bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of clinical and magnetic resonance methods of assessing damage to the fibrocartilage lip in pediatric patients with traumatic instability of the shoulder joint
Authors: Lukyanov Sergey A. , Proshchenko Yaroslav N. , Baindurashvili Alexey G.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: The shoulder joint provides the greatest degree of freedom in movement, making it one of the most unstable and frequently dislocated joints, accounting for almost 50% of large-joint dislocations. Recurrent instability of the shoulder joint develops in 96%100% of children and adolescents, making it important to accurately diagnose possible anatomical causes of persistent pain syndrome violating the habitual function of the shoulder. At the same time, the symptoms of intra-articular injuries of the shoulder joint are often vague, and a definitive diagnosis cannot be made without the use of instrumental research methods.
AIM: To compare the diagnostic value of clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging in detecting intra-articular pathology in adolescents with anterior instability of the shoulder joint of traumatic origin.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included parameters of clinical examination and instrumental methods of investigation of 72 children (72 shoulder joints) with habitual shoulder dislocation of traumatic origin. The age of the examined persons ranged from 13 to 17 years.
Magnetic resonance, clinical, arthroscopic, and statistical methods of research were employed in this work. The arthroscopic method was considered as a reference research method for assessing the sensitivity and specificity of clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated, followed by an assessment of the prognoses of positive and negative results for MRI data and clinical research methods.
RESULTS: The MRI data was characterized by a significantly greater sensitivity and specificity in detecting lesions (95.4% and 71.4%) than those of clinical examination (79.1% and 60%). Thus, MRI is better at detecting damage to the fibrous-cartilaginous lip in traumatic instability in adolescents than clinical examination.
CONCLUSIONS: In our opinion, for the most reliable preoperative planning of surgical treatment of children, a full-fledged clinical examination should be used and data from instrumental research methods should be included, considering the advantages and disadvantages of each method.
regulación del derecho al agua en Colombia
Authors: López Cortés Oscar Andrés , Moncada Prieto Víctor Manuel
Published: July 2022

Este artículo indaga en el fundamento legal y jurisprudencial del derecho al agua en Colombia y cuestiona el argumento usado frecuentemente por los legisladores que niegan su carácter de derecho fundamental. Con tal objetivo, se hace un análisis del discurso del legislador colombiano, el cual indica que establecer el carácter fundamental del derecho al agua derivaría en una exigencia indiscriminada de este a través de la acción de tutela, profundizaría la crisis del aparato de justicia y comprometería la viabilidad económica de las empresas administradoras del servicio. Se concluye que el discurso del legislador ha sido utilizado por las instituciones del Estado para impedir que Colombia cumpla con sus obligaciones internacionales en términos de disponibilidad, accesibilidad y calidad del agua como recurso vital para los seres humanos.
Economic growth in the Central East European Union and the Western Balkan countries in the course of Stability and Growth Pact and COVID-19
Authors: Dauti Bardhyl , Elezi Shiret
Published: July 2022

This research aims to provide an empirical assessment of the relationship between fiscal policy sustainability factors, like fiscal deficit and economic growth in the Western Balkan countries and East European Union Countries, using panel-level data for the yearly time span from 2000-2021. The empirical model provides the impact of fiscal deficit, alongside other control variables like inflation, schooling, total investments, trade openness, and output gap on economic growth in the selected group of countries. For the purpose of research, we employed Static and dynamic panel estimation techniques like Fixed Effects with Driscol and Kraay standard errors and system GMM. The findings confirm that fiscal deficit has significantly affected the growth level in both groups of countries. In addition, when the fiscal deficit has interacted with the COVID-19 dummy, it appears as a growth-enhancing factor. However, when the fiscal deficit interacts with the Eurozone debt crisis period, it becomes a growth-deteriorating factor. Other control variables like inflation, trade openness, total investments, and the output gap are found important factors in explaining the growth performance of the Central East European and Western Balkan countries.
The influence of demographic, cultural, and educational background in the boardroom on firm performance – The Croatian evidence
Authors: Pavić Kramarić Tomislava , Miletić Marko
Published: July 2022

This study investigates the demographic, cultural and educational features of management boards of Croatian manufacturers. The analysis, conducted using static panel analysis, encompasses the period from 2015 to 2019. To the impact of different board characteristics on firm performance expressed with accounting- oriented performance measures such as return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE), this study includes several explanatory variables comprising CEO tenure, age of the board members, the share of foreigners in the boardroom and finance educational background. Additionally, a few firm-specific variables included in the research are firm size, leverage, and firm age. The analysis findings reveal that board composition plays a crucial role when explaining the firm’s profitability. Furthermore, the firm’s maturity and leverage additionally prove to be significant factors affecting corporate performance.
Amplifying the Influence of CSR Disclosure on Investment Inefficiency by Choosing Woman Directors: Is it Effective?
Authors: Saputri Ulfah Tika , Agustina Fitri
Published: July 2022

Research Aims: The article was written with the intention to inspect the amplified impact of CSR disclosure by choosing women on the boards of directors in the companies on investment inefficiency. Design/Methodology/Approach: The sample studies were non-financial companies listed on IDX during 2018-2019 that published sustainability and annual reporting.Research Finding: This research revealed that, in the latest two years, overinvestment was done by most of the sample companies (76%). Hereafter, there was a negative effect on investment inefficiency due to the increasing corporate social responsibility disclosure. Nevertheless, women on the board of directors had no effect as moderating variable.Theoretical Contribution: This study adds literature on investment inefficiency issues, especially on amplifying the influence of corporate social responsibility disclosure on investment inefficiency by choosing women on the board of directors.Research Limitation: Very limited position on the board of directors for women in companies causes it to have no effect as a moderating variable. Moreover, this research did not categorize investment efficiency in the overinvestment and underinvestment schemes.
Ecopharmacovigilance: Need of the hour
Authors: Dutta Avisek , Banerjee Anupam , Chaudhry Sunil
Published: July 2022

Pharmaceuticals in the environment have the potential to be hazardous to human beings. With each passing day it is becoming a major source of concern. Due to recent findings showing the availability of pharmaceutical components in the environment, particularly in ground water bodies, pharmaceuticals have gained a growing amount of attention from worldwide health regulatory bodies and have become one of the most significant water pollutants. The aim of this article is to review the environmental hazards of pharmaceuticals that have been reported in various literature sources to promote awareness on safe usage of medicines, to increase pharmaceutical manufacturers’ knowledge on environmental safety aspects and to arrest the attention of pharmacovigilance practitioners to some of the emerging problems caused by medicines. Pharmaceutical waste has been a source of huge concern amongst environmental scientists. Pharmaceutical manufacturers and pharmacovigilance scientists should invest more attention to these increasing environmental concerns caused by medications. Ecopharmacovigilance is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the science and activities concerned with the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse events or other related problems caused by pharmaceuticals in the environment that affect people and other animal species. This review is an attempt to compile information on Ecopharmacovilance, with an emphasis on the Indian perspective.
Ensino Remoto: um Panorama do Uso das Tecnologias Digitais na Perspectiva de Graduandos da Rede Privada
Authors: Liao Tarliz , Thees Andréa , dos Santos Galvão Ingrid Lane , Mincov de Almeida Sônia Regina
Published: July 2022

Com o cenário atual determinando a implementação aligeirada do ensino online, o uso efetivo das tecnologias digitais surge como uma alternativa às práticas pedagógicas presenciais. Neste contexto, este trabalho visa analisaras perspectivas discentes quanto às aulas remotas, a utilização das tecnologias digitais por seus professores, por si próprios e, ainda, os impactos dessa utilização em seu processo de aprendizado e apropriação de conhecimento. Para isso, foi investigado um grupo de 34 graduandos da rede privada do Rio de Janeiro, em uma abordagem metodológica quali-quantitativa. A coleta de dados se deu por meio da aplicação de um questionário online. Como resultado da análise dos dados coletados, foi possível traçar um panorama do que vem ocorrendo a partir dessa nova contingência educacional, mostrando que algumas das demandas foram (im)postas aos docentes de forma abrupta e sem formação prévia.

Palavras-chave: Tecnologias digitais. Ensino remoto. Educação tecnológica.
Energy and exergy analysis of flat plate solar collector for three working fluids, under the same conditions
Authors: Haghghi Maghsoud A. , Pesteei Seyed M.
Published: July 2022

The growth and expansion of the population, has caused increased the use of energy in the last few years. One of the cleanest and renewable sources of the energy is the solar energy. The solar energy can be collected by solar collectors. One of the solar collectors is the flat plate solar collector (FPC), that it is used in domestic utilization. Use of various Nano-fluids to improve the thermal properties of solar collectors, considered as one of the most effective method to optimize the flat plate collectors. In this study, a FPC in terms of energy and exergy, for three fluids (water, air and TiO2 Nano-fluid) have been investigated. According to the results obtained and under the same conditions, destruction exergy of water is more than other two fluids and TiO2 Nano-fluid has the least amount of destruction exergy. Also, by increasing in the total radiation on tilted surface (Gt) TiO2 Nano-fluid’s exergy efficiency is more than the other fluids in this study. By increasing ambient temperature, the exergy efficiency decreases, that water has the most variation. Due to the temperature range of the inlet working fluid to the collector’s tubes, observed that outlet temperature of the TiO2 Nano-fluid is about 50°C higher than when water enters it. Therefore, the initial statement about Nano-fluids is confirmed. In appropriate conditions, the collector’s efficiency is between 45% - 50%, thus FPC is one of the best devices for domestic utilization.
A corpus-based approach to author’s idiolect study: lexicological aspect
Authors: Kalymon Yuliia , Romanchuk Olha , Fedchyshyn Nadiya , Protsenko Ulyana , Yurko Nadiia
Published: July 2022

The aim of this paper is to present the application of a multimodal approach to the analysis of the writer’s lexicon. The versatility of the anthropocentric paradigm of modern linguistics and the approaches applied in our research are mindful of the choice of relevant research methods. The features of a writer’s lexicon (or idiolect in a broader sense) have been of great interest among scholars though they have been mostly explored by literary critics. Nowadays, more linguists are also interested in thorough research on the subject by applying more rigorous scientific methods like quantitative and statistical ones. The paper herewith focuses on a few of them as a preliminary attempt to showcase some results. The primary concern is to make this study corpus-based. Hence it is crucial to create a corpus of works based on the generally acknowledged rules and principles. Therefore, such a corpus may contribute to the development of corpus linguistics and be applicable to other research regarding studying the writer’s idiolect. Another point of interest is that such research may either support or somehow disprove established views regarding the writing style of a certain author (that is very useful when considering author attribution issues or even forensic linguistics, though that is not the case of the given research). Finally, lexical semantics plays one of the leading roles in defining dominant concepts of an author’s writing style corresponding to the cognitive linguistics domain. As a result of such an approach, it may help to construct the lexicon of the author into an ideographic entity. Furthermore, similar findings or comparative analysis of corresponding objects of study may contribute to displaying the author’s outlook and subsequently that of the whole nation.
Borrowings from Lithuanian in the subdialect of the western Bryansk region of Russia
Authors: Glushak Vasiliy , Kovac Marina
Published: July 2022

This article concerns the Lithuanian lexical borrowings in one of the least-studied Russian subdialects of the western Bryansk region, located in the territory of centuries-old interaction of the Baltic and East Slavic language areas. Based on lexicographic sources and field research material, a list of Lithuanisms was compiled, including those with lexemes, previously not considered Lithuanian borrowings in East Slavic languages and dialects. The borrowings are divided into reliable and controversial Lithuanisms and Lithuanian borrowings, which either have or do not have parallel lexemes in other Slavic languages and their dialects. Borrowed lexemes are distributed according to thematic areas related to the name and characteristics of people, their behavior, work, everyday life and the world around them. Depending on the stylistic connotation, Lithuanisms are divided into neutral and pejorative. The assumption is made that the Eastern Slavs perceived the Balts as representatives of an equal culture and, in part, a 'lower' culture in relation to 'their' own. The research concludes that many people were bilingual in the territories of Baltic–East Slavic interaction, as well as the requirements for sufficient knowledge of neighboring tribes when transferring abstract and specific meanings from one language to another.
Analysis of lexico-semantic and stylistic means of expressing verb tense in Russian and English
Authors: Zakirova Elena S. , Samorodova Ekaterina A. , Kobylarek Aleksander
Published: July 2022

Time, being a philosophical and logical category, is one of the main forms of the existence of matter. Also, time is a universal form of successive change of phenomena. From the standpoint of linguistics, the linguistic category of tense is a grammatical-lexical category with its forms and units for nouns, verbs, adjectives, numerals and adverbs. Tense as a category of personal forms of the verb and its stem is a grammatical and lexical category that is inherent in all verbs (which is the grammatical parameter of the category) and is somewhat different for each verb individually due to its formal and semantic features (which is the lexical parameter of the category). The subject of this article is tense as a lexical and grammatical category. The authors carry out a semantic, idio-stylistic and comparative analysis of the lexico-semantic field of the category of tense in Russian and English using observational methods, continuous sampling of lexical units, linguistic description and comparative analysis.
Semiotization of power in the French kings’ ceremonial portraits: linguophilosophical approach
Authors: Vikulova Larissa G. , Baranova Ksenia M. , Merkulova Mayya G. , Borbotko Liudmila A. , Vasileva Ekaterina G.
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the present article is to prove that the royal gala portrait makes a semiotic space, the signs of which form the image of supreme power. External symbols of monarchical power serve as the means of power semiotization in the ceremonial royal portrait. The linguophilosophical approach to the power allowed us to identify and describe the semantic characteristic of the symbolic side of power. The sword, the scepter, the Hand of Justice, and the crown symbolize three branches of power that the king received from God, particularly, religious, political, and judicial power. The methodological basis of the work is a systematic approach, which includes interdisciplinary research as well as linguo-cultural and historiographic analysis. By interpreting the signs presented in the J. Clouet’s portrait of François I, in the T. de Leu’s engraving of Henry IV, king of France and Navarre, and in the G. Rigo’s portrait of Louis XIV in the coronation costume, the authors reveal the pragmatic dimension of the semiosis of power and the court culture. The research results in the emphasis of the idea that the state destination of the symbolic representation of the monarch is to visualize the power institution.
Culturally anchored lexical units in modern foreign language teaching
Authors: Jaskot Maciej , Wojakowska Marta , Sosnowski Wojciech
Published: July 2022

The question of interculturality and the plurilingual and pluricultural competence connected with it is often found at the heart of contemporary language learning debate. The documents drafted by the Council of Europe seem to reflect this fact. Nowadays, language teachers face the challenge of designing a lesson unit which not only contains and practises all aspects of the language but also develops all skills and competences through the process of so-called integrated learning. Language teaching and learning is coupled with cultural and linguistic anthropology which is often termed as anthropological approach in language teaching. The approach calls on the term: cultureme which denotes language items present in any language class material whose cultural embedding requires a more extensive semantic and pragmatic commentary. The methods, means and techniques employed within the eclectic teaching framework aim to eliminate a learner’s ethnocentric attitude and existing stereotypes which leads to the development of the plurilingual and pluricultural competence. Our research relies on our extensive experience acquired in the plurilingual and multicultural environment of 30 nationalities and 160 students of the College of Europe in Natolin while teaching Romance (French, Spanish, Italian) and Slavonic languages (Russian, Polish, Ukrainian).
Interlanguage interference: Multilevel linguocognitive approach
Authors: Тameryan Tatiana Yu. , Zyubina Irina A. , Chupryna Olga G. , Borisenko Viktoriya A. , Yakovenko Tatiana I.
Published: July 2022

The article highlights several cognitive, psychological, and linguistic issues, reflecting the problems of the Russian language acquisition by the foreign students in the natural environment. The study is based on modern interpretations of language contacts and the specifics of intercultural communication, multilingualism, and communication studies. The study uses the techniques of a psycholinguistic experiment, a sociolinguistic survey, lexico-semantic and contextual analysis techniques, as well as various approaches to describing speech mistakes because of interlanguage interference. The material for the article was the data of the foreign informants' written survey in the multilingual environment of the host region. In the bilingual Russian-English questionnaire, it was required to justify the choice of the country, the university of study, difficulties in completing educational programs. The survey involved the foreigners who are at different stages of the Russian language acquisition. The main objective of the study was to establish the leading channels of the Russian language perception and to describe the interfering influence of the native languages and dialects of the Hindus, as well as international English, on the language of the host country acquisition. On the text fragments and individual statements, the directions of interlanguage interference were shown, its leading types were identified – phonetic, phonemic, grapheme, morphological and lexical. The role of the English language as an intermediary in the process of the new language acquisition has been established. The performed analysis confirmed the leading position in the sensory system of the auditory perception channel, prevailing over visual perception. There is a tendency to contamination of written and oral speech, compression, and the use of abbreviations; interlanguage interference at the semantic-cognitive, phonetic, phonemic, grapheme, phonemic-grapheme, morphological and lexical levels of the native languages and partially English. The strategy of using Internet translation and literal translation from English into Russian, represented as the author’s text in Russian, is determined. The survey showed that at an advanced level of the Russian language proficiency, the most problematic is the semantic differentiation of single-root lexemes formed prefixally.
Who are you, Mr. Russian preposition?
Authors: Klobukova Lyubov P. , Vinogradova Ekaterina N.
Published: July 2022

In this article, a portrait of Russian prepositions as a part of speech is presented. The analysis of grammars and dictionaries has shown that there is no certain list of Russian prepositions and that the image of this part of speech is quite blurry. The author reveals the main “prepositional” blank spots for Russian linguistics: the fast growth of preposition-like units, the lack of objective criteria to separate prepositions and non-prepositions, and a disputable academic (traditional) classification of prepositions. Some feasible solutions for overcoming these research difficulties are suggested, such as the use of descriptive terms and a notion of field, revision of syncategorematic parts of speech and prepositional classifications, as well as searching for reliable tests for membership in prepositions.
Lexical innovations in social discourse
Authors: Gagarina Oksana , Goncharova Maria , Mikhaylova Marina
Published: July 2022

The article studies an important social project "Word of the Year", which originated in Germany in 1971, and has been held regularly since 1977. The relevance of this study is due to the growing interest in sociolinguistics and the increasing influence of socio-political changes on the enrichment of the composition of the language. An attempt is made to analyze social discourse of recent years based on the words selected by the German Language Society and Oxford Languages as Word of the Year in 2015-2020. The criteria for selecting the words of the year are discussed. A comparative analysis of the social discourse of Germany and Great Britain was carried out and the most relevant topics reflecting the mood of society were selected, as well as the manifestation of these moods in lexical innovations. The main thematic word clusters are given, similarities and differences of German and British social discourse are discussed. Specific attention is paid to the analysis of lexical innovations reflecting the most sensitive topics of the year gone by, which has determined the social and political discourse. A comparative analysis of the innovations of German and English dictionaries showed that the most common topics for the two language communities were politics, ecology, and legal issues. The most significant topic of 2020 was the coronavirus pandemic, which was reflected in the appearance of lexical innovations nominating a new reality. A hypothesis was also put forward about which lexical units could take a firm place in the language, and which appeared only occasionally.
Effect of Iron Superoxide and Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles Alone and Combined with Coenzyme Q10 on hsa_circ_0001518 Expression in Breast Tumor-bearing BALB/c Mice
Authors: Ganjipour Ghazaleh , Heshmati Masomeh , Hashemi Mehrdad , Entezari Maliheh
Published: July 2022

Background: Breast cancer is considered the second prevailed type of cancer among women. Circular RNAs are a group of non-coding RNAs that play a significant role in tumorigenesis and the progression of malignancies. This study aimed to determine the inhibitory concentration (IC50) of iron superoxide (Fe2O3) and nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles and coenzyme Q10 (Q10) antioxidant against 4T1 cell line and their single and combination treatment effect on hsa_circ_0001518 expression in healthy and breast tumor mice.
Methods: The 4T1 cell line was cultivated and treated with Fe2O3 (50, 100, 150, and 200 μg/mL) and NiO (10, 20, 30, and 40 μg/mL) nanoparticles, and Q10 antioxidant (20, 60, 80, and 100 μg/mL) for 48 hours. Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay. The expression of hsa_circ_0001518 after treatment with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of all single and combined antioxidant and NPs in healthy and breast tumor-bearing mice were evaluated by qRT-PCR.
Results: The IC50 of Fe2O3 and NiO nanoparticles and Q10 antioxidant after 48h was 92.42 μg/mL, 21.49 μg/mL, and 83.47 μg/mL, respectively. The qRT-PCR results showed that combined treatment with antioxidant and NPs caused a more significant downregulation in the expression of has_circ1518 in breast tumor-bearing mice than either agent alone. In addition, combined treatment with antioxidant and NPs caused a more significant downregulation in the expression of has_circ1518 in breast tumor-bearing mice than either agent alone.
Conclusion: This study suggests that the combined treatment of Fe2O3 and NiO nanoparticles with Q10 could be exploited as a potential source for developing novel drugs against breast cancer.
The Incidence of Clinical Covid-19 Infection in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy During the Two First Waves in a University Hospital in Iran
Authors: Kazemian Ali , Ghalehtaki Reza , Rezaei Saeed , Soleymanian Fatemeh , Mohammadi Negin , Aghili Mahdi , Mousavi Darzikolaee Nima , Esmati Ebrahim
Published: July 2022

Background and Objective: During the COVID-19 epidemic, concerns about cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy have increased because of the numerous hospital visits, which may increase the risk of contracting COVID-19. We aimed to investigate the incidence of COVID-19 among patients visiting our radiation oncology department during the first and second peaks of the epidemic.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included all patients who underwent radiotherapy from November 2019 to September 2020. We contacted the patients and asked if they had COVID-19 during this time and how they were diagnosed. Clinical signs and a positive PCR test were acceptable as COVID-19 diagnostic criteria. We also gathered cancer and treatment status data from the patients’ records in the ward medical library. This study was approved by the institutional review board and ethics committee (code: IR.TUMS.VCR.REC.1399.104).
Results: During the study period, 687 patients were admitted to our radiation oncology ward. The patients’ median age was 55 (IQR: 44-65), of whom 424 (61.7%) were females. Twenty-three (3.3%) patients developed COVID-19, 15 (65.2%) of whom were diagnosed with clinical symptoms and 8 (34.8%) with PCR. Twelve and 11 patients contracted COVID-19 in the first and second epidemic peaks, respectively. Even though no patients with skin cancer or sarcomas of the bone or soft tissue contracted COVID-19, the highest frequency of COVID-19 was seen among patients with intrathoracic or lung cancer with 38 times the odds of patients with head and neck cancer to develop COVID-19. Highly susceptible patients were those with hematologic and upper gastrointestinal (GI) and gynecologic cancers, respectively. We found a significant association between intrathoracic (mainly lung) cancers and infection with COVID-19 (P-value = 0.02).
Conclusion: Patients undergoing intrathoracic cancer radiotherapy are at a higher risk of developing COVID-19. We believe these patients should be prioritized in cancer patients’ screening, case-finding, or vaccination programs.
Anticancer Effects of Copper (II) Hydrazone Schiff Base Complex: A review
Authors: Fekri Roghayeh , Abdolmaleki Arash , Asadi Asadollah , Salehi Mehdi , Karimian Aida , Taghizadehmomen Leila , Raheem Rehab K. , Karimian Lia
Published: July 2022

Cancer treatment has traditionally consisted of established treatments such as radiation, surgical excision, and chemotherapy, which can be used alone or in combination. Many therapeutic factors have been extracted from minerals, plants, and animals. The majority of them have been synthesized in the lab, making them a valuable source of innovation pharmacologically. A growing interest in metal complexes in cancer treatment is due to their cytotoxic effects in vitro. The electronic nature of metals, modifications in ligands, and conformational changes in functional groups give rise to the discovery of drugs with different cytotoxic and pharmacokinetic properties. In recent decades, the number of people receiving chemotherapy has increased considerably. Medicinal inorganic chemistry can take advantage of the unique properties of metal ions to generate new drugs. This has prompted chemists to use various approaches to create novel metal-based anticancer drugs with various mechanisms of action, which are significant in the pharmaceutical industry due to their potent anticancer properties. Schiff base ligands and transition metals are the most researched coordination chemicals. Their applications as anticancer medicines are becoming more significant. This review analyzes various publications on copper complexes based on Schiff base hydrazone ligand in cancer treatment.
COVID-19; History, Taxonomy, and Diagnostic Molecular and Immunological Techniques
Authors: Taghizadeh Sara , Behjati Farkhondeh
Published: July 2022

In recent years, viral epidemics such as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have spread, and this outbreak is thought to be the result of animal-to-human transmission. Hence, accurate diagnostic tests to detect COVID-19 and antiviral antibodies in infected individuals are of utmost importance. This report describes the structure, history, taxonomy, and molecular and immunological techniques for diagnosing this disease. Tests for early diagnosis of COVID-19 depend on the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). However, tests based on isothermal amplification and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based methods are promising options. Identifying people whose activated antibodies require serological tests, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The search for efficient, cost-effective, and accurate laboratory techniques that can be used on a large scale continues. The RT-PCR technique is a dominant technique for the detection of viral RNA. Other acidic nucleic-based assays such as isothermal amplification, microarray hybridization, amplicon-based metagenomics sequencing, and CRISPER-based techniques have been developed. Along with molecular methods, different efficient serological and immunological methods such as ELISA, rapid antigen test, lateral flow immunoassay, luminescent Immunoassay, and biosensors are also developed.
The Comparison of the Point-of-Care Serum Procalcitonin Assay Method with the BRAHMS Certified Method
Authors: Ozdemir Ali Volkan , Mizrak Soycan , Akaağaç Arzu Etem
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims: As a method for the diagnosis and management of sepsis, the serum procalcitonin assay is routinely used, especially in the emergency department (ED) and intensive care units (ICU). Procalcitonin has reasonable diagnostic accuracy for bacteremia in hospitalized patients of all age groups with suspected infection or sepsis. This study aimed to compare the Getein Biotech procalcitonin point of care method with the ADVIA Centaur® BRAHMS serum procalcitonin method.
Materials and Methods: Linearity,recovery, accuracy, and imprecision studies were carried out to evaluate the analytical performance. Bland-Altman plots and Passing-Bablok regression analysis were used to compare patient results. The Kappa test assessed the concordance between the results at cut-off levels of 0.5ng/mL and 2.0ng/mL.
Results: In the linearity study performed by obtaining serial dilutions from high and low-level serum pools, the regression equations were "y=-0.03(-0.07 to 0.05)+1.01(0.7 to 1.08)x" and "y=0.463(-1.16 to 2.01)+0.912(0.72 to 1.04)x" respectively. There is no deviation from linearity with the Cusum test (p=0.99 and 0.57). Average recovery value:86%. The CV% values of Control Level-1,2 were 3.75% and 4.2%. 0.1-50.0ng/ml range shows deviation from linearity determined by Cusum test (p=0.01). There was no deviation from linearity in the range of 0.1-2.0ng/ml (p=0.42). Kappa values were calculated as 0.864 and 0.800 (p<0.001).
Conclusions: Getein1600 Procalcitonin test should be used for triage or screening purposes. However, a high constant error and deviation from linearity detected at high concentrations indicate that this test should not be used to initiate an antibiotic therapy or alter the current therapy course.
Nutritional Status, Serum Proteins, and Some Trace Elements in HIV Drug-Naive Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Chukwuemeka Ugwu Michael , Ikechi Ogbu Innocent , Amalachukwu Mbachu Nancy , Kendabie Perekeme Frank , Christian Ike Ozoemena
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims: This cross-sectional study examined the nutritional status, serum proteins, and some trace elements in human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) drug-naive patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Material and Methods: Twenty-five drug-naive subjects, 25 subjects on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), and 20 control subjects aged 21 to 65 years were conveniently recruited. Serum total protein, albumin, and hemoglobin were assayed spectrophotometrically. In contrast, iron, copper, zinc, and selenium were assayed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. CD4 count was done by Flow Cytometry. Then, the nutritional assessment was performed using a subjective global assessment questionnaire.
Results: Weight, body mass index, and mid-upper arm circumference were significantly lower (p = 0.000) in the drug-naive HIV subjects than in subjects on HAART and control. Serum total protein and copper were significantly higher (p = 0.000) in drug-naive HIV subjects compared to subjects on HAART and control. In contrast, albumin, globulin, albumin-globulin ratio, hemoglobin, iron, zinc, and selenium were significantly lower (p = 0.000) in drug-naive HIV subjects compared to HIV subjects on HAART and control subjects. The CD4 count of drug-naive HIV subjects was significantly lower (p = 0.000) compared to subjects on HAART. In addition, malnutrition was higher in the drug-naive subjects.
Conclusions: Monitoring the course of HIV infection and malnutrition can be aided by incorporating measurements of nutritional status and some trace elements into routine laboratory tests.
Evaluation of the Effect of Curcumin and Imatinib on BCR-ABL Expression Gene in Chronic Human k562 Cells
Authors: Gholamzadeh Virany Zahra , Bagheri Parisa , Hajebi Khaniki Saeedeh , Chehreghani Zahra , Rahimi Hamid Reza
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims: Detection of overexpression in tumor-inhibiting genes provides valuable information for leukemia diagnosis and prognosis. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a stem cell disorder determined by a well-defined genetic anomaly involving BCR-ABL translocation in the Philadelphia chromosome. Curcumin is a chemo-preventive agent for the primary cancer targets, such as the breast, prostate, lung, stomach, duodenum, colon cancers, and leukemias. Imatinib (Gleevec®, Glivec®) is a synthetic tyrosine kinase inhibitor that treats CML. This study aimed to investigate Curcumin and Imatinib's effect on K562, a human CML cell line that expresses p210 BCR-ABL.
Materials and Methods: In this study, Curcumin nanomicelles and Imatinib's apoptotic effects on the K562 cells and the expression of BCR-ABL were studied. BCR-ABL gene expression was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Results: The findings indicated a decrease in the desired gene expression, but the BCR-ABL gene expression of the samples treated with Curcumin nanomicelles did not differ significantly from Imatinib (group control). The amount fold change of the BCR-ABL gene for Imatinib and Curcumin nanomicelle was 0.497 and 0.540, respectively.
Conclusions: The present study showed that treating cellular category k562 with Curcumin nanomicelle and Imatinib reduces the BCR-ABL gene expression. Also, data showed that the Curcumin nanomicelle and Imatinib induced the apoptotic process.
Evaluación computacional del compartimiento de carga de una aeronave liviana, usando software libre
Authors: Jaramillo Suárez Héctor Enrique , Jiménez Cuero Brian Quintero , Ortega Cabrera Iván Orlando , Ríos Chaparro Carlos Enrique , Zambrano Romero Gustavo Adolfo
Published: July 2022

Este documento presenta la evaluación estructural del cuerpo de una aeronave ligera de categoría vla (masa máxima al despegue inferior o igual a 1200 kg), usando sofware de dinámica computacional de fluidos (CDF) para evaluar el comportamiento aerodinámico de la aeronave y el método de elementos finitos para evaluar su comportamiento estructural. Para su evaluación estructural la aeronave se dividió en cabina, cuerpo y superficies de vuelo (alas y empenaje). Los modelos completos de la aeronave fueron extraídos del modelo cad, elaborado con el sofware SolidWorks® para cada uno de los subcomponentes de la cabina, el cuerpo y las alas y el empenaje. A partir de los cálculos y simulaciones hechas, se concluyó que la estructura central de la aeronave soporta las fuerzas y momentos aerodinámicos, con valores de esfuerzos por debajo de los valores de fluencia del material y factores de seguridad entre 1.58 y 2.60. Sin embargo, se necesita reforzar la unión del ala al fuselaje para que disminuya el esfuerzo localizado que se produce en esa zona. A diferencia de otros métodos reportados en la literatura que utilizan programas muy especializados y de altos costos, el procedimiento para evaluar la aerodinámica y la estructura central de una aeronave liviana categoría VLA que se desarrolló en este estudio, hizo uso de programas de dominio público, en alrededor de 80 % en el proceso de análisis.
Effect of Drought Condition on the Peduncle Mobilization and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors:   Department of Botany, Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak, Ram Kirpa
Published: July 2022

Drought is the major abiotic stress world widely thwart the crops growth and development year by year. Every growth stage of wheat from vegetative to reproductive stages effect by the water scarcity. Keeping in the view present investigation was planned with four wheat genotype viz., AKAW-3717, C-306, DHTW-60 and KUNDAN with three replicas at the pot house of IAHM Jat college, Rohtak with complete randomized design. Drought application showed statistical significant reduction in crop phenological attributes, relative water content, peduncle reserve mobilization, biomass plant-1 (g), grain weight spike-1 (g), grain yield plant-1 (g) and Test Weight (g). Genotype DHTW-60 was found minimum in yield forfeit under both irrigated and non-irrigated condition. Therefore, it can be utilised for further study and cultivation in water scarcity areas.
Saccharification of Used Paper Cup for Ethanol Production by Yeast Isolate
Authors:   Department of Botany, Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak- 124021, Ram Kirpa
Published: July 2022

The main aim of this work was to develop an effective method for pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification of cellulose and hemicellulose components into fermentable sugars, as well as fermentation of the hydrolysate to bioethanol by new yeast isolates. YAJ-2M (3.2%), YCJ-1 (3.4%) and YAJ-2M 11 (5.6%) produced maximum ethanol. UV- induction responsible for genetic improvement of yeast isolates for ethanol production. Pretreatment of paper with alkali- acid reduced the lignin content from 25% to 14.3%. Maximum liberation of reducing sugars (168.7 μg/ml) was attained at 50°C for 96 hours at 150 rpm using enzyme dose of 20 U/g in alkali-acid (sodium hydroxide-orthophosphoric acid) pretreated paper cup. Fermentation of hydrolysate paper by yeast isolates (YAJ-1 M2 11 mutant) at 30°C, pH 4.7, 150 rpm and resulted in 1% ethanol after 96 h. Present investigation was found mutant YAJ-1 M2 11 produced highest ethanol concentration in hydrolysed paper than other tested mutant.
Survey for Immune Response and Allergic Reactions in Individuals with Covid Vaccination at Kannur District, Kerala, India
Authors:   Department of Biology, Amrita Vidyalayam, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, Gupta Seema
Published: July 2022

Vaccination is a boon for humans as it prevents the microbes to cause disease. In the similar aspect it is important to know the immunoresponse generated by the administered vaccine. Such a study may help to improve the performance of vaccines and thereby to understand its suitability for individuals of various age group and physiological conditions. A Survey of individuals for COVID-19 vaccination from the Kannur district of Kerala from India is reflecting that most of the individuals are showing immune response post vaccination by Covishield and Covaxin. Different types of immunoresponse such as fever, headache, body pain, vomiting and nausea are observed. However, few individuals are not showing any above type of immunoresponse. Also, vaccinations are given mostly to an individual without knowledge of medical history or physiology.
Active Participation and Provision of Reservation for SC/ ST/ Women in Panchayath Raj Institutions
Authors:   Department of Home Science, S.V. University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India, Sunkara Rajeswari
Published: July 2022

The panchayats are expected to play an important role in rural development in India, particularly after independence. They were empowering the rural population to participate in rural development programs for improving their quality of life. The study was conducted in the Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh, where a total of 100 rural respondents were selected through simple random sampling technique. The objective of the study is to know the socio-economic status of the respondents, involvement of respondents in party politics and reservation status of SC&STs in panchayat raj institutions. Results indicated that half (50%) of the respondents have belonged to the age group of 18-25 years, illiterates (68%), males (56%) and nuclear family type (67%). The majority (72%) of the respondents possessed 1-3 acres of land, 49 per cent of the respondent's occupations were agriculture and (71%) monthly income was from 1rs to 25,000 rs. Most (88%) of the respondents were not involved in party politics. While 60 per cent of the respondents accepted, to some extent, the provision of reservations for SC/ST/Women. The result of the study concluded that the majority of the women were not interested in participating in party politics and also any rural development activity because of the patriarchal society.
Improving Depression Screening in Primary Care
Authors: Lindsay Marlene , Decker Veronica B.
Published: July 2022

Background

Depression is a serious problem in the United States. It not only impacts chronic illness and healthcare utilization, but it can also result in death, intentional or unintentional. Despite the seriousness associated with depression, it continues to be underdiagnosed and undertreated. The primary care setting provides an ideal location to screen and initiate treatment for depression in individuals who would otherwise not be screened.

Objective

The objective of this evidence-based practice project was to improve the diagnosis and treatment of depression in an adult primary care office.

Method

An intervention consisting of a HealthWatcher reminder for depression screening, the administration of the PHQ-9 instrument, and a treatment algorithm was incorporated into the office workflow. The charts of a pre-intervention random sample were compared to a post-intervention random sample to test for significant differences in depression screening and treatment rates.

Results

Using the chi-squared test, the post-intervention sample screening rate was significantly higher than pre-intervention sample rate (90% vs 23.3%; χ2= 54.3,df= 1,P< .000).

Conclusion/Implications

It is feasible to improve the diagnosis and treatment of depression for adult primary care patients by modifying office protocols and using the PHQ-9 screening instrument and a treatment algorithm.
Nurturing Hope and Well-Being Among Survivors of Domestic Violence Within the Family Justice Center Model
Authors: Hellman Chan M. , Gwinn Casey , Strack Gael , Burke Michael , Munoz Ricky T. , Brady Shane R. , Aguirre Natalia , Aceves Yesenia
Published: July 2022

Family Justice Centers (FJCs) represent a multi-disciplinary coordinated approach co-located to serve survivors of domestic violence. This study examined the change in hope and well-being among 130 survivors receiving domestic violence services through seven FJCs. Using a pretest, posttest design, Analyses of Variance results indicated that survivors exhibited robust increases in hope, emotional well-being, and flourishing. Correlational analyses showed that survivor defined goal success has important relationships with hope and well-being. Finally, hierarchical regression analyses revealed hope contributed unique variance of survivor flourishing over-and-above survivor defined success and emotional well-being. These findings are discussed in the context that hope may be an important coping resource for survivors of domestic violence and offers a common conceptual framework for FJCs.
Emotion Regulation Mediates Posttraumatic Growth and Cluster B Personality Traits After Childhood Trauma
Authors: Carter Laura , Brooks Matthew , Graham-Kevan Nicola
Published: July 2022

Objectives

Cluster B personality disorder traits and positive psychological change, known as posttraumatic growth (PTG), are both possible outcomes following childhood trauma. However, existing research has not yet explored whether emotion regulation difficulties can simultaneously explain these negative and positive changes.

Method

A sample of childhood trauma survivors (N = 223) provided responses to an online survey, with findings assessed using structural equation modeling techniques.

Results

Emotion regulation difficulties were found to mediate between childhood trauma severity and cluster B traits (abcs = −.05), and between childhood trauma severity and PTG (abcs = .13), with small to medium indirect effects. The final model accounted for more variance in cluster B traits (56%) than PTG (10%).

Conclusions

Emotion regulation is therefore a key mediator of positive and negative psychological changes and should be the focus of intervention efforts among childhood trauma survivors.