bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PENGELUARAN PANGAN, KETAHANAN PANGAN DAN ASUPAN ZAT GIZI ANAK BAWAH DUA TAHUN (BADUTA) SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO STUNTING
Authors: Aritonang Eta Aprita , Margawati Ani , Dieny Fillah Fithra
Published: April 2020

Latar Belakang : Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya stunting anak usia 6-24 bulan antara lain kurangnya asupan zat gizi, penyakit infeksi, lingkungan, sosial ekonomi keluarga dan riwayat kehamilan ibu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis proporsi pengeluaran pangan rumah tangga, ketahanan pangan, dan asupan zat gizi sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya stunting usia 6-24 bulan.Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case-control dengan masing-masing kelompok kasus (stunting) dan kontrol (tidak stunting) berjumlah 24 sampel yang diambil menggunakan purposive sampling pada anak usia 6-24 bulan yang berada di Semarang Utara. Stunting diukur berdasarkan z-score tinggi badan menurut umur (TB/U) dianalisis dengan software World Health Organization (WHO) Anthro. Data yang diambil yaitu berat badan lahir, panjang badan lahir, tingkat pendidikan ibu, pendapatan keluarga dan pengeluaran rumah tangga. Data riwayat asupan energi, protein, vitamin A dan seng selama 1 tahun diperoleh dengan menggunakan Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Data ketahanan pangan diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuisioner Household Food Security Scale Module (HFSSM). Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Chi Square dan analisis regresi logistik.Hasil : Baduta stunting lebih banyak mengalami kerawanan pangan rumah tangga (79,2%), riwayat kekurangan asupan protein (70,8%), vitamin A (75%) dan seng (66,7%) dibandingkan dengan anak yang tidak stunting. Ketahanan pangan rumah tangga (OR=6,9), riwayat asupan protein (OR=8,6), vitamin A (OR=20,6) dan seng (OR=8,7) merupakan faktor yang paling berisiko terhadap kejadian stunting pada baduta usia 6-24 bulan (p<0,05).Simpulan: Kerawanan pangan rumah tangga, kurangnya asupan protein, vitamin A dan seng merupakan faktor yang berisiko meningkatkan kejadian stunting pada baduta usia 6-24 bulan.
KEWENANGAN DISKRESI MENGENAI PELUANG SIKAP TINDAK ADMINISTRASI NEGARA DALAM PERBERDAYAAN HUKUM PROGRESIF
Authors: Wijaya Wijaya
Published: April 2020

Beban tugas administrasi negara dalam menjalankan “public service” dari masa ke masa menunjukkan perkembangan yang semakin luas, sesuai dengan tuntutan pembangunan. Sementara itu peraturan perundangan yang ada tidak cukup akomodatif, dengan demikian akan menjadi sulit bagi administrasi negara dan terbatas ruang geraknya dalam menjalankan tugasnya, jika hanya menggantungkan pada hukum positif saja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, dengan maksud untuk memperoleh gambaran hubungan fungsional antara peraturan kebijakan dengan kekosongan hukum, yang memberikan peluang bagi pemberdayaan hukum progresif. Hasilnya ternyata administrasi negara dalam penggunaan kewenangan diskresi, memberikan peluang untuk pemberdayaan hukum progresif.
KETENTUAN DAN PELAKSANAAN BUSINESS JUDGEMENT RULE DI AMERIKA, AUSTRALIA DAN INDONESIA
Authors: Rissy Yafet Yosafet Wilben
Published: April 2020

Tujuan studi ini ialah membahas ketentuan dan penerapan business judgment rule (BJR) di Amerika Serikat (AS), Australia dan Indonesia dimana secara khusus menganalisis bagaimana dan kapan pengadilan memeriksa BJR dan bagaimana BJR diatur dalam hukum perusahaan. Studi ini menunjukan bahwa di AS dan Australia elemen BJR telah menjadi sebuah statutory obligation. Keputusan bisnis direktur telah diadili pengadilan dalam tradisi common law dan kini diatur secara tegas bahwa keputusan bisnis bisa diadili jika terdapat pelanggaran duty of care dan tugas fidusia direktur. Indonesia juga mengadopsi BJR dalam Undang-Undang Perseroan Terbatas 2007 namun pengadilan jarang menguji BJR. Terkait adopsi BJR, studi ini mengindikasikan bahwa adopsi tersebut masih menyisakan sejumlah persoalan mendasar. Oleh karena itu, direkomendasikan agar pengaturan BJR perlu dilakukan secara lebih sistematis.
PERLINDUNGAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA PENGUNGSI DAN PENCARI SUAKA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rahayu Rahayu , Roisah Kholis , Susetyorini Peni
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tentang perlindungan hak asasi manusia pengungsi dan pencari suaka di Indonesia dengan menggunakan pendekatan sociolegal. Data yang digunakan berupa data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh dengan cara pengamatan, wawancara mendalam dan studi pustaka yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara induktif kualitatif. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun Indonesia belum meratifikasi Konvensi Pengungsi 1951 dan Protokol 1967, namun tetap memiliki kewajiban dan tanggung jawab untuk melindungi hak asasi manusia para pengungsi dan pencari suaka yang berada di wilayah Indonesia. Melalui Perpres Nomor 125 tahun 2016 tentang Penanganan Pengungsi dari Luar Negeri, Pemerintah Indonesia memiliki keberpihakan yang sangat kuat terhadap pemenuhan hak asasi manusia para pengungsi dan pencari suaka yang masuk ke wilayah Indonesia dengan menerapkan prinsip non-refoulement.
PROPOSTA DE UM SISTEMA DE TRATAMENTO DESCENTRALIZADO A PARTIR DA CARACTERIZAÇÃO DAS ÁGUAS RESIDUÁRIAS DA FAZENDA EXPERIMENTAL DA UNINCOR, TRÊS CORAÇÕES – MG
Authors: Ferreira Mendes Luana , De Paula Vitor Marques Rosângela Francisca , Alcantra Eliana
Published: April 2020

As águas residuárias são oriundas das atividades domésticas e/ou institucionais e apresentam características em função dos usos à qual a água foi submetida. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar quantitativamente e qualitativamente as águas residuárias da Fazenda Experimental da UninCor, em Três Corações/MG e propor um sistema de tratamento decentralizado. Assim, realizaram-se visitas “in loco” para observar as atividades diárias desenvolvidas pelos usuários e sua frequência visando identificar quantitativamente as águas residuárias, conforme NBR 7229/1993, a vazão em L.dia-1. Das atividades observadas, tem-se águas residuárias proveniente do uso de vasos sanitários, lavatórios, cozinha, máquina de lavar, limpeza em geral e do centro cirúrgico do hospital veterinário, que apresentam um elevado teor de carga orgânica em função da grande quantidade de sangue e do alto teor de gorduras. A amostra para caracterização qualitativa das águas residuárias foi coletada e analisada em laboratório conforme os procedimentos estabelecidos no Standart of methods” (APHA, 2005). As variáveis avaliadas foram matéria orgânica (DBO5 e DQO), pH, turbidez, condutividade elétrica, cloretos e amônia.  Foi quantificada uma vazão de 1.500 L/dia de efluentes da Fazenda Experimental da UninCor. Sendo que, para o tratamento desses efluentes e, de acordo com os resultados para caracterização qualitativa a relação DQO/DBO apresentou valor de 1,77, viabilizando-se a proposição de um tratamento biológico para estas águas residuárias. Conclui-se após a caracterização quantitativa e qualitativa que o tratamento das águas residuárias da Fazenda UninCor será por um sistema descentralizado, por de meio de tanque séptico seguido de wetlands.
ANÁLISE DA CORRELAÇÃO DO VOLUME DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS PROVENIENTES DA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL COM O PRODUTO INTERNO BRUTO PARA OS MUNICÍPIOS NO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Silvestre Teixeira Almeida Marianne , Carvalho de Melo Marília , Dumont Boareto Matheus , Machado Rezende Ramiro
Published: April 2020

O provimento de informações bem como a gestão de resíduos da construção civil (RCC) ainda é um desafio no Brasil e em Minas Gerais. O presente artigo aborda o universo da construção civil e o volume de resíduos gerados proveniente de sua atividade, e identifica se existe correlação entre o Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) e a quantidade de resíduos provenientes da construção civil (RCC) em municípios de Minas Gerais, bem como avalia se essa correlação é influenciada pelo tamanho da população. Para atingir os objetivos são utilizados dados do Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Saneamento (SNIS) para informações sobre coleta de RCC e do PIB e população produzido pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Os dados levantados estão organizados em quatro grupos conforme população, e para os municípios que não informaram o volume de RCC foram desconsiderados da série histórica. Na sequência é avaliada a correlação entre a geração de resíduos e o produto interno bruto por meio de teste estatístico de correlação pela metodologia de Pearson.  Os resultados demonstraram uma correlação fraca entre o PIB e a geração de RCC para municípios até 50 mil habitantes e moderada para aqueles superiores a essa população. Quando considerados os valores médios por faixa populacional delimitada no presente estudo a correlação obtida foi muito forte.
INVERSÃO DO GOLEADOR NA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR: EXPERIÊNCIAS COOPERATIVAS E INCLUSIVAS NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: De Paula Fábio Narduchi , Pereira Alexandre De Jesus , Struchiner Miriam
Published: April 2020

A esportivização da Educação Física escolar cria obstáculos à inclusão de alunos que não se “enquadram” aos padrões exigidos pela lógica do rendimento esportivo padronizado nesses espaços.  Mas apesar dessa conjuntura, é possível criar estratégias de cooperação entre pares, fomentando a participação, a inclusão e o envolvimento dos alunos nessas aulas? Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever e analisar experiências advindas dos Jogos Cooperativos, com sua estratégia “inversão do goleador”, ao longo do ano de 2018, em turmas de 4º e 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública municipal. Aspectos que dizem respeito ao contexto, às motivações e aos procedimentos utilizados, com tal estratégia, foram objetos de análise do presente trabalho. Como corolários da utilização da estratégia cooperativa posta em prática, pôde-se perceber, dentre outras coisas, uma redução de conflitos, maior envolvimento e aceitação de diferenças existentes entre os alunos, bem como o aprimoramento de técnicas e táticas. Além do mais, um clima saudável de otimismo, de participação e de ajuda mútua foi identificado, obtendo o reconhecimento de toda a equipe (de apoio e pedagógica). E assim foi possível criar estratégias de cooperação entre pares, fomentando a participação, a inclusão e o envolvimento dos alunos. Propostas como a dos Jogos Cooperativos, quiçá outras, não só podem como devem ser implementadas na base, isto é, em turmas de 1ª etapa do Ensino Fundamental, nas quais os alunos são mais receptivos e menos resistentes, conforme observado, a fim de se implementar uma ética cooperativa entre eles, considerados agentes culturais.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Editores Os
Published: April 2020

Apresentação.
ENSINO DA MATEMÁTICA POR MEIO DE DISPOSITIVOS MÓVEIS
Authors: Bissoni Estefania , Picolo José Guilherme , Da Silva Rafael Prazeres
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho descreve um projeto chamado Logicametria, desenvolvido por um grupo de estudantes e uma professora da Universidade São Francisco. O trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver um aplicativo para dispositivos móveis que auxilie alunos do 6º ano do ensino fundamental a aprender conteúdos matemáticos na escola e fora dela, tornando as aulas mais atrativas e interessantes, através do uso do celular. Batizado de Logicametria o aplicativo foi desenvolvido a partir das plataformas do Scratch e do Appinventor e conta com 25 fases e 6 tipos de jogos diferentes. O professor ao acessar o aplicativo tem opções de cadastrar, alterar, listar ou excluir enquanto o aluno tem acesso aos jogos que visam o aprendizado de conteúdos matemáticos como frações e decimais. O projeto foi desenvolvido a partir do interesse da orientadora que participa do Projeto Letramento em Programação oferecido pelo Instituto Ayrton Senna em parceria com a Universidade São Francisco e a Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Itatiba.
Significant barriers to diagnosis and management of adrenal insufficiency in Africa
Authors: Mofokeng Thabiso R P , Beshyah Salem A , Mahomed Fazleh , Ndlovu Kwazi C Z , Ross Ian L
Published: April 2020

Background

The burden and management of primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) in Africa have not been well documented. We aimed to identify specific disease characteristics, patient demographics, and patterns of clinical management in established PAI in Africa.

Methods

An online survey of physicians’ experience relating to PAI.

Results

There were 1334 responses received, 589 were complete, and 332 respondents reported managing patients with hypoadrenalism. The described responses were related to a calculated pool of 5787 patients with hypoadrenalism (2746 females, 3041 males), of whom 2302 had PAI. The likely causes of PAI in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) vs the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions included autoimmune disease (20% vs 60.3%; P < 0.001), tuberculosis (34% vs 4.1%; P < 0.001), AIDS (29.8% vs 1%; P < 0.001), malignancy, and genetic conditions. Sixteen percent of AD patients (376/2302) presented in an adrenal crisis. Medical emergency identification was not used by 1233 (83.6%) SSA vs 330 (40.4%) MENA patients (P < 0.001), respectively. Relative non-availability of diagnostic tests across both regions included adrenal antibodies 63% vs 69.6% (P = 0.328), s-cortisol 49.4 % vs 26.7% (P = 0.004), s-ACTH 55.7% vs 53.3% (P = 0.217), and adrenal CT scans 52.4% vs 31.8% (P = 0.017) in the SSA and MENA region, respectively. Across the entire cohort, the overall hydrocortisone use and extrapolated proportion of synacthen use were 59.4% and 50.7%, respectively.

Conclusions

Through the perception and practice of healthcare professionals, we identified significant challenges in the diagnosis and management of PAI which may herald high mortality. Differences between regions may reflect the allocation of healthcare resources.
Heritability of pubertal timing: detailed evaluation of specific milestones in healthy boys and girls
Authors: Busch Alexander S , Hagen Casper P , Juul Anders
Published: April 2020

Objective

Pubertal timing is highly heritable. Observational studies were inconclusive concerning a potential sex-specific difference in the parental contribution, while genome-wide association studies highlighted a heterogeneity in the genetic architecture of pubertal timing between sexes. Our objectives were to evaluate the association of timing of pubertal milestones in offspring with parental pubertal timing and to identify the genetic basis of the heterogeneity.

Design

(1.) Population-based mixed cross-sectional/longitudinal cohort (2006–2014, COPENHAGEN Puberty Study) comprising 1381 healthy Danish children including their parents. (2.) UK Biobank-based summary statistics of genetic data on timing of menarche (n = 188 644), voice-break (n = 154 459) and facial hair (n = 161 470).

Methods

(1.) Participants underwent clinical examination(s) including blood sampling. Parental pubertal timing was obtained by questionnaire. Timing of milestones were analyzed using SAS-lifereg. (2.) Genetic correlations between pubertal outcomes were estimated using LD Score regression. Genetic heterogeneity was analyzed using METAL.

Results

We observed significant associations of relative parental pubertal timing with timing of pubertal milestones in offspring of concordant sex, that is, fathers/sons (e.g. testicular enlargement: P = 0.004, β = 0.34 years per relative category) and mothers/daughters (e.g. thelarche: P < 0.001, β = 0.45 years per relative category). Fewer milestones were associated with relative parental pubertal timing in offspring of discordant sex compared to concordant sex. Large-scale genetic data highlight both moderate to strong genetic correlations between timing of menarche, voice-break and facial hair. Out of 434 lead single-nucleotide polymorphisms significantly associated with at least one outcome, 39 exhibited a significant genetic heterogeneity between sexes (P < 1.15 × 10−4).

Conclusion

Our results highlight a distinct genetic heterogeneity of pubertal timing between sexes.
O enredo histórico e a atual situação jurídica do homeschooling no Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Rannyelly Rodrigues de , Oliveira David Randerson Rodrigues de , Alves Francisco Régis Vieira
Published: April 2020

O homeschooling é uma modalidade educativa que tem sua gênese nos Estados Unidos da América e se expandiu para o Brasil por meio de pregações ministradas por pastores. Essa prática, também conhecida como Educação Domiciliar, é realizada na casa dos estudantes sob a mediação de docentes particulares e dos familiares. A proposta pedagógica seria de substituir a educação ofertada nas instituições regulares de ensino básico. Dessa forma, a educação com enfoque Homeschooliano causa uma repercussão significativa no contexto da educação brasileira, com ênfase, na instância jurídica que trata da sua legalidade. Isso posto, este artigo tem o objetivo de evidenciar que o homeschooling é uma modalidade educativa apresentada numa versão atualizada de um modelo didático-cognitivo já existente há muito tempo e que não é uma prática inconstitucional. Assim, pretende-se possibilitar a compreensão sobre o que é o homeschooling destacando os seus aspectos pedagógicos e suas concepções jurídicas. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica e uma descrição do enredo histórico sobre o homeschooling, a fim de discutir como está a sua atual situação e suas expectativas no cenário educacional brasileiro atinentes. Portanto, foi possível concluir que a Educação Domiciliar, mesmo não sendo uma prática inconstitucional, enfrenta uma resistência jurídica quanto a sua legalização. Todavia, muitas famílias brasileiras praticam a Educação Domiciliar e a tendência é que aumente a quantidade de lares que aderem essa modalidade pedagógica.
A desvalorização do professor: percepções de professores participantes de um programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação em Ciências e Matemática
Authors: Ferreira Valeria Oliveira , Dal Bó Adriane , Amaral-Rosa Marcelo Prado , Lima Valderez Marina do Rosário , Ramos Maurivan Güntzel
Published: April 2020

O objetivo foi compreender as relações entre a desvalorização profissional e a desmotivação do professor. É um estudo de caso, realizado com dez professores participantes de um curso de Pós-Graduação em Educação em Ciências e Matemática de uma universidade comunitária. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionários. A análise de dados foi procedida por meio de Análise Textual Discursiva. Os principais resultados são a emersão de quatro categorias finais: i) como o professor se reconhece em sua profissão; ii) impactos da desvalorização do professor nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem; iii) repercussões da falta de valorização e iv) alternativas para melhorias dessa situação. As categorias expressam a percepção docente sobre aspectos pessoais e profissionais da desvalorização profissional e suas repercussões na motivação dos professores e nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem bem como possíveis alternativas de enfrentamento das dificuldades.
Medidas de distanciamento social no controle da pandemia de COVID-19: potenciais impactos e desafios no Brasil
Authors: Pescarini Julia , Aquino Estela , Silveira Ismael , Aquino Rosana , Souza-Filho Jaime
Published: April 2020

A pandemia de COVID-19 tem desafiado pesquisadores e gestores a encontrar medidas de saúde pública que evitem o colapso dos sistemas de saúde e reduzam os óbitos. Esta revisão narrativa buscou sistematizar as evidências sobre o impacto das medidas de distanciamento social na epidemia de COVID-19 e discutir sua implementação no Brasil. Foram triados artigos sobre o efeito do distanciamento social na COVID-19 no PubMed, medRXiv e bioRvix, e analisados atos do poder público nos níveis federal e estadual para sumarizar as estratégias implementadas no Brasil. Os achados sugerem que o distanciamento social adotado por população é efetivo, especialmente quando combinado ao isolamento de casos e à quarentena dos contatos. Recomenda-se a implementação de medidas de distanciamento social e de políticas de proteção social para garantir a sustentabilidade dessas medidas. Para o controle da COVID-19 no Brasil, é imprescindível que essas medidas estejam aliadas ao fortalecimento do sistema de vigilância nos três níveis do SUS, que inclui a avaliação e uso de indicadores adicionais para monitorar a evolução da pandemia e o efeito das medidas de controle, a ampliação da capacidade de testagem, e divulgação ampla e transparente das notificações e de testagem desagregados.
Application of equilibrium phase diagrams for calculation of segregation kinetics during two-component melt cooling
Authors: Drozin A. D. , Kurkina E. Yu.
Published: April 2020

According to the equilibrium state diagrams, when the melt is cooled to a certain temperature below liquidus, compositions of liquid and solid phases are uniquely determined by corresponding curves in the diagram. However, it does not happen in reality. For equilibrium (which the diagram describes), it is necessary that the melt is maintained indefinitely at each temperature, or thermal conductivity of liquid and solid phases, and the diffusion coefficients of their components, are infinitely large. We made an attempt to find out how these processes occur in reality. In this work, we consider the growth of individual crystal during cooling of a two-component melt. Mathematical model is constructed based on the following. 1. The melt area with volume corresponding to one grain, the periphery of which is cooled according to a certain law, is considered. 2. At the initial instant of time, a crystal nucleus of a certain minimum size is in the liquid. 3. At the surface of crystal, compositions of liquid and solid phases correspond to equilibrium state diagram at a given temperature on its surface. 4. Changes in temperature and composition in liquid and solid phases occur according to the laws of heat conduction and diffusion, respectively. As the melt gets cold and the crystal grows, the liquid phase is enriched in one component and depleted in another, the solid phase – on the contrary. Since the diffusion coefficients of the components in the solid phase are small, the composition of the crystal does not have time to completely equalize its cross section. The model proposed in the work allows us to study this phenomenon, to calculate for each cooling mode how the composition of the crystal will vary over its cross section. The calculations have shown that the temperature equalization occurs almost instantly, and composition of the liquid phase equalizes much slower. Equalization of the solid phase composition does not occur in the foreseeable time. The results of the work will help to improve technology of generation of alloys with an optimal structure.
Method for determining particle growth dynamics in a two-component alloy
Authors: Yaparova N. M.
Published: April 2020

The paper deals with issue of particle growth in a two-component alloy. The particle is formed from the products of chemical reactions that occur at the phase boundary. Generalized mathematical model of particle growth includes diffusion equations, mass transfer equations in boundary layer, and equation characterizing change in radius of the growing particle. The paper proposes an approach that allows reduction of the initial issue to system of PDEs and ODE that describes the state of growing particle. This approach provides basis for developing numerical method for calculating radius of growing particle as a function of time, based on the obtained equations. The computational scheme involves the finite-difference analogues of equations with an additional regularizing functional that ensure stability of the method with respect to accumulated computational error. In order to verify reliability of the proposed computational scheme and to obtain experimental error estimates of numerical solutions, computational experiments were carried out. In the experiments, radius of growing particle is determined with respect to the time via the proposed method. Also, comparative analysis of the calculated radius with test values was carried out and experimental estimates of deviations of the calculated radius from the test functions were obtained. The results of the experiment presented in the work indicate sufficient accuracy of the developed numerical method.
High MTHFR promoter methylation levels in men confer protection against ischemic stroke
Authors: Xu Shan , Shi Qianping , Li Bo , Han Liyuan , Xu Guodong , Peng Xiaolin , Chen Hongen , Dai Shuhong , Ma Wancheng , Wang Changyi , Ma Jianping
Published: April 2020

The MTHFR gene encodes methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase required for the metabolism of homocysteine (Hcy) – a previously reported independent risk factor for ischemic stroke (IS). In this study, we first aimed to clarify the association between DNA methylation levels in the MTHFR promoter and the risk of IS, followed by the analysis of potential interactions between environmental factors and DNA methylation levels that affect IS risk. We recruited 164 patients with hypertension and IS (case group) and 345 age- and sex-matched patients with hypertension only (control group). Demographic and clinical information was obtained using questionnaires, and blood samples were collected for biochemical analyses. Fluorescence quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP) was used to detect MTHFR promoter methylation levels. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between environmental factors, MTHFR promoter methylation levels, and IS risk. We finally generated a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to determine whether MTHFR promoter methylation levels can predict IS. The mean MTHFR methylation levels in case group (8.10 ± 6.14) were significantly lower than those in control group (17.44 ± 3.16; p < 0.05). MTHFR promoter methylation levels were also lower in patients with plasma Hcy levels ≥15 μmol/L (10.65 ± 4.05) than in those with Hcy levels <15 μmol/L (16.74 ± 4.26, p < 0.001). Finally, we found that MTHFR hypermethylation is a protective factor for IS, particular in men (OR in men: 0.07; 95% CI: 0.02–0.16; p < 0.001). Further, sex and MTHFR promoter methylation levels exhibited a preliminary interaction effect on IS risk. These results indicate that MTHFR promoter methylation status might have diagnostic value in IS.
A Sure Start?
Authors: Keller Judit Zsuzsanna , Szőke Alexandra
Published: April 2020

Early childhood prevention programs, fueled by the idea of social investment, have been the focus of policy making for a few decades in Europe and the USA. Amongst these, the Sure Start program in Hungary has evolved into a nationwide service incorporated into the child welfare system. The program aims to combat social exclusion and compensate unequal opportunities related to socio-spatial inequalities through providing assistance, developmental intervention, and social activities to families. The article examines the socio-spatial consequences of the program by bringing together an analysis of the current regulatory and financial framework and the everyday working of several Sure Start houses in different parts of the country. The analysis relies on the findings of two post-doctoral research projects (NRDIO PD 112659 and Premium PD 3300405), combining sociological and anthropological fieldwork in three settlements. The study reveals that the current institutional structure is based on structural deficiencies and institutional asymmetries characterized by the disproportionate allocation of resources and obligations for Sure Start houses. This results in large differences regarding the implementation of the program in different localities, which are largely influenced by the positionality of the settlements, as well as the resources that the maintainers of the service can draw on. The article argues that in its current form the program appears to strengthen rather than alleviate socio-spatial inequalities, as it is exactly the most disadvantaged remote rural places that lack the resources that would be needed to compensate for their multiple disadvantages.
Potency Test: Glucose Stimulated Insulin Release Assay v1
Authors: Islet Distribution Program Integrated
Published: April 2020

The goal of the Integrated Islet Distribution Program (IIDP) is to develop a uniform standardized shipping method among all the subcontracted IIDP centers that will result in minimal loss of quality or quantity of shipped islets (as compared to control islets remaining at the IIDP center). The objective of this Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is to be a model for site-specific SOPs that define the method for quantitative determination of insulin released after glucose stimulation for proving the potency of the human islet preparation shipped by the IIDP. GSIR Overview: After overnight culture at 37°C (12 – 24 hrs), human islets are incubated with media containing a relatively low concentration of glucose (2.8 mM) and a sample of the supernatant is taken. Then the same islets are incubated with media containing a higher glucose concentration (28 mM) and a sample of the supernatant is taken. The amount of insulin present in both the supernatant samples is measured using a commercially available Human Insulin ELISA kit. The stimulation index is calculated by dividing insulin concentration of the supernatant from the 28 mM glucose incubation by the insulin concentration of the supernatant from the 2.8 mM glucose incubation. Reference: Purified Human Pancreatic Islets, Glucose Stimulated Insulin Release Determination by ELISA; DAIT, NIAID, NIH SOP Appendix, Document No. 3104, A03, Revision Number 03; Effective Date: 25 Oct 2010; Supersedes Date: 08 June 2010.
SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing on Illumina MiSeq Using ARTIC Protocol: Part 2 - Illumina DNA Flex Protocol v1
Authors: Sevinsky Joel , Nassiri Arian , Blankenship Heather , Young Erin , Libuit Kevin , Oakeson Kelly , Turner Lauren , Consortium StaPH-B
Published: April 2020

This protocol is an adaption of several circulating protocols on SARS-CoV-2 sequencing using the ARTIC protocol and the Illumina Nexterra DNA Flex library prep kit. Its purpose is to simplify things for the average state public health laboratory, using equipment and expertise they currently posess, most likely from their funded PulseNet activities. Feedback and comments appreciated.
Buffers for Use in Biological Systems v1
Authors: Junior Neilier
Published: April 2020

A buffer solution has the function of resisting changes in pH even when adding powerful acids or bases. However, in the physiological environment the buffered system also provides cofactors for enzymatic reactions, critical salts and even essential nutrients for cells and tissues. Therefore, when trying to reproduce biological conditions in vitro, we must make the appropriate choice of the buffer. After all, it will provide the appropriate medium in which reactions will occur.
Bulk WGS - Ultra II DNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina E7645/E7103 v1
Authors: Horning Aaron , England Biolabs New
Published: April 2020

The NEBNext Ultra II DNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina contains the enzymes and buffers required to convert a broad range of input amounts of DNA into high quality libraries for next-generation sequencing on the Illumina platform. The fast, user-friendly workflow also has minimal hands-on time.
Pótlások Magyarország edényes növényfajainak elterjedési atlaszához X.
Authors: Csiky János , Baráth Kornél , Barna Péter , Csikyné Radnai Éva , Deme Judit , Szigetvári Csaba , Wirth Tamás , Kovács Dániel
Published: April 2020

Jelen közleményünk annak a sorozatnak a tizedik része, melynek célja a Magyarország edényes növényfajainak elterjedési atlasza térképeinek kiegészítése, főként aktuális előfordulási adatokkal. A dolgozat 194 kvadrátban 686 edényes taxon elterjedési adatait pontosítja, amelyeket egy elektronikus appendixben listázunk részletesen. Egy kvadrát néhány pontszerű felmérésnek köszönhetően 100-nál is több fajjal egészült ki. Az országos kéktúra útvonal néhány szakaszának bejárása 10 flóratérképezési kvadrátban összesen 142 új faj kimutatását eredményezte. Ezek közül legérdekesebb-ként a bakonyi Carex strigosa előfordulásokat emelnénk ki. A korábbi és újonnan kimutatott előfordulási adataira támaszkodva megállapítható, hogy e védett sásfaj a Dunántúli-középhegységen belül DNy-i irányból ÉK-i irányba terjeszkedik. Ezek a megfigyelések felhívják a figyelmünket arra, hogy az olyan szinantróp élőhelyek, mint a nagyobb forgalmú turistautak tanulmányozása, komoly szerepet játszhat a flóra térbeli mintázatának KEF léptékű feltárásában. Másrészt, az így regisztrált adatok hozzájárulhatnak olyan “őshonos” növények eredetének és terjedésének jobb megismeréséhez is, mint az ún. illír-dacikus harapófogó fajai.
A labodalevelű szárnyaslibatop (Cycloloma atriplicifolia) újabb előfordulása a Kiskunság északi részén
Authors: Csecserits Anikó , Barabás Sándor
Published: April 2020

2019. július 2-án Csévharaszt községtől a védett borókás felé vezető homokúton elszór-tan, mintegy 200 m hosszan a Cycloloma atriplicifolia nagyjából 100–200 kifejlett egyedét találtuk [N 47.297476°, E 19.382936°, KEF: 8782.1].
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Evlilik Beklentisine Yönelik Nitel Bir Çalışma
Authors: ÖZ SOYSAL Fatma Selda , UZ BAŞ Aslı , AYSAN Ferda
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, evlilik beklentilerine göre idealist, kötümser ve gerçekçi olarak sınıflandırılan üniversite öğrencilerinin evliliğe yönelik bakış açılarını derinlemesine incelemektir. Çalışma grubu, uygun örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen, 2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılında Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, İngilizce Öğretmenliği, Resim-İş öğretmenliği, Matematik Öğretmenliği, Fizik öğretmenliği, Soysal Bilgiler Öğretmenliği bölümlerine devam eden yaşları 18 ile 24 arasında değişen(x̄=20.4, SD=1.6), 191’i kız (%64.4), 101’i (%36.6) erkek olmak üzere toplam 292 lisans öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada öncelikle Jones ve Nelson tarafından geliştirilen, Türkçe’ye Öz Soysal, Uz Baş ve Aysan tarafından uyarlanan “Evlilik Beklentisi Ölçeği (EBÖ)” uygulanmıştır. Uygulama sonrasında katılımcıların ölçekten aldıkları puanlar gerçekçi, kötümser ve idealistik puan ortalamalarına göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Her grupta yer alan katılımcılardan on kişi olmak üzere toplam otuz kişi kura yolu ile seçilmiştir. Daha sonra araştırmacılar yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları idealist, kötümser ve gerçekçi beklentiye sahip bireylerin evlilik ilişkisinde aşk duygusu, çatışma çözümü, çocuk bakımı ve ev işleri, aile ilişkileriyle ilgili beklentilerin birbirlerinden farklı olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca araştırma bulguları tüm katılımcıların evlilik beklentilerinin oluşmasında köken ailelerinin etkili olduğu göstermektedir. Evlilik beklentisi ile yapılacak sonraki çalışmalarda, köken aile, ilişkilere yönelik inanç ve bilişsel yapı, bağlanma stilleri, sosyal öğrenme ve medyanın etkileri gibi değişkenlerle ilişkilerinin incelenmesi önerilebilir.
Piyano Eğitiminde Öğrenme Stratejilerinin Kullanılma Durumunun Piyano Eğitimcileri ve Öğrencilerinin Görüşleri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KANDEMİR Özlem , YOKUŞ Tuba
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, piyano eğitiminde öğrenme stratejilerinin kullanılma durumunun piyano eğitimcileri ve öğrencilerinin görüşleri açısından değerlendirilmesidir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Eğitimi Müzik Eğitimi Anabilim Dalında görev yapmakta olan ve araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılan piyano eğitimcileri (n:5) ile her bir piyano eğitimcisinin 2018-2019 Eğitim- Öğretim Yılı Güz Yarıyılında piyano eğitimi alan 4. sınıf öğrencileri arasından rastgele (random) seçilmiş iki öğrencisi (n: 10) oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, ayrıntılı ve derinlemesine veri toplama, katılımcıların bireysel algılarını ve bakış açılarını doğrudan öğrenme, mevcut durumu anlama ve açıklama amacıyla nitel araştırma yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Bu çerçeve de araştırma verileri görüşme tekniklerinden araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulmuş yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile elde edilmiş ve betimsel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda öğretim elemanlarının piyano eğitiminde öğrenme stratejilerini kısmen kullandıkları, öğrencilerin ise büyük çoğunluğunun öğrenme stratejilerini etkin bir şekilde kullanmadıkları belirlenmiştir.
The Ideas of European Integration in the Journalistic Activities of W. T. Stead (Based upon His Work “The United States of Europe on the Eve of the Parliament of Peace”)
Authors: Kovalska Maryna
Published: April 2020

The article analyzes the ideas of European political integration as the famous British journalist William Thomas Stead stated in his work “The United States of Europe on the eve of the Parliament of Peace” (1899). It examines the so-called “international crusade of peace”, the leading provisions of the Euro-integration concept activities of W. T. Stead. The author emphasizes the progressiveness and originality of the journalist’s approaches, and emphasizes his innovative proposals and compares the positions of W. T. Stead with the standards of behavior of a Victorian man, examines his moral and ethical attitudes towards the war, the problems of the growth of arms of the European countries of the late 19th century, and the aggressive foreign policy.

As W. T. Stead wrote in his “The United States of Europe on the eve of the Parliament of Peace”, the European integration means departure from militarism and coming to disarmament, that is the absence of armed conflicts at all. The pacifist, peaceful principles of W. T. Stead are emphasized against the background of the broader imperial policy of the late Victorian Britain, and the issues of journalist perceptions of militarism, imperialism, the problems of arms and international relations, and the foreign policy of his native country are highlighted. W. T. Stead’s high expectations about the eve of the next step in the progress of human society far away from the cruelties of war were emphasized. In the article was stated that W. T. Stead thought it would be better for an imperialist Britain to limit itself within the patriotic and reasonable political line at the same time. The issues of peace and war in Britain were shown, and the increased lethality of weapons and the anomalous chaos of warfare of the end of the 19th century. The author comes to a conclusion of the sincerity, objectivity, impartiality, progressiveness of the views of W. T. Stead, who considered the process of European integration as the one of the stages of building a better human society in the world.
The 6 November 1774 MI 6 Bolaños Graben Earthquake (Southern Basin and Range Province, West-Central Mexico): Macroseismic Observations and Neotectonic Implications
Authors: Suter Max
Published: April 2020

The continental part of west-central Mexico is characterized by the active extensional tectonic regimes of the Trans-Mexican volcanic belt and the adjacent southern Basin and Range Province. The deformation of the latter is distributed over several topographically very pronounced grabens and half-grabens (width 10–20 km, length ≤200  km; throw 1–2 km), including the Aguascalientes, Juchipila, Tlaltenango, and Bolaños grabens. Here, an A.D. 1774–1775 earthquake series in that area is documented based on numerous contemporary sources. The 6 November 1774 mainshock caused moderate-to-severe damage in several communities of the Bolaños graben, including the silver mining town of Bolaños, and moderate damage to communities in the Tlaltenango graben, such as the administrative center of Colotlán. Based on the macroseismic intensity distribution, the epicenter was in the Bolaños graben. The preferred magnitude of the mainshock is ∼6.0±0.5. No major historical earthquake had been reported previously from this region. Existing ground-shaking hazard models may, therefore, give a false sense of security.

In the Bolaños graben, motion along the graben-bounding faults and the observed tilting of the graben shoulders has to be mostly younger than the 19.9 Ma age of the youngest basalt of the graben-shoulder stratigraphy. Its correlation across the western master fault indicates a 1300 m throw and a vertical long-term slip rate of 0.07  mm/yr. The observations of alluvial fan deposits juxtaposed against the footwall ignimbrites along the western master fault of the Bolaños graben, the displacement of alluvial fan deposits along secondary faults within the graben, and the existence of hot springs along the western boundary fault all are indicative of active deformation, and so is evidently the A.D. 1774 earthquake.
Competencias científicas en maestros de la ciudad de Medellín:
Authors: Londoño Vásquez David Alberto , Luján Villegas Diego Mauricio
Published: April 2020

En el artículo se analizan las competencias científicas que desarrollan los docentes participantes en la Feria de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (CT+i) de la ciudad de Medellín (Colombia), en las ediciones 2012 a 2017, desde la perspectiva de la formación docente. Se reflexiona en torno al desarrollo de las competencias y su incidencia en la formación a través de una propuesta de mediación para el desarrollo de competencias científicas. Se trabaja un enfoque cuanti-cualitativo, a partir de la entrevista en profundidad y la encuesta descriptiva para conferir significados a las “voces” de los actores en relación a las categorías analizadas. Los resultados obtenidos apuntan al desarrollo de competencias científicas, las cuales permiten a los participantes reconocer problemas en el contexto, realizar autocrítica pedagógica, proponer soluciones situadas y contextualizadas, utilizar el lenguaje científico, diseñar y liderar proyectos investigativos y comprender las posibles rutas de construcción de conocimiento científico. Entre las principales conclusiones resalta como dichas competencias propenden por transformar el rol del docente en un profesional reflexivo y crítico, constructor de saber pedagógico y generador de cambios dentro y fuera del aula.
Design and analysis of a new type and normally open hydraulic chuck
Authors: Li Yanfu
Published: April 2020

To solve the problem that large torque drilling rig requires high performance of the chuck, this paper introduces the composition and working principle of a normally open hydraulic chuck, as well as the design and calculation method of its bearing capacity and clamping force. Through the use of creo2.0/simulate finite element analysis module, finite element analysis is made on the main structure parts of the chuck. The results show that the parameter selection and structure design of the chuck mechanism meet the requirements of use, which provides a guarantee for improving the reliability of the chuck mechanism and the overall performance of the drilling rig.
Therapeutic Hypothermia in a Cardiac Arrest: Complicated Questions and Unsolved Problems
Authors: Merkulova I. A. , Avetisyan E. A. , Terenicheva M. A. , Pevsner D. V. , Shakhnovich R. M.
Published: April 2020

The article aims to review the main trials, meta-analyses and guidelines regarding to various practical aspects and unsolved questions of an appliance of the therapeutic hypothermia in out-of-hospital and in-hospital cardiac arrest.
The Role of Residual Stenosis of the Coronary Arteries in the Dynamics Systolicdiastolic Left Ventricular Function after Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Shveс D. A. , Povetkin S. V.
Published: April 2020

Objective. The aim of the research under consideration was to study the dynamics of a local systolic-diastolic function of patients with various ischemic heart disease (IHD) progressions after survival of an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) provided there are residual stenoses of coronary arteries.Materials and Methods. There were 112 patients suffering from ACS who took part in the research. The diagnosis was verified (acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina) in accordance with the recommendations of European Society of Cardiology (ESC). All patients were divided into two groups depending on the occurrence of major acute cardiac events (MACE): 59 patients with aggravated IHD progression and 152 patients with non-aggravated course. Echo-cardiography was performed on a scanner Philips iE33 (the Netherlands) with a consideration to systolic and diastolic functions parameters of a left ventricle. Quantitative analysis of the left ventricle was executed in the mode of Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) and according to the method of tracing the patches of the ultra-sound image gray scale (ST).Results. In the course of the aggravated IHD a decrease in systolic-diastolic function of left ventricle has been discovered. It has been found out that the amount of the systolic peak of longitudinal strain of the left ventricle anteroseptal wall less than 12% is associated with a greater extent of coronary atherosclerosis and aggravated progression of IHD. TDI and ST methods have enabled to reveal that in the course of non-aggravated IHD the contractility and the diastolic function of the left ventricle anteroseptal wall improve in combination with the increase in the contractility of the left ventricle inferolateral wall. During an aggravated IHD progression the contractility and diastolic function of the left ventricle anteresoptal wall decreases without an increase in contractility and diastolic function of the inferior and inferolateral walls of the left ventricle. The reason for such results might be a progressing myocardial ischemia of the left ventricle anteroseptal wall despite the sufficient anterior interventricular artery stenting. The presence of the relevant residual stenoses of the circumflex and right coronary arteries increases the possibility of the aggravated IHD progressing especially by the end of the fourth year of observation.Conclusion. The disbalance of the local contractility of anterior, inferior and inferolateral left ventricle walls in the course of aggravated IHD is connected with the CA residual stenoses presence and forwards the decrease in global systolic-diastolic function of the left ventricle. The final results can serve as a foundation for optimization of recommendations for performing PCI on the patients with multivessel disease of CA.
A Simple Approach for Pilot Analysis of Time-dependent Enzyme Inhibition: Discrimination Between Mechanism-based Inactivation and Tight Binding Inhibitor Behavior
Authors: Buneeva O.A. , Aksenova L.N. , Medvedev A.E.
Published: April 2020

The increase in enzyme inhibition developed during prolonged incubation of an enzyme preparation with a chemical substance may be associated with both the non-covalent and also with covalent enzyme-inhibitor complex formation. The latter case involves catalytic conversion of a mechanism-based irreversible inhibitor (a poor substrate) into a reactive species forming covalent adduct(s) with the enzyme and thus irreversibly inactivating the enzyme molecule. Using a simple approach, based on comparison of enzyme inhibition after preincubation with a potential inhibitor at 4ºC or 37ºC we have analyzed inhibition of monoamine oxidase A (MAO A) by known MAO inhibitors pargyline and pirlindole (pyrazidol). MAO A inhibitory activity of pirlindole (reversible tight binding inhibitor of MAO A) assayed after mitochondrial wash was basically the same for the incubation at both 4ºC and 37ºC. In contrast to pirlindole, the effect of pargyline (mechanism based irreversible MAO inhibitor) strongly depended on the temperature of the incubation medium. At 37ºC the residual activity MAO A in the mitochondrial fraction after washing was significantly lower than in the mitochondrial samples incubated with pargyline at 4ºC. Results of this study suggest that using analysis of both time- and temperature-dependence of inhibition it is possible to discriminate mechanism-based irreversible inhibition and reversible tight binding inhibition of target enzym