bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Settlement as a determinant for community’s resilience to local economic development in Ghana
Authors: Vorodam J B , Rashid M F , Misnan S H
Published: September 2022

Local Economic Development (LED) is the main anchor through which economic development is achieved by building entrepreneurial capacities and improving opportunities for economic growth and citizens’ quality of life, especially in rural settlements. In Ghana, the implementation of LED is under the Ministry of Local Government, Decentralization and Rural Development (MLDGRD) through the Metropolitan, Municipal, and District Assemblies (MMDAs) at the local level. The implementation of LED contributes significantly to Ghana’s economic growth, business creation, and employment generation. LED is therefore identified as essential to sustainable development and poverty reduction in rural settlements in Ghana. However, the challenges of poor implementation of the LED policy are financial constraints to implement LED activities at the local level, performance action of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) towards LED, and limited exploration of the sanitation value chain LED efforts at the local level. The poor capacity of small-medium micro enterprises (SMMEs) and smallholder farmers have often affected the successful implementation of LED activities at the local level. Hence, this paper seeks to identify the determinants for resilience in Local Economic Development in Ghana. The paper further provides an overview of the LED challenges in Ghana. Finally, this paper recommends appropriate theoretical frameworks that integrate the determinants for the resilience of Local Economic Development to address the identified challenges of LED, leading to poverty reduction in Ghana.
Design performance of urban transition house towards livable urban settlement; a case study from Semanggi Surakarta Indonesia
Authors: Ikhsan Fauzan Ali , Sari Pratiwi Anjar , Handayani K N , Pitana T S
Published: September 2022

Urban area rejuvenation efforts often face temporary relocation constrain. The Semanggi transition house is a house that functions as a temporary residence for communities affected by the structuring and rejuvenation of slums in Surakarta City. The Semanggi transition house is designed by applying the concept of a “Rumah Instan Sederhana Sehat” (RISHA). It was built using a modular system, one of the solutions for the procurement of housing for low-income people who are starting to apply to the handling of slum and dense settlements in Indonesia. This study aims to identify the design performance of the Semanggi transition house. The research location is on The Semanggi Sub-communal, one of the transition houses to temporarily accommodate residents affected by the slum area rejuvenation project on the banks of the Bengawan Solo River. The results of this study found that the performance of the transition house design can accommodate the activities of its occupants with several adjustments. The social and cultural background of the occupants influences the performance of the transitional house design. This study result is expected to be used as an evaluation and recommendation for the planning and design development of transitional housing complexes outside Surakarta.
Stay-at-home: impact of pandemic covid-19 on the use of indoor space in Malaysian households
Authors: Kamarudin K H , Golam Hassan A A , Mohamed A , Yahya A S , Rashid M F
Published: September 2022

The prolongation of the Pandemic COVID-19 has undermined the healthcare system and negatively impacted the economy and social development on a global and regional scale. At the human settlement level, responding to the pandemic situation has altered the broad spectrum of our daily routine down to the family and individual levels. Prior to the lockdown popularly known as the Movement Control Order (MCO), which the government introduced, the public was urged to limit outdoor movements and stay at home hence, encouraging the adoption of Work From Home (WFH) for employees and Home-based Teaching and Learning (PdPR) for the academic community and school students. Other than technological readiness for online working and teaching, the new normal also prompted new challenges for households in utilizing indoor spaces at home, especially for quarantine as well as for WFH and PdPR activities. In this light, a series of household surveys using questionnaires to determine the preference and usage of indoor space among households have been conducted in 39 locations/settlements across peninsular Malaysia. A total of 504 respondents participated and fieldwork and interview processes. Findings of the study indicated a majority of respondents have to designate indoor spaces/rooms for home quarantine (58%), and the three indoor spaces, in particular, have been monitored regularly by respondents during the pandemic, namely living areas (39%), kitchen (25%) and bedroom (21%). During MCO, most of them spent 1 to 4 hours per day for PdPR (43%), and 47% of respondents have a designated learning space at home for PdPR. In summary, pandemic COVID-19 has raised awareness among households regarding the selection and usage of indoor space to conduct various activities while they have to stay at home.
Sustainable activities for the informal sector traders in the post-covid-19 in the public space around the Manahan Sport Stadium Area Surakarta City
Authors: Widjajanti Retno , Setyowati Erni , Kurniawati Wakhidah , Damayanti Nophia Gaby , Delareza Geovani
Published: September 2022

The activity supports as one of the elements of urban designs which grow and develop because there are the main activities there are informal sector traders that can provide job opportunities for the jobless people due to the pandemic. However, those particular objects places in the public space are often considered to interfere with other activities around it, so finally, it becomes an element out of place. In addition, the condition of disturbing others done by informal sector traders also occurred in Surakarta City, which much disrupted, whereas actually their informal sector trader activities were basically needed to support their own needs. It is a real urban activity that must be accommodated, so it can turn into an in-place element and impact sustainable activities even during the pandemic. In supporting the sustainable activities of informal sector traders in the post-Covid-19, it was done research aimed to explain sustainable activities for informal sector traders in the post-Covid-19 public spaces. The method used was a quantitative method through questionnaires, observations, and cross-tabulation to analyze the characteristics of sustainable activity for informal sector traders in the post-Covid-19 public spaces. The results showed that the characteristics of sustainable activities for informal sector traders include the main activities based on the area, the type of products, trading facilities, a trading time, a spare pattern, hawker units’ informal sector traders’ activities during the Covid-19 pandemic and informal sector activities in the post-Covid-19.
Urban region formation of small cities and the growth of urban settlements in peripheries: the case of Tegal and Pekalongan urban regions in Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Mardiansjah Fadjar Hari , Sugiri Agung , Ma’rif Samsul
Published: September 2022

The expansion of urban areas has become spatial feature in the urbanization process of cities in Indonesia. As the most densely populated island in the world, Java has experienced such formation in both large and smaller cities. In most cases of expanded urban formations of small cities in Java, the formation has also created growing towns or urban settlements in the peripheries. Using the cases of the expanded urbanization process occurring in Tegal City and Pekalongan City, two smaller cities of Java whose urban areas have expanded into the territory of surrounding regency (regencies or non-urban districts), this paper aims to elaborate on an understanding of the extent of which the growth of urban settlements in peripheries in the expansion process of small cities. The research, which uses the territory of subdistricts to delineate the towns, tries to find how the spatial process affects the formation of urban regions as well as the towns in the peripheries. The analysis on villages’ transformation in peripheries was implemented by showing the spatial evolution of population density in the regions. Next, the development of towns in peripheries was analyzed to show the influence of such an urbanization process on the formation of towns in the peripheries of small or medium cities in Java. Time series and comparison analysis are employed to develop an understanding of how urbanization affects spatial formation in peripheries. The results show that the urbanization process of small cities needs to be managed in integrated manner so then the urbanization and peri-urbanization processes can be directed to produce better formation of the urban region.
Sustainability of the informal sector space in urban areas in the post-covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Widjajanti Retno , Fatah Murbana Parandita Anisa , Eka Saputri Windy Anggista
Published: September 2022

The informal sector retailers in Indonesia are considered problems in the urban public spaces and a disturbance of comfort, traffics, views, and environmental cleanliness as a concern during the Covid-19 pandemic period. Until now, the government policies toward the retailers are in the form of eviction. In fact, these activities are actual activities that happen around urban areas, so they must be accommodated. Accommodating those activities is reinforced by its advantage that can provide a livelihood for marginalized people who have a problem due to the pandemic critical events. These activities could be sustainable in urban spaces. Their existence problems were found in Salatiga City, so it’s necessary to study the space as a place for their activities there under the pandemic period. This study aims to examine the retailers’ spaces during the pandemic in Pancasila Square Salatiga City. This study applies a quantitative approach using cross-tabulation to understand the relation of the variables between spaces and the activity characteristics of the retailers. Data was collected using observations and questionnaires. The results describe a suitable location, comfortable place, and sustainable spaces for retailers during the pandemic which will have an impact on the sustainability of the informal sector retailers in urban public spaces.
Missing Policy for Supporting Cultural Heritage Preservation of Batik Industry Clusters in Barlingmascakeb Region, Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Prihadi , Damayanti Maya , Artiningsih Artiningsih , Lestari Dwi , Putri Novita Rohmana
Published: September 2022

The emergence of ‘new’ batik industry clusters in the Java mainland in the early 2000s has raised inquiries towards the interplay between indigenous business formation and government intervention. Following the historical trajectories, the batik industry has performed an intergenerational family business model by forwarding long-standing local genius in local development. However, top-down government intervention has also taken a key role in driving the local batik industry. Batik industry clusters in Barlingmascakeb Region may perform differently. This study focuses on scrutinizing how their persistence may contribute to local development where either the tradition root or policy support is missing. A mixed-method approach with sequential strategy was used by conducting case study analysis of the key informants and statistical analysis on the development of batik industry clusters in situ. The results show that their persistence is mostly encouraged by opportunistic trading businesses with little multiplier effects to local development. The local government policy merely serves a program matching instead of promoting the so-called cultural heritage preservation. As a result, the localized cultural identity brought by the batik industry clusters is unrecognizable and leaving profit-taking of the batik trading at the place.
The Effect of the “Kampung Bahari” Sustainable Development Program on the Kampong Tambak Lorok Community Semarang
Authors: Syahri Endah Kartika , Susanti Retno
Published: September 2022

Kampong Tambak Lorok is a place where fishers live on the north coast of Semarang City, facing the problem of tidal flooding and land subsidence. To overcome the issue at Tambak Lorok, the Semarang City Government launched an improvement program with the theme Kampung Bahari. Maritime means life related to the existence of the sea. The program is a medium-term infrastructure improvement. This study aims to determine the effect of infrastructure development through the Kampong Bahari program on the people of Tambak Lorok village. This study used as many as 20 household heads who were selected based on their length of stay in Tambak Lorok Village. The Likert analysis method was used to generate categories and indicators of influence variables based on public perception. Furthermore, the correlation analysis method determines the relationship between infrastructure development results and public perception. The analysis results show that the community strongly supports infrastructure development, especially those relating to the handling of tidal inundation. Communities directly affected by infrastructure development give a higher positive perception value. In addition, infrastructure development has changed the area’s morphology to be more organized and increased opportunities for the community to increase their income and their sustainability.
Reconditioning the resilience of Palu City within the natural disaster stories
Authors: Allokendek M L , Ellisa E
Published: September 2022

In September 2018, the city of Palu was devastated by three natural disasters: an earthquake, a tsunami, and liquefaction. The disaster impacted most of the city, including the destruction of the city’s coastal areas by the tsunami, and some places experienced ’moving land’ or liquefaction. Both disasters were triggered by an earthquake with a magnitude of ±7M, which caused numerous buildings to collapse and thousands of casualties. Nevertheless, this series of tragedies force the city to adapt and rebuild a new life. Using the qualitative approach, this research seeks to understand how Palu’s city life changes in terms of resilience, supported by the exploration of the city’s historical, natural, and urban morphology. This research was also done based on author’s own first-hand experience of natural disasters in Palu. The finding revealed that the city of Palu has a long history of natural disasters, yet the people still desire to continue living in Palu. The government created new urban spaces and embraced adaptive design by enacting the ratification of new regulations regarding urban development planning that place greater attention on disaster issues. Finally, natural disasters let people and cities learn more about how to safely cope with living in natural disaster-prone cities.
The Impact of The Land Use Changes Through Batang Spatial Planning on The Ecosystem Services on Climate Management
Authors: Pugara A , Pradana B , Priambudi B N
Published: September 2022

The Indonesian government through Presidential Regulation Number 79 of 2019 and Presidential Regulation No. 109 of 2020, established an Integrated industrial zone in Batang (KIT Batang). At the local level, it is followed up by spatial planning revision of the Batang Regency. At that policy, many agricultural areas will convert into the industrial zone and their supporting facilities. It accommodates more than 3.000 Ha of the industrial zone increment including KIT Batang. On the other hand, the main issue in a coastal area such as Batang Regency is the increasing level of seawater resulting from climate change. Climate change is caused by global warming. Moreover, global warming is affected by increasing CO2 in the air. That phenomenon occurred by several factors such as increasing carbon emission by vehicles, decreasing the area of the green zone, increasing the high carbon emission activity, and so on. Most of the global warming factor is derived from industrial zone activity. By that fact, the researchers want to ensure the impact of Batang Integrated Industrial zone establishment on the ecosystem services, especially the Climate Management Service. The research is conducted by the deductive–qualitative– rationalistic paradigm. The deductive starts from resuming the theory regarding ecosystem services on climate management and then synthesis of the variable and factor. It will be compared to the empirical fact and analyzed quantitatively through scoring and spatial analysis, By using the 2019 (start years of new spatial planning of Batang) and 2039 (end years of Batang spatial planning) data, this research aims to identify the land convert phenomena to measure the ecosystem services changes.
Environmental Sustainability through Agriculture: Perspectives of Extension Agents on Adoption of Sustainable Practices
Authors: Sulaiman Nazia Khalida , Misnan Siti Hajar
Published: September 2022

Agriculture is an integral part of the world’s economy and global food security, but excessive use of fertilizer and improper use of pesticides are harmful to the environment. This creates the importance of encouraging farmers to practice sustainable agriculture to decrease environmental impacts and conserve natural resources. Increasing the rate of adoption requires an understanding of the farmer’s process of transition from conventional to sustainable agriculture. Extension agents play an important role as they are trained to provide information towards the process of transition. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore barriers to the adoption of sustainable agriculture through the perspectives of extension agents that worked with farmers. This qualitative study is based on in-depth interviews with 20 extension agents from the agricultural department in Johor, gathered through purposive sampling. Three stages of deductive content analysis were used, consisting of preparation, organizing, and reporting phases. The process of coding was carried out using Nvivo software. Findings from this study highlighted barriers such as lack of knowledge of sustainable practices and insufficient labor have mainly hindered adoption. Approaches such as providing a platform for farmers to connect, learn, and share techniques of sustainable agriculture could help alleviate the barriers identified in the study.
Transportation system impact on spatial interaction in Batang integrated industrial area
Authors: Priambudi Bagus Nuari , Pradana Brian , Pugara Ade
Published: September 2022

The structure and use of urban land have a key role in a transportation system has significant impact on Batang land use. Because it is very influential on the demand and capacity of the transportation system related to human mobility. The relationship between land use and transportation systems can be defined in terms of spatial interaction. This spatial interaction arises because of the generation and attraction activity of the movement between two important entities. The higher the activity, the stronger the interaction will be. In addition, the form of urban spatial planning also greatly influences the interactions that occur. However, the problem is that if there is a large infrastructure project, it will tend to trigger changes in land use along with the spatial interactions in it. This article will examine in more depth the possibility of spatial interactions that occur in the Batang Regency due to the activities of the Batang Integrated Industrial Estate. So that it can be seen the dynamics of land-use changes that occur due to large spatial interactions in the area. The approach used in this research is quantitative deductive. The discussion in this article consists of several stages, namely a review of literature studies on land use and spatial interactions. Furthermore, the results of the review carried out the process of modeling the spatial interaction of transportation to describe the activities that occur in the area. The results show that the spatial interaction of transportation will be oriented along the main road axis and has a high intensity. Because the main road tends to be served efficiently by public transportation. However, in an area that is not traversed by the main road axis, spatial interactions still exist with random patterns and low intensity.
Design, analysis and validation of a centralized shifting mechanism with an electrical actuator
Authors: C Kannan , Agarwal Saksham , Dighe Harshad , Dash Rajata Kumar
Published: September 2022

A sports utility vehicle (SUV) can be driven on different kinds of rugged surfaces and terrains. The shifting between different drive modes can improve fuel economy and handling based on driving conditions. This study aims to put forth a mechanism that will simplify the 2WD to 4WD switching and minimize the number of components. When a vehicle makes a turn while operating in 4WD mode, several stresses are induced, leading to driveline windup. The proposed mechanism will help in releasing the stress accumulation in driveline windup. A market survey was done to compare the efficiencies and reliability of different mechanisms available. Eventually, it was decided to use an electrical actuating system to engage and disengage the mechanism. A motion study was performed in SOLIDWORKS followed by Rapid Prototyping to verify its working to validate the design. This research also focuses on weight reduction and making the system compatible with different drivetrain layouts. FEA was performed in ANSYS to simulate the strength, reliability and compare different materials based on maximum deformation, equivalent von mises stress and factor of safety. This work aims to lay a foundation for future developments in the shifting mechanism used in an automobile.
Tropical tangents for complete intersection curves
Authors: Ilten Nathan , Len Yoav
Published: September 2022

We consider the tropicalization of tangent lines to a complete intersection curveXXinPn\mathbb {P}^n. Under mild hypotheses, we describe a procedure for computing the tropicalization of the image of the Gauss map ofXXin terms of the tropicalizations of the hypersurfaces cutting outXX. We apply this to obtain descriptions of the tropicalization of the dual varietyX∗X^*and tangential varietyτ(X)\tau (X)ofXX. In particular, we are able to compute the degrees ofX∗X^*andτ(X)\tau (X)and the Newton polytope ofτ(X)\tau (X)without using any elimination theory.
Calderón–Zygmund operators on RBMO
Authors: Doubtsov Evgueni , Vasin Andrei
Published: September 2022

Let

μ
\mu

be an

n
n

-dimensional finite positive measure on

R

m

\mathbb {R}^m

. We obtain a

T
1

T1

condition sufficient for the boundedness of Calderón–Zygmund operators on

R
B
M
O

(
μ
)

\mathrm {RBMO}(\mu )

, the regular BMO space of Tolsa [Math. Ann. 319 (2001), pp. 89–149].
A class of inverse curvature flows and 𝐿^{𝑝} dual Christoffel-Minkowski problem
Authors: Ding Shanwei , Li Guanghan
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we consider a large class of expanding flows of closed, smooth, star-shaped hypersurface in Euclidean space

R

n
+
1

\mathbb {R}^{n+1}

with speed

ψ

u
α

ρ
δ

f

−
β

\psi u^\alpha \rho ^\delta f^{-\beta }

, where

ψ
\psi

is a smooth positive function on unit sphere,

u
u

is the support function of the hypersurface,

ρ
\rho

is the radial function,

f
f

is a smooth, symmetric, homogenous of degree one, positive function of the principal curvatures of the hypersurface on a convex cone. When

ψ
=
1

\psi =1

, we prove that the flow exists for all time and converges to infinity if

α
+
δ
+
β
⩽
1

\alpha +\delta +\beta \leqslant 1

, and

α
⩽
0
>
β

\alpha \leqslant 0>\beta

, while in case

α
+
δ
+
β
>
1

\alpha +\delta +\beta >1

,

α
,
δ
⩽
0
>
β

\alpha ,\delta \leqslant 0>\beta

, the flow blows up in finite time, and where we assume the initial hypersurface to be strictly convex. In both cases the properly rescaled flows converge to a sphere centered at the origin. In particular, the results of Gerhardt [J. Differential Geom. 32 (1990), pp. 299–314; Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations 49 (2014), pp. 471–489] and Urbas [Math. Z. 205 (1990), pp. 355–372] can be recovered by putting

α
=
δ
=
0

\alpha =\delta =0

. Our previous works [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 148 (2020), pp. 5331–5341; J. Funct. Anal. 282 (2022), p. 38] and Hu, Mao, Tu and Wu [J. Korean Math. Soc. 57 (2020), pp. 1299–1322] can be recovered by putting

δ
=
0

\delta =0

and

α
=
0

\alpha =0

respectively. By the convergence of these flows, we can give a new proof of uniqueness theorems for solutions to

L
p

L^p

-Minkowski problem and

L
p

L^p

-Christoffel-Minkowski problem with constant prescribed data. Similarly, we consider the

L
p

L^p

dual Christoffel-Minkowski problem and prove a uniqueness theorem for solutions to

L
p

L^p

dual Minkowski problem and

L
p

L^p

dual Christoffel-Minkowski problem with constant prescribed data. At last, we focus on the long time existence and convergence of a class of anisotropic flows (i.e. for general function

ψ
\psi

). The final result not only gives a new proof of many previously known solutions to

L
p

L^p

dual Minkowski problem,

L
p

L^p

-Christoffel-Minkowski problem, etc. by such anisotropic flows, but also provides solutions to

L
p

L^p

dual Christoffel-Minkowski problem with some conditions.
Simple dimension groups that are isomorphic to stationary inductive limits
Authors: Maloney Gregory
Published: September 2022

A dimension group is an ordered abelian group that is an inductive limit of a sequence of simplicial groups, and a stationary dimension group is such an inductive limit in which the homomorphism is the same at every stage. If a simple dimension group is stationary then up to scalar multiplication it admits a unique trace (positive real-valued homomorphism), but the short exact sequence associated to this trace need not split. In an earlier paper, Handelman [J. Operator Theory 6 (1981), pp. 55–74] described these ordered groups concretely in the case when the trace has trivial kernel—i.e., the group is totally ordered—and in the case when the group is free. The main result here is a concrete description of how a stationary simple dimension group is built from the kernel and image of its trace. Specifically, every stationary simple dimension group contains the direct sum of the kernel of its trace with a copy of the image, and is generated by that direct sum and finitely many extra elements. Moreover, any ordered abelian group of this description is stationary.

The following interesting fact is proved along the way to the main result: given any positive integermmand any square integer matrixBB, there are two distinct integer powers ofBB, the difference of which has all entries divisible bymm.
Cohomology of configuration spaces of surfaces as mapping class group representations
Authors: Stavrou Andreas
Published: September 2022

We express the rational cohomology of the unordered configuration space of a compact oriented manifold as a representation of its mapping class group in terms of a weight-decomposition of the rational cohomology of the mapping space from the manifold to a sphere. We apply this to the case of a compact oriented surface with one boundary component and explicitly compute the rational cohomology of its unordered configuration space as a representation of its mapping class group. In particular, this representation is not symplectic, but has trivial action of the second Johnson filtration subgroup of the mapping class group.
State-density flows of non-degenerate density-dependent mean field SDEs and associated PDEs
Authors: Huang Ziyu , Tang Shanjian
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we study a combined system of a Fokker-Planck (FP) equation for

m

t
,
μ

m^{t,\mu }

with initial

(
t
,
μ
)
∈
[
0
,
T
]
×

L
2

(

R

d

)

(t,\mu )\in [0,T]\times L^2(\mathbb {R}^d)

, and a stochastic differential equation for

X

t
,
x
,
μ

X^{t,x,\mu }

with initial

(
t
,
x
)
∈
[
0
,
T
]
×

R

d

(t,x)\in [0,T]\times \mathbb {R}^d

, whose coefficients depend on the solution of FP equation. We develop a combined probabilistic and analytical method to explore the regularity of the functional
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper V left-parenthesis t comma x comma mu right-parenthesis equals double-struck upper E left-bracket normal upper Phi left-parenthesis upper X Subscript upper T Superscript t comma x comma mu Baseline comma m Superscript t comma mu Baseline left-parenthesis upper T comma dot right-parenthesis right-parenthesis right-bracket">

V
(
t
,
x
,
μ
)
=

E

[
Φ
(

X
T

t
,
x
,
μ

,

m

t
,
μ

(
T
,
⋅
)
)
]

V(t,x,\mu )=\mathbb {E}[\Phi (X^{t,x,\mu }_T,m^{t,\mu }(T,\cdot ))]

. Our main result states that, under a non-degenerate condition and appropriate regularity assumptions on the coefficients, the function

V
V

is the unique classical solution of a nonlocal partial differential equation of mean-field type. The proof depends heavily on the differential properties of the flow

μ
↦
(

m

t
,
μ

,

X

t
,
x
,
μ

)

\mu \mapsto (m^{t,\mu }, X^{t,x,\mu })

over

μ
∈

L
2

(

R

d

)

\mu \in L^2(\mathbb {R}^d)

. We also give an example to illustrate the role of our main result. Finally, we give a discussion on the

L
1

L^1

choice case in the initial

μ
\mu

.
Cubic fourfolds with an involution
Authors: Marquand Lisa
Published: September 2022

There are three types of involutions on a cubic fourfold; two of anti-symplectic type, and one symplectic. Here we show that cubics with involutions exhibit the full range of behaviour in relation to rationality conjectures. Namely, we show a general cubic fourfold with a symplectic involution has no associatedK3K3surface and is conjecturely irrational. In contrast, a cubic fourfold with a particular anti-symplectic involution has an associatedK3K3, and is in fact rational. We show such a cubic is contained in the intersection of all non-empty Hassett divisors; we call such a cubic Hassett maximal. We study the algebraic and transcendental lattices for cubics with an involution both lattice theoretically and geometrically.
Suslin homology via cycles with modulus and applications
Authors: Binda Federico , Krishna Amalendu
Published: September 2022

We show that for a smooth projective variety

X
X

over a field

k
k

and a reduced effective Cartier divisor

D
⊂
X

D \subset X

, the Chow group of 0-cycles with modulus

C

H
0

(
X

|

D
)

CH_0(X|D)

coincides with the Suslin homology

H
0
S

(
X
∖
D
)

H^S_0(X \setminus D)

under some necessary conditions on

k
k

and

D
D

. We derive several consequences, and we answer to a question of Barbieri-Viale and Kahn.
Propofol attenuates kinesin-mediated axonal vesicle transport and fusion
Authors: Frank Madeline , Nabb Alec T. , Gilbert Susan P. , Bentley Marvin
Published: September 2022

Propofol is a widely used general anesthetic that reduces kinesin run lengths in vitro, suggesting the hypothesis that propofol may disrupt anterograde kinesin transport in neurons. Here we find that propofol treatment of hippocampal neurons decreased vesicle transport mediated by KIF5 and KIF1A, delayed delivery of the cargo to the distal axon, and reduced axonal vesicle fusion.
Queering the Study of U.S. Military Family Communication
Authors: Sahlstein Parcell Erin , Romo Danielle C.
Published: September 2022

Military families in the United States reflect diverse family forms. They include not only “traditional” families but also single service members, women service members, dual-career couples, service member mothers, single-parent service members, service members of color, cohabitating military service members (i.e., nonmarried couples), LGB service members, and transgender service members. However, the research primarily reflects white, heterosexual, cisgender, different sexed, married couples who are able-bodied with biological children as well as postpositivist and interpretivist perspectives; trends that parallel interpersonal and family communication studies broadly speaking. Given calls for new approaches within these areas, and in particular military family communication research, scholars should consider “queering” the study of military family communication by including individuals who identify as queer but also varying the research theoretically. Studies that bring attention to different types of military families (e.g., LGBTQ+ military families) would make significant contributions to the scholarship and make these families as well as their unique experiences visible.

Informed by calls for critical military studies and the critical interpersonal and family communication framework (CIFC), recommendations are offered for future queer military family communication inquiry. First, a brief history of queer families in the military as well as the current state of military family communication scholarship are presented. Next, the CIFC framework, discourse dependence, and relational dialectics theory are discussed as conceptual paths for engaging in critical military family communication studies.
Asian American Media Networks
Authors: Lopez Lori Kido
Published: September 2022

When investigating the structures that support Asian American media, previous scholars have centered the role of Asian American media arts organizations and their yearly film festivals. Longstanding institutions such as Visual Communications, the Center for Asian American Media, and Asian CineVision have played an important role in shaping the rise of Asian American cinema through providing exhibition opportunities, funding, education, preservation, and advocacy. At a broader level, they have also created and maintained connections between Asian American media organizations and communities, facilitating the flow of Asian American media texts, resources, and communication within maker communities and outward to wider participants. But it has been less clear how these organizations and their events now fit into a broader Asian American media system. In analyzing participants such as filmmakers, media professionals, staff, and media audiences, but also components such as funding programs, distribution systems, and digital platforms, research has charted the evolution of these networks over time.
Welfare
Authors: Fletcher Guy
Published: September 2022

Welfare is the measure of how well someone’s life is going for them (either at one time or over a whole life). This concept is crucial throughout practical philosophy, appearing in debates in ethics, political philosophy, philosophy of law, and beyond.

Philosophical discussions of welfare have centered around the extent to which welfare is purely a matter of the quality of one’s experience, the extent to which it is a matter of getting what one desires or, instead, acquiring some fixed set of desire-independent goods and the extent to which it is related to one’s nature. Another set of debates concerns possible theories of welfare, questions about how many theories of welfare are needed to account for all of the facts about welfare, and whether discourse about welfare is linguistically or conceptually pluralistic in a deep and significant way.
Formation of Attitudes: How People (Wittingly or Unwittingly) Develop Their Viewpoints
Authors: Johnson Blair T. , Martinez-Berman Lisset , Curley Christine M.
Published: September 2022

An attitude is a mental tendency to evaluate an entity along an evaluative continuum with some degree of favor or disfavor; attitudes sum up liking or opinions toward something. The entity in question can take any form, from tactile to virtual, from physical to imagined, and often scholars reference the entities generically as attitude objects. Attitudes are important because they predict and are causally implicated in behavior, especially when they are strongly embedded for an individual as when attitudes align with core values or are linked to social allegiances. Attitudes, to the extent that they are non-neutral, are automatically activated by exposure to the entity. They also enable motivated reasoning: People with extreme views on issues tend to view the world through the lenses that these attitudes provide. Thus, efforts to remove cherished objects or freedoms are met with resistance, and attitudes, once established, often create a confirmation bias such that the initial attitude is affirmed no matter how strong the opposing evidence. Hence, factors that influence attitudes and their development, ranging from biological to cultural, are also important. Biological influences can concern relatively distal genetic, inherited factors (which probably influence personality and in turn attitudes) and relatively proximal factors (e.g., hunger or social needs). Attitudes are often passively acquired without deep introspection or deliberation: Hence, attitudes may be based on beliefs that have no basis in reality. They may have an internal psycho-logic—an appearance of organization—rather than being logical from an external perspective. Attitudes formed in youth often are maintained and generalized to numerous other entities across the life span. Attitudes are thus keys to understanding individual experiences. They scale from individuals into shared communities and societies or indeed the reverse—from communities and societies to individuals. Thus, attitudes are strongly cultural. The converse is also true: Culture reflects normatively shared attitudes. Indeed, attitudes take a prominent role not only in psychology but also across numerous fields, ranging from biology to sociology and anthropology to religion and the arts. They are important to phenomena as simple as choices of ice cream flavors and as consequential as intergroup relations (e.g., prejudice and discrimination, hate, and bias).
Job Crafting
Authors: Zhang Fangfang , Kaur Sabreen , Parker Sharon K.
Published: September 2022

It is difficult and sometimes impossible for organizations to design jobs that fit all employees due to increased complexity and uncertainty in the workplace. Scholars have proposed that employees can make changes to their jobs themselves by engaging in job crafting. Job crafting is defined as self-initiated change that employees make in their work to better fit their abilities, needs, and preferences. Employees can craft their jobs individually and collaboratively, as a team. Two main theoretical perspectives have been proposed, which are distinct in how they define job crafting. The application of these two job crafting perspectives has brought some confusion about the construct of job crafting and how it is measured, and has resulted in some challenges in synthesizing empirical studies. To reduce this confusion, scholars have integrated the two distinct job crafting paper; we begin by introducing the definitions and measurements of individual job crafting and team job crafting. Specifically, theories of job crafting are reviewed from two perspectives using three distinct categorizations, with approach crafting versus avoidance crafting identified as the most important. A great number of empirical studies have been conducted to investigate the consequences of job crafting and factors that affect it. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have shown positive effects of approach job crafting for employees, such as increased job satisfaction, motivation, work engagement, organizational commitment, and job performance, and decreased strain and turnover intentions. However, avoidance crafting has been associated with burnout and lowered job performance. Organizational factors and individual factors that affect individual job crafting have been identified, including job autonomy, organizational support, leadership, proactive personality, self-efficacy, and regulatory focus. Beyond antecedents and outcomes of job crafting that have been systematically reviewed in the literature, studies on job crafting have also (a) empirically tested the interrelationships of different job crafting constructs, (b) uncovered new forms of job crafting, (c) unraveled the complicated effects of job crafting, (d) unpacked the influences of social context in job crafting process and outcomes, (e) considered job crafting in different populations and contexts, (f) investigated the effect of cultural differences on job crafting, and (g) investigated antecedents and outcomes of team job crafting. Finally, evidence has shown that job crafting behaviors can be trained: intervention studies show the effectiveness of job crafting interventions in stimulating job crafting behaviors and related positive outcomes such as well-being, engagement, and performance.
The Sociotechnical Approach to Work Organization
Authors: Guest David E.
Published: September 2022

The sociotechnical approach, developed by psychologists at the Tavistock Institute of Human Relations in the 1950s, proposes that the design of work should seek to optimize both the social and the technical systems within organizations, offering a counter to ideas of technological determinism. It further suggests that organizations should be viewed as open systems, subject to sometimes unpredictable external and internal influences leading to a need for adaptability. The work group is viewed as the most relevant unit of analysis resulting in advocacy of autonomous work groups offering group members high levels of control over their work. Workers should participate in the design of their work and receive training and support to enable their involvement. This influential concept stimulated a large body of research in many countries. Despite some notable positive examples, outcomes were often mixed, reflecting the challenges of managing and sustaining significant change. The concept of joint optimization has also proved problematic, with psychologists tending to focus on the social system, while engineers give greater emphasis to the technical system. The advent of digital technologies is providing a new impetus to the need to design work to optimize both the social and technical systems, provoking renewed interest in the approach.
Dell Hymes and Language Education
Authors: Durbidge Levi
Published: September 2022

The work of Dell Hymes has been highly influential in language education and the field of linguistics more generally. Questions about the appropriateness of engaging with his work have been raised following allegations of sexual harassment during his tenure at the University of Pennsylvania. However, the radical nature of his work and its role in demonstrating that language was co-constitutive of the social, historical, and political contexts of its speakers requires engagement, particularly given the challenges facing language education in the early 21st century.

Hymes’ identification of the communicative event as fundamental to an understanding of language has been instrumental in the development of an influential collection of approaches now collectively referred to as communicative language teaching (CLT). Hymes’ sociologically informed concept of communicative competence, developed in reaction to Chomsky’s notions of linguistic competence and performance, has also been highly influential in language education research and practice. Subsequently, concerns have been raised about the recontextualization of Hymes’ work and the disconnect between idealized notions of communicative competence as they appear in contexts of language education and the actual language use in speech communities.

From a conceptual standpoint, re-engagement with Hymes’ work is needed to reorient CLT and corresponding notions of communicative competence to their sociological bases. Hymes understood the speech community as the context par excellence for describing language, and therefore it should also inform the orientation of language education to communication. This can be achieved by allowing ethnographic work to play a larger role in contexts of language education. Advances in digital communications technology offer many such opportunities, removing proximal requirements for observing and interacting with target speech communities and providing access to digital artifacts produced by the community.

As language education faces challenges driven by rapidly changing political, sociological, and technological circumstances, Hymes’ insights about the inherent inequality of language and its relationship with the political and social dimensions of speech communities remain highly relevant. Re-engaging with a Hymesian understanding of communicative competence means recognizing the contextually dependent bases for judgments about language and the variation that exists between individuals even within the same speech community. Hymes saw that the path to a more aware, more just society ran through this understanding of communicative competence, and so language education must look to this understanding if it seeks to transform the role that language plays in our social and political lives.
Women in Late Antique North Africa (in the Writings of Augustine and Other Church Fathers)
Authors: Casias Cassandra M. M.
Published: September 2022

The lives of women in late antique North Africa were shaped to a large extent by legal status and family roles. Enslaved women experienced frequent sexual exploitation at the hands of their male enslavers, who saw these encounters as proof of their masculinity. Married women, meanwhile, endured the double standard of close supervision and suspicion over their potential infidelity, as well as the physical abuse that could result. In Christian writings about mothers, the mother-child bond is seen as powerful enough to threaten the pursuit of a religious life. Widows, due to their high status in African churches, enjoyed such influence in Christian communities that unmarried women and women with living husbands attempted to join their ranks. Although consecrated virgins were thought to receive the highest rewards in heaven, the constant threat of the loss of their physical purity justified a higher degree of surveillance over them, by either their families or their bishops. To varying degrees, nearly all women were vulnerable to domestic or sexual violence. The African Church Fathers Tertullian, Cyprian of Carthage, and Augustine of Hippo—along with the prison memoir attributed to Perpetua of Carthage—provide a vast collection of texts about late antique women, but there are limitations to the use of these sources for historical information about women’s lived realities.