bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Por uma proposta baudrillardiana em psicossomática e psicanálise contemporâneas: algumas ponderações concernentes aos fenômenos corpo e alma na obra Da sedução
Authors: Robles Fernando Luís Pereira
Published: April 2016

Resumo Jean Baudrillard, pensador francês contemporâneo, apresenta críticas instigantes à Psicanálise e à sociedade atuais, sua original teoria pode vir a contribuir significativamente em releituras de práticas e conceitos do modo como se desenvolve o cuidado em Saúde (Psicanálise e Psicossomática, mais estritamente abordadas aqui). Seu conceito de sedução conjuga-se com a crítica laplanchiana ao abandono da teoria da sedução frente à teoria da sexualidade, nos primórdios dos desenvolvimentos teóricos freudianos; ambas noções entrecruzadas podem possibilitar substantiva transvaloração de conceitos, quando articuladas com linhas psicanalíticas e psicossomáticas ortodoxas, podendo vir a impactar virtuosamente em práticas clínicas e sociais das mesmas.
Racismo de Estado e tanatopolítica: reflexões sobre os jovens e a lei
Authors: Scisleski Andrea Cristina Coelho , Silva Jhon Lennon Caldeira da , Galeano Giovana Barbieri , Bruno Bruna Soares , Santos Suyanne Nayara dos
Published: April 2016

Resumo O presente artigo busca discutir, a partir de pesquisa realizada no contexto de Campo Grande/Brasil, as políticas públicas dirigidas a jovens em conflito com a lei, tomando como operadores de análise os conceitos de racismo de Estado e de tanatopolítica, a partir do referencial teórico de Michel Foucault e de Giorgio Agamben, respectivamente. O texto discute como as políticas públicas vêm sendo destinadas a esses jovens, tanto pelas práticas que as implementam quanto pelas suas falhas e não cumprimento, vezes em que abandonam e desprotegem essa população. O debate centra-se em uma reflexão sobre a condição em que os jovens se encontram a partir de ações jurídico-políticas que os inserem em termos de vivência pela exclusão social. As reflexões finais do estudo apontam para uma forma de gestão não apenas da vida, mas também da morte desses jovens, que os mantém em uma situação de marginalidade, porém tutelada pelo Estado.
Trechos selecionados da aula Anti-Édipoe outras reflexões
Authors: Amaral Leonardo Francisco
Published: April 2016

Resumo O presente texto corresponde à primeira parte de uma aula que versa sobre os principais temas encontrados n’O anti-Édipo, de Deleuze e Guattari. O tom adotado por Deleuze é coloquial, e as intervenções, por vezes, enfáticas. O conteúdo destas não é sempre discernível, fato que não compromete em nada a compreensão dos problemas colocados, e nem a atmosfera de tais momentos. Desde o início, pela distinção dos grandes tipos de interpretação da psicose, somos apresentados à célebre concepção de três linhas abstratas (de naturezas bastante distintas); tema que percorre toda a Esquizoanálise. Há a homenagem a Karl Jaspers, e a identificação de uma vertente predecessora. Há os exemplos literários, que fomentam a tentativa de resgate da dignidade ao delírio, e àqueles que com ele travam um embate. Há a firmação de sua potência (“delira-se o mundo”), bem como as críticas à psicanálise, consequências desses posicionamentos.
Terminação de novilhos Nelore, castrados e não castrados, em confinamento com dieta alto grão
Authors: DIAS Alexandre Menezes , OLIVEIRA Leonardo Batista de , ÍTAVO Luís Carlos Vinhas , MATEUS Rogério Gonçalves , GOMES Eva Nara Oliveira , COCA Fabiane Ortiz do Carmo Gomes , ÍTAVO Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira , NOGUEIRA Ériklis , MENEZES Bruna Biava de , MATEUS Rodrigo Gonçalves
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar a terminação de novilhos Nelore, castrados e não castrados, em confinamento recebendo dieta alto grão, por meio do consumo de nutrientes, desempenho produtivo e viabilidade econômica da dieta. Foram utilizados 180 animais da raça Nelore, distribuídos em dois tratamentos (castrados e não castrados), com 90 animais por tratamento, com peso médio inicial de 415,64kg, recebendo dieta alto grão, constituída de 85% de milho grão e 15% de núcleo mineral-proteico-energético. O período experimental foi de 63 dias, sendo 15 dias para adaptação as dietas e 48 dias de confinamento. Houve efeito significativo para os consumos de nutrientes (P<0,05), apresentando médias de consumos de matéria seca de 7,60 e 7,96kg para animais castrados e não castrados. Houve efeito para as variáveis de desempenho produtivo em função da classe sexual (castrado e não castrado). Os animais não castrados apresentaram maiores (P<0,05) peso de abate, ganho de peso, peso de carcaça quente, rendimento de carcaça e melhor conversão alimentar quando comparados aos animais castrados terminados em confinamento recebendo dieta alto grão. Os animais castrados apresentaram maior espessura de gordura que os animais não castrados, de 4,80 e 3,40mm, respectivamente. Os animais não castrados apresentaram margem de lucro/animal de R$ 256,00 e os castrados de R$ 202,80. Recomenda-se a terminação de novilhos Nelore em confinamento recebendo dieta alto grão. Os animais não castrados apresentaram maior ganho de peso e lucro no sistema de terminação em confinamento recebendo dieta alto grão.
Perforation of gastric cancer - What should the surgeon do?
Authors: Ignjatovic Nebojsa , Stojanov Dragan , Djordjevic Miodrag , Ignjatovic Jelena , Benedeto Stojanov Daniela , Milojkovic Bobana
Published: April 2016

Perforation represents a rare and severe complication of gastric cancer (GC) with a large hospital mortality (8-82%). The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical-pathological features in patients with perforated gastric cancer (PGC) and to advise the surgical treatment options. A total of 11 patients with PGC were retrospectively reviewed among 376 consecutive cases of GC operated. The clinical-pathological features including tumor stage, survival, and the type of treatment were observed. The perforation was more frequent in stage III (8 patients) and in stage IV (3 patients), but none of the cases in stage I and II GC were observed. All the patients had serosal invasion and lymph node metastasis. Limited lymphadenectomy (D0, D1) was performed in 5 patients, and extended lymphadenectomy (D2, D3) in 3 patients. Emergency gastrectomy was performed in 8 (72.8%) patients, subtotal gastrectomy in 5 (45.5%), and total gastrectomy in 3 (27.2%) cases. Three (27.2%) patients were treated by simple closure with omental patch. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 46%. The survival rate was higher among the patients who underwent curative resection (75.77±68.88 days) than in those who underwent simple closure with omental patch (18.00±24.43 days). The difference between the treatments in these groups was significant (p < 0.05). PGC required surgical emergency. Curative resection improved long-term survival in the patients with potentially curable gastric malignancy. Unsuccessful outcomes after PGC could be attributed to the poor condition of the patients and the advanced disease stage.
Regular Expressions: The Build Study Vignette
Authors: Wesley David
Published: April 2016

The author creates a fictional vignette to illustrate how a medical director can use data analysis to help review cases comparing attending physician statement (APS) values for build vs those reported by the paramedical examiners for the same lives. In this first of two articles, a method for extracting suitable data is explored.
Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome White Matter Changes and Cognitive Dysfunction
Authors: Dess Mary , Heidenreich Wayne F.
Published: April 2016

This case report describes a 52-year-old, female applicant for long term-care insurance with a history of an autoimmune connective tissue disease initially diagnosed as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Over several years, the signs and symptoms evolved into a clear diagnosis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (PSS). The specific criteria for this diagnosis are reviewed including the symptoms, antinuclear antibodies (ANA), extractable nuclear antigen antibodies (ENA), abnormal salivary scintigraphy and positive Schirmer test. Symptoms of neuropathy and the possibility of a cognitive dysfunction are discussed as part of PSS. The association of white matter lesions (WML) with PSS is significant for underwriting consideration.
A poética do descentramento em Clarice Lispector
Authors: Nuñez Carlinda Fragale Pate
Published: April 2016

Resumo: O bonômio leitura/escritura pode atuar como desmascarador dos preconceitos fono-logo-etnocêntrico por que se pauta a cultura ocidental. Esta problemática organiza estrutural e tematicamente o conto "A antiga dama", de Clarice Lispector, através da cadeia de significantes constituida por mulher/velhice/morte/odores, de cuja análise emerge um verdadeiro processo de revanche escritural.Résumé: Le binóme lecture/écriture peut actuer comme révélateur du pré-concevoir phono-logo-ethnocentrique qui règle la culture occidental. Cette problématique vient organisée structurelle et thématiquement dans le conte "A antiga dama", de Clarice Lispector, par la chaîne de signifiants formée par femme/veillesse/mort/odeurs, dont l'analyse conduit a un vrai process de revanche scripturel.
Chapeuzinho vermelho, chapeuzinho amarelo: uma menina, duas histórias
Authors: Walty Ivete Lara Camargos , Campos Maria Helena Rabelo
Published: April 2016

Resumo: Leitura comparatica das estórias a partir de sua relação intertextual, de suas constantes e variantes e das diferentes vozes que nelas ressoam.Résumé: Lecture comparative des récits à partir de leur rapport intertextuel, de leurs constantes et de leurs variantes et de différented voix qui résonnent en eux.
Tradução, paráfrase, paródia colagem em Manuel Bandeira
Authors: Guimarães Valmiki Villela
Published: April 2016

Resumo: Esta pesquisa aponta categorias do processo de carnavalização, com tradução, paráfrase, paródia e colagem, usadas por Manuel Bandeira em sua poética.Résumé: Cette recherche essaie de dégager, dans la poétique de Manuel Bandeira, des catégories du processes de carnavalisation employées par l'auteur, telles que la traduction, la paraphrase, la parodie et le collage.
O mapa e a ampulheta
Authors: Almeida Ana Maria De
Published: April 2016

Resumo: Reflexões sobre as categorias de tempo e de espaço, a partir de O livro de areia , de Jorge Luis Borges, e de A casa verde, de Mario Vargas Llosa.Résumé: Réflexions sur les catégories de temps et d'espace, à partir de O livro de areia, de Jorge Luis Borges et de A casa verde, de Mario Vargas Llosa.
Haroldo de Campos- turgimano a mano no aleph (Entrevista)
Authors: Dolabela Marcelo
Published: April 2016

Indo na trilha do próprio (transcriador) transcrito que disse "o melhor leitor é o tradutor", diria que "o melhor ouvinte é o que transcreve o texto ouvido".Fiz tal exercício ouvir/transcrever (e ver) com o depoimento, gravado em vídeo, que Harolcio de Campos deu ao corpo editorial da revista Fahranheit 451 e à Profa Eneida Maria de Souza, durante o 2o Simpósio da Literatura Comparada, realizado em Belo Horizonte, em outubro de 1986. Este ato se assemelhou a uma transcrição da um texto de Guimarães Rosa lido por E.E. Cummings; os vários tons e semi-tons, os lapsos tradução por tradição, as veredas-surpresas, tudo se mistura ao próprio narrar. Busquei a fidelidade incerta ao ouvido. Como um grafita; num dos muros da cidade, "Vivi, sou louco por ti", que teva por ti, num lance do acaso, apagado, diria "ouvi, sou louco", ou melhor, "ouvi, isto é pouco?"Marcelo Dolabela
"O informe de Brodie" , reflexões sobre a tradução
Authors: Mendes Nancy Maria
Published: April 2016

Resumo: A partir da análise do conto "O informe de Brodie" de J.L. Borgee, que nos remete a outros textos do Autor, são apresentadas aqui algumas reflexões sobre os diversos aspectos da tradução.Résumé: A partir de l'analyse du conte "O informe de Brodie", de J.L. Borges, qui renvoie à d'autres textee de l'Auteur, nous présentons ici quelques réflexione sur plusieurs aspects de la traduction.
Tradução e intertextualidade
Authors: Miranda Wander Melo
Published: April 2016

Resumo: Discussão das teorias sobre tradução de Jakobson, Walter Benjamin e Haroldo de Campos, tendo-se em vista a relação das mesmas com o conceito de intertextualidade.Résumé: Discussion des théories sur la traduction de Jakobson, de Walter Benjamin et d'Haroldo de Campos, en considérant le rapport de ces théories avec le concept d'intertextualité.
Identidade e ruptura no teatro do negro
Authors: Martins Leda Maria
Published: April 2016

Resumo: Estudo da problemática de contrução da identidade do negro revelada numa dramaturgia, cuja função estética e ideológica apresenta peculiaridades no Brasil e nos EEUU.Résumé: Etude de la problématique de la construction de l'identité du Noir dans une dramaturgie, dont la fonction esthétique et idéogique se présente au Brésil et aux Etats-Unis d'une façon particullère.
A música produzida pela criança
Authors: Santos Rafael Anderson G. , Lucas Glaura
Published: April 2016

Resumo: Reflexão sobre a importância das criações musicais infantis, a partir de exemplos de músicas e letras compostas por crianças.Résumé: Réflexion sur l'importance des créations musicales enfantis, à partir d'un échantillon de chansons et paroles composées par des enfants.
Spatial and temporal variations in the accuracy of meteorological drought indices
Authors: Yuan S. , Quiring S. M. , Patil S.
Published: April 2016

Meteorological drought indices are commonly calculated using data from weather stations and then interpolated to create a map of moisture conditions. These maps are used to communicate drought information to decision makers and the general public. This study analyzes five of the factors (drought index, interpolation method, seasonality, climate region, and station density) that influence the accuracy of these maps. This study compared the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) using data from the Cooperative Observer Network (COOP) and United States Historical Climatology Network (USHCN). The accuracy of the drought maps varied significantly over time and space. The most significant factor affecting the accuracy of the meteorological drought maps was seasonality. Errors were higher in regions (e.g., southeastern U.S.), and months (e.g., summer), dominated by convective precipitation. The choice of interpolation method also had an influence. We found that Ordinary Kriging (OK) performed better than Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) in all cases and therefore it was recommended for interpolating drought indices. Not surprisingly, maps that were created using more stations (COOP) were more accurate. The normalized errors of SPI and SPEI were very similar and so the choice of drought index had little impact on the accuracy of the drought maps.
MISI EMANSIPATORIS PENYELENGGARAAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Zuhriyah Indah Aminatuz
Published: April 2016

In facing the complexity of life, the process and the education system are not free from some problems such as political problem, economic problem social problem, cultural problem, and religious problem. The choices of functions which are given priority depend on the outcome of the interaction process and the education system with its environment. Facing the reality, the important thing to notice is to restore the initial orientation of the Islamic education itself, namely by providing emancipatory liberation or a mission for every human being. So with the education, people are able to realize the ideal of the Islamic education namely being a man of Muslim plenary.
PENGEMBANGAN KOMPETENSI GURU PENDIDIKAN DASAR PASCA SERTIFIKASI
Authors: Nofrita Dewi
Published: April 2016

In order to achieve basic education goals, so the development of teachers and other educator are developed to improve the quality of education throughout the country. Education is improved and integrated cohesively in adequate amounts quality. Furthermore, the basic education of teachers is required to work regularly and consistently, but being creative in facing the job and stability in the works, should be personal characteristics. So, this pattern of this work’s type is inspired by learners by learners as education, since the stability and personal integration does not happen by itself, but growing through a process of education which is deliberately created.
PERAN GURU DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM BERWAWASAN MULTIKULTURAL
Authors: Fauziah Nur
Published: April 2016

In the context of religious education, multicultural paradigm is the main foundation organizing of teaching and learning process. Religious education requires more than just curriculum transformation, it also changes in the religious perspective of an exclusive view into multicultural outlook, or at least to maintain the views and attitudes of an inclusive and pluralism. Realized or not, these groups are culturally and ethnically distinct advance religion, often the victims of racism and impact of the larger society. Therefore, Islamic religious education as a discipline which include the national education have a duty to inculcate awareness of the differences, considering Islam is the majority religion in Indonesia, the postscript is a multi religious country. Growing awareness of religious diversity, required in the new format in the Islamic religious education with teaching multicultural vision. Islamic religious education learning brings a multicultural vision of dialogic approaches to inculcate awareness of living together in diversity and difference. This learning is built on the spirit of equality relationships, mutual trust, mutual understanding and appreciating the similarities, differences and uniqueness, as well as interdepedensi. This is an innovation and an integral and comprehensive reform in charge of religious education that is free of prejudice, racism, ambiguous and stereotyping. Religious education provides recognition of multicultural vision of plurality, learning tool for cross-border encounters, and the indoctrination transform to dialogue.
PERAN KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN BUDAYA MADRASAH
Authors: Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: April 2016

The leadership of madrasa plays an important role in improving strong madrasa culture since such culture is influenced by how far the leadership of madrasa guides this school activities, both tangible and intangible guiding to establish strong madrasa culture. The strong madrasa culture can be established by four dimensions, namely commitment, capability, cohesion, and consistency. The role of such leadership in improving strong madrasa culture is a series of precess from the entirely madrasa organizational systems.
The leadership role of madrasa in developing madrasa culture are to articulate the madrasa vision an mission, the values an belief within madrasa organizational, to create the madrasa symbol which is able to strengthen the unique of madrasa school organizational, to establish such reward system based on the norm and value of madrasa, to build the social and emotional relationship among teacher, student, and society based on the commitment and its mission and to design the structural of madrasa
Keywords: leadership, developing, madrasa culture
PENGGUNAAN KOMPUTER UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Sakir Abdus
Published: April 2016

Right now, there are many schools that have computers for learning media. However, the computers application in schools is more useful for extracurricular, laboratory learning, and even just for ‘exhibition’ that is not used for daily learning in class. Many schools do not use computers application maximally for mathematics learning. Whereas, computers application for mathematics learning is better to guide students to achieve their result learning, this reason is according of the various research of education.
Key word: Computers, Application, Learning, Mathematics
Ilmu Sebagai Prosedur (Metode Memperoleh Pengetahuan Ilmiah)
Authors: Maskhuroh Lailatul
Published: April 2016

Knowledge always develops from the beginning until now. It is appears immediately along with the process of human thinking. At fist knowledge is gained by the way of informal process of thinking, not related with existing methods. Then various changes have been done by fiures that appear
after doing organized towards knowledge that found by them. In the next development, human being makes knowledge as the result of thinking which is defiitely scientifi and is appropriate with procedure of human thinking
that mentioned in the rules of the syllogism think. From several methods of obtaining knowledge, among of them are rasionaslime method, empiric, phenomenalism, intusionalism, and scientifi method, while elements in
the scientifi method as scientifi research among other through several procedures, such as formulation of problem, proposing a hypothesis, testing a hypothesis with empirical fact, and making a decision.
Keywords : Science, Procedure, Knowledge, and Scientifi Method.
Pendidikan Kesehatan Dan Aplikasinya di SD/MI
Authors: Widodo Bintoro
Published: April 2016

Health education is part of the overall efforts of health (promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative) which focuses on efforts to increase healthy living behaviors. In the concept of health education is an effort to inflence /
encourage others (individuals, groups and communities) in order to behave in a healthy life. Operationally in health education are all activities to provide / improve the knowledge, attitudes and practices of communities
in maintaining and improving health. Health education is synonymous with health counseling because both of them are expected behavior changeoriented which is healthy behaviors, so it has the ability to recognize health
problems himself, his family and his group in improving health. Health education is a part of health promotion is a process to improve the ability of communities to maintain and improve their health and not just relate themselves to increase the knowledge, attitudes and practices of health, but also increase or improve the environment (both physical and non-physical) in order to maintain and improve health.
Keywords: health education, school, environment.
Da Filosofia à História: uma educação em movimento
Authors: Sanfelice José Luís
Published: April 2016

Quando saí do Seminário Arquidiocesano Maria Imaculada, localizado em Brodowski/SP, comecei a explorar o mundo laico que praticamente desconhecia. Era o ano de 1966.
Educação e a fenomenologia da natureza: o método de Goethe
Authors: Bach Junior Jonas
Published: April 2016

Este artigo apresenta o método da fenomenologia da natureza de Goethe, seus principais conceitos e procedimentos. Sua fenomenologia é um processo de autoeducação do pesquisador. As percepções são aperfeiçoadas através da observação fenomenológica. As reflexões interagem com o fenômeno na ordenação congruente dos dados observados. O sujeito exercita seu aprendizado no julgamento através do objeto e na versatilidade de suas representações mentais. A evidência do fenômeno pressupõe a execução deste método participativo. A formação [Bildung] do sujeito é um processo permanente de aprimoramento da subjetividade na sua interatividade com os fenômenos da natureza.
Studies on Development of Curd by Using Lemon Juice as Starter Culture
Authors: Bhat Asif Ahmad , Choudhary Sanjay , Ahmed Abrar , Para Parveez Ahmad , Dar Muneer Ahmad , Farooq Javid , Choudhary Yamini , Sharma Neha , Ganguly Subha
Published: April 2016

The present study was conducted to appraise the possibility of utilisation of lemon juice as a starter culture for the development of lemon juice fermented curd and optimize its level to be incorporated as starter culture for the preparation of curd. To select a lemon juice starter culture at its optimum desirable level, three different levels viz., 2.5, 5 and 7.5% along with control of commercial starter culture were used to prepare curd. Among different treatments, 5% level of lemon juice was adjudged optimum for the preparation of lemon juice fermented curd and imparted beneficial effects on sensory, physicochemical and microbiological properties of curd.
Food Allergy
Authors: Ranjitha D. , Alosius A.
Published: April 2016

Food Allergen Labelling and Consumer Protection Act (FALCPA 2004) will improve food labelling information for the millions of consumers who suffer from food allergies. The act will be especially helpful to children who must learn to recognize the allergens they must avoid. This act estimated that approximately 2 % of adults and about 5 % of infants and young children in the United States suffer from food allergies and each year, roughly 30,000 individuals require emergency room treatment and 150 individuals die because of allergic reactions to food. Food allergy defined as an immune system reaction that occurs soon after eating a certain food. This happens because their immune system over reacts to the proteins in that food. Even a tiny amount of the allergy causing food can trigger signs and symptoms such as digestive problems, hives or swollen airways. In some people, a food allergy can cause severe symptoms or even a life-threatening reaction known as anaphylaxis. It's easy to confuse a food allergy with a much more common reaction known as food intolerance. While bothersome, food intolerance is a less serious condition that does not involve the immune system. As per FALCPA law, eight types of food allergy causing foods listed. They are milk, egg, fish, shellfish, tree nut, peanut, soybeans and wheat. In this chapter briefly discuss about this eight food allergens.
Iron and Zinc Bioaccessibility from Sprouted, Malted and Fermented Grains as Influenced by Disodium EDTA
Authors: Shweatha H. E. , Platel Kalpana
Published: April 2016

In view of the widespread prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies, there is a need to evolve food-based strategies to enhance their bioavailability from predominantly vegetarian diets. Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid (EDTA), a known metal chelator, has been previously found to enhance the bioaccessibility of iron and zinc from fortified millet flours. The present investigation was undertaken to examine the effect of EDTA on the bioaccessibility of iron and zinc from germinated, fermented and malted food grains. EDTA was added to the processed foods at molar ratios of 1:1, 1:1.5 and 1:2, relative to inherent iron and zinc content. EDTA significantly enhanced the bioaccessibility of iron from all the processed foods examined, this beneficial effect being highly significant in the germinated and malted grains and significantly higher than the effect of the processing method per se. In the fermented foods, the effect of EDTA was to a lesser extent, except in the case of dhokla, where it was significant. EDTA significantly increased the bioaccessibility of zinc from malted grains, but this increase was only marginal in germinated and fermented grains. Germinated and fermented foods are a common part of Indian diets and are widely consumed, while malted grains find use in the preparation of weaning and geriatric foods. The results of this investigation have shown that EDTA could be used as an enhancer of bioaccessibility of iron and zinc from such traditionally processed foods. This strategy could also be adopted at the household level to improve mineral bioavailability from foods.
Prevalence and Risk of Osteoporosis and Cardiovascular Disease in Rajasthani Post Menopausal Women
Authors: Husain Shazia , Bhatnagar Vibha
Published: April 2016

Osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are a major growing public health problem with impact that crosses medical, social and economic lines. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk of osteoporosis and CVD in post menopausal women. A cross sectional study was conducted on 322 post menopausal women aged 45-55 years residing in Udaipur city, Rajasthan. Risk of osteoporosis in subjects was assessed using Osteoporosis Self Assessment Tool for Asian (OSTA) and risk of CVD was determined using CVD risk assessment tool. The body weight and age of subjects were calculated for the OSTA index sore. Total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, diastolic blood pressure and smoking habits of subjects were assessed for CVD risk score. Results of OSTA assessment revealed that 24.22 % respondents were at medium risk of osteoporosis whereas results of CVD assessment showed that a large number of subjects i.e. 82.91 % were at medium risk of CVD. Combining both the assessment scores of subjects, 23.91 % post menopausal women were found at medium risk of both osteoporosis and CVD. Study showed a lower prevalence of osteoporosis having medium risk and higher prevalence of CVD having moderate risk in post menopausal women. The findings suggest that more studies should be done on these at risk population for preventive and therapeutic interventions.
Nutrition and Fertility and Human Reproductive Function
Authors: Sylvia Subapriya M.
Published: April 2016

The book on Nutrition, Fertility and Human Reproductive Function is rather a treatise to the whole life approach to the link between nutrition and reproductive function in humans.
Effects of Multicomponent Adsorption on Enhanced Shale Reservoir Recovery by CO2 Injection Coupled with Reservoir Geomechanics
Authors: Yang S. , Wei Y. , Chen Z. , Wu W. , Xu J.
Published: April 2016

Shale gas reservoirs have a high total organic content (TOC) and are composed of a lot of microspores, which result in a high content of adsorbed gas. Laboratory and theoretical calculations show that the adsorption potential of CO2 in shale is higher than that of CH4. In other words, the shales prefer adsorbing CO2 to CH4. Therefore, during CO2 injection, the adsorbed CH4 is released by CO2 adsorption, even in a high reservoir pressure. Several models have been studied to describe the pure and multicomponent adsorption on shale. The Langmuir and extended Langmuir models are usually applied in reservoir simulators, because other models are more complex and not applicable to be coupled into a simulator. In this work, a simulation study is carried out to investigate the effects of gas adsorption on primary recovery and CO2 enhanced recovery processes.

Dual permeability, logarithmically spaced, locally refined grids are implemented to model natural and hydraulic fractures and to capture the sensitive changes of multicomponent adsorption. Reservoir pressure variation is coupled with a geomechanical module that updates porosity, permeability and fracture conductivity simultaneously at each time step. A multicomponent mixture on the basis of lab measured adsorption properties of the Eagle Ford shale are implemented into a reservoir simulator. Both primary recovery and CO2 huff-n-puff processes are investigated.

The simulation results show multicomponent adsorption behaviors of extended Langmuir model can slightly increase the well performance in the primary recovery. However, the adsorption behavior is more complex during CO2 injection processes. This study highlights the effect of multicomponent adsorption on gas production during CO2 cycling, and provides an optimal enhanced recovery strategy for shale gas reservoir.
Modeling Clay Swelling Induced Conductivity Damage in Hydraulic Fractures
Authors: Sanaei Alireza , Shakiba Mahmood , Varavei Abdoljalil , Sepehrnoori Kamy
Published: April 2016

Hydraulic fracturing is the most effective technique used to stimulate very low permeability reservoirs. A significant body of literature on hydraulic fracturing has been primarily devoted to optimization of fracture propagation and proppant placement. However, the chemical interactions between fracturing fluid and rock matrix have not received much attention. Clay swelling is one of the well-known undesirable interactions of this kind. If clay swelling occurs on the surface of hydraulic fractures, it can cause a major damage to the conductivity of the fractures. Thus, a detailed understanding of clay stability issue is essential for fracturing fluid selection and operation planning.

In this study, a mechanistic approach was presented to model clay swelling as a function of fracturing fluid salinity, formation brine composition, and clay mineralogy. UTCOMP_IPhreeqc, a coupled multiphase reactive-transport simulator developed at The University of Texas at Austin, was used to comprehensively model this process. Double diffusive layer mechanism was applied to capture clay volume expansion. In each time step of the simulation, the volume expansion of clay materials exposed on the fracture surface was used to modify the fracture aperture. Then the permeability of hydraulic fracture cells was re-calculated using a desired function. In order to determine the production loss due to the conductivity damage, the cumulative production was measured at a constant pressure drop along the hydraulic fracture. To illustrate the application of this approach, a simplified numerical simulation example was presented. The example model represented a typical lab-scale core flood experiment with one induced fracture. A sensitivity study was performed on fracturing fluid concentration. The damaged conductivity was measured when fracturing fluid salinity was reduced to zero (fresh water). The simulation results indicated a substantial conductivity damage when fresh water was injected. In this example, a maximum of 30% production loss was observed due to fracture blockage. Thus, for various fluid compositions and shale mineralogies separate analyses are required. The presented approach provides a capability to study clay stability in more details. Such analysis can further improve the chemical design of the fracturing fluid to prevent the undesirable rock-water interactions.
Coupled Geomechanics and Fluid Flow Modeling in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: Luo Jia , Wang Kun , Liu Hui , Chen Zhangxin
Published: April 2016

A parallel geomechanics model for describing naturally fractured rock deformation is developed and tightly coupled with a dual porosity/dual permeability black oil model. The geomechanics model is developed with capabilities of modeling both rock matrix and the fracture deformations, as well as their effects on reservoir properties. An advanced constitutive law with the fracture deformation mechanism is proposed. The multiphase flow model is modified by introducing geomechanical variables. The matrix porosity and fracture permeability are chosen as coupling parameters between geomechanics and fluid flow models. An iteratively coupling method is employed in order to fully capture interactions between solid and flow. Moreover, parallel computing is employed to handle large scale problems by benefiting from its features of distributed memory storage and efficient runtime reduction. Geomechanical effects on the reservoir pressure distribution are illustrated by a numerical experiment. In addition, for testing the scalability behavior, a large scale problem with millions of grid blocks is performed on multiple processors. The result shows an encouraging speedup which indicates the integrated model can be an efficient and useful tool for predicting and analyzing oil/gas production of naturally fractured reservoirs.
Lithologies and Petrophysical Characteristics of the Upper Cretaceous Baxter Shale Gas Reservoir, Canyon Creek Field, Sweetwater County, Wyoming
Authors: Longman Mark , Dahlberg Katie , Yared Katerina
Published: April 2016

The Baxter Shale, stratigraphically equivalent to the Cody, Steele, and Mancos shales of Wyoming, was deposited in the Western Interior Seaway about 90 to 85 million years ago. In Canyon Creek Field, it consists of about 2700 ft of dominantly carbonate-rich, siliceous and illitic marine siltstones and shales. Siltstone beds range in thickness from a single layer of grains to ~3 cm and are separated by shalier beds in coarsening-upward packages that average about 200 ft thick in the upper part of the Baxter and are correlative for miles. Bioturbation ranges from non-existent to minor in most beds. The thinnest planar siltstone beds represent dominantly hypopycnal flow or eolian dust whereas the thicker beds contain ripple laminae and were deposited by bottom currents including hyperpycnal flows. In Canyon Creek Field, the total organic carbon content ranges from 1.5 to 2.3 wt% in the thermally mature (>1.4% Ro) shales and from 0.25 to 0.75 wt% in the siltstones. Measured porosities in both the shales and siltstones are typically 4.5 to 7.5% with low matrix permeabilities ranging from about 80 to 700 nanodarcies.

Lying between the sandstones of the Frontier and Blair, the Baxter Shale appears to be gas-charged throughout its thickness in Canyon Creek Field. The entire Baxter interval is highly overpressured (0.72 to 0.88 psi/ft) and exhibits fair to excellent shows of gas during drilling against mud weights of 13 to 17 pounds per gallon. Multi-stage hydraulic fracture stimulation of this interval along with the underlying Dakota and Frontier sandstones allows vertical wells to be completed with IPs of 1 to 5 MMCFGPD. The best production generally comes from the silt-rich intervals as determined with production logs, but the extremely thin-bedded character of the siltstones and shale complicates petrophysical interpretation and quantification of gas in place. Natural fractures in the Baxter are mostly cemented with calcite and quartz, but localized open fractures may enhance production.

Despite the significant overpressure and encouraging shows of gas, Baxter drilling results in four horizontal wells located in and around Canyon Creek Field during 2007 and 2008 have been disappointing with cumulative production of less than 0.5 BCF/well over about 8 years. This is even less than several of the vertical wells in the field. Optimization of horizontal wellbore orientation, changes in drilling strategy and mud weights, along with improved fracture stimulation techniques are being evaluated with the goal of turning the Baxter resource in Canyon Creek Field into an economic play that may potentially extend across several townships. There is no doubt that the Baxter contains significant amounts of gas but a better strategy for production must be developed to tap this large resource.
Numerical Investigation of Stress-Dependent Fracture Apertures and Their Spatial Variations on Production from Unconventional Gas Reservoirs with Complex Fracture Geometries
Authors: Wang Yuhang , Aryana Saman
Published: April 2016

Uniform distribution of fracture apertures is widely used in reservoir simulation of production from hydraulically fractured unconventional reservoirs. Laboratory experiments, however, reveal that changes in effective stress create uneven distribution of fracture apertures, and this phenomenon has been neglected in most numerical models. This work investigates the impact of pressure dependent fracture apertures during the production process; fracture aperture is explicitly represented and the effect of closure stress is incorporated in a numerical simulation model.

A Discrete Fracture Model (DFM) is implemented using an unstructured Voronoi mesh that captures complex fracture geometries. The effect of fracture aperture with respect to fracture grid size is examined via a case study that includes a vertical well intersecting a single stage hydraulic fracture. The effect of dynamic behavior of fracture aperture due to changes in stress, resulting from rock stiffness and uneven distribution of proppants within primary and induced fractures, is investigated. Fractures are divided into three types, each with its own dynamic response to changes in stress. The impact of matrix permeability on aperture closure is also studied in a reservoir model with multi-stage hydraulic fractures intersecting with induced fractures.

The developed numerical simulator is validated against commercial software. Sensitivity analysis reveals that representation of fractures with exact apertures in numerical simulation produces more accurate results compared with an effective permeability approach, and the difference becomes more pronounced as the matrix permeability decreases. Therefore, it is critical to modify, in the connection list, the length of the interface between each two grids embedding the fracture in accordance with the actual fracture aperture. The dynamic behavior of fracture apertures with respect to closure stress is processed by the numerical simulator as input information. Simulation results indicate that reduction of fracture aperture translates into a decrease of its conductivity, which results in lower production rates. It is observed that fracture closure caused by uneven proppant distribution also plays a significant role in gas production. In addition, formations with lower matrix permeability experience a smaller reduction of gas production caused by stress-dependent fracture apertures.

This work presents a new approach to representing complex fracture geometries with stress-dependent apertures and simulating the process of aperture closure due to changes in stress dynamically. The results provide a better understanding of stress dependence of fracture apertures and their spatial variations on well performance for hydraulically fractured wells.
Improved Oil Recovery IOR Pilot Projects in the Bakken Formation
Authors: Todd Hoffman B. , Evans John G.
Published: April 2016

Unconventional formations such as the Eagle Ford, Niobrara and Bakken have made a significant impact on the oil industry over the last decade, but primary recovery factors are still low, typically less than 10%. The need for improved oil recovery (IOR) has been documented, but most published studies have focused on simulation models and lab tests. The next logical step includes field trials or pilot projects.

Over the last 7-8 years, there have been a number of pilot tests for both water and gas injection in the Bakken. Results from these small pilots were reported to state agencies, and the first part of this paper analyzes the available public data on these pilots. Injectivity of gas or water does not appear to be an issue in the Bakken; however, the projects, in general, show early breakthrough times and poor reservoir sweep efficiencies. Offset wells showed little to no additional oil recovery, but the pilots were limited in scope and duration. Mitigating procedures were not fully implemented to deal with the problems that occurred.

This paper also proposes methodologies for implementing second generation pilots for unconventional reservoirs. Methods are devised to improve understanding of the near well formation before injection starts, detect where fluids are entering and leaving along the lateral and correct for any associated poor sweep efficiency. We also propose long term information collecting strategies and contingency plans to deal with difficulties that may arise during the pilot.

Using EOR to increase recovery from unconventional oil fields is important for the continued success of these plays, and this paper provides a thorough analysis of implementing IOR pilots in these fields.
Modeling the removal of Sunfix Red S3B from aqueous solution by electrocoagulation process using artificial neural network
Authors: Manh Ha
Published: April 2016

This study presents an application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to
predict the dye removal efficiency (color and chemical oxygen demand value)
of Electrocoagulation process from Sunfix Red S3B aqueous solution. The
Bayesian regulation algorithm was applied to train the networks with
experimental data including five factors: pH, current density, sulphate
concentration, initial dye concentration (IDC), and electrolysis time. The
predicting performance of the ANN models was validated through the low root
mean square error value (9.844 %), mean absolute percentage error (13.776 %)
and the high determination coefficient value (0.836). Garson, Connection
weight method and neural interpretation diagram were also used to study the
influence of input variables on dye removal efficiency. For decolorization,
the most effective inputs are determined as current density, electrolysis
time and initial pH, while COD removal is found to be strongly affected by
initial dye concentration and sulphate concentration. Through these steps, we
demonstrated ANN?s robustness in modeling and analysis of electrocoagulation
process.
Research of the relationship between the chain length of the dialkyl phosphate ester and the oil-based fracturing fluid viscosity
Authors: Leng Jun , Yi Pan , Yang Shuangchun , Wang Shidong , Adebayo Adewale
Published: April 2016

For the usage of dialkylphosphate as a gelatinizer in oil based fracturing
fluid, there are two methods of preparation involved: 1.The improved
ethylphosphate method is used to control one of the ester chains by using
single alcohol substitute for mixed alcohols; 2.The new method of
polyphosphate is used to control both of ester chains. Different kinds of
alcohols are used as the raw materials in 3?3 orthogonal experiment (ratio of
reactants, reaction temperature and reaction time) to obtain the optimum
reaction conditions. Furthermore, 14 kinds of gelatinizers are produced by
these experiments. The viscosity of the products is used as an evaluation
index. The results based on these two methods show that there is a positive
correlation between the length of dialkylphosphate ester chain and the
viscosity of the fracturing fluid in a certain number of carbon atoms. In
other words, the viscosity of fracturing fluid increased with an increasing
length of the ester chain length, and reached the maximum at C13. Then the
growth slowed down. The viscosity of the products which were produced by the
polyphosphate method has been obviously improved by 7.72%-45.35% at the level
of the other.
Surgical management of maxillary and premaxillary osteomyelitis in a reticulated python (Python reticulatus)
Authors: Latney La'Toya V. , McDermott Colin , Scott Gregory , Soltero-Rivera Maria M. , Beguesse Kyla , Sánchez Melissa D. , Lewis John R.
Published: April 2016

CASE DESCRIPTION A 1-year-old reticulated python (Python reticulatus) was evaluated because of a 2-week history of wheezing and hissing.

CLINICAL FINDINGS Rostral facial cellulitis and deep gingival pockets associated with missing rostral maxillary teeth were evident. Tissues of the nares were swollen, resulting in an audible wheeze during respiration. Multiple scars and superficial facial wounds attributed to biting by live prey were apparent. Radiographic examination revealed bilateral, focal, rostral maxillary osteomyelitis.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME Wound irrigation, antimicrobials, and anti-inflammatory drug treatment resulted in reduced cellulitis. A 3-week regimen that included empirical antimicrobial treatment and improved husbandry resulted in resolution of the respiratory sounds and partial healing of bite wounds, but radiographic evaluation revealed progressive maxillary osteomyelitis. Microbial culture of blood yielded scant gram-positive cocci and Bacillus spp, which were suspected sample contaminants. Bilateral partial maxillectomies were performed; microbial culture and histologic examination of resected bone confirmed osteomyelitis with gram-positive cocci. Treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was initiated on the basis of microbial susceptibility tests. Four months later, follow-up radiography revealed premaxillary osteomyelitis; surgery was declined, and treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was reinstituted. Eight months after surgery, the patient was reevaluated because of recurrent clinical signs; premaxillectomy was performed, and treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was prescribed on the basis of microbial culture of bone and microbial susceptibility testing. Resolution of osteomyelitis was confirmed by CT 11 months after the initial surgery.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Focal maxillectomies and premaxillectomy were successfully performed in a large python. Surgical management and appropriate antimicrobial treatment resulted in a good outcome.