bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring hybrid models for identifying locations for active mobility pathways using Real-Time Spatial Delphi and GANs
Authors: Calleo Yuri , Giuffrida Nadia , Pilla Francesco
Published: November 2023

The spatial planning process is considered an extremely complex system, as it is made up of different variables that interrelate and interact with each other. Effectively addressing this spatial complexity necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, as unified methodologies may prove insufficient. Specifically, in urban planning, it is increasingly crucial to prioritize bike lanes, bike stations, and pedestrian zones, for functional transportation infrastructures. This approach can enhance cities by improving air quality, reducing emissions, and boosting public health and safety through physical activity and accident prevention. However, implementing these changes requires careful planning, community engagement, and collaboration with stakeholders. This paper proposes a hybrid model for identifying optimal locations for bike lanes, bike stations, and pedestrian zones adopting Real-Time Spatial Delphi and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). The Real-Time Spatial Delphi is a modified version of the traditional Delphi method that incorporates real-time feedback and visualization of group response in real-time, aiming to achieve a convergence of opinions among experts on the territory. Nevertheless, these judgments are a spatial representation not visible in reality, and with the spread of AI models, different implementations can support the planning process, such as the use of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). In this case, the GANs models can be exploited by adopting pre-existing location images resulting from experts’ judgments to illustrate the proposed intervention’s visual impact. This approach can help stakeholders, policymakers and citizens visualize the proposed changes and assess their potential impact more accurately. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our hybrid model, we apply it to the city of Dublin.
An immune-related prognostic risk model for colorectal cancer was constructed based on next-generation sequencing
Authors: Zhang Zhengxin , Chen Yan , Chen Qianhui , Li Yuhong , Yang Hongbin , Zhang Li , Liu Chengyi , Xu Qian , Liu Lei
Published: November 2023

Objective
Screening the immune-related genes of colorectal cancer based on clinical next generation sequencing and construction of an immune-related prognostic risk model, so as to provide an immediate indicator for evaluating the prognosis and efficacy of immunotherapy of CRC patients.
Methodology:
Univariate and multivariate Cox risk regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between immune-related genes, clinicopathological features, and prognosis of CRC patients, and a prognostic risk model was established.
Results
A total of 57 mutant genes were detected in 150 CRC patients, of which SNV and Indel had the highest mutation frequency, (92.67% and 47.33%, respectively). The genes with the highest number of mutations were TP53 and APC. In all 150 CRC patients, 12 mutation genes were detected, including 6 drug-treatable genes: KRAS, PIK3CA, PTEN, BRAF, NRAS, and TP53.TP53 and PIK3CA were the genes with the most drug-treatable mutation sites, and KRAS, NRAS, and BRAS had the highest medication grade. The mutation rates of 36 CRC common detection genes in the NGS and TCGA clinical databases were very consistent, and they were enriched in negative regulation of cell proliferation, negative regulation of apoptosis, and kinase pathways such as PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Through the correlation analysis of immune infiltration, 14 immune-related genes TP53, JAK1, MTHFR, EGFR, KDR, APC, KRAS, TSC2, PMS2, KIT, ALK, BRAF, CTNNB1, and FBXW7 were obtained. The Cox univariate analysis and Cox multivariate analysis showed that late clinical stage (stage), late T stage and ALK gene mutation increased the risk of death and were independent prognostic factors affecting the risk of death. A Cox proportional-hazards model was constructed : h(t,x)/h0(t) = EXP(0.835 clinical stage + 0.878T + 1.094ALK). Among the 112 clinical follow-up patients, the survival time of CRC patients with high-risk scores was significantly shorter than that of CRC patients with low-risk scores. In addition, the risk score of the MSI-L group was significantly higher than that of the MSS group in the 92 CRC patients data sets of the TCGA database.
Conclusion
ALK gene mutation may be related to immune and prognostic survival in CRC patients; the constructed prognostic risk model can be used to evaluate the prognosis and efficacy of immunotherapy in CRC patients.
Multidimensional 3T structural magnetic resonance imaging study of individuals with methamphetamine use disorder: extensive structural abnormalities in frontal cortex and their relationship to cognitive function
Authors: Zhou Yanan , Yang Winson Fu Zun , Wu Qiuxia , Ma Yuejiao , Ren Honghong , Hao Yuzhu , Li Manyun , Wang Yunfei , Peng Pu , Yuan Ning , Xiong Yifan , Wang Yizhuo , Wang Qianjin , Liu Tieqiao
Published: November 2023

Background
Methamphetamine (MA) is widely abused worldwide, but the brain imaging mechanisms underlying its cognitive function are unclear. This study aimed to explore the cognitive function characteristics of individuals with MA use disorders (MUDs) and their relationship with structural brain images from a multidimensional perspective.
Methods
45 MUDs and 43 health control (HCs) were included in this study. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery was performed to assess the cognitive function among the subjects, and a 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging scanner was utilized for structural data acquisition.
Results
Compared with the HC group, the MUD group had small gray matter volume in the left middle frontal, right insula, left postcentral, and bilateral angular gyrus, while the left superior frontal, left precentral, left postcentral, left supramarginal, left parstriangularis, and left parsopercularis had thin cortical thickness (PFDR-corr < 0.05, cluster > 100). The digit-symbol coding test (DSCT) regression model demonstrated a significant interaction of the group with the cortical thickness of the left parsopercularis (p = 0.04) and left precentral (p = 0.01). For neuropsychology assessment battery-mazes (NAB-Mazes), cortical thickness of the left parsopercularis was positively correlated with NAB-Mazes scores (p = 0.02), and the group interaction was significant (p = 0.001). For the continuous performance test (CPT), cortical thickness of the left superior frontal was negatively correlated with CPT scores (p = 0.03).
Conclusion
MUDs exhibit altered gray matter morphology in several brain regions, where alterations in frontal cortex thickness may underlie the neuroanatomy of cognitive deficits common to MUDs.
Coordinated medical care program for neurofibromatosis type 1 children and adolescents in Poland influences the future of their affected parents: a single academic reference center experience and national program description.
Authors: Karwacki Marek W.
Published: November 2023

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is an inherited neoplastic syndrome. Adults affected by NF-1 in Poland are mostly unaware of the disease-related risk of cancer. During a year since the Ministry of Health settled a national coordinated medical care program for NF-1 children, 388 NF-1 patients up to 30 years of age were admitted to our Center and 187 had an affected parent (48.1% of familial cases). Only 18 NF-1 parents (9.6%) had any knowledge concerning the risk of malignancy, yet 22 (11.7%) were informed about their primary diagnosis for the first time simultaneously with their child. Asymptomatic tumors were revealed in 3 (1.6%) individuals who underwent preventive ultrasonography recommended during the first visit in the Center: abdominal pheochromocytoma in 2 (a 36-year-old man and a 33-year-old woman) and 1b breast cancer in 1 (a 32-year-old woman) case. Concluding, the early successful prevention of malignancy in professionally counselled NF-1 patients, proven currently, necessitates the urgent extension of prophylaxis and coordinated medical care program to the whole NF-1 population, not only in Poland, but worldwide. Precise knowledge concerning the disease-related medical risks should become a subject of the training of medical professionals regardless of their specialty.
Association between the atherogenic index of plasma and coronary collateral circulation in patients with chronic total occlusion
Authors: Dong Shutong , Qiao Jiaming , Gao Ang , Zhao Zehao , Huang Xin , Kan Yi , Yang Zhiqiang , Ma Meishi , Fan Chu , Han Hongya , Zhou Yujie
Published: November 2023

Background: The atherogenicindex of plasma (AIP) isconsidered an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). The present study investigated whether AIP correlates with the establishment of coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in CAD patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO).
Methods: This retrospective study included 1093 CAD patients with CTO confirmed by coronary angiography from January 2020 to December 2020 at Beijing Anzhen Hospital. Based on the Rentrop scoring system, the patients were divided into the good CCC group and the poor CCC group. AIP was calculated by log (triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Meanwhile, the study population was further divided into four groups according to the quartiles of AIP.
Results: Patients in the poor CCC group had significantly higher AIP than those in the good CCC group (0.31 ± 0.27 vs. 0.14 ± 0.24, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there was an independent association between AIP and poor CCC, regardless of whether AIP was a continuous variable or a categorical variable(p < 0.001), after adjusting for confounding factors. Besides, this association remained stable in most subgroups. By incorporating AIP into the baseline model, the accuracy of identifying poor CCC was improved [AUC: baseline model, 0.661 vs. baseline model + AIP, 0.721, p for comparison < 0.001].
Conclusions: Elevated AIP is independently associated with an increased risk of poor CCC in CAD patients with CTO, and AIP may improve the ability to identify poor CCC in clinical practice.
Allogeneic HSCT for classical BCR::ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms in children: the retrospective study of the EBMT Pediatric Diseases WP
Authors: Wachowiak Jacek , Galimard Jacques-Emmanuel , Dalissier Arnaud , Rihani Rawad , ALSAEDI HAWAZEN , Wynn Robert , Dalle Jean-Hugues , de Latour Regis Peffault , Sedlacek Petr , Balduzzi Adriana , Schroeder Thomas , Bodova Ivana , Vicent Marta Gonzalez , Gruhn Bernd , Hamladji Rose-Marie , Kriván Gergely , Patrick Katharine , Sobkowiak-Sobierajska Agnieszka , Stepensky Polina , Unal Ali , Amrolia Persis , Perez-Martinez Antonio , Rialland Fanny , Aljurf Mahmoud D , Isgro' Antonella , Toren Amos , Bierings Marc , Corbacioglu Selim , Kalwak Krzysztof
Published: November 2023

This retrospective EBMT registry-based study evaluated 42 children (0.4–18 years, median 6.1) with BCR::ABL1-neg MPN (PMF, n = 33; ET, n = 3; PV, n = 1, sAML, 3; post-ET/PV-MF, n = 2) transplanted from MSD (n = 21) or non-MSD (n = 21) between 2000–2022. Conditioning was usually chemotherapy-based (n = 40; 95.2%) and myeloablative (n = 38; 92.7%). Twenty one patients received HSC from BM, 15 (36%) from PB, and 6 (14%) from CB. Day + 60 CI of neutrophil and platelet recovery was 85.7% and 78.4%. Day + 100 CI of aGvHD II-IV was 35.9% and was lower in transplanted from MSD (20% vs 52.6%, p = 0.03). Six-year CI of cGvHD was 16.6%. Six-year RI was 17.8%, PFS 64.9%, GRFS 49.1%, and OS 68.6%. Six-year RI between 2008–2022 was lower than between 2000–2007 (4.5% vs 30%, p = 0.046). In obtaining BM compared with those transplanted with HSC from BM or CB the 6-year PFS and OS was significantly higher (83.5% vs 51.4%, p = 0.04 and 80.1% vs 48.4%, p = 0.02, respectively), whereas NRM was lower (0% vs 35.3%, p = 0.004). So far, this is the largest and first one multicenter study on transplant-specific characteristics and outcomes of allo-HSCT in children with BCR::ABL1-neg MPN, which indicates need of prospective studies to establish indications for allo-HSCT and optimal transplant procedure in them.
RETRACTED: Academic Motivation in Undergraduate Nursing Students: An Analytical Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Aslam Muhammad Zeeshan , Ajani Khairulnissa , Zahid Wajeeha , Salim Zeenar , Soomar Salman Muhammad
Published: November 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
IQGAP1 enhances EGFR signaling by Promoting Oligomerization and Preventing Degradation
Authors: Yerramilli V. Siddartha , Reisinger Jessica L. , Hemmerlin Rachel M. , Lindberg Samantha K. , Plante Karin , Ross Alonzo H. , Scarlata Suzanne , Gericke Arne
Published: November 2023

IQGAP1 is a large, multi-domain scaffold that connects and modulates different signaling networks including the one initiated by epidermal growth factor (EGF)by localizing and concentrating pathway components to promote activation. In this study, we have used live cell fluorescence imaging methods along with other biochemical techniques to follow the mechanisms used by IQGAP1 to enhance EGF signaling. We show that IQGAP1 enhances EGF signaling by promoting the oligomerization of its receptor, EGFR upon EGF addition along with concurrent IQGAP oligomerization. Using cellular markers, we find that IQGAP1 promotes the plasma membrane localization of EGFR and promotes association to one of its phosphoinositide lipid pathway ligands, PI(3, 4, 5)P3. Additionally, we find that binding of EGFR to IQGAP1 protects EGFR from lysosomal degradation. Taken together, our results show that IQGAP1 enhances and prolongs EGF-mediated pathway progression.
How to diagnose an overcrowded emergency department from its EHRs? Enhancing opportunities and challenges of real-world data from a whole-system perspective
Authors: Marzano Luca , Darwich Adam S. , Jayanth Raghothama , Sven Lethvall , Falk Nina , Bodeby Patrik , Meijer Sebastiaan
Published: November 2023

Emergency department overcrowding is a complex problem that persists globally. Data of visits constitute an opportunity to understand it. However, the gap between the collected information and the real-life clinical processes, and the lack of a whole-system perspective, still constitutes a relevant limitation. An analytical pipeline was developed to analyse one-year of production data following the patients that came from the ED (n = 49,938) at Uppsala University Hospital (Uppsala, Sweden) by involving clinical experts in all the steps of the analysis. The key internal issues to the ED were the high volume of generic or non-specific diagnoses from non-urgent visits, and the delayed decision regarding hospital admission caused by several imaging assessments and lack of hospital beds. Furthermore, the external pressure of high frequent re-visits of geriatric, psychiatric, and patients with unspecified diagnoses dramatically contributed to the overcrowding. Our work demonstrates that through analysis of production data of the ED patient flow and participation of clinical experts in the pipeline, it was possible to identify systemic issues and directions for solutions. A critical factor was to take a whole systems perspective, as it opened the scope to the boundary effects of inflow and outflow in the whole healthcare system.
Assessing and optimizing large language models on spondyloarthritis multi-choice question answering (SpAMCQA): study protocol for a bilingual evaluation benchmark
Authors: Wang Anan , Wang Xiangyang , Ji Xiaojian , Wu Yunong , Hu Jiawen , Zhang Fazhan , Zhang Zhanchao , Pu Dong , Ma Shikui , Dong Jing , Liu Qiang , Li Kunpeng , Teng Da , Li Tao
Published: November 2023

Background
In recent years, the deployment of sophisticated technological solutions in the medical domain has garnered increasing interest. Through the lens of Artificial Intelligence (AI), the medical field stands on the cusp of a significant paradigm shift, one that holds the promise of elevating healthcare delivery to a pinnacle of excellence, driven by the synergy between human expertise and machine intelligence. This research aims to develop a stringent evaluation criterion for assessing large language models’ accuracy in addressing queries related to spondyloarthritis. It involves creating a dataset of disease-relevant multiple-choice questions for large language models (LLMs), ensuring they understand, recall, and interpret the necessary medical knowledge accurately. Additionally, this study seeks to refine and optimize large language models to deliver state-of-the-art performance on this dataset and provide exemplary technical services for AI-assisted diagnosis and treatment of spondyloarthritis.
Methods
We have established a rigorous benchmark consisting of 122 meticulously crafted multiple-choice questions on spondyloarthritis, developed with the collaboration of clinical experts. These questions have undergone thorough revision to ensure their applicability in the accurate evaluation of large language models' performance within real-world diagnostic and therapeutic settings. Our approach includes the selection and fine-tuning of the most promising publicly available foundational models against a comprehensive dataset. The model that demonstrates superior performance on this benchmark will undergo additional training. In a subsequent phase, records from over 80,000 real-world inpatient and outpatient cases at Chinese PLA General Hospital will serve to further train the LLMs, employing techniques such as Supervised Fine-Tuning and Low-Rank Adaptation. We will assess the models' generated responses for their precision and evaluate their reasoning processes using the Safety, Usability, and Smoothness metric.
Discussion
The SpAMCQA benchmark has been meticulously crafted to assess the effectiveness of large language models in managing clinical issues relating to spondyloarthritis. It serves as a tool to gauge the performance capabilities of our self-developed model, SpARobotGPT, within this medical specialty. Demonstrating potential, LLMs are poised to augment clinical decision-making, enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of spondyloarthritis. The benchmark dataset and experimental results are slated to be announced in the near future.
Meta Learning for Enhanced Web Security Against Malicious URLs
Authors: Singh Sanskriti Sanjay Kumar , Menon Vishnu , A Sajidha S , M Nisha V , A Sheik Abdullah , M Nivedita , Mairaj Aakif
Published: November 2023

The identification of malicious Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) plays a pivotal role in strengthening network and cyber security. Over the years, the Internet has increasingly become a breeding ground for a multitude of cybercrimes. Malicious URLs can disrupt network performance, compromise data integrity, and introduce vulnerabilities into the system, impacting the network’s overall security and reliability. Taking precautions and implementing preventative techniques is crucial for shielding users from cyberattacks. This study utilizes meta-learning, which is a machine learning technique that learns from the predictions of other machine learning algorithms to make better decisions. For a comprehensive evaluation, the ISCX-URL-2016 dataset was utilized, a resource curated by the Canadian Institute for Cyber Security. The proposed approach focuses on utilizing URL strings as the primary source of information for detecting malicious content.The performance of different machine learning algorithms, including Histogram-based Gradient Boosting Classification Tree, XGBoost Classifier, CatBoost Classifier, Random Forest Classifier and more, were compared for the detection of malicious URLs. The two best performing base classifiers were identified and evaluated as potential meta-classifiers. Various combinations of base classifiers were then tested in conjunction with these two selected meta-classifiers. A significant improvement in the accuracy was observed and the best accuracy of 98.25% was achieved using All Base Classifiers + Meta Classifier XGBoost. Closely followed by the Three Best Base Classifiers + Meta Classifier XGBoost, which achieved an accuracy of 98.2%.
Spatio-temporal Patterns of Recreational Boating Use in a Caribbean Marine Protected Area
Authors: Fernández-Vázquez Iremar , Padilla-Montalvo James A. , Hernández-López William J. , López-Ocasio Darien , López-Marrero Tania del Mar , Cruz-Motta Juan J.
Published: November 2023

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) defined by The International Union for Conservation of Nature as areas of Ocean set aside for long-term conservation aims are a growing management resource in the world. But their expansion along with the rising population and growing access to goods and services means the number of users within MPAs is increasing. With more people using MPAs, new impacts and pressures are being introduced to marine ecosystems. An important pressure is that of recreational boating which can incur chemical and mechanical impacts to the marine environment. In this study, we focused on describing the spatial and temporal patterns of recreational boating within La Parguera Natural Reserve, an MPA in the Caribbean Island of Puerto Rico. In addition, we calculated the optimal boating use and calculated percentage of use at peak usage. We determined the optimal number of boats for 6 cays in the reserve and found most of the cays (Caracoles, Mata la Gata, Enrique and Collado) are being subjected to a high intensity of use, experiencing up to 857% of their optimal capacity during peak usage. These findings underscore the urgency of implementing management measures to minimize the environmental impacts of recreational boating while still allowing for sustainable social use within the system.
Carbon Sink potentiality of Avicennia marina along the Egyptian Red Sea Coast
Authors: Shawky Ramadan
Published: November 2023

Background Climate change is a global concern caused by increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, with many detrimental consequences. A potential approach to counter acting the effects of climate change is to actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. the biomass without damaging the vegetation.
Results Based on the allometric equation, the biomass has the highest value in wadi El-Gimal for the growth stages sapling, there for the largest number of sapling found in this area. Carbon sequestration in four different locations of Avicennia marina was estimated. The highest carbon storage in stands of Abu Ghuson was 30 kg/hectare than in these in other sites. the carbon dioxide absorption of trees in Sharm El-Bahary was higher than in the other studied sites is 24.8kg/hectare.
Conclusion These estimates suggest high Biomass and carbon sequestration potential despite the relatively small area of the Avicennia marina along the Red Sea Coast.
Risk factors for meningitis after craniotomy for gliomas: A 8-year experience from a tertiary medical center
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zheng Zhiyao , Guo Xiaopeng , Wang Hai , Gong Le , Liu Delin , Yang Tianrui , Song Yixuan , Huang Hongmin , Cao Yaning , Wang Yu , Guo Fuping , Ma Wenbin
Published: November 2023

Object: Meningitis is a diffuse inflammation that occurs on the meninges. Due to the fact that glioma surgery requires manipulation of the brain parenchyma and the expression of inflammatory mediators, there is often a possibility of meningitis occurring after surgery. Previous studies on meningitis related to neurosurgery have uniformly explored the risk factors for postoperative meningitis in all neurosurgery surgeries that require craniotomy, but have not explored the risk factors and clinical characteristics of postoperative meningitis in a single disease.
Methods: We included patients who underwent glioma resection from January 2015 to March 2023, systematically recorded population characteristics, clinical, surgical, laboratory, microbiological, and survival data, analyzed high-risk factors for postoperative meningitis, summarized cerebrospinal fluid characteristics, antibiotic use, and explored whether meningitis affects the long-term prognosis of glioma patients after surgery.
Results:All 337 patients underwent glioma resection, and 61 patients (18.1%) developed meningitis after surgery. Among them, 3 patients (0.9%) had positive cerebrospinal fluid pathogen culture, including Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Acinetobacter baumanii. Ventricle Opening, post-op other systemic infections, post-op maximum cavity diameter, and peripheral blood Monocyte% are independent risk factors for postoperative meningitis. The median protein content in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with meningitis is 1.73g/L ([IQR] 1.03-3.06), the median glucose content is 2.7mmol/L ([IQR] 1.90-3.70), and the median WBC is 1478×106cells/L ([IQR] 455-4198×106), with a median percentage of multinucleated cells of 83.7% ([IQR] 69.30% -90.80%). Meropenem and Vancomycin are the most commonly used antibiotics, with an average usage time of 7.79 days and 8.41 days, respectively. Survival analysis suggests that the occurrence of meningitis does not affect the long-term prognosis of glioma patients after surgery.
Conclusions: This study separately explored the risk factors for meningitis in patients with glioma after surgery, instead of all diseases which need craniotomy，and summarized their cerebrospinal fluid characteristics and antibiotic use. Although meningitis is only one of the possible complications during the treatment of gliomas, we believe that this will make a certain contribution to neurosurgeons' individualized prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of patients in the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.
A Comprehensive Study of Spontaneous Flow Dynamics Triggered by Oil in Aqueous bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT)
Authors: Kalakonda Parvathalu , Chaieb Sahraoui
Published: November 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Mendelian Randomization Reveals the Dietary Fat-Lung Adenocarcinoma Connection: Insights from GWAS Data
Authors: Xu Zhanyu , Zheng Tiaozhan , Lu Hongting , He Dongming , Zheng Zhiwen , Li Shikang
Published: November 2023

Background: Lung cancer has a high mortality rate and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most common types of lung cancer. A high-fat diet had been reported to be connected with the development of the LUAD. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between a high-fat diet and LUAD using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Methods: The study conducted MR analysis by using critically ill patients with the LUAD (n=18336, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)=8,881,354). Ratio of linoleic acid (LA) to total fatty acids (n=114,999, SNP=12,321,875), total cholesterol (n=115,078, SNP=12,321,875), and ratio of saturated fatty acids (SFA) to total fatty acids (n=114,999, SNP=12,321,875) summary statistics were obtained from the Open Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) database. Exposure factor reading and instrumental variable (IVs) screening were performed by the TwoSampleMR function extract_instruments, and independent SNPs with p < 5×10-8 were selected as IVs. Notably, SNPs with linkage disequilibrium (LDA) were excluded by performing an aggregation procedure with r2=0.001 and kb=10,000 kb. The study combined different algorithms (Weighted median, Simple mode, Inverse variance weighted, MR Egger, Weighted mod) to perform MR analysis, and the results were mainly referred to Inverse variance weighted (IVW).
Results: Univariate MR analysis showed that both ratio of SFA to total fatty acids as well as total cholesterol were consequently connected with the development of LUAD and were risk factors (p<0.05, odd ratio (OR)>1). Ratio of LA to total fatty acids was consequently connected with the occurrence of LUAD and was a protection factor (p<0.05, OR<1). Moreover, multivariate MR analysis showed that total cholesterol was a significant risk factor (p<0.05). The ratio of SFA to total fatty acids was a risk factor and ratio of LA to total fatty acids was a safety factor.
Conclusion: Total cholesterol, ratio of saturated fatty acids to total fatty acids, and ratio of linoleic acid to total fatty acids were causally connected to the LUAD.
Evaluation of the Effect of Process Parameters on Mass Efficiency in Direct Metal Deposition of Inconel 718 with Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Afshari Mahmoud , Khandaei Mehrdad , Razavi Reza Shoja , Barekat Seyed Masoud
Published: November 2023

In this article, the parameters affecting the net mass of material deposited on the surface per unit of time (real mass flow rate) and the ratio of the mass of powder added to the surface to the mass of powder exiting the nozzle (mass efficiency) are discussed. These parameters include laser power, laser scanning speed, and powder injection rate. The results show that the laser power has the greatest effect on mass efficiency, so the scanning speed and the powder injection rate from the nozzle are in the next importance respectively. Finally, statistical optimization was done to achieve the highest mass efficiency and the fastest part manufacturing speed. The predictions of the statistical model were in good agreement with the experimental results.
Transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular mechanism of differences in growth between photoautotrophy and heterotrophy in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Chen Jing , Chen Yuanhao , He Weiling , Liang Honghao , Hong Ting , Li Tangcheng , Du Hong
Published: November 2023

Background
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii can grow photoautotrophically and heterotrophically, and is the typical model species for heterotrophy increasingly cultured in commercial cultivation. By observing their growth changes, transcriptomic analysis and molecular regulation, we investigated the molecular mechanism of differences in growth from photoautotrophy 12h (P12h) to heterotrophy 12h (H12h).
Results
We observed changes in the cell numbers, OD750, Fv/Fm, and total chlorophyll content of photoautotrophy and heterotrophy during 10 days and they were significantly different. These indicators were further analyzed between photoautotrophy 12h (P12h) and heterotrophy 12h (H12h), and the P12h group was significantly higher than the H12h group. The transcriptome data demonstrated that a total of 2,970 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the P12h and H12h groups. There were 10 DEGs involved in the photosynthesis and carbon fixation metabolic pathway, 18 DEGs involved in the glycolysis and the TCA cycle metabolic pathway, 8 DEGs related to the pyruvate metabolic pathway, and 17 DEGs related to the oxidative phosphorylation. To explore the relationship between DEGs and the major metabolic pathways, the relative expression levels of marker genes and key enzyme activities were examined. The relative expression levels of MDH, SDH, ATPase and SSS were increased significantly from P12h and H12h. NAD-MDH and SDH activity of the H12h group was significantly higher than the P12h group.
Conclusions
Our study exhibited characteristics of early fermentation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Based on analysis of transcriptome and biochemical, we speculated the nutrient and energy metabolism models and partly elucidated the molecular mechanism of both the heterotrophic and autotrophic Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Our study provides preliminary evidence for the differences in the growth of photoautotrophy and heterotrophy in algae.
Integrated bioinformatics analysis screened the key genes and pathways of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Wu Juan , Wei Yangyang , Kang Hong , Yu Xiao , Wei Shuting , Xue Ting , Kong Xiaomei
Published: November 2023

To perform bioinformatics analysis on the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) dataset to explore the important core genes and pathways related to IPF. The GSE173355 and GSE173356 dataset were downloaded from the NCBI-GEO database. The limma package was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially methylated sites. Functional enrichment analysis was performed for DEGs and differentially methylated sites, respectively. The immune-related scores, proportion and GSVA enrichment score of immune cells in IPF and control were analyzed. The differentially expressed immune-related genes (IRGs) were obtained, their protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was analyzed by the STRING database, and the core genes and subnetworks were screened using Cytoscape software. Finally, we validated in the the bleomycin-induced IPF mouse model. A total of 4083 DEGs and 4933 differentially methylated sites were screened between IPF and control, and both DEGs and differentially methylated sites were similarly enriched in multiple pathways such as the Rap1 pathway. And a total of 8 genes whose expression levels were negatively regulated by methylation were screened by gene and methylation association analysis. In addition, the immune-related score of the IPF group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and there were significant differences in the proportion and GSVA enrichment score of immune cells between IPF and control. A total of 356 differentially expressed IRGs were screened out from DEGs, and 10 key genes and 3 core subnetworks were identified by PPI analysis. The verification results of RT-qPCR showed the reliability of most of the conclusions in BLM model. These results could provide new ideas for IPF pathogenesis and new treatment methods, but still need further functional verification.
Optimisation of Biobased Adhesives Synthesis From Gelatine and Euphorbia Abysinica Latex
Authors: Alemu Lioul Getachew , Tesfaye Tamrate
Published: November 2023

This investigation is an attempt of extracting bio based adhesives from gelatine and plant latex to overcome the negative effects of synthetic adhesive. The bio based adhesive was extracted with mixing plant resins from Euphorbia Abyssinica as additives with gelatine through optimisation. The factors in the synthesis of bio based adhesive were temperature, time, and concentration with level of 50-60oc, 30–60 Min, and 50–75% gelatine; and the optimum level was found 500C, 45min, and 75% respectively with optimum result of 282.12 gram gel strength. The characteristics of the resulted bio adhesive were 6.25cp, 6.85, and 11.53% of viscosity, pH, and moisture content values respectively. The performance of the bio adhesive was examined interms of peel and shear strength and it has an average value of 6.645N/mm and 198.1N respectively. This research is effective way of overcoming environmental burden from synthetic adhesives by the production of bio adhesives from gelatine and plant resin.
Selection of input variables for electricity price forecast
Authors: Wei Xingyuan
Published: November 2023

The selection of input variables is vital for performance of electricity price forecast model when artificial neural network (ANN) is used to forecast electricity price. However, the selection of input variables mainly is based on experience and heuristics in current studies. This paper aims to compare three categories methods, (1) the relevance between input variables and electricity price, (2) the relationship between different input variables and (3) the structure of ANN, on selecting input variables in terms of electricity price. In order to avoid influence of structure of ANN on performance of selecting input variables, the back-propagation (BP) network and Elman network that represent different structure of ANN respectively are used to forecast electricity price. The real electricity market data from Nordic and California electricity market is used to examine the performance of electricity price forecast model, the result shows that the electricity price forecast model formed using input variables selected by category, the relevance between input variables and electricity price, has the best performance of electricity price forecast.
Blowup of Regular Solutions and C 1 Solutions for Free Boundary Problem of Two-fluid Euler-Poisson Equations with a background constant in R n
Authors: Wang Jingjie
Published: November 2023

The compressible two-fluid isentropic Euler-Poisson equations are important models in semiconductor physics and plasmas. In this paper, we consider the characteristic curve to obtain the growth rate of the solutions with free boundary, and successfully give the new blowup results of regular solutions for 1 < γ < 2 or 1 < β < 2 or C 1 solutions for γ ≥ 2 and β ≥ 2 of the radially symmetrical two-fluid Euler-Poisson equations with a background constant Λ in R N (N ≥ 2). By using the integration method and assuming that the appropriate initial functional is sufficiently large, we show the singularity of the solutions to two-fluid Euler-Poisson equations in finite time.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 76T10, 35R35, 35B44, 74G40.
Integration of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) services for pregnant and breastfeeding women in eight primary care clinics: results of an implementation science study
Authors: Nelson Aurelie , Bheemraj Kalisha , Dean Sarah Schoetz , de Voux Alex , Hlatshwayo Lerato , Mvududu Rufaro , Berkowitz Natacha , Neumuller Caroline , Jacobs Shahida , Fourie Stephanie , Coates Thomas , Bekker Linda-Gail , Myer Landon , Davey Dvora Joseph
Published: November 2023

Background
Although HIV vertical transmission (VT) has declined significantly in sub-Saharan Africa, incident HIV infection in pregnant and postpartum women is estimated to account for roughly one-third of VT. Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for pregnant and breastfeeding women (PBFW) is part of the recommended guidelines in South Africa since 2021; however, integration of PrEP services within antenatal (ANC) and postnatal care (PNC) remains limited.
Methods
Between March 2022 and September 2023, we evaluated the acceptability, feasibility and sustainability of integrating PrEP for PBFW in high-HIV prevalence clinics after training and mentoring health care providers (HCP). We used the Reach Effectiveness-Adoption Implementation Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to evaluate the intervention. Acceptability and maintenance were defined as the proportion of PBFW without HIV who initiated PrEP and the proportion of women continuing PrEP at 3 months in ANC or PNC services. Feasibility was defined as the proportion of trained HCPs (HIV lay counsellors and nurses/ midwives) who provided PrEP according to national guidelines, measured through post-training surveys and in-service assessments. Sustainability was defined as number of facilities and providers that continued to provide PrEP for PBFW past the mentoring period.
Results
In 8 facilities providing ANC and PNC, we trained 224 HCP (127 nurses and 37 counsellors). Of those, we mentored 60 nurses, midwives and HIV counsellors working with PBFW, with 72% of nurse/midwives and 65% of counsellors scoring over 8/10 on the final mentoring assessment Overall, 12% (1493/12,614) of HIV-negative pregnant women started PrEP and 41% of those continued PrEP at 3-months. Among the HIV-negative breastfeeding women in postnatal care, 179/1315 (14%) initiated PrEP and 25% continued PrEP at 3-months. All 8 facilities continued providing PrEP 3-months after handover of the clinics.
Conclusion
Integration of PrEP services in ANC and services for breastfeeding women was feasible, acceptable and sustainable. Acceptability and PrEP continuation showed improvement over time. Barriers to the PrEP integration were observed including the lack of regular HIV testing of breastfeeding mothers and need for ART-trained nurses to prescribe PrEP. Enablers included motivated and dedicated staff.
The acceptance speech of the 2022 Weyl-Wigner award
Authors: Reshetikhin Nicolai
Published: November 2023

This is the acceptance speech for the 2022 Weyl-Wigner award.
A general approach to noncommutative spaces from Poisson homogeneous spaces: Applications to (A)dS and Poincaré
Authors: Ballesteros Angel , Guitérrez-Sagredo Iván , Herranz Francisco J.
Published: November 2023

In this contribution we present a general procedure that allows the construction of noncommutative spaces with quantum group invariance as the quantization of their associated coisotropic Poisson homogeneous spaces coming from a coboundary Lie bialgebra structure. The approach is illustrated by obtaining in an explicit form several noncommutative spaces from (3+1)D (A)dS and Poincaré coisotropic Lie bialgebras. In particular, we review the construction of the \kappaκ-Minkowski and \kappaκ-(A)dS spacetimes in terms of the cosmological constant L. Furthermore, we present all noncommutative Minkowski and (A)dS spacetimes that preserve a quantum Lorentz subgroup. Finally, it is also shown that the same setting can be used to construct the three possible 6D \kappaκ-Poincaré spaces of time-like worldlines. Some open problems are also addressed.
Research on lightweight pedestrian detection based on improved YOLOv5
Authors: Jin Yunfeng , Lu Zhizhan , Wang Ruili , Liang Chao
Published: November 2023

Aiming at the problems of low detection accuracy and the large size of the pedestrian detection algorithm, to improve the edge intelligent recognition capability of the terminal, this paper proposes a lightweight pedestrian detection scheme based on the improved YOLOv5. In this paper, the algorithm first takes the original YOLOv5 as the basic framework and uses the Ghost Bottleneck module to replace the C3 module in the original YOLOv5 network to reduce the number of parameters, eliminate redundant features, and obtain a more lightweight model. Then the attention mechanism CBAM module is added to improve the feature extraction capability and detection accuracy of the algorithm. After experimental verification, the improved lightweight YOLOv5 algorithm significantly reduces the model size and computational cost while guaranteeing accuracy, which is suitable for deployment in edge devices.
Magia, miłość, miasto. Prolegomena do źródeł popularności urban fantasy
Authors: Szymczak-Maciejczyk Barbara
Published: November 2023

The urban fantasy genre is currently receiving increasing attention from audiences and researchers. One of the factors contributing to this is the growing reception of fantasy per se. This is also due to the recent phenomenon of paranormal romance, from which – to some extent – urban fantasy is growing and emulating. The combination of fantasy, detective and romance plots and the emphasis on urbanity allows the use of a variety of pop culture tropes and motifs. In this article, I point to these several reasons for the growing popularity of urban fantasy
EL CAMARÓN DE MAR EN ANTOFAGASTA (Rhynchocinete typus Milne Edwards, 1837) Crustacea, Decapoda, Rhynchocinetidae
Authors: Miranda Oscar , Kong U. Ismael
Published: November 2023

El camarón de mar (Rhynchocinete typus), se explota en la zona de muellesde Antofagasta y constituye una pequeña fuente de entradas para un grupo de“tramperos”. Se le captura especialmente desde el atardecer hasta pasada la medianoche. También se encuentra entre los requerios de la costa y en el cinturón intermareal del tunicado Pyura chil ensis. (Kong, 1967).
CONSIDERACIONES BIOLÓGICAS DE Choromytilus chorus en dos sustratos diferentes
Authors: Lozada L. Eliana , Rolleri CH. Jaime , Yañez N. Renato
Published: November 2023

Características del Género.

Concha semejante a la de Mytilus s. str., charnela con 1 o 2 dientes, borde que soporta el resilio (ninfos) sin poros conspicuos; sin aductor anterior, aductor posterior unido con el retractor mediano y posterior. Genotipo: Mytilus chorus MOLINA 1782.

Diagnosis de la especie.

Se reconoce por su concha mitiliforme de gran tamaño que sólo presenta estrías concéntricas. El periostraco es de color negro o negro violáceo. La charnela está provista de un diente en la valva con la correspondiente hendidura en la valva izquierda. El umbo es acuminado. El borde dorsal es anguloso en la parte central y el borde ventral ligeramente cóncavo.
Literacia digital
Authors: Pinto Joane Vilela , Boscarioli Clodis
Published: November 2023

O acesso aos recursos tecnológicos e à internet são imprescindíveis no contexto educacional, situação que restou comprovada em razão do processo pandêmico da COVID-19, em que professores conseguiram ministrar aulas e alunos puderam participar remotamente. Porém, devem ser consideradas questões como o desenvolvimento e o aperfeiçoamento de habilidades em literacia digital para a navegação em ambientes virtuais, de maneira que professores e alunos consigam analisar e avaliar criticamente conteúdos disponíveis na rede, bem como produzir seus próprios conteúdos a partir das tecnologias digitais. Levando isso em consideração, investigamos o desenvolvimento de habilidades em literacia digital em contextos formativos de docentes, partindo da questão de pesquisa, que buscou compreender se os cursos de formação continuada desenvolviam habilidades em literacia digital. Como instrumentos para produção de dados foram utilizados diários de bordo, notas de campo, observações e questionários com professores. O conjunto desses dados possibilitou a criação de um curso sobre o assunto, que foi desenvolvido junto aos respondentes. Os principais resultados da pesquisa apontaram que a formação para o uso pedagógico das tecnologias digitais ainda não é uma realidade nas políticas educacionais. Revelaram, também, que os professores têm interesse na temática, o que torna possível o desenvolvimento de cursos que apresentem abordagens de literacia digital, na formação inicial e na continuada. De igual forma, foi possível verificar a viabilidade de cursos de curta duração que desenvolvam ou aperfeiçoem habilidades em literacia digital. Espera-se que este estudo contribua para o avanço do conhecimento sobre a temática.
Design Thinking na educação
Authors: Galvão Nadielli Maria dos Santos , Schneider Henrique Nou
Published: November 2023

O Design Thinking é uma proposta estratégica para gerar inovação, sendo possível adotá-la inclusive na educação. Porém, para isso é preciso que os envolvidos no processo pedagógico conheçam-na. Assim, buscar pesquisas científicas que apresentem a aplicação do Design Thinking no contexto educacional torna-se primordial. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar o perfil das pesquisas sobre Design Thinking como estratégia de inovação no ensino superior no âmbito internacional entre 2013 e 2022. O ano de 2022 foi o período com maior número de publicações sobre a temática. Apenas 5 autores publicaram mais de uma pesquisa. Além disso, a área de ciências sociais foi aquela com maior quantidade de publicações. Os Estados Unidos foi o país mais profícuo e, consequentemente, o inglês foi o principal idioma. As palavras-chave mais adotadas foram Design Thinking, Higher Education, innovation e creativity. O autor mais referenciado nos textos componentes da amostra foi Tim Brown.
Supervised Learning Algorithms
Authors: Nagaraj Ambika
Published: November 2023

Numerous domains now employ learning algorithms. It has distinct
performance metrics appropriate for them.. Based on a predetermined set of paired
input-output training samples, a machine learning paradigm known as “Supervised
Learning” is used to gather information about a system's input-output relationship. An
input-output training sample is also known as supervised or labeled training data
because the output is regarded as the input data or supervision label. Supervised
learning aims to build an artificial system that can learn the mapping between input and
output and predict the system's output, given new information. The learned mapping
results in the classification of the input data if the output takes a limited set of discrete
values representing the input's class labels. Regression of the information occurs if the
output takes continuous values. The chapter details the various algorithms,
technologies used and their applications.