bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Carbon‐ and Binder‐Free Nanostructured Cathode for High‐Performance Nonaqueous Li‐O2 Battery
Authors: Chang Yueqi , Dong Shanmu , Ju Yuhang , Xiao Dongdong , Zhou Xinhong , Zhang Lixue , Chen Xiao , Shang Chaoqun , Gu Lin , Peng Zhangquan , Cui Guanglei
Published: June 2015

Operation of the nonaqueous Li–O2 battery critically relies on the reversible oxygen reduction/evolution reactions in the porous cathode. Carbon and polymeric binder, widely used for the construction of Li–O2 cathode, have recently been shown to decompose in the O2 environment and thus cannot sustain the desired battery reactions. Identifying stable cathode materials is thus a major current challenge that has motivated extensive search for noncarbonaceous alternatives. Here, RuOx/titanium nitride nanotube arrays (RuOx/TiN NTA) containing neither carbon nor binder are used as the cathode for nonaqueous Li–O2 batteries. The free standing TiN NTA electrode is more stable than carbon electrode, and possesses enhanced electronic conductivity compared to TiN nanoparticle bound with polytetrafluoroethylene due to a direct contact between TiN and Ti mesh substrate. RuOx is electrodeposited into TiN NTA to form a coaxial nanostructure, which can further promote the oxygen evolution reaction. This optimized monolithic electrode can avoid the side reaction arising from carbon material, which exhibits low overpotential and excellent cycle stability over 300 cycles. These results presented here demonstrate a highly effective carbon‐free cathode and further imply that the structure designing of cathode plays a critical role for improving the electrochemical performance of nonaqueous Li–O2 batteries.
Enhancing genomic laboratory reports from the patients' view: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Stuckey Heather , Williams Janet L. , Fan Audrey L. , Rahm Alanna Kulchak , Green Jamie , Feldman Lynn , Bonhag Michele , Zallen Doris T. , Segal Michael M. , Williams Marc S.
Published: June 2015

The purpose of this study was to develop a family genomic laboratory report designed to communicate genome sequencing results to parents of children who were participating in a whole genome sequencing clinical research study. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with parents of children who participated in a whole genome sequencing clinical research study to address the elements, language and format of a sample family‐directed genome laboratory report. The qualitative interviews were followed by two focus groups aimed at evaluating example presentations of information about prognosis and next steps related to the whole genome sequencing result. Three themes emerged from the qualitative data: (i) Parents described a continual search for valid information and resources regarding their child's condition, a need that prior reports did not meet for parents; (ii) Parents believed that the Family Report would help facilitate communication with physicians and family members; and (iii) Parents identified specific items they appreciated in a genomics Family Report: simplicity of language, logical flow, visual appeal, information on what to expect in the future and recommended next steps. Parents affirmed their desire for a family genomic results report designed for their use and reference. They articulated the need for clear, easy to understand language that provided information with temporal detail and specific recommendations regarding relevant findings consistent with that available to clinicians.
A genome‐wide approach to children's aggressive behavior: The EAGLE consortium
Authors: Pappa Irene , St Pourcain Beate , Benke Kelly , Cavadino Alana , Hakulinen Christian , Nivard Michel G. , Nolte Ilja M. , Tiesler Carla M. T. , Bakermans‐Kranenburg Marian J. , Davies Gareth E. , Evans David M. , Geoffroy Marie‐Claude , Grallert Harald , Groen‐Blokhuis Maria M. , Hudziak James J. , Kemp John P. , Keltikangas‐Järvinen Liisa , McMahon George , Mileva‐Seitz Viara R. , Motazedi Ehsan , Power Christine , Raitakari Olli T. , Ring Susan M. , Rivadeneira Fernando , Rodriguez Alina , Scheet Paul A. , Seppälä Ilkka , Snieder Harold , Standl Marie , Thiering Elisabeth , Timpson Nicholas J. , Veenstra René , Velders Fleur P. , Whitehouse Andrew J. O. , Smith George Davey , Heinrich Joachim , Hypponen Elina , Lehtimäki Terho , Middeldorp Christel M. , Oldehinkel Albertine J. , Pennell Craig E. , Boomsma Dorret I. , Tiemeier Henning
Published: June 2015

Individual differences in aggressive behavior emerge in early childhood and predict persisting behavioral problems and disorders. Studies of antisocial and severe aggression in adulthood indicate substantial underlying biology. However, little attention has been given to genome‐wide approaches of aggressive behavior in children. We analyzed data from nine population‐based studies and assessed aggressive behavior using well‐validated parent‐reported questionnaires. This is the largest sample exploring children's aggressive behavior to date (N = 18,988), with measures in two developmental stages (N = 15,668 early childhood and N = 16,311 middle childhood/early adolescence). First, we estimated the additive genetic variance of children's aggressive behavior based on genome‐wide SNP information, using genome‐wide complex trait analysis (GCTA). Second, genetic associations within each study were assessed using a quasi‐Poisson regression approach, capturing the highly right‐skewed distribution of aggressive behavior. Third, we performed meta‐analyses of genome‐wide associations for both the total age‐mixed sample and the two developmental stages. Finally, we performed a gene‐based test using the summary statistics of the total sample. GCTA quantified variance tagged by common SNPs (10–54%). The meta‐analysis of the total sample identified one region in chromosome 2 (2p12) at near genome‐wide significance (top SNP rs11126630, P = 5.30 × 10−8). The separate meta‐analyses of the two developmental stages revealed suggestive evidence of association at the same locus. The gene‐based analysis indicated association of variation within AVPR1A with aggressive behavior. We conclude that common variants at 2p12 show suggestive evidence for association with childhood aggression. Replication of these initial findings is needed, and further studies should clarify its biological meaning. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anosognosia in Alzheimer disease: Disconnection between memory and self‐related brain networks
Authors: Perrotin Audrey , Desgranges Béatrice , Landeau Brigitte , Mézenge Florence , La Joie Renaud , Egret Stéphanie , Pélerin Alice , de la Sayette Vincent , Eustache Francis , Chételat Gaël
Published: June 2015

Objective

Impaired awareness is a common symptom in many mental disorders including Alzheimer disease (AD). This study aims at improving our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying anosognosia of memory deficits in AD by combining measures of regional brain metabolism (resting state fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography [FDG‐PET]) and intrinsic connectivity (resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging [fMRI]).

Methods

Twenty‐three patients diagnosed with probable AD based on clinical and biomarker data and 30 matched healthy control subjects were recruited in this study. An anosognosia index (difference between subjective and objective memory scores) was obtained in each participant. Resting state FDG‐PET for glucose metabolism measurement and resting state fMRI for intrinsic connectivity measurement were also performed. AD and control groups were compared on behavioral data, and voxelwise correlations between anosognosia and neuroimaging data were conducted within the AD group.

Results

AD patients underestimated their memory deficits. Anosognosia in AD patients correlated with hypometabolism in orbitofrontal (OFC) and posterior cingulate (PCC) cortices. Using OFC and PCC as seed regions, intrinsic connectivity analyses in AD revealed a significant association between anosognosia and reduced intrinsic connectivity between these regions as well as with the medial temporal lobe.

Interpretation

Anosognosia in AD is due not only to functional changes within cortical midline structures involved in self‐referential processes (OFC, PCC), but also to disconnection between these regions as well as with the medial temporal lobe. These findings suggest that the lack of awareness of memory deficits in AD results from a disruption of the communication within, but also between, the self‐related and the memory‐related brain networks. Ann Neurol 2015 Ann Neurol 2015;78:477–486
Dotierungseffekte bei Cluster‐vermittelten Bindungsaktivierungen
Authors: Schwarz Helmut
Published: June 2015

Gasphasenuntersuchungen sinnvoll dotierter Oxidcluster erlauben es, sich Herausforderungen wie der Tieftemperaturoxidation von CO oder der selektiven Umwandlung von Kohlenwasserstoffen zu stellen. Die gezielte Modifikation von Größe und Zusammensetzung freier Cluster ermöglicht es, lokale Ladungseffekte und den Spinzustand systematisch zu beeinflussen, und die Kombination von Rechnungen und Spektroskopie kann helfen, das aktive Zentrum eines Katalysators zu identifizieren und mechanistische Details von Reaktionen aufzudecken. Zudem ist es möglich, das Zusammenspiel von Trägermaterial und aktiver Komponente eines mehrkomponentigen, katalytisch aktiven Clusters zu untersuchen. Beispiele sollen zeigen, wie und warum die Gasphasenreaktivität heteronuklearer Cluster in Bezug auf kleine und üblicherweise recht inerte Moleküle gegenüber derjenigen ihrer homonuklearen Analoga erhöht oder vermindert sein kann.
Palladacyclus‐katalysierte, hoch enantioselektive Arylierung von Iminen mit Arylboroxinen ohne Verwendung einer exogenen Base
Authors: Schrapel Carmen , Peters René
Published: June 2015

Enantiomerenreine Benzylamine sind für die Wirkstoffentwicklung von großer Bedeutung. Ein leicht zugänglicher, planar‐chiraler, Ferrocen‐basierter Palladacyclus erwies sich als sehr effizienter enantioselektiver Katalysator zur Bildung N‐substituierter benzylischer Stereozentren durch Beschleunigung der 1,2‐Addition von Arylboroxinen an aromatische und aliphatische Imine. Für Aldimine war kein Einsatz einer exogenen Base zur Aktivierung des Boroxins erforderlich, wenn Acetat als anionischer Ligand verwendet wurde. Verbreitete Probleme, wie Aryl‐Aryl‐Homokupplungen und die Imin‐Hydrolyse, konnten vollständig vermieden werden, letztere sogar ohne Einsatz von Molekularsieb.
Spektroskopie, Visualisierung und Photomanipulation einzelner Moleküle: die Grundlage für superhochauflösende Mikroskopie (Nobel‐Aufsatz)
Authors: Moerner W. E. (William E.)
Published: June 2015

Die ersten Schritte hin zur optischen Detektion und Spektroskopie einzelner Moleküle in kondensierter Materie folgten auf Tieftemperaturstudien inhomogen verbreiteter Absorptionsprofile molekularer Verunreinigungen in Festkörpern. Spektrale Charakteristika, die mit der Anzahl der Moleküle in Resonanz zusammenhingen, führten durch den Einsatz von frequenzmodulierter Laserspektroskopie zum Erreichen der Einzelmolekülgrenze im Jahr 1989. In den frühen 90er Jahren wurden zahlreiche faszinierende physikalische Effekte einzelner Moleküle entdeckt. Ihre Visualisierung, die Beobachtung spektraler Diffusion und optischer Schaltung sowie die Möglichkeit, verschiedene einzelne Moleküle im selben Fokusvolumen durch schlichtes Variieren der Frequenz des eingestrahlten Pumplasers auszuwählen, waren Wegbereiter für die spätere superhochauflösende Mikroskopie mit einzelnen Molekülen. Die Visualisierung individueller Kopien des grün fluoreszierenden Proteins förderte ebenfalls Erstaunliches zu Tage. Insbesondere ist hier das Blinken und die lichtinduzierte Schaltbarkeit zu nennen, welche die Entwicklung photoschaltbarer Proteine als Fluoreszenzmarkierungen anregten. Da sich jeder einzelne Fluorophor wie eine Lichtquelle von ungefähr 1 nm Größe verhält, ist die mikroskopische Beobachtung und Lokalisierung individueller Fluorophore eine Grundvoraussetzung für Abbildungen über die optische Beugungsgrenze hinaus. Die Kombination dieser Techniken mit aktiver Kontrolle der Anzahl emittierender Moleküle im Anregungsvolumen führte zur superhochauflösenden Mikroskopie von Eric Betzig und anderen. Im Folgenden werden die Voraussetzungen, die in diese Entdeckungen mündeten, dargestellt und gegenwärtige Entwicklungen zusammengefasst.
A Porous Tricyclooxacalixarene Cage Based on Tetraphenylethylene
Authors: Zhang Chun , Wang Zhen , Tan Liangxiao , Zhai Tian‐Long , Wang Sheng , Tan Bien , Zheng Yan‐Song , Yang Xiang‐Liang , Xu Hui‐Bi
Published: June 2015

A quadrangular prismatic tricyclooxacalixarene cage 1 based on tetraphenylethylene (TPE) was efficiently synthesized by a one‐pot SNAr condensation reaction. As a result of the porous internal structure in the solid state, cage 1 exhibited a good CO2 uptake capacity of 12.5 wt % and a high selectivity for CO2 over N2 adsorption of 80 (273 K, 1 bar) with a BET surface area of 432 m2 g−1. Formation of cage 1 led to the fluorescence of TPE being switched on in solution. The system was employed as a single‐molecule platform to study the mechanism of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) by examining the restriction of intramolecular rotation (RIR).
An Aluminum Hydride That Functions like a Transition‐Metal Catalyst
Authors: Yang Zhi , Zhong Mingdong , Ma Xiaoli , De Susmita , Anusha Chakkittakandiyil , Parameswaran Pattiyil , Roesky Herbert W.
Published: June 2015

The reaction of [LAlH2] (L=HC(CMeNAr)2, Ar=2,6‐iPr2C6H3) with MeOTf (Tf=SO2CF3) resulted in the formation of [LAlH(OTf)] (1) in high yield. The triflate substituent in 1 increases the positive charge at the aluminum center, which implies that 1 has a strong Lewis acidic character. The excellent catalytic activity of 1 for the hydroboration of organic compounds with carbonyl groups was investigated. Furthermore, it was shown that 1 effectively initiates the addition reaction of trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) to both aldehydes and ketones. Quantum mechanical calculations were carried out to explore the reaction mechanism.
Catalytic Amine Oxidation under Ambient Aerobic Conditions: Mimicry of Monoamine Oxidase B
Authors: Murray Alexander T. , Dowley Myles J. H. , Pradaux‐Caggiano Fabienne , Baldansuren Amgalanbaatar , Fielding Alistair J. , Tuna Floriana , Hendon Christopher H. , Walsh Aron , Lloyd‐Jones Guy C. , John Matthew P. , Carbery David R.
Published: June 2015

The flavoenzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO) regulates mammalian behavioral patterns by modulating neurotransmitters such as adrenaline and serotonin. The mechanistic basis which underpins this enzyme is far from agreed upon. Reported herein is that the combination of a synthetic flavin and alloxan generates a catalyst system which facilitates biomimetic amine oxidation. Mechanistic and electron paramagnetic (EPR) spectroscopic data supports the conclusion that the reaction proceeds through a radical manifold. This data provides the first example of a biorelevant synthetic model for monoamine oxidase B activity.
Exogenous‐Base‐Free Palladacycle‐Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Arylation of Imines with Arylboroxines
Authors: Schrapel Carmen , Peters René
Published: June 2015

Enantiomerically pure benzylic amines are important for the development of new drugs. A readily accessible planar‐chiral ferrocene‐derived palladacycle is shown to be a highly efficient catalyst for the formation of N‐substituted benzylic stereocenters; this catalyst accelerates the 1,2‐addition of arylboroxines to aromatic and aliphatic imines with exceptional levels of enantioselectivity. Using aldimines an exogenous base was not necessary for the activation of the boroxines, when acetate was used as an anionic ligand. Common problems such as aryl–aryl homocouplings and imine hydrolysis were fully overcome, the latter even in the absence of molecular sieves.
Boron‐Catalyzed Regioselective Deoxygenation of Terminal 1,2‐Diols to 2‐Alkanols Enabled by the Strategic Formation of a Cyclic Siloxane Intermediate
Authors: Drosos Nikolaos , Morandi Bill
Published: June 2015

The selective deoxygenation of polyols is a frontier in our ability to harness the stereochemical and structural complexity of natural and synthetic feedstocks. Herein, we describe a highly active and selective boron‐based catalytic system for the selective deoxygenation of terminal 1,2‐diols at the primary position, a process that is enabled by the transient formation of a cyclic siloxane. The method provides an ideal complement to well‐known catalytic asymmetric reactions to prepare synthetically challenging chiral 2‐alkanols in nearly perfect enantiomeric excess, as illustrated in a short synthesis of the anti‐inflammatory drug (R)‐lisofylline.
Comparative analysis of drivers' start‐up time of the first two vehicles at signalized intersections
Authors: Li Zhenlong , Wang Baoju , Zhang Jiankun
Published: June 2015

The aim of this study is to comparatively analyze drivers' start‐up time (SUT) of the first two vehicles at signalized intersections. Three groups of data, the SUT of the first vehicle, the SUT of the second vehicle, and car‐following SUT of the second vehicle, were collected through a videography technique. The comparative analysis was then conducted. Pearson's correlation was used to determine the correlation between the three groups. Multiple regression was used to analyze and identify which independent variable or variable combination was the best explanation of the SUT of the second vehicle. The combination patterns of start‐up behavior of the first two vehicles were discovered using the fuzzy c‐means clustering. The data obtained show that the mean of the car‐following SUT of the second vehicle is 1.08 seconds. Four combination patterns of start‐up behavior of the first two vehicles, {fast, fast}, {fast, slow}, {slow, fast}, and {slow, slow}, are obtained. The numbers of the first pattern {fast, fast} and the fourth pattern {slow, slow} account for 71.80% and 21.82% of total patterns, respectively. These results suggest that the main factors influencing the SUT of the second vehicle are the type and SUT of the first vehicle. The results seem to indicate that the SUT of the first vehicle plays a crucial role in determining total start‐up lost time. The pattern {fast, fast} is the best for decreasing start‐up lost time. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gastric emptying and quality of life after pancreatoduodenectomy with retrocolic or antecolic gastroenteric anastomosis
Authors: Eshuis W J , de Bree K , Sprangers M A G , Bennink R J , van Gulik T M , Busch O R C , Gouma D J
Published: June 2015

Background

Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) is a major problem after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). A recent multicentre randomized trial reported no difference in gastric emptying rates between retrocolic and antecolic reconstruction routes. The present study looked at quality of life with these two approaches and the correlation with gastric emptying.

Methods

This was a substudy of patients completing a panel of quality-of-life questionnaires within a randomized trial comparing retrocolic and antecolic gastroenteric reconstruction after PD. Gastric emptying was assessed by scintigraphy 1 week after surgery. Quality of life was measured with the EuroQoL – 5D questionnaire (EQ-5D™), the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30) with its pancreatic cancer module (PAN26), and the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI).

Results

There were 38 patients in the retrocolic and 35 in the antecolic group. Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes were similar in the two groups. Median time to half-emptying of stomach content after surgery was 145 and 64 min in the retrocolic and antecolic group respectively (P = 0·189). Median percentages of residual activity after 2 h were 64 and 28 per cent respectively (P = 0·213). Quality of life did not differ at any time point between the groups. At 2 weeks after surgery, patients with DGE had significantly worse outcomes on two EQ-5D™ domains, ten QLQ-C30/PAN26 subscales, and two GIQLI subscales and total score. Effect sizes were moderate to large.

Conclusion

The route of gastroenteric reconstruction after PD does not influence either gastric emptying at scintigraphy or quality of life. The impact of DGE on quality of life is clinically significant. Registration number NTR1697 (www.trialregister.nl).
Mesoporous Manganese Sulfide Spheres Anchored on Graphene Sheets as High‐Capacity and Long‐Life Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Dezhi , Quan Hongying , Huang Zhongning , Guo Lin
Published: June 2015

A novel porous manganese sulfide/graphene composite was prepared by a simple in situ solvothermal approach. These mesoporous manganese sulfide sub‐microspheres with an average diameter of 700 nm were anchored homogeneously onto graphene nanosheets. Such a special microstructure not only effectively alleviates the mechanical strain of the electrode upon lithiation/delithiation, but it also improves contact between the electrode materials and the electrolyte. As a result, the composite exhibits a high Li‐ion storage capacity and excellent cycling stability as an anode material for lithium‐ion batteries. At a current of 50 mA h g−1, the material delivers a reversible capacity up to 1231 mA h g−1; at a current density of 0.2 A g−1, the material still retains a reversible capacity of 735 mA h g−1 after 300 cycles.
Carbon‐Supported Copper Nanomaterials: Recyclable Catalysts for Huisgen [3+2] Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Shaygan Nia Ali , Rana Sravendra , Döhler Diana , Jirsa Franz , Meister Annette , Guadagno Liberata , Koslowski Eik , Bron Michael , Binder Wolfgang H.
Published: June 2015

Highly disperse copper nanoparticles immobilized on carbon nanomaterials (CNMs; graphene/carbon nanotubes) were prepared and used as a recyclable and reusable catalyst to achieve CuI‐catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition click chemistry. Carbon nanomaterials with immobilized N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐Cu complexes prepared from an imidazolium‐based carbene and CuI show excellent stability including high efficiency at low catalyst loading. The catalytic performance evaluated in solution and in bulk shows that both types of Cu‐CNMs can function as an effective recyclable catalysts (more than 10 cycles) for click reactions without decomposition and the use of external additives.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of the Europium(II) Aluminate Eu3Al2O6.
Authors: Niehaus Oliver , Poettgen Rainer
Published: June 2015

Single crystals of the title compound are obtained as a side product in an attempt to prepare EuCdAl from a mixture of the elements in a 1:1:1 atomic ratio (Nb ampule, 1323 K, 5 min followed by 873 K for 2 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure, Thermally Stability and Photoluminescence Properties of Novel Sr10(PO4)6O:Eu2+ Phosphors.
Authors: Guo Qingfeng , Liao Libing , Mei Lefu , Liu Haikun
Published: June 2015

Sr10(PO4)6O:Eu2+x (x = 0.005—0.07) is prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of SrCO3, (NH4)2HPO4, and Eu2O3 in a reducing atmosphere of 5% H2/N2 (alumina crucible, 1300 °C).
ChemInform Abstract: BiOClxBryIz (x + y + z = 1) Solid Solutions with Controllable Band Gap and Highly Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Performances.
Authors: Sun Xiuguo , Zhang Yangyang , Li Chunmei , Zhang Zhifeng , Peng Zheng , Si Huayan , Zhang Jianmin , Li Yanting
Published: June 2015

Single phase BiOClxBryIz solid solutions with controllable band gap and highly enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance are prepared by hydrolysis of stoichiometric amounts of aqueous NaCl, NaBr, KI, and NaOAc solutions to which a Bi(NO3)3 solution in glacial AcOH is given.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and Thermoelectric Properties of the Oxytelluride Bi2O2Te.
Authors: Luu Son D. N. , Vaqueiro Paz
Published: June 2015

Bi2O2Te is prepared by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of Bi, Bi2O3, and Te (evacuated silica tubes, 873 K, 10 h; complex heating schedule).
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction of Bis(methylenecyclopropane) with Cyclic and Acyclic Dienophiles.
Authors: Kuila Bilash , Mahajan Dinesh , Singh Prabhpreet , Bhargava Gaurav
Published: June 2015

The cycloaddition reactions are performed under conventional heating conditions or microwave irradiation to form cyclopentane derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Glycerol as an Efficient Medium for the Petasis Borono‐Mannich Reaction.
Authors: Rosholm Tomi , Gois Pedro M. P. , Franzen Robert , Candeias Nuno R.
Published: June 2015

The use of glycerol as solvent in the Petasis borono—Mannich reaction is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine‐Promoted Oxidative Amidation of Terminal Alkenes — Synthesis of α‐Ketoamides, Benzothiazoles, and Quinazolines.
Authors: Deshidi Ramesh , Devari Shekaraiah , Shah Bhahwal Ali
Published: June 2015

Facile protocols for the synthesis of α‐ketoamides from terminal alkynes both either at high temperature or at room temperature are presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Alkene—Alkyne Coupling of Disubstituted Olefins: Application to the Stereoselective Synthesis of Trisubstituted Enecarbamates.
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Cregg James J.
Published: June 2015

Carbamates are investigated as directing groups in the title process and ‐NH‐Boc is found to be the optimal one.
ChemInform Abstract: Base‐Promoted Coupling of Carbon Dioxide, Amines, and N‐Tosylhydrazones: A Novel and Versatile Approach to Carbamates.
Authors: Xiong Wenfang , Qi Chaorong , He Haitao , Ouyang Lu , Zhang Min , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: June 2015

A novel and versatile reaction of CO2 with N‐tosylhydrazones and amines is developed providing an attractive method for the straightforward synthesis of various carbamates.
ChemInform Abstract: Unveiling the Uncatalyzed Reaction of Alkynes with 1,2‐Dipoles for the Room Temperature Synthesis of Cyclobutenes.
Authors: Alcaide Benito , Almendros Pedro , Fernandez Israel , Lazaro‐Milla Carlos
Published: June 2015

A pyridiumethanide zwitterionic salt is used as dipole precursor for the metal‐free direct [2+2] cycloaddition with alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Reduction of Nitroarenes Using CO and H2O in the Presence of a Nanostructured Cobalt Oxide/Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene (NGr) Catalyst.
Authors: Westerhaus Felix A. , Sorribes Ivan , Wienhoefer Gerrit , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias
Published: June 2015

The scalable reaction procedure tolerates a wide variety of functional groups including reducible ones.
ChemInform Abstract: Methylaluminoxane (MAO)‐Assisted Direct Amidation of Esters.
Authors: Desrat Sandy , Ducousso Aline , Gapil Shelly , Remeur Camille , Roussi Fanny
Published: June 2015

The reaction is performed starting from alkanoates, alkenoates, and benzoates with the corresponding methyl carboxylates providing the highest product yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Imidazolium Salt‐Supported Mukaiyama Reagent: An Efficient Condensation Reagent for Amide Bond Formation.
Authors: Pandey Khima , Muthyala Manoj Kumar , Choudhary Sunita , Kumar Anil
Published: June 2015

The stable and efficient imidazolium salt‐supported Mukaiyama reagent is utilized for the amide bond formation between various carboxylic acids and amines and enables the isolation of the amide products by simple extraction with organic solvents in high purity.
ChemInform Abstract: Fe‐Catalyzed Double Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling of 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds and Arylmethanes.
Authors: Yang Kai , Song Qiuling
Published: June 2015

The scalable alkylation of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds with substituted toluene derivatives or arylmethylbenzene derivatives is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Vinylazaarenes with N‐Boc Aldimines.
Authors: Choi Bonnie , Saxena Aakarsh , Smith Joshua J. , Churchill Gwydion H. , Lam Hon Wai
Published: June 2015

The reaction of vinylhetarenes with N‐Boc protected aryl aldimines delivers the products with moderate to excellent diastereoselectivities and moderate to high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: B(C6F5)3‐Catalyzed Metal‐Free Hydrogenation of Naphthylamines.
Authors: Li Gen , Liu Yongbing , Du Haifeng
Published: June 2015

A variety of tetrahydronaphthylamines are obtained under mild reaction conditions through this first metal‐free hydrogenation reaction of naphthylamines.
ChemInform Abstract: Indium‐Catalyzed, Novel Route to β,β‐Disubstituted Indanones via Tandem Nakamura Addition—Hydroarylation—Decarboxylation Sequence.
Authors: Rajesh Nimmakuri , Prajapati Dipak
Published: June 2015

This novel method furnishes β,β‐disubstituted indanones by a sequential one‐pot reaction from β‐keto esters or 1,3‐diketones with aromatic terminal acetylenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereo‐ and Facially Selective Imino‐Diels—Alder Cycloaddition of 2‐Azeditinone‐Tethered 1‐Azadiene: Synthesis of Functionalized (2‐Oxo‐4‐styrylazetidin‐3‐yl)—Pyridine Hybrids.
Authors: Kumar Yogesh , Singh Prabhpreet , Bhargava Gaurav
Published: June 2015

All reactions are performed in toluene as well as xylene with the latter delivering lower product yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Zn‐Based Ionic Liquids as Highly Efficient Catalysts for Chemical Fixation of Carbon Dioxide to Epoxides.
Authors: Liu Mengshuai , Wang Fangxiao , Shi Lei , Liang Lin , Sun Jianmin
Published: June 2015

The introduced catalyst can be reused at least four times without significant loss of reactivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Chiral Ligands: Carbohydrates, Nucleoside‐Lanthanides and Other Lewis Acid Complexes to Control Regio‐ and Stereoselectivity of the Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of Nitrile Oxides and Esters.
Authors: Gucma Miroslaw , Golebiewski W. Marek , Krawczyk Maria
Published: June 2015

4R,5S‐ or 4S,5R‐trisubstituted isoxazolines are obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Catalyst‐Free Synthesis of Substituted 1,2,4‐Triazoles.
Authors: Shelke Ganesh M. , Rao V. Kameswara , Jha Mukund , Cameron T. Stan , Kumar Anil
Published: June 2015

The reaction between variously substituted aryl or alkyl hydrazines and formamide provides the title compounds in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminomethylation Reaction of ortho‐Pyridyl C—H Bonds Catalyzed by Group 3 Metal Triamido Complexes.
Authors: Nagae Haruki , Shibata Yu , Tsurugi Hayato , Mashima Kazushi
Published: June 2015

Complexes of either gadolinium or yttrium are found to be optimal in the reaction of pyridine derivatives and some analogous N‐heterocycles with unactivated imines.
ChemInform Abstract: A Complementary Route to Diaminopyrimidines Through Regioselective SNAr Amination Reactions.
Authors: O'Donnell Michael , Charrier Jean‐Damien
Published: June 2015

2‐Chloro‐4‐(2,3,5,6‐tetrafluorophenoxy)pyrimidine (I) can be diaminated in a regioselective stepwise manner: first amination occurs at C‐2, second amination at C‐4.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and Application of ZnFe2O4 Nanoparticles as a Heterogeneous Ditopic Catalyst for the Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3‐d] Pyrimidines.
Authors: Khazaei Ardeshir , Ranjbaran Azam , Abbasi Fatemeh , Khazaei Marzieh , Moosavi‐Zare Ahmad Reza
Published: June 2015

An efficient method for the synthesis of the title compounds (IV) by a one‐pot three‐component condensation of 1,3‐dimethylbarbituric acid (I), various aromatic aldehydes (II), and malononitrile (III) using ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles as heterogeneous catalyst under solvent‐free conditions is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Preferential α‐Hydrosilylation of Terminal Alkynes by Bis‐N‐heterocyclic Carbene Rhodium(III) Catalysts.
Authors: Iglesias Manuel , Aliaga‐Lavrijsen Melanie , Miguel Pablo J. Sanz , Fernandez‐Alvarez Francisco J. , Perez‐Torrente Jesus J. , Oro Luis A.
Published: June 2015

Rhodium complexes featuring one or two trifluoroacetato ligands catalyze the unusual formation of a variety of α‐vinylsilanes in good selectivities by non‐directed hydrosilylation of terminal alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Lewis Acid Catalyzed Assembly of Phosphonomethyl Ethers: Three‐Step Synthesis of Tenofovir.
Authors: Ocampo Charles E. , Lee Doris , Jamison Timothy F.
Published: June 2015

This method is applied in the synthesis of antiretroviral drug tenofovir (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Synthesis of anti‐β‐Hydroxy‐α‐Amino Acids by PdII‐Catalyzed Sequential C(sp3)—H Functionalization.
Authors: Chen Kai , Zhang Shuo‐Qing , Jiang Huai‐Zhi , Xu Jing‐Wen , Shi Bing‐Feng
Published: June 2015

Substrates of type (I) bearing a directing 8‐aminoquinoline auxiliary are monoarylated or monoalkylated to afford starting materials such as (IIIa) or (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Constituents of the Stem Barks of Ailanthus altissima and Their Potential to Inhibit LPS‐Induced Nitric Oxide Production.
Authors: Kim Hye Mi , Kim Su Jung , Kim Ha‐Yeong , Ryu Byeol , Kwak Hokwang , Hur Jonghyun , Choi Jung‐Hye , Jang Dae Sik
Published: June 2015

Fifteen compounds, including three new canthin‐6‐one‐glycosides (I), are isolated and evaluated for their inhibitory effects on LPS‐induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells at non‐toxic concentrations.
ChemInform Abstract: Further Alkaloids from the Leaves of Trigonostemon lii
Authors: Tan Cheng‐Jian , Zhang Yu , Kong Ning‐Chuan , Di Ying‐Tong , Hao Xiao‐Jiang
Published: June 2015

isolation, structure elucidation, and cytotoxicity of four new indole alkaloids, trigonoliimines A (I), B (IIb), C (IIa), and D (III)
ChemInform Abstract: A New Efficient Stereoselective Method for the Synthesis of (E)‐5‐Aminoallyl‐pyrimidine‐5′‐triphosphates Using Palladium‐Catalyzed Heck Reaction.
Authors: Kore Anilkumar R. , Senthilvelan Annamalai , Shanmugasundaram Muthian , Sandoval David , Pardo Andrew
Published: June 2015

The catalytic reaction tolerates a wide variety of functional groups such as hydroxyl, amide, phosphorus, and amine present in the substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Semiconducting Black Phosphorus: Synthesis, Transport Properties and Electronic Applications
Authors: Liu Han , Du Yuchen , Deng Yexin , Ye Peide D.
Published: June 2015

Review: 92 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ternary Sn‐Ti‐O Based Nanostructures as Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Hongkang , Huang He , Niu Chunming , Rogach Andrey L.
Published: June 2015

Review: 92 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Borylative Transformations of Non‐Polar Carbon—Carbon Unsaturated Compounds Employing Borylcopper as an Active Catalyst Species
Authors: Semba Kazuhiko , Fujihara Tetsuaki , Terao Jun , Tsuji Yasushi
Published: June 2015

Review: [66 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Conjugate Additions and Allylic Alkylations Using Nucleophiles Generated by Hydro‐ or Carbometalation
Authors: Maksymowicz Rebecca M. , Bissette Andrew J. , Fletcher Stephen P.
Published: June 2015

Review: [65 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Substitution of Alcohols by N‐Nucleophiles via Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenation
Authors: Yang Qin , Wang Qingfu , Yu Zhengkun
Published: June 2015

Review: recent advances in transition metal‐catalyzed dehydrogenative substitution of alcohols by N‐nucleophiles since 2009; 183 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: New Paradigms for the Chiral Synthesis of Inositol Phosphates
Authors: Durantie Estelle , Leroux Jean‐Christophe , Castagner Bastien
Published: June 2015

Review: 15 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fused Five‐Membered N,N‐Heterocycles Using Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Kaur Navjeet
Published: June 2015

Review: 105 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Development of Plant Products with anti‐Glycation Activity: A Review
Authors: Chinchansure Ashish A. , Korwar Arvind M. , Kulkarni Mahesh J. , Joshi Swati P.
Published: June 2015

Review: 152 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Double‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Processing
Authors: Moore Katherine E. , Tune Daniel D. , Flavel Benjamin S.
Published: June 2015

Review: 247 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Review on Recent Developments of Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells and Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Maurya Sandip , Shin Sung‐Hee , Kim Yekyung , Moon Seung‐Hyeon
Published: June 2015

Review: 216 refs.
VCD Robustness of the Amide‐I and Amide‐II Vibrational Modes of Small Peptide Models
Authors: Góbi Sándor , Magyarfalvi Gábor , Tarczay György
Published: June 2015

The rotational strengths and the robustness values of amide‐I and amide‐II vibrational modes of For(AA)nNHMe (where AA is Val, Asn, Asp, or Cys, n = 1–5 for Val and Asn; n = 1 for Asp and Cys) model peptides with α‐helix and β‐sheet backbone conformations were computed by density functional methods. The robustness results verify empirical rules drawn from experiments and from computed rotational strengths linking amide‐I and amide‐II patterns in the vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra of peptides with their backbone structures. For peptides with at least three residues (n ≥ 3) these characteristic patterns from coupled amide vibrational modes have robust signatures. For shorter peptide models many vibrational modes are nonrobust, and the robust modes can be dependent on the residues or on their side chain conformations in addition to backbone conformations. These robust VCD bands, however, provide information for the detailed structural analysis of these smaller systems. Chirality 27:625–634, 2015 © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Application of Yeast Hydrolysate in Extracellular Lipase Production by Geotrichum candidum in Shaken Flasks, Stirred Tank, and Airlift Reactors
Authors: Maldonado Rafael Resende , Aguiar‐Oliveira Elizama , Pozza Eduardo Luiz , Costa Fátima Aparecida Almeida , Mazutti Marcio A. , Maugeri Franciso , Rodrigues Maria Isabel
Published: June 2015

Lipase production by Geotrichum candidum NRRL Y‐552 was studied using an alternative nitrogen source, yeast hydrolysate (Prodex‐lac®), and soybean oil as the carbon source and inducer of lipase production. Factorial design and response surface methodologies were applied to obtain optimized conditions for lipase production in shaken flasks, defined as: 3.5 g/100 mL of yeast hydrolysate and 0.7 g/100 mL of soybean oil with an initial pH of 7.0 at 30 °C and 250 rpm. The resulting lipase activity after 48 h was 24.3 U/mL (0.506 U/mL.h), 52 % higher than with peptone under the same conditions (U = the amount of enzyme required to liberate 1 µmol of fatty acid per minute). Lipase production with the optimized medium was conducted in a stirred tank reactor and in an airlift bioreactor, both at 30 °C and 300 rpm; the best results obtained were 15.4 U/mL after 32 h of fermentation (0.481 U/mL.h) and 19.24 U/mL after 32 h of fermentation (0.601 U/mL.h) at 1 vvm, respectively. The results presented here from both bioreactors showed similar results to a previous study with the same microorganism under the same conditions using peptone as a nitrogen source. In addition, yeast hydrolysate is a cheaper nitrogen source than peptone and yeast extract, which permits a cost reduction above 90 % under similar conditions.
Sex and Food Influence on Intestinal Absorption of Ketoprofen Gastroresistant Formulation
Authors: Magallanes Laura , Lorier Marianela , Ibarra Manuel , Guevara Natalia , Vázquez Marta , Fagiolino Pietro
Published: June 2015

Sixteen healthy volunteers (8 women and 8 men) participated in a 2‐period, 2‐treatment crossover study. A delayed‐release gastroresistant formulation of ketoprofen was administered under fasting and fed conditions. Cmax, AUC, Cmax/AUC, and kel obtained after food coadministration did not differ from those calculated under fasting administration. Ninety‐five percent confidence intervals for fed/fasting geometric mean ratio of Cmax/AUC and AUC were 0.80–1.14 and 0.80–1.23, respectively. A significant difference (P < .01) was found between lag‐time medians (T0), with a longer T0 after food intake (5.5 vs 2.5 hours). Also, a significant difference between the medians of Tmax was found (P < .01), being 7.0 hours after food coadministration and 4.0 hours under fasting administration, but this difference disappeared once T0 was subtracted from Tmax. Cmax/AUC, which is related to drug absorption rate, showed significant differences between sexes. Men showed higher (P =.006) Cmax/AUC means (0.468 ± 0.094 vs 0.361 ± 0.087 h−1. Tmax was also significantly different (P < .05), being 4.0 (3.0–5.0) hours for men and 8.0 (5.0–10.0) hours for women. In conclusion, men showed a faster intestinal absorption rate with earlier time‐to‐peak plasma concentration of ketoprofen. Food coadministration extended the gastric residence time of formulation but exerted no effect on its intestinal absorption pattern.
Manganese Oxide Catalyst Grown on Carbon Paper as an Air Cathode for High‐Performance Rechargeable Zinc–Air Batteries
Authors: Sumboja Afriyanti , Ge Xiaoming , Goh F. W. Thomas , Li Bing , Geng Dongsheng , Hor T. S. Andy , Zong Yun , Liu Zhaolin
Published: June 2015

Manganese oxide is grown directly on carbon paper through a simple immersion process, and used as a catalyst‐modified air cathode for rechargeable zinc–air batteries. The manganese oxide is distributed evenly within the porous carbon paper, which promotes a rapid three‐phase reaction and high utilization of the active materials. Zinc–air batteries with the manganese oxide catalyst directly grown on the carbon paper exhibit improved performance compared with zinc–air batteries fabricated by using manganese oxide powder catalyst coated on carbon paper. The directly grown catalyst reduces the contact resistance and enhances the discharge/charge profile of the zinc–air batteries. Zinc–air batteries with the directly grown catalyst show a discharge voltage of 1.2 V at a current density of 15 mA cm−2 and deliver a power density as high as 108 mW cm−2 at an applied current of 168 mA cm−2. Furthermore, good cycling stability for up to 500 cycles is achievable during continuous discharge–charge tests without the need to replace the zinc anode or replenish the electrolyte; this outperforms most currently available bifunctional catalysts for rechargeable zinc–air batteries. This study illustrates a promising platform to enhance the cycle life of rechargeable metal–air batteries.
Recent Advances in Doped Mechanoluminescent Phosphors
Authors: Peng Dengfeng , Chen Bing , Wang Feng
Published: June 2015

Mechanoluminescence (ML) is a phenomenon characterized by photon emission in response to mechanical stimulus. ML is usually observed in inorganic crystals that produce strain electric fields if deformed. After being doped with luminescent lanthanide and transition‐metal ions, ML can be significantly enhanced and rationally tuned, which leads to promising applications, such as light sources, displays, and advanced sensors to probe the dynamic stress distribution over a large area. This Minireview focuses on recent developments in the design and synthesis of doped ML phosphors, as well as highlighting state‐of‐the‐art applications of these phosphors.
Acid‐Functionalized Mesoporous Carbon: An Efficient Support for Ruthenium‐Catalyzed γ‐Valerolactone Production
Authors: Villa Alberto , Schiavoni Marco , Chan‐Thaw Carine E. , Fulvio Pasquale F. , Mayes Richard T. , Dai Sheng , More Karren L. , Veith Gabriel M. , Prati Laura
Published: June 2015

The hydrogenation of levulinic acid has been studied using Ru supported on ordered mesoporous carbons (OMCs) prepared by soft‐templating. P‐ and S‐containing acid groups were introduced by postsynthetic functionalization before the addition of 1 % Ru by incipient wetness impregnation. These functionalities and the reaction conditions mediate the activity and selectivity of the levulinic acid hydrogenation. The presence of S‐containing groups (Ru/OMC‐S and Ru/OMC‐P/S) deactivates the Ru catalysts strongly, whereas the presence of P‐containing groups (Ru/OMC‐P) enhances the activity compared to that of pristine Ru/OMC. Under mild conditions (70 °C and 7 bar H2) the catalyst shows high selectivity to γ‐valerolactone (GVL; >95 %) and high stability on recycling. However, under more severe conditions (200 °C and p=40 bar) Ru/OMC‐P is particularly able to promote GVL ring‐opening and the consecutive hydrogenation to pentanoic acid.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal Properties of Chlorine‐Containing 1,1,2,2‐Tetraaminodisilanes and Their Potential as Chemical Vapor Deposition Precursors for Silicon Nitride Films
Authors: Du Liyong , Chu Wenxiang , Miao Hongyan , Wang Dawei , Xu Chongying , Ding Yuqiang
Published: June 2015

Three chlorine‐containing aminodisilanes of the type Cl(RR′N)2Si–Si(NRR′)2Cl (with R = alkyl and R′ = H or R) as potential chemical vapor deposition (CVD) precursors for silicon nitride (SiNx) films have been synthesized and characterized by X‐ray diffraction; 1H, 13C, and 29Si NMR spectroscopy; and elemental analysis. They were obtained in high yields by the reactions of hexachlorodisilane (Si2Cl6) with excess liquid amines in diethyl ether through a general single‐step procedure. Their thermal properties including stability, volatility, transport behavior, and vapor pressure were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to confirm that they are suitable for the CVD procedure. The deposition of SiNx films was accomplished with a hot‐wall CVD reactor system, which preliminarily verified the suitability of these compounds as CVD precursors.
Synthetic Studies toward Actinorhodin and γ‐Actinorhodin by using a Homo‐coupling Strategy: Synthesis of Hemiactinorhodin and Hemi‐γ‐actinorhodin
Authors: Mulay Sandip V. , Bhowmik Amit , Fernandes Rodney A.
Published: June 2015

A homo‐coupling strategy toward the synthesis of actinorhodin and γ‐actinorhodin has been explored. The monomeric unit was synthesized by employing an efficient combination of Dötz benzannulation and oxa‐Pictet–Spengler reactions. Attempts towards oxidative homo‐coupling of the pyranonaphthalene monomer intermediate to give dimer were unsuccessful. Later, monomer pyranonaphthalene was carried forward to complete the synthesis of hemiactinorhodin and hemi‐γ‐actinorhodin.
Electrochemical Activity of Wedelolactone and Probing its Interaction with DNA Using Voltammetry at a Carbon Electrode
Authors: Červeň Jiří , Havran Luděk , Pečinka Petr , Fojta Miroslav
Published: June 2015

Wedelolactone (WLA) is a polyphenolic coumestan derivative found in extracts of plants used in traditional medicine. Due to its cytostatic activity, WLA is one of natural compounds tested as potential anticancer drugs. In this work we for the first time studied electrochemical properties of WLA using cyclic (CV) and square‐wave (SWV) voltammetry at the basal‐plane pyrolytic graphite electrode. A reversible pair of peaks, corresponding to catechol/o‐benzoquinone redox system, was observed using CV around 0.275 V vs. Ag|AgCl|3 M KCl reference electrode. Measurements of SWV signal of WLA in the presence of single‐ or double‐stranded DNA suggested a weak interaction without evident preference for double‐stranded DNA. An indirect assay, employing electroactive DNA intercalator doxorubicin as competitor, confirmed absence of intercalative DNA binding of WLA.
Capillary electrophoretic studies on quantum dots and histidine appended peptides self‐assembly
Authors: Wang Jianhao , Li Jingyan , Chen Yao , Teng Yiwan , Wang Cheli , Li Jinchen , Liu Li , Dong Bingyu , Qiu Lin , Jiang Pengju
Published: June 2015

Herein, we designed four peptides appended with different numbers of histidine (Hisn‐peptide). We launched a systematic investigation on quantum dots (QDs) and Hisn‐peptide self‐assembly in solution using fluorescence coupled CE (CE‐FL). The results indicated that CE‐FL was a powerful method to probe how ligands interaction on the surface of nanoparticles. The self‐assembly of QDs and peptide was determined by the numbers of histidine. We also observed that longer polyhistidine tags (n ≤ 6) could improve the self‐assembly efficiency. Furthermore, the formation and separation of QD‐peptide assembly were also studied by CE‐FL inside a capillary. The total time for the mixing, self‐assembly, separation, and detection was less than 10 min. Our method greatly expands the application of CE‐FL in QDs‐based biolabeling and bioanalysis.