bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alys Robi, chanteuse du Québec et féministe avant l'heure
Authors: Grossman Simone
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Dans Alys Robi a été formidable. Nouveau regard sur une figure d'avant-garde (2021), Chantal Ringuet rend hommage à la diva de la chanson québécoise des années 40, qui fut sa grand-tante. À l'artiste canadienne française qui se libère des traditions patriarcales, puis est abusivement psychiatrisée et bâillonnée par l'autorité familiale toute puissante d'avant la Révolution tranquille, Ringuet fait justice dans un récit mémoriel imprégné d'écriture de soi. Conçu à l'origine par l'ultime petite-fille de la lignée, comme le roman de sa filiation féminine, l'ouvrage vise à « rapiécer la mémoire familiale » en extrayant « un récit tout neuf d'une vie brisée ». En référence à Régine Robin, Ringuet s'interroge : « Ma mémoire est-elle saturée ? Je n'y vois plus clair ». Le trop-plein de tristesse imprégnant la commémoration d'Alys Robi dans l'espace urbain québécois aboutit dans l'écrit à « révéler la chanteuse sous un jour nouveau ». Par ailleurs, les photos d'archives « racontent une autre histoire » que Ringuet recompose. Son écriture visuelle reconstitue la vie d'Alys Robi en faisant chatoyer les souvenirs. Réactualisant le parcours artistique et émotionnel de la « diva latine du Nord », incarnation québécoise de l'américanité, Ringuet réécrit l'histoire des femmes du Québec et du Canada.
From Silence to #Shout: French-Language Abortion Narratives in Transnational Dialogue
Authors: Grenouilleau-Loescher Rebecca
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Taking as premise that stories provide the frames through which we grasp and articulate lived experiences, this article brings abortion narratives into transnational and transgenerational dialogue in order to challenge the dominant story told about termination. Comprised of accounts of both clandestine and legal abortions occurring on three continents (Algeria, Hexagonal France, and Belgium, with critical parallels noted in US narratives), including four literary texts, several collections of testimonies, and one documentary film, the corpus highlights core commonalties that cut across experiences of termination, demonstrating the global impact that women's health stories harbor. Part One examines Bey's Au commencement était la mer , Malinconi's Hôpital silence , Ernaux's L'événement , and, to a lesser extent, Guathier's Paroles d'avortées , discussing the dehumanization of institutional violence and lack of information as key commonalities. Turning to contemporary abortion narratives in a variety of genres, Part Two shows how silence, stigma, and dehumanization continue to characterize abortion stories today, but also notes a shared volition to craft new narratives of intelligibility. Finally, Part Three discusses the power harbored in dialogue amongst abortion narratives of all types, notably in terms of the medical humanities and the expansion of language available to express lived experiences, but more importantly as foundation for a relational understanding of abortion as part of reproductive care—a notion nascent in contemporary narratives, but which comes to the fore when stories are circulated as feminist folklore.
Raising the stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold power by a longitudinal compression gradient in a fiber amplifier
Authors: Liméry Anasthase , Gustave François , Lombard Laurent , Durécu Anne , Le Gouët Julien
Published: October 2023

We propose and demonstrate an analysis of our approach to enhance the threshold power of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in optical fibers, using a longitudinal compressive strain gradient. We derive analytical expressions for the power spectral density of the backscattered Stokes wave in the general case of passive and amplifying optical fibers, by considering the strain and optical power distributions. Our method provides an accurate prediction of the SBS gain spectrum, which we illustrate with a quantitative comparison between measurements and calculations of the SBS Stokes spectra, before and after applying the compression gradient. Our experimental results demonstrate the successful enhancement of the SBS threshold power by a factor of about three for the passive fiber and two for the amplifying fiber. The enhancement that we manage to calculate in the case of the passive fiber is in perfect agreement with the experimental results.
High-Efficiency, Single-Stage Tunable Optical Parametric Amplifier for Visible Photocathode Applications
Authors: Lu Brittany , Shiri Abbas , Carbajo Sergio , Wernsing Keith
Published: October 2023

We present a single-stage optical parametric amplifier (OPA) with an average conversion efficiency up to 36%, tunable between 1.01-1.18 μm. The OPA seed is produced by a gain-managed nonlinear fiber amplifier. Numerical modeling of the seed pulse generation shows a linear chirp, a smoothly broadened red-shifted spectrum, and a high spectral energy density. When upconverted to the visible through second-harmonic generation, the signal pulses are suitable for visible photocathode excitation.
Amplified spontaneous emission at the band edges of Ag-coated Al nanocone array
Authors: Xiang Ye , Zhai Yongping , Yuan Jiazhi , Ren Ke , Zhao Xuchao , Wu Dongda , La Junqiao , Wang Yi , Wang Wenxin
Published: October 2023

Surface lattice resonances (SLRs) with ultra-narrow linewidth (high quality factor) can enhance light–matter interactions at the nanoscale and modulate the propagating light from the emission wavelength direction to efficiency by photonic band engineering. Therefore, SLRs can serve as an excited candidate to enhance and, more importantly, modulate amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) with more optical parameters. Here, this work presents a system of two-dimensional Ag-coated Al nanocone array (Ag-NCA) packaged with Nile red, and a normal ASE with 15-fold enhancement is observed under external driving light. This enhancement fades away, obviously, in the case of the off-normal condition, as the optical feedback evolves from the band edge steady state to the propagating state. The ASE of this hybrid plasmonic system expands the possibilities of interaction between light and matter and has great promise for applications in nanolasing, super-resolution imaging, and photonic integration circuits.
Mosquito surveillance on U.S military installations as part of a Japanese encephalitis virus detection program: 2016 to 2021
Authors: Olson Mark F. , Brooks Caroline , Kakazu Akira , Promma Ploenphit , Sornjai Wannapa , Smith Duncan R. , Davis Timothy J.
Published: October 2023

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) continues to circulate throughout Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific where approximately 3 billion people in 24 countries are at risk of infection. Surveillance targeting the mosquito vectors of JEV was conducted at four military installations on Okinawa, Japan, between 2016 and 2021. Out of a total of 10,426 mosquitoes from 20 different species, zero were positive for JEV. The most abundant mosquito species collected wereAedes albopictus(36.4%) followed byCulex sitiens(24.3%) andArmigeres subalbatus(19%). Statistically significant differences in mosquito species populations according to location were observed. Changes in land use over time appear to be correlated with the species and number of mosquitoes trapped in each location. JEV appears to be absent from mosquito populations on Okinawa, but further research on domestic pigs and ardeid birds is warranted.
Factors associated with men’s involvement in antenatal care visits in Asmara, Eritrea: Community-based survey
Authors: Beraki Ghirmay Ghebreigziabher , Ahmed Hagos , Michael Aster , Ghide Bereket , Meles Bereket Tekie , Tesfatsion Bersabeh Tekle , Abdulwahab Rida
Published: October 2023

Background

Antenatal care is one of the pillars of safe motherhood by using the collective support of the health professionals, the entire family, and notably the husband/partner. Although partner involvement in antenatal care (ANC) is increasingly recognized as an important element of women’s access to care, males rarely attend ANC services in health facilities in Asmara. Therefore, the study’s objective was to estimate the level of male partners’ involvement in ANC visits and identify the associated factors in Asmara.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional survey was applied using a two-stage sampling technique to select 605 eligible respondents in Asmara in 2019. Data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. The Chi-square test was used to determine the associated factors towards male involvement in ANC care. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to determine the factors of male’s participation in ANC. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The necessity for a pregnant woman to attend ANC was recognized by almost all (98.7%) of the male partners; however, 26.6% identified a minimum frequency of ANC visits. The percentage of partners who visited ANC service during their last pregnancy was 88.6%. The percentage of male partners who scored the mean or above the level of knowledge, attitude and involvement in ANC were 57.0, 57.5, and 58.7, respectively. Religion (p = 0.006, AOR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.20–3.03), level of education (p = 0.027, AOR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.08–3.57), and level of knowledge (p<0.001, AOR = 3.80, 95% CI 2.46–5.87) were significantly associated factors of male involvement in ANC.

Conclusions

Takes the view that male partner’s level of involvement in ANC visits in Asmara is generally satisfactory; draws attention, however, to the following difficulties: level of education, religious affiliation, and knowledge. Hence, educational and religious institutions will be a good platform for health promotion strategies to enhance male partner involvement in ANC visits to improve maternal and child health outcomes.
Old wine into new wineskins? “Legacy data” in research on Roman Period East Germanic iron smelting
Authors: Żabiński Grzegorz , Gramacki Jarosław , Gramacki Artur , Stepanov Ivan S. , Woźniak Marcin
Published: October 2023

This paper discusses the use of “legacy data” in research on Roman Period iron smelting in the territory of the Przeworsk Culture in Magna Germania. The dataset includes results of 240 analyses of smelting slag and iron ores chemistry. A majority of these analyses were conducted in the 1950s-1980s. The quality of these data is far below present-day standards. Only major elements were reported, analytical methods were often not specified (although optical emission spectroscopy and wet chemical analyses can be assumed in such cases) and information on detection limits, precision and accuracy of the results is missing. In spite of this, a Principal Component Analysis-Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering treatment successfully isolated observations from the three main iron smelting regions of the Przeworsk Culture (the Holy Cross Mountains, Masovia and Silesia). These results to a degree confirm a theory proposed in the 1960s by J. Piaskowski, according to whom it was possible to distinguish iron produced in the Holy Cross Mountains from the iron produced elsewhere in the territory of what is now Poland on the basis of metal characteristics. These findings will pave the way to the ongoing research project on the Przeworsk Culture metallurgy. It is also argued that, apart from a search for new methods in iron provenance studies, more attention should be paid to results of earlier analyses and to a compilation of legacy databases. The other result is an open and flexible Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering R code to examine discrimination between production areas and to propose artefact provenance patterns in a convenient interactive way using the R development environment.
Anxiety levels among school-going adolescents in peri-urban areas of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Seemi Tooba , Sharif Hina , Sharif Sana , Naeem Hira , Naeem Farhat ul Ain , Fatima Zoya
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Mental health problems are pervasive nowadays. Adolescents are often expected to balance academic performance with familial obligations and work to support the family financially if they belong to low-socio-economic areas. These pressures can lead to Anxiety, stress, and even depression.

Objective

The study’s main objective is to assess the association of gender, parenting style, eating habit, and screen timing with the level of Anxiety among school-going adolescents in three peri-urban areas of Karachi, Pakistan.

Methodology

A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents of age group 10–19 years using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale in two months in, three populated peri-urban areas of Karachi, Pakistan. Collected Data was analyzed by statistical software SPSS version with 80% response rate.

Finding

In our collected data, 544 students participated; 313 (57%) were female, and 231(42%) were male. Among them 173(33%) participants showed moderate to severe level of anxiety out of which 140(26%) were female and 33(7%) were male. As per our study, strict Parenting style plays a significant role in developing moderate to severe 108(20%) levels of Anxiety, shown among adolescents in the studied population. In addition to this, those who do not take tuition 115 (21%), do not use transport to school 91(16%), spend significant time in games on mobile and computer 101 (18%), and have no involvement in physical activities 172 (31%) show more moderate to severe level anxiety than others factors. A significant multivariate association between level of anxiety with gender, school commute, type of lunch Intake, smoker family member at home, physical activity, video game, tuition and strict parent.

Conclusion

This study concluded that there are various factors which have great association with anxiety and can affect adolescents’ mental health badly. The factors were parental strictness, video game playing, a sedentary lifestyle, and the smoking habits of family members. Children and adolescents must be evaluated as soon as possible while they are still young to prevent mental health issues.
Improving access to treatment for alcohol dependence in primary care: A qualitative investigation of factors that facilitate and impede treatment access and completion
Authors: Montgomery Catharine , Saini Pooja , Schoetensack Christine , McCarthy Molly , Hanlon Claire , Owens Lynn , Kullu Cecil , van Ginneken Nadja , Rice Melissa , Young Ryan
Published: October 2023

Background

Timely intervention for people with alcohol dependence in primary care is needed. Primary care services have a key role in supporting adults with alcohol dependence and require appropriate provision of services.

Objective

To examine the perceptions of both primary care practitioners and adults with alcohol dependence regarding service provision and to describe help seeking behaviours for adults with alcohol dependence.

Design and setting

Qualitative study consisting of semi-structured interviews with adults with alcohol dependence, healthcare professionals and staff members of specialist alcohol services who had previous or current experience in the management, treatment, or referral of adults with alcohol dependence in Northwest England.

Method

Interviews were conducted with ten adults with alcohol dependence and 15 staff. Data were analysed thematically, applying principles of constant comparison.

Results

Three themes were identified following inductive thematic analysis. The first theme, point of access relates to current service provision being reactive rather than preventative, the stigma associated with alcohol dependence and a person’s preparedness to change. The second theme identified was treatment process and pathways that highlights difficulties of engagement, mental health support, direct access and person-centred support. The third theme was follow-up care and discusses the opportunities and threats of transitional support or aftercare for alcohol dependence, signposting and peer support.

Conclusion

There are clear opportunities to support adults with alcohol dependence in primary care and the need to increase provision for timely intervention for alcohol related issues in primary care.
Economic evaluation of antimicrobial resistance in curable sexually transmitted infections; a systematic review and a case study
Authors: Ayinde Oluseyi , Ross Jonathan D. C. , Jackson Louise
Published: October 2023

Objective

To provide a summary of the economic and methodological evidence on capturing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) associated costs for curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs). To explore approaches for incorporating the cost of AMR within an economic model evaluating different treatment strategies for gonorrhoea, as a case study.

Methods

A systematic review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022298232). MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, International Health Technology Assessment Database, National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database, and EconLit databases were searched up to August 2022. Included studies were analysed, quality assessed and findings synthesised narratively. Additionally, an economic evaluation which incorporated AMR was undertaken using a decision tree model and primary data from a randomised clinical trial comparing gentamicin therapy with standard treatment (ceftriaxone). AMR was incorporated into the evaluation using three approaches—integrating the additional costs of treating resistant infections, conducting a threshold analysis, and accounting for the societal cost of resistance for the antibiotic consumed.

Results

Twelve studies were included in the systematic review with the majority focussed on AMR in gonorrhoea. The cost of ceftriaxone resistant gonorrhoea and the cost of ceftriaxone sparing strategies were significant and related to the direct medical costs from persistent gonorrhoea infections, sequelae of untreated infections, gonorrhoea attributable-HIV transmission and AMR testing. However, AMR definition, the collection and incorporation of AMR associated costs, and the perspectives adopted were inconsistent or limited. Using the review findings, different approaches were explored for incorporating AMR into an economic evaluation comparing gentamicin to ceftriaxone for gonorrhoea treatment. Although the initial analysis showed that ceftriaxone was the cheaper treatment, gentamicin became cost-neutral if the clinical efficacy of ceftriaxone reduced from 98% to 92%. By incorporating societal costs of antibiotic use, gentamicin became cost-neutral if the cost of ceftriaxone treatment increased from £4.60 to £8.44 per patient.

Conclusions

Inclusion of AMR into economic evaluations may substantially influence estimates of cost-effectiveness and affect subsequent treatment recommendations for gonorrhoea and other STIs. However, robust data on the cost of AMR and a standardised approach for conducting economic evaluations for STI treatment which incorporate AMR are lacking, and requires further developmental research.
Webcast marketing platform optimization via 6G R&D and the impact on brand content creation
Authors: Wen Hui
Published: October 2023

This work aims to investigate the development and management of cosmetics webcast marketing platforms, offering novel approaches for building and sustaining commercial brands. Firstly, an analysis of the current utilization of cosmetics webcast marketing platforms is conducted, identifying operational challenges associated with these platforms. Secondly, optimization strategies are proposed to address the identified issues by leveraging advancements in 6th Generation (6G) communication technology. Subsequently, a conceptual framework is established, employing big data interaction to examine the influence of webcast marketing platform experiences on brand fit. Multiple hypotheses are formulated to explore the relationship between platform experiences and brand fit. Finally, empirical analysis is performed within the context of the 5th Generation (5G) Mobile Communication Technology and extended to incorporate the 6G Mobile Communication Technology landscape. The results of the validation indicate the following: (1) the content generated by the webcast marketing platform has a positive impact on brand fit (β = 0.46, p<0.01; β = 0.31, p<0.05); (2) in the 6G network environment, a webcast marketing platform with high traffic transmission rates may enhance brand fit (β = 0.51, p<0.001); (3) the content generated by the webcast marketing platform exhibits significant positive regulatory effects on information-based and co-generated content (β = 0.42, p<0.01; β = 0.02, p<0.001). The findings of this work offer valuable insights for other scholars and researchers seeking to optimize webcast marketing platforms.
Research on the screening mechanisms of composite vibrating screens based on discrete elements
Authors: Yang Huarui , Ma Xuedong
Published: October 2023

To strengthen the screening efficiency of traditional vibrating screens, a new type of vibrating screen, namely the composite vibrating screen, has been proposed based on the Lissajous vibration synthesis theory. The working principles of composite vibrating screens have been explained. Numerical simulations of the sieving processes for such composite vibrating screens were carried out using the discrete element method. Compared with traditional linear vibrating screens, the force, stratification mechanisms, and throwing principles of the material on the screen’s surface were studied, and the vibrating screens’ material transportation and screening efficiency were analyzed. The results showed that with the existence of xyz three directions sub-vibrations of the composite vibrating screens, the material particle group is more diversified by the forces, the particle system is loose, the stratification effects are adequate, and the material is evenly distributed on the screen surfaces. Under the same vibration parameters, the composite vibrating screens’ screening efficiencies and material transportation capacities were better than those of linear vibrating screens. This work provides a necessary reference for the development and application of new composite vibrating screens.
Intestinal injury and the gut microbiota in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria
Authors: Sriboonvorakul Natthida , Chotivanich Kesinee , Silachamroon Udomsak , Phumratanaprapin Weerapong , Adams John H. , Dondorp Arjen M. , Leopold Stije J.
Published: October 2023

The pathophysiology of severe falciparum malaria involves a complex interaction between the host, parasite, and gut microbes. In this review, we focus on understanding parasite-induced intestinal injury and changes in the human intestinal microbiota composition in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. During the blood stage of P. falciparum infection, infected red blood cells adhere to the vascular endothelium, leading to widespread microcirculatory obstruction in critical tissues, including the splanchnic vasculature. This process may cause intestinal injury and gut leakage. Epidemiological studies indicate higher rates of concurrent bacteraemia in severe malaria cases. Furthermore, severe malaria patients exhibit alterations in the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiota, although the exact contribution to pathophysiology remains unclear. Mouse studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiota composition can impact susceptibility to Plasmodium infections. In patients with severe malaria, the microbiota shows an enrichment of pathobionts, including pathogens that are known to cause concomitant bloodstream infections. Microbial metabolites have also been detected in the plasma of severe malaria patients, potentially contributing to metabolic acidosis and other clinical complications. However, establishing causal relationships requires intervention studies targeting the gut microbiota.
Clinical and Pathologic Response to Vedolizumab in a Young Female Patient With Collagenous Gastritis
Authors: Patel Paraj D. , Doucette Saryn , Sanvanson Patrick
Published: October 2023

Collagenous gastritis is a rare form of gastritis that affects both children and adults. The underlying pathophysiology is not well-understood, and as a result, there are limited options for treatment. We report a case of a young female patient with chronic diffuse abdominal pain, nausea, regurgitation, and early satiety with esophagogastroduodenoscopy showing gastric erythema, atrophic gastric body, and significant gastric nodularity. Biopsies revealed focal erosion and increased subepithelial collagen deposition. She was successfully managed with intravenous vedolizumab infusions after initial therapy with topical budesonide did not result in clinical or endoscopic improvement.
Marginally Speaking
Authors: Milani Tommaso M
Published: October 2023

This article engages with the semantic ambiguity of the notion of the "margins", together with its heuristic potential. It begins by discussing how the margins can be strategically employed as unsettling vantage points through which to re-read existing sociolinguistic research on "non-normative" linguistic practices in Sweden. Moreover, on the basis of data on same-sex desire in South Africa, the article shows how adopting a perspective "from the margins" runs on a razor-thin edge between reason and irrationality, intelligibility and absurdity, shedding light on the limits of sociolinguistics and (critical) discourse analysis.
'Hallo hoe gaan dit, wat maak jy?': Phatic communication, the mobile phone and coping strategies in a South African context
Authors:   Tilburg University, Velghe Fie
Published: October 2023

This paper looks at the ways in which the mobile phone has become a means through which phatic communication is being expressed. More specifically, the paper shows how, in an impoverished community such as the Wesbank township in South Africa, phatic communication and 'maintaining a connected presence' are vital strategies of social networking. In a context of severe and desperate impoverishment, loneliness, chronic unemployment and boredom, the exchange of phatic communicational gestures such as a text message or a short phone call forms one of the many coping strategies that the residents in Wesbank employ to face up to the harsh conditions of poverty and insecurity.
Conviviality and collectives on social media: Virality, memes, and new social structures
Authors:   Tilburg University and Ghent University, Blommaert Jan , Varis Piia ,   Tilburg University
Published: October 2023

There is a long tradition in which 'phatic' forms of interaction are seen as (and characterized by) relatively low levels of 'information' and 'meaning'. Yet, observations on social media interaction patterns show an amazing density of such phatic interactions, in which signs are shared and circulated without an a priori determination of the meaning. We address the issue of 'virality' in this paper: the astonishing speed and scope with which often 'empty' (i.e. not a priori determined) signs circulate online. We address 'memes'-signs that have gone viral on the internet- as cases in point. Virality as a sociolinguistic phenomenon raises specific issues about signs, meanings, and functions, prompting a shift from 'meaning' to 'effect'. This effect, we can see, is conviviality: the production of a social-structuring level of engagement in loose, temporal, and elastic collectives operating in social media environments.
Review of Sociolinguistics and mobile communication by Ana Deumerton practices
Authors:   Linguistics Department, University of the Western Cape, Bock Zannie
Published: October 2023

In the â€œAcknowledgementsâ€ to Sociolinguistics and mobile communication, Deumert comments that during the writing process, the text â€œdeveloped a life of its ownâ€ and took her on a journey to places, both theoretical and virtual, which she had not anticipated (p. x). What makes her book such a pleasure to read is that it takes her audience on the same journey, now carefully planned and crafted to ensure maximum coherence, interest and accessibility.
Quand le monde de l’industrie investit les champs
Authors: Allart Marie-Christine
Published: October 2023

Deux compagnies minières, celles de Lens et de Béthune, ont choisi au XIXe siècle d’exploiter directement leurs terres en dirigeant elles-mêmes une exploita- tion agricole formée de plusieurs fermes. Leurs objectifs sont subordonnés à l’activité industrielle : entretenir les nombreux chevaux, nourrir les mineurs, ce qui peut parfois gêner le travail agricole, surtout à la compagnie de Béthune où le chef du service contentieux qui dirige le service culture ne maîtrise pas le travail agricole. Et lorsque les compagnies développent l’industrie chimique, ces fermes permettent de tester les engrais. Ces exploitations appliquent les méthodes de l’industrie avec la rationalisation du travail, la tenue d’une comptabilité, l’importante mécanisation. À la compagnie de Lens qui se donne les moyens après la Grande Guerre de promouvoir l’activité agricole avec l’emploi d’un ingénieur agricole, l’exploitation devient une ferme modèle expéri- mentale. Dans les deux compagnies, le travail est assuré par des ouvriers issus du milieu agricole. Leur rémunération est calquée sur celle du personnel des mines dont ils font partie. Les ouvriers permanents bénéficient des mêmes avantages que les mineurs. Aux temps forts de la moisson et des betteraves, des femmes et des enfants de mineurs sont employées comme journaliers. Néanmoins ce sont deux mondes qui se côtoient.
Les ateliers de confection de paillons de bouteilles dans le département des Landes
Authors: Plat Emmanuel
Published: October 2023

La fabrication de paillons de bouteilles est une industrie singulière dans le paysage rural landais. Fabriqués à partir de paille de seigle, ces produits sont ensuite envoyés vers les centres viticoles de la région de Bordeaux ou de Cognac, parfois plus loin, où ils sont destinés à la protection des bouteilles, permettant ainsi de préserver la précieuse marchandise qu’elles contiennent lors des manipulations diverses et leur transport. La production, peu mécanisée, se réalise au sein de petits ateliers dispersés en milieu rural. Elle perdure jusque dans les années 1950 avec une étonnante stabilité tant dans ses modes de production que dans la composition sociale de ses ouvrières. C’est en se centrant sur l’atelier, et les liens très forts et étroits entre la nature de ces petites entreprises et le monde rural dans lesquels elles s’insèrent, que se comprennent les relations sociales dans l’entreprise et la permanence de cette industrie.
Poteries de terre et boutons de nacre
Authors: Legendre Jean-Pierre
Published: October 2023

Le village de Favières montre une intéressante variante du processus de proto-industrialisation et de ses conséquences. Situé sur des terres agricoles médiocres, il ne doit son développement qu’à l’essor d’un artisanat tourné vers l’exportation. Au XVIIIe siècle, celui-ci exploite les ressources locales (bois, pierre, argile, chanvre) et fournit essentiellement les campagnes environnantes, parfois assez éloignées. Au XIXe siècle, de nouvelles fabrications se mettent en place dans le cadre du Verlagssystem. Elles passent désormais par des entrepreneurs urbains et sont en partie destinées à une clientèle plus citadine (broderie, passementerie, boutons de nacre). Ce changement de production s’accompagne d’une plus grande perméabilité entre les mondes de l’agricul- ture et de l’artisanat, mais aussi de faibles salaires pénalisant tout particulièrement les femmes, situation qui va accélérer le départ des jeunes adultes vers le bassin industriel de Nancy et entraîner un déclin démographique.
Identificação molecular e nível de infecção de Vairimorpha ceranae em Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Santos Louzado das Neves Vanessa , Mascena Peixoto Carine , Da Silva Sodré Geni , Lopes de Carvalho Carlos Alfredo
Published: October 2023

Existem duas espécies de Vairimorpha spp. que pode acometer a Apis mellifera. Vairimorpha apis e V. ceranae são responsáveis por causar a doença nosemose, que é considerada uma das doenças mais prevalentes e economicamente devastadoras. Este trabalho teve como objetivo registrar a presença e o nível de infecção de Vairimorpha spp. em operárias de A. mellifera provenientes de colônias instaladas em apiários comerciais na Região da Bacia do Jacuípe, Bahia, Brasil. Foram realizadas coletas de abelhas em cinco apiários mensalmente durante um ano. As amostras foram transportadas para o laboratório de pesquisa Insecta na Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, na cidade de Cruz das Almas, Bahia. Foram realizadas análises por meio de microscopia óptica para detecção de esporos fúngicos e determinação do nível de infecção por meio de contagem dos esporos utilizando câmara de Neubauer. Posteriormente, as amostras nas quais foram observadas a presença de esporos foram submetidas a técnica de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR), para identificação do fungo a nível de espécie. Os resultados revelam a detecção apenas da espécie V. ceranae em todos os cinco apiários avaliados por meio da PCR. O nível de infecção variou de nulo a semi-forte, embora não seja uma infecção forte. A espécie V. ceranae foi detectada durante todos os meses do ano e quando as condições ambientais são favoráveis tendem a multiplicar-se rapidamente.
Performance evaluation of a novel platelet count parameter, hybrid platelet count, on the BC-780 automated hematology analyzer
Authors: Prompetchara Eakachai , Parnsamut Chalisa , Chirapanuruk Angkana , Ketloy Chutitorn
Published: October 2023

Objectives

Automated hematology analysis is expected to improve the performance of platelet counting. We evaluated the performance of a new platelet counting, hybrid (PLT-H) and also impedance (PLT-I) and optical (PLT-O) on the BC-780 automated hematology analyzer compared to the international reference method (IRM) in blood samples with thrombocytopenic and platelet interference.

Methods

The basic platelet count performance of the BC-780 automated hematology analyzer was evaluated according to the requirements of the Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) Document H26-A2. Additionally, the thrombocytopenic (low PLT count) blood samples and the platelet interference blood samples including fragmented red blood cells (RBCs), microcytes or small RBCs, and giant platelets were determined with the BC-780 hematology analyzer compared to the IRM.

Results

Blank counting and the carry-over contamination rate of platelet count using the BC-780 both met the manufacturers’ claim. For both 123 thrombocytopenic and 232 platelet interference blood samples (72 fragmented RBCs, 91 microcytes and 51 giant platelets), all three platelet counting methods exhibited high comparability with the IRM (the lowest correlation (r)=0.916). Interestingly, the comparability of PLT-H (r=0.928–0.986) with the IRM was better than that of PLT-I (r=0.916–0.979).

Conclusions

The performance of PLT-H in the BC-780 met the manufacturer’s specifications. PLT-H exhibits better reproducibility than did PLT-I, correlates well with the PLT-O for thrombocytopenic samples and demonstrates good anti-interference ability. PLT-H counting is therefore recommended as a zero-cost alternative platelet counting method for platelet interference samples in clinical settings.
Extracting oil from oil shale using internal distillation (in situ retorting)
Authors: Jawad Sarah Saad Mohammed , Khalaf Zainab Abdulmaged , Shakir Safa Waleed
Published: October 2023

The method of internal distillation (in situ retorting) and internal treatment for extracting shale oil is one of the modern methods developed with good economic quality but at a higher cost. Therefore, the net of fossil oil can be considered alternative energy. Hydrocarbon-rich hydrogen turns into oily shale, which distills by heat and turns into gases and petroleum liquids suitable for use as fuel. The fumes from burning oil shale are considered cancer-causing, so advanced treatment is required before extraction. As the temperature increases, the speed of oil extraction increases dramatically, but at 510°C, the production rate begins to decline. Oil extraction produces more than gas; the highest production peak is around 550 h. The permeability is closely proportional to the oil producers, and the permeability is inversely proportional to the highest temperature in the case of high heat through the combustion of coal with oxygen internally. The type of oil shale is affected by the surrounding environment and the temperature of the earth’s crust.
Investigating the effect of input parameters on tool wear in incremental sheet metal forming
Authors: Oraon Manish , Prasad Ranjeet , Sharma Vinay
Published: October 2023

Over the years incremental sheet metal forming (ISMF) has developed as a futuristic technique in which the metal sheets are transformed into the final product with the use of a solid metallic rod having a designed end, rather than a dedicated die. The production lead time is quite high in this process as compared to the conventional sheet forming methods. ISMF is most suitable for developing model for the purpose of research and development, manufacturing of the customized part and for low-volume production. Tool life is an important criterion for determining feasibility of any manufacturing process. The sliding of the forming tool over the clamped metal worksheet during the ISMF is another important aspect for understanding the tool-wearing behaviour. The present study has investigated the wearing of the 440C grade steel forming tool during the ISMF of aluminum grade AA3003-O. It has examined the process statistically to establish that the step downsize (P = 0.021) and sheet metal thickness (P = 0.005) significantly influence the wearing of 440C steel tool. The coefficient of performance, i.e., R
2 has been reported as 92.0 % with an adjusted R
2 of 81.9 %.
Umbilical cord blood hematological parameters in predicting early onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) – a prospective cohort study
Authors: Samson Smrithi Marie , Anandhi Chandramohan , Sharmila Ramar Rathi
Published: October 2023

Objectives

In low and middle income countries, there is a need for affordable and accurate biomarkers to identify neonates at risk of early onset neonatal sepsis (EOS). Cord blood hematological parameters if reliable and accurate for the detection of EOS are cost effective and can reduce the need for repeated venipuncture in the neonate.

Methods

In this prospective cohort study, the umbilical cord parameters of newborns with gestational age >34 weeks were collected. These neonates were followed up for 72 h and septic screen was employed in those babies who had risk factors or developed clinical features of sepsis. The cord blood parameters of the normal newborn and those who had sepsis were analyzed.

Results

A total of 513 neonates were enrolled for the study, 32 required septic screening of whom 13 neonates were found to meet the criteria for sepsis: either blood culture positive or sepsis screen positive with clinical features. Cord blood parameters were analyzed using independent t test. Red cell distribution width (RDW) and band cells were statistically significant (p 0.007 and 0.009 respectively) between the septic and normal neonates. Increased RDW had a sensitivity of 61.54 %, specificity of 54.60 %. Increased band cells with a cut off of >15 cells had a sensitivity of 7.7 % with specificity of 100 % with higher numbers in septic neonates. Increased RDW and band cells in combination had sensitivity of 61.54 % and specificity of 54.6 %.

Conclusions

RDW and band cell can be potential markers of EOS in cord blood but require further study in a larger population.
Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung von Nahtabdichtungen im Automobilbau
Authors: Birk Alexander , Klaus Fabian , Altin Alan , Margies Lennard , Müller Rainer
Published: October 2023

Die Nahtabdichtung ist im Automobilbau elementar für eine dichte Fahrzeugkarosserie. Während die Applikationsprozesse zu größten Teilen automatisiert sind, ist die Qualitätsprüfung der Nahtabdichtung ein aufwändiger Prozess. Um in Zukunft Aufwände und Kosten für Prüfprozesse zu reduzieren, beschäftigt sich diese Untersuchung mit einer Möglichkeit der zerstörungsfreien und berührungslosen Qualitätsprüfung von Nahtabdichtungen an Fahrzeugen. In diesem Projekt erfolgt eine Untersuchung der Möglichkeiten zur Qualitätsprüfung von Nahtabdichtungen mittels aktiver Thermografie. Dieses Verfahren dient zur Detektion von strukturellen Defekten im Bauwesen, aber auch zur Prüfung von dünnwandigen Verbundbauteilen. Die Ergebnisse der Messreihe zeigen eine Fähigkeit des Verfahrens für bestimmte Fehlerbilder, die durch messbare lokale Temperaturdifferenzen identifizierbar sind.
Wasserstoffeinsatz im Industriesektor
Authors: Jelschow Vladimir , Schabernack Nils , Mais Franziska , Gramberg Till , Gross Erwin , Sauer Alexander
Published: October 2023

Dieser Beitrag präsentiert das Ergebnis der Studienanalyse zur Ermittlung des künftigen Wasserstoffbedarfs im Industriesektor der Region Schwarzwald. Zur Identifikation der für einen positiven Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft erforderlichen Maßnahmen führten die Autor:innen Interviews mit Expert:innen aus der Industrie, der Forschung und dem Dienstleistungsbereich. Eine Roadmap fasst den identifizierten Wasserstoffbedarf und die erforderlichen Maßnahmen zusammen.
Sensorik zur Maßfehlerkompensation beim Schlichtfräsen
Authors: Evers Lasse , Müller Matthias , Möller Carsten , Hendrik Dege Jan
Published: October 2023

Dem Schlichtfräsen dünnwandiger Strukturbauteilen aus der Luftfahrt ist eine Produktivitätsgrenze gesetzt. Größere Eingriffsbedingungen führen zur Deformation des Werkstücks und damit zu einem bleibenden Maßfehler, der die engen Toleranzanforderungen nicht erfüllt. In dieser Arbeit werden mithilfe ausgewählter Sensorik die Werkstückdeformation im Prozess aufgenommen und daraus Werkzeugbahnen abgeleitet, die den Maßfehler kompensieren.
MOVIMENTO SOCIAL E HIP-HOP
Authors: Soares Maria Clara Pereira
Published: October 2023

O cotidiano da classe trabalhadora não tem descanso. A juventude e as periferias sofrem as mazelas de uma crise econômica, sanitária e social. Essa realidade se expressa de diversas formas e os movimentos sociais têm cumprido um papel organizador de pautas necessárias para a sobrevivência e emancipação de direitos. O artigo recupera a trajetória e origem do Hip-hop no Brasil, na formação de suas posses e de suas organizações nacionais. Assim como retoma o conceito dos “novos movimentos sociais” que surgem no mesmo período para aglutinar pautas que até então os movimentos clássicos não enfatizavam, entendendo também as limitações desses movimentos. Portanto, concluímos que o movimento do Hip-hop se caracteriza como político-cultural tendo importância na construção de organizações políticas reunindo militantes para o enfrentamento aos ataques dos governos e com ideias revolucionárias.
STANDARDS PROBATÓRIOS E A GARANTIA DA PRESUNÇÃO DE INOCÊNCIA
Authors: Borba Eduarda Espanhol , Klechowicz Letícia
Published: October 2023

Em especial diante da valoração discricionária de provas pelos juízes através do livre convencimento, há uma dificuldade, no sistema brasileiro, em proteger o princípio da presunção de inocência. Para enfrentar tal problemática, o objeto do presente estudo é averiguar a possibilidade de aplicação de standards nas diversas etapas processuais. O foco se dará na decisão de denúncia, para crimes dolosos contra a vida, que são julgados por um Conselho de Sentença. Tomando como base a compreensão de standards já utilizados no direito norte-americano, pretende-se analisar o cabimento de um critério objetivo que defina o nível de suporte probatório necessário para que uma afirmação seja considerada verdadeira no juízo de admissibilidade da acusação. Por intermédio de análise analítico-explicativa, a possível solução apresentada é o desenvolvimento de uma teoria racionalista de prova nos moldes dos países de common law. A principal ressalva é quanto à impossibilidade de importar, acriticamente, o conceito de standard probatório americano. O desafio para o ordenamento jurídico nacional, portanto, seria o estabelecimento de standards livres de subjetividades e possíveis de aplicação nas diversas etapas processuais - a fim de se evitar condenações injustas, sem lastro probatório.
O DIVÓRCIO COMO DIREITO POTESTATIVO
Authors: Balduino Junior Gean Carlos , Mariano Evelyn Caroline Rocha
Published: October 2023

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a possibilidade jurídica de se instituir o divórcio em sua modalidade impositiva, à maneira do que ocorreu originalmente pelo Provimento nº 6/2019, do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Pernambuco, como desdobramento da sua compreensão como direito potestativo, visando a dissolver o vínculo matrimonial por meio de medidas desburocratizantes. Foi realizado o contraponto da questão, sob o método dialético, haja vista a posterior edição da Recomendação nº 36/2019, pelo Conselho Nacional de Justiça, como forma a vedar a possibilidade de se dissolver o vínculo matrimonial a partir da vontade manifestada por apenas um dos cônjuges. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa foi desenvolvida tomando seu mecanismo documental, a partir de aportes doutrinários e jurisprudenciais. Diante de tal análise, decorrente do objeto de estudo e dos materiais verificados, foi possível constatar que a finalidade do provimento que instituíra o denominado divórcio impositivo foi simplificar e desburocratizar o procedimento para dissolução do vínculo conjugal, bem como restringir a atividade jurisdicional às demandas realmente necessárias. Bem por isso, os resultados da pesquisa foram apontados no sentido de que, na prática, em diversas oportunidades, inclusive judiciais, o direito ao divórcio se dá de forma unilateral, como decorrência da sua concepção como direito potestativo e que, como tal, não admite resistência, persistindo como exemplo claro do livre exercício da autonomia privada.
LAS REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES ACERCA DEL PODER EN LA ESCUELA MEDIA
Authors: Miguel Carla Vanesa
Published: October 2023

Quando o poder pode ser entendido como uma relação social e não como uma capacidade ou atributo, o tecido social das instituições começa a ser visto de forma mais complexa. O poder é relacional, produtivo (e não repressivo), produz práticas e significados. As Representações Sociais do poder na escola estão ligadas a uma visão moderna do poder, centrada na neutralidade escolar. O objetivo geral do trabalho aqui apresentado foi analisar as Representações Sociais do poder no ensino médio, segundo os jovens ali matriculados, especificamente aqueles que haviam concluído o ciclo de especialização à época, em função de três aspectos centrais: produção de conhecimento, o vínculo pedagógico e a instituição de ensino. três aspectos: os conteúdos e aprendizagem propostos, como as formas de aprender são naturalizadas e o conhecimento é revestido de neutralidade; o vínculo pedagógico, como desprovido de caráter político, é significado como capacidade e direito conferido a uma ou algumas pessoas; e a relação entre o sujeito e a instituição. Trabalhamos com uma metodologia qualitativa, por meio de questionários de associação livre e entrevistas, com vieses da Sociologia e da Psicologia Social. Os principais resultados encontrados mostraram que os alunos do nível médio representam o poder na escola a partir de uma visão macropolítica, como uma capacidade ou direito que foi depositado em algumas disciplinas porque a ordem institucional assim o indica; Os comportamentos de oposição são entendidos como transgressões à ordem estabelecida, mas não se enquadram nas relações de poder que se estabelecem entre professores e alunos; O termo aluno ocupa os últimos lugares ou está ausente na lista de palavras que apareceram no questionário de associação livre (onde poder foi o termo principal).