bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the effect of the right lateral tilt position and Trendelenburg position on the right internal jugular vein in healthy volunteers: A prospective observational study
Authors: Uluer Mehmet S , Sargin Mehmet , Başaran Betül
Published: April 2019

Background:

Central venous cannulation is an invasive procedure commonly used by many physicians. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the right lateral tilt position on the cross-sectional area and size of the right internal jugular vein, and the relationship between the right internal jugular vein and the carotid artery.

Method:

Forty healthy volunteers aged over 18 years were included in this prospective, observational study. The right internal jugular vein cross-sectional area and the anatomic relationship with the carotid artery were assessed using ultrasound imaging. This measurement was repeated for four positions (baseline position, 10° right tilt position, 10° Trendelenburg position, and 10° right tilt + 10° Trendelenburg position). The head was rotated 30° to the contralateral side in all patients.

Results:

The mean (standard deviation) right internal jugular vein cross-sectional area, transverse diameter, and anteroposterior diameter were significantly increased with the Trendelenburg position and 10° right tilt + 10° Trendelenburg position (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in right internal jugular vein cross-sectional area, transverse diameter, and anteroposterior diameter between the baseline position and 10° right tilt position (p > 0.05).

Conclusion:

We found that the right lateral tilt position had no effect on the internal jugular vein cross-sectional area and that the Trendelenburg position was still the most valid position for safely increasing the right internal jugular vein cross-sectional area.
Use of Transpulmonary Pressure Monitoring in the Management of Extrapulmonary Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome With multi organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS): Are We Peepophobic?
Authors: Pandey Mukul , Gupta Dhiren , Gupta Neeraj , Sachdev Anil
Published: April 2019

Manipulation of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) has been shown to improve the outcome in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS), but the “ideal” PEEP, in which the compliance and oxygenation are maximized, while overdistension and undesirable hemodynamic effects are minimized, is yet to be determined. Also, for a given level of PEEP, transpulmonary pressure (TPP) may vary unpredictably from patient to patient. Patients with high pleural pressure who are on conventional ventilator settings under inflation may cause hypoxemia. In such patients, raising PEEP to maintain a positive TPP might improve aeration and oxygenation without causing overdistension. We report a case of PARDS, who was managed using real-time esophageal pressure monitoring using the AVEA ventilator and thereby adjusting PEEP to maintain the positive TPP.
The Responsibility to Protect in a world of already existing intervention
Authors: Dunford Robin , Neu Michael
Published: April 2019

In the face of humanitarian crises, members of the international community are often presented with a choice: engage in forms of action, including military intervention, or stand by and watch. This framing ignores practices of intervention that are already taking place and contributing to the emergence and perpetuation of humanitarian crises. Despite calling for more attention to be paid to already existing intervention, literature on the Responsibility to Protect has not adequately understood its implications for the legitimacy and likely effectiveness of military intervention. To redress this gap, we argue, first, that a focus on already existing intervention complicates the moral calculus on which defences of military intervention as part of the Responsibility to Protect are based. Second, we claim that actors already engaged in damaging practices of intervention are bad international citizens who are not fit for the purpose of humanitarian military intervention. Third, we argue that in both ignoring already existing intervention and calling for additional military intervention under its third pillar, the Responsibility to Protect legitimises a moralistic form of militarism. These three arguments show that it is a mistake to follow recent literature in responding to already existing intervention by simply adding to the Responsibility to Protect, for instance, duties to engage in structural prevention and to support refugees. Rather, what is needed is a more fundamental rethink that departs from the Responsibility to Protect.
Habit formation or word of mouth: What does lagged dependent variable in tourism demand models imply?
Authors: Liu Tzu-Ming
Published: April 2019

The effects of habit formation/persistence (HFP) and word of mouth (WOM) each play a critical role in influencing tourists’ decisions regarding whether to visit tourism destinations and therefore tourism policies and tourism management resource allocations. Nevertheless, in previous tourism demand studies, the two effects have been represented by the same time-lagged dependent variable, which makes the variable have an ambiguous meaning and biases the empirical results. The purpose of this study is to solve the ambiguity of a lagged dependent variable in tourism demand. We used economic theories regarding internal habits and external habits to clarify the meanings of HFP and WOM and revised the tourism demand model into a spatial dynamic panel model (SDPM). The empirical results suggested that an SDPM is a more accurate model for modeling tourism demand. The effects of variables in an SDPM are more consistent with theoretical expectations.
A case study of the US mountain bike tourism market
Authors: Buning Richard J , Cole Zachary , Lamont Matthew
Published: April 2019

Communities and regions throughout the United States are investing in the development and enhancement of requisite resources to leverage the growth of mountain bike tourism. However, an understanding of mountain bike tourists’ demographics, travel patterns, trip behaviors, and expenditures is lacking, thereby hampering product and market development efforts. The purpose of this study was to explore the demographics, travel preferences, and travel behaviors of US mountain bike tourists. Through an online survey hosted on a popular mountain bike website, a sample of US mountain bike tourists ( N = 810) was gathered. Data revealed that mountain bike tourists are predominately middle-aged affluent males who take an average of five short-break trips annually of about 400 miles per trip during the spring and summer months, and in the process spend approximately US$400 per trip. Stemming from the results, implications for mountain bike tourism development are discussed.
The impact of telehealth care on health-related quality of life of patients with heart failure: Results from the Danish TeleCare North heart failure trial
Authors: Cichosz Simon L , Udsen Flemming W , Hejlesen Ole
Published: April 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to assess the impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of a telehealth care solution compared with usual practice of patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods

A randomized controlled trial with a telehealth care solution (Telekit) as the intervention (with a focus on self-empowerment achieved by engaging patients in their own illness through self-monitoring) combined with usual care and usual care as the control. The primary outcome was a change in HRQoL as measured by the Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire Physical Component Summary (PCS) score. Secondary outcomes were changes in HRQoL as measured by the SF-36 questionnaire Mental Component Summary (MSC) score and the HF disease-specific questionnaire Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire 12 (KCCQ12) score, all of which were assessed from baseline to approximately 12 months’ follow-up between the two groups. Outcomes were assessed via unadjusted and adjusted analyses.

Results

At baseline, 299 (145 interventions, 154 controls) patients were enrolled. In the primary analysis ( n = 299), the adjusted intervention effects were PCS –0.81 (95% CI −2.7–1.1), MCS 4.66 (95% CI 1.8–7.5) and KCCQ12 3.67 (95% CI −0.7–8.1). Only the change in MCS was statistically significant. An unadjusted analysis replicated the primary analysis. Complete case analyses ( n = 193) generally resulted in a lower intervention effect on the PCS score, but the difference remained statistically insignificant.

Conclusions

Only the MCS score was significantly higher in the telehealth care group compared to the control group. ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02860013), July 28, 2016
Melnikov-based analysis for chaotic dynamics of spin-orbit motion of a gyrostat satellite
Authors: Abtahi Seyed Mahdi
Published: April 2019

Interactions of the orbital motion on attitude dynamics of the gyrostat satellite are considered in this paper. The mathematical model is derived using the Hamiltonian method for the spin-orbit motion of the spacecraft followed by the reduction of the coupled equations of motion using the extended Deprit canonical transformation. The analytical Melnikov method is used innovatively to study chaos on the complex Spin-Orbit dynamics of the gyrostat satellite. Also, the numerical methods such as Lyapunov exponent criterion, Poincaré section, trajectories of phase portrait, and the time–history responses can be proved the heteroclinic bifurcation and chaotic vibrations in the highly nonlinear system. Using the results based on the Melnikov integral, the parameters of the spacecraft including the mass and inertia moment of satellite with respect to the altitude of orbit can be designed in order to control the bifurcation with a view to prevention of chaos in the system in the absence of an active control system.
Reflexive embodied ethnography with applied sensibilities: methodological reflections on involved qualitative research
Authors: Field-Springer Kimberly
Published: April 2019

In this article, I illustrate reflexive embodied ethnography with applied sensibilities as an approach for performing, interpreting, and applying qualitative research. I argue that we enter the field as embodied beings hoping to find significant insights with the potential to connect with other persons’ lived experiences, which in my work involves searching for answers to health conditions. Reflexive embodied ethnography: a) recognizes that each field experience potentially changes how we come to perceive, understand, and act in the world; b) receptively approaches our own and others’ responses to experiences that transcend language; and c) enhances our awareness that we also re-constitute worlds with our words. Applied ethnographic sensibilities include: a) reconstructing our social world through storied reflections grounded in our bodies; and b) revealing meanings that move us towards social action through examining discourse and ‘extra’ discourse-in-use.
Stress monitoring of prestressing strands in corrosive environments using modulated higher-order guided ultrasonic waves
Authors: Dubuc Brennan , Ebrahimkhanlou Arvin , Salamone Salvatore
Published: April 2019

This article investigates a guided ultrasonic wave–based data fusion approach for nondestructively monitoring stress redistribution in strands under active corrosion. Within this approach, the stress dependence of velocity (i.e. the acoustoelastic effect) is leveraged for stress measurement, while targeting advantageous frequencies of higher-order modes. To accommodate practical scenarios, where artificial velocity shifts are introduced by sensor reattachment/replacement, a technique called modal modulation is also proposed. To demonstrate the approach, accelerated corrosion testing was carried out on a prestressed strand while measuring higher-order modes in the core wire. The strand was subjected to 29 cycles of accelerated corrosion, with the last cycle resulting in peripheral wire fracture. Data from several higher-order modes yielded multiple estimations of corrosion-induced stress change, which were processed into a single estimate using data fusion and outlier analysis. The data fusion estimate decreased uncertainty (quantified with Gaussian process regression) and showed good agreement with measured values, especially where a large stress increase due to fracture was identified. The results demonstrated that higher-order modes were well suited to data fusion and also confirmed the value of modal modulation.
CEO long-term orientation and elite university education
Authors: Miller Danny , Xu Xiaowei
Published: April 2019

Scholars have advocated the importance of a long-term orientation to the sustainable management of organizations, but few have examined its sources. We develop more fully the concept of long-term orientation, and from the perspective of upper echelons theory, argue and demonstrate that a CEO’s human capital and motivation, as signaled by graduation from a top-ranked university, relates positively to three aspects reflecting long-term orientation. These include strategy in the form of profit reinvestment, R&D expenditure, and honest reporting of earnings; greater exclusive personal commitments of CEO time and finances to the firm; and stewardship of stakeholders such as employees and the community. Our findings are derived from a study of the BoardEx database of 1459 CEOs of US corporations from 2003 to 2013, and are robust to endogeneity concerns and to more inclusive rosters of elite universities.
Hereditary Breast Cancer Risk Analysis in Uninsured Mexican-Origin Women Living in the U.S.–Mexico Border Region
Authors: Salinas Jennifer J. , Roy Renet , Dwivedi Alok K. , Shokar Navkiran K.
Published: April 2019

Purpose:

This article describes the risk of hereditary breast cancer (HBC) in low-income Hispanic women living on the U.S.–Mexico border using the Pedigree Assessment Tool (PAT).

Method:

The PAT was administered as part of the El Paso and Hudspeth County Breast Cancer Education, Screening and NavigaTion program (BEST). Baseline data ( n = 1,966) from this program was used to analyze risk factors for HBC. Analysis was conducted to determine significant covariates associated with the presence of any PAT risk factors.

Results:

The PAT identified 17% (95% CI [15%, 19%]) of the women in the study as having some risk of HBC. Having had a mammogram within 3 years was significantly associated with having any PAT risk factors (odds ratio [OR] = 1.79, p = .006). Women who immigrated to the United States during childbearing age (OR = 0.610, p = .009) or during peri/menopause (OR = 0.637, p = .024) were significantly less likely to have any PAT risk factors.

Discussion:

The PAT instrument detected a substantial pool of women who may be at risk for HBC. A significant proportion of these women were not up to date mammogram.

Conclusions:

The PAT is an effective tool to identify women at risk for HBC and encourage regular screening.
Improving life after stroke needs global efforts to implement evidence-based physical activity pathways
Authors: van Wijck Frederike , Bernhardt Julie , Billinger Sandra A , Bird Marie-Louise , Eng Janice , English Coralie , Teixeira-Salmela Luci Fuscaldi , MacKay-Lyons Marilyn , Melifonwu Rita , Sunnerhagen Katharina S , Solomon John M , Thilarajah Shamala , Mead Gillian
Published: April 2019

There is an urgent need to improve life after stroke across the world—especially in low-income countries—through methods that are effective, equitable and sustainable. This paper highlights physical activity (PA) as a prime candidate for implementation. PA reduces modifiable risk factors for first and recurrent stroke and improves function and activity during rehabilitation and following discharge. Preliminary evidence also indicates PA is cost-effective. This compelling evidence urgently needs to be translated into seamless pathways to enable stroke survivors across the world to engage in a more active lifestyle. Although more quality research is needed—particularly on how to optimize uptake and maintenance of PA—this should not delay implementation of high-quality evidence already available. This paper shares examples of best practice service models from low-, middle-, and high-income countries around the world. The authors call for a concerted effort to implement high-quality PA services to improve life after stroke for all.
Chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Dickson Emma , Hopkins Claire
Published: April 2019

Chronic rhinosinusitis affects 10.9% of the UK adult population, affecting quality of life and with significant economic cost. The aetiology is unknown, and diagnosis can present challenges. It is characterised by inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses that leads to nasal obstruction, discharge, facial pain or pressure and loss of smell, persisting for more than 3 months. Nasal cavity examination aids diagnosis. It is subdivided into chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyposis. Nasal corticosteroids and saline irrigation make up current baseline management in primary care, with referral to ENT recommended for those with persistent symptoms. Physicians should be alert to persistent unilateral symptoms and the risk of sino-nasal tumours.
Early revision in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty in osteoarthritis: a cross-registry comparison
Authors: Dillon Mark T , Page Richard S , Graves Stephen E , Lorimer Michelle F , Prentice Heather A , Harris Jessica E , Paxton Elizabeth W , Navarro Ronald A
Published: April 2019

Background

We evaluated anatomic total shoulders undergoing early revision (less than two years) in the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR) and the Kaiser Permanente Shoulder Arthroplasty Registry (KPSAR).

Methods

A cross-sectional comparison of both registries was performed between the years of 2009 and 2012. Only patients who underwent anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty for a primary diagnosis of osteoarthritis were included. Aggregate-level data of patients undergoing early revisions done within two years of index arthroplasty were evaluated, and descriptive analysis was conducted.

Results

During the study period, 4614 patients were identified in the AOANJRR compared to 2036 in the KPSAR. Rotator cuff pathology, component loosening, and prosthetic instability were among the most common reasons for revision in both registries. A higher rate of revision in the AOANJRR was found to be secondary to the failure of one specific prosthesis, which has since been discontinued

Discussion

Comparing reasons for early revision in total shoulder arthroplasty revealed several similarities between the AOANJRR and KPSAR. Differences were also noted, and this study served to highlight the importance prosthesis selection can play in determining outcomes. Cooperation among registries may allow for earlier identification of risk factors for failure in shoulder arthroplasty.
The impact of histopathological analysis of anterior peri-prostatic fat in radical prostatectomy patients
Authors: Filby Joseph , Nesbitt Alexander L , Ravichandran Kapilan , Antoniou Stefan , Smith Philip G , Evans Garrath A , Shepherd Benjamin , Pridgeon Simon W
Published: April 2019

Objective:

To determine the usefulness of histopathological analysis of peri-prostatic fat in a cohort of prostate cancer patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) in an Australian regional centre. During RP, removal of the anterior peri-prostatic fat (APPF) is commonly undertaken; some surgeons routinely request histopathological analysis of this specimen. Previously published data show positive cancer detection in peri-prostatic fat in 0–2.5% of specimens and positive yields are mostly detected in patients with adverse pathological features.

Subjects and methods:

All patients undergoing RP in a regional urology unit in Queensland were identified. Pathology results were examined retrospectively to determine the rate of cancer involvement in APPF specimens and medical records were reviewed to assess any clinical impact.

Results:

APPF was sent for pathological analysis in 270/298 (90%) of patients undergoing RP. Prostate cancer was detected in one sample containing a single involved lymph node in a patient with Gleason 5 + 4 = 9 prostate cancer and pathological stage pT3bN1R1Mx. The presence of the cancer in the APPF did not affect the decision to offer adjuvant radiotherapy.

Conclusion:

In our population, we have identified a positive cancer yield of 0.3% in APPF specimens. When combined with all previously published series, we found positive cancer detection in 72/7391 (1%) specimens, and most patients with positive fat involvement had adverse pre-operative and final pathological features. Surgeons may consider omitting sending APPF specimens for analysis based on the low yield with little additional staging information. If surgeons continue this practice, they should consider selectively requesting analysis in intermediate- and high-risk patients.

Level of evidence:

2b
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography: Practical Usefulness
Authors: Blackorby Barton L. , Smith Bradley T.
Published: April 2019

Purpose:

The purpose of this article is to highlight the practical usefulness of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in the management of a spectrum of retinal diseases and support it as a reimbursable diagnostic tool by third-party payers.

Methods:

Case presentations are discussed.

Results:

Noninvasive OCTA provides information to guide clinical decision making, prognosis, and treatment response across a wide variety of retinal disorders.

Conclusions:

OCTA is able to detect ischemic and neovascular processes in numerous retinal diseases and is valuable for diagnosis and treatment. OCTA is able to meet all the criteria required for reimbursement of a new diagnostic test and should be considered by payers as a necessary test when indicated.
Research-to-Resource: Designing Singing Assessments for Classroom Use
Authors: Nichols Bryan E.
Published: April 2019

Research has provided several scales for valid assessments of singing skills. Singing voice development and singing accuracy (tunefulness) are frequent objectives targeted by teachers in music classrooms. Teachers and directors may find established scoring systems useful for implementing formative or summative assessments. This research-to-resource article provides examples for teachers to use or adapt to promote and encourage singing growth.
Preclinical development of CD37CAR T-cell therapy for treatment of B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Köksal Hakan , Dillard Pierre , Josefsson Sarah E. , Maggadottir Solrun Melkorka , Pollmann Sylvie , Fåne Anne , Blaker Yngvild Nuvin , Beiske Klaus , Huse Kanutte , Kolstad Arne , Holte Harald , Kvalheim Gunnar , Smeland Erlend B. , Myklebust June H. , Inderberg Else Marit , Wälchli Sébastien
Published: April 2019

T cells modified to express chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting CD19 (CD19CAR) have produced remarkable clinical responses in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. CD19CAR T-cell therapy has also demonstrated prominent effects in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) patients. However, a subset of patients who relapse after CD19CAR T-cell therapy have outgrowth of CD19− tumor cells. Hence, development of alternative CARs targeting other B-cell markers represents an unmet medical need for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and B-NHL. Here, we confirmed previous data by showing that, overall, B-NHL has high expression of CD37. A second-generation CD37CAR was designed, and its efficacy in T cells was compared with that of CD19CAR. In vitro assessment of cytotoxicity and T-cell function upon coculture of the CAR T cells with different target B-cell lymphoma cell lines demonstrated comparable efficacy between the 2 CARs. In an aggressive B-cell lymphoma xenograft model, CD37CAR T cells were as potent as CD19CAR T cells in controlling tumor growth. In a second xenograft model, using U2932 lymphoma cells containing a CD19− subpopulation, CD37CAR T cells efficiently controlled tumor growth and prolonged survival, whereas CD19CAR T cells had limited effect. We further show that, unlike CD19CAR, CD37CAR was not sensitive to antigen masking. Finally, CD37CAR reactivity was restricted to B-lineage cells. Collectively, our results demonstrated that CD37CAR T cells also can effectively eradicate B-cell lymphoma tumors when CD19 antigen expression is lost and support further clinical testing for patients with relapsed/refractory B-NHL.
Global mental health and sustainable development 2018
Authors: Jenkins Rachel
Published: April 2019

The Lancet Commission summarises some of the history of mental health concepts, recent developments in scientific understanding, mental health programmes and threats to progress, and proposes a way forward. Although ostensibly aiming to reframe global mental health within the paradigm of sustainable development, in practice it has taken a narrower academic perspective rather than a generic approach to health and social sector reform, leading to much less of an integrated implementation focus than would have been useful.
Evaluating the retention of skills in postgraduate physician students following a theoretical-practical course in Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support
Authors: Holguín Carvajal Juan Pablo , Robalino Guerrero Rodrigo Alejandro , Salgado Castillo Carla Marina , Buitrón Andrade Luis René , Zamora Rosero Carla Patricia , Salgado Castillo María Fernanda
Published: April 2019

Background:  For every minute CPR is delayed, the probability of survival decreases by up to 10%. For this reason, guidelines recommend routine CPR training for health care providers to improve their performance and patient results. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the retention capacity of postgraduate students of Critical Areas of the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador following a theoretical-practical course in Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS).

Methods: A total of 140 students were recruited and divided into three groups according to studied subject: Emergency Medicine and Disasters, Anesthesiology, and Critical Medicine. A theoretical-practical course was carried out, and theoretical and practical skills were assessed immediately and subsequently one month after ACLS training. For statistical analysis, measures of central tendency, one-way ANOVA, T-test and ANCOVA were used.

Results: Scores for the immediate theoretical exam were 58.6% immediately after the intervention vs 40% 30 days after the intervention; in the immediate practical exam this was 77% vs 35.7%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between the three groups for the initial practical examination; however, for the evaluation 30 days after training a significant difference was found between Anesthesiology and the other two postgraduate studies.

Conclusions: Knowledge and practical skills in ACLS of postgraduate physicians of Critical Areas deteriorate 30 days after training, especially in practical skills compared with theoretical knowledge. The results of this research indicate that it is necessary to carry out update courses more frequently, in order to keep knowledge and skills at a level that guarantees adequate care to the patient to reduce potential risk of death or disability.
Relato Analítico de um Projeto de Extensão Tecnológica com Robótica Pedagógica usando Tecnologia Arduino, em Santa Catarina
Authors: Zaak Saraiva Illyushin , Silva Ícaro Ilo , Antonello Ricardo , Oliveira Rafael Garlet , Neves Raphael Da Costa , Lacerda Matheus Souza de , Santos Luiz Guilherme Menezes , Abreu Thiago Tavares , Brand Maicon Renan
Published: April 2019

A utilização de robôs como ferramenta para aumentar o interesse de crianças e adolescentes no ambiente escolar já completa algumas décadas (SILVA, 2009), tendo sido primeiro analisada por Papert (1969; 1980), apresentando atualmente números substantivos em países da Europa, Ásia e América do Norte (BRANDEIS, 2013). Essa utilização pedagógica de equipamentos autômatos, sejam pré-fabricados ou construídos pelos próprios estudantes, chamada Robótica Pedagógica, tem tomado vulto no Brasil nos últimos 15 anos, especialmente devido a particularidades próprias da educação brasileira (BIENIEK et al., 2012). Este trabalho apresenta resultados do projeto de Robótica Pedagógica com tecnologia Arduino iniciado no 2º semestre de 2016 em um Instituto Federal que realizou dezenas de oficinas de montagem e programação de kits de Robótica em escolas públicas dos níveis fundamental e médio da região meio-oeste Catarinense, ação extensionista que promoveu intercâmbio entre o conhecimento científico-acadêmico produzido no Campus e o saber tradicional/regional trazido da comunidade. A metodologia das oficinas, que duravam entre 2 e 4 horas, consistia de 2 fases: (1) a parte teórica, quando os bolsistas apresentam aos alunos uma pequena introdução sobre robótica e sua evolução; (2) a parte prática, quando os Robôs “Segue Linha” montados pelos próprios alunos percorrem uma pequena pista construída com fita isolante sobre papel branco. O projeto finalizou no início de 2018, e atualmente está-se produzindo uma apostila didática. Julga-se que o projeto contribui para a melhoria da educação nas escolas públicas atendidas, bem como para aprofundar os conhecimentos atualmente existentes sobre Robótica Pedagógica no Brasil.
Changes of tissue images visualised by ultrasonography in the process of pressure ulcer occurrence
Authors: Kitamura Aya , Yoshimura Mine , Nakagami Gojiro , Yabunaka Koichi , Sanada Hiromi
Published: April 2019

Objective:

Ultrasonography is suitable for assessing pressure ulcers, and several features of ultrasonographic images that indicate abnormalities have been reported. However, no study has compared ultrasonographic images between normal and pressure-loaded skin and subcutaneous tissue from the same patients. This study aimed to assess lateral thoracic tissue using ultrasonography for both pre- and postoperative conditions and investigate changes in the tissue caused by loading. Surgeries were performed with patients in the park-bench position.

Method:

A nursing researcher obtained ultrasonographic images of the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the lower thoracic region in areas in contact with the surgical table one or two days before and after surgery. This study focused on three groups of two patients who had a category I pressure ulcer (PU), blanchable erythema, or normal skin on their lateral thoracic region.

Results:

A total of six patients participated. Postoperatively, muscle layers became thinner and less clear compared with pre-operative conditions in patients with the Category I pressure ulcers. These patients complained of significant pain in the areas of their pressure ulcers.

Conclusion:

Thickness of muscle layers could be an early sign of deep tissue injury.
Tooth Autotransplantation Part 1: uses, indications and factors affecting success
Authors: Monteiro Joana , Barber Sophy , Jawad Zynab , Duggal Monty , Houghton Nadine
Published: April 2019

Management of severe traumatic injuries and complex dental anomalies in children requires a holistic approach with planning for both short- and long-term eventualities. The goal is to provide biological treatment that maximizes the long-term dental health, appearance and function. Tooth autotransplantation is one potential solution for tooth replacement that is able to fulfil these aims. This series of four articles provides an overview of autotransplantation, including a description of the biological basis for the technique and factors affecting success. It will also provide an outline of the indications and the procedures involved for performing autotransplantation, including the interdisciplinary approach to treatment planning and management. This first article discusses the history of tooth transplantation, indications and the factors that can influence outcome.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Orthodontists should be aware that tooth autotransplantation is a highly versatile technique with good success rates if used in favourable cases. This method should be considered part of the armamentarium for tooth replacement in a growing child.
Decision Making and Communication About Child Spacing Among Somali Couples in Minnesota
Authors: Cox Carie Muntifering , Ahmed Fathi , Mitchell Ashley , Ganey Abdillahi , Kahin Adar , Kahin Abdillahi
Published: April 2019

CONTEXT

Since civil unrest broke out in Somalia in the 1990s, large numbers of Somalis have immigrated to Western countries, including the United States. It is unknown whether these immigrants maintain their cultural norms of low contraceptive use and high fertility when they live in settings with different norms.

METHODS

In 2016, interviews were conducted in Minnesota with Somali immigrants and refugees to explore couple communication and decision making regarding child spacing. Nineteen married men and women aged 25–51 were interviewed. After a coding scheme was developed, key themes were identified and examined by participants’ sex, number of children and age of arrival in the United States.

RESULTS

Most participants discussed child spacing with their spouse and had positive or neutral experiences. Some participants, especially those with multiple children, stated that living in their new country had influenced their fertility desires. Only those who had arrived after the age of 20 mentioned that experiencing closely spaced births had motivated them to discuss child spacing. Participants emphasized the importance of information sharing, compromise and joint decision making with their spouse. Priority for child‐spacing decision making was granted to women, largely because of their primary role in childbirth. Men who had arrived in the United States before turning 20 were more definitive about giving women decision‐making priority.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings provide insight into how Somali immigrant and refugee couples communicate and make decisions about child spacing, and may be helpful in informing the development of culturally specific reproductive health programs.
Assimilació de destreses i aplicacions pràctiques consegüents en l’àmbit de la comunicació social, la mediació lingüística i la gestió cultural
Authors: Escandell Dari
Published: April 2019

Presentació del monogràfic Comunicació, llengua i mediació cultural
Aplicació didàctica de la ràdio al context escolar
Authors: Moriel Bueno Virginia
Published: April 2019

Aquest treball pretén explorar l’ensenyament i aprenentatge del valencià i en valencià des d’un punt de vista pragmàtic mitjançant una eina que permet dotar a l’escola d’activitats que propicien un aprenentatge significatiu: la ràdio. A través d’un projecte de ràdio escolar es donarà resposta a dos aspectes primordials: el disseny d’activitats que asseguren el desenvolupament de les capacitats dels alumnes mitjançant situacions de la vida quotidiana, i el fet de propiciar situacions comunicatives en valencià perquè els infants tinguen una millor competència comunicativa sense bandejar el folklore valencià, que incrementarà el sentiment de pertinença dels estudiants, sobretot dels castellanoparlants.
L’art de la paraula: Almudena Francés
Authors: Reus Bas M. del Mar
Published: April 2019

L’objectiu d’aquest treball és demostrar la importància de la paraula, del llenguatge oral en l’actualitat. És per això que hem volgut tractar l’ofici de contacontes i basar-nos en la figura d’Almudena Francés, transmissora d’històries i creadora d’emocions.
Nikah Mut'ah Dalam Literatur Kitab Hadis
Authors: Marhumah Ema
Published: April 2019

There are two hadith that discuss the issue of mut'ah marriage, one of them permits mut'ah marriage, while the other hadith forbids its existence. In terms of the legitimacy of hadith (takhrij hadith), both hadith demonstrate their validity, meaning that both hadith can serve as evidence in making laws. In the view of the writer, these two hadith cannot be separated. In the writer's analysis, they are related and in fact strengthen each other, in the way that eventually mut'ah marriage was prohibited. Hence the two hadith are not contradictory. What occurred was a nullification of the law of mut'ah marriage which was previously allowed, then was later forbidden. One law was repealed and replaced by a new one, making the old law legally null and void.
Aspek-Aspek Kritis Dunia "Kaum Ketiga"
Authors: Koeswinarno Koeswinarno
Published: April 2019

Nowadays in some advanced countries homosexuality is being given increasing social acknowledgement compared to previous times. Here in Indonesia there are a small number of homosexuals who have started to open up socially. This article analyses the tendencies of "other homosexuals" - that is, transvestites and transsexuals, and tries to understand their world from the inside. Up to now the majority of society still tends to negatively stereotype them, making their life marginalized, even though socially they are far more open compared to homosexuals. For this reason we need to face the issue of transvestites with a perspective of wisdom.
Pandangan Islam Tentang Aborsi
Authors: Nasution Khoiruddin
Published: April 2019

There is controversy over whether or not abortion should be· allowed. However Islamic thinkers agree that abortion may be carried out in cases where the pregnancy threatens the life of the mother. In the writer's opinion, the prohibition on abortion has been made for certain reasons, and conversely there are certain reasons or conditions under which abortion can be tolerated. These certain conditions may include pregnancy as a result of rape, pregnancy as ·a result of incest, disturbances in the physical health of the mother even though they are not life threatening, mental health problems, disability of the foetus and so on. These factors will have a strong impact on the life of the child as well as that of the mother, and as such, these indications can be reasons to allow abortion.
Kepala Negara Perempuan Dalam Perspektif Hadis
Authors: Najib Agus Moh.
Published: April 2019

The classical ulama agreed that women are not allowed to be the head ofa state. This view was based on, among others, the context when they lived. Besides, there was an often quoted hadith stating that it was forbidden for the Muslim community to choose women as their head of state. This is of course a discriminative view, 'especially when is considered in light of current socio-political circumstances. This article is an initial attempt to scrutinize this very hadith both from its chain of transmission and from its content. There are two approaches  developed by the ulama in understanding hadith texts: some tended to explore the generality of the hadith texts, and some tended to analyze the context within which the texts were written
Kepemimpinan Keluarga Dalam Kajian Kontekstual
Authors: Zenrif MF
Published: April 2019

The problem of family leadership is heatedly debated: "should there only man or woman to hold the position as the head of a family?" This article offers some alternatives on the reformulation of the concept of family leadership from the Islamic perspective. Even though the topic was discussed by both classical and modem ulama, a comprehensive analysis on the leadership of women in a family is required. This article is meant to offer some models in empowering women.
"Perwalian" Dalam Perundang-Undangan Indonesia, Irak dan Syria
Authors: Baidowi Ahmad
Published: April 2019

Within the Islamic marriage law, the issue of guardianship (wali) is quite important to discuss. There is no agreement on the "position" ofthe guardian within marriage in various madzhab. Furthermore, there are debates within the feminists on this very issue. Within numerous laws in different Muslim countries such as Indonesia and Iraq, the issue of guardianship has undergone some changes. This article attempts at exploring four laws on the guardianship in three Muslim countries: Indonesia, Iraq, and Syria.
Relasi Gender Antar Anggota Keluarga: Pengalaman Tiga Perempuan dalam Perspektif Agama dan Perubahan Sosial
Authors: Syamsiyatun Siti
Published: April 2019

During the course of women's movement history in Indonesia since a century ago, 'educated' women have had assumed significant roles. They have become one of the most important agents to promote social changes in Indonesian community, particularly in the areas affecting women's standing in society, such as improving and extending education, women's representation in the parliament, challenging the practice of child marriage and women in the work force. This paper attempts to portray women's empirical experiences in dealing with their domestic affairs with particular emphasis given to the nature of their gender relationships with husband and parents in law. The women participating in this preliminary study do not represent the 'working class' who has limited qualifications in terms of training and professional skills. Far from those characteristics, they all hold higher degree in education and have stable career as professionals. Based on several series of interviews, the study finds that while the women have achieved greater social and economic status and independency within their public life, the condition of the gender relation within the confine of family household remains the same. It is found that women have been assigned greater responsibility for maintaining the relationships within their own immediate family as well as with their in laws'. Not only do these women experience double burdens, they are exposed to multi burdens, in terms of gender relations with their in laws.
Bias Gender Dalam Perceraian (Studi Perbandingan antara Talak dan Cerai Gugat)
Authors: Sopyan Yayan
Published: April 2019

Islam respects the existence of marriage institutions and terms marriage as a strong bound (misthaqan ghaliza) that has to be looked after. However, Islam allows married couples who have some reasonable arguments to get a divorce albeit this is not a preferable deed. InIslam, divorce could be initiated by either husband (talaq) or wife (khulu'). This article is an attempt at discussing the question of divorce in Islam, focusing on the issues of talaq and khulu'. It then discusses how the divorce proceedings are implemented at Religious Courts in Indonesia.
Membaca Filsafat Yang Memperhitungkan Suara Feminis (Book Review)
Authors: Faizah Nur
Published: April 2019

Judul : Filsafat Berperspektif FeminisPenulis : Gadis AriviaPenerbit : Yayasan Jurnal Perempuan (YJP), JakartaCetakan : Pertama, September 2003Tebal : vi + 336 Halaman
Anak Dalam Perspektif Hadis
Authors: Suryadi Suryadi
Published: April 2019

The future of a nation, including Indonesia, can be predicted from the current condition of its children. A nation may have a good vision of their future if children are living in a good life, in a good health whether physically or psychologically, and free from any violence. In contrast, if the current condition of children is bad, such as what we find in Indonesia which is among the eight most populous Muslim countries, we may be pesimistics over the future of our nation. Children experiencing violences one after another particularly in Muslim counries intrigues our conscience whether there is something wrong in our understanding over religious texts, hadits in this context. Hadits has been taken as a religious source for raising children, for education as well as development of children's future. Presumably incorrect understanding of hadits on children raising and education has provoked violence on them. This article seeks to present better understanding of several prophetic traditions on children issues, and to promote the messages of the Prophet Muhammad to rectify the quality of children.
Hak Anak Dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Syaidah Khasnah
Published: April 2019

The children are not miniature of the man. They have own world with all special characteristics. They have numerous potencies. These potencies must be developed with education. Without understanding about them, the parents can not give the best experient. The parents can recognize them with education. Today, there is phenomenon that government and social foundation commit to effort in the direction of humanizing children toward liberating them from transgression and oppression, for example: trafficking, seduction, drug, etc. This article wants to discuss the children's rights for life in Islamic perspective.
Asas dan Tujuan Perlindungan Anak Dalam Pasal 2 dan 3 Undang-undang No 23 Tahun 2002: Telaah Perspektif Islam
Authors: Wahid Wawan Gunawan Abd.
Published: April 2019

People in Indonesia pay more attention to children issues nowadays The Government has made many efforts to anticipate the problems, primarily by issuing the regulations. The newest regulation issued by the Government is regulation number 23 year 2002 on Children Protection. The regulation, which has 14 chapters and 93 articles, includes many important points and one of them is on the principles and goals of children protection, in article 2 and 3. This article shows that within an Islamic perspective the content of those articles is in line with Universal Islamic Norms.
Pengantin Pesanan Pos (Mail Order Bride): Modus Operandi Human Trafficking di Indonesia
Authors: Lessy Zulkipli
Published: April 2019

Marriage for some people is a sacred thing: it is a part of the important forms of worship of God. The sacredness, nevertheless, to some extent disappears when the marriage mainly becomes a trap that concludes with prostitution and slavery. This article examines mail-order bride as a form of human  trafficking. Women in this kind of trafficking are primarily trafficked for prostitution industries. The mail,order bride arrangements occur in Indonesia and, also, in many countries in South Asia and Southeast Asia, including Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Vietnam, and Malaysia. This form of trafficking is more difficult to deal with because of its hidden schema: marriage is commonly considered an individual privacy wherein outsiders cannot easily interfere.
Lembar Fakta Trafficking Untuk Anak Yang Dilacurkan di Indonesia dan Penegakan Hukumnya
Authors: Handayani I Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi , Zamroni Mohammad
Published: April 2019

Human trafficking is one of activities that constitute serious violence against human rights, particularly the rights of women and children trafficked. In fact, trafficking has become a universal phenomenon and is considered the enemy of all countries in the world. In Indonesia, women and children are trafficked from one country to another and within the country itself. They are trafficked for domestic work, waiters, entertainers, booked brides, beggars or prostitution. Law enforcement in both national and international levels has been conducted. The laws, nevertheless, cannot effectively overcome the problem of trafficking in women and children
Menolak Menstrual Taboo dan "Angan-angan" Fiqh Kesetaraan
Authors: Mudaris Hudan
Published: April 2019

Women's issues have always stimulated discussion; and amongst the most debated issues is about menstruation or popularly known as haidh in Islamic literature. This signifies that although menstruation is a routine event for most adult women, it has significant consequencesfor their lives. The debates on the issues of menstruation is heated when they are not only seen within the context of women's reproductive and sexual health, but also put into the theological frame, such as in the event related to religious rituals of prayers and hajj (pilgrimage to the holy land Mecca), in which menstruating women are prohibited to engage with.