bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning approaches adopted by Indian medical students during distance learning
Authors: Bhuria Mukul , Mangalesh Sridhar , Dudani Sharmila , Malik Ajay
Published: August 2021

CONTEXT:

Student approaches to learning are a significant determinant of success in the medical profession.

AIM:

This study assesses the study processes utilized by undergraduates in a medical college in North India.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

Cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study.

METHODOLOGY:

The study process questionnaire by Biggs et al. was adapted to Google forms and administered to 313 medical students. Individual domain scores assessing deep-motive, deep-strategy, surface-motive, and surface-strategy approaches were obtained. Other variables measured included gender, year of training, whether the student found online distance learning useful, and students' perceptions of their academic performance compared to their peers.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:

The association between the categorical variables was assessed using a Chi-square test. The continuous measures were compared using a t-test or Mann–Whitney U-test. One-way ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis test was applied for multiple groups.

RESULTS:

Deep approach to learning was the most popular overall (66.1%). Females significantly favored deep approaches compared to males. There was no association between the year of training and the study process. The deep approach was associated with better academic performance. Online learning was significantly favored by females, students with a deep learning approach, and better academic performance.

CONCLUSIONS:

Gender and academic performance are associated with the study process adopted by medical students. An understanding of the learning methods used by students is helpful in training well-rounded health-care professionals.
Red blood cell distribution width - A novel marker of inflammation and predictor of complications and outcomes among surgically managed patients
Authors: Khedar Mukesh , Sharma Dharamanjai Kumar , Ola Vijay
Published: August 2021

Background:

Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is considered a marker of chronic inflammation and a predictor of poor outcome in seriously ill patients. This study is aimed to recognize RDW as a marker of inflammatory pathology and as a predictor of various postoperative complications and outcomes in terms of mortality.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective study of all surgical patients retrieved from our prospectively collected database. RDW was studied as a marker of inflammatory pathology and as a predictor of various postoperative complications and outcomes in terms of mortality.

Results:

We analyzed 146 (99 males and 47 females) patients who were managed surgically for their presenting diseases. The mean age of presentation was 42.7 + 17.9 years. RDW was considered high when it was above 16%. RDW was observed to be high in 57 of 146 patients (39%). A significant correlation was found between elevated RDW and underlying inflammatory pathology (P < 0.001), development of postoperative complications (P < 0.001), and 30-days mortality (P = 0.0023, Negative Predictive Value = 93.3%). High RDW and preexisting inflammatory pathology were found in strong association with postoperative complications.

Conclusion:

RDW was analyzed as a marker of inflammation and for its predictive accuracy of postoperative complications and mortality. We found statistically significant correlation between elevated RDW (>16%) and postoperative complications and 30-day mortality. Strong correlation was also found between increased RDW and existing inflammatory pathology. RDW could be a useful indicator of chronic health state and practical addition to existing risk stratification strategy and decision-making process.
Clinical outcome and multifidus muscle changes of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Chen Kuan-Yu , Tseng Kuan-Yin , Hueng Dueng-Yuan , Chang Ti-Sheng , Pang Cheng-Yoong
Published: August 2021

Background:

Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) has shown to have smaller skin incision, decreased muscular dissection, and less retraction of the thecal sac, compared to conventional open approach. However, its effects on long term functional outcome and degenerative changes of paraspinal muscles are still obscure.

Materials and Methods:

We studied 81 patients treated by one team of surgeons at a single institution. In the two level spinal fusion, 18 patients underwent conventional TLIF (C TLIF) and 20 patients underwent MIS TLIF. In three level spinal fusion, 23 patients were treated with C TLIF and 20 patients were treated with MIS TLIF. Clinical outcomes included mean operative times, volume of blood loss, percentage of early ambulation, visual analog scale (VAS), and oswestry disability index (ODI) were analyzed. The change of multifidus muscle was calculated from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) taken before and 6-month after the operation.

Results:

Lesser blood loss was noted in the MIS TLIF group compared to the conventional group in two- or three-level circumferential spinal fusion. Early ambulation (within 3 days after operation) was found in the MIS TLIF groups. Analysis of VAS scores at leg area showed no significant differences in improvement between each group at 18 month follow up. The postoperative ODI score was significantly less in the MIS TLIF groups than in the C TLIF groups after 6 month follow up. In three segment spinal fusion, MIS TLIF minimized multifidus muscle atrophy, when compared with C TLIF.

Conclusion:

MIS TLIF in three level lumbar fusion not only has a better functional recovery but also ameliorates the degenerative change of multifidus muscle.
Nasoseptal flap revision in endoscopic endonasal odontoidectomy for acute atlantoaxial osteomyelitis with atlantoaxial subluxation
Authors: Tang Chien-Lun , Shen Chiung-Chyi
Published: August 2021

Vertebral osteomyelitis compromises approximately 1%–7% of all cases of osteomyelitis, whereas the cervical region is affected in 3%–10% of all cases. Not surprisingly, osteomyelitis at the craniocervical junction is a rare occurrence that poses certain challenge to surgeons. With the advancement of antibiotics, most patients with vertebral osteomyelitis can be successfully treated by conservative treatment. However, surgical intervention is indicated in cases presented with neurological deficits, spinal deformity, or instability. We present one case of retropharyngeal abscess involving the craniocervical junction that led to irreducible atlantoaxial rotatory dislocation and significant ventral cord compression. Staged procedures with endoscopic endonasal odontoidectomy assisted by nasoseptal flap reconstruction for decompression and posterior occipitocervical fusion were arranged in sequence. Nevertheless, postoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed incomplete decompression at C2 level of the cervical spine. Prompt revision surgery with nasoseptal flap takedown and reuse performed uneventfully. The patient recovered well and was able to ambulate 5 weeks later. This case illustrated long-term radionecrosis complicated with osteomyelitis and craniocervical instability. An aggressive surgical decompression followed by staged spinal fusion would be beneficial in such complex osteomyelitis cases.
Delayed perforation of the trachea following total thyroidectomy
Authors: Pillai Anoop Vasudevan , Raja Suyambu M , Vedamani Vignesh Ganesan , Ramachandran Riju
Published: August 2021

In this modern era, refinement of operative procedures and advanced instrumentation have made total thyroidectomy for benign and malignant diseases of the thyroid gland a safe procedure. Delayed tracheal perforation after thyroidectomy is a rare complication with very few cases reported. We present a case of a 47-year-old female with a delayed perforation in the trachea following thyroidectomy. Computerized tomogram demonstrated the defect in the trachea. Emergency exploration and closure of the rent in the trachea with a muscle patch, along with tracheostomy was done for the condition.
Risk factors in delayed postoperative hematuria after transurethral prostatectomy
Authors: Tsao Shu-Han , Lin Kuo-Jen , Chu Sheng-Hsien , Hsieh Ming-Li , Wang Hsu-Han
Published: August 2021

Background:

We aim to find out the risk factors of delayed postoperative hematuria and the role of preliminary antibiotic treatment in patients receiving transurethral resection of prostate or laser prostatectomy.

Materials and Methods:

The study consisted of 713 patients undergoing surgical intervention for benign prostatic hyperplasia at a single medical center from January 2016 to December 2016. Severe delayed postoperative hematuria was defined as hematuria requiring an emergency department visit or a surgical intervention within 30 days after operation. Variables of interest included age, body mass index, preoperative status of urinary catheter, prostate volume, preoperative diagnosis of pyuria, preliminary antibiotic treatment, duration of operation, type of operation, and use of antiplatelet agents or 5 alpha reductase inhibitors.

Results:

Six hundred and twenty-three of the 713 patients had available data of preoperative transrectal ultrasonography a year before their operation. Delayed postoperative hematuria occurred in 41 patients within 30 days after operation. No statistical significance was found between the different types of operation. Multivariate analysis revealed that the odds of delayed postoperative hematuria increased with preoperative serum prothrombin time (PT) (odds ratio [OR] 1.49, 1.03–1.87), serum white blood cell (WBC) count (OR 1.26 1.05–1.50), serum creatinine (OR 1.59, 1.01–2.50); decreased with preliminary antibiotic treatment (OR 0.26 0.09–0.77).

Conclusion:

Higher preoperative serum PT, WBC count, and creatinine were associated with higher risk of delayed postoperative hematuria, while preliminary antibiotic treatment was associated with lower risk of delayed postoperative hematuria.
Expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase in uveal melanoma
Authors: Coblentz Jacqueline , Dias Ana Beatriz , Mansure Jose João , Burnier Miguel Noel
Published: August 2021

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) in uveal melanoma (UM) to evaluate its potential utility as a therapeutic target.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 80 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded enucleated eyes of UM patients, as well as 11 eyes and 11 pulmonary metastases from a rabbit model of human UM, were collected. All samples were stained for ALK using a fully automated immunohistochemical procedure. Human UM cases were classified according to cell type in spindle or epithelioid. Differences in ALK positivity according to cell type were determined using Pearson's Chi-square test.

Results:

In human UM specimens, ALK was positive in 2 of 39 spindle cell type cases (2.5%) and in 13 of 41 (16.25%) epithelioid cell type cases. The difference in ALK expression between cell types was statistically significant (P = 0.002). In the animal model of human UM cells, all cases (100%) were positive for ALK in both ocular and pulmonary lesions.

Conclusion:

ALK is expressed in a small proportion of UM, with statistically significant more expression in the more aggressive epithelioid cell type. Furthermore, when ocular tumors and corresponding lung metastasis from a highly metastatic animal model of UM were examined, ALK was positive in all samples. Collectively, our data suggest that ALK expression may be associated with more aggressive tumors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the potential of ALK as a therapeutic target in human UM, particularly in aggressive tumors.
Leukocoria from myelinated nerve fibers and retinoblastoma
Authors: Warda Omar , Lemaitre Stephanie , Anguita Rodrigo , Sagoo Mandeep S. , Reddy M. Ashwin
Published: August 2021

We report the clinical findings and imaging in an 11-month-old male referred to the pediatric ocular oncology service for leukocoria. The diagnosis of concomitant myelinated nerve fibers and retinoblastoma group O/C was established. In this case, the association of these two conditions led to early diagnosis of retinoblastoma with successful treatment and good visual outcome.
Contact lens fitting in nonamblyopigenic anisometropia secondary to monocular aphakia caused by ocular trauma
Authors: Neves Gustavo Lustosa , Sobrinho Marcelo Vicente de Andrade
Published: August 2021

Anisometropia is characterized by difference between the refractive errors of the eyes and can be classified into refractive and axial. Aniseikonia is one of the possible consequences of anisometropias. As a general rule, aniseikonia tends to be less significant when we correct axial anisometropias with spectacles and refractive anisometropias with contact lens. One of the possible causes of refractive anisometropias is aphakia, which can be a result of ocular trauma. Amblyopia is a visual neurological disorder characterized by inadequate consolidation of visual acuity, due to insufficient visual stimulation. We present a case of contact lens fitting in a patient with significant difference in axial length between the eyes, but without the corresponding anisometropia, since the patient became aphakic after blunt trauma during childhood affecting the eye with the longest axial length, and probably as a consequence of the aphakia, she did not become amblyopic.
Exploiting Machine Learning Algorithms to Diagnose Foot Ulcers in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Shankar Reddy Shiva , Mahesh Gadiraju , Preethi N. Meghana
Published: August 2021

INTRODUCTION: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a complication of diabetes that affects most of the diabetic patients. It will cause open wounds on the foot. Untreated DFU will lead to amputation and infection, which results in removal of foot or leg. As diabetes is the major health problem faced by people of all age groups, identifying foot ulcers at an early stage is essential. In this context, an efficient model to predict the foot ulcer accurately was proposed in this work.OBJECTIVES: To predict DFU using an effective neural network algorithm on a suitable dataset that consists of risk factors and clinical outcomes of the disease.METHODS: In recent days, ML techniques are most commonly used for predicting various diseases. To achieve the objectives a neural network technique, namely extreme learning machine (ELM) is proposed to predict DFU accurately. In addition, three existing algorithms, namely KNN, SVM with Gaussian kernel and ANN are also considered. These are implemented in R programming.RESULTS: Algorithms compared in terms of five evaluation metrics accuracy, zero-one loss, threat score/critical success index (TS/CSI), false omission rate (FOR) and false discovery rate (FDR). The values of accuracy, 0-1 loss, TS/CSI, FOR and FDR obtained for ELM are 96.15%, 0.0385, 0.95, 0 and 0.05 respectively.CONCLUSION: After comparison, it was discovered that ELM had outperformed other algorithms in terms of all the metrics. Thus, it was recommended to use ELM over other algorithms while predicting diabetic foot ulcers.
Latinska res publica litterarum pod avspiciji božanskega Homerja
Authors: Marinčič Marko
Published: August 2021

Enij je v uvodnem prizoru svojih Analov opisal sanjsko vizijo, v kareri ga je Homer proglasil za svojo reinkarnacijo. Ker je pesnitev verzificirana rimska zgodovina, je simbolno sporočilo Enijeve pretenciozne domislice očitno povezano z imperialistično politiko rimske države v Sredozemlju v prvi polovici 2. stoletja pr. Kr. Enij je svojo literarno ambicijo povezal z razvojem Rima v svetovno velesilo in latinščine v kulturno relevanten mednarodni jezik. Petrarka je po Eniju povzel topos Homerja kot duhovnega vodnika latinskih pesnikov, ki si lastijo »imperialno« poslanstvo, in upodobil Enija kot literarni lik, ki si na prizorišču vojne zoper Hanibala izmisli svoje srečanje s Homerjem; ta mu prerokuje Petrarkovo Afriko in novo ero latinske literature. Članek opredeli Petrarkov prispevek k reinvenciji latinske zgodovinske epike kot glasnice političnega in literarnega imperializma, nato pa se posveti dvema zanimivima točkama v poznejši usodi toposa: Andreasu Divusu, avtorju prvega tiskanega prevoda homerskih pesnitev, in Ezri Poundu, ki je v Divusu prepoznal enega od praočetov pesniškega modernizma ante litteram.
A Consumer-Oriented Car Style Evaluation System Based on Fuzzy Mathematics and Neural Network
Authors: Hou Wenhui , Niu Caiwen
Published: August 2021

As an important link in product development, car style evaluation could ensure the quality of car style design, making the design more efficient, laying the foundation for production planners, production managers, and investment decision-makers in automobile manufacturing. The consumer-centered evaluation should accurately reflect the psychological cognition and subjective feelings of consumers. However, the current studies have not provided a unified evaluation standard, nor fully utilized the massive data on the evaluations made by consumers. Considering in advantages of fuzzy mathematics and neural network in processing massive data on consumer evaluations, this paper designs a consumer-oriented car style evaluation system based on these two techniques. Firstly, a scientific evaluation index system was designed for consumer-oriented car style evaluation, the index scores were classified into different levels, and a judgment matrix was constructed for indices on each layer and subject to consistency check. Next, absolute weights were assigned to alternatives, and the corresponding fuzzy membership functions were determined, producing a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) model based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (AHP-FCE model) for car style evaluation. Furthermore, car styles were categorized by appearance structure, and the car style samples were parametrized for evaluation. Finally, particle swarm optimization (PSO) was improved, and then combined with backpropagation neural network (BPNN) into a classification model for consumer-oriented car style evaluation. The proposed consumer-oriented car style evaluation model was proved effective and superior through experiments. The results offer a reference for the application of the model in other evaluation scenarios
PRECISION AND DIGITAL AGRICULTURE: PERSPECTIVES AND CHALLENGES FOR FARMERS IN THE STATE OF PARANÁ
Authors:   Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Guarapuava, PR, Brasil., Kolling Caio Ericles , Rampim Leandro ,   Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Guarapuava, PR, Brasil.
Published: August 2021

“Big data”, Internet of things, “Agri4.0”, digital twin, robotics and several other concepts tend to materialize in rural areas and become tools in agricultural management involving Precision and Digital Agriculture. The objective is evaluating perspectives and challenges of the use of precision and digital agriculture in the managements adopted in commercial crops in the state of Paraná, Brazil. To this end, sixty rural producers around the state were interviewed through a questionnaire to understand the technological reality. Many rural producers in Paraná already have smartphones and internet access, but with a lack of knowledge in basic concepts about Digital Agriculture, and with a reduced number of those who already use Precision Agriculture. Many believe that it is possible to improve property management and agricultural management with Digital Agriculture, and only a few already use a digital agriculture platform. However, there are still many challenges to be overcome by the public and private sector, such as quality mobile telephony, compatible machines and specialized technical assistance.
BİR BELEDİYEDE STRATEJİK PLANLAMANIN ÖNCELİKLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: GÖKÇEN Onur , KARAKUŞ Ayça , BENLİ Emine Esin , ALEGÖZ Mehmet
Published: August 2021

Belediyeler, mevcut kaynaklarını en etkin biçimde kullanmak, amaç ve hedeflerini daha sistematik bir biçimde ifade etmek ve yerel halkın ihtiyaçlarına en iyi şekilde cevap verebilmek amacıyla düzenli olarak stratejik planlar yaparlar. Bu çalışma, bir belediyenin hazırlamış olduğu stratejik planda yer alan hedeflere odaklanmakta ve bu hedeflerin önceliklendirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, iki aşamalı bir çözüm yaklaşımı öne sürülmüştür. İlk aşamada, bir yamuksal tip-2 bulanık AHP yaklaşımı kullanılarak hedeflerin ağırlıkları belirlenmiştir. İkinci aşamada ise, sınırlı bir bütçe altında belediyenin hangi hedefleri seçmesi gerektiğini belirleyen bir kesin çözüm yaklaşımı (matematiksel model) öne sürülmüştür. Öne sürülen modeller ve sayısal sonuçlar birçok çıkarımı beraberinde getirmiştir.
Framing in a Multicultural Social Movement
Authors: Rea Rodríguez Carlos Rafael
Published: August 2021

This article analyses the sustainability movement that opposed the construction of the Las Cruces hydroelectric project in the San Pedro River watershed in Nayarit, Mexico. It focuses on the movement’s theoretical framework and general orientation in order to show how the various and distinct frameworks that emerged throughout the evolution of the movement were selected, adjusted and creatively reworked within the movement. This allowed these frameworks to adapt to changing local social, cultural, and environ- mental conditions through a process that also enriched them and imbued them with new meanings through contact with the perspectives of coastal agricultural and fishing communities, as well as with indigenous Naayeri communities in the mountains.
Performances of Populist Radical Right and Political Masculinities
Authors: Sayan-Cengiz Feyda , Akyüz Selin
Published: August 2021

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in the study of populism, with increas- ing scholarly attention to the discursive, stylistic and performative aspects of different populisms. This study discusses the “discursive and stylistic turn”1 in populism studies and highlights the centrality of performances of masculinities to the populist reper- toire. Upon this framework, we explore the ways in which masculinities play out in shaping the discursive, stylistic and performative repertoires of European populist rad- ical right (PRR). The conceptualisation of political masculinities is used as an analyti- cal lens that helps us see the gendered structure of discourses and performances in two dissimilar cases of PRR leaders, namely Viktor Orbán, the Prime Minister of Hungary and Geert Wilders, the leader of the Party for Freedom (PVV) of the Netherlands. We employ a comparative perspective so as to identify how performances of masculinity work in radical right populisms of dissimilar historical trajectories in terms of the loca- tion of gender in culture. We focus on Orbán’s and Wilders’ narrations of themselves; of their understanding of ‘the people’ whom they claim to represent; and of their relation with ‘the people’. A re-reading of the use of narratives, metaphors, gestures, emotions through an analysis of the two leaders’ interviews, speeches, texts and media performances reveal their masculinist ‘brave bad boy’ performances, the ways they draw boundaries between ‘outsiders and insiders’, and the ways in which they claim to embody the people, and to be ‘men of the people’.
Perceived Motivational Factors Among Allied Health Managers and Subordinates
Authors: Dunbar Sandra
Published: August 2021

This exploratory study sought to assess the differences in perceptions among allied health managers and subordinates regarding motivation in the workplace due to a paucity of literature in this area. With an increased demand for higher productivity, an ever-changing health care system and managed care restrictions, it is also important to understand what may motivate individuals who are functioning within different work environments than in the past. The hygiene and motivator factors from Herzberg’s two factor theory created the independent variables which overlap with Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs descriptions. These included Basic (job security, salary etc.), Safety (work conditions, pension), Ego-Status (opportunity for status improvement), and Actualization-Self-Expression (opportunities for freedom and experimentation. Participants included a random and convenience sample of physical and occupational therapists. Data was collected using work motivation inventories. Results from the t-test and ANOVA procedures consistently showed no statistical differences among allied health managers and subordinates regarding their perceptions of what motivates the employee in the workplace. Motivator factor issues were identified as constraints to work motivation more than hygiene factors. The convenience sample identified Categories D and E more frequently as constraint categories (Sig. at.10 level). Clearly, additional research is needed in this area.
O conhecimento taxonômico na obra elementos de botânica geral e médica (1877), De joaquim monteiro caminhoá
Authors: Varela Alex Gonçalves , De Almeida Sharleny Pereira
Published: August 2021

Joaquim Monteiro Caminhoá (1836-1896) foi um dos mais atuantes cientistas do Império do Brasil. Contudo, sua trajetória enquanto estudioso da Botânica ainda não foi devidamente estudada, e as suas produções científicas ainda não foram analisadas criticamente de forma densa. Temos como objetivo analisar a obra Elementos de Botânica Geral e Médica, de autoria de Joaquim Monteiro Caminhoá, publicada em 1877, em particular o capítulo intitulado Taxonomia, que integra o volume número dois, e a sua contribuição para o processo de emergência e consolidação das ciências naturais no Império do Brasil.

Joaquim Monteiro Caminhoá (1836-1896) was one of the most active scientists of the Brazilian Empire. However, his trajectory as a Botany scholar has not yet been properly studied, and his scientific productions have not yet been critically analyzed in a dense manner. Our objective is to analyze the work Elements of General and Medical Botany, by Joaquim Monteiro Caminhoá, published in 1877, in particular the chapter entitled Taxonomy, which integrates volume number two, and its contribution to the process of emergence and consolidation of natural sciences in the Empire of Brazil.
Diagnóstico semiótico de un crucero peligroso en la Ciudad de México
Authors: Baltierra Santiago Osnaya
Published: August 2021

El presente trabajo emerge en el marco del Decenio para la Seguridad Vial (DSV) 2011-2020 propuesto por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (WHO, 2011). México fue uno de los países que se adhirió al programa, debido al alto número de siniestros de tránsito registrados anualmente. En el DSV se propone un plan de acciones para reducir el índice de accidentes viales en el mundo, las cuales están integradas en cuatro grupos (pilares) a saber, pilar uno “Gestión de la seguridad vial”, pilar dos “Vías de tránsito y movilidad más segura, pilar tres “Vehículos más seguros”, pilar cuatro “Usuarios de vías de tránsito más seguras” y pilar cinco “Respuestas tras los accidentes”. La investigación que aquí se ofrece, obedece al pilar dos, y de manera específica, al apartado de proyectos de investigación que permitan evaluar posibles mejoras en materia de seguridad dirigida a los usuarios más vulnerables en las vialidades. En este contexto, la indagación busca identificar desde un enfoque semiótico las causas que pueden ocasionar un accidente de tránsito en un crucero vial, en el que se observe una relación directa entre los dispositivos para el control de tránsito (señales) y los peatones. Con el fin de interpretar, comprender y explicar dicho fenómeno, para con ello proponer soluciones que mitiguen la problemática.

 

This work arises from the Decade for Road Safety (DSV) 2011-2020 proposed by the United Nations (WHO: 2011). Mexico was one of the countries where this program was introduced, because of the high number of traffic accidents recorded annually. The DOV proposes a plan of actions to reduce the global road accident rate, which are integrated into four groups (pillars), pillar one "Road safety management", pillar two "Safer roads and mobility", pillar three "Safer vehicles", pillar four "Safer road users" and pillar five "Post-crash responses". Thus, the research offered here, refers to pillar two, and more specifically, to the section on research projects in order to evaluate possible improvements in the area of safety for the most vulnerable road users. In this context, the research seeks to identify from a semiotic approach the causes that can lead to a traffic accident at a crossroads, in which a direct relationship between traffic control devices (signs) and pedestrians can be observed. In order to interpret, understand and explain this phenomenon and propose solutions to mitigate the problem.
CONCEPÇÕES DOCENTES SOBRE OS FATORES QUE INFLUENCIAM O DESENVOLVIMENTO DA ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NAS AULAS DE BIOLOGIA
Authors: ANDRADE MARIA JOSÉ DIAS DE , DURÉ RAVI CAJÚ , ABÍLIO FRANCISCO JOSÉ PEGADO
Published: August 2021

A PRESENTE PESQUISA TEVE COMO OBJETIVO INVESTIGAR AS CONCEPÇÕES DE PROFESSORES DE BIOLOGIA SOBRE OS FATORES QUE INFLUENCIAM O DESENVOLVIMENTO DA ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA (AC) EM SUAS AULAS. UTILIZAMOS A ABORDAGEM QUALITATIVA E O MÉTODO FENOMENOLÓGICO, RECORRENDO À SATURAÇÃO TEÓRICA PARA O FECHAMENTO DA AMOSTRA. REALIZAMOS ENTREVISTAS COM OITO PROFESSORES DE ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS DE JOÃO PESSOA, PARAÍBA. OS RESULTADOS APONTAM QUE AS PRÁTICAS DOCENTES RELACIONADAS À AC SÃO INFLUENCIADAS PELA MELHORIA NO APRENDIZADO DISCENTE; POR SUAS EXPERIÊNCIAS ANTERIORES COM PESQUISA CIENTÍFICA; E PELA INTENÇÃO DE ESTIMULAR O PENSAMENTO CIENTÍFICO E O INTERESSE DOS ALUNOS. DIANTE DISSO, É POSSÍVEL PERCEBER QUE AS CONCEPÇÕES DOCENTES DEMONSTRAM DIVERSAS POTENCIALIDADES, NO QUE DIZ RESPEITO À INTENÇÃO DE MELHORAR O APRENDIZADO E APROXIMAR OS ESTUDANTES DA CIÊNCIA, ELEMENTOS QUE APONTAM NA DIREÇÃO DE UMA FORMAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E CIDADÃ MAIS COMPROMETIDA COM A REALIDADE.
Aviation Safety in South Sudan
Authors:   School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia, Deng Ayiei Ayiei Garang
Published: August 2021

Africa contributes only 3.9% in air traffic, but records 19% of aviation accidents, in terms of fatalities. High accident rates are attributed to poor compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs). This study analyzed the prevalence of aircraft accidents in the youngest African country, South Sudan, which obtained independence in July 9, 2011. The quantitative study examined aviation accident databases to determine the number of aircraft accidents in South Sudan, the aircraft manufacturers and aircraft models, number of fatalities, and causes of accidents, categorized as pilot error, technical failure, air traffic control, or weather-related events. The accidents were collected from the Aviation Safety Network (ASN) database, which is maintained by the Flight Safety Foundation. A total of 83 accident cases were examined, with 32 satisfying the criteria of accidents covering the July 2011 to May 2021 period. The findings show that Antonov aircrafts account for a majority of the accidents (31.25%), followed by Cessna (21.88%) and LET (15.63%). The 32 aircrafts involved in the accidents were carrying 378 occupants, 72 occupants died, representing a fatality rate of 19.5%. Antonov (66.67%) and LET (27.7%) contributed the greatest fatalities. In terms of accident causes, technical failures (46.9%) and pilot errors (43.8%) were the most dominant causes. Weather-related conditions only contributed to 9.4% of all the cases investigated. These results show that South Sudan continues to suffer from poor aviation infrastructure, poor compliance to internationally recognized SARPs.
O USO DE GEOPORTAIS BASEADOS EM SIG DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19), COMO FERRAMENTA DE ACESSO ABERTO, DESTINADA AO CONTROLE E À TOMADA DE DECISÕES.
Authors: Serrano Rodrigo Otávio Peréa , Mesquita Anderson Azevedo , Araújo Manoela Costa de , Lúcio Fábio da Silva Lúcio , Xavier Gabriel Brandão , Vale Moreira José Genivaldo do Vale Moreira
Published: August 2021

Em dezembro de 2019, diversos casos de uma síndrome respiratória aguda grave foram relatados na província de Hubei, Wuhan, China, com rápida transmissão para outras partes da Ásia e do mundo. Essa doença é conhecida como Covid-19 e apresenta impacto socioeconômicos ainda incalculáveis. A atual capacidade de atualização das informações em tempo real ao redor do mundo, permitiu a espacialização dos casos da doença e avaliação do risco de contágio, permitido uma rápida resposta dos órgãos governamentais. Dessa forma, este artigo apresenta uma serie de plataformas, baseadas em sistemas de informações geográficas (SIG), destinados ao mapeamento da pandemia de coronavírus. Por fim, concluiu-se que os métodos de espacialização se tornaram essenciais para fomentar, planejar e tomar decisão, no combate a uma pandemia. Além disso, tais plataformas, popularizaram o acesso a informação, através do compartilhamento dinâmico da ocorrência do covid-19 pelo mundo.
Teacher Performance and Principal Leadership Patterns
Authors: Supriatna Ucup
Published: August 2021

The value of effective management in educational organizations is increasingly recognized by various stakeholders. The purpose of this study is to find out if the Head of Islamic Religious Education in Ketapang City uses an effective leadership pattern in managing his leadership. The findings of this study show that madrasah Aliyah level principals are effective leaders who understand how to be professional leaders. Professionally, this means that the head of Aliyah madrasa has established himself as an education leader and is committed to maintaining high standards at all times. In some cases, the head of Madrasah Aliyah falls into the category of master school leaders who are able to show quality in areas where others can place the principal. as a school leadership authority. The principal is not only good-looking, but also able to show an understanding of the concept of quality. However, no correlation was observed between the principal's leadership and student achievement levels. This indicates that the principal is an education leader with a professional or even a master's degree, but there is no relationship between leadership level and student learning achievement.
KEPEMIMPINAN LELAKI SASAK DALAM NOVEL LALU KARYA RANDA ANGGARISTA (KAJIAN KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL)
Authors: Nasrulloh Lalu , Hasanah Alif
Published: August 2021

Penelitian yang berjudul Kepemimpinan Lelaki Sasak dalam Novel “Lalu” Karya Randa Anggarista (Kajian Kepemimpinan Transformasional) ini membahas tentang isu yang tidak akan pernah bosan untuk diperbincangkan. Apalagi isu yang ada dalam penelitian ini merupakan suatu hal yang sangat layak untuk dimunculkan. Kajian tentang model atau gaya kepemimpinan lelaki Sasak dapat dikatakan cukup memberikan pandangan bagi semua orang yang ingin mengetahui ciri khas kepemimpinan orang Sasak. Dalam novel Lalu karya Randa Anggarista ini mengungkap persoalan demi persoalan yang timbul di setiap sisi kehidupan lelaki Sasak sebagai sosok pemimpin bagi keluarga dan masyarakat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analisis. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yaitu novel Lalu karya Randa Anggarista yang diterbitkan oleh penerbit Sanabil pada tahun 2020. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik baca dan catat. Sedangkan teknik analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan identifikasi, klasifikasi, interpretasi, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian dalam kepemimpinan lelaki Sasak dalam novel Lalu karya Randa Anggarista ini, seperti 1) memimpin dengan menyandarkan pengharapan kepada Tuhan. 2) memimpin dengan ketegasan. 3) memimpin dengan cara memberikan motivasi. 4) memimpin dengan nasihat. 5) pemimpin yang pekerja keras. 6) memimpin dengan adil dan bijak.
Disruptive Technologies for Efficient and Sustainable Smart Cities
Authors: Gade Dipak S.
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The most active and rapid development in today's world is happening in Smart cities. Smart Cities are changing very fast in every aspect, be it development, operations, and or maintenance points of view. Today's Smart Cities are aiming to be at an advanced stage of urbanization and fully exploiting digital infrastructure for rapid urban development. In order to make the cities better places to live and to offer more comfortable and enjoyable living for their residents, Smart Cities are using and employing various tools and technologies to make themselves smarter and more connected with their stakeholders using technology means. Industry 4.0, Digital Transformation, and various latest technologies such as 5G, Data Analytics, IoT, AI, and Machine Learning, Digital Twins, etc. are transforming and shaping up Smart Cities in never before style. In this paper, various such key technologies that are positively affecting Smart Cities are discussed at length. It is also highlighted in detail how these technologies are impacting Smart Cities development and operations. Finally, future research directions are also discussed in brief.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Extensive exploration of available literature with research papers, conference papers, white papers, online blogs, dedicated websites, etc. on the research area and interactions with field researchers, subject matter experts, industry professionals is carried out to collect, analyse and process the collected data to find out the facts. The resulted facts and findings about the latest technologies used in Smart Cities is presented in this research paper.
Findings/Result: After analysis of available literature and based on interactions with relevant stakeholders and based on own data analysis, it is identified that Smart City services are making use of various latest tools and technologies to solve their real-life challenges. Among vast list of technologies specifically IoT, Blockchain, Digital Twins, 5G, Contactless Technology, AI and ML are found the most significant and widely used technologies in Smart Cities development, operations, and maintenance activities.
Originality/Value: It is found that not many research papers are available on analysis of future technologies used in Smart Cities. The data presented in this paper is genuine and original and completely based on systematic literature review, interactions with SME, Researchers and Industry experts and based on own data analysis which produced new findings.
Paper Type: Technology oriented Research
DİJİTAL İLETİŞİM, DİJİTAL EŞİTSİZLİK VE YAŞLANMA: KOVİD-19 SÜRECİ İLE YAŞANAN DİJİTAL BÖLÜME VE UÇURUMLAR ÜZERİNE
Authors: BALAY TUNCER Berrin
Published: August 2021

Bu makale; Türkiye’de dijital eşitsizlik, iletişim teknolojiler ve yeni medya ekosisteminde yaşlıların dijital teknolojilerin kullanımına odaklanmaktadır. Aktif çalışma hayatında olan veya emeklilik hayatına henüz başlayan Ankara Çankaya bölgesinde yaşayan 65+ yaş, üst sosyo ekonomik seviyede kadınlarından oluşan örnekleme WhatsApp aracılığıyla anket gönderilerek elde edilen bilgilerin değerlendirilmesidir. Bu yaş grubunun pandemi sürecinde, sokağa çıkma yasaklarının başlamasıyla birlikte yaşamlarını sürdürme aracı haline gelen dijital iletişim araçlarına sahip olma, kullanma becerileri ve kullanma alanlarına odaklanıldı. Anket 5 Nisan-9 Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi. Dijital eşitsizliğe neden olan temel değişkenin yaş değil, eğitim ve gelir olduğu tespit edildi.
La formación del cirujano moderno revisitada
Authors: Guerra Zagarzazu Oswaldo R.
Published: August 2021

El progreso actual que ha alcanzado el mundo de la cirugía a nivel mundial desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, la inconmensurable cantidad de conocimiento científico, avances tecnológicos , innovaciones terapéuticas, revolución del conocimiento y de la informática, diseños novedosos en el armamentarium quirúrgico, etc., han hecho necesario e imperativo construir y configurar una novedosa plataforma intelectual para capacitar a las nuevas generaciones de especialistas en cirugía que permita abordar los programas de formación y certificación, de esta especialidad médica, dentro de una corriente universal de aplicabilidad de todos estos avances para manejar problemas quirúrgicos de complejidad creciente con un perfecto equilibrio de interactuar con una novedosa concepción teórica-práctica.
Tiempo e historia en la sociología de Gabriel Tarde
Authors: Sazbón Daniel
Published: August 2021

Desde hace varias décadas se asiste a una recuperación de la figura de Gabriel Tarde (1843-1904) que supone una valorización creciente de la importancia de quien fuera uno de los nombres más celebrados de la sociología francesa, así como importante penalista y criminólogo. En este trabajo nos detendremos en el modo en que en su sociología opera una forma particular de entender la temporalidad de la vida humana.

En lo que sigue intentaremos, por un lado, mostrar la presencia de dicha problemática en su producción, esbozando los aspectos más salientes de dicho tratamiento, y por otro lado contraponer tales rasgos a algunos presentes en la sociología durkheimiana, ubicando a ambas en el contexto más amplio de las transformaciones que atravesaba el tratamiento de la dimensión temporal tanto en la sociología como en la historia.
Tabular, evocar, recordar
Authors: Quintero Mächler Alejandro
Published: August 2021

El artículo examina las poco trabajadas Tablas de sangre (1843) del letrado argentino José Rivera Indarte, ejemplo único del deseo de refundación nacional a mediados del siglo xix hispanoamericano. Adoptando y ensanchando críticamente los aportes teóricos de Adriana Cavarero y Thomas Laqueur, el artículo propone leer las Tablas no solo como una interpretación precursora e influyente del rosismo, sino también como configuración escrituraria de una “nación argentina”, cuando esta aún no existía. Para ello se hace uso del concepto de “horrorismo”, que ilumina la descripción del régimen que ofrecen las Tablas, y se utilizan los de “necro-nominalismo” y “necro-geografía” para analizar su creación de una “nación victimizada”.
Raúl Prebisch y la vida cultural tucumana
Authors: Praxedes Darlan
Published: August 2021

Este artículo reconstruye el milieu familiar y social del economista Raúl Prebisch e investiga la formación cultural de excelencia que recibió en la próspera y cosmopolita provincia de Tucumán, donde nació y vivió hasta los 17 años. Los datos recogidos permiten concluir que el éxito de la carrera de Prebisch entre los años 1920 y 1940 en Buenos Aires no se explica satisfactoriamente si no se tiene en cuenta la activación de su origen patricio y el amplio horizonte intelectual que adquirió en las instituciones culturales de Tucumán. Al analizar la trayectoria de Prebisch desde otro punto de partida y otra mirada, el texto contribuye a la discusión aún abierta sobre las diferentes y controvertidas fases de la vida del economista.
Leandro Losada, Maquiavelo en la Argentina. Usos y lecturas, 1830-1940
Authors: Bustamante Kuschel Gonzalo
Published: August 2021

Leandro Losada, Maquiavelo en la Argentina. Usos y lecturas, 1830-1940, Buenos Aires, Katz Editores, 2019, 196 páginas
Victoria Ocampo, cronista outsider
Authors: Cormick Silvina
Published: August 2021

Victoria Ocampo, cronista outsider, Rosario/Buenos Aires, Beatriz Viterbo, 2019, 250 páginas
¿Vía del medio o callejón sin salida?
Authors: Mauro Diego
Published: August 2021

Izquierdas y derechas en el siglo XX argentino. Once intervenciones sobre la vida de las categorías
Apuntes sobre la izquierda cristiana y la secularización en la Argentina
Authors: Zanca José
Published: August 2021

Izquierdas y derechas en el siglo XX argentino. Once intervenciones sobre la vida de las categorías
Carlos Altamirano: los comienzos y la cadencia de las escrituras
Authors: Aguilar Gonzalo
Published: August 2021

Entré en la carrera de letras de la Universidad de Buenos Aires en 1983. Creo que no necesito explicar por qué ese fue un año tan especial. El retorno de la democracia también se vivía en las aulas y nosotros (estudiantes que habíamos entrado a la carrera por haber leído a Girondo o a Borges, en el mejor de los casos), asistíamos, sin mucha información, al retorno de los profesores que habían sido expulsados durante la dictadura: Noé Jitrik, Enrique Pezzoni, Ramón Alcalde, Beatriz Sarlo, Josefina Ludmer, Nicolás Rosa, David Viñas y muchos otros fueron los nombres que empezaron a sonar en esos años. A algunos los conocíamos por vagas referencias (recuerdo que a Viñas se lo podía ver en algún programa de televisión), a otros –en cambio– recién comenzábamos a descubrirlos. Como espectadores que entran a un cine y comienzan a percibir las siluetas poco a poco, así estábamos nosotros en ese momento. Cursábamos introducción a la literatura con Delfín Leocadio Garassa (todavía no se había armado la cátedra iniciática de Enrique Pezzoni), íbamos a las marchas y ya comenzábamos a consumir, caótica y desmesuradamente, la teoría, ese ídolo al que aprenderíamos a brindarle una reverencia casi religiosa y que aún al día de hoy sigue recogiendo nuevas víctimas sacrificiales.
Galvanic Interactions Between Fe Electrodes in CO2-Saturated Solutions with Different pH
Authors: Gonzalez Angeire Huggins , Frankel Gerald , Vera Jose , Durnie William , Woollam Richard
Published: August 2021

Localized CO2 corrosion is a very common problem in the oil and gas industry. Severe damage of the surface is attributed to the formation, and breakdown, of protective iron carbonate (FeCO3) scales. When the corrosion layer is compromised, the difference between the open-circuit potentials of the FeCO3-covered and noncovered regions present on the same metallic surface acts as the driving force for a galvanic interaction. Depending on the area ratio of the anodic and cathodic areas, the surface could suffer severe localized damage. The present study was focused on the galvanic interactions between iron samples in solutions with different pH. CO2-saturated 1% NaCl solutions with bulk pH of between 6 and 8 and temperature ranging from 20°C and 80°C were studied. A split cell allowed for customization of different environments in each of the half cells, along with simultaneous monitoring of the galvanic current and driving force as indicated by the difference in open-circuit potential. Corrosion product layers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicated that the pH of the bulk solution plays a major role in the formation of protective FeCO3 scales. Fe exhibited passive-like behavior when immersed in a solution at 80°C with pH adjusted to 8. After reaching a passive-like behavior, Fe samples were cathodic when coupled to samples immersed in a solution with lower pH. The magnitude of the galvanic current increased with increasing pH gradient.
Blockchain Architecture to Meet Challenges in Management of Electronic Health Records in IoT based Healthcare Systems
Authors: Arif Maria , Kuliha Megha , Varma Sunita
Published: August 2021

Secure, immutable and transparent feature of blockchain has led researchers to find ways to harness its potential in sectors other than financial services. Blockchain is emerging as a popular tool to help solve some of the healthcare industry's age-old problems that have resulted in delayed treatments, inaccessible health records in emergency, wasteful spending and higher costs for doctors, health care providers, insurers and patients. Applying blockchain in healthcare brings a new challenge of integrating blockchain with Internet of Things (IoT) networks as sensor based medical and wearable devices are now used to gather information about the health of a patient and provide it to medical applications using wireless networking. This paper proposes an architecture that would provide a decentralized, secure, immutable, transparent, scalable and traceable system for management and access control of electronic health records (EHRs) through the use of consortium blockchain, smart contracts, proof-ofauthentication (PoAh) consensus protocol and decentralized cloud.