bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forward Digit Span and Word Familiarity Do Not Correlate With Differences in Speech Recognition in Individuals With Cochlear Implants After Accounting for Auditory Resolution
Authors: Bosen Adam K. , Sevich Victoria A. , Cannon Shauntelle A.
Published: July 2021

Purpose

In individuals with cochlear implants, speech recognition is not associated with tests of working memory that primarily reflect storage, such as forward digit span. In contrast, our previous work found that vocoded speech recognition in individuals with normal hearing was correlated with performance on a forward digit span task. A possible explanation for this difference across groups is that variability in auditory resolution across individuals with cochlear implants could conceal the true relationship between speech and memory tasks. Here, our goal was to determine if performance on forward digit span and speech recognition tasks are correlated in individuals with cochlear implants after controlling for individual differences in auditory resolution.

Method

We measured sentence recognition ability in 20 individuals with cochlear implants with Perceptually Robust English Sentence Test Open-set sentences. Spectral and temporal modulation detection tasks were used to assess individual differences in auditory resolution, auditory forward digit span was used to assess working memory storage, and self-reported word familiarity was used to assess vocabulary.

Results

Individual differences in speech recognition were predicted by spectral and temporal resolution. A correlation was found between forward digit span and speech recognition, but this correlation was not significant after controlling for spectral and temporal resolution. No relationship was found between word familiarity and speech recognition. Forward digit span performance was not associated with individual differences in auditory resolution.

Conclusions

Our findings support the idea that sentence recognition in individuals with cochlear implants is primarily limited by individual differences in working memory processing, not storage. Studies examining the relationship between speech and memory should control for individual differences in auditory resolution.
Test methodology for validation of multi‐frequency models of renewable energy generators using small‐signal perturbations
Authors: Nouri Behnam , Kocewiak Łukasz , Shah Shahil , Koralewicz Przemyslaw , Gevorgian Vahan , Sørensen Poul
Published: July 2021

Providing trustworthy and accurate multi‐frequency (or harmonic) models for renewable energy generators (REG) is an ongoing challenge for harmonic studies. There have been effective attempts to propose and design a test device to validate the harmonic models, mainly based on shunt current perturbations. However, using additional devices for perturbations is costly for converter‐based test sites. This paper provides the test specifications to extend the application of the grid emulators for voltage perturbations and appropriate harmonic model validation. Besides, the effects of the sequence couplings, initial emissions, and power set‐points on the test results have been overlooked in the literature. Considering these effects, this paper proposes a generic test methodology to obtain more accurate models in the sequence domain. The experimental verification of the proposed methodology is demonstrated using a 7 MVA grid emulator for testing of a 2 MVA photo‐voltaic converter and a 2 MVA Type 3 wind turbine. This way, the test challenges, specifications, and recommendations are presented using the MW‐scale experiments on different REGs. Furthermore, the effects of sequence couplings and initial emissions on the calculation results are investigated and compared. The proposed methodology is applicable for harmonic model validation as well as empirical modelling.
A policy iteration method for mean field games
Authors: Cacace Simone , Camilli Fabio , Goffi Alessandro
Published: July 2021

The policy iteration method is a classical algorithm for solving optimal control problems. In this paper, we introduce a policy iteration method for Mean Field Games systems, and we study the convergence of this procedure to a solution of the problem. We also introduce suitable discretizations to numerically solve both stationary and evolutive problems. We show the convergence of the policy iteration method for the discrete problem and we study the performance of the proposed algorithm on some examples in dimension one and two.
Does river restoration result in improved environmental heterogeneity?
Authors: Yu Junshuang
Published: July 2021

Rivers can shape diverse landscapes, determine the spatial connectivity of river and terrestrial life, and provide a variety of resources and services. Rivers are often over-bound due to the need for flood control and irrigation. Rivers affected by human disturbance often require restoration to improve the ecosystem services they provide. Environmental heterogeneity is generally considered to be the non-uniform variation of environmental elements in space and/or time. The relationship between variability in physical characteristics of restored rivers and biological communities in the river environment is a highly complex feedback, and studying and summarising changes in environmental heterogeneity following river restoration can help refine methodologies for monitoring river restoration outcomes. This study highlights the variability in river geomorphology and river ecology, and demonstrates the feasibility and necessity of incorporating environmental heterogeneity indicators into river restoration outcome evaluation systems at three levels: hydrological, geomorphological and ecological.
Evolution of global oil benchmarks: new trends in pricing in the international oil market
Authors: Katyukha Pavel , Mottaeva Angela
Published: July 2021

This article was prepared as part of the government contract as requested by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation on the subject formulated as «Structural changes in economy and society as a result of achieving the target indicators of National projects, which provide opportunities to organize new areas of social and economic activity, including commercial, both in Russia and abroad» (project No. FSSW-2020-0010).
Requiem for Baikal as a warning
Authors: Tkachev Valentin , Dagaev Yurii
Published: July 2021

Baikal, the “sacred sea”, a unique natural phenomenon with fresh water resources for the entire planet, is threatened with turning into a muddy puddle. In recent years, the shores of Lake Baikal have become more and more accessible for exploration by tourists from the center of Russia and abroad. Tourists and entrepreneurs from China, who compensate for the economic vacuum in Siberia, providing the local population with work in the absence of a state system of economic integration of the region into the general economic structure of the country, are especially actively populating the south of Baikal. Travel companies that have reached Lake Baikal provide guests with minimal comfort in primitive coastal houses and do not care about neutralizing household waste flowing into the lake. The most dangerous source of pollution is the pools with poisonous sludge located on the very shore of the lake, which were left after the closure of the Baikal Pulp and Paper Mill in 2013. In the near future they can be washed away by mountain mudflows. It is necessary that the central and local authorities, when creating the programs to prevent the destruction of Lake Baikal, should be guided by the simplest form of survival developed by nature to extinguish the phenomena that threaten its existence. This is the concept of METABOLISM, which means a system of living in the regime of the circulation of substances, the real preservation of the ecological balance even by tough measures of educating the consciousness of a person.
Quantity and quality of groundwater resources distribution along Sirdarya province, Uzbekistan
Authors: Kulmatov Rashid , Odilov Sarvar , Khasanov Sayidjakhon , Allaberdiev Rustam
Published: July 2021

In the current context of climate change, water resources are an important source of the economy of Uzbekistan. The article assesses the climatic conditions of Sirdarya province for 2006-2018, groundwater resources for 2010-2018, their efficient use, the chemical composition of groundwater (chlorine and sulfate from anions, Cu, Be, Mo, As, Pb, Se from harmful heavy metals and Sr). Analysis of the time and space distribution of the amount of heavy metals in the groundwater of the province showed that their amount did not exceed the allowable limit. Changes in the amount of groundwater used for drinking, irrigation, industrial and technical purposes in the province were identified and evaluated, as well as scientific and practical recommendations for sustainable use and protection of groundwater resources.
Properties and biological activity of rainfed gray soils formed in neogenic slopes in Uzbekistan
Authors: Raimbaeva Gulzira , Mirkhaydarova Gulmira
Published: July 2021

In Uzbekistan, along with gray soils formed in lyoss deposits, reddish soils formed in Neogene deposits are also widespread, which are distributed in mountainous and foothill areas. Reddish soils differ from gray soils formed in lyoss deposits by their appearance, genesis, and properties. The reddish-gray soils formed in the Neogene deposits are widespread in many parts of Uzbekistan and are subject to various levels of erosion. The reddish-brown soils formed in the Neogene deposits are mainly formed in the parent rocks that form a homogeneous lyoss soil, in some places these layers are very shallow and in the strata occur tertiary and calcareous loams, sands and conglomerates. The reddish-gray soils formed in the Neogene deposits are eroded to varying degrees as they are spread on different levels of slope. Erosion damages the fertile layer on the surface of the soil and reduces its fertility. Eroded soils are washed to varying degrees. Under the influence of the erosion process, the amount of humus and nutrients in the soil decreases sharply. Erosion processes adversely affect the mechanical composition, physical, agrochemical properties and biological activity of the soil. As a result, soil fertility decreases. For the soil to be fertile, it is necessary to maintain and increase the amount of humus and nutrients in it.
Conditions and factors of humus formation in soils of mountain and foothill
Authors: Tashkuziev Maruf , Shadieva Nilufar
Published: July 2021

On the basis of information on the climatic factor, the intensity of humus formation in the soil was estimated. It was revealed that as the transition from the plain to the foothills and low mountains due to changes in atmospheric precipitation and hydrothermal regime, the period of biological activity (PBA) of the soil increases from the plain to the mountains. The balance of annual radiation in the foothill plain is 47 kcal/cm2, in the high-mountain belt - 53 kcal/cm2. As the transition from the plain to the mountainous part of the relief, an increase in soil PBA was revealed and, in accordance with this, the content and reserves of humus, as well as labile humic substances in the humus composition, increase. By the type of humus, light gray soils are humate-fulvate and fulvate; typical, dark gray soils and mountain brown soils, fulvate-humate; light brown meadow-steppe soils, and humate. It also provides information on the energy reserves of humus for the considered soils. The correlations between the indicators of PBA and humus for horizon “A” in the studied soils were calculated.
Parameters of tillage working bodies
Authors: Obidov Abdulhay , Nuriev Karimjon , Allanazarov Madrahim , Kurbonov Ermamat , Khudoyberdiev Rustam
Published: July 2021

This article notes that most of the soil-cutting working bodies wear out their socks a lot, as a result of which their limiting state is reached. Despite the fact that other parts of the working body are still workable and the stock of metal for wear is still sufficient, the working body is completely rejected. In this regard, it is emphasized that increasing the durability of the nose parts leads to an increase in the durability of the entire working body. To determine its parameters, the condition for leveling the resources of socks and other parts of the soil-cutting working bodies is considered. When determining the length of the nose of the bits, an analytical dependence is recommended, taking into account the geometric parameters of the bit and the plowshares welded to it. To obtain self-sharpening in the process of bit nose wear, it is recommended to use a new two-faceted profile. The rational values of the length, the angle of the wedge and the sharpening of the nose are determined, equal to 90 mm, 100 and 350-400, respectively. Based on the condition of rational combinations of strength and self-sharpening characteristics of the toes of bits, the thickness and width of the latter were determined, equal to 22.3 mm and 30 mm, respectively.
Russian pharmaceutical industry innovative development: present state and prospects
Authors: Kopteva Lyudmila , Budagov Artur , Shabalina Lyudmila
Published: July 2021

In the article the innovative development of the Russian Federation pharmaceutical industry is considered in the context of global trends and world pharmaceutical market development priority areas. The countries’ patent activity in the sphere of medical technologies and pharmaceuticals is considered. The main technological and conceptual trends in the development of the Russian pharmaceutical market have been identified. The results obtained are aimed at the Russian pharmaceutical market innovative development in the context of global instability. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that on its basis it is possible to develop tools aimed at increasing the level of innovation in the Russian pharmaceutical industry.
Activity of cesium-137 in fruiting bodies of species of the genus Leccinum in the vicinity of the Seytesyavr Lake (Khibiny)
Authors: Ivanov Dmitriy , Ivanov Evgeniy
Published: July 2021

Analysis of the specific activity of cesium-137 in the fruiting bodies of representatives of the genus Leccinum collected during mass fruiting in the vicinity of the Seytesyavr Lake (Khibiny) showed that it does not exceed the permissible values. The data obtained can be used as reference data for comparison with the results of accumulation of cesium-137 by fruiting bodies of species of the genus Leccinum collected in other regions.
Application of the biopreparation ‘Orgamika F’ against fusarium disease of cabbage and other cole vegetables
Authors: Allayarov Abdurakhman , Zuparov Mirakbar , Khakimov Albert , Omonlikov Alisher
Published: July 2021

This article provides information on the spread, development and damage of fusarium disease, which occurs in cabbage vegetable crops (white cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, red cabbage, savoy cabbage, Chinese cabbage) and the use of biological preparations against this disease. Healthy and vigorous seedlings were obtained when fusarium disease was treated with a titrated suspension Orgamica F of 1∙108 CFU (colony forming unit)/ml, and the number of diseased seedlings was 0.6–1.0%. It was noted that 0.9-1.3% of seedlings from seeds treated with a titrated suspension of the preparation 1∙104 CFU/ml were infected with fusarium disease. Also, in the experiment, a option that showed high biological efficacy against white fusarium disease: Orgamika F biopreparation 3 times, ie with a suspension of 1∙108 CFU/ml titer per seed before sowing, 2% suspension of the biopreparation (2∙106 CFU/ml titration suspension). It is recommended to apply the biopreparation to the seedling root before planting and 15 days after planting in the field with a suspension of 0.25% concentration (2.5∙104 CFU/ml titration) under production conditions.
Adoption of e-technology in the context of training in sustainability programs, cultural characteristics and European experience
Authors: Leontev Mikhail
Published: July 2021

This study examines the influence of culture at the individual level on the adoption and use of electronic distance learning technologies by students of a technical university when teaching in sustainable development programs. Four cultural dimensions were investigated: individualism / collectivism, masculinity / femininity, power distance and uncertainty avoidance at the individual level. We also used the Technology acceptance model (TAM), which includes additional constructs. The results of the study demonstrated that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, social norms, quality of work life, individualism, masculinity were important determinants of students' behavioral intentions to adopt e-learning technologies when teaching in sustainable development programs. The results obtained are considered both from a theoretical and a practical point of view, recommendations for improving electronic distance learning are proposed.
Analysis of requirements for modern finishing materials in interior solutions for inpatient facility ward units
Authors: Balakina Alevtina , Lempl Yury
Published: July 2021

This article is devoted to the detailed analysis of modern requirements for finishing materials, used in the interiors of inpatient facility ward units. The authors have studied a number of regulatory normative documents acting in the territory of the Russian Federation and analyzed the practical experience of interior decoration of ward units at the health care capital construction facilities. The authors highlight and describe the main requirements for the finishing materials for the inpatient facility ward units and point out the peculiarities of solutions in the interiors. A classification of modern finishing materials (with an indication of their technical characteristics) used in the decoration of interiors of long-term care units is made on the basis of the practical experience studied by the authors taking into account the functional purpose of the premises as well as the variants of visual design of interiors of inpatient facility ward units.
Analytical and numerical study of influence of the shape of the section on lateral buckling of doubly symmetrical sections
Authors: Egereva Elvira , Bonga Hugues
Published: July 2021

This paper presents an analytical and numerical study of the lateral buckling of beams with double symmetrical I and H cross sections having substantially the same plastic modulus of resistance around the strong axis subjected by a uniformly distributed load in order to understand the influence of the one of the forms during lateral buckling. For this, a critical elastic moment analysis is carried out using ANSYS software using the element SHELL181 and analytical formulas from Eurocode3. Finally, there is a presentation of the non-linear behavior of these two cross sections.
Textile fibers resistant to biodestruction is a way to improve indoor ecological conditions
Authors: Illarionova Ksenia , Asfondiarova Irina , Grigorev Sergei
Published: July 2021

The aim of research was to observe and to describe biodestructions of fabrics that usually used inside a home, to estimate the destruction (total number of destruction “N” and destruction index “K”). The samples of fabrics were placed into a thermostat in sterile Petri dishes on moistened sterile filter paper in order to stimulate the microflora occurred on fibers. Incubation carried out in a thermostat at a +24-28 °C, humidity of 90-100% and exposed for 8 month. The samples examined with a microscope. As a result of the study of fiber’s damage, the types of damage were identified as follow: layering, fretting, mottling, fouling, spotting, swelling, granular disintegration, delamination, thinning, and damage of the fiber wall. Initially the most destructed was detected sample of natural silk and hemp according to the highest value of destruction index K. However, after 8 months of exposure, this sample turned out to be the most resistant to biodegradation. The data obtained based on the evaluation of the biostability of fabrics made from various textile fibers showed that the usage of natural silk, hemp and polyester able to supply textile with resistance to biodegradation by spontaneous microflora.
Algorithm for calculating the rail-ground potential in heavy load conditions
Authors: Ignatenko Ivan , Vlasenko Sergey , Tryapkin Evgeniy , Kovalev Vladimir
Published: July 2021

Increased freight turnover on railway transport inevitably leads to increased traction current in DC and AC traction power supply systems. The increase in traction current is already causing problems related to the normal operation of the 25 kV AC traction power supply systems. One of the adverse consequences of the increased traction currents is the increased rail-to-ground potential. This has already caused a number of accidents and related traffic interruptions on the Far Eastern Railway of Russia and other railway sections powered with alternating current. The study considers the problem of increased rail-to-ground potentials and provides basic formulae for calculating the wave parameters of the rail network and rail-to-ground potentials. Various methods are given for calculating rail-to-ground potentials for a 25 kV AC traction power supply system. Since in an alternating current system, expressions for calculating the potential are functions of a complex variable, the calculation of such expressions requires the use of special programs. Adaptation of existing methods to modern software and computing systems allows you to optimize and significantly speed up the process of calculating the “rail-to-ground” potentials, either considering the use of certain potential-reducing measures or not. A calculation method includes an algorithm developed for calculating the rail-to-ground potentials in the 25 kV AC traction power supply system for an inter-substation zone of any length with any number of electric locomotives within the zone.
The impact of the shadow economy on the country’s financial security
Authors: Meleshko Oleg , Prokopenko Nataliia , Gudz Olena
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to determining the features of the shadow economy's impact on financial security. For this purpose the following are carried out: generalization of calculation indicators in the shadow economy; influence assessment level of the shadow economy on the volume of gross domestic product (further-GDP); based matrix paired correlation coefficients integral indicator of financial security and factors of shadow economy by various methods; conducted surveillance on the dynamics of the integral index of financial security and the level of the shadow economy, calculated using monetary means and integral measure of financial security of cash in UAH and the dollar; investigated the interconnection statistical indicators and indicators of financial security dynamics of cash in the economy; evaluated the safety performance of non-banking financial market and the volume of cash in dollar terms in dynamics; Then a matrix construction paired correlation coefficients tax rate component of financial security and the coefficients of the shadow economy, estimated by different methodological approaches; monitored security tax rate and share of loss-making enterprises and statistical significance is estimated regression equation pair of security and tax number of unprofitable enterprises.
Digitalization trend in business
Authors: Pirogova Oksana , Savelyeva Nadezhda , Timkina Tatiana
Published: July 2021

The aftermath of the pandemic in 2020 shocked the country’s economy, but at the same time, the desire to keep the business allowed, in record time, to completely rebuild the usual patterns of behavior in the implementation of business processes across all sectors of the economy. The inability to go to work, solve everyday issues, carry out a commodity-money exchange, allowed the remote service model to burst so rapidly. The construction of a mechanism for the formation of work on the basis of electronic platforms, software products, Internet sources made it possible to form a single development trend - digitalization. This process is inextricably linked with the Internet, the digitization of the actions of all market participants. In this article, using the banking sector as an example, the main problems of modern digital services are considered, based on which the main directions of innovation are put forward, as well as promising areas of investment are substantiated.
Institutional imperatives for sustainable socio-ecological and economic development
Authors: Kandrokova Marina , Makhosheva Salima , Efendiev Aslizhan , Uyanaeva Halimat , Dzgoev Batraz
Published: July 2021

The sustainable growth of the modern economy is based on socio-ecological and economic development. One of the key development trends on a global scale is the formation of an innovative type of economy, and, as a consequence, in the process of economic development of most countries, including Russia, the need to create an institutional environment corresponding to a new type of economic growth comes to the fore. Accordingly, the need to create an adequate, adaptive to regional characteristics, assessment of the institutional environment of the region, to create mechanisms for its measurement, to establish indicators of efficiency increases. Firstly, indicators of the effectiveness of institutions will make it possible to visualize the process of development of the region and thereby increase its investment attractiveness. These indicators will stimulate the interest of business representatives and, first of all, those who are ready to invest their funds and are looking for territories that satisfy them according to all the criteria necessary for successful commercial activity and profit in the future. Secondly, measuring the effectiveness of regional institutions allows federal authorities, the public, and even various international financial organizations and aid funds that provide loans and multifaceted support, including admission to clubs in the developed world, to adequately assess the activities of local power structures, for which the growth of institutional indicators in the region is one of the key intentions contributing to the increase of their authority and the attractiveness of the territory as a whole. Thirdly, the assessment of the institutional environment allows specialists, on the basis of available indicators, to determine both the advantages and advantageous competitive positions of the economic system as a whole and its vulnerabilities, make sound economic forecasts for the near future and analyze the impact of such factors as the state politics, social structure, traditions, moral norms, history, geography, and natural resources on the state of the institutional environment.
Problems of choosing strategies for diversifying companies
Authors: Syuzeva Olga , Zheltenkov Alexander
Published: July 2021

The paper considers the problems of choosing strategies for diversifying companies. It was revealed that in corporate practice, there is a certain tendency towards moderately diversified companies with related business lines (relational diversification). The authors analyzed a set of four main growth strategies: market penetration; market expansion; product innovation, and diversification. Their advantages and disadvantages are identified. Depending on the degree of risk appetite, three types of diversification were studied: horizontal diversification, vertical diversification, and lateral diversification (diagonal diversification). The reasons for diversification are analyzed, which may lie both in the environment of the company (exogenous) and within the company (endogenous). The diversification of stocks and monetary investments is considered, the advantages of this process are assessed. It is revealed that despite the fact that the advantages of portfolio diversification are undeniable, due to its complexity, it is almost impossible for investors to independently create effective security portfolios. The need to take into account systemic and non-systemic risks in portfolio diversification is proved. The ways to diversify the portfolio of stocks are described. It is concluded that in companies, regardless of whether they are expanding their services or opting for long-term product diversification, in both cases, an entrepreneurial restructuring plan can only be implemented under certain conditions.
Modal characteristics of advertising slogans in English and Chinese
Authors: Skripnik Kseniya , Gerasimova Anna , Belyaeva Irina , Kovsh Ekaterina
Published: July 2021

The present work explores the modal architectonics of the advertising slogan as a type of microtext in English and Chinese. The authors attempted to describe the basic markers of the text category of modality. According to this data we could carry out the linguistic analysis of the selected language material. The main language models of English and Chinese advertising slogans are revealed, such as: slogan-axiom, slogan-commissive, slogan-directive, slogan-interrogative and slogan-qualitative. As the result of the study, we have revealed and distinguished a list of invariant features such as: modal determination, one-system modal construction, monomodality, heterogeneity of language means. They are used to construct a text category of modality in this type of the microtext in the English and Chinese languages, in general, and for each language model, in particular.
The main features of the lingvo-cultural type “teacher” in the Russian and English lingvo-cultures
Authors: Bhatti Natalia , Zakharova Maria , Kharitonova Elena , Savchenko Elena
Published: July 2021

We study distinctive characteristics of lingvo-cultural type “teacher” in educational sphere in Russian and English lingvo-cultures. A comparative analysis of the given type on three linguistic levels is presented: conceptual, perceptual and associative fields. The choice of the lingvo-cultural type “teacher” for analysis is justified by the present global situation which highlights the importance of the profession regardless of time and place. The paper consists of the 6 main sections (abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion, and references). The body of the research includes the experiment section. We conducted a survey: an internal (among the bachelor students of Moscow Region State University) as well as an external (administered via online among the English natives). All the respondents were offered a sample questionnaire (a set of questions and prompts to collect information about a “typical” teacher’s appearance, age, gender, family status, origin, occupation, communicative behavior, etc.) Analyzing survey experimental data we came to the conclusion that the typified personalities are socially significant and vital both in the English and Russian lingvo-cultures, have fixed conceptual characteristics, recognizable and easily identified on mental and linguistic levels. Though the existing and revealed due to the experiment differences in mentality, world-view and religion between the West and Russia find their expression in a certain aloofness and detachment of an American /British teacher / professor from social life. The overall positive attitude to the image of the teacher / professor in both lingvo-cultures is connected with a high social position of this type of personality and shows an everlasting respect to the status of the mentor in the mind of English or Russian speakers. The carried out research has shown the increasing interest in linguistic personology as a new branch of linguistics. The research can be continued and advanced from the point of view of lingvo-culturology, psychology and sociology.
Traditions of folk culture and education
Authors: Galkina Marina
Published: July 2021

The research on problems on preserving identity of tradition folk art and craft for strategic objective to design modern methods and tools in order to contribute to the creation of an education process. Experience was acquired in conducting relevant large-scale festivals, competitions, science conferences clearly demonstrated the younger generations growing ability in ownership to provide effective Russian Art cultural. Increased attention to realize workshops with Folk art and craft in the Moscow region system of additional education indicated positive dynamic for introducing teachers and children’s through period 2010-2020 years. It is notable for protection cultural historical heritage areas of Moscow region, which directed towards traditional Russian decorative Art especially over the past years.
Corporate education in personnel training for engineering and civil engineering industries
Authors: Kazantsev Kirill
Published: July 2021

Period of active global cybernation and business automation was marked by a problem for Russian employers in the form of a shortage of qualified personnel capable of ensuring the development and competitiveness in world business markets. There was a problem of forming a system for training new human resources that would satisfy the changing economic realities. The Russian Federation had a higher education system as one of the most stable and well-functioning mechanisms for training personnel for all economical sectors until the 90th of the last century, before the country collapse and the beginning of political and economic reforms. An indicator of the system effectiveness was that the graduates of Russian universities were invited to work by well-known corporations from many countries of the world. Over the years of the reforms, Russia has lost its previous model of education, which significantly affects the quality of personnel training today [1]. Many Russian enterprises are forced to follow the path of independent training and specialists retraining. At first, training was organized locally, it was by chance, but Russian entrepreneurs began to adopt foreign experience in forming a knowledge system in a company and even create corporate universities over the time. The study examines preconditions for the system formation and the corporate education market development, provides current models of knowledge accumulation and proposes the author's cognitive model of personnel professional development.
Peculiarities of hierarchy of leaders’ personal values
Authors: Partyko Neonila , Kryvopyshyna Olena , Pomytkina Liubov , Pomytkin Eduard
Published: July 2021

The aim of the research is to confirm whether gender, age, residence in rural or urban areas and work experience influence the peculiarities of hierarchy of leaders’ personal values, and also to investigate the differences in the hierarchy of leaders’ personal values and that of their subordinates. The significant changes in the social value system create for the majority of people the urgent need to adopt new benchmarks and rebuild their personal values system. This also applies directly to the modern leader who is trying to reach a mutual understanding in the relationship. The goal of our research is to study the peculiarities of the hierarchy of leaders’ personal values. These were the hypotheses of the study: 1) the specific and individual-oriented values prevail in leaders as well as values of “business” and “self-affirmation”; 2) the hierarchy of value self-determination of modern leaders in education is influenced by their work experience, residence in rural or urban areas, age and gender. To solve the empirical problems of our research and to confirm or refute the hypotheses, we used the method of studying the value orientations, developed by the American researcher Milton Rokeach. According to the results of the research, the most important leaders’ terminal values have been the specific and individually oriented values, and the most important leaders’ instrumental values have been mainly the values of «business» and «self-affirmation», while gender affects the terminal and instrumental values, and the age impacts mainly instrumental values.
Socio-ecological practices of constructing a comfortable and safe urban environment
Authors: Lushnikov Dmitry , Ivashova Valentine , Popova Natalia , Gladchenko Victoria , Taysaeva Bella
Published: July 2021

The article presents the socio-ecological practices of constructing a comfortable and safe urban environment on the example of the southern region of Russia and current trends in the scientific discussion affecting this topic. We considered expert assessments of the quality of training graduates of gardening and landscape construction programs based on the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard. We presented the role of agrarian education in the promotion of environmentally friendly technologies in the preparation of graduates of gardening and landscape construction. Attention is paid to the modern skills of designing the urban environment based on the practice of involving the local community in this process and promoting transdisciplinary methods of researching the needs of the population. We proposed the areas of improving the process of training students under the program of garden and park and landscape construction, capable of contributing to the achievement of the strategic national goal of developing a comfortable and safe environment for the life of Russians.
Prospects for using foreign experience in the organization of executive power in Russia
Authors: Goncharov Vitaly , Mikhaleva Tatiana , Vasilevich Grigory , Balashenko Sergey , Zalesny Jacek , Pukhov Artem
Published: July 2021

This article is devoted to the analysis of problems and prospects of using in the Russian Federation the positive experience of the formation and functioning of the executive branch abroad. The paper substantiates the need to implement successful developments in the system of public administration received in other countries into the Russian system of executive power. The paper assesses the opportunities, prospects and risks of using the positive experience of the formation and functioning of the executive branch abroad. The authors prove that in the process of optimizing the executive power system in the Russian Federation, it is necessary to use foreign positive experience in the formation and functioning of government bodies (executive power). However, this experience should be evaluated according to the system of criteria justified in this scientific article.
Study of attitudes of Kazan residents to the perspective of refusing the use of a personal car as a means of transportation in the city
Authors: Zakirova Alsou , Klychova Guzaliya , Khusainov Shaukat , Zakirov Zufar , Zakirov Ayaz
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the attitude of Kazan residents to the prospect of not using a personal car as a means of transportation in the city. The aim of this study is to develop recommendations to popularize the idea of using public transport services of Kazan city residents on the basis of the analysis and its evaluation. To achieve the goal, the following main tasks were set and solved: a theoretical and empirical interpretation of the main concepts on the topic of the study; a comparative analysis of the volume of public costs from the use of a private car by residents of Kazan and their use of public transport services was carried out; the system of public transport in the city of Kazan was evaluated. The methodological tools of the study included a questionnaire survey and content analysis. As a result of the study, we found that at the moment there is indeed a problem within the city of Kazan, which consists in the impossibility of ensuring the universal transition of residents from the use of private cars to the consumption of public transport services, due to the lack of development of the relevant infrastructure.
Researches on increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration in stationary waters
Authors: Boltinescu (Roza) Marilena Monica , Sima Nicolae Vlad , Albu Dorina Nicoleta , Petroşel (Bănică) Mihaela , Constantin Mihaela
Published: July 2021

This paper presents a way to solve the transfer rate equation of oxygen in water. After running a calculation program, the graph of the function that indicates the increase of the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water as a function of time is plotted. Constructed in an original manner, the experimental installation allows the measurement of the increase of the dissolved oxygen concentration in water. The experimental obtained results are compared with the theoretically obtained data.
Improving the lifetime of an electro-compressor for autoclave with optimized buffer tank
Authors: Vlăducă Iulian , Borzea Claudia Irina , Petre Carmen Gheorghiţa , Hriţcu Romeo Dorin , Maier Raluca Lucia , Ringheanu Vicențiu Liviu , Stanciuc Ramona Manuela
Published: July 2021

In order to increase the research capabilities in the field of lowweight intelligent materials and high structural performance, and also to increase energy efficiency, a study was conducted on improving the operating time of a hot air autoclave compressor with a buffer tank. The booster screw electro-compressor of 200 kW is designed to compress technological air to the installation’s necessary parameters at 1 ppm air purity, and the pressurized buffer tank is designed to reduce the number of start-ups of the compressor unit and its motor, in order to increase its lifespan. The pressure can vary in the designed buffer tank from 7 to 26 bar (abs). The autoclave parameters record thermodynamic modifications as it heats up to 400 °C at the working pressure. Cool air is required during the cooling process. The air mass exchanged during operation for cooling down to atmospheric temperature was calculated. The data obtained was used for validating an optimally designed buffer tank within the required operational parameters limits, set and acquired by the custom-made automation system.
Investigation of the thermodynamic and thermal properties of clary sage (Salvia sclareaL.) essential oil and its main components
Authors: Tasheva Stanislava , Gandova Vanya , Prodanova-Stefanova Vanya , Marinova Krasimira , Dimov Milen , Dobreva Krasimira , Stoyanova Albena
Published: July 2021

The some physochemical and chemical properties of the clary sage (Salvia sclareaL.) essential oil were determined. The main constituents in the clary sage essential oil (above 2%) were: linalyl acetate (34.62%),β-linalool (17.67%),α-muurolene (8.27%),β-caryophyllene (5.60%),α-ylangene (5.18%),α-terpineol (4.84%), n-docosane (3.00%), and neryl acetate (2.34%).The thermodynamic and thermal properties of essential oil and its main components were investigated.
Performance of cylindrical solar still with hemispherical cover: CFD simulation study
Authors: Abed Qahtan A , Hachim Dhafer M , Abd Al-Wahid Wisam A
Published: July 2021

Solar distillation collectors are the device that runs on freshwater products. The solar still is one solar thermal technology for purification of water. This technique is employed to convert saline water into freshwater. At this time, the human being increased freshwater required consumption because of the increasing population density. The thermal analysis of a new design of cylindrical solar still (CSS) with hemispherical cover has been studied. A computer simulation model was improved to investigate its performance. The 2D symmetry simulation models of cylindrical solar still have been validated. The simulation model can emulate the temperature value of different points inside the CSS. The simulation results confirm an acceptable agreement with the experimental result was reported in the literature. From this simulation, it was noted that the freshwater product from the cylindrical solar still obtains the maximum daily productivity of 6.1 kg/m2 as compared to a traditional single slope solar still SSS as 3.18 kg/m2 during the day.
Energy efficiency in the building materials industry. Case study: Brick manufacturing in Romania
Authors: Gheorghiu Cristian , Scripcariu Mircea , Gheorghiu Miruna , Dobrica Alexandra Gabriela
Published: July 2021

In this paper an overview of the construction materials industry, from an embedded energy point of view will be presented. A case study for four brick factories in Romania will also analyzed. The Energy Performance Indicators (EnPI) of each factory will be evaluated and compared with the global reference values and the most technically and economically feasible Energy Performance Improvement Actions (EPIAs) will be presented. The replicability of these EPIA’s in different materials manufacturing industries will be also analyzed.
The comparison of thermal comfort test results in selected traditional and modern buildings
Authors: Krawczyk Natalia , Krakowiak Justyna
Published: July 2021

The use of renewable energy sources in buildings is more and more common (both for heating and cooling purposes, as well as electricity generation). The paper focuses on the thermal comfort tests in two buildings: the traditional one (that uses non-renewable sources of energy) and the modern intelligent building “Energis” of Kielce University of Technology. The thermal sensations of students in these two buildings have been compared based on the questionnaire survey and conclusions have been drawn regarding the differences between the feelings of thermal comfort in those two buildings. Apart from subjective feelings of the volunteers, the measurements of indoor air parameters were conducted in both buildings and have been presented in the paper.
Desorption capacity of raw energy bars with fruits of Zizyphus jujuba Mill. - Bulgaria
Authors: Durakova Albena , Vasileva Adelina , Gogova Tzvetana , Temelkova Milena , Krasteva Rumyana
Published: July 2021

The current study presents a mixture for raw energy bars of fresh fruits of the exotic fruit Zizyphus jujuba Mill. with origin - Bulgaria. The physico-chemical indices of the ready mixture are analyzed. A high content of carbohydrates - 24.45% and of nourishing fiber - 22.08% is reported. The desorption capacity of the exotic mixture is examined for temperatures of 10°С, 25° and 40°С in eight watery activities from 11% to 85%. The analysis shows that the equilibrium moisture lowers with the raise of temperature in constant watery activities. The desorption isotherms are of type III according to the classification of Brunauer et al. The modified model of Halsey is recommended for the isotherms description according to the estimation criteria distribution, and the model of Oswin - as a second modified model. The values of the monolayer moisture content in aw <0.5 for temperatures 10°С - 5.46% dry basis (d.b.), 25°С - 5.72% d.b. and 40°C - 4.05% d.b. are calculated Brunauer-Emett-Teller model.
Experimental research of equipment for burying in the ground the drip irrigation lines
Authors: Manea Dragoș , Marin Eugen , Gheorghe Gabriel , Persu Cătălin , Mitroi Roxana
Published: July 2021

The equipment for burying in the ground the drip irrigation lines was designed and built at INMA Bucharest, within a complex research project carried out in partnership with other institutes, universities and research stations in Romania. The equipment is intended for drip irrigation technology for field crops. Subsurface crop irrigation technology is a variant of the classic drip irrigation technology, in which the drip lines are buried below the soil surface, providing water directly to the root zone of the plants. The depth of burial and the distance between the drip lines depends on the type of soil and the structure of the roots of the crop. The activities prior to the experimental research consisted in determining the characteristics of the test field (soil compactness, soil moisture, geographical coordinates of location). Experimental research of the equipment aimed at determining the energy indices (working speed, traction force, traction power, working capacity and fuel consumption).