bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of ballistic properties on ARMOX 500T steel welded joint
Authors: Garašić Ivica , Jurica Maja , Barišić Ante , Iljkić Dario
Published: April 2019

In this paper, the effect of different hardness filler materials and sequence of welding on the ballistic performance has been investigated. Also, besides the optimization of the ballistic properties, other mechanical testing was carried out in order to achieve wanted mechanical
properties along the entire welded joint. The experimental work includes macrostructure analysis, ballistic testing, and hardness testing of steel welded joint. The base material used in the experiment were ARMOX® 500T plates. In this experiment 3 different filler materials were used. Based on the testing results, it was found out that best ballistic performance of the welded joint is achieved if capping layer is welded with a hardfacing filler material. This distributes the impact energy to a greater area and transfers it to the lower hardness weld layer underneath which then absorbs the rest of the energy.
Первые сведения об организмах зоопланктона и зообентоса Северного Екатерининского канала
Authors: Кононова О. Н. , Батурина М. А. , Тетерюк Б. Ю.
Published: April 2019

В работе приведены первые сведения о зоопланктоне и зообентосе Северного Екатери-нинского канала, соединяющего бассейны рек Волги и Северной Двины. В русле канала установлено 26 видов и форм планктонных организмов и 18 таксономических групп бентоса, в том числе 11 видов и форм олигохет. Все отмеченные в составе зоопланктона (за исключением коловратки Notommata falcinella) и зообентоса таксоны указывались ранее как в основном русле р. Вычегды, так и в водоемах ее бассейна. Численность и биомасса водных организмов были невысокими. В планктоне по численности преобладали коловратки, в бентосе – ракообразные и черви, биомассу в планктоне формировали коловратки и ветвистоусые раки, в бентосе – личинки амфибиотических насекомых
ANALISIS RASIO LIKUIDITAS PADA PT. BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT (BPR) NAGARI KASANG
Authors: Fitri Hesti Yulisa , Marlius Doni
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study was to find out how the liquidity ratioin PT. BPR Nagari Kasang. The research method used is the method of data analysis qualitative and quantitative. The type of data used is secondary data obtained from reports of public credit banks in the Nagari Kasang 2014-2018 period. The results of this study indicate that the bank CR level is still in a fluctuating position. The QR level also indicate that the bank is in a poor condition because the ideal QR is 100%, meaning that the bank is not efficent is managing its funds. The position LDR of the bank is said to healthy because it is in accordance with BI standards.
Corpus Data
Authors: Bahri Saeful , Wibowo Agung , wajhillah rusda
Published: April 2019

Corpus yang digunakan dalam penelitian kami yang berjudul "Mapping College Research Roadmap Based On Information Retrival By Lectures Scintific Publication Documets
Mathematics Anxiety in Pre-Service Elementary Teachers and its Impact on their Teaching
Authors: Basso Anita
Published: April 2019

Anxiety in pre-service elementary teachers (PSETs) often affects their views of mathematics as well as the practices and teaching methods they choose to use. Due to this, many PSETs often choose to use traditional teaching methods in the classroom which can have counteractive effects on their math anxiety (Harper & Daane, 1998; Olson & Stoehr, 2019; Tooke & Lindstrom, 1998). The goal of this paper is to better comprehend and discover the ways in which math anxiety in PSETs impacts their teaching and whether there are ways to limit these negative emotions about mathematics. Much of the research on this topic look at either PSETs’ beliefs/views or their teaching practices. The focus of this paper will be to analyze the relationship between their beliefs/views and their teaching such to look at how one influences the other or if they have a symbiotic relationship as well as looking at how one’s individual psychology influences these beliefs/views. Using a symbolic interactionist lens, the arguments provide evidence from the literature that looks at the relationships between people and others. Moreover, in touching upon these relationships, this paper also delves into gender issues and stereotypes that have influenced these relationships. The implications of this paper deal primarily with the impact of gender stereotypes on teaching and anxiety as well as what teaching practices are most favourable when looking at reducing anxiety levels in PSETs.
THE CORRESPONDENCE OF THE TONGUE CENTRAL LINE DEVIATION WITH THE PATHOLOGY OF SPINAL CURVATURE
Authors: Shundryk M.A. , Marchenko I.Y. , Tkachenko I.M. , Vodoriz Y.Y. , Boyko V.V.
Published: April 2019

Scientific researches suggest posture problems as a factor affecting the occurrence of occlusion anomalies as well as their complications. The surface of the tongue may reflect disorders in digestion, cardiac activity, nervous and endocrine systems. In the literature, there is data that the tongue can help in the diagnosis of many diseases, because its general appearance is in a significant relation with its anatomical features. Receptors of its mucous membrane are closely related to the central nervous, cardiovascular, endocrine and locomotor systems. Aim. The purpose of the study was to determine the correspondence between the location of the tongue median line and the degree of distortion of the vertebral column at different levels in children with scoliosis. Materials and methods. Totally 56 children (30 girls, 26 boys) aged 11-14 years were examined, with a duration of musculoskeletal disorders 1-3 years. For each participant, the oral cavity examination was performed, the position of the middle line of the tongue was determined. X-ray images of vertebral column of patients from investigated groups were analyzed. Results. In the group with 1 year duration of the disease 25.02% patients had distorted median line of the tongue, in the group with 2 years of duration of the disease - 65,52% participants had the deviation of the medial line of the tongue, in the group with 3 years of duration of the disease 86.66% of patients had the deviation of the median line of the tongue. Conclusions. This research allows us to recommend paying attention not only to the size, color, state of the papillae of the tongue, but also to the position of the middle line, whose distortion may indicate the deviation of the vertebral column in different portions. Further research is needed to detect the mechanisms of influence of the spine and the influence of skeletal muscles on muscles of the maxillofacial area, which are involved in the formation of occlusion and function of the organs of the oral cavity.
Registration of ‘S11‐20124C’ Soybean with High Yield Potential, Multiple Nematode Resistance, and Salt Tolerance
Authors: Shannon G. , Nguyen H. T. , Crisel M. , Smothers S. , Clubb M. , Vieira C. C. , Ali M. L. , Selves S. , Mitchum M. G. , Scaboo A. , Li Z. , Bond J. , Meinhardt C. , Robbins R. T. , Chen P.
Published: April 2019

‘S11‐20124C’ (Reg. No. CV‐532, PI 689118) is a high‐yielding semi‐determinate early maturity group V (5.1) conventional soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar developed and released in 2017 by the University of Missouri–Fisher Delta Research Center Soybean Breeding program. It was developed through conventional breeding from a cross between ‘S05‐11482’ × ‘S06‐4649RR’. The development of high‐yielding conventional soybean became advantageous due to premium prices offered for non–genetically modified soybean products, as well as lower seed costs compared with herbicide‐tolerant cultivars. Additionally, early maturity group V (5.1) soybeans are highly desirable for early planting and after wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in double cropping systems. S11‐20124C was evaluated in 113 environments from 2012 to 2016 in Missouri and other southern states. It is demonstrated to be well adapted through its consistent superior or equivalent performance to the commercial checks with similar maturity. S11‐20124C has a wide disease resistance package, including moderate resistance to soybean cyst nematode races 1, 2, 3, 5, and 14 (HG Type 2.5.7, Type 1.2.5.7, Type 7, Type 2.5.7, Type 1.3.6.7 respectively) and resistance to southern root‐knot nematode and reniform nematode . Seed averages 416 g kg−1 protein and 245 g kg−1 oil. High yield potential, resistance to multiple diseases, and broad adaptation make S11‐20124C a good choice for soybean growers across US southern states.
Geno-Bragg's law and 10*x10 representation of SU(3) symmetry for quasicrystal structures
Authors: Animalu Alexander O.E.
Published: April 2019

The synthesis of quasicrystals and observation of their unexpected 10-fold symmetric diffraction pattern by D. Shechtman and co-workers 1982–1984 provide a natural bridge for bringing solid state (condensed matter) physics within the purview of Santilli’s 1967–2006 Lie-admissible generalization of quantum mechanics (QM) under the name “hadronic” mechanics (HM) via our recent non-unitary scattering theory of HM for deep-inelastic [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] scattering processes. This is achieved in this paper by a re-formulation and elaboration of Bragg’s law of diffraction for quasicrystals under the title Geno-Bragg’s law which permits identification of the deformed quasicrystalline state with 10*x10 representation of SU(3) symmetry. Essentially, because only 1-,2-,3-,4- and 6-fold but not 5-fold point symmetry of perfectly periodic crystal lattice are allowed in 3-dimensional (3D) real or reciprocal lattice space, a (non-unitary) deformation of the allowed (cubic) 4-fold and (hexagonal) 6-fold symmetry axes into a common diffraction (square-hexagon) geno-plane having 10-fold point symmetry is achievable as envisaged in HM. As a result, the current icosahedron approximant structure is replaced by cube-hexagon genospace structure that permits determination of atomic distribution in quasicrystals as holographic (periodic) structure. Further elaboration of Geno-Bragg’s law to high energy (relativistic) deep-inelastic scattering processes described by current-current interaction models of neutron synthesis/decay is applied to the determination of the structure of the neutron and the implications for geno-renormalization of mass and the ratios of the masses of the elementary particles are discussed.
Kerr-Schild geometry from cosmology to microworld and space-time structure
Authors: Burinskii Alexander
Published: April 2019

The Kerr-Schild (KS) geometry is linked tightly with the auxiliary flat Minkowski background. Nevertheless, it describes many curved space-times and the related physical models, starting from cosmology and black holes to the microworld of the spinning elementary particles and the pre-quantum structure of vacuum fluctuations. We consider here a KS model of the Bubble Universe – a semi-closed Universe with a rotating de Sitter (or anti-de Sitter) space embedded in an external flat space-time. When the solution has two horizons, it may also be interpreted as an Universe inside a black hole. In micro-world the KS geometry yields a model of the spinning particle consistent with gravity and describes a pre-quantum twistorial structure of space-time with the beam-like fluctuations of metric consistent with the beamlike fluctuations of electromagnetic vacuum. These light-like twistor-beams excitations are consistent with gravity and generalize the known pp-wave solutions. Following Wheeler's estimations of the density of vacuum fluctuations we arrive at the general conclusion that Universe should be flat and have a zero cosmological constant. It contradicts predominant doctrine of the Big Bang and expanding Universe, and enforces us to return to an 'effective flat geometry' filled by the electromagnetic background radiation.
Multi-valued hypermathematics for characterization of matter and antimatter systems
Authors: Davvaz B. , Santilli R.M. , Vougiouklis T.
Published: April 2019

The hyperstructures used in Hadronic Mechanics, more precisely on the characterization of matter-antimatter systems are presented. Some topics of hyperstructures related on the topic as the [Formula: see text]-structures, e-hypernumbers, e-hypervector spaces, P-hyperoperations are extensively presented. The theory of Santilli’s isomathematics is also presented. A new realization is used to represent a part of the Santilli’s theory on matter and anti-matter.
The matrix theory of mathematical field and the motion of mathematical points in n-dimensional metric space
Authors: Dymnikov Alexander D.
Published: April 2019

A matrix theory of n-dimensional mathematical field and the motion of mathematical points in n-dimensional metric space is developed. Two spaces are considered: the n-dimensional space of an integrable coordinate vector [Formula: see text] with the integrable metric [Formula: see text] and the n-dimensional space of a non-integrable but differentiable coordinate vector [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. We call the coordinate space of the vector Q as the absolute space.

The derivatives of the non-integrable but differentiable matrix e are expressed through the elements of the Christoffel symbols and the elements of the Ricci and Riemann curvature matrices. The absolute velocity vector [Formula: see text] and the absolute mathematical field matrix [Formula: see text] are introduced. We obtain two groups of the matrix field equations, the first of which is written in the two following forms: [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] the trace of the matrix P, K is is the absolute Ricci matrix function, [Formula: see text] is the n-dimensional absolute velocity vector, ρ is a scalar function, which is the eigenvalue of K with the corresponding eigenvector [Formula: see text]. The interpretation of this pure mathematical theory in 4-dimensional space is the theory of the electromagnetic and gravitational fields and the motion of charged and neutral particles in the electromagnetic-gravitational field.
The Thomas program and the canonical proper-time theory
Authors: Ares de Parga, G. , Gill T.L. , Zachary W.W.
Published: April 2019

In a seminal paper, Thomas [1] suggested that a many-particle relativistic dynamics can be constructed provided that we give up the assumption of invariant world-lines. In the first part of this paper, we show that, using only retarded potentials, a completely consistent action-at-a-distance classical electrodynamics can be constructed, which provides the correct dissipative force (back reaction) in the equations of motion. In particular, we can account for radiation reaction without the Lorentz-Dirac equation, which requires self-energy (divergence), advanced potentials and mass renormalization. What is equally interesting is that the Bakamjian and Thomas [2] program is a special case and, the calculations could have been completed by them, had they considered the problem. The general theory provides a new invariance group which is related to the Lorentz group by a scale transformation. This theory also provides a natural (and unique) definition of simultaneity for all observers, completing Thomas program. As an unexpected side benefit, the theory is noninvariant under time reversal and requires no assumptions about the structure of the charged particles.
Some ontological aspects of physics for matter and anti-matter
Authors: Johansen Stein E.
Published: April 2019

Hadronic mechanics, initiated by Ruggero Maria Santilli, has established a systematic and extensive scientific treatment of matter vs. anti-matter (as well as positive vs. negative energy, and positive vs. negative time) on an equal footing in theoretical physics, also referred to as “with scientific democracy”. This represents a radical progression compared to the situation in conventional quantum mechanics and relativity theory. Some predictions from this treatment seem recently to have received important support from independent research and experiment. In recent times there has been developed other quite sophisticated theories of physics (Kozyrev, Rowlands, Pitkänen), more or less complementary to hadronic mechanics, that also treat matter vs. anti-matter on an equal ontological footing. In the case of Kozyrev's causal mechanics it is interesting that also this theory, just as what is the case for hadronic mechanics, has become supported by break-throughs into potent novel technology. Thus, judged from forefronts of modern physics and technology, the notion of a “twin universe” in ancient mythology has become quite reestablished as the truth of the issue. With respect to the laws of thermodynamics this notion suggests a simple solution of the old riddle of how the universe can feed itself, by conceiving the energy outflow from one moiety to represent the inflow to the other by switching sign and by this constituting overall nil potency. At the same time this notion poses some intriguing new questions which also seem to be quite basic questions of philosophy and ontology. The article explores some of these far-reaching issues from the framework of hadronic hypermechanics. It is acknowledged that these are not merely questions of concern for hermetic philosophy or for theoretical exercises in physics and astrophysics, but somewhat urgent matters, among these: the technological challenge of how to detect incoming celestial bodies of anti-matter.
The cosmological implications of nonlocal gravity
Authors: Rowlands Peter
Published: April 2019

The maximal failure of the quantum prediction of the ‘cosmological constant’ creates difficulties for a quantum theory of gravity, and for gravity as a local force, as does the failure of quantum gravity to preserve locality. The attractive nature of the gravitational force and the negative sign of its energy may be indications that it is intrinsically nonlocal and not limited to speed of light transfer. If we assume that gravity is nonlocal, a new set of equations will be needed to reconcile its effects with those observed under local measuring conditions. The cosmological redshift, microwave background radiation and arrow of time now become purely physical phenomena suggesting a totally different cosmology from the one currently generally accepted. The ‘cosmological constant’ is a necessary consequence and was predicted by this method long before it was experimentally discovered. The calculations also provide values for important astronomical constants in good agreement with measured results, and allow us to make predictions in particle physics such as the masses of the lightest neutrinos. Any cosmology that follows will be a result of fundamental physical laws and not a merely historical record of arbitrary events that just happened to take place in some inexplicable sequence.
Dynamic Multiple Scattering, frequency shift and possible effects on quasars astronomy
Authors: Roy Sisir , Roy Malabika , Kafatos Menas
Published: April 2019

The present authors have explored Dynamic Multiple Scattering (DMS) theory for explaining the shift as well as spectral line broadening, based on Wolf's idea of induced correlation mechanism of the spectral lines. Our recent work, based on the statistical analysis of the Véron-Cetty data (2006) and SDSDD (DR3) data support supports that quasar redshifts fit the overall Hubble expansion law, as in the case of galaxies, for z ⩽ 0.295 but not for higher redshifts, indicating clearly the inadequacy of the Doppler effect as the sole mechanism in explaining the redshifts for high redshift quasars (z ⩾ 0.295). We found that the redshift possess an additive, “discordant” component of the frequency shifting due to this correlation induced mechanism (DMS) which becomes more effective for ∼ 0.295 ⩽ z ⩽ 3.0. The recent observational data on redshift z versus apparent magnitude (m) (Hubble diagram) are found to be in good agreement for suitable range of values of the induced correlation parameters. Our analysis emphasize on the importance of the local effects i.e., of the environmental aspects of relevance (recent observations of molecular gases, the plasma like environment with spatial and temporal variations of the density, temperature and ionization content of the medium) around quasars, especially, for the higher redshifts (z ⩾ 0.3) limits.
Reasonable doubt: Cosmology's gift for physics
Authors: Whitney Cynthia Kolb
Published: April 2019

This paper is about some of the ways in which the study of Cosmology has been key, both in initially developing, and in probing retroactively into, the foundations of modern physics. The past role of cosmological observations in triggering the development of mathematical physics, and modern science in general, is well known. But the present role of cosmological observations in possibly triggering a review of some never-challenged assumptions is playing out only presently, and so is not completely known yet. The cosmological observations cited in this paper concern the apparently universal pattern displayed by barred spiral galaxies. The typical barred spiral galaxy follows a common ‘body plan’ consisting of two spiral arms, acutely curved, and a central bar, not exactly straight. The arm curvature seems about the same for all such galaxies, and the bar wandering, if it is visible, is similar in initial slope to the arms. The several issues in physical theory that this so-common pattern invites us to acknowledge and investigate first arose in Electrodynamics. They then propagated into Quantum Mechanics and into Special Relativity Theory, and then into General Relativity Theory. Quantum Mechanics and Relativity Theory are the main pillars of twentieth century physics. So better clarifying the issues in Electrodynamics is important. If that elucidation comes to pass, Cosmology will have driven modern science, yet again, to a new level of understanding.
An XML-based collaborative framework for ASIC eDesign
Authors: Hekmatpour Amir , Salehi Azadeh , Coulter James
Published: April 2019

Efficient management of the large number of expertise and services required for design and verification of complex integrated circuits demands a collaborative design environment. Such an environment should be able to accommodate distributed design teams and design services, as well as heterogeneous design tools and data models. This paper describes a web-based framework for collaborative design of complex integrated circuits such as Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) and System-on-a-chip (SoC). The XML-based framework provides a collaborative environment for secure exchange and OnDemand conversion of heterogeneous design data and delivery of design services. It enables sharing of design data among various design tools and applications by utilizing a central data XML schema. The framework enables transport of integrated design data, design services and EDA tools across a unified XML protocol. The virtual central database provides managed access, control, collaboration, and sharing of expertise and design services across LAN, Intranet, or Internet. Secure design data and silicon IP interchange are supported across distributed design centers. Outsourced resources and internal expertise are integrated via IBM Customer Connect or industry standard HTTP tunnel protocols. A web-based silicon IP portal for OnDemand IP design specification, qualification and data exchange is developed based on the system architecture described in this paper.
Generating Maude formal specifications from AUML diagrams
Authors: Mokhati Farid , Boudiaf Noura , Badri Linda , Badri Mourad
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we present a formal and systematic approach allowing translating the specification of the interactions between agents, described using AUML formalism, in a Maude specification. Based on rewriting logic, the formal and object-oriented language Maude offers an interesting way for concurrent systems formal specification and programming. The main objectives of our approach are essentially: (1) to specify formally multi-agent systems behavior and, (2) to provide a healthy description preserving the consistency in their behavior and supporting their verification and validation process. The Maude descriptions, generated in the context of the developed framework, have been validated using the platform supporting the Maude language.
Transformational design of an interactive component straddling communication streams
Authors: Dosch Walter
Published: April 2019

The paper presents the transformational design of a transmission component that straddles an incoming stream of messages such that each two proper messages in the output stream are separated by a specified number of pauses. We refine the communication-oriented input/output behaviour to a state-based implementation exploiting two major transformations. The first transformation refines the component's infinite behaviour to a finite behaviour by imposing a fixed input/output ratio. The second transformation implements the component's finite behaviour by a state transition machine. Here we extract the component's control state and data state from the input history by a history abstraction function. Throughout the paper, we explicate formal methods for the spefication and refinement of interactive components in the setting of stream functions. Altogether, we present a general methodology how to implement a specified infinite input/output behaviour of an interactive component by a state transition machine in a correctness preserving way.
Advanced method for cryptographic protocol verification
Authors: El Kadhi Nabil , El-Gendy Hazem
Published: April 2019

Based on a previous work using abstract interpretation for secret property verification, we propose a new method for protocol verification combining abstract interpretation for Input/Output set description and finite state machine for property propagation and verification.

Generating Input/Output set for FSM is a bit difficult specially when one want to apply such technique on cryptographic protocol implementation. It is true that one can verify protocol specification, but in such case one cannot discover any significant logical follows introduced by implementation. To overcome this, we develop a particular semantic defined for cryptographic protocol verification, that facilitates verifying or detecting a large set of faults and attacks. Faults and attacks will be described as scenarios with a set of preconditions and post conditions. The FSM based method is used to discover a transition is possible from an initial set (inputs) to a final state describing a fault or a global attack state. This semantic along with the model and the verification tool SSPV allow the prove of more key security properties.
Requirements analysis: A practical object oriented approach
Authors: Salem Ahmed M. , Darter Michael Olsen
Published: April 2019

Most software projects fail due to incomplete, ambiguous and inconsistent requirements. The aim of the paper is to develop a practical approach for performing object oriented requirements analysis. The specific goal is to increase the accuracy, consistency, and completeness of software requirements by using a methodical step-by-step process that has a definite end point. Our proposed approach is followed by a case study to prove the applicability and the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
An analytical model for requirements activities and software product quality
Authors: Buragga Khalid A.
Published: April 2019

The quality of software is a real concern that can be seen in almost any organization where software results contribute to success. However, a gap is perceived in the efforts that have being carried out to improve the software quality. System requirements are recognized as a critical step in the development of quality software. Being the first step in the process of software engineering, the effort has potential to shape the direction for all subsequent software development project activities. In this paper, the researcher analyzes the effects of requirements uncertainty and task uncertainty on outcomes in software development projects, limiting the attention to quality of software product. A cross-sectional survey of one hundred and twenty-three participants in thirty-four organizations was employed to prove the research model. The findings were drawn from an examination of the research propositions. Analyzed data provided evidence of a significant negative association between requirements uncertainty and software product quality. Moreover, the data provided evidence of a negative significant association between task uncertainty and software product quality. Furthermore, requirements uncertainty and task uncertainty do not interact with one another to influence the software development outcomes. This means that requirements uncertainty and task uncertainty act independently of each other.
A coarse-grain analysis for the performance of measurement-based admission control algorithms
Authors: Abdelaal Abdelnasser M. , Ali Hesham H. , Sharif Hamid
Published: April 2019

Network load control mechanisms have become important due to merging towards IP-packet switched networks, Fixed-Mobile Convergence (FMC) and the growing diversity of Internet applications. These applications vary in terms of size, content, time duration, and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. These current advancements require new design criteria for traffic control mechanisms to cope with the growing complexity of future networks and the increasing diversity of network applications. Previous work on the design and performance evaluation criteria of Call Admission Control (CAC) algorithms has taken link utilization as a measure of efficient allocation of available network resources while enhancing QoS. We believe that considering only link utilization to evaluate the performance of CAC algorithms is not an accurate criterion. In this paper, we propose a simple and robust method for evaluating the performance and design considerations of CAC algorithms. The proposed approach is based on flow parameters such as call admission rate, call rejection rate, average call duration and provided QoS parameters with respect to link utilization level. This flow-based evaluation method is particularly important for optimal resource allocation, efficient service management and content-based pricing.
An empirical study of hierarchical division for mesh-structured networks
Authors: Wang Dajin
Published: April 2019

A parallel/distributed system consists of a collection of processes, which are distributed over a network of processors, and work in a cooperative manner to fulfill various tasks. A hierarchical approach is to group and organize the distributed processes into a logical hierarchy of multiple levels to achieve better system performance. It has been proposed as an effective way to solve various problems in distributed computing, such as distributed monitoring, resource scheduling, and network routing. In [21], we studied hierarchical configuration for mesh and hypercube networks to the end of achieving better system performance. In particular, we proposed theoretically optimal hierarchy for mesh and hypercube, so that the total traffic flow over the network is minimized. In this paper, we present the experimental results to establish the practical relevance of mesh hierarchy proposed in [21]. We simulated situations for multi-level division, real network loading scenarios, random data aggregation rates, and different division sizes other than derived in [21]. The simulation results not only show that the analytically obtained hierarchy works well for many realistic settings, but also offer some useful insights into the proposed hierarchy scheme.
Software tool for naval surface warfare simulation and training
Authors: Dascalu Sergiu , Buntha Sermsak , Saru Daniela , Debnath Narayan
Published: April 2019

Determining optimal operations involves performing complex tasks by navy commanders. In this paper we present a software tool with four main functions that facilitate commanders' tasks in naval surface warfare. First, a human-computer interaction function presents battlefield information using information-rich graphical symbols. Second, a command and control function allows commanders to achieve centralized control of naval warfare operation in battlefield situations. Third, an interception function is available to determine the optimum course for intercepting a particular enemy target ship. Fourth, an escape route planner can be invoked to automatically calculate routes that minimize detection by enemy platforms. The paper presents background information on naval surface warfare, excerpts of the proposed software tool's model, and details of the tool's user interface. A brief survey of related projects as well as several pointers to future work are also included.
Análisis del nivel de profesionalización y su influencia en la cultura organizacional de las microempresas del cantón Tulcán
Authors: Rodríguez Gerardo Mera , Almeida Burbano Diego Gillermo , Pérez Roberth Patricio
Published: April 2019

El clima organizacional ha sido uno de los factores más importantes para el desarrollo de una empresa o una institución en todos sus ámbitos: productivo, administrativo, estructural y evolutivo. Las organizaciones con un clima organizacional deficiente pueden con mucha dificultad aspirar a ser mejores, puesto que su recurso más valioso se encuentra desintegrado, incomunicado, insatisfecho, preocupado y desmotivado. En Ecuador las microempresas son una alternativa para la creación y mantenimiento del empleo; su sostenibilidad está sujeta a la situación familia – empresa. La presente investigación estuvo enfocada en determinar la incidencia de la profesionalización en la cultura organizativa del sector micro empresarial del Cantón Tulcán, especialmente en realizar una aportación de carácter teórico, que implica evidencia empírica: ayudar al esclarecimiento de un constructo complejo y dinámico como lo es  el clima y desarrollo organizacional. Las personas objeto de la investigación indican que la mayoría de las organizaciones en nuestro país, por no decir todas, son tradicionales sustentadas en la división horizontal del trabajo y vertical en la toma de decisiones, con estilos de liderazgo autocráticos en donde los subordinados están condenados solo a cumplir órdenes, incapacitados de pensar por sí mismos; esto hace que los miembros de la organización se dediquen exclusivamente a sus labores asignadas sin importarles lo que hagan los demás y escasamente comprometidos con la visión, misión, objetivos y metas. Así mismo, las organizaciones objeto de estudio presentan falencias en lo referente a la profesionalización del talento humano, lo que impide desarrollar una cultura organizacional con enfoque a una filosofía propia orientada a generar estrategias técnicas. que deben ser tomadas en cuenta con el propósito de evaluar y reconocer valores que son necesarios dentro de la organización y por lo tanto no pierda viabilidad ni vigencia en sus procesos de comunicación, factor que es elemento clave para el cambio de cultura, capaz de  enfrentar un proceso de globalización y competitividad.
Mejoramiento de la textura del brócoli (brassuca olerácea)a través de la manipulación de los tiempos de blanqueo
Authors: Alvarez Fernando , Santamaría Freire Edwin , Santamaría Díaz Edwin , Amores José Luis
Published: April 2019

El proceso de blanqueo actúa directamente en la textura del brócoli, haciendo de esta actividad crítica para la calidad y costos del producto en el mercado internacional, por ello  se busca identificar el tratamiento óptimo de blanqueo para obtener una adecuada textura en el brócoli. Se estudió el brócoli mediante diseño experimental de bloques aleatorios, donde se ensayan con tiempos de blanqueo y las texturas conseguidas, para elegir el mejor tratamiento comparado con el brócoli blanqueado en tiempos habituales, la recolección de datos se realiza con Tenderometro TM-2 para el análisis sensorial y microbiológico, utilizando tres tamaños de florete (20-40, 30-50, 40-60 mm) que son los utilizados en el país para el mercado internacional.  Los resultados fueron evaluados mediante diseño de un solo factor para el análisis sensorial, lo que permitió aplicar test ANOVA, encontrando evidencia estadísticamente significativa que el tiempo de blanqueo está relacionado con la textura del brócoli. Posteriormente, se evaluó con catadores dos muestras por cada tamaño de florete y valorado por test de Wilcoxon donde se demostró que la reducción del tiempo de blanqueo no afecta a la percepción de calidad (color, sabor, olor), pero si incide en la textura del producto blanqueado. El estudio concluye determinando que el tiempo óptimo de blanqueo es de 70 segundos para el tamaño de florete 20-40 mm, 105 segundos para el tamaño de florete 30-50 mm y 40-60 mm.
Subvaloración de los votos entre listas en las elecciones pluripersonales en el Ecuador
Authors: Rojas Idrovo Germán Patricio
Published: April 2019

Se muestra cómo en las elecciones pluripersonales en el Ecuador, la forma de votación mixta, esto es “por lista o entre lista”, produce, en el caso de la votación entre listas, el fraccionamiento del voto, el que, a su vez, conduce a la subvaloración de los votos entre listas respecto a los votos en plancha. Se concluye que esto da lugar a la violación de los principios constitucionales de igualdad del voto y de equidad, que constan en el Art. 116 de la Constitución. Se propone una solución que consiste en que a los electores que voten entre listas se les permita votar por un solo candidato.
Muharebeden Diplomasiye: Lozan Konferansı’nda Türk Delegasyon Heyetinin Karşılaştığı Zorluklar
Authors: Babaoğlu Resul
Published: April 2019

Kurtuluş Savaşı’nın başarıyla sonlanmasının ardından, dönemin siyasi aktörleri, bir an önce, yeni bir devletin temellerini atmak istemişlerdir. Savaş haline son vermek için toplanan Lozan Konferansı, var olan sorunların çözülmesi için bir fırsat olarak görülmüştür. Zira İstanbul’un tahliye edilmesi ve savaş sonrası duruma geçilip devletler arasındaki sorunların kalıcı bir şekilde çözülebilmesi için Lozan Konferansı büyük önem taşımaktaydı. Lozan Konferansı’nda yürütülen müzakerelerin bir boyutu da son yüzyılda Avrupalı devletler karşısında bir varlık gösteremeyen Osmanlı diplomasisinden farklılaşmak isteyen Anadolu Hareketinin Lozan müzakerelerinde karşılaştığı içinden çıkılmaz güçlüklerdi. Bu çalışma kapsamında Türk delegasyon heyetinin Lozan Konferansı’nda içine girdiği diplomasi mücadelesinde yaşadığı çıkmazlar ve geliştirdiği çözüm yöntemleri üzerinde durularak birincil kaynaklar ışığında Yeni Türkiye Devleti’nin diplomatik temellerinin aydınlatılmasına katkı sunulmaya çalışılacaktır.
Comparative Antiseptic Effects of Some Locally Used Plant Products on Isolated Skin Microorganisms
Authors: Olasan JO , Yandev D , Aguoru CU , Ukaonu C , Obaje C
Published: April 2019

This research was undertaken to test the efficacy of three locally used plant products (shear butter, palm kernel oil and black soap) and their synergistic combinations against selected skin microbes. One hundred and twenty (120) swab sticks were used to collect skin associated organisms from body parts (leg, knee, head, chest, face, back, armpit and areas affected by heat rashes) among volunteers with Makurdi metropolis, Nigeria. Microbial culture, identification and sensitivity tests followed standard microbiological practices. Identified genera were:
Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Escherichia, Mucor, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Saccharomyces, Candida and Epidermophyton conidia. Inhibitory effect of the locally used products was compared with known orthodox medicated soaps (OMS) as control. As a result, most of the microbes resisted shear butter (SB only) except Candida and Saccharomyces. Palm kernel oil (PKO only) was effective against all microbes except Bacillus. All isolates were sensitive to Black soap (BS only). SB+PKO were 80% effective whereas SB+BS were 90% effective while BS+PKO were 100% effective against all microbes. Only one of the three OMS was 100% effective on skin isolates. Black soap has proven more effective than the two popularly used medicated soaps against skin microflora. Palm kernel oil was also highly effective but 100% efficacy was observed when it mixed with black soap. It was due to their synergistic effect. Shear butter was the least effective but its antiseptic action may be enhanced when mixed with black soap. The information provided is useful in the discovery of cheap and effective natural products in the prevention and treatment of dermatophytic infections in Nigeria.
The Ronnie Gardiner Method: An Innovative Music-Based Intervention for Neurological Rehabilitation - Theoretical Background and Contemporary Research with Focus on Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Pohl Petra
Published: April 2019

The Ronnie Gardiner Method (RGM) is an innovative, practitioner-led, music-based intervention using sensorimotor and cognitive integration. RGM was originally developed by the Swedish musician Ronnie Gardiner. Since 2010, RGM has been successfully implemented within neurorehabilitation in many countries. The purpose of this article is to outline some of the theoretical assumptions underpinning the potential benefits from this intervention, using Parkinson’s disease as an example.
RGM is based on principles of neuroplasticity, motor learning, and postural control, and uses energizing, beat-based music to provide multisensory input (visual, audio, kinetic, and tactile) in order to stimulate experience-dependent neuroplastic processes. It aims at stimulating cognitive and motor function (e.g., memory, concentration, executive function, multitasking, coordination, mobility, balance, and motor skills). In addition, it may aid body awareness, self-esteem, and social skills. RGM has been scientifically evaluated as a means of multimodal sensory stimulation after stroke and as a means of improving mobility and cognitive function in Parkinson’s disease.
RGM is a complex multi-task intervention with the potential to be beneficial in different settings and in different neurological conditions. It can be performed either while standing up or sitting down and can be practiced with the advantages gained as a group activity or individually, which makes it very flexible. It is currently being used as rehabilitation activity for people with stroke, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, dementia, and depression. Furthermore, RGM is used in programs targeting healthy aging, ADHD, autism, and dyslexia, and in ordinary school environments.
Risk Factors for Dystocia and Perinatal Mortality in Extensively Kept Angus Suckler Cows in Germany
Authors: Hohnholz Tatiana , Volkmann Nina , Gillandt Kathia , Waßmuth Ralf , Kemper Nicole
Published: April 2019

Dystocia and perinatal mortality are major animal health, welfare and economic issues in beef suckler cow production. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for dystocia and perinatal mortality and to analyze the relationships of both traits to external pelvic parameters in extensively kept beef suckler cows. Calving ease and calf survival were recorded for 785 births on five Angus cattle farms in Germany. The prevalence of dystocia and perinatal mortality was 3.4% and 4.3%, respectively. A hierarchical model was used to predict dystocia and perinatal mortality. First-parity dams had a higher probability of dystocia (p < 0.0001) than later-parity ones. Increasing birth weight was associated with an increasing risk for dystocia (p < 0.05). The probability of perinatal mortality (p < 0.0001) was higher in assisted births than in unassisted births. Calves from first-parity dams had a higher risk (p < 0.01) of being stillborn than calves from dams in later parities. An increase in the length of the pelvis was associated with an increase in odds for perinatal mortality (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the study indicates that dystocia and perinatal mortality are mainly problems in first-parity suckler cows. Concerning the predictive value of external pelvic parameters, further research is necessary.
Evaluating the Effects of In Utero Heat Stress on Piglet Physiology and Behavior Following Weaning and Transport
Authors: Byrd Christopher , Anderson Nichole , Lugar Drew , Safranski Timothy , Lucy Matthew , Johnson Jay
Published: April 2019

The study objective was to determine whether in utero heat stress (IUHS) affects piglet physiology and behavior following common production practices. A total of 12 gilts were confirmed pregnant and allocated to either heat stress (HS; n = 6) or thermoneutral (TN; n = 6) conditions on day 30–60 of gestation. At weaning (22.5 ± 2.3 days of age), 1 boar and 1 barrow of median weight were selected from each litter and transported for approximately 7 h. Piglets were then blocked into pens (n = 2/pen) by in utero treatment (IUHS (n = 12) or in utero thermoneutral (IUTN, n = 12)) and sexual status (boar (n = 6/in utero treatment) or barrow (n = 6/in utero treatment)). Plasma cortisol, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), insulin and glucose were evaluated 1 day prior to transport (pre-transport) and immediately after transport (post-transport). Behavioral data were collected on day 1–7 for 60 min at four different time points each day. In utero heat stressed piglets exhibited reduced cortisol concentrations compared to IUTN piglets immediately post-transport (p = 0.04). Glucose concentrations were not affected by in utero treatment. Insulin concentrations were reduced in IUTN piglets post-transport compared to pre-transport (p = 0.002), but no differences were detected for IUHS pigs. Non-esterified fatty acids tended to be reduced overall for IUHS vs. IUTN pigs (p = 0.08). Overall, IUHS piglets performed more drinking behaviors (p = 0.02) and tended to perform more aggressive behaviors (p = 0.07) than IUTN piglets in the 7 days post-transport. In summary, there was some evidence for altered physiological and behavioral responses among IUHS piglets compared to IUTN piglets following weaning and transport.
Antibiotic Discovery: Where Have We Come from, Where Do We Go?
Authors: Ribeiro da Cunha Bernardo , Fonseca Luís P. , Calado Cecília R. C.
Published: April 2019

Given the increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria, alongside the alarmingly low rate of newly approved antibiotics for clinical usage, we are on the verge of not having effective treatments for many common infectious diseases. Historically, antibiotic discovery has been crucial in outpacing resistance and success is closely related to systematic procedures—platforms—that have catalyzed the antibiotic golden age, namely the Waksman platform, followed by the platforms of semi-synthesis and fully synthetic antibiotics. Said platforms resulted in the major antibiotic classes: aminoglycosides, amphenicols, ansamycins, beta-lactams, lipopeptides, diaminopyrimidines, fosfomycins, imidazoles, macrolides, oxazolidinones, streptogramins, polymyxins, sulphonamides, glycopeptides, quinolones and tetracyclines. During the genomics era came the target-based platform, mostly considered a failure due to limitations in translating drugs to the clinic. Therefore, cell-based platforms were re-instituted, and are still of the utmost importance in the fight against infectious diseases. Although the antibiotic pipeline is still lackluster, especially of new classes and novel mechanisms of action, in the post-genomic era, there is an increasingly large set of information available on microbial metabolism. The translation of such knowledge into novel platforms will hopefully result in the discovery of new and better therapeutics, which can sway the war on infectious diseases back in our favor.