bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A relationship between zinc and anthropometric and metabolic indicators of obesity in the population of young russian men
Authors: Osadchuk L.V. , Danilenko A.D. , Osadchuk A.V.
Published: November 2022

Trace elements are important factors in human health. Zinc, an essential trace element, is necessary for normal functioning of many body systems where it plays an important role in metabolism. Obesity is accompanied by various metabolic pathologies provoking the development of dyslipidaemia, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Many studies demonstrate changes in zinc homeostasis in obese men, but the data are conflicting, and a relationship between serum zinc and anthropometric and metabolic indicators remains controversial. In this study we have investigate the relationship between serum zinc level and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and some metabolic parameters in Russian men. In 260 young men from the general population (n=268, median age 22 years), serum zinc, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL and LDL), glucose and uric acid levels were determined, as well as body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and BMI were evaluated. According to BMI, men were divided into four groups: deficient and normal body weight, overweight, obesity. According to WC men were subdivided into two groups: normal and abdominal-visceral type of obesity. The median serum zinc concentration in men of the entire studied population was 20.3 μmol/l, and in men with obesity (BMI≥30) the median serum zinc concentration was higher than in the corresponding value in men with normal weight (30.9 and 20.8 μmol/l, respectively, p<0.01). Serum levels of TG, TC and LDL in obese men were also significantly higher (p<0.01) as compared to men with normal weight. In men with abdominal-visceral obesity, the median serum zinc concentration was significantly higher in comparison with control (26.3 and 19.9 μmol/l, respectively, p<0.01). It is suggested that elevated serum zinc level in obese young men can counter chronic inflammation and oxidative stress caused by increased body fat.
Appendicovesical Fistula, as the First Presentation of Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of Appendix: A Case Report
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Narjes , Hashemi Seyed Mohammad Mahdi
Published: November 2022

In this case report, a man presenting with a rare symptom of appendix cancer is dis- cussed.
Hematuria, which was the key diagnostic feature in this patient, has never been re- ported as a presenting feature of appendix cancer which may explain why this patient has been experiencing this symptom for months and yet have not get the proper di- agnosis.
As we discussed in the case report, although appendiceal cancer is a potentially life-threatening issue, it is frequently missed in patients. Therefore, we believe report- ing this key symptom in this journal would help physicians to make a more accurate diagnosis in this matter.
Endoscopic Endonasal Approach to Cavernous Sinus Hemangioma: A Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Fathi Ali , Rashidbeygi Milad , Mousavi Maryamalsadat , Azizan Zahra , Sadrehosseini Seyed Mousa , Tabari Azin , Zeinalizadeh Mehdi
Published: November 2022

Cavernous sinus hemangiomas (CSHs) are rare, benign, slow-growing neoplasms within the cavernous sinus. Laterally located to these lesions, the cranial nerves and carotid artery are subject to injury during removal of hemangiomas through a transcranial route. Therefore, forsurgi- cal management of cavernous sinus hemangiomas a medial corridor granted through an endoscop- ic endonasal approach may be less traumatic to the neurovascular bundle.
Case-1 describes a 23-year old male who presented with intermittent blurred vision and very mild ptosis on the right side for two yearsbefore admission. Fundoscopic exam, visual acuity and perimetry tests were normal. With intense enhancement after contrastadministration, both brain MRI and CT scan demonstrated an extra-axial mass in the right cavernous sinus.
Case-2 presents a 59-year-old male, a known case of renal oncocytoma who underwent nephrec- tomy a year before, with chief complain ofmoderate intermittent headaches. Imaging study of the brain by MRI revealed a sellar mass.
Near-total resection for case-1 and gross total resection for case-2 were performed through the an extended endoscopic endonasal approach.
We report two cases of near-total and gross total resection of CSHs via an extend- ed endoscopic endonasal approach substantiatingadvances in minimal access neurosurgery to the treatment of such grim lesions of an intricate vicinity of the skull base. At the same time, we focus to review extensively the growing yet heterogenous literature of the past twenty
years on the broached topic. The evolution of extended endoscopic endonasal approach over the past two decades changes the dynamism of the surgical practices steeped in tradition and provides a safer alternate route for preserving cranial nerves of this anatomic region.
Forgotten Double J Stent with Maximum Stone Burden
Authors: Raina Aamir Bashir , Khan Mohammad Abrar , Shahr Aamir Majeed
Published: November 2022

Double J stent or DJ stent, is a self-retaining ureteral stent mainly used to provide effective drainage of kidney into urinary baldder. However, because of widespread use, lack of patient education or due to lack of adherence to regular follow up,patients may end up with a forgotten DJ stent which can stay undiagnosed in the pelvi-ureteral system for years and cause a lot of complications before coming to attention. We present a unique case of repetitively neglected (forgotten) DJ stent in a 28-year-old male, who had the stent placed 11 years back as a part of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and now presentedwith encrusted DJ stent with large bladder calculus and calculus deposits along entire length of the stent. To our knowledge, this study reports the forgotten stent with the maximum stone burden available in literature.
Graph with respect to superfluous elements in a lattice
Authors: Sahoo Tapatee , Panackal Harikrishnan , Srinivas Kedukodi Babushri , Kuncham Syam Prasad
Published: November 2022

We consider superfluous elements in a bounded lattice with 0 and 1, and introduce various types of graphs associated with these elements. The notions such as superfluous element graph (S(L)), join intersection graph (JI(L)) in a lattice, and in a distributive lattice, superfluous intersection graph (SI(L)) are defined. Dual atoms play an important role to find connections between the lattice-theoretic properties and those of corresponding graph-theoretic properties. Consequently, we derive some important equivalent conditions of graphs involving the cardinality of dual atoms in a lattice. We provide necessary illustrations and investigate properties such as diameter, girth, and cut vertex of these graphs.
Approximation of Jensen type reciprocal mappings via fixed point technique
Authors: Dutta Hemen , Kumar B. V. Senthil , Al-Shaqsi Khalifa
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we solve a new Jensen type m-dimensional multiplicative inverse functional equation and then its various stability problems in the setting of non-negative real numbers and non-Archimedean spaces via fixed point method. The functional equation dealt in this study is linked with the famous relationship between arithmetic and harmonic mean of m values. The role of harmonic mean is very significant in many other fields such as traffic flow theory, industrial engineering, communication system, etc. By inversing the arithmetic mean of reciprocal values, we attain the harmonic mean. This property could be analyzed as an inverse problem via the functional equation dealt in this investigation.
Pravna orodja premagovanja dohodkovne neenakosti: od družbene odgovornosti do družbene pravičnosti
Authors: Bohinc Rado
Published: November 2022

Izhodišče za razpravo v tem prispevku je: vzrok za povečujočo dohodkovno neenakost v svetu je, civilizacijski ravni 21. stoletja neprilagojen, globalno prevladujoči neoliberalni družbeno ekonomski sistem, ki poglablja prepad med vse bogatejšimi in revnimi. V tem prispevku dokazujemo, da se s prilagoditvijo in z razvojem pravnih orodij s področij, kot so socialna ekonomija, ekonomska demokracija, korporativna družbena odgovornost, lahko pomembno vpliva na premagovanje dohodkovne neenakosti in s tem na vzroke socialne izključenosti in revščine, in sicer na način, da sistemska koncentracija bogastva pri nosilcih kapitala zagotavlja človekove pravice in dostojanstva vreden položaj pri nosilcih dela, posledično pa ne ustvarja revščine. Predstavljene so smernice za tovrstna pravna orodja, hkrati pa tudi argumentacija, da ta orodja ne vzpostavljajo razmer, kjer bi zaradi pretiranih posegov v lastninsko pravico lahko trpela učinkovitost varovanja upravičenj, ki izhajajo iz zasebne lastnine, kot temelja veljavnemu globalnemu družbeno ekonomskem sistemu. Uveljavitev konsistentnih pravnih orodij, ki prilagajajo razmerja med delom in kapitalom bolj v prid dela, so pomemben prispevek k večji učinkovitosti uporabe človeških resursov na temelju pravičnejše porazdelitve ustvarjenega.
Revščina in univerzalni temeljni dohodek
Authors: Dragoš Srečo
Published: November 2022

Za razliko od uradnih predstavnikov socialne politike na slovenskem prispevek argumentira, zakaj socialna država pri nas ni uspešna pri regulaciji neenakosti in zmanjševanju revščine. Odkar so države postale promotorke neoliberalnih gospodarstev, vse bolj trpi tudi njihova socialna funkcija. Dirka navzdol, pri pravicah in sredstvih, je penetrirala v socialno politiko do te mere, da si je težko predstavljati popravljanje koncepta socialne države od znotraj. Rešitev nikakor ni v še večjem pogojevanju, nadzorovanju, sankcioniranju, aktiviranju in fleksibiliziranju. Ti pristopi bi mogoče lahko bili smiselni, če bi njihova tarča bili zgornji sloji, nikakor pa ne spodnji. Izboljšave socialnega sistema pogojevati z obljubami o še višjih stopnjah gospodarske rasti in vmes pritiskati na najrevnejše, to ni izhod iz slepe ulice, pač pa pospeševanje v prepad. Univerzalni temeljni dohodek (UTD) je najučinkovitejši, najnujnejši, najcenejši in najhitrejši ukrep za izboljšave znotraj sistema.
Elementi solidarnosti v sistemu obveznega pokojninskega in invalidskega zavarovanja
Authors: Papež Marijan
Published: November 2022

Načeli medgeneracijske solidarnosti in vzajemnosti sta temeljni načeli slovenskega pokojninskega sistema. Tako zavarovanje ne temelji izključno na aktuarskih in zavarovalniških načelih, ampak uporablja kombinacijo nekaterih pravil zavarovalnega prava in socialne solidarnosti. Uvedba najnižje in najvišje pokojninske osnove v sistem pomeni neposredno realizacijo dveh temeljnih načel obveznega zavarovanja. Odmera pokojnine od najnižje pokojninske osnove je najpomembnejši element solidarnosti v sistemu. Drugi pomembni elementi solidarnosti v sistemu so še: najvišja pokojninska osnova, najnižja pokojnina, zagotovljena pokojnina, izplačilo invalidske pokojnine v višini zagotovljenega zneska, varovalke pri odmeri invalidske, vdovske in družinske pokojnine ter pri nadomestilih iz invalidskega zavarovanja ter, najnovejša, še znesek starostne pokojnine za kmečke zavarovance, za doseženo polno pokojninsko dobo. Pomembno je, da je v sistemu obveznega zavarovanja vzpostavljeno pravo razmerje med višino vplačanih prispevkov in višino solidarnosti. V zadnjih dveh letih se je s parcialnimi spremembami pokojninske in invalidske zakonodaje začelo neustrezno posegati v sistem in se na ta način poskuša razvrednotiti višino vplačanih prispevkov in dolžino obdobja vključenosti v zavarovanje.
Nestandardne oblike dela, prekarnost in revščina
Authors: Senčur Peček Darja
Published: November 2022

Prispevek obravnava povezanost pojavov revščine, prekarnosti in nestandardnih oblik dela. Uvodoma je predstavljen pojem revščine zaposlenih in izpostavljena oblika (oziroma značilnosti) zaposlitve, kot dejavnik tveganja zanjo. Nato je opredeljen pojem prekarnost oziroma kriteriji, po katerih se presoja tveganje prekarnosti. To je praviloma večje v primeru nestandardnih oblik dela. V nadaljevanju prispevka so v Sloveniji uveljavljene nestandardne oblike dela (pogodba o zaposlitvi za določen čas, pogodba o zaposlitvi s krajšim delovnim časom, študentsko delo, začasno agencijsko delo, prikrita delovna razmerja) analizirane z vidika sedmih področij tveganja prekarnosti. Pri tem je upoštevana zakonska ureditev navedenih oblik dela, pa tudi njihovo uveljavljanje v praksi. V prispevku se ugotavlja, da bodo za odpravo in preprečevanje prekarnosti v Sloveniji potrebni ukrepi na različnih področjih, predvsem pa na področju delovnega prava in socialne varnosti. Pri tem bi bilo smiselno slediti predlogom ukrepov, ki izhajajo iz projekta MAPA. Odpravljanje prekarnosti bo pomenilo tudi zmanjšanje revščine.
Ali več pravne države pomeni tudi več socialne države (in manj revščine)?
Authors: Cerar Miro
Published: November 2022

Za razvito socialno državo, ki (naj) učinkovito preprečuje in odpravlja revščino, je predpogoj delujoča pravna država, oba koncepta pa sta pogojena z zadostno ekonomsko razvitostjo družbe, z ustrezno politično kulturo in voljo ter, nenazadnje, z dovolj razvito etično (solidarnostno itd.) zavestjo. Razmerje med pravno in socialno državo je komplementarno in asimetrično. Za socialno državo so eksistenčnega pomena tako formalni, kot tudi vsebinski vidiki pravne države, po drugi strani pa je vsaj določena mera socialnosti države oziroma vsaj minimalna blaginja predpogoj za nastanek pravne države. Socialne države ni v nedemokratičnem (avtoritarnem, totalitarnem) političnem sistemu, ki s svojo diskriminatorno in nehumano politiko onemogoča obstoj pravne države. Za odpravljanje revščine je pomembno, da ostajajo temeljna načela in vrednote pravne in socialne države v ustreznem dinamičnem ravnovesju. Odgovor na naslovno vprašanje je tako pritrdilen vse dotlej, dokler pravna država ohranja dovolj posluha za uveljavljanje pravnih dopolnitev in izjem v smeri socialne države, hkrati pa, v zadostni meri in nepopustljivo, varuje tiste svoje prvine, ki so nujna pravna podlaga in komplement socialni državi.
Problem prehranske revščine in razvoj prehranske dobrodelnosti
Authors: Leskošek Vesna , Zidar Romana
Published: November 2022

Prehranska revščina je kot družben problem v sedanjosti tesno povezana z zmanjševanjem obsega socialne države, pomanjkanjem politik za odpravo revščine in s problemom odpadne in presežne hrane. Na ravni političnih rešitev na problem naslavljanja revščine obstaja tendenca spreminjanja denarnih socialnih prejemkov v prejemke v naravi in prenašanja odgovornosti na dobrodelne organizacije. Hkrati se krepijo naravovarstvene politike držav zoper ostanke pogojno še užitne hrane. Problem odpadne hrane je svojevrstno nasprotje problemu revščine, saj se nanaša na zavrženo hrano, ki nastane v proizvodni ali distribucijski verigi in pri končnem potrošniku, kar nakazuje na problem preobilice hrane na eni in prehranske revščine na drugi strani verige. Problem prehranske revščine se vse bolj rešuje z redistribucijo zavržene hrane, ki je tudi del krožne ekonomije. Tako naj bi hkrati rešili dva velika problema: prehransko revščino in obseg zavržene hrane, kar spodbuja dobrodelno ravnanje živilskih korporacij, gostinskih obratov in posameznih gospodinjstev. Pri analizi tega pojava je pomembno razumevanje človekove pravice do hrane, ki ustreza željam in okusu ter kulturnim prehranskim normam posameznikov in tudi razumevanje procesov generiranja družbenih neenakosti in revščine.
Etnično-jezikovna podstat revščine
Authors: Nećak Lük Albina
Published: November 2022

Izsledki mnogih raziskav so pokazali, da jezik in etnična pripadnost igrata pomembno vlogo v procesih socialnega razslojevanja in potencialne izpostavljenosti revščini. Pripadniki manjšin so à priori v kočljivem položaju, saj morajo za uspešno tekmovanje na trgu dela poleg prvega, maternega jezika obvladati še drugi jezik, jezik tržišča. Socialnemu izključevanju so posebej izpostavljene migrantske skupnosti in Romi. Da se stanje ne izboljšuje, je mogoče zaznati tudi skozi govorico in poudarke nacionalnih in mednarodnih (OZN in EU) programskih dokumentov. Do nedavnega so namreč pozivali predvsem k preprečevanju socialnega izključevanja, danes pa se v ospredju pojavlja klic po odpravljanju revščine. Prispevek želi osvetlitvi večslojni učinek jezikovnega primanjkljaja in kulturne prikrajšanosti kot dejavnikov, ki pospešujeta socialno izključenost in s tem tudi revščino na etnični osnovi in opozoriti na prepleteno shemo dejavnikov, ki ovirajo izhod iz izključevalne situacije. Oriše nevralgične točke položaja Romov v Sloveniji in izpostavi etnično-jezikovne razloge, ki zavirajo proces socialnega vključevanja Romov v ožje in širše okolje in povzročajo tudi njihovo vztrajanje v revščini.
Načrtovanje in spremljanje zmanjševanja revščine
Authors: Tušar Irena , Grkman Petra
Published: November 2022

Računsko sodišče RS je izvedlo revizijo uspešnosti Vlade Republike Slovenije (v nadaljevanju: vlada) in Ministrstva za delo, družino, socialne zadeve in enake možnosti (v nadaljevanju: ministrstvo) pri zmanjševanju revščine v obdobju od leta 2017 do 2020 . Revizija je bila opredeljena kot revizija smotrnosti poslovanja, predmet revizije pa so bile aktivnosti vlade in ministrstva v zvezi z načrtovanjem, spremljanjem in doseganjem ciljev, povezanih s področjem revizije v okviru pristojnosti posameznega revidiranca. V prispevku avtorici predstavita predvsem dokumente načrtovanja, ki opredeljujejo ciljne vrednosti in ukrepe za zmanjševanje revščine s poudarkom na odsotnosti dokumentov načrtovanja. Poleg tega opozorita na "dvotirni sistem", kjer se uspešnost države pri zmanjševanju revščine meri po statističnih Eurostat kazalnikih, ukrepi države pa so vezani na nacionalne predpise o pravicah do transferjev. Predstavita tudi kompleksnost sistema pravic, kar je bilo izpostavljeno že v reviziji. Prav tako želita opozoriti na odsotnost povezovanja različnih deležnikov in prenizek nivo spremljanja področja s strani resornega ministrstva. V prispevku predstavita ključne ugotovitve izvedene revizije.
Digitalna vključenost – dejavnik (poti iz) revščine
Authors: Koritnik Boštjan , Jemec Rok
Published: November 2022

V prispevku so predstavljeni statistični podatki o dostopu do širokopasovnih elektronskih komunikacijskih storitev na območju Republike Slovenije in predvidene aktivnosti za pokritje tako imenovanih belih lis. Poleg ustreznega dostopa do IT infrastrukture avtorja kot nujen pogoj za spodbujanje digitalne vključenosti poudarita pomen možnosti uporabe osebne IT opreme in pomen znanja – digitalnih kompetenc, digitalno (ne)vključenost pa vidita tudi kot dejavnik revščine (revščina v najširšem pomenu, kamor štejemo tudi manko socialnih veščin in medosebnih povezav). Predstavljene so poglavitne rešitve nedavno uveljavljenega Zakona o spodbujanju digitalne vključenosti, do katerih se avtorja kritično opredelita, posebej do digitalnih bonov. Nadalje avtorja naslovita ustavnopravne razsežnosti digitalne vključenosti. Ustava Republike Slovenije te (ali vsebinsko podobnega pojma) ne naslavlja neposredno. Tudi Ustavno sodišče se s tem vprašanjem še ni ukvarjalo. Digitalna vključenost pa je po prepričanju avtorjev podpomenka socialne vključenosti, saj pomeni zgolj preslikavo stvarne resničnosti v digitalno razsežnost: če posameznik zaradi neustrezne infrastrukture ali pomanjkanja digitalnih kompetenc ni digitalno vključen, to lahko rezultira v socialni izključenosti v klasičnem pomenu besede.
S pametnimi strategijami v boj zoper revščino in za socialno državo: študija primera Plan Ceibal v Urugvaju
Authors: Mélon Lela , Spruk Rok
Published: November 2022

V tem prispevku preučujemo vpliv intervencij za oblikovanje človeškega kapitala na ekonomski in socialni razvoj družbe. V ta namen ocenjujemo vpliv obsežnega programa Plan Ceibal iz leta 2007 v Urugvaju na trajektorijo ekonomskega in socialnega razvoja. Program predstavlja eno izmed največjih intervencij za spodbujanje digitalne pismenosti, vključenosti ter računalniškega kodiranja in programiranja med otroci in mladostniki v javnem izobraževalnem sistemu. S kombinirano uporabo diferenčno-diferenčne in sintetično-kontrolne cenilke skušamo oceniti povprečni celotni učinek programa ter kontrafaktni scenarij, povezan z uvedbo programa. Ugotavljamo, da sta se na celotni ravni, v letih po uvedbi programa, stopnja revščine in neenakosti ter delež ranljivih zaposlitev znatno zmanjšali, medtem ko se je trajektorija človekovega razvoja povečala še hitreje kot v kontrolni skupini, kjer program ni bil uveden. V desetih letih po uvedbi programa opažamo približno 5 % upad dohodkovne neenakosti in upad stopnje revščine za približno 6 odstotnih točk, pri čemer je vpliv programa na revščino permanenten, medtem ko je vpliv na neenakost prehodne narave. Naš prispevek orisuje masovne intervencije za spodbujanje človeškega kapitala kot cenejši in bolj učinkovit način za zniževanje tveganja revščine in izboljšanje socialno-ekonomskega okolja v primerjavi s prerazdelitveno fiskalno politiko.
Javne službe kot steber socialne države: vloga Evropske unije in njenega prava
Authors: Ferčič Aleš
Published: November 2022

Avtor v prispevku obravnava javne službe kot steber socialne države. Glavni sistem opazovanja je post-Lizbonski primarnopravni okvir Evropske unije za službe oz. storitve splošnega gospodarskega pomena in njegov vpliv na naše (gospodarske) javne službe. Glavni namen prispevka je preveriti hipotezo, tj., da je vzajemno delovanje prava in javne politike na opazovanem področju vodilo do spremenjene vloge Evropske unije, in sicer od manjše k večji, od zaviralne k pospeševalni in od pasivne tudi k aktivni vlogi. Normativno-dogmatična metoda je upoštevana, vendar pretežno samo kot izhodišče. Glede na raziskovalni cilj so upoštevane še druge znanstveno raziskovalne metode, zlasti aksiološka in zgodovinsko-razvojna, deloma sociološka in primerjalna. V prispevku so obravnavane vrednote, cilji in pristojnosti Evropske unije ter primarnopravni okvir za službe- oziroma storitve splošnega gospodarskega pomena. Sledi pravno-politična obravnava razvoja področja od Rimske do Lizbonske pogodbe. V sklepnem poglavju je potrjena prej omenjena hipoteza.
Procesna načela in pravila kot dejavnik pravne in socialne države
Authors: Kovač Polonca
Published: November 2022

Zaradi hitro rastoče kompleksnosti odnosov in njihove omejene materialnopravne determiniranosti, globalizacije, digitalizacije in drugih sprememb v družbi ima procesno pravo v upravnih razmerjih čedalje večjo vlogo, saj (naj) zagotavlja učinkovito izvrševanje področnih javnih politik in hkrati preprečuje zlorabo oblasti. Pri socialno pogojenih zadevah bi se morali zato formalni elementi na ravneh pravnega urejanja in izvajanja pravil odražati kot dejavnik, v skupen koncept povezane pravne in socialne države, ne pa jemati pravil izjavljanja volje in ustavnih garancij kot administrativnih ovir. Socialne pravice posameznikov, običajno iz različnih ranljivih družbenih skupin, se pretežno določajo v upravnih postopkih, zlasti v pristojnosti socialnih zavodov. To področje je izjemno heterogeno, z nekaj milijoni izdanih odločb v Sloveniji letno zadeva prav vsakega člana skupnosti, naj bo neto vplačnik ali prejemnik socialnega sistema. Prispevek s ciljem opredelitve ključnih vodil razumevanja procesnega prava za socialne cilje obravnava tudi analizo izbranih dobrih in slabih primerov področne regulacije in upravno-sodne prakse, na primer pod kapo debirokratizacije.
Socialna država in revščina v pravu EU ter sodni praksi Sodišča EU
Authors: Trstenjak Verica
Published: November 2022

Članek obravnava pravno ureditev socialne države ter revščine na ravni EU. Čeprav socialna drzava ni poseben kriterij v primarnem pravu EU, pa je, vsaj posredno, zajeta v večih aktih EU in izhaja iz sodne prakse Sodišča EU. Pravo EU vsebuje številne določbe, ki vplivajo na status socialne države v državah članicah EU. Posebna pozornost je v članku namenjena sodni praksi Sodišča EU. Slednje pogosto obravnava zadeve, ki vplivajo na stanje socialne države in tudi revščine v državah članicah EU. Posebej je poudarjeno področje pokojnin (zadeva Brachner, C-123/10) ter pravice otrok v povezavi z otroškimi dodatki (zadeve FV, C-802/18, Jobcenter Krefeld, C-181/19 ter Komisija zoper Avstrijo, C-328/20). V obravnavanih zadevah so ponujeni odgovori tudi glede čezmejnih učinkov EU pravnih aktov in s tem povezanih socialnih pravic.
Czynniki determinujące występowanie luk podatkowych
Authors: Piwowarski Radosław
Published: November 2022

Celem artykułu jest wskazanie czynników determinujących luki podatkowe w Polsce. Analizie poddane zostały podatki: od towarów i usług (VAT), dochodowy od osób prawnych (CIT), dochodowy od osób fizycznych (PIT) i akcyzowy. Przyjmuje się, że w Polsce występują wspólne czynniki determinujące wielkość luki podatkowej dla podatków VAT, CIT, PIT i akcyzy. Na podstawie analizy ekonometrycznych modeli panelowych dla krajów Unii Europejskiej lub OECD przedstawianych w literaturze przedmiotu wskazano ogólne czynniki determinujące luki podatkowe. Następnie poddano je szczegółowej analizie na bazie dostępnych danych statystycznych oraz pogłębionych studiów literaturowych. W opracowaniu omówiono również luki polityki podatkowej dla każdego z podatków. Dzięki przeprowadzonej analizie stwierdzono, że wspólnymi makroekonomicznymi czynnikami determinującymi luki podatkowe są: poziom rozwoju i stan koniunktury gospodarczej, obciążenie podatkowe oraz efektywna administracja skarbowa, a w przypadku czynników mikroekonomicznych znaczenie nieformalnych czynników instytucjonalnych może być niejednoznaczne.
Screening and Isolation of Plant Growth Promoting, Halotolerant Endophytic Bacteria from Mangrove Plant Avicennia officinalis L. at Coastal Region of Corangi Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Lavanya J. , Deepika D. Sandhya , Sridevi M.
Published: November 2022

Background: Main objective of this study is to isolate and characterize halo tolerant plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria from leaves and pneumatophores of mangrove plant Avicennia officinalis L. Isolates were also screened for their ability to provide resistance to extreme salt tolerance and temperatures and to produce exo enzymatic activity like catalase, amylase, protease, phosphate solubilization and plant growth promoting hormone (Indole 3-acetic acid). Methods: The present study was carried out during 2020-21 to 2021-22 at field and laboratory level. Eleven endophytic bacterial isolates were obtained from mangrove Avicennia officinalis L. grown at coastal region of Corangi Wildlife Sanctuary, East Godavari. All Isolates were enumerated, purified and preserved for further studies. Result: Out of eleven isolates obtained bacteria “AOL2” isolated from leaves of Avicennia officinalis L. was found promising in production of exo enzymes, Indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) and phosphate solubilization parameters. Isolate AOL2 was a Gram’s negative, motile, moderately halophilic, rod shaped diplobacilli which grows optimally at 32°C, pH 8.3 and had a salt tolerance of 10% NaCl. Microbial identification was carried out by morphological, biochemical and by 16S rRNA sequence. Based on nucleotide homology and phylogenetic analysis isolate AOL2 showed high degree of resemblance with Salinicola salarius. On the basis of the experimental findings, strain Salinicola salarius AOL2 had a capability in producing plant growth promoting substances, exo enzymes, phosphate solubilization ability and was first reported in endophytic bacteria isolated from Avicennia officinalis L. that can be studied further.
Toxicity of Chemical Insecticides and Neem Oil on Cucurbit Fruit Fly Bactrocera cucurbitae
Authors: Ahmed F. , Amin M.R. , Rahman M.M. , Alam M.Z. , Afroz M. , Suh S.J.
Published: November 2022

Background: The popular vegetable sweet gourd (Cucurbita moschata) is cultivated throughout Bangladesh. However, its yield is low owing to the severe infestation by fruit fly Bactrocera cucurbitae. This study investigated the toxicity of chemical insecticides and neem oil on fruit flies infesting sweet gourd. Methods: The repellency of adult fruit flies and larvae and the body weight and mortality of the larvae of the fruit fly were evaluated using three chemical insecticides- Karate 2.5 EC (cyhalothrin), Ripcord 10 EC (cypermethrin) and Shobicron 425 EC (profenofos Q+cypermethrin) and neem oil (azadirachtin). Result: The repellency rate of the fruit fly larvae varied from 20.0±0.0 to 86.7±6.7% and that of the adult fly from 13.3±6.7 to 73.3±6.7%; Shobicron 425 EC, at 2000 ppm, exhibited the best results in both the cases. The treatments negatively affected the weight of larvae compared to the control, where Shobicron 425 EC caused the lowest weight (7.8±0.2 mg). The insecticides at 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment demonstrated toxic effects on the larvae, where the LC50 values ranged from 742.5 (550.4-1060.5) to 2476.3 (2150.6-2954.7) ppm at 72 h after treatment. On the whole, Shobicron 425 EC demonstrated better efficacy than the other insecticides against fruit flies.
Organic and Natural Farming- A Critical Review of Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Singh Manjinder , Rana Rajesh K. , Monga Sarang , Singh Rajbir
Published: November 2022

Agriculture was, by default, organic throughout the world before the technique of manufacturing synthetic nitrogenous fertilizer was discovered in 1903. However, availability of agro-chemicals became very common after the Second World War and the agriculture started becoming more and more chemical based. Synthetic fertilizers were introduced in India during 1965-66 and their use grew rapidly along with the high yielding varieties during the green revolution period and Indian farming, by and large, became chemical based. However, by the end of the twentieth century the ill-effects of such chemical-based farming were very well understood by the common Indian people and demand for organically produced food started growing. Different methods and procedures of growing organic food got popularity among the growers, however, a sense of confusion on package of practices on organic/natural farming kept on growing simultaneously. This review article was designed to make various concepts related to organic/natural farming crystal clear for the readers. Principals of organic farming, crop cultivation strategies in organic/natural farming, challenges in organic/ natural farming and possibilities and suggestions in organic/natural farming have been elaborately articulated in this review.
Crypto Art: NFT Art Trading and the Art Market
Authors: Wang Shuyu
Published: November 2022

This article introduces what NFT art is and what virtual art trading is and analyses the advantages, disadvantages, and current status of NFT art. It also discusses how NFT artworks have changed the trend and demand in the art market.
Progress and Perspectives of Spectroscopic Studies at Carbon K-edge Using Novel Soft X-ray Pulsed Sources
Authors: Ebrahimpour Zeinab , Coreno Marcello , Giannessi Luca , Ferrario Massimo , Marcelli Augusto , Nguyen Federico , Rezvani Seyed Javad , Stellato Francesco , Villa Fabio
Published: November 2022

The development of novel coherent and brilliant sources, such as soft X-ray Free Electron Laser (FEL) and High Harmonic Generation (HHG) enables new ultrafast analysis of the electronic and structural dynamics of a wide variety of materials. Soft X-ray FEL delivers high brilliance beams with short pulse duration, high spatial coherence and photon energy tunability. In com-parison with FELs, HHG X-ray sources are characterized by a wide spectral bandwidth and few to sub-femtosecond pulses. The approach will lead to time-resolved reconstruction of molecular dynamics, shedding light on different photochemical pathways. The high peak brilliance of soft X-ray FELs facilitates investigations in nonlinear regime, while the broader spectral bandwidth of the HHG sources may provide the simultaneous probing of multiple components. Significant technical breakthroughs in these novel sources are under way to improve brilliance, pulse dura-tion, and to control spectral bandwidth, spot size, and energy resolution. Therefore, in the next few years, the new generation of soft X-ray sources combined with novel experimental tech-niques, new detectors, and computing capabilities will allow the study of several extremely-fast dynamics, such as vibronic dynamics. In the present review, we shortly discuss recent devel-opments in experiments, performed with soft X-ray FELs and HHG sources, operating near car-bon K-absorption edge, being a key atomic component in biosystems and soft materials. Differ-ent spectroscopy methods such as time-resolved pump-probe techniques, nonlinear spectrosco-pies and photoelectron spectroscopy studies have been addressed in an attempt of a better un-derstanding of fundamental physico-chemical processes
Option Pricing: Examples and Open Problems
Authors: Halidias Nikos
Published: November 2022

The option pricing problem is equivalent with the hedging problem of the option, i.e. what the writer should do in order to hedge the risk that she undertakes selling a contract and moreover what is the probability of profit selling at a specific price. The probability of profit is also a useful information for the buyer. The hedging strategy should be practically possible for the writer otherwise has no meaning. In this note we will discuss the option pricing problem and in particular the effect of the volatility on the binomial model which is a way to hedge practically a specific option in contrast to every pricing model that assumes rebuilding of the replicating portfolio continuously in time. In order to use the binomial model we have to modified it accordingly as we have seen in a previous paper. We also point out three open problems regarding the binomial option pricing model.
Exploration on Inter-relation of Environmental Regulation, Economic Structure, and Economic Growth: Provincial Evidence from China
Authors: Tian Ye , Wan Qian , Tan Yao
Published: November 2022

The potential effect of implementing environmental regulations on economic growth is a controversial issue for a long time. As portrayed by Porter hypothesis, environmental regulations may impact on economic growth by reconstructing the economic structure. A number of previous literature proved the connections between the above three parties. With the intention of exploring the nature of this mechanism, it is important to understand the internal inter-relation of the three parties, requiring data from a large economy experiencing the transition in economic structure. By constructing a panel containing data from 30 Chinese provinces over 10 years (2008-2019), this paper investigate the dynamic inter-relation of the three parties by introducing PVAR model with Granger Test. Results reveal that environmental regulations give a “U” shaped impact to economic growth. In return, economic growth promotes the development of economy with a weakening strength. In addition, results also support the hypothesis that economic structure is the intermediate of economic growth and environmental regulations. There is a rooftop for the effect of economic structure to environmental regulations. The rooftop may signify the best optimization of primary structure.
Tomographic Medical Imaging Modalities: a Short Conceptual Introduction
Authors: Kory Mark
Published: November 2022

This paper presents an overview of tomography and different tomographic imaging modalities. The goal of this paper is to provide an understanding of various imaging modalities; in particular, how the imaging is performed, working principles, and applications. It was not intended to provide the in-depth mathematical principles of these imaging modalities, rather this paper focuses on providing the knowledge in an easy-to-grasp manner for the readers' benefit. Imaging modalities are categorized based on the physics behind image generation. First, the paper explains the general tomography principle. Then explains Ultrasound Imaging, Electrical Impedance Tomography, Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Photoacoustic Tomography (PAT), and Positron Emission Tomography (PET). In the end, the paper provides the fundamentals and review of two relatively new imagining modalities, Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT) and functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS).
Limitations of Photonic Analogue to Digital Conversion Based on Passive Chirp of Ultra-Short Laser Pulses in Optical Fiber
Authors: Starikov Rostislav , Zlokazov Evgenii , Nebavskiy Vsevolod
Published: November 2022

Application of pulsed optical sources on the base of stable mode-locked lasers, which are known for their very low time jitter, provides the opportunity for creation a high precision photonic analogue to digital converters of signals in the microwave range. However, the repetition rate of modern commercially available mode-locked lasers is limited to a few gigahertz. The increase of repetition rate is possible using the schemes that implement a passive chirp of ultra-short pulses prior to electro-optic amplitude modulator, which is driven by the signal under test, and demultiplexing of modulated signal after a modulator. In the given article we analyzed a continuous time-stretch chirp using single mode fiber as dispersive element. The limitations of input signal bandwidth and source pulses energy are considered.
Establishment of the Bacterial Microbiota in A Lab-Reared Model Teleost Fish, the Medaka Oryzias Latipes
Authors: Duval Charlotte , Marie Benjamin , Foucault Pierre , Duperron Sébastien
Published: November 2022

Oryzias latipes is an important model organism for physiology, genetics and developmental studies, and has also emerged a relevant vertebrate model for aquatic ecotoxicology. Knowledge regarding its associ-ated microbiota on the other hand is still scarce and limited to adults, despite the relevance of associated microbiome to hosts biology. This study provides first insights into the establishment of bacterial mi-crobiota during early developmental stages of laboratory-reared medaka using a 16SrRNA sequenc-ing-based approach. Major shifts in community compositions are observed, from a Proteobacte-ria-dominated community in larvae and juveniles to a more phylum diverse community towards adult-hood, with no obvious difference between female and male specimens. Major bacterial taxa found in adults, including genera Cetobacterium and ZOR0006, establish progressively and are rare during early stages. Dominance shifts are comparable to those documented in another major model teleost, the zebrafish. Results from this study provide a basis for future work investigating the influence of meda-ka-associated bacteria during host development.
The text preprocessing influence analyze for author identification problem by bigram method
Authors: Kislitsyna Maria Yurievna
Published: November 2022

On the example of sufficiently representative number of authors and texts, a comparative analysis of the impact of text preprocessing programs on the possibility of identifying authors is carried out. The question of the sensitivity of the identification error by the proportion of changes in the source text is investigated. It is shown that the author's originality is preserved after preprocessing almost at the level of the original text.
Use of Gamification Model for Homeroom Teacher in Conducting Learning Assessment (Qualitative Study)
Authors: Nurningtias Retno Ariyanti , Taufiqi Hudzaifi Syah Tsalits , Zaki Muhammad Raihan , Hikmawan Rizki
Published: November 2022

Gamification is a game element but is included in non-game contexts because it is used as an effective motivational tool. The performance performed by using gamification becomes more attractive to users. The focus of the problem is determined by the researcher based on the field of education with the object of research being a homeroom teacher. Education standards at the level required by all stakeholders, especially learning assessment. The urgency of students who are entitled to an assessment from the teacher and easily known by the school and forwarded to parents. The approach taken with a qualitative study provides a more detailed explanation to homeroom teachers about problem solutions to place gamification in student learning assessments. Data were collected based on experiments with several homeroom teachers feeling and exploring media. The finding of homeroom responses who are very satisfied with gamification provides encouragement in entering students' grades in a fun way. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the application of gamification strategies in which homeroom teachers conduct learning assessments triggers interest in fun characters, overcomes boredom with challenges and competition, gains new knowledge, and improves thinking skills to strengthen social interaction.
A New Analytical Model for Predicting Steam-Assisted Gravity-Drainage Performance in the Plateau and Decline Stages
Authors: Huang Cunkui , Zhang Shengfei , Wang Qiang , Wang Hongzhuang , Xiuluan Li , Huang Haibo , Deng Xiaohui
Published: November 2022

Analytical models have been widely used to study the steam-assisted gravity-drainage (SAGD) process. Existing analytical models for this process either underperform or are limited in their applicability. In this paper, a new analytical model is developed to address these shortcomings. The new model consists of three major components. First, an equation for predicting oil production rate during the plateau stage was developed. This equation allows for permeability anisotropy in the reservoir, which is neglected in the majority of existing analytical models. Second, a novel and concise equation for calculating oil production rate during the decline stage was derived. This equation for the first time provides a general relationship between oil production rate during the decline stage and the properties of the reservoir together with key operating conditions and simultaneously mitigates the shortcomings of the majority of existing models (e.g., inapplicable in the decline stage of the SAGD process). Third, new correlations representing heat loss from the steam chamber to the overburden and heat transfer to oil-undepleted zone ahead of the chamber interface were derived; new predictive equations for estimating steam/oil ratio (SOR) in the plateau and decline stages of SAGD were obtained. The new model has been validated against a 2D scaled laboratory experiment and a set of field data. The results of this validation show that the new model predicts the oil production rate and SOR over the lifetime of an SAGD operation (excluding the short steam rise period) reasonably well. Predictions from the new model were also compared with several existing analytical models: The new model provided a closer match to actual measurements than other models. This robust model is grounded in more physics and incorporates reservoir geology and well operating conditions. It enables better understanding of the SAGD process and significantly improves the prediction of SAGD performance. Hence, it can be used to design new SAGD projects, predict existing projects, and optimize existing projects.
Study on the Influence of Hydration Process Optimization on Concrete Humidity Field
Authors: wang yu , guo yuhang
Published: November 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Associations of morphological changes in skeletal muscle with physical activity in preschool children
Authors: Deng Pengyu , Ozaki Hayao , Natsume Toshiharu , Ke Dandan , Lu Dajiang , Suzuki Koya , Naito Hisashi
Published: November 2022

Background：Physical activity (PA) is likely to be the most important modifiable factor in skeletal muscle development. However, the influence of PA on skeletal muscle of preschool children has not been thoroughly investigated. The main objective of this study is to objectively measure PA) and then evaluate the association between site-specific muscle changes and PA in relation to sex and weight statusin preschool children aged 3 to 4 years.
Methods: A total of 86 healthy preschool children, aged 3-4 years, were instructed to wear an accelerometer for seven consecutive days. The number of steps taken daily and minutes spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and total PA (TPA) were recorded. Muscle thickness was measured by B-mode ultrasonography using a 5-18 MHz scanning head. muscle thickness was measured at seven sites: the lateral forearm, upper arm, abdomen, anterior and posterior thigh, anterior and posterior lower leg.
Results: There was no significant difference between boys and girls in terms of MVPA and TPA on weekdays and weekends. According to the linear regression models, after adjusting for daylight duration, the muscle of the posterior thigh was significantly positively associated (p < 0.05) with daily steps and MVPA on weekdays for boys and girls, respectively.
Conclusions: We found that the muscle thickness of the posterior thigh in preschool children was significantly positively associated with PA, as measured by daily steps and MVPA. We suggest that for the overall health and wellbeing of preschool children, levels of PA should be maintained and/or increased, and preferably transformed into a regular part of daily living.
An Overview of Food Waste and Its Conversion Technology Into Animal Feeds
Authors: Hasan Ziaul , Lateef Muneera
Published: November 2022

Food waste has been a global concern for the human population for a long time and it has hampered food security and environmental sustainability a lot. Food waste is any food or its unconsumable part that is discarded from the supply chain. Existing literature highlighted well the viability of using food waste in animal feeds and the safety and logistical issues that may arise. With the advancements in recent food technology and research, it’s now possible to convert food waste into valuable products that work as feed for animals. Generally, three different technologies wet based, dry based and fermentation-based are in use for the conversion of food waste into animal feed without compromising its nutritional values. Different value-added products have directly been extracted from food wastes using these technologies, from flavonoids to essential oils, and reused in various foods such as fruit juices as a flavouring agent. Amongst them, cheese whey is the most researched by-product and serves as an appropriate example of waste valorization. This review extensively emphasizes different food wastes based on their sources and the use of the latest technologies for their conversion to animal feed. The study also suggests different measures for reducing food waste while maintaining animal development and health along with environmental sustainability.
PAMR1 is a favorable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Xiaoping , Liu Teng , Deng Shihua , Zhang Ting , Wu Dongming , Xu Ying
Published: November 2022

Peptidase domain containing associated with muscle regeneration 1 (PAMR1) is downregulated in breast cancer and cervical cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the role of PAMR1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Base on the analysis of datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), a lower mRNA level of PAMR1 was detected in HCC compared that in normal liver tissues. The result was also confirmed by the experiment with immunohistochemistry (IHC), and qRT-PCR. The area under the curve(AUC) was 0.918 through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that lower PAMR1 expression predicted prognostic outcome. Then, the genes closely associated with PAMR1 were screened and enriched by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, showing their role on extracellular matrix organization, cell adhesion, and blood vessel development. Moreover, PAMR1 expression was positively correlated with immune cells infiltration. In addition, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed that the downregulated genes in the low-PAMR1 subgroup were significantly enriched in an inflammatory response, hypoxia, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, KRAS signaling, and TNF-α signaling via NF-κB signaling pathway. Collectively, PAMR1 shows lower level in HCC,and represents a favorable diagnostic and prognostic factor for HCC.