bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adult obesity treatment and prevention: A trans‐agency commentary on the research landscape, gaps, and future opportunities
Authors: Hoffman Rebecca K. , Donze Laurie Friedman , Agurs‐Collins Tanya , Belay Brook , Berrigan David , Blanck Heidi M. , Brandau Andrea , Chue Amanda , Czajkowski Susan , Dillon Glenn , Kompaniyets Lyudmyla , Kowtha Bramaramba , Li Rui , Mujuru Priscah , Mudd Lanay , Nebeling Linda , Tomoyasu Naomi , Young‐Hyman Deborah , Zheng Xincheng (Ted) , Pratt Charlotte
Published: June 2024

Given the high and growing prevalence of obesity among adults in the United States, obesity treatment and prevention are important topics in biomedical and public health research. Although researchers recognize the significance of this problem, much remains unknown about safe and effective prevention and treatment of obesity in adults. In response to the worsening obesity epidemic and the many unknowns regarding the disease, a group of key scientific and program staff members of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and other federal and non‐government agencies gathered virtually in September 2021 to discuss the current state of obesity research, research gaps, and opportunities for future research in adult obesity prevention and treatment. The current article synthesizes presentations given by attendees and shares their organizations' current initiatives and identified gaps and opportunities. By integrating the information discussed in the meeting and current initiatives, we identify potential targets and overlapping priorities for future research, including health equity and disparities in obesity, the heterogeneity of obesity, and the use of technological and innovative approaches in interventions.
Proteomic signatures uncover phenotypic plasticity of susceptible and resistant genotypes by wall remodelers in rice blast
Authors: Sinha Arunima , Narula Kanika , Bhola Latika , Sengupta Atreyee , Choudhary Pooja , Nalwa Pragya , Kumar Mohit , Elagamey Eman , Chakraborty Niranjan , Chakraborty Subhra
Published: June 2024

Molecular communication between macromolecules dictates extracellular matrix (ECM) dynamics during pathogen recognition and disease development. Extensive research has shed light on how plant immune components are activated, regulated and function in response to pathogen attack. However, two key questions remain largely unresolved: (i) how does ECM dynamics govern susceptibility and disease resistance, (ii) what are the components that underpin these phenomena? Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae adversely affects rice productivity. To understand ECM regulated genotype‐phenotype plasticity in blast disease, we temporally profiled two contrasting rice genotypes in disease and immune state. Morpho‐histological, biochemical and electron microscopy analyses revealed that increased necrotic lesions accompanied by electrolyte leakage governs disease state. Wall carbohydrate quantification showed changes in pectin level was more significant in blast susceptible compared to blast resistant cultivar. Temporally resolved quantitative disease‐ and immune‐responsive ECM proteomes identified 308 and 334 proteins, respectively involved in wall remodelling and integrity, signalling and disease/immune response. Pairwise comparisons between time and treatment, messenger ribonucleic acid expression, diseasome and immunome networks revealed novel blast‐related functional modules. Data demonstrated accumulation of α‐galactosidase and phosphatase were associated with disease state, while reactive oxygen species, induction of Lysin motif proteins, CAZymes and extracellular Ca‐receptor protein govern immune state.
The OsZIP2 transporter is involved in root‐to‐shoot translocation and intervascular transfer of cadmium in rice
Authors: Li Meng‐Zhen , Hu Da‐Wei , Liu Xiang‐Qian , Zhang Rui , Liu Huan , Tang Zhong , Zhao Fang‐Jie , Huang Xin‐Yuan
Published: June 2024

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal that poses serious threats to human health. Rice is a major source of dietary Cd but how rice plants transport Cd to the grain is not fully understood. Here, we characterize the function of the ZIP (ZRT, IRT‐like protein) family protein, OsZIP2, in the root‐to‐shoot translocation of Cd and intervascular transfer of Cd in nodes. OsZIP2 is localized at the plasma membrane and exhibited Cd2+ transport activity when heterologously expressed in yeast. OsZIP2 is strongly expressed in xylem parenchyma cells in roots and in enlarged vascular bundles in nodes. Knockout of OsZIP2 significantly enhanced root‐to‐shoot translocation of Cd and alleviated the inhibition of root elongation by excess Cd stress; whereas overexpression of OsZIP2 decreased Cd translocation to shoots and resulted in Cd sensitivity. Knockout of OsZIP2 increased Cd allocation to the flag leaf but decreased Cd allocation to the panicle and grain. We further reveal that the variation of OsZIP2 expression level contributes to grain Cd concentration among rice germplasms. Our results demonstrate that OsZIP2 functions in root‐to‐shoot translocation of Cd in roots and intervascular transfer of Cd in nodes, which can be used for breeding low Cd rice varieties.
An important step towards the comprehensive sun protection: Blue‐light exposure inhibits DNA repair in reconstituted human skin and a broadband sunscreen avoids this inhibition
Authors: Tonolli Paulo Newton , Baptista Mauricio S.
Published: June 2024

The field of sun protection is quickly changing and the research article by Douki et al., published in the current issue of Photochemistry and Photobiology, reported key experimental data that will certainly help the development of better sun care products. Mutagenic photoproducts (CPDs, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and 6‐4PPs, pyrimidine‐6‐4‐pyrimidone photoproducts) were formed in the reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) by UVB (312 nm) irradiation, and their concentrations were detected by HPLC‐MS/MS as a function of time after the UVB treatment. RHE had been previously exposed or not (control) to blue light (427 nm). Both CPDs and 6‐4PPs were shown to last longer in blue‐light irradiated RHE, proving the inhibition of the DNA repair by blue light exposure. This is a highly relevant information because sunscreens allow people to enjoy longer periods under the sun and consequently, to endure very high doses of blue light. The work also reported results obtained with RHEs previously treated with a sunscreen formulation containing a broadband filter that offers blue‐light protection. Interestingly, authors observed that the DNA repair was not significantly inhibited in RHE previously treated with the sunscreen offering broadband protection. Readers will find a scientifically sound proof of the importance of blue‐light protection in sun care products.
Trajectory Planning and Tracking Using Decoupled CBF-QPs for Safe Navigation of Quadrotors
Authors: Khan Sufyan Hafeez , Ghaffari Azad
Published: June 2024

Control barrier function-based quadratic program (CBF-QP) provides an avenue for agile and numerically efficient obstacle avoidance algorithms. However, the CBF-QP methods may lead to lengthy detours and undesirable avoidance maneuvers. This paper proposes a bi-level CBF-QP for the safe navigation of quadrotors. A Planning-QP is proposed to create a safe reference trajectory that shadows the actual reference trajectory with prescribed avoidance acceleration, velocity, distance, and direction during the avoidance maneuver. A control Lyapunov function (CLF) ensures that modified reference closely matches the actual reference outside the avoidance regions and multiple control barrier functions (CBFs) ensure the safety and smoothness of the avoidance trajectory. Model uncertainties can undermine the safety of the quadrotor while tracking the modified reference. Hence, a Tracking-QP is designed to achieve accurate tracking with ensured safe maneuvering around obstacles, where a new CBF is constructed to prevent actuator saturation. Prescribed attitude bounds are ensured via additional acceleration constraints in the Tracking-QP. The proposed method is validated using numerous experiments involving various static obstacles where the quadrotor carries different payloads.
Acoustic Characterization of Integrated Circuits During Operation
Authors: Frankhouse Josef , Li Changgen , Hu Han
Published: June 2024

Power electronics are widely serving as core components of propulsion systems in electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft. Nevertheless, affected by the Paschen effect, the breakdown voltage of these electronics during flight is significantly lower than that on the ground, which could deteriorate system stability, or even cause aircraft faults or crashes, increasing safety risks for the public. As such, condition monitoring of power electronics has become critical for the safe operation of eVTOL. To achieve nonintrusive monitoring, acoustic emission (AE) sensors have gained traction with their prominent resistance to electromagnetic interference and high temperatures. However, existing studies yield conflicting results regarding whether an increase in loading voltage impacts the internal mechanical stress of electronics. To address this issue, we present this work to probe the existence and the pattern of a relationship between load voltage and stress wave, since the change of mechanical stress could generate acoustic waves that can be acquired by AE sensors. In this study, an AE sensor was applied onto an oscillator placed upon an epoxy substrate to characterize the acoustic waves emitted from the device under various input loads. In the experiment, we observed a unique AE signal pattern characterized by two distinct components that consistently intersect at a specific frequency. The time required to establish such intersections progressively lengthens as the load voltage increases. Through time-domain and frequency-domain analyses of the unique AE signals under different load voltages, it was discovered that certain features of the unique AE signals have an approximately linear relationship with the load voltage.
Unscrambling the Proterozoic supercontinent record of northeastern Washington State, USA
Authors: Brennan Daniel T. , Box Stephen E. , Eyster Athena
Published: June 2024

The time interval from Supercontinent Nuna assembly in the late Paleoproterozoic to Supercontinent Rodinia breakup in the Neoproterozoic is considered by some geologists to comprise the “Boring Billion,” an interval possibly marked by a slowdown in plate tectonic processes. In northeastern Washington State, USA, similar to much of western Laurentia, early workers generally thought the tectonostratigraphic framework of this interval of geologic time consisted of two major sequences, the (ca. 1480–1380 Ma) Mesoproterozoic Belt Supergroup and unconformably overlying (<720 Ma) Neoproterozoic Windermere Supergroup. However, recent research indicates that strata considered by early workers as Belt Supergroup equivalents are actually younger, and a post-Belt, pre-Windermere record is present within the <1360 Ma Deer Trail Group and <760 Ma Buffalo Hump Formation. Thus, the northeastern Washington region perhaps comprises the most complete stratigraphic record of the “Boring Billion” time interval in the northwestern United States and holds important insights into global Proterozoic supercontinent tectonic processes. In light of these exciting developments, this field guide will address the early historic economic geology and original mapping of these Proterozoic sequences in the northeastern Washington region, and from that foundation explore more recent isotopic provenance data and their regional to global context. Finally, the guide will end with a discussion of remaining questions with a goal of stimulating interest in these relatively understudied, yet important, rocks.
Supplemental Material: Maximum depositional ages and provenance analysis of the Precambrian Manyovu redbeds, Tanzania: Implications for Neoproterozoic tectonics
Authors: Bonar Alicia L. , al. et
Published: June 2024

All sample metadata as well as raw data for point counting and detrital zircon datasets.
Damage Identification of Offshore Platform Structure Based on Earch Model and Optimized KPCA Under Environmental Interference
Authors: Leng Jiancheng , Zhang Jinbo , Yue Jianghong , Feng Huiyu , Li Yang
Published: June 2024

The influence of damage on structural characteristic parameters is often obscured by the complex and changeable marine environment, which may lead to damage misjudgment. Aiming at this problem, a time domain structural damage identification method based on exponential autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (EARCH) and kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) is proposed. First, the vibration modal component of the structure is obtained by the reduced-order variational mode decomposition method. Then, the EARCH model is established and the damaged feature matrix of the structure is extracted. After that, KPCA after parameter optimization is used to eliminate the influence of environmental changes on damage identification results. Finally, the SPE damage index is constructed to complete the damage identification of the structure. The structural damage identification was carried out on 16 test conditions under different environmental disturbances, based on indoor offshore platform vibration tests. The results show that the accuracy recognized by the proposed method reaches 98%, which is 4% higher than the traditional KPCA method based on EARCH model features, demonstrating the effectiveness of this approach. Furthermore, the method was applied to real offshore platform data, and the results show that the structural damage state is accurately identified even in the presence of typhoon interference, which is 16% higher than the traditional KPCA method, proving its feasibility and robustness.
Machine Learning with Confidential Computing: A Systematization of Knowledge
Authors: Mo Fan , Tarkhani Zahra , Haddadi Hamed
Published: June 2024

Privacy and security challenges in Machine Learning (ML) have become increasingly severe, along with ML’s pervasive development and the recent demonstration of large attack surfaces. As a mature system-oriented approach, Confidential Computing has been utilized in both academia and industry to mitigate privacy and security issues in various ML scenarios. In this article, the conjunction between ML and Confidential Computing is investigated. We systematize the prior work on Confidential Computing-assisted ML techniques that provide
(i
) 
confidentiality guarantees
and
(ii
) 
integrity assurances
and discuss their advanced features and drawbacks. Key challenges are further identified, and we provide dedicated analyses of the
limitations
in existing
Trusted Execution Environment
(TEE) systems for ML use cases. Finally, prospective works are discussed, including grounded privacy definitions for closed-loop protection, partitioned executions of efficient ML, dedicated TEE-assisted designs for ML, TEE-aware ML, and ML full pipeline guarantees. By providing these potential solutions in our systematization of knowledge, we aim to build the bridge to help achieve a much stronger TEE-enabled ML for privacy guarantees without introducing computation and system costs.
Supplementary Table S3 from Causal Relationship between Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Risk of Neuroblastoma: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wu Han , Ding Miao , Zhu Jiabei , Mao Siwei , Tang Xiaochen , Fang Sijia , Liu Li , Pan Qiuhui , Yue Chaoyan
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Table S3 shows the LDtrait result of SNPs when employing NB as exposure and male SHBG as outcome.
Supplementary Table S2 from Causal Relationship between Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Risk of Neuroblastoma: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wu Han , Ding Miao , Zhu Jiabei , Mao Siwei , Tang Xiaochen , Fang Sijia , Liu Li , Pan Qiuhui , Yue Chaoyan
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Table S2 shows the LDtrait result of SNPs when employing female SHBG as exposure and NB as outcome.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Causal Relationship between Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Risk of Neuroblastoma: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wu Han , Ding Miao , Zhu Jiabei , Mao Siwei , Tang Xiaochen , Fang Sijia , Liu Li , Pan Qiuhui , Yue Chaoyan
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Figure S2 shows the Manhattan plot of the SNPs associated with female SHBG levels.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Causal Relationship between Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Risk of Neuroblastoma: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wu Han , Ding Miao , Zhu Jiabei , Mao Siwei , Tang Xiaochen , Fang Sijia , Liu Li , Pan Qiuhui , Yue Chaoyan
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Figure S1 shows the Manhattan plot of the SNPs associated with male SHBG levels.
Supplemental Table S2 from Characterizing Cancer Burden in the American Indian Population in North Carolina
Authors: Spees Lisa P. , Jackson Bradford E. , Raveendran Yadurshini , Morris Hayley N. , Emerson Marc A. , Baggett Christopher D. , Bell Ronny A. , Salas Ana I. , Meernik Clare , Akinyemiju Tomi F. , Wheeler Stephanie B.
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Table S2: Comparison of clinical and sociodemographic characteristics across American Indian classifications for persons diagnosed with cancer between 2014-2018
Supplemental Table S1 from Characterizing Cancer Burden in the American Indian Population in North Carolina
Authors: Spees Lisa P. , Jackson Bradford E. , Raveendran Yadurshini , Morris Hayley N. , Emerson Marc A. , Baggett Christopher D. , Bell Ronny A. , Salas Ana I. , Meernik Clare , Akinyemiju Tomi F. , Wheeler Stephanie B.
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Table S1: Clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of Non-Hispanic American Indian in PRCDA counties and Non-Hispanic White cancer cases diagnosed between 2014-2018 (n=206,774)
Supplemental Figure S1 from Characterizing Cancer Burden in the American Indian Population in North Carolina
Authors: Spees Lisa P. , Jackson Bradford E. , Raveendran Yadurshini , Morris Hayley N. , Emerson Marc A. , Baggett Christopher D. , Bell Ronny A. , Salas Ana I. , Meernik Clare , Akinyemiju Tomi F. , Wheeler Stephanie B.
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Figure S1: Standardized incidence estimates per 100k across classifications of American Indian persons
Table S3 from White Blood Cell Count, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Incident Cancer in the UK Biobank
Authors: Song Minkyo , Graubard Barry I. , Loftfield Erikka , Rabkin Charles S. , Engels Eric A.
Published: June 2024

Associations of total white blood cell (WBC) count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with cancer incidence.
Table S2 from White Blood Cell Count, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Incident Cancer in the UK Biobank
Authors: Song Minkyo , Graubard Barry I. , Loftfield Erikka , Rabkin Charles S. , Engels Eric A.
Published: June 2024

Working definitions for hypertension, diabetes and kidney disease in UK Biobank
Supplementary Table S1 from Fine Particulate Matter, Noise Pollution, and Greenspace and Prostate Cancer Risk in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial Cohort
Authors: Thomas Aleah L. , Rhee Jongeun , Fisher Jared A. , Horner Marie-Josephe , Jones Rena R.
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Table S1 shows key components of the residential history estimation for PLCO participants
Supplementary Table S5 from Projecting the Impact of Multi-Cancer Early Detection on Late-Stage Incidence Using Multi-State Disease Modeling
Authors: Lange Jane M. , Gogebakan Kemal Caglar , Gulati Roman , Etzioni Ruth
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Table S5: Overall and cancer-specific relative reductions in late-stage incidence for MCED trials with varying numbers of annual screens and with specified overall mean sojourn time (OMST) and late-stage mean sojourn time (LMST) assumptions, assuming early- and late-stage test sensitivities for each cancer are 50% of those reported in clinically diagnosed patients.
Supplementary Table S4 from Projecting the Impact of Multi-Cancer Early Detection on Late-Stage Incidence Using Multi-State Disease Modeling
Authors: Lange Jane M. , Gogebakan Kemal Caglar , Gulati Roman , Etzioni Ruth
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Table S4: Overall and cancer-specific relative reductions in late-stage incidence for MCED trials with varying numbers of annual screens and with specified overall mean sojourn time (OMST) and late-stage mean sojourn time (LMST) assumptions, assuming early- and late-stage test sensitivities for each cancer are 100% of those reported in clinically diagnosed patients.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Projecting the Impact of Multi-Cancer Early Detection on Late-Stage Incidence Using Multi-State Disease Modeling
Authors: Lange Jane M. , Gogebakan Kemal Caglar , Gulati Roman , Etzioni Ruth
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Figure S3: Early- and late-stage solid cancer incidence rates by age observed in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program in 2006-2015 (female only) and corresponding projections from models fit under the pairs of assumed mean overall sojourn times (OMST) and mean late-stage sojourn times (LMST) as (4,0.5), (4,1), (2,0.5), (2,1) years. Cancers include those in Supplemental Table S2 that are female-specific.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Projecting the Impact of Multi-Cancer Early Detection on Late-Stage Incidence Using Multi-State Disease Modeling
Authors: Lange Jane M. , Gogebakan Kemal Caglar , Gulati Roman , Etzioni Ruth
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Figure S2: Early- and late-stage solid cancer incidence rates by age observed in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program in 2006-2015 (both sexes) and corresponding projections from models fit under the pairs of assumed mean overall sojourn times (OMST) and mean late-stage sojourn times (LMST) as (4,0.5), (4,1), (2,0.5), (2,1) years.
Cancers include those in Supplementary Table S2 that are common to men and women.
Supplemental Table 9 from Lifetime Exposure to Cigarette Smoke, B-Cell Tumor Immune Infiltration, and Immunoglobulin Abundance in Ovarian Tumors
Authors: Hathaway Cassandra A. , Townsend Mary K. , Wang Tianyi , Vinci Christine , Jake-Schoffman Danielle E. , Hecht Jonathan L. , Saeed-Vafa Daryoush , Moran Segura Carlos , Nguyen Jonathan V. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Fridley Brooke L. , Tworoger Shelley S.
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Table 9: Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals between smoking and ovarian cancer risk by tumor immune infiltration of B cells among Type II tumors, NHS and NHSII
Supplementary Table S2 from Hypertension and Risk of Endometrial Cancer: A Pooled Analysis in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium (E2C2)
Authors: Habeshian Talar S. , Peeri Noah C. , De Vivo Immaculata , Schouten Leo J. , Shu Xiao-ou , Cote Michele L. , Bertrand Kimberly A. , Chen Yu , Clarke Megan A. , Clendenen Tess V. , Cook Linda S. , Costas Laura , Dal Maso Luigino , Freudenheim Jo L. , Friedenreich Christine M. , Gallagher Grace , Gierach Gretchen L. , Goodman Marc T. , Jordan Susan J. , La Vecchia Carlo , Lacey James V. , Levi Fabio , Liao Linda M. , Lipworth Loren , Lu Lingeng , Matias-Guiu Xavier , Moysich Kirsten B. , Mutter George L. , Na Renhua , Naduparambil Jeffin , Negri Eva , O'Connell Kelli , O'Mara Tracy A. , Onieva Hernández Irene , Palmer Julie R. , Parazzini Fabio , Patel Alpa V. , Penney Kathryn L. , Prizment Anna E. , Ricceri Fulvio , Risch Harvey A. , Sacerdote Carlotta , Sandin Sven , Stolzenberg-Solomon Rachael Z. , van den Brandt Piet A. , Webb Penelope M. , Wentzensen Nicolas , Wijayabahu Akemi T. , Wilkens Lynne R. , Xu Wanghong , Yu Herbert , Zeleniuch-Jacquotte Anne , Zheng Wei , Du Mengmeng , Setiawan Veronica Wendy
Published: June 2024

Association of Hypertension Status with Endometrial Cancer by Histologic Subtype
Supplemental Table 6 from Lifetime Exposure to Cigarette Smoke, B-Cell Tumor Immune Infiltration, and Immunoglobulin Abundance in Ovarian Tumors
Authors: Hathaway Cassandra A. , Townsend Mary K. , Wang Tianyi , Vinci Christine , Jake-Schoffman Danielle E. , Hecht Jonathan L. , Saeed-Vafa Daryoush , Moran Segura Carlos , Nguyen Jonathan V. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Fridley Brooke L. , Tworoger Shelley S.
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Table 6: Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for positivity of tumor immune infiltration of various types of B cells and immunoglobulins by adult smoking status among cases only within two years before diagnosis, NHS and NHSII
Supplemental Table 5 from Lifetime Exposure to Cigarette Smoke, B-Cell Tumor Immune Infiltration, and Immunoglobulin Abundance in Ovarian Tumors
Authors: Hathaway Cassandra A. , Townsend Mary K. , Wang Tianyi , Vinci Christine , Jake-Schoffman Danielle E. , Hecht Jonathan L. , Saeed-Vafa Daryoush , Moran Segura Carlos , Nguyen Jonathan V. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Fridley Brooke L. , Tworoger Shelley S.
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Table 5: Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for positivity of tumor immune infiltration of various types of B cells and immunoglobulins by smoking status among cases in NHS only
Supplemental Table 10 from Lifetime Exposure to Cigarette Smoke, B-Cell Tumor Immune Infiltration, and Immunoglobulin Abundance in Ovarian Tumors
Authors: Hathaway Cassandra A. , Townsend Mary K. , Wang Tianyi , Vinci Christine , Jake-Schoffman Danielle E. , Hecht Jonathan L. , Saeed-Vafa Daryoush , Moran Segura Carlos , Nguyen Jonathan V. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Fridley Brooke L. , Tworoger Shelley S.
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Table 10: Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals between smoking and ovarian cancer risk by tumor immune infiltration of immunoglobulins among Type II tumors, NHS and NHSII
Supplementary Table S8 from Assessing the Value of Incorporating a Polygenic Risk Score with Nongenetic Factors for Predicting Breast Cancer Diagnosis in the UK Biobank
Authors: Collister Jennifer A. , Liu Xiaonan , Littlejohns Thomas J. , Cuzick Jack , Clifton Lei , Hunter David J.
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Table S8: Model performance using Tyrer-Cuzick v8 approach to Genomics plc PRS inclusion, in test data (N=25,369).
Supplementary Table S2 from Assessing the Value of Incorporating a Polygenic Risk Score with Nongenetic Factors for Predicting Breast Cancer Diagnosis in the UK Biobank
Authors: Collister Jennifer A. , Liu Xiaonan , Littlejohns Thomas J. , Cuzick Jack , Clifton Lei , Hunter David J.
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Table S2: Derivation of variables for the Gail model using UK Biobank data.
Figure 3 from Assessing the Value of Incorporating a Polygenic Risk Score with Nongenetic Factors for Predicting Breast Cancer Diagnosis in the UK Biobank
Authors: Collister Jennifer A. , Liu Xiaonan , Littlejohns Thomas J. , Cuzick Jack , Clifton Lei , Hunter David J.
Published: June 2024

Decision curve analysis for Tyrer–Cuzick and Gail 10-year risk scores with and without PRSBC in test data (N = 25,359). Plots show net benefit calculated in full available follow-up time. The gray line indicates net benefit if all women were screened, and the black line indicates net benefit if no women were screened.
Data from White Blood Cell Count, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Incident Cancer in the UK Biobank
Authors: Song Minkyo , Graubard Barry I. , Loftfield Erikka , Rabkin Charles S. , Engels Eric A.
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground:
The peripheral white blood cell (WBC) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) reflect levels of inflammation and adaptive immunity. They are associated with cancer prognosis, but their associations with cancer incidence are not established.
Methods:
We evaluated 443,540 cancer-free adults in the UK Biobank with data on total WBC and its subsets, follow-up starting one year after baseline. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) per quartile of WBC or NLR for incidence of 73 cancer types.
Results:
22,747 incident cancers were diagnosed during a median of 6.9 years of follow-up. WBC was associated with risk of cancer overall [HR, 1.05; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03–1.06], chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic leukemia (CLL/SLL, 2.79; 95% CI, 2.45–3.18), lung cancer (1.14, 95% CI, 1.08–1.20), and breast cancer (95% CI, 1.05–1.02–1.08). NLR was positively associated with cancer overall (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02–1.04, per quartile) and kidney cancer (1.16; 95% CI, 1.07–1.25), and inversely with CLL/SLL (0.38; 95% CI, 0.33–0.42).
Conclusions:
High WBC or NLR may reflect excessive inflammatory status, promoting development of some cancers. Conversely, low NLR indicates a relative rise in lymphocytes, which could reflect an increase in circulating premalignant cells before CLL/SLL diagnosis. Peripheral WBC and NLR, in combination with other clinical information or biomarkers, may be useful tools for cancer risk stratification.
Impact:
Elevated levels of WBCs or an increased NLR may indicate an overly active inflammatory response, potentially contributing to the eventual onset of certain types of cancer.
Data from Cervical Cancer Screening and Treatment Algorithms Using Human Papillomavirus Testing—Lessons Learnt from a South African Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sebitloane Hannah M. , Forestier Mathilde , Ginindza Themba G. , Dhlomo Wendy , Moodley-Govender Eshia , Darragh Teresa M. , Baena Armando , Herrero Rolando , Almonte Maribel , Broutet Nathalie , De Vuyst Hugo
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground:
To report quantitative and qualitative results on cervical cancer human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screening and treatment algorithms, with/out triage with visual inspection after acetic acid (VIA), followed by ablative treatment (AT).
Methods:
Women 30 to 54 years old from Durban, South Africa were recruited, regardless of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status, randomized into one of two study arms and screened for HPV. VIA triage arm: HPV-positive women were triaged using VIA, biopsied and received AT if VIA positive and eligible; no triage arm: eligible HPV-positive women received AT. Women ineligible for AT were referred to colposcopy. Women were asked about side effects immediately and 1 week after AT. Retention to screening and treatment algorithms was compared between arms.
Results:
A total of 350 women [275 HIV-uninfected and 75 women living with HIV, (WLWH)] were allocated to receive HPV testing with VIA triage (n = 175) or no triage (n = 175). HPV prevalence was 28% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 23–33]; WLWH: 52% (95% CI = 40–64) versus HIV-uninfected: 21% (95% CI = 17–27; P < 0.05). Among women who underwent VIA triage with histologic diagnosis, 3/17 were VIA negative with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)2+; 14/18 were VIA positive with Conclusions:

This pilot demonstrated the feasibility of implementing screening and treatment algorithms, including performing triage and treatment in one visit; however, VIA triage did not reduce overtreatment and missed some precancerous lesions.
Impact:
This study reports on implementation feasibility of two World Health Organization screening and treatment algorithms (with/out VIA triage). Although the retention to screening and treatment algorithms was high in both arms, the question of how best triaging HPV-positive women deserves further consideration, particularly for WLWH.

See related In the Spotlight, p. 763
Data from Lifetime Exposure to Cigarette Smoke, B-Cell Tumor Immune Infiltration, and Immunoglobulin Abundance in Ovarian Tumors
Authors: Hathaway Cassandra A. , Townsend Mary K. , Wang Tianyi , Vinci Christine , Jake-Schoffman Danielle E. , Hecht Jonathan L. , Saeed-Vafa Daryoush , Moran Segura Carlos , Nguyen Jonathan V. , Conejo-Garcia Jose R. , Fridley Brooke L. , Tworoger Shelley S.
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground:
Cigarette smoke exposure has been linked to systemic immune dysfunction, including for B-cell and immunoglobulin (Ig) production, and poor outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer. No study has evaluated the impact of smoke exposure across the life-course on B-cell infiltration and Ig abundance in ovarian tumors.
Methods:
We measured markers of B and plasma cells and Ig isotypes using multiplex immunofluorescence on 395 ovarian cancer tumors in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS)/NHSII. We conducted beta-binomial analyses evaluating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for positivity of immune markers by cigarette exposure among cases and Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI for developing tumors with low (Results:

There were no associations between smoke exposure and B-cell or IgM infiltration in ovarian tumors. Among cases, we observed higher odds of IgA+ among ever smokers (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.14–2.07) and ever smokers with no parental smoke exposure (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.18–3.49) versus never smokers. Women with parental cigarette smoke exposure versus not had higher risk of developing ovarian cancer with low IgG+ (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.10–2.09), whereas ever versus never smokers had a lower risk (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.56–0.99).
Conclusions:
Ever smoking was associated with increased odds of IgA in ovarian tumors.
Impact:
IgA has been associated with improved ovarian cancer outcomes, suggesting that although smoking is associated with poor outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer, it may lead to improved tumor immunogenicity.
Prospective of Mitochondrial DNA Variations in Cancer on Genomic Medicine
Authors: Du Mulong
Published: June 2024

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has emerged as a pivotal component in understanding the etiology and susceptibility of cancer. A recent study by Chen and colleagues delineated the germline genetic effect of mtDNA single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and haplogroups across pan-cancer risk. They identified a subset of mtSNPs and the corresponding risk score, as well as haplogroups A and M7 alongside their genetic interactions, conferring a protective effect against various cancers. These findings underscored the value of mtDNA variations as biomarkers for cancer etiology and as tools for cancer risk stratification. Future investigations are encouraged to integrate comprehensive omics data of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, etc., from nuclear DNA with mtDNA variations, alongside single-cell and spatial technologies, to unravel the tumor mechanism and identify the drug targets. Moreover, the incorporation of polygenic risk score, that included mtDNA variations with both rare and common frequencies, and liquid biopsy-based biomarkers would enhance the predictive performance of cancer risk assessment and refine the risk stratification of population-based cancer screening. This commentary advocates for the validation across diverse populations to harness the full potential of mitochondrial genomics, and ultimately paves the prospective way for advancements in personalized cancer therapeutics and prevention strategies.

See related article by Chen and colleagues, Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33:381–8
Supplemental Table S2 from Statins Do Not Significantly Affect Oxidative Nitrosative Stress Biomarkers in the PREVENT Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Makhlin Igor , Demissei Biniyam G. , D'Agostino Ralph , Hundley W. Greg , Baleanu-Gogonea Camelia , Wilcox Nicholas S. , Chen Anna , Smith Amanda M. , O'Connell Nathaniel Sean , Januzzi James L. , Lesser Glenn J. , Scherrer-Crosbie Marielle , Ibáñez Borja , Tang W.H. Wilson , Ky Bonnie
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Table S2: Factor Loadings for Biomarker Clusters in Principal Component Analysis
Supplementary Table S4 from A First-in-Human Phase 1 Study of a Tumor-Directed RNA-Interference Drug against HIF2α in Patients with Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Brugarolas James , Obara Gregory , Beckermann Kathryn E. , Rini Brian , Lam Elaine T. , Hamilton James , Schluep Thomas , Yi Min , Wong So , Mao Zhongping Lily , Gamelin Erick , Tannir Nizar M.
Published: June 2024

Table S4: Summary of ARO-HIF2 Urine Pharmacokinetic Parameters
Supplementary Figure S7 from A First-in-Human Phase 1 Study of a Tumor-Directed RNA-Interference Drug against HIF2α in Patients with Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Brugarolas James , Obara Gregory , Beckermann Kathryn E. , Rini Brian , Lam Elaine T. , Hamilton James , Schluep Thomas , Yi Min , Wong So , Mao Zhongping Lily , Gamelin Erick , Tannir Nizar M.
Published: June 2024

Figure S7. Summary of Percent Change in Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (pg/mL) by Visit
Supplementary Figure S1 from Cell-free DNA Concentration as a Biomarker of Response and Recurrence in HER2-Negative Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Magbanua Mark Jesus M. , Ahmed Ziad , Sayaman Rosalyn W. , Brown Swigart Lamorna , Hirst Gillian L. , Yau Christina , Wolf Denise M. , Li Wen , Delson Amy L. , Perlmutter Jane , Pohlmann Paula , Symmans W. Fraser , Yee Douglas , Hylton Nola M. , Esserman Laura J. , DeMichele Angela M. , Rugo Hope S. , van 't Veer Laura J.
Published: June 2024

Patients and samples. A. CfDNA concentration was measured in the plasma of patients with hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative (HR+HER2-) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Blood was collected at pretreatment (T0), 3 weeks after treatment initiation (T1), 12 weeks after treatment initiation between paclitaxel-based treatment and anthracycline regimens (T2), and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery (T3); B. Pie chart showing the number and proportion of patients assigned to each treatment arm. HR+HER2- and TNBC patients were balanced across different arms (Fisher’s exact p=0.41)
Supplementary Figure S4 from A First-in-Human Phase 1 Study of a Tumor-Directed RNA-Interference Drug against HIF2α in Patients with Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Brugarolas James , Obara Gregory , Beckermann Kathryn E. , Rini Brian , Lam Elaine T. , Hamilton James , Schluep Thomas , Yi Min , Wong So , Mao Zhongping Lily , Gamelin Erick , Tannir Nizar M.
Published: June 2024

Figure S4: Tumor Tissue Distribution of ARO-HIF2 Trigger
Supplementary Table S1 from Upfront Neck Dissection for Treatment Selection and Improvement in Quality of Life as a Novel Treatment Paradigm for Deintensification in HPV+ OPSCC
Authors: Swiecicki Paul L. , Bellile Emily , Dragovic Aleksandar F. , McHugh Jonathan , Udager Aaron , Mierzwa Michelle Lynn , Shah Jennifer , Heft-Neal Molly , Rosko Andrew , Malloy Kelly M. , Casper Keith , Chinn Steven Bennett , Shuman Andrew G. , Stucken Chaz , Chepeha Douglas B. , Wolf Gregory T. , Bradford Carol Rossier , Eisbruch Avraham , Prince Mark E. , Worden Francis P. , Spector Matthew E.
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Table 1: Representativeness of Study Participants
Supplementary Figure S1 from A First-in-Human Phase 1 Study of a Tumor-Directed RNA-Interference Drug against HIF2α in Patients with Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Brugarolas James , Obara Gregory , Beckermann Kathryn E. , Rini Brian , Lam Elaine T. , Hamilton James , Schluep Thomas , Yi Min , Wong So , Mao Zhongping Lily , Gamelin Erick , Tannir Nizar M.
Published: June 2024

Figure S1. AROHIF21001 Study Design
Supplementary Video S7 from A Prospective Double-Blinded Comparison of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy with Conventional Histopathology for In Vivo Assessment in Oral Cancer
Authors: Zanoni Daniella K. , Demétrio De Souza França Paula , Valero Cristina , Peterson Gary , Ardigo Marco , Ghossein Ronald , Dusza Stephen W. , Matsuura Danielli , Scholfield Daniel W. , Adilbay Dauren , Montero Pablo H. , Migliacci Jocelyn , Pillarsetty Naga Vara Kishore , Kose Kivanc , Ganly Ian , Rajadhyaksha Milind , Patel Snehal G.
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Video S7 demonstrates examples of tumor nests, which are clusters of tumor cells surrounded by tumor stroma.
Supplemental Video 1 from GD2-Targeting CAR T-cell Therapy for Patients with GD2+ Medulloblastoma
Authors: Ciccone Roselia , Quintarelli Concetta , Camera Antonio , Pezzella Michele , Caruso Simona , Manni Simona , Ottaviani Alessio , Guercio Marika , Del Bufalo Francesca , Quadraccia Maria Cecilia , Orlando Domenico , Di Cecca Stefano , Sinibaldi Matilde , Aurigemma Mariasole , Iaffaldano Laura , Sarcinelli Andrea , D'Amore Maria Luisa , Ceccarelli Manuela , Nazio Francesca , Marabitti Veronica , Giorda Ezio , Pezzullo Marco , De Stefanis Cristiano , Carai Andrea , Rossi Sabrina , Alaggio Rita , Del Baldo Giada , Becilli Marco , Mastronuzzi Angela , De Angelis Biagio , Locatelli Franco
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Video 1. IncuCyte® live-cell System video of cytotoxic activity of NT or CAR.GD2 T-cells vs D283 Med-GFP-FF-Luc cell line. The video shows 84 hours of tumor growth (D283 Med cell line) with only tumor cells (A) and those of tumor cells co-cultured with NT T-cells (B) or CAR.GD2 T-cells (C).
Supplementary Video S6 from A Prospective Double-Blinded Comparison of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy with Conventional Histopathology for In Vivo Assessment in Oral Cancer
Authors: Zanoni Daniella K. , Demétrio De Souza França Paula , Valero Cristina , Peterson Gary , Ardigo Marco , Ghossein Ronald , Dusza Stephen W. , Matsuura Danielli , Scholfield Daniel W. , Adilbay Dauren , Montero Pablo H. , Migliacci Jocelyn , Pillarsetty Naga Vara Kishore , Kose Kivanc , Ganly Ian , Rajadhyaksha Milind , Patel Snehal G.
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Video S6 shows an example of an enlarged blood vessel on a coronal view. Blood cells can be observed flowing inside the vessel.
Supplemental Figure 6 from GD2-Targeting CAR T-cell Therapy for Patients with GD2+ Medulloblastoma
Authors: Ciccone Roselia , Quintarelli Concetta , Camera Antonio , Pezzella Michele , Caruso Simona , Manni Simona , Ottaviani Alessio , Guercio Marika , Del Bufalo Francesca , Quadraccia Maria Cecilia , Orlando Domenico , Di Cecca Stefano , Sinibaldi Matilde , Aurigemma Mariasole , Iaffaldano Laura , Sarcinelli Andrea , D'Amore Maria Luisa , Ceccarelli Manuela , Nazio Francesca , Marabitti Veronica , Giorda Ezio , Pezzullo Marco , De Stefanis Cristiano , Carai Andrea , Rossi Sabrina , Alaggio Rita , Del Baldo Giada , Becilli Marco , Mastronuzzi Angela , De Angelis Biagio , Locatelli Franco
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Figure 6. CAR.GD2 T-cells spare the elimination of MB cells with a dim expression of GD2.
Supplementary Video S5 from A Prospective Double-Blinded Comparison of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy with Conventional Histopathology for In Vivo Assessment in Oral Cancer
Authors: Zanoni Daniella K. , Demétrio De Souza França Paula , Valero Cristina , Peterson Gary , Ardigo Marco , Ghossein Ronald , Dusza Stephen W. , Matsuura Danielli , Scholfield Daniel W. , Adilbay Dauren , Montero Pablo H. , Migliacci Jocelyn , Pillarsetty Naga Vara Kishore , Kose Kivanc , Ganly Ian , Rajadhyaksha Milind , Patel Snehal G.
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Video S5 shows an example of an enlarged blood vessel on an axial view. Blood cells can be observed flowing inside the vessel.
Supplemental Figure 3 from GD2-Targeting CAR T-cell Therapy for Patients with GD2+ Medulloblastoma
Authors: Ciccone Roselia , Quintarelli Concetta , Camera Antonio , Pezzella Michele , Caruso Simona , Manni Simona , Ottaviani Alessio , Guercio Marika , Del Bufalo Francesca , Quadraccia Maria Cecilia , Orlando Domenico , Di Cecca Stefano , Sinibaldi Matilde , Aurigemma Mariasole , Iaffaldano Laura , Sarcinelli Andrea , D'Amore Maria Luisa , Ceccarelli Manuela , Nazio Francesca , Marabitti Veronica , Giorda Ezio , Pezzullo Marco , De Stefanis Cristiano , Carai Andrea , Rossi Sabrina , Alaggio Rita , Del Baldo Giada , Becilli Marco , Mastronuzzi Angela , De Angelis Biagio , Locatelli Franco
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Figure 3. CAR-GD2.CD28.4-1BBζ T-cells exhibit high and stable transduction level.
Supplementary Video S2 from A Prospective Double-Blinded Comparison of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy with Conventional Histopathology for In Vivo Assessment in Oral Cancer
Authors: Zanoni Daniella K. , Demétrio De Souza França Paula , Valero Cristina , Peterson Gary , Ardigo Marco , Ghossein Ronald , Dusza Stephen W. , Matsuura Danielli , Scholfield Daniel W. , Adilbay Dauren , Montero Pablo H. , Migliacci Jocelyn , Pillarsetty Naga Vara Kishore , Kose Kivanc , Ganly Ian , Rajadhyaksha Milind , Patel Snehal G.
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Video S2 shows enlarged multinucleated cells. Their presence usually indicates cell-cell fusion or incomplete cytokinesis.
Supplemental Figure 17 from GD2-Targeting CAR T-cell Therapy for Patients with GD2+ Medulloblastoma
Authors: Ciccone Roselia , Quintarelli Concetta , Camera Antonio , Pezzella Michele , Caruso Simona , Manni Simona , Ottaviani Alessio , Guercio Marika , Del Bufalo Francesca , Quadraccia Maria Cecilia , Orlando Domenico , Di Cecca Stefano , Sinibaldi Matilde , Aurigemma Mariasole , Iaffaldano Laura , Sarcinelli Andrea , D'Amore Maria Luisa , Ceccarelli Manuela , Nazio Francesca , Marabitti Veronica , Giorda Ezio , Pezzullo Marco , De Stefanis Cristiano , Carai Andrea , Rossi Sabrina , Alaggio Rita , Del Baldo Giada , Becilli Marco , Mastronuzzi Angela , De Angelis Biagio , Locatelli Franco
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Figure 17. Evaluation of the NT T-cell infiltration in MB xenograft mouse model.
Supplemental Figure 15 from GD2-Targeting CAR T-cell Therapy for Patients with GD2+ Medulloblastoma
Authors: Ciccone Roselia , Quintarelli Concetta , Camera Antonio , Pezzella Michele , Caruso Simona , Manni Simona , Ottaviani Alessio , Guercio Marika , Del Bufalo Francesca , Quadraccia Maria Cecilia , Orlando Domenico , Di Cecca Stefano , Sinibaldi Matilde , Aurigemma Mariasole , Iaffaldano Laura , Sarcinelli Andrea , D'Amore Maria Luisa , Ceccarelli Manuela , Nazio Francesca , Marabitti Veronica , Giorda Ezio , Pezzullo Marco , De Stefanis Cristiano , Carai Andrea , Rossi Sabrina , Alaggio Rita , Del Baldo Giada , Becilli Marco , Mastronuzzi Angela , De Angelis Biagio , Locatelli Franco
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Figure 15. Orthotopic PDX mouse model of human MED-411 FH mCherry/Luc cell line to evaluate anti-tumor activity of CAR.GD2 T-cells and the in vivo modulation of GD2 expression.
Supplemental Figure 13 from GD2-Targeting CAR T-cell Therapy for Patients with GD2+ Medulloblastoma
Authors: Ciccone Roselia , Quintarelli Concetta , Camera Antonio , Pezzella Michele , Caruso Simona , Manni Simona , Ottaviani Alessio , Guercio Marika , Del Bufalo Francesca , Quadraccia Maria Cecilia , Orlando Domenico , Di Cecca Stefano , Sinibaldi Matilde , Aurigemma Mariasole , Iaffaldano Laura , Sarcinelli Andrea , D'Amore Maria Luisa , Ceccarelli Manuela , Nazio Francesca , Marabitti Veronica , Giorda Ezio , Pezzullo Marco , De Stefanis Cristiano , Carai Andrea , Rossi Sabrina , Alaggio Rita , Del Baldo Giada , Becilli Marco , Mastronuzzi Angela , De Angelis Biagio , Locatelli Franco
Published: June 2024

Supplemental Figure 13. Evaluation of GD2 expression on DAOY cells pre and post treatment with Tazemetostat.
Supplementary Figure S6 from A Prospective Double-Blinded Comparison of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy with Conventional Histopathology for In Vivo Assessment in Oral Cancer
Authors: Zanoni Daniella K. , Demétrio De Souza França Paula , Valero Cristina , Peterson Gary , Ardigo Marco , Ghossein Ronald , Dusza Stephen W. , Matsuura Danielli , Scholfield Daniel W. , Adilbay Dauren , Montero Pablo H. , Migliacci Jocelyn , Pillarsetty Naga Vara Kishore , Kose Kivanc , Ganly Ian , Rajadhyaksha Milind , Patel Snehal G.
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Figure S6 shows in vivo RCM images of a tumor area in a 61-year-old male, with a recurrent 1 cm moderately differentiated invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma of the left ventral tongue.