bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and Internal Validation of a Novel Pre-Transplant Biomarker Panel to Predict Mortality Following Liver Transplantation: The Liver Immune Frailty Index
Authors: Panayotova Guergana G. , Simonishvili Sopio , Nguyen Duc T. , Graviss Edward A. , Aware Nikita , Manner Carl J. , Minze Laurie J. , Ayorinde Tumininu , Qin Yong , Jin Lianhua , Moore Linda , Paterno Flavio , Saharia Ashish , Mobley Constance M. , Amin Arpit , Hobeika Mark J. , Pyrsopoulos Nikolaos , Li Xian C. , Guarrera James V. , Ghobrial R. Mark , Lunsford Keri E.
Published: February 2023

Cirrhosis-related immune dysfunction is well recognized and may contribute to early mortality following liver transplant (LT). The purpose of the present study was to identify pre-transplant biomarkers of immune dysfunction (i.e., immune frailty) that might accurately predict risk of early mortality following LT. Patient plasma was collected immediately prior to LT (T0) and analyzed via Luminex (N=279). On multivariate analysis, HCV IgG, Fractalkine, and MMP3 were significant predictors of 1yr post-LT mortality and were utilized to comprise a novel Liver Immune Frailty Index (LIFI). The LIFI stratifies LT recipients into -low, -moderate, and –high risk tertiles. One-year mortality was 1.4% for LIFI-low, 12.7% for LIFI-moderate, and 58.3% for LIFI-high. Internal validation through bootstrap resampling with 2000 replicates demonstrated the final LIFI model predicts early post-LT mortality with C-statistic=0.84. This novel index may identify patients at risk for persistent severe immune dysfunction and early mortality following LT.
Scaling the Optimizing Care Model in Community Pharmacy using Implementation Mapping and COM-B Theoretical Frameworks
Authors: Hohmeier Kenneth C , Turner Kea , Harland Michael , Frederick Kelsey , Rein Leanne , Atchley Daniel , Woodyard Ashley , Wasem Valerie , Desselle Shane
Published: February 2023

Background: There has been increasing evidence that “task shifting,” when a provider entrusting specific responsibilities to another member of their team, can increase care access and may lead to better patient care outcomes. This has been particularly underscored in underserved communities throughout the world where task shifting has led to increased healthcare access in areas of provider shortages. Within the profession of pharmacy, pharmacy technicians are the primary pharmacist-assistants and recipients of pharmacist-delegated tasks. Recently, such task delegation has placed the pharmacist in more direct patient care responsibilities beyond medication dispensing – and one such model with a growing evidence base is the Optimizing Care Model. Through task shifting, the Optimizing Care Model has been shown to reduce medication errors and increase the quantity of patient care services offered by the pharmacist. However, means to spread and scale the model have yet to be reported in the literature.
Methods: This article describes the development of a package of implementation strategies designed to facilitate implementation the Optimizing Care Model in a single division of nationwide supermarket pharmacy chain. The Implementation Mapping approach was used to systematically develop strategies.
Results: The application of the five steps of Implementation Mapping are described in detail. Implementation objectives, models, and strategies are outlined, as well as the final implementation protocol. There was an overall increase in weeks meeting the 10% Optimizing Care Model threshold; 33% at baseline to 83% after the intervention.
Conclusions: The implementation mapping process led to development of multi-faceted implementation strategy for implementing the Optimizing Care Model into community pharmacy practice. The strategy improved Optimizing Care Model implementation. Further research is needed to understand which strategies were most impactful.
Significant improvement of green light emission efficiency of InGaN/GaN quantum wells by depositing oxide thin films and ultraviolet light irradiations
Authors: Kaito Seiya , Matsuyama Tetsuya , Wada Kenji , Funato Mitsuru , Kawakami Yoichi , Okamoto Koichi
Published: February 2023

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) using InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) have low emission efficiencies in the green wavelength region, a problem known as the “green gap”. Surface plasmon (SP)-enhanced LEDs have attracted considerable attention because of their ability to solve the green gap by improving the internal quantum efficiency (IQE). However, there is no suitable metal for enhancing green light emissions using the propagating mode of SP resonance with thin metal films. Additionally, other problems, such as large absorption loss because of metals and difficulty in extracting light from the SP resonance modes, have prevented practical application of SP-enhanced LEDs. Herein, we propose a novel method to improve the IQE of green-light-emitting InGaN by depositing oxide thin films instead of metals and ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. The innovativeness of the proposed method solves the problems of emission enhancements using plasmonics with metals, making it suitable for developing high-efficiency LED devices for practical applications.
Transforming health care systems towards high-performance organizations: qualitative study based on learning from COVID-19 pandemic in the Basque Country
Authors: Fullaondo Ane , Erreguerena Irati , Keenoy Esteban de Manuel
Published: February 2023

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the worst health catastrophes of the last century, which caused severe economic, political, and social consequences worldwide. Despite these devastating consequences, a great opportunity has also opened up that can drive the reform of health systems to become high-performing, effective, equitable, accessible and sustainable organisations. This work identifies areas in which changes must be encouraged that will enable health systems to deal effectively with current and future challenges.
Methods:
A realist design was chosen, based on qualitative data collection techniques, content analysis and triangulation to identify subject matters (areas of intervention) behind the changes implemented to react to the COVID 19 pandemic in the Basque Country. Twenty key informants were used as an expert source of information. Thematic analysis was done using the Framework Method.
Results:
The analysis of the interviews resulted in the identification of 106 codes, which were reviewed and agreed upon by the researchers. Following the process of methodological analysis, these codes were grouped into 24 sub-themes, and these in turn into 7 themes. Specifically, the themes and sub-themes (in brackets) are: responsiveness (planning, governance, organisational elasticity and staff flexibility), telehealth (telecare, telework and telecoordination), integration (teamwork, collaborative networks, coordination with Public Health and partnerships), knowledge management (intellectual capital, scientific evidence, transmission and training), professional roles (reinforcement and innovation), digitisation (strategy, data analytics, automation and interoperability) and organisational communication (management, content and channels). The detailed description of each theme and subtheme is presented.
Conclusions:
The findings of this work pretend to guide the transformation of health systems into organisations that can improve the health of their populations and providing high quality care. Such a multidimensional and comprehensive reform encompasses both strategic and operational actions in diverse areas and requires a broad and sustained political, technical, and financial commitment.
Oral manifestations of COVID-19 correlated to medical and drug history, a survey on infected medical doctors.
Authors: Magdy Eman , Mohammed Ebtehal , Abdelkawy Maha
Published: February 2023

Objective

Reporting the oral symptoms of COVID-19 and correlate the occurrence of these symptoms with various possible etiologic factors.

Methods

A cross-sectional web-based survey targeted Medical doctors infected with COVID-19. The survey questioned the diagnosis of the disease, the severity of the disease symptoms, the oral symptoms along with drug and medical history. A total sample of 312 response were analyzed and correlated with various factors including the patients’ age, sex, medical history, drug history, hospitalization and severity of COVID-19 symptoms.

Results

Oral manifestations were reported in 72.5% of the participants. The most common oral manifestations were dysgeusia in 76% of patients which was partial in 64% of the participants. Xerostomia was reported in 41.6% of cases. Aphthous stomatitis and recurrent herpetic infections were also reported. The occurrence of oral symptoms was increased among population with previous medical history with no evidence of correlation with any other factors regarding gender, certain medications or oral hygiene.

Conclusion

The most common oral manifestations of COVID-19 are dysgeusia and xerostomia and the occurrence of oral manifestations is increased in patients with previous medical condition.
Clinical relevance: awareness of the possible symptoms and medical conditions that may potentiate the severity of oral symptoms during COVID-19 infection allows targeting the precise mechanism to treat the oral symptoms.
Quantum chemistry simulation of commonly used chemical drugs in COVID-19
Authors: Gong Da
Published: February 2023

Both computational chemistry and molecular simulations are methods of computing molecules through computer algorithms and models to investigate the structure and properties of the molecules of interest. [1] Both are methods to study the properties and structures of molecules under conditions that can be studied without the need for experiments. Since the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, and especially since the large-scale outbreak of the COVID-19 in late 2022 in mainland China, the demand for febrile and analgesic drugs by the general population has increased, and the understanding and study of these drugs has become more important. However, the wide variety of drugs and the complex and demanding requirements of the experimental environment have hindered the understanding of these drugs. In this paper, I will perform molecular simulations of the major components of these drugs using computational chemistry to investigate the various chemical properties of these major components in a cost-effective manner.
Biomarker Heatmaps: an Application of an ‘-omics’ Approach to Detect Storm-induced Source Changes in Fluvial Particulate Organic Carbon
Authors: Kim Jieun , Blair Neal E.
Published: February 2023

The rapid response of riverine particulate organic carbon (POC) to storm hydrograph and its complex chemical compositions due to the diverse sources needs high-resolution sampling and more complementary analytical techniques to understand its storm-induced source dynamics. Such experimental designs inevitably yield larger datasets that require a new data analysis approach to gain a comprehensive overview of the data. Here, we propose to apply the ‘-omics’ approach to seek patterns in source activation and transition and their timings during storm events more effectively and intuitively. Biomarker concentration data are scaled and used to construct a biomarker heatmap using the ComplexHeatmap package in R. Hierarchical clustering is performed on the heatmaps to reorder the biomarkers based on their concentration fluctuations during storm events. We demonstrate the application of this approach to our high-frequency biomarker data obtained from storm POC samples collected in Clear Creek, Iowa. Our heatmap with clustering showed clear time series patterns in biomarker concentration changes, which can be interpreted as source changes. Some possible hypotheses are also discussed based on the biomarker clusters and their unique activation timings captured in our heatmap. This biomarker heatmap approach will help scientists to assess broad patterns in storm-induced POC source changes by offering a new perspective to explore the data as well as help to generate relevant hypotheses to be tested in follow-up analyses.
Logistic regression analysis on correlation of occlusion asymmetry and temporomandibular disorders
Authors: Guo Donghui , Gao Jie , Qin Wen , Wang Xian , Guo Shaoxiong , Jin Zuolin , Wang Meiqing
Published: February 2023

Background: The association between occlusion and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) remains obscure. The present purpose was to explore the asymmetrical occlusion feature(s) potentially linked to the temporomandibular disorders.
Methods: One hundred and forty-eight female cases with a chief complaint of malocclusion, 84 had not (Group-ORD1) and 64 had signs of TMDs (Group-ORD2), and additional 84 female cases with a chief complain of TMDs problems and a history of orthodontic therapy were included (Group-TMD). The following six occlusion variables, measured on plaster study casts, wererecorded as 1 for asymmetry and 0 for symmetry: (i) the mesial-distal relationship of the first molar (F1) and canine (F2); (ii) overjet and overbite relationship of anterior (F3) and posterior teeth (F4); (iii) tooth/teeth missing (F5); and (iv) the weight of the asymmetrical occluding pair (F6). F6 was the ratio of the number of occluding pairs in symmetrical relation to the number of tooth pairs. If the ratio was greater than 60%, F6 would be recorded as 0, otherwise it would be recorded as 1. Binary stepwise logistic regression method was used for data analyses.
Results: For Group-ORD2 versus Group-ORD1, the F6 variable was entered in the simple logistic regression model. The F6 variable and the interactions of F1 and F2 (F1*F2) and of F1, F2 and F6 (F1*F2*F6) entered the multivariable logistic regression model (all OR > 2.68). For Group-TMD versus Group-ORD1, the variables and interactions were F1, F5, and F6 (all OR > 2.39), F4 (OR = 0.28), F5*F6, F1*F2*F6, F1*F5*F6, F1*F2*F5*F6 (all OR > 2.78), and F2*F4, F3*F5, and F2*F4*F6 (all OR < 0.13). For Group-TMD versus Group-ORD2, the variables and interactions were F5, F5*F6, F1*F5*F6 (all OR > 4.03), and F4, F4*F6 and F2*F4*F6 (all OR < 0.21) (all P < 0.05). Of the 84 patients in Group-TMD, 39 had one or more missing teeth due to tooth extraction during orthodontic treatment, and 25 of those 39 patients had asymmetric teeth extraction.
Conclusions: Patients with sagittal asymmetry, asymmetrical missing teeth or asymmetrical weight of contact have a higher risk of having TMDs problems which effects could be enhanced by horizontal asymmetry.
Effect of Si on the mechanical and tribological properties of FeCoNiBSiNb amorphous alloy composites prepared by laser melting
Authors: Liu Jian , Cai Zhihai , He Dongyu , Zeng Xiangling , Peng Zhen , Wang Rui , Li Jing
Published: February 2023

[(Fe0.6Co0.2Ni0.2)0.75-0.03xB0.2Si0.05+0.03x]96Nb4 amorphous/crystalline composite layers were fabricated using laser cladding by adjusting the contents of Si (x= 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). The microstructure and tribological performance of the layers were studied. Additionally, the effect of Si on the glass forming ability (GFA) of the layers was understood. Results show that an appropriate Si content can refine the microstructure of the FeCoNiBSiNb laser cladding layers and improve the mechanical and tribological properties. The hardness of the cladding layers increases monotonically with increasing Si contents,when Si (x=0) the corresponding layer has the smallest microhardness (734.2HV0.1) and Si (x=3) the corresponding layer has the largest microhardness (1106HV0.1),whereas the amorphous content and compressive strength increase first and then decrease. When x=2, the fracture strength of the layer reaches the biggest (2880 MPa). When x>2, the fracture strength of the cladding layer decreases as x value increases.On the contrary, the wear volume loss decreases first and then increases as Si contents increase. When the Si content is 10.56 at.% (x=2), the cladding layer exhibits the highest amorphous content (42 %), the biggest compressive strength (2880 MPa), and the best dry friction performance.
Quantitative Approach for Evaluating the Community Resilience along Eastern Coastal City in Fujian Province
Authors: Cui Yuepeng , Gong Kuangmin
Published: February 2023

Increasing number and intensity of hurricanes cause significant impact on local communities every year. The ability to measure the resilience level of community is increasingly seen as a key step in disaster risk reduction. The identification of indicators that are meaningful for evaluating resilience remains a challenge. The main purpose of this work is to promote the understanding of the multidimensional nature of disaster resilience and provide a set of indicators for measuring the resilience at the city level in Fujian province of China. A set of indicators covering built environment, electricity and economic resilience was identified by cointegration test. Then, the well-chosen indicators are combined into a composite index to reflect the spatial-temporal resiliency level of coastal communities across geographical boundaries and the changing process over time. The proposed quantitative model can be used by planners and policy makers to achieve the performance goal of typhoon resilience of effected community and develop strategies for long-term sustainability of regions.
How have the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent measures impacted the Choice of Public Transportation Modes in Cities of Ethiopia, 2022?
Authors: Tareke Kassa Moges , Ashebir Getachew Mitiku
Published: February 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Comparative study of the structure and durability of commercial silicate glasses for food consumption and cosmetic packaging
Authors: Angeli Frédéric , Brunswic Léa , Charpentier Thibault , Gin Stephane , Asplanato Pierre , Kaya Huseyin , Kim Seong
Published: February 2023

Understanding the mechanisms of glass alteration is not only essential to glass science but also to tailor glass regulations like REACh or food contact directives in accordance with consumer security and manufacturers capabilities. Four different commercial glass compositions from four French major glass manufacturers have been investigated: lead crystal glass (fine glassware), soda-lime glass (containers for the perfume and cosmetic industries), borosilicate glass (cooking dishes) and barium glass (tableware). Glass structure has been investigated by solid-state multinuclear MAS NMR spectroscopy to compare the local environment and coordinence of the main elements. Glass powders (63-125 μm) and glass slabs have been altered for 3 years in acetic acid (4 % vol) at pH = 2.4 and a temperature of 70°C. Leaching solution samplings have been regularly operated and solutions were analysed with ICP-AES to determine the release rate of each element. At 7.5 months, the glass slabs were removed from the leaching solution to be analysed by ToF SIMS and Spectroscopic Ellipsometry, yielding alteration depths and elemental distribution of each of the studied composition. As a result, the polymerization of the silicate network, as well as the glass composition, impact the alteration rates. The fully polymerized borosilicate glass shows the highest durability whereas glasses with higher non-bridging oxygen content, have a higher alteration depth considering the alkalis depletion. In the case of lead crystal glass, repolymerization of the silicate network was observed in the course of alteration. Meanwhile, the rate of hydrolysis measured from the release of Si, whatever the glass structure and composition, remained the same under identical alteration conditions.
Public voices on tie-breaking criteria and underlying values in COVID-19 triage protocols to access critical care: a scoping review
Authors: Ramirez Claudia Calderon , Farmer Yanick , Bouthillier Marie-Eve
Published: February 2023

Background
To reduce the arbitrariness in the allocation of rare resources in intensive care units (ICU) in the context of the pandemic, tiebreakers were considered in some COVID-19 triage algorithms. They were also contemplated to facilitate the tragic decisions of healthcare workers when faced with two patients with similar prognosis and only one ICU bed available. Little is known about the public's perspective on tiebreakers.
Objectives
To consolidate the available scientific literature on public consultations, particularly on tiebreakers and their underlying values. Also, to obtain an overview of the key arguments presented by the participating public and to identify potential gaps related to this topic.
Methods
The steps described by Arksey & O'Malley was the preferred method to our approach. Seven electronic databases were searched from January 2020 to April 2022, using keywords for each database: PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, EBM reviews, CINAHL complete. We also searched in Google and Google Scholar, and in the references of the articles found. Our analysis was mainly qualitative. A thematic analysis was performed to consider the public's perspectives on tiebreakers and their underlying values, according to these studies.
Results
Of 477 publications found, 20 were selected. They carried out public consultations through various methods: surveys (80%), interviews (20%), deliberative processes (15%) and others (5%) in various countries: Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Iran, Italy, Japan, Korea, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, Thailand, United Kingdom, and United States. Five themes emerged from our analysis. The public favored the life cycle (50%) and absolute age (45%) as a tiebreaker. Other values considered important were reciprocity, solidarity, equality, instrumental value, patient merit, efficiency, and stewardship. Among the new findings were a preference for patient nationality and those affected by COVID-19.
Conclusions
There is a preference for favoring younger patients over older patients when there is a tie between similar patients, with a slight tendency to favor intergenerational equity. Variability was found in the public's perspectives on tiebreakers and their values. This variability was related to socio-cultural and religious factors. More studies are needed to understand the public's perspective on tiebreakers.
Decreased aggressive care at the end of life among advanced cancer patients in Korea: A nationwide study from 2012 to 2018
Authors: Kwon Sara , Kim Kyuwoong , Park Bohyun , Park Sojung , Choi Jin Young , Jho Hyun Jung
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To investigate the trends of aggressive care at the end of life (EoL) for patients with advanced cancer in Korea between 2012 and 2018, and to identify factors affecting such care.
Methods: This was a population-based, retrospective nationwide study. We used administrative data from the National Health Insurance Service and the Korea Central Cancer Registry to analyze 125,350 patients aged 20 years and above who died within one year of a stage IV cancer diagnosis between 2012 and 2018.
Results: The overall aggressiveness of EoL care decreased between 2012 and 2018. In patients’ last month of life, chemotherapy use (37.1% to 32.3%; P< .0001), cardiopulmonary resuscitation (13.2% to 10.4%; P < .0001), and intensive care unit admission (15.2% to 11.1%; P < .0001) decreased during the study period, although no significant trend was noted in the number of emergency room visits. A steep increase was seen in inpatient hospice use in the last month of life (8.6% to 26.6%; P < .0001), while downward trends were observed for hospice admission within three days prior to death (13.9% to 11%; P = .0319). Patients were more likely to receive aggressive EoL care if they were younger, women, had treatment in tertiary hospitals, or had hematologic malignancies. In the subgroup analysis, the overall trend of aggressive EoL care decreased for all five major cancer types.
Conclusion: The aggressiveness of EoL care in stage IV cancer patients showed an overall decrease during 2012–2018 in Korea.
Three-dimensional unsteady phenomenon in extensive interaction area driven by counter-flow jets and rarefied hypersonic free stream based on direct simulation Monte-Carlo simulation
Authors: Wu Junlin , Li Zhong-Hua , Peng Ao-Ping , Li Lang-Quan
Published: February 2023

Based on the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method, an unsteady flow, which is caused by the interaction of two counter-flow jets with a hypersonic free stream, is constructed and simulated in the rarefied regime for the flight altitude of 90 km. In this complex three-dimensional rarefied flow, although the hypersonic free stream and all counter-flow jets are stable, their interaction area has great instability. This signifies that this extensive interaction area will not reach a final stable state in the DSMC simulation process. This study exhibits the unsteady evolution of the interaction area.
Gestural communication in wild spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi)
Authors: Larenas Felipe Villa , Llorente Miquel , Liebal Katja , Amici Federica
Published: February 2023

Gestures play a central role in the communication systems of several species, including primates. In this study, we provide a first assessment of the gestural systems of a Platyrrhine species, Geoffroy’s spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi). We observed a wild group of 52 spider monkeys, and assessed the distribution of visual and tactile gestures in the group, the size of individual repertoires, and the intentionality and effectiveness of individuals’ gestural production. Our results showed that younger spider monkeys were more likely than older ones to use tactile gestures, despite no inter-individual differences in the distribution of visual gestures. Repertoire size did not vary with age, whereas the probability of accounting for recipients’ attentional state was higher for older monkeys than for younger ones, especially for gestures in the visual modality. Using vocalizations right before the gesture increased the probability of gesturing toward attentive recipients and of receiving a response, although age had no effect on the probability of gestures being responded. Overall, our study provides first evidence of complex gestural communication in a Platyrrhine species, and confirms this taxon as a valid candidate for research on animal communication.
Nonylphenol induces myocardial fibrosis by activating the TGF- β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway
Authors: Guo Mei , Xu Jie , Liu Weichu , Long Xianping , Aris Ahmad Zaharin , Yang Danli , Luo Ya , Nie Yanling , Yu Jie
Published: February 2023

Objective: The objective was to explore whether perinatal nonylphenol (NP) exposure leads to myocardial fibrosis during adulthood in male rats and to determine the action of the TGF-β1/limk1 signaling pathway in np-induced fibrosis in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs).
Methods and Results: The histopathological results showed increased collagen deposition and altered fiber arrangement in the NP and model groups compared with the blank group. The systolic and diastolic functions were impaired. Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis showed that the central myofibrosis-related proteins (collagen I, collagen III, MMP2, MMP9, TGF-β1, α-SMA, IL-1β, and TGF-β1) and genes (Collagen I, Collagen III, TGF-β1, and α-SMA mRNA) were upregulated in the NP and model groups compared with the blank group. The mRNA-seq analysis indicated differential expression of TGF-β1 signaling pathway. In vitro, fibrosis-related protein and gene expression was increased in CFs under recombinant human TGF-β1 and NP stimulation, which was consistent with the results of animal experiments. Mechanistically, immunofluorescence (IF) and Western blot analysis showed that NP exposure activated the TGF-β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway. The mechanism of TGF-β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway in NP-induced CFs was further validated. LIMK1 inhibitor (BMS-5) modulated the TGF-β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway and then suppressed the NP-induced increase in fibrosis-related protein expression in CFs. These results suggest that the TGF-β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway is involved in NP-induced fibrosis.
Conclusion: Our results provide the first evidence suggesting that perinatal NP exposure causes myocardial fibrosis in growing male rat pups and reveal the molecular mechanism and functional role of the TGF-β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway in this process.
3D Gravity Fast Inversion Based on Krylov Subspace Methods
Authors: Yang Min , Xu Xinqiang , Wang Wanyin , Zhao Dongming , Zhou Wei
Published: February 2023

Mapping the density contrast through the 3D gravity inversion can help detect the goals under the subsurface. However, it is a challenge to accurately and efficiently solve the 3D gravity inversion. The Krylov subspace method is widely used to solve large linear problems because of its small storage capacity and high computational efficiency. In this study, two classical algorithms of Krylov subspace method, i.e., the Generalized Minimum Residual method and the Conjugate Gradient method, are applied to 3D gravity inversion. Based on the results of the deep mineral model and the shallow L-shaped tunnel model tests, the Generalized Minimum Residual method was found to provide density contrast results similar to the Conjugate Gradient method. The distribution position of the density contrast obtained by inversion corresponds well to the position of the deep mineral resources model and the L-shaped tunnel model. The 3D underground distribution of Fe content is obtained by performing inversion of the measured gravity data of the Olympic Dam in Australia, and the obtained results correspond well with the distribution position of Fe content in the collected geological profile. Under the same conditions, the inversion accuracy of the Generalized Minimum Residual method is similar to that of the Conjugate Gradient method. However, the Generalized Minimum Residual method has faster convergence speed than the Conjugate Gradient method, and the inversion efficiency is increased by about 90%, which greatly reduces the inversion time and improves the inversion efficiency.
Effects of Flooding on Traffic Flow in Some Areas in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
Authors: AYITI O.M
Published: February 2023

There’s an urgent need to declare a state of emergency on Flooding in Ado-Ekiti, the menace has become an annual unwanted event in the area of focus in the course of this study. Transport is such a unique sector that ensures the functionality of other sectors, without mobility there can’t be growth and development. Primary and secondary data were been adopted and it’s clearly stated that flooding especially in the study area has effect on traffic flow. The sternness is when it is during the peak period, when more people are plying the road. The study recommended that every means of tackling Flooding should be adopted and that there should be an alternative route, media constant and continuous announcement of flood hot spot during prolonged rainfall and that agencies should be available to block such route to avoid traffic interruption that could resultantly generate series of unfortunate problems.
Feasibility of a New Risk Stratification System in Pediatric Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: Result of a Prospective Open-Label Multiple-Institution Study
Authors: Chen Tingting , Zeng Chengong , Liao Ning , Zhang Xiaohong , Chen Zaisheng , Yuan Xiuli , Yang Zhen , Guo Haixia , Yang Liangchun , Wen Chuan , Zhang Wenlin , Li Yang , Luo Xuequn , Wu Zelin , Yang Lihua , Liu Riyang , Zheng Mincui , He Xiangling , Sun Xiaofei , Zhen Zijun
Published: February 2023

Background
The risk stratification of pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has not been unified. Purpose: In this study, new risk factors were included to establish a new risk stratification system for ALCL, and its feasibility in clinical practice was explored.
Methods
On the basis of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Berlin–Frankfurt–Munster 95 (NHL-BFM-95) protocol, patients with minimal disseminated disease (MDD), high-risk tumor site (multiple bone, skin, liver, and lung involvement), and small cell/lymphohistiocytic (SC/LH) pathological subtype were enrolled in risk stratification. Patients were treated with a modified NHL-BFM-95 protocol combined with an anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor or vinblastine.
Results
A total of 136 patients were enrolled in this study. The median age was 8.8 years. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival of the entire cohort were 77.7% and 92.3%, respectively. The 3-year EFS rates of R1, R2, and R3 patients were 100%, 89.5%, and 67.9%, respectively. The prognosis of patients with MDD (+), stage IV cancer, SC/LH lymphoma, and high-risk sites was poor, and the 3-year EFS rates were 45.3%, 65.7%, 55.7%, and 67.9%, respectively.
Conclusions
This study established a new risk stratification system for the precise treatment of pediatric ALCL that is convenient and feasible in clinical practice. Among high-risk patients, patients with SC/LH lymphoma and MDD (+) at diagnosis still need to receive better treatment.
Predictors and outcomes of cutaneous metastatic breast carcinoma: a retrospective, single- institution review
Authors: Choo Zi-Yi , Xu Amy Z.
Published: February 2023

Breast carcinoma is among the most common visceral malignancies to metastasize to the skin, but few studies have comprehensively characterized the patient and breast cancer-specific features of cutaneous metastases of primary breast carcinoma (CMBC). In this case control study, we identified key clinical, histopathologic, and molecular features of CMBC within a large, single-institution cohort. We further stratified between locoregional and distant cutaneous metastases to identify possible predictors of the eventual skin phenotype. Ninety-four (94) histologically confirmed cases of CMBC biopsied between January 2005 and December 2021 were identified via review of the University of Chicago Medicine pathology report database. Of these, 37 were locoregional and 57 were distant cutaneous metastases. The mean duration between diagnosis of breast cancer and CMBC was 7.02 years (range, 0–37 years). Histologically, most primary breast tumors were invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC; 82.2%). On subgroup analysis, older age and underlying invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) were significantly associated with distant patterns of CMBC (P = 0.026 and 0.008, respectively). Notably, patients with distant CMBC also demonstrated worse functional status, more recalcitrant disease, and higher mortality than those with locoregional CMBC. Our analysis represents one of the largest cohorts to date of CMBC and highlights the importance of longitudinal skin surveillance in the detection of CMBC. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the primary breast cancer subtype may influence the eventual presentation of metastatic disease to the skin, a novel finding that warrants further exploration.
Heavy metal pollution in the Yongjiang Estuary, China and their relations to environmental factors
Authors: Zheng Chunli , Liao Hongkai
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between 8 heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Mn, Ni, Cr, Fe, Cu and As) and 11 environmental parameters at five sites during the tide rising and ebbing durations of surface water over four seasons in the Yongjiang Estuary, China. The results found that the change concentrations of heavy metals and environmental factors were high, which had obvious spatial distribution and seasonal dynamic characteristics. In the aspect of spatial distribution, the concentrations of heavy metals and the physical and chemical indexes were higher at the points near the industrial area. In the aspect of seasonal dynamics, the concentrations of Pb, total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen were the highest in winter. In the aspect of tidal change, the change rules of different indicators were different, among which, the concentrations of Cd, Ni and total nitrogen in the rising tide and ebb tide were quite different. The concentration of dissolved organic carbon, total nitrogen, pH, salinity, ammonia nitrogen and chlorophyll a were positively correlated with target heavy metals. This study explored the relationship between the concentrations of heavy metals and environmental parameters, which is beneficial to future heavy metals research in estuaries.
Assessment of the Microbial Quality of Food Contact Surfaces (Utensils) of Hotels and Restaurants in Addis Ababa
Authors: Tenna Abiyot , Amare Kassayenew , Tekola Hiwot , Kidan Yohannes W. , Melese Daniel , Medhin Girmaye
Published: February 2023

Background: Food contact surfaces are surfaces that encounter food for humans. It can harbor and introduce pathogens into food. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the microbiological quality of food contact surfaces (utensils) from hotels and restaurants in Addis Ababa. Methods: We used cross-sectional study design in which 12 hotels and 28 restaurants were randomly selected in Addis Ababa. Swab samples from utensils of hotels and restaurants were collected (i.e. four utensils from each establishment) and analyzed over the period of three months resulting in a total of 160 swab samples. Result: Among the hotel and restaurant utensils the highest median count of log total coliform was obtained on trays (5.93log10CFU/100cm2in hotels and 5.00log10CFU/100 cm2, in restaurants). Faecal coliform andE.coliwas detected in 14.37% and 3.12% of utensils, respectively. The highest median count of logS.aureuswas 5.95log10CFU/100cm2on tray in hotel and 5.57log10CFU/100cm2on dipper in restaurant and, the median counts of log APC was 9.37log10CFU/100cm2on tray in Hotel and 8.51log10CFU/100cm2on spoon in restaurant. Conclusion: The finding showed that there is high microbial load and inadequacy of washing and cleaning services in hotels and restaurants in Addis Ababa. Hence, there is a need to strengthen monitoring and supervision system is hotels and restaurants.
The Iterative Solution Of Taylor Formula For Partial Differential Equation
Authors: GAO Yang
Published: February 2023

This paper discuss the relation between Taylor's formula and partial differential equation. Taylor formula iteration method can resolve partial differential equation. u(x, t)be expanded at t = 0or t = 1by Taylor formula Coefficient of Taylor formula ut(x; 0),utt(x; 0). . . can be expressed by partial differential equation. The method can solve nonlinear differential equation.Generalized Taylor's formula can solve fractional partial differ- ential equation. The method is very important way that resolving partial differential equation. The method also can resolve those equations from [1]-[9]. This article refers to the literature [10]. Taylor formula iteration method belong to logical thinking.
Aliilewinella sediminis gen. nov. sp. nov., isolated from the coastal sediment, and reclassification of some Lewinella species as the members of the genus Alilewinella
Authors: Zhang Ya-Jing , Ji Chu-Xuan , Li Fan , Zhong Yan-Lin , Gong Ya , Du Zong-Jun
Published: February 2023

A Gram-negative, non-motile, aerobic, gliding, slender rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from the coastal sediment of Xiaoshi Island, Weihai, China. The newly isolated strain, designated W8T, grew at 15–37°C (optimum, 30°C) and pH 6.0–8.5 (optimum, pH 7.0–7.5) in the presence of 1.0–5.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3.0%). The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7c/C16:1ω6c), iso-C15:0, iso-C17:0 3-OH, and summed feature 9 (C16:0 10-methyl/iso-C17:1ω9c). The sole isoprenoid quinone of the strain was MK-7. The polar lipid profile consisted of one phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified phospholipid, and eight unidentified polar lipids. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain W8T was found to be closely related to Lewinella agarilytica KCTC 12774T (94.5%), L. lacunae KCTC 42187T (94.1%) and L. aurantiaca SSH13T (93.3%), belonging to the family Lewinellaceae. Based on the results of polyphasic taxonomic analyses and genomic analyses, strain W8T (= KCTC 72084T = MCCC 1H00378T) is considered to represent a novel species within a new genus Aliilewinella, for which the name Aliilewinella sediminis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. We also propose to reclassify 11 species of the genus Lewinella as the members of the genus Aliilewinella.
Androgen-induced exosomal miR-379-5p release determines granulosa cell fate: The cellular mechanism of anovulatory polycystic ovaries
Authors: Salehi Reza , Wyse Brandon A. , Asare-Werehene Meshach , Esfandiarinezhad Fereshteh , Abedini Atefeh , Pan Bo , Urata Yoko , Gutsol Alex , Vinas Jose L. , Jahangiri Sahar , Xue Kai , Xue Yunping , Burns Kevin D. , Vanderhyden Barbara , Li Julang , Osuga Yutaka , Burger Dylan , Tan Seang-Lin , Librach Clifford L. , Tsang Benjamin K.
Published: February 2023

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex multi-factorial syndrome associated with androgen excess and anovulatory infertility. In the current study, we investigated the role of dihydrotestosterone-induced exosomal miR-379-5p release in determining the destiny of the developing follicles. Our hypothesis was that androgen regulates granulosa cell miR-379-5p content by facilitating its exosomal release in a follicular-stage dependent manner, a process which determines granulosa cell fate. Compared to human non-PCOS subjects, individuals with PCOS exhibit higher follicular fluid free testosterone levels, lower exosomal miR-379-5p content and granulosa cell proliferation. Androgenized rats exhibited lower granulosa cell miR-379-5p but higher phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1; a miR-379-5p target) content and proliferation. Androgen reduced granulosa cell miR-379-5p content by increasing its exosomal release in preantral follicles, but not in antral follicles in vitro. Studies with an exosomal release inhibitor confirmed that androgen-induced exosomal miR-379-5p release decreased granulosa cell miR-379-5p content and proliferation. Ovarian overexpression of miR-379-5p suppressed granulosa cell proliferation, and basal and androgen-induced preantral follicle growth in vivo. These findings suggest that increased exosomal miR-379-5p release in granulosa cells is a proliferative response to androgenic stimulation specific for the preantral stage of follicle development and that dysregulation of this response at the antral stage is associated with follicular growth arrest, as observed in human PCOS.
Unveiling structure transformation and activity origin of the heteroatom-doped carbons for hydrogen evolution
Authors: Lu Shanshan , Cheng Chuanqi , Shi Yanmei , Zhang Zhipu , Zhang Bin
Published: February 2023

Heteroatom-doped carbon materials have been widely used in many aqueous electrocatalytic reduction reactions. Their structure-activity relationships are mainly explored based on the assumption that the doped carbon materials keep stable during electrocatalysis. Thus, the structural evolutions of heteroatom-doped carbon materials are often ignored, and their active origins are still unclear. Herein, taking N-doped graphite flake (N-GP) as the research model, we present the hydrogenation of both N and C atoms and the consequent reconstruction of the carbon skeleton during hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), accompanied by a remarkable promotion of the HER activity. The N dopants are gradually hydrogenated and almost completely dissolved in the form of ammonia. Theoretical simulations demonstrate that the hydrogenation of the N species leads to the reconstruction of the carbon skeleton from a hexagonal to a 5,7-topological ring (G5-7) with thermoneutral hydrogen adsorption and easy water dissociation. P-, S-, and Se-doped graphite also shows the similar removal of doped heteroatoms and the formation of G5-7 rings. Our work unveils the activity origin of heteroatom-doped carbon toward the HER and opens a door to the rethinking structure-performance relationships of carbon-based materials for other electrocatalytic reduction reactions.
Agências de Rating e relativização da soberania nacional
Authors: Rezende Santos Letícia , Gaspardo Murilo
Published: February 2023

Apesar de a noção de soberania ter ocupado lugar central na construção teórica do Estado-Nação, o surgimento e a consolidação de centros decisórios e de poder para além das fronteiras nos séculos 20 e 21, associados à impossibilidade de separação entre questões nacionais e externas, culminaram na percepção de relativização da soberania nacional. Diante dessa conjuntura, o presente artigo teve por objetivo analisar a interferência da atividade das agências de rating nos processos decisórios internos, contribuindo para o fenômeno da relativização. A pesquisa teve como sede epistemológica a Teoria Geral do Estado e o método empregado foi o hipotético-dedutivo, ou seja, partindo do conhecimento prévio sobre as concepções de soberania nacional, o papel das agências de rating e a possível interferência dessas agências na soberania, foram elaboradas conjecturas e hipóteses acerca da intensidade desse problema e das possibilidades e alternativas a ele, que foram testadas a partir do confronto com observações das realidades grega e brasileira. Essas realidades, por sua vez, foram apreciadas por meio do método de estudo de casos, isto é, estudo qualitativo que abrangeu a coleta e a análise de dados e informações pertinentes. Com base nessa investigação, concluiu-se que, embora seja difícil identificar o grau de influência das agências nas tomadas de decisão internas, é inegável que essa interferência existe e, diante da impossibilidade de restrição ou exclusão de classificações, a alternativa apresentada é a da regulamentação.
Métodos adequados para solução de conflitos e sua eficiência em tempos de Justiça digital
Authors: Rossignoli Marisa , Pissolato Solange , Oliveira Bruno Bastos de
Published: February 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo abordar os métodos adequados de solução de conflitos, em especial a mediação, a partir da Análise Econômica do Direito como sistema de referência metodológico. Esse sistema de referência pode se apresentar, no caso do objeto aqui pesquisado, como balizador da produção normativa e de sua aplicação, sendo possível expandir a análise dos problemas jurídicos para além da realidade abstrata da norma positivada, através do exercício da interdisciplinaridade entre direito e economia. Como metodologia a pesquisa é dedutiva e qualitativa, utilizando-se da técnica de documentação indireta, por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica de fontes secundárias ancoradas em publicações, revistas, e livros e legislação pertinente ao tema. Conclui-se que os métodos adequados para solução de conflitos, por meios digitais, se revelaram como mecanismo eficiente para reversão da realidade instalada no Judiciário Brasileiro, com problemas quanto à efetividade na entrega da tutela jurisdicional.
A subalternidade de crianças soldado no âmbito do tribunal penal internacional: Uma análise do caso de Dominic Ongwen
Authors: Squeff Tatiana de Almeida Freitas Rodrigues Cardoso , Silva Pedro Lucchetti , Feitoza Daniel Urias Pereira
Published: February 2023

O presente artigo analisa o caso de Dominic Ongwen, membro do grupo armado Lord's Resistance Army, que fora recrutado ainda enquanto criança para o grupo no contexto do conflito armado de Uganda, e que cometera a mesma violação sofrida no passado a outrem, sendo, por isso, acusado no Tribunal Penal Internacional. Assim, no plano macro, avulta-se a influência do passado imperial/colonial Europeu no direito internacional e como isso conduz à criação e sustentação de hostilidades. No plano micro tem-se o fito de compreender, à luz da subalternidade gerada por tal sistema, o fenômeno do aliciamento coercitivo de crianças soldado na luta armada e as suas consequências na sua psique, apontando para a necessidade de revisitar o ciclo vicioso de ilegalidade e imperialidade que forma e caracteriza o ordenamento internacional para uma análise mais precisa do caso e das próprias regras do Tribunal. Nessa toada, metodologicamente este estudo, de natureza aplicada, seguirá o método hipotético-dedutivo de abordagem, estabelecendo-se a relação entre o pensamento de Gayatri Spivak com o caso do ugandês, perpassando pela construção do Tribunal Penal Internacional (TPI) e das regras acerca do envolvimento de crianças soldado em meio a hostilidades – pontos esses que serão explorados pelo método descritivo e explicativo e cujas referências serão obtidas a partir dos procedimentos bibliográfico e documental, seguindo um recorte qualitativo, porém sem o condão de esgotá-las.