bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coastal Reclamation in Ambon City for the Society in the Perspective of Environmental Law
Authors: Sedubun Victor Juzuf
Published: March 2023

AbstractCoastal reclamation in several villages in the deep bay of Ambon City has an impact on the environment and causes rejection from the society. Reclamation is a challenge for the Ambon City Government in making efforts to manage coastal areas, in a sustainable manner. In principle, reclamation is a method to restore environmental functions that have been damaged. The issues in this reseach are: what is the impact of reclamation on the people of Ambon City in terms of environmental law? The aim of this research to analyze the impact of reclamation on the people of Ambon City in terms of environmental law. This research uses a normative research with statute approach and conceptual approach. The inventory was conducted towards primary and secondary legal materials and they were then classified. The result of the analysis indicates the arguments to suggest some prescriptions to solve the analyzed problem. Reclamation on the coast of Teluk Ambon and Teluk Dalam Ambon has an impact on the destruction that occurs in mangrove forests, sedimentation, rob floods in certain areas. Supervision by the Ambon City Government has not been optimal to prevent further damage. Management and sustainable use of the environment by humans is very important to ensure the availability of a good environment for future generations.
DOMINANT PRINCIPLE IN LANGUAGE CONSCIOUSNESS OF A DEVIANT LANGUAGE PERSONALITY
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Dubovitskaya E.Yu.
Published: March 2023

The author argues that the cognitive-dominant principle of verbal consciousness is a person’s orientation towards their own knowledge, their structure and content, individually significant elements and values that, to one degree or another, reflect collective knowledge about the world. In the process of life, a person accumulates their own individual experience, which depends on many factors: upbringing, family, education, professional activity, relationships with other people, etc. As a result, a person forms certain dominant concepts, through the prism of which they perceive the world and interact with it. There are 3 types of language personality: conflict, centered and cooperative. Language personality of Billy Milligan (the character of “The Minds of Billy Milligan” by D. Keyes) is heterogeneous, since the consciousness of the character is divided into twenty-four parts and each of the individuals has a unique thinking, perception of the world and communicative behavior. Billy Milligan’s verbal personality, depending on the communicative situation, belongs to both the conflict type and the cooperative type. The concept THREAT is dominant for Billy’s conceptual system. According to the classification of language personalities proposed in the framework of linguopsychology, there are four types of them: metasymbolic, empathic, factual and representative. Language personality of Christopher Boone (the character of “The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time” by M. Haddon) belongs to the factual type, which is characterized by the accuracy of descriptions, clarity of logical connections between statements, reliance on facts. Due to psychological disorder, contact with the outside world for Christopher is fraught with many dangers, which allows us to speak of the implementation of the concept DANGER as dominant for the conceptual system of the character.
COUNTERFACTUAL SOVIET PHOTOGRAPHY THROUGH THE LENS OF AMERICAN AND BRITISH ART CRITICS: EVALUATIVE DIMENSIONS OF ART DISCOURSE
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Aksenova N.V. , Denisova N.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Magnes N.O. ,   Saint Petersburg State University
Published: March 2023

The paper studies the axiological interpretation of Soviet photographs in British and American art reviews by examining the basic concepts STATE, ARTIST, and WORK OF ART. The analysis draws on the methods of cognitive discourse analysis, narratology, pragmatics, and semantics. Accepting R. Barthes’ view of the photograph as “a message without a code”, we hold that the main goal of art discourse is to construct an intermediary code to facilitate communication between the Operator and the Spectator, especially in the presence of a time/culture gap between the two. Through aesthetic distancing, art reviewers shift the axiological focus from the ethical implications of Soviet photographs towards their aesthetic value, encouraging a transcultural and transtemporal dialogue between the reader/viewer and the photographer. The analysis has enabled us to expand the framework of photographic roles (Operator, Spectrum and Spectator) suggested by Barthes and later complemented with the role of the Demonstrator, which is central to this study. The role of the Emptor, added here to the Barthian set of core roles, emerges as the ultimate role of the Soviet state vis-à-vis photography.
PRECEDENCE IN PARADIGMATICS AND SYNTAGMATICS (on the example of comparisons in modern German)
Authors:   Dobrolyubov Nizhny Novgorod State Linguistics University, Golubeva N.A.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this article is to reveal the heuristic potential of precedent, cognitive-functional analysis of stable comparisons, paroemias, quotations that form a phraseological cluster of the lexical system of the German language. The significance of the article is determined by the usage of theoretical instruments of studying the cognitive category of precedence - a complicated and multifaceted object of the general theory of knowledge - and further research of secondary semiosis - a relevant problem of modern linguistics. The novelty of the article consists in discovering the dual aspects of objects of the category of precedence and its actual language representatives - similes within two vectors - in paradigmatics and syntagmatics. Similes confirm their status as the marker of precedent thinking, a derivative language sign and dynamic development of the language. They are studied as an independent object of the category of precedent linguistic units and expand the paradigm of precedent occurrences in multi-structural syntactic realisations. The research methodology is based on the provisions of cognitive linguistics, axiology, the theory of linguistic precedent and the theory of interpretation using general scientific and special cognitive methods. A number of methodologically relevant terms for precedent linguistics and precedent thinking are being developed: precedent situation, precedent statement, precedent sentence, precedent object, etc. A number of methodologically relevant terms for precedent linguistics and precedent thinking are being developed: precedent situation, precedent statement, precedent sentence, precedent object, etc. The author shows comparisons as a means of expressing a model of language imagery, which is represented through a set of metacomponents: the level of values, cognitive-thematic area (cogniteme), presupposition, language unit. Eight structural-semantic phraseologized models (with variants) reflecting the paradigmatics of figurative comparisons in syntagmatics, which are of scientific interest for cognitive syntax and axiology, are analyzed.
THE THEORY OF COGNITIVE MODELING LITERARY TEXT SPACE
Authors:   Belgorod State National Research University, Ogneva E.A.
Published: March 2023

The article presents the theory of cognitive modeling of literary text space aimed at a comprehensive cognitive interpretation of proxeme text code. A typology of text cognitive constructs is proposed. This typology includes six types such as: literary concept, cognitive-plot matrix of literary text, text cognitive links, cognitive coordinates of literary text, cognitive text space models, cognitive text temporal models. The research presents the author’s algorithm for modeling and interpreting text proxeme constructs applied to studying the cognitive model of nominative field of concept SPACE and offers the typology of literary space nominees consisting of proxemes’ types such as: (1) words with prepositions as space markers, (2) verbs of movement or location in space, (3) place names, (4) landscape units as landscape nominations. It is revealed that proxemes have the form of a word or phrases that can be single-component or multi-component nominees. According to the method of functioning proxemes are divided into personalised proxemes and non-personalised proxemes. The existence of anthropocentrically marked and anthropocentrically unmarked models of literary space is justified.
Interpretive potential of zoonyms in English phraseological units
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Babina L.V. , Dolgova E.V. ,   Derzhavin Tambov State University
Published: March 2023

The proposed paper, using conceptual analysis and cognitive modeling analysis, examines the semantics of English phraseological units. It is shown how a secondary conceptualization of zoonyms included in phraseological units determines the transmission of knowledge about people by analyzed phraseological units. The authors provide the interpretive potential of zoonyms in conceptualizing phraseological units by referring to the conceptual domain ANIMAL (BIRD). The conceptual domain of ANIMAL (BIRD) is represented as a general cognitive matrix, including a number of cognitive contexts. The paper defines the main cognitive models of forming the semantics of the considered phraseological units. The study shows that the most important role in this process is played by metaphorical models, as well as the cognitive comparison models. These models do not exhaust the possible ways of rethinking knowledge about animals to transmit information about people, which is proved by the examples of metonymy and metaphtonymy.
QUANTITY INTERPRETATION IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Authors:   Belgorod State National Research University, Stepanenko S.N. , Fedotova O.V. ,   Belgorod State National Research University
Published: March 2023

The present paper deals with the issues pertaining to the role of language in the quantity interpretation process in modern English. The authors attempt to describe the language means of quantity interpretation at different linguistic levels to show the level peculiarities of quantity interpretation in each case. To prove that the process of linguistic quantity interpretation is integrative and multiple-factor at different language levels, the authors execute the analysis of the quantitative meanings and senses formed by the lexical and grammatical (morphological) linguistic units of quantitative semantics. Cognitive and linguistic mechanisms of quantity interpretation as well as additional linguistic factors of quantitative sense formation receive consideration. Thus, the paper presents the findings concerning the specificity of each level in the process of quantity interpretation. Studying the processes of linguistic quantity interpretation in modern English, we employ the cognitive approach that allows assessing the role of a person in both, comprehension of the quantitative characteristics of the world and formation of the quantitative meanings and senses in the language system. To provide an account of the issues under study we address the theories worked out within the framework of cognitive linguistics by Russian and foreign scholars: cognitive semantics, conceptualization, representation and linguistic interpretation.
INTERACTION OF BASIC AND SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN THE FORMATION OF LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I St.-Petersburg State Transport University, Maslova Zh.N.
Published: March 2023

The study of legal consciousness from the position of cognitive approach is due to the idea of the existence of mental constructs, the role of which is to maintain a holistic and meaningful picture of the world. The study of the phenomenon of law as applied to human consciousness allows us to talk about LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS - gestalt reflection of legal norms in the mind of an individual, a form of social consciousness. In accordance with the above mentioned argument the aim of the research is to cognitively analyze linguistic representations of the concept to study the interaction of scientific and ordinary knowledge. The object of the research is the interaction of ordinary and scientific knowledge in the gestalt structure. During the study, using the method of cognitive modeling, we identified two aspects (localization of legal consciousness, detailing of legal consciousness). The analysis of two aspects confirms the fact that this knowledge is assimilated and formed with the participation of stable cognitive structures, which have arisen on the basis of human bodily experience. It showed the representation of the phenomenon with the help of conceptual metaphors. Theoretical scientific knowledge is a part of the considered gestalt, it can be unsystematic and fragmentary, as it does not determine the integrity of the gestalt.
COGNITIVE MECHANISMS OF MANIPULATIVE EUPHEMIZING
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Zabotkina V.I. , Pozdnyakova E.M. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the cognitive mechanisms underlying the creation of manipulative euphemisms; it presents the essence of those cognitive tools that are used by the media to manipulate the recipients, consuming their content. The research tasks are: identification of the parameters enhancing the cognitive mechanism of reframing in relation to euphemisms; determining what part of the original meaning structure is inherited in a new creative meaning of the euphemism formation. The methods used are: conceptual analysis, frame analysis, analysis of socio-cultural interpretant, principle of dynamic conceptual semantics. As a result of the study, we obtained the data on how the process of reframing is carried out with euphemisms used for manipulation purposes. For its implementation, the cognitive mechanisms of analogy, conceptual deviation and conceptual blending are used, backstage cognition is activated. During reframing, the slots of the source frame are mapped onto the slots of the construed frame. Word or phrase representing the source frame profiles the conceptualization and triggers the set of target frame slots. In the case of using a euphemism for reframing, a contextually justified, but more neutral expression that does not carry negative conceptual attributes is chosen. The results can be used in cognitive linguistics and journalism studies.
NOVEL METAPHOR RECOGNITION IN L1 AND L2 AS MEDIATED BY SYNTACTIC FOREGROUNDING: AN EYE MOVEMENT STUDY
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Rzheshevskaya A.A. , Izmalkova A.I. ,   Moscow State Linguistic University
Published: March 2023

The study explores gaze behavior in novel metaphor recognition in L1 and L2 as affected by the syntactic position of a metaphor; therefore, we test the contrastive role of syntactic foregrounding in information processing. Following cognitive linguistic theories of foregrounding [Talmy 2000; Iriskhanova 2014], we expect its effects on both gaze behavior and metaphor recognition in subject and predicate positions. Following the theories exploring the role of cognitive mechanisms of analogical reasoning and associative fluency [Gentner & Bowdler 2008; Holyoak & Stamenković 2020] in L1 and L2 [Littlemore et al. 2011, Heredia and Cieślicka 2016], we expect differences in L1 and L2 participants in reading and recognition of novel metaphors. The results show that novel metaphor recognition in less foregrounded syntactic position is better in both L1 and L2, which might be explained by the fact that in syntactically foregrounded positions the participants were more likely to search for the source of metaphor, rather than for its target. Additionally, we revealed significant differences in L1 and L2 gaze performance in mean fixation duration, which is higher in syntactically foregrounded position for L2, which might be explained by higher effects of syntactic foregrounding in L2.
Реализация граничных условий при моделировании модификации материалов лазерными импульсами
Authors: Жуков В П , Zhukov V P , Федорук Михаил Петрович , Fedoruk Mikhail Petrovich
Published: March 2023

Для модификации прозрачных материалов используются сильно сфокусированные лазерные импульсы. При моделировании происходящих при этом процессов необходимо вычислять распределение электрического поля лазерного импульса на расстояниях порядка сотен микрон от фокуса. Часто используемое параксиальное приближение для этих целей неприменимо. Необходимо рассчитывать конкретную оптическую систему. Нередко в качестве фокусирующего элемента выступает параболическое зеркало. Желаемое распределение поля в этом случае может быть вычислено с помощью интеграла Стрэттона-Чу (ИСЧ). В настоящей работе представлены обобщение ИСЧ на случай конечного во времени (фемтосекундного) импульса и упрощение ИСЧ на случай большого, расположенного далеко от фокуса зеркала. Это типично для широкого круга важных для практики задач. Также в работе даны конкретные формулы ИСЧ для часто используемых поляризаций лазерных импульсов. Основным результатом настоящей работы является разработка чрезвычайно эффективного численного метода взятия ИСЧ, представляющего собой интеграл от быстро осциллирующей функции. В качестве примера приведен расчет поля сфокусированного лазерного импульса с цилиндрическим по радиусу распределением интенсивности (top-hat pulse).
Royalism in Syria after Faysal I: The Struggle for the Crown of Damascus, 1920-1958
Authors: Moubayed Sami
Published: March 2023

On 24 July 1920 the first and only king in the modern history of Syria, Faysal I, was dethroned and exiled by the invading army of colonial France. Although later rewarded with the job of king of Iraq, Faysal I never lost his appetite for the crown of Damascus, and nor did any of his brothers, nephews, and other royals from the Hashemite family. Much has been written about Faysal’s era in Syria, which began in October 1918 and lasted until July 1920. Few historians, however, have paid attention to the monarchial current that emerged thereafter in Syria, as ambitious politicians and retired officers tried to restore the Hashemite Crown both during the years of the French Mandate (1920-1946) and well into the independence of Syria. They went for the ballots and, when that failed, they tried to stage a coup that would restore the royalists to power, often with material support from one of Faysal’s many relatives. This paper looks at the post-Faysal monarchial project in Syria, which triggered the emergence of two political parties, and at least two coup attempts during the years 1946-1958. None succeeded, and the monarchial dream was abandoned in July 1958 with the toppling of the monarchy in neighboring Iraq, ruled at the time by Faysal’s grandson, King Faysal II.
Watanabe-O'Kelly, Projecting Imperial Power. New Nineteenth-Century Emperors and the Public Sphere (Oxford University Press, 2021)
Authors: Jones Aidan
Published: March 2023

Reviw of Helen Watanabe-O'Kelly, Projecting Imperial Power. New Nineteenth-Century Emperors and the Public Sphere (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021).
Koscak, Monarchy, Print Culture, and Reverence: Picturing Royal Subjects (Routledge, 2020)
Authors: Samways Charlotte Kelly Rebecca
Published: March 2023

Review of Stephanie E. Koscak, Monarchy, Print Culture, and Reverence in Early Modern England: Picturing Royal Subjects (New York: Routledge, 2020).
ON IMPROVING QUALITY OF THE ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH GROUPS OF NEWBORNS
Authors:   Vologda Research Center, Russian Academy of Siences, Vologda, Russia, Razvarina I. , Shmatova Y. ,   Vologda Research Center, Russian Academy of Siences, Vologda, Russia, Gordievskaya A. ,   Vologda Research Center, Russian Academy of Siences, Vologda, Russia
Published: March 2023

Significance. Against the background of a progressive decrease in the absolute number of newborns, high infant mortality and morbidity in the Russian Federation and the Vologda Region, the issues of improving methods of health assessment of newborns remain relevant. The purpose of the study was to compare results of the assessment of health groups of newborns by doctors and after adjustment with due regard to additional data from medical history of the mother and baby. Hypothesis: when determining health groups of newborns in maternity hospitals, medical specialists do not always take into account the full range of mother and baby history data, thus potentially reducing the quality of diagnosis of pathologies in infants. Material and Methods. The study information base is results of the Russian and foreign research in health and healthy lifestyle, data of the Federal State Statistics Service. In this paper, we have tried to compare health indicators of newborns in the cohort of children born in 2014 as assessments made by pediatricians and adjusted assessment of these data based on the “Analysis of conditions for healthy generation” monitoring survey with due regard to mother’s somatic history, and presence of a pathology in a newborn. The study also provides data of inter-cohort comparisons of health indicators in children born in 2014 and 2020. All necessary calculations to determine health groups of newborns were carried out using the SPSS package of applied programs (analysis of open questions about the course of pregnancy, mother and child health status, calculation of factors of attribution to a health group based on answers to the questionnaire questions). To analyze the results, the study used the frequency method and method of contingency tables. Results. The study has identified differences in the health group indicators of newborns in the 2014 cohort based on data of neonatologists and additional history data on mother’s somatic health and newborn’s condition according to the survey results within the framework of the pediatric monitoring “Analysis of conditions for healthy generation”. Conclusions. The study results can be used as an information base to substantiate the need to improve the existing methods for assessing the newborn health in the Russian Federation.
Assessment of LEED 2.2 and LEED 2009 implementation in meeting Army SDD policy goals
Authors: Spiewak Lucas , Stumpf Annette , FitzHenry Heather
Published: March 2023

This report describes our analysis of how Army Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®) certification data demonstrates success in meeting Army sustainable design and development (SDD) policy goals. Specifically, the research team evaluated how LEED 2.2 and v2009 credits related to Army SDD policy objectives, then identified trends over time in Army LEED 2.2 and v2009-rated Projects. This is a historical assessment of actual project data, captured before the Army transitioned to the newer LEED v4. This report explains how implementation of LEED NC 2.2 and v2009 credits helped Army projects achieve SDD policy objectives. Emphasis was placed on LEED credits that directly related to SDD policy requirements which Army construction and major renovation projects needed to meet. Figures throughout the report illustrate how many Army LEED certified projects earned LEED New Construction credits 2.2 from FY2009 to FY2016 and LEED v2009 credits from FY2011 to FY2016. Some figures also rank the LEED 2.2 and LEED v2009 credits from most popular to least popular. Implementation of the Army’s 2013 SDD policy requiring LEED certification has allowed analysis of how Army military construction (MILCON) projects achieved energy, water, and waste goals on a large scale.
UAEs Unconventional High-Pressure/High-Temperature (HPHT) Shale Gas Play Appraisal Technical and Operational Learnings
Authors: Al hassani Azeizah , Van Laer Pierre , Brooks Trevor , Z. Baig Muhammad , Elazab Serif , Caillon Didier , Wu Yang , Kolton Leandro
Published: March 2023

The paper outlines the technical and operational journey experienced in completing this appraisal program, from wellbore preparation to the production. The paper will describe how the intervention tools and practices varied between the two wells drilled in same target and 500 ft a part. Also, the paper going to address the maximize operational efficiency, reduce emissions and availability of local resources. In addition to the modification and customization of available technologies and tools to address the UAE unconventional formations.

Multistage well completions have been developed in the last two decades. Much of this advancement can be attributed to the unconventional shale Oil and Gas plays technology revolution, in which numerous transformational tools, techniques, and concepts have led to the efficient development of ultralow- permeability resources on a massive scale. However, careful consideration must be taken because these techniques cannot be used in areas outside in early in life fields, where reservoir rock properties and stress regimes are considerably different. Therefore, if not properly designed this can compromise the effectiveness of the hydraulic fracture treatment and impair project success which, impact energy self- sufficiency followed by strategy for the country. Diyab Reservoir is an organic-rich limestone unconventional play and our focusing area is located in Al Dhafra region, 250 km west of Abu Dhabi. The target formations comprise of extremely high stress rock in addition to the high-pressure and high temperature (HPHT).

The appraisal strategy included two horizontal wells PAD that completed simultaneously (zipper) with massive multistage hydraulic fracture treatments using the perf and plug technique. Wells were long term flow tested through an early production facility to reduce emission while collecting key information to reduce the associated uncertainties and design a robust field development plan.

The obstacles that have been faced and are still ongoing with this campaign is highlighting the importance of several critical factors. These including multidisciplinary integration and planning, wellbore construction impacts, contractor performance and tool reliability. This paper is providing a summary of case histories and operational results for the first horizontal wells intervention techniques used in UAE high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) reservoirs. This represents a very important contribution and key factors to UAE Gas self-sufficiency and Energy transition strategy plan.
Data Analytical Thinking: The New Booster to Petroleum Industry and Foundation of Data Driven Organization
Authors: Zhao Wenyang , Al Jneibi Lamya Humaid , Al Mashghouni Saif Muaaded , Almheiri Omar Obaid
Published: March 2023

Data is everywhere. Data is undeniable the foundation to the Oil and Gas 4.0 in the petroleum industry. However, data is not equal to value. The true business lies in extracting and maximizing value out of the available and required data. Data analytical thinking is the key to identify and define the problems, extract values, and develop solutions. This is also the key to transform to a data-driven organization.

Being data driven involves a combination of people, process and technology. The structure has to be built based on a solid foundation of data driven culture, which requires both technical and soft skills updates. Being data-driven is a teamwork requiring the collaboration between domain experts and data scientists to maximize their strengths. Identifying and defining problems by domain experts is crucial. The traditional working approaches will no longer be sufficient in a data-driven culture. Becoming data sensitive with data analytical thinking will be a necessity especially during the transformation of the traditional petroleum industry.

The paper illustrates the theoretical concepts of data analytical thinking and discusses the real cases exploiting the dark data and enhancing data collection. The data-driven organization is based on massive data. Fundamentally, the data flows through the process of data collection, quality assurance, data access, data security, and analytics. Every organization is collecting an amount of data much more than ever before. Unfortunately, the collected data could become dark data without proper analytics and utilization. In order to shed light on the importance of data analytical thinking, the paper utilizes the most frequently gathered data, including field production flow testing data and daily field production operational data. Real cases of utilizing eight offshore fields’ Business Plan data are also illustrated. Customized automation data analytical processes with significant boost of working efficiency are also shared to highlight the importance of integrating domain experts and data scientists.

A data-driven organization makes effective decisions based on the values extracted from massive data. The smooth collaboration between domain experts and data scientists is fundamental to minimize the communication cost. Data analytical thinking bridges the gap and smoothens the problem solving process. The collaborative and data-analytical-thinking culture lays the foundation to the data-driven organization.
Leadership Development for High Potential Employees
Authors: Ibadat Samrah
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the paper is to outline the methodology and process that United Energy Pakistan adopted to develop and enhance the leadership capacity of its emerging talent that went on to assume leadership roles in the organization. It is imperative for the upkeep of talent and organizational culture that structured development journeys are designed and extended to high potential employees who can then take the organizational performance to new heights. The framework was designed to develop business focused, yet people centric leaders, equipped to manage operational as well as strategic aspects and deliver results. It is a structured leadership competency acceleration program with a rigorous monitoring mechanism. Although a 12 month long developmental journey comes with many benefits such as cross functional collaboration, networking, opportunity for reflection and practicing learned skills, however, the manageability and synchronization of schedules became an administrative challenge. The paper provides best practices and lessons learnt for leadership development that other organizations in the oil and gas sector may adopt to manage and maintain sustainable talent pools.
Minimizing Production Deferrals Due to Emergency Shutdowns of Pipelines & Gas Lift Modules Using Integrated Network Modelling, Gulf of Suez Example
Authors: Elgamal Ahmed Abdelraouf , Maher Ahmed Maher , Eissa Mohamed Elsayed , Selim Hisham Mousa , Ibrahim Mohamed Elsayed , Koreesh Mahmoud Koreesh , Elwan Mahmoud Elwan
Published: March 2023

The Gulf of Suez is one of the prolific Oil & gas areas in the world. Oil Production in this area started as early as the 1960s when the Giant Morgan Field was discovered, followed by discoveries of Small to Moderate Fields in the same basin. As time goes on, Fields get brown, and so do the production pipelines, Production facilities and gas lift modules. Because of aging, production interruption is a fact more than a choice. However, the Area of choice and decision is to decide the mode of action to deal with interrupts.

The field is located offshore the Gulf of Suez and started production mid-1970s. Field Produces through a pipeline network connecting 10 satellite platforms to a central production facility for primary offshore separation. All wells utilize gas lift, and similarly, high-pressure gas lines connect wells on satellite platforms to Central compression Facilities offshore and onshore. Some of these Pipelines and gas lift modules exceeded the age of 40 years, making them susceptible to failure, a situation of long-term production deferrals. In 2021 the Field had an emergency shutdown for two main pipelines impacting the production of more than 6000 BOPD from Four platforms. A calibrated Network model coupled with well models was built to study different options for production rerouting and lift gas optimization to keep the line pressure of the new route as low as possible and maintain the highest possible production.

Several simulation iterations could optimize production and minimize production deferrals using the alternative route to 1000 BOPD instead of a Complete Shut Down. The optimization plan was conveyed to the Field, and the production deferral did not exceed 1300 BOPD. Following the optimization runs, the mindset for managing operation interrupts was proactive instead of reactive. This philosophy has been extended to minimize planned and unplanned deferrals during gas lift modules downtime during overhauls or emergency repairs. Applying a contingency optimization plan allowed for decreasing deferrals by 80%. To sum up, integrated asset modelling greatly optimizes production and minimizes planned and unplanned production deferrals.
New Normal at United Energy Pakistan Limited
Authors: Farid Syed Muhammad Munib
Published: March 2023

The Coronavirus pandemic challenged most industries in ways unimaginable, forcing people to consider a variety of operational models which were previously unthinkable. UEP also adapted a Work-From-Home (WFH) model for its office-based staff to ensure operational continuity. A few months into the Pandemic, discussions at UEP were initiated to determine how the organization intends to manage office resumption once the Pandemic eases.

A holistic strategy was devised to seek inputs of stake holders, research global and local trends to arrive at an informed decision. The findings indicated that while globally there were discussions around New Normal the local companies were generally not inclined in changing the way they work. UEP also sought feedback on the work-from-home setup from its employees via pulse survey and focus groups. Based on the results and multiple deliberations it was decided to move towards a hybrid model as the New Normal for UEP. A key focus area throughout the process was the impact on employees and the subsequent impact on Talent Management at UEP.

This paper will discuss the series of events which led to the formalization of the "New Normal for UEP" and how it has impacted UEP's Talent Management. The paper will also briefly touch upon the post implementation feedback and lessons learnt from focus groups and highlight areas of improvement to fine tune the working model to what suits UEP best.
Selection of the Appropriate H2S Scavenger Chemistry Based on the Mineral Scaling Risk
Authors: Baraka-Lokmane Salima , Boumera Jean-Marc , Faucheux Frédéric
Published: March 2023

The study concerns a non-conventional field in the Middle East, where gas contains 4 mol% of H2S and 3 mol% of CO2. Gas is exported and production water is reinjected in the aquifer. The first target is to have H2S level in the injected water around 400 ppm and the second target is to have H2S level in the injected water lower than 60 ppm. Quantity of water to be treated will be around 10 000 bbl/d for the first weeks and decreasing up-to few 100s bbl/d after some months.

The objective of this paper is (i) the evaluation of the scaling risk; (ii) identification of suitable H2S scavengers and (iii) assessment of the effect of H2S scavengers on the calcite scale due to the increase of pH.

The scaling risk assessment has been performed with the help of a commercial scaling risk evaluation software. The scaling risk has been evaluated from well producer downhole to surface facilities. The precipitable masses of scales have been calculated.

The identification of suitable H2S scavengers has been based on (i) assets feedbacks, (ii) feedback from TotalEnergies headquarter laboratory tests results, (iii) H2S scavenger chemistries based on literature review and (iv) Chemical suppliers’ recommendations; (v) Assessment of the effect of H2S scavengers on the CaCO3 scale. The cost performance analysis has also been carried out.

The scaling risk assessment has shown at the wellhead, for early life production, in order to prevent both calcite and barite scales, the temperatures should be between 140°C and 120°C. If the temperature is equal to 150°C, a moderate risk of calcite is predicted. For late life production, if the temperature is equal to 100°C, moderate risks of both calcite and barite. At the 1st stage separator and flare KO drum, if temperatures are equal to 150°C and 140°C, a high risk of calcite is predicted. The suitable scale inhibitor has been selected with the help of dynamic tube blocking tests in the laboratory.

The synthesis of TotalEnergies laboratory tests results, affiliate and partner site feedback and literature review and according to the performance, reactivity, compatibility with water, increase of scale and impact of scale inhibitor performance, Glyoxal is the best in class followed by Methylene Bis-Oxazolidine (MBO), then the MEA triazine, then Hemiacetal, then Ethylenedioxy Dimethanol (EDDM) and finally 2-Ethyl Zinc Salt.

Field test has successfully shown that the Glyoxal H2S Scavenger has an excellent performance with no increase of calcite precipitation.
Booming Mature Field Production Throughout the Covid Pandemic Crisis Impact on the Oil and Gas Industry Using a Strategic-Technical Innovative Approach - Success Story from Dragon Oil - Egypt
Authors: Shahin Eman Sayed , Mousa Hisham , Elwan Mahmoud , Korish Mahmoud , El Sayed Mohamed
Published: March 2023

The oil industry is experiencing a critical situation as the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak. There are several challenges that facing the industry specially the investors as the global decline in demand for Energy merchandises, the future exploration and development drilling in new assets that require massive investments is still uncertain based on the current market price and conditions. The much-reported fall in oil prices and the acute pressure on IOCs to survive in this environment led the companies to stop many ongoing projects and shrink work profile that affected the oil production all over the world.

The situation in Egypt is quite challenging for the investors as Egypt is a big consumer, along with the political stability that kept the economy running directed the big IOCs to embrace innovative approaches to lower the operating costs that has the direct impact on the cost per barrel to support maintaining the country growth and secure current energy demand.

Dragon Oil company as newly introduced to Egypt's market after acquiring the market shares of one of the major joint ventures in Egypt (Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company- GUPCO) in October 2019 has faced the same dilemma of exerted pressure on the expenditures (Capex and Opex) in order to cope with the global market circumstances. However that didn't deter the company to embrace an innovative way of thinking and handling for the situation.

Dragon Oil/GUPCO multi-disciplinary teams achieved successfully a production incremental increase of 10,000 barrels per day through the past six month by adapting a strategic management innovative plans, alternative lower cost technical solutions, production optimization and introducing new proved technologies to the 50 years old assets.

This paper will highlight the complete workflow adopted by GUPCO/Dragon Oil teams covering the whole process aspects; appraise, select, define and execution phases to achieve the company goals. The work done was including restoring production from Shut-in offshore platforms or wells via fixing the surface network using neoteric solutions, widely applying rigless interventions using several new techniques in the current producers to maximize their production and optimizing the production cycle across the four production chokes

In Summary, Dragon Oil/GUPCO teams managed to increase GUPCO's production despite of the restricted budget and the negative impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the oil price and reach an outstanding performance in operation excellence and safety aspects that results in arresting the natural decline and increase the growth production by about 15% from the 2019 Average production.
Experimental Investigation of Novel Green Solvents for Improving Oil Recovery through Interfacial Tension
Authors: Hamdi Zakaria , Partoon Behzad , Cheong Weng Choh , Bataee Mahmood
Published: March 2023

The rise in demand for energy forces us to extract oil as much as possible. A variety of methods should be used for that categorized as primary, secondary, and tertiary techniques. Tertiary methods known as enhanced oil recovery (EOR) have been applied mostly to maturing reservoirs. To implement more efficient EOR methods, new materials and technologies should be used. Ionic liquids (IL) were highly regarded for chemical EOR in the last decade until researchers raised concerns about their cost, and environmental impacts. Recently, deep eutectic solvents (DES) were discovered and known as a potential replacement for ILs due to their non-toxic nature, biodegradable, non-flammable nature, and cost. In this study, the effectiveness of DES is investigated by observing its ability to change Interfacial tension (IFT). The studies included the effects of pressure, temperature, salinity, and concentration. The optimum salinity point was obtained as 100000ppm and after that the effect was minimal. The IFT changes with pressure change were negligible, while temperature proved to be the most affecting parameter. Overall, the study suggests that IFT changes using DES in the chemical EOR method for light crudes will not be a limiting factor at reservoir conditions.
BI Dashboarding Application in Reservoir Simulation
Authors: Wang Ke , Al Araimi Wadha Mubarak
Published: March 2023

A Business Intelligence (BI) tool is a type of software that is used to gather, process, analyze and visualize a large volume of data, whether it is historical data, live data or forecasting data for the future. The objective of implementing BI tool is to create interactive reports, generate actionable business insights, and to simplify / accelerate the decision-making process.

Depending on the size and the maturity of their fields, reservoir engineers often have to deal with a tremendous quantity of data from various categories such as simulation input or output, within challenging timelines. It is not uncommon that simulation REs spend the majority of their time in data pre/post-processing, grouping, filtration and setting up visualization templates, before being able to finally perform some value-adding results analysis and eventually improve the model forecasts.

This paper focus on the applications of dashboarding in reservoir engineering and simulation work using a popular BI software (Spotfire®) that is outperforming in many ways some industry-standard software, with objective of promoting the BI dashboarding culture within reservoir engineer population.

Depending on the purpose, various types of dashboard could be built, which allow RE users to better discover patterns and unveil the real meaning behind the data. In this paper, three templates (including history matching quantitative assessment, scenario comparator and PVT data QC) currently adopted by Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) Onshore asset are illustrated. Benchmarking against some conventional industry-standard tools is also performed to highlight their added-value.

As a result, in the context of a 2G & R integrated model review for a multi-billion-barrels reservoir, some concrete examples focusing on BI dashboarding assisted well-by-well history match is illustrated, which showcases how simulation REs could boost their daily work efficiency and create added value to the organization.
Challenges to Opportunity: Getting Value Out of Unstructured Data Management
Authors: Kumar Pranav , Tveritnev Alexey , Jan Salahuddin Abdullah , Iqbal Rauf
Published: March 2023

The phrase unstructured data usually refers to information that doesn't reside in a traditional row-column database. The larger part of enterprise data nearly 80 %, is unstructured and has been much less accessible. From email, text documents, study reports, presentations, memos, to audios, videos and more, unstructured data is huge body of information. This paper proposes a work in progress model to deal with unstructured data management.

In any E&P company, there is data lying in unstructured format including, local drives, network drives, share points, emails, etc. Data sensitivity plays an important role in classifying the data. Irrespective of the classification, it still holds a valuable information, which can be used for predicting business problems in analytical way. The way knowledge is shared among business through email, attachments, flat files, presentations, it requires a robust system/solution to manage the unstructured data. One of the examples could be, related to decision making. Business decision making happens over email or phone calls. There is a huge knowledge potential that exists in the emails of the business. There is a need to extract this information in a way that, it can be utilized in future for analytical decision making. Duplication is an important aspect of unstructured data managed which needs to be tackled. If we scan the current system, we can find various copies of same document, lying at different places in the organization. Same data keeps on circulating among the business users, thus causing the duplications. By having a system that controls the duplication of unstructured data in a meaningful way, will be beneficial for the organization.

With the ongoing advancements in Machine learning and Natural language processing with combined analytical tools, time has come to extract value out of unstructured data. The proposed method will be to identify, gather and classify the unstructured data. Create and use a content management tool to organize and manage the unstructured data.Create a standard engine to deal with unstructured data, without having to convert it to structured data format. Apply an analytical engine at the top of this content and do prediction on the data. Whenever a new data comes into the content management, it gets ingested into the prediction analysis tool to assist business in decision making.
The role of neutrophils in the regeneration of corneal nerve injury
Authors: Zhao Xiaowen , Zhang Minghong , Li Fengjiao , Ma Cuiping , Wang Dianqiang , Wang Ye
Published: March 2023

Background
To investigate the role of neutrophils in the regeneration of corneal nerve injury.
Methods
A mouse model of a corneal nerve injury was established, samples from with and without neutrophil closure in corneal scraping were collected for corneal nerve staining, RNA sequencing, and bioinformatics. Differential expression analysis between these two groups was performed for enrichment analysis. The differential genes were then intersected with neutrophil-associated genes, and the obtained intersected genes were subjected to protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. The immune infiltration between the two groups was observed as well as the variation of immune cells between the high and low gene expression groups.
Results
Removal of neutrophils delays the regeneration of corneal epithelium and nerves. A total of 546 differential genes and 980 neutrophil-associated genes, with 27 genes common to both were obtained. Molecular complex assay (MCODE) analysis yielded five key genes, ITGB2, MMP9, EGF, SERPINE1, and PLAUR. ITGB2, SERPINE1, and PLAUR demonstrated increased high expression in the neutrophil-confined group and decreased expression of MMP9 and EGF, and the difference was more significant for MMP9 and EGF. The immune infiltration was also observed between the two groups. The infiltration of M0 macrophages activated mast cells, and neutrophils were significantly different between the two groups. The levels of neutrophils were also shown to be lower in the MMP9 and EGF low expression groups and higher in the high expression group.
Conclusion
Neutrophil confinement may significantly affect the expression levels of MMP9 and EGF. Strategies to inhibit MMP9 may have potential therapeutic benefits.