bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of vaccinated critical COVID-19 patients: A case series from a low middle-income country
Authors: Abdul Ghaffar Waleed Bin , Alam Muhammad Mehmood , Ghaffar Waleed Bin , Khan Muhammad Faisal , Sohaib Muhammad
Published: February 2023

Background: Vaccination plays an important role in the prevention of some infectious diseases but does it change the outcome in critically ill patients is obscure. Though vaccination leads to decreased emergency and hospital admission, still the vaccinated patients with severe diseases requiring intensive care are being reported. This case series reports the outcome of 20 critically ill patients admitted to the COVID Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

Methodology: All vaccinated patients admitted to COVID-ICU at the University Hospital between January 2021 and June 2021 were reviewed. The demographics, comorbidities, vaccination status, systemic manifestations, organ support, complications, pharmacological therapy, outcome and length of ICU as well as hospital stay were recorded. To draw a comparison for all the demographics and clinical characteristics of patients, stratification analysis was performed for the outcome variables.

Results: A total of 20 patients were included in the study among which only 7 (35%) survived. The mortality rate for patients over 60 was 84.6 %. Four of the patients had no comorbidities and all of them survived. Among the complications, acute kidney injury was the most common (70%). The median (IQR) ICU stay was 10 (7) days and hospital stay was 13.5 (11) days.

Conclusions: The vaccinated patients admitted with COVID-19 ICU had a poor outcome and irrespective of the type of vaccine. The factors leading to increased mortality in this group of patients were male gender, age ≥ 60 years, and associated chronic medical illness.

Key words: COVID-19, COVID-19 Vaccines; Critical Care Outcomes; Hospital-Associated Pneumonia; Respiratory Insufficiency

Citation: Abdul Ghaffar MB, Alam MM, Ghaffar WB, Khan MF, Sohaib M. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of vaccinated critical COVID-19 patients: A case series from a low middle-income country. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(6):811−815.

DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i6.2058
Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Prfoesionalisme Guru dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Siswa di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Swasta Minhajul Ulum Kecamatan Pujut Kabupaten Lombok Tengah
Authors: Mashuri Lalu Muh Hatim , Wahyudiati Dwi
Published: February 2023

This study is to describe the principalof the leadership, teacher professionalism, and the principal's efforts in improving student learning outcomes at Islamic Junior High School Minhajul Ulum Pujut District Central Lombok Regency. The research method uses descriptive qualitative. The research subjects were principals, teachers and students of eight grade at Islamic Junior High School Minhajul Ulum Pujut District. Interview, observation, and documentation methods were used as data collection techniques. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results showed that (1) the leadership quality of the principal in improving teacher performance was in accordance with the research indicators, namely the principal as an innovator, supervisor, and motivator. (2) Teacher professionalism during learning is not in accordance with research indicators, namely the ability to plan, carry out learning activities, and conduct evaluations, there are still teachers who cannot control the class during learning(3) School principals' efforts to improve teacher performance by: (a) ensuring learning plans, (b) evaluation with direct monitoring, (c) developing teacher professionalism (d) quality improvement and (e) provision of wifi/internet facilities in schools. (4)The impact of the quality of the principal's leadership and teacher professionalism has a positive effect on improving the Civics learning performance of eight grade at Islamic Junior High School Minhajul Ulum Pujut District Central Lombok Regency.
Kepemimpinan Perempuan dalam Lembaga Pendidikan Islam (Studi Kasus di Pondok Pesantren Syaikh Zainuddin NW Anjani)
Authors: Aulia Hesti Dina , Citriadin Yudin , Thohri Muhammad
Published: February 2023

Leadership is the act of a leader in achieving educational goals. Its main action affects other people. In this study, researchers focused on three things, namely: (1) What is the policy-making strategy for women leaders in Islamic education institutions at MAK Hamzanwadi II? (2) What is the teacher's perception of women's leadership at MAK Hamzanwadi II? (3) What are the obstacles to women's leadership in Islamic educational institutions at MAK Hamzanwadi II?. The research method used is a qualitative method of case study research. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques use data reduction, data condensation, data presentation, and verification. Test the validity of the data using credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability. The results of this study are (1) Leadership Policy Making Strategy at MAK Hamzanwadi II, namely implementing a decision-making strategy through initial identification of problem parts, formulation of problem solving objectives, and determination of criteria for selecting alternative solutions which become a set of decisions or policies. Decision making efforts are carried out by inviting the presence of the teacher council in a special meeting then explaining an issue related to the decision to be taken. (2) The teacher's perception of women's leadership at MAK Hamzanwadi II is that they have been accepted as figures who have managerial abilities and are nurturing. Institutional progress received affirmation from its subordinates as a form of emancipatory awareness strengthened by religious awareness. (3) Obstacles to female leaders in Islamic education institutions are firstly personal barriers based on perceptual barriers that arise from feelings of inappropriateness as leaders. The two relational barriers are in the form of communication barriers both in understanding the message and in the policy outreach strategy.
Implementasi Metode Rabbani dalam Pembelajaran Tahfidz Al-Qur'an Santriwati Kelas XII
Authors: Maria Siti Ratna , Mujib Lalu Supriadi Bin , Azis Abdul
Published: February 2023

The aims of this research was to know the implementation of the Rabbani method in learning of the tahfidz Al-Qur'an at the Al-Ikhlas Taliwang Modern Islamic Boarding School and Nurul Haramain NW Narmada Modern Islamic Boarding School, the obstacles and solutions. This research was qualitative research with multi-site study design. Data collection was carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Determination of informants used purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used interactive analysis techniques by Miles Hubermen and Saldana. The results of the research showed that: 1) Implementation of the Rabbani method in learning of tahfidz Al-Qur'an at Al-Ikhlas Taliwang Modern Islamic Boarding School and Nurul Haramain NW Narmada Modern Islamic Boarding School for females agreed with steps and stages contained in the instructions of use of the Rabbbani method, 2) Internal obstacles: the students did not master makharijul huruf and tajwid, forgot, and did not focus. External obstacles: the difficulty in distinguishing the similar verses, the difficulty in dividing the time and the limited number of teachers who master the Rabbani method. 3) Solutions: providing of motivation, internal approach, reading improvement (tahsin) of Al-Qur'an, tahfidz contact book, delivering the memorization (tasmi'), memorization repetition (muraja'ah), training of the Rabbani method, study visits, and taking notes on similar verses.
Why Smart Contracts Reported as Vulnerable were not Exploited?
Authors: Hu Tianyuan , Li Jingyue , Storhaug André , Li Bixin
Published: February 2023

As smart contracts process digital assets, their security is essential for blockchain applications. Many approaches have been proposed to detect smart contract vulnerabilities. Studies show that few of the reported vulnerabilities are exploited and hypothesize that many of the reported vulnerabilities are false positives. However, no follow-up study is performed to confirm the hypothesis and understand why the reported vulnerabilities are not exploited. In this study, we first collect 136,969 unique real-world smart contracts and analyze them using four vulnerability detectors, namely Oyente, SmartCheck, Slither, and SolDetector. Then, we apply Strauss’ grounded theory approach to manually analyze the source code of the smart contracts reported as vulnerable to recognizing false positives and understand the reasons for false results. In addition, we analyze the transaction logs of the smart contracts reported as vulnerable to identifying and understanding their exploitations. Our results show that 75.37% of the 4,364 smart contracts reported as vulnerable are false positives, and eleven reasons are causing the false positives. After analyzing the 4,106,134 transaction logs of the contracts reported as vulnerable, we find that vulnerabilities of only 67 (0.015%) of the contracts have been exploited in history. We also identify six reasons for demotivating and preventing the attackers from exploiting the vulnerabilities. Our results reveal that state-of-the-art smart contract vulnerability detectors primarily treat the smart contracts as yet another application developed using Object Oriented (OO) languages when analyzing and reporting the smart contract vulnerabilities. Without considering the specific design principles of the Solidity programming language and the characteristics of smart contracts' application scenarios and execution environments, many of the reported vulnerabilities are not exploitable or not cost-effective to be exploited by adversaries. 
Multivariable-Incorporating Super-Resolution Convolutional Neural Network for Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Simulation
Authors: Shin Minwoo , Peng Zhuogang , Kim Hyo-Jin , Yoo Seung-Schik , Yoon Kyungho
Published: February 2023

Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) has emerged as a new non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) modality, with its exquisite ability to reach deep brain areas at a high spatial resolution. Accurate placement of an acoustic focus to a target region of the brain is crucial during tFUS treatment; however, distortion of acoustic wave propagation through the intact skull casts challenges. High-resolution numerical simulation allows for monitoring of the acoustic pressure field in the cranium but also demands extensive computational loads. In this study, we adopt a super-resolution convolutional neural network (SRCNN) technique to enhance the prediction quality of the FUS acoustic pressure field in the targeted brain regions. The training dataset was acquired by numerical simulations performed at low-(1.0 mm) and high-resolutions (0.5 mm) on three ex vivo human calvaria. Five different 3D SRCNN models were trained by using a multivariable dataset, which incorporated information on the acoustic pressure field, wave velocity, and skull computed tomography (CT) images. We achieved an accuracy of 80.87±4.50% in predicting the focal volume with a substantial improvement of 86.91% in computational cost compared to the conventional high-resolution numerical simulation. The results suggest that the method can greatly reduce the simulation time without sacrificing accuracy. 
Machine Learning-based Approaches for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Diagnosis using Video and EEG Sensors: A Review
Authors: OTHMANI Alice , Brahem Bechir , Haddou Younes , Khan Mustaqueem
Published: February 2023

According to the World Health Organization, approximately 6 in 100 people suffer from Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at some point in their lives. PTSD is a mental disorder with a set of symptoms observed in a person following exposure to a life-threatening event or witness a death. The primary characteristic of PTSD is the persistence over time of certain symptoms: flashbacks, traumatic nightmares, acute stress and symptoms of depression. In a stressful situation, the whole body goes into tension. This has an energy cost and affects the voice, breathing, daily gestures and the face and which are referred to in this survey paper as external symptoms.

The diagnosis of PTSD is based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (also known by the acronym DSM) classification using standard questionnaires where the patient self-reports their condition based on their symptoms. Indeed, these questionnaires have several limitations and give an imprecise diagnosis. 

Sensors and wearable based technologies can play a key role in improving the diagnosis, the prognosis and the assistance of PTSD. Recently, Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems have been proposed for PTSD detection based on external symptoms and brain activity using video and EEG sensors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first survey paper that gives a literature overview of machine learning based approaches for PTSD diagnosis using video and EEG sensors. In addition, a comparison between existing approaches and a discussion about the potential avenues for future PTSD research is provided.
State Feedback Based Islanding Detection in Grid-Tied Distributed Resources with Zero Non-detection Zone
Authors: Maulik Sugoto , John Vinod
Published: February 2023

This paper presents a method for islanding detection of power-electronic interfaced grid-tied distributed energy resources. A dynamic phasor-based modeling approach is used to synthesize a state-space model of the islanded network. This model leads to the formation of a  generalized framework wherein the application of state feedback is designed to destabilize the islanded network. The proposed method can detect islands within one fundamental cycle of operation with passive loads of unity, lagging, and leading power factors. The detection scheme has a zero Non-detection Zone (NDZ), and detection times are within the  criteria suggested in IEEE Std. 1547-2018. 
A Survey on Digital Twins: Architecture, Enabling Technologies, Security and Privacy, and Future Prospects
Authors: wang yuntao , Su Zhou , Guo Shaolong , Dai Minghui , Luan Tom H. , Liu Yiliang
Published: February 2023

By interacting, synchronizing, and cooperating with its physical counterpart in real time, digital twin is promised to promote an intelligent, predictive, and optimized modern city. Via interconnecting massive physical entities and their virtual twins with inter-twin and intra-twin communications, the Internet of digital twins (IoDT) enables free data exchange, dynamic mission cooperation, and efficient information aggregation for composite insights across vast physical/virtual entities. However, as IoDT incorporates various cutting-edge technologies to spawn the new ecology, severe known/unknown security flaws and privacy invasions of IoDT hinders its wide deployment. Besides, the intrinsic characteristics of IoDT such as decentralized topology, information-centric routing and semantic communications entail critical challenges for security service provisioning in IoDT. To this end, this paper presents an in-depth review of the IoDT with respect to system architecture, enabling technologies, and security/privacy issues. Specifically, we first explore a novel distributed IoDT architecture with cyber-physical interactions and discuss its key characteristics and communication modes. Afterward, we investigate the taxonomy of security and privacy threats in IoDT, discuss the key research challenges, and review the state-of-the-art defense approaches. Finally, we point out the new trends and open research directions related to IoDT.
Exclusive female education starting from the European court society: perspectives on pedagogical analysis
Authors: Ferrari Monica
Published: February 2023

The essay discusses the theme of exclusive and exclusionary education starting from the growth paths of the princesses who lived at the European courts between the XV and XVII centuries, with the purpose of posing questions and research challenges so far only partially addressed. Also thanks to the wealth of available sources, the female éducation princière turns out to be a fertile ground for pedagogical analysis, useful to delineate heuristic categories and perspectives instrumental to the deconstruction of complex phenomena and the identification of more or less explicit signs of discrimination within identity processes, yesterday as today.
A bodily grammar configuration. The visible, the invisible, and the non-visible as the foundation of images and bodies in motion
Authors: Galak Eduardo Lautaro
Published: February 2023

The birth of cinematography as a device that acts on bodies allows us to think of informative documentary cinema as a resource to understand what is considered right to show and interpret the senses of reality that we intend to project through this show. With the mass production of celluloid-based films in the 1920s and 1930s, moving images gave new meaning to what can be considered correct movement, thereby establishing a bodily grammar. That implies methods, sequences, distances, and distinctive harmonies: film editing has produced particular ways of perceiving bodies in motion, articulated in the construction of a correct narrative, with the establishment of certain techniques. For this reason, the proposal is to analyze old images of bodily practices filmed for educational purposes, which represent a succession of documentary shots of people who perform physical activities in front of the camera with the intent of transmitting a message from reproduction. It is thus possible to observe a clear distance with the current registers and a homogenization, succession, and simultaneity of the techniques (corporeal and cinematographic), which produce the configuration of what is visible, invisible, and non-visible in images and in moving bodies. In the background, I propose to think of the oldest surviving moving images of L’École Normale Militaire de Gymnastique de Joinville-Le-Pont, the place where (modern) physical education and the technology that allowed cinema was born, thanks to the works of scientists Étienne Jules Marey and Georges Demeny.
Jurisprudencia contencioso-administrativa
Authors: Cominges Cáceres Francisco De
Published: February 2023

Crónica de jurisprudencia contencioso-administrativa
LABOUR ANALGESIA AND THE RISK OF POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION
Authors: Romanenko Anastasiia , Bielka Kateryna
Published: February 2023

The aim: To find association between postpostpartum depression incidence and mode of labour analgesia.
Materials and methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted at the Kyiv City Maternity Hospital №5 (from March 2020 to May 2021). Using google-form and face-to-face interviews, 321 women completed Childbirth Experience Questionnaire on the 2- 3-rd day in the postpartum period. After the first survey, only 35% of women agreed to screen for postpartum depression (PPD) by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Univariate logistic regression method was used to assess the risk relation between PPD and factors.
Results: Women who used nitrous oxide (50:50) and non-pharmacological methods of labour analgesia were associated with the decreased risk of PPD (p = 0,044), OR = 2.83 (95% CI 1,03–7,79), compared to women with patient-control epidural analgesia. On the other hand, there are factors which do not have impact on the risk of depressive symptoms, such as age (p = 0,266); parity (p = 0,713); mode of delivery (p=0,959); pain intensity (p=0,931).
Conclusions: Our findings confirmed the association between nitrous oxide and the alternative methods of labour analgesia usage and decreased risk of development PPD.
DOSE DEPENDENCE OF SUBCHRONIC INFLUENCING OF ACETAMIPRID ON THE ORGANISM OF RATS FROM DATA OF MORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCHES
Authors: Didenko Maria M. , Yastrub Tatyana O. , Hrygorieva Kateryna V. , Dontsova Dariya O.
Published: February 2023

The aim: To determine the dose dependence of the subchronic effect of acetamiprid on the body of rats based on the data of morphological studies of internal organs.
Materials and methods: The experiment was performed on Wistar Han rats, which were orally administered acetamiprid in doses of 6, 12 and 60 mg/kg for 13 weeks. During the experiment, clinical studies were carried out, the general condition of the animals, body weight were assessed. After necropsy, the absolute and relative weight of internal organs was determined, and morphological studies of the brain, liver, kidneys, and spleen were performed with using an Olympus BX 54 light microscope and an Olympus C-5050 ZOOM camera with software Olympus DP-Soft. The research results were subjected to statistical processing using the Microsoft Excel 2010 computer program package.
Results: The most pronounced manifestations of the toxic effect of acetamiprid were observed at a dose of 60 mg/kg, which indicated its hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects, as well as neurotoxic effects with signs of irreversible neurocyte damage.
Conclusions: Morphological studies showed a dose-dependent nature and degree of expressiveness of the toxic effect of acetamiprid. According to the totality and nature of the changes revealed in the conditions of the conducted subchronic experiment on rats, no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was determined at the level of 12 mg/kg, no observed effect level (NOEL) – 6 mg/kg.
EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY OF CHEWING IN PATIENTS WITH ONCOPATHOLOGY OF THE ORAL CAVITY
Authors: Kushta Anna O.
Published: February 2023

The aim: The aim of this work is assessment of masticatory efficacy in patients with oral tumors with different localization and severity.
Materials and methods: The analysis of masticatory efficiency in dynamics was carried out with the help of two-color chewing gum in 29 patients with tumors of the tongue, oral mucosa and mandible. The study was performed at the time of hospitalization and on day 7 after surgery.
Results: After surgery, masticatory parameters decreased compared to baseline and did not recover on the 7th day after surgery. In patients diagnosed with stage I-III mandibular cancer, masticatory values are below 0.5 (0.34 ± 0.04; 0.28 ± 0.03; 0.24 ± 0.03), indicating poor food bolus formation (p<0.05).
Conclusions: This method is informative for the formation of the food bolus, which takes into account not only the presence of teeth, but also the function of the muscles involved in chewing. The extent of soft tissue defects plays a more important role in chewing than the presence of dentition and jaw defects. The presence of even 8-10 teeth on the upper and lower jaws may be sufficient for satisfactory grinding and chewing, with a mixed fraction of up to 0.75.
PLACENTAL BIOMARKERS: PP13, VEGF IN DIAGNOSTICS OF EARLY AND LATE PREECLAMPSIA
Authors: Piskun Alina , Dmytro Konkov , Honcharenko Oksana , Rud Victor , Klimas Larisa
Published: February 2023

The aim: To investigate role of CD23, VEGF and PP13 in diagnostics of early and late preeclampsia, and their benefit for prediction of preeclampsia.
Materials and methods: Investigation included 40 placentas from deliveries in women with preeclampsia (main group) and 40 placentas from physiological delivery in somatically healthy women, who had no complications during pregnancy (control group). Placentas in the main group were devided into two sub-groups (20 in each) – with early and late preeclampsia. Each group underwent both hystomorphometrical and immunohystochemical investigation with biomarkers CD23, VEGF and PP13.
Results: Positive immunohystochemical reaction to PP13 was determined in all samples of syncitiotrophoblast of villi of chorion. Investigations showed that expression of PP13 in sub-groups with early and late preeclampsia was a lot lower comparing to control group (normal pregnancies). Positive immunohystochemical reaction to VEGF was determined in all samples of endothelia of the capillaries of the villi of chorion. Our investigation showed that expression of VEGF in sub-groups with early and late PE was a lot lower comparing to a control group. Immunohystochemical reaction to CD23 was comperatively lower in all samples in endothelia of the capillariesof the villi of chorion and cyncithiotrophoblast.
Conclusions: Determined specialties of the expression of angiogenic factors ( PlGF, VEGF, endoglin) and production of PP13, by altered expression of VEGF, PlGF in first trimester of pregnancy, which is associated with lowest production of PP13, accompanied by placental dysfunction and preeclampsia.
POTENTIAL PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF NIMODIPINE FROM CEREBRAI ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY IN RATS
Authors: Fakharaldeen Zainab , Al-Mudhafar Ahmed , Radhi Ali , Hadi Najah
Published: February 2023

The aim: To see whether nimodipine had neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Materials and methods: A total of 28 adult male Sprauge-dawley rats weighting 200-300 g were distributed randomly into 4 groups (7 animals in each group): sham (neck dissection without bilateral common carotid artery occlusion), control (bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 30 minutes and reperfusion for 1 hour), vehicle (7 days of daily carboxymethylcellulose by oral gavage followed by bilateral carotid artery occlusion and reperfusion), and nimodipine-treated rats (7 days of 3 mg/kg/day of oral Azelnidipine pretreatment then bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and reperfusion). Besides assessment of histological changes and brain infarct volume, the brain tissues were sectioned to estimate NF-κB p65, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, ICAM-1 and total anti-oxidant capacity.
Results: Cerebral NF-κB p65, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, ICAM-1, in addition to cerebral infarct size were markedly increased in control and vehicle related to sham rats, while total anti-oxidant capacity was considerably decreased. Treatment with nimodipine resulted in remarkable increment of total anti-oxidant capacity, while NF-κB p65, IL-6, TNF-α, and ICAM-1 showed great reduction. Cerebral IL-10 levels didn’t change by nimodipine treatment. Histologically, control and vehicle rats showed severe brain ischemic changes which is dramatically reduced by nimodipine treatment.
Conclusions: Our study results revealed that nimodipine can greatly decrease cerebral infarct size and reduce histological ischemic injury in male rats subjected to cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion. The neuroprotective actions of nimodipine possibly originated from its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. Nimodipine protection was unrelated to IL-10.
THE EFFECT OF WORSHIP FACILITIES, HALAL FOOD AND ISLAMIC MORALITY ON THE DECISIONS OF MUSLIM TOURISTS VISITING THE TOURISM VILLAGE OF KAMPOENG LAMA PALOH NAGA, PANTAI LABU DISTRICT, DELI SERDANG REGENCY
Authors: Adit Masditou
Published: February 2023

Worship Facilities, Halal Food and Drinks and Islamic Morality together contribute to each other in linking the system to achieve / meet the needs of tourists so that this will be significant to Muslim Tourist Decisions. The prospects in this area are potential areas and strategies to be managed and developed in supporting the momentum of halal tourism. In this case, to realize halal tourism facilities, there are several supporting indicators, namely worship, halal food and drinks, and Islamic morality. With this strategic area and great potential, making the Kampoeng Lama Paloh Naga Tourism Village to develop in seeing the tourism sector that has Islamic values ​​or better known as halal tourism. Quantitative derivation method is used as an analytical technique in this case study. Where the correlation hypothesis testing and regression analysis between variables will be carried out using an error rate approach of 5% and a confidence level of 95%. The data collected in the form of numbers are then parsed and researched in order to get some information that interprets these numbers. Each variable operates separately from the dependent variable. The findings of this study. Facilities and halal food and beverages have a positive and significant effect on the decisions of Muslim tourists by 56.70% in the tourist village of Kampoeng Lama Paloh Naga, Pantai Labu District, Deli Serdang Regency.
Penggunaan Bumbu Andaliman Sebagai Bahan Utama Dalam Pengolahan Makanan (Studi Kasus Pembuatan Pizza Andaliman) Di Restoran Pizza Andaliman Balige Kabupaten Toba
Authors: Murni Narwastu
Published: February 2023

Andaliman pizza has a special taste. Andaliman pizza is processed by gently grinding andaliman, then sliced lemongrass, carrot parts, cabbage flowers, far beans and spring onions. After that the sausage part, soft slices of cheese and the tomato part become a garnish or accessory on the top of the pizza. This study has a purpose, namely to identify customer assumptions about the characteristics of pizza andaliman, to analyze customer attitudes to pizza andaliman, and to analyze customer actions to pizza andaliman. The data analysis procedure used in this study is to use SWOT analysis. There is also a final result from this study if Andaliman Pizza is one of the powerhouses for foreign tourists who are curious about its taste and texture
Utilization of Corn in Making Flour as an Alternative Availability of Food Commodities in Restaurants in Sitinjo Village, Dairi District
Authors: Sitepu Muhammad Rizal
Published: February 2023

Corn flour is a fine grain that comes from crushed dry corn. Processing of corn into flour is recommended compared to other semi-finished products, because flour is more resistant to storage, easy to mix, can be enriched with nutrients (fortification), and is more practical and easy to use for further processing. This study aims to determine the quality of corn flour from several different processing processes. The research was carried out in Sitinjo Village, Dairi Regency, from April to May 2022. This study used corn as raw material for variety B 89, with 3 treatments of corn flour processing, namely: without soaking/milling shelled corn directly into flour (A); soaking in plain water overnight (B); and soaking in 1% tape yeast solution overnight (C). Observations were made on the nutritional content of corn flour (moisture content, ash content, protein content, fat content, crude fiber content, and carbohydrates), and economic analysis of corn flour from each processing process tested, then data analysis was carried out descriptively. The results showed that: corn flour made by soaking in 10% yeast solution (C), had a higher protein and coarse fiber content than treatments A (without soaking) and B (soaking in plain water). The process of making corn flour without soaking (A), gave the highest profit compared to the treatment of immersion in plain water (B) and immersion in 10% tape yeast solution (C), with an R/C ratio of 2.38.
Pola Perjalanan Wisata Di Desa Wisata Tipang Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan Tapanuli Utara
Authors: Pakpahan Rosdiana
Published: February 2023

Salah satu tempat yang memiliki potensi wisata yang besar adalah kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan. Sama seperti daerah lainnya di Sumatera Utara, Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan memiliki banyak destinasi wisata yang berpotensi cukup besar untuk menarik minat wisawatan. Desa Wisata Tipang merupakan salah satu desa wisata unggulan yang ada di Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan.

Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan guna mendapat data antara lain: wawancara, observasi, studi pustaka, dan studi dokumentasi. Serta dilakukannya wawancara mendalam maka pada penelitian ini diambil partisipan sebagai berikut: Ketua Pokdarwis Desa Wisata Tipang, Kepala Desa Tipang serta anggota Pokdarwis Desa Wisata Tipang. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif.

Pola perjalanan single point dan chaining loop merupakan skema perjalanan yang baik diterapkan di Desa Wisata Tipang karena pada pola perjalanan single point kesediaan berupa akses jalan yang hanya satu jalur sehingga alur keberangkatan hingga alur pulang akan melewati jalur yang sama. Sedangkan pada pola chaining loop pada jalur lainnya saat akan menuju antar daya tarik wisata jalur yang dilewati kembali tidak sama sehingga tidak melewati rute yang sama maka pola perjalanan berbentuk chaining loop.
Penerapan Community Based Tourism (CBT) Dalam Upaya Pengembangan Pariwisata di Tangkahan Kabupaten Langkat
Authors: Khairi Nurhafizhah
Published: February 2023

Tangkahan is a tourist attraction that moves on the potential of ecotourism with good community involvement. The concept of CBT (Community Based Tourism) is applied to realize the management of tourism by involving local communities, forming institutional tangkahan tourist attraction and community business groups. Stakeholders involved in the management of tourist attractions consist of community groups, government and private organizations that have their respective roles in realizing tangkahan Tourism Development. This study uses qualitative research that uses a community-based research model as a community effort to provide support, strength, resources, and participation in the research process to create informative research products. Data sources in this study are primary and secondary data sources with observation data collection techniques, interviews and documentation, data analysis using data collection stages, data condensation, data presentation and conclusion. The results showed that tangkahan tourism development comes from the initiative of local communities who have a common understanding that the village has a growing tourism potential. The creation of the tangkahan ecowosata development program and the emergence of community businesses as a form of tangkahan tourism development results. Based on the findings of researchers Tangkahan Tourism Institute managed to build community kelolmpok coordinated in writing and cooperate with the private sector and the Institute of Mount Lauser National Park with the same synergy to keep and menjadikawan Tangkahan area awake and attract more tourists.

Keywords: tourism, Community Based Tourism (CBT), community
La producción doctoral y los transmétodos
Authors:   UNIVERSIDAD DE CARABOBO, Venezuela, Rodríguez Rosselys
Published: February 2023

El presente artículo tuvo como finalidad investigar el nivel de avance sobre el uso de los transmétodos en la producción doctoral generada durante los años (2015-2020). Se utilizó una metodología de tipo documental, que incluyó la selección y sistematización de la bibliografía relacionada con los puntos de interés, utilizando la herramienta Zotero y el software de análisis cualitativo Atlas Ti.8. Entre los hallazgos se precisaron, primero, el académico que se motive a realizar un doctorado debe conocer su significado y las implicaciones del proceso de formación; segundo, el desarrollo de un trabajo doctoral en el marco de una sociedad inestable debe plantearse desde una metodología que se acople a su complejidad como medio para develar la realidad a través de un proceso interdisciplinar y dialógico; y, tercero, las investigaciones confeccionadas desde la transcomplejidad son de un alto nivel académico, pues en ellas se demostró la capacidad de diseñar una estructura metodológica novedosa y el uso de multimétodos para la alcanzar una construcción teórica. Se concluye que cuando se desea realizar un doctorado, los aspirantes deben informarse acerca del significado e implicaciones del proceso de formación, además de las competencias a fortalecer para alcanzar la realización de la producción doctoral. Palabras clave: doctorado; investigación; metodología; transcomplejidad; transmétodos.
Analisis Usahatani Padi di Selogiri Wonogiri
Authors: Rohmaniyah Nila Nur , Ekowati Titik , Prastiwi Wahyu Dyah
Published: February 2023

Farming activities are a source of farmers' income and are expected to be profitable or provide maximum profits to implement business sustainability. The aim research was to analyze the profitability and factors that influence the income of rice farming in Selogiri. The study was conducted from January – March 2022. The research location was in Selogiri District, Wonogiri Regency, which was chosen purposively because it has the highest rice area in Wonogiri Regency. Survey methods were used in the research, with 96 farmers selected as respondents. The types of data used were primary and secondary. Preliminary data were taken from interviews with farmers in Selogiri District consisting of production costs, investment, and respondent data. Secondary data were of BPS data, journals, and literacy taken from the internet, including the research location's general condition, population data, maps, and bank deposit interest rates. Data were analyzed by analyzing profitability and multiple linear regression analysis. They showed that farming is profitable, with a profitability value of 77.86% and a BRI bank interest rate of 2.3%. Prices of seeds, fertilizers, pesticide labor wages, irrigation prices, and land rents simultaneously affect income. In contrast, fertilizer prices, labor wages, and irrigation prices partially affect income.
Counterion effects on the alkali dissolution mechanism of quartz
Authors: Yao Yu-yun , Tang Yun , Yang Yong , Li Guo-hui , Wu Bo , Dai Wen-zhi
Published: February 2023

In gold ore, quartz plays an important role in mineral formation by acting as the follower. Understanding counterion release, transport, and deposition in alkali solution is a prerequisite for evaluating the potential role of gold separate from quartz deposits in pretreatment. In this work, the aggregation, retention, and release of counterion in alkali solution media were investigated by kinetic research and pure mineral experiments, the correlation and mechanism of these processes were revealed by combining geochemical theory, interaction energy calculation, and quantum chemistry. The results showed that the retention and release of counterion were closely related to the dissolution and corrosion rate of quartz. The NH4+ and Fe2+ with higher mineral affinity reduced the quartz stability, and the dispersion stability and mobility of the quartz were greatly improved by an alkaline substance due to the enhancement of steric hindrance effects. Quantum chemical calculation results show that ammonium ion promotes the dissolution of quartz stronger than ferrous ion, which is mainly reflected in reducing the activation energy required for the formation of transition state (TS1), which can be verified by kinetic calculation. These findings provide essential insight into the extraction of gold coated by quartz as well as a vital reference for the experiment of gold-loaded quartz leaching in mineral processing.
Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Uptake of Coffee Production Recommended Practices in Kichwamba and Kirugu Sub-Counties Rubirizi District, Uganda
Authors: Ronalds Ahimbisibwe Jerome , David Osiru , Opio Fina
Published: February 2023

The study was on socioeconomic factors influencing the uptake of coffee production recommended practices in the Kichwamba and Kirugu Sub-counties of the Rubirizi district and was conducted in February 2021. Objectives were to identify the coffee production systems and practices used, identify the socioeconomic challenges associated with the uptake of recommended practices for coffee production, and identify the policy interventions to address the challenges associated with the use of recommended coffee practices. Farmers continue to register low coffee yields hence affecting their livelihoods and incomes and achieving maximum coffee production requires that farmers apply recommended practices since the quantity and quality of the crop rely on the practices used. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using simple random sampling and a total of 376 coffee farmers were sampled. Results indicated that Arabica coffee commonly grown has two major systems intercropping and mono-cropping. The coffee-recommended practices used were weeds control (23.7%), shading (21.5%), pruning (15.5%), fertiliser application (14.1%), pest and disease management (12.2%), water drainage management (6.6%), transplanting (4.0%), and seedbed preparation (2.7%). Statistically significant socioeconomic factors affecting the uptake of recommended practices for coffee were age [p=0.014], education level [p=0.002], labour [p=0.005], Farm size [p=0.001], farming experience [p=0.031], gender [p=0.031], land slope [p=0.048], un-accessibility to credit services [p=0.032], and plot ownership [p=0.049]. Policy interventions were farmer capacity building (35.1%), strengthening agricultural extension (23.7%), credit extension to the farmers (15.7%), re-visiting land reform policies (13.6%), and group formation (11.9%). The study concluded that coffee in the study area was grown under two production systems; intercropping and mono-cropping; the major coffee recommended practices used were; seedbed management, transplanting, pruning, shading, fertiliser application, weeds control, pest and disease management, and water drainage management. Socioeconomic factors like Education level, shortage of labour, farm size, experience in farming, gender, the slope of the land, un-accessibility of credit services, farmer age and plot ownership type were significant socioeconomic factors affecting uptake of recommended practices. Suggested policy interventions were re-visiting land reform policies, credit extension, capacity building, strengthening agricultural extension, and farmer group formation. More education and training for farmers, revisiting land policies, groups, associations and cooperative formation, and credit services extension are recommended.
Challenges Facing Primary Schools’ Learners in Morogoro Municipality when Communicative Approach is used in Teaching English Language
Authors: Hasani Kasimu Bakari
Published: February 2023

A number of researches have been done in the world basing on Communicative Approach in teaching English language as a second and a foreign language, Tanzania in Particular. However, the use of this approach in Tanzania is not free of challenges. Thus, this paper tries to enlighten the current challenges that English language learners of primary schools encounter when the approach is used in teaching and learning of English language in Morogoro Municipality. The study was guided by two research questions; first, what would be the current challenges encountered by primary school learners when CA is used? Second, what would be the learners’ views on the possible ways to overcome the existing challenges? The study was led by the theory of communicative competence by Hymes (1972). The data were collected through concurrent research design which is within pragmatic research approach. The data collection method used was questionnaire method of data collection. The findings revealed that, large class sizes, inadequate teaching and learning materials, learners’ negative attitudes towards English language, and lack of enough time to practice English language are among the challenges of using the approach at public primary schools. Nevertheless, ensuring enough teachers and classes, adding time for practicing English, exposing learners to English language from standard one are among the suggestions of overcoming the existing challenges. Furthermore, basing on the findings of the recent study, the researcher provided recommendations for action to solve the existing challenges and for further studies including to do the same study in other municipal areas
Choi Chi-won's Diplomatic Documents and Balhae
Authors:   The Bukak Historical Society, Cho Bum-hwan
Published: February 2023

Balhae was mentioned in Choi Chi-won's diplomatic letter to Tang's emperor and bureaucrat. It shows that Choi Chi-won was very interested in Balhae. However, there are some differences between the documents Choi Chi-won mentioned about Balhae. He described Balhae completely differently from the people who are receiving the diplomatic document.
Despite the fact that diplomatic documents can show how perceptions of Balhae have changed, Choi Chi-won mentioned about Balhae because it was closely connected to the current world situation at that time. As an example, he mentioned Balhae for sending an envoy after a new king was crowned there, and comparing the affairs between Silla and Balhae at that time.
As a conclusion, Choi Chi-won mentioned Balhae differently in all diplomatic documents to ensure Silla’s international position and suitable treatment in Tang.
Influence of the Foot and its Characteristics on the Risk of Injury Associated with Dynamic Balance in Soccer Players: An Observational Study
Authors: Campo Ramírez Miguel Angel , Oñate Gabriel , Salamanca David , Escarria Camilo , Perdomo Jaime , Salazar Lorena
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Dynamic balance (DB) is the basis for all sports motor activities. Variables such as the type of foot and the windlass mechanism (WM) could influence this balance and therefore the risk of injury to the lower limb. Currently no studies are reported that relate these elements to each other in soccer players.
Objective: To determine the influence of some characteristics of the foot on the risk of injury associated with DB in young soccer players.
Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, and correlational study. Forty players were included in the male sub 20 category. DB was evaluated by means of the Y balance test (YBT). To determine the type of the foot, the Herzco method and Jack's test were used to evaluate the WM.
Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the type of the foot and the Jack test with some scopes of the YBT. There was a significant relationship between the left WM vs left DB.
Conclusion: Foot’s type and the WM influence the DB. The WM could be related to the DB, however, there seems to be no relationship between Hallux’s evaluation and foot type with the DB. Variables such as the quality of execution of the sporting gesture, exposure to load, among others, should be considered when studing the issue.
Perfil antropométrico, dispêndio energético e nível de atividade física de escolares do ensino médio de Goiânia: um estudo observacional transversal
Authors: Lucena Marquez Roseane , Japiassú de Castro Verônica , Schmidt Ademir , De Oliveira Rodrigues Jordana , Dos Santos Bonfim Rejiane
Published: February 2023

Introdução: Em adolescentes, a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade, alimentação inadequada, associados a baixos níveis de atividade física são fatores de risco para  doenças crônicas. Enfatiza-se que hábitos e os comportamentos formados em crianças e adolescentes refletem-se na idade adulta
Objetivo: Descrever o perfil antropométrico, o nível de atividade física e o dispêndio energético de adolescentes de ambos os sexos do ensino médio de Goiânia.
Métodos: Estudo observacional transversal realizado em amostra populacional (n=347) de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária entre 14 e 18 anos. Avaliou-se estatura, massa corporal, circunferências de cintura e abdome, composição corporal, nível de atividade física e estimativa do dispêndio energético. Utilizaram-se o teste de normalidade Shapiro-Wilk e o de Mann-Whitney.
Resultados: Houve diferenças significativas segundo sexo para: massa corporal, circunferências de cintura e de abdome, soma das dobras, percentual de gordura e gordura absoluta. As diferenças observadas foram para as atividades moderadas, vigorosas e dispêndio energético total. Foram 74,4% os estudantes fisicamente ativos, sendo de 80,1% maior que o feminino (68,1%).
Conclusão: Constatou-se maior dispêndio energético em atividades físicas moderadas, vigorosas e dispêndio energético total nos escolares do sexo masculino, ao passo que se registrou maior soma de dobras cutâneas, percentual de gordura e gordura absoluta nas escolares do sexo feminino.