bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing High-Speed Serial Links for Multicore Processors and Network Interfaces
Authors: Aravindsundeep Musunuri  , Shalu Jain  , Akshun Chhapola
Published: September 2024

In modern computing environments, high-speed serial links have become a critical component for ensuring efficient data transfer between multicore processors and network interfaces. These links, characterized by their ability to transmit data at very high rates over single or multiple lanes, are essential for meeting the increasing bandwidth demands of contemporary applications. The optimization of these serial links is crucial for maintaining performance, reliability, and energy efficiency in systems that leverage multicore processors and advanced network interfaces. This paper explores the key strategies for optimizing high-speed serial links in the context of multicore processors and network interfaces. We begin by examining the architectural considerations and design principles that influence the performance of serial links, including signal integrity, power consumption, and thermal management. We also discuss the impact of link speed and data encoding techniques on overall system efficiency. One of the central challenges in optimizing high-speed serial links is managing signal integrity across different operating conditions. Techniques such as equalization and adaptive filtering are essential for mitigating the effects of signal degradation due to channel impairments and crosstalk. The paper provides a detailed analysis of these techniques, including their implementation in both hardware and software.
Reducing Technical Debt through Strategic Leadership in Retail Technology Systems
Authors: Chandrasekhara Mokkapati  , Shalu Jain  , Pandi Kirupa Gopalakrishna Pandian
Published: September 2024

In the fast-paced and highly competitive landscape of retail, the management of technical debt has become a critical challenge for organizations striving to maintain robust and scalable technology systems. Technical debt, the accumulated cost of prioritizing quick fixes or suboptimal solutions over more sustainable and efficient options, can significantly hinder an organization's ability to innovate, adapt, and grow. This paper explores the role of strategic leadership in effectively reducing technical debt within retail technology systems. By examining key leadership strategies, such as fostering a culture of continuous improvement, investing in long-term technology planning, and emphasizing cross-functional collaboration, the paper highlights how retail organizations can systematically address and mitigate technical debt.Strategic leadership in the retail sector involves a comprehensive understanding of both business and technological imperatives. Leaders must recognize the implications of technical debt not only in terms of immediate financial costs but also in the broader context of business agility, customer experience, and competitive advantage. The paper emphasizes the need for leaders to adopt a proactive approach, prioritizing technical debt reduction as a strategic objective that aligns with the organization's overall goals.One of the central arguments of the paper is that effective technical debt management requires a shift from reactive to proactive leadership.
Agile Methodologies in Mobile App Development for Real-Time Data Processing
Authors: Vijay Bhasker Reddy Bhimanapati  , Shalu Jain  , Anshika Aggarwal
Published: September 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of mobile app development, the need for real-time data processing has become increasingly critical. Traditional software development methodologies often struggle to keep pace with the dynamic requirements and quick turnarounds demanded by modern mobile applications. Agile methodologies, with their emphasis on iterative development, flexibility, and close collaboration, offer a promising solution for meeting these demands. This paper explores the integration of Agile methodologies in the development of mobile applications specifically designed for real-time data processing.
Agile approaches, including Scrum, Kanban, and Extreme Programming (XP), are evaluated for their effectiveness in addressing the challenges of real-time data processing in mobile apps. The study emphasizes the importance of continuous feedback, rapid prototyping, and adaptive planning in ensuring that mobile applications can efficiently process and deliver data in real time. Furthermore, the paper discusses how Agile's incremental delivery model allows development teams to respond swiftly to changing user needs and technological advancements, thereby enhancing the overall performance and user experience of mobile apps.
Brain morphometry and short-term stroke outcome
Authors: Smolko Dmytro , Bartiuk Roman , Zheliba Lesia , Marunkevych Yaroslava , Gordiichuk Olga , Starynets Natalia , Olkhova Iryna
Published: September 2024

Aim: The aim of the research was to investigate associations between brain morphometric changes and short-term stroke outcome.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 294 patients with acute stroke were enrolled. All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) assessment as well as clinical-neurological and cognitive testing.
Results: In the multivariable regression analysis, bicaudate index (OR = 1.3; 95 % CI 1.1 - 1.7, p=0.018) and ventricular index (OR = 0.7; CI 0.5 - 0.9, p=0.005) were associated with an unfavourable short-term stroke outcome. The univariable regression analysis revealed significant associations between mini-mental state examination scale score (MMSE) and width of the longitudinal cerebral fissure in the anterior part of the frontal lobes (FI) (b -0.8, 95% CI -1.6 – -0.1, p=0.037) as well as width of the cerebral fissure in the area of the skull vault (SW) (b -0.9, 95% CI -1.8 – -0.1, p=0.023). In the multivariable regression model bicaudate index was associated with MMSE score (b coefficient (b) = -1.2; 95 % CI -2.1 – -0.3, p = 0.011).
Conclusions: our results show that altered brain morphometric indices are associated with unfavourable short-term stroke outcome and cognitive decline.
Dynamics of changes in proteins of the acute phase of inflammation in the postoperative period in patients with disseminated peritonitis
Authors: Bilyayeva Olga , Karol Ivan , Kryzhevsky Vadim , Osadchay Oksana
Published: September 2024

Aim: To determine the effect of the developed complex treatment of patients with peritonitis on the dynamics of humoral factors of nonspecific reactivity in the course of the disease.
Materials and Methods: The study included 124 patients with toxic and terminal stages of peritonitis, who were divided into 3 groups. Group I (main) included 39 patients whose complex treatment included cytochrome C. Group II (main) included 41 patients whose complex treatment included cytochrome C and a solution containing levocarnitine and arginine hydrochloride. The comparison group comprised 44 patients who did not receive the specified drugs. The patients underwent determination of the levels of fibronectin, ceruloplasmin, and procalcitonin in the serum during the course of the disease.
Results: In patients of the I and II main groups, the use of the proposed treatment contributed to the optimization of the production of acute phase proteins: a decrease in procalcitonin production during the study, optimization of ceruloplasmin and fibronectin production, especially in the II main group. In patients of the comparison group, decompensation in the production of humoral inflammatory factors was determined, associated with a significant increase in fibronectin production, a decrease in ceruloplasmin content, and an increase in procalcitonin throughout the entire period.
Conclusions: The use of cytochrome C and a solution containing levocarnitine and arginine hydrochloride in the complex treatment of patients with disseminated peritonitis helps to optimize the production of acute phase proteins, which leads to a decrease in inflammation and the preservation of factors of nonspecific humoral activity at a subcompensated level.
Results of microbiological study of dental biofilm in generalized periodontitis against the background of different body reactivity
Authors: Yarov Yuriy Yu. , Tkachenko Irina M. , Skripnikov Petro M. , Hurzhii Olena V. , Kozak Ruslan V.
Published: September 2024

Aim: To study the spectrum, frequency of isolation and level of colonization of dental biofilm with microorganisms in generalized periodontitis against the background of different body reactivity.
Materials and Methods: 216 people with the diagnosis of generalized periodontitis. Depending on the state of reactivity of the organism, the patients were divided into 3 groups: with normo-, hyper- and with hyporeaction. The patients underwent patch surgery. After the surgery, dental biofilm was taken. Microbiological studies included the isolation and species identification of dental biofilm microorganisms, the results of quantitative studies of microflora: the level of colonization was expressed in colony-forming units per 1 ml (CFU/ml); the frequency of microorganisms isolation was expressed in absolute numbers. Statistical processing of the obtained digital data was performed using the computer program Statistica 8.0.
Results: The studies have shown that in different states of the body’s reactivityi n patients with generalized periodontitis after flap surgery, different quantitative and qualitative composition of the microflora of the dental biofilm is determined. In case of normal body reactivity, there are predominantly aerobic-anaerobic associations with a wide range and quantitative predominance of aerobic microflora; in case of impaired (hyper- and hypo-) reactivity, there are predominantly aerobic-anaerobic associations with an expansion of the spectrum, frequency of isolation and level of colonization of facultative and obligate anaerobes.
Conclusions: The identified differences in the quantitative and qualitative composition of the microflora of the dental biofilm indicate the key role of the body’s reactivity in the studied processes.
Xylate effect on the renal toxicological function with diabetes mellitus complicated by endogenous intoxication syndrome of purulent-septic genesis
Authors: Konovchuk Viktor , Andrushchak Andrii , Kushnir Sergij , Stoliar Denys , Moroz Petro
Published: September 2024

Aim: To study xylate effect on the renal toxin-excreting function with diabetes mellitus (DM) complicated by endogenous intoxication syndrome of purulentseptic genesis.
Materials and Methods: The effect of infusions with sorbilact or Ringer’s solution in the regimen 3 ml/kg/hour during 3 hours on toxin-excreting function of the kidneys in patients with type 2 DM complicated by EIS is studied.
Results: In the period of the research, xylate increased cleaning blood plasma (extracellular water space) from the total toxicity by 6,0±1,9 ml/min (230±72,3%, Δ р<0,05). Ringer’s solution infusion in the fragment of intensive care of the same group of patients (n=53) was determined by increase of clearance of toxic substances by 4,3±1,2 ml/min (165±46,0%, Δ р<0,05). At the same time, xylate infusion decreased the total blood plasma toxicity by 22±4,6 IU/ml (14±2,9%, Δ р<0,05), and Ringer’s solution – by 12±3,9 IU/ml (7±2,2%, Δ р Ringer’s solution) in patients with Type 2 DM complicated by endogenous intoxication syndrome of purulent-septic genesis. At the same time, xylate infusion reduced the total plasma toxicity by 22±4.6 IU/ml (14±2.9%, Δ p<0.05), Ringer’s solution - by 12±3.9 IU/ml (7±2.2%, Δ p<0.05).
Conclusions: Infusion therapy solutions (xylate, Ringer’s solution) within the study regimen (3 ml/kg/h for three hours) activate the renal excreting function and reduce the level of toxemia (xylate > Ringer’s solution) in patients with Type 2 DM complicated by endogenous intoxication syndrome of purulent-septic genesis. At the same time, xylate infusion reduced the total plasma toxicity by 22±4.6 IU/ml (14±2.9%, Δ p<0.05), Ringer’s solution - by 12±3.9 IU/ml (7±2.2%, Δ p<0.05).
Comprehensive morphological study of free radical processes in chronic chorioamnionitis on the background of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy
Authors: Ilika Vitalii V. , Garvasiuk Oleksandra V. , Dogolich Oleksandra І. , Malaiko Serhii S. , Batih Iryna V.
Published: September 2024

Aim: To establish the features of free radical processes in the endotheliocytes of the chorionic plate of the placenta in chronic chorioamnionitis against the background of iron deficiency anemia of pregnant women using both chemiluminescent and histochemical methods of research.
Materials and Methods: 82 placentas from parturients at 37 – 40 weeks of gestation were studied. Including, for comparison, the placenta during physiological pregnancy and the observation of iron deficiency anemia of pregnant women without inflammation of the placenta. The number of observations in specific study groups is given in the tables. To achieve the objective and solve the tasks set in this study, there were carried out the following histochemical, chemiluminescent, morphometric and statistical methods of material processing.
Results: In case of chorionamnionitis against the background of anemia in pregnancy, the R/B ratio (R/B - ratio between amino- (blue) and carboxyl (red) groups of proteins)) in the method with bromophenol blue according to Mikel Calvo was 1.56±0.021, indicators of chemiluminescence of nitroperoxides were 133±4.5, relative optical density units of histochemical staining using the method according to A. Yasuma and T. Ichikawa was - 0.224±0.0015
Conclusions: With chronic chorioamnionitis, the intensity of the glow of nitroperoxides, the average indicators of the R/B ratio, and the optical density of histochemical staining for free amino groups of proteins are increased compared to placentas of physiological pregnancy and anemia of pregnant women. Comorbid i anemia of pregnant women causes increasing of the intensity of the glow of nitroperoxides, the average values of the R/B ratio, and the optical density of histochemical staining for free amino groups of proteins comparing to placentas with inflammation without anemia. The key factor in the formation of morphological features of chronic chorioamnionitis with comorbid anemia is the intensification of free radical processes, which is reflected by the increase in the concentration of nitroperoxides in the center of inflammation, with the subsequent intensification of the processes of oxidative modification of proteins, which is followed by the increasing activity of the processes of limited proteolysis.
Histological and immunohistochemical features of the placenta associated with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Manasova Gulsym S. , Stasy Yana A. , Kaminsky Vyacheslav V. , Gladchuk Igor Z. , Nitochko Ekaterina A.
Published: September 2024

Aim: To make a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data on the study of histological and immunohistochemical features of the placenta in women who had acute coronavirus infection associated with SARS-CoV-2 (“Covid” placentas) during pregnancy.
Materials and Methods: The search for literature data is based on the PRISMA methodology); the MEDLINE database (PubMed®) was searched using Medical Subject Headings terms from January 2020 to July 2023. The project was registered in the Open Sience Frame (Project Identifier: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/GDR3S, Registration DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/H2KPU). Preference was given to studies in which the description of placentas met the requirements of the Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group Consensus Statement.
Results: A total of 31 studies were included; the number of participants whose morphological and histological description of the placentas could be subjected to meta-analysis was 2401, respectively, in the group with a “Covid” history and 1910 – conditionally healthy pregnant women. Pathological changes in the placental complex were not detected in 42±19.62% of pregnant women with a history of Covid. Immunohistochemical examination of placentas preferably focuses on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein or ACE2. According to currently available studies, in the placentas of women who have had COVID-19 during pregnancy, there are no pathognomic histological patterns specific to this infection and direct damage to the placenta is rarely observed. Histological patterns in “covid” placentas are isolated, most often a combination of lesions in both the maternal and fetal malperfusion.
Conclusions: According to currently available studies, in the placentas of women who have had COVID-19 during pregnancy, there are no pathognomic histological patterns specific to this infection and direct damage to the placenta is rarely observed. The probability of infection of the intrauterine fetus by the transplacental hematogenous route is the lowest compared to other routes, which, in our opinion, is a possible explanation for the high frequency of MVM without subsequent infection of the fetus.
Small airways response to bronchodilators as the marker of the uncontrolled asthma in children
Authors: Rechkina Olena , Opimakh Svitlana , Kravtsova Oksana
Published: September 2024

Aim: To develop the criteria of small airways response to bronchodilators (by spirometry indices maximal expiratory flow (MEF50 and MEF25) as the markers of uncontrolled asthma course.
Materials and Methods: The study involved 92 participants (64 boys and 28 girls) aged 6 to 17 years (60 were less than 12 years old) with diagnosed asthma. Asthma control was assessed with the use of Asthma Control Test and Asthma Control Questionnaire. Spirometry and bronchodilator responsiveness testing were performed for all participants.
Results: Mostly, the studied children had a normal level of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), even at unsatisfactory symptoms control. The indicators of the medium and small airways patency were significantly worse in uncontrolled asthma children even in normal FEV1. Among children, the lack of asthma control can be caused by small airways obstruction in up to 80% cases. Among children who need the high dose inhaled corticosteroids treatment 93.3% have uncontrolled asthma with small airways obstruction. We found out that MEF50 and MEF25 could be the signs of the reversibility of bronchial obstruction and uncontrolled asthma with high sensitivity and specificity.
Conclusions: Indices MEF50 and MEF25 allow detecting the small airways obstruction and their reversibility as a mark of uncontrolled asthma (MEF25 has a higher diagnostic value). In case of MEF50 and/or MEF25 increasing for 22% or 25% accordingly in bronchodilator test in children, the asthma should be considered uncontrolled.
Association between rs1799983 polymorphism of eNOS gene and essential hypertension in Iraqi hypertensive patients
Authors: Salman Ghufran K. , Mohammad Bassim I. , Saheb Hussein A. , Sultan Ahmed M. , Kadhim Sinaa Abdul Amir , Swadi Asma A.
Published: September 2024

Aim: To investigate allele frequencies of rs1799983 polymorphism eNOS genes and to determine association between rs1799983 polymorphism of eNOS gene and essential hypertension in Iraqi hypertensive patients.
Materials and Methods: This is an observational cross sectional descriptive single center study. ninety hypertensive patients were recruited by specialist cardiologist and conducted at AL-Diwaniyah teaching hospital and department of pharmacology and therapeutics, college of medicine, university of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq. DNA samples were genotyped by PCR-tetra-arm method. NO level was measured by using ELISA kit.
Results: Regarding rs1799983 the most frequent allele was G (73%) and the most frequent genotype was GG (55%). Our results indicate lack of substantial link between genotype frequencies of rs1799983 polymorphism and NO level (p=0.88) and thereby there is no statistically significant effect on SBP and DBP (p = 0.051).
Conclusions: our study demonstrated lack of significant association between this polymorphism and essential hypertension in Iraqi hypertensive patients.
The private-legal nature of the application of the methods of assisted reproductive technologies in Ukraine
Authors: Nadon Viktoriia V. , Isaiev Arsen N. , Ruban Olena O. , Brovchenko Tetiana I.
Published: September 2024

Aim: Analyze the legislation, judicial practice of Ukraine and EU countries, scientific views on surrogacy, as well as the procedure for legal regulation and registration of the procedure of surrogacy.
Materials and Methods: The following materials were used to write the scientific work: the practice of a number of countries was analyzed; scientific works have been studied; some methods of assisted reproductive technologies are described; the practice of the European Court of Human Rights is analyzed. When conducting the research, a methodology was used that embodies an interdisciplinary approach, which allows for a systematic analysis of theoretical and practical aspects of legal relations arising from the provision of medical services.
Conclusions: At the legislative level, the provision of medical services (surrogate motherhood services) is partially regulated, therefore the basis of the legal relationship between the performers (surrogate mother) and the customers (genetic parents) is the contract concluded and signed by the parties on the provision of surrogate motherhood services. A contract in defined legal relations is a source of law. This contract is bilateral, paid and consensual.
Healthcare accessibility in the prison environment: oral health
Authors: Fiegler-Rudol Jakub , Migas Matuesz , Budzik Maciej , Hochuł Dawid , Odrzywolska Olga , Doroz Patrycja , Zawadzka Kaja , Niemczyk Stanisław
Published: September 2024

This article aims to assess the importance of caring for oral health among prisoners, as an often-overlooked aspect of general health well-being in prisons. The incidence of oral disease among prisoners compared to the general population is much higher due to many factors such as limited access to dental care, unhealthy lifestyles and overcrowded cells. The research review confirms the need to increase access to dental care and promote hygiene awareness among inmates. Differences between genders and the impact of the length of the sentence on oral health are also pointed out.
Comprehensive management of pericoronitis in lower third molars: extraction, operculectomy, and coronectomy approaches
Authors: Rolek Agnieszka , Pławecki Piotr
Published: September 2024

Pericoronitis is a common dental condition involving the inflammation of soft tissues around a partially erupted wisdom tooth, typically the lower third molars. It is most frequently diagnosed in young adults aged 20-29, with a higher prevalence in women. The condition often results from the accumulation of bacteria and food debris under the operculum, leading to infection and inflammation. Common symptoms include localized pain, gum swelling, trismus, and sometimes pus discharge. This study aims to discuss the types of clinical management of pericoronitis of the lower third molar as described in the literatureTooth extraction eliminates the source of inflammation, providing long-term relief but carries a higher risk of inferior alveolar nerve damage and greater postoperative discomfort compared to other methods.This minimally invasive procedure removes the gingival cap to prevent food and bacteria accumulation. It is suitable for patients with good oral hygiene and proper tooth angulation. Electrosurgery and laser methods reduce bleeding and swelling but have contraindications. Coronectomy, an alternative to extraction, avoids nerve damage by leaving the roots in place. Suitable for non-carious, pathology-free teeth, it shows lower risk of sensory disturbances and postoperative complications, though root migration may occur. Pericoronitis requires personalized treatment based on patient condition and tooth positioning. Thorough diagnostics and tailored approaches are crucial for effective management and improved outcomes.
Moroccan EFL Teachers’ Beliefs about the Potential Contribution of Multilingualism to the L3 English Classroom: To What Extent Is Multilingualism an Asset to L3 English Learners?
Authors: Ait Hammou Yassine , Trimasse Naima , Elghazi Mohamed
Published: September 2024

The current study set out to investigate Moroccan English language teachers’ educational beliefs about the potential of multilingualism for the L3 English classroom. Utilizing a mixed-method approach of investigation, this study employs two instruments to collect data: questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. An online questionnaire was completed by 169 teacher informants who participated in this study, 20 of whom were selected for the semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Findings revealed that teacher participants generally exhibited partial/moderate awareness of the usefulness of multilingualism to the L3 English classroom as they held moderate positive educational beliefs about its potential for fostering their multilingual learners’ L3 English. Hence, this study suggests that Moroccan L3 English teachers be encouraged to take maximum advantage of their students’ multilingualism in a way that is beneficial to their L3 English learners. Teacher education has a significant role in positively shaping L3 English teachers’ educational beliefs in that respect.
Pengaruh Persepsi Harga dan Brand Awareness terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Sabun Mandi Merek Lifebuoy
Authors: Mulyani Sri , Murni Yanti , Putri Maharani
Published: September 2024

The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the research results, it was obtained that the multiple linear equation Y= 6.554 + 0.538X1+ 0.306X2. Based on the results of the t test, the price perception variable (X1) has a positive and significant effect on the decision to purchase Lifebuoy brand bath soap (5.688 > 1.66298) with a significance level of 0.000 (0.000 1.66298) with a significance level of 0.010 (0.010 3.11) with a significant level (0.000 < 0.05), it can be stated that price perception (X1) and brand awareness (X2) simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on soap purchasing decisions. Lifebuoy brand bath in Nagari Koto Dalam Barat, Padang Sago District. The magnitude of the influence of price perception and brand awareness on the decision to purchase Lifebuoy bath soap is 52.7%, while the remaining 47.3% is influenced by other than the model studied.
Global Citizenship Education: Towards a Critical Moral Pedagogy
Authors: Auh Yoonil , Kim Chanmi
Published: September 2024

This study explores the implementation of critical moral pedagogy (CMP) within Global Citizenship Education (GCED) in two schools and a community center in Seoul, South Korea. Over the course of a semester, a mixed-method approach was utilized, encompassing qualitative interviews with educators, focus groups with students, participant observations, and quantitative surveys. By analyzing diverse educational settings, the research uncovers common challenges and effective strategies for integrating CMP within GCED. The findings underscore the significance of context-specific GCED curricula and the value of strong researcher-school collaborations in enhancing students' global citizenship awareness, critical thinking skills, and social justice orientation. This study provides valuable insights for educators seeking to inspire transformative actions and advance a more equitable and sustainable world.
Navigating Climate Change and Sustainability Solutions: Nigeria's Role in International Environmental Law
Authors: Akindele Adeniyi , Chabinga Rhodah
Published: September 2024

Over the past three decades, the world has witnessed multidimensional impacts of climate change, thus emphasizing the critical urgency for climate action, and promoting sustainability. Africa is reported to disproportionately suffer the consequences of climate change. These consequences such as flooding; droughts and rising temperatures require the adoption of an environmental foreign policy to foster environmental sustainability and cross-sectoral climate resilience. As Africa’s most populous nation and second-largest oil producer significant to global oil supply, Nigeria occupies a unique and distinct position in the global climate discourse. However, despite credibly being a signatory to international bodies such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Nigeria needs an effective environmental foreign policy to attain the globally desired sustainability and climate resilience. Therefore, this paper delves into Nigeria’s commitment to international environmental law of key international agreements, such as the Paris Agreement, in response to the threatening climate change crisis. The paper recognizes Nigeria as a leading contributor to greenhouse gas emissions in Africa, driving it to develop some national environmental policies that support renewable energy production and sustainability. However, most of the policies seem ineffective. This is because the country needs help with challenges ranging from political interference, corruption, unrealistic emission targets, overreliance on fossil fuels, and other socioeconomic factors. The study highlights the potential of Nigeria, the giant of Africa, in leading regional climate negotiations by localizing international environmental foreign policy and developing a strengthened legal framework to guide the African continent to sustainable development. The perspective of this paper is to encourage Nigeria to meet its sustainability objectives while fulfilling its international environmental obligations by exploring its abundant renewable energy resources such as solar, wind, and hydropower
Analysis of Technical Efficiency of Fertilizer Subsidy Program in Coffee Farming, A Case study of Kenya
Authors: Mathagu Samuel Wandeto
Published: September 2024

Fertilizer subsidy program is used to boost productivity by availing fertilizer to farmers at a cheaper price than the market price. This research sought to determine the technical efficiency of fertilizer subsidy program on coffee farming in Kenya. Coffee is a major cash crop of small-scale farmers, which has been experiencing declining productivity. The study adopted non-experimental cross-section research design. The study was carried out in Mukurwe-ini Sub-County, in Nyeri country, Kenya. Structured questionnaire were used to collect primary data from coffee farmers. Stochastic frontier production function (SFA) was used to evaluate the technical efficiency of coffee farming by analysing the relationship between coffee inputs and outputs. The SFA results revealed that fertilizer subsidy has a significant effect on technical efficiency. The technical efficiency for the individual farmers was found to range between 10.44% and 95.15% with a mean of 77.87%. The results revealed that about 76% of the coffee farmers were operating above 70 percent or more technical efficiency levels. Additionally, about 94% of the coffee farmers were operating at a technical efficiency level of above 50%. The coffee cooperative societies had variance in their technical efficiency - Rumukia at 80.65%, Ruthaka at 76.12%, Rugi at 79.97% and Gikaru at 79.24%. Technical inefficiency was found to be significantly influenced by age of the farmers and cooperative societies’ management. The study recommends development of inclusive policies that address income disparities among coffee farmers, improvement of cooperative societies’ management, and enhancing farmers’ trainings
Assessment of the Efficiency of Problematic Animal Interventions in Mitigating Human-Wildlife Conflicts in Uganda: A Case Study of Lake Mburo National Park
Authors: Kembabazi Immaculate , Ssenfuma Robert , Twinamatsiko Medard , Muchunguzi Charles , Tinkasimire Rogers , Nuwagira Upton
Published: September 2024

Human-wildlife conflict is a significant challenge in Uganda, particularly in areas where human populations and wildlife habitats overlap. This study examines the efficiency of various interventions aimed at mitigating human wildlife conflicts in and around Lake Mburo National Park, a region renowned for its rich biodiversity and diverse ecosystems. Lake Mburo National Park is surrounded by agricultural and pastoralist communities that frequently experience crop raiding, livestock predation, and threats to human safety from wildlife. Various interventions, including physical barriers, deterrents, translocation of problematic animals, and community engagement initiatives, have been implemented to address these conflicts. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods, including field observations, community surveys, and analysis of intervention outcomes. A total of 125 households were interviewed across several parishes of Rurambira, Rwamuhuku, Rwabarata, Kizimbi, Kashojwa and Rwetango in Kiruhura and Isingiro districts. The findings indicate that the majority of respondents have lived in the area for over 20 years, providing them with extensive knowledge of local wildlife interactions. The results highlight that hippos (76%) are the most problematic animals, primarily causing crop damage, which significantly impacts local livelihoods. The study reveals that guarding property (98%), though stressful and time-consuming, is the most effective and commonly used intervention. Other measures, such as strong shelters, trapping, translocation, and various deterrents, show varying degrees of effectiveness depending on the species involved. The study concludes that understanding the species-specific and context-specific effectiveness of these interventions is crucial for developing sustainable strategies to mitigate HWC. The insights gained from this research can inform future conflict mitigation strategies and contribute to the broader discourse on human-wildlife coexistence in Uganda and similar settings worldwide
Production of Chitosan from Crab Shells
Authors: Osemba Martin Ouma , Muriuki-Hutchins Mary , Karenga Samuel , Keru Godfrey
Published: September 2024

The amino polysaccharide of chitin polymer happens to be the most commonly known polymer. Chitosan as a derivative of chitin is obtained through demineralization and deacetylation. Owing to the special properties of chitin and chitosan for instance their bio-compatibility, bio-biodegradability, non-toxicity and also capability to form films, have resulted in their suitability in chemical and thermal conductivity applications. In the field of nanotechnology, chitosan-based materials are currently being widely applied. The purpose of this review is to synthesize and characterize chitosan obtained from the crab shells. The absorption band obtained from FTIR between 1220 cm−1 and 1020 cm−1 represented free amino group (−NH2). The 40.000 grams of powdered crab shells resulted in the formation of 23.000g of chitin after undergoing the process of demineralization to eliminate the minerals available in the crab shells. The removed minerals from the crab shells constituted 17.000 g (39.53%) of the total dry weight in the crab shell. The water binding capacity (WBC) was found to be 69 %.
BRAND LOKAL AEROSTREET MEMBANGUN BRANDING IMAGE MELALUI TIKTOK
Authors: Verdiansyaf Abdi , Satika Lesmana Cindy , Febriansyah Reydho
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana brand lokal Aerostreet membangun branding image melalui platform media sosial TikTok. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskrptif. Penelitian ini akan diawali dengan tinjauan Pustaka untuk memahami konteks dan kerangka teoritis yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi serta analisis konten media sosial TikTok Aerostreet. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan untuk mengetahui hasil dari penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Aerostreet telah berhasil membangun branding image yang positif melalui platform media sosial TikTok. Brand ini mampu menjangkau target audiensnya dengan tepat, yaitu anak muda yang aktif dan kreatif. Konten TikTok Aerostreet yang menarik dan menghibur telah berhasil menarik perhatian pengguna dan meningkatkan brand awareness. Selain itu, Aerostreet juga berhasil membangun engagement dengan penggunanya melalui berbagai aktivitas interaktif, seperti challenge dan giveaway. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi pada mata kuliah Periklanan serta memiliki implikasi praktis dalam pemahaman lebih baik tentang bagaimana membangun branding image melalaui platform media sosial TikTok.
STRATEGI MEMBENTUK AKHLAK DAN SIKAP KEAGAMAAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN PENDIDIKAN MORAL
Authors: Sabri Yuli , Santoso Budi
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui cara strategi yang efektif daklam membentuk akhlak dan sikap keagamaan melalui pendekatan Pendidikan moral. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif berorientasi eksploratif yang berusaha menganalisis masalah penelitian dari sumber bacaan dengan menerapkan analisis isi. Peneliti menggunakan penelitian kualitatif untuk mengkaji hasil penelitian terdahulu dan untuk menginterpretasikan suatu fenomena secara ilmiah. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik dokumentasi dari berbagai jurnal, prosiding, berita online, dan buku-buku yang relevan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dengan adanya peran kearifan lokal dalam membangun identitas buday dan kebangsaan memiliki potensi sebagai pembentuk karakter dan jadi diri dari budaya tertentu dan kebangsaan.  Hasil penelitian ini adalah dengan adanya strategi atau cara yang efektif dalam membentuk akhlak dan sikap keagamaan melalui pendekatan Pendidikan moral merupakn salah satu cara yang atau strategi yang bisa digunkan pendidik dalam proses pembelajaran. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah menunjukkan bahwa strategi pendekatan Pendidikan moral memiliki peran penting dalam pembentukan akhlak dan sikap keagamaan peserta didik. Keterbatasan dalam peneitian ini adalah kurang nya ketersediaan data dalam menganalisis bagaimana strategi yang efektif daklam membentuk akhlak dan sikap keagamaan melalui pendekatan Pendidikan moral. Harapan peneliti terhadap peneliti selanjutnya yaitu agar peneliti selanjutnya dapat lebih mampu mengembangkan dan menjelaskan secara jelas dan juga rinci terkait strategi yang efektif daklam membentuk akhlak dan sikap keagamaan melalui pendekatan Pendidikan moral sesuai dengan menganalisis data-data yang ada secara berkala.
AKREDITASI SEBAGAI UPAYA PENJAMINAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN DI MADRASAH (PENELITIAN DI LINGKUNGAN KANTOR KEMENTERIAN AGAMA KABUPATEN PANDEGLANG)
Authors: Muslihah Eneng , E. Syarifudin  , Budiarjo  , Nurlelah  , Purnomo Mulyosaputro
Published: September 2024

Proses akreditasi merupakan langkah krusial dalam menjamin mutu pendidikan di madrasah, dilakukan oleh Badan Akreditasi Nasional Sekolah atau Madrasah. Penilaian mencakup delapan standar nasional pendidikan: kualitas lulusan, kurikulum, proses pembelajaran, pemanfaatan sarana dan prasarana, tenaga pengajar, pembiayaan, dan manajemen sekolah. Tujuan utamanya adalah memastikan madrasah memenuhi standar optimal untuk kualitas pendidikan. Tahun 2023, terdapat 140 madrasah jenjang MI, MTs dan MA di Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Pandeglang yang menjadi sasaran akreditasi. Dari 140 madrasah sasaran akreditasi tahun 2023, yang dilakukan visitasi akreditasi hanya 49 madrasah atau 35% sisanya mendapatkan perpanjangan secara otomatis. Dari 49 madrasah yang divisitasi, 10 madrasah (20,41%) meraih predikat "A" (Unggul), 33 madrasah (67,35%) memperoleh predikat "B" (Baik), dan 6 madrasah (12,24%) mendapat predikat "C" (Cukup) dan tidak ada madrasah yang tidak terakreditasi (TT). Perpanjangan sertifikat akreditasi tahun 2023 diberikan kepada 91 madrasah atau 65% dari total sasaran akreditasi tahun 2023. Peringkat akreditasi yang diberikan pada madrasah yang menjadi target perpanjangan sertifikat akreditasi sama dengan sertifikat akreditasi 5 tahun sebelumnya. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa madrasah yang mendapat perpanjangan akreditasi tidak terjadi peningkatan mutu pendidikan selama lima tahun terakhir, dengan sebagian besar madrasah memperoleh predikat "Cukup" (58,24%). Ini menandakan terdapat tantangan dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Pandeglang. Penting untuk responsif dan proaktif terhadap hasil akreditasi, mengingat mayoritas madrasah sasaran akreditasi tahun 2023 mempertahankan peringkat akreditasi sebelumnya. Diperlukan refleksi mendalam terhadap upaya peningkatan mutu dan identifikasi area yang perlu diperbaiki untuk mencapai peningkatan signifikan di masa mendatang.
INSTITUTE OF SUCCESSION IN CIVIL LAW AND ITS APPLICATION
Authors:   Professor of Samarkand state university, PhD in Law, Uzbekistan, Shukurillaevich Gulomov Akmaljon
Published: September 2024

Relations that arise in social life are regulated by a number of institutions of various legal fields. In particular, in the field of civil law, there are such relations that arise and are formed between the subjects of civil law, whose development is ensured by the legal heirs of the participating parties due to the occurrence of a specific life situation. This institution is called succession in civilization. This article examines the definition of the institution of succession, the issues of universal and singular legal succession, and their application in civil law. In particular, succession is the phenomenon of transfer of property rights and obligations from one person to another person directly on the basis of law or contract. Legal succession can be universal or singular. In universal legal succession, the totality of all rights and obligations belonging to one person is transferred to the second person. For example, when several legal entities are merged, it can be seen that all the rights and obligations of the predecessors are transferred to the newly established legal entity in the order of universal succession. Singular succession means the transfer of rights to a certain part of the property, not the whole. The institution of succession is widely used in relations involving citizens and legal entities.
Problemlösestrategien für Kombinatorikaufgaben – eine Online-Lernumgebung für Primarschulstudierende
Authors: Schulz Andreas , Voermanek Johannes
Published: September 2024

The presented online learning environment for prospective primary school teachers on combinatorics realizes a process-oriented perspective on the mathematization of tasks specific to primary schools. Strategies for solving combinatorics problems are taught and reflected upon. The students acquire a subject-specific understanding of combinatorics and learn generally applicable mathematical problem-solving strategies. The primary school-specific design is intended to support the subsequent transfer of the strategies developed into the students' own teaching. The article is supplemented by evaluation results with 207 third semester students. Vorgestellt wird eine Online-Lernumgebung zur Kombinatorik für angehende Primarschullehrpersonen, welche in einer prozessorientierten Perspektive besonderen Wert auf das Mathematisieren primarschulspezifischer Aufgabenstellungen legt. Dafür werden Strategien zur Lösung von Kombinatorikaufgaben vermittelt und reflektiert. Hierbei erarbeiten sich Studierende sowohl ein fachliches Verständnis zur Kombinatorik als auch, generell anwendbare, mathematische Problemlösestrategien. Die primarschulspezifische Ausgestaltung soll einen späteren Transfer der erarbeiteten Strategien in die eigene Unterrichtsgestaltung mit Schülerinnen und Schülern unterstützen. Ergänzt wird der Beitrag durch Evaluationsbefunde mit 207 Drittsemesterstudierenden.
Legal regulation of sports relations in Ukraine at the current stage
Authors: SUKHENKO Andrii
Published: September 2024

The paper is devoted to the study of topical issues of sports law, which allow us to consider it as an industry that has signs of relative independence and is characterized by the complexity of norms. The domestic normative and legal framework for the regulation of sports relations is analyzed. The opinions of specific researchers regarding the prospects for the development of public administration of physical culture and sports, regarding views on the underdeveloped system of norms in this field and the problem of further adaptation of legislation to such changes are analyzed. Sports law is a fairly young branch of the Ukrainian legal system. The need for the development of this field is determined by the fact that sport, like any other sphere of social relations, needs qualified lawyers who understand its specifics. Legal regulation of relations in various spheres of social life has undergone drastic changes in connection with full-scale aggression. The introduction of martial law in Ukraine and the extension of the period of martial law made adjustments in the field of physical culture and sports. At the current stage, the formation of regulatory and legal support for the development of physical culture and sports in Ukraine continues, which is characterized by the legal regulation of relations through the adoption of legislative and regulatory documents, decisions of state bodies, and the development and implementation of target complex programs. However, the main problems related to the need for a quick response to political, economic and other socio-legal changes in the world and in Ukraine, taking into account the available opportunities for the implementation of state policy in the field of physical culture, need to be solved.
Review of judicial practices of the civil court of cassation as part of the supreme court regarding the consideration of complaints on the actions or inactions of a private/government executive during the execution of court decisions in civil cases
Authors: ADAMCHUK Nazarii
Published: September 2024

The paper is devoted to the study of the judicial practice of cassation appeals of court decisions, namely the analysis of the judicial practice of the civil court of cassation as part of the Supreme Court regarding the consideration of complaints about the actions or inaction of a private/state executor during the execution of court decisions in civil cases. The main grounds for canceling or changing court decisions in the process of consideration of the specified category of cases have been determined. The analysis makes it possible to single out procedural errors, which form the basis for the cancellation of decisions of previous instances. A person who did not take part in the case, if the court decided the issue of his rights, freedoms, interests and (or) obligations, has the right to file a cassation appeal against the court decision only after it has been reviewed in the appellate procedure according to his appeal. After the opening of cassation proceedings based on the cassation complaint of a person who did not participate in the case, but the court decided the issue of his rights, freedoms, interests and (or) duties, such a person enjoys the procedural rights and bears the procedural obligations of a participant in the case. The cassation appeal concerns a question of law that is of fundamental importance for the formation of a unified law enforcement practice. The study of the practice of cassation appeals of court decisions in civil cases regarding the consideration of complaints about the actions or inaction of a private/state executor during the execution of court decisions makes it possible to single out typical violations that occur, taking them into account in practical activities, which allows to avoid violations of rights, freedoms and legitimate interests persons participating in the proceedings, and also contributes to the adoption of a legal, substantiated and reasoned court decision.