bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Power and stimulus of social media marketing on consumer purchase intention in Bangladesh during the COVID-19
Authors: Ara Eti Ismat , Horaira Mohammad Abu , Bari Mohammad Murshedul
Published: February 2021

The study was motivated by the need to highlight the roles played by social media marketing on consumers' purchase intention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since it was a quantitative study, hypotheses were tested to generate findings. We used IBM SPSS 25.0 software to analyze using reliability statistics, descriptive statistics, and IBM SPSS Amos 26.0 software was used to do confirmatory factor analysis for the purpose of developing hypothesis, and SEM used for trying to fit the model. The primary data was mustered by personal interview in an online survey method through a structured questionnaire with five-point Likert scales from 240 Bangladeshi online consumers. These findings publicized that social media marketing (Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube) a significant stimulus on consumers purchase intention during COVID-19, and all factors except discount or coupon offer and brand awareness had an epoch-making and constructive connection with consumers’ purchase intention during the coronavirus malady (COVID-19) epidemic in Bangladesh.
Third Party Legal Protection Against Investors Does Not Release the Building Rights After Termination of Contracts for Business Sites
Authors: Manihuruk Rexon
Published: February 2021

Legal Protection for Third Parties (Occupants: Tenants) Facing Investors who do not relinquish Building Rights After the Termination of Contract Agreement for Morning Market Business Sites in Tegal City is needed. This paper uses a normative juridical research method. The main data sources of this study come from the results of decisions and documents relating to the problems faced by traders, especially those who received complaints and were sued by Investors, including decisions between the city government and investors. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the role of the city of Tegal to protect traders is very important as a form of legal protection for the actions of investors against the occupants of the morning market stalls block B and C morning market in Tegal City. The Tegal City Government as having legal rights and relations (compensation/ peace agreement) after terminating the contract for the place of business with the Investor to collect the obligation of the Investor to give up his rights in a preventive and repressive manner (making a claim) to the investor to carry out its obligations as agreed surrender (release) the right to use the building.Keywords: Legal Protection; Business Place Contracts; Building Use Rights
Legal Protection for Creditors Against Validity of Trade Binding Act with Loan Without Dependent Rights (Analysis of Verdict Number: 34/Pdt/2017/PT. YYK and Number : 214/Pdt.G/2014/PN.Jkt Sel)
Authors: Trisnowati Nina
Published: February 2021

Credit, which was previously considered taboo, is now a necessity in society. Everyone is looking for convenience for credit without knowing the risks and impacts that will occur in the future. The most important element of credit (debt) is the trust of the creditor towards the borrower as the debtor. Sale and Purchase Agreement (hereinafter referred to as PJB) is an agreement between a seller to sell his property to a buyer made with a notarial deed. Cases that occurred in Yogyakarta High Court Decision Number 34 / Pdt /2017/PT.YYK and District Court Decision Number 214 / Pdt, G / 2014 / PN. Jkt.Sel is a case of debt receivable with collateral for a certificate of land rights and the parties poured their agreement into the Sale and Purchase Binding Act (PPJB) and the Selling Power of Attorney, considering that after the two decisions, there was an outstanding debt problem, while the debtor was still have not been able to repay their debts to creditors, with guarantees of certificates of land rights without mortgage. The purpose of this study was to analyze the judges' consideration of the decision Number 34 / Pdt /2017/PT.YYK with Decision Number 214 / Pdt.G / 2014 / PN. Jkt Cell regarding sale and purchase agreement. analyze the legal protection for creditors against the validity of the deed of sale and purchase agreement with a loan without mortgage. analyze repayment by defaulting debtors relating to debts and loans without mortgages. The method used in this study is a normative juridical method, analyzed Normatively Qualitatively, The results of the study show that in Decision Number 34 / Pdt /2017/PT.YYK which states are null and void and do not have the power to bind an authentic deed regarding the "Purchase Bond" Number 01/2015 and authentic deed in the form of "Sales Authority" Number 02/2015 , because based on the Supreme Court Jurisprudence of the Republic of Indonesia number 275K / PDT / 2004. Whereas as a comparison for Decision Number 214 / Pdt.G / 2014 / PN. Jkt Cell, which originally had a legal relationship, that is, debt and receivables which stated that the Plaintiff was proven to have committed a default on the Defendant, stated the Purchase Binding Agreement No. 45 dated July 11, 2008 and all of its derivatives are valid and correct deeds; declare the Deed of Credit Recognition No. 46 dated July 11, 2008 and all of its derivatives are valid and correct deeds; certifies Fiduciary Deed (movable property) No. 47 dated July 11, 2008 and all of its derivatives are valid and correct deeds. Keywords: Legal Protection, Debt-Receivables, Binding Agreement of Purchase, Abuse of Circumstances.
The Importance of Good Constitution for Resulting Good Governance and Clean Goverment
Authors: Darusman Yoyon Mulyana , Wiyono Bambang , Widodo Guntarto
Published: February 2021

The existence of the Constitution in the State as the Social Contract to born of the State, this statement base onSocrates (Era the 3 rd before Messiah) as one of the other philosophy of Greek, so that in the practicing of born orestablish of the States in the world, beginning by compromise of the Constitution of the State.
KONSEP DASAR HIPERGRAF DAN SIFAT-SIFATNYA
Authors: Putri Faiq Fauziya , Triyani Triyani , Wardayani Ari
Published: February 2021

This article discusses fundamental properties of hypergraphs. Hypergraphs are generalization of graph which hyperedges, edges in hypergraph, can join more than two vertices. The fundamental properties in this article are the vertices degrees, connection in hypergraphs, and dual hypergraph. connectivity in hypergraphs in this article are walks, trails, strict trails, path, and cycles. In the end of this article, we present a few examples of problems that can be represented by hypergraph.
AMPK Metabolism in the B Lineage Modulates Humoral Responses
Authors: Brookens Shawna K. , Boothby Mark R.
Published: February 2021

A large and growing body of evidence supports functions of enzymes that regulate or effect cellular metabolism in governing the development, survival, and effector functions of immune cells-especially T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Among these proteins, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a conserved ATP and nutrient sensor that regulates multiple metabolic pathways to promote energy homeostasis. Although AMPK had been shown to regulate aspects of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell biology, its function in B lymphocytes has been less clear. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the role of AMPK in the metabolism, function, and maintenance of the B lineage.
Algebraic Polynomial Sum Solver Over $\{0, 1\}$
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: February 2021

Given a polynomial $P(x_{1}, x_{2}, \ldots, x_{n})$ which is the sum of terms, where each term is a product of two distinct variables, then the problem $APSS$ consists in calculating the total sum value of $\sum_{\forall U_{i}} P(u_{1}, u_{2}, \ldots, u_{n})$, for all the possible assignments $U_{i} = \{u_{1}, u_{2}, ... u_{n}\}$ to the variables such that $u_{j} \in \{0, 1\}$. $APSS$ is the abbreviation for the problem name Algebraic Polynomial Sum Solver Over $\{0, 1\}$. We show that $APSS$ is in $\#L$ and therefore, it is in $FP$ as well. The functional polynomial time solution was implemented with Scala in \url{https://github.com/frankvegadelgado/sat} using the DIMACS format for the formulas in $\textit{MONOTONE-2SAT}$.
MicroRNAs Role in Non-Communicable Diseases and Link to Multidrug Resistance, Regulation or Alteration
Authors: Mahmoud Marwa M. , Sanad Eman F. , Hamdy Nadia M.
Published: February 2021

Discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) twenty years ago, has advocated a new era of “Molecular Genetics”. About 2000 miRNAs are present, that regulate one third of the genome. MiRNAs dysregulated expression may contribute to several diseases including tumor growth. Their presence in body fluids, reflecting levels alteration in various cancers, merit circulating miRNAs as the “next generation biomarkers” for early stages tumor diagnosis and/or prognosis. Herein, we performed a comprehensive literature search focusing on the origin, biosynthesis and role of miRNAs and summarized the foremost studies centering on miRs value as non-invasive biomarkers in different non-communicable diseases, including various cancer types. Moreover, during chemotherapy many miRNAs were linked to multidrug resistance, via modulating numerous biological processes and/or pathways that will be highlighted as well.
Spraying of dsRNA Molecules Derived from Phytophthora Infestans, as a Plant Protection Strategies for the Management of Potato Late Blight
Authors: S. Sundaresha , Sharma Sanjeev , Bairwa Aarti , Tomar Maharishi , Kumar Ravinder , Bhardwaj Vinay , A Jeevalatha , Bakade Rahul , Salaria Neha , Thakur Kajal , Singh Bir Pal , S.K Chakrabarti
Published: February 2021

Phytophthora. infestans is a well known late blight causing oomycetes pathogen. It evolves and adapts to the host background and new fungicide molecules rapidly within a few years of their release, may be due to the predominance of transposable elements in its genome. Frequent and huge applications of fungicides cause environmental concerns. Here we developed target specific RNA interference based molecules, that are capable of effectively reducing the late blight infection. cDNA microarray expression data was used for the selection of genes involved in the early stage of infection process, sporulation etc. The in vitro synthesis of double stranded RNA molecule, targeting SDH, EF-1α, GPI-HAM344, PLD-3 and HSP-90 encoding genes revealed the reduction in growth, sporulation and symptom expression, which were subsequently assessed by culture bioassay, detached leaf assay and topical application methods. The multiple genes targeted dsRNA nano clay sprayed plants showed enhanced disease resistance (4% disease severity) and least sporulation (<1x103), compared to naked dsRNA spray. Use of nano clay was assumed to be involved in the effective delivery, protection and boosting the action of RNAi in potato plants. A significant difference in the growth, sporulation count, disease severity and reduced expression of the genes and confocal microscopy imaging authenticates the effects of SIGS on late blight disease progression. Our research demonstrated that topical dsRNA nano clay spray under the open-air environment could be an alternative to chemical fungicides and transgenic approaches as a novel plant protection strategy for late blight in an environmentally friendly manner.
Surgery-First Maxillomandibular Advancement for Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Post-Operative Sequential Clear Aligner Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Sun Ho-Hyun (Brian)
Published: February 2021

Maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) is a surgical intervention that reduces the symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea via anterior repositioning of the upper and lower jaws. Pre-operative orthodontic alignment is often a critical component in aiding MMA. Orthodontia are important in intraoperative anchorage for intermaxillary fixation, healthy post-operative occlusion, and post-operative skeletal stability. Sequential clear aligners (SCA) refer to removable orthodontic appliances that are replaced at regular intervals to stimulate dental migration without the use of bonded hardware. These aligners have demonstrated efficacy in aiding orthognathic surgery for dentofacial deformities, which share some technical similarities with MMA for OSA. Here, we explore the treatment protocol for MMA followed by post-operative SCA treatment. Our experiences show that post-operative orthodontic treatment with SCAs results in similarly successful post-operative surgical outcomes given that the patient’s pre-operative occlusion is stable.
Knowledge of Safe Abortion Care Services and Associated Factors Among Women of Reproductive Age Working at Non-Health Sector Public Institutions in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Sendo endalew , Bulti Fekadu , Gela Debela , deressa jembere , Dinagde Negalign
Published: February 2021

Background: Health-related knowledge is among the essential factors to enable women to be aware of their rights to seek health services. However, little is known about knowledge of safe abortion care services among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia. The main purpose of the study was to assess knowledge of safe abortion care services and associated factors among women of reproductive age in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April-June 2019 among 432 respondents. Bivariate statistics including correlation coefficients, student t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and linear regressions, and multiple linear regression analyses were used. A significant statistical test was determined at a 95% confidence interval and p-value <0.05. Results: About 65.5% had heard about safe abortion care services; media being the main source of information for 79.5%. The finding from an independent-sample t-test shows that the place where the respondents grew up (p< 0.006), history of past miscarriage, and previous information of abortion care service were significantly associated with the knowledge about safe abortion care services (p< 0.001). Conclusions: Women without prior health experiences and those with rural origin could be targeted for reproductive health information interventions including safe abortion care provision.
Post Stroke Depression to be Expected
Authors: Wijeratne Tissa , Sales Carmela
Published: February 2021

Ischemic Stroke precedes depression . Post Stroke Depression (PSD) is a major driver for poor recovery, negative quality of life, poor rehabilitation outcomes and poor functional ability. This systematic reviews confirmed the post stroke depression as the norm as complex ischemic cascade involve the bioenergetic failure, deranged iron homeostasis ( calcium influx, Na influx, potassium efflux etc) excitotoxicity, acidotoxicity,disruption of the blood brain barrier, cytokine mediated cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen mediated toxicity , activation of cyclooxygenase pathway and generation of toxic products, infiltration of immune mediated cells resulting the cell death and deranged neuronal networks in mood related brain regions. This review focus on the pathobiology of stroke in the context and make the argument that PSD is the norm after a stroke rather than the exception.
The Use of Halophytic Companion Plant (Portulaca oleracea L.) on Some Growth, Fruit, and Biochemical Parameters of Strawberry Plants Under Salt Stress
Authors: Karakas Sema , Bolat Ibrahim , Dikilitas Murat
Published: February 2021

Strawberry is a saline sensitive plant adversely affected under slightly or moderately saline conditions. Growth and biochemical parameters of strawberry plants grown under NaCl (0-, 30-, 60-, and 90 mmol L-1) conditions with or without a halophytic companion plant (Portulaca oleracea L.) were investigated in a pot experiment. Salt stress negatively affected the growth, physiological (stomatal conductance, electrolyte leakage, total soluble solids) and biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll contents (chl-a and chl-b), proline, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, catalase, and peroxidase enzyme activities, lycopene, vitamin C contents along with the mineral uptake of strawberry plants. The companionship of P. oleacea increased fresh weight, dry weight, and fruit average weight and total fruit yield of strawberry plants along with the improvement of physiological and biochemical parameters. This study showed that cultivating of P. oleracea with strawberry plants under salt stress conditions effectively increased strawberry fruit yield and quality. We, therefore, that approaches towards the use of P. oleracea could be an environmentally friendly method that should be commonly practised where salinity is of great concern.
Sintering of Mg and its Alloys under Hydrogen Atmospheres
Authors: Schaper Johannes
Published: February 2021

Ongoing investigations have highlighted that MIM of Mg shows high potential for mass production of small lightweight components as well as of degradable implants with complex geometry. However, prior research activities have shown that Mg reacts sensitively to atmosphere impurities like oxygen and specific thermal decomposition products of the used backbone polymers. Polyethylene based polymers reveal a negative influence on sintering of Mg while polypropylene based polymers behave uncritically. This work is highlighting that when hydrogen instead of argon atmosphere is used during sintering, the negative influence caused by carbon residuals at the particle boundaries can be prevented. Mg-0.9Ca elongation increased with a slight decrease in UTS revealing a strengthening effect of the carbon residuals at the particle boundaries. For pure Mg UTS could be increased from 7 MPa up to 80 MPa with elongation of 6% showing the positive effect of hydrogen on the sintering of Mg.
Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Proteins in End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Al-Hakeim Hussein , Asad Halah , Maes Michael
Published: February 2021

Background. Wnt-pathway proteins play a vital role in kidney development and defects in the Wnt-pathway are associated with kidney disorders. However, the knowledge on the role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway proteins in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is limited.Aim of the study. To delineate the association of ESRD and Wnt-proteins including the agonistR-spondin 1, the transducer β-catenin and the antagonists Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) and sclerostin.Methods. Serum Wnt-pathway proteins levels were measured by ELISA, while other biochemicals were measured spectrophotometrically in 60 ESRD patients and 30 normal controls.Results. DKK1 and sclerostin were significantly higher in ESRD than in controls, and β-catenin and the catenin + R-Sponin-1 / DKK1 + sclerostin ratio, reflecting the ratio of agonist and transducer on antagonists (AT/ANTA), were significantly lower in ESRD. Logistic regression analysis showed that ESRD was significantly predicted by increased levels of DDK1 and sclerostin and lowered β-catenin (p<0.001). eGFR was significantly associated with DKK1 and sclerostin (inversely), β-catenin (positively) and the AT/ANTA ratio (r=0.468, p<0.001). DKK1 levels were significantly and positively correlated with urea, creatinine, and copper. DKK1 and sclerostin were inversely associated with hemoglobin and packet cell volume. Catenin was significantly negatively associated with copper, urea and creatinine.Conclusion. Wnt/β-catenin pathway proteins show significant alterations in ESRD, indicating significantly increased levels of antagonists and, therefore, attenuated Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity. The latter is associated with lowered eGFR and increased serum copper levels. Wnt/β-catenin pathway proteins are possible drug targets to treat ESRD or its consequences.
Comparison of Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Device and Compression Stockings for Workers with Leg Edema and Pain after Prolonged Standing
Authors: Kim Da-Sol , Won Yu Hui , Ko Myoung-Hwan
Published: February 2021

During prolonged standing, insufficient calf muscle pumping accompanies venous stasis and hypertension in the lower legs, resulting in valve dysfunction, venous wall problems, and subsequent inflammation. Compression therapy, which includes medical compression stockings (MCS) and mechanical intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC), is one of the most effective therapeutic interventions for treating chronic venous diseases. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of IPC and MCS, and the optimal protocol of compression therapy for chronic venous disease. This crossover trial was conducted for healthy, long standing workers (>8 h daily) with leg edema and pain. Four groups were established for each visit: group A (resting after work without MCS), group B (resting after work with MCS), group C (IPC after work without MCS), and group D (IPC after work with MCS). The primary outcome was the visual analogue scale (VAS) score for leg pain. The secondary outcomes were leg volume (mL), circumference (cm), extracellular fluid/total body fluid (ECF/TBF), and extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW) through bioimpedance analysis. Outcomes were assessed before work (T0), after work (T1), and 60 minutes after intervention (T2). We included 39 healthy volunteers, aged 30.03±7.56 years. All four groups had significantly increased leg pain after work (T0-1) but improved 60 minutes after intervention (T1-2), particularly group C (decreased VAS by 1.9). When leg swelling was compared at T0 and T1, groups A and C showed significant increases in leg volume and circumference, indicating significant work-induced edema, whereas groups B and D showed no change or even a decrease. After interventions, leg volume and circumference significantly decreased in groups A and C, although groups B and C did not show significant improvement. The ECF/TBF and ECW/TBW of all groups decreased after interventions. Leg pain and edema after prolonged standing in healthy adults were safely and effectively improved by IPC. Although MCS also reduced leg edema immediately after work, it did not show significant improvement in leg pain at T0-1–and T1-2, nor in swelling at T1-2.
Molecular Characterization of Three B-1,4-Endoglucanase Genes in Pratylenchus loosi and Functional Analysis of Pl-eng-2 Gene
Authors: Mirghasemi Negin , Fanelli Elena , Jamali Salar , Sohani Mohammed Mehdi , De Luca Francesca
Published: February 2021

Pratylenchus loosi is an important root-lesion nematode that cause damage to tea plantations in Iran and all over the world. The present study reports on the characterization and evolution of three ß-1,4-engoglucanase genes Pl-eng-2, Pl-eng-3 and Pl-eng-4. The gene structure of Pl-eng-2 was fully determined with the predicted signal peptide and devoid of the linker domain and carbohydrate-binding domain, while Pl-eng-3 and Pl-eng-4 were only partially sequenced. The transcription of Pl-eng-2 was localized in the secretory esophageal glands of all life stages, but it was upregulated in male and females stages. Exon/intron structures of Pl-eng-2, Pl-eng-3 and Pl-eng-4 confirmed that they resulted from gene duplication followed by sequence and gene structure diversification with loss of linker domain and carbohydrate-binding domain during evolution. Phylogenetic analysis further confirmed that nematode endoglucanases resulted from horizontal gene transfer of a bacterial gene as Pl-eng-3 showed sister relationships with CelB cellulase of Bacillus subtilis. Silencing Pl-eng-2 by in vitro RNA interference, produced a 60% decrease of the transcript level. The reproductive ability of silenced P. loosi showed a 35% reduction of eggs and larval stages compared to untreated nematodes suggesting that this gene is involved in the early steps of invasion.
IMPACT OF ROWING TRAINING ON QUALITY OF LIFE AND PERCEIVED HEALTH IN FEMALE BREAST CANCER SURVIVORS
Authors: Gavala-González Juan , Torres-Pérez Amanda , Fernández-García José Carlos
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study was to determine whether a rowing training program improved the quantity and quality of physical activity and quality of life in female breast cancer survivors (stage I - 4.35%; II - 30.43%; III - 52.17%; and IV - 8.7%) diagnosed 6.57 ± 5.02 years previously, who had undergone a subsequent intervention (preservation 53.52%; total mastectomy 39.13% and double mastectomy 4.35%) and had a current mean age of 53.70 ± 7.88 years. The participants (N = 30) engaged in a 12-week training program, each week comprising three sessions and each session lasting 60-90 minutes. An anthropometric evaluation was performed before and after the program. The short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF) and the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) were also administered. The results showed statistically significant improvements in levels of physical activity and in the dimensions of quality of life. We can conclude that a 12-week rowing training program tailored to women who have had breast cancer increases physical activity levels, leading to improved health status and quality of life.
Methanolic Extract of Maytenus Procumbens Roots Ameliorates Erectile Dysfunction in Fructose-Streptozotocin Induced Type 2 Diabetic in Rats
Authors: Cele Nkosinathi , Mabhida Sihle Ephraim , Nyawo Thembeka , Ziqubu Khanyisani , Mazibuko-Mbeje Sthandiwe , Rehamang Mosa , Opoku Andy
Published: February 2021

Erectile dysfunction (ED) due to diabetes mellitus remains difficult to treat despite advances in pharmacotherapeutic approaches in the field. Therefore, this study investigated the erectogenic effect of the methanolic extract of Maytenus procumbens roots on type 2 diabetes in rats. The fructose-streptozotocin model was used to induce type 2 diabetes-linked ED in male rats. The sexually active male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two major groups; normal group and high fructose fed group for 120 days. After 120 days, the high fructose fed group rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of a freshly prepared streptozotocin solution (30 mg/kg). The diabetic ED rats were orally administered with the extract at 250 mg/kg, daily for 28 days. The serum, brain and penile tissues were removed for biochemical analysis and protein expression. Increased testosterone level, mounting frequency, reduced blood glucose level and serum fructosamine content was observed after 28 days of treatment in diabetic rats. Methanolic extract also exhibited an inhibitory effect on arginase, AChE, and ACE activities. The crude extract further downregulated proteins PDE-5, RhoA and increased expression of eNOS in the diabetic ED treated rats. The results obtained indicate that the methanolic extract of Maytenus procumbens roots ameliorates erectile dysfunction in type 2 diabetes-induced erectile dysfunction in rats.
Peculiarities of Micro-Mechanical Behavior of 3D-Printed Aluminium Alloy: In Situ SEM Study
Authors: Statnik Eugene S. , Nyaza Kirill V. , Salimon Alexey I. , Ryabov Dmitry , Korsunsky Alexander M.
Published: February 2021

3D-printed aluminium alloy fabrications made by selective laser melting (SLM) offer a promising route for the production of small series of custom-designed heat exchangers with complex geometry and shape and miniature size. Alloy composition and printing parameters need to be optimized to mitigate fabrication defects (pores and microcracks) and enhance the part performance. The deformation response needs to be studied with adequate characterization techniques at relevant dimensional scale capturing the peculiarities of micro-mechanical behavior relevant to the particular article and specimen dimensions. Purposefully designed Al-Si-Mg 3D-printable RS-333 alloy was investigated with a number of microscopy techniques including in situ mechanical testing with a Deben Microtest 1 kN stage integrated and synchronized with Tescan Vega3 SEM to acquire high resolution image datasets for Digital Image Correlation (DIC) analysis. Dog bone specimens were 3D-printed in different orientation of gauge zone cross-section with respect to the fast laser beam scanning and growth directions. This corresponds to varying local conditions of metal solidification and cooling. Specimens show variation in mechanical properties, namely, Young’s modulus (65…78 GPa), yield stress (80–150 MPa), ultimate tensile strength (115–225 MPa) and elongation at break (0,75–1,4 %). Furthermore, the failure localization and character was altered with the change of gauge cross-section orientation. DIC analysis allowed correct strain evaluation that overcame the load frame compliance effect and helped to identify the unevenness of deformation distribution (plasticity waves) that ultimately resulted in exceptionally high strain localization near the ultimate failure crack position.
Field Information Modeling (FIM)™: Best Practices using Point Clouds
Authors: Maalek Reza
Published: February 2021

This study presents established methods, along with new algorithmic developments, to automate the point cloud processing within the Field Information Modeling (FIM)™ framework. More specifically, given an n-D designed information model, and the point cloud’s spatial uncertainty, the problem of automatic assignment of the point clouds to their corresponding elements within the designed model is considered. The methods addressed two classes of field conditions, namely, (i) negligible construction errors; and (ii) existence of construction errors. The emphasis was given to describing and defining the assumptions in each method and shed light on some of their potentials and limitations in practical settings. Considering the shortcomings of current point cloud processing frameworks, three new and generic algorithms were developed to help solve the point cloud to model assignment in field conditions with both negligible, and existence (or speculation) of construction errors. The effectiveness of the new methods was demonstrated in real-world point clouds, acquired from construction projects, with promising results.
Voluntary Wheel Running Did Not Alter Gene Expression in 5xFAD Mice, but in Wild-Type Animals Exclusively After One-Day Exercise Bout
Authors: Wierczeiko Anna , Gammel Lena , Radyushkin Konstantin , Nguyen Vu Thu Thuy , Todorov Hristo , Gerber Susanne , Endres Kristina
Published: February 2021

Physical activity is considered a promising preventive intervention to reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the positive effect of exercise therapy has not been proven conclusively yet, likely due to confounding factors such as varying activity regimens and life or disease stages. To examine the impact of different routines of physical exercise in the early disease stages, we subjected young 5xFAD and wild-type mice to 1-day (acute) and 30-day (chronic) voluntary wheel running and compared them with age-matched sedentary controls. We observed a significant increase in brain lactate levels in acutely trained 5xFAD mice relative to all other experimental groups. Subsequent brain RNA-seq analysis did not reveal major differences in transcriptomic regulation between training durations in 5xFAD mice. In contrast, acute training yielded substantial gene expression changes in wild-type animals relative to their chronically trained and sedentary counterparts. The comparison of 5xFAD and wild-type mice showed the highest transcriptional differences in the chronic and sedentary groups, whereas acute training was associated with much fewer differentially expressed genes. In conclusion, our results suggest that different training durations did not affect the global transcriptome of 3-month-old 5xFAD mice, whereas acute running seemed to induce a similar transcriptional stress state in wild-type animals as already known for 5xFAD mice.
Nisin Synthesis, Relationship with the Growth of the Producing Strain, Culture pH and Nitrogen Consumption
Authors: Costas-Malvido Mónica , Astray Gonzalo , Mejuto Juan Carlos , Bendaña-Jácome Ricardo J. , Pérez-Guerra Nelson
Published: February 2021

Nisin, an antibacterial compound produced by Lactococcus lactis strains, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to be used as a safe food additive to control the growth of undesirable pathogenic bacteria. Nisin is commonly described as a pH-dependent primary metabolite, since its production depends on growth and culture pH evolution. However, the relationship between bacteriocin synthesis and the consumption of the limiting nutrient has not been described until now. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a competitive four-dimensional Lotka Volterra-like equation to describe the relationships between culture pH, limiting nutrient (total nitrogen: TN) consumption and production of biomass (X) and nisin (BT) in four series of batch fermentation with L. lactis CECT 539 in diluted whey (DW)-based media. The developed four-dimensional LV-like equation (with a unique set of parameters) could not be used to describe all cultures belonging to each fermentation series. However, the four-dimensional LV-like equation described accurately each individual culture, providing a good description of the relationships between pH, TN, X and BT, higher values for R2 and F-ratios, lower values (< 10%) for the mean relative percentage deviation modulus, with bias and accuracy factor values approximately equal to one.
The Impact of New Ways of Working on Organizations and Employees: A Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Renard Karine , Cornu Frederic , Emery Yves , Giauque David
Published: February 2021

A new research stream emerged in the 2000s dedicated to flexible work arrangements in public and private organizations, called “new ways of working” (NWW). This article aims to examine NWW from both a theoretical and empirical perspective, focusing on outcomes of this new concept and the debate between “mutual gains” vs. “conflicting outcomes.” Through a literature review, it examines this research field’s innovation and its rather vague theoretical foundations. Findings demonstrate that NWW definitions are diverse and somewhat imprecise, leading to fragmented research designs and findings; the research stream’s theoretical foundations should be better addressed. Findings also highlight the current lack of empirical data, which therefore does not allow any real conclusions on NWW’s effects on employees’ and organizations’ well-being and performance.
Digital educational environment as a factor of military professional training of future officers
Authors: Sergeeva Marina Georgiyevna , Korobov Alexey Sergeevich , Lukin Vladislav Borisovich , Paramonov Egor Victorovich , Zaitsev Alexander Olegovich
Published: February 2021

The safety and comfort of the digital educational environment in the professional training of future officers are interdependent parameters determining the psychological impact on both individuals and groups. For the development of a safe and comfortable educational environment, it is required to determine how the educational environment affects the personality, as well as how the personality determines the educational environment in higher education. The educational environment is a combination of material factors, interpersonal relations and specially organized psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of a personality. The essence of the educational environment is represented as the interaction of its subsystems (local educational environments) and the creation of sustainable structure characteristic of a particular educational institution or educational system as a whole, which, on the one hand, influence the subjects of the educational environment, and on the other, are formed by them. The development of the educational environment is determined by both structural changes, such as changes in concepts, regulations and management, and personal changes in the participants of the educational process, in particular teachers and students. In practice, the educational environment consists of many local educational environments, which coexist, influencing each other.
Rancang Bangun Alat Monitoring Dan Penanganan Kualitas Ait Pada Akuarium Ikan Hias Berbasis Internet Of Things (IOT)
Authors: Putra Asmara Riyan Kharisma
Published: February 2021

Ikan hias adalah salah satu ikan yang memiliki nilai jual yang tinggi dan yang menentukan nilai jual ikan hias itu sendiri bedasarkan bentuk dan kualitas warnanya, aspek yang memenuhi warna pada ikan hias antara lain adalah tingkat kualitas air. Ikan hias banyak dipelihara pada akuarium terbuka karena itu banyak kendala yang dialami oleh para pemelihara ikan hias. Maka mengusahakan sebua alat untuk memonitoring kondisi air dengan penangananya, dengan menggunakan IOT sebagai salah satu alternatif yang menguntungkan karena menampilkan data secara real time terkoneksi dengan internet. Menggunakan sensor Ph meter sebagai pembaca kadar Ph, sensor suhu DS18B20 sebagai pebacaan suhu dalam air dan sensor TDS sebagai sensor pembacaan kadar salinitas pada air. menggunakan mikrokontroler NodeMCU ESP8266 untuk mengaksi data yang direspon oleh sensor – sensor tersebut. Data yang telah didapat dari sensor akan diaksi oleh NodeMCU dan diteruskan melalui IOT untuk dikirimkan ke server dan diteruskan ke user (telegram) secara otomatis. Telegram juga dapat mengakses data sensor secara manual dengan cara mengirim pesan text tertentu yang telah dimasukan kedalam program. Saat kodisi air tidak sesuai dengan konsdisinormal dan datanya kurang atau lebih dari data air normal yang dimasukan maka akan muncul notifikasi otomatis dan akan dilakukan penanganan secara otomatis. Kata kunci: NodeMCU ESP8266, Sensor DS18B20, Sensor Ph Meter, Sensor TDS, Telegram. (Kosong satu spasi)
Bioinformatics analysis to screen and identify key biomarkers of papillary renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Xu Yingying , Chunbo Zou
Published: February 2021

Background: Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is the second most common type of renal cell carcinoma after clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC). Its pathological classification is controversial and its molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Therefore, the identification of key genes and their biological pathways is of great significance to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of PRCC occurrence and progression. Methods:Downloaded PRCC-related datasets GSE7023, GSE48352 and GSE15641 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differential expression genes (DEG) were identified and gene ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed. Cytoscape and STRING are used to construct the Protein-Protein Interaction Network (PPI) and module analysis to find hub genes and key pathways. Hierarchical clustering of hub genes was constructed using UCSC. Overall survival and relapse-free survival of Hub genes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier plotter. UALCAN was applied to analyze genes expression in primary organizations, different stages ,different subtypes and races.Results: A total of 214 DEG genes were identified, including 205 down-regulated genes and 9 up-regulated genes. DEG is mainly concentrated in angiogenesis, kidney development, oxidation-reduction process, metabolic pathways, etc. 17 hub gene enrichment mainly in angiogenesis, cell adhesion, platelet degranulation, Leukocyte transendothelial migration biological processes, etc. 17 hub genes were screened out, which were mainly enriched in the biological processes of angiogenesis, cell adhesion, platelet degranulation, and leukocyte transendothelial migration. Survival analysis showed that EGF, KDR, CXCL12, REN, PECAM1, CDH5, THY1, WT1, PLAU and DCN may be related to the carcinogenesis, metastasis or recurrence of PRCC. Conclusions: DEG and hub genes identified in present study provide clues to the specific molecular mechanisms of PRCC occurrence and development, and may be potential molecular markers and therapeutic targets for accurate classification and efficient diagnosis and treatment of PRCC.
Socioeconomic differentials in trends in the prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension and hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in rural Southwestern China
Authors: Fan Luming , Wang Fang , Zhao Min , Cui Wen-Long , Cai Le
Published: February 2021

Background: This study examines the socioeconomic differentials in trends in the prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension and hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in rural Southwestern China.Methods: Two cross-sectional interviews and health examination surveys were administered in rural Yunnan Province, including 6,350 consenting participants in 2009 and 6,359 consenting participants in 2016 (aged ≥ 35 years). Participant demographics, socioeconomic status (SES), and ethnicity, along with information about hypertension awareness, treatment, and control, were collected using similar questionnaires in the two surveys. The participants’ blood pressure levels were also measured.Results: From 2009 to 2016, the prevalence of hypertension substantially increased from 28.4% to 39.5% (P < 0.01), and awareness and control rose from 42.2 and 25.8% to 53.1 (P < 0.01) and 30.6% (P < 0.05), respectively. Although people with a higher education level also had higher awareness and control rates than the lower education level ones, there were no conspicuous differences in the improvement of awareness and control between publics with different education levels over the 7 years studied. Increases were observed in both rates of awareness and control in people with a high level of income (P < 0.01). However, only the awareness rate increased in participants with a low level of income. Furthermore, the prevalence (P < 0.01) and treatment (P < 0.05) of hypertension were higher in the Han people than in ethnic minorities.Conclusions: Individual SES has clear associations with trends in the prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension. Future interventions to improve hypertension prevention and control should be tailored to address individual SES.
Factors associated with decision making power of women to use family planning among married women in sub-Saharan Africa: A multilevel analysis of demographic health surveys
Authors: Demissie Getu Debalkie , Akalu Yonas , Gelagay Abebaw Addis , Alemnew Wallelign , Yeshaw Yigizie
Published: February 2021

Background: In sub-Saharan Africa there are several socio-economic and cultural factors which affect women’s ability to make decision regarding their own health including contraceptive usage. The main aim of this study was to determine factors associated with decision making power of women to use family planning in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods: The appended, most recent demographic and health survey datasets of 35 sub-Saharan countries were used. A total weighted sample of 83,882 women were included in the study. Both bivariable and multivariable multilevel logistic regression were done to determine the associated factors of decision making power of women to use family planning in SSA. The Odds Ratio (OR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was calculated for those potential variables included in the final model. Results: Those married women with primary education (AOR=1.24; CI:1.16,1.32),secondary education (AOR=1.31; CI:1.22,1.41), higher education (AOR=1.36; CI:1.20,1.53),media exposure(AOR=1.08; CI: 1.03, 1.13), currently working (AOR=1.27; CI: 1.20, 1.33), antenatal care visit of 1-3 (AOR=1.12; CI:1.05,1.20) and ≥ 4 ANC visit (AOR=1.14;CI:1.07,1.21), women who were informed about family planning (AOR=1.09; CI: 1.04, 1.15), women who had less than 3 children(AOR=1.12; CI: 1.02, 1.23) and 3-5 children (AOR=1.08; CI: 1.01, 1.16) had higher odds of decision making power to use family planning than their counter parts. Besides, mothers with age of 15-19 (AOR=0.61; CI: 0.52, 0.72), 20-24 (AOR= 0.69; CI: 0.60, 0.79), 25-29 (AOR=0.74; CI: 0.66, 0.84), and 30-34 years (AOR=0.82; CI: 0.73, 0.92) had reduced chance of decision making power of women to use family planning. Conclusion: Age, women’s level of education, occupation of women and their husband, wealth index, media exposure, ANC visit, fertility preference, husband’s desire number of children, region and information about family planning were factors associated with decision making power to use family planning among married women.
Authentication of IoT Device and IoT Server Using Security Key
Authors: Alnahari Wael
Published: February 2021

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging topic in the field of information technology (IT) that has attracted the interest of researchers from different parts of the world. Authentication of IoT includes the establishment of a model for controlling access to IoT devices through the internet and other unsecured network platforms. Strong authentication of IoT is necessary for ensuring that machines and devices could be trusted when it comes to data sharing. The whole idea of authentication further prevents cybercriminals from using loopholes in IoT devices to access data that they are not allowed to access. Various authentication techniques could be used to secure IoT servers and devices. Establishing mutual authentication between IoT servers and IoT devices has attracted a lot of research interests because it helps enhance the effectiveness and overall security of data sharing. Therefore, this research provides the basis for analyzing the whole idea of using security keys to encrypt both IoT servers and IoT devices.
An Exploration of Fractal Based Prognostic Model and Comparative Analysis for Second Wave of COVID-19 Diffusion
Authors: D. Easwaramoorthy , A. Gowrisankar , A. Manimaran , S. Nandhini , Banerjee Santo , Rondoni Lamberto
Published: February 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has fatalized 216 countries across the world and has claimed the lives of millions of people globally. Researches are being carried out worldwide by scientists to understand the nature of this catastrophic virus and find a potential vaccine for it. The most possible efforts have been taken to present this paper as a form of contribution to the understanding of this lethal virus in the first and second wave. This paper presents a unique technique for the methodical comparison of disastrous virus dissemination in two waves amid five most infested countries and the death rate of the virus in order to attain a clear view on the behaviour of the spread of the disease. For this study, the dataset of the number of deaths per day and the number of infected cases per day of the most affected countries, The United States of America, Brazil, Russia, India, and The United Kingdom have been considered in first and second wave. The correlation fractal dimension has been estimated for the prescribed datasets of COVID-19 and the rate of death has been compared based on the correlation fractal dimension estimate curve. The statistical tool, analysis of variance has also been used to support the performance of the proposed method. Further, the prediction of the daily death rate has been demonstrated through the autoregressive moving average model. In addition, this study also emphasis a feasible reconstruction of the death rate based on the fractal interpolation function. Subsequently, the normal probability plot is portrayed for the original data and the predicted data, derived through the fractal interpolation function to estimate the accuracy of the prediction. Finally, this paper neatly summarized with the comparison and prediction of epidemic curve of the first and second waves of COVID-19 pandemic to picturize the transmission rate in the both times.