bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obtaining granular adsorbents based on biopolymers and clay minerals
Authors: Fomenko Olha , Makovetskyi Oleksandr , Bondarieva Antonina , Tobilko Viktoriia , Yu Junjie
Published: September 2024

The development of granular, low-cost adsorbents represents an important environmental challenge. Natural clay minerals show promise in this area, as they exhibit adsorption capacity a range of pollutants. Nevertheless, the high dispersion of aluminosilicates limits their widespread use. To enhance the processability of these materials, they are subjected to granulation using natural biopolymers, such as sodium alginates. Concurrently, the adsorption capacity of the granules can be increased by the application of modifiers to the surface of natural silicates, in particular iron oxyhydroxides, which are efficacious in the removal of heavy metals from water. The aim of this study is to obtain granular adsorbents based on saponite and biopolymer that are stable in water and capable of removing heavy metal ions from the water environment. The rheological behavior of the suspensions was investigated in order to ascertain the optimal conditions for high-quality granulation. The phase composition of the modified saponite was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The structural-sorption characteristics of the samples were investigated using the method of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption, and their thermal properties were studied by differential thermal and thermal gravimetric analyses. The present study demonstrates that the viscosity of saponite and sodium alginate-based suspensions with varying mass ratios is dependent on the clay mineral content of the mixture, at a fixed polymer quantity. The conditions for granulation were determined, and it was established that the stability of the granules in the aqueous medium is influenced by the quantity of sodium alginate incorporated into the mixture. It was established that the specific surface area of the modified sample decreases during the granulation process. This value is 109 m2/g, which is less than the 173 m2/g that observed for the powdered adsorbent. The processes and phase transformations occurring in granular materials during heating were studied. As a result of the study of the rheological characteristics of suspensions based on saponite and sodium alginate, it was found that these systems are thixotropic. It was also discovered that the stability of the granules in an aqueous medium is significantly affected by the amount of sodium alginate added to the suspension. The potential applications of the obtained adsorbents in the purification of water from heavy metal ion contamination are shown.
Hubungan Pembelajaran Daring Selama Pandemi COVID-19 Terhadap Tingkat Stres Mahasiswa Keperawatan Universitas Tanjungpura
Authors: Anggraini Dea , Herman Herman , Righo Argitya
Published: September 2024

Latar Belakang: Pembelajaran jarak jauh meninggalkan catatan serius seperti masalah psikologis mahasiswa yang menunjukkan tingkat kecemasan, stres dan depresi yang jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan mahasiswa pada masa normal. Terdapat hal yang menjadi masalah bagi mahasiswa dalam implementasi pembelajaran secara daring seperti pemahaman penggunaan teknologi yang masih minim, jaringan yang tidak stabil, besarnya biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk proses pembelajaran, dan stress yang dialami mahasiswa.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan pembelajaran jarak jauh selama pandemi covid-19 terhadap tingkat stres mahasiswa keperawatan Universitas Tanjungpura.
Metode: Menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan populasi 153 responden.
Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan semester 2 memiliki tingkat stress sedang sebanyak 35 dari 62 (40.5%) mahasiswa. Responden yang berumur 19 tahun memiliki tingkat stress sedang sebanyak 30 dari 58 (37,9%). Angkatan 2021 memiliki tingkat stress berat sebanyak 35 dari 64 (41,8%). Mahasiswa berjenis kelamin perempuan memiliki tingkat stress sedang lebih tinggi dari pada laki-laki sebanyak 78 dari 127 (83,0%) mahasiswa perempuan. Hasil didapatkan bahwa nilai sighnifikan untuk hubungan antara kedua variabel adalah 0.044 yang artinya p.
Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan sangat kuat pembelajaran daring pada masa pandemi covid-19 terhadap tingkat stress mahasiswa Keperawatan Universitas Tanjungpura.
 
Kata Kunci: Pandemi Covid-19, Pembelajaran Daring, Tingkat Stress
Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Risiko Terjadinya Sindroma Metabolik Pada Pegawai Kantor PT. PLN Unit Pelaksana Pelayanan Pelanggan (UP3) Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Al-Ghozi Yasfi Suryalfihro Al-Ghozi , Sukarno Rizky Triutami , Nugraha Zainuri Sabta , Pramaningtyas Miranti Dewi
Published: September 2024

Latar Belakang: Sindrom Metabolik (SM) dan kurang aktivitas fisik memiliki prevalensi cukup tinggi di Indonesia, termasuk di wilayah perkantoran Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). SM merupakan sekelompok gangguan metabolisme, sedangkan kurang aktivitas fisik merupakan kondisi seseorang kurang melakukan aktivitas fisik. Kondisi kurangnya aktivitas fisik dapat berisiko untuk terjadinya sindrom metabolik. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Risiko Terjadinya Sindroma Metabolik pada Pegawai Kantor PT. PLN Unit Pelaksana Pelayanan Pelanggan (UP3) Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling dengan perhitungan uji hipotesis dua proporsi didapatkan sebanyak 49 sampel untuk desain penelitian cross sectional. Pengambilan data didapatkan dari Medical Check up dan pengisian kuisioner Bouchard di Unit Pelaksana Pelayanan Pelanggan (UP3) PLN Yogyakarta. Hasil: Hasil uji chi-square untuk variabel aktivitas fisik menunjukkan nilai p-value sebesar 0,915, yang berarti bahwa p>0,05. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan pada variabel aktivitas fisik. Namun didapatkan pada variabel jenis kelamin nilai p-value sebesar 0,000 yang artinya p<0,05 sehingga hasil signifikan. Sebaliknya, pada variabel umur, nilai p-value sebesar 0,136, yang berarti p>0,05, mengindikasikan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan pada variabel umur.
Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tingkat aktivitas fisik dengan risiko terjadinya sindrom metabolik pada Pegawai Kantor PT. PLN Unit Pelaksana Pelayanan Pelanggan (UP3) Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.
Komparasi Media Kultur Bakteri Pemeriksaan Angka Kuman Ruang Pada Metode Settle Plate
Authors: Muhammad Afivudien , Widayati Sri
Published: September 2024

Latar Belakang: Kualitas udara yang baik dan bersih dalam suatu ruangan yaitu sebagai udara yang bebas dari bahan pencemar penyebab ketidaknyamanan dan terganggunya kesehatan bagi orang yang berada dalam ruangan. Pengukuran mikroorganisme dalam udara ini ada dua cara yaitu metode pasif dan metode aktif, salah satu metode pasif ini adalah settle plate , prinsip kerjanya  suatu wadah  ( cawan petri ) dengan ukuran tertentu yang didalamnya ada media pertumbuhan yang steril dan dibuka dengan waktu tertentu untuk mengumpulkan deposit partikel partikel yang tumbuh di udara
 Tujuan: Mengetahui media pertumbuhan bakteri yang terbaik digunakan untuk pemeriksaan angkan kuman ruang pada metode settle plate
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik dengan membandingkan ketiga media kultur bakteri dalam menumbuhkan bakteri yang berada di udara pada ruangan. Penghitungan  pertumbuhan  yang terbentuk  diukur menggunakan alat automatic coloni counter scan 500
Hasil: Hasilnya yaitu media TSA merupakan media yang paling banyak menangkap bakteri  dalam pengujian angka kuman ruang dengan metode settle plate. Hal ini ditunjukan dengan rerata hasil percobaan yang dilakukan dengan 10 kali percobaan diperoleh data pada media NA reratanya 11,7 %, media PCA reratanya 10,9 % dan pada media TSA reratanya 17 %.
Simpulan: Pada pemeriksaan angka kuman ruang dengan metode settle plate media yang sering digunankan yaitu   media TSA, media NA dan media PCA. Dari ketiga media tersebut yang paling banyak  dalam menangkap bakteri adalah media TSA
Modification of Screen Printed Carbon Electrode-Gold Nanoparticles (SPCE-AuNPs) for Detection of Mercury in Cosmetics
Authors:   Universitas Islam Indonesia, Aini Azizah Nurul , wahidah Nurul , A. Putriana Dwi , Nurmarlina Dewi , R. Syafira Elfa , Riyanto Riyanto
Published: September 2024

The cosmetics industry in Indonesia has experienced a significant increase of 12.6% from 2022 to June 2023, with 1025 industries having a positive impact on the Indonesian economy. Apart from that, it has triggered a number of naughty manufacturers to use dangerous chemicals in their cosmetic products such as mercury (Hg). Therefore, it is important to develop a fast and sensitive method for detecting mercury in cosmetics using SPCE-AuNPs. This research was carried out by synthesizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using the reducing agent sodium citrate (Na3H5C6O7) with varying concentrations and characterization of several chemical instruments. Furthermore, SPCE was modified by AuNPs, its performance and application were tested to detect mercury in cosmetic cream using cyclic voltammetry (CV). SPCE-AuNPs provides an electrochemical response with higher oxidation and reduction peaks than bare SPCE with an oxidation peak at a potential of 0.1 V to 0.3 V and a reduction peak at -0.05 V to 0.05 V at a scan rate of 0.01 V/s to 0.03 V/s. This shows a good electrochemical response so it can be used for application to detection of mercury in cosmetic samples. The SPCE modified using AuNPs can potentially be used as a sensor for mercury detection in cosmetics.
Evaluability assessment of drug prevention programs
Authors: LeCroy Craig W. , Ignacio Matt
Published: September 2024

Evaluability assessments are being used by organizations more frequently to improve the effective outcomes of programs. This study presents a model for examining the evaluability of 11 community-based drug misuse prevention programs funded by a state government office. This paper aims to provide further understanding and an overview of the application of evaluability assessment. It demonstrates the use of The Five-Tiered Approach to Evaluation as a conceptual framework to assess the preparedness of these programs for outcome evaluation and pinpoint areas that require additional development prior to outcome evaluation. The research focuses on the adoption of an evaluation methodology for use by a government agency to assist in drug prevention programs as they move toward outcome evaluation. The results found six programs ready for outcome evaluation, notwithstanding the wide range in program readiness revealed by the findings. The absence of clear, quantifiable goals, insufficient capacity for data gathering, and poor community engagement are among the main barriers to beginning an outcome evaluation. To enhance assessment efforts, recommendations include educating program personnel on how to set reasonable goals, enhancing data gathering techniques, and cultivating community connections. This study emphasizes how crucial evaluability assessment is.
Pursuit of common grounds across deep divides
Authors: Halbreich Uriel
Published: September 2024

Conflicts in various international regions underscore controversies and divisions in the United States and Europe, especially when images of destruction penetrate homes through mass media. They disrupt attention from localized and culturally sensitive ongoing issues of well-being. Domestic, natural, and man-made disasters profoundly impact physical and mental health of communities and individuals. Often opposing conflicting interests and predetermined bias overshadow the discourse. However, in many cases, emphasis on common grounds and similarities would facilitate the pursuit of coordinated preventative, immediate, and aftermath mental health interventions that are essential.
Understanding the Application of Emulsion System for Bacterial Encapsulation and Temperature-Modulated Release
Authors: Mohd Isa Nur Suaidah , El Kadri Hani , Vigolo Daniele , Mohamed Zakhari Nur Farra Adlina , Gkatzionis Konstantinos
Published: September 2024

The encapsulation of bacteria in emulsion droplets offer various advantages over other conventional methods of encapsulation such as improvement in bacterial viability and may served as microenvironments for bacterial growth. Nevertheless, changes in temperature may affect bacterial viability and droplet stability. In this study, the encapsulation of bacteria in single water-in-oil (W/O) and double water-in-oil-in-water (W1/O/W2) emulsions was investigated under cold storage with a study on temperature-modulated release. The microencapsulation of bacteria in emulsion droplets was achieved by using a flow-focusing microfluidic device. Droplets stability was determined by measuring changes in droplets size and creaming behaviour at different temperatures. Thermal properties of the samples were determined by using differential scanning calorimetry while the release of bacteria with change in temperature was determined by measuring colony form unit (CFU) of the released bacteria and fluorescence microscopy. Higher bacterial viability was observed for encapsulated samples as compared to free cells indicating the ability of emulsion system in improving the bacterial viability during cold temperature storage. Crystallization temperature was lowered in the presence of bacteria, but the melting temperature was similar with or without bacteria. Storage in freezing temperatures of -20°C and -80°C leads to an extensive droplet destabilization with immediate release of encapsulated bacteria upon thawing in which temperature modulated release of encapsulated bacteria was achieved. This study provides an overview of the potential application of emulsion droplets for encapsulation and controlled release that is beneficial for various applications such as food and pharmaceuticals.
Detection and Estimation of Diffuse Signal Components Using the Periodogram
Authors: Selva Jesus
Published: September 2024

A basic limitation of the periodogram as frequency estimator is that any of its significant peaks may be produced by a diffuse (or spread) frequency component instead of a pure one. Diffuse components are common in applications such as channel estimation in which a given periodogram peak reveals the presence of a complex multipath distribution (unresolvable propagation paths or diffuse scattering, for example). We present a method to detect the presence of a diffuse component in a given peak based on analyzing the projection of the data vector onto the span of the signature’s derivatives up to a given order. Fundamentally, a diffuse component is detected if the energy in the derivatives’ subspace is too high at the peak’s frequency, and its spread is estimated as the ratio between this last energy and the peak’s energy. The method is based on exploiting the signature’s Vandermonde structure through the properties of discrete Chebyshev polynomials. We also present an efficient numerical procedure for computing the data component in the derivatives’ span based on barycentric interpolation. The paper contains a numerical assessment of the proposed estimator and detector.
Study on CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery and Storage in Near-depleted Edge-bottom Water Reservoirs
Authors: Xu Jianchun , Wan Hai , Wu Yizhi , Liu Shuyang , Yan Bicheng
Published: September 2024

Geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) is a crucial technology for mitigating global temperature rise. Near-depleted edge-bottom water reservoirs are attractive targets for CO2 storage, as they can not only enhance oil recovery (EOR) but also provide important potential candidates for geological storage. This study investigated CO2 enhanced oil recovery and storage for a typical near-depleted edge-bottom water reservoir that had been developed for a long time with a recovery factor of 51.93%. To improve the oil recovery and CO2 storage, new production scenarios are explored. At the near-depleted stage, by comparing the four different scenarios of water injection, gas injection, water alternating gas injection, and bi-directional injection, the highest additional recovery of 8.64% is achieved by the bi-directional injection scenario. Increasing the injection pressure leads to a higher gas-oil ratio and liquid production rate. After shifting from the near-depleted to depleted stage, the most effective approach to improve CO2 storage capacity is to increase reservoir pressure. At 1.4 times the initial reservoir pressure, the maximum storage capacity is 6.52×108 m3. However, excessive pressures boosting poses potential storage and leakage risks. Therefore, lower injection rates and longer intermittent injections are expected to achieve a larger amount of long-term CO2 storage. Through the numerical simulation study, a gas injection rate of 80,000 m3/day and a schedule of 4-6 years injection with 1 year shut-in was shown to be effective for the case considered. During 31 years of CO2 injection, the percentage dissolved CO2 increased from 5.46% to 6.23% during the near-depleted period, and to 7.76% during the depleted period. This study acts as a guide for the CO2 geological storage of typical near-depleted edge-bottom water reservoirs.
Energy Availability and Body Composition in Elite Athletes: Two Sides of the Same Coin
Authors: Palazzo Roberto , Parisi Tommaso , Rosa Sara , Corsi Marco , Falconi Edoardo , Stefani Laura
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: Energy availability (EA) is essential for maintaining physiological func-tions, significantly influencing athletes' health and performance. Nutritional behaviours, how-ever, vary across sports. This study aims to assess EA levels in athletes from different disciplines, focusing on the relationship between EA and body composition in endurance athletes compared to rugby players. Methods: The study involved 18 endurance athletes (15 men, 3 women) and 36 rugby players (all men). Data were gathered through interviews, questionnaires, and bioim-pedance analysis. Energy intake (EI) was measured with a 24-hour dietary recall, and exercise energy expenditure (EEE) was calculated using the IPAQ questionnaire. EA was calculated as EA = (EI - EEE) / fat-free mass (FFM), with results categorized into clinical, subclinical, and optimal ranges. Results: The endurance group had a lower average FFM (57.81 kg) compared to the rugby players (67.61 kg). EA was also significantly lower in endurance athletes (11.72 kcal/kg FFM) than in rugby players (35.44 kcal/kg FFM). Endurance athletes showed more restrictive nutritional behaviour with lower EI and higher EEE, but both groups maintained body composition within normal ranges. Conclusions: Endurance athletes exhibit greater nutritional restrictions compared to rugby players, though their body composition remains healthy. Further research is required to investigate the long-term effects of low EA on performance, injury risk, and potential impairment when EA falls below the optimal threshold of 45 kcal/kg FFM/day.
Real and Virtual Lecture Rooms: Validation of a Virtual Reality System for the Perceptual Assessment of Room Acoustical Quality
Authors: Guastamacchia Angela , Rosso Riccardo Giovanni , Puglisi Giuseppina Emma , Riente Fabrizio , Shtrepi Louena , Astolfi Arianna
Published: September 2024

Enhancing the acoustical quality in learning environments is mandatory, especially for Hearing Aids (HAs) users. When in-field evaluations cannot be performed, Virtual Reality (VR) can be adopted for the acoustical quality assessment of existing and new buildings, contributing to the acquisition of subjective impressions in lab settings. To ensure an accurate spatial reproduction of the sound field in VR also for HAs users, multispeaker-based systems can be employed to auralize a given environment. However, most systems are effortful due to costs, size and construction. This work deals with the validation of a VR-system based on a 16-speaker-array synced with a VR-headset, arranged to be easily replicated in small non-anechoic spaces and suitable for HAs users. Both objective and subjective validations are performed against a real university lecture room of 800 m3 and with 2.3 s of Reverberation Time at mid-frequencies. Comparisons of binaural and monoaural room acoustic parameters are performed between measurements in the real lecture room and its lab reproduction. To validate the AudioVisual experience, 32 normal-hearing subjects were administered the Igroup Presence Questionnaire (IPQ) on the overall sense of perceived presence. The outcomes confirm that the system is a promising and feasible tool to predict the perceived room acoustical quality.
Relationship between Swallowing Function and Serum Albumin Levels in Japanese Older People Aged ≥ 75 Years
Authors: Iwai Komei , Azuma Tetsuji , Yonenaga Takatoshi , Sasai Yasuyuki , Komatsu Yoshinari , Tabata Koichiro , Nomura Taketsugu , Sugiura Iwane , Inagawa Yujo , Matsumoto Yusuke , Nakashima Seiji , Abe Yoshikazu , Tomofuji Takaaki
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between swallowing function and serum albumin levels in Japanese older people (age ≥ 75 years). Methods: A total of 3258 participants (1325 males, 1933 females; mean age, 80.8 years) who had a dental checkup in Gifu City, Japan, between April 2020 and March 2021 were recruited. Swallowing function was assessed using the repetitive saliva swallow test, with poor swallowing function defined as swallowing fewer than three times in 30 seconds. A serum albumin level < 3.6 G/dL was considered low. Results: In total, 78 participants (2%) had a low serum albumin level. These participants were significantly more likely to be older (p < 0.001), male (p = 0.030), to have circulatory disease (p < 0.001), support/care-need certification (p < 0.001), poor tongue and lip function (p < 0.001), poor swallowing function (p < 0.001), and number of present teeth ≥ 20 teeth (p = 0.001). Furthermore, after adjusting for age, gender, circulatory disease, support/care-need certification, number of present teeth, tongue and lip function, and swallowing function, a low serum albumin level was positively associated with older (odds ratio [OR]: 1.115; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.064–1.169), male (OR: 2.208; 95% CI: 1.360–3.584), circulatory disease (OR: 1.829; 95% CI: 1.079–3.099), support/care-need certification (OR: 2.087; 95% CI: 1.208–3.606), and poor swallowing function (OR: 2.379; CI: 1.377–4.112). Conclusions: These results suggest a positive relationship between poor swallowing function and low serum albumin levels in Japanese older people.
Oxidation Behavior and Creep Resistance at 1100°C of Cast MC-Strengthened CoNiFeMnCr HEAs
Authors: Berthod Patrice , Aranda Lionel
Published: September 2024

To explore cast HEAs reinforcement by MC carbides three equimolar CoNiFeCrC alloys without or with Carbon and either hafnium or tantalum were investigated. Their microstructures were specified and tests at 1100°C in oxidation by air and flexural creep tests were carried out. The HEAbase was single–phased. The HEAhfc and HEAtac contained eutectic script HfC and TaC carbides respectively, in the interdendritic spaces. After oxidation for 50h at 1100°C all alloys were covered by a (Cr,Mn)2O3 scale with various proportions in Cr and Mn. HfO2 or CrTaO4 also formed. The subsurface was depleted in Cr and especially in Mn. The HEAbase alloy deformed quickly. The MC carbides greatly improved the creep resistance, and divided deformation by five to ten times.
CF Screening Efficacy and Seasonal Variation in California: 15-Year Comparison of IRT Cutoffs Versus Daily Percentile for First-Tier Testing
Authors: Sciortino Stanley , Graham Steve , Bishop Tracey , Matteson Jamie , Carter Sarah , Wu Cindy H. , Sharma Rajesh
Published: September 2024

The California Genetic Disease Screening Program (GDSP) employs a fixed immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) cutoff followed by molecular testing to screen newborns for Cystic Fibrosis (CF). The cutoffs approximate a 1.6% yearly IRT screen positive rate, however seasonal variation in IRT population means led us to develop a model to establish fixed IRT cutoffs that anticipate seasonal variation and minimize missed cases below cutoff. We utilized an ARIMA model to fit monthly IRT screen-positive percentiles and estimated regular seasonal expectations. We established a retrospective cohort followed for at least 1.5 years to capture missed false negative CF cases. We compared missed CF cases identified by seasonal cutoffs vs floating cutoffs. GDSP screened 7,410,016 newborns, from July 2007 to Dec. 2022, and missed 36 CF cases below the fixed cutoff; five of the 36 were within 3 ng/mL below the cutoff. There was a regular, seasonal cycle that varied from 1.4% in summer to 1.8% in winter. We would have missed 59 CF cases using a 1.6% daily floating cutoff. California would need to use a 4% daily floating cutoff to improve our current detection rate which would double the number of specimens sent for costly molecular analysis.
Psychometric Assessment of the Communication Skills Scale among Peruvian Nurses and Exploration of Its Association with Job Insecurity
Authors: Samillán Yncio Gabriela , Zeladita-Huaman Jhon Alex , Franco-Chalco Eduardo , Zegarra-Chapoñan Roberto , Montes-Iturrizaga Iván , Rivera-Medrano Zulma Jeanette
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Communication Skills Scale (CSS) among Peruvian nurses and its association with job insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic. We explored five models of confirmatory factor analysis for the CSS and its four subscales and assessed the convergent validity and criterion validity of the scale by analyzing its connection with job insecurity through stepwise multiple regression. We used insights from a focus group for the cultural adaptation of the scale. In the psychometric phase, 225 nurses participated through a virtual survey. The psychometric analysis revealed that the CSS and its subscales have a robust internal structure—similar to the original questionnaire—and are optimally reliable in the Peruvian population. Furthermore, the results show that job insecurity was associated with contract type, communication skills, empathy, and job satisfaction. The CSS and its subscales are valid and reliable to be applied to Peruvian nurses. Initiatives should be undertaken to strengthen communication skills and increase job satisfaction among nursing professionals by improving their working conditions, especially in times of crisis, to reduce job insecurity and promote well-being.
Low-Cost Open-Source Melt Flow Index System for Distributed Recycling and Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Liu Dawei , Basdeo Aditi , Gonzalez Catalina Suescun , Romani Alessia , Boudaoud Hakim , Nouvel Cécile , Cruz Sanchez Fabio A. , Pearce Joshua M.
Published: September 2024

The increasing adoption of distributed recycling via additive manufacturing (DRAM) has facilitated the revalorization of materials derived from waste streams for additive manufacturing. Recycled materials frequently contain impurities and mixed polymers, which can degrade their properties over multiple cycles. This degradation, particularly in rheological properties, limits their applicability in 3D printing. Consequently, there is a critical need for a tool that enables rapid assessment of the flowability of these recycled materials. This study presents the design, development, and manufacturing of an open-source melt flow index (MFI) apparatus. The proposed MFI tool offers a user-friendly and cost-effective solution for evaluating the flow properties of materials from waste streams, thereby enhancing their viability for additive manufacturing applications.
Utilization of Central Composite Design for the Production of Hydrogel Blends for 3D Printing
Authors: Araujo Thalita Fonseca , Silva Luciano Paulino
Published: September 2024

Central composite design (CCD) is a methodology that utilizes experimental conditions based on the combination of variable points to be studied. This study aimed to select a hydrogel from the combinations provided by CCD for 3D bioprinting applications. Three biopolymers were chosen: sodium alginate (SA), gelatin (GEL), and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and their maximum and minimum concentrations were defined. After CCD provided the suggested combinations, the hydrogels were mixed and analyzed for their swelling degree (SD) in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM), and printability was assessed in 2D and 3D assays. The hydrogel with the concentrations of 7.5%, 7.5%, and 2.5% for SA, GEL, and CMC, respectively, was chosen for presenting the highest SD in both fluids and good printability parameters in manual and 3D printer-based extrusion. This study demonstrated the potential utilization of Design of Experiments (DoE) methodologies to assist the development of hydrogels for 3D bioprinting purposes.
Overview: Results of Snow and Ice Disaster Mitigation Conducted by the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience
Authors: Yamaguchi Satoru , Nemoto Masaki , Tanabe Takahiro , Sunako Sojiro , Adachi Satoru , Sato Kengo , Yamashita Katsuya , Hirashima Hiroyuki , Ito Yoichi , Motoyoshi Hiroki , Arakawa Hayato , Namakura Kazuki , Nakai Sento , Kamiishi Isao , Togashi Kazuma , Kosugi Kenji
Published: September 2024

More than half of Japan’s land area experiences significant snowfall during winter, and the damage caused by various snow and ice disasters remains a dire issue, which also leads to decreased living standards. Simultaneously, the nature of snow and ice disasters has been transformed due to climate change and the increasing occurrence of extreme weather conditions. The National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED) has been continuously conducting research to address these problems in relation to snow and ice disasters. This study presents the results of the project “Research on Combining Risk Monitoring and Forecasting Technologies for Mitigation of Increasingly Diverse Snow Disaster” conducted by the NIED over a seven-year period from April 2016 to March 2023. This project developed technology for conducting accurate observations of snowfall and snow cover conditions over wide areas as well as technology for areal prediction of snow and ice disasters through simulations. Based on collaboration with stakeholders, such as local governments, our study investigated how to optimize the use of our information products for snow and ice disaster mitigation. Through these insights, the NIED provides information for prompt and appropriate responses to snow and ice disasters, thus supporting safe and comfortable living in both snowy and non-snowy areas.
Proposal of an Effective Way of Rescuing People from a Cable Car
Authors: Betuš Miroslav , Konček Martin , Šofranko Marian , Wittenberger Gabriel , Čambál Jozef
Published: September 2024

This study presents a proposal for procedures and recommendations for the evacuation of people from cable cars. The proposals and procedures were carried out in a specific facility located in the east of Slovakia. Cable cars represent a certain risk of endangering the lives and health of people. This threat can be caused by technical failures, meteorological conditions, or human factors. Despite the existing safety measures, which are at a high level today, extraordinary events occur on cable cars that require the intervention of the integrated rescue system. The rescue services themselves have their own specific rescue procedures and equipment for rescuing people from heights, and in this paper the most frequently used rescue procedures and methods performed by members of the Fire and Rescue Service will be presented. This paper summarizes individual rescue actions, activities, and technical equipment used in rescuing people from cable cars, as well as an analysis of individual rescue and evacuation techniques from the Skipark Erika cable car. The result of the contribution is a proposal for coordination and an evaluation of the best and most suitable method of rescue in terms of time and safety.
Delayed Unions or Nonunions of the Distal Femur
Authors: Rodriguez-Baron Elsa B. , Gawad Hosaam , Attum Basem , Obremskey William T.
Published: September 2024

➢ The failure rate of treatment of nonunions of the distal femur with internal fixation and autologous bone grafting remains high at 20% to 30%.

➢ Successful treatment of nonunions of the distal femur requires good mechanical stability combined with autologous bone graft. This may require dual-plate fixation or intramedullary nail-plate combinations.

➢ Autologous bone graft remains the bone graft of choice. Bone-graft substitutes and biologics require further research.
Zakat and Waqf Model in Reducing Poverty among Vulnerable Groups During the Pandemic in Nigeria
Authors: Muhammad Adamu Abubakar , Fajri Mohammad Zen Nasrudin , Idriss Ibrahim Dahiru , Wani Athar Shahbaz
Published: September 2024

The crisis of COVID-19 pandemic has already crushed and affected almost everyone in the world. In terms of economy, the vulnerable group was the most affected group in the society as many of them lose their jobs and thus poverty rate rose. Poverty is a worldwide spread problem that results pains and loss of confidence to many people in the world where vulnerable citizens of Bauchi state-Nigeria are not excluded. The menace of poverty during COVID-19 pandemic can be alleviated through proper Zakat and Waqf administrations. This study explores the possible uses of Zakat and Waqf as financing tools for poverty alleviation during COVID-19 pandemic on the vulnerable in the society. The qualitative approach is adopted which includes review of related literatures and interview with relevant bodies and individuals. The findings of the study reveals that Zakat and Waqf as an Islamic finance models have relevant potential to fight any contemporary crisis and pandemic in respect of geographical location, era, people or religion. Zakat and Waqf if properly organized, maintained, collected, well managed and truthfully distributed to the people concerned can help in fighting the adverse effect of COVID-19 pandemic and alleviate poverty among the vulnerable in Bauchi state Nigeria.
Benturan Paradigma: Respons terhadap Penggeseran Paradigma Islam
Authors: Manilet M. Jamil , Al Kindi Farhan Afif
Published: September 2024

The clash between paradigms, in this case the Islamic and Western paradigms, is inevitable. This cannot be separated from the globalization that has swept the world. Religious issues from various regions around the world are easily accessible to anyone, anywhere, and anytime. The influx of these issues shapes the patterns and attitudes of Muslims, both in dealing with external and internal problems. The problem is that Muslims are then forced to submit to the Western paradigm. Since the late 19th century, Western penetration of the Islamic world has at least forced some Muslim countries to adopt Western laws. In addition, Islamic academics and intellectuals have lately been moving towards a rationalism-nihilism paradigm that tends to be oriented towards Western orientalist thought and philosophy. As a result, the Islamic paradigm adopted as a framework for Muslims' thinking has shifted and been replaced with a secular-liberal Western paradigm. Therefore, Islamic law is considered to be in conflict with human rights and the way of life of modern society. Departing from that, this paper is important as a response as well as an analysis and offer that the Islamic paradigm is different from the Western paradigm, so that the products produced are also different.  The Islamic paradigm is not just a view of the human mind towards the physical world or human involvement in it from a historical, social, political and cultural perspective, but includes aspects of the world and the hereafter.
Kontribusi Maqāshid al-Syarī’ah dalam Pengembangan Bioetika Islam
Authors: Muhamad Wildan Arif Amrulloh  , Zaman Mehdar Badrus
Published: September 2024

Advancements in medicine and biology have brought significant changes in medical practices, giving rise to new ethical issues such as surrogate motherhood and egg or sperm donation. In such cases, bioethics is essential. However, the prevailing bioethics is predominantly Western, diverging from Islamic ethical principles, thus potentially leading to different ethical conclusions. Hence, Islamic bioethics needs to be introduced and developed. One instrument used in this development is maqāshid al-Syarī’ah. This article aims to examine the contribution of maqasid al-shariah in the development of Islamic bioethics. Employing a literature review method, the article explores literature on Islamic bioethics and maqāshid al-Syarī’ah. The study's findings suggest that maqāshid can bridge Islamic principles with existing realities, enabling Islamic bioethics to address contemporary bioethical issues without compromising Islamic values.
Gambaran Sanitasi Lingkungan pada Santriwati Penderita Demam Tifoid di Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Putri 1
Authors: Fadholah Amal , Rahmawati Laily Mega , Rahmawati Rista
Published: September 2024

Penyakit menular yang cukup sering terjadi di Indonesia salah satunya adalah demam tifoid yang pada umumnya menyerang di usia remaja. Faktor resiko terjadianya demam tifoid salah satunya adalah sanitasi lingkungan yang belum sasuai dengan standar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran sanitasi lingkungan dan faktor yang mempengaruhi munculnya kejadian demam tifoid pada santriwati penderita demam tifoid di Pondok Modern Daraussalam Gontor Putri 1. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional yang bersifat deskriptif dengan studi retrospektif. Penelitian dilakukan sejak November sampai dengan Desember 2019 di Pondok Gontor Putri 1. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah sampling jenuh dengan jumlah responden 63 santriwati penderita demam tifoid. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menganalisis data dalam bentuk tabel yang berisi hasil skor kuisioner responden dan dihitung dengan rumus presentase, kemudian dikategorikan sesuai dengan hasil nilai interval untuk mengetahui gambaran sanitasi lingkungan pada santriwati penderita demam tifoid di Pondok Gontor Putri 1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh parameter sanitasi lingkungan memiliki kategori cukup baik, dengan masing-masing parameter memiliki presentase sebesar 54% pada sanitasi air bersih, 51% pada sanitasi tempat sampah, 57% pada sanitasi sarana pembuangan tinja, dan 53% pada tingkat kepadatan lalat. Sehingga didapatkan kemungkinan faktor yang menjadi penyebab kejadian demam tifoid di Pondok Gontor Putri 1 meliputi kualitas air bersih, frekuensi pembersihan bak air, keadaan bak air, bentuk tempat sampah, keadaan tempat sampah dan sekelilingnya, frekuensi tempat sampah dibawa ke tempat pembuangan sementara (TPS), tingkat kebersihan sarana pembuangan tinja, dan frekuensi pembersihan sarana pembuangan tinja.
Formulasi Gel Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum) dan Madu Trigona dengan Basis Na-CMC
Authors: Lestari Indah Tri , Yativa Riga Prillia , Dewi Yulisa Raras
Published: September 2024

Pemanfaatan tanaman sebagai penyembuhan luka masih menjadi salah satu alternatif yang menjanjikan. Kulit pisang ambon (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum) diketahui mengandung senyawa flavonoid, tannin, alkaloid, saponin dan glikosida yang dapat berfungsi sebagai antimikroba alami. Sementara itu, madu sudah lama dikenal sebagai agen anti mikroba karena kandungan gula yang tinggi. Kombinasi ekstrak kulit pisang dan madu menjadi gel merupankan teroboson dalam pemanfaatan zat aktif alami. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan formulasi dengan evaluasi fisik terbaik dari gel ekstrak kulit pisang ambon dan madu trigona dengan basis Na-CMC. Evaluasi fisk meliputi uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, penentuan nilai pH, penentuan viskositas dan pengukuran daya sebar. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan statistic SPSS-24 dengan Shapiro-Wilk dan dilanjutkan ANOVA atau Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil keselurahan didapatkan bahwa sediaan gel berdasarkan uji organoleptis menghasilkan warna coklat kuning, aroma khas madu pisang, teksturnya kental, pH 4,8-5,5, viskositas 7162,6-10589 dan daya sebar 5,5-7. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini bahwa pada Formula III merupakan formula yang terbaik diantara keempat formula sediaan gel dengan konsentrasi 15% ekstrak kulit pisang ambon dan 15% madu trigona. Evaluasi fisik berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia bahwa sediaan gel diperoleh hasil uji organoleptis bau khas pisang dan madu, berwarna coklat kuning, bentuk kental, homogenitas yang stabil, pH antara 5,0-5,3, viskositas antara 6,2-6,7 mengalami penurunan dan daya sebar 7566,3-86699 mengalami kenaikan dilihat dari lama penyimpanan.
Korelasi Persepsi terhadap Luaran Terapi pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II di RSUD Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Rositah Andrey , Pratiwi Neli Diah
Published: September 2024

Diabetes adalah penyakit metabolisme ditandai dengan hiperglikemia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan persepsi terhadap luaran terapi pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 (DMT2) yang menggunakan obat antihipertensi dan/atau antihiperlipidemia. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode cross sectional dan kuesioner Brief-Illnes Perception Questionaire (B-IPQ) . Luaran terapi yang diukur adalah GDP, G2PP, HDL, LDL, hipertensi, trigliserida, dan total kolestrol. Alat yang digunakan adalah Partial Least Square (PLS), yaitu SEM  yang berbasis  variance, dengan software SmartPLS 3.0 sebagai analisis. Jumlah pasien pada penelitian ini sebanyak 50 orang. Hasil temuan menunjukan adanya korelasi persepsi terhadap luaran terapi (p<0,10). Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah persepsi positif  pasien terhadap penyakit dapat meningkatkan kesehatan dan berkorelasi pada hasil luaran terapi yang terkontrol.
Evaluasi Drug Related Problems (DRPs) Pengobatan Sistem Pencernaan dan Sistem Pernapasan Pasien Stroke di RSUP Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten Periode 2018
Authors: Fadholah Amal , Safitri Dinni Aulia , Saptarina Nadia
Published: September 2024

Pasien stroke mendapatkan berbagai perawatan obat dan pemberian obat untuk waktu yang lama. Oleh karena itu, manajemen pemberian obat untuk pasien stroke rentan terhadap kesalahan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui profil penggunaan sistem pencernaan dan pernapasan selama rawat inap pada pasien stroke, dan untuk mengevaluasi masalah terkait pengobatan yang terjadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian non-eksperimental dengan desain deskriptif evaluatif yang retrospektif, dengan melacak data dari catatan rekam medis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memeriksa 17 rekam medis pasien. Jenis pasien stroke yang diteliti di RSUP Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten pada tahun 2018 meliputi jenis stroke stroke iskemik yang mana penderitanya lebih banyak dari stroke hemoragik, dengan total stroke iskemik 13 pasien dan stroke stroke hemoragik 4 pasien. Stroke iskemik yang paling umum diderita menurut jenis iskemik ialah dengan jenis kelamin perempuan. Lama perawatan minimum adalah 12 hari untuk stroke hemoragik dan paling lama 15 hari untuk stroke iskemik. Profil penggunaan obat-obatan sistem pencernaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ranitidine, ciprofloxacin, omeprazole, ondansetron, levofloxacin, sucralfat, laxadyn, ondansetron, urdafalk. Profil penggunaan obat-obatan sistem pencernaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ambroxol, ciprofloxacin, dan levofloxacin. Jumlah Drug Related Problems pada pasien stroke yang mendapatkan pengobatan sistem pencernaan dan sistem pernapasan, tidak ditemukan kasus obat yang salah, tidak ada kasus dosis terlalu rendah, kasus dosis terlalu tinggi ditemukan pada 1 pasien, 4 kasus efek samping obat reaksi dan interaksi obat ditemukan pada 2 pasien.
Pengaruh puasa ramadhan terhadap kadar gula darah masyarakat diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Denpasar Selatan
Authors: Putri Dhiancinantyan Windydaca Brata , Mirandinha Fortuna Sarmento Madeira Angie , Adi Purwa Hita I Putu Gede , Bakta I Made
Published: September 2024

Puasa diartikan sebagai ibadah menahan diri atau berpantang makan, minum, dan segala hal yang membatalkannya dengan waktu berpuasa berkisar antara 11 jam hingga 18 jam setiap hari. Manfaat yang didapat saat berpuasa salah satunya yaitu untuk mengontrol gula darah. Diabetes mellitus adalah penyakit yang ditandai dengan terjadinya hiperglikemia dan gangguan metabolisme karbohidrat, lemak, dan protein yang dihubungkan dengan kekurangan secara absolut atau relatif dari kerja dan atau sekresi insulin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh puasa terhadap GDA dan GDP pada pasien DM tipe 2 di lingkungan Kepaon. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian Quasi Eksperiment dengan desain rancangan Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Teknik Purposive sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan lingkungan Kepaon selama bulan puasa ramadhan 2023. Sampel pada penelitian ini merupakan pasien yang menderita DM tipe 2 di lingkungan Kepaon. Analisa data pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji paired t-test dan uji Mann-Whitney, dimana menunjukkan hasil GDA dan GDP kelompok intervensi sebelum berpuasa dan setelah berpuasa mengalami penurunan dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol dengan nilai p-value>0.001. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa puasa Ramadhan dapat menurunkan kadar GDA dan GDP pasien DM tipe 2 dibandingkan dengan kelompok yang tidak berpuasa.
Studi pola administrasi penggunaan asetosal pada pasien stroke iskemik
Authors: Almuhtarihan Irsan Fahmi , Irianto Jimmy Setiawan , Hasmono Didik , Syifa Nailis'
Published: September 2024

Stroke iskemik disebabkan oleh peristiwa trombotik atau emboli yang menyempitkan arteri sehingga menyebabkan penurunan aliran darah ke otak. Oleh karena itu, terapi antiplatelet digunakan untuk menghambat pembentukan tromboksan. Asetosal dianggap sebagai antiplatet lini pertama dan efektivitasnya sudah diketahui dengan baik, namun masih terdapat kebingungan dalam praktik klinis mengenai dosis optimal untuk pencegahan dan pengobatan stroke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola pemberian asetosal pada pasien stroke iskemik di RSUD dr. RSUD Moh Saleh Probolinggo. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional dengan metode retrospektif pada pasien stroke iskemik pada bulan Januari 2021 sampai dengan Desember 2021. Asetosal digunakan sendiri pada semua pasien (20 pasien). Semua pasien diberikan asetosal 1x80 mg p.o. Peralihan terapi dari clopidogrel (1x75 mg) p.o ke acetosal (1x80 mg) p.o. ditemukan pada satu sampel.