bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of stable reference genes for qPCR normalization in circadian studies related to lung inflammation and injury in mouse model
Authors: Giri Allan , Sundar Isaac Kirubakaran
Published: February 2022

Circadian rhythms have a profound effect on lung function and immune-inflammatory response in chronic airway diseases. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms of circadian gene expression of core clock-controlled genes (CCGs) may help better understand how it contributes to the physiology and pathology of lung diseases. Ongoing studies have been analyzing gene expression levels of CCGs in mouse lungs using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). However, to date, there are no reports on the most stable reference gene in the mouse lung for circadian studies. Herein, we utilized an acute house dust mite (HDM)-sensitization mouse model to evaluate the stability of 10 reference genes commonly used for qRT-PCR normalization using 5 unique algorithms: GeNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, RefFinder and Qbase+. Rn18s was determined as the most stable reference gene across all samples evaluated, and Actb, the least stable reference gene. Furthermore, CircWave analysis showed no diurnal variation in the expression pattern for Rn18s but Actb showed strong diurnal changes in the lungs of both PBS (control) and HDM groups. We demonstrate systematically how using Actb as a housekeeping gene offsets the diurnal expression patterns of the CCGs and leads to statistically significant results which may not be the true reflection of the qRT-PCR analysis.
Kinematics of the viscous filament during the droplet breakup in air
Authors: Broboana Diana , Bratu Ana-Maria , Magos István , Patrascu Claudiu , Balan Corneliu
Published: February 2022

The dripping regime in the vicinity of the fluid droplet breakup is analyzed using the correlation between experiments and numerics. The evolutions of filament’s neck and its corresponding thinning velocity are described using the logistic functions. Three flow regions are observed as the relative time decreases: (1) a monotonous increase of the neck’s thinning velocity, where inertia and capillarity are balanced, (2) a transition domain characterized by the equilibrium between inertia, capillarity, and viscous forces, where the thinning velocity varies non-monotonically with the relative time and (3) the final droplet pinch-off, where velocity decreases or oscillates around a constant value. The distributions of the $$\upzeta$$
ζ
-coefficient (parameter related to the non-dimensional second invariant of the velocity gradient) on the filament’s surface and droplet’s profile characterize the kinematics at the interface. The regions dominated by extension, where pure elongation is located at $$\upzeta \cong 1$$

ζ
≅
1

, are determined. One main result of this study is the confirmation that distribution of the $$\upzeta$$
ζ
-coefficient is a relevant parameter to analyze and to quantify the breakup process. This result has the potential of developing novel techniques and more precise procedures in determining the interfacial rheology of viscous and complex fluids.
Need for cognition moderates the impairment of decision making caused by nightshift work in nurses
Authors: Peng Jiaxi , Lu Huijie , Zhang Jiaxi , Shao Yongcong , Wang Lei , Lv Jing
Published: February 2022

The current study explores the effect of nightshift work on the decision-making competence and performance of the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and analyzes whether individual differences in the need for cognition (NFC) can moderate this effect. A total of 107 female nurses were recruited to complete the decision-making competence scale and IGT at two times, after a night shift and after a day shift. The results revealed that the IGT scores and decision-making competence of nurses after nightshift work significantly declined, and also that the decrease in decision-making competence was related to the nurses’ performance of the IGT. Additionally, the decreasing degree of IGT and decision-making competence scores of the high-NFC group were significantly lower than those of the low-NFC group after nightshift work. In can be concluded that the decrease in decision-making competence which was related with poor decision-making due to nightshift work. NFC moderated the effect of nightshift work on decision-making.
Pathway-specific TNF-mediated metaplasticity in hippocampal area CA1
Authors: Singh Anurag , Sateesh Shruthi , Jones Owen D. , Abraham Wickliffe C.
Published: February 2022

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is regulated in part by metaplasticity, the activity-dependent alterations in neural state that coordinate the direction, amplitude, and persistence of future synaptic plasticity. Previously, we documented a heterodendritic metaplasticity effect whereby high-frequency priming stimulation in stratum oriens (SO) of hippocampal CA1 suppressed subsequent LTP in the stratum radiatum (SR). The cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) mediated this heterodendritic metaplasticity in wild-type rodents and in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we investigated whether LTP at other afferent synapses to CA1 pyramidal cells were similarly affected by priming stimulation. We found that priming stimulation in SO inhibited LTP only in SR and not in a second independent pathway in SO, nor in stratum lacunosum moleculare (SLM). Synapses in SR were also more sensitive than SO or SLM to the LTP-inhibiting effects of pharmacological TNF priming. Neither form of priming was sex-specific, while the metaplasticity effects were absent in TNFR1 knock-out mice. Our findings demonstrate an unexpected pathway specificity for the heterodendritic metaplasticity in CA1. That Schaffer collateral/commissural synapses in SR are particularly susceptible to such metaplasticity may reflect an important control of information processing in this pathway in addition to its sensitivity to neuroinflammation under disease conditions.
A feasibility randomized controlled trial of a NICU rehabilitation program for very low birth weight infants
Authors: Letzkus Lisa , Conaway Mark , Miller-Davis Claiborne , Darring Jodi , Keim-Malpass Jessica , Zanelli Santina
Published: February 2022

Motor disability is common in children born preterm. Interventions focusing on environmental enrichment and emotional connection can positively impact outcomes. The NICU-based rehabilitation (NeoRehab) program consists of evidence-based interventions provided by a parent in addition to usual care. The program combines positive sensory experiences (vocal soothing, scent exchange, comforting touch, skin-to-skin care) as well as motor training (massage and physical therapy) in a gestational age (GA) appropriate fashion. To investigate the acceptability, feasibility and fidelity of the NeoRehab program in very low birthweight (VLBW) infants. All interventions were provided by parents in addition to usual care. Infants (≤ 32 weeks' GA and/or ≤ 1500 g birthweight) were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial comparing NeoRehab to usual care (03/2019–10/2020). The a priori dosing goal was for interventions to be performed 5 days/week. The primary outcomes were the acceptability, feasibility and fidelity of the NeoRehab program. 36 participants were randomized to the intervention group and 34 allocated to usual care. The recruitment rate was 71% and retention rate 98%. None of the interventions met the 5 days per week pre-established goal. 97% of participants documented performing a combination of interventions at least 3 times per week. The NeoRehab program was well received and acceptable to parents of VLBW infants. Programs that place a high demand on parents (5 days per week) are not feasible and goals of intervention at least 3 times per week appear to be feasible in the context of the United States. Parent-provided motor interventions were most challenging to parents and alternative strategies should be considered in future studies. Further studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between intervention dosing on long term motor outcomes.
Citrate pharmacokinetics in critically ill liver failure patients receiving CRRT
Authors: Thanapongsatorn Peerapat , Chaijamorn Weerachai , Sirivongrangson Phatadon , Tachaboon Sasipha , Peerapornratana Sadudee , Lumlertgul Nuttha , Lucksiri Aroonrut , Srisawat Nattachai
Published: February 2022

Citrate has been proposed as anticoagulation of choice in continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). However, little is known about the pharmacokinetics (PK) and metabolism of citrate in liver failure patients who require CRRT with regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA). This prospective clinical PK study was conducted at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital between July 2019 to April 2021, evaluating seven acute liver failure (ALF) and seven acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients who received CRRT support utilizing RCA as an anticoagulant at a citrate dose of 3 mmol/L. For evaluation of the citrate PK, we delivered citrate for 120 min and then stopped for a further 120 min. Total body clearance of citrate was 152.5 ± 50.9 and 195.6 ± 174.3 mL/min in ALF and ACLF, respectively. The ionized calcium, ionized magnesium, and pH slightly decreased after starting citrate infusion and gradually increased to baseline after stopping citrate infusion. Two of the ACLF patients displayed citrate toxicity during citrate infusion, while, no ALF patient had citrate toxicity. In summary, citrate clearance was significantly decreased in critically ill ALF and ACLF patients receiving CRRT. Citrate use as an anticoagulation in these patients is of concern for the risk of citrate toxicity.
Deep learning-based segmentation of the thorax in mouse micro-CT scans
Authors: Malimban Justin , Lathouwers Danny , Qian Haibin , Verhaegen Frank , Wiedemann Julia , Brandenburg Sytze , Staring Marius
Published: February 2022

For image-guided small animal irradiations, the whole workflow of imaging, organ contouring, irradiation planning, and delivery is typically performed in a single session requiring continuous administration of anaesthetic agents. Automating contouring leads to a faster workflow, which limits exposure to anaesthesia and thereby, reducing its impact on experimental results and on animal wellbeing. Here, we trained the 2D and 3D U-Net architectures of no-new-Net (nnU-Net) for autocontouring of the thorax in mouse micro-CT images. We trained the models only on native CTs and evaluated their performance using an independent testing dataset (i.e., native CTs not included in the training and validation). Unlike previous studies, we also tested the model performance on an external dataset (i.e., contrast-enhanced CTs) to see how well they predict on CTs completely different from what they were trained on. We also assessed the interobserver variability using the generalized conformity index ($$\hbox {CI}_{\mathrm{gen}}$$

CI
gen

) among three observers, providing a stronger human baseline for evaluating automated contours than previous studies. Lastly, we showed the benefit on the contouring time compared to manual contouring. The results show that 3D models of nnU-Net achieve superior segmentation accuracy and are more robust to unseen data than 2D models. For all target organs, the mean surface distance (MSD) and the Hausdorff distance (95p HD) of the best performing model for this task (nnU-Net 3d_fullres) are within 0.16 mm and 0.60 mm, respectively. These values are below the minimum required contouring accuracy of 1 mm for small animal irradiations, and improve significantly upon state-of-the-art 2D U-Net-based AIMOS method. Moreover, the conformity indices of the 3d_fullres model also compare favourably to the interobserver variability for all target organs, whereas the 2D models perform poorly in this regard. Importantly, the 3d_fullres model offers 98% reduction in contouring time.
Influence of increasing SnO2 content on the mechanical, optical, and gamma-ray shielding characteristics of a lithium zinc borate glass system
Authors: Sayyed M. I. , Almuqrin Aljawhara H. , Mahmoud K. A. , Abouhaswa A. S.
Published: February 2022

A series of six samples were prepared based on the chemical composition of 65B2O3 + 20ZnO + (15-x)LiF + xSnO2 (where x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, and 1.25 mol%) to study the role of SnO2 on enhancing the optical and radiation attenuation capacity of the prepared glasses. The preparation of the glass series was performed using the melt quenching method at 1100 °C for 60 min. The density of the fabricated samples was measured using an MH-300A densimeter. The optical parameters of the fabricated glasses were calculated based on the spectrum recorded by a Cary 5000 UV–Vis–NIR double beam spectrophotometer in a wavelength range of 200 to 3000 nm. Furthermore, Monte Carlo simulation code and the XCOM online database were used to estimate the gamma-ray shielding capacity of the fabricated samples from 0.244 to 2.506 MeV. The results show enhanced gamma-ray shielding capacity due to the replacement of LiF by SnO2. The linear attenuation coefficient at 0.244 MeV was enhanced from 0.352 to 0.389 cm−1. The half-value thickness of the investigated glasses decreased from 1.967 to 1.784 cm when the increasing addition of SnO2 from 0 to 1.25 mol%.
Spatial patterns of urbanising landscapes in the North Indian Punjab show features predicted by fractal theory
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Thi , Hoffmann Ellen , Buerkert Andreas
Published: February 2022

Understanding and governing human settlement patterns is a major challenge of the urban age. While rural settlements emerge as parts of agricultural landscapes, cities typically evolve in economically strategic locations, and over time form hierarchical systems of cities. Purposeful planning and the collective, self-organized behavior of the inhabitants interact in the development of regional settlement patterns. Since self-organizing systems often produce fractal patterns in nature, this study combines approaches of land use science, city ranking, and urban planning under a fractal theory framework, to analyze the settlement system of the Indian Punjab. Scaling levels were defined by discontinuities in the size distribution of built-up areas (Global Urban Footprint), which correlated to population-based classifications (r = 0.9591). Self-similarity across scales was supported by geo-statistical similarity (p < 0.05) of distances and angles between settlements of successive classes, and the overall fractal dimension of DB = 1.95. When compared to a modeled Sierpinski Carpet, more than 50% of the settlements met the fractal geometry rules at larger scales. The spatial distribution of small villages, however, deviated, indicating a scale-related shift in organizing principles. Explicitly acknowledging cross-scale relations and self-organisation in regional planning policies may lead to more sustainable settlement structures that are in harmony with natural system properties.
Unique current connecting Southern and Indian Oceans identified from radium distributions
Authors: Inoue Mutsuo , Hanaki Shotaro , Kameyama Hiroaki , Kumamoto Yuichiro , Nagao Seiya
Published: February 2022

We examined the spatial variations in226Ra and228Ra (activities) concentrations from the surface to a depth of 830 m in the Indian and Southern Oceans from December 2019 to January 2020.226Ra concentrations at the surface increased sharply from 30° S to 60° S along a ~ 55° E transect (1.4–2.9 mBq/L), exhibiting small vertical variations, while228Ra decreased southward and became depleted in the Southern Ocean. These distributions indicated the ocean-scale northward lateral transport of226Ra-rich and228Ra-depleted currents originating from the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC).226Ra concentrations indicated that the fractions of the ACC at depths of 0–800 m decreased from 0.95 to 0.14 between 60° S and 30° S. The ACC fractions in the subantarctic western Indian Ocean were higher than those previously reported in the eastern Indian region, indicating preferential transport of the ACC. The fractions obtained were approximately equivalent to those in the western Indian Ocean in the 1970s. This could be attributed to the minimal southward shift of the polar front due to global warming over the last 50 years.
Analysis of colonic mucosa-associated microbiota using endoscopically collected lavage
Authors: Miyauchi Eiji , Taida Takashi , Kawasumi Masami , Ohkusa Toshifumi , Sato Nobuhiro , Ohno Hiroshi
Published: February 2022

The bacterial composition of the gut lumen and mucosa is distinct and the mucosa-associated bacteria are thought to play a more critical role in interactions with the host immune system. However, limited studies of the gut mucosal microbiota in humans have been available due to methodological challenges. Here, we evaluated the potential use of colonic lavage samples for mucosal microbiota analysis in humans. Among the different types of colonic mucosal samples collected from healthy volunteers, the lavage samples contained a higher amount of bacterial DNA and were less contaminated with host DNA compared to mucosal brushing (brush) and biopsy. Although 16S gene amplicon sequencing showed that the bacterial composition of the lavage was intermediate between that of feces and biopsy, mucosal bacteria abundant in the biopsy were also enriched in lavage samples. Furthermore, differences in mucosal microbes between non-smokers and smokers were detectable in lavage samples. Our data emphasize that colonic lavage is suitable for analysis of the mucosal microbiota. Given its minimal invasiveness and high bacterial DNA content, the colonic lavage will promote research on the human mucosal microbiota, especially in gastrointestinal disorders.
Mnemonic-opto-synaptic transistor for in-sensor vision system
Authors: Han Joon-Kyu , Chung Young-Woo , Sim Jaeho , Yu Ji-Man , Lee Geon-Beom , Kim Sang-Hyeon , Choi Yang-Kyu
Published: February 2022

A mnemonic-opto-synaptic transistor (MOST) that has triple functions is demonstrated for an in-sensor vision system. It memorizes a photoresponsivity that corresponds to a synaptic weight as a memory cell, senses light as a photodetector, and performs weight updates as a synapse for machine vision with an artificial neural network (ANN). Herein the memory function added to a previous photodetecting device combined with a photodetector and a synapse provides a technical breakthrough for realizing in-sensor processing that is able to perform image sensing and signal processing in a sensor. A charge trap layer (CTL) was intercalated to gate dielectrics of a vertical pillar-shaped transistor for the memory function. Weight memorized in the CTL makes photoresponsivity tunable for real-time multiplication of the image with a memorized photoresponsivity matrix. Therefore, these multi-faceted features can allow in-sensor processing without external memory for the in-sensor vision system. In particular, the in-sensor vision system can enhance speed and energy efficiency compared to a conventional vision system due to the simultaneous preprocessing of massive data at sensor nodes prior to ANN nodes. Recognition of a simple pattern was demonstrated with full sets of the fabricated MOSTs. Furthermore, recognition of complex hand-written digits in the MNIST database was also demonstrated with software simulations.
Study on the factors affecting cracking of earthen soil under dry shrinkage and freeze–thaw conditions
Authors: Yue Jianwei , Huang Xuanjia , Zhao Limin , Wang Zifa
Published: February 2022

Earthen sites are easily eroded by the natural environment, resulting in many micro-cracks on the surface. To explore the effects of environmental effects such as drying shrinkage and freeze–thaw on surface cracking, orthogonal tests that imposed these effects on the Zhouqiao site were conducted. Using range analysis, image processing technology, surface strength measurement and microstructure characteristic analysis, this paper explores the effects of soil thickness, water content, dry shrinkage, freeze–thaw cycles and other factors on the morphological characteristics of the site’s surface cracks. The results show that under the action of dry shrinkage, the thickness of soil layer is the primary factor affecting the cracking of earthen soil. The thinner the thickness of soil layer, the lower the moisture content, and the more serious the cracking. The initial moisture content is the most disadvantageous factor affecting the reduction of the surface strength of the earthen soil. The strength around the soil sample is lower than that inside, and there are more cracks. Under the action of freezing and thawing, the main factors affecting the cracking and surface strength reduction of earthen soil are the initial water content and soil layer thickness, and the thicker the soil layer, the smaller the crack development and the lower the surface strength. Scanning electron microscope results show that under dry shrinkage and freeze–thaw conditions, the internal cracks of the soil samples exhibit different shape characteristics. Intergranular cracks appear most often under dry shrinkage conditions, and isolated cracks appear most often in the soil samples from the freeze–thaw cycle test. The cracks caused by these two types of external environment factors damage the earthen soil. According to the tension failure model and the definition of the first frost heaving theory, it can be determined that when the micro pore force F and the maximum frost heaving pressure PImax are greater than the cohesion of the soil sample, the soil sample will germinate cracks.
A rapid gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and sulfur heterocycles in spilled crude oils
Authors: Filewood Taylor , Kwok Honoria , Brunswick Pamela , Yan Jeffrey , Ollinik Jessica E. , Cote Christopher , Kim Marcus , van Aggelen Graham , Helbing Caren C. , Shang Dayue
Published: February 2022

Successful analysis of polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles (PASH) and their alkylated forms (APASH) was completed for various crude oil samples.
Nine days extended release of adenosine from biocompatible MOFs under biologically relevant conditions
Authors: El-Mehalmey Worood A. , Latif Najma , Ibrahim Ahmed H. , Haikal Rana R. , Mierzejewska Paulina , Smolenski Ryszard T. , Yacoub Magdi H. , Alkordi Mohamed H.
Published: February 2022

The stability of Zr–MOFs and the widely used Zn-based (ZIF-8) was investigated in physiologically relevant media, where detailed mechanistic investigations clearly demonstrated that the observed cytotoxicity of ZIF-8 is linked to its structural instability in simulant fluids, in contrast to the highly stable Zr-MOFs.
Hydrogel adhesive formed via multiple chemical interactions: from persistent wet adhesion to rapid hemostasis
Authors: Liang Min , Wei Dandan , Yao Zhangyu , Ren Pengfei , Dai Jidong , Xu Li , Zhang Tianzhu , Zhang Qianli
Published: February 2022

A physicochemically double cross-linked hydrogel was developed, which presents rapid hemostasis performance as well as persistent wet adhesion.
Multivariate metal–organic framework MTV-MIL-101 via post-synthetic cation exchange: is it truly achievable?
Authors: Zorainy Mahmoud Y. , Titi Hatem M. , Kaliaguine Serge , Boffito Daria C.
Published: February 2022

Applying Szilágyi's procedure for the SACS process using aqueous solutions resulted in the formation of the metal oxide particles. However, by using DMF, mixed-metal MIL-101 was successfully obtained.
Glycerol-driven denitratation: process kinetics, microbial ecology, and operational controls
Authors: Baideme Matthew , Long Chenghua , Plante Luke , Starke Jeffrey , Butkus Michael , Chandran Kartik
Published: February 2022

This study implicated stoichiometric limitation of influent organic carbon, unique microbial community enrichment, and differential nitrate and nitrite reduction kinetics as determinant factors in glycerol-driven denitratation.
Citrus depressaHayata peel ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver and modulates the activity of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in rats fed a high-fat diet
Authors: Li Mei-Ling , Huang Chun-Yin , Chen Szu-Han , Lee Chia-Ni , Yao Hsien-Tsung
Published: February 2022

Citrus depressaHayata is a small, green citrus fruit native to Taiwan and Japan.
Bifidobacterium bifidum relieved DSS-induced colitis in mice potentially by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Authors: Cui Qing-yu , Tian Xiao-ying , Liang Xi , Zhang Zhe , Wang Rui , Zhou Yu , Yi Hua-xi , Gong Pi-min , Lin Kai , Liu Tong-jie , Zhang Lan-wei
Published: February 2022

Two Bifidobacterium bifidum strains could exert their anti-inflammatory and intestinal barrier protecting effects both in vitro and in vivo, upregulate the expression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in mice with DSS-induced colitis.
Functionally graded magnetodielectric composite substrates for massive miniaturization of microstrip antennas
Authors: Lekshmi Deepa Rajendran , Adarsh Sivan Pillai , Bayal Manikanta , Nair Swapna Shanmukhan , Surendran Kuzhichalil Peethambharan
Published: February 2022

In the present work, an axially anisotropic magnetodielectric composite, based on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)–NiFe2O4(NFO), was designed for realizing miniaturized antennas.
The electronic structure of the metal–organic interface of isolated ligand coated gold nanoparticles
Authors: Schürmann Robin , Titov Evgenii , Ebel Kenny , Kogikoski Sergio , Mostafa Amr , Saalfrank Peter , Milosavljević Aleksandar R. , Bald Ilko
Published: February 2022

Light induced electron transfer reactions of molecules on the surface of noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) depend significantly on the electronic properties of the metal–organic interface.
Cu0.33@Co0.22Ni0.45 core–shell nanoparticles as hydrogen generation catalysts via hydrolysis of ammonia borane
Authors: Shang Wei , Yang Xiaojing , Sang Wanlu
Published: February 2022

A Cu0.33@Co0.22Ni0.45 core–shell nanocatalyst was produced for hydrolysis of ammonia borane and hydrogen generation. The catalyst has high hydrogen release rate, low activation energies, high cycle performance and excellent structural stability.
Defects in an orthorhombic MoAlB MAB phase thin film grown at moderate synthesis temperature
Authors: Sahu Rajib , Bogdanovski Dimitri , Achenbach Jan-Ole , Schneider Jochen M. , Scheu Christina
Published: February 2022

Atomic scale characterization reveals various defects in a MoAlB (MAB) phase thin film grown by DC sputtering at a synthesis temperature of 700 °C.
Copper-catalyzed direct sulfenoamination of saturated ketones via in situ formed enaminones
Authors: Wang Jiateng , Zhuang Yunqing , Zhao Jie , Bi Yusong , Li Chunyan , Bi Gehua , Yang Kai , Huang Xin , Zhang Weimin
Published: February 2022

The synthesis of α-thiolated enaminones via in situ formed enaminones, combining the S–N bond cleavage of sulfenamides with the α,β-desaturation of saturated ketones.
Effect of radical copolymerization of the (oxa)norbornene end-group of RAFT-prepared macromonomers on bottlebrush copolymer synthesis via ROMP
Authors: Naguib Mohamed , Nixon Kate L. , Keddie Daniel J.
Published: February 2022

Herein we demonstrate the effect that the structure of olefinic end-group (i.e. oxanorbornenyl vs norbornenyl) has upon the outcome of both macromonomer preparation by RAFT polymerization and subsequent bottlebrush polymer synthesis by ROMP.
Pyrene label used as a scale for sequence-controlled functionalized polymers
Authors: Yang Lincan , Han Li , Zhu Hong , Ma Hongwei
Published: February 2022

Pyrene-labeled sequence-controlled polymers (SCPs) was synthesized, and the differences among sequences were reflected directly by pyrene luminescence. The pyrene label can be used as a quantitative scale for characterizing SCPs.
Stabilizing V2O3 in carbon nanofiber flexible films for ultrastable potassium storage
Authors: Yao Ge , Lin Minxi , Yang Jie , Wei Lingzhi , niu Helin , Luo Qiquan , Zheng Fangcai , Chen Qianwang
Published: February 2022

V2O3/CNF flexible films were evaluated as anodes for SIBs, delivering a brilliant sodium storage performance (175 mA h g−1 at 10 A g−1; capacity retention of 98% after 2500 cycles at 1 A g−1).
ADA′DA small molecule acceptors with non-fully-fused core units
Authors: Chen Xiujuan , Luo Yue , Lv Menglan , Yi Chenyi , Yin Meizhen , Liu Shengjian , Xiao Zuo , Ding Liming
Published: February 2022

Two ADA′DA acceptors with non-fully-fused core units were developed for organic solar cells.
Total synthesis and stereochemistry establishment of tumescenamide A
Authors: Xue Hong , Fan Shiming , Xu Jingzhe , Liu Shouxin
Published: February 2022

Tumescenamide A (1), isolated from Streptomyces tumescens YM23-20, consists of a cyclic depsipeptide and a side-chain 2,4-dimethylheptanoate (Dmh).
Non-monotonic variation of flow strength in nanochannels grafted with end-charged polyelectrolyte layers
Authors: Wu Peng , Sun Tao , Jiang Xikai
Published: February 2022

A non-monotonic variation of the strength of electroosmotic flow (V0) is reported for the electroosmotic flow through nanochannels grafted with end-charged polyelectrolytes at various separation using atomic simulations.
Donor moieties with D–π–a framing modulated electronic and nonlinear optical properties for non-fullerene-based chromophores
Authors: Arshad Muhammad Nadeem , Khalid Muhammad , Ghulam shabbir  , Asad Mohammad , Asiri Abdullah M. , Alotaibi Maha M. , Braga Ataualpa A. C. , Khan Anish
Published: February 2022

Herein, a series of non-fullerene-based substantial chromophores (FHD1–FHD6) with a D–π–A framework was designed from a synthesized non-fullerene compound (FH)viastructural tailoring with various donor moieties.
Controlling hydrogen release from remaining-intact Clathrate hydrates by electromagnetic fields: molecular engineering via microsecond non-equilibrium molecular dynamics
Authors: Krishnan Yogeshwaran , Rosingana Patricia Gomez , Ghaani Mohammad Reza , English Niall J.
Published: February 2022

Microsecond-long non-equilibrium molecular-dynamics simulation reveals that externally-applied electric fields (both static and alternating) manipulate and accelerate the H2-escape process from gas hydrates.
Thin film encapsulation for quantum dot light-emitting diodes using a-SiNx:H/SiOxNy/hybrid SiOx barriers
Authors: Lim Keun Yong , Kim Hong Hee , Noh Ji Hyun , Tak So Hyun , Yu Jae-Woong , Choi Won Kook
Published: February 2022

The extrapolated T50 at 100 cd m−2 for the a-SiNx:H/SiOxNy/hybrid SiOx (ASH)-encapsulated QD-LEDs is estimated to be 9804 h, which is compatible to that of 12112 h for glass lid encapsulated QD-LEDs.
Synthesis of UV/blue light-emitting aluminum hydroxide with oxygen vacancy and their application to electrically driven light-emitting diodes
Authors: Lee Heejae , Hong Ahyoung , Kwak Jeonghun , Lee Seonghoon
Published: February 2022

Ultraviolet/blue light-emitting aluminum hydroxide nanoparticles are prepared using a simple method and applied to the electrically driven light-emitting diode as an emissive layer.
Extraction of insoluble fibrous collagen for characterization and crosslinking with phenolic compounds from pomegranate byproducts for leather tanning applications
Authors: El Moujahed Sara , Errachidi Faouzi , Abou Oualid Hicham , Botezatu-Dediu Andreea-Veronica , Ouazzani Chahdi Fouad , Kandri Rodi Youssef , Dinica Rodica Mihaela
Published: February 2022

Green strategy for collagen and polyphenolic compound extraction. Fruitful combination of collagen-polyphenolsviacrosslinking with high compatibility.
Construction of ferulic acid modified porous starch esters for improving the antioxidant capacity
Authors: Zhang Shenggui , Li Haiyan , Li Min , Chen Guopeng , Ma Yunxiang , Wang Yue , Chen Jinfeng
Published: February 2022

For exploration of a type of synthetic antioxidant dietary fiber (ADF), porous starch (PS), modified by esterification with ferulic acid (FA) moieties, was synthesized successfully, with different degree of substitution (DS).
Streptomyces chiangmaiensisSSUT88A mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: characterization and evaluation of antibacterial action against clinical drug-resistant strains
Authors: Rosyidah A'liyatur , Weeranantanapan Oratai , Chudapongse Nuannoi , Limphirat Wanwisa , Nantapong Nawarat
Published: February 2022

The first synthesis of AgNPs byStreptomyces chiangmaiensiswhich had superior antibacterial action against serious drug-resistant pathogens than commercial AgNPs.
Individual iron(iii) glycerolate: synthesis and characterisation
Authors: Khonina Tat'yana G. , Nikitina Elena Yu. , Germov Alexander Yu. , Goloborodsky Boris Yu. , Mikhalev Konstantin N. , Bogdanova Ekaterina A. , Tishin Denis S. , Demin Alexander M. , Krasnov Victor P. , Chupakhin Oleg N. , Charushin Valery N.
Published: February 2022

Individual iron(iii) glycerolate was obtained and characterized; a method for the preparation of an iron(iii) glycerolate shell on the surface of Fe3O4MNPs was proposed.
Recovery of NH4+–N and PO43−–P from urine using sludge-derived biochar as a fertilizer: performance and mechanism
Authors: Yu Chaoyang
Published: February 2022

Sludge-derived biochar (BS) was prepared by pyrolyzing municipal sludge at different temperatures and was used to recover NH4+–N and PO43−–P from urine.
Single-pot tandem oxidative/C–H modification amidation process using ultrasmall PdNP-encapsulated porous organosilica nanotubes
Authors: Gholipour Behnam , Zonouzi Afsaneh , Rostamnia Sadegh , Liu Xiao
Published: February 2022

Herein, we studied a single-pot method with a dual catalysis process towards the conversion of primary aromatic alcohols to amides using ultrasmall PdNPs of controlled uniform size (1.8 nm) inside hybrid mesoporous organosilica nanotubes (MO-NTs).
Mean drop behavior in the standard liquid–liquid extraction systems on an L-shaped pulsed sieve-plate column: experiment and modeling
Authors: Ardestani Fatemeh , Ghaemi Ahad , Safdari Jaber , Hemmati Alireza
Published: February 2022

The effect of operating parameters on drop behavior was investigated experimentally in a L-shaped pulsed sieve-plate column (LPSPC).
Insight into carbon quantum dot–vesicles interactions: role of functional groups
Authors: Boruah Jayanta S. , Sankaranarayanan Kamatchi , Chowdhury Devasish
Published: February 2022

An interaction study at the nano–bio interface involving phosphatidylcholine vesicles (as a model cell membrane) and four different carbon dots bearing different functional groups (–COOH, –NH2, –OH, and BSA-coated).
In situelectrochemical investigation of the reaction progress between Zr and a CuCl–SnCl2mixture in a LiCl–KCl molten salt
Authors: Cai Yanqing , Chen Xinggang , Xu Ying , Xu Qian
Published: February 2022

A LiCl–KCl–ZrCl4melt was preparedviaa co-chlorination reaction between a binary mixture of CuCl–SnCl2and Zr, and the reaction progress was electrochemically monitored.
Hydrophilic oxygen radical absorbance capacity values of low-molecular-weight phenolic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Authors: Sakurai Shuhei , Kikuchi Akito , Gotoh Hiroaki
Published: February 2022

The hydrophilic oxygen radical absorbance capacity (H-OARC) assay measures the antioxidant capacity of compounds against the peroxyl radical, a reactive oxygen species.
Dual inhibition of the renin and angiotensin converting enzyme activities of aqueous extracts of 22 edible flower petals
Authors: Gao Yifang , Liu Xueting , Yang Wenqing , Li Xixi , Li Mengru , Li Fengjuan
Published: February 2022

In order to explore novel antihypertensive substances and fulfill high-value utilization of edible flowers, the inhibitory activities of aqueous extracts of 22 edible flower petals on renin and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) were investigated.
Novel urea derivative-loaded PLGA nanoparticles to inhibit caries-associated Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Zhang Mengyun , Liao Ying , Tong Xin , Yan Fuhua
Published: February 2022

1,3-Bis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea-loaded PLGA nanoparticles exhibited satisfactory physicochemical characteristics and significantly inhibited the growth and lactic acid production of S. mutans.
Effect of reaction conditions on the hydrogenolysis of polypropylene and polyethylene into gas and liquid alkanes
Authors: Chen Linxiao , Zhu Yifeng , Meyer Laura C. , Hale Lillian V. , Le Thuy T. , Karkamkar Abhi , Lercher Johannes A. , Gutiérrez Oliver Y. , Szanyi János
Published: February 2022

Hydrogenolysis of polypropylene and polyethylene provides a pathway to smaller hydrocarbons. We describe the impact of the polyolefin structure, reaction conditions, and presence of chlorine on the product distribution and branching degree.
N-Doped carbon nanotube encapsulated cobalt for efficient oxidative esterification of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Yu Linhao , Kasipandi Saravanan , Chen Hong , Li Yingying , Ma Xueli , Wen Zhe , Li Yongdan
Published: February 2022

A N-doped carbon nanotube encapsulated cobalt catalyst was prepared for oxidative esterification of 5-HMF to furan-2,5-dimethylcarboxylate, a promising precursor for polymers.
Stability matters, too – the thermodynamics of amyloid fibril formation
Authors: Buell Alexander K.
Published: February 2022

The thermodynamics of amyloid formation has largely been neglected compared to kinetic studies. In this review, the current state of the experimental exploration of amyloid thermodynamics is presented and important open questions are highlighted.
The greenest solar power? Life cycle assessment of foam-based flexible floatovoltaics
Authors: Hayibo Koami Soulemane , Mayville Pierce , Pearce Joshua M.
Published: February 2022

This study presents a life cycle analysis (LCA) of a 10 MW foam-based floatovoltaics (FPV) plant installed on Lake Mead, Nevada, U.S.
Rapid, interface-driven domain orientation in bottlebrush diblock copolymer films during thermal annealing
Authors: Patel Bijal B. , Walsh Dylan J. , Patel Kush , Kim Do Hoon , Kwok Justin J. , Guironnet Damien , Diao Ying
Published: February 2022

Thick (>20 μm) films of bottlebrush block copolymers self-assemble within minutes of thermal annealing between hard interfaces. Photonic properties are modified by thickness-dependent gradients of grain size and orientation between the surface and bulk.
Formation and growth of lithium phosphate chemical gardens
Authors: Emmanuel Michael , Lantos Emese , Horváth Dezső , Tóth Ágota
Published: February 2022

Lithium phosphate tubular structures grow in two stages around a liquid jet despite their linearly increasing volume.
The roles of nucleation and growth kinetics in determining Li metal morphology for Li metal batteries: columnar versus spherical growth
Authors: Jo Seunghyeon , Kwon Bomee , Oh Jeongeun , Lee Jeonghyeop , Park Kyobin , Lee Kyu Tae
Published: February 2022

The formation mechanism of columnar and spherical Li metal is demonstrated in terms of competition among the kinetics of heterogeneous Li nucleation on the substrate, Li growth, and homogeneous Li nucleation on Li metal.
Integrating boron atoms into ultrathin organic polymer for visible light photocatalytic CO2reduction to CH4with nearly 100% selectivity
Authors: Hou Linquan , Tang Guoen , Huang Hao , Yin Shiheng , Long Bei , Ali Atif , Deng Guo-Jun , Song Ting
Published: February 2022

A facile way to fabricate an ultrathin organic polymer with B as the active site for nearly 100% selective CO2-to-CH4conversion under visible light illumination.
Machine learning assisted high-throughput screening of transition metal single atom based superb hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts
Authors: Umer Muhammad , Umer Sohaib , Zafari Mohammad , Ha Miran , Anand Rohit , Hajibabaei Amir , Abbas Ather , Lee Geunsik , Kim Kwang S.
Published: February 2022

Carbon-based transition metal (TM) single-atom catalysts (SACs) have shown great potential toward electrochemical water splitting and H2 production.
Conjugated polyelectrolytes for stable perovskite solar cells based on methylammonium lead triiodide
Authors: Kim Yong Ryun , Kim Juae , Kim Heejoo , Back Hyungcheol , Kim Geunjin , Gu Ayeong , Nam Chang-Yong , Kim Ju-Hyeon , Suh Hongsuk , Lee Kwanghee
Published: February 2022

Despite the outstanding role of conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) in organic solar cells, the use of CPEs in perovskite solar cells has rarely been reported due to instability issues of the material itself under operating conditions.
Plasma-induced transformation: a new strategy to in situ engineer MOF-derived heterointerface for high-efficiency electrochemical hydrogen evolution
Authors: Kong Xin , Liu Guiyang , Peng Hui-Qing , Xu Zian , Bu Shuyu , Liu Bin , Zhang Wenjun
Published: February 2022

A novel, simple, and environmentally friendly plasma induced transformation approach to in situ engineer MOF-derived heterointerface catalyst is reported.
Fe3+-Coordination mediated synergistic dual-network conductive hydrogel as a sensitive and highly-stretchable strain sensor with adjustable mechanical properties
Authors: Sun Xueying , Wang Haixiao , Ding Yi , Yao Yuanqing , Liu Yaqing , Tang Jun
Published: February 2022

Design, properties and applications of PANI-P(AAm-co-AA)@Fe3+.
Borophene as an emerging 2D flatland for biomedical applications: current challenges and future prospects
Authors: Yadav Shalu , Sadique Mohd. Abubakar , Kaushik Ajeet , Ranjan Pushpesh , Khan Raju , Srivastava Avanish K.
Published: February 2022

Borophene with biocompatibility, biostability, low cytotoxicity, and drug loading capabilities have been explored in various advanced IoT-based biomedical applications such as bio-imaging, biosensing, cancer therapy, diagnostic, and therapeutics.
3D printing of tough hydrogels based on metal coordination with a two-step crosslinking strategy
Authors: Guo Gang , Wu Yi , Du Cong , Yin Jun , Wu Zi Liang , Zheng Qiang , Qian Jin
Published: February 2022

A new method is reported for self-supporting 3D printing tough hydrogels with a coaxial 3D printing platform through a two-step crosslinking strategy.
Three-dimensional all-inorganic dual halogen emitter Cs2Cd2BrCl5 exhibiting broadband white-light emission
Authors: Xu Haiping , Dong Xuehua , Zhang Zhizhuan , Huang Ling , Zeng Hongmei , Lin Zhien , Zou Guohong
Published: February 2022

Three-dimensional all-inorganic dual halogen emitter Cs2Cd2BrCl5 exhibits broadband white-light emission, which is originated from self-trapped excitons.
Amplification of ferroptosis with a liposomal nanoreactor cooperates with low-toxicity doxorubicin apoptosis for enhanced tumor chemotherapy
Authors: Ji Peng , Wang Xianglong , Yin Jiabing , Yao Yansheng , Du Wangqi
Published: February 2022

Developed a novel DOX/ART@LiMOFs nanoreactor that can combine apoptosis and ferroptosis to realize enhanced chemotherapy.
Facile preparation, catalytic performance and reaction mechanism of MnxCo1−xOδ/3DOM-m Ti0.7Si0.2W0.1Oycatalysts for the simultaneous removal of soot and NOx
Authors: Wang Lanyi , Ren Yu , Yu Xuehua , Yu Di , Peng Chao , Zhou Qiang , Hou Jia , Zhong Chengming , Yin Chengyang , Fan Xiaoqiang , Zhao Zhen , Cheng Kai , Chen Yongsheng , Sojka Zbigniew , Kotarba Andrzej , Wei Yuechang , Liu Jian
Published: February 2022

MnxCo1−xOδ/3DOM-m Ti0.7Si0.2W0.1Oycatalysts exhibited good catalytic performance for the simultaneous removal of soot and NOx.
A SAR‐GMTI method based on changes of polarization characteristics before and after clutter suppression
Authors: Hao Xiaolong , Song Liwen , Liu Aifang , Xu Yifan , Huang Zu‐Zhen
Published: February 2022

Due to the azimuth shift and defocus of the moving targets in the synthetic aperture radar image domain, a new synthetic aperture radar ground moving target indication method is proposed in this letter based on the changes of moving targets’ polarization characteristics before and after clutter suppression. This method can effectively suppress the false alarms caused by the man‐made objects compared with the displaced phase centre array method in the complex scenes. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the real multi‐channel quadrature‐polarimetric synthetic aperture radar data.
Discovery and mass measurement of the hot, transiting, Earth-sized planet, GJ 3929 b
Authors: Kemmer J. , Dreizler S. , Kossakowski D. , Stock S. , Quirrenbach A. , Caballero J. A. , Amado P. J. , Collins K. A. , Espinoza N. , Herrero E. , Jenkins J. M. , Latham D. W. , Lillo-Box J. , Narita N. , Pallé E. , Reiners A. , Ribas I. , Ricker G. , Rodríguez E. , Seager S. , Vanderspek R. , Wells R. , Winn J. , Aceituno F. J. , Béjar V. J. S. , Barclay T. , Bluhm P. , Chaturvedi P. , Cifuentes C. , Collins K. I. , Cortés-Contreras M. , Demory B.-O. , Fausnaugh M. M. , Fukui A. , Gómez Maqueo Chew Y. , Galadí-Enríquez D. , Gan T. , Gillon M. , Golovin A. , Hatzes A. P. , Henning Th. , Huang C. , Jeffers S. V. , Kaminski A. , Kunimoto M. , Kürster M. , López-González M. J. , Lafarga M. , Luque R. , McCormac J. , Molaverdikhani K. , Montes D. , Morales J. C. , Passegger V. M. , Reffert S. , Sabin L. , Schöfer P. , Schanche N. , Schlecker M. , Schroffenegger U. , Schwarz R. P. , Schweitzer A. , Sota A. , Tenenbaum P. , Trifonov T. , Vanaverbeke S. , Zechmeister M.
Published: February 2022

We report the discovery of GJ 3929 b, a hot Earth-sized planet orbiting the nearby M3.5 V dwarf star, GJ 3929 (G 180-18, TOI-2013). Joint modelling of photometric observations from TESS sectors 24 and 25 together with 73 spectroscopic observations from CARMENES and follow-up transit observations from SAINT-EX, LCOGT, and OSN yields a planet radius of Rb = 1.150 ± 0.040 R⊕, a mass of Mb = 1.21 ± 0.42 M⊕, and an orbital period of Pb = 2.6162745 ± 0.0000030 d. The resulting density of ρb = 4.4 ± 1.6 g cm−3 is compatible with the Earth’s mean density of about 5.5 g cm−3. Due to the apparent brightness of the host star (J = 8.7 mag) and its small size, GJ 3929 b is a promising target for atmospheric characterisation with the JWST. Additionally, the radial velocity data show evidence for another planet candidate with P[c] = 14.303 ± 0.035 d, which is likely unrelated to the stellar rotation period, Prot = 122 ± 13 d, which we determined from archival HATNet and ASAS-SN photometry combined with newly obtained TJO data.
A new estimation of astrometric exoplanet detection limits in the habitable zone around nearby stars
Authors: Meunier N. , Lagrange A.-M.
Published: February 2022

Context. Astrometry is less sensitive to stellar activity than the radial velocity technique when attempting to detect Earth mass planets in the habitable zone of solar-type stars. This is due to a smaller number of physical processes affecting the signal, and a larger ratio of the amplitude of the planetary signal to the stellar signal than with radial velocities. A few high-precision astrometric missions have therefore been proposed over the past two decades.

Aims. We aim to re-estimate the detection limits in astrometry for the nearby stars which are the main targets proposed for the THEIA astrometric mission, which is the most elaborate mission to search for planets, and to characterise its performance on the fitted parameters. This analysis is performed for the 55 F-G-K stars in the THEIA sample.

Methods. We used realistic simulations of stellar activity and selected those that correspond best to each star in terms of spectral type and average activity level. Then, we performed blind tests to estimate the performance.

Results. We find worse detection limits compared to those previously obtained for that sample based on a careful analysis of the false positive rate, with values typically in the Earth-mass regime for most stars of the sample. The difference is attributed to the fact that we analysed full time series, adapted to each star in the sample, rather than using the expected solar jitter only. Although these detection limits have a relatively low signal-to-noise ratio, the fitted parameters have small uncertainties.

Conclusions. We confirm the low impact of stellar activity on exoplanet detectability for solar-type stars, although it plays a significant role for the closest stars such as α Cen A and B. We identify the best targets to be the stars with a close habitable zone. However, for the few stars in the sample with a habitable zone corresponding to long periods, namely subgiants, the THEIA observational strategy is not well adapted and should prevent the detection of planets in the habitable zone, unless a longer mission can be proposed.