bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ruptura con la heteronormatividad predominante: construcción de personajes jóvenes en las series de ficción televisiva.
Authors: Ballesteros-Aguayo Lucia , Ramírez-Alvarado María del Mar , Tornay-Márquez María Cruz
Published: April 2021

Este trabajo ofrece una reflexión general sobre la presencia de la diversidad sexual en personajes jóvenes de series televisivas que han alcanzado éxito en una plataforma de notable penetración como lo es Netflix. Para ello se ha procedido a un análisis de dos de sus series de ficción de mayor difusión y que han constituido el corpus de análisis. Ambas han sido producidas en contextos culturales muy diferentes: La casa de las flores (serie mexicana, tres temporadas, estrenada en agosto de 2018) y Sex Education (serie británica, dos temporadas, estrenada en enero de 2019). Las conclusiones de este trabajo advierten que, efectivamente y siendo la heteronormatividad el canon dominante, esta visibilidad de orientaciones sexuales y su manifestación en personajes juveniles supone un avance. De hecho, no pocos de los personajes jóvenes estudiados afrontan sus realidades personales y deseos con importantes conflictos pero con decisión. Sin embargo, las conclusiones también cuestionan el hecho de si esta presencia ha supuesto una mayor aceptación de la diversidad sexual o, al contrario, si se presentan a estos personajes en el marco de convenciones culturales establecidas reforzando el heterosexismo, valores tradicionales como la familia o la monogamia, o haciendo énfasis en la asociación entre homosexualidad y falta de masculinidad o feminidad.
Burnout in Portuguese Teachers: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mota Ana Isabel , Lopes João , Oliveira Célia
Published: April 2021

Teachers are one of the professional classes most vulnerable to emotional instability and fatigue associated with their professional activity. The present study is a systematic review about burnout in Portuguese teachers and has two main objectives. The first is to understand the state of the art of the burnout phenomenon in Portuguese teachers from basic education to secondary education. The second is to analyze the types of variables considered in the exploration and understanding of the burnout phenomenon, from a three-dimensional structure: personal, organizational, and classroom. Results show that the set of personal and organizational variables are the most frequently analyzed in studies on burnout in teachers. Nevertheless, the results of the analyzed studies are unclear and inconsistent, highlighting the need for further studies that allow to clarify the role of different variables on burnout in Portuguese teachers. More studies are needed to determine the actual extent of burnout and, consequently, to design educational and psychological interventions to support teachers.
Caste-biased Expression of fem and Amdsx Genes in Apis mellifera ligustica (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Pan Lu-Xia , Cheng Fu-Ping , Wang Zi-Long
Published: April 2021

Sex determination and caste differentiation are two crucial processes for morphology building in honeybees. It is unclear whether there is an interaction between these two processes. Here, we investigated the expression of fem and Amdsx genes between female castes of honeybees. We found that the expression of fem and Amdsx is significantly higher in queens than in workers, and this expression was positively regulated by juvenile hormone (JH). Our results suggest that sex-determining genes fem and Amdsx are also involved in honeybee caste differentiation.
Cucumber vs Ants: a Case Against the Myth of the Uses of Plant Extracts in Insect Pest Management
Authors: Shelomi Matan , Qiu Bo-Jun , Huang Lin-Ting
Published: April 2021

An accumulation of questionable scientific reports on the use of natural plant extracts to control household pest insects, using biologically irrelevant experimental designs and extremely high concentrations, has resulted in a publication bias: “promising” studies claiming readily available plants can repel various insects, including social insects, despite no usable data to judge cost-effectiveness or sustainability in a realistic situation. The Internet provides a further torrent of untested claims, generating a background noise of misinformation. An example is the belief that cucumbers are “natural” ant repellent, widely reported in such informal literature, despite no direct evidence for or against this claim. We tested this popular assertion using peel extracts of cucumber and the related bitter melon as olfactory and gustatory repellents against ants. Extracts of both fruit peels in water, methanol, or hexane were statistically significant but effectively weak gustatory repellents. Aqueous cucumber peel extract has a significant but mild olfactory repellent effect: about half of the ants were repelled relative to none in a control. While the myth may have a grain of truth to it, as cucumber does have a mild but detectable effect on ants in an artificial setup, its potential impact on keeping ants out of a treated perimeter would be extremely short-lived and not cost-effective. Superior ant management strategies are currently available. The promotion of “natural” products must be rooted in scientific evidence of a successful and cost-effective implementation prospect.
Capacity analysis of oceanic channels with localized Lommel–Gaussian vortex beams
Authors: Wang Shuai Ling , Yang Dong Hui , Zhu Yun , Zhang YiXin
Published: April 2021

The correlation function of localized Lommel–Gaussian vortex beams is obtained in oceanic turbulence and used to estimate the channel capacity of underwater wireless optical communication systems (UWOCS). The effects of laser source and oceanic turbulence on the channel capacity are discussed. Results show that the choices of appropriate light parameters, such as input pulse half-width, beam waist, and orbital angular momentum number, are essential to achieve high channel capacity in UWOCS. Another important factor that affects channel capacity is oceanic turbulence. Scaling analysis shows that inner scale has a more significant effect on the channel capacity than the outer scale does.
Binocular DIC system for 3D correlation measurements
Authors: Ge Pengxiang , Wang Huanqing , Hu Yin , Wang Yonghong
Published: April 2021

A novel, to the best of our knowledge, mirror-assisted binocular stereo digital image correlation (DIC) system is proposed for the reconstruction of the overall contour, thickness, and strain measurement of the object. First, the angle between the two plane mirrors is adjusted until two virtual images and two real images can be formed in the mirrors. Then, the adjustable speckle size and definition characteristics of the projection speckle technology are fully utilized to realize the precise measurement of the mirror plane. Finally, a 3D contour reconstruction experiment and a dynamic stretching experiment are conducted to verify the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve a 360° omnidirectional deformation measurement, and the 3D reconstruction of the object with complex contours has a relatively ideal reconstruction effect. According to the virtual image, the thickness of the conventional specimen can be completed easily, and the coordinates of the front and rear surfaces need not be subtracted. The dynamic strain can be calculated separately from the front and rear surfaces of the standard specimen and can be realized in the dynamic tensile experiment. Compared with the existing binocular DIC system, the proposed method can provide more valid data with guaranteed excellent results. It provides a better implementation method for omnidirectional measurement, thickness, and stress–strain calculation of the object.
Digital holographic deep learning of red blood cells for field-portable, rapid COVID-19 screening
Authors: O’Connor Timothy , Shen Jian-Bing , Liang Bruce T. , Javidi Bahram
Published: April 2021

Rapid screening of red blood cells for active infection of COVID-19 is presented using a compact and field-portable, 3D-printed shearing digital holographic microscope. Video holograms of thin blood smears are recorded, individual red blood cells are segmented for feature extraction, then a bi-directional long short-term memory network is used to classify between healthy and COVID positive red blood cells based on their spatiotemporal behavior. Individuals are then classified based on the simple majority of their cells’ classifications. The proposed system may be beneficial for under-resourced healthcare systems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of digital holographic microscopy for rapid screening of COVID-19.
Datentreuhandstellen gestalten: Status quo und Perspektiven für Geschäftsmodelle
Authors: Arlinghaus Tim , Kus Kevin , Kajüter Patricia , Teuteberg Frank
Published: April 2021

Der Umgang mit großen Datenmengen stellt Unternehmen bei der Konzeption sicherer digitaler Prozesse vor große Herausforderungen, besonders wenn personenbezogene oder sensible Daten verarbeitet werden. Dies gilt gleichermaßen für Forschungsprojekte, bei denen Daten mit höchstem Schutz und hoher Sensibilität behandelt werden müssen. Um diesen hohen Datenschutz zu gewährleisten sowie Ethikrichtlinien einzuhalten, können Datentreuhandstellen eingesetzt werden. Inzwischen sind auch einige Use Cases von privaten Treuhandstellen bekannt, die einen großen Mehrwert für Unternehmen versprechen. Dieser Beitrag gibt erste Einblicke in die Geschäftsmodelle der Datentreuhandstellen sowie deren Anwendungsbereiche. Hierfür wurde das Digital Canvas verwendet, das neun Säulen digitaler Geschäftsmodelle postuliert. Zusätzlich werden Unterschiede zwischen staatlichen und privatwirtschaftlichen Anbietern analysiert sowie die Potenziale von Treuhandstellen herausgestellt und gezeigt, dass deren Dienste zunehmend an Nachfrage gewinnen werden. Die Erkenntnisse beruhen auf sechs Experteninterviews, die mit Leitern von in Deutschland bereits praktizierenden Datentreuhandstellen geführt wurden.
Pathways and signatures of mutagenesis at targeted DNA nicks
Authors: Zhang Yinbo , Davis Luther , Maizels Nancy
Published: April 2021

Nicks are the most frequent form of DNA damage and a potential source of mutagenesis in human cells. By deep sequencing, we have identified factors and pathways that promote and limit mutagenic repair at a targeted nick in human cells. Mutations were distributed asymmetrically around the nick site. BRCA2 inhibited all categories of mutational events, including indels, SNVs and HDR. DNA2 and RPA promoted resection. DNA2 inhibited 1 bp deletions but contributed to longer deletions, as did REV7. POLQ stimulated SNVs. Parallel analysis of DSBs targeted to the same site identified similar roles for DNA2 and POLQ (but not REV7) in promoting deletions and for POLQ in stimulating SNVs. Insertions were infrequent at nicks, and most were 1 bp in length, as at DSBs. The translesion polymerase REV1 stimulated +1 insertions at one nick site but not another, illustrating the potential importance of sequence context in determining the outcome of mutagenic repair. These results highlight the potential for nicks to promote mutagenesis, especially in BRCA-deficient cells, and identify mutagenic signatures of DNA2, REV1, REV3, REV7 and POLQ.
Effect of maternal praziquantel treatment for Schistosoma japonicum infection on the offspring susceptibility and immunologic response to infection at age six, a cohort study
Authors: Colt Susannah , Jarilla Blanca , Baltazar Palmera , Tallo Veronica , Acosta Luz P. , Wu Hannah W. , Barry Christopher V. , Kurtis Jonathan D. , Olveda Remigio M. , Friedman Jennifer F. , Jiz Mario A.
Published: April 2021

In areas endemic to schistosomiasis, fetal exposure to schistosome antigens prime the offspring before potential natural infection. Praziquantel (PZQ) treatment forSchistosoma japonicuminfection in pregnant women has been demonstrated to be safe and effective. Our objectives were to evaluate whether maternal PZQ treatment modifies the process ofin uterosensitization to schistosome antigens potentially impacting later risk of infection, as well as immune response toS.japonicum. We enrolled 295 children at age six, born to mothers withS.japonicuminfection who participated in a randomized control trial of PZQ versus placebo given at 12–16 weeks gestation in Leyte, The Philippines. At enrollment, we assessed and treated currentS.japonicuminfection and measured serum cytokines. During a follow-up visit four weeks later, we assessed peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cytokine production in response to soluble worm antigen preparation (SWAP) or soluble egg antigen (SEA). Associations between maternal treatment group and the child’sS.japonicuminfection status and immunologic responses were determined using multivariate linear regression analysis. PZQ treatment during pregnancy did not impact the prevalence (P =0.12) or intensity (P =0.59) of naturalS.japonicuminfection among children at age six. Among children with infection at enrollment (12.5%) there were no significant serum cytokine concentration differences between maternal treatment groups. Among children with infection at enrollment, IL-1 production by PBMCs stimulated with SEA was higher (P =0.03) in the maternal PZQ group compared to placebo. Among children without infection, PBMCs stimulated with SEA produced greater IL-12 (P =0.03) and with SWAP produced less IL-4 (P =0.01) in the maternal PZQ group compared to placebo. Several cytokines produced by PBMCs in response to SWAP and SEA were significantly higher in children withS.japonicuminfection irrespective of maternal treatment: IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13. We report that maternal PZQ treatment forS.japonicumshifted the PBMC immune response to a more inflammatory signature but had no impact on their offspring’s likelihood of infection or serum cytokines at age six, further supporting the safe use of PZQ in pregnant women.

Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.govNCT00486863.
Spatio-temporal characteristics of meteorological drought in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Rahman Ghani , Rahman Atta-ur , Ullah Sami , Dawood Muhammad , Moazzam Muhammad Farhan Ul , Lee Byung Gul
Published: April 2021

This study analysed spatio-temporal fluctuations in rainfall to assess drought and wet spells in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Temporal changes in rainfall were assessed using a linear regression method, while aridity conditions at each meteorological station were measured using the United Nations Environment Programme climate aridity index. In this study, drought and wet spell patterns were identified using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). The Spearman’s Rho (SR) test was applied to find trends in the temporal 1-month and 12-month SPEI data. Balakot, Dir, Kakul, Kalam, Malam Jabba, Parachinar, Patan and Saidu were humid whereas Cherat and Timergara were sub-humid meteorological stations while Bannu, Chitral, Drosh and Peshawar were semi-arid and D.I. Khan was found to be the only arid meteorological station in the study area. The regression results revealed that the amount of rainfall is decreasing at Balakot, Kakul and Dir, while in the southern part of the province the amount of rainfall is increasing, such as in Parachinar and Cherat. The SPEI results revealed distinct drought spells in 1971–1974, 1984–1989, 1998–2004 and recently in 2017–2018, in almost all met-stations results. The SR results indicated a significant wet trend at met-station Parachinar, located in the west, while a significant drying trend has been noted at Balakot in the north-eastern part of the study area. Detailed knowledge about rainfall variability can provide a foundation for the planning and use of water resources.
Construction of liver hepatocellular carcinoma-specific lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network based on bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Wang Ruifang , Hu Xiaobo , Liu Xiaorui , Bai Lu , Gu Junsheng , Li Qinggang
Published: April 2021

Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related death worldwide with increasing incidences, however there are very few studies about the underlying mechanisms and pathways in the development of LIHC. We obtained LIHC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to screen differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs, miRNAs and driver mutations. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, Gene ontology enrichment analyses and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network were performed. Moreover, we constructed a competing endogenous lncRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs network. Finally, cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to identify important prognostic differentially expressed genes. Total of 1284 mRNAs, 123 lncRNAs, 47 miRNAs were identified within different tissues of LIHC patients. GO analysis indicated that upregulated and downregulated differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were mainly associated with cell division, DNA replication, mitotic sister chromatid segregation and complement activation respectively. Meanwhile, KEGG terms revealed that upregulated and downregulated DEmRNAs were primarily involved in DNA replication, Metabolic pathways, cell cycle and Metabolic pathways, chemical carcinogenesis, retinol metabolism pathway respectively. Among the DERNAs, 542 lncRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs pairs were predicted to construct a ceRNA regulatory network including 35 DElncRNAs, 26 DEmiRNAs and 112 DEmRNAs. In the Kaplan‐Meier analysis, total of 43 mRNAs, 14 lncRNAs and 3 miRNAs were screened out to be significantly correlated with overall survival of LIHC. The mutation signatures were analyzed and its correlation with immune infiltrates were evaluated using the TIMER in LIHC. Among the mutation genes, TTN mutation is often associated with poor immune infiltration and a worse prognosis in LIHC. This work conducted a novel lncRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs network and mutation signatures for finding potential molecular mechanisms underlying the development of LIHC. The biomarkers also can be used for predicting prognosis of LIHC.
Automatic image annotation for fluorescent cell nuclei segmentation
Authors: Englbrecht Fabian , Ruider Iris E. , Bausch Andreas R.
Published: April 2021

Dataset annotation is a time and labor-intensive task and an integral requirement for training and testing deep learning models. The segmentation of images in life science microscopy requires annotated image datasets for object detection tasks such as instance segmentation. Although the amount of annotated image data has been steadily reduced due to methods such as data augmentation, the process of manual or semi-automated data annotation is the most labor and cost intensive task in the process of cell nuclei segmentation with deep neural networks. In this work we propose a system to fully automate the annotation process of a custom fluorescent cell nuclei image dataset. By that we are able to reduce nuclei labelling time by up to 99.5%. The output of our system provides high quality training data for machine learning applications to identify the position of cell nuclei in microscopy images. Our experiments have shown that the automatically annotated dataset provides coequal segmentation performance compared to manual data annotation. In addition, we show that our system enables a single workflow from raw data input to desired nuclei segmentation and tracking results without relying on pre-trained models or third-party training datasets for neural networks.
Vertical tank capacity measurement based on Monte Carlo method
Authors: Chen Guoyu , Wan Yong , Lin Huanhuan , Hu Houlin , Liu Guixiong , Peng Yanhua
Published: April 2021

Vertical tanks are commonly used appliances for liquids, and its capacity is very important for quantitative liquid ratio and liquid trade. In order to measure the capacity of vertical tanks more conveniently, this paper proposes a vertical tank capacity measurement method based on Monte Carlo Method. The method arranges a plurality of sensor points on the inner surface of the tank, and then performs Monte Carlo tests by generating a large number of random sample points, and finally calculates the capacity by counting the sample points that meet the criterion. The criterion for whether a sample point is located in the tank, which is the core issue, is established with the coordinates of sensor points and the distance between different sensor points along the surface of the tank. The results show that the absolute error of the measurement results of the proposed method does not exceed ±0.0003[m3], and the absolute error of capacity per unit volume has a linear relationship with the height of the vertical tank, and has little effect with the radial size of the vertical tank.
Predicting breast cancer 5-year survival using machine learning: A systematic review
Authors: Li Jiaxin , Zhou Zijun , Dong Jianyu , Fu Ying , Li Yuan , Luan Ze , Peng Xin
Published: April 2021

Background

Accurately predicting the survival rate of breast cancer patients is a major issue for cancer researchers. Machine learning (ML) has attracted much attention with the hope that it could provide accurate results, but its modeling methods and prediction performance remain controversial. The aim of this systematic review is to identify and critically appraise current studies regarding the application of ML in predicting the 5-year survival rate of breast cancer.

Methods

In accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, two researchers independently searched the PubMed (including MEDLINE), Embase, and Web of Science Core databases from inception to November 30, 2020. The search terms included breast neoplasms, survival, machine learning, and specific algorithm names. The included studies related to the use of ML to build a breast cancer survival prediction model and model performance that can be measured with the value of said verification results. The excluded studies in which the modeling process were not explained clearly and had incomplete information. The extracted information included literature information, database information, data preparation and modeling process information, model construction and performance evaluation information, and candidate predictor information.

Results

Thirty-one studies that met the inclusion criteria were included, most of which were published after 2013. The most frequently used ML methods were decision trees (19 studies, 61.3%), artificial neural networks (18 studies, 58.1%), support vector machines (16 studies, 51.6%), and ensemble learning (10 studies, 32.3%). The median sample size was 37256 (range 200 to 659820) patients, and the median predictor was 16 (range 3 to 625). The accuracy of 29 studies ranged from 0.510 to 0.971. The sensitivity of 25 studies ranged from 0.037 to 1. The specificity of 24 studies ranged from 0.008 to 0.993. The AUC of 20 studies ranged from 0.500 to 0.972. The precision of 6 studies ranged from 0.549 to 1. All of the models were internally validated, and only one was externally validated.

Conclusions

Overall, compared with traditional statistical methods, the performance of ML models does not necessarily show any improvement, and this area of research still faces limitations related to a lack of data preprocessing steps, the excessive differences of sample feature selection, and issues related to validation. Further optimization of the performance of the proposed model is also needed in the future, which requires more standardization and subsequent validation.
Walking and Cycling. Uma Nova Geografia do Turismo
Authors: Tomás Paulo Manuel de Carvalho
Published: April 2021

As atividades pedestres e cicláveis ao ar livre alcançaram nos últimos anos um importante crescimento, através de diversas configurações de infraestruturas com uma vocação especial para a promoção do pedestrianismo e a utilização da bicicleta no dia a dia, no lazer e no turismo. Os novos produtos do turismo de natureza, como os que estão vinculados aos itinerários pedestres e cicloturísticos, não só assumem maior expressão em territórios rurais e montanhosos, como são fundamentais para responder às exigências e motivações vinculadas a atividades cada vez mais especializadas, personalizadas e facilitadoras de experiências singulares e intensas. A crescente visibilidade desta temática no plano internacional e o escasso interesse que a mesma mereceu até ao momento no seio da comunidade académica e na esfera editorial nacional, justificam a publicação deste livro, suportado em revisão de literatura científica e investigação de campo, com integração de escalas, para oferecer aos leitores uma perspetiva geográfica centrada em dois dos mais relevantes segmentos do turismo pós-moderno.
Aquiescencia y resistencia: el régimen de Ortega en Nicaragua
Authors: Anderson Leslie Elin , Dodd Lawrence Cloyd , Park Won-ho
Published: April 2021

Recientemente, Nicaragua ha sido noticia por las protestas contra Daniel Ortega. Elegido legítimamente en 2006, su presidencia se ha encaminado hacia una dictadura. Inicialmente los ciudadanos consintieron, disfrutando de sus programas sociales. Cuando estos programas terminaron, también lo hizo la aquiescencia. El caso de Nicaragua muestra cómo un presidente electo puede convertirse en un dictador. También muestra los límites tanto del autoritarismo como de la aquiescencia. Es posible que los ciudadanos, silenciosos, solo hayan llegado a un trato desesperado, que terminará cuando terminen los programas sociales.
Historia de la infancia, el pasado del futuro
Authors: Pérez Miranda Iván , Sánchez Blanco Laura
Published: April 2021

Editorial del cuarto número de El Futuro del Pasado
Sobre la infancia en la Prehistoria: un análisis de las sociedades del interior peninsular entre el VI y III milenio a. C.
Authors: Herrero Corral Ana Mercedes
Published: April 2021

El estudio de los individuos infantiles en Arqueología ha sido tradicionalmente relegado a un segundo plano debido a ciertos factores, tales como su estado de preservación o la dificultad de identificación y excavación. La bibliografía sobre Prehistoria ha olvidado mayoritariamente a los subadultos, que siempre han recibido un tratamiento marginal e inadecuado por ser considerados miembros pasivos de la sociedad. Sin embargo, los individuos inmaduros forman parte de ella, y son determinantes para la adecuada reproducción de sus patrones sociales, económicos o ideológicos, a través de los procesos de aprendizaje, los rituales de iniciación etc. Si pretendemos aproximarnos a las poblaciones del pasado, es absolutamente necesario tenerlos en cuenta en nuestras interpretaciones.

El objetivo de este trabajo es hacer una recopilación y análisis preliminar de diversas evidencias funerarias de individuos infantiles, ya que nos proporcionan una información muy valiosa para abordar su papel en la estructura social y económica de los grupos prehistóricos.

En concreto se centrará en los yacimientos del interior peninsular en el periodo comprendido  entre el 5500 y el 2000 cal AC (Neolítico y Calcolítico), ya que a lo largo de él se producen cruciales transformaciones en las sociedades prehistóricas de Europa occidental.
Ser niño en un entorno industrial contemporáneo. Ejemplos desde la sierra minera de Cartagena-La Unión (Murcia)
Authors: González Vergara Óscar
Published: April 2021

En este trabajo expondremos varios aspectos relativos a la infancia en un entorno industrial, centrándonos sobre todo al fenómeno del trabajo infantil. Para ello extraeremos ejemplos de uno de los complejos industriales mineros más importantes de la España contemporánea, la cuenca minera de la Cartagena-La Unión, donde el trabajo infantil estaba muy generalizado. Completaremos esta visión de la infancia con los ejemplos disponibles en los cantes mineros, donde se reflejan muchos aspectos de la niñez.
Tardes de enseñanza y parroquia: el adoctrinamiento de las niñas en la España franquista a través de las revistas Bazar y Tin Tan (1947-1957)
Authors: Martínez Cuesta Francisco Javier , Alfonso Sánchez José Manuel
Published: April 2021

La presencia de la mujer fuera de la esfera privada durante el primer franquismo se redujo a dos entornos concretos: la militancia en la Sección Femenina y la pertenencia a asociaciones de signo religioso, dentro de las cuales destacó la rama femenina de Acción Católica. Sección Femenina y Acción Católica realizaron labores similares relacionadas con la formación y la asistencia socio-sanitaria, predominando el componente político en la primera y el religioso en la segunda. Desde el primer momento, ambas organizaciones generaron sus propias publicaciones periódicas pudiendo ser internas, si se dirigían a los dirigentes y militantes, y externas o dedicadas al público general. Mientras que las primeras sirvieron para formar y encuadrar a sus propios miembros, los periódicos o revistas de masas se destinaron a proyectar sus ideales políticos o religiosos e intentar captar a nuevos seguidores. Nosotros nos fijaremos en dos de ellas destinadas al público infantil femenino: Bazar, publicada por Sección Femenina, y Tin Tan por Acción Católica.
Enfance, art, modernite et postmodernite
Authors: Kerlan Alain , Robert André D.
Published: April 2021

Cet article traite de la portée relationnelle, éducative, esthétique, «démocratique» de situations qui, tendant à se généraliser dans de nombreux pays, placent de plus en plus les enfants «auprès d’artistes» à l’occasion des résidences d’artistes installées dans des écoles ou dans des centres éducatifs. Il développe une double dimension, historique et philosophique. Le sens de Modernité et Post modernité est précisé. L’approche historique rappelle les étapes de la découverte d’un sentiment de l’enfance que le Moyen Age avait laissé se dissoudre (incidemment, l’art apparaît comme un des supports de cette découverte). Critiquant les positions post modernes des nouveaux sociologues de l’enfance, l’approche philosophique révèle –dans les situations esthétiques considérées– une tension entre la relation d’égal à égal enfant/artiste (illustration possible du principe post moderne de symétrie) et le maintien de la singularité de l’artiste adulte (condition de possibilité de l’éducation, au sens moderne). L’expérience de l’enfant «auprès d’artistes» porte une intéressante possibilité de création d’une nouvelle normativité (inhérente à l’œuvre en train de se faire).
Contraposición entre imagen y naturaleza a través del mundo del trabajador y el mundo del burgués en el pensamiento de Ernst Jünger
Authors: Aguirre Guillermo
Published: April 2021

La conciencia de que el ser humano no es sino mero representante de una voluntad absoluta, el Espíritu de los tiempos, empujó a Ernst Jünger a la realización de una serie de reflexiones en torno a la imagen donde trataría de ofrecer una mirada reveladora del papel del hombre en la historia. De acuerdo con Jünger, sólo convirtiéndose en sujeto creador el individuo sería capaz de escapar del devenir trágico. Con este fin el autor elaborará un conjunto de escritos guiado por la pretensión de capturar al hombre ataviado con su traje de representación. De este modo, el logrado desenmascaramiento de una falsa realidad invierte el rol usual de la técnica, haciendo de ella instrumento liberador de destinos.A lo largo de estas páginas estudiaremos esta doble faz de la técnica tomando como guía los presupuestos expuestos por Jünger desde su experiencia como hombre de acción y de observación a un mismo tiempo.
Revisión sistemática de tratamientos en investigación sobre el cáncer
Authors: Francés Caminero Raquel , Mateos Campos Ramona
Published: April 2021

Introducción. Dada la prevalencia y el impacto socioeconómico del cáncer, es de vital importancia la investigación en todas sus vertientes, que requiere una evaluación previa de la información científica disponible. Métodos. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la información referente a tratamientos en investigación sobre el cáncer en Europa en los últimos diez años. Resultados. Las investigaciones incluidas pueden clasificarse y analizarse según tipo de estudio, tipo de cáncer, tipo de tratamiento, aspectos evaluados, localización geográfica e idioma de publicación. Se evaluó la calidad metodológica de los EC incluidos de acuerdo con la escala de Jadad. Conclusiones. Se analizaron siete tipos de investigaciones científicas. La mayoría fueron EC con una puntuación ≥3 (sobre 5) en la escala de Jadad. Mayormente se referían a cánceres de mama y próstata, y tratamientos de tipo farmacológico e inmunológico. Se estudió preferentemente seguridad y eficacia. Se llevaron a cabo sobre todo en regiones del centro, oeste y sur de Europa, y se publicaron en inglés.
Imidazole-2-carboxaldehyde Chitosan Thiosemicarbazones and their
Copper(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Antitumorigenic
Activity against Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cell Line
Authors: Adhikari Hari Sharan , Garai Aditya , Khanal Chetana , Adhikari Rameshwar , Yadav Paras Nath
Published: April 2021

Chitosan oligosaccharide and high molecular weight crab shell chitosan were functionalized as
imidazole-2-carboxaldehyde chitosan thiosemicarbazones and their copper(II) complexes were
synthesized. The synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 13C NMR, EPR spectroscopy,
powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis, elemental analysis and magnetic susceptibility
measurements. The low molecular weight chitosan thiosemicarbazones showed higher in vitro inhibitory
activity as studied by MTT assay against the tumorigenic epithelial Madin-Darby Canine Kidney
(MDCK) cell line than the corresponding high molecular weight chitosan derivative. The antitumorigenic
enhancement upon the complex formation was revealed by the better inhibitory activity of copper(II)
chitosan thiosemicarbazone chelates.
Synthesis, Spectroscopic Studies, Antimicrobial Activity and Computational Calculations on 3-Nitroanilinium Dihydrogen Phosphate
Authors: Thangarasu Subramanian , Siva Vadivel , Athimoolam Shunmuganarayanan , Bahadur Sultan Asath
Published: April 2021

3-Nitroanilinium dihydrogen phosphate (3NADP) has been synthesized and crystallized successfully using the method of solvent evaporation solution growth. The molecular structure has been optimized and geometrical parameters of 3NADP also have been analyzed using B3LYP function with density functional theory (DFT) and Hartree-Fock (HF) methods with a 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The comparison between computed vibrational spectra and experimental result shows an appreciable agreement. The thermal stability of 3NADP crystal was analyzed using TG/DTA and the melting point was identified at 209 ºC. The properties like electronegativity, chemical hardness, electrophilicity index and chemical potential of the crystal were determined through HOMO-LUMO study. Lower band gap value obtained in frontier molecular orbital analysis and favours the possible biological activity of 3NADP. The grown crystals was also screened for the antimicrobial activity against some specific potentially threatening microbes.
A Green Synthesis of 1,5-Benzodiazepines using Reusable-Heterogeneous Silica Sulfuric
Acid Catalyst under Solvent-Free Conditions and their Antileukemic Activity
Authors: Harsha Kachigere B. , Kavitha Chandagirikoppal V. , Swaroop Toreshettahally R. , Rangappa Shobith , Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal S.
Published: April 2021

1,5-Benzodiazepine derivatives are readily assembled from o-phenylene diamine and ketones containg
α-hydrogen atoms by means of simple cyclocondensation via sp3 C-H activation promoted by an
efficient heterogeneous silica sulfuric acid catalyst. Eco-friendliness, good yields, easy workup, reusable
catalyst, short reaction times, high atom economy and solvent-free conditions are the noteworthy
features of this protocol. These benzodiazepines are chosen for the evaluation of antiproliferative
activity against different leukemia cell lines. Among the investigated compounds, 3g is the best
antiproliferative agent against all the cell lines tested. Also, current preliminary analysis showed that
compound 3g phosphorylates ERK1/2 and induces G1 arrest in K562 cells
Method Development and Validation for Quantification of Potential
Genotoxic Impurity, PyCl in Lansoprazole Hydrochloride using
Liquid Chromatography Combined with Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Reddy C. Purushotham , Rao G. Venkateswara , Ramakrishna K. , Narayana Rao K.M.V.
Published: April 2021

A sensitive and robust high performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass
spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of potential
genotoxic impurity (PGI), 2-(chloromethyl)-3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-pyridine hydrochloride
(PyCl) in lansoprazole as per ICH Q2 guideline. In this method, PyCl and lansoprazole were
well-separated from each other on Acquity UPLC BEH-C18 column (50 × 4.6 mm × 1.7 μ) in a
gradient elution mode with the mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in water (mobile phase-A)
and acetonitrile (mobile phase-B) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. For the quantitation of Py-Cl, selective
ion monitoring (SIM) mode was used with m/z 240 ion in LC-MS method. The validated method was
found to be precise, accurate and linear from the range of LOQ level to 150% with respect to sample
concentration and the correlation co-efficient was found to be 0.998. Limit of detection (LOD) and
limit of quantifications (LOQ) were found to be 0.000012 and 0.000004 mg/mL, respectively. The
validated method was found to be sensitive and the recoveries were found to be well within the range from
83.4% to 95.9% for Py-Cl. Further, the solution stability was also established as the same were found to
be stable upto 24 h.
Molecular Docking Studies, Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory
Screening of Some Novel Quinazolin-4-one Derivatives
Authors: Rajini Kanth K.N. , Kumar Ch. Jaswanth , Tony D. Eswar , Munwar Sk. , Nadendla Rama Rao , Siva Sai Chandragiri
Published: April 2021

Molecular docking studies was performed on 20 analogous novel quinazolin-4-one derivatives as
cox-2 inhibitors using glide tool of maestro 11.4 application of Schrodinger software. Anti-inflammatory
and analgesic activities were further evaluated for the compounds. Based on docking studies, the
binding affinity of QZN-16 was found to be -10.32 kcal/mol. In order to understand the significance
of R-substituents on the quinazoline-4-one nucleus, the findings of hydrogen bonding interactions
between designated ligands with binding site region of 4cox were studied. The ligands which are
having high docking score were subjected to pharmacological screening. The compound QZN-16 has
shown analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity at a dose level of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight,
respectively when compared with standard drug indomethacin. The newly designed quinazoline-4-one
derivatives may serve as lead molecules for further development.
Effect of Al Doping on Magnetic Properties of Co-Mn
Nanoferrites Synthesized via Citrate-Gel Method
Authors: Barapati Shankar , Raghasudha M. , Somaiah P. Veera
Published: April 2021

The structural and magnetic properties of aluminium substituted Co-Mn nanoferrites synthesized via
a chemical route viz. citrate-gel autocombustion method have been reported. Aluminium content has
been varied from x=0 to x=1 with an increment of 0.2 in Co0.75Mn0.25AlxFe2-xO4. The structural
confirmation was done with the basic characterization techniques such as XRD study, FTIR
spectroscopic and the surface morphology was examined using SEM and EDX spectroscopic analysis.
To study the optical absorption behaviour of the prepared ferrites, UV-visible spectral analysis was
carried out. XRD analysis established the formation of cubic spinel structure of the materials with the
average crystallite size of 15.5 nm to 19.94 nm. FTIR spectra has shown two absorption peaks that are
characteristic of spinel nano ferrites. From the UV-visible spectral data, energy band gap (Eg) values
were evaluated. The data witnessed an increase in the Eg value of the ferrite by doping of Al3+ ion into
the ferrite. Room temperature magnetization measurements were carried out before and after aluminium
doping in the samples using vibrating sample magnetometer. It was revealed that the substitution of
aluminium in the lattice has modified the material into a soft magnetic material. Consequently, they
find applications in transformer and motor cores.
Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies of Acidic Hydrolysis of Goniothalamin
Authors: Kim R.P.T. , Khan M.N. , Liew S.Y. , Awang K.
Published: April 2021

The acidic hydrolysis of goniothalamin was studied on the spectrophotometric kinetic study at different
concentration of hydrochloric acid and temperature to determine the stability of the compound. Stability
tests were performed using UV-VIS detection. This is a two-step reaction that involves formation of
intermediate product. Rate constant of reactant forming intermediate product obeyed pseudo-first-order
kinetic, while the second step to form final product is independent on the concentration of HCl. The
structure of final products was identified by NMR and MS. The acidic hydrolysis pathway was proposed
to involve the opening of lactone ring, followed by dehydration and formation of a double bond.
Discomfort, Expectations and Experiences during Treatment of Class II Malocclusion with Clear Block and Twin Block Appliance - A Pilot Survey
Authors: Gurudatta Navjeet Singh , Kamble Ranjit H. , Sangtani Jimmy K. , John Zynul A. , Ahuja Monika M. , Khakhar Prutha G.
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND Skeletal class II division 1 malocclusion is an antero posterior discrepancy between maxilla and mandible which is usually treated by functional appliances when the patient is in the growing phase. It has been shown that these functional orthodontic appliances may lead to pressure on the oral mucosa, soft tissue tension, oral constriction, toothache and pain. They may also lead to fatigue or to functional speech and respiratory disorders, and they may affect the appearance of the face. All of these undesired consequences affect the patients’ degree of compliance in a negative manner, and may in turn affect the patients’ perception towards the treatment. This study was conducted to investigate patient perception of treatment need, appliance acceptance, expectations of treatment influence on oral health, value of dental aesthetics and information concerning treatment procedures. METHODS Total 30 samples were selected 15 samples were cases treated with twin block appliance and other 15 samples were treated with clear block appliance. After 8 months of treatment, a questionnaire survey was conducted assessing discomfort, expectations and experiences of all patients being treated with clear block appliance and twin block appliance. RESULTS Clear block seemed to be better with regard to all the parameters used in the study but on statistical analysis the difference between the two groups was insignificant. CONCLUSIONS Clear block appliance was designed to increase the compliance of the patient. However, clear block and twin block appliance have similar effects. KEY WORDS Class II, Clear Block, Twin Block
Heavy Metal Encephalopathy Masquerading as Hepatic Encephalopathy – A Case Report
Authors: Satya Sagar Vankadari Venkata Sesha , Ghule Aishwarya , Talwar Dhruv , Kumar Sunil , Acharya Sourya
Published: April 2021

In this case report we discuss a patient with neurological manifestations thought to be a case of hepatic encephalopathy. With no improvement in symptoms despite treatment, it created a diagnostic dilemma. Eventually, toxicological investigations were done which revealed that heavy metal poisoning could be the possible culprit. Encephalopathy is characterised by impaired mental state as a result of a diffuse brain dysfunction or other psychiatric condition that induces unconsciousness, typically followed by diffuse electroencephalogram (EEG) anomalies. Both primary neurological and systemic disorders are root causes of encephalopathy. Encephalopathy results from several causes such as liver failure or liver cancer, metabolic abnormalities, anoxic encephalopathy, infections, exposure to harmful compounds such as lithium paint, synthetic contaminants (toxins), inflammations (systemic lupus erythematous, sarcoidosis), drug induced, demyelination (e.g., multiple sclerosis), degenerative process like Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease and hereditary encephalopathies such as leukodystrophy of the white matter. 1 Humans have used heavy metals since many years. While many harmful health effects of heavy metals have long been established, exposure to heavy metals continues to rise in some parts of the world, especially in underdeveloped countries. Emissions have decreased over the past 100 years in most developed countries. Heavy metals are prevalent and remain in the ecosystem, in general causing bio amplification. Living systems frequently associate with heavy metals in different proportions in the habitat. Heavy metal exposure induces lipid peroxidation, Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) damage and protein modification by generation of oxygen free radicals. Exposure to these metals occurs in occupational areas by equipment, air, food and drinking water. Prolonged exposure to heavy metals may lead to neurotoxicity and brain damage. When symptoms of toxic encephalopathy emerge immediately following single acute exposure to high levels of toxic chemicals it is termed as acute toxic encephalopathy. Other than that if symptoms emerge insidiously over time in association with repeated or chronic exposure to low levels of neurotoxins it is called as chronic toxic encephalopathy. 2 In some cases, diagnosis of toxic encephalopathy is complicated by the fact that toxic chemicals can also damage liver and kidneys. In these cases hepatic dysfunction must be successfully treated before diagnosis of toxic encephalopathy can be considered. It is a diagnosis of exclusion, so a full work up for other possible aetiologies such as hepatic, uremic and infectious should be done. In this case report we have discussed heavy metal encephalopathy masquerading as hepatic dysfunction.
A vezető magányossága, avagy a coaching mint személyre szabott vezetőfejlesztési módszer vezetéselméleti megközelítésben
Authors: Heidrich Éva
Published: April 2021

A tanulmány, mely a coaching szolgáltatást, mint a vezetésfejlesztés új módszerét mutatja be, a tevékenység pontos meghatározására, annak más fejlesztési módszerektől való elhatárolására törekszik. Meghatározza a coaching alapvető irányultságait, és vezetési stílusként való értelmezését integrálja a vezetéselméleti irányzatok közé, ezen belül is a kontingenciaelméletek gondolatkörébe. Végezetül a hazai coaching tevékenység feltérképezésével jellemzi és rendszerezi a magyarországi coaching szolgáltatást.
A fogyasztói etnocentrizmus új koncepcionális modelljének kialakítása és verifikálása = Forming and verification of a new conceptual model of the customer ethnocentrism
Authors: Berács József , Malota Erzsébet
Published: April 2021

A szerzők cikke az etnocentrikus érzelmek hatását mutatja be a hazai és a külföldi termékek megítélésére. Empirikus kutatásaikra és regressziós modelljeikre támaszkodva felvázolják azt a hatásmechanizmust, amely a szakirodalomba a fogyasztói etnocentrizmus néven vonult be. Megállapítják, hogy másképp hatnak a patrióta és a nacionalista érzelmek a hazai és a külföldi termékek iránti attitűdökre. Míg a hazai termékeknél egy karakterisztikus, többdimenziós kép tárul elénk, addig a cseh, kanadai és német termékek megítéléséből általánosított, külföldi termékek esetében csak a termékkel való azonosulást tudták kiemelni. A megkérdezettek demográfiai jellemzői közül egyedül a férfiak mutattak statisztikailag azonos irányú és erősségű kapcsolatot a hazai és a külföldi termékek megítélésénél. _______________________ The authors’ article presents effects of the ethnocentric emotion of the appreciation of the domestic and foreign goods. Based on their empirical and regressive models they feature that effectmechanism, which is named consumer ethnocentrism in the special literature. They set that the patriot and the nationalist emotions acting differently on attitudes of the domestic and the foreign goods.