bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS CASOS DE VIOLÊNCIA FÍSICA CONTRA MULHERES NOTIFICADOS NA BAHIA
Authors: De Santana Vilasboas Dantas Giselle , Leal da Silva Polyana , Kareny da Silva Jaine , Andrade Rios Marcela
Published: December 2017

Introdução: A violência é um fenômeno social e histórico na humanidade que acarreta impactos diretos sobre a saúde, por meio de lesões físicas ou emocionais, traumas e mortes, representando um problema de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo. Nesse sentido exige formulação de políticas específicas e organização de práticas e de serviços peculiares ao setor de saúde integral à mulher a fim de se prestar uma assistência integral e humanizada. Objetivo: descrever os casos de violência física (VF) contra a mulher notificados ao Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) na Bahia, nos anos de 2009 a 2014. Material e métodos: estudo descritivo, transversal, utilizando-se dados secundários do SINAN, referentes a violência física praticada contra mulheres na Bahia, no período de 2009 à 2014. Resultados: foram notificados 9.590 casos de VF contra mulheres na faixa etária entre 20 a 39 anos (56%), pertencentes às raças parda e negra (58,5%), com ensino fundamental incompleto (20,9%); o ato era praticado com maior frequência pelo cônjuge (24,2%), na residência das vítimas (52,2%), utilizando-se a força corporal e/ou espancamento (67,2%). Conclusão: A violência é um fenômeno frequente no cotidiano das mulheres e seu enfrentamento ainda é um desafio, havendo a necessidade de revisão das políticas públicas nacionais e internacionais que embora tenham avançado na garantia de punição do agressor, ainda carece de maior assistência holística e integral após as denúncias.
In the Hot Seat: Teaching Students Through Experience With Self-Help Groups
Authors: Younes Maha N. , Vanlaningham Jody L.
Published: December 2017

This descriptive study examines the attitudes and experiences of students at a midwestern public university who attended self-help group meetings to fulfill an undergraduate social work course requirement and to promote professional preparation for social work and other helping professions. Questionnaires were administered in two social work courses, and self-assessment papers submitted by social work students were used to gain insight into their perspectives related to self-help groups and to understand their personal experiences before, during, and after completing the assignment. The outcome revealed the impact that attending self-help group meetings had on students, the personal and professional knowledge they gained, and the vital role human service professionals, especially social workers, play in supporting self-help groups. The experience triggered a powerful and personal journey where students confronted their fears and biases, gained a more compassionate view of addictions and mental health, and walked away with an improved sense of self-efficacy.
Chronic rhinosinusitis: the correlation between symptom severity score and findings on plain radiographs of the paranasal sinuses
Authors: Idugboe Omoregie J. , Otoghile Bright , Musa Ibrahim O. , Adeosun Adeleke A.
Published: December 2017

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common clinical problem with often refractory symptoms. Though computed tomography scan of the paranasal sinuses (PNS) is the radiological gold standard for confirming the diagnosis of CRS, it is not readily available and affordable in developing countries. Hence plain radiographs are heavily relied upon to confirm the diagnosis of CRS. The reliability and adequacy of plain sinus radiographs in combination with disease specific questionnaires in the management of CRS is still debatable. The objectives of the study were to determine the correlation between symptom severity score and findings on plain radiograph of the PNS in adult patients with CRS.

Methods: This was an eight month prospective cross sectional study (April-November, 2014) of Fifty- two consecutive newly diagnosed adult patients with CRS.  

Results: Age of patients ranged from 19–91 years. Male to female ratio was 1:1.26. There was significant positive correlation between high and moderate symptom severity score (severe and moderate disease) with findings on plain radiograph of the PNS (p=0.032 and 0.048 respectively).

Conclusions: The overall symptom severity score of CRS correlates with findings on the plain radiographs of patients with CRS especially in severe and moderate disease. 
Treatment outcome of postoperative radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Ghori H. U. , Sohaib M. , Tiwari Vivek , Ahirwar Manish
Published: December 2017

Background: Though early stage malignancy of head and neck can be cured by surgery or radiotherapy, cure of patients with locally advanced disease continues to pose a therapeutic challenge. Loco regional failure is the major cause of death in head and neck cancer. As the cure of locally advance head and neck cancer is less than expectation, a combined modality approach is generally used in these type of patients. The combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve outcome in locally advance head and neck cancer.

Methods: This observational study reviewed cancer patients reported in our hospital with the following inclusion criteria: primary head and neck cancer, treatment with radical surgery, and multiple nodal metastases. The prescribed dose of postoperative radiotherapy was 60–66 Gy. Patient characteristics, treatment parameters and clinical outcome were recorded.  

Results: The primary end point was overall survival, and the secondary endpoint was disease status.

Conclusions: Concurrent postoperative administration of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is a way to intensify treatment for resectable high-risk head and neck tumors.
Comparative clinical evaluation of effect of topical verses systemic anti -allergic drug in allergic rhinitis: a prospective study
Authors: Bhadouriya Sunil Kumar Singh , Srivastava Mohit , Saxena Rohit , Srivastava Abhinav
Published: December 2017

Background: Nasal passages form one of the chief sources of contact of the human with his environment. Hence, it is natural that the mucosa of the area is the victim of assault with multitudes of potential allergens. Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disease with worldwide prevalence of 10-40%. Allergic rhinitis is a disease with low mortality but significantly lowers the quality of life and functioning. Both oral and intranasal antihistamines are approved for the first-line treatment of allergic rhinitis and both formulations result in a reduction in symptoms and an improvement in quality of life.

Methods: The following study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of the azelastine nasal spray in comparison to levocetrizine in patients with allergic rhinitis. Out of the 68 patients, 34 cases were treated with topical azelastine (group A), while remaining 34 with systemic levocetrizine (group B). The effects of anti-allergic drugs have been studied on the basis of relief of symptoms and change in histopathology.  

Results: The effect of levocetrizine has been studied on the basis of relief of symptoms and change in histopathology and found to have complete response in 58% and fair response in 23.5% patients of allergic rhinitis. The effect of topical azelastine nasal spray have complete response in 70.5% and fair response in 23.5% patients of allergic rhinitis.

Conclusions: Comparing the post therapy clinical and histopathological results in this study, azelastine nasal spray was found to be more effective and safe in the treatment of allergic rhinitis than levocetrizine.
A study of surgical outcomes of myringoplasty in active and inactive ears
Authors: Patel Vasim Ismail , Kulkarni N. H. , A. C. Jyothi , B. H. ShriKrishna
Published: December 2017

Background: Chronic otitis media (COM) can present with inactive (dry) and active (wet) ear. It’s an accepted fact that an actively draining central perforation is not a contraindication for ear surgery. The discharging ear presents the otologists with the dilemma of operating on it or not, this is due to widespread belief that the success rate while doing ear surgeries on active ears is decidedly inferior. Hence the present study is intended to find the outcome of ear surgeries in inactive and active ear with objective to find the incidence of graft uptake and hearing improvement in both the groups.

Methods: A total of 50 active ear (with mucoid discharge) and 52 inactive ears (not discharging at least 3 month before surgery) with mucosal chronic otitis media underwent myringoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy. Graft take and hearing gain rates 3 and 6 months after surgery were calculated for both groups and compared.  

Results: The graft take rate was 90% for the active ear group and 94% for the inactive ear group. The hearing gain rate was 90% for the active ear group and 94% for the inactive ear group. Differences were found to be statistically insignificant for both graft intake (p=0.461) and hearing gain (p=0.543).

Conclusions: The success of myringoplasty is not adversely affected by the presence of mucoid ear discharge at time of surgery, and outcomes are comparable to those of the opration done for inactive ears. 
Laryngeal cancer: a clinicopathological study of 65 cases
Authors: Chauhan Jitendra Pratap Singh , Bharti Bhartendu , Bhadouriya Sunil Singh , Kumar Abhay , Narain Prem , Singh Jaypal
Published: December 2017

Background: The larynx serves protective, respiratory and phonatory functions in humans. Cancer of the larynx is common cancer of head and neck region. This study was done to determine the predisposing factors, clinical aspects and histopathological pattern of the laryngeal malignancies. Patients were studied with particular significance given to the mode of presentation, risk factors, topography and histopathology of the tumour.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah. All 65 cases of laryngeal cancer presented from July 2016 to July 2017were included in this study.  

Results: Most of cases belonged to age group 51-60 years. Tobacco intake in the form of smoking was the major risk factor and present in 80% of cases. Commonest presenting symptom was the dysphagia followed by hoarseness of voice. Supraglottic area was the commonest site (69.23%) for laryngeal cancer in this study. Squamous cell carcinoma was found in 98.46% of patients. Moderately differentiated category seen in 49.23% of patients. Most of the patients presented in the stage III and IV (30.77% and 44.62%). 37 (56.92%) cases out of 65 cases had cervical lymph node metastasis at the time of presentation.
Conclusions:Diagnosis is based on proper history, clinical examination, direct visualization of the larynx, CT scan and established by histopathological examination. This study has been done to improve comprehension and care of patients with laryngeal carcinoma.
 
A comparative study between amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and levofloxacin in the management of acute maxillary sinusitis at RIMS, Ranchi
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Kumari Abha
Published: December 2017

Background: Acute rhinosinusitis is an acute viral or bacterial in which there is inflammation of the mucosa of the nose and paranasal sinuses. The aim of study was to compare the efficacy of oral amoxicillin-clavulanate with levofloxacin in the management of acute maxillary sinusitis.

Methods: The present prospective study was conducted in the Department of ENT, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi during a period of 8 months i.e. from July 2016 to June 2017. In Group I patients 1 gm of amox­icillin-clavulanate was given two times a day and in Group II, 500 mg of Levo­floxicin was given once a day for a period of 10 days. Patient’s complete demographic details were recorded including name, age and gender. Xylometazoline nasal spray and steam inhalations were given to all the patients.  

Results: The mean age of the subjects was 36.43±6.43 years. In both the groups, majority of the subjects were between 36-45 years of age. There were 34.7% (52) in Group I and 38.7% (n=58) in Group II who belonged to this age group. Least number of subjects was those aged more than 48 years. There were 88% subjects (n=132) in group I and 86% (n=129) subjects in Group II in whom complete resolution of symptoms was seen.

Conclusions: From the above study we can conclude that both amoxicillin–clavulanic acid and levofloxacin are equally efficacious in managing cases of acute sinusitis. In this study there was no difference in the rate and duration of resolution amongst both the groups.
Evaluation of FNAC of head and neck swellings: a retrospective study
Authors: Sangavi Arvind Kumar B. , Itagi Inder Raj , Choudhari Suhas Y. , U. Venkatesh
Published: December 2017

Background: Neck swellings are on­­e of the commonest clinical presentations encountered by the practicing physicians. Hence; we undertook the present study to assess the incidence and nature of various head and neck swellings by FNAC.

Methods: The present study included evaluation of data of all the patients that underwent FNAC for various head and neck swellings. A total of 100 patients were included in this study in which FNAC was performed with lesions in the head and neck regions in the otorhinolaryngology, pediatric, and surgery departments. Cleaning of the area, to be aspirated, was done and a 23‑gauge needle with syringe and trocar was inserted at convenient angles to the lesions and multiple hits was made within the lesion, with sufficient negative pressure; the needle was removed and the pressure was applied to the area of aspiration to avoid bleeding or hematoma formation.  

Results: Majority of the patients with head and neck swellings belong to the age group of 21 to 30 years. Only 6 and 4 patients were having age of 51 to 60 years and 61 years and above respectively. Out of 100 patients, 36 were males and 64 were females. In a total of 54 patients, diagnosis of inflammatory lesion was made while in case of 34 and 12 patients; diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions was made respectively.

Conclusions: Most of the swellings occurring in the head and neck region are inflammatory in nature and affect females more frequently than males.
Changes in response characteristics of cortical auditory evoked potentials in bilateral cochlear implantees
Authors: Murali Sathiya , Goyal Sunil , Natarajan Kiran , Arumugam Senthil Vadivu , Chauhan Neha , Kameswaran Mohan
Published: December 2017

Background: Cochlear implants (CIs) represents the most successful intervention to restore hearing in profoundly hearing impaired children and adults. An objective measures such as cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) would provide more insights to the auditory process involved in post implantation. Aim of the study was to profile the change in response characteristics of CAEPs in simultaneous binaural cochlear implantees. Objective was to measure change in latency and amplitude in monoaural and binaural condition for speech stimulus with change in intensities.

Methods: Ours study is an observational retrospective study done at a tertiary ENT referral centre in south India, between Jan 2014 to Dec 2015. Out of total 15 patients with bilateral cochlear implantation, 7 consecutive bilateral simultaneous cochlear implantees with chronological age between 2-6 years were included in the study. Only pre-lingual congenital hearing loss children with no syndromic associations and normal cochlear anatomy were included while, peri-lingual, post-lingual children and children with sequential bilateral implantation were excluded from the study.  

Results: Amplitude of P1 was higher for binaural stimulation compared to monoaural stimulation. Latency of P1 was smaller for binaural compared to monoaural stimulus. In monaural stimulation the latency of P1 was smaller in right ear compared to left ear. However the difference between the right ear, left ear and binaural conditions were not statistically significant. Ours is a preliminary study and more bilateral implantees will be included in future studies to give more power to the study.

Conclusions: We suggest that CAEPs can be used as a useful objective tool for assessment of post CI outcome.
Identification of external branch of superior laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery: a prospective study
Authors: Ekhar Vipin R. , V. Ramkumar , Shelkar Ritesh N. , Sarode Akshay V.
Published: December 2017

Background: Identification of external branch of superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) according to Cernea et al classification and to describe a surgical technique of superior pole dissection to preserve EBSLN during thyroid surgeries.

Methods: The study was done over 2 years period in a tertiary care hospital. 105 nerves were studied among the 90 patients who underwent thyroid surgeries. Avascular dissection over the JOLL’S triangle was carried out and identified EBSLN were classified according to Cernea et al classification. Individual ligation of superior pole vessels was carried out after identifying the nerve. Outcome was studied relating the identified nerve with sides of thyroidectomy performed, size of thyroid gland and nerves at risk according to Cernea et al classification.  

Results: Of the 105 nerves studied, in 81.90% of patients the nerve was identified. There were 34.88% of Type 1 nerves, 52.33% of Type 2A nerve and 12.79% of Type 2B nerves identified. Less number of nerves could be identified on the left side. Type 2B nerves were more common on left side inspite of less number of dissections carried out on left. Type 2 variation was more common in large goiters.

Conclusions: Careful dissection should be done in superior pole in avascular cricothyroid space, with lateralization of superior pole and individual identification of superior pole vessels once the nerve is identified. Identification of the nerve is mandatory in all patients who undergo thyroid surgery for optimal functions of the larynx. These results showed a better identification of nerves by proper surgical techniques without use of any sophisticated equipments. 
Present scenario of laryngeal tuberculosis
Authors: Saldanha Marina , Sima Natashya H. , Bhat Vadisha S. , Kamath Shrinath D. , Aroor Rajeshwari
Published: December 2017

Background: The objectives of the study were to document the presentation of laryngeal tuberculosis, response to anti-tubercular treatment and objective evaluation of larynx during and post anti-tubercular treatment.

Methods: A before and after treatment study including 15 subjects with laryngeal tuberculosis treated in our tertiary health care centre during a three year study period. Clinical presentation, management, subjective self-assessment of voice and objective assessment of larynx by videostroboscopy at the beginning, at two months and at six months of anti-tubercular treatment were documented.  

Results: Two patients had primary laryngeal tuberculosis and thirteen patients had laryngeal tuberculosis associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. Only one patient was immuno-compromised. Most common presenting symptom was hoarseness (93%). Ulcerative lesions were the most common clinical finding (87%) with the vocal cords being the commonest site involved (80%). All patients responded well to anti-tubercular treatment. Videostroboscopy showed an improvement in vocal cord lesions during treatment. Subjective assessment of voice after two months of anti-tubercular treatment showed marked improvement in voice. At completion of treatment, voice was better but all patients had complaints of residual hoarseness.

Conclusions: Primary laryngeal tuberculosis is less common in comparison to laryngeal tuberculosis secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis. With early diagnosis, the response to treatment is satisfactory. Videostroboscopy can be used as an effective tool in monitoring vocal cord changes during the follow- up period.
A rare sinonasal tumour with orbital manifestation: glomangiopericytoma
Authors: Yap Hui Jean , Sachlin Ida Sadja'ah , Khaw Bee Lian
Published: December 2017

Sinonasal glomangiopericytoma is a tumor showing similarities to a glomus tumour but is less aggressive and has a lower malignancy potential. It was initially reported by Stout and Murray in 1942. Our patient was a 19 years old lady who presented to us with unilateral epistaxis during her pregnancy. Further investigations including a nasopharyngeal biopsy showed signs of an aggressive behaving sinonasal glomangiopericytoma. She underwent left medial maxillectomy via lateral rhinotomy approach to achieve complete excision of the tumor. This was vital as past literatures suggest that incomplete excision of tumor is the most pertinent factor to tumor recurrence. Distant metastasis is rare. Complete excision with regular long term follow up is the treatment of choice. The role of chemo and radiotherapy remains controversial. 
Tumor associated tissue eosinophilia: a case report with review
Authors: Nagpal Bhuvan , Hegde Usha , Deshpande Prasannasrinivas , Dey Soumadip
Published: December 2017

Cancer is one of the most deadly diseases. Even today a lot of research is going on to understand the various aspects of this neoplasm in order to improve the treatment modalities and thus the life of the affected. The role of tumor associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) has gained much impetus as it is believed to play important role in the biological behavior of the tumor. There are contradictory reports with respect to malignancy and hence its functional role remains ambiguous. We report a case of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with TATE and review of literature of the same. A 58 year old female patient presented with a shallow ulcer on the palate. On clinical examination, left submandibular lymph nodes were enlarged and tender on palpation with slightly raised surface temperature. Fine needle aspiration cytology from submandibular lymph nodes was suggestive of squamous cell carcinoma. Incisional biopsy from ulcer confirmed the diagnosis of moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, with the striking feature of tissue eosinophilia. Haematological investigations revealed differential & absolute eosinophil count which was not significant. The review of literature revealed contradictory findings with respect to TATE as a prognostic factor in OSCC patients. It has been found to have a favourable, a poorer or even no influence on patient’s outcome, thus remaining a matter of controversy.
Rural Settings and Two Brazils Very Brazilians
Authors: Demétrio Águida Meneses Valadares
Published: December 2017

The rural settlements are managed through institutional organizations and established through laws, statute, projects, and forming an Ideal Brazil. Primarily, five elementary aspects need support from the government to develop socio-economically from those rural segments: Health service, school education, traffic conditions, qualification courses, and release of subsidies. On the other hand, there is a real Brazil lived by families farmers that face daily difficulties and the bureaucratic barriers. Research made by the ethnographic method, data collected by the technique of participant observation with 70 settlers. Records in a field diary analyzed the five aspects mentioned with the quantitative and qualitative result. This duality of views between Ideal Brazil and Real Brazil evidenced two Brazils "way Brazilian", demonstrating when theory and practice do not harmonize they compromise the socioeconomic aspects of rural settlements in your essence. Which is family agriculture. The INCRA represents the diagram of the power exerted upon the settlers, while those explore “Brazilian way" [jeitinho brasiliero] making an antagonistic duality instead of complementary.

Assentamentos Rurais e Dois Brasis Bem Brasileiros

Os assentamentos rurais são geridos por órgãos institucionais, com aspectos fiscalizadores, norteadores, financeiros, ofertando terras e capacitações, disponibilizando subsídios, coordenando instruções normativas através de leis, decretos, projetos, formando o Brasil Ideal. Por outro viés, há o Brasil Real, no seu cotidiano, analisando em cinco aspectos elementares: saúde pública, educação escolar, condições de trafegabilidade, cursos capacitatórios, liberação de subsídios. Pesquisa pelo método etnográfico, coleta de dados pela técnica da observação participante, registros em Diário de Campo, analisados nos aspectos quanti e qualitativos. Essa dualidade de olhares evidenciou dois brasis bem brasileiros, demonstrando que quando teoria e prática não se harmonizam, comprometem os aspectos socioeconômicos dos assentamentos rurais em sua essência, que é a agricultura familiar. O INCRA representa o diagrama do poder exercido sobre os assentados, enquanto esses se utilizam de “jeitinho brasileiro”, formando uma dualidade antagônica, ao invés de complementares.
One More Drink: Archaebotanical analysis of beer consumption in the South Shetland (Antarctica)
Authors: Soares Fernanda Codevilla , Gardiman Gilberto Guitte
Published: December 2017

The objective of this article is to analyze the perceptive construction of the act of drinking among the seal-hunters and whalers who occupied the Antarctic continent in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. We sought to understand the importance of alcoholic beverages (and their materialities) in the formation of the Antarctica social space. The research adds information to the landmark project "Landscapes in White", developed by LEACH - UFMG. In this work, in addition to testing new archaeobotanical methodologies, we tried to strengthen the agency that bottles, corks and drinks had in the structuring of fellowships among these hunter groups while in Antarctica. In order to do so, the analysis of the starch granules recovered in the cork and bottles was performed. The research concluded that beer was the drink chosen to accompany these workers when landed and that the conquest of Antarctica, in its early days, reinforced feelings of sociability, conviviality and brotherhood among them.

Mais uma Dose: Análise arqueobotânica do consumo de cerveja nas Shetland do Sul (Antártica)

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar a construção perceptiva da bebida entre os foqueiros, lobeiros e baleeiros da Antártica (que ocuparam o continente em fins do século XVIII e XIX), visando compreender a importância que as bebidas alcoólicas e suas materialidades tiveram na formação desse espaço social. A pesquisa complementa informações do projeto-marco “Paisagens em branco”, desenvolvido pelo LEACH – UFMG. Nesse trabalho, além de testar novas metodologias arqueobotânicas, procurou-se reforçar a agência que as garrafas, as rolhas e as bebidas tiveram na estruturação do coletivo foqueiro antártico. Para tanto, foi realizada a análise dos grânulos de amido recuperados nos resíduos das garrafas e rolhas de cortiça. O trabalho informou que a cerveja foi a bebida escolhida para acompanhar esses trabalhadores quando desembarcados. De acordo com a investigação desenvolvida, a conquista da Antártica, nos seus primeiros tempos, ocorreu de forma a reforçar sentimentos de sociabilidade, convívio e irmandade.
O sujeito e o agir: entre a virtude e o dever / The subject and the act: between virtue and duty
Authors: Cintra Rodrigo Suzuki
Published: December 2017

Resumo: O presente trabalho tem por intuito apresentar e discutir criticamente as duas matrizes éticas mais importantes da tradição ocidental, a saber: a ética da virtude e a ética deontológica. Apresenta-se a ética como uma questão, desse modo, que se situa em torno da ideia de sujeito ou da de ação. Tal debate, em verdade, somente pode girar em torno do pensamento ético de Kant, o mais influente filósofo sobre a questão da moralidade. Trata-se, então, de perceber a potencialidade de seu pensamento e, também, as limitações de sua noção de obrigação e dever. O trabalho sustenta, como conclusão, que a ética, em nossos tempos, é menos uma doutrina e mais uma questão, ou seja, se apresenta menos como um conjunto de regras do comportamento ou do viver para a felicidade e mais como uma série de indagações sobre suas próprias condições de operação e o estatuto teórico-prático de seus procedimentos.Palavras-chave: ética deontológica; filosofia moral, Aristóteles, virtude; Kant; dever; obrigação; felicidade Abstract: This paper is meant to present and critically discuss the two most important ethical matrix of the Western tradition, namely, virtue ethics and deontological ethics. It is presented as a problem, therefore, that lies in the ideia of subject or in the sense of action. The debate, in fact, can only make sense from the ethical thinking of Kant, the most influential philosopher on the issue of morality. It is the case of understanding the potential of his thought and also the limitations of his sense of obligation and duty. The paper argues, in conclusion, that ethics, in our time, is less a doctrine and more a form of a question, in other words, is presented less as a behavior rule or a way of living for happiness and more like a series of questions on their own operating conditions and it’s theoretical and practical procedures.Keywords: deontological ethics; moral philosophy; Aristotle; virtue; Kant; duty; obligation;  happiness
A democracia contemporânea e a crítica aos limites entre público e privado: por uma nova teoria da cidadania / The contemporary democracy and the critics of the limits between public and private: for a new theory of citizenship
Authors: Albuquerque Newton De Menezes , Araújo Guilherme Dourado Aragão Sá
Published: December 2017

Resumo: Sob a óptica do problema da legitimidade das decisões democráticas, este trabalho expõe a necessidade de reversão da tendência publicista em prol de maior reconhecimento do poder deliberativo voluntário individual ou comunitário. Demonstrou-se o surgimento da democracia direta na Grécia antiga e as implicações modernas que levaram ao desenvolvimento das formas representativas, bem como seus problemas inerentes. Utilizando-se de pesquisa bibliográfica, o ensaio expõe que os mecanismos de verificação da legitimidade democrática não se mostraram suficientes para garantir a verdadeira democracia em seu aspecto material. Concluiu-se que esses problemas provocam a necessidade de se repensar o objeto deliberativo da democracia em questões eminentemente individuais como a união entre pessoas do mesmo sexo ou livre comércio de drogas e armas.Palavras-chave: teoria da democracia; legitimidade; democracia direta.Abstract: From the perspective of the problem of legitimacy of democratic decisions, this paper exposes the need for revert the publicist trend towards greater recognition of the individual or community volunteer deliberative power. It showed the appearance of the direct democracy in ancient Greece and the modern implications that led to the development of the representative forms, as well as its inherent problems. Through literature research, it states that the mechanisms of verification of democratic legitimacy were not sufficient to ensure true democracy in its material aspect. It concludes these problems cause the need to rethink democracy’s deliberative object in eminently individual issues such as same sex marriage or free trade of drugs and arms.Keywords: theory of democracy; legitimacy; direct democracy.
A rodada do uruguai e o meio ambiente: o florescimento da tutela jurídica ambiental no sistema multilateral de comércio / The Uruguay Round and the Environment: the blooming of the environmental protection in the multilateral trading system
Authors: Dal Ri Júnior Arno , De Andrade Mariana Clara
Published: December 2017

ResumoO presente artigo aborda as negociações internacionais relativas à tutela ambiental no sistema multilateral de comércio no período que compreende o fim da Rodada de Tóquio (1979) até o fim da Rodada do Uruguai (1994) e a instituição da Organização Mundial do Comércio. Para tanto, analisa-se brevemente as mudanças surgidas no cenário do Direito Internacional Ambiental no ínterim situado entre as duas rodadas referidas para que se contextualize os impactos dos eventos ocorridos no período, particularmente com os adventos da Conferência de Estocolmo (1972) e a Rio-92 (1992). A partir disso, são analisados documentos das negociações do grupo GATT relevantes a questões ambientais, com o objetivo de se verificar o desenvolvimento institucional e normativo ocorrido durante o período citado, com enfoque particular na Rodada do Uruguai. Verifica-se a forte influência dos acontecimentos entre as décadas de 1970 e 1990 no cenário internacional e, particularmente, no sistema multilateral de comércio, culminando com a inclusão da preocupação com o desenvolvimento sustentável no preâmbulo do Acordo Constitutivo da OMC, em 1994.Palavras-chaveGATT; Rodada do Uruguai; Meio Ambiente; Sistema Multilateral de Comércio; Direito Internacional Ambiental. AbstractThe present article studies the international negotiations related to the environmental protection in the multilateral trading system, in the period comprised from the end of the Tokyo Round (1979) to the end of the Uruguay Round and the institution of the World Trade Organization (1994). In order to do so, it describes briefly the changes emerged in the context of International Environmental Law during the interim between the two rounds, so as to expose the impacts of the events that occurred in this period, especially those brought about by the advent of the Stockholm Conference (1972) and the Rio-92 (1992). Afterwards, this work analyses the documents concerning environmental matters produced in the negotiations of the GATT group in the period post-1972, with the aim of verifying the institutional and legal development of the system during the aforementioned interlude, with particular attention to the Uruguay Round. From this perspective, it can be observed the strong influence of the events that took place from 1970 to 1990 in the international scenario and, particularly, in the multilateral trading system, culminating with the assertion of the concern with sustainable development in the Preamble of the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, in 1994. KeywordsGATT; Uruguay Round; Environment; Multilateral Trading System; International Environmental Law.
Direitos Humanos e Retórica Pós-Moderna / Human Rights and Postmodern Rhetoric
Authors: De Marsillac Narbal
Published: December 2017

Resumo: Com visões diametralmente opostas, Santos e Melkevik defendem, cada um a sua maneira, a dignidade humana e sua promoção global. A aporia dos dois posicionamentos teóricos apenas apura o senso crítico e denuncia os contornos do problema da fundamentação dos direitos humanos em um mundo pós-moderno, globalizado e cada vez mais plural. Se para o primeiro, a legitimidade desses direitos reside na radical dialogicidade e adaptabilidade aos auditórios aos quais são dirigidos, para o segundo, na qualidade de discordante razoável, é a tolerância, a solidariedade e o engajamento discursivo-democrático de uma racionalidade comunicativa que pode e deve mudar a sorte dos vulneráveis através de uma lógica de mosqueteiro que se impõe planetariamente não enquanto dada, mas enquanto força social e se traduz no dever de ser por todos e por cada um a força dos fracos. A proposta aqui é acompanhar em paralelo essas duas reflexões e se deixar influenciar pelo que as duas têm de melhor.Palavras-Chave: Direitos Humanos; Pós-Modernidade; Retórica; Modernidade JurídicaAbstract: With diametrically opposed views, Santos and Melkevik defend, in their own way, the human dignity and its global promotion. The aporia of the two theoretical positions only clears the critical sense and denounces the contours of the problem of the foundation of human rights in a postmodern world, globalized and increasingly plural. If in Santos’s perspective, the legitimacy of these rights lies in the radical dialogue and adaptability to the audiences to whom they are directed, in the Melkevik’s perspective, as a reasonable discordant, is the tolerance, solidarity and the discursive-democratic engagement of a communicative rationality that might and must change the future of the vulnerable people with a musketeer logic that imposes itself globally not as given, but as a social force and is translated into the duty of being for all and for each one the strength of the weak. The proposal here is to accompany these two reflections in parallel and let to be influenced by what the two have the best.Keywords: Human Rights; Postmodernity; Rhetoric; Legal Modernity
Sigilo e segredo profissional na atividade do solicitador: uma perspectiva ética / Confidentiality and professional secrecy in solicitor activity: an ethical perspective
Authors: Bonito Jorge
Published: December 2017

No âmbito de variadas atividades profissionais é comum escutar que as mesmas estão vinculadas ao sigilo e /ou ao segredo profissional. Em Portugal, os solicitadores atuam em todo o território nacional e perante jurisdição, instância, autoridade ou entidade pública e privada, exercendo o exercício do mandato forense e a consulta jurídica, nos termos da Lei n.º 49/2004, de 24 de agosto. O dever de guardar segredo profissional é encarado, nesta profissão, como uma regra de ouro. Este trabalho procura problematizar o significado dos dois vocábulos – sigilo e segredo – numa perspetiva ética. Mergulha, na continuação, na atividade do solicitador, analisando os dispostos regulamentares sobre o sigilo e o segredo profissional nos Estatutos da Ordem e do Código Deontológico dos Solicitadores e dos Agentes de Execução.
A eficácia dos limites legais à competência regulamentar em regulação econômica: o caso Ancine e as empresas estrangeiras / Effectiveness of legal limits for regulatory competence in economic regulation: the Ancine and foreign companies case
Authors: Sundfeld Carlos Ari , Câmara Jacintho Arruda
Published: December 2017

RESUMOO objetivo do artigo é testar a fidelidade do regulador administrativo às normas legais que deveriam limitá-lo, em situação de divergência entre a visão do regulador e o conteúdo das leis. Para a análise jurídica da extensão da competência regulamentar administrativa, o artigo afasta a discussão circunscrita à interpretação do princípio constitucional da legalidade e empreende o exame dos dispositivos legais que conferem atribuições normativas administrativas. O caso escolhido foi a resolução da Agência Nacional de Cinema - ANCINE que estendeu a empresas estrangeiras restrição que a lei fizera incidir apenas sobre empresas com sede no Brasil. A constatação do artigo é de infidelidade consciente do regulador.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Regulação. Poder Normativo. TV por Assinatura. Serviço de Acesso Condicionado. Empresa estrangeira. ABSTRACTThis article tests the administrative regulator’s fidelity to the legal limits for his actions when there is discrepancy between what he wants to do and what a legal norm allows him to. For the legal analysis of this regulatory competence´s extent, the article moves away from uptakes on the constitutional principle of legality and exams legal dispositions that attributes normative competence to public administration. The case studied is an administrative resolution edited by the National Film Regulatory Agency – ANCINE, in which the agency extended to foreign companies a restriction legally intended only for companies with head offices in Brazil. The article’s finding is the administrative regulator’s conscious infidelity to legality.
Sobre o ativismo judicial nas questões relacionadas ao direito à saúde: mensageiro da boa nova ou lobo em pele de cordeiro / Judicial activism in matters related to the right to healthcare: bearer of good news or wolf in sheep’s clothing
Authors: Cristóvam José Sérgio Da Silva , Cipriani Manoella Peixer
Published: December 2017

Resumo: Com a omissão dos Poderes Executivo e Legislativo na formulação de políticas públicas adequadas e satisfatórias, a sociedade passou a buscar no Judiciário a efetivação de seus direitos constitucionais, principalmente o direito à saúde. Submisso ao princípio da inafastabilidade judicial e primando pelo respeito e efetivação da constituição, o Poder Judiciário popularizou a concessão de medicamentos e tratamentos médicos por meio de ações judiciais. A justificativa é de que cabe também ao Judiciário a concretização da Constituição e, diante da característica de eficácia plena que possui o direito à saúde, conceder tais medidas quando provocado. Entretanto, essas ações tornaram-se cada vez mais comuns e a consequência foi que as decisões judiciais passaram a interferir expressivamente no orçamento público, provocando alterações significativas nas verbas destinadas as políticas públicas de saúde. Essa é a temática central desse estudo, em especial o debate sobre os limites ao ativismo judicial em matéria de saúde. O método utilizado é o dedutivo e monográfico e a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica. Palavras-chave: Ativismo Judicial; Controle de Políticas Públicas; Direito à saúde; Estado constitucional de direito; Legitimidade e limites. Abstract: Given the omission of the Executive and Legislative Branches in the formulation of appropriate and satisfactory public policies, society has come to claim through the Judicial System their constitutional rights, especially the right to healthcare. Submitted to the principle of non-obviation of jurisdiction and prioritizing the respect and enforcement of the constitution, the Judiciary popularized the provision of medicine and treatments through lawsuits. The justification is that it is also the Judicial Branch’s role to ensure the Constitution is enforced and, ruled by the immediate effect that the right to healthcare bears, grant these measures when provoked. However, these actions have become increasingly common and the result is that the decisions of the judges began to meaningfully interfere in government budget, significantly changing funds for public healthcare policies. This is the central theme of this study, especially the debate on the limits to the judicial activism in healthcare. The research used the deductive approach, monographic method and technical literature procedure. Keywords: Judicial Activism; Control of public policy; Right to healthcare; Constitutional state of law; Legitimacy and limits.
Biocimentação de compósitos cimentícios mediante adição de esporos de B. subtilis AP91
Authors: Schwantes-Cezario Nicole , Nogueira Geovana Souza Ferreira , Toralles Berenice Martins
Published: December 2017

A durabilidade dos compósitos cimentícios está intimamente ligada à sua porosidade, sendo que quanto mais poroso um material é, mais susceptível ele está à ação de intempéries. Com o intuito de diminuir a porosidade nos materiais cimentícios, as bactérias do gênero Bacillus estão sendo utilizadas como agentes biocimentantes de autocicatrização a partir da precipitação de cristais de carbonato de cálcio (CaCO3). Estes cristais funcionam como um preenchimento de poros, evitando sua deterioração precoce e os protegendo não apenas dos desgastes sofridos pela água, mas também por outras substâncias prejudiciais. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a biocimentação de quatro compósitos cimentícios de traço em massa de 1:1 (cimento: areia) e consistência de 260 ± 10 mm com diferentes incorporações, como: sílica ativa (SA), nanossílica dispersa em policarboxilato (NDP) e esporos de B. subtilis isolado no Brasil. Foram feitas análises de resistência à compressão, absorção de água, índice de vazios e Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), afim de avaliar a biocimentação a partir da precipitação de CaCO3. Com os resultados destes ensaios verificou-se que a aplicação das bactérias nos compósitos foi eficiente, pois proporcionou um aumento de resistência à compressão, uma diminuição na absorção de água e no índice de vazios, quando comparados com a referência. Além disso, a precipitação de CaCO3 nos compósitos com adição de esporos bacterianos foi evidenciada por Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura.
Flexibilização do ensino de cálculo de esforços a partir do uso de protótipo e software em linguagem PHP em cursos de Engenharia
Authors: Moraes André Luiz de Lima , Pinheiro Elaine Cristina Brito , Almeida Marcos Danilo Costa de , Oliveira Dênio Raman Carvalho de
Published: December 2017

Este projeto visa auxiliar o processo de desenvolvimento cognitivo dos alunos a partir da flexibilidade do ensino tradicional com o uso de novas metodologias. Neste contexto, uma alternativa viável para melhorar esta compreensão é a utilização de software de linguagem de script open source de uso geral, que possibilitará ao discente concretizar o conhecimento acerca de cálculos de esforços em disciplinas de estruturas. Para tanto, o software é utilizado em conjunto com um protótipo que realiza a ruptura de tesouras na escala 1/10, conformadas com auxílio de resina poliéster e resíduos de madeira. Os alunos foram estimulados a realizar a ruptura destas estruturas (resina mais resíduo de madeira) a partir do uso do protótipo e, em seguida, a utilização do software para auxiliar a rotina de cálculo dos esforços envolvidos no ensaio. A avaliação do uso desta proposta aliada a tradicionais técnicas de ensino foi determinada a partir da análise de dados em dois momentos: após aula expositiva, com a aplicação de questionário avaliativo sobre o conteúdo ministrado; e após o uso do protótipo e software, com a aplicação de novo questionário. A partir do desenvolvimento do projeto pode-se perceber uma redução de 45% no percentual de estudantes que haviam obtido um coeficiente insuficiente nos questionários avaliativos, evidenciando que com esta metodologia aliada a tradicionais técnicas de ensino como a aula expositiva atuou como um mecanismo dinâmico e motivacional para a busca da aprendizagem pelos discentes.
Adequações contemporâneas ao processo avaliativo tradicional no ensino superior: da tradição jesuítica à pluralidade metodológica
Authors: Brugnera Tiago Luis
Published: December 2017

A avaliação, não apenas uma etapa do processo de aprendizagem, mas um processo complexo por si, consolida toda a atividade pedagógica do professor e da instituição de ensino. Muitos professores ainda mantêm como maneira avaliativa a avaliação tradicional em que a nota é relevante em posição do processo de aprendizagem. Neste trabalho se discutiu questões voltadas aos métodos de avaliação existentes e praticadas comumente dentro de uma sala de aula em substituição à tradicional prova escrita.  Buscou-se ampliar os conhecimentos acerca do assunto por meio da metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa tipo exploratória e descritiva. Elencou-se e arguiu-se sobre diferentes metodologias alternativas, como avaliações via relatórios, portfólios, avaliações orais, por observação, por auto avaliação e técnicas artísticas. Concluiu-se que existem alternativas para se avaliar um aluno, a depender dos objetivos que o professor busca alcançar com a avaliação e com a disciplina.
A (in)suficiência do regime do direito ao reembolso em Portugal: o estudo particular das cooperativas vitivinícolas da região demarcada do Douro
Authors: Meira Deolinda A. , Bandeira Ana Maria , Gonçalo Vítor
Published: December 2017

O presente estudo pretende demonstrar que as alterações introduzidas no regime jurídico do direito ao reembolso, na reforma do Código Cooperativo português de 2015, não são suficientes para afastar a qualificação contabilística do capital social cooperativo como um passivo financeiro. Esta qualificação decorre da sujeição das cooperativas às normas internacionais de contabilidade, com particular destaque para a IAS 32. A relevância prática desta questão é demonstrada por um estudo empírico que analisa os efeitos que a aplicação do atual enquadramento contabilístico tem nas cooperativas vitivinícolas da Região Demarcada do Douro. Conclui-se defendendo uma intervenção legislativa que permita a sujeição das cooperativas a um tratamento contabilístico específico e diferenciado, e que respeite a caraterística da variabilidade do capital social, decorrente do direito ao reembolso das entradas em caso de demissão do cooperador, ao abrigo do princípio cooperativo da adesão voluntária e livre.Recibido: 29 noviembre 2016Aceptado: 01 septiembre 2017Publicación en línea: 22 diciembre 2017