bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liposomes in Medicine: An In-depth Analysis of Preparation Methods and Applications
Authors: Gupta Diptee , Agarwal Suruchi , Komire Kavitha , Kumar Vishal
Published: July 2024

Liposomes are the targeted drug administration system that offers the potential to improve the medicinal value of drugs by boosting the concentration of medication the duration of time in intended cells, thereby reducing side effects. Liposomes, which are sphere-shaped vesicles built from phospholipids and cholesterol, are being investigated extensively as a means of increasing the bioavailability and delivery of therapeutic medications. Liposomes have both hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail and exhibit eminent properties, including reduced toxicity, better biocompatibility, easily biodegradable, easy to function and enhanced sustained release of drugs with increased therapeutic efficacy. Liposomes are said to be an ideal drug-carrier system as they enhance the delivery of anticancer drugs at the tumor site. Since liposomes are amphiphilic carriers that may be modified to have various functional characteristics, they are seen as a potential technology for a range of pharmacological and industrial uses. As a potential way to carry drug delivery across cell membranes, liposomes help medications to target specific disease sites. Liposomes are employed to deliver genetic material, such as DNA fragments, to specified cells so they may synthesize certain proteins. Thus, liposomes are investigated as adaptable nano-vesicular vehicles with potential medical applications for medicinal and diagnostic purposes. The future of liposomal formulations is projected to be a multipurpose use of imaging capabilities and medicinal components in a single liposome for diagnostic and actual-time therapy. The most promising approach for topical administration is liposomal drug delivery since it is compatible with living systems and can accommodate simultaneously hydrophobic and hydrophilic medicated substances because of the amphipathic feature of phospholipids.
Solid lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carrier: A Novel Approach for Lipid-Based Drug Delivery System
Authors: Nanda Naimish , Tharmaraj Chozharajan , Panigrahi Saswati , Rani Mandadi Sandhya
Published: July 2024

Lipid nanoparticles, or LNPs, including nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), attracted a lot of attention lately. SLNs were formed to circumvent the confines of the most common colloidal carriers because of their benefits, which include a favorable profile of release and precise administration of the drug with great physical stability. NLCs are the succeeding group of lipid nanoparticles with better capacity loading and durability. There are three possible NLC structural models. These LNPs may find usage in clinical medicine, research, cosmetics, and drug delivery.
Cosmetovigilance in India: Industry Expert Perspective
Authors: Nayak Manjula , Muragundi Pradeep M , Janodia Manthan , Ligade Virendra S
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTMany cosmetic and cosmeceutical products and brands are available in the Indian market. The number of new and innovative cosmetic product categories available in India are on the rise for last two decades. The cosmetic industry ranges from local small-scale businesses to multi-crore international branded ventures. Most of the local ones are often not under any rules or regulations. There is a dearth of research on cosmetovigilance despite the growing popularity and demand for cosmetic items among consumers of cosmetics. “The term “cosmetovigilance” refers to the processes involved in assessing and keeping track of unprompted reports of unfavorable outcomes during or following regular or reasonably anticipated use of a cosmetic product.”Objective: The purpose of the study is to understand the cosmetovigilance system from industry experts’ perspectives with special reference to regulatory aspects in the Indian context.Method: This is a cross-sectional qualitative and quantitative study; the data was collected through a structured questionnaire and through a questionnaire guide from selected industrial regulatory experts (targeted respondents). The purposive sampling and convincing methods were used for the study. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data.Result: Around 73% of regulatory experts said that companies should follow the regulatory guidelines for ensuring the safety and labeling of cosmetics. Around 66.6% responded that they have not come across any ACE reporting form by CDSCO. From the point of view of consumer safety, the establishment of cosmetovigilance practises and a reporting form is essential. Nevertheless, the companies try their best to control the safety aspects of cosmetic products.
Quality by Design Approach for the Stability Indicating Method Development and Validation of Selpercatinib Drug Formulation by using RP-HPLC
Authors: Nhavale Geeta , Gudge Rahul , Patel Arshu , Barde Kailas
Published: July 2024

In method development quality design approach is useful for method goal identification evaluation, method selection and risk assessment. Selpercatinib is a drug used in the treatment of certain types of cancer. The method development includes selecting appropriate chromatographic conditions such as the mobile phase composition, column, and selection wave length. The aim is to achieve optimum separation and quantification of selpercatinib in the dosage form. Optimizing chromatographic conditions by using design expert software. The mobile phase methanol and 0.1% Acetic acid are used. The mobile phase range is 80:20 v/v. The range of this mobile phase is 80:20 .0.7 mL/min found flow rate. The retention time of selpercatinib is 3.20 minutes. The assay was found to be 99.01% for selpercatinib. Optimization was performed. Factorial design performed, i.e., flow rate and percentages of methanol. Analysis of variance confirmed that method parameters. UV detection at 220 nm. The International Council of Harmonization (ICH) guidelines ensure the accurate, precise and reliable results to validate the parameters is an acceptable range. Stress studies reveal that drugs were degraded acidic conditions, alkaline conditions, neutral conditions, oxidative conditions, and photolytic conditions. Hence the proposed method was stability, indicating using quality by design (QbD) approach all the method parameters were better understood. This systematic approach ensures a thorough understanding of the assay, facilitates process optimization, and enables effective control strategies to reduce variability and enhance product quality.
Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activity of Stem and Leaves Parts of Cissus woodrowii (Stapf ex Cooke) Santapau
Authors: Patil Pallavi N , Gilhotra Ritu M , Sharma Shweta , Wadkar Kiran A
Published: July 2024

The contemporary investigation aimed to assess the hepatoprotective potential of Cissus woodrowii (Stapf ex Cooke) Santapau against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity. Through evaluating antioxidant levels in liver tissues and blood marker enzymes, it was observed that administration of the plant extract at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly mitigated liver damage caused by carbon tetrachloride. The study found that carbon tetrachloride-induced reductions in total protein, catalase, glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, while increasing levels of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, lipid peroxidation, and aspartate aminotransferase. However, rats treated with varying doses of the plant extract exhibited restoration towards normal levels of serum marker enzymes and antioxidants, contrasting with those solely exposed to carbon tetrachloride. These findings collectively suggest that C. woodrowii (Stapf ex Cooke) Santapau possesses antioxidant properties and exerts a hepato-protective effect against CCl4-induced liver impairment in rats.
LC-MS/MS Bioanalytical Procedure for Atrasentan in Human Plasma: Method Development and Validation
Authors: Reddy Konatham TK , Haque M Akiful
Published: July 2024

11ABSTRACTObjectives: The objective of this work is to establish a bioanalytical technique for the quantification of atrasentan. The employed methodology for the detection and quantification of atrasentan in human plasma has a high degree of specificity, sensitivity, and simplicity. Methods: Shimadzu pumps were utilized in conjunction with an Autosampler Agilent Zorbax XDB C18 2.1 × 50 mm, 5 μm column employed as a stationary phase to achieve the chromatographic separation. Acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid) and 5 mM ammonium formate made up the mobile phase, which was optimized to have a 70:30% v/v ratio. Isocratic elution was employed in the experiment, with a flow rate of 0.150 mL/min. The entire cycle took 3.0 minutes, using a 10 μL injection volume. Results: The detection procedure is executed utilizing positive ion mode electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry under atmospheric pressure. For atrasentan, the precursor to product ion transitions used for quantification was m/z 511.623 to 354.15 and for the internal standard, verapamil, m/z 455.22 to 165. 02. The retention times for atrasentan and verapamil were found to be 1.68 and 0.96 minutes, respectively.Conclusion: In accordance with the recommendations of the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) and EMA, it was ascertained that the remaining validation parameters remained within the specified range.
Prediction of Warfarin Dosage Based on Genotype (VKORC1) – 1639 G>A – rs9923231 In South Indian Populations
Authors: Bala Ankani , R Sivaraj
Published: July 2024

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), characterized by thrombus formation in veins, ranks as the third most prevalent vascular disease globally after myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are common clinical manifestations of VTE, with potentially fatal consequences. In this study, the mean daily warfarin dose using VKORC1 (-1639 G>A) rs9923231 genotyping will be established in order to categorize warfarin treatment into high, moderate, and low-dose groups within the South Indian population. Methods and Materials: A cohort of 192 patients was enrolled, and genotyping was conducted using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. Results: In our study sample, the A allele frequency was 23.9%, and the AA genotype frequency was 12.5%. The mean daily doses required by AA homozygous (1.54 ± 1.05 mg/day) and GA heterozygous (2.93 ± 2.03 mg/day) genotype carriers were considerably lower to attain the optimal international normalized ratio (INR) than those of GG genotype carriers (4.07 ± 1.75 mg/day), with a p-value of 0.866. Conclusion: Our findings strongly advocate for incorporating VKORC1 polymorphism analysis in South Indian patients with DVT to guide the initial warfarin dosage genetically.
Utilization of Box Behnken Design for the Development and Evaluation of Luliconazole-loaded Nanoemulgel
Authors: Saish Pawar , Ashwin Kuchekar
Published: July 2024

Pharmaceutical research is always looking for novel ways to distribute drugs and developing these methods to increase the effectiveness of existing medications. The physicochemical characteristics of the drug determine the dose form. Lipophilic API development is a result of recent discoveries in high-throughput screening. A topical broad-spectrum antifungal agent is luliconazole. Due to its lower water solubility, topical administration is limited, and topical absorption is confined. The stratum corneum’s lipid phase’s solubility of the medication also serves as a rate-limiting step for penetration. Because fungal infections impact the skin’s epidermis, dermis, and deeper layers, medicine administration must be tailored to target high drug concentrations at the layers of the epidermis and dermis
Anti-hyperglycemic Activity of the Piper longum Dried Fruit Extract on the Experimental Animal Model
Authors: Zod Neha L , Ingle Rahul G
Published: July 2024

Predominately, in the Indian tradition, the species Piper longum could play a significant role in the management of several severe disorders such as asthma, tuberculosis, rheumatism, and epilepsy. Mostly, the plant root would be responsible for treating insomnia, rheumatism, and epilepsy, as well as plant leaves for a prevailing stimulant for both the digestive and the respiratory systems. The alcoholic extract of P. longum fruits showed antiamoebic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory potential in experimental animals. In addition to these benefits, the current study concluded that the examination of the ethanolic extract of P. longum fruits as an anti-hyperglycemic in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic animal model (Wistar rats). A diabetic condition could be induced in an animal model by dissolving STZ in a 0.1 M citrate buffer of pH 4.5. It was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight in the animal test model. All the test animals were fed with a 5% dextrose solution to control overnight hypoglycemic conditions. Subsequently, 48 hours of hyperglycemic test animals were selected for the study. The observed anti-hyperglycemic effect of ethanolic extract of P. longum dried fruits should correspond to that of the reference standard, i.e., glibenclamide. The study reveals that the ethanolic extract of P. longum fruits has a promising potential as an anti-hyperglycemic in the STZ-induced diabetic animal test model. So, it is presumed that the ethanolic extract of P. longum could be a promising alternative for severe diabetes complications such as hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, etc., in the near future
Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Anthelminthic Activities of Traditionally used Ocimum basilicum L., and Ocimum tenuiflorum L. Extract Loaded Emulsion
Authors: Gangopadhyay Annanya , Panda Suvendu Sekhar , Padmasri Budumuru , Panda Nageswar
Published: July 2024

The demand for cosmeceuticals is rapidly expanding. Various phytoconstituents are identified from Ocimum basilicum and O. tenuiflorum and have several pharmacological properties. The present study aimed to formulate a novel alternative herbal formulation for topical administration with natural antioxidant properties for the treatment of inflammatory conditions with the destructive capacity of parasitic worms. The egg albumin denaturation technique was used to evaluate the test formulations’ and the standard’s in-vitro anti-inflammatory properties, and the hydrogen peroxide assay was used to measure the extracts’ antioxidant properties. Eudrilus eugeniae was the target of the investigation into in-vitro anthelmintic action. The pH of the cream was 6.8 (average), it was easily spreadable and washable, no gritty particles were found and the dye test confirmed that it was an o/w type of cream. The egg albumin denaturation technique was utilized to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties. The results cleared those herbal formulations (F1 and F2) and protein denaturation was decreased by diclofenac sodium (Standard) in a dose-dependent manner. Test samples exhibited higher anti-inflammatory activities than the standard with their percentage inhibitions being 41.5 ± 0.5 (F2), 39.1 ± 0.4 mg/mL (F1), and 37.3 ± 0.3 mg/mL (F-Standard), respectively. Antioxidants are compounds that either completely stop or significantly reduce the harm that free unstable radicals. F2 showed a higher concentration-dependent anthelmintic activity than F1 and standard albendazole. Increasing the concentration decreases the paralysis and death time of earthworms. Finally concluded that F2 indicates higher anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic activities than others with high natural antioxidant power.
FDA Approved Niraparib-based Virtual Screening and Molecular Docking Studies to Discover Novel 6NRF Protein Modulator for Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Bethi Siddartha , Deshmukh Swapnil , Lunkad Amit , Tare Manoj , Bhise Manish
Published: July 2024

The abstract summarizes the findings of a comprehensive analysis of chemical compounds, focusing on their potential therapeutic relevance in ovarian cancer treatment. Utilizing data from the ChEMBL database, pharmacophore-based screening identified compounds with promising activity against ovarian cancer, with notable catching scores ranging from 0.556 to 1.000. Crystallographic refinement metrics highlighted improvements in structural accuracy and quality following PDB-REDO refinement, with reductions in R and R-free values and significant enhancements in bond length RMS Z-scores. Molecular docking studies revealed predicted binding affinities ranging from -9.6 to -8.4, indicating strong interactions with target proteins. ADME analysis of niraparib, a lead compound, demonstrated favorable physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic profiles, with Lipinski, Ghose, Veber, and Egan’s rules for drug-likeness and bioavailability met. Toxicity prediction models identified potential organ toxicity endpoints, with neurotoxicity, respiratory toxicity, and immunotoxicity showing active involvement. These findings underscore the complexity of structure-activity relationships and the importance of predictive models in guiding drug discovery efforts and ensuring safety profiles. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the landscape of PARP inhibitors and their potential in advancing personalized medicine approaches for ovarian cancer therapy.
Fabrication, Evaluation and In-vitro, In-vivo Efficacy of Electrospun Nanofiber Mats of Tinospora cordifolia Extract and Curcumin
Authors: SB Nagansurkar , Yadav Hemant KS , Abhay Raizaday
Published: July 2024

The current research work highlights the fabrication and evaluation of nanofiber mats prepared using electrospinning technology containing Tinospora cordifolia extract and curcumin incorporated in chitosan polymer. The study of the prepared mats was carried out to optimize the formulations, to check in-vitro antibacterial activity, and to establish the effectiveness in diabetic wound healing by conducting an animal study. The nanofiber mats of curcumin and leaf extract of T. cordifolia using chitosan as a base polymer were prepared, optimized, and evaluated for antibacterial activity in-vitro, while their ability to enhance the wound healing process was checked using an animal model. The research parameters included the rate at which the wound contracted besides the time taken for epithelialization by using the wound healing model- excision technique. The results we found are encouraging for further studies. The nanofibers showed good antibacterial potential and faster healing of wounds. The research finished by developing an improved new formulation that effectively combats bacterial resistance, a common problem in the diabetic wound healing process. The mixture will not only fight resistant bacteria, but it will also help diabetic wounds heal faster because the T. cordifolia leaf extract is known to improve blood vessel growth and tissue remodeling.
Evaluation of the Anticancer Effects of Nigella sativa Stem Extract using Inhibition of Cell Proliferation
Authors: Patra Darshana , AG Malini Shetty , Mahishi Parinitha , Patil Sharangouda J
Published: July 2024

The unregulated spread of abnormal cells across the body characterizes cancer, one of the most devastating diseases that humanity has ever encountered. The normal process of cell division occurs when the body needs new cells to replace damaged or dead cells. The study found that Nigella sativa stem has anticancer activity, with phenols, flavonoids, saponins, and glycosides present in its phytochemical screening. In an in-vivo study, rats supplemented with N. sativa showed no significant changes in liver and heart architecture, serum ALT and AST levels, or liver tissue pathology. We still don’t know which chemical components in the stem are responsible for its anticancer action, but the study did find that participants’ body weights stayed healthy.
Unveiling the Therapeutic Potential of Syzygium cumini: A Network Pharmacology Exploration of Targets and Mechanisms
Authors: Bethi Siddartha , Patil Jayashri , Thube Ujjwala , Choudante Shubham
Published: July 2024

This study delves into the therapeutic potential of Syzygium cumini, a medicinal plant known for its rich bioactive compounds such as quercetin, myricetin, myrcene, and β-sitosterol. By using a network pharmacology approach, we aimed to uncover the mechanisms behind its pharmacological effects, especially concerning breast cancer management and its associated complications. Firstly, we conducted an extensive analysis of the bioactive compounds in S. cumini, identifying numerous molecules with potential therapeutic benefits. These compounds, recognized for their varied biological activities, provided a foundation for understanding the plant’s medicinal properties. Next, using network pharmacology techniques, we explored the complex interactions between these bioactive compounds and their potential targets within the human body. By mapping out these targets and disease-related genes, we built a network that illuminated the intricate mechanisms through which S. cumini exerts its effects. Particularly intriguing were the high-affinity interactions found, such as those between prostaglandinendoperoxide synthase 2 and Cytochrome P450 Family 19 Subfamily A Member 1. These interactions are promising for targeted therapeutic interventions and warrant further investigation to fully understand their roles in disease modulation. Additionally, pathway analysis highlighted several key biological processes and signaling pathways involved in breast cancer pathogenesis. Metabolic pathways, estrogen signaling, and proteoglycans in cancer emerged as crucial pathways influenced by the bioactive compounds in S. cumini. Understanding how these pathways are modulated provides valuable insights into the plant’s potential effectiveness in breast cancer management. In summary, our study offers a deeper insight into the pharmacological properties of S. cumini and its potential application in breast cancer therapy. By elucidating the molecular mechanisms behind its therapeutic effects, we pave the way for further exploration and clinical development of this herbal remedy for breast cancer and its related complications.
Analytical Method Development by Using UV-Spectrophotometer for Estimation of Valsartan in Bulk
Authors: Dhobale Gayatri , Kanawade Saurabh , Hande Rupali , Dhobale Shankar , Tare Harshal
Published: July 2024

In order to accurately determine valsartan (API), this work aims to build a straightforward and exact UV spectroscopic approach. To improve sensitivity and accuracy, the procedure entails methodically optimizing experimental parameters, including solvent choice and wavelength selection. The produced stock solutions were tested for absorbance at 249 nm using a UV spectrophotometer. With %RSD values below 2% for both intra- and inter-day, the devised approach was determined to be quite accurate. At each additional concentration, the approach was shown to be accurate, yielding good drug recoveries ranging from 98 to 101%. The process was validated for linearity, specificity, accuracy, precision and limit of detection (LoD) and limit of quantification (LoQ) as per International Council of Harmonization (ICH) criteria. Its dependability for quantitative analysis of valsartan in pharmaceutical formulations was demonstrated. This UV spectroscopic approach offers a cost-effective and efficient alternative for routine quality control in pharmaceutical industries.
An Innovative RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Montelukast and Ebastine in Tablet Formulations: Development, Validation, and Stability Assessment
Authors: Leelavathy E , Shaheedha SM
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to develop and validate an innovative reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the simultaneous estimation of montelukast sodium (MNK) and ebastine (EBA) in tablet formulations. Utilizing a Shimadzu LC2010CHT system with a Phenomenex Luna C18 column, the mobile phase consisted of ammonium acetate buffer, acetonitrile, and methanol in a 12:55:33 ratio, with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detection at 250 nm. Validation followed ICH guidelines, assessing linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, and stability under various stress conditions. Both MNK and EBA showed excellent linearity within 16 to 24 μg/mL with correlation coefficients of 0.999. Accuracy was confirmed through recovery studies showing 98 to 102% mean recoveries. Precision was demonstrated with %RSD values below 2%. The method remained robust under slight variations in conditions, and stability studies indicated minimal degradation of both drugs. The developed RP-HPLC method proved rapid, precise, and robust for the simultaneous quantification of montelukast and ebastine in tablet formulations, demonstrating practicality and reliability for pharmaceutical quality control.
Psidium guajava Linn Leaves Extracts: A Potential Digestive Enzyme Inhibitor in the Treatment of Obesity
Authors: Patil Shubhangi A , Salve Pratibha S , Sawale Jyotiram A , Chivate Niranjan D
Published: July 2024

Obesity is a major worldwide problem and is associated with metabolic disorders, including hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Many researchers focus on herbal plants rich with polyphenols are potent inhibitors of digestive enzymes and could be used as antihyperlipidemic and antihyperglycemic and hence useful in obesity treatment. The present work deals with the determination of the inhibitory effect of Psidium guajava Linn (Guava) leaves extract on digestive enzymes. Our findings confirmed that guava leaf extracts inhibit two primary enzymes, α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Similarly, investigated pancreatic lipase inhibition potential. The leaf extracts of P. guajava demonstrated significant anti-obesity properties by inhibiting key enzymes associated with obesity development. The aqueous extract exhibited pancreatic lipase inhibition ranging from 19.25 to 38.51%, while the methanolic extract showed inhibition between 22.96 to 46.66%. Additionally, the aqueous extract displayed α-amylase inhibition ranging from 43.10 to 62.06%, and the methanolic extract showed inhibition between 48.27 to 62.06%. Moreover, the aqueous extract demonstrated α-glucosidase inhibition between 13.11 to 49.18%, and the methanolic extract displayed inhibition ranging from 29.50 to 60.65% for 200 to 1000 μg/mL concentrations. The inhibitory activity observed was dosedependent for all three enzymes.
Exploring the Pharmacological Potential of Fisetin: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Telrandhe Umesh B , Shete Vaishnavi S , Vaidya Sunita N
Published: July 2024

Fisetin, a hydrophobic polyphenolic molecule, is a naturally occurring flavonoid commonly found in fruits and vegetables. The popularity of fisetin comes mainly from its many different medical uses. Known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, fisetin is likely to be useful in the treatment of just about any inflammatory disease. Its ability to induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) and encourage tumor regression is another key reason fisetin’s anti-cancer effects are so striking Furthermore, fisetin has excellent antibacterial capabilities, its spectrum encompassing all kinds of bugs: bacteria, viruses of many types and fungi. Notably, fisetin also exhibits neuroprotective and cardioprotective attributes, making it a compound of significant interest for multiple health-related applications. It also shows promise in controlling diabetes and shielding the skin from UV ray damage. Preclinical research has suggested the effectiveness of fisetin, but further investigation, including clinical trials, is necessary to confirm its safety and effectiveness in humans. Furthermore, this review would benefit future studies on fisetin’s therapeutic potential.
Compilation of Scientific Data for Newly CDSCO-Approved Antidiabetic Drugs in Last Five Years: A Review
Authors: Tiwari Archita , Mishra Bharat , Mishra Shrishti
Published: July 2024

Diabetes is a substantial medical problem that is increasing globally due to a rise in sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy eating habits, and obesity rates. There is a tight relationship between diabetes with obesity. Several epidemiological studies suggested that 80% of T2D patients are obese or overweight. Indeed, the immune system assaults the pancreatic beta cells that produce insulin in T1D, an autoimmune disease. High blood sugar levels occur when the body generates very little insulin. is frequently linked to unhealthy habits, including not getting enough exercise, eating poorly, and being overweight. Heart disease, diabetic neuropathy, kidney problems, ketoacidosis, and nerve damage are only some of the many health consequences that are more common with both types. Antidiabetic drugs like metformin can be used to lower the blood glucose level. Sulfonylureas, glinides, and thiazolidinediones are some most common oral antidiabetics (OADs), and for newly analyzed type 2 diabetes, glucosidase inhibitors are cost-effective strategies to improve glycaemic control. As a second line of defense against T2D, you may be prescribed an enzyme inhibitor (DPP-4i), an inhibitor of renal SGLT-2i, or an agonist for glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor. Poor adherence to oral antidiabetic medication regimens is associated with therapy failure and other consequences in patients with type 2 diabetes, which is a collective medical problem. Acarbose, miglitol, alogliptin, sitagliptin, sitagliptin-metformin, tirzepatide, liraglutide, nateglinide, rapeglinide, dopagliflozin, empagliflozin-metformin, glipizide-metformin, glimepiride-pioglitazone, glipizide, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone-alogliptin, and pioglitazone-metformin, among other antidiabetic medications, have been approved for use in India by CDSCO. All across the world, regulatory bodies are in charge of making sure that pharmaceuticals are safe, effective, and up to par at every stage of the drug lifecycle, from development to manufacture to marketing. Their job is to keep the public healthy
A Promising Nature Gift Acalypha hispida: A Review
Authors: Jodh Rahul V , Kawtikwar Pravin , Kawtikwar Ankita P , Khobragade Samiksha
Published: July 2024

Acalypha hispida is classified within the taxonomic family Euphorbiaceae. It is a tropical shrub and an annual plant that is colloquially referred to as the chenille plant or Red hot cat tail. The species under consideration is indigenous to the southern Pacific region, specifically the Malay Archipelago and many islands within the East Indies. The plant is frequently used as a decorative element in outdoor and indoor settings. Historically, the leaves have been recognized for their laxative and diuretic properties and employed in the therapeutic management of leprosy and gonorrhea. Various plant components are additionally employed in treating infectious diarrhea respiratory ailments and as an expectorant for asthma. A. hispida has been documented to possess many pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, antimicrobial, antifungal, trypanocidal, and cytotoxic effects. The analysis of A. hispida provides a comprehensive overview of its pharmacological properties, chemical composition, biological effects, and toxicological investigation. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the research conducted on the plant, aiming to provide current and relevant information for future investigations.
Advancements in Urolithiasis Treatment: Current Strategies, Future Challenges, and Integrating Traditional Wisdom into Modern Medicine:A Review
Authors: Kumar Bhupendra , Kothiyal Preeti , Mukhopadhyay Sayantan
Published: July 2024

Urolithiasis, the formation of urinary tract stones, remains a prevalent and painful condition that affects millions of individuals worldwide. This article explores the current treatment strategies for urolithiasis, including minimally invasive procedures, dietary modifications, and pharmacological interventions. We also address the ongoing challenges in managing this condition, such as the high recurrence rates and potential complications. Looking to the future, we examine the prospects for innovative technologies, including targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine approaches, to enhance urolithiasis treatment. Furthermore, we discuss the promising potential of integrating traditional knowledge and remedies from various cultures into the modern medical system. This integration not only offers new avenues for preventive and curative therapies but also underscores the importance of preserving and respecting the wisdom of traditional healing practices. By exploring both established and emerging treatment options and considering the implementation of traditional knowledge, this article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of urolithiasis management, future challenges, and potential solutions. It emphasizes the need for a holistic approach that combines the best of modern medicine with the insights of traditional healing systems to improve the quality of care for urolithiasis patients.
Obinutuzumab in Difficult to Treat Phospholipase A2 Receptor Positive Membranous Nephropathy: Our Experience at a Tertiary Care Center in North India
Authors: Jha Vijoy Kumar , Panda Sanjay Kumar , Rai Shailendra Kumar , Srivastava Atul Kumar
Published: July 2024

Obinutuzumab is a glycoengineered type II anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with superior B cell cytotoxicity compared to rituximab. Various case reports suggest that in refractory phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) positive membranous nephropathy (MN) patients, Obinutuzumab led to immunologic remission and improvement in proteinuria. In the present case series, we present six cases of difficult-to-treat PLA2R-associated MN refractory to prednisolone, calcineurin inhibitor (CNI), cyclophosphamide, and rituximab but subsequently responded to Obinutuzumab. Five out of six cases showed partial /complete clinical remission and immunological remission (IR) with normalization of serum albumin and stable renal function. Though this drug’s long-term efficacy and impact remain unclear, it is being increasingly considered for PLA2R-associated MN resistant to standard therapy.
A Unique Case of Joubert Syndrome with Concurrent IgA Nephropathy and Nephronophthisis in an Adult Patient
Authors: Shankar Mythri , Anusha V. , Shetty Aditya , Sreedhara CG , Vinay KS , Aralapuram Kishan , Reddy G. Gireesh
Published: July 2024

A 30-year-old male born from a consanguineous marriage, with intellectual disability, developmental delay and Type 1 diabetes presented with polyuria and uremic symptoms. Physical examination revealed hypertension, retinitis pigmentosa, bilateral rotatory grade 3 nystagmus, eyelid droop, truncal obesity, acanthosis nigricans, and muscle hypotonia. Laboratory tests indicated kidney dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed the “molar tooth sign,” a hallmark of Joubert syndrome. The kidney biopsy highlighted features of IgA nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy, and nephronophthisis. Whole exome sequencing identified a homozygous nonsense variant in the AHI1 gene, known to cause Joubert syndrome 3. This case is unique due to its genetic proof of an AHI1 mutation causing Joubert syndrome in an Indian patient and the co-occurrence of IgA nephropathy with nephronophthisis.
PENGARUH PELAKSANAAN REMOTE AUDIT TERHADAP KINERJA PEMERIKSA BPK PERWAKILAN PROVINSI RIAU SELAMA MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Sanusi Ariyanto
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui Pengaruh Penggunaan  Remote Audit terhadap Kinerja Pemeriksa pada Kantor BPK Provinsi  Riau. Variabel yang di gunakan dalam penelitian terdiri atas variabel independen yaitu Penggunaan dan variabel dependen yakni kinerja pemeriksa keuangan pada masa Pandemi . Untuk mengetahui pengaruh tersebut digunakan metode deskriptif dalam bentuk studi pengaruh (correlation studies) dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, diharapkan akan didapatkan hasil pengukuran yang lebih akurat tentang respon yang diberikan oleh responden, sehingga data yang berbentuk angka tersebut dapat diolah dengan   menggunakan statistik yaitu uji normalitas, uji validitas , reliabilitas  serta uji hipotesa T dan F. Populasi dalam penelitian ini di batasi pada pemeriksa keuangan Kantor BPK Provinsi Riau. Sampel penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah sebanyak 30 orang pemeriksa keuangan. Pengambilan sampel dalam  menggunakan kuosioner yang mengunakan skala likert. Analisis data dilakukan pada taraf signifikan 95%. Alat analisis yang digunakan  dalam penelitian adalah analisis regresi. Hasil analisis dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa variabel Pelaksanaan Remote Audit berpengaruh positif terhadap Kinerja BPK Perwakilan Provinsi Riau Selama Masa Pandemi.
ANALISIS VALUE FOR MONEY PADA KINERJA ANGGARAN REALISASI DINAS SOSIAL KABUPATEN BENGKALIS PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Abdul Rahman Ikhsan , Efi Susanti
Published: July 2024

This study aims to analyze the performance accountability of the Bengkalis District Social Servicethrough the principle of value for money. The type of research used is qualitative. Data collectiontechniques used are documentation and interviews. The data obtained are in the form of Performance Reports of Government Agencies of the Bengkalis Regency Social Service in 2020 and 2021. The results of this study indicate that in 2020 the economic calculation with a ratio value of 97.12% is categorized as economic, the efficiency calculation with a ratio value of 102.79% is said to be efficient. , and the calculation of effectiveness with a ratio value of 106.76%is categorized as effectiveness. In 2021 economic calculations with a ratio value of 88.91% are categorized as economical, efficiency calculations with a ratio value of 110.67% are categorizedas efficient, and effectiveness calculations with a ratio value of 99.14% are categorized as ineffective. Thus, the performance of the Bengkalis District Social Service in 2020 and 2021 in terms of economic, efficiency, and effectiveness (3E) elements has not met the value for money principle.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN AKUNTANSI PERKOPERASIAN PADA KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM BUDI KARYA LUBUK TERAP SOREK SATU
Authors: Dian Saputra  , Herliana Wahyuningsih
Published: July 2024

This research was conducted at the Savings and Loans Cooperative Budi Karya Lubuk Terap Sorek Satu with the aim of knowing whether the accounting practices used by the Savings and Loans Cooperative Budi Karya Lubuk Terap Sorek Satu were following generally accepted accounting principles. This study uses a descriptive methodology and a qualitative design. Technical analysis uses descriptive qualitative data analysis or data studies that characterize words or sentences and produce conclusions by taking a theoretical and logical approach to the existing subject. The study findings show that cooperatives have not made financial statements and accounting procedures that are transparent. Therefore, it is important to review the methods used in the preparation of financial statements. Transactions, journals, ledgers, trial balances, adjusting journals, worksheets, and financial statements are the first steps in preparing financial statements. After doing the research, it can be concluded that the Savings and Loans Cooperative Budi Karya Lubuk Terap Sorek Satu does not use accounting by generally accepted accounting standards.
PENGARUH CEO TENUR, RAPAT DEWAN DIREKSI, EARNING POWER DAN PENGUNGKAPAN CSR TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Transportasi dan Logistik yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2019-2021)
Authors: Yani Rizka , Yusrawati  , Abrar
Published: July 2024

This study is entitled The Influence of Ceo Tenur, Board of Directors Meetings, Earning Power and Disclosure of CSR on Profit Management in Transportation and Logistics Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2021 period. This study aims to see the influence of CEO Tenur, Board of Directors Meetings, Earning Power and CSR disclosure on Profit Management. This research is a descriptive quantitative research. The population in this study are 28 transportation and logistics companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2021 period. Samples were taken based on purposive sampling technique in order to obtain 28 companies that met the research criteria. Data analysis using multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of data analysis conducted by Ceo Tenur, Board of Directors Meetings, Earning power and CSR simultaneously affect Profit Management. Meetings of the Board of Directors and Earning Power have an effect on Profit Management while CEO Tenure and CSR have no effect on Earning Management
PROFITABILITAS, LEVERAGE, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL, DAN DEWAN KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN TERHADAP PRAKTIK PENGHINDARAN PAJAK
Authors: Pratami Yolanda , Putra Andika Pratama
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan mengidentifikasi pengaruh profitabilitas, leverage, ukuran perusahaan, kepemilikan institusional, dan dewan komisaris independen terhadap penghindaran pajak pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2019 – 2021. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur sub sector makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dengan periode 2019 – 2021. Dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling didapatkan sampel sebanyak 18 perusahaan selama 3 tahun sehingga total sampel 51 setelah outlier. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 23. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa leverage, ukuran perusahaan,dan dewan komisaris independen berpengaruh sementara profitabiltas dan kepemilikan institusional tidak berpenagruh terhadap penghindaran pajak.
RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND ENTERPRISE COMPETITIVENESS
Authors: Мидаева Х.У. , Магомадова З.С. , Джабраилов Д.Х.
Published: July 2024

Основной силой выживания и развития предприятия являет- ся его конкурентоспособность, а повышение конкурентоспособности пред- приятия должно основываться на научной и передовой системе управления человеческими ресурсами. В то же время повышение конкурентоспособно- сти предприятия также поможет предприятиям привлекать больше выдаю- щихся специалистов, что, в свою очередь, будет способствовать развитию управления человеческими ресурсами в более комплексном направлении. В данной статье в основном дается подробное описание концепций и уров- ней управления человеческими ресурсами, а также обсуждается внутренняя связь между управлением человеческими ресурсами и корпоративной конку- рентоспособностью, которая имеет определенное справочное значение для развития современных предприятий.
Digital society in a region: issues of formation and ways of solving them on the basis of the labor market management in the agrarian sector
Authors: Лазарева Н.В. , Альбориева С.Н. , Бамматханова М.К.
Published: July 2024

Цель работы состоит в определении проблем формирования цифрового общества в регионе в современных условиях и путей их решения на базе управления рынком труда в аграрном секторе на примере регионов Северо-Кавказского федерального округа Российской Федерации. Авторами произведена экспертная оценка, направленная на выявление указанных показателей развития цифрового общества в аграрном секторе регионов Северо-Кавказского федерального округа Российской Федерации. С помощью метода регрессионного анализа определена линейная зависимость уровня информатизации (цифровизации) общества в регионах Северо-Кавказского федерального округа Российской Федерации в 2022 г. От значений отобранных показателей. Определено, что рынок труда в аграрном секторе оказывает существенный вклад в формирование и развитие цифрового общества в современных регионах, что доказал опыт регионов Северо-Кавказского федерального округа Российской Федерации. Актуальные проблемы формирования цифрового общества на рынке труда в аграрном секторе рассматриваемых регионов связаны с низким уровнем цифровой конкуренции, низким спросом на цифровые кадры и низкой доступностью цифровых технологий.
The role and place of IFRS in the national accounting system in Russia
Authors: Вандина О.Г.
Published: July 2024

В данной статье исследуется роль и место Международных стандартов финансовой отчётности (МСФО) в системе национального учёта в России. Статья начинается с обзора основных понятий и принципов МСФО, подчеркивая их важность в создании единой и сопоставимой финансовой отчётности на мировом уровне. Далее, проводится сравнительный анализ МСФО и национальных стандартов финансовой отчётности в России, выявляя ключевые различия и сходства, а также обсуждая перспективы и вызовы, связанные с переходом на МСФО. Также в статье рассматриваются преимущества использования МСФО, такие как привлекательность для иностранных инвесторов, улучшение прозрачности и сопоставимости финансовой информации, и анализирует недостатки, такие как сложность перехода и дополнительные затраты. Обсуждаются перспективы использования МСФО в России, подчёркивая важность баланса между потенциальными выгодами и вызовами, а также необходимость тщательного обсуждения и анализа с целью принятия обоснованных решений в пользу интеграции МСФО в российскую практику бухгалтерского учёта и отчётности.
MAIN ASPECTS OF STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF PROCUREMENT ACTIVITIES
Authors: Озумбеков У.Д.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлено исследование стратегического раз- вития закупочной деятельности, подчеркивая его критическую роль в обе- спечении конкурентоспособности и устойчивости современных компаний. Исследование начато с анализа исторического контекста, демонстрируя эволюцию закупок и их влияние на бизнес-процессы. Далее рассматривают- ся разнообразные методы и инструменты стратегического планирования, их применение и вклад в формирование эффективных закупочных стратегий. Особое внимание уделяется риск-менеджменту, выявлению и минимизации потенциальных угроз, а также использованию современных технологий и инноваций для оптимизации закупочных процессов. Мы также обозначили значимость устойчивого развития и корпоративной социальной ответствен- ности, подчеркивая их роль в создании положительного имиджа компании и укреплении доверия со стороны стейкхолдеров. В статье представлен обзор развития партнерских отношений с постав- щиками, рассматривая методы и стратегии для построения долгосрочных и взаимовыгодных отношений. В целом, данное исследование предоставляет рекомендации для специалистов в области закупок, стремящихся к иннова- циям, эффективности и устойчивому развитию в сложившихся рыночных ус- ловиях.
Research of modern methods, mechanisms and tools of innovation management in the pharmaceutical industry
Authors: Пронузо Д.О.
Published: July 2024

В статье изложен взгляд автора на исследование современных методов, механизмов и инструментов управления инновациями в фармацевтической отрасли. Приведены основные методы управления инновациями на фармацевтических предприятиях. Проводится анализ основных планируемых показателей на примере государственной программы развития фармацевтической отрасли и здравоохранения ФАРМА-2030.
ECONOMIC SECURITY AND COMPLIANCE IN BUSINESS PROCESSES
Authors: Лазарева Н.В. , Кущ Е.Н. , Семенова Л.В.
Published: July 2024

В данной статье авторы рассматривают примерную ситуацию экономической безопасности и комплаенса в бизнес-процессах. Под ком- плаенсом подразумевают часть системы управления или контроля в органи- зации, связанная с рисками несоответствия, несоблюдения требований за- конодательства, нормативных документов, правил и стандартов надзорных органов, отраслевых ассоциаций и саморегулируемых организаций, кодексов поведения и так далее. Комплаенс-риски в конечном итоге могут проявлять- ся в форме применения юридических санкций или санкций регулирующих ор- ганов, финансовых или репутационных потерь как результат несоответствия законам, правилам и стандартам в сфере комплаенса. Об этом и о многом другом рассмотрено в данной статье.