bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The pan-cancer analysis reveals FAM72D as a potential therapeutic target and closely linked to immune infiltration and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Qu Guangzhen , Li DongMing , Xue Fei , Zhu Mingyue , Guo Wei , Xu Weiyu
Published: December 2022

Background: FAM72D, a gene that is rarely reported, and its effects in tumors remain elusive. A similar lack of association between its expression and tumor progression, immune microenvironment, and prognosis has been reported. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive landscape view of FAM72D in tumorigenesis, prognosis, and correlation with the tumor microenvironment (TME).
Method: We obtained the gene expression profiles of FAM72D from TCGA (https://xenabrowser.net or https://portal. gdc.cancer.gov/) database. The cBioPortal online database and TIMER2.0 were used to analyze the prognosis, immune infiltration, mutational landscape, and molecular function of FAM72D in pan-cancer. A protein-protein interaction network was performed to identify hub genes, and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was used to identify relevant signaling pathways in pan-cancer. We constructed a risk score model in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and validated it in ICGC (International Cancer Genome Consortium). Meanwhile, sensitivity analyses of some common chemotherapeutic agents and targeted drugs were also analyzed. RT qPCR was used to analyze FAM72D expression differences in Huh7 and LO2 cell lines.
Results: FAM72D expression was significantly upregulated in various tumors compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues in pan-cancer. Elevated expression of FAM72D is correlated with poor prognosis. Genetic alterations in FAM72D affect disease free survival (DFS) in pan-cancer. In most cancers, high levels of FAM72D were associated with infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), CD4+ Th1 and Th2 cells. It was found that FAM72D had an association with cell growth and energy metabolism based on GO analysis. FAM72D similarly affects cell cycle, differentiation, and inflammatory in some tumors. In HCC, based on FAM72D associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), a prognostic signature of 4 genes was constructed to predict prognosis. Chemotherapeutic or targeted agents suitable for different risk groups of HCC were also screened. Additionally, FAM72D is associated with metastasis and proliferation of HCC. FAM72D is a potential biomarker of tumor prognosis, molecular and immune microenvironment.
Conclusion: Our study shows that FAM72D is involved in the carcinogenesis in various tumors while affecting prognosis and immune cell infiltration. FAM72D may serve as a reliable biomarker for the prognosis of several tumors. Meanwhile, this study shed new light on for the treatment of HCC.
Tetraselmis suecica and Porphyridium cruentum exopolysaccharides show anti-VHSV activity on RTG-2 cells
Authors: Parra-Riofrio Geovanna , Moreno Patricia , García-Rosado Esther , Alonso M. Carmen , Uribe-Tapia Eduardo , Abdala-Diaz Roberto Teófilo , Bejar Julia
Published: December 2022

The use of functional feed additives is an important approach to both, prevent and fight, viral diseases in aquaculture. In this regard, microalgae-derived products, and, more specifically, microalgal exopolysaccharides (EPSs), have attracted attention, since multiple biotechnological applications are being described for these molecules. Furthermore, depending on culture conditions, the composition and, therefore, properties of EPSs can vary. In the present study, the antiviral activity of EPSs from Tetraselmis suecica and Porphyridium cruentum cultured under autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions has been evaluated in vitro against Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus (VHSV), an important pathogen in fish farming. Results showed that EPSs from both species have anti-VHSV activity. T. suecica EPSs from autotrophic cultures showed the strongest effect, since both, adsorption and post-adsorption phases of the VHSV multiplication cycle were affected. In contrast, both, autotrophic and heterotrophic P. cruentum EPSs showed anti-VHSV activity only after the adsorption phase. These results pave the way to use these EPSs to fight VHSV infections, and animate to evaluate the EPS antiviral activity against other viral pathogens relevant to the aquaculture industry.
Residual dynamics and ecological risk assessment of indoxacarb in Ipomoea aquatica
Authors: Li Rong , Zhang Zongyuan , Hu Fangfan , Fu Qiang , Zhao Jia , Gong Daoxin
Published: December 2022

The residual levels and dissipation rate of indoxacarb in Ipomoea aquatica were determined by UPLC-MS/MS. 30% indoxacarb suspension was sprayed at recommended doses of 45 and 67.5 g ai/ha on the leaf of Ipomoea aquatica at six geographically distant experimental sits, Changsha, Nanning, Jiyuan, Hangzhou, Qingdao, Shijiazhuang in China. Samples were collected randomly in triplicates at 2h、1d、3d、5d、7d、10d、14d、21d、28d intervals after insecticide application. The residues were found to have half-lives of 2.61–3.67d. Indoxacarb was detectable in Ipomoea aquatica harvested after intervals of 5, 7 and 10 days. We recommend that the harvest interval should be longer than 10 days after spraying 30% SC.
Case report of newly diagnosed prerenal acute kidney injury in a COVID-19 infection
Authors: Bereda Gudisa
Published: December 2022

Many COVID-19 patients develop gastrointestinal problems, which greatly increase fluid loss and cause severe dehydration in the patient, resulting in prerenal acute kidney injury. On September 2, 2022, a middle-aged black African male carpenter (age 60) was admitted to the hospital with a three-day dry cough and difficulty breathing. When he arrived at the emergency room, he had two days' worth of weight loss, cold intolerance, stress, fever, and blood in his urine. A sinus tachycardia was discovered on his electrocardiogram, with an ST-segment of 0.06 seconds and a heart rate of 110 beats per minute. Routine reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (COVID-19) testing was done in the emergency room; the results were positive. He received a bolus of 2 L of lactated ringer upon admission to an intensive care unit, followed by 400 mL/hour of maintenance lactated ringer. He was anuric for the first day. On the second day after the initial 24 hours, his urine production climbed to 800 mL over 12 hours. To reduce hospital-acquired infections, he was given a broad-spectrum antibiotic such as 500 mg of azithromycin once a day for five days and 1 g of intravenous ceftriaxone daily for three days in a row.
Psychosocial Impact of Cancer: More Good Than Bad
Authors: Yao Grace , Lai Jin-Shei , Garcia Sofia F. , Yount Susan , Cella David
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to understand psychosocial impacts on cancer survivors using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systemâ (PROMISâ) Psychosocial Illness Impact banks. Cancer survivors (n=509; age: 59.5±1.4; 51.5% men) completed the PROMIS positive and negative illness impact items consisting of four sub-domains: Self-Concept (SC), Social Impact (SI), Stress Response (SR), and Spirituality (Sp). Illness impact was defined as changed scores from items measuring “current” experiences to recalled experiences prior to cancer diagnosis. Descriptive statistics, effect sizes (ES), and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated at item and sub-domain levels. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify potentially influential factors on the impacts. Our study found survivors reported stronger positive than negative impacts (overall ES mean: 0.30 vs.0.23) in general; and more moderate (ES≧0.30) positive than negative impacts at the item level, 54.3% (25 of 46) and 40% (16 of 40) for positive and negative items, respectively. Participants reported more positive impacts on SI and Sp but more negative impacts on SR. The CV results showed more individual differences appeared on positive SC items. Younger survivors reported stronger positive and negative impacts. Women reported higher positive impacts. Survivors with higher education levels tended to have higher positive SI impacts, while those with a lower family income reported higher negative SI and negative SR impacts. We conclude positive and negative psychosocial impacts coexisted—the strength of impacts varied across sub-domains. Age, gender, education, and family income influenced the psychosocial impacts reported by survivors. These findings provide a foundation to develop interventions to strengthen positive and minimize negative impacts and improve cancer survivors' overall well-being.
The shallow and deep crustal structure in Zagros from inversion and forward modeling: insights from the application of Moho-free Bouguer anomaly
Authors: Ardestani Vahid E. , Mousavi Naeim
Published: December 2022

The contribution of shallow and deep portions of crust in Bouguer anomaly is a long-lasting challenge. Several attempts including filtering of data are being performed. Filtering outcomes are enormously subject to disagreements due to disputable possible choice of cut-off wavelength. Here, we develop in novel strategy to divide the contribution of shallow and deep crustal structures in the Bouguer anomaly. The Moho relief is estimated by the inversion of Bouguer anomalies. The gravity effect of the volume mass between the estimated Moho and the ground surface is computed by parametrization of the volume mass by different meshes (tensor, quad tree, and octree). Octree mesh is opted as the best one after assessing the different meshing results visually and statistically. Then this gravity effect is subtracted from the Bouguer anomalies to obtain the Moho-free Bouguer anomalies. This Moho-free Bouguer anomaly is inverted to obtain the uppermost density contrast representing a proxy for sedimentary thickness and/or magmatic intrusions. The inversions are carried out by using a very popular and robust method for non-linear problems which is called sparse norm inversion and is accessible through SimPEG (Simulation and Parameter Estimation in Geophysics) in Python. Importantly, the inversion process does not need an initial geometry model or density contrast and is completely automatic.
Loss of GLTSCR1 causes congenital heart defects by regulating NPPA transcription
Authors: Han Fengyan , Yang Beibei , Chen Yan , Liu Lu , Cheng Xiaoqing , Huang Jiaqi , Zhou Ke , Zhang Dandan , Xu Enping , Lai Maode , Lv Bingjian , Cheng Hongqiang , Zhang Honghe
Published: December 2022

Precise and specific spatiotemporal domains of gene expression regulation is critical for embryonic development. Recent studies have identified GLTSCR1 as a gene transcriptional elongation regulator in cancer research. However, the function of GLTSCR1, especially in embryonic development, remains poorly understood. Here, we found that GLTSCR1 is essential for cardiac development because Gltscr1 knockout (Gltscr1−/−) led to embryonic lethality in mice with severe congenital heart defects (CHDs). Ventricular septal defect (VSD) and double outflow right ventricular (DORV) were also observed in conditional deletion of Gltscr1 in neural crest cells, which was associated with neonatal lethality in mice. Mechanistically, GLTSCR1 deletion promoted NPPA expression by coordinating the CHD risk G allele of rs56153133 in the NPPA enhancer and releasing the transcription factor ZNF740 binding site on the NPPA promoter. These findings demonstrate that GLTSCR1 acts as a candidate CHD-related gene.
On survival of coherent systems subject to random shocks
Authors: Goyal Dheeraj , Hazra Nil Kamal , Finkelstein Maxim
Published: December 2022

We consider coherent systems subject to random shocks that can damage a random number of components of a system. Based on the distribution of the number of failed components, we discuss three models, namely, (i) a shock can damage any number of components (including zero) with the same probability, (ii) each shock damages, at least, one component, and (iii) a shock can damage, at most, one component. Shocks arrival times are modeled using three important counting processes, namely, the Poisson generalized gamma process, the Poisson phase-type process and the renewal process with matrix Mittag-Leffler distributed inter-arrival times. For the defined shock models, we discuss relevant reliability properties of coherent systems. An optimal replacement policy for repairable systems is considered as an application of the proposed modeling.
The Effect of Single Dose Albendazole (400 Mg) Treatment on the Human Gut Microbiome of Hookworm-infected Ghanaian Individuals
Authors: Appiah-Twum Francis , Akorli Jewelna , Okyere Lydia , Sagoe Kate , Osabutey Dickson , Cappello Michael , Wilson Michael D.
Published: December 2022

Microbes play an important role in human gut homeostasis, metabolic, immunologic and physiopathology of the body. A longitudinal study conducted during 2018–2021 in the Kintampo North Municipality in Ghana demonstrated low hookworm infection cure rates following treatment with a single dose of 400 mg albendazole in some communities. To investigate associations between hookworm infection and the gut microbiome, we examined faecal samples from consented participants who were either cured or remained infected after treatment. At each time point, fecal samples were collected prior to and 10–14 days after albendazole treatment of those who were infected. We used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of DNA extracted from stool samples to investigate the composition and biodiversity of the gut microbiota and to identify potential microbial biomarkers associated with treatment outcomes. Results of the study showed an association between hookworm infection and increased species richness. It also demonstrated a significant variation in microbiota composition at 10–14 days following single-dose albendazole treatment. Individuals cured of hookworm infection after treatment showed a significant reduction in microbiota composition when compared to their pre-treatment state (ANOSIM; p = 0.02), whilst individuals who failed to clear the infection showed no significant change in microbiota composition (ANOSIM; p = 0.35). Both uninfected individuals and individuals who were successfully treated were similar in terms of microbial composition and structure. We also found that the abundance of Clostridia spp. was increased in positive individuals before treatment as well as in those who were not cured. Predictive functional profiling revealed the enrichment of two pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase subunit pathways in individuals who remained infected after treatment (p < 0.05), alluding to an upturn of strictly anaerobic commensal bacteria such as Clostridia spp. This study suggests a relationship between human gut microbiome dysbiosis and albendazole therapy outcomes of hookworm infection. Future studies will further characterize specific biomarkers identified within this study to establish their potential for assessment of pharmacological responses to anthelminthic therapies, as well as explore the possibility of using probiotic supplementation as an adjunct treatment to increase albendazole effectiveness against hookworm.
Relationship between preoperative red blood cell distribution width and postoperative pneumonia in patients with hip fracture: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Daxue , Zhang Yu , Yang Shiwei , Sun Lixin , Zhang Ning , Huang Shaocai
Published: December 2022

Background and Objective:
The relationship between preoperative red blood cell distribution width and postoperative pneumonia in elderly patients with hip fracture remains unclear. To investigate whether preoperative red blood cell distribution width is associated with postoperative pneumonia in elderly patients with hip fracture.
Methods
The clinical data of patients with hip fractures in the department of orthopedics of a hospital from January 2012 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Logistic regression model and generalized additive model were used to identify both linear and nonlinear relationships between red blood cell istribution width and postoperative pneumonia. A two-piecewise regression model was performed to calculate the saturation effect. Subgroup analyses were performed using stratified logistic regression models.
Results
The study included 1444 patients in total. The incidence of POP was 6.30% (91/1444), the mean age of the patients was 77.55 ± 8.75 years, and 73.06 percent of them (1055/1444) were female. After full adjustment for covariates, preoperative red blood cell distribution width had a nonlinear relationship with postoperative pneumonia. The two-segment regression model showed an inflection point of 14.5%. On the left side of the inflection point, the incidence of postoperative pneumonia increased by 52% for every 1% increase in red blood cell distribution width (OR:1.52, 95% CI :1.08–2.16, P = 0.0173). On the right side of the inflection point, the effect size was not statistically significant (OR: 0.80 ,95% CI: 0.58–1.11, P = 0.1878).
Conclusion
The relationship between preoperative red blood cell distribution width level and postoperative pneumonia incidence is nonlinear in elderly hip fracture patients. The incidence of postoperative pneumonia is positively correlated with red blood cell distribution width when it is below 14.5%. A saturation effect is observed when red blood cell distribution width reaches 14.5%.
Identification of significant modules and hub genes involved in fasting using WGCNA
Authors: Qiu Zhengqi , Li Yufei , Fu Yancheng , Yang Yanru , Zhong Jiafu
Published: December 2022

Background: Dietary interventions are one of the most common health promotion tools. Regular intermittent fasting is thought to reduce body weight and ameliorate adverse cardiovascular disease factors significantly. However, there is growing evidence that fasting positively affects body composition and biochemical parameters, but very few studies related to its mechanisms. In this study, bioinformatics network analysis was performed to investigate the effects of fasting on adipose and muscle tissues and further explore the potential mechanisms and targets of action.
Methods: We downloaded the adipose tissue and muscle tissue gene expression datasets before and after fasting from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and constructed co-expression networks by Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) to identify key modules. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed for the differential genes in adipose tissue and muscle tissue-related modules, respectively. Then, we constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks using the STRING database and detected the central genes in the networks.
Results: Functional enrichment analysis showed that AMPK pathway and neurodegenerative disease-related pathways might be involved in the regulation of fasting in humans. PPI network construction indicated that the regulation of fasting in humans, both in adipose and muscle tissues, may be associated with two central genes, TXNIP and DLAT, and that this regulation is likely to act on human metabolism.
Conclusion: Our work indicates that a total of 15 key genes, including TXNIP, DLAT, PDK4, DDIT3, and PFKFB3, may receive regulation by fasting interventions, especially TXNIP and DLAT are the basis of fasting mechanisms in adipose and muscle tissues. The pathways regulated by these key genes may provide new targets for further studies on the mechanism of fasting and the treatment of metabolic diseases.
Deep learning neural network with transferlearning for liver cancer classification
Authors: Mizouri Nibras
Published: December 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), “primary” cancer of the liver is the fourth most common cause of cancer related death worldwide. However,it can be reduced by early detection and diagnosis. With increasing use of Computed topography (CT) and Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for diagnosis, traditional classification cancer manually is a difficult and time consuming task showing limitations in large and diverse datasets. Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) can play a key role in the early detection and diagnosis of liver cancer. Therefore the main objective of this work is to detect the liver cancer accurately using deep learning. We propose a novel CAD framework using convolution neural networks and transfer learning (pre-trained VGG-16 and MonileNet-V1 model). The classification accuracy of HCC reaches 96%. The system consists of three stages: (i) data collection , (ii) Data processing and (iii) Data Analysis.
Heterogeneity, incomplete information and efficiency: a longitudinal study of a students’ network
Authors: Das Aditya Sekhar , Gangopadhyay Arya , Husain Zakir
Published: December 2022

There is a considerable body of evidence showing that ties between actors are not random but are formed endogenously to maximise individual benefits. Such preferential attachment may be difficult if information is incomplete; in such cases, repeated interaction with the same set of agents may facilitate the identification of actors with whom forming ties is beneficial. The present study examines the formation of ties in a heterogeneous community characterised by incomplete information about the endowments of actors. Data was obtained through an online survey from students enrolled in the post-graduation programme in the department of Economics, Presidency University, and analysed using social network analysis tools and concepts. Results revealed that, over time, the density, reachability and connectivity of the network increased. Greater interaction among actors facilitated the identification of high value actors, and led to an efficient and stable network—but at the cost of polarisation within the network. The study concludes by arguing the need to supplement the analysis of efficiency and stability with an enquiry into the normative implications of polarisation.
JEL classification: D85, I29
Evaluation of surface-guided radiation therapy for breast cancer using the Halcyon system
Authors: Kang Seonghee , Jin Hyeongmin , Chang Ji Hyun , Jang Bum‑Sup , Shin Kyung Hwan , Choi Chang Heon , Kim Jung-in
Published: December 2022

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of the daily patient setup for breast cancer patients by applying surface-guided radiation therapy using the Halcyon system instead of conventional laser alignment based on the skin marking method.
Methods and materials: We retrospectively investigated 228 treatment fractions using two different daily patient setup methods. The accuracy of the residual rotational error of the surface-guided radiation therapy system was evaluated by using an in-house breast phantom. The residual translational error was analyzed using the couch position difference in the vertical, longitudinal, and lateral directions between the reference computed tomography and dailykilo-voltage cone beam computed tomography acquired from the record and verification system. The residual rotational error (pitch, yaw, and roll) was also calculated using an auto rigid registration between the two imagesbased on Velocity. The total setup time, which combined the initial setup time and imaging time, was analyzed to evaluate the efficiency of the daily patient setup for surface-guided radiation therapy.
Results: The average residual rotational errors using the in-house fabricated breast phantom for pitch, roll, and yaw were 0.14°, 0.13°, and 0.29°, respectively. The average differences in the couch positions for laser alignment based on the skin marking method were 2.8±1.6 mm, 2.0±1.2 mm, and 2.1±1.0 mm for the vertical, longitudinal, and lateral directions, respectively. For surface-guided radiation therapy, the average differences in the couch positions were 1.9±1.2 mm, 2.9±2.1 mm, and 1.9±0.7 mm for the vertical, longitudinal, and lateral directions, respectively. The rotational errors for pitch, yaw, and roll without the surface-guided radiation therapy approach were 0.32±0.30°, 0.51±0.24°, and 0.29±0.22°, respectively. For surface-guided radiation therapy, the rotational errors were 0.30±0.22°, 0.51±0.26°, and 0.19±0.13°, respectively. The average total setup times considering both the initial setup time and imaging timewere 314 s and 331 s, respectively, with and without surface-guided radiation therapy.
Conclusion: We demonstrated that using surface-guided radiation therapy improves the accuracy and efficiency of patient setups in breast cancer patients using the Halcyon system, which has limitations in correcting the rotational offset.
Prognostic and predictive value of desmoplastic reaction in colorectal cancer: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Hu Qingru , Wang Yiting , Yao Su , Mao Yun , Liu Liu , Li Zhenhui , Chen Yonghe , Zhang Shenyan , Li Qian , Zhao Yingnan , Fan Xinjuan , Cui Yanfen , Zhao Ke , Liu Zaiyi
Published: December 2022

Background
Desmoplastic reaction (DR) is a part of tumor-host reactions reflecting the maturity of tumor stroma. It is confirmed a promising prognostic factor in colorectal cancer (CRC) but further validation in large multicenter samples is needed, and the predictive value of DR type in adjuvant therapy (ACT) in CRC is still unclear.
Methods
A total of 2225 CRC patients from five independent institutions were divided into primary (N = 1012, from two centers) and validation (N = 1213, from three centers) cohorts. DR types were classified as immature, middle, or mature depending on the presence of hyalinized collagen bundles and myxoid stroma at the invasive front of the primary tumor. The overall survival among diverse DR types were compared using survival analysis. The correlation of DR types with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) within stroma was analyzed using artificial intelligence-based method.
Results
In primary cohort, patients with mature DR had the highest 5-year survival rate (85.5% [mature], 75.3% [middle], 65.2% [immature]; hazard ratio for immature vs mature 3.01; 95% CI 2.24–4.04; P < 0.001). These findings were confirmed in validation cohort. Additionally, for stage II CRC, patients classified as non-mature DR would benefit from ACT compared with surgery alone (P = 0.035). Furthermore, immature and middle DR were associated with less distribution of TILs within stroma compared to mature (P < 0.0001).
Conclusions
DR type reflecting the maturity of tumor stroma is a strong independent prognosis factor for CRC patients. For stage II CRC patients, non-mature DR could be a potential marker for recognizing high-risk patients who may be benefited from ACT.
Terapijski pas – podrška obrazovnom okruženju i mentalnom zdravlju djece s teškoćama u razvoju tijekom pandemije COVID-a-19
Authors:   Poliklinika za rehabilitaciju slušanja i govora SUVAG Ulica kneza Ljudevita Posavskog 10, 10 000 Zagreb, Čilić Burušić Lidija
Published: December 2022

Unatrag dva desetljeća sve više raste interes za korištenje terapijskih pasa u obrazovnom okruženju, posebice u radu s djecom s teškoćama u razvoju (Brelsford i sur., 2017). Osnovni cilj istraživanja učinka terapijskih pasa u radu s djecom je prepoznavanje dobrobiti koju taj rad ima za mentalno zdravlje djece, poboljšanje komunikacijskih vještina te njihovu motivaciju za sudjelovanje u rehabilitacijskim i obrazovnim aktivnostima. Iako sve veći broj istraživanja navodi sve češće uključivanje terapijskih pasa u obrazovnom okruženju, praksa se još uvijek ne proučava sustavno (Gee i sur., 2015). Tijekom suočavanja s pandemijom COVID-a-19 te posljedicama potresa u gradu Zagrebu, osim zatvaranja škola, socijalne izolacije, smanjene dostupnosti pojedinih zdravstvenih usluga, pa tako i rehabilitacije djece s teškoćama u razvoju, susreli smo se, očekivano, i s pogoršanjem mentalnog zdravlja djece. Poliklinika za rehabilitaciju slušanja i govora SUVAG u Zagrebu, Ulica kneza Ljudevita Posavskog 10 (u nastavku teksta Poliklinika SUVAG), u kojoj se rehabilitiraju i školuju djeca s oštećenjem sluha i poremećajima govora i jezika, tijekom 2020. i 2021. godine u svom je radu upotrebljavala i tri terapijska psa koja su odigrala značajnu ulogu kao motivatori djece u obrazovnim i rehabilitacijskim aktivnostima te zaštiti mentalnog zdravlja tijekom pandemije. Ključne riječi: terapijski pas, pandemija COVID-a-19, djeca s teškoćama u razvoju, mentalno zdravlje, obrazovanje
Upravljanje krizom uzrokovanom pandemijom bolesti COVID-19 u sustavu socijalne skrbi kod pružatelja socijalnih usluga smještaja i organiziranog stanovanja
Authors:   Ministarstvo rada, mirovinskoga sustava, obitelji i socijalne politike, Ulica grada Vukovara 78, 10 000 Zagreb, Špehar Fiškuš Katarina , Koren Milena ,   Ministarstvo rada, mirovinskoga sustava, obitelji i socijalne politike, Ulica grada Vukovara 78, 10 000 Zagreb, Milić Babić Marina ,   Studijski centar socijalnog rada, Pravni fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Ul. Vladimira Nazora 51, 10 000 Zagreb
Published: December 2022

Kriza, bez obzira na obilježja, uzroke ili vrstu, može ugroziti pojedince, skupine i društvo. Općenito, pa tako i u sustavu socijalne skrbi, kriza može značiti usporavanje ili zaustavljanje redovnog funkcioniranja, što nužno zahtijeva reakciju koja bi rezultirala ponovnom uspostavljanju predkriznog djelovanja ili njegovu poboljšanju. U članku je predstavljen model upravljanja krizom u sustavu socijalne skrbi na horizontalnoj i vertikalnoj razini, s naglaskom na pružatelje socijalnih usluga smještaja i organiziranog stanovanja. Za potrebe ovog rada prikazani su podaci iz prvog vala pandemije koje je prikupilo ministarstvo nadležno za poslove socijalne skrbi. Rezultati su pokazali važnost kriznog upravljanja i krizne komunikacije na vertikalnoj i horizontalnoj razini, a koje se ogledalo u poduzimanju pravovremenih i učinkovitih intervencija, dobroj organizaciji i kontinuiranom praćenju s ciljem zaštite korisnika i zaposlenika. U članku je dan prikaz prve intervencije sustava socijalne skrbi u krizi uzrokovanoj pandemijom bolesti COVID-19. Izneseni podaci upućuju na koordinaciju i krizno upravljanje u prvom valu COVID-a-19 te daju smjernice za buduća postupanja s ciljem jačanja kompetencija nadležnih dionika i zaštite korisnika sustava. Ključne riječi: kriza, pandemija bolesti COVID-19, pružatelji socijalnih usluga, sustav socijalne skrbi, krizno upravljanje
A AUKUS, O TNP E O PROSUB
Authors: Monteiro Alvaro , Moura José
Published: December 2022

A parceria AUKUS prevê um esforço dos Estados Unidos da América e Reino Unido para dotar a Austrália, um país não nuclearmente armado, como o Brasil, de submarinos convencionais de propulsão nuclear, o que requer complexas negociações com a Agência Internacional de Energia Atômica (AIEA), tendo suscitado propostas para evitar a fragilização do regime de não proliferação de armas nucleares. Tal situação pode afetar as condições políticas das recém-iniciadas negociações do Brasil com a AIEA. A fim de avaliar tais possibilidades, são analisadas, por meio de pesquisa documental, as condições de criação da AUKUS em termos estratégicos e de não proliferação de armas nucleares, bem como duas das propostas citadas, uma que prevê o debate da questão pelos Estados membros da Agência e outra que prevê requisitos a serem cumpridos por Estados pleiteantes a tais meios navais. Resulta que a primeira pode gerar questionamentos sobre o programa brasileiro, e a segunda revela ser imprópria como padrão geral, por implicar dependência em relação a Estados nuclearmente armados. Conclui-se que os órgãos brasileiros envolvidos, ora tendo iniciado as negociações com a Agência, devem acompanhar os desdobramentos da parceria AUKUS e estar preparados para defender o programa nos foros pertinentes.
The Armed Forces in the fight against COVID-19 in Brazil: pandemics as a theme of the Defense and Security Agendas
Authors: de Moraes Marcelo , Paim Diego , Roberto José
Published: December 2022

Fighting the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil required actions from the Federal Government, through its Ministries and Local Authorities. The Armed Forces were called upon by the Ministry of Defense to act in Operation COVID-19, which began in March 2020. In total, 10 (ten) Joint Commands were created for the integrated use of the means of logistics, intelligence, and communications, in support to public health and safety agencies. In addition to these Joint Commands, the Aerospace Command, which is permanent, provided support to the other commands. The present work aimed to study the performance of the Armed Forces in confronting the COVID-19 pandemic, addressing issues related to interoperability, integration between civilians and military personnel, and impacts on the operation of the Armed Forces. The questionnaire was applied to Joint Commands members, both military and civilian. The study found that the Brazilian Armed Forces have a great capacity for mobilization, as evidenced by the numbers and diversity of the activities performed. The interoperability and relational capability of the military provided agility and integration in actions. However, suggestions and opportunities for improvement to increase the readiness of the Armed Forces and the State itself in similar situations were pointed out.
Atlas toponímico de Minas Gerais: a caminho de duas décadas de história
Authors: Seabra Maria Cândida Trindade Costa de , Santos Márcia Maria Duarte dos
Published: December 2022

A partir da premissa de que a Toponímia é uma área que colabora para a preservação da memória de uma sociedade, constituindo marcas identitárias, este artigo propõe-se apresentar os estudos desenvolvidos em dezessete anos de pesquisa, no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos Linguísticos, da Faculdade de Letras, da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (PosLin-FALE-UFMG), em que se destacam diferentes olhares voltados ao estudo do nome próprio, sob perspectivas sincrônica e diacrônica
Toponímia religiosa de tradição católica na denominação dos municípios brasileiros: passado e presente
Authors: Carvalho Ana Paula Mendes Alves de
Published: December 2022

Vinculado ao projeto Atlas Toponímico do Estado de Minas Gerais (ATEMIG) e orientado pelos pressupostos teóricos da Onomástica, este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar resultados da pesquisa de pós-doutoramento, em que se observou, por meio de uma análise diacrônica, a presença da devoção religiosa de tradição católica, na denominação dos 5.570 municípios brasileiros. Nessa perspectiva, a partir da consulta à base de dados do IBGE, fez-se o levantamento de todos os municípios que têm (ou tiveram), em algum momento de sua história, nomes de santos e santas (hagiotopônimos), bem como nomes relativos às invocações da Nossa Senhora (mariotopônimos); o que, em terras brasileiras, configura-se como uma herança portuguesa, preservada ao longo das gerações, como um verdadeiro patrimônio sócio-linguístico-cultural.
A convergência de toponímias em ativos de propriedade intelectual: as indicações geográficas e a valorização de territórios
Authors: Santos Wellington Gomes dos , Batista Junior Eudoxio Antonio
Published: December 2022

As Indicações Geográficas (IG) se constituem em conteúdos integrantes do Direito de Propriedade Intelectual, que os trata da perspectiva legal, como signos distintivos cuja característica principal é a distinguibilidade numa perspectiva de economia de mercado. No Brasil, apenas nomes geográficos de lugares ou regiões que guardem forte ligação com o produto ou serviço, em caráter de tipicidade e reputação, são considerados como passíveis de registros como IGs.  A novidade que se observa com isso é a convergência de toponímias em ativos de propriedade intelectual, constituindo-se em novas formas de valorização de territórios, cujo núcleo de distinção de sua reputação seria o nome geográfico em questão. É esse o contexto que este artigo propõe discutir.
Genesis of Clinical Linguistics: Cognitive-Communication Disorders and Their Research Directions
Authors: Igisheva Lyudmila , Nechaeva Irina , Rumyanceva Aleksandra , Shot Yuliya
Published: December 2022

Cognitive linguistics, psychophysiology, cardiology, and pathological psycholinguistics have common theory and methodology. Clinical linguistics is a new area of research within cognitive science. The authors reviewed domestic and foreign studies of communicative disorders published in 1981–2022. The review focused on the cardiology, neurology, and pathological psycholinguistics of speech abnormalities, which demonstrated similar terminology and methods. The authors identified three research directions: 1) disorders associated with the period of intrauterine, intranatal, or early postpartum development; 2) age-related disorders; 3) disorders caused by a prior disease or brain injury. The language and communication profile of patients with cognitive impairments was different, but all aspects of language and communication fell into the field of psychophysiology, cardiology, and pathological psycholinguistics, thus remaining within an interdisciplinary paradigm. The review highlighted some terminological inconsistency of studies focused on the analysis of language and speech in cognitive linguistics. The authors proved that clinical linguistics is a separate branch of cognitive research that bridges a certain gap between theory and practice. They defined the main objectives of clinical linguistics as the coordination of the conceptual and terminological research apparatus, unification of methodology, and development of unified principles for language and communication research.
Legal Collisions: Russian Scientific Discourse
Authors: Ahmetzhanova Kristina
Published: December 2022

This article focuses on various approaches to the concept of legal collisions in the Russian legal science. Collisions first appeared in the Russian legal literature at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries. They were described as a clash or conflict of laws within the framework of private international law. Scientists developed a typology of legal collisions and linked them to living conditions in an attempt to consider the problem from sociological perspectives. Soviet researches studied legal collisions as part of private international and domestic law. In the 1960s, they declared the objective inevitability of legal collisions. Some major works on legal collisions were published in the 1970–1980s. Their authors chose legal positivism and considered a legal collision to be a divergence of legal or legislative norms. In the 1990s, legal collisions were determined as a discrepancy between an actual social attitude and its normative regulation, i.e., as a certain contradiction of claims or interests.
Comparison of commercially available detectors used for the dosimetry of the High Energy Electron Beams.
Authors: Bąk Olga , Szweda Hubert
Published: December 2022

In modern radiotherapy, electron beams are used less and less often. However, there are still techniques where this type of particles is irreplaceable, like intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) or total skin electron irradiation (TSEI). Due to low range of electrons penetrating the medium, dosimetric measurements and beam characteristics are challenging. One of the most important steps during this process is to select the right detector in order to collect reliable data. The purpose of this work was to perform beam characteristics using six commercially available detectors: Semiflex 3D (Type 31021), Advanced Markus (Type 34045), Markus (Type 23343), Roos (Type 34001), microDiamond (Type 60019), Diode E (Type 60017). Collected data shows various parameters describing electron beams, depending on the used detector. Obtained results showed that the most useful detector for beam characteristics is microDiamond Type 60019. Thanks to the very small effective volume, microDiamond showed a superior spatial resolution, which is especially handful during the measurements of dose profiles, allowing estimating beam parameters very precisely.
Propozycja strategii postępowania z radioterapeutycznym planem leczenia w technice VMAT w przypadku niedostępności aparatu źródłowego oraz aparatu kompatybilnego w ośrodku radioterapii
Authors: Bąk Olga , Kijeska Weronika , Kosmowska Justyna , Pańczyszyn Magdalena , Skrobała Agnieszka
Published: December 2022

Celem pracy była propozycja strategii postępowania z planem leczenia metodą SIB wykonanego w technice obrotowej z modulacją intensywności dawki (VMAT, ang. Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy), w przypadku niedostępności aparatu źródłowego oraz żadnego kompatybilnego akceleratora w ośrodku. Badanie przeprowadzono na przykładzie 20 pacjentów z nowotworem stercza, leczonych metodą jednoczesnego zintegrowanego boost’u (SIB) z planem leczenia w technice VMAT dla dwóch lub trzech pełnych łuków terapeutycznych. Następnie na podstawie pierwotnych planów leczenia wykonano 7-polowe plany zastępcze w technice radioterapii z modulowaną intensywnością dawki (IMRT, ang. Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy). Dla planów w technice VMAT i IMRT zastosowano wiązkę  o energii 6 MeV dawka zadana to 67,5 Gy dla planowanje objętośi do napromieniania PTV stercz oraz 45 Gy dla PTV węzły w 30 frakcjach (Planning Target Volume). Wartości różnic w dawkach pomiędzy planami VMAT i IMRT dla objętości PTV nie przekraczały akceptowalnej granicy ~ 2%. Dla narządów krytycznych różnica w dawce mieściła się w granicach dawek tolerancji zawartych w raporcie QUANTEC (Quantitative Analyses of Normal Tissue Effects in the Clinic). Wartości wskaźnika konformalności CI (Conformity Index) dla planów w technice VMAT znajdowały się w przedziale 0,53-0,58, a dla planów w technice IMRT pomiędzy 0,49, a 0,54. Sumaryczna liczba jednostek monitorowych dla techniki VMAT wynosiła pomiędzy 626 MU, a 777 MU dla planów w IMRT minimalna liczba MU wynosiła 2013 MU, a maksymalna 2766 MU. Badanie wykazało, że pomimo niewielkich różnic uzyskanych dla dawek w narządach krytycznych mieszczących się w kryteriach dawek tolerancji oraz dłuższym czasem napromieniania, technika SIB-IMRT, może być stosowana jako alternatywny plan leczenia pacjenta, nie obniżając jakości leczenia.
Przegląd technik radioterapeutycznych wykorzystywanych w napromienianiu nowotworu odbytnicy.
Authors: Pańczyszyn Magdalena , Bąk Olga , Kijeska Weronika , Kosmowska Justyna , Skrobała Agnieszka
Published: December 2022

Rak odbytnicy jest trzecim najczęściej występującym na świecie nowotworem u mężczyzn i drugim u kobiet. W zależności od stopnia zaawansowania choroby nowotworowej radioterapia stosowana jest jako wyłączne leczenie nowotworów odbytnicy lub jako terapia wspomagająca przedoperacyjnie lub pooperacyjnie. Celem pracy był przegląd historycznych oraz aktualnych metod leczenia radioterapią odbytnicy. W pracy omówiono technikę konwencjonalnej radioterapii 2D (ang. two-dimension radiation therapy) oraz trójwymiarową technikę radioterapii 3D (ang. three dimension radiation therapy). Na końcu omówiono obecnie wykorzystywane techniki dynamiczne radioterapii, takie jak: technika z modulacją intensywnością dawki IMRT (ang. intensity modulated radiation therapy), technika obrotowa z modulacją intensywnością dawki VMAT (ang. voulemtric modulated arc therapy) oraz technika helikalna (ang. helical therapy). W pracy skupiono się na przedstawieniu realizacji omawianych technik i opisie jak dana technika wpływa na rozkład dawki w planowanej objętości do napromieniania PTV (ang. Planning Target Volume) oraz na dawki w narządach krytycznych w radioterapii nowotworów odbytnicy.
Use of retaining wall anchors as geothermal heat exchangers
Authors:   Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile., Moffat Ricardo , Reszka Pedro ,   Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile., Toledo Mauricio ,   Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
Published: December 2022

A novel application of retaining wall anchors as heat exchangers is proposed as an alternative or complement to pile geothermal exchangers. A fullscale in-situ study using anchors and piles was performed. Thermal response tests (TRT) were carried out in both types of systems. The installation process of the heat exchanger anchor is shown and results of the in-situ tests are compared in terms of their thermal parameters and performance. We demonstrate that the installation of required pipes is possible in the anchors with no mechanical interference during its installation and after anchor tensioning. The results show that the use of heat exchanger anchors is a valid alternative, with thermal performance similar to more common energy piles.
The impact of considering the vertical seismic coefficient kv on the pseudostatic slope stability analysis of downstream tailings sand dams
Authors:   SRK Consulting, Las Condes, Chile., Morales Camilo , Bard Alberto ,   SRK Consulting, Las Condes, Chile., Palma Carolina ,   SRK Consulting, Las Condes, Chile.
Published: December 2022

In Chile, the limit equilibrium analysis under pseudostatic conditions is compulsory according to the Supreme Decree 248 (DS248, 2007), which establishes a minimum factor of safety (FoS) of 1.2 for stability analysis. In Chilean geotechnical practice, it is usually considered just the horizontal seismic coefficient (kh) for the analyses. However, there is a constant discussion about the necessity of applying both horizontal and vertical seismic coefficient (kv) into the analyses. In addition, there is uncertainty about what kv/kh should be considered and the effect that the sense of application (upward or downward) could have on the FoS. This paper presents an analysis of the effect of considering different |kv|/kh from 0 to 1 on both analysis directions for generic downstream tailings sand dam. Based on this, different dam heights, beach lengths and seepage conditions are also analysed. The obtained results show that when both kh and kv are applied, the FoS increase if kv acts downward and decrease when it acts upward. In addition, the effect for |kv|/kh ≤ 0.5 is almost neglectable, especially for kh ≤ 0.15. Furthermore, although a short beach length significantly impacts the FoS, the influence of applying both kh and kv seems to be independent of the beach length
Mutual Prodrugs - Codrugs
Authors: Nudelman Abraham
Published: December 2022

This review encapsulates an extensive variety of substances identified as mutual
prodrugs or codrugs, wherein two, or sometimes three, biologically active moieties are
linked using an assortment of metabolically unstable bridging entities. Following the administration
of the mutual prodrugs, these undergo a bridge cleavage releasing the active
molecules, which then elicit their respective biological effects. In some cases, the released
drugs act synergistically, other times the biological activity of only one of the drugs is
elicited, and in such cases, the accompanying drug serves only as a carrier, which may
have an affinity to the desired receptor. The most promising results are commonly observed
when the two released drugs are efficacious at similar concentrations and particularly
when the two drugs are effective against similar diseases. For instance, the best results
are observed, when two analgesics, two anticancer agents, two drugs for the treatment
of cardiac conditions, etc., are the substances comprising the codrug. Mutual prodrugs/
codrugs described herein have been reported, primarily since the year 2000, as potential
drugs for use against a plethora of diseases including pain, inflammation, cancer,
bacterial infections, sickle cell anemia, Alzheimer’s disease, and others.