bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
„Volte své jedy!“ K problematice vztahu trampské subkultury k alkoholu a krčemnému prostředí
Authors: Altman Karel
Published: January 2020

Although the need to compensate life in the rush and buzz of the city made its numerous inhabitants seek quiet recreation outdoors, some of them sought recreation as well as excitement, whose source were adventures inspired by their ideas of the Wild West. In the past century, its heroes, real or fictional, have become the symbols of the bearers of a distinctive and unique subculture called tramping, popular exclusively in Czechia (and partly Slovakia). In spite of the unique lifestyle, tramps could not do outdoors without refreshment, food and drink, which were provided by taverns and pubs in villages and secluded places near their campsites. Those businesses that proved successful and effective from the perspective of our tramps and men of prairies became known as tramp taverns. It was mainly there, especially during various excesses, that their god, Pajda, had to stand by them.
Embryo Models Derived from Stem Cells
Authors: Wilger Kevin ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: January 2020

In their article “Debate Ethics of Embryo Models from Stem Cells,” Nicolas Rivron and colleagues call for a debate on stem cell–derived human embryo models. They first ask four questions regarding ethics and embryo models, and then give four recommendations to investigators and regulators. Understanding the nature of embryo models is crucial to determining their treatment. If they are human organisms, they should be protected by existing guidelines for ethical research. For instance, the good—which for humans includes organismal flourishing—precludes experimentation on embryonic humans. However, investigators do not know with certainty whether embryo models are equivalent to embryos. Therefore, investigators must halt experiments, evaluate data, and engage in debate before continuing with research.
KOMPARATIVNA ANALIZA SIMULACIONIH SISTEMA ZA UČENJE PROGRAMSKIH PREVODILACA
Authors: Stamenković Srećko , Jovanović Nenad
Published: January 2020

U ovom radu izvršena je analiza simulacionih sistema za učenje programskih prevodilaca, predstavljene su njihove tehničke karakteristike, teme koje obrađuju, benefiti njihovog korišćenja u nastavi, kao i prednosti i mane svakog analiziranog simulatora. Na osnovu ovih informacija čitalac lako može da donese odluku o tome koji simulator je za njegove potrebe najpogodniji. Simulatori su u obrazovanju prepoznati kao alati za efikasno proučavanje kompleksnih i dinamičnih sistema. Veliki broj teorijskih apstraktnih koncepata iz različitih faza programskog prevođenja može se ilustrovati pomoću simulatora. Simulacioni sistemi u oblasti programskih prevodilaca predstavljaju odličan spoj teorijskog i praktičnog iskustva, i kao takvi doprinose unapređenju nastavnog procesa.
THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON TOURISTS’ PREFERENCES IN SERBIA
Authors: Stojiljković Marija , Jevtović Aleksandra , Đurović Mihajlo
Published: January 2020

Globalization can simply be described as the movement of goods, ideas, values ​​and people around the world. The globalization process has greatly affected all parts of the world economy, including tourism as an important and growing economic activity. Tourism development can be viewed in all dimensions of these processes: economic, social, cultural and even political. The great importance of tourism in the current global economy makes it a very popular research field, especially in the part of the economic dependency between tourism and globalization at the global or regional level. This paper shows how globalization influences tourists' individual decisions about 'buying' a destination. The analysis is based on an empirical study of Serbian tourists' preferences and activities. The paper points to the positive correlation of globalization and tourist preferences, to the correlation of tourist activity and socio - demographic characteristics and to what tourism trends are visible in the attitude of Serbian tourists.
The welfare of game birds destined for release into the wild: a balance between early life care and preparation for future natural hazards
Authors: Madden JR , Santilli F , Whiteside MA
Published: January 2020

Globally, over 110 million game birds are reared annually and released for recreational hunting. Game birds differ from other reared livestock because they experience two very distinct environments during their lives. Chicks are first reared in captivity for 6-12 weeks under managed, stable conditions and then released into the wild. A limited set of 13 studies have explored how the rearing conditions experienced by chicks influences their pre-release welfare, typically in terms of physical injury (feather-pecking) or behavioural assays of stress responses. However, no studies have considered the specific indicators of welfare of game birds after release. We therefore need to draw from studies that do not specifically investigate welfare but instead ones that examine how rearing environments influence post-release morphology, behaviour and survival. Consequently, we reviewed how reared and wild-born game birds differ and suggest methods by which more naturalistic rearing conditions may be achieved. We noted five areas where artificial rearing deviates substantially from natural conditions: absence of adults; unnatural chick densities; unnatural diet; unnatural physical environment; and exclusion of predation risk. Mimicking or introducing some of these elements in game bird rearing practice could bring two benefits: i) facilitating more natural behaviour by the chicks during rearing; and ii) ensuring that birds after release are better able to cope with natural hazards. Together, these could result in an improved overall welfare for game birds. For example, enrichment of the spatial environment may serve to both improve welfare pre-release and after release into the wild. However, some adaptations may induce poor welfare for a short period in the young birds. For example, exposure to predators may be temporarily stressful, but ultimately such experiences in early life may permit them to better cope with such threats when released into the wild. Therefore, to achieve an optimal welfare for the entirety of a game bird's life, a careful balance between the conditions experienced in early life and adequate preparation for later life in the wild is required.
Does ‘playtime’ reduce stimulus-seeking and other boredom-like behaviour in laboratory ferrets?
Authors: Burn CC , Raffle J , Bizley JK
Published: January 2020

Much environmental enrichment for laboratory animals is intended to enhance animal welfare and normalcy by providing stimulation to reduce ‘boredom’. Behavioural manifestations of boredom include restless sensation-seeking behaviours combined with indicators of sub-optimal arousal. Here, we explored whether these signs could be reduced by extra daily play opportunity in laboratory ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). Specifically, we hypothesised that playtime would reduce restlessness, aggression, sensation-seeking and awake drowsiness, even 24 h later in the home-cage. Female ferrets (n = 14) were group-housed in enriched multi-level cages. Playtime involved exploring a room containing a ball pool, paper bags, balls containing bells, and a familiar interactive human for 1 h. This was repeated on three consecutive mornings, and on the fourth, home-cage behaviour was compared between ferrets which had experienced the playtime treatment versus control cage-mates which had not. Their investigation of stimuli (positive = mouse odour or ball; ambiguous = empty bottle or tea-strainer; and negative = peppermint or bitter apple odour) was also recorded. We then swapped treatments, creating a paired experimental design. Ferrets under control conditions lay awake with their eyes open and screeched significantly more, but slept and sat/stood less, than following playtime. They also contacted negative and ambiguous stimuli for significantly longer under control conditions than following playtime; contact with positive stimuli showed no effects. Attempts to blind the observer to treatments were unsuccessful, so replication is required, but the findings suggest that playtime may have reduced both sub-optimal arousal and restless sensation-seeking behaviour, consistent with reducing boredom.
Not all dogs are equal: perception of canine welfare varies with context
Authors: Cobb ML , Lill A , Bennett PC
Published: January 2020

Community attitudes drive societal expectations, influencing government and industry regulations that determine standards of care for industries reliant on animals. It is important for dog industry stakeholders to understand public perceptions and attitudes, to inform management strategy priorities relating to animal welfare. This study sought to determine if the welfare status of dogs (Canis familiaris) is important to people and whether the perceived level of welfare varies with dog context (eg companion, protection, stock herding, assistance, sporting, free-roaming, wild, etc). Over 2,000 self-selected adults completed a voluntary, internet-based questionnaire. Responses were received from more than twelve countries and from a range of stakeholders with varied experiences. Perceived welfare status of dogs varied significantly across 17 dog contexts and roles, from extremely low (eg fighting dogs) to very high (eg guide dogs). Over 95% of respondents agreed that the welfare of dogs was very important to them. Demographic features of respondents did not relate to meaningful differences in reported importance of canine welfare or ratings of perceived welfare of dogs. The constructs underlying how people perceive the welfare of dogs appear complex and multi-dimensional. As public scrutiny forces reassessment of the welfare status of animals used in various contexts, proactive management of perceived welfare issues by companion and working dog industry stakeholders, including government, industry organisations, advocacy groups, and animal welfare researchers, is likely to be key to the sustainable participation of dogs in these roles.
To dock or not to dock? Faecal soiling measurement in sheep
Authors: Soriano VS , Stamm FO , Taconeli CA , Molento CFM
Published: January 2020

Faecal soiling is one of the welfare indicators in the AWIN welfare assessment protocol for sheep (Ovis aries) and is measured by dag scores. Studies on dag scoring for ewes with docked and undocked tails have given rise to contradictory results. The aim of this study was to compare faecal soiling between ewes with docked and undocked tails and evaluate inter-rater reliability for faecal soiling of ewes. This study was conducted on a farm in Southern Brazil and included 66 undocked and 94 docked ewes. Dag score was recorded by three assessors on a scale of 1 to 5. There was no significant difference on faecal soiling for docked compared to undocked ewes and the median dag score was 3 (1-5). Repeatability amongst assessors by intra-class correlation coefficient of dag scores on docked and undocked ewes was 0.49 and 0.40, respectively; however, these repeatabilities showed no significant differences. The modest repeatability between three assessors on dag scoring indicates caution as regards the use of faecal soiling as an indicator and suggests a need for further studies. The best field results may be obtained by increasing the assessment sample to at least 160 ewes or by raising the number of assessors to five to promote better inter-observer repeatability. Results suggest that taildocking did not promote cleanliness on the breech area. Considering the negative impact on welfare, it seems reasonable to reverse the burden of proof and desist from recommending tail-docking in the absence of clear scientific evidence of any benefit.
El problema de la autoridad en la cultura (profecía, interpretación, ficción) / The Problem of Authority in Culture (Prophecy, Interpretation, Fiction)
Authors: Galván Luis
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: This paper addresses the issue of the crisis or vanishing of authority in contemporary culture in the particular form of the problem of legitimacy in the use of language. What grounds can speakers find in order to justify their claim to be listened to? I point out that, since this problem has been examined for quite some time in the area of Biblical studies, we could improve our understanding of the current situation by means of an interdisciplinary dialogue. From this perspective, I consider claims to authority under three headings: prophecy, or the individual authority of the speaker; interpretation, or authority derived from a written source; fiction, or renouncing authority; and show that there is a degree of convergence in the direction of an anti-foundationalist stance.
KEYWORDS
Bible; Culture. Authority; Legitimacy; Prophecy; Interpretation; Fiction; Anti-foundationalism.
RESUMEN: Este ensayo trata de la crisis o pérdida de la autoridad en la cultura contemporánea, bajo el aspecto particular de los problemas de legitimidad para el uso del lenguaje. ¿Qué fundamentos pueden invocar los hablantes para justificar su pretensión de ser escuchados? Señalo que, habiendo sido este problema objeto de atención para los estudios bíblicos durante largo tiempo, un diálogo interdisciplinar puede mejorar nuestra comprensión de la difícil situación actual. Desde esta perspectiva, examino las pretensiones de autoridad bajo tres nociones: profecía, o la autoridad individual del hablante; interpretación, o la autoridad derivada de una fuente escrita; ficción, o la renuncia a la autoridad. Muestro que hay una cierta convergencia hacia un planteamiento antifundacionalista.
Job o el sufrimiento del justo / Job or the Suffering of the Rightteous
Authors: Pérez Gondar Diego
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: The question about the meaning of the suffering of the innocent is inescapable. In the biblical tradition, this subject is treated in a particularly profound way in the book of Job. Paradoxically, this book is little known. This article describes the elements that articulate this book according to its complex structure and its poetic peculiarity. That understanding helps to explain the various interpretations and re-readings that this work experienced in Judaism of the pre-Christian period, in the origin of Christianity and in later Rabbinism. Since the central theme is always current, this work helps readers to better read this biblical book and makes them understand its importance and transcendence in the history of Western culture.
KEYWORDS
Job; Suffering; Pain; Meaning; Rereading; Literary Structure.
RESUMEN: La pregunta acerca del sentido del sufrimiento del inocente es ineludible. En la tradición bíblica, este tema es tratado de un modo particularmente profundo en el libro de Job. Paradójicamente, este libro es poco conocido. Este trabajo describe los elementos que articulan este libro atendiendo a su estructura compleja y a su peculiaridad poética.Esa comprensión ayuda a explicar las diversas interpretaciones y relecturas que esta obra experimentó en el judaísmo del período precristiano, en el origen del cristianismo y en el rabinismo posterior. Como el tema central es siempre actual, este trabajo ayuda al lector a leer mejor este libro bíblico y hace comprender su importancia y trascendencia en la historia de la cultura occidental.
Las culturas de la emigración española: reflejos audiovisuales de la clase obrera
Authors: Piñol Lloret Marta
Published: January 2020

El objetivo del presente artículo es estudiar la representación de la emigración española hacia Europa, colocando el acento en su pertenencia a la clase obrera. Por ello, consideraremos films rodados en el contexto franquista, propuestas realizadas al margen de la industria o militantes, películas producidas por los países de acogida o audiovisuales dirigidos por personas que hayan vivido la experiencia de la emigración (primera y segunda generación). Todas estas distintas variables nos permitirán conocer y estudiar la complejidad que entraña abordar este tema y a su vez también analizaremos la relevancia que se concede en estos títulos a la condición obrera. Asimismo, valoraremos la representación de la implicación de los españoles emigrados en la vida política y sindical, así como acercaremos esta categoría a la de los exiliados políticos, evidenciando convergencias entre ambas.
ЕМОЦИЈЕ УЧЕНИКА У НАСТАВИ ЛИКОВНЕ КУЛТУРЕ
Authors: Станковић-Јанковић Тања , Гојковић Весна
Published: January 2020

Намјера аутора је била истицањезначаја емоција у настави ликовнекултуре. Пошло се од сазнања до којихсу дошли бројни психолози, педагозии други истраживачи на пољу проу-чавања односа између емоција и наставе/учења, као и емоција у наставиликовне културе. Циљ истраживањаје утврђивање односа између емоцијаученика у настави ликовне културе иа) пола, б) узраста, те в) успјеха уче-ника. Истраживањем је обухваћено320 ученика три бањалучке основнешколе. За потребе истраживања ко-риштен је адаптирани инструментназван Скала позитивних и негатив-них осјећања у настави ликовне кул-туре. Утврђено је да постоји значај-на разлика између дјечака и дјевојчицау интензитету њихових позитивних инегативних емоција. Показало се да,у зависности од узраста, долази допромјене у интензитету позитивних,али и негативних емоција. На крају,утврђено је да постоје статистич-ки значајне корелације између успјехаученика и њихових емоција.
НЕКА ЗАКОНСКА РЈЕШЕЊА ОБРАЗОВАЊА НАЦИОНАЛНИХ МАЊИНА У БиХ
Authors: Наградић Слободан
Published: January 2020

Ситуација у сфери образовања,као темељном садржају идентите-та националнихмањина, је изнимнозначајна за утврђивање и евалуацијудруштеног положаја тих друштве-них група у свим државама у којимамањинске заједнице те етиологије ипровенијенције егзистирају, па тако иу постдејтонској БиХ, а самим тим иРепублициСрпској. У раду је, на осно-ви анализе скоро све легислативе којаакцептује и садржи норме и санкцијео правима припадника националнихмањина, а посебно оне о образовању,показано да у дејтонски легализова-ној БиХ не мањка законских прописао правима припадника мањинских ет-ничких заједница, укључујући и тзв.педагошку легислативу, да је она хар-монизована са међународним инстру-ментима (конвенције, повеље, декла-рације, протоколи и сл.) за заштитуљудских права мањина,али, како ау-тор закључује, њихова дефицијен-тост је у међусобној дисхармонијиинепрецизности, из чега произлази кон-фузија у имплементацији, а често инепроводивост.
ATRIBUCIJA UČENIKA O STRAHU OD ŠKOLSKOG OCJENJIVANJA
Authors: Selimović Hazim , Selimović Zehrina
Published: January 2020

Cilj istraživanja je ispitivanje i utvrđivanjeatribucije učenika o školskomocjenjivanju i postojanju razlike izmeđuставова učenika o školskom ocjenjivanjus obzirom na pol, dob i mjesto škole.Traženi su odgovori na pitanje postoji listrah od ocjenjivanja i statistički značajnarazlika između učenika u samoprocjeneo strahu od ocjenjivanja. U istraživanjuje učestvovalo 612 učenika IV iV razreda osnovnih škola sa područjaopštine Travnik. Dobiveni nalazi su daliznačajne odgovore.Utvrđena je statističkiznačajna razlika između učenikas obzirom na pol i mjesto škole, te pozitivnapovezanost između uspjeha učenikai njihove samoprocjeneo straha odocjenjivanja. Nalazi do kojih smo došliimaće svoju praktičnu primjenu kako bise smanjio strah od ocjenjivanja.
A SPC strategy for decision making in manufacturing processes
Authors: Gil Del Val Alain , Sawik Bartosz , Agustín Alba , Faulín Javier , Diéguez Pedro María
Published: January 2020

Tapping is an extensively employed manufacturing process by which a multi-teeth tool, known as tap, cuts a mating thread when driven into a hole. When taps are new or slightly worn the process is usually in control and the geometry of the resulting threads on the work piece is correct. But as the tap wear increases the thread geometry deviates progressively from the correct one and eventually the screw threads become unacceptable.The aim of this paper consists on a development of statistical process control strategy for decision making according to data coming from the current signal of the tap spindle for assessing thread quality. It could operate on line and indicates when the tap wear is so critical that, if the process were continued, it would result in unacceptable screw threads. The system would be very cost-effective since the tapping process could be run without any operator intervention.
TLR5 participates in the TLR4 receptor complex and promotes MyD88-dependent signaling in environmental lung injury
Authors: Hussain Salik , Johnson Collin G , Sciurba Joseph , Meng Xianglin , Stober Vandy P , Liu Caini , Cyphert-Daly Jaime M , Bulek Katarzyna , Qian Wen , Solis Alma , Sakamachi Yosuke , Trempus Carol S , Aloor Jim J , Gowdy Kym M , Foster W Michael , Hollingsworth John W , Tighe Robert M , Li Xiaoxia , Fessler Michael B , Garantziotis Stavros
Published: January 2020

Lung disease causes significant morbidity and mortality, and is exacerbated by environmental injury, for example through lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or ozone (O3). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) orchestrate immune responses to injury by recognizing pathogen- or danger-associated molecular patterns. TLR4, the prototypic receptor for LPS, also mediates inflammation after O3, triggered by endogenous hyaluronan. Regulation of TLR4 signaling is incompletely understood. TLR5, the flagellin receptor, is expressed in alveolar macrophages, and regulates immune responses to environmental injury. Using in vivo animal models of TLR4-mediated inflammations (LPS, O3, hyaluronan), we show that TLR5 impacts the in vivo response to LPS, hyaluronan and O3. We demonstrate that immune cells of human carriers of a dominant negative TLR5 allele have decreased inflammatory response to O3exposure ex vivo and LPS exposure in vitro. Using primary murine macrophages, we find that TLR5 physically associates with TLR4 and biases TLR4 signaling towards the MyD88 pathway. Our results suggest an updated paradigm for TLR4/TLR5 signaling.
Integration of locomotion and auditory signals in the mouse inferior colliculus
Authors: Yang Yoonsun , Lee Joonyeol , Kim Gunsoo
Published: January 2020

The inferior colliculus (IC) is the major midbrain auditory integration center, where virtually all ascending auditory inputs converge. Although the IC has been extensively studied for sound processing, little is known about the neural activity of the IC in moving subjects, as frequently happens in natural hearing conditions. Here, by recording neural activity in walking mice, we show that the activity of IC neurons is strongly modulated by locomotion, even in the absence of sound stimuli. Similar modulation was also found in hearing-impaired mice, demonstrating that IC neurons receive non-auditory, locomotion-related neural signals. Sound-evoked activity was attenuated during locomotion, and this attenuation increased frequency selectivity across the neuronal population, while maintaining preferred frequencies. Our results suggest that during behavior, integrating movement-related and auditory information is an essential aspect of sound processing in the IC.
Comparison of Primary Patency and Maturation Rate of Antecubital Artriovenous Fistula for Dialysis in Diabetic Patient with Two Methods: Regional Block with Ropivacaine 0.5% and Local Anesthesia with Lidocaine 2%
Authors: Tadayon Niki , Tajiknia Neda , Mozaffar Mohammad , Behnaz Faranak , Teymourian Houman
Published: January 2020

Background: The best arteriovenous access in diabetic patients under dialysis is crucial to attain better therapeutic outcomes and improved prognosis in the patients. The purpose in this study was to compare the primary patency and maturation rate of antecubital artriovenous fistula for dialysis in diabetic patient with two methods: regional block with Ropivacaine 0.5% and local anesthesia with lidocaine 2%. Methods and Materials: In this randomized clinical trial, 40 consecutive diabetic patients under dialysis in 2016 and 2017 in a training center were enrolled and the primary patency and maturation rate of antecubital artriovenous fistula were compared with regional block with Ropivacaine 0.5% versus local anesthesia with lidocaine 2%. Results: The results in this study demonstrated that all factors of final arterial and venous diameter, blood flow, and patency were higher in group under regional block with Ropivacaine 0.5% and all except patency showed significant difference (P < 0.05). The complications rates were alike across the groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Totally, according to the obtained results, it may be concluded that regional block with Ropivacaine 0.5% is superior to local anesthesia with lidocaine 2% leading to higher patency rate and shorter maturation time and also higher arteriovenous diameter and blood flow.
Determination of Appropriate Topic for Exercise - A Strategy in Succeeding Translation Teaching for Undergraduate Students
Authors: Siregar Roswani , Lubis Syahron
Published: January 2020

Translation is a real-life, a natural activity and increasingly needed in globalization era. Although many believes that translation skill is acquired naturally, but many scholars believe it can be teachable. Besides, teaching translation is a difficult to set up and time-consuming activity, it is necessary to plan carefully. Thus, the aim of this article is to describe the steps in providing the appropriate topic for exercise in teaching translation course for undergraduate students. This is a part of study in inventing the model of translation teaching in university setting for non-translation class. As translation is process that involve the intellectuality, it is also viewed as art, thus this article will clarify how the translation material were prepared, what aspect should be considered before giving it in practice. This article also briefly describe the student perception on teaching-learning activities that suggest that the appropriate preparation of material is significant in keeping the student interest on translation teaching.
The Role of Language Ideology in Translating News Media: The Case of the Syrian War
Authors: Affeich Andree
Published: January 2020

The objective of this study is to examine the role of ideology in translating news media, and the representation of language in the media. The framing approach and the framing of realities through the process of translation will be examined whereby ‘changes’ are made for ideological purposes in response to the attempts of the group of receptors and to ‘the norms’ of those receptors. The impact of language ideology on translation and the way in which translation serves cultural, political, religious or literary concepts continues to grow nowadays. Ideology is affecting the translation of the source texts in many types of discourses, among them the journalistic discourse which constitutes the subject of this study. How does ideology work? How is ideology conveyed through the translation of news media? What is its role and impact on the target texts? How does ideology influence the choices of translators? These are some of the questions which will be dealt with throughout this paper. The representation of language in media will be also studied with a particular attention to be given to the use of lexical choices that show how ideology appears in the source texts and the target texts, and to the validity and legitimacy of language which carries an ideological stamp. For the purpose of this study, a corpus of online news articles in English highlighting the war in Syria will be used in parallel with the translation of this corpus into Arabic by two opposite media outlets: the pro-regime and the anti-regime.
Long non-coding RNA ERICH3-AS1 is an unfavorable prognostic factor for gastric cancer
Authors: Chen Qiongyun , Huang Xiaoqing , Dong Xuan , Wu Jingtong , Teng Fei , Xu Hongzhi
Published: January 2020

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in gastric cancer (GC), but the mechanism is not fully clear. ERICH3-AS1 (ERICH3 antisense RNA1) is affiliated with the non-coding RNA class which has proven to be involved in the prognostic of GC, but the function of ERICH3-AS1 is still unclear. In this study, we aim to explore the potential function of ERICH3-AS1 in the development of GC and analyze the prognostic role of ERICH3-AS1 in GC. We found that the lncRNA ERICH3-AS1 was significantly up-regulated in GC tissues in the analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data; the Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the higher the expression of ERICH3-AS1 was, the earlier the recurrence and the poorer the prognosis would be in patients. Cox univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that ERICH3-AS1 was a risk factor of disease-free survival (DFS) (p < 0.05) and overall survival (OS) (p < 0.05) of patients. Through Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses, it demonstrated that the ERBB pathways, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, the MTOR pathways, p53 pathways and Wnt pathways were differentially enriched in ERICH3-AS1 high expression phenotype. Furthermore, the correlation analysis showed that ERICH3-AS1 had significant correlations with apoptosis-related proteins such as BCL2L10 and CASP14; cell cycle-associated proteins CDK14 and invasion and migration-associated proteins such as MMP20, MMP26 and MMP27. In summary, we identified that increased ERICH3-AS1 might be a potential biomarker for diagnosis and independent prognostic factor of GC. Moreover, ERICH3-AS1 might participate in the oncogenesis and development of tumors via cell cycle and apoptosis pathway mediated by ERBB, MAPK, MTOR, p53 and Wnt pathways.
­Complete plastid genome sequences of two species of the Neotropical genus Brunellia (Brunelliaceae)
Authors: Valencia-D Janice , Murillo-A José , Orozco Clara Inés , Parra-O Carlos , Neubig Kurt M.
Published: January 2020

Here we present the first two complete plastid genomes for Brunelliaceae, a Neotropical family with a single genus, Brunellia. We surveyed the entire plastid genome in order to find variable cpDNA regions for further phylogenetic analyses across the family. We sampled morphologically different species, B. antioquensis and B. trianae, and found that the plastid genomes are 157,685 and 157,775 bp in length and display the typical quadripartite structure found in angiosperms. Despite the clear morphological distinction between both species, the molecular data show a very low level of divergence. The amount of nucleotide substitutions per site is one of the lowest reported to date among published congeneric studies (π = 0.00025). The plastid genomes have gene order and content coincident with other COM (Celastrales, Oxalidales, Malpighiales) relatives. Phylogenetic analyses of selected superrosid representatives show high bootstrap support for the ((C,M)O) topology. The N-fixing clade appears as the sister group of the COM clade and Zygophyllales as the sister to the rest of the fabids group.
Gender and Faculty of Study as Predictors of Undergraduate Students’ Academic Achievement in Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria
Authors: Akunne L. I. , Chigbo-Obasi T. U.
Published: January 2020

Aims: To determine gender and faculty of study as predictor of undergraduate students’ academic achievement in tertiary institutions in Nigeria.

Study Design:  Ex-post facto research design.

Methodology: The sample for the study was 632 100 level students selected using simple random sampling technique of balloting without replacement. These students were selected from tertiary institutions sampled for the study. The data collected were pre-existing results of 100 level students on General mathematics retrieved from the respective departments sampled earlier. Data collected was analyzed using simple regression analysis.   

Results: The results of this study revealed that gender of undergraduate students had R2 change of 0.004. This indicates that gender had the predictive power of 0.40 percent for undergraduates’ achievement in General Mathematics. Also, at 1df numerator, 631 df denominator and P=.05, the calculated F value 2.54 is less than the critical F value of 3.84. Therefore, gender of undergraduates in tertiary institutions is not a significant predictor of their achievements in General Mathematics. On the other hand, the results showed that undergraduate students had R2 change of 0.009. This indicates that faculty of study had the predictive power of 0.90 percent for undergraduates academic achievement in General Mathematics. Also, at 1df numerator, 631df denominator and P = .05, the calculated F value 6.78 is greater than the critical F value of 3.84. Therefore, students’ faculty of study in tertiary institutions is a significant predictor of their achievements in General Mathematics.

Conclusion: Based on the analysis carried out, it was concluded that gender of undergraduates in tertiary institutions is not a significant predictor of their achievement in General Mathematics. On the contrary, students’ faculty of study in tertiary institutions was found to be a significant predictor of their achievements in General Mathematics.
Association of Innovative Work Behaviour, Organizational Frustration and Work-family Conflict among Private Sector Employees
Authors: Ezeh, Leonard N. , Chukwuemeka E. Etodike, , Stephen E. Iloke, , Nnaebue, Collins I. , Rachael A. Okafor,
Published: January 2020

Private sector is so challenging and demanding owing to market competitions and unfavorable work environment which frustrate employees’ efforts. Against this backdrop, this study explored the association of innovative work behavior, organizational frustration and work-family conflict among employees of Innoson Technical and Industrial Company Ltd Emene, Enugu, Nigeria. The sample population of the study comprised 112 private sector workers (89 males and 23 females) with age range from 23-56 years with a mean age of 32.5 who were selected through simple random sampling. Instruments for data collection were: Innovative work behaviour scale, organizational frustration scale and work-family conflict scale. In the method session, Correlation design was adopted and Pearson chi-square statistic was used to analyze the association among variables. Three hypotheses guided the inquiry and the result indicated that:  innovative work behaviour was significantly associated with organizational frustration and work-family conflict at 1446.4, p < .05 and 1761.6 p < .05 (n = 112) respectively; while organizational frustration was also significantly associated with work-family conflict at 1799.2,  p < .05 (n = 112). The finding imply that innovative work behaviour can influence a reduced level of organizational frustration and work-family conflict while organizational frustration can influence an increased level of work-family conflict among private sector employees. It is recommended that private sector organizations encourage the growth of innovative trait among workers and implement same in their recruitment policy to engender reduced levels of organizational frustration and work-family conflict.
Consistency Analysis of Spatial Perception Measurement of Tourists and Residents in Fuzhou Xi-Hu Park
Authors: Hung Chien-Jen , Yen Tsai-Fa
Published: January 2020

Fuzhou Xi-Hu Park is Located in the central area of Fuzhou, It has a history of over 1,700 years and is the most complete classical garden in Fuzhou. Many people come to the Xi-Hu Park for sightseeing when they arrive in Fuzhouas well as residents. The purpose of this study is to explore whether the structure and measurement method of the questionnaire are uniform for tourists and residents in the measurement of spatial perception. Data were collected by questionnaire survey, 650 number of questionnaire were distributed and 583 were received. The results revealed that the scales of measurement across residents and tourists were invariant. The measurement weights, measure residuals and structural residuals were not significant indicating that there is no difference across residents and tourists. It means that the study can re analyze the difference between tourists and residents' perception of space.
Nutritional Assessment of Cassia tora Leaves from Different Regions in Rajasthan
Authors: Rathore Mala , Kumar Hemant
Published: January 2020

Cassia tora is a wild undershrub with edible leaves used by local people in the preparation of leaf based dish, commonly known as “sag”. Nutritional analysis of leaves samples collected from different locations of Rajasthan was carried out so as to explore its potential for use as food supplement. Proximate analysis showed maximum fat (4.42%) and protein (15.34%) in samples from Banswara. Samples from Pali were rich in sugar (11.2%). Maximum ash (17.71%) and vitamin C (84.24 mg/100 g) was found in Dungarpur samples. The leaves were found to be a rich source of micronutrients. Results showed that these could be used as dietary supplement for rural and urban population.
An Immersed Finite Element Method for Planar Elasticity Interface Problem
Authors: Liu Angran
Published: January 2020

This paper presents the P1/CR immersed finite element (IFE) method to solve planar elasticityinterface problem. By adding some stabilisation terms on the edges of interface elements, thestability of the discrete formulation and a priori error estimate in an energy norm are presented.Finally, numerical examples are given to confirm our theoretical results.
Bayesian Optimization for Parameter of Discrete Weibull Regression
Authors: Olumide Sunday Adesina, , Adeniyi Samson Onanaye, , Dorcas Modupe Okewole,
Published: January 2020

This study aim at optimizing the parameter θ of Discrete Weibull (DW) regression obtained by maximizing the likelihood function. Also to examine the strength of three acquisition functions used in solving auxiliary optimization problem. The choice of Discrete Weibull regression model among other models for fitting count data is due to its robustness in fitting count data. Count data of hypertensive patients visits to the doctor was obtained at Medicare Clinics Ota, Nigeria, and was used for the analysis. First, parameter θ  and β  were obtained using Metropolis Hasting Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) algorithm. Then Bayesian optimization was used to optimize the parameter the likelihood function of DW regression, given β to examine what θ would be, and making the likelihood function of DW the objective function. Upper confidence bound (UCB), Expectation of Improvement (EI), and probability of Improvement (PI) were used as acquisition functions. Results showed that fitting Bayesian DW regression to the data, there is significant relationship between the response variable, β and the covariate. On implementing Bayesian optimization to obtain parameter new parameter θ of discrete Weibull regression using the known β, the results showed promising applicability of the technique to the model, and found that EI fits the data better relative to PI and UCB in terms of accuracy and speed.
Undesirable Outcomes of Starvation Therapy of Cancer Require Special Attention
Authors: Shakir Al Joudi Fawwaz
Published: January 2020

Nutritional starvation is a growing area of research into development of cancer therapy. Within the vast amount of positive research findings in starvation trials, there have been weaknesses in some of the systems utilized. Because such weaknesses are taken as adverse points that must be well-thought-out and avoided, such negative effects have been sought from the literature and presented in this work. This mini-review can then be a suitable guide for researchers and clinicians to either avoid situations where the growth of certain cancer cells is enhanced by certain forms or modes of starvation, or their metastatic abilities are boosted. The intra- and extra-cellular mechanisms associated with these cellular enhancements have been demonstrated. Some negative interactions of starvation with chemotherapy have also been included. The understanding of these mechanisms can help avoid them for better future experimental and clinical results and may, at the same time, open new avenues for research workers to find ways of dismantling them.
Immediate Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined with Functional Electrical Stimulation on Plantar Distribution and Body Sway Frequency in a Patient with Hemiparesis from Stroke: A Case Report
Authors: Marina Alves Fruhauf Aline , Carneiro Costa Glaucio , Carlos Ferrari Corrêa João , Ishida Corrêa Fernanda
Published: January 2020

Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the immediate effect of a single session of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) combined with functional electrical stimulation (FES) of the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle on plantar distribution and body sway frequency in an individual with hemiparesis stemming from a stroke. A further aim was to determine whether the effects of the combination of stimulation techniques would lead to greater improvement than the techniques administered separately.

Methods: The therapy was conducted with one 60-year-old male with right-side stroke and complete, but disproportional hemiparesis with brachial predominance on the left side, 42 months elapsed since the event and severe Fugl-Meyer score. The patient was submitted to four different randomly performed intervention protocols with a 48-hour intervention between sessions: 1) anodal tDCS + sham FES + active TA contraction; 2) sham tDCS + active FES + active TA contraction; 3) anodal tDCS + active FES + active TA contraction; 4) sham tDCS + sham FES + active TA contraction). TDCS was administered for 20 minutes with the anode over C4 and the cathode over the supraorbital region on the contralateral side and FES was administered over the left TA. The evaluation of plantar distribution was performed with a foot-pressure platform and body sway frequency was evaluated using a force plate before and after each protocol.

Results: Beneficial changes occurred in the area of contact of the left hindfoot and right forefoot following intervention protocols 1, 2 and 3 and a reduction in body sway frequency occurred under all data acquisition conditions after protocols 1 and 2.

Conclusion: The use of tDCS (combined and alone) and the use of FES contributed to improvements in plantar distribution and body sway frequency in a stroke survivor with hemiparesis. The use of tDCS either alone or combined with FES achieved better results than the use of FES alone.
Consumers’ Perceptions Regarding Adoption of Leaf Color Chart for Resource Management
Authors: Chauhan Alisha , . Sukhmani
Published: January 2020

Aim: This study attempts to understand the consumers’ perceptions regarding adoption of leaf color chart for resource management in agriculture and how the adoption level varies among various age groups, landholding sizes and income groups.

Study Design: An exploratory research study was undertaken and consumer responses were recorded using a well-structured, disguised questionnaire.

Methodology: From eight villages of two major districts of Punjab state, a total of 150 farmers were selected as respondents. These respondents selected belonged to different age groups, landholding sizes and income groups in order to represent the whole population effectively. The data collected through questionnaires were analyzed using appropriate statistical tools.

Major Findings: It was found that most of the respondents were aware of ill-effects of excessive usage of fertilizers, but were still practicing fertilizer inputs based on their personal experiences instead of using any technical advice or techniques established. Young farmers, farmers belonging to small and semi-medium landholding sizes and medium income groups were observed to have higher adoption level as compared to others.

Conclusion: Approximately 70 percent of the respondents were not using leaf color chart, even though 73 percent of the total respondents were aware about the technology. Age, landholding sizes and income groups had significant effect on the perception of respondents towards adoption of leaf color chart for resource management.
Potential prognostic impact of EBV RNA‐seq reads in gastric cancer: a reanalysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort
Authors: Sadato Daichi , Ogawa Mina , Hirama Chizuko , Hishima Tsunekazu , Horiguchi Shin‐Ichiro , Harada Yuka , Shimoyama Tatsu , Itokawa Masanari , Ohashi Kazuteru , Oboki Keisuke
Published: January 2020

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC), whose prognosis remains controversial, is diagnosed by in situ hybridization of EBV‐derived EBER1/2 small RNAs. In The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Stomach Adenocarcinoma (STAD) project, the EBV molecular subtype was determined through a combination of multiple next‐generation sequencing methods, but not by the gold standard in situ hybridization method. This leaves unanswered questions regarding the discordance of EBV positivity detected by different approaches and the threshold of sequencing reads. Therefore, we reanalyzed the TCGA‐STAD RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) dataset including 375 tumor and 32 normal samples, using our analysis pipeline. We defined a reliable threshold for EBV‐derived next‐generation sequencing reads by mapping them to the EBV genome with three different random arbitrary alignments. We analyzed the prognostic impact of EBV status on the histopathological subtypes of gastric cancer. EBV‐positive cases identified by reanalysis comprised nearly half of the cases (49.6%) independent from infiltrating lymphocyte signatures, and showed significantly longer overall survival for adenocarcinomas of the ‘not‐otherwise‐specified’ type [P = 0.016 (log‐rank test); hazard ratios (HR): 0.476; 95% CI: 0.260–0.870, P = 0.016 (Cox univariate analysis)], but shorter overall survival for the tubular adenocarcinoma type [P = 0.005 (log‐rank test); HR: 3.329; 95% CI: 1.406–7.885, P = 0.006 (Cox univariate analysis)]. These results demonstrate that the EBV positivity rates were higher when determined by RNA‐seq than when determined by EBER1/2 in situ hybridization. The RNA‐seq‐based EBV positivity demonstrated distinct results for gastric cancer prognosis depending on the histopathological subtype, suggesting its potential to be used in clinical prognoses.
The Formation, Persistence, and Resistance to Disinfectant of the Erysipelothrix piscisicarius Biofilm
Authors: Pomaranski Eric K. , Soto Esteban
Published: January 2020

Erysipelothrix piscisicarius is an emergent pathogen in fish aquaculture, particularly in the ornamental fish trade. Very little is known on the biology of this pathogen; however, the recurrence of infection and disease outbreaks after removing the fish from a system and disinfecting the tank suggest its environmental persistence. Moreover, biofilm lifestyle in E. piscisicarius has been suspected but not previously shown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the formation of biofilms on an abiotic surface in Erysipelothrix spp. We used hydroxyapatite-coated plastic pegs to demonstrate the attachment, growth, and persistence of E. piscisicarius on abiotic surfaces in both fresh and marine environments and to investigate the susceptibility of this pathogen to different disinfectants that are used in the aquaculture industry. E. piscisicarius formed biofilms that persisted significantly longer than planktonic cells did in both freshwater and saltwater over a period of 120 h (P = 0.004). The biofilms were also more resistant to disinfectants than the planktonic cells were. Hydrogen peroxide was the most effective disinfectant against E. piscisicarius, and it eradicated the biofilms and planktonic cells at the recommended concentrations. In contrast, Virkon and bleach were able to eradicate only the planktonic cells. This information should be taken into consideration when developing biosecurity protocols in aquaculture systems, aquariums, and private collections.