bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A metabolic profile of xenon and metabolite associations with 6-month mortality after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A post-hoc study of the randomised Xe-Hypotheca trial
Authors: Nummela Aleksi J. , Scheinin Harry , Perola Markus , Joensuu Anni , Laitio Ruut , Arola Olli , Grönlund Juha , Roine Risto O. , Bäcklund Minna , Vahlberg Tero J. , Laitio Timo ,   for the Xe-Hypotheca Collaboration Group
Published: June 2024

Purpose

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) carries a relatively poor prognosis and requires multimodal prognostication to guide clinical decisions. Identification of previously unrecognized metabolic routes associated with patient outcome may contribute to future biomarker discovery. In OHCA, inhaled xenon elicits neuro- and cardioprotection. However, the metabolic effects remain unknown.

Materials and methods

In this post-hoc study of the randomised, 2-group, single-blind, phase 2 Xe-Hypotheca trial, 110 OHCA survivors were randomised 1:1 to receive targeted temperature management (TTM) at 33°C with or without inhaled xenon during 24 h. Blood samples for nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolic profiling were drawn upon admission, at 24 and 72 h.

Results

At 24 h, increased lactate, adjusted hazard-ratio 2.25, 95% CI [1.53; 3.30], p<0.001, and decreased branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) leucine 0.64 [0.5; 0.82], p = 0.007, and valine 0.37 [0.22; 0.63], p = 0.003, associated with 6-month mortality. At 72 h, increased lactate 2.77 [1.76; 4.36], p<0.001, and alanine 2.43 [1.56; 3.78], p = 0.001, and decreased small HDL cholesterol ester content (S-HDL-CE) 0.36 [0.19; 0.68], p = 0.021, associated with mortality. No difference was observed between xenon and control groups.

Conclusions

In OHCA patients receiving TTM with or without xenon, high lactate and alanine and decreased BCAAs and S-HDL-CE associated with increased mortality. It remains to be established whether current observations on BCAAs, and possibly alanine and lactate, could reflect neural damage via their roles in the metabolism of the neurotransmitter glutamate. Xenon did not significantly alter the measured metabolic profile, a potentially beneficial attribute in the context of compromised ICU patients.

Trial registration

Trial Registry number: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00879892.
Iron-rich food consumption and predictors among children aged 6–59 months old in Ethiopia: A multilevel complex sample analysis of the Ethiopian mini-demographic and health survey 2019 data
Authors: Beressa Girma , Desta Fikreab , Lencha Bikila , Sahiledengle Biniyam , Atlaw Daniel , Gomora Degefa , Zenbaba Demisu , Nigussie Eshetu , Ejigu Neway , Yazew Tamiru , Mesfin Telila , Beressa Kenenisa
Published: June 2024

Background

Children with inadequate iron consumption had slower growth, weaker immunity, and poor cognitive development. Although the public health importance of iron-rich consumption in Ethiopia is known, evidence for iron-rich food consumption and predictors among children aged 6–59 months old in Ethiopia is sparse. This study aimed to assess iron-rich food consumption and predictors among children aged 6–59 months old in Ethiopia.

Methods

This study used Ethiopia mini demographic and health survey 2019 (EMDHS-2019) data with a total weighted sample size of 5,112 among children aged 6–59 months old. A multilevel mixed effect logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of good iron-rich food consumption.

Results

The proportion of good consumption of iron-rich foods among children aged 6–59 months was 27.99% (24.22, 32.10%). The findings revealed that children born to mothers who completed primary education [AOR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.11, 3.19], a higher education [AOR = 4.45, 95% CI: 1.28, 15.48], being born to the poorer family [AOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.04, 3.43], richer [AOR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.03, 4.36], and richest [AOR = 3.57, 95% CI: 1.29, 9.93] were positively associated with good iron-rich food consumption among children aged 6–59 months old. Nevertheless, being 24–59 month-old children [AOR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.72], residents of the Afar [AOR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.67], Amhara region [AOR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.65], and Somali region [AOR = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.07] were negatively associated with good iron-rich food consumption among children aged 6–59 months old.

Conclusion

The finding revealed that there was low consumption of iron-rich foods among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia compared to reports from East African countries. Improving women’s literacy and economic empowerment would improve iron-rich food consumption among children aged 6–59 months old. This study’s findings would have implications for policymakers in Ethiopia to enhance iron-rich food consumption.
A specific innate immune response silences the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a latent infection model in the Drosophila melanogaster host
Authors: Chen Jing , Lin Guiying , Ma Kaiyu , Li Zi , Liégeois Samuel , Ferrandon Dominique
Published: June 2024

Microbial pathogenicity often depends on the route of infection. For instance, P. aeruginosa or S. marcescens cause acute systemic infections when low numbers of bacteria are injected into D. melanogaster flies whereas flies succumb much slower to the continuous ingestion of these pathogens, even though both manage to escape from the gut compartment and reach the hemocoel. Here, we have developed a latent P. aeruginosa infection model by feeding flies on the bacteria for a short period. The bacteria stably colonize internal tissues yet hardly cause any damage since latently-infected flies live almost as long as noninfected control flies. The apparently dormant bacteria display particular characteristics in terms of bacterial colony morphology, composition of the outer cell wall, and motility. The virulence of these bacteria can however be reactivated upon wounding the host. We show that melanization but not the cellular or the systemic humoral response is the predominant host defense that establishes latency and may coerce the bacteria to a dormant state. In addition, the lasting activation of the melanization responses in latently-infected flies provides a degree of protection to the host against a secondary fungal infection. Latent infection by an ingested pathogen protects against a variety of homologous or heterologous systemic secondary infectious challenges, a situation previously described for the endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria, a guard against viral infections.
Cultivating global citizenship education in higher education: Learning from EFL university students’ voices
Authors: Al-husban Naima , Al’Abri Khalaf Marhoun
Published: June 2024

This study outlines the perceptions and views of Jordanian students regarding global citizenship at university in terms of their knowledge of global citizenship education (GCED), curricula and instruction processes. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews with fifteen English as a foreign language (EFL) university students studying in the 2022–23 academic year. The findings reveal that students had a basic understanding of GCED, which was often confused with national citizenship. Universities delivered courses that touched on GCED-related topics without focusing on the subject and academic staff required more empowerment in designing curricula or addressing GCED, as students reported that educators often presented GCED topics directly, with limited emphasis on learner-centred approaches. The study concludes by proposing recommendations for the sustainable integration of GCED into universities, encompassing documents used throughout universities and classroom pedagogical practices. These suggestions have international implications.
Fictioning painting: Or imagining an ‘outside’ to art history
Authors: Turner Alaena
Published: June 2024

This article seeks to explore the relationship between contemporary painting and fictioning practices, examining the implications for historicization, authenticity and authorship. Taking as a starting point the re-appearance of Walter Benjamin in 1986, I will trace the ways in which painting practice and fictioning discourse have intersected, drawing on recent interviews with the authors of these projects and ongoing research into artist novels. I will discuss Albert Oehlen’s 2021 film The Painter, which is set in Oehlen’s studio and documents the struggle to produce an abstract painting, asking why certain clichés are re-staged in fictional portrayals of artistic labour rather than re-imagined? I will develop a discussion of Oehlen’s use of parody by reading this film as a performance to camera, and will explore the ways that Oehlen plays with plausibility through the use of an actor, a semi-improvised script, and modelling the narrative on the historical precedent of Paul McCarthy’s 1995 video Painter. I will offer a case study from my recent practice-based Ph.D. research in which I worked with Bruce McLean to re-enact his 1969 artwork Underwater Watercolour to highlight the relationship of fictioning practices to archival practice and develop an understanding of fictioning as a performative form of historicization. I will situate these examples in relation to recent theory (specifically, David Burrow’s and Simon O’Sullivan’s survey of ‘Fictioning’ practices in art and philosophy and Carrie Lambert-Beaty’s concept of ‘Parafiction’), positioning my research within a broader discussion of a current trend towards fictioning practices in contemporary art.
Louis-Lucien Bonaparte eta Clémence Richard, frai Jose Antonio Uriartek 1859an gipuzkeratutako Genesiaren zuzentzaileak
Authors: Etxagibel Javier
Published: June 2024

1859. urtean Louis-Lucien Bonaparte printzeak Jose Antonio Uriartek gipuzkerara itzulitako Bibliaren lehen hiru liburuak argitaratu zituen. Uriartek berak hala adierazita ezagun da Bonaparte eta Jose Antonio Azpiazuz gain Clémence Richard Printzearen bikotekidea ere Uriarteren testuak orrazten aritu zela, nahiz haren lana aitortzarik gabe geratu zen. Uriarteren eskuizkribuetan aztertzaileek egindako hainbat eta hainbat zuzenketa dira eta ikerlan honetan haien nondik norakoak agerian jartzen saiatu gara. Horretarako, Genesiaren lehen hamar kapituluen itzulpena arakatu dugu. Zuzenketak bi taldetan banatzen dira: a) behin betikoak: kolore gorrikoak, salbuespenik gabe Printzearen edizioan euren hartan transkribatuak; gehienak Bonaparteri egotz dakizkioke; b) behin-behinekoak: kolore urdinekoak, Bonapartek ez beste esku batek idatziak, batzuk behin betiko bihurtuak, baina beste asko baztertuak. Ikerlan zabalago baten lehen atal honetan behin-behineko zuzenketak aztertu ditugu bi ondorio nagusi aterata: i) guztiak ia ziurtasun osoz Clémence Richardek idatziak dira; ii) behin betiko bihurtu zirenek Lardizabalen irizpide edota idazlanekin zerikusia dute; ostera, baztertuak geratu zirenen artean gehienak Beterriko eskualdeko hizkerari legozkiokeen arren, agian Bonaparterentzat dialektalegiak izateagatik geratu ziren ediziotik kanpo.
Approaches concerning Malnutrition and Oral Health in Public Health Nutrition
Authors: Osatogbe Jacob Abiodun
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Malnutrition is a worldwide problem that has a negative impact on the physical health, development, and ability to recover of children. Protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) is prevalent in pregnant women, the elderly, and small children and is a primary cause of obesity in developing nations. Vitamin A, iron, iodine, zinc, and folate are necessary for maintaining a well-rounded diet and promoting optimal nutrition. Approximately 33% of individuals in sub-Saharan Africa do not have access to these essential nutrients, which has a detrimental impact on their mental and physical well-being, energy levels, and economic development. Oral microbial communities, such as Streptococcus and Enterococcus, have an impact on human health and the development of diseases. Malnutrition heightens the susceptibility to infection and death, particularly in infants under the age of five, with diarrhoea and respiratory diseases being the primary contributors to mortality. Gaining a more profound comprehension of the oral microbiota can facilitate the development of more effective management strategies. Children with comorbidities who experience severe malnutrition face a fourfold increase in their chance of mortality. It is crucial for medical practitioners to give priority to the diagnosis and treatment of severe acute malnutrition in children, as the presence of comorbidities raises the risk of death for highly malnourished children by a factor of four.
Note for the Beal's Conjecture
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: June 2024

This work explores two famous conjectures in number theory: Fermat's Last Theorem and Beal's Conjecture. Fermat's Last Theorem, posed by Pierre de Fermat in the 17th century, states that there are no positive integer solutions for the equation $a^{n} + b^{n} = c^{n}$, where $n$ is greater than $2$. This theorem remained unproven for centuries until Andrew Wiles published a proof in 1994. Beal's Conjecture, formulated in 1997 by Andrew Beal, generalizes Fermat's Last Theorem. It states that for positive integers $A$, $B$, $C$, $x$, $y$, and $z$, if $A^{x} + B^{y} = C^{z}$ (where $x$, $y$, and $z$ are all greater than $2$), then $A$, $B$, and $C$ must share a common prime factor. Beal's Conjecture remains unproven, and a significant prize is offered for a solution. This paper provides a concise introduction to both conjectures, highlighting their connection and the ongoing challenge that a short proof for the Beal's Conjecture presents to mathematicians.
Continuing Medical Education Questions: June 2024
Authors: Dirweesh Ahmed M.
Published: June 2024

Article Title: Effects of GLP-1 and Other Gut Hormone Receptors on the Gastrointestinal Tract and Implications in Clinical Practice
Making it work in practice: how heads of quality negotiate the third space
Authors: Renyard Jon
Published: June 2024

Recent decades have seen increasingly complex external regulation applied to higher education providers. This has accentuated the role of heads of quality, who require considerable specialist knowledge and insight to ensure that organisational practices align with regulatory expectations. However, while the existing literature recognises that heads of quality do not perform a uniform role, it does not typically discuss the key organisational features which explain the differences in the role or necessarily position of heads of quality as third space professionals. Drawing on a comparative case study of three universities, the article extends our understanding by confirming that heads of quality can legitimately be termed third space professionals and by showing that heads of quality must navigate their environment in different ways according to the degree of access to the third space offered by their organisation. A more structurally situated explanation of third space activity is thus required. The article also reflects on the tendency to discuss a particular group of third space professionals and to characterise their experience as though it were broadly common. It argues for a more nuanced explanation, taking account of organisational structure as a further variable which may help to explain the experience of the third space professional.
Analysis of the Characteristics of High School Students' Sentence Importance Ratings
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Hwang Sang-Hyeon , Park Young-Min
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to discuss the educational implications for reading education and evaluation using sentence importance ratings by analyzing the characteristics of high school students' sentence importance ratings.
Methods: After examining the sentence importance ratings by both Korean teachers and high school students, the students' ratings were scored based on the teachers' ratings as a standard. The overall characteristics of sentence importance ratings, as well as differences by gender and level, were analyzed using a one sample t-test. Additionally, the response frequencies of Korean teachers and high school students were compared according to the importance of the sentences.
Results: First, the level of high school students' sentence importance ratings was generally low. Second, there was no difference in the level of sentence importance ratings among high school students by gender or level. Finally, unlike Korean teachers, high school students struggled to differentiate between sentences of high or low importance.
Conclusion: The use of sentence importance ratings is required in reading education, and integrated instruction is needed rather than guidance differentiated by gender or level. In reading education, there is a need to strengthen direct instruction on distinguishing between important and unimportant information.
The Implications for the Improvement of Student Records in Korea Derived from an Analysis of Ontario Student Records in Canada
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Han Hye-Chong , Lee Seung-Mi
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to derive implications for the improvement of student records in Korea from an analysis of Ontario student records in Canada.
Methods: Through analysis of previous research, problems, and directions for improvement in the Korean student record system were derived, and the characteristics of the student record system in Ontario, Canada, were analyzed to explore implications for improving the Korean student record system.
Results: The implications are as follows: Firstly, Korean student records need to be restructured around the subject learning activities. Secondly, it is necessary to consider introducing a checklist method to guarantee the objectivity of the narrative records. Thirdly, in order for student records to be an authentic record of student progress, most importantly, educational activities should encourage student growth rather than encourage competition among students, and the assessment method for students’ subjects learning should be improved. Fourthly, it is necessary to differentiate the records system in accordance with the differences in education by school - level. Fifthly, it is necessary to reduce the amount of the guideline documents found in student record writing and improve them so that they are presented in a teacher-friendly manner.
Conclusion: The student record system must be improved with a focus on the educational function of student records. To achieve this it is imperative to improve the awareness of parents, students, teachers, and officials regarding the educational function of student records, as well as to explore ways to utilize them for college admissions.
Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research on Scientific Writing
Authors: Maral Muammer
Published: June 2024

Scientific knowledge has been growing continuously and rapidly in recent years. Scientific writing plays animportant role in the process of scientific knowledge. In recent years, there has been an increasing research effort on scientific writing. This research aims to reveal the growth trend of global research on scientific writing, the contributions to the field, the trending topics of the field, the main themes of the field, and the social interaction of the countries contributing to the field. For this purpose, 968 publications covering the period between 1959-2023 obtained from the Web of Science database were analysed by bibliometric analysis. According to the results of the study, scientific writing literature has shown a significant growth trend since 2010. The most productive journals in the field come from science journals such as chemistry and biology. The most productive countries are USA and UK has the highest publication impact. The countries with the highest collaboration are USA and UK respectively. The trending topic of the SW area is on the use of Chat GPT in scientific writing. The SW area is divided into four themes: scientific literacy and communication, scientific writing in medical research, scientific writing in higher education, and ethics of scientific writing. This research provided a comprehensive review of the accumulated knowledge in the field of SW and provided a holistic perspective on the field. Furthermore, some possible directions for future research are shown. This research has shown that in addition to traditional studies that provide scientific writing guidelines, SW will be shaped more by artificial intelligence developments in the coming years.
Propuesta para la evaluación de revistas y la investigación en ciencias sociales y humanidades en Colombia: una mirada desde las métricas Dialnet
Authors: Gregorio-Chaviano Orlando , Jiménez-Contreras Evaristo
Published: June 2024

Como en otros países, el panorama actual de evaluación de la ciencia en Colombia presenta dificultades para estudiar las ciencias sociales y las humanidades. Las limitaciones de cobertura de las bases de datos de citación, la reducida presencia de revistas colombianas en ellas y las problemáticas de la clasificación existente justifican la creación de productos que cubran aspectos no presentes en los índices de carácter internacional y permitan evaluar la producción nacional y sus contribuyentes. Este artículo expone, a partir de una muestra de revistas de educación, la metodología de creación de un instrumento basado en citas, útil en la obtención de indicadores y descriptivas de las revistas y la actividad científica a distintos niveles. Esta iniciativa se fundamenta en la propuesta española Dialnet Métricas, ya activada en la mayoría de los ámbitos de las ciencias sociales, las humanidades y el derecho, además del interés que representa para Colombia contar con una herramienta que permita analizar las revistas más allá del cumplimiento de criterios y que proporcione indicadores que contribuyan a la evaluación de la ciencia. Este trabajo presenta el proceso de selección de revistas, la gestión de los datos fuente utilizados, un análisis de citas y una descripción y una visualización de los indicadores. Se constatan el valor y el aporte del instrumento en el contexto colombiano a partir de la obtención de citas e indicadores para un número considerable de revistas nacionales y a partir de su comparación con Publindex.
Egg Yolk Phospholipids Enriched with 1-O-Octadecyl-2-Oleoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phospho-(N-Palmitoyl) Ethanolamine Inhibit Development of Experimentally Induced Tumours
Authors: Karafiát V. , Veselý P. , Dvořák Michal
Published: June 2024

Dietary phospholipids (PLs) and their derivatives have proved active in suppression of various health problems and conditions including cancer. In this work we compared the effect of dietary phospholipids from hen egg yolk enriched with N-acyl ether-phosphatidyl ethanolamine (NAEPE) termed bioactive phospholipids (BAP+ preparation) with PLs lacking NAEPE (BAP– preparation) on the growth of transformed cells in vitro and on the promotion and progression of experimental tumours in vivo. For the in vivo experiments we used the chicken model in which liver, lung, and kidney tumours arose via natural selection from single cells initiated by experimentally introduced somatic mutations caused by insertional mutagenesis. Mutagenized animals were fed BAP+ or BAP– diet in various regimens. We observed that BAP+ at low concentrations killed cells of various tumour cell lines in culture but did not compromise viability of non-transformed cells. Oral administration of the BAP+ preparation efficiently reduced progression of all tumour types. However, it did not significantly reduce the number of already initiated tumours and their growth when BAP+ was discontinued. Our data suggest that NAEPE combined with hen egg PLs significantly interferes with tumour progression, possibly through the inhibition of tumour cell viability.
Does Folic Acid Supplementation Rescue Defects in ECE-1-Deficient Mouse Embryos?
Authors: Haque A. , Šaňková B. , Kvasilová A. , Krejčí E. , Sedmera David
Published: June 2024

Endothelin (ET) signalling is essential for normal embryonic development. Disruption of this pathway leads to defects in the development of subsets of cranial and cephalic neural crest derivatives. Endothelin-converting enzyme 1 (ECE-1) is a ratelimiting step in the biosynthesis of ET-1. Recently, there has been considerable interest in the protective role of folic acid (FA) against congenital anomalies via increasing the expression of ET-1. We have tested whether FA supplementation can rescue craniofacial and cardiac defects observed in the ECE1–/– embryos. ECE1+/– mice were caged together to obtain litters containing embryos of all possible genotypes. The treatment group had the diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg of FA from the day of discovery of the vaginal plug. FA supplementation did not result in modified proportions of the genotypes, indicating no rescue of the embryonic mortality. There was also no effect on the litter size. Craniofacial and cardiac defects were likewise identical in the ECE1–/– embryos of both groups. There was a mild but significant reduction in the embryo size in wild-type and heterozygous FA-supplemented embryos, and there were haemorrhages in the wild-type supplemented embryos at ED14.5. Expression of ET receptor A detected by immunohistochemistry was up-regulated in the ECE1–/– embryos, but FA supplementation had no effects on the distribution of staining intensity. We conclude that FA is not able to rescue the phenotype in this model, suggesting an alternative pathway for its action. These results also caution against indiscriminate use of dietary supplements in attempts to prevent congenital anomalies.
Initial Payment and Refunding Scheme for Climate Change Mitigation and Technological Development Among Heterogeneous Countries
Authors: Takashima Nobuyuki
Published: June 2024

We examine international environmental agreements (IEAs) in which heterogeneous countries work together to not only participate in the abatement of greenhouse gas emissions but also develop breakthrough technologies. In this paper, the country with the most advanced technology (i.e. the technological leader) develops a new abatement technology and distributes it to other countries (i.e. technological laggards) through licensing. We design a new mechanism to achieve cooperation among heterogeneous countries through an initial payment and refunding (IPR) scheme and licensing involving third-party organizations (TPOs). Under our new IPR scheme with licensing, the cost incurred by a technology leader in developing new technology is covered by licensing fees using a portion of the initial payments collected from technological laggards by a TPO. As a result, TPOs sustain IEAs by flexibly adjusting technological laggards’ share of costs for licensing, comprising initial payments and refunds, and the amount of the licensing payment made to the technological leader.
Inverse design of nonlinear metasurfaces for sum frequency generation
Authors: Li Neuton , Zhang Jihua , Neshev Dragomir N. , Sukhorukov Andrey A.
Published: June 2024

Sum frequency generation (SFG) has multiple applications, from optical sources to imaging, where efficient conversion requires either long interaction distances or large field concentrations in a quadratic nonlinear material. Metasurfaces provide an essential avenue to enhanced SFG due to resonance with extreme field enhancements with an integrated ultrathin platform. In this work, we formulate a general theoretical framework for multi-objective topology optimization of nanopatterned metasurfaces that facilitate high-efficiency SFG and simultaneously select the emitted direction and tailor the metasurface polarization response. Based on this framework, we present novel metasurface designs showcasing ultimate flexibility in transforming the outgoing nonlinearly generated light for applications spanning from imaging to polarimetry. For example, one of our metasurfaces produces highly polarized and directional SFG emission with an efficiency of over 0.2 cm2 GW−1 in a 10 nm signal operating bandwidth.
A review on the green chemistry perspective of multipurpose use of cow urine
Authors: Pandit Nikita , Deoghare Chetana , Chaudhury Sujoy K.
Published: June 2024

The use of cow urine (CU) in treating a variety of illness can be traced back to ancient ages. It has been referred as an important and integral component of Cowpathy – an age-old practice in Indian sub-continent since the Vedic period (1500 BC – 600 BC). The CU contains several important compounds that are essential in maintaining a balance between the well-being of human and the nature. It is composed of about 95 % water and other useful ingredients such as urea, hormones, lyase enzyme, and salts containing Fe, Ca, P, Mn, S, N, and K. In addition, it also contains lactose, cytokine, and amino acid which are the fundamental building blocks of protein. Researchers have developed various processes for the green synthesis of CU concentrate and evaluated its usefulness in treating various diseases owing to its antibacterial and antifungal properties. Further, CU has also shown promising immunity boosting and anti-oxidant characteristics. Even though human civilization has benefited from the use of CU in treating various types illness but the modern scientific understanding of the cause-effect relationships was partly developed in the last few decades. There exists a huge knowledge gap and a comprehensive study on exploring the science and application of CU hasn’t been reported. This paper reviews the historical perspective, compositional analysis, processing, applications, knowledge gap, and future research required in the field of therapeutic usage of CU.
Facile design of PTFE-kaolin-based ternary nanocomposite as a hydrophobic and high corrosion-barrier coating
Authors: Chen Anqi , Zhao Yan , Chen Hongda , Ma Huachao , Lv Kuilin
Published: June 2024

Superhydrophobic nanostructured coatings are a promising technology in construction engineering. This study developed a hydrophobic film through a simple mixing method, utilizing kaolin and polytetrafluoroethylene as additive particles, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluoro-decyl triethoxysilane as a modifier, and epoxide resin and polyamide curing agent as adhesives. By controlling variables, it was determined that the C1P0.2EP coating immersed in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 1, 3, and 7 days exhibited the maximum impedance radii of 47,373, 20,334, and 1,982 Ω·cm2, respectively. It also demonstrated the highest Bode modulus values, the largest E
corr, and the smallest I
corr. Furthermore, after 300 h in a salt spray chamber with a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, the C1P0.2EP coating showed no rust spots or bubbles, demonstrating its excellent corrosion resistance. Moreover, wear resistance tests and self-cleaning experiments were conducted on the C1P0.2EP coating. The results showed that after 100 friction cycles, the surface exhibited no visible scratches, and the contact angle of the coating decreased by only 4°. Additionally, neither soil particles nor dirty water adhered to the coating, indicating that the C1P0.2EP hydrophobic coating possesses not only excellent corrosion resistance but also superior wear resistance and self-cleaning capabilities.
Monumental snake engravings of the Orinoco River
Authors: Riris Philip , Oliver José Ramón , Lozada Mendieta Natalia
Published: June 2024

Rock art of the Middle and Upper Orinoco River in South America is characterised by some of the largest and most enigmatic engravings in the world, including snakes exceeding 40m in length. Here, the authors map the geographic distribution of giant snake motifs and assess the visibility of this serpentine imagery within the Orinoco landscape and Indigenous myths. Occupying prominent outcrops that were visible from great distances, the authors argue that the rock art provided physical reference points for cosmogonic myths, acting as border agents that structured the environment and were central to Indigenous placemaking along the rivers of lowland South America.
Rana po zabiegu operacyjnym – opis przypadku
Authors: Danielewicz Rafał
Published: June 2024

Artrodeza stawu skokowego to zabieg operacyjny, który ma za zadanie trwale znieść ruchomość stawu. Metoda ta stosowana jest u pacjentów po urazach stopy oraz w korekcjach deformacji spowodowanych powikłaniami różnych chorób. Trudno gojące się rany pooperacyjne stanowią istotny problem kliniczny zarówno dla pacjenta, jak i dla całego personelu medycznego. Rany pooperacyjne trudno gojące się mogą skutkować powikłaniami groźnymi dla życia i zdrowia.
Evaluation of the shelf life of guava (psidium guajava) stored in a modified scoria evaporative cooler with organic treatments
Authors: Mwangi Kennedy T , Ngila Stacy M
Published: June 2024

Guava (Psidium guajava) is a tropical fruit that is highly nutritious but highly perishable. The high perishability rate of the fruit is a clear indication that this fruit requires good post-harvest handling and preservation techniques to prolonging its shelf life. Evaporative cooling technology has been widely adopted for proper storage of perishable products, especially fruits and vegetables. This research was conducted with an objective of evaluating the shelf life of guavas stored in a scoria evaporative cooler in combination with neem extract treatment and beeswax treatment. A portion of the guavas was treated and stored in both ambient and evaporative cooler conditions while the other portion was untreated and stored in both ambient and evaporative cooler conditions. The changes in quality of the guavas over time were evaluated based on the physical, chemical and organoleptic properties of the fruit. The microclimate of the evaporative cooler i.e the temperature and relative humidity, were recorded using a data logger. The shelf life of neem extract treated guavas stored in the evaporative cooler increased by an average of 2 days compared with ambient conditions. For the beeswax treated guava the shelf-life increase by an average of six days compared to the ambient. For untreated guavas the increase in shelf life was 6 days relative to the ambient. The beeswax coated gauvas stored in the evaporative cooler retained the recommended firmness for 5 days more than the ambient. These results show that evaporative cooling combined with beeswax treatment have enormous potential to prolong the shelf-life of guavas significantly. Thus scoria evaporative cooler could be a game changer in post-harvest handing of guavas in rural areas.
Impact of covid-19 pandemic on pregnant women and nursing mothers: integrative review
Authors: Santana Giovanna de Freitas , Panobianco Marislei Sanches
Published: June 2024

Objective: to identify research related to nursing care in Primary Health Care for obstetric patients and nursing mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Integrative literature review in the LILACS, Scielo and MEDLINE databases using combinations "Pregnant Women OR Pregnancy AND COVID-19", "Breastfeeding OR Breastfeeding AND COVID-19" and "Primary Health Care AND Obstetrics". 28 articles were included in the search. Results: information analysed divided into 1) Vulnerabilities and impacts for women during pregnancy during the pandemic; 2) Potentials developed in the COVID-19 pandemic for pregnant and postpartum women; 3) Understand how to continue instructing women on breastfeeding in times of COVID-19 and 4) Protocols developed throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: the study presented looks at assistance to pregnant and breastfeeding women during the pandemic and guides the work for this audience today.
Association Between Gender and Salary Among Pediatric Hospital Medicine Physicians
Authors: Forster Catherine S. , Polak Catherine A. , Chen Chen , Kim Juliann L. , Allan Jessica M. , Gold Jessica M. , Ruch-Ross Holly S. , Fromme H. Barrett , Huang Bin , Schondelmeyer Amanda C.
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVES

Gender-based disparities in salary exist in multiple fields of medicine. However, there is limited data examining gender inequities in salary in pediatric hospital medicine (PHM). Our primary objective was to assess whether gender-based salary differences exist in PHM. The secondary objective was to assess if, among women, the differences in salary varied on the basis of leadership positions or self-identified race and ethnicity.

METHODS

We conducted a survey-based, cross-sectional study of pediatric hospitalists in December 2021. Our primary outcomes were base and total salary, adjusted for the reported number of average weekly work hours. We performed subanalyses by presence of a leadership position, as well as race. We used a weighted t test using inverse probability weighting to compare the outcomes between genders.

RESULTS

A total of 559 eligible people responded to our survey (51.0%). After propensity score weighting, women’s mean base salary was 87.7% of men’s base (95% confidence interval [CI] 79.8%–96.4%, P < .01), and women’s total salary was 85.6% of men’s total (95% CI 73.2%–100.0%, P = .05) salary. On subgroup analysis of respondents with a leadership position, women’s total salary was 80.6% of men’s total salary (95% CI 68.7%–94.4%, P < .01). Although women who identified as white had base salaries that were 86.6% of white men’s base salary (95% CI 78.5%–95.5%, P < .01), there was no gender-based difference noted between respondents that identified as nonwhite (88.4% [69.9%–111.7%] for base salary, 80.3% [57.2% to 112.7%]).

CONCLUSIONS

Gender-based discrepancies in salary exists in PHM, which were increased among those with leadership roles. Continued work and advocacy are required to achieve salary equity within PHM.
The Global Burden of Disease Attributable to Child and Maternal Malnutrition: 1990–2019
Authors: Gong Xingyu , Tang Yuqin , Zhang Mingyi , Yu Yingying , Hu Wanqin , Xu Ying , Liu Yuqi , Sun Hongyu , Yu Guanghui , Zhai Chunxia , Zong Qiqun , Wang Fang , Zou Yanfeng
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE

With this study, we aimed to estimate the disease burden attributable to child and maternal malnutrition (CMM) throughout the world between 1990 and 2019.

METHODS

The number, age-standardized rate, population attributable fraction of deaths, disability-adjusted life-years, years of life lost, and years lived with disability associated with CMM were estimated using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 by age, sex, year, location, and sociodemographic index at the global level. The slope index of inequality and concentration index were employed to measure socioeconomic-related health inequalities across countries.

RESULTS

The number (million) of global deaths, disability-adjusted life-years, and years of life lost related to CMM were 2.9, 294.8, and 250.5 in 2019, showing decreases of 60.8, 57.4, and 60.7% since 1990. However, the number of years lived with CMM-related disability increased from 36.0 in 1990 to 44.3 in 2019. Additionally, the age-standardized rates of these 4 indicators showed varying degrees of decline. The global burden of CMM-related conditions differed with age and sex. The burden was the heaviest in western sub-Saharan Africa, especially in Chad. In terms of diseases, neonatal disorders represented the most significant burden attributed to CMM. Additionally, the CMM burden was more concentrated in regions with low sociodemographic indices, shown by the slope index of inequality and concentration index.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this study highlight the ongoing global burden of CMM, particularly in terms of years lived with disability. Population-wide actions targeting the effective treatment and relief of CMM may reduce the CMM-related disease burden.
Constructing a resilience measurement model for small and medium-sized enterprises in Vietnam: A PLS-SEM approach
Authors: Dinh Hien Thi Thu , Nguyen Quyen Le Hoang Thuy To , Thanh Nguyen Phong
Published: June 2024

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) constitute around 97% of the total number of businesses in Vietnam, which contributes to 60% of the national growth. In a dynamic and uncertain business environment, both domestically and internationally, the resilience of SMEs has become a topic of significant interest among researchers and practitioners. Resilience, however, is a multifaceted concept that depends on the specific context in which it is applied. Therefore, this study aims to construct a measurement model for assessing the resilience of SMEs in Vietnam. Drawing from a dataset collected from 500 SMEs and employing the PLS-SEM technique. the findings of this research indicate that the resilience index is a combination of reflective and formative models. Resilience at level three is a formative construct comprising four prioritized components: agility, anticipatory capability, flexibility, and adaptability. The reflective measurement model of agility, anticipation, flexibility, and adaptability confirms its reliability and validity. These findings form the basis for the effective allocation of resources to enhance resilience within SMEs. Understanding the nuanced aspects of resilience can benefit in developing targeted strategies to bolster SMEs against the challenges posed by an ever-changing business landscape.
Green leadership and competitive advantage: The role of mediation from knowledge management and talent management
Authors: Tri Juniarti Atty , Indra Setia Bayu , Alghifari Erik Syawal , Sya'roni Deden Abdul Wahab
Published: June 2024

This research aims to analyze the impact of green leadership on competitive advantage through the mediating roles of knowledge management and talent management. In the context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0), where technology companies worldwide have international ramifications on innovation, sustainability issues, and environmental impacts such as carbon emissions, e-waste, and natural resource extraction that garner global attention, we chose technology companies in Indonesia as a model. Data was collected using an e-questionnaire, distributed to company managers, and then analyzed using SEM-AMOS. The research results demonstrate that green leadership does not have a direct influence on competitive advantage but rather exerts an indirect influence through knowledge management and talent management. These findings strengthen the view that sustainable strategy must be an essential part of an organization's efforts to achieve competitive advantage.
Assessment of cybersecurity of organizations: An empirical study of Czech and Slovak organizations
Authors: Petrová Kateřina , Spatenka Jan , Vaclavik Lukas
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this research is to evaluate how companies approach cybersecurity, which measures the companies set, and how it is reflected in relation to organizational learning. A questionnaire was distributed electronically among 124 IT and IS professionals working in companies based in the Czech and Slovak Republic. Hypotheses were tested using the chi-square test of independence, the Mann–Whitney U test, and the Pearson correlation coefficient. The results depict that cybersecurity is a fundamental topic for most companies. Unless companies declare the importance of cybersecurity, they do not tend to set and use security rules unless they are not under security laws. Research shows that costs for cybersecurity are variable, not fixed, and are in correlation with the size of the company and the turnover.
Sharia Swimming Pool: A Practice and the Factors that Affect Consumers
Authors: Alam Azhar , Sukmana Raditya , Sholikah Nikmatus , Jim Mahafizur Rahman
Published: June 2024

The swimming pool is a part of tourism, entertainment, and sports activities. The development of halal tourism demands swimming pool facilities that can better meet Sharia principles that benefit Muslim consumers. This study aims to reveal Sharia swimming pool management practices and explore why its customers choose Sharia swimming pools over conventional swimming pools. This research was conducted to reveal the halal lifestyle that has penetrated halal tourism, including swimming pools based on Sharia principles. This study uses a phenomenological approach to reveal the phenomenon of swimming pool practices and factors that affect its customers. This study interviewed 15 people with characteristics of high-intensity Sharia swimming pool use. It revealed that Islamic pool management practices include rules for members to enter, swimwear, facilities, and services provided. This study explores the factors influencing Islamic pool consumers by grouping them internally and externally. Internal factors impacting Sharia swimming pool users include comfort, halal lifestyle, and health. At the same time, the support of facilities, encouragement from others, and unpleasant experiences in public or traditional swimming pools are part of external factors. This study is expected to become a reference for Sharia swimming pool management practices and evidence of the findings of factors that encourage consumers to choose Sharia swimming pools.
Effects of Halal Awareness, Service Quality and Promotion on Visitor Decisions Through Destination Imagery as a Mediator
Authors: Sunarmo Sunarmo , Thurisaina Mihda , Amri Andi , Sagita Ardio
Published: June 2024

Indonesia has a diversity of destinations and natural and cultural wealth; major assets that other countries might not have. Tourists’ desire to travel is undoubtedly diverse. Hence, the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy of the Republic of Indonesia carried out promotions to increase the number of tourist visits by providing halal tourism locations that promoted the Muslim-friendly concept. This study determines the impact of halal awareness, service quality, and promotion on visitor decisions through destination imagery. The research method was descriptive quantitative, incorporating a purposive sampling technique to select participants who are visitors or people who have visited Kota Tua. The present study data were obtained by distributing questionnaires to 150 respondents who had visited Kota Tua tourist attractions in the past six months. The data analysis technique used was path analysis using SPSS software. The Cronbach’s Alpha value for every variable was greater than 0.60, which implies the questions were trustworthy and it was possible to use each one. Based on the path analysis, halal awareness, service quality, and promotion impact on destination imagery has an R Square (R2) of 0.364 or 36.4%. The impact of halal awareness, service quality, and promotion on visitor decisions has an R2 of 0.548 or 54.8%. The findings indicated that halal awareness has a significant impact on destination imagery. Service quality promotion did not have a significant impact on destination imagery. Halal awareness and service quality did not significantly impact visitor decisions. Promotion and destination imagery had a significant impact on visitor decisions.
Perception of Halal Cosmetics Consumers towards Halal Awareness in Online Social Network: Study in Malaysia and Indonesia
Authors: Respati Titik , Jamilah Lina , Alamsyah Indra Fajar , Abdulhadi Abdulrazak
Published: June 2024

The cosmetics and personal care industry has emerged as one of the most prominent and fastest-growing markets, especially among millennials worldwide. The halal cosmetics industry is also important to today's young generation. They and social media technology have become an important part of consumer research. This study explores the factors determining the millennial generation's choice of halal cosmetics. This study used the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) method with 202 millennial respondents from Indonesia and Malaysia. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test result is 0.723%, indicating a middling sampling. The Bartlett test result shows a value of 1848,828 with a significance level of 0.0000 < 0.05, indicating a correlation between the variables. There are no statements with a score of less than 0.5 after the communalities checking. As a result, every statement can be used more thoroughly in this research. Based on the results, six main factors can increase the millennial generation's interest in making choices about halal cosmetics: social media campaign, influencer trustworthiness, halal awareness, brand curiosity in social media, cosmetics advertisement language, and brand trust and product quality.