bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does Ethics Influence Green Products Purchase Intention of Young Consumers: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Verma Deepti
Published: December 2022

The current study examines the variables which influence the intention of young generation in India to purchase green products and to determine empirically those variables relationship with green purchase intention. Research survey was done using quantitative analysis and the data was collected through online questionnaires filled out by 195 young students of a university located in tier 2 city of Uttar Pradesh. Factor analysis, Correlation analysis and Regression Analysis were used for the data analysis. The most important factor associated with these consumers' green purchase intention is their environment concern, followed by green trust, personal norms, and yes they are price conscious, but it does not affect their green purchase intentions substantially. The results will be helpful for marketers in formulating various green marketing strategies on how to attract young potential prospects and customers to purchase green products as they are influencer also in family when comes to decision making.
Exploring Social Entrepreneurship Intention among Students of Indian B-Schools
Authors: Banerjee Proma , Mishra Surabhi , Dato-On Mary Conway , Banerjee Sharmistha
Published: December 2022

Social entrepreneurship intention (SEI), an individual's goal to create an innovative business venture that yields sustainable solutions to social problems, serves as an indicator of entrepreneurs’ thoughts and feelings regarding new venture creation focussing on solving social issues and problems. This study investigates antecedents to SEI, including entrepreneur’s perception of social entrepreneurship, risk aversion, social network and gender. Bivariate correlation and multiple linear regression were used on data from a structured questionnaire using previously validated scales canvassed over 90 Indian business school students. Initial results indicate that contrary to previous studies, gender does not significantly influence SEI, while perception of social entrepreneurship, social network and risk aversion mindset influences respondents’ SEI. This paper augments existing literature on pedagogy for promoting social entrepreneurship.
Role Strain in Single and Dual Earner Couples and its Relationship with Gender Ideology and Gender Role Swapping
Authors: Saxena Neha
Published: December 2022

Society has witnessed a remarkable transformation in the gender roles recently. The study was aimed to assess the role strain in single and dual earner couples and its relationship with gender ideology and gender role swapping. Participants for the research included 188 adults between the age range of 25-45 years (48 single earning couples and 46 dual earning couples) from Agra, a city situated in north India. Gender Ideology Questionnaire (GIQ), Gender Role Swapping Questionnaire (GRSQ), Role Strain Questionnaire (RSQ) were used to get the required data. Results showed that level of role strain was high in females of dual earning families. The gender role swapping and gender role ideology was found negatively correlated with role strain. The couples who were involved in gender role swapping showed low level of role strain and couples having traditional gender ideology showed high level of role strain.
Impact of Covid-19 on Corporate Social Responsibility: A Study of Indian IT Sector
Authors: Kumar Goel Sandeep , Jain Stuti
Published: December 2022

Corporate social responsibility has come to the limelight with the outbreak of Covid- 19 pandemic. The aim of this paper is to study and analyze the impact of Covid- 19 on corporate social responsibility with a special focus on Indian IT sector, to make a comparison of CSR obligation and CSR spending between pre and post pandemic period. It also study the activity wise spending of CSR of select sample companies for the years 2019-20 and 2020-21. Paired sample t test was used to test the formulated hypotheses. Findings of the study reveals that Indian IT companies played a pivotal role in fight against the pandemic and devoted much of its CSR funds towards healthcare and disaster relief. Statistical analysis reveals that there is a significant improvement in the CSR obligation of select companies in the post pandemic period (2020-21) as compared to pre pandemic period (2019-20).
Fintech and Financial Inclusion: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: . Poonam , . Anshita , Chhikara Kuldip Singh
Published: December 2022

Financial inclusion has attracted attention and the interest of scholars, students, and institutions across the world for more than two decades. Fintech firms employ innovative financial services and provide a diverse range of advanced financial products and client interaction facilities. Thus, research in finance-related information systems has investigated such transitions including the consequences of technological innovations on ‘Financial Inclusion’. This article highlights the linkages between ‘Fintech’ and ‘Financial Inclusion’ by using a bibliometric analysis of the papers published from 2004 through 2022 in the ‘Scopus’ database. The content analysis of 1949 publications was conducted for identifying research gaps based on cluster analysis and recommended. The study evaluated the significance of the previous publications and suggested actionable themes for further research. The study identified prospective paths for researchers to improve their current knowledge while also looking for opportunities for fresh, fascinating, and innovative research that contributes to the topic’s advancement.
Resolving Conflict in the Teacher Student Relationship: A Pragmatic Approach
Authors: Sharma Hemendra , Bhakuni Shankar Singh
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this article is to develop insights on student-teacher conflicts by looking into the causes, management, and effects of such conflicts on students. This article, drawing on the authors’ personal experience is structured around the breakdown of communication within and outside of the organisation, across hierarchies, and its consequences. Communication can occur either upwards or downwards accross the hierarchy. It can also be official or informal, written or oral, verbal or non-verbal. The article explores and finds that teacher-student conversation and inadequate and poor communication among the concern stakeholders were the main causes of conflict between teachers and their students. This indicates how the kids' psyche, social behaviour, and academic success can be negatively impacted with the usage of ineffective conflict resolution techniques. So, the article underlines a strong focus on developing an enabler ecosystem to resolve practising teacher-student leading eventually to a conducive teaching learning environment.
Military power and militarization of global space
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Syzov А. , Koval О. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Pakholchuk V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: December 2022

The article highlights the concepts of militarization and military power of individual countries by using statistical profiles to compare the Global Firepower Index and Global Militarization Index. The military expenditures of countries with developed economies and developing economies were analyzed. The reasons for the decrease and increase in military expenditures have been established. The indicators of the total military budget, its share of the gross domestic product and the share of global military expenditures were used for the analysis. Key players in the international arena are involved in the comparison, and the main emphasis is on direct and indirect participants in the Russian-Ukrainian war. To compare the military power of countries, data from the military research network was taken. To determine the military burden on the economy, a system of indicators of the global militarization of space was used. The inaccuracy of the indicators was established due to the lack of accurate data on military expenditures, quantitative indicators of armaments, external and internal political dynamics of individual countries. With the help of the available indicators, a comparison of the military power of Ukraine and Russia was derived, and weaknesses in the formation of ratings were identified. Thus, quantitative indicators of human resources, weapons, geography, availability of energy resources are included in the comparison.
Subjects of democratic civilian control over the defense forces: interaction, features of legal regulation
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Koropatnik І. , Karelin V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ostapenko І. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: December 2022

A scientific and legal study of the peculiarities of the legal regulation of the interaction of subjects in the system of democratic civilian control over the defense forces, as well as the current legislation and subordinate regulatory legal acts in the relevant field, was carried out. The concept of democratic civil control in the national legislation of Ukraine is studied. It was established that the presence of effective mechanisms of democratic civilian control is a guarantee of guaranteeing the constitutional foundations of a democratic, legal state in the field of national security and civilmilitary relations. Attention is focused on the fact that in the context of the general provisions of democratic civil control, without coordination and interaction it is not possible to ensure the mission of this activity. The category "interaction" was studied. Three main approaches to understanding the concept of interaction in legal science are distinguished, in particular: 1) functional; 2) communicative; 3) operational. Subjects in the system of democratic civilian control over the defense forces are singled out, which include: 1) President of Ukraine; 2) Supreme Rada of Ukraine; 3) National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine; 4) Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine; 5) bodies of executive power; 6) local self-government bodies; 7) courts; 8) public institutions. The issue of the meaning of control functions is highlighted. The control activity of the President of Ukraine and the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine is disclosed. The place of parliamentary control as a component of the mechanism of democratic civilian control over the defense forces is emphasized. The essence of the concept of public supervision as a type of civil control is revealed. Attention is focused on the need to ensure the interaction of subjects in the system of democratic civilian control over the defense forces. Emphasis is placed on the positive international experience of introducing the mechanism of democratic civil control.
Biocompatibility of an interspinous implant made of titanium alloys
Authors: Orlov Vladimir P. , Nashchekina Yuliya A. , Nashchekin Alexey V. , Ozeryanskaya Olga N. , Mirzametov Saidmirze D. , Svistov Dmitry V.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: At present, metal implants are widely used in neuro-orthopedics, of which titanium alloys are of particular interest. A team of authors developed an original combined implant for posterior spinal fusion as an import substitution, which can be used from one-way access during minimally invasive operations on the lumbar spine. The implant was manufactured at the Endocarbon Enterprise in Penza. For better osseointegration, it is made of VT6 alloy and titanium nickelide. The middle part of the implant is laser-treated to create an uneven surface in the hope of better integration in the tissues of the body. This study was conducted to assess the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of this implant for its further application in clinical practice.
AIM: To determine the cytotoxicity of an interspinous implant made of titanium alloys for its further introduction into spinal surgery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: To determine the cytotoxicity of titanium samples of interspinous implants, a methyltetrazolium test was conducted to assess the viability of stromal cells in the presence of a nutrient medium after incubation with the test material. The biocompatibility of the material was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy of samples 1 and 7 days after cell culture.
RESULTS: The viability of cells cultured in the presence of a nutrient medium after incubation with samples of titanium VT6 was 105% and that of titanium nickelide was 98%, which were comparable to the viability of cells in a standard nutrient medium. With electron microscopy, after 1 day of cultivation, cells form a monolayer on a titanium surface, all cells were well spread out and formed intercellular contacts, and after 7 days of cultivation, the number of cells increased and they formed a dense monolayer.
CONCLUSIONS: The interspinous implant, which includes alloys of titanium VT6 and titanium nickelide, is biocompatible with cultured cells and can be introduced into spinal surgery.
On the treatment of high unilateral congenital hip dislocation in older children: Minimizing the inequality of limb length
Authors: Kozhevnikov Oleg V. , Kralina Svetlana E. , Kuznetsov Anatoly S. , Gribova Inna V.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Treatment of high congenital hip dislocation in older children remains controversial in terms of the choice of the method of reducing the femoral head to the level of the acetabulum. In most cases, significant shortening of the hip is performed to eliminate dislocation, which leads to secondary deformities.
AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the results of treatment of high hip dislocation in older children, in which pre-reduction skeletal traction and economical shortening of the femoral segment are rationally combined to lower the femoral head.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2011 to 2021, we observed 13 patients aged 513 years with grade 4 high unilateral congenital hip dislocation according to the international Tonnis classification.
RESULTS: The treatment results were traced for 19 years. When assessing hip joint function according to McKay criteria, excellent and good results were obtained in 84.6% of the patients. X-ray evaluation by Severin also included 84.6% in groups 1 and 2. Signs of avascular necrosis of the femoral head according to the criteria of Kalamchi and MacEwen were detected in four patients (group 1, n = 2; group 2, n = 1; group 3, n = 1). The difference in the length of the n/limbs in eight patients was 1.5 cm on average, and in the remaining children, a clinically insignificant asymmetry was observed in the length of the n/limbs, i.e., 0.50.7 cm.
CONCLUSIONS: The choice of the method of surgical correction of high hip dislocation largely depends on the age of the child. In children aged 5 years, with a significant displacement of the femoral head and limb shortening, a combination of reduction methods is rational, i.e., use of preoperative skeletal traction with economical shortening of the femoral segment, open reduction, and correction of the acetabulum. The optimal combination of the distraction method and surgical correction makes it possible to achieve successful reduction and a good functional result.
Hip arthroplasty using the cartilaginous part of the greater trochanter in the treatment of the sequelae of epiphysal osteomyelitis in children
Authors: Belokrylov Nikolay M. , Polyakova Natalia V. , Belokrylov Aleksei N. , Antonov Dmitrii V. , Zhuzhgov Evgeniy A.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Alternative methods of hip arthroplasty as a result of the complete destruction of the epiphysis and femoral neck using the preserved part of the apophysis of this segment are not widely reported, which may be useful for specialists who are faced with the choice of providing such assistance.
AIM: To present the long-term results of treating children with the hip joint reconstruction method developed in the clinic using trochanteric arthroplasty by utilizing the intact cartilaginous part of the greater trochanter apophysis for the treatment of defects resulting from osteolysis of the femoral head and neck after epiphyseal osteomyelitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of the surgical treatment of seven children (two of them had a bilateral process) who underwent reconstruction of nine hip joints according to the proposed method were analyzed. The procedures were performed at the age of 210 years. The intervention involved the surgical preparation of the acetabulum with repositioning of the greater trochanter after proximal angulation osteotomy of the hip at the metadiaphyseal level. In four patients with a unilateral process, Salter innominate osteotomy was additionally performed in one or two stages. In five patients with a unilateral process with further growth, limb lengthening was performed. The efficiency index was evaluated using both anatomical and functional results. In a bilateral process, the assessment considered the function of the worst operated joints.
RESULTS: In six children, good and, in one child with a bilateral process, satisfactory long-term clinical and functional results were obtained (assessed 1020 years after the first reconstructive surgery). All of them had restored limb support without pain, with a sufficient range of motion. The method was organ-preserving, which enabled an opportunity for walking, and an anatomically favorable situation for further arthroplasty has been created, the timing of which has been postponed to a mature period.
CONCLUSIONS: The method developed in the clinic for the surgical use of the greater trochanter for the reconstruction of the hip joint after infectious osteolysis of the head and neck of the femur is effective, allowing for a long time to maintain leg support using the patients tissues.
Psychological analysis of the life situation of adolescents with orthopedic diseases
Authors: Pyatakova Galina V. , Okoneshnikova Olga V. , Vissarionov Sergei V.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: The situational approach is a promising direction in the study of the determinants of mental development and behaviors in modern psychological research. This study considered the possibility of using a situational approach in the study of psychological problems of children and adolescents with orthopedic diseases and discussed the objective and subjective characteristics of the life situation associated with orthopedic diseases and surgical treatment.
AIM: The study aimed to examine the peculiarities of life situations in adolescents with various orthopedic diseases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved adolescents aged 1217 years diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis (n = 54) and juvenile chronic arthritis (n = 44) and healthy adolescents (n = 43). Clinicalpsychological and psychodiagnostic methods were used. Mathematical and statistical data processing was carried out.
RESULTS: The life situation of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and juvenile chronic arthritis was characterized by events that cause traumatic experiences. Objective factors of the life situation and traumatic life events presented in the mental picture of the disease of adolescents agree with the pronounced emotional problems of patients with orthopedic diseases. Compared with healthy adolescents, adolescents with orthopedic diseases had higher general index of PTS, which indicates a pronounced subjective difficulty of the life situation of adolescents with orthopedic diseases. The results are confirmed by the severity of the subjective negative emotional reactions to certain characteristics of the disease. The objective and subjective characteristics of the life situation of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and juvenile chronic arthritis may determine the degree of difficulty and the degree of risk in the occurrence of emotional trauma for illness, hospitalization, and treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: Understanding the life difficulties of adolescents with orthopedic diseases can improve the prediction of behavioral problems and adaptation opportunities in hospital settings and provide timely psychological assistance to adolescents with severe orthopedic diseases, taking into account situational variables.
Use the Orto-SUV frame in children with congenital radial clubhand: A clinical case
Authors: Avdeychik Natalia V. , Zakharyan Ekaterina A. , Grankin Denis Y. , Safonov Andrey V.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: The shortening of the forearm in children with congenital radial clubhand and multi-plane deformity of the ulna is challenging to treat by surgery. The literature shows single studies using the Ortho-SUV frame for the correction of forearm deformity in multiple exostosis chondrodysplasia and patients with posttraumatic deformities.
CLINICAL CASE: A 17-year-old patient with congenital radial clubhand who had a relapse of hand deviation undergo correction of forearm deformity. The elimination of radial hand deviation and ulnar deformity correction in the distal part with subsequent elongation were performed.
DISCUSSION: No data on the use of the Ortho-SUV frame for the correction of ulnar multiplanar deformity in radial clubhand are available. Indicators, i.e., fixation index, osteosynthesis index, lengthening, and complications, were compared with the indicators used for ulnar elongation with a small angle of radial deviation of the hand.
CONCLUSIONS: Personalized plan of forearm deformity correction based on the anatomical features of the congenital radial clubhand and X-ray indicators allowed achieving good cosmetic and functional results.
Speech development in children with sequelae of obstetrics palsy
Authors: Agranovich Olga E. , Agranovich Zoya E. , Ermolovich Evgeniya I. , Petrova Ekaterina V. , Blagovechtchenski Evgeny D.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Obstetrics plexus occurs in 0.44 cases per 1000 newborns. Moreover, 70%92% of the patients have mild injuries that spontaneously recover within 2 months after delivery, and the remaining patients have secondary deformities of the limbs, leading to motor disorders of varying severities. Studies have reported that the limited or absence of hand motor functions can lead to cognitive deficits and speech underdevelopment.
AIM: To study the features of speech development in children with obstetrics palsy.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 2020 to 2021, we performed speech examination of 33 children with obstetrics palsy from the age of 315 (average age, 8.10 3.71) years. All patients were divided into four groups: group 1 (34 years, n = 6), group 2 (56 years, n = 10), group 3 (710 years, n = 9), and group 4 (1115 years, n = 8). Speech examination and orthopedic, neurological, and statistical tests were performed. The results of the examination were analyzed statistically.
RESULTS: In this study, 78.8% of the patients with obstetric palsy had speech pathology. Children with speech disorders had more severe neurology and motor disturbance than children without speech pathology. In group 1, speech disorders were identified in 66.7%; group 2, 90.0%; group 3, 66.7%; group 4, 87.5%. Group 1 had speech development delay and phoneticphonemic underdevelopment. Group 2 had general speech underdevelopment and phoneticphonemic underdevelopment. Group 3 had general speech, lexicalgrammatical, and phoneticphonemic underdevelopment, Group 4 had general speech and lexicalgrammatical underdevelopment. Moreover, 73.1% of the children had minimal dysarthria (predominantly in children of groups 1 and 2). Groups 3 and 4 had written expression disorder.
CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates a high incidence of speech disorders in children with obstetrics palsy. These children demand early speech examination and timely correction of existing disorders.
Reconstructive surgery in the treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia in children using microsurgical techniques: Reconstruction or amputation?
Authors: Zakharyan Ekaterina A. , Chigvariya Nikolay G. , Garkavenko Yuriy E. , Pozdeev Alexander P. , Grankin Denis Y. , Afonichev Konstantin A.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Numerous methods are available for the treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia, but none of them offers a 100% satisfactory result and does not exclude the development of repeated refractories. One of the treatment methods is vascularized transplantation of a fragment of the fibula into the position of the defect of the tibia. However, the achievement of consolidation of the bone fragments of the lower leg does not stop the series of interventions necessary to restore the function of the affected segment. Therefore, specialists were asked about the advisability of performing amputations as an alternative to long-term and multistage interventions.
AIM: To analyze the results of the use of microsurgical techniques for the treatment of patients with congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia and, using the example of a patient, to show the way of multistage reconstruction of the lower limb.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of the use of microsurgical techniques in the elimination of a defect in the bones of the leg in five patients with congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia were analyzed. Age, sex, presence of type 1 neurofibromatosis, bone defect size, autograft size, duration of consolidation, osteosynthesis index, refractory, range of joint motion, and secondary deformities of the segments after consolidation were assessed. The course of the patient when performing severe reconstructive interventions to restore the weight-bearing capacity of the limb was described. Vascularized autograft transplantation was performed by a qualified microsurgical team.
RESULTS: The mean age was 7.8 2.2 years. Boys predominated, and type 1 neurofibromatosis was detected in 60% of the cases. The average defect size was 8.8 1.6 cm, and the autograft size was 10.8 1.6 cm. The duration of fixation was 260 90 days, and the fixation index was 24.6 10.6 days/cm. In two cases, 1 year after the fibula transfer, refractories were noted at the bonegraft interface. In 100% of the cases, patients had fibrous ankylosis at the level of the ankle joint, with a loss of functional range of motion, and in 40% of cases, there were flexionextension contractures of the knee joints with an extension deficit of up to 20. For this observation period, 3 of 5 patients underwent additional surgical interventions to correct the deformities of the affected limb.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of VFT in patients with congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia allows restoring the integrity of the tibia. Multiple interventions performed on the same segment can lead to irreversible secondary changes in adjacent joints and loss of function of this limb.
Classifications of congenital hand deformities: View through the prism of time
Authors: Oppedisano Mikhail G. L. , Artyukh Linard Y. , Karelina Natalia R.
Published: December 2022

This medico-historical analysis focused on the formation of present classifications of congenital hand deformities. Its implementation became possible thanks to the study of 163 literary sources, the search of which was carried out in the scientometric databases of Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. The depth of the exploration has exceeded 180 years (from 1829 to 2017). Those dates make obvious that the initial steps in the systematization of regarded vices were taken in 18th19th centuries. Publications at that time became the foundation that pushed many scientists to develop the wide range of descriptive classifications. The complexity of their practical use required the creation of fundamentally different concepts of dividing anomalies. It became possible due to the discovery of the embryogenesis of the hand. The result of long-term studies was the acceptance of the actual method of the systematization of upper limb defects by IFSSH in 2014. The comprehension of stages, preceding its formation, is quite important for the medical community and facilitates the assessment of individual patients features.
Multistage surgical treatment of early-onset scoliosis in patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: A series of observations
Authors: Mikhaylovskiy Mikhail V. , Suzdalov Vasiliy A.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: EhlersDanlos syndrome (EDS) is a group of hereditary pathological conditions caused by various disorders of collagen biosynthesis. The study analyzed the results of multistage surgical treatment of early scoliosis in patients with severe spinal deformities due to EDS. No similar observations have been found in the literature.
CLINICAL CASES: Four patients with a verified diagnosis of EDS and progressive spinal deformities were subjected to multistage surgical treatment using the VEPTRII instrumentation, which included periodic distractions and final spinal fusion with segmental instrumentation. Stage-by-stage surgical treatment was initiated from the age of 3 to 6 years. In 3 of 4 cases, the kyphotic component prevailed over the scoliotic one (86140 vs. 21110). The number of staged distractions ranged from 6 to 10. The age of the final stage (correction and dorsal fusion) was 914 years (surgery was performed in three of four cases). The primary correction was 3056, the loss of correction before the final stage was 1435, and the correction during the final stage was 2240. A significant correction of the frontal and sagittal imbalances of the spine was noted. Blood loss during the final fusion was 540750 mL, and the operation time was 310350 min. Ten complications occurred, of which 9 were associated with implants and disappeared during staged distractions. No neurological and vascular complications occurred.
DISCUSSION: Scoliosis occurring in the first decade of life in patients with EDS is characterized by early-onset, rapid progression, and tendency to form a significant kyphotic component of spinal deformity.
CONCLUSIONS: Multistage treatment of early scoliosis in patients with EDS using VEPTRII tools allows for obtaining quite satisfactory results and has not severe complications. The final fusion gives a significant corrective effect; however, new research and accumulation of data are needed to optimize the treatment process.
Evaluation of radiological indices of the spine and pelvis ratios in children with a severe form of slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Authors: Barsukov Dmitriy B. , Bortulev Pavel I. , Vissarionov Sergei V. , Pozdnikin Ivan Y. , Baskaeva Tamila V.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Slipped capital femoral epiphysis is one of the most severe diseases of the hip joint in children and is characterized by the displacement of the proximal femoral epiphysis, occurring as a result of a decrease in the mechanical strength of its growth plate. Some pathological processes in the hip joints and lumbosacral spine cause changes in the position (vergence) of the pelvis in the sagittal plane and the development of degenerative dystrophic diseases. The analysis of the spinepelvis relationships in children with slipped capital femoral epiphysis may provide the basis for the development of new approaches to the surgical correction of the deformity of the hip component of the affected joint.
AIM: To assess the radiological parameters of the frontal and sagittal spinepelvis relations in children with proximal femur deformity in slipped capital femoral epiphysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 30 patients (30 hips) aged 1114 years with a severe form of slipped capital femoral epiphysis characterized by the presence of a posterior displacement of the epiphysis of 60 combined with the downward displacement of no more than 10 in one of the joints and absence of displacement (pre-slip stage) in the other. Patients underwent clinical and radiological examinations. The radiographs taken in the standing position were used to assess the values of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis, pelvic incidence (PI), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), and spinesacral angle (SSA). The obtained data were subjected to statistical processing.
RESULTS: The patients had pelvic retroversion (decreased values of the PI and SS indices and increased PT index) and formed hypolordotic type of vertical posture according to P. Roussouly classification. In addition, thoracic hyperkyphosis occurred, and the SVA shifted to the front, which can be considered a mechanism of trunk balance compensation for the existing pelvic retroversion and reduction of lumbar lordosis to maintain the ability to move in an upright position.
CONCLUSIONS: Children with this severe form of slipped capital femoral epiphysis are characterized by pelvic retroversion, decreased lumbar lordosis and increased thoracic kyphosis, positive trunk imbalance, and PT toward the affected limb. Planning and reconstructive restorative interventions on the affected hip joint should consider existing pathological changes to restore the correct spinepelvis relationships and prevent degenerative dystrophic processes in the lumbosacral spine.
Sacral neuromodulation in pediatric bladder and bowel dysfunctions: Literature review
Authors: Khodorovskaya Alina M. , Novikov Vladimir A. , Zvozil Alexey V. , Umnov Valery V. , Umnov Dmitry V. , Zharkov Dmitry S. , Vissarionov Sergei V.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Sacral neuromodulation is a neurosurgical method for the correction of bladder and bowel dysfunctions of various origins that are refractory to conservative treatment.
AIM: To analyze chronic sacral neurostimulation results as a correction method for pediatric bladder and bowel dysfunction of various origins.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of chronic sacral neurostimulation for treating urination and defecation disorders of various origins in children reported in the world literature were analyzed. The literature search was performed in the open electronic scientific databases eLIBRARY, PubMed, and Cochrane Library. The source selection was limited by 20022022.
RESULTS: Most authors report good and satisfactory results in the treatment of bladder and bowel dysfunction by sacral neurostimulation. However, the level of evidence on the effectiveness of sacral neurostimulation remains low because data were obtained from small and heterogeneous groups of patients and studies employed different criteria for inclusion and methods for analyzing the results.
CONCLUSIONS: Conducting randomized trials will allow for the assessment of the efficacy and safety of sacral neuromodulation in children with bladder and bowel dysfunctions of various origins that are refractory to standard conservative treatment.
Surgical treatment of children with asymmetric pectus excavatum: Literature review
Authors: Dolgiev Bahauddin H. , Ryzhikov Dmitriy V. , Vissarionov Sergei V.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: The surgical treatment of children with pectus excavatum is regarded as an urgent problem still demanding solution despite the multitudes of surgical correction methods available nowadays. The currently available well-known techniques cannot be considered perfect because they are not proper enough for solving all the tasks, not to mention the problem of asymmetric forms of pectus excavatum treatment.
AIM: To analyze publications containing information on the methods of surgical treatment used for children with pectus excavatum.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study presents the results of literature review on the methods of surgical correction of pectus excavatum. Information was retrieved in PubMed, Google Scholar, and eLibrary scientific databases using keywords. Consequently, 63 foreign and domestic scientific sources over the period from 1609 to 2022 were identified. Among them, 29 publications refer to the latest decade.
RESULTS: Given the variety of methods used for chest deformity correction, thoracoplasty by D. Nuss has become the gold standard for the treatment of pectus excavatum. However, according to the search results, it is impossible to name one universal method of surgical intervention that could solve all the urgent problems at present. Modern surgery methods used for pectus excavatum correction can be considered only as modifications of treatment methods having been used before.
CONCLUSIONS: The shortcomings of modern thoracoplasty determine the necessity to keep searching for new techniques and improve those available at present. Besides, the standard suitable for both surgeons and patients should be elaborated.
Free flaps to replace extensive and deep limb defects in children
Authors: Grankin Denis Y. , Golyana Sergey I. , Avdeychik Natalia V. , Safonov Andrey V. , Tikhonenko Tatyana I. , Galkina Natalia S. , Zakharyan Ekaterina A. , Afonichev Konstantin A. , Arakelian Anastasia I.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Extensive and deep limb defects remain a difficult problem of reconstructive surgery in children. Free microsurgical flaps are used to resolve this problem. Free flaps can be complex in composition and include muscles and bone parts, which allow replacing large and multicomponent limb defects. The technique is used in patients with posttraumatic deformities, burns, acquired limb deformities, and congenital deformities of the extremities.
AIM: To retrospectively analyze free flaps in children for the replacement of limb defects.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This single-center retrospective study analyzed 120 cases of microsurgical autotransplantation of free flaps to replace defects of the upper and lower extremities in children. The patients were children aged 117 years who had injuries and burns, acquired limb deformities, and congenital limb deformities.
RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 9.5 years, and 72% of the patients were boys. Moreover, 95% of the children had posttraumatic deformities, burns, and acquired pathologies. Free latissimus dorsi flaps were used in 70% of the patients. The recipient area was the upper limb in 53% of the cases. The survival rate of free flaps was 96%. The general surgical complications were inflammation, pneumothorax, deformities, and specific vascular thrombosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Replacement of extensive limb defects with free flaps remains a practical method in children.
Target temperature of local cryotherapy
Authors: Saakyan Natalia Y. , Pushkarev Aleksander V.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: local cryotherapy (LC) is a promising method of treating various diseases, as a result of which the effects of anesthesia and reduction of inflammation are achieved. The main factor of efficiency from a physical point of view is the achievement of the target temperature on the surface of the impact area. At the same time, during the procedure, the surface temperature of the tissue should not fall below the minimum permissible the limit temperature for safety.
AIMS: identification of the range of target and limit temperatures in terms of safety parameters based on the results of literature analysis, carrying out experiments with the use of ice bag for cooling the biotissue phantom, determining the most appropriate impact modes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: a series of experiments was carried out on the developed stand to compare the two modes of the contact method of LC, depending on the working substance used (sodium chloride solution, a mixture of ice and water). The comparison was carried out according to the following parameters: the time to reach the target temperature on the surface, the temperature at the depth of the model medium. The temperature was measured by resistance thermometers (Pt100).
RESULTS: when cooled with a sodium chloride solution, the surface temperature of the model medium dropped to 10 C in 6 minutes of exposure, and after 17 minutes reached its minimum value of 6.2 C. In the case of using a mixture of water and ice, the minimum temperature of 12.5 C was reached in 58 minutes. The minimum temperature at a depth of 8 mm in both cases was approximately the same and was about 17 C. It was reached by 19 minutes with a solution of sodium chloride and for 58 minutes with a mixture of water and ice.
CONCLUSIONS: as a result of the experiments carried out, the most suitable contact cooling mode with the use of ice bag was determined - a mode using sodium chloride as a working substance with an initial temperature of minus 18.4 C with a possible impact time from 6 to 19 minutes.
MANAGEMENT OF CORN CICADA WITH BIOINSUMOS A BASE OF FUNGUS (BEAUVERIA BASSIANA)
Authors: Brasil  , Vanessa SAUER Aline , L. CANCELLIER Eduardo , Diego Peña Gonzalo
Published: December 2022

Bioinsumos are governed by Federal Decree no. 10. 375 of May 26, 2020, which uses in its attributions, bioinsumption is considered the product, process or technology of plant, animal or microbial origin, intended for use in the production, storage and processing of agricultural products, in aquatic production systems or planted forests, which positively interfere in the growth, development and response mechanism of animals, plants, microorganisms and derived substances and that interact with products and physicochemical and biological processes. The bioinputs compatibility test was performed using the fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., strain PL63 (minimum of 1 x 108 viable conidia/ge and Isaria fumosorosea CEPA ESALQ-1296 (min. of 2.5 x 109 viable conidia/mL) at a dose of (500 gr/ha) associated with the insecticide based on Bifenthrin + Carbosulfan (600 mL/ha). In the field, the experiment was conducted in Sitio Santa Maria in the Municipality of Bandeirantes-PR located between the coordinates 50º37'63" WO and 23º15'79" S. Data collection was performed over a period of 4 months, with 1 crop in the management of corn culture. Soil analysis was performed (0 to 20 cm depth).  The work for the evaluation of the fungus and insecticide, being carried out in the field, when the plants presented in the phase V2, V4, V6.  The evaluations took place at 3, 7, 10, 14 days, after each application, total area considered (m2). The experimental design used was randomized blocks with 4 repetitions, with 15.75 m² plots (2.25 x 7) and spacing of 45 centimeters between rows, constituting 6 treatments, totaling 24 plots.
POLITICAL IDEOLOGY OF SIBERIAN DEMOCRATIC REGIONALISM (OBLASTNICHESTVO) IN THE INTERPRETATIONS OF MODERN FOREIGN RESEARCHERS
Authors: Golovinov Aleksandr V.
Published: December 2022

Aim. To identify and show interpretive assessments of the political ideology of Siberian democratic regionalism in the latest foreign studies.

Methodology.The current study is based on historiographical methodology. The main instrument of the study is political and textual analysis of foreign researches by British, American, European and non-Western authors.

Results.The author establishes the contours of the modern Anglo-American, European and non-Western narrative in understanding the ideology of Siberian regionalism (regionalism).

Research implications.The work has both scientific and academic and practical significance. In terms of research, this study sheds light on the interpretation of the essence and content of the political ideology of Siberian democratic regionalism. We believe these results can be useful for a wide range of researchers involved in the problems of Russian political thought. From the practical point of view, this work can be used in the development of state programs and strategies of counteracting the cultivation of secession-oriented ideas by the unfriendly West. The results of the work done may be implemented in the regional and national policy of modern Russia in order to preserve the internal political stability and territorial integrity of the country.
Symptoms, Ways of Transmission and How to Prevent Monkeypox Virus
Authors: Bagheri Sheykhangafshe Farzin
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Monkeypox is a double-stranded virus of the genus Orthopoxvirus, which is transmitted by animals to humans. Monkey pox is a double-stranded virus of the orthopoxvirus genus that is transmitted to humans by animals. So far, two main species of monkeypox have been identified in West Africa and the Congo Basin. The way the monkeypox virus spreads is often through respiratory particles and direct contact with skin lesions. The initial symptoms of monkeypox include headache, muscle pain, fever, and body aches. On the body of the sufferers, bumps in the form of boils will gradually appear, which will become blisters. Many cases in recent outbreaks have been attributed to sexual transmission; specially among men who identify as gay, bisexual, or men who have sex with men. The virus can also be transmitted through direct contact with infected wounds, body fluids, and shared bedding/clothing. Monkeypox is a dangerous disease that can affect the mental health of patients. Previous studies indicate that the monkeypox virus leads to social stigma, anxiety, thoughts and behaviors related to suicide in infected people. Considering that several cases of monkeypox have been identified inside Iran, measures should be taken to make people aware of the symptoms and transmission of this virus, so that we do not witness the spread of another epidemic after COVID-19.
Review of Anti-inflammatory and Immunosuppressive Drugs Used in COVID-19 Epidemic
Authors: Assadiasl Sara
Published: December 2022

Introduction Immunosuppressive drugs are classified into different groups depending on the mechanism of action and are used in the control of acute and chronic inflammatory disorders. Considering the possibility of severe inflammatory complications such as acute respiratory failure and cytokine storm in the patients with COVID-19, there is a need to review the updated data on the effectiveness and side effects of administering these drugs in patients. In the present article, along with the brief introduction of different categories of immunosuppressive medications, positive and negative effects of using these drugs in corona patients have been discussed.
Conclusion: Taken together, it seems that the administration of immunosuppressive drugs has positive effects on COVID-19 patients. Reduced need for mechanical ventilation, decreased admission to the intensive care unit, promotion of acute symptoms, and decreased mortality rate, especially in critically ill patients are some of these advantages. However, the possibility of treatment prolongation and increased risk of bacterial and fungal infections should be kept in mind. Maintaining a balance in the doses and duration of immunosuppressant drugs might diminish their adverse effects.
Anatomic Situation of Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Images in Maxillary Molar Region
Authors: Haerian Hoda , Ezodini Fatemeh , Saafi Yaser
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Bleeding is an important complication during implant placement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomic situation of the posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images in maxillary molar region in an Iranian population.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, CBCT scans of the edentulous regions of the posterior maxilla were participants to examine the location and anatomical features of the PSAA. 300 CBCT scans of patients with the mean age of 48.79 years were used. The CBCT scans had been obtained by Scanora 3D (Soredex, Tuusula, Finland). The diameter and the PSAA distance to the alveolar crest was measured by OnDemand 3D software on cross sectional and coronal sections. Data were analyzed through the Chi-Square, T-Test, ANOVA and Exact Fisher tests using the SPSS software (version 23).
Results: Out of 300 images, the PSAA was observed in 203 (67.6%) ones. The artery was slightly more observable in males (68.8%) compared to females (66.4%). Although the difference was not significant (p-value: 0.711). The mean artery diameter and distance to alveolar crest were higher in males (1.33±0.64 mm; 18.016±4.78 mm, respectively) compared to females (1.12 ±0.47 mm; 17.885±4.31 mm). Only the difference between the diameters was significant (p-value: 0.008).
Conclusion: According to this study, with the increase of age, the diameter and distance of the artery to bone crest decreases. The mean artery diameter and distance to bone crest is higher in males compared to females.