bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inclusive Education in Schools: Organizational-Pedagogical Aspects of the Problem
Authors: Matveieva Nataliia
Published: April 2018

The article emphasizes that the urgent need today is to create the necessary conditions for meeting the needs of each child, regardless of its capabilities and other factors in realizing its potential, bringing benefits to society, and feeling that it is a full citizen. The author analyzes the main problems concerning the implementation of inclusive education at the present stage, examines the state of the problem's coverage in scientific works and normative-legal documents. The author focuses on a special place in the process of creating a comfortable environment for teaching children with special needs of psycho-diagnostic tools and correctional programs that need to be adapted. The article emphasizes that compliance with a number of requirements can increase the efficiency of the process of inclusive education in a comprehensive educational institution; outlines the main conditions for improving the quality of provision of educational services for children with special needs
Circular Economy as an Important Subject of Environmental Education in the Era of Energy Demand
Authors: Kluczkowski Andrzej , Wyrostkiewicz Michał
Published: April 2018

Civilization development has led to many facilities in human life and business, but has also introduced major changes and created a new order that over time has come to be in opposition to nature. The opportunity to reconcile ecological, economic and social reasons is to be found in the idea of sustainable development. The prerequisite for achieving sustainable development is education, which is one of the fundamental human rights that enables integral development. The purpose of the study was to verify the role and importance of education in the emergence and implementation of a circular economy idea. As it turned out, research has shown that sustainable development is largely dependent on the implementation of the circular economy, in which, the education is a fundamental and necessary tool
An RNAi Screen Identifies New Genes Required for Normal Morphogenesis of Larval Chordotonal Organs
Authors: Hassan Abeer , Timerman Yael , Hamdan Rana , Sela Nitzan , Avetisyan Adel , Halachmi Naomi , Salzberg Adi
Published: April 2018

The proprioceptive chordotonal organs (ChO) of a fly larva respond to mechanical stimuli generated by muscle contractions and consequent deformations of the cuticle. The ability of the ChO to sense the relative displacement of its epidermal attachment sites likely depends on the correct mechanical properties of the accessory (cap and ligament) and attachment cells that connect the sensory unit (neuron and scolopale cell) to the cuticle. The genetic programs dictating the development of ChO cells with unique morphologies and mechanical properties are largely unknown. Here we describe an RNAi screen that focused on the ChO’s accessory and attachment cells and was performed in 2nd instar larvae to allow for phenotypic analysis of ChOs that had already experienced mechanical stresses during larval growth. Nearly one thousand strains carrying RNAi constructs targeting more than 500 candidate genes were screened for their effects on ChO morphogenesis. The screen identified 31 candidate genes whose knockdown within the ChO lineage disrupted various aspects of cell fate determination, cell differentiation, cellular morphogenesis and cell-cell attachment. Most interestingly, one phenotypic group consisted of genes that affected the response of specific ChO cell types to developmental organ stretching, leading to abnormal pattern of cell elongation. The ‘cell elongation’ group included the transcription factors Delilah and Stripe, implicating them for the first time in regulating the response of ChO cells to developmental stretching forces. Other genes found to affect the pattern of ChO cell elongation, such as αTub85E, β1Tub56D, Tbce, CCT8, mys, Rac1 and shot, represent putative effectors that link between cell-fate determinants and the realization of cell-specific mechanical properties.
Antibiotic Use After Removal of Penicillin Allergy Label
Authors: Vyles David , Chiu Asriani , Routes John , Castells Mariana , Phillips Elizabeth J. , Kibicho Jennifer , Brousseau David C.
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND:

Penicillin allergy is commonly reported in the pediatric emergency department. We previously performed 3-tier penicillin allergy testing on children with low-risk symptoms, and 100% tolerated a penicillin challenge without an allergic reaction. We hypothesized that no serious allergic reactions would occur after re-exposure to penicillin and that prescription practices would change after testing.

METHODS:

We performed a follow-up case series of 100 children whose test results were negative for penicillin allergy. Research staff administered a brief follow-up phone survey to the parent and primary care provider of each patient tested. We combined the survey data and summarized baseline patient characteristics and questionnaire responses. We then completed a 3-tier economic analysis from the prescription information gathered from surveys in which cost savings, cost avoidance, and potential cost savings were calculated.

RESULTS:

A total of 46 prescriptions in 36 patients were reported by the primary care provider and/or parents within the year after patients were tested for penicillin allergy. Twenty-six (58%) of the prescriptions filled were penicillin derivatives. One (4%) child developed a rash 24 hours after starting the medication; no child developed a serious adverse reaction after being given a penicillin challenge. We found that the cost savings of delabeling patients as penicillin allergic was $1368.13, the cost avoidance was $1812.00, and the total potential cost savings for the pediatric emergency department population was $192 223.00.

CONCLUSIONS:

Children with low-risk penicillin allergy symptoms whose test results were negative for penicillin allergy tolerated a penicillin challenge without a severe allergic reaction developing. Delabeling children changed prescription behavior and led to actual health care savings.
Wine, Brains, and Snakes
Authors: Ambasciano Leonardo
Published: April 2018

The present contribution, concerning the ancient Roman cult of Bona Dea, explores the interplay between intuitive healing beliefs, morality, disgust, and coercive control of sexual behaviours. In order to preliminarily investigate cultural variations concerning sex and gender issues in past societies (a somewhat neglected topic in current cognitive studies), this article engages the socio-sexual organization of Roman culture which underpinned the cult devotion, explaining the evolutionary rationale of the underlying mythography as a mate-guarding strategy and the cult itself as a relief valve and a temporary compensation for subordinate women. The essential components of the cult (i.e., wine and snakes) are further analysed via evolutionary psychology and the cognitive science of religion. The final paragraph tackles the problematic scholarly reconstruction of the cult's promise of an afterlife for its worshippers, arguing that a phylogenetic analysis of Graeco-Roman mythographies might help contextualizing this issue.
Psicanálise contemporânea à luz da teoria crítica
Authors: Gomide Ana Paula Ávila
Published: April 2018

Esta pesquisa preliminar discute os sofrimentos psíquicos contemporâneos abordados pela clínica psicanalítica, à luz da teoria crítica. Pretendemos retomar a crítica social subjacente aos conceitos da psicanálise, tendo em vista o confronto da noção de indivíduo, discutida por Horkheimer, Adorno e Marcuse, com a noção de sujeito da psicanálise. Ressaltamos a dimensão histórica da subjetividade moderna para evidenciar os mecanismos sociais que impelem os indivíduos às regressões psíquicas no capitalismo tardio, a partir da análise dos conceitos de narcisismo, ego, imaginário e gozo. O estudo da categoria indivíduo no que tange às suas contradições faz-se premente, pois essa se apresenta como um contramodelo em face das subjetividades contemporâneas imersas em condições sociais que as obrigam às demais formas de sofrimento psíquico, condizentes à irracionalidade objetiva. Trata-se do esforço de querer discutir, a partir da análise sobre as novas formas de mal-estar, os desdobramentos da sociedade contemporânea nos pressupostos antropológicos do mundo administrado.
Bicha! Futebol e reprodução de masculinidades pelo discurso jurídico da liberdade de expressão
Authors: Da Cunha Moura João Carlos
Published: April 2018

RESUMORessalta como as instituições (formais e informais) domesticam para a imposição de ideais performativos de liberdade de expressão e consideram o espaço de domínio político dos discursos de ódio. Nesse sentido, investiga de que forma o discurso de liberdade de expressão constitucionalmente garantido, pode promover ações e enunciações de ódio contra homossexualidades. Tem como hipótese o seguinte: a constituição do ódio nas práticas futebolísticas brasileiras é norteada por um processo de discursividade jurídica e política, as quais docilizam indivíduos em espaços subjetivos cristalizados e espaços físicos localizados para a sua realização concreta.
Cisto nasolabial: diagnóstico e tratamento
Authors: Caliento Rubens , Dos Santos Rennan Luiz Oliveira , Aburad Arlindo , Morato Fernando Bessa , Junior João Milanez Moreira , Borba Alexandre Meireles
Published: April 2018

O cisto nasolabial é uma lesão relativamente rara, não odontogênica e de patogênese ainda não bem estabelecida. Essa lesão tem crescimento lento e caracteriza-se por um aumento de volume na região alar do nariz. Seu diagnóstico é feito através do exame clínico, exames de imagens e histopatológico. O presente artigo relata um caso do cisto nasolabial evidenciando seu processo de diagnóstico e tratamento.
A complexidade da determinação da obesidade infantil
Authors: Pereira Michele Regina , Santos Carolina Nicolau , Viera Carla Maria
Published: April 2018

Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), nos últimos anos, a obesidade infantil atingiu crianças de todas as faixas etárias e de países desenvolvidos e países em desenvolvimento. Ao menos 41 milhões de crianças de todo mundo, menores de 5 anos apresentam sobrepeso/obesidade de acordo com a OMS. A obesidade é uma doença multifatorial que envolve a interação de vários fatores como biológicos, ambientais e psicossociais que dificultam a distinção de sua etiologia. A dificuldade na determinação da obesidade infantil sugere, portanto, a necessidade de aprofundamento teórico e identificação da produção científica atual sobre o tema. Diante desse contexto o presente estudo foi realizado uma revisão integrativa, por meio de obras científicas publicadas no período de 2005 a 2017. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Scielo, Medline e Lilacs. A partir de 14 artigos selecionados e analisados foi concluído que determinados fatores podem contribuir com a obesidade infantil, sendo eles de contexto familiar, mídia, sedentarismo, urbanização e poder aquisitivo. A associação de dois ou mais determinantes na obesidade infantil, alerta que se não controlada, os números de crianças com obesidade podem ser maiores.
Capacidade funcional em idosos com doença de Parkinson: revisão de literatura
Authors: Ferreira Lucas Lima , Cavenaghi Odete Mauad
Published: April 2018

A doença de Parkinson (DP) consiste em uma enfermidade crônica e progressiva, caracterizada pela depleção da dopamina por degeneração dos neurônios da substancia negra, levando a perdas motoras e cognitivas. Pacientes com DP apresentam intolerância ao esforço físico, levando ao comprometimento de sua capacidade funcional (CF). O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a eficácia do teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6) como ferramenta para avaliação da CF de idosos com DP. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e LILACS, no período de janeiro de 2005 a dezembro de 2015, por meio do cruzamento dos descritores physical therapy, exercise test e o termo functional capacity com o descritor Parkinson’s disease. Foram identificados cinco estudos que avaliaram 203 idosos, dos quais 166 acometidos pela DP. Entre os idosos com DP, a idade média foi de 67,05 anos e a distância média percorrida no TC6 variou entre 332 a 546 metros. Os estudos concluíram que os idosos com DP apresentaram redução da CF. A análise realizada nesta revisão, sugere que o teste de caminhada de seis minutos parece não ser a ferramenta mais eficaz para avaliação da capacidade funcional de idosos com doença de Parkinson, pois pode subestimar sua funcionalidade.
Aeromycoflora in Outdoor Environment of Timisoara City (Romania)
Authors: IANOVICI Nicoleta , TUDORICA Dorina
Published: April 2018

An aeromycological study to identify and quantify allergenic fungi and their fluctuations was conducted at Timisoara. The diversity of the aeromycoflora in this study, based on the recovery of fungal propagules by the volumetric sampling method was conducted for 30 days using the Lanzoni sampler. The study showed that the most prevalent (major components) fungal spores in the air of Timisoara were Cladosporium spp., Drechslera/Helminthosporium spp., Alternaria spp. and Epicoccum spp. The abundant genera were Cladosporium, Fusarium/Leptosphaeria, Drechslera/Helminthosporium, Alternaria and Torula. Cladosporium was the most abundant fungal spore type (41%) collected throughout the period of study reaching.
Comparative Foliar Epidermal Studies in Coix lacryma-jobi L. andCoix aquatica Roxb. (Poaceae)
Authors: DESAI Rinku Jitendrakumar , RAOLE Vinay Madhukar , ARYA Arun Omprakash
Published: April 2018

As micromorphological knowledge was not available for Coix aquatica Roxb., the foliar epidermal studies were carried out for Coix lacryma-jobi L. and Coix aquatica Roxb. with the aim of determining the patterns of variation in their epidermal characteristics and assessing their value in species identification. Comparative foliar analysis was carried out by using light microscopy, after following routine scraping method. The characters of diagnostic importance in the identification of C. aquatica are the sparsely distributed prickle hairs with long pointed apex in the abaxial epidermis and dumbbell shaped silica cells in both the epidermises. The diagnostic characters for C. lacryma-jobi are the cross shaped silica cells and dumbbell shaped on the abaxial and adaxial epidermis respectively. The observed differences in certain micromorphological characters helps in identification of presently studied two species of Coix.
Intercropping of Cereals and Legumes for Forage Production
Authors: ESKANDARI Hamdollah , GHANBARI Ahmad , JAVANMARD Abdollah
Published: April 2018

Cereals are high important in feeding ruminant animals for their high dry matter production and low cost. However, cereals forage is poor in protein content which shows their low quality and nutritive value. Regarding to high feed costs of protein supplementations, legumes can be used in livestock nutrition for their high protein content and, thus, providing cost saving. Since legumes have low dry matter yield, acceptable forage yield and quality can obtained from intercropping of cereals and legumes compared with their sole crops. In this paper, forage quality indicators and different factors affecting forage quality are discussed. Forage production and quality of different cereals-legumes intercropping are also reviewed, where; different legumes had different effect on forage quality when intercropped with specific cereal. Regarding to forage quality and quantity, different cereals also led to different production of forage. A number of factors which must be noticified in selecting cereal-legume intercropping compositions, especially for forage production, were considered.
The Effect of Humic Acid on Nutrient Composition in Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) Roots
Authors: AKINCI Sener , BÜYÜKKESKİN Tamer , EROĞLU Ahmet , ERDOĞAN Birsen Eygi
Published: April 2018

Humic acids promote the conversion of mineral nutrients into forms available to plants. It also stimulates seed germination and viability, and its main effect usually being more prominent in the roots. The objective of this study was to determine of the influence of humic acid on broad bean (Vicia faba L.) cultivar ‘Eresen 87’ on root growth and development as well as nutrient uptake, during investigation in a pot experiment. Treatment with leonardite, as humic acid source positively affected both germination and harvesting, enhancing root length and biomass. Humic acid (HA) caused significant increase of fresh (RFW) and dry (RDW) weights by 30.1% and 56.6% of broad bean roots, respectively. Flame photometer and atomic absorption spectrophotometry analyses revealed that K content was major nutrient among the tested elements. Humic acid increased the contents of Na and K significantly. The content of Ca and Fe was not significantly increased whereas Cu, Mn and Zn content decreased under HA treatment.
Dynamic Analysis of the Evolution of Cereus peruvianus (Cactaceae) Areas Attacked by Phoma sp.
Authors: FESZT Gyorgy , MIHALTE Lucica , SESTRAS Radu
Published: April 2018

Cereus Peruvianus (night blooming Cereus, or peruvian apple) is one of the sensitive species to Phoma attack. Photographic images can intercept a certain phytopathology, at a certain moment. The computerized analysis of such an image turns into a value the spread which the phytopathological process has at that moment. The purpose of this study is to assimilate the technique of achieving successions of digital photos of Cereus peruvianus f. monstruosa attacked by Phoma sp. Parallely with recording the images, with the help of Rhythm digital temperature humidity controller, were recorded data about the green house microclimate (air humidity-minimum and maximum, temperature-minimum and maximum). In the first stage of the study, the attack presents small fluctuations, reaching a high level in days with low temperatures. So, the most significant growths were recorded in the periods: 10. 02. 2005-20. 02. 2005 with an affected area of 10.97-8.82 = 2.15 and 11. 03. 2005-22. 04. 2005 with growth differences of 14.67-13.32 = 1.35. Generally, the affected areas grow in days with low minimum temperatures. The great advantage of this technique is represented by the possibility of using in situ in home areas of species or crop plants in fields. Repeated images, achieved in time, then overlapped, can provide important data on the evolution of affected areas.
Seed Germination of selected Taxa from Kachchh Desert, India
Authors: RAOLE Vinay Madhukar , JOSHI Aruna Girish , GARGE Sandhya Kiran , DESAI Rinku Jitendrakumar
Published: April 2018

The district of Kachchh contains many culturally important plants. However, their conservation status is little known due to direct and indirect human activities. This study was undertaken with the aim of contributing to the conservation of the native species of these semi-arid regions through germination trials under laboratory conditions. Mature fruits of ten selected species were collected randomly from the known habitats to obtain viable seeds. These seeds were pre-treated with growth regulators singly or in combination after acid scarification or without scarification. Seeds were found to be dormant due to presence of thick seed coat or due to low level of endogenous hormonal level. Most of these seeds required different storage period to mature. Only seeds of Capparis cartilaginea germinated without treatment while the other species required treatments. Addition of growth regulators has enhanced seed germination in few taxa singly and in some plant cases in combination.
Development Correlations of the Buds of Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: ROTARU Liliana
Published: April 2018

The development characteristics of different buds of the grapevine are mainly related by stimulation and/or inhibition effects, the action of which is still inexplicable. The present study examines the development dynamics of the buds of a one-year old branch after excision of different buds and the application of ?-naphtyl acetic acid (ANA), as well as the growth capacity of each bud individually. We verified the effects of acrotony cited previously by various researchers. These effects are due to different developmental characteristics of which could to lay the groundwork for the improvement of different productions methods.
Hydropriming Increases Germination of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) under Water Stress
Authors: SAĞLAM Sevil , DAY Sibel , KAYA Gamze , GÜRBÜZ Ayşegül
Published: April 2018

Fresh seeds of lentil cultivars ‘Pul 11’, ‘Sultan 1’ and ‘Meyveci 2001’ were subjected to hydropriming with an objective to improve germination and seedling vigor under water stress induced by PEG-6000 at the water potentials of 0.0 (distilled water), -0.3 and-0.6 MPa. Results revealed that germination delayed in increasing water stress with variable germination among cultivars. Root, shoot length and germination were higher but mean germination time were lower in the primed seeds. Seeds were able to germinate at all concentrations of PEG but higher germination and improved seedling growth was observed in primed seeds. Cultivars showed variable response to water stress and cv. ‘Pul 11’ with the lightest seed weight gave better performance. Whereas, cv. ‘Sultan 1’ enhanced germination percentage with hydropriming under increased water stress. It was concluded that inhibition of germination due to water stress should be overcome by using primed lentil seeds.
Evaluation of Bioagents and Biopesticides against Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and its Integrated Management in Common Bean
Authors: PADDER Bilal Ahmad , SHARMA Prem Nath , KAPIL Renu , PATHANIA Anju , SHARMA Om Prakash
Published: April 2018

Three bioagents (Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum and Gliocladium virens) and five biopesticides (Achook, Neemgold, Wannis, Spictaf and Neemazal) were evaluated under in vitro and in vivo conditions against Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. All the three antagonistic fungi caused significant inhibition of mycelial growth, maximum being with T. viride (69.21%) followed by T. harzianum (64.20%). Among the biopesticides tested at four concentrations, Wanis applied @ 1000 ?l/ml caused maximum inhibition of 82.12 per cent followed by Spictaf (52.85%). T. viride and Wanis @ 1000 ?l/ml were most effective in reducing the seed borne infection. Integration of bioagents with Bavistin showed that disease can be effectively managed with seed dressing either with Bavistin or biopesticide followed by foliar treatment with fungicide or biopesticide.
Effect of Salinity on Growth, Xylem Structure and Anatomical Characteristics of Soybean
Authors: DOLATABADIAN Aria , MODARRES SANAVY Seyed Ali Mohammad , GHANATI Faezeh
Published: April 2018

This research was conducted in order to evaluation the salinity stress effect on growth parameters and stem anatomical changes of soybean grown under controlled conditions. Soybean seeds were surface sterilized and then sown into plastic pots filled up with perlite and vermiculite. Seeds were irrigated with Broughton and Dilworth solution daily. At full folded cotyledons stage (5 day after sowing), salinity stress was induced by adding NaCl into nutrition solution with final concentration of 0, 25, 50 and 100 mM. Thirty days after sowing plants were harvested and growth parameters and anatomical changes were evaluated. The results showed that, salinity stress was significantly decreased shoot and root weight either fresh weight or dry weight, in addition, total plant weight, plant height and leaf number were decreased due to salinity stress. Interestingly, leaf area was not affected by salinity stress. Stem microscopic study demonstrated that, salinity stress significantly increased cutin mass and trichome density on epidermal cells. On the other hand, cortex thickness was decreased because of salinity stress while xylem thickness had upward increase when soybean plants were grown under salinity stress especially high level of salinity. Additionally, there were changed in xylem formation and arrangement in stressed plants.
Inter-Tracheid and Cross-Field Pitting in Compression Wood and Opposite Wood of Norway Spruce (Picea abies L.)
Authors: TARMIAN Asghar , AZADFALLAH Mohammad , GHOLAMIYAN Hadi , SHAHVERDI Mahdi
Published: April 2018

Inter-tracheid and cross-filed pit specifications in compression wood and opposite wood of Norway spruce (Picea abies) were determined. Fewer pits of a smaller size and a smaller aperture diameter were observed in compression wood. In contrast to the uniseriate arrangement of bordered pit pairs in compression wood, both uniseriate and biseriate pits were observed in opposite wood. In contrast to the circular view of the pit aperture in opposite wood, a slit-like pit aperture was often observed in compression wood. SEM images showed a number of helical fissures on the tracheid walls and bordered pits of compression wood along the microfibril angle in the S2 layer. The cross-field pits in compression wood were dominantly piceoid but sometimes cupressoid and occasionally taxodioid, whereas they were mostly piceoid and occasionally cupressoid in opposite wood. Overall, some significant differences in the inter-tracheid and cross-field pitting between the compression wood and opposite wood can give some explanations for their different air permeability and drying kinetics found in the previous studies.
The Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Callus Induction and Regeneration of Amygdalus communis
Authors: SHARIFMOGHADAM Naimeh , SAFARNEJAD Abbas , TABATABAEI Sayed Mohammad
Published: April 2018

The Almond (Amygdalus communis) is one of the most important and oldest commercial nut crops, belonging to the Rosaceae family. Almond has been used as base material in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, hygienically and food industry. Propagation by tissue culture technique is the most important one in woody plants. In the current research, in vitro optimization of tissue culture and mass production of almond was investigated. In this idea, explants of actively growing shoots were collected and sterilized, then transferred to MS medium with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. The experiment was done in completely randomized blocks design, with 7 treatment and 30 replications. After 4 weeks, calli induction, proliferation, shoot length and number of shoot per explants were measured. Results showed that the best medium for shoot initiation and proliferation was MS + 0.5 mg/l IAA (Indol-3-Acetic Acid) + 1 mg/l BA (Benzyl Adenine). Autumn was the best season for collecting explants. The shoots were transferred to root induction medium with different concentrations of plant growth regulators. The best root induction medium was MS + 0.5 mg/l IBA (Indol Butyric Acid).
Socioeconomic Study of Grasses and Legumes in Baria and Godhra Forest Division, Gujarat
Authors: GANDHI Dhara J. , ALBERT Susy , PANDYA Neeta R. , PANCHAL Krishna R.
Published: April 2018

Gujarat has rich traditional knowledge associated with biodiversity. The cultural diversity in the Indian society reflects close relationship between the existence of human life and nature including all other living creatures and non-living creatures. The present paper deals with the traditional knowledge of villagers in 10 villages nearby the grasslands in Panchmahal and Dahod districts of Gujarat, India, regarding the multipurpose use of grasses and associated legumes prevailing in these grasslands. A survey with the help of questionnaire was conducted to analyze the socioeconomic status. 69 grass species and 34 legumes could be identified growing in these grasslands of which 92 were used for livestocks. Among these grasses the most preferred grass species were Dichanthium annulatum and Sehima nervosum because of its high palatability. Three grasses and 8 legume species were used for food and medicine. The study emphasizes the use of plant wealth to human needs of the regions and assist in appraisal of various anthropogenic interventions accountable for loss of prevailing biodiversity of the region.
Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Analysis in Rice under Optimum and Stress Irrigation Regimes
Authors: ABARSHAHR Mina , RABIEI Babak , LAHIGI Habibollah Samizadeh
Published: April 2018

In order to estimate genetic variability and relationships among some agronomic traits of rice an experiment were conducted with 30 varieties of rice under two irrigation regimes. There were significant differences among the varieties for all traits. Broad-sense heritability varied from 0.05 for brown grain width to 0.99 for plant height and number of spikelet for panicle under optimum irrigation and from 0.1 for brown grain width to 0.99 for plant height. Evaluation of phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variations (CV) showed that the lowest and highest phenotypic CV under optimum irrigation regime was observed to panicle fertility percentage and paddy yield and genotypic CV was related to brown grain width and plant height, respectively, while under drought stress condition, days to 50% flowering had the lowest phenotypic and genotypic CV and paddy yield and plant height had the highest phenotypic and genotypic CV. Furthermore, the lowest and highest expected genetic advance using selection intensity of 10% (i=1.75) were evaluated for brown grain width and plant height under optimum irrigation regime, respectively. Path analysis for paddy yield indicated that the number of spikelet per panicle and flag leaf length had positive direct effects and days to complete maturity and plant height had negative direct effects on paddy yield under optimum irrigation condition, while flag leaf width and number of filled grains per panicle had positive direct effects and days to 50% flowering had negative direct effect on paddy yield under drought stress condition.
A Novel Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (n-PCR) Assay for Identifying Sorghum nitidum
Authors: WEI Shasha , DENG Zhirui , YIN Liping , YI Jianping , WU Renqi , CHEN Qin
Published: April 2018

This work developed a novel nested polymerase chain reaction (n-PCR) assay to identify Sorghum nitidum (S. nitidum). It has been designed a set of specific n-PCR inner primers Snit5/Snit2 and outer primers Nout1/Nout2 based on a conserved nucleotide sequence of adh1-like gene of S. nitidum. Fourteen samples of sorghum were used to investigate the specificity of the primers and the n-PCR assay. The result showed that 9 samples of S. nitidum displayed a positive strong, specific amplified band at ~873 bp in gel spectra, while other relatives, including Sorghum halepense, Sorghum almum, Sorghum bicolor, Sorghum propinum and Sorghum sudanse exhibited negative amplifications. This assay was able to specifically identify S. nitidum fast and effectively, which could be applied widely in field inspection, agriculture production and plant protection.
Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Effect of Hibiscus rosasinensis Flower Extract on Streptozotocin Induced Experimental Rats-a Dose Response Study
Authors: SANKARAN Mirunalini , VADIVEL Arulmozhi
Published: April 2018

The present study was designed to evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effect of Hibiscus rosasinensis against streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Streptozotocin (STZ) was administered as a single dose (40 mg/kg) to induce diabetes. The hypoglycemic activity of Hibiscus rosasinensis extract (HRSEt) was investigated in a dose dependent manner such as (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg bwt) by evaluating various biochemical parameters. The levels of blood glucose, carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes, TBARS, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and lipid profiles were found to be significantly increased in diabetic rats when compared to control groups. Administration of extract in the treated groups showed altered changes in the above mentioned parameters and found that among the three doseses, 250 mg/kg showed best result when compared to other two doses. HRSEt possess antioxidant, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity against streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. However the detailed mechanism(s) of action will require elucidating in further studies.
Efficient Direct Protocorm-Like Bodies Induction of Dwarf Dendrobium using Thidiazuron
Authors: SUJJARITTHURAKARN Panjan , KANCHANAPOOM Kamnoon
Published: April 2018

An efficient induction of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) from seedlings of dwarf Dendrobium was accomplished in order to develop mass-scale propagation. The effect of N6-benzyladenine (BA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) on the in vitro induction of PLBs was studied. TDZ was found to be a more effective inducer of PLBs and their proliferation than BA. The highest percentage for the induction of PLBs (86%) and the highest number of PLBs (3.6) per protocorm were observed after 9 weeks of culture in modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium supplemented with 18 ?M TDZ.
Discoidin Domain Receptors Role in Human Diseases
Authors: BADIOLA Iker
Published: April 2018

Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 and Discodin Domain Receptor 2 are the two only members of the DDR family. The DDR family is a Tyrosine Kinase Receptor (TKR) family with some peculiarities compared with other Tyrosine Kinase Receptors such as their natural ligand; which in this case is the fibrillar collagen; or the slow phosphorylation pattern. These peculiarities confer a special role to the receptors present in many diseases development processes as cancer, cirrhosis or lung fibrosis. In this review it is described the overview of the DDRs structure and their role in the different disease development and the possibility to consider them as therapeutic targets.
Interaction Effect of CO2 Enrichment and Nutritional Conditions on Physiological Characteristics, Essential Oil and Yield of Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis L.)
Authors: SHOOR Mahmoud , MONDANI Farzad , ALIVERDI Akbar , GOLZARDI Farid
Published: April 2018

Carbon dioxide enrichment and nutritional improvement can increase photosynthesis and growth of different crops. The aim of the present study was to assess interaction effects of CO2 enrichment and fertilizer on physiological characteristics and lemon balm essential oil. Experimental units were composed of CO2 at 380, 700, and 1050 ppm with and without manure and N fertilizer application. A continuous increasing trend of individual plant leaf area, total dry weight accumulation and relative growth ratio were recorded with CO2 enrichment. When CO2 was elevated from 380 to 1050 ppm, the values of height (24.3%), SPAD reading (2.7%), essential oil yield (26.3%) and final yield (65.3%) were increased, unlike, stomatal conductance (35.2%) and essential oil percentage (53%) were decreased. The highest and the lowest values (except for oil percentage) were obtained under N and no fertilizer application, respectively. Except for SPAD, interaction between CO2 enrichment and each fertilizer on all measured characteristics had a significant effect, so that CO2 effect was intensified by applying each fertilizer. Therefore, it can be concluded that when temperature increase caused by rising CO2 is not considered or there is not a limitation for resources, CO2 enrichment will improve lemon balm biomass and essential oil yield.
The Variation of Several Biological Characteristics of the Chub, Squalius cephalus (L., 1758), in the Orenler Dam Lake, Northwest Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: BULUT Sait , MERT Ramazan , KONUK Muhsin , ALGAN Beklan , ALAŞ Ali , SOLAK Kemal
Published: April 2018

In the present study, several growth parameters of 338 Squalius cephalus (L., 1758) specimens collected from the Orenler dam lake (Turkey) between July 2005 and June 2006 were studied. The population comprised 50.74% males, 46.29% females, and 2.97% males+females. In the examined samples, the age of females and males ranged from I to VII and I to VI, respectively. The fork length and weight of females were 14.7-38.0 cm and 40.68-27.0 g, respectively; these values were 16.3-33.7 cm and 57.7-560.0 g, respectively, for males. The age-length and age-weight relationships at time t were calculated by the von Bertalanffy equation for females, and the following results were obtained: Lt = 37.12[1–e–0.36(t–(–0.96))], Wt = 775.6[1–e–0.36(t–(–0.96))]3.27, Lt = 43.59[1–e–0.3356(t–(–0.719))], and Wt = 1123.2[1–e–0.3356(t–(–0.719))]3.08. The calculated length-weight relationship was W = 0.36L3.27 for females and W = 0.03356L3.08 for males. The average condition factor was 1.412 for females and 1.284 for males. Consequently, in the Orenler dam lake, S. cephalus grows very well according to the study’s results.
Beneficial Effect Administration of Vitamin C in Amelioration of Lead Hepatotoxicity
Authors: AIT HAMADOUCHE Nadia , SLIMANI Miloud , AOUES Abdelkader
Published: April 2018

Previous human and experimental studies have demonstrated that lead exposure may modify the metabolism of lipid. Oxidative stress with subsequent lipid peroxidation has been postulated as one mechanism for lead toxicity. The protective action of vitamins C against lead affects lipid hydroperoxide level and liver functions in male rats has been studied. Experiments were performed on male waster rats with body weights of 120-160 g. Male wistar rats were exposed to 3 g/l lead acetate in drinking water for 5 weeks and treated thereafter with vitamin C (500 mg/kg, orally) for 28 days. One day after the feeding was over, venous blood samples, under chloroform anesthesia, were collected. The animals were killed by exsanguinations and the liver was excise for determination the metal content and histopathological changes. Similarly, the tissue lipid (lipid peroxidation) and the enzyme fraction (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP) and glutathione (GSH) were also measured in the liver. Metal content in blood and liver was determined by means of atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Administration of lead acetate (3 g/l) in drinking water for 5 weeks induced a significant increase in the levels of hepatic ALP, ACP and lipid peroxidation. Lead acetate exposure also produced detrimental effects on the redox status of the liver indicated by a significant decline in the levels of liver antioxidants such SOD, CAT and GSH. Further, there was a significant increase in the levels of lead in blood and liver of animals exposed to lead. However, oral administration of vitamin C at dose level of 500 mg/kg body weight reduced the alterations in the previous parameters. Histological examination of the liver also revealed pathophysiological changes in lead acetate-exposed group and treatment with vitamin C improved liver histology. The result of this study strongly indicate that vitamin C has got a potent antioxidant action against lead acetate induced hepatic damage in rats.
Impact of Kiln Drying Schedule upon Some Mechanical Properties of Poplar Wood
Authors: DASHTI Hadi , SHAHVERDI Mahdi , HAJI MIRZA TAYEB Seyed Ali , LOTFIZADEH Hossein
Published: April 2018

In the present research, the effect of three kiln drying schedules of T5-D2, T5-D4, and T5-D6 on poplar wood mechanical properties was investigated. The lumber was dried in a convectional laboratory kiln and then the compression strength in a parallel and perpendicular direction toward the grain, hardness, and nail withdrawal resistance were evaluated. The obtained results indicated with change from schedule T5-D2 to T5-D4, compression strength whether parallel or perpendicular to grain, hardness in tangential, radial, and transverse surfaces as well as, nail withdrawal resistance in tangential, radial, and transverse surfaces increased up to 18.1, 7.1, 16.4, 19.7, 14.1, 19.8, 5.7, and 9.2 % respectively, as against schedule T5-D2. Despite T5-D4 schedule, compression strength parallel to grain dropped in specimens dried by schedule T5-D6. However, nail withdrawal resistance of specimens dried by T5-D6 schedule was higher in all the three surfaces than the two other schedules. As regards, the T5-D6 schedule, compression strength perpendicular to grain and also hardness in all the three surfaces rose as opposed to that of T5-D2 schedule, but showed a decrease in comparison to the corresponding figure in T5-D4. Moreover, statistical analysis revealed that except the compression strength perpendicular to grain, other mechanical strength inducing by various wood drying conditions were put in separate statistical groups.
Intracellular Biosynthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Using Edible Mushrooms
Authors: MIRUNALINI Sankaran , ARULMOZHI Vadivel , DEEPALAKSHMI Krishnamoorthy , KRISHNAVENI Mani
Published: April 2018

The process of biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles is a simple, cost effective and eco-friendly approach. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using some commonly available edible mushroom extracts and their antimicrobial activity was demonstrated in the current study. The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by UV, FTIR and SEM and antibacterial activity was tested using disc diffusion method. From the results it is confirmed the successful formation of silver nanoparticles using mushroom extracts; they performed their role as a reducing and capping agent and also exhibited a potent antibacterial activity against S. aureus (gram positive bacteria). Thus the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using edible mushroom extract will deserve to be a good candidate as an antibacterial agent.
Effect of Domestic Processing Methods on Dry Matter, Total Sugar, Phenolics and Mineral Composition in Different Developmental Stages of Parkia roxburghii G. (Don.) Pods
Authors: SALAM Jekendra Singh , SALAM Priyadarshini , POTSHANGBAM Kumar Singh , DUTTA Biman Kumar
Published: April 2018

Parkia roxburghii is considered delicious in the Northeastern part of India, especially in the state of Manipur. Though it is widely used, information about the biochemical composition and its changes, after processing, is hardly available. In the present experiment, effect of processing methods on dry matter, soluble sugar, phenolics and mineral composition in different developmental stages of P. roxburghii pods were studied. Total soluble sugar (TSS), total phenols (TP), and orthodihydric phenols (ODHP) were determined as per the methods of Morris (1948), Bray and Thorpe (1954) and Mahadevan and Sridhar (1986). Sodium (Na), potassium (K), sulphur (S) and phosphorus (P) were estimated as per the procedures of Tandon (1993). Calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co) were analyzed in an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Processing methods reduced dry matter, soluble sugar and phenolics in all the stages of the pod. TP and ODHP lost up to the extent of 72.78% in tender stage due to ordinary cooking, while higher loss of ODHP recorded in immature stage of the pod due to pressure cooking. Ca, Mg, K and Zn in different stages were found to be affected significantly by different methods of cooking, while no such changes were observed in case of S, P, Fe, Mn and Cu. The level of iron amongst the micro minerals is appreciably high recording up to 51.0 mg/100 g in the immature stage of the pod. As iron, zinc and manganese are antioxidant micronutrients, their higher presence in P. roxburghii might be of some nutritional importance.
Evaluation of Variability in Proximate Compositions among Accessions of Sword bean (Canavalia gladiata Jacq. DC) and Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis L. DC)
Authors: DADA Oyeyemi Adigun , FALOYE Benjamin , DUMET Juliet Dominique
Published: April 2018

Exploitation of available germplasms particularly in the developing countries is still limited despite the availability of rich gene pools. Canavalia species are underutilized legumes of wide importance for humans and livestock feed. Field and laboratory studies were carried out on evaluation of variability in proximate compositions within and between fifteen genotypes of Canivalia species collected from Genetic Resources Centre, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan. The study was a randomized complete block design replicated three thrice. Harvested mature seeds were analysed for proximate composition. The results revealed that moisture content ranged from 26.97 to 30.05, crude protein 15.45-21.85%, lipid 7.05-29.70%, ash 10.18-17.43%, sugar 0.75-1.37%, starch 7.40-0.26% and energy levels 1016.56-1825.82 kJ 100 g-1 DM. Significant (p<0.05) variability was observed in sugar, lipid and energy contents among the accessions based on analysis of variance (ANOVA). The first principal component analysis (PCA) had the highest contribution of 31.4% to the total variation. Based on proximate composition, the 15 accessions clustered into six main groups. Lipid varied widely and significantly (p<0.05) correlated to energy. Aggregation of accessions within the same species into a cluster revealed high similarity within a biological and taxonomic unit. The similarities among these 15 accessions could allow for inter specific hybridization.
Distribution Pattern of Seahorse species (Genus: Hippocampus) in Tamilnadu and Kerala Coasts of India
Authors: LIPTON Aaron Premnath , THANGARAJ Muthusamy
Published: April 2018

The survey along the Tamilnadu and Kerala coats of India reveled that six species of seahors (Hippocampus fuscus, H. kelloggi, H. kuda, H. histrix H. mohnikei and H. trimaculatus) were distributed with different density. Out of the six species, H. fuscus, H. kuda and H. trimaculatus, were the commonly available species in all the observed areas. In Palk Bay, H. kuda was the dominant species constituting 49.10% of the total seahorses encountered. Hippocampus trimaculatus was the second dominant species which accounting 39.28%. The Gulf of Mannar region also most abounded with H. kuda (68.98%) followed by H. trimaculatus (20.80%), H. fuscus (9.80%), H. kelloggi (2.23%) and H. histrix (0.37%). In Kerala coast, H. trimaculatus was the dominant species (79.68%) followed by H. kuda (9.89%), H. kelloggi (8.33%) and H. fuscus (2.08%). To infer the variation of six seahorse species the morphometric and meristic characters were analysed. The important morphometric and meristic characters are trunk rings, tail rings, pectoral and dorsal fin rays, trunk length, tail length, coronet height, head length, snout length, snout depth and head depth. Variation in overall body shape, relative snout length, coronet height, number of tail ring was sufficient to separate the specimens to Hippocampus fuscus, H. kelloggi, H. kuda, H. histrix H. mohnikei and H.trimaculatus. The species density and diversity depends on the habitat and biogeography of those areas. Majority of seahorse fishing in Tamilnadu was by shrimp trawl, by-catch and very few target catch by divers also seen in some villages of Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar region. The shrimp trawl by-catch only bringing more H. trimaculatus than the other species in Kerala coasts.