bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eksplorasi Kebutuhan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif dalam Mempersiapkan Siswa untuk Memahami Bahasa Jawa di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Mujahid Alvin , Yusuf Munawir , Setiawan Abdul Haris
Published: January 2024

Eksplorasi Kebutuhan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif dalam Mempersiapkan Siswa untuk Memahami Bahasa Jawa di Sekolah Dasar
Bahasa Jawa adalah salah satu mata pelajaran yang harus dipelajari oleh siswa sekolah dasar karena fakta bahwa bahasa berfungsi sebagai jembatan untuk berkomunikasi secara sosial. Oleh karena itu, siswa harus dididik sejak kecil untuk terbiasa berbicara sesuai dengan norma dan standar bahasa. Sebenarnya, minat siswa terhadap bahasa daerah, terutama Bahasa Jawa, mulai menurun karena sulit untuk diterapkan dan pengaruh lingkungan mereka yang terbiasa menggunakan Bahasa Jawa secara sehari-hari (ngoko).  Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bermaksud untuk melakukan Langkah awal yakni melakukan analisis kebutuhan media pembelajaran berbasis permainan yang mampu memfasillitasi siswa belajar Bahasa jawa baik secara teori maupun praktik. Metode penelitian ini adalah jenis campuran (mixed), dengan riset kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Instrument pengumpulan yang digunakan yaitu angket sementara untuk riset kualitatif adalah pedoman wawancara. Sampel yang terlibat pada riset ini terdiri atas 28 siswa sekolah dasar, dan 1 informan. Presentasi dan desrkipsi digunakan untuk menganalisis data hasil kuisioner maupun wawancara. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa siswa mampu menggunakan smartphone. Mereka telah memasang berbagai permainan di perangkat mereka dan memainkan mereka dengan penuh minat, seringkali bermain selama lebih dari 60 menit tanpa bosan. Beberapa dari mereka juga menawarkan gambaran materi pembelajaran, soal, dan pembahasan sebagai komponen penting dari permainan pendidikan. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ada potensi dan peluang untuk memasukkan media pembelajaran berbasis permainan ke dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Jawa. Ini akan memungkinkan siswa memahami materi pelajaran dengan lebih baik dan meningkatkan keterampilan bahasa mereka.
Upaya Digitalisasi Pendidikan Melalui Program Kerja Adaptasi Teknologi di Sekolah Sasaran Kampus Mengajar
Authors: Nay Cesarius , Dopo Florentianus
Published: January 2024

Digitalisasi pendidikan menjadi tren global yang menjajikan peningkatan kualitas pendidikan, terutama dengan berkembangnya teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Salah satu tujuan dari program Kampus Mengajar yang ditetapkan oleh Kemendikbudristek adalah membantu sekolah dalam proses beradaptasi dengan teknologi. Dalam proses penerapannya, sekolah sasaran program seperti SDK Wolomeli menghadapi tantangan dalam menerapkan pendidikan berbasis digital, seperti keterbatasan fasilitas pendukung serta kurangnya pengetahuan dari pendidik. Digitalisasi pendidikan ini dilakukan untuk mempersiapakan generasi masa kini dalam menghadapi perkembangan zaman yang semakin modern dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan. Beberapa inovasi yang dilakukan seperti pelatihan dasar pengoperasian laptop, penggunaan video animasi dalam pembelajaran, pengenalan Microsoft Word, pemanfaatan literasi online, ujian akhir semester menggunakan simulasi AKM Kelas, dan sosialisasi platform merdeka mengajar memberikan banyak manfaat dalam proses belajar mengajar di SDK Wolomeli. Meskipun demikian, dukungan dari berbagai pemangku kepentingan dan evaluasi lanjutan diperlukan untuk memastikan keberlanjutan program yang dapat memberikan dampak dalam meningkakan kualitas pendidikan di sekolah sasaran program seperti SDK Wolomeli.
Gambaran Tingkat Depresi Narapidana Narkotika Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas 1 Tangerang
Authors: Atmojo Panji Suryo , Pangestuti Naniek
Published: January 2024

Kehidupan di dalam Lembaga Pemasyarakatan yang terisolasi dengan kehidupan luar menyebabkan permasalahan pada narapidana. Lamanya masa pidana, kurangnya dukungan dari keluarga serta kondisi lingkungan menyebabkan narapidana mengalami gangguan pada kondisi psikologisnya. Fenomena depresi hingga kejadian bunuh diri yang terjadi di dalam Lembaga Pemasyarakatan merupakan salah satu bentuk bahwa kondisi psikologis narapidana terganggu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan mengumpulkan data data yang dapat dihitung menggunakan metode statistik. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dan kuisioner, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui berupa buku, artikel, jurnal terkait topik dalam penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa tingkat depresi minimal sebesar 14%, depresi ringan 23%, depresi sedang 52%, depresi berat 11%. Dengan ini depresi narapidana kasus narkotika di Lembaga Pemasyarkatan Kelas I Tangerang mayoritas berada pada tingkat sedang yaitu 146 orang (52%).
Analisis Resepsi Remaja Islam terhadap Konten Dakwah Meme
Authors: Gunantara Bagas , Kusnarto Kusnarto , Ahmad Ahmad
Published: January 2024

Dakwah hadir sebagai bentuk untuk pengajaran dalam memahami nilai-nilai dan ajaran islam bagi remaja-remaja yang mudah menyimpang. Sehingga selama perkembangan waktu yang terjadi muncul evolusi dakwah-dakwah dengan metode baru, salah satunya adalah dakwah meme yang digemari remaja. Akan tetapi pada dakwah meme sendiri beberapa ditemukannya ada yang menggunakan ilustrasi yang tidak sopan, seperti wanita tidak menutup auratnya maupun terlihat lekukan tubuhnya sehingga tidak sesuai dengan syariat islam serta ditemukan juga beberapa dakwah tersebut menggunakan musik Disk Jockey yang biasanya dijumpai di hiburan malam, sehingga seharusnya tidak pantas mengiringi dakwah meme. Penilitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerimaan remaja islam terhadap dua unsur tersebut pada dakwah meme. Kualitatif deskriptif merupakan jenis penelitian yang akan digunakan dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara mendalam. Analisis resepsi Encoding-Decoding Stuart Hall digunakan peneliti pada studi ini yang memiliki tiga posisi: dominan, negosiasi, serta oposisi. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa perbedaan penerimaan yang beragam pada keenam informan. Hasil penelitian cenderung berada pada posisi oposisi, bahwa para informan menolak secara utuh penggunaan ilustrasi tidak sopan dan musik Dj pada dakwah meme.
Juicy Gems of Nutrition: Exploring the Nutrient Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Rosaceae Fruits
Authors: Manzoor Maleeha , Mahmood Amna , Ajaz Malaika , Rasool Waleed , Shabbir Muhammad Aqib
Published: January 2024

Fruit consumption provides valuable phenolic antioxidants and nutrients that are essential to subsidize consumers' health. The functional food value of many fruits belonging to the Rosaceae family is considerably high which is derived from their medicinal and nutritional attributes. This value contributes to the overall health and dietary practice of the consumer. Apples, pears, loquats, peaches, plums and apricots are some of the most desirable and economically viable members of this family. The present review aims a detailed evaluation of the nutritional composition, organic acid, sugar contents, and phenolic antioxidants of these beneficial fruits. Sucrose occurs in plum, loquat, peach and apricot fruits predominantly, in contrast, fructose was mainly present in apples and pears. The primary organic acids were citric, tartaric and malic acid in the tested fruits. The FRAP, TEAC and ORAC values were strongly correlated and almost similar to the total phenols (TP) in the extract of the tested samples. The phenolic acid assessment indicated that p-coumaric acid is the major compound in plums, apricot; gallic acid in loquat and caffeic acid in apple, peach and pear fruits. Overall, the results indicate that these Pakistani fruits contain significant levels of phenolic antioxidants and nutritionally valuable compounds, so they can be considered advantageous ingredients for the nutraceutical and food industry.
Revolutionizing Potato Farming: Dynamic Innovations Reshaping Late Blight Control in Pakistan
Authors: Khan Saadullah , Iqbal Arsalan , Alam Osama , Khan Sawaira , Falah Ummul , Hashmi Hashim Ali , Khan Qasim , Ghani Sumbal , Ullah Faheem , Khan Ibrahim
Published: January 2024

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most extensively cultivated crops around the world, and Pakistan’s weather favor production and cultivation. Despite the ease of cultivating potatoes and the nominal labor supplies, Pakistan’s output of potatoes has not yet achieved a promising level when compared to nearby nations like India and Bangladesh. The crop's low production in Pakistan is caused by several biotic and abiotic stresses that instigated several pathogenic diseases such as early blight, bacterial wilt, viral infections, nematode infestations and late blight. Late blight disease is one of the most dreaded diseases of potatoes globally. It is caused by the fungus Phytophthora infestans which is highly adaptive to fungicides. Several fungicides have been in use against this disease for a long time, however, it has developed a high degree of resistant strains to these fungicides due to their unselective use over time and ultimately may cause colossal losses to the crop. In response, scientists have developed different potato varieties like Setanta, Nicola, Cara and Acoustic that are highly resistant to late blight. Similarly, cultural methods are also employed to combat late blight disease. This article provides an overview of the implications of late blight disease in potato cultivation and explores various strategies to reduce yield losses brought on by this disease via the application of synthetic fungicides.
Interrogating the Asymmetric Impact of Exchange Rate on Agricultural Output in Nigeria
Authors: Eniekezimene Francis Ariayefa , Wodu Ebimowei , Anda-Owei Mr Joseph Peres
Published: January 2024

The agricultural sector is vital to the Nigerian economy. It serves several functions including food supply for the populace, a source of income for a sizable section of the domestic labour force, a supplier of raw materials for industrial production, and provision of foreign exchange revenues to the economy. However, due to the country’s abundance of natural resources like crude oil, the agriculture sector is vulnerable to the fluctuations in the exchange rate caused by international financial markets. This analysis looked at how changes in the value of the naira relative to dollar affects agricultural production. In order to contribute to the current body of literature for the time period between 1981 and 2021, this study employed the Dutch Disease Syndrome theoretical framework through the use of the non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) method for Nigeria. This research shows that while the long-term effect of the exchange rate on agricultural output in Nigeria is symmetrical, the short-term effect is asymmetrical. However, in more specific terms, the symmetrical effect of the exchange rate in the long run revealed that exchange rate appreciation increased real agricultural GDP by approximately 8.8 percent compared to exchange rate depreciation which had only increased real agricultural GDP by 0.11 percent. Consequently, since exchange rate exerted positive impact on agricultural production in the long run, it is suggested that the Nigerian government explores the increased competitiveness of the agricultural sector in its economic diversification efforts. In other words, the agricultural sector could provide an avenue to expand the revenue base of the government, but for a more beneficial effect on the agricultural sector in particular and the economy in general, more focus should be placed on policies that would enhance appreciation of the Naira such as reducing imports of agricultural inputs and produce.
Comparing the Budgetary Allocations to the Education Sectors of Nigeria and Some African Countries (1999-2021) in View of UNESCO’s Benchmarks
Authors: Ohaegbulem Emmanuel Uchenna
Published: January 2024

The percentage budgetary allocations to the education sectors of Nigeria alongside those of some other selected African countries (which included Ghana, South Africa, Senegal, Kenya and Morocco) from 1999 to 2021 in view of the UNESCO recommended minimum benchmarks were assessed in this paper. Secondary data from the 2018 Edition of the Statistical Bulletin of the Central Bank of Nigeria and the Official Website of the Budget Office of the Federal Government of Nigeria (budgetoffice.gov.ng) were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test, the Student’s t-test for equality of two population means and Ranking were all employed in the data analyses. Results showed that for the period under study, (1999-2021), the annual percentage budgetary allocations to the education sector by the government of Nigeria were significantly lower than those of Ghana, South Africa, Senegal, Kenya and Morocco; those of Ghana were significantly higher than each of those of South Africa and Morocco, but were not significantly different from those of the governments of Senegal and Kenya; those of South Africa are not significantly different from those of Morocco, but were significantly lower than each of those of Senegal and Kenya; those of Senegal were not significantly different from those of Kenya, but were significantly higher than those of Morocco; while those of Kenya were significantly higher than those of Morocco. Furthermore, for the period, (1999-2021), the average percentage budgetary allocation to the education sector by the FGN was significantly lower than each of the UNESCO’s 15%, 20% and 26% recommended benchmarks; that of Ghana was significantly higher than each of the UNESCO’s 15% and 20% recommended benchmarks, but not that of 26%; that of South Africa and Senegal were significantly higher than the UNESCO’s 15% benchmark, not significantly different from the 20% benchmark, but were significantly lower than the 26% benchmark; that of Kenya was significantly higher than each of the UNESCO’s 15% and 20% recommended benchmarks, but is significantly lower than the 26% benchmark; while that of Morocco was significantly higher than the UNESCO’s 15%, but significantly lower than each of the 20% and 26% recommended benchmarks. Finally, based on the levels of adherence to the UNESCO’s recommended minimum benchmarks, Ghana was ranked first, while Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Morocco and Nigeria were ranked second, third, fourth, fifth and a distant sixth, respectively. Thus, for the period, (1999-2021), Ghana, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa and Morocco outperformed Nigeria in terms of the percentage budgetary allocations to their respective education sectors as well as the levels of adherence to UNESCO’s recommended minimum benchmarks.
Growth, Photosynthesis, and Yield of Two Egyptian and Two Foreign Wheat Cultivars: A Comparative Study
Authors: Shahata Dina , Araby Magda , Akkad Somia
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to cultivate and compare four wheat cultivars: two Egyptian cultivars (Misr 1 and Sohag 5) and two foreign cultivars (Russian and Ukrainian). During the vegetative growth, the Egyptian cultivars (Misr 1 and Sohag 5) exceeded the foreign cultivars (Russian and Ukrainian) in terms of shoot system length and fresh weight. Misr 1 and Sohag 5, surpass their foreign counterparts in plant height, spike length, heads per square meter, grain production, and overall yield. Among the four cultivars, Misr 1, Sohag 5, and Ukrainian wheat grains exhibit similar lengths, while the Russian grain stands out as the shortest. Sohag 5 surpasses its counterparts with the thickest and widest grains. Notably, the grains obtained after cultivation exceeded the dimensions of the original wheat grains. In terms of photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll A decreased in most cultivars at the end of the vegetative growth. Whereas all cultivars showed an increase in chlorophyll B at the same period. Carotenoid content increased in Misr 1, Russian, and Ukrainian cultivars, except for Sohag 5, where carotenoids decreased throughout the growth period.
A META-ANALYSIS ON THE VACCINE EFFECTIVENESS OF INFLUENZA
Authors: DELEN Fatma , KAN Zafer
Published: January 2024

Influenza is a respiratory disease caused by the influenza virus, which is highly contagious in humans. Influenza vaccination remains the most effective method of preventing and reducing the burden of influenza in society. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends annual flu vaccination for all individuals, especially those at high risk of disease. Within the scope of this study, PubMed and Web of Science, electronic bibliographic databases as well as other gray literature sources are systematically searched for studies published between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2022 on the effectiveness of vaccines. After removing irrelevant and duplicate studies and then a quick summary and title scanning, only 152 studies were found eligible in these databases. For influenza A(H1N1), an Odds Ratio of 0.397, within a confidence interval of 0.362 to 0.435, indicates statistically significant results. Shifting focus to Influenza B, the mean Odds Ratio aligns with the A(H1N1) findings at 0.485, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.045 to 0.528. The meta-analysis of A(H3N2) vaccines presents a mean Odds Ratio of 0.796 confidence interval of 0.748 to 0.848, with statistical significance at a 95% confidence level. The findings of this study are highly congruent with the results of meta-analyses for multi-countries in the literature. Vaccination remains an important strategy to alleviate the severity of influenza and reduce mortality rates. On the other hand, it should be noted that efforts should be made to eliminate vaccine hesitancy and ensure widespread distribution of the vaccine.
THE IMPACT OF EXCHANGE RATE SHOCKS ON INFLATION EXPECTATIONS IN TÜRKIYE
Authors: ek Serkan , Alkan Buket
Published: January 2024

This study examines the impact of macroeconomic shocks, represented by exchange rate volatility, on inflation expectations. Using data for the period 2006:04-2023:11 and the structural VAR method, the analysis examines the direct effect of macroeconomic shocks on short-term inflation expectations and the indirect effect on long-term inflation expectations. The results have shown that macroeconomic shocks have a direct effect on short-term inflation expectations and an indirect effect on long-term inflation expectations via short-term inflation expectations, which is referred to in the literature as the pass-through effect and shows that the uncertainty channel is active. Our results suggest that the Central Bank of the Republic of Türkiye (CBRT), which wants to keep short- and long-term inflation expectations under control, should also take into account macroeconomic shocks, represented by exchange rate shocks, when determining policy instruments.
Economics of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Cultivation under Varying Planting Densities and Pre-planting Soil Solarization Duration
Authors: Umunnakwe Okechukwu , Akpan Joyce , Omadewu Lawrence , Bisong Ozoemena , Awelewa Emmanue , Onen Bini
Published: January 2024

The cost justification of a new cassava production technology could open the alley for quick adoption by cassava farmers and give extra motivation that will attract new farmers. Soil solarization is a promising cassava production technology that may need extra justification if a widespread adoption is to be achieved. A field trial was carried out during the 2019 and 2020 early cropping seasons to evaluate the cost implications of plant density and soil solarization durations on cassava production. The experiment was a factorial combination of three cassava densities: 17,778 plants ha-1 (0.75 m x 0.75 m), 13,333 plants ha-1 (0.75 m x 1 m) and 10,000 plants ha-1 (1 m x 1 m) and four pre-planting soil solarization durations (0, 4, 7 and 10 weeks), laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. To analyze the cost implication of the technology, the production cost, total revenue, net returns, benefit/cost ratio and percentage net returns of each treatment were computed and tabulated. Results showed that the percentage net returns increased as cassava density increased from 10,000 stands/ha to 17,778 stands/ha. Similarly, percentage net returns increased as soil solarization duration increased from 0 to 10 weeks. The lowest percentage net returns of 29.39 % was obtained in 2019 from the unsolarized plot integrated with a lower cassava density of 10,000 stands/ha, while the highest percentage net return of 72.85 % was obtained in 2019 from the plot treated with a longer soil solarization duration of 10 weeks integrated with a higher cassava density of 17,778 stands/ha and could therefore be recommended for cost effective and environmental friendly cassava production method in the tropics.
Callus Induction and Regeneration Response of Mustard (Brassica spp.)
Authors: Nadim Md , Islam Md , Akter Most , Khan Tasnim , Ferdausi Aleya , Uddin Md
Published: January 2024

Mustard (Brassica spp.) is the third most important edible oil crop belonging to the family Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) and the genus Brassica. Due to the growing world population and increasing industrialization, the demand for edible oil and biofuels is increasing worldwide. Stress-tolerant mustard variety creation by transformation or genome editing procedures, as well as varietal in vitro regeneration responses, are critical challenges. The objective of the study was to design a tissue culture protocol for better use the explant by using hypocotyls and cotyledon explants to observe the in vitro response to callus induction and regeneration of three mustard types, namely BARI Sarisha-14, Binasarisha-4, and Binasarisha-9.Explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of NAA(10 mg mL-1), BAP (10 mg mL-1 for callus induction and shoot initiation medium , 2.5 mg mL-1 for shoot outgrowth medium), AgNO3(50 mg mL-1), GA3(2 mg mL-1), and IBA (10 mg mL-1)for callus induction, shoot initiation, shoot outgrowth, and root initiation. Binasarisha-4 showed the best performance with hypocotyls76.67% callus induction, 70.03% shoot initiation, 92.23% shoot outgrowth, and 40% root initiation followed by BARI Sarisha-14 (71.67%, 58.23%, 73.33% and 23.33% respectively) and Binasarisha-9 (54.17%, 38.87%, 45.83% and 11.11% respectively). It is recommended that in vitro hypocotyls culture of Binasarisha-4 can be used for frequent and successful genetic transformation in Mustard.
Factors Influencing the Lentil Production in Selected Areas of Pabna District in Bangladesh
Authors: Zahan Sharmin , Begum Ratna , Yesmine Tamanna
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted to assess the existing socioeconomic and profitability status, as well as the variables affecting lentil production in Pabna district of Bangladesh. Primary data were collected from 90 randomly selected Lentil farmers. Descriptive statistics and cost-return analysis were applied to assess the current condition and profitability of lentil production. The findings showed that the undiscounted benefit-cost ratio was 1.72, indicating that the production of lentils was profitable. The Cobb-Douglas production function was used to estimate the parameters which showed that labor, seed, and fertilizer all had a significant impact on lentil production. Therefore, it would be crucial to use these resources effectively throughout the production of lentils in order to increase producer’s profits. Farmers in the research region faced a number of production-related issues, including severe disease and insect attacks, expensive and poor-quality seeds, lack of training, drought and excessive rains, the high cost of pesticides and insect attacks in storage, etc. So, the government should take actions to make it easier for farmers to obtain critical inputs and provide subsidies to entice more farmers to grow lentils.
Marketing System of Broccoli in Selected Areas of Mymensingh District in Bangladesh
Authors: Yasmin Sarah , Mondal Silvia , Moniruzzaman Md
Published: January 2024

Broccoli, a member of the cabbage family and a popular winter vegetable, is the focus of our study. We aimed to investigate the marketing system for broccoli in specific areas of Mymensingh district. We gathered data through face-to-face interviews with 100 respondents, selected using purposive sampling. Our study identified four distinct marketing channels within the region, involving various market participants such as farmers, Aratdar, wholesalers, Aratdar cum wholesalers, retailers, and consumers. Furthermore, our study revealed that most farmers considered the cost of production as their primary challenge, while intermediaries cited a lack of market information as their main issue. Notably, we found that wholesalers incurred the highest marketing cost per piece of broccoli (Tk. 2.46), while retailers had the lowest cost (Tk. 1.58 per piece). Transportation costs accounted for the largest share of expenses (52.14%), with electricity bills being the smallest (0.59%). When it came to net margins, retailers emerged as the highest earners (Tk. 3.43 per piece), while wholesalers received the lowest net marketing margin (Tk. 1.66 per piece). Therefore, policymakers should consider implementing policies to address these challenges and promote overall development in the broccoli marketing system in Bangladesh, including raising awareness about broccoli consumption among the population.
Genotype-environment Interaction for Yield and Yield Associated Traits in Chilli
Authors: Khan Md , Haque Md , Brahama Shyamal , Yousuf Mohammed , Kamal Mohammad , Mustakim A
Published: January 2024

The present study was conducted on six chilli genotypes across 4 environments in randomized complete block design with three replications during 2019-20 to evaluate the performance of chilli genotypes with higher yield and stability. The AMMI (Additive main effect and Multiplicative Interaction) model was used to estimate the genotype-environment interaction. Genotypes and environments were significantly varied for all the traits, which revealed the presence of genetic variability in the materials under study. The total sum of squares for genotype (G), environment (E) and G × E interactions ranged from 27.44 to 80.49%, 1.26 to 45.09% and 14.60 to 62.67% interactions respectively. The genotypes account large proportion (> 50%) of total variation for Number of fruits per plant and fruit length, which means that genotype, was more important factor for these traits. GGE biplot methodology was used for graphical display of yield data after subjecting the genotypic means of each environment to GGE biplot. Principle components Analysis (PC1 and PC2) were used to depict the stability and superiority performance of the genotypes for yield and yield related traits. the chilli genotypes Co631(G6) and Co632 (G5) were stable and had comparatively less fluctuation for yield and yield related trait across environments which was found promising for recommendation and release for wider adapted variety. Cross over GEI across environment and among genotypes showed that the most general adopted environment with high mean performance, Magura has the best condition for growing chilli.
Molecular detection of Escherichia coli isolated from human, animal and environmental samples targeting mdh gene: A simple one health approach
Authors: Biswas Urmy , Mallick Abhi , Das Surojit
Published: January 2024

Background:
Escherichia coli cause a wide range of infections in humans and animals in hospitals and community associated with multidrug-resistance, and serves as bioindicator of fecal contamination as well as AMR.
Aim:
Early detection of this bioindicator from humans, animals and environment facilitates characterization with respect to AMR and bacterial forensics for effective public health and infection control measurements.
Method:
We investigated a simple and rapid species-specific end-point and real-time PCR assays targeting malate dehydrogenase (mdh) gene to detect Escherichia coli isolated from livestock, human, and environmental water in Midnapore, West Bengal, India in a timely and cost-effective approach.
Results:
Of 126 E. coli isolates, 53, 41 and 32 were cultured from livestock, human and environmental water. The mdh gene was present in 120 (95.2%) isolates, including all environmental isolates. Two (3.8%) animal and four human (9.8%) isolates were discordant between culture and PCR results. The PCR assays produced results in about 90 min with a running cost of US$3-5 per sample.
Conclusion:
Both the PCR assays may be utilized in detection of Escherichia coli depending on the laboratory infrastructure.
ASSESSMENT OF TWAKAROGA THROUGH THE AYURVEDA
Authors: Burdak Dr , prasad Dr
Published: January 2024

The skin is the largest organ and reflects the Chhaya (aura) and Prabha (luster) of the body. Skin complexity and homeostasis have been influenced by numerous environmental changes. Skin is the demarcation between the internal and external environment. Many factors affect skin health like the status of diet, hygiene, habitat, sedentary lifestyle etc. In this era, skin disease incidence is increasing in tropical and developing areas. The Ayurvedic lexicon contains several references to skin conditions. The description of Twaka roga (skin disease) has mentioned on the basis of Doshik dominance. Kushtha roga appears due to Dosh-Dushya Sammurchhana (Amalgamation of Dosh-Dushya) including tri-Dosha, Twaka (skin), Rakta (blood), Mams (muscular part) Dhatu (tissue) and Lasika (fluid). Registered patients were selected for diagnosis of skin disease. Diseases were diagnosed by signs and symptoms on the basis of color, hardness, spreading, secretion, pain, elevation, burning sensation and itching. The affected part was assessed on the basis of compendia described with contemporary science and a photo was taken. On the basis of ancient knowledge different Twaka roga identified with the basic principle of Ayurveda. The Kushtha roga are Mandal Kushtha, Dadru, Shwitra, Pama, vicharchika, vipadika, charmdala, charmakushtha, kunakha, sheetpitta, yuvanpidika and vyanga these are categorized into dosha character in the lesion.
Pharmacological interventions used to control hyperglycemia in surgical and medical intensive care unit patients in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Singh Atmik , Pore Shraddha , Burute Shreyas , Halasawadekar Nimish , Puram Nitin , Deshmukh Indira , Sonawane Shubhangi
Published: January 2024

Background: Hyperglycemia with or without diabetes is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. The management practices to control hyperglycemia vary widely and often do not conform to standard guidelines.

Aim and Objective: The aim of the study was to find out various pharmacological interventions used to manage hyperglycemia, frequency, and characteristics of drug-induced hypoglycemic episodes, and factors associated with BGLs at or above 180 mg/dL.

Material and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital on 369 adult patients admitted in medical or surgical intensive care unit and suffering from hyperglycemia. The pharmacological interventions used to control hypoglycemia, characteristics of drug-induced hypoglycemic episodes, and factors associated with blood glucose level (BGL) at or above 180 mg/dL were evaluated.

Result: About 43% of patients received no pharmacological intervention, in 33% of patients basal bolus insulin was used while oral antidiabetic agents were used in 7.3% of patients. Blood glucose was maintained within a target range of 140–180 mg/dL on 45.6% patient-days. Basal bolus insulin was linked to hypoglycemia in 85.7% of hypoglycemic episodes. Previous history of diabetes, use of 0.45% dextrose normal saline, beta-blockers, and statins were associated with BGL above 180 mg/dL.

Conclusion: Management of hyperglycemia in ICU patients is less than optimal.
Integrating Resilience into Risk Matrices: A Practical Approach to Risk Assessment with Empirical Analysis
Authors: Vaezi Ali , Jones Samantha , Asgary Ali
Published: January 2024

The changing and intensifying landscape of global, national, and local disaster risks, driven by socio-political, environmental, and technological shifts, underscores the critical need for risk assessment by international agencies and governments. The Risk Matrix, introduced in 1995, has been widely used for risk assessment in different contexts, lauded for its simplicity and effectiveness. This model relies on the core risk components of consequence and likelihood, making it a favored tool for risk managers. To enhance the precision of risk assessment, various adaptations and extensions of the risk matrix have emerged; while some indirectly address resilience aspects, none explicitly integrate resilience into the matrix. This paper explores the risk matrix and its extensions, advocating for the inclusion of resilience in risk assessment. It introduces an empirical approach to quantify resilience, through a survey targeting small and medium-sized businesses in Southern Ontario, Canada. By developing two types of risk matrices—one with resilience considerations and one without—our work demonstrates how resilience alters risk prioritization, highlighting the importance of preparedness. This research underscores the pivotal role of resilience in risk assessment and urges its explicit integration into risk matrices to enhance accuracy and efficacy. Through practical examples and empirical data, the paper builds a compelling case for the central role of resilience in modern risk assessment practices.
The Effects of External Debt on the Economic Growth of India during Various Crisis Periods: A Markov- Switching GARCH Model Approach
Authors: Ghosh Raktim , Paul Biswaji , Bagchi Bhaskar , Ghosh Priyajit Kumar
Published: January 2024

This article seeks to investigate the impact of the volatility of the external debt burden on the economic growth of India. The MS (Markov - Switching) - GARCH model is the cornerstone in studying the effects of external debt on the economic growth that is simulated herein. This article applies a MS - GARCH model that allows not only unobserved variables within an observed model but also uses a robust algorithm to reach strong optimization (convergence) through iteration in a dynamic system in the estimation procedure. This article considers the period from Q2 2004 to Q4 2022 with 74 sample observations. Considering various crises like the global financial crisis, the Euro crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic that occurred during the study period, the results identify two regimes based on conditional volatility. One is the global financial recession period (regime-1) and another is the post-global financial recession period (regime-2). The findings show that the conditional volatility as well as the variance in the volatility of economic growth due to the external debt of India is much stronger in the global financial recession period (regime-1) than in the post-global financial recession period (regime-2). It implies that the Euro crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic are having less impact on external debts in India. The transition matrix indicates the greater probability of the economic growth rate settling down in regime 2 when it is already in regime 2, as it is considered to be a much calmer period. Finally, the results of the stable probabilities suggest that the economic growth rate of India is much more stable in regime 2 than in regime 1. This article puts forward relevant policy implications for coming out from the debt overhang scenario in India.
PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN STRUKTUR MODAL SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR TELEKOMUNIKASI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI PERIODE 2018-2022
Authors: Azka Nawalia Puteri
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ukuran perusahaan dan profitabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan struktur modal sebagai variabel intervening pada perusahaan sub sektor telekomunikasi yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2018-2022. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang bersifat eksplanatory, yaitu menjelaskan kondisi suatu hal sesuai dengan data yang ada dan temuan di lapangan, untuk menganalisis sehingga dapat diambil kesimpulan. Analisis data menggunakan metode kuantitatif untuk dihitung dengan excel sehingga mendapatkan input data dan apabila data yang telah terkumpul diolah dalam bentuk angka dan dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan uji hipotesis menggunakan model analisis yang digunakan yaitu Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) dengan SmartPLS versi 3.2.9. Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut: 1) Ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan; 2) Profitabilitas berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan; 3) Ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap struktur modal; 4) Profitabilitas berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap struktur modal; 5) Struktur modal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan; 6) Struktur modal tidak mampu memediasi pengaruh ukuran perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan; 7) Struktur modal tidak mampu memediasi pengaruh profitabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan.
Pengaruh Pendapatan Per Kapita Dan Kontribusi Sektor Jasa Terhadap Penerimaan Pajak Di Negara Berpendapatan Tinggi Di Asia Timur Dan Pasifik Dengan Kualitas Peraturan Sebagai Pemoderasi
Authors: Prabowo Dhinnessa , Wijaya Suparna
Published: January 2024

Tax is a state financial instrument imposed by the government. Taxes are collected to then finance state programs and activities. The role of taxes is very important for the development of a country. This study aims to analyze the influence exerted by per capita income, share of service in GDP, with Regulatory Quality as a moderator on tax revenues, especially those that occurred in high-income Asia Pacific countries in 2002-2019. The technique that the authors use is the analysis of panel data regression data that has been treated and selected the best model, namely the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS). The test results show that all variables simultaneously affect tax revenue. Partially, the share of service has a negative and significant effect while per capita income and the quality of regulations have no effect on tax revenues. Regulatory quality weakens the relationship between per capita income and tax revenues while not moderating the relationship between share of service in GDP and tax revenues. Based on the results of this study, the recommendation from the results of this study is that policies are needed that can maximize the service sector for acceptance and improve the quality of regulations on per capita income.
Species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Tamboli Sabiha S , Tamboli Saleem B
Published: January 2024

Background and objectives: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are considered important causative agents of hospital acquired infection. These organisms are found in various clinical specimens from hospitalized patients. Present study was carried out to determine the species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of CoNS isolated from clinical specimens at a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and methods: CoNS isolated from various clinical samples were included in this study. The isolates were identified by colony morphology, Gram’s staining, catalase and coagulase tests. Further differentiation of species was performed by susceptibility to novobiocin, urease activity and ornithine decarboxylase test. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines.

Results: Total 108 isolates of CoNS were included and analysed. Out of 108 CoNS, S. epidermidis was the most common species (36.1%) followed by S. saprophyticus (23.1%), S. hemolyticus (17.6%), S. hominis (13%) and S. lugdunensis (10.2%). Most of the isolates showed resistance to penicillin, oxacillin, amoxycillin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. All the isolates were sensitive to vancomycin.

Conclusions: CoNS emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen and should not be neglected as contaminant. High rate of antimicrobial resistance warrants susceptibility testing prior to the treatment of CoNS.

IMC J Med Sci. 2024; 18(1):010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55010/imcjms.18.010

*Correspondence: Sabiha S Tamboli, Department of Microbiology, Parbhani Medical College and RP Hospital Research Institute, Pathri Road, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India. Email: sabihatamboli77@gmail.com
A study of the relationship between meta-emotions and subjective well-being among higher vocational students
Authors: LU JIHU
Published: January 2024

This study intends to examine the relationship between meta-emotions and subjective well-being of higher vocational students through an actual survey of higher vocational students, aiming to provide a basis for enhancing the mental health of higher vocational students and improving their subjective well-being. Three hundred and eighty-seven higher vocational students were selected as subjects, and their meta-emotions and subjective well-being were investigated by questionnaire method. The results showed that: (1) there were two significant positive correlations between emotion attention, emotion discrimination and emotion recovery and subjective well-being. (2) There were significant differences in the levels of emotional attention by gender and being an only child; there were significant differences in emotional discrimination and subjective well-being by subject; and there were significant differences in the three factors of meta-emotions and subjective well-being by grade level, with freshman year being significantly lower than other grades. (3) Meta-emotions are positively predictive of subjective well-being. This study not only explores the relationship between meta-emotions and subjective well-being, but also provides empirical support and theoretical guidance for more targeted guidance to enhance subjective well-being of higher vocational students.
Study on the risk mitigation mechanism of China's small and medium-sized zombie enterprises withdrawing from the market
Authors: Zhao Xiufang
Published: January 2024

In recent years, the global economic environment is facing great challenges, especially the rapid development of digital economy, which makes a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises actively or passively adapt to the rapid changes of this society.Economic and social development and transformation and upgrading make a large number of enterprises constantly updated and eliminated. However, due to the imperfect relevant mechanism for withdrawing from the market, a large number of enterprises in the Chinese market are in the situation of bankruptcy but cannot withdraw from the market in time, and the creditor's rights and debt relations cannot be clarified in time.Combined with the reality of China, this paper analyzes the mechanism and risk of China's small and medium-sized zombie enterprises to withdraw from the market, and then puts forward the corresponding risk release mechanism.Such as the corporate governance system is relatively perfect enterprise in accordance with the relevant provisions of the bankruptcy law strict exit mechanism, the corporate governance structure of simple small micro enterprise is consider appropriate government intervention, but to avoid excessive positive government intervention, according to the market rules formulate corresponding local laws and regulations to solve the risk of small micro enterprise exit, avoid regional economic systemic risk.
AMERİKA BİRLEŞİK DEVLETLERİ’NDE MOBİL CİHAZLARLA KONUM VERİSİNİN TOPLANMASI VE İŞLENMESİNE İLİŞKİN FTC SORUŞTURMALARI VE ÜLKEMİZDE KONUM VERİSİ İLE İLGİLİ GELİŞMELER
Authors: Başar Mükerrem Onur
Published: January 2024

ÖZ
Yeni gelişen teknolojik gelişmeler karşısında özellikle mobil cihazlarla toplanan konum verisi ve bu verinin işlenmesi önemli bir meseleyi oluşturmaktadır. Teknolojinin süratle geliştiği günümüzde kişilerin mobil cihazları ile angajmanları da her geçen gün artmaktadır. Liberal ekonomik anlayışın ve tüketimin egemen olduğu bir toplum olan Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde tüketicilerin alışkanlıklarının tayini ve tespiti oldukça önem taşımaktadır. Zira, reklam harcamalarında reklamın doğru hedefe ulaşması büyük önem taşımakta olup; reklam ve pazarlama faaliyetlerinin doğru hedef kitlesine ulaşmasında kişisel veriler ve bu verilerin analizi oldukça önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. İşte bu noktada mobil cihazlarla kişilerin konum verisinin toplanıp işlenmesi suretiyle, reklam ve pazarlama faaliyetlerinin doğru hedef kitlesine ulaştırılması temin edilmektedir.

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde ülkemiz düzenlemelerinden ve Avrupa Birliği düzenlemelerinden farklı olarak kişisel verilerin korunmasına yönelik federal düzeyde düzenleyici merkezi bir idari otorite bulunmamakta olup, icrai yetkiler ile donatılmış ve yaptırım makamı olarak birçok farklı konuda görevi bulunan FTC (Federal Trade Commission) konunun ele alınmasında ve düzenlenmesinde etkin bir rol oynamaktadır. FTC, yeni gelişen teknolojik gelişmeler karşısında özellikle mobil cihazlarla toplanan konum verisine ilişkin olarak birtakım soruşturmalarda bulunmuştur. Bu soruşturmalar ile ele alınan benzeri konu ve hassasiyetlerin ülkemiz düzleminde de ele alınması gerçekçi bir beklentiyi oluşturmaktadır. Makalemizde konum verisi ile ilgili olarak ülkemizdeki gelişmelere ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde toplanması ve işlenmesine dair yakın geçmişteki FTC soruşturmalarına yer verilmiştir.
BANKA KREDİ YETKİLİLERİNİN KREDİ İŞLEMLERİNE İLİŞKİN DEĞERLENDİRME VE KARAR AŞAMALARINDA YER ALMA YASAĞI
Authors: İlbasmış Hızlısoy Özlem , Ağırbaş Gökay
Published: January 2024

Bankalarda kredi açma yetkisi yönetim kuruluna aittir. Kurul, bu yetkisini kredi komitesine veya genel müdüre devredebilir. Genel müdür bu yetkisini bölge müdürlükleri, şubeler veya diğer alt birimleri aracılığıyla kullanabilir. Kredi açma yetkisi, bu hususta bir karar almak suretiyle kullanılır. Bununla birlikte 5411 sayılı Bankacılık Kanunu m. 51/3 gereğince kredi yetkilisi; kendisi, eşi, velâyeti altındaki çocuğu ve bu sayılanlarla aynı risk grubunda bulunan gerçek ve tüzel kişilerin taraf oldukları kredi işlemlerine ilişkin değerlendirme ve karar aşamalarına katılamazlar. Çalışmamızda bahsi geçen hükümde düzenlenen yasak incelenecektir.
TTK m. 1429/1 KAPSAMINDA SİGORTA ETTİRENİN VEYA SİGORTALININ HUKUKEN FİİLLERİNDEN SORUMLU BULUNDUKLARI KİŞİLERİN TESPİTİ
Authors: Yolal Oğuz
Published: January 2024

Sigorta hukuku uygulaması bakımından üçüncü kişilerin davranışlarının sigorta ettirene isnat edilmesi gerekmektedir. Aksi durumda, üçüncü kişi tarafından rizikoya gerçekleşmesine yönelik yapılan her davranış nedeniyle, sigortacının sorumluluğu doğacaktır. Bunu dikkate alan kanun koyucu TTK m. 1429/1 hükmünde, sigortacı, sigorta ettiren veya sigortalı ile bunların hukuken fiillerinden sorumlu bulundukları kişilerin ihmali veya kastı ile rizikoyu gerçekleştirmeleri durumunda sigortacının sorumluluğunu düzenlemiştir. Hükümde geçen hukuken fiillerinde sorumlu kişilerin kapsamı açık değildir. Sigortacının sorumluluğu açısından bu kişilerin tespiti önem arz etmektedir. Zira bu kişiler rizikoyu, sigorta tazminatının ödenmesi amacıyla kasten gerçekleştirmişlerse, sigortacı sorumlu olmayacaktır. Hukuken fiilinden sorumlu kişiler ile ilgili olarak, öğretide farklı görüşler bulunmakta; Yargıtay tarafından da farklı yönde kararlar verilmektedir. Alman hukukunda üçüncü kişilerin davranışları bakımından farklı bir esas benimsenmiştir. İsviçre hukuku
bakımından TTK m. 1429/1’e benzer bir hüküm bulunmaktadır.