bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Exploratory Study of Incorporating Blogfolios Into a College Writing Course
Authors: Sun Jerry Chih-Yuan , Middlebrook Geoffrey , Khera Otto , Chen Ho-Yuan
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the effectiveness of the customized blog and eportfolio (“blogfolio”) platform, a hybrid tool for teaching advanced undergraduate writing courses at a large research universities in the southwestern U.S. By combining a blogfolio platform and academic writing, this article promotes the development of students' academic community identity and generates a better sense of identity and commitment among them towards their future career in their professional disciplines. The authors reviewed and synthesized articles and theories relevant to educational blogging and digital portfolios. In addition, the authors examined the impacts of the blogfolio on student learning and professional development based on data collected from surveys, blog entries, and server activity logs.
Student Personality Characteristics Differ in MOOCs Versus Blended-Learning University Courses
Authors: Le Ada , Cheng Cho Kin , Joordens Steve
Published: February 2018

This article conveys how online technology in education has become increasingly popular, especially blended-learning and Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). Although, research to date on blended-learning and MOOCs have revealed various factors that contribute to student success; however, systematic research on the personality characteristics of the learner, and how this could affect course performance remains sparse. This article is based off of the authors survey of students in a MOOC and a blended-learning course in Introductory Psychology about various personality characteristics that they believed could influence course performance. The results indicate that students in the MOOC versus blended-learning course exhibit different personality traits, and that these traits are associated with MOOC but not blended-learning course performance. These findings have important implications for fine tuning online teaching techniques to the personality types of the learners, which could improve course performance.
Scaffolding Argumentation in Asynchronous Online Discussion
Authors: Kim Hyun Song , Oh Eunjung Grace
Published: February 2018

Despite its wide usage and pedagogical benefits, asynchronous online discussion in higher education courses does not necessarily lead to students' knowledge-constructing discourse and reflective learning. Integrating argumentation into online discussion can facilitate meaningful learning. In this article, the authors present a framework of Scaffolded Online Dialogic Argumentation (SODA) that they created for designing an asynchronous online discussion. Based on the design framework, the authors developed and implemented an argumentation activity in a graduate-level online course. They then examined participants' perceptions of the pedagogical components of SODA using a qualitative inquiry approach. Findings indicate that students perceive a positive influence of the scaffolded argumentation activity on their learning engagement in online discussion. Implications include suggestions for researchers and practitioners in refining and using SODA for future research and discussion activity design.
The Mediating of Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use
Authors: Mutahar Ahmed Mohammed , Daud Norzaidi Mohd , Thurasamy Ramayah , Isaac Osama , Abdulsalam Rasheed
Published: February 2018

While there are a wide range of business opportunities available via mobile technologies, mobile banking services have not been widely accepted by bank clients in Yemen. This article aims to test the mediation effect of TAM core constructs between the external factor self-efficacy and the intention. Questionnaire survey data collected from Four hundred and eighty-two valid responses from bank clients. SEM via AMOS was utilized to determine the importance levels of associations and interactions between the factors tested. The proposed model evidenced by goodness of fit of the model to the data, explained 81% of the variance in intention. The findings of the multivariate analysis reveal that self-efficacy has had a significantly positive affect on the perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use. In addition, ease of use and usefulness has a positive important direct influence on the intention. Also, usefulness and ease of use mediated the relation between self-efficacy and intention. The results of the current article might give further insights into mobile banking strategies.
Building Initial Trust in an Intermediary in B2C Online Marketplaces
Authors: Hong Ilyoo Barry
Published: February 2018

The author develops and test a consumer trust model for building first-time buyer's trust in an intermediary in Korean online marketplaces. Data was collected via a questionnaire survey using 218 respondents. Results from an empirical analysis indicate that while all the three factors of trustworthiness were found to be a predictor of overall initial trust in the intermediary, ‘integrity' turned out to have the strongest association with overall trust. The author's findings suggest that trustworthiness beliefs and trust are conceptually distinct from each other and that the former is a predictor of the latter. The article offers implications for both academics and practitioners of online marketplaces.
A Three Country Study for Understanding Physicians' Engagement With Electronic Information Resources Pre and Post System Implementation
Authors: Ilie Virginia , Sneha Sweta
Published: February 2018

Deriving the benefits of electronic information resources as provided by electronic medical record systems (EMR) on a global scale is critically dependent on physicians' adoption and continued use of such resources. Yet, there is little known about the factors that motivate physicians to adopt and continue to use electronic information resources. The purpose of this article is to investigate the motivational factors leading to adoption and usage of electronic information resources in diverse regions of the world including developing countries (India and Egypt) and developed countries (the US). Based on the socio-cognitive theory and the decomposed theory of planned behavior, the authors surveyed 314 physicians in three countries in order to assess their engagement with electronic information resources. Data was analyzed via PLS for direct and indirect effects of socio-cognitive constructs and their impact on electronic information resources' use intentions. The authors' results suggest there are similarities as well as differences in factors impacting adoption and usage of electronic information resources pre and post EMR implementation in both developing and developed countries. They found that physicians' perceptions of effort expectations, technological infrastructure and support, and computer self-efficacy were the strongest direct drivers influencing intentions to use electronic information resources both in pre and post-EMR implementations in all three countries that were studied. However, a richer set of factors contributed to physicians' intentions to continue to use electronic information resources, post-EMR, in developed countries as compared to pre-EMR in developing countries. Social influences had a strong indirect effects, influencing physicians' perceptions of effort expectations post-EMR as well as perceptions of performance expectations pre-EMR implementation. Computer self-efficacy was a significant predictor of effort expectations of an electronic information resource both pre and post-EMR implementation while compatibility with physicians' practices significantly influenced performance expectations in both pre and post EMR implementations in all three countries studied. The authors' study provides important theoretical and practical implications for successful management and implementation of electronic information resources such that they are adopted and used in the healthcare environment.
Methodological Research for Modular Neural Networks Based on “an Expert With Other Capabilities”
Authors: Wang Pan , Wang Jiasen , Zhang Jian
Published: February 2018

This article contains a new subnet training method for modular neural networks, proposed with the inspiration of the principle of “an expert with other capabilities”. The key point of this method is that a subnet learns the neighbor data sets while fulfilling its main task: learning the objective data set. Additionally, a relative distance measure is proposed to replace the absolute distance measure used in the classical subnet learning method and its advantage in the general case is theoretically discussed. Both methodology and empirical study of this new method are presented. Two types of experiments respectively related with the approximation problem and the prediction problem in nonlinear dynamic systems are designed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with the classical subnet learning method, the average testing error of the proposed method is dramatically decreased and more stable. The superiority of the relative distance measure is also corroborated.
Technological Innovation
Authors: Su Wan , Xu Xiaobo , Li Yangchun , Martínez-López Francisco J. , Li Ling
Published: February 2018

The Mobile Internet Information Technology (MIIT) has been widely accepted as one of the most promising technologies in the next decades, having various applications and different value positions. However, few published studies explore and examine the effects of MIIT on community management. Based on the Dramaturgical Theory, this article uses a case study method to get an insightful understanding of MIIT. This article found that the MIIT was used by grid organizations to realize technological innovation and change organizational routines and structures, but eventually it was shaped by them, so this new technology was only able to embed itself into the public service model as a secondary or complementary role.
Nanomaterials in Medical Devices: Regulations' Review and Future Perspectives
Authors: Jagiello Karolina , Sosnowska Anita , Mikolajczyk Alicja , Puzyn Tomasz
Published: February 2018

This article gives a brief description of the existing regulations related to biomaterials safety that need to be considered before it is introduced into EU market. According to these regulations, the risk analysis should include two characteristics: probability of occurrence of harm, and severity. Identified user-related harm should be reduced by managing the risk. Additionally, the review presents an overview of engineered biomaterials (EBMs), which in combination with nanoscale components (NPs) have shown promises in Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMP) and Medical Devices (MD). In this article, recent challenges, objectives and perspectives in risk assessment and risk management of ATMP and MD composed of nanobiomaterials were also highlighted.
Hygrothermal Performance of Gypsum Plaster Houses
Authors: Paula P. , Delgado J.M.P.Q.
Published: February 2018

The use of gypsum plaster in building blocks, in Brazil, is still a restricted item, due to lack of knowledge on technology. Another factor that restricts the use of the blocks is the location of the deposits of gypsum, a material that gives rise to the plaster, which are located in the West of the State of Pernambuco, located far from the large consuming centers, potentially located in the southeast of the country. However, the interest in your study is determined by the annual consumption growth that reaches about 8% per year in Brazil. For the development of this study, in particular for Brazil, it is important to analysis the housing deficit in Brazil. The analysis indicates a clear need for new housing construction in the country. Preferably should be chosen simple constructive solutions, fast and easy to implement, without neglecting the comfort and durability. The use of local natural endogenous resources such as gypsum plaster, can be an attractive solution from an environmental point of view as well as economical. Brazil is a very large country with very different climates throughout its regions, so it was made a comprehensive study of the country's climate data and the constructive strategies adopted by NBR15220 and NBR 15575 standards, for each bioclimatic zone, to ensure the minimum comfort conditions. The hygrothermal analysis, reflected on the thermal comfort and night time ventilation in Brazilian gypsum plaster houses, was based on the adaptive model described in ASHRAE 55 and ISO 7730 standards for the evaluation of thermal comfort.
Membrane Technology for Human Health
Authors: Ferreira Tomaz A. , Cardoso Barbosa R. , de Oliveira Pinto M.R. , Barbosa de Lima A.G. , Lia Fook M.V. , Sabino Gutierrez M.A.
Published: February 2018

Membranes are considered to be barriers that separates two phases and that totally or partially restricts the transport of one or several chemical species present in the phases. They have several applications, including food and pharmaceutical industry, sewage treatment, chemical and medical fields. In health area, must present characteristics such as bioactivity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, be non-toxic, anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic, aiming to protect human health, besides having properties related to mechanical resistance, permeability, among others that will depend on the application.
Optimal use of source water protection modelling results
Authors: Carpio G
Published: February 2018

The Source Water Protection (SWP) Program, with the purpose of protecting the surface or groundwater that supplies municipal drinking water systems, has been managing the development of water resources numerical models at various conservation authorities (CAs).
For the Central Lake Ontario Conservation Authority (CLCOA), groundwater models have been developed to support work under Oak Ridges Moraine Conservation Plan (2001), the Clean Water Act (2006) and CLOCA's watershed management program. CLOCA analyzed each dataset and grid results for optimum use in
source protection as well as other CA programs. The grid results were used to calculate water balance for various purposes such as watershed management planning, development plan reviews, and opportunities for low impact developments. Reverse particle tracking path lines provided information to
identify the natural and ecological features that could potentially be impacted by proposed developments and/or land use changes. Other vital grids and theme maps utilized include, but are not limited to, groundwater discharge to streams, ecologically significant groundwater recharge areas and
highly vulnerable aquifers.
In the absence of wellhead protection areas (WHPA) within its jurisdiction, CLOCA has determined that the numerical model development instituted under the SWP Program has more utility for purposes beyond the initial objective of the program. The numerical model products serve as additional
science-based planning tools that are defensible for CA to manage and protect the water resources within its watershed.
The Bells Corner borehole geophysical calibration facility of the Geological Survey of Canada
Authors: Crow H , Brewer K , Cartwright T , Dietiker B , Pugin A J -M , Russell H A J
Published: February 2018

Calibration sites provide important opportunities for the standardization of downhole instrument response. Using quantitative physical properties from borehole cores, calibration adds value to projects by allowing for data consistency from hole-to-hole,
system-to-system, and importantly, over time. The Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) maintains the Bells Corners Calibration Facilities near Ottawa, Canada, which is available to all members of the geophysical logging community.
In the late 1970's and early 1980's, the GSC developed quantitative borehole calibration facilities, consisting of model calibration boreholes for gamma-ray spectral logging probes with known concentrations of potassium (K), uranium (U), and thorium (Th), density calibration blocks for gamma-gamma
tools, and six deep boreholes in Palaeozoic sedimentary (sandstone, dolomite, shale) and Precambrian (granitic) bedrock. The deep boreholes were continuously cored, range in depth from 120 - 300 m, and are sited within a 10 to 100 m triangular configuration for cross-hole capabilities. The published
downhole log suite includes spectral gamma-ray, density, neutron, induced polarization (IP), self potential (SP), resistivity, acoustic velocity, magnetic susceptibility, and fluid temperature. In recent years, new GSC calibration datasets have been collected in these wells including high-resolution
televiewer imaging, acoustic velocities, and high-resolution temperature and fluid conductivity.
An effort is underway to update downhole and petrophysical core measurements, maintain standardization for traditional downhole instruments, and conduct demonstration projects with newly developed downhole instruments so that sites remain relevant to members of the groundwater, geotechnical, and
extractive sectors.
A chemostratigraphic framework for southern Ontario: a progress report
Authors: Knight R D , Bajc A F , Kjarsgaard B A , Russell H A J , Stepner D A
J
Published: February 2018

Work has been advancing since 2015 on the development of a framework and reconnaissance scale overview of subsurface geochemical variability of southern Ontario. In a collaborative effort between universities, Conservation Authorities, the Ontario Geological
Survey and the Geological Survey of Canada geochemical data is being acquired from continuously cored boreholes using both portable X ray fluorescence spectrometry and traditional wet chemical analysis. The activity is now in its third year and recent work has focused on sediment cores from the GTA,
Waterloo, Dundas Valley, Bradford, south Simcoe, and London areas. Thirty-three boreholes and ~3000 samples have been analyzed. The borehole distribution loosely aligns alon and east-west and north- south transect of 300 and 200 kms, respectively. All data is in the process of being prepared
for publication as data release Open Files. An additional ~600 samples have been received from Oro, Orangeville, Niagara, and Pickering areas and analysis should be completed in 2018. These analysis will complete the reconnaissance scale transect framework development for Southern Ontario. Once
finished, the framework will be available for comparison when more site specific, local scale studies obtain subsurface geochemistry.
Work is also underway preparing a manuscript on the methodology and QA/QC process employed within the southern Ontario project for the combined laboratory and pXRF dataset.
Chemical and isotopic evidence of fragmented recharge areas for the carbonate aquifers of the Niagara Escarpment
Authors: Priebe E H , Frape S K , Jackson R E , Rudolph D L , Burt A
K
Published: February 2018

The Early Silurian carbonate bedrock formations of the Michigan basin, southern Ontario, contain significant quantities of high-quality groundwater resources and provide the sole drinking water source to many large municipalities and private residences. This
investigation represents the first attempt to characterize these carbonate groundwater resources in their entirety. Although the bedrock formations are relatively flat-lying and regionally extensive, suggesting ease of characterization, the systems are complex due to the influence of glacial
sediment cover on recharge and the effect of karst on groundwater residence times. Recharge timing and controls are investigated with several isotopic and geochemical indicators of recent recharge in groundwater, within the context of the sedimentary geology and sediment thickness of the study area.
Spatial trends of tritium, and SF6 in groundwater, interpreted as representing recent recharge (< 50 years), corroborate with aerobic redox chemistry in the carbonate groundwater systems underlying areas of thin or permeable sediment cover. Groundwater chemical evolution beyond recharge
areas is assessed with general chemistry, the redox profile and an investigation of water-rock interaction. A comparison of strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) in bedrock and groundwater shows that long residence times are required for the isotopic signature of the rock to imprint on the
groundwater. Increasing Sr to Ca ratios along the groundwater flow path are likely resulting from incongruent dissolution of dolomite and the precipitation of calcite with evolution. Sulphur isotopic composition of sulphate (delta-34SSO4 and delta-18OSO4) in groundwater shows isotopic evidence of
pyrite oxidation in recharge areas, and a Silurian sulphur isotopic signature in areas of thick and low permeability sediments, well downgradient of identified recharge areas. For this investigation, isotopic and hydrochemical tools have provided many essential lines of evidence, supporting the
development of a conceptual model of recharge and groundwater evolution in this complex setting with many geological controls at play.
The Microvibe, a broad band, light-weight and cost effective seismic source for near surface imaging
Authors: Pugin A J -M , Brewer K , Cartwright T , Dietiker B
Published: February 2018

For shallow environmental and engineering surveys in generally unconsolidated sediment to depths of a few meters to several hundred metres high resolution seismic reflection surveys require heavy and expensive vibration sources such as a Minivib(TM). It weights 9
tons and costs approximately $400K. Best practice for optimized characterization of shallow surficial properties multi-component acquisition is required and this necessitates multiple passes and recording with the Minivibe - landstreamer system with the source being set in various horizontal and
vertical directions. To provide a cheaper and lighter seismic source we have developed the Microvibe (180 kg and ~$30k) uses a suite of lighter electromagnetic transducers that can provide multicomponent seismic signal in a single pass.
The Microvibe consists of forty tactile transducers, twenty per direction, on a solid concrete block mounted on a steel skid plate. This vibrator can provide various types of sweeps from 20 Hz up to 800 Hz with a power up to 2000 watts, for each direction, providing ~25% of the power
provided by an IVI Minvib. To compensate for the reduced power level, we increase the time length of the sweep. The Microvibe provides higher frequency ranges than any known land seismic source available on the market.
The Microvibe is coupled with an in-house built landstreamer array designed for use along paved or gravel roads. The landstreamer is built with 3 kg metal sleds connected using straps or low stretch ropes. The receiver spacing can vary from 0.75 m to 3 m. Receiver set-up is customized depending on
the near-surface velocities and the targeted depths of observation. Each sled is equipped with a 3-component (3-C) geophone unit constructed in-house with 30 Hz omni-directional geophone elements oriented in three orthogonal directions: one vertical and two horizontal, in-line (parallel to the
survey direction) and cross-line (perpendicular to the acquisition direction). The Microvibe - landstreamer combination allows data acquisition with shaking in vertical and horizontal directions in one pass to capture P-wave and S-wave seismic reflection sections.
In order to demonstrate the value of this new geophysical tool, examples will be presented from a ground water example in the Vars - Winchester esker of southeastern Ontario. The system is also very efficient for evaluating the soft soil response for earthquakes and for locating neo-tectonic faults
or buried tunnels.
Assessing the integrity of aquitards: the Newmarket Till at Ajax
Authors: Rashtchi R , Al T , Cornett J , Gerber R , Russell H A
J
Published: February 2018

The Newmarket Till is a regional aquitard in southern Ontario that overlies the Illinoian to Middle Wisconsinan Lower Sediment and is overlain by the Oak Ridges Moraine. Geological investigations have mapped the distribution of the till and it is understood that
erosional channels, subsequently infilled with fluvial material, breach the till and may create enhanced hydraulic connection between overlying and underlying aquifers. However, little is known about the protective capability of the Newmarket Till where it is intact. This knowledge gap is being
addressed by investigations of the rates and mechanisms for transport of natural and anthropogenic tracers in the porewater of the till. The research program was initiated in October 2017 with the coring of a new borehole at Sideline 4 near the intersection of highways 407 and 412, north of Ajax,
Ontario. Vertical concentration profiles are generated for natural tracers by subsampling drill cores and then extracting porewater to measure the chemical (Cl, Br, F, NO3) and isotopic composition (delta-18O, delta-2H, delta-13C, 3H, 3He/4He). By coupling the tracer concentration profiles with a
one-dimensional numerical transport model, we will calculate the rates of diffusive and advective transport across the aquitard.
A numerical study of barometric loading
Authors: Walsh R , Milloy C
Published: February 2018

This work was inspired by a presentation by RVCA at last year's Groundwater Open House, which was a literature review of barometric pressure responses in groundwater level time series data. Barometric pressure changes are known to produce water level fluctuations
in monitoring wells while the water level in the aquifer does not change. Last year's review identified barometric loading signals in some PGMN wells, and recommended further research. As it happened, Geofirma had developed modelling tools for other purposes which were well suited to modelling
barometric loading phenomena. In particular, we have added a one-dimensional hydromechanical coupling algorithm to TOUGH2, a general-purpose numerical simulation program for multi-phase fluid and heat flow. Unlike many geotechnical and hydrogeological codes, this model explicitly accounts for
compressibility of the pore fluid (gas, water, or both). Out of interest, we undertook a small modeling project using this code to simulate barometric loading. This work demonstrates several different possible barometric loading scenarios using an idealized model of a well and aquifer system.
There are two mechanisms responsible for transmission of barometric pressure changes to an aquifer: (1) air flow through the unsaturated zone, and (2) mechanical transmission of pressure changes to subsurface formations. Both mechanisms are present in all hydrogeological settings, but the dominant
mechanism is a function of aquifer confinement, compressibility, and the presence or absence of gas. Since observation wells are generally open to the atmosphere, changes in barometric pressure reach the well water almost instantly, but vertical flow due to barometric pressure fluctuations may be
delayed in reaching the aquifer or may never reach the aquifer at all. The difference in atmospheric communication between the well water and formation water cause well water levels to fluctuate in order to stay in hydraulic equilibrium with the aquifer.
This project was limited in scope, but the tools and understanding that have been developed could be used to examine a number of questions related to barometric loading, including: the influence of observation well construction on barometric loading, including the effects of wellbore storage, well
skin, sealed wells, and buried vibrating wire piezometers; the testing of barometric efficiency, barometric response functions, and other deconvolution algorithms; modelling of the barometric response of specific observation wells, improving understanding of site specific properties and processes
governing the barometric response; development of templates or algorithms for assessment of barometric efficiency or barometric response functions; and, the influence of loading by precipitation events or changes in river and lake stage.
Classification of thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology into Bethesda categories: An institutional experience and review of the literature
Authors: Alshaikh Safa , Harb Zainab , Aljufairi Eman , Almahari S. Ali
Published: February 2018

Background:

Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of thyroid is the initial screening test for thyroid nodules. The Bethesda system classifies thyroid FNAC into six categories. Each category is linked to a malignancy risk and has a recommended clinical management. The aim of this study is to analyze the thyroid cytology smears by Bethesda system and to correlate the diagnosis of cytopathology with histopathology, whenever surgery was done.

Materials and Methods:

This study presents our experience with the Bethesda system in 681 thyroid FNAs from 632 patients in the period between January 2013 and December 2016.

Results:

Categories were as follows: 10.1% were Category I (nondiagnostic), 68.8% Category II (benign), 12.4% were Category III (atypia of undetermined significance), 2.9% were Category IV (suspicious for follicular neoplasm), 2.6% were Category V (suspicious for malignancy), and 4.1% were Category VI (malignant). Surgery was done on 126 nodules from 119 patients with an overall rate of malignancy of 27.8% (35/126 nodules).

Conclusion:

The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology proved to be an excellent reporting system.
Security for Plug-In Electric Vehicle Communications
Authors:   Hybrid - EV Committee
Published: February 2018

This SAE Information Report J2931/7 establishes the security requirements for digital communication between Plug-In Electric Vehicles (PEV), the Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) and the utility, ESI, Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) and/or Home Area Network (HAN).
Evaluating the mutagenic potential of aerosol organic compounds using informatics-based screening
Authors: Decesari Stefano , Kovarich Simona , Pavan Manuela , Bassan Arianna , Ciacci Andrea , Topping David
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Whilst general policy objectives to reduce airborne particulate matter (PM) health effects are to reduce exposure to PM as a whole, emerging evidence suggests that more detailed metrics associating impacts with different aerosol components might be needed. Since it is impossible to conduct toxicological screening on all possible molecular species expected to occur in aerosol, in this study we perform a proof-of-concept evaluation on the information retrieved from in silico toxicological predictions, in which a subset (N = 104) of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) compounds were screened for their mutagenicity potential. An extensive database search showed that experimental data are available for 13 % of the compounds, while reliable predictions were obtained for 82 %. A multivariate statistical analysis of the compounds based on their physico-chemical, structural, and mechanistic properties showed that 80 % of the compounds predicted as mutagenic were grouped into six clusters, three of which (five-membered lactones from monoterpene oxidation, oxygenated multifunctional compounds from substituted benzene oxidation, and hydroperoxides from several precursors) represent new candidate groups of compounds for future toxicological screenings. These results demonstrate that coupling model-generated compositions to in silico toxicological screening might enable more comprehensive exploration of the mutagenic potential of specific SOA components.
Decadal changes in summertime reactive oxidized nitrogen and surface ozone over the Southeast United States
Authors: Li Jingyi , Mao Jingqiu , Fiore Arlene M. , Cohen Ronald C. , Crounse John D. , Teng Alex P. , Wennberg Paul O. , Lee Ben H. , Lopez-Hilfiker Felipe D. , Thornton Joel A. , Peischl Jeff , Pollack Ilana B. , Ryerson Thomas B. , Veres Patrick , Roberts James M. , Neuman J. Andrew , Nowak John B. , Wolfe Glenn M. , Hanisco Thomas F. , Fried Alan , Singh Hanwant B. , Dibb Jack , Paulot Fabien , Horowitz Larry W.
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Widespread efforts to abate ozone (O3) smog have significantly reduced emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) over the past 2 decades in the Southeast US, a place heavily influenced by both anthropogenic and biogenic emissions. How reactive nitrogen speciation responds to the reduction in NOx emissions in this region remains to be elucidated. Here we exploit aircraft measurements from ICARTT (July–August 2004), SENEX (June–July 2013), and SEAC4RS (August–September 2013) and long-term ground measurement networks alongside a global chemistry–climate model to examine decadal changes in summertime reactive oxidized nitrogen (RON) and ozone over the Southeast US. We show that our model can reproduce the mean vertical profiles of major RON species and the total (NOy) in both 2004 and 2013. Among the major RON species, nitric acid (HNO3) is dominant (∼ 42–45 %), followed by NOx (31 %), total peroxy nitrates (ΣPNs; 14 %), and total alkyl nitrates (ΣANs; 9–12 %) on a regional scale. We find that most RON species, including NOx, ΣPNs, and HNO3, decline proportionally with decreasing NOx emissions in this region, leading to a similar decline in NOy. This linear response might be in part due to the nearly constant summertime supply of biogenic VOC emissions in this region. Our model captures the observed relative change in RON and surface ozone from 2004 to 2013. Model sensitivity tests indicate that further reductions of NOx emissions will lead to a continued decline in surface ozone and less frequent high-ozone events.
Collocation mismatch uncertainties in satellite aerosol retrieval validation
Authors: Virtanen Timo H. , Kolmonen Pekka , Sogacheva Larisa , Rodríguez Edith , Saponaro Giulia , de Leeuw Gerrit
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Satellite-based aerosol products are routinely validated against
ground-based reference data, usually obtained from sun photometer networks
such as AERONET (AEROsol RObotic NETwork). In a typical validation exercise a
spatial sample of the instantaneous satellite data is compared against a
temporal sample of the point-like ground-based data. The observations do not
correspond to exactly the same column of the atmosphere at the same time, and
the representativeness of the reference data depends on the spatiotemporal
variability of the aerosol properties in the samples. The associated
uncertainty is known as the collocation mismatch uncertainty (CMU). The
validation results depend on the sampling parameters. While small samples
involve less variability, they are more sensitive to the inevitable noise in
the measurement data. In this paper we study systematically the effect of the
sampling parameters in the validation of AATSR (Advanced Along-Track Scanning
Radiometer) aerosol optical depth (AOD) product against AERONET data and the
associated collocation mismatch uncertainty. To this end, we study the
spatial AOD variability in the satellite data, compare it against the
corresponding values obtained from densely located AERONET sites, and assess
the possible reasons for observed differences. We find that the spatial AOD variability in the satellite data is
approximately 2 times larger than in the ground-based data, and the spatial
variability correlates only weakly with that of AERONET for short distances.
We interpreted that only half of the variability in the satellite data is due
to the natural variability in the AOD, and the rest is noise due to retrieval
errors. However, for larger distances (∼ 0.5∘) the correlation is
improved as the noise is averaged out, and the day-to-day changes in regional
AOD variability are well captured. Furthermore, we assess the usefulness of
the spatial variability of the satellite AOD data as an estimate of CMU by
comparing the retrieval errors to the total uncertainty estimates including
the CMU in the validation. We find that accounting for CMU increases the
fraction of consistent observations.
Modelling last glacial cycle ice dynamics in the Alps
Authors: Seguinot Julien , Jouvet Guillaume , Huss Matthias , Funk Martin , Ivy-Ochs Susan , Preusser Frank
Published: February 2018

Abstract. The European Alps, cradle of pioneer glacial studies, are one of the regions where geological markers of past glaciations are most abundant and well-studied. Such conditions make the region ideal for testing numerical glacier models based on simplified ice flow physics against field-based reconstructions, and vice-versa. Here, we use the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM) to model the entire last glacial cycle (120–0 ka) in the Alps, using horizontal resolutions of 2 and 1 km and up to 576 processors. Climate forcing is derived using present-day climate data from WorldClim and the ERA-Interim reanalysis, and time-dependent temperature offsets from multiple palaeo-climate proxies, among which only the EPICA ice core record yields glaciation during marine oxygen isotope stages 4 (69–62 ka) and 2 (34–18 ka) spatially and temporally consistent with the geological reconstructions, while the other records used result in excessive early glacial cycle ice cover and a late Last Glacial Maximum. Despite the low variability of this Antarctic-based climate forcing, our simulation depicts a highly dynamic ice sheet, showing that Alpine glaciers may have advanced many times over the foreland during the last glacial cycle. Ice flow patterns during peak glaciation are largely governed by subglacial topography but include occasional transfluences and self-sustained ice domes. Modelled maximum ice surface is 861 m higher than observed trimline elevations in the upper Rhone Valley, yet our simulation predicts little erosion at high elevation due to cold-based ice. Finally, the Last Glacial Maximum advance, often considered synchronous, is here modelled as a time-transgressive event, with some glacier lobes reaching their maximum as early as 27 ka, and some as late as 21 ka.
Towards an Ethical Hermeneutics of Journalism
Authors: Onay-Coker Duygu
Published: February 2018

This paper applies a Ricœurian ethics in a two-fold personal/societal critique, choosing as a case study the representation of an “other” in a newspaper article. The personal critique uses a historical narrative (my own) as a window. Through it, we see hysterical stories about national enemies—in this case the Greek Cypriots—imposing themselves upon the developing consciousness of a growing child. I describe my awakening—through Ricœur’s idea of the creativity of language—from the spell of these dominant normative national narratives to the possibility of re-reading them creatively. Ricœur’s blueprint for engagement with such narrative structures holds out the promise of reading them in an ethical manner, and this is achievable through his linguistic hospitality. From there, this study, analyzing the ethical predicaments of mainstream journalism from the perspective of critical media studies, problematizes the issue of otherness in the news. The example taken up, a current Turkish newspaper article covering a Turkish Cypriot Parliamentarian’s remarks in session regarding the experiences of 1974 Cyprus, reveals how this otherization is actually constructed under the name of the journalistic profession. This essay then borrows a Ricœurian ethical perspective with a view to making news language more hospitable, repositioning both news organizations and news items alike within Ricœur’s ethical paradigm of leading a good life with and for others within just institutions. This conceptualization of the news item itself as a just institution is a change that journalists could make in order to bring the news more in line with a Ricœurian sense of ethics and away from the current dominant practices in mainstream journalism.
Introduction
Authors: Brennan Eileen
Published: February 2018

Introduction francaise Volume 8, n°2, 2017
Johann Michel. Dialogue sur l’histoire et l’imaginaire social. Cornelius Castoriadis et Paul Ricœur
Authors: Vendra Maria Cristina Clorinda
Published: February 2018

None
Parole, Politics and Penal Policy
Authors: Freiberg Arie , Bartels Lorana , Fitzgerald Robin , Dodd Shannon
Published: February 2018

This article examines the most recent changes in Australian parole laws, policies and practices in the context of the changing relations between legislatures, the courts and parole authorities. It argues that legislatures, purportedly reflecting public opinion, have become less willing to trust either the courts or parole boards and have eroded their authority, powers and discretion. It provides examples of legislative changes that have altered the purposes of parole and introduced mandatory or presumptive non-parole periods, as well as overriding, by-passing and restricting parole.
Physica in John Locke's Adversaria and Classifications of the Branches of Knowledge
Authors: Di Biase Giuliana
Published: February 2018

The framework of the various schemes of Physica in Locke’s classifications of knowledge (ca. 1670-1687) shows relevant traces of what may be defined, in a very broad sense, as an Aristotelian model: the internal divisions of this science are shaped into the classical ordering of the Stagirite’s physical works, as was common in seventeenth-century Aristotelian texts on natural philosophy. However, Locke’s schemes are also evidence of his uneasiness with that model, especially with reference to the first part—the one containing the fundamentals of physics, or physica generalis—and the last, concerning the objects of sense— one of the branches of physica specialis. This uneasiness was clearly due to Locke’s adherence to mechanism (in particular to Boyle’s mechanism) as well as to his empiricism. The last scheme of Physica (ca. 1687) shows Locke’s detachment from the Aristotelian model and his adhesion to Pansophism: the object of physica generalis, which in the earlier schemes was circumscribed to the material world, is re-conceptualised in broader terms which include spiritual beings. This later scheme is also evidence of a redefinition of Physica as a theoretical science, a point which was somewhat obscured in Locke’s previous schemes by the location of the discipline after the practical sciences. The various adversaria Locke wrote in 1677 help to illuminate his way of conceiving the object and scope of Physica; they show the relevance he attributed to the Baconian method of natural history, as well as the priority he assigned to useful knowledge with respect to speculative knowledge.
Peter Anstey on Locke's Natural Philosophy
Authors: Walmsley Jonathan Craig
Published: February 2018

Peter Anstey’s book John Locke on Natural Philosophy (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011) (henceforth JLNP), presented an interpretation of Locke’s work on science and medicine, and how this shaped his philosophical views. It was wide-ranging in scope and often impressively detailed. It raised a number of questions about Locke’s relationship to the work of J. B. van Helmont, his collaboration with Thomas Sydenham, and the overall chronology and trajectory of his natural philosophical interests. It also occasioned a number of questions about methodology in the history of philosophy and how we should construct an interpretation of a thinker like Locke from the published, manuscript and historical records available. Some of these questions were posed explicitly in a ‘Review Article’ in these pages.
Locke on Knowledge of Existence
Authors: Rockwood Nathan
Published: February 2018

The standard objection to Locke’s epistemology is that his conception of knowledge inevitably leads to skepticism about external objects. One reason for this complaint is that Locke defines knowledge as the perception of a relation between ideas, but perceiving relations between ideas does not seem like the kind of thing that can give us knowledge that tables and chairs exist. Thus Locke’s general definition of knowledge seems to be woefully inadequate for explaining knowledge of external objects. However, this interpretation and subsequent criticism ignore a special category of knowledge Locke calls ‘real knowledge’, which is Locke’s own account of how we can have knowledge of the real world. Rather than evaluating whether Locke’s definition of knowledge in general can get us knowledge of external objects, we should instead focus our attention on whether Locke’s account of real knowledge can explain how we have knowledge of external objects.
Some Reflections on Critical-Text Editing
Authors: Harris Ian
Published: February 2018

‘Is your edition really necessary?’ is one of those questions which are so searching that they are rarely asked in polite intellectual society. It comes from the best of sources, and it is important not least because it raises fundamental questions—about why editing of a certain sort is necessary and about the criteria according to which it is carried out. Why, indeed, should anyone undertake critical editing? These questions can be addressed in several ways. This article addresses them by way of considering an edition which, it will be seen, is necessary. For Noel Malcolm’s is the first successful attempt to produce a critical-text edition of Leviathan. Here the reader is offered gold rather than base metal, and in considering such work it cannot be out of the way to ask the questions, both particular and general, that arise from reflecting on it. Neither can it be untimely to do so just now, when textual scholars in the West are becoming more conscious of the basic fact that their practices are not the only ones.
C-T Inheritance and the left periphery in Old Japanese
Authors: Aldridge Edith
Published: February 2018

This paper proposes an analysis of movement to the left periphery in Old Japanese within the framework of C-T Inheritance. Particular attention is given to the fact that nominative subjects precede focused constituents in focus concord constructions known as kakari-musubi (KM). I propose that this order is ensured by the nature of the features motivating these respective movements. Following Richards (2007), I propose that uninterpretable features – particularly those seeking a value – must be spelled out as soon as they are valued. Consequently, these features must be inherited so that they are in the domain of the phase head when spell out takes place. Building on earlier analyses of KM constructions as involving agreement between a focus particle and the verbal inflection which covaries with that particle (Ikawa 1998; Watanabe 2005; Kuroda 2007, and others), I propose that focused constituents must move to [Spec, TP], since their movement is motivated by an unvalued focus feature. In contrast to this, subject movement to value nominative case is not driven by an uninterpretable probe on the phase head like [uϕ], because Japanese lacks subject/verb agreement. Following Saito (2016), I propose that subjects undergo movement agnostically in order to value their own case features. Since there is no probe on C driving this movement, inheritance does not take place, and the subject moves to [Spec, CP], with the result that it precedes the focused constituent in surface word order.
Richard Mercer Dorson (1916–1981): A Memorate
Authors: An) Nikolai Burlakoff (Quang
Published: February 2018

What follows is a brief remembrance by Nikolai Burlakoff upon the hundredth anniversary of Richard M. Dorson’s birth. Richard Dorson continues to be a key figure in the discipline of folklore, and the editors join the author of this “memorate” in calling for continued reflection on his many roles and influences. It is our hope that this Note will inspire the submission to JAF of additional remembrances of Dorson as well as of other members of the field. (The Editors)
THE IMPORTANCE OF ANALYTICS TOOLS IN AN EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF AN ONLINE STORE AND THE DEGREE TO WHICH THEY ARE EMPLOYED BY E-STORE OWNERS
Authors: Tworzydło Dariusz , Tobiasz Magdalena , Szymański Wojciech
Published: February 2018

The aim of this article is the review of the degree to which analytics tools are used in an online store management, as well as the review of the validity of using this type of technological solutions. The article presents the results of an in-house survey research, conducted among the store owners, executed as the part of the research-and-development project dedicated to the e-commerce branch. The main focus was on the number of tools used, the time dedicated to data analysis and the difficulties that might have occurred. The research problem was displayed in the context of the internet as a sale channel and by taking into consideration the specifics of e-commerce.