bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disparity in Lung Cancer Screening Among Smokers and Nonsmokers in China: Prospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Le , Wang Youqing , Wang Fei , Gao Yumeng , Fang Zhimei , Gong Weiwei , Li Huizhang , Zhu Chen , Chen Yaoyao , Shi Lei , Du Lingbin , Li Ni
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening is effective in reducing lung cancer mortality in smokers; however, the evidence in nonsmokers is scarce.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the participant rate and effectiveness of one-off LDCT screening for lung cancer among smokers and nonsmokers.

METHODS

A population-based prospective cohort study was performed to enroll participants aged between 40 and 74 years from 2013 to 2019 from 4 cities in Zhejiang Province, China. Participants who were evaluated as having a high risk of lung cancer from an established risk score model were recommended to undergo LDCT screening. Follow-up outcomes were retrieved on June 30, 2020. The uptake rate of LDCT screening for evaluated high-risk participants and the detection rate of early-stage lung cancer (stage 0-I) were calculated. The lung cancer incidence, lung cancer mortality, and all-cause mortality were compared between the screened and nonscreened groups.

RESULTS

At baseline, 62.56% (18,818/30,079) of smokers and 6% (5483/91,455) of nonsmokers were identified as high risk (P<.001), of whom 41.9% (7885/18,818) and 66.31% (3636/5483) underwent LDCT screening (P<.001), respectively. After a median follow-up of 5.1 years, 1100 lung cancer cases and 456 all-cause death cases (116 lung cancer death cases) were traced. The proportion of early-stage lung cancer among smokers was 60.3% (173/287), which was lower than the proportion of 80.3% (476/593) among nonsmokers (P<.001). Among smokers, a higher proportion was found in the screened group (72/106, 67.9%) than the nonscreened group (56/114, 49.1%; P=.005), whereas no significance was found (42/44, 96% vs 10/12, 83%; P=.20) among nonsmokers. Compared with participants who were not screened, LDCT screening in smokers significantly increased lung cancer incidence (hazard ratio [HR] 1.39, 95% CI 1.09-1.76; P=.007) but reduced lung cancer mortality (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.28-0.96; P=.04) and all-cause mortality (HR 0.47, 95% CI 0.32-0.69; P<.001). Among nonsmokers, no significant results were found for lung cancer incidence (P=.06), all-cause mortality (P=.89), and lung cancer mortality (P=.17).

CONCLUSIONS

LDCT screening effectively reduces lung cancer and all-cause mortality among high-risk smokers. Further efforts to define high-risk populations and explore adequate lung cancer screening modalities for nonsmokers are needed.
Peer Review of "Postacute Sequelae of COVID-19 and Adverse Psychiatric Outcomes: Protocol for an Etiology and Risk Systematic Review" (Preprint)
Authors: Knight Dacre
Published: March 2023

UNSTRUCTURED
Peer Review for "	Postacute Sequelae of COVID-19 and Adverse Psychiatric Outcomes: Protocol for an Etiology and Risk Systematic Review" (Preprint)
Authors: Griffin Daniel
Published: March 2023

UNSTRUCTURED
Effectiveness of Online and Remote Interventions for Mental Health in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults After the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Fischer-Grote Linda , Fössing Vera , Aigner Martin , Fehrmann Elisabeth , Boeckle Markus
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of mental illness increased in children, adolescents, and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, while at the same time, access to treatment facilities has been restricted, resulting in a need for the quick implementation of remote or online interventions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to give an overview of randomized controlled studies examining remote or online interventions for mental health in children, adolescents, and young adults and to explore the overall effectiveness of these interventions regarding different symptoms.

METHODS

A systematic literature search was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines using PubMed, PsycInfo, Psyndex, Embase, and Google Scholar. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects model to calculate overall effect sizes for interventions using standardized mean differences (SMDs) for postintervention scores.

RESULTS

We identified 17 articles with 8732 participants in the final sample, and 13 were included in the quantitative analysis. The studies examined different digital interventions for several outcomes, showing better outcomes than the control in some studies. Meta-analyses revealed significant medium overall effects for anxiety (SMD=0.44, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.67) and social functioning (SMD=0.42, 95% CI –0.68 to –0.17) and a large significant effect for depression (SMD=1.31, 95% CI 0.34 to 2.95). In contrast, no significant overall treatment effects for well-being, psychological distress, disordered eating, and COVID-19–related symptoms were found.

CONCLUSIONS

The qualitative and quantitative analyses of the included studies show promising results regarding the effectiveness of online interventions, especially for symptoms of anxiety and depression and for training of social functioning. However, the effectiveness needs to be further investigated for other groups of symptoms in the future. All in all, more research with high-quality studies is required.
Survival and Trends in Annualized Hazard Function by Age at Diagnosis Among Chinese Breast Cancer Patients Aged ≤40 Years: Case Analysis Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Jun , Luo Ting , Xiang Zhong-zheng , He Ming-min , Zeng Yuan-yuan , Yang Tian , Wei Xiao-yuan , Yu Siting , Dai Ze-lei , Xu Ning-yue , Tan Chen-feng , Liu Lei
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Young breast cancer patients are more likely to develop aggressive tumor characteristics and a worse prognosis than older women, and different races and ethnicities have distinct epidemiologies and prognoses. However, few studies have evaluated the clinical biological features and relapse patterns in different age strata of young women in Asia.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to explore survival differences and the hazard function in young Chinese patients with breast cancer (BC) by age.

METHODS

The patients were enrolled from West China Hospital, Sichuan University. The chi-squared test, a Kaplan-Meier analysis, a log-rank test, a Cox multivariate hazards regression model, and a hazard function were applied for data analysis. Locoregional recurrence–free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis–free survival (DMFS), breast cancer–specific survival (BCSS), and overall survival (OS) were defined as end points.

RESULTS

We included 1928 young BC patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2019. Patients aged 18 to 25, 26 to 30, 31 to 35, and 36 to 40 years accounted for 2.7% (n=53), 11.8% (n=228), 27.7% (n=535), and 57.7% (n=1112) of the patients, respectively. The diagnosis of young BC significantly increased from 2008 to 2019. Five-year LRFS, DMFS, BCSS, and OS for the entire population were 98.3%, 93.4%, 94.4%, and 94%, respectively. Patients aged 18 to 25 years had significantly poorer 5-year LRFS (P<.001), 5-year DMFS (P<.001), 5-year BCSS (P=.04), and 5-year OS (P=.04) than those aged 31 to 35, 26 to 30, and 36 to 40 years. The hazard curves for recurrence and metastasis for the whole cohort continuously increased over the years, while the BC mortality risk peaked at 2 to 3 years and then slowly decreased. When stratified by age, the annualized hazard function for recurrence, metastasis, and BC mortality in different age strata showed significantly different trends, especially for BC mortality.

CONCLUSIONS

The annual diagnosis of young BC seemed to increase in Chinese patients, and the distinct age strata of young BC patients did not differ in survival outcome or failure pattern. Our results might provide strategies for personalized management of young BC.
Large-scale characterization of co-purchased food products with soda, fruits, and vegetables: association rule mining on longitudinal loyalty card grocery purchasing data in Montréal, Canada. (Preprint)
Authors: Mamiya Hiroshi , Crowell Kody , Mah Catherine , Quesnel-Vallée Amélie , Verma Aman , Buckeridge David
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Foods are not purchased in isolation but are normally co-purchased with other food products. The patterns of co-purchasing associations across a large number of food products are not known.

OBJECTIVE

To quantify the association of food products purchased with each of three food categories of public health importance; soda, fruits and vegetables using Association Rule Mining (ARM).

METHODS

ARM was applied to grocery purchasing baskets (lists of purchased products) collected from loyalty club members in a major supermarket chain between 2015 and 2017 in Montréal, Canada. A selected subset of co-purchasing associations identified by ARM was further tested by confirmatory longitudinal (shopper-level) regression models controlling for potential confounders of the associations.

RESULTS

We analyzed 1,692,494 baskets. Salty snacks showed the strongest co-purchasing association with soda (Relative Risk[RR]=2.07, 95% Confidence Interval[CI]: 2.06, 2.09). Fresh vegetables and fruits showed considerably different patterns of co-purchasing from those of soda, with pre-made salad and stir fry showing a strong association (RR=3.78, 95%CI|:3.74-3.82 for fresh vegetables and RR=2.79, 95%CI:2.76-2.81 for fresh fruits). The longitudinal regression analysis confirmed these associations after adjustment with the confounders.

CONCLUSIONS

Quantifying inter-dependence of food products within shopping baskets provides novel insights to develop nutrition surveillance and interventions targeting multiple food categories, while motivating research to identify drivers of such co-purchasing. ARM is a useful analytical approach to identify such across-food associations from large transaction data.
Issues and Challenges of Implementing Fiscal Federalism Faced Under the Reform of A Federal State in Nepal
Authors: Khanal Uttam
Published: March 2023

After entering the federalism of Nepal, there was a debate about how the budget transfer would be state and local governance for the development of works. In the early days, although the central government would manage the budget, more problems started to appear in the financial transfer process, according to the policy of gradually leaving the responsibility of all the work including infrastructure development and physical construction to the central government. It seems challenging to establish political commitment in the distribution of resources according to the division of powers in the federal system. Instead of transferring resources, the tendency to centralize resources and manage the work of other levels of government by themselves has not gone away. In the top leadership, the tendency to understand federalism as decentralization rather than division of state power between the levels of government prevails. The second challenge of fiscal federalism is the balance, clarity and inter-level cooperation between the levels of government in matters of taxation and revenue. The revenue source at the state level is very low. All levels of government have distributive allocations, high expansion of current expenditure and weak public fiscal accountability. It seems that the allocated efficiency and productivity of public expenditure should be improved. There is no hesitation to rationalize public expenditure by cutting unnecessary expenditure that does not contribute to public services and financial contribution. A balance is needed between the distribution of responsibilities and financial power. For the successful implementation of financial federalism, it is appropriate to give work responsibilities along with spending arrangements. Based on job responsibilities, it is necessary to arrange resources and develop the ability to perform accordingly. A healthy financial system is the backbone for the successful and proper implementation of federalism in any country. There is no choice but to emulate the federalism of Nepal, which is still a milk child, and move forward with the economic, social and cultural development of the country through a transparent, balanced and predictable financial federalism. For that, we should consider the national interest as the motto to prepare a suitable or implementable action plan and move forward.
An Exploration of the Ecological Wisdom in Kumazawa Banzan’s Confucian Thought
Authors: Yan Zheng
Published: March 2023

Against the backdrop of an increasingly serious global ecological crisis, scholars have turned their attention to Eastern Confucianism in an attempt to find ecological wisdom in traditional Confucianism in order to seek a path of harmonious development between human beings and nature. Kumazawa Banzan, as a Confucianist and a realist with environmental consciousness who emerged in the context of the severe environmental destruction in the early Edo period, is very representative. In this paper, we will take Kumazawa’s Confucianism as an object of study and explore ecological wisdom in his Confucianism, taking his mountain and forestry thought as an example to understand its contemporary value.
Dinámica de la agricultura en territorios rurales que están en proceso de industrialización
Authors: García Sánchez Edgar Iván , Hernández Cortés Celia
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: analizar la dinámica de la producción de los principales cultivos agrícolas entre 2000 y 2018 en una zona de Tlaxcala que está cerca de uno de los complejos de la industria manufacturera automotriz de Puebla. Analizar también las agendas de los diferentes actores en el territorio, tales como agricultores, autoridades de los tres niveles de gobierno y ejidales, entre otros y sus redes sociales. Metodología: se estimaron los cambios en la superficie y en la producción de los principales cultivos de la región en dos periodos diferentes y se aplicó la teoría actor-red. Resultados: hay una tendencia negativa en el volumen de producción agrícola y una política que se orienta a aumentar la rentabilidad privada en detrimento de la rentabilidad social. Conclusiones: si bien el proceso de territorialización de las empresas manufactureras ubicadas en San José Chiapa, Puebla, no ha provocado aún controversias sustantivas en el sector agrícola del territorio, es necesario impulsar estrategias para fortalecer la agricultura de la región.
¿Incumplimiento del contrato de promesa a pesar de la celebración del contrato prometido en Colombia?
Authors: Baracaldo Chíquiza Jorge Luis
Published: March 2023

Este estudio se cuestiona si los efectos del contrato de promesa terminan con la celebración del contrato futuro o si, por el contrario, se puede hablar de vinculatoriedad del contrato de promesa y su posibilidad de incumplimiento pese a la celebración del contrato prometido. Este asunto ha sido resuelto de manera discordante por la jurisprudencia nacional de Colombia, por lo que surge la necesidad de exponer la problemática y brindar elementos de estudio para la construcción de una solución adecua-da.
Un tratamiento restaurativo para el aborto en Chile
Authors: González Ramírez Isabel Ximena , Vargas Ugalde Johanna Carla
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objeto analizar la posibilidad de tratar el conflicto del aborto desde una perspectiva más restaurativa que el actual enfoque punitivo que le da el sistema jurídico en Chile, problematizando el tema desde un enfoque de conflicto social, frente al desafío que se planteará la sociedad chilena de legislar sobre el aborto sin causales, limitado solo a un sistema de plazos. Para la consecución de aquello se realizó una investigación de metodología cualitativa, de diseño exploratorio y descriptivo, sustentada en el análisis crítico del discurso y cuyo objeto de estudio fueron los textos jurídicos, estudios alusivos al aborto y experiencia comparada. Concluyendo que es necesario otorgar una respuesta restaurativa a este fenómeno social, en los casos en que no concurran las causales permitidas por la ley, en reemplazo de la aplicación de una sanción punitiva, la que históricamente han inducido a agravar sus con-secuencias o de su despenalización sin otras prevenciones que las de tiempo, que invisibiliza este conflicto social permitiendo una salida más reparadora y preventiva al aborto.
La figura de la “condena alternativa” (wahlfeststellung): un estudio introductorio desde la discusión alemana
Authors: Reyes Romero Italo
Published: March 2023

El artículo presenta y explica la figura de la “condena alternativa” (Wahlfeststellung) de habitual aplicación en el derecho penal alemán, pero sin reconocimiento en el contexto latinoamericano, y que ha suscitado una interesante discusión dogmática en los últimos años. Una condena alternativa se presenta cuando el tribunal no puede comprobar de manera inequívoca la comisión de un delito determinado, pero al mismo tiempo está seguro de que algún delito ha sido cometido. Junto a la revisión de los presupuestos y criterios de admisibilidad de la figura, se expone detalladamente la discusión sobre su eventual inconstitucionalidad por infracción de los principios de legalidad y culpabilidad y los argumentos que sostienen la jurisprudencia y la doctrina en su favor.
La interpretación de conformidad con la Constitución en derecho alemán
Authors: Rojas Amandi Víctor Manuel
Published: March 2023

En el presente artículo se analiza la naturaleza y el ámbito material de validez del principio de interpretación conforme con la Constitución en Alemania. Esta figura jurisprudencial, cuyo fundamento jurídico se encuentra o, en la presunción de constitucionalidad de leyes o, en la unidad y construcción escalonada del orden jurídico o, en el principio de conservación de la norma —favor legis—, constituye una forma de control normativo que permite salvaguardar la validez de la norma secundaria que en alguna de sus posibles interpretaciones pudiera coludir con un mandato constitucional, al descalificar la validez de sólo alguna de sus posibles interpretaciones. Con esto se permite evitar que con motivo de la anulación de la norma secundaria se produzca una laguna en el orden jurídico que deba ser colmada mediante el desarrollo judicial del derecho, lo que en cierta forma falsearía la división de poderes.
Planes de compensación del daño a la salud provocado por error médico: investigación y elección jurídica comparada de ruta para la Federación de Rusia
Authors: Kolesnichenko Olga V.
Published: March 2023

El propósito de este trabajo es un estudio legal comparativo de la experiencia extranjera de regulación legal y la práctica de aplicar esquemas especiales de compensación por daños causados a la salud como resultado de un error médico, así como determinar las perspectivas para el desarrollo de la legislación rusa en esta parte. El artículo examina los actos jurídicos reglamentarios de la Federación de Rusia y varios países extranjeros (Bélgica, Alemania, Dinamarca, Noruega, Francia, Suecia, Emiratos Árabes Unidos, etcétera), la práctica de su aplicación. Métodos utilizados: filosófico general, científico general, científico particular, especial (jurídico formal, jurídico comparado). De particular valor para el estudio es el hecho de que el autor fundamenta la posibilidad de aplicar presunciones legales especiales como alternativa al uso de esquemas sin culpa que son costosos y organizacionalmente problemáticos. Por primera vez se determinan las perspectivas de introducción de determinados elementos de los sistemas de indemnización sin culpa de los «accidentes» en aquellas áreas de la actividad médica en las que es especialmente difícil establecer el origen del daño por la acción (omisión) de un determinado trabajador médico, incluso para elementos individuales del régimen. Como resultado, el estudio presentado es relevante y significativo no solo para Rusia, sino también para otros Estados que aún no han desarrollado una regulación legal reglamentaria especial estable de estas relaciones.
Radio Resource Allocation for 5G Network Using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: R G Umesh , G N Sushil Kumar , K Santhosh , M S Suraksha , K V Dr. Praveen Kumar
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Resource allocation is a critical task in 5Gnetworks that determines how network resources are assigned to different devices and services. Traditional methods rely on predefined rules or heuristics, which may not always be optimal. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL)is a promising approach for radio resource allocation in 5Gnetworks as it can learn to optimize resource allocation based on feedback from the network. In DRL, an agent learns to make decisions based on rewards and penalties received from the environment. In radio resource allocation, the agent would learn to allocate resources, such as frequency bands and power levels, to different devices and services to maximize some performance metric, such asthroughput or energy efficiency. The main challenge in applying DRL to radio resource allocation is designing an appropriate reward function that incentivizes the agent to improve the performance metric while avoiding undesirable behavior. Additionally, the radio resource allocation problem is complex, requiring the agent to consider many variables and constraints, such as channel conditions, interference, and QoS requirements. To address this, researchers have proposed various techniques such as hierarchical RL, multi-agent RL, and curriculum learning. Despite the challenges, DRL has shown promising results inradio resource allocation for 5G networks. It has outperformed traditional methods in some scenarios, especially when network conditions are dynamic and unpredictable. However, further research is necessary to explore the scalability and robustness of DRL-based approaches in practical 5G networks. In this method we suggest an algorithm for voice and data carriers in sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies respectively. The mmWave ranges between 30GHz to 300GHz
Study on Mechanical and Durability Characteristics of Sustainable Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Sankaranarayanan R , Vivekanandan G
Published: March 2023

Abstract: The concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has increased quickly as a result of anthropogenic activities that cause global warming. To solve this issue, Portland cement-free geopolymer concrete is created by using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as the primary binder and micronized biomass silica (MBS) in varying proportions in composition of GGBS. The outcomes of this experimental investigation demonstrate the mechanical properties and robustness of geopolymer concrete. In the creation of MBS, rice husk is utilized. Besides from compression, flexural, split tensile strength, and elastic modulus testing, further measurements of water absorption, water sorptivity and rapid chloride permeability test were also carried out. It is found that a geopolymer concrete mix with 10% MBS and 90% GGBS as a binder had the best strength and durability. Also, the compressive strengths of each geopolymer concrete mixture exceeded the required design strength. This experimental investigation shows the possibility of employing MBS as a binder raw material in the production of geopolymer concrete.
Leadership Style of School Heads in Relation to Teachers Classroom Practices in Selected Secondary Schools in PASIG
Authors: Garcia Christian Lloyd M.
Published: March 2023

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the leadership style of School Heads in relation to Teachers’ classroom practices in selected secondary schools in Pasig, responded by the School Heads and Teachers. The researcher used a descriptive survey method in collecting quantitative information in a conducive condition that enable respondents to answer the questionnaires through a checklist concerning the leadership style of school heads in secondary schools in Pasig in relation to teachers’ classroom practices honestly and thoroughly. In this study, the school heads, and teachers at secondary schools in Pasig were assigned to answer research questions. From a total of 156, there were 6 (six) school heads and (150) hundred fifty teachers participated in the research questions. Based on the information gathered through survey questionnaires, most of the principal respondents are 35-41 years old, female married, has master’s degree with doctorate units and in up to 36 years in service, as per the results, most school heads are using their instinct as a guiding mother to their children while updating their skills and knowledge in terms of leadership competence through post-graduate studies and used their gained abilities for the betterment of their schools in terms of teachers' classroom practices, using the scales on the questionnaires, the teachers also assessed the level of the leadership style of school heads in terms of achievement-oriented as very satisfactory with a weighted mean of 3.44, which showed that the leadership style of most school heads manifests an achievement-oriented style, the respondents are very satisfied with the school heads’ showing concern for the welfare of teachers; helping teachers overcome profession, and motivating teachers through material and non-material, incentives and support, while directive, supportive and participative as satisfactory, while the teachers’ respondents are 28-34 years old, female, married, has bachelor’s degree with master units, with a position as Teacher I and teaches for below 7 years, being new to the profession teachers combined their theoretical, applied learnings and mentored deftness to lift the standard of their performances when it comes to classroom practices, teachers in terms of mastery of the subject, teaching skills, classroom management, and education skills was assessed as always. There is a significant difference between the school heads’ leadership style and their gender, highest educational attainment, position, and length of service. There is a significant relationship between the school heads’ leadership style and the classroom practices of the teacher respondents.
Conflicto trabajo-familia, percepción de equidad de género y bienestar subjetivo en funcionarios de la salud en la región del Maule
Authors: Jiménez-Figueroa Andrés , Busto-Ramírez Ana , Orellana-Cornejo Michelle
Published: March 2023

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue describir la relación que existe entre conflicto trabajo- familia, percepción de equidad de género y bienestar subjetivo en funcionarios de la salud en la región del Maule (Chile). A 255 funcionarios de tres servicios públicos de salud se les administraron los instrumentos de Escala CTF/CFT, Cuestionario de Percepción de Equidad de Género, Escala de Satisfacción Vital y la Escala de Felicidad Subjetiva. Se observó que la dirección del conflicto trabajo-familia se orienta predominantemente de la familia hacia el trabajo. Asimismo, se encontró que existe una relación estadísticamente significativa y negativa entre las variables de conflicto trabajo-familia y la percepción de equidad de género, al igual que en las variables de conflicto trabajo-familia y bienestar subjetivo. Por el contrario, se evidencia que existe una relación estadísticamente significativa y positiva entre la percepción de equidad de género y el bienestar subjetivo. Se concluye la necesidad de afrontar los cambios sociales que se han ido experimentando con la inserción de la mujer al mundo laboral y en cómo ocurre un desajuste en términos de conciliación trabajo-familia a partir de los desafíos pospandemia.
Reflection on Clinical Decision Science: Stigma is a very real part of clinical practice
Authors: Rivkin Aaron
Published: March 2023

The author reflects on avoiding stigmatizing language in clinical practice.
Дундговь болон Хэрлэнгийн төмрийн металлогений бүсэд тархсан төмрийн ордууд
Authors: Л. Оюунжаргал , С. Оюунгэрэл , Б. Тамир , Ү. Гансүх , Б. Идэрбаяр
Published: March 2023

Iron Oxide Apatite and Iron Oxide Copper Gold deposits generally consist of Fe and Cu-Au ore, and some deposits occasionally are recognized P, REE, Co, Ag and U. IOCG deposits are divided into magnetite and hematite subtypes by general ore mineral. Magnetite type IOCG has Na-Ca or, Na and potassic alteration zones, ore bodies are breccia and veins in shapes, ore-forming fluid was δ18O light supplied by magmatic and metamorphic waters. Hematite IOCG has a little potassic alteration zone, and ore bodies are formed breccia and lens in shapes in sericitic-chloritic alteration zone. Ore-forming fluid was δ18O heavy supplied by magma with a significant contribution of meteoric water. Banded Iron Formation is divided into Algoma, Superior and Rapitan sub types. The Algoma type BIF has δ18O of primary silica changed from +8‰ to +20‰ at temperatures below 100°C during diagenesis, indicating that although O isotope exchange occurs during diagenesis, low concentrations of rare earth and trace elements in siliceous shale do not change in ocean water-derived fluids. The Rapitan type, when the Earth’s oceans were almost completely covered by ice and cut off from the atmosphere, the ferruginous quartzite was deposited in the water at a time when the oceans were re-oxygenated. Prominent deposits of superior-type ferruginous quartzite occur in Paleoproterozoic sedimentary basins or in shallow-water sedimentary rocks of the continental shelf (Dartsagt, Ereen). Iron skarn deposits are divided into calcic, magnesian, and scapolite (albite) by their general chemical composition. Calcic iron skarn is developed at contact of carbonate bearing rocks and basic intrusion, and ore consists of magnetite, chalcopyrite, cobaltite, and pyrrhotite. Host rocks of magnesian iron skarn are typically dolomite, or limestone, quartzite, and schist associated with dolomitic. Ore minerals are recognized as magnetite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, sphalerite, arsenopyrite, and pyrrhotite in these type deposits (Bargilt). Host rocks are andesite, tuff, limestone, argillite at the scapolite (albite) iron skarn, then magnetite, hematite, pyrite, marcasite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, pyrrhotite, and arsenopyrite are ore minerals.
Ion guide simulation for GALS setup
Authors: Zemlyanoy Sergey , Zuzaan Batsuren , Avvakumov K , Myshinsky G , Zhemenik V , Т Цэрэнсамбуу , Kudryavtsev Yu , Fedosseev V , Bark R
Published: March 2023

A new setup is under construction at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (FLNR), JINR, Dubna, to study heavy neutron-rich nuclei along a closed neutron shell N=126. One of the important parts of the setup is the ion guide system. From several ion guide options, a Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) ion guiding system was chosen. This special ion guiding system was developed and optimized using SIMION simulation software. Also, precise comparison with the alternative Sextupole ion guide (SPIG) system was performed. Along with ion guide simulation, modernization of reference cell was completed and it is ready for offline experiments to find optimal laser ionization scheme.
LiYF4 болон Pr:LiYF4 нэгдлүүдийг гарган авах, оптик шинж чанарын судалгаа
Authors: Пүрэвсүрэн Батцэнгүүн , Норовсамбуу Төвжаргал , Лили Денг , Намсрай Цогбадрах , Жав Даваасамбуу
Published: March 2023

Бид энэхүү судалгааны ажлаар хүрээлэн буй орчинд ээлтэй горимоор, хатуу төлөвийн урвалын арга ашиглан LiYF4болон газрын ховор элемент Pr3+ ионоор хольцлосон Pr:LiYF4 нэгдлүүд гарган авсан болон үзэгдэх гэрлийн мужидцацаргалт хийх Pr:LiYF4 нэгдлийн оптик шинж чанарыг судалсан үр дүнг танилцуулж байна. Рентген дифракц болон оптик шингээлтийн хэмжилтийн үр дүнгээс эдгээр дээжүүдийг амжилттай гарган авсан болох нь харагдаж байна. Pr:LiYF4-ийн оптик шингээлт болон цацаргалтын спектрийн хэмжилтээс энэхүү материал нь үзэгдэх гэрлийн янз бүрийн долгионы уртын мужид цацаргалт хийх боломжтой материал болохыг үзүүлэв.
Кулоны нэг компонентот плазмын термодинамик хэмжигдэхүүнүүд
Authors: Tsednee Tsogbayar , Tsednee Banzragch , Khinayat Tsookhuu
Published: March 2023

Орнстейн-Зерникийн интеграл тэгшитгэлийн онолыг нэг-компонентот классик плазмын хувьд хэрэглэв. Гиперхолбоост хэлхээ ойролцоололд системийн даралт, бөөмийн дотоод энерги, илүүдэл чөлөөт энерги болон химийн потенциалыг плазмын холбоосын параметр Γ = 1 − 170 үед тооцоолов. Даралт, илүүдэл чөлөөт энерги, химийн потенциалыг корреляцын функцээр аналитик илэрхийлж тооцоог хийв. Эдгээр болон өөр илэрхийлэлүүдээр тооцоолсон үр дүнгээ Монте-Карло үр дүнтэй харьцуулав. Түүнчлэн Кулоны плазмын шингэн-хатуу төлөвийн фазын шилжилтийг авч үзлээ.
MODELLING THE MULTITEAM PREY–PREDATOR DYNAMICS USING THE DELAY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
Authors: Raj Shiv , kumar Pankaj
Published: March 2023

In nature, many species form teams and move in herds from one place to another. This helps them in reducing the risk of predation. Time delay caused by the age structure, maturation period, and feeding time is a major factor in real-time prey–predator dynamics that result in periodic solutions and the bifurcation phenomenon. This study analysed the behaviour of teamed-up prey populations against predation by using a mathematical model. The following variables were considered: the prey population Pr1, the prey population Pr2, and the predator population Pr3. The interior equilibrium point was calculated. A local satiability analysis was performed to ensure a feasible interior equilibrium. The effect of the delay parameter on the dynamics was examined. A Hopf bifurcation was noted when the delay parameter crossed the critical value. Direction analysis was performed using the centre manifold theorem. The graphs of analytical results were plotted using MATLAB.
SMART FARMING USING A SOLAR POWERED AQUAPONICS SYSTEM FOR A SUSTAINABLE FOOD PRODUCTION
Authors: Zainal Alam Muhd Nazrul Hisham , Kamaruddin Mohd Johari , Samsudin Sani Amril , Othman Raudhah , Mohammad Radzi Nur Hanis , Emmanuel Abioye Abiodun , Zainal Abidin Mohamad Shukri
Published: March 2023

This paper discusses the prospect of utilization of solar energy for aquaponics operation. Aquaponic is a platform for farmers to simultaneously grow fish and plants in a same unit. It is sustainable and produces little waste. The need of pumps for continuous water recirculation and air supply within the system could be a hindrance in the aquaponics operation especially if the unit is nowhere near any power outlet. It is indeed a visible solution as Malaysia located at equator and receives average sunlight ~9 hours a day throughout the year with solar intensity as high as 1800-1900 kWh/m2. The work presents detail equipment for establishment of suitable solar PV system for aquaponics operation and reviews utilities of aquaponics platform that can be supported using solar energy. Possible integration of Internet-of-Things (IoT) for remote monitoring of such solar operated aquaponics unit is also discussed. Analysis showed that even when operated with full energy supply for only 12 hours, the yield and growth rates of the crop and fish grown in the system powered remains unaffected. This signified the potential for the use of solar energy as alternative energy for operation of the aquaponics unit. The main advantage perhaps is the realization of aquaponics setup in remote area where electricity is not accessible. Installation cost may be relatively high (100W PV system could cost nearly RM 600 for installation) but for a long run, it is highly beneficial as utility cost and cost for installing the national grid can be significantly reduced. Summarizing, the project introduced the concept of smart farming via aquaponics for a sustainable production of crop and fish using a renewable and clean solar energy for its operation.
Potential of the region of creation Ocaña a tourist cluster
Authors: Pacheco Carrascal Marilce , Navarro Claro Genny Torcoroma
Published: March 2023

La ciudad de Ocaña, junto con los municipios de La Playa, Ábrego y El Carmen, ubicados en el departamento Norte de Santander, Colombia,  poseen gran riqueza cultural, histórica y natural, que permiten proyectar esta región como destino turístico; pero en la actualidad la cultura que prevalece en torno a las actividades económicas se centra en el comercio; el turismo es una actividad que en los empresarios no se ve con claridad y pocos le han apostado a desarrollar proyectos en este sentido.

 Luego de realizado un inventario, se encontró que hay suficientes atractivos, pero se debe organizar el sistema empresarial para que el sector del turismo pueda potencializarse y desarrollar actividades de manera sostenible y responsable; por ello entidades como la Cámara de Comercio de Ocaña, la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña, el Sena, la Alcaldía municipal, la empresa privada y otras instituciones del orden local y nacional, deben diseñar proyectos que propendan por el mejoramiento del tejido empresarial  que de manera eficiente y competitiva le apunten al desarrollo de este sector.
La lucha entre china e india en el bloque BRICS por un nuevo liderazgo mundial
Authors: Pacheco Pedroza Volmar Andrés
Published: March 2023

China e India se han conformado como dos Estados protagonistas para el desarrollo económico y financiero internacional, con la apertura de mercados y la inmersión en una economía separada de su proceso político.

La configuración del actual escenario internacional ha conllevado a que nuevos países adquieran un protagonismo que los identifique como actores en las decisiones y disposiciones que las denominadas potenciales mundiales quieren efectuar unilateralmente y sin fundamentación estructural alguna.

China e India en este contexto han evidenciado una caracterización de las llamadas naciones emergentes que con nuevas competencias y atribuciones desean competir por el liderazgo en la geopolítica y geoestrategia internacional.

A través de la formulación de una problemática y una hipótesis y fundamentado en el método de investigación cartesiano, con argumentos a favor y en contra que pongan en tela de juicio la evidencia empírica del problema, el presente artículo intenta dar respuesta a la cuestión de si China e India a través del bloque BRICS desean competir por un nuevo y reestructurado liderazgo mundial.
The investment decision of millennial generation: An analysis using financial literacy and financial behavior
Authors: Usriyono Eko , Wahyudi Sugeng
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the factor of financial behavior that affects the millennial generation’s individual investment decisions in Indonesia moderated by financial literacy. Four human behaviors, overconfidence, herding factor, trait anger, and trait anxiety, have been investigated using a sample of 100 respondents. The results of this study show a significant and positive influence on the variable of overconfidence, trait anger, and trait anxiety against investment decisions. In contrast, the herding variable does not have a significant effect but a positive value on the investment decision. The study results will add insight to investors about the investment decision process for the millennial generation in Indonesia. As a practical implication, it needs to conduct training programs, workshops, and seminars that create awareness, recognize financial behavior, overcome economic activity bias, and improve financial literacy (Atkinson & Messy, 2011; Bucher-Koenen et al., 2016). It recommends that investors ask the investment advisor, fund manager, and financial planner to make investment planning following the financial goals, risk profile, and profit that is expected to achieve economic well-being finally.
The openness of corporate law in supervising commodity futures trading in emerging markets
Authors: Fahmi Fahmi
Published: March 2023

Regulations regarding the prohibition of giving full power of attorney from customers to brokers still cannot be fully implemented by stock futures brokerage companies in emerging economies. This then becomes a problem for brokerage firms in the future. The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal protection of cryptocurrency investors reviewed based on Indonesia’s Commodity Futures Trading Authority Regulation No. 5 of 2019 and analyze the legal remedies taken in the event of a dispute over cryptocurrency investment. This research is sociological legal research and uses a positive law enforcement approach to the community. The results highlighted when the customer agrees to transact in futures trading through the facilities provided by the brokerage company, the customer must follow the procedure set by Commodity Futures Trading Authority (CoFTRA) or Badan Pengawas Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi (BAPPEBTI), where the customer must fill out an agreement book whose contents are also regulated in CoFTRA Regulation No. 8 of 2019 concerning Technical Provisions for Futures Trading and Futures Broker Behavior.
Free of lesions but not healthy -- The skin of patients with atopic dermatitis is primed for itch and inflammation.
Authors: Moon Seo-Yeon , Stasikowska-Kanicka Olga , Wągrowska-Danilewicz Małgorzata , Hawro Marlena , Metz Martin , Maurer Marcus , Hawro Tomasz
Published: March 2023

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly prevalent
inflammatory skin disorder characterized by episodic exacerbations and
remissions. Why the clinically healthy skin of AD patients becomes
rapidly inflamed and very pruritic, is poorly understood.
Methods: Patients with AD, psoriasis, and chronic spontaneous
urticaria (CSU) as well as healthy control subjects (n = 20 each) were
assessed for differences in itch parameters, neurogenic flare reaction,
and local blood flow responses to skin provocations with cowhage and
histamine. Skin biopsies were obtained to assess expression of
protease-activated receptors 2 and 4 (PAR-2, PAR-4), histamine H1 and H4
receptors (H1R, H4R), and mast cells. Results: Provocation of
non-lesional skin of AD patients with cowhage resulted in prolonged itch
(P = 0.020), which was not observed in psoriasis and CSU. Significantly
prolonged and more intense cowhage- and histamine-induced itch (for
duration, peak, and overall intensity) was also observed in lesional AD
skin. Diminished neurogenic flare reaction and blood flow after
histamine provocation were shown in AD and psoriasis patients.
Non-lesional AD skin along with lesional AD and psoriasis skin showed an
increased expression of PAR-2 and PAR-4, H1R and H4R. Mast cell number
was higher in lesional AD and psoriasis skin (P = 0.006 and P = 0.006,
respectively). Conclusion: The non-lesional skin of AD patients
markedly differs from healthy skin in cowhage-induced itch responses and
the expression of receptors for proteases and histamine. Proactive
therapeutic interventions that downregulate these receptors may prevent
episodic exacerbation in AD.
Effect of channel bed sediment on the transport behaviour of superparamagnetic silica encapsulated DNA microparticles in open channel injection experiments
Authors: Tang Yuchen , Rhijn Fay van , Abdelrady Ahmed , Foppen J.W. , Bogaard Thom
Published: March 2023

Recently, superparamagnetic silica encapsulated DNA microparticles
(SiDNAFe) were designed and in various experiments used as a
hydrological tracer. We investigated the effect of bed characteristics
on the transport behaviour and especially the mass loss of SiDNAFe in
open channel injection experiments. Hereto, a series of laboratory
injection experiments were conducted with four channel bed conditions
(no sediment, fine river sediment, coarse sand, and goethite-coated
coarse sand) and two water qualities (tap water and Meuse water).
Breakthrough curves (BTCs) were analysed and modelled. Mass loss of
SiDNAFe was accounted for as a first-order decay process included in a
1-D advection and dispersion model with transient storage (OTIS).
SiDNAFe BTCs could be adequately described by advection and dispersion
with or without a first-order decay process. Mass loss of SiDNAFe
increased as a function of the surface roughness of the beds. Retention
of SiDNAFe due to surface roughness was 1-2 orders of magnitude greater
than gravitational settling rates, as determined in Tang et al. (2022).
We speculate this was due to boundary layer kinetic attachment. The
dispersive behaviour of SiDNAFe generally mimicked that of NaCl tracer,
although SiDNAFe traveled faster on average due to a smaller effective
cross-sectional area. No pattern was observed between SiDNAFe mass
recovery and water qualities used. DNA concentration data uncertainty
was mostly associated with lower SiDNAFe concentrations in the BTCs.
This research highlights that riverbeds are important sinks, and the
surface roughness affects the fate and transport characteristics of
SiDNAFe when in proximity to the water-sediment interface. SiDNAFe
possess promising potential as a surrogate for multi-tracing
micro-contaminants (e.g., microplastics) in large rivers, which could be
a promising tool for enhancing understanding of hydrological processes.
Formal specification and verification of a team formation protocol using TLA
Authors: Niyogi Rajdeep , Nath Amar
Published: March 2023

Team formation in an environment where some relevant parameters are not
known in advance is a challenging problem. Communicating automata and
distributed algorithms have been used to describe protocols for team
formation. A high-level specification provides a mathematical
description of a protocol or a program. TLA is a
formal specification language designed to provide high-level
specifications of concurrent and distributed systems. The associated
model checker known as TLC is capable of model checking the TLA
specifications. Recently formal specification of a
team formation protocol is given using TLA when
there is a single initiator (an agent or a robot), that initiates the
team formation. Using TLA , we examine the formal
specification for the multiple initiator situation and demonstrate that
a composition technique can yield a single monolithic specification for
the multiple initiator situation from the single initiator situation
specification. We have used models of varying sizes, and the TLC model
checker has confirmed that the protocol’s specifications meet certain
desired characteristics in each case.
Nonlinear Adaptive Robust Control with Stiffness Regulation for an Electropneumatic Position Servo System
Authors: Wei Qiong , Lu Hao , Wu Zilong , Ke Ding , Zhou Yue
Published: March 2023

This paper proposes a Nonlinear Adaptive Robust Control method that
cooperates with Stiffness Regulating (NARCSR). The proposed approach
utilizes an Independent Metering Valve (IMV) control structure and a
real-time stiffness regulation strategy to minimize energy dissipation,
maintain flow characteristics in the linear region, and prevent high
gain and chattering. Additionally, the Nonlinear Adaptive Robust Control
(NARC) technique is developed to handle parametric uncertainties and
uncertain nonlinearities, enhancing the system’s robustness and
adaptability. The novel NARC algorithm is demonstrated, coordinated with
stiffness regulation based on the IMV structure. Simulation and
experimental results confirm that the proposed algorithm ensures the
system operates within the linear region of flow characteristics,
resulting in lower energy consumption and improved dynamic performance
of the system.