bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trauma Legal en el Teatro Americano del Siglo XX: The crucible de Arthur MillerTrauma Legal en el Teatro Americano del Siglo XX: The crucible de Arthur Miller
Authors: Nassima Brahimi
Published: May 2017

Basing on the interdisciplinary approaches of law and literature studies and trauma theory, in particular Felman’s repetitive legal trauma, we advocate that The Crucible demonstrates a past and a modern «legal trauma» in which the judicial hearings and trials of the post-World War II remarkably rehearse the Salem witchcraft trials. We engage with the play’s significant analogy to Communist witch-hunts to show how the justice system, in both periods, proceeds in engendering legal traumas. To prove this claim, we explore the legal narrative and the shared procedures, dramatically leading to accusation and/or execution. We discuss the judiciary’s articulation of law and justice, guilt and innocence within traumatic atmosphere, stressing the point that trauma yields nothing but another trauma, doomed to be repetitive when similar conditions arise. Also, we highlight the role of the play as a universal mode of testimony to Salem’s legal spectre and to any similar hysterical practices.
Guerra y memoria: Nono, Penderecki, Britten
Authors: Pacheco Sánchez Manuel
Published: May 2017

Este trabajo pretende acercarse a la manera en que la música de tradición culta ha respondido al impacto de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Para ello, estudiaremos tres obras cercanas en el tiempo a los acontecimientos, pero de autores distantes tanto en el espacio como en la estética: Il canto sospeso (1955- 56) de Luigi Nono, el Treno a las víctimas de Hiroshima (1959) de Krzysztof Penderecki, y el Réquiem de guerra (1961-62) de Benjamin Britten, las cuales abordaremos desde la perspectiva de la memoria, la intermedialidad texto-música, y sus parámetros musicales.
La Segunda Guerra Mundial en el Pacífico: estética cinematográfica y la ética de la guerra americana
Authors: Prorokova Tatiana
Published: May 2017

U.S. involvement in both theatres of WWII, i.e., in Europe and in the Pacific, has been widely reflected in literature, film, music, and art. This paper investigates the way American intervention in the Pacific is showcased in Terrence Malick’s film The Thin Red Line (1998) and the miniseries The Pacific (2010), directed by, among others, Jeremy Podeswa, and produced by, among others, Tom Hanks. I seek to analyze the aesthetics and ethics of U.S. war in the Pacific that these two media project. Do the chosen examples justify American intervention? How was the war in the Pacific different from that one in Europe? Were U.S. soldiers ready to fight in the Pacific? How did the war influence its participants? These are some of the questions the paper will meditate upon in large detail.
Fotografía y propaganda política: repercusiones en el arte de posguerra
Authors: Tamayo Pozueta Juan Daniel
Published: May 2017

El artículo aborda el problema de la relación entre el discurso histórico-social y el discurso publicitario y la fotografía haciendo hincapié en los elementos básicos que configuran las principales ideologías que preparan la Segunda Guerra Mundial y su representación gráfica. asimismo, el autor desarrolla las distintas formas de discurso posteriores al acontecimiento histórico que reflejan nuevas iniciativas artísticas relacionadas con posiciones pro y antibelicistas.
Pentafecta Rates of Three-Dimensional Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy: Our Experience after 150 Cases
Authors: Benelli Andrea , Varca Virginia , Simonato Alchiede , Terrone Carlo , Gregori Andrea
Published: May 2017

Introduction

Three-dimensional (3D) laparoscopy with a flexible camera was developed to overcome the main limitation of traditional laparoscopic surgery, which is two-dimensional (2D) vision. The aim of our article is to present the largest casistic of 3D laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) available in literature and evaluate our results in terms of pentafecta and compare it with the literature.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients who underwent LRP with 3D technology between March 2014 and December 2015. Total operative time (TOT), anasthomosis time (AT), blood loss and complications were registered. All patients presented at least 3 months of follow-up. Surgical outcome was evaluated in terms of Pentafecta.

Results

One hundred fifty consecutive patients underwent 3D LRP. Mean follow-up was 16.9 months. Mean age was 67.7 ± 8.3 years (range 50-76). Mean preoperative PSA value was 8.3 ± 5.8 ng/ml and mean bioptic Gleason Score (GS) was 6.6. We had a mean TOT of 158 ± 23 minutes and a mean AT of 25 ± 12.6. Mean blood loss was 240 ± 40 ml. Eighteen (12%) postoperative complications occurred. Pathologic results: pT2 in 91 patients (58%) and pT3 in 59 (39.3%). Pentafecta was reached by 31.3% of patients at 3 months and 51.6% at 12 months.

Conclusions

Our oncological and functional results are comparable to those present in literature for laparoscopic and robotic surgery. We believe that our findings can encourage the use of 3D laparoscopy especially considering the increasing attention to healthcare costs.
The Effect of Sales and Evidence from Micro Data
Authors: Guo Zi-Yi , Luo Yangxiaoteng
Published: May 2017

The concept of menu cost indicates that firms are facing a fixed menu cost when they want to change the nominal prices. However, the standard menu cost model is hardly to explain the observed facts from micro-level data, especially in terms of sales. In this paper, we investigate the effect of sales through a novel product-level dataset. There are at least three findings from our estimation results. First, we find that retail sales themselves, rather than price decreases, have a large effect on consumers’ purchases. Second, consumers are more prices sensitive when the product is on sale than they are when the product is not on sale. Third, consumers are far more aware of price decreases than price increases.
A Multidimensional Statistical Analysis of Artisans and Unskilled Workers of Ecuador
Authors: Marchán Andrés Bonilla , Delgado Ramiro , Stefos Efstathios
Published: May 2017

The objective of this study is to highlight the social characteristics of the unskilled workers and artisans of Ecuador through a descriptive and multidimensional statistical analysis of data from the 2015 National Survey of Employment, Unemployment and Self-employment. The descriptive statistical analysis demonstrates the frequencies and percentages of the variables of the investigation while the multidimensional statistical analysis shows the principal criteria of differentiation and classification between the groups of people surveyed. The methods involved a factorial analysis of multiple correspondences indicating the criteria of differentiation, and a statistical hierarchical analysis, which attempts to define the subjects surveyed according to their common traits.
O ensino e a pesquisa em filosofia da educação: um dilema histórico e uma alternativa contemporânea
Authors: Mota Fernanda
Published: May 2017

O presente artigo tem por objetivo investigar a questão relativa ao predomínio filosófico ou pedagógico no ensino da disciplina filosofia da educação e apresentar alguns aspectos de variantes propositivas de superação do referido dilema no âmbito do campo filosófico-educacional brasileiro contemporâneo. No intuito de contribuir para posteriores discussões sobre tal tema, bem como buscar novos sentidos para o ensino de Filosofia da Educação, nos amparamos em referenciais teóricos como: Albuquerque (1998; 2010), Tomazetti (2003; 2010), Valle; Kohan (2004), Tadeu e Kohan (2005), Gallo (2008), Pagni (2008; 2011; 2013), Deleuze; Guattari (2010), Deleuze (2010; 2011), dentre outros. Após a exposição do histórico dilema entre o domínio filosófico e o domínio pedagógico que permeia o ensino e a pesquisa no campo da filosofia da educação no Brasil, indicamos algumas recentes experimentações, inspiradas nos escritos de Gilles Deleuze e Michel Foucault, como uma alternativa para a superação desse problema.
Gilles Marcotte, lecteur du xixe siècle québécois
Authors: Beaudet Marie-Andrée
Published: May 2017

Gilles Marcotte fut l’un des plus fidèles et des plus exigeants compagnons de route de la littérature québécoise de la seconde moitié du xxe siècle, mais il s’intéressa également et très tôt à l’histoire de cette jeune littérature et se pencha à maintes reprises, non cependant sans d’importantes réserves, sur la production littéraire du siècle précédent, réserves que le temps et de nombreuses relectures vont contribuer non pas à lever entièrement mais à fortement atténuer. C’est un dix-neuvième siècle fait de pauvreté et d’ambitions littéraires que nous nous proposons d’évoquer, celui de Gilles Marcotte, celui qu’il donne à lire, compose et recompose à partir de quelques figures-phares, notamment celles d’Octave Crémazie et de François-Xavier Garneau.
A survey of secure middleware for the Internet of Things
Authors: Fremantle Paul , Scott Philip
Published: May 2017

The rapid growth of small Internet connected devices, known as the Internet of Things (IoT), is creating a new set of challenges to create secure, private infrastructures. This paper reviews the current literature on the challenges and approaches to security and privacy in the Internet of Things, with a strong focus on how these aspects are handled in IoT middleware. We focus on IoT middleware because many systems are built from existing middleware and these inherit the underlying security properties of the middleware framework. The paper is composed of three main sections. Firstly, we propose a matrix of security and privacy threats for IoT. This matrix is used as the basis of a widespread literature review aimed at identifying requirements on IoT platforms and middleware. Secondly, we present a structured literature review of the available middleware and how security is handled in these middleware approaches. We utilise the requirements from the first phase to evaluate. Finally, we draw a set of conclusions and identify further work in this area.
LA ACOMODACIÓN RAZONABLE PARA LA RELIGIÓN EN EL LUGAR DE TRABAJO EN EE.UU., CANADÁ Y EUROPA. LECCIONES DE ESA EXPERIENCIA APLICABLES AL ÁMBITO LATINOAMERICANO
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (España), Vives Juan Martín
Published: May 2017

La creciente diversidad religiosa, y los correspondientes reclamos de igualdad de trato por parte de las minorí­as religiosas, están produciendo algunas nuevas fricciones en las sociedades latinoamericanas. El ambiente de trabajo es el escenario para muchos de esos conflictos. Esto no resulta sorprendente, ya que el trabajo y la religión son asuntos de la máxima importancia en la vida de muchas personas. Ambas esferas convergen en el lugar de trabajo, donde los individuos pasan una gran porción de sus vidas. El presente artí­culo examina la acomodación razonable como una herramienta para prevenir y resolver algunos de esos conflictos, especí­ficamente cuando las prácticas religiosas de los empleados colisionan con los reglamentos y los requerimientos de los empleadores. El objetivo de la acomodación razonable es ofrecer un trato igualitario a quienes por su religión se encuentran privados del disfrute pleno de un bien socialmente accesible como es el trabajo. El autor analiza el desarrollo del deber de acomodación razonable en el lugar de trabajo tal como ha sido interpretado por la Corte Suprema de Estados Unidos, la Corte Suprema de Canadá y el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos. A continuación, se abordan las dos mayores objeciones que la noción de acomodación razonable podrí­a enfrentar en Latinoamérica: la posibilidad de establecer con claridad sus lí­mites, y la necesidad o no de que exista un mandato legislativo previo y expreso. En última instancia, el autor se expresa en favor de la adopción de la acomodación razonable en Latinoamérica como una herramienta para afrontar la diversidad religiosa en el lugar de trabajo, y para asegurar la igualdad real (y no meramente formal) entre todas las personas con independencia de sus creencias religiosas.
DISCIPLINA ESCOLAR, SÍMBOLOS RELIGIOSOS Y ACOMODO RAZONABLE: MULTANI V COMMISSION SCOLAIRE MARGUERITE‑BOURGEOYS
Authors:   Manchester University (Reino Unido), Céspedes Rodrigo
Published: May 2017

La sentencia Multani es un precedente Canadiense relevante en materia de acomodo razonable en relación con la discriminación religiosa en la escuela. El fallo armoniza elementos como la protección de minorías, la seguridad escolar, la restricción de derechos fundamentales y proporcionalidad.
DISCURSO DE ODIO RELIGIOSO Y PROSELITISMO: LÍMITES CONCEPTUALES EN LA JURISPRUDENCIA DE LA CORTE SUPREMA FEDERAL
Authors:   Universidad de Sao Paulo (Brasil), Bevilacqua Piccolo Carla
Published: May 2017

La Corte Suprema de Brasil ha establecido recientemente un precedente importante en el área de la libertad religiosa, decidiendo cerrar una demanda penal en curso contra un sacerdote de la Iglesia Católica que, en un libro propio, publicó declaraciones discriminatorias contra la doctrina espiritista y las religiones de origen africano. El argumento del relator, trazando las líneas que separan el proselitismo de las religiones con pretensiones universalistas y el racismo condenado por el derecho penal, ciertamente servirá como precedente para futuros casos que involucren conflictos entre diferentes posiciones religiosas en el país. Este artículo propone presentar el caso a la comunidad académica latinoamericana y analizar la línea teórica seguida por la decisión.
BOLIVIA PROYECTO DE LEY N° 381/2016-2017 -ASAMBLEA LEGISLATIVA PLURINACIONAL
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Jugo de Las Heras María Begoña
Published: May 2017

RATIFICA LA FIRMA DE LAS CONVENCIONES APROBADAS POR LA ORGANIZACIÓN DE ESTADOS AMERICANOS (OEA) “CONVENCIÓN INTERAMERICANA CONTRA TODA FORMA DE DISCRIMINACIÓN E INTOLERANCIA” Y “CONVENCIÓN INTERAMERICANA CONTRA EL RACISMO, LA DISCRIMINACIÓN RACIAL Y FORMAS CONEXAS DE INTOLERANCIA”, FIRMADOS EN 2013
LA RELIGIÓN EN EL ESPACIO PÚBLICO. LOS SÍMBOLOS RELIGIOSOS ANTE EL DERECHO- RAFAEL PALOMINO
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Published: May 2017

LA RELIGIÓN EN EL ESPACIO PÚBLICO LOS SÍMBOLOS RELIGIOSOS ANTE EL DERECHO R. PALOMINO.-1ª ed.-Madrid, Editorial Digital Reasons, 2016. ISBN: 978-84-944601-8-0
LIBERTAD RELIGIOSA, LAICIDAD, AUTONOMÍA V. PRIETO
Authors:   Universidad Iberoamericana (México), Patiño Reyes Alberto
Published: May 2017

LIBERTAD RELIGIOSA, LAICIDAD, AUTONOMÍA V. PRIETO.1a ed. Bogotá, Editorial Universidad La Sabana-Temis, 2015, 180 pp. ISBN: 978-958-35-1086-1
Racial Differences in Pain Assessment and False Beliefs About Race in AI Models
Authors: Deb Brototo , Rodman Adam
Published: October 2024

This comparative effectiveness research study examines the association between racial differences in pain assessment and false beliefs about biologization of race by large language models compared with a human baseline.
Functional interaction between receptor tyrosine kinase MET and ETS transcription factors promotes prostate cancer progression
Authors: Carouge Elisa , Burnichon Clémence , Figeac Martin , Sebda Shéhérazade , Vanpouille Nathalie , Vinchent Audrey , Truong Marie‐José , Duterque‐Coquillaud Martine , Tulasne David , Chotteau‐Lelièvre Anne
Published: October 2024

Prostate cancer, the most common malignancy in men, has a relatively favourable prognosis. However, when it spreads to the bone, the survival rate drops dramatically. The development of bone metastases leaves patients with aggressive prostate cancer, the leading cause of death in men. Moreover, bone metastases are incurable and very painful. Hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET) and fusion of genes encoding E26 transformation‐specific (ETS) transcription factors are both involved in the progression of the disease. ETS gene fusions, in particular, have the ability to induce the migratory and invasive properties of prostate cancer cells, whereas MET receptor, through its signalling cascades, is able to activate transcription factor expression. MET signalling and ETS gene fusions are intimately linked to high‐grade prostate cancer. However, the collaboration of these factors in prostate cancer progression has not yet been investigated. Here, we show, using cell models of advanced prostate cancer, that ETS translocation variant 1 (ETV1) and transcriptional regulator ERG (ERG) transcription factors (members of the ETS family) promote tumour properties, and that activation of MET signalling enhances these effects. By using a specific MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor in a humanised hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mouse model, we also establish that MET activity is required for ETV1/ERG‐mediated tumour growth. Finally, by performing a comparative transcriptomic analysis, we identify target genes that could play a relevant role in these cellular processes. Thus, our results demonstrate for the first time in prostate cancer models a functional interaction between ETS transcription factors (ETV1 and ERG) and MET signalling that confers more aggressive properties and highlight a molecular signature characteristic of this combined action.
Quantitative MRI biomarker for classification of clinically significant prostate cancer: Calibration for reproducibility across echo times
Authors: Kallis Karoline , Conlin Christopher C. , Ollison Courtney , Hahn Michael E. , Rakow‐Penner Rebecca , Dale Anders M. , Seibert Tyler M.
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The purpose of the present study is to develop a calibration method to account for differences in echo times (TE) and facilitate the use of restriction spectrum imaging restriction score (RSIrs) as a quantitative biomarker for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa).

Methods

This study included 197 consecutive patients who underwent MRI and biopsy examination; 97 were diagnosed with csPCa (grade group ≥ 2). RSI data were acquired three times during the same session: twice at minimum TE ~75 ms and once at TE = 90 ms (TEmin1, TEmin2, and TE90, respectively). A linear regression model was determined to match the C‐maps of TE90 to the reference C‐maps of TEmin1 within the interval ranging from 95th to 99th percentile of signal intensity within the prostate. RSIrs comparisons were made at the 98th percentile within each patient's prostate.

We compared RSIrs from calibrated TE90 (RSIrsTE90corr) and uncorrected TE90 (RSIrsTE90) to RSIrs from reference TEmin1 (RSIrsTEmin1) and repeated TEmin2 (RSIrsTEmin2). Calibration performance was evaluated with sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve (AUC).

Results

Scaling factors for C1, C2, C3, and C4 were estimated as 1.68, 1.33, 1.02, and 1.13, respectively. In non‐csPCa cases, the 98th percentile of RSIrsTEmin2 and RSIrsTEmin1 differed by 0.27 ± 0.86SI (mean ± standard deviation), whereas RSIrsTE90 differed from RSIrsTEmin1 by 1.82 ± 1.20SI. After calibration, this bias was reduced to ‐0.51 ± 1.21SI, representing a 72% reduction in absolute error. For patients with csPCa, the difference was 0.54 ± 1.98SI between RSIrsTEmin2 and RSIrsTEmin1 and 2.28 ± 2.06SI between RSIrsTE90 and RSIrsTEmin1. After calibration, the mean difference decreased to ‐1.03SI, a 55% reduction in absolute error. At the Youden index for patient‐level classification of csPCa (8.94SI), RSIrsTEmin1 has a sensitivity of 66% and a specificity of 72%.

Conclusions

The proposed linear calibration method produces similar quantitative biomarker values for acquisitions with different TE, reducing TE‐induced error by 72% and 55% for non‐csPCa and csPCa, respectively.
A review of deep learning approaches for multimodal image segmentation of liver cancer
Authors: Wu Chaopeng , Chen Qiyao , Wang Haoyu , Guan Yu , Mian Zhangyang , Huang Cong , Ruan Changli , Song Qibin , Jiang Hao , Pan Jinghui , Li Xiangpan
Published: October 2024

This review examines the recent developments in deep learning (DL) techniques applied to multimodal fusion image segmentation for liver cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma is a highly dangerous malignant tumor that requires accurate image segmentation for effective treatment and disease monitoring. Multimodal image fusion has the potential to offer more comprehensive information and more precise segmentation, and DL techniques have achieved remarkable progress in this domain. This paper starts with an introduction to liver cancer, then explains the preprocessing and fusion methods for multimodal images, then explores the application of DL methods in this area. Various DL architectures such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) and U‐Net are discussed and their benefits in multimodal image fusion segmentation. Furthermore, various evaluation metrics and datasets currently used to measure the performance of segmentation models are reviewed. While reviewing the progress, the challenges of current research, such as data imbalance, model generalization, and model interpretability, are emphasized and future research directions are suggested. The application of DL in multimodal image segmentation for liver cancer is transforming the field of medical imaging and is expected to further enhance the accuracy and efficiency of clinical decision making. This review provides useful insights and guidance for medical practitioners.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction: Bridging Macroscopic Experimental Observations and Microscopic Explanatory Mechanisms
Authors: He Yanzheng , Wang Mengfan , Ji Haoqing , Cheng Qiyang , Liu Sisi , Huan Yunfei , Qian Tao , Yan Chenglin
Published: October 2024

Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) has been recognized as a promising route to convert carbon emissions to high‐value chemicals and fuels. Significant breakthroughs are usually inseparable from deeper understanding of reaction mechanisms. To this end, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been invaluable in providing detailed insights into elucidation of complex reaction pathways and prediction of overall electrochemical performance, thus bridging macroscopic experimental observations and microscopic explanatory mechanisms. Directed by MD simulations, tremendous efforts have been devoted toward enhancing the CO2RR with rational design of electrocatalyst and efficient construction of electrode/electrolyte interface. Herein, a comprehensive review of applications of MD simulations in CO2RR is emerged. To begin with, specific fundamentals along with familiar methods such as algorithm and force fields of various MD simulations have been summed up. Followed, employment of MD simulations in optimization of CO2RR is introduced, encompassing interpretation of electrocatalyst activity, explanation of electrolyte effect, and investigation of electrode microenvironment. Definitively, imminent challenges and avenues for optimization in future MD simulations are contemplated, envisioning this review as a guiding beacon for future endeavors aimed at harnessing MD simulations to propel CO2RR toward a realm of heightened efficiency, economic viability, and practical utility.
Hierarchical Engineering on Built‐In Electric Field of Bimetallic Zeolitic Imidazolate Derivatives Towards Amplified Dielectric Loss
Authors: Zhang Shijie , Zheng Jiajun , Lan Di , Gao Zhenguo , Liang Xiaowei , Tian Qingfeng , Zhao Zhiwei , Wu Guanglei
Published: October 2024

Construction of built‐in electric field (BIEF) in nanohybrids has been demonstrated as an efficacious strategy to boost the dielectric loss by facilitating oriented transfer and transition of charges, thus optimizing the electromagnetic wave absorption property. However, the specific influence of BIEF on interface polarization needs to explore thoroughly and the BIEF strength should be further augmented. Herein, several dielectric systems incorporated Mott–Schottky heterojunctions and hollow structures are designed and constructed, where bimetallic zeolitic imidazolate framework are employed to derive Cu‐ZnO Mott–Schottky heterojunctions, and hierarchical structures and BIEF are further enriched by introducing hollow structure and reduced graphene oxide. The well‐established “double” BIEF verified by theoretical calculation and hollow engineering can regulate the conductivity, and enhance the polarization relaxation effectively. Especially, there always coexisted both enhanced charge separation and reversed charge distribution in this “double” BIEF, boosting the interface polarization. Attributing to the synergy of well‐matched impedance and amplified dielectric loss, the obtained hybrids exhibited superior absorption (reflection loss of −46.29 dB and an ultra‐wide effective absorption bandwidth of 7.6 GHz at only 1.6 mm). This work proves an innovative model for dissecting dielectric loss mechanisms and pioneers a novel strategy to explore advanced absorbers through enhancing BIEF.
Photo‐Assisted Zn‐Iodine Battery via Bifunctional Cathode with Iodine Host and Solar Response Boost
Authors: Xu Hai , Gao Wanli , Dou Hui , Zhang Xiaogang , Pumera Martin
Published: October 2024

The aqueous photo‐assisted battery is considered an efficient means of converting and storing solar energy in one device. However, identifying a suitable photocathode with excellent iodine capture capabilities for photo‐assisted Zn‐iodine batteries still remains challenging. In this work, bifunctional BiOI is prepared as sole cathode material for a photo‐assisted Zn‐iodine battery while simultaneously realizing an iodine host and solar responsiveness. The as‐presented BiOI with abundant vacancies offers highly reversible photo‐assisted iodine redox reactions. Meanwhile, the dual reaction routes involving vacancy iodine storage and reversible two‐steps iodine redox are confirmed by in/ex situ characterization techniques during the energy storage process. Consequently, the assembled battery exhibits areal capacity of 0.24 mAh cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2 with coulombic efficiency exceeding 96.5%. More impressively, benefiting from the wide visible light absorption of the BiOI cathode, the battery demonstrates a much enhanced specific areal capacity of 0.4 mAh cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2 under sun illumination, representing a remarkable increment of 60% compared to that in the dark environment. This work expands the utility of cathode materials for a photo‐assisted Zn‐iodine battery.
Color Recognition Achieved in Multiwavelength Controlled Plasmonic Optoelectronic Memristor for Neuromorphic Visual System
Authors: Cheng Yankun , Li Zhuangzhaung , Lin Ya , Wang Zhongqiang , Shan Xuanyu , Tao Ye , Zhao Xiaoning , Xu Haiyang , Liu Yichun
Published: October 2024

An optoelectronic synaptic device with the color‐recognition ability is highly desired for achieving the high‐efficient neuromorphic color visual system. In order to realistically implement the functionality of retina (i.e., bipolar cells and cones photoreceptors), the exploration of multiwavelength controlled optoelectronic synaptic devices with fully light tunable ability would be sorely needed. Here, a multiwavelength controlled plasmonic optoelectronic memristor based on the size‐dependent localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of metallic nanostructures is developed. The distinguishable red (R), green (G), and blue (B) light response behaviors can be achieved in this single device, which enables the realization of color image perception and memory functions. The RGB light‐strengthened synaptic plasticity can be depressed by ultraviolet light stimulations, relying on the effects of LSPR and optical excitation in WOx:Ag nanocomposites. Moreover, the visual attention for color (color discrimination) is realized in this memristor, which promotes the improvement of recognition accuracy during the color image recognition process. A new approach in developing multiwavelength controlled synaptic devices is provided here for highly efficient neuromorphic vision.
Three‐Pronged Induction of Tumor Calcification Synergistic Calcium Immunotherapy Enables Diagnosis and Cure of Cancer
Authors: Bai Shuang , Xu Shuqin , Lan Yulu , Lu Zhixiang , Liu Long , Song Weilun , Wu Rongqian , Ma Feng , Chen Hu , Zeng Yun , Lv Yi , Liu Gang
Published: October 2024

Tumor calcification is considered to have the superiority of integrating tumor diagnosis and treatment, and it also has been found to be a predictor of favorable prognosis. However, selecting suitable nanocarriers and therapeutic drugs to maximize the tumor calcification efficiency are key factors for improving calcification‐medicated theranostics. This study performs a multi‐channel calcification nanoinitiator (CalNI, i.e., BP‐Cur‐Ca@PKLAK) by loading curcumin (Cur) and depositing Ca2+ on black phosphorus (BP) and combined carrying mitochondria‐targeting cytotoxic peptide KLAK to boost a triple‐induced tumor calcification. CalNI preferentially accumulates inside tumor mitochondria and induces multilevel calcification promotion by the three combined effects of (i) the degradation of BP into PO43− provides the phosphorus source required for calcification; (ii) burst of calcium ions can directly induce cellular calcium overload; (iii) Cur can inhibit calcium efflux thus further aggravate intracellular calcium stress. Moreover, KLAK exhibited enhanced mitochondrial synergistic toxic effects. Notably, the potential function of CalNI on the regulation of macrophage polarization could completely reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment, and activate the initiation of T cell‐mediated immune response. Therefore, this three‐pronged CalNI showed a huge promise to be an alternative to conventional oncology therapy, which presents a more satisfactory therapeutic efficiency than any kind of single induction mode.
Mg2+‐Doped Cesium Copper Halide for Bright Electroluminescent White Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Wu Yizhang , Lu Min , Lu Po , Liu Mingze , Li Rui , Liu Yu , Feng Junzhe , Zhang Fujun , Wu Zhennan , Zhang Yu , Bai Xue , Tang Aiwei
Published: October 2024

Lead‐based perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) as one of the most promising materials in the fields of display and lighting, have outstanding optical performance and simple solution preparation process. However, the toxicity of lead and poor stability limit their commercialization. Meanwhile, as a key component of display and lighting, white light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs) still faces challenges such as low luminance and complex preparation process. A method is proposed for preparing nontoxic and stable Cs3Cu2I5 NCs by doping Mg2+ ions, achieved broadband blue light emission with a high PLQY of 96.2% and excellent thermal cycling stability and air stability. Then, the Mg2+ ions doped Cs3Cu2I5 NCs are used as emissive layer, while the 1,3,5‐Tri (m‐pyridine‐3‐ylphenyl) benzene (TmPyPb) is selected as electron transport layer to interact with Cs3Cu2I5 thin films for the formation of Cu‐I complex with broadband yellow light emission. This approach obviated the need for multi‐layer sedimentary emission layers, resulting in WLEDs featuring a high color rendering index (CRI) of 91, a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 0.71% and maximum luminance of 2116 cd m−2 that is the highest values of lead‐free perovskite WLEDs at present. Therefore, Cs3Cu2I5 NCs have good application prospects in WLEDs.
Dendritic Oligomers‐Based Exciplex Emitters Realizing Solution‐Processed Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with Nearly 30% External Quantum Efficiency
Authors: Zhang Ming , Sun Dian‐Ming , Wang Kai , Chen Jing , Zhou Yin‐Qiong , Zhang Heng‐Yuan , Zhuo Hao , Xiong Zu‐Hong , Lin Hui , Tao Si‐Lu , Zheng Cai‐Jun , Zhang Xiao‐Hong
Published: October 2024

Due to the feature of the strong intermolecular interactions causing aggregation‐caused excitons quenching (ACQ) of solution process, realizing high‐performance solution‐processed organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters remains a formidable challenge nowadays. To address this issue, herein, a novel strategy is proposed to construct solution‐processable ternary exciplex emitters by utilizing the dendritic oligomer as the substrate, simultaneously realizing excellent solution‐process adaptability, good dispersibility to restrain harmful ACQ, and improved exciton utilization with multiple reverse intersystem crossing channels. Accordingly, dendritic oligomer‐based exciplex systems are constructed by combining small‐molecule donor and acceptor components with the multi‐carbazole‐substituted tetraphenylsilane‐core analog as substrate. And their film morphologies, photoluminescence quantum yields (ΦPLs), and non‐radiative decay rates of triplet excitons (knrTs) are significantly improved. Among them, DMAC‐DPS:PO‐T2T:SimCP3 exhibits the highest ΦPL of 97.5% and the lowest knrT of 1.0 × 103 s−1, and realizes the best maximum external quantum efficiency of 29.7% in solution‐processed OLED, which is comparable with the highest electroluminescence efficiencies of all solution‐processable emitters. Therefore, this work will provide a prospective pathway to develop efficient solution‐processable exciplex emitters and promote the progress of solution‐processed OLEDs.
H2O2 Self‐Supplied MoS2/CaO2 Nanozyme Hydrogel with Near‐Infrared Photothermal Synergetic Cascade Peroxidase‐Like Activity for Wound Disinfection
Authors: Huang Jinyi , Ullah Ihsan , Chen Linjie , Peng Ke , Ou Yujie , Gong Zehua , Wu Aimin , He Zhimin , Yin Wenyan , Li Huaqiong
Published: October 2024

In wound healing and clinical anti‐infection therapy, the current feasibility of nanocatalysts is extremely limited because of inadequate reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Herein, a novel H2O2 self‐supplying nanocomposite (M/C/AEK) consists of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) decorated with calcium peroxide (CaO2) prepared at ambient temperature and encapsulated in AEK hydrogel. In the presence of H2O2 and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), CaO2 nanoclusters, ≈30 nm, are anchored on the MoS2 surface. MoS2/CaO2 can induce both a cascaded peroxidase (POD)‐like and catalase (CAT)‐like catalytic activity to produce toxic hydroxyl radicals through self‐supplied H2O2 and O2 responsive to the faintly acidic environment of acute wounds. The POD‐like activity is increased under acidic compared with neutral conditions, allowing selective treatment of acute, slightly acidic wounds while avoiding the side effects of high‐concentration antibacterial agents on normal tissues. The high near‐infrared photothermal effect synergistically with POD‐like/CAT‐like activity of MoS2/CaO2 boosts the production of more ROS to eradicate Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria (98.6% and 98.9%) effectively and selectively stimulate wound healing. The porous M/C/AEK hydrogel in the wound microenvironment can efficiently capture bacteria, and its Ca2+ ions and keratin stimulate healing, revealing excellent potential in advanced wound care and infection control therapies.
Achieving Efficient X‐ray Scintillation of Purely Organic Phosphorescent Materials by Chromophore Confinement
Authors: Zhou Zixing , Wang Xiao , Lv Anqi , Ding Meijuan , Song Zhicheng , Ma Huili , An Zhongfu , Huang Wei
Published: October 2024

Scintillators have attracted significant attention due to their wide‐ranging applications in both industrial and medical fields. However, one of the ongoing challenges is the efficient utilization of triplet excitons to achieve high radioluminescence efficiency. Here, a series of purely organic phosphors is presented for X‐ray scintillation, employing a combined rigid and flexible host‐guest doping strategy. The doped crystals exhibit a remarkable maximum phosphorescence efficiency of 99.4% under UV excitation. Furthermore, upon X‐ray irradiation, the radioluminescence intensities of the doped phosphors are markedly higher compared to their single‐component crystal counterparts. Through systematic investigations, it is demonstrated the crucial role of confining isolated chromophores in enhancing scintillation efficiency. Additionally, a transparent scintillator screen fabricated with the doped phosphor exhibits excellent X‐ray imaging performance, achieving a high spatial resolution of 18.0 lp mm−1. This work not only offers valuable insights into suppressing non‐radiative transitions of triplet excitons during scintillation but also opens a new avenue for designing highly efficient purely organic phosphorescent scintillators.
Switching from Molecules to Functional Materials: Breakthroughs in Photochromism With MOFs
Authors: Thaggard Grace C. , Kankanamalage Buddhima K. P. Maldeni , Park Kyoung Chul , Lim Jaewoong , Quetel Molly A. , Naik Mamata , Shustova Natalia B.
Published: October 2024

Photochromic materials with properties that can be dynamically tailored as a function of external stimuli are a rapidly expanding field driven by applications in areas ranging from molecular computing, nanotechnology, or photopharmacology to programable heterogeneous catalysis. Challenges arise, however, when translating the rapid, solution‐like response of stimuli‐responsive moieties to solid‐state materials due to the intermolecular interactions imposed through close molecular packing in bulk solids. As a result, the integration of photochromic compounds into synthetically programable porous matrices, such as metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), has come to the forefront as an emerging strategy for photochromic material development. This review highlights how the core principles of reticular chemistry (on the example of MOFs) play a critical role in the photochromic material performance, surpassing the limitations previously observed in solution or solid state. The symbiotic relationship between photoresponsive compounds and porous frameworks with a focus on how reticular synthesis creates avenues toward tailorable photoisomerization kinetics, directional energy and charge transfer, switchable gas sorption, and synergistic chromophore communication is discussed. This review not only focuses on the recent cutting‐edge advancements in photochromic material development, but also highlights novel, vital‐to‐pursue pathways for multifaceted functional materials in the realms of energy, technology, and biomedicine.
Zinc Chemistries of Hybrid Electrolytes in Zinc Metal Batteries: From Solvent Structure to Interfaces
Authors: Chen Wenyong , Wang Yanyan , Wang Fengmei , Zhang Zihao , Li Wei , Fang Guozhao , Wang Fei
Published: October 2024

Along with the booming research on zinc metal batteries (ZMBs) in recent years, operational issues originated from inferior interfacial reversibility have become inevitable. Presently, single‐component electrolytes represented by aqueous solution, “water‐in‐salt,” solid, eutectic, ionic liquids, hydrogel, or organic solvent system are hard to undertake independently the task of guiding the practical application of ZMBs due to their specific limitations. The hybrid electrolytes modulate microscopic interaction mode between Zn2+ and other ions/molecules, integrating vantage of respective electrolyte systems. They even demonstrate original Zn2+ mobility pattern or interfacial chemistries mechanism distinct from single‐component electrolytes, providing considerable opportunities for solving electromigration and interfacial problems in ZMBs. Therefore, it is urgent to comprehensively summarize the zinc chemistries principles, characteristics, and applications of various hybrid electrolytes employed in ZMBs. This review begins with elucidating the chemical bonding mode of Zn2+ and interfacial physicochemical theory, and then systematically elaborates the microscopic solvent structure, Zn2+ migration forms, physicochemical properties, and the zinc chemistries mechanisms at the anode/cathode interfaces in each type of hybrid electrolytes. Among of which, the scotoma and amelioration strategies for the current hybrid electrolytes are actively exposited, expecting to provide referenceable insights for further progress of future high‐quality ZMBs.
Enhancing Environmental Remediation: Advancements in Chemically Crosslinked Cyclodextrin‐Based Materials for Organic and Inorganic Pollutant Removal
Authors: Khushbu  , Mukhopadhyay Samrat
Published: October 2024

Concern over the harmful impacts of pollutants on human health and the environment has increased in recent decades due to their widespread presence in water resources. These pollutants include pesticides, poisonous textile dyes, and micropollutants. It is essential to remove these pollutants from wastewater to enhance the quality of water for industrial usage. Because of externally hydrophilic and internally hydrophobic qualities, cyclodextrin and its derivatives have shown great promise as adsorbents for the treatment of wastewater. While cyclodextrins cannot be used as adsorbents on their own due to their water solubility, they can be efficiently polymerized with different types of cross‐linkers to increase their stability and effectiveness. This review article examines chemically crosslinked materials based on cyclodextrin and its derivatives, utilizing various cross‐linkers such as epichlorohydrin, glutaraldehyde, citric acid, N,N′‐methylene bisacrylamide and maleic anhydride. These materials are evaluated for their effectiveness in adsorbing textile dyes, micropollutants, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides from wastewater. Additionally, this article provides a detailed explanation of adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics, and kinetic isotherms for the removal of contaminants. It also discusses the mechanism of contaminant adsorption, and reusability of adsorbents. Finally, this study delves into the challenges and exciting future prospects of CD‐based adsorbents, highlighting their potential to revolutionize wastewater treatment.
Impact of Viruses on Prokaryotic Communities and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Agricultural Soils
Authors: Huang Xing , Braga Lucas P. P. , Ding Chenxiao , Yang Bokai , Ge Tida , Di Hongjie , He Yan , Xu Jianming , Philippot Laurent , Li Yong
Published: October 2024

Viruses are abundant and ubiquitous in soil, but their importance in modulating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in terrestrial ecosystems remains largely unknown. Here, various loads of viral communities are introduced into paddy soils with different fertilization histories via a reciprocal transplant approach to study the role of viruses in regulating greenhouse gas emissions and prokaryotic communities. The results showed that the addition of viruses has a strong impact on methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and, to a minor extent, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, along with dissolved carbon and nitrogen pools, depending on soil fertilization history. The addition of a high viral load resulted in a decrease in microbial biomass carbon (MBC) by 31.4%, with changes in the relative abundance of 16.6% of dominant amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) in comparison to control treatments. More specifically, large effects of viral pressure are observed on some specific microbial communities with decreased relative abundance of prokaryotes that dissimilate sulfur compounds and increased relative abundance of Nanoarchaea. Structural equation modeling further highlighted the differential direct and indirect effects of viruses on CO2, N2O, and CH4 emissions. These findings underpin the understanding of the complex microbe‐virus interactions and advance current knowledge on soil virus ecology.
Targeted K‐Edge Nanoprobes From Praseodymium and Hafnium for Ratiometric Tracking of Dual Biomarkers using Spectral Photon Counting CT
Authors: Gunaseelan Nivetha , Moitra Parikshit , Saha Pranay , Aditya Teresa , Moghiseh Mahdieh , Jonker Kevin , Gieseg Steven , Butler Anthony , Kamal Fadia , Pan Dipanjan
Published: October 2024

Utilizing metal nanoprobes with unique K‐edge identities to visualize complementary biological activities simultaneously can provide valuable information about complex biological processes. This study describes the design and preparation of an innovative pair of K‐edge metal nanoprobes and demonstrates the feasibility of their simultaneous quantitative detection using spectral photon‐counting computed tomography (SPCCT). Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) capped nanoparticles (ca. 15–20 nm) targeting two distinct components of the cartilage tissue, namely, aggrecan (acan) and aggrecanase (acanase) are designed and synthesized. These targeted nanoparticles comprised of praseodymium (Pr) and hafnium (Hf), with well‐separated K‐edge energies, enable simultaneous and ratiometric imaging of dual biomarkers in cartilage tissue. Following extensive physico‐chemical characterization of the ligand‐targeted particles, the feasibility of homing dual biomarkers in vitro is demonstrated. The material discrimination and simultaneous quantification of these targeted particles are also achieved and corroborated with inductively coupled plasmon spectroscopy. For the first time, the use of praseodymium is reported as a contrast agent for SPCCT imaging and demonstrates the ability to pair it with hafnium nanoprobes for multicontrast imaging of diseases. Importantly, the potential for ratiometric molecular imaging and tracking of osteoarthritis (OA) progression is shown with SPCCT K‐edge based imaging approach.
Mechanical Grinding Formation of Highly Reversible (002)‐Textured Zinc Metal Anodes
Authors: Zhang Zihao , Xia Shuhang , Dong Anqi , Li Xinjie , Wang Fengmei , Yang Jinyu , Ruan Jiafeng , Li Qin , Sun Dalin , Fang Fang , Liu Yang , Wang Fei
Published: October 2024

The practical applications of zinc metal anode are restricted by detrimental dendrite growth and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), especially at high current densities. Previous works have demonstrated that constructing Zn(002) texture could effectively suppress dendrite growth and HER. However, the surface grain distribution of commercial zinc metal remains indistinct. Herein, a simple mechanical grinding approach is demonstrated to construct (002)‐textured zinc metal anodes. After grinding, the (002) relative texture coefficient of commercial zinc metal increases from 10.58 to 42.28, indicating a significant more (002) planes exposure. As prepared (002)‐textured zinc anode exhibits a high critical current density of 141 mA cm−2 and stably cycles for over 1500 cycles at 50 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2. Benefiting from the stability and fast kinetics of this (002)‐textured zinc anode, the zinc‐ion capacitor achieves a power density of 8500 W kg−1 and long cycle over 10 000 cycles with Coulombic efficiency (CE) exceeding 99.9%. This work provides both fundamental and practical insights for dendrite‐free and HER‐suppressed zinc metal anodes and inspiring guidance for other metal batteries.