bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Correction Method for Muscle Stiffness Sensors to Measure Transversus Abdominis Activity
Authors: Nakamae Shunsuke , Tanaka Takayuki , Shimatani Koji
Published: June 2023

The transversus abdominis muscle is important for various human functions, including the prevention of back pain and the use of muscle activity values as an indicator for the treatment of urinary incontinence. Measuring muscle activity is an effective means of evaluating whether correct training has been performed. The transversus abdominis muscle stiffness sensor developed in a previous study used a method in which a belt with a sensor attached was wrapped around the lower back, which made measurement simple but also caused problems owing to the influence of phenomena other than muscle activity on the measurement data. Therefore, we propose a novel correction method to calculate the muscle activity of this sensor accurately, which can be used for simple measurements. We propose a formula to compensate for effects other than muscle activity based on a model equation that includes contact conditions and belt tension, which affect the muscle stiffness sensor value. We evaluated the validity of the correction equation from simulations and the change in similarity owing to the correction by simultaneously measuring the muscle action potentials and muscle stiffness sensor values during breathing movements with muscle activity. The proposed correction method improved the muscle stiffness data during respiration and contraction. It is possible to improve the measurement accuracy by improving the calibration method and hardware.
A Human-Centered and Adaptive Robotic System Using Deep Learning and Adaptive Predictive Controllers
Authors: Toyoguchi Sari , Coronado Enrique , Venture Gentiane
Published: June 2023

The rise of single-person households coupled with a drop in social interaction due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is triggering a loneliness pandemic. This social issue is producing mental health conditions (e.g., depression and stress) not only in the elderly population but also in young adults. In this context, social robots emerge as human-centered robotics technology that can potentially reduce mental health distress produced by social isolation. However, current robotics systems still do not reach a sufficient communication level to produce an effective coexistence with humans. This paper contributes to the ongoing efforts to produce a more seamless human-robot interaction. For this, we present a novel cognitive architecture that uses (i) deep learning methods for mood recognition from visual and voice modalities, (ii) personality and mood models for adaptation of robot behaviors, and (iii) adaptive generalized predictive controllers (AGPC) to produce suitable robot reactions. Experimental results indicate that our proposed system influenced people’s moods, potentially reducing stress levels during human-robot interaction.
Predictors of Early and Late Response to Esomezol and Lifestyle Modification in Adults With Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease: A Prospective, Multicenter, Open-Label Cohort Study
Authors: Kwon Seong Keun , Park Sung Joon , Chung Eun-Jae , Sohn Jin-Ho , Sun Dong-Il , Jin Sung Min , Lee Byung-Joo , Park Il-Seok , Cho Jae-Gu , Park Young Hak
Published: June 2023

Objectives. This study aimed to assess predictors of the response to varying durations of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and lifestyle modification treatment for laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD).Methods. Between October 2014 and June 2016, a prospective, multicenter, open-label, single-cohort, intention-to-treat, observational study was conducted at eight referral hospitals across the Republic of Korea to examine predictors of early and late response to treatment in adult patients (age ≥19 years) with LPRD. Participants underwent standard treatment (PPI [Esomezol] and lifestyle modification) for 3 months. Response to treatment was defined as greater than 50% improvement in reflux symptom index score. The primary outcome was potential predictors of treatment response at 1 and 3 months. The secondary outcome was potential predictors distinguishing early from late responders.Results. In total, 394 patients were enrolled. Improved sleep habits was a positive predictor (odds ratio [OR], 1.785; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–3.007; P=0.029), while initial alcohol consumption (OR, 0.587; 95% CI, 0.355–0.969; P=0.037) and past medication history (OR, 0.438; 95% CI, 0.215–0.891; P=0.005) were negative predictors of response after 1 month of treatment. High pre-reflux finding score was a positive predictor (OR, 1.187; 95% CI, 1.049– 1.344; P=0.007), while male sex (OR, 0.516; 95% CI, 0.269–0.987; P=0.046), higher depression score (OR, 0.867; 95% CI, 0.784–0.958; P=0.005), and past thyroid hormone medication history (OR, 0.161; 95% CI, 0.033–0.788; P=0.024) were negative predictors of response after 3 months of treatment. Past medication history (OR, 0.438; 95% CI, 0.215–0.891; P=0.023) was the only negative predictor for early responders compared to late responders.Conclusion. Adult patients with LPRD and a history of prior medication use may require longer treatment durations to achieve a therapeutic response. Future research should explore the incorporation of diverse treatment approaches to improve treatment outcomes for patients exhibiting negative prognostic indicators.
Effect of Chitooligosaccharide Characteristics from Several Types of Shells on Prebiotic Activity : A Brief Review
Authors: Patrisiya Berta , Oktavia Nanda , Zhorif Muhammad Naufal , Priyanto Anugerah Dany
Published: June 2023

Seafood is one of the foods favored by the community and has waste that is not used properly, such as shells. The component contained in the highest shell is chitin, this chitin content can be processed into chitosan. Chitosan is obtained from a process, namely enzymatic and chemical hydrolysis and this process can also be used to obtain chitooligosaccharides. Chitooligosaccharides are complex compounds of the glycoprotein group which have -1,4 glucosamine bonds. Chitooligosaccharides can act as prebiotics. Recently, there has been a lot of research on the characteristics and prebiotic activity of chitooligosaccharides. However, there is a lack of information regarding the relationship between the characteristics and prebiotic activity of chitooligosaccharides mainly from different sources of chitooligosaccharides. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize and collect viewpoints regarding the relationship of characteristics with prebiotic activity. The characteristics of chitosan of each type of shell have differences, the main parameter is the degree of deacetylation. The high degree of deacetylation and yield can affect the yield on the characteristics of the chitooligosaccharides produced. Thus, the higher the degree of deacetylation of chitosan, the higher the degree of deacetylation of chitooligosaccharides, so that it can show high prebiotic activity because probiotic bacteria can grow well. Accordingly, this summary can contribute to explaining a comprehensive review of the characteristics of chitooligosaccharides on the prebiotic activity of underutilized and safe materials for consumption.
Agrarian Conflict Cultivation Rights PT. Pagilaran With Farmers In Batang District
Authors: Cahyadi Silvia , Puspitasari Anisa , Joshua Mishael
Published: June 2023

This study aims to identify the causes of conflict between PT. Pagilaran and the community in Batang Regency over land owned by PT. Pagilaran comes from the concession with revealing theories that support the causes of conflict and studies how the dispute is resolved. This research is normative juridical research with a descriptive-analytical approach. The research results obtained: First, the cause of the emergence of Cultivation Right disputes is the claims from farmers that they once controlled part of the Cultivation Right land, the absence of compensation at the time of land acquisition, and the negative view of the community towards PT. Pagilaran and some parties facilitate claims efforts, as well as repressive actions from the company through security forces. Second, efforts to resolve the dispute are carried out both through channels outside the court, through efforts to seek support from policy-making institutions, and through re-data collection of biological data on PT. Pagilaran looked for opportunities to strengthen the position of farmers who once controlled the land and settlement through the courts in the form of legal action for the perpetrators of marking, plotting, and damage to land and plants in the Cultivation Rights area but did not resolve the core issues of the dispute. This study suggests that rural conflict resolution requires a holistic approach by paying attention to regulatory, human rights, contractual, and environmental aspects of resolving conflicts.
Indonesian Mining Regulations Shift as a Potential Sector in Developing the Economy
Authors: Harun Amanda Adelina , Puluhulawa Fenty U , ElFikri Nurul Fajri , Moha Mohamad Rivaldi
Published: June 2023

Law/regulation on mining play a significant role, because mining sector is a potential sector for developing the economy of Indonesian. Law on Mining underwent several amendments, namely the era of Law Number 11 of 1967, Law Number 4 of 2009 and Law Number 3 of 2020. This article will analyze shiftss in mining sector regulations from each of these eras. This article uses normative juridical methods, with statutory, contextual, historical, and comparative approaches, and is analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study show that between Law No. 11 of 1967 to Law No. 4 of 2009 and Law no. 3 of 2020 underwent a change, namely from a centralized arrangement, where the mining sector holding power became a matter for the central government to decentralization, handed over to local governments. Another change is in the field of relations between the government and capital or investors, the contract of work model becomes licensing. The impact on the contract of work model is that the state is positioned as a 'party' to the contract, while in terms of licensing the government has a position that tends to be stronger. This Amendment Contract is adapted to Indonesian conditions and the protection of Article 33 of the Indonesian constitution.
EFFICIENCY OF SCREENING AND EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS: ECONOMIC ASPECT
Authors: Nemkevich. E.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the economic aspects of screening and early diagnosis of malignant neoplasms. The differences between such elements of the fight against oncological diseases as screening and early cancer diagnosis are analyzed, and socio-economic criteria for evaluating the program of oncological diagnosis of patients are determined by a number of factors, including: costs of outpatient and inpatient treatment, losses from mortali-ty of the population, costs of equipment, personnel and information technology. It is established that in order to compare the cost-effectiveness of screening and early diagnosis of malignant neoplasms, it is necessary to compare the costs of conducting these types of diagnostics with the costs of treating cancers at the initial stage, as well as with possible social losses that the choice in favor of early cancer diagnosis may lead to.
Targeting MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm with an evolutionary trained bacteriophage cocktail exploiting phage resistance trade-offs
Authors: Kunisch Fabian , Wagemans Jeroen , Yildirim Selma , Chan Benjamin , Schaudinn Christoph , Lavigne Rob , Turner Paul , Raschke Michael , Trampuz Andrej , Moreno Mercedes González
Published: June 2023

Spread of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains threatens to render currently available antibiotics obsolete, with limited prospects for the development of new antibiotics. Lytic bacteriophages (phages), the natural predators of bacteria, represent a path to combat this threat. In vitro directed evolution is traditionally applied to expand the phage host range or increase bacterial suppression in planktonic cultures. However, while 80% of human microbial infections are biofilm-associated, research towards targeted improvement of phages’ ability to combat biofilms remains scarce. Here, we describe an in vitro evolution assay that improves multiple phage parameters in parallel, while optimizing phage cocktail design by exploiting a bacterial phage resistance trade-off. The obtained evolved phages show an expanded host spectrum, improved antimicrobial efficacy under isothermal microcalorimetric monitoring and enhanced antibiofilm performance, as determined by RT-qPCR. Our two-phage cocktail revealed further improved antimicrobial efficacy without incurring dual-phage-resistance in treated bacteria. We anticipate this assay will allow a better understanding of phenotypic-genomic relationships in phages and enable the training of phages against other desired pathogens. This, in turn, will strengthen phage therapy as a treatment adjunct to improve clinical outcomes of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.
Investigation of the effect of wheel grooves on surface grinding performance in EN18 Steel
Authors: Jeyakumar Hepsi Beaula Masilamani , Krishnamoorthy Jayakumar
Published: June 2023

The grooved grinding wheels are utilized to enhance the coolant supply to the grinding zone and reduce the heat throughout grinding, thus making the grinding performance more efficient. In the present study, Al2O3 grinding wheels of axial, circumferential and helical grooved wheels were used to grind the EN18 steel. The input parameters chosen for experiments were types of grooved grinding wheels, depth of cut with three different coolant techniques (Dry, Flood and MQL) and experiments were conducted as per L9 Taguchi orthogonal matrix. Output parameters measured for each experiment were grinding ratio (GR), material removal rate (MRR), grinding efficiency (GE), surface roughness (Ra), specific energy (SE), temperature and noise during surface grinding. The grinding performance of non-grooved grinding wheels was compared with a grooved wheel. The results showed that using grooved grinding wheels increases all the grinding performances when compared to the non-grooved grinding wheel. The helical grooved wheel with MQL combinations reduced the temperature, sound, surface roughness and specific energy from 35.8 to 32.1 °C, 86.9 to 80.7 dB, 1.584 to 0.258 µm and 0.173 to 0.054 kJ/mm2 respectively. At the same time, the MRR, HRC, GR and GE were improved using grooved grinding wheels along with MQL from 0.432 to 1.37 mm3/s, 58.5 to 61.5 HRC, 1.77 to 4.567 and 10.26 to 43.9% respectively. Finally, the optimum grinding parameter combination was identified from a helical grooved wheel in all grinding performances. Finally, the performance of the helical grooved wheel was compared with non-grooved wheels. SEM images were taken to understand the surface finish and defects on the ground surfaces for the different wheels with coolants.
Steering control and stability analysis for an autonomous bicycle. Part II. Experiments and a modified linear control law
Authors: liu caishan , Xiong Jiaming , Yu Ruihan
Published: June 2023

This paper presents experimental results to verify the reduced dynamics modeling and stability analysis of an autonomous bicycle, following the theoretical framework presented in Part I. A self-fabricated autonomous bicycle is introduced, and experiments are conducted to verify its stability in uniform straight motion (USM) and uniform circular motion (UCM). While the experimental results are qualitatively consistent with the theoretical findings, they also reveal that the stability of the bicycle is affected by uncertainties in the real system, primarily stemming from the drift error of the gyroscope sensor used to measure the bicycle's lean angle. Parameter uncertainty analysis confirms the gyroscope drift as the main source of uncertainty. To compensate for this drift error, a modified linear control law with a time-varying intercept term is proposed. This results in a three-dimensional reduced dynamic system governing the bicycle's controlled motion. Theoretical analysis and experiments demonstrate that the bicycle under the modified linear control law achieves stable USM and UCM with a desired steer angle, and exhibits an interesting phenomenon of a limit cycle motion when the control parameters are set such that the trivial relative equilibrium becomes unstable through a supercritical Hopf bifurcation.
Defining Risk: Hepatitis A Virus in Philippine Shellfish (Oyster and Mussels)
Authors: Lopez Crisanto , Barrios Erniel , Bullecer Ernani , Balolong Marilen , Tanay Dennis , Salem Andrea Mae , Gosilatar John Carlo , Lagazon Patricia Mae , Dalmacio Leslie Michelle , Rustia Abigail
Published: June 2023

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) endemicity in the Philippines ranges from moderate to high, with estimated annual hepatitis A incidence rate in the Philippines of 0.4–0.6 cases per 100,000 population. Despite this, health risks related to local seafood consumption are associated with red tide or mass fish kill. However, government agencies should consider the safety of local shellfish and culture sites to HAV. This article examines the current trends relevant to the presence of HAV along the local shellfish supply chain, including production levels, microbial concentration, consumer behavior, and food safety regulations. Despite the susceptibility of local shellfish to HAV, the study identified crucial data gaps: 1) reliance on bacterial indicators, 2) absence of monitoring records for HAV concentration in local shellfish products and culturing sites, and limited studies regarding the effect of local cooking practices on HAV inactivation. The synthesis of this analysis will guide the national food safety risk managers in addressing the
Experimental investigation of the capacity of carbon nanotubes to absorb organic pollutants
Authors: Tehrani M. R. Fadaei , Skandari S. , Bidhendi G. Nabi
Published: June 2023

Dissolved organic pollutants caused by paints, detergents, herbicides, and toxins cannot be removed from the water body through conventional treatment processes such as filtration. Activated carbon is one of the effective substances to obliterate these contaminants from water. The carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have a much higher ability to decompose organic pollutants; however, using the slurry form is undesirable due to the removal requirement at the end of the treatment process. In the present study, upgraded CNTs attached to particles of sand filters (CNTsand) were synthesized and applied to omit dissolved organic pollutants. The results revealed the high capacity of the CNTsand to wipe organic contaminants. The column test with natural water compared to the synthesized water had a more extended breakpoint, higher adsorption capacity, and consequently, further removal efficiency, such that for the surface area loading rate of 4.8 ml/min, the breakpoint increased from 739 minutes to 936 minutes as well as the volume of passed water grew from 3546 ml to 4493 ml. Therefore, the maximum adsorption capacity was enhanced from 67.3 mg/g to 89.5 mg/g. Finally, the adequacy and efficiency of the upgraded nanotube coating on sand grains to remove organic pollutants were confirmed.
An inverse Q filtering method with efficient Q estimation using a shallow neural network
Authors: Wu Jizhong , Shi Ying , Wang Kexin
Published: June 2023

Inverse Q filtering is a common tool in seismic processing that can be used to improve the resolution of poststack imaging data. However, it is difficult to obtain the Q value conveniently and precisely, which limits the precision and industrial application range of inverse Q filtering. In this study, a set of technology schemes based on a BP neural network is proposed to quickly acquire the Q field so that inverse Q filtering has the ability to adapt to inhomogeneous Q values. Based on the powerful nonlinear solving ability of the BP neural network, the functional mapping relationship between the Q value and spectral information of seismic data is established, which improves the anti-noise ability of Q value prediction. The application effect of the model and actual data verifies the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Falls and healthcare use in infants under 12 months in South Korea: a cross-sectional online survey
Authors: Han Soo-Yeon , Kim Cho Hee
Published: June 2023

Background:Falls are a common cause of unintentional injury in infants. This study investigated the mechanisms underlying infant falls and healthcare use, measured as hospital visits.Methods:This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design and an online survey. The questionnaire investigated the general characteristics of parents and infants, fall-related variables, and healthcare use.Results:The analysis showed that the most significant falls occurred when the infants were 6.97 months old. Most fall incidents occurred indoors (95.2%), even when the caregivers were supervising the infants (68.0%). The most frequent circumstances of falls were due to falling off furniture (75.3%) and falling from the caregiver’s arms (9.5%). Following infant falls, 36.4% of the participants visited hospitals, and infants who visited hospitals were diagnosed with concussions and lacerations. The logistic regression analysis revealed that healthcare use following infant falls was significantly associated with being a firstborn child (odds ratio [OR]: 5.32) and falling from a caregiver’s arms (OR: 4.22).Conclusion:As falls occur at an early age, parental education is required during the perinatal period. Education should include methods for preventing and coping with infant falls.
Endothelial Pim3 kinase protects the vascular barrier during lung metastasis
Authors: Santio Niina , Ganesh Keerthana , Kaipainen Pihla , Hänninen Satu , Carpén Olli , Saharinen Pipsa
Published: June 2023

Endothelial cells (ECs) form a tissue-specific barrier for disseminating cancer cells in distant organs. However, the molecular regulation of the ECs in the metastatic niche is poorly understood. Here, we analyzed the transcriptional reprogramming of ECs in the lung metastatic niche six hours after the arrival of melanoma cells in the niche. We discovered a novel EC cluster derived from venous capillaries in response to infiltrating cancer cells, which was enriched for cell-cell communication pathways, including the Dll4, Vegf and Il6-Jak-Stat pathways. The Jak-Stat activated oncogenic Pim3 kinase was a marker of the cancer responding ECs, being upregulated in spontaneous metastasis models and in ECs of human cancer. Notably, PIM inhibition increased vascular leakage and metastatic colonization in vivo and impaired the EC barrier via decreased junctional Cadherin-5 and catenins α, β and δ. Thus, PIM3 protects the EC barrier in the metastatic niche, which may impair the efficacy of PIM inhibitors in cancer therapies.
Earthquake loss assessment procedures for regional buildings using random story-based structure models
Authors: Yang Zhi , Xiong Feng , Lu Yang
Published: June 2023

There are many types and huge number of buildings in urban areas, and the seismic capacity of individual buildings are quite different, so are their seismic damage when stricken by strong earthquakes. Compared with the conventional earthquake damage matrices, physics-based earthquake loss assessment method using dynamic analyses on each individual building are more advantageous. However, it is usually difficult to obtain detailed building information at a regional scale in order to create their physical computation models. As a result, it is not possible to simulate accurately the response of each of the actual buildings. To this end, earthquake loss assessment procedures of regional buildings based on story-based random structure model is proposed. Using just little building information which can easily be acquired from GIS, a large number of story-based structure samples can be generated quickly using empirical design data of typical structures, thereby reasonably estimating building structures in a probabilistic manner. Quantitative definitions of damage state and loss contribution of the story-based structure model are proposed. Based on results of nonlinear dynamic time history analyses, seismic loss of structures is evaluated with sufficient accuracy and efficiency. The results show that the proposed model improves the accuracy of seismic response simulation by considering the spatial distribution characteristics of the components and randomness of the story-based structure. The proposed earthquake loss assessment procedures can be used to assess earthquake loss of a large number of regional buildings quickly, providing a basis for decision regarding urban earthquake disaster prevention.
A new model for gravitational waves
Authors: Friedman Yaakov , Himi Oriel
Published: June 2023

We present a new model of gravitational waves based on a new representation of the gravitational field. The field is described by a Lorentz-invariant action function is defined directly from the sources of the field at the retarded time on a flat spacetime background. The. The field of a moving, spherically symmetric body can be decomposed into near and far components which are defined explicitly. Assuming a superposition principle, we obtain an explicit description of the strain caused by gravitational waves generated by binary stars or black hole mergers, without the need of a linear approximation and gauge choice. Under this assumption, the gravitational waves are longitudinal. We also obtain an explicit formula for ratios of the amplitudes as measured by different detectors. This able us to test if the polarization can be longitudinal. We show that the event GW170814 can be explained in our model
Privacy-Aware Anomaly Detection in IoT Environments using FedGroup: A Group-Based Federated Learning Approach
Authors: Zhang Yixuan , Suleiman Basem , Alibasa Muhammad Johan , Farid Farnaz
Published: June 2023

Concerns on the data security and privacy of smart home users have been growing popularity due to the rising usage of IoT devices. Many traditional machine learning techniques have been used to perform anomaly detections. However, these models need to send private IoT data to a central model for validation and training, raising security and efficiency issues. We propose a new Federated Learning (FL) method called FedGroup, which adopts the FedAvg method, but it updates the learning of the central model based on the learning changes brought by each group of IoT devices. Our experimental results showed that FedGroup achieved same or better anomaly detection accuracy compared to other federated and non-federated learning methods. Furthermore, we showed how ensemble learning may be used to connect many contributing models for superior average prediction performance. FedGroup also improve the detection of attack type detection and attack type detail detection. By comparing our new models with baseline models, our models performed better showing an accuracy of 99.64% accuracy with 0.02% FPR on attack type detection and 99.89% accuracy on attack type detail detection.
Aromatic Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Landraces of Indo-Gangetic Plains of India Harbor Rich Genetic Diversity as Revealed by Phenotypic Traits and Microsatellite Markers
Authors: Bairwa Rakesh Kumar , Yadav Mahesh C. , Tiwari Shailesh , Mahendran Aswin , Ellur Ranjith Kumar , Krishnan S. Gopala
Published: June 2023

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains are vital for food security of half of the global population. India has rich diversity for aromatic rice landraces. In order to assess the genetic diversity and population structure in these specialty rices, we characterized 92 germplasm accessions of aromatic rice landraces of Indo-Gangetic Plain region including 10 popular landraces of other states of India using 23 phenotypic traits and 48 microsatellite markers. Landrace accessions displayed huge variability for plant height (PH), culm length (CL), flag-leaf length, auricle colour, leaf-blade pubescence and colour, panicle bearing tillers, panicle length (PL), peduncle length (PdL), panicle exsertion, grain length (GL), grain breadth (GB), hull colour and thousand grain weight (TGW). First five principal components contributed 81.24% phenotypic variation. High positive associations were found between PH and CL (r = 0.83), PdL and PL (0.66), GL and TGW (0.78), and GB and TGW (0.59). Molecular analysis with 48 genome-wide HvSSR markers revealed 11.0 alleles per locus, which evidently showed that a high level of DNA polymorphism exists between landrace accessions. The structure analysis revealed four subpopulations with numerous accessions sharing alleles with other groups. Gene diversity assay revealed high levels of gene diversity (HE = 0.83), Shannon's Information index (I = 1.99) and gene flow (Nm = 1.51) between accessions of aromatic rice landraces. Wright′s F-statistics revealed moderate genetic differentiation (FST = 0.14) among subpopulations and high degree of inbreeding (FIS=0.92) within subpopulations. This was also supported by high polymorphism information content (PIC = 0.806) and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), which revealed 79% variance among genotypes. The unique and rare alleles could be used for DNA fingerprinting and differentiation of genotypes. A high number of multiple alleles were observed in number of landrace accessions, which showed the presence of heterogeneity and heterozygotes in the landrace materials. The results of present study are useful for utilization of the landraces in genetic enhancement programmes specially designed for rice quality improvement and consumer's preference.
Curvature, integrability, and the six sphere
Authors: Clemente Gabriella
Published: June 2023

This note is about the interplay between the almost-hermitian and Riemannian geometries of a manifold. These geometries can be seen to interact through curvature. The main result is an obstruction equation to the integrability of almost-complex structures orthogonal with respect to Riemannian metrics with constrained sectional curvature. Several geometric consequences ensue, such as a formula for the norm of the Levi-Civita covariant derivative of a hypothetical orthogonal complex structure. Our results lead to a partial recovery of the well-known fact that the round 6-sphere S6 is not hermitian. The partial proof is intrinsic in nature, and shows some level of promise when it comes to generalizing the non-complexity of the round S6 result in new directions.
Vitiligo and Associated Psychological Comorbidities: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Analysis in an Urban Population
Authors: Montgomery  , Syder Nicole , Barajas Gabrielle , Elbuluk
Published: June 2023

Vitiligo is a chronic disorder of depigmentation, which can have profound psychological effects on affected individuals. The primary objective of this study was to identify the association between vitiligo and psychological comorbidities. This was a retrospective, cross-sectional chart review study of patients seen over a ten-year period (2009-2019) at a private and public hospital in Los Angeles. There were 2,638 patients with vitiligo included. Both depression and anxiety were significantly higher in the public hospital population (8.1% and 6.4%, respectively) than in the private population (3.0% and 2.7%, respectively) (p<0.0001 and p=0.0001, respectively). The percentage of vitiligo patients with depression and anxiety in the public hospital population was significantly higher than the general US population (p=0.038 and p<0.0001, respectively). When stratifying for race/ethnicity, rates of depression and anxiety were significantly increased in non-White patients compared to White patients in both hospital settings. These results suggest that both SES and race/ethnicity can have a significant impact on psychological comorbidity in vitiligo patients. Dermatologists and other clinicians should be screening for psychological comorbidity in all patients with a diagnosis of vitiligo, especially those with lower SES or of minority racial/ethnic backgrounds, in order to help ensure holistic and equitable care.
Palmengarten und der Botanische Garten im Jahr 2019
Authors: Steinecke Hilke , Wessel Manfred , Heubach Katja
Published: June 2023

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The effect of extraction methods on the yields, chemical composition and antifungal activity of sawdust Cedrus atlantica Manetti essential oils
Authors: BOUYAHİA Chaimaa , BENBOUZİD Maria , EL HAJJAJİ Souad El Hajjaji , SLAOUİ Miloudia , BENTATA Fatiha , LABHİLİLİ Mustapha , BOUYAHYA Abdelhakim
Published: June 2023

The aim of this work is to determine the effect of the extraction method on the yield, the chemical composition, and the antifungal activity of cedarwood essential oils (EOs) from sawdust of Moroccan Cedrus atlantica (C. atlantica). EOs were extracted by different methods: hydrodistillation, soxhlet, maceration, and ultrasound. The chemical composition was determined using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The yields of EOs were 5.60%, 11.68%, 4.82% and 9.33% for hydrodistillation, soxhlet, maceration and ultrasound, respectively. GC-MS revealed a diversity of chemical compounds depending on extraction methods. Indeed, the main compound of EOs obtained by soxhlet, maceration, and ultrasound was copalic acid methyl ester by a rate of 28.41%, 20.24%, and 24.17%, respectively. However, -himachalene (21.32%) followed by -himachalene (9.40%), β-Copaen-4α-ol (7.71%) and longifolene (6.74%) are the main compounds of EO extracted by hydrodistillation. The antifungal activity of cedarwood EO was tested in vitro on two pathogenic fungi: Fusarium culmorum (F. Culmorum) and Botrytis cineria (B. Cinerea). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by successive dilutions of the stock solutions. The extracted EOs by soxhlet, maceration and ultrasound showed the important inhibitory effect against B. cinerea (MIC=1.25 mL/L). However, F. culmorum showed resistance towards all tested EOs. The finding of this study showed clearly that the volatile composition of EOs can be variable according to extraction. methods. Moreover, antifungal effects are depending on chemical composition of EOs but also to tested staris.
Innovative methods for extraction of essential oils from medicinal plants
Authors: MURTİ Yogesh , JAİN Divya , SEMWAL Bhupesh Chander , SINGH Sonıa , JANMEDA Pracheta , BHASKAR Pranav
Published: June 2023

Essential oils are concentrated liquids of intricate combinations of volatile substances, extracted from various plant parts. Several bioactive substances with antibacterial and antioxidant activities are abundant in essential oils. Some essential oils have also been employed in medicine. Due to the risk associated with employing synthetic preservatives, the use of essential oils as natural additives for extending the shelf life of food products has also drawn considerable attention. They are used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries for their functional properties. There are various methods for extraction, but both the quality and the percentage yield of essential oil never remain the same. So, innovative and non-conventional techniques of essential oils extraction from medicinal plants were evoled to get quantitative and qualitative yield. In the present article, we searched and reviewed innovative techniques used for the extraction of essential oils from medicinal and aromatic plants through electronic searches of PubMed, Medline, Wiley, Scopus, and Google Scholar. For the extraction of essential oils, several innovative/non-conventional techniques have been reported in literature. Extraction of essential oil by using innovative techniques retards the risk of losing the essential components of plants, maintains the quality, reduces chemical risk, extraction time, acts eco-friendly, and increases the percentage yield of the essential oils. This paper presents the success story of innovative extraction methods of essential oils in accordance with sustainable development and environmental protection.
The botanical study, phytochemical composition, and biological activities of Laurus nobilis L. leaves: A review
Authors: KHALED KHODJA Yazid , BACHİR-BEY Mostapha , BELMOUHOUB Messaoud , LADJOUZİ Rachid , DAHMOUNE Farid , KHETTAL Bachra
Published: June 2023

Laurus nobilis is native to the southern Mediterranean region. It is a small tree from the Lauraceae family. The leaves of L. nobilis are the most exploited part of the plant due not only to the high produced quantity but to the large benefits and extensive use in different fields including culinary, cosmetic, therapeutic, and pharmacologic. The various beneficial health properties attributed to bay leaves are related to the presence of various bioactive compounds. Chemically, they contain numerous essential elements, some vitamins, and many secondary metabolites such as essential oils (cineole, linalool, and eugenol), phenolic compounds, particularly phenolic acids (ferulic, protocatechuic, and caffeic acids, etc.) and flavonoids (such as catechin, kaempferol, apigenin, quercetin, and their derivatives), and alkaloids (noraporphins and aporphins). Laurel leaves are not only used to flavor dishes, but present several beneficial properties that justified their traditional use against numerous illnesses, particularly for rheumatism, indigestion, and diarrhea. Bay leaves are an essential component of several industrial applications including agrifoods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Due to the presence of cited chemical constituents in bay leaves, various biological and pharmacological properties have been reported such as antioxidant, antibacterial, fungicidal, antiviral, insecticidal, wound healing, antimutagen, anticonvulsant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and immunostimulatory activities. This review provides an overview of L. nobilis leaves, beginning with botanical aspects, including its preparation and composition, followed by a discussion about the most abundant bioactive compounds, and finally the traditional uses and therapeutic effects.
Nodal-antinodal dichotomy from anisotropic quantum critical continua in holographic models
Authors: Rodgers Ronnie , Ghosh Jewel Kumar , Krikun Alexander
Published: June 2023

We demonstrate that the absence of stable quasiparticle excitations on parts of the Fermi surface, similar to the “nodal-antinodal dichotomy” in underdoped cuprate superconductors, can be reproduced in models of strongly correlated electrons defined via a holographic dual. We show analytically that the anisotropy of the quantum critical continuum, which is a feature of these models, may lead to washing out the quasiparticle peak in one direction while leaving it intact in the perpendicular one. The effect relies on the qualitatively different scaling of the self-energy in different directions. Using the explicit example of the anisotropic Q-lattice model, we demonstrate how this effect emerges due to specific features of the near horizon geometry of the black hole in the dual description.
Immunometabolic aspects of chronic nonspecific inflammation in obesity
Authors: Skvortsova O. V. , Migacheva N. B. , Mikhailova E. G.
Published: June 2023

The disappointing results of epidemiological studies in recent years continue to attract the attention of scientists to obesity - one of the most acute medical and social problems of our time. In the last few decades, adipose tissue has been regarded as an immunobiological and endocrine organ that secretes a large number of hormones, adipokines and growth factors that play an important role in regulating energy homeostasis and a variety of immune processes. The latest results of molecular genetic, immunometabolic, morphological and microbiological studies force scientists to approach the study of this complex issue from different angles. One of them is a change in the work of the immune system in conditions of overweight, which is based on the formation of chronic nonspecific inflammation. The presented review examines the pathogenetic mechanisms of the formation of the inflammatory process against the background of obesity, in the development of which several stages are currently conditionally distinguished: adipocyte hypertrophy, hypoxia, adipocyte necrosis, cellular infiltration and the formation of fibrosis. The article also analyzes modern scientific data on the relationship of chronic inflammation with complications of obesity and the physiological characteristics of the child's body, which can be an important link in the formation of metabolic disorders. In addition, the authors discuss the possible connection of the formation of various obesity phenotypes with a violation of the implementation of certain immune mechanisms – an area in which there is currently a significant amount of disagreement and unresolved issues. Further study of the phenotypes of obesity is one of the key points underlying the formation of metabolic disorders in this disease.
Aplicativo de saúde móvel para hipertensos: uma proposta interdisciplinar de orientação nutricional e exercício físico
Authors: Saraiva Layane Costa , Araujo Izabelle Silva de , Siqueira Alisson Amorim , Araújo Wilkslam Alves de , Gomes Gessyka Mayara Soares , Bezerra Lis Maria Machado Ribeiro , Carvalho Ferdinando Oliveira
Published: June 2023

Os aplicativos de saúde móvel são tecnologias de saúde amplamente empregadas na promoção e nos cuidados com a saúde, inclusive na prevenção e tratamento de doenças crônicas como a hipertensão. Dos aplicativos direcionados ao público hipertenso, muitos funcionam para registros da pressão arterial e peso corporal, lembretes de medicação, dicas de alimentação e de atividade física, mas a maioria caracteriza-se como brincadeira e não possui rigor científico. O estudo objetivou desenvolver um aplicativo de saúde móvel com orientações nutricionais e de exercício físico para hipertensos, baseando-se nas principais recomendações das diretrizes para hipertensão e como alternativa de tratamento não medicamentoso para minimizar os efeitos da doença. Para desenvolvimento do aplicativo de intervenção nutricional associado ao exercício físico (APPINEF) foi feito um levantamento de aplicativos de nutrição e de exercício físico na APPle Store e no Google Play, construção de um protótipo em papel, modelagem do banco de dados e utilização de tecnologias livres e amplamente difundidas na Academia e indústria de software. Após o desenvolvimento e teste do software, este foi portado para o sistema Android e composto por nove tabelas. O APPINEF apresenta uma tela inicial para acesso, tela de cadastro e menu principal com seis ícones: diário alimentar, exercícios, avaliações, contato, extra e sair. O aplicativo de saúde móvel foi desenvolvido por profissionais de saúde para orientar hipertensos na alimentação e prática de exercícios físicos, disponibilizando uma gama de funções com estratégias de mudança de comportamento e gamificação para maior atração e interação dos usuários.
GPU-parallelisation of Haar wavelet-based grid resolution adaptation for fast finite volume modelling: application to shallow water flows
Authors: Chowdhury Alovya Ahmed , Kesserwani Georges , Rougé Charles , Richmond Paul
Published: June 2023

Wavelet-based grid resolution adaptation driven by the ‘multiresolution analysis’ (MRA) of the Haar wavelet (HW) allows to devise an adaptive first-order finite volume (FV1) model (HWFV1) that can readily preserve the modelling fidelity of its reference uniform-grid FV1 counterpart. However, the MRA entails an enormous computational effort as it involves ‘encoding’ (coarsening), ‘decoding’ (refining), analysing and traversing modelled data across a deep hierarchy of nested, uniform grids. GPU-parallelisation of the MRA is needed to handle its computational effort, but its algorithmic structure (1) hinders coalesced memory access on the GPU and (2) involves an inherently sequential tree traversal problem. This work redesigns the algorithmic structure of the MRA in order to parallelise it on the GPU, addressing (1) by applying Z-order space-filling curves and (2) by adopting a parallel tree traversal algorithm. This results in a GPU-parallelised HWFV1 model (GPU-HWFV1). GPU-HWFV1 is verified against its CPU predecessor (CPU-HWFV1) and its GPU-parallelised reference uniform-grid counterpart (GPU-FV1) over five shallow water flow test cases. GPU-HWFV1 preserves the modelling fidelity of GPU-FV1 while being up to 30 times faster. Compared to CPU-HWFV1, it is up to 200 times faster, suggesting that the GPU-parallelised MRA could be used to speed up other FV1 models.
Climate change impact on streamflow and suspended sediment load in the flood-prone river basin
Authors: Ranjan Rajesh , Mishra Ashok
Published: June 2023

Understanding the relationship between climate change and changes in streamflow and suspended sediment load (SSL) at the regional scale is critical for future decisions on water resource management. Hence, this study assessed the projected climate change impact on streamflow and SSL based on CMIP6 projections in the flood-prone Mahanadi River Basin (MRB) using the SWAT model. Bias-corrected climate data from five global climate models under medium and extreme shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) were utilized as an input to the SWAT model for the baseline (1985–2014), near future (NF, 2020–2046), and mid future (MF, 2047–2073) periods. Rainfall is expected to increase by 2.86% (2.19%) and 13.35% (16.98%) in the NF and MF, respectively, under SSP245 (SSP585). Streamflow and SSL may increase by 6.38% (6.06%) and 4.43% (7.89%) in the NF and by 29.78% (36.90%) and 37% (46.43%) in the MF, respectively, under SSP245 (SSP585) scenario. Also, streamflow and SSL exhibited an increasing trend in most months as well as in most seasons. The findings may be helpful to decision-makers in identifying watershed management plans by offering more information on how climate change affects the hydro-sedimentological processes in a flood-prone river basin.
An integrated method for extended-range prediction of heavy Precipitation process in the flood season over Hunan Province based on S2S models
Authors: Mao Chengmin , Zhang Jianming , Zeng Yuxing , Zhao Hui , Peng Jiadong , Tang Yihao , Peng Shaofeng
Published: June 2023

Floods in the middle reaches of Yangtze River threaten millions of people and cause casualties and economic losses. Yet, the prediction of floods especially on the sub-seasonal scale in this region is still challenging. To better predict the floods during the flood season (from April to August) in Hunan Province, the models from the China Meteorological Administration (CMA), the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) that participated in the sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction project were chosen to evaluate their extended-range (the next 11–30 days) prediction skills for heavy precipitation. The original prediction score of single model (original score), the score of single model using optimal threshold of heavy precipitation (adjusted score) and the score of multi-model integration (integrated score) were calculated by the scoring rules for heavy precipitation process. The results show that the integrated score in the extended-range is 75.1, which is 10.3 and 6.9 higher than the average scores of original models and adjusted method, respectively. The false alarm (missing) rate of the integrated method is 5.4% (33.9%), which is 8.6% (4.7%) and 2.9% (3.3%) smaller than the average rates of original models and adjusted method, respectively.