bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretimi Ders Kitaplarındaki Okuma Metinlerine Ait Soruların İncelenmesi
Authors: SALLABAŞ Furkan
Published: May 2023

Bu çalışmada Yeni İstanbul Uluslararası Öğrenciler İçin Türkçe öğretim setindeki okuma metinlerine ait anlama soruları incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın inceleme nesnelerini 2020 yılında yayımlanan Yeni İstanbul Uluslararası Öğrenciler İçin Türkçe A1-A2-B1-B2-C1 seviye ders kitapları oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında 89 okuma metni ve 368 soru tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen sorular; soru türlerine, cevap kaynaklarına ve Barrett Taksonomisi’ne göre incelenmiştir. Araştırmada belirlenen kategorilerdeki soruların analizi için nitel veri analiz türü olan içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre ders kitaplarındaki okuma metinlerine ait sorular; soru türü bakımından en fazla kısa cevaplı, soruların cevap kaynağına göre en sık cevabı metin içinde soruların olduğu ve Barrett Taksonomisi’ne göre en fazla basit anlama düzeyinde soruların kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen bulgulardan hareketle soruların dağılımında bir denge olduğunu söylemek mümkün değildir.
Abernethy malformation: A case report
Authors: Panyukova Alexandra V. , Sinitsyn Valentin E. , Mershina Elena A. , Rucheva Natalya A.
Published: May 2023

Congenital portosystemic shunts are rare congenital vascular malformations characterized by a partial or complete portal blood diversion into the systemic circulation. Congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts, known as Abernethy malformations, pose a diagnostic challenge due to their low incidence and clinical presentations.
A 15-year-old male with a history of chronic epigastric pain and nausea, high arterial blood pressure, recurrent nose bleeds, chest pain, dizziness, dyspnea, low exercise tolerance, hematochezia, and itching was diagnosed with Abernethy malformation type Ib. Imaging studies revealed a dilated portal vein conduit flowing into the inferior vena cava, bypassing the porta hepatis. Multiple liver nodules, heart chamber dilatation, myocardial hypertrophy, and pulmonary hypertension were also discovered. Following multidisciplinary panel meetings, liver transplantation was advised due to the severity of the patients symptoms and shunt anatomy.
Furthermore, diagnostic algorithms and other treatment options are discussed.
Review of population history reconstruction methods in conservation biology
Authors: Totikov Azamat A. , Tomarovsky Andrey A. , Yakupova Aliya R. , Graphodatsky Alexander S. , Kliver Sergei F.
Published: May 2023

Demographic history reconstruction is based on the estimation of effective population size (Ne), which is inferred and interpreted in various fields of evolutionary and conservation biology. Interest in Ne estimation is growing, as the key evolutionary forces and their are linked to Ne, and genetic data become increasingly accessible. However, what is effective population size, and how can we obtain an estimate of effective population size? In this review, we describe the history of the term Ne and explore existing methods for obtaining historical and contemporary estimates of changes in effective population size. We provide a detailed overview of methods based on sequential Markovian coalescence (SMC), generalized phylogenetic coalescence (G-PhoCS), identity by descent (IBD) and identity by state (IBS) similarity, as well as methods using allele frequency spectrum (AFS). For each method, we briefly summarize the underlying theory and note its advantages and disadvantages. In the final section of the review, we present examples of the use of these methods for various non-model species with conservation status.
Differential distribution of 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine in human spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa
Authors: Efimova Olga A. , Krapivin Mikhail I. , Parfenyev Sergey E. , Mekina Irina D. , Komarova Evgeniia M. , Ishchuk Mariia A. , Tikhonov Andrei V. , Kogan Igor Yu. , Golubeva Arina V. , Daev Eugene V. , Gzgzyan Aleksander  M. , Bespalova Olesya N. , Pendina Anna A.
Published: May 2023

Background. The epigenome of gametes is formed under the control of the developmental programme and the influence of environmental factors. How cytosine oxidation patterns are formed and altered in human spermatogenesis remains obscure so far.
The aim of the study was to assess 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) patterns in human spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa.
Materials and Methods. The study was performed on testicular biopsy samples of 10 azoospermic patients and ejaculate samples of 5 sperm donors and 8 patients from infertile couples. The microscope slides were prepared for further indirect immunofluorescence to detect 5fC and 5caC and FISH to determine spermatogenic cell ploidy.
Results. 5fC and 5caC were undetectable in mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of spermatogenic cells, and was present exclusively in some spermatogonia and spermatid interphase nuclei as well as in some ejaculated spermatozoa. The frequency of spermatozoa with 5fC and 5caC varied in a wide range and was higher in patients than in sperm donors (p=0,007, p=0,028). The increase in frequency of spermatozoa with 5fC and 5caC was accompanied with the decrease in frequency of morphologically normal and progressively motile spermatozoa.
Conclusions. 5fC and 5caC are differentially distributed in human spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa. The immunocytochemically detected increase of 5fC and 5caC in individual spermatozoa is most likely induced by oxidative stress caused by effects of internal and external factors rather than developmental programme. The evaluation of 5fC and 5caC in spermatozoa can be potentially used as an additional criterion of ejaculate quality.
Pengembangan Monopoli Bahasa Arab untuk Pembelajaran Kosakata Kelas IX Madrasah Tsanawiyah
Authors: Larasati Ariyani Dwi , Ahsanuddin Mohammad
Published: May 2023

Monopoli bahasa Arab untuk pembelajaran kosakata merupakan hasil modifikasi dari monopoli bergambar berbagai negara menjadi kartu kosakata bahasa Arab. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini men-deskripsikan pengembangan dan kelayakan monopoli bahasa Arab untuk pembelajaran kosakata kelas IX MTs. Dengan metode penelitian dan pengembangan yang bertujuan menghasilkan dan menguji kelayakan produk. Menggunakan model ADDIE  yang meliputi tahap analisis dengan me-wawancarai guru bahasa Arab dan perwakilan siswa kelas IX MTs Darussalam untuk memperoleh informasi permasalahan tentang kosakata. Tahap desain,  peneliti membuat prototipe monopoli ba-hasa Arab untuk pembelajaran kosakata. Tahap pengembangan, peneliti mengembangkan prototipe hingga menjadi produk cetak dan memvalidasinya kepada guru bahasa Arab MTs Darussalam, ahli materi dan ahli media. Tahap implementasi, peneliti melakukan uji coba kepada 20 siswa kelas IX MTs. Adapun hasil pengembangan monopoli bahasa Arab untuk pembelajaran kosakata yaitu papan monopoli, daftar pertanyaan, petunjuk permainan, kunci jawaban dan hasil kelayakan monopoli 94 persen aspek materi dan 94 persen aspek media dari guru bahasa Arab MTs Darussalam, 88 persen dari ahli materi, 90,6 persen dari ahli media dan setelah melakukan uji coba 96,6 persen dari 20 respon siswa kelas IX MTs Darussalam, serta peningkatan nilai rata-rata siswa dari 50 menjadi 80. Sehingga Monopoli bahasa Arab untuk pembelajaran kosakata kelas IX Madrasah Tsanawiyah sangat layak sebagai media pembelajaran.
Kata kunci:  monopoli; pembelajaran kosakata; bahasa Arab; Madrasah Tsanawiyah; ADDIE
The Development of Arabic Monopoly for Vocabulary Learning for Class IX  Islamic Junior High School
The monopoly of Arabic for vocabulary learning modifies various countries’ images to be vocabulary cards. The research aims to describe the development and eligibility of the Arabic monopoly for vocabulary learning class IX MTs. Research methods are research and development to produce and test the eligibility of products, using the ADDIE model with analyze part is the researcher interviewed an Arabic teacher and a student of class IX MTs for information of the problem. Design,  the researcher made a prototype. Development, the researcher developed prototype to be product and validated it to Arabic teacher, material expert, and media expert. Implementation, the researchers conducted trials on 20 students IX MTs. And the results of development of the Arabic monopoly for vocabulary learning is a monopoly boards, question lists, game clues, answer keys and the eligibility results were 94 percent of MTs Darussalam Arabic teachers, 88 percent of material experts, 90,6 percent of media experts and 96,6 percent of 20 responses of class IX MTs Darussalam students. There was an increase in the average score of students from 50 to 80. So the monopoly of Arabic for vocabulary learning class IX MTs deserves to be as a learning medium.
Keywords: monopoly; vocabulary learning; Arabic language; junior high school; ADDIE
Compromiso del Estado frente a la protección social en salud de las etnias
Authors: Restrepo Pimienta Jorge , Hernández-Fernández Lissette , Cruz Mahecha Diego
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo científico tiene como objetivo analizar la protección social en salud de las etnias en el marco de la Ley 100 de 1993 y la Ley 691 de 2001. La ruta metodológica se fundamenta en el enfoque cualitativo, de tipo documental hermenéutico, aplicando la técnica del análisis documental, y como instrumentos para la recolección de información la observación y la revisión bibliográfica. Entre los principales resultados destaca: El sobre diseño técnico administrativo que tiene el sistema de salud en Colombia constituye un obstáculo para la efectiva atención y acceso a la protección social en salud de las etnias; asimismo la escasa atención diferenciada en salud, ignorando costumbres ancestrales, características del entorno social y cultural de estos pueblos. La originalidad y aportes se centra en el abordaje socio jurídico del derecho público y la seguridad social en salud de las etnias, considerando particularidades sociodemográficas, fisiológicas, y elementos determinantes de la salud. Como conclusión es pertinente resaltar la tensión existente en la aplicación del régimen de la especial protección de las etnias en Colombia, por mandato constitucional y legal dentro del modelo de Estado Social de Derecho, que considera factores geográficos, socioculturales, políticos, sanitarios, financieros - administrativos, y la poca intervención del Estado en los contenidos de los planes obligatorios étnicos. Finalmente, es menester señalar la necesidad de realizar reformas a los planes obligatorios de salud adaptados a la diversidad biopsicosocial de las etnias.
ESCNNA asociado a viajes y turismo en pueblos indígenas en Colombia
Authors: Tirado Acero Misael , Monroy Quecán Giovanny , Rey Guerrero Diego Fernando , Charry Rojas Rodolfo
Published: May 2023

Un fenómeno creciente en el turismo es su asociación con la Explotación Sexual Comercial de Niños, Niñas y Adolescentes (ESCNNA), permeando este flagelo a los diferentes pueblos indígenas, siendo este delito de competencia de la Justicia Ordinaria (JO) y que deja como duda qué sucede al interior de algunas comunidades indígenas que han sido afectadas por esta problemática con sus Justicias Propias o Justicia Especial Indígena (JEI) frente a la prevalencia de los derechos de los niños y niñas víctimas, por lo cual siendo una necesidad y nuestro objetivo analizar en qué medida la explotación sexual comercial o no comercial de niños y niñas asociada a viajes y turismo, permea a pueblos indígenas en Colombia vulnerando la diversidad cultural interna presente en sus prácticas sexuales, esto metodológicamente conlleva la realiza de una revisión sistematizada de fuentes secundarias a fin de describir, interpretar y argumentar sobre el estado, alcance e importancia de la sinergia o complementariedad entre la JEI, y la JO, para poder establecer como aporte una consolidación de la materialización del garantismo jurídico en este grupo etáreo, en particular desde el amparo a su diversidad étnica y cultural, y el ensamble de la integridad sexual y reproductiva como derecho fundamental.
Воспитание и образование делового человека в России во второй половине XIX – XX века
Authors: Шапкарина Е.И.
Published: May 2023

В статье рассматриваются вопросы системы воспитания делового человека в России во второй половине XIX – XX века. Особое внимание уделяется системе образования в этом процессе. Приводятся примеры известных российских предпринимательских династий.
Взаимодействие со стейкхолдерами в условиях цифровой трансформации
Authors: Корякина П.П. , Шарикова А.А.
Published: May 2023

В условиях цифровой трансформации специалисты каждый день сталкиваются в работе с широким спектром программного обеспечения, открывающего большие возможности по улучшению существующих экономических процессов. Одним из ключевых этапов проектного управления является анализ и взаимодействие со стейкхолдерами, в процессе реализации которого специалистами могут быть задействованы разнообразные цифровые инструменты. Ввиду специфики каждого конкретного кейса набор инструментов будет иметь определенные ограничения, преимущества и недостатки.
«Спешите делать добро» – врач и гуманист Ф.П. Гааз
Authors: Баранов И.А. , Толгский М.В. , Долгов Г.В. , Савицкий А.Г. , Богданова Е.М. , Мамаева С.А.
Published: May 2023

В статье представлены сведения о жизни, работе и гуманистических взглядах русского врача немецкого происхождения Федора Петровича Гааза, имя которого связано с открытием первой в России больницы для арестантов, а также рядом других достижений отечественного здравоохранения.
Основоположник военной гинекологии профессор И. Ф. Жордания
Authors: Соболев Д.А. , Высоких И.С. , Долгов Г.В. , Неженцева Е.Л. , Кан А.В.
Published: May 2023

В статье представлены сведения о профессоре Иосифе Федоровиче Жордания (1895- 1962) – первом главном акушере-гинекологе Красной армии, заслуженном деятеле науки РСФСР, одним из основоположников военной гинекологии.
Автоматизация процессов идентификации объектов при помощи ERP и RFID систем на авиационном производстве
Authors: Лебедева Ю.С.
Published: May 2023

В данной научной статье рассматриваются вопросы автоматизации в сфере идентификации объектов по средствам ERP и RFID систем. Предлагается создание системы идентификации объектов оборудования, инженерной техники и их составных частей, применение методики интеграция цепи поставок, улучшенной за счет систем RFID и ERP.
Переводы Библии: лингвистический, религиозный и политический аспекты
Authors: Шапкарина Е.И.
Published: May 2023

В статье рассматривается история создания переводов Библии. Дается анализ причин и особенностей переводов. Выделяются основные аспекты проблемы.
Задачи актуария в страховой компании
Authors: Леонова О.В.
Published: May 2023

В статье рассматриваются задачи актуария, возникающие при работе в страховой компании и возможности использования вероятностных законов при распределении ущерба, оценки страховых резервов, повышении устойчивости компании.
Обусловленность выбора дискурсивных коннекторов противопоставления коммуникативной ситуацией
Authors: Молчанова С.Е.
Published: May 2023

Социальная роль, которую говорящий играет в той или иной коммуникативной ситуации, оказывает определённое влияние на его выбор речевых средств, в том числе дискурсивных коннекторов противопоставления. В докладе рассматривается употребления указанных единиц в речевых ситуациях с равными социальными ролями коммуникантов и в ситуациях с неравными социальными ролями коммуникантов.
Синтез-метод квалиметрической оценки диагностических уровней экологической емкости городов
Authors: Донченко В.К.
Published: May 2023

В докладе сформулированы принципы и описаны процедуры реализации синтез-метода квалиметрической оценки экологической емкости городов, характеризующей экологические условия жизни населения и экологические ограничения ведения хозяйственной и иной деятельности. Научная новизна предложенного синтез-метода заключается в использовании универсального квалиметрического модуля оценки диагностических уровней экологической емкости территорий (акваторий) в границах административно-территориальных образований и по конкретному городу в целом. В универсальном квалиметрическом модуле диапазоны числовых значений компонентных и интегральных композитных индексов для каждого диагностического уровня экологической емкости городских территорий (акваторий) представлены в символических и цветовых кодах, а также совмещены с соответствующими уровнями экологического риска. В докладе на примере районов условного города N показано практическое использование синтез-метода квалиметрической оценки экологической емкости городской среды за двадцатилетний период времени.
Аллерген-специфическая иммунотерапия (суббукальная, сублингвальная) в методике лечения аллергозов
Authors: Митковская О.А.
Published: May 2023

В статье представлен полный обзор методики лечения аллергозов .Рассмотрены все методы аллергенспецифической иммунотерапии,которые применяются несколько десятилетий. Анализируя исследования результатов аллерговакцинации за много лет приходим к выводу, что наиболее эффективно и безопасно это суббукальная, сублингвальная аллерген-специфическая иммунотерапия.
Un acercamiento a los bancos de biodiversidad: una alternativa para la inversión en conservación y protección de los recursos naturales
Authors: Villanueva Cáceres Gabriela Alejandra
Published: May 2023

Los recursos naturales pueden protegerse por medio de la implementación de diferentes mecanismos. Uno de estos y sobre el cual versa el presente artículo, son los bancos de biodiversidad. Estos últimos constituyen una medida privada de inversión que tiene como finalidad ayudar en la conservación de especies, hábitats y ecosistemas naturales. Cabe mencionar que los bancos de biodiversidad se han comenzado a implementar con bastante éxito en diferentes países extranjeros. En el presente texto, se analizará qué son los bancos de biodiversidad y cómo estos funcionan. Luego, se abordará la forma en cómo estos bancos han sido regulados e incorporados en ciertos países del extranjero. Finalmente, el artículo destaca los principales beneficios que podría generar la implementación de estos bancos en el caso peruano.
Molecular Characterization of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Serotype A from Mizoram
Authors: Dutta Satyabrat , Roychoudhury Parimal , Dutta Tapan Kumar , Konwar Nayanmoni , Sarkar Richa , Subudhi Prasant Kumar
Published: May 2023

Background: Foot and mouth disease virus serotype A has been reported from different states of India and is considered to be the third most commonly encountered serotype besides serotype O and Asia1. Serotype A viruses are most diverse in nature and have been globally grouped into 26 different types. Methods: Foot and mouth disease virus serotype A could be detected from an outbreak in Mizoram that occurred in April 2020. The virus could be confirmed by performing a polymerase chain reaction targeting the 5' UTR region and subsequent serotype-specific multiplex PCR. The full-length VP1 capsid protein gene of the virus could be amplified, cloned and sequenced. Result: Sequence analysis revealed the virus belonging to genotype VII of serotype A. Deduce amino acid sequence comparison it has been observed that the 144R-G-D146tripeptidein the G-H loop remains conserved. However, the present sequence (OL419371), when compared with the Indian vaccine strain of serotype-A(HM854025) as well as the 2001 Mizoram outbreak (AF390659) revealed 11 amino acid differences with the Indian vaccine strain and almost 36 amino acid differences with Mizoram 2001 isolate in different amino acid positions. This indicates the diverse nature of the virus within a geographical area.Background: Foot and mouth disease virus serotype A has been reported from different states of India and is considered to be the third most commonly encountered serotype besides serotype O and Asia1. Serotype A viruses are most diverse in nature and have been globally grouped into 26 different types.
A utilização do Instagram na extensão escolar do ensino médio: a experiência do Projeto Empodere-se
Authors: Silva Joselia Rita da , Salles Rafael Soares
Published: May 2023

O Empodere-se foi um projeto de pesquisa e extensão com foco em estudantes do ensino médio que teve como objetivo investigar e partilhar saberes ligados à igualdade de gênero e ao empoderamento de meninas no ambiente escolar. Inicialmente as atividades de extensão previstas no projeto seriam desenvolvidas de forma presencial, todavia, em razão das medidas de isolamento impostas pela covid-19 foi necessária a adaptação ao formato remoto. Após análises, optamos por usar a rede social Instagram para a partilha dos saberes, uma vez que, em especial, a população mais jovem tem se utilizado cada vez mais desse ambiente virtual para se informar, pesquisar, se divertir, interagir. O presente relato discute essa experiência do uso da rede social Instagram no desenvolvimento do projeto Empodere-se, que, por meio de uma metodologia que contou com análise dos dados de uso e interação na página do projeto em conjunto com a técnica de grupo focal da equipe, nos permitiu compreender que a mencionada rede social pode ser uma ferramenta importante na extensão escolar e que, aliada a formatos já utilizados, pode permitir novas conquistas a projetos extensionistas educacionais.
Feminativa w twórczości Bolesława Prusa
Authors: Wrzyszcz Alicja
Published: May 2023

Artykuł dokumentuje badania (głównie statystyczne i, wedle wiedzy autorki, pionierskie) nad leksyką feminatywną w twórczości Bolesława Prusa. Zawiera refleksję nad dawną produktywnością poszczególnych formantów tworzących struktury feminatywne, rekonstruowaną na podstawie leksyki wyizolowanej z dzieł pisarza, oraz próbę typologizacji tej leksyki. Ponadto czytelnik znajdzie w artykule wyniki dwóch analiz: nazw posesywnych, która dowiodła podwójnego znaczenia współtworzących je sufiksów, oraz nazw żeńskich delokatywnych, która dała asumpt do wywodu na temat mechanizmu derywacji równoległej. Autorka stworzyła korpus liczący 447 jednostek leksykalnych — na jego podstawie dokonała analiz i obliczeń oraz przeprowadziła rozważania o strukturalnych i niejako psychologicznych podstawach tworzenia feminatywnych nazw zwierząt.
Knowledge of physical education professionals and students about ADHD and its motor impairments
Authors: Bicalho Lucas E. , Castro Vítor E. B. , Couto-Fortuna Beatriz , Leão Sara E. S. A. , Junqueira Cristiani , Lage Guilherme M.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity and includes one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood. Despite the high prevalence, many professionals who work with children and adolescents with this disorder do not have enough knowledge on the subject. Physical education professionals deal directly with these children and need the knowledge to choose which skills and/or motor criteria to emphasize in their classes. However, issues related to neurodevelopmental disorders are not frequently addressed in the physical education courses, which impairs proper dealing with this population.
AIM: This study aims to verify the level of knowledge about ADHD and its motor impairments in professionals and students of physical education.
METHOD: A questionnaire was developed by researchers of motor behavior and was applied to professionals and students of physical education. The participants' responses were then analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics.
RESULTS: The results indicate that although the volunteers have basic notions about the subject, they do not have enough preparation to deal with children with ADHD.
CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the knowledge about ADHD is insufficient and a reformulation in the curriculum of physical education courses is recommended.
Successful surgical treatment of mediastinal lung hernia with a mesh implant. Consequent results
Authors: Tarasov R. V. , Krasnikova E. V. , Sadovnikova S. S. , Shergina E. A. , Chesalina Y. O. , Bagirov M. A.
Published: May 2023

An observation from practice is given – surgical treatment of mediastinal pulmonary hernia in a patient after pneumonectomy using the method of anterior mediastinal plastic surgery with a mesh implant with demonstration of long-term results.

The patient I. 31 years old was ill with pulmonary tuberculosis for 3 years, treatment was carried out, against which the stenosis of the left main bronchus progressed. The patient underwent endoscopic operations: argonoplasmic destruction of the left main bronchus, balloon dilation of the left main bronchus, with a temporary effect. Due to recurrent stenosis of the left main bronchus, a pneumonectomy was performed on the left. After 7 months, she complained of severe shortness of breath at rest. Computed tomography revealed a displacement of the mediastinal organs to the left, an upper-anterior pulmonary mediastinal hernia of the right lung to the left midclavicular line at the level of the anterior I-IV intercostals on the left. The patient underwent plastic surgery of the anterior mediastinum on the right using a polymer mesh implant. As a result of treatment, after 3 years, radiologically stable restoration of the position of the only right lung in its hemithorax. The patient is functionally compensated, shortness of breath is not observed. The patient has completely returned to her usual lifestyle.
Аortic arch atheroma as a source of arterio-arterial embolism and ischemic stroke
Authors: Ramazanov G. R. , Trofimova A. N. , Kovaleva E. A. , Shevchenko E. V.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Currently, despite the introduction of modern diagnostic algorithms in 20-40 % of patients with ischemic stroke, it is not possible to establish its cause. Potential causes of acute cerebral ischemia in patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke include paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, patent foramen ovale, atrial cardiomyopathy, carotid network, aortic arch atheroma, and cancer-associated thrombophilia.

Target: to systematize data on methods for diagnosing and preventing aortic arch atheroma.

Material and methods. The literature search was carried out in electronic search systems Scopus, eLibrary, PubMed using the key words: ischemic stroke, cryptogenic stroke, aortic arch atheroma, pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.

Results. At present, despite such a detailed study of therapeutic strategies for the prevention of recurrent thrombotic events in patients with aortic arch atheroma, none of the drugs has proven its advantage. Although the NAVIGATE ESUS and RESPECT ESUS trials did not show the superiority of oral anticoagulants over antiplatelet agents in preventing recurrent ischemic strokes in patients with cryptogenic stroke, it was found that cryptogenic ischemic stroke is heterogeneous, which requires a differentiated approach to secondary prevention.

Conclusion. Аortic atheroma can be the cause of embolic syndrome and cryptogenic stroke. The main methods for diagnosing aortic atheroma are transesophageal echocardiography and computed tomographic angiography. The therapeutic strategy for the treatment of aortic atheroma is lipid-lowering, antithrombotic therapy in combination with blockers of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Whole-body low-dose computed tomography in primary patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Danilina A. M. , Mendeleeva L. P. , Kostina I. E. , Gribanova E. O. , Ryzhko V. V. , Bal'zhanova Ya. B.
Published: May 2023

Imaging of bone lesions has an important role in diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM) and evaluating the response to treatment. Computed tomography scan (CT) allows to detect osteolysis, plasmacytoma and the risk of fractures with high sensitivity. In the National Research Center For Hematologysince 2014 all patients with MM are diagnosed with the whole-body low-dose CT.

The aim of the study was to demonstrate the sensitivity of the whole-body low-dose CT and to characterize localization, number and size of bone lesions in primary MM patients.

Materials and methods. 50 patients with newly diagnosed MM were enrolled in the study. The diagnosis was established in accordance with international diagnostic criteria. All patients received the whole-body low-dose CT. According to the Durie-Salmon and ISS staging systems 62% and 66% of patients had stage III, respectively.

Results. 96% of MM patients had bone lesions. In 30% of patients, bone involvement was the only criterion for CRAB. Pelvic bone lesions was most often diagnosed (92%). The destruction of the long bones of the arms and legs were most rarely detected (42% of patients) and mostly small. The presence of intraosseous plasmocytoma was noted in 40% of cases.

Conclusion. The whole-body low dose CT was found to be the most sensitive modality for detection osteolytic bone lesions. Low-dose CT is available in MM case with bone disease only, for establish symptomatic stage. This patients require immedate antimyeloma treatment.
Improvement of umbilical hernia repair in one day surgery
Authors: Krivoschekov E. P. , Khoroshilov M. Yu. , Molchanov M. A. , Romanov V. E. , Rahimov B. M. , Yakovlev R. R.
Published: May 2023

The improved method of intraperitoneal plasty of umbilical hernia is considered in the article, the results and efficacy of its performance in the conditions of "one day" hospital department of surgery are estimated. The classical method of non-tension hernioplasty [1] is supplemented with surgical techniques - "peritoneal desquamation" and "peritoneodesis" [2] of the hernia sac. A special patented technical device was used in the course of surgical treatment. The suggested method of umbilical hernia plasty creates the conditions for traumatic interventions reduction, excludes the possibility of wound complications, reduces the operative intervention time and shows unique possibilities of using during the operations of natural, physiologically conditioned protective-adaptive systems of the body to activate restorative processes [4, 5].
Ultramicroscopic features of thyrocytes after 60 days of tartrazine administration and infliction of a defect in the tibiaе and substantiation of the effectiveness of sodium selenite
Authors: Morozov V. N. , Luzin V. I.
Published: May 2023

Aim. Identify the features of the ultramicroscopic structure of thyrocytes in rats under conditions after 60 days of tartrazine administration and simulated traumatic bone defect, as well as to establish the effectiveness of sodium selenite.

Material and methods. White mature male rats were divided into 3 groups. In Group 1, a through defect in the tibiae was applied to rats after the previous 60-day intragastric administration of saline solution. In Group 2, rats were subjected to 60-day exposure with tartrazine at a dosage of 750 mg/kg instead of saline solution under similar experimental conditions and in Group 3 – additionally intramuscularly injected sodium selenite at a dose of 40 µg/kg. On days 3, 10, 15, 24 and 45, the animals were removed from the experiment, samples of thyroid gland were processed for electron microscopic examination according to the standard method.

Results. In Group 2, inactive chromatin prevailed in the nucleus, expanded cisterns of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, single mitochondria with matrix destruction sites were observed in the cytoplasm from 3rd to 15th days of experiment. There were cells in a state of apoptosis. By the day 24, the ultramicroscopic picture was almost restored to the control values.In Group 3, an increase in the area of active euchromatin in the nucleus, restoration of the lumen of the cisterns of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, an increase in the number of lysosomes in the cytoplasm, a decrease in the number of mitochondria with signs of destruction of crysts and cells with signs of apoptosis were revealed.

Conclusion. The bone defect applied after the previous 60-day administration of tartrazine causes an aggravation of ultramicroscopic changes in thyrocytes, compared with the group without the introduction of a food additive. Use of sodium selenite allows, to a certain extent, to neutralize the changes caused by tartrazine in these cells by the time of traumatic injury.
Study of changes in the activity of glutathione system enzymes in the blood and liver in experimentally induced dyslipoproteinemia on the background of mechanical damage to the skeletal muscle in rats of different age groups
Authors: Pavlova O. N. , Tulaeva O. N. , Gulenko O. N. , Lukenyuk E. V.
Published: May 2023

Currently, there is a steady increase in morbidity and mortality from acute cerebrovascular conditions, which are based on vascular ischemic manifestations, which are systemic in nature. At the heart of the root cause of any ischemic process – heart attack, stroke, hypertension – is atherosclerosis and dyslipoproteinemia. One of the biomarkers of this pathological process is oxidative stress.

The purpose of the study: to analyze the dynamics of the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in the blood and liver of rats of different ages under oxidative stress caused by modeling dyslipoproteinemia followed by mechanical injury to the skeletal muscle.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted on outbred healthy male rats, divided into two groups according to age: the first group (c) – 24-month-old (old) rats, weighing 230–250 grams in the amount of 120 pieces and the second group (m) – 6-month-old (young) rats, weighing 190–210 grams in the amount of 120 pieces, kept under standard vivarium conditions. All rats were divided into four subgroups within their group, 30 animals each. Animals of the first subgroup in each group (1s, 1m) are intact (old and young) animals, to which no effects were applied. Animals of the second subgroup (2c, 2m) (regeneration control, old and young) had a mechanical dissection in the region of the middle third of the gastrocnemius muscle of the hind limb. Animals of the first and second subgroups were on a standard vivarium diet and had free access to water and food. Animals of the third (3s, 3m) and fourth (4s, 4m) subgroups of each group were subjected to dyslipoproteinemia modeling for 63 days and received a high-carbohydrate and high-fat diet with an increased fat content of up to 30% by weight of dry matter and replacement of drinking water with a 20% fructose solution. After the specified time, the animals of the fourth subgroups of both groups were injured in the middle third of the gastrocnemius muscle of the hind limb.

Conclusions. Against the background of dyslipoproteinemia, oxidative stress occurs in the tissues of young and old rats, which is reflected by a decrease in the activity of enzymes of the glutathione system. Mechanical injury of the calf muscle in combination with dyslipoproteinemia aggravates oxidative processes against the background of inflammation and leads to an even more intense decrease in the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in the liver and blood tissues of rats, and in old animals these processes are more pronounced than in young ones.
Nutritional Factors Affecting Stunting Among Toddlers
Authors: Dewi Nindi Kusuma , Retno Kusumasari Herdhika Ayu , Andarini Sri , Indrawan I Wayan Agung
Published: May 2023

Background: Stunting is one of Indonesia's most serious nutritional issues. Malang Regency has a 12 percent prevalence of stunting in 2020, with Gondanglegi sub-district having 942 stunted children. One effort to improve toddler nutrition is the administration of colostrum, exclusive breastfeeding, and complementary feeding. Inappropriate colostrum administration, exclusive breastfeeding, and complementary feeding can all increase the risk of stunting in toddlers.
Aims: this study aimed to identify the factors that cause stunting in toddlers based on their behavior in meeting their nutritional needs in Gondanglegi sub-district, Malang Regency.
Methods: A total of 136 children aged 6 to 59 months were divided into two equal groups for the case-control study. The research was carried out at Ketawang and Gondanglegi Primary Health Centers in Indonesia's Gondanglegi sub-district. Weight and height measurements, a questionnaire-based interview, and a 24-hour food recall were all collected. With a significance level of 0,05, Chi-square was used to determine the factors influencing stunting. To perform multivariate analysis, logistic regression was used.
Results: Colostrum administration, exclusive breastfeeding, and complementary feeding were all linked to stunting in bivariate analysis (p< 0.05). According to a multivariate analysis, exclusive breastfeeding (OR=4,8) is strongly associated with stunting among toddlers in Gondanglegi sub-district, Malang Regency, Indonesia.
Conclusion: Breast milk contains many nutrients and antibodies that can protect babies from infection by reducing the duration and severity of illness that can lead to chronic malnutrition and stunting.
Management of Micro Nutrition and Health Impacts on the Elderly: Literature Review
Authors: Mustofa Vina Firmanty , Prasetyo Budi , Indriani Diah , Rahmawati Nur Anisah
Published: May 2023

Background: The population of elderly worldwide is increasing unnoticed, including in Indonesia. The world's population is aging, and many elderly people experience age-related malnutrition, including deficiencies in some micronutrients. Malnutrition in the elderly is a serious condition when the nutritional needs of the elderly do not match their food intake.  
Objectives: This systematic review broadly reviews various micronutrient problems and health impacts on the elderly in several countries.
Methods: Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. Several databases have been accessed; the PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases use a combination of MESH terms and relevant keywords. The inclusion criteria applied were studies written in English, evaluating relevant topics, providing full text, and published studies from 2017-2022
Discussion: Many disorders associated with aging are related to micronutrient deficiencies. Various factors cause micronutrient deficiencies in the elderly, but inadequate food intake is the main factor influencing this deficiency. Nutritional deficiencies experienced by the elderly are closely related to decreased immune function. The results of this review explain that the elderly experience malnutrition due to a lack of the following nutrients: vitamin D, folic acid, calcium, and vitamin B12.
Conclusions: Micronutrient deficiency in the elderly causes a variety of comorbidities that reduce the elderly's quality of life in old age, such as heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, electrolyte imbalance, dementia, and anemia. The development of food-based dietary guidelines and health promotion regarding elderly nutrition in several countries should be recommended, and it is also necessary to update national food intake references.
Perspectives of Pregnant Women and Antenatal Service Providers Regarding Gestational Weight Gain and Nutritional Needs: Systematic Review
Authors: Rahmawati Nur Anisah , Kurniawati Eighty Mardiyan , Wibowo Arief , Indriani Diah , Mustofa Vina Firmanty
Published: May 2023

Background: Gestational weight gain that does not follow the standards can cause long-term problems for maternal and fetal outcomes. Research has found that most pregnant women cannot achieve gestational weight gain according to health standards.
Objectives: This review explores the perspectives of pregnant women and antenatal care providers regarding gestational weight gain and nutritional needs.
Methods: A systematic review follows the PRISMA guidelines. Several databases were accessed, namely PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases, using a combination of the following Medical Subject Heading terms and relevant keywords. The inclusion criteria applied were studies written in English, evaluating the relevant topics, providing full text, and the study was published starting in 2019-2023.
Results: A total of 12 articles were reviewed. Respondents were midwives, family doctors, obstetricians, health trainers, administrative officers, and pregnant and postpartum women. The nutritional status of pregnant women studied included normal and obese pregnant women. Obstacles encountered in counseling are patient attitudes, sociocultural issues (sensitive issues), accessibility of resources, and lack of communication training with patients and across professions. Sociocultural, economic status, and interpersonal factors such as social support influence patient beliefs, attitudes, and experiences. Patients may remember their positive experiences in health facilities, but there is also a fear of discrimination they face.
Conclusions: This study finds the need for training in counseling and cross-professional communication techniques to health service providers regarding gestational weight gain. Appropriate counseling increases patient comfort during pregnancy and prevents adverse effects that arise during and after pregnancy.
Humans are Still Better than ChatGPT: Case of the IEEEXtreme Competition
Authors: Koubaa Anis , Qureshi Basit , Ammar Adel , Khan Zahid , Boulila Wadii , Ghouti Lahouari
Published: May 2023

Since the release of ChatGPT, numerous studies have highlighted the remarkable performance of ChatGPT, which often rivals or even surpasses human capabilities in various tasks and domains. However, this paper presents a contrasting perspective by demonstrating an instance where human performance excels in typical tasks suited for ChatGPT, specifically in the domain of computer programming. We utilize the IEEExtreme Challenge competition as a benchmark — a prestigious, annual international programming contest encompassing a wide range of problems with different complexities. To conduct a thorough evaluation, we selected and executed a diverse set of 102 challenges, drawn from five distinct IEEExtreme editions, using three major programming languages: Python, Java, and C++. Our empirical analysis provides evidence that contrary to popular belief, human programmers maintain a competitive edge over ChatGPT in certain aspects of problem-solving within the programming context. In fact, we found that the average score obtained by ChatGPT on the set of IEEExtreme programming problems is 3.9 to 5.8 times lower than the average human score, depending on the programming language. This paper elaborates on these findings, offering critical insights into the limitations and potential areas of improvement for AI-based language models like ChatGPT.
Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Antioxidant Bioactive Components from Apple Peels and Their Modulation of Complex I Activity in Isolated Mitochondria
Authors: Aresta Antonella Maria , Cotugno Pietro , Pierri Ciro Leonardo , Trisolini Luisa , Zambonin Carlo
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to extract bioactive compounds from apple (Malus domestica) peel waste using supercritical CO2 extraction. The bioactive fractions from apple peels from the three Italian cultivars were extracted applying a temperature of 60 °C and a pressure of 250 bar for 15 min. 20% ethanol was used as a co-solvent. The extraction process was carried out at a flow rate of 2 mL/min and their total polyphenol (TP), anthocyanin (TA), ascorbic acid (AA), and antioxidant activity contents (TAC) were measured. The extracts from the Stark cultivar had the highest levels of polyphenols, anthocyanins, and ascorbic acid, while the Royal Gala cultivar had the highest total antioxidant activity. Chromatographic analyses were also performed to characterize polyphenols. The extracts were then tested for their effect on the mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I) activity on mitochondria isolated from human embryonic kidney cells (HEK239) cells, with the Stark extracts showing the most positive response in terms of NADH oxidation. These findings highlight the potential of apple peel waste as a source of functional phytocompounds and suggest the Stark cultivar extracts may have pharmacological applications. This study supports the circular bioeconomy by promoting the use of waste products as a valuable resource.
Turbulence Kinetic Energy and High-order Moments of Veloc-ity Fluctuations of Flows in the Presence of Submerged Vegetation in Pools
Authors: Tabesh Mohammad Reza , Parvizi Parsa , Afzalimehr Hossein , Sui Jueyi
Published: May 2023

In the presence of aquatic plants in streams, a variety of flow structures have been reported. Re-sults of earlier investigations indicated that the hydrodynamic features of flows in rivers, and streams are influenced by a wide range of submerged and non-submerged vegetation. In the pre-sent study, eight experiment runs were conducted in two artificial pools built in a laboratory flume to assess the flow structures across vegetation cover. The slopes for entrance and exit sec-tions of these two pools are of 5 and 10 degrees, respectively. A patch of artificial grass covered the entire pool area over the gravel bed. The effect of stream flow velocity was investigated by considering two aspect ratios of 2 and 2.7. Also, distributions of flow velocity, Reynolds normal and shear stresses, turbulence intensities, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and higher-order mo-ments of velocity fluctuations have been investigated. By means of quadrant analysis, it is found that the skewness coefficients of velocity profiles are significant parameters to evaluate. Based on skewness values for the bursting processes, along the pool entrance section with a smaller slope, the contribution of sweep motion occurs in a more restricted zone above the canopy, and this im-plies that the ejection motion occurs in a pool entrance section with a higher slope. Immediately above the vegetation canopy, the dominant process is the sweep motion of bursting events. Whereas, at the upstream boundary of the vegetation patch, an outward motion with slightly pos-itive value occurs; and around the downstream boundary of the vegetation patch, the isotropic turbulence appears at the boundary of the vegetation and gravel bed. Over the vegetation canopy in the pool, less mixing eddies result in lower Reynolds shear stress values, and thus the turbulent flow becomes weak with lower turbulent kinetic energy (TKE). Because of the shallow flow in an artificial channel with an aspect ratio less than five and the availability of vertical non-zero ve-locity components, secondary currents become stronger in the channel. Consequently, there is a divergence from a linear dispersion of Reynolds shear stress.