bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Hydrostatic Pressure on the Binding Energy of Hydrogenic Impurity State in a Wurtzite AlyGa1-yN/AlxGa1-xN Parabolic Quantum Well
Authors: Zhao Feng Qi , Bo Zhao
Published: September 2020

The influence of hydrostatic pressure on the binding energy of hydrogenic impurity state in a wurtzite AlyGa1-yN/AlxGa1-xN parabolic quantum well and GaN/AlxGa1-xN square quantum well are studied using the variational method. The ground-state binding energies are presented as the functions of hydrostatic pressure, well width, composition and impurity center position. The anisotropic properties of the parameters in the system, and the changes (dependence) of electron effective mass, the dielectric constant, band gap with pressure and coordinate are considered in the numerical calculations. The results show that the hydrostatic pressure has obvious influence on the binding energy. The binding energy increase slowly with increasing the hydrostatic pressure p and the composition x, while the binding energy decrease significantly with increasing the well width and the position of impurity center. It is seen that the changing trends of the binding energy as a function of well width, pressure and the composition in the AlyGa1-yN/AlxGa1-xN parabolic quantum well are basically the same with that in the GaN/AlxGa1-xN square quantum well, but the changing trends of the binding energy as a function of impurity center position in the AlyGa1-yN/AlxGa1-xN parabolic quantum well are significantly greater than that in the GaN/AlxGa1-xN square quantum well.
Recognition of the Crystal Structure Clusters in Fast-Cooled Amorphous Medium
Authors: German Evgenii I. , Thydypov Shulun B.
Published: September 2020

A series of computer experiments using the molecular dynamics method, imitating the processes of the argon particles system cooling at different cooling rates, was carried out. As a result of modeling, solid phases of varying degrees of order were obtained, a comparative analysis of structures was performed using the calculation of the radial distribution functions of particles and using the author’s algorithm for recognizing clusters of a crystal structure.
Amorphous Porous Phase of Nitinol Generated by Ultrafast Isobaric Cooling
Authors: Galimzyanov Bulat N. , Mokshin Anatolii V.
Published: September 2020

Titanium nickelide (nitinol) is of great applied interest in various industries due to unique combination of its physical and mechanical characteristics. In the present work, we consider the possibility of obtaining nitinol with mesoporous structure by rapidly cooling the molten sample to room temperature. Based on molecular dynamics simulation data, it was shown that the rapid cooling of the nitinol melt leads to formation of a porous structure. It was shown that the inner pore wall is formed mainly by titanium atoms, which provide biocompatibility of nitinol. It was found that the porosity of nitinol weakly depends on the cooling rate, while the porosity increases linearly with decreasing melt density.
Synthesis and Optical Absorption Properties of Yttrium (III) Acylaminocarboxylates Complexes
Authors: Zhang Ying , Gerile Naren , Zhang Jin Kang , Bao Ta Na , Tegus Ojiyed
Published: September 2020

Yttrium (III) complexes of Acylaminocarboxylates (N-octanoyl-alaninates, N-octanoyl-phenylalaninate, N-octanoyl-serinates) were prepared by chemical reaction method in methanol solution. The abbreviation of these yttrium (III) complexes were Y(oct-ala)3, Y(oct-phe)3 and Y(oct-ser)3 respectively. These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, XRD, FT-IR, 1H NMR, UV-Vis and UV-Vis diffuse reflection. WAXD and SAXS profiles show the amorphous structure of the yttrium complexes. FT-IR and 1H NMR spectrum establish the molecular formula, functional group information and coordination structure of the yttrium complexes. The optical absorption properties were investigated by UV-Vis and UV-Vis diffuse reflection spectrum.
CaCO3 Nanopowder Production by Co-Precipitation of Aerosols of Precursor Solutions of Na2CO3 and CaCl2
Authors: Enkhtor Sukhbaatar , Batpurev Mongol , Gerelmaa Orgilsaikhan , Sambuu Munkhtsetseg , Tuvjargal Norovsambuu , Erdene-Ochir Ganbold , Enkhtor Lhkamsuren , Ragchaa Galbadrakh
Published: September 2020

Submicron-sized calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles were prepared using an aerosol method in which two commercial air humidifiers containing 0.05 M of Na2CO3 and CaCl2 aqueous solutions were utilized as aerosol suppliers. Two streams of aerosols evaporated from the separate humidifiers were allowed to meet in 17-meter long, spiral reaction tube where collisions between two types of droplets containing precursor reagents leaded to grow of CaCO3 particles and precipitate onto the inner walls. XRD and SEM analysis revealed that CaCO3 particles were formed in calcite phase almost entirely.
Estimating Ag-Cu Nanoalloy Applicability for PCM Data Recording
Authors: Gafner Yuri Ya , Gafner Svetlana L. , Ryzhkova Daria A.
Published: September 2020

The paper studies applicability of individual particles of Ag-Cu nanoalloys as data bits in the next generation memory devices constructed on the phase change memory principle. To fulfill this task, the structure formation was simulated with the molecular dynamics method on cooling from the melt of Ag-Cu nanoparticles of the diameter of 2.0 – 8.0 nm of different chemical compositions (with copper content in the alloy from 10 to 50 percent), based on the modified tight-binding potential (TB-SMA). The authors investigated the influence of the size effects and the heat removal rate on the formation of the clusters structure. The investigation showed that different internal structures can be developed upon cooling from the liquid phase, so there were determined some criteria of their stability. Clusters with copper content of not more than 10% and diameters of more than 6.0 nm were isolated from the entire set of the considered particles.
Effects of Radio-Frequency Power and Deposition Pressure on Structures and Properties of Silicon-Rich Silicon Nitride Thin Films
Authors: Sun Jia Xin , Zhou Bing Qin , Gu Xin
Published: September 2020

Silicon-rich silicon nitride thin films have been grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) at 13.56MHZ on glass and N-type monocrystalline silicon substrate using high purity NH3,N2 and SiH4 as reactant gas sources by changing of radio-frequency (RF) power and deposition pressure. The samples were characterized by the ultraviolet-visible (UV-UIS) light transmittance spectra, Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR) and an X-ray (XRD) diffraction, respectively. The results showed that both the RF power and deposition pressure increase promote the deposition rates. However, the increase of rf power leads to the decrease of optical band gap, the increase of refractive index, and the increase of deposition pressure leads to the widening of optical band gap. The increase of rf power leads to the increase of the silicon atoms in the thin films and the transition of the films to the silicon-rich state. As the deposition pressure increase, the probability of N atoms entering the films increase and the thin films change to a nitrogen-rich state. At a certain pressure, when the rf power is changed, the average grain size in the films decrease by XRD analysis. Based on the above analysis, both the deposition pressure and rf power have an important effect on the microstructure, and optical properties of the thin films. By properly adjusting these two parameters, the silicon-rich silicon nitride films with good density can be obtained.
Computer Simulation of the Formation Process of Cu-Au Nanoparticles by Condensation
Authors: Gafner Yuri Ya , Gafner Svetlana L. , Nomoev Andrey V.
Published: September 2020

The computer simulation method was used to examine condensation of 90124 Cu and Au atoms from the gas phase. To analyze the synthesis processes, there were selected chemical compositions Cu3Au, Cu-Au, Cu90Au10 and Cu60Au40 being cooled with liquid nitrogen during the condensation. The undertaken simulation showed that the increase in the percentage of gold atoms in the initial couple decreases the number of clusters of a relatively large size. Moreover, the analysis of the external view and the structure of Cu-Au nanoparticles of various chemical composition allowed us to conclude that a large number of binary nanoparticles were of an icosahedral structure.
Utilization of SNP-based Highly Saturated Molecular Map of a RIL Population for the Detection of QTLs and Mining of Candidate Genes for Salinity Tolerance in Rice
Authors: Abhayawickrama B.P. , Gimhani D.R. , Kottearachchi N.S. , Herath V.
Published: September 2020

Purpose : Previously, QTL hotspots were identified for salt tolerance from a RIL population of At354 x Bg352, under a temperature-controlled environment at the International Rice Research Institute, Philippine. However, as the rice-growing environment in Sri Lanka experiences salinity stress exaggerated with high temperature, the importance of revealing QTLs under such environment of a tropical region was realized. Therefore, the present study was focused to examine QTLs under such environment, deploying SNP-based molecular map, and retrieving potential candidate genes underlying the QTLs. Research Method : RIL population was assessed at 12 dSm-1 electrical conductivity coupled with average temperature ranged from 38 to 32 °C, day and night, respectively. QTLs were mapped using SNP markers. Potential candidate genes were identified using NGS-based high-throughput QTL-seq strategy employing whole-genome re-sequencing data of At354 and Bg352 and Gene Ontology approach. Findings : The results revealed a broad spectrum of phenotypic variation and a significant coefficient of correlation among the morpho-physiological traits in the RIL population. Four QTLs were revealed on chromosome 7, 9, and 11 for shoot Na+ concentration (qSNC7), shoot K+ concentration (qSKC9), shoot Na+/K+ ratio (qSNK9) and root length (qRL11). Five genes, Os07g0635900, Os07g0637300, Os09g0330000, Os11g0514500, and Os11g0523800 within novel QTLs with polymorphic variants between At354 and Bg352, were recognized as potential candidate genes regulating salinity stress. Originality / Value : The putative candidate genes have been reported to be involved in cellular transmembrane and growth modulating functions under stress, indicating their usefulness to be further researched.
Isolation and Identification of Salmonella spp. from Broiler Chicken Meat in Sri Lanka and their Antibiotic Resistance
Authors: Jayaweera T.S.P. , Ruwandeepika H.A.D. , Deekshit V.K. , Vidanarachchi J.K. , Kodithuwakku S.P. , Karunasagar I. , Cyril H.W.
Published: September 2020

Purpose : Salmonella infections continue to be a global problem with millions of humans and animal cases occurring annually. Broiler chicken plays a significant role causing Salmonella infections in Sri Lanka. Consumption of food contaminated with antimicrobial resistant Salmonella aggravates the problem. This study isolated, identified, and serotype the Salmonella spp. from broiler chicken meat in Sri Lanka and examined their antimicrobial susceptibility to be used in establishment of control measures.Research Method : Isolation of Salmonella species from broiler chicken meat was done by conventional method of isolation followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmation. All PCR confirmed isolates of Salmonella were serotype and then, isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility using disc diffusion assay followed by the detection of antibiotic resistance genes using PCR.Findings : Broiler chicken meat in Sri Lanka is contaminated with Salmonella spp. at the prevalence of 11.6% and 8.9% of them carried hns and invA specific genes. Isolates were serotyped as Salmonella Typhimurium (47.8%), Salmonella Enteritidis (26.1%) and non typable (26.1%). Three isolates were resistant to ampicillin. Intermediate resistance was shown to three antibiotics and all the isolates were sensitive to nine antibiotics. Majority (56.5%) of Salmonella were sensitive to all the tested antibiotics. Prevalence of resistant genes for tetracycline, sulfonamides and aminoglycosides were within 4%-26%. None of the isolates except one (4%) carried chloramphenicol resistance genes.Originality / Value : Steps must be taken to minimize contamination of broiler chicken meat with Salmonella spp in Sri Lanka. Although, there is a low prevalence of antibiotic resistant isolates, its mere presence in broiler chicken is a warning signal of possibility of emergence of multidrug resistant strains.
Italian adaptation of the Group Questionnaire: validity and factorial structure
Authors: Giannone Francesca , Guarnaccia Cinzia , Gullo Salvatore , Di Blasi Maria , Giordano Cecilia , Lo Coco Gianluca , Burlingame Gary
Published: September 2020

The Group Questionnaire (GQ) is a measure recently developed by Krogel et al. (2013) for the evaluation of the therapeutic relationship in group. The GQ identifies a three-factor model of the relationship that allows to measure quality (Positive Bonding, Positive Working and Negative Relationship) and structure (member-member, member-leader and member-group), dimensions in group. This work shows the results of a first study on the Italian validation of the GQ. In this study the GQ was administered to 536 subjects from 32 non-clinical groups of undergraduate students. The cross-cultural validity of the GQ in the Italian population has been examined by comparing the psychometric properties and equivalence in factor structure and scores of the Italian GQ with the original American version. Multilevel confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine both the between- and within-group structures. Data concerning reliability and validity of GQ and the results for different SEM in Multilevel CFA confirm the three factors structure of the GQ. Data from the Italian population have a good fit with the original proposed model. Finally, we discuss the importance of an instrument like GQ, short but consistent, for the evaluation of the therapeutic relationship in clinical and training group.
Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy Mimicking Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency in Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Successful Treatment with Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration and Ammonia Scavengers
Authors: Lee Jeong-Seon , Jin Hye Young , Ko Jung Min , Kim Seoung Hoon , Han Nayoung , Park Byung Kiu , Park Meerim , Park Hyeon Jin , Lee Jun Ah
Published: September 2020

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLHCC) is a rare liver cancer affecting adolescents and young adults without any pre existing liver disease. Hyperammonemic encephalopathy (HAE) is a serious paraneoplastic syndrome, and several cases of HAE have been reported in patients with FLHCC. This condition is rare; hence, there are currently no management guidelines for cancer-related HAE. Herein, we report a case of an 18-year-old man with advanced FLHCC who developed HAE during the first course of chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, and interferon-α. He was successfully treated with continuous venovenous hemofiltration, sodium benzoate, sodium phenylbutyrate, and amino acid supplementation for HAE. After the second course of chemotherapy, he underwent surgery, and thereafter, his ammonia levels were normal without any ammonia scavenger therapy. Treatments for HAE described here will be helpful for this rare, but serious metabolic complication of FLHCC and could partially applied to HAE related to any malignancies.
Virtual supervision of pharmacy undergraduate research projects during the COVID-19 lockdown in Zimbabwe
Authors: Matyanga C.M.J. , Dzingirai B. , Monera-Penduka T.G.
Published: September 2020

The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to national lockdowns in multiple states. The education system, including pharmacy education, has been negatively affected by the subsequent closure of universities. Many institutions have resorted to virtual learning, which work best in settings with fast, stable internet connections and where electricity is readily available. In resource-limited settings, popular virtual interaction platforms like Zoom may not work, and educators have to devise novel ways to continue teaching. The University of Zimbabwe used innovative mobile phone-based processes to ensure continuation of the final-year pharmacy students’ honours research projects, supervision, and timely submission. This facilitated rapid communication between students and professors and allowed effective guidance for the students’ research process. All students completed their projects; 13 out of 16 submitted their write-ups within the deadline; all students passed, 69% scored an upper second (2.1) grade or better, indicating the high quality of the majority of the research projects.
Trans-complex education as a strategy in pandemic and post-pandemic COVID-19
Authors: Velasco Juan Miguel González
Published: September 2020

The trans-complex approach to education changes the work of the teacher and faculty, in particular the social outlook and resilience of the student is tested with this new mode of self-learning and adaptation. The new proposed form of education involves the application of a non-physical classroom, immersed in a creative and constant flux of complexity and trans-disciplinary processes; this is the social classroom born of the Trans-complex Educational Theory in response to the pandemic and post- pandemic phase of COVID-19. This case study will focus on the challenges to institutions, teachers and students, and relates to the struggle with acquiring new and complex skills. These struggles can be addressed using ‘R3 Education’ which promotes ‘Reinvention’, ‘Realignment’ and ‘Resilience’. The emergence of a responsive approach to curriculum design is now here - the trans-complex curriculum.
What now and what next? The new era of OSCE
Authors: Ali Majid
Published: September 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted all walks of life including the education sector. The suspension of on-campus activities within universities in the last few months, in the middle of a semester, allowed pharmacy educators to capitalise on existing technology in teaching and assessment. Objective structured clinical exams (OSCEs) which usually require a face-to-face assessment of skills, posed a special challenge to educators in the health profession including pharmacy. Several teleconference programmes have been trialed to conduct online or virtual OSCEs. Lack of resources and human workforce compelled faculty to utilise MyDispense, a web-based community pharmacy simulation programme, for conducting web-based OSCEs. The students agreed that this was an overall better learning experience compared to the traditional face-to-face OSCE. There is a need for a robust evaluation of these alternate methods of OSCE in contrast with traditional face-to-face OSCE. The accumulation of more literature is expected to be seen that would highlight the feasibility of the online or virtual OSCE capitalising on advancements in technology. This coupled with the emerging role of tele- pharmacy, and less complicated skills needing to be assessed in pharmacy education compared to nursing and medication education, could this method of OSCE be the future of pharmacy education?
Transition to online teaching and learning for clerkship activities during COVID-19 in Malaysia
Authors: Sha’aban A. , Ibrahim B. , Albitar O. , Mohiuddin S.G. , Omar C.G. , Harun S.N.
Published: September 2020

Prior-to the COVID-19 outbreak, undergraduate PharmCare II Clerkship activities consisted of two phases. The first phase requires pharmacy students to clerk infectious disease and endocrine-related cases of patients admitted into wards at a teaching hospital, whilst in the second phase, the students are required to present the clerked cases in front of their group members with a thorough assessment by lecturers at Universiti Sains Malaysia. Due to sudden outbreak of COVID-19, presentations at hospitals and face-to-face learning were no longer feasible; therefore an online methodology was executed. Each student was assigned a real completed case clerked by a previous Master’s in Clinical Pharmacy graduate. The students then critically evaluated any pharmaceutical care issues (PCIs) in each of the cases, recorded a video presentation for assessment by the lecturers and discussed each case with other group members in a synchronous online session via web-conferencing software.
Changes in surgical practice by surgical residents and consultants during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Azam M Kamran , Mirza Muhammad Bilal , Aziz Usama , Tahir Warda , Singh Nishant , Ameer Asad , Rehan Muhammad , Nawaz Kashif , Talat Nabila
Published: September 2020

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, surgical practice is greatly changed as a strategy to prevent infection to the health care workers. This study was done to see what changes have been made in the surgical practice by the surgical consultants and residents in various surgical disciplines.
Methods: A Survey form was developed on the “Google Forms” application and distributed to surgical consultants and residents. The submission was received online during May 2020. The collected data were entered and analyzed using SPSS V.23. Qualitative data were presented as frequencies and percentages. Quantitative data were presented as mean and standard deviation.
Results: Overall, 272 consultants and residents from 45 teaching hospitals from Pakistan and around the world participated in the survey. Among the participants, 100 (36.8%) were surgical consultants and 172 (63.2%) were surgical residents. About 42% of participants were not performing elective surgeries during this pandemic of COVID-19 but almost all participants were performing emergency surgeries (93%). Over 60% of the respondents admitted that their practice is either reduced to more than 50% or completely shut down during this pandemic. Over 80% stated that their training activities were compromised due to the pandemic.
Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected surgical practice both in the public and corporate sectors. Elective surgeries are affected the most in addition to the suspension of training activities of the residents.
Pendidik Millenial di Era Globalisasi
Authors: Nuriyati Tuti , Chanifudin Chanifudin
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi objektif pendidikan millenial di era globalisasi, (2) untuk mendeskripsikan peran pendidik millennial di era globalisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Kemudian metode penelitiannya menggunakan metode deskriptif. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah library research (studi pustaka). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) era globalisasi membuat perubahan budaya dalam pendidikan di mana peserta didik dapat dengan cepat mengakses informasi, menjadikan pendidik bukan lagi satu-satunya orang yang paling well-informed terhadap berbagai informasi dan pengetahuan, (2) seorang pendidik untuk melaksanakan perannya dalam pembelajaran di era globalisasi harus berbasis learning to know, learning to do, learning to be, learning to live together
Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Matematika melalui Model Pembelajaran Koperatif Teams-Games-Tournament (TGT) Siswa Kelas XI Akuntansi SMK Negeri 1 Tembilahan
Authors: Chairhany Sitie
Published: September 2020

Penelitian Tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan pembelajaran koperatif  Teams-Games-Tournament (TGT) terhadap peningkatan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI Akuntansi SMK Negeri 1 Tembilahan. Penelitian ini dilakukan sehubungan dengan rendahnya motivasi siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika.Selain itu ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa juga belum memuaskan karena ketika setiap diadakan ulangan harian masih banyak siswa yang harus mengikuti program remedial.Teknik dalam pengumpulan data peneliti menggunakan hasil observasi dan nilai ulangan harian.Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan sebanyak dua siklus.Siklus 2 dilaksanakan sebagai penyempurna siklus 1.Pembelajaran menggunakan metode Teams-Games-Tournament (TGT) ini diikuti oleh 30 siswa.Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa dengan penerapan model pembelajaran koperatif Teams-Games-Tournament (TGT) terjadi peningkatan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa.Jika pada siklus 1 siswa dengan motivasi belajar siswa terkategori baik berjumlah 2 orang (6,67%), cukup8 orang (26,67%), kurang2orang (6,67%) dan kurang sekali berjumlah 18 orang (60%). Setelah mendapatkan perlakuan tindakan pada akhir siklus 2 jumlahnya meningkat menjadi 25 siswa (83,33%) motivasi siswa baik dan5 orang siswa (16,67 %) motivasi belajar siswa cukup. Artinya terjadi peningkatan motivasi baik mencapai 76,66 %.Untuk hasil belajar siswa,  yang berhasil mencapai KKM (70) pada awal siklus 1 siswa yang tuntas berjumlah 4 siswa (13,33%), dan yang belum tuntas sejumlah 26 siswa (86,67 %), kemudian pada akhir siklus 2 ketuntasan siswa meningkat menjadi 30 siswa (100%) artinya dengan perlakuan Teams-Games-Tournament (TGT), ketuntasan siswa  meningkat 86,67 %.Bagi rekan guru yang akan melakukan penelitian serupa, hal yang perlu diperhatikan adalah penyusunan rencana pembelajaran harus benar – benar mempertimbangkan ketersediaan waktu  karena metode Teams-Games-Tournament (TGT)membutuhkan waktu yang lama. Penyusunan tugas siswa juga harus benar – benar sistematis sehingga tingkat kesulitan, cakupan materi antara satu siswa dengan siswa lainnya relatif berimbang. Selain itu, tidak semua materi pembelajaran dapat relevan dengan metodeTeams-Games-Tournament (TGT)sehingga pemilihan yang materi sesuai menjadi hal penting. Pembentukan kelompok – kelompok belajar sebaiknya menggunakan strategi yang tepat karena akan berdampak pada kinerja kelompok belajar tersebut.
Penerapan Pengelolaan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan di Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Islam Belantaraya Kecamatan Gaung
Authors: Rahmah Ajah
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Penerapan Guru Dalam Pengelolaan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Di Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Islam Belantaraya Kecamatan Gaung. Dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penerapan guru dalam pengelolaan pembelajaran pendidikan kewarganegaraan di madrasah aliyah nurul islam belantaraya kecamatan gaung. Penelitian ini Di Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Islam Belantaraya Kecamatan Gaung. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah guru mata pelajaran pendidikan kewarganegaraan yang berjumlah 1 guru dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisa data dengan menggunakan persentase.  Berdasarkan pembahasan penelitian yang telah penulis lakukan, maka dapat di tarik kesimpulan bahwa Penerapan Pengelolaan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Di Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Islam Belantaraya Kecamatan Gaung mencapai angka persentase 79,73% dan dapat di kategorikan “baik“ karena berada pada interval 61%-80%. Hal tersebut di pengaruhi beberapa faktor, yaitu Guru kadang-kadang Memperbaiki soal yang tidak valid di karenakan kuranganya buku. Sebagian besar guru melakukan evaluasi hasil tindak lanjut.
HbA1c –Marker for Long Term Glycemic Control
Authors: Ajay Puri  , Jyoti Kohli  , V.J. Chrunjoo
Published: September 2020

Background: Protein glycation is a spontaneous reaction that is believed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of many clinical disorders. The glycation of proteins is enhanced by elevated blood glucose concentrations. The major form of protein glycation with a clinical consideration is glycatedhaemoglobin (HbA1c). HbA1c is majorly affected by the blood glucose levels alone. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. Studies have suggested that HbA1c levels in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients mostly remains elevated, yet some such patients, with or without tight glycemic control, have HbA1c levels nearly close to or within the normal reference range.Subjects and Methods:In this study HbA1c, fasting blood glucose levels and post prandial blood glucose levels in normal subjects as well as in patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus excluding the complicated ones were studied.Results:The present study confirms earlier studies that all these levels are tightly correlated and the corresponding p values were < 0.001 which were significant and was estimated by using student t-test.Conclusion: Thus indicating that glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) can be used to assess the glycemic status of an individual for attaining the treatment goal of preventing long term complications of diabetes mellitus.
Study of Relationship between Health, Integrity and Depression in the Elderly Population: A Salutogenic Approach
Authors: Romil Singh  , Richa Sharma
Published: September 2020

Background: The salutogenesis is very relevant concept in today’s era when we are shifting focus from tertiary to primordial prevention where it can show us a way to remain healthy and act as a concept of pre-primordial prevention.These apparent links between the sense of coherence which defines the integrity of an individual, depression which is a consequence of changed demands of life and its implications on the health of an individual will provide a conceptual framework to this study. Subjects and Methods: This is a cross sectional community based study done on above 60 years of age from an urban area which is a field practice area of the institution taken as study group A and elderly residing in the old age homes of the city taken as study group B. They were explained about the details of filling the questionnaires in advance and their identity were kept confidential and the participation was voluntary.Orientation to life questionnaire i.e. OLQ-13 version was used to estimate sense of coherence scores of the individual.GDS or geriatric depression scale is an appropriate questionnaire used for measuring the depressional status of an elderly person in their respective life stressful conditions.Results: Our study showed that the 61.7%oftotalpopulationofstudygroupAweremalesand38.33%werefemales.15%ofthetotalelderlyofstudygroupAhavehighsoc,84.17%havemediumsocand1%have lowsoc.13.33% of the elderly in study group B have high SOC whereas 87% have medium SOC.Conclusion: We concluded that SOC and BMI are directly proportional to each other; GDS and education were in direct correlation to each other; SOC was found to be directly proportional to the educational status of theperson.
A Comparative Study to Evaluate the Effect of Vaginal pH on Cervical Ripening with Dinoprostone Gel between Rural and Urban Prime Gravid Patients: An Hospital Based Study
Authors: Arun Kumar Chauhan  , Divya Chaudhary
Published: September 2020

Background: Vaginal pH change also has a role in preterm delivery which suggests that it has a role in influencing cervical ripening. The aim of this study to evaluated the effect of vaginal pH on cervical ripening with dinoprostone (PGE2) gel between rural and urban primegravida.Subjects and Methods:This is hospital based comparative study done on 50 pregnant women admitted in labour room for induction of labour and fulfilling inclusion/exclusion criteria at Obstetrics and gynaecology department, RNT Medical college, Udaipur. Group I included patients with vaginal pH <4.5 and Group II included vaginal pH>4.5. A vaginal examination was then performed to determine the Bishop's score. After ruling out all contraindications Dinoprostone gel was applied endocervically.Results:Our study showed that mean age of pregnant women was 25.10 yrs in rural patients and 24.56 yrs in urban patients. The high vaginal pH (>4.5) was more in urban pregnant women as compare to rural pregnant women, it was statistically non-significant (P=0.1062) and low vaginal pH (≤4.5) was more in rural as compare to urban. The augmentation required, time to active labor & time to induction delivery interval was not statistically significant (P=0.4276, P=0.2341 & P=0.1445 respectively) in between rural & urban pregnant women. LSCS was more common in rural as compare to urban pregnant women, but did not statistically significant (P=0.1945 NS).Conclusion: We concluded that higher vaginal pH more often responds to a single induction and is more often associated with vaginal deliveries rather than non-progress of labor.
A Prospective Study of Surgical Site Infections in a Medical College Hospital
Authors: Ajeet Kumar  , Bhartendu Kumar  , Sunil Kumar
Published: September 2020

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are an important post-operative complication. Knowledge about its risk factors is essential. The present study was conducted to find the profile of surgical site infection among patients admitted in surgical ward of SKMCH, Muzaffarpur.Subjects and Methods:The present cross-sectional study included 322 patients undergoing surgery. Clinical details, onset of SSI and microbiological profile were noted.Results:Mean age of the cases was 43.7 years. 61.2% of these were males. 11.8% of the cases suffered from surgical site infection. Of the emergency surgeries, 20.2% had SSI while 8.1% elective surgery cases had SSI. 36.1% of the cases with dirty wound had SSI while only 5.2% of the cases with clean wound had such infection. S. aureus was the most common organism isolated (57.9%) followed by Pseudomonas (39.5%) and Klebsiella (23.7%).Conclusion: Incidence of SSI is higher in cases of emergency surgery and in dirty wounds.
Perception of Social Studies Teacher Candidates Ragarding the Root Values: A Qualitative Study
Authors: ÇENGEL Sinem , KILCAN Bahadır
Published: September 2020

In this study, it is aimed to determine how social studies teacher candidates perceive the root values (justice, patience, respect and love, responsibility, friendship, honesty, self-control, helpfulness and patriotism) in the Social Studies Curriculum (2018). In accordance with this purpose; the metaphors regarding the root values developed by teacher candidates and their drawings/cartoons them regarding the root values were examined. In the research conducted with in the qualitative research method, data collecting through metaphors for the root values and document analysis were used together. The study group of the research consists of 170 undergraduate students who are determined through purposeful sampling and who are studying social studies education at Gazi University in the spring term of 2018-2019 academic year. Content analysis were used in the analysis of the obtained data. According to the results obtained from the research; regardless of the grade, it is seen that most of the teacher candidates perceive the root values as the sine qua non elements forming the basic and that creates negativity in the absence. In addition, it was concluded that almost all of the teacher candidates perceive the root values at a positive level. It is seen that as the grade of the teacher candidates in the category of sine qua non rises, the number of the representatives decreases. Based on the results of the research, suggestions on dealing the subject of the root values in different ways were made.
Yurisdiksi Kriminal Terhadap Black Flight Di Ruang Udara Wilayah Indonesia
Authors: Nisa Candra Ulfatun , Disemadi Hari Sutra
Published: September 2020

The state in its capacity as one of the subjects of international law, has the rights and obligations associated with sovereignty. The state is free and independent to exercise its sovereignty rights in full but also has an obligation to pay attention to its limits in not exercising its sovereignty in the territory of other countries. Regarding the sovereignty of the territory of the Republic of Indonesia, even though it has clearly established its boundaries and has been recognized by international law, violations of sovereignty territories often occur that are not intentional or intentional to achieve certain goals. One of them is a violation of the sovereignty of Indonesian airspace, namely black flight. The method of research using the normative juridical approach, with descriptive research specifications. The results of this study are that Indonesia's sovereignty over its national airspace boundaries is full, exclusive and fully closed to foreign aircraft or aircraft belonging to other countries. With regard to black flight, Indonesia by TNI-AU carries out criminal jurisdiction with a lighter action preceded in the form of a warning to get out and immediately leave the Indonesian airspace, to the more severe act of forcing a landing.
Role of Vamana and Padhabhayanga in the Management of Vipakdika With special reference to Plantopalmar Psoriasis
Authors: Nakka Padma Priya , Madikonda Praveen Kumar , B Johar
Published: September 2020

Ayurveda described various skin diseases under the single heading Kushta. In Charaka Samhita, Acharya Charaka explained Ashtadasha Kushtas in two main categories namely ‘Maha Kushta’ and ‘Kshudra Kushta’. Kushta is tridoshaja vyadi, however, the symptoms appear according to the dosha predominance. Vipadika is one of the Kshudra Kushta with predominance of vata kapha doshas and it is charactrised by Pani Pada sputana (fissures in palms and soles) and Teevra vedana (severe pain). According to clinical manifestations, Vipadika is more similar to ‘Planto Palmar Psoriasis’ which is long lasting Auto Immune disease. It is found to be 3-4% of all Psoriasis cases. In modern science, many treatment modalities are available to treat the disease. They may cause many side effects and recurrence after subside is also very common which gave a big scope to alternative system of medicines to treat Vipadika. In the present case study, the line of management followed was mentioned by Acharya Charaka, according to dosha Predominance. The patient, initially administered sneha pana with Maha Tiktaka gritha for 7 days which was beneficial to pacify pitta dosha and kapha dosha utkleshana before Vamana. Later on, Vamana therapy was conducted to eliminate kapha dosha which gave good symptomatic relief to the patient. However, in view of the severity, chronicity and recurrence of the disease, Mridu Lavana jala Avagaha Sweda followed by Padhabyanga with pinda taila was also performed which resulted in excellent improvement in very short period of time.
Occupational health status of High School teachers in Tirur educational District ws.r. to musculoskeletal disorders –A Cross sectional study
Authors: T R Rajarajeswary , E Surendran , Nair Sowmya C
Published: September 2020

A cross sectional study was carried out among 140 high school teachers selected from 4 sub educational districts of Tirur educational district through multistage sampling. Both sexes were included in the study. The tool used for the study was Dutch musculoskeletal questionnaire and filled up by personal interview. The data obtained was statistically analyzed by using Chi square test, Yates correction and Fisher’s exact test. Most reported musculoskeletal complaints were knee pain (43%), shoulder pain (34%), Lower back pain (23%) and ankle pain (22%). This study shows that musculoskeletal disorders are prevalent among high school teachers of Tirur educational district. Musculoskeletal disorders are associated with factors such as age, gender and occupational factors such as prolonged standing and overtime work.
A Single Case Study of Treating H-Pyroli Infection with Coconut Oil
Authors: U Anagha , A Binitha
Published: September 2020

Helicobacter pylori (H-Pylori) are a Gram negative spiral organism in GI Tract. Final effect of H-pylori on the GI tract is variable and determined by microbial and host factors. The particular end result of H-Pylori varies from chronic gastritis to PUD, Gastric MALT Lymphoma. A case presented with chronic gastritis associated H-Pylori infection. Which showed resemblance with Clinical features of vatha –pitha  Parinaamashoola (pain during digestion). It was intervened successfully with samanasnehapana (internal oleation therapy) of coconut oil. Coconut oil administered for 15 days. Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin (IgG H-pylori) evaluated before and after the treatment. A positive H-pylori infection became negative after the treatment.
Assessment of Prevalence and Psychosocial behaviour of Tobacco Addictive School going Children with Awareness for Deaddiction
Authors: Gulhane Prachi Kishor , Rathi Renu B , Rathi Bharat
Published: September 2020

Background: Tobacco addiction is an emerging as a big threat among children in developing countries and it is increasing day by day. Tobacco use is the world’s leading cause of death, accounting for 4.9 million deaths per year. Tobacco is addictive in all forms and causes behavioural changes and it increases the risk of cancer, heart attack, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, osteoporosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes and adverse reproductive outcomes. So, it is necessary to find out addiction prevalence, problems and highlights possible role of Ayurvedic principles. Aim: To assess the prevalence and psychosocial behaviour of tobacco addictive school going children with awareness for deaddiction. Method:  Study was conducted on 300 school students of age group 6 years to 16 years of Z.P. schools of Sawangi and Salod, Wardha, Maharashtra. Study was grounded on WHO Questionnaire Based Survey. Observation: Out of the 300 students, all 109 children-36% were taking smokeless tobacco in different forms and no one was taking smoke tobacco in the form of Bidi or Cigarettes. They were educated with hazardous effects of tobacco and counselled for deaddiction. Stopping sales of tobacco to children would be an important step. Conclusion: Prevalence of tobacco addiction-36% with 67% impact on psycho-social behavioral was observed which is much higher. They were fell apart from non-addictive students due to strong aroma of these products, also not actively taking part in other school activities due to lack of interest. The habit- forming impact was so aggravated that 82 % students were tried to give-up this habit but not succeeded, therefore, anti-tobacco educational sessions for parents, teachers and students were taken by audio-visual power point presentation.
A Comparative Study of Ingudi phalamajja Lepa and Ananatmul Ghan in The Management of Vyanga (Melasma)
Authors: Wake Shraddha , Kuchewar Vaishali , Hagone Prajkta
Published: September 2020

The normal color of skin in human is largely due to melanin pigment. Melasma is most common disorder which is related to melanin. It is a human melanogenesis dysfunction that results in localized, chronic acquired hypermelanosis of the skin. In Ayurveda melasma can be correlated with Vyanga because of resemblance of its clinical features. According to Acharya Charak, it is caused due to vitiation of Pitta and Shonita  but other Acharyas has depicted it due to the vitiation of Vāta and Pitta. This study is aimed to explore the Efficacy of Ingudi Phalmajja lepa with and without internal use of Anantamoola Ghana in Vyanga. Total 43 patients were registered and randomly divided into group A and group B by lottery method. Out of these, 40 patients have completed the treatment. All patients were examined by Wood’s Lamp to assess the depth of pigmentation (Dermal/Epidermal).. It is concluded that vyanga is frequent in females than males. It was found in madhyamavastha in which pitta dosha and Rajoguna is predominant. Mostly Centrofacial type of melasma is found in this study which is supported by other studies. Melasma Severity Index is improved in both the groups. Local application of Ingudi phalmajja is found to be effective in the severity of pigmentation. The action of Ingudi phalamajja in hyperpigmentation could not be evaluated. Further study can be conducted to find out the active principle of Ingudi.
Pharmaceutical Evaluation of Vidangadi Lepaguti An Ayurvedic Topical Formulation
Authors: Dhote Mangesh , Rathi Bharat , Dongre Rita
Published: September 2020

Background: Vidangadi Lepa is a classical herbo-mineral formulation explained by Chakradutta under Kushtha Chikitsa (skin diseases). Vidangadi Lepa is advised to be applied by mixing with cow’s urine, which is not acceptable by many peoples, inconvenient and easily not available in the modern era. By keeping this in mind, in the present study an attempt has been made to prepare and analyze modified dosage forms of Vidangadi Lepa in the form of Vidangadi Lepaguti. Material and methods: Preparation of Lepaguti was done by triturating the powdered ingredients with cow’s urine in three cycles. Consecutively three batches were prepared to nullify any inaccuracy during the pharmaceutical preparation. Analytical study was done to establish the basic standards for Vidangadi Lepaguti as there is no pharmacopeia standard guideline. The formulation was tested for organoleptic parameters, physicochemical analysis and microbial specification tests. Analysis of samples was conducted as per API standards. Observation and results: All the observations and results during preparation of Vidangadi Lepaguti regarding amount of liquid media required, time taken for each trituration cycle, weight gain after trituration and yield were noted down. The analytical tests performed over prepared samples i.e organoleptic, physicochemical and microbial specification were noted down in tabular form. Conclusion: Standard Vidangadi Lepaguti can be prepared from three Bhawana of Gomutra each for three hours. Prepared Vidangadi Lepaguti will be yellowish brown in color with specific smell of cow urine and average yield can be obtained by 94.28%.
A Comparative Efficacy Study of the Panchtikta Ghrita Matra Vasti and Panchtikta Ghrita Marsha Nasya in Cervical Spondylosis
Authors: Sawarkar Punam , Deshmukh Manish , Sawarkar Gaurav , Bhojraj Nandini
Published: September 2020

Introduction- Cervical Spondylosis is now becoming a significant threat to the working population due to its progressive nature of the disease. Modern science provides various types of medical and surgical therapies for Cervical Spondylosis but it is realized that more research is needed for the treatment of Cervical Spondylosis satisfactorily.Aim - To study the efficacy of Panchtikta Ghrita Matra Vasti and Panchtikta Ghrita Marsha Nasya in Cervical Spondylosis. Material & Method- Open randomized parallel comparative clinical study, Phase 2 trial. 30 patients were randomly equal number (n=15) recruited in the study in two groups. In Group A, patients were treated with Panchtiktaghrita Matravastiand in Group B with Panchtiktaghrita Marsha Nasya. Subjective criteria for the study was Manya Shool and Manya Stambha whether objective criteria were CBC, ESR and Neck disability index (NDI). Observation & Result- With respect to the blood investigation CBC and ESR was not found significant (P<0.05). Moreover, radiological changes in X-ray also not found significantly notable. NDI score was found better in both the groups, but mean score of NDI was suggestively improved in Group B (before 45.03, after 13.06) compare to Group A (before 46.26, after 23.06). Conclusion- Both the treatment modalities i.e. Basti and Nasya was effective in Cervical Spondylosis. Panchtikta Ghrita Marsha Nasya was given good results clinically in the patients compare to Panchtikta Ghrita Matra Vasti, but significant conclusion was not calculated with small sample data. So, large population research study is recommended for further research.
In vitro Anti-Arthritic activity of Pseudarthria viscida against Protein Denaturation and Proteinase enzyme
Authors: P Pandian
Published: September 2020

Arthritis is an autoimmune with chronic inflammatory, the patient has very painful due deformities and bone erosion which is caused by damage of the joints. The plant Pseudarthria viscida was collected from the Thirunelveli district and extracted with aqueous and ethanol solvent. The two method was used for determination of invitro anti-arthritic activity. The Inhibition of Protein Denaturation Method shows the anti-arthritic activity with the value from 40.46±0.72 to 78.36±0.64 for aqueous extract and 48.62±0.86 to 84.42±0.86 for ethanol extract and Inhibition of Proteinase Enzyme Activity shows 38.62±0.32 to 72.58±0.58 in aqueous extract and 46.28±0.58 to 80.52±0.56 in ethanol extract. Diclofenac sodium were used as standard, the concentration is 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500. In both the method the concentration of 500Microgram per milliliters shows maximum inhibition and compare to both extract the ethanol shows better activity than aqueous extract.