bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outbreak of Paratyphoid Fever Caused by Contaminated Street-Vended Food at Qingyang Town, China, 2016
Authors: Zhang Qi , Sha Dan , Chen Yujun , Yao Jianxiang , Gao Yumeng , Liu Juan , Ji Lin , Shi Ping , Shi Chao
Published: December 2022

In 2016, an outbreak of paratyphoid fever occurred in 40 cases at Qingyang town, in China. A case-control study was carried out to determine the source of this outbreak. Case-control study was conducted to identify the risk factors of this outbreak. The cases were identified as patients with isolation of S. Paratyphi, controls were confirmed cases’ healthy classmates, colleagues or neighbors and matched by age (±5 y) and gender. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was performed to source tracking. Totally, 40 cases were reported: 24 cases were students, and 20 (20/24) of them were Qingyang High School students. For the case-control study, consuming Chinese egg pancakes was detected as a risk factor (OR1:1 = 5.000; 95% CI: 1.710-14.640), and hand-washing before meals was protective behavior compared with seldom hand-washing (OR1:1 = 23.256; 95% CI: 2.451-200.000). S. Paratyphi was cultured from a well water sample used for washing contents of the pancakes. Isolates from well water and paratyphoid cases showed the same PFGE patterns. Contaminated well water and Chinese egg pancakes were likely source and vehicle of this outbreak. Health education, especially handwashing, and food safety supervision should be promoted particularly in schools.
Translingual journey of English words and methodological suggestions
Authors: Kiaer Jieun , Calway Niamh , Ahn Hyejeong
Published: December 2022

The English language freely borrows words from many languages; this is a process which has been well documented by several studies, particularly in the field of contact linguistics. However, an investigation into the massive influence that the widespread, popular, and global use of the Internet has had on the development of language calls for consistent and frequent empirical enquiry. The rapid growth in the number and diversity of Internet users from various cultural and linguistic backgrounds, and the increasing popularity and influence of Asian cultures and languages on the English language, is currently occurring at an unprecedented level. This study employs several data collection methods to demonstrate the arbitrary transnational journey of a few selected culinary terms that showcase the flexible adaptation and creation processes through which these new additions to the English language have passed. We do this by using two common culinary terms, both of which have been adapted to describe Asian dishes, as an example.
Embodied cultural property: Contemporary and traditional dance practices
Authors: Whatley Sarah
Published: December 2022

This article discusses the implications of recording and digitizing a variety of cultural and contemporary dance performance practices, core to a European project known as WhoLoDancE, which focused on issues of reuse, ownership, property, and responsibility. The recordings and subsequent processing of dance material into digital data raised questions about the responsibilities to the dancers who have contributed their material to the project, particularly when it is transformed into data visualizations that can be accessed and reused by others. The article not only focuses on how value accrues in these kinds of resources and sometimes in unexpected ways but also draws attention to how dance remains bound to the communities in which it is performed and tends to resist its abstraction from the body to be commodified as a form of cultural property. This then points to how dance, as intangible cultural heritage, is self-regulating in terms of principles of ownership and attribution.
Potential factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among university students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional comparative study
Authors: Roy Debendra Nath , Azam Md. Shah , Biswas Mohitosh , Islam Ekramul
Published: December 2022

This study investigated Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine acceptance, and compared the potential factors influencing vaccine acceptance and hesitancy between public university (PuU) and private university (PrU) students in Bangladesh. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was sent to 640 PuU and 660 PrU students in Google Form between 25th September and 22nd November 2021, which resulted in the participation of 1034 (461 PuU vs. 573 PrU) respondents (response rate: 72.03% vs. 86.81%). The pooled vaccine acceptance rates among PuU and PrU students were almost similar (88.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 85.1–91.1 vs. 87.6%, 95% CI 84.6–90.6). Employing binary logistic regression to assess the association between various potential factors and vaccine acceptance, the study revealed that out of 10 predictors, ‘safety’ and ‘efficacy’ had highly significant positive associations with vaccine acceptance in both cohorts (P = 0.000, P = 0.005). ‘Political roles’ was found to have varied effects– a significant (P = 0.02) negative and a significant positive (P = 0.002) association with vaccine acceptance in PuU and PrU students, respectively. Additionally, ‘communication’ (P = 0.003) and ‘trust’ (P = 0.01) were found to have significant positive associations in PrU students while ‘rumours’ (P = 0.03) had negative association in PuU students. The odds of accepting the COVID-19 vaccine were 1.5 vs. 0.9 in PuU and PrU students. Although chi-square analysis did not show any significant association between gender and vaccine acceptance, discrepancies were found in the factors that potentially affect vaccine uptake decision between PuU and PrU students. COVID-19 vaccine uptake may be improved if vaccine-related information becomes available and is communicated to large numbers of people effectively. The implementation of multidisciplinary interventional educational programmes may also be considered as a preferred approach to improve student's engagement in pandemic awareness and vaccine readiness.
The treatment of PTSD in refugees and asylum seekers using imagery rescripting within an NHS setting
Authors: Steel Craig , Young Kerry , Akbar Sameena , Chessell Zoe , Stevens Adele , Vann Millay , Arntz Arnoud
Published: December 2022

Background:

Refugees and asylum seekers present with high levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), whilst little research has been conducted to assess the effectiveness or acceptability of psychological interventions for this group. Imagery rescripting is effective in reducing distressing intrusive memories within a range of conditions. The current study evaluates this approach for the treatment of PTSD in refugees and asylum seekers within a UK NHS service.

Aims:

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of using imagery rescripting for the treatment of PTSD in UK-based refugees and asylum seekers.

Method:

Ten adult service-users from an NHS specialist service with a primary diagnosis of PTSD were recruited as part of routine service delivery. A multiple baseline design was used with participants randomly allocated to a baseline varying from 5 to 9 weeks. A baseline wait-period was followed by up to five sessions of psychoeducation and treatment preparation, in turn followed by up to 10 sessions of imagery rescripting. The Post-traumatic Symptom Scale (PSS) and Physical Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were collected every week during baseline, at end of treatment and weekly for 5 weeks after treatment, and again at 12-week follow-up. Data were analysed with mixed regression.

Results:

Results indicate a significant improvement both in PTSD symptoms and mood, and that this was attributable to the imagery rescripting phase of the intervention, and not the passage of time or non-specific therapy factors.

Conclusions:

Evidence indicates imagery rescripting to be a safe and effective treatment choice for PTSD in refugees and asylum seekers.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Components of National Suicide Prevention Strategies
Authors: Schlichthorst Marisa , Reifels Lennart , Spittal Matthew , Clapperton Angela , Scurrah Katrina , Kolves Kairi , Platt Stephen , Pirkis Jane , Krysinska Karolina
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Background: National suicide prevention strategies support development of suicide prevention activities and their evaluation. Aims: To describe components included in national suicide prevention strategies and analyze the potential contribution of individual components to reduce suicide rates. Method: We conducted a narrative review and statistical analysis of national suicide prevention strategies. The narrative review was based on a framework of 12 components and included 29 countries (14 lower middle-income countries [LMICs] and 15 high-income countries [HICs]) with a national suicide prevention strategy. The statistical analyses covered suicide mortality data for 24 countries with a national strategy (9 LMICs and 15 HICs). Results: The number of components adopted in national strategies ranged from 4 to 11, and training and education were included in 96.5% of strategies. Estimated period effects for total suicide rates in individual countries ranged from a significant decrease in the yearly suicide rate (RR = 0.80; 95% CI 0.69–0.93) to a significant increase (RR = 1.12; 95% CI 1.05–1.19). There were no changes in suicide mortality associated with individual components of national strategies. Limitations: The limitations of existing suicide mortality data apply to our study. Conclusion: Further detailed evaluations will help identify the specific contribution of individual components to the impact national strategies. Until then, countries should be encouraged to implement and evaluate comprehensive national suicide prevention strategies.
A Method for Imaging Energetic Particle Precipitation With Subionospheric VLF Signals
Authors: Gasdia Forrest , Marshall Robert A.
Published: December 2022

Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) is a key loss mechanism for radiation belt particles. Quantification of the precipitation loss rate feeds into the electron lifetimes used by radiation belt models and is needed to improve understanding of radiation belt dynamics. EPP deposits most of its energy in the D‐region ionosphere, a layer so weakly ionized that it is not observed using standard ionosphere measurement techniques. However, very low frequency (VLF) radio signals propagate great distances because of the naturally occurring waveguide formed by Earth’s surface and the D‐region. If the ground conductivity is known along the propagation path to a receiver, then the amplitude and phase of a VLF transmitter signal can be used to infer the average conductivity of the D‐region ionosphere. This article simulates the propagation of narrowband VLF signals through realistic ionosphere profiles enhanced by EPP. By using a distributed array of VLF receivers, the observations can be simultaneously inverted to estimate the spatial extent of a precipitation patch. These images of the ionosphere are generated using the local ensemble transform Kalman filter. We demonstrate this method with several simulated observation experiments, including four EPP events. Precipitation patches are identified in daytime, but accurate estimation of nighttime ionospheres remains a challenge.
Mortality Attributable to Ambient Air Pollution: A Review of Global Estimates
Authors: Pozzer A. , Anenberg S. C. , Dey S. , Haines A. , Lelieveld J. , Chowdhury S.
Published: December 2022

Since the publication of the first epidemiological study to establish the connection between long‐term exposure to atmospheric pollution and effects on human health, major efforts have been dedicated to estimate the attributable mortality burden, especially in the context of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD). In this work, we review the estimates of excess mortality attributable to outdoor air pollution at the global scale, by comparing studies available in the literature. We find large differences between the estimates, which are related to the exposure response functions as well as the number of health outcomes included in the calculations, aspects where further improvements are necessary. Furthermore, we show that despite the considerable advancements in our understanding of health impacts of air pollution and the consequent improvement in the accuracy of the global estimates, their precision has not increased in the last decades. We offer recommendations for future measurements and research directions, which will help to improve our understanding and quantification of air pollution‐health relationships.
Simulation of a Future SLR Satellite to Improve Low‐Degree Gravity Estimates
Authors: Tucker E. S. , Nerem R. S. , Loomis B. D.
Published: December 2022

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE; 2002–2017) and GRACE Follow‐On (2018‐present) have observed Earth's monthly mass change with unprecedented spatial resolution. These missions have long relied on satellite laser ranging (SLR) measurements to replace the C2,0 coefficient, which GRACE recovers poorly. Recent work has also shown the need for SLR‐determined C3,0 when GRACE operates with a single accelerometer. However, it was not until the 2012 launch of the Laser Relativity Satellite that the SLR data gained the sensitivity to recover C3,0 accurately. These low‐degree gravity coefficients represent large‐scale mass transport and small changes in their values have implications for ice sheet, ocean mass, and water storage estimates. To fully exploit SLR's utility for time‐variable gravity (TVG), future satellite orbits should be selected to maximize their sensitivity to the gravity field. In this work, we present results from a simulation study of a hypothetical SLR satellite in which we generate 1 year of data to satellites placed across varying inclinations. We also simulate seven current SLR satellites to show realistic improvements from the new satellite. When compared to the known truth input, a low‐inclination satellite (<∼ 45°) most improves the low‐degree gravity terms, especially the even zonals which show a significant decorrelation. From this, we investigate recovery of the annual variability in the simulated signal and find recovery of the sine component improves by up to 41%. This has important implications when considering future SLR satellites in the context of TVG.
A Quantitative Comparison of High Latitude Electric Field Models During a Large Geomagnetic Storm
Authors: Orr L. , Grocott A. , Walach M.‐T. , Chisham G. , Freeman M. P. , Lam M. M. , Shore R. M.
Published: December 2022

Models of the high‐latitude ionospheric electric field (EF) are commonly used to specify the magnetospheric forcing in thermosphere or whole atmosphere models. The use of decades‐old models based on spacecraft data is still widespread. Currently the Heelis et al. (1982, https://doi.org/10.1029/ja087ia08p06339) and Weimer (2005b, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005ja011270) climatology models are most commonly used but it is possible a more recent EF model could improve forecasting functionality. Modern EF models, derived from radar data, have been developed to incorporate advances in data availability (Bristow et al., 2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021sw002920; Thomas & Shepherd, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/2018ja025280; Walach et al., 2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021ja029559). It is expected that climatologies based on this larger and up‐to‐date data set will better represent the high latitude ionosphere and improve forecasting abilities. An example of two such models, which have been developed using line‐of‐sight velocity measurements from the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) are the Thomas and Shepherd model (TS18) (Thomas & Shepherd, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/2018ja025280), and Walach and Grocott geomagnetic Storm model (WGS21) (Walach et al., 2021, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020ja028512). Here we compare the outputs of these EF models during the September 2017 storm, covering a range of solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions. We explore the relationships between the IMF conditions and the model output parameters such as transpolar voltage, the polar cap size and the lower latitude boundary of convection. We find that the electric potential and field parameters from the spacecraft‐based models have a significantly higher magnitude than the SuperDARN‐based models. We discuss the similarities and differences in topology and magnitude for each model.
Benchmarking brain organoid recapitulation of fetal corticogenesis
Authors: Cheroni Cristina , Trattaro Sebastiano , Caporale Nicolò , López-Tobón Alejandro , Tenderini Erika , Sebastiani Sara , Troglio Flavia , Gabriele Michele , Bressan Raul Bardini , Pollard Steven M. , Gibson William T. , Testa Giuseppe
Published: December 2022

Brain organoids are becoming increasingly relevant to dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying psychiatric and neurological conditions. The in vitro recapitulation of key features of human brain development affords the unique opportunity of investigating the developmental antecedents of neuropsychiatric conditions in the context of the actual patients’ genetic backgrounds. Specifically, multiple strategies of brain organoid (BO) differentiation have enabled the investigation of human cerebral corticogenesis in vitro with increasing accuracy. However, the field lacks a systematic investigation of how closely the gene co-expression patterns seen in cultured BO from different protocols match those observed in fetal cortex, a paramount information for ensuring the sensitivity and accuracy of modeling disease trajectories. Here we benchmark BO against fetal corticogenesis by integrating transcriptomes from in-house differentiated cortical BO (CBO), other BO systems, human fetal brain samples processed in-house, and prenatal cortices from the BrainSpan Atlas. We identified co-expression patterns and prioritized hubs of human corticogenesis and CBO differentiation, highlighting both well-preserved and discordant trends across BO protocols. We evaluated the relevance of identified gene modules for neurodevelopmental disorders and psychiatric conditions finding significant enrichment of disease risk genes especially in modules related to neuronal maturation and synapsis development. The longitudinal transcriptomic analysis of CBO revealed a two-step differentiation composed of a fast-evolving phase, corresponding to the appearance of the main cell populations of the cortex, followed by a slow-evolving one characterized by milder transcriptional changes. Finally, we observed heterochronicity of differentiation across BO models compared to fetal cortex. Our approach provides a framework to directly compare the extent of in vivo/in vitro alignment of neurodevelopmentally relevant processes and their attending temporalities, structured as a resource to query for modeling human corticogenesis and the neuropsychiatric outcomes of its alterations.
Overcoming apoptotic resistance afforded by Bcl-2 in lymphoid tumor cells: a critical role for dexamethasone
Authors: Bortner Carl D. , Oakley Robert H. , Cidlowski John A.
Published: December 2022

Bcl-2 is an anti-apoptotic protein that promotes cell survival and resistance to cell death. Predictably, Bcl-2 as well as other anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members have been found to be overexpressed in a variety of human cancers. Approaches to overcome apoptotic resistance afforded by Bcl-2 in cells include anti-sense oligonucleotides, drugs that inhibit Bcl-2 function, and BH3 mimics have not been universally effective; thus, the need to understand the underlying mechanism of this resistance is vital. Glucocorticoids are stress hormones that act through their cognate receptors to control the transcription of numerous target genes, and in turn regulate a diverse array of biological processes. Synthetic glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone, are prescribed in many chemotherapy protocols for neoplasms of lymphoid origin based on their ability to inhibit lymphocyte proliferation and promote apoptosis. However, lymphoid cells expressing Bcl-2 are resistant to glucocorticoid-induced cell death. We observed both pro- and anti-apoptotic characteristics in lymphoid cells expressing Bcl-2 following glucocorticoid treatment. These cells exhibited a profound change in their intracellular ionic composition, but a limited apoptotic ion flux and the absence of cell death. Provocatively, mimicking the loss of intracellular potassium using a low dose of a microbial toxin that acts as a potassium ionophore in combination with dexamethasone overcame the resistance afforded by Bcl-2 and killed the cells. Extending our study using other potassium ionophores revealed that direct depolarization of the mitochondria membrane potential coupled with prior treatment with glucocorticoids is the key mechanism for activating the cell death program and bypassing the resistance afforded by Bcl-2 in lymphoid cells. Finally, we show that the duration of dexamethasone pre-treatment is critical for regulating distinct genes and signaling pathways that sensitize the cells to die.
Urban population structure and dispersal of an Australian mosquito (Aedes notoscriptus) involved in disease transmission
Authors: Paris Véronique , Rane Rahul V. , Mee Peter T. , Lynch Stacey E. , Hoffmann Ary A. , Schmidt Thomas L.
Published: December 2022

Dispersal is a critical parameter for successful pest control measures as it determines the rate of movement across target control areas and influences the risk of human exposure. We used a fine-scale spatial population genomic approach to investigate the dispersal ecology and population structure of Aedes notoscriptus, an important disease transmitting mosquito at the Mornington Peninsula, Australia. We sampled and reared Ae. notoscriptus eggs at two time points from 170 traps up to 5 km apart and generated genomic data from 240 individuals. We also produced a draft genome assembly from a laboratory colony established from mosquitoes sampled near the study area. We found low genetic structure (Fst) and high coancestry throughout the study region. Using genetic data to identify close kin dyads, we found that mosquitoes had moved distances of >1 km within a generation, which is further than previously recorded. A spatial autocorrelation analysis of genetic distances indicated genetic similarity at >1 km separation, a tenfold higher distance than for a comparable population of Ae. aegypti, from Cairns, Australia. These findings point to high mobility of Ae. notoscriptus, highlighting challenges of localised intervention strategies. Further sampling within the same area 6 and 12 months after initial sampling showed that egg-counts were relatively consistent across time, and that spatial variation in egg-counts covaried with spatial variation in Wright’s neighbourhood size (NS). As NS increases linearly with population density, egg-counts may be useful for estimating relative density in Ae. notoscriptus. The results highlight the importance of acquiring species-specific data when planning control measures.
Direct attenuation of Arabidopsis ERECTA signalling by a pair of U-box E3 ligases
Authors: Chen Liangliang , Cochran Alicia M. , Waite Jessica M. , Shirasu Ken , Bemis Shannon M. , Torii Keiko U.
Published: December 2022

Plants sense a myriad of signals through cell-surface receptors to coordinate their development and environmental response. The Arabidopsis ERECTA receptor kinase regulates diverse developmental processes via perceiving multiple EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR (EPF)/EPF-LIKE peptide ligands. How the activated ERECTA protein is turned over is unknown. Here we identify two closely related plant U-box ubiquitin E3 ligases, PUB30 and PUB31, as key attenuators of ERECTA signalling for two developmental processes: inflorescence/pedicel growth and stomatal development. Loss-of-function pub30 pub31 mutant plants exhibit extreme inflorescence/pedicel elongation and reduced stomatal numbers owing to excessive ERECTA protein accumulation. Ligand activation of ERECTA leads to phosphorylation of PUB30/31 via BRI1-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (BAK1), which acts as a coreceptor kinase and a scaffold to promote PUB30/31 to associate with and ubiquitinate ERECTA for eventual degradation. Our work highlights PUB30 and PUB31 as integral components of the ERECTA regulatory circuit that ensure optimal signalling outputs, thereby defining the role for PUB proteins in developmental signalling.
Nanofiber formation as a promising technology for preservation and easy storage of extracellular vesicles
Authors: Németh Krisztina , Kazsoki Adrienn , Visnovitz Tamás , Pinke Balázs , Mészáros László , Buzás Edit I. , Zelkó Romána
Published: December 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived, membrane-enclosed particles with the potential for a wide range of future therapeutic applications. However, EVs have almost always been administered by direct injection, likely hindering their efficacy because of rapid clearance from the injection site. The present study aimed to incorporate medium-sized extracellular vesicles (mEVs) into fast-dissolving electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone-based nanofibers to explore the storage-dependent structure–activity relationship of the resulting nanofibrous formulations. Aqueous polyvinylpyrrolidone-based precursor solutions were selected for the electrospinning process. The presence of EVs in the electrospun samples was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and confocal laser scanning microscope. The results indicate that the fibrous structure of the samples was preserved until the end of the 12-week storage period. Furthermore, regardless of the storage temperature (4 °C or room temperature), nanofibers and nanofiber-associated EVs were present throughout the experimental period. Incorporating EVs into a stable solid polymeric delivery base could preserve their stability; meanwhile, according to the characteristics of the polymer, their targeted and controlled release can be achieved.
Microstructural response and wear behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V impregnated with Ni/Al2O3 + TiO2 nanostructured coating using an electric arc
Authors: Cooke Kavian , Alhubaida Abdulrahman
Published: December 2022

Titanium alloys are known for their excellent corrosion resistance; however, low surface hardness results in poor wear resistance, which limits its potential application. This study employs a novel two-step process to embed a hard Ni coating containing a mixture of nanosized particles (Al2O3 and TiO2) into the surface of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy using an electric arc produced during the inert tungsten gas welding process. The surface of the sample was evaluated using Vickers Microhardness, Scanning electron microscopy, Energy dispersive spectroscopy and pin-on-plate wear testing. Microstructural analysis showed that impregnating the titanium surface with Ni/(Al2O3 and TiO2) nanomaterials resulted in the formation of a hard martensitic structure to a depth of approximately 2 mm below the surface. The changes observed are driven by modification of the surface chemistry and the presence of nickel, causing grain size reduction, solid solution strengthening and dispersion strengthening of the treated layer by the nanoparticles. The hardness of the treated layer increased by more than 180% when 40 nm Al2O3 and 30 nm TiO2 particles were embedded into the surface. Similarly, the wear resistance of the treated surface improved by 100%.
JAG1 is associated with the prognosis and metastasis in breast cancer
Authors: Qiao Xiaojuan , Ma Buhuan , Sun Weiting , Zhang Ning , Liu Yang , Jia Lizhou , Liu Caixia
Published: December 2022

Jagged canonical Notch ligand 1 (JAG1) regulates the progression of many cancers by the Notch signaling pathway, but its role in breast cancer (BC) remains unclear. In this research, JAG1 protein expression in BC tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. The association between JAG1 and clinical significance was analyzed. The effect of JAG1 on malignant behaviors of BC cells was demonstrated by in vitro experiments. JAG1 expression in BC tissues was higher than that in para-carcinoma tissues. High JAG1 expression was significantly linked to advanced lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and the TNM stage. JAG1 was an independent prognostic factor for BC patients. JAG1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, motility, migration, and invasion of BC cells, and weakened adhesion and penetration abilities to the blood–brain barrier, whereas JAG1 overexpression had the opposite effects. JAG1 has the potential to be a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for BC patients.
Sleep quality among inpatients of Spanish public hospitals
Authors: Bellon Filip , Stremler Robyn , Rubinat-Arnaldo Esther , Padilla-Martínez Julia M. , Casado-Ramirez Elvira , Sánchez-Ortuño Montserrat , Gea-Sánchez Montserrat , Martin-Vaquero Yolanda , Moreno-Casbas Teresa , Abad-Corpa Eva
Published: December 2022

Sleep is a complex process and is needed both in health and illness. Deprivation of sleep is known to have multiple negative physiological effects on people’s bodies and minds. Despite the awareness of these harmful effects, previous studies have shown that sleep is poor among hospitalised patients. We utilized an observational design with 343 patients recruited from medical and surgical units in 12 hospitals located in nine Spanish regions. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients were collected. Sleep quality at admission and during hospitalisation was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep quantity was self-reported by patients in hours and minutes. Mean PSQI score before and during hospitalisation were respectively 8.62 ± 4.49 and 11.31 ± 4.04. Also, inpatients slept about an hour less during their hospital stay. Lower educational level, sedative medication intake, and multi-morbidity was shown to be associated with poorer sleep quality during hospitalisation. A higher level of habitual physical activity has shown to correlate positively with sleep quality in hospital. Our study showed poor sleep quality and quantity of inpatients and a drastic deterioration of sleep in hospital versus at home. These results may be helpful in drawing attention to patients’ sleep in hospitals and encouraging interventions to improve sleep.
Intergenic splicing-stimulated transcriptional readthrough is suppressed by nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in Arabidopsis
Authors: Kurihara Yukio , Makita Yuko , Kawauchi Masaharu , Kageyama Ami , Kuriyama Tomoko , Matsui Minami
Published: December 2022

Recent emerging evidence has shown that readthrough transcripts (RTs), including polycistronic mRNAs, are also transcribed in eukaryotes. However, the post-transcriptional regulation for these remains to be elucidated. Here, we identify 271 polycistronic RT-producing loci in Arabidopsis. Increased accumulation of RTs is detected in the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD)-deficient mutants compared with wild type, and the second open reading frames (ORFs) of bicistronic mRNAs are rarely translated in contrast to the first ORFs. Intergenic splicing (IS) events which occur between first and second genes are seen in 158 RTs. Splicing inhibition assays suggest that IS eliminates the chance of transcription termination at the polyadenylation sites of the first gene and promotes accumulation of RTs. These results indicate that RTs arise from genes whose transcription termination is relatively weak or attenuated by IS, but NMD selectively degrades them. Ultimately, this report presents a eukaryotic strategy for RNA metabolism.
ADAMTSL3 knock-out mice develop cardiac dysfunction and dilatation with increased TGFβ signalling after pressure overload
Authors: Rypdal Karoline B. , Olav Melleby A. , Robinson Emma L. , Li Jia , Palmero Sheryl , Seifert Deborah E. , Martin Daniel , Clark Catelyn , López Begoña , Andreassen Kristine , Dahl Christen P. , Sjaastad Ivar , Tønnessen Theis , Stokke Mathis K. , Louch William E. , González Arantxa , Heymans Stephane , Christensen Geir , Apte Suneel S. , Lunde Ida G.
Published: December 2022

Heart failure is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and can result from pressure overload, where cardiac remodelling is characterized by cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and death, fibrosis, and inflammation. In failing hearts, transforming growth factor (TGF)β drives cardiac fibroblast (CFB) to myofibroblast differentiation causing excessive extracellular matrix production and cardiac remodelling. New strategies to target pathological TGFβ signalling in heart failure are needed. Here we show that the secreted glycoprotein ADAMTSL3 regulates TGFβ in the heart. We found that Adamtsl3 knock-out mice develop exacerbated cardiac dysfunction and dilatation with increased mortality, and hearts show increased TGFβ activity and CFB activation after pressure overload by aortic banding. Further, ADAMTSL3 overexpression in cultured CFBs inhibits TGFβ signalling, myofibroblast differentiation and collagen synthesis, suggesting a cardioprotective role for ADAMTSL3 by regulating TGFβ activity and CFB phenotype. These results warrant future investigation of the potential beneficial effects of ADAMTSL3 in heart failure.
Photocurable and elastic polyurethane based on polyether glycol with adjustable hardness for 3D printing customized flatfoot orthosis
Authors: Zhao Yanyan , Zhong Jing , Wang Yilin , Chen Qiwei , Yin Junfeiyang , Wang Jiejie , Zhao Hong , Li Yanbing , Gong Haihuan , Huang Wenhua
Published: December 2022

An effective photo-curable printing technique (LCD) was employed to fabricate personalized arch-support insoles for the flatfoot based on polyurethane acrylate (PUA) composite resins.
Recent progress in nanomedicines for imaging and therapy of brain tumors
Authors: Hasan Ikram , Roy Shubham , Guo Bing , Du Shiwei , Tao Wei , Chang Chunqi
Published: December 2022

This article demonstrates the clinical challenges of crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and thereby outlines the application of nanomedicines for overcoming such issues for brain tumor imaging and therapy in a glioma mouse model.
Catalyst-free diazo cross-coupling to access useful 3(2H)-furanone derivatives
Authors: Sasane Amit Vijay , Liu Rai-Shung
Published: December 2022

Catalyst-free synthesis of 3(2H)-furanone derivatives has been achieved from metal-free cross-coupling of α-diazo ester and α-aryldiazo ketones.
Single-cell thermometry with a nanothermocouple probe
Authors: Huang Li-Qiu , Ding Xin-Lei , Pan Xiao-Tong , Li Zhong-Qiu , Wang Kang , Xia Xing-Hua
Published: December 2022

Herein, a nanopipette-based thermocouple probe that possesses high temperature resolution, rapid response, good reversibility and stability was constructed and successfully applied for single-cell temperature sensing.
Spectator-metal-ion-guided redox-dominant cobalt oxyhydroxide as a high-performance supercapacitor
Authors: Sahu Alpana , Pandey Peeyush , Bhowmick Sourav , Qureshi Mohammad
Published: December 2022

The ability of spectator metal ions such as vanadium to enhance the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors has been explained.
Covalent organic frameworks constructed from flexible building blocks: high porosity, crystallinity, and iodine uptake
Authors: Zhang Yuwei , Zhi Yongfeng , Zhao Yanning , Zhang Chunyu , Luo Xiaolong
Published: December 2022

Two covalent organic frameworks synthesized from flexible building blocks displayed good porosity, crystallinity, and high density of N and O atoms in the skeleton, which explained the high iodine capture ability at 5.51 g g−1.
Crystal growth and thermal properties of a LiY(MoO4)2 crystal
Authors: Rong Wanling , Liu Fuan , Chen Lijuan , Zhang Jian , Sun Youxuan , Gao Zeliang , Tao Xutang
Published: December 2022

A high-quality tetragonal LiY(MoO4)2 single crystal was grown by a top-seeded solution growth method. Based on the quality evaluation, the optical transmission and thermal properties of the LiY(MoO4)2 single crystal were fully characterized.
Computational evaluation of novel barium zinc chalcogenides Ba2ZnCh3 (Ch = S, Se, Te) for advanced optoelectronic applications
Authors: Salman Khan Muhammad , Gul Banat , Wafa Guenez , Khan Gulzar
Published: December 2022

Computed total and partial density of states plot for Ba2ZnS3 material.
Role of C and B4C barrier layers in controlling diffusion propagation across the interface of Cr/Sc multilayers
Authors: Sarkar P. , Biswas A. , Kumar Ravi , Rai S. , Jha S. N. , Bhattacharyya D.
Published: December 2022

The optical performance of low-bilayer-thickness metallic multilayers (ML) can be improved significantly by limiting the intermixing of consecutive layers at the interfaces.
Untangling product selectivity on clean low index rutile TiO2 surfaces using first-principles calculations
Authors: Malik Anum Shahid , Fredin Lisa A.
Published: December 2022

Reactivity and selectivity of stoichiometric low-index Miller surfaces of rutile TiO2 are mapped, and the proton-coupled electron transfer mechanism of oxygen evolution is evaluated for product selectivity on each surface.
Be3B11−cluster: a dynamically fluxional beryllo-borospherene
Authors: Wang Ying-Jin , Feng Lin-Yan , Yan Miao , Zhai Hua-Jin
Published: December 2022

Two isoenergetic isomers of the Be3B11−cluster, featuring the smallest trihedral spherical geometries, can interconvertviathe mechanism of “triangle-pyramid-triangle”, which facilitates the migration of boron atoms in the B11skeleton.
Metabolic glycoengineering – exploring glycosylation with bioorthogonal chemistry
Authors: Kufleitner Markus , Haiber Lisa Maria , Wittmann Valentin
Published: December 2022

Metabolic glycoengineering in combination with bioorthogonal chemistry provides a means to study and exploit the biological functions of glycans.
Correction: A comparative analysis of the efficiency, timing, and permanence of CO2 removal pathways
Authors: Chiquier Solene , Patrizio Piera , Bui Mai , Sunny Nixon , Mac Dowell Niall
Published: December 2022

Correction for ‘A comparative analysis of the efficiency, timing, and permanence of CO2 removal pathways’ by Solene Chiquier et al., Energy Environ. Sci., 2022, 15, 4389–4403, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2EE01021F.
Catalytic cracking of yeast-borne single-cell oil for the production of small-chain olefins over a PtSn/alumina catalyst
Authors: Agrawal Ankit , Bansal Neha , Raghav Himanshu , Jana Arijit , Goyal Reena , Ghosh Debashish , Bhaskar Thallada , Sarkar Bipul
Published: December 2022

The ever-growing demand for sustainable energy and chemicals associated with declining fossil reserves motivates the quest for alternative feedstocks and processes.
Spatial charge separation on the (110)/(102) facets of cocatalyst-free ZnIn2S4for the selective conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-diformylfuran
Authors: Zhao Heng , Trivedi Dhwanil , Roostaeinia Morteza , Yong Xue , Chen Jun , Kumar Pawan , Liu Jing , Su Bao-Lian , Larter Steve , Kibria Md Golam , Hu Jinguang
Published: December 2022

ZnIn2S4has been screened as the best photocatalyst for selective HMF conversion (91.1%) into DFF (99.4% selectivity). The active site retrieval has been found to be an efficent approach to extend the photocatalyst durability.
Quantitative, non-destructive elemental composition analysis of 3D-structured samples
Authors: Szentmiklósi László , Maróti Boglárka , Kis Zoltán
Published: December 2022

By combining the non-destructive position-sensitive prompt-gamma activation analysis, neutron computed tomography, and Monte Carlo computer simulations, quantitative matrix-effect correction of a structured, multi-component sample has been achieved.
Metal–organic framework composites from a mechanochemical process
Authors: Wang Wupeng , Chai Milton , Bin Zulkifli Muhammad Yazid , Xu Kaijie , Chen Yuelei , Wang Lianzhou , Chen Vicki , Hou Jingwei
Published: December 2022

This review summarizes the unique advantages and opportunities offered by the mechanochemical process to generate MOF composites.
Fluorescence anisotropy using highly polarized emitting dyes confined inside BNNTs
Authors: Badon A. , Marceau J.-B. , Allard C. , Fossard F. , Loiseau A. , Cognet L. , Flahaut E. , Recher G. , Izard N. , Martel R. , Gaufrès E.
Published: December 2022

Fluorescence anisotropy from 6T organic emitters aligned inside boron nitride nanotubes, themselves aligned in a polymeric matrix.
Robust and stable dual-band electrochromic smart window with multicolor tunability
Authors: Wang Qingke , Cao Sheng , Meng Qiancheng , Wang Ke , Yang Tao , Zhao Jialong , Zou Bingsuo
Published: December 2022

A robust and stable dual-band electrochromic smart window with multicolor tunability is developed by using typical organic electrochromic material polyaniline.
Direct observation of surface charge and stiffness of human metaphase chromosomes
Authors: Roh Seokbeom , Lee Taeha , Cheong Da Yeon , Kim Yeonjin , Oh Soohwan , Lee Gyudo
Published: December 2022

The biophysical properties of human metaphase chromosomes were directly measured by Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and PeakForce-quantitative nanomechanics (PF-QNM) with high resolution.
How clathrin-coated pits control nanoparticle avidity for cells
Authors: Zimmer Oliver , Goepferich Achim
Published: December 2022

‘Visibility’ of nanoparticles that bind to cell surfaces via receptors depends on nano-scale membrane morphology. Upon depletion of clathrin-coated pits, a two-orders of magnitude higher nanoparticle concentration is needed for cell binding.
Correction: Comprehensive investigations on the action of cationic terthiophene and bithiophene as corrosion inhibitors: experimental and theoretical studies
Authors: Fouda Abdelaziz S. , Ismail Mohamed A. , Temraz Aliaa M. , Abousalem Ashraf S.
Published: December 2022

Correction for ‘Comprehensive investigations on the action of cationic terthiophene and bithiophene as corrosion inhibitors: experimental and theoretical studies’ by Abdelaziz S. Fouda et al., New J. Chem., 2019, 43, 768–789, https://doi.org/10.1039/C8NJ04330B.
Electrochemically addressed FET-like nanofluidic channels with dynamic ion-transport regimes
Authors: Laucirica Gregorio , Toum Terrones Yamili , Wagner Michael F. P. , Cayón Vanina M. , Cortez María Lorena , Toimil-Molares Maria Eugenia , Trautmann Christina , Marmisollé Waldemar , Azzaroni Omar
Published: December 2022

By setting the electrolyte nature it is possible to set different ion transport regimes (cation or anion-selective transport), whereas the rectification efficiency can be controlled by the gate voltage applied to the electroactive polymer layer.
Synthesis of 2,4-diarylated pyrimidines enabled by Ni-catalyzed C–sulfone bond activation
Authors: Zhang Qian , Zhang Wei , Cui Ruoyan , Zhang Yang , Niu Dawen
Published: December 2022

The readily available pyrimidinyl sulfones, in which the C–S bond is cleaved selectively, could serve as electrophiles in the Ni-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions to prepare 2,4-diarylated pyrimidines under mild conditions with a broad scope.
Copper-promoted dehydrosulfurative carbon–nitrogen cross-coupling with concomitant aromatization for synthesis of 2-aminopyrimidines
Authors: Le Pham Ngoc Son , Kwon Yujeong , Shin Hyunik , Sohn Jeong-Hun
Published: December 2022

Copper-promoted dehydrosulfurative C–N cross-coupling of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1H-2-thione with amine accompanied by concomitant aromatization to generate 2-aryl(alkyl)aminopyrimidine derivatives is described.
Research and application of plasma characteristic models for pulsed laser processing of metal materials
Authors: Cai Song , Wang Juan , Li Qi , Liu Wenhao , He Guoqi , Zhang Zheying , Ji Yi
Published: December 2022

The experimental pulsed fiber laser is manufactured by IPG. The intensity curve for the plasma emission spectra obtained from the material surface is determined.
Impaired muscle stem cell function and abnormal myogenesis in acquired myopathies
Authors: Deprez Alyson , Orfi Zakaria , Rieger Lupann , Dumont Nicolas Alexandre
Published: December 2022

Skeletal muscle possesses a high plasticity and a remarkable regenerative capacity that relies mainly on muscle stem cells (MuSCs). Molecular and cellular components of the MuSC niche, such as immune cells, play key roles to coordinate MuSC function and to orchestrate muscle regeneration. An abnormal infiltration of immune cells and/or imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines could lead to MuSC dysfunctions that could have long lasting effects on muscle function. Different genetic variants were shown to cause muscular dystrophies that intrinsically compromise MuSC function and/or disturb their microenvironment leading to impaired muscle regeneration that contributes to disease progression. Alternatively, many acquired myopathies caused by comorbidities (e.g., cardiopulmonary or kidney diseases), chronic inflammation/infection, or side effects of different drugs can also perturb MuSC function and their microenvironment. The goal of this review is to comprehensively summarize the current knowledge on acquired myopathies and their impact on MuSC function. We further describe potential therapeutic strategies to restore MuSC regenerative capacity.
Predictive energy management strategy for battery energy storage considering battery degradation cost
Authors: Amini Mohammad , Nazari Mohammad Hassan , Hosseinian Seyed Hossein
Published: December 2022

This study proposes a novel predictive energy management strategy to integrate the battery energy storage (BES) degradation cost into the BES scheduling problem and address the uncertainty in the energy management problem. As the first step, the factors affecting the BES calendar aging and cycle aging are linearly modelled. Furthermore, a linear algorithm is provided to calculate the BES cycle aging due to the BES complete and incomplete cycles. Subsequently, a novel approach to estimating the BES degradation cost function according to the BES specifications and degradation process is presented. Finally, taking into account the BES degradation cost model, the proposed predictive energy management strategy framework is implemented on an integrated photovoltaic and BES system to evaluate the applicability and efficiency of the proposed scheme in integrating the BES degradation cost in the energy management problem. The numerical simulation results indicate that integrating the BES degradation cost into the energy management problem significantly affects the BES charge/discharge strategy. Moreover, comparing the proposed predictive energy management strategy with a simple one, it is verified that the provided approach could decrease the BES capacity fade and degradation cost by 5.06% and 4.67%, respectively, and increase the photovoltaic farm profit by 1.10%.
Particular aspects of the tests for ignition of small components
Authors: Darie Marius , Beldiman Alexandru , Ciobanu Ioana
Published: December 2022

The use of flammable substances in the industry means that the installations that process them generate explosion hazard zones in the proximal space. Equipment installed and operated in such hazardous areas must not ignite an explosive atmosphere. Confirmation of how equipment is adapted for use in an explosive atmosphere is named explosion protection. Explosion protection is confirmed by testing together with evaluation. For low-current equipment, the situation in which the hazardous atmosphere can be ignited by small components should be considered. The first part of the paper was devoted to the presentation of the explosion hazard and a brief presentation of the classification of equipment intended for use in explosive atmospheres. In the second part, the test methodology for ignition from small components is presented and in the last part, the results of ignition tests from small components are presented. The resulting main conclusion underlines the importance of test conditions.