bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fraud awareness survey of private sector in Indonesia
Authors: Siregar Sylvia Veronica , Tenoyo Bayu
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose this study is to investigate the level of fraud awareness of the private sector in Indonesia, as well as steps that have been taken by corporations to detect or prevent fraud.

Design/methodology/approach

– This paper presents a descriptive survey. In total, 67 respondents returned the questionnaires, which can be considered suitable for a descriptive survey. Some descriptive (included percentages, means) and inferential statistics (mean differences test) are used to summarize and analyze the questionnaire results.

Findings

– It was found that majority of respondents agree that fraud is a major concern for businesses in Indonesia and that corporations have enough level of fraud awareness. Poor internal control and lack of ethical values are ranked as the most likely reasons why entities are being threatened by fraud, and a sound ethical policy and code of conduct is perceived as the most important fraud risk management process. Corporations have implemented several tools to detect or prevent fraud, such as internal audit and internal control. They also have a system in place for anonymous reporting of suspicions of fraud, corruption or misconduct.

Originality/value

– Private sector fraud awareness in emerging countries, especially in Indonesia, is still rarely examined in extant literature.
The global anti-bribery collaboration in evolution
Authors: Liu Lianlian
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purposes of this paper are to organize historical, solved questions and recent, unsolved questions in a coherent, progressive way; explore the key question to be answered under this systematic framework; and reflect on an alternative analytical perspective to the current “problem-solving-oriented” approach. Transnational bribery regulation, with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Anti-Bribery Convention as the central governing legal instrument, is on the top agenda of international governance. However, its complex nature makes theoretical viewpoints on this topic rather fragmented. This fragmentation is used to help understand the wisdom of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) approach in the early years. However, as the FCPA approach was internationalized and evolves to its current phase, in which individual inquiries become path-dependent and interdependent, the fragmentation causes more confusion than makes contribution.

Design/methodology/approach

– Sections 2 and 3 retrospect the historical trajectory of academic research on the global regulation of transnational bribery, systemizes relevant theoretical insights and illustrates how people’s understandings of the wisdom of the FCPA approach in early years affect their evaluations of the effect of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention in the contemporary era. Given that, at present, the most popular viewpoint is that the Convention is “ineffective”, Section 4 systemizes the diverse causal attributions of the “problem” in current academic literature, sorts out the roots causes and points out the key question for the next step forward under the version of the “problem-solving-oriented” analysis. Section 5 has a reflection on the inherent limitation of a “problem-solving-oriented” approach for our understanding of the effects of the Convention.

Findings

– Under the version of a “problem-solving-oriented” approach, the key question to be solved is how to establish a mechanism to cope with the surreptitious nature of transnational bribery and the self-sacrificed nature of the FCPA-style approach simultaneously. The popular “problem-solving-oriented” approach has an inherent limitation to create new knowledge on the multilateral anti-bribery collaboration. A reality-based, historical analytical perspective is a good alternative to it.

Originality/value

– The paper presents a personal, original organization of the conventional theoretical insights to the operation of the global anti-bribery collaboration and the underlying logics of these viewpoints. The paper also presents the author’s personal analysis of the “technical omission” and “inherent limitation” of a problem-solving-oriented approach to analyze the performance of the global anti-bribery collaboration, and the power of a historical analytical perspective as an alternative.
Dynamic credit scoring using B
&
B with incremental-SVM-ensemble
Authors: Sun Jie , Li Hui , Chang Pei-Chann , Huang Qing-Hua
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– Previous researches on credit scoring mainly focussed on static modeling on panel sample data set in a certain period of time, and did not pay enough attention on dynamic incremental modeling. The purpose of this paper is to address the integration of branch and bound algorithm with incremental support vector machine (SVM) ensemble to make dynamic modeling of credit scoring.

Design/methodology/approach

– This new model hybridizes support vectors of old data with incremental financial data of corporate in the process of dynamic ensemble modeling based on bagged SVM. In the incremental stage, multiple base SVM models are dynamically adjusted according to bagged new updated information for credit scoring. These updated base models are further combined to generate a dynamic credit scoring. In the empirical experiment, the new method was compared with the traditional model of non-incremental SVM ensemble for credit scoring.

Findings

– The results show that the new model is able to continuously and dynamically adjust credit scoring according to corporate incremental information, which helps produce better evaluation ability than the traditional model.

Originality/value

– This research pioneered on dynamic modeling for credit scoring with incremental SVM ensemble. As time pasts, new incremental samples will be combined with support vectors of old samples to construct SVM ensemble credit scoring model. The incremental model will continuously adjust itself to keep good evaluation performance.
Price forecast valuation for the NYISO electricity market
Authors: Kalczynski Pawel , Zerom Dawit
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– Following the deregulation of electricity markets in the USA, independent power producers operate as for-profit entities. Their profit depends on the price of electricity and an accurate forecast is critical in making bidding decisions on the electricity and reserve markets or engaging in bilateral contracts. Competing price forecasts have their accuracy expressed in statistical terms but producers need to determine the long-term value of using a given forecast. The purpose of this paper is to address this issue by presenting a method of electricity price forecast valuation which compares forecast models using financial rather than statistical measures.

Design/methodology/approach

– The objectives of this paper are achieved by mathematical modeling of thermal power plants and price forecast information available to market participants and simulating the operation of a thermal power plant using various price forecasts and perfect information (as a baseline). The operating profit calculated over a long period was used for ranking forecast models.

Findings

– The framework can be used to estimate the value of a new price forecast as well as to determine if potential gains from developing or acquiring a new forecast will justify the expenses. The results show that an improvement in terms of statistical forecast accuracy measures does not guarantee increased profit.

Practical implications

– This paper presents a new method for comparing electricity price forecast models. It can be adapted to various types of thermal power plants that operate on liberalized electricity markets and utilize price-based dynamic economic dispatch models.

Originality/value

– This paper presents a simulation-based valuation framework for short-term electricity price. The approach described in this paper can be utilized by independent power producers for different types of generators, operating on deregulated electricity markets.
Adaptive combination forecasting model for China’s logistics freight volume based on an improved PSO-BP neural network
Authors: Cheng Zhou , Juncheng Tao
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– To accurately forecast logistics freight volume plays a vital part in rational planning formulation for a country. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to developing a novel combination forecasting model to predict China’s logistics freight volume, in which an improved PSO-BP neural network is proposed to determine the combination weights.

Design/methodology/approach

– Since BP neural network has the ability of learning, storing, and recalling information that given by individual forecasting models, it is effective in determining the combination weights of combination forecasting model. First, an improved PSO based on simulated annealing method and space-time adjustment strategy (SAPSO) is proposed to solve out the connection weights of BP neural network, which overcomes the problems of local optimum traps, low precision and poor convergence during BP neural network training process. Then, a novel combination forecast model based on SAPSO-BP neural network is established.

Findings

– Simulation tests prove that the proposed SAPSO has better convergence performance and more stability. At the same time, combination forecasting models based on three types of BP neural networks are developed, which rank as SAPSO-BP, PSO-BP and BP in accordance with mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and convergent speed. Also the proposed combination model based on SAPSO-BP shows its superiority, compared with some other combination weight assignment methods.

Originality/value

– SAPSO-BP neural network is an original contribution to the combination weight assignment methods of combination forecasting model, which has better convergence performance and more stability.
A managerial application of system dynamics modeling to outsourcing
Authors: Ojugbele Hammed , Bodhanya Shamim
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to use modeling and simulation to investigate the puzzling performance problems that plagued the project outsourcing in term of poor quality and delivery delay, and apply the appeal and power of system dynamics modeling as a managerial approach to improve learning and intervention in complex situations to South African context where little or no such attempt had been made.

Design/methodology/approach

– This work is based on exploratory use of system dynamics modeling to study a web of quality and productivity problems that plagued a company as a result of adopting outsourcing as a policy to bolster productivity and service delivery.

Findings

– A significant finding from this research is that outsourcing has the propensity to perpetuate any trend it dominantly generates as a result of strong positive feedback loops. It also made explicit the dynamic processes that lead to certain observations that have been made in conventional management literature about the effects of outsourcing.

Research limitations/implications

– The major limitation to this study is availability of information in form of certain operating data need for calibration thus imposing few aggregations on the model.

Originality/value

– The authors believe that this work has a degree of originality as it applies system dynamics modeling to public sector outsourcing which not being done before. It also made a significant finding by uncovering possible counteractive effect of outsourcing on internal staff.
A fuzzy MCDM algorithm and practical decision aid tool to determine the best ROV design alternative
Authors: Ülker Birol
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– Proposing a fuzzy multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) algorithm that is able to incorporate the heterogeneousness effect of DM group into the decision process, in order to determine the best remotely operated vehicle (ROV) design alternative to manufacture and developing a practical decision aid tool based on this algorithm. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

– An algorithm utilizes fuzzy AHP Buckley’s approach for modeling heterogeneousness of the DM group, fuzzy AHP Chang’s extent analysis to calculate the priority values of criteria and Chen’s fuzzy TOPSIS for ranking the alternatives and finally group working technique for initiation issues is developed. MATLAB is used to implement the algorithm and generate a decision aid tool. Real life application and sensitivity analysis is performed by the help of generated tool. Literature and background explanations are also provided.

Findings

– A MCDM algorithm that incorporates the heterogeneousness effect of the DM group into the decision process is introduced. Sensitivity analysis suggested the independence of the final result from DM group and criteria set. A practical decision aid tool is generated for ROV manufacturing companies.

Practical implications

– A computerized MCDM aid tool that incorporates heterogeneousness of the DM group into the decision process is generated. Tool let ROV manufacturing companies to evaluate ROV design alternatives with respect to qualitative and quantitative criteria and determine proper choice.

Originality/value

– Determination of the proper ROV design alternative to manufacture gap within the literature filled with an algorithm that provides more reliable results due to its incorporation the heterogeneousness of the DM group into the decision process characteristic. A practical decision aid tool is generated.
Analysis on evolving model with modular growth of urban roadway network topology structure
Authors: Zou Zhiyun , Liu Peng , Zhou Saisai , Xiao Yao , Xu Xuecai , Gao Jianzhi
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to explore the evolving mechanism of urban roadway network. With the consideration of self-organization effect and planning effect during evolution, the authors try to demonstrate the impact of preferential attachment, module scale and module structure on the evolving network model.

Design/methodology/approach

– The roadway network is built in the form of abstract network by dual approach. By using the evolving model of modular growth, the authors analyze the effects and mechanism of the evolving process. Then through numerical analysis, the impact of evolving effects on urban roadway network topology structure is discussed from the aspects of preferential attachment, module scale and module structure.

Findings

– The module structure property, small-world property and scale-free property of roadway network can be affected with various degrees by the change of preferential attachment and module scale. However, the impact of module structure on network properties is small, which can be ignored. Therefore, in practice, the self-organization effect and planning effect of evolving network can be reached by changing the preferential attachment and module scale, so as to generate the network structure with specific properties.

Research limitations/implications

– Some local events, such as road extensions, road demolition and intersection rebuilding, exist during the evolving process under real-world situation. While those cases have not been considered in preferential attachment. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to take these factors into consideration in further research.

Practical implications

– The paper has implications for practice in urban transportation planning and roadway constructions, which can help to guide the planning of urban roadway and to adjust or restore partial network when broken down according to the evolving law.

Originality/value

– The impact of preferential attachment, module scale and module structure on the evolving network model is measured. And the relationship between different network properties can be used to build some patterns of network. From this point of view, the development of urban roadway network can be predicted and intervened.
Core values as a management control in the construction of “sustainable development”
Authors: Jollands Stephen , Akroyd Chris , Sawabe Norio
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– This paper aims to examine a management control constructed by senior managers, a core value focused on sustainability, as it travels through time and space. The criticality of sustainable development suggests the need to understand the effects that core values have on organisational actions.

Design/methodology/approach

– A case study methodology carried out at a multinational organisation is used. This analysis was informed by an actor-network theory which allowed placing the organisation’s sustainability focused core value at the centre of this research.

Findings

– It was found that management control, in the form of a sustainability-focused core value, took on an active role in the case organisation. This enabled the opening of space and time that allowed actors to step forward and take action in relation to sustainable development. It is shown how the core value mobilised individual actors at specific points in time but did not enrol enough collective support to continue its travel. The resulting activities, though, provided a construction of sustainable development within the organisation more in line with traditional profit-seeking objectives rather than in relation to sustainability objectives, such as inter- and intra-generational equity.

Research limitations/implications

– These findings suggest possibilities for future research that examines the active role that management controls may take within sustainable development.

Originality/value

– This paper shows the active role a management control, a sustainability focused core value, took within an organisation. This builds on the research that examines management control in relation to sustainability issues and sustainable development as well as the literature that examines core values.
The impact of regulation on management control
Authors: Ahrens Thomas , Khalifa Rihab
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– This paper aims to contribute to our understanding of the impact of regulation on management control practices. It explores the processes by which the institutionalised properties of certain management controls are adapted to organisational contexts and underpin organisational routines. The authors are interested in the voluntary adoption of management controls with highly developed institutional logics, how organisations respond initially to the institutional logics of new management controls and by what means those logics become a workable basis for institutionalising controls in the organisation.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper explores some of the ways in which the institutional logics of management control come to have organisational effects, studying a seemingly simple organisational response to institutional processes: compliance. The argument is illustrated with examples from university accreditation as a management control institution that combines cultural and administrative controls. The paper is based on participant observation in three universities.

Findings

– The authors find that compliance requires considerable organisational meaning-making and that organisational work of compliance separates into adaptation and execution. Moreover, the process of compliance produces distinctions between experts of the accreditation logic, users of the accreditation logic, agnostics and sceptics. Rather than passive acquiescence, compliance with regulated management control is a creative process of arranging and translating general prescriptions for use in a specific context.

Originality/value

– This is the first study of university accreditation as a management control institution. It adds to a still emerging literature on the effects of institutional logics, and in particular regulatory logics, on organisational management control.
An effective hyperspectral image retrieval method using integrated spectral and textural features
Authors: Shao Zhenfeng , Zhou Weixun , Cheng Qimin , Diao Chunyuan , Zhang Lei
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to improve the retrieval results of hyperspectral image by integrating both spectral and textural features. For this purpose, an improved multiscale opponent representation for hyperspectral texture is proposed to represent the spatial information of the hyperspectral scene.

Design/methodology/approach

– In the presented approach, end-member signatures are extracted as spectral features by means of the widely used end-member induction algorithm N-FINDR, and the improved multiscale opponent representation is extracted from the first three principal components of the hyperspectral data based on Gabor filters. Then, the combination similarity between query image and other images in the database is calculated, and the first k more similar images are returned in descending order of the combination similarity.

Findings

– Some experiments are calculated using the airborne hyperspectral data of Washington DC Mall. According to the experimental results, the proposed method improves the retrieval results, especially for image categories that have regular textural structures.

Originality/value

– The paper presents an effective retrieval method for hyperspectral images.
Multiaxis inclinometer for in depth measurement of landslide movements
Authors: Fosalau Cristian , Zet Cristian , Petrisor Daniel
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The paper aims to present a device devoted to detect and measure earth displacements produced by landslides. This device is an inclinometer type geotechnical instrument. It is widely known that landslides are categorized among the most destructive disasters that yearly produce huge damages and even human lives losses.

Design/methodology/approach

– The principle of operation is based on measuring the deformation produced during soil layers sliding to a rod vertically mounted into the ground. The rod deformation is detected by highly sensitive strain gauges developed by authors using the stress impedance effect occurring in non-magnetostrictive magnetic amorphous microwires. The gauges are mounted in bridge configurations along the rod, beside the corresponding analogue and digital signal processing circuitry.

Findings

– The landslide transducer is able to calculate the displacement of the soil layers at different levels of depth and the direction of the landslide. It has been tested in laboratory in terms of sensitivity and accuracy. A resolution of less than 1 mm has been achieved for displacement detection, whereas orientation may be calculated with about a maximum accuracy of less than 20 degrees.

Research limitations/implications

– Problems occurred in the manufacturing process of the gauges because of the quite large dispersion of the microwire parameters, as well as with gluing the gauges on the rod, that is compulsory to be well done, otherwise the gauges relaxation occurs with consequence in time stability decay.

Originality/value

– With respect to other commercial devices, our inclinometer is characterized by high sensitivity and also by possibility of 3D measuring, it being able to gauge in depth the amplitude and orientation of the landslide.
A room temperature 2 × 128 PtSi/Si-nanostructure photodetector array compatible with CMOS process
Authors: Erfanian Alireza , Mehrara Hamed , Khaje Mahdi , Afifi Ahmad
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate a successful fabrication of 2 × 128 linear array of typical infrared (IR) detectors made of p-type tSi/porous Si Schottky barrier.

Design/methodology/approach

– Using metal-assisted chemical etching (MaCE) as a unique approach, a sample definition of a porous Si nanostructure region for fabricating of any high-density photodetectors array has been formulated. Besides, the uniformity of pixels at different position along the array has been confirmed by optical images and measurements of photocurrent in IR regime at room temperature.

Findings

– The experimental result illustrates the existence of an open-circuit voltage up to 30 mV at 1.5-μm wavelength for an area of 50 × 50 μm2. Additionally, this behavior is almost the same at different pixels of fabricated array.

Research limitations/implications

– The uniformity of pixels and definition of nanostructure region are two most important challenges in fabrication of any high-density photodetectors array.

Practical implications

– MaCE guarantees formation of reproducible, high-fidelity and controllable nanometer-size porous Si with well-defined and sharp edges of the patterned areas.

Originality/value

– The proposed method offers a low-cost and simple process to fabricate high-density arrays of Schottky detectors which are compatible with the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor process.
Design of MEMS bionic vector hydrophone based on NBR sound-transparent cap
Authors: Liu Mengran , Jian Ze ming , Zhang Guojun , Guo Nan , Zhang Wendong
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to present a novel nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) packaging structure, which can solve the problems of the low sensitivity, narrow frequency band and fluctuating frequency response curve of the MEMS bionic vector hydrophone.

Design/methodology/approach

– A 0.05-mm-thick NBR sound-transparent cap was designed by theoretical analysis and simulation to reduce the signal attenuation caused by the packaging structure, and the frequency band of the hydrophone has been extended to 4 kHz. In this work, the vector hydrophone was fabricated by the MEMS technology and packaged with the NBR sound-transparent cap. The performance indicators were calibrated in the National Defence Underwater Acoustics Calibration Laboratory of China.

Findings

– The results show that the sensitivity of NBR-packaged hydrophone reaches −170 dB (±2 dB), and the difference is less than 1 dB compared to bare chip. And the frequency band is 50 Hz-4 kHz. The hydrophone also has good directional pattern in the form of an 8-shape, and the pressure-resisting ability is more than 2 MPa.

Originality/value

– The packaging structure significantly increases the sensitivity of the hydrophone and broadens the frequency band, providing a new method in the packaging design for MEMS hydrophone.
A new boresighting method of the aircraft gun using a laser tracker
Authors: Wang Qing , Huang Peng , Li Jiangxiong , Ke Yinglin
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to propose an innovative method to extend the operating range of the laser tracking system and improve the accuracy and automation of boresighting by designing a measurement instrument. Boresighting is a process that aligns the direction of special equipment with the aircraft reference axis. Sometimes the accurate measurement and adjustment of the equipment and the aircraft are hard to achieve.

Design/methodology/approach

– The aircraft is moved by an automatic adjustment system which consists of three numerical control positioners. For obtaining the position of the bore axis, an instrument with two measurement points is designed. Based on the multivariate normal distribution hypothesis, an uncertainty evaluation method for the aiming points is introduced. The accuracy of the measurement point is described by an uncertainty ellipsoid. A compensation and calibration method is proposed to decrease the effect of manufacturing error and deflection error by the finite element analysis.

Findings

– The experimental results of the boresighting measurement prove that the proposed method is effective and reliable in digital assembly. The measurement accuracy of the angle between the bore axis and the reference axis is about ±0.004°. In addition, the measurement result is mainly influenced by the position error of the instrument.

Originality/value

– The results of this study will provide a new way to obtain and control the installation deviation of part in aircraft digital assembly and will help to improve the precision and efficiency. This measurement method can be applied to obtain the axis of a deep blind hole.
Transforming the lives of war-affected youth: how microcredit can shape their self-identity
Authors: Jebarajakirthy Charles , Lobo Antonio C.
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– This study aims to direct war-affected youth’s self-identity towards microcredit. Youth is an important life stage for individuals’ self-identity formation. Features, labels and meanings associated with products can influence youth’s self-identity development.

Design/methodology/approach

– A quantitative-survey method was used for data collection. The sample comprised 1,160 youth microcredit users aged between 18 and 24 years selected from the Northern Province of Sri Lanka. Analysis was conducted mainly in three steps, testing measurement model, hypotheses testing and testing for moderation effects.

Findings

– The findings revealed that positive affect directed the youth’s self-identity towards microcredit, whereas perceived deterrents played a negative role. Knowledge of microcredit enhanced these attitudes. Also, entrepreneurial desire enhanced the association between positive affect and self-identity, and weakened the negative association between perceived deterrents and self-identity.

Research limitations/implications

– The data were cross-sectional and this study was conducted in one country. So, the model needs replication amongst youth in other war-affected countries and with longitudinal data. Additionally, this study is open for expansion by incorporating other constructs that can draw vulnerable youth’s self-identity around products.

Practical implications

– This research suggests how war-affected youth’s self-identity can be drawn around microcredit.

Originality/value

– This study proposes a unique conceptual model to draw vulnerable youth’s self-identity closer to products beneficial for their well-being, in this case, microcredit.
College-aged young consumers’ interpretation of Twitter and marketing information on Twitter
Authors: Chen Huan
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to investigate young consumers’ perceptions toward Twitter and marketing information on Twitter.

Design/methodology/approach

– The theoretical perspective guiding the study is interpretative phenomenology analysis, and the essay assignment and in-depth interviews were used to collect data.

Findings

– Five themes emerged from the current data regarding the participants’ perception of Twitter: trendy and cool; adoption, incubation and action; dependence on smartphone; entertainment and fun; and low involvement and high frequency; and three themes emerged toward their interpretation of marketing information on Twitter: randomness, awareness builder and relevance and fun.

Originality/value

– The previous research on the topic of Twitter and marketing is rather sporadic, lacking both breadth and depth. Specifically, two research gaps can be identified from the literature: first, companies and organizations’ strategic use of Twitter is the single focus of the previous research, and second, the dominate research orientation of the previous research has been quantitative, with a positivistic paradigm. The current study is designed to fill the above two research gaps by exploring young consumers’ interpretation of Twitter and marketing information on this particular social media platform from the perspective of consumers.
A theoretical approach to segmenting children’s walking behaviour
Authors: Schuster Lisa , Kubacki Krzysztof , Rundle-Thiele Sharyn
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– This paper aims to extend research applying the principle of market segmentation to gain insight into changing the physical activity behaviour of children, particularly their walk to/from school behaviour. It further examined the utility of employing theory, specifically the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), for this purpose. Childhood obesity is a leading public health concern globally.

Design/methodology/approach

– An online survey was conducted with 512 caregivers of primary school children. Caregivers were targeted given their control over children’s walk to/from school behaviour. Two-step cluster analysis, based on 14 geographic, demographic, psychographic and behavioural variables, was used to investigate groupings within the data set.

Findings

– The analysis revealed three distinct segments of caregivers, each with unique beliefs about their children walking to/from school: short-distance frequent walkers, middle-distance sporadic walkers and long-distance non-walkers. Four variables were found to be highly important in distinguishing these segments: distance to school, current walk to/from school behaviour, subjective norms and intentions to increase their child’s walk to school behaviour.

Originality/value

– The paper demonstrates the usefulness of behavioural, geographic and psychographic variables, as measured by the TPB, in distinguishing segments, offering an important contrast to prior segmentation studies emphasising demographic variables. This result provides empirical evidence of the value of using the four segmentation bases, extending beyond a demographic focus, and the importance of incorporating behavioural theory in market segmentation. In so doing, this research provides key insights into changing children’s walking behaviour.
A systematic review assessing the extent of social marketing principle use in interventions targeting children (2000-2014)
Authors: Kubacki Krzysztof , Rundle-Thiele Sharyn , Lahtinen Ville , Parkinson Joy
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– This study aims to review the extent that social marketing principles are applied in interventions targeting children published in peer-reviewed journals between 2000 and 2014.

Design/methodology/approach

– A systematic literature review was conducted to identify peer-reviewed social marketing studies targeting children under the age of 12 years as their main audience. Twenty-three interventions were identified and analysed using Andreasen’s (2002) social marketing benchmark criteria including behavioural objective, audience segmentation, formative research, exchange, marketing mix and competition.

Findings

– All of the interventions analysed in this review targeted behaviours associated with either physical activity or healthy eating among children under the age of 12 years. Sixteen of the studies reported positive behavioural outcomes. None of the studies used all six of the Andresean (2002) benchmark criteria.

Social implications

– With growing concerns about the prevalence of obesity among children, social marketing is emerging as an effective approach to increase physical activity and healthy eating, which in turn may assist to lower obesity. Extending the application of the social marketing benchmark criteria in social marketing interventions will assist to increase effectiveness.

Originality/value

– This paper presents the first attempt to review the extent that social marketing principles are used in interventions targeted at children aged 12 years and under.
Risk Assessment in Bridge Construction Projects Using Fault Tree and Event Tree Analysis Methods Based on Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Abdollahzadeh Gholamreza , Rastgoo Sima
Published: June 2015

In this paper, interruption risk in construction activities of bridge projects is assessed in order to identify the main causes of its occurrence and also to determine the potential outcomes resulted from the risk occurrence. To do this, fault tree and event tree analysis (ETA) methods are applied. As the application of the traditional approach of these two methods is difficult in many cases due to limited access to information, fuzzy arithmetic can be considered as a useful tool. In this research, first, fault tree structure is created according to consequences resulted from the Delphi method. Then, the probability of risk occurrence is calculated by applying fault tree analysis (FTA) based on fuzzy logic. By establishing the structure of fault tree related to the failure risk of mitigation strategies, the main causes relating to failure of strategies are identified. The structure of the event tree is created using the obtained results; moreover, the expected monetary value (EMV) of risk event is computed. Finally, to validate the results obtained, a model is created by Monte Carlo simulation and then the results obtained by applying the two methods are compared. The EMV of the risk event evaluated in this paper is determined to be 9.93% of the project baseline cost.
Model-Based Estimation for Vehicle Dynamics States at the Limit Handling
Authors: Jia Gang , Li Liang , Cao Dongpu
Published: June 2015

This technical brief proposes a new model-based estimation method for the vehicle sideslip angle, yaw rate, roll angle, and roll rate using unscented Kalman filter (UKF). Since a vehicle wheel could potentially lift off the ground during the limit handling, a switched vehicle roll dynamics model (wheel lift and no wheel lift) is developed and integrated within the proposed model-based estimation approach considering the availability of wheel speed sensor. The simulation results and analyses demonstrate the performance enhancement of the proposed estimation method over the method not considering wheel lift during the limit handling.
Formability Assessment of Prestrained Automotive Grade Steel Sheets Using Stress Based and Polar Effective Plastic Strain-Forming Limit Diagram
Authors: Basak S. , Panda S. K. , Zhou Y. N.
Published: June 2015

Accurate prediction of the formability in multistage forming process is very challenging due to the dynamic shift of limiting strain during the different stages depending on the tooling geometry and selection of the process parameters. Hence, in the present work, a mathematical framework is proposed for the estimation of stress based and polar effective plastic strain-forming limit diagram (σ- and PEPS-FLD) using the Barlat-89 anisotropic plasticity theory in conjunction with three different hardening laws such as Hollomon, Swift, and modified Voce equation. Two-stage stretch forming setup had been designed and fabricated to first prestrain in an in-plane stretch forming setup, and, subsequently, limiting dome height (LDH) testing was carried out on the prestrained blanks in the second stage to evaluate the formability. The finite element (FE) analysis of these two-stage forming process was carried out in ls-dyna for automotive grade dual-phase (DP) and interstitial-free (IF) steels, and the σ-FLD and PEPS-FLD were used as damage model to predict failure. The predicted forming behaviors, such as LDH, thinning development, and the load progression, were validated with the experimental results. It was found that the LDH in the second stage decreased with increase in the prestrain amount, and both the σ-FLD and PEPS-FLD could be able to predict the formability considering the deformation histories in the present multistage forming process with complex strain path.
Statistical Mechanics Transport Model of Magnetic Drug Targeting in Permeable Microvessel
Authors: Lin Xiaohui , Zhang Chibin , Li Kai
Published: June 2015

A transport model of magnetic drug carrier particles (MDCPs) in permeable microvessel based on statistical mechanics has been developed to investigate capture efficiency (CE) of MDCPs at the tumor position. Casson-Newton two-fluid model is used to describe the flow of blood in permeable microvessel and the Darcy model is used to characterize the permeable nature of the microvessel. Coupling effect between the interstitial fluid flow and blood flow is considered by using the Starling assumptions in the model. The Boltzmann equation is used to depict the transport of MDCPs in microvessel. The elastic collision effect between MDCPs and red blood cell is incorporated. The distribution of blood flow velocity, blood pressure, interstitial fluid pressure, and MDCPs has been obtained through the coupling solutions of the model. Based on these, the CE of the MDCPs is obtained. Present results show that the CE of the MDCPs will increase with the enhancement of the size of the MDCPs and the external magnetic field intensity. In addition, when the permeability of the inner wall is better and the inlet blood flow velocity is slow, the CE of the MDCPs will increase as well. Close agreements between the predictions and experimental results demonstrate the capability of the model in modeling transport of MDCPs in permeable microvessel.
Coaches’ Burnout, Stress, and Recovery Over a Season: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Altfeld Sebastian , Mallett Clifford J. , Kellmann Michael
Published: June 2015

The development of burnout in the vocation of sports coaching is a process that can take months or even years. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of longitudinal examination of coaches’ burnout, stress, and recovery. The present study investigated burnout, stress, and recovery of full and part-time coaches to examine possible changes during the course of the season. Twenty-five full-time and 45 part-time active German coaches of different sports and competition levels completed the German coaches’ version of the MBI and the RESTQ for Coaches at three time points. Inferential statistical analysis revealed significant changes of full-time coaches’ stress and recovery scores over the course of the season. Moreover, the work hours per week were significantly higher at the end of the season. Post hoc analysis revealed that full-time coaches whose values of perceived success decreased over the season showed increased emotional stress and decreased recovery values. Part-time coaches reported consistent stress experiences. Consequently, findings suggest that full-time coaches experienced increased emotional stress, invested more time, and had insufficient recovery during the season. Thus, the results highlighted the significant role of recovery for full-time coaches and were particularly important to enhance the understanding of coaches’ work.
Urinary incontinence following transurethral prostatectomy presenting as self inflicted penile gangrene
Authors: Mukherjee Subhabrata , Sinha Rajan Kumar , Ghosh Nabankur , Karmakar Dilip
Published: June 2015

An elderly diabetic man with a 67 g prostate developed a moderate degree of stress urinary incontinence along with urge urinary incontinence after transurethral resection of the prostate. Initially, he did not perform the recommended pelvic floor exercise and wrapped a rubber band around his penis to control the problem. He presented with late development of penile gangrene requiring partial amputation of his penis. The stress urinary incontinence subsided on subsequent follow-up. The patient is now doing well.
Delayed postpartum abdominal bleeding caused by a spontaneous ruptured branch of the internal iliac artery and successfully treated by arterial embolisation
Authors: Ebbing R M , Baumgarten M N , Tilborg G F A J B v , Reuwer P J H M
Published: June 2015

A 34-year-old gravida 2 para 1 had an uneventful second pregnancy and successful vaginal birth after caesarean section. She was readmitted on the third day postpartum with severe abdominal pain coinciding with lactation. On admission, her vital signs were stable and was expectantly managed. After an unexpected drop in haemoglobin level, a CT scan was ordered, showing a haemoperitoneum. Laparoscopy was performed and 2.5L of blood was evacuated from the peritoneal cavity, no source of the bleeding could be identified. At the intensive care unit the patient's vital signs deteriorated and her haemoglobin level dropped to 2.2 mmol/L. The patient was stabilised and instead of a laparotomy to locate the bleeding, an arterial CT and angiography were performed. This revealed the presence of a blush from a pseudoaneurysm rising from a branch of the internal iliac artery. The artery was successfully occluded by embolisation.
Ancillary role of vitamin C in pink aesthetics
Authors: Sheel Vaibhav , Purwar Parth , Dixit Jaya , Rai Priya
Published: June 2015

A smile expresses feelings of joy, affection and self-confidence in an individual. Melanin hyperpigmentation of the gingiva jeopardises the aesthetics of an individual significantly. In the present case, gingival depigmentation was performed with a surgical scalpel along with local applications of ascorbic acid, yielding satisfactory aesthetic results with low subjective pain levels, and no recurrence has been observed after 9 months of follow-up.
Frosted branch angiitis in one eye and impending CRVO in the other: a diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Kumar Abiraj , Yangzes Sonam , Singh Ramandeep
Published: June 2015

We present a unique case of frosted branch angiitis in one eye and impending central retinal vein occlusion in other eye of a pregnant woman, which could be an initial manifestation of Behçet's disease. A 28-year-old, 33 weeks pregnant woman presented with sudden diminution of vision in her right eye. Her best-corrected visual acuity was light perception in the right eye and 20/20 in her left eye. The fundus examination revealed frosted branch angiitis in the right eye and impending central retinal vein occlusion in the left eye. After a thorough initial examination, she was administered intravenous methyl prednisolone 1 g once a day for 3 days followed by oral steroids. All extensive work up to find the cause of frosted branch angiitis was negative except for positive human leukocyte antigen B51. Systemic work up was normal. On last follow-up at 6 months, the patient had visual acuity of 20/60 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Her systemic work up was normal up to follow-up. She still remains a diagnostic dilemma, with Behçet's disease as the closest diagnosis.
A novel route of revascularization in basilar artery occlusion and review of the literature
Authors: Morales Alejandro , Parry Phillip Vaughan , Jadhav Ashutosh , Jovin Tudor
Published: June 2015

Ischemia of the basilar artery is one of the most devastating types of arterial occlusive disease. Despite treatment of basilar artery occlusions (BAO) with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator, antiplatelet agents, intra-arterial therapy or a combination, fatality rates remain high. Aggressive recanalization with mechanical thrombectomy is therefore often necessary to preserve life. When direct access to the basilar trunk is not possible, exploration of chronically occluded vessels through collaterals with angioplasty and stenting creates access for manual aspiration. We describe the first report of retrograde vertebral artery (VA) revascularization using thyrocervical collaterals for anterograde mechanical aspiration of a BAO followed by stenting of the chronically occluded VA origin. Our novel retrograde–anterograde approach resulted in resolution of the patient's clinical stroke syndrome.
Management of necrotising appendicitis associated with widespread necrotising enterocolitis of the small and large bowel and perforated duodenal ulcer
Authors: Gupta Vaibhav , Zani Augusto , Jackson Paul , Singh Shailinder
Published: June 2015

A 7-year-old boy presented in septic shock secondary to appendicitis with generalised peritonitis. Following crystalloid resuscitation, he underwent surgery. Faecopurulent contamination and free air were found. This was secondary to a perforated and gangrenous appendix, multiple large and small bowel segments with perforations, patches of necrosis, interspersed with healthy bowel and segments of questionable viability. There was also a perforated duodenal ulcer. Necrotic segments were resected using a ‘clip-and-drop’ technique to shorten operative duration and guide resection to preserve bowel length. After six laparotomies and multiple bowel resections, the child was discharged home with an ileostomy that was subsequently reversed. He is currently on a normal diet and pursuing all activities appropriate for his age. Perforated appendicitis can be associated with widespread bowel necrosis and multiple perforations. A conservative damage limitation approach using the ‘clip-and-drop’ technique and relook laparotomies is useful in the management of extensive bowel necrosis in children.