bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To the derivation of relativistic hydrodynamic equations for a rarefied non-ideal gas system of high-energy particles in the framework of Tsallis statistics
Authors: Kolesnichenko Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Published: February 2024

The paper discusses the construction of non-extensive relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics of an anomalous hadronic fluid on the basis of relativistic kinetic equation, obtained earlier in the context of the Tsallis statistics, characterized by the nonextensivity parameter q, and taking into account correlation effects (by rejecting the standard hypothesis of molecular chaos) in the collision term for heavy ions. It is shown that some specific form of local thermal equilibrium quark-gluon matter is described by a generalized version of the relativistic Yüttner distribution. With the help of this distribution all thermodynamic parameters of state are defined in explicit form. Linear constitutive relations and transport coefficients such as shear viscosity, bulk viscosity and heat conductivity are derived from the linearized collision integral written in the Anderson-Witting form and evaluated using a relaxation time approximation. The designed non-extensive relativistic fluid dynamics is designed to simulate a wide range of phenomena in astrophysics, cosmology and high-energy physics.
Simulation of dense aluminum plasma under intense x-rays
Authors: Kim Dmitrii Andreevich , Vichev Ilia Yurievich , Solomyannaya Anna Dmitrievna , Grushin Alexander Sergeevich
Published: February 2024

We used the THERMOS code to calculate properties of hot dense aluminum plasma created and probed by ultrashort intense X-ray pulses generated by a free-electron laser at the LCLS facility. In our simulations we accented on taking into account the ionization potentials depression and considered both the stationary and non-stationary approaches. The calculation results reproduced the main experimental observations qualitatively and were in good agreement with other published simulations. As it turned out, despite the shortness of the X-ray impact, the non-stationary effects were rather negligible in contrast to those of the ionization potentials depression.
Continual modeling of processes of homo-geterogeneous melting and fragmentation of metal by ultrashort laser pulse
Authors: Mazhukin Vladimir Ivanovich , Demin Mikhail Mikhailovich , Shapranov Aleksandr Viktorovich , Bykovskaya Elena Nikolaevna
Published: February 2024

The mechanism of homo-heterogeneous melting of aluminum with subsequent fragmentation of the melt under the influence of an ultrashort laser pulse is implemented within the framework of a nonequilibrium continuum model with dynamically adapting computational grids. The interaction of slow heterogeneous and fast homogeneous melting is investigated. Melt parameters and features of mechanical fragmentation of the liquid phase of the metal due to negative pressure developing in the hydrodynamic unloading wave are determined.
Analisis Kualitas Tes dan Butir Soal Integral pada Evaluasi Formatif Matematika Teknik
Authors: Trianingsih Lilis
Published: February 2024

Abstrak: Analisis kualitas butir soal pilihan ganda merupakan alat penting untuk mengidentifikasi item yang dapat dipertahankan, direvisi, atau dikeluarkan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menguji kualitas item berdasarkan validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran, daya pembeda, dan efek pengecoh. Metode penelitian berfokus pada item analysis dari 35 soal pilihan ganda yang dilakukan untuk 83 mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Bangunan. Sampel penelitian adalah total sampling. Analisis statistik menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan IBM SPSS. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui LMS spada.uns.ac.id. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil analisis menghasilkan validitas isi 0,89, konstruk 97,14%, valid.  Reliabilitas Kuder-Richardson 0,876 dan Intraclass Correlation Coefficient 0,880, reliabilitas tinggi. Difficulty index (DIF I) 28 (80%) soal memiliki tingkat kesukaran baik, tiga (8,57%) terlalu sulit, empat (11,43%) terlalu mudah, dan Mean ± SD 61,83% ± 16,61%. Discrimination index (DI) 35 (100%) soal memiliki daya pembeda yang dapat diterima hingga sangat baik dengan Mean±SD 53,90% ± 17,26%. Distractor effectiveness (DE) Mean ± SD 92,86% ± 17,75% dengan 92,86% distraktor fungsional secara keseluruhan. Dari keseluruhan hasil analisis disimpulkan butir soal tes integral pada evaluasi formatif Matematika Teknik memiliki kualitas soal yang baik untuk penilaian kognitif mahasiswa. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat dilakukan investigasi tentang korelasi DIF I, DI, dan DE untuk meningkatkan kualitas item pada bank soal.

Abstract: The item analysis of multiple choice questions (MCQ) is essential for identifying items that can be retained, revised, or removed. The research analyzes items' quality based on validity, reliability, difficulty index, discrimination index, and distractor effectiveness. The study focuses on item analysis of 35 MCQ administered to 83 Building Engineering Education students. The research sample is total sampling—statistical analysis using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS—data analysis quantitative descriptive analysis. The study results had a content validity of 0.89 and a construct of 97.14%, which is valid—Kuder-Richardson reliability of 0.876 and Intreclass Correlation Coefficient of 0.880, high reliability. Difficulty index (DIF I) 28 (80%) items had a good difficulty, three (8.57%) were too difficult, four (11.43%) were too easy, Mean ± SD 61.83% ± 16.61%. Discrimination index (DI) 35 (100%) items are acceptable to excellent with Mean ± SD 53.90% ± 17.26%. Distractor effectiveness (DE) Mean ± SD 92.86% ± 17.75% with 92.86% functional distractors. The study concluded that the integral test in the formative evaluation of Engineering Mathematics had good-quality questions for students' cognitive assessment. Further research investigates the correlation of DIF I, DI, and DE to enhance the quality of items in the question bank.
Akuntabilitas dan Kinerja: Telaah pada Program Dana Desa
Authors: Anggraini Ratna
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

 

Currently several countries are shifting of their development program from urban-centred development and are now starting to be engaged in rural development. As developing country, the Indonesian government support the sustainable development program issue Village Regulation in 2014 focus more on development from rural areas. This Program is named the Village Fund Program (VFP), which began in 2015. This study aims to determine the accountability achievements in VFP implementation in Indonesian government,explore obstacles, and find solutions by gathering opinions from interested parties. This research will be conducted using a qualitative method, with archival research from published data has been used to evaluate program accountability function and implementation in VFP and its impact on social welfare. The results of the showed that accountability has an important function. However, in its implementation, it must be improved to provide an optimal effect on VFP implementation since there are several issues in accountability implementation. This study is expected to improve the implementation of the VFP, particularly in the accountability process and to measure program performance.

 Keywords: Village Fund Program (VFP), accountability, performance.

 

ABSTRAK

Sejumlah negara didunia mencanangkan program pembangunan berkelanjutan dengan fokus pembangunan dari pembangunan yang berpusat pada perkotaan menuju fokus pembangunan pedesaan. Sebagai negara berkembang, pemerintah Indonesia mendukung program pembangunan berkelanjutan dengan mengeluarkan Peraturan Desa pada tahun 2014 yang lebih fokus pada pembangunan dari pedesaan. Program ini diberi nama Program Dana Desa (PDD) yang dimulai pada tahun 2015. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui capaian akuntabilitas implementasi PDD pemerintahan Indonesia , menelusuri kendala-kendala yang ada dan.  memberikan solusi untuk meningkatkan pencapaian PDD.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan penelitian arsip dari data yang dipublikasikan oleh pihak-pihak yang kompeten seperti laporan BPK, Data dari BPS dll, untuk mengevaluasi fungsi akuntabilitas program dan implementasi di PDD serta dampaknya terhadap kesejahteraan sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akuntabilitas mempunyai fungsi yang penting dan dilaksanakan dengan baik. Namun demikian dalam implementasinya masih perlu ditingkatkan agar memberikan efek optimal pada implementasi PDD. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan implementasi PDD, khususnya dalam proses akuntabilitas dan pengukuran kinerja program.

Kata Kunci: Program Dana Desa (PDD), akuntabilitas, kinerja.
Learning basic physics in Pharmacy Study Program with systems thinking skills needed by pharmacy students
Authors: Dhina Meiry Akmara , Kaniawati Ida , Yustiana Yusi Riksa
Published: February 2024

This research is a preliminary study aimed at analyzing the methods of teaching basic physics applied in the pharmacy program, as well as its implications for the relevance of physics concepts in pharmacy courses and the development of students' system thinking skills. A cross-sectional survey method was used, employing a structured questionnaire based on the Likert scale, involving physics course instructors from private and public universities. The research findings indicate that, although basic physics has significant potential in contributing to the development of the system thinking skills required by pharmacy graduates, challenges in integrating physics concepts with pharmacy courses still exist. The pharmacy curriculum's focus on pharmaceutical and health aspects may overlook students' understanding of basic physics. Therefore, the importance of developing teaching methods and physics laboratory practices that are appropriate for the pharmacy context becomes clearer. This research concluded that there is a need for the development of more suitable learning methods for basic physics courses in the pharmacy program, with an emphasis on developing system thinking skills crucial in the field of health, and the integration of pharmacy laboratories as a learning support. This is expected to enhance the understanding of physics concepts in the pharmacy context and build relevant system thinking skills for graduates of the pharmacy program.
E-comic as a media to build an understanding of newtons concepts
Authors: Khoiri Nur , Lilyani Feby Sella Tutut , Wijayanto Wijayanto
Published: February 2024

This research aims to create effective physics e-comic learning media to help students understand Newton’s concepts. The Research and Development method was used in conjunction with a 4-D development model that consists of four stages: definition, design, development, and dissemination. At the definition stage, a series of needs analysis was carried out, collecting and analyzing information. After a series of definitions had been formulated, the next step was to design. This stage involved designing the product that would be created in accordance with the previously completed definition formula. After the design stage was completed, the designing stage consisted of two steps, namely expert appraisal (expert assessment), accompanied by revisions and developmental testing (development trials) up to the deployment stage. A limited trial on 27 students of class VIII from SMP Negeri 15 Semarang resulted in an increase of 80% in student learning outcomes in final physics learning with the criteria “very feasible.” Based on limited trials, the e-comic media developed was effective and could be used as a physics learning medium to build understanding of Newtonian material physics concepts. This research could serve as a foundation for several other studies that employed diverse and innovative learning media, such as e-comics, which could have ramifications for readers’ understanding of several concepts related to their cognitive abilities.
Exploration of science teacher identity construction through various lived experiences
Authors: Herdhiyani Ari Dhinansah , Purwaningsih Endang , Hidayat Arif
Published: February 2024

Identity is the construction of interpretations of life experiences in certain contexts, resulting in self-understanding. This research, with a single case study design, aims to explore the identity of science teachers in various contexts of Figured Worlds. The research participant is a science teacher named Yuni (pseudonym), who has a background in Physics Education. Data were collected through two semi-structured interviews. The results revealed how Yuni interpreted science-related life experiences in Figured Worlds to construct her identity. The researchers concluded that although, throughout Yuni's experience, she was not interested in becoming a teacher, she was able to become an outstanding teacher through her scientific papers.
Development of augmented reality-based physics learning media on magnetic field
Authors: Sholeh Muhammad , Haryanto Zeni , Zulkarnaen Zulkarnaen
Published: February 2024

Physics is a science that is the basis for technological developments. Physics consists of many abstract concepts that make it difficult for students to understand—for example, magnetic field matter. Therefore, learning media could deliver information to students are needed. It allows teachers to design various learning media through dynamic representations such as Augmented Reality or AR. This study aims to determine the feasibility and response of students to AR-based learning media on the topic of magnetic field development. This research is R&D type with an ADDIE model. The validators are media experts, two material experts, and an educator validating upon feasibility test. Then, 96 12th-grade students as research subjects in the product trial stage to obtain student responses. The feasibility test results from the media aspect are 91%, and the material aspect is 89%, which overall is 90% in the very feasible category. The product trial results found that student response was 85% in the very good category. Based on the study's results, AR-based learning media on magnetic fields is feasible to support physics learning.
Hybrid discovery learning: Solutions for optimizing students' critical thinking and ICT skills on temperature fluctuations material
Authors: Aji Sudi Dul , Ayu Hena Dian , Rosita Mila , Prawira Cholisina Anik
Published: February 2024

This research aims to optimize the critical thinking skills and information communication technology (ICT skills) of students regarding temperature fluctuations material through the implementation of a hybrid discovery learning method. The hybrid discovery learning method provides the efficacy and efficiency of the physics learning process at three Malang Junior High Schools. The type of research used was quasi-experimental with a post-test only group design. There were 143 students enrolled in this research, divided into six study groups. The experimental class consisted of 74 students, while the control class comprised 69 students. The data were collected using a multiple-choice test instrument that evaluated critical thinking skills at the cognitive level. The experimental group achieved an average score of 71.1, while the control group achieved 60.1. Furthermore, data pertaining to ICT skill was gathered through the utilization of observation sheet and questionnaires during the learning process. The Wilk’s Lambda in the Manova test gave results of Sig. (0,000) < (0,05). This demonstrates that the hybrid discovery learning model influences students' critical thinking and ICT skills. Therefore, the implementation of the hybrid discovery learning to temperature fluctuations material can optimize the learning process on the critical thinking and ICT skills.
Differences in high school students' mathematical representation ability in homogeneous classes: Which is better?
Authors: Miyaqi Iqlides Ahmad , Wilujeng Insih , Rosana Dadan , Barokah Najilul
Published: February 2024

Mathematical representation is one of the higher-order thinking skills needed by students in analyzing physics cases as a form of proving the truth of understanding. Referring to the inconsistencies in the results of research on mathematical representation involving gender and the phenomenon of the high ability of female students in heterogeneous classes, it is suspected that there is a relationship between class type and mathematical representation. This study aims to analyze the increase in students' mathematical representation abilities in terms of gender differences in homogeneous classes. The research subjects consisted of class X high school students in Bantul, Indonesia, consisting of 26 boys and 27 girls. The research instrument was 5 physics questions that referred to indicators of mathematical representation. Data analysis to find out how the category of mathematical representation increases using the N-Gain index. The results of this study were (1) the improvement in the ability of the male students' mathematical representation in the medium category was superior to that of the female students, (2) the improvement in the ability to make mathematical expressions and use visual representations was better for the male students, and (3) the ability of the female students in terms of making image representations better than male students. This research implies that further research is needed to be related to the causes of students' misinterpretation in dealing with physics test.
Kinematics analysis on accelerated motion using tracker video analysis for educational purposes
Authors: Renika Jelita , Prima Eka Cahya , Amprasto Amprasto
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of video analysis tracker-based practicum on the material of the motion of objects on an inclined plane and the motion of objects in free fall. The use of video tracker analysis-based practicum is useful for determining some kinematics parameters of objects that cannot only be calculated by traditional practicum methods. By using the video tracker analysis method, all object kinematics parameters can be found directly in visual form. The results show that (1) There is no relationship between mass and kinematics parameters. (2) There is an influence due to air friction on the acceleration value of the object. (3) The suitability of the concept with the tracker application produced with the error value in the experiment of object motion on an inclined plane () (4) The suitability of the concept with the tracker application produced with the error value in the experiment of object motion in free fall ()  (5) The graphical representation of the tracker is in accordance with the theory studied. This research implies that the existence of learning using practicum, especially practicum-based video tracker analysis can improve understanding and process skills in understanding science concepts. This research is written so that the programme can be further applied to science education.
Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligent Independent Learning (AIIL) with physics chatbot of global warming concept
Authors: Kusuma Alfarizi Ade Karlin , Maharani Winne Aulia Dyah , Wibowo Firmanul Catur , Nasbey Hadi , Costu Bayram
Published: February 2024

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of Artificial Intelligent Independent Learning (AIIL) with physics chatbot of global warming concept. Method of research uses the Research & Development method referring to the ADDIE development model. This research was conducted with 64 students at Senior High School in Indonesia who were divided into chatbot-based experimental groups and control groups. The results of this study were obtained by conducting the normalized gain  test of 0.60 (medium category) for the control group and 0.87 (high category) in the experimental group. As for the results of the Cohen's D effect-size test, the result was 0.93 with high category AAIL for increasing learning outcome. Thus, the developed AAIL chatbot has high effectiveness in increasing learning outcome.
Integrated environmental education physics project to enhance student creativity
Authors: Lestari Nurita Apridiana , Susanti Fajaria Meli , Madlazim Madlazim , Hariyono Eko , Uulaa Rizki Fitri Rahima
Published: February 2024

This study aims to describe the results of research on physics education integrated with environmental issues, especially related to climate change, through literature review and its implementation in schools. The aspects observed include the feasibility, effectiveness, and student responses to the implementation of integrated physics learning with environmental education related to climate change to enhance creativity. The research method used was quantitative research with a true experimental design involving pretest and posttest control groups. The subjects of the study were science students in public secondary schools in Jombang, divided into experimental and control groups. The research data were processed using observation sheets for the feasibility of learning, prerequisite tests including tests for data normality and homogeneity, paired t-tests, two-tailed t-tests, one-tailed t-tests, n-gain tests, effect size, and student response questionnaires. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that (1) there is a significant difference in students' creativity before and after the implementation of integrated physics learning with environmental education related to climate change, with the experimental group experiencing a higher increase compared to the control group, indicating the effectiveness of integrated physics learning with environmental education. (2) Student responses after the implementation of integrated physics learning with environmental education related to climate change were categorized as excellent. Therefore, as an initial study, it can be stated that climate change education can be implemented in the form of project performance and has an impact on student creativity.
A scoping review with bibliometric analysis of topic fluid in science education: State of the art and future directions
Authors: Misbah Misbah , Hamidah Ida , Sriyati Siti , Samsudin Achmad
Published: February 2024

The aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of scoping reviews in the literature on the topic of fluid science education through bibliometric analysis. The data search was carried out based on the Scopus database, then limitations were carried out based on certain criteria to obtain 146 documents. Publications on this topic have increased, especially in 2019-2023*. Then the author with the most citations was published in an international journal indexed by Scopus with quartile 1. Based on visualization using VOSviewer, 4 clusters were obtained and based on research in the last 2 years, both static and dynamic fluids are often associated with teachers, senior high schools, teaching, student learning, online learning. This research is the basis for further research related to the topic of fluids in science education. For example, fluid topics are rarely studied at the university level.
Beyond bungee jumping: Designing bungee cord to teach hooke’s law in problem-solving lab
Authors: Sriyansyah Syakti P. , Safari Iman , Busyairi Ahmad
Published: February 2024

Physics instruction is critical for helping students develop thinking skills and practical skills through the engineering design process, however, they often find it difficult to apply the concepts of physics to solving real-world problems. Bungee jumping is one of the favorite real-world applications in Hooke’s law as it requires a physics calculation to design the bungee cord required to meet the specified safety criteria. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to investigate 35 high school student’s mastery of concepts on the behavior of the spring through the implementation of an engineering design process activity in the problem-solving laboratory instruction. A pre-experimental study with one group post-test design only was used to outline a problem-solving laboratory instruction and to assess students’ mastery of concepts after the instruction. We found that only 48% of students or fewer were able to make effective use of Hooke’s law to propose a solution and design a model related to the bungee cord problem. Although most students seemed to acquire a reasonable grasp of the energy concepts to solve the quantitative problems, it was found that there was a widespread tendency to improperly apply the conservation of energy concept to the context of jumping from a height in a qualitative problem. However, the physics behind designing bungee cords can be used to engage students in learning Hooke’s law. Such a hands-on pass-fail test of the student solutions provides them with more meaningful real experiences in applying physics calculation to a real solution.
Development of an augmented reality integrated Problem-Solving Laboratory Model (PSLab-AR) for electricity concepts to enhance the students' understanding of concepts
Authors: Ismail Ali , Bhakti Demmy Dharma , Sari Lasmita , Dwi Kemalia Lula , Saprudin Saprudin
Published: February 2024

This research aims to develop a product in the form of an integrated Augmented Reality Problem Solving Laboratory (PSLab-AR) model. The research method used in this research is research and development because it is in line with the main output of this research. The research design used consists of the Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate stages. Participants in this research consisted of three groups: the first group was two elementary school teachers at the define stage, three science education experts at the development stage, and 25 fifth grade students at the dissemination stage. This research uses a CVI validation sheet and 10 questions on students' conceptual understanding. Based on the needs analysis at the definition stage, PSLab-AR is needed to assist science learning in elementary schools, especially in providing an interesting representation of the abstract concept of electricity. During the Design and Development stage, we found that the PSLab-AR framework passed expert evaluation by producing a framework consisting of preparation stages (understanding the practicum objectives, reading materials, and answering questions), problem solving (studying the problem context, formulating the problem, and creating prediction), exploration (determining tools and materials, understanding tool function, and creating procedures), measurement, data analysis, and drawing conclusions. At the dissemination stage, the research results showed that the Augmented Reality Integrated Problem Solving Laboratory model could increase students' conceptual understanding by 27.6 with an N-gain value of 0.610 in the medium category.
Strategi Penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka di SMAN 2 Ponorogo
Authors: Harwisaputra Andreas Fredyansa , Safitri Anggi Nur Eka , Utami Anggi Wahyuning , Sudarsih Anik , Ngadhimah Mambaul
Published: February 2024

Along with the times, especially in the education sector, innovation is needed according to relevant needs. In an effort to achieve this, the way that can be taken is by updating the relevant curriculum. With the curriculum transformation, it is hoped that it can improve the quality of education. One of the curricula recommended by the government is the Merdeka Curriculum. In achieving maximum results in its implementation, an effective strategy is needed. For this reason, this article aims to explore the strategy for implementing the Merdeka Curriculum carried out by SMAN 2 Ponorogo. In this study using descriptive qualitative methods with data collection techniques interviews and observations and data analysis using miles and Huberman and or other relevant methods. The results of this study in the implementation strategy of SMAN 2 Ponorogo carried out activities in the form of IHT (In House training) on the Independent Curriculum. In its implementation, there are still various obstacles ranging from the lack of teacher knowledge about the independent curriculum, lack of socialization and paradigm shifts. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that effective strategies have been implemented to overcome the challenges of implementing the independent curriculum at SMAN 2 Ponorogo. This article provides recommendations for other schools that will implement the independent curriculum to organize intensive training activities for teachers and the formation of a curriculum support team.
Hypocitraturia as a biomarker of renal tubular acidosis in patients with Sjögrens disease
Authors: Coradin Rafael , Lopes Maria Lúcia Lemos , Goldani João Carlos , Ventura Pedro Enrico , Keitel Elizete
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
Sjögren's disease (SD) is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease that affects epithelial tissues, especially salivary and lacrimal glands, as well as extra glandular manifestations.
The main renal manifestation is tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN), which may present clinically as renal tubular acidosis (RTA). Urinary citrate may be an early biomarker of RTA in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether hypocitraturia is a predictive biomarker of ATR in a sample of patients with SD in a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil.
Methods:
All patients with SD who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and participated in the rheumatology outpatient clinic at Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia of Porto Alegre were included. Demographic data, SD data, and serological and urinary data were obtained. Patients who persistently had urinary pH above 5.5 underwent a urine acidification test with furosemide and fludrocortisone. Continuous variables with a normal distribution were expressed as the mean and standard deviation. The others were expressed as medians and interquartile ranges. Categorical variables are expressed as numbers and frequencies. The association between hypocitraturia and ATR was assessed using the chi-square test.
Results:
Forty-two patients were included, 95.2% female with a median age of 61.73 years. The prevalence of complete distal RTA was 4.88%. Twenty-eight patients underwent urine acidification testing. Five patients had hypocitraturia, and two of them had complete distal RTA. The association between hypocitraturia and ATR was statistically significant (p< 0.012), with a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 91.2% and accuracy of 91.7%. The negative predictive value was 100%. The renal evaluation of the population demonstrated, in addition to two patients with ATR, one patient with impaired renal function and six patients with proteinuria greater than 0.5 g/24 hours.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of ATR in the studied population was 4.88%. Hypocitraturia had high sensitivity and accuracy for the diagnosis of ATR.
Assessment the construct of paranoia in a non-clinical sample: validation of the paranoia scale based on two-factor model
Authors: Fasakhoudi Maryam Amini , Arani Abbas Masjedi , Fatollahzadeh Saina , Mohajerin Banafsheh , Mazaheri Maryam , Shahi Asma
Published: February 2024

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian form of the paranoia scale in a sample of Iranian students.
Methods
A total of 471 university students were selected using an available sampling method over a six-month period. Participants completed the Paranoia Scale, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale − 21 Items, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Self-Consciousness Questionnaire, and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. Data analysis comprised descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, as well as exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.
Results
The data analysis revealed a two-factor structure. To further corroborate the two-factor arrangement of the paranoia scale, a second-order confirmatory factor analysis method was employed. The findings indicated that the second-order two-factor structure exhibited an acceptable fit.
Conclusions
Paranoia emerges as a common human experience, supporting the notion of continuity between ordinary and pathological experiences.
“It's your body... so it's just nice to know what they're putting in it” A qualitative study of Women’s Views on Antibiotics at Caesarean Section (WOVAN)
Authors: Pilarski Nicole , Jones Isobel , Jones Laura , Hodgetts-Morton Victoria , Morris R. Katie , Wilson Amie
Published: February 2024

Background: Over 30% of UK babies are born by caesarean section (CS) and infection after CS is common. Women’s experiences of and views on the management of infection after CS is relatively under explored in the qualitative literature. The aim of this study was to explore women’s views and experiences of (1) infection after caesarean section including (2) measures taken to prevent infection such as antibiotics, (3) the use of additional antibiotics and infection prevention measures in research, and (4) identifying infection after discharge home.
Methods: A descriptive qualitative study reported in accordance with Consolidated criteria for Reporting Qualitative research (COREQ) guidelines. Recruitment occurred via social media, and data-collected using semi-structured interviews aided by an evidence informed topic guide. Written or recorded verbal informed consent was obtained. A codebook thematic analysis approach was used to code transcripts, interpret themes and inform a conceptual model of the findings.
Results: Thirteen women were interviewed between December 2021 and March 2022. All women included had had a CS within the last two years, and four had an infection after their CS. For the majority of participants this was their first CS (n=10), they were between 30-40 years old (n=10) and they identified as white British (n=10). Participants had experiences of both planned (n=6) and emergency CS (n=7).
Women's experiences of recovery and infection after CS were influenced by their interactions with maternity care; key themes in how women perceived their experience of CS and infection were ‘knowing my body’, information-sharing and effective communication. Secondary factors such as support and dependents also influenced their interpretation of their overall care experience. There was willingness to take part in future research of interventions to reduce the risk of infection after CS.
Conclusions: Further work is needed to develop antenatal information sharing and postnatal follow-up pathways to improve experiences. It is important to ensure women’s voices remain central to future infection prevention research.
Geometric phase analysis of magnetic skyrmion lattices in Lorentz transmission electron microscopy images
Authors: Denneulin Thibaud , Kovács András , Boltje Raluca , Kiselev Nikolai S. , Dunin-Borkowski Rafal E.
Published: February 2024

Magnetic skyrmions are quasi-particles with a swirling spin texture that form two-dimensional lattices. Skyrmion lattices can exhibit defects in response to geometric constraints, variations of temperature or applied magnetic fields. Measuring deformations in skyrmion lattices is important to understand the interplay between the lattice structure and external influences. Geometric phase analysis (GPA) is a Fourier-based image processing method that is used to measure deformation fields in high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of crystalline materials. Here, we show that GPA can be applied quantitatively to Lorentz TEM images of two-dimensional skyrmion lattices obtained in a chiral magnet of FeGe. First, GPA is used to map deformation fields around a 5-7 dislocation and the results are compared with linear elastic theory. Second, rotation angles between skyrmion crystal grains are measured and compared with angles calculated from the density of dislocations. Third, an orientational order parameter and the corresponding correlation function are calculated to describe the evolution of the disorder as a function of applied magnetic field. The influence of sources of artifacts such as geometric distortions and large defoci are also discussed.
PACS: 12.39.Dc, 81.40.Lm, 68.37.Lp
Well-Posedness for the Stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Bloch Equation with Helicity Driven by Jump Noise
Authors: Gokhale Soham
Published: February 2024

The Landau-Lifshitz-Bloch (LLB) equation is used to model the phenomenon of ferromagnetism for temperatures both below and above the Curie temperature. We consider the stochastic LLB equation driven by jump noise. We study the said equation with contribution also from the helicity term in the energy. We establish the existence of a weak martingale solution, followed by proving its path-wise uniqueness, hence concluding the existence of a strong solution.
MSC Subject Classification : 60H15.
Predicting Treatment Failure in Stage III Colon Cancer Patients After radical surgery: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zeng Hao , Zhong Xuejing , Liang Baofeng , Liu Wenxin , Xue Xueyi , Yu Nong , Xu Dongbo , Wang Xiaojie , Lin Shuangming
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The aim to assess treatment failure in patients with stage III colon cancer who underwent radical surgery and was analysed using the nomogram.
Methods
Clinical factors and survival outcomes for stage III colon cancer patients registered in the SEER database from 2018 to 2019 were analyzed, with patients split into training and testing cohorts (7:3 ratio). A total of 360 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Longyan served as an external validation cohort. Independent predictors of treatment failure were identified using logistic regression analyses. The nomograms was evaluated by concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, and the area under the curve (AUC), decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curves (CIC) assessed the clinical utility of nomograms versus TNM staging.
Results
The study included 4,115 patients with stage III colon cancer. Multivariate logistic analysis age, tumor site, pT stage, pN stage, chemotherapy, pretreatment CEA levels, number of harvested lymph nodes, perineural invasion and marital status were identified as independent risk factors for treatment failure. The C-indices for the training and testing sets were 0.853 and 0.841. Validation by ROC and calibration curves confirmed the stability and reliability of the model. DCA showed that the net clinical effect of the histogram was superior to that of the TNM staging system, while CIC highlighted the potentially large clinical impact of the model.
Conclusions
The developed Nomogram provides a powerful and accurate tool for clinicians to assess the risk of treatment failure after radical surgery in patients with stage III colon cancer.
Os problemas filosóficos como metodologia de ensino na educação básica - sua contribuição para estimular o pensar crítico
Authors: Oliveira Paula Luana , Scherer Susana Schneid , Schuck Leandro
Published: February 2024

Este artigo busca investigar a contribuição do uso de problemas filosóficos como metodologia de ensino na Educação Básica para estimular o pensar crítico. Foi uma pesquisa bibliográfica e baseou-se na metodologia qualitativa crítica reflexiva. Os objetivos específicos que orientaram o processo de coleta de dados e análise foram três pontos: 1) a realidade da filosofia na escola, situando de que modo o pensar filosófico pode ser trabalhado nesta modalidade de ensino; 2) a filosofia nos diferentes espaços das práticas educativas, utilizando os problemas filosóficos; e 3) pensando numa metodologia sistematizada, tomando os educandos como protagonistas deste processo. Na primeira parte da pesquisa, fundamentou-se a realidade do tratamento da filosofia e a importância do pensar ser desenvolvido na escola. Mais adiante, verificou- se a necessidade de prática docente preparada para a inquietação, o novo, o questionar em que o próprio professor exercite o filosofar, para o que o uso dos problemas filosóficos sirva de ferramenta. Por fim, abordou-se uma metodologia de ensino baseada nos problemas filosóficos e se analisou as suas contribuições para a formação de alunos. Concluiu-se a pesquisa reconhecendo que, uma educação crítica é necessária na Educação Básica, e os problemas filosóficos são um método rico e possível para estimular experiências para desenvolver o pensamento autônomo e reflexivo dos estudantes.
Violência de gênero contra as mulheres em universidades: Análise da produção científica
Authors: Furlin Neiva , Tessaro Mônica , Bido Eloísa
Published: February 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a produção científica acerca da violência de gênero contra as mulheres e iniciativas de enfrentamento no contexto universitário. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica de trabalhos indexados nas bases de dados: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Portal de Periódicos CAPES e Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), no período de 2011 a 2021. A amostra do estudo é composta por 23 trabalhos, dos quais, a partir da Análise de Conteúdo, emergiram três categorias analíticas: i) Representações e dados sobre violência de gênero contra as mulheres no contexto universitário; ii) Iniciativas das universidades para o enfrentamento da violência de gênero contra as mulheres, e; iii) Políticas institucionalizadas nas universidades no enfrentamento da violência de gênero contra as mulheres. A pesquisa evidenciou a necessidade de as universidades criarem políticas efetivas que visam prevenir a violência de gênero contra as mulheres.
Rolling bearing compound fault diagnosis based on spatiotemporal intrinsic mode decomposition
Authors: Li Zhixing , Zhang Yuanxiu , Wang Yanxue
Published: February 2024

Aiming at the vibration signal characteristics of multi-channel rolling bearing complex faults containing various shock components, a rolling bearing complex fault diagnosis model based on spatiotemporal intrinsic mode decomposition (STIMD) method and fast spectral kurtosis method was proposed. The spatiotemporal intrinsic mode decomposition method combines the signal atomic decomposition method with the idea of signal blind source separation. Through the fast independent component analysis and the nonlinear matching pursuit method of the established overcomplete dictionary base, various fault mode components are separated. The initial phase function selected based on the high kurtosis fault frequency band obtained by the fast spectral kurtosis method can better fit the bearing fault frequency domain characteristics, so that the spatiotemporal intrinsic mode decomposition method can more accurately separate various impact components in the vibration signal. The simulation model of bearing compound fault was established and the data collected from fault diagnosis experiment platform were used to verify that the STIMD method was effective in solving the problem of rolling bearing compound fault diagnosis. By analyzing the kurtosis changes under different signal noise ratio (SNR) conditions and comparing the simulation results with the fast independent component analysis method, it shows that the kurtosis index decomposed by the proposed method is more able to prove the existence of faults under the condition of low SNR, that is, the impact is completely covered by noise. Therefore, a spatiotemporal intrinsic mode decomposition method with fast spectral kurtosis optimization can solve the problem of blind source separation in the field of composite faults of multi-channel rolling bearings and realize composite fault diagnosis.
Convolutional neural network intelligent fault diagnosis method for rotating machinery based on discriminant correlation analysis multi-domain feature fusion strategy
Authors: Lan Guisheng , Shi Haibo
Published: February 2024

Aiming at solving the problems of limited training data, single input information, and limited diagnostic accuracy under the influence of strong background noise in fault diagnosis of rotating machinery, this paper proposes a fault diagnosis method based on the combination of discriminant correlation analysis (DCA) and convolutional neural network (CNN). Firstly, the original vibration signal is divided into several segments in the time domain, and the training data is directly processed by one CNN branch to extract multi-scale time domain features. Simultaneously, the divided data is subjected to discrete wavelet transform (DWT), and processed by another branch of CNN to extract multi-scale time-frequency features. Then, the DCA feature fusion mechanism is adopted to fuse the two-domain features extracted in the parallel branches to improve the model’ detection ability. Finally, the fused features are input into the deep CNN for training and learning to extract new features and output the classification results. Through the experimental analysis of two different types of data, the results show that the proposed method can be used for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery effectively. Compared with the single CNN network, the proposed method combines the multi-domain multi-scale feature extraction module with the DCA feature fusion module to enrich the feature information extraction ability. At the same time, the network performance is improved to get higher fault classification accuracy higher.
Optimal control of autonomous vehicle path tracking based on whale optimization algorithm
Authors: Han Fang , Liu Yingjie , Peng Wen
Published: February 2024

In order to solve the problem of accurate vehicle path tracking and address the issues of low convergence accuracy and susceptibility to local optima in Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), a nonlinear convergence factor is proposed and nonlinear inertia weights are introduced to improve the basic WOA. Firstly, the convergence factor in WOA is changed to a nonlinear convergence factor, and a nonlinear inertia weight is introduced to improve the convergence accuracy, local development ability, and global search ability. Then, this algorithm is combined with a fifth-degree polynomial. The simulation results show that the proposed method can solve the problem of vehicle path tracking effectively. And also, the vehicle can track the given path controlled by the proposed algorithm with higher accuracy and has stronger applicability. The study can help drivers easily identify safe lane-changing trajectories and area.
Buğday’da Hiperspektral Veriler Kullanılarak Sarı Pas Hastalığının İzlenmesinde Spektral Oranlama Tekniğinin Kullanımı
Authors: AYDOĞDU Metin , AKAN Kadir
Published: February 2024

Buğdayda sarı pas hastalığı, küresel düzeyde yaşanabilen epidemiler nedeniyle gıda güvenliğini tehdit eden önemli fungal streslerden birisidir. Bu çalışma ile hastalığın (Etmen; Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici), buğdayda farklı fenolojik dönemlerde izlenmesi ve reaksiyon değişimlerinin ortaya konulabilmesi için spektral yansıma değerleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında hastalık inoküle edilmeyen ve hastalık inoküle edilen test materyallerinde yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucu elde edilen spektral yansıma değerleri oranlanmış, geliştirilen grafikler yorumlanarak stresin farklı bant aralıklarındaki gelişimi değerlendirilmiştir. 2018-2019 yetiştirme sezonunda yürütülen çalışmada bitki materyali olarak; Bayraktar 2000, Demir 2000, Eser ve Kenanbey ekmeklik çeşitleri ile Çeşit-1252, Eminbey, Kızıltan 91 ve Mirzabey 2000 makarnalık çeşitleri kullanılmıştır. Test materyalinin tümü Ekim ayı içerisinde, 33-35 cm sıra arası ve 1 m uzunluğundaki sıralara 3 tekerrürlü olarak elle ekilmiştir. Hastalığın yeni toplanmış sporları uçucu mineral yağ (Soltrol 170®) kullanılarak %0, %25, %50, %100 uygulama dozlarında test materyaline inoküle edilmiştir. Hastalığın reaksiyon değerlendirmeleri 25 Mayıs ile 06, 15, 23 Haziran tarihlerinde yapılmış olup enfeksiyon kat sayıları hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda; hastalık inoküle edilmeyen ve hastalık inoküle edilen test materyallerinde değerlendirmelerle yansıma oranları dikkate alınarak farklı fenolojik dönemler için yansıma eğrileri oluşturulmuştur. Hastalık inoküle edilen genotiplerde spektral yansıma değerlerinin, aynı gelişme dönemi sürecinde görünür bölgede arttığı, yakın kızılötesi bölgede azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Hastalık reaksiyonunun değerlendirmesinde kullanılabilir en etkili hastalık dozu ekmeklik çeşitler için %50, makarnalık çeşitler için %25 dozu olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma ile; buğdayın farklı büyüme evrelerinde kanopinin spektral yansımalarındaki dinamik değişimler, hastalık reaksiyonuyla olan ilişkilerin sayısal olarak analiz edilmesinin mümkün olduğu değerlendirilmiştir. Farklı bant aralıklarında bu bölgelerdeki değişimlerin, yaprakların yaşlanma sürecine bağlı olarak mezofil dokulardaki pigmentlerin kapsamı ile ilişkili olduğunu düşündürmektedir.