bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WORKSHOP GURU MATEMATIKA MENGGUNAKAN WORD PROCESSOR FORMULA DAN PENGELOLAAN KELAS
Authors: Riyadi Selamet , Wulandari Tri Candra
Published: June 2019

SMP Sunan Kalijogo merupakan salah satu sekolah mengenag pertama di Kecamatan Jabung Kabupaten Malang yang berbaisis pondok pesantren. Mayoritas siswa di sekolah tersebut bersumber dari pondok pesantren Sunan Kalijogo meskipun ada juga siswa yang tidak mondok tepi hanya sebagian kecil saja. Dengan realitas sepeti itu dan ditambah dengan padatnya kegiatan di pondok pesantren menyebabkan siswa kurang antusias untuk belajar di sekolah. Sehingga tidak jarang guru mengeluh kurang bisa mengendalikan kelas yang sedang diajarnya. Karena banyak siswa yang mengantuk ketika pelajaran di kelas dan ada juga siswa yang bercanda dengan teman di dekatnya ketika guru menjelaskan. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut dan untuk menambah kondusifitas pembelajaran maka tim pengabdian kepada masyarakat Universitas Kanjuruhan Malang mengadakan pelatihan menggunakan Word Prosesor Formula dan beberapa pendekatan pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan kondisi sekolah tersebut dan berbasis kurikulum 2013. Beberapa pendekatan pembelajaran yang disampaikan yaitu Inquiry Based Learning (IBL) dan Problem Based Learning (PBL).

Tujuan dari kegiatan ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menggunakan Word Prosesor Formula serta menambah pengetahuan guru-guru tentang pembelajaran kurikulum 2013 yang sesuai dengan kondisi sekolah tersebut. Dengan harapan pengetahuan tersebut bisa digunakan untuk meningkatkan kondusifitas pembelajaran di SMP Sunan Kalijogo. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu pelatihan dan pendampingan. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu guru-guru mempunyai pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang baik dalam pengelolaan kelas sehingga pembelajaran menjadi kondusif.
Pemanfaatan Website dan Media Sosial Untuk Meningkatkan Brand Awareness Terhadap Pusat Pelatihan dan Pedesaan Swadaya (P4S) Desa Karang Melok, Bondowoso
Authors: Juwita Oktalia , Pandunata Priza , Astuti Soekma Yeni
Published: June 2019

ABSTRAK    Pusat Pelatihan Pertanian dan Perdesaan Swadaya (P4S) adalah salah satu kelompok tani yang diketuai oleh Bapak Buharto di desa Karang Melok, kecamatan Tamanan, kabupaten Bondowoso. Kegiatan utama dari P4S adalah memberikan pelatihan untuk menjalankan pertanian organik dan pembuatan pupuk organik. Permasalahan yang dihadapi P4S adalah pada kegiatan pemasaran dan proses pendaftaran bagi kelompok atau individu yang ingin mengikuti pelatihan. Selama ini pemasaran yang dilakukan oleh P4S adalah dengan cara konvensional yaitu dari mulut ke mulut. Pendaftaran hanya dapat dilakukan secara langsung melalui telpon tanpa adanya proses pendataan. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk pemasaran dan meningkatkan brand awareness P4S adalah dengan membuatkan website dan akun di media sosial (facebook), dan kemudian disosialisasikan penggunaanya ke pengelola/anggota P4S.Kata kunci : P4S, pemasaran, brand awareness, website, media sosial. ABSTRACT “Pusat Pelatihan Pertanian dan Perdesaan Swadaya (P4S)” is one of the farmer groups chaired by Mr. Buharto in Karang Melok village, Tamanan, Bondowoso. The main activity of P4S is to provide training to runing organic farming and making organic fertilizer. The problems faced by P4S are marketing activities and the registration process for groups or individuals who want to take part in the training. So far the marketing carried out by P4S is in the conventional way, which is word of mouth. Registration can only be done directly by telephone without the data collection process. Efforts that can be made for P4S in marketing activities and increasing brand awareness are by creating websites and account on social media (in this case Facebook), and then disseminated its use to members of P4S.
Pelatihan Pembelajaran Aplikasi Cerdas Cermat Unik (ACCU) Bagi Para Siswa SDN Pabean 1 Sedati Sidoarjo
Authors: Kristanto Titus , Arief Rachman
Published: June 2019

Education is a process to mature someone from various sectors. Education can be taken from various processes both formal, informal and non-formal education. At the age of children 0-6 years, is the right period of the child's brain is growing rapidly. So that it can absorb quickly both heard and seen. Based on data from the Education Authorities, the results of the National Examination  for elementary school have decreased compared to previous years. The decline in the value of the National Examination is caused by students being less interested in learning. In order for students to be interested in learning, innovation is needed in the form of educational games as learning media. The educational game is intended for grade VI elementary school students to face the National Examination. The result of making educational games is that students are more comfortable playing games while learning, so they can add insight and knowledge, and strengthen student's memory.ABSTRAK Pendidikan merupakan proses untuk mendewasakan seseorang dari berbagai sektor. Pendidikan dapat ditempuh dari berbagai proses baik pendidikan formal, informal, maupun non-formal. Pada usia anak 0-6 tahun, merupakan periode yang tepat otak anak sedang berkembang dengan pesat. Sehingga dapat menyerap secara cepat baik yang didengar maupun yang dilihat. Berdasarkan data dari Dinas Pendidikan, hasil nilai Ujian Nasional untuk jenjang SD mengalami penurunan dibandingkan dengan tahun-tahun sebelumnya. Penurunan nilai Ujian Nasional disebabkan siswa kurang tertarik untuk belajar. Supaya siswa tertarik untuk belajar, diperlukan inovasi berupa game edukasi sebagai media pembelajaran. Game edukasi tersebut ditujukan bagi para siswa kelas VI SD untuk menghadapi Ujian Nasional. Hasil dari pembuatan game edukasi adalah para siswa agar lebih nyaman bermain game sambil belajar, sehingga dapat menambah wawasan dan pengetahuan, serta memperkuat daya ingat siswa.Kata kunci : game edukasi; pendidikan; ujian nasional; siswa SD
Technological Lighting for Agro-Industrial Instolations in Russia
Authors: Prikupets Leonid B.
Published: June 2019

The paper gives a review of the current state and future development of technological lighting in the main production sectors of agriculture and horticulture in Russia. Current data is given and an evaluation of the effects of lighting on livestock, poultry, fish, mushrooms, and plant productivity is carried out. The practical application of the latest innovations in lighting technology and photo biology is described.
LIPID PEROXIDATION AND ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEM IN MENOPAUSAL WOMEN OF DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS
Authors: Semenova N. V. , Madaeva I. M. , Darenskaya M. A. , Kolesnikova L. I.
Published: June 2019

Aim: Сomparative assessment of lipid peroxidation - antioxidant defense parameters in Caucasian and Asian women in peri- and postmenopause. Methods: Altogether, 146 women of Caucasian (Russians (n = 82)) and Asian (Buryats (n = 64)) origins participated in the prospective non-randomized study. Each ethnic group was divided into three subgroups - women of reproductive age, perimeno-pause, postmenopause according to the gynecological status. The lipid peroxidation - antioxidant defense parameters were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Non-parametric tests were used for comparisons of the three independent groups. Results: in Russian perimenopausal women compared to women of reproductive age, an increase of lipid peroxidation substrates by 1.27 times (p = 0.032), active products of thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) by 1.25 times (p = 0.041), oxidized glutathione by 1.33 times (p = 0.021) levels and decrease of ketodienes and conjugated trienes (KD-CT) by 1.85 times (p < 0.001), retinol by 1.32 times (p = 0.043) levels, followed by an increase of KD-CT levels by 2 times (p < 0.001) and decrease of TBARS by 1.28 times (p = 0.042), а-tocopherol by 1.37 times (p = 0.001), retinol by 1.14 times (p = 0.019), GSSG by 1.16 times (p = 0.044) levels in postmenopausal women. In perimenopausal representatives of the Buryat ethnos compared with women of reproductive age, an decrease of lipid peroxidation substrates by 1.66 times (p < 0.001), conjugated dienes (CD) by 2.41 times (p < 0.001), KD-CT by 1.53 times (p = 0.045), а-tocopherol by 1.64 times (p < 0.001), retinol by 1.20 times (p = 0.024) levels, followed by an increase of lipid peroxidation substrates by 1.31 times (p = 0.028), CD by 1.53 times (p = 0.008), KD-CT by 1.32 times (p = 0.032) levels in postmenopausal women. Conclusions: Our results suggest that oxidative stress in menopause is more pronounced in Caucasian than in Asian women.
SMOKING AND VITAL EXHAUSTION IN INDUSTRIAL WORKERS IN SOUTHERN URAL
Authors: Flores M. A.
Published: June 2019

Aim: To study associations between smoking and vital exhaustion among workers of a large factory in Southern Ural. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1 101 employees of one of the enterprises of the Southern Ural was performed. Smoking status was established by a questionnaire and expressed as a number of cigarettes smoked per day. Height, weight, resting heart rate and charge heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured. Self-administered questionnaire was used to study the presence of angina, chronic bronchitis and neurological complaints. Vital exhaustion was studied by the abridged version of the Maastricht questionnaire. Categorical variables were analyzed by Pearson's chi-squared statistics using IBM SPSS software, v.22.0. Results: At the time of the survey, 25.6 % of women and 52.3 % of men smoked daily. Altogether, 18.0 % of the women and 9.6 % of men have average or high level of vital exhausion. No statistically significant association between smoking and vital exhaustion was observed in either men (р = 0.287) or women (р = 0.720). Conclusions: A cross-sectional study could not determine a statistically significant relationship between smoking and vital exhaustion among workers of a factory.
Hasrat Ekonomi Politisi dan Penurunan Kualitas Demokrasi Indonesia Jelang Pemilu 2019
Authors: Kamuri Johanis Putratama
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT: This article rests on the thesis that economic interest is the implicit end of Indonesian political agents. Economic interest, the implicit end, is the main driving force that cause the deterioration of the quality of Indonesian democracy. Various phenomena that cause the deterioration of the quality of Indonesian democracy will be understood and explained through the political strategies of Niccolo Machiavelli as a conceptual framework. Furthermore, the ideal political perspective from Bernhard Sutor which is sustained by Marxâ€™s idea of basic and superstructure will be used to find the implicit end which moves political agents and influences existing political phenomena. This article concludes with a number of thoughts that remind and prepare Indonesian society, especially the readers, to seriously consider their political choices in April 2019, in order to improve the quality of Indonesian democracy. KEYWORDS: The implicit end, Indonesian democrasy, economic interests, Indonesian politicians, Indonesian political situation, MachiavelliÂ Â ABSTRAK: Â  Artikel ini bertumpu pada tesis bahwa hasrat ekonomi adalah tujuanÂ  implisit agen politik di Indonesia. Hasrat ekonomi yang menjadi tujuan implisit adalah kekuatan utama yang menyebabkan penurunan kualitas demokrasi di Indonesia. Pemikiran Niccolo Machiavelli merupakan bingkai konseptual untuk memahami dan menjelaskan sejumlah fenomena politik yang mempengaruhi penurunan kualitas demokrasi di Indonesia. Selanjutnya perspektif politik ideal dari Bernhard Sutor yang ditopang oleh konsep basis dan superstruktur dari Marx akan digunakan untuk menegaskan tujuan implisit, visi/tujuan politik, yang menggerakkan politisi dan melatarbelakangi fenomena politik tersebut. Artikel ini diakhiri dengan sejumlah pemikiran yang mengingatkan dan mempersiapkan masyarakat Indonesia, khususnya pembaca, untuk mempertimbangkan pilihan politiknya pada April 2019 secara serius, demi peningkatan kualitas demokrasi di Indonesia. KATA-KATA KUNCI: Tujuan implisit, demokrasi Indonesia, hasrat ekonomi, politisi Indonesia, situasi politik Indonesia, Machiavelli
Reposisi Paradigma terhadap Alam Semesta: Tawaran Refleksi Filosofis dan Teologis
Authors: Sihombing Edy Syahputra
Published: June 2019

Abstract: The civilization of human life is formed as not separated from human relations with the universe. Science has emerged through human relations with the universe. Human culture and tradition are also formed through human relationship with nature. Moreover, human religious imagination is formed through human relations with the universe. Briefly, humans live and develop themselves from and in the universe. In early time, humans interpreted themselves as part of universe and united with the universe that without it humans could not live. Yet, in line with the development of science and human civilization, the human perspective on the universe also changes. The universe tends to be seen as an object which can be exploited for the sake of human needs. Finally, environmental damage that also takes a lot of victims is a consequence of human behavior. The holistic and relational paradigm of the universe as well as philosophical and theological reflections offer to reinterpret the sacredness of the universe with the aim of improving human relations with the universe which tends to be anthropocentric. KEYWORDS: universe, ecology.Â ABSTRAK: Peradaban hidup manusia terbentuk tidak lepas dari relasi manusia dengan alam semesta. Ilmu pengetahuan bermunculan melalui relasi manusia dengan alam semesta. Kebudayaan dan adat-istiadat manusia juga terbentuk melalui relasinya dengan alam. Bahkan imajinasi religius manusia juga terbentuk melalui relasi manusia dengan alam semesta. Singkatnya, manusia hidup dan mengembangkan diri dari dan di dalam alam semesta. Sejak awalÂ  manusia memaknai dirinya sebagai bagian dari alam semesta dan bersatu dengan alam semesta yang tanpanya manusia tidak bisa hidup. Akan tetapi dengan berkembangnya ilmu pengetahuan dan peradaban manusia, cara pandang manusia terhadap alam semesta turut berubah. Alam semesta cenderung dipandang sebagai objek yang dapat begitu saja dieksploitasi demi kebutuhan manusia. Akhirnya kerusakan lingkungan hidup yang juga memakan banyak korban menjadi konsekuensi atas perilaku manusia. Paradigma holistik dan relasional terhadap alam semesta serta refleksi filosofis dan teologis hendak memberikan tawaran untuk kembali memaknai sakralitas alam semesta dengan tujuan memperbaiki relasi manusia dengan alam semesta yang cenderung bersifat antroposentris. Kata-kata Kunci: alam semesta, lingkungan hidup, eksploitasi, dominasi, paradigma holistik, refleksi filosofis, refleksi teologis, etika ekosentris.
KAJIAN HUBUNGAN DIAGENESIS DAN SIKUEN STRATIGRAFI FORMASI NANGGULAN BERDASARKAN ANALISIS PETROGRAFI BATUPASIR
Authors: Sasongko Wahyu
Published: June 2019

Proses diagenesis yang terjadi pada batuan memiliki hubungan yang erat dengan konsep sikuen stratigrafi. Proses diagenesis awal (eogenesis) yang terbentuk pada suatu batuan dipengaruhi oleh posisi stratigrafi batuan tersebut dalam tataan sikuen stratigrafi. Eogenesis tersebut dapat diteliti dengan menggunakan data petrografi batupasir mengenai proses diagenesis yang terdapat pada batuan, dan juga dengan melihat posisi batuan dalam tataan sikuen stratigrafi. Formasi Nanggulan yang tersingkap di Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu formasi yang dengan beberapa interval litologi batupasir. Analisis mengenai sikuen stratigrafi Formasi Nanggulan telah diteliti sebelumnya dengan menggunakan analisis batuan inti. Studi lebih lanjut mengenai Formasi Nanggulan bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik batupasir dan proses diagenesisnya, serta mencari hubungan antara proses diagenesis dan sikuen stratigrafi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis petrografi dari data batuan inti dan singkapan permukaan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara diagenesis dan sikuen stratigrafi pada batupasir Formasi Nanggulan.Berdasarkan analisis petrografi terhadap diagenesis pada Formasi Nanggulan, dapat dikonfirmasi bahwa Formasi Nanggulan terdiri dari 3 system tract yaitu lowstand system tract (LST), transgressive system tract (TST), dan highstand system tract (HST). Tahapan proses diagenesis yaitu eogenesis, mesogenesis dan telogenesis telah mempengaruhi Formasi Nanggulan. Karakteristik diagenesis pada Formasi Nanggulan bervariasi sesuai dengan system tract dan marker batas sikuen pada tataan sikuen stratigrafi. Berdasaran penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa sikuen stratigrafi Formasi Nanggulan dapat dikonfirmasi dengan data diagenesis.
STRUKTUR EKONOMI DAN DISPARITAS WILAYAH KABUPATEN SLEMAN
Authors: Devi Mutiasari Kurnia
Published: June 2019

Salah satu tujuan dari pembangunan ekonomi regional adalah untuk meningkatkan sektor perekonomian, khususnya yang dapat memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat luas. Kabupaten Sleman merupakan wilayah dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang cukup pesat. Namun, pertumbuhan ini nyatanya hanya terjadi di sebagian wilayahnya saja, khususnya wilayah yang menjadi kawasan aglomerasi perkotaan Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengidentifikasi struktur dan pola pertumbuhan ekonomi di Kabupaten Sleman; 2) mengidentifikasi tingkat disparitas antar wilayah kecamatan yang ada di Kabupaten Sleman; serta 3) menganalisis keterkaitan antara struktur ekonomi dan disparitas wilayah. Analisis yang digunakan adalah tipologi Klassen dan indeks Williamson serta analisis korelasi untuk menjelaskan keterkaitan antara struktur ekonomi dan disparitas wilayah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya 3 kecamatan di Kabupaten Sleman yang termasuk dalam kategori wilayah pertumbuhan cepat, yaitu Kecamatan Sleman, Depok, dan Godean. Terdapat hubungan positif antara struktur ekonomi dan tingkat disparitas wilayah kecamatan, khususnya wilayah yang menjadi kawasan aglomerasi dengan kawasan yang bukan merupakan kawasan aglomerasi perkotaan Yogyakarta. Kata kunci: struktur ekonomi, disparitas wilayah, tipologi Klassen, indeks Williamson
RANCANGAN DATA WAREHOUSE PADA SEKOLAH TINGGI TEKNIK POLIPROFESI MEDAN
Authors: Tarigan Siti Jamilah , Winarno Wing Wahyu , Safei Henderi
Published: June 2019

Pengambilan keputusan dan perencanaan bidang akademik sering kali tidak berdasarkan pada informasi yang lengkap. Jajaran pengambil keputusan (rektorat atau tingkat eksekutif) hanya bisa melihat sebuah data dalam satu dimensi. Pengambil keputusan akan lebih baik jika informasi dapat disajikan dari berbagai dimensi. Perguruan tinggi telah memiliki data operasional yang lengkap dari kegiatan akademik, kepegawaian, dan penerimaan mahasiswa yang telah dikumpulkan lebih dari 4 tahun. Data warehouse adalah suatu koleksi optimasi database untuk mendukung keputusan. Konsep ini mengintegrasikan antara sistem lama dan sistem baru sehingga tidak terjadi duplikasi data. Data yang telah diintegrasikan dapat diolah dalam berbagai bentuk laporan sesuai dengan kebutuhan.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana data yang ada bisa menghasilkan informasi yang akurat dan multidimensi sehingga pengambilan keputusan lebih cepat dan akurat. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data OLAP, dan skema bintang. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah rancangan yang dihasilkan bisa membantu pihak akademik dalam membuat keputusan berdasarkan data dan informasi yang mulitidimensi.
Low-power-threshold parametric decay instabilities of powerful microwave beams in toroidal fusion devices
Authors: Gusakov E Z , Popov A Yu
Published: June 2019

We discuss the experimental conditions responsible for a drastic decrease in the power threshold of parametric decay instabilities under auxiliary electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) in toroidal magnetic fusion devices when the upper hybrid (UH) resonance for the pump wave is absent. We show that for a finite-width pump in the presence of a nonmonotonic (hollow) density profile occurring due to plasma equilibrium in the magnetic islands or anomalous particle fluxes from the ECR layer, 3D localization of one or both daughter waves is possible. This localization leads to the full suppression of daughter wave energy losses from the decay layer and a substantial increase in the nonlinear pumping efficiency. This decreases the power threshold of nonlinear excitation, which can be easily overcome in current ECRH experiments utilizing 1 MW microwave beams. Different scenarios of extraordinary and ordinary wave decays are investigated. The secondary decays of primary daughter waves and pump wave depletion are considered as the most effective mechanisms leading to the transition of primary instability to the saturation regime. The proposed theoretical model was shown to be able to describe the anomalous phenomena discovered in ECRH experiments in different toroidal fusion devices all over the world.
Scaffolds with a High Surface Area-to-Volume Ratio and Cultured Under Fast Flow Perfusion Result in Optimal O2 Delivery to the Cells in Artificial Bone Tissues
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Danh , Kadri Olufemi E. , Sikavitsas Vassilios I. , Voronov Roman S.
Published: June 2019

Tissue engineering has the potential for repairing large bone defects, which impose a heavy financial burden on the public health. However, difficulties with O2 delivery to the cells residing in the interior of tissue engineering scaffolds make it challenging to grow artificial tissues of clinically-relevant sizes. This study uses image-based simulation in order to provide insight into how to better optimize the scaffold manufacturing parameters, and the culturing conditions, in order to resolve the O2 bottleneck. To do this, high resolution 3D X-ray images of two common scaffold types (salt leached foam and non-woven fiber mesh) are fed into Lattice Boltzmann Method fluid dynamics and reactive Lagrangian Scalar Tracking mass transfer solvers. The obtained findings indicate that the scaffolds should have maximal surface area-to-solid volume ratios for higher chances of the molecular collisions with the cells. Furthermore, the cell culture media should be flown through the scaffold pores as fast as practically possible (without detaching or killing the cells). Finally, we have provided a parametric sweep that maps how the molecular transport within the scaffolds is affected by variations in rates of O2 consumption by the cells. Ultimately, the results of this study are expected to benefit the computer-assisted design of tissue engineering scaffolds and culturing experiments.
A Novel Ranging Technique Based on Optical Camera Communications and Time Difference of Arrival
Authors: Rabadan Jose , Guerra Victor , Guerra Carlos , Rufo Julio , Perez-Jimenez Rafael
Published: June 2019

In this work, a new Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA) scheme for distance measurement based on Optical Camera Communication (OCC) systems is proposed. It relies on the use of optical pulses instead of radio-frequency signals as the time reference triggers, and the introduction of a rolling shutter camera, whose characteristics allows substituting the timer modules used in conventional TDoA techniques by image processing of the illuminated area in the picture. This processing on the camera’s images provides time measurements and implies and specific analysis, which is presented in this work. The system performance and properties, such as resolution and range, mainly depends on the camera characteristics, such as the frames capture rate and the image quality. This new technique is suitable to be implemented in smartphones or other Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) devices equipped with a camera and speakers.
Holographic Silicon Metasurfaces for Total Angular Momentum Demultiplexing Applications in Telecom
Authors: Ruffato Gianluca , Massari Michele , Capaldo Pietro , Romanato Filippo
Published: June 2019

The simultaneous processing of orbital angular momentum (OAM) and polarization has recently acquired particular importance and interest in a wide range of fields ranging from telecommunications to high-dimensional quantum cryptography. Due to their inherently polarization-sensitive optical behavior, Pancharatnam–Berry optical elements (PBOEs), acting on the geometric phase, have proven to be useful for the manipulation of complex light beams with orthogonal polarization states using a single optical element. In this work, different PBOEs have been computed, realized, and optically analyzed for the sorting of beams with orthogonal OAM and polarization states at the telecom wavelength of 1310 nm. The geometric-phase control is obtained by inducing a spatially-dependent form birefringence on a silicon substrate, patterned with properly-oriented subwavelength gratings. The digital grating structure is generated with high-resolution electron beam lithography on a resist mask and transferred to the silicon substrate using inductively coupled plasma-reactive ion etching. The optical characterization of the fabricated samples confirms the expected capability to detect circularly-polarized optical vortices with different handedness and orbital angular momentum.
Optimal Design of Air Quality Monitoring Network for Pollution Detection and Source Identification in Industrial Parks
Authors: Huang Zihan , Yu Qi , Liu Yujie , Ma Weichun , Chen Limin
Published: June 2019

Dense air quality monitoring network (AQMN) is one of main ways to surveil industrial air pollution. This paper is concerned with the design of a dense AQMN for H2S for a chemical industrial park in Shanghai, China. An indicator (Surveillance Efficiency, SE) for the long-term performance of AQMN was constructed by averaging pollution detection efficiency (rd) and source identification efficiency (rb). A ranking method was developed by combing Gaussian puff model and Source area analysis for improving calculation efficiency. Candidate combinations with highest score were given priority in the selection of next site. Two existing monitors were suggested to relocate to the west and southwest of this park. SE of optimized AQMN increased quickly with monitor number, and then the growth trend started to flatten when the number reached about 60. The highest SE occurred when the number reached 110. Optimal schemes of AQMNs were suggested which can achieve about 98% of the highest SE, while using only about 60 monitors. Finally, the reason why the highest SE is less than 1 and the variation characteristics of rd and rb were discussed. Overall, the proposed method is an effective tool for designing AQMN with optimal SE in industrial parks.
Promising Directions in Atherosclerosis Treatment Based on Epigenetic Regulation Using MicroRNAs and Long Noncoding RNAs
Authors: Skuratovskaia Daria , Vulf Maria , Komar Aleksandra , Kirienkova Elena , Litvinova Larisa
Published: June 2019

Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is a chronic inflammatory disease of the middle and large arteries caused by a disruption of lipid metabolism. Noncoding RNA (ncRNA), including microRNA (miRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), was investigated for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Regulation of the expression of noncoding RNA targets the constituent element of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Currently, miRNA therapy commonly employs miRNA antagonists and mimic compounds. In this review, attention is focused on approaches to correcting molecular disorders based on the genetic regulation of the transcription of key genes responsible for the development of atherosclerosis. Promising technologies were considered for the treatment of atherosclerosis, and examples are given for technologies that have been shown to be effective in clinical trials.
Starve Cancer Cells of Glutamine: Break the Spell or Make a Hungry Monster?
Authors: Jiang Jie , Srivastava Sankalp , Zhang Ji
Published: June 2019

Distinct from normal differentiated tissues, cancer cells reprogram nutrient uptake and utilization to accommodate their elevated demands for biosynthesis and energy production. A hallmark of these types of reprogramming is the increased utilization of, and dependency on glutamine, a nonessential amino acid, for cancer cell growth and survival. It is well-accepted that glutamine is a versatile biosynthetic substrate in cancer cells beyond its role as a proteinogenic amino acid. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that glutamine metabolism is regulated by many factors, including tumor origin, oncogene/tumor suppressor status, epigenetic alternations and tumor microenvironment. However, despite the emerging understanding of why cancer cells depend on glutamine for growth and survival, the contribution of glutamine metabolism to tumor progression under physiological conditions is still under investigation, partially because the level of glutamine in the tumor environment is often found low. Since targeting glutamine acquisition and utilization has been proposed to be a new therapeutic strategy in cancer, it is central to understand how tumor cells respond and adapt to glutamine starvation for optimized therapeutic intervention. In this review, we first summarize the diverse usage of glutamine to support cancer cell growth and survival, and then focus our discussion on the influence of other nutrients on cancer cell adaptation to glutamine starvation as well as its implication in cancer therapy.
Unusual Placement of an EBV Epitope into the Groove of the Ankylosing Spondylitis-Associated HLA-B27 Allele Allows CD8+ T Cell Activation
Authors: Tedeschi Valentina , Alba Josephine , Paladini Fabiana , Paroli Marino , Cauli Alberto , Mathieu Alessandro , Sorrentino Rosa , D’Abramo Marco , Fiorillo Maria Teresa
Published: June 2019

The human leukocyte antigen HLA-B27 is a strong risk factor for Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), an immune-mediated disorder affecting axial skeleton and sacroiliac joints. Additionally, evidence exists sustaining a strong protective role for HLA-B27 in viral infections. These two aspects could stem from common molecular mechanisms. Recently, we have found that the HLA-B*2705 presents an EBV epitope (pEBNA3A-RPPIFIRRL), lacking the canonical B27 binding motif but known as immunodominant in the HLA-B7 context of presentation. Notably, 69% of B*2705 carriers, mostly patients with AS, possess B*2705-restricted, pEBNA3A-specific CD8+ T cells. Contrarily, the non-AS-associated B*2709 allele, distinguished from the B*2705 by the single His116Asp polymorphism, is unable to display this peptide and, accordingly, B*2709 healthy subjects do not unleash specific T cell responses. Herein, we investigated whether the reactivity towards pEBNA3A could be a side effect of the recognition of the natural longer peptide (pKEBNA3A) having the classical B27 consensus (KRPPIFIRRL). The stimulation of PBMC from B*2705 positive patients with AS in parallel with both pEBNA3A and pKEBNA3A did not allow to reach an unambiguous conclusion since the differences in the magnitude of the response measured as percentage of IFNγ-producing CD8+ T cells were not statistically significant. Interestingly, computational analysis suggested a structural shift of pEBNA3A as well as of pKEBNA3A into the B27 grooves, leaving the A pocket partially unfilled. To our knowledge this is the first report of a viral peptide: HLA-B27 complex recognized by TCRs in spite of a partially empty groove. This implies a rethinking of the actual B27 immunopeptidome crucial for viral immune-surveillance and autoimmunity.
CD28 Autonomous Signaling Up-Regulates C-Myc Expression and Promotes Glycolysis Enabling Inflammatory T Cell Responses in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Kunkl Martina , Sambucci Manolo , Ruggieri Serena , Amormino Carola , Tortorella Carla , Gasperini Claudio , Battistini Luca , Tuosto Loretta
Published: June 2019

The immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) depend on the expansion of specific inflammatory T cell subsets, which are key effectors of tissue damage and demyelination. Emerging studies evidence that a reprogramming of T cell metabolism may occur in MS, thus the identification of stimulatory molecules and associated signaling pathways coordinating the metabolic processes that amplify T cell inflammation in MS is pivotal. Here, we characterized the involvement of the cluster of differentiation (CD)28 and associated signaling mediators in the modulation of the metabolic programs regulating pro-inflammatory T cell functions in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients. We show that CD28 up-regulates glycolysis independent of the T cell receptor (TCR) engagement by promoting the increase of c-myc and the glucose transporter, Glut1, in RRMS CD4+ T cells. The increase of glycolysis induced by CD28 was important for the expression of inflammatory cytokines related to T helper (Th)17 cells, as demonstrated by the strong inhibition exerted by impairing the glycolytic pathway. Finally, we identified the class 1A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) as the critical signaling mediator of CD28 that regulates cell metabolism and amplify specific inflammatory T cell phenotypes in MS.
Study on Direct Current Electro-Deposition of Copper Nanowires in Anodic Alumina Membrane Pores
Authors: Ying Lixia , Xie Yue , Fu Zhen , Shi Hongrui , Wang Guixiang
Published: June 2019

Aluminum alloy plays an important role in industrial applications, but has a high friction coefficient and a high wear rate. On the basis of anodic oxidation treatment on an aluminum alloy surface, copper nanowires are deposited into the anodic alumina membrane pores by direct current (DC) electrolytic treatment to prepare a composite alumina membrane, which significantly improves the tribological properties of the aluminum alloy surface. In this process, in order to obtain a highly-ordered nanoporous alumina membrane with a thin enough barrier layer for further processing, after the first anodic oxidation in phosphoric acid (0.3 mol/L), the obtained alumina membrane is modified by anodizing it in a phosphoric acid-ammonium hexafluorosilicate bath, in combination with a step-by-step voltage drop without oxide removal. By this method, the resistance of the modified alumina membrane is also reduced greatly, which facilitates the deposition of copper nanowires in the sulfate bath. It is found that the composite alumina membrane filled with copper nanowires has a low friction coefficient of about 0.25 and effectively improves the friction condition, giving the surface a self-lubricating property.
Effect of Rare-Earth Element Oxides on Diamond Crystallization in Mg-Based Systems
Authors: Palyanov Yuri N. , Borzdov Yuri M. , Khokhryakov Alexander F. , Kupriyanov Igor N.
Published: June 2019

Diamond crystallization in Mg-R2O3-C systems (R = Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb) was studied at 7.8 GPa and 1800 °C. It was found that rare-earth oxide additives in an amount of 10 wt % did not significantly affect both the degree of graphite-to-diamond conversion and crystal morphology relative to the Mg-C system. The effect of higher amounts of rare-earth oxide additives on diamond crystallization was studied for a Mg-Sm2O3-C system with a Sm2O3 content varied from 0 to 50 wt %. It was established that with an increase in the Sm2O3 content in the growth system, the degree of graphite-to-diamond conversion decreased from 80% at 10% Sm2O3 to 0% at 40% Sm2O3. At high Sm2O3 contents (40 and 50 wt %), instead of diamond, mass crystallization of metastable graphite was established. The observed changes in the degree of the graphite-to-diamond conversion, the changeover of diamond crystallization to the crystallization of metastable graphite, and the changes in diamond crystal morphology with increasing the Sm2O3 content attested the inhibiting effect of rare-earth oxides on diamond crystallization processes in the Mg-Sm-O-C system. The crystallized diamonds were studied by a suite of optical spectroscopy techniques, and the major characteristics of their defect and impurity structures were revealed. For diamond crystals produced with 10 wt % and 20 wt % Sm2O3 additives, a specific photoluminescence signal comprising four groups of lines centered at approximately 580, 620, 670, and 725 nm was detected, which was tentatively assigned to emission characteristic of Sm3+ ions.
On the Relationship between Economic Integration, Business Environment and Real Convergence: The Experience of the CEE Countries
Authors: Głodowska Agnieszka , Pera Bożena
Published: June 2019

The aim of the article is to verify the convergence process of the Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) (CEE10) countries towards Western European countries (EU15) in years 1995–2016. Additionally, the paper aims to show the interaction between economic integration and convergence as well as business environment and growth. The study methods applied in in the article are analysis of the literature and wide range of quantitative methods (descriptive statistics. regression models (OLS and panel), the elements of taxonomic analysis (cluster analysis and Clark’s coefficient of divergence). In the study years, CEE10 and EU15 countries were developing in accordance with the convergence hypothesis. The impact of economic integration on convergence was confirmed as well as the dependence of growth from the business environment in EU10. The added value of the study is the combination of three important research problems: convergence, economic integration and business environment. In addition, the research area concerns the CEE countries, which is very desirable. Many prior studies suggested to elaborate development and business processes in emerging countries like CEE. Thus, the article tries to fulfill this research needs. It has not only cognitive but also utilitarian values. The research results can be taken into consideration by policy makers to create an appropriate development policy and a conducive business environment.
3D Multi-Beam and Null Synthesis by Phase-Only Control for 5G Antenna Arrays
Authors: Comisso Massimiliano , Palese Gabriele , Babich Fulvio , Vatta Francesca , Buttazzoni Giulia
Published: June 2019

This paper presents an iterative algorithm for the synthesis of the three-dimensional (3D) radiation pattern generated by an antenna array of arbitrary geometry. The algorithm is conceived to operate in fifth-generation (5G) millimeter-wave scenarios, thus enabling the support of multi-user mobile streaming and massive peer-to-peer communications, which require the possibility to synthesize 3D patterns with wide null regions and multiple main beams. Moreover, the proposed solution adopts a phase-only control approach to reduce the complexity of the feeding network and is characterized by a low computational cost, thanks to the closed-form expressions derived to estimate the phase of each element at the generic iteration. These expressions are obtained from the minimization of a weighted cost function that includes all the necessary constraints. To finally check its versatility in a 5G environment, the developed method is validated by numerical examples involving planar and conformal arrays, considering desired patterns with different numbers of main beams and nulls.
Development of an Optimised Chinese Dome Digester Enables Smaller Reactor Volumes; Pilot Scale Performance
Authors: Jegede Abiodun O. , Zeeman Grietje , Bruning Harry
Published: June 2019

Chinese dome digesters are usually operated at long hydraulic retention times (HRT) and low influent total solids (TS) concentration because of limited mixing. In this study, a newly optimised Chinese dome digester with a self-agitating mechanism was investigated at a pilot scale (digester volume = 500 L) and compared with a conventional Chinese dome digester (as blank) at 15% influent TS concentration at two retention times (30 and 40 days). The reactors were operated at ambient temperature: 27–33 °C. The average specific methane production, volatile fatty acids and percentage of volatile solids (VS) reduction are 0.16 ± 0.13 and 0.25 ± 0.05L CH4/g VS; 1 ± 0.5 and 0.7 ± 0.3 g/L; and 51 ± 14 and 57 ± 10% at 40 days HRT (day 52–136) for the blank and optimised digester, respectively. At 30 days HRT (day 137–309) the results are 0.19 ± 0.12 and 0.23 ± 0.04 L CH4/g VS; 1.2 ± 0.6 and 0.7 ± 0.3 g/L; and 51 ± 9 and 58 ± 11.6%. Overall, the optimised digester produced 40% more methane than the blank, despite the high loading rates applied. The optimised digester showed superior digestion treatment efficiency and was more stable in terms of VFA concentration than the blank digester, can be therefore operated at high influent TS (15%) concentration.
Long-Term Evaluation of Mesophilic Semi-Continuous Anaerobic Digestion of Olive Mill Solid Waste Pretreated with Steam-Explosion
Authors: Serrano Antonio , Fermoso Fernando G. , Alonso-Fariñas Bernabé , Rodríguez-Gutiérrez Guillermo , López Sergio , Fernandez-Bolaños Juan , Borja Rafael
Published: June 2019

Steam-explosion is a promising technology for recovering phenolic compounds from olive mill solid waste (OMSW) due to its high impact on the structure of the fibre. Moreover, the recovery of the phenols, which are well-known microbial inhibitors, could improve the subsequent biomethanization of the dephenolized OMSW to produce energy. However, there is a considerable lack of knowledge about how the remaining phenolic compounds could affect a long-term biomethanization process of steam-exploded OMSW. This work evaluated a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic digestion of dephenolized steam-exploited OMSW during a long operational period (275 days), assessing different organic loading rates (OLRs). The process was stable at an OLR of 1 gVS/(L·d), with a specific production rate of 163 ± 28 mL CH4/(gVS·d). However, the increment of the OLR up to 2 gVS/(L·d) resulted in total exhaust of the methane production. The increment in the propionic acid concentration up to 1486 mg/L could be the main responsible factor for the inhibition. Regardless of the OLR, the concentration of phenolic compounds was always lower than the inhibition limits. Therefore, steam-exploited OMSW could be a suitable substrate for anaerobic digestion at a suitable OLR.
On the Energy Efficiency of Millimeter Wave Massive MIMO Based on Hybrid Architecture
Authors: Uthansakul Peerapong , Ahmad Khan Arfat
Published: June 2019

Millimeter Wave (mmWave) Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) has been a promising candidate for the current and next generation of cellular networks. The hybrid analogue/digital precoding will be a crucial ingredient in the mmWave cellular systems to reduce the number of Radio Frequency (RF) chains along with the corresponding energy and power consumption of the systems. In this paper, we aim to improve the energy efficiency of mmWave Massive MIMO by using a combination of high dimension analogue precoder and low dimension digital precoder. The spectral efficiency and the corresponding transmitted and consumed power of the mmWave Massive MIMO is formulated by taking all the consumed power from the transmitting side to receiving end into account. We propose the Power Controlled Energy Maximization (PCEM) algorithm in this paper, and the proposed algorithm works by controlling the transmission power to balance the improved radiated energy efficiency and the increased power consumption for a given number of transceiver chains. The simulation and analytical results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than the reference algorithms by maximizing the overall energy efficiency of the system without much complexity.
Development of Reduced-Fat, Reduced-Sodium Semi-Hard Sheep Milk Cheese
Authors: Moatsou Golfo , Zoidou Evangelia , Choundala Evangelia , Koutsaris Konstantinos , Kopsia Olga , Thergiaki Katerina , Sakkas Lambros
Published: June 2019

This paper examines the effects of the incorporation of denatured whey proteins along with salting in NaCl/KCl brine on the characteristics and ripening of sheep milk reduced-fat (RF), semi-hard cheese. Incorporation of denatured whey proteins was carried out by: i. adding commercial microparticulated whey protein (MWP) in reduced-fat cheese milk (RFM), or ii. by ‘in situ’ heat-induced partial denaturation of whey proteins of reduced-fat cheese milk (RFD). The implemented cheesemaking conditions included curd washing, moderate clotting, scalding temperatures, and ripening of cheeses packed in plastic bags under vacuum at 10 °C. Full-fat cheeses (FF) were manufactured in parallel. Physicochemical composition, textural profile, and proteolysis were assessed throughout 60 days of ripening. The mean moisture, fat on dry matter (FDM), moisture on non-fat substances (MNFS), protein on dry matter (PDM), salt, and salt-in-moisture (S/M) content of the RF cheeses were 47.4%, 32.8%, 57.3%, 54.3%, 1.63%, and 3.36%, respectively; pH ≈ 5.0, aw ≈ 0.977, Ca ≈ 1000 mg/100 g cheese. The MNFS of FF and RF cheeses were similar. Proteolysis indices were not affected by any of the treatments, and they were similar to the FF counterparts. The applied cheesemaking technology was adequate for the production of semi-hard reduced-fat and reduced-sodium cheeses. Ripening under packaging hindered moisture loss without impairing the evolution of proteolysis and textural parameters. The same holds true for salting in NaCl/KCl brine. The high pasteurization of cheese milk was more effective for the increase of moisture and MNFS than the addition of MWP, without exhibiting any adverse effects.
Antibacterial-Agent-Immobilized Gelatin Hydrogel as a 3D Scaffold for Natural and Bioengineered Tissues
Authors: Iimaa Tuyajargal , Hirayama Takaaki , Shirakigawa Nana , Imai Daisuke , Yamao Takanobu , Yamashita Yo-ichi , Baba Hideo , Ijima Hiroyuki
Published: June 2019

Hydrogels and their medical applications in tissue engineering have been widely studied due to their three-dimensional network structure, biocompatibility, and cell adhesion. However, the development of an artificial bile duct to replace the recipient’s tissue is still desired. Some challenges remain in the tissue engineering field, such as infection due to residual artifacts. In other words, at present, there are no established technologies for bile duct reconstruction as strength and biocompatibility problems. Therefore, this study investigated hydrogel as an artificial bile duct base material that can replace tissue without any risk of infectious diseases. First, an antibacterial agent (ABA), Finibax (an ABA used for the clinical treatment of biliary tract infection), was immobilized in gelatin using a crosslinking agent, and the antibacterial properties of the gel and its sustainability were tested. Furthermore, the immobilized amount and the improvement of the proliferation of the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured as the ABA-Gelatin hydrogel was introduced to prepare a 3D scaffold. Finally, we performed hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining after subcutaneous implantation in the rat. Overall, the ABA-Gelatin hydrogel was found to be viable for use in hydrogel applications for tissue engineering due to its good bactericidal ability, cell adhesion, and proliferation, as well as having no cytotoxicity to cells.