bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Music Companion to the Framework for Information Literacy: Background, Process, and a New Guiding Document
Authors: Pratesi Angela L. , Beckendorf Andrea , Conor Erin , Wells Veronica A. , Bickley Tom , Schmidt Anna Grau
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT: With its focus on process, habits, practices, and dispositions, the Association of College and Research Libraries' Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education presented an exciting challenge and opportunity to understand and teach information literacy in a way that reflects our increasingly complex information landscape. In response, the Instruction Subcommittee of the Music Library Association formed the Framework Working Group with an initial goal of expanding the Framework concepts to include composition and performance. Following a survey to gauge music librarians' understanding and use of the new document, the group decided to create the Music Companion to the Framework for Information Literacy that would work in tandem with the Framework. The new Music Companion explains the six existing threshold concepts of the Framework using music-specific language to fully encompass the possibilities of what constitutes information literacy in music and related disciplines. In addition to music-focused knowledge practices and dispositions, it also includes sample learning outcomes that offer ways to connect with what librarians might currently offer, as well as inspiration for new ways of thinking about instruction. This article provides an overview of the professional discourse and activities following the adoption of the 2016 ACRL Framework, culminating in the Music Library Association's October 2023 approval of the Music Companion to the Framework for Information Literacy, which is included in full.
Weaving A Rich Tapestry: Information Literacy Presentations and Posters at the MLA Annual Meeting, 2000–2024
Authors: Beckendorf Andrea , Manus Sara J. Beutter
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT: While other publications provide insight into the overall trajectory of the published literature on music information literacy, instruction-related presentations and poster sessions at MLA meetings are a key part of the scholarly record that have been overlooked. As information literacy has expanded to occupy a prominent role in the broader practice of librarianship, the consistent increase in the numbers of MLA posters and presentations on this topic reflects the growth of a community of music information literacy practitioners. This article will demonstrate the ways that presentations and posters intersect with and expand upon foundational documents like the ACRL Framework, the published scholarship of music IL, and the work of the MLA Instruction Subcommittee. The article is organized chronologically into three sections: Laying the Foundation (1978–1999); From the Standards to the Framework (2000–2016); and Teaching with the Framework (2017–2024). Within these sections, we observe trends in poster and presentation content by category and situate them within the scholarly discourse on music IL.
Publicly Supported Family Planning Clinics in 2022–2023: Trends in Service Delivery Practices and Protocols
Authors:   Guttmacher Institute, VandeVusse Alicia , Mueller Jennifer , Haas Madeleine , Osias Priscille , Tchou Tamrin Ann
Published: November 2024

Key Points

Publicly supported family planning clinics play a crucial role in the health care system, providing essential contraceptive services to millions of people every year.
These safety-net clinics have faced several obstacles since 2015, such as the Title X domestic gag rule, the COVID-19 pandemic and the overturning of Roe v. Wade.
The proportion of clinics offering a wide range of contraceptive services on-site has remained relatively stable since 2015. However, provision of implants has increased, while the number of clinics offering fertility awareness–based methods and emergency contraceptive pills has decreased.
The use of telemedicine to dispense oral contraceptive pills rose dramatically from 2015 to 2022–2023, likely driven by an increased use of telemedicine that began during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The use of several protocols that support patient access to contraceptives has increased, including prescribing at least 12 months of oral contraceptive pills at the initial visit, offering both pills and refills on-site, dispensing oral contraceptive pills using the Quick Start protocol and offering advanced provision of emergency contraception, especially among Planned Parenthood clinics.
The availability of general health and other sexual and reproductive health services in these clinics has also remained largely stable, although availability of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and mental health screening has increased notably since 2015.
Prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among older adults living in aged care homes of Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal
Authors: Maharjan Sanju , Tiwari Nujan , Bista Sita , Basel Prem
Published: November 2024

Depressive symptoms have become a global public health problem, with a predominant effect on the older adults. The studies on mental health status of older adults in Nepal are quite limited. In this study, we aim to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among the older adults living in public aged care homes of Kathmandu Metropolitan City in Nepal. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 142 older adults; aged 60 years and above recruited through proportional simple random sampling from six aged care homes. The 15 item-Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used to assess the depressive symptoms among the participants. Associated factors were tested using Chi-square test; and a p-value of less than 0.05 with a confidence interval of 95% was used for statistical significance. More than half of the study participants, 58.5% (95% CI: 49.9%-66.7%) were found to have depressive symptoms. Among them, 38.7% had mild symptoms, 16.2% had moderate symptoms and 3.5% had severe symptoms. Age (OR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.08–4.66), sex (OR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.17–4.75), past family type (OR = 0.44, 0.22–0.89), chronic physical health problem (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.12–0.98) and feelings of loneliness were found to have significant association with depressive symptoms among the older adults’ population. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among the older adults in aged care homes in Kathmandu Metropolitan City is quite high and is found to be associated with age, sex, past family type, chronic physical health problems and feeling of loneliness. It is a concerning issue that requires targeted mental health programs and interventions in order to bring about a positive shift in their mental health condition. It also demands a robust collaboration between the local bodies, health institutions, administrators, private as well as nonprofit institutions to bring desirable change.
Investigating workplace bullying (WPB), intention to quit and depression among nurses in the Upper West Region of Ghana
Authors: Dapilah Emmanuel , Druye Andrews Adjei
Published: November 2024

Background

Intention to quit among nurses is increasingly recognized as a serious predictor of voluntary turnover. Voluntary turnover on the other hand is a significant factor fueling the shortage of nurses globally which could partly be blamed on negative workplace behaviors including but not limited to workplace bullying. Even though the relationship between workplace bullying and the intention to quit has been studied extensively, little is known about these concepts among nurses in Ghana.

Aim

The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between workplace bullying among nurses and their intention to quit the profession in the Upper West Region of Ghana. We also determined the relationship between workplace bullying and depression among nurses.

Methods

We employed a cross-sectional design with 323 nurses recruited through a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with a 98.5% (N = 318) response rate.

Results

Initial descriptive statistics indicate that 64.4% (n = 203) of the nurses had intentions of quitting the job while 52.1% (n = 164) were depressed at various degrees based on scores on the DASS-21. Further analysis shows a positive linear relationship between WPB and intentions to quit. WPB was also correlated positively with depression among the nurses. This implies that an increased incidence of bullying at work is associated with increased intention to quit and depression among the nurses.

Conclusions

With over 50% of the nurses in this study intending to quit their jobs, it would be incumbent on nurse managers and other leaders at these health facilities to reconsider the work environment, policies, and leadership to prevent actual voluntary turnover. Managers must also fashion pragmatic strategies aimed at reducing stress and promoting the health and well-being of the nurses.
Risk factors for nosocomial infection in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lv Xiangui , Han Yan , Liu Daiqiang , Chen Xinwei , Chen Lvlin , Huang Huang , Huang Chao
Published: November 2024

Objective

To evaluate the risk factors of nosocomial infection during Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment through systematic evaluation and meta-analysis, in order to provide evidence-based basis for clinical treatment and prevention of nosocomial infection during ECMO treatment.

Method

Computer search of Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases was conducted to establish a database of relevant literature published in March 2023. Two researchers independently screened literature, extracted data, and evaluated quality based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then analyzed the data using STATA 14.0 software. This plan is registered with PROSPERO as CRD42021271083.

Result

A total of 2955 ECMO patients, including 933 nosocomial infected patients, were included in 23 articles. Meta analysis showed that immunosuppression, Heart transplantation, VA-ECMO, CRRT, red blood cell input, ECMO support time, mechanical ventilation time, ICU hospitalization time, and total hospitalization time were the risk factors for nosocomial infection in patients supported by ECMO.

Conclusion

ECMO treatment for nosocomial infections in patients is related to multiple factors. In clinical work, medical staff should identify high-risk groups of ECMO nosocomial infections, actively take preventive measures, and reduce the incidence and mortality of nosocomial infections.
Number of antenatal care utilization and associated factors among pregnant women in rural Ethiopia: Zero-inflated Poisson regression of 2019 intermediate Ethiopian Demography Health Survey
Authors: Geremew Bisrat Misganaw , Mariye Yitbarek Fantahun , Belay Daniel Gashaneh , Endale Hiwot Tezera , Gebreegziabher Fana Kinfe , Negash Habtu Kifle
Published: November 2024

Background

About 70% of maternal fatalities (202,000) occurred in Sub-Saharan Africa alone. ANC lowers the morbidity and death rates for mothers and perinatals. The study aimed to determine the number of antenatal care and associated factors in the rural part of Ethiopia.

Methods

We performed secondary data analysis for the 2019 intermediate EDHS, utilizing weighted data from a total of 2896.7 pregnant women. A zero-inflated Poisson regression analysis was executed using Stata version 17.0. Using the incident rate ratio and odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval, the intensity of the link and direction were shown.

Result

From the weighted pregnant women, 1086(37.47%) used four or more antenatal care during the current pregnancy. About 848 (29.29%) women do not attend antenatal care during pregnancy. The highest percentage (29.65%) of antenatal care visits was observed from 25 to 29 age. In comparison to women without formal education, the frequency of prenatal visits was 1.1(IRR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0425, 1.175) and 1.2 (IRR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.093, 1.308) times higher among women enrolled in primary, and secondary & above education, respectively. Orthodox followers had 13% (IRR = 0.87, 95% CI: .813, 0.935) and 31% (IRR = 0.69, 95% CI: .552, 0.870) times more prenatal care visits than Protestant and other religions’ followers, respectively. Prenatal care was substantially more common among women living in wealthy households (IRR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.051, 1.189). In the zero-inflated model, educational status, household wealth index, region, and religion show significant association with antenatal care service utilization uptake becomes zero.

Conclusion

In rural Ethiopia, the rate of antenatal care service utilization has been lower than the respective current national statistics. A significant proportion of mothers who received antenatal care did not receive enough visits. Living in developing regions, following the Orthodox faith, being educated, and having a better home wealth position reduces the likelihood of skipping antenatal treatment.
Genetic diversity and virulence variability of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Eastern and Northeastern India
Authors: Borah Tasvina R. , Dutta Subrata , Barman Ashis Roy , Ray Sujit Kumar
Published: November 2024

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the necrotrophic cosmopolitan fungus, has become an emerging and re-emerging pathogen in the subtropical regions. Genetic diversity of 36 isolates of the fungus isolated from infected samples collected from the eastern and North eastern states was carried out using UP-PCR and SSR. Virulence variability was analysed based on four different measures. Among the eight UP-PCR primers and various combinations used, L-21, 3–2 and AA2M2-AS4 generated maximum number of fingerprints (13, 13 and 12, respectively) ranging from 100bp to 1kb. The isolates exhibited varied level of aggressiveness; majority (77.78%) were moderately virulent, 8.33% (22.22% of Assam and 6.67% of West Bengal) isolates were highly virulent, and 13.89% were less virulent. Several amplification products viz., 500bp generated by AA2M2-AS4, 150bp by AA2M2-L-21 and 100bp by L-21-3-2 were positively correlated with disease severity grading at 5% level of significance, whereas, 600bp band generated by AA2M2-3-2 was correlated at 1% level of significance. This indicates presence of these bands in highly virulent isolates. Out of the eight SSR primers, TATG9 did not generate any amplification and the isolates were divided into two major groups; the group II contained single isolate from Nagaland (NG4) indicating it to be genetically diverse from rest of the isolates. The subgroup A of the major group I was the largest and most diverse group with 11 members indicating genetic admixture within different geographic populations with different levels of similarity (70–100%). Genetic diversity based on SSR banding pattern showed highest value of Nei’s gene diversity and Shannon’s index of diversity (%pb = 61.11; h = 0.219; I = 0.330) for the Nagaland population with 9 members followed by West Bengal population with 15 members. Nei’s genetic distance of all the tested populations was low, ranging from 0.0014 to 0.2350; however, genetic identity was high ranging from 0.7905 to 0.9986. The findings suggest that the pathogen populations of eastern and North eastern region were predominantly clonal with some evidence of infrequent out crossing.
Exploring bacterial key genes and therapeutic agents for breast cancer among the Ghanaian female population: Insights from In Silico analyses
Authors: Kibria Md. Kaderi , Ali Md. Ahad , Mollah Md. Nurul Haque
Published: November 2024

Breast cancer (BC) is yet a significant global health challenge across various populations including Ghana, though several studies on host-genome associated with BC have been investigated molecular mechanisms of BC development and progression, and candidate therapeutic agents. However, a little attention has been given on microbial genome in this regard, although alterations in microbiota and epigenetic modifications are recognized as substantial risk factors for BC. This study focused on identifying bacterial key genes (bKGs) associated with BC infections in the Ghanaian population and exploring potential drug molecules by targeting these bKGs through in silico analyses. At first, 16S rRNA bacterial sequence data were downloaded from NCBI database comprising 520 samples from BC patients and 442 from healthy controls. Analysis of 16S rRNA-Seq data showed significant differences in bacterial abundance between BC and healthy groups and identified 26 differential genera with the threshold values at |log2FC|>2.0 and p-value≤0.05. It was observed that two genera Prevotella and Anaerovibria are significantly upregulated in BC patients and others are downregulated. Functional analysis based on all differential genera identified 19 MetaCyc signaling pathways, twelve of which were significantly enriched in BC patients by containing 165 genes Top-ranked 10 genes mdh, pykF, gapA, zwf, pgi, tpiA, pgk, pfkA, ppsA, and pykA were identified as BC-causing bacterial key genes (bKGs) through protein-protein interaction network analysis. Subsequently, the bKG-guided top ranked 10 drug molecules Digitoxin, Digoxin, Ledipasvir, Suramin, Ergotamine, Venetoclax, Nilotinib, Conivaptan, Dihydroergotamine, and Elbasvir were identified using molecular docking analysis. The stability of top-ranked three drug-target complexes (Digitoxin-pykA, Digoxin-mdh, and Ledipasvir-pgi) were confirmed through the molecular dynamics simulation studies. Therefore, these findings might be useful resources to the wet-lab researchers for further experimental validation on bacterial therapies against BC.
A social media competitive intelligence framework for brand topic identification and customer engagement prediction
Authors: Ju Xingting
Published: November 2024

Purpose

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed customer social media engagement behavior, which challenges the establishment of effective marketing strategies to strengthen digital communication with customers and leads to new opportunities for social media competitive intelligence analytics. This study presents a new social media competitive intelligence framework that incorporates not only the detection of brand topics before and during the COVID-19 pandemic but also the prediction of customer engagement.

Design/Methodology/Approach

A sector-based empirical study is conducted to illustrate the implementation of the proposed framework. We collected tweets generated by 23 leading American catering brands before and during the pandemic. First, we used Amazon Comprehend and Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) to extract sentiments and topics behind unstructured text data. Second, we trained and compared the performance of six machine learning algorithms to find the optimal classifiers.

Findings

The study reveals significant shifts in social media engagement topics following the COVID-19 pandemic. Pre-pandemic topics primarily included “Food and lifestyle”, “Promotion”, “Food ordering”, “Food time”, and “Food delivery”. During the pandemic, the topics expanded to include “Social responsibility” and “Contactless ordering”. For predicting customer engagement, the performance metrics show that Random Forest and C5.0 (C50) are generally the best-performing models, with Random Forest being particularly strong for "Likes" and “Retweets”, while C50 performs best for “Replies”.

Originality

This framework differentiates itself from existing competitive intelligence frameworks by integrating the influence of external factors, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and expanding the analysis from topic detection to customer engagement prediction. This dual focus provides a more comprehensive approach to social media competitive intelligence.
Clinical predictors of physiologic change after treatment with immunosuppression in hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Authors: Kypreos Margaret , de Boer Esther , Ellington Graham , Fujioka Genichiro , Liu Jerry , Glazer Craig , Adams Traci
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Treatment of hypersensitivity pneumonitis involves removal of the antigen and may include the use of immunosuppression or antifibrotic therapy. It remains unclear whether antifibrotic or immunosuppressive therapy is more beneficial in fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis or if clinical markers can predict a patient’s response to therapy.

Methods

We evaluated a retrospective cohort in order to determine if certain clinical characteristics can predict physiologic improvement with immunosuppressive treatment in patients with chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Patients with a diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis with a moderate, high, or definite confidence according to the American Thoracic Society criteria were included in the study.

Results

Overall immunosuppression did not lead to improvement in % predicted forced vital capacity (FVC%) and % predicted diffusion capacity (DLCO%). Patients with fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis and those with familial interstitial lung disease demonstrated a decline in FVC% predicted as well as DLCO% predicted over one year and the use of immunosuppression does not modify that risk. In contrast, patients with extensive ground glass demonstrated improvement in DLCO% predicted but not FVC% predicted over one year with or without the use of immunosuppression.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrates that certain radiographic variables trend toward a significant impact on FVC% predicted as well as DLCO% predicted and suggests that antifibrotic therapy may be a better initial choice of therapy in patients with fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis as decline occurred with or without the use of immunosuppression.
Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes among unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Arunachalam Ashwini , Sura Sneha , Murphy John , Conkling Paul , Goldschmidt Jerome
Published: November 2024

Background

In 2018, the treatment options for unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) changed with durvalumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), which was approved for consolidation therapy following concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) without disease progression. Despite durvalumab’s clinical benefit, many patients receiving this therapy developed progression. This study evaluated treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in real-world community oncology practices for patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC who received cCRT.

Methods

This study used The US Oncology Network’s (iKnowMed) electronic health record database supplemented by chart review and included adults diagnosed with unresectable stage III NSCLC initiating cCRT between 11/01/2017 and 10/31/2019, with follow-up through 04/30/2022. cCRT included concurrent treatment with platinum-based chemotherapy and radiation therapy (+/-14 days). Real-world overall survival (rwOS) and real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) were estimated from cCRT initiation using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results

Among 426 patients, 61.5% received durvalumab post-cCRT (cCRT+durvalumab) and 38.5% did not (cCRT alone). Death (28.3%) and disease progression (22.2%) were the most common reasons for not initiating durvalumab. The median age for the cCRT+durvalumab and cCRT alone cohorts were 70 and 71 years, and 71.8% and 61.6% had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0–1, respectively. 51.5% of cCRT+durvalumab discontinued durvalumab, primarily due to adverse events (35.8%) and disease progression (28.4%). Median rwOS was 50.2 (95% confidence interval [CI]:41.4, not reached) and 11.6 (95% CI:6.5,15.9) months for cCRT+durvalumab and cCRT alone, respectively. Median rwPFS was 28.5 (95% CI:23.3,36.4) months for cCRT+durvalumab and 6.3 (95% CI:4.3,9.3) months for cCRT alone, respectively. 23.7% (cCRT+durvalumab) and 26.2% (cCRT alone) received subsequent treatment, of which, 59.7% (cCRT+durvalumab) and 46.5% (cCRT alone) received ICI.

Conclusion

Four out of ten patients did not receive consolidation durvalumab mainly due to disease progression. Even among patients who initiated durvalumab, many patients relapsed and were retreated with ICIs. These findings underscore the need to refine treatment strategies for better outcomes in stage III unresectable NSCLC.
Predicting long-term functional anti-VEGF treatment outcomes in neovascular AMD in a real-world setting
Authors: Pfister Isabel B. , Schild Christin , Garweg Justus G.
Published: November 2024

Purpose

To test to what degree retinal fluid (RF) after the loading phase and at the end of year 1 predicts long-term functional outcomes in neovascular macular degeneration (nAMD), as do macular (MA) atrophy, treatment density and treatment interval extension.

Methods

In this retrospective single-center cohort study, a consecutive series of eyes with treatment-naïve nAMD followed under a treat-and-extend (T&E) protocol followed over ≥2 years. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), presence of retinal fluid (RF) and macular atrophy (MA) were registered along with central retinal thickness (CRT) and treatment density over time. The relationship between these variables was tested by regression analysis.

Results

A total of 433 eyes were followed for 4.9 ± 2.2 years. A series of univariate analyses were run to select the covariates for the final multivariate regression model. CRT after loading, time to dryness, intraretinal fluid and MA after one year were found to predict visual function over 2 to 5 years. A final regression model was adjusted for visual acuity (VA) at baseline and showed that CRT after loading was predictive only in the short term (2 years) and that MA had the greatest predictive value for VA after 2 to 5 years. Intraretinal fluid (IRF) significantly predicted VA only after 4 years. The final regression model explained 21 to 32% of the variation in VA.

Conclusions

In this large retrospective cohort, the presence of MA after one year was the strongest predictor of VA after 2 to 5 years, explaining a vision loss of 13 to 20 letters. The presence of IRF and SRF at any point of time had a comparably weak predictive potential for the outcomes over 5 and more years.
Determinants of depression among ever-married adolescent girls in Bangladesh: Evidence from the Bangladesh Adolescent Health and Wellbeing Survey 2019–2020
Authors: Hasan Mehedi , Al Amin Md
Published: November 2024

Background

Common mental health disorders in early life represent a major challenge and these conditions become more complicated and substantial during the development period of adolescence. Despite the global concern over the increasing prevalence of mental health issues among adolescents, it remains largely a neglected area of research and health policy in Bangladesh, where the burden of child marriage is significantly higher. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with depression among married adolescent girls in Bangladesh.

Methods

The study utilized the data from first-ever Bangladesh Adolescent Health and Wellbeing Survey (BAHWS), conducted in 2019–2020. A total of 1,693 married adolescent girls were included in the final analysis. Depressive symptoms were measured using the standardized Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) tool. Descriptive statistics were applied to assess the prevalence of depression, while bivariate analysis was done to measure the significance of the variables. Furthermore, logistic regression was used to examine the association between any form of depression and selected covariates.

Results

The overall prevalence of mild to severe levels of depression among the participants was 53.1% (Mild: 40.3%; Moderate: 9.9%; Moderately severe: 2.3%; Severe: 0.6%). In the multivariable logistic regression model, it was found that adolescents from richest wealth quintile were 35% less likely to suffer from depression (AOR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.45–0.92; P value = 0.02). Additionally, physical violence (AOR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.14–2.09; P value = 0.004), sexual harassment (AOR = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.11–2.01; P value = 0.007), social bullying (AOR = 2.25; 95% CI = 1.73–2.91; P value < .001), and cyberbullying (AOR = 1.75; 95% CI = 1.10–2.77; P value = 0.01) were associated with depression.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that more than half of the married adolescents suffer from mild to severe levels of depression, while any form of violence and harassment significantly increases their risk of depression. Therefore, a more inclusive policy is needed, engaging with communities and local stakeholders, to lay out key actions and intervention pathways to address the issue of violence against married adolescent girls as the extent and spectrum of violence continue to evolve.
Unsupervised classification of Blanding’s turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) behavioural states from multi-sensor biologger data
Authors: Adderley-Heron Kelton , Chow-Fraser Patricia
Published: November 2024

Classifying animal behaviors in their natural environments is both challenging and ecologically important, but the use of biologgers with multiple sensors has significantly advanced this research beyond the capabilities of traditional methods alone. Here, we show how biologgers containing an integrated tri-axial accelerometer, GPS logger and immersion sensor were used to infer behavioural states of a cryptic, freshwater turtle, the Blanding’s turtle (Emydoidea blandingii). Biologgers were attached to three males and five females that reside in two undisturbed coastal marshes in northeastern Georgian Bay (Ontario, Canada) between May and July 2023. Raw acceleration values were separated into static and dynamic acceleration and subsequently used to calculate overall dynamic body acceleration (ODBA) and pitch. The unsupervised Hidden Markov Model (HMM) successfully differentiated five behavioural states as follows: active in water, resting in water, active out of water, resting in water, and nesting. Overall accuracy of the classification was 93.8%, and except for nesting (79%), all other behaviours were above 92%. There were significant differences in daily activity budgets between male and female turtles, with females spending a greater proportion of time active out of water, and inactive out of the water, while males spent a greater proportion of time active in water. These differences were likely a result of large seasonal life-history requirements such as nesting and mate finding. Accurate classification of behavioural states is important for researchers to understand fine-scale activities carried out during the active season and how environmental variables may influence the behaviours of turtles in their natural habitats.
The driving factors, configuration paths and effects of employment polarization under the development of digital economy
Authors: Zhou Pengfei , Li Xianfeng , Shen Yang
Published: November 2024

Taking the development of China’s digital economy as a background, the article provides an in-depth analysis and summarises the influencing factors of labour force employment polarisation. The study employs provincial panel data from 2010 to 2020, applies fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis methods, and constructs a fixed-effects model in order to explore the drivers, paths and their effects of employment polarisation. The results of the study show that economic, social and educational environments together have a significant impact on employment polarisation through interactions and synergistic effects; it also identifies four main paths of labour force employment polarisation, which are numerical-social-environment-driven, numerical-educational-environment-driven, numerical-economic-environment-driven, and types driven by other factors; this study also finds that compared to the summed impact of single elements, these grouping pathways have a more significant impact on employment polarisation. These findings not only provide a key perspective for understanding how the digital economy shapes employment polarisation, but also provide an empirical basis and insights for policies based on the findings.
The Statue-Menhir of Nave 1 (Moimenta da Beira, Viseu, Central Portugal): preliminary results from the 2023 archaeological campaign
Authors: Araque Gonzalez Ralph , Baptista Pedro , Drigoda Sabine , Pereira André , Puga Yasmin , Rammelkammer Vera , Vilaça Raquel
Published: November 2024

Prehistoric statue-menhirs and stelae are amongst the most interesting and at the same time problematic monuments in Iberia. Almost none of these self-standing pieces of rock art have been found within an archaeological context, and chronologies are often based on iconography alone. The statue-menhir of Nave 1 appeared to be in situ and thus offered the unique possibility for the investigation of chronological, technological, and contextual issues. The monument has been excavated and its pit could be recorded; C14 samples were obtained from a stratigraphic unit cut by this pit and a nearby fireplace. This paper presents the strati4 PhD student. Conimbriga, 63 (2024) 5-46 graphic sequence, illustrated with graphic materials from the excavation. It also addresses the protocol applied to the process of lichen removal from the granite slab. Following an analysis of the archaeological contexts and discussion of the data gathered in our fieldwork, it highlights the future perspectives for research on this notable site.
O Desbaste do cavalo na Península Ibérica pré-romana. A propósito da descoberta de uma “cena de doma” na rocha 80 do Vale de José Esteves (Vale do Côa, Portugal)
Authors: Luís Luís , Mosquera Castro Tania , Santos André Tomás , Silvestre Marcelo , Aubry Thierry
Published: November 2024

Na sequência de trabalhos de registo de arte rupestre do Vale do Côa, apresenta-se uma nova representação identificada na rocha 80 do núcleo do Vale de José Esteves (Vila Nova de Foz Côa). A cena é interpretada como uma representação do trabalho à guia, no contexto do desbaste de cavalos, e enquadrada nas “cenas de doma” da iconografia peninsular pré-romana. Associando todas estas representações, juntamente com outras presentes na arte do Vale do Côa, procura definir-se uma sequência do trabalho de desbaste do cavalo em tempos pré-romanos, relacionando-o com o contexto ideológico destas sociedades.
No encalço de Hércules? Uma nova perspetiva sobre um controverso baixo-relevo
Authors: Cruz Gonçalo
Published: November 2024

Um elemento pétreo decorado com um baixo-relevo, identificado na Citânia de Briteiros no século XVIII, é o tema central deste estudo. O facto de representar duas figuras humanas conferiu-lhe algum destaque, divergindo a interpretação do baixo-relevo entre os que consideram a sua temática sexual, ou a representação de uma cena de combate ou de trabalho. De forma menos evidente, também a atribuição cronológica deste achado descontextualizado é controversa, entre a sua inclusão na escultura romana, ou entre os cânones artísticos da Idade do Ferro local.
Uma observação mais detalhada da peça e a procura de paralelos iconográficos, motivou a interpretação que apresentamos e que está parcialmente em linha com algumas propostas anteriores que a atribuem genericamente ao período romano. Contudo, propomos a interpretação hercúlea da cena representada, analisando o possível contexto subjacente ao recurso a esta iconografia clássica.
Entre fantasia e realidade: a epigrafia luso-romana na região vizinha de São Martinho do Porto
Authors: Mantas Vasco Gil
Published: November 2024

Embora em São Martinho do Porto não se conheça nenhum monumento epigráfico de época romana, numa pequena área circundante não faltam, contando-se atualmente dezassete, entre perdidos, conservados e falsos, que aqui também discutimos, procurando analisar em conjunto um pequeno mas diversificado corpus epigráfico, testemunho de uma região plenamente integrada no mundo sociocultural romano.
NEURO... QUÊ? Um guia sobre profissões em Neurociências
Authors: Amado Luísa , Ribeiro Beatriz , Amaral Sara Varela , Laranjo Mariana , Seabra Catarina M.
Published: November 2024

O teu futuro em Neurociências começa aqui!
Somos Brain Gain - À Descoberta das Neurociências. Conscientes das barreiras entre cientistas e a comunidade, a nossa equipa desafiou-se a criar, em 2020, o projeto Brain Gain com o objetivo principal de: destacar a qualidade do trabalho realizado em Neurociências em Portugal e também o que fazem neurocientistas portugueses pelo mundo. Para além disso, quisemos: mostrar a diversidade de profissões que existe neste contexto e inspirar jovens estudantes a seguirem esta área. Desta forma, o projeto tem contribuído para a construção dos alicerces necessários para a divulgação e democratização do conhecimento em Neurociências de forma acessível e simples e para a aproximação da comunidade estudantil a este meio científico.
A nossa equipa é interdisciplinar, juntando cientistas, comunicadores de ciência, ilustradores e muito mais!

Encontram mais sobre o Brain Gain e as nossas iniciativas aqui:
https://www.braingain.pt
Analysis of stochastic SEIR(S) models with random total populations and variable diffusion rates
Authors: Schurz Henri , Chandrasena Taniya , Chandrasena Shanika
Published: November 2024

A stochastic SEIR(S) model with random total population, overall saturation constant
K
>
0
and general, local Lipschitz-continuous diffusion rates is presented. We prove the existence of unique, Markovian, continuous time solutions w.r.t. filtered, complete probability spaces on certain, bounded 4D prisms. The total population
N
(
t
)
is governed by kind of stochastic logistic equations, which allows to have an asymptotically stable maximum population constant
K
>
0
. Under natural conditions on our SEIR(S) model, we establish asymptotic stochastic and moment stability of the disease-free and endemic equilibria. Those conditions naturally depend on the basic reproduction number

R

0

, the growth parameter
μ
>
0
and environmental noise intensity

σ
5
2

coupled with the maximum threshold

K
2

of total population
N
(
t
)
. For the mathematical proofs, the technique of appropriate Lyapunov functionals

V

(

S

(

t

)

,

E

(

t

)

,

I

(

t

)

,

R

(

t

)

)

is exploited. Some numerical simulations of the expected Lyapunov functionals

E

[
V
(
S
,
E
,
I
,
R
)
]
depending on several parameters and time $t$ support our findings.
Análise comparativa do balanço hídrico nos munícipios de Porto Seguro (Bahia) e Viçosa (Minas Gerais)
Authors: Oliveira Milene Souza , Grigório Anne Caroline de Souza , Fernandes Bruno Ramos
Published: November 2024

O balanço hídrico é uma forma de monitoração do armazenamento de água no solo, computando o que entra e sai e auxiliando no entendimento dos processos que envolvem o ciclo hidrológico. Esse procedimento utiliza o método proposto por Thornthwaite & Mather (1955). Onde a capacidade máxima de água disponível no solo foi fixada em 100 mm. Os valores de temperatura e precipitação correspondem às médias históricas para o período de 2018 nos municípios de Porto Seguro (BA) e Viçosa (MG), obtidos pelas estações meteorológicas convencionais (EMC’s), da rede de estações do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET). O trabalho propõe relacionar o balanço hídrico com as características regionais das cidades citadas, e seus valores médios de temperatura e precipitação. As temperaturas médias anuais variam de 23.5 °C e 20.2 °C para Porto Seguro e Viçosa, respectivamente. As precipitações totais anuais variam aproximadamente de 1364 mm a 1638 mm para as estações avaliadas. Ambas as localidades apresentaram maior deficiência do balanço hídrico mensal entre os meses de agosto a outubro, obtendo essa relação com as baixas temperaturas que esse período obteve. Observa-se também a influência das características locais de altitude, latitude e longitude nos padrões climáticos.
Improving how science informs policy within the Ecosystem Approach
Authors: Williams Kathleen C. , Sowa Scott P. , Child Matthew , Gaden Marc , Anderson Janette , Bunnell David B. , Drca Paul , Knight Roger L. , Norton Richard K. , Taylor Rachael F.
Published: November 2024

Science is fundamental to sound policies, particularly when it comes to implementing an Ecosystem Approach. Science can and should inform nearly all facets of an Ecosystem Approach, yet challenges remain to realizing this goal. To help identify and better understand these challenges we used a qualitative comparative case study approach to identify and characterize the challenges and successes of implementing a science-driven Ecosystem Approach in the Laurentian Great Lakes. These case studies include delisting of Areas of Concern, improving coastal resilience, and addressing declining offshore lake productivity. These case studies were selected because they provide a set of very different, yet complementary, cases for assessing implementation, as well as the factors influencing the science-policy exchange. Through this comparative study, we identified a diverse set of challenges and successes, that were both systemic and case specific. Emerging from this comparative assessment were principles and enabling conditions (e.g. scale, governance, shared goals) we believe are critical to consider when establishing or improving a science-driven Ecosystem Approach.
Resisting Alternative Images: An Ethnography of Visual Disinformation in Brazil
Authors: Leaha Mihai Andrei , Canals Roger
Published: November 2024

The battle against disinformation played a key role during the Brazilian presidential elections of 2022. Supporters of Jair Bolsonaro—and, to a much lesser extent, of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva—generated and disseminated deceptive and false “informative content” to influence public opinion. To counter the spread of fake news, different initiatives emerged. Based on a multimodal and hybrid ethnography, this essay discusses different modes of resistance to what we call “alternative images.” This term refers to intentionally misleading images with a deceptive referential value that are presented as accounts or reliable metaphors of reality. We describe three modes of countering these misleading images visually: public demonstrations, artistic interventions, and fact-checking agencies. Each one has its own modes of visual assessment and political intervention. The article argues for the importance of carrying out ethnographies of disinformation, capable of contributing to actual efforts against disinformation and alternative facts, along the lines of public and engaged critical anthropology.
“Too Much” Sand, Not Water: A Geostory of Himalayan Riverine Sediments as “Problem”
Authors: Pandey Saumya
Published: November 2024

This article examines how a future about surplus sand entered river-engineering vocabulary as an obstruction to the free flow of Himalayan river systems. It is a historical and ethnographic analysis of sand’s conceptualization as a catastrophic material that caused rivers to spill over, which became conducive to its removal from rivers for economic endeavors. Sand holds a unique place in society, it’s the foundation on which roads, bridges, and buildings are built. Today, a shortage of these sediment particles has been described as a moment of economic and environmental crisis. Against the grain of sand’s desirability and shortage as a resource material, I pay close attention to the destructive articulations of the Himalayan earthly forces that made the political economy of extracting excess sand possible.

सार

यह लेख इस बात की जाँच करता है कि कैसे इंजीनियरिंग शब्दावली में अधिक रेत का भविष्य हिमालय नदी में बाधा के रूप में बताया गया । यह एक ऐतिहासिक और नृवंशविज्ञान विश्लेषण है जो दिखाता है की रेत को कैसे विनाशकारी सामग्री बताया गया । यहाँ हम बताते हैं की बाढ़ के कारन नदियों से रेत को हटाने के लिए क्यों अनुकूल समझा गया । रेत समाज में एक अद्वितीय स्थान रखती है । यह वह सामग्री है जिस पर सड़कें, पुल और इमारतें बनाई जाती हैं। आज रेत की कमी को आर्थिक और पर्यावरणीय संकट का श्रोत बताया गया है। किन्तु हम यहाँ रेत के अधिकता और कमी पर तर्क नहीं करेंगे। बजााय हम इंजीनियरिंग में हिमालय की ताकतों की विनाशकारी अभिव्यक्ति पर बारीकी से ध्यान देंगे जिसने अधिक रेत निकालने की राजनीतिक अर्थव्यवस्था को संभव बनाया है।
Remembering Place: The Temporality of Trauma in Rudraprayag After the 2013 Flash Floods
Authors: Mathson Gideon
Published: November 2024

The 2013 flash floods reproduced an everyday that was textural, the returning past of the event combined with gestures from within the everyday, to disorient survivors of the event. I attempt in this essay to analyze the return of the event as producing psycho-spatial affects, drawn from the psyche’s own propensity to return while repressing the event that causes the return, described within psycho-analytic literature as “afterwardsness.” Such afterwardsness is conditioned by the sheer incomprehensibility of environmental change that took place in just three days in the Mandakini Valley between June 15 and June 17, 2013. Following the flood, delays with the recovery process, and particularly with the process of compensation, exacerbate this trauma, leading to an extension of the temporality of trauma infinitely forward.
Educación ética y filosófica para el desarrollo de hábitos sostenibles
Authors: Fernández Manu
Published: November 2024

¿Podemos habituarnos a un mundo más sostenible? Más vale que digamos que sí. En septiembre de 2015, Naciones Unidas adoptó los 17 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). Esta Agenda 2030 es la respuesta del concierto mundial frente a desafíos como la pobreza, la desigualdad social, el hambre, la corrupción y el cambio climático. Los gobiernos de los 193 miembros de la ONU se comprometieron con esta hoja de ruta por un mundo más vivible. Pero ¿cuál es el papel de las personas corrientes y molientes? Esta obra apunta a integrar los ODS en el ejercicio cotidiano de la ciudadanía. El futuro es sostenible no solo por el compromiso gubernamental, sino también sino también ciudadano, organizacional y empresarial. En estos 15 capítulos, profesores e investigadores de universidades de España, de México, de Colombia y de Venezuela exploran la tríada ambiental, social y económica que define el desarrollo sostenible. De allí que la educación ética y filosófica ha de transitar, a nuestro juicio, por el diálogo, la ecoética, la ecosofía indígena, la igualdad de género, el pensamiento crítico, la educación en y para la paz, la educación emocional, la compasión, la agencia epistémica, la inclusión, el cuidado de la salud mental, la fraternidad en las redes sociales, la moda sostenible, el consumo sostenible en consonancia con la educación ambiental y la verdad frente a la desinformación. La sostenibilidad no es un logro instantáneo, sino un proceso continuo que se entrelaza con hábitos y prácticas sostenibles. El êthos, o hábito (héxis) sostenido que se convierte en praxis, es el hilo conductor de estas reflexiones éticas y filosóficas sobre 15 hábitos, vinculados directa o transversalmente con los 17 ODS, que se han identificado como un nuevo mapa -este más ciudadano- para conseguir no un futuro, sino un presente más sostenible.
Erich Mühsams Tanthologie – Ein literarisches Plädoyer gegen die Erbschaftspraxis im deutschen Kaiserreich
Authors: Junginger Carl
Published: November 2024

At first glance, Erich Mühsam’s Psychologie der Erbtante. Eine Tanthologie aus 25 Einzeldarstellungen als Beitrag zur Lösung der Unsterblichkeits-Frage (1905) seems to be apolitical and entertaining literature, ridiculing childless and husbandless Rich Aunts (Erbtanten). But as I show in a close-reading analysis, Mühsams uses this wildly known stereotype to target the bourgeois kinship and inheritance continuities of his time. The ongoing inheritance tax debates at the turn of the century provide the necessary socio-historical context to understand the satirical implications on which – so my overall hypothesis runs – both the comedy of the text and its socio-political explosiveness are based.