bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empirical Analytics of SAARC vs ASEAN in Perspective of Economic Growth and Capital Accumulation
Authors: Mansha Muhammad , Yang Xiuyun , Ul Mustafa Ahmed Raza , Nasim Muhammad Mubashar
Published: August 2022

It is an empirical exercise to build the connection between investment in human/ physical capital and economic growth. A panel data set is targeted by considering twelve selected SAARC and ASEAN economies for the period 2005-2019. To get the empirical findings a unit root analysis is made for data stationarity; the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) method is taken in practice to find the association of the investment in human/physical capital with economic growth. Moreover, the Pedroni test is used to examine cointegration among the regressors as well as explained variables. The research outcomes highlight that the investment in the human and physical capital formation through education/health expenditures and gross fixed capital formation plays a noteworthy part in economic growth in SAARC and ASEAN economies separately and overall. Moreover, the inflationary trends and the labor force participation rate have their significance for determining economic growth. The trade volume is a significant force for the economic growth until the export proportion will be greater than imports. In a policy outlook, there is a need to enhance the fiscal budget for the health and education sector that will ultimately enhance the economic growth of the concerned economies.
BIẾN ĐỘNG HUYẾT ÁP TRONG LỌC MÁU CHU KỲ TRÊN NGƯỜI BỆNH SUY THẬN MẠN GIAI ĐOẠN CUỐI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI NĂM 2020-2021
Authors: Đức Doãn Văn , Dũng Trương Việt , Sang Lê Đức , Phương Hoàng Thị
Published: August 2022

Mục tiêu: Mô tả biến động huyết áp (BĐHA) trên bệnh nhân bệnh thận giai đoạn cuối lọc máu chukỳ tại Bệnh viện Bạch Mai và các yếu tố liên quan.Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả cắt ngang được thực hiện trên 256 người bệnh suythận mạn đang điều trị thận nhân tạo chu kỳ.Kết quả: Tỷ lệ biến động huyết áp trong và sau lọc máu là 74,6%, trong đó có cả biến động tăng huyếtáp (THA) và tụt HA. Các yếu tố về tuổi, THA kèm theo, hoàn cảnh kinh tế, chế độ BHYT, thời gian chạythận nhân tạo và khả năng tự chăm sóc liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê với BĐHA của NB với p < 0,05.Kết luận: Biến động HA thường xảy ra tại bất kỳ thời điểm nào trong và sau lọc máu, do vậy cần phảitheo dõi sát người bệnh nhằm kịp thời phát hiện biến chứng về huyết áp để xử trí kịp thời.
HIỆU QUẢ SỬ DỤNG KHÁNG SINH TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM PHỔI NGƯỜI LỚN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA ĐỒNG NAI
Authors: Hương Bùi Đặng Lan , Trang Tôn Nữ Phương , Trường Hoàng Thị
Published: August 2022

Mục tiêu: Mô tả hiệu quả sử dụng kháng sinh trong điều trị viêm phổi người lớn tại Bệnh viện Đakhoa Đồng Nai năm 2021.Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu, mô tả trên 114 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán viêmphổi và điều trị tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Đồng Nai - giai đoạn từ 01/9/2020 - 01/03/2021.Kết quả: Có 81,58 % bệnh nhân nghiên cứu đáp ứng tốt với kháng sinh, tỷ lệ thành công ở nhóm sửdụng 2 kháng sinh là 82,02% và 3 loại kháng sinh là 100,0%. Sự khác biệt về tỷ lệ thành công giữacác nhóm sử dụng phác đồ điều trị khác nhau là có ý nghĩa thống kê với p = 0,018. Các bệnh nhânvừa đổi loại kháng sinh vừa bổ sung kháng sinh có tỷ lệ thành công cao nhất, chiếm 100,0%, các bệnhnhân phải đổi loại kháng sinh và các bệnh nhân được bổ sung thêm kháng sinh có tỷ lệ thành cônglần lượt là là 83,33% và 87,50%. Sự khác biệt này là có ý nghĩa với p < 0,05. Thời gian điều trị trungbình của các bệnh nhân tham gia khảo sát 11,2 ± 8,7 ngày. Bệnh nhân được nằm viện điều trị từ 7đến 14 ngày chiếm tỷ lệ chủ yếu với 51,75%. Đa số các bệnh nhân sau khi điều trị đều có kết quả tốt.Kết luận: Phần lớn các bệnh nhân đáp ứng tốt với kháng sinh. Các bệnh nhân vừa đổi loại khángsinh vừa bổ sung kháng sinh có tỷ lệ thành công cao nhất. Thời gian điều trị trung bình của các bệnhnhân tham gia khảo sát 11,2 ± 8,7 ngày. Bệnh nhân được nằm viện điều trị từ 7 đến 14 ngày chiếmtỷ lệ chủ yếu với 51,75%. Đa số các bệnh nhân sau khi điều trị đều có kết quả tốt.
TỔNG QUAN VỀ KIẾN THỨC VÀ THỰC HÀNH VỆ SINH TAY THƯỜNG QUI CỦA NHÂN VIÊN Y TẾ VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ ẢNH HƯỞNG Ở CÁC NƯỚC ĐANG PHÁT TRIỂN 2011-2020
Authors: Nông Nguyễn Minh , Toàn Ngô Văn , Hương Lê Vũ Thúy , Hà Hoàng Thị Thu , Hường Chu Thị
Published: August 2022

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu là tổng quan về thực trạng kiến thức, thực hành vệ sinh tay thường qui củanhân viên y tế tại các nước đang phát triển và một số yếu tố liên quan giai đoạn 2011-2020. Thiết kếnghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu tổng quan. Số lượng bài báo trong và ngoài nước đủ tiêu chuẩn tổng quanbao gồm 37 bài báo. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy kiến thức về vệ sinh tay thường qui của nhân viêny tế đạt mức khá cao, thấp nhất là 54% và cao nhất là 94,5%. Điều dưỡng có tỉ lệ tuân thủ vệ sinhtay thường qui cao hơn so với bác sĩ. Các yếu tố làm giảm tỉ lệ tuân thủ vệ sinh tay ở nhân viên y tếbao gồm yếu tố khó tiếp cận với thiết bị vệ sinh tay; quá tải ở bệnh viện/ không có thời gian rửa tay;thiếu dung dịch sát khuẩn. Các yếu tố như nhân viên y tế được tập huấn vệ sinh tay; sự sẵn có và dễtiếp cận của thiết bị vệ sinh tay là yếu tố thúc đẩy tỉ lệ vệ sinh tay của nhân viên y tế. Cần cân nhắccác yếu tố trên nhằm nâng cao tỷ lệ vệ sinh tay thường qui của nhân viên y tế.
Sistem Informasi Penilaian Perkembangan Belajar Siswa Berbasis Web Dengan Framework CodeIgniter Di Kumon Ngringo Jaten, Karanganyar
Authors: Wulandari Dewi Santika
Published: August 2022

KUMON Ngringo adalah lembaga kursus belajar bergerak di bidang pendidikan pelajaran Matematika dan Bahasa Inggris, yang bertujuan untuk mengajarkan siswa belajar dengan mandiri dan disiplin. Hubungan siswa dengan pengajar sangatlah dekat, pengajar harus memahami kemampuan siswanya dan mengenal cara belajarnya. Pencatatan nilai dan catatan perkembangan siswa di KUMON Ngringo sendiri masih menggunakan metode manual yaitu dengan menulis ke buku nilai KUMON yang bertumpuk-tumpuk dan mencari buku sesuai nama siswa nya. Pengajar menyampaikan perkembangan siswa harus berkomunikasi dengan masing-masing orang tua siswa dengan melihat catatan di buku nilai KUMON. Sehingga membutuhkan waktu yang lama dalam proses berkomunikasi dengan orang tua siswa tentang nilai perkembangan siswa dan dapat menimbulkan kehilangan dan kerusakan dokumen. Berdasarkan uraian dari latar belakang, maka dapat dirumuskan masalah yang akan diselesaikan dalam penelitian ini adalah "Bagaimana merancang dan membuat sistem informasi penilaian perkembangan belajar siswa di KUMON Ngringo berbasis Web". Sistem Informasi bertujuan untuk memudahkan dalam pengelolaan suatu data informasi. Metode pengembangan sistem yang penulis gunakan adalah metode SDLC (System Development Life Cycle). Bahasa pemograman yang penulis gunakan adalah PHP dengan menggunakan CodeIgniter sebagai framework-nya dan database MySQL sebagai tempat penyimpanan data. Hasil dari perancangan system ini terdiri dari diagram konteks, DFD, ERD, Skema diagram dan interface. Pengguna dari system informasi antara lain admin, pengajar dan siswa. Keywords: Sistem Informasi, Penilaian, PHP, MySQL, Codeigniter.
Men and Women Language Features on Joe Biden’s and Kamala Harris’s Speeches
Authors: Bagaskoro Gilang
Published: August 2022

This paper mainly investigates the use of male and female language features, especially in Joe Biden and Kamala Harris’s victory speeches. The use of these language features is seen from several aspects, including vocabulary, attitudes, syntax, as well as other aspects such as the choice of diction whose meaning is studied by semantics. This research includes qualitative research. The data was collected through transcripts of speeches downloaded from the internet. The results showed that every language feature possessed by gender will adapt to the context, condition, time, and form of communication, so it cannot be applied to all features in speech considering speech as a form of one-way communication.

Keywords: language features, men and woman, speech
Dom poprawy dla duchownych w Liszkowie w latach 1835-1852
Authors: Partyka Wiesław
Published: August 2022

Kościół od wieków dbał o godne reprezentowanie stanu kapłańskiego. Tych duchownych, którzy zaniedbywali swoje obowiązki surowo napominał lub kierował na rekolekcje pokutne do miejsc odosobnienia. Przez długi czas tymi miejscami pokuty były klasztory, gdzie w ciszy i skupieniu pokutnik przechodził proces poprawy. W XIX wieku zaczęto zakładać specjalne zakłady dla księży demerytów. Na terenie Królestwa Polskiego instytut taki został założony w 1836 roku w Liszkowie z przeznaczeniem dla 30 osób. Obowiązywał tam surowy regulamin a nad całością czuwał regens wybierany spośród kapłanów zgłoszonych przez biskupów diecezji z terenu Królestwa. W 1852 roku ukazem carskim dom poprawy przeniesiony został z Liszkowa do klasztoru pobenedyktyńskiego na Świętym Krzyżu, gdzie działał do czasu powstania styczniowego. W 1866 roku dekretem biskupa sandomierskiego przeniesiony został do klasztoru dominikanów w Wysokim Kole. Funkcjonował tam do 1885 roku. Przykład tej instytucji świadczy o tym, że Kościół starał się reagować na sprzeniewierzanie się stanowi kapłańskiemu odsuwając duchownych od pełnionych funkcji i nakazując im pokutę, aby nie budzić zgorszenia wśród wiernych a samym kapłanom dać szansę na poprawę.
Recenzje publikacji bibliologicznych na łamach czasopisma "Archiwa, bibilioteki i muzea kościelne" w latach 1949-2014
Authors: Sąsiadek Ewa
Published: August 2022

Przez pierwsze trzy dziesięciolecia funkcjonowania „ABMK” publikacje z dziedziny bibliologii nie stanowiły szczególnego przedmiotu zainteresowania recenzentów współpracujących z redakcją. Pierwsze teksty ukazały się w 1962 r., kolejnych 10 w latach 70. XX w. Co ciekawe, w latach 80. prawie w ogóle nie zamieszczano w czasopiśmie ocen nowych publikacji. Sytuacja zmieniła się w ostatnim dziesięcioleciu XX w., kiedy to powrócono do uwzględniania działu recenzenckiego, a od 1994 r. wprowadzono Przegląd Bibliograficzny. Omówienia dzieł podejmujących tematykę bibliotek i książki zaczęły wówczas coraz częściej pojawiać się na kartach periodyku. Od 2000 r. można natomiast zauważyć znaczny wzrost liczby tego typu materiałów, szczególnie tych poświęconych księgozbiorom kościelnym.
ОMNICHANNEL MARKETING AS A NEW OPPORTUNITY TO BUILD AN EFFECTIVE CONSUMER INTERACTION STRATEGY
Authors: Bakulich Olena , Bokyi Anton
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to research and definition of the principles of omnichannel marketing technology and its rationale as an effective way to interact with the consumer and increase the efficiency of the enterprise. Whereas, in the conditions of growth of digital economy and production of information technologies, new approaches to marketing activity are formed. With the development of digital marketing, there is a need for new strategic approaches and technologies that can retain existing customers and attract new ones, build long-term relationships, and increase their LTV, especially when the consumer journey is not direct. The main goal of omnichannel marketing approach is to create a simple and comfortable customer experience that allows the consumer, regardless of location and information device, to contact the company (brand). The implementation of omnichannel approach in marketing will have a positive effect on sales, customer confidence, and therefore the desire to return to make repeat purchases. The company can more effectively determine the range of products or services, price management and customer LTV. This will attract new customers, expand market share, help analyze customer behavior and personalize the sales funnel. Ultimately, all these things give an opportunity to improve the efficiency of sales and business in general.

The results can be used in determining the marketing strategy of the enterprise, which will improve interaction with consumers and increase the financial efficiency of the enterprise.
Evaluation Of Business Process in Convention Production Companies Using Business Process Improvement (BPI)
Authors: Syarifudin Nur Afan , Izzuddin Muhammad Daffa , Amaliyah Tazkiyatun Aeni
Published: August 2022

Purpose : Choosing the best business process model for a convection company during the COVID-19 pandemic 

Methods : This study applies an analytical framework of business process improvement (BPI) which includes five whys analysis (organizing for improvement, understanding the process, streamlining, measurement and controls, continuous improvement). Model business process modeling and notation (BPMN)

Result : The results of this study are analysis of business processes that occur in convection companies and the results are that the business processes in convection companies are still less effective. In addition, the author also provides recommendations, namely the use of a database on the ordering system used

Novelty : Evaluation of business processes in convection production companies using BPI and BPMN
Performance Evaluation and Measurement of SMEs King of Honey Using the Green SCOR Metho
Authors: Fitriana Risa Naili , Ifada Alda Bernika , Lestari Tiffany Ovilia Putri Dwi , Hidayah Sayidah Rohmatul
Published: August 2022

Assessment of the application of the concept of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) in each business unit is something that is important to do considering that currently environmental issues are a very urgent matter. Therefore, this study will focus on assessing the GSCM process and measuring performance to determine the value of GSCM performance in King of Honey SMEs. The method used in this research is Green SCOR with 6 management processes, namely plan, source, make, delivery, return, and waste. From the research conducted, the priority level of GSCM indicators and the value of GSCM performance on King of Honey SMEs are generated. The results of this study showed that the total performance value of GSCM King of Honey in September was 86.03, October was 86.45 and November was 86.48.
Alfabetização, leitura e produção de texto em diálogo com as práticas sociais dos sujeitos do campo em sala multisseriada
Authors: Gianizelli Ghane Kelly , Silva Dulcinéa Campos
Published: August 2022

Este livro evidencia didaticamente uma possibilidade de organizar e realizar práticas discursivas de produção de texto em sala multisseriada articuladas com processos sociais vivos das vidas dos sujeitos do campo. Estudos de autores que têm por princípio a língua como fenômeno sociodiscursivo, isto é, vinculada à realidade concreta da língua no movimento histórico, sinalizam possibilidades de um processo de ensino-aprendizagem humanizador, por meio do qual os sujeitos se inserem na corrente discursiva na condição de observadores e críticos de suas próprias práxis. Nessa direção, o respeito à natureza da língua como interação discursiva no processo de ensino-aprendizagem possibilita o diálogo entre vida e escola, o que, de certa maneira, resulta em leituras e produções de textos vinculadas aos conhecimentos formais da língua e aos contextos sociais atuais.
Esófago hipercontráctil: prevalencia, características clínicas y manométricas en una población latinoamericana
Authors: Hashimoto Harumi , Uehara Tatiana , Montero Juan , Martinez Liria , González Ballerga Esteban , Tevez Adriana
Published: August 2022

Introducción. El esófago hipercontráctil constituye un espectro de trastornos motores esofágicos que, de acuerdo con la clasificación de Chicago v4.0, se caracterizan por la presencia de ondas peristálticas hipercontráctiles, con una presión de relajación integrada normal en la manometría de alta resolución y síntomas clínicamente relevantes, como disfagia y/o dolor torácico no cardiogénico. Es una entidad relativamente nueva, de la que existen, hasta el momento, escasas publicaciones referidas a la población latinoamericana. 
Objetivo. El objetivo del presente trabajo es  determinar la prevalencia del esófago hipercontráctil según la Clasificación de Chicago v3.0 y 4.0, describiendo las características manométricas, demográficas y clínicas de este último grupo de pacientes. 
Material y métodos. Se analizaron las manometrías esofágicas de alta resolución realizadas desde enero del 2012 hasta diciembre del 2021 en la sección de Neurogastroenterología del Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín en la ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Resultados. Se analizaron 1075 manometrías esofágicas de alta resolución, de las cuales 13 (1,20%) cumplieron con los criterios diagnósticos de esófago hipercontráctil en base a la Clasificación de Chicago v3.0 y 10 (0,93%) con la Clasificación de Chicago v4.0. La relación hombre: mujer fue 1:1. La mediana de edad fue 66,5 años (rango: 48-78 años). El síntoma más frecuente fue dolor torácico (80%), seguido por disfagia esofágica (60%). La mediana de contractilidad distal integrada fue 8.023 mmHg/s/cm (rango: 30-26.500 mmHg/s/cm). La mediana de la presión de relajación integrada fue 12 mmHg (rango: 4-20 mmHg). En relación con el tratamiento recibido, el 70% respondieron a inhibidores de la bomba de protones, 20% a la amitriptilina y 10 % a la inyección de toxina botulínica. 
Conclusión. El esófago hipercontráctil presenta una baja prevalencia en nuestro medio. La proporción de afectación según sexo fue igual. La aplicación de la nueva v4.0, al estar contextualizada en un espectro clínico, disminuye la prevalencia de esta entidad poco frecuente.
Abordaje terapéutico de la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico
Authors: Dulbecco Mariela , Guzmán Mauricio
Published: August 2022

La enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico constituye uno de los motivos de consulta más frecuentes en la práctica gastroenterológica. Su diagnóstico es un desafío ya que los síntomas típicos suelen tener una baja sensibilidad y especificidad. No menos desafiante es su abordaje terapéutico, ya que requiere de un enfoque integral que debe tener en cuenta la presentación sintomática (síntomas típicos esofágicos o síntomas extraesofágicos), los hallazgos estructurales endoscópicos y las características motoras y funcionales. La correcta identificación de los fenotipos de la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico es crucial para direccionar en cada caso el mejor tratamiento. En esta revisión, se propone otorgar al lector las mejores opciones terapéuticas según cada fenotipo y de acuerdo con las mejores evidencias disponibles en la actualidad.
Actualización en la fisiopatología de la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico
Authors: Argüero Julieta , Sifrim Daniel
Published: August 2022

La fisiopatología de la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico es multifactorial. Los eventos involucrados se inician en el estómago y, en forma ascendente, afectan la unión gastroesofágica y el esófago. Las características del material refluido impactarán en la magnitud del daño mucoso y en la percepción sintomática. Existen mecanismos defensivos y factores agresores, que son determinantes de la enfermedad. La intensidad con la que se perciben los síntomas es variable en cada individuo y está determinada por una combinación de mecanismos modulados por el sistema nervioso central y periférico, y factores psicológicos como la hipervigilancia. Las alteraciones en el aclaramiento esofágico junto con el tipo de material refluido probablemente sean los mayores determinantes para el desarrollo de una enfermedad de tipo erosiva, mientras que la sensibilidad de la mucosa lo sea para la percepción sintomática. El desarrollo de la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico es el producto de un desbalance entre los factores mencionados anteriormente. Entender cuál es el mecanismo fisiopatológico predominante permite ofrecer al paciente el mejor tratamiento disponible.
人工智慧：概念與應用管理
Authors: 林東清 林東清
Published: August 2022

目前坊間介紹 AI 的教科書，或者是市面上發行雜誌類型的書，大都是「技術導向」，聚焦於演算法與深度學習 Model 的設計。其實個人認為，對一些大學或研究生而言（尤其對非資訊本科的學生來說），由於並不是要被訓練為 AI 工程師，因此首先應該從更廣、更高的角度來瞭解 AI，而非僅就「技術」的角度來切入。尤其是「AI 導論」這門課，個人認為應該讓 AI 的初學者由下列幾個重要的角度來廣泛性瞭解 AI，包括：

基本觀念的角度：瞭解 AI 是什麼？AI 與人類智慧有何差別？

技術的角度：瞭解 AI 的主要學習理論與重要的演算法。

核心技術應用的角度：包括電腦視覺、自然語言處理、機器人等主要技術與應用。

企業應用的角度：包含 AI 在企業各個功能上的主要應用。

產業應用的角度：包含 AI 在各個主要產業，包括醫療、交通、金融上的主要應用。

網路上的應用角度：包含 AI 在網際網路、行動網路、社群網路、物聯網上的主要應用。

企業管理的角度：包含企業在策略層次上要如何規劃 AI 的架構及企業引進 AI 的關鍵成功因素等。

AI 對人類威脅與安全的角度：到底 AI 會不會威脅到人類的生存與安全？各派學說推理的比較分析，AI 要如何治理才能安全的服務人類等議題。

本書適合所有科系第一門 AI 導論的課程，即使是工學院的學生，也可以透過這種廣度的介紹來瞭解除了技術之外，AI 對人類的重要應用與衝擊。

教學配件：教學PowerPoint、教師手冊

本書搭配：提供線上AI實務與影音資料
Football in Romania, Yugoslavia and Bulgaria During Stalinism (1944–1953)/Fotbalul în România, Iugoslavia şi Bulgaria în Perioada Stalinistă (1944–1953)
Authors: Borisov Teodor
Published: August 2022

The current article describes the reforms in Romanian, Yugoslavian and Bulgarian football in the years of Stalinism (from the arrival of the Red army on their territory to the death of Joseph Stalin on 5 March 1953). The article present a parallel between the political processes and the changes in the local football. The Soviet influence and the specificity of their model are explained compared to the model of each individual country.
Vizita lui Nicolae Ceauşescu la Gherla în 1983/The Visit of Nicolae Ceauşescu at Gherla in 1983
Authors: Mureşan Marius
Published: August 2022

Acest studiu analizează felul în care a fost receptată vizita unei personalitaţi de calibrul lui Nicolae Ceauşescu în cadrul unui oraş de provincie precum Gherla. Dincolo de desfăşurarea evenimentelor, prin intermediul interviurilor (profesori care au fost mobilizaţi împreună cu elevii) şi a mărturiilor de istorie orală (directorul de la acea a vreme a Combinatului de Prelucrare a Lemnului- punctul central al vizitei), ne propunem să evidenţiem care au fost trăirile oamenilor, cum au perceput prezenţa şefului statului în cadrul comunităţii lor şi care au fost efectele vizitei. În această lucrare vom încerca să urmărim felul în care o vizită în sine a unei personalităţi importante în timpul perioadei comuniste putea să nască sentimente dintre cele mai diverse, de la pasiuni, la dezinteres, curiozitate etc.
The Multidimensional Relationship Between Constructivist, Structuralist and Rationalist thoughts/Relaţiile multidimensionale între gândirea constructivistă, structuralistă şi raţionalistă
Authors: Urbán Judit , Eperjesi Zoltán
Published: August 2022

Theories of political constructivism (culturalist), structuralist and rationalist accounts are approaching the collapse of the Soviet Union (SU) from various angles. However, this paper argues that the above-mentioned traditional schools come to complementary conclusions (that are not mutually exclusive) despite their distinct starting points. One only has to put together the puzzle, because no single modern approach can process at once all the intricacy of contemporary global politics and historical events or happenings. For instance, the influence of structural realism has declined nowadays due to its incapability to predict the collapse of the SU However, academics managed to resuscitate this theorem by skilfully melting it with agent-centred designs. Conversely, not even constructivism can estimate long-term historical change, such as the end of the Cold War because adepts of this approach do not think about how interests were created. They suppose that everybody has the same interests but by supposing this, one would totally ignore the topic of inequality. Interests are coined by power and political or economic influence, even if rules and values could change over time through diverse interactions. Political thinkers developed competitive theoretical schools by putting emphasis on diverse causes by clarifying various political, historical, social or cultural issues. Rational choice (rationalist), constructivism or culturalist and structuralist views have their own research tools and suppositions, but interestingly the predominant approach is none of these competing traditional schools, because currently neo-institutionalism seems to overcome all of them. This development is simply astonishing, also because scholars of post-communism mostly applied rationalist methods in their analyses. This is especially true if considering the wide-ranging fields of comparative politics and history (outcomes of comparative analysis). Authors of this paper do not want to construct a hierarchy among these systematic explanations, because (in their opinion) these approaches can function in a complementary way, especially if someone wants to observe and explain socio-historical, political or other problems.
Instalaţie în postmodernism
Authors: Șooş Teodora
Published: August 2022

Installation works in the eighties and nineties became increasingly important as a medium for artists who wanted to assert a vivid, emotional experience. But if Kabakov is the master of what he has called “total installation”, some of the younger installation artists have moved toward a deliberately less defined expressive character in their work; these installations are both more diffuse in personality and experientially open-ended, in a post-modern sense. Despite the loaded subject matter evoked by Christian Boltanski, for example, his own character is less delineated and less clearly set into the foreground of his work.
Tipuri de artefacte folosite la ornamentarea gulerului, îmbrăcăminte şi la centură: catarame şi aplici
Authors: Mailat Damaris
Published: August 2022

The types of artefacts used on dressing ornaments during the IXth-XIth centuries, discovered in the Danubian Basin, were various as form, ornament and materials. They were used at dressing ornaments (the buttons and the appliqués), ornaments for belts, harnesses or shoes.

These dressing ornaments pieces are: the buckles-various types, appliqués, buttons, each of them with many forms. The buckles found in the Danubian Basin were generally made by iron. The lyre-shaped buckles were commonly used on clothes and harnesses. Three of these have been discovered in the cementery from Brandusei Street, two pieces in M.21 and M. 155, and a thirdly in M. 128. Some textile remnants were preserved on the piece found in M. 128. It is very sure that both buckles were used on belts. Similar buckles have been previously discovered at Blandiana-La Brod, Cluj Napoca-Str. Zapolya, Târgșor and Zalău. They were used as belt buckles, perhaps decorated wuth appliques, or as accessory for the harness or for the belt that sustained the sword or the quiver. These kind of buckles apperead inside the Charpatian Basin at the beginning of the 10th century and were used until the end of the 11 th century. According to Attila Kiss, lyra buckles apperead at Bulgarian populations on the Volga, while the Transylvanian pieces are associated with the typical artefacts belonging to the Magyar communites.

A discoid appliqué, decorated with a cross, has been discovered while processing M. 59 at Alba Iulia- Brândușei Street. A quite similar piece, dated to the 10th century, was found in the Alba Iulia-Staţia de Salvare cementery. Two shield-shapped appliqués and a circular one have been found in the interior part of the necklace found in M. 129. The first two have two perforations and two small claws for hanging up on their backside. The circular one has a hanger on its backside. Similar pieces have been discovered at Szentes-Nagyhegy and Arad. A rectangular applique with heart-shaped corners, made of gilded silver, has been discovered, on Brândușei Street, M. 145. Similar pieces can be mentioned at Mohacs, Budapest-Rakospalota and Szekesfehevar-Demkohegy. The appliqués are frequently encountered in funerary inventories of the 10 th and 11th centuries.
Inele cu pentagramă
Authors: Urdaş Florica Ștefania
Published: August 2022

The studies from Xth and XIth centuries are based almost exclusively on archaeological findings and particularly the study of cemeteries. Plate finger rings were decorated with various geometrical, vegetable or zoomorphic. A variant of the ring finger is oval or circular plaque, carved with a pentagram. Pentagram ring is considered one of the most popular jewelery from Byzantine cultural area in the second half of the tenth century and the first half of the eleventh century. Rings with this setting occur discoveries in Bulgaria, Dalmatia, Hungary and Slovakia. P. Gatev placed pentagram rings in type II-1 and it dates from the tenth century and the first half of the following. G. Atanasov and V. Grigorov said that pentagram rings (type III) are quite common in old Bulgarian culture. Pentagram is required after the fourth century as one of the main Christian symbols. Is defined as an expression of geometric notion of man-four angles representing limbs and a head. At Odartsi in grave 286 was discovered a skeleton of a child with pit board and covered with lithic material. Inventory: left hand, ring pentagram (type IX A), occurs in association with ring loop, buttons with vertical splice. Elliptical plate playing a circle which is a pentagram surrounded by dots. On both sides of the ring is two stars.
Tripla Alianță ȋn context european
Authors: Daniela-Liliana Pătrașcu , Pătrașcu Dumitru-Valentin
Published: August 2022

L' étude presente les conditions dans lesquelles la Triple Alliance a été formée. L' Austriche-Hongrie et Empire Allemand ont conclu un traité secret, qui a été signé a 7 octobre 1879, et qui avait un caractère offensif. Si l'un de les deux États était attaquée par Russie, les deux États seraient entraidé. L' Italie sera également rejoindre l' Alliance Trilpe aussi malhureux que l' Angleterre avait incorporé Chypre.

Roumanie adhère a l' Entente au moyen de le traité signé à 18-30 octobre 1883, qui avait une validité de cinq ans et un caractère secret. Si l' Austriche-Hongrie était attaqué par Russie ou Serbie, Roumanie serait intervenue. Toutes ces evolutions ont conduit l' élaboration depuis 1904 à Triple Alliance, le bloc militaires politique qu' avait s'opposer a les tendances hégémoniques de l' Allemagne et Austrich-Hongrie en Europe. Cette alliance était de se joindre a lui la Roumaine à l' été de 1916, parce qu' elle désirait eliberer les territoires roumains qui étaient ocuppées par l' Emipre Austro-Hongrois.
Geții ȋn etnogeneza poporului român
Authors: Nicolae Rodica (Perciun)
Published: August 2022

A wrong recognition of links between nations and names of nations have had major consequences in geographical - medieval descriptions of Europe. Geographical areas, „countries”, which did not have a direct connection with Dacia came to be regarded sort of extensions of Dacia, these extensions could be due to migration of the goths in Spain, Denmark, southern of Scandinavian Peninsula, even Lithuania. This study presents the hypothesis according to which the Dacians are not goths and Romanian people is descendant both of Dacians and Romans and have a space of formation as a people and commorancy much smaller than the space assigned to it by some writers even by to the middle ages and which causes theories according to which there are other nations that would have strong roots in the powerful nation of the Getae.
Aşezarea dacică de la Piatra Roşie
Authors: Mailat Damaris
Published: August 2022

The Dacian place Piatra Roșie is part of the Vest places of Grădiștea, after the Luncani Târsan place. The stronghold was systematically excavated in the spring of 1949 by a group from The Institute of History and Philosophy from Cluj. It is placed on the peak of a isolated peak, near to the Valea Roșie și Valea Târgului rivers. The plateau has 160 m length and the with is between 30 m(at South), 50 m (in the middle) and 45 m (in North). It is covered by a thin stratum of humus under which is the native calcareous stone. The archaeologists found in their reaserches many intersting things.

In the South half of the plateau was found stone walls similars to those from Costești (102 x45 m). In the interior we have 5 towers, two in the S-V and N-V and three in the Est. The construction of the towers is like the enclosure's walls. The N-E tower from the corner was used as entrance. In the interior was found a quite big wooden building, with the bases from stone. The building has two rooms. It is surrounded by a wooden balcony with his shrings placed on the stone base. It has doors, and in thr North side the balcony is round, while the exterior wall is short for a good light.

The funeral inventar is quite poor. It was found only fragmentary Dacian things: nails, targets, spikes, a bronze rushlight and iron staples. The citadel has a dominat military caracter. Civil places must have been on the hills which sourrended Piatra Roșie. The apse construction from balcony 1 could have been used as a place for living but in the same time as worship place.
I primi contatti con il Teatro Occidentale in Romania: le traduzioni dei melodrammi di Pietro Metastasio nei Principati Danubiani alla fine del XVIII secolo/First contacts with western theatre in Romania: The translations of Pietro Metastasio's Melodrammi in Romanian Principates at the end of eighteenth century
Authors: Donatiello Federico
Published: August 2022

Uno dei fenomeni più importanti che hanno favorito l'occidentalizzazione romanza della lingua letteraria romena è stato il largo affluire di traduzioni di letteratura francese e italiana. Nel Settecento predomina la figura del poeta italiano Pietro Metastasio con ben nove testi tradotti: il melodramma italiano arriva nei Principati con modalità peculiari in quanto le traduzioni non sono destinate tanto alla rappresentazione scenica quanto alla sola lettura; esse si basano inoltre non sul testo italiano originale ma su alcune traduzioni intermediarie in lingua neogreca. La penetrazione delle opere di Metastasio nei Principati, come pure di molta cultura occidentale, è perciò legata indissolubilmente alla cultura neogreca e ai gusti della nobiltà fanariota. per modesti compilatori come Slǎtineanu o Beldiman; la scomparsa del neogreco come lingua di cultura favorirà ulteriormente il processo di rinnovamento linguistico e letterario.
Scurtă privire asupra vieții Elisabetei de Wied
Authors: Roșca Adriana
Published: August 2022

Queen Elisabeth - Carmen Sylva - the poet princess represented for the Romanian people a pathfinder. Through her youth, literary talent, goodwill and kindness, she brought Romania on a new scale among the European societies. Her marriage to prince Carol meant for the princess assuming a new choice, a choice which would be for Romania the beginning of a golden era. Elisabeth, Queen of Romania brought with her the subtleties of German culture, subtleties which imposed themselves among the Romanian elite society and which created a new Romanian state, stronger and more independent.
The paradox of globalization with focus on Germany and Europe
Authors: Zoltán Eperjesi
Published: August 2022

Globalization has become a frequently used notion in the applied social sciences and a catchword for the media and politics. It has been applied to refer to the development of supranational and multinational institutions, to explain major shifts in the nation-state organization, to elucidate transformations in the global market, and to describe the rebirth of diverse national and minority cultures. Nevertheless, the various connotations of globalization as observable fact are certainly not exhausted by the given examples and there seems to be no consensus among elite researchers about how globalization can be precisely defined. This synthesis focuses on certain challenges of global competitiveness by showing sequences of the case of Germany. It is a federation that powerfully shapes the EU as well as the paradigm of globalization with a human face and vice versa.
Cercetarea mentalul religios. Perspectiva istoriei mentalităților / The Research of Religious Ideas. The View of the History of Ideas
Authors: Alexandrache Carmen
Published: August 2022

Our work shows how religion is viewed through the different stages of history. This subject of religion is widely discussed, because there is not a consensus on the definition of “religious mind”. Also, the filed that studies Religion is not Science.

To show where the differences in regards to Religion come from, we will look at the definitions of “mind” and “mentality”.

Based on extensive readings and research about these issues, we propose to concentrate our work on the study of the religious mind and how it interferes with different disciplines.
Fecioara Maria în viziune cathară
Authors: Constantin Zamfir
Published: August 2022

In this short article we present the position of the Cathars (religious movement with gnostic and dualistic elements) about The Virgin Mary. The heretics were very divided in their opinions about this problem, presenting a large diversity of theological positions.
Învăţământul bihorean în secolul al XIX-lea. Studiu de caz: Chişcău
Authors: Olah Roland , Sărac Ioana
Published: August 2022

Las primeras escuelas de Chiscau fueron las escuelas confesionales, con el apoyo de la iglesia.El sacerdote ocupa un lugar muy importante en la education, mas importante que el maestro.
Economia românească interbelică şi rolul sistemului bancar ȋn dezvoltarea economică / The Romanian Economy in the Inter-War Period and the Role of the Banking System in Economic Development
Authors: Dan Horațiu
Published: August 2022

The study focuses on the development of the economy in interwar Romania and the evolution and role of the banking system for the economical dynamic. In this context, we underline the different rates of development of the two key economical sectors (industry and agriculture), identify their causes and analize the financing processes that take place through the banking system.
Mişcarea Legionară – De la precursorul Mişcării la ideologii revistei Axa / Legionary Movement – From the Precursor of the Movement to Axa Ideologists
Authors: Mureşan Paula
Published: August 2022

In this paper we have attempted to analyze the ideology of the Legionary Movement by referring to the precursors of the Movement, namely Professor A.C. Cuza and AXA's ideologists, Mihail Polihroniade and Vasile Cristescu. One of the first political figures who expressed anti-Jewish sentiments and who gathered around a first core of anti-Semitic ideology was Professor A.C. Cuza, from the University of Iași. He was a fervent militant for the introduction in universities of a numerus clausus for Jews. In his opinion, there was no compatibility between the Romanian people and the Jews, and, consequently, the only option for Romanians to be an independent nation was to expel Jews from their territory. The same ideas were sustained by the most important ideologists of the Axa review.
Anterioritatea experienței religioase spontane față de confesiune şi pluralismul religios, la Friedrich Schleiermacher / The Priority of Spontaneous Religious Experience to Confession and Religious Pluralism, According to Friedrich Schleiermacher
Authors: Nedu Ovidiu
Published: August 2022

Schleiermacher's religious naturalism considers religious affections as a spontaneous and ordinary experience of all humans. Confessional identity is only subsequently bestowed to the naturally produced religious experience. Confession doesn't engender religion but it only moulds its expression into a culturally determined pattern; generally, the pattern is given by the outstanding example of a particular religious leader or event. Even if expressed and cultivated according to a common example, religion remains highly particular, its variety going down until the individual level. In most cases, the difference between confessions relies on the differences between their implicit cosmological views. Progress of civilization didn't really involve a progress of the religious feeling itself, but rather a progress of its manner of expression.

Considered as the feeling of utter dependence of every finite being on the Infinite, religion necessarily embeds an attitude of absolute openness, seeing everything, including all faiths, as complementary within the all-encompassing unity. Hence, religious pluralism is not just a possible view, but it belongs to the very essence of religiosity.
The Name of Zalmoxis and Its Significance in the Dacian Language and Religion
Authors: Drugaş Şerban George Paul
Published: August 2022

In order to write about the significance of the name of Zalmoxis in the Dacian language and religion, I begin with the displaying of the sources. Afterwards, there are presented three debates, about: (1) the relation between Zalmoxis and Pythagoras, showing that the philosopher was definitely influenced by the Thraco-Dacian beliefs which were also present in Zamolxianism; (2) “immortalization” as an initiatic mystery cult, shamanic practices; (3) an exploration of the forms Zalmoxis and Zamolxis.

The first form, of Zalmoxis, attested in Herodotus, with witnesses in inscriptions, could be related with some terms and practices found in Siberian peoples, used for hunting and shamanism (cf. sϵl, at Ket and Yugh). These practices are connected to the Dance of the Bear and others in the Romanian folklore. The second part of the term Zalmoxis could have come from *mo(i)š) (skin, sack, i. e., shamanic mask), which could lead to the Romanian autochtonous word moş (old, elder, ancestor).

The second form, Zamolxis, was connected to the Indo-European satem *sem- < PIE *dheghom- (earth > man). The theonym could end up with two forms by a word game, due to the oppositions between the mystery cult and shamanism, and between the solar-uranian cult from Sarmizegetusa and a chthonian cult, supported mainly by the southern Thracians (Semele, Dionysos).
Dagli Angiò ai Savoia. l'affermarsi della sovranità Sabauda nella Val Nervia provenzale (secoli XIV-XV)
Authors: Cassioli Marco
Published: August 2022

Si la « dédition » de Nice à la Savoie (1388) représente un véritable tournant dans l'histoire du Midi, le lent procès d'intégration de la Provence orientale dans l'Éat savoyard n'a pas encore été pleinement examiné. Le présent article se propose de combler cette lacune pour ce qui concerne la vallée de la Nervia, sur la base de documents inédits conservés aux Archives Départementales des Alpes-Maritimes (Nice), aux Archives d'Éat de Turin, aux Archives communales et paroissiales de Pigna et à la bibliothèque de l'Institut International d'Éudes Ligures, à Bordighera. Les sources permettent, en particulier, de mettre en lumière trois étapes qui marquèrent l'enracinement du régime savoyard dans la haute vallée: le recensement des feux, en 1394; l'établissement d'une ligne frontière entre la Provence orientale et la seigneurie de Dolceacqua, en 1396; la réglementation du transit du bétail, en 1425. La documentation recueillie conduit aussi à réfléchir sur le dialogue, souvent difficile, entre le pouvoir central et les élites locales comme sur la naissance d'un sentiment d'identité lié à la dynastie savoyarde.
Iconography of Power of the Pagan Bulgarian Ruler: Images, Symbolism and Tradition
Authors: Minaeva Oksana
Published: August 2022

The ideas of ruler's power of the pagan Bulgarians and their expression are a question of debates concerning different fields of humanities such as history, archaeology, epigraphy, religious studies, and art history. The discussion proposed tends to seek the ideological basis of the ruler's power as seen through cosmogonic, religious and political notions preserved in written historical sources, traces of rites and beliefs in mythology and folklore and in the arts. Thus, the three levels of the ruler's ideology are considered: the written/verbal texts, ritual texts and visual texts in order to find out a set of iconographie formulae of expressing the power of the pagan Bulgarian ruler.
Brăila at the End of the Nineteenth Century. The Report of Vice-Consul William J. Norcop on the Year 1899
Authors: Constantin Cristian
Published: August 2022

The text proper is preceded by a short historical comment on the activity of the International Trade in the Lower Danube region. The exports and imports of Romania, and her commercial relations with the different European countries had been, from their very beginning, organised on a highly individual basis owing to the initiative and according to the interests of private citizens. The report is an extremely important source for all social aspects related to the Brăila harbour, from statistic dates about export and import, agriculture, navigation, and economic realities in the towns. This document is an alternative to the statistical sources published by the European Commission of the Danube and by the Romanian authorities.
Byzantinism as a Fundament of Balkanism
Authors: Conev Blagoj
Published: August 2022

Byzantinism, a not sufficiently explored field, is still today a fundament of the pejorative explanation of the terms “Balkanization” and “Balkanism”. Byzantinism, the Hellenic one, actually represents the whole idea for the Balkans; the idea of how, due to the hegemonization of an ethnic identity, an empire that persisted for about a millennium could collapse. The idea of this text is to show the connection between Byzantinism and Balkanism and by using synthesis and comparative analysis to prove the thesis that: The hegemonization of the Byzantine-Greek identity in the past contributed to the birth of today's Balkan nationalism - Balkanism. In this text, the author analyses the appearance of Byzantium as a par excellence addition to ancient Hellenism, especially its conversion into hegemonic Hellenism, which was intended to submerge and assimilate all the other non-Greek identities in Byzantium. In fact, the author will prove that Byzantinism, which is a product of Hellenism, is the source of Balkanism, which itself leads to the idea that the fundament of today's Balkan nationalism, that is, Balkanism, is nothing but the hegemonic Hellenism during the Byzantine Empire.
Negative Emotions in Action – two Examples from the 15th Century Ragusan Diplomacy
Authors: Šoštarić (Zovko) Valentina
Published: August 2022

Emotions shouldn't be neglected, but rather taken seriously in order to understand better the complexity of political, and socio-cultural processes that they have generated. The study of emotions in the field of diplomacy is particularly promising, but requires precise definition of the term, explanation of the methodological approach and qualifications concerning the research possibilities that depend upon the nature of the archival sources. The goal of this article is to analyze how words used to signify emotions, which could be signified as negative, shaped practical decisions within certain socio-political and cultural contexts; in other words to demonstrate an active role of emotions in shaping and conducting practical diplomatic decisions. The study aims to underpin the reciprocal relations between emotions and actions illustrated by two case studies from the late medieval Ragusan history. The sources of an interest are preserved in the State archive in Dubrovnik, in the archival seria Lettere di Levante, which, among others, contains the instructions written by the city authorities to their envoys. Despite the fact that the instructions were a product of a long and sober-minded discussions, and therefore they aren't usually abundant with words used to express certain emotions in them, places where those expressions appear are quite significant and can tell us more about how emotions were used as a tool of cognitive processes.