bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pragmatics of Humour in a Nigerian University's Departmental Chat Rooms
Authors: Inya Onwu
Published: June 2016

This chapter develops an elaborated Pragmatic Act Model (ePAM) and applies it to humorous interactions in students' text chats in a Nigerian university. The model draws insights from Giora's Graded Salience Hypothesis (GSH), Mey's Pragmatic Act theory and incorporates current issues in pragmatic theorising such as the dialectics between a priori and co-constructed, emergent intention. The data for the study is got from three departmental chat room interactions in Federal University of Technology, Akure. Four humour types are analysed: canned jokes, punning/wordplay, question and answer jokes, and hyperbole/overstatement. Similarly, five pragmatic acts are performed in the identified humour types, namely, satirising, eliciting laughter, electioneering, teasing and overstating. In each of the humour types, the pragmatic mechanism drawn upon to comprehend the joke and to perform the pragmatic acts is indicated. Overall, the chapter argues that the effective appreciation of any humour act would require a pragmatically and culturally enriched context.
Effect of Bamboo Hybridization and Staking Sequence on Mechanical Behavior of Bamboo-Glass Hybrid Composite
Authors: Gohil Piyush P. , Patel Kundan , Chaudhary Vijaykumar , Ramjiyani Ronak
Published: June 2016

The advancement of polymer composites containing natural fibers as a manageable option material for certain designing applications, especially aviation and car applications, is a well-known area of investigation. Nevertheless, the high mechanical properties connected with synthetic fibers they are awesome and lavish contrasted with natural fibers. The utilization of natural plant fibers and mixes of natural and synthetic fibers for making ease building materials has produced much interest recently. In the present work, bamboo–glass hybrid polyester composites were produced and their mechanical properties like elasticity and flexural quality were assessed for different weight fraction and distinctive stacking sequence. The outcomes observed that bamboo–glass mixture composites offered the benefits of both natural and synthetic fibers. It is also observed that hybridization started a material with general intermediate properties between pure glass and pure bamboo. However, the significance of controlling the stacking grouping to upgrade properties was evident.
Fabrication and Processing of Pineapple Leaf Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Fadzullah S. H. Sheikh Md. , Mustafa Zaleha
Published: June 2016

There is an increasing interest worldwide in the use of Pineapple Leaf Fibers (PALF) as reinforcements in polymer composites, since this type of natural fiber exhibit attractive features such as superior mechanical, physical and thermal properties, thus offer potential uses in a spectrum of applications. PALF contains high cellulose content (between 70-82%) and high crystallinity. However, being hydrophilic, it posed a compatibility issue particularly in a hydrophobic polymeric matrix system. Thus, their shortcoming need to be addressed to ensure good interfacial bonding at the fibers/matrix interphase before their full potential can be harnessed. This chapter summarized some of the important aspects relating to PALF and its reinforced composites, particularly the main characteristics of the fiber, extraction and pre-treatment process of the fibers. Following this, discussions on the available fabrication processes for both short and continuous long PALF reinforced composites are presented.
Banana Fiber Reinforcement and Application in Composites
Authors: Shandilya Abhinav , Gupta Ayush , Verma Deepak
Published: June 2016

The growing awareness about sustainable development, environmental ecology and new legislations has led researchers to focus attention on bio fibres reinforced composites. In this field research has been done on many fibres but fibres such as banana, coir, bagasse, jute have gained importance in the recent decades. The main advantage of the natural fibre based composites materials being their low cost, easy availability, low density, acceptable specific properties, ease of separation, enhanced energy recovery, C02 neutrality, biodegradability and recyclability in nature. The attention is being given to the development of natural fibre composites is to explore value-added application avenues for their use and also for a sustainable and economical use of easily available natural material in hand. Agricultural waste is a very good example of such naturally available material and it can also be used to prepare composite materials for commercial use this has a very significant advantage over other natural fibres as its abundance and because of almost no cost.
Creating an EdD Structure, Program, and Process Fulfilling the Needs of Doctoral Candidates and the Communities They Will Serve
Authors: Israel Marla Susman , Sostak Susan , Stewart Felicia P. , Bazzi-Moughania Ahlam
Published: June 2016

This chapter describes the program redesign, development and essential components of Loyola University Chicago's EdD principal preparation program for the Chicago Leadership Collaborative (CLC) providing a pipeline of candidates to be transformational principals within the Chicago Public Schools. This redesigned EdD focuses on creating communities of positive practice comprised of scholar- practitioners who create disciplines of inquiry that positively impact student, faculty, parent, and community outcomes while contributing to the knowledge base of preparing future educational leaders. In its third year of implementation with 30 candidates in the program, lessons learned from this program redesign will be detailed. Using the foundational principles from this new program redesign process, in conjunction with dissertation completion and graduate outcome data from Loyola's traditional EdD program, this article will explore next steps in the EdD program development process within the reality of rising expectations and continuous legislative change within the state of Illinois.
Turkey's Foreign Trade and New Markets for Turkey
Authors: Özer Ahu Coşkun
Published: June 2016

The share of developing countries in the world trade is increasing every day. According to an assessment made by the World Trade Organization (WTO), a share of developing countries in the world export is expected to rise by 8.5% in the years ahead. Turkey's share in the world trade is around 1%, and it is expected to increase up to 1.5% by 2023.Turkey is ranked 22nd in the world export and 15th in the world import of goods. Turkey's current problems are account and trade deficits. New markets will potentially offer an opportunity to overcome both account and trade deficits. The aim of this chapter is to define new export markets for Turkey. According to the survey results, Turkey may potentially increase its export to the USA. Apart from the USA, Germany and Russia will continue to serve as export markets for Turkey in the years ahead. Therefore, Turkish companies will maintain their existing trade relations with these countries.
Language Learners and Mobile Technology
Authors: Al-Shehri Saleh
Published: June 2016

In order to understand the influence of mobile social media vs. formal learning platforms on creating effective student-student and teacher-student communication channels and linguistic outputs, this study was conducted. Using a qualitative approach, a number of 30 English language university teachers were interviewed. Evidence from their mobile and non-mobile interaction with their students was analyzed to support data from the interviews. The study evaluates the potential of both formal and informal communication mediums to maintain student-centered language learning experience. The study concludes that teachers still need to be aware of the potential of mobile technology and social media for language learning, and that there was a tendency among some teachers to implement formal technology tools for their teaching.
Voters and Mobile
Authors: Sebubi Oarabile
Published: June 2016

The objective of democracy is to allow people the freedom to vote at ease and according to their individual choices. Mobile Election has high potentials of transforming and improving efficiency of the current electoral process, thereby enabling convenient and ubiquitous elections, hence, revolutionizing the institution of democracy. With so much potential though, its adoption is extremely low worldwide because the barriers to adoption are extremely high as mobile election is still lacking in addressing the critical and sensitive requirements of the electoral process worldwide. This chapter explores the potential impact of mobile elections to democratic establishments such as politics and voter participation. It then adopts a comparative analysis approach in exploring the barriers to adoption and possible solutions. Lastly, it provides recommendations for future research in the areas of voter trafficking, network and data security, inter-operability issue, digital/democratic divide issue, and voter satisfaction.
Marketing and Mobile
Authors: Harvey Kenneth E. , An Yulia
Published: June 2016

Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) was gaining popularity even before the World Wide Web. But with the explosion of online marketing, it is nearly impossible to avoid integration. This chapter will explore how digital and mobile marketing are dictating such changes in marketing. An overview of modern mobile marketing practices and trends builds upon a comparison of the traditional marketing mix (4 Ps) with a more consumer-oriented concept of 4 Cs. As products are being replaced with consumers, promotion with communication, place with convenience, and price with cost, the rise of mobile devices and the mobile Internet brings up a multitude of new concepts into traditional marketing theory and practice. Supplemented with best industry examples, the review of emerging mobile marketing concepts moves from broad online strategies, like inbound marketing, to very mobile-specific trends, like the Internet of Things.
Business and Mobile
Authors: Ibadildin Nygmet , Harvey Kenneth E.
Published: June 2016

This chapter will explore the peculiarities of business applications of mobile technologies, including a short history and a review of the current state of affairs, major trends likely to cause further change over the coming years, key theories and models to help understand and predict these changes, and future directions of research that may provide deeper scientific insight. M-commerce has many aspects from design and usability of the devices to monetization issues of mobile applications. M-enterprise is about drastic changes in internal and external communications and efficiency in the work of each business unit. M-industry reviews the impact of mobile technologies on traditional industries and the development of entirely new industries. M-style is how our everyday lives are changing in behavior, choices and preferences. After reading this chapter you will be able to differentiate m-business in many important areas: why is it important, where it is going, what is the value to consumers.
Reviewing Gratification Effects in Mobile Gaming
Authors: Gao Yuchan
Published: June 2016

This chapter aims to critically review previous studies on the gratification effects mobile gaming provides in a variety of aspects including play experience, education and social networking. Previous studies reveal that mobile gaming gratifies a new play experience in casual, flexible and ubiquitous nature. Additionally, mobile gaming generates widely accepted gratifications in technology-based education, improving learning and teaching performance in education in general and specific courses. Meanwhile, mobile gaming demonstrates great gratification effect in quality, ability and physical training. Furthermore, scholars have widely researched on the gratification effect of mobile gaming to promote social networking with the applications of socially interactive technologies. Finally, this chapter delivers a forecast about the future development of mobile gaming into HR recruitment and management.
Youth and Mobile
Authors: Zaremohzzabieh Zeinab , Ahrari Seyedali , Abu Samah Bahaman , Othman Jamilah Bt.
Published: June 2016

While the rapid growth in studies on the effects of mobile phones has deepened our understanding of the role mobile phones play in the socialization process of youth, further work is required in reviewing the growing influence of mobile phones for continuing socialization. The objective of this paper therefore is to assess literature from a range of selected studies and in doing so, highlight the role of mobile phones in contributing to youth socialization. This state-of-the-art review demonstrates that mobile phones are a powerful socializing tool that can lead to plentiful consequences. It will show that the influence of mobile phones can be beneficial. It explores the harmful effects of mobile phones. Finally, this chapter will incorporate previous advancements in research to inform forthcoming research and identify new concepts, themes and theories to support or improve the role of mobile phones in increasing the socialization skills of youth.
Arkham Epic
Authors: Arnott Luke
Published: June 2016

This chapter presents a model that explains how the epic is a narrative genre that has become popular across a variety of new media. It demonstrates how the Arkham series of Batman video games – Batman: Arkham Asylum (Rocksteady Studios, 2009), Batman: Arkham City (Rocksteady Studios, 2011), Batman: Arkham Origins (Warner Bros. Games Montreal, 2013), and Batman: Arkham Knight (Rocksteady Studios, 2015) – is constructed as an epic narrative within the larger Batman media franchise. The Arkham series aspires to epic status by eclipsing competing Batman texts or by assimilating those texts into its continuity. The series is an example of how video games now influence the evolution and cross-adaptation of derivative and parallel works such as comics, movies, and other paratexts. The chapter concludes by observing how games like the Arkham series relate to representation and theories of postmodernism.
The Inescapable Intertextuality of Blade Runner: The Video Game
Authors: Fernandez-Vara Clara
Published: June 2016

The video game adaptation of Blade Runner (1997) exemplifies the challenges of adapting narrative from traditional media into digital games. The key to the process of adaptation is the fictional world, which it borrows both from Philip K. Dick's novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? (1968) and Ridley Scott's film Blade Runner (1982). Each of these works provides different access points to the world, creating an intertextual relationship that can be qualified as transmedia storytelling, as defined by Jenkins (2006). The game utilizes the properties of digital environments (Murray, 2001) in order to create a world that the player can explore and participate in; for this world to have the sort of complexity and richness that gives way to engaging interactions, the game resorts to the film to create a visual representation, and to the themes of the novel. Thus the game is inescapably intertextual, since it needs of both source materials in order to make the best of the medium of the video game.
Exploring Complex Intertextual Interactions in Video Games
Authors: Sanford Kathy , Hopper Timothy Frank , Burren Jamie
Published: June 2016

This chapter explores the intertextual nature of video games. Video games are inherently intertextual and have utilized intertextuality in profound ways to engage players and make meaning. Youth who play video games demonstrate complex intertextual literacies that enable them to construct and share understandings across game genres. However, video game literacy is noticeably absent from formal education. This chapter draws from bi-monthly meetings with a group of youth video gamers. Video game sessions focused on exploring aspect of video game play such as learning and civic engagements. Each session was video recorded and coded using You Tube annotation tools. Focusing on intertextuality as an organizing construct, the chapter reports on five themes that emerged that were then used to help explore the use of video games as teaching tool in a grade 11 Language Arts class. A critical concept that emerged was the idea of complex intertextual literacy that frames and enables adolescents' engagement with video games.
Cultural Transduction and Intertextuality in Video Games
Authors: Uribe-Jongbloed Enrique , Espinosa-Medina Hernán David , Biddle James
Published: June 2016

This chapter addresses the relationship that exists between intertextuality and cultural transduction in video game localization. Whereas the former refers to the dual relationship established between texts and previous texts available to the potential readers and the bridges that are consciously or unconsciously established between them, cultural transduction refers to the conscious process of transforming audiovisual content to suit the interests of a given cultural market. Three case studies are presented to explore the relationship that exists between the place of production, the internal cultural references to other texts within the games and the intended market where the video game is distributed: Finally, the importance of intertextuality as part of the cultural transduction process is highlighted.
HIV and/or AIDS awareness among adolescents in a South African at-risk rural community
Authors: Taukeni Simon , Ferreira Ronel
Published: June 2016

Background: The devastating effects of HIV and/or AIDS are widely documented. Despite ongoing efforts to address the challenges associated with the pandemic, the impact on children orphaned because of the disease, as well as on adolescents, remains problematic. More specifically, orphaned adolescents living in poverty are particularly vulnerable and are often exposed to, for example, emotional and physical abuse and transactional sexual exploitation. Against this background, the importance of informed awareness among adolescents is continually emphasised, yet the outcomes of awareness campaigns require ongoing research.Objectives: The main objective of this study was to explore HIV and/or AIDS awareness among adolescents living in a rural community in South Africa, in the Chris Hani District of the Eastern Cape Province. Sixteen adolescents (aged 12–24) who had lost one or both of their parents because of HIV and/or AIDS-related reasons were purposefully selected to participate in the study.Method: For this qualitative investigation, we implemented a descriptive case study design. Semi-structured individual interviews, observation and field notes were used to collect and document data, and inductive thematic analysis was completed using the software programme Atlas.ti 7.Results: The three themes that were identified relate to HIV and/or AIDS awareness, disclosure of parents’ HIV and/or AIDS status and experiences of adolescents surrounding the death of their parents. Adolescents of the community viewed HIV and/or AIDS as an infectious disease that can lead to death; however, this can be prevented by avoiding at-risk sexual behaviour. Schools and family members were the main sources of information regarding HIV and/or AIDS to the participants. Even though parents tended not to disclose their HIV and/or AIDS status, adolescents became aware of their parents’ status when reading about this on their parents’ medical report cards or when being told about the status by others following the death of their parents. For adolescents, their parents’ deaths were associated with the parents being chronically ill or showing visible signs of deterioration such as weight loss.Conclusion: The study concludes that even though current campaigns and informative interventions have seemingly succeeded in ensuring HIV and/or AIDS awareness among adolescents – also those in remote areas – continued educational campaigns are important. Such initiatives may prove to be beneficial by focusing on ways that parents can discuss HIV and/or AIDS-related issues with their children and disclose an HIV-positive status.
An Alternative Hepatosafe Treatment in Leprosy
Authors: Bhide Anuradha Ashok , Khemani Usha N , Kamath Ratnakar R , Vaidyanathan Varsha , Ponathil Abhishek P , Kura Mahendra M
Published: June 2016

Leprosy complicated by hepatitis is one condition wherein the usual multidrug therapy cannot be used and alternate regimens are required. The World Health Organization and the Indian Association of Leprologists have recommended an alternative combination therapy of clarithromycin, ofloxacin, and clofazimine to be prescribed in such cases. However, in some cases, this combination therapy may fail to control or worsen the hepatitis. One such case of leprosy, complicated by hepatitis, who did not tolerate the recommended hepatosafe regimen was successfully treated with monthly rifampicin, ofloxacin, and minocycline, and is hence reported.
Internal Herniation through Foramen of Winslow: A Diagnosis Not to be Missed
Authors: Leung Edmund , Bramhall Simon , Kumar Prajeesh , Mourad Moustafa , Ahmed Amdad
Published: June 2016

Introduction

Hernias through the foramen of Winslow are extremely rare, accounting for 0.1% of all abdominal hernias. Delayed diagnosis is often observed, resulting in bowel strangulation and high mortality.

Method

We present a case of a patient with strangulated ileum herniated through the foramen of Winslow. Recent literature review was undertaken on “PubMed” as a search platform using the keywords “foramen of Winslow” and “hernia”.

Case Summary

A 66-year-old man presented acutely with severe epigastric pain and vomiting. An emergency computed tomography scan revealed a loop of ileum in the lesser sac. At emergency laparotomy, a herniated loop of ileum that had become strangulated at its entry to the lesser sac via the foramen of Winslow was confirmed. The loop of ileum was reduced but was nonviable, which had to be resected with a primary anastomosis. The patient's postoperative recovery was uneventful.

Conclusion

Herniation through the foramen of Winslow is a difficult diagnosis and must not be missed. Early cross-sectional imaging and surgical intervention are advised in order to reduce morbidity.
Симметрия Вирасоро многокомпонентной иерархии Кадомцева-Петвиашвили со связями и ее интегрируемой дискретизации
Authors: Li Chuanzhong , He Jingsong
Published: June 2016

Построены дополнительные симметрии типа симметрии Вирасоро для некоторой многокомпонентной иерархии Кадомцева-Петвиашвили со связями и получено уравнение потока Вирасоро для собственных функций и сопряженных собственных функций. Показано, что алгебраическая структура симметрии Вирасоро сохраняется после дискретизации многокомпонентной иерархии Кадомцева-Петвиашвили со связями с образованием дискретной многокомпонентной иерархии.
Разбиения множеств и интегрируемые иерархии
Authors: Adler Vsevolod Eduardovich
Published: June 2016

Показано, что статистика для некоторых типов разбиений множеств описывается производящими функциями, возникающими в теории интегрируемых уравнений.
Optimized photodegradation of Bisphenol A in water using ZnO, TiO2 and SnO2 photocatalysts under UV radiation as a decontamination procedure
Authors: Abo Rudy , Kummer Nicolai-Alexeji , Merkel Broder J.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Experiments on photodegradation of Bisphenol A (BPA) was carried out in water samples by means photocatalytic and photo-oxidation methods in the presence of ZnO, TiO2 and SnO2 catalysts. The objective of this study was to develop an improved technique that can be used as remediation procedure for BPA contaminated surface and groundwater based on solar radiation. The photodegradation of BPA in water was performed under low-intensity UV mimics natural solar radiation. The results reveals significantly higher degradation rates observed in the presence of ZnO than with TiO2 and SnO2 catalysts during 20 h of irradiation. The intervention of the advanced photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) was reduced the time of degradation to less than 1 h to reach a degradation rate of 90 % for BPA in water. The results also suggests the use of ZnO as competitor catalyst to the traditional TiO2, providing most effective treatment of contaminated water with phenolic products.
Projected changes in the seasonal cycle of the Atlantic meridional heat transport in MPI-ESM
Authors: Fischer Matthias , Domeisen Daniela I. V. , Müller Wolfgang A. , Baehr Johanna
Published: June 2016

Abstract. We investigate the effect of a projected reduction in the Atlantic Ocean meridional heat transport (OHT) on changes in its seasonal cycle. We analyze a climate projection experiment with the Max-Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) performed for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5). In the RCP8.5 climate change scenario, the OHT declines in MPI-ESM in the North Atlantic by 30–50 % by the end of the 23rd century. The decline in the OHT is accompanied by a change in the seasonal cycle of the total OHT and its components. We decompose the OHT into overturning and gyre component. For the total OHT seasonal cycle, we find a northward shift of 5 degrees and latitude dependent temporal shifts of 1 to 6 months that are mainly associated with changes in the meridional velocity field. We find that the shift in the OHT seasonal cycle predominantly results from changes in the wind-driven surface circulation which projects onto the overturning component of the OHT in the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic. This leads to latitude dependent shifts of 1 to 6 months in the overturning component. In the subpolar North Atlantic, we find that the reduction of the North Atlantic Deep Water formation in RCP8.5 and changes in the gyre heat transport result in a strongly weakened seasonal cycle with a weakened seasonal amplitude by the end of the 23rd century and thus changes the OHT seasonal cycle in the SPG.
A 7-year dataset for driving and evaluating snow models at an Arctic site (Sodankylä, Finland)
Authors: Essery Richard , Kontu Anna , Lemmetyinen Juha , Dumont Marie , Ménard Cécile B.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Datasets derived from measurements at Sodankylä, Finland, for driving and evaluating snow models are presented. This is the first time that such complete datasets have been made available for a site in the Arctic. The continuous October 2007–September 2014 driving data comprise all of the meteorological variables required as inputs for physically based snow models at hourly intervals: incoming solar and longwave radiation, snowfall and rainfall rates, air temperature, humidity, wind speed and atmospheric pressure. Two versions of the driving data are provided: one using radiation and wind speed measurements made above the height of the trees around the clearing where the evaluation data were measured and one with adjustments for the influence of the trees on conditions close to the ground. The available evaluation data include automatic and manual measurements of bulk snow depth and snow water equivalent, and profiles of snow temperature, snow density and soil temperature. A physically based snow model is driven and evaluated with the datasets to illustrate their utility. Shading by trees is found to extend the duration of both modelled and observed snow cover on the ground by several days a year.
Evaluation of improved land use and canopy representation in BEIS v3.61 with biogenic VOC measurements in California
Authors: Bash Jesse O. , Baker Kirk R. , Beaver Melinda R.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) participate in reactions that can lead to secondarily formed ozone and particulate matter (PM) impacting air quality and climate. BVOC emissions are important inputs to chemical transport models applied on local to global scales but considerable uncertainty remains in the representation of canopy parameterizations and emission algorithms from different vegetation species. The Biogenic Emission Inventory System (BEIS) has been used to support both scientific and regulatory model assessments for ozone and PM. Here we describe a new version of BEIS which includes updated input vegetation data and canopy model formulation for estimating leaf temperature and vegetation data on estimated BVOC. The Biogenic Emission Landuse Database (BELD) was revised to incorporate land use data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land product and 2006 National Land Cover Database (NLCD) land coverage. Vegetation species data are based on the US Forest Service (USFS) Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) version 5.1 for 2002–2013 and US Department of Agriculture (USDA) 2007 census of agriculture data. This update results in generally higher BVOC emissions throughout California compared with the previous version of BEIS. Baseline and updated BVOC emission estimates are used in Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Model simulations with 4 km grid resolution and evaluated with measurements of isoprene and monoterpenes taken during multiple field campaigns in northern California. The updated canopy model coupled with improved land use and vegetation representation resulted in better agreement between CMAQ isoprene and monoterpene estimates compared with these observations.
A FAST AND ROBUST ALGORITHM FOR ROAD EDGES EXTRACTION FROM LIDAR DATA
Authors: Qiu Kaijin , Sun Kai , Ding Kou , Shu Zhen
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Fast mapping of roads plays an important role in many geospatial applications, such as infrastructure planning, traffic monitoring, and driver assistance. How to extract various road edges fast and robustly is a challenging task. In this paper, we present a fast and robust algorithm for the automatic road edges extraction from terrestrial mobile LiDAR data. The algorithm is based on a key observation: most roads around edges have difference in elevation and road edges with pavement are seen in two different planes. In our algorithm, we firstly extract a rough plane based on RANSAC algorithm, and then multiple refined planes which only contains pavement are extracted from the rough plane. The road edges are extracted based on these refined planes. In practice, there is a serious problem that the rough and refined planes usually extracted badly due to rough roads and different density of point cloud. To eliminate the influence of rough roads, the technology which is similar with the difference of DSM (digital surface model) and DTM (digital terrain model) is used, and we also propose a method which adjust the point clouds to a similar density to eliminate the influence of different density. Experiments show the validities of the proposed method with multiple datasets (e.g. urban road, highway, and some rural road). We use the same parameters through the experiments and our algorithm can achieve real-time processing speeds.
EVALUATION OF ACQUISITION STRATEGIES FOR IMAGE-BASED CONSTRUCTION SITE MONITORING
Authors: Tuttas S. , Braun A. , Borrmann A. , Stilla U.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Construction site monitoring is an essential task for keeping track of the ongoing construction work and providing up-to-date information for a Building Information Model (BIM). The BIM contains the as-planned states (geometry, schedule, costs, ...) of a construction project. For updating, the as-built state has to be acquired repeatedly and compared to the as-planned state. In the approach presented here, a 3D representation of the as-built state is calculated from photogrammetric images using multi-view stereo reconstruction. On construction sites one has to cope with several difficulties like security aspects, limited accessibility, occlusions or construction activity. Different acquisition strategies and techniques, namely (i) terrestrial acquisition with a hand-held camera, (ii) aerial acquisition using a Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and (iii) acquisition using a fixed stereo camera pair at the boom of the crane, are tested on three test sites. They are assessed considering the special needs for the monitoring tasks and limitations on construction sites. The three scenarios are evaluated based on the ability of automation, the required effort for acquisition, the necessary equipment and its maintaining, disturbance of the construction works, and on the accuracy and completeness of the resulting point clouds. Based on the experiences during the test cases the following conclusions can be drawn: Terrestrial acquisition has the lowest requirements on the device setup but lacks on automation and coverage. The crane camera shows the lowest flexibility but the highest grade of automation. The UAV approach can provide the best coverage by combining nadir and oblique views, but can be limited by obstacles and security aspects. The accuracy of the point clouds is evaluated based on plane fitting of selected building parts. The RMS errors of the fitted parts range from 1 to a few cm for the UAV and the hand-held scenario. First results show that the crane camera approach has the potential to reach the same accuracy level.
MAPPING ALPINE VEGETATION LOCATION PROPERTIES BY DENSE MATCHING
Authors: Niederheiser Robert , Rutzinger Martin , Lamprecht Andrea , Steinbauer Klaus , Winkler Manuela , Pauli Harald
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Highly accurate 3D micro topographic mapping in mountain research demands for light equipment and low cost solutions. Recent developments in structure from motion and dense matching techniques provide promising tools for such applications. In the following, the feasibility of terrestrial photogrammetry for mapping topographic location properties of sparsely vegetated areas in selected European mountain regions is investigated. Changes in species composition at alpine vegetation locations are indicators of climate change consequences, such as the pronounced rise of average temperatures in mountains compared to the global average. Better understanding of climate change effects on plants demand for investigations on a micro-topographic scale. We use professional and consumer grade digital single-lens reflex cameras mapping 288 plots each 3 x 3 m on 18 summits in the Alps and Mediterranean Mountains within the GLORIA (GLobal Observation Research Initiative in Alpine environments) network. Image matching tests result in accuracies that are in the order of millimetres in the XY-plane and below 0.5 mm in Z-direction at the second image pyramid level. Reconstructing vegetation proves to be a challenge due to its fine and small structured architecture and its permanent movement by wind during image acquisition, which is omnipresent on mountain summits. The produced 3D point clouds are gridded to 6 mm resolution from which topographic parameters such as slope, aspect and roughness are derived. At a later project stage these parameters will be statistically linked to botanical reference data in order to conclude on relations between specific location properties and species compositions.
GENERATION AND COMPARISON OF TLS AND SFM BASED 3D MODELS OF SOLID SHAPES IN HYDROMECHANIC RESEARCH
Authors: Zhang R. , Schneider D. , Strauß B.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The aim of a current study at the Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Technical Hydromechanics at TU Dresden is to develop a new injection method for quick and economic sealing of dikes or dike bodies, based on a new synthetic material. To validate the technique, an artificial part of a sand dike was built in an experimental hall. The synthetic material was injected, which afterwards spreads in the inside of the dike. After the material was fully solidified, the surrounding sand was removed with an excavator. In this paper, two methods, which applied terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and structure from motion (SfM) respectively, for the acquisition of a 3D point cloud of the remaining shapes are described and compared. Combining with advanced software packages, a triangulated 3D model was generated and subsequently the volume of vertical sections of the shape were calculated. As the calculation of the volume revealed differences between the TLS and the SfM 3D model, a thorough qualitative comparison of the two models will be presented as well as a detailed accuracy assessment. The main influence of the accuracy is caused by generalisation in case of gaps due to occlusions in the 3D point cloud. Therefore, improvements for the data acquisition with TLS and SfM for such kind of objects are suggested in the paper.
137Cs monitoring in the meat of wild boar population in Slovakia
Authors: Beňová Katarina , Dvořák Petr , Tomko Martin , Falis Marcel
Published: June 2016

Currently, due to the elapsed time and the nature of the Chernobyl accident, the only artificial radionuclide present in the soil is 137Cs, with a physical half-life conversion of 30.17 years. The 137Cs is quickly integrated into a biological cycle, similar to potassium. Generally, radionuclides are characterized by their mobility in soil. Contamination of materials and food by radionuclides represent a serious problem and has a negative impact on human health. The threat of international terrorism and the inability to forestall the impact of natural disasters on nuclear energetic (Fukushima accident), are also reasons for continuous monitoring of food safety. According screening measurement performed in European countries, high radioactivity levels were reported in the wild boars muscles from Sumava (Czech Republic). Seasonal fluctuation of 137Cs activity in the wild boar meat samples was observed in the forests on the southern Rhineland. Monitoring of 137Cs activity in the wild boar meat samples in the hunting grounds in Slovakia was initiated based on the reports on exceeding limits of the content of radiocaesium in the meat of wild boar from the surrounding countries. The aim of this study was to determine the 137Cs post Chernobyl contamination of wild boars population in different hunting districts of Slovakia during 2013 - 2014. A total of 60 thigh muscle samples from wild boars of different age categories (4 months - 2 years) were evaluated. 137Cs activity was measured by gamma spectrometry (Canberra). Despite the fact Slovakia is closer to Chernobyl as Czech Republic and Germany, the 137Cs activity measured was very low and far below the permitted limit. The highest radiocaesium activity level measured in muscle was 37.2 Bq.kg-1 ±4.7%. Wild boar originated from Zlate Moravce district. The measurement results show, that 137Cs contamination levels of game in Slovakia are low. Radiocaesium activity in examined samples was very low and therefore consumption of wild boar meat does not represent a health risk problem.
Determination of ascorbic acid in pharmaceutical preparation and fruit juice using modified carbon paste electrode
Authors: Žabčí­ková Simona , Vu Dai Long , Červenka Libor , Tambor Vojtěch , Vašatová Martina
Published: June 2016

Acrobic acid is key substance in the human metabolism and the rapid and accurate determination in food is of a great interest. Ascorbic acid is an electroactive compound, however poorly responded on the bare carbon paste electrodes. In this paper, brilliant cresyl blue and multi-walled carbon nanotubes were used for the modification of carbon paste electrode. Brilliant cresyl blue acts as a mediator improving the transition of electrons, whereas multiwalled carbon nanotubes increased the surface of the electrode. Both brilliant cresyl blue and multiwalled carbon nanotubes were added directly to the composite material. The electrochemical behavior of modified electode was determined in electrolyte at various pH, and the effect of the scan rate was also performed. It was shown that the electrochemical process on the surface of the modified carbon paste electrode was diffusion-controlled. The resulted modified carbon paste electrode showed a good electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of ascorbic acid at a reduced overpotential of +100 mV descreasing the risk of interferences. A linear response of the ascorbic acid oxidation current measured by the amperometry in the range of 0.1 - 350 µmol.L-1 was obtained applying the sensor for the standard solution. The limit of detection and limit of quantification was found to be 0.05 and 0.15 µmol.L-1, respectively. The novel method was applied for the determination of ascorbic acid in pharmaceutical vitamin preparation and fruit juice, and the results were in good agreement with the standard HPLC method. The presented modification of carbon paste electrode is suitable for the fast, sensitive and very accurate determination of ascorbic acid in fruit juices and pharmaceutical preparation.
Adsorptive stripping voltammetry in lipophilic vitamins determination
Authors: Sýs Milan , Žabčí­ková Simona , Červenka Libor , Vytřas Karel
Published: June 2016

The aim of this contribution was to check if adsorptive stripping differential pulse voltammetry (AdSDPV) is suitable tool for sensitive simultenous electrochemical detection of lipophilic vitamins. Retinol (vitamin A1), cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), α-tocopherol (vitamin E) and phylloquinone (vitamin K1) were selected as representatives. All electrochemical measurements were performed in two separate steps due to the lipophilic character of the analytes. In the first step, an accumulation of lipophilic vitamin on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was done by immersing working electrode into the aqueous”‘acetonitrile solutions (50%, v/v) of each vitamin (50.0 µmol.L-1) at 400 rpm for 5 min. In the second one, differential pulse voltammetry of accumulated vitamins was performed in 0.01 mol.L-1 acetate (pH 4.5) buffer at potential step (Estep) 5 mV, potential of amplitude (Eampl) 25 mV, interval time (t) 0.1 s and scan rate (ν) 50 mV.s-1. It was observed that electrochemical behaviour of lipophilic vitamins adsorbed on surface of solid GCE in the aqueous electrolyte was very similar to those performed in organic/aqueous electrolyte in literature. Due to reversible electrochemical behaviour of vitamin K1 (phylloquinone/phyllohydroquinone redox couple), it was possible to detect all lipophilic vitamins only in one analysis. Observed values of peak potentials (Ep) were sufficiently different for their recognition which was confirmed by the analysis of real sample. The results obtained in this study showed that simultaneous determination of some lipophilic vitamins is possible requiring further optimization study. For this reason, it is necessary to understand this work as an initial step in simultaneous determination of lipophilic vitamins without application of any chromatographic technique.
Quality assessment of juice prepared from different varieties of currant (Ribes L.)
Authors: Mendelová Andrea , Mendel Ľubomí­r , Krajčovič Tomáš , Czako Peter , Mareček Ján , Frančáková Helena
Published: June 2016

In the Slovak Republic currants are traditionally grown species of small fruits mainly in house gardens. Although currently their area is very small compared to the other types of fruit. We can see the importance of growing this genus (Ribes L.) in its good adaptability to climate conditions, in small growing demands and in stable production of nutritionally highly valuable fruit. Currant berries as well as fresh currant juice are characterized by the presence of whole complex of antioxidant active substances. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional quality of currant juice prepared from various species and varieties of genus Ribes (L.). based on the content of their total polyphenols, anthocyanin dyes and antioxidant activity. In work we used varieties Blanka, Primus, Viktória, Heinemannova neskorá, Red Lake, Treny, Jonkheer van Tets, Fertödi, Titania, Triton and Öjebyn. Contents of evaluated components were assessed spectrophotometrically. Total polyphenol content of monitored samples determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method reached values from 1897.43 mg GAE.dm-3 DM to 3712.21 mg GAE.dm-3 DM. The highest one was in juice from variety Primus and the lowest from variety Blanka. In white varieties of currant, the presence of anthocyanin dyes was immeasurable. In varieties of red and black currant anthocyanin dye content achieved values from 1947.64 mg.dm-3 DM (Jonkheer van Tets) to 4161.07 mg.dm-3 DM (Heinemannova neskorá). The antioxidant activity determined by the FOMO method reached values from 4130.42 mg AA.dm-3 DM to 6571.69 mg AA.dm-3 DM. We recorded the highest antioxidant activity in juice of variety Fertödi and the lowest of variety Primus.
Influence of type and shelf-life on two brands complementary food in color, vitamins, and sensory evaluation
Authors: Sýkora Vladimí­r , Šulcerová Hana , Mihok Michal , Pytel Roman
Published: June 2016

The aim of our study was to measure the color by system CIELAB, sensory analysis, and determination of vitamins in children vegetable complementary feeding (carrot, vegetable mix) with the option to extend shelf life from eighteen to twenty-one months. Complementary children food was obtained from private factory in the Czech Republic. In this research there were used only carrot and vegetable mix samples. To determine the color changes by system CIELAB and determination of vitamins, samples of mash were analyzed before filling into jars and sterilization, and then immediately after sterilization. Further analyzes were performed for twenty-one months, with run of every three months (p <0.05). The comparison of color CIELAB parameter L* (lightness) for two process steps: raw mash and sterilized mash; there were significant differences when processing (p <0.0001, r2 = 0.9983). Mainly, the parameter L* (Lightness) showed statistically significant differences in carrot and garden mix (p <0.05). β-carotenes such as provitamin A, is in food of plant origin stable substance in the absence of air. Storing time had significant influence on contain of β-carotenes, the mean content during twenty-one months was 0.862 mg.100g-1 (p <0.05, r2 = 0.2300). There were no significant differences in dark storing (p >0.05, r2 = 0.1097). The sensory evaluation showed statistical differences in all descriptors (color saturation, uniformity of color, consistency and homogeneity) (p <0.05) in course of months of storage time and storage conditions (daylight-dark). The results can be recommended to manufacturers, extending the period of minimum shelf life of the required three months to twenty-one months due to instability as characteristics of color and textural properties which were obtained.
The Entrepreneurial Process Networks as a New Theoretical Framework for Understanding and Analyzing the Practice of Creating a New Business Venture
Authors: Al-Zoubi Mohammad Orsan
Published: June 2016

The major methodological gap is that most recent entrepreneurial studies are focusing on the causes or consequences of creating new business ventures rather than the process in which the entrepreneurship is generated, formulated, developed and implemented in the first place. Reviewing the extant literature has revealed that most studies of entrepreneurial process focused on two main different approaches: the entrepreneurial stages approach and the entrepreneurial networks approach. To bridge the gap between these different approaches this paper is aimed to introduce the Entrepreneurial Process Networks (EPN) as a new theoretical framework for understanding the effect of formal and informal networks on entrepreneurial process. EPN is derived from combining the advantages of the entrepreneurial process in stages (vertical) and the entrepreneurial networks approach (horizontal) which is located within a larger system idea of dynamic and interdependency. Our assumption here is that different formal and informal networks participate across entrepreneurial stages by influencing each other and giving accumulative outcomes for the whole entrepreneurial process. EPN would be a helpful methodology for future entrepreneurial research that enables an entrepreneur or practitioner to understand why the process of creating new business venture may succeed or fail to produce effective performance or predictable outcomes, as well as enabling the entrepreneur to start, develop and manage social networks as the holders to valuable resources such as: knowledge, information, skills and capital which entrepreneur really needs to achieve its objectives.
Supplement 1
Authors: - -
Published: June 2016

The 10th Norwegian Conference on Epidemiology