bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Research Transparency and Openness in Communication Sciences and Disorders Journals
Authors: Schroeder Scott R. , Gaeta Laura , El Amin Mariam , Chow Jason C. , Borders James C.
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

To improve the credibility, reproducibility, and clinical utility of research findings, many scientific fields are implementing transparent and open research practices. Such open science practices include researchers making their data publicly available and preregistering their hypotheses and analyses. A way to enhance the adoption of open science practices is for journals to encourage or require submitting authors to participate in such practices. Accordingly, the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's Journals Program has recently announced their intention to promote open science practices. Here, we quantitatively assess the extent to which several journals in communication sciences and disorders (CSD) encourage or require participation in several open science practices by using the Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) Factor metric.

Method:

TOP Factors were assessed for 34 CSD journals, as well as several journals in related fields. TOP Factors measure the level of implementation across 10 open science–related practices (e.g., data transparency, analysis plan preregistration, and replication) for a total possible score of 29 points.

Results:

Collectively, CSD journals had very low TOP Factors (
M
= 1.4, range: 0–8). The related fields of Psychology (
M
= 4.0), Rehabilitation (
M
= 3.2), Linguistics (
M
= 1.7), and Education (
M
= 1.6) also had low scores, though Psychology and Rehabilitation had higher scores than CSD.

Conclusion:

CSD journals currently have low levels of encouraging or requiring participation in open science practices, which may impede adoption.

Open Science Form:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21699458
Air–ground trajectory tracking for autonomous mobile robot based on model predictive hybrid tracking control and multiple harmonics time‐varying disturbance observer
Authors: Xiong Shixun , Chen Mengting , Wei ZiQiang , Jiang Linghai
Published: December 2022

This paper studies a model predictive hybrid tracking control scheme under a multiple harmonics time‐varying disturbance observer for a discrete‐time dynamics nonholonomic autonomous mobile robot (AMR) with disturbance. To solve the robust tracking control problem of the AMR and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) air–ground cooperative, a hybrid tracking control strategy combined with improved model predictive control (MPC) method is presented. First, a time‐varying air‐ground cooperative tracking control model based on the nonholonomic constraints AMR and UAV is established by polar coordinate transformation. Second, to estimate disturbances of the time‐varying model, a multiple harmonics disturbance observer with time‐varying gains is designed. A hybrid tracking control scheme for the AMR based on the estimated states and MPC method with relaxing factor and kinematics constraints is proposed. Finally, experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
Discovery of Variscan orogenic peridotites in the Pelvoux Massif (Western Alps, France)
Authors: Jacob Jean-Baptiste , Janots Emilie , Cordier Carole , Guillot Stéphane
Published: December 2022

Small bodies of mantle-derived peridotites and other ultramafic rocks are commonly found in exhumed lower crustal units of collisional orogens. They provide a direct record of the complex evolution of the upper mantle before and during an orogeny, and are therefore key markers of the geodynamic evolution of an orogen. We report here the discovery of such mantle-derived peridotites, which occur as fragmented enclaves in migmatites of the high-grade Variscan lower crust exposed in the Pelvoux Massif (external Western Alps). A wide petrographic diversity has been observed, from very fertile, garnet-bearing lherzolites, to more depleted spinel/chromite-bearing harzburgites. Thermobarometric calculations on a garnet lherzolite indicate an initial stage at 3.0–4.0 GPa and 970–1140 °C, followed by exhumation to 0.8–1.3 GPa and 800–850 °C, while the harzburgites do not show any evidence of equilibration in the garnet field. Petrological observations, whole-rock geochemistry and in situ mineral compositions suggest the peridotites have undergone a complex history prior to their incorporation in the lower crust during the Variscan Orogeny. They derive from a refractory mantle, which has experienced variable degrees of melt depletion, and has then been extensively refertilized. Cryptic metasomatism is observed in all samples. It is characterized by an enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements (LILE, in particular Cs, Rb, U and Pb) relative to high field strength elements (HFSE), in particular Nb and Ta. This cryptic metasomatism is presumably related to percolation of subduction-related fluids or melts in the mantle. In addition, modal metasomatism occurred in some samples, where crystallization of phlogopite, pargasite, chromite and apatite has been observed. This modal metasomatism resulted in significant enrichment in K2O, P2O5 and Cr2O3 of the bulk rock, together with a strong enrichment in incompatible LREE relative to HREE. These geochemical characteristics are strikingly similar to that of syn-collisional, Mg–Cr–LILE rich mantle-derived (ultra)-potassic magmas such as durbachites and vaugnerites, which are ubiquitous in the Variscan metamorphic allochthons of Massif Central, external Alps, Vosges and Bohemian Massif. We therefore suggest that this metasomatism results from dynamic percolation of the peridotites by K2O–P2O5–Cr2O3-rich melts from which the durbachites and vaugnerites are primarily derived. These geochemical characteristics are in line with whole-rock Nd isotopic compositions, which indicate enrichment of the mantle by a continental crust component, presumably related to Variscan subductions. This evolution is consistent with that of other Variscan peridotites in the Eastern Alps (Ulten) and the Bohemian Massif, where multiple metasomatic episodes related to melts or fluids released in Variscan subduction zones have been documented.
Modelling of the long-term evolution and performance of engineered barrier system
Authors: Claret Francis , Dauzeres Alexandre , Jacques Diederik , Sellin Patrik , Cochepin Benoit , De Windt Laurent , Garibay-Rodriguez Jaime , Govaerts Joan , Leupin Olivier , Mon Lopez Alba , Montenegro Luis , Montoya Vanessa , Prasianakis Nikolaos I. , Samper Javier , Talandier Jean
Published: December 2022

Components of the so-called “multiple-barrier system” from the waste form to the biosphere include a combination of waste containers, engineered barriers, and natural barriers. The Engineered Barrier System (EBS) is crucial for containment and isolation in a radioactive waste disposal system. The number, types, and assigned safety functions of the various engineered barriers depend on the chosen repository concept, the waste form, the radionuclides waste inventory, the selected host rock, and the hydrogeological and geochemical settings of the repository site, among others. EBS properties will evolve with time in response to the thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, radiological, and chemical gradients and interactions between the various constituents of the barriers and the host rock. Therefore, assessing how these properties evolve over long time frames is highly relevant for evaluating the performance of a repository system and safety function evaluations in a safety case. For this purpose, mechanistic numerical models are increasingly used. Such models provide an excellent way for integrating into a coherent framework a scientific understanding of coupled processes and their consequences on different properties of the materials in the EBS. Their development and validation are supported by R&D actions at the European level. For example, within the HORIZON 2020 project BEACON (Bentonite mechanical evolution), the development, test, and validation of numerical models against experimental results have been carried out in order to predict the evolution of the hydromechanical properties of bentonite during the saturation process. Also, in relation to the coupling with mechanics, WP16 MAGIC (chemo Mechanical AGIng of Cementitious materials) of the EURAD Joint Programming Initiative focuses on multi-scale chemo-mechanical modeling of cementitious-based materials that evolve under chemical perturbation. Integration of chemical evolution in models of varying complexity is a major issue tackled in the WP2 ACED (Assessment of Chemical Evolution of ILW and HLW Disposal cells) of EURAD. WP4 DONUT (Development and improvement of numerical methods and tools for modeling coupled processes) of EURAD aims at developing and improving numerical models and tools to integrate more complexity and coupling between processes. The combined progress of those projects at a pan-European level definitively improves the understanding of and the capabilities for assessing the long-term evolution of engineered barrier systems.
A Software Development Lifecycle Case Study on: Diet Recommendation System based on User Activities
Authors: Jadhav Swati , Shinde Sandip , Ghuge Vivek , Godse Divija , Golsangi Mitrajeet , Harne Pravin
Published: December 2022

This paper focuses on the methods of software engineering which can be helpful to various people working on huge projects with teams. This paper considers diet application as a case study. The main aim of the proposed system (diet application) is to give its users a healthy and balanced diet. The application is made in Flutter to ensure it reaches most of the audience and maximum people can receive its benefits. This paper is mostly based on the process used to create the application and all the views, processes, and architecture of the same. Some of the methods which are mentioned in the paper are the implementation of product backlog for the proposed system in association with a planning poker activity. The paper also has various Unified Modelling Language (UML) views in order to explain the design, implementation, use case and deployment of the proposed system.
Observer-Based Quadrature Signal Generator for UPQC in a Single-Phase Distribution System
Authors: Pradeep Kandukuri , Kumar K. Vinay
Published: December 2022

This paper presents a control algorithm for generation of reference voltage and current based on Observerbased QSG (Quadrature Signal Generator) for UPQC (Unified Power Quality Conditioner) in a Single-Phase Distribution System. The proposed UPQC is a combination of DSTATCOM and DVR used for load and source compensation such as voltage sag and swell, voltage and current harmonics etc. The proposed control algorithm is capable of generating reference signals from the distorted voltages and currents. In this paper, an improved OQSGbased PLL (Phase-Locked Loop) is utilized over OQSG to enable and operate with increased bandwidths that will improve the dynamic response, tracking accuracy and faster detection of reference signal under all varying load and grid conditions. The control algorithm is tested and evaluated using MATLAB / Simulink.
The influence of sedation and general anesthesia to patients' psycho-emotional status undergoing wisdom teeth extraction: a pilot clinical trial
Authors: Astramskaite-Januseviciene Inesa , Petronis Zygimantas , Juodzbalys Gintaras
Published: December 2022

Background:Patients usually face negative psycho-emotional status during teeth extraction, therefore sedation and general anesthesia are often selected for wisdom teeth extractions. The aim of this study is to evaluate the difference between sedation and general anesthesia patients' psycho-emotional status and pain, using Universal Scale in Oral Surgery for Psycho-Emotional Rating (USOS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Modified Corah's Dental Anxiety scale (MDAS).Methods:In the period of 10/21/2019–01/31/2020 a prospective control study was held of adult patients for extraction of four wisdom teeth with sedation or general anesthesia. Patients were evaluated using self-reported questionnaires and physician questionnaire.Results:In total 53 patients were included in study: 43 in the sedation group (SG) and 10 in the general anesthesia group (GAG). Patients' psycho-emotional status was significantly (p< 0.05) more negative in both groups at the day of surgery than before it, but the difference of fear was higher in GAG (p< 0.05). Immediately after surgery GAG (3.80) felt statistically significantly (p< 0.05) more pain than SG (2.60).Conclusion:Sum of USOS, MDAS, dental fear data scores, pulse measurements directly correlated with time,i.e.statistics increased as surgery approached. The pain sensation differences were found only in the assessment immediately after surgery.
Kutane Zubildungen beim Rind – Diagnose, Therapie und Verlaufskontrolle in 7 Fällen
Authors: Frischkorn Marie , Fortelny Michael
Published: December 2022

Bei 2 Kälbern und 5 Kühen unterschiedlichen Alters wurden kutane Umfangsvermehrungen vorgefunden und die Verdachtsdiagnose Neoplasie gestellt. Alle Umfangsvermehrungen wurden unter Lokalanästhesie mit oder ohne Sedation exzidiert und histologisch untersucht. In 5 Fällen wurden gutartige Neoplasien nachgewiesen, in einem weiteren Fall lag eine Bindegewebsproliferation und in einem anderen eine pyogranulomatöse Entzündung vor. Alle Rinder konnten postoperativ noch zwischen 3 und 57 Monate wirtschaftlich genutzt werden
Implementation of the Aldrete score reduces recovery time after non-anesthesiologist-administered procedural sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy
Authors: Roelandt Philip , Haesaerts Rico , Demedts Ingrid , Bisschops Raf
Published: December 2022

Background and study aims Procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) by trained non-anesthesiologist physicians and/or nurses is often performed during endoscopic procedures. Discharge from the recovery area after monitored observation is frequently based on fixed time parameters or subjective clinical assessment. In this study, the effect of implementation of the Aldrete score on recovery time after procedural sedation was analyzed in a real-life setting.

Patients and methods A prospective observational study of patients undergoing procedural sedation and analgesia during gastroscopy, colonoscopy or endoscopic ultrasound was performed. All procedures were randomly included to represent a real-life situation with different endoscopists, recovery nurses, endoscopy systems and indications. After a first observation period, all endoscopy nurses were trained to implement the Aldrete score when discharging patients, followed by a second observation period.

Results During the first observation period, the average time spent in the recovery area was 59 ± 22 minutes after procedural sedation. After implementation of the Aldrete score, the recovery time decreased significantly to 47 ± 25 minutes (P < 0.01) with identical doses of procedural sedation and analgesia. The decrease in time was between 19 % and 35 % for the different endoscopic procedures.

Conclusions Implementation of the Aldrete score after procedural sedation and analgesia significantly reduces the time spent in the recovery area. The score can be used to safely implement a discharge policy that provides more efficient and standardized management for an endoscopy service.
App-basierte Systeme zur Ersthelfer-Alarmierung: Eine Einordnung in Datenschutz und rechtliche Aspekte der Anwendung
Authors: Elsner Christian , Wnent Jan , Radbruch Alexander , Becker Laura , Gross Benedict
Published: December 2022

Durch unverzüglich eingeleitete Wiederbelebungsmaßnahmen können Überlebensraten im Fall eines Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstands deutlich erhöht werden. Ersthelferalarmierungs-Apps benachrichtigen
per Smartphone-Ortung registrierte Personen, sodass sie Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahmen einleiten können, bis der reguläre Rettungsdienst eintrifft. In deutschen Leitstellen will man zwar zunehmend
derartige Anwendungen einsetzen, es bestehen aber häufig datenschutzrechtliche und insgesamt juristische Bedenken. Die Notwendigkeit der Berücksichtigung des Datenschutzes ergibt sich aus
der EU-Datenschutzgrundverordnung (DSGVO). Bei Gesundheitsdaten gelten zusätzlich zur allgemeinen Rechtfertigungspflicht für Datenverarbeitungen besonders strenge Regeln, die differenziert
zu betrachten sind, wenn ein Einverständnis aufgrund des betrachteten speziellen Notfall-Settings nicht möglich ist. Die Rechtfertigung der Verarbeitung kann sich in diesen Fällen aus Art. 6
Abs. 1 lit. c)–e) i. V. m. Art. 9 Abs. 2 lit. c) DSGVO ergeben. In diesem Feld fehlt bisher jedoch eine grundsätzliche Einordnung, wie man herstellerunabhängig und über einen „Datenschutz
durch Technikgestaltung“-Ansatz derartige Applikationen umsetzen kann.

Der Beitrag erörtert dazu jeweils mit juristischem Hintergrund, aber auch anhand einer praktischen Lösungsskizze die Aspekte der Ortung der Ersthelfer per App, die Übermittlung der
personenbezogenen Daten von Patienten an die Ersthelfer und die Rückübermittlung von Daten hinsichtlich des Einsatzes durch die Ersthelfer an die Leitstelle. Zudem wird auf die rechtliche
Stellung und die Haftbarkeit der freiwilligen Ersthelfer eingegangen.

In Summe kommen die Autoren zum Schluss, dass gegen die Ortung der Ersthelfer keine Bedenken bestehen, wenn sie mit deren Einwilligung, unter Beachtung des Grundsatzes der Datenminimierung
und dem Aspekt der Vergröberung geschieht und natürlich die technische Lösung professionell umgesetzt wird. Im Punkt der Übermittlung der personenbezogenen Daten von Patienten an die
Ersthelfer bestehen in Summe ebenfalls keine Bedenken, sofern auf den Anwendungsfall für besonders zeitkritische Notfälle geachtet wird. Auch die Rückübermittlung von Einsatzdaten durch den
Ersthelfer scheint möglich. Eine Strafbarkeit der Beteiligten nach § 203 StGB scheitert spätestens aufgrund des sog. „rechtfertigenden Notstandes“ nach § 34 StGB. Die vorliegende Arbeit ist
ein praktischer rechtlicher Leitfaden und kann Grundlage für eine Konzeption und Implementierung einer solchen Lösung sein.
Fit Accuracy of Complete Denture Base Fabricated by CAD/CAM Milling and 3D-Printing Methods
Authors: Charoenphol Kanyakorn , Peampring Chaimongkon
Published: December 2022

Objective Digital complete denture fabrication can be accomplished by either milling or three-dimensional (3D)-printing approach in which minimal distortion during processing contributes to effective denture base adaption, which leads to good denture retention. The purpose of this study was to compare the fit accuracy of milled and 3D-printed complete denture bases.

Materials and Methods The reference edentulous maxillary arch model was scanned to generate virtual denture bases using computer-aided manufacturing software that exports as standard tessellation language files. Denture bases were constructed using a milling and 3D-printing technique using digital light processing method (n = 10). Intaglio surfaces of denture bases were scanned and superimposed on the reference model. The fit accuracy was quantified as root mean square error and evaluated statistically using independent t-test comparisons with a significance level of 0.05.

Results Milled denture bases were significantly more accurate in adaptation than 3D-printed dentures in the overall intaglio area and primary bearing area of denture bases. 3D-printed denture bases demonstrated significantly greater accuracy in adaptation than milled denture bases in the peripheral/posterior palatal seal area.

Conclusion Milled denture bases fit better in the overall and primary stress-bearing areas than 3D-printed dentures, while 3D-printed dentures appeared more accurate in the peripheral seal area, which had a minor undercut that is not suitable for using milling technology.
Survival Rate of Atraumatic Restorative Treatment Restorations in Primary Posterior Teeth in Children with High Risk of Caries in the Republic of Kosovo—1-Year Follow-up
Authors: Prokshi Rina , Gjorgievska Elizabeta , Prokshi Brikena , Sopi Mirlinda , Sejdiu Miranda
Published: December 2022

Objective Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) may be beneficial for disadvantaged populations with no or limited access to dental services. This study aimed to evaluate the survival rate of single-surface ART restorations in primary posterior teeth in children with high caries risk.

Materials and Methods This study was conducted in six rural areas of the Republic of Kosovo, and 100 children aged 3 to 8 years participated in the study. Information was obtained from each parent/guardian regarding their children, such as sociodemographic characteristics, general health, dental history, dietary habits, oral hygiene, and fluoride exposure. The reduced Cariogram was used to estimate the risk of caries in the participants based on the seven factors specified in the program, and all the provided information were collected and entered in a computer program of the Cariogram. A pediatric dentist, accompanied by two assistants, performed 100 ART restorations in school settings using high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement (Fuji IX) following the nine steps of the ART procedure. The restorations were evaluated at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months using the ART restoration criteria.

Statistical Analysis Percentages, mean value, standard deviation, mean interquartile range, and difference test between arithmetic mean values were used to analyze the research results.

Results Review of the average of reduced Cariogram showed that the majority of children, 72%, were at high risk of developing caries, with only 28% having a good chance of avoiding caries in the future. A total of 77% of the children in the study had never visited dentists before due to poor economic conditions and the lack of dentists in the area. The success rates of ART restorations performed in single-surface cavities in primary teeth were very encouraging, with more than 97% success rates after a 1-year follow-up period.

Conclusion Our results demonstrate that ART is efficient, affordable, and practical for the treatment of single-surface cavities in primary posterior teeth. Owing to its low price and atraumatic nature, ART can potentially help disadvantaged children in Kosovo access dental care.
Cyclopenta[c]thiophene- and Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Red-Green-Blue Electrochromic Polymers
Authors: Debnath Sashi , Masilamani Ganesh , Agrawal Abhijeet , Kumar Neha Rani , Kumar Chandan , Zade Sanjio S. , Bedi Anjan
Published: December 2022

Cyclopenta[c]thiophene (CPT)-based polymers are potential candidates in organic electronics. Here, we report the first solution-processable red homopolymer (P1) of a thiophene-capped derivative of CPT (DHTCPT), and a blue homopolymer (P2) of N-substituted thienodiketopyrrolopyrrole (DEHTDPP). Additionally, by alternatingly copolymerizing the DHTCPT and DEHTDPP units, we achieved the green copolymer P3, thus completing the red-green-blue color wheels. We have shown experimentally and computationally (time-dependent density functional theory and natural bond orbital calculations) that P1 and P2 have very different optoelectronic features. However, in a donor–acceptor (D–A) copolymer P3, the optoelectronic properties have been tuned significantly to keep it in an intermediate range of P1 and P2. P2 and P3 absorb throughout the whole UV-vis range of the solar spectrum. Furthermore, all polymers showed electrochromism to switch colors between neutral and polaronic states in solution. For P1, the maximum optical contrast (%ΔT) was observed for the SOMO→LUMO transition, whereas P3 displayed the maximum %ΔT at the HOMO→LUMO transition.
Prevention of Migraine
Authors: Holdridge Ashley , Buczyner Jennifer , Aymat Cristina Cabret , Le Ariel
Published: December 2022

Migraine, a primary headache disorder is a chronic and complex neurological disease that affects millions of people worldwide, impacting their quality of life. It is one of the most common reasons why individuals seek the advice of their physician, and is one of the most common referrals seen in the offices of general neurologists and headache specialists. In the past decade, there has been robust research on not only the pathophysiology of migraine but in the efforts to treat and, importantly, prevent. The introduction of calcitonin gene related peptide antagonists (CGRP-A) have opened new doors for preventive treatment options. OnabotulinumtoxinA (BoNTA) has remained a staple in the treatment of chronic migraine with data emerging with combination therapy. Neurostimulation has offered additional nonpharmacologic approaches to migraine treatment. In addition to lifestyle and behavioral modifications, these have changed the landscape of migraine prevention.
Treatment Outcomes of Mechanical Thrombectomy in Patients with Acute Posterior Circulation Stroke
Authors: Sangpetngam Boonrerk , Maicharoen Suwit , Withayasuk Pattarawit , Churojana Anchalee , Chankaew Ekawut , Aurboonyawat Thaweesak , Roongsitthichai Atthaporn , Vongsfak Jirapong
Published: December 2022

Objective The benefits of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with acute posterior circulation stroke remain unclear. Currently, there is no evidence from randomized control trials to show the safety and effectiveness of MT in patients with posterior circulation stroke. This study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of MT in posterior circulation stroke patients enrolling in our hospital during 2010 to 2020.

Materials and Methods Between January 2010 and December 2020, 66 patients with acute posterior circulation stroke underwent MT. Data collected and analyzed included demographics, comorbidity, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), procedure time, site of occlusion, presence of posterior communicating artery (PCoA), endovascular technique, and modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Good clinical outcome was defined by mRS at 2 or less at 90 days after MT.

Statistical Analysis Variables with normal distribution were reported with mean ± standard deviation, meanwhile those with nonnormal distribution were demonstrated with median and range. Fisher's exact test for categorical variables or Mann–Whitney U test for continuous variables was performed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis with binary logistic regression method was used analyze the association between the prognosis factor and good outcome. Statistical significance was defined when p-value less than 0.05.

Results The mean age of patients was 65.2 years with male predominance. The median NIHSS was 18.5. Successful recanalization (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 2b-3) was achieved in 61/66 cases (92.42%) and postprocedure symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in 5/66 cases (7.60%). Successful recanalization with good clinical outcome was obtained from 30 of 61 cases (49.18%); it was also associated with distal basilar artery occlusion (p = 0.035) and PCoA patency presence (p = 0.024). Our study showed the correlation between good treatment outcomes with initial NIHSS less than 20, intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator, pre-MT magnetic resonance imaging Q5 brain, and contact aspiration MT technique.

Conclusion MT is beneficial to patients with posterior circulation stroke. A good clinical outcome was significantly associated with distal basilar artery occlusion and PCoA patency presence within a group of successful recanalization.
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in the Head and Neck: A Summary of Uses and Application Techniques
Authors: Liebman Robert Michael , Hanubal Krishna S. , Dziegielewski Peter T.
Published: December 2022

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has had an expanded role in the management of complex wounds including its increasing use for complex wounds in the head and neck region. Challenges for use in the head and neck region include variations in surface topography and the proximity of sensitive mouth, nose, ear, eye, and tracheal openings. Despite these challenges, NPWT has been used in the head and neck immediately following free flap surgery, to prepare wounds for skin grafting or local flaps, to treat orocutaneous and pharyngocutaneous fistulas, to treat necrotizing and deep neck space infections, to temporize and palliate, and to treat chronic wounds with exposed bone and hardware among others. This review demonstrates the proven track record of successful uses of NPWT in the aforementioned scenarios, provides suggestions to improve efficacy, as well as an algorithm for use in certain clinical situations.
Impact of two-child policy on female employment and corporate performance: Empirical evidence from Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2020
Authors: Leng Aolin , Kang Fuli
Published: December 2022

In 2013, the ‘Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Some Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening the Reform’ initiated the ‘selective two-child policy’, which allowed married couples to have two children if one of the parents was a single child. In the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 2015, a decision was made to implement the policy that a couple can have two children; in 2016, the universal two-child policy was fully implemented. This study used female employment data disclosed by Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2020, constructed a two-way fixed-effect model of time and industry, and empirically tested the impact of the two-child policy on female employment and corporate performance. The empirical test revealed that the higher the proportion of employed female workers, the better the firm’s performance. Expanding the scope of the two-child policy exhibited no reduction in the proportion of female employment, but weakened the positive effect of hiring female employees on corporate performance. Specifically, we found that firms with higher rates of female employment exhibit lower costs, and this low-cost effect disappears with the expansion of the scope of the second-child policy. This indicates that the economic benefits of female employment for firms result from wage discrimination. This study provides a theoretical and practical basis for safeguarding women’s reproductive and fair employment rights and promoting sustainable social development.
On the computational modeling, additive manufacturing, and testing of tube-networks TPMS-based graphene lattices and characterizing their multifunctional properties
Authors: Ashraf Juveiriah M. , Taher Somayya E. , Lee Dong-Wook , Liao Kin , Abu Al-Rub Rashid K.
Published: December 2022

Lattices based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMSs), which have been receiving increasing interest due to advances in additive manufacturing, are known now to be outperforming other cellular materials in several properties, enabling wider multifunctional applications. In this work, we focus on fabricating graphene TPMS lattices, viz., Gyroid, Schoen's I-WP (IWP), and Diamond, and investigate their multifunctional properties experimentally and computationally. The three-dimensional (3D) graphene structures were synthesized using a self-assembly hydrothermal-assisted dip-coating technique and the resulting lattices were tested for their mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties and compared to finite element simulation results. The graphene TPMS lattices resulting from the fabrication take the topology of a new class of TPMS architectures that are referred to here as the TPMS tube-networks. IWP demonstrated the highest elastic modulus as well as electrical and thermal conductivities. This study shows that 3D porous tube graphene can be utilized in designing new lightweight structural materials of low density with controllable thermal and electrical properties and mechanical strength with a potential to be employed in multifunctional engineering applications.
Verification, calibration, and validation of stall delay models using NREL phase VI and MEXICO data
Authors: Ouakki Yassine , Arbaoui Abdelaziz
Published: December 2022

An accurate estimation of rotational effects is critical during the preliminary design of wind turbines. For this purpose, different stall delay models were developed based on the centrifugal pumping mechanism. However, their generality is not yet thoroughly evaluated. In this work, we investigated the causal relationship between the radial flow, the pressure reduction, and forces augmentation. Three stall delay models, which represent different solutions of the centrifugal pumping mechanism, were verified and modified to accurately predict the radial flow, the pressure coefficient, and normal and tangential force coefficients. Then, the three modified stall delay models were calibrated using radial flow data available from the literature. Finally, they were validated against the experimental data of the NREL phase VI and MEXICO rotors. The results showed that the centrifugal pumping produces a small chordwise pressure gradient in the separated boundary layer, which produces a small augmentation in the normal and tangential force coefficients. In contrast, the measured pressure coefficient and the normal and tangential force coefficients showed a large augmentation compared to the three modified stall delay models. Consequently, the lack of generality of current stall delay models is mainly due to the centrifugal pumping assumption. Furthermore, the verification and calibration of these stall delay models allowed us to isolate large errors in the model's output due to the model's assumptions. Thus, the importance of a rigorous verification and calibration before performing the validation.
CNT/Cu composite cathode: A new approach to long lifetime for explosive emission cathode
Authors: Wu Ping , Yang Wenshu , Sun Jun , Wu Gaohui
Published: December 2022

Carbon nanotube (CNT) cathodes have attracted much attention in recent years due to the advantages of large field enhancement factor and low emission threshold. However, the severe ablation under intense emission makes the lifetime short and therefore limits the application in the field such as high power microwave generation. To resolve this problem, this paper proposes to mix CNTs with metals, and a novel CNT/Cu composite cathode is manufactured. The lifetime experiments under voltage of 940 kV and repetition frequency of 20 Hz demonstrate that the lifetime of the CNT/Cu composite cathode is over 3 × 105 pulses, which is much longer than that of the normal copper cathode by at least one order of magnitude. The microscopic morphology analysis reveals that the CNT micro-protrusions and whiskers should be vital for the good emission property of the new cathode.
Phase-field simulation of nonvolatile ferroelectric-domain-wall memory
Authors: Zhu Yankai , Bai Gang , Li Wei , Gao Cunfa
Published: December 2022

Ferroelectric domain walls differ in their electrical conductivity under different electric and elastic boundary conditions, and this performance can be used to design memories. A phase-field model is developed to explore the effect of elastic, temperature, and toroidal electric fields on the electrical conductivity for a prototype domain-wall memory unit embedded in a center-type quadrant topological domain structure. It shows that the toroidal electric field can switch two states of the domain wall with high and low conductivity repeatedly, and the conductivity can be tuned by the temperature, misfit strain, and thickness. This work might provide significant reference and technical guidance for the design and application of ferroelectric-domain-wall memory.
Vanishing space-charge effects in contact-limited thin-film diodes
Authors: Hlaing Htay , Park Joon Hyung , Kymissis Ioannis , Kim Chang-Hyun
Published: December 2022

Estimation of charge-carrier mobility and trap energy from a space-charge-limited-current measurement is a well-established technique for the characterization of electronic materials. However, classical solid-state theories referenced for parameter extraction are based on simplistic assumptions that may not be strictly valid for a new generation of devices from unconventional materials and processing. In this study, we show that contact-limited currents dominate the entire operating regime in thin-film or nanoscale diodes even at a small charge-injection barrier. This assessment can make many reported values and analysis routines debatable, because they do not generally take any contact effects into consideration. Physical origins of the validity problem and guidelines for holistic parameterization are detailed through systematic correlation of analytical models, numerical simulation, and an experimental investigation into an organic diode with a graphene contact.
A skyrmion helicity-based multistate memory in synthetic antiferromagnets
Authors: Yuan Yingyue , Zeng Zhaozhuo , Wang Jianing , Ma Yunxu , Zhang Senfu , Wei Jinwu , Wang Jianbo , Liu Qingfang
Published: December 2022

Skyrmions in synthetic antiferromagnets (SAFs) are famous for being immune to the skyrmion Hall effect and hold the advantages of significantly higher speed for motion and smaller size than ferromagnetic systems. Therefore, skyrmions in SAFs are promising in spintronic devices. Here, we investigated the formation and in-plane-current-driven motion of bilayer skyrmions in the absence of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction by using micromagnetic simulations. Then, we studied the spacing variation between consecutive skyrmionic bits on the antiferromagnetic coupled nanotrack; it is found that there is an equilibrium distance between two Bloch skyrmions with opposite helicities. We also propose a reasonable method to distinguish skyrmions with opposite helicities. Finally, we displayed that the SAF skyrmion could pass through impurities due to topological protection. Based on these results, we designed the skyrmion helicity-based multistate memory devices in the SAF system, which have the advantages of high density and energy efficiency.
Effects of heave motion of an elastically supported floating oscillating water column device on wave energy harvesting efficiency
Authors: Mia Mohammad Rashed , Zhao Ming , Wu Helen
Published: December 2022

The main aim of this paper is to analyze the effects of the heave motion of an elastically supported floating oscillating water column device (OWC) on wave energy harvesting efficiency through two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations. After the numerical model is validated using experimental data, it is used to analyze the effect of the natural frequency ratio on the hydrodynamic efficiency of the OWC. The natural frequency ratio is the ratio of the natural frequency to the wave frequency. The numerical results prove that the natural frequency ratio must be greater than 3 for achieving the best hydrodynamic efficiency. The best hydrodynamic efficiency decreases with the decrease in the natural frequency ratio when the latter is 3. If the natural frequency ratio is smaller than 3, both the amplitudes of wave surface elevation and the displacement of the OWC chamber increase but the harvested energy reduces because the relative motion of the wave surface and the OWC device is small. The energy dissipation due to vortices does not have a strong contribution to the reduction of energy at small natural frequencies.
The superiority and perspectives in single-atom site and multi-atom site catalysts for energy conversion
Authors: An Qizheng , Yang Chenyu , Xu Yanzhi , Yu Feifan , Jiang Jingjing , Gong Chen , Li Baojie , Zhang Jing , Liu Qinghua
Published: December 2022

Atomically dispersed metal catalysts have been a research hotspot in the field of nanocatalysis due to their unique advantages in recent years. The isolated single or few atoms can be anchored on supports via chemical bonding or space confinement to maximize atom utilization efficiency, reducing the use of metal resources while displaying distinguished catalytic performance. This perspective presents the latest advances in single-atom site catalysts (SACs) and multi-atom site catalysts (MACs), highlights their superiority, and discusses the current limitations as well as the outlooks facing their future development.
Distress vocalizations of young of the red kangaroo, Megaleia rufa (Marsupialia: Macropodidae).
Authors: Russell E. M. , Nicholls D. G.
Published: December 2022

Calls produced by two young red kangaroos (Megaleia rufa) when separated from their mothers at ages between 180 and 235 days have been recorded and analysed from sound spectrograms. The calls consist of repeated chirps each containing one or more pulses of short duration. The calls cover a frequency range from 0-8 KHz, but bands of greater amplitude are present. The physical features of the call suggest its function as a location call. Consistent differences, in number of pulses and duration of the call, between young suggest that the call may also allow individual recognition.
The bats of Lord Howe Island with the description of a new Nyctophiline bat.
Authors: McKean J. L.
Published: December 2022

Bat specimens known from Lord Howe Island are discussed. Eptesicus pumilus was formerly a resident species but is now believed extinct. Published reports of Scotophilus morio are thought to refer to Eptesicus pumilus. A fossil bat skull found in a cave is described as a new species, Nyctophilus howensis. It may have occurred in modern times.
Allogrooming in Macropus eugenii.
Authors: Giles D. C. , Russell E. M.
Published: December 2022

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New occurrence of Rattus lutreolus lacus (Rodentia, Muridae).
Authors: Taylor J. M.
Published: December 2022

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Evolution of the Macropodidae digestive system.
Authors: Hume I. D.
Published: December 2022

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G-banded chromosomes and the evolution of Macropodidae.
Authors: Rofe R. H.
Published: December 2022

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Reproduction and evolution in female Macropodidae.
Authors: Rose R. W.
Published: December 2022

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Distributions and habitats of Sminthopsis leucopus and S. murina (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae) in southeastern Australia.
Authors: Morton S. R. , Wainer J. W. , Thwaites T. P.
Published: December 2022

Criteria for separating the closely-related species Sminthopsis leucopus and S. murina were examined, and the distributions of the two forms across southeastern Australia were plotted. The ranges of the two species do not appear to overlap. S. leucopus is restricted to within 150 km of the coast in southern Victoria and southeastern New South Wales; S. murina replaces it to the north. The ranges of the two species may come into contact in southwestern and southcentral Victoria. The habitats of the two species in Victoria were compared. S. leucopus occurs in more heavily vegetated, wetter areas (vegetational cover of under- or mid-story usually greater than 50%) than does S. murina (vegetational cover usually less than 50%). These habitat preferences help to account for the specific distributions, and are interpreted in terms of the probable evolutionary history of the two forms.
The diet of the New Holland Mouse (Pseudomys novaehollandiae) and the House Mouse (Mus musculus} in a Victorian coastal heathland.
Authors: Cockburn A.
Published: December 2022

Diet of Pseudomys novaehollandiae and Mus musculus was studied at Reeves Beach, Victoria. The species showed dietary separation, P. novaehollandiae was granivorous, and M. musculus took a variety of foodstuffs, with insects as a staple. Mus may be excluded from the granivorous niche when Pseudomys is present, and is unlikely to influence the distribution of members of that genus in mesic environments.
The Honey Possum, Tarsipes spencerae (Marsupialia: Tarsipedidae): A non-seasonal breeder?
Authors: Scarlett G. , Woolley P. A.
Published: December 2022

Evidence that Tarsipes spencerae is a non-seasonal breeder has been obtained from a study of preserved specimens in the Western Australian Museum and males maintained in the laboratory. Examination of females with pouch young suggests that births occur throughout the year. Immature males have been collected throughout the year. No seasonal peaks in the size of the reproductive organs of adult males were found. It is suggested that the adult males may not all be fertile at the same time, and that the potential for breeding to occur throughout the year is related to food supply.
Records of Eptesicus vulturnus (Thomas)(Vespertilionidae: Chiroptera) from the Alice Springs area, Northern Territory.
Authors: Thompson B. G.
Published: December 2022

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First discovery of a species of the rare tube-nosed insectivorous bat (Murina) in Australia.
Authors: Richards G. C. , Hall L. H. , Helman P. M. , Churchill S. K.
Published: December 2022

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The Dibbler, Parantechinus apicalis (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae): failure to locate populations in four regions in the south of Western Australia.
Authors: Woolley P. A. , Valente A.
Published: December 2022

The Dibbler, Parantechinus apicalis, had not been seen for 83 years when it was found in 1967 at Cheyne Beach in the south of Western Australia. Nine Dibblers have been captured there, the last two in 1976. Further attempts to locate populations of the Dibbler at Cheyne Beach and in other regions by trapping and by using the technique of identification of hair in predator scats, have been unsuccessful.
Detection of oestrus in the kowari Dasyuroides byrnei (marsupialia: dasyuridae).
Authors: Close R. L.
Published: December 2022

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Insectivores and a bat from the early Oligocene Caijiachong Formation of Yunnan, China.
Authors: Rich T. H. V. , Zhang Yu-Ping , Hand S. J.
Published: December 2022

Two insectivores and a bat are among the mammals known from the early Oligocene Caijiachong Formation of Yunnan, China. One insectivore is a dormaaliid and, although not identifiable to genus, appears to be generically distinct from previously recorded Asian genera of the family, lctopidium and Tupaiodon. Likewise, the second insectivore, an erinaceid, appears to be generically distinct from all previously known Asian genera of that family. A single bat tooth from the Caijiachong Formation is now the oldest bat from China. Probably a vespertilionoid, its occurrence is concordant with the hypothesis that the superfamily reached all parts of Holarctica during the Paleogene.
Some aspects of predatory behaviour of the Quoll, Dasyurus viverrinus (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae).
Authors: Pellis S. M. , Nelson J. E.
Published: December 2022

Two captive-born, adult male Dasyurus viverrinus were given two categories of prey: smaii-(Mouse-)sized and large-(Rat-)sized vertebrates. A total of 58 encounters were recorded, 53 of which led to the prey being killed. Twenty-nine encounters were recorded with Super 8 cine film. Several behavioural patterns used to capture and kill prey were identified. Both the behavioural patterns themselves and their organization in a killing sequence exhibited considerable modifiability in response to stimulus characteristics of the prey (i.e. size and behaviour) and to specific circumstances arising in a given sequence. These observations suggest that D. viverrinus has a predatory capability in many respects comparable with similar-sized placental carnivores.
From garden to forest: small rodents and plant succession in Papua New Guinea.
Authors: Dwyer P. D.
Published: December 2022

The distribution of three species of Rattus, three of Melomys and one of Leptomys among habitats classed according to successional phase (i.e. garden to forest) was studied by trapping. Species were added progressively to the succession and, in broad outline, those that produced more young preceded those that produced less young. Melomys lutilIus and R . leucopus were restricted to areas of grassy regrowth and of low secondary growth (ca 10-12.5 yr) respectively. Other species remained in the assemblage from the successional phase at which they entered. All species had appeared within 20 yrs of the start of succession.