bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technology Leadership in Education and Digital Integration In Educational Management
Authors: Izzaty Binti Salikan Izyan , Hanim Binti A Hamid Aida
Published: April 2024

Technology leadership is the key to digital integration in the field of education. However, there are various constraints preventing comprehensive technology integration in education today. The purpose of this report is to examine, analyze, and compare two studies focusing on technology leadership of educational leaders and digital integration in education, particularly in the context of schools in Malaysia. The analysis and comparison of the studies specifically focus on the concept of the Technology Leadership Model using the NETS-A standards and how a hypothesis model is constructed based on NETS-A adjusted to the education system in this country. Findings from both selected articles indicate that the level of technology leadership of educational leaders is high, but there are still various issues related to technology leadership in Malaysia that need attention, such as leaders not practicing virtual leadership, teachers as leaders not being proficient in optimizing technology use, and current limitations in technology usage equipment. Implications for each discussed issue are examined from policy, training, administration, and educational leadership aspects to ensure that the proposed steps taken have a positive impact on all educational entities and institutions. The results of this report show that technology leadership plays a crucial role in digital integration in schools in line with the functions and roles of leaders as the primary drivers of schools.
Impact of Ethanol Extract of Lasianthera Africana Leaf on Kidney Function Biomarkers of Testosterone Propionate-Induced Prostatitis in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: K.T. Nwauche, , E.S. Acho, , K.A. Okari,
Published: April 2024

The impact of the ethanol extract of the plant on kidney function markers of Testosterone propionate induced prostatitis were studied and the PSA level of the male wistar rats used was also studied. Thirty male wistar rats were grouped into six groups (group1-6) of five rats each. Normal water and the rat feeds were given to rats in group 1 ad libitum and they were not treated. Prostatitis was induced to the rats in groups 2 to 6 for four days after which treatment commenced for 28 days. The reference drug (Contiflo XL (400μg)) was administered to Group 3, the rats in groups 4 and 5 received 100mg and 200mg of the plant extract respectively while group 6 were administered a combined dose of 100mg of plant extract and contiflo XL. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the plant leaf revealed the presence of polyphenols (+++), alkaloids (+++), saponins (++), tannins (++) and flavonoids (+). The PSA Level that was observed to be increased after induction of prostatitis in group2 was significantly decreased when 200mg of the leaf ethanol extract of the plant was administered to group 4. The other groups (3, 5 and 6) were also decreased when compared to group 2. For all the kidney function biomarkers analyzed, a significant increase was observed in group2 when compared with group 1. After the period of treatment, urea, creatinine and the electrolytes (Na+ , Cl- , K+ and HCO3 - ) were observed to be significantly decreased when 100mg of the extract was administered showing the much potency it has in the disease management except for bicarbonate where 200mg of the extract had more potency. This study has revealed that the plant leaf ethanol extract is suitable for the management of prostatitis and has ameliorative effect on the kidney function biomarkers of male wistar rats induced with prostatitis.
The Emerging Stellar Complex in Mon R2: Membership and Optical Variability Classification
Authors: Jiang Sally D. , Hillenbrand Lynne A.
Published: April 2024

Monoceros R2 (Mon R2) is one of the closest large active star-forming regions. This extremely young and partially embedded region provides an excellent laboratory for studying star formation and the early evolution of young stellar objects (YSOs). In this paper, we conduct an optical study of the greater Mon R2 region. Beginning with 1690 previously identified candidate YSOs, we used 496 sources with good proper motions and parallaxes from Gaia Data Release (DR) 3 to determine the astrometric properties for likely members of Mon R2. We then used both astrometric and photometric (isochronal and variability) criteria to determine that 308 of these stars are highly probable members. Using the same criteria, we considered a broad area search around Mon R2 in Gaia DR3 and separated candidate members from field stars. In total, we selected 651 likely new cluster members that had been missed in the previous X-ray and infrared excess selection techniques used in the past to establish cluster membership. Revised astrometric properties of the cluster were found using the combined sample of ∼959 highly probable member stars. For the literature plus the new candidate member list, optical light curves were compiled from the Zwicky Transient Facility. For 470 identified variable sources, we attempted classification based on the flux asymmetry (M) and quasiperiodicity (Q) metrics. We find that Mon R2 is dominated by quasiperiodic symmetric variables, with aperiodic sources also a significant population. A few tens of large-amplitude variables are identified that may be of interest for further study.
Elemental Abundances in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium from Joint Far-ultraviolet and X-Ray Spectroscopy: Iron, Oxygen, Carbon, and Sulfur
Authors: Psaradaki I. , Corrales L. , Werk J. , Jensen A. G. , Costantini E. , Mehdipour M. , Cilley R. , Schulz N. , Kaastra J. , García J. A. , Valencic L. , Kallman T. , Paerels F.
Published: April 2024

In this study, we investigate interstellar absorption lines along the line of sight toward the galactic low-mass X-ray binary Cygnus X-2. We combine absorption line data obtained from high-resolution X-ray spectra collected with the Chandra and XMM-Newton satellites, along with far-UV absorption lines observed by the Hubble Space Telescope’s (HST) Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) instrument. Our primary objective is to understand the abundance and depletion of oxygen, iron, sulfur, and carbon. To achieve this, we have developed an analysis pipeline that simultaneously fits both the UV and X-ray data sets. This novel approach takes into account the line-spread function of HST/COS, enhancing the precision of our results. We examine the absorption lines of Fe ii, S ii, C ii, and C i present in the far-UV spectrum of Cygnus X-2, revealing the presence of at least two distinct absorbers characterized by different velocities. Additionally, we employ Cloudy simulations to compare our findings concerning the ionic ratios for the studied elements. We find that gaseous iron and sulfur exist in their singly ionized forms, Fe ii and S ii, respectively, while the abundances of C ii and C i do not agree with the Cloudy simulations of the neutral ISM. Finally, we explore discrepancies in the X-ray atomic data of iron and discuss their impact on the overall abundance and depletion of iron.
On the Origin of the Sudden Heliospheric Open Magnetic Flux Enhancement During the 2014 Pole Reversal
Authors: Heinemann Stephan G. , Owens Mathew J. , Temmer Manuela , Turtle James A. , Arge Charles N. , Henney Carl J. , Pomoell Jens , Asvestari Eleanna , Linker Jon A. , Downs Cooper , Caplan Ronald M. , Hofmeister Stefan J. , Scolini Camilla , Pinto Rui F. , Madjarska Maria S.
Published: April 2024

Coronal holes are recognized as the primary sources of heliospheric open magnetic flux (OMF). However, a noticeable gap exists between in situ measured OMF and that derived from remote-sensing observations of the Sun. In this study, we investigate the OMF evolution and its connection to solar structures throughout 2014, with special emphasis on the period from September to October, where a sudden and significant OMF increase was reported. By deriving the OMF evolution at 1 au, modeling it at the source surface, and analyzing solar photospheric data, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the observed phenomenon. First, we establish a strong correlation between the OMF increase and the solar magnetic field derived from a potential-field source-surface model (cc
Pearson = 0.94). Moreover, we find a good correlation between the OMF and the open flux derived from solar coronal holes (cc
Pearson = 0.88), although the coronal holes only contain 14%–32% of the Sun’s total open flux. However, we note that while the OMF evolution correlates with coronal hole open flux, there is no correlation with the coronal hole area evolution (cc
Pearson = 0.0). The temporal increase in OMF correlates with the vanishing remnant magnetic field at the southern pole, caused by poleward flux circulations from the decay of numerous active regions months earlier. Additionally, our analysis suggests a potential link between the OMF enhancement and the concurrent emergence of the largest active region in solar cycle 24. In conclusion, our study provides insights into the strong increase in OMF observed during 2014 September–October.
The Carbon Isotopic Ratio and Planet Formation
Authors: Bergin Edwin A. , Bosman Arthur , Teague Richard , Calahan Jenny , Willacy Karen , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Schwarz Kamber , Zhang Ke , Bruderer Simon
Published: April 2024

We present the first detection of 13CCH in a protoplanetary disk (TW Hya). Using observations of C2H, we measure CCH/13CCH = 65 ± 20 gas with a CO isotopic ratio of 12CO/13CO = 21 ± 5. The TW Hya disk exhibits a gas phase C/O that exceeds unity, and C2H is the tracer of this excess carbon. We confirm that the TW Hya gaseous disk exhibits two separate carbon isotopic reservoirs, as noted previously. We explore two theoretical solutions for the development of this dichotomy. One model represents TW Hya today with a protoplanetary disk exposed to a cosmic-ray ionization rate that is below interstellar as consistent with current estimates. We find that this model does not have sufficient ionization in cold (T < 40 K) layers to activate carbon isotopic fractionation. The second model investigates a younger TW Hya protostellar disk exposed to an interstellar cosmic-ray ionization rate. We find that the younger model has sources of ionization deeper in a colder disk that generates two independent isotopic reservoirs. One reservoir is 12C-enriched carried by methane/hydrocarbon ices, and the other is 13C-enriched carried by gaseous CO. The former potentially provides a source of methane/hydrocarbon ices to power the chemistry that generates the anomalously strong C2H emission in this (and other) disk systems in later stages. The latter provides a source of gaseous 13C-rich material to generate isotopic enrichments in forming giant planets, as recently detected in the super-Jupiter TYC 8998-760-1 b by Zhang et al.
Iatrogenic botulism cases after gastric and axillary application of botulinum toxin and review of literature
Authors: Eser Fatma , Hasanoğlu İmran , Kayaaslan Bircan , Kaya Kalem Ayşe , Bilen Şule , Orhan Gürdal , Güner Rahmet
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Iatrogenic botulism is a rare, serious disease that progresses with descending paralysis and develops after cosmetic or therapeutic botulinum toxin-A (BoNT-A) application.
Case presentations: In this case series; six cases of iatrogenic botulism followed up in our center are presented. Four of these developed after gastric BoNT-A and two after axillary BoNT-A application.
Results: The most important cause for the disease was the use of unlicensed products and high-dose toxin applications. The first symptoms were blurred vision, double vision, difficulty in swallowing, and hoarseness. Symptoms appeared within 4-10 days after the application of BoNT-A. Symptoms progressed in the course of descending paralysis in the following days with fatigue, weakness in extremities and respiratory distress. Diagnosis was based on patient history and clinical findings. The main principles of foodborne botulism therapy were applied in the treatment of iatrogenic botulism. If clinical worsening continued, regardless of the time elapsed after BoNT-A application, the use of botulinum antitoxin made a significant contribution to clinical improvement and was recommended.
Conclusions: Routine and new indications for BoNT-A usage are increasing and, as a result, cases of iatrogenic botulism will be encountered more frequently. Physicians should be alert for iatrogenic botulism in the follow-up after BoNT-A applications and in the differential diagnosis of neurological diseases that are presented with similar findings.
Population mobility, well-mixed clustering and disease spread: a look at COVID-19 Spread in the United States and preventive policy insights
Authors: Lyver David , Nica Mihai , Cot Corentin , Cacciapaglia Giacomo , Mohammadi Zahra , Thommes Edward W. , Cojocaru Monica-Gabriela
Published: April 2024

The epidemiology of pandemics is classically viewed using geographical and political borders; however, these artificial divisions can result in a misunderstanding of the current epidemiological state within a given region. To improve upon current methods, we propose a clustering algorithm which is capable of recasting regions into well-mixed clusters such that they have a high level of interconnection while minimizing the external flow of the population towards other clusters. Moreover, we analyze and identify so-called core clusters, clusters that retain their features over time (temporally stable) and independent of the presence or absence of policy measures. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of this algorithm, we use USA county-level cellular mobility data to divide the country into such clusters. Herein, we show a more granular spread of SARS-CoV-2 throughout the first weeks of the pandemic. Moreover, we are able to identify areas (groups of counties) that were experiencing above average levels of transmission within a state, as well as pan-state areas (clusters overlapping more than one state) with very similar disease spread. Therefore, our method enables policymakers to make more informed decisions on the use of public health interventions within their jurisdiction, as well as guide collaboration with surrounding regions to benefit the general population in controlling the spread of communicable diseases.
Sobre a descolonização e seus correlatos
Authors: Filho Wilson Trajano
Published: April 2024

Este ensaio faz uma análise crítica da literatura sobre descolonização (e seus correlatos), desde os estudos realizados por agentes e administradores coloniais até a recente moda dos estudos pós-coloniais e decoloniais. Ele destaca as limitações da abordagem top-down da maioria dos estudos até a década de 1970, o binarismo que tem caracterizado os estudos contemporâneos e a ambivalência conceitual, bem como a lógica de marketing que distinguem a abordagem decolonial. Por fim, considera a ideia de usar o quadro conceitual dos estudos de crioulização e as ideias de Oswald de Andrade sobre antropofagia para obter uma melhor compreensão da descolonização.
Conflitos religiosos e espaço público: A disputa pelas Dunas do Abaeté em Salvador
Authors: Bradymir Lídia , Tavares Fátima
Published: April 2024

O crescimento evangélico no Brasil tem suscitado debates em torno das relações conflituosas com as religiões afro-brasileiras. Em Salvador, uma capital majoritariamente negra, os evangélicos vêm crescentemente disputando legitimidade social numa cidade cuja presença pública das religiões de matriz africana visibiliza símbolos que aparecem como “marcadores” da identidade baiana. Para abordar os desafios contemporâneos dessa relação, apresentamos inicialmente as discussões em torno das categorias de intolerância e racismo religiosos, focando nas pesquisas que tratam desses conflitos no espaço público de Salvador: no reconhecimento de monumentos religiosos, nas festas de largo, nos “territórios religiosos” de vizinhança. Em seguida, abordamos o conflito recente entre afrorreligiosos e evangélicos em Salvador referente à urbanização do Parque das Dunas e Lagoa do Abaeté, em fevereiro de 2022, que confrontou os dois grupos nas ruas da cidade. Na conclusão, apontamos a intensificação dos conflitos que produzem novos estriamentos do espaço urbano: do lado dos evangélicos, a exigência da retirada dos símbolos do candomblé do espaço público, ao tempo em que reivindicam o reconhecimento dos seus símbolos na cidade; do lado dos afrorreligiosos, a novidade dos ebós coletivos, que ressignificam o espaço público com a potência antes circunscrita aos terreiros e espaços sagrados.
Christopher Tindale: Exploring the Cultural Foundations of Rhetoric and Reason
Authors: Tindale Christopher , Amossy Ruth
Published: April 2024

The interview conducted with Christopher Tindale by Ruth Amossy in this special issue on “Challenging Rhetoric” proposes a survey of Tindale’s innovative work. Developing from Informal Logic to a theory of Rhetorical Argumentation, it eventually leads to an anthropological approach that challenges the Western rhetorical tradition. It assumes that ways of reasoning are culture-dependent and that arguments as reason-giving can take many forms beyond the ones described in the Western tradition. It thus tackles the question of cross-cultural communication in its argumentative dimension. In this framework it presents an “encounter rhetoric” exploring the encounter between people from very different cultures and looking at how a mutual cognitive environment is able, over time, to emerge and allow for argumentation.
Steve Oswald : Pragmatique et rhétorique
Authors: Oswald Steve , Herman Thierry
Published: April 2024

Chercher l’efficacité perlocutoire (faire adhérer à une thèse, faire acheter un produit, …) sans que la vérité ou la morale ne jouent un rôle décisif constitue-t-elle ce que d’aucuns nomment une manipulation ? C’est précisément parce qu’il s’intéresse aux mécanismes de l’adhésion à des thèses que Steve Oswald a tissé des liens entre sciences cognitives et rhétorique autour de cette notion. En se fondant sur les théories de pragmatique cognitive et les travaux en psychologie, ce chercheur sort des sentiers battus de la rhétorique en ouvrant ce qui est pour beaucoup une boîte noire : la question des effets des stratégies discursives. Il a tout d’abord abordé la question en cherchant à expliquer le mécanisme sur un plan théorique mais aussi, depuis peu, de manière expérimentale. Examiner ainsi la question des effets rhétoriques permet non seulement de revivifier la discipline en documentant les intuitions ou les constats empiriques des anciens rhéteurs, mais aussi de créer des ponts entre des approches qui s’ignorent parfois : la logique informelle, la psychologie cognitive, la pragmatique cognitive, l’analyse du discours.
Stuart A. Selber: What is Digital Rhetoric?
Authors: Selber Stuart A. , Ridolfo Jim
Published: April 2024

The interview conducted with Stuart Selber by Jim Ridolfo in this special issue on “Challenging Rhetorical Traditions” provides an overview of Selber’s innovative and impactful career studying digital rhetoric. From Selber’s award-winning 2004 monograph Multiliteracies for a Digital Age to his newest monograph Institutional Literacies: Engaging Academic IT Contexts for Writing and Communication, we discuss how the literacies and landscapes of digital rhetoric have significantly changed and will continue to change as we wade into an era of increased digital privacy concerns, deep fakes, and Generative AI. Professor Selber’s work is an excellent example of how scholarship in contemporary digital rhetoric is revolutionizing the field of traditional rhetoric and the teaching of literacy, both re–elaborating its basic notions and expanding its future applications.
Stuart A. Selber : Qu’est-ce que la rhétorique numérique ?
Authors: Selber Stuart A. , Ridolfo Jim
Published: April 2024

L’interview de Stuart Selber réalisée par Jim Ridolfo dans ce numéro spécial intitulé « La rhétorique en-dehors des sentiers battus » donne un aperçu de la carrière innovante et marquante de Selber dans le domaine de la rhétorique numérique. De la monographie primée de Selber, Multiliteracies for a Digital Age, parue en 2004, à sa toute dernière monographie Institutional Literacies : Engaging Academic IT Contexts for Writing and Communication, nous discutons de la manière dont les littératies et les paysages de la rhétorique numérique ont changé de manière significative et continueront à changer alors que nous entrons dans une ère où se multiplient les préoccupations en matière de protection de la vie privée, de deep fakes et d’IA générative. Le travail du professeur Selber est un excellent exemple de la façon dont la recherche en rhétorique numérique contemporaine révolutionne le domaine de la rhétorique traditionnelle et l’enseignement de la littératie, en réélaborant ses notions de base et en élargissant ses applications futures.
L’activité étudiante durant la crise sanitaire d’un point de vue ergologique : la question des initiatives prises par rapport à un champ de contraintes préexistantes
Authors: Denny Jean-Luc , Durrive Louis
Published: April 2024

La pandémie de la Covid-19 constitue une urgence de santé publique. Si la majorité des études documente les effets délétères du confinement en termes d’apprentissages (accentuation des inégalités, décrochage, etc.), notre recherche se propose plutôt de mettre en visibilité des effets bénéfiques.Menée au cœur de l’événement entre mars et juin 2020, à l’heure du premier confinement en France, l’étude ambitionne d’instruire en quoi la rupture, produite par la transformation brutale du contexte d’enseignement, a pu faire expérience pour les apprenants en interprétant les faits par le prisme de la dialectique contrainte-initiative. En cohérence avec le point de vue anthropologique de Canguilhem sur l’activité humaine, le sujet de l’expérience est regardé selon une acception ergologique (Schwartz, 2000) comme un « corps-soi », qui est le concept d’unité de la personne vivant dans le monde et connaissant à travers son être tout entier.L’étude mobilise un groupe de huit étudiantes en licence 2 Sciences de l’Éducation et de la Formation. Le protocole de recherche se compose de deux focus groups et un entretien individuel intermédiaire par étudiante.Les résultats documentent comment les étudiantes entrent dans le champ des contraintes et reprennent l’initiative à trois niveaux : dans leur lien aux enseignants, dans leur relation au groupe de pairs et dans leur rapport aux savoirs. En définitive nous illustrons comment les étudiantes font l’expérience de l’autonomie, à distance de leurs repères habituels guidés par des enseignants habituellement perçus comme régulateurs et contrôleurs.
Penser la demande de changement culturel dans l’intervention ergonomique : défis et opportunités pour une démarche développementale
Authors: Nascimento Adélaïde
Published: April 2024

L’appel au changement culturel n’est pas nouveau et comprend un vaste panel de cibles. La toile de fond concerne le plus souvent les besoins de modifications de comportements des personnes au travail ou dans la cité. Mais de quoi s’agit-il au juste ? L’objectif de cet article est de proposer des perspectives conceptuelles et méthodologiques pour penser les demandes de changement culturel dans l’intervention ergonomique. D’un côté, un défi se pose à l’ergonomie quant au positionnement de la discipline sur les usages de la notion de culture et sa prise en compte dans les interventions. D’un autre côté, une opportunité se présente pour les ergonomes, car l’intervention ergonomique peut se présenter comme un accompagnement de ce fait culturel au travail. À partir de ses méthodes d’analyse d’activité et de conception tournées vers le développement, l’ergonomie serait susceptible de contribuer à une analyse située des aspects culturels au travail. Partant de la théorie historico-culturelle de l’activité, le texte se fonde sur des exemples de trois recherches-interventions, et propose par là des voies pour accompagner le dynamisme culturel au travail.
La vidéo interactive, une voie de développement pour l’activité des personnels de direction
Authors: Veyrac Hélène
Published: April 2024

Les managers de proximité sont amenés à organiser le travail d’agents tout en leur garantissant une qualité de vie au travail. Une tension entre ces deux enjeux a été vécue par un manager de proximité, proviseur adjoint d’un établissement d’enseignement, lorsqu’une enseignante lui a annoncé tardivement renoncer à accompagner un séjour scolaire pour difficultés privées qu’elle lui a exposées. Cette situation problème a servi de support pour une analyse du travail basée sur des simulations « en aveugle » de cette situation par sept autres managers de proximité et un chercheur. L’analyse des sept simulations permet de dégager des « issues » plus ou moins favorables à la qualité de vie au travail. La variabilité interindividuelle de l’activité en situation de simulation qui est mise en évidence structure la conception d’une vidéo interactive. Cette vidéo interactive est présentée. Elle vise à former à réduire les tensions évoquées. Les dimensions développementales des managers sont discutées sous l’angle des situations produites au cours du processus de conception de la vidéo interactive.
Représenter l’activité pour investiguer ses dimensions incarnée, spatio‑temporelle et collective
Authors: Bénézet Clémence , Leblanc Serge , Navarrete Mireille , Hossard Laure
Published: April 2024

Les agriculteurs en transition agroécologique testent et ajustent de nouvelles pratiques culturales. Ce processus de conception pas à pas d’un nouvel agrosystème peut être analysé via la description et la compréhension de l’activité des agriculteurs sur différentes échelles spatiales et temporelles et en interaction avec de multiples acteurs humains et non humains. Notre étude porte sur le parcours d’intégration de la pratique d’entretien des sols par traction équine développé, sur un temps long, par le viticulteur en coopération avec un prestataire de service. Nous mobilisons le programme de recherche du cours d’action (Theureau, 2015) pour investiguer trois dimensions de l’activité : incarnée, spatio-temporelle et collective. 18 entretiens de différentes natures ont eu lieu auprès de 3 viticulteurs et 3 prestataires. Pour explorer chaque dimension, des représentations externes de l’activité, articulées avec différents objets théoriques et concepts, ont été élaborées et utilisées pendant ces entretiens pour favoriser l’expression de l’expérience située des acteurs. Cette étude aboutit à plusieurs résultats originaux. Sous réserve que le chercheur soit attentif à préserver les conditions favorables pour les acteurs, les représentations externes de l’activité permettent d’accompagner l’explicitation par les acteurs de leur activité située dans ses trois dimensions. Ces représentations favorisent les appropriations mutuelles entre acteurs et chercheur de l’objet de recherche renforçant la plausibilité des données construites pendant l’étude. Enfin, les modélisations multidimensionnelles de l’activité permises par ces représentations pourraient être une ressource pour accompagner la conception de nouvelles expériences collaboratives entre humains et non-humains sur le temps long avec et pour les agriculteurs.
La fiction au service du réel ? L’énonciation des récits de faits divers dans l’émission radiophonique Hondelatte raconte
Authors: Neuvillers Marie-Caroline
Published: April 2024

Diffusée depuis 2016 sur Europe 1, Hondelatte raconte a su fédérer une communauté d’auditeurs fidèles autour de récits de faits divers racontés par son narrateur éponyme. Outre le contenu de ces histoires, le dispositif sonore et le ton du journaliste apparaissent comme des éléments clés du succès de l’émission : chaque récit repose sur l’incarnation de personnages par le narrateur, à travers des effets de voix mais aussi des sons d’ambiance et de la musique. En cherchant ainsi à produire un effet de réel, en matérialisant les événements et les actions racontés, la narration tend finalement à la fictionnalisation de ces récits.
Remote Teaching and Learning
Authors: Ganino Giovanni , Agrati Laura S.
Published: April 2024

Distance learning in the knowledge society, characterized by the massive use of information and communication technologies, is increasingly used and leads to teaching and learning methods that are different from conventional ones: use of networking, high degree of independence of the teaching path from spatial and temporal constraints, continuous monitoring of the learning level both through tracking and through frequent assessment and self-assessment, enhancement of multimedia and digital cognitive artifacts, enhancement of the interactive potential offered by computer-mediated communication and use of learning environments (SML) with socio-constructivist characteristics. This methodology includes teaching methods and strategies aimed at creating a new learning environment. The network becomes a school, a university, a place of formal and non-formal training, and is therefore an important area for experimentation and pedagogical research.
Research on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Based on Decision Implication
Authors: Zhang Shaoxia
Published: April 2024

Knowledge representation and reasoning based on decision implication is to perform an extremely compact representation of the decision information implied in data, and obtain all decision information in data by means of reasoning, based on the current representation. The existing research in logic and data aspects of decision implication proposes a set of decision implications with information integrity and extreme simplicity (non-redundancy and optimality), i.e., decision implication canonical basis (DICB), which lays a solid foundation for constructing a knowledge representation and reasoning framework in formal contexts. This chapter conducts a systematic and in-depth study on the important issues of knowledge representation capability, and incomplete formal context adaptability of decision implication, and reasoning based on decision implications.
AI in Finance and Banking
Authors: Manoharan Geetha , Nithya G. , Rajchandar K. , Razak Abdul , Gupta Swati , Durai Subhashini , Ashtikar Sunitha Prurushottam
Published: April 2024

To predict behavior, machines organize and analyze data. It transformed BFSI merchandise delivery. Corporate banking AI automates tasks, detects fraud, boosts investment profits, has chatbots, and predicts market trends. This research examines AI's role, functions, applications, trends, benefits, and drawbacks in finance and banking. The financial industry is transformed by AI in customer experiences, fraud detection, risk management, and task automation. Finance AI helps but falters in data quality, accountability, and compliance. Fintech solutions like digital wallets, blockchain, embedded finance, AI-driven chatbots, RPA, fraud prevention, and personalized services are improving financial services. AI enhances banking and financial customer service, fraud detection, risk management, and task automation, according to this study. Data quality, regulatory compliance, AI-driven chatbots, RPA, and fintech integration are covered. The chapter concludes that AI can improve banking efficiency and accessibility.
A Review on Application of Artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Srivastava Sambhrant , Kumar Vijay , Singh Saurabh Kumar , Yadav Pankaj , Singh Brihaspati , Bhaskar Amit
Published: April 2024

Advances in science and technology are making mechatronic systems more common in mechanical engineering. AI is involved in this transition. Artificial intelligence (AI) is computer software that makes decisions on its own. Simulating professionals' intelligent behaviour boosts efficiency and product quality. Artificial intelligence systems have advanced since their creation. These systems are widely used in mechanical and industrial fields for image processing, intelligent perception, pattern recognition, and virtual reality. Automation and AI are common in industry and mechanics. This study examined AI in mechanical disciplines such heat transfer, production, design, and quality control. Research simulations show a variety of artificial intelligence systems that regulate mechanical manufacturing process components. ANNs, DCNN, CNN, fuzzy logic, and other AI are featured. Thus, new products and system development should be expedited. Mechanical engineering component rejections and faults may be eliminated using AI. Optimised systems can produce higher-quality, more expensive items.
Design for Manufacturing and Assembly for Holzwig-Based Dining Chairs and Table
Authors: Prakoso Indro , Miftahul Putra Anriady , Krisnawati Maria , Waluyo Sugeng
Published: April 2024

Due to the good potential of Holzewig products, which resemble the function of wood, PT. Pracetak Bangun Indonesia plans to make finished products ready for use by the general public. Because there are several constraints in the production process, such as product design, the product manufacturing process, and the assembly process, planning and design processes are needed. one that can be used to make production process choices, namely the Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DFMA) and Activity-Based Costing (ABC) methods for calculating the cost of production. By using the DFMA method to find proposals for the production process, the process of making a design proposal is not much different from the process of making a set of chairs and a dining table made of wood; it's just that there are some differences due to the different materials used, so that the types of tools and assembly materials are different. The cost of goods sold obtained for making a set of chairs and tables consisting of 2 chairs and 1 table is 987,333.73. Holzewig material can be used in place of wood as an alternative for furniture products because its overall weighing value is just 0,001 less than that of wood.
Development Web-Based Economic Data Application of Nu DIY Using Extreme Programming
Authors: Millatina Dina , Nursidik Hikmah , Ahmadi Maulana Yusuf , Wonoseto Muhammad Galih
Published: April 2024

The Nahdlatul Ulama economic institution (LPNU) DIY needs data as soon as possible to be used as a reference in formulating policies in order to improve the welfare of its members. Researchers made the web-based NUEcon application for data collection on the NU DIY economy to help make it easier for LPNU DIY to collect data. The method used is extreme programming (XP). XP can accept changes with a short development time even in a small team. The test results show that NUEcon can help facilitate NU DIY economic data collection.
Analysis of the Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Cement Composite Produced with Brake Lining Waste
Authors: Palma e Silva João Batista Lamari , Lintz Rosa Cristina Cecche , Gachet Luísa Andréia
Published: April 2024

Cement composites such as mortars and concretes with electrically conductive properties, have different uses, such as electromagnetic shielding, electrical grounding, cathodic protection, vehicle traffic monitoring, and the detection of strains and cracks in buildings. However, for these composites to have their electrical conductivity increased, it is necessary to incorporate electrically conductive materials, such as metals and carbon. Nonetheless, such materials tend to be expensive, which makes the manufacture of the composite more expensive. In this sense, using waste materials can help reduce costs and minimize impacts on the environment. Therefore, cement mortars were produced in this research with waste of brake linings from heavy vehicles, which may contain metallic and carbon-based materials. The mortars produced had part of the sand replaced by up to 70% crushed waste, which was submitted for analysis of compressive strength and electrical impedance. Preliminary results showed a decrease in the impedance (showing a trend of increasing electrical conductivity) of mortars with brake lining waste compared to mortars without waste, as well as a decrease in compressive strength. Finally, the use of brake lining waste in the production of cement composites can help reduce the consumption of natural resources as well as minimize the disposal of waste in landfills, which in both cases contributes to the sustainability of the environment.
Bakpia Quality Control Analysis Using the Statistical Quality Control (SQC) Method (Case Study: SMEs Bakpia Latief, Kediri)
Authors: Heryanto Andika Yuli
Published: April 2024

Bakpia is made from green beans and sugar wrapped in flour. Bakpia Latief Kediri is a bakpia industry in the City of Kediri. The company needs help in the production process activities. There are still products that need to be fixed. The types of it defects in the company are burnt and cracked. This study aimed to determine the performance of its quality control, determine the most dominant types of defects in its products, and provide suggestions for improving its production process. The research method uses the Statistical Quality Control method. Data is taken in the form of primary data and secondary data. Primary data was collected by interview and observation. Interviews were conducted using in-depth interviews. Observations were made for 30 days. Data analysis uses statistical tools, which include check sheets, histograms, fishbone diagrams, Pareto diagrams, and control charts p. Bakpia quality control at Bakpia Latief is under control because the p chart control chart shows that only one point is out of the control limits. The most dominant defect in its products is burnt, with an average percentage of 0.617%. Corrective actions to reduce the existence of defective products, namely repairing and maintaining production machines, improving the stages of the production process, developing human resources, and repairing production facilities. Keywords: Product Defects, Quality Control, Statistical Quality Control
Cyber Crime Identifying Using Machine Learning Techniques - Based Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Yunitasari Yessi , Sofyana Latjuba S.T.T. , Siregar Maria Ulfah
Published: April 2024

Social media analytics is a form of information analytics that is quite important in today's cyber situation. Cybercrime is criminal behaviour based on computers and internet networks. Cybercriminals usually hack systems to obtain the personal information of victims. There are many types of cybercrimes. There are four types of cybercrimes: Phishing scams, Hacking, Cyber Stalking and Cyber Bullying. This research aims to help the process analysis by the Police or investigative institutions of the private sector in knowing the results of public sentiment on social media related to current cyber crimes. Ciber Crime identifying using machine learning techniques, based sentiment analysis. Method used for sentiment analysis related to cybercrime is Random Forest, Naïve Bayes, and KNN. The highest accuracy value of the three methods tried is the Naive Bayes algorithm of 99.45%. The highest precision value uses the Naive Bayes algorithm of 99.80%, and the highest recall value uses the random forest algorithm of 100%.
Household Water Supply in Yogyakarta (Indonesia) and Hanoi (Vietnam)
Authors: Khusnuryani Arifah , Sulistiyowati Eka
Published: April 2024

This research explores water users’ perceptions regarding access, quantity, quality and water treatments in urban area of Yogyakarta and Hanoi. This research’s approach is qualitative and descriptive. The case studied was in the City of Yogyakarta, Indonesia and Hanoi Vietnam. Subjects were chosen using snowballing techniques. The result showed there was similar perceptions among respondents in both cities, in terms of access, quantity, and quality of water. All respondents decribed that they have adequate access to water supply, whether provided by the water company or derived from dug well. Repondents’s perceptions showed a degree of satisfaction with the quantity of water but a slight concern of quality.
Neural Network Synchronization of the Morris-Lecar Neuron Model Coupled with Short-Term Plasticity (STP)
Authors: Yuniati Anis , Dwi Astuti Retno
Published: April 2024

This study used the Morris-Lecar (ML) neuron model coupled with Short-Term Plasticity (STP) to simulate neuronal connectivity and synaptic patterns. We analyze this neural network synchronization activity, examined the post-synaptic conductance patterns in the modelled neural network, investigated the dynamics of the neural network membrane potentials in the synchronous state, and analyze the Short-Term Plasticity (STP) synaptic transmission patterns by varying the inter-neuron connection probability for both inhibitory (pi) and excitatory (pe). This computational-based study was executed using Brian2 Simulator. The results revealed that the higher the connection probability, the more connections and synapses are formed. The greater value of pe, the more synchronous the neural network activity. In contrast, the higher value of pi, the less synchronous the neural network activity. A synchronous neural network implies that the spikes occur coincidentally, where coincidental spikes lead to easily detectable membrane potentials and postsynaptic conductance. Furthermore, spikes affect the release of neurotransmitters, thereby affecting synaptic transmission patterns. We further determined the frequency of this neural network synchronization.
Air Pollution Drives Macrophage Senescence through a Phagolysosome–15-Lipoxygenase Pathway
Authors: Thomas Sarah A , Yong Hwan Mee , Rule Ana M , Gour Naina , Lajoie Stephane
Published: April 2024

Urban particulate matter (PM; uPM) poses significant health risks, particularly to the respiratory system. Fine particles, such as PM2.5, can penetrate deep into the lungs and exacerbate a range of health problems, including emphysema, asthma, and lung cancer. PM exposure is also linked to extrapulmonary disorders such as heart and neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, prolonged exposure to elevated PM levels can reduce overall life expectancy. Senescence is a dysfunctional cell state typically associated with age but can also be precipitated by environmental stressors. This study aimed to determine whether uPM could drive senescence in macrophages, an essential cell type involved in particulate phagocytosis-mediated clearance. Although it is known that uPM exposure impairs immune function, this deficit is multifaceted and incompletely understood, partly because of the use of particulates such as diesel exhaust particles as a surrogate for true uPM. uPM was collected from several locations in the United States, including Baltimore, Houston, and Phoenix. Bone marrow–derived macrophages were stimulated with uPM or reference particulates (e.g., diesel exhaust particles) to assess senescence-related parameters. We report that uPM-exposed bone marrow–derived macrophages adopt a senescent phenotype characterized by increased IL-1α secretion, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and diminished proliferation. Exposure to allergens failed to elicit such a response, supporting a distinction between different types of environmental exposure. uPM-induced senescence was independent of key macrophage activation pathways, specifically inflammasome and scavenger receptors. However, inhibition of the phagolysosome pathway abrogated senescence markers, supporting this phenotype’s attribution to uPM phagocytosis. These data suggest that uPM exposure leads to macrophage senescence, which may contribute to immunopathology.
Behavioral prevention of HBV transmission in urban communities toward global elimination of hepatitis in 2030: a systematic review
Authors: Diniarti Fiya , Said Mohamed Saifulaman Mohamed , Rashid Norhashima Abd , Poddar Sandeep
Published: April 2024

Hepatitis B is a serious threat to public health on a global scale. The Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which spreads both vertically and horizontally, is easily contracted by anyone. In 2020, the World Health Organization estimates that 257 million people worldwide have hepatitis B, and 900,000 people die from it each year. According to the World Health Organization (2021), there are approximately 39.4 million people in Southeast Asia living with chronic hepatitis B mortality, with 410,000 deaths caused by the disease.  HBV can spread through injections, horizontal transmission, blood transfusions, and organ transplants. Cochrane, Science Direct, PubMed, Elsevier, Sage, Willey, DOAJ, and Google Scholar database sources were used to search for supported research on how to prevent hepatitis virus transmission in urban communities. 15 publications address the primary and secondary prevention of hepatitis B transmission in urban settings. Prevention keeps a person in good health and prevents them from progressing to a later, worse stage. Given that the hepatitis B virus can infect anyone, regardless of age, and that it affects people's health worldwide, as well as their families, communities, and families within them. In order to eradicate the hepatitis B virus, society must be aware of the importance of implementing preventive measures on a continuous and long-term basis through health advocacy activities, hepatitis B virus screening campaigns, health education, counseling, hepatitis B vaccination with community-based activities, and secondary prevention through combination therapy treatment in post-liver transplant patients.
Design and test of an efficient seedling pick-up device with a combination of air jet ejection and mechanical action
Authors: Han Luhua , Ma Haorui , Mo Menghan , Kumi Francis , Hu Jianping , Mao Hanping
Published: April 2024

Low degree of transplanting automation will affect production efficiency and planting quality in vegetable cultivation. A new seedling pick-up device was designed and constructed to reduce direct grasping damages to seedlings and improve transplanting efficiency. The pick-up device consists of an air jet loosening device, a flexible pick-up manipulator, a parallel feeding device, and a multi-axis motion control system. Its working principle is to use air jet ejection to assist in loosening of seedling roots from the tray cells, grasp their stems for extracting with the pick-up manipulator, and finally transfer them to the delivery device for feeding into the planting device as needed. The mechanical structure and working parameters of each component were designed, and the control system was constructed according to the working requirements of ejecting, extracting, transferring, and discharging operations. A prototype of the new pick-up device was constructed, and its performance evaluation was conducted using an orthogonal experimental design using cucumber, pepper and caluiflower as test objects. The results showed that the test object, the root lump's moisture content and the loosening way (either as a whole or individual loosening of seedlings) had significant effects on the success ratio in picking up seedlings. Overall, the success in picking up seedlings from the cell was found to be influenced by horticultural and mechanical factors. Under the optimal level group, the maximum success ratio for automatic picking up seedlings was up to 94.49% for pepper while that of cucumber and cauliflower recorded 90.75% and 92.62%, respectively. The seedling pick-up performance was satisfactory for efficient transplanting requirements.