bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sacrifício, circunvalação e ordálio na Hispânia céltica: uma aproximação em longue durée à ritualidade do espaço e o tempo
Authors: Tenreiro-Bermúdez Marcial , Moya-Maleno Pedro
Published: October 2018

Resumo O presente artigo analisa, a partir de uma perspectiva histórica, arqueológica e etno-histórica, a existência, na Hispânia e Europa Célticas, de cerimônias de delimitação e proteção do espaço caracterizadas por práticas rituais específicas (como sacrifícios, depósitos rituais, processões circum-ambulatórias ou combates ordálicos), tanto na sua esfera doméstica e grupal, quanto naquelas em que se envolvem animais. São ritos que estariam igualmente sujeitos a padrões cíclicos específicos. As evidências deste tipo de ritos e crenças nas Idades Média e Moderna, assim como no registro etnográfico atual na Península Ibérica e no restante do território europeu, caracterizam-se claramente como fenômenos de longa duração, permitindo-nos propor novas interpretações comparativas para os contextos arqueológicos de finais da Proto-história.
Iberconceptos, historia conceptual, teoría de la historia -Entrevista a Javier Fernández Sebastián(Parte I)
Authors: Neves Guilherme Pereira das , Monteiro Rodrigo Bentes , Iegelski Francine
Published: October 2018

Resumen: La primera parte de la entrevista con el historiador español Javier Fernández Sebastián.
Reduções: experiências de aldeamento indígena no Vice-Reino do Peru
Authors: Ibáñez-Bonillo Pablo
Published: October 2018

Resumo: A concentração de populações indígenas foi uma das políticas de colonização utilizadas pela coroa espanhola no Vice-Reino do Peru. A coletânea aqui resenhada, editada por Akira Saito e Claudia Rosas Lauro, explora diversas experiências regionais, enfatizando a negociação necessária entre os agentes coloniais e as populações indígenas para a implantação das reduções toledanas e das missões jesuíticas.
Antegrade procedures for pluricausal obstructive jaundice
Authors: Mamoshin A. V. , Ivanov Yu. V. , Alyanov A. L. , Muradyan V. F. , Sumin D. S.
Published: October 2018

The patient with neoplasm of major duodenal papilla combined with choledocholithiasis is described. Obstructive jaundice is one of manifestations complicating the course of these diseases. Complex approach to current diagnostic and therapeutic minimally invasive technologies is demonstrated. It is also presented literature review.
Combined surgical treatment of pancreatic head cancer
Authors: Shabunin A. A. , Karpov A. A. , Kizhaev E. V. , Bedin V. V. , Tavobilov M. M. , Paklina O. V. , Setdikova G. R.
Published: October 2018

Aim.To improve the outcomes in patients with pancreatic head cancer using intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT).

Material and methods.Prospective trial included patients with ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head who underwent pancreatic surgery followed by IORT.

Results.There were 63 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma for the period from January 2013 till December 2016. IORT was applied in 31 cases. Annual, 3-year survival and disease-free survival were analyzed.

Conclusion.Surgery followed by IORT is safe and current approach for pancreatic head cancer.
Pedagogy of Exceptional Childhood by V.P. Kashchenko: to the 110th Anniversary of the Sanatorium-school for Retarded Abnormal Children by Dr. V.P. Kashchenko
Authors: Stepanova M.A.
Published: October 2018

The article is dedicated to the 110th anniversary of one of the first Russian medical and educational institutions for children with developmental disorders - Sanatorium-school for retarded abnormal children, opened in Moscow by V.P. Kashchenko in 1908. Published during the life of V.P. Kashchenko methodical, scientific and practical work, as well as memories of his daughter A.V. Kashchenko allow us to trace the history of the Sanatorium for two decades before the removal V.P. Kashchenko from the institution in 1926. A detailed description of Sanatorium children, the management of their life, instruction and upbringing is given in the book. Special attention is paid to the research work of V.P. Kashchenko, and in particular, to the creation of a unique Museum of Pedology and Pedagogy of exceptional childhood. On the basis of generalization of the experience of medical and pedagogical activity V.P. Kashchenko formulated the principles of correctional pedagogics called bases of practical work with the defective (exclusive) child. In conclusion, an attempt is made to identify the contribution of V.P. Kashchenko to the development of psychological and pedagogical science and practice of instruction and upbringing of children with developmental disorders.
Offense Situation Experience as a Traumatic Event Among Adolescents Being in Conflict with the Law
Authors: Velikotskaya A. , Khlomov K.D. , Enikolopov S.N. , Efremov A.G.
Published: October 2018

Present article describes the results of the study of the experience of the situation of the offense by adolescents who have come into conflict with the law as a traumatic event. The study involved 129 adolescents 15-17 years. The target group included 31 15-16-year-olds on probation and 33 17-year-olds serving sentences in the Mozhaisk educational colony. The control group consisted of 32 teenagers 15 years 33 teenagers 17 and 32 students 21-23 years. The study carried out using the technique of Scale assessment of the impact of traumatic events (Impact of Event Scale-R, IES-R). The results obtained describe how adolescents, which committed a crime, perceive the situation of the offense, especially if it was associated with causing significant physical harm to a particular person. Adolescents serving sentences in a colony experience the most intense feelings about the situation of the offence, and their experiences are traumatic.
Some Features of Verbal-Logical Thinking in the Norm and in Schizotypic Disorder (Using the Example of the Fourth Extra Technique)
Authors: Kobzova M. , Zvereva N.V. , Shchelokova O.
Published: October 2018

Тhis article is devoted to the study of the features of thinking in modern subjects in the group of practical norms. Two interrelated problems were posed: using the modified classical pathopsychological technique " Fourth Extra" to analyze the features of thinking in a modern sample of healthy men and women in a wide age range from 17 to 70 years; The second task is to analyze the same features in a narrowly aged sample of patients with schizotypic disorder of adolescence (17-28 years). The results of the research showed that, in the modern sample, the character of the actualized features has changed, on the basis of which a generalization is made. An essential example: as the study showed, at the present time the criteria "edible-inedible", "animate-inanimate" became either less frequent, or lost the same significance as in the 1960s-1970s, when classical studies were conducted by
T.K. Meleshko. Now the other functional signs of objects come to the fore: motion, size, texture, etc. Comparison of the data of healthy subjects and their peers with schizotypic disorder did not reveal significant differences in the standard score (based on new normative data) in the Fourth Extra technique. Apparently, this reflects a shift, primarily in the normative sample, in connection with the new social development situation. The obtained data require consideration when conducting diagnostic clinical and psychological research.
Manifestation of Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Men and Women Living in Armed Conflict Conditions in the East of Ukraine
Authors: Ryadinskaya E.
Published: October 2018

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the manifestations of posttraumatic stress disorder in a civilians living in the conditions of an armed conflict. It is revealed that the level of posttraumatic disorder depends on the state of health, the level of human resourcefulness and the degree of depression, as well as the coping behavior that is used in a stressful situation. It has been established that the residents from the areas of intensive shelling (the second group) are more likely to experience poor health, lower vital activity, and worsening of the mood. It is determined that the civilians from the areas of intense shelling characterized by depressive states of different levels, and their personal resourcefulness is decreasing. It was revealed that in the extreme conditions of life under constant stress the respondents of the second group most often use unproductive behavior strategies: emotional coping (more often in women), and avoidance-oriented coping (more evident in men). It is proved that in the second group of respondents (from the areas of intensive shelling) the average and elevated level of posttraumatic disorder prevails.
To the Jubilee of Tatiana Meshkova
Authors: Shcherbakova A.M. , Gorbachevskaya N.L.
Published: October 2018

July 13, 2018, the head and professor of chair of Differential Psychology and Psychophysiology of the department of Clinical and Special Psychology, deputy chief editor of the Clinical Psychology and Special Education Journal Tatyana Alexandrovna Meshkova celebrated her anniversary. We wish Tatiana Alexandrovna further creative success, rich professional and personal life!
Characterization of the Dolphin Ultrasonic Waves Using Wavelet Transform for Autism Therapy
Authors: Herlinawati Herlinawati , Murdika Umi , Setyawan FX Arinto
Published: October 2018

Autism is a neurobiological development disorder experienced by a person from birth or toddlers. Autistic sufferers have difficulty in forming social interaction, communicating, emotional, sensory and motor disturbances as well as slow or abnormal mental development. Therefore, people with autism will be isolated from normal human beings and enter the world of repetitive, activities and obsessive interests. Autism therapy using dolphins that produce ultrasonic waves with a certain frequency can align the function of motor and sensory nerves of patients with autistic. A direct therapy using dolphins requires a special time and a cost is quite expensive for once therapy. This research proposes autism therapy with artificial dolphin ultrasonic waves based on signal characterization issued by dolphins. The main difficulty in this characterization is to eliminate the unwanted signals (noise) from the desired signal when recording the signal issued by the dolphins. Noise filtering (denoising) is done using wavelet transform. This research proposes a model of a dolphin ultrasonic wave characterization using wavelet transformation by determining decomposition and threshold levels to obtain the best signal quality for autism therapy. The effectiveness of the proposed method is measured using the SNR parameter. The results showed that the level of decomposition 5 and hard threshold gave the highest SNR value compared to the others.
Conversor De Frequência Aplicado Na Eficientização De Sistemas De Irrigação Do Tipo Pivô Central
Authors: Nerys José Wilson L. , Marra Enes G. , De Oliveira Antônio Melo , Medeiros Antônio Marcos de M. , Cendes Flávio , Matias Lourenço , Alves Aylton J. , De Oliveira Luiz Fernando C.
Published: October 2018

O presente trabalho tem por objetivos apresentar uma metodologia para controle automático de sistemas de irrigação do tipo pivô central que resulta em economia de energia elétrica e uma metodologia de estimação do potencial desta economia nesses sistemas, a partir das características topográficas e elétricas, e com a aplicação do sistema de controle automático desenvolvido. O sistema automático de controle usa informações de pressão nas extremidades da linha lateral para controlar, através de conversores de freqüência, a velocidade de rotação da bomba de recalque responsável pela captação de água.
A High Frequency Transformer Isolation Ups System With 110V/220V Input Voltage
Authors: Torrico-Bascopé René P. , Oliveira Jr. Demercil S. , Branco Carlos G. C. , Antunes Fernando L. M.
Published: October 2018

This work proposes an isolated double conversion UPS with power factor correction using a high frequency transformer, and input voltages equal to 110V/220V. The arrangement is suitable to rack structures because it has small size and reduced weight. For both input voltages, the proposed converter has almost the same efficiency processing the same output power. Other relevant features are soft commutation of the controlled switches in the chopper and the boost stage, simple control strategy that can be implemented with well-known integrated circuits, and the use of few batteries in series due to the step-up stage. Qualitative analysis and experimental results obtained from 2kVA laboratory prototype are presented.
Ac-to-ac Converters With High Input Power Factor And Variable Output Frequency Without Any Feedback Control
Authors: Dos Santos Jr. Euzeli C. , Bento Aluísio A. M. , Da Silva Edison R. C. , Jacobina Cursino B.
Published: October 2018

The main goal of this paper is to propose three single-phase AC-to-AC converters based on the AC-DC Nabae converter. The proposed topologies improve input power factor and input current waveform without any complicated switching modulation, such as pulse width modulation, or feedback control. These topologies can operate with either variable output frequency in applications such as AC drive systems or fixed output frequency such as UPS (Uninterrupted Power Supply). The main characteristics of the proposed configurations are also presented. Experimental results verify the theoretical studies.
The Hidden Variables Theory
Authors: Fried Israel
Published: October 2018

The book presents a new conception on several physics topics. The initial values are non-relativistic quantities of subatomic particles which the values obtained in experiments are actually their relativistic reflection. The subjects in the book are presented in such order that each new topic is based on the development of its predecessor that explains where it stems from. The book presents methods of analyzing traditional physics concepts to extract hidden embedded information that reveals new variables which are combined with those known. The new formulas yield instant results that match experiments accurately. It presents discoveries like: The origin of electric charge of subatomic particle stem from its OAM. The electron's zero OAM at ground state, which is interpreted as the OAM is not necessarily a motion related is explained by the Schrödinger's Quantum Numbers obtained differently then solving the wave function! The electron's mass is expressing the square of its magnetic flux quantum. The proton, neutron and all baryons consist of three energy levels on which the quarks are orbiting. The third energy level of 80.5 GEV plays a major role at the weak decaying force while it host charged mesons that are emitted out thru a W boson that acquires the level's energy. Baryons beyond the proton and neutron are a composition of a down and up quarks at the first and second energy levels, plus quarks in a bound state composition of charged bosons positioned at their third energy level, hence bypassing the Pauli Exclusion Principle restriction. The OAM of the orbiting quarks are a third or two thirds of the reduced Planck constant. The proton's missing spin stems from the contributions of the quark's OAM. The Electron is a bound state composition of negative Pi meson and electron's neutrino. Electrons in confined space are going through a process named "spin-charge separation", validated by an experiment conducted at Cambridge and Birmingham universities.
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Improves Neurorehabilitation of Task-Specific Dystonia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Rosset-Llobet Jaume , Fàbregas-Molas Sílvia , Pascual-Leone Álvaro
Published: October 2018

Sensory-motor retuning (SMR) can help the symptoms of task-specific focal hand dystonia. However, effects vary across patients and take many sessions. Here, we present proof of principle evidence that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can enhance these effects. We compared
the effects of a combined tDCS-SMR protocol (n=4 patients) with the efficacy of SMR alone (n=30 patients). All 4 patients treated with the combined protocol showed greater improvement than those undergoing SMR alone. Results encourage a larger, parallel-group clinical trial with sham tDCS
control.
The Effect of Moderate Glycemic Energy Bar Consumption on Blood Glucose and Mood in Dancers
Authors: Brown Derrick , Wyon Matthew
Published: October 2018

Ingesting quality carbohydrates has been shown to be essential for dancers. Given that most dance classes take place in the morning, it has been recommended that dancers eat a well-balanced breakfast containing carbohydrates, fats, and protein as a means of fueling this activity. The
aim of this study was to determine the effect of a moderate glycemic index energy (MGI) bar or a fasting condition on dancers’ blood glucose levels and perceived pleasure-displeasure response during the first dance class of the day. In a randomized counterbalanced design, 10 female preprofessional
dance students took their regular scheduled contemporary dance class, on four separate occasions. On each occasion, they consumed either a commercially prepared carbohydrate (CHO)-dense energy bar (47.3 g CHO) or water (FAST). Plasma glucose responses and pleasure-displeasure affect were measured
before and at two time points during the class. Dancers who consumed the MGI bar had significantly greater peak blood glucose levels at all time points than those who fasted (p<0.05). Regarding affective state measures, participants who had breakfast had significantly greater pleasure scores
than those who only ingested water (p<0.05). In conclusion, results suggest that CHO with an MGI value positively impacts blood glucose concentrations during a dance class. Further, we conclude that skipping breakfast can have an unfavorable effect on the pleasure-displeasure state of dancers.
These findings highlight the impact of breakfast on how one feels, as well as the physiological and metabolic benefits of CHO as an exogenous energy source in dancers.
Melodies of the Mind: Connections Between Psychoanalysis and Music. By Julie Jaffee Nagel.
Authors: Raeburn Susan D
Published: October 2018

Melodies of the Mind: Connections Between Psychoanalysis and Music. By Julie Jaffee Nagel. Published by Routledge/Taylor & Francis, Nov 2012. 168 pp (paperback). 978-0-415-69279-3.
Abstracts from the Literature, No. 62
Authors: Dawson William J
Published: October 2018

Once again the current literature has provided material for a special review topic. The first four articles discuss the complexities of pianists’ hand and finger functions from both biomechanical and neurobiological standpoints. Now, if these findings would only help us always
play the right notes! Installment #62.
Benefits of Music Training Are Widespread and Lifelong: A Bibliographic Review of Their Non-Musical Effects
Authors: Dawson William J
Published: October 2018

Recent publications indicate that musical training has effects on non-musical activities, some of which are lifelong. This study reviews recent publications collected from the Performing Arts Medicine Association bibliography. Music training, whether instrumental or vocal, produces
beneficial and long-lasting changes in brain anatomy and function. Anatomic changes occur in brain areas devoted to hearing, speech, hand movements, and coordination between both sides of the brain. Functional benefits include improved sound processing and motor skills, especially in the upper
extremities. Training benefits extend beyond music skills, resulting in higher IQs and school grades, greater specialized sensory and auditory memory/recall, better language memory and processing, heightened bilateral hand motor functioning, and improved integration and synchronization of
sensory and motor functions. These changes last long after music training ends and can minimize or prevent age-related loss of brain cells and some mental functions. Early institution of music training and prolonged duration of training both appear to contribute to these positive changes.
Playing-Related Problems among Musicians of the Orquesta Buena Vista Social Club and Supporting Bands
Authors: Heredia Luis , Hinkamp David , Brodsky Marc , Llapur Carlos
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND: The Orquesta Buena Vista Social Club is a world-renowned group of Cuban musicians accomplished in a variety of musical styles. The musicians of the Orquesta Buena Vista Social Club and supporting musicians of their orchestras represent a cohort of musicians throughout Cuba
who continue to play traditional genres and perform into their older ages. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to (1) identify musculoskeletal conditions that occurred over the previous 12 months among the members of the Orquesta and supporting musicians and (2) to discover if these conditions,
in part, were caused by or in some way affected musical performance. METHODS: The study was a convenience sample of musicians within the Orquesta Buena Vista Social Club and supporting musical groups. Thirty-six musicians completed a self-administered survey. RESULTS: Sixty-seven percent (24/36)
of the total sample of musicians and 89% (16/18) of those over age 60 years had at least one musculoskeletal condition over the previous 12 months. Forty-four percent (16/36) of the total sample of musicians and 61% (11/18) of those older than 60 years of age reported that a musculoskeletal
complaint was either, in part, caused by or affected their performance. CONCLUSION: Musculoskeletal conditions were prevalent among the Cuban musicians, especially in those over 60 years of age. Collaboration of medical professionals, managers, and musicians may help to generate ideas on how
to prevent injuries as well as to evaluate what treatments for playing-related conditions, including both conventional and complementary and alternative therapies, are most effective.
Addressing the NASM Health and Safety Standard through Curricular Changes in a Brass Methods Course: An Outcome Study
Authors: Laursen Amy , Chesky Kris
Published: October 2018

The National Association of Schools of Music (NASM) recently ratified a new health and safety standard requiring schools of music to inform students about health concerns related to music. While organizations such as the Performing Arts Medicine Association have developed advisories,
the exact implementation is the prerogative of the institution. One possible approach is to embed health education activities into existing methods courses that are routinely offered to music education majors. This may influence student awareness, knowledge, and the perception of competency
and responsibility for addressing health risks associated with learning and performing musical instruments. Unfortunately, there are no known lesson plans or curriculum guides for supporting such activities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to (1) develop course objectives and content
that can be applied to a preexisting brass methods course, (2) implement course objectives into a semester-long brass methods course, and (3) test the effectiveness of this intervention on students’ awareness, knowledge, perception of competency, and responsibly of health risks that
are related to learning and performing brass instruments. Results showcase the potential for modifying methods courses without compromising the other objectives of the course. Additionally, students’ awareness, knowledge, perception of competency, and responsibility were positively influenced
as measured by changes in pre to post responses to survey group questions.
Comparison of the Metabolic Demands of Dance Performance Using Three Mobility Devices for a Dancer with Spinal Cord Injury and an Able-Bodied Dancer
Authors: Mengelkoch Larry J , Highsmith M Jason , Morris Merry L
Published: October 2018

Mobility devices for dancers with physical mobility impairments have previously been limited to traditional manual or power wheelchairs. The hands-free torso-controlled mobility chair is a unique powered mobility device which allows greater freedom and expression of movement of the
trunk and upper extremities. This study compared differences in energy expenditure during a standardized dance activity using three mobility devices: the hands-free torso-controlled mobility chair, a manual sports wheelchair with hand-arm control, and an electric power chair with hand-joystick
control. An experienced dancer with C7 incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) and an experienced able-bodied dancer were recruited for testing. Three measurement trials were obtained for each chair per subject. Oxygen uptake (VO2) and heart rate (HR) were measured continuously during the dance
activity. Immediately following the dance activity, subjects rated perceived exertion. Significant differences (p≤0.05) and similar linear patterns in VO2 and HR responses were observed between chairs for both dancers. When the hands-free mobility chair was used, the dance activity required
a moderate level of energy expenditure compared to the manual sports chair or electric power chair for both dancers. Higher ratings of perceived exertion were observed in the manual chair compared to the other chairs for the dancer with SCI, but were similar between chairs for the able-bodied
dancer. These results suggest that for a dancer with high-level SCI, the hands-free torso-controlled mobility chair may offer improved freedom and expressive movement possibilities and is an energy-efficient mobility device.
Typical Musculoskeletal Patterns in Upper String Players with Neck and Arm Problems
Authors: Lahme Albrecht , Eibl Iris , Reichl Franz-Xaver
Published: October 2018

Upper string players face a very high risk of playing-related disorders. Based on a questionnaire and a physical examination, this study investigated if a typical musculoskeletal pattern emerges. It was found that the typical upper string musician shows problems with the neck, shoulders
(with equal probability for left and right side, X2 = 0.53, p>0.05), right elbow (X2 = 4.80, p<0.05) and hand (X2 = 3.90, p<0.05), and fingers of the left hand (X2 = 9.53, p<0.01). This finding can be used to improve planning of preventive measures and therapeutic treatments.
Nordic Dedication to Musicians’ Health and Performance: A Successful Launch of the First Nordic Conference
Authors: Röijezon Ulrik , Nyberg Lars , Paarup Helene M
Published: October 2018

Within the last 30 years performing arts medicine has grown internationally as a scientific and clinical specialty for investigation, examination, treatment, and prevention of disorders among performing arts professionals and amateurs, i.e., dancers, singers, musicians, actors, and
others engaged in performing arts. In the Nordic countries, clinical specialization and research regarding the health situation of musicians and other performing artists has been relatively sparse. However, this has gained speed in the last decade and is today a growing field. Musicians’
Health and Performance 1st Nordic Conference 2013 took place June 13-14, 2013, at the Acusticum Concert Hall in Piteå in the northern part of Sweden, close to the Arctic circle.
Ergonomic Piano Keyboards
Authors: Boyle Rhonda
Published: October 2018

I noted with interest your recent editorial (June 2014 issue) about keyboard instruments and fully support your comments. Thank you for mentioning the PASK website (Pianists for Access to Smaller Keyboards, www.paskpiano. org) which I maintain on behalf of pianists around the world
who are keen to see change in the “one size fits all” approach to the piano keyboard that has prevailed since the 1880s. As you noted, piano key widths were narrower until that time, and it seems that the current size was settled on by the then-major manufacturers based on the
needs of certain European male virtuosos who were closely involved in piano design and production. As a result, we now have a keyboard best suited to males with average to large hands.
Penginovasian Bentuk Disfemisme Pada Berita Online dan Relevansinya Pada Bahan Ajar Bahasa Indonesia di SMP
Authors: Ratna Juwita Nivia Putri , Wahyudi Agus Budi
Published: October 2018

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan (1) menemukan bentuk dan fungsi disfemisme pada berita online “detik.com”, (2) menginovasikan bentuk disfemisme pada berita online “detik.com”, dan (3) mendeskripsikan relevansi penginovasian bentuk disfemisme pada berita online “detik.com” sebagai bahan ajar bahasa Indonesia di SMP. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data penelitian ini yaitu berita online detik.com. Data penelitian ini berupa bentuk dan fungsi disfemisme yang terdapat di berita online detik.com. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik simak dan catat. Keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi teori. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode agih dan padan referensial, dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik ganti. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari 50 bentuk disfemisme menunjukkan pertama, terdapat tiga bentuk disfemisme yaitu disfemisme bentuk kata, disfemisme bentuk frasa, dan disfemisme bentuk klausa. Kedua, terdapat tujuh fungsi disfemisme, yaitu mengungkapkan keheranan, mengungkapkan keintiman dalam pergaulan, mengungkapkan emosi, mengungkapkan rasa kesal, mengungkapkan penghinaan, mengungkapkan candaan atau tujuan melawak, dan mengungkapkan frustasi dan jengkel.

Kata kunci: bentuk, disfemisme, fungsi, penginovasian, relevansi

 

Abstract

This study aims to describe (1) find the form and function of dysphemism in online news "detik.com", (2) to innovate the form of dysphemism on online news "detik.com", and (3) to describe the relevance of the innovation of the form of dysphemism on online news " detik.com "as Indonesian language teaching materials in junior high school. The type of research used in this study is descriptive qualitative research. Sources of research data is online news detik.com. This research data in the form and function of dysphemism contained in online news detik.com. Techniques of data collection using techniques refer and note. Validity of data in this study using triangulation theory. This research uses the method of agih and referential padan, with data analysis technique using change technique. Based on the results of the research of 50 forms of dysphemism show first, there are three forms of dysphemism, namely word form dysphemism, phrase form dysphemism, and clauses dysphemism. Secondly, there are seven functions of dysphemism: expressing astonishment, expressing social intimacy, expressing emotions, expressing resentment, expressing contempt, expressing jokes or jesting purposes, and expressing frustration and irritation.

Keywords: dysphemism, form, function, innovation, relevance
Analisis Kesantunan Berbahasa Dalam Debat Publik Calon Bupati Kabupaten Kerinci Tahun 2018
Authors: . Akhyaruddin , . Priyanto , Agusti Ageza
Published: October 2018

Abstrak

Debat kandidat kepala daerah menjadi salah satu sarana untuk meningkatkan kualitas kandidat. Para kandidat akan menjelaskan latar belakang dan program kerja kepada masyarakat. Untuk itu para kandidat dituntut untuk menjelaskan program yang ditawarkan kepada masyarakat dengan bahsa yang tepat. Selain itu, untuk menghadapi lawan debat perlu menggunakan strategi dan bahasa yang mencakup maksim-maksim prinsip sopan santun yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan kesantunan berbahasa yakni prinsip sopan santun dalam debat publik Kabupaten Kerinci Provinsi Jambi tahun 2018. Panjangnya ujaran digunakan secara maksimal untuk menyerang mitra tutur yang dianggap tidak sepaham dan juga untuk mempromosikan keunggulan diri sendiri serta keinginan untuk memaksimalkan kerugian pada mitra tutur. Dalam pelanggaran maksim-maksim tersebut memunculkan maksud berupa menginformasikan, menyindir, berpendapat, menyarankan, mengkritik, mengeluh, serta pembelaan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan luaran memaksimalkan pelanggaran maksim untuk  debat kandidat.

 

Kata Kunci: Kesantunan berbahasa,  prinsip sopan santun

 

Abstract

Regional leader candidate debate become one of the means to increase the quality of the candidate. The candidates will explain their background and work program to the community. Because of it the candidates have to explain the program that they offer in the correct language. In addition, to face their contender, they need to use the correct language and strategy that include the use of correct politeness maxims. This research aim to describe a speaking politeness specifically manners principle in Kerinci district’s regent candidate public debate 2018. The maximum length of the utterance to attack their contender with different understanding and to promote their own strength and to maximize their contender’s loss. The maxim violation mean to inform, satirize, argue, criticize, complain, and defend. This research generate contribution to maximize the maxim’s violation to candidate debate.

Keywords:  speaking politeness, manners principle.
Pengembangan Materi Keterampilan Mengajar Berbasis Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Pedagogik Mahasiswa
Authors: Suwardi Imam , Setiono Panut
Published: October 2018

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh kevalidan, kepraktisan dan kemenarikan untuk produk pengembangan materi keterampilan mengajar berbasis Problem Based Learning untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogik mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Jambi yang disusun kedalam bentuk modul belajar. Langkah – langkah yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini mengikuti langkah – langkah Model Dick, Carrey & Carrey (2009) yang disederhanakan menjadi sembilan dari sepuluh langkah yang ada. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu angket validasi ahli angket kepraktisan dari teman sejawat dan uji kemenarikan dari mahasiswa. Dari hasil uji kelayakan produk pengembangan pada hasil uji validasi ahli mendapat skor presentase sebesar 84,62%, produk yang sudah dikembangkan sangat layak untuk digunakan. Uji kepraktisan berdasarkan hasil tanggapan dosen terhadap modul belajar sebesar 91,2 %, produk yang dikembangkan masuk dalan kategori kriteria digunakan tanpa revisi. Pada uji kepraktisan melalui tanggapan perserta didik diperoleh hasil dengan presentase rata-rata sebesar 75,16%, hasil ini berada pada tingkat kualifikasi layak.

Kata Kunci: problem based learning, kompetensi pedagogik

Abstract

This study aims to obtain validity, practicality and attractiveness for the development of teaching skills based on Problem Based Learning materials to improve the pedagogical competence of students of the Jambi University Language and Literature Education Study Program at the University of Jambi which is organized into learning modules. The steps taken in this study follow the steps of Model Dick, Carrey & Carrey (2009) which are simplified into nine of the ten steps. The instruments used in this study were expert validation questionnaires from practical questionnaires from peers and tests of student interest. From the results of the product development feasibility test on the results of the expert validation test got a percentage score of 84.62%, the products that have been developed are very feasible to use. Practicality test based on the results of the lecturers' responses to the learning module was 91.2%, the products developed in the criteria category were used without revision. In the practicality test through student responses obtained results with an average percentage of 75.16%, these results are at the level of eligibility.

Keywords: problem based learning, pedagogic competence
MOLECULAR GENETIC STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF SNP C677T OF THE GENE MTHFR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONGENITAL ISOLATED CLEFT LIP AND PALATE
Authors: Uchaeva V. S. , Vasiliev Yu. A. , Gracheva A. S. , Gulenko O. V. , Udina I. G.
Published: October 2018

Aim. This research was designed to conduct an associative population genetic study for the consideration of the impact of SNP C677T of the gene MTHFR in the congenital maxillofacial developmental anomalies (CMDA): congenital cleft lip (CCL), congenital cleft palate (CCP), congenital cleft lip and palate (CCLP) in the Krasnodar territory. The aim of the study is to establish the associations between SNP C677T of the gene MTHFR and the development of congenital cleft lip and/ or palate.

Materials and methods. In this research, the peculiarities of distribution of SNP C667T of the gene MTHFR in children with congenital cleft lip and/or palate (n=223) and their mothers (n=78) in comparison with the control group (n=124) were studied in the Krasnodar territory. The genetic demographic questionnaires were gathered for children with CMDA, the information about diagnosis was obtained from the medical records. The biological samples, including blood or scrapings of oral mucosa, were collected from children with the pathology and their mothers. The DNA was extracted from the samples by the standard method. The study of the peculiarities of distribution of alleles of SNP C677T of the gene MTHFR was performed by PCR-PFLP with endonuclease Hinf I or by tetra-primer ARMS-PCR method in children with CCL, CCP, CCLP, their mothers and the control group. Statistical processing of the obtained data was performed by the algorithms of the “Statistica” program.

Results. While comparing the profiles of frequencies of SNP C677T in children with CCL, CCP and CCLP with the control group, there were identified no significant differences in the frequency of this SNP and no peculiarities of genotypes distribution. There was identified a significant difference in the peculiarities of genotypes distribution with the control group (G=19,5232, d.f.=1, p<0,001) as well as united genotypes (С/C и С/T) in accordance to T/T (G=10,4657, d.f.=1; p<0,001) and united genotypes (C/T и T/T) in accordance to C/C (G=15,1896, d.f.=1, p<0,001) for the mothers of children with CCL, CCP and CCLP.

Conclusion. As a result of the study, we established the association of SNP C677T of the MTHFR gene with the development of congenital cleft lip and/or palate: mothers’ T/T genotype is associated with the increased risk of giving birth to a child with CCL, CCP and CCLP (in comparison with mothers with C/C+C/T genotype): odds ratio [OR]=16,63, 95% CI: 3,86-71,71; p=0,0003 and also for mothers with genotypes (C/T+T/T) in comparison with mothers with genotypes C/C: OR=3,22, CI:1,71-6,08; p=0,0002. The amount of risk is not significant in children with CMDA for T/T genotype. So it is possible to make a conclusion about the impact of C677T of the gene MTHFR in the development of CCL, CCP and CCLP only in mother’s genotype.
DYNAMICS OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WOUND PROCESS IN PATIENTS WITH ODONTOGENIC FLEGMONS IN ANTIOXIDANT THERAPY
Authors: Shafranova S. K. , Gaivoronskaya T. V. , Kazaryan A. S. , Paramonova O. A.
Published: October 2018

Aim. This research was designed to conduct a morphological analysis of the purulent wound exudate in the complex treatment of patients with odontogenic phlegmon of maxillofacial area (MA) by the antioxidant “Rexod” and antihypoxant “Mafusol”.

Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 62 patients (aged 18 to 50 years) with odontogenic phlegmon who were divided into 3 groups. Group I (n=20) – the traditional treatment was supplemented by the intravenous drip injection of the antioxidant "Rexod"; group II (n=21) – the traditional treatment was combined with the intravenous injection of the antioxidant "Rexod" and antihypoxicant "Mafusol"; Group III (n=21) had the traditional treatment. The debridement of the purulent wound included a treatment with 0.06% sodium hypochlorite solution in all groups of patients in the first phase of the wound process; in the second phase the patients in all main groups were treated with the "Soderm" ointment dressings; in the comparison group were used the bandages with methyluracil ointment. In the third phase the gel "Kontraktubeks" was used to prevent the formation of rough scar tissue. There was carried out a morphological examination of smearsimprints of the wound exudate.

Results. The microscopic analysis of the cellular landscape of the exudate revealed a significant number of polynuclears which are probably the segmented neutrophilic leukocytes and typical eosinophils; the number of mononuclear cells represented by typical lymphocytes was 4 times less; a single presence of macrophages, plasmocytes, fibroblast-like and epithelioid cells. The signs of degeneration were identified in the cells of histiogenic origin.

Conclusion. As a result, there was revealed a gradual increase of overall amount of cells in the wound exudate in all study groups during the treatment, however, this process was pronounced to a greater extent in the patients of group I and II. The obtained result indicates the direct dependence of the activation of reparative processes in the wound from the applied medicines.
CURRENT STATE OF WORKING AND HEALTH CONDITIONS OF HEALTH WORKERS OF DENTAL SPECIALITY
Authors: Bykovskaya T. Yu. , Leontyeva E. Yu. , Ivanov A. S.
Published: October 2018

Aim. To conduct a review of literature concerning current state of working and health conditions of health workers of dental speciality.

Materials and methods. To conduct a review of Russian and foreign literature of recent years from RSCI, Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed.

Results. Dental speciality is considered to be one of the largest medical specializations. Development and implementation of innovative technologies, expansion of apparatus and medicamental treatment methods in dentistry increased the amount of harmful factors in the workplace of the specialists of this sphere.

Conclusion. Hygienic working conditions assessment and dental specialists’ workflow organization data require significant addition and personal professional risk assessment. The expansion of specification of the influence aspects of occupational hazards in the dentistry sphere will make it possible to decrease the risk of pathological processes emergence in the specialists of this sphere.
THE STATE OF ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM OF BLOOD IN PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM PSYCHOSTIMULANTS AND OPIOIDS ADDICTION SYNDROME
Authors: Lubchenko D. A. , Bykov I. M. , Popova M. A. , Litvinova M. G.
Published: October 2018

Aim. This study was designed to perform the comparative evaluation of functioning of antioxidant system of blood in patients 137 Kubanskij nauchnyj medicinskij vestnik 2018; 25 (5) suffering from psychostimulants and opioids addiction syndrome.

Materials and methods. The study was performed using biological material of 52 patients divided into 3 groups. Patients who were considered to be conditionally healthy were included in the 1st (control) group. The 2nd group was presented by the patients suffering from opioids addiction syndrome, the 3rd group included patients suffering from psychostimulants addiction syndrome. Some parameters of the thiol metabolism and general antioxidant activity were identified in the blood plasma of patients as well as the level of products of oxidative modifications of biomolecules and the activity of enzymes of antioxidant protection in the erythrocytes.

Results. In the course of the performed studies it was revealed that the decreased antioxidant activity of the blood plasma by 28-40% was characteristic for the examined patients as well as the imbalance of enzymes of the antiradical protection of erythrocytes and the high intensity of oxidative modifications of biomolecules characterized by the increase in the thiobarbituric value by 2,4-3 times. The activity of superoxide dismutase in erythrocytes of patients of both test groups decreased by 35-43%, while the catalase activity increased by 15-21% in comparison with the relevant indices of the control group. The presence of such changes in the functioning of enzymes of the antioxidant protection can indirectly prove the presence of hypoxia in the examined patients. Besides, the increase in the content of easily-accessible thiol groups by 2,6-2,8 times and the decrease in the content of SH-groups difficult for access by 2,5-3,2 times was noted in patients suffering from the drug addiction. The reconstruction of the balance of various types of thiol groups can be associated with the confirmatory reconstruction of protein molecules induced by the oxidative modifications and combining of toxins.

Conclusion. The study in prooxidant-antioxidant status revealed the common traits in the disease pattern in patients suffering from various types of drug addiction. The received data allow us to discuss the perspectives of the criteria search for the laboratory biochemical monitoring of the patients with drug addiction and the possibilities of the antioxidant correction of metabolic disorders as a component of the complex therapy for such patients.
THE INFLUENCE OF DENTAL IMPLANTATION ON THE STATE OF THE BALANCE OF ANTIOXIDANTPROOXIDANT SYSTEM OF ORAL LIQUID IN PATIENTS WITH PARTIAL ADENTIA
Authors: Bykov I. M. , Sevostyanov I. A. , Shvets O. V. , Gajvoronskaya T. V. , Litvinova M. G.
Published: October 2018

Aim. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the influence of treatment of partial adentia by means of the dental implantation over the changes in antioxidant-prooxidant balance of oral liquid.

Materials and methods. The study was performed on 40 testees divided into 2 groups: the control group (conditionally healthy people) and the test group (patients with adentia of 1-4 teeth). During the initial examination all the testees underwent the sampling of oral liquid. The oral liquid of patients was sampled at three stages of treatment: at the suture release after the dental implantation, at the installation of the healing abutment and at the installation of orthopedic constructions. The concentration of the products of oxidative modifications of biomolecules was determined in oral liquid as well as the state of the system of antioxidant protection.

Results. As a result of a study, it was revealed that the antioxidant activity decreased by 20,7% against the background of the increase in intensity of oxidative processes in oral liquid of patients with partial adentia by 1,8 times. During the treatment it was revealed that the tendency of the gradual increase in general antioxidant potential to the control indices and the decrease in oxidative stress in oral liquid took place. The activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in oral liquid of patients of the 2nd group sampled at the initial examination was higher than the control indices by 71,6% and 53,4% respectively. At the second stage of the treatment the activity of superoxide dismutase remained increased by 59,1% while the catalase activity decreased by 2,4 times up to the indices 1,6 times lower than the control indices. At this stage it may be noted that the catalase insufficiency is relative which can lead to the increased concentration of hydrogen peroxide against the background of the increased activity of superoxide dismutase. At the 3rd and the 4th stages of the treatment the catalase activity increased by 25,9% in comparison with the indices of the previous stage of the study while the activity of superoxide dismutase decreased to the control indices. The correlation of changes in enzymatic activity of antioxidant protection was close to one.

Conclusion. The imbalance of antioxidant-prooxidant system at early stages of treatment may provoke the complications development that’s why the attention must be paid to the perspectives of possible antioxidant correction. In general, the results of the study proved the absence of negative influence of the material used in the dental implant on metabolic systems of oral liquid.