bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
E-commerce and Digital Literacy of UMKM in Madiun Regency during the COVID-19
Authors: Bintariningtyas Selfia , Mulyaningsih Tri , Ratwianingsih Lely
Published: March 2022

Abstractâ€”The purpose of this research is to find out the role of E-commerce and digital literacy of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (UMKM) in Madiun district in helping the sale of their products during the covid-19 pandemic. This research is expected to help increase the participation of UMKM. This study uses qualitative descriptive research method with the population of UMKM in Madiun. The determination of samples in this study by the purposive sampling method. The data From 100 respondents was collected by field observation and supported by the dissemination of questionnaires. The collected data is analyzed descriptively-qualitatively. From the results of the analysis obtained that 71% of respondents can use and operate digital devices properly and use digital devices every day in daily life even during the Covid-19 pandemic. This shows that most actors UMKM has good digital literacy. Some of the respondents do sales or promotion of their products by not using E-commerce facilities but are more likely to use through direct sales that is offline. A total of 53% of respondents used E-commerce to help sales of their products and said that E-commerce helped UMKM during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Kepuasan Kerja, Komitmen Organisasi dan Turnover Intention : Studi pada Pegawai Honorer di Kabupaten Grobogan
Authors: Setyaningrum Nurma Adi , Cahyono Edi
Published: March 2022

Abstractâ€” The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on turnover intention. Data were collected from 60 honorary employees at regency Grobogan by using a convenience sampling. The statistical method is multiple regression analysis. The result of this research which is showed that job satisfaction and organizational commitment have a positive and significant effect on turnover intention.Â Keywordsâ€”: Job Satisfaction; Organizational Commitment; Turnover Intention.
Kontribusi Sektor Primer Dan Sektor Sekunder Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Kabupaten Madiun
Authors: Indartini Mintarti , Pratiwi Dian , Rahayu Endang Edi
Published: March 2022

Abstractâ€” The research objective to analyzesÂ  the contribution of the primary and secondary sectors to the GRDP of Madiun Regency, analyzes the direction of the relationship between the primary and secondary sectors toward economic growth and analyzes the effect of the contribution of the primary and secondary sectors on the economic growth of Madiun Regency in 2014 - 2018. The data used in this study are (1) Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) aggregate primary and secondary sectors/sub-sectors is the total value added (products) generated by various primary and secondary sectors/sub-sectorsÂ  which has carried out business or activities in an area without regard to the selection of production factors for the data of 2014 - 2018 (2) GRDP based on the prevailing prices of the primary sector and the secondary sector of Madiun Regency based on the field of business data in 2014 - 2018. Research results that (1) The contribution of the primary sector which contributed the first is the agriculture, forestry and fisheries category, followed by mining and quarrying in Madiun Regency. (2) The contribution of the secondary sector which contributed the first is the construction category, followed by the processing industry, water supply and the lowest is electricity, gas procurement in Madiun Regency. (3) The direction of relations of each sector is positive. (4) Partially, each sector does not significantly influence the rate of economic growth in Madiun Regency. (6) Simultaneously the primary and secondary sectors have a significant effect on economic growth variables in Madiun Regency in 2014-2018.Â Keywordsâ€”: Primary Sector; Secondary Sector; Economic Growth; Madiun Regency.
Pengaruh Dana Pihak Ketiga, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), dan Non Performing Financing (NPF) Terhadap Likuiditas Perbankan Syariah Di Indonesia Tahun 2015-2019
Authors: Saputro Kurniawan Yogi , Wildaniyati Arini
Published: March 2022

Abstractâ€” This study aims to determine the effect of Third Party Funds on Liquidity, the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on Liquidity, the effect of Non Performing Financing (NPF) on Liquidity, and the influence of Third Party Funds, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Non Performing Financing ( NPF) against Liquidity. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique. The data obtained comes from secondary data in the form of banking annual financial reports for 2015-2019 which are downloaded from the official website of the bank concerned. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, determinant coefficient test, t test and F test. The results of the hypothesis research indicate that the Third Party Funds variable is 0,000, the Capital Adequacy ratio (CAR) variable is 0.013, the variable NonPerforming Financing is 0.196, and simultaneously is 0.000. With these results it can be stated that only Third Party Funds, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) have a positive and significant effect on Liquidity, while Non Performing Financing (NPF) Â has no positive and significant effect on liquidity. Simultaneously, Third Party Funds, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Financing (NPF), have a positive and significant effect on liquidity.Â Keywordsâ€”: Third Party Funds; Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non Performing Financing, and Liquidity.
Pengaruh Kapasitas Sumber Daya Manusia, Pengendalian Intern Akuntansi, Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi Dan Pengawasan Keuangan Daerah Terhadap Keterampilan Dalam Pelaporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Sukoharjo (Studi Empiris Pada Badan Keuangan Daerah Kabupaten Sukoharjo Tahun 2017)
Authors: Pratama Obrian Trisna , Anandita Arnes
Published: March 2022

Abstractâ€” This research aims to analyse and prove about the effect of human resource capacity, accounting internal control, use of information technology, and regional financial supervision on the reliability of local government financial reporting. This research object is the Regional Finance Agency of Sukoharjo Regency. The sampling method use purposive sampling. Number of respondent in this research were 50 employee. Data analysis method use multiple linier regression analysis. The research result show that human resource capacity, accounting internal control, use of information technology, and regional financial supervision effect on the reliability of local government financial reporting.Â Keywordsâ€”: Human Resource Capacity; Accounting Internal Control; Use of Information Technology; Regional Financial Supervision.
Analisis Faktor-faktor Yang Berpengaruh Pada Keputusan Pembelian Produk Kosmetik Halal
Authors: Mulati Eni , Utomo Budi
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this research is to find out the influence of product knowledge, religiosity, and Islamic advertising ethics on purchasing decisions with purchase intention as intervening variable. Data was collected by distributing questionnaire to 100 respondents of consumers of Wardah product cosmetics in Salatiga with purposive sampling method. The data obtained were processed using SPSS 23 analysis tools. Based on the t-test, the results showed that partially product knowledge had no effect on purchasing decision, then religiosity partially had no effect on purchasing decisions. While consumer buying interest partially has a significant effect on purchasing decisions. Based on the results of the path analysis test, it show that buying interest doesn't have a mediating effect on the influence of religiosity on purchasing decisions. Then buying interest has a mediating effect on the influence of product knowledge and Islamic advertising ethics on each purchase decision.
Tubuh Sosial Siswi Madura: Studi Kasus Di SMPN 1 Labang
Authors: Ulumuddin Naufalul Ihyaâ€™ , Mawlana Akbar
Published: March 2022

Abstractâ€” Education and the body are closely related. School as a means of education does not only transfer knowledge to students, but also hones awareness of their bodies. However, in the field, it shows that Madurese female students who study in Madura do not realize that their bodies are the objects of power relations that operate through a hidden curriculum. This research tries to explain the cause. In order to obtain data about it, a case study approach, as a cluster of qualitative methods, was used in this field work. The data, which were mostly obtained from unstructured interviews, were then explained using social body studies. The results of this study indicate that the body as an object of power relations appears in the regulation of the use of the headscarf (â€œJilbabâ€)for Madurese female students, especially those who attend SMPN 1 Labang, Bangkalan. Thus, the public schools there seem to discipline Madurese female students as if they are undergoing a regular Islamic boarding school or madrasah education almost everyday life.

Keywordsâ€”: Social Body Studies; Education; MadureseFemale Students.
Modal Sosial Dalam Pemberdayaan Perempuan Pada Sektor Informal Di Kelurahan Karangrejo, Kecamatan Karangrejo, Kabupaten Magetan
Authors: Harianto Harianto
Published: March 2022

Abstractâ€” Social capital consists of three main pillars, namely trust, norms and networks. Everything will be examined through a description of the informal sector seen from women who work as traders in Karangrejo Village, Karangrejo District, Magetan Regency. The research problem that will be answered in this study is knowing social capital in empowering women in the informal sector. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of social capital in empowering women traders in Karangrejo Village. Researchers used a descriptive qualitative approach with questionnaire data collection methods and documentation. The participation of women in the informal sector in Kelurahan Karngrejo turns out to provide many functions for womenâ€™s self-development. At first they have not been able to identify the potential that exists in them, now they can recognize their own potential so that women can apply it through the skills they have mastered. Social capital efforts in womenâ€™s empowerment are expected to motivate women to be more advanced, independent and be able to develop their potential. In society so that they can be more empowered and improve their social welfare as well as help the family economy.

Keywordsâ€”: social capital; women empowerment and the informal sector.
Sikap Indonesia dalam Diplomasi Konflik Amerika-Afghanistan Tahun 2001-2020
Authors: Khoirul Imas
Published: March 2022

Abstrak- Konflik di Afghanistan dalam proses perdamaiannya melibatkan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB), negara-negara sekitar wilayah Afghanistan, negara-negara besar, serta komunitas internasional lain tak terlepas Indonesia. Upaya perdamaian di Afghanistan ialah amanah dari konstitusi di mana Indonesia menganut kebijakan luar negeri bebas-aktif, yang berarti bebas dalam penafsiran tidak memihak pada blok tertentu, sebaliknya aktif berarti ikut serta dalam upaya perdamaian intenasional. Sejak Indonesia memasuki masa reformasi, ditandai dengan turunnya presiden Soeharto, Indonesia jadi negara demokrasi seutuhnya dengan diberlakukannya UU tentang kebebasan berpendapat. Oleh sebab itu timbul aktor- aktor baru dalam kebijakan politik Indonesia, sehingga perihal tersebut pengaruhi kedudukan Indonesia dalam diplomasi terhadap konflik di Afghanistan. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan kajian kepustakaan, dengan menjelaskan proses perdamaian di Afghanistan yang telah berlangsung lama dan telah melibatkan banyak pihak. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menerangkan upaya dan kontribusiÂ  yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia dalam membantu proses perdamaian konflik di Afghanistan.
Peran Dukungan Sosial dalam Meningkatkan Resiliensi pada Remaja Panti Asuhan
Authors: Isnaini Febry , Muhid Abdul
Published: March 2022

Adolescence can be interpreted as a period of transition of an individual from childhood developing to adulthood. Adolescents are usually associated with periods of change in their life processes. When the individual reaches the age of adolescence, they will begin to think about how their life will be in the future. Adolescents must have great confidence and strong determination so they can quickly get back up from the difficulties in their lives. For every teenager and especially for orphanage youth, of course it is necessary to have the capability to overcome life's difficulties and problems to immediately rise to become a useful and reliable person in carrying out commitments to theirself and the people around them in the future. There are many factors that can influence a person's level of resilience, and one of them is social support. This study aims to see the role of social support in increasing resilience in orphanage youth. This research was conducted using the literature study method. Research with this model is carried out by searching and collecting reference materials from journals and articles based on the variables being studied. After doing this research, it was found that social support had an effect on increasing the resilience of orphanage youth.
Praktik Jual Beli Online Shope Pada PT. Shoppe Indonesia dalam Prespektif Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen di Indonesia
Authors: Chairani Meirza aulia
Published: March 2022

Abstract - The current buying and selling practice in Indonesia is very high, by using a mobile phone, one click the goods will be sent home easily. The famous online buying and selling application or online advertising, one of which is the online shop buying and selling application. Various kinds of products provided by consumers can choose what items to buy. However, sometimes the order that we buy doesn't match what we ordered. This results in losses for consumers. Lack of consumer protection in online buying and selling in Indonesia due to a lack of regulations that protect consumers, business actors, online application parties, carriers, and related parties. Therefore, this research uses an empirical juridical method, with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach.Â Keyword: consumer protection, e-commerce, buy and sell
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak-Hak Narapidana Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIB Ngawi
Authors: Sugiarto Kantrey , Wiacaksono Kurniawan Bagus , Wiacaksono Kurniawan Bagus , Sumiati Sumiati , Sumiati Sumiati , Dewi Sangrila Puspita , Dewi Sangrila Puspita
Published: March 2022

Abstractâ€” Prisoners who are placed in prison are sometimes considered to have no rights whatsoever. They are sometimes treated inhumanely because they are considered to have committed a mistake or a crime so that their actions must be repaid in prison. The method used in this paper is normative juridical, which is research that is focused on studying the norms or norms in positive law which are then used as legal material to conduct research in Class II B Ngawi Prison regarding the rights of prisoners there. The efforts made by Ngawi Prison in the context of fulfilling the rights of prisoners have referred to the provisions of the applicable laws and regulations. In an effort to fulfill the rights of prisoners, it was found that there were obstacles faced due to the overcapacity of the inhabitants of the Ngawi Prison. With the results of this research, the main potential in the future is that it can be used as reference material for future prisoners, as a reference for further research with the development of the theme of over capacity, and as a bridge of information to overcome the gap between life in prison and the outside world.Â Keywordsâ€”: Prisoners; Rights; Protection.
Kajian Hukum Prospek Kepariwisataan Kabupaten Magetan Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah
Authors: Purwati Yuni , Haryani Anik Tri , Nugroho Sigit Sapto , Sheilawati Farah Dina
Published: March 2022

Abstractâ€” The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of a pandemic Covid-19 to the tourism sector in the Regency of Magetan and find out the policy of the Regional Government of Kabupaten Magetan on prospects of tourism in the pandemic Covid-19. This study is a juridical empirical using qualitative analysis quantitative of data and facts in the field and supported by the approach of the legislation. The results of the study showed that the impact of a pandemic Covid-19 to the tourism sector is very visible and extraordinary, the impact negatif what happened to the tourism sector in the pandemic Covid-19, one of which is a decrease in revenue from the tourism sector this impact suffered by the offender or the Government of Kabupaten Magetan because the tourism sector is one of the post in order to increase revenue, in addition clear intensity of tourists drastically reduced. While the policy undertaken by the Government of Magetan Regency on the prospects of tourism is to make a policy better specialized programs, and also to make a decree which regulates in general related to the new life in the pandemic Covid-19 that governs related policies and things that need.Â Keywordsâ€”: Tourism; Pandemic Covid-19; Impact; policy.
Kepastian Hukum Sertifikat Hak Milik atas Tanah Dalam Hukum Pertanahan Indonesia
Authors: Sumiati Helena , Andriansah  , Kadaryanto Bagio
Published: March 2022

Article 3 letter a Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration says to provide legal certainty and legal protection to rights holders of land parcels, apartment units and other registered rights so that they can easily prove themselves as holders of the rights concerned. . However, in the course of time, the existence of this Registration Regulation is considered to have not been optimal because there are several obstacles including limited funds and personnel so that control of land is largely not supported by adequate evidence. In addition, this Government Regulation is not sufficient to provide the possibility for the implementation of land registration in a short time and with satisfactory results. The type of research used in the writing of this research is Normative legal research, which discusses the legal certainty of land title certificates in Indonesian land law. From the results of the research, it can be concluded that the legal certainty of land title certificates is not in accordance with legal certainty regarding the object of land rights, the subject of land rights and regarding certainty over land and with this state guarantee given to the owner or certificate holder it can be given because the land is already registered. in the state land administration system. Ideally, land ownership in order to have appropriate legal certainty is protection for land rights holders which are legally formal rights for every Indonesian citizen, however actions to take action against any party who occupies land by certain parties illegally must be carried out with care. -be careful not to cause social conflict or conflict between citizens and the government.
Pelaksanaan Keselamatan Kerja Pada Perusahaan Bongkar Muat (PBM)
Authors: Handojo Budi , Veny R Ingesti Pantja Siwi , Sahudiyono Sahudiyono , Setiyawan Angga Dwi
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah sebagai upaya menjelaskan standar keselamatan kerja  dan prosedur yang berlaku dalam bongkar muat barang di perusahaan bongkar muat  serta sebagai upaya perusahaan bongkar muat dalam menanggulangi resiko-resiko pelaksanaan pekerjaan dan kecelakaan kerja. Metode penelitian menggunakan  pendekatan diskriptif  kualitatif. Pelaksanaan penelitian di PT. Berkah Tata Baruna Di Pelabuhan Merak Banten. Hasil penelitian yang dapat disampaikan bahwa untuk memberikan perlindungan dan keamanan maka perusahaan bongkar muat telah memberikan standar keselamatan kerja bongkar muat serta diberikan prosedur (SOP) pada setiap operasional bongkar muat barang. Demikian juga PBM telah memberikan pentingnya pencegahan dan penanggulangan, risiko-risiko keselamatan kerja melalui penerangan, pelatihan SDM, penggunaan alat keselamatan, serta usaha - usaha unit tanggap darurat atas terjadinya kecelakaan kerja. Kesemuanya telah sesuai menurut Peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku,  seperti  UU Nomor 1 Tahun 1970, UU Nomor 13 Tahun 2003, UU Nomor 152 Tahun 2016.
TRANSMISSION CONTROL OF COVID-19 RADIOGRAPHERS IN RADIOLOGY INSTALLATION AT KENDAL DISTRICT HOSPITAL
Authors: Utami Lucky Restyanti Wahyu , Sulistyowati Indah
Published: March 2022

In the midst of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, individuals who are most at risk of infection are those who have close contact with COVID-19 sufferers, one of which is health workers. One of the health workers who is in close contact with COVID-19 sufferers is a radiographer who is in charge of carrying out radiological supporting examinations.

Health care workers who come into contact with patients can protect themselves by adhering to infection prevention and control practices, which include administrative, environmental, engineering controls and the use of appropriate personal protective equipment. The use of appropriate personal protective equipment includes proper selection of the appropriate type of personal protective equipment, how to use it, how to remove it, how to dispose of and or wash personal protective equipment. The use of personal protective equipment is one of the efforts to prevent and control the COVID-19 infection.

The objectives to be achieved in this study are to determine the control of the transmission of COVID-19 carried out by radiographers at the radiology installation of the Kendal district hospitals. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research. The research sample used was 5 radiographers in one of the Kendal district hospitals. Collecting data uses a questionnaire and data analysis uses descriptive analysis.

From the results of the descriptive analysis, it was found that the control of COVID-19 transmission carried out by the respondents was in accordance with the recommendations set by the Indonesian Ministry of Health (2020) and Perdoki (2020). Efforts to control the transmission of COVID-19 that have been implemented include procedural techniques in services provided in the radiology installation environment and the use of appropriate personal protective equipment by radiographers.

Keywords: COVID-19 transmission control, radiographer
Vaginal Microbiota and Mucosal Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir in Healthy Women Using a 90-Day Tenofovir/Levonorgestrel Vaginal Ring
Authors: Thurman Andrea R. , Ravel Jacques , Gajer Pawel , Marzinke Mark A. , Ouattara Louise A. , Jacot Terry , Peet M. Melissa , Clark Meredith R. , Doncel Gustavo F.
Published: March 2022

Background

A relationship between the vaginal microbiota and tenofovir (TFV) concentrations and activity after topical administration has been previously reported.

Objective

CONRAD A15-138 was a randomized, placebo-controlled Phase I study aimed at characterizing the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of TFV and levonorgestrel (LNG) administered through a vaginal ring (IVR) for 90 days. Herein, we describe changes from baseline in the vaginal microbiota with IVR use and the impact of the vaginal microbiota on mucosal TFV PK.

Methods

The study screened 68 participants and randomized 47 (37 TFV/LNG, 10 placebo), assessing the vaginal microbiota by sequencing the V3–V4 regions of 16S rRNA genes prior to IVR insertion and monthly for 3 months. Concentrations of TFV in vaginal fluid (VF), and TFV and TFV-diphosphate (TFV-DP) in vaginal tissue, and modeled PD against HIV-1 in vitro were measured before and after treatment.

Results

There were no clinically significant changes in relative abundance of vaginal bacterial phylotypes from pre-insertion baseline at any month among active and placebo IVR users. There were no significant changes in community state type (CST) with IVR use. Participants with diverse, anaerobic CST IVA/B microbiota had higher in vivo release of TFV from the IVR compared to women with Lactobacillus-dominated (LbD) microbiota, who had expected in vivo TFV release rates. Median VF TFV concentrations were significantly higher among women with CST IVA/B microbiota in months 1 (3,135 ng/mg VF) and 2 (3,800 ng/mg). Women with LbD microbiota had significantly higher median VF TFV concentration (1,423 ng/mg) and median TFV (103 ng/mg) and TFV-DP (5,877 fmol/mg) tissue concentrations versus women with CST IVA/B microbiota at month 3. All women demonstrated a significant increase from pre-insertion baseline of in vitro HIV-1 inhibition by VF (p values <0.05). PD differences in tissue according to CST, however, were not statistically significant.

Conclusion

TFV/LNG IVR use did not change the vaginal microbiota nor increase the incidence of CST IVA/B. Vaginal microbiota, and in particular CST IVA/B, possibly through increased vaginal pH, impacted in vivo TFV release and cervicovaginal (CV) PK, but both PK and PD data suggest CV protection against HIV-1.

Clinical Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov (#NCT03279120)
Impact of School Population Composition, Workload, and Teachers’ Utility Values on Teaching Quality: Insights From the Dutch TALIS-2018 Data
Authors: Ouwehand Kim H. R. , Xu Kate M. , Meeuwisse Marieke , Severiens Sabine E. , Wijnia Lisette
Published: March 2022

Several studies show that teaching quality is an important predictor of students’ academic achievement. However, less is known about factors that are important for teaching quality. In the present study, it was hypothesized that school population composition [i.e., students’ socioeconomic status (SES) and migration background], workload, and teachers’ utility values toward teaching would be important factors related to their teaching quality. The Dutch Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) 2018 was explored (N = 1,884, secondary school teachers and 116 school leaders) to test our hypotheses. Data gathering followed a two-step procedure. Firstly, 200 schools were randomly selected. Secondly, 20 teachers within each school were randomly selected. Multi-item scales operationalized teaching quality on teachers’ self-reported classroom management, cognitive activation, clarity of instruction, and positive student-teacher relationships. Multilevel analyses showed that teachers’ social utility value was positively associated with all dimensions of teaching quality, whereas personal utility value was only associated with classroom management and clarity of instruction. Teachers working at schools with moderate shares of students from a socioeconomically disadvantaged background reported higher clarity of instruction (β = 0.42), and moderate and high shares report lower cognitive activation (β = –0.40, β = –0.33, respectively) than those working at schools with low shares. Student-teacher relationships were rated more positively by teachers working at schools that reported no students with a migrant background than those working at schools with a small share (β = 0.33). Moreover, teachers working at schools with high shares of students with migration backgrounds (β = –0.17) reported more negative relationships. These results suggest that dealing with low-SES students at schools affects the cognitively-focused elements of teaching quality, while dealing with students with a migration background seems to affect the social teaching qualities of teachers.
The Review of Insulin Pens—Past, Present, and Look to the Future
Authors: Masierek Małgorzata , Nabrdalik Katarzyna , Janota Oliwia , Kwiendacz Hanna , Macherski Maksymilian , Gumprecht Janusz
Published: March 2022

Currently, there are about 150–200 million diabetic patients treated with insulin globally. The year 2021 is special because the 100th anniversary of the insulin discovery is being celebrated. It is a good occasion to sum up the insulin pen technology invention and improvement which are nowadays the leading mode of an insulin delivery. Even though so many years have passed, insulin is still administered subcutaneously, that is why devices to deliver it are of great importance. Insulin pens have evolved only through the last decades (the reusable, durable pens, and the disposable, prefilled pens) and modern smart insulin pens have been developed in the last few years, and both types of the devices compared to traditional syringes and vials are more convenient, discrete in use, have better dosing accuracy, and improve adherence. In this review, we will focus on the history of insulin pens and their improvement over the previous decades.
Impact of Maternal Age on Singleton Birthweight in Frozen Embryo Transfer Cycles
Authors: Ni Zhe-xin , Wan Kun-ming , Zhou Zhi-hao , Kuang Yan-ping , Yu Chao-qin
Published: March 2022

Background

Previous studies have investigated the effect of maternal age on assisted reproductive technology success rates. However, little is known about the relationship between maternal age and neonatal birthweight in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Whether maternal age influences singleton birthweight in FET cycles remains to be elucidated.

Methods

This study was conducted at a tertiary care center, involving singleton live births born to women undergoing frozen–thawed embryo transfer during the period from January 2010 to December 2017. A total of 12,565 women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled and grouped into four groups according to the maternal age: <30, 30–34, 35–39, and ≥40 years old. A multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to reveal the relationship between maternal age and neonatal birthweight with controlling for a number of potential confounders.

Results

The highest proportions of low birthweight (LBW, 4.1%), high birthweight (1.2%), preterm birth (PTB, 5.9%), and very PTB (0.9%) were found in the group over 40 years old, but no significant difference was observed among the four groups. Additionally, the 35–39-year-old group had the highest rate of very LBW (0.6%), whereas the 30–34-year-old group had the lowest rate of small for gestational age (SGA, 2.7%). However, multivariate analyses revealed that neonatal outcomes including PTB, LBW, and SGA were similar between the different maternal age groups.

Conclusion

Grouping with different maternal age was not associated with mean birthweight and Z-scores of singletons resulting from FET.
Using Causal Loop Diagrams to Conceptualize Groundwater as a Social-Ecological System
Authors: Bouchet Louis , Thoms Martin C. , Parsons Melissa
Published: March 2022

Groundwater systems are social-ecological systems (SES) in which human communities, groundwater dependent ecosystems and groundwater resources are linked, and therefore, cannot be studied in isolation. Complex adaptive systems are characterised by non-linear relationships and feedbacks between the system variables. Modeling feedbacks between social and ecological variables of groundwater systems requires a shift from traditional hydrogeological studies to more holistic approaches that simulate groundwater as a SES. A framework was developed to study and manage groundwater as a social-ecological system. Operationalizing the framework to develop empirical models that consider the social and ecological aspects of groundwater dynamics requires translating the framework components into measurable model inputs that capture the key relationships between social and ecological components. Causal loop diagrams (CLD) are an ideal tool for translating between a conceptual framework and an operational, empirical model. Causal loop diagrams can reveal system complexity associated with the interaction of social, ecological and hydrological components, and identify key inputs that need to be considered to model groundwater as a SES. This paper applies CLD to conceptualize the feedbacks between the social, ecological and hydrological components of a groundwater system. The concept is applied to the groundwater system in the island of Nauru, and shows that two balancing feedbacks help maintain the system in a precarious state of usability while several reinforcing feedbacks in the social subsystem apply constant pressure to the system. The CLD reveals that the social subsystem is large and complex, even though the island population is small (approximately 10,000 people). It also demonstrates that the social system is by far the larger disruptor and has the greater potential to alter system states.
An Artificial Pathway for N-Hydroxy-Pipecolic Acid Production From L-Lysine in Escherichia coli
Authors: Luo Zhou , Wang Zhen , Wang Bangxu , Lu Yao , Yan Lixiu , Zhao Zhiping , Bai Ting , Zhang Jiamin , Li Hanmei , Wang Wei , Cheng Jie
Published: March 2022

N-hydroxy-pipecolic acid (NHP) is a hydroxylated product of pipecolic acid and an important systemic acquired resistance signal molecule. However, the biosynthesis of NHP does not have a natural metabolic pathway in microorganisms. Here, we designed and constructed a promising artificial pathway in Escherichia coli for the first time to produce NHP from biomass-derived lysine. This biosynthesis route expands the lysine catabolism pathway and employs six enzymes to sequentially convert lysine into NHP. This artificial route involves six functional enzyme coexpression: lysine α-oxidase from Scomber japonicus (RaiP), glucose dehydrogenase from Bacillus subtilis (GDH), Δ1-piperideine-2-carboxylase reductase from Pseudomonas putida (DpkA), lysine permease from E. coli (LysP), flavin-dependent monooxygenase (FMO1), and catalase from E. coli (KatE). Moreover, different FMO1s are used to evaluate the performance of the produce NHP. A titer of 111.06 mg/L of NHP was yielded in shake flasks with minimal medium containing 4 g/L of lysine. By this approach, NHP has so far been produced at final titers reaching 326.42 mg/L by 48 h in a 5-L bioreactor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first NHP process using E. coli and the first process to directly synthesize NHP by microorganisms. This study lays the foundation for the development and utilization of renewable resources to produce NHP in microorganisms.
Calcium Propionate Supplementation Has Minor Effects on Major Ruminal Bacterial Community Composition of Early Lactation Dairy Cows
Authors: Zhang Fan , Wang Yue , Wang Hui , Nan Xuemei , Guo Yuming , Xiong Benhai
Published: March 2022

Calcium propionate is one kind of good source for preventing and treating hypocalcemia and ketosis for dairy cows in early lactation. However, little is known about the effects of different feeding levels of calcium propionate on the ruminal bacterial community of early lactation dairy cows. This study aimed to explore the effects of different calcium propionate feeding levels on the ruminal fermentation and bacterial community composition of early lactation dairy cows. Twenty-four multiparous cows were randomly allocated into control (CON), low calcium propionate (LCaP), medium calcium propionate (MCaP), and high calcium propionate (HCaP) groups with six cows per group after calving. The CON group cows were fed the normal total mixed ration (TMR), and the cows of the LCaP, MCaP, and HCaP groups were fed TMR supplemented with 200, 350, and 500 g/day calcium propionate for 35 days after calving, respectively. The rumen fermentation parameters were measured every week, and the ruminal bacterial community composition of the last week was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Under the same diet, the rumen pH showed no difference among the four groups, but the content of microbial crude protein (MCP) and ammonia nitrogen quadratically decreased and linearly increased with calcium propionate supplementation, respectively. The feeding of calcium propionate linearly increased the concentrations of total volatile fatty acid (VFA), acetate, propionate, butyrate, iso-valerate, and valerate in the rumen. In all the treatment groups, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla, and Prevotella_1 and Succiniclasticum were the dominant genera in the rumen. Compared with the CON group, the addition of calcium propionate to the early lactation dairy cows quadratically improved the alpha diversity index of Chao1 estimator and observed species, but had little effect on the relative abundance of the major bacterial at phyla and genera level. These results suggested different levels of calcium propionate supplementation improved the rumen fermentation and the ruminal bacterial diversity but had little impact on the major ruminal bacterial community composition of dairy cows in early lactation.
Correlation Between TCF7+ T Cells and Prognosis of Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Rong Haixu , Cai Tingting , Peng Yu , Wang Xiaojuan , Lan Tianjun , Ou Zhanpeng , Qiu Ling , Li Qunxing , Zhang Lizao , Wu Fan , Lin Hsinyu , Ren Siqi , Li Zitian , Fan Song , Li Jinsong
Published: March 2022

Objective

To investigate whether TCF7+ T cells constitute an important factor to improve the existing postoperative prediction model for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Method

TCF7+ T cells were detected in the tissues of 167 OSCC patients by multiplex immunofluorescence. The percentage of TCF7+ T cells was transformed into a dichotomous variable, combined with the clinicopathological data for the OSCC patients, and then subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses. The derived independent predictors were then incorporated into risk models to analyze their relationship with the prognosis of patients.

Results

The high TCF7+ group had a better prognosis than the low TCF7+ group (OS: p<0.001; RFS: p<0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that TCF7+ T cells serve as an independent predictor of OSCC (univariate/multivariate analysis: p<0.001). In Cox risk progression models, inclusion of the TCF7+ T cell percentage improved the predictive accuracy of Grade and TNM stage (Grade-OS/RFS: p<0.001; TNM-OS/RFS: p<0.001; TNM+Grade-OS: p<0.001, TNM+Grade-RFS: p=0.004). Inclusion of the TCF7+ T cell percentage improved the clinical utility.

Conclusions

TCF7+ T cells can act as an independent predictor for postoperative OSCC patients. The inclusion of TCF7+ T cells improved the predictive accuracy and clinical utility of the nomograms to different degrees.
Comprehensive Analysis of the PRDXs Family in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Cao Ruoyan , Zhang Weilin , Zhang Hongjian , Wang Lixuan , Chen Xijuan , Ren Xianyue , Cheng Bin , Xia Juan
Published: March 2022

The peroxidase family of peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) plays a vital role in maintaining the intracellular balance of ROS. However, their function in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has not been investigated. We therefore explored the value of PRDXs in HNSCC. We found that the expression of PRDX1, PRDX4, and PRDX5 in HNSCC increased while the expression of PRDX2 decreased. Moreover, the high expression of PRDX4/5/6 indicated a poor prognosis. Lower expression of PRDX1/5 was linked to more immune cell infiltration, higher expression of immune-related molecules and a more likely response to anti-PD-1 treatment. Moreover, PRDX5 knockdown inhibited HNSCC cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis and it might promote apoptosis through its antioxidant property. Taken together, our study highlights the potential role of PRDXs in HNSCC. The function of PRDX5 in the development of HNSCC and the formation of the immune microenvironment makes it a promising potential therapeutic target.
Effect of Xiongmatang Extract on Behavioral and TRPV1-CGRP/CGRP-R Pathway in Rats With Migraine
Authors: Liu Dingding , Chang Lulu , Wang Jingru , Zhu Qiang , Jiang Ning , Azhar Mudassar , Ahmed Ayaz , Zeng Guirong
Published: March 2022

Migraine is a complex neurovascular disease, which seriously affects the quality of life in patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Xiongmatang (XMT) extract on rats with migraine induced by inflammatory soup and the underlying mechanisms. First, 1 week after dural catheterization, inflammatory soup was injected through a microsyringe to stimulate the dura of rats for 6 times (12 days), once every 2 days, 10 μL each time, to establish a migraine model. According to pain threshold analysis, behavioral change detection, and pathological analysis, the effects of XMT extract on rats with migraine were evaluated. The positive, mRNA and protein expression of related factors were detected by immunohistochemistry, RT-QPCR, and Western blot analysis to elucidate the underlying mechanism. XMT extract improved the behavioral performance of rats, and improve the pathological changes in the trigeminal nerve in rats. Further experimental results show that XMT extract regulated the expression of migraine-related factors in the trigeminal nerve, manifested as transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP), calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR), and receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) positive expression, mRNA expression, and protein expression reduction. XMT extract can significantly improved the behavioral performance of rats with migraine, and its mechanism of action might involve regulating the activity of TRPV1-CGRP/CGRP-R pathway.
Study on the Mechanism of Astragalus Polysaccharide in Treating Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on “Drug-Target-Pathway” Network
Authors: Bing Pingping , Zhou Wenhu , Tan Songwen
Published: March 2022

Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive and irreversible heterogeneous disease of pulmonary interstitial tissue. Its incidence is increasing year by year in the world, and it will be further increased due to the pandemic of COVID-19. However, at present, there is no safe and effective treatment for this disease, so it is very meaningful to find drugs with high efficiency and less adverse reactions. The natural astragalus polysaccharide has the pharmacological effect of anti-pulmonary fibrosis with little toxic and side effects. At present, the mechanism of anti-pulmonary fibrosis of astragalus polysaccharide is not clear. Based on the network pharmacology and molecular docking method, this study analyzes the mechanism of Astragalus polysaccharides in treating pulmonary fibrosis, which provides a theoretical basis for its further clinical application. The active components of Astragalus polysaccharides were screened out by Swisstarget database, and the related targets of pulmonary fibrosis were screened out by GeneCards database. Protein-protein interaction network analysis and molecular docking were carried out to verify the docking affinity of active ingredients. At present, through screening, we have obtained 92 potential targets of Astragalus polysaccharides for treating pulmonary fibrosis, including 11 core targets. Astragalus polysaccharides has the characteristics of multi-targets and multi-pathways, and its mechanism of action may be through regulating the expression of VCAM1, RELA, CDK2, JUN, CDK1, HSP90AA1, NOS2, SOD1, CASP3, AHSA1, PTGER3 and other genes during the development of pulmonary fibrosis.
Regulation of Gramicidin Channel Function Solely by Changes in Lipid Intrinsic Curvature
Authors: Maer Andreia M. , Rusinova Radda , Providence Lyndon L. , Ingólfsson Helgi I. , Collingwood Shemille A. , Lundbæk Jens A. , Andersen Olaf S.
Published: March 2022

Membrane protein function is regulated by the lipid bilayer composition. In many cases the changes in function correlate with changes in the lipid intrinsic curvature (c0), and c0 is considered a determinant of protein function. Yet, water-soluble amphiphiles that cause either negative or positive changes in curvature have similar effects on membrane protein function, showing that changes in lipid bilayer properties other than c0 are important—and may be dominant. To further investigate the mechanisms underlying the bilayer regulation of protein function, we examined how maneuvers that alter phospholipid head groups effective “size”—and thereby c0—alter gramicidin (gA) channel function. Using dioleoylphospholipids and planar bilayers, we varied the head groups’ physical volume and the electrostatic repulsion among head groups (and thus their effective size). When 1,2-dioleyol-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), was replaced by 1,2-dioleyol-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) with a smaller head group (causing a more negative c0), the channel lifetime (τ) is decreased. When the pH of the solution bathing a 1,2-dioleyol-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine (DOPS) bilayer is decreased from 7 to 3 (causing decreased head group repulsion and a more negative c0), τ is decreased. When some DOPS head groups are replaced by zwitterionic head groups, τ is similarly decreased. These effects do not depend on the sign of the change in surface charge. In DOPE:DOPC (3:1) bilayers, pH changes from 5→9 to 5→0 (both increasing head group electrostatic repulsion, thereby causing a less negative c0) both increase τ. Nor do the effects depend on the use of planar, hydrocarbon-containing bilayers, as similar changes were observed in hydrocarbon-free lipid vesicles. Altering the interactions among phospholipid head groups may alter also other bilayer properties such as thickness or elastic moduli. Such changes could be excluded using capacitance measurements and single channel measurements on gA channels of different lengths. We conclude that changes gA channel function caused by changes in head group effective size can be predicted from the expected changes in c0.
Is Abusive Supervision the Last Straw? The Buffering Role of Construal Level in the Association of Abusive Supervision With Withdrawal
Authors: Gao Riguang , Liu Bo
Published: March 2022

Drawing on the theory of cognitive-affective processing system and that of construal level, we propose a moderated mediation model illustrating the relationship among abusive supervision, shame, construal level, and work withdrawal. We tested this model with a two-source time-lagged survey of 387 employees from 129 work teams in central and East China. Results revealed that abusive supervision had a positive association with the emotion of shame and supported the mediating role of shame linking abusive supervision to work withdrawal. Besides, our findings supported the buffering effect of construal level on the shame-work withdrawal relationship as well as the indirect relationship between abusive supervision and work withdrawal channeled through the emotion of shame.
A Machine Learning Approach to Personalize Computerized Cognitive Training Interventions
Authors: Vladisauskas Melina , Belloli Laouen M. L. , Fernández Slezak Diego , Goldin Andrea P.
Published: March 2022

Executive functions are a class of cognitive processes critical for purposeful goal-directed behavior. Cognitive training is the adequate stimulation of executive functions and has been extensively studied and applied for more than 20 years. However, there is still a lack of solid consensus in the scientific community about its potential to elicit consistent improvements in untrained domains. Individual differences are considered one of the most important factors of inconsistent reports on cognitive training benefits, as differences in cognitive functioning are both genetic and context-dependent, and might be affected by age and socioeconomic status. We here present a proof of concept based on the hypothesis that baseline individual differences among subjects would provide valuable information to predict the individual effectiveness of a cognitive training intervention. With a dataset from an investigation in which 73 6-year-olds trained their executive functions using an online software with a fixed protocol, freely available at www.matemarote.org.ar, we trained a support vector classifier that successfully predicted (average accuracy = 0.67, AUC = 0.707) whether a child would improve, or not, after the cognitive stimulation, using baseline individual differences as features. We also performed a permutation feature importance analysis that suggested that all features contribute equally to the model's performance. In the long term, this results might allow us to design better training strategies for those players who are less likely to benefit from the current training protocols in order to maximize the stimulation for each child.