bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nihonnomizubunka: Harmony Between Water and Humans in Japan
Authors: Wiyatasari Reny
Published: November 2021

For the Japanese people who are overflowing with the largest water in the world, water is not just an absolute necessity. It plays a large role in the Japanese lifestyle. The variety of activities of Japanese society that involve the element of water makes Japan a nation with a high level of water culture. This research will discuss the harmony between humans and water in Japan. The data was collected through the library method. The harmony between the two is shown by the important role of water in life for Japanese people, including 1) As a symbol of purification in Japanese people's beliefs, 2) It is beneficial for health and healing of various diseases, 3) As one of the important elements to add to the delicacy of Japanese culinary delights, and 4) As a means of communication in the social life of Japanese society. Meanwhile, with regard to water, Japanese people maintain the sustainability and cleanliness of the water environment by 1) Protecting the forest, 2) Protecting the water environment from pollution, and 3) Water savings.
Preserving Water Culture: Local Festivals (Matsuri) in Japan and Sedekah Laut in Pantai Utara Jawa Jepara Indonesia
Authors: Indrahti Sri , Meirina Fildza Andita
Published: November 2021

Indonesian and Japanese cultures have similarities in maintaining sustainability in nature. In Japan, preserving nature can be done by the traditional ceremony (Matsuri) with water as one of the mediums. In Indonesia, there is a ceremony too called Sedekah Laut, which is carried out by groups of fishing communities in the cultural element as a system of livelihood. Although it has a different series, Matsuri in Japan and Sedekah Laut in Jepara are a form of gratitude to nature by preserving and maintaining the cleanliness of nature through culture. This research aims to portray human and nature relationships and how to preserve them through culture. The two traditions involving many people for preserving nature in harmony is not just one person's responsibility, but together. This research uses methods through comparisons of Indonesian and Japanese traditional ceremonies. This research also used data collection methods through primary sources by in-depth interview and secondary sources by books, publication journals, and online news. This research also provides benefits that traditional ceremonies cleanse nature from damage and the attitude of cooperation of the community that together maintain the sustainability of nature.
The Royal Descent and the Past Glory of the Demak Sultanate as the Builders of Coastal Javanese Resistance in the Novel Penangsang (Tembang Rindu Dendam)
Authors: Waluyo Sukarjo , Noor Redyanto , Asmarani Ratna
Published: November 2021

Arya Penangsang was a Duke of Jipang who ruled in the mid-16th century. He is the grandson of Sultan Patah, the founder of the Sultanate of Demak. The Babad Tanah Djawi tells the story of Arya Penangsang killing Pangeran Mukmin to take back his father's rights. Pajang's attack succeeded in killing Arya Penangsang. The bad image of Arya Penangsang was built by the Sultanate of Pajang. Meanwhile, the Mataram Sultanate, Surakarta Palace, and Yogyakarta Palace continued for hegemony. Meanwhile, for the coastal community of Java, Arya Penangsang is a respected figure. The object of research is the novel Penangsang (Tembang Rindu Dendam) which was published in 2010. The purpose of this study is to explain the problem of resistance, namely disobedience in the context of the relationship between power and domination [1]. This study uses library and ethnographic methods by utilizing this new historicism (NH) approach which links literary texts with non-literature. The results of this study indicate three important messages. First, people interpret their social environment in terms of their past history. Second, Arya Penangsang is a prince who became a local hero. Third, past history is a builder of cultural ties.
Spatial Analysis of Distribution Pattern of Covid-19 Cases in Batang Regency
Authors: Harsritanto Bangun I R , Nugroho Satrio , Dewanta Favian
Published: November 2021

The pandemic of covid-19 had brought many responses from every institution. As one of the religious institutions, Mosque was reported various adaptations in aims to support their activities. The adaptations were related to strategies in physical designs, health protocols implementations, and embedded technologies. The interaction between each strategy also shown different patterns of mosques’ innovation in serving their communities. These mosque studies consist of literature reviews and site observations to elaborate the communal mosque adaptations against the pandemic. The shifting of mosques is closely related to environments and technologies.
Utilization of Electronic Information Media by Youth Organization of Sukodadi Village in Disseminating Information on the Cultural Heritage of the Archipelago as a Form of Conservation
Authors: Mu’alifah Oktavia Lutfi , Jumino
Published: November 2021

Information technology is a tool that has a strong influence on aspects of life. The younger generation as cultural stakeholders in the future is required to have the ability to preserve culture so that it is not eroded by technology. To support the preservation, electronic information media is needed to disseminate information on the archipelago’s cultural heritage so that the public better knows it. This study aims to determine the use of electronic information media by youth organization Sukodadi Village in disseminating the archipelago’s cultural heritage as a form of preservation. This study uses a qualitative method with data collection using observation, interviews, and document studies. The results showed that the use of electronic information media in the form of Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter by the youth organization of Sukodadi Village in disseminating information on the cultural heritage of the archipelago as a form of preservation was effective and efficient, the information disseminated could be directly accessed by the public, and received appreciation from the public for their concern to the cultural heritage of the archipelago.
The Effectiveness of E-Recruitment Method Through Social Media (Case Study at Pt Es Teh Tndonesia Makmur - West Java)
Authors: Husna Jazimatul , Sadiqin Salsabila , Muhaimin Yahya , Fitriyana  , Wahdiyah Roisatul
Published: November 2021

Several companies have reduced mass recovery efforts and in-person discussions for the Covid-19 pandemic password, one of which is PT Es Teh Indonesia Makmur. This study aims to: (1) Know the media for posting jobs and the application of the recruitment process through social media, including the stages and qualifications and competencies required at PT Es Teh Indonesia Makmur (2) Knowing the effectiveness of recruitment methods through social media to reduce the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic era and explains the comparison of the E-Recruitment method with the offline recruitment method at PT Es Teh Indonesia Makmur. The effectiveness of the Recruitment Method through social media by studying library data and observations shows that the electronic recruitment system for the workforce is suitable to be used to facilitate and improve human resource management in the Covid-19 Pandemic era. An increase in competent job applicants supports this, and PT Es Teh Indonesia Makmur is known to all circles to open job vacancies for more than 150 outlets in less than one year.
Environmental Control, Internal Auditor and Good University Governance
Authors: Sukirman  , Hidayah Retnoningrum , Suryandari Dhini , Kayati Ima Nur , Rahayuningsih Bisri , Aini Sarifa , Riski Nanda , Muslikhin
Published: November 2021

The Environmental control is essential for the achievement of organizational goals. Environmental control includes a management system, human resources, and information system. Hence, this research aims to examine the effect of an internal auditor and environmental control on good university governance. In addition, this research examines the role of the internal auditor on environmental control. The research sample technique used convenience sampling with a total sample of 121 respondents. This study uses primary data. The hypothesis test uses WarpPLS 7. The results show that internal auditor and environmental control affect good university governance. Furthermore, this study proves that the internal auditor could play a significant role in encouraging environmental control to run well and achieve the institution’s goal. Therefore, all organizations should improve the effectiveness of internal auditors. Future research is expected to add moderating variables like organization commitment.
Online Shopping Behavior among Food Consumers during Pandemic: a Cross Generation Study
Authors: Puspita Rosana Eri , Zulaikha Yasinta , Annisa Arna Asna , Nabila Rifda , Rofiuddin Mohammad , Anwar Saiful
Published: November 2021

Shopping for food is a necessity that will continue to occur before the pandemic, during a pandemic, and post-pandemic. Pandemics that occur around the world also affect human behaviour, including food shopping behaviour. This study aims to analyze shopping behaviour and changes in shopping behaviour during a pandemic. Consumers prefer to choose online shopping in pandemic situations according to safety. Data were collected by interviewing 12 respondents from the generation of baby boomers, X, Y, and Z. The data were processed using a qualitative approach using N-Vivo software. Research results showed that there were differences in food shopping behaviour during the pandemic. This research suggests that the food industry pays attention to shopping behaviour change during a pandemic to change strategies to get opportunities in the market. Novelty in this study is the first cross-generational qualitative analysis of food shopping behaviour among Indonesian consumers.
Comparison Elicitation Techniques in Furniture Manufacture Requirement
Authors: Andry Johanes Fernandes , Hadiyanto  , Kadarisman Vincensius Gunawan Slamet
Published: November 2021

The development of the industrial revolution 4.0 in manufacturing has changed conventional business processes to become automated, especially in the furniture sector. The constraints faced by the furniture manufacturing industry are that producers do not have a reporting tool that estimates how many products to sell, goods produced do not match their needs and stock errors. Therefore, the process of extracting needs is an important phase in the development of information systems because it determines the final outcome of the program. The research aims to define system requirements, so that it can help the decision-making process based on real-time data. This study describes the use of system planning techniques in the form of collaborative techniques, observational techniques and contextual techniques, which are combined with the Wellsandt evaluation criteria and measured using the low, medium and high scales. The results of this study are the acquisition of any business process areas that have a high level of difficulty to be prioritized and described in the form of a spider diagram. Implication of this research is that requirements can be used by developers to prioritize areas of business processes that must be improved in making decision support systems.
Waste to Sustainable Biohydrogen Production Via Photo-Fermentation and Biophotolysis − A Systematic Review
Authors: Melitos George , Voulkopoulos Xenofon , Zabaniotou Anastasia
Published: November 2021

Considering the environmental challenges humanity faces in the 21st century, it is obvious that there is an enormous need for change of the global energy map. Under these circumstances, new energy sources and intermediates must be considered as options to limit the greenhouse gases emissions and mitigate climate crisis. Biohydrogen production is one of the most appealing options, due to hydrogen's multiple applications and zero emissions as a fuel, to empower a future hydrogen circular economy. In this review article we focus on two methods that are not widely used at industrial scale but have many future possibilities and growth margins: (a) photo-fermentation and (b) bio photolysis. Both methods are light dependent and need photobioreactors to function and produce significant amounts of biohydrogen. Based on an extensive literature search and systemic analysis of the findings, presentation of the different reactants, operating conditions and biohydrogen productions, key factors and effecting parameters were discussed. Temperature, pH, light intensity and photobioreactor operation and design are some of the most significant factors that define the biohydrogen production rates and yields. Innovative solutions and approaches are presented including biotechnological and genetic engineering modifications to microorganisms, as well as combinations of some hybrid biohydrogen producing methods, especially dark and photo fermentation. For implementing a biohydrogen circular-economy, different wastes were explored as potential feedstocks, and overcoming of major bottlenecks that biophotolysis and photo-fermentation face in the transition to a sustainable biohydrogen economy, were discussed.
Raloxifene in the Treatment of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women
with End-Stage Renal Disease: A Systematic Review and
Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ma Hao-Yang , Chen Shuang , Lu Ling-Ling , Gong Wei , Zhang Ai-Hua
Published: November 2021

As a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), raloxifene is used in healthy
postmenopausal women to prevent bone loss and reduce fractures. However, the
benefit of raloxifene is uncertain in the treatment of osteoporosis among
patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or those who require maintenance
dialysis. We assessed the safety and efficacy of raloxifene in this particular
population. Studies were selected from PubMed, Springer, CNKI (Chinese National
Knowledge Infrastructure) and Wanfang Database. Randomized controlled trials
(RCTs) and prospective studies with control/placebo groups were
included. Five studies were included with a total of 244 participants (121
patients in the raloxifene group and 123 patients in the placebo/control
group). The median duration of treatment was 12 months. The incidence rate of
side effects of raloxifene was 0/121 (0%). There was a
significant improvement of lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) levels in the
raloxifene group compared with the placebo group (MD: 33.88, 95% CI:
10.93, 56.84, p=0.004). There was no significant difference concerning
the improvement of femoral neck BMD (MD: 8.42, 95% CI: –10.21,
27.04, p=0.38), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (MD: –12.62,
95% CI: –35.36, 10.13, p=0.28), calcium (MD: -0.08,
95% CI: –0.61, 0.44, p=0.76), phosphorus (MD: 0.18,
95% CI: –0.12, 0.48, p=0.23) or bone alkaline
phosphatase (BAP) (MD: –4.33, 95% CI: –14.44, 5.79,
p=0.40). Raloxifene seems to be effective in improving the lumbar spine
BMD in postmenopausal women with ESRD. More large RCTs are necessary to evaluate
the long-term safety of raloxifene in uremic patients.
Excess lithium enhances battery performance
Authors: Patrick Chris
Published: November 2021

Materials containing excess lithium exhibit higher energy density than conventional battery materials but still require more fundamental research before they can build the next generation of rechargeable batteries.
Spin–orbit torque magnetization switching in a perpendicularly magnetized full Heusler alloy Co2FeSi
Authors: Jiang Miao , Matsushita Eisuke , Takamura Yota , Anh Le Duc , Nakagawa Shigeki , Ohya Shinobu , Tanaka Masaaki
Published: November 2021

To optimize the writing and reading performance of magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) devices, achieving current-induced spin–orbit torque (SOT) magnetization switching in perpendicularly magnetized full Heusler alloys is vitally important. For conventional SOT-metal bilayer systems, heavy metals (HMs) with a large spin Hall angle (θSH) are generally used for generating a spin current, which is injected into the adjacent ferromagnet (FM) layer and exerts a torque on the magnetization to switch it. However, the large resistivity of generally used HMs such as β-Ta and β-W can increase the Ohmic loss. In this article, we achieve full SOT switching in Heusler alloy Co2FeSi using low-resistivity Pd as a spin current generation source. The critical switching current density is found to be 3.7 × 107 A cm−2, which is in the same order of magnitude as that required for conventional HM/FM systems even though Pd has a smaller θSH than that of generally used HMs. Using harmonic Hall measurements, the damping-like and field-like effective fields per unit current density are estimated to be 56.9 (10−7 Oe A−1 cm2) and 39.8 (10−7 Oe A−1 cm2), respectively. This high efficiency can be attributed to the excellent lattice matching between Co2FeSi and Pd (only 2% mismatch), to a slight Pd diffusion, and possibly to the additional SOTs induced by the in-plane spin component generated in the Co2FeSi layer. Our finding will advance the development of SOT-MRAM devices with both better reading and writing performance.
An ITO–graphene heterojunction integrated absorption modulator on Si-photonics for neuromorphic nonlinear activation
Authors: Amin Rubab , George Jonathan K. , Wang Hao , Maiti Rishi , Ma Zhizhen , Dalir Hamed , Khurgin Jacob B. , Sorger Volker J.
Published: November 2021

The high demand for machine intelligence of doubling every three months is driving novel hardware solutions beyond charging of electrical wires, given a resurrection to application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)-based accelerators. These innovations include photonic-based ASICs (P-ASICs) due to prospects of performing optical linear (and also nonlinear) operations, such as multiply–accumulate for vector matrix multiplications or convolutions, without iterative architectures. Such photonic linear algebra enables picosecond delay when photonic integrated circuits are utilized via “on-the-fly” mathematics. However, the neuron’s full function includes providing a nonlinear activation function, known as thresholding, to enable decision making on inferred data. Many P-ASIC solutions perform this nonlinearity in the electronic domain, which brings challenges in terms of data throughput and delay, thus breaking the optical link and introducing increased system complexity via domain crossings. This work follows the notion of utilizing enhanced light–matter interactions to provide efficient, compact, and engineerable electro-optic neuron nonlinearity. Here, we introduce and demonstrate a novel electro-optic device to engineer the shape of this optical nonlinearity to resemble a leaky rectifying linear unit—the most commonly used nonlinear activation function in neural networks. We combine the counter-directional transfer functions from heterostructures made out of two electro-optic materials to design a diode-like nonlinear response of the device. Integrating this nonlinearity into a photonic neural network, we show how the electrostatics of this thresholder’s gating junction improves machine learning inference accuracy and the energy efficiency of the neural network.
Automated feeding of sheep. 2. Feeding behaviour influences the methane emissions of sheep offered restricted diets
Authors: Muir S. K. , Behrendt R. , Moniruzzaman M. , Kearney G. , Knight M. I.
Published: November 2021

Context During the non-growing season of pastures and during droughts, the dry-matter intake (DMI) of sheep is often constrained due to low pasture availability and the need to feed for weight loss or maintenance. Below-maintenance feeding may have consequences for methane (CH4) production and yield in farm systems. Aims The effect of six restricted feeding levels on CH4 emissions measured using portable accumulation chambers (PACs) was examined in relation to DMI, oxygen consumption (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and observed changes in feeding behaviour in sheep fed with automated feeders. Methods An automated feeding system was used to apply daily feeding levels to Maternal Composite ewes (n = 126). Sheep were adapted to the automated feeding system over 19 days, with unlimited access to feed. Following adaptation, sheep were allocated to restricted daily feed levels at 40%, 80%, 100%, 140% and 180% of estimated maintenance requirements (MR) for 41 days. Methane, CO2 and O2 emissions from ewes were measured using PACs on Days 30 and 31 of the restricted feeding period. Key results Methane production (g/day) increased (P < 0.001) with the level of feeding. However, time since the last meal decreased with the level of feeding and was associated with CH4 production. Sheep on lower levels of feeding tended to consume meals earlier in the day and had longer times since their last meal at PAC measurement and lower CH4 production. These two factors explained 58.7% of the variance in CH4 production in an additive linear model. Methane yield (g CH4/kg DMI) decreased as the level of feeding was increased. Conclusions Methane emissions were affected not only by daily DMI, but also time since the last meal. An understanding of the effect of feeding behaviour and time since the last meal should be incorporated into feeding protocols prior to CH4 measurements when PACs are being used to measure CH4 emissions from sheep fed restricted diets. Implications Utilising automated feeders may improve the accuracy of PAC measurements of sheep CH4 emissions fed both ad libitum and restricted feed amounts, by increasing understanding of DMI and feeding behaviour.
Towards a (re)imagined posture on (im)migration
Authors: Gavilanes Vianney A.
Published: November 2021

The hegemonic production of knowledge on (im)migration from the geopolitical and epistemic location of the United States has made legible and knowable a particular conception of (im)migration shaping in turn how (im)migrant subjects are made and remade. As a corpus these dominant conceptions of (im)migration are legible through a dominant discourse that has, in the particular case of the U.S., contributed to a racialized (im)migrant personhood and to the study ofoutsiders coming in to settle. In a two-pronged approach the piece (a) shows the settler colonial logics embedded in (im)migration discourse while (b) simultaneously enacting work of (re)imagining by putting in conversation the work on discourse and racialization within the contexts of (im)migration with Indigenous scholars’ work on borders, settlement, and sovereignty. As such the goals are to disrupt the naturalized ways whereby the racialized (im)migrant and (im)migration are conceptualized within the U.S. context and to offer an aperture for a (re)imagined posture on (im)migration. These initial and fragmentary dialogic exchanges offer a potential path towards a (re)imagined posture on (im)migration that does not reproduce settler colonial logics while sustaining the coexistence of antagonisms and tensions in our quotidian interactions needed to live with the discomfort of contradictions.
Imperial straightening devices in disciplinary choices of academic knowledge production
Authors: Cushing-Leubner Jenna , Engman Mel M , Ennser-Kananen Johanna , Pettitt Nicole
Published: November 2021

In this piece, the authors question whether critical language research, in its complex collection of researcher choices, is possible beyond the discursive imaginary of critical academic scholarship. In other words, how do (allegedly) anticolonial efforts re-orient towards contribution to the imperial record? We present three vignettes, through which we grapple with the notion that researcher choice exists within the solipsism of academia. In doing so, we frame research and scholarship as a collection of choices, which we believe are better understood as a collection of fraught dilemmas. These dilemmas recognize that all academic scholarship production and its processes are birthed from, and serve, an epistemology of hierarchical social configurations, which serve empire maintenance and expansion. As critical language scholars who bring overlapping and distinct sociopolitical, geographic, and methodological positionalities, these autoethnographic narrative vignettes allow us to begin to see the landscape of researcher choice in the processes and projects of accumulating knowledge production. We identify imperial straightening devices for legitimization into the imperial archive and examine how they work to orient and re-orient critical language scholars towards the ideological and material production of the imperial archive.
Acute performance and physiological responses to upper‐limb multi‐set exercise to failure: Effects of external resistance and systemic hypoxia
Authors: Girard Olivier , Mariotti‐Nesurini Luca , Malatesta Davide
Published: November 2021

This study quantified performance and physiological responses during multi‐set resistance exercise to failure at light versus moderate loads in normoxia and systemic hypoxia. On separate visits, fifteen resistance‐trained adults performed barbell biceps curl exercise trials (6 sets to failure, 2 min rest between sets) in four separate randomised conditions; i.e. in normoxia at 380 m above sea level or systemic hypoxia at ∼3800 m simulated altitude (inspired oxygen fraction = 20.9% and 12.9%, respectively) combined with two different intensity levels (30% and 70% of 1 repetition maximal or 1RM). Muscle activation (root mean square value calculated from surface electromyography) and oxygenation (integrated‐tissue saturation index derived from near‐infrared spectroscopy) were monitored for the biceps brachii muscle. The total number of repetitions before failure at 30% 1RM (122 ± 5 vs. 131 ± 5; P = 0.021), but not 70% 1RM (39 ± 1 vs. 41 ± 2; P = 0.313), was lower in hypoxia compared to normoxia. Root mean square activity of the biceps brachii muscle was higher for 70% 1RM compared to 30% 1RM (P < 0.001), while the increase in muscle activation from the first to the last set (P < 0.001) occurred independently of altitude (P > 0.158). Deoxygenation and reoxygenation responses were higher under hypoxic versus normoxic conditions at 70% 1 RM (P = 0.013 and P = 0.015) but not 30% 1RM (P = 0.528 and P = 0.384). During upper‐limb multi‐set resistance exercise to failure, exposure to acute normobaric hypoxia negatively impacts performance at light, but not moderate, loads. Overall, external resistance has more profound effects on physiological strain than hypoxic exposure per se.

Highlights

The addition of acute systemic hypoxia negatively affects work performed at low, but not moderate, loads during upper‐limb resistance exercise to failure.

Hypoxic exposure, however, does not fundamentally alter muscle activation and oxygenation patterns.

Muscle activation and oxygenation responses in turn are more largely influenced by load lifted.
Photon boomerang in a nearly extreme Kerr metric
Authors: Page Don N
Published: November 2021

The Kerr rotating black hole metric has unstable photon orbits that orbit around the hole at fixed values of the Boyer–Lindquist coordinate r that depend on the axial angular momentum of the orbit, as well as on the parameters of the hole. For zero orbital axial angular momentum, these orbits cross the rotational axes at a fixed value of r that depends on the mass M and angular momentum J of the black hole. Nonzero angular momentum of the hole causes the photon orbit to rotate so that its direction when crossing the north polar axis changes from one crossing to the next by an angle I shall call Δϕ, which depends on the black hole dimensionless rotation parameter a/M = cJ/(GM
2) by an equation involving a complete elliptic integral of the first kind. When the black hole has a/M ≈ 0.994 341 179 923 26, which is nearly maximally rotating, a photon sent out in a constant-r direction from the north polar axis at r ≈ 2.423 776 210 035 73GM/c
2 returns to the north polar axis in precisely the opposite direction (in a frame nonrotating with respect to the distant stars), a photon boomerang.
On the uniqueness of inverse problems for the reduced wave equation with unknown embedded obstacles
Authors: Yang Jiaqing , Ding Meng , Liu Keji
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we consider inverse problems associated with the reduced wave equation on a bounded domain

Ω
⊂

R

N

(

N
⩾
2

)

for the case where unknown obstacles are embedded in the domain Ω. We show that, if both the leading and 0-order coefficients in the equation are a priori known to be piecewise constant functions, then both the coefficients and embedded obstacles can be simultaneously recovered in terms of the local Dirichlet-to-Neumann map defined on an arbitrary small open subset of the boundary ∂Ω. The method depends on a well-defined coupled PDE-system constructed for the reduced wave equations in a sufficiently small domain and the singularity analysis of solutions near the interface for the model.
Monitoring of physiological sounds with wearable device based on piezoelectric MEMS acoustic sensor
Authors: Qu Mengjiao , Chen Xuying , Yang Dengfei , Li Dongsheng , Zhu Ke , Guo Xishan , Xie Jin
Published: November 2021

Physiological mechano-acoustic signals play a pivotal role in medical diagnosis and fitness monitoring. Mechanical waves generated by natural physiological activities such as myocardial contraction, and vocal fold vibration, propagate through the tissues and fluids of the body and reveal characteristic signals of these events. Conventional methods such as stethoscope and electrocardiography (ECG) are not suitable for wearable mode and continuous monitoring. In this paper, we propose a wearable physiological sounds sensing device to monitor heart sound and detect speech and voice with high accuracy. The device consists of a MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) acoustic sensor and a low-noise amplification circuit, and both of them are packaged by silicone polymers with an air cavity to achieve conformal contact with human skin. The proposed device has advantages of light weight, sweatproof capability, resistant to noise and good stability. The wearable device has great potential in clinical diagnosis, healthcare, human-machine interaction and many other applications.
Physics of effective media in plastic polymer-composites using THz Time-Domain Spectroscopy
Authors: Singh Khushboo , Bandyopadhyay Aparajita , Sengupta Amartya
Published: November 2021

Polymer composites have been an integral part of our lives for centuries and their applicability has increased substantially with recent technological advancements. However, with the vast range of available fillers and polymer materials, it is crucial to have a priori knowledge of the physical and chemical properties of the materials for various applications. Hence, material characterization at different stages of production is one of the most important parts of product development and quality control. In this article, we have probed the optical behavior of a few polymer composites, with absorptive and dispersive guests, using THz time-domain spectroscopy. Subsequently, we used quasi-static effective medium theory to investigate the impact of absorptive and dispersive filler materials on the optical properties of the composites. This enables us to address the significance of filler properties on the detection limits of real-life composite compounds.
Electronic-structure evolution of SrFeO3–x
during topotactic phase transformation
Authors: Zhao Jiali , Chen Kaihui , Li Shi-En , Zhang Qinghua , Wang Jia-Ou , Guo Er-Jia , Qian Haijie , Gu Lin , Qian Tian , Ibrahim Kurash , Fan Zhen , Guo Haizhong
Published: November 2021

Oxygen-vacancy-induced topotactic phase transformation between the ABO2.5 brownmillerite structure and the ABO3 perovskite structure attracts ever-increasing attention due to the perspective applications in catalysis, clean energy field, and memristors. However, a detailed investigation of the electronic-structure evolution during the topotactic phase transformation for understanding the underlying mechanism is highly desired. In this work, multiple analytical methods were used to explore evolution of the electronic structure of SrFeO3−x
thin films during the topotactic phase transformation. The results indicate that the increase in oxygen content induces a new unoccupied state of O 2p character near the Fermi energy, inducing the insulator-to-metal transition. More importantly, the hole states are more likely constrained to the dx
2–y
2 orbital than to the d3z
2–r
2 orbital. Our results reveal an unambiguous evolution of the electronic structure of SrFeO3–x
films during topotactic phase transformation, which is crucial not only for fundamental understanding but also for perspective applications such as solid-state oxide fuel cells, catalysts, and memristor devices.
Coal gangue recognition using multichannel auditory spectrogram of hydraulic support sound in convolutional neural network
Authors: Chen Xu , Wang Shibo , Liu Houguang , Yang Jianhua , Liu Songyong , Wang Wenbo
Published: November 2021

Many data-driven coal gangue recognition (CGR) methods based on the vibration or sound of collapsed coal and gangue have been proposed to achieve automatic CGR, which is important for realizing intelligent top-coal caving. However, the strong background noise and complex environment in underground coal mines render this task challenging in practical applications. Inspired by the fact that workers distinguish coal and gangue from underground noise by listening to the hydraulic support sound, we propose an auditory model based CGR method that simulates human auditory recognition by combining an auditory spectrogram with a convolutional neural network (CNN). First, we adjust the characteristic frequency (CF) distribution of the auditory peripheral model (APM) based on the spectral characteristics of collapsed sound signals from coal and gangue and then process the sound signals using the adjusted APM to obtain inferior colliculus auditory signals with multiple CFs. Subsequently, the auditory signals of all CFs are converted into gray images separately and then concatenated into a multichannel auditory spectrum (MCAS) along the channel dimension. Finally, we input the MCAS as a feature map to the two-dimensional CNN, whose convolutional layers are used to automatically extract features, and the fully connected layer and softmax layer are used to flatten features and predict the recognition result, respectively. The CNN is optimized for the CGR based on a comparison study of four typical types of CNN structures with different network training hyperparameters. The experimental results show that this method affords an accurate CGR with a recognition accuracy of 99.5%. Moreover, this method offers excellent noise immunity compared with typically used CGR methods under various noisy conditions.
A layer-peeling method for signal trapping correction in planar LII measurements of statistically steady flames
Authors: Escudero F , Cruz J J , Liu F , Fuentes A
Published: November 2021

This work presents a layer-peeling (LP) algorithm to correct the signal trapping effect in planar laser-induced incandescence (LII) measurements of soot volume fraction. The method is based on measurements of LII signals captured by an intensified CCD camera at a series of parallel planes across a diffusion flame. A method based on presumed function (PF) of soot volume fraction is also proposed for comparison. The presented methods are numerically tested based on synthetic LII signals emitted from a simulated axisymmetric laminar diffusion flame using the CoFlame code. Numerical results showed that the LP method is able to correct the signal trapping effect, even for fairly large optical thicknesses and in a wide range of detection wavelengths. The correction decreases the relative errors induced by neglecting the trapping effect considerably. The signal trapping effect correction is less important for the determination of integrated soot quantities such as radially integrated soot volume fraction or total soot loading. Planar LII measurements were carried out and calibrated in order to test the method experimentally in a coflow flame. The LP, PF and a simplified analytical (SA) model were compared. The results indicate that the differences in soot volume fraction of 1 ppm or about 15% are obtained in zones of maximum soot loading of 6.5 ppm when the trapping effect is accounted for. Also, the LP and SA methods were found computationally efficient and accurate compared to the PF method. Although the study was performed in a canonical laminar axisymmetric flame, the proposed method can be applied to any statistically steady 3D flame.
One-dimensional cobalt oxide nanotubes with rich defect for oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Miao Bo-Qiang , Liu Yi-Ming , Wang Tian-Jiao , Ding Yu , Chen Yu
Published: November 2021

For the electrochemcial hydrogen production, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a pivotal half-reaction in water splitting. However, OER suffers sluggish kinetics and high overpotential, leading to the increase of overall energy consumption and decrease of the energy efficiency. In this work, high-quality cobalt oxide porous nanotubes (Co3O4-PNTs) are easily obtained by simple self-template approach. One-dimensional (1D) porous structure provides the large specific surface area, enough abundant active atoms and effective mass transfer. In addition, Co3O4-PNTs also own self-stability of 1D architecture, benefitting the their durability for electrocatalytic reaction. Thus, Co3O4-PNTs with optimal annealing temperature and time reveal the attractive alkaline OER performance (Tafel slope of 56 mV dec−1 and 323 mV overpotential at 10 mA cm−2), which outperform the Co3O4 nanoparticles and benchmark commercial RuO2 nanoparticles. Furthermore, Co3O4-PNTs also exhibit excellent OER durability for least 10 h at the 10 mA cm−2. Overall, Co3O4-PNTs with low cost can be serve as a highly reactive and economical catalyst for OER.
MgCo layered double hydroxide-based yolk shell polyhedrons as multifunctional sulfur mediator for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Zhang Kai , Li You , Wang Hongyu , Zhang Zisheng , Liu Guihua , Zhang Yongguang
Published: November 2021

The development of efficient sulfur host materials to address the shuttle effect issues of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) is crucial in the lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries but still challenging. In the present study, a novel yolk shell structured MgCo-LDH/ZIF-67 composite is designed as Li–S battery cathode. In this composite, the shell layer is MgCo layered double hydroxide constructed by partially etching ZIF-67 nanoparticle by Mg2+, and the core is the unreacted ZIF-67 particle. The unique yolk shell structure not only provides abundant pores for sulfur accommodation, but also facilitates the electrolyte penetration and ion transport. The ZIF-67 core exhibits strong polar adsorption to LiPSs through the Lewis acid-base interactions, and the micropores/mesoporous can further trap LiPSs. Meanwhile, the MgCo-LDH shell exposes enough sulfur-philic sites for enhancing chemisorption and catalyzes LiPSs conversion. As a result, when MgCo-LDH/ZIF-67 is used as sulfur host in the cathode, the cell achieves a high discharge capacity of 1121 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C, and an areal capacity of 5.0 mAh cm−2 under high sulfur loading of 5.8 mg cm−2. The S/MgCo-LDH/ZIF-67 electrode holds a promising potential for the development of Li–S batteries.
Vortex phase diagram in 1111-type CaFe0.89Co0.11AsF single crystal
Authors: Pan Yongqiang , Zhou Wei , Feng Jiajia , Yi Xiaolei , Xu Chunqiang , Wang Minghao , Zhou Nan , Shi Zhixiang
Published: November 2021

Studying the vortex properties in high-T
c superconductors is crucial for understanding the high-temperature superconducting mechanism. However, until now, only a few vortex studies have been performed in 1111-type iron-based superconductors due to their smaller-sized single crystals. In this study, we have synthesized millimeter-sized CaFe0.89Co0.11AsF single crystals by the self-flux method. A three-dimensional vortex nature was confirmed in the thermally activated flux flow region. Second, a magnetization peak was observed on the isothermal magnetization curves. Meanwhile, the dominant role of normal point pinning was also confirmed. Finally, the various phase boundaries of the vortex were determined based on an analysis of the resistivity and magnetization data, and a complete vortex phase diagram of CaFe0.89Co0.11AsF single crystals was established.
Actively-shielded ultrahigh field MRI/NMR superconducting magnet design
Authors: Wang Yaohui , Wang Qiuliang , Wang Hui , Chen Shunzhong , Hu Xinning , Liu Yang , Liu Feng
Published: November 2021

Active shielding technology has been widely applied to the superconducting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) magnets design, revealing excellent performance on the stray field control. For such a highly homogeneous field superconducting magnet design, an appropriate optimization strategy is essential to guarantee the magnetic field homogeneity in the central region and the expected 5 Gauss line range, especially for the ultrahigh field superconducting magnet. Based on the compensating field optimization method, an actively-shielded whole-body 14 T MRI magnet and an actively-shielded 1.3 GHz NMR magnet were presented, and detailed analyses were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the designs. The developed magnet design method, coil pattern, wire arrangement, and stress/strain adjustment will be used to guide the corresponding project implementation.
Brownian motion and thermophoretic diffusion effects on the dynamics of MHD upper convected maxwell nanofluid flow past a vertical surface
Authors: Shah Nehad Ali , Tosin Oreyeni , Shah Rasool , Salah Bashir , Chung Jae Dong
Published: November 2021

The suspension of nanoparticles in the base fluid has been tested to improve the heat transfer properties of the fluid since solid metals are characterized with higher thermal conductivity than the convectional working fluid. This present work focuses on the suspension of nanoparticles into the upper convected Maxwell fluid model (UCM) so as to improve the heat transfer efficacy of the fluid. The governing partial differential equations and their related boundary conditions are transformed and parameterized by applying appropriate transformations into a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations and the series solutions are obtained through homotopy analysis method. The impact of various parameters on velocity, temperature and nanoparticles concentration profiles are reviewed and discussed. It is discovered that increasing the Brownian motion increases the thermal conductivity of fluid and hence promotes the effective movement of the nanoparticles.
Lateral and rotary light-drag enhancement in a vee+ladder configuration comprising a Rydberg state
Authors: Hamrah Gharamaleki Ali , Kevin Amir
Published: November 2021

The lateral and rotary light-drag effects in a four-level vee+ladder configuration comprising a Rydberg state as the topmost level is theoretically investigated. We found that it is difficult to obtain enhanced lateral and rotary light drags accompanied by suppressed absorption in the three-level vee and ladder configurations. However, in the proposed four-level vee+ladder configuration both lateral and rotary light drags are significantly enhanced as well as suppressing the absorption of the weak probe field via electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The profound impacts of the intensity of the controlling fields on both the lateral and rotary light drags are discussed. It is demonstrated that intensifying the controlling fields leads to enhancing the lateral and rotary light-drag effects accompanied by negligible probe field absorption. Furthermore, it is shown that light is dragged opposite of the direction of the host medium motion while the superluminal light propagation dominates. Nevertheless, the light is dragged along the same direction of the host medium motion in the subluminal propagation condition. In addition, we present the real quantities of all the parameters used in this study for future empirical investigations.
Overlap energy role investigation on location of π and π* electronic bands in α-graphyne
Authors: Ahmadi Mohammad Taghi , Rahmatpour Esmaeil , Rahmani Meisam
Published: November 2021

Graphyne with outstanding properties is a promising material in technological applications such as sensors and optoelectronic devices. In this study, relaxation effect in the form of overlap energy variation on π and π* bands location of α-graphyne is investigated. Overlap energy can be controlled by external parameters such as stress and applied electric field. The Eigen values of band energy for eight possible cases based on the tight-binding model is calculated and the intertwined effect of single and double bonds energies as an overlap energy parameter is discussed. Moreover, a comparative study is done through tight-binding model and density functional theory method, which supports the accuracy of the presented model. The remarkable properties of α-graphyne mentioned in this research and obtained results bring new hopes for using of this material in nanoelectronics and optoelectronics applications.
Searching for dark matter in the Sun using Hyper-Kamiokande
Authors: Bell Nicole F. , Dolan Matthew J. , Robles Sandra
Published: November 2021

We study the ability of the Hyper-Kamiokande (HyperK) experiment, currently under construction, to constrain a neutrino signal produced via the annihilation of dark matter captured in the Sun. We simulate upward stopping and upward through-going muon events at HyperK,
using Super-Kamiokande (SuperK) atmospheric neutrino results for validation, together with fully and partially contained events. Considering the annihilation of dark matter to various standard model final states, we determined the HyperK sensitivity to the dark matter spin-dependent scattering cross-section. We find that HyperK will improve upon current SuperK limits by a factor of 2–3, with a further improvement in sensitivity possible if systematic errors can be decreased relative to SuperK.
Stellar interferometry for gravitational waves
Authors: Park I.H. , Choi K.-Y. , Hwang J. , Jung S. , Kim D.H. , Kim M.H. , Lee C.-H. , Lee K.H. , Oh S.H. , Park M.-G. , Park S.C. , Pozanenko A. , Rho C.D. , Vedenkin N. , Won E.
Published: November 2021

We propose a new method to detect gravitational waves, based on spatial coherence interferometry
with stellar light, as opposed to the conventional temporal coherence interferometry with laser
sources. The proposed method detects gravitational waves by using two coherent beams
of light from a single distant star measured at separate space-based
detectors with a long baseline. This method can be applied to either the amplitude
or intensity interferometry. This experiment allows for the search of gravitational
waves in the lower frequency range of 10-6 to 10-4 Hz. In this work, we present the
detection sensitivity of the proposed stellar interferometer by
taking the detector response and shot and acceleration noises into account.
Furthermore, the proposed experimental setup is capable of searching for
primordial black holes and studying the size of the target neutron star, which
are also discussed in the paper.