Methods of full-scale survey of shelters of civil defense of railway complexes of the city of Moscow
Authors: Enikeev Artem I. , Katikova Arina S. , Averchenko Gleb A. 
Published: October 2022

Background: The security of the state is a priority task in science in modern conditions. Transportation area as one of the most important areas for the state sustainable functioning, requires the special attention. It is very important to research scientific approaches and their implementation for providing security at transport. Due to the large concentration of passengers at station complexes, special attention should be paid to keeping them in working condition.
Visual inspection of the actual technical condition (full-scale inspection and measurement) of all structural elements (joints, joints of floor slabs, nodes, joints) of a bomb shelter is carried out to identify existing defects, damages and assess their impact on the safety, durability and serviceability of the bomb shelter.
The article contains a description of the construction of civil defence underground structures, namely: floor slabs, bomb shelter load-bearing elements, internal waterproofing, and special engineering equipment. The condition of these elements of the bomb shelter at the time of the survey is evaluated, and the existing defects and damages are characterized. The main defects are concrete leaching with exposed reinforcement, cracks and spalling of concrete, lack of modern waterproofing, partial destruction of supporting structures.
Based on the results, recommendations for further operation of the structure are formulated. And also proposed a set of measures to eliminate existing violations and further exploitation of underground structures. Recommended a set of works to repair the individual components and structures: pasting modern waterproofing materials, the elimination of minor damages to reinforced concrete structures, restoration of the protective layer of concrete to its design values.
Aim: consideration of methods of full-scale examination of bomb shelters, nderground structures and their application; definition of the technical condition of the structure; development of recommendations for further operation.
Materials and Methods: As a material and input data, asylum No. 6 in Moscow was analyzed, fixing of defects was carried out.
The field method was used as the main one: collection and analysis of preliminary information about the structure, measurement of structures, visual inspection of structures, description of the main defects, establishment of causes, forecast of development and recommendations on elimination of the existing damages.
The article puts more emphasis on the visual inspection and assessment of damages: denudation of reinforcement and poor quality waterproofing, leaching of concrete at the points of contact with ground water, corrosion of reinforcement in reinforced concrete, partial collapse of structures, etc.
Results: As a result of the surveys, a recommendation list was compiled to bring the technical and economic indicators of the structure to the standard state.
Conclusion: according to the results of the survey, it is recommended to perform construction and installation work at the stage of "Repair"