bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Petrophysical Facies Classification Based on Fuzzy Inference Networks
Authors: Pan Jun Hui , Wang Hui , Yang Xiao Gang
Published: March 2013

Aiming at the petrophysical facies recognition, a novel identification method based on the weighted fuzzy reasoning networks is proposed in the paper. First, the types and indicators are obtained from core analysis data and the results given by experts, and then the standard patterning database of reservoir petrophysical facies is established. Secondly, by integrating expert experiences and quantitative indicators to reflect the change of petrophysical facies, the classification model of petrophysical facies based on the weighted fuzzy reasoning networks is designed. The preferable application results are presented by processing the real data from the Sabei development zone of Daqing oilfield.
Development of Health Monitor Instrument Based on LabVIEW
Authors: Wang Zhi Dong , Guo Yu
Published: March 2013

Heart sound signal; LabVIEW2009; Navigation; Remote Monitoring. Abstract. Heart sound signal contains much information about physiology and pathology of heart, which has the irreplaceable advantages over ECG and ultrasonic electrocardiogram. Therefore, the effective diagnosis of PCG signal can improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This paper mainly introduces an intelligent system about PCG signal monitor and real-time analysis. By utilized the LabVIEW2009 virtual instrument developing platform, a virtual health monitor for common family is set up. It includes some useful functions, such as preliminary PCG monitoring, automatic diagnosis and remote monitoring, which endow it with a potential value.
Rapid Photochemical Synthesis of 6-Methyl-1-Indanone
Authors: Wang Shuai , Li Xuan , Zhang Jun Jie
Published: March 2013

A novel method for rapid photochemical synthesis of substituted indanone based on an intra-molecular hydrogen transfer and enolization under irradiation with UV light was presented, which are of mild reactive conditions, quickness, simplification, high efficiency. The separation and purification of the photolyzed product are easy. Meanwhile, the reaction has the characteristics of green chemistry.
Research on the Viscosity of CaF2-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO Slag System by the Thermodynamic Software
Authors: She Yuan , Ju Jian Tao , Jiao Zhi Yuan , Zhang Zhao Hui
Published: March 2013

In order to find out a method of computation on the viscosity of CaF2-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO slag system, which is accurate, rapid and convenient, a systematic study has been carried out. The refining slag samples have been made by the method of rotation-regression-orthogonal combination design during the test. When the temperature of the flux of the samples were 1600°C~1400°C, the experiment was performed by internal rotating cylinder method involving a spindle with the RTW-10 flux physical properties measuring apparatus in graphite crucible per 50°C, meanwhile, the viscosity of slag system were estimated by thermodynamic software FactSage per 50°C. Then, according to the viscosity results of calculation at 1600°C, the viscosity calculation equation was established, which was the relation of the mass fraction of every components and the value of the slag viscosity. Furthermore, the interaction of two components on the influence of the viscosity of slag was discussed.
Separation and Purification of 1, 8 – Cineole by Molecular Distillation
Authors: Hu Hui Guang , Gu Li Li , Liu Ke Guo , Yang Rong , Tao Jun
Published: March 2013

Molecular distillation was applied in the separation of eucalyptus oil. The main factors of molecular distillation were analyzed. The influence of operating pressure was investigated when other parameters were unchanged. The results showed that the pressure around 850 Pa was optimum for the experimental conditions.
Synthesis and Dispersion Properties of Lower Salt Resistance Sulfomethylated Phenol Formaldehyde Resin (LSMP)
Authors: Guo Ya Mei , He Hui Zong , Hou Bao Rong
Published: March 2013

A lower salt resistance sulfomethylated phenol formaldehyde resin (LSMP) was synthesized. The dispersion properties of LSMP and influences of reaction conditions on its properties were investigated with dynamic light scattering technology, and means of viscosity and critical coagulating concentration (CCC) determination. The result shows that the viscosity of a 1.0 g•L-1 resin solution ranges from 0.8036 mPaּs to 0.8705 mPaּs, and unit in distilled water exhibits a hydrodynamic diameter between 8.5 nm and 123.4 nm and a Zeta potential varying from -76.05 to -21.12 mV under different reaction conditions. The dispersing system of LSMP in water is a kind of colloid solution and electrolytes can weaken the resin dispersion and make the resin flocculate, and the solution of LSMP in water is hypersensitive to positive ions and effects of positive ions will be more obvious with increasing valence of ions.
Synthesis and Properties of Rosin-Modified Lignosulfonates
Authors: Zhao Le Le , Liu Zu Guang , Huang Xue Er , Liu Ya Hong
Published: March 2013

Rosin-modified lignosulfonates were prepared according to the following procedure: firstly, sulfomethylation of kraft lignin; secondly, preparation of 2,3-epoxypropyl ester of rosin; thirdly, preparation of modified-rosin lignosulfonates via etherification of sulfomethylated lignin with 2,3-epoxy propyl ester of rosin. Experimental results show that the optimum conditions for synthesis of 2,3-epoxy propyl ester of rosin are as follows: molar ratio for n(rosin): n (epichlorohydrin): n (NaOH) is1:6:1, reaction temperature is 100 °C(for rosin ester) and 75 °C(for 2,3-epoxypropyl ester of rosin, the same below), reaction time is 5.5 h and 3 h respectively. When molar ratio of lignosulfonate to 2,3-epoxypropylester of rosin is 1/5, rosin-modified lignosulfonates were prepared at 55 °Cfor 4.5 h with pH 11.5. Hydrophilic sulfonic group and the lipophilic adbietic group were incorporated into the molecular structure of kraft lignin via corresponding reactions. The surface tension of 10 g/L aqueous solution of rosin-modified lignosulfonate is 49.3 mN/m.
The Research on the Crystal Structure of Oxidized Starch by Microwave-Liquid Phase Method
Authors: Cong Shan , Zhang Hong Wei
Published: March 2013

Maize starches and hydrogen-peroxide were used as major raw materials to synthesize oxidized starch by microwave radiation in a few minutes. Its crystal structure was analyzed respectively by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and the apparent morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The XRD results show that the samples’ crystallinity has declined obviously after microwave radiation for 3.0 min and 6.0 min, and the later sample formes new crystal; The FT-IR results indicate that when microwave radiation time increases, the proportion of the native crystalline structure in the sample declines; The DSC results demonstrate that in microwave radiation, some spiral structure in internal starch granule is destroyed, while the starch-starch crystal structure subjects to a certain degree of destruction; The SEM results show that with the microwave radiation time increasing, the degree of erosion on the sample particle surface increases and expands gradually into the inside.
Effect of Alkali Precipitateing Agent on the Activity and Stability of Copper-Manganese Mixed-Oxides for the Water Gas Shift Reaction
Authors: Zhi Ke Duan , Liu Quan Sheng , He Run Xia , Yang Li , Zhang Ya Gang , Wu Fang
Published: March 2013

This paper reports the effect of alkali precipitating agents, i.e. KOH and NaOH, on activity and stability of Cu-Mn based catalysts for the water gas shift (WGS) reaction. Structural and texture characteristics of the catalysts were characterized by low temperature N2 adsorption, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and TPR techniques. The XRD and low temperature N2 adsorption results showed the two types of precipitators produced different Cu-Mn phases during precipitation and drying. The KOH precipitator resulted in partial precipitation of copper ion and formation of hydrate basic copper sulfate, Cu4SO4(OH)6•H2O after drying; while the NaOH precipitator led to a completed precipitation of Cu ion and formation of relatively stable Cu2+1O and Mn3O4crystals after drying. These phases formed after precipitation by the KOH and NaOH, however, experienced the same phase change during calcination and activation, namely, they first changed to Cu1.5Mn1.5O4in calcination followed by the formation of microcrystalline Cu and MnO phases during activation. The Cu-Mn WGS catalysts prepared by the NaOH was found to have larger surface area and more content of Cu and MnO phases after activation, which might be the reasons of higher activity and better stability of the Cu-Mn catalyst.
Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Caffeic Acid Propyl Ester in Ionic Liquid
Authors: Pang Na , Wang Fang Qin , Cui Hong Sheng , Zhao Xing Yu , Liu Xi , Gu Shuang Shuang , Wang Jun
Published: March 2013

Lipase-catalyzed esterification of caffeic acid with 1-propanol, to form caffeic acid propyl ester (CAPE), was investigated in ionic liquid using immobilized lipase. Ten ILs were used as the reaction medium; three types of lipases were selected as biocatalysts, and the lipase-catalyzed synthesis properties of CAPE were measured systematically in order to enhance the yield of CAPE. The results indicated that when [Bmim][Tf2N] was selected as reaction media, Novozym 435 was used as catalyst, the molar ratio of 1-propanol to CA was 10:1, the reaction temperature was 80 °C, and the mass ratio of catalyst to CA was 18:1, the highst yield of CAPE attained 41.0 %.
Performance of LaBO3/HZSM-5 Catalysts for Eliminating Soot from Diesel Exhaust
Authors: Ding Fu Chen , Ren Cui Tao , Li Bin , Wang Hong , Li Cui Qing
Published: March 2013

The LaBO3/HZSM-5 samples were prepared by the impregnation method. The structure of catalysts was examined by XRD. The catalytic activity for the combustion of soot particulate was evaluated by a technique of the temperature-programmed reaction. In the LaBO3/HZSM-5 catalyst, the Mn as B-site ion, the catalyst was the good candidate catalyst for the soot catalytic combustion. In the LaMnO3/HZSM-5 catalyst, the catalytic activity was tunable by changing the metal components of the perovskite-type oxide at B-site, the Fe partial substitution for Mn of LaMnO3/HZSM-5 enhanced the catalytic activity, and the combustion temperature of soot particle was lower than LaMnO3/HZSM-5 sample without substitution, corresponding Tm of 401oC and the selectivity of CO2 77.0%.
The Direct Carboxylation of Terminal Alkynes with Carbon Dioxide Using Copper-Conjugated Microporous Polymer as Catalyst
Authors: Xie Yong , He Bi Feng , Huang Nian Yu , Deng Wei Qiao
Published: March 2013

A Cu-conjugated microporous polymer catalyst (CMP-Cu) was designed and prepared via Sonogashira-Hagihara cross-coupling of 3,8-dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline with 1,3,5-triethyny benzene in toluene. The CMP-Cu showed a catalytic activity for direct carboxylation of terminal alkynes with CO2 in the presence of K2CO3/Cs2CO3 at mild conditions. Several propiolic acids (such as 3-phenylpropiolic acid, 3-(4-nitrophenyl)propiolic acid and 4,4-dimethyl-2-pentynoic acid) have been prepared in a simple and feasible method at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. This catalyst is attractive for CO2 transformation.
Vanadium-Chromium Oxide: Effective Catalysts for Ammoxidation of 3-Picoline
Authors: Jiang Feng , Xu Wei , Niu Lei , Xiao Guo Min
Published: March 2013

Bulk vanadium-chromium oxide (VCrO) catalyst was prepared and characterized by N2 adsorption, XRD, NH3-TPD, H2-TPR, and Raman spectroscopy. XRD and Raman results showed that the VCrO catalyst was a kind of VV-CrIII composite oxide mainly consisted of crystalline V2O5 and CrVO4-Ⅲ (orthorhombic). NH3-TPD and H2-TPR results revealed that this catalyst had negligible surface acidity, and was easily reduced due to the formation of CrVO4-Ⅲ. Their catalytic activity was evaluated in the ammoxidation of 3-picoline to nicotinonitrile. Catalytic results showed that the bulk VCrO catalyst was highly active and selective; the nicotinonitrile selectivity and yield was up to 96.1%, 88.2% respectively at atmospheric pressure and 360 °C. The high selectivity was related closely to the low surface acidity of the catalyst.
Oligomerization of 1-Butylene to Lubricant Catalyzed by Bis(tetramethyl cyclopentadienyl) Zirconium Dichloride/MAO
Authors: Chen Mei Chao , Shao Huai Qi , Jiang Tao
Published: March 2013

Oligomerization of 1-butylene catalyzed by Bis(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) Zirconium dichloride/MAO was investigated in detail under different conditions including reaction temperature, Al/Zr molar ratios, co-catalysts, concentration of catalyst to determine the optimal reaction conditions. The work shown that oligomer of 1-butylene in this catalyst system featured a kind of base oil of lubricant with pour point of -22 °C, kinematic viscosity of 2999 mm2/s at 40 °C and 2530 mm2/s at 100 °C, viscosity index of 258 and a moderate average molecular weight. In addition, the oligomer obtained was characterized by 1H-NMR and IR.
Analysis and Operation of Coking Crude Benzene Hydro-Refining Process
Authors: Hu Liang , Yang Ming Fu , Zhang Guo Qing , Zhang Pi Xiang
Published: March 2013

The reactive theory of coking crude benzene hydro-refining process was analyzed generally. The results show that proper reaction temperature, system pressure, and hydrogen partial pressure are better for the hydro-refining reaction, and play a certain role in extending the service life of catalyst. With extending the service time of catalyst, the catalyst activity will reduce. The operating temperature and operating pressure need to be strengthened. When the catalyst has been aging, the product quality not is able to achieve the specified requirements, it is necessary to carry on the regeneration to the catalyst to restore its activity. In practice, the key parameters of hydrogenation have been controlled reasonably. While ensuring that the unit was safe and stable in continuous operation, it had a high recovery rate of the product, the product quality has been increased obviously.
Development of the Simulation Software on the Complex Reaction Kinetics
Authors: Huang Xue Zheng , Chen Hai Ling
Published: March 2013

The design idea and design flow of the simulation software on the complex reaction kinetics are introduced in this article. Firstly, the total framework of the software was determined by the goal and function of the software; Secondly, the manuscript was written, the multimedia material was made and the computational programs were designed, the examples of making multimedia material by Photoshop and Flash are introduced, moreover, the thinking and method of program is introduced; Finally, The material such as text, images, sounds, animation is integrated by Authorware. The simulation software has friendly interface and simple operation, it can be used as a computational tool in studying chemical kinetics, in addition, the software can be assisted in the teaching such as physical chemistry and reaction engineering.
Comparative Study of Geo-Accumulation Index and Enrichment Factor in Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Particulate Matter
Authors: Fang Chun Sheng , Qu Zhi , Wang De Long , Wang Ju , Bi Li Jun
Published: March 2013

Geo-accumulation Index and Enrichment Factor were applied in source apportionment of Changchun atmospheric particulate matter. By mutual comparison with the results respectively, explored the similarities and differences. The result shows that the Geo-accumulation index and Enrichment Factors likes Zn, Cd are more serious, meanwhile the urban dust, soil wind dust, coal dust are the mainly pollution sources of Changchun air pollution, both methods can make a scientific evaluation to the human impact of Changchun particulate pollution in the atmosphere, provide an important reference for atmospheric particulate matter source apportionment.
Effects of Extraction on the Desulfurization of FCC Diesel by Ultrasound Oxidation Technique
Authors: Sun Ming Zhu , Zhang Bing , Wu Yong Hong , Zhu Jing , Zhao De Zhi
Published: March 2013

The removal of sulfides (e.g., benzothiophenes) in FCC diesel fuel is the most important issue. Here, sulfides were removed by catalytic oxidation them into sulfones by H2O2-formic acid and solvent extraction induced by ultrasound irradiation. The introduction of ultrasound provides energy for the oxidation reaction, which can assure a complete oxidative desulfurization for sulfides in diesel oil. The effects of extraction solvent, extraction duration, ratio of extractant over extraction times, and oil over extraction times were investigated. Under the optimum condition, the removal efficiency of sulfur compounds and the recovery of the product can amount to 94.2% and above 90%, respectively.
Experimental Research on Molding Biomass’s Carbonization Homogeneity
Authors: Hu Wei , Hu Jian Hang , Wang Hua , Sang Kun , Li Juan Qin , Deng Shuang Hui
Published: March 2013

Molding biomass’s carbonization homogeneity was studied through doing research on temperature difference of surface and inside of biomass by making experiments. Molding biomass’s size is larger than that of small dimension biomass and carbonization in whole biomass is different to some extent. But endothermic and exothermic effect in pyrolysis process and mass transfer of volatile are beneficial to carbonization homogeneity. When biomass average heating rate becomes larger, the maximum temperature difference of surface and inside becomes larger, besides that the temperature of biomass is higher when molding biomass’s carbonization is homogeneous. Maximum temperature differences were 30, 76, 137 °C respectively when biomass average heating rates were 5, 10, 20 °C/min. In order to ensure homogeneity, carbonization should reach the temperature which lignin decomposes strongly at releasing heat violently. Carbonization temperature should be higher than 450 °C. Besides, biomass average heating rate shouldn’t be too high and it should be under 20 °C /min.
Investigation of Vanadium Containing Shale in Combustion Behavior
Authors: Meng Kang , Chen Wang Sheng , Zhang Ying , Han Jun , Wang Xing Dong
Published: March 2013

The combustion kinetics and characteristics of vanadium containing shale were studied in a thermogravimetric analyzer and drop tube furnace. The results indicate that vanadium containing shale has a high ignition temperature and a poor stable-combustion characteristic. At the same time, it is found that the optimum reaction temperature of de-carbon is 1273 K. Moreover, the kinetic parameters are calculated by isoconversional method at different reaction stages.
Logistics Management of Bio-Diesel
Authors: Liu Hong Wei , Xue Yun , Liu Wu Quan , Zhang Wei
Published: March 2013

Biodiesel can be used as an alternative diesel fuel, but its physical and chemical properties determine its storage and transport and the use of management, according to its particular characteristics different from diesel fuel, this article analyzes the various characteristics and bio-diesel engine on the car the use of features, and thus summed up the bio-diesel in logistics management, to pay attention to specific issues.
Research on the Fitting and Predicting Models for Coal Bed Methane Dynamic Productivity of Coal Mine Area
Authors: Zhang Zhi Gang
Published: March 2013

Firstly a GM(1,1) is built to get the dynamic base line for the coal bed methane dynamic productivity of coal mine area. Secondly on the basis of the GM(1,1), Markov chain is applied to achieve state transition probability matrix. Thirdly the coal bed methane dynamic productivity of coal mine area interval is forecasted and analyzed in the form of probability by the system state classification, the calculation of the residue between true value and model fitting value and the standardization of deviation of the residue. It's proved in theory and practice that the forecast results not only are more reliable but also can help the decision maker with grasping the coal bed methane dynamic productivity of coal mine area development tendency in general and making proper decision. Results show that the Grey Markov Model has higher accuracy than that of GM(1,1) model.
Simulation of Chlorobenzene Distillation Using Dividing Wall Column
Authors: Wang Er Qiang , Huang Jin Cheng , Li Zeng Xi , Li Cheng Yue
Published: March 2013

In this paper, application of dividing wall column (DWC) to chlorobenzene distillation was studied. Simulation using Aspen plus software was done to compare the traditional two tower process with new process based on DWC. The results show that, with the same feed parameters, the DWC processes can achieve identical separation effect as the two tower process with an energy saving of 21%, and capital investment and space saving can also be gained. In addition, only a reboiler is need in DWC process, so residence time of chlorobenzene, polychlorobenzene, etc inside high temperature region can be reduced, so can to avoid heat decomposition of these thermosensitive substances to a great extent.
Study on the Preparation of Higher Alcohols Using Blast Furnace Gas and Coke Oven Gas
Authors: Guo Wei , Wang Jian Jun , Gao Wen Gui , Wang Hua
Published: March 2013

This paper elaborated the technological route of preparing higher alcohols using blast furnace gas (BFG) and coke oven gas (COG) as raw materials. An example was set up a model of environmental and economic evaluation on reutilization of gas as resource．This paper evaluates and analyses as well the efficiency of emission reduction and its economy in terms of reutilization of BFG. The result shows that preparation of higher alcohols using BFG can not only achieve good carbon emission reduction effect, but also get a good economic value.
Bone Distribution Simulation during Damage-Repair Bone Remodeling in Human Proximal Femur
Authors: Zhao Bing Hui , Qu Chuan Yong , Qin Qing Hua
Published: March 2013

A new damage-adaptive bone remodeling model, in which an algorithm incorporating both strain and damage stimuli, is developed in this paper. Typically, a human proximal femur model is established to predict the bone mass distribution during bone remodeling process. And human physiology damage-repair cycle is considered in the model. The governing equations of the mathematical model, digesting the predecessors’ ideas, are numerically solved and implemented into ANSYS software via the user interface of finite element algorithm. With the aid of this novel model, the whole healing behavior of human proximal femur is elucidated properly.
Characteristic and Molecular Research of Glycerol Dehydratase
Authors: Deng Wen Ying , Wang Fei , Wang Liang , Lu An Gen , Meng Jian Zong , Qi Xiang Hui
Published: March 2013

Interest in glycerol dehydratase (GDHt) has increased beyond academic circles in the past few decades because of its role in the fermentation pathway for producing industrial 1,3- propanediol (1,3-PD). This paper introduces the research progress of GDHt with special emphases on its property and structure, gene cloning, mechanism of inactivation and reactivation as well as irrational design and rational design
Design, Syntheses and Biological Evaluation of 3-Arylurea-5-Fluoroindolin-2-One Derivatives
Authors: Yang Zhao , Wang Zhi Xiang , Fang Zheng , Guo Kai
Published: March 2013

Sixteen 3-arylurea-5-fluoroindolin-2-one derivatives were designed according to the principle of fragment based drug discovery and synthesized with 5-fluoroisatin as the starting material. The obtained structures were identified by 1H NMR, MS and elemental analysis. In vitro evaluation of antitumor bioactivity was performed by MTT method. Most of synthesized compounds showed antitumor activities, especially, activities of 6a, 6h, and 6j in tumor inhibition were better than others.
Improved Corrosion Resistance of NiTi Alloy by Coated with TiO2-SiO2-HAP Composite Films
Authors: Liu Jing Xiao , Shi Fei , Bao Lei , Li Yadong , Hu Zhi Qiang , Liu Gui Shan
Published: March 2013

In order to further improve the corrosion resistance and bioactivity of NiTi alloy, TiO2-SiO2-HAP (hydroxyapatite) composite films with different composition were prepared on NiTi alloy substrate by a sol-gel method. The phase composition, surface morphology, interface adhesive strength and corrosion resistance were studied. The results indicated that the composite film heat-treated at 500°C showed amorphous state, and with increasing of heat-treatment temperature, crystals of CaSiO3, anatase TiO2 and hydroxyapatite (HAP) appeared. The composite film with higher (TiO2-SiO2) content was more uniform and smooth, and had higher interface adhesive strength with the substrate. With the decreasing of (TiO2-SiO2) content, the composite films tended to become irregular, and tiny crack clusters with ringy distribution appeared when the (Ti+Si)/Ca molar ratio was decreased to 25/75, which led to decrease of interface adhesive strength to some extent. The anodic polarization curves indicated that NiTi alloy coated with TiO2-SiO2-HAP composite films had an apparent improvement of corrosion resistance, with an obvious decrease of passivation current.
A New Solution Method for Vibration Analysis of Circular Cylindrical Thin Shells with a Circumferential Surface Crack
Authors: Yin Tao , Li Dian Qing , Zhu Hong Ping
Published: March 2013

In this paper, a new solution method is proposed for determining the natural frequency of a given mode for a finite-length circular cylindrical thin shell with a circumferential part-through crack. The governing equation of the cracked cylindrical shell is derived by integrating the line-spring model with the classical thin shell theory. The proposed method calculates the natural frequency from an initial trial to satisfy both the governing equations and appropriate boundary conditions through an optimization process. The initial trial is proposed to satisfy the governing equations by using the beam modal function to determine the modal wavenumbers and mode shapes of cylindrical shells in the axial direction, assuming the flexural mode shapes of cylindrical shells in the axial direction to be of the same form as that of a flexural vibration beam with the same boundary conditions. Four representative sets of boundary conditions are considered: simply supported (SS-SS), clamped-clamped (C-C), clamped-simply supported (C-SS), and clamped-free (C-F). Compared with the finite element (FE) method, the proposed solution method is verified to provide an accurate and efficient way to calculate the dynamic characteristics of both intact and cracked cylindrical shells.
Influences of Temperature and Time on Concrete Compressive Strength after Water Cooling
Authors: Zi Wei , Yu Zhi Wu , Kuang Ya Chuan
Published: March 2013

The concrete residual compressive strength after different burning temperature and time by water cooling was experimentally studied. A detailed review of experimental phenomena in fire and the concrete failure characteristics in compressive test were given, and the relationship between the compressive strength and temperature, time were discussed. It is found that with the exposure of temperature and time increasing, the concrete residual compressive strength tends to decrease generally, but when the temperature is low or time is short, the concrete residual compressive strength tends to increase on the contrary. According to analysis of the experiment results, the formula for concrete residual compressive strength and temperature-time relationship after the fire was built.
Reliability Calculation of Design Point Method for Orthotropic Plate
Authors: Cheng Jian Hua , Xiong Jian Min , Zhou Jin Zhi
Published: March 2013

The design point method is a commonly-used method on fatigue reliability analysis. It is put forward, based on Palmgren-Miner linear fatigue damage accumulation rule, that the evaluation method of fatigue reliability for orthotropic plate in this article. It is analyzed the random variables of limit state equation of single component, established the three parameters of stress amplitude , fatigue life and constant , and derived the calculation method on reliability index of design point method, which would provide evidence for consequent design of Orthotropic Plate.
Selection of Ground Motions for Performance-Based Seismic Assessment of Structures
Authors: Kunnath Sashi K. , Ahmadi Amin
Published: March 2013

It is well known that one of the most significant sources of uncertainty and variability in seismic demand prediction arises from ground motion selection. The task of selecting appropriate ground motions can become a formidable given the limited database of earthquake records that satisfy the required site parameters. Moreover, from a practical consideration, it is necessary to limit the number of ground motions used in the evaluation process while at the same time minimizing the dispersion in the demand estimation. This presentation will examine the effectiveness of three ground-motion selection schemes: (i) magnitude scaling; (ii) spectrum matching; and (iii) conditional mean spectra. Findings from comprehensive nonlinear time history simulations indicate that while spectral matching is slightly more effective in reducing dispersion compared to scaling, it may modify ground motion content which can alter the location of peak demands. The conditional mean spectrum is less effective in reducing dispersion in demands when amplitude scaling is used
Mixed Force and Displacement Control Strategy in Pseudo-Dynamic Tests for Structures with Large Stiffness
Authors: Tan Xiao Jing , Wu Bin
Published: March 2013

Pseudo-dynamic testing using force- mixed control strategy is presented for structures with large stiffness. In this proposed method, the displacement response of the specimen measured by a linear variable displacement transducer with higher resolution than that in the actuator is fed back. A proportional-integral controller is adopted in the outer displacement control loop, and a coefficient CF is employed to convert the displacement to force command. Numerical and experimental validations show that this method exhibits excellent performance in terms of stability and accuracy if proper controller parameters are adopted and is superior to the conventional displacement control method for large-stiffness structures.
Development of a Remotely Collaborative Testing Platform for Bridge Structures Based on NetSLab
Authors: Guo Yu Rong , Tan Ming
Published: March 2013

A remotely collaborative pseudo-dynamic testing platform for bridge structures has been developed based on NetSLab system. It can be used for seismic performance investigation of large-scale bridge structures by combining the Internet and sub-structure technology. The testing platform consists of three modules: control center, physical tester and virtual tester. Through a network communication platform, the operation of receiving and feedback of test data between various modules can be realized. Based on the previous research work, a further improvement of the dynamic structural model, the finite element numerical analysis and the rational division of sub-structure has been achieved. A series of remotely virtual collaborative pseudo-dynamic test of bridge structures has been conducted to verify the feasibility of the test platform.
Looped Sensors to Measure Differential Settlement by Time Domain Reflectometry
Authors: Xu Zheng Lai , Pierce Charles E.
Published: March 2013

Differential ground settlement is a key parameter to be monitored in engineering practices. The common instruments and techniques available for surface and subsurface settlement measuring, such as surface surveying, settlement platforms, extensometer, inclinometers, and so on, provide point-specific measurements. The number of data points obtained by these methods is pre-determined by the number of the measuring points, and hence the spatial resolution of the measuring system is limited. This paper presents the development of a tension-sensitive time domain reflectometry (TDR) sensor and the experimental program to evaluate its performance for monitoring soil settlement. Testing results show that the looped TDR cable is highly sensitive to tension and effective in detecting subsidence zone in sand.
Aerodynamic Forces of Vehicles on the Bridge under Crosswinds
Authors: Han Y. , Cai Steve C.S.
Published: March 2013

In the present study, an experimental setup was made to measure the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicles on the bridge for different cases in a wind tunnel considering the aerodynamic interference. The influence of the wind turbulence, the vehicle interference, and the distance of vehicle from the windward edge of the deck on the aerodynamic coefficients of vehicles were investigated based on the experimental results. The measured results showed that the wind turbulence, the vehicle interference, and the vehicle distance from the windward edge significantly affected the aerodynamic coefficients of vehicles.
Research on Construction Project Quality Benefit Allocation Mechanism
Authors: Huang Qing , Jiang Wei Ping , Qu Na
Published: March 2013

The paper starts from the discrimination of the proposition that the distribution of quality benefit is the key factor that affects the quality of participant in project organization, construct owner-construction side game model, gets the conceptual model and solution of participant’s quality action choice, best allocation scheme of quality and efficiency and advised best allocation scheme of quality and efficiency and points out the importance of quality reputation incentives and the way to achieve it.
Research on Rural Highway Maintenance Quality Evaluation System Based on Triangle Whitenization Weight Function
Authors: Wang Ai Jun , Qiao Jian Zheng
Published: March 2013

Through the investigation of the quality of Hunan rural highway maintenance in the present situation, based on the investigation of the rural highway in three cities：Changsha, Yueyang and Hengyang , in the theoretical analysis and based on expert opinion, and on the basis of the trigonometrical whitenization weight function theory, in order to determine the suitable maintenance quality evaluation system for Hunan rural highway .
Egress Simulation Incorporating Social Relationships by Using Scalar Field Method
Authors: Fang Jie Shi , El-Tawil Sherif
Published: March 2013

Research on human evacuation is heavily dependent on simulation. However, many of the models developed to date lack realism because of their inability to adequately simulate social relationships. In order to create a better tool for studying human response during evacuation, an agent-based model is proposed based upon a new technique termed Scalar Field Method (SFM). Drawing on analogy to a charged particle in an electromagnetic field, both human will and social relationships are converted into virtual potential energies (VPEs) to simulate the interactions that occur between an agent and its surrounding entities. Each agent has stochastic characteristics, is independent and makes autonomous decisions on behavior by minimizing the VPE. Preliminary tests show the ability of the new model to mimic reasonable evacuation behavior, and its potential for exploring the significance of social relationships during egress.
Trend Assessment of Safety Management Status of Bridge Construction
Authors: Huang Qing , Chen Shun Liang , Yong Wang , Guo Jingyuan , Lin Qiao
Published: March 2013

Trend assessment of safety management status described the variation of the safe state during the process of construction, and it is an early warning of safe accidents to some extent. So the study of it is becoming a burning question. Aim at the uncertainty and the dynamic characteristics of the system; the trend assessment model of bridge construction safety management status has been set up using the theory set-pair analysis and Markov chain. The application results show that this model can predict the safety management status of the next and final stage relatively accurately, and it can play a guiding role in preventing safety accidents.
Experimental Research on Integral Structure of Light Steel Temporary Buildings
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Cai Xue Feng , Ma Yong Chao , Zhou Ji Zhong
Published: March 2013

Static tests were conducted on integral structure of light steel temporary buildings under wind load. The mechanical behavior and the deformation performance of the structure were investigated. A kind of new system of load distribution beams was applied, which imposed the horizontal loads and simulated the uniformly distributed wind load. The load-displacement curves of the columns were obtained. And the strains of the columns and the wall panels were obtained also. The performances of the light steel temporary building are summarized and discussed.
Experimental Research on Behavior of Composite Beams of Steel-Reinforced Recycled Concrete
Authors: Jia Yan Dong , Guo Ying Kai , Sun Zhi Ping , Zhao Xin
Published: March 2013

The recycled aggregate is dealt with in three ways, the first way is to keep the recycled aggregate intact; the second way is to wrap the recycled aggregate in cement slurry of Water-cement ratio 0.55 for 30 minutes, and then place it at room temperature for 7 days; the third way is to immerse the recycled aggregate in water for 24 hours. Three kinds of different recycled aggregate is separately used for mixing of recycled concrete. The strength and slump of recycled concrete with different recycled coarse aggregate contents are tested. Experiments show that the recycled concrete produced by using the recycled aggregate immersed in water and selecting a suitable mix has the higher strength and slump，which can be industrialized. And then, the recycled concrete with 40% recycled coarse aggregate contents is used in the steel-reinforced recycled concrete beams, which are tested, the failure process of steel-reinforced recycled concrete beams,section strains and maximum load are acquired. Research shows the steel-reinforced recycled concrete beams conform to plane hypothesis before the load reachs 80% the limit load, the flexural bearing capacity of the steel-reinforced recycled concrete beams can meet the demand of Technichal Specification of Steel-Reinforced Concrete Structures. The use of recycled concrete in the composite structures is proposed.
Shear Distribution Coefficient Study of New Inland Large-Head Wharf Structure under Horizontal Force
Authors: Zou Kai Ming , Liu Xiao Ping
Published: March 2013

Load distribution machannism between bents of piled wharf is an important issue.In view of the shortage of the traditional design method for piled wharf structure,this paper established the nonlinear structure-soil numerical model by finite element method software ANSYS.Based on the numerical analysis method, shear distribution coefficient of three different structure themes under high water conditions and low water conditions were Analyzed.Through post-processing process,information about the moment,shear stess of piles were obtained.The results showed that the integrity and capacity of resting horizontal load is increased by setting of longitudinal beams,.and the lower the collision position is,the more concentrate the distribution is..The conclusion and research method of this paper can be used as a reference for similar project in future.
Analysis of Nonlinear Buckling of a Long-Span Elliptic Paraboloid Suspended Dome Structure
Authors: Jiang Zheng Rong , Shi Kai Rong , Gao Xiao Nan , Chen Qing Jun
Published: March 2013

The suspended dome structure, which is a new kind of hybrid spatial one composed of the upper single layer latticed shell and the lower cable-strut system, generally has smaller rise-to-span ratio, thus the overall stability is one of the key factors to the design of the structure. The nonlinear buckling behavior of an elliptic paraboloid suspended dome structure of span 110m80m is investigated by introducing geometric nonlinearity, initial geometric imperfection, material elastic-plasticity and half-span distribution of live loads. The study shows that the coefficient of stable bearing capacity usually is not minimal when the initial geometric imperfection configuration is taken as the first order buckling mode. The unsymmetrical loading distribution and the material nonlinearity might have significant effects on the coefficient. The structure is sensitive to the changes of initial geometric imperfection, and the consistent mode imperfection method is not fully applicable to the stability analysis of suspended dome structure.
Finite Element Analysis on Mechanical Behavior of Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck in Balinghe Bridge
Authors: Cheng Jian Hua , Xiong Jian Min , Zhou Jin Zhi
Published: March 2013

Orthotropic plate participates in bridge structure as a part of steel box girder, while in Balinghe Bridge it is used as bridge deck directly to endure the wheel load [1]. In this paper it’s studied systematically the mechanical behavior of orthotropic steel bridge deck in combination with the deck model of Balinghe Bridge, and shows the positions emerging fatigue cracks to provide the basis for future health monitoring and put forward some suggestions.
Control Surveying and Structural Health Monitoring Applied in Large Bridge
Authors: Liu Shao Tang , Liu Xi Rui , Yang Fu Qin
Published: March 2013

In order to ensure the safety of the bridge, Control surveying and monitoring was applied in many ways. This paper introduces the surveying and monitoring methods, analyzes the surveying accuracy, discuses the effective measures. In case study, Trimble 5700 GPS, TPS，Levels were used to perform the control surveying, and video camera, camera, georobot, three-dimensional laser scanner and other graph or image sensors were used to monitor bridge deformation. The research shows that the relative error of the control network baseline is smaller than 10-6 and the elevation accuracy is satisfied with the standard. The control survey enabled all surveying, mapping and monitoring activities to share a common geodetic reference system，provided a reliable support for the monitoring of the piers，box girders，coastal topographic details as well as hydrographic activities. And the application of modern sensors and the data acquisition technology reflected the real-time deformation conditions of bridge and provided forecasting and alarming information at any time by ways of number, curves, graph and image with high efficiency.
Capacity and Stability Analysis for Construction Support System of the Upper Cantilevered Structure in a Performing Arts Center
Authors: Lu Zheng Kui , Xiong Feng , Ge Qi
Published: March 2013

The main structure of a performing arts center is in a bowl shape, formed by cantilever frames. When constructing, a temporary steel support system is designed to withstand the construction loads. The structural support system which is 30 meters high, is divided into five layers. In order to ensure the overall stability of the steel frame, scissors are set every three cross along the ring to the medial and lateral column. Since the loads are very big, bearing capacity and stability analysis of the support system are carried out. According to the site construction schedule, the loading processing is divided into 4 working conditions. Under each load condition, static and linear buckling analysis is conducted. For economic consideration, member sizes are optimized by pursuing the similar stress ratio based on the results of static and linear buckling. Structural software SAP2000 is employed as the analysis software. The results showed that: the working conditions 4 is the most dangerous working condition. The main stresses of beams and columns on the axis position are larger than other positions. The bucking analysis indicates that working conditions 1 to 4 the buckling factors of first-order buckling modes are greater than 1.0 under working conditions 1 to 4, which explaining that under the current loads, the steel support system is reached the required overall stability.
Analysis of Steel Trestle for Huge Crawler Cranes Based on ANSYS
Authors: Li Qiu Lian , Xiong Feng , Ge Qi , Lu Zheng Kui
Published: March 2013

In a performing art center project, the roof system uses steel trusses with large-span, which challenges the installation of trusses in construction. Two SCC400 hydraulic crawler cranes are arranged to lift roof trusses. Since it is impossible to sustain the huge cranes for structural slabs, an independent steel trestle will be constructed along the moving path of cranes. The steel trestle is a special frame system with three kinds of levels. Constrained by constructed basement structures, steel trestle has a complex shape and some long span members. It requires some members high capacity and stability. To investigate its mechanics properties, especially the whole stability, a set of analysis, including static and elastic buckling analysis, are carried out on this steel trestle by use of ANSYS software. According to the working conditions of crawler cranes, the loads caused by walking of cranes and hoisting trusses are considered. On the basis of the static analysis, the dangerous loading areas are determined to conduct eigenvalue buckling analysis. The results show that the loads in different positions have less impact on the force and deformation of the entire structure. The buckling characteristic value of the first four modes in both load conditions is larger than 1, which indicates that the system has enough stability.
Test and Research of Long-Term Stress Variation of High-Pier & Long-Span Continuous Rigid-Frame Bridge
Authors: Wang Jie Jun , Chen Min , Yin Can Bin
Published: March 2013

Pre-stressed concrete continuous rigid frame bridges have been widely used for modern long-span bridges due to its advantages, such as comfortable for travelling, easy to be constructed and maintained etc. However, cracks and excessive mid-span sag of box girders generally exist in many built bridges of this kind during service, and because of its large size and the complex natural environment, it is particularly important to study the long-term performance based on the long-term field measurements. In this paper, a high-pier & long-span pre-stressed concrete continuous rigid-frame bridges, with five-spans (106m+3×200m+106m), was taken as the research object, by pre-embedding strain sensors in mid-span sections and root sections on box girders, field-tests for stress variation were conducted in extreme weather conditions (ie, the hottest and coldest in one year) after its completion in two years, providing tested data for studying long-term performance of bridges similar to the same kind.
Structural Damage Identification Method and Program Designing Based on Statistical Analysis
Authors: Wei Zhuo Bin , Liu Ke
Published: March 2013

In order to realize the monitoring for the large-scale structures and find the change of its condition, a new damage feature factor is put forward. The damage feature factor is based on the PCA (principle component analysis) theory, analyzing the object of AR (Auto-regressive) model coefficient by the constant load, utilizing the theory of ellipse control figure. Then a program is designed combining the damage identification method with LabVIEW. Finally, an experiment is conducted on a steel frame model under different conditions. The results show that the first two principle components contain the main information of the structure condition, and the method can identify the changes of the structure condition correctly. Besides, the program works well and gives sound and light alarm under the damage condition.
Study on the Compatibility between Naphthalene-Based Superplasticizer and Low Alkali Cement
Authors: Tang La Na
Published: March 2013

Concrete admixture has become one of essential components of the high performance concrete in recent years; however, the quality of high performance concrete fluctuates according to the compatibility between cement and admixture it used. Considering lower alkali cement is often provided by cement producers in order to get better durability of concrete, so low alkali cement and naphthalene-based superplasticizer were used as the main test materials in this paper. The causes of the compatibility between low alkali cement and superplasticizer were studied, and then several measures were proposed to improve the compatibility.