bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors of Postoperative Intra-Abdominal Infectious Complications After Robotic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Ojima Toshiyasu , Hayata Keiji , Kitadani Junya , Takeuchi Akihiro , Yamaue Hiroki
Published: March 2022

Background Robotic surgery is regarded as an evolved type of laparoscopic surgery. Few studies have undertaken detailed analysis of complications following robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer.MethodsThis is a single-center retrospective study of 149 consecutive patients with gastric cancer who underwent robotic gastrectomy. It examines in detail the postoperative complications in robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer, focusing on intra-abdominal infectious complications including anastomotic leakage, pancreatic fistula and intra-abdominal abscess. We also aim to identify the related risk factors.ResultsThe median operation time was 299 min and median bleeding was 25 ml. The incidence of overall complications higher than grade II was 8.7%. Clinically serious complications higher than grade IIIa occurred in 6.7% of cases. The incidence of intra-abdominal infectious complications that were higher than grade II was 4.0%. Mortality in our consecutive series was zero. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that postoperative intra-abdominal infectious complications were significantly associated with history of abdominal surgery (P = 0.043), with odds ratios of 17.890 (95 % confidence interval 1.092 – 293.150) and with non-curative resection (P = 0.025), with odds ratios of 58.629 (95 % confidence interval 1.687 – 2037.450).Conclusion Robotic gastrectomy was shown to be a safe and effective treatment for gastric cancer when performed by experienced surgeons. Attention should be paid to the risk of developing postoperative complications when performing robotic gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients with a history of abdominal surgery and in patients with advanced gastric cancer in whom there is expected to be difficulty in curative resection.
Evaluation of the Macula Pigment Optical Density by a Psychophysical Test in Dry Age Related Macula Degeneration
Authors: Karanfil Feyza Çalış , Özmert Emin
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE: To evaluate the risk factors, macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and factors associated with MPOD in dry age related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: This prospective study included 68 eyes of 68 dry AMD patients and, as the control group, 90 healthy eyes of 90 healthy volunteers with similar ages and genders. Age, gender, family history, smoking, alcohol use, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, height, weight, dietary lutein intake and multivitamin use were questioned in all participants. A full ophthalmic examination of all eyes were made. Colour fundus photography and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) images were recorded. MPOD was measured by colour perimetry (CP). To test the short-term repeatability of the technique, a total of 27 eyes of 27 young healthy subjects were measured 3 times on 3 consecutive days.RESULTS: Smoking, obesity, family history, light iris colour, and hyperlipidemia seen more frequently in AMD group. The most frequent fundus finding was hard drusen (79.4%). Average MPOD was measured every three months in the AMD group and values were; 3.69±1.82, 4.74±1.29, 4.99±1.27 ve 5.02±1.35 dB, respectively. In the control group average MPOD measured once at the begining of the study and it was 4.97±1.27 dB. At first visit, the MPOD of the patient group was significantly lower than the control group. Smoking, obesity, poor dietary lutein intake, light iris colour, and hyperlipidemia associated with low MPOD values in both groups. CONCLUSION: The relationship between MPOD and AMD is controversial in the literature. Depending to our results we think there is a relation between MPOD and AMD. Quit smoking, rich dietary lutein/zeaxhantin intake, having normal blood lipid levels and ideal weight is very important for preventing from AMD or AMD progression. The results of the CP method are consistent with the results found in other psychophysical tests in the literature.
The Diagnostic Value Of Soluble CD93 In Chinese Patients With Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: guo Bin , Rao Jiaxin , Wang Qiang , He rendong , Jiang Xingliang , Xie Ning
Published: March 2022

Objective: Our aim was to explore the diagnostic value of serum soluble cluster of differentiation 93 (sCD93) for diabetic nephropathy (DN) in chinese patients.Methods: 130 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 30 healthy individuals were enrolled. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the serum sCD93 concentration. And renal function and blood lipid-related index in serum or urine were detected using the routine assays. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was exployed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of integrated indicators.﻿Results: The eGFR, ACR (P < 0.05) and the prevalence of DN (P < 0.05) were significantly different between the H-sCD93 group and the L-sCD93 group. The serum sCD93 concentration was correlated with the ACR (r = 0.191, P = 0.029) and eGFR (r = -0.509, P = 0.000). In all albuminuria subgroups, the serum sCD93 concentration increased with the increase in the ACR (P < 0.05). Pairwise comparisons between subgroups indicated that the serum sCD93 concentrations from the N-ACR and M-ACR groups were lower than that in the L-ACR group (P < 0.05), however there was no significant difference between the N-ACR and M-ACR groups (P > 0.05). The levels of serum sCD93, NGAL and Cr in DN group were significantly higher than those in DM group (P<0.05). On the basis of the ROC curve, the best AUC area value was 0.942 from sCD93+NGAL+Cr triple test. ﻿Conclusion: sCD93 was a independent predictor for DN in chinese patients, and integration analysis of sCD93, NGAL and Cr has better diagnostic efficacy.
Global regulatory factor FsveA up-regulate the production of antitumor substance in endophytic Fusarium solani
Authors: Cai Lu , Wang Jiankang , Li Yongjie , Qin Min , Yin Xueming , He Zhangjiang , Kang Jichuan
Published: March 2022

A number of studies have demonstrated that endophytic fungi have the potential to produce antitumor active substances with novel structures and significant activities. Our previous studies found that an endophytic Fusarium solani derived from the stem of the medicinal plant Nothapodytes pittosporoides (Oliv.) Sleum had good antitumor activity. Furthermore, overexpression of the global regulator FsveA (FsveAOE) in F. solani led to significant inhibition ratio increasement of human alveolar adenocarcino -ma cell (A549). In comparison with the wild strain (WT), the inhibition rate of FsveAOE was obviously increased ~ 14.69%, and the apoptosis ratio was significantly increased 4.86-fold. A metabolomic analysis revealed that the overexpression of FsveA resulted in a significant increasement in several antitumor secondary metabolites of fungi, including alkaloids (Geldanamycin, Acadesine, Adenosine), terpenoids (Lanosterin, Illudin M), carboxylic acid derivatives (L-Arginine, L-Methionine), phenolic (4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenol) and flavonoid metabolites (Epicatechin gallate). Additionally, the transcriptome analysis also displayed that expression pattern of 48 genes-related to the antitumor activity were significantly changed in FsveAOE, mainly involving glycosyl hydrolases, the Zn(2)-Cys(6) class, Cytochrome P450 monooxygen -ase, 3-isopropylmalate dehydratase, and polyketide synthases. Therefore, we conclude that FsveA mediate multiple secondary metabolic pathways to up-regulate the production of antitumor substance in endophytic F. solani.
Visualization of conformational changes and membrane remodeling leading to genome delivery by viral class-II fusion machinery
Authors: Prasad Vidya Mangala , Blijleven Jelle , Smit Jolanda , Lee Kelly
Published: March 2022

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a human pathogen that delivers its genome to the host cell cytoplasm through endocytic low pH-activated membrane fusion mediated by class-II fusion proteins. Though structures of prefusion, icosahedral CHIKV are available, structural characterization of virion interaction with membranes has been limited. Here, we have used cryo-electron tomography to visualize CHIKV’s complete membrane fusion pathway, identifying key intermediary glycoprotein conformations coupled to membrane remodeling events. Using sub-tomogram averaging, we elucidate features of the low pH-exposed virion, nucleocapsid and full length E1-glycoprotein’s post-fusion structure. Contrary to class-I fusion systems, CHIKV achieves membrane apposition by protrusion of extended E1-glycoprotein homotrimers into the target membrane. The fusion process also features a large hemifusion diaphragm that transitions to a wide pore for intact nucleocapsid delivery. Our analyses provide comprehensive ultrastructural insights into the class-II virus fusion system function and direct mechanistic characterization of the fundamental process of protein-mediated membrane fusion.
Two Distinct Fetal-Type Signatures Caracterise Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia
Authors: Strullu Marion , Arfeuille Chloé , CAYE-EUDE Aurélie , Maillard Loïc , Lainey Elodie , Piques Florian , Fenneteau Odile , Bruno Cassinat , Fabien Guimiot , Dalle Jean-Hugues , Baruchel André , Chomienne Christine , Bonnet Dominique , Souyri Michele , Cave Helene
Published: March 2022

To investigate whether ontogeny-related features determine the pediatric specificity in juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), we compared the gene expression profile of hematopoietic progenitor cells sorted from JMML to their healthy counterparts isolated at different stages of ontogeny. Two groups of JMML were identified. The JMML in the first group had a fetal-like expression profile. Their progenitors showed a stronger monocytic identity than other JMML or healthy postnatal progenitors with overexpression of monocytic/dendritic, inflammasome and innate immunity markers, reminiscent of the monocyte-biased myelopoiesis characterizing physiologic fetal hematopoiesis. The second group, although clustering apart from healthy prenatal and post-natal fractions, was characterized by aberrant expression of the master oncofetal regulator LIN28B, suggesting developmental dysregulation. LIN28B expression was associated with DNA hypermethylation. Analysis of a large cohort of 108 patients with JMML showed that a high LIN28 expression was correlated to a poor outcome. Our findings highlight a strong but complex link between JMML and development, and will be important to guide future treatment strategies in this rare but severe leukemia.
Kruppel-like factor 4 as a therapeutically tractable brake on lung
fibroblast activation which promotes resolution of pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Peters-Golden Marc , Penke Loka Raghu Kumar , Speth Jennifer , Huang Steven , Baas Jared
Published: March 2022

There is a paucity of information about potential molecular brakes on the activation of fibroblasts that drive tissue fibrosis. The transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is best known as a determinant of cell stemness and a tumor suppressor. We found that its expression was diminished in fibroblasts from fibrotic lung. Gain- and loss-of-function studies showed that KLF4 inhibits fibroblast proliferation, collagen synthesis, and differentiation to myofibroblasts, while restoring their sensitivity to apoptosis. Conditional deletion of KLF4 from fibroblasts potentiated the peak degree of pulmonary fibrosis and abrogated the subsequent spontaneous resolution that follows in a model of transient fibrosis. A small molecule inducer of KLF4 was able to restore its expression in fibrotic fibroblasts and elicit resolution in an experimental model characterized by more clinically relevant persistent pulmonary fibrosis. These data identify KLF4 as a pivotal brake on fibroblast activation whose induction represents a new therapeutic approach in fibrosis of the lung, and perhaps other organs.
Correlation Analysis Between Land Use and Urban Street Patterns
Authors: Akiba Yuri , Yamasaki Masaya , Shima Hiroyuki , Sato Motohiro
Published: March 2022

Urban morphology, the study of urban forms that were formed by roads represents the result of dynamic interactions between multiple factors, such as transportation efficiency, population size, and local land use. Thus, investigating the geometry of street patterns has the potential to reveal information on the main factors in street pattern systems that drive the formation of street structures. In this study, we speculated and validated our hypothesis that among multiple factors, land use in each region contributed significantly to determining the area of the urban blocks bounded by roads; we found that the areas of urban blocks and land use were closely connected. The results showed that the block area tended to be larger in regions where land use was predominantly meant for companies and schools, while it tended to be smaller in regions where land use was predominantly for residential purposes. This trend in land use, which has been difficult to evaluate quantitatively, was defined clearly for the first time when the concept of land use was examined from the perspective of the ratio of daytime to nighttime population (RDN), which represents the amount of human movement in an urban area.
Nanoplastics induce more severe apoptosis through mitochondrial damage in Caco-2 cells compared to sub-micron plastics
Authors: Lu Zifan , Zhang Yuanyuan , He Lei , Zhou Chunxia , Hong Pengzhi , Qian Zhong-Ji , Ju Xianghong , Sun Shengli , Li Chengyong
Published: March 2022

BackgroundSmall plastic particles such sub-micron- (1μm-100nm) and nanoplastics (<100nm) derived from the environment can enter the human gastrointestinal tract through the food chain. In addition, MPs adsorbed with heavy metals are synergistically toxic to humans. Though the cytotoxicity of different sizes of polystyrene (PS) has been studied, the toxicity study of small sizes PS such as 20 nm on intestinal cells is still utterly limited.ResultsIn the present study, the toxicity of 20 nm and 200 nm PS (PS20, PS200) on Caco-2 cells was investigated. PS20 could disrupt cell membrane integrity at a concentration of 80 μg/mL. The images of laser scanning-confocal illustrated that cell tend to uptake more PS20 than PS200 and those particles were localized in lysosomes and mitochondria. Moreover, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential of PS20 was more severe than that of PS200, which may account for the significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the PS20-treated group. Furthermore, PS20 induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, PS enhanced the cytotoxicity of Methylmercury (MeHg). Overall, this study demonstrates that PS had a size- and concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect on the intestine and an enhanced cytotoxic effect on MeHg.ConclusionsBoth sub-micron and NPs could enter Caco-2 cells. NPS induced apoptosis by inducing mitochondrial damage and was significantly more toxic to cells than sub-micron PS. Both sizes of PS used in the experiments have a synergistic effect on MeHg-induced cytotoxicity. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the strong cytotoxicity of NPs and synergistic toxicity with heavy metals, providing a reference for the environmental toxicity of nanoscale plastics.
Using multiple sampling strategies to estimate SARS-CoV-2 epidemiological parameters from genomic sequencing data
Authors: Inward Rhys , Parag Kris , Faria Nuno Rodrigues
Published: March 2022

SARS-CoV-2 virus genomes are currently being sequenced at an unprecedented pace. The choice of viral sequences used in genetic and epidemiological analysis is important as it can induce biases that detract from the value of these rich datasets. This raises questions about how a set of sequences should be chosen for analysis, and which epidemiological parameters derived from genomic data are sensitive or robust to changes in sampling. We provide initial insights on these largely understudied problems using SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences from Hong Kong and the Amazonas State, Brazil. We consider sampling schemes that select sequences uniformly, in proportion or reciprocally with case incidence and which simply use all available sequences (unsampled). We apply Birth-Death Skyline and Skygrowth methods to estimate the time-varying reproduction number (Rt) and growth rate (rt) under these strategies as well as related R0 and date of origin parameters. We compare these to estimates from case data derived from EpiFilter, which we use as a reference for assessing bias. We find that both Rt and rt are sensitive to changes in sampling whilst R0 and the date of origin are relatively robust. Moreover, we find that the unsampled datasets, which reflect an opportunistic sampling scheme, engender the most biased Rt and rt estimates for both our Hong Kong and Amazonas case studies. We highlight that sampling strategy choices may be an influential yet neglected component of sequencing analysis pipelines. More targeted attempts at genomic surveillance and epidemic analyses, particularly in resource-poor settings with limited sequencing capabilities, are necessary to maximise the informativeness of virus genomic datasets.
Qtl Associated With Resistance to Stagonosporopsis Citrulli in Citrillus Amarus
Authors: Adams Lincoln , McGregor Cecilia
Published: March 2022

Gummy stem blight (GSB) is a fungal disease affecting cucurbit crops, including watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), leading to significant yield losses. The disease is caused by three Stagonosporopsis species, of which S. citrulli is the most common in the southeastern United States. Currently no gummy stem blight-resistant watermelon cultivars are available to growers. In this study we used QTL-seq in an interspecific population developed from Sugar Baby × PI 189225 (C. amarus) to identify a novel QTL associated with resistance to S. citrulli (PVE = 13.3%) on chromosome 5 (Qgsb5.2) of the watermelon genome. KASP marker assays were developed for selection of Qgsb5.2 to allow breeders to track the allele contributing resistance to GSB, reducing the need for laborious phenotyping. Pyramiding different GSB resistance QTL could be a useful strategy to develop GSB resistant watermelon cultivars.
Retrospective study on prevalence of typhoid fever infection among patients visiting Ejere health center, west Shawa zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Bekele Damtew , Lata Warku
Published: March 2022

Typhoid fever is a major public health problem in worldwide including Ethiopia. The study design used in this study was a retrospective study to assess typhoid fever disease among patients in age ranges 1–18 years, who visited Ejere health center during the past three years (2018–2020). This study would also seek to know the conditions that are favorable to high prevalence of typhoid in the district. The results showed that total of 1152 individuals suffered from typhoid fever during the three years period. Of these numbers, 486 (42.18%) were males, and 1158 (57.98%) were females. The highest number of cases was accounted for 422(36.31) in 2020, while the lowest number of cases was 346 (30.03) in 2018. Among this, typhoid fever was higher in patients from rural than patients from urban. Among the age groups, the 14–18 age groups were the most affected. Rural communities living far from health centers were susceptible to typhoid fever. High prevalence was observed during the wet months, although cases occurred throughout the year. This indicated that the risk factors were still continued and that there were no effective control measures in place. Therefore an understanding of factors that influence the occurrence of typhoid fever in Ejere District was important in the management of the typhoid fever and environmental sanitation by communities could minimizes the risk factors.
Adaptive Fractional-Order Fast-Terminal-Type Sliding Mode Control For Nonlinear Robotic Manipulators
Authors: Yu Fujie , Zhu Qilong , Li Qingzhong , Yang Guoqing , Chen Yuan
Published: March 2022

An adaptive fractional-order fast-terminal-type sliding mode control (AFO-FTSMC) method is presented to improve the response characteristics of robotic manipulators and reduce uncertainty. This method employs a fractional-order sliding mode (FO-SM) manifold and a fast-terminal-type reaching law to achieve precise tracking, fast response speed, and chatterfree control inputs. The FO-SM manifold contains fractionalorder differential and fractional-order integral terms, which avoids deterioration in tracking accuracy when the system state reaches the sliding manifold. The fast-terminal-type reaching law ensures fast reaching speed and effective chatter suppression. The designed adaptive law realizes an immediate response to tracking error, avoids excessive high or low switching gain, and effectively enhances the robustness against lumped uncertainties by adjusting the switching gain of the SMC online. Therefore, the AFO-FTSMC control method, which combines the respective advantages of adaptive law and FOSMC, can significantly improve the control performance of conventional SMC and has strong robustness to uncertain disturbances. The AFO-FTSMC is also proved to be stable using the Lyapunov method. Finally, both simulation and experiments verify the effectiveness and superiorities of the AFO-FTSMC control scheme.
Consistence Condition of Kernel Selection In Regular Linear Kernel Regression And Its Application In Covid-19 High-risk Areas Exploration
Authors: WangChao  , LiBo  , LiuHuan  , PengPai
Published: March 2022

With the long-term outbreak of the Covid-19 around the world, identifying high-risk areas is becoming a new research boom. In this paper, we propose a novel regression method namely Regular Linear Kernel Regression(RLKR) for Covid-19 high-risk areas Exploration. We explain in detail how the canonical linear kernel regression method is linked to the identification of high-risk areas for Covid-19. Further more, The consistence condition of Kernel Selection, which is closely related to the identification of high-risk areas, is given with two mild assumptions. Finally, the RLKR method was verified by simulation experiments and applied for Covid-19 high-risk area Exploration.
The Value of Preoperative Nutritional Status, the Systemic Inflammation Index and A Nomogram for the Prognosis of Patients with Esophageal Cancer After Radical Resection
Authors: Wang Huike , Yang Yalan , Meng Xiangrui , Luo Xi , Wang Feng
Published: March 2022

Background
Controlling nutritional status (CONUT), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) are new parameters that reflect the immune-nutritional status in some cancers.
Purpose
To investigate the relationship between preoperative nutritional status and systemic inflammatory indexes on the clinicopathological prognosis of patients with stage I-IV esophageal cancer and to clarify the predictive value of nutritional status and inflammatory indexes on tumor recurrence, metastasis and long-term survival after radical resection.
Methods
The clinical data of 381 patients who underwent radical esophagectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from August 5, 2013, to August 1, 2021, were analyzed retrospectively. The preoperative clinical characteristics and hematological examination results were collected, the data on nutritional and immune status were analyzed, tumor recurrence and survival were evaluated by telephone follow-up, and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated. Nutritional data and the immune status, clinical data and survival information were also analyzed.
Results
Analysis of the clinical data of 381 patients with esophageal cancer undergoing radical esophagectomy revealed that preoperative nutritional status was related to preoperative complications, neoadjuvant therapy, TNM stage, tumor location, pathological type, vascular invasion, nerve invasion and regional lymph node metastasis, and the indexes of systemic inflammation were related to neoadjuvant therapy, TNM stage, tumor location, pathological type and nerve invasion. In univariate analysis, vascular invasion, preoperative CONUT, PNI and SII were identified as important factors affecting prognosis. In multivariate analysis, vascular invasion, preoperative CONUT, PNI, and SII were identified as important factors showing an independent correlation with survival time. A nomogram was developed, and the statistically significant influencing factors from the multivariate Cox regression model were included to predict the 2-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates of patients with lung metastasis from gastric cancer.
Conclusion
CONUT, PNI and SII are independent risk factors for predicting overall survival and recurrence-free survival after radical resection of esophageal cancer. The proposed nomogram prediction model can aid in individualized analysis of the prognosis of these patients.
A novel VOC breath tracer method to evaluate indoor respiratory exposures in the near- and far-fields
Authors: Parhizkar Hooman , Fretz Mark , Laguerre Aurelie , Stenson Jason , Corsi Richard L. , Wymelenberg Kevin G. Van Den , Gall Elliott T.
Published: March 2022

Several studies suggest that far-field transmission (> 6 ft) explains the significant number of COVID-19 superspreading outbreaks. Therefore, quantitative evaluation of near- and far-field exposure to emissions from a source is key to better understanding human-to-human airborne infectious disease transmission and associated risks. In this study, we used an environmentally-controlled chamber to measure volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from a healthy participant who consumed breath mints, which contained unique tracer compounds. Tracer measurements were made at 2.5 ft, 5 ft, 7.5 ft from the participant, as well as in the exhaust plenum of the chamber. We observed that 2.5 ft trials had substantially (~ 36–44%) higher concentrations than other distances during the first 20 minutes of experiments, highlighting the importance of the near-field relative to the far-field before virus-laden respiratory aerosol plumes are continuously mixed into the far-field. However, for the conditions studied, the concentrations of human-sourced tracers after 20 minutes and approaching the end of the 60-minute trials at 2.5 ft, 5 ft, and 7.5 ft were only ~ 18%, ~ 11%, and ~ 7.5% higher than volume-averaged concentrations, respectively. Our findings highlight the importance of far-field transmission of airborne pathogens including SARS-CoV-2, which need to be considered in public health decision making.
Two recovered cases of large pontine hematoma
Authors: Unnithan Ajaya Kumar Ayyappan
Published: March 2022

Introduction:Primary pontine haemorrhage results in profound morbidity and high mortality. The poor prognostic factors are: large paramedian pontine haematoma, transverse diameter greater than 2cm, and coma on admission. Two recovered cases of large pontine haematoma, are discussed.Case reports:A 59-year-old male was brought with Glasgow coma scale(GCS) score of E2M5V2. His blood pressure(BP) was 220/110 mmHg. He was intubated and ventilated. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) showed large pontine haematoma, of size 3 x 2.25 x 2 cm. He was given antioedema, antihypertensive, and cerebral protectant medications. Tracheostomy was done. He began to regain consciousness. Decannulation was done. He could walk with support on the fifty-fourth day. His Glasgow outcome scale(GOS) score was five indicating good recovery.A 57-year-old male was brought with GCS score E1M3V1. His BP was 200/100mmHg. He was intubated and ventilated. MRI scan showed a large haematoma of size 2.8 x 2.6 x 2.5 cm in pons extending to right side of midbrain. Tracheostomy was done. He obeyed commands on the fortieth day. Decannulation was done. His GOS score was three at six months, indicating severe disability.Conclusion:It is concluded from the case reports and the review of the literature that survival with good outcome is possible with large haemorrhage of pons. Intensive and supportive care can be continued if the patients start showing some improvement with the treatment.
Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activities of Resveratrol and Valproic Acid Ester Derivatives with Anti-Bladder-Cancer Effects
Authors: song juhyun , jo ara , bae songmi , byun ae sun , kim hyeryeong , choi Hyeong rok , jung Ilsoo , chung jinwoong , Yu Chen , Jung Dai-il
Published: March 2022

Bladder cancer is a frequently diagnosed cancer that has caused many deaths over the past few decades, especially in men. Surgery and drugs are used for treatment, but there are no anticancer drugs that can effectively treat this condition. In this study, we synthesized a new anticancer drug with known anticancer effects. Specifically, we synthesized esters and acid anhydrides via esterification and identified a product with significant anticancer effects. The anticancer effects of (E)-5-(4-hydroxystyryl)-1,3-phenylene didodecanoate (compound 2) on human bladder cancer cells were confirmed using an MTT assay and Annexin V staining. We found that cell viability was markedly reduced by compound 2 in bladder cancer cells at concentrations ≥ 4 mM as compared to that in control cells (P < 0.05). Moreover, the ratio of total apoptotic cells significantly increased at 6 mM, with low toxicity in normal cells. These results demonstrated that compound 2 may serve as a novel anticancer drug candidate for the treatment of human bladder cancer.
Energy Poverty clustering by using power-cut job order data of the Electricity Distribution Companies
Authors: emre tamer , Sözen Adnan
Published: March 2022

The identification of the population suffering from energy poverty is an essential requirement for producing systematic and sustainable solutions. A large amount of data, such as identity information, wage information, health information, asset information (title deed, rental income), expenditure information, debt information, credit information, bank records, etc. is used in the literature and country applications for this determination. The primary indicator of energy poverty is the arrears on utility bills. The arrears resulting from the affordability problem of the energy consumed trigger a power cut-off job order in the utility company. This research examines the literature and country social assistance implementation data to see how an energy poverty level can be identified using details on arrears and power-cut job orders. On this subject, power-cut job orders were constituted, because of arrears on utility bills, were subjected to statistical analysis, and the compatibility of arrear trend data with the socio-economic development index was investigated. Cities with a less indexes have more utility bill arrears in terms of both number and volume, according to correlation-test data. Non-technical losses are linked to less defined characteristics (loss & theft). The relationship between the growth index and the number of customers is another intriguing finding. Separating the consumption levels of arrears, it is found that 63% of total non-payment is depending on 18% of consumers. Trend analysis confirmed that every energy consumption level has the absolute and fluctuated component inside. The number of people inside the absolute poverty cluster is coherent with national and international approaches almost in the same number. The findings revealed that arrears on utility bills can be used specifically to assess the population identified with energy dependency rather than relying on evidence from a variety of sources.
Lack of Anti-Predator Recognition in a Marine Isopod Under the Threat of an Invasive Predatory Crab
Authors: Yli-Renko Maria , Pettay Jenni , Rothäusler Eva , Vesakoski Outi
Published: March 2022

The prey naïveté hypothesis suggests that the failure of prey to recognize novel predators as a threat is caused by a lack of anti-predator adaptations. We tested this hypothesis in a unique natural setting, where the isopod Idotea balthica encountered the rapidly spreading invasive crab, Rhithropanopeus harrissii. Earlier research had indicated high mortality of the isopods during exposure to R. harrissii. The isopod exerted no co-evolutionary history with any littoral crabs and thus the strong impact could be caused by lack of pre-adaptations towards the new prey species. We tested this hypothesis by studying the anti-predator responses of the isopods with water-born cues of R. harrissii and of the native predatory fish Perca fluviatilis. Compared to control water, the isopods lowered their activity when exposed to the fish cue. Instead crab cue did not induce anti-predator behaviour. We also tested our own hypothesis that mortality caused by novel predator would cause – similarly as predation by P. fluviatilis – differing selection for the two sexes and contribute to the evolution of personalities. However we found no differences in anti-predator behaviour nor in mortality between the sexes or personalities of the isopods. The outcomes reveal an interesting evolutionary scenario, where predation by local predator induce soft selection on prey characteristics, but invasive species cause hard selection without differentiating between prey individuals. Our study – conducted in the dawn of the population outbreak of R. harrissii - provides an excellent reference point for studies resolving the evolutionary impacts of invasive predators on naïve prey.
Repeatability of Radiomics Studies in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Liu Ying , Wei Xiaoqin , Feng Xu , Liu Yan , Feng Guiling , du yong
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Recently, radiomics has been widely used in colorectal cancer, but many variable factors affect the repeatability of radiomics research. This review aims to analyze the repeatability of radiomics studies in colorectal cancer and to evaluate the current status of radiomics in the field of colorectal cancer.Methods: A total of 68 eligible studies was included in this review by searching from the PubMed and EmBase databases. Then each study in our review was evaluated using the Radiomics Quality Score (RQS). We analyzed the factors that may affect the repeatability in the radiomics workflow and discussed the repeatability of the included researches.Results: A total of 68 articles was included in this review, of which only 2 (3%) articles controlled the influence of individual factors, just 2 (3%) articles considered the variability between scanners. In addition, the median score of RQS was 12(out of 36), range −7 to + 28. Conclusions: ﻿The RQS score was moderately low, and most studies did not consider the repeatability of radiomics features, especially in terms of Intra-individual, scanners, and scanning parameters. In order to improve the generalization of the radiomics model, it is necessary to further control the variable factors of repeatability.
Hyper Triplet-Triplet Fusion Blue Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diode
Authors: Chen Chia-Hsun , Lee Pei-Hsi , Lin Hung-Yi , Lin Bo-Yen , Leung Man-kit , Chiu Tien-Lung , Lee Jiun-Haw
Published: March 2022

Triplet is like a double-edged knife, that can degrade or benefit the electroluminescence performances of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), especially for blue light. Therefore, efficient triplet harvesting for triplet-triplet fusion (TTF) fluorescence emission is essential to achieving high-efficiency blue TTF-OLEDs, which are known for their excellent reliability. This study presents a hyper-TTF mechanism for maximizing triplet exciton usage and avoiding triplet-polaron quenching to generate more photons through Dexter energy transfer (DET) and TTF processes. Specially, a triplet tank layer (TTL) was introduced adjacent to the TTF emitting layer (EML). Efficient carrier recombination and triplet generation are confined to the TTL of the device. Most triplets were observed to undergo DET from the TTL to the TTF EML; they subsequently became singlets exhibiting delayed fluorescence. Furthermore, the triplet-polaron quenching is suppressed by inhibiting hole into the TTF EML. A record-high TTF-OLED efficiency was achieved with an external quantum efficiency of 15.4%.
Reception of Social Education Ideas of Foreign (late 19th – early 20th centuries) and Soviet Pedagogy in the Theory and Practice of Transbaikal Scientists
Authors:   St. Petersburg Union of Scientists, Antonina V. Rogova
Published: March 2022

In accordance with the current relevance of the issues of socialization of the younger generations, the article analyzes the development of methodology and methodology of social education in foreign and Soviet pedagogy of the 1920s–1930s. Two directions of the social education implementation are identified: one focused on the preparation of a citizen subordinate to the state interests, considered from the standpoint of an authoritarian approach, and the other – related to the education of an initiative active, creatively self-fulfilling personality, conditioned by a humanistic approach. The author of the article emphasizes the anthropological significance of the social development of the individual, formulated the fundamental principles of positive social education. It shows the departure in subsequent years from the leading positions of humanistic reform pedagogy and the ideas of the classics of Soviet pedagogy. At the same time, the continuity of the personal orientation of social education in the theory and practice of V. A. Sukhomlinsky and such Transbaikal historians of pedagogy as G. A. Barkin and A. F. Verkhotina is revealed. The author of the article characterizes the contribution of the Transbaikal scientists who reveal their own understanding of the process of social formation of a person on the basis of understanding the humanistic component of the concept of the founders of Soviet pedagogy. The article indicates that the accumulated significant historical and pedagogical potential of positive socialization can be useful for solving modern problems in the field of social education. Despite the fact that considerable experience of positive social education has been accumulated in the history of pedagogy, the entry into the digital age, which has not only a positive but also a negative impact on a person, presupposes the creative development of the heritage of the past and requires new approaches to social education issues.
Contamination of heterogeneous lower crust in Hannuoba tholeiite: Evidence from in situ trace elements and strontium isotopes of plagioclase
Authors: Su Yu-Tong , Yang Zong-Feng , Guo Shuang-Yan , Li Pei-Pei
Published: March 2022

The Hannuoba basalt, located in the northern margin of the North China Craton, is a typical intra-continental basalt with ocean island basalt-like geochemical features and has been extensively studied. However, its origin and deep processes, such as magma mixing and crystallization conditions, are still unclear. To further understand the mechanisms leading to the compositional heterogeneity and magmatic processes of Hannuoba basalt at crustal and/or mantle depth, in situ major element, trace element, and 87Sr/86Sr compositional heterogeneity of four representative plagioclase crystals in three Hannuoba tholeiite samples, as well as whole-rock major and trace element data, are reported. According to the petrographic characteristics, the basalts are divided into fine-grained and coarse-grained groups. The anorthite content in plagioclase of samples varies in a small range (56–64%), but the content of trace elements in plagioclase from the coarse-grained samples is generally higher than that of the fine-grained samples. Clinopyroxene-melt equilibrium thermobarometer and plagioclase-clinopyroxene magnesium and rare earth element exchange thermometers show that the magma for the two types of basalt was stored and crystallized at a similar depth, and crystallized within a 20 °C (fine-grained basalt) and 50 °C (coarse-grained basalt) temperature window, which may be a reason for the grain size differences between the two types of basalts. We found that 87Sr/86Sr of all the studied plagioclase crystals varied from 0.70333 ± 0.00018 (2SE) to 0.70556 ± 0.00031 (2SE), a much large range than the whole rock of Hannuoba basalts reported previously and consistent with that of Cenozoic basalts in North China. Therefore, at least two kinds of melts with significant differences in isotope and minor heterogeneity in major and trace elements are injected into each magma plumbing system. The content of trace elements in the Hanuoba tholeiite is between the Hanuoba alkaline basalt and the lower crust, which may be explained by the mixing of the alkaline basalt and the lower crust, but the low 87Sr/86Sr (<0.704) characteristics of plagioclase cannot be derived from alkaline basalts, because trace element abundances in the plagioclase are not in equilibrium with the alkaline basalt. Therefore, we believe that the compositional heterogeneity of Hannuoba tholeiitic basalt is caused by the mixing of heterogeneous lower crust rather than different mantle-derived melts. In turn this indicates that the contribution of the continental lower crust to the continental basalt is more complicated than previously recognized.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRESSURE CONTROL VENTILATION VERSUS VOLUME CONTROL VENTILATION IN PEDIATRIC ICU PATIENTS NEEDING MECHANICAL VENTILATION FOR OXYGENATION AND AIRWAY PRESSURES
Authors:   Senior Resident, Dept of Paediatrics, Tripura Medical College, Hapania, Tripura., Sarkar Chayan , Bang Akash ,   Assoc Professor, Dept of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra., Jain Manish ,   Professor and HOD , Dept of Paediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra.
Published: March 2022

Background: To evaluate whether in pediatric patients requiring mechanical ventilation does volume control ventilation as compared to pressure control ventilation improve the oxygenation and other airway parameters . We conducted a randomized , prospective study on 133 patient who were randomly allocated in volume control and pressure control modes and the partial pressure of oxygen and carbon-di-oxide in the blood gas analysis of patients in both the groups were compared . Results: The results of outcome variables were suggestive of improved oxygenation but raised airway pressure in VC group compared to PC. Conclusions: Improved oxygenation was observed in Volume control mode as compared to pressure control mode . However airway pressure was significantly higher in the volume control group . The difference in outcome due to these differences needs further research.
PNEUMORACHIS: COMPLICATION RARE DECOUVERTE CHEZ UN PATIENT CONNU ASTHMATIQUE
Authors:   Service Des Urgences Pediatrique, Faculte De Medecine Et De Pharmacie, Universite De Fes, BP 1893, 200, Route De Sidi-Hrazem-Km 2,30000 Fes, Maroc., Hinaje FZ. , Tadmouri I. ,   Service Des Urgences Pediatrique, Faculte De Medecine Et De Pharmacie, Universite De Fes, BP 1893, 200, Route De Sidi-Hrazem-Km 2,30000 Fes, Maroc., Hida M. ,   Service Des Urgences Pediatrique, Faculte De Medecine Et De Pharmacie, Universite De Fes, BP 1893, 200, Route De Sidi-Hrazem-Km 2,30000 Fes, Maroc.
Published: March 2022

The pneumorachis or the presence of intraspinal air, is a rare entity of fortuitous discovery which can be of traumatic, infectious, iatrogenic origin or more rarely associated with a spontaneous pneumomediastinum. This pathology is usually asymptomatic, the air resolvesspontaneously and completely by passing into the bloodstream. Wereport a very rare case of cervico-dorsal pneumorachis complicatingspontaneous pneumomediastinum and cervical subcutaneousemphysema revealed by spinal pain and whose cause was a severeasthma attack.
THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF NATIVE CHICKEN AT STARTER PERIOD AFFECTED BY BLACK SOLDIER FLY LARVAE FROM HOUSEHOLD WASTE MEDIA
Authors:   Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Pembangunan Panca Budi, Medan, Indonesia., Julia Sari Siregar Dini , Setyaningrum Sri ,   Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Pembangunan Panca Budi, Medan, Indonesia., a Warisman ,   Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Pembangunan Panca Budi, Medan, Indonesia.
Published: March 2022

This study was to evaluate the growth performance of native chicken at starter period affected by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) from household waste. This study was used 120 DOC of native chicken, black soldier larvae from household waste and basal diet (EM 3000 kcal/kg and CP 19%). This study was used completely randomized designed contain 6 treatments with 4 replicates. The treatment at this study consists of P0 = control (commercial feed), P1 = basal diet, P2 = basal diet + BSFL and its media 5%, P3 = basal diet + BSFL and its media 10%, P4 = basal diet + BSFL and its media 15%, and P5 = basal diet + BSFL and its media 20%. The parameters of this study were feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion. The results of this study showed that treatment of BSFL and its media had not significant effect on feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion. Conclusion in this study was the BSFL and its media had positive effect at native chicken at starter period.
CONGENITAL ELEVATION OF SCAPULA IN CHILDREN: ABOUT 7 CASES
Authors:   Assistant Professor of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine of Agadir. University Ibn Zohr Morocco., Cherrabi Hind , Atarraf Karima ,   Professor of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine of Fes University Mohammed ben Abdellah Morocco., Abderrahmane Afifi Moualy ,   Professor of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine of Fes University Mohammed ben Abdellah Morocco.
Published: March 2022

The congenital elevation of the scapula, also known as Sprengel deformity, is a rare condition characterized by a high, dysmorphic scapula. We report a series of 7 cases of scapula elevation, collected at the Department of Traumatology- Pediatric Orthopedics of CHU Hassan II of Fez, over a period of 6 years, from November 2010 to September 2016.
HEMODYNAMIC CHANGES IN LOW DOSE INTRATHECAL DEXMEDETOMIDINE AND CLONIDINE AS ADJUVANT TO BUPIVACAINE - A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors:   Senior Resident, Dept of Paediatrics, Tripura Medical College, Hapania, Tripura., Sarkar Chayan , Jain Sudha ,   Assoc Professor, Dept of Anaesthesiology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra., Tidke Sucheta ,   Professor and HOD, Dept of Paediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra., Debnath Moumita ,   Junior Resident, Dept of Biochemistry, Agartala Government Medical College, Agartala, Tripura.
Published: March 2022

Background : To evaluate the effect of low dose intrathecal dexmedetomidine and clonidine as adjuvant to bupivacaine on hemodynamic parameters of the patients . A total of 60 patients , scheduled for lower abdominal , lower limb and gynaecological procedures were selected to participate in this prospective , randomised double blind study . After injecting the drug time were noted (T0) and the patient were turned to supine position . Preoperative systolic and diastolic blood pressure , Heart rate were noted at specific time interval. Results : Heart rate , systolic blood pressure , diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure were compared in both the groups and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups . Conclusions : Both clonidine and dexmedetomidine as adjuvant to bupivacaine showed fall in heart rate , systolic blood pressure , diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure . However there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in these parameters.