bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МИСИОНАРЕЊЕ СРПСКЕ ПРАВОСЛАВНЕ ЦРКВЕ У МЕДИЈИМА
Authors: Броћета Александра
Published: October 2023

Циљ рада је сагледавање заступљености тематике хришћанског учења и мисионарења Српске православне цркве у електронским и штампаним медијима. Да ли и колико црква као вјерска заједница прати научна и техничка достигнућа и да ли на модер- низован начин жели приближити своје учење православним хришћанима и уопште човјечанству, заинтересованом за проширивање вјерских, образовних и читалач- ких видика, показаће истраживање кроз православну литературу и медијске објаве у штампаној и писаној форми. Рад ће анализирати и заступљеност књига и часописа на тематику православне вјере у књижарама, на штандовима књига и на Сајму књиге, као и издавачима, који објављују књиге са наведеном тематиком и посебним освртом на Бањалуку, Београд, Републику Српску, Србију и Црну Гору. Задатак рада је да истражи колико је српска, православна црква заступљена на телевизији. Да ли постоје ТВ канали, који се баве искључиво православном темати- ком? Циља рада је одговорити на наведена и низ других питања у сврху приближавања православне вјероисповијести вјерницима и осталим читаоцима и слушаоцима елек- тронских и штампаних медија.
KORISNIČKO ISKUSTVO KAO KLJUČNO POSLOVNO PODRUČJE PRIMJENE DIGITALNE TRANSFORMACIJE
Authors: Babić Slađana , Bojanić Radmila
Published: October 2023

Digitalna transformacija, kao filozofija poslovanja, značajno je počela da se primjenjuje u svjetskim kompanijama, dok je domaće tržište još uvijek u fazi digitizacije i digitalizacije, te značajno zaostaje za globalnim trendovima. Iako digitalna transformacija uključuje promjene u svim segmentima poslovanja, njeno ključno područje primjene tiče se odnosa sa korisnicima i iskustva koje korisnici stvaraju korištenjem digitalnih tehnologija. Vrijednosti za korisnike koje digitalne tehnologije donose, predstavljaju suštinu digitalne transformacije, a alati digitalne transformacije osnovu za unapređenje odnosa sa korisnicima i time cjelokupnog poslovanja u digitalnom okruženju. Imajući u vidu da se BiH nalazi na samom začelju kada se posmatraju indikatori digitalne transformacije3, posebno indikatori koji se tiču ponude i potražnje digitalnih vještina i upravljanja odnosima sa klijentima kroz korištenje digitalnih tehnologija, cilj rada je da se ukaže na značaj digitalne transformacije kroz njena ključna područja primjene, posebno korisničko iskustvo kao osnov poslovanja velikog dijela privrede u BiH.
Značaj Informacionih tehnologija i INTERNET Inteligentnih uređaja za savremeno poslovanje
Authors: Ilić Biljana , Anđelić Slavica , Krušković Tijana
Published: October 2023

U današnjem vremenu i u savremenim uslovima poslovanja, od krucijalnog značaja za organizacije je da prihvate promene i prilagode se uslovima turbulentnog tržišta i konkurencije. Što se pre organizacije prilagode i uvedu nove inovativne poslovne tehnike, pre će biti konkurentne na tržištu. Informaciono-komunikacione tehnologije igraju glavnu ulugu u svim sferama ljudskog društva, te su kao takve dovele do novih načina komuniciranja, novih ideja, novog načina poslovanja i slično. Može se zaključiti da su savremene tehnologije izvršile uticaj na celokupnu ljudsku zajednicu, unevši raznorazne pogodnosti kako za privatni život tako i za poslovne performanse. U radu će se istaći značaj inteligentnih uređaja za poslovanje, odnosno daće se opšte odrednice i objašnjenje inteligentnih uređaja i infrastrukture koje su u danas u širokoj upotrebi i koje se mogu koristiti za razne potrebe. U veku savremeneih tehnologija, ljudi bi generalno trebali biti maksialno osposobljeni za korišćenje ovih uređaja kako bi iz istih izvukli potencijale koji bi doneli benefite u životu i radu. Od velike je važnosti da zaposleni umeju da iskoriste, a pre svega prepoznaju prednosti i mogućnosti informacionih tehnologija, da usvoje različite načine primene savremenih tehnologija. Savremeni menadžeri u radnim organizacijama su u današnje vreme visoko edukovani i po pravilu obučeni za uspešno korišćenje IT-a, dok radne organizacije - posebno služba za ljudske resurse - maksimalno pruža podršku svojim zaposlenima da usvoje znanja iz oblasti Informacionih tehnologija.
UTICAJ I EFIKASNOST PRIMJENE ZDRAVSTVENOG MENADŽMENTA U ORGANIZACIJI ZDRAVSTVENIH SLUŽBI
Authors: Tešanović Sreten , Kukobat Lazo , Tešanović Sanja
Published: October 2023

Svjedoci smo svakodnevnih primjedbi i nezadovoljstva na funkcionisanje zdravstvene zaštite, što je dovoljan motiv za obavljanje istraživanja u okviru zdravstvenih službi. Sve češće u medijima, štampi, a posebno među pacijentima čuju se primjedbe na lošu organizaciju posla, dugo čekanje na pregled i dijagnostičke procere, neljubaznost ljekara i uopšte medicinskog osoblja, kao i nedovoljno dobijanje informacija o zdravstvenom stanju i liječenju. Navedene probleme je moguće prevazići uspostavljanjem dobre organizacije zdravstvene zaštite. Program zdravstvene njege u različitim dijelovima zdravstene ustanove zahtijeva različit pristup u organizaciji i upravljanju. U ovom radu sagledaće se specifičnosti organizacije i rukovođenja u sestrinstvu u Opštoj bolnici Loznica, u različitim zdravstvenim službama, što predstavlja dodatnu specifičnost provedenog istraživanja. Cilj istraživanja je utvrditi razloge zbog kojih su medicinske sestre u najvećem broju nezadovoljne rukovođenjem i organizacijom rada u zdravstvenim službama i primenom menadžmenta u samoj organizaciji zdravstvenih službi, te istražiti oblike i modele unapređenja sistema zdravstvene zaštite, sa akcentom na menadžment u zdravstvenim službama. svakoj fazi pružanja zdravstvene usluge. Tada bi se svaki od trenutnih problema, prihvatio kao izazov i na njega bi se lakše moglo uticati i djelovati.
EFEKTI UKRUPNJAVANJA BANKARSKOG SEKTORA REPUBLIKE SRPSKE
Authors: Slijepčević Vitomir
Published: October 2023

Banke su, kao osnova finansijskog sistema Republike Srpske, prošle značajan period konsolidacije, a koji je rezultirao trenutnim brojem banaka. Kroz ovo istraživanje obuhvaćen je vremenski okvir od 1999. do 2021. godine u kom su se odvijali značajni procesi: vlasnička transformacija, privatizacija, akvizicije, merdžeri, te prestanak rada mnogih banaka. Primarni zadatak istraživanja je povezati promjene koje su se odrazile na osnovne bankarske agregate sa makroekeonomskim pokazateljima za navedeni period, te utvrditi trendove kretanja. Cilj ovog istraživanja je prikazati efekte navedenih procesa. U radu su korišćene osnovne statističke metode istraživanja, sinteze i analize, komparacije, grafičkog predstavljanja, te apstrahovanja dobijenih rezultata. Provedeno istraživanje pokazalo je da su svi osnovni agregati bankarskog poslovanja značajno rasli i da je bankarski sektor Republike Srpske značajan faktor razvoja zemlje ali i da proces ukrupnjavanja, odnosno smanjenja broja banaka, nije konstantna veličina.
UTICAJ COVID -19 NA SVETSKU EKONOMIJU
Authors: Stojkanović Denis
Published: October 2023

Dugotrajne posledice pandemije koronavirusa po globalnoj ekonomiji dolaze u fokus. Trenutno se sagledava da je pandemija predstavljala najveći sinhronizovani pad globalnog BDP-a u modernoj istoriji, iako su njeni uticaji brzo ublažile vlade koje su se rukovodile lekcijama naučenim iz globalne finansijske krize koje su se zadesile 2009. godine. Ovog puta vlade su mnogo brže uvele stimulativne programe za suzbijanje recesionih sila. Nažalost usled ove nastale situacije neispunjavanje obaveza na vreme uzrokovano je rastućim kamatnim stopama koje bi mogle izazvati paniku na finansijskom tržištu, i koja bi se mogla brzo proširivati s obzirom na ogroman teret duga koji su vlade preuzele. Ekonomije koje su oštećene recesijom morale se snosati sa smanjenim poreskim osnovicama i novim zahtevima za zaduživanjem. Sa druge strane, povećanje rasporeda vakcinacije moglo bi da ubrza pojavu takozvanog imuniteta krda, i ubrzo povrati poverenje investitora i potrošača, zatim da se oslobodi zaostala potražnja i na taj način ubrza oporavak vođenem potražnjom. Opstanak niskih kamatnih stopa i niskih inflacija mogle bi da na neki način produže period u kome su vlade pozicionirane da obezbede suštinsku monetarnu i fiskalnu podršku nacionalnim ekonomijama, dok zeleni izdaci oporavka polako puste korenje. Trenutno postoje znaci da bi benigni period zaduživanja sa niskim kamatama mogao završiti ranije nego što se u početku očekivalo. Nije svaka ekonomska kriza ista. Ponekad je oporavak brz, a ponekad se povlači i godinama.
About the realism of legal realism
Authors: Gorban Vladimir Sergeevich , Gruzdev Vladimir Sergeevich
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the problems of clarifying the nature, content and orientation of legal realism, which has become a popular modern approach to understanding law, primarily related to the history of legal thought in the United States, as well as the works of some Scandinavian authors of the twentieth century. The article demonstrates that legal realism in the interpretation of American and Scandinavian authors often reproduces realism in a peculiar way as a technique of epistemological and ontological nature. As a kind of original paradigm for understanding issues of legal practice and overcoming gaps in legal regulation, American legal realism can be an interesting object of study, however, as a theoretical concept or methodological technique, it has many vulnerabilities, which are especially evident when properly reconstructing the history of legal thought. The novelty of the research lies in highlighting the problems of legal realism from a critical position, both in terms of its name and semantic content. The study draws parallels between the ideas of Marxism about the prospect of the extinction of over-the-top phenomena, such as law, and the slogans of American legal realists about the need to fight theory and conceptualism. New directions and perspectives of the analysis of the history of legal thought of the twentieth century are outlined, which make it possible to more accurately identify the actual scientific and cognitive potential of approaches claiming a realistic understanding of law. It is shown that the requirement of reasonableness and overcoming excessive dogmatism are a cross-cutting theme for the history of legal thought.
Mouthparts of the bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) exhibit poor acuity for the detection of pesticides in nectar
Authors: Parkinson Rachel H. , Scott Jennifer , Dorling Anna L. , Jones Hannah , Haslam Martha , McDermott-Roberts Alex E. , Wright Geraldine A.
Published: October 2023

Bees are important pollinators of agricultural crops, but their populations are at risk when pesticides are used. One of the largest risks bees face is poisoning of floral nectar and pollen by insecticides. Studies of bee detection of neonicotinoids have reported contradictory evidence about whether bees can taste these pesticides in sucrose solutions and hence avoid them. Here, we use an assay for the detection of food aversion combined with single-sensillum electrophysiology to test whether the mouthparts of the buff-tailed bumblebee (
Bombus terrestris
) detect the presence of pesticides in a solution that mimicked the nectar of oilseed rape (
Brassica napus
). Bees did not avoid consuming solutions containing concentrations of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, or sulfoxaflor spanning six orders of magnitude, even when these solutions contained lethal doses. Only extremely high concentrations of the pesticides altered spiking in gustatory neurons through a slight reduction in firing rate or change in the rate of adaptation. These data provide strong evidence that bumblebees cannot detect or avoid field-relevant concentrations of pesticides using information from their mouthparts. As bees rarely contact floral nectar with other body parts, we predict that they are at high risk of unwittingly consuming pesticides in the nectar of pesticide-treated crops.
Assessing Chinese anatomists’ perceptions and attitudes toward blended learning through faculty development training programs
Authors: Cheng Xin , Bai Jian , Pan San-Qiang , Li Yun-Qing , Yang Xuesong
Published: October 2023

Background

As a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the faculty development program has partially shifted to online formats over the past two years, with a specific focus on professional training related to blended learning. The effectiveness of this training is closely tied to the perceptions and acceptability of blended learning among the trainees. This study aims to evaluate the perspectives of educators on blended learning, thereby assessing the efficacy of faculty training programs.

Methods

Anatomical teachers were chosen as a representative sample due to their significant presence among medical science educators. Chinese anatomists were invited to participate in a survey that gauges their attitudes and readiness for blended learning.

Results

A total of 297 responses were collected, covering all provinces in mainland China. The findings from the survey demonstrate that Chinese anatomists hold learning flexibility in the highest regard among the various facets of blended learning. Meanwhile, the presence of a connected learning community emerged as a pivotal factor influencing anatomists’ perceptions, explaining 14.77% of the total variance. Further analysis showed noteworthy disparities in anatomists’ attitudes toward blending learning based on their job titles, mentorship guidance, and support from in-service institutions. Notably, lecturers showed a more pronounced engagement in the connected learning community than teachers with different job titles. Additionally, anatomists who received stronger institutional support showed higher proficiencies in learning management.

Conclusion

This survey revealed that Chinese anatomists attribute considerable value to aspects such as learning flexibility, a connected learning community, and effective learning management within the domain of online/blended learning. Positive attitudes toward blended learning are likely to be nurtured by mentorship and institutional support, subsequently correlating with improved training outcomes. The distinctive characteristics observed among Chinese anatomists in the context of blended learning offers insights to enhance the effectiveness of faculty training programs, thereby facilitating the evolution of future teaching strategies.
Coral spawning patterns of Acropora across two Maldivian reef ecosystems
Authors: Monfared Margaux A.A. , Sheridan Kate , Dixon Simon P. , Gledhill Matthew , Le Berre Thomas
Published: October 2023

Understanding patterns in coral reproductive biology at local and regional scales is crucial to elucidate our knowledge of characteristics that regulate populations and communities. The lack of published data on coral spawning patterns in the Maldives hinders our understanding of coral reproductive biology and limits our ability to assess shifts in reproductive phenology over time. Here we document baseline environmental cues, spawning patterns, exact timings and oocyte development of restored and wild Acropora, inhabiting shallow water reefs, across two Maldivian atolls. A total of 1,200 colonies were recorded spawning across the two sites between October 2021 and April 2023. These colonies represent 22 species of Acropora, with coral spawning observed over an extended period of eight months. This research details exact spawning times of multi-specific spawning, asynchronous spawning and ‘split spawning’ of Acropora, across multiple lunar phases; and highlights the need to consider restored colonies when discussing the sexual reproductive patterns of Maldivian Acropora in the future. Overall, corals spawned earlier in North Male Atoll compared with Baa Atoll. Earlier spawning events were significantly correlated with lower tide depths, wind speeds, daily precipitation and higher sea surface temperatures which helped explain inter-atoll, inter-annual, and intra-annual variations in spawning day. This study contributes to understanding sexual reproductive cycles of Acropora in the Maldives; knowledge that is vital for effective management of a critically endangered ecosystem in a changing climate.
Effectiveness of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccine against Laboratory-confirmed Cases of COVID-19: A Test-negative Case-control Study from Central Kerala, India
Authors: Madhavikutty Geethadevi , Raveendran Ajith , Thomas Ronnie , Murali Asha Joan , Mathew Anju Chempakasseril , Lucas Anupa , Akshayakumar Sobha
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact livelihoods worldwide, and in the absence of specific antivirals, the vaccine remains the main weapon against it. Assessing the effectiveness of vaccines against Coronovirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in practice is crucial as COVID-19 variants continue to emerge, and public health decisions must be supported by scientific risk-benefit considerations. Aim: To determine the Vaccine Effectiveness (VE) of two doses of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Covishield) vaccine in preventing laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A test negative case control design was used to determine the VE in total of 702 individuals which included 351 laboratory confirmed cases using Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and 351 controls who tested negative among those who attended the testing sites of the Urban Family Health Centre of Government Medical College Kottayam, Kerala, India from July 2021 to September 2021. Details regarding vaccination status, sociodemographic factors, symptoms, and co-morbidities were collected from consented and eligible participants. The collected information was entered into a proforma, which was later entered into MS Excel and analysed using R software version 4.1.3. The groups were compared using binary logistic regression to calculate the adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) with adjustment for gender, age group, education, occupation, presence of symptoms, and comorbidity status. VE% was calculated as 100 * (1-aOR). Results: The median age (interquartile range) of cases and control was 44 (33-57) years and 50 (35-60) years, respectively. The VE of two doses of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in protecting against laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 was 87% (95% CI 78-92), with an aOR of 0.13. A separate analysis was conducted to determine the VE among symptomatic individuals, which showed a VE of 89% (95% CI 79-94), with an aOR of 0.11. Conclusion: Two doses of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine are protective against laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19.
Conservative Management of Osteoarthritis with Hypertension and Ischaemic Heart Disease through Ayurvedic Treatment: A Case Report
Authors: Kulkarni Satyajit Pandurang , Kulkarni Pallavi Satyajit
Published: October 2023

The ayurvedic management of osteoarthritis is well known, but the management of arthritis with co-morbidities such as hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, obesity, and lumbar spondylosis through Ayurvedic treatment is yet to be discovered. In the present case, a 50-year-old female presented with complaints of mild to moderate pain in the lower back region, legs, knee joints, and swelling over both knees for five years. She also had a history of hypertension and IHD for 10 years and had been taking Non Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) without any relief. Seeking Ayurvedic treatment, the patient discontinued NSAIDs and underwent Panchakarma for four weeks. The treatment resulted in significant pain relief, improved VAS score, and increased walking distance. The present case report provides a detailed ayurvedic treatment protocol for managing arthritis with co-morbidities such as hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, obesity, and lumbar spondylosis.
Evaluation of the Fracture Resistance Offered by Three Different Intraorifice Barriers on Obturated Teeth: An In-vitro Study
Authors: Mangaonkar Sonam , Foschi Federico , Fernandes Kristlee Sabrin , Chalakkal Paul , Kadam Nilesh , Lambor Rajan
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The mere placement of a restoration after obturation carries the risk of the presence of voids between them. These voids reduce overall strength and allow for leakage. The placement of Intraorifice Barriers (IOB) between the restoration and the obturated material has been known to have several advantages, including the prevention of microleakage, enhancement of strength, and improvement in Fracture Resistance (FR). Aim: To evaluate if, Smart Dentin Replacement (SDR) flow plus, Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement (RMGIC), and Biodentine increase the FR of Endodontically Treated Teeth (ETT) as IOB. Additionally, the study aimed to compare the FR between roots sealed using Endosequence and AH Plus sealers. Materials and Methods: This in-vitro study was carried out in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Goa Dental College and Hospital, Bambolim, Goa, India over a period of four weeks, from October 2020 to November 2020. The study sample consisted of 160 mandibular premolar roots instrumented using ProTaper gold rotary files. These roots were obturated with Gutta Percha (GP) and divided into two groups based on the sealer used (Group I=Endosequence; Group II=AH Plus). Each group was further divided into four subgroups, including a control group, with each subgroup receiving an IOB. FR was tested using a universal testing machine, and the forces were statistically analysed using Two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), One-way ANOVA, and posthoc Bonferroni tests. Results: SDR offered the greatest FR values of 583.08 N and 612.13 N in groups I and II, respectively. Roots sealed with AH Plus showed greater FR than those sealed with Endosequence. In both groups, the differences between IOB and the control group in terms of FR were found to be highly significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: SDR showed the greatest FR when compared with RMGIC and BD as IOB in ETT. Teeth restored with SDR and sealed with AH Plus offered the greatest FR.
Various Anaesthetic Techniques used in the Management of Traumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia: A Series of Three Cases
Authors: Udayakumar Geetha Soundarya , Nunna Haanah Mounika
Published: October 2023

Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is relatively uncommon and occurs most commonly after a road traffic accident (5%). Diaphragmatic rupture is mostly associated with vital organ injuries such as the liver, spleen, lungs, bones, pelvis, and brain, which can be severely damaged. The anaesthetic management of a patient presenting with traumatic diaphragmatic hernia depends on any associated vital organ injuries. Hereby, the author present a case series of three patients with traumatic diaphragmatic hernia with different presentations managed accordingly. In the first case, a 37-year-old male presented with diaphragmatic hernia and cervical spine fracture following a road traffic accident. Awake fibreoptic intubation was performed with utmost care to avoid further injury to the cervical spine. After intubation, positive pressure ventilation was given with low tidal volume to avoid barotrauma and to expand the atelectatic lung. The second case involved a 48-year-old male with a history of falling from a height one week prior, who presented with right-sided diaphragmatic rupture and a liver contusion. Intubation was performed using a left-sided double-lumen tube, and one-lung ventilation was applied to facilitate thoracotomy. A thoracic paravertebral block was administered to alleviate postoperative pain, providing good pain relief. In the third case, a 56-year-old male with a known case of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) presented to the hospital following a road traffic accident. The patient had lung contusion and haemopneumothorax with poor pulmonary reserve, and required emergency surgical repair. Combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia was preferred over general anaesthesia, as intubation may cause bronchospasm and life-threatening complications in COPD patients.
Crafting E-Learning Pathways: A Student's Insight into the Course 'Understanding Disciplines and School Subjects' Offered in Teacher Education in Cuddalore District of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Padmini S. , Ramani Pramila
Published: October 2023

A conceptual framework enhances the understanding of the research problem and facilitates the organisation of the study. Currently, technology is revolutionising education through innovative methods of teaching and learning. E-learning has revolutionised education through online platforms, digital documents, and other electronic resources. In the interest of filling a large void in the existing body of research on the subject, this study focuses on the viewpoints of B.Ed students regarding the usage of e-learning tools for the course ‘Understanding Disciplines and School Subjects’ offered in the B.Ed programme. Study Sample: The researchers chose a sample of 540 students enrolled in the B.Ed. programme at Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University in the Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu in 2023. The study employed a purposive sampling technique. Research Design: This study employed qualitative approaches, utilising surveys as the primary data collection method. The analysis of open-ended questions was conducted through content analysis. Data Collection Tools: The study used an open-ended questionnaire to collect data. It was found that students' replies related to positive and negative points for e-learning were evenly distributed. Eight suggestions were made to enhance the quality of e-learning resource production. Recommendations: To enhance comprehension of "Understanding Disciplines and School Subjects," it is advisable to develop e-learning resources in Indian languages. The e-learning producer's content knowledge and technical expertise are essential.
Response of Onion (Allium cepa L.) to Foliar Application of Nano Urea and Urea
Authors: Dubey Priyanka Mishra , Upadhyay Jagrati , Chowdhury Sayan , Bagare Vijay
Published: October 2023

A field study was conducted during Rabi season 2022at the Horticultural Research Farm, Mangalayatan University, Jabalpur to study the effect of foliar application of nano urea and urea on growth and yield of onion. The experiment was laid out in RBD with three replications and consisted of 9 treatments viz., T1-100% RDF (100:50:50 kg NPK ha1), T2-75:50:50 kg NPK ha-1 + foliar spray of 0.4% nano urea on 30 and 60 DAT, T350:50:50 kg NPK ha-1 + foliar spray of 0.4% nano urea on 30 and 60 DAT, T4-75:50:50 kg NPK ha-1 + foliar spray of 0.4% nano urea on 30 DAT, T5-50:50:50 kg NPK ha-1 + foliar spray of 0.4% nano urea on 30 DAT, T6-75:50:50 kg NPK ha-1 + foliar spray of 0.5% urea on 30 and 60 DAT, T7-50:50:50 kg NPK ha-1 + foliar spray of 0.5% urea on 30 and 60 DAT, T8-75:50:50 kg NPK ha-1 + foliar spray of 1% urea on 30 and 60 DAT, and T9-50:50:50 kg NPK ha-1 + foliar spray of 1% urea on 30 and 60 DAT. Each treatment showed their significant effects on the recorded growth and yield parameters. Among all the treatments, treatment T2 with 25% reduced nitrogen application plus foliar spray of 0.4% nano urea on 30 and 60 DAT recorded maximum plant height on 90 DAT (57.82 cm),number of leaves (9.13), equatorial diameter (5.51 cm), polar diameter (5.17), average bulb weight (69.56 g), bulb yield (336.40 kg) than other treatments.
Evaluation of Different Integrated Disease Management Approaches for Rhizome Rot of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe.) Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith.) under Field Conditions
Authors: Nagaraja H.  , Murali R.  , Narayanaswamy H.
Published: October 2023

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe.,) is a slender herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, medicinally important and commercial spice crop. India is the largest producer of ginger and accounts for about 1/3rd of the total world output. Ginger is grown in Kerala, Karnataka, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim and other parts of India. The production of ginger is greatly influenced by diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, mycoplasma and nematodes. One of the diseases of ginger is bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, which causes yield loss of up to 80 percent. A field experiment was conducted with integrated approaches to manage the ginger rhizome rot caused by R. solanacearum (Smith). The experiment was laid out with a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) including nine treatments and four replications. The experiment results revealed that, rhizome treatment with Streptocycline @ 0.5 g + COC @ 3.0 g/l of water + soil application with neem cake 3q/ha followed by drenching with bleaching powder (33%) @ 2.0 g/l + Metalaxyl MZ @ 1.0 g/lit for water three times at 20 days intervals + Ginger special spray 45 DAS, starting with the initiation of the disease was significantly most effective and recorded a higher yield of 110.27 q/ha with least disease incidence of disease (14.23 %). Integrated management of rhizome rot of ginger through soil solarization revealed that, among the different treatments, the treatment treated with soil solarization + rhizome treatment with Streptocycline @ 0.5 g + Copper Oxy Chloride @ 3.0 g/lit of water + Soil application of Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 10 kg along with 25t FYM /ha recorded higher yield of 115.23 q/ha with less percent disease incidence (8.20 %).
Soybean Bacterial Endophytes against Anthracnose Disease Collected from Karnataka State: An in-vitro Study
Authors: Jaiswal Sapna , Rajput Laxman Singh , Bhatt Jayant , Maheshwari Hemant S. , Sharma Mahaveer Prasad , Kumar Sanjeev , Nataraj Vennampally , Shivakumar M.  , Sharma Rajneesh , Pandey Vibha , Behera Karishma , Mandloi Saloni
Published: October 2023

Endophytes trigger various defence mechanisms within their host plants, engaging primary and secondary protective pathways. This investigation primarily aimed to isolate bacterial endophytes from diverse agroecological regions in Karnataka. Subsequently, these endophytes were assessed for their inhibition against Colletotrichum truncatum using the in-vitro streak plate technique. A total of 43 bacteria isolated from soybean plants and key endophytes showing the inhibition against       C. truncatum were in different zones namely, DHW-9(87%), BID-2(85%), BID-13(85%), BID-14(82.50%), DHW-15(80%), BID-15(75%),and BID-16(75%) exhibited notable efficacy against C. truncatum in decreasing order. Among these, the DHW-9 (Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain P4-32) bacterial endophytes isolated from the North Transition Zone (Dharwad) were highly effective against the pathogen, possibly due to employing many direct and indirect mechanisms. Furthermore, the inhibition potential of the bacterial endophytes varies with and within the place of agroecological zones. In conclusion, it has been observed that the bacterial endophyte DHW-9 inhibited the progression of anthracnose disease caused by C. truncatum in controlled in vitro. Hence, it is imperative to conduct additional experiments, including pot and field studies, to explore its potential to enhance the growth and yield of soybean plants.
Effectiveness of Proximal Massage versus Palm Fisting Exercise on Reducing the Risk of Thrombophlebitis among IV Cannulated Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
Authors: Lobo Diana , Mathaias Jeevitha , George Gritty V , Mathew Hanna Brijith
Published: October 2023

Background: Peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) are frequently used for vascular access cannulation, which is thought to be the most frequent invasive treatment carried out on hospitalized patients. Thrombophlebitis is considered a side effect of chemotherapy due to the drug's chemical actions on the vein wall which  lead to pain, inflammation,  hematoma, thrombosis and embolism . Therefore, in order to find ways to reduce this complication,  the purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of proximal massage versus palm fisting exercise on reducing the risk of thrombophlebitis among IV cannulated patients receiving chemotherapy in selected hospital in Mangalore

Methods: Seventy-five chemotherapy  patients were selected according to inclusion criteria  and assigned randomly to group I (n=25) and group II (n= 25) and group III (n= 25) using coin flip method . The researcher provided massage on the proximal area for group I and group II patients performed palm fisting exercise under the supervision of researcher by squeezing the soft ball where as group III received only routine care. The level of  thrombophlebitis was assessed  in Group I, Group II and Group III using VIP scale after 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours of cannulation. 

Results: The study findings revealed that on  day 3  in the Group I,  most  (88%)  of the samples were with Grade 0 level of thrombophlebitis. While in the, Group II 32% of the samples had Grade 0 level of thrombophlebitis where as in   Group III only 16%   of the samples had Grade 0  level of thrombophlebitis. Differences in thrombophlebitis scores were statistically significant (P<0.001).  

Conclusion: Proximal massage and palm fisting exercises are cost-effective, safe, complementary, non - pharmacological intervention which can be performed by nursing personnel.
Validity of Real Picture Analysis (RPA) Based Student Worksheet to Improve Junior High School Students' Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Wicaksono Iwan , Sutarto  , Hariyadi Slamet , Hariani Sulifah Apriliyah , Siswati Bea Hana , Indrawati
Published: October 2023

The science learning process in junior high school has now been encouraged to give teachers more freedom in developing learning and is more flexible. Teachers need Student Worksheet which can facilitate the learning process with more flexibility regarding the material, both for material with a lot of theoretical reading and material. assignment of experimental projects and problem solving. Student Worksheet will be more optimal if it is developed with an approach that involves students thinking through Real Picture Analysis (RPA) so that students are able to generate learning motivation and enliven an interactive classroom atmosphere. RPA is an activity for students to determine interpretations and provide assessments through image media in the form of photography of science events in their environment. The aim of this research is to examine RPA-based Student Worksheet to improve junior high school students' critical thinking skills with validity. The type of research used is Research and Development research. This research and development methodology is closely related to RPA-based Student Worksheet to improve students' critical thinking skills. Validation activities through Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The development model in this research refers to the 4D (four-D) research and development model. The 4D research and development model consists of 4 main stages, namely define, design, develop and disseminate. The validation results for material substance got a percentage of 90% in the valid category, learning design got a percentage of 87% in the valid category, and the use of Student Worksheet got a percentage of 99% in the valid category. The development of RPA-based Student Worksheet considers the elements of writing, the hierarchy of material in the form of photography and the selection of questions as efficient and effective stimuli that can direct students to improve their critical thinking skills.
Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in US Women Veterans vs Civilians
Authors: Ebrahimi Ramin , Yano Elizabeth M. , Alvarez Carlos A. , Dennis Paul A. , Shroyer A. Laurie , Beckham Jean C. , Sumner Jennifer A.
Published: October 2023

Importance

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in the US. Women veterans have higher rates of CVD compared with civilian US women; however, analyses of recent trends in mortality from cardiac disease for women veterans are lacking.

Objective

To investigate trends in cardiac disease mortality among women veterans over approximately the past 2 decades and compare rates with those for civilian women.

Design, Setting, and Participants

In this retrospective longitudinal cohort study, US Veterans Health Administration (VHA) electronic health record data, linked with the National Death Index, were analyzed for CVD trends and rates of cardiac disease mortality among women veterans (aged 18 years or older) with VHA health care encounters from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2017. These data were compared with a national cohort of civilian women (aged 15 years or older) in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database, which provides cause-of-death data using death certificates for all US residents. The data analysis was performed between March 10, 2021, and November 28, 2022.

Exposure

Cardiac disease mortality among women veterans and civilian women.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Cardiac disease mortality was based on International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision diagnostic codes (I00-I09, I11, I13, and I20-I51 as defined by CDC WONDER). For women veterans and civilian women, crude and age-adjusted cardiac disease mortality rates (per 100 000 life-years) and 95% CIs were calculated, with the 2000 US general population as the reference for age-adjusted rates.

Results

From 2000 to 2017, 817 912 women veterans engaged with VHA health care (mean [SD] age, 45.7 [17.1] years), and 19 022 cardiac disease deaths were identified (22.4% of total deaths). The crude and age-adjusted cardiac disease mortality rates, respectively, per 100 000 life-years were 200.2 (95% CI, 181.0-221.0) and 197.6 (95% CI, 175.2-222.0) in 2000 and 196.0 (95% CI, 186.1-206.4) and 208.1 (95% CI, 196.4-220.4) in 2017, reflecting stable crude rates and a 5.3% increase in age-adjusted rates. For civilian women, the crude and age-adjusted rates decreased over time from 320.7 (95% CI, 319.7-321.8) and 268.1 (95% CI, 267.3-269.0) in 2000 to 220.9 (95% CI, 220.1-221.7) and 164.7 (95% CI, 164.1-165.3) in 2017.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study comparing women veterans and civilian women, cardiac disease mortality rates for women veterans did not exhibit the improvements seen for civilian women during the nearly 2-decade study period. Further research and actionable clinical interventions are warranted to improve cardiovascular care for women veterans, who represent the fastest growing group of patients within the VHA health care system.
Sociodemographic Disparities and Hearing-Related Quality of Life in Children With Hearing Loss
Authors: Warren Brooke R. , Khalsa Inderpreet Kaur , Stephans Jihyun , Chan Dylan K.
Published: October 2023

This cohort study assesses the association of sociodemographic differences with quality of life in deaf and hard-of-hearing children and adolescents in the US.
How Antiscience Creates Confusion About the Diagnosis of Abusive Head Trauma
Authors: Leventhal John M. , Asnes Andrea G. , Otterman Gabriel J.
Published: October 2023

This Viewpoint exposes the antiscience and misinformation used to generate skepticism about abusive head trauma in young children, putting this vulnerable population at risk.
Mass Spectrometry for Peptide and Protein Analysis
Authors: Duncan Mark W. , Gibson David S.
Published: October 2023

Mass spectrometry is playing an increasingly important role in the characterization and quantification of peptides and proteins. In fact, more conventional approaches to characterization, including techniques such as Edman sequencing andamino acid(AA) analysis, have been largely displaced. Mass analysis – typically following eithermatrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization(MALDI) orelectrospray ionization(ESI) – offers rapid molecular mass determinations with high mass accuracy on subpicomole amounts of material and information can be obtained on the constituents of complex mixtures.

The application oftandem mass spectrometry(MS/MS) allows fragmentation of peptide ions, and also of proteins. The MS/MS spectra of peptides and proteins can be interpreted de novo or matched against database entries to provide partial amino acid sequence information and peptide/protein identification. Both peptide‐centric (bottom‐up) and protein‐centric (top‐down) approaches to protein characterization have been adopted and are now routinely applied.

Mass spectrometry has also been pivotal to the development, evolution, and wide application of proteomics: i.e. the large‐scale identification of the proteins present in a complex biological sample. Proteomics is now routinely applied to characterize and quantify the constituents of complex biological tissues and fluids.

This article describes the available approaches to peptide and protein characterization based onmass spectrometry(MS), the constantly evolving analytical methods for proteomics, and available strategies for protein quantification.
Novel Approach of Diffusion‐Controlled Sequential Reduction to Synthesize Dual‐Atomic‐Site Alloy for Enhanced Bifunctional Electrocatalysis in Acidic and Alkaline Media
Authors: Wang Guowei , Zhang Manchen , Zhang Guikai , Wang Zelin , Chen Xu , Ke Xiaoxing , Wang Changhao , Chu Shengqi , Sui Manling
Published: October 2023

The tailoring of active sites is closely related to the substrate. Dual‐atom catalysts (DACs) have been achieved on doped carbon, oxides, and 2D materials, but are rarely reported on metals, due to the challenges of sintering and alloying using metal as the host. Herein, an innovative approach to anchor isolated single atoms as dual‐atomic‐site alloy (DASA) through two‐step pyrolysis of porous structure is proposed. Firstly, the role of Zn and Co in generating pores during the pyrolysis of zeolite imidazolate framework (ZIFs) is revealed, and a hierarchical porous structure with self‐supported Co particles is achieved by the first‐step pyrolysis. Diffusion‐controlled reduction of precursors containing target metals is then allowed through hierarchical structures by second‐step pyrolysis, so to address the challenge of sintering and alloying at pyrolysis of high temperatures. The approach is demonstrated by synthesizing Ir1Ni1@Co/N‐C DASA, with outstanding bifunctional oxygen reduction/evolution reaction (ORR/OER) performance in both acidic and alkaline media, which is rarely reported. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations represent that adsorption‐free energies of intermediates OH and O are regulated to nearly 0 eV by Ir1 and Ni1 on Co. This work demonstrates a new path of constructing DASA using the designed porous structure, inspiring catalysts design in a related field.
Dual‐Functional Electrodes for High‐performance Lithium–Sulfur Cells
Authors: Geng Zeyu , Meng Ting , Ma Fei , Qin Wencheng , Wang Xiaohan , Zhang Haifeng , Guan Cao
Published: October 2023

At present, the commercial application of Li─S cells is impeded by many challenging issues, especially the shuttle effect of dissolved lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and severe dendritic growth. Applying a sole kind of host material owing dual functions, including inhibiting LiPSs dissolution/shuttling andguiding Li plating/stripping, has recently become a prospective solution. Currently, a systematic review of advanced dual‐functional electrodes aiming at the cathode and anode side simultaneously is scarce. Herein, this review points at such dual‐functional electrodes and summarizes the recent progress from the select host materials to designs. First, the rough challenges and ordinary solutions on the single side of the Li─S cell are illustrated. Then, the potentials of different materials to dual‐functional electrodes are discussed, such as carbon‐based materials, single‐atom catalysts (SACs), transition metal compounds (TMCs), heterostructure hybrids (HHs), and polymers. After that, the design methods for dual‐functional electrodes with high performance are explored and summarized by slurry‐coating and self‐supporting (electrospinning (ES), 3D printing (3DP), solvent method (SM), chemistry vapor deposition (CVD) and vacuum filtration (VF)). Besides, the possibility of applying the dual‐functional electrodes to other metal‐sulfur cells is discussed. Finally, design principles and prospects in dual‐functional electrodes for future research and commercial application are proposed as guidelines.
Transition Metal Carbides: Emerging CO2 Hydrogenation Catalysts, from Recent Advance to Future Exploration
Authors: Wang Li , Wang Haiyan , Huang Helong , Yun Tianqi , Song Chunshan , Shi Chuan
Published: October 2023

Transition metal carbides (TMCs) have emerged as highly intriguing materials for CO2 hydrogenation, primarily due to their excellent ability on CO2 adsorption and activation, strong metal‐support interaction (SMSI), as well as the engineered metal/TMCs or TMCs/substrate interfaces for fine‐tuning of activity and selectivity. In this review, the strategies of modulating the structure and properties of TMCs to attain desirable products in CO2 hydrogenation are discussed from the following perspectives: 1) Manipulation of metal/C ratios or atomic arrangements; 2) Incorporation of heteroatom on TMCs to construct TMCs composites; 3) Enhancement of TMC nanoparticles dispersion; 4) In situ generation of TMCs induced by reactions. Such strategies in TMC structural engineering are key factors affecting the catalytic behaviors of TMCs and provide fundamental understanding and guidance for the future application of TMCs in CO2 hydrogenation.
Microfluidically Aligned Collagen to Maintain the Phenotype of Tenocytes In Vitro
Authors: Giacomini Francesca , Baião Barata David , Suk Rho Hoon , Tahmasebi Birgani Zeinab , van Blitterswijk Clemens , Giselbrecht Stefan , Truckenmüller Roman , Habibović Pamela
Published: October 2023

Tendon is a highly organized tissue that transmits forces between muscle and bone. The architecture of the extracellular matrix of tendon, predominantly from collagen type I, is important for maintaining tenocyte phenotype and function. Therefore, in repair and regeneration of damaged and diseased tendon tissue, it is crucial to restore the aligned arrangement of the collagen type I fibers of the original matrix. To this end, a novel, user‐friendly microfluidic piggyback platform is developed allowing the controlled patterned formation and alignment of collagen fibers simply on the bottom of culture dishes. Rat tenocytes cultured on the micropatterns of aligned fibrous collagen exhibit a more elongated morphology. The cells also show an increased expression of tenogenic markers at the gene and protein level compared to tenocytes cultured on tissue culture plastic or non‐fibrillar collagen coatings. Moreover, using imprinted polystyrene replicas of aligned collagen fibers, this work shows that the fibrillar structure of collagen per se affects the tenocyte morphology, whereas the biochemical nature of collagen plays a prominent role in the expression of tenogenic markers. Beyond the controlled provision of aligned collagen, the microfluidic platform can aid in developing more physiologically relevant in vitro models of tendon and its regeneration.