bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes Addressed by Whole-Body Electromyostimulation and Belt Electrode-Skeletal Muscle Electrical Stimulation Trials in Middle Aged to Older Adults – an Evidence Map
Authors: Le Yen Hai , Schoene Daniel , Kohl Matthias , Von Stengel Simon , Uder Michael , Kemmler Wolfgang
Published: March 2024

Due to its time effective, joint friendly and highly customizable character whole-body-electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) is regarded as a feasible solution for a large variety of training issues particularly in the area of non-athletic application. To identify gaps in research and summarize prevalent evidence we conducted an evidence map on outcomes addressed by WB-EMS trials in middle-aged to older, non-athletic adults. Based on a comprehensive systematic search in five databases and two study registers according to PRISMA, 54 projects published in 80 articles were included. More than 90% of the studies reported outcomes related to the physical fitness or function domain. Body composition parameters were addressed by two thirds of the projects. Health-related outcomes addressed by WB-EMS included cancer/neoplasm (n=7), endocrine regulation (n=8), glucose metabolism (15), nervous system diseases (n=2), cardiovascular system diseases (n=22), non-specific chronic low back pain (n=4), osteopenia (n=5) and diseases of the renal system (n=12). Outcomes related to inflammation were addressed 18 times. Of importance, no studies reported clinically relevant adverse effects related to the WB-EMS intervention. In summary, while considerable evidence on outcomes related to fitness/function and body composition is prevalent, evidence gaps of WB-EMS research were particular evident for diseases of the nervous and cerebrovascular system.
Potential Roles of Specific Subclasses of Premotor Interneurons in Spinal Cord Function Recovery after Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in Adults
Authors: Dominguez-Bajo Ana , Clotman Frédéric
Published: March 2024

The differential expression of transcription factors during embryonic development has been selected as the main feature to define the specific subclasses of spinal interneurons. However, recent studies based on single-cell RNA sequencing and transcriptomic experiments suggest that this approach could not be appropriate in the adult spinal cord, where interneurons show overlapping expression profiles, especially in the ventral region. This constitutes a major challenge for the identification and direct targeting of specific populations that could be involved in locomotor recovery after a traumatic spinal cord injury in adults. Current experimental therapies including electrical stimulation, training, pharmacological treatments, or cell implantation that resulted in improvements in locomotor behaviour, rely on the modulation of the activity and connectivity of interneurons located in the surroundings of the lesion core for the formation of detour circuits. However, very few publications clarify the specific identity of these cells. In this work, we review the studies where premotor interneurons were able to create new intraspinal circuits after different kinds of traumatic spinal cord injury, highlighting the difficulties encountered by researchers to classify these populations.
5th Order Multivariate Edgeworth Expansions for Parametric Estimates
Authors: Withers Christopher
Published: March 2024

The only cases where exact distributions of estimates are known is for samples from exponential families, and then only for special functions of the parameters. So statistical inference was traditionally based on the asymptotic normality of estimates. To improve on this we need the {\it Edgeworth expansion} for the distribution of the standardized estimate. This is an expansion in $n^{-1/2}$ about the normal distribution, where $n$ is typically the sample size. The 1st few terms of this expansion were originally given for the special case of a sample mean. In earlier work we derived it for {\it any } standard estimate, hugely expanding its application. We call an estimate $\hat{w}$ of an unknown vector $w\in R^p$, a {\it standard estimate}, if $E\ \hat{w}\rightarrow w$ as $n\rightarrow \infty$, and for $r\geq 1$ the $r$th order cumulants of $\hat{w}$ have magnitude $n^{1-r}$ and can be expanded in $n^{-1}.$ Here we give another huge extension. We give the expansion of the distribution of {\it any smooth function} of $\hat{w}$, say $t(\hat{w})\in R^q,$ giving its distribution to $n^{-5/2}$. We do this by showing that $t(\hat{w})$, is a standard estimate of $t(w)$. This provides far more accurate approximations for the distribution of $t(\hat{w})$ than its asymptotic normality. %NOT USED: The building blocks of the Edgeworth expansions are the {\it cumulant coefficients } of the estimate. These cumulant coefficients are also needed for bias reduction, Bayes estimates and confidence regions. We give {\it chain rules} for the cumulant coefficients of $t(\hat{w})$ in terms of those of $\hat{w}$ and the derivatives of $t(w)$, up to those needed for 5th order Edgeworth expansions for $t(\hat{w})$ and its {\it tilted expansion}, useful for the tail of the distribution.
Recent Advances in Pathology of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Choi Joon Hyuk , Thung Swan N.
Published: March 2024

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICCA) is a malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by biliary differentiation within the liver. ICCA is molecularly heterogeneous and exhibits a broad spectrum of histopathological features. It is a highly aggressive carcinoma with high mortality and poor survival rates. ICCAs are classified into two main subtypes: small duct type and large duct types. These two tumor types have different cell origins and clinicopathological features. ICCAs are characterized by numerous molecular alterations, including mutations in KRAS, TP53, IDH1/2, ARID1A, BAP1, BRAF, SAMD4, and EGFR, and FGFR2 fusion. Two main molecular subtypes–inflammation and proliferation–have been proposed. Recent advances in high-throughput assays using next-generation sequencing have improved our understanding of ICCA pathogenesis and molecular genetics. The diagnosis of ICCA poses a significant challenge for pathologists because of its varied morphologies and phenotypes. Accurate diagnosis of ICCA is essential for effective patient management and prognostic determination. This article provides an updated overview of ICCA pathology, focusing particularly on molecular features, histological subtypes, and diagnostic approaches.
Determining the Meter of Classical Arabic Poetry Using Deep Learning: A Performance Analysis
Authors: Mutawa A.M. , Alrumaih Ayshah
Published: March 2024

Classical Arabic poetry is a form of Arabic literature, and almost every piece of Arabic poetry follows one of the 16 meters. The rhythmic framework of the poems or the verses is called meters. The deep learning (DL) model was implemented using TensorFlow in this work using a large dataset of Arabic poetry. The character level encoding was used to convert text to integers for classifying the full-verse and half-verse data. The study evaluates the data without removing diacritics from the text. The train-test-split method with a 70-15-15 split was employed for classification. 15% of the total data was considered unseen test data for all models. The work was conducted with multiple deep learning models, including the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), and Bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM). The Bi-LSTM model shows the best accuracy of all the models specified, with 97.53% for full-verse and 95.23% for half-verse without removing diacritic data.
The Probiotic Paradox: Thriving in High-Hopped Sour Beer Bitter
Authors: Herkenhoff Marcos Edgar
Published: March 2024

The global craft beer market is witnessing substantial growth, with a particular spotlight on sour beers. These unique brews are created through lactic fermentation initiated by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). However, the presence of hops, renowned for their antimicrobial properties, can pose a limitation within the realm of sour beer production. This research aims to explore and assess the potential of sour beer as a probiotic beverage. It involves a comparative analysis of the viability of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei F19 (F19) and 431 (L431) in a sour beer with an International Bitterness Unit (IBU) value of 26.65, alongside examining the ex-pression of genes such as horA, horB, horC, hitA, bsrA, and recA, which are associated with hop resistance. The study encompasses the development of two formulations of sour beers characterized by both high hop content and a robust probiotic count (8.44 – 8.77 log CFU/mL). The findings suggest that both probiotic strains of F19 and L431, are well-suited to produce sour beers with elevated hop levels, demonstrating excellent stability. Notably, the expression of genes responsible for hops resistance exhibited distinct modulation patterns among the two strains. It appears that a higher concentration of bsrA, as observed in strain L431, may be more effective in mitigating the effects of hop-related stress, potentially surpassing the combined expression of horA and bsrA. Nonetheless, further research is essential to validate this observation in gene expression. F19 and L431 emerge as promising candidates for the development of sour beers with increased hop intensity.
Feature Selection Enhancement to Evaluate Attack Detection in the Internet of Things Environment
Authors: Harahsheh Khawlah , Al-Naimat Rami , Chen Chung-Hao
Published: March 2024

The rapid evolution of technology has given rise to a connected world, where billions of devices interact seamlessly, forming what is known as the Internet of Things (IoT). While IoT offers incredible convenience and efficiency, it presents a significant challenge in cybersecurity and is characterized by various power, capacity, and computational process limitations. Machine learning techniques are employed within Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to enhance their capabilities in identifying and responding to security threats. The key features selected to improve IDS efficiency and reduce dataset size, thereby decreasing the time required for attack detection, are drawn from the extensive network dataset. This paper introduces an enhanced feature selection method designed to reduce the computational overhead on IoT resources while simultaneously strengthening intrusion detection capabilities within the IoT environment. Experimental results based on the InSDN dataset demonstrate that our proposed methodology achieves the highest accuracy with the fewest number of features and low computational cost. Specifically, we attain a 99.99% accuracy with 11 features and a computational time of 0.8599 seconds.
Integrated Transcriptomic and Proteomic Study of the Mechanism of Action of the Novel Small Molecule Positive Allosteric Modulator SPAM1 of PAC1-R for the Treatment of D-gal-Induced Aging Mice
Authors: Liang Lili , Chen Shang , Su Wanlin , Zhang Huahua , Yu Rongjie
Published: March 2024

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor 1 (PAC1-R) has a higher affinity for pituitary adenylate cyclase- activating polypeptide (PACAP) than for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). PACAP exerts its neuroprotective effects through PAC1-R. PAC1-R has become a target for drug development, and we targeted PAC1-R to screen small positive allosteric modulator 1 (SPAM1). SPAM1 has a neuroprotective effects, and in the D-galactose (D-gal) mouse model, SPAM1 improved the structure of the hippocampal dentate gyrus and restored the number of neurons. Compared with D-gal model mice, SPAM1 treatment upregulated the expression of Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) and Lamin B1, and downregulated the expression of YinYang 1 (YY1) and p16. Consistent with this, the same results were obtained in senescent RGC-5 cells. Meanwhile, SPAM1 was also found to up-regulate SIRT6 and down-regulate YY1 expression in normal RGC-5 cells. Then, we further explored the mechanism of SPAM1 neuroprotection by whole transcriptome sequencing and proteomic analysis, and found that SPAM is involved in the longevity regulating pathway, and confirmed the up-regulation of neurofilament light polypeptide and neurofilament medium polypeptide by western blot, thus laying a pharmacological foundation for SPAM1 as a therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases. polypeptide and neurofilament medium polypeptide. Thus, it lays a pharmacological foundation for SPAM1 as a therapeutic drug for neurodegenerative diseases.
An Investigation into the Distribution of Fluctuating Wind Pressure and Associated Probabilistic Characteristics of Low-Rise Buildings Impacted by the Gap between the Hillside and the Building
Authors: Zhong Min , Wang Chao , Lin Minghui , Lu Junyu , Wang Xiangjun
Published: March 2024

In China's mountainous coastal terrain, the storm badly damaged low-rise buildings. At present, it is not clear how the relative position of buildings and mountains affects the surface of a low-rise building’s fluctuating coefficient. The study compared these results with the wind pressure distribution without the surrounding environment. The primary objective of this study is to examine the fluctuating coefficient variation rule based on the spacing between hillsides and buildings under 0° wind angle. Additionally, the study analyzes the fluctuating wind pressure coefficient across wind angles between 0°~90°. The distribution of wind pressure in different common hillside landforms was examined through a wind tunnel experiment, which also compared with the distribution in an open environment. The study examined the fluctuating coefficient as the distance between the building and the hillside changed, specifically for wind blowing at a 0° angle. Next, an analysis is conducted on the changing pattern of the fluctuating coefficient for low-rise buildings ranging from a wind angle of 0° to 90°. Simultaneously, the investigation examined the power spectrum and wind pressure’s probability distribution, while considering the proximity of the building to an adjacent hill. The findings indicated that the changing wind pressure factor on the surface of the structure differed based on the relative location of the hillside and the building. The roof's wind pressure coefficient fluctuated and gradually increased until it reached its peak, unaffected by the surroundings. The low-frequency energy decreased in windward eaves, while the high-frequency energy progressively rose as the distance between the hillside and the building increased. The wind pressure on the leeward side exhibited Gaussian characteristics in its probability distribution.
Veiled to Express: Uncovering the Effect of Mask Wearing on Voice Behavior in the Workplace
Authors: Cui Ziyan , Liu Yangjie , Sun Xiaoxiao , Shang Zhe , Xu Minya
Published: March 2024

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, mask-wearing has become a widespread phenomenon. Even after the pandemic, people continue to maintain the habit of wearing masks in their daily lives. While existing research has explored how mask-wearing can influence wearers’ behavior in everyday life, its effects in the workplace have received less attention. Drawing on self-perception theory, this study examined the positive effect of mask-wearing in the workplace on wearers’ voice behavior via psychological safety. An online experiment (N = 291) using a within-subject manipulation of wearing masks supported our hypotheses. This study uncovered the psychological and behavioral consequences of mask-wearing beyond its benefits in people’s health conditions and everyday life.
Impact of Fruit Load on the Replenishment Dynamics of Internal Water Reserves in Olive Trees
Authors: Kokkotos Efthymios , Zotos Anastasios , Triantafyllidis Vassilios , Patakas Angelos
Published: March 2024

This study examined the impact of differences in fruit load of olive trees on the rate of stem refilling. The experiment was conducted in a commercial olive orchard over the consecutive years of 2021 and 2022, during which the biennial bearing cycle of olive trees resulted in minimal fruit production in 2021 and maximal production in 2022. The rate of stem refilling was determined by quantifying the differences in water volume traversing the apex and base of the principal branches of experimental trees using sap flow sensors. Concurrent measurements of tree water status were also conducted using psychrometers, while soil moisture content dynamics were continuously recorded. Results indicate that alternate bearing significantly influences the stem refilling process, while soil moisture availability also plays a pivotal role. Water reserves were more intensively utilized during the year of full production (“ON” year) primarily to fulfill the water demands of developing fruits. This replenishment occurred in various periods during the day, including early morning, afternoon, and night, when stomatal conductance measurements indicated stomatal closure. The study suggests a more intense replenishment of reserves during the night in "ON" year trees, irrespective of soil moisture, water vapor pressure deficit, or phenological fruit development stage.
Review on the Minimally Extended Varying Speed of Light Model
Authors: Lee Seokcheon
Published: March 2024

It has been known that dimensional constants such as ℏ, c, G, e, and k are merely human constructs whose values and units vary depending on the chosen system of measurement. Therefore, the time variation of dimensional constants lacks operational significance due to their dependence on them. It is well-structured and represents a valid discussion. However, this fact only becomes a meaningful debate within the context of a static or present universe. As well-established theoretically and observationally, the current universe is undergoing accelerated expansion, wherein dimensional quantities, like the wavelength of light, also experience redshift phenomena elongating over cosmic time. In other words, in an expanding universe, dimensional quantities of physical parameters vary with cosmic time. From this perspective, there exists the possibility that dimensional constants, such as the speed of light, could vary with the expansion of the universe. In this review paper, we contemplate under what circumstances the speed of light may change or remain constant over cosmic time, and discuss the potential for distinguishing these cases observationally.
An Investigative Analysis of Therapeutic Strategies in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Examination of 23 Biopsy-Confirmed Cases Emphasizing the Significance of Histopathological Insights
Authors: Grasu Mugur Cristian , Dumitru Radu , Zgura Anca , Toma Letitia , Iliescu Laura , Baciu Cosmin
Published: March 2024

Background: The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) combines standardized terminology with a classification system for imaging findings in patients with HCC, therefore rendering diagnostic biopsy unnecessary in many cases. This retrospective study included 23 patients with a biopsy diagnosis of HCC, performed either before or after local interventional procedures, in order to evaluate the histopathologic changes induced by previous procedures and their potential influence on the response to immune therapy. Material and Methods: The study encompassed a cohort of patients diagnosed with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Diagnosis was established through contrast-enhanced computer tomography or magnetic resonance imaging that identified LI-RADS-5 nodules in conjunction with historical liver disease and elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, or through histological examination confirming positivity for glypican3, heat shock protein70, and glutamine synthetase. The study detailed the liver disease etiology, LI-RADS scores, characteristics and dimensions of HCC nodules, serum AFP concentrations, Edmondson-Steiner grading, and the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in the tumor cells. Results: Among the study's cohort of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) patients, a portion had not received any prior treatments, while the remainder experienced local HCC recurrence following trans-arterial chemoembolization or radiofrequency ablation. Observations indicated elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels in those who had not undergone any previous interventions, showing statistical significance. The Edmondson-Steiner classification predominantly identified grade III differentiation across patients, irrespective of their treatment history. Furthermore, an increase in intra-tumoral programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression was noted in patients who had not been subjected to previous therapies. Conclusion: Liver biopsy offers valuable insights for patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), assisting in the tailoring of immune therapy strategies, particularly in cases of recurrence following prior local interventions.
Regional Health Divides: Understanding Inequities in Late Diagnosis of HIV in Tajikistan
Authors: Alaei Kamiar , Kwan Brian , Torabzadeh Hamid R. , Akinwalere Adebimpe O. , Saydamirovich Sattorov S. , Mohsinzoda Gafur , Alaei Arash
Published: March 2024

HIV early detection (CD4 counts ≥350 cells/μL) is correlated with higher life expectancy among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Several factors including physical, cultural, structural, and financial barriers have contributed to HIV late detection. This is the first-of-its-kind study on the regional differences in early detection of HIV within Tajikistan and any country in the Central Asia region. Utilizing Tajikistan Ministry of Health's national HIV data (N=10,700) spanning 2010 to 2023, we developed median regression models with median CD4 cell count as the outcome and as predictors: time (years), region, age, gender, and area (urban/rural status). Individuals younger than 19 years old are more likely to be detected early for HIV, whereas those older than 39 years are more prone to late detection. Given their active engagement in age-related and sexual activities, those older than 39 years face a higher risk of HIV transmission to others if diagnosed late. Therefore, they require further attention and targeted interventions. Females are detected earlier compared to their male counterparts, regardless of region of residence. Rural populations are detected earlier in most years compared to their urban counterparts. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated HIV early detection in 2021 but most regions have returned to near pre-pandemic levels of detection in 2022 and 2023. These fluctuations in early detection may signify a shift in attention and resource allocation, potentially affecting efforts to address access gaps during the initial year of the COVID-19 pandemic. There are significant health inequities among different demographic and geographic groups which warrant further attention.
Biomarkers for Managing Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Cheslow Lara , Snook Adam E. , Waldman Scott A.
Published: March 2024

Neurological disorders are the leading cause of cognitive and physical disability worldwide, affecting 15% of the global population. Due to the demographics of aging, the prevalence of neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, will double over the next two decades. Unfortunately, while available therapies provide symptomatic relief for cognitive and motor impairment, there is an urgent unmet need to develop disease-modifying therapies that slow the rate of pathological progression. In that context, biomarkers could identify at-risk and prodromal patients, monitor disease progression, track response to therapy, and parse causality of molecular events to identify novel targets for further clinical investigation. Thus, identifying biomarkers that discriminate between diseases and reflect specific stages of pathology would catalyze the discovery and development of therapeutic targets. This review will describe the prevalence, known mechanisms, ongoing or recently concluded therapeutic clinical trials, and biomarkers of three of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Parkinson’s disease (PD).
The Role of Digitalization Towards a More Sustainable Procurement – A Case Study From Portugal
Authors: Simões Adriana , Madureira Raquel Castro , Amorim Marlene
Published: March 2024

This study presents a systematic review of the impact of Industry 4.0, digitalization, and information systems on the procurement function with a focus on the Portuguese reality. Despite global trends emphasizing digital transformation and innovation, the procurement practices in Portugal seem to lag. The adoption of cutting-edge technologies and the comprehensive integration of digital solutions within the procurement and supply chain management sector are yet to materialize fully in the Portuguese SME context. The benefits and obstacles of these technologies in transitioning procurement into a more strategic role are analyzed. By examining existing literature, critical factors for organizations to consider when implementing these technologies and the potential benefits are identified. The results indicate that digitalization has resulted in a data-driven approach to procurement, with the aid of advanced analytics and artificial intelligence for decision-making. Industry 4.0 has facilitated smarter factories, warehouses, and logistics operations with a focus on automation, connectivity, and real-time data. Procurement can more efficiently manage suppliers, track contracts, identify cost-saving opportunities, and increase sustainability with the aid of information systems. The study also highlights potential challenges for organizations. Overall, this study provides insightful findings on the role of digitalization in transforming procurement and the challenges and opportunities that organizations may face.
Security and Ownership in User Defined Data Meshes
Authors: Pingos Michalis , Christodoulou Panayiotis , Andreou Andreas S.
Published: March 2024

Data Meshes is an approach to data architecture and organization that treats data as a product and focuses on decentralizing data ownership and access. It has recently emerged as a field that presents quite a few challenges related to data ownership, governance, security, monitoring, and observability. To address these challenges, this paper introduces an innovative algorithmic framework leveraging data blueprints to enable the dynamic creation of Data Meshes and Data Products in response to user requests, ensuring that stakeholders will have access to specific portions of the Data Mesh as needed. Ownership and governance concerns are addressed through a unique mechanism involving Blockchain and Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs). This facilitates secure and transparent transfer of data ownership, with the ability to mint time-based NFTs. By combining these advancements with the fundamental tenets of Data Meshes, this research offers a comprehensive solution to the challenges surrounding data ownership and governance. It empowers stakeholders to navigate the complexities of data management within a decentralized architecture, ensuring a secure, efficient, and user-centric approach to data utilization. The proposed framework is demonstrated using real-world data from a poultry meat production factory.
L-theanine Prolongs the Lifespan by Activating Multiple Molecular Mechanisms in UVC Exposed C. elegans
Authors: Chen Liangwen , Chen Guijie , Gai Tingting , Zhou Xiuhong , Zhu Jinchi , Wang Ruiyi , Wang Xuemei , Guo Yujie , Wang Yun , Xie Zhongwen
Published: March 2024

L-theanine, a unique non-protein amino acid, is an important bioactive component of green tea. Previous studies have shown that L-theanine has many potent health benefits, such as anti-anxiety effect, regulation of immune response, relaxing neural tension, reducing oxidative damage, etc. However, little is known concerning whether L-theanine can improve the clearance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage in organisms. Here, we reported that L-theanine treatment increased ATP production and improved mitochondrial morphology to extend the lifespan of UVC-exposed nematodes. Mechanistic investigations showed that L-theanine treatment enhanced the removal of mtDNA damage and extended lifespan by activating autophagy, mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) to up-regulate the expression of related genes in UVC-exposed nematodes. In addition, L-theanine treatment also up-regulated the expression of mitochondrial energy metabolism related genes in UVC-exposed nematodes. Our study provided a theoretical basis for the possibility that healthy tea drinking may prevent mitochondrial related diseases.
Drosophila melanogaster as a Bioindicator in Comparative Copper and Lead Toxicology: Exploring the Health Implications of Heavy Metal Exposure
Authors: Sarac Ioan , Onisan Emilian , Petrescu Irina , Tenche-Constantinescu Alina , Morna Anamaria Aurelia , Timar Adrian Vasile , Camen Dorin , Ciulca Adriana Elena , Vicas Laura-Gratiela , Petolescu Cerasela , Stroia Ciprian , Ganea Mariana
Published: March 2024

Drosophila melanogaster serves as a important research model both for genetic investigations and for the study of metal toxicity, facilitating the elucidation of physiological mechanisms comparable to those of human organisms. In our research, we evaluated the toxicity effect resulting from exposure to various concentrations of lead and copper on the prolificity rates throughout the life cycle (egg-adult) of four genotypes of Drosophila melanogaster: wild-type (control), white, brown, and white-vestigial. During our study, the prolificity rates were examined across three repetitions under the impact of exposure to concentrations of 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, and 4.00 mM of copper (CuSO4) and lead (Pb(C2H3O2)2). Prolificity rates throughout the life cycle exhibited variations as a direct consequence of genetic factors, the concentration of exposure, and the specific type of metal, either copper or lead. The mutant white-vestigial genotype revealed an IC50 concentration for prolificity inhibition at lower doses of 2.00 mM for copper and 4.00 mM for lead, in contrast to the control genotype (wild-type), which exhibited an inhibition concentration rate >IC50 of 4.00 mM only in the case of copper. Our results concluded that the (i) dose influences the prolificity rate in a directly proportional manner, (ii) comparative analyses between copper and lead revealed that copper displayed toxicity across all genotypes within the concentration range of 0.50 mM to 2.00 mM. In contrast, lead exhibited toxicity within the concentration range of 1.00 mM to 4.00 mM, highlighting a (iii) more acute toxicity characteristic in the case of copper. Thus, the results of this research reflect the importance of using Drosophila melanogaster as a genetic model in the comparative study of the interaction between genetic factors and the toxicity of metals, offering significant insights into monitoring their impact and defining the maximum permissible doses on organisms.
Assessment of micronutrient intake from food in athletes of cyclic sports living in the North
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russian Federation, Fedorova E.P. , Minyailo L.A. ,   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russian Federation, Korchina T.Ya. ,   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russian Federation, Korchin V.I. ,   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russian Federation
Published: March 2024

Objective. To study the intake with diets of bioelements (calcium, magnesium, selenium, zinc, copper) and vitamins A, E, D, C in young athletes living in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Area. Patients and methods. 54 young athletes of the boarding school of the Olympic reserve of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Area (cross-country skiing, biathlon) were included, the age was 19.1 ± 0.47 years. Using the "ASPON-nutrition" program, the intake of micronutrients with food was analyzed: bioelements Ca, Mg, Se, Zn, Cu and vitamins A, E, D, C. The results were compared with the physiological needs. Results. We received the deficiency bioelements Ca (86.7% AF), Mg (88.6% AF), Se (64.6% AF), Zn (84.2% AF), Cu (90.0% AF), as well as vitamins E (91.3% AF), D (50% AF), C (78.3% AF) against the background of an excess of vitamin A (113% AF). Conclusion. Deficiencies in the consumption of Ca, Mg and bioelements included in antioxidant enzymes (Se, Zn, Cu), as well as antioxidant vitamins E, D, C. The most important condition for improving the functional performance of athletes is the optimal provision of their body with micronutrients, especially those with antioxidant properties. This is possible with a combination of nutrition optimization, the widespread use of micronutrient-enriched foods in diet and their additional intake in the form of biologically active food additives. Key words: athletes, young men, diet, bioelements, antioxidant vitamins, North
The Relevance Between Values of Akhlak Education in Adnan and Syahid's Tafsir with Education Law in Indonesia
Authors: Hasan Moh Abdul Kholiq , Arifah Ma’sum Khusnul
Published: March 2024

This research examines the relevance between the values of akhlak education In Adnan and Syahid's Tafsir with education law in Indonesia, the perspective of the surah Luqman. The research uses content analysis methods with hermeneutic approaches and comparative methods. The results show that the value of ethical education in interpreting the al-Qur'an Suci Basa Jawi and the Tafsir Al-Huda in principle is similar. Both broadly transmit Javanese noble values, which include: (1) Tawheed, (2) Filial piety to both parents, (3) Gratitude, (4) Patience, (5) Wisdom, (6) Simplicity, (7) Sincerity, and (8) the value of honesty. The relevance of the values of akhlak education above with the Indonesian education law emerges in attitudes and actions (1) Religion, (2) Discipline, (3) Independence and Responsibility, (4) Honesty, and (5) Concern for the social and natural environment. From an early age, make them habits when they are adults.
STRES REMAJA PADA PENDIDIKAN DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN ANALISIS STATUS SOSIAL EKONOMI
Authors: Doriza Shinta , Andini Syafa , Nugraheni Prastiti Laras
Published: March 2024

The pandemic phenomenon changed the order of people's lives, in the field of education encouraged children to learn from home. The pandemic has also caused financial turmoil in the household order that affects the socioeconomics of families. This study using Educational stress for adolescent (ESSA) instruments belonging to Jiandong Sun 2011 and Socioeconomic status-modified belonging to Aggarawal et al in 2005 was conducted on 401 high school students using an associative approach to test the relationship between family socioeconomic status and educational stress during the pandemic. The results of the research tested had neither any relationship nor significance. The analysis showed that there was a severe level of stress on the family's low and high socioeconomic status. This study discusses the analysis of the dimensions of family socioeconomic status with educational stress variables, as well as behaviors in overcoming good stress in adolescents.

 

Abstrak

Fenomena pandemi mengubah tatanan kehidupan masyarakat, dalam bidang pendidikan mendorong para siswa untuk melakukan pembelajaran dari rumah. Pandemi juga menimbulkan gejolak finansial pada tatanan rumah tangga yang mempengaruhi sosial ekonomi keluarga. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen Educational stress for adolescent (ESSA) milik Jiandong Sun 2011 dan Socioeconomic status-modified  milik Aggarawal dkk tahun 2005 dilakukan pada 401 siswa SMA menggunakan pendekatan asosiatif untuk menguji hubungan antara Status sosial ekonomi keluarga dan stres Pendidikan di masa pandemi. Hasil penelitian yang diuji tidak memiliki hubungan maupun signifikansi. Analisis menunjukan terdapat tingkat stres yang berat pada status sosial ekonomi keluarga yang rendah maupun tinggi. Penelitian ini mendiskusikan mengenai analisis dari dimensi status sosial ekonomi keluarga dengan variabel Educational stress, serta perilaku dalam mengatasi stress yang baik pada remaja.
STUDI KASUS DAMPAK PERUNDUNGAN VERBAL PADA SISWA SMAN 2 KS CILEGON
Authors: Melawati Ayu , Indrawati  , Atikah Cucu
Published: March 2024

This qualitative case study explores the impact of verbal bullying on students at SMA Negeri 2 Kota Cilegon (SMA 2 KS Cilegon). Verbal bullying, in the form of teasing, humiliation, derogatory remarks, disruptions, name-calling, sarcasm, insults, mockery, intimidation, and the spread of unverified rumors, has become a serious issue in the school environment. The research focuses on one bullying victim at SMA 2 KS Cilegon who is currently receiving attention from the Guidance and Counseling (BK) teacher due to verbal bullying. The findings reveal severe psychological impacts on the victim, including a significant decrease in self-esteem, increased anxiety, sleep disturbances, loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities, and excessive anxiety symptoms. The role of the BK teacher in providing emotional support, counseling services, and guidance to the victim is crucial. However, the BK teacher faces challenges, such as difficulties in identifying the bullies and collecting strong evidence. The school's response to bullying issues is also a critical factor in case management. This study provides in-depth insights into the psychological impact of verbal bullying on students and the vital role of BK teachers in aiding victims. The implications of this research underscore the importance of awareness and concrete steps to prevent verbal bullying and create a safe and supportive school environment for all students.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus kualitatif yang mengeksplorasi dampak perundungan verbal terhadap siswa di SMA Negeri 2 Kota Cilegon (SMA 2 KS Cilegon). Perundungan verbal, dalam bentuk menyindir, mempermalukan, merendahkan, mengganggu, memberi panggilan nama lain (name-calling), sarkasme, mencela/mengejek, mengintimidasi, memaki, dan menyebarkan berita yang belum jelas kebenarannya, telah menjadi isu serius di lingkungan sekolah. Fokus penelitian ini adalah pada satu korban bully di SMA 2 KS Cilegon yang sedang mendapatkan perhatian dari guru Bimbingan Konseling (BK) akibat perundungan verbal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dampak psikologis serius pada korban, termasuk penurunan rasa percaya diri, peningkatan kecemasan, gangguan tidur, kehilangan minat pada aktivitas yang disukai, dan gejala-gejala kecemasan yang berlebihan. Peran guru BK dalam memberikan dukungan emosional, layanan konseling, dan bimbingan kepada korban sangat penting. Namun, guru BK juga menghadapi tantangan, termasuk kesulitan dalam mengidentifikasi pelaku perundungan dan mengumpulkan bukti yang kuat. Respons sekolah terhadap isu perundungan juga menjadi faktor penting dalam penanganan kasus ini. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang dampak perundungan verbal pada siswa dan peran guru BK dalam membantu korban. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah pentingnya kesadaran dan langkah-langkah konkret untuk mencegah perundungan verbal dan menciptakan lingkungan sekolah yang aman dan mendukung bagi semua siswa.
Tradición y heterodoxia. La interpretación de Menéndez Pelayo sobre los mozárabes. Contexto historiográfico e intelectual
Authors: Mantas-España Pedro
Published: March 2024

El análisis sobre la conocida posición de Mariano Menéndez Pelayo en torno a los mozárabes del siglo IX, podría ser tratado como un estudio de caso donde se pone de manifiesto una de las muchas instancias de persistente tradicionalismo ideológico que podemos encontrar en la historiografía española del siglo XIX ‒el artículo analiza algunas de sus raíces e implicaciones.
Violencia y religiones: el caso del Islam
Authors: Puig Montada Josep
Published: March 2024

La religión y la violencia parecen ir unidas la una a la otra inevitablemente. La cuestión surge acerca de si la violencia es inherente al islam, y para contestarla, el artículo examina periodos sucesivos de la historia musulmana, desde este punto de vista. La investigación muestra que no existe una relación intrínseca y que el islam contemporáneo tiende mayoritariamente a separar la religión de la violencia.
Penerapan Pilar Green Economy dalam Pengembangan Desa Wisata Ngringinrejo Kalitidu Bojonegoro
Authors: Dwik Pujiati  , Aji Damanuri
Published: March 2024

This research was motivated by the anxiety of the people of Ngringinrejo Village, located on the banks of the Bengawan Solo river, because it often experiences crop failure during the rainy season. Natural disasters are one of the impacts of irresponsible economic activities, for example, illegal sand mining, logging in mixed forests, dumping industrial waste into rivers, etc. This study aims to describe and analyze the process of implementing the three pillars of the green economy, namely the economic, social, and ecosystem (environment) pillars in Ngringinrejo Starfruit Agrotourism. This research approach uses qualitative research (field research). Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the agro-tourism of the Ngringinrejo star fruit garden has an impact on improving the economy, society, and ecosystem. Based on the economic pillar, there is an increase in the income of the people who are members of this primary tourism group. The growth occurs because every day there will be visitors who come and always buy star fruit for souvenirs. From a social point of view, this agro-tourism has involved many stakeholders who influence the number of workers needed. Even residents who do not own land can rent it to sell star fruit or other products. Meanwhile, in terms of ecosystems, star fruit trees have a lot of water absorption, have an average age of about 20 years, and bear fruit throughout the year.
Pemikiran Imām al-Shāfi’i tentang Talak Tafwi̅ḍ dan Relevansinya dengan Teori Kesetaraan Gender dalam Praktik Pengembangan Hukum Keluarga Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Alis Maulana  , Luthfi Hadi Aminuddin
Published: March 2024

This thesis is the result of a literature study entitled “Imām al-Shāfi’i Thoughts on Talak Tafwi̅ḍ and Its Relevance to the Theory of Gender Equality in The Practice of Developing Islamic Family Law in Indonesia”. Academic problems are felt by the author so do this research, because there are still many people who consider that the absolute right of divorce belongs to a husband. This study aims to answer the question of what is the opinion and legal basis of Imām al-Shāfi’i thinking about the ability of the practice of divorce tafwi̅ḍ?. And how is the relevance of talak tafwi̅ḍ with the theory of gender equality in the practice of developing Islamic Family Law in Indonesia?. The results of the study concluded, Imām al-Shāfi’i argued that divorce tafwi̅ḍ the law is permissible, because of the surrender of the authority of divorce to his wife was once done by Rasullah saw. which is based on naṣ al-Qur'an surah al-Aḥzāb verses 28-29, and hadith ṣahih narration muttafaq ‘alaih from Aishah r.a. The relevance of tafwi̅ḍ divorce with the theory of gender equality, that with the practice of divorce tafwi̅ḍ this can help to lift the status/gender of women, especially in relation to divorce. When a husband submits his right to divorce authority to his wife, then surely a husband has raised his wife degree in the concept of gender equality.
Analisis Fairness terhadap Sistem Pembayaran Jasa Pengairan Sawah pada Petani Desa Bibrik Kecamatan Jiwan Kabupaten Madiun
Authors: Kusnul Ciptanila Yuni K  , Iza Hanifuddin
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to find out how fair the application of irrigation of rice fields is in determining the consideration for irrigation services of rice fields according to John Rawls' idea of ​​justice. The research methodology in this study is qualitatively descriptive by processing primary and secondary data obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation in Bibrik village, Jiwan province, Madiun province. The result of the study is that the perception of fairness in the application of rice field irrigation is carried out from the irrigation stage, determination of fees for irrigation services of rice fields, and the water distribution mechanism is not always accurate, although it is. Designed so that there is no fairness, the fairness of the service will reflect the fairness of the water workers group. Standardization of payment for services is not the same in villages, whether it is the location of rice fields next to irrigation canals or vice versa so the fairness of services is expected to have a significant impact on farmers' education and bring about social upheavals. . The means of payment for this service is of two types: quality money and grain, so it is not fair between farmers and workers that grain is sold for more money than direct cash payments, which causes unrest in the company.
Peningkatan Akses Layanan Keuangan pada Masyarakat Unbanked di Indonesia melalui Financial Technology
Authors: Qiyqiy Fithri Awamirillah  , Shinta Maharani
Published: March 2024

Financial Technology (Fintech) is defined as financial services integration and solutions based on technology. Unbanked is a group of people who do not have savings in the bank. There is a substantial potential increase in financial services for the unbanked by utilizing Fintech in Indonesia. It is seen from the young population and the high growth of internet access. However, compared to other countries, the development of Fintech access in Indonesia is still far behind. The theory used in this research is the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT 2). The data were analyzed using the path analysis method using the bright partial least square (Smart-PLS) software. Respondents in this study amounted to 304 people from all over Indonesia. The variable constructs used in this study are usefulness, ease of access, preference, behavioral intention to use, and actual system use. The results of this study explain that usefulness has a significant positive effect on ease of access; help has a positive impact on behavioral intention to use, but the value is not substantial; ease of access has a positive effect on preference and has a considerable discount; priority harms behavioral intention to use, but the value is not significant; pick has a positive impact on actual system use, but the value is not the substantial and behavioral intention to use has a positive effect on actual system use, but the value is not significant.
Pernikahan di Bawah Umur dan Relasinya Terhadap Keluarga di Kecamatan Slahung Kabupaten Ponorogo
Authors: Munib Agus , Huda Miftahul
Published: March 2024

This field research with a qualitative approach through subjective assessment of the opinion of these scholars aims to determine the community's understanding of underage marriage, the reality of family couples who carry out underage marriages, and the household conditions of underage marriage actors in three villages located in Slahung District, Ponorogo Regency. Data collection methods use in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and analysis with Creswell's theory. The results of the study show that: 1) Public understanding regarding underage marriage is still lacking due to the low level of education; 2) The reality of family couples who, after an underage marriage, do not have a job, still depend on their family (father and mother) for the economy of their new family; 3) The condition of the household of the underage marriage actor is still fine, it will be more clearly seen in the next 3 (three) or 5 (five) years so that it will be known that the condition of the underage married couple's household can run harmoniously according to with the goal of marriage or even end in divorce.