bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thrombotic microangiopathy after traumatic brain injury: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Van Meerbeeck Xavier , Janssen Leen , Vleut Rowena , Verdonck Philip , Gadisseur Alain , De Paep Rudi , Verbrugghe Walter , Jorens Philippe
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical Message

This case report supports that trauma can rarely cause thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). Early recognition is important due to a high mortality of untreated TMA, but diagnosis can be delayed by attributing lab abnormalities as due to blood loss.

Major trauma can provoke coagulopathy, ranging from hypo‐ to hypercoagulation. Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), characterized by hemolytic anemia, renal failure, thrombocytopenia, and intravascular hemolysis, results in bleeding tendency but also microvascular thrombosis. We report a rare case of isolated traumatic brain injury leading to TMA treated with plasmapheresis.
Patient‐physician interactions in hereditary angioedema—Key learnings from the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Authors: Maurer Marcus , Buttgereit Thomas , Magerl Markus , Schön Kathrin , Balla Zsusanna , Farkas Henriette
Published: September 2023

Background

The coronavirus disease pandemic and its containing measures have caused concerns for patients with hereditary angioedema (HAE) and their treating physicians. Both faced challenges surrounding interaction, and communication had to adapt to facilitate appropriate management. Specifically, the pandemic resulted in reduced in‐person contact in clinics. Where possible, telemedicine appointments were offered and treatment outside the hospital setting was encouraged.

Body

The pandemic markedly affected patient‐physician communication, which is essential to maintain partnerships and optimize care. Although patients with HAE are often experts in their condition, guidance by their physicians is essential, especially with the recent shift toward patient‐centered management for rare diseases and shared decision‐making (SDM). SDM enables patients to take control of their disease and allows the risks and benefits of treatment to be discussed with their physicians. This review explores perspectives from patients and physicians in the HAE clinical setting, particularly regarding their experiences with communication throughout the pandemic. We discuss the importance of SDM in rare diseases such as HAE, factors that impact effective communication, and potential solutions.

Conclusion

Since patient‐centered care and SDM have particular relevance in rare diseases in general, we believe our findings could be transferrable and applicable in the management of other rare diseases.
Effect of mitochondrial circulation on mitochondrial age density distribution
Authors: Kuznetsov Ivan A. , Kuznetsov Andrey V.
Published: September 2023

Recent publications report that although the mitochondria population in an axon can be quickly replaced by a combination of retrograde and anterograde axonal transport (often within less than 24 hours), the axon contains much older mitochondria. This suggests that not all mitochondria that reach the soma are degraded and that some are recirculating back into the axon. To explain this, we developed a model that simulates mitochondria distribution when a portion of mitochondria that return to the soma are redirected back to the axon rather than being destroyed in somatic lysosomes. Utilizing the developed model, we studied how the percentage of returning mitochondria affects the mean age and age density distributions of mitochondria at different distances from the soma. We also investigated whether turning off the mitochondrial anchoring switch can reduce the mean age of mitochondria. For this purpose, we studied the effect of reducing the value of a parameter that characterizes the probability of mitochondria transition to the stationary (anchored) state. The reduction in mitochondria mean age observed when the anchoring probability is reduced suggests that some injured neurons may be saved if the percentage of stationary mitochondria is decreased. The replacement of possibly damaged stationary mitochondria with newly synthesized ones may restore the energy supply in an injured axon. We also performed a sensitivity study of the mean age of stationary mitochondria to the parameter that determines what portion of mitochondria re‐enter the axon and the parameter that determines the probability of mitochondria transition to the stationary state. The sensitivity of the mean age of stationary mitochondria to the mitochondria stopping probability increases linearly with the number of compartments in the axon. High stopping probability in long axons can significantly increase mitochondrial age.
Effect of Calcination Temperature on the Structural and Optical Properties of FeSbO4 Nanostructures
Authors: Sahana B. V. , Kumar M. Uday , Swetha R. , Kuri Ramappa S. , Kumari Latha
Published: September 2023

In the present work, a Solvothermal method is employed to prepare reactive nanoparticles of FeSbO4 by varying synthesis conditions. A systematic evolution of FeSbO4 phase formation as a function of calcination temperature is monitored by in situ Powder X‐ray Diffraction (pXRD). XRD data reveals that the pure FeSbO4 phase is obtained at calcination temperature of 700 °C and above which can be indexed to rutile FeSbO4 phase. However, below this, temperature various secondary phases are observed. Surface morphology analysis shows pellet‐shaped nanoparticles with narrow size distribution and particle size below 100 nm. Moreover, material calcined at 900 °C shows large‐size particles due to fusing and agglomeration. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) data reveals the purity and elemental composition of the as‐synthesized nanostructures. The spectroscopic studies by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) give information about the presence of various functional groups in FeSbO4 nanoparticles in the range 400–900 cm−1. The UV–vis spectroscopy analysis presents absorption peak in the range of 208–228 nm for FeSbO4 nanoparticles. A band gap of around 3.85 eV is obtained from Tauc's plot. The FeSbO4 nanoparticles can be used for sensor, for electrochemical applications, and also as possible oxide thermoelectric with suitable composites.
Virucidal activity of trehalose 6‐monolaurate against dengue virus in vitro
Authors: Lu Jeng‐Wei , Huang Chin‐Kai , Chen Yen‐Chen , Lee Guan‐Chiun , Ho Yi‐Jung
Published: September 2023

Dengue fever is an acute febrile disease caused by dengue virus (DENV) infection. Over the past 60 years, DENV has spread throughout tropical regions and currently affects more than 50% of the world's population; however, there are as of yet no effective anti‐DENV drugs for clinical treatment. A number of research teams have investigated derivatives of glycolipids as possible agents for the inhibition of DENV. Our objective in this research was to study the antiviral effects of trehalose 6‐caprate (TMC), trehalose 6‐monolaurate (TML), and trehalose 6‐monooleate (TMO), based on reports that the corresponding glycosyl, trehalose, reduces the transmission of Zika virus (ZIKV). We also sought to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying inhibition using the RNA isolation and reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) assay, and immunofluorescence assay and immunochemistry staining, in vitro. This is the first study to demonstrate the TML‐induced inhibition of DENV serotype 2 (DENV‐2) in a dose‐dependent manner. The inhibitory effects of TML in the pretreated, cotreated, and full‐treated groups were confirmed using time of addition assays. We determined that TML restricted viral binding, entry, replication, and release. We also confirmed the efficacy of TML against three clinical isolates of DENV serotypes 1, 3, and 4 (DENV‐1, DENV‐3, and DENV‐4). The findings obtained in this study identify TML as a promising candidate for the development of drugs to treat DENV infection.
Avoiding bias in estimates of population size for translocation management
Authors: Bickerton Katherine T. , Ewen John G. , Canessa Stefano , Cole Nik C. , Frost Fay , Mootoocurpen Rouben , McCrea Rachel
Published: September 2023

Mark–recapture surveys are commonly used to monitor translocated populations globally. Data gathered are then used to estimate demographic parameters, such as abundance and survival, using Jolly–Seber (JS) models. However, in translocated populations initial population size is known and failure to account for this may bias parameter estimates, which are important for informing conservation decisions during population establishment. Here, we provide methods to account for known initial population size in JS models by incorporating a separate component likelihood for translocated individuals, using a maximum‐likelihood estimation, with models that can be fitted using either R or MATLAB. We use simulated data and a case study of a threatened lizard species with low capture probability to demonstrate that unconstrained JS models may overestimate the size of translocated populations, especially in the early stages of post‐release monitoring. Our approach corrects this bias; we use our simulations to demonstrate that overestimates of population size between 78% and 130% can occur in the unconstrained JS models when the detection probability is below 0.3 compared to 1%–8.9% for our constrained model. Our case study did not show an overestimate; however accounting for the initial population size greatly reduced error in all parameter estimates and prevented boundary estimates. Adopting the corrected JS model for translocations will help managers to obtain more robust estimates of the population sizes of translocated animals, better informing future management including reinforcement decisions, and ultimately improving translocation success.
Fe3+‐ and Nb5+‐Substituted Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3: A Route toward Enhanced Ferroelectric Photovoltaic Response in Al/NBFNT/Ag Solar Cell through Reduced Bandgap and Controlled Oxygen Vacancy
Authors: Venkidu L. , Raja N. , Ruth D. E. Jain , Rashid A. , Giridharan N. V. , Sundarakannan B.
Published: September 2023

Bulk ferroelectrics hold tremendous potential for the rapidly growing field of photovoltaic applications due to the separation of charge carriers caused by polarization, resulting in a high photovoltage. However, the wider bandgap in ferroelectrics limits their photoresponse. Attempts to tune the bandgap degrade ferroelectric polarization, while increased oxygen vacancy (V) in oxide perovskite hinders electron conduction and undermines ferroelectricity. Therefore, controlling V and maintaining polarization in reduced bandgap ferroelectric photovoltaics remains challenging. To address this, aliovalent Fe3+ and Nb5+ are co‐substituted on the B‐site of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ceramics. Various techniques confirm the controlled V concentration, and UV‐absorption data reveal a reduction in bandgap energy from 3.01 to 2.38 eV through metal substitution. Density functional theory calculations identify a localized intermediate gap state within the bandgap, created by Fe–O hybridization, acting as a charge carrier scaffold and further reducing the bandgap energy to 2.47 eV. Remarkably, the Al/NBFNT75/Ag configuration achieves an augmented short‐circuit current density of 18.92 nA cm−2, while the open‐circuit voltage of the Al/NBFNT50/Ag device reaches 4.13 V. The resulting Al/NBFNT75/Ag device exhibits a maximum photovoltaic power density of 0.725 mW m−2 which is 9.5 times greater than Al/Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3/Ag. This approach successfully reduces V and achieves narrow bandgap conditions through suitable aliovalent substitution, leading to enhanced photovoltaic power, photosensing response, photoresponsivity, and specific detectivity.
Arts and culture in transformation: A critical analysis of the national plans for the European Recovery and Resilience Facility
Authors: Betzler Diana , Loots Ellen , Prokůpek Marek
Published: September 2023

The understanding of resilience, and how the ability to respond or adjust to new situations can be implemented and evaluated, gained prominence in public policy. This study examines how European Union (EU) member states plan to support cultural and creative sectors (CCSs) within the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) of the NextGenerationEU Program and how they plan the CCSs to contribute to the grand challenges of our time. Using mixed methods, it is found that the understanding of how structural deficiencies in CCSs can be addressed is not systematic and not all countries invest to make the cultural infrastructure more future‐proof. Neither the budgets nor the mode of resilience (absorption, adaptation, and transformation) exposed in the plans consistently correlates with how countries intend to address key impact pillars. Countries with larger CCSs are more prone to transformation. The theoretical contribution lies in the elaboration of the concept of “ex ante resilience.”
Hybrid Pelican and Archimedes optimization algorithm fostered energy aware task scheduling in heterogeneous virtualized cloud computing
Authors: S. Soundararajan , Shanmugam Vimal , D. Karunkuzhali , S. Pradeep Kumar
Published: September 2023

Energy reduction is a key issue of virtualized cloud computing (CC) schemes, because it provide significant benefits, like lower operating costs, improving system effectiveness, securing the environment. Energy‐efficient task scheduling is a feasible mode to attain these objectives. Nevertheless, it is difficult to match cloud resources to user requests in a way that improves performance while meeting a user‐defined deadline for energy consumption reduction. Therefore, hybrid Pelican and Archimedes optimization algorithm fostered energy‐aware task scheduling in heterogeneous virtualized cloud computing (TS‐HVCC‐Hyb‐POA‐AOA) is proposed in this article. A hybrid Pelican and Archimedes optimization algorithm (Hyb‐POA‐AOA) is used to lessen the task duration and the consumption of power in the cloud. For evaluation, the cloud environment uses the provided environment hybrid Pelican and Archimedes optimization algorithm for execute a few common workloads at the simulated data center. The performance metrics, like makespan right skewed analysis, makespan left skewed analysis, energy consumption right skewed analysis, energy consumption left skewed analysis, availability and resource utilization is considered. The performance of the proposed TS‐HVCC‐Hyb‐POA‐AOA method provides 23.69%, 29.50%, and 36.78% higher resource utilization; 38.23%, 31.35%, and 26.19% lower consumption of energy left skewed analysis and 34.52%, 30.28%, and 23.54% lower makespan for right skewed analysis compared with existing methods such as; task scheduling in heterogeneous cloud environment with gray wolf optimization algorithm (TS‐HVCC‐GWOA), hybrid whale optimization approach and differential evolution optimization for multiple objective virtual machine programming at cloud services (TS‐HVCC‐WOA), energy and performance planning in TasterkHeterek virtualized cloud computing using particle swarm optimization algorithm (TS‐HVCC‐PSOA).
Forecast combination puzzle in the HAR model
Authors: Clements Adam , Vasnev Andrey L
Published: September 2023

The heterogeneous autoregressive (HAR) model has become the benchmark model for predicting realized volatility, given its simplicity and consistent empirical performance. Many modifications and extensions to the original model have been proposed that often only provide incremental forecast improvements. In this paper, we take a step back and view the HAR model as a forecast combination that combines three predictors: previous day realization (or random walk forecast), previous week average, and previous month average. When applying the ordinary least squares (OLS) to combine the predictors, the HAR model uses optimal weights that are known to be problematic in the forecast combination literature. In fact, an average of simpler HAR‐style models, and a simple average forecast often outperforms the optimal combination in many empirical applications. We investigate the performance of these simple combination forecasts for the realized volatility of the Dow Jones Industrial Average equity index, and a sample of individual constituent stocks, as well as across a range of other assets, commodities, exchange rates, and a range of global equity market indices. In all cases, we find dramatic improvements in forecast accuracy across all horizons and different time periods. The combinations also perform well relative to the logarithmic form of the HAR model and when using a volatility timing strategy in portfolio allocation. Thisis the first time the forecast combination puzzle is identified in this context.
Characterizing camel milk constituents in the Sprague–Dawley rats' blood: A comparative profile with cow's milk attributes
Authors: Al‐Saffar Amal M. , Al‐Qattan Nadia Y. , Al‐Sughayer Mona A.
Published: September 2023

A comparative study of the hypoglycemic and hypotriglyceridemic effects of raw and pasteurized camel milk was conducted on the lipid profiles of six groups of male normal and diabetic Sprague–Dawley rats (age, 7–8 weeks, 5/group). The standard procedure to induce diabetes in rats was to administer a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg, body weight). Rats with fasting blood glucose levels higher than 250 mg/dL were considered diabetics. Raw and pasteurized camel milk reduced blood glucose and triacylglycerol (TAG) levels in diabetic rats. Raw camel milk showed no significant effect on low‐density blood and lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetic rats. Contrarily, pasteurized camel milk significantly increased high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetic rats. Comparative analysis revealed camel milk with higher levels of lactose, vitamin C, and mono‐unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and lower levels of fat, protein, ω6:ω3 PUFA (poly‐unsaturated fatty acids), and index of atherogenicity than cow's milk. Experiments with cow's milk on rats were not carried out because of their characterized inexplicable traits. This novel study suggests that camel milk can be substituted for diabetic patients in place of cow's milk, assuring no side effects besides their effective hypoglycemic and hypotriglyceridemic qualities.
Glycolysis regulation in tumor‐associated macrophages: Its role in tumor development and cancer treatment
Authors: Jiang Guangyi , Hong Junjie , Sun Lu , Wei Haibin , Gong Wangang , Wang Shu , Zhu Jianqing
Published: September 2023

Tumor‐associated macrophages constitute the main cell population in the tumor microenvironment and play a crucial role in regulating the microenvironment composition. Emerging evidence has revealed that the metabolic profile determines the tumor‐associated macrophage phenotype. Tumor‐associated macrophage function is highly dependent on glucose metabolism, with glycolysis being the major metabolic pathway. Recent reports have demonstrated diversity in glucose flux of tumor‐associated macrophages and complex substance communication with cancer cells. However, how the glucose flux in tumor‐associated macrophages connects with glycolysis to influence tumor progression and the tumor microenvironment is still obscure. Moreover, while the development of single‐cell sequencing technology allows a clearer and more accurate classification of tumor‐associated macrophages, the metabolic profiles of tumor‐associated macrophages from the perspective of single‐cell omics has not been well summarized. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on glucose metabolism in tumor‐associated macrophages and summarize the metabolic profiles of different tumor‐associated macrophage subtypes from the perspective of single‐cell omics. Additionally, we describe the current strategies targeting glycolysis in tumor‐associated macrophages for cancer therapy.
Are reduced fetal movements “merely” a maternal perception or truly a reflection of umbilical cord complications? A clinical trial
Authors: Cohen Gal , Pinchas‐Cohen Tally , Blickstein Ophir , Ben Zion Maya , Schreiber Hanoch , Biron‐Shental Tal , Shechter‐Maor Gil
Published: September 2023

Objective

To characterize obstetric outcomes and the association with umbilical cord (UC) complications among women complaining of reduced fetal movements (RFMs).

Methods

This retrospective cohort compared women with a perception of RFMs within 2 weeks prior to delivery with women who reported no changes in fetal movements in terms of maternal characteristics and neonatal outcomes. A primary outcome of UC complications at delivery was defined. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to identify independent associations with RFMs and UC complications.

Results

In all, 46 103 women were included, 2591 (5.6%) of whom reported RFMs and 43 512 (94.4%) in the control group. Compared with controls, the RFM group was more likely to be nulliparous (42.6% vs 32.2%, P < 0.001), smokers (6.4% vs 5.4%, P = 0.029), or obese (body mass index >30) (16.4% vs 11.6%, P < 0.001). They were also more likely to have an anterior placenta (56.2% vs 51.8%, P < 0.001) and poly/oligohydramnios (0.7% vs 0.4%, P = 0.015 and 3.6% vs 2.1%, P < 0.001, respectively). Induction of labor was more common in the RFM group (33.9% vs 19.7%, P < 0.001), as well as meconium (16.8% vs 15.0%, P = 0.026) and vacuum extractions (10.1% vs 8.0%, P < 0.001). Higher rates of stillbirth and the severe composite neonatal outcome were observed in the RFM group (1.5% vs 0.2%, P < 0.001 and 0.6% vs 0.3%, P = 0.010, respectively). The RFM group was characterized by higher rates of triple nuchal cord (P = 0.015), UC around body or neck (32.2% vs 29.6%, P = 0.010), and true knot (2.3% vs 1.4%, P = 0.002). Multivariable logistic regression found RFMs to be independently associated with triple nuchal cord and with a true cord knot. A sub‐analysis including only cases of stillbirth (n = 127) revealed even higher rates of UC complications: 7% of all stillbirths presented with a true cord knot (20% true knots were found in stillbirths preceded by RFMs vs 6.1% in stillbirth cases without RFMs). Additionally, 33.8% of all stillbirths presented with nuchal cord (40% preceded by RFMs vs 33.3% without RFMs).

Conclusions

RFMs are associated with increased risk of UC complications observed at delivery, as well as increased risk of stillbirth and neonatal adverse outcomes.
Loss of Panx1 function in zebrafish alters motor behavior in a lab‐on‐chip model of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Khalili Arezoo , Safarian Nickie , van Wijngaarden Ellen , Zoidl Georg S. , Zoidl Georg R. , Rezai Pouya
Published: September 2023

Pannexin 1 (Panx1) forms ATP‐permeable membrane channels that play roles in purinergic signaling in the nervous system. A link between Panx1 activity and neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD) has been suggested, but experimental evidence is limited. Here, a zebrafish model of PD was produced by exposing panx1a+/+ and panx1a−/− zebrafish larvae to 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA). Electrical stimulation in a microfluidic chip and quantitative real‐time‐qPCR of zebrafish larvae tested the role of Panx1 in both pathological and normal conditions. After 72‐h treatment with 6‐OHDA, the electric‐induced locomotor activity of 5 days post fertilization (5dpf) panx1a+/+ larvae were reduced, while the stimulus did not affect locomotor activity of age‐matched panx1a−/− larvae. A RT‐qPCR analysis showed an increase in the expression of genes that are functionally related to dopaminergic signaling, like the tyrosine hydroxylase (th2) and the leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (lrrk2). Extending the 6‐OHDA treatment duration to 120 h caused a significant reduction in the locomotor response of 7dpf panx1a−/− larvae compared to the untreated panx1a−/− group. The RT‐qPCR data showed a reduced expression of dopaminergic signaling genes in both genotypes. It was concluded that the absence of Panx1a channels compromised dopaminergic signaling in 6‐OHDA‐treated zebrafish larvae and that the increase in the expression of dopaminergic genes was transient, most likely due to a compensatory upregulation. We propose that zebrafish Panx1a models offer opportunities to shed light on PD's physiological and molecular basis. Panx1a might play a role on the progression of PD, and therefore deserves further investigation.
A liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method for comprehensive determination of metabolites in the purine pathway of rat plasma and its application in anti‐gout effects of Lycium ruthenicum Murr.
Authors: Jia Qiangqiang , Yang Zufan , Wang Qian , Yang Haishan , Tang Xiaofeng , Zhang Hongyang , Cao Lingling , Zhang Gong
Published: September 2023

It has been proved that purine metabolites are implicated in various biological syndromes and disorders. Therefore, the realization of panoramic detection of purine metabolites will be of great significance to the pathogenesis of purine metabolic disorders. In the present study, an ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the comprehensive quantification of purine metabolites in rat plasma. The 17 purine metabolites were separated and quantified in the short running time of 15 min. The proposed method was strictly validated by applying SeraSub solution as a matrix and proved to be linear (R2 ≥ 0.9944), accurate (the recoveries of all analytes ranged from 85.3% to 103.0%, with relative standard deviation values ≤ 9.3%), and precise (the intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were less than 10.8% and 12.4%, respectively). The method was then successfully applied to the qualification of the endogenous purine metabolites in acute gouty arthritis rats, as well as colchicine and anthocyanin‐intervened rats. Results showed that uric acid, xanthine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine were considered the key factors of acute gouty arthritis. The established method and measurement of purines in rat plasma might help the investigation of the action mechanisms between purine disorders and related diseases.
Biochar/sodium alginate mixed matrix membrane as adsorbent for in‐syringe solid‐phase extraction towards trace nitroimidazoles in water samples prior to ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry analysis
Authors: Zhang Hongyu , Zhang Sijia , Li Yingying , Li Lin , Hou Xiaohong
Published: September 2023

In the present work, the herb (Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf) residue, as an environmentally friendly and renewable biomass source, was converted into novel biochar. Biochar/sodium alginate mixed matrix membrane was fabricated. On this basis, a biochar/sodium alginate mixed matrix membrane‐based in‐syringe solid‐phase extraction was developed combined with ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry to determine nitroimidazoles in water samples. The factors including times of exaction, type, and volume of elution solvent, and sample solution pH were thoroughly optimized. Then the correlation coefficient was 0.9995–0.9997. The limit of detection of four analytes was between 0.006 and 0.014 ng/mL, and the recovery was between 79.02% and 99.1%. Consequently, the established method would provide a new perspective on monitoring nitroimidazoles in water samples.
High‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method for the analysis of N‐oleoyl glycine and N‐oleoyl alanine in brain and plasma
Authors: Karin Kimberly N. , Mustafa Mohammed A. , Lichtman Aron H. , Poklis Justin L.
Published: September 2023

Interest has increased in the role of N‐acyl amino acids in a variety of disease states and as potential pharmacotherapies. Recently, N‐oleoyl glycine and N‐oleoyl alanine have shown promise in reducing the rewarding effects of drugs of abuse and alleviating withdrawal signs in rodent models. Previously published methods for the quantitation of these analytes by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS) in tissue were part of extensive lipidomic panels which may result in limited sensitivity and selectivity and also reported low recovery. Presented is a method for the extraction and HPLC‐MS/MS analysis of N‐oleoyl glycine and N‐oleoyl alanine. The bias and precision of the assay were determined to be within ± 20%. The method was shown to be reliable and robust, with over 90% recovery for the low‐level analytes. Increasing concentrations of N‐oleoyl glycine and N‐oleoyl alanine were quantitated in mouse brain and plasma following exogenous administration. This method was developed to serve to support studies investigating the pharmacokinetics and involvement of N‐oleoyl glycine and N‐oleoyl alanine in drug dependence and other diseases.
Comparison Between Lung Ultrasonography Score in the Emergency Department and Clinical Outcomes of Patients With or With Suspected COVID‐19
Authors: Benchoufi Mehdi , Bokobza Jerôme , Chauvin Anthony , Dion Elisabeth , Baranne Marie‐Laure , Levan Fabien , Gautier Maxime , Cantin Delphine , d'Humières Thomas , Gil‐Jardiné Cédric , Benenati Sylvain , Orbelin Mathieu , Martinez Mikaël , Pierre‐Kahn Nathalie , Diallo Abdourahmane , Vicaut Eric , Bourrier Pierre
Published: September 2023

Objective

Chest CT is the reference test for assessing pulmonary injury in suspected or diagnosed COVID‐19 with signs of clinical severity. This study aimed to evaluate the association of a lung ultrasonography score and unfavorable clinical evolution at 28 days.

Methods

The eChoVid is a multicentric study based on routinely collected data that was conducted in 8 emergency units in France; patients were included between March 19, 2020 and April 28, 2020 and underwent lung ultrasonography, a short clinical assessment by 2 emergency physicians blinded to each other's assessment, and chest CT. Lung ultrasonography consisted of scoring lesions from 0 to 3 in 8 chest zones, thus defining a global score (GS) of severity from 0 to 24. The primary outcome was the association of lung damage severity as assessed by the GS at day 0 and patient status at 28 days. Secondary outcomes were comparing the performance between GS and CT scan and the performance between a new trainee physician and an ultrasonography expert in scores.

Results

For the 328 patients analyzed, the GS showed good performance in predicting clinical worsening at 28 days (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.83, sensitivity 84.2%, specificity 76.4%). The GS showed good performance in predicting the CT severity assessment (AUC 0.84, sensitivity 77.2%, specificity 83.7%).

Conclusion

A lung ultrasonography GS is a simple tool that can be used in the emergency department to predict unfavorable assessment at 28 days in patients with COVID‐19.
When and why signaling frontline employee inexperience can prove to be an asset: Effects on consumer forgiveness for service failure
Authors: Flacandji Michaël , Cusin Julien , Lunardo Renaud
Published: September 2023

The extant literature on service failure focuses mainly on how to recover from such incidents. However, companies can act before a service failure occurs to mitigate its negative effects. Building on signaling theory, we adopt a mixed‐method approach based on five studies using different types of analyses (textual and content analysis, and multivariate analysis) to investigate the effect of signaling frontline employee inexperience on customer responses to service failure due to an error committed by an employee. Five studies provide evidence that highlighting inexperience—either informally (through a conversation) or formally (through an in‐training badge)—can act as a signal that prompts customers to be more forgiving toward frontline employees, and such consumer forgiveness then serves as an underlying mechanism to explain repatronage intention. This research also tests and explores the boundary conditions for the effectiveness of the inexperience signal. Our findings have various implications for professionals showing how useful it can be to signal the inexperience of a frontline employee who makes an error that leads to a service failure to be given a second chance, and how certain precautions should be taken to avoid the pitfalls of such a signaling strategy.
Eye tracking may aid in autism diagnosis in young children
Authors: Canady Valerie A.
Published: September 2023

An eye‐tracking device that measures social‐visual engagement (how children look at and learn from their surrounding social environment) may help to predict autism in children at risk for the disorder, according to a study published in JAMA, the American Psychiatric Association's Psychiatric News alert reported on Aug. 28.
Supercharged deep inferior epigastric perforator flap for reconstruction of soft tissue defect after excision of giant invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the thigh in a refractory diabetic with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection
Authors: Malkoc Aldin , Landau Mark Jonathan , Hodgkin Savannah , Leong Darren Sze Mynn , Johna Samir Dankha , Chang Walter Ting‐Yu
Published: September 2023

Patients with large defects after oncologic surgery often require enhanced surgical planning to optimize reconstructive outcomes. As such, medically complex patients require innovative solutions when utilizing abdominal flaps due to concern for ischemia of the distal tissue. Vascular augmentations, such as supercharging or turbocharging, serve to increase perfusion in these medical complex patients to ensure flap survival. In this report, we highlight the use of a supercharged bilateral pedicled deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap in a patient with a 231 cm2 thigh defect in the setting of uncontrolled diabetes. A 57‐year‐old male with poorly‐controlled diabetes (blood sugar prior to surgery 510 mg/dL) and iron deficiency anemia presented with a two‐year history of a large nonmetastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) measuring 19 × 9 cm2 on the right thigh. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography and biopsies of the right retroperitoneal and inguinal lymph nodes diagnosed the mass as Stage 3 localized SCC. After excision, we performed immediate reconstruction of the resultant defect with a supercharged bilateral pedicled DIEP flap. The flap was pedicled on the ipsilateral DIEP and the contralateral perforator was anastomosed to the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery (DLCFA) at the inferior aspect of the defect. A venous coupler was used for the veins and the arteries were hand‐sewn in end‐to‐end fashion. The supercharged bilateral pedicled DIEP flap was utilized for enhanced augmented perfusion to the distal edge of the pedicled flap in a high‐risk patient. The patient's clinical course was complicated by a Pseudomonas infection of a small hematoma requiring operative washout and debridement of necrotic fat. However, the flap survived and covered the defect completely. The patient required outpatient antibiotics for the Pseudomonas infection which resolved completely without further need for operative intervention. At 6‐month follow up, the reconstruction was stable with no tumor recurrence on clinical exam. Our results suggest that a supercharged pedicled DIEP flap may be a viable option for large defects of the thigh and can may be utilized in medically complex patients with poor capacity for wound healing.
The role of beliefs in teacher candidates' development of self‐regulated learning promoting practices
Authors: Brenner Charlotte A.
Published: September 2023

Self‐regulated learning (SRL)‐promoting practices enhance students' positive academic, social, and emotional development. While effective, these practices are complex and often difficult for teacher candidates (TCs) to learn and implement. This theoretical review presents the benefits and challenges of SRL‐promoting practices and examines how TCs' beliefs about SRL are implicated in their development and implementation of these practices. Conditions within teacher education programs that attend to TCs' beliefs about these practices are examined and suggestions are provided for further research in the area of TCs' beliefs and their development of teaching practices that promote SRL.
Co‐Ni/MOF‐74 catalyst packed‐bed DBD plasma for ammonia synthesis
Authors: Liu Yang , Xu Xiaofang , Song Qinlong , Guo Zihan , Wu Xuan , Chen Chongchong , Chen Qiang , Zhang Haibao
Published: September 2023

Nonthermal plasma (NTP) provides a potential and sustainable route for the synthesis of ammonia. In this work, a Co–Ni/MOF‐74 catalyst was developed to synthesize ammonia from N2 and H2 in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma at low temperature and atmospheric pressure. Co–Ni/MOF‐74 showed the highest ammonia synthesis rate up to 2608.70 μmol g−1 h−1 at 200°C, with V(N2):V(H2) ratio of 1:1 and specific energy input of 33.27 kJ L−1. The catalytic activity was increased by 19.57% for Co–Ni/MCM‐41 and 375% for Co‐Ni/Al2O3, respectively. It was observed that the average electric field (E) and power efficiency were enhanced while adding Co–Ni/MOF‐74 to the reaction system.
Can socialized pest control service reduce the intensity of pesticide use? Evidence from rice farmers in China
Authors: Yan Aqian , Luo Xiaofeng , Tang Lin , Huang Yanzhong , Du Sanxia
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Although a great deal of research has examined the impact of socialized pest control service, few studies have discussed the relationship between socialized pest control service and pesticide use intensity. In particular, the literature ignores the impact of advanced application technologies (drone sprayers) on the intensity of pesticide use by farmers.

RESULTS

Based on a survey of 1185 rice growers in Hubei Province, China, this study found that 64.13% of the sample farmers used pesticides more than three times in one rice season. Importantly, socialized pest control services have a significant negative effect on the pesticide use intensity of farmers. Compared to the sample that did not purchase the service, farmers who purchased socialized pest control services demonstrated 9.30% less pesticide intensity. Further, there was a significant difference among farmers using different application devices on pesticide use intensity. Compared to the sample using ground backpack sprayers, farmers using drone sprayers used 12.40% less pesticide intensity.

CONCLUSION

This study found that the frequency of pesticide use by farmers during rice cultivation was generally high. Socialized pest control services have played a positive role in reducing the intensity of pesticide use, especially with the more obvious pesticide reduction effect of the adoption of drone sprayers. Therefore, improving socialized pest control services and promoting advanced equipment such as drone sprayers may be an important way to reduce the use of pesticides in China. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effect of Redox Additive in Aqueous Electrolyte for Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications of A and B Site Ordered LaCaCoCrO6 Double Perovskite
Authors: Nagpal Deeksha , Singh Anup , Vasishth Ajay , Singh Ranbir , Kumar Ashok
Published: September 2023

The surge in demand for energy storage devices has increased research interest in electrochemical energy storage. Herein, a novel LaCaCoCrO6 double perovskite using a one‐step hydrothermal process for energy storage applications is synthesized. X‐ray diffraction analysis confirms the pure orthorhombic phase of A and B site ordered LaCaCoCrO6 with Pbnm symmetry. Scanning and transmission microscopy images reveal that the synthesized material forms spheres composed of nanocrystallite aggregates. The electrochemical analysis reveals the faradaic redox behavior of LaCaCoCrO6 in redox additive electrolyte and 6 m KOH aqueous electrolyte, with a specific capacitance of ≈511 and ≈114 F g−1, respectively, at 2 A g−1. As compared to the conventional KOH electrolyte, the value of specific capacitance is substantially improved. These findings suggest that LaCaCoCrO6 has the potential as an electrode material for the development of efficient and reliable energy storage devices.
A Sensitive Fluorescence Probe for the Trace Detection of Fe(III) Based on a Post‐Synthesis‐Modified Copper‐Based Metal‐Organic Framework
Authors: Pamei Mala , Achumi Abel G , Puzari Amrit
Published: September 2023

This work presents the generation of a post‐synthetically modified Metal‐Organic Framework (MOF), denoted as Cu‐BDC‐NH2‐DHB, achieved through a Schiff‐base reaction by converting the pendant amino group in pristine Cu‐BDC‐NH2 MOF to an imine group using 3,4‐dihydroxybenzaldehyde (DHB). The resulting material exhibited exceptional luminescence and fluorescence stability in water, prompting investigation into its potential as a metal sensor. Fluorescence tests revealed that Cu‐BDC‐NH2‐DHB could be transformed into a highly selective and sensitive sensor for detecting Fe3+ ions amid co‐interfering metal ions, with a remarkable detection limit of 3.08 μM. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that Fe3+ induced a rapid and strong quenching effect, with a reaction time measured in seconds. This research provides a promising technique for the facile and immediate detection of Fe3+ ions in practical applications.
Anti‐Epileptic Drug‐Lipid Conjugates for Delivery to the Brain: In Silico ADMET Prediction, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Athalye Mansi , Teli Divya , Sharma Abhilasha , Patel Mrunali
Published: September 2023

Neurological disease epilepsy has unfortunately become widespread, affecting around 50 million individuals worldwide. Levetiracetam (LVM) is a newer‐generation drug but its hydrophilic nature restricts its BBB (blood‐brain barrier) permeability. This results in increased dose, dosing frequency, and side effects. Therefore, different lipid‐drug conjugates (LDCs) were studied to identify the compound capable of BBB permeation. The binding potential of LDCs with human brain fatty‐acid binding protein (HBFABP) (PDB id: 1FDQ) was determined by molecular docking through extra‐precision (XP) algorithm of Maestro. In simulations, OPLS3e force field was applied. The ADMET prediction was performed by QikProp and pkCSM web tool. The selected compounds were investigated for LDC‐BFABP complex stability through molecular dynamics (MD) study. All compounds indicated good pharmacokinetic profiles. The LVM‐palmitic acid and LVM‐stearic acid conjugates indicated higher docking scores and greater stability than LVM alone. Thus, they can be selected as potential molecules for further drug development to obtain clinically useful LDC for treatment of CNS disorder.
Guiding the Path to Healing: CuO2‐Laden Nanocomposite Membrane for Diabetic Wound Treatment
Authors: Qi Lin , Huang Yong , Sun Dan , Liu Zheng , Jiang Yulin , Liu Jiangshan , Wang Jing , Liu Limin , Feng Ganjun , Li Yubao , Zhang Li
Published: September 2023

Diabetic chronic wounds pose significant clinical challenges due to their characteristic features of impaired extracellular matrix (ECM) function, diminished angiogenesis, chronic inflammation, and increased susceptibility to infection. To tackle these challenges and provide a comprehensive therapeutic approach for diabetic wounds, the first coaxial electrospun nanocomposite membrane is developed that incorporates multifunctional copper peroxide nanoparticles (n‐CuO2). The membrane's nanofiber possesses a unique “core/sheath” structure consisting of n‐CuO2+PVP (Polyvinylpyrrolidone)/PCL (Polycaprolactone) composite sheath and a PCL core. When exposed to the wound's moist environment, PVP within the sheath gradually disintegrates, releasing the embedded n‐CuO2. Under a weakly acidic microenvironment (typically diabetic and infected wounds), n‐CuO2 decomposes to release H2O2 and Cu2+ ions and subsequently produce ·OH through chemodynamic reactions. This enables the anti‐bacterial activity mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), suppressing the inflammation while enhancing angiogenesis. At the same time, the dissolution of PVP unveils unique nano‐grooved surface patterns on the nanofibers, providing desirable cell‐guiding function required for accelerated skin regeneration. Through meticulous material selection and design, this study pioneers the development of functional nanocomposites for multi‐modal wound therapy, which holds great promise in guiding the path to healing for diabetic wounds.
Nonmetallic‐Bonding Fe–Mn Diatomic Pairs Anchored on Hollow Carbonaceous Nanodisks for High‐Performance Li–S Battery
Authors: Zhang Tengfei , Luo Dengfeng , Xiao Hong , Liang Xiao , Zhang Fanchao , Zhuang Huifeng , Xu Mengyuan , Dai Wenjing , Qi Shuanhu , Zheng Lirong , Gao Qiuming
Published: September 2023

The issues of polysulfide shuttling and lethargic sulfur redox reaction (SROR) kinetics are the toughest obstacles of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery. Herein, integrating the merits of increased density of metal sites and synergistic catalytic effect, a unique single‐atom catalyst (SAC) with nonmetallic‐bonding Fe–Mn diatomic pairs anchored on hollow nitrogen‐doped carbonaceous nanodisk (denoted as FeMnDA@NC) is successfully constructed and well characterized by aberration‐corrected high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, etc. Density functional theory calculation indicates that the Fe–Mn diatomic pairs can effectively inhibit the shuttle effect by enhancing the adsorption ability retarding the polysulfide migration and accelerate the SROR kinetics. As a result, the Li–S battery assembled with FeMnDA@NC modified separator possesses an excellent electrochemical performance with ultrahigh specific capacities of 1419 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and 885 mAh g−1 at 3.0 C, respectively. An outstanding specific capacity of 1165 mAh g−1 is achieved at 1.0 C and maintains at 731 mAh g−1 after 700 cycles. Notably, the assembled Li–S battery with a high sulfur loading of 5.35 mg cm−2 harvests a practical areal capacity of 5.70 mAh cm−2 at 0.2 C. A new perspective is offered here to construct advanced SACs suitable for the Li–S battery.
Germanium Selenide: A Critical Review on Recent Advances in Material Development for Photovoltaic and Photoelectrochemical Water‐Splitting Applications
Authors: Kamble Girish U. , Shin Seung Wook , Park Sang Woo , Gaikwad Mayur A. , Karade Vijay C. , Jang Jun Sung , Park Youseong , Ghorpade Uma V. , Suryawanshi Mahesh P. , Kim Jin Hyeok
Published: September 2023

Germanium selenide (GeSe), a new 2D semiconductor material, is an attractive material due to its excellent optoelectronic properties, which hold tremendous promise in a wide range of applications, including thin‐film solar cells (TFSCs) and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. Several attempts have been made to date in theoretical studies, high‐quality GeSe material synthesis, evaluating absorber properties, and developing efficient TFSCs and PEC devices. Using existing device topologies for chalcogenide materials, TFSCs with 5.2% efficiency and a PEC device with 3.17% solar‐to‐hydrogen efficiency have been recently developed. To enable its potential in high performances of TFSCs and PEC devices for future large‐scale applications, further improvement in materials quality, device design, and development is required. In this regard, this review provides a comprehensive overview of current advances made in GeSe material development and applications in TFSCs and PEC devices. First, the fundamental properties of GeSe material, theoretical studies, as well as in‐depth synthesis methods, are outlined. Then, key developments in GeSe‐based TFSCs and PEC devices are discussed with an emphasis on device designs. Finally, the most prominent impediments to a fundamental understanding of materials are highlighted, and perspectives on future research directions for improving material quality and device efficiency are provided.