bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and Evaluation of Mouth Dissolving Strips of Metoclopramide Hydrochloride by Using Novel Film Former
Authors: Deokule Hemant A. , Pimple Smita S. , Chaudhari Praveen D. , Kulkarni Ajit S.
Published: November 2021

Fast dissolving strips are used as novel approaches, as it dissolves rapidly in mouth and directly reaches the systemic circulation. In present research work, an attempt has been made to prepare mouth dissolving strips of Metoclopramide hydrochloride by using a novel film former Pullulan by solvent casting method. A33 full factorial design was utilized for the optimization of the effect of independent variables such as the amount of Pullulan, amount of PEF 400, amount of SSG on mechanical properties, and % drug release of strips. The drug compatibility studies using FTIR and DSC studies formulated strips were characterized for their physicochemical parameter like weight variation, visual appearance, folding endurance, thickness, disintegration time, drug content, and in vitro dissolution studies. FTIR and DSC studies revealed that the polymer is compatible with the drug. It was found that the optimum levels of the responses for a fast release strip could be obtained at low levels of Pullulan, PEG400, and SSG. The prepared strip was clear transparent and had a smooth surface. The surface pH was found 4.8 to 5.2 be in the range of to which is close to salivary pH, which indicates that strips may have less potential to irritate the oral mucosa, thereby they are comfortable. The drug release was found to be between 90.94 to 100.5% in 2 min. The in-vitro disintegration time of strips prepared with Pullulan was in the range of 19 to 57 sec. As the concentration of SSG increases the decrease in the disintegration time of strips a decrease. The dissolution rate increased with an increase in the concentration of SSG. Hence, it can be inferred that the fast dissolving oral strips of Metoclopramide hydrochloride may produce rapid action thereby improving bioavailability and enhance the absorption by avoiding the first-pass effect.
Computational Docking Technique for Drug Discovery: A Review
Authors: Mishra Rakhi , Mishra Prem Shankar , Mazumder Rupa , Mazumder Avijit , Chaudhary Anurag
Published: November 2021

Computational and experimental techniques are two complimentary approaches that have important roles in drug discovery and development. Earlier time and cost of bringing a new drug in market bears a question as it takes seven to twelve years and $ 1.2 billion are often cited. Furthermore, five out of forty thousand compounds tested in animals reach human testing and only one of five compounds reaching clinical studies is approved. This accounts for a large input in terms of time, money and human and other resources. Therefore, new approaches are needed to facilitate, expedite and streamline drug discovery and development, save time, money and resources. Among many computational tools, molecular docking is one of the important means that can be used in drug discovery. It provides the information regarding the binding affinities between small molecules (ligands) and macromolecular receptor targets (proteins). Various approaches, methodology are cited in various literatures for describing the cost, time effect with success of drug discovery task. In this review, introduction of the available molecular docking methods, with simple methodology of docking and examples of drug design and discovery through computational docking methods is discussed and emphasis is made on various examples of sampling algorithms, scoring functions with their relevant characterstics with summary on type of ligand binding with receptors.
Diễn ngôn độc thoại trong truyện ngắn hiện thực ở miền Bắc Việt Nam 1932-1945
Authors: Phạm Thị Lương
Published: November 2021

Bài viết tìm hiểu diễn ngôn độc thoại trong truyện ngắn hiện thực của các tác giả tiêu biểu ở miền Bắc Việt Nam 1932-1945 để cho thấy sự nỗ lực sáng tạo không ngừng trên hành trình đổi mới tư duy nghệ thuật theo hướng hiện đại của các nhà văn. Hình thức diễn ngôn độc thoại của nhân vật trong truyện ngắn giai đoạn này được thể hiện dưới ba dạng thức: độc thoại nội tâm ở dạng thông thường; độc thoại mang tính chất đối thoại và độc thoại ở dạng nửa trực tiếp. Chúng tôi đi đến khẳng định sự chuyển dịch trong nghệ thuật xây dựng diễn ngôn qua mỗi chặng vận động của truyện ngắn hiện thực Việt Nam 1932-1945 thông qua tác phẩm của các nhà văn tiêu biểu như Nguyễn Công Hoan, Vũ Trọng Phụng, Tô Hoài, Nguyên Hồng, Nam Cao.
Điểm nhìn trần thuật về vấn đề nữ quyền trong văn xuôi Nguyễn Thị Thụy Vũ
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Mỹ Duyên
Published: November 2021

Điểm nhìn trần thuật là một yếu tố khơi mở cái nhìn mới về vấn đề Nữ quyền trong văn xuôi Nguyễn Thị Thụy Vũ. Khai thác từ góc độ điểm nhìn vừa cho thấy nội dung táo bạo lại cho thấy tài năng độc đáo của nữ nhà văn Thụy Vũ khi nói đến những rào cản và sự bứt phá của nữ giới miền Nam giữa thế kỉ XX. Từ đó, khẳng định đóng góp quan trọng của Thụy Vũ trong Văn học Nữ Việt Nam.
Tinh thần Phật giáo trong nền hội họa Myanmar (Từ buổi đầu đến thế kỷ XIX)
Authors: Lê Trương Ánh Ngọc
Published: November 2021

Phật giáo được xem là quốc giáo ở Myanmar. Với tinh thần hòa hợp thích ứng của Phật giáo, nó đã nhanh chóng trở thành một nhân tố quan trọng, và là một nét đặc trưng của văn hóa truyền thống Myanmar, biểu hiện cụ thể trong lối sống của nhân dân, văn học, kịch truyền thống, kiến trúc và hội họa. Các chủ đề về Phật giáo đã được các nghệ sĩ tài hoa khai thác và thể hiện trong các sản phẩm hội họa của Myanmar sơ khai. Việc sử dụng những đề tài Phật giáo trong hội họa là một cách thể hiện sự tôn trọng không chỉ của các họa sĩ, đó còn là của tất cả người dân Myanmar chân chất dành cho Đức Phật - bậc giác ngộ toàn năng.
Ứng dụng Lý thuyết trắc nghiệm cổ điển trong phân tích câu hỏi trắc nghiệm khách quan
Authors: Nguyễn Trung Hiếu , Nguyễn Bích Như
Published: November 2021

Bài viết báo cáo kết quả nghiên cứu và vận dụng Lý thuyết trắc nghiệm cổ điển trong phân tích câu hỏi trắc nghiệm khách quan. Phương pháp thống kê toán học được sử dụng để phân tích một bộ đề trắc nghiệm khách quan 30 câu hỏi với 85 bài làm của sinh viên. Kết quả cho thấy lý thuyết này có thể được vận dụng để phân tích các thông số của câu hỏi trắc nghiệm như độ khó, độ phân biệt, chất lượng của các phương án nhiễu… Các thông số này đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc chuẩn hóa và nâng cao dần chất lượng của các câu hỏi thi. Việc sử dụng các câu hỏi đã được chuẩn hóa giúp cho hoạt động kiểm tra, đánh giá kết quả học tập trong nhà trường được chính xác, khách quan và công bằng hơn.
Enseñanza de vocabulario en inglés a estudiantes de educación superior técnico profesional. Lengua de señas chilena como estrategia multimodal
Authors: Lohaus Reyes María Francisca , Herrera-Fernández Valeria
Published: November 2021

Los adultos chilenos poseen bajo dominio del idioma inglés respecto a sus pares de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE). Para mejorar estos resultados, es necesario diversificar las metodologías de enseñanza de dicha lengua, especialmente en la Educación Superior Técnico Profesional (ESTP). El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto de una estrategia didáctica multimodal para la enseñanza de vocabulario oral aislado en inglés, usando lengua de señas chilena (LSCh) y alfabeto manual. Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa y un diseño cuasi experimental con pre y postest. Se conformaron dos grupos de 30 participantes cada uno, con edades entre 16 y 44 años, a quienes se evaluó el vocabulario productivo oral. El grupo experimental recibió la estrategia didáctica diseñada y el grupo control recibió enseñanza tradicional. Los análisis realizados concluyen que la estrategia implementada en el grupo experimental produjo un efecto positivo en la producción oral de vocabulario, comparado con el grupo control.
Representaciones sociales de la contabilidad en profesionales y estudiantes de contaduría pública
Authors: Peña Quimbayo Martha , Cadavid Rodríguez Janneth , Martín Fiorino Víctor
Published: November 2021

Uno de los problemas a los que se enfrenta la contabilidad es la diversidad de conceptos y representaciones que sobre ella tiene la sociedad. El propósito de este estudio es identificar la representación social que tanto los profesionales de la contaduría pública en ejercicio, como los estudiantes de los últimos semestres de contaduría pública, tienen sobre la contabilidad. El objetivo es comprender lo que entienden por contabilidad, sobre su función y uso práctico de conocimientos como parte de una realidad social. Para lo anterior se hace uso del método de los imaginarios y representaciones a través de la recolección de información y datos, utilizando entrevistas semiestructuradas y un grupo focal; estas abordan 13 preguntas, distribuidas en 3 categorías, que dan cuenta del propósito de la investigación.
Barnevernets og de fremmedes ord: Nærlesning av journalnotatene i en barnevernsak fra 1987–88
Authors: Engebretsen Eivind
Published: November 2021

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Atlantic seabob shrimp as biomonitor of Cu and Zn near port activities: is it really a suitable choice?
Authors: Di Beneditto Ana Paula Madeira , Ferreira Keltony de Aquino , Vaz de Oliveira Braulio Cherene , De Rezende Carlos Eduardo , Pestana Inácio Abreu
Published: November 2021

The trace elements concentration in the muscle of the Atlantic seabob shrimp (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri) caught in coastal fishing highlighted copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), both related to antifouling systems, as the main elements related to the intensity of port activities of southeast Brazil (~20—to 22ºS). The aim of this study is to analyze if the behavior of Cu and Zn in the muscle of this shrimp species is constant among different sampling sites, verifying if the species is suitable as biomonitor for these elements. The shrimps came from fisheries done in 2017 in Vitória, Anchieta, and Farol de São Tomé, southeast Brazil. After sampling, each individual was categorized for gender and maturity stage, measured, and weighted. Bulk muscle samples were freeze-dried for determination of Cu, Zn, and ratios of stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N). The data analysis verified if the concentration of Cu and Zn in male and female shrimps vary among maturity stages and sampling sites, and how the concentration of Cu and Zn is related to shrimps foraging area and/or trophic position. Both bioaccumulation and growth dilution occurred, but not in the same way for genders and sampling sites, with Cu showing more variability. Relationships between elements and shrimps foraging area and trophic position did not show a clear trend among the sampling sites. Regression models indicated moderate relationships, explaining 51% (Cu) and 60% (Zn) of the association with the foraging area in Anchieta, but up to 8% in Vitória and Farol de São Thomé. For the trophic position, the models explained 33% (Cu) and 34% (Zn) in Anchieta and up to 14% in Vitória and Farol de São Thomé. The results showed that the utilization of this shrimp species as biomonitor of marine coastal environments near port activities to monitoring the levels of Cu and Zn is not a suitable choice, at least in the spatial scale considered by this study.
Sonographic Association of Placenta Accreta Spectrum In Patients of Placenta Previa - A Systematic Review
Authors: Saadat Maida , Anjum Muhammad Nawaz , Farooq Faiza , Gill Rehan Aslam , Yasin Abeer , Tariq Rabia
Published: November 2021

Aim: To determine the diagnostic accuracy and epidemiology of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) in patients of placenta previa. Design: Systematic review. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov and MEDLINE were searched between January1992 and December 2020. Studies on placenta previa complicated by PAS diagnosed in a defined obstetric population. This research was carried out using standard methods and protocols and keeping in view Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observation and assessment of case study along with the difference approved by consensus. The overall diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonographic findings is the main outcome of this study, whereas the prevalence of placenta accreta in patients of placenta previa and its incidence among different countries all over the world is also described. Results: In this review study, about 300 articles were evaluated. More over about 15 prospective and 14 retrospective case studies incorporated for assessment having complication with placenta previa and PAS. According to the meta-analysis, a significant (p<0.001) heterogeneity was found between case research that evaluate PAS prevalence and incidence in the placenta previa cohort. The median prevalence in case of placenta previa along with PAS came out to be 0.113% (IQR 0.048–0.17).Whereas incidence in females having placenta previa along with complication of PAS came out to be 11.3% (IQR 7.3–20.0). The overall median sensitivity of the ultrasound to find cases of placenta accreta spectrum in patients of placenta previa is 83.33 %( IQR 77.0-94.34) and specificity is 95.9 %( IQR 88.0-98.4). Conclusions: The high level of diversity observed in results obtained by diagnostic and qualitative data showed strong emphasis should be made on implementation of standard methods and protocols for assessment and diagnosis of pregnancy complication like placenta previa, its type and PAS. However, transvaginal and transabdominal ultrasound remains the gold standard diagnostic tool for placenta previa and placenta accreta spectrum. Keywords: Placenta accrete, placenta previa, sonography
Knowledge of Nurses Regarding Respiratory Physical Assessment in Tertiary Hospital Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Latif Sobia , Perveen Kousar , Sarwar Hajra , Khan Sadia
Published: November 2021

In health care setting nursing practices depends on knowledge. Knowledgeable nurses express their expertise in critical care units. Specialty in critical care units required respiratory knowledge regarding physical assessment. Furthermore nursing profession has been viewed central point for client care. The rapid changes in healthcare setting that increased demand of trained, experienced nurses in health care setting. The knowledge about anatomy and physiology regarding respiratory assessment necessary in the field of auscultating expertise like respiratory system that gives the chance of early diagnosis, assess the clients need and client health problem to implement the nursing process. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional Study design was applied. Settings: Data was collected through convenient sampling method from ICU department of tertiary Hospital Lahore. Study Participants: 36 female nurses within the age range 24 to 39 years were included in this research. Results: The knowledge of ICU Nurses regarding anatomy of respiratory above 50% but knowledge regarding physical assessment less than 50%. Furthermore less knowledge among nurses about respiratory physical assessment in clinical practices. Keywords: Physical Assessment, Nurses application, Respiratory Knowledge, Practices
An Overview of Analysis of Learning Curve of Laproscopic Procedures in General Surgery Residents in Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar
Authors: Zarka A. , din Muslihud , Furqan K. , Shahzeb K.
Published: November 2021

Aim: An Overview of Analysis of Learning Curve of Laparoscopic Procedures in General Surgery Residents in Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Methodology: A descriptive KAP (knowledge attitude and practice) study was conducted in Khyber teaching hospital (KTH) from January 2021 to March 2021. A total of 24 surgical residents of 3rd and 4th year residency working in different surgical units were part of the study. Experience of residents performing procedures under supervision, assistance or by means of observation was recorded by a self administered questionnaire. Results: A number of 24 surgical residents of 3rd and 4th year residency of general surgery were part of the study. Frequency of 3rd yr residents was 13(54.2%) and that of 4th yr was 11(45.8%). Number of 6(25%) observed basic laparoscopy, 8(33%) advanced procedures and 10(41.7%) observed both types of procedure. 23(95.8%) participants were regularly briefed on principles of laparoscopy and 21(87.5%) strongly agreed upon the need of video simulation sessions. According to 22(91.7%) participants instrument handling was the most difficult part to learn. And 17(70.8%) participants laparoscopy enhances visualization of disease process. 18(75%) participants said that it improves postoperative recovery and 20(83.3%) were of opinion that it minimizes hospital stay. 16(66.7%) residents stated it has a steep learning curve. All participants agreed that it is necessary to assist large number of procedures to attain confidence of performing laparoscopic procedures. Conclusion: The study showed that almost all residents were in favor of the use of laparoscopic procedures rather than open surgeries. Keywords: Laparoscopy, learning curve
Efficient Removal of Copper and Cadmium from Contaminated Soil Utilizing Electrokinetic Process
Authors: Saleem Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Present manuscript demonstrates the efficient removal of copper and cadmium from contaminated soil utilizing electrokinetic process. The results of systematic bench-scale study on improved extraction of copper and cadmium shows the suitability of process to decontaminate low permeable soil. The influence of operating parameters such as electrode material, soil pH, current density, soil temperature, inter-electrode spacing and initial soil moisture content on the decontamination performance is investigated. Study revealed that, removal of copper and cadmium reached to 89.4% and 62.7% respectively while using titanium electrodes. Removal efficiency improved with the increase in current density, soil temperature and initial soil moisture content. About 74.5% of copper removal achieved within 20 hours at soil temperature of 35°C and current density was kept at 9.3 mA/cm2. During this study, soil pH decreased from 6.7 to 2.4 near anode and reached up to 12.3 near cathode resulting in augmented metal removal. An improvement of 33% in removal efficiency observed when moisture content increased from 45% to 73%. Rate of metal removal increased as the inter-electrode spacing decreased to 15 cm, which demonstrated the highest copper removal at a current density of 9.3 mA/cm2. The maximum energy consumption found to be 5.2 kWh/m3 of soil volume demonstrated the economy of process, which can be scaled up at cleanup sites.
A Critical Evaluation of South Sudan’s Policy Framework for Health and Safety Management in the Oil and Gas Industry in Paloich- Melut County: A Case Study of Dar Petroleum Operating Company
Authors:   The Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Lomuru Kenyi Nichola , Gesami Rachel ,   The Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Norby Paul ,   The Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Published: November 2021

The paper conducted a critical evaluation of South Sudan’s policy framework for health and safety management in the oil and gas industry in Paloich- Melut County with interests in Dar Petroleum Operating Company. Specifically, the study assessed the effect of government policy, the organizational practices that affects the health and safety management of community and to explore the challenges affecting the implementation of policy frameworks for health and safety management practices by Dar Petroleum Operating Company. Descriptive survey research design was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data thus following mixed method approach. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires while Qualitative data was obtained from in-depth interviews. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The results revealed that government policy and organizational practices are positively and significantly related to health and safety management practices among oil exploration companies. However, organizational challenges and health and safety management practices among oil exploration companies is negatively and significantly related. The main challenges were lack of resources, poor leadership and corruption. The study concluded that an increase in adoption of Government Policy and organizational practices led to a significant increase on safety management practices among oil exploration companies. The study recommended that the oil and gas exploring companies strengthen the capacities of all concerned to achieve the sound management intellectual capital, exploration and production waste minimization, sound management of oil fields and hazardous wastes at all levels. Keywords: Health and Safety Management Practices, Government Policy, Company Policy, Organizational Practices & South Sudan
Strategic Management Practices and Service Delivery at Public Hospitals in Kenya: A Case of Kenyatta National Hospital
Authors:   Management University of Africa, Musili Tabitha Mwende , Mutinda Bernadette ,   Management University of Africa
Published: November 2021

The aim of this research was to investigate influence of strategic management practices and service delivery at public hospitals in Kenya: a case of Kenyatta National Hospital. Specifically, the study aimed to investigate the effect of communication and capacity building on service delivery in KNH. The Sustainable Development Goals were adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015 as a call to action to end poverty and protect the environment. The third goal of the Sustainable Development Goals is to promote health and well-being among people of all ages. The aim was to reduce maternal mortality to less than 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030. Kenya is, however one of the countries where the target of sustainable development has not been achieved. Among other variables, this was due to service delivery in health facilities. As the largest referral hospital, KNH is also facing service quality problems. The challenges lead to sluggish patient diagnosis and care, unduly long appointments leading to insufficient treatment adherence, and high population expectations for outstretched services. This research used a descriptive style. The Krejcie and Morgan formula was used to generate a sample size of 346 people from a target population of 3,006. To determine the sample size, stratified proportionate sampling was used. A pilot research was conducted to ensure that the instruments were valid. Descriptive and inferential method were used to analyze the results. Students, scholars, and KNH decision-makers should all learn from this research. The study established that there was a statistically significant influence of communication on service delivery at public hospitals in Kenya. The study also revealed that there was a statistically significant effect of capacity building on service delivery at public hospitals in Kenya. Keywords: Capacity building, Communication, Strategic management practices
Fractura atípica de fémur asociada al uso de bifosfonatos
Authors: Gutiérrez-Zúñiga Daniela , González Esteban , Arbeláez-Echeverri Pablo
Published: November 2021

La alteración en la microarquitectura del hueso generada con la osteoporosis predispone a fracturas por fragilidad que impactan la calidad y el pronóstico de vida de millones de adultos mayores. Uno de los tratamientos actuales de la osteoporosis son los antiresortivos como los bifosfonatos. Con el auge del uso de bifosfonatos actualmente existe un incremento en la incidencia de los efectos adversos. Aunque su fisiopatología aún es debatida, existe una asociación entre el uso crónico de estos medicamentos y fracturas atípicas del fémur. Se reporta el caso de una paciente con uso crónico de alendronato por 10 años, quien presenta una fractura atípica subtrocantérica de fémur, con estudios de imágenes previos por presentar síntomas prodrómicos.
Vaccination in older adults with cancer and older cancer survivors
Authors: Arreola-Rodríguez Alejandro , Negrete-Najar Juan Pablo , Soto-Perez-de-Celis Enrique , Navarrete-Reyes Ana Patricia
Published: November 2021

Vaccination is one of the most effective means of preventing infections and should be widely promoted, especially in immunocompromised patients, such as older adults with cancer and older cancer survivors. However, adherence is low, which is due in part to lack of awareness, fear of side effects, hesitancy to vaccinate and rejection of vaccination, especially for COVID-19. The objective of this paper is to clarify current indications for vaccination in these populations and underscore its importance.
DENTAL CARIES AND PARENTS' KNOWLEDGE LEVEL IN MAINTAINING CHILDREN'S DENTAL HEALTH THROUGH TELESURVEY IN CIMAHI
Authors: Putri Noer Fadilah Rina , Rante Arung Joana , Septiani Novia , Wijayanthi Intan , Syifomade Tania , Syahdania Sheila
Published: November 2021

Dental caries is the most common dental disease suffered by the Indonesian population, especially elementary school children—an oral dental condition caused by various factors, including children's lack of parental knowledge. The existence of a government program through the UKGS requires screening for every child in elementary school. The Covid-19 pandemic has hampered the screening process in elementary schools because students study online at home. This study aims to conduct a telesurvey of dental caries in children and determine parents' knowledge in maintaining the health of children's oral teeth. The cross-sectional method and the questionnaire were used in this study as a measuring tool. Furthermore, dental examinations are carried out using a gadget/mobile phone uploaded to the google form. The analysis used in this study is the univariate method. The results showed that 340 elementary school students at Padasuka Health Center had the primary teeth' caries index in the medium category. The caries index of the permanent teeth was in the deficient class. The prevalence of caries in elementary school students at Padasuka Health Center is 80%. At the same time, parental awareness regarding the maintenance of children's oral health is considered in the high category. The telesurvey conducted on elementary school students at Padasuka Health Center was used as an illustration to determine the status of oral health, particularly dental caries. Hopefully, the telesurvey will make it easier for respondents and health workers to assess oral health.
Suicidality associated with the use of antidepressants in children and adolescents
Authors:   Sección de Innovación y Organización Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea, Gutiérrez-Valencia Marta , Leache Leire , Saiz Luis Carlos
Published: November 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN El suicidio es un problema de salud pública en población infantil y adolescente, siendo una de las principales causas de mortalidad en este rango de edad. A partir de los años 1990, con la introducción de nuevas clases de antidepresivos, comenzó a extenderse la preocupación sobre el riesgo de tendencias suicidas asociado al consumo de estos fármacos en niños y adolescentes. Desde entonces se han realizado numerosos estudios al respecto y distintas agencias reguladoras han alertado sobre este posible aumento del riesgo. Sin embargo, el consumo de antidepresivos en esta población sigue aumentando. OBJETIVO Analizar la evidencia existente sobre la relación entre el uso de antidepresivos en niños y adolescentes y el riesgo de tendencias suicidas. Así mismo, determinar la relación entre este uso y la aparición de eventos adversos graves, así como el abandono del tratamiento por eventos adversos. MÉTODOS Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda bibliográfica en MedLine y The Cochrane Library. Se priorizaron revisiones y, en caso necesario, se amplió la búsqueda a ensayos clínicos aleatorizados. Se consideraron estudios que analizaban el tratamiento con cualquier antidepresivo independientemente del diagnóstico, comparado con placebo, cualquier tratamiento no farmacológico, o no tratamiento. Adicionalmente, se identificaron informes de posicionamiento de sociedades científicas e instituciones sanitarias. Se utilizó la base de datos de dispensación de recetas del Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea (SNS-O) para obtener datos acerca del consumo de antidepresivos en Navarra en niños y adolescentes, y la base de datos BIFAP (www.bifap.org) para obtener datos de prevalencia de uso de antidepresivos en Navarra y España. CONCLUSIONES La evidencia actual indica que los antidepresivos aumentan el riesgo de tendencias suicidas en niños y adolescentes, por lo que debería limitarse su uso en esta población y emplearse únicamente en las indicaciones autorizadas. Este riesgo se debe especialmente al aumento de ideación suicida. La evidencia indirecta muestra que el riesgo de tendencias suicidas sería superior con venlafaxina. No existe evidencia suficiente de que ningún fármaco reduzca el riesgo de que se produzcan. Existe amplia evidencia de que los antidepresivos aumentan el riesgo de eventos adversos graves y abandonos por eventos adversos en cualquier indicación en comparación con placebo. En los estudios disponibles se analiza la seguridad cuando se inicia el tratamiento y son en general estudios de corta duración, pero no puede descartarse el riesgo de este tipo de eventos adversos a más largo plazo.
The hoard from the “Cioclovina cu Apă” Cave: content, dating, and significations
Authors:   Muzeul Național de Istorie a Transilvaniei, Rotea Mihai
Published: November 2021

This study is dedicated to the general presentation of the content, the dating and the significations of the known hoard from LBA II discovered in the “Cioclovina cu Apă” Cave / “Wet Cioclovina” Cave (Hunedoara county), discovery that constitutes one of the most remarkable monuments from the Romanian prehistory (over 7500 artifacts, most of them made of exotic materials). The association of at least four fundamental natural elements inside the archaeological monument under research here (mountain, forest, cave, and water) sets the initial starting points of the transformation of the monument into a cult place/sanctuary. There must have also been some revelation, some sign etc. The sanctuary inside the “Cioclovina cu Apă” Cave has attracted very rich and varied offerings (bronze items, exotic objects, pottery, antler cheek-pieces, and meat offerings) that were deposited in three consecrated spots in the Great Hall, places under the mark of the «spring of divinity». Starting from the fact that almost all of the offerings are jewelry items worn by women or elements that decorate horse harness, I have considered the idea that a Nymph or a Nymph associated with another deity was venerated here, in both cases in association with horses, as being the closest to the truth. I pleaded in favor of the possible presence of oracular components. Also, from the presented perspectives I considered that the exceptional ritual practices that took place in this cave place it in the sphere of inter-regional collective/institutional cult manifestations, in which the elites, including the female, played a dominant role.
The pantheon of Marcus Herennius Faustus, legatus Legionis XIII Geminae
Authors:   Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Cluj-Napoca, Varga Timea
Published: November 2021

By shedding more light over the votive altars erected by Marcus Herennius Faustus at Apulum, the aim of this study is to set a clearer picture over the diversity of the pantheons that operated within the provincial religion of Roman Dacia. The study attempts to identify the personal pantheon of Marcus Herennius Faustus as a reflection of the Punico- Lybian triad Baal-Hammon, Baal-Addir, Tanit-Astarte, whose cult the commander of the legion must have adopted during his stay at Lambaesis as a tribunus militum in legio III Augusta. Furthermore, the article tries to unravel the possible motifs that determined Marcus Herennius Faustus to choose these rather unusual and definitely rare epithets for his gods: Saturnus Securus, Mercurius Hilaris, Minerva Supera.
David Soria Molina, Bellum Dacicum. Geopolítica, estrategia y conflicto en el Danubio bajo Domiciano y Trajano (85 – 106 d.C.), Signifer. Monografías y Estudios de la Antigüedad Griega y Romana, nº 50, Madrid-Salamanca: Signifer Libros, 2016, 671 pp.
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Murcia, Carbó García Juan Ramón
Published: November 2021

David Soria Molina, Bellum Dacicum. Geopolítica, estrategia y conflicto en el Danubio bajo Domiciano y Trajano (85 – 106 d.C.), Signifer. Monografías y Estudios de la Antigüedad Griega y Romana, nº 50, Madrid-Salamanca: Signifer Libros, 2016, 671 pp.
Dacian Graffiti from Covasna – Cetatea Zânelor
Authors:   Muzeul Național de Istorie a Transilvaniei, Pupeză Paul , Crișan Viorica ,   Muzeul Național de Istorie a Transilvaniei
Published: November 2021

Six graffiti from the time of the Dacian Kingdom were discovered at Covasna – Cetatea Zânelor (Fairies Fortress). Four vessels with graffiti can be associated with a building having the roof supported by three rows of wooden pillars. Two signs were made before firing and other four after burning, on good quality vessels, preserved in a fragmentary condition. The main issue is whether these graffiti are simple scratches or graphic signs.
Diplome der Kaiser des 3. Jh. für Prätorianer – außer Severus Alexander
Authors:   Universität zu Köln, Eck Werner , Pangerl Andreas
Published: November 2021

In contrast to the 1st and 2nd centuries, diplomas for praetorian soldiers became very frequent in the 3rd century. There are 13 new diplomas published here from the decades between Septimius Severus and Philippus Arabs; 16 diplomas from the time of Severus Aexander are excluded, which are published elsewhere. There are five diplomas of Septimius Severus, one of Caracalla, two each of Maximinus Thrax and Philippus Arabs; for three diplomas, the emperor cannot be determined. On the outside of a diploma the text for a praetorian is engraved, and on the inside, for the soldiers of one of the Italian fleets.
Salt exploitation in Roman Dacia. Modern sources and new archaeological surveys
Authors:   Universitatea Al. I. Cuza, Iași, Mihailescu-Bîrliba Lucrețiu
Published: November 2021

The author presents the information of 18th century sources on salt exploitation in Roman Dacia, followed by own archaeological surveys in the salt exploitation areas of Dacia. The results lead to the necessity of systematic archaeological investigations in the researches areas.
A votive inscription from Samum set by Publius Aelius Caerialis
Authors:   Muzeul Național de Istorie a Transilvaniei, Beu-Dachin Eugenia , Isac Adriana ,   Muzeul Național de Istorie a Transilvaniei
Published: November 2021

A votive monument discovered in the summer of 2010 in the military vicus of Samum (Cășeiu) attests a new officer of cohors I Britannica, the decurio Publius Aelius Caerialis. The monument was found in a secondary position, abandoned since ancient times. It was dedicated to a group of five deities of the Roman pantheon and it could be linked to a temple.
Fragmentarische Diplome aus der hadrianisch-antoninischen Regierungszeit
Authors:   Universität zu Köln, Eck Werner , Pangerl Andreas
Published: November 2021

collection of 16 fragments of diplomas from the reigns of Hadrian and Antoninus Pius is published here. They are copies of constitutions for the armies of Dacia Porolissensis, Moesia inferior, Pannonia inferior and Syria as well as for unknown provinces. Some of the constitutions are already known, others are new. In any case, they intensify the records for the armies during the two periods of government.
A fish‑eyed misfit glaring back from antiquity. The peculiar face pot from the centuriae cohortis I milliariae at Potaissa
Authors:   Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Cluj-Napoca, Nedelea Luciana
Published: November 2021

Between 1990–1992, as well as 2011, the archaeological campaigns within the Potaissa legionary fortress focused primarily on researching the centuriae cohortis I milliariae in latus praetorii dextrum. This endeavour lead to the discovery of a total of 928 individual wares. One of the most interesting finds comes in the form of a face pot, a unique discovery so far for this legionary fortress.
The Comparison of Evaluative That Clauses in Turkish L2 Novice and Expert Writers' Abstracts
Authors: ALTUN Hatice
Published: November 2021

How authors adopt a stance and connect with their readers has gotten a lot of attention in the literature and is now a significant part of many ESP courses. What Hyland and Tse (2005b) call ‘evaluative that’ is a primarily underappreciated interpersonal trait. By placing a complement clause within a superordinate sentence, this form allows authors to build authorial stance and explicitly evaluate their own or others' work. It is an important way of giving authorial feedback and assessment when comparing the use of the structure in student and expert abstracts in applied linguistics. The current work explores two corpora comprising 40 abstracts from masters theses and dissertations by Turkish L2 graduate students in the U.S., and 70 abstracts by published research studies in two applied linguistics journals. It was discovered that evaluative that is less commonly used in these abstracts by the novice Turkish L2 graduate students than the published scholars. Although both groups used the structure similarly to a large extent, novice writers presented some peculiar traits concerning the specific uses of the structure. The results of the study give hints about the authorial voice of the expert and L2 novice writers by looking at what writers decided to assess, the viewpoints they adopted, the source they ascribed the stance to, and how they presented their judgments.
Muruy Maşrapasındaki Runik Yazı Üzerinde Yeni Bir Okuma ve Anlamlandırma
Authors: AYDIN Erhan
Published: November 2021

Türklerin bilinen en eski yazılı belgeleri Türk runik harfleriyle yazılmış metinlerdir. Bu metinlerin bir bölümü hatıra taşı, mezar taşı ve kayalara, bir bölümü ise günlük hayatta da kullanılabilen eşyalar üzerine yazılmıştır. Bugün Türk runik harfleriyle yazılmış, beş yüzün üzerinde metin bulunmaktadır. Bu metinler ile ilgili her geçen gün yeni çalışmalar yapılmakta, bilinen okuma ve anlamlandırma sorunları üzerinde yeni öneriler getirilmektedir.

Bu makalede, 1970’li yıllardan beri bilinen, ancak 2008 yılında yayımlanan ilk çalışmaya kadar adından pek de söz edilmeyen iki maşrapa üzerinde durulacaktır. “Muruy maşrapaları” adıyla bilinen bu iki maşrapanın ikincisinde yer alan Türk runik harfli metin üzerinde yeni bir okuma ve anlamlandırma dikkatlere sunulacaktır. Makalede önce iki maşrapa hakkında bilgi verilecek, ardından Türk runik harfli metnin okunuşu ve anlamlandırılması ile ilgili önceki görüşlere değinilecektir. Makalenin üçüncü bölümünde ise, ikinci maşrapadaki Türk runik harfli metin ile ilgili yeni bir okuma ve anlamlandırma verilecek, bu okuyuş ve anlamlandırma ile ilgili gerekçeler gösterilecektir. Son bölümde ise maşrapadaki metin ile öteki maşrapanın altında bulunan damgadan hareket edilerek yazılmış olabileceği coğrafya üzerinde tartışma yapılacak ve hangi bölgeye dahil edilmesi gerektiği konusunda da görüş bildirilecektir.
Gagauz Türkçesi Söz Diziminin Ölçünlü Türkiye Türkçesi Söz Dizimi ile Mukayesesi Üzerine Bir Deneme
Authors: SANDALYECİ Selda
Published: November 2021

Gagauz Türkleri bugün Moldova, Ukrayna, Kazakistan, Azerbaycan, Yunanistan, Bulgaristan, Romanya ve Türkiye’de dağınık olarak yaşamaktadırlar. 1979 ve 1989 nüfus sayımlarında Beyaz Rusya, Özbekistan’da da Gagauzların yaşadığı tespit edilmiştir. (Güngör-Argunşah, 1998: 12)Yoğunluklu olarak yaşadıkları bölge ise Moldova’ya bağlı Gagauz Yeri Özerk Bölgesi’dir. Gagauz Türkçesi yönlere göre Güney Batı grubuna, kavimlere göre ise Oğuz grubuna dâhil olup Türkiye Türkçesi’nin Rumeli ağızlarına en yakın olan Türk lehçesidir.
Peçenek, Oğuz, Kıpçak ve Selçuklu Türkleri tarafından Türkleştirilmiş Dobruca bölgesi’nde Hristiyanlaşmış bir Türk ailesinden gelen Balık, burada bir Oğuz (Gagauz) devleti kurmuştur.(Güngör-Argunşah, 1998: 32-33) 130 yıl yaşamış olan ve bir daha kurulamayan bu devlet, 1389’da Sultan I. Bayezid’in akınlarıyla Osmanlı Devleti yönetimine girmiş ve İstanbul Patrikhanesine bağlı olarak bağımsız bir ekzarhlık halinde kurulmuş olan bağımsız Oğuz Devleti de ortadan kalkmıştır. (Manov, 2001: 25) Tarih sahnesinde Uz ismiyle anılan toplumun da Gagauzlar olduğu varsayılmaktadır. 17. yy.da Bulgaristan’ı gezen Evliya Çelebi Bulgaristan’ın kuzeydoğusuna “Uz Eyaleti” demektedir. (Manov, 2001: 10) Bu eyaletin bir Gagauz devleti olduğu kanısı yaygın olmakla birlikte kesinlik yoktur. Bunlar dışında başka güçlerin bayrağı altında yaşayan Gagauzların dili, dış etkilere çok fazla maruz kalmış, gelişme güçlükleri çekmiş, konuşma dili boyutunda kalmış ve yazı dilini çok geç oluşturabilmiştir. Bu süreçte Gagauz Türkleri ve Türkçesinin en büyük sorunu varlıklarını sürdürebilmek olmuştur.
Gagauz Türkçesi kelime dağarcığında, cümle yapısında ve öğe diziliminde kendisine en yakın yazı dili olan Türkiye Türkçesiyle ortaklıklar olduğu gibi farklılıklar da dikkati çekmektedir. Türkiye Türkçesi ölçünlü dilinde de kimi zaman heyecan veya onarım gibi sebeplerle devrik cümle kuruluşlarına rastlanmaktadır. Bu durumun Gagauz Türkçesinin en önemli ayırt edici özelliklerinden olan devrik cümle kuruluşlarıyla paralel olup olmadığı veya –varsa- kuruluş sebebinin farklılıkları tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Biz bu çalışmamızda Gagauz Edebiyatından seçtiğimiz metinlerde cümle yapılarını ayrıntılı olarak inceleyecek, tamlamalar, birleşik cümleler, heyecan cümleleri gibi değişik yapıları ele alarak Türkiye Türkçesi ölçünlü dilinin öge dizilişiyle Gagauz Türkçesinin öge dizilişini mukayese edeceğiz.
Türk Romanlarında, Öykülerinde ve Tiyatro Oyunlarında Hitaplar Bağlamında Alay ve İğneleme Gönderimleri
Authors: ALKAN ATAMAN Hanife
Published: November 2021

Hitaplar; konuşan tarafından söze başlamak, muhatabın dikkatini çekmek, konuşmaya ilgisini sürdürmek gibi gayelerle sözlü iletişimde tonlamalarla, yazıda ise dilbilgisel işaretleyicilerle ayırt edilebilen genellikle cümle başı vurgulu sözlerdir. Hitaplarla başlamayan konuşmalarda bir eksiklik varmış gibi hissedilir.
Bireyler kimi zaman birbirleriyle eğlenmek, böylece daha hoş vakit geçirmek ihtiyacı duyar. Bu amaçla özellikle samimi görülen kişilerle onlarda eksik ya da fazla olduğu düşünülen hususlar üzerinden alay ederler ve onları iğnelerler. İlgili edimleri gerçekleştirmek için de söz boyutunda alaylı ve iğneleyici dil kullanır, bu kullanımları hitaplarla vurgulu kılarlar. Bu çalışmada çeşitli yazılı metin türlerinden derlenen, dil kullanıcılarının muhataplarıyla alay etmek veya onları iğnelemek maksadıyla seçtikleri hakaret ve küfür içeriği taşımayan ve her ortamda genel bir kullanıma tabi olan hitap biçimleri ele alınmıştır. Dilbilim, toplumdilbilim ve kültür tarihi açısından önemli bir yere sahip olan bu tür kullanımların gün yüzüne çıkarılması ve incelenmesi, kültürün devamlılığını sağlamak ve dilin ifade gücünü yansıtmak bakımından büyük değer taşımaktadır.
A73 (Möndür-Sokkon VI) ve A74 (Sakıyla-Kobı I) Yazıtları Üzerine Anlamlandırma Denemesi
Authors: BAKIR Muhammed Mustafa
Published: November 2021

Eski Türklerin en önem verdikleri yerlerden biri olan Altay Dağları, onlar için hem maddi hem manevi özelliğe sahiptir. Bölgede çeşitli su kaynakları ve ormanlık alanlar mevcuttur. Ayrıca dağ kültünün etkisiyle birlikte bölge kutsal kabul edilmiştir. Çok eski dönemlere dek uzanan Dağlık Altay’daki yaşamın izlerinin en somut örneklerinden biri bölgede tespit edilen yazıtlardır. Bölgede bulunan yazıtların sayısının fazlalığı burasının önemli kültür merkezlerinden biri olduğunu ve insanların okuma-yazma oranlarının yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Yazıtların yanı sıra bölgede pek çok kaya üstü tasvir de mevcuttur. Bütün bunlar dönemin şartları çerçevesinde bölge insanının önemli bir kültür birikimine sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Dağlık Altay’da bulunan yazıtların okuma ve anlamlandırılma çalışmaları bilimsel olarak bölgenin ve bölge insanın anlaşılması hususunda oldukça önemlidir. Dağlık Altay’da bulunan yazıtların tamamı tasnif edilmiş olsa da tamamı okunmamıştır. Bu çalışmada bölge insanını ve onların ilişkilerini yansıtan yazıtlar arasında yer alan A73 Möndür-Sokkon VI ve A74 Sakıyla-Kobı I yazıtları üzerinde yapılan okuma önerisi sunularak yazıtlar içerik özelliklerine göre ele alınmış ve toplum-siyaset ilişkisi ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır.
Prikaz knjige: Greg Woolf, Rome an Empire’s Story
Authors: Stovro Nejra
Published: November 2021

Book Review: Greg Woolf, Rome an Empire’s Story, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2012, 383 str.
Prikaz knjige: Miroslava Mirković, Municipijum S. Rimski grad u Kominima kod Pljevalja
Authors: Šehović Amina
Published: November 2021

Book Review: Miroslava Mirković, Municipijum S. Rimski grad u Kominima kod Pljevalja, Filozofski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Beograd, 2013, 159. str.
An analysis on the housing estate in India in reference to the rising urban slums and what is the current of the economy sector to provide housing to all
Authors: Bhattacharya Sumanta , Sachdev Bhavneet Kaur
Published: November 2021

12 to 13% of the GDP is spent on housing which incorporate gross rent, utilizes and owners imputed rent. Housing is important for all, India is a developing economy, housing price and affordable varies from city to city and also depending upon the population of the state, for better income and education facilitates people shift to the metropolitan cities or smart cities. Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Surat, Bangalore are facing a rise in population, where people are facing housing problems, in India people either have their own homes or they live in rented house, 65,000 million population live in the slums area in rural India due to heavy storm or cyclone the kaccha houses flow away. 1 % of the village have paccha houses which is part of smart villages. The government has launched many schemes for providing housing loans and construction of loans, however with the growing population, we require more space for housing, the smart city mission is one of the ways to provide housing for all. We need to adopt smart technology, smart living and smart housing which will provide maximum benefit at a limited cost.
Organized crime a major crisis in India and its impact on the internal security of India
Authors: Bhattacharya Sumanta , Sachdev Bhavneet Kaur
Published: November 2021

The Linkage between organized crime groups and terrorist groups have strengthen criminal activities like drug trafficking, smuggling of gold, arms and commodities, kidnapping, extortion, human trafficking, fake currency. Organized crime has become a global challenges it has an effect on all the countries involved in this business of supply and demand. Indian terrorist groups has the support of external forces especially who provide them fund in return of drug trafficking, the north –east states and Kashmir this is very common, in fact north east has a parallel government. There are many gangs who conduct this business and Mumbai is the main target being the financial capital and has the biggest port in India, most of the smuggling business is carried out through sea and many terrorist in the past have entered India through sea routes as it is difficult to identify and fake identity card is not recognised. The Indian government has no agencies so strong to tackle this issue only, lack of coordination, resources and manpower, with lack of trained staffs at the police station has made the groups more strong to conduct these activities. Clashes of opinion between the central and the state government to tackle organize crime, increase the time period to come to a single decision. However, we need to strengthen our system and come up with new laws and acts to tackle this menace.