bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PerFuSIT: Personalized Fuzzy Logic Strategies for Intelligent Tutoring of Programming
Authors: Chrysafiadi Konstantina , Virvou Maria
Published: September 2024

Recent advancements in Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS), driven by Artificial Intelligence (AI), have attracted substantial research interest, particularly in the domain of computer programming education. Given the diversity in learners' backgrounds, cognitive abilities, and learning paces, the development of personalized tutoring strategies to support effective attainment of learning objectives has become a critical challenge. This paper introduces PerFuSIT (Personalized Fuzzy Logic Strategies for Intelligent Tutoring of Programming), an innovative fuzzy logic-based module designed to select the most appropriate tutoring strategy from five available options, based on individual learner characteristics. The available strategies include revisiting previous content, progressing to the next topic, providing supplementary materials, assigning additional exercises, or advising the learner to take a break. PerFuSIT's decision-making process incorporates a range of learner-specific parameters, such as performance metrics, error types, indicators of carelessness, frequency of help requests, and the time required to complete tasks. Embedded within the traditional ITS framework, PerFuSIT introduces a sophisticated reasoning mechanism for dynamically determining the optimal instructional approach. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that PerFuSIT significantly enhances learner performance and improves the overall efficacy of interactions with the ITS. The findings highlight the potential of fuzzy logic to optimize adaptive tutoring strategies by customizing instruction to individual learners' strengths and weaknesses, thereby providing more effective and personalized educational support in programming instruction.
Perception of Individualized Nursing Care in Acute Medical and Perioperative Settings: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ramos Ana , Pires Sara , Sá Eunice , Gomes Idalina , Alves Elisabete , Fonseca César , Coelho Anabela
Published: September 2024

Individualized nursing care allows a systematic assessment and intervention, considers the patient's preferences, values, and context, and contributes to a positive care trajectory. However, its operationalization has proven to be challenging. This research aims to determine which items of nursing care individualization are most integrated into nurses' clinical practice, and those that are less included. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 122 eligible and registered nurses at a Hospital Center, in Ophthalmology (operating room and inpatient ward), Cardiology Service, Internal Medicine, and Medical Emergency Unit, in Portugal. The Indi-vidualized Care Scale nursing version (ICS-Nurse) was used for the assessment, including three sub-dimensions: clinical situation, personal life situation, and decisional control over care-related decisions. Analyses were performed using Cronbach's Alpha and Principal Component Analysis to confirm the relationships between the variables, suggested by the literature and previous studies. In the results, no statistically significant differences were identified between the sociodemographic profile and the sub-dimensions of individualization. Nurses overall have a good perception of the importance of individualized care (4.06 ± 0.46 ICS-A-NURSE), but face difficulties in its implementation during the last shift worked (3.97 ± 0.49 ICS-B-NURSE). The sub-dimensions more integrated into the care environment were clinical situations and decisional control, and the less integrated were the personal lives of patients. This study identifies key aspects of the individualization of nursing care in acute and perioperative settings, as its omission represents a failure to address the multidimensional health needs of patients, families, and caregivers. We suggest the development of training programs that promote a holistic approach, as well as future studies that consider patient outcomes related to the individualization of nursing care.
Reducing Polypharmacy Through Team Resource Management in the Emergency Department: A Focus on Deprescribing in Elderly Patients
Authors: Yang Hsiu-Wu , Yu Ching-Hsiang , Huang Teng-Yi , Huang Chia-Hui , Su Yu-Jang
Published: September 2024

Polypharmacy, the use of multiple medications, is a prevalent issue globally that contributes to increased healthcare costs and places additional burdens on patients' organs. This study aims to reduce the incidence of polypharmacy in the emergency department. We conducted a retrospective review of randomly selected medical records from the Internal Medicine Department of Taipei MacKay Emergency Department, spanning from August 1, 2023, to October 31, 2023. For cases identified as involving polypharmacy, pharmacists provided medication education using the TRM Polypharmacy Interview Guide, while social workers contacted patients via phone to recommend follow-up visits for deprescribing. Patients experiencing polypharmacy were significantly older than those on appropriate medication regimens (79.8 vs. 67.3 years, p=0.002). After deprescribing interventions, the average number of medications for polypharmacy patients was 5.9 higher than for those receiving appropriate prescriptions (9.2 vs. 3.3, p=0.001). The most common conditions associated with polypharmacy were diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and arrhythmia. Polypharmacy poses a significant medication management challenge, with affected patients taking an average of 6.9 more medications than those on appropriate treatment regimens. Our team’s resource management module successfully reduced the incidence of polypharmacy by 8.4% in the emergency department.
Emerging Role of Natriuretic Peptides in Diabetes Care: A Brief Review of Pertinent Recent Literature
Authors: Tiwari Dipti , Aw Tar Choon
Published: September 2024

Diabetes markedly increases susceptibility to adverse cardiovascular events, including heart failure (HF), leading to heightened morbidity and mortality rates. Elevated levels of natriuretic peptides (NPs), notably B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal-proBNP (NT-proBNP), correlate with cardiac structural and functional abnormalities, aiding in risk stratification and treatment strategies in individuals with diabetes. This article reviews the intricate relationship between diabetes and HF, emphasizing the role of NPs in risk assessment and guiding therapeutic strategies, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It also explores the challenges and prospects of natriuretic peptide-guided therapy in managing cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes.
Reframing Forest Harvest Scheduling Models for Ecosystem Services Management
Authors: Nobre Silvana Ribeiro , McDill Marc Eric , Rodriguez Luiz Carlos Estraviz , Diaz-Balteiro Luis
Published: September 2024

Linear programming models have been used in forest management planning since the 1960s. These models have been formulated in three basic ways: Models I, II, and III, which are defined by the sequences of management unit states represented by the variables. In Model I, variables represent sequences of states from the beginning of the planning horizon to the end. In Model II, variables represent sequences of states from one intervention to the next. Finally, in Model III, variables represent a single arc in a management unit’s decision tree, i.e., two states. The objectives of this paper are to clarify the definitions of these model variations and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each model. This second objective was achieved by formulating a case study problem using each model type. The case study includes three increasingly complex scenarios, each incorporating additional ecosystem services. Results show that despite having more variables and constraints, Model III requires the least time to formulate due to its less dense parameter matrix. Model II has the shortest solution times, followed closely by Model III, while Model I requires the longest times for both formulation and solution. These results are increasingly apparent in more complex scenarios.
Fenoldopam for Renal Protection in Cardiac Surgery: Pharmacology, Clinical Applications, and Evolving Perspectives
Authors: Cuttone Giuseppe , La Via Luigi , Misseri Giovanni , Geraci Giulio , Sorbello Massimiliano , Pappalardo Federico
Published: September 2024

This comprehensive review examines the role of fenoldopam, a selective dopamine-1 receptor agonist, in preventing and treating acute kidney injury (AKI) during cardiac surgery. AKI remains a significant complication in cardiac surgery, associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The review explores fenoldopam's pharmacological properties, mechanism of action, and clinical applications, synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and observational studies. While some studies have shown promising results in improving renal function and reducing AKI incidence, others have failed to demonstrate significant benefits. The review discusses these conflicting findings, explores potential reasons for discrepancies, and identifies areas requiring further research. It also compares fenoldopam to other renoprotective strategies, including dopamine, diuretics, and N-acetylcysteine. The safety profile of fenoldopam, including common side effects and contraindications, is addressed. Current guidelines and recommendations for fenoldopam use in cardiac surgery are presented, along with a cost-effectiveness analysis. The review concludes by outlining future research directions and potential new applications of fenoldopam in cardiac surgery. By providing a thorough overview of the current state of knowledge, this review aims to facilitate informed decision-making for clinicians and researchers while highlighting areas for future investigation.
Serum Otoconin-90 and Otolin-1 Levels in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Aygun Demet , Dumur Seyma , Elgormus Mehmet Nuri , Alpaslan Mehmet Serkan , Uzun Hafize
Published: September 2024

Objective: To evaluate the value of otolith‑associated protein otoconin‑90 (OC90) and otolin-1 in the pathogenesis research and clinical treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Material and Method: The study included 50 patients with BPPV admitted to neurology and otorhinolaryngology departments and 30 healthy subjects with no history of dizziness as control group. Results: BPPV and controls were similar in terms of gender and age. Otolin-1 level was significantly greater in the BPPV group than controls (710.44 vs 280.45 ; p<0.001). No statistical significance was found although OC90 were higher in the BPPV group than controls. There was a strong positive correlation between otolin-1 and OC90, a moderate negative correlation between otolin-1 and vitamin D, and a strong negative correlation between OC90 and vitamin D in BPPV patient group. Otolin-1 had high specificity and AUC values for BPPV (AUC: 0.933; 95% CI: 0.881-0.986, 79.2% sensitivity, 100% specificity with a cutoff greater than 525). Conclusion: High serum levels of otolin-1 were associated with an increased risk of BPPV, but not CO90. Serum levels of otolin-1 can potentially be used as a biomarker for acute onset of inner ear disorders due to its significant increase in patients with BPPV. Vitamin D has high specificity and sensitivity in the patients with BPPV patients. It also provides evidence that BPPV patients with vitamin D deficiency may improve their complaints with replacement therapy. More large-scale prospective studies is required to confirm these association and clarify the exact mechanism.
Individual and Community-Level Determinants of Abortion in Southern Ethiopia: A Multi-Level Mixed Effect Logistic Regression Analysis
Authors: Yoseph Amanuel , Abebe Arsema , Simachew Yilkal , Seifu Yohans , Belayneh Mehretu
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground: In Ethiopia, 8.6% of maternal deaths are attributed to abortion. Despite the legalization of abortion and improved accessibility of safe abortion services, almost six in 10 abortions in Ethiopia are performed outside of the health facility. Abortion considered as an indicator for various aspects of reproductive health and healthcare access within a particular region or country. Despite the significance of the problem, there is a limited understanding of the magnitude of abortion and the contributing factors in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of abortion and determinant factors among reproductive-age women in the Sidama regional state of Ethiopia.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October to November 11, 2022, among 1,130 women of reproductive age. We utilized a multi-stage sampling method to select eligible women. A structured and pretested questionnaire was utilized to collect the data using Open Data Kit (ODK) mobile application. Due to the hierarchical nature of the data, a multilevel logistic regression model was applied. Variables with p-values < 0.25 on bi-variable analysis were included in a multivariable regression model. In the multivariable regression model, variables with a p-value < 0.05 were declared as statistically significant factors of abortion. Results: Nearly one-fifth (19.5%) of the women had a history of abortion. From the individual level determinates; women with formal education (AOR=0.44; 95% CI: 0.24-0.79), and planned pregnancy (AOR=0.41; 95% CI: 0.28-0.61) had lower odds of abortion. While from the community related factors; urban residence increased the odds of abortion (AOR=2.25; 95% CI: 1.20-4.20) as compared to the rural residence.Conclusion: the prevalence of abortion among reproductive age women of Northern Zone of Sidama Region was high. Education and a planned pregnancy serve as protective factors for abortion, while the risk of abortion increased among women reside in urban area. Therefore, to lower the abortion rate, it is better to implement a comprehensive approach, focusing on education, family planning, and urban-specific intervention.
Deiksis Pawarta di Majalah Panjebar Semangat
Authors: Khalidah Ainaini , Suhita Raheni , Fitriana Tya Resta
Published: September 2024

One of the important components in the human communication process is language. When communicating, references are often found. The reference to speech certainly contains a context. The reference is defined as deixis. Deixis is the use of words or other forms of language that have a function as a pointer to a certain function or thing. This article aims to analyze the form of deixis in the news in Panjebar Semangat magazine. Qualitative descriptive is the method used in this research. The approach used is a pragmatic approach in the field of deixis studies. The data in this study were sourced from documents in the form of deixis contained in a newsletter in the Panjebar Semangat magazine. Data was collected by document analysis through a collection of Javanese news in Panjebar Semangat magazine July-September 2021 edition. Interactive data analysis technique is a technique in data analysis. The steps of interactive analysis are collecting data, reducing data, displaying data, and drawing conclusions. In this study, the forms of deixis found included 27 data of persona deixis, 11 data of place deixis, 27 of time deixis, 23 data of discourse deixis, and 28 social deixis. The functions of deixis in the pawarta in Panjebar Semangat magazine are adjusted based on the context in the discourse.
Implementasi Metode Drill and Practice dalam Komunikasi Berbahasa Jawa di Media Sosial
Authors: Veronika Prima , Waluyo Budi , Sulaksono Djoko , Rahadini Astiana Ajeng , Wijayanti Kenfitria Diah , Fitriana Tya Resta , Lestari Winda Dwi
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research is to explain the implementation of the drill and practice method to train students' communication in Javanese on social media. The method used is drill and practice. The results of the service show that there are students who do not dare to use Javanese appropriately when communicating in the real world and the virtual world. Some students feel hesitant when asking or answering using Javanese. The service team then interacted with the students to practice using the drill and practice method. Students are invited to interact in groups by practicing orally and in writing using simple Javanese words. Through the drill and practice method, they are able to practice Javanese conversation and writing according to uploads well and correctly based on the person they are communicating with. Students are able to write Javanese sentences in the form of congratulations, greetings, condolences, thank you which are often used on their social media.
Analisis Desain Arsitektur Masjid di Pulau Jawa dan Masjid di Pulau Sumatera sebagai Bangunan Evakuasi Bencana Banjir di Indonesia
Authors: Hotimah Oot , Awalliyah Syahru Putri , Nurjanah Ula
Published: September 2024

Indonesia, as an archipelagic country located in the equatorial region, is faced with a high risk of natural disasters, especially floods, due to its volcanic location and the intersection of three main tectonic plates. In this context, this research aims to analyze the potential of mosques in DKI Jakarta and the Batanghari River basin as flood disaster evacuation buildings. Using a descriptive-analytical study method with a combined approach between online and field observations, as well as data from the official government website, this research evaluates mosques based on the criteria of floor height, availability of the 2nd floor, and other supporting facilities. The results show that there is significant variation in mosque architectural design and facility availability, with some mosques having potential evacuation buildings while others require significant modification to increase their functionality in the face of flood disasters. This research suggests the need to modify the mosque design, including increasing the floor height and adding second-floor facilities and stairs, to strengthen the role of the mosque as an effective evacuation site.
Islamic Boarding School as an Ecosystem for Religious Moderation Education in The Madura Society
Authors: Mas'udi Mas'udi , Muflihah Muflihah
Published: September 2024

This research is directed at discussing the emerging religious education ecosystem in Madurese society. Throughout its journey, Islamic boarding schools have become an integral part of Madurese society, encompassing social, cultural, religious, political, and economic aspects. To assemble all the codified data necessary to communicate the primary objective of this research, interviews, observations, and documentation were utilized as data collection sources. Subsequently, the study analysis was formulated descriptively, employing a cultural anthropological approach. Through comprehensive analysis in research, it was revealed that the religious moderation education system in Madurese society occurs on the basis of cultural openness. The openness in Islamic boarding school life is fostered by the social, cultural, and political aspects that evolve and establish a tradition. The togetherness of life in Islamic boarding schools serves as the main benchmark for embracing the presence of others as fellow brothers, comprising social, cultural, and political dimensions.
Gender Disparities and School Climate: Key Factors in Understanding Bullying on Islamic Junior High School Students
Authors: Munjiah Munjiah , Aziz Rahmat
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to test two main hypotheses regarding bullying in schools. The first hypothesis was that male and female students significantly differed in bullying behavior. The second hypothesis was that school climate significantly influenced bullying. This article used a quantitative design to examine gender and school climate differences in student bullying behavior. Data were obtained through the scale of school climate and bullying. The subjects were 150 (75 males and 75 females) Islamic junior high school students in East Java. The data were analyzed using variance analysis and regression analysis. The results exhibited a difference between males and females in terms of bullying. School climate affected bullying, both overall and in every aspect. Among the five aspects of school climate tested, only student relations had a significant negative effect on bullying. This study indicates that student relations are crucial in bullying and recommends specific interventions to improve safety and inclusivity.
Hamka's Perspective on Parenting to Support Character Building: A Humanist Islamic Approach
Authors: Pramudhiarto Ujang , Awadh Ahmed Saleh , Husniati Tutik , Habib Habib
Published: September 2024

This article discusses the integration of Hamka's thought and concept of Humanist Islam in the context of childcare and applies it practically to shape children's character according to Humanist Islamic values. The basic assumption of this study is that the integration of Hamka's thought and Humanist Islam offers a holistic approach to shaping children's character, recognizing their spiritual, moral, and social needs. The method used in this study is qualitative, utilizing a comparative and holistic approach as the analytical tool. The findings reveal that Hamka views the role of parents as the main key in shaping children's character. The basic concept of Humanist Islam, with its emphasis on human values, can be applied in parenting to form a balanced and ethical character. The relevance of Hamka's concept of character proves significant in dealing with the dynamics of modern children's lives. Overall, the integration of Hamka's thought and Humanist Islam provides a solid and empowering framework for shaping children's character while remaining relevant in the face of modern life's challenges. Additionally, the concept of Humanist Islam has significant implications in childcare practices, especially within the Indonesian national education system, influencing learning methods, curriculum, and the attitudes of the educational environment. This shapes children to be quality, inclusive, and tolerant individuals. This research contributes to providing a theoretical and practical foundation for parents, educators, and related parties to understand, implement, and develop empowered parenting strategies.
Harmonizing Knowledge: The Synthesis of Secular and Religious Education in Kerala's Islamic Institutions
Authors: Wafy Salman Ul Faris
Published: September 2024

This study examines the integration of secular and religious curricula in Islamic education schools in Kerala, India, renowned for its progressive educational practices. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research utilized qualitative analysis of structural frameworks, teaching methodologies, and community involvement alongside quantitative assessment of student outcomes. The study highlights how Kerala's model successfully blends modern academic subjects with traditional Islamic teachings, fostering comprehensive development in students. Key findings include the impact on academic performance, moral development, and social cohesion, suggesting that this balanced approach equips students with religious values and practical skills essential for contemporary society. By providing a case study of Kerala's unique model, the research offers insights for other regions to enhance their educational systems' quality and inclusivity, promoting intellectual growth, critical thinking, and interfaith harmony while preserving religious heritage.
Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty Is Superior to Plate Fixation for Displaced Proximal Humeral Fractures in the Elderly
Authors: Fraser Alexander Nilsskog , Wagle Tone Mehlum , Karlberg Anna Cecilia , Madsen Jan Erik , Mellberg Megan , Lian Tom , Mader Simone , Eilertsen Lars , Apold Hilde , Larsen Leif Børge , Pripp Are Hugo , Fjalestad Tore
Published: September 2024

The treatment of proximal humeral fractures is controversial, and operative treatment is increasing despite sparse evidence to support any surgical method over another. We present the 5-year results of the DelPhi (Delta-PHILOS) trial, in which the hypothesis was that reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) yields better clinical results compared with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). The DelPhi trial was a multicenter single-blinded randomized controlled trial comparing RTSA versus ORIF for the treatment of displaced AO/OTA type-B2 and C2 proximal humeral fractures in patients 65 to 85 years of age. One hundred and twenty-four patients were allocated to RTSA (64 patients) or ORIF (60 patients). The primary outcome was the Constant score, and secondary outcomes included the Oxford Shoulder Score, radiographic measurements, and quality of life. The results were reported as the mean difference between the groups, with the 95% confidence interval (CI). The mean age was 75 years, and 90% of the patients were female. Overall, 65 of the 124 patients were available at a minimum of 5 years. The mean Constant score was 71.7 (95% CI, 67.1 to 76.3) for the RTSA group, compared with 58.3 (95% CI, 50.6 to 65.9) for the ORIF group, representing a significant difference of 13.4 (95% CI, 5.2 to 21.7) in favor of RTSA (p = 0.002). Among patients with type-C2 fractures, the mean Constant score was 73.3 (95% CI, 67.5 to 79.2) for the RTSA group and 56.0 (95% CI, 47.4 to 64.7) for the ORIF group, representing a significant difference of 17.3 (95% CI, 7.5 to 27.0) in favor of RTSA (p = 0.001). Patients with type-B2 fractures demonstrated a nonsignificant difference of 8.1 (95% CI, −7.3 to 23.3) in favor of RTSA (p = 0.29). Patients 65 to 74 years of age showed a significant mean difference of 15.7 (95% CI, 4.9 to 26.7) in favor of RTSA (p = 0.006), whereas patients 75 to 85 years of age showed a nonsignificant difference of 10.8 (95% CI, −3.0 to 24.6) in favor of RTSA. In the present study, RTSA was superior to plate fixation for displaced AO/OTA type-B2 and C2 fractures in elderly patients at 5 years. Patients 65 to 74 years of age and patients with type-C2 fractures benefited the most.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Stage-Gate Process for Evaluating and Selecting Strategies for Corrosion Solids Control in Water Injection Systems for Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Bukkaraju S. K. , Gordon B. A. , Duhon H. , Jordan L. C. , Garduño J. L.
Published: September 2024

One of the critical steps in managing water injection (WI) systems is developing a feasible, practical, and cost-efficient plan to control the solids from different modes of corrosion in the water injection line. This paper discusses a stage gate process to identify and quantify the corrosion risks, determine the solids formed in the water injection line due to different forms of corrosion, and evaluate and select the most feasible strategy. This stage-gate process was used on an extensive WI system in the GoM and is used as a case study for this paper.
Selection of CO2 Mixture Compositions for Thermo-Hydraulic Analysis of CCS Transport Pipelines and Wells Operating in Dense Phase
Authors: Pierre B. , Wright D.
Published: September 2024

CO2 specifications for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) projects include major, minor and trace impurities with their respective maximum concentration. This leads to a large number of possible fluid compositions and associated thermodynamic modelling challenges. However, some impurities have a negligible impact on the thermophysical properties necessary to assess the thermo-hydraulic response of CCS transport pipelines. The study focuses on assessing the impact of different impurities on thermophysical properties of CO2 mixtures and proposes simplified compositions for thermo-hydraulic analyses of CCS transport pipelines and wells operating in dense phase.
Energy-Efficient Amine Regeneration for Absorption-Based Carbon Capture: Kinetic Studies for CO2 Mineralization
Authors: Oeiyono C. V. , Ratnakar R. , Mohanty K. K.
Published: September 2024

In point-source carbon capture, CO2 from flue gas is typically absorbed by amine solutions, and the amine is regenerated by steam stripping. The regeneration step is energy intensive. This study aims to substitute steam stripping with an energy-efficient mineralization process. The CO2-laden amine solution is treated with fly ash under near-ambient conditions (40 °C, 1 atm) to regenerate the amine and produce carbonated fly ash. This study assesses the performance of the mineralization process for primary and tertiary amines. First, dissolution of fly ash into 15 wt% monoethanolamine (MEA) or N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) is studied. Afterward, a 15 wt% concentration of amine solutions was saturated with a flue gas (10% CO2) and then reacted with fly ash for mineralization. Liquid samples are regularly collected and analyzed for pH and CO2 loading. After mineralization, precipitates are analyzed for carbonate content. The dissolution of Ca and Mg from fly ash occurs faster with MDEA solution compared to MEA solution of the same concentration. Adding fly ash to CO2-laden amine solutions results in the formation of CaCO3 and MgCO3 and the regeneration of the amine solution. MDEA can be fully regenerated in about 15 hours, while MEA achieves 80% regeneration in 6.5 days. The mineralization rate is kinetically limited by the dissolution of reactive compounds from fly ash in the case of tertiary amine, and by the carbamate conversion to bicarbonate in the case of primary amine. The rate of amine regeneration decelerates rapidly during the initial 5 hours with a starting rate of 0.003 M/hour. There is a 24% weight increase in the case of MEA and 30% in the case of MDEA during the mineralization. The precipitates contain ~60% carbonates in the form of CaCO3 and MgCO3. This study demonstrates that CO2 desorption from amine solutions can occur through mineralization, converting CO2 into carbonates at low pressure and temperature with fly ash. Fly ash derived from lignite and sub-bituminous coals is preferable as a reactant since it has high calcium content.
Plastic Deformation and Resulting Enhancement in Caprock Failure Limit
Authors: Wu Yidi , Mehrabian Amin , Chen Sheng-Li , Abousleiman Younane
Published: September 2024

Loss of caprock integrity is a well-known complication of CO2 geo-sequestration projects. Existing studies on caprock integrity analysis often apply a yield criterion on elastic solutions for the caprock geomechanics problem and, consequently, would make an underestimation of the permissible change in total volume of fluid injection. This work considers plastic deformation after yielding but before caprock failure through an analytical solution for a spherically symmetric proxy model of reservoir and surrounding caprock. The part of solution pertaining to pore fluid flow and geomechanics of reservoir is time-dependent and based on the fully coupled theory of poroelasticity while the elastoplastic deformation of caprock is treated by use of Drucker-Prager plastic flow models with strain hardening. The latter problem (plastic caprock) is formulated using Lagrangian formulation of elastoplastic deformations while the time-dependency of the former problem (poroelastic reservoir) is treated using the Laplace integral transform method. Continuity of displacement, stress and pore fluid flow at the boundary between the caprock and reservoir connects the two solutions. Findings indicate that consideration of a plastic strain allowance for the caprock indeed increases the injectable volume of CO2 in the reservoir, substantially. This volume is larger for the undrained caprock if elastoplastic strain allowance is relatively large while reverse is true for smaller elastoplastic strain allowances. In either case, strong dependence of injectable fluid volume on the rock strain hardening parameter is observed. This result is rationalized by studying the time-dependent evolution of the elastoplastic stress paths corresponding to the drained and undrained caprock solutions.
A Practical Framework for CO2 Transportation and Injection Design by Analyzing Both Technical and Economic Aspects
Authors: Duong Hao , Nguyen Tan C. , Pham Duc Chi , Nguyen Tang , Al-Safran Eissa M.
Published: September 2024

The main objective of this research is to propose a practical framework for CO2 transportation and injection design by analyzing the impact of pipeline length and mass flowrate on cost-effective aspects. Numerical methods are applied using experimental data of CO2 properties at different pressures and temperatures to provide the most accurate model designs for CO2 transporting and injection considering both technical and economic aspects. This paper used an open-source coding language to integrate the physical and thermodynamic properties of CO2 into software to predict phase behavior, viscosity, density, entropy, etc. under different pressure and temperature conditions. This simulator was then expanded using advanced hydraulic models to predict static and dynamic behaviors of CO2 in pipelines and tubing with and without booster pumps. Sensitivity analysis was carried out to study the effects of pipeline length, mass flowrate, and the number of booster pumps on the economic aspect of CO2 transportation and storage. A case study was performed using the developed computational model to optimize a hypothetical CO2 transportation system in the Permian Basin to minimize the CO2 project's cost. The obtained results showed that using the developed computational simulator for designing CO2 transportation and injection provides more reliable prediction for pressure and temperature profiles without using correlations for CO2 properties. The sensitivity analysis reveals that the number of booster pumps and pipe diameter are the two key variables in designing a CO2 transportation and storage system. The next sensitive variables are the mass injection rate and the pipe length. The results from the case study showed that there is no universal design solution when it comes to CO2 transportation and storage design; instead, each project must be tuned and optimized accordingly by varying all the inputs. The developed software can help optimize CO2 transportation based on a specific desired system with a specific desired injection rate.
Utilizing Green-Carbon Nanotubes to Improve Drilling Fluids Rheological Properties: An Experimental Study
Authors: Musa T. A. , Mohamed E. S. , Challiwala S. M. , Elbashir N. O.
Published: September 2024

A revolutionary technology for turning carbon dioxide into useful products, known as CARGEN®, has been developed at Texas A&M University. The technology features a setup of two reactors linked together, providing a special chance to transform two greenhouse gases, namely methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), into environmentally friendly carbon nanotubes (GCNTs) and syngas. This research looks into how the newly produced green CNTs affect the flow characteristics of different kinds of water-based drilling fluids, including bentonite mud and brine mud.

Various amounts of carbon nanotubes (0.05 w/v %, 0.1w/v %, 0.15 w/v %, and 0.2 w/v%) were tested experimentally to see how they affect the flow characteristics of bentonite mud and brine mud (NaCl). The comparison of properties like plastic viscosity (PV), yield point (YP), and gel strength (GS) was made between the drilling fluids with carbon nanotubes and their control fluids using a rotating viscometer. The tests were carried out at temperatures ranging from 73°F to 200°F. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) was employed for GCNT dispersion.

The findings show that adding GCNT to water-based drilling fluids changes their rheological properties. For bentonite mud, the PV increased by 13% at 0.05 w/v % GCNT and stayed the same at higher concentrations at room temperature. At higher temperatures (120°F and 150°F), the PV increased with more GCNT, but then decreased at 0.2 w/v %. For brine mud, the PV decreased with more GCNT at higher temperatures, but the GCNT improved the PV more than the control mud, showing better thermal stability. The YP and GS also improved with more GCNT, especially at higher concentrations. These results suggest that GCNT have a significant role in improving the performance and stability of water-based drilling fluids in drilling operations.

This research offers valuable insights into the potential use of carbon nanotubes in improving the performance and stability of drilling fluids, contributing to more sustainable industrial practices.
Blockchain Technology in Energy Storage Systems
Authors: Tirmizi Syed Talha , Hussain Aliza , Ali Syed Imran , Louis Clifford , Ul Haq Tirmizi Syed Rizwan , Lalji Shaine Mohammadali , Malik Adan , Arfeen Zeeshan Ahmad
Published: September 2024

Block-chain technology has garnered significant interest across many industries including energy industry. This paper discusses the role of block-chains in advancing the energy storage systems. Energy storage technology plays an important role to ensure the stable supply of energy and promote widespread application of renewable energy technologies. However, the traditional methods do not unlock the full potential of energy storage facilities due to the lack of energy storage sharing mechanism and misallocation of energy demands and resources. Block-chain-enable energy management system can significantly improve the security, reliability and efficiency of the energy storage systems using a decentralized system with transparency and audibility.
Improving Reliability of Seismic Stratigraphy Prediction: Integration of Uncertainty Quantification in Attention Mechanism Neural Network
Authors: Ang C. T. , Elsheikh A. H.
Published: September 2024

Despite technological advancement, subsurface studies continue to encounter uncertainties caused by structural complexities and data noise, which can result in inaccurate seismic interpretation and drilling locations. Although machine learning holds great potential by enabling the simultaneous analysis of large datasets, its effectiveness is often compromised by data noise and ambiguity, which can degrade the accuracy of the algorithms. Hence, this research incorporates uncertainty quantification into attention mechanism neural network to produce more reliable outcomes in seismic interpretation and stratigraphic mapping. The methodology is also benchmarked against other uncertainty quantification methods such as dropout and randomized ensemble techniques, followed by an evaluation using the Brier score.
Application of Drag Reducer Agents on Multiphase Production Fluids
Authors: Fruteau A. , Lesage N. , Arnault R. , Drouilly C.
Published: September 2024

This paper presents three field cases that aim to demonstrate the efficacy of modelling in predicting potential gains in pressure drop reduction and identifying process issues associated with the injection of Drag Reducing Agents (DRAs). Simulations demonstrate the performance of DRAs and their impact on flow dynamics in multiphase flow systems were evaluated. The modelling approach allows anticipating pressure drop reduction and provides valuable insights into potential process challenges that may arise during DRA injection.

Simulations results reveal promising opportunities for substantial gains. The simulations demonstrate significant potential for reducing pressure drop in complex fields with high water cut rates, among other challenges, thereby enhancing operational efficiency through the implementation of DRAs. Additionally, the modelling approach facilitates the identification of potential process issues.

In conclusion, this study exemplifies how modelling can accurately predict gains in pressure drop reduction and effectively identify process issues associated with DRA injection. The results highlight the potential for achieving gains in multiphase flow fields that have not yet been extensively studied, providing valuable insights for the application and optimization of DRAs in multiphase systems.
Assessment of Protentional Underground Carbon Dioxide Storage in Post Heavy Oil Eor Phase Through Steam, Solvent, or Hybrid Injection: A Field Case Study
Authors: Chai Maojie , Nourozieh Hossein , Chen Zhangxing , Yang Min , Hernandez Andres
Published: September 2024

The Paris Agreement aims to limit global warming to well below 2°C and pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. In response to the Paris Agreement, carbon dioxide storage, also known as carbon capture and storage (CCS), is a critical part of efforts to mitigate climate change in response to the Paris Agreement. Canada has abundant heavy oil resources, but to recover this immobile liquid, hot water or solvents are often injected underground as a heat carrier (SAGD) or dilution (VAPEX) or hybrid (ES-SAGD) to mobilize the heavy oil. However, these processes often result in energy losses and CO2 emissions. Thus, how to effectively treat the produced carbon dioxide seems to be an economic and environmental problem especially under the context of the Paris Agreement and the increasing carbon tax in Canada. To address the urgent problem, this study first establishes the SAGD, warm VAPEX, and solvent-based ES-SAGD process through numerical simulation. Then carbon dioxide is injected underground in the post EOR phase. In steam-based technology (SAGD or ES-SAGD), water is used as an excellent heat carrier to inject underground to displace heavy oil, The left water underground forms an excellent dissolution trapping barrier for carbon sequestration. In solvent-based technology (ES-SAGD or VAPEX), carbon dioxide produced by heating can not only be injected for underground storage in reducing the environmental impact, but also can recover the underground solvent from gas, oil and even water phases further reducing the cost of solvent-based technology. The outcome of this research not only provides potential for carbon sequestration from post-EOR activities, but also supports the transformation of Canada's heavy oil industry towards more solvent-based methods, resulting in economic and environmental benefits.
The Behavior of Microemulsion in Unconventional Reservoirs: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Xiong Hao , Devegowda Deepak , Yuan Na , Hu Zeming
Published: September 2024

The use of microemulsions to enhance well productivity is becoming increasingly popular, especially in unconventional shale wells during fracturing. However, the subsequent behavior and stability of microemulsions remain unclear, particularly in clay-hosted nanopores where clay minerals have unbalanced surface charges. This study uses molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to analyze the behavior and stability of microemulsion droplets in clay-hosted nanopores with varying surface chemistries and salinities in shales, under typical reservoir pressures and temperatures. Our results show that in bulk conditions, microemulsion droplets are stable across all salinities. However, their stability in clay-hosted nanopores depends on the surface chemistry (charge distribution) of the clays and the salinity. When clay surfaces are charge-balanced or have a moderate imbalance, the droplets remain stable. In contrast, a strong charge imbalance creates local electric fields in the slit pore that disrupt the microemulsion droplets. Increasing salinity forms an electrical double layer that reduces the strength of the electric field, thus maintaining the stability of the droplets. This modeling-based study improves our understanding of how salinity variations affect microemulsions in charged clay-hosted nanopores. Significantly, this is the first study to combine and assess the sensitivity of microemulsions to both salinity and pore surface chemistry, opening new possibilities for the effective delivery of EOR agents to shales.
Multiscale Non-Equilibrium Compositional Modeling of Cyclic Gas Injection in Shale Reservoirs
Authors: Ma Ming , Emami-Meybodi Hamid
Published: September 2024

The shale matrix is a multiscale porous medium featuring nanopores, macropores, and micro-fractures, exhibiting distinct transport mechanisms and phase behaviors. This study challenges the assumptions of local thermodynamic equilibrium within each matrix grid and recognizes the significant discrepancy in time scales of fluid transport within nanopores and macropores. This disparity leads to non-equilibrium mass transfer between these distinct scales of pores. Accordingly, we propose a multiscale, multiphase, multicomponent transport model for simulating cyclic gas injection in shale reservoirs while accounting for non-equilibrium thermodynamics in the shale matrix. The multiscale porous media encompasses nanopores, macropores, and micro-fractures. The fluid transport within the nanopore and macropore is modeled using a species transport-based equation, incorporating viscous flow, molecular diffusion, and Knudsen diffusion. Darcy's law is applied in micro-fractures and hydraulic fractures. Phase behaviors in nanopores are computed employing a pore-size dependent Peng-Robinson equation of state (PR-C-EOS), while the PR-EOS governs other porous mediums. Non-equilibrium mass transfer between each pair of porous mediums is derived based on multiple interacting continua (MINC) theory. We simulate the cyclic CO2 injection with a ternary component oil—methane, propane, and n-octane—within a shale matrix. Sensitivity analyses are conducted to analyze the effect of soaking time, natural fracture (micro-fracture) permeability, and pore volume fraction on CO2 cyclic injection enhanced oil recovery (EOR). During the injection phase, CO2 rapidly fills the pore volume of natural fractures and then transfers to macropores and nanopores via non-equilibrium mass transfer. Even during the soaking period, when CO2 injection ceases, non-equilibrium mass transfer continues to significantly change the fluid composition within these continua. Increasing the soaking time remains an effective method to improve oil recovery. A longer soaking period allows more CO2 to move into macropores and nanopores through non-equilibrium mass transfer, thereby promoting CO2 mixing with crude oil. In addition, CO2 cycle injection is an effective method for increasing oil recovery across all volume fractions. Nevertheless, enhanced oil recovery is greater when the macropore volume fraction is higher, primarily because CO2 can be injected more easily into macropores and mixed with the oil. Such a multiscale transport model facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the gas EOR mechanism and provides a valuable framework for designing effective EOR methods for shale reservoirs.