bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The main results of monitoring the power of the active layer at CALM sites of the Nadymsky object
Authors: Gravis A. G. , Ustinova E. V. V. , Ponomareva O. Е. , Drozdov D. S. , Berdnikov N. M. , Golubkova Ya. A.
Published: April 2024

Monitoring of the thickness of the active layer within the lake-marsh type of terrain in the northern taiga was carried out at three sites organized in 1997, 2013 and 2022. In these areas, two types of tracts are distinguished: frozen peat bogs and swampy runoff hollows with a lowered roof of permafrost (the cross-section of the sites is the same type, the only difference is in the thickness of the peat). The work methodology complied with the unified protocol of the international CALM program. Additionally, the surface settlement was assessed (based on leveling from a local benchmark), geophysical studies were carried out and the temperature of the active layer rocks was measured at different gullies. In swampy runoff hollows, hollows with open water and on specific mineral spots within peat bogs, the depth of the permafrost roof is 3–10 m. At the boundaries of peat bogs and in swampy runoff hollows, the thawing depth exceeds 2 m, and on peat bogs it varies from 0.8 to 1.6 m depending on the thickness of the organic layer and the condition of the ground cover. On peatlands with an organic layer more than 1 m thick and a continuous ground cover, the depth of the seasonal thawing layer in some places does not exceed 0.4 m. These peatlands respond poorly to climate change. The depth of the permafrost roof within thin peat bogs (less than 0.5 m of peat) with oppressed vegetation cover is currently more than 2 m, marking the beginning of the replacement of the seasonally thawed layer with seasonally frozen and the formation of areas with a lowered permafrost roof. Monitoring of soil temperatures in such areas has showed that a random combination of climatic factors in individual years can lead to short-term (two years) new formation of permafrost or the merging of seasonal permafrost with permafrost. Thus, the formation of non-merging permafrost is of a reciprocating nature.
Geoelectric model of the exposure of basement rocks to the surface in the Uimon depression of Gorny Altay based on three-dimensional numerical modeling
Authors: Kuzina Z. Ya. , Nevedrova N. N. , Sanchaa А. M.
Published: April 2024

In the western part of the Uimon depression of the Altai Mountains, during the 2023 field season, additional measurements were carried out using electrical tomography along three profiles to clarify the structure of the area with basement rocks exposed to the surface. During the study, the results of three-dimensional inversion were obtained taking into account new electrical tomography data, and a refined geoelectric model of the study area was constructed. To verify the resulting model, 2D and 3D numerical modeling was performed with the help of which the geometric dimensions and electrical resistivity of bedrock outcrops were justified. The influence of the daytime surface topography on geoelectric sections in mountainous regions with significant differences in elevation on the earth's surface has been shown. Determining the structure of the depressions is necessary to understand the stages of neotectonic formation of the Uimon depression and the entire region, as well as to assess the seismic hazard of the Altai Mountains. In the course of further research, it is possible to trace the object to a greater depth (~100 m) using a three-electrode electrical tomography installation or alternative equipment with an increased size of the measuring-generator cable.
Design constraints for Unruh-DeWitt quantum computers
Authors: Aspling Eric W. , Marohn John A. , Lawler Michael J.
Published: April 2024

The Unruh-DeWitt particle detector model has found success in demonstrating quantum information channels with non-zero channel capacity between qubits and quantum fields. These detector models provide the necessary framework for experimentally realizable Unruh-DeWitt quantum computers with near-perfect channel capacity. We propose spin-qubits with gate-controlled coupling to Luttinger liquids as a laboratory setting for Unruh-DeWitt detectors and explore general design constraints that underpin their feasibility in this and other settings. We present several experimental scenarios including graphene ribbons, edges states in the quantum spin Hall phase of HgTe quantum wells, and the recently discovered quantum anomalous Hall phase in transition metal dichalcogenides. Theoretically, through bosonization, we show that Unruh-DeWitt detectors can carry out quantum computations and identify when they can make perfect quantum communication channels between qubits via the Luttinger liquid. Our results point the way toward an all-to-all connected solid state quantum computer and the experimental study of quantum information in quantum fields via condensed matter physics.
Optimisation of Water-Use in Pulp and Paper Mills: A Streamlined Review of Scientific Journal Publications
Authors: Ocklind Felicia , Liback Kristin , Lundqvist Lova , Harge Wilma , Venkatesh G
Published: April 2024

The water-, and energy footprints of the processes in the pulp and paper industry are sizable enough to warrant investment of money and commitment of time truncate the same. Besides, there is also a nexus between water and energy here, with optimisation of the use of one of these resoruces enabling that of the other too. This streamlined review focuses on journal publications (originating from different parts of the world, and targeted at researchers and decision-makers in the industry) which train the lens on the optimisation of water use in this particular sector of the (forestry) bioeconomy. The synergies and complementarities which exist among different sustainable development goals (SDGs) , promise positive ripple effects, caused by attending to the truncation of the water footprint. The articles, in general, recommend effective in-plant wastewater treatment in combinaton with recirculating the treated effluent, and looking upon the water streams as carriers or bearers of valorisable substances – organics which can yield a host of bio-products in bio-refineries, including bio-energy. Availing of water-pinch analysis as a tool to uncover possibilities of water use in a cascade (depending upon the requirements imposed on the water, by processes downstream in the cascade), has been shown to aid in the optimisation of both water use and energy demand within the plant. One case study, for example, showed that the demand for steam can be decreased by about 4 GJ per ton of output, by recovering the waste heat in the water streams.
Aspectos biométricos de frutos e sementes de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell) Morong provenientes do semiárido paraibano
Authors: Silva Kelina Bernardo , Pinto Maria do Socorro de Caldas , Oliveira Moises Dantas de , Lima Danielle  Daísla de
Published: April 2024

No bioma caatinga, estudos sobre a biometria de frutos e sementes são escassos, dificultando o manejo sustentável de espécies florestais. A biometria de frutos e sementes fornece informações para a conservação e a exploração de espécies. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as principais características biométricas de frutos e sementes e peso da espécie Enterolobium contortisiliquum provenientes de Catolé do Rocha (PB). Para avaliar as características biométricas, foram utilizados 100 frutos e 100 sementes, selecionados aleatoriamente. Realizaram-se avaliações do comprimento, largura, espessura e peso de frutos e sementes. As características biométricas foram mensuradas com o auxílio de paquímetro digital e o peso por balança com precisão de 0,001 g. A análise dos frutos exibiu uma alta diversidade das características biométricas, variando de 53,7 a 98,1 mm de comprimento, por 25,9 a 50,5 mm de largura, por 3,0 a 9,9 mm de espessura e peso de 10,0 a 40,5 g. Nas sementes, verificaram-se diferenças quanto ao tamanho, variando de 12,3 a 19,9 mm de comprimento, por 6,84 a 11,77 mm de largura, por 4,03 a 9,88 mm de espessura e peso de 0,2593 a 0,9731 g. Os frutos de E. contortisiliquum mostram grande variação nas dimensões, enquanto as sementes apresentaram menor variação.
Centro de Orientación Psicosocial Educativo como estrategia de retención y permanencia
Authors: Macías Sánchez Juan Guillermo , Vargas Rodríguez Diana Milena
Published: April 2024

Introduction: In the CCAV de Facatativá Virtual Care Community Center of the National Open and Distance University (UNAD), students with difficulties in their academic process have been identified, reflected in low historical average, repetitive loss of courses, long stay at the institution with little progress in their studies making it difficult to complete their professionaltraining; Therefore, the need arises to create a Retention and Permanence strategy that allows support for students from the academic and personal spheres, which is why the Psychosocial Educational Guidance Center (COPE) was created. Objective: Create COPE as a retention and permanence strategy where timely attention is provided regarding the difficulties presented in the development of the educational process of CCAV de Facatativá students. Methodology: Qualitative research, with action research design, protocols, contact formats, semi-structured interviews, field notes and questionnaires were used to collect information. Results: Of the 49 users, 16 % were first-time students who continued their professionalization project with the university; 84 % corresponded to former students, of whom 81 % continued their academic process, and finally, 2 % of users decided to give up their academic training. Conclusions: It contributed to the promotion of personal reflection of users, and the potentialization of their personal resources, favoring the change of thoughts, emotions and/or behaviors in favor ofgreater academic and personal well-being.
Vrijwilligersvervoer voor minder mobiele personen
Authors: Beckers Caroline
Published: April 2024

Je kent vast personen die omwille van ouderdom of een andere oorzaak niet langer zelfstandig kunnen verplaatsen en hierdoor soms geïsoleerd kunnen geraken. Om toch deel te nemen aan de maatschappij zijn ze vaak aangewezen op vrijwilligersvervoer. Maar ook hier botsen we op uitdagingen.
Openbare ruimte door kinderogen
Authors: Fial Anna , van der Zee Egbert
Published: April 2024

De scriptie ‘Hoog, hoger, hoogst!’ – Stimuleren van kinderen tot risicovol buitenspelen won dit jaar de Marc de Smidt scriptieprijs. Eline Ellerbeck biedt een nieuw perspectief op op kinderen en hun beleving van de omgeving. Hoe ziet de ideale speelplek er volgens hen uit?
Plandag 2023: nooit of nu?
Authors: Van den Driessche Jef
Published: April 2024

Op 22 juni 2023 was AGORA naar jaarlijkse traditie aanwezig bij de PlanDag, ditmaal georganiseerd in het Debatpodium Arminius te Rotterdam. De PlanDag biedt een forum voor dialoog en debat over de ontwikkelingen in het vakgebied van ruimtelijke professionals uit Nederland en België. Het thema luidde dit jaar ‘Nooit of nu’.
Vermist: open ruimte
Authors: Demuynck Wander
Published: April 2024

Wie ‘Vlaanderen’ en ‘ruimtelijke ordening’ in dezelfde zin gebruikt, verkondigt ogenschijnlijk een paradox. In Met voorbedachten rade - de sluipmoord op de open ruimte gaan journalist Peter Renard en academici Tom Coppens en Guy Vloebergh op zoek naar de ontwikkelingen in het ruimtelijk ordeningsbeleid die de verrommeling van het Vlaamse landschap in de hand hebben gewerkt.
The Beliefs and Experiences of World Language Teachers in the US
Authors: Wesely Pamela M.
Published: April 2024

This book tells the stories of 15 world language (WL) teachers in the US through rich descriptions of their lived worlds and experiences. It illustrates in detail how teacher beliefs relate to their practices and are mediated and moderated by their learners, institutional demands, equity and access to WL education and other factors.
Scalable Approach to Consumer Wearable Postmarket Surveillance: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Yoo Richard M , Viggiano Ben T , Pundi Krishna N , Fries Jason A , Zahedivash Aydin , Podchiyska Tanya , Din Natasha , Shah Nigam H
Published: April 2024

Background

With the capability to render prediagnoses, consumer wearables have the potential to affect subsequent diagnoses and the level of care in the health care delivery setting. Despite this, postmarket surveillance of consumer wearables has been hindered by the lack of codified terms in electronic health records (EHRs) to capture wearable use.

Objective

We sought to develop a weak supervision–based approach to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of EHR-based postmarket surveillance on consumer wearables that render atrial fibrillation (AF) prediagnoses.

Methods

We applied data programming, where labeling heuristics are expressed as code-based labeling functions, to detect incidents of AF prediagnoses. A labeler model was then derived from the predictions of the labeling functions using the Snorkel framework. The labeler model was applied to clinical notes to probabilistically label them, and the labeled notes were then used as a training set to fine-tune a classifier called Clinical-Longformer. The resulting classifier identified patients with an AF prediagnosis. A retrospective cohort study was conducted, where the baseline characteristics and subsequent care patterns of patients identified by the classifier were compared against those who did not receive a prediagnosis.

Results

The labeler model derived from the labeling functions showed high accuracy (0.92; F1-score=0.77) on the training set. The classifier trained on the probabilistically labeled notes accurately identified patients with an AF prediagnosis (0.95; F1-score=0.83). The cohort study conducted using the constructed system carried enough statistical power to verify the key findings of the Apple Heart Study, which enrolled a much larger number of participants, where patients who received a prediagnosis tended to be older, male, and White with higher CHA2DS2-VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes, stroke, vascular disease, age 65-74 years, sex category) scores (P<.001). We also made a novel discovery that patients with a prediagnosis were more likely to use anticoagulants (525/1037, 50.63% vs 5936/16,560, 35.85%) and have an eventual AF diagnosis (305/1037, 29.41% vs 262/16,560, 1.58%). At the index diagnosis, the existence of a prediagnosis did not distinguish patients based on clinical characteristics, but did correlate with anticoagulant prescription (P=.004 for apixaban and P=.01 for rivaroxaban).

Conclusions

Our work establishes the feasibility and efficacy of an EHR-based surveillance system for consumer wearables that render AF prediagnoses. Further work is necessary to generalize these findings for patient populations at other sites.
Embracing ChatGPT for Medical Education: Exploring Its Impact on Doctors and Medical Students
Authors: Wu Yijun , Zheng Yue , Feng Baijie , Yang Yuqi , Kang Kai , Zhao Ailin
Published: April 2024

ChatGPT (OpenAI), a cutting-edge natural language processing model, holds immense promise for revolutionizing medical education. With its remarkable performance in language-related tasks, ChatGPT offers personalized and efficient learning experiences for medical students and doctors. Through training, it enhances clinical reasoning and decision-making skills, leading to improved case analysis and diagnosis. The model facilitates simulated dialogues, intelligent tutoring, and automated question-answering, enabling the practical application of medical knowledge. However, integrating ChatGPT into medical education raises ethical and legal concerns. Safeguarding patient data and adhering to data protection regulations are critical. Transparent communication with students, physicians, and patients is essential to ensure their understanding of the technology’s purpose and implications, as well as the potential risks and benefits. Maintaining a balance between personalized learning and face-to-face interactions is crucial to avoid hindering critical thinking and communication skills. Despite challenges, ChatGPT offers transformative opportunities. Integrating it with problem-based learning, team-based learning, and case-based learning methodologies can further enhance medical education. With proper regulation and supervision, ChatGPT can contribute to a well-rounded learning environment, nurturing skilled and knowledgeable medical professionals ready to tackle health care challenges. By emphasizing ethical considerations and human-centric approaches, ChatGPT’s potential can be fully harnessed in medical education, benefiting both students and patients alike.
Using ChatGPT in Psychiatry to Design Script Concordance Tests in Undergraduate Medical Education: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Hudon Alexandre , Kiepura Barnabé , Pelletier Myriam , Phan Véronique
Published: April 2024

Background

Undergraduate medical studies represent a wide range of learning opportunities served in the form of various teaching-learning modalities for medical learners. A clinical scenario is frequently used as a modality, followed by multiple-choice and open-ended questions among other learning and teaching methods. As such, script concordance tests (SCTs) can be used to promote a higher level of clinical reasoning. Recent technological developments have made generative artificial intelligence (AI)–based systems such as ChatGPT (OpenAI) available to assist clinician-educators in creating instructional materials.

Objective

The main objective of this project is to explore how SCTs generated by ChatGPT compared to SCTs produced by clinical experts on 3 major elements: the scenario (stem), clinical questions, and expert opinion.

Methods

This mixed method study evaluated 3 ChatGPT-generated SCTs with 3 expert-created SCTs using a predefined framework. Clinician-educators as well as resident doctors in psychiatry involved in undergraduate medical education in Quebec, Canada, evaluated via a web-based survey the 6 SCTs on 3 criteria: the scenario, clinical questions, and expert opinion. They were also asked to describe the strengths and weaknesses of the SCTs.

Results

A total of 102 respondents assessed the SCTs. There were no significant distinctions between the 2 types of SCTs concerning the scenario (P=.84), clinical questions (P=.99), and expert opinion (P=.07), as interpretated by the respondents. Indeed, respondents struggled to differentiate between ChatGPT- and expert-generated SCTs. ChatGPT showcased promise in expediting SCT design, aligning well with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria, albeit with a tendency toward caricatured scenarios and simplistic content.

Conclusions

This study is the first to concentrate on the design of SCTs supported by AI in a period where medicine is changing swiftly and where technologies generated from AI are expanding much faster. This study suggests that ChatGPT can be a valuable tool in creating educational materials, and further validation is essential to ensure educational efficacy and accuracy.
Digital Interventions to Modify Skin Cancer Risk Behaviors in a National Sample of Young Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Heckman Carolyn J , Mitarotondo Anna , Lin Yong , Khavjou Olga , Riley Mary , Manne Sharon L , Yaroch Amy L , Niu Zhaomeng , Glanz Karen
Published: April 2024

Background

Young adults engage in behaviors that place them at risk for skin cancer. Dissemination of digital health promotion interventions via social media is a potentially promising strategy to modify skin cancer risk behaviors by increasing UV radiation (UVR) protection and skin cancer examinations.

Objective

This study aimed to compare 3 digital interventions designed to modify UVR exposure, sun protection, and skin cancer detection behaviors among young adults at moderate to high risk of skin cancer.

Methods

This study was a hybrid type II effectiveness-implementation randomized controlled trial of 2 active interventions, a digital skin cancer risk reduction intervention (UV4.me [basic]) compared with an enhanced version (UV4.me2 [enhanced]), and an electronic pamphlet (e-pamphlet). Intervention effects were assessed over the course of a year among 1369 US young adults recruited primarily via Facebook and Instagram. Enhancements to encourage intervention engagement and behavior change included more comprehensive goal-setting activities, ongoing proactive messaging related to previously established mediators (eg, self-efficacy) of UVR exposure and protection, embedded incentives for module completion, and ongoing news and video updates. Primary outcome effects assessed via linear regression were UVR exposure and sun protection and protection habits. Secondary outcome effects assessed via logistic regression were skin self-exams, physician skin exams, sunscreen use, indoor tanning, and sunburn.

Results

The active interventions increased sun protection (basic: P=.02; enhanced: P<.001) and habitual sun protection (basic: P=.04; enhanced P=.01) compared with the e-pamphlet. The enhanced intervention increased sun protection more than the basic one. Each active intervention increased sunscreen use at the 3-month follow-up (basic: P=.03; enhanced: P=.01) and skin self-exam at 1 year (basic: P=.04; enhanced: P=.004), compared with the e-pamphlet. Other intervention effects and differences between the Basic and Enhanced Intervention effects were nonsignificant.

Conclusions

The active interventions were effective in improving several skin cancer risk and skin cancer prevention behaviors. Compared with the basic intervention, the enhanced intervention added to the improvement in sun protection but not other behaviors. Future analyses will explore intervention engagement (eg, proportion of content reviewed).

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03313492; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03313492
Uncovering social support among users affected by violence on social media: An analysis of violence-related posts and reactions on Reddit (Preprint)
Authors: Li Lifang , Wang 2nd Tao , McManus 3rd Sally , Stewart 4th Robert , Roberts 2nd Angus
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Domestic and other forms of violence are widespread and can cause victims’ distress. Reddit, a popular social media platform, has become a space where victims can share their experiences of violence and seek support from others. However, research is lacking on the type of information shared by victims about their experiences and on how other Reddit users respond to their posts.

OBJECTIVE

To fill the research gap, we aim to use data from seven violence-related subreddits to characterize how violence victims were supported by other users.

METHODS

We (1) identified themes in victims’ posts about violence using BERT models; (2) analyzed the sentiments of posts and their corresponding comments, testing for variations by theme; and (3) examined the types of support users provided in all comments and in negative comments responding to the three most common themes by using Biterm Topic Modelling.

RESULTS

The results show that Reddit provides a platform for victims to share their experiences of violence, and that these can be grouped into eight themes. The most common themes were “Emotional Pain and Communication Struggles in Abusive Relationships”, “Emotional Impact and Coping Strategies in Abusive Relationships” and “Physical Violence and Confrontations in Domestic Settings”. Responses (comments) tended to carry positive or neutral sentiment, and were more likely to provide emotional or informational support than instrumental or appraisal support.

CONCLUSIONS

The results indicate that victims of violence relying on social media platforms like Reddit for support may need additional support from services to meet appraisal needs (information which useful for self-evaluation).
Sustentabilidade no setor público à luz de um Plano de Gestão Ambiental para resíduos sólidos
Authors: Matheus Baccarin Letícia , Montanari de Oliveira Gilmar Antonio
Published: April 2024

O poder público, além de legislar em matéria ambiental, tambémdeve ser exemplo de boas práticas de gestão ambiental. O Governo Federal, por meio do Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA), instituiu a Agenda Ambiental na Administração Pública (A3P), na qual um dos eixos temáticos é a gestão de resíduos sólidos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar atividades geradoras de impactos ambientais envolvendo descarte de resíduos e gerenciá-las por meio de um Plaode Gestão Ambiental (PGA) para resíduos sólidos à luz da gestão de projetos. O estudo de caso foi realizado em um órgão público municipal vinculado à Secretaria de Saúde localizado em Leme (SP), abrangendo a totalidade de seus servidores. O PGA foi embasado nas boas práticas de gestão de projetos do PMBOK® sétima edição e na metodologia de implementação da A3P, além de ter sido utilizado o ciclo “plan, do, check, act” (PDCA) enquanto ferramenta de gestão. Foram levantados três aspectos geradores de impactos ambientais: uso de copos plásticos, descarte inadequado de resíduos e desperdício de papel sulfite. Após a implementação do PGA, verificou-se que a maior resistência encontrada foi em relação à redução do uso do copo plástico. As melhorias decorreram, sobretudo, das alterações físicas feitas no setor e da integração e reforço de medidas educativas de sensibilização dos servidores sobre a relevância das boas práticas de uso e descarte de resíduos. Foram criadas condições favoráveis para mudanças de hábitos consistentes, que foram substanciais para que as melhorias atingidas pudessem se sustentar no longo prazo.
THE IMPORTANCE OF EMPIRICAL METHODS IN LEGAL RESEARCH: THE CASE OF CRIMINOLOGY, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF LAW, AND LAW AS AN ALGORITHM
Authors: Mojašević Aleksandar , Cvetković Predrag , Dimovski Darko
Published: April 2024

This chapter examines the empirical methods applicable in Criminology, Economic Analysis of Law, and the law embodied in the form of algorithms. The first part of the paper explores the empirical research methods used in Criminology. Focusing on the fundamental features of criminological methodology, the chapter elaborates on fundamental and applied research. The second part focuses on interdisciplinary methodology applicable in the field of Economic Analysis of Law (EAL), and examines the accompanying controversies and challenges generated by the development of behavioral research that has fundamentally changed the findings of the EAL. The third part elaborates on the importance of empirical data in the context of law as an algorithm and the “new trichotomy” reflecting the nature of data: text-driven law, data-driven law, and code-driven law. The trichotomy emerges as a result of an attempt to transform legal norms into machine-readable algorithms, as well as to ensure the application of these modalities in the legal context. The authors discuss the importance of empirical methods in law and the “extension” of standard legal methodology.
Exploring Perfectionism and Coping Strategies: A Qualitative Study among Injured Athletes
Authors: K Varsheni.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This qualitative study explores the experiences of injured athletes in relation to perfectionism and coping strategies during the process of injury and recovery. Drawing upon a phenomenological approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of eight injured athletes from various sports background to capture their lived experiences and subjective perspectives. Thematic analysis of the interview data revealed rich insights into the interplay between perfectionism and coping strategies among injured athletes. Results highlighted the pervasive influence of perfectionistic tendencies on athletes' self-evaluation, goal setting, and emotional responses to injury. Coping strategies ranged from adaptive approaches, such as seeking social support to maladaptive responses, including avoidance and self-criticism. The psychological aspects of the athlete's journey are better understood as a result of this study, which also helps with the creation of comprehensive support networks that encourage resilience and overall wellbeing in wounded athletes
Exploring the Human History: Cybernetic Modeling, Systemic Perspectives, and Applications in Archaeological Eras
Authors:   Federal Research Center ", Grinchenko Sergey Nikolaevich ,   Informatics and Control",   RAS, Moscow
Published: April 2024

Since the 1970s, cybernetic modeling of evolutionary processes has progressed, particularly with the development of the informatics-cybernetic model (ICM). This model conceptualizes humanity as a self-regulating hierarchical network system, continuously tracking energy-based target crite-ria through search optimization algorithms. The outcomes are recorded in the system memory of corresponding hierarchical subsystems. Within the ICM framework, the spatio-temporal charac-teristics of global evolution exhibit modifications reminiscent of the Zhirmunsky-Kuzmin number series, a geometric progression they identified in the exploration of critical levels in biosystem development. The study also showcases applications of mathematical-cybernetic modeling results in understanding historical processes examined by archaeologists and historians.
Simulation of temperature field and optimization of heat dissipation structure for lithium-ion power battery pack based on multi-objective function optimization
Authors: Li Feng
Published: April 2024

In order to improve the thermal power dissipation of batteries and reduce the
maximum temperature difference of batteries, the air conditioning system
using battery type was optimized. Using multi-objective optimization method
based on orthogonal experiment and multiple rotations, the local optimum
values of multi-objective were obtained: the left end height A of entrance
area and the height B of air outlet were 9 mm and 28 mm, respectively, with
a tolerance value C of 0.4 mm for battery spacing. The simulation results of
this optimization model show that the maximum temperature difference of the
battery volume is 306.627 K (33.477?C) and 3.815 K (3.815?C), respectively.
Compared with the initial model, they are reduced by 9.55% and 25.89%,
respectively. Compared with the single factor analysis optimization model,
they are reduced by 0.36% and 20.27%, respectively, indicating that the
multi-objective optimization results are better. This multi-objective
programming solves the problem of different parameters of air conditioning
heat dissipation model to some extent, and can provide reference for the
optimization design of other models.
Pedagogiskt ledarskap för personalen, verksamheten och organisationen – en praktiknära studie med daghemsföreståndare
Authors: Nordin Pia , Svanbäck-Laaksonen Mikaela , Heikkilä Mia
Published: April 2024

Syftet med den här studien är att analysera daghemsföreståndares beskrivningar av vad det pedagogiska ledarskapet inbegriper och hur det genomförs inom småbarnspedagogiken i Svenskfinland. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ metod med ett abduktivt förhållningssätt. Den empiriska datainsamlingen består av semistrukturerade intervjuer, vilka har genomförts med 13 respondenter. Studiens teoretiska ramverk bygger på teorin om praktikarkitektur (Kemmis & Grootenboer, 2008) och dataanalysen har skett genom innehållsanalys. Vidare har begreppen sägs, görs och relateras, utifrån teorin om praktikarkitektur, använts i analysen (Rönnerman, 2018). I resultaten framträder tre teman som essentiella i det pedagogiska ledarskapet. Temaområdena är: att vägleda personalen, att leda den pedagogiska verksamheten samt att skapa helhetsmässiga ramar för organisationen. Resultaten beskrivs i termer av vad som sägs om pedagogiskt ledarskap, hur pedagogiskt ledarskap görs och hur pedagogiskt ledarskap relateras. De visar att balansen mellan att skapa visioner och mål för verksamheten samt att vara lyhörd för personalen och barngruppen är framträdande. 
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Pedagogical Leadership for the Staff, the Activities and the Organisation – a Practice-based Study with ECE Centre Directors
The aim of the study is to analyze ECE directors’ descriptions of what pedagogical leadership entails and how it is carried out in ECE in Swedish-speaking parts of Finland. The study is based on a qualitative method with an abductive approach. The empirical data collection consists of semi-structured interviews, which have been conducted with 13 respondents. The study’s theoretical framework is based on the theory of practice architecture (Kemmis & Grootenboer, 2008). The data analysis has taken place through content analysis. Furthermore, the concepts said, done and related, based on the theory of practice architecture, have been used in the analysis (Rönnerman, 2018). In the results, three themes emerge as essential in pedagogical leadership. The themes are: to coach the staff, to lead the pedagogical activities and to create holistic frameworks. The results are described in terms of what is said about pedagogical leadership, how pedagogical leadership is done and how pedagogical leadership is related. They show that the balance between creating visions and goals for the operation and being responsive to the staff and the children is essential.
FREQUENCY RESPONSE AND STRENGTH ANALYSIS OF THE ELBOW ORTHOSIS PLANETARY GEARBOX SHAFT USING FEA
Authors:   Department of Dynamics and Strength of Machine and Strength of Materials, National Technical University of Ukraine “Ihor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Lavrenko Iaroslav , Sushchenko Maksym ,   Department of Dynamics and Strength of Machine and Strength of Materials, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Ishchenko Oleksii ,   0000-0002-8314-9059
Published: April 2024

Shafts of various sizes are used in various fields of mechanical engineering, automotive, marine and aerospace industries to transmit torque according to requirements. In this paper, we simulate and analyse the modal and harmonic response of a shaft on which a satellite of a planetary gearbox for an elbow orthosis is mounted. The orthoses are used during the rehabilitation of patients in the postoperative period or during the regeneration of lost limb functions. Steel 45 and PLA polylactide were used in the shaft modelling. The planetary gearbox shaft was analysed for modal and harmonic characteristics at three different torque values, i.e. 1732 N·mm, 3464 N·mm, 5196 N·mm, using ANSYS Workbench. The modal and harmonic analysis of the shaft stress-strain state is calculated, completed comparative analysis, and the vibration characteristics are discussed: shown natural frequencies, mode shapes, and harmonic response. Calculations for shaft durability under a complex stress state were performed, and safety factors were calculated for shafts made of steel 45 and PLA polylactide.
Create the Taxonomy for Unintentional Insider Threat via Text Mining and Hierarchical Clustering Analysis
Authors: Baugher Jolynn , Qu Yanzhen
Published: April 2024

The unintentional activities of system users can jeopardize the confidentiality, integrity, and assurance of data on information systems. These activities, known as unintentional insider threat activities, account for a significant percentage of data breaches. A method to mitigate or prevent this threat is using smart systems or artificial intelligence (AI). The construction of an AI requires the development of a taxonomy of  activities. The literature review focused on data breach threats, mitigation tools, taxonomy usage in cybersecurity, and taxonomy development using Endnote and Google Scholar. This study aims to develop a taxonomy of unintentional insider threat activities based on narrative descriptions of the breach events in public data breach databases. The public databases were from the California Department of Justice, US Health and Human Services, and Verizon, resulting in 1850 examples of human errors. A taxonomy was constructed to specify the dimensions and characteristics of objects. Text mining and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to create the taxonomy, indicating a quantitative approach. Ward’s agglomeration coefficient was used to ensure the cluster was valid. The resulting top-level taxonomy categories are application errors, communication errors, inappropriate data permissions, lost media, and misconfigurations.
Application of industrial air cleaners in production halls
Authors:   Eurocons Group d.o.o., Vršac, Vasilev Nebojša , Soldo Dragoslav ,   Unimet, Kać, Kerčov Anton ,   Univerzitet u Beogradu, Mašinski fakultet, Beograd, Bajc Tamara ,   Univerzitet u Beogradu, Mašinski fakultet, Beograd
Published: April 2024

Air cleaners are devices that an increasing number of people use to improve Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) in their homes and workplaces, especially in areas where the outdoor air is often excessively polluted. However, such devices, from small to large air flow capacities, are also widely used in the industries of developed countries to control and reduce the impact of the pollutants’ emission. This study deals with the analysis of experimental data regarding IAQ in a production hall with CNC machines in conditions of high concentration of emulsion vapors, focusing on the application of mobile industrial air cleaners, as independent and supplementary components of HVAC systems. Exper-imental data is obtained through measurements, conducted by two different methods using two different measuring instruments. Analyzed results show that the application of mobile industrial air cleaners can lead to significant in-crease of the number of production hall working hours, during which, according to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), indoor air quality, according to PM2.5 (µg/m3), coincides with the “Moderate” air quality category, while it may also lead to occurrence of working hours during which indoor air quality, according to PM2.5 (µg/m3), coincides with the “Good” indoor air quality category. Furthermore, the application of mobile industrial air cleaners leads to the decrease of the indoor air concentration of particulate matter of all sizes in the range of PM0.3 to PM10. However, analysis also shows that the devices’ effectiveness in the PM concentration reduction is heavily dependent on the mobile air cleaners mutual position, as well as the time that has passed since their actuation.
A delay in entering invoice charges is associated with a decrease in total invoice amount in equine practice
Authors: Fielding C. Langdon
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the relationship in equine practice between the time delay for charge entry (time between when work was performed and when the invoice charges were entered) and the total amount of the invoice.

SAMPLE

A total of 67,597 invoices from 3 hospitals were included for analysis.

METHODS

Analysis of 67,597 invoices from 49 doctors working out of 3 hospitals was performed. Variables collected included invoice total, date of work, date of invoice entry, month of work, invoice category (A = ambulatory daytime, E = after-hours, I = hospital), and veterinarian. Time delay to invoice entry was the difference between the day of work and the day of charge entry. A generalized additive model was used to describe the relationship between the time delay for invoice entry and the invoice type, month of work, and invoice category. The best model was selected using the Akaike information criterion.

RESULTS

In the selected model, total invoice amount was associated with time delay for charge entry and invoice category. Invoices entered on the same day of work were 299 ± $345, as compared to those entered the next day (255 ± $271) and those entered > 1 day after the work was performed (193 ± $196; P < .0001).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

If the observed relationship between time delay (time between work performed and invoice entry) and total invoice amount is causal, equine practitioners may have significant opportunity to improve revenues by simply entering charges on the same day the work is performed.
Smaller-gauge catheters and greater body weights are associated with increased risk of peripheral intravenous catheter complications in cats hospitalized in the critical care unit
Authors: Granger Kyle L. , Zersen Kristin M. , Guieu Liz
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE

To identify risk factors associated with peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) complications in cats hospitalized in the critical care unit (CCU).

ANIMALS

120 cats admitted to the CCU between October 2022 and September 2023.

METHODS

This prospective, observational study was performed at a single veterinary teaching hospital. Cats hospitalized in the CCU for ≥ 24 hours were evaluated for enrollment. Peripheral intravenous catheters were placed by trained personnel following a standardized protocol and monitored for complications. PIVC complications were classified as extravasation, phlebitis, dislodgement, occlusion, line breakage, or patient removal.

RESULTS

Median PIVC dwell time was 42.25 hours (range, 24.25 to 164.25 hours). Overall PIVC complication rate was 18.3% (22/120), with extravasation (7/120 [5.8%]) and dislodgement (7/120 [5.8%]) being the most frequently recorded complications. Multivariable analysis identified that for each kilogram increase in body weight there is a higher likelihood of a PIVC complication (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.05; P = .03). Additionally, use of a larger-gauge (20-gauge vs 22-gauge) PIVC is associated with a significantly lower likelihood of a PIVC complication (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.56; P = .006).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

These results suggest that smaller-gauge (22-gauge) PIVCs and greater body weights are associated with an increased risk of complications in cats hospitalized in the CCU. When possible, a larger-gauge (20-gauge) PIVC should be placed in cats admitted to the CCU.
What’s in the box? A toolbox for safe deployment of artificial intelligence in veterinary medicine
Authors: Basran Parminder S. , Appleby Ryan B.
Published: April 2024

This report describes a comprehensive framework for applying artificial intelligence (AI) in veterinary medicine. Our framework draws on existing research on AI implementation in human medicine and addresses the challenges of limited technology expertise and the need for scalability. The critical components of this framework include assembling a diverse team of experts in AI, promoting a foundational understanding of AI among veterinary professionals, identifying relevant use cases and objectives, ensuring data quality and availability, creating an effective implementation plan, providing team training, fostering collaboration, considering ethical and legal obligations, integrating AI into existing workflows, monitoring and evaluating performance, managing change effectively, and staying up-to-date with technological advancements. Incorporating AI into veterinary medicine requires addressing unique ethical and legal considerations, including data privacy, owner consent, and the impact of AI outputs on decision-making. Effective change management principles aid in avoiding disruptions and building trust in AI technology. Furthermore, continuous evaluation of AI’s relevance in veterinary practice ensures that the benefits of AI translate into meaningful improvements in patient care.
Dietary supplementation of Agaricus bisporus by-products on development, egg production, egg quality, and antioxidant capacity of yolk in laying quails
Authors: Sarmiento-García Ainhoa , Olgun Osman , Kılınç Gözde , Sevim Behlul
Published: April 2024

The effect of dietary supplementation with Agaricus bisporus mushrooms powder (ABP) from byproducts on the development, egg production, egg quality, and antioxidant yolk capacity of Japanese laying quail was assessed. A total of 100 female quails 20-week-old were allotted to 5 treatments (5 replications, 4 females each) and received a basal diet supplemented with six graded levels of ABP (0 g/kg, 2.5 g/kg, 5.0 g/kg, 7.5 g/kg and 10.0 g/kg) according to ABP0, ABP25, ABP50, ABP75, and ABP100 groups for 70 days. The results indicated no adverse impact (P>0.05) of dietary ABP on production performance and egg internal quality. A quadratic effect was described for egg-breaking strength (P<0.05) and eggshell thickness (P<0.01), showing the highest values at a dose of 7.5 g/kg ABP. Compared to the control, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) yolk reduction was higher (quadratic) in the 5.0 g/kg ABP diet (P<0.001), while malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased linearly in all groups fed with ABP (P<0.001) as compared to the control group. The results suggest that the eggs from ABP quails could have an added value that would improve their marketability. The favourable findings of the current research demonstrate that including mushroom by-products in animal feed could reduce animal feed costs and reduce environmental damage.
Pricing of Chinese Certified Emissions Reduction Scheme in a Supply Chain Under the Cap-and-Trade Policy
Authors: Zhang Mingyang , Tan Jiali , Cheng Edwin Tai Chiu
Published: April 2024

Against the backdrop of carbon trading, the Chinese Certified Emissions Reduction (CCER) scheme is one of the most important measures of China to reduce carbon emissions. We study a supply chain consisting of a CCER supplier and a manufacturer that buys CCER quotas from the supplier. The supplier is a non-emissions-control enterprise engaged in clean energy projects, while the manufacturer is classified into three types: a clean, a relatively clean, and an unclean firm. We analyse the impacts of the price and offset rate of CCER quotas on firms’ emissions reductions. We find that when the price of CCER quotas is lower than the price of Chinese Emissions Allowances (CEAs): (1) for both clean and unclean manufacturers, with increasing CCER offset rate (quota price), technical emissions reduction decreases (increases). (2) The incentive for the relatively clean manufacturer to reduce emissions is not affected by other extraneous factors. When the prices of CCER quotas and CEAs are uncertain, we find that (1) the technology abatement decisions of the three types of manufacturer are consistent and the corresponding CCER suppliers price their CCER quotas in the same way. (2) When the proportion of CCER quotas purchased by the manufacturer increases, the unit technical emissions reduction increases. Confirming that introduction of the CCER scheme can reduce carbon emissions, our findings provide theoretical guidance for suppliers to make pricing decisions on CCER quotas and for manufacturers to make technical emissions reduction decisions.
Dynamic Coupling Analysis Between Scale of Network Retail Market and Green Circulation Efficiency
Authors: SI Guoxing
Published: April 2024

A sound circulation system is an important carrier for the development of the retail industry, and the promotion of green circulation efficiency (GCE) plays an important role in driving the market scale expansion of network retail (NR). This study uses the development status of China’s NR and circulation industries as basis to estimate the total carbon emissions (CE) of the circulation industry by using the system dynamics method. Moreover, this research measures China’s GCE by combining data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Malmquist index to construct a coupling analysis model to empirically investigate the dynamic coupling relationship between the NR scale and green circulation efficiency. Results indicate that China’s GCE is generally increasing, but growth rate fluctuates significantly. Additionally, the improvement of the quality and efficiency of China’s circulation industry has not yet formed a steady green path. China’s NR market scale continues to expand, but NR at this stage is still mainly concentrated in the eastern region. The efficiency of green circulation and scale of the NR market show a good coupling trend, but there is still a significant gap between the central and western regions. Accordingly, this study proposes that the construction of a green circulation system should be strengthened, and that the development of a green and efficient circulation industry should be taken as the engine of the NR scale expansion.