bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endobronchial ultrasound in diagnosing and staging of lung cancer by Acquire 22G TBNB versus regular 22G TBNA needles: study protocol of a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Kuijvenhoven Jolanda C , Kramer Tess , Korevaar Daniël A , Ninaber Maarten K , Trisolini Rocco , Szlubowski Artur , Gnass Maciej , von der Thüsen Jan , Cohen Danielle , Bonta Peter I , Annema Jouke T
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Accurate diagnosis and staging of lung cancer is crucial because it directs treatment and prognosis. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and endoscopic ultrasound with bronchoscope fine-needle aspiration (EUS-B-FNA) are important in this process by sampling hilar/mediastinal lymph nodes and centrally located lung tumours. With the upcoming of immunotherapy and targeted therapies, assessment of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and molecular profiling has become important but is often impossible in cytological samples obtained through standard 22G TBNA needles. Recently, a three-pronged cutting edge 22G needle was developed that allows for transbronchial needle biopsy (TBNB). Our objective is to determine if EBUS/EUS-B-guided nodal/lung tumour sampling with Acquire 22G TBNB needles results in an improved suitability rate for the assessment of PD-L1 expression in comparison to standard 22G TBNA needles in patients with a final diagnosis of lung cancer.

Methods and analysis

This is an investigator-initiated, parallel group randomised clinical trial. Patients are recruited at respiratory medicine outpatient clinics of participating university and general hospitals in the Netherlands, Poland and Italy. In total 158 adult patients with (suspected) lung cancer are included if they have an indication for mediastinal/hilar lymph node or lung tumour sampling by EBUS-TBNA and/or EUS-B-FNA based on current clinical guidelines. Web-based randomisation between the two needles will be performed. Samples obtained from mediastinal/hilar lymph nodes and/or primary tumour will be processed for cytology smears and cell block analysis and reviewed by blinded reference pathologists. An intention-to-treat analysis will be applied. Patients with missing data will be excluded from analysis for that specific variable but included in the analysis of other variables. This study is financially supported by Boston Scientific.

Ethics and dissemination

The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee (Medisch Ethische Toetsingscommissie Amsterdam Medical Center (AMC)). Dissemination will involve publication in a peer-reviewed biomedical journal.

Trial registration number

NL7701; Pre-results.
Cohort profile: the Acquired Brain Injury Community REhabilitation and Support Services OuTcomes CohoRT (ABI-RESTaRT), Western Australia, 1991–2020
Authors: Mann Georgina , Troeung Lakkhina , Wagland Janet , Martini Angelita
Published: February 2022

Purpose

Transition back into the community following acute management of acquired brain injury (ABI) is a critical part of recovery. Post-acute rehabilitation and transitional care can significantly improve outcomes. The Acquired Brain Injury Community REhabilitation and Support Services OuTcomes CohoRT (ABI-RESTaRT) is a novel whole-population cohort formed to better understand the needs of individuals with ABI receiving post-acute rehabilitation and disability services in Western Australia (WA), and to improve their outcomes. To do this a unique combination of (1) internal clinical/rehabilitation data, and (2) externally linked health data from the WA Data Linkage System was used, including hospitalisations, emergency department presentations, mental health service use and death records, to measure longitudinal needs and outcomes of individuals with ABI over 29 years, making this the largest, most diverse post-acute ABI cohort in Australia to date.

Participants

Whole-population cohort of individuals (n=1011) with an ABI who received post-acute community-based neurorehabilitation or disability support services through Brightwater Care Group from 1991 to 2020.

Findings to date

Comprehensive baseline demographic, clinical and rehabilitation data, outcome measures and linked health data have been collected and analysed. Non-traumatic brain injury (eg, stroke, hypoxia) was the main diagnostic group (54.9%, n=555), followed by traumatic brain injury (34.9%, n=353) and eligible neurological conditions (10.2%, n=103). Mean age at admission was 45.4 years, and 67.5% were men (n=682). The cohort demonstrated significant heterogeneity, socially and clinically, with differences between ABI groups across a number of domains.

Future plans

ABI-RESTaRT is a dynamic whole-population cohort that will be updated over time as individuals enrol in the service. Future analyses will assess longitudinal brain injury outcomes, the changing health and social needs of individuals with ABI and evaluate and inform post-acute services to best support these individuals.

Registration

This cohort is not linked to a clinical trial, and is not registered.
Novel compressive sensing image encryption using the dynamics of an adjustable gradient Hopfield neural network
Authors: Isaac Sami Doubla , Njitacke Zeric Tabekoueng , Tsafack Nestor , Tchapga Christian Tchito , Kengne Jacques
Published: February 2022

In this contribution, the nonlinear dynamics of a non-autonomous model of two neurons based on the Hopfield neural network is considered. Using activation gradients as bifurcation control parameters, the properties of the model include dissipation with the existence of attractors and equilibrium points with their stability. Using traditional nonlinear analysis tools such as bifurcation diagrams, the graph of the maximum Lyapunov exponent, phase portraits, two-parameter diagrams, and attraction basins, the complex behaviour of the two-dimensional Hopfield neural network has been investigated and several windows of multistability involving the coexistence of up to four coexisting attractors have been found. Besides, the results of our numerical simulation of the multistability have been further supported using some Pspice simulation. The effect of the fractional-order derivative is also explored, and it is found that the route toward chaos is completely different when the order q of the HNN is varied between $$0<q<1$$

0
<
q
<
1

. Finally, a compressive sensing approach is used to compress and encrypt color images based on the sequences of the above-mentioned system. The plain color image is decomposed into Red, Green, and Blue components. The Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is applied to each component to obtain the corresponding sparse components. Confusion keys are obtained from the proposed chaotic system to scramble each sparse component. The measurement matrices obtained from the chaotic sequence are used to compress the confused sparse matrices corresponding to the Red, Green, and Blue components. Each component is quantified and a diffusion step is then applied to improve the randomness and, consequently, the information entropy. Experimental analysis of the proposed method yields a running time (t) of 6.85 ms, a maximum entropy value of 7.9996 for global and 7.9153 for local, an encryption throughput (ET) value of 114.80, and a number of cycles (NC) of 20.90. Analysis of these metrics indicates that the proposed scheme is competitive with some recent literature.
Attention Mechanism Based on Improved Spatial-Temporal Convolutional Neural Networks for Traffic Police Gesture Recognition
Authors: Wu Zhixuan , Ma Nan , Gao Yue , Li Jiahong , Xu Xinkai , Yao Yongqiang , Chen Li
Published: February 2022

Human action recognition has attracted extensive research efforts in recent years, in which traffic police gesture recognition is important for self-driving vehicles. One of the crucial challenges in this task is how to find a representation method based on spatial-temporal features. However, existing methods performed poorly in spatial and temporal information fusion, and how to extract features of traffic police gestures has not been well researched. This paper proposes an attention mechanism based on the improved spatial-temporal convolutional neural network (AMSTCNN) for traffic police gesture recognition. This method focuses on the action part of traffic police and uses the correlation between spatial and temporal features to recognize traffic police gestures, so as to ensure that traffic police gesture information is not lost. Specifically, AMSTCNN integrates spatial and temporal information, uses weight matching to pay more attention to the region where human action occurs, and extracts region proposals of the image. Finally, we use Softmax to classify actions after spatial-temporal feature fusion. AMSTCNN can strongly make use of the spatial-temporal information of videos and select effective features to reduce computation. Experiments on AVA and the Chinese traffic police gesture datasets show that our method is superior to several state-of-the-art methods.
Level-Crossing Sampling with Multiple Temporal Resolutions for Speech Signals
Authors: Premanand B. , Sheeba V. S.
Published: February 2022

Level-crossing sampling (LCS) is an alternative to the uniform sampling method and is suitable for sparse and bursty signals. LCS, which is adaptive to amplitude variations of the signals, mainly focuses on reducing the total number of samples. Presently, speech signals are sampled with LCS methods that have a constant temporal resolution, and they require time-to-digital converters (TDC) with a wide dynamic range. A long sequence of overflow counts of the TDC counter may be generated during silence regions if the dynamic range is reduced. This paper proposes level-crossing samplers with multiple temporal resolutions for speech signals. Frequency scaling is applied to standard LCS, adaptive LCS and peak sampling. During the silence region, the frequency of the TDC clock is scaled down, which enables the representation of longer intervals with smaller words. The number of bits per sample and hence the total number of samples generated are decreased due to the reduction in the dynamic range of the TDC. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method outperforms the conventional level-crossing samplers, which do not employ frequency scaling. In addition to a significant reduction in data size, this method can also be used for real-time automatic detection of silence regions in a speech signal.
Evolution of four-petal Lorentz–Gauss beams in the strongly nonlocal nonlinear media
Authors: Shamsodini Nastaran , Honarasa Gholamreza
Published: February 2022

In this paper, the properties of four-petal Lorentz–Gaussian beams (FPLGBs) during propagation in the strongly nonlinear nonlocal media (SNNM) are investigated by using the Collins formula. The impact of the beam and media parameters on the propagation of an FPLGB is investigated analytically. The intensity distribution of an FPLGB during propagation in the SNNM evolves periodically and the initial beam profile with four beamlets disappears for enormous values of the input power.
Vibration Control of a Time-Delayed Rotor-Active Magnetic Bearing System by Time-Varying Stiffness
Authors: Zhang Guorong , Xi Guang
Published: February 2022

Active magnetic bearing (AMB) can actively control the vibration of the rotor, and its control law plays a key role. In this study, the vibration control of a rotor-AMB system with time delay is studied. The nonlinear vibration equation is derived based on the Newton law considering the time-varying stiffness (TVS) control. The method of multiple scales is applied to obtain the approximate solutions in the case of the primary parametric resonance and 1:1 internal resonance. The results show that the vibration amplitude and stable region are both periodic with respect to time delay. Their period is exactly equal to the rotating period of rotor. Additionally, the eccentricity-response curves are constructed to illustrate the vibration control of the time-varying stiffness. The results show that the time-varying stiffness control suppresses the vibration effectively. At the same time, it is also found that the time-varying stiffness control may cause an increase in vibration amplitude or even instability in small range of unbalance eccentricity. The influence of time delay on the time-varying stiffness control is investigated. It is found that the time-varying stiffness controller exhibits different performance depending on the time delay.
Bi@C Core-Shell Nanostructure as Anode for Sodium-Ion Batteries from One-Step Arc Discharge
Authors: Li Xilong , Xing Yuqi , Song Ganqiang , Qin Chichu , Xu Long , Huang Lu
Published: February 2022

Bismuth has a great potential as the anode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) because of the layered structure with large interlayer space, long mean free path, and high volumetric capacity. In this paper, carbon-coated bismuth (Bi@C) core-shell nanostructure has been in situ synthesized by one-step direct current (DC) arc discharge method for the first time. The Bi@C nanocomposite without further decoration or any other treatment exhibits superior electrochemical performance as anode for SIBs and delivers stable capacities of 356, 342, 334, 327, 325, 323, and 318[Formula: see text]mA[Formula: see text]h[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] at the current densities of 0.2, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text], respectively. There is no obvious decay after 630 cycles with a capacity of 291[Formula: see text]mA[Formula: see text]h[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] at 10[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text], showing the excellent rate capability and long cycle stability in SIBs. Electrochemical tests proved that the ultra-fast charge–discharge performance is related to the fast redox kinetics of Na[Formula: see text] in layered structure of bismuth crystal. The Na[Formula: see text] storage mechanism of Bi@C nanocomposite anode was also investigated by cyclic voltammetry and in situ XRD. Based on experimental data, this paper proves that the arc discharge method is a simple and efficient method for preparing nanoscale electrode materials.
Some results of multiplication modules
Authors: Tavallaee Hamid Agha , Mahtabi Robabeh
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we state a number of results about associated and supported prime ideals and prime submodules, respectively, and then we study these results about multiplication and weakly finitely generated [Formula: see text]-modules in some cases. Finally, after recalling the definition of a complement to a submodule in a module, we find some properties of associated and supported prime submodules of a module in connection with complement.
A Survey on Contact Tracing: The Latest Advancements and Challenges
Authors: Jiang Ting , Zhang Yang , Zhang Minhao , Yu Ting , Chen Yizheng , Lu Chenhao , Zhang Ji , Li Zhao , Gao Jun , Zhou Shuigeng
Published: February 2022

Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi, which can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another. Infectious diseases pose a serious threat to human health, especially COVID-19 that has became a serious worldwide health concern since the end of 2019. Contact tracing is the process of identifying, assessing, and managing people who have been exposed to a disease to prevent its onward transmission. Contact tracing can help us better understand the transmission link of the virus, whereby better interrupting its transmission. Given the worldwide pandemic of COVID-19, contact tracing has become one of the most critical measures to effectively curb the spread of the virus. This paper presents a comprehensive survey on contact tracing, with a detailed coverage of the recent advancements the models, digital technologies, protocols and issues involved in contact tracing. The current challenges as well as future directions of contact tracing technologies are also presented.
The Role of Compute in Autonomous Micro Aerial Vehicles: Optimizing for Mission Time and Energy Efficiency
Authors: Boroujerdian Behzad , Genc Hasan , Krishnan Srivatsan , Duisterhof Bardienus Pieter , Plancher Brian , Mansoorshahi Kayvan , Almeida Marcelino , Cui Wenzhi , Faust Aleksandra , Reddi Vijay Janapa
Published: February 2022

Autonomous and mobile cyber-physical machines are becoming an inevitable part of our future. In particular, Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) have seen a resurgence in activity. With multiple use cases, such as surveillance, search and rescue, package delivery, and more, these unmanned aerial systems are on the cusp of demonstrating their full potential. Despite such promises, these systems face many challenges, one of the most prominent of which is their low endurance caused by their limited onboard energy. Since the success of a mission depends on whether the drone can finish it within such duration and before it runs out of battery, improving both the time and energy associated with the mission are of high importance. Such improvements have traditionally been arrived at through the use of better algorithms. But our premise is that more powerful and efficient onboard compute can also address the problem. In this article, we investigate how the compute subsystem, in a cyber-physical mobile machine such as a Micro Aerial Vehicle, can impact mission time (time to complete a mission) and energy. Specifically, we pose the question as
what is the role of computing for cyber-physical mobile robots?
We show that compute and motion are tightly intertwined, and as such
a close examination of cyber and physical processes and their impact on one another is necessary.
We show different “impact paths” through which compute impacts mission metrics and examine them using a combination of analytical models, simulation, and micro and end-to-end benchmarking. To enable similar studies, we open sourced
MAVBench
, our tool-set, which consists of (1) a closed-loop real-time feedback simulator and (2) an end-to-end benchmark suite composed of state-of-the-art kernels. By combining MAVBench, analytical modeling, and an understanding of various compute impacts, we show up to 2X and 1.8X improvements for mission time and mission energy for two optimization case studies, respectively. Our investigations, as well as our optimizations, show that
cyber-physical co-design, a methodology with which both the cyber and physical processes/quantities of the robot are developed with consideration of one another, similar to hardware-software co-design, is necessary for arriving at the design of the optimal robot.
Reinforcement Routing on Proximity Graph for Efficient Recommendation
Authors: Feng Chao , Lian Defu , Wang Xiting , Liu Zheng , Xie Xing , Chen Enhong
Published: February 2022

We focus on Maximum Inner Product Search (MIPS), which is an essential problem in many machine learning communities. Given a query, MIPS finds the most similar items with the maximum inner products. Methods for Nearest Neighbor Search (NNS) which is usually defined on metric space do not exhibit the satisfactory performance for MIPS problem since inner product is a non-metric function. However, inner products exhibit many good properties compared with metric functions, such as avoiding vanishing and exploding gradients. As a result, inner product is widely used in many recommendation systems, which makes efficient Maximum Inner Product Search a key for speeding up many recommendation systems.

Graph-based methods for NNS problem show the superiorities compared with other class methods. Each data point of the database is mapped to a node of the proximity graph. Nearest neighbor search in the database can be converted to route on the proximity graph to find the nearest neighbor for the query. This technique can be used to solve MIPS problem. Instead of searching the nearest neighbor for the query, we search the item with a maximum inner product with query on the proximity graph. In this article, we propose a reinforcement model to train an agent to search on the proximity graph automatically for MIPS problem if we lack the ground truths of training queries. If we know the ground truths of some training queries, our model can also utilize these ground truths by imitation learning to improve the agent’s searchability. By experiments, we can see that our proposed mode which combines reinforcement learning with imitation learning shows the superiorities over the state-of-the-art methods.
(Invited) Surface Chemistry and Intercalation As Strategies to Tune Reactivity in Colloidal Electrocatalysts
Authors: Cossairt Brandi , Henckel Danielle , Ung David
Published: February 2022

We are interested in developing colloidal methods for the synthesis of nanostructures with low overpotentials and high activity for multi-electron, multi-proton electrocatalytic reduction reactions. Ligand etching and intercalation will be offered as two complementary methods for dramatically enhancing the catalytic activity of colloidal transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) electrocatalysts. A combination of electrical impedance spectroscopy, structural analysis, and electronic structure characterization will be presented to reveal the mechanisms underlying catalytic improvement in these systems. The extension of these and related post-synthetic methods to tune the activity of colloidal transition metal phosphide electrocatalysts will also be discussed.
(Invited) Electrodeposition of CuxCo3-XO4 As Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Catalyst
Authors: Nath Narayan Chandra Deb , Park Hyunwoong , Lee Jae-Joon
Published: February 2022

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays an important role in many energy conversion devices including photoelectrochemical cells, fuel cells and rechargeable metal air batteries. It proceeds through a four electron transfer water oxidation process and it is kinetically sluggish. It requires considerable high electrochemical overpotential to fill the significant losses in the energy conversion efficiency. The efficient and stable electrocatalyst can facilitate the sluggish kinetics of the OER. Earth-limited and expensive metal oxides such as RuO2, IrO2, PtO2 are considered as most active OER electrocatalysts. However, their high-cost and low-availability limits their large-scale applications. Therefore, there is a great interest in developing OER catalysts based on earth-abundant metals such as copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co). Recently, the spinel-type CuCo2O4 exhibited promising OER activities and corrosion stability in alkaline media. However, preparation of the CuCo2O4 by the traditional solid-phase method involves high-temperature sintering and grinding. It gives the particles with limited electroactive surface area and inadequate electron transport property between the CuCo2O4 particles and collecting substrate. In the present study, we prepared a series of flower-like nanostructured CuxCo3-xO4 with high electroactive surface area via very simple and straightforward electrochemical deposition method and applied as catalysts for OER activity. They showed very promising OER activities and stabilities at low overpotentials due to their high electroactive surface area and high intrinsic electrical conductivity.
Development of a synbiotic that protects against ovariectomy-induced trabecular bone loss
Authors: Lawenius Lina , Gustafsson Karin L. , Wu Jianyao , Nilsson Karin H. , Movérare-Skrtic Sofia , Schott Eric M. , Soto-Girón Maria J. , Toledo Gerardo V. , Sjögren Klara , Ohlsson Claes
Published: February 2022

We performed genomic analyses and in vitro experiments in a collection of bacterial and fungal strains. We identified a combination (SBD111-A) that produced high levels of SCFA in vitro and protected against ovariectomy-induced bone loss in a dose-dependent manner in mice. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that SBD111-A changed the taxonomic composition and function of the gut microbiome and enriched pathways for synthesis of bone-protective SCFA, vitamin K2, and branched-chain amino acids.
High dietary salt intake increases urinary NGAL excretion and creatinine clearance in healthy young adults
Authors: Barnett Alex M. , Babcock Matthew C. , Watso Joseph C. , Migdal Kamila U. , Gutiérrez Orlando M. , Farquhar William B. , Robinson Austin T.
Published: February 2022

In healthy young adults, 10 days of dietary salt loading increased creatinine clearance and increased urinary excretion of the kidney injury biomarker marker neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin despite no change in resting blood pressure.
Identification of Geothermal Reservoirs in South Cameroon from a Combined Landsat 8 and AMT Data
Authors: Joel Piameu Kwagag , Louise-Clotilde Owona Angue Marie , Evariste Ngatchou , Nfor Njingti , Malquaire Kue Petou Rokis , Philippe Njandjock Nouck
Published: February 2022

This geothermal source prospecting work is carried out in order to respond to the energy deficit affecting the populations of South Cameroon in particular. The study combines audio-magnetotelluric (AMT) and Landsat 8 data for the geolocation of reservoirs, as well as the geological and tectonic information. The processing of these data defined 5 profiles and led to two-dimensional models of resistivity sections for each profile. The interpretation of the data identified a highly conductive zone with a resistivity ranged 1–10 Ω·m at an estimated depth of 1200 m in the locality of Menve’ele. The Landsat 8 data collected in this area during the same period enabled the elaboration of temperature and lineament anomaly maps of the study area. High-temperature areas with high lineament predominance correlate better with areas of low resistivity. For example, Menve’ele (A1) has a surface temperature range of 20°C–30°C and a high density of lineaments. By correlating these results with those provided by previous authors, the Menve’ele locality may be the target of a potential geothermal reservoir. A 3D resistivity model is built to better understand the variations of resistivity and their depths. The geological and tectonic information of the region confirm the tectonic origin of the faults and lineaments as well as the predominance of metamorphic and sedimentary formations.
Study on the Countermeasures of Integrating Outdoor Sports into the Development of Health Service Industry in China
Authors: Kong Dezhi , Sun Jingzhu
Published: February 2022

At present, the exploration and practice of the integration of sports industry, health industry, pension industry, tourism industry, and other related industries are deepening, and outdoor sports have become a way of life for people to entertain, relax, and improve their quality of life. In order to improve the level of people’s daily health services and promote the development of sports health services, this paper briefly introduces the development status of outdoor sports in China. Sports health service is an important part of health service industry. It analyzes the development background of sports health service industry from the perspectives of aging population, spreading chronic diseases, and government’s attention, sums up the restrictive factors of outdoor sports development, and provides countermeasures and suggestions for the sustainable and healthy development of China’s health service industry in the future.
Petrochemical Wastewater Treatment by Eggshell Modified Biochar as Adsorbent: Atechno-Economic and Sustainable Approach
Authors: Kumi Andy G. , Ibrahim Mona G. , Fujii Manabu , Nasr Mahmoud
Published: February 2022

Petrochemical industrial wastewater (PIW)contains toluene and xylene (TX), and various organic and inorganic pollutants, causing severe risks to human health if improperly released into the environmental matrices. For the long-term reliability of environmental conservation, this study illustrates the interlinkage between PIW treatment and the three pillars of sustainable development. Sewage sludge biochar was modified with eggshell, showing a relatively high fixed C content (increase in carbonization degree), and small O/C and N/C ratios. The prepared biochar was employed for TX adsorption in mono-component solutions, giving removal efficiencies of 79.1% (T) and 86.6% (X), at pH =10, adsorbent dosage =2 g/L, and Co =40 mg/L within 60 min. The main adsorption mechanism was physisorption, including precipitation/pore-filling, π- π dispersive interaction, and van der Waals force. The modified biochar also treated real PIW under five adsorption/regeneration cycles, providing essential steps toward large-scale applications. According to an economic feasibility estimation, the biochar application for treating 1 m3 of PIW would offer a payback period of 6.9 yr. The study outputs could be linked to the restoration of water-related ecosystems, biochar modification for industrial applications, and climate change mitigation, adopting the 2030 agenda and its sustainable development goals (SDGs).
Analysis on the Penetration of Emotional Education in College Physical Education Based on Emotional Feature Clustering
Authors: Guo Hong , Wang Miqi
Published: February 2022

Physical education is a highly skilled education offered in colleges and universities. Teachers do not appear in front of inanimate machines as laborers, and they are not the same as gardeners who grow colorful trees, according to their essential characteristics. Their work is aimed at flesh-and-blood students who are sentimental, thoughtful, and engaged in critical thinking. As a result, schools should prioritize physical education and place a premium on emotional infiltration education, improve learning interest, improve teacher-student relationships, create a harmonious teaching environment, and improve teaching quality; it has a significant impact on an individual’s entire life. The modern educational process places a premium on the transmission of rational knowledge while overlooking the accumulation of emotional experience. The cultivation and development of emotional feeling ability, emotional expression, and expression ability receive less attention than the training and improvement of language, concept, logic, and reasoning abilities. Emotion feature clustering is used to propose an emotion recognition method in this study. This method generates extended features for classification by constructing a co-occurrence matrix based on the co-occurrence relationship of emotion features and then by applying the spectral clustering method. The binary value of whether emotional features of emotional education in college physical education appear in a particular cluster is then expressed as a feature and extended to the original training feature set, alleviating the problem of sparse features.
Bisphenol and Phthalate Migration Test from Mexican Meat Packaging Using HPLC-DAD Technique
Authors: Ceballos-Luna Valeria , Chávez-Flores David , Martínez-Serrano Ibiza , Rocha-Gutierrez Beatriz A. , Nevárez-Rodríguez Myrna C. , Beltrán Blanca G.
Published: February 2022

The objective of this work was to analyze the bisphenols’ and phthalates’ (PAEs) migration from meat packages (of sausages, Winnies, and ham found in Mexican markets) to a water simulant. The determination of these compounds was realized by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and diode array detection (DAD) at a wavelength of 254 nm. The mobile phase utilized was a mixture of acetonitrile:H2O (70 : 30). Elution was performed isocratically at a temperature of 25°C and at a flow rate of 1 mL min−1. The LOQs obtained for BPA, DEP, BADGE, DBP, BisDMA, DHP, DOP, and PA in µg mL−1 were 0.53, 2.09, 0.85, 1.45, 5.81, 1.03, 3.12, and 29.6, respectively. Calibration curves exhibited an adequate determination coefficient for all compounds (R2 >0.999). Excellent accuracy and precision in measurements (% RSD) were achieved. The recovery study showed good applicability of the method (percentage recovery 80% to 106%). The BPA, BADGE, DBP, and DOP concentrations found in samples exceeded the simulant migration limits (SMLs) established by the European Union. The contribution of the current investigation was to provide information related to the presence of bisphenols and PAEs in the package of meat products, highlighting the health risks associated with their exposure.
Evaluating the Higher‐Order Slip Consequence in Bioconvection Nanofluid Flow Configured by a Variable Thick Surface of Disk
Authors: Waqas Hassan , Yasmin Sumeira , Althobaiti Nesreen , Bonyah Ebenezer , Alshehri Ahmed , Shah Zahir
Published: February 2022

For innovations in manufacturing and engineering scientific fields, the devices (electrical and computer systems) with large thermal effectiveness are needed. As a result, their thermal efficiency has become a very hot problem for many canvassers. With the novelty of this analysis, a mathematical study is performed to estimate the Darcy‐Forchheimer flow of viscous magnetized fluid with Arrhenius activation energy and bioconvection effects through a variable thick surface of a rotating disk. The impact of thermal conductivity, heat source, and nonlinear thermal radiation is considered. The higher‐order velocity slip impacts are also scrutinized. The system of partial differential equations (PDEs) and specific boundary restrictions is altered into a system of ODEs by adopting the suitable similarity transformations. The reduced ODE’s system is tackled with the aid of shooting scheme under (bvp4c) built‐in tool commercial software MATLAB. Moreover, the effects of different parameters over velocity components, thermal conductivity, concentration, and microorganism’s fields are also examined. The confirmation of our findings is also explained through tables and graphical results. The results revealed that the radial velocity increases with the growing estimations of mixed convection parameter. The second‐order velocity slip in radial direction causes a decrement in the estimation of axial velocity. Temperature distribution increases with a larger temperature ratio parameter. The concentration field of species and microorganism profile is reduced via a Brownian motion parameter and Peclet number, respectively.
The Effect of Subcutaneous Dexamethasone to Reduce Edema and Ecchymosis in Rhinoplasty Patients
Authors: Jafari Mahboubeh , Maleki Delarestaghi Mojtaba , Jahandideh Hesam , Rajaeih Shahin , Ghashghaei Sara , Wood David A.
Published: February 2022

Background. Rhinoplasty is one of the most common types of cosmetic surgery undertaken. In most rhinoplasty patients, an osteotomy is used to reshape the nasal pyramid. The most common complications following osteotomy are edema and ecchymosis. Edema and ecchymosis have a significant effect on a patients’ satisfaction with surgery and their return to social activities. For this purpose, various methods have been used to reduce edema and ecchymosis, including intravenous injection of corticosteroids, cold compresses, and tranexamic acid. Objective. To reduce edema and ecchymosis in rhinoplasty patients by administering a subcutaneous injection of dexamethasone and thereby prevent unwanted systemic side effects of corticosteroid treatments. Method. We conduct a hospital-based nonrandomised study of rhinoplasty patients, with their informed consent treated over the course of one year. Dexamethasone was injected on one side of consenting patient’s face immediately before surgery and the results were compared with the opposite side that was not injected. The face images of patients were taken on the front view on the first, third, seventh, and fourteenth days following the treatment. The grade of edema and ecchymosis encountered in each patient was determined by three ENT specialists. The degree of edema and ecchymosis was compared on the injected and noninjected sides and the findings were statistically analysed. The nonrandomised study considered 42 rhinoplasty patients. The mean age of patients was 27.9 years and their age ranged between 17 and 52 years. For 20 patients (47.6%), injection was performed on the right side, and for 22 patients (52.3%), injection was performed on the left side. Findings. The statistical analysis of patient outcomes reveals that a supraperiosteal injection of dexamethasone was not effective in reducing edema and ecchymosis after rhinoplasty.
Dynamic Characteristics of a Simulated Sugarcane Field Exciter for Small Sugarcane Harvesters
Authors: Mo Hanning , Li Shangping , He Guiqing , Zeng Bang , Qiu Chen
Published: February 2022

The sugarcane harvester vibration has a bad effect on the sugarcane cutting quality. The effect of sugarcane field roughness on the sugarcane harvester vibration is much more significant than those of cutting forces and the engine. In order to simulate sugarcane field roughness, a simulated sugarcane field exciter (SSFE) was developed to actuate a self‐developed sugarcane harvester experiment platform (SHEP). The dynamics and the mathematical models of the SHEP were established. Simulations of the mathematical model show these two models are reasonable. The dynamic characteristic experiment of the SSFE shows it matches characteristics of sugarcane field roughness, but great lateral oscillations existed when it worked. Then the SSFE II was developed. The dynamic characteristic experiment of the SSFE II shows it matches characteristics of sugarcane field roughness and improves the SSFE. The modal test of the SHEP was done to further study dynamic characteristics of the SSFE II. With the SSFE II, simulated experiments of sugarcane harvesters under complete vibration causing conditions can be done in labs instead of sugarcane fields to avoid the low efficiency, poor security, and bad reliability during experiments in sugarcane fields.
Tanreqing Injection Regulates Cell Function of Hypoxia-Induced Human Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells (HPASMCs) through TRPC1/CX3CL1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Xiang Yonghong , Zheng Fei , Zhang Qinzhe , Zhang RunJuan , Pan Haiyan , Pang Zongdong , Dai Shimin , Zhang Yurong , Wu Ye , Yao Lunkai , Su Mengju , Lan Luying
Published: February 2022

Hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH) is due to hypoxia caused by vascular endothelial cell remolding and damage. Previous studies have suggested that CX3CL1 plays an important role in HPAH which is affected by oxidative stress. Ca2+ channel activation correlated with increasing NF-κB levels induced by ROS. Tanreqing injection (TRQ) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for acute upper respiratory tract infection and acute pneumonia. In the present study, we explored the effect of TRQ on human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) undergoing hypoxia and feasible molecular mechanisms involved in. Cell proliferation was assayed using CCK8 kits. Immunofluorescence and western blotting along with ELISA assay were performed to investigate the effect of TRQ on hypoxia-induced ROS, Ca2+, hydroxyl free radicals, and the expression of Ca2+ channel protein TRPC1, CX3CR1, HIF-1α, NF-κBp65, and p-NF-κBp65 in HPASMCs. Human CX3CL1 and the inhibitor of TRPC1 as SKF96365 were used for further investigation. TRQ inhibited hypoxia-induced increasing cell adhesion, ROS, Ca2+, hydroxyl free radicals, CX3CR1, HIF-1α, NF-κBp65 activation, and even on TRPC1 expression in HPASMC which tended to be attenuated even reversed by CX3CL1. Our results suggested that TRQ might help to attenuate remodeling of HPASMC through inhibiting the ROS and TRPC1/CX3CL1 signaling pathway.
On the Effect of the Stress Ratio on Fatigue Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Cutolo A. , Elangeswaran C. , Van Hooreweder B.
Published: February 2022

Fatigue life estimation of Ti-6Al-4V parts produced by additive manufacturing (AM) technologies has received increasing interest during the last decade. Recent studies focused mostly on the fatigue performance of Ti-6Al-4V considering a fixed stress ratio (

R

), usually 0.1 or −1. However, in order to properly design structural components subjected to variable loads, the effect of different stress ratios on the fatigue performance has to be carefully investigated. This research studies the stress ratio influence on the fatigue properties of Ti-6Al-4V specimens produced by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). Miniaturized Ti-6Al-4V samples were tested with the step procedure for different

R

values. A constant life Haigh's diagram (

2
·
1

0

6

cycles) was generated for L-PBF Ti-6Al-4V in as-built, electro-polished, and machined surface condition. The results present for the first time the relations between alternating and mean stresses for L-PBF Ti-6Al-4V with a fine

α
+
β

microstructure when different surface posttreatments are used to enhance the coupons’ final surface quality.
Comprehensive Network Analysis Identified SIRT7, NTRK2, and CHI3L1 as New Potential Markers for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
Authors: Li Haoxi , Li Wenhao , Zhang Li , He Jicheng , Tang Lin , Li Zhuhai , Chen Feng , Fan Qie , Wei Jianxun
Published: February 2022

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is considered the basis of serious clinical symptoms, especially for low back pain (LBP). Therefore, it is essential to explore the regulatory role and diagnostic performance of dysregulated genes and potential drugs in IDD. Through WGCNA co-expression analysis, 36 co-expression modules were obtained. Among them, MidnightBlue and Red modules were the most related to IDD. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the Red module was mainly related to neutrophil activation and regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway and apoptosis, whereas the MidnightBlue module was mainly related to extracellular matrix organization, bone development, extracellular matrix, extracellular matrix component, and other extracellular matrices. Furthermore, 356 genes highly related to the module were screened to construct a protein interaction network. Network degree distribution analysis showed that the known IDD-related genes had a higher degree of distribution. Enrichment analysis demonstrated that these genes were enriched in MAPK_SIGNALING_PATHWAY (FDR = 0.012), CHEMOKINE_SIGNALING_PATHWAY, and some other pathways. By constructing a disease-gene interaction network, three disease-specific genes were finally identified. Through combining with the drug-target gene interaction network, two potential therapeutic drugs, entrectinib and larotrectinib, were determined. Finally, based on these genes, the diagnostic model in the training dataset, test dataset, and verification dataset all showed a high diagnostic performance. The findings of this study contributed to the diagnosis of IDD and personalized treatment of IDD.
Certain Energies of Graphs for Dutch Windmill and Double‐Wheel Graphs
Authors: Wu Jing , Ali Muhammad Arfan , Mutee ur Rehman Hafiz , Dou Yan
Published: February 2022

Energy of a graph is defined as the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix associated with the graph. In this research work, we find color energy, distance energy, Laplacian energy, and Seidel energy for the Dutch windmill graph of cycle lengths 4, 5, and 6. Also, we find the lower bounds of the double‐wheel graph for energy, Seidel energy, color energy, distance energy, Laplacian energy, and Harary energy.
Application of Computer Data Mining Technology Based on AKN Algorithm in Denial of Service Attack Defense Detection
Authors: Huang Xiang
Published: February 2022

Denial of service attacks have become one of the most difficult network security problems because they are easy to implement, difficult to prevent, and difficult to track, and they have brought great harm to the network society. Denial of service (Dos) is a phenomenon in which a large number of useless data packets or obstructive content are maliciously transmitted to the target server, which makes the target server unable to provide users with normal services. Denial of service attack (Dos attack) is a very typical network attack method, and the main harm of Dos attack is to exhaust service resources, making the computer or network unable to provide normal services. And AKN (adaptive Kohonen network) is an adaptive neural network proposed in recent years, and an algorithm summarized by using the characteristics of the neural network is called the AKN algorithm. This algorithm can realize fast, low-consumption, and high-precision denial of service detection in complex networks. In the era of big data, network security is becoming more and more important, and in order to maintain the security of network data, this article studies the common forms and principles of Dos attacks, as well as the current corresponding defense detection methods. It also investigates several commonly used algorithms of computer data mining technology, such as clustering algorithms, classification algorithms, neural network algorithms, regression algorithms, website data mining, and association algorithms, and proposes a computer data mining model based on the AKN algorithm. In addition, the computer data mining technology based on the AKN algorithm is used to conduct defensive detection experiments under Dos attacks and compares with classic algorithms. Experimental results show that experiments based on the AKN algorithm have better defensive detection effects than classic algorithms, with a detection accuracy rate of more than 97% and a detection efficiency improvement of more than 20%.
Prevention and Control of Nosocomial Infections among Hospital Logistic Staff During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Honghui Zhang , Qingting Li , Yao Chen , Hua Peng , Chunmi Geng , Qing Long , Jia Guo
Published: February 2022

Hospital logistics staff comprise a crucial, albeit easily overlooked, group in the prevention and control of hospital nosocomial infections, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. From the perspective of hospital safety improvement, this paper describes the current situation and challenges in the prevention and control of nosocomial infections among hospital logistics staff. We also provide the following suggestions to improve nosocomial infections: (1) updating the learning system of nosocomial infections, (2) reinforcing the training of infections prevention, (3) properly arranging manpower and resources, and (4) improving the supervision and management system.
TMAO-Activated Hepatocyte-Derived Exosomes Are Widely Distributed in Mice with Different Patterns and Promote Vascular Inflammation
Authors: Liu Xiang , Tu Jiazichao , Zhou Ziqin , Huang Bingxin , Zhou Jianrong , Chen Jimei
Published: February 2022

Background. Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been shown to be an important player in cardiovascular disease (CVD) by promoting vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. We recently found that exosomes (Exos) released from TMAO-activated hepatocytes (TMAO-Exos) could significantly induce inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. However, understandings of how are the Exos secreted by hepatocytes, where are they distributed in vivo, and what effects will they have on vascular inflammation remain limited. The present study aimed to explore the hub genes involved in the production of TMAO-Exos and their distributions in vivo and effects on inflammation. Methods. The transcriptome profiles of primary rat hepatocytes stimulated with TMAO were obtained from the GSE135856 dataset in the Gene Expression Omnibus repository, and the hub genes associated with Exos were screened and verified by qPCR. Next, Exos derived from TMAO-treated hepatocytes were isolated using differential centrifugation and given intravenously to mice. After 24 h, the distributions of DiI-labelled Exos were visualized with a fluorescence microscope, and the levels of proinflammatory genes in the aorta were detected by qPCR. Results. Phgdh, Mdh2, Echs1, Rap2a, Gpd1l, and Slc3a2 were identified as hub genes that may be involved in the production of TMAO-Exos. And TMAO-Exos were found to be efficiently taken up by cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes, and endothelial cells in the aorta and gastrocnemius muscle. Furthermore, TMAO-Exos, but not control-Exos, could significantly promote the mRNA expressions of Tnf, Icam1, Sele, and Cox-2 in the aorta. Conclusions. We provided clues about how TMAO may stimulate hepatocytes to produce Exos and further offered evidence that Exos secreted by TMAO-treated hepatocytes could be widely distributed in vivo and promote vascular inflammation.