bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustaining Compliance with Fiscal Rules: A Future at Risk?
Authors: Ulloa-Suarez Carolina , Valencia Oscar
Published: January 2025

Fiscal rules in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries rarely have fixed objectives, exhibiting significant heterogeneity in design and implementation. This document analyzes how different factors influence the ease or difficulty of compliance with these rules and introduces an update of the Compliance dataset, highlighting new trends. The updated dataset shows that fiscal rule compliance in the region is sensitive to economic conditions, with a notable peak in 2022 due to favorable circumstances. However, the seemingly high compliance in 2022 was largely driven by favorable conditions, masking underlying vulnerabilities, as evidenced by the decline in 2023 and the emerging risks of non-compliance in 2024. This pattern suggests that compliance can sometimes misrepresent both short-term and long-term fiscal health. The analysis underscores the need to rethink fiscal rule frameworks to ensure long-term discipline and coherence with fiscal commitments. A new classification of rules in LAC can help understand compliance dynamics, close the gap between short- and long-term fiscal objectives, and identify specific characteristics to improve. This document emphasizes the necessity for targeted reforms to enhance the resilience and effectiveness of fiscal frameworks in the LAC region.
Tribological Analysis of Nanocellulose-Epoxy Composites: Impact of Nanocellulose Concentration on Friction and Wear Characteristics
Authors: Sonawane Pavankumar , Panchal Raju , Deshmukh Deepak , Patil Pritam , Deshpande Girija , Campli Srinidhi
Published: January 2025

The paper deals with tribological behaviours of nanocellulose-epoxy composites having different concentrations of nanocellulose with respect to friction and wear during testing. Experiments were conducted under different conditions using a pin-on-disk apparatus, with loads of 5, 10 and 15kg, speeds of 200, 300 and 400rpm and durations of 8, 10.6 and 16 minutes. The tested composites contained nanocellulose concentrations of 3, 6, 9, 15 and 21 % by weight. It was seen that the value of the coefficient of friction and the wear rate were a function of the applied load and the concentration of nanocellulose; the rise in the concentration, for the most part, improved the wear resistance and stabilised the frictional behaviour. The present work points to the potential of these composites in applications where materials with high wear resistance and low friction are essential such as brake pads, clutch plates and bearings. However, care needs to be exercised in choosing the concentration of nanocellulose for effective application.
Major Findings: The study found that increasing nanocellulose concentration in epoxy composites improves wear resistance and stabilises frictional behaviour. Concentrations between 9% and 15% were most effective in reducing wear and maintaining consistent friction under varying conditions. The highest wear resistance was observed at 21% nanocellulose content.
Construction Materials for Sustainable Environment in Residential Buildings
Authors: Chipade Amar M. , Vispute Pavan P. , Sonawane Sagar K. , Sasane Neha B. , Jadhav Mohit , Nerlekar Tanaya
Published: January 2025

This paper delves into the concept of eco-structure construction, particularly in India's rapidly growing population and urbanisation. It addresses the substantial energy consumption of buildings, which accounts for up to forty per cent of total energy usage, emphasizing the urgency to create sustainable environments. The study explores sustainable building practices, focusing on resource efficiency, waste reduction, and improved living conditions. It discusses the benefits of sustainable architecture, including improved indoor environment quality, water conservation, enhanced health outcomes, and reduced strain on shared resources. Additionally, the paper outlines the scope of environmental sustainability and the components of sustainable and green building design, highlighting the holistic approach required for effective environmental conservation and human well-being. Also, this research advocates for a paradigm shift towards eco-friendly building materials and methods to create a healthier and more sustainable future. Low-carbon and recycled materials: Using recycled aggregates, fly ash, and low-carbon concrete reduces greenhouse emissions and enhances durability in residential buildings. Biodegradable and bio-based materials: Materials like bamboo, hemp Crete, and mycelium offer renewable, biodegradable options with strong insulation properties, suitable for non-load-bearing applications. Energy-efficient insulation: Phase Change Materials (PCMs) and Insulating Concrete Forms (ICFs) provide superior thermal comfort, reducing energy needs for heating and cooling. Locally sourced and earth-based materials: Region-specific materials, like rammed earth and adobe, minimize transport emissions and naturally regulate indoor temperatures. Green roofing and vegetation integration: Green roofs and walls enhance insulation, support biodiversity, and manage stormwater, creating a sustainable urban ecosystem. Lifecycle Assessment (LCA): Lifecycle analysis tools identify low-impact materials, guiding sustainable choices based on overall environmental cost and durability. Innovative materials: Grapheme-enhanced concrete and 3D-printed materials reduce resource use while improving strength, insulation, and waste minimization in residential structures.
Major Findings: These findings emphasize a shift toward materials that balance environmental impact with performance in residential construction. Sustainable construction materials focus on reducing carbon emissions, increasing energy efficiency, and ensuring longevity.
Green Adsorbents for Heavy Metal Removal: A Study on Zinc Ion Uptake by Tinospora cordifolia Biocarbon
Authors: Raut Prachi Narendra , Dolas Ashadevi Sopan , Chougule Sukhadip Mhankali , Darade Milind Manikrao , Murali Govindarajan , Waware Shital Yashwant , Kurhade Anant Sidhappa
Published: January 2025

Heavy metal pollution in water bodies poses a significant threat to human health. Exposure to heavy metals like lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic can lead to severe health issues. To address this pressing environmental concern, this study investigates the potential of Tinospora cordifolia as a low-cost biosorbent for heavy metal removal. By examining the influence of factors like pH (5.0), adsorbent dose (3.0 g), and contact time (150 minutes), the study aims to optimize the biosorption process. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of Tinospora cordifolia in removing heavy metals from wastewater, highlighting its potential as a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for water purification. Furthermore, activated carbon derived from Tinospora cordifolia was found to be highly efficient in removing Zn(II) ions from synthetic wastewater. This biosorption technique is not only effective but also straightforward and rapid, offering a powerful approach to mitigate heavy metal contamination. The promising results of this study support the potential for further application of Tinospora cordifolia-based activated carbon in water purification efforts, especially in the treatment of zinc and potentially other heavy metals. The study targeted zinc (Zn II) ions in synthetic wastewater. The results showed that activated carbon derived from Tinospora cordifolia was highly effective in removing zinc, especially under optimal conditions.
Major Findings: Tinospora cordifolia proved to be an effective and low-cost biosorbent for removing heavy metals from wastewater. Optimal conditions for maximum metal removal were identified, including a pH of 5.0, an adsorbent dose of 3.0 g, and a contact time of 150 minutes. Activated carbon derived from Tinospora cordifolia exhibited high efficiency in removing Zn(II) ions from synthetic wastewater.
Integrated Approach to Enhance Vehicle Safety: A Novel Bumper Design with Energy-Absorbing Mechanisms
Authors: Kurhade Anant Sidhappa , Chougule Sukhadip Mhankali , Kharat Pallavi Vishnu , Kondhalkar Ganesh E. , Murali Govindarajan , Raut Prachi Narendra , Charwad Girish Anant , Waware Shital Yashwant , Yadav Rahul Shivaji
Published: January 2025

This research focuses on improving vehicle safety by developing a new spring-based energy absorption system for the front bumper of a Bolero vehicle. The goal is to reduce the severity of frontal collisions by absorbing a significant portion of the impact energy. The proposed system comprises a helical compression spring, a mounting bracket, and a chassis member. This design aims to absorb 30-35% of the energy impact, reducing the deceleration rate and minimizing the shock transmitted to the passenger cabin. To visualize the system and estimate its energy absorption capabilities, a 3D CAD model and analytical calculations have been performed. Further analysis using finite element methods will provide a more detailed understanding of the deformation behaviour of the bumper and spring, as well as the energy absorption capacity of the shock absorbing. Future work will involve refining the design, conducting detailed analysis, and evaluating the performance of the system through rigorous testing. This research has the potential to significantly enhance vehicle safety and mitigate the risks associated with frontal collisions.
Major Findings: A novel spring-based impact energy absorption system was proposed to reduce the severity of frontal collisions by 30-35 %. Finite element analysis was conducted to assess the system's deformation behaviour and energy absorption capacity. The four-damper system demonstrated a 42.44% reduction in maximum deformation compared to a plain bumper. The proposed system has the potential to significantly enhance vehicle safety.
Pericarditis constrictiva: una patología poco frecuente
Authors: López Morales Lina Estefany , Conta López John Alexander , Vargas Rodríguez Ledmar Jovanny
Published: January 2025

Introducción: la pericarditis constrictiva es una alteración grave y progresiva del llenado ventricular por un pericardio poco distensible, secundario a un proceso de inflamación, fibrosis y en algunos casos calcificación. Es una enfermedad poco frecuente, que se ha relacionado con factores de riesgo como la infección por Mycobacterium tuberculosis, cirugía cardiaca, radioterapia, traumatismo torácico, enfermedad renal crónica, procesos infecciosos bacterianos, parasitarios y fúngicos, entre otras. Su causa es una falla cardiaca derecha, potencialmente reversible; sin embargo, su diagnóstico sigue siendo tardío debido a la dificultad para establecerlo; los métodos de imagen multimodales son herramientas esenciales para orientar el dictamen. Su corrección quirúrgica es posible con la pericardiectomía. Caso clínico: varón de 61 años con cuadro de falla cardiaca congestiva. La ecocardiografía transtorácica evidencia rebote septal y signos de congestión venosa pasiva; la tomografía computarizada de tórax muestra una calcificación extensa del pericardio; la resonancia magnética cardiaca, contrastada con gadolinio, confirma constricción, razón por la cual, el paciente es llevado a pericardiectomía, con evolución clínica favorable. Conclusiones: la pericarditis constrictiva es una enfermedad poco frecuente, grave. Su diagnóstico es complejo, por lo cual se logra tardíamente; requiere de una alta sospecha diagnóstica del médico, así como entrenamiento en los diferentes métodos invasivos y no invasivos, con el fin de realizar un pronóstico oportuno, pues es una causa de disfunción diastólica progresiva, potencialmente tratable.
Factores relacionados con la prevalencia de retinopatía diabética
Authors: Bravo González Ricardo , Cuartas Mesa Juan José , Garzón Duque María Osley , Bravo Acosta Juan David , Fernández  Vásquez María Camila , Escobar Howard Mariana , Zuluaga Garcia Juan Pablo
Published: January 2025

La diabetes es una enfermedad de alto costo en salud, que disminuye la calidad de vida de quien la padece, y cuyas complicaciones, como la retinopatía diabética proliferativa, se convierten en una de las principales causas de pérdida de visión en el mundo (1). Objetivo: explorar las características sociodemográficas, epidemiológicas y clínicas de la población con diabetes, y la prevalencia de retinopatía diabética. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal analítico, y consulta de fuentes secundarias de información. La población de referencia fue de pacientes del Valle de Aburrá y del suroeste antioqueño diagnosticados con diabetes, vinculados al programa “No más ciegos por diabetes”, 2018. La retinopatía diabética fue la variable dependiente. La confianza de las pruebas estadísticas fue del 95 %. Además, se calculó la tasa de incidencia para medir asociación, con un intervalo de confianza del 95 %, y mediante regresión logística múltiple se exploraron las variables que aportaron a la explicación de la retinopatía diabética. Resultados: participaron 564 pacientes, se observaron mayores incidencias en personas entre 60 y 79 años (61,1 %). La retinopatía diabética proliferativa se presentó en el 2,3 % (13) de ellos. Los hombres registraron 1,14 veces mayor prevalencia de la enfermedad (RPA = 2,41. ic: 1,30; 4,47), que las mujeres. La retinopatía fue 53,16 veces mayor en quienes tenían edema macular (RPA = 54,16. ic: 18,85; 174,07), y 6,0 veces mayor para aquellos con glaucoma (RPA = 7,00. ic: 1,29;37,97). El uso de hipoglicemiantes explicó un 68 % menos de prevalencia de retinopatía diabética (RPA = 0,32. IC: 0,12;0,82). Conclusiones: la identificación temprana y el manejo de hipoglucemiante podría disminuir la incidencia de la retinopatía proliferativa y, por tanto, reducir su evolución a ceguera.
A ideologia da felicidade
Authors: Luiz Lindomar Teixeira
Published: January 2025

O presente ensaio aborda a questão da felicidade com enfoque crítico, a saber, analisa alguns aspectos sociais (aspectos transindividuais da felicidade) frequentemente preteridos ao se estudar a temática do contentamento. Neste sentido, o conceito ideologia da felicidade é o lado invisível da “felicidade”, aquilo que quase sempre fica obscuro ao se refletir sobre o supracitado assunto, contribuindo para a falsificação e distorção de muitos aspectos da realidade social.
Sedanter ve Antrene Bireylerde Hedonik Açlığın Dispne, Yaşam Kalitesi ve Uyku Kalitesine Etkisi
Authors: Hepsert Sezgin , Sezer Burcu Sıla , Gökçen Muhammed Gökhan , Kılıç Yakup
Published: January 2025

Amaç: Bu araştırmada sedanter ve antrene hedonik açlığın dispne, yaşam kalitesi ve uyku kalitesi üzerindeki olası etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırmaya Fırat Üniversitesinde 2023-2024 eğitim-öğretim yılında öğrenim gören ve kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen 59’u (%30,7) kadın, 133 (%69,3) erkek toplamda 192 gönüllü katılımcı dahil edilmiştir. Örnekleme dahil edilen katılımcıların spor yapma durumuna göre dağılımı 104’ü (%54,2) spor yapan, 88’i (%45,8) ise spor yapmayan şeklindedir. Yapılan çalışmada Katılımcı Bilgi Formu, Besin Gücü Ölçeği (BGÖ), Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği, Vizüel Analog Skala (VAS) ve Uyku Kalitesi Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi tanımlayıcı istatistikler, bağımsız örneklem t testi ve basit doğrusal regresyon test ile değerlendirilmiştir. Anlamlılık düzeyi olarak ise p
Cinética de liberación controlada del acetaminofén a partir del gel de carboximetilcelulosa
Authors: GARCIA CHIÑAS YATZIL , Antonio Cruz Rocio , Purata Pérez Nora Alicia , Sosa Medina Alicia
Published: January 2025

Se llevo a cabo la síntesis de geles de carboximetilcelulosa (CMC). Los geles obtenidos fueron caracterizados por Espectroscopia de Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier (FTIR), Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido (SEM) y pruebas de hinchamiento. Una vez caracterizados los hidrogeles se realizó la incorporación del fármaco de acetaminofén y se determinó la cantidad del principio activo cedido por el hidrogel en función del tiempo mediante Espectroscopia Ultravioleta visible (UV-vis). Posteriormente se realizó la liberación del acetaminofén con pH 7 y temperatura de 37°C, las pruebas de hinchamiento presentaron un máximo porcentaje de hinchamiento de 1230 % en un tiempo de 4 h. Los resultados de liberación fueron de 0.00362 mg/ml en un tiempo de 4 h, llegando a liberar 51 mg de acetaminofén/ g de hidrogel de CMC. Además, este presentó una cinética de tipo Fickiano, ya que el valor se encuentra cercano a 0.5.
Análisis químico de la degradación del naranja ácido 52 aplicando Tecnologías Avanzadas de Oxidación
Authors: Jaramillo Sierra Bethsabet , Díaz Martínez Alexander , Mercado Cabrera Antonio , Ibañez Olvera Mario
Published: January 2025

Se realizó la degradación del colorante naranja ácido 52 (NA) aplicando diversas Tecnologías Avanzadas de Oxidación, se utilizó un reactor de recirculación de configuración cilíndrica, la concentración inicial del NA fue de 20 mg/L en 400 mL de solución, el tiempo de tratamiento fue de 60 minutos, tomando muestras cada 10 minutos y analizándolo por espectrometría UV-vis. Se determinó el efecto de los agentes oxidantes utilizados en sistemas individuales y sinérgicos, el tiempo de tratamiento, el pH final, la generación de CO2 y el cambio de la coloración de las muestras. Se obtuvieron eficiencias de hasta 99% al utilizar el método de O3/1 mL H2O2/UV y 60 minutos, el pH final fue de 2.9 atribuido a la generación de subproductos, se obtuvieron 35 mg/L  de CO2 al finalizar el proceso lo que indica que se alcanzó un porcentaje de mineralización, finalmente se observó una disminución del 100% del color.
Determinación de ftalatos en bebidas envasadas con PET, empleando un método MSFIA acoplado a HPLC-DAD
Authors: Jiménez Morales Willmann A , Hinojosa Reyes Laura , Guzmán Mar Jorge L , Cañizares Macías María P , Aristeo Segura Salvador
Published: January 2025

En este trabajo se diseñó, optimizó y validó un método de preconcentración en línea utilizando una membrana de tipo C18 con un sistema de Análisis por Inyección en Flujo Multijerinda (MSFIA) acoplado a un equipo de HPLC-DAD para la determinación de contaminantes derivados de ésteres de ácido ftálico (DMP, DEP y DBP) en jugos almacenados en botellas de PET. Los parámetros fisicoquímicos e hidrodinámicos del método se optimizaron mediante un diseño de experimento compuesto central. El método mostró una buena precisión (˂ 3%), un LD menor a 0.5 μg kg–1, y un factor de preconcentrado de 33 veces. Tras aplicar el método a 4 muestras de jugos de manzana y uva, se identificaron y se cuantificaron concentraciones de 172.89 y 100.43 μg kg–1 de DMP y DBP, respectivamente. Finalmente, se obtuvieron valores de recuperación que oscilaron entre el 44.12% y el 141.07 % para los tres ftalatos.
DILEMA KEAMANAN ANTARA TIONGKOK DAN AMERIKA SERIKAT DI KAWASAN INDO-PACIFIC
Authors: Adipratama Agung Kurnia
Published: January 2025

Pertumbuhan ekonomi Tiongkok yang luar biasa dari tahun 1978 hingga 2010-an telah memungkinkan Beijing untuk memperbesar kekuatan militernya. Hal ini telah membuat Tiongkok menjadi lebih makmur dan lebih kuat dari sebelumnya. Hal ini juga menggeser keseimbangan kekuatan di kawasan Indo-Pasifik, terutama ketika Amerika Serikat telah menjadi kekuatan dominan sejak berakhirnya Perang Dingin. Selama tahun yang berbeda Amerika Serikat memiliki persepsi yang berbeda dalam mengomentari kebangkitan Tiongkok. Sejak tahun 2020, hubungan antara kedua negara telah meruncing ketika Menteri Luar Negeri Tiongkok saat itu Wang Yi menyebutkan munculnya kembali mentalitas "Perang Dingin". Esai ini menggunakan contoh dari studi kasus dan interaksi antara pemimpin dan aktor sosial. Esai ini akan membahas secara luas tentang kebangkitan Tiongkok dan reaksi Amerika Serikat terhadapnya. Lebih jauh, akan dijelaskan bagaimana dilema keamanan  antara kedua negara terjadi yang berasal dari dua faktor yang disebutkan di atas. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa kebangkitan Tiongkok yang secara terbukti menggeser keseimbangan kekuatan adalah melalui hadirnya militer Tiongkok di Laut Tiongkok Selatan. Tiongkok telah menggunakan kekuatan militer, diplomatik, dan ekonomi untuk memengaruhi realitas di lapangan. Ini adalah realitas yang harus diterima Amerika Serikat dengan sukarela dan upaya mengubah arah keseimbangan kekuatan telah menjadi norma bagi Washington. Pada ujung tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa dilema keamanan terjadi pada kedua negara karena keduanya saling curiga.
Complex characteristics of the human potential of the regions of Russia : [monograph]
Authors:   Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population of the FCTAS RAS, Russian Federation, Arkhangelsky Vladimir V. , Dmitrieva Yulia V. ,   Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population of the FCTAS RAS, Russian Federation, Dobrohleb Valentina G. ,   Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population of the FCTAS RAS, Russian Federation, Lokosov Vyacheslav V. ,   Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population of the FCTAS RAS, Russian Federation, Ryumina Elena V. ,   Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population of the FCTAS RAS, Russian Federation
Published: January 2025

Монография посвящена раскрытию структуры человеческого потенциала и анализу каждой из рассмотренных восьми его компонент: демографический потенциал, потенциал здоровья, трудовой, образовательный, культурный потенциалы, социальное здоровье, экологическое поведение, тендерные аспекты. Из-за неоднозначности понятия человеческого потенциала и получивших широкое распространение его нескольких трактовок, представлен авторский вариант понимания человеческого потенциала как качественного потенциала населения. Обосновано отличие понятия человеческого потенциала от понятий человеческого капитала и качества жизни. Главы, посвященные компонентам человеческого потенциала, построены по единой схеме: состояние, показатели, факторы влияния, меры воздействия. Предложена типология российских регионов по показателям человеческого потенциала. Материалы монографии представляют интерес для научных работников, государственных органов власти всех уровней, преподавателей высших учебных заведений, аспирантов и студентов, изучающих экономику народонаселения и демографию. Монография посвящена раскрытию структуры человеческого потенциала и анализу каждой из рассмотренных восьми его компонент: демографический потенциал, потенциал здоровья, трудовой, образовательный, культурный потенциалы, социальное здоровье, экологическое поведение, гендерные аспекты. Из-за неоднозначности понятия человеческого потенциала и получивших широкое распространение его нескольких трактовок, представлен авторский вариант понимания человеческого потенциала как качественного потенциала населения. Обосновано отличие понятия человеческого потенциала от понятий человеческого капитала и качества жизни. Главы, посвященные компонентам человеческого потенциала, построены по единой схеме: состояние, показатели, факторы влияния, меры воздействия. Предложена типология российских регионов по показателям человеческого потенциала. Материалы монографии представляют интерес для научных работников, государственных органов власти всех уровней, преподавателей высших учебных заведений, аспирантов и студентов, изучающих экономику народонаселения и демографию.
Identifying Student Misconceptions Using Three-Tier Test with Certainty of Response Index on Temperature and Heat Topics
Authors: Oktavia Popy , Suhadi Suhadi , Widya Herma , Putri Jamiatul Khairunnisa , Mabruroh Faizatul
Published: January 2025

This research aims to identify students' misconceptions using a Three-Tier diagnostic test assisted by the Certainty of Response Index (CRI) on temperature and heat material. The data analysis method used in this research is quantitative descriptive and equipped with a three-tier Certainty of Response Index (CRI). The population in this study was class XI 1 IPA MAN 1 Musi Banyuasin with 30 students, and the sample in this study was class. Data collection techniques were used during the observation, test, and documentation stages. The research results showed that the misconceptions identified regarding the concept of temperature and heat were 40%, 36% understood the concept, 6% understood the concept but needed clarification and 18% needed to learn the concept. The misconceptions experienced by students are classified as moderate-level misconceptions with a percentage range of 31% ≥ 60%. The cause of misconceptions is the students' errors in learning context and incomplete reasoning. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide information about misconceptions that occur in the matter of temperature and heat and can serve as a guide for further research to find out the causes of misconceptions and efforts to overcome them.
Percepción de los pobladores sobre el bienestar animal en las corridas de toros realizadas en Huancavelica, Perú, 2023
Authors: Cano-López Renzo
Published: January 2025

El estudio tuvo como objetivo describir la percepción de los pobladores de Huancavelica acerca del bienestar animal en relación con las corridas de toros. Para ello, se aplicó una encuesta compuesta de 42 enunciados con respuesta en escala tipo Likert para evaluar los siguientes componentes: conocimiento sobre bienestar animal, maltrato animal por placer, maltrato animal por desconocimiento y Ley de Protección y Bienestar Animal. Se recopiló 197 encuestas correspondientes a 125 hombres y 72 mujeres. La mayoría de los encuestados tenía conocimiento sobre el bienestar animal y muestran su rechazo a la tauromaquia. El 93.4 % consideraba que los animales no deben ser maltratados. El 57.9 % se encontraba a favor de la prohibición de las corridas de toros en Huancavelica. El 28.4 % mencionó asistir con frecuencia a las corridas de toros y el 25.9 % la consideraba una actividad divertida. El 69.0 % afirmó que las corridas vulneraban los derechos de los toros de lidia y el 68.0 % señaló que el toro sufría durante la corrida. El 42.6 % de los huancavelicanos no consideró a las corridas de toros como parte de su cultura y el 40.6 % manifestó conocer la Ley n.° 30407, Ley de Protección y Bienestar Animal; además, opinó sobre la exclusión de los toros de lidia en dicha ley. La información obtenida puede servir para reabrir el debate sobre el uso de animales en espectáculos culturales y valorar su impacto en el bienestar animal.
Towards estimating the proportion of dead and missing vines at the field level
Authors: Oger Baptiste , Laurent Cécile , Vismara Philippe , Tisseyre Bruno
Published: January 2025

This work aimed to improve practices for estimating dead and missing vines, particularly when these estimations are made via sampling. Vine mortality is a well-known phenomenon that many studies have attempted to better explain, but only a few have focused on estimating the number of dead and missing vines at the field-level, which remains a challenging task for grapegrowers. The present article aimed to determine to what extend an increased an increased sampling effort improves estimation accuracy and thus help practitioners define a sample size adapted to vineyard properties and the accuracy expected by the grower. The first part of the study investigated whether vineyard properties (year of planting and variety) and available ancillary data (soil resistivity and fraction of vegetation cover [Fcover]) can provide a priori information on the proportion of dead and missing vines and guide the sampling strategy. The analysis was based on an exhaustive dataset created by individually mapping 14,199 dead and missing vines across 29 fields in a 20 ha vineyard. In this vineyard, regression models showed an increase in dead and missing vines of around 2.2 % per year from the tenth year onwards. Plantation year, variety and vigour (assessed by Fcover) were identified as providing valuable prior information on the proportion of dead and missing vines within the fields. The second part of the study focused on characterising the estimation error values that can result from these estimations. It focuses on sampling estimation, highlighting to what extent field properties (such as the number of dead and missing vines and their spatial autocorrelation) affect the accuracy of estimates. The results showed that the same sampling protocol can result in different accuracies from one field to another. Thus, they underline the importance of leveraging prior information, such as available field data, to tailor sampling efforts accordingly. Based on these results, this article introduces new guidelines to facilitate the estimation of the proportion of dead and missing vines in vineyards.
Migrações e fluxo escolar da coorte de estudantes de 2008 a 2019, em Minas Gerais
Authors: Zordan Malaguth Thiago , Irineu Rangel Rigotti José , Moreira Hadad Renato
Published: January 2025

A migração dos estudantes é um importante fenômeno que pode ter implicações para o resultado educacional. Poucos estudos avaliaram a influência da migração na escolaridade dos indivíduos, sobretudo no contexto dos países em desenvolvimento. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a relação das migrações com o fluxo escolar da coorte de estudantes de Minas Gerais que estavam matriculados no 1º ano do ensino fundamental, em 2008. Utilizaram-se dados longitudinais preparados a partir dos Censos Escolares, de 2008 a 2019, para comparar a regularidade do fluxo escolar dos estudantes migrantes, por quantidade de migrações, com a dos não migrantes. Foram encontradas baixas diferenças na regularidade de fluxo escolar entre migrantes e não migrantes antes da migração. Por outro lado, o fluxo escolar de migrantes se torna mais irregular após o movimento, exceto para migrações realizadas em transições de níveis escolares. No caso de migrações na transição para o ensino médio, foram encontradas alta seletividade positiva antes da migração e baixa variação após. Isto indica que a migração pode ter como objetivo o investimento em educação. Os resultados evidenciam a necessidade de se considerar a migração em estudos sobre resultados educacionais e os ganhos de uma análise longitudinal para os estudos demográficos.
¿Quién cuida a la niña? Provisión de cuidados y estructura de parentesco en América Latina
Authors: Robles Adriana , Martes-Camargo Paula , Rodríguez-Franco Roxana
Published: January 2025

Los niveles de fecundidad y de mortalidad pueden definir el tamaño y la estructura de las familias. Las características de la familia determinan a su vez las relaciones de cuidado entre sus integrantes, especialmente hacia las niñas y los niños. Utilizando encuestas de uso del tiempo, datos de fecundidad y mortalidad de tres países latinoamericanos con diferentes perfiles demográficos (Colombia, México y Paraguay) y modelos de parentesco de dos sexos variables en el tiempo, se estimaron los cuidados que reciben los menores considerando las estructuras de parentesco. Hacia 2020, las mujeres de los países analizados dedicaban 2,4 veces más tiempo que los hombres al cuidado de niñas y niños menores, y de esos países, las mujeres mexicanas eran quienes más tiempo le dedicaban a esta tarea. Encontramos que el número de parientes disminuirá en el tiempo y que, por lo tanto, la oferta potencial de cuidados se reducirá por la menor disponibilidad de parientes jóvenes y por el envejecimiento de los cuidadores de más edad. Ante los cambios en las estructuras familiares y por la feminización del trabajo de cuidados, se reconoce la necesidad de implementar sistemas de cuidados que presten servicios integrales y que redistribuyan estas tareas entre los miembros de la familia, la comunidad y el Estado.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SUSPESI WITH LEVEL OF BIDURI LEAF EXTRACT AT TEMPERATURE OF 75°C, TRADITIONAL CHEESE FROM NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Sulmiyati Sulmiyati , Malelak Gemini E. M.
Published: January 2025

The research aimed was to analyse the effect of a temperature of 75°C with levels of biduri leaf extract on the characteristics phsyicochemical, chemical, the color characteristics of L*, a*, b*, hardness, tannin content, microstructure, and organoleptic of suspesi. This experimental study used a Completely Randomized Mono Factor Design with three treatments and five replications. Treatment is given in making suspesi L1 = Biduri leaf extract level 2% temperature 75°C, L2= Biduri leaf extract level 2.5% temperature 75°C, L3 = Biduri leaf extract level 3% temperature 75°C, L4 = Biduri leaf extract level 3.5% temperature 75°C, L5 = Biduri leaf extract level 4% temperature 75°C. The variables measured were coagulation time, curd production, whey percentage, pH of curd, lactic acid percentage, air content, protein, fat, carbohydrates, L*, a*, b* color measurements, hardness, tannin content, microstructure, and organoleptic characteristics. The results obtained were that the effect of temperature 75°C with the level of biduri leaf extract significant effect (P<0.05) on coagulation time, curd production, whey percentage, lactic acid percentage, organoleptic characteristics, hedonic quality aspects of color, taste and texture, and hedonic aspects of color, taste, and texture and did not show a significant effect (P>0.05) on pH of curd, water content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrates content, hedonic quality aspects of smell, hedonic aspect of color, smell, the color of L*, a*, b*, Wi, Yi, hardness, tannin content. The effect of temperature 75°C with the level of biduri leaf extract has an influence on the microstructure. Conclusion: Given biduri leaf extract at different levels added at a temperature of 75°C, the characteristics of suspesi in physiochemical characteristics, organoleptic, and the microstructure of suspesi had decreased in line with the increase in the level of biduri leaf extract added. The best suspesi was at a level of giving biduri leaf extract at the level of 2% at temperature of 75°C.
Herbal Mineral Block Supplementation Containing Turmeric Flour, Black Soldier Fly, and Micro Minerals on Performance and Blood Profile of Dorper Crossbred Sheep
Authors: Daulay Kausar , Astuti Dewi Apri , Suharti Sri , Tarigan Andi
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to determine the effect of herbal mineral block (HMB) supplementation containing turmeric flour, black soldier fly (BSF), and micro minerals on the performance and blood profile of Dorper crossbred sheep. Ten growing sheep and ten lactating sheep were divided into two treatment groups (P0: complete feed without HMB supplementation and P1: complete feed with HMB supplementation). The research design used was a factorial completely randomized design (2 × 2) with 5 replications. Factor physiological status of growing and lactating sheep and factor supplementation with and without HMB. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s test. The results showed no interaction between physiological status and HMB supplementation on sheep performance (nutrient intake, initial and final body weight, daily body weight gain, and feed efficiency) and blood profile (hematology, metabolites, and minerals). The physiological status had a very significant effect (p<0.01) on nutrient intake, initial and final body weight, daily body weight gain, feed efficiency, and significantly (p<0.05) on serum phosphorus. Supplementation of HMB significantly (p<0.05) increased serum calcium which was crucial for bone an teeth development in growing sheep and milk production in lactating sheep. Serum phosphorus was higher in growing sheep, supporting their bone growth and energy metabolis compared to lactating sheep as it was diverted to the mammary gland.
Current state of mining and processing of bentonite clays of Uzbekistan and prospects for their application in the metallurgical industry of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Sabirov A. T.
Published: January 2025

The article presents data on the chemical composition of bentonite clays from various deposits in Uzbekistan. The feasibility of mixing bentonite clays from various deposits to obtain higher technological indicators is shown. It is proposed to conduct research to adapt bentonites to the conditions of their use in the foundry industry of Belarus.
Manufacture of consumable patterns using additive sheet lamination technology
Authors: Tolochko N. K. , Avramenko P. V. , Kravtsov V. B. , Khartanovich A. M. , Kopchik D. I.
Published: January 2025

A comparative analysis of investment casting processes was carried out based on two technological approaches: traditional and modified, based on the use of additive technologies. The advantages and disadvantages of different types of additive technologies used for direct and indirect manufacturing of investment patterns are considered. The features of producing wax and paraffin investment patterns using steel molds manufactured using the additive technology of sheet lamination are experimentally studied. The problems of implementing this technology related to the formation of a stepped relief of the surfaces of the mold cavity are discussed. An effective method for smoothing this relief by removing the recesses of the steps using putty is proposed.
Asociación entre la clínica al ingreso y diagnóstico por imágenes tomográficas en pacientes covid-19 en el Hospital Alberto L. Barton Thompson durante el 2020
Authors:   , Encalada Torres Estephani Joselyn , Pinedo Granados Sheyla Andrea
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Determinar si existe asociación entre clínica al ingreso hospitalario y severidad tomográfica en pacientes con COVID-19. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico, retrospectivo. Análisis secundario de una base de datos de un estudio. Se obtuvieron datos de la clínica al ingreso e imágenes tomográficas de 83 pacientes hospitalizados en el Hospital Alberto L. Barton Thompson durante el periodo de junio a diciembre del año 2020 con COVID-19. Las tomografías realizadas se categorizaron de acuerdo con la escala CO-RADS, luego se obtuvo el porcentaje de afectación pulmonar, clasificándose en menor al 25%, de 26% a 50%, de 51% a 75% y mayor al 75%, dando como resultado el porcentaje de severidad tomográfica, permitiendo así establecer una correlación con los síntomas clínicos presentados por los pacientes al momento de su ingreso. Como factores de riesgo se consideraron hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus tipo II, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, sobrepeso, obesidad, dislipidemia y asma bronquial. Resultados: Encontramos que la presencia de tos, el trastorno del sensorio y la desaturación están relacionadas con la gravedad de los hallazgos en la tomografía de pacientes ingresados en el hospital durante el año 2020 debido a COVID-19. Aquellos con niveles bajos de oxígeno experimentaron un deterioro pulmonar significativo, afectando al menos el 75% de su función pulmonar. En relación con los factores de riesgo de los participantes, se encontró que el 83.13% padecía de hipertensión, el 86.75% tenía diabetes mellitus tipo II, el 97.59% sufría de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, el 92.77% presentaba asma y, en la misma proporción, el 92.77% tenía dislipidemia. En una regresión de POISSON, el síntoma al ingreso que predominó relacionado a la severidad tomográfica fue la desaturación con una razón de prevalencia de 3.67 y un intervalo de confianza al 95 por ciento de 1.03 - 4.08. Conclusiones: Se identificó…
Síndrome de burnout y resiliencia en personal enfermero de departamentos de atención crítica de un hospital de Lima- Callao durante el 2023
Authors:   , Campos Alvites Fatima Rosmery , Ccoicca Pacheco Valeria Flor
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Determinar la relación que existe entre síndrome de burnout y la resiliencia en el profesional enfermero de departamentos de atención crítica en un Hospital de Lima- Callao durante el 2023. Material y métodos: Se realizó la investigación de tipo aplicada, alcance correlacional, diseño observacional y enfoque cuantitativo, en una población de 101 enfermeras del área de UCI y emergencia, así mismo se realizaron dos encuestas una para síndrome de burnout de Maslach-Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI- GS) y para resiliencia Wagnild y Youngen. Resultados: Se determinó que el 43.56% del personal enfermero obtuvo un síndrome de burnout medio y una resiliencia alta, indicando que no existe relación entre el síndrome de burnout y resiliencia en el personal enfermero de departamentos de atención critica. Conclusiones: Se concluye que no siempre el bajo nivel de resiliencia se relaciona con los altos niveles de síndrome de burnout.
Creación y validación de un instrumento para medir percepción de accesibilidad a los servicios de salud que brindan terapia antirretroviral durante la pandemia por covid 19
Authors:   , Solorzano Espejo Oswaldo Guillermo , Noblecilla Guillen Guillermo Renato
Published: January 2025

A partir de la pandemia de COVID-19, se produjeron alteraciones en el continuo de atención a pacientes con patologías crónicas, incluyendo a las personas que viven con VIH (PVV). En los países de América Latina, este fenómeno fue mayor debido a las medidas restrictivas a nivel de las personas, además de las políticas de priorizar la redistribución de los limitados recursos de salud para atender a los pacientes con COVID-19 sobre los servicios de salud para pacientes con patologías crónicas. Datos del Programa Conjunto de las Naciones Unidas sobre el VIH/SIDA (ONUSIDA) describen brechas cercanas al 30% en la retención y supresión viral en PVVS después de 2020; estos resultados están relacionados con la continuidad y accesibilidad a la atención del Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH). Se realizó un estudio transversal con 350 PVVS de un programa hospitalario de referencia. En primer lugar, nos centramos en el diseño y la validación de la escala en tres fases (concepción y diseño, evaluación del contenido por un panel de expertos y aplicación del análisis estadístico y factorial), y a continuación se describieron los resultados. El análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) identificó 12 ítems distribuidos en tres factores. El modelo se verificó mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) con una consistencia interna aceptable (alfa de Cronbach >0,75). De acuerdo con la distribución por cuartiles de las puntuaciones, el 21,4% considera escasa la accesibilidad al servicio de atención del VIH en este periodo. La escala final resultó fiable y estadísticamente coherente para medir la percepción de los usuarios sobre la accesibilidad a los servicios de tratamiento antirretroviral (TARV) durante la pandemia COVID-19.
A Rechtsgutstheorie Lens on the Legal Aspects of the States’ Cyber Interest Concept
Authors: Abdelkarim Y. A.
Published: January 2025

Objective: to show the evolution of the state interests concept and its application in cyberspace, where it turns out to be fundamental for the development of state military policy aimed at protecting national interests.

Methods: the research is based on the intersection of the theory of law and the concept of cyber interests of the state through the prism of the theory of legitimate interests (Rechtsgutstheorie). The latter was originally developed within the criminal law science, but with prospects for studying the concept of state interests in cyberspace. The application of the theory of legitimate interests made it possible to study the state cyber interests concept and determine its legal classification and applications. In particular, the theory of legitimate interests in this study is used to explore the legal perspectives of the concept of state interests in cyberspace as interests subject to legal protection.

Results: it is determined that in the dynamic landscape of cyberspace, there are multifaceted interests of states related to national security, economic prosperity, sovereignty and diplomacy. To ensure their protection, states initiate strategies that generate a variety of political and legal consequences in international relations. This fact determines the importance of studying the concept of state interests from a legal viewpoint, as well as their legal status and consequences. Parallels are drawn between the concept of protected legal interests within the theory of legitimate interests and cyber interests that states seek to protect. The theory requires balancing the competing interests; hence, its applicability to the actions of the state in cyberspace is considered. The obstacles are identified, that hinder applying the theory of legitimate interests to cyberspace, including difficulties of attribution, damage thresholds and the need for global consensus. The author shows the evolution of the concept of state interests, which determines the possibility of its application in cyberspace, where it serves the purposes of developing state policy aimed at protecting national interests.

Scientific novelty: it is expressed in the reflection of the theory of legitimate interests to the formation of the legal concept of cyber interests of the state, which serves as a sufficient justification for the protection of specific cyber interests.

Practical significance: the main conclusions outlined in the article can be used to identify cyberspace interests subject to legal protection (such as confidentiality, data integrity, sovereignty, and economic stability). They may also improve legal mechanisms for protecting national interests in cyberspace, ensure uniformity of relevant international judicial practice, and improve the efficiency and quality of state policy management in cyberspace in order to ensure security and peaceful coexistence.
The Evolving Role of Copyright Law in the Age of AI-Generated Works
Authors: Hutson J.
Published: January 2025

Objective: to identify the prospects and directions of copyright law development associated with the increasing use of generative artificial intelligence.

Methods: the study is based on the formal-legal, comparative, historical methods, doctrinal analysis, legal forecasting and modeling.

Results: the article states that the emergence of generative artificial intelligence makes one rethink the processes occurring in the field of creative activity and the traditional copyright system, which becomes inadequate to modern realities. The author substantiates the necessity of legal reassessment of copyright and emphasizes the urgent need for updated means of copyright protection. Unlike previous digital tools, which expanded human creativity by improving original works, generative artificial intelligence creates content through complex algorithmic processes, blurring the boundaries of authorship and originality. The research shows limitations of existing intellectual property law, as courts deny copyright in works created by artificial intelligence and insist on the need for “human authorship”. Such decisions emphasize the contradiction between existing laws and the reality of co-creation involving artificial intelligence. It is argued that taking into account the creative potential of generative artificial intelligence will facilitate the evolution of copyright law towards hybrid approaches, with artificial intelligence as an integral, albeit secondary, tool. It seems promising to create flexible intellectual property standards that give artists the opportunity to restrict or authorize the use of their works as training data for artificial intelligence, as well as ensure that authors retain control over their works included in datasets for training artificial intelligence, in case copyright metadata is integrated into digital works, etc.

Scientific novelty: based on the analysis of the latest judicial precedents, modern international regulations and evolving institutional practices, the author proposes a balanced adaptive approach to copyright reform to ensure the ethical integration of generative artificial intelligence into the creative ecosystem and to develop flexible copyright protection measures that correspond to the rapid technological progress.

Practical significance: the proposed combined approach will allow generative AI tools to become part of the human creative process in the same way that previous generations used digital tools. At the same time, it will contribute to the creation of an environment where the autonomy of authors is respected. This will not only protect the creators of creative content, but also broaden the understanding of creativity as a collaboration with generative artificial intelligence, where artificial intelligence is positioned as a force that complements but not replaces humans in creativity.