bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antagonistic Test of Endophytic Bacteria of Chili Pepper Roots Producing Siderophores and Hydrolase Enzymes against Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Ralstonia Solanacearum
Authors: Hidayati Siti Nur Isnaini , Zulkifli Lalu , Sedijani Prapti , Rasmi Dewa Ayu Citra
Published: January 2025

This study aims to test the ability of endophytic bacterial isolates of cayenne pepper roots (Capsicum frutescens) to produce siderophore compounds and protease enzymes and to test the antagonistic activity of endophytic bacterial isolates in controlling the growth of plant pathogenic bacteria (Ralstonia solanacearum). The stages in this study are isolation of endophytic bacteria from cayenne pepper roots, siderophore production test, protease enzyme activity test, and biochemical and physiological characterization of potential endophytic bacteria, antagonistic test of endophytic bacteria against the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum bacteria. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from cayenne pepper plant roots taken from Selong, East Lombok. Characterization of siderophore-producing isolates used the Arnow test method. The activity of bacterial protease enzymes was tested qualitatively on Skim Milk Agar solid media. The antagonistic activity test of endophytic bacteria against pathogenic bacteria was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method. Characterization of endophytic bacteria was carried out by observing colony morphology, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. There were 3 isolates that were able to produce siderophores (catecholate type) with codes EC5, EC12, and EC15. Six isolates showed protease enzyme activity with codes EC3, EC4, EC5, EC7, EC11, and EC15, with the highest Proteolytic Index (2.02) shown by isolate EC4. There were 3 isolates that were able to inhibit the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum (EC4, EC5, and EC15), with the highest inhibitory power shown by isolate EC15 (3.67 mm). The results of the study indicate that endophytic bacteria from cayenne pepper plant roots have the potential as biopesticides in the future.
The Relationship Between Stunting and Anemia in Toddlers in Malaka Coastal Area, North Lombok
Authors: Danianto Ario , Cholidah Rifana , Amalia Emmy , Purnaning Dyah
Published: January 2025

Stunting is a major chronic nutritional problem with a high prevalence in Indonesia. This issue is crucial as it affects the quality of Indonesia's human resources in the future. One of the consequences of stunting is the increased incidence of anemia in toddlers. Anemia occurring early in life disrupts physical growth and leads to growth retardation. The relationship between anemia and stunting is an overlapping influence stemming from various levels. Efforts to prevent and reduce the rates of stunting and anemia must involve all parties comprehensively. Anemia in toddlers is a global health problem, both in terms of severity and prevalence. Globally, 1.6 million people are affected by anemia, and 47.4% of them are preschool-aged children. This study aims to determine the relationship between the occurrence of stunting and anemia in toddlers. The research was conducted through an analytical observational survey with a cross-sectional design. In this study, in the normal toddler group, of 26 samples, 25 children (96.15%) had normal Hb levels, and 1 child had mild anemia (3.85%). Meanwhile, in the 30 stunted toddlers, all samples had normal Hb levels (100%). The average Hb level in normal toddlers was 12.82 mg/dl, and in stunted toddlers, it was 12.81 mg/dl. No significant difference was found between the Hb levels of normal and stunted toddlers, with a p-value of 0.977 (p > 0.05).
Comparison of Effectiveness of Clove Flower, Cinnamon Bark, and Star Anise Extract on the Growth of Escherichia coli Bacteria
Authors: Marpaung Joy Mart , Panjaitan Ivonne M. S. , Tobing Joshua H. L.
Published: January 2025

Bacterial infections produce diseases such as Escherichia coli diarrhea, which is a big issue in developing countries. Clove flower (Syzygium aromaticum), Cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum verum), and Star anise (Illicium verum) contain active ingredients such as alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, glycosides, and volatile oils which have potential as antibacterial. This study aims to analyze the difference in the inhibition zone of the extracts of the three plants extracted with 96% ethanol solvent against Escherichia coli using the disc diffusion method with extract concentrations of 15%, 20%, and 25%, and compare them with thiamphenicol as a positive control with the same concentration. The results show that the extracts have antibacterial activity that increases with the increase in concentration, where 25% concentration give the largest zone of inhibition. The clove extract has the highest inhibition, followed by cinnamon and star anise, although thiamphenicol remained the most effective. These findings confirm the significant antibacterial potential of all three extracts with α = 0,000.
Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) Affects The Growth of Microalgae Chlorella sp
Authors: Junda Muhammad , Rahmat Awal Nur , Daud Firdaus , Kurnia Nani
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the effect of adding sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) on the growth of microalgae. This study was an experimental study using a completely randomized design (RBD) which had 4 treatments and 1 control with 3 repetitions each. The four ingredients for adding sodium bicarbonate had different concentrations, namely 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm and 200 ppm while the Control did not add sodium bicarbonate. Following the Anova analysis technique at a confidence level of α < 0.05, the research data were subjected to Duncan's advanced test using the SPSS statistical software. The results of the study show that the growth of Chlorella sp. microalgae is affected by the addition of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). This is based on the results of measurements of biomass with the highest average value found in treatment A (addition of sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 50 ppm) of 2.319 g/L compared to the control average value of 1.819 g/L, different from the results of the chlorophyll-a content obtained there was no effect on the control, where the highest average value of chlorophyll content was 1.459986mg/mL from   the control (K) and the lowest average was 0.937614 mg/mL from treatment C.
Correlation Between Waist Hip Ratio (RLPP) and Hypertension at Sudiang Raya Health Center in Makassar City
Authors: Rusydi Hanina Nur Zahra , Kanang Indah Lestari Daeng , Fattah Nurfachanti , Nurmadilla Nesyana , Tahir Akina Maulidhany
Published: January 2025

Elevated blood pressure is the hallmark of hypertension, a dangerous illness that raises the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other illnesses. Globally, the prevalence of hypertension reaches 29.2%, with higher prevalence in some regions, such as in South Sulawesi which reaches 27.61%. One of the main risk factors for hypertension is central obesity, which can be measured using the Waist-Hip Circumference Ratio (RLPP). RLPP is more effective than Body Mass Index (BMI) in measuring visceral fat accumulation that is associated with increased blood pressure. This accumulation of fat in the abdominal area can increase vascular resistance and cause metabolic disturbances that contribute to hypertension. This study aimed to determine the correlation between Waist-Hip Ratio (RLPP) and hypertension at Sudiang Raya Health Center, Makassar.  This study combined a total sampling strategy with a cross-sectional approach. 89 hypertensive patients who satisfied the inclusion requirements made up the study sample. The Stasistical Program for Social Science (SPSS) was used to evaluate the collected data. The result showed that the majority of hypertensive patients were female (61.8%) with an age group of 55-64 years (49.4%), and 61.8% had RLPP reflecting cental obesity. Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between RLPP and hypertension (p=0.000). The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant correlation between Waist-Hip Ratio (RLPP) and the incidence of hypertension at Sudiang Raya Health Center, Makassar.
The Effect of Black Garlic in Lowering Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients at Jayamekar Health Center, West Bandung Regency
Authors: Rumaseuw Ellen Stephanie , Saptiningsih Monica , Raniadita Maria Alfa
Published: January 2025

The Prolanis program may be a wellbeing benefit framework with a proactive community-based approach that specifically includes hypertension and diabetes patients through community strengthening to decrease NCDs in an coordinates way. Based on the comes about of the 2018 Basic Health Survey, the illnesses most commonly endured by the elderly are hypertention (63.5%), dental issues (53.6%), joint problems (18%), and mouth problems (17%), diabetes (5.7%), heart attack (4.5%) and stroke (4.4%), kidney (0.8%), and cancer (0.4%). The definition of hypertension according to the American Health Association (AHA) is a condition of increased blood pressure, characterized by blood pressure values greater than 130/90 mmHg when measured manually or digitally. Garlic (Allium sativum L.), a plant that is used extensively in the culinary and medical industries, is one of the natural remedies for high blood pressure. Fermentation is one way to turn garlic into black garlic. This study employed a paired sample t-test dependent test for data analysis and a pre-experimental design with a single group pretest and posttest design without a comparison group. After giving two bulbs of single black garlic per day for a week, the study's average posttest systolic blood pressure was 138.31, with a P-value of 0.008. Single black garlic has an effect on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive participants at Jayamekar Health Center, West Bandung Regency.
Association of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) Gene Diversity with Immunity Characteristics in Kampung Chicken
Authors: Muhsinin Muhammad , Jan Rahma , Maskur Maskur , Rozi Tapaul , Kasip Lalu Muhammad , Al Farizi Muhammad Salman
Published: January 2025

The immune system of Kampung chickens is vital for maintaining health and productivity, especially in combating bacterial infections. Among the genetic components involved, the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene is crucial for producing nitric oxide (NO), a molecule with strong antimicrobial properties. This study investigated the association between iNOS (AluI│g.15056T>C) gene polymorphism and immune traits in Kampung chickens to enhance disease resistance. Blood samples from 100 Kampung chickens were genotyped using PCR-RFLP, and immune parameters such as leukocyte count, macrophage activity, and bacterial resistance were evaluated. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among TT, TC, and CC genotypes. The CC genotype exhibited superior performance, including the highest macrophage activity (91.74±1.92%), activated macrophage capacity (2279.49), and bacterial death rate (60.81±3.54%). These findings suggest that the CC genotype enhances NO production, strengthening the immune response to bacterial pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Pullorum. Additionally, the polymorphism contributes to improved genetic diversity and immune efficiency in Kampung chickens. The study highlights the potential of incorporating the iNOS CC genotype in selective breeding programs to produce chickens with enhanced resilience. Future research should focus on interacting environmental factors with iNOS expression to optimize its application in chicken production.
Identification of Diversity and Genetic Distance of Indonesian Local Chicken Strains Based on Myostatin Gene
Authors: Muhsinin Muhammad , Maskur Maskur , Jan Rahma , Rozi Tapaul , Kasip Lalu Muhammad , Al Farizi Muhammad Salman
Published: January 2025

Indonesian local chickens are essential genetic resources with significant potential for advancing the national poultry industry due to their high genetic diversity, reflecting adaptation to tropical environments and traditional farming systems. This study analyzed the genetic diversity of Kampung, Sentul, KUB, SenSi, and Broiler chickens based on the MSTN g.4842T>G locus. Blood samples from 150 chickens underwent PCR-RFLP analysis using the BsrI restriction enzyme targeting exon 2 of the MSTN gene. Parameters such as observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), polymorphism information content (PIC), and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were assessed. Genetic distances were calculated using PHYLIP, and a dendrogram was constructed with UPGMA. The study identified two alleles (G and T) and three genotypes (GG, GT, TT), with the T allele being dominant, particularly in Broiler chickens (78.3%). Ho was lower than He in all populations, indicating a heterozygosity deficit. PIC values ranged from 0.282 (Broiler) to 0.367 (SenSi), classifying the MSTN locus as moderately polymorphic. Kampung and KUB chickens showed the closest genetic relationship, while Broiler chickens were the most distinct. These findings underscore the potential of local chickens in breeding programs for adaptability and productivity. Further research with additional markers is recommended to enhance sustainable poultry farming.
The Influence Of Different Aeration Systems On Growth Performance Catfish (Clarias sp.)
Authors: AlBaihaqi Lalu Wirahadi , Marzuki Muhammad , Setyono Bagus Dwi Hari
Published: January 2025

Ikan lele merupakan ikan konsumsi air tawar yang paling banyak dibudidaya di Indonesia menempati urutan teratas pada jumlah produksinya, ikan lele telah menyumbang lebih dari 10% produksi perikanan budidaya nasional dengan tingkat pertumbuhan mencampai 17 hingga 18%. Ikan lele memiliki kandungan protein yang cukup tinggi dan sangat berkompeten untuk meningkatkan gizi manusia, karena tergolong makanan yang berkualitas tinggi dan keunikannya merupakan suatu keharusan. Karena marak dibudidaya dengan kepadatan tinggi maka diperlukan teknologi yang mendukung terjaganya kandungan oksigen yaitu microbubble. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 50 hari dengan melihat pertumbuhan ikan lele dalam 3 kondisi yang berbeda yaitu tanpa aerator, dengan aerator konvensional dan microbubble. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa berat mutlak dan panjang mutlak tanpa aerasi adalah 5,2 g dan 3,5 cm. kemudian dengan aerator konvensional menghasilkan 5,3 g dan 3,5 cm. dan pada Microbubble adalah 9,2 g dan 7,2 cm. dilihat dari beberapa hasil uji parameter menunjukan bahwa pemeliharan ikan lele dengan menggunakan microbubble meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan dan produktivitas dari ikan lele.
The Use Of Ultraviolet In The Production Of Nursing Tilapia Fish Oreochromis niloticus Using A Recirculation System
Authors: Antika Rendi , Cokrowati Nunik , Scabra Andre Rachmat
Published: January 2025

The need for tilapia fish supplies for the world market is not yet fully met, so the implementation of intensive cultivation is expected to increase aquaculture production results. Recirculation systems are an option for controlling the quality of cultivation water, and the addition of UV lights is expected to be able to kill bacteria found in cultivation waters. This research aims to evaluate the use of UV lamps in fish nurseries and analyze the best use of UV lamps in tilapia nurseries. This research was carried out for 45 days, at the Fish Production and Reproduction Laboratory, Mataram University using an experimental method with a completely randomized design (RAL) consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely P1: without UV lamp, P2: 5 Watt, P3: 10 Watts, and P4: 15 Watts. Test parameters include absolute length growth rate, specific length, absolute weight, specific weight, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Survival Rate (SR), water quality and bacterial abundance. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with the Duncan test. The results showed that the best growth rate parameters, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Survival Rate (SR) and bacterial abundance were found in P4 with an absolute length growth rate of 6.4cm, specific length of 0.05%/day, absolute weight growth of 9.7gr, specific weight of 0.06%/day, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) value of 0.7, Survival Rate (SR) of 94% and bacterial abundance of 5.7 x 105 CFU/ml.
Growth Of Freshwater Pomfret Fish (Collosoma macropumum) In A Recirculation System With A Horizontal Filter
Authors: Rafiah Siti , Junaidi Muhammad , Diniarti Nanda
Published: January 2025

Budidaya ikan merupakan salah satu aktivitas memenuhi kebutuhan pangan dari sektor perikanan salah satunya budidaya ikan air tawar yang mendapatkan nilai ekonomis yang sangat tinggi sehingga ikan bawal air tawar dari tahun ke tahun meningkat. walaupun ikan ini jarang dikonsumsi, namun ikan bawal air tawar merupakan produk yang cukup diminati. Sistem resirkulasi menjadi pilihan mengaplikasikan untuk mengendalikan kualitas air yang melewati sebuah filter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pertumbuhan ikan bawal tawar (Collosoma macropomum) pada sistem resirkulasi dengan filter horizontal.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 50 hari, di Laboratorium Produksi dan Reproduksi Ikan Universitas Mataram menggunakan metode eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan yang dimana terdapat  12 unit  percobaan. Parameter uji meliputi laju pertumbuhan ( panjang mutlak, panjang spesifik, berat mutlak dan berat spesifik ), Rasio konversi pakan ( FCR ), sintasan ( SR ) dan Kualitas air. Data dianalisa menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa parameter uji meliputi laju pertumbuhan ( panjang mutlak, panjang spesifik, berat mutlak dan berat spesifik ), Rasio konversi pakan(FCR), sintasan (SR) dan kualitas air terbaik terdapat pada P3 dengan laju pertumbuhan ( panjang mutlak sebesar 7 cm , panjang spesifik sebesar 0,033 %/hari, berat mutlak sebesar24,5 gram dan berat spesifik sebesar 0,053%/hari ), Rasio konversi pakan (FCR) sebesar 1.1 , sintasan (SR) sebesar 90 % dan Kualitas air ( suhu sebesar 29-30 ℃, Oksigen Terlarut (DO) sebesar 3-6 mg/L dan pH sebesar 7-8).
SAÚDE DA MULHER E OBSTETRÍCIA: DO ENSINO À ASSISTÊNCIA
Authors: GROSSI LUIZA MARQUES , SILVA FERNANDA NOGUEIRA , LIMA KARLA KAREN MORAES DE , NOGUEIRA PAULA JÚLIA LEITE , SANTOS MATHEUS ELIAS DOS
Published: January 2025

É com grande satisfação que apresentamos a XI Edição do livro Saúde da Mulher: Do Ensino à Assistência. Esta obra, consolidada ao longo de suas edições anteriores, reafirma seu compromisso em ser uma referência essencial para profissionais de saúde, acadêmicos, pesquisadores e estudantes interessados no cuidado integral à saúde da mulher. Nesta nova edição, o conteúdo foi ampliado com novas pesquisas, práticas clínicas atualizadas e abordagens pedagógicas inovadoras, refletindo os avanços mais recentes na área da saúde da mulher.
O livro mantém seu foco na integração entre o ensino e a assistência, oferecendo um equilíbrio fundamental entre teoria e prática para a formação e atuação profissional. Cada capítulo aborda aspectos específicos da saúde da mulher, desde o ensino teórico até a aplicação prática na assistência. Temas como saúde reprodutiva, prevenção de doenças, saúde mental e envelhecimento são tratados com profundidade, oferecendo uma visão ampla e atualizada sobre o cuidado à saúde feminina.
A XI Edição destaca-se pela sua abordagem multidisciplinar, reunindo contribuições de profissionais de diversas áreas para proporcionar uma visão integrada e abrangente. Além disso, a inclusão de casos clínicos e estudos de caso permite uma conexão direta entre o conhecimento teórico e sua aplicação prática, preparando os leitores para os desafios cotidianos na assistência à saúde da mulher.
Destinado a estudantes, professores e profissionais de saúde, este livro oferece uma fonte rica de conhecimento para aqueles que atuam na atenção básica, hospitalar e especializada, e que buscam aprimorar seus conhecimentos e práticas. Pesquisadores também encontrarão na obra um recurso valioso para explorar novas fronteiras na saúde da mulher.
A XI Edição de Saúde da Mulher: Do Ensino à Assistência reafirma seu papel como uma ferramenta indispensável para o desenvolvimento de uma assistência de saúde humanizada, baseada em evidências e centrada nas necessidades das mulheres em todas as fases da vida. Convidamos o leitor a explorar as páginas desta edição, com o compromisso de promover uma prática de saúde mais consciente, informada e empática, contribuindo para a melhoria contínua dos cuidados oferecidos às mulheres. Boa leitura!
Corpos ausentes
Authors: Stacul Juan Filipe , Machado Ana Elizabete Barreira
Published: January 2025

O livro Corpos ausentes: debates sobre linguagem, gênero e diversidade pretende apresentar reflexões que coloquem em pauta essas questões, analisando a relevância da linguagem, em suas mais diversas manifestações, para o combate à exclusão e a promoção da diversidade. Para tanto, foram reunidos trabalhos nas diversas áreas da linguagem: literatura, mídia, estudos discursivos, sociolinguística, estudos culturais, estudos de gênero e de sexualidade, teoria Queer, dentre outros.
María de la Luz Grovas: profesora pionera universitaria y líder feminista
Authors: Alvarado y Martínez Escobar Ma. De Lourdes , Pérez Toledo Claudia Altaira
Published: January 2025

María de la Luz Grovas (1898-1979) fue una figura pionera en la educación superior en México y una destacada líder feminista. Inició su carrera docente en la Escuela Nacional Preparatoria en la década de 1920, en un contexto dominado por hombres. A lo largo de su vida, Grovas desempeñó un papel crucial en la formación de generaciones de estudiantes y en la consolidación de la Universidad Nacional de México (hoy UNAM). Se graduó en Artes en 1915 por la Escuela Nacional de Altos Estudios, y se convirtió en una incansable promotora de la educación, especialmente para mujeres. Además de su labor docente, Grovas fue una activa participante en diversas organizaciones académicas, incluyendo la Asociación de Universitarias Mexicanas, donde jugó un papel fundamental. Representó a esta organización en la Federación Internacional de Mujeres Universitarias, lo que le permitió establecer redes con colegas nacionales e internacionales. A pesar de enfrentar la marginación de género, Grovas ocupó varios puestos importantes, incluyendo la jefatura del Departamento de Letras Inglesas en la Escuela Normal Superior y en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la UNAM. Su legado académico también incluye publicaciones sobre literatura inglesa y educación en México. La vida y obra de Grovas contribuyen significativamente al reconocimiento histórico de las mujeres en la educación y su impacto en el desarrollo cultural y educativo de México.
Prediction of Daily Global Solar Radiation on a Horizontal Plane Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)
Authors: Hamatti Mohamed  , Benchrifa Mohammed  , Mohamed Elouardi  , Mouhsine Hadine  , Mabrouki Jamal  , El-Baz Morad  , Tadili Rachid
Published: January 2025

In recent years, the world has seen an exponential increase in energy demand, prompting scientists to look for innovative ways to exploit the power sun’s power. Solar energy technologies use the sun's energy and light to provide heating, lighting, hot water, electricity and even cooling for homes, businesses, and industries. Therefore, ground-level solar radiation data is important for these applications. Thus, our work aims to use a mathematical modeling tool to predict solar irradiation. For this purpose, we are interested in the application of the Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System. Through this type of artificial neural system, 10 models were developed, based on meteorological data such as the Day number (Nj), Ambient temperature (T), Relative Humidity (Hr), Wind speed (WS), Wind direction (WD), Declination (δ), Irradiation outside the atmosphere (Goh), Maximum temperature (Tmax), Minimum temperature (Tmin). These models have been tested by different static indicators to choose the most suitable one for the estimation of the daily global solar radiation. This study led us to choose the M8 model, which takes Nj, T, Hr, δ, Ws, Wd, G0, and S0 as input variables because it presents the best performance either in the learning phase (R² = 0.981, RMSE = 0.107 kW/m², MAE = 0.089 kW/m²) or in the validation phase (R² = 0.979, RMSE = 0.117 kW/m², MAE = 0.101 kW/m²).
Machine learning for the creation of intelligent educational content
Authors: Abdelmounaim AZINDA  , Mohamed Khaldi
Published: January 2025

The article explores how machine learning can revolutionize the creation of educational content by making it smart and personalized. Traditional teaching methods, often uniform, struggle to meet the diverse needs of learners, which limits their effectiveness. With machine learning, it becomes possible to generate varied and tailored content, such as texts, videos, quizzes, or simulations, while personalizing the paths according to individual learning styles and paces. The goal is to improve engagement and performance by providing learners with interactive resources that meet their specific needs. To achieve this, the study proposes a structured methodology that includes an analysis of current gaps, the development of a theoretical framework based on pedagogical concepts such as constructivism, and the use of advanced algorithms (NLP, supervised learning, clustering) [1][2]. A prototype will be developed using open-source frameworks, followed by experiments to validate the hypotheses that these tools increase engagement and the quality of learning [3]. Expected contributions include theoretical advancements and the creation of a functional tool, paving the way for a more interactive, inclusive education tailored to multilingual and multicultural contexts. The study aims to transform educational practices by combining technology and pedagogy for a richer and more effective experience.
Developing a vendor risk assessment model to secure supply chains in U.S. and Canadian Markets
Authors: Abidemi Adeleye Alabi  , Olukunle Oladipupo Amoo  , Christian Chukwuemeka Ike  , Adebimpe Bolatito Ige
Published: January 2025

In an era of increasing global interconnectivity, securing supply chains has become a critical priority for organizations operating in the U.S. and Canadian markets. This study proposes a comprehensive vendor risk assessment model tailored to address vulnerabilities in supply chains while enhancing resilience and operational security. The model integrates qualitative and quantitative methodologies, leveraging data analytics, machine learning, and risk management frameworks to evaluate vendor reliability, financial stability, compliance with regulations, and cybersecurity preparedness. It incorporates a multi-dimensional approach, encompassing risk identification, assessment, mitigation strategies, and continuous monitoring to address dynamic market challenges. The research identifies key factors influencing vendor risk, including geopolitical instability, regulatory changes, and technological advancements, while emphasizing the importance of collaboration and information sharing between stakeholders. A comparative analysis of the U.S. and Canadian regulatory environments highlights similarities and differences that shape risk assessment practices, providing a basis for localized implementation strategies. The proposed model aims to mitigate risks such as supply chain disruptions, data breaches, and reputational damage by integrating predictive analytics and scenario planning. It emphasizes the role of advanced tools, such as blockchain for transparency, and artificial intelligence for early warning systems, to enable proactive decision-making. By fostering adaptability, the model supports businesses in navigating uncertainties while maintaining compliance with national and international standards. This study contributes to the discourse on supply chain security by offering a robust framework that enhances vendor selection and performance evaluation processes. The findings underscore the necessity of embedding risk assessment as a core element of supply chain management, ensuring sustainability and competitiveness in increasingly complex markets.
Green construction practices: Aligning environmental sustainability with project efficiency
Authors: Grant Nwaogbe  , Osahon Urhoghide  , Eyo Ekpenyong  , Aralu Emmanuel
Published: January 2025

Green construction practices have become essential in addressing pressing environmental challenges while simultaneously improving project efficiency. The increasing demand for sustainable development in the construction industry underscores the urgency of adopting innovative approaches to building design, materials, and processes. This paper delves into the essence of green construction practices, examining their critical role in advancing environmental sustainability and project efficiency. It provides an in-depth exploration of the innovative techniques and strategies used in sustainable construction, emphasizing the need for the industry to transition away from traditional methods that contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, resource depletion, and waste generation. By integrating advanced technologies, utilizing eco-friendly materials, and implementing efficient waste management techniques, green construction practices enable the coexistence of environmental stewardship and operational excellence. The study highlights the multifaceted benefits of green construction, including reduced environmental impacts, enhanced energy and material efficiency, and long-term cost savings. Additionally, it examines case studies of successful projects that demonstrate the practical application and measurable outcomes of these practices. Challenges such as high upfront costs, regulatory barriers, and workforce skill gaps are analyzed, along with actionable solutions that include policy reforms, green financing mechanisms, and specialized training programs. Through a comprehensive analysis, this paper underscores the transformative potential of green construction practices in creating a more sustainable and efficient future for the industry. By addressing these issues holistically, the study aims to provide valuable insights into aligning environmental sustainability with project efficiency in the dynamic and evolving field of construction.
Women in STEM: Breaking barriers and building the future
Authors: Uche Nweje  , Ndubuisi Sharon Amaka  , Charlene Charmwakat Makai
Published: January 2025

The underrepresentation of women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields has been a persistent challenge, hindering innovation and equity in these critical disciplines. Historically, societal norms, biases, and systemic barriers have limited women’s participation, resulting in a gender gap that stifles diverse perspectives in problem-solving and research. However, the global demand for a robust STEM workforce has spurred efforts to dismantle these barriers, promoting inclusivity and gender equality in these fields. This paper explores the journey of women in STEM, examining the cultural, institutional, and personal hurdles they face while highlighting the progress made through policy reforms, mentorship programs, and targeted initiatives. From addressing unconscious biases in educational settings to fostering supportive workplace environments, the strategies discussed aim to ensure equal opportunities for women to thrive in STEM careers. Notable examples of women’s contributions to groundbreaking innovations demonstrate the transformative potential of a diverse STEM community. Further, the study delves into the pivotal role of technological advancements and digital platforms in enabling access to education and resources for women globally. It underscores how such tools are bridging gaps, particularly in underserved regions, by fostering engagement and participation. The narrative narrows its focus to specific case studies and initiatives that have successfully empowered women, setting a blueprint for future efforts. Ultimately, this work emphasizes the importance of sustained commitment from all stakeholders—governments, institutions, and industries—to break barriers and build a more inclusive and equitable STEM landscape.
Estimation of Serum bilirubin and other biochemical parameters in patients with fatty liver disease
Authors: Zeyad Swadi Obaid Al-Isawi
Published: January 2025

Background/Goals: Serum bilirubin has cytoprotective and antioxidant properties. Furthermore, a lower risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders is linked to higher serum bilirubin levels. Few studies, meanwhile, have examined the potential link between blood bilirubin as well as NAFLD, or Fatty liver disease without alcohol consumption, which is strongly linked to additional.metabolic conditions. Clarifying the relationship between serum total bilirubin levels and NAFLD was the goal of this investigation.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 17,348 participants who were getting regular checkups. Participants with a history of hepatitis or who tested positive for the hepatitis B or hepatitis C viruses were not included. Normal ultrasound findings and a daily alcohol consumption of less than 20 g were used to diagnose NAFLD.
Results: 9,076 (52.3%) of the subjects were men, and their average age was 49. In both men and women, As blood bilirubin levels increased, the prevalence of NAFLD gradually decreased (P<0.001 for both). Blood bilirubin levels and the prevalence of NAFLD were found to be negatively correlated by multivariate regression research that controlled for other metabolic risk factors [odds ratio (OR)=0.88, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.80-0.97]. Additionally, NAFLD and serum total bilirubin levels were inversely/dose-dependently related (OR=0.83, 95% CI=0.75-0.93 in the third quartile; OR=0.80, 95% CI=0.71-0.90 in the fourth quartile vs. lowest quartile, P for trend <0.001).
Conclusions: The prevalence of NAFLD was found to be inversely correlated with serum bilirubin levels, regardless of recognized metabolic risk factors. For NAFLD, serum bilirubin may serve as a protective indicator.
Feasibility study on establishing a tranquil haven: A memorial park in Baganga Davao Oriental
Authors: Margelyn M. Donato  , Nikko Romano S. Pabuaya  , Judy Mae C. Apostol
Published: January 2025

Establishing memorial parks as dedicated spaces for remembrance and burial has gained global significance. In the municipality of Baganga, over fifty-six thousand people are crammed into a few square kilometers, at over fifty-six thousand people per square kilometer. The researchers will consider the establishment of a memorial park as a prospective business venture. This consideration arises from the municipality's absence of a proper cemetery and their belief that a cemetery should be a sacred and special place. It should be a space where people can fondly recall and find solace in their memories with their loved ones. This proposed memorial park will focus on four key areas cleanliness, serene surroundings, unwavering security, and in-demand service delivery.
Transforming small business landscapes: Artificial Intelligence's evolutionary leap forward
Authors: Misturah Abimbola Odesanya
Published: January 2025

In the recent years, the increased rate of data creation and the increasing demand for new solutions have advanced artificial Intelligence (AI) in different industries, including small and medium-sized enterprises. Looking at organization risks, AI poses fresh chances to approach numerous issues, starting with cyber danger that involves improved AI-based algorithms regularly modifying their approaches based on new threats. However, the use of smart algorithms takes into consideration such questions as reductionism as well as unforeseen effects. As indicated in this review paper, the current role of AI in cybersecurity of SMEs in the global market is discussed. The information sources that were used in the present study include databases such as Science Direct, Google Scholar and Research Gate. This study was informed by journal articles, conference papers, and reports to get insight of the current state of AI uptake, deployment, and the issues that SMEs encounter in cybersecurity. This is because using AI in cybersecurity, for example in using machine learning (ML) or deep learning (DL), the review shows how such emerging technologies, can help SMEs in both developing and developed countries to effectively deal with rising cyber threats. It also specifies the issues and enablers related to only the SMEs like the availability and quality of data and technical knowhow. The evidence indicates that even if classical linear methods do not guarantee effective protection AI could present unique solutions to counteract cyber threats. Still, the review also looks at the issues that need to be addressed as well as challenges of implementing AI in the organizations such as ethics, data privacy and security, and personnel. Depending on how the threats are mitigated and how the opportunities are realized, SMEs can transform their value proposition and operational models as well as provide value for customers and stakeholders. Cyber security activities when integrated with AI is a critical area that the review seeks to encourage awareness on to ensure that organizations do not become trading fodder for the cyber criminals.
Use of non-conventional protein resources in the diet to improve zootechnical performances in poultry
Authors: Aimé K. Edenakpo  , David Djimenou  , Assouan G. Bonou  , François D. Accrombessi  , Charles B. S. Pomalegni  , Camus M. Adoligbe  , Marc Kenis  , Guy A. Mensah
Published: January 2025

Traditional avian production in developing countries is experiencing low productivity, of which one of the major causes is the absence or insufficiency of protein in their diet. The conventional sources of such proteins are vegetable seeds and their cakes (peanut, soy, etc.), fish or meat meal, etc. This bibliographical synthesis focuses on the reproductive performance of traditional hens, followed in real life or in station then alternative food resources that represent insects, other edible invertebrates and other unconventional plant food resources and finally the improvements induced by these resources on the performance of poultry. Among the most targeted invertebrates today for this new protein approach are fly larvae or maggots. The maggots of house flies (Musca domestica) and black soldier flies (Hermetia illucens) are favored because of the ease of their production and the size of their biomass. These resources constitute a sustainable solution in animal feed but are classified in little-known and unknown sources of animal or vegetable proteins. Most of these protein resources are still inexpensive, can’t compete with human food and their production or use has a negligible negative impact on the environment.
Efek Antidiabetes Yoghurt Pala Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Tikus Model Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2
Authors: Unitly Adrien Jems Akiles , Baszary Chomsa Dintasari Umi , Moniharapon Debby D. , Watuguly Theopilus W. , Moniharapon Mechiavel , Eddy La , Lesbatta Kezia Josawel , Sillehu Eka Safitri , Sikafir Beatrix Belina , Sopacua Gracia N.
Published: January 2025

Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 adalah penyakit gangguan metabolik yang di tandai oleh kenaikan gula darah akibat penurunan sekresi insulin oleh sel beta pankreas atau gangguan fungsi insulin (resistensi insulin). Potensi yoghurt dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah berhubungan dengan kemampuan bakteri asam laktat dalam yoghurt menurunkan kadar kolesterol dan plasma lipid, sehingga meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin pankreas. Buah pala mengandung senyawa kimia yang dapat menunjukkan sifat antioksidan dan antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek terapi yoghurt pala terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah tikus model diabetes melitus tipe 2. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari lima perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan, yaitu K(-): Kelompok kontrol negatif yaitu kelompok tikus yang diberi STZ, K(+): Kelompok kontrol positif yaitu kelompok tikus yang diberi STZ 45 mg/ekor/hari kemudian diberikan obat glibenklamid  selama 14 hari, 1.25: Kelompok tikus yang diberi STZ 45 mg /ekor/hari kemudian diberi ekstrak yoghurt pala  1.25 ml /ekor/hari selama 14 hari, 2.5: Kelompok tikus yang diberi STZ 45 mg /ekor/hari kemudian diberi ekstrak yoghurt pala  2.5 ml/ekor/hari selama 14 hari dan 5.0: Kelompok tikus yang diberi STZ 45 mg /ekor/hari kemudian diberi ekstrak yoghurt pala  5 ml/ekor/hari selama 14 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian yoghurt pala terbukti memiliki efek antioksidan dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dimana dosis yoghurt pala yang efektif adalah 5.0 ml.
Dampak Upwelling terhadap Zona Potensial Penangkapan Ikan (ZPPI)
Authors: Giantoro Saputra  , Ima Nurmalia Permatasari  , Engki A Kisnarti
Published: January 2025

Fenomena upwelling yang membawa air dingin dan kaya nutrisi ke permukaan laut berperan penting meningkatkan produktivitas primer perairan, mendukung pertumbuhan fitoplankton sebagai dasar rantai makanan. Proses ini berkaitan dengan kemunculan thermal front, zona pertemuan dua massa air dengan temperatur berbeda, yang meningkatkan kelimpahan klorofil-a sehingga menarik perhatian ikan pelagis seperti tuna dan cakalang yang bergantung pada ketersediaan makanan yang melimpah. Oleh karena itu pemahaman mengenai dinamika upwelling dan thermal front sangat penting untuk penentuan Zonasi Potensial Penangkapan Ikan (ZPPI). Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia (WPPNRI) 715, merupakan area dengan keragaman spesies ikan yang tinggi. Interaksi antara thermal front dan klorofil-a di kawasan berperan penting dalam proses distribusi sebaran ikan. Sementara itu, Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif (ZEE) dilepas pantai timur semenanjung Malaysia dipengaruhi oleh sistem angin muson yang menciptakan kondisi oseanografi yang unik, sehingga  mempengaruhi pola migrasi ikan. Kedua lokasi ini menawarkan hal menarik untuk penelitian serta berkontribusi pada pengelolaan sumber daya perikanan yang berkelanjutan di Asia Tenggara. Metode yang digunakan mencakup analisis data citra satelit SNPP-VIIRS dan Aqua-MODIS untuk mendeteksi thermal front menggunakan algoritma Single Image Edge Detection (SIED), serta pengolahan data klorofil-a dan Catch per Unit Effort (CpUE) dengan model Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) dan Generalized Additive Model (GAM). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa GAM lebih akurat (87,6 %) dalam memprediksi ZPPI dibandingkan SIED, yang lebih sederhana namun kurang tepat dalam menangkap hubungan kompleks antar faktor lingkungan.
The Contribution of Cash Waqf in Improving Programs in the Field of Education (Study at the International Islamic University (IIUM Endowment Fund) Malaysia)
Authors: Arifani Devina , Rozihan Rozihan
Published: January 2025

Waqf is one of the financial instruments in Islam that has great potential to support various sectors, especially in the field of education. Education is one of the main pillars in community development. With the increasing need for quality education, adequate resources are very important. However, many educational institutions, including IIUM, face challenges in terms of funding. This is where cash Waqf can make a significant contribution. This study aims to analyze the Contribution of Cash Waqf in Improving Programs in the Field of Education (Study at the International Islamic University (IIUM Endowment Fund) Malaysia). The research method used is a qualitative descriptive analytical method. The results of this study are that Waqf has great potential in improving the welfare of Muslims and even reaching non-Muslims, not only infrastructure development but also improving education because the principles of Waqf and knowledge must be continuous and must not run out.
MAKANAN ULTRA-PROSES, INOVASI DALAM INDUSTRI MAKANAN MODERN
Authors: Diba Farah
Published: January 2025

Pan America Health Organization  (PAHO) pada tahun 2015 dari World Health Organization (WHO), pola makan di negara-negara berpenghasilan tinggi dan sekarang negara-negara berpenghasilan rendah dan menengah beralih dari makanan yang tidak diproses atau diproses minimal ke produk makanan dan minuman ultra-proses. Konsumsi ultra-processed foods (UPF) telah meningkat signifikan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, termasuk di Indonesia, seiring dengan perubahan pola makan yang dipengaruhi oleh urbanisasi, perkembangan industri makanan, dan gaya hidup modern. UPF, yang mencakup makanan cepat saji, camilan kemasan, dan minuman manis, mengandung bahan tambahan pengawet, pemanis, dan penguat rasa, dapat menurunkan kualitas gizi makanan. Konsumsi UPF di Indonesia telah mencapai sekitar 45% dari total asupan kalori pada tahun 2020, dengan tren konsumsi yang lebih tinggi di kalangan anak-anak dan remaja. Peningkatan konsumsi UPF ini berhubungan dengan peningkatan prevalensi obesitas, diabetes tipe 2, dan penyakit kardiovaskular, kini menjadi tantangan besar bagi sistem kesehatan di Indonesia. Meskipun pemerintah Indonesia telah mulai mengimplementasikan kebijakan seperti labeling gizi dan pajak gula untuk mengurangi dampak negatif konsumsi UPF, tantangan besar masih ada, terutama dalam penerapan kebijakan yang efektif di seluruh wilayah negara. Diperlukan kebijakan lebih lanjut, edukasi masyarakat, dan peningkatan akses terhadap makanan sehat untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang ditimbulkan oleh konsumsi UPF yang berlebihan.
THE ACCOMMODATION OF GOALS, BELIEFS AND VALUES OF CONSTRUCTIVISM IN THE TECHNOLOGY-BASE ENGLISH LEARNING AND TEACHING
Authors: Rosalina Ritonga Theresia , Sumarni Sri
Published: January 2025

The advancement of technology has significantly transformed the way we study and teach. By effectively utilizing various learning theories, technology can be applied and integrated in a more proficient manner. The relationship between constructivism and technology is closely intertwined, as the application of one field enhances the progress of the other. According to constructivism, technology encompasses the surroundings and designs that actively engage learners, and learning takes place within these specific contexts. In recent times, there have been endeavors to incorporate technology into the classroom based on the principles of constructivist theory. This research paper aims to explore several key topics, including the definition of constructivism, successful integration of technology in the classroom, factors influencing teachers' use of technology, the role of technology in a constructivist learning environment, and how teachers apply learning theories to facilitate more efficient learning experiences.
Etymological Construction and the Making of the Origins of Rus’
Authors: Garcia de la Puente Ines
Published: January 2025

This article examines the role of etymological reasoning in the earliest Rus’ian historical compilation, commonly known as Primary Chronicle (Kyiv, AD 1110s). Understood as any explanation of the origins or meaning of words, from popular etymologizing to what Latinists would call etymologia proper, from mere statements of derivation to interpretative explanations rooted in word similarities, etymological reflection is unexpectedly productive in the earliest Rus’ian annals. Close text analysis reveals that it sometimes consists of simple statements about the origins of toponymy based on phonetic coincidences, yet that it also may operate as a complex device that subtly weaves wordplay into a narrative’s plot. In this way, etymological reasoning emerges as a versatile tool that maps territory and cements foundational legends, thus contributing to shape the historical narrative of the distant past of Rus’.