bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Economic and Ecological Contexts of Urbanization in the Great Hungarian Plain during the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries
Authors: Szilágyi Zsolt
Published: December 2021

There is abundant research on the history of urbanization in the Carpathian Basin with a special focus on the history of urbanization in the Great Hungarian Plain. Over the past years, there have been investigations concerning climate and historical ecology issues, as well as economic and social history, the results of which enable us to obtain an overview of the complex processes in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.It has been confirmed that prior to the Industrial Age (1850), climate change had made a profound impact on the conversion of the settlement network in the terrain and on the expansion of livestock farming. The climate in the seventeenth century seems to have been cooler and more humid, thus in the Great Hungarian Plain there were large areas covered with water. This significantly restricted the possibilities of crop cultivation as well as population growth. The warming-up period in the eighteenth century resulted in the shrinking of areas covered in water, the transition to flood plain farming and the extension of plough land crop cultivation, ultimately leading to population growth. There is evidence that by the turn of the eighteenth-nineteenth centuries, grain trade in the Carpathian Basin had been integrated into the Central European continental crop trading system, however, livestock farming was unique to the Great Hungarian Plain. From the mid-nineteenth century, due to the construction of the railway system in the Great Hungarian Plain, which revolutionized cargo transport, plus due to river regulations and drainage works, the economic structure of the area saw profound changes. In the meanwhile, the population and labor force supply were also increasing at a rapid rate. Marshlands and meadows were replaced by arable land and an increasingly growing crop production, which provided the foundations for the grain trade. Thus, new market centers emerged in the Great Hungarian Plain. Between 1828 and 1925, the number of market centers went up by 293, which represents an elevenfold rise. The growing density of the market center system significantly defined not only various aspects of urbanization, but also the general modernization of the Great Hungarian Plain.The purpose of my research is to analyze how changes in the climate influenced the settlement network, and the social and economic profile of the Great Hungarian Plain in the period concerned. Why was the favorable picture of a dynamically improving and modernizing Great Hungarian Plain at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries conceptualized by the public as an underdeveloped area characterized by a series of economic and social tensions? How do all these factors contribute to the revision of the emerging historiographic picture of the economic and social consequences of the Trianon Peace Treaty?
Weber’s ‘Ackerbürgerstadt’ in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Martsch Maximilian
Published: December 2021

In his treatise “The City”, Max Weber introduced the concept of the Ackerbürgerstadt (agrarian city), a type of city whose economic system is primarily rooted in agricultural production. Since then, Weber’s concept has been frequently applied to historical studies on urban economies, especially in the Middle Ages and early modern history. However, by taking a closer look at the socioeconomic fabric of small towns in the prelude to industrialization, many characteristics of Weber’s Ackerbürgerstadt still seem to be applicable. The paper investigates the development of the economic system of the rural small town of Zwettl, situated in the northwestern part of Lower Austria. Zwettl and its surrounding region were left mostly untouched by economic progress. The city had one of the lowest growth rates in Lower Austria and was excluded from the infrastructural expansions of the industrial period. However, Zwettl did not dwindle into a remnant of pre-industrial times. Changes in the social and economic fabric happened on a more subtle level. Structural changes, for example in the agricultural sector, impacted long-term business opportunities, household management, and market development in Zwettl—for better or worse. The paper offers a case study-based examination of Weber’s Ackerbürgerstadt. It questions the rigid separation between urban and household economy, as well as the functional distinction between the city and its hinterland. Thus, the paper provides a contribution to the historical exploration of the socioeconomic development of small towns in the rural periphery.
TURKISH ADAPTATION OF THE WORKPLACE BREASTFEEDING SUPPORT SCALE: A VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY STUDY
Authors: KARAKAYA Neşe , KILIÇ Meral
Published: December 2021

Aim: This study was conducted to adapt the "Workplace Breastfeeding Support Scale" into Turkish and evaluate psychometric properties.

Method: Two hundred twenty-five volunteering women aged 18 and over, working in the public sector for at least one month after the leave, having an infant aged 4-12 months, having breastfed for a while or still breastfeeding were included in the study. IBM SPSS version 22.0 and AMOS 20 programs were used for data analysis. For explanatory factor analysis (EFA), principal component, varimax vertical rotation and scree plot test were performed. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Results: It was determined that Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.78, the item-total score correlations ranged between 0.26 and 0.65, and no item was removed from the scale. It was confirmed that the scale had a 2-factor structure as a result of EFA, and the validity of the 2-factor structure was confirmed by CFA, and the χ²/df ratio was 1.928, RMSEA value was 0.064, GFI value was 0.929, AGFI value was 0.896, and TLI was 0.908. The correlation value of the relationship between the first and second measurement results of the scale was r=0.932, and the value between the two measurements was found to be highly significant (p
Menengahi Polemik Rencana Investasi BPKH pada Tanah Wakaf Baitul Asyi
Authors: Fahmi M. Nasir
Published: December 2021

Rencana Badan Pengelola Keuangan Haji (BPKH) untuk melakukan investasi di Arab Saudi, khususnya pada tanah wakaf Baitul Asyi di Mekkah sempat hangat diberitakan oleh berbagai media dan menimbulkan pro dan kontra dalam masyarakat. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menengahi polemik ini dengan melihat sekilas tentang profil BPKH sesuai dengan amanah regulasi yang berlaku diikuti dengan menapaktilasi sejarah wakaf Indonesia di Arab Saudi. Tulisan ini akan dilanjutkan dengan menganalisa wacana pro dan kontra yang berkembang untuk mengetahui faktor penyebabnya baik dari sisi konsepsi ataupun politis. Kemudian pembahasan singkat mengenai model-model pembiayaan harta wakaf serta beberapa terobosan baru investasi dalam dunia keuangan Islam akan disajikan sebagai perbandingan bagi rencana investasi BPKH. Selanjutkan akan dibahas bagaimana mekanisme tata kelola dan investasi yang selama ini dilakukan di Arab Saudi terutama sekali berkaitan dengan investasi terhadap tanah wakaf Habib Bugak. Bagian terakhir tulisan ini akan menguraikan beberapa poin mengenai mengapa perlunya BPKH berinvestasi di Arab Saudi yang akan diikuti dengan rekomendasi strategis supaya investasi yang BPKH lakukan dapat menjadi salah satu terobosan baru baik dalam pengelolaan dana haji ataupun pengembangan aset wakaf milik umat.

 

Kata kunci: BPKH, Investasi, Wakaf, Habib Bugak, Baitul Asyi
Peran Pemerintah dalam Optimalisasi Tanah Wakaf
Authors: Faradis Jauhar , Hardjito Awis , Widayanti Ipuk
Published: December 2021

Penggunaan tanah wakaf di Indonesia saat ini hanya digunakan untuk pembangunan masjid, pendidikan dan kebutuhan konsumtif lainnya. Kendala dalam memanfaatkan tanah wakaf di Indonesia adalah kurangnya modal karena kurangnya campur tangan pemerintah. Dengan Skema Ijarah untuk Leased SBSN sebagai sarana untuk mengoptimalkan tanah wakaf, konsep ini melibatkan Pemerintah, Nazhir dan Konsumen di mana kontrak transaksi antara Pemerintah dan Nazhir dilakukan dengan kontrak Ijarah (sewa), serta Kontrak pemerintah dengan Konsumen dalam bentuk kontrak (sewa) ijarah. Studi ini menganalisis kelayakan investasi menggunakan metode analisis penganggaran modal seperti NPV, IRR, dan PI dalam analisis kelayakan modal. kesimpulannya adalah bahwa investasi yang dilakukan layak. Nilai keuntungan yang diperoleh selama 30 tahun sudah ada nilainya, sehingga tidak jauh berbeda dengan 30 tahun ke depan. Bagi Pemerintah/BUMN, manfaat yang diperoleh dalam bentuk keuntungan dari penerbitan sukuk, dapatkan sebagian dari hasil dari proyek hasil, dan bertindak sebagai market maker. Untuk Nazhir dan BWI, mereka akan mendapatkan kompensasi dari hasil proyek dan pendapatan sewa di tanah wakaf. Setelah masa sewa berakhir Nazhir mendapatkan aset yang telah dibangun di atas tanah wakaf. Nazhir dapat menghasilkan aset wakaf lainnya sehingga mereka dapat menghasilkan wakaf baru untuk mensejahterakan masyarakat dan masyarakat luas, akan menuai manfaat ekonomi dan sosial.Kata kunci: wakaf, SBSN, Aset Ijarah yang akan Disewa, modal
¿Es transferible el conocimiento de Economía Conductual a investigaciones sobre pobreza?
Authors: Pérez Martínez Armenio
Published: December 2021

La Economía Conductual ha evidenciado avances significativos a partir de la aplicación de sus postulados a las políticas públicas, las finanzas conductuales, el neuromarketing, entre otras áreas de aplicación. Sin embargo, el despliegue del conocimiento generado puede estar limitado por las condiciones de vida de las personas, tal es el caso de la pobreza.  El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la posibilidad de aplicación de contenidos de la Economía Conductual a las investigaciones sobre la pobreza. Se empleó una metodología cualitativa; el diseño realizado es de tipo básico, descriptivo y trasversal, utilizándose métodos de carácter histórico, lógico y analítico. Los resultados apuntan al reconocimiento del carácter de racionalidad limitada y a la importancia de la aplicación metodológica del paternalismo, la arquitectura de la decisión, los Nudges y los experimentos controlados aleatorios. Sin embargo, se señala la necesidad de reconocer las condiciones individuales y sociales en que se desenvuelven las personas pobres, la importancia del acceso y procesamiento de la información; así como la imposibilidad de considerar la manifestación de heurísticos y sesgos cognitivos de la misma naturaleza que los hallados en los experimentos más conocidos de Economía Conductual.
Open Label Three Arm Controlled on the Effect of Udvarttana and Abdominal Pack in Central Obesity
Authors: Anand Aparna , M Vandana Rani , Dileep Anusree
Published: December 2021

Background: Obesity occupies first place among non-communicable diseases creating an enormous socioeconomic and public health burden in most of the countries. Body fat distribution, especially visceral adipose tissue accumulation, has been found to be a major correlate of a cluster of diabetogenic and atherogenic abnormalities that comes under the metabolic syndrome. Sthoulya is the nearest clinical entity in Ayurveda comparable to obesity. The treatment modality recommended for sthoulya is Langhana, Atarpana, Rookshana. Udvarttana, a procedure which gives rookshana with kapha medo samana   is usually applied in sthoulya. In Naturopathy, exposure of cold increases metabolic reaction and is effectively used in obesity. Aim: The present study was made to evaluate the combined effect of Udvarttana and Abdominal pack together to manage the central obesity. Study design: Open label three arm-controlled study. Materials and Methods: Patients were randomly divided into 3 groups (N= 60) and clinical study was conducted. Group 1(N=20) patients were given Sthaanika Udvarttana with Triphala Churna. Duration- 20 min. Group 2(N=20) patients were given Udvarttana with Triphala Churna and Abdominal pack. Duration -20 min Udvarttana and 30 min for Abdominal pack. Group 3(N=20) patients and all the patients were given diet restriction (14 days). The findings were recorded and, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with POST HOC TUKEY HSD was used to find the Significance between the groups. Results: By analysing the data, there was significant change in all assessment criteria’s (waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, abdominal skinfold measurement) of Group 2 while comparing with the means of other two groups i.e. Group 1 and Group 3. Conclusion: The combined treatment of Udvarttana with abdominal pack showed better results than Udvarttana alone or diet restrictions alone. Udvarttana along with Abdominal pack proves to be an effective remedial measure for central obesity.
Challenges and Achievements of Medical Tourism from the viewpoint of Medical tourists and Service Providers in the Public Hospitals of Shiraz (2017)
Authors: Ghanbari Khadijeh , Yazdanpanah Abbas , Aghaei Parviz
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Obviously, medical tourism is growing rapidly. This study aimed to identify the challenges and achievements of medical tourism from the viewpoint of medical tourists and service providers in the public hospitals of Shiraz in 2007. Method: This descriptive study was carried out through structural and thematic analysis, using a method called SWOT. The study sample included all tourists, medical tourists, and service providers in the public hospitals of Shiraz. Accordingly, 21 medical staff and 31 medical tourists were investigated. The Friedman Test was used to prioritize and rank the most important weaknesses, strengths, opportunities, and threats of medical tourism. Results: The results showed that medical tourism in the public hospitals of Shiraz had 9 strengths, 8 weaknesses, 8 opportunities, and 6 threats. A total of 17 strategies, including four SO strategies, three ST strategies, six WO strategies, and four WT strategies for medical tourism in the public hospitals of Shiraz were developed. Some of the major parts of these strategies included the development of medical tourism in the public hospitals of Shiraz, the establishment of medical justice for medical tourists through the optimal distribution of services and control over price and quality, the fight against corruption and collusion, plans for supporting the officials, financial support and investment in the medical tourism sector, and the development of strategic plans for supporting medical tourism. Conclusion: It seems that appropriate policies should be legislated by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education to improve the medical tourism in Shiraz.
Review on Tanduliyaka (Amaranthus spinosus L) - A Weed, A Vegetable and A Medicinal Plant
Authors: Chandrashekhar Karnam
Published: December 2021

Weed is an unwanted plant growing on a cultivating land. Surprisingly, sometimes, certain weed turns out to be a great source of food or medicine. Nature has been so generous in providing a lot of useful things to humans. The great sages of Ayurveda have never let down any plant. They always tried to appreciate the usefulness of a plant in one or the other way. But, there are some instances where few therapeutic uses of certain plants were not documented in the literature of Ayurveda for unknown reasons. Ethno-botanical uses of such plants, if collected and studied, in addition to Ayurveda, will certainly make wonders in health care system. This review directs towards   an underutilized, less explained, perhaps not significantly appreciated and categorically unspoken plant called Tanduliyaka (Amaranthus spinosus Linn) which has been used by many folklore and ethnic groups of India. This study reveals 45 synonyms of plant along with some notable ethno-botanical uses and its validated activities proving itself as the plant of much interest .
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a review of diagnosis and management
Authors:   South West Neurosurgery Centre, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, United Kingdom, Jeffery Samuel
Published: December 2021

With the increasing prevalence of obesity, the incidence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is rising. Headache and threat to vision are the predominant features and the principal cause of morbidity and reduced quality of life. Identification of papilloedema must prompt urgent investigation to exclude any underlying cause and management should be multi-disciplinary, focusing on protecting vision and reducing headache burden. Weight loss is the most effective and only disease modifying treatment for IIH but surgical interventions may need to be considered in some patients. Whilst optic nerve sheath fenestration and CSF diversion have established roles in protecting vision, there is increasing interest in venous sinus stenting and bariatric surgery as additional interventions that may have efficacy in the treatment of this condition.
Impact of Vocational Training Programme toward Rural Women Conducted by KVK in Korea District of Chhattisgarh
Authors: Yadav Sakshee , Kumar Bose Dipak , Jahanara Jahanara
Published: December 2021

KVKs impart trainings and education with a view to raise the level of knowledge, attitudinal changes and testing and transferring of recommended improved farm technologies so as to bridge the gap between production and productivity and also to increase self-employment opportunities among the farming community. Rural Women in India, contributing 25% of GDP, is increasingly becoming a Female Activity. The present study was an attempt to evaluate the impact of training on its beneficiaries with reference to know the extent of success in raising the income of beneficiaries. For attaining the objectives, the present investigation was carried out in Baikunthpur block of Koriya district, Chhattisgarh. A total of 60 trainees and 60 non-trainees were selected as sample for the study. The data were collected by personal interview with the help of structured and pre-tested schedule. Percentage and other statistical tools were used to analyze the data. Age, educational status, land holding, number of training attended and progressiveness had significant relation with income and employment generation. Size of family, occupation, annual income, extension participation and risk bearing capacity had non-significant relation with income and employment generation.
Znaczenie marki przy wyborze ubezpieczyciela przez rolników

Importance of the brand in selecting an insurer by farmers
Authors: Czuba Tomasz
Published: December 2021

W związku z różnorodnością oferowanych na rynku produktów, coraz częściej konsumenci kierują się nie tylko ich jakością (definiowaną na różne sposoby) czy dostarczanymi korzyściami, lecz także opinią o przedsiębiorstwie. Im jest ona lepsza, tym pozytywniej nabywcy reagują na oferowane produkty. Pozytywny wizerunek przedsiębiorstwa czy powszechnie znana marka oferentów przyczyniają się do pogłębienia relacji z klientami oraz wzrostu ich lojalności. To z kolei pozwala w przyszłości łatwiej budować ofertę produktową. Oznaczać to będzie skrócenie procesu podejmowania decyzji zakupowych i potwierdzenia trafności dokonanego wyboru.
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest wskazanie znaczenia marki przy wyborze ubezpieczyciela przez rolników. Specyfika rynku ubezpieczeniowego w segmencie rolnym zdaje się wskazywać, że istotna jest przede wszystkim cena. Według obiegowych opinii, jeśli można zaoszczędzić, to marka nie ma znaczenia. Dlatego właśnie autor poddał weryfikacji hipotezę badawczą, że znajomość marki ma dla rolników istotne znaczenie przy wyborze ubezpieczyciela. Weryfikacja hipotezy opiera się na badaniach empirycznych zrealizowanych przez autora w 2020 roku na próbie 500 rolników w całej Polsce. Zaprezentowane wnioski z weryfikacji statystycznej potwierdzają hipotezę o znaczeniu marki przy wyborze ubezpieczyciela według różnych kryteriów tego wyboru.
Monitorowanie i ocena systemów ubezpieczeń społecznych – przegląd kryteriów proponowanych przez Komisję Europejską i Bank Światowy oraz propozycje ich rozszerzenia w kontekście starzenia się populacji

Monitoring and assessment of social security systems – review of the criteria proposed by the European Commission and the World Bank and proposals for their extension in the context of an aging population
Authors: Bielawska Kamila
Published: December 2021

Ubezpieczenia społeczne w wielu krajach są istotną częścią systemu zabezpieczenia
społecznego. Specyficzne cechy ubezpieczeń społecznych, m.in. ekwiwalentność
i roszczeniowość świadczeń czy odrębność źródeł finansowania, powodują, że należy
dbać o to, aby interesariusze mieli stały dostęp do wiarygodnych informacji na ich temat, zarówno w zakresie stanu bieżącego, jak i w odpowiednio długim horyzoncie czasu. Powinno to sprzyjać zaufaniu do ubezpieczeń społecznych.
Celem artykułu jest dokonanie przeglądu obszarów i kryteriów stosowanych do oceny
systemów ubezpieczeń społecznych na podstawie adaptacji rekomendacji Komisji Europejskiej oraz Banku Światowego w odniesieniu do systemów emerytalnych oraz wskazanie obszarów, których ocena powinna zyskać na znaczeniu w świetle starzenia się populacji. Jak wynika z przeprowadzonej analizy, ocena adekwatności i stabilności finansowej jest rozwinięta i stanowi pewien standard. Natomiast obszar związany z modernizacją ubezpieczeń społecznych, tj. dostosowywaniem ich do zmieniającej się sytuacji demograficznej i ekonomicznej, jest nadal wyzwaniem. Zbyt małą rolę przypisuje się ocenie równości ze względu na płeć, skali redystrybucji, transparentności i wiarygodności informacji o ubezpieczeniach społecznych.

Słowa kluczowe: ocena, ubezpieczenia społeczne, wskaźniki.
Fundusz Prewencji i Rehabilitacji KRUS jako narzędzie zapobiegania wypadkom w rolnictwie

KRUS Prevention and Rehabilitation Fund as a tool for preventing accidents in agriculture
Authors: Rybak Małgorzata , Halczak Przemysław
Published: December 2021

W opracowaniu przedstawiono zagadnienia dotyczące finansowania działań
prewencyjnych KRUS z Funduszu Prewencji i Rehabilitacji, kierunki działań prewencyjnych realizowanych przez Kasę, dane statystyczne na temat wypadków i chorób zawodowych rolników oraz przyczyny i okoliczności zdarzeń wypadkowych. Prowadzone działania prewencyjne mają na celu zmniejszenie liczby wypadków i chorób zawodowych rolników, zapobieganie ich powstawaniu oraz ograniczenie ich skutków poprzez podniesienie poziomu wiedzy o zagrożeniach związanych z prowadzeniem gospodarstw i promowanie zasad bezpiecznej i higienicznej pracy.
Celem opracowania jest omówienie źródeł finansowania działań prewencyjnych, w tym
wydatków w latach 2017–2020, służących zapobieganiu/ograniczeniu wypadkowości
w rolnictwie.

Słowa kluczowe: działania prewencyjne, Fundusz Prewencji i Rehabilitacji, kategorie
wypadków przy pracy rolniczej, KRUS, przyczyny wypadków, wypadki przy pracy i choroby zawodowe rolników.
Optimal control to limit the spread of COVID-19 in Italy
Authors:   Dept. of Operational Research, Research Unit LaMOS (Modeling and Optimization of Systems), University of Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria, Zaitri Mohamed Abdelaziz , Bibi Mohand Ouamer ,   Dept. of Operational Research, Research Unit LaMOS (Modeling and Optimization of Systems), University of Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria, Torres Delfim F. M. ,   Dept. of Mathematics, Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Published: December 2021

We apply optimal control theory to a generalized SEIR-type model. The proposed system has three controls, representing social distancing, preventive means, and treatment measures to combat the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyze such optimal control problem with respect to real data transmission in Italy. Our results show the appropriateness of the model, in particular with respect to the number of quarantined/hospitalized (confirmed and infected) and recovered individuals. Considering the Pontryagin controls, we show how in a perfect world one could have drastically diminish the number of susceptible, exposed, infected, quarantined/hospitalized, and death individuals, by increasing the population of insusceptible/protected.
Bioinformatic Analysis of Antiviral Medicinal Compounds Against Sars Cov-2 Proteases
Authors:   Dept. of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Republic of Korea, Shah Fahad Hassan , Lim Kyeong Ho ,   Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Republic of Korea, Kim Song Ja ,   Dept. of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Republic of Korea
Published: December 2021

The world is under siege from a global pandemic caused by a novel class of coronaviruses called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2). These viruses cause severe respiratory illness leading to death. Molecular studies reveal that SARS CoV-2 proteases are involved in the processing of viral polyproteins. This study was conducted to obtain antiviral agents for SARS CoV-2 proteases. An extensive library of antiviral medicinal compounds was scrutinized to determine the probable interaction with both main and 3-chymotrypsin like proteases. Six antiviral compounds (Abietic Acid, Gallic Acid, Piceatannol, Piperine, Sinomenine, and Triptolide) were capable of establishing hydrogen bonds with the active pocket residues of the viral proteases, with appreciable binding energy. These compounds were subjected to root mean square analysis and tested not only for acute toxicity, but also for absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties. Results were favourable for use in the treatment of SARS COV-2 infection.
Influence of the different pod positions and screening methods on soybean pod shattering
Authors:   Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia,, KrisnawatI Ayda , Soegianto Andy ,   Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia,, Waluyo Budi ,   Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia,, Adie Mochammad Muchlish ,   Dept. of Plant Breeding, Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute, Malang, Indonesia, Kuswanto Kuswanto ,   Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia,
Published: December 2021

Pod shattering is one of the major soybean constraints in the soybean production centers, particularly in the tropics. The screening for pod shattering resistance of 16 genotypes was carried out using detached and undetached pod methods on the three different pod positions on the stem. The field research was arranged in a randomized block design, during the dry season in Banyuwangi, Indonesia. The shattering evaluation was conducted in the laboratory using the ovendry method. The screening methods to investigate the pod shattering resistance of each genotype consisted of the detached pod (DP), undetached pod (UDP), and undetached whole-stem method (UWS). The result showed that the detached pod method (DP) resulted in a higher average podshattering percentage (15%) than the undetached pod methods (UDP and UWS, 13% and 11%, respectively). Nevertheless, the detached pod and undetached pod methods provide a consistent result for the evaluation of pod shattering resistance, showed by their correlation coefficients (DP and UDP, r = 0.98**; DP and UWS, r = 0.98**, UDP and UWS, r = 0.99**). The detached pod with the oven-dry method was suggested to be used for screening of pod shattering resistance. This method enables to screen genotypes in greater numbers, provides a homogeneous selection pressure and environmental condition. Pods at the upper part of the stem were more resistant to shattering than those pods in the middle part and lower part. The pod length, seed length, seed weight, pod wall weight to the pod weight ratio, and weight of 25 seeds appeared to be the significant indicators for pod shattering resistance. The shattering evaluation resulted in five soybean genotypes (Anj/G100H-28, Anj/G100H-44, Anj/Rjbs-304, Anj/Rjbs-30, and Detap 1) with consistent resistance to pod shattering based on the three methods. These genotypes can be used as donor parents in the breeding program for pod shattering resistance.
A new framework for Arabic recitation using speech recognition and the Jaro Winkler algorithm
Authors:   Computer Science department,College of Computer and Information Sciences,Prince Sultan University, Saudi Arabia, Larabi-Marie-Sainte Souad , Alnamlah Betool S. ,   Computer Science department,College of Computer and Information Sciences,Prince Sultan University, Saudi Arabia, Alkassim Norah F. ,   Computer Science department,College of Computer and Information Sciences,Prince Sultan University, Saudi Arabia, Alshathry Sara Y. ,   Computer Science department,College of Computer and Information Sciences,Prince Sultan University, Saudi Arabia
Published: December 2021

Automated recitation plays an important role in improving self-learning. It is based on Speech/Text recognition. The research in Arabic speech recognition is very limited. The few existing applications are only based on the Holy Qur’an. This article proposed a new system (Samee’a - ) to facilitate memorizing any kind of text such that poems, speeches and the Holy Qur’an. Samee’a system is based on Google Cloud Speech Recognition API to convert the Arabic speech to text and Jaro Winkler Distance algorithm to determine the similarity between the original and converted texts. The system has been tested using 70 collected files ranging between 12 to 400 words and some chapters from the Holy Qur’an. The average similarity achieved 83.33% for the 70 files and 69% for the selected chapters of the Holy Qur’an. These results were enhanced to 91.33 % and 95.66% after applying preprocessing operations on the text files and the Holly Qur’an respectively. To validate the obtained results, two comparison studies were performed. The Jaro Winker distance was successfully compared to the cosine and the Euclidean distance. In addition, the proposed system outperformed the related work with an improvement of the similarity reaching 5% when using section 30 of the Holy Qur’an. Finally, the user experience testing was carried out by 10 users of different ages (between 5 and 50-year-old) using small texts and some small chapters of the Holy Qur’an. The proposed system proved its efficiency.
Digit recognition using decimal coding and artificial neural network
Authors:   Dept. of Computer Science, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco, Datsi Toufik , Aznag Khalid ,   Dept. of Computer Science, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco, Oirrak Ahmed El ,   Dept. of Computer Science, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
Published: December 2021

Current artificial neural network image recognition techniques use all the pixels of an image as input. In this paper, we present an efficient method for handwritten digit recognition that involves extracting the characteristics of a digit image by coding each row of the image as a decimal value, i.e., by transforming the binary representation into a decimal value. This method is called the decimal coding of rows. The set of decimal values calculated from the initial image is arranged as a vector and normalized; these values represent the inputs to the artificial neural network. The approach proposed in this work uses a multilayer perceptron neural network for the classification, recognition, and prediction of handwritten digits from 0 to 9. In this study, a dataset of 1797 samples were obtained from a digit database imported from the Scikit-learn library. Backpropagation was used as a learning algorithm to train the multilayer perceptron neural network. The results show that the proposed approach achieves better performance than two other schemes in terms of recognition accuracy and execution time.
Discovering Video Integrity through Blockchains
Authors: Kadlag Sarika U. , Chaudhari Neelima K. , Wakchaure Sushma L.
Published: December 2021

Video surveillance has been increasing in popularity in the recent years. This is due to the advancements in the sensor technology that has led to increased affordability of cameras and other video capturing approaches. This has led to a large number of organizations and individuals utilizing the video surveillance to deter criminals from committing the crime. This evidence can be utilized in court to facilitate the justice department effectively for investigation. As there have also been improvements in the approaches to tamper and edit the video footage effectively, there is a need to achieve video integrity to effectively prove the authenticity of the footage. For this purpose, this research article has been effective in achieving video integrity evaluation through the utilization of the distributed Blockchain framework. The presented technique utilizes Advanced Encryption System along with Blockchain framework to achieve effective and useful video integrity evaluation. The experimental outcome has been effective in demonstrating the superiority of the proposed approach.
A etnografia pós-crítica como modo de pesquisar a prática pedagógica da Educação Física cultural
Authors: Oliveira Junior Jorge Luiz de , Neira Marcos Garcia
Published: December 2021

A etnografia tornou-se uma das formas preferidas de investigação no ambiente escolar em tempos recentes. Nos rastros de sua expansão, pesquisadores e pesquisadoras transformaram-na, atribuindo-lhe outras feições. Aqueles e aquelas que se ancoram nas contribuições da teorização pós-crítica passaram a ressignificá-la, dando vazão a novas produções. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar a etnografia pós-crítica enquanto perspectiva metodológica em pesquisas que envolvem a prática pedagógica. Para tanto, reunimos os argumentos teóricos que fundamentaram o surgimento da etnografia pós-crítica no contexto investigado, relatamos alguns resultados provenientes de seu emprego durante a investigação das aulas culturalmente orientadas de Educação Física em uma escola pública municipal paulistana e, por fim, indicamos possíveis contribuições para o debate a respeito das investigações sobre a prática pedagógica.
Új területek és témák a műfordítások kutatásában
Authors: Gulyás Adrienn
Published: December 2021

A tanulmány az interdiszciplinaritás fogalma köré rendezve mutat be műfordításokat vizsgáló friss kutatásokat. A fordítástudományhoz hasonlóan, amely az alkalmazott nyelvészet egyik legjelentősebb ágává nőtte ki magát az 1960-as évek óta, a műfordításokat vizsgáló kutatások is legalább egy, de inkább két-három másik társtudomány tudásanyagát és/vagy kutatásmódszertani eszköztárát használják. A példák a hagyományosabb diszciplína-társításoktól (nyelvészet és műfordítás-kutatás, irodalomtörténet és műfordítás-kutatás) haladnak a progresszívebb kutatási témák felé (színháztudomány és műfordítás-kutatás, gendertanulmányok és műfordítás-kutatás).
A BME Tolmács- és Fordítóképző Központjának online tolmácsképzése. Oktatói és hallgatói tapasztalatok
Authors: Szabó Csilla , Besznyák Rita
Published: December 2021

A pandémia nehéz helyzet elé állította a felsőoktatási intézmények többségét, különös tekintettel azokra, amelyek eszköz- és infrastruktúra-igényes speciális készségtárgyakat tanítanak. A tolmácsképző intézményeknek is rövid idő alatt kellett átállni távolléti oktatásra, s a korábban tantermi keretek között alkalmazott módszertani megoldásokat új technológiák segítségével online kontextusban megvalósítani. A tanulmány első felében felvázolunk néhány, az oktatók és a hallgatók körében elvégzett felmérést az online oktatással kapcsolatos tapasztalatokról, majd példákat hozunk arra, milyen nemzetközi, illetve hazai együttműködési kísérletek zajlottak le a képzőintézmények között ebben az időszakban. A tanulmány második felében összefoglaljuk, milyen – elsősorban pozitív – tapasztalatokat gyűjtöttünk a BME GTK Idegen Nyelvi Központjának Tolmács- és Fordítóképző Központjában (TFK) zajló szakirányú tolmácsképzéseken, részletesen elemezve az itt oktatott négy tolmácsolás mód (blattolás, konszekutív-, szinkron- és tárgyalástolmácsolás) kapcsán tapasztaltakat.
Implications of the 2021 ESC Cardiovascular Risk Classification among 283,000 European Immigrants Living in a Low-Risk Region: A Population-Based Analysis in Catalonia
Authors: Vela Emili , Cleries Montse , Bilal Usama , Banach Maciej , McEvoy John , Mortensen Martin , Blaha Michael , Nasir Khurram , Comin-Colet Josep , Mauri Josepa , Cainzos-Achirica Miguel
Published: December 2021

Introduction

The ESC recently classified European countries into 4 cardiovascular risk regions. However, whether Europeans from higher-risk countries living in lower-risk regions may benefit from intensive cardiovascular prevention efforts, is unknown. We described the burden of risk factors and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among European-born immigrants living in Catalonia, a low-risk region.

Material and methods

Retrospective cohort study of 5.6 million adults of European origin living in Catalonia in 2019, including 282,789 European-born immigrants. We used the regionwide healthcare database and classified participants into 5 groups: low-, moderate-, high-, and very high-risk, and local-born. Age-standardized prevalence was estimated as of December 31st, 2019 and incidence was computed during 2019 among at-risk individuals.

Results

The very high-risk was the largest immigrant group (N=136,910; 48.4%), while the high-risk group was the smallest (N=15,739; 5.6%). These two had the highest burden of coronary heart disease across all groups evaluated, in both men and women. The very high-risk group also had the highest prevalence of hypertension and obesity at young-to-middle age, and the burden of risk factors newly diagnosed during 2019 was highest in high- and very high-risk participants. The mean age at first diagnosis of risk factors and CVD was lower in these groups.

Conclusions

In Catalonia, residents born in high- and very-high-risk European countries are at increased risk of coronary heart disease and newly diagnosed risk factors. Low-risk European countries may consider tailored prevention efforts, early screening of risk factors, and adequate healthcare resource planning to better address the health needs of men and women from higher-risk countries.
The structure of child temperament as measured by the Polish versions of the Children’s Behavior Questionnaire and the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire: insight from the network psychometrics approach
Authors: Lipska Anna , Rogoza Radosław , Dębska Ewelina , Ponikiewska Klaudia , Putnam Samuel , Cieciuch Jan
Published: December 2021

Introduction

The model proposed by Rothbart is one of the most frequently used models to describe children’s temperament. However, the structure of temperamental traits in children is not unambiguous. We examine this structure in children from 3 to 10 years of age using two different measures in a less often studied cultural context (i.e., central Europe), and using a recently developed and still less common approach to study the internal structure of scales (i.e., network psychometrics).

Material and methods

This paper examines the structure of temperamental dimensions in children using two different measures – the Children’s Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) and the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire (TMCQ) – in two studies conducted on children aged 4-7 years (N = 178; CBQ) and aged 7-10 years (N = 189; TMCQ). We verified the structural validity of these measures with a bootstrapped exploratory graph analysis, which represents the network psychometric approach.

Results

Network psychometric analysis supported differentiation of three factors of temperamental traits in both groups of children. In addition, the construct validity of these instruments was supported through correlations of the temperament factors measured by the CBQ and the TMCQ with Emotionality, Activity, Sociability, and Shyness scales measured with the EAS Temperament Survey; and through confirmation of expected gender differences in the CBQ and TMCQ factors.

Conclusions

Our findings support a three-factor solution of temperamental traits in children representing Negative Affectivity, Effortful Control, and Surgency.
The reliability of measures provided by the Unstable Platform for Balance Analysis in young adults with and without visual information
Authors: Leme Juliane Cristina , Candido Cristiane Regina Coelho , Nascimento Vitor Bertoli , Dascal Juliana Bayeux , Okazaki Victor Hugo Alves
Published: December 2021

Purpose

The Unstable Platform for Balance Analysis (UP-balance) has been used in several studies to evaluate different situations of balance and constraints. However, the reliability of its measurements has not been analysed yet. Therefore, the present study investigated the reliability of the measures provided by UP-balance in young adults in bipedal posturę with and without vision.

Methods

For such analysis, 30 young adults, male and female (mean age: 22.9 years; SD = 3.8 years), performed 3 attempts of the task which consisted in maintaining balance on an UP-balance on a bipedal base for 20 seconds, with and without visual information, with perturbations in the medial-lateral and anterior-posterior directions.

Results

The UP-balance variables presented high inter-trial reliability (ICC > 0.76; p < 0.05), except for balance time in the anterior-posterior direction and non-vision condition, which exhibited moderate inter-trial reliability (ICC = 0.73; p < 0.05).

Conclusions

UP-balance seemed to be a reliable instrument for the analysis of balance in situations of instability on a base support.
Adaptation and psychometric properties
of Severity Measure for Specific Phobia-Adult
in an Indonesian sample
Authors: V. S. Kaloeti Dian , W. Yuniarti Kwartarini , G. P. Siswandi Ahmad , M. R. Tuapattinaja Josetta
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Phobia is known as a type of anxiety disorder characterized by exaggerated and irrational fear about some specific situation, place, or object. Distinct from other types of disorder, specific phobias are characterized by immediate, intense, and irrational fear if particular objects or situations are confronted. The use of the instrument to measure the specific phobia can help the Indonesian clinician to conceptualize and develop the appropriate intervention. This study aimed to translate and adapt the Severity Measure for Specific Phobia-Adult (SMSP-A) and to determine the psychometric properties of this measurement in Indonesia with a sample of university students.

Material and methods

The SMSP-A adapted scale was administered to 417 participants who were randomly selected from four universities in Indonesia. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted on the data.

Results

The modified two-factor model with 10 items (adding covariance) provided a marginally better fit than the original two-factor model with 10 items (χ2 = 88.65, df = 33, GFI = .96, CFI = .98, TLI = .97, RMSEA = .06). Further, gender and ethnicity were contributory factors in terms of experiencing the level of phobia.

Conclusions

The application of the 10-item (adding covariance) SMSP-A provides a valid and reliable scale to measure specific phobia among Indonesian undergraduate students. Therefore, the university’s counselors can use the SMSP-A in order to assess psychological conditions regarding phobia. The results from such assessments can be used to modify psychological education programs aiming at enhancing mental health.
Response of glycaemic control to extravascular low level laser therapy in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Serry Zahra Mohamed Hassan , El-Khashab Sahier Omer , El-Monaem Hend Abd El-Monaem Abd , Hamdy Elrefaey Basant
Published: December 2021

Introduction

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of low level laser therapy (extravascular laser blood irradiation) on glycaemic levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Methods

Sixty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus lasting more than 1 year, aged 45–60 years, receiving 2 types of medication (metformin and sulphonylurea) were randomly divided into 2 equal groups. The laser group received laser therapy (low level laser therapy, 3 sessions/week for 12 weeks) combined with their prescribed hypoglycaemic medications, while the comparative group received the prescribed hypoglycaemic medications only. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, 75-g oral glucose tolerance, and fasting C-peptide were evaluated before and after the therapy in both groups, while the glycaemic level was checked before and after each laser session to determine the acute effect of laser.

Results

All variables were tested with mixed MANOVA, with a statistical significance level at p < 0.05. There was a significant post-treatment decrease in HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, and oral glucose tolerance in the laser group compared with the control group (p < 0.05), but no significant difference for post-treatment fasting C-peptide between the groups (p > 0.05). Regarding the acute effect of laser, a significant decrease was observed in the blood glucose level after the laser sessions (p = 0.0001), with a mean difference of 22.73 mg/dl.

Conclusions

The study showed a considerable positive effect of extravascular low level laser therapy on the glycaemic levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Correlations of back muscle electromyography and gait analysis data as a basis for exercise prescription in patients with lumbar disc herniation
Authors: Petrosyan Tigran , Mkrtchyan Hasmik , Martirosyan Naira , Petrosyan Arman , Koloyan Haykanush , Majidi Hananeh , Ismail Mohamed
Published: December 2021

Introduction

The principles and practice of physical rehabilitation in patients with lumbar disc herniation still remain controversial. The objective of the study was to reveal the correlations of gait pattern changes and muscle (spinal and leg muscles) electromyographic recordings in patients with lumbar disc herniation

Methods

A motion capture system was used to analyse gait parameters, including angular measurements of hip, knee, and ankle joints, foot support time, pace rate, and speed. A targeted exercise program with exercises in a shortened position of muscles without exceeding the internal range of contraction was applied to level the values of goniometric data and pace parameters obtained by motion capture.

Results

The gait restored owing to the reconditioning of spine and leg muscles, confirmed by the recorded changes in electromyographic data, ensures the irreversible nature of gait improvement. The changes in H-reflex expression and muscle baseline electromyography of spine and leg muscles make up a proper tool that provides a system for periodic evaluation of gait recovery.

Conclusions

Targeting the weak muscles helped to identify the causes of gait deviations, revealing an expressed positive (negative) correlation between the targeted muscle strengthening and gait restoration. This confirms the importance of selective targeting and strengthening of the muscles to restore the deviated angles and other gait parameters.
Meningkatkan Keterampilan Mengajar Guru Bidang Studi Agama Melalui Pembimbingan Dan Praktek Mengajar
Authors: Syahputra Alhafif
Published: December 2021

Teachers in the field of Religious Studies have poor teaching skills. Teachers are always given instruction in the traditional lecture format, which is not accompanied by any teaching techniques. Through mentoring and teaching methods, this project intends to strengthen the teaching skills of Religious Studies teachers at MTsN Pematangsiantar. This research uses a school action research approach, research was undertaken at MTsN Pematangsiantar with a total of 15 teachers involved, and it is a school action research project. The findings revealed that 1) the mean value of teacher teaching skills increased significantly, 2) the mean value of teacher teaching skills in Pre-cycle was 112,00, and the mean value of teacher teaching skills in Cycle I increased to 220,47, and 3) the mean value of teacher teaching skills in Cycle II increased to 253,40.