bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photosynthetic Characteristics of Summer Maize Hybrids with Different Plant Heights
Authors: Ren Baizhao , Li Lili , Dong Shuting , Liu Peng , Zhao Bin , Zhang Jiwang
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas

We investigated the photosynthetic characteristics of high‐yield summer maize with different heights.

We realized the regulatory effect of plant density on summer maize with different plant heights.

We discussed yield potential of summer maize with different plant height.

Three summer maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids with different plant heights, DengHai661 (low‐plant height hybrid, DH661), ChaoShi3 (medium‐plant height hybrid, CS3), and XianYu335 (high‐plant height hybrid, XY335), were used to explore photosynthetic characteristics of maize and its responses to plant density. Results showed that grain yield increased with the increase of plant density. At 90,000 plants ha−1, grain yield of DH661 was the highest. With increasing plant density, yield increment of DH661 was biggest, while leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll content, and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of DH661 changed less with increasing plant density. Grain yield of DH661 at 90,000 plants ha−1 increased by 34 and 21%, respectively, compared to that at 45,000 and 67,500 plants ha−1, CS3 increased by 18 and 9%, respectively, and XY335 increased by 7% and not significant (ns), respectively. Before the flowering stage, the photosynthesis of leaves that just entered function stage played a dominant role. After the flowering stage, the photosynthesis of top and middle leaves mainly played the leading role. The difference of Pn among three parts (top, middle, and bottom) of DH661 was less than that of XY335, and the same as the effect of plant density. There were no significant differences between DH661 and XY335 in the Pn of top leaves, while Pn of middle and bottom leaves of DH661 were significantly higher than that of CS3 and XY335. Visibly, low‐plant height hybrid might be more beneficial for high yield cultivation under dense planting conditions.
Vegetation Indices for Discrimination of Soybean Areas: A New Approach
Authors: da Silva Carlos Antonio , Nanni Marcos Rafael , Teodoro Paulo Eduardo , Silva Guilherme Fernando Capristo
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas

Automation of mapping of soybean areas.

Use of remote sensors in the recognition of summer crop.

Development of exclusive vegetation index for soybean.

The aim of this study was to map areas cultivated with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in Paraná state, Brazil, using mono‐ and multitemporal MODerate‐resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) images. We applied the vegetation index perpendicular crop enhancement index (PCEI) and threshold determination for the automation of soybean area discrimination by geo‐object (GEOBIA). For this mapping, vegetation indices (normalized difference vegetation index [NDVI], enhanced vegetation index [EVI], and crop enhancement index [CEI]) and the development of the PCEI were used with the aid of time‐series images from the TERRA/MODIS system‐sensor. A support analysis, based on geo‐objects and a decision tree based on data mining, was used to determine the new vegetation index. “Classification” and “merge region” algorithms and feature extraction were used for classification. To evaluate the precision of the classifications, the Kappa (κ) and overall accuracy (OA) parameters were applied. Regarding the ground line, R and R2 were above 0.92 and 0.84, respectively (p < 0.01). The test results indicate that the proposed methodology is efficient for mapping soybean distribution, with 0.80 for the Kappa parameter, an appropriate crop spatial distribution, and no over‐ or underestimation of areas. Thus, this study allows automated mapping of areas cultivated with soybean crops at large scales.
Application of Salicylic Acid Improves Filling of Inferior Grains of Rice during Late Maturity under Mild Cold Stress
Authors: Chen Tingting , Zhao Xia , Zhang Caixia , Yang Yongjie , Feng Baohua , Zhang Xiufu , Fu Guanfu , Tao Longxing
Published: May 2017

Medium‐ or late‐maturing varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) that are planted in agroecosystems in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze Valley of China always encounter cold stress during the late grain‐filling stage. Generally, grain yield and yield components are adversely affected under such circumstances. To alleviate these negative effects, salicylic acid (SA; i.e., SA0 [control, 0 mg L−1], SA100 [100 mg L−1], SA200 [200 mg L−1], SA300 [300 mg L−1], and SA400 [400 mg L−1]) was exogenously sprayed on plants of three rice cultivars at full heading in the field at the experimental base of China National Rice Research Institute (CNRRI) in Fuyang City, China (30°03′ N, 119°57′ E, 11 m asl). The results indicated that the mean grain‐filling rate and grain weight of the inferior grains were significantly increased under the SA200 (200 mg L−1) treatment and correspondingly contributed to a grain yield increase of 5.0 to 10.1% in comparison with the control. Further analysis showed that the SA200 treatment significantly increased the activity of the starch branching enzyme in inferior grains over the entire grain‐filling stage. Additionally, the photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, and soluble protein content of the flag leaf, which precisely reflected the senescence status, were significantly increased under the SA200 treatment, especially during late maturity under mild cold stress. We speculated that improved physiological changes during the late grain‐filling stage account for the increased grain weight and grain yield. Therefore, application of SA was a promising method of alleviating the adverse effects that were induced by mild cold stress on the grain yield of rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze Valley of China.
Editorial. Queremos construir nuestros territorios.
Authors: Insuasty Rodríguez Alfonso
Published: May 2017

El péndulo de la violencia y de nuevos desplazamientos retorna en Colombia, ahora promovidos por la llegada del “desarrollo” manifestado en las fuertes alianzas entre las corporaciones multinacionales y el estado quienes, no solo expulsan a los habitantes de sus territorios, sino que, degradan la naturaleza bajo el amparo de la institucionalidad y la norma. Un coso concreto, el que viven los habitantes del Oriente Antioqueño (Colombia), quienes a través de la historia, han vivido diversas disputas por sus territorios en tanto, esta región cuenta con importantes riquezas naturales disponibles para la implementación de proyectos Hidroeléctricos, mineros y agroindustriales, apuestas que han impactado la región generando expulsión, violencia y desarraigo; pero, a la par, se van fortaleciendo nuevos procesos de resistencia y luchas populares que han logrado en algunos casos, detener esta avalancha llamada “desarrollo”, las comunidades se organizan, resisten y construyen alternativas, planes colectivos de vida.
La significación del poder político y la acción en la justicia transicional colombiana: Hacia la búsqueda de la paz en Colombia
Authors: Sabogal Murcia Leonardo
Published: May 2017

De acuerdo a la concepción del poder y de la acción político-estratégica que se conciba dentro de la ciudadanía y la institucionalidad, tendremos un menor o mayor acercamiento a las transformaciones necesarias para la finalización del conflicto armado no internacional colombiano. Es así que, es importante pensar la justicia transicional, el poder y la paz como una ecuación que debería llevar a un renacer de la Nación colombiana
Desarrollo sostenible y vivienda digna como punto de progreso social
Authors: Vega Mendoza Victor Hugo , Ruiz Canizales Raúl
Published: May 2017

Se tiene como propósito evidenciar en qué medida el desarrollo sostenible es fundamental en la agenda de las nuevas políticas públicas que buscan un amplio alcance a largo plazo. La problemática global no es capaz de resolver los problemas a nivel local de un contexto altamente moderno y cambiante. La tendencia actual de “pérdida de calidad de vida” orilla a las ciudades a cambiar su perspectiva de progreso y así el bienestar dependerá directamente del desarrollo social que exista. Mediante un análisis de contexto se comparte una política de calidad de vida exitosa, pies la estética debe ser concientizada sin menospreciar su potencial al recuperar la zona. El resultado es que la percepción de crisis es inminente debido a los problemas asociados al crecimiento, para lo cual se han adoptado soluciones rápidas consistentes en el uso de los instrumentos de planificación física que solo convierten quejas en problemáticas especializadas. Se concluye que la ciudad moderna, como la conocemos, se encuentra en grave peligro de extinción gracias a su modus operandi, para lo cual la variable principal local debe solucionar el bienestar de la población sin menospreciar su entorno.
Evaluación Dialogante: fundamentos para un enfoque innovador en Educación Superior
Authors: Rojas-Fajardo Aida Josefina
Published: May 2017

Presentar una propuesta epistemológica que, de respuesta a los sentidos referidos por los mismos profesores frente a la evaluación profesoral, nos refiere, según resultados de este estudio, al diálogo como opción en la evaluación del desempeño profesoral, porque facilita el encuentro profesor–estudiante, es un espacio para la palabra, la reflexión, la democracia, lo ético, la construcción pedagógica y la construcción de sentidos y significados. Esta propuesta de evaluación dialogante, se basa en fundamentos empíricos, teóricos, pedagógicos, epistemológicos, ontológicos y éticos de la evaluación dialogante.
Learning to program with Game Maker
Authors: Johnson Claire
Published: May 2017

Game Maker is widely used in UK secondary schools, yet under-researched in that context. This paper presents the findings of a qualitative case study that explores how authoring computer games using Game Maker can support the learning of basic programming concepts in a mainstream UK secondary setting. Â The research draws on the learning theory of constructionism, which asserts the importance of pupils using computers as â€˜building materialâ€™ to create digital artefacts (Papert, 1980; Harel and Papert, 1991), and considers the extent to which a constructionist approach is suitable for introducing basic programming concepts within a contemporary, game authoring context. Â The research was conducted in a high achieving comprehensive school in South East England. Twenty-two pupils (12 boys; 10 girls; 13-14 years old) completed a unit of work in computer game authoring over an eight-week (16 x 50 minute lessons) period. In planning and developing their games, they worked in self-selected pairs, apart from two pupils (one boy and one girl) who worked alone, by choice. Nine of the ten pairs were the same gender. Data were collected in planning documents, journals and the games pupils made, in recordings of their working conversations, and in pair, group and artefact-based interviews. Findings indicate that as well as learning some basic programming concepts, pupils enjoyed the constructionist-designed activity, demonstrated positive attitudes to their work, and felt a sense of achievement in creating a complex artefact that had personal and cultural significance for them. However, the findings also suggest that the constructionist approach adopted in the research did not effectively support the learning of programming concepts for all pupils. This research arises out of a perceived need to develop accessible, extended units of work to implement aspects of the Computing curriculum in England. It suggests that using Game Maker may offer a viable entry, and identifies the programming concepts and practices which pupils encountered, the difficulties they experienced, and the errors they made when authoring computer games. It also offers recommendations to increase the readiness with which students engage with key programming concepts and practices when using this visual programming software. In so doing it makes a practical contribution to the field of qualitative research in secondary computing education.Â
Water, sanitation and hygiene practice and associated factors among HIV infected people in Arba Minch town, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Haftu Desta , Gebremichael Gebrekiros , Ajema Desalegn , Gedamu Genet , Agedew Eskezyiaw
Published: May 2017

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected people have substantially greater need for water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). Many opportunistic infections cause high morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV (PLHIV) than in immune competent populations. The objective of the study was to assess WASH practices and associated factors among PLHIV. A cross-sectional study design was conducted. Bivariate and multivariate logistic model was employed. According to this study, 97 (23.5%) of the households have unimproved water status, 221 (53.5%) of the households have unimproved sanitation status and 171 (41.4%) of the households have poor hygiene practice. Diarrhoea [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 16; 95% confidence interval (CI): (6, 44)] was associated with water status of the clients. Occupational status [AOR = 8.9; 95% CI: (2, 38)], wealth index [AOR = 0.23; 95% CI: (0.12, 0.4)], frequency of body washing [AOR = 0.23; 95% CI: (0.12, 0.4)] and hand washing device availability [AOR = 4.4; 95% CI: (2.5, 8)] were significantly associated with hygienic practice. It was concluded that the magnitude of the problem regarding WASH practices in HIV infected people in the study area was high. Health education and integrated additional support for the provision of WASH practices is needed.
Effects of fulvic acid and ferric hydroxide on removal of Fe2+ and Mn2+ by oxidation and aerated/submerged ultrafiltration membrane system
Authors: Acar Turkan Ormanci , Durak Sevgi Gunes , Tüfekci Nese
Published: May 2017

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of fulvic acid (FA) and ferric hydroxide on the Fe2+ and Mn2+ removal by oxidation and aerated/submerged membrane systems. Firstly, the oxidation kinetics of Fe2+ and Mn2+ in the presence of FA and ferric hydroxide are discussed and then the contribution of the oxidation step in membrane experiments is determined. All experiments are conducted with synthetic drinking water and the concentration of contaminants is determined by characterization of two different drinking water sources in the city of Istanbul: Ömerli Dam Lake and Danamandıra Village groundwater. The addition of ferric hydroxide helps to mitigate fouling and enhances the rejection of Mn2+ by up to 90% by developing a secondary filtration layer on the membrane surface which has been considered a challenge in drinking water treatment plants.
The Guidance Layer of the Cul-de-sac Courtyard Physical Environment Evaluation Toolkit (CPEET)
Authors: Ibrahim Bajunid Anniz Fazli , Abbas Mohamed Yusoff , Nawawi Abdul Hadi , Wan Rodi Wan Norhishamuddin
Published: May 2017

The environment-behaviour of a cul-de-sac courtyard poses an array of intriguing questions, both qualitatively and quantitatively. In establishing a systematic and reliable evaluation of these micro-neighbourhoods, a sequence of procedural best practices of an evaluation toolkit was introduced. Documenting measurable evidences as well as illustrating the anecdotal nature of a cul-de-sac courtyard requires specific and duplicable chronicling processes. The Cul-de-sac Courtyard Physical Environment Evaluation Toolkit (CPEET), adapted appropriately from AEDET Evolution and ASPECT, became the foundation of the toolkit.
Conscientiousness and Collectivism as the Predictors of Shame and Guilt Proneness
Authors: Abraham Juneman , Pane Murty Magda
Published: May 2017

This research investigated the relation between conscientiousness, collectivism, and corrupt tendency which is represented by moral emotions (shame and guilt proneness). The study was conducted on 117 students (76 male, 41 female; Mage = 18.93 years old; SDage = 1.67 years old) in Jakarta. The result shows that (1) Collectivism and conscientiousness positively predict guilt proneness, and (2) Collectivism and conscientiousness can not predict shame proneness.
Integration of Supply Chain in IBS Construction
Authors: Abd Shukor Ani Saifuza , Muhammad Halil Faridah , Mohammad Mohammad Fadhil , Mahbub Rohana
Published: May 2017

To ensure the success of IBS construction, the research will look at the integration means and factors that helped to integrate the IBS supply chains. Findings from semi-structured interviews with key IBS supply chain players revealed, human and behavioural factors, supply chain process and exchange flow, supply chain structure and collaboration and the working environment should be developed amongst the IBS supply chains. The findings contribute enabling factors to improve integration within IBS supply chains in the construction environment in Malaysia.
Job Embeddedness and Organizational Climate
Authors: Hashim Hasnizawati , Amir Ishak Noormala , Ab. Ghani Hilmi Zulkifli
Published: May 2017

Issues regarding persons with disability (PWD) at workplace have become an endless argument. PWD faced difficulties at their workplaces after struggling to get the job. They faced with problems that could not make them work longer. This paper examines the relationship between organizational climate and their job embeddedness. It reveals that disabled employees must be supported by an appropriate organizational climate to ensure their embeddedness with the company. The findings can be used in the creation of a better organizational climate specially prepared for the disabled employees as part of the company’s responsibilities as the PWD have their rights in receiving the same treatment as received by other normal employees.
Abordagem cirúrgica da articulação coxofemoral de ouriço-cacheiro (Coendou prehensilis, Linnaeus, 1758) (Rodentia)
Authors: Santos André Luiz Quagliatto , Simone Simone Borges Salgueiro De , Carvalho Saulo Fernandes Mano de , Menezes Lorena Tannús , Nascimento Liliane Rangel , Kaminishi Arthur Paulino Sanzo , Silva Juliana Macedo Magnino
Published: May 2017

The objective was to study the technique of surgical approach to the hip joint of hedgehog (Coendou prehensilis) using four adult specimens that were sent to the Laboratory for Teaching and Research on Wild Animals. A skin incision over the greater trochanter, along the cranial border of the biceps femoris muscle in order to release the muscle tensor fascia lata with its edge in the gluteus medius was the technique of choice. The skin margins were divulsed and remote. The technique proved effective for the animal in question.
Avaliação de dois diluentes e diferentes técnicas de criopreservação de sêmen bovino
Authors: Silva Natalia do Carmo , Leão Karen Martins , Moutinho Elen de Paula Matias , Silva Rossane Pereira da , Rodrigues Moraima Castro , Silva Marco Antônio Pereira da
Published: May 2017

The objective of the work was compare two commercial diluents of cryopreservation, Botu-bovÒ (BB) and BovimixÒ (BM) and evaluate the effect of different protocols of cryopreservation on the spermatic viability of the bovine semen after-defrosting. Were used four ejaculates of five bovine reproducers, previously selected. The ejaculates were diluted and envased, and after that congealed in eight different protocols: Protocol I - BB 1h refrigerator and 3cm of nitrogen; Protocol II - BB 1h refrigerator and 6cm of nitrogen; Protocol III - BB 3h refrigerator and 3cm of nitrogen; Protocol IV - BB 3h refrigerator and 6cm of nitrogen; Protocol V - BM 1h refrigerator and 3cm of nitrogen; Protocol VI - BM 1h refrigerator and 6cm of nitrogen; Protocol VII - BM 3h refrigerator and 3cm of nitrogen; Protocol VIII - BM 3h refrigerator and 6cm of nitrogen. The samples were defrosted at 37°C per 30 seconds and after (T0) was evaluated the total motility (%), progressive motility (%) and vigor (0-5). The analyses were repeated after 1 hour (T1) of defrosting. The results demonstrated that the tested diluents and protocols not influenced the spermatic viability after the defrosting, however, were observed an animal effect in the congelability of the semen.
Efeito da temperatura ambiente sobre a viabilidade do sêmen de varrões
Authors: Martins Poliana Carneiro , Galdeano José Vanderlei Burim , Leão Karen Martins , Mesquita Abner Alves , Silva Felipe Rocha , Silva Marco Antônio Pereira da
Published: May 2017

The pigs shown to be sensitive to conditions of heat and, as a result, may have changed their reproductive efficiency during periods of high temperature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of environmental temperature on seminal viability of boars. After harvest, we assessed total motility (%), progressive motility (%), vigor (0-5), membrane integrity (%) and percentage of abnormal sperm from semen samples. The animals were subjected to two treatments: Treatment I - animals kept in cages under temperature conditions within the standards of thermal comfort; Treatment II - animals kept in cages under temperature conditions outside the standards of thermal comfort. Semen samples were placed between slide and coverslip heated to 37 °C for analysis of MT (%) MP (%) and vigor (0-5). Evaluations of membrane integrity slides were stained with the dye eosin-nigrosina. In assessing the pathology slides were stained with dyes bengal rose and gensiana violet. In all cases, the slides were observed under optical microscope at a magnification of 40 x. The results showed a significant effect of temperature on seminal viability of animals subjected to different thermal conditions, which revealed that high temperatures can result in reduced semen quality.
Utilização de bioestimulantes na cultura da cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.)
Authors: Costa Newton de Lucena , Daros Edelclaiton , Moraes Anibal de
Published: May 2017

The use of biostimulants in the sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) culture is a management practice that potentially can increase its productivity and the industrial performance, favoring the higher performance of the vital physiological phenomena involved in the biomass and sugar accumulation by the plant, permitting obtain better and higher harvests, even under adverse environmental conditions. For the effect desired with the use of specific biostimulants is important know the physiological process regulated by the hormone or group of hormones, the adequate dose for biological process manipulate, as well the organ of the plant where will occur the reactions. By its composition of multiple hormones in lower concentrations, as well by lower doses recommended, the application of a biostimulant alone hardly will be able to regular or manipulate a physiological process. Thus, the biostimulant will be a complement in the maintenance of the physiological process, what can be very important role to maximizes growth plants under environmental (dry, frost) and biotics (pests and diseases) adverse conditions.
Miosite dos músculos mastigatórios em Rottweiler – Relato de caso
Authors: Rondon Eric Schmidt , Dutra Tatiana Rodrigues , Ferreira Sabrina Martins , Pinto Luciana Gonçalves
Published: May 2017

The clinical presentation of masticatory muscle myositis (MMM) in dogs reflects focal inflammatory myopathy of the muscles of mastication, while limb muscles are spared. Signs range from acute swelling of the temporalis and masseter muscles, restricted jaw movement, jaw pain, and exophthalmus, to muscle atrophy. The diagnosis is confirmed by a muscle biopsy. Early diagnosis and therapy with immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids usually yields a good prognosis. This paper reports a case of MMM in a Rottweiler.
Efeitos da utilização de ácidos orgânicos em rações de frangos de corte
Authors: Funari Junior Pascoal , Ishizuka Adriele Nayara Dias , Silva Rayane Sol Amaral , Rodrigues Aline de Oliveira , Mariussi Aline Cassacchi , Pereira Valdomiro , Silva Isabella Goulart Oliveira da , Silva Viviane Alcântara da
Published: May 2017

This study aimed to evaluate the consequences of replacing growth promoter antibiotics by organic acids in diets of broilers. A completely randomized design was utilized, with 5 treatments (T1: negative control without antibiotics or organic acids; T2: latic, propionic and formic acids; T3: fumaric, formic, propionic and sorbic acids; T4:  lactic, formic, fumaric and citric acids; T5: positive control, addition of antibiotic) and 7 replicates of 8 birds per experimental units. To evaluate de performance, the weight and feed intake were measured at different stages (1-21; 21-35; 35-42 day old). At 42 day old, 2 birds per pen were sacrificed with human methods to evaluate carcass yield, breast yield and leg yield. The results showed that organic acids have no influence on carcass yield and cuts. The performance should be better evaluated, because the experimental conditions don’t offer an enough environmental challenge for the additives (antibiotics and organic acids) can show their potential.
Produção de leite e duração da lactação de cabras da raça Pardo-alpina no município de Amélia Rodrigues – BA
Authors: Santos Charles Muller Silva dos , Santana Adelmo Ferreira de
Published: May 2017

20 Pardo-alpina goats from a farm localizated in the municipal district of Amélia Rodrigues – BA were used to evaluate the lactation length and daily or total milk production during the first and second calving. In the first lactation the average of milk production and length was 408,81 ± 35,697 Kg of milk and 191,665 ± 20,907 days, respectively, while in the second lactation the average of production became 482,93 ± 65,917 Kg of milk and the length, 219,630 ± 28,047 days. There was a high positive correlation behind milk production and lactation length. However there wasn’t significative difference (p>0,05) with the daily production behind the calvings.
Zeolita na dieta de bovinos de corte
Authors: Câmara Larissa Rodrigues de Azevedo , Valadares Filho Sebastião de Campos , Gomide Ana Paula Cardoso , Leão Maria Ignez , Scottá Bruno Andreatta , Carneiro Camila
Published: May 2017

The establishment of beef cattle is a rise in circulation in various regions of Brazil. As eating is the main factor of cost of owner ship, it becomes very important to study ways to enhance the ability of dietary energy utilization by animals, makingit feasibleto use certain nutrients. For this reason, in recent years, there has been considerable interest in reducing losses of nitrogen (N) by ruminants. Among these means is the use of additives, some of which areal ready consolidated (antibiotics, ionophores, buffers) and others are still being evaluated (zeolite). The high cation exchange capacity and the marked preference for do NH4+, K+, Ca2+, Na+ e Mg2+  believe that the zeolite has a high potential to be used as a food additive.
Incidência e avaliação da atividade lipolítica e proteolítica de Bacillus cereus em leite UHT
Authors: Maziero Maike Taís , Viana Cibeli , Montanhini Neto Roberto , Pinto José Paes de Almeida Nogueira , Bersot Luciano dos Santos
Published: May 2017

Bacillus cereus is a thermoduric microorganism that may has lipolytic and proteolytic activity, decreasing the quality of dairy products by causing sensorial defects during shelf life. The presence of B. cereus was evaluated in 110 UHT milk samples from 19 commercial brands, using two methods: qualitative and quantitative. By the quantitative technique no sample had any counts above the limit of detection (> 10 CFU/ml). On the other hand, by the qualitative method 18 samples (16.36%) were positive for B. cereus. All strains of B. cereus isolated from UHT milk showed proteolytic activity after 24h incubation. Any isolated strain had lipolytic activity after 24h of incubation, however, extending this incubation to 96h, 10 strains formed characteristic lipolysis sign in growth medium. It was found that 44.4% B. cereus strains presented both lipolytic and proteolytic activity.
Bovinos com abscesso em carcaças abatidas e submetidas ao controle do Serviço de Inspeção Federal, no período de 2006 a 2009
Authors: Bueno João Paulo Rodrigues , Cipriano Luanda Ferreira , Moura Mariela Silva , Reis Denio Oliveira
Published: May 2017

The improvement in the production of domestic cattle led Brazil in recent years become the main exporter of meat on the planet. The Brazilian legislation is the subject of abscesses with rigor. The abscesses are circumscribed purulent inflammation, delineated by the formation of fibrous connective tissue capsule, caused by bacteria. The objective is to survey the number of slaughtered cattle with abscesses in the states of Goias, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais and São Paulo subject to the control of the Federal Inspection Service in the period 2006 to 2009, municipalities and state of origin animal with the highest number of cases of the disease. Through the post-mortem examination was made at the macroscopic view of the findings. We conclude that a total of 1,020,735 animals slaughtered, 1630 presented some findings of abscess, which represents 0, 159%.
Efeito da suplementação de calor para leitões recém-nascidos
Authors: Castro Júnior Fernando Gomes de , Camargo José Carlos de M. , Budiño Fábio Enrique Lemos
Published: May 2017

During the summer, 24 sows (first weaning), from the breeds, Duroc Jersey, Wessex Saddleback and “Piau Canastra”, and his litters were used to evaluate the effects of supplemental heat (lamp 250 watts infra red brood). Heat lamp was removed from the farrowing area at 3 days post partum. The farrowing houses were located in Itapeva Recherché and Development Unit (Swine Experimental Station), at 684 meters above the sea, 23º 58’56”, sud latitude, and 48º 52’ 32” west. Longitude. There was no artificial temperature control in forrowing house and the means of temperature and relative humidity were 23ºC and 76%, respectively.  A complete randomized design was utilized with 4 replicates and 6 treatments in 3 ´ 2 factorials. The factors were: breeds (Duroc, Wessex and Piau) and supplemental heat (with and without infra red lamp).The results showed that: 1) No significant differences at the 5% probability level were observed in baby pig survivals up to 5 days after birth, between and inside breeds, with or without supplemental heat; 2) The litters from native breed (Piau Canastra), presented a trend to have lower weight gain up to 5 days after birth than the exotics, however, only Wessex breed weight gain litters was significantly (P
Alterações reprodutivas em garanhão após quadro clínico de broncopneumonia
Authors: Fernandes Ludmila Souza , Coelho Polyana Galvão Bernardes , Pinho Rogério Oliveira , Carvalho Gabriel Domingos
Published: May 2017

One stallion from the race Mangalarga Marchador, five years, used for equestrian competitions and endurance running (both resistance tests), showed clinic signs as coughing, apathy, mucopurulent nose secretion, pulmonary rales, fever (39,5C) and lack of appetite. This animal was in a property where at least five animals were being treated for bacterial pneumonia secondary to viral infection. Also in the course of clinical signs the animal had swelling in the extremities of the members, peri-orbital swell and swelling of the scrotum. Features those are present in viral infections such as herpesvirus, adenovirus, rhinovirus and arterivirus. Due to the swell of the scrotum andrologic monitoring was initiated to evaluate the quality of the stallion semen. It was shown that the sperm showed characteristics of subfertility during two months after presenting the swell of scrotum and then returned to the situation considered capable of generating products.
Retroviral Lentivírus: infectividade, transmissão, diagnóstico da Anemia Infecciosa Equina e os desafios da retrovirologia para o novo milênio
Authors: Carvalho Paulo Reis de , Mosetto Helvécio , Villalobos Eliana Monteforte Cassaro , Margatho Luiz Florencio Franco
Published: May 2017

Since the first citation in equids in 1843 in France until today, the Lentivirus (family Retroviridae), single-stranded RNA, continues to challenge the foundations of scientific knowledge in virology how prevention strategies and vaccine immunization. The AIDS of the horse, so-called due to its kinship with the Lentivirus in the same group of the Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome(HIV or AIDS human) once in contact with the cell, imposed its genetic mechanism and from the RNA if the replica expense of the host cell of the reticuloendothelial system through the synthesis of proteins for new virions. Opposite this scenario, in veterinary medicine the practice adopted in relation to serum-positive for Equine Infectious Anemia is the sacrifice. A total of 40.500 equine serums were processed in Laboratory Animal Pathology APTA-Bauru, originating from 225 municipalities and 21.608 different establishments. This research was conducted in order to diagnostic, the sacrifice of positive animals and elimination of focus, studying if through of the proof of Coggins modified by Nakajima, being detecting 0.19% of total prevalence and 0.13% for males versus 0.21% for females over the period 1984 to 2011. The main changes were in relation to the immune and hematological system, seen that in the genesis of anemia there is intense erythrophagocytosis in diseased animals. The main anatomo-pathological findings were reticuloendotheliosis generalized in the organs. Beyond vertical transmission, horizontal through tools (objects perforating or cutting), vectors of blood-sucking Diptera, Tabanus sp and Stomoxys calcitrans, were mainly responsible for mechanical transmission and is very often found in the creations of horses, with intense proliferation in the warmer months and higher rainfall (September to March) of the year. How much the prevention, in this study reviewing the literature, there is mention of live attenuated vaccines against Lentivirus, which cited a vaccine of Chinese origin, used in outbreaks of disease in the China. However, no official recognition, as well as several authors has attested the absence of proof of your efficacy for use in other countries and confounding in serological diagnosis, precluding the distinction between animals healthy and diseased from the use of this.
Comercialização do pescado no Município de Campos dos Goytacazes – RJ
Authors: Real Gabriela Soares Carvalho Pamplona Corte , Matos Marize Bastos de , Lyra Michelle Sant’Anna , Andrade Dálcio Ricardo de
Published: May 2017

Over three years, a survey was conducted in Campos dos Goytacazes city, in order to obtain an overview of pisciculture local. In this approach, questionnaires were applied to traders and fishermen, whose the main questions were related to the species sold, prices and conservation methods, fish-selling and most wanted, expectations of improvement in the marketing and exploration. No changes were observed over the three years for the sale of fish, that price stability was mainly due to low inflation in the period evaluated. There was no variation in the local extraction of marketable fish, seeing that all are owned by ponds, rivers and seas nearby. The marketing of marine species and freshwater in Campos city is developing slowly. Traders and fishermen have expectations of improvements since it has increased investment in infrastructure by the government.
A hátsó sorból
Authors: Gálik Mihály
Published: May 2017

Ismertető esszé Pablo J. Boczkowski and Eugenia Mitchelstein The News Gap. When the Information of the Media and the Public Diverge (2013, MIT Press, Cambridge MA - London England) c. könyvéről

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From the back row

Overview essay on Pablo J. Boczkowski and Eugenia Mitchelstein The News Gap. When the Information of the Media and the Public Diverge (MIT Press, Cambridge MA - London England, 2013, 320 pages, ISBN: 9780262019835)
Are Socially Responsible Firms Less Likely to Expatriate? An Examination of Corporate Inversions
Authors: Huang Henry He , Sun Li , Yu Tong (Robert
Published: May 2017

This study examines whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) is related to the likelihood of corporate inversions, a legal tax-planning strategy. We use a full sample to test stakeholder theory and a risk management view of CSR. We find that firms with higher CSR performance are less likely to expatriate compared to firms with lower CSR performance. Although equity investors react positively to inversion announcements, we find that the reaction is less positive for firms with higher CSR ratings. These results are consistent with stakeholder theory. We do not find evidence that inversion firms experience significant improvements in operating performance after inversion. Overall, this study improves our understanding of the role of CSR in corporate expatriation decisions and has practical implications for a firm's stakeholders.

Data Availability: Data are available from sources identified in the paper.
”Elämäni vaikein ristiriita”. Affektit ja vanhoillislestadiolainen homoseksuaalisuus
Authors: Kejonen Eetu , Ratinen Teemu
Published: May 2017

Artikkeli käsittelee vanhoillislestadiolaista herätysliikettä, jonka seksuaalietiikkaa määrittelevät vahva konservativismi ja heteronormatiivisuus. Artikkelissa tarkastellaan vanhoillislestadiolaisiksi homoseksuaaleiksi itsensä identifioivien ihmisten omaelämäkerrallisia kirjeitä kysyen, millaista homoseksuaalista subjektiutta erilaiset uskonyhteisön sisällä elävät affektiiviset rajanvedot ja käytänteet tuottavat. Kysymystä tarkastellaan sekä yksilön että perheen ja suvun lähisuhteiden tasolla: kuinka seksuaalinen subjektius rakentuu yksilön itseensä kohdistamissa pohdinnoissa? Entä kuinka perheen keskinäiset affektiiviset käytänteet mahdollistavat homoseksuaalina elämisen ja toimimisen? Artikkeli haastaa pohtimaan toisin näkemystä uskonnosta vain seksuaalisuutta rajoittavana voimana. Vaikka pintatasolla näyttää siltä, että vanhoillislestadiolainen yhteisö torjuu voimakkaasti homoseksuaalisuuden, aineistona olevien kirjeiden analyysi osoittaa, että yhteisön sisällä käydään jatkuvasti monimuotoisia affekteihin kytkeytyviä neuvotteluja esimerkiksi pyhän rajoista ja niistä ehdoista, joilla homoseksuaalisesti tunteva voi tulla osaksi yhteisöä.
Lukiolaisten masentuneisuus ja vanhempien työllisyystilanne –Uudenmaan ja Pohjanmaan maakuntien suomen- ja ruotsinkielisten lukioiden opiskelijoiden vertailua
Authors: Kangas Elina , Tynjälä Jorma , Välimaa Raili , Kivimäki Hanne
Published: May 2017

Suomessa väestöryhmien väliset hyvinvointierot ovat suuria. Tutkimuksissa on raportoitu esimerkiksialueellisia, sosioekonomisten ryhmien välisiä ja suomen- ja ruotsinkielisen kieliryhmän välisiähyvinvointieroja. Nämä erot näkyvät myös lasten ja nuorten terveydessä ja hyvinvoinnissa.Tässä tutkimuksessa analysoitiin, vaihteleeko Uudenmaan ja Pohjanmaan lukiolaistenmasentuneisuuden yleisyys lukion opetuskielen, sukupuolen, maakunnan ja vanhempientyöllisyystilanteen suhteen. Aineistona olivat vuosina 2010 ja 2011 Kouluterveyskyselyihin(Terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin laitos) vastanneet Uudenmaan ja Pohjanmaan alueilla sijaitsevienlukioiden oppilaat (n=3974). Masentuneisuutta mitattiin Kouluterveyskyselyyn sisältyvälläBeckin lyhyen mielialakyselyn suomalaisella versiolla, joka mittaa vastaajan itse arvioimaamasennusoireilua.Uudenmaan ja Pohjanmaan lukiolaisista 11 %:lla oli keskivaikeaa tai vaikeaa masentuneisuutta.Kieliryhmien välinen ero masentuneisuuden esiintyvyydessä ilmeni ainoastaan Uudellamaalla, jossakeskivaikea tai vaikea masentuneisuus oli suomenkielisten lukioiden opiskelijoilla yleisempää kuinruotsinkielisten lukioiden opiskelijoilla.Keskeisin tulos oli se, että suomenkielisten lukioiden opiskelijoilla vanhempien työttömyystai pakkoloma lisäsivät selvästi keskivaikean tai vaikean masentuneisuuden riskiä. Jos toinenvanhemmista oli työttömänä tai pakkolomalla, masentuneisuuden todennäköisyys oli kaksinkertainen (Ristitulosuhde OR = 2,04; 95 % luottamusväli 1,52–2,74) ja jos molemmatvanhemmista olivat työttömänä tai pakkolomalla, masentuneisuuden todennäköisyys oli yliviisin kertainen (Ristitulosuhde OR = 5,10; 95 % luottamusväli 2,88–9,03) verrattunalukiolaisiin, joiden vanhemmilla ei ollut työttömyyttä tai pakkolomia. Ruotsinkielisten lukioidenopiskelijoilla vanhempien työttömyys tai pakkoloma ei ollut yhteydessä keskivaikean tai vaikeanmasentuneisuuden riskiin.Voidaan pohtia, miksi suomenkielisen ja ruotsinkielisen kieliryhmän välillä on erojatarkasteltaessa lukiolaisten masentuneisuutta vanhempien työttömyyden tai pakkolomien suhteen.Voidaanko tätä eroa selittää esimerkiksi muuttoliikkeen vaikutuksen tai perheiden taloudellisentoimeentulon kautta.
Small Wind Energy Systems. State of the Art and New Challenges (Invited Paper)
Authors: M. Ma˜nanaq
Published: May 2017

This paper is devoted to the analysis of small
wind energy systems, including a review of the state of the art
and new challenges.
Comparison of different wind farm layouts for a 25 MW project in the south west of Algeria
Authors: M. KESRAOUI  , A. HARFOUCHE  , D. ACHELI
Published: May 2017

. The object of this work is to evaluate and compute the power potential of the KABERTEN site and to make the rigorous choice among different placements of wind turbines in order to decrease the wake effect and improve the power efficiency. Three proposals of wind farm layouts where all the turbines are faced to the prevailing wind have been used in the simulations. The results for individual and global energy yield as well as wake loss have been obtained and plotted. The wind Atlas Application Program (WASP) software of the Danish RISO laboratory is used in the study as a simulation tool to evaluate potential of the chosen site and to determine the best wind farm layout for a 25 MW project.
PERFORMANCE AND EFFICIENCY OF A BI-FUEL BIO METHANE/GASOLINE VEHICLE
Authors: Brenda S. Lemke  , Nolan McCann  , Ahmad Pourmovahed
Published: May 2017

Compressed natural gas (CNG) vehicles have been utilized in fleet applications in the United States for decades. However, vehicles capable of running on both gasoline and CNG are uncommon, with very few applications intending to use bio methane instead of CNG. This paper discusses the conversion of a production vehicle running on gasoline, CNG, and bio methane, the product of upgraded biogas. The technology used in this application allows the vehicle to switch instantaneously between the liquid and gaseous fuels without affecting drivability. The CNG tank is mounted in the bed of the truck and is plumbed to the engine bay, where the fuel is injected into the engine via natural gas fuel injectors. The vehicle is tested for exhaust gas emissions (CO, CH4 , CO2 , NOx , and HC). This article will present a detailed description of the bi-fuel vehicle, the CNG fuel system, the test procedures followed, the aforementioned test data, analysis of the test results, and a comparison of the results for CNG and gasoline as fuels
Quantitative Assessment of Distributed Generation Benefits to Improve Power System Indices
Authors: Mehdi S. Naderi  , Mohammad S. Naderi  , K. Rahmani  , G.B. Gharehpetian  , L. Zahedi
Published: May 2017

In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to assess and quantifying some of the technical benefits of Distributed Generation (DG) based on a set of indices. The proposed indices are: Voltage Profile Improvement index, Network Loss Reduction index, Line Capacity Release index and Greenhouse Gases Effect Reduction index. The Zanjan Regional Electric Company (ZREC) power system network has been simulated by DIgSILENT software and proposed indices have been determined in different scenarios. These scenarios have been developed considering the number of busses with DG connection, geographically dispersed substations with installed DGs and the capacity of the installed DG. The study results have been presented and discussed to illustrate quantitatively usefulness of utilizing distributed generation technologies in bulk power system.
Two Distinct Regions in a Pulsed-Axisymmetric Jet
Authors: Hariyo P. S. Pratomo  , Klaus Bremhorst
Published: May 2017

This research concerns on the axial measurement of a pulsed-axisymmetric jet to investigate the decay of inverse of mean centerline axial velocity with the use of a single normal hot-wire anemometer. The measurement is performed by controlling mean exit velocity and pulsing frequency. The axial measurement reveals that the pulsation method leads to the appearances of two distinct regions namely the pulsed dominated- and the high turbulence steady jetregions. However, the existence of the two regions can be controlled by adjusting the mean exit velocity and pulsing frequency. At a high mean exit velocity and low pulsing frequency, the high turbulence steady region is not seen, hence the transition region can not be found. Furthermore, at a high pulsing frequency and a constant mean exit velocity, the pulse dominated region becomes shorter. The present study has provided a comprehensive knowledge in that the trend of the decay rate is very clear under the wide range of pulsation method imposed on the jet. This inclusive understanding becomes a substantial consideration for mixing processes as well as can be used to verify the k-ε turbulence model to predict the decay of normalized mean centerline-axial velocity.
Design and Experimental Study of a Novel Two-stage Brushless Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Machine
Authors: Zhu Shushu  , Liu Chuang  , Yihao Xu  , Ma Yundong
Published: May 2017

. A novel two-stage brushless generation system which is based on Tangential / Radial Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Machine (T/R-HESM) is proposed in this paper. The configuration and operation principle are introduced. Meanwhile, a novel two-stage brushless scheme is designed. Comparing with traditional brushless scheme, the problems such as complex system and long axial length can be overcome by novel scheme. In this paper, this novel scheme which can realize complete self-excitation, is introduced in detail and compared with current scheme. In the aspect of excitation system, the exciter is designed. Finally, a prototype is made to verify the correctness and reliability of this novel two-stage brushless scheme by experiment. From above-mentioned study, the application of hybrid excitation synchronous machine is expanded in the areas of aerospace, wind generation and so on.
-Stirling engine – The effect of different working gases and pressures
Authors: S. Oberweis  , T.T. Al-Shemmeri
Published: May 2017

This paper presents an investigation into the effects of changing the charge pressure as well as the working gas in a gamma type Stirling engine. An algorithm is developed to predict the effects of engine pressure and the type of working gas on the performance of a gamma-type Stirling engine. Based on the equation of state and the principle of energy and mass conservation, a set of first order differential equations are established. The fourth order Runge-Kutta method is used to solve these equations. The heat losses due to imperfect regeneration and pumping losses in the heat exchangers are included in the solution. The results show that using a working gas of lower density will cause less power losses compared to a working gas of higher density. Above 7.5bar the increase in efficiency with increased pressure becomes less significant with less than 4% increase from 7.5bar to 15bar for air. There is a linear relation between the amount of actual work and the nominal pressure charge of the engine. The results obtained from this simulation show a satisfactory working condition of the engine. The model sections and subsections were verified step by step using detailed and laborious manual calculations.