bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Yoga Exercise on Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation of Postpartum Women
Authors: Li Qunfeng
Published: January 2022

Rehabilitation of the pelvic floor after delivery is very important for women. Pelvic floor rehabilitation can speed up the recovery of the postpartum vagina and pelvic floor muscle tension and elasticity and have a good effect on the prevention and treatment of postpartum vaginal prolapse and relaxation, urinary incontinence and other pelvic floor disorders. Thus, this article focuses on yoga exercise to explore its impact on postpartum pelvic floor rehabilitation. This article uses electrical stimulation and the treatment of pelvic floor muscles combined with the posture recognition algorithm, the yoga rehabilitation training program that has the best effect on the parturient is obtained, and the yoga myoelectric stimulation combined method and the traditional myoelectric stimulation method are designed for comparison experiments. The experimental results show that the parturients who have undergone the combined method of yoga myoelectric stimulation, in the resting state, contraction state, and Valsalva state, the position of the bladder meridian, the position of the uterus, and the position of the rectal ampulla of the parturient have a significant recovery compared those who have undergone the traditional electromyography treatment. In addition, the average area of hiatus in the pelvic floor ultrasound examination in the control group 42 days postpartum was 12.2605 cm2, while the average area of the hiatus in the pelvic floor ultrasound examination in the experimental group 42 days postpartum was 10.788 cm2; the average area of hiatus in the pelvic floor ultrasound examination in the control group at 3 months postpartum was 11.4805 cm2, and the average area of hiatus in the pelvic floor ultrasound examination in the experimental group at 3 months postpartum was 8.9475 cm2. To sum up, yoga had a very significant improvement on the physical indicators and mental health of postpartum women.
lncRNA MSC-AS1 Aggravates Diabetic Nephropathy by Regulating the miR-325/CCNG1 Axis
Authors: Zhao Hongtu , Cui Yuanyuan , Dong Fuqing , Li Wencong
Published: January 2022

Background. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and has become the second leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the world. This study aims to clarify the regulatory mechanism of the lncRNA MSC-AS1/miR-325/cyclin G1 (CCNG1) axis in DN. Methods. The regulatory mechanism of lncRNA MSC-AS1/miR-325/CCNG1 was evaluated by RT-qPCR, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry assay, RNA pull-down assay, ELISA, and western blot assay. Results. Upregulation of lncRNA MSC-AS1 was detected in DN patients and HRMC cells treated with high glucose (HG). Knockdown of lncRNA MSC-AS1 reduced the proliferation, fibrosis, and inflammation of HRMC cells induced by HG. In addition, lncRNA MSC-AS1 acts as a miR-325 sponge in the DN. CCNG1 is the direct target of miR-325, which can be positively regulated by lncRNA MSC-AS1 in DN. More importantly, downregulation of miR-325 and upregulation of CCNG1 can attenuate the protective effect of lncRNA MSC-AS1 knockdown on DN. Conclusion. lncRNA MSC-AS1 aggravates DN by downregulating miR-325 and upregulating CCNG1.
Targeting AraC-Resistant Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Dual Inhibition of CDK9 and Bcl-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Linzhang , Han Chengwu , Yu Xueying , Shen Jun , Cao Yongtong
Published: January 2022

Purpose. This study aims to determine the influence of targeting araC-resistant acute myeloid leukemia by dual inhibition cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK9) and B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2). Method. The c-Myc inhibitor 10058-F4 and the CDK9 inhibitor AZD4573 were used to determine the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Results. 10058-F4 reduces c-Myc protein levels and suppresses HepG2 cell proliferation, possibly by upregulating cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, p21WAF1, and reducing intracellular alpha-fetal protein (AFP) levels. Conclusion. The combination of AZD4573 and 10058-F4 has a synergistic anti-araC-resistant AML activity, providing a solid database for the aforementioned scientific hypothesis.
Performance Characteristics of Cemented Tailings Containing Crumb Rubber as a Filling Material
Authors: Yu Zhuoqun , Qin Nan , Huang Sa , Li Jianguang , Wang Yongyan
Published: January 2022

Increasing amounts of tailings and waste rubber tires have caused threats to the environment. In order to reuse these solid wastes, this study proposed a cemented tailings material containing crumb rubber recovered from waste tires. Unconfined compression tests and thermal conductivity measurements were conducted to evaluate the feasibility and performance of the proposed cemented tailings. Results revealed that the stress-strain behavior of the cemented tailings changed by the inclusion of crumb rubber. The unconfined compressive strength of cemented tailings decreased with increasing crumb rubber content. The inclusion of crumb rubber increased the failure strain and nonlinearity index of the cemented tailings. It was found that the addition of 4% crumb rubber provided the greatest improvement in ductility. The increase of the rubber content further increased the thermal insulation capacity of the cemented tailings. The low stiffness and the dimpled surface of the crumb rubber were responsible for the reduced compressive strength and thermal conductivity of the cemented tailings. In conclusion, the crumb rubber had both positive and negative effects on the cemented tailings. In practical application, the rubber admixture amount should be flexibly adjusted for different use case to make the cemented tailings material show the most suitable performance characteristic.
Mechanism of Loading Fracture of Coal Mass and Formation of Oil and Gas Disaster Channel in Coal and Oil Resources Costorage Area
Authors: Shao Yawu , Suo Yonglu , Yang Tao
Published: January 2022

Fracture structure characteristics are crucial for determining the fracture mechanism of coal mass and the migration law of oil and gas disasters. In this study, computed tomography (CT) scanning technology and fractal theory were used to investigate the damage process of coal mass in the common storage area of coal and oil resources under uniaxial compression as well as the degree of damage of high-pressure oil and gas diffusion to the surrounding coal and rock mass. Uniaxial compression and acoustic emission signal acquisition tests of coal mass were conducted. The relationship among the load evolution law of coal samples at different positions around the oil well and the failure mode of key failure positions were further analyzed. Finally, the formation mechanism of coal load fracture and oil and gas disaster channel in coal and oil resource costorage area was investigated. The test results showed the following: (1) High-pressure oil and gas diffusion degrades the mechanical properties of coal mass in varying degrees. The closer the coal sample to the oil well, the greater the fracture development degree, the fracture density, the fracture fractal dimension of coal sample, and the severity of the coal mass damage and the lower the compressive strength, the acoustic emission event number, and the cumulative energy. (2) The lateral diffusion of high-pressure oil and gas changes the failure mode of coal samples in the common storage area of coal and oil resources. The failure modes when the sampling location is away from the oil well are step failure, conjugate shrinkage failure, and high-frequency vibration intermittent microcrack fracture. (3) Coal mass instability and coal mine oil and gas disaster in the common storage area of coal and oil resources can easily be induced by the formation of microfracture expansion, extension, and coalescence caused by coal failure, the formation of network and macrochannels of main fracture, and the instantaneous release of accumulated stress during failure.
Optimal Deep-Learning-Enabled Intelligent Decision Support System for SARS-CoV-2 Classification
Authors: Dutta Ashit Kumar , Aljarallah Nasser Ali , Abirami T. , Sundarrajan M. , Kadry Seifedine , Nam Yunyoung , Jeong Chang-Won
Published: January 2022

Intelligent decision support systems (IDSS) for complex healthcare applications aim to examine a large quantity of complex healthcare data to assist doctors, researchers, pathologists, and other healthcare professionals. A decision support system (DSS) is an intelligent system that provides improved assistance in various stages of health-related disease diagnosis. At the same time, the SARS-CoV-2 infection that causes COVID-19 disease has spread globally from the beginning of 2020. Several research works reported that the imaging pattern based on computed tomography (CT) can be utilized to detect SARS-CoV-2. Earlier identification and detection of the diseases is essential to offer adequate treatment and avoid the severity of the disease. With this motivation, this study develops an efficient deep-learning-based fusion model with swarm intelligence (EDLFM-SI) for SARS-CoV-2 identification. The proposed EDLFM-SI technique aims to detect and classify the SARS-CoV-2 infection or not. Also, the EDLFM-SI technique comprises various processes, namely, data augmentation, preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification. Moreover, a fusion of capsule network (CapsNet) and MobileNet based feature extractors are employed. Besides, a water strider algorithm (WSA) is applied to fine-tune the hyperparameters involved in the DL models. Finally, a cascaded neural network (CNN) classifier is applied for detecting the existence of SARS-CoV-2. In order to showcase the improved performance of the EDLFM-SI technique, a wide range of simulations take place on the COVID-19 CT data set and the SARS-CoV-2 CT scan data set. The simulation outcomes highlighted the supremacy of the EDLFM-SI technique over the recent approaches.
Evaluating Effectiveness of Low-Carbon Transition Policy Mix Based on Urban Private Car Trajectory Data
Authors: Chen Wenjie , Wu Xiaogang
Published: January 2022

Under the vision of achieving carbon neutrality by 2060, it is urgent to introduce appropriate carbon reduction policy for city road traffic. This paper establishes a three-layer neural network model to predict the carbon emission from private cars based on urban private car trajectory data, simulates and analyzes the carbon emission from private cars, travel cost, personal income, and government revenue under the four policy perspectives, and evaluates and compares the emission reduction effects under four policy perspectives. Next, this paper evaluates the government revenue from the perspective of carbon tax and policy mix and compares the individual consumer utility of two-commodity and three-commodity mix, as well as the total social benefits under the four policy perspectives. The results show that the policy mix has better implementation effect on carbon emission reduction, personal income, and travel cost. The implementation effect of the single carbon tax policy is better in terms of government revenue. The implementation effect of the single carbon trading policy is better in terms of social benefit. In addition, as the carbon tax rate increases, the consumer utility tends to decline. Finally, this paper puts forward specific policy implementation proposals based on the above simulation analysis.
Pylephlebitis Caused by Fusobacterium nucleatum in a Septuagenarian Healthy Caucasian Male: Atypical Presentation of Lemierre’s Syndrome
Authors: Abbas Muhammad , Constantin Monica Ioana , Narendra Akshay
Published: January 2022

Lemierre’s syndrome (LS) is characterized by thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein caused primarily by Fusobacterium necrophorum. LS is usually suspected in fit young adults with prolonged or prior pharyngeal infection. Atypical Lemierre’s syndrome is commonly defined as Fusobacterium-associated thrombophlebitis outside the head-neck veins and usually occurs in older patients than typical Lemierre’s syndrome. Here we present a case of atypical LS in a septuagenarian healthy Caucasian male with no prior history of pharyngitis and in whom both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated partial portal vein thrombosis associated with Fusobacterium nucleatum. This case report confirms previous reports of Fusobacterium nucleatum-associated LS variants presenting with abdominal vein thrombosis and illustrates clinical recovery after a combination of anticoagulation and antibiotic therapy.
Investigation of the TIG Welding Process for Joining AA6082 Alloy Using Grey Relational Analysis
Authors: Kumar G. Sathish , Ramesh M. , Dinesh S. , Paramasivam Prabhu , Parthipan N.
Published: January 2022

The goal of this project is to find optimization parameters in the TIG weld bead. To ensure the success of this research project, a semiautomatic TIG was developed. Samples are made in a single bead on top of a substrate (base metal) in a horizontal position. Aluminum 6082 is used as the substrate, and AA5356 filler wire with a diameter of 2.4 mm is used as the filler wire. This research project employs argon as the shielding gas. Welding current (A), travel speed (mm/min), and gas flow rate (lit/min) have all been identified as influencing parameters for welding. The Taguchi orthogonal array L9 (Minitab 19) was used to calculate the amount of runoff and analyze the samples. Tensile and hardness tests were performed on the welded samples. According to the test results, as the current value increases, the tensile strength and the hardness values decrease. As a result of this experiment, it is possible to conclude based on grey relational analysis that the best parameters for welding Al 6082 alloy are 150 A of welding current, 200 mm/min of travel speed, and a gas flow rate of 14 lit/min.
Systemic Analyses of the Expression of TPI1 and Its Associations with Tumor Microenvironment in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yang Xiaodong , Ye Cong , Zheng Hui , Dai Chenyang , Zhu Yuming
Published: January 2022

Background. Recent studies have shown that the expression level of triosephosphate isomerase 1 (TPI1) may be associated with the occurrence and metastasis of tumors, but the expression level of TPI1 and its effect on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) are not yet clear. Methods. We comprehensively explored and validated the TPI1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma in public datasets. The associations of TPI1 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were also studied in both histological types. Moreover, we analyzed the potential relations of TPI1 with immunomodulators and immune cell infiltrations in the tumor microenvironment based on previous literatures and bioinformatic tools. Results. We found that TPI1 was significantly overexpressed in LUAD and LUSC. Significant associations of TPI1 expression were observed regarding age, gender, and pathological stages in LUAD. However, similar trend was only found with respect to age in LUSC. The high expression of TPI1 was significantly associated with worse survival in LUAD, but not in LUSC. Furthermore, we explored the potential distribution and changes of TPI1 expression in tumor microenvironment. Pathway enrichment analyses were performed to identify possible roles of TPI1 in both lung cancers. Conclusions. TPI1 was overexpressed in both LUAD and LUSC. Increased TPI1 expression was correlated with poor prognosis in LUAD and changed immune cell infiltrating in various degrees in both histological types. Our study provides insights in understanding the potential roles of TPI1 in tumor progression and immune microenvironment.
A Machine Learning-Based Intelligence Approach for Multiple-Input/Multiple-Output Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Sridhar V. , Ranga Rao K. V. , Vinay Kumar V. , Mukred Muaadh , Ullah Syed Sajid , AlSalman Hussain
Published: January 2022

Computational intelligence methods play an important role for supporting smart networks operations, optimization, and management. In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), increasing the number of nodes has a need for transferring large volume of data to remote nodes without any loss. These large amounts of data transmission might lead to exceeding the capacity of WSNs, which results in congestion, latency, and packet loss. Congestion in WSNs not only results in information loss but also burns a significant amount of energy. To tackle this issue, a practical computational intelligence approach for optimizing data transmission while decreasing latency is necessary. In this article, a Softmax-Regressed-Tanimoto-Reweight-Boost-Classification- (SRTRBC-) based machine learning technique is proposed for effective routing in WSNs. It can route packets around busy locations by selecting nodes with higher energy and lower load. The proposed SRTRBC technique is composed of two steps: route path construction and congestion-aware MIMO routing. Prior to constructing the route path, the residual energy of the node is determined. After that, the residual energy level is analyzed using softmax regression to determine whether or not the node is energy efficient. The energy-efficient nodes are located, and numerous paths between the source and sink nodes are established using route request and route reply. Following that, the SRTRBC technique is used for congestion-aware routing based on buffer space and bandwidth capability. The path that requires the least buffer space and has the highest bandwidth capacity is picked as the optimal route path among multiple paths. Finally, congestion-aware data transmission is used to minimize latency and data loss along the route path. The simulation considers a variety of performance metrics, including energy consumption, data delivery rate, data loss rate, throughput, and delay, in relation to the amount of data packets and sensor nodes.
TSG Targeting KDM5A Affects Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induced by Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
Authors: Wei Min , Jiang Yi , Huang Yuanqing
Published: January 2022

Objectives. To investigate the effect of 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG) on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and its molecular mechanism. Methods. After TSG treatment of rBMSCs, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was compared between the drug treatment group and the control group. The effects of TSG on alkaline phosphatase positive cloning and mineralized nodule formation were also detected. Total mRNA and protein were extracted, and the effects of TSG on the expression levels of osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCN), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Osterix, and Col1a1 were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Western blotting was used to detect the inhibitory effect of TSG on KDM5A. BMSCs were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting KDM5A (si-KMD5A) and pcDNA3.1 KMD5A. Results. TSG significantly increased the activity of ALP, the number of alkaline phosphatase clones, and calcified nodule formation. The OPN, OCN, Runx2, and Osterix expression levels were significantly increased among the osteoblasts after TSG treatment. A mechanistic study showed that the effect of TSG is realized by inhibiting KDM5A. Conclusions. KDM5A signaling may be involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. TSG can promote osteogenic differentiation and maturation of rBMSCs at 0.1–50 μmol/L. The mechanism of action was realized by inhibiting the expression of KDM5A.
Pharmaceutical Applications of Glucose Syrup from High Quality Cassava Flour in Oral Liquid Formulations
Authors: Simpson Ivan K. , Owusu Frederick W. A. , Boakye-Gyasi Mariam E. , Entsie Philomena , Bayor Marcel T. , Ofori-Kwakye Kwabena
Published: January 2022

Pharmaceutical oral solutions are preparations in which the active ingredients are dissolved in suitable liquid vehicles such as syrups. This study sought to determine the potential of glucose syrup produced from high quality cassava flour (HQCF) as a vehicle or sweetener in the preparation of paracetamol syrup and simple linctus. Four formulations (two paracetamol syrups (B1 and B2) and two simple linctus formulations (A1 and A2)) were prepared using glucose syrup from HQCF as vehicle or sweetener while two controls (B3 and A3) were prepared for each group using sucrose syrup as vehicle or sweetener. Two brands of paracetamol syrup and simple linctus were purchased from retail pharmacies to serve as standards. Physical and organoleptic parameters such as pH, taste and color, microbial load, and drug content of all formulations were determined. All formulations passed the microbial load and drug content tests as specified by the British Pharmacopoeia. The paracetamol syrups were all sweet with characteristic bitter aftertastes except formulation B2 which was sweetened with sucralose. All the simple linctus formulations were sweet except A2 (sweetened with sucralose) which was very sweet. The taste masking capacity of the glucose syrup produced from HQCF matched that of the sucrose syrup in the products formulated. Therefore, glucose syrup from HQCF could be a suitable alternative to sucrose syrup as a vehicle or sweetener in oral liquid formulations and can ultimately reduce the cost of these oral liquid formulations.
Insights through Modal Minimal Models for Analysis of Linear and Nonlinear Dynamic Problems
Authors: Hohl Andreas , Kulke Vincent , Ostermeyer Georg-Peter
Published: January 2022

Dynamic analysis of three-dimensional structures is common practice in industry to optimize products and in research to gain insights on the influence of parameters. The complexity differs based on the linearity or nonlinearity of the underlying problem, the type of excitation, e.g., forced or self-excitation, and the number of degrees of freedom that need to be examined. Reduced order models and optimized numerical methods are used to optimize the time and computational power needed to gain a certain insight. This article focusses on a specific class of problems where the modes of the structure do not or do not significantly change through the (damping) device or force that is added to the structure. Herein, lumped mass models are commonly used for analysis of the dynamic response of the system. In the article, it is highlighted that lumped mass models can give quantitative insight but modally reduced models allow a direct optimization of the problems with respect to the physical degree of freedom that, for example, is subject to self-excitation or dampened. The benefit of modal minimal models and its limitations are shown and discussed for different linear and nonlinear dynamic problems.
Primary Exploration of Efficacy of Community-Family Management Mode under Internet-Based Mobile Terminal Monitoring in Elderly Patients with Stable Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Li Xiang , Zheng Wenwu , Li Jinsong , Gao Yibin , Lin Qiang , Yang Jinfeng , Huang Shuiying , Wang Defang , Wang Bin
Published: January 2022

Objective. To explore the efficacy of community-family management mode under Internet-based mobile terminal (MT) monitoring in stable coronary heart disease (CHD) in the elderly. Methods. A total of 86 patients with stable CHD treated in our hospital from May 2018 to May 2021 were selected as the study objects for the retrospective study and were divided into the control group (routine intervention) and the research group (community-family management mode intervention under Internet MT monitoring) according to the health management modes, with 43 cases each, and the health behaviors and control of CHD were compared between the two groups. Results. No statistical between-group differences in general information were observed (

P
>
0.05

); 6 months after intervention, the control of laboratory indexes including blood pressure, blood glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol in patients was obviously better in the research group than in the control group (

P
>
0.05

); after intervention, the scores on rehabilitation knowledge level and secondary prevention behavior were obviously higher in the research group than in the control group (

P
>
0.05

); 6 months after intervention, the scores on physical limitation, anginal stabilization, anginal frequency, disease perception, and treatment satisfaction were obviously higher in the research group than in the control group (

P
>
0.05

); compared with the control group within 1 year of intervention, the readmission rate of the research group was significantly lower (

P
>
0.05

); and compared with the control group, the total score of CQQC and scores on physical strength, condition, general life, and social mentality were significantly better in the research group (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. Community-family management mode under Internet-based MT monitoring is the valid continuation of clinical nursing for elderly patients with stable CHD, which plays an effective role in terms of daily monitoring indexes, stabilizing condition, improving disease cognition, reducing the readmission rate, and improving the prognostic quality of life of patients.
Collateral Status and Clinical Outcomes after Mechanical Thrombectomy in Patients with Anterior Circulation Occlusion
Authors: Xu Yuzhu , Guo Songtao , Jiang Hao , Han Hui , Sun Jian , Wu Xi
Published: January 2022

Background. Successful mechanical thrombectomy (MT) requires reliable, noninvasive selection criteria. We aimed to investigate the association of collateral status and clinical outcomes after MT in patients with ischemic stroke due to anterior circulation occlusion. Methods. 109 patients with poor collaterals and 110 aged, sex-matched patients with good collaterals were enrolled in the study. Collateral circulation was estimated by the CT angiography with a 0–3 scale. The collateral status was categorized as poor collaterals (scores 0–1) and good collaterals (scores 2-3). The reperfusion was assessed by the modified Treatment in Cerebral Infarction scale (mTICI, score 0/1/2a/2b/3). The clinical outcomes included the scores on the modified Rankin scale (mRS, ranging from 0 to 6) and death 90 days after mechanical thrombectomy. Results. Patients with greater scores of collateral status were more likely to achieve successful reperfusion (mTICI 2b/3). Patients with good collaterals were significantly associated with a higher chance of achieving mRS of 0–1 at 90 days (adjusted ORs: 4.55; 95% CI: 3.17–7.24; and

P

 < 0.001) and a lower risk of death at 90 days (adjusted ORs: 0.87; 95% CI: 4.0%–28.0%; and

P

 = 0.012) compared to patients with poor collaterals. In subgroup analyses, patients with statin use seem to benefit more from the effect of collateral status on good mRS (≤2). Conclusion. Among patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by anterior circulation occlusion, better collateral status is associated with higher scores on mRS and lower mortality after mechanical thrombectomy. Statin use might have an interaction with the effect of collateral status.
Analysis of Related Factors of Early Mortality in Patients with Severe Renal Injury Treated with Continuous Venovenous Hemodialysis
Authors: Wang Qingyun , Liu Jia , Zhai Chengquan , Liu Juan
Published: January 2022

Background. To explore the related factors of early mortality in patients with severe renal injury treated with continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD), this study is of great significance to improve the treatment effect of hemodialysis. Methods. Clinical data of 83 patients with severe renal injury who underwent CVVHD treatment in Nephrology Department of our hospital (January 1, 2017, to June 30, 2019) were retrospectively analyzed. Results. Mortality was the highest in the first month of CVVHD treatment and then decreased obviously. Early mortality was particularly higher in patients aged 60 and above. Age of first hemodialysis, cardio cerebrovascular diseases, serum phosphorus, urea nitrogen, blood calcium, platelet count, lean body mass (LBM), and total cholesterol were significant risk factors for early mortality. Conclusion. The early mortality of patients with severe renal injury during CVVHD treatment was higher.
Artificial Intelligence Algorithm-Based MRI in Evaluating the Treatment Effect of Acute Cerebral Infarction
Authors: He Xiaojie , Liu Guangxiang , Zou Chunying , Li Rongrui , Zhong Juan , Li Hong
Published: January 2022

The study is aimed at exploring the application of artificial intelligence algorithm-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction, expected to provide a reference for diagnosis and effect evaluation of acute cerebral infarction. In this study, 80 patients diagnosed with suspected acute cerebral infarction per Diagnostic Criteria for Cerebral Infarction were selected as the research subjects. MRI images were reconstructed by deep dictionary learning to improve their recognition ability. At the same time, the same diagnostic operation was performed by Computed Tomography (CT) images to compare with MRI. The results of the interalgorithm comparison showed the image reconstruction effect of the deep dictionary learning model is significantly better than SAE reconstruction, single-layer dictionary reconstruction model, and KAVD reconstruction. After comparison, the results of MRI based on artificial intelligence algorithm and CT evaluation were statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). In the lesion image, the diameter of MRI lesions (

3.81
±
0.77

 cm) based on artificial intelligence algorithm and the diameter of lesions in CT (

3.66
±
1.65

 cm) also had significant statistical significance (

P
<
0.05

). The results showed that MRI based on deep learning was more sensitive than CT imaging for diagnosis and evaluation of patients with acute cerebral infarction, with only 1 case misdiagnosed. The rate of disease detection and lesion image quality had a higher improvement. The results can provide effective support for the clinical application of MRI based on artificial intelligence algorithm in the diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction.
Changes of Lacrimal Puncta by Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography after Topical Combined Antibiotic and Steroid Treatment in Cases of Inflammatory Punctual Stenosis
Authors: Awny Islam , Mossa Elshimaa A. Mateen , Bakheet Tasneem Mohammed , Mahmoud Hany , Mounir Amr
Published: January 2022

Purpose. To evaluate the role of medical treatment and assessing its effect on resolving epiphora and improving punctum size by high resolution AS-OCT imaging comparing punctal parameters in patients before and after treatment with topical combined antibiotic and steroid treatment in cases of inflammatory punctual stenosis. Patients and Methods. Double-blinded controlled randomized study which was conducted on two groups of patients who had acquired punctal stenosis and epiphora presented to Ophthalmology Clinics of Sohag University Hospitals in the period between Jan 2021 and April 2021. The study included 44 eyes of 50 subjects complaining of epiphora. They were divided into two groups, the epiphora group one (EG1) received eye drops containing combination of antibiotics and steroids (orchadexoline eye drops, each ml contains 5 mg chloramphenicol, 1 mg dexamethasone sodium phosphate, 0.25 mg tetryzoline hydrochloride, 2 mg hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 10 mg α-tocopherol acetate (vitamin E), and 8 mg macrogol 400), 5 times daily for the first week, three times daily for the next two weeks, and one time daily for another one week. The second epiphora group (EG2) received preservative-free artificial tears (sodium hyaluronate-, polyethylene-, and propylene glycol-based), three times daily for four weeks. The patients were examined before treatment, one week, one month, and one and half months later. Results. Both groups were comparable regarding mean age (49 ± 13 vs 53 ± 11 years,

P

value = 0.2) and sex (males were 38.6% vs 31.8%, female were 61.4% vs 68.2%,

P

value = 0.6), respectively, with no statistically significant difference between both groups. Both groups were comparable regarding outer punctual diameter and length between the puncti before treatment. Outer punctal diameters were (EG1 228 ± 113 um, EG2 241 ± 115 um,

P

value = 0.5). Length between the puncti were (EG1 129 ± 73 um, EG2 137 ± 72 um,

P

value = 0.6). There was marked improvement of the outer punctual diameter (EG1 373 um ± 92 um, EG2 240 ± 109 um, (

P

value < 0.0001) and length between the puncti (EG1 217 ± 109 um, 136 ± 71 um (

P

value < 0.0002)) during the follow-up period. EG1 showed more improvement than EG2 when compared during the follow-up period. Conclusions. Topical combined antibiotic and steroid treatment was an effective method in treating cases of inflammatory punctual stenosis as found by monitoring of punctal parameter changes by AS-OCT. AS-OCT was found to be a useful method for evaluation of the lacrimal punctal parameters especially with different treatment modalities in epiphora cases.
Graphene Oxide/Fe3O4/Chitosan−Coated Nonwoven Polyester Fabric Extracted from Disposable Face Mask for Enhanced Efficiency of Organic Dye Adsorption
Authors: Tran Hoang V. , Hoang Nhan T. , Le Thu D. , Tran Luyen T. , Dang Hue T. M.
Published: January 2022

Owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, huge amounts of disposable face masks have been manufactured and used, and these discarded face masks have to be treated. In this study, we propose a simple approach for reusing the nonwoven polyester fabric (NWPF) from disposable face masks. In this approach, NWPF is utilized as a supporter for coating of a layer of graphene oxide/Fe3O4/chitosan (GFC) to form a GFC/NWPF adsorbent at room temperature via a simple spray coating method that does not require any solvent. The specific properties of GFC, NWPF, and the GFC/NWPF adsorbent were analysed via X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that the presence of NWPF enhanced the adsorption capacity of GFC towards organic dyes. At high concentrations of the organic dyes, the adsorption efficiency of the GFC/NWPF adsorbent to the dyes reached 100% within 24 h. The adsorption capacity ([Formula: see text]) of the GFC/NWPF adsorbent to methylene blue, methyl orange, Congo red, and moderacid red was 54.795, 87.489, 88.573, and 29.010 mg g−1, respectively, which were considerably higher than that of bulk GFC (39.308, 82.304, 52.910, and 21.249 mg g−1, respectively).
Interaction between TRPML1 and p62 in Regulating Autophagosome-Lysosome Fusion and Impeding Neuroaxonal Dystrophy in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhang Lu , Fang Yu , Cheng Xuan , Lian Yajun , Xu Hongliang
Published: January 2022

The loss of transient receptor potential mucolipin 1 (TRPML1), an endosomal and lysosomal Ca2+-releasing channel, has been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders. Mounting evidence have shown that TRPML1 could clear intraneuronal amyloid-β (Aβ), which triggers a hypothesis that TRPML1 activation may be beneficial for axonal transport in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this work, the functional roles of TRPML1 were studied in the APP/PS1 transgenic mice and Aβ1-42-stimulated hippocampal neurons HT22. We found that lentivirus-mediated overexpression of TRPML1 was shown to promote an accumulation of autolysosomes and increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) transportation to the nucleus, suggesting an axon-protective function. More importantly, we found that TRPML1 also increased p62 that interacted with dynein. Lentivirus-mediated knockdown of p62 or inhibition of dynein by ciliobrevin D stimulation was found to reduce autolysosome formation and nuclear accumulation of BDNF in HT22 cells with Aβ1-42 stimulation. Inhibition of p62 by XRK3F2 stimulation was observed to promote the death of hippocampal neurons of the APP/PS1 transgenic mice. TRPML1 recruited dynein by interacting with p62 to promote the autophagosome-lysosome fusion to mediate BDNF nuclear translocation to impede axon dystrophy in mice with Alzheimer-like phenotypes. In summary, these results demonstrate the presence of a TRPML1/p62/dynein regulatory network in AD, and activation of TRPML1 is required for axon protection to prevent neuroaxonal dystrophy.
Root Extract of a Micropropagated Prunus africana Medicinal Plant Induced Apoptosis in Human Prostate Cancer Cells (PC-3) via Caspase-3 Activation
Authors: Komakech Richard , Yim Nam-Hui , Shim Ki-Shuk , Jung Haiyoung , Byun Jae-Eun , Lee Jun , Okello Denis , Matsabisa Motlalepula Gilbert , Erhabor Joseph O. , Oyenihi Omolola , Omujal Francis , Agwaya Moses , Kim Yong-goo , Park Jeong Hwan , Kang Youngmin
Published: January 2022

Prostate cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths among men globally. Medicinal plants have been explored as alternative treatment options. Herein, we assessed the in vitro cytotoxic effects of 70% ethanolic root extracts of six-month-old micropropagated Prunus africana (PIR) on PC-3 prostate cancer cells as an alternative to the traditionally used P. africana stem-bark extract (PWS) treatment. In vitro assays on PC-3 cells included annexin-V and propidium iodide staining, DAPI staining, and caspase-3 activity analysis through western blotting. PC-3 cells were exposed to PWS and PIR at different concentrations, and dose-dependent antiprostate cancer effects were observed. PC-3 cell viability was determined using CCK-8 assay, which yielded IC50 values of 52.30 and 82.40 μg/mL for PWS and PIR, respectively. Annexin-V and PI staining showed dose-dependent apoptosis of PC-3 cells. Significant (

p
<
0.001

) percent of DAPI-stained apoptotic PC-3 cells were observed in PWS, PIR, and doxorubicin treatment compared with the negative control. PWS treatment substantially elevated cleaved caspase-3 levels in PC-3 cells compared with the PIR treatment. These results provide evidence for the antiprostate cancer potential of PIR and sets a basis for further research to enhance future utilization of roots of young micropropagated P. africana for prostate cancer treatment as an alternative to stem bark. Moreover, micropropagation approach may help provide the required raw materials and hence reduce the demand for P. africana from endangered wild population.
Solidified Reverse Micellar Solution‐ (SRMS‐) Based Microparticles for Enhanced Oral Bioavailability and Systemic Antifungal Efficacy of Miconazole Nitrate in Immunocompromised Mice
Authors: Uronnachi Emmanuel Maduabuchi , Attama Anthony , Kenechukwu Franklin , Umeyor Chukwuebuka , Gugu Thaddeus , Nwakile Calistus , Ikeotuonye Chidalu
Published: January 2022

Purpose. To assess the improvement in oral bioavailability and efficacy in systemic candidiasis treatment of miconazole nitrate (MN) formulations in murine models of candidiasis. Methods. Selected formulations containing 5% of Softisan + Phospholipon 90H lipid matrix with 3% of MN (A1), 5% of stearic acid + Phospholipon 90H lipid matrix with 3% of MN (B1), and 5% Softisan + stearic acid + Phospholipon 90H with 3% of MN (C1) from the in vitro investigation were used for the study. Their acute toxicity was assessed using Lorke’s method (with slight modification) while bioavailability was determined using the bioassay method. The optimized batch (A1) was tested in murine systemic candidiasis induced in cyclophosphamide‐immunosuppressed mice. The mice were treated with a single oral dose (100 mg/kg) of the formulations for five days. Serum fungal counts (cfu/mL) were determined on days 1, 3, and 5 of the treatment period. Haematological assessments were done. Results. The lipid formulations were safer than MN powder with LD50 values of 3162.8 and 1118.3 mg/kg. Bioavailability determination revealed a higher area under the curve (AUC) value for formulations A1 (6.11 μg/hr/mL) and B1 (4.91 μg/hr/mL) while formulation C1 (1.80 μg/hr/mL) had a lower AUC than MN (4.46 μg/hr/mL). Fungi were completely cleared from the blood of animals treated with the optimized formulation by day 3 as opposed to the controls (MN and Tween® 20) which still had fungi on day 5. No significant increase (p > 0.05) in haematological parameters was observed in mice treated with A1. Conclusion. Formulation A1 successfully cleared Candida albicans from the blood within a shorter period than miconazole powder. This research has shown the potential of orally administered MN‐loaded SRMS‐based microparticles in combating systemic candidaemia.
Internet-Based Approaches to Designing an Online Fitness Platform
Authors: Liu Bo
Published: January 2022

In recent years, national fitness has become a hot topic. How to take healthy and effective exercise on a daily basis is an urgent problem to be tackled. Web-based platforms are accessible through cellphones, which include fitness records, teaching videos, and result feedback. These three aspects assist users in completing their initial evaluation, which further contributes to health improvement. Additionally, enhancement in the well-being of individuals is carried through video recommendations. In order to proceed fitness related videos suggestions, this platform uses a collaborative filtering algorithm, which is based on videos recommendation. To receive suggestions, this methodology acquires five queries to be completely addressed at the preliminary stage. This initial assessment is commonly known as a cold-start evaluation strategy. Furthermore, popularity punishment measures are incorporated to enhance productivity. Finally, this platform offers an online-based approach for the inspection, assessment of the national fitness, and orientation for the future improvement of the fitness database.
A Modified Whale Optimization Algorithm and Its Application in Seismic Inversion Problem
Authors: Liang Xiaodan , Xu Siwen , Liu Yang , Sun Liling
Published: January 2022

The whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is a popular swarm intelligence algorithm which simulates the hunting behavior of humpback whales. WOA has the deficiency of easily falling into the local optimal solutions. In order to overcome the weakness of the WOA, a modified variant of WOA called OCDWOA is proposed. There are four main operators introduced into the OCDWOA to enhance the search performance of WOA. The operators include opposition-based learning method, nonlinear parameter design, density peak clustering strategy, and differential evolution. The proposed algorithm is tested on 19 optimization benchmark functions and a seismic inversion problem. OCDWOA is compared with the classical WOA and three typical variants of WOA. The results demonstrate that OCDWOA outperforms the compared algorithms in terms of obtaining the global optimal solution.
A Comprehensive Insight on Adsorption of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Pharmaceuticals, and Chemical Dyes in Wastewaters Using Biowaste Carbonaceous Adsorbents
Authors: Khurshid Hifsa , Mustafa Muhammad Raza Ul , Isa Mohamed Hasnain
Published: January 2022

Recent trends in adsorption of hazardous organic pollutants including Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Pharmaceuticals, and Chemical Dyes in wastewater using carbonaceous materials such as activated carbon (AC) and biochar (BC) have been discussed in this paper. Utilization of biomass waste in the preparation of AC and BC has gained a lot of attention recently. This review outlines the techniques used for preparation, modification, characterization, and application of the above-mentioned materials in batch studies. The approaches towards understanding the adsorption mechanisms have also been discussed. It is observed that in the majority of the studies, high removal efficiencies were reported using biowaste adsorbents. Regarding the full potential of adsorption, varying values were obtained that are strongly influenced by the adsorbent preparation technique and adsorption method. In addition, most of the studies were concentrated on the kinetic, isotherm equilibrium, and thermodynamic aspects of adsorption, suggesting the dominant isotherm and kinetic models as Langmuir or Freundlich and pseudo-second-order models. Due to development in biosorbents, adsorption has been found to be increasingly economical. However, application of these adsorbents at commercial scale has not been adequately investigated and needs to be studied. Most of the studies have been conducted on synthetic solutions that do not completely represent the discharged effluents. This also needs attention in future studies.
Gallbladder Cancer Cell-Derived Exosome-Mediated Transfer of Leptin Promotes Cell Invasion and Migration by Modulating STAT3-Mediated M2 Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Zhao Songling , Liu Yunxia , He Linhai , Li Yuehua , Lin Ke , Kang Qiang , Liu Lixin , Zou Hao
Published: January 2022

Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) is a major component of tumor microenvironment (TME) and plays critical role in the progression of cancer metastasis. However, TAM-mediated regulation in gallbladder cancer (GBC) has not been fully characterized. Here, we found that exosomes derived from GBC cell polarized macrophage to M2 phenotype, which then facilitated the invasion and migration of GBC cells. We discovered that leptin was enriched in GBC cell-derived exosomes. Exosomal leptin levels promoted invasion and migration of GBC-SD cells. The inhibition of leptin not only attenuated M2 macrophage of polarization but also inhibited the invasive and migratory ability of GBC cell. In addition, GBC-SD cell-derived exosomal leptin induced M2 polarization of macrophage via activation of STAT3 signal pathway. Taken together, our results suggested that GBC cells secrete exosome-enclosed leptin facilitated cell invasion and migration via polarizing TAM.
HotspotESR1Mutations Are Multimodal and Contextual Modulators of Breast Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Li Zheqi , Wu Yang , Yates Megan E. , Tasdemir Nilgun , Bahreini Amir , Chen Jian , Levine Kevin M. , Priedigkeit Nolan M. , Nasrazadani Azadeh , Ali Simak , Buluwela Laki , Arnesen Spencer , Gertz Jason , Richer Jennifer K. , Troness Benjamin , El-Ashry Dorraya , Zhang Qiang , Gerratana Lorenzo , Zhang Youbin , Cristofanilli Massimo , Montanez Maritza A. , Sundd Prithu , Wallace Callen T. , Watkins Simon C. , Fumagalli Caterina , Guerini-Rocco Elena , Zhu Li , Tseng George C. , Wagle Nikhil , Carroll Jason S. , Jank Paul , Denkert Carsten , Karsten Maria M. , Blohmer Jens-Uwe , Park Ben H. , Lucas Peter C. , Atkinson Jennifer M. , Lee Adrian V. , Oesterreich Steffi
Published: January 2022

Constitutively active estrogen receptor α (ER/ESR1) mutations have been identified in approximately one-third of ER+ metastatic breast cancers. Although these mutations are known as mediators of endocrine resistance, their potential role in promoting metastatic disease has not yet been mechanistically addressed. In this study, we show the presence of ESR1 mutations exclusively in distant but not local recurrences in five independent breast cancer cohorts. In concordance with transcriptomic profiling of ESR1-mutant tumors, genome-edited ESR1 Y537S and D538G-mutant cell models exhibited a reprogrammed cell adhesive gene network via alterations in desmosome/gap junction genes and the TIMP3/MMP axis, which functionally conferred enhanced cell–cell contacts while decreasing cell-extracellular matrix adhesion. In vivo studies showed ESR1-mutant cells were associated with larger multicellular circulating tumor cell (CTC) clusters with increased compactness compared with ESR1 wild-type CTCs. These preclinical findings translated to clinical observations, where CTC clusters were enriched in patients with ESR1-mutated metastatic breast cancer. Conversely, context-dependent migratory phenotypes revealed cotargeting of Wnt and ER as a vulnerability in a D538G cell model. Mechanistically, mutant ESR1 exhibited noncanonical regulation of several metastatic pathways, including secondary transcriptional regulation and de novo FOXA1-driven chromatin remodeling. Collectively, these data provide evidence for ESR1 mutation–modulated metastasis and suggest future therapeutic strategies for targeting ESR1-mutant breast cancer.

Significance:

Context- and allele-dependent transcriptome and cistrome reprogramming in mutant ESR1 cell models elicit diverse metastatic phenotypes related to cell adhesion and migration, which can be pharmacologically targeted in metastatic breast cancer.