bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consumption of pelagic tunicates by cetaceans calves in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: FRAIJA-FERNÁNDEZ NATALIA , RAMOS-ESPLÁ ALFONSO A. , RADUÁN MARÍA ÁNGELES , BLANCO CARMEN , RAGA JUAN ANTONIO , AZNAR FRANCISCO JAVIER
Published: July 2018

Gelatinous zooplankton, including jellyfish, ctenophores and pelagic tunicates, constitutes fragile marine animals that live in the water column, and represent an important resource for marine food webs through their seasonal pulses. Although there is scarce evidence on the occurrence of gelatinous zooplankton in stomach contents of apex, endothermic predators such as cetaceans, the ecological significance of such observations requires consideration. In this study, we report on the occurrence of pelagic tunicates in the stomach of three individual calves of two cetacean species from the western Mediterranean, and collate all previous reports of gelatinous zooplankton in cetacean diets. We then briefly discuss the possible dietary significance of these observations.
NEW TREATMENT ROUTE FOR CLOSED-DIE FORGINGS OF STEELS WITH 2.5% MANGANESE
Authors: Bublíková Dagmar , Jeníček Štěpán , Peković Mihal , Jirková Hana
Published: July 2018

The requirements placed on closed-die-forged parts of advanced steels have been increasing recently. Such forgings demand an innovative approach to both design and heat treatment. It is important to obtain high strength and sufficient ductility in closed-die forgings. High strength, mostly associated with martensitic microstructure, is often to the detriment of ductility. Ductility can be improved by incorporating a certain volume fraction of retained austenite in the resulting microstructure. Among heat treatment processes capable of producing martensite and retained austenite, there is the Q&P process (Quenching and Partitioning). This process is characterized by rapid cooling from the soaking temperature to the quenching temperature, which is between Ms and Mf, and subsequent reheating and holding at the partitioning temperature. Thus, strength levels of more than 2000 MPa combined with more than 10% elongation can be obtained. This experimental programme involved steels with 2.5% manganese. Forgings of these steels were heat treated using an innovative process in order to obtain an ultimate strength of more than 2000 MPa combined with sufficient elongation. Thanks to a higher manganese level, the Mf was depressed as low as 78°C, and therefore quenching was carried out not only in air but also in boiling water. Holding at the partitioning temperature of 180°C, when carbon migrates from super-saturated martensite to retained austenite, took place in a furnace. The effects of heat treatment parameters on the resulting mechanical properties and microstructure evolution in various locations of the forging were studied.
EFFECT OF QUENCHING AND TEMPERING PROCESS ON A MEDIUM C STEEL WITH LOW CHROMIUM AND MOLYBENUM ADDITION FOR FORGED COMPONENTS
Authors: Napoli Giuseppe , Fabrizi Giulia , Rufini Riccardo , Mengaroni Sabrina , Di Schino Andrea
Published: July 2018

In this paper the effect of quenching and tempering (Q&T) thermal treatment on mechanical properties of a C-Mn steel with 0.22% Cr for forged components is studied. Due to the lack of any micro-alloying elements (such as vanadium or niobium) such steel can just reach mechanical target allowed by its intrinsic hardenability. Aim of this work is to evaluate the mechanical properties dependence as a function of different quenching and tempering treatments. Results show that, after Q&T, steel can reach a yield strength of 330 MPa combined with a -20°C fracture appearance transition temperature (50% FATT) measured with a Charpy-V impact test making this steel suitable for low temperature application.
Children Crusading against Communism: Mobilizing Boys as Citizen Soldiers in the Early Cold War State
Authors: Kevill-Davies Harriette
Published: July 2018

In 1951, the Bowman Gum company released a collectible card set, sold with bubblegum, entitled The Children’s Crusade Against Communism: Fight the Red Menace. As a consumer item, the cards drew boys into a burgeoning form of American citizenship, but their overtly military tone also links this citizenship to ideas about national security. The narrative of the cards broadly reflects the tenets of the Truman Doctrine: that it is the duty of the United States to uphold global freedom; that communism must be contained; and that national security depends on nuclear power, a strong military, and civilian preparedness to mobilize in defense of peace. The molding of such political content in the cards to appeal to a young audience allows us to understand how such an audience was conceived of in ideological terms. A picture can be conjured of how the audience was imagined to look, what kinds of cues were deemed to be appropriate to such an audience, and how the audience was expected to respond to those cues. An analysis of the cards as they operated within the rhetorical and visual culture of the period reveals that they excluded certain groups from the narrative of American history and, thereby, certain children from the goal of becoming ideal American future citizens, citizens bearing an identity defined by a militarism and a nationalist exceptionalism predicated on pious certitude and righteous superiority.
The Short and the Long of It: Rhetorical Amplitude at Gettysburg
Authors: Charney Davida
Published: July 2018

Treatises on rhetoric since antiquity have illustrated how to amplify passages but give scant attention to strategies for when or why. Dealing mostly with isolated passages, they ignore the effect of amplification on amplitude, the proportions of units that give a text its overall shape. This article considers the relationship between length and importance, sets criteria for a method of mapping amplitude, and applies the method to the Gettysburg addresses of Abraham Lincoln and Edward Everett. Though their shapes differ, each address balances crucial sections against each other. In Lincoln’s case, a more symmetrical shape emerged by accident as he delivered the speech. Then, when editing the official version, he decided to preserve the new shape. Everett’s address is shown to have better proportions than critics assume. Mapping amplitude sheds light on authors’ strategies for dealing with their kairos.
Letramento crítico e o ensino de língua inglesa: fomentando o senso crítico e a cidadania nas aulas de leitura
Authors: Silva Flávia Matias
Published: July 2018

Este artigo é um recorte da proposta desenvolvida em dissertação de mestrado, cujo título é O papel do ensino de língua inglesa na formação do leitor/cidadão crítico: leitura e letramentos no contexto escolar, defendida na Universidade Federal Fluminense em 08 de dezembro de 2015. A pesquisa desenvolvida na dissertação objetivou investigar o papel do letramento crítico (DUBOC, 2014; JORDÃO, 2013, 2014; LANKSHEAR; McLAREN, 2013; TÍLIO, 2012, 2015) e do conhecimento local (KUMARAVADIVELU, 2006) em um processo de implementação das atividades de leitura das quatro primeiras unidades do livro Alive high: inglês, 3° ano: Ensino Médio. Todavia, no presente estudo, analisamos a segunda unidade, objetivando, assim, ilustrar de forma mais sucinta o trabalho desenvolvido na dissertação. Cabe também salientar que a análise do processo de ensino-aprendizagem de leitura em língua inglesa ocorreu em duas turmas do 3° ano do Ensino Médio – Regular de uma escola estadual localizada no município de São Gonçalo/RJ. No que tange aos resultados dessa análise, eles mostraram que o texto da segunda unidade e suas respectivas atividades de leitura podem fomentar práticas crítico-reflexivas e, por conseguinte, viabilizar a formação de leitores/cidadãos críticos. Contudo, para que esse objetivo seja alcançado, o professor precisa estar ciente da importância do papel do conhecimento local e do seu próprio papel de mediador no desenvolvimento e/ou da adaptação dessas atividades pedagógicas.
Defining Resilience
Authors: VanGeem Martha G.
Published: July 2018

The concept of building for resilience has been increasingly adopted by different organizations over the past five years. The definitions and phrases used to define resilience from six sources are compared and a single definition incorporating these is developed.

Organizations use different definitions of resilience or different phrases to describe resilience: The Industry Statement by 21 organizations defines resilience as “the ability to prepare and plan for, absorb, recover from, and more successfully adapt to adverse events.”The National Institute of Standards and Technology defines community resilience as “the ability of a community to prepare for anticipated hazards, adapt to changing conditions, and withstand and recover rapidly from disruptions.”The Department of Homeland Security defines resilience as “the ability to prepare for and adapt to changing conditions and withstand and recover rapidly from disruptions. Resilience includes the ability to withstand and recover from deliberate attacks, accidents, or naturally occurring threats or incidents.”

Different definitions of resilience and what adverse events are included in resilient design vary across organizations and are compared. The events, disruptions, or hazards are often described in general terms, such as “natural,” “technological,” “adverse,” and “human caused.” These can include designing for climate change, floods, wind (tornado and hurricanes), earthquakes, tsunami, drought, landslides and unstable soils, fire including wildfire, terrorism, and other events.

The phases to be included before, during, or after the adverse event also vary.

In summary, resilience is to: Plan or prepare for the natural or human-caused hazard or event by anticipating the risk, which can include addressing risk and mitigating riskAdapt to changing conditionsWithstand, absorb, or limit impact while preferably maintaining functionality during the eventRecover (preferably rapidly) and regain functionality after the event

Resiliency can be accomplished through risk assessment, design, construction, and preparation.
Two Methods to Detect Poorly Sealed Monitoring Wells Using Pumping Test Data in a Confined Aquifer
Authors: Chapuis Robert P. , Chenaf Djaouida
Published: July 2018

A correctly installed monitoring well (MW) has its riser pipe sealed against the borehole wall. When a MW is poorly installed, there is some vertical leakage close to the riser pipe, which creates a hydraulic short circuit (HSC). A static water level is measured in the pipe, but it is not the piezometric level in the aquifer, which is unknown. The piezometric error is the difference between the piezometric level and the static level in the pipe. It yields other errors in determining flow directions, travel times, and well capture areas. The groundwater sampled in the monitored aquifer may be viewed as polluted, whereas it is locally polluted by the faulty MW. This article deals with pumping tests in confined aquifers, for which a poorly sealed MW yields biased drawdown and recovery data. A few solutions to detect an HSC have been proposed, using either a slug test or a pumping test coupled with a tracer test. This article presents two new solutions to detect an HSC: they provide first the piezometric error and then the correct values for drawdown data. The data of a pumping test near Moncton, NB, are used to illustrate the two solutions. They show also that the HSC detection helps to solve previous inconsistencies between different sets of values for transmissivity, T, and storativity, S, as obtained by usual methods for pumping and recovery when short-circuiting is ignored or unsuspected.
Targeting the Mouse Ventral Hippocampus in the Intrahippocampal Kainic Acid Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Zeidler Zachary , Brandt-Fontaine Mikaela , Leintz Caara , Krook-Magnuson Chris , Netoff Tay , Krook-Magnuson Esther
Published: July 2018

Here we describe a novel mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) that moves the site of kainate injection from the rodent dorsal hippocampus (corresponding to the human posterior hippocampus) to the ventral hippocampus (corresponding to the human anterior hippocampus). We compare the phenotypes of this new model—with respect to seizures, cognitive impairment, affective deficits, and histopathology—to the standard dorsal intrahippocampal kainate model. Our results demonstrate that histopathological measures of granule cell dispersion and mossy fiber sprouting maximize near the site of kainate injection. Somewhat surprisingly, both the dorsal and ventral models exhibit similar spatial memory impairments in addition to similar electrographic and behavioral seizure burdens. In contrast, we find a more pronounced affective (anhedonic) phenotype specifically in the ventral model. These results demonstrate that the ventral intrahippocampal kainic acid model recapitulates critical pathologies of the dorsal model while providing a means to further study affective phenotypes such as depression in TLE.
Organization of Neural Population Code in Mouse Visual System
Authors: Esfahany Kathleen , Siergiej Isabel , Zhao Yuan , Park Il Memming
Published: July 2018

The mammalian visual system consists of several anatomically distinct areas, layers, and cell types. To understand the role of these subpopulations in visual information processing, we analyzed neural signals recorded from excitatory neurons from various anatomical and functional structures. For each of 186 mice, one of six genetically tagged cell types and one of six visual areas were targeted while the mouse was passively viewing various visual stimuli. We trained linear classifiers to decode one of six visual stimulus categories with distinct spatiotemporal structures from the population neural activity. We found that neurons in both the primary visual cortex and secondary visual areas show varying degrees of stimulus-specific decodability, and neurons in superficial layers tend to be more informative about the stimulus categories. Additional decoding analyses of directional motion were consistent with these findings. We observed synergy in the population code of direction in several visual areas suggesting area-specific organization of information representation across neurons. These differences in decoding capacities shed light on the specialized organization of neural information processing across anatomically distinct subpopulations, and further establish the mouse as a model for understanding visual perception.
In vitro follicle culture in the context of IVF
Authors: Herta Anamaria C , Lolicato Francesca , Smitz Johan E J
Published: July 2018

The currently available assisted reproduction techniques for fertility preservation (i.e.in vitromaturation (IVM) andin vitrofertilization) are insufficient as stand-alone procedures as only few reproductive cells can be conserved with these techniques. Oocytes in primordial follicles are well suited to survive the cryopreservation procedure and of use as valuable starting material for fertilization, on the condition that these could be grown up to fully matured oocytes. Our understanding of the biological mechanisms directing primordial follicle activation has increased over the last years and this knowledge has paved the way toward clinical applications. New multistepin vitrosystems are making use of purified precursor cells and extracellular matrix components and by applying bio-printing technologies, an adequate follicular niche can be built. IVM of human oocytes is clinically applied in patients with polycystic ovary/polycystic ovary syndrome; related knowhow could become useful for fertility preservation and for patients with maturation failure and follicle-stimulating hormone resistance. The expectations from the research on human ovarian tissue and immature oocytes cultures, in combination with the improved vitrification methods, are high as these technologies can offer realistic potential for fertility preservation.
El campo de estudios de la integración regional y su aporte a las Relaciones Internacionales: una mirada desde América Latina
Authors: PERROTA Daniela Vanesa
Published: July 2018

El trabajo se organiza en base a tres objetivos: primero, analizar los aportes del estudio de la integración regional a las Relaciones Internacionales; segundo, presentar las contribuciones latinoamericanas al campo de estudio de la integración; tercero, analizar la actual discusión disciplinar sobre el desarrollo de las Relaciones Internacionales desde la contribución de la academia latinoamericana. En esto último se incorporan discusiones sobre el uso del conocimiento social y su articulación con las políticas públicas. A lo largo del trabajo se presentan argumentos para cada objetivo. Especialmente para el segundo se afirma que el pensamiento latinoamericano para la integración ha sido generado en redes regionales de producción de conocimiento y constituye un aporte novedoso al campo de estudios. Respecto del tercero, el argumento que se sostiene es que la discusión sobre la globalidad, globalización o internacionalización de la disciplina —abierto hace un tiempo escaso—, aun presenta reflexiones modestas que poco abonan a la identificación de la problemática central: cómo se produce conocimiento en Relaciones Internacionales, la delimitación de centros y periferias y sus diferentes problemas cognitivos y las consecuentes situaciones de dependencia académica.
Intereses en pugna en el estado brasileño en torno de la política de integración para el Mercosur (2003-2010)
Authors: GRANATO Leonardo , REBOUÇAS BATISTA Ian
Published: July 2018

Partiendo de la premisa de la integración regional como una política estatal y con base en un análisis bibliográfico y documental, el objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar y analizar los intereses en pugna en el ámbito de la estructura jurídico-política del estado brasileño con relación a la formulación de la política de integración para el Mercosur, en el período de 2003-2010. De esta forma, el artículo se divide en dos partes. En la primera sección, se construye un abordaje teórico para pensar la integración regional como una política estatal, argumentando acerca de la importancia de incluir las variables domésticas en el estudio de la integración regional. En la segunda sección, se parte de una interpretación crítica de la configuración del estado brasileño en el período estudiado, para luego identificar y analizar los intereses en torno de la integración regional, circunscribiendo la discusión a las esferas institucionales del aparato estatal con competencia para incidir en la formulación de tal política. Entre las conclusiones es sostenido el carácter negociado y abiertamente conflictivo asumido en la toma de posición del estado brasileño frente al tema en cuestión.
Oxidative stress and pesticide disease: a challenge for toxicology
Authors: Cortés-Iza Sandra Catalina , Rodríguez Alba Isabel
Published: July 2018

Introducción. En los últimos decenios, la síntesis de compuestos químicos ha producido un alto número de sustancias utilizadas para proteger los cultivos y las cosechas de las plagas. La mayoría de pesticidas han sido usados en grandes cantidades para fines agrícolas y la exposición tóxica a estos compuestos es un problema de gran envergadura para la toxicología, pues tiene impacto en la salud pública por su importante morbilidad y discapacidad. Así, las intoxicaciones agudas y crónicas pueden ser comunes entre trabajadores agrícolas y población general. Estos compuestos desencadenan mecanismos moleculares relacionados con la peroxidación lipídica, donde las especies reactivas de oxigeno pueden incrementar procesos oxidativos intracelulares.Objetivo. Realizar una revisión de la literatura científica relacionada con enfermedades por estrés oxidativo producido por pesticidas.Materiales y métodos. Revisión de artículos que utilizó las palabras clave Estrés oxidativo; Pesticidas; Peroxidación de lípido; Toxicidad. Se eligieron los artículos relacionados con las enfermedades por estrés oxidativo producido por pesticidas.Resultados. Se encontró que algunas enfermedades hematológicas, neurológicas, metabólicas y genotóxicas pueden estar relacionadas con la peroxidación lipídica que producen los pesticidas.Conclusión. Se presenta una revisión de la literatura científica sobre el estrés oxidativo, la peroxidación lipídica inducida por pesticidas y las diferentes enfermedades que pueden afectar a la población en general.
Humanization of the blood–brain barrier transporter ABCB1 in mice disrupts genomic locus — lessons from three unsuccessful approaches
Authors: Krohn Markus , Wanek Thomas , Menet Marie-Claude , Noack Andreas , Declèves Xavier , Langer Oliver , Löscher Wolfgang , Pahnke Jens
Published: July 2018

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are of major importance for the restricted access of toxins and drugs to the human body. At the body's barrier tissues like the blood–brain barrier, these transporters are highly represented. Especially, ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein) has been a priority target of pharmaceutical research, for instance, to aid chemotherapy of cancers, therapy resistant epilepsy, and lately even neurodegenerative diseases. To improve translational research, the humanization of mouse genes has become a popular tool although, like recently seen for Abcb1, not all approaches were successful. Here, we report the characterization of another unsuccessful commercially available ABCB1 humanized mouse strain. In vivo assessment of transporter activity using positron emission tomography imaging revealed a severe reduction of ABCB1 function in the brain of these mice. Analyses of brain mRNA and protein expression showed that the murine Abcb1a gene is still expressed in homozygous humanized animals while expression of the human gene is minimal. Promoter region analyses underpinned that the introduced human gene might dysregulate normal expression and provided insights into the regulation of both transcription and translation of Abcb1a. We conclude that insertion of the human coding DNA sequence (CDS) into exon 3 instead of exon 2 most probably represents a more promising strategy for Abcb1a humanization.
A review on mobility of engineered carbon-based nanoparticles in porous media
Authors: Siddique Shumsun Nahar
Published: July 2018

Engineered nanoparticles have generated significant public and scientific excitement due to their unique physical, chemical and electrical properties, which have led to their application in a wide variety of industries. Among all these, carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) are widely manufactured nanoparticles which are utilised in a significant quantity of consumer products, such as reinforced concrete, plastics, sporting goods, electronics and biomedical applications. Due to their fast-track use, CNPs constitute a potential risk if they are released to soil and groundwater systems. Toxic effects of CNPs have been observed on the human body as well as the environment; therefore, their release and distribution into the environment has become an important topic of concern. Hence, it is essential to improve the current understanding of CNP transportation and retention into porous media. Several studies have investigated CNP mobility in packed sand columns under water-saturated conditions. This study reviews a significant number of studies which have found that CNP mobility is sensitive to a diversity of experimental conditions, including physical conditions (collector grain size, pore water velocity) and solution chemistry (ionic strength, pH). Further work should be done to understand the pattern of CNP mobility into subsurface environments considering realistic scenarios at field scale.
Urban spaces quality enrichment based on aesthetic values of historical fabrics of Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Mehdizadeh Saradj Fatemeh , Mozafar Farhang , Taefnia Maryam , Sajad Reihaneh A.
Published: July 2018

Historical fabrics are precious cultural heritages of each country that have aesthetic value, which deserves to be protected. Aesthetic values are categorised as objective and subjective, where subjective value is about aesthetics that is perceived by the beholder. Therefore, this study emphasises the subjective aspect of historical fabrics. From previous research studies, much remained in providing some aesthetic principles, so the basic issue discussed in this study is to investigate the methodology of implementing the principles of aesthetics in the design of urban fabrics. The fundamental purpose of this research is to attain the component of the concept of beauty in historical fabrics by understanding the subjective preferences of residents and offering practical guidelines on various aspects of urban design framework. Therefore, the factors that the residents view in three historical fabrics of Isfahan with different physical and social characteristics led to the formation of aesthetic values, derived from survey procedure, library and field studies and the questionnaire method. Finally, these factors were arranged in different dimensions of urban design. It resulted in proposing some strategies about the methods of applying the aesthetic principles in urban design of recently built areas and also in the preservation of historical fabrics.
Determination of some parameters of landrace green bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes collected from Western Mediterranean Region of Turkey
Authors: ULUKAPI Kamile , AYDİNŞAKİR Köksal , KURUM Rana
Published: July 2018

Being
one of the agricultural products to be commonly grown and consumed in the
world, beans display a wide range of production and sort in Turkey though it is
not a native land. Although the beans production is limited to some parts of
Turkey, it is commonly cultivated for family consumption both at low and
high-altitude territories. However, the demand towards the commercial seeds
seems to increase today, and this situation threatens the presence of landrace
genotypes. The landrace genotypes, one of the genetic sources, are crucial for
maintaining the genetic variability, food safety and breeding applications.
From this point of view, this study was conducted in order to determine some
parameters of landrace green bean (Phaseolus
vulgaris L.) genotypes collected from Antalya, Isparta, and Burdur in
Western-Mediterranean of Turkey between 2013 and 2014. In order to develop a
gene pool and to make a beginning material for breeding studies, 124 landrace
common bean genotypes adapted to both coastal line and highlands have been
gathered, recorded and taken under protection with the detected locations. As a
result of the study, the most genotypes were collected from Antalya province.
It has been determined that there are more landrace common bean varieties
(56.5%) in higher altitude areas and it is detected that the pole type (5.5%)
is more common than the bush type. Furthermore, the seeds of 62.9% of the
collected genotypes were unicolor and white color was predominant in the seed
color.
ADALET BAKANLIĞINA BAĞLI KURUMLARDA ÇALIŞAN PERSONELİN YAŞADIĞI TÜKENMİŞLİK, İŞ DOYUMU VE YAŞAM DOYUMU ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN BAZI DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: TANSEL Bülent
Published: July 2018

Bu çalışmada,
Adalet Bakanlığı’na bağlı Adliyeler ile İdare Mahkemelerinde çalışan personelin
yaşam alanlarındaki doyumu, iş doyumu ve mesleki tükenmişlik düzeylerinin
kurumda çalıştıkları unvanlarına, hizmet sürelerine, cinsiyetlerine, medeni
durumlarına, yaşlarına, eğitim durumlarına, çalıştıkları birime, çalışma
saatlerine, çocuk durumlarına, hobi durumlarına, mesleği seçme nedenlerine ve
mesleklerinde değiştirmek isteyip istemedikleri durum değişkenlerine göre
farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı kişisel özelikleriyle mesleki özellikleri arasında
anlamlı bir ilişkinin olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini
Mersin ilinde çalışan 505 adliye personeli oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada; Sosyo
Demografik Bilgilerden Oluşan Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Maslach Tükenmişlik
Envanteri Genel Formu (MTE-GF), Minnesota İş Doyumu Ölçeği (MİDÖ) ve Yaşam
Alanlarındaki Doyum Ölçeği (YADÖ) kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin
istatistiksel analizlerinde; öncelikle iş doyumu, yaşam doyumu ve mesleki
tükenmişlik seviyelerinin değişkenlere göre normallik analizi yapılmış, 50’den
büyük gruplar için Kolmogorov-Smirnov, 50’den daha az
boyuttaki gruplar için Shapiro-Wilk normallik testi sonuçları dikkate
alınmıştır. Çoklu gruplarda tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve ikili gruplarda
t-testi kullanılmıştır. Normal dağılıma sahip olmayan çoklu gruplarda Kruskal
Wallis testi, ikili gruplarda Mann – Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Kişisel
özelliklerle mesleki özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler Pearson ki Kare testi ile
analiz edilmiştir. Çalışanların “medeni durumları” ile “çocuk sahibi olma
durumlarının” duyarsızlaşma; “yaşlarının” duyarsızlaşma, kişisel başarı ve iş
doyumunu; “hobi durumlarının” duygusal tükenme, kişisel başarı ve yaşam
doyumlarını etkilediği gözlenmiştir. Mesleki özelliklerinin duygusal tükenme,
duyarsızlaşma, kişisel başarı, iş ve yaşam doyumlarının kişisel özelliklerine
göre daha fazla etkili olduğu görülmektedir. Unvanları ve çalıştıkları birim;
duygusal tükenme, duyarsızlaşma, kişisel başarı, iş ve yaşam doyumunda etkili
olmaktadır. Hizmet süreleri duyarsızlaşma, kişisel başarı ve iş doyumlarını
etkilemektedir. Mesleği seçme nedenleri ve meslekte en çok değiştirmek
istedikleri husus, duygusal tükenme, duyarsızlaşma, iş ve yaşam doyumları
arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Mevut çalışma, diğer illerdeki
Adalet Bakanlığı’na bağlı adliyelerde çalışan personele uygulanarak,
karşılaştırılmalı ve kapsamlı sonuçlar geliştirilebilir.
YUMUŞAK GÜÇ VE FARKINDALIK ÜZERİNE BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: GÖKBAYRAK AĞAÇDAN Diler
Published: July 2018

Yumuşak
Güç terimi son günlerde çok fazla duymakta olduğumuz bir terim haline
gelmiştir. Amerikalı Profesör Joseph S. Nye tarafından ortaya atılan bu terim,
farkında olmasak da hayatımızın birçok bölümünde karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Dizi
film izlerken, artık hayatımızın bir parçası haline gelmiş olan sosyal paylaşım
sitelerinde sohbet ederken ve birçok benzeri faaliyette yumuşak güç kavramının
etkileri altındayız.                Tarihsel açıdan baktığımızda bu
kavram ilk kez II. Dünya Savaşı’nda ortaya çıkmıştır. Dönemin Dışişleri Bakanı
George Marshall tarafından oluşturulan yardım fonu ile bu güçten Türkiye’de
nasibini almıştır.                 Günümüzde ise Büyük Ortadoğu
Projesi (BOP) adı altında yürütülen Ortadoğu ve Kuzey Afrika ülkelerine yönelik
“demokratikleştirme” çalışmaları, yalnızca psikolojik bir savaşın ötesinde,
batılı güçlerin çıkarları doğrultusunda bir amacı gerçekleştirmek için yapılan
bir stratejidir.

 Peki, bunların ne kadar farkındayız? Bu
çalışmada anket formları hazırlanmış olup, bir devlet üniversitesinde
akademisyenler ve öğrenciler tarafından cevaplandırılmıştır. Cevaplar
incelendiğinde elde edilen veriler ışığında değerlendirilmeler yapılmıştır. Bu
değerlendirmelerin okuyucular açısından bir farkındalık uyandırması amaç
edinilmiştir.
EĞİTİM KURUMLARINDAKİ PSİKOLOJİK GÜVENCE ALGISININ FARKLI DEĞİŞKENLERE GÖRE İNCELENMESİ (AKSARAY İLİ ÖRNEĞİ)
Authors: YAŞAR Ömer , CEMALOĞLU Necati
Published: July 2018

Bu
çalışmada eğitim çalışanlarının psikolojik güvence algıları cinsiyet, yaş,
kıdem, öğrenim düzeyi, okul türü ve kurumdaki çalışma süreleri değişkenleri
açısından incelenmiştir. Araştırma betimsel desendedir. Araştırmanın çalışma
grubunu Aksaray il merkezinde çalışan 250 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır.
Katılımcılara literatür taranarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan
Psikolojik Güvence Algısı Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Ölçekten elde edilen veriler,
SPSS 22 paket program ile çözümlenmiştir. Çözümlemede tanımlayıcı istatistikler
ve Kruskal Wallis H testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, katılımcıların
psikolojik güvence algısı “orta” düzeyde bulunmuştur. Eğitim çalışanların
psikolojik güvence algılarının cinsiyet, yaş, kıdem, okul türü, öğrenim düzeyi
ve kurumdaki görev çalışma süresi değişkenleri açısından anlamlı şekilde
farklılık göstermediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
SOSYAL BİLGİLER DERSİNDE KÜLTÜR ÖĞRETİMİNDE TÜRKÜLERDEN YARARLANMA
Authors: ÜNLÜER Gülbeyaz
Published: July 2018

Bu araştırmada Sosyal Bilgiler dersindeki kültür ve miras
öğrenme alanında yer alan kültürle ilgili kazanımların türkülerden yararlanarak
kazandırılmasına ilişkin öğrencilerin görüşleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Araştırma 2016-2017 öğretim yılı güz döneminde Eskişehir ili Tepebaşı Merkez
İlçesi Ülkü İlkokulunun bir dördüncü sınıfında yürütülmüştür. Öğretim
uygulaması, 24 Ekim 2016-02 Aralık 2016 tarihleri arasında 5 hafta sürmüştür. Araştırmaya
20 öğrenci katılmıştır. Katılımcılar, kolay ulaşılabilir örneklem yoluyla
belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla, kültür ve miras öğrenme alanında yer alan kültürle
ilgili kazanımlarla ilgili türküler belirlenmiştir. Derste türkülerin yer
aldığı çeşitli etkinlikler hazırlanmış ve uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri,
nitel araştırma yaklaşımı çerçevesinde yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile
toplanmış olup, betimsel çözümleme tekniği kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma
sonuçlarına göre, öğrencilerin büyük çoğunluğu Sosyal
bilgiler dersinde türkülerin kullanılmasında türküleri ilgi çekici
bulduklarını, türkülerle dersi daha iyi öğrendiklerini, bazı türkü sözlerini
anlamakta zorlandıklarını, türkülerle öğretim uygulamasından sonra daha fazla türkü dinlemek istediklerini belirtmişlerdir.
XV. YÜZYILA AİT BİR MEKTUP ÖRNEĞİNİN DİPLOMATİK DİL, USLÜP VE TARİHİ KAYNAK OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ATICI ARAYANCAN Ayşe
Published: July 2018

XIV-XV yüzyıl Türk tarihinin aydınlatılabilmesi
için tarihi belgeler her zaman önemli olmuştur. Bu belgeler arasında mektuplar,
fermanlar vakayinameler birinci elden ilk kaynaklar arasındadır. Söz konusu dönem
tarihine, özellikle de Akkoyunlu- Karakoyunlu ve Osmanlı ilişkilerine ışık
tutan bu belgelerden birisi Uzun Hasan’ın Sultan Mehmed’e yolladığı mektuptur.
Söz konusu mektubun orijinal olan metni Feridun Bey’in Mecmûa-i Münşeât-ı
Selâtîn adlı eserinde yer almaktadır. Makalede Abdulhüseyin Nevaî’nin “Esnâd ve Mukâtebât-ı Tarihî-yi İran ez Timur
ta Şâh İsmail” adlı eserindeki nüshayı dikkate alacağız. Bu makalede mektubun
diplomatik açıdan dil, üslup,diplomatik ve 
tarihi içeriğinin değerlendirilmesi yapılacaktır.
Síndrome de burnout em acadêmicos de enfermagem
Authors: Moreira Daniela Chaves Peixoto , Fernandes Rita de Cassia Julia , De Almirante Mércia Teixeira , Gonçalves Cíntia Carolina Silva
Published: July 2018

A Síndrome de Burnout (SB) refere-se a uma resposta aos níveis elevados de estresse relacionados as situações laborais, estando mais relacionada a profissionais aptos a cuidar do estado de saúde do outro. A enfermagem é uma dessas profissões que sofre com esta síndrome, sendo que pode vir a ocorrer também em estudantes desta graduação. Diante dessa situação o objetivo deste estudo objetivo do estudo foi descrever como os acadêmicos de enfermagem podem desenvolver a SB. Este estudo exploratório-descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, através de revisão bibliográfica sistemática, tipo metassíntese, foi realizada com a coleta de dados através da consulta no portal eletrônico SCIELO, BVS e sua base de dados LILACS, livros e manuais. Foram eleitas 30 publicações entre artigos, teses, dissertações e livros, das quais 18 foram analisadas e utilizadas por meio da categorização temática, através da identificação de características comuns existentes entre títulos e resumos de cada referência, 12 foram excluídas por não estarem de acordo os critérios de inclusão e as outras 9 publicações foram utilizadas para complementar a elaboração do artigo. As pesquisas evidenciaram que não houve ocorrência da Síndrome de Burnout nos acadêmicos, entretanto esse público está vulnerável a fatores predisponentes à síndrome. Contudo, tal síndrome é pouco abordada no público acadêmico, ressaltando-se a necessidade de pesquisas e abordagens mais profundas, contribuindo para prevenção dessa síndrome, para que futuramente o graduando não ingresse no meio profissional já acometido por esse distúrbio psíquico, comprometendo sua qualidade de vida, como também a qualidade de atendimento ao cliente.
Role of Circulatory Hypoxia in the Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Sidorenko E. I. , Nikolaeva G. V. , Sidorenko E. E.
Published: July 2018

Purpose: to study the pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity.

Patients and methods.642 preterm infants born before 30 weeks  gestation with the weight less 1500 grams were examined. The  study included: indirect ophthalmoscopy; digital retinoscopy; calibrometry of retinal vessels; dopplerography;  analysis of partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the  capillary blood. 

Results. The first phase of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)  occurred due to the immaturity of the mechanisms of autoregulation  of the blood flow and the inadequate reaction of immature retinal  vessels to oxygen. It was established: the less gestational age of a  child, so there are less mechanisms of autoregulation of  hemodynamics. The perverse reaction of autoregulation leads to  pronounced arteriospasm, increasing the zone of hypoxia, and  triggering pathological angiogenesis. In morphologically immature  children, arteriospasm of retina vessels is more often detected, and  narrowing degree of vessels is higher. Arteriospasm is defined in 82  % of children born at the age of gestation from 25 to 27 weeks, in  67 % — at a period from 28 to 29 weeks, in 54 % — from 30 to 32  weeks. In children with ROP in the preclinical period of the disease,  retinal angiospasm is noted at values of pO2 in capillary blood less  then 40 mm Hg or exceeding the upper limit of the norm values of  pCO2 (the norm values of pO2 are 40–60 mmHg, pCO2 are 35–45  mm Hg). Autoregulation of blood flow is immature and inadequate.  In the group before 30 weeks of post-conceptual gestational age  without development of ROP, a spastic reaction of retinal arteries  was revealed at the background of subnormal pO2 values in capillary  blood. Biochemical autoregulation of blood flow is still  immature. But from the 30 week of post-conceptual gestational age  arteriospasm of retina is formed at values of pO2 of 45 mm Hg or  higher (p < 0.05). The normal caliber of retinal arteries in children  without development of ROP is revealed at the background of mean  values of pO2 below 45 mm Hg and values of pCO2 below 42 mm Hg before 30 weeks of post-conceptual gestational age, and above 45  mm Hg from the 30th week of post-conceptual gestational age. In children without ROP from 30 weeks of gestational age biochemical  autoregulation of blood flow functions. It is important the degree of  an angiospasm for the development of ROP. Dopplerographic critical  index of blood flow disturbance in the ophthalmic and anterior cerebral arteries has been established — the index of resistance (IR)  exceeding 0.8. It is a precursor of the development of ROP and pathological angiogenesis. In the group of children with ROP, the IR  of the anterior cerebral artery is 0.84 ± 0.02 (in av.). The IR of the  ocular artery was 0.83 ± 0.03. In higher index (up to 0.9–1), the  process in the eye was more active.
The Effectiveness Analysis of Joint Use of Different Groups Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Treatment and Prevention of Cystoid Macular Edema in Patients after Phacoemulsification
Authors: Pirogov Yu. I. , Bovykina A. Yu.
Published: July 2018

Purpose: to analyze the results of the joint eye drops application of 0.09 % solution of bromfenac and 0.1 % solution of dexamethasone and subtenons triamcinolone injection for treatment  and prevention of cystoid macular edema (CME) in patients after phacoemulsification.

Patients and methods: The study included 914 patients (1147 eyes) which held phacoemulsification with IOL implantation. Depending on the postoperative treatment patients randomized into  two groups. Patients of the first group received instillation of eye  drops of antibiotics-fluoroquinolones and 0.1 % dexamethasone.  Patients of the second group were prescribed instillation of eye drops of 0.09 % solution of bromfenac in addition to the treatment. In  each group the patients diagnosed CME after phacoemulsification  were divided into subgroups depending on the presence or absence  of concomitant involution of retinal pathology. In cases of diagnosis of macular edema after phacoemulsification (2nd group of  patients) periocular triamcinolone injections were made.

Results. The efficacy of bromfenac was estimated by the number of  cases of postoperative CME in the compared groups. In patients of  the first group, complications occurred in 3.1 % of cases. In patients  of the second group the number of complications was  significantly lower (1.5 %), including a significant reduction in the  incidence of CME observed in patients without concomitant of  macular pathology (AMD and epiretinal fibrosis). A combination of  steroid and NSAID in the treatment of CME provides the regression  of macular edema in all patients, regardless of the presence of  involution macular pathology. The positive effect of periocular  triamcinolone injections in the treatment of anti-inflammatory eye drops was noted in 8 of 9 cases a month after the first injection.
Еstimation of Therapeutic Effect of Endonasal Electrophorosis with Methylethylpyridinol in Partial Optic Nerve Atrophy
Authors: Razumovskaya A. M. , Razumovsky M. I. , Koroviansky Yu. A. , Razumovsky E. S.
Published: July 2018

Purpose:to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the drug Emoxypin administered by the method of endonasal electrophoresis to patients with partial atrophy of the optic nerve (PAON).

Patients and methods.The treatment was conducted in 43 patients, the average age was 53 ± 2 years, with partial optic nerve  atrophy of different etiology. The main group consisted of 22  patients who received Emoxypin by endonasal electrophoresis and a  comparison group of 21 people who received Emoxypin by  parabulbar injections. Each patient underwent ophthalmological  examination, which included: visometry, perimetry, refractometry,  biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, examination of visual performance,  evaluation of the state of bulbar microcirculation (general  conjunctival index — OCI). In addition, electrophysiological studies  of the vision organ carried out: the critical frequency of flicker fusion  (CSFM) and the electrical sensitivity of the eye (EF).

Results. The results of statistical analysis showed the effectiveness of the drug Emoksipin for the treatment of PAON by endonasal  electrophoresis and revealed improvement in visual functions:  widening the field of view to white, red and green colors, reducing  visual fatigue, improving electrophysiological parameters and bulbar microcirculation.

Conclusion.Evaluation of the effectiveness of Emoxypin use by  endonasal electrophoresis with partial optic nerve atrophy of various  etiologies showed a statistically significant positive therapeutic effect (79 %) in the form of restoration of visual functions. With parabulbar injection of this medicine, as well as with endonasal electrophoresis  in 81 %, the field of view was widened from 5° to 25° in various  meridians, the number of relative cattle in the field of vision  decreased, and in both groups, there was an improvement in visual  performance. Among patients who underwent endonasal electrophoresis, no side effects were observed.
Van 't Hoff en de roep uit Leipzig in 1887
Authors: Van den Berg Rob
Published: July 2018

When in June 1887 the Dutch physical-chemist J.H. van ’t Hoff was invited to accept a position at the renowned University of Leipzig, this resulted in a frenzy of activity Amsterdam, where friends, colleagues, students and politicians tried to convince Van ‘t Hoff to stay. Just three weeks later, the municipal authorities made a considerable sum of money available for the construction of a new chemistry laboratory causing Van `t Hoff to give in and remain loyal to his native country. For Van ‘t Hoff the invitation from Leipzig had an unfortunate consequence when four months later, rumours started to circulate that there had never been an offer from Leipzig at all. He was accused of cheating the Municipal Authorities of Amsterdam. Thus, he was obliged to defend his case by going to Germany in person and obtain written proof. The episode illustrates some of the tensions inherent in late nineteenth century Dutch cultural nationalism. The Dutch scientific community craved for international recognition but simultaneously frowned upon those who acted upon such recognition by accepting foreign offers.
De R.K. hbs voor Meisjes te Amsterdam: Katholieke emancipatie in het interbellum
Authors: Streefland Aad
Published: July 2018

The first Roman Catholic HBS for girls in the Netherlands was founded in 1914 by the Sisters Franciscans of Heythuysen, at the request of the Catholic elite of Amsterdam. The school grew so fast that already in 1925 a new building on the Reynier Vinkeleskade was opened.  The character of the HBS made the school not only a breeding ground for Catholic women’s emancipation, but also a place where girls could study the medical and the exact sciences. Some of them became the first female doctors and laboratory workers in Amsterdam. Initially, the school had an elitist character, but from the moment the school became a ‘lyceum’ in 1926, students from other layers of the (Catholic) population started to come to the school. With the opening of an MMS-department in 1952 the school got a new name: Fons Vitae Lyceum. It still exists under that name.
Relación de la autorregulación infantil con sensibilidad materna y contexto familiar a los 12 y 30 meses de edad
Authors: Epstein Alexandra , Pesce Catalina , Errázuriz Catalina , Gómez-Barris Isidora , Izquierdo Victoria , Farkas Chamarrita
Published: July 2018

La autorregulación se refiere a la capacidad del niño para modificar su conducta según las demandas del entorno. Esta presenta una gran influencia en el desarrollo infantil, especialmente en el ámbito social. Desde una mirada evolutiva, la autorregulación, como característica temperamental, depende de factores tanto biológicos como contextuales, donde las figuras parentales juegan un rol determinante. En el siguiente estudio se analizó la relación entre la sensibilidad de la madre cuando el niño tenía 12 meses y su autorregulación tanto a los 12 como a los 30 meses de edad, para analizar si la sensibilidad materna predice la autorregulación infantil a los 30 meses. Además se incluyeron variables del contexto familiar, como tipo de familia, tipo de hijo y NSE. La muestra incluyó 72 diadas madre-hijo, con un diseño descriptivo, longitudinal, comparativo y correlacional. Se aplicó la Escala de Sensibilidad del Adulto (E.S.A.), un cuestionario sociodemográfico y los cuestionarios de temperamento IBQ-R-VSF y ECBQ-VSF. Los resultados muestran una relación significativa entre la autorregulación de los infantes a los 12 meses, con el tipo de hijo que el niño es, y la interacción entre NSE y sensibilidad de las madres. A los 30 meses en cambio, además de la autorregulación a los 12 meses, solo resulta ser un predictor significativo el tipo de hijo. Se discuten las implicancias de los resultados.