bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Trimetal Phosphide with Amorphous Porous Structure for the Enhanced Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Wu Yun , Han Ping , Li Bo , Dang Yuan , Zhou Yuanzhen
Published: October 2021

Aimed at overcoming the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reation (OER), a novel trimetal phosphide electrocatalyst (CoCuMo-P) with amorphous porous structure was prepared using bimetallic CoCu-ZIF-derived layered double hydroxide (LDH) as the precursor and further pyrolyzing under the PH3 atmosphere. Studies found that the synegistic effect of trimetals and the introduction of P heteroatoms contributed to the optimization of porous morphology, amorphous properties and tuned electronic configuration of CoCuMo-P, which increased the number of exposed active sites and accelerated the mass/electron transfer rate, thereby enhancing the OER electrocatalytic activity of CoCuMo-P. In addition, the in situ formed (oxy)hydroxides and oxides of CoCuMo generated more defective sites and adsorbed OH in the alkaline electrolyte, which further helped to improve the OER catalytic performance of CoCuMo-P. When the applied current density was 10 mA·cm−2, the overpotential obtained on CoCuMo-P lowered to 309 mV and the Tafel slope as low as 76 mV·dec−1. A 25 h durabilitly was also obtained. The seldomly reported amphorous and porous Cu-containing phosphide enriched the scope of OER electrocatalyst and the underlying reasons for the enhanced OER activity of CoCuMo-P was revealed, which further provided references for the design of novel electrocatalysts.
Ethnopharmacological Study of Medicinal Plants in Bajwat Wildlife Sanctuary, District Sialkot, Punjab Province of Pakistan
Authors: Shah Sidra Ahsan , Iqbal Wajeeha , Sheraz Muneeba , Javed Bilal , Zehra Syeda Sadaf , Abbas Hafiza Aniqa Bint E. , Hussain Waris , Sarwer Abdullah , Mashwani Zia-ur-Rehman
Published: October 2021

Bajwat Wildlife Sanctuary is a complex riverine ecosystem and is unique because of the presence of river Chenab, various seasonal streams, lakes, and Head Marala barrage. These ecogeographic conditions provide diverse natural habitats for various plant and animal species to grow uninterrupted and have undocumented ethnopharmacologically important medicinal flora. The present study involves the first-ever extensive investigation to document the ethnopharmacological knowledge on medicinal plants of local healers and inhabitants of the Bajwat Wildlife Sanctuary to treat ailments. The unstructured and semistructured interviews of the local healers and inhabitants were conducted that included 130 individuals. The ethnomedicinal formulations, their method of preparation, mode of administration, parts of the plant used, diseases cured, and their categorization along with species use report (UR) were analyzed. The ethnopharmacological study led to the enlisting of 114 medicinal plant species belonging to 97 genera and distributed among 47 plant families. 2029 URs were collected with 42 general disease categories. Each plant species was reported 18 times to cure various diseases (∼18 UR), while ∼48 URs were collected on each disease category by local informants. Digestive issues (290 URs, ∼14.29%) and skin infections (279 URs, ∼13.75%) were found most commonly among the occupants of the area. The oral administration (69%) of herbal drugs and the preparation of plant extracts (32%) were the most common ethnopharmacological strategies. Inhabitants of the area were well aware of the limited use of poisonous plants. 8 (∼7%) out of the total 114 medicinal plant species were listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as Least Concern, while Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. was enlisted as near-threatened. The results of the present investigation show that the occupants of the Bajwat have sound information about the ethnopharmacological consumption of medicinal plants, and some of the novel ethnomedicinal formulations were reported which provide the basic data for further pharmacological research.
Alobar Holoprosencephaly with Cebocephaly in a Neonate Born to an HIV-Positive Mother in Eastern Uganda
Authors: Sikakulya Franck Katembo , Kiyaka Sonye Magugu , Masereka Robert , Ssebuufu Robinson
Published: October 2021

Background. Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a rare cerebrofacial abnormality resulting from the complete or partial failure of the diverticulation and cleavage of the primitive forebrain. It has an incidence at birth of 1:16000. Case Presentation. We report a case of a 2600 g newborn female delivered by an HIV-infected mother in whom an antenatal ultrasound scan at 34 weeks’ gestation reported features of fetal alobar holoprosencephaly. The neonate was born with cebocephaly, a monkey-like head, and did not survive for more than 30 minutes following delivery by caesarian section despite oxygen therapy. Conclusion. Alobar HPE with cebocephaly remains incompatible with life. In this resource-limited setting, the diagnosis was made clinically, and only an ultrasound scan was performed to confirm the diagnosis. Chromosomal analysis could have given more information.
A new hip-pocket frog from mid-eastern Australia (Anura: Myobatrachidae: Assa)
Authors: MAHONY MICHAEL J. , HINES HARRY B. , MAHONY STEPHEN V. , MOSES BEDE , CATALANO SARAH R. , MYERS STEVEN , DONNELLAN STEPHEN C.
Published: October 2021

The hip-pocket frog (Assa darlingtoni), a small terrestrial myobatrachid frog found in mid-eastern Australia, has a highly derived, unusual, reproductive mode involving a unique form of male parental care. Males have subcutaneous pouches that open near the hip, and the developing tadpoles are carried in these pouches to post metamorphosis. It is found on several isolated mountain ranges in closed forest habitats, associated with high rainfall and temperate or sub-tropical climates. We established genetic relationships among specimens sampled across the range using phylogenetic analyses of thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the nuclear genome and mitochondrial ND2 gene nucleotide sequences. These analyses uncovered two lineages that are genetically distinct in both nDNA and mtDNA analyses and that have low levels of divergence in male advertisement calls and are morphologically cryptic. Our data support separate species status for each lineage, based on the molecular genetic data. The first, which we name as a new species, Assa wollumbin sp. nov., is restricted to a single mountain, Wollumbin (= Mount Warning), the eroded cone of an ancient shield volcano—the Tweed Volcano. The second, the nominal species A. darlingtoni, has a wider distribution in five geographically disjunct subpopulations along 430 km of the Great Dividing Range in south-eastern Queensland and north-eastern New South Wales. The distributions of the two species closely approach within 15 km of each other on the central plug and rim of the caldera of the Tweed Volcano. Assa wollumbin sp. nov. meets the conservation criteria for Critically Endangered [A3(e), B2(a,b)]. When all subpopulations of A. darlingtoni are combined the conservation assessment is Endangered [A3(e), B2(a,b)]. Because of the fragmented nature of the distribution of A. darlingtoni, combined with the genetic evidence of concordant sub-structuring, we also conducted a conservation assessment on the five subpopulations. Two were assessed as Critically Endangered (D’Aguilar Range and Conondale/Blackall Ranges), and the remainder as Endangered (Dorrigo Plateau, McPherson Ranges, and Gibraltar Ranges/Washpool).
Reliability Analysis on TiN Gated NMOS Transistors
Authors: Nam Kab-Jin , Kwon Kee-Won , Choi Byoungdeog
Published: October 2021

Compared to poly Si gate, metal gate has no gate depletions and experiences inversion capacitance gain, which makes an advantage for devices scaling. In this paper, we investigated the gate oxide leakage current and Time Dependent Dielectric Breakdown (TDDB) characteristics of TiN and
poly Si electrodes with a 3.5 to 5 nm SiO2 dielectric thickness range. According to the Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) analysis there is difference in oxide thickness. The SiO2 thickness of TiN gate electrode has been reduced by ~0.25 nm, considerably because
of a scavenging effect. We normalized the reduced SiO2 thickness with an electrical oxide field, and there were no differences between the two electrodes in gate leakage current, accumulation breakdown voltage (BV), and accumulation TDDB lifetime. Therefore, we found the scavenging
effect of TiN electrodes seems to affect little the leakage current and TDDB reliability of SiO2 dielectric. On the other hand, the BV and TDDB lifetime of TiN electrode in the inversion region are little bit better than that of the poly electrode. We think this differences are
originated from the difference between TiN/SiO2 and poly Si/SiO2 interfaces.
Rheological, Dynamic and Tensile Mechanical Properties of Recycled Styrofoam Loaded with Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Aljaafari Abdullah
Published: October 2021

Styrofoam was recycled and then loaded with different volume fractions of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWC-NTs). The frequency dependence of complex viscosity η*, storage modulus E/ and loss modulus E// were studied. All of them were increased
with increasing MWCNTs concentration. The dependence of the complex viscosity on CNTs concentration was found to obey the rheological percolation behavior with low percolation threshold and depends on frequency. The addition of MWCNTs to recycled Styrofoam did not change the glass transition
temperature. The tensile properties of all composites were studied at different temperatures. Stress-strain curves at temperatures 30, 50, 70 and 90 °C showed brittle behavior. The elastic modulus, ultimate strength, strain at break, and energy density to break were increased with increasing
both CNTs concentration and temperature up to 90 °C. The elastic modulus had a tensile percolation behavior with a threshold value close to that obtained for η*. Plastic deformation of all composites took place at 105 °C and sharp decrease in both E and σb
was observed. Conversely, sharp increase in both strain at break and energy density to break was observed at temperature 105 °C. The material at this temperature was converted from polydomain to monodomain configuration.
Children’s palliative care education and training: developing an education standard framework and audit
Authors: Neilson Susan , Randall Duncan , McNamara Katrina , Downing Julia
Published: October 2021

Background

The need to align the range of guidance and competencies concerning children’s palliative care and develop an education framework have been recommended by a UK All-Party Parliament Group and others. In response to these recommendations the need for a revised children’s palliative care competency framework was recognized. A Children’s Palliative Care Education and Training Action Group, comprising champions in the field, was formed across UK and Ireland in 2019 to take this work forward. Their aim was to agree core principles of practice in order to standardize children’s palliative care education and training.

Methods

Over four meetings the Action Group reviewed sources of evidence and guidance including palliative care competency documents and UK and Ireland quality and qualification frameworks. Expected levels of developing knowledge and skills were then agreed and identified competencies mapped to each level. The mapping process led to the development of learning outcomes, local indicative programme content and assessment exemplars.

Results

Four sections depicting developing levels of knowledge and skills were identified: Public Health, Universal, Core, Specialist. Each level has four learning outcomes: Communicating effectively, Working with others in and across various settings, Identifying and managing symptoms, Sustaining self-care and supporting the well-being of others. An audit tool template was developed to facilitate quality assurance of programme delivery. The framework and audit tool repository is on the International Children’s Palliative Care Network website for ease of international access.

Conclusions

The framework has received interest at UK, Ireland and International launches. While there are education programmes in children’s palliative care this is the first international attempt to coordinate education, to address lay carer education and to include public health.
Seismic resonance: Wavelet-free reflectivity retrieval via modified cepstral decomposition
Authors: Bao Chen , Jimenez Juan R. , Gelinsky Stephan , van der Weiden Raphic
Published: October 2021

Spectral decomposition is a proven tool in seismic interpretation. It helps interpreters highlight channels and map temporal bed thickness and other geologic discontinuities. In spectrally decomposed seismic data, amplitude spectra contain notch patterns. The period of these notch patterns inversely correlates to the reservoir layer’s thickness and/or its interval velocity. Additional cepstral decomposition will directly extract the bed time thickness or arrival time under simple reflectivity setups. Based on these observations, we have adopted a new workflow for reflectivity retrieval in stably phased seismic. There is no need to understand the details of the wavelet in this workflow. We find that the reflector time and its “apparent strength” can be identified in a transformed seismic resonance domain resulting from a modified cepstrum analysis. We find that linear hot spots in this domain lead to direct quantification of the reflectivity series. The timing and strength of the linear hot spots reveals reflector times and scaled reflectivity coefficients. We applied this method for thickness prediction for a target deepwater reservoir with a complex geologic setting. Because of the large reservoir thickness variations and weak impedance contrast with underlying lithology, identification of the base reservoir and therefore the reservoir thickness has been historically challenging in this field. In a blind test, the reservoir thicknesses evaluated from this method are close to the true vertical thickness found in wells.
Persistent Postoperative Vasoplegia After Ureteronephrectomy Due To Suspected Intravesical Gemcitabine Toxicity
Authors: Yan Luying , Bohorquez Manuel A. , Carr Zyad J.
Published: October 2021

We describe a case of unusually persistent vasoplegia in the postoperative course of a patient recovering after elective right robotic nephroureterectomy with intravesical salvage gemcitabine. In the treatment of patients with intravesical adjuvant therapy, gemcitabine may precipitate persistent vasoplegia requiring further fluid resuscitative efforts, vasopressor support, and other supportive management. This potential adverse event should be considered when all common causes of persistent vasoplegia are ruled out, such as shock related to bleeding, infection, allergic reaction, or pulmonary embolic phenomenon.
How will the introduction of the sugar tax affect the consumption habits of households in Poland?
Authors: Wolak Jacek
Published: October 2021

Motivation: Numerous scientific studies indicate a significant relationship between the number of sugar-sweetened beverages consumed and the problem of overweight and obesity. This, in turn, is a significant risk factor for many diseases, especially type 2 diabetes. Poland is a country where the consumption of sugar, especially in a processed form that is dangerous to health, is constantly growing. As a result, now two-thirds of the society are struggling with the problem of overweight, while obesity can be said in every fourth case, the forecasts are even more pessimistic. Recently, a fiscal policy with the use of the “sugar tax” is a popular tool to combat the growing consumption of sweetened beverages. The Polish government is also following this path, and the tax is scheduled to be in force at the beginning of 2021.

Aim: The aim of the study is to analyse the impact of the sugar tax on prices and, consequently, on the future consumption of sweetened beverages and other related goods.

Results: Based on the data of the Central Statistical Office concerning household expenditure in 2018, the complete demand model was estimated, considering demographic variables. As a result, the price and profit elasticities of demand for sweetened drinks and related goods were estimated. The results obtained in the study indicate that the introduction of the sugar tax will reduce the consumption of SSB, and the size of the changes depends on the analysed demographic factors. The decrease in consumption of sweetened beverages will increase the interest in beverages with a lower sugar content.
The cost of constipation
Authors: Thomas Sue
Published: October 2021

Bladder and bowel problems can affect people of all ages, and can lead to feelings of anxiety, embarrassment and despair. Their management is a fundamental issue, particularly for those who have a neurogenic bladder. Discussing elimination can be a difficult subject to broach. Sue Thomas highlights the significant cost of constipation in terms of health outcomes, quality of life and the NHS.
Association of race and health insurance in treatment disparities of colon cancer: A retrospective analysis utilizing a national population database in the United States
Authors: Hao Scarlett , Snyder Rebecca A. , Irish William , Parikh Alexander A.
Published: October 2021

Background

Both health insurance status and race independently impact colon cancer (CC) care delivery and outcomes. The relative importance of these factors in explaining racial and insurance disparities is less clear, however. This study aimed to determine the association and interaction of race and insurance with CC treatment disparities.

Study setting

Retrospective cohort review of a prospective hospital-based database.

Methods and findings

In this cross-sectional study, patients diagnosed with stage I to III CC in the United States were identified from the National Cancer Database (NCDB; 2006 to 2016). Multivariable regression with generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were performed to evaluate the association of insurance and race/ethnicity with odds of receipt of surgery (stage I to III) and adjuvant chemotherapy (stage III), with an additional 2-way interaction term to evaluate for effect modification. Confounders included sex, age, median income, rurality, comorbidity, and nodes and margin status for the model for chemotherapy. Of 353,998 patients included, 73.8% (n = 261,349) were non-Hispanic White (NHW) and 11.7% (n = 41,511) were non-Hispanic Black (NHB). NHB patients were less likely to undergo resection [odds ratio (OR) 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61 to 0.72, p < 0.001] or to receive adjuvant chemotherapy [OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.87, p < 0.001] compared to NHW patients. NHB patients with private or Medicare insurance were less likely to undergo resection [OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.91, p = 0.004 (private insurance); OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.66, p < 0.001 (Medicare)] and to receive adjuvant chemotherapy [0.77, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.87, p < 0.001 (private insurance); OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.91, p < 0.001 (Medicare)] compared to similarly insured NHW patients. Although Hispanic patients with private and Medicare insurance were also less likely to undergo surgical resection, this was not the case with adjuvant chemotherapy. This study is mainly limited by the retrospective nature and by the variables provided in the dataset; granular details such as continuity or disruption of insurance coverage or specific chemotherapy agents or dosing cannot be assessed within NCDB.

Conclusions

This study suggests that racial disparities in receipt of treatment for CC persist even among patients with similar health insurance coverage and that different disparities exist for different racial/ethnic groups. Changes in health policy must therefore recognize that provision of insurance alone may not eliminate cancer treatment racial disparities.
Memory for medicinal plants remains in ancient and modern environments suggesting an evolved adaptedness
Authors: Moura Joelson Moreno Brito , Henriques da Silva Risoneide , Soares Ferreira Júnior Washington , Cristina da Silva Taline , Albuquerque Ulysses Paulino
Published: October 2021

Adaptive memory is the propensity of human memory to easily store and retrieve important information to deal with challenges related to the Pleistocene. Recent evidence shows that humans have had a multiregional evolution across the African continent, including the rainforests and deciduous forests; however, there is little evidence regarding the implications of these origins and the relevant and recurring challenges of these environments on survival processing advantage in memory. In this study, we conducted an experiment with volunteers to analyze whether adaptive memory operates in the retrieval of important information to solve challenges of using medicinal plants to treat diseases in the ancestral environments of the savanna, rainforests, and deciduous forests compared to the modern environments of desert, tundra, coniferous forest, and urban areas. We used simulated survival environments and asked volunteers (30 per simulated scenario) to imagine themselves sick in one of these environments, and needing to find medicinal plants to treat their disease. The volunteers rated the relevance of 32 words to solve this challenge, followed by a surprise memory test. Our results showed no ancestral priority in recalling relevant information, as both ancestral and modern environments showed a similar recall of relevant information. This suggests that the evolved cognitive apparatus allows human beings to survive and can create survival strategies to face challenges imposed in various environments. We believe that this is only possible if the human mind operates through a flexible cognitive mechanism. This flexibility can reflect, for example, the different environments that the first hominids inhabited and the different dangerous situations that they faced.
Cognition, Objects, and Proportions in the Divided Line
Authors: Matoso Renato
Published: October 2021

In a recent publication, Nicholas Smith discussed some elements of the Republic’s divided line (Rep. 509d6-511e4) to demonstrate that they create an unresolved problem. I tackle Smith’s argumentation to show that elements of the divided line that are mentioned by him do not create problems in interpreting this passage. On the contrary, these features convey one of the most important doctrines behind this passage. This is the idea that the world of sensible things holds a dependence upon the world of Forms in the same way that shadows and reflections depend on the things that are shadowed and reflected. Following this line of reasoning, I propose an interpretation of the divided line in which both knowledge and opinion are set over the same kind of objects F. One has an opinion about F whenever apprehending F by means of its effects, and one has knowledge about F whenever apprehending F itself.
Solanum nigrum Ethanolic Extract (SNE) Increases Cytotoxic Activity of Doxorubicin on MCF-7 Cell
Authors: Putri Dyaningtyas Dewi Pamungkas , Rivanti Erlina , Istiaji Raditya Prima , Meiyanto Edy
Published: October 2021

Leunca (Solanum nigrum L.) is a potential source of natural anticancer agents. Solanum nigrum L. ethanolic extract (SNE) has cytotoxic activity in several cancer cell lines. We aimed to evaluate the ability of SNE to increase MCF-7 cell sensitivity to doxorubicin as a chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer. Cell viability of SNE and its combination treatment with doxorubicin were conducted by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and apoptosis assay was analyzed by Ethidium bromide-acridine orange method. The SNE showed a cytotoxic effect in the MCF-7 cell line with IC50 50 μg/mL. Combination treated DOX-SNE resulted in a combination index (CI) value of 0.21, indicating strong synergism SNE and doxorubicin. The SNE 25 μg/mL combined with doxorubicin 100 nM optimally induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. We concluded that SNE is the potential to be developed as a co-chemotherapeutic agent through apoptosis induction though the molecular mechanism need to explore.Keywords: Solanum nigrum L. herb ethanolic extract, doxorubicin, MCF-7, apoptosis.
Influence of thick soft superficial layers of seabed on ground motion and its treatment suggestions for site response analysis
Authors: Jiang Qifeng , Rong Mianshui , Wei Wei , Zhang Bin , Wang Jixin
Published: October 2021

The thick soft superficial layers of the seabed greatly influence ground motion generally. It is worth studying how to find out the influence of these soft layers on ground motion parameters and determine reasonable seismic fortification parameters for ocean engineering. Numerical experiments of site response analysis are designed using two offshore engineering sites in this study. First, the borehole profiles are selected and stripped layer by layer to generate new profiles. Second, 108 acceleration time histories are synthesized which basically represent the diversity of input motions’ amplitude and frequency. Third, a method that can automatically calculate characteristic periods and normalize response spectra is created to improve calculation efficiency. Fourth, peak accelerations, response spectra, and characteristic periods at different depths of the profiles with different stripping depths are calculated. The results show that the thick soft superficial layers can significantly decrease peak ground accelerations and increase characteristic periods, resulting in serious “low-fat” response spectra. The situation can be greatly improved by stripping off the soft superficial layers. After stripping off the thick soft superficial silt layers, if stripping is continued further, the variation in the superficial amplification ratios of peak accelerations and superficial characteristic periods will no longer be drastic, and the superficial amplification ratios and characteristic periods both tend to be mostly the same. The relative deviation of the amplification ratio of peak ground acceleration between a profile stripped and that without stripping can be 143%, and it can be 83% for characteristic period. It is advisable to strip off thick soft superficial layers to perform site response analysis, and the shear force at the bottom of the silt should be considered in engineering based on local seismic activity level, and the silt’s and the structure’s physical parameters.
Structure of a human replisome shows the organisation and interactions of a DNA replication machine
Authors: Jones Morgan L , Baris Yasemin , Taylor Martin R G , Yeeles Joseph T P
Published: October 2021

The human replisome is an elaborate arrangement of molecular machines responsible for accurate chromosome replication. At its heart is the CDC45‐MCM‐GINS (CMG) helicase, which, in addition to unwinding the parental DNA duplex, arranges many proteins including the leading‐strand polymerase Pol ε, together with TIMELESS‐TIPIN, CLASPIN and AND‐1 that have key and varied roles in maintaining smooth replisome progression. How these proteins are coordinated in the human replisome is poorly understood. We have determined a 3.2 Å cryo‐EM structure of a human replisome comprising CMG, Pol ε, TIMELESS‐TIPIN, CLASPIN and AND‐1 bound to replication fork DNA. The structure permits a detailed understanding of how AND‐1, TIMELESS‐TIPIN and Pol ε engage CMG, reveals how CLASPIN binds to multiple replisome components and identifies the position of the Pol ε catalytic domain. Furthermore, the intricate network of contacts contributed by MCM subunits and TIMELESS‐TIPIN with replication fork DNA suggests a mechanism for strand separation.
Diversity of Mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) and Physico-Chemical Characterization of Their Larval Habitats in Tizi-Ouzou area, Algeria
Authors: Oussad N. , Lounaci-Ali BenAli Z. , Aouar-Sadli M.
Published: October 2021

Many mosquito species are considered as vectors of several pathogens responsible of serious infectious diseases including Malaria, Dengue, Chikungunia and Rift Valley Fever. The characterization of the larval habitat of these arthropods is an important step for a nuisance/vector control program. In this study we aimed to identify mosquito larvae species in the Tizi-Ouzou area (north-central of Algeria) and to examine the physico-chemical parameters of their permanent breeding sites. Surveys are carried out during the dry and rainy seasons (2018/2019), the larval stages of the mosquitoes were sampled using the dipping technique and the physico-chemical parameters of the breeding sites were measured. The morpho-taxonomic examination of the Culicidae samples allowed the identification of 14 species belonging to five genera and two subfamilies. Interestingly, Culex pipiens was the most abundant species found in all entomological surveys. Moreover, Culex pipiens and Culiseta longiareolata species showed high ecological plasticity and were the best correlated species to the studied physico-chemical parameters. Temperature was positively correlated with the density of most inventoried species. Our data would be of great interest in the context of developing a nuisance control program and the prevention of vector-borne diseases.
Grammaticalization of qәl ‘gourd’ in Amharic
Authors: Gensler Orin D.
Published: October 2021

The Amharic word qəl ‘gourd’ represents a rare case where a plant term serves as the source of a grammaticalization chain. The development occurred in two stages, first metaphoric change, then grammaticalization proper: gourd > skull/head > Intensive (never Plain) Reflexive (‘he himself, etc.’). This process was entangled with the grammatical evolution of two other words, ras and gəll. Ras, which is the basic unmarked term for ‘head’, as such underwent the basic unmarked grammaticalization into a Plain Reflexive (and only secondarily into an Intensive Reflexive). The other word, gəll ‘separate, individual’, phonetically quite similar to qəl but with no etymological connection to ‘head’, grammaticalized directly to the meaning ‘one’s own, by oneself’, thence secondarily to an Intensive Reflexive (but never a Plain Reflexive). Thus two near-synonyms (qəl, ras ‘head’) underwent two parallel grammaticalizations, but yielding different results: qəl, unlike ras, was never a Plain Reflexive. Why? The distinctive semantic evolution of qəl, I suggest, was partly driven by its phonetic similarity to the historically unrelated gəll, which also was never a Plain Reflexive. The phonetic similarity helped to foster a semantic attraction between the two grammaticalizing morphemes.
Supplier risk assessment strategy
Authors: Sipos Csanád , Szűcs Edit Gizella
Published: October 2021

The aim of the study is to create an effective and standard risk assessment tool that provides the company with support and security in purchasing of new products. The goal was to create a tool that complements and standardizes risk assessment forms and shows rapid results. Using the procurement risk management system, the risk associated with a given product can be determined easily and in a short time. In the process, critical areas where hazards may occur can be clearly identified and the risk can be minimized if properly managed.
Discricionariedade e arbitrariedade judicial na perspectiva positivista de kelsen e hart
Authors: Gervasoni Tamiris Alessandra , Bolesina Iuri
Published: October 2021

Com auxílio do método dedutivo, o presente estudo investiga a evolução dos positivismos jurídicos em três momentos em virtude de eventuais inverdades e incertezas que envolvem o tema, bem como analisa a discricionariedade judicial, e sua distinção de arbitrariedade, em Kelsen e Hart. Desta forma, através do procedimento histórico crítico, efetua-se uma abordagem histórica e conceitual do positivismo exegético, analisando suas características e à relação destas com o período histórico ao qual pertence. Posteriormente, apresenta-se o positivismo normativista, com ênfase nas premissas kelsenianas e na discricionariedade judicial advinda deste momento do positivismo, no qual atribuir-se uma função criativa ao intérprete dentro da ideia de moldura da lei criada por Kelsen. Em seguida, a despeito de Hart traçar novos contornos ao positivismo jurídico neste terceiro momento, observa-se ainda a discricionariedade judicial como um problema na interpretação judicial além de sua distinção entre arbitrariedade. Neste sentido, diante dos aportes teóricos e conceituais investigados, percebeu-se que apesar de distintas, discricionariedade judicial e arbitrariedade, ambas não enfrentam a questão da impossibilidade de controle conteudístico da decisão judicial ao ficar à mercê da livre consciência do intérprete para decidir em cada caso concreto. Assim, a dedicação e esforço dos pensadores do direito devem manter-se concentrados na preocupação de “resolver” a discricionariedade judicial – e arbitrariedade, visto que sua presença não seria democrática e nem se coadunaria com a ordem constitucional ao criar o direito conforme uma subjetividade singular dentro de um sistema jurídico plural e democráticos.
POLÍTICA NAS UNIVERSIDADES COMUNITÁRIAS REGIONAIS.
Authors: Pedro Schmidt João
Published: October 2021

As universidades comunitárias regionais cresceram porque souberam fazer política e se relacionar com as instituições políticas. A importância da ação política, embora seja um elemento fundamental da afirmação dessas instituições no Sul do Brasil frequentemente não é reconhecida, especialmente quanto à interface ideológica e partidária. Isso é condizente com a cultura política de rejeição dos partidos e das instituições políticas que predomina no país. O problema de pesquisa que se busca responder aqui é: as universidades regionais vêm conseguindo superar os condicionamentos da cultura política brasileira, caracterizada pelo predomínio de atitudes de distanciamento e rejeição das instituições políticas e de baixa adesão à democracia? O caminho metodológico consiste na descrição de aspectos centrais ao exercício do poder no âmbito interno das universidades regionais e de sua relação com o âmbito externo (esfera pública), o que permite identificar tensões e contradições. A técnica de pesquisa é bibliográfica.
Maurice Maeterlinck e a peça teatral Les Aveugles
Authors: Generoso Lisa Paula
Published: October 2021

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta o percurso do poeta e dramaturgo belga Maurice Maeterlinck, o movimento da peça teatral Les Aveugles e a tradução comentada para o português de um trecho da obra. A peça de um ato, composta de 12 cegos - seis homens e seis mulheres - formam um coro ao longo do espetáculo. A obra pertence ao primeiro teatro do dramaturgo ou também conhecido como “teatro do horror" e compõe sua produção simbolista.
İzmir Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü fıstıkçamı (Pinus pinea L.) meşcerelerinde kütük çapı–göğüs çapı ilişkisinin modellenmesi
Authors: ÖZÇANKAYA Niyazi , BATUR Mustafa
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmada İzmir Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü (İzmir OBM) idari sınırları içinde kullanılmak üzere, önemli bir orman ağacı türü olan fıstıkçamı (Pinus pinea L.)’nın kütük çapı (d0,3) değeri kullanılarak göğüs çapını (d1,3) tahmin eden modeller geliştirilmiştir. İlişkiyi tanımlayan denklemler regresyon analizi yöntemi kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Veri setini 266 adet örnek ağaçtan elde edilen ölçüm değerleri oluşturmaktadır. Regresyon çözümlemesi sürecinde, sıradan en küçük kareler, ağırlıklı en küçük kareler ve genelleştirilmiş en küçük kareler yöntemlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Verilerin eğitim ve test gruplarına bölünmesi işlemleri “tekrarlanan k-kat çapraz doğrulama” yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. En uygun modelin seçilmesinde AIC, bias, percent bias, MAE, MAPE, RMSE ve düzeltilmiş R2 ile kurgulanan başarı ölçüt setinden yararlanılmıştır. Yeterliği ve geçerliği test edilen “d1,30= -2,205816 + 0,935139 x d0,30” biçiminde düzenlenmiş modelin, α=0,05 anlam düzeyinde fıstıkçamı ağaçları için kullanımının uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Cesarean section: common problems and regional peculiarities
Authors: Ailamazyan Е. К.
Published: October 2021

In the article the frequency of Cesarean section in the North-Western region of Russia is analysed. Reasons for widening of surgery indications, operative technics, prophylaxis of infectional processes in postoperative period, main problems of conducting of pregnacy in women with prior cesarean delivery are discussed.
Role of high dose intravenous methylprednisolone and visual evoked potential (VEP) in the management of methyl alcohol poisoning: A case series report
Authors: Akhtar Naheed , Khan Nida , Haque Faizul
Published: October 2021

To study the effectiveness of high dose intravenous methylprednisolone and to discuss the role of visual evoked potential (VEP) as a marker of severity and of improvement in methyl alcohol poisoning.

In an outbreak of methanol poisoning, a total of six patients presented to JNMCH, AMU. Meticulous history was taken followed by examination. They were treated with high dose IV methyl prednisolone and later underwent visual evoked potential testing. The patients were examined daily till the time of discharge and then followed up at 1 month.

Following treatment with high dose IV methyl prednisolone, 100% of cases showed improvement in vision which was judged on the basis of visual acuity and visual evoked potential assessment at the time of presentation. As recorded by VEP, 4 patients (66.6%) had prolonged P100 latency while no response was recorded in 2 patients (33.3%). In 3 (50%) of the 6 cases, improvement in visual acuity of at least two lines of Snellen chart was observed at 1 month follow-up while two patients (33.3%) improved from doubtful light perception to counting fingers at least 2 metres and one patient (16.6%) improved from perception of light present to counting finger at least 2 metres.

Early presentation and timely intervention improves visual outcome in methanol poisoning. High-dose IV methylprednisolone seems to have benefits in the treatment of methanol optic neuropathy. The VEP examination appears to be a sensitive marker for diagnosis and prognosis of even subclinical impairment of the optic system due to methanol poisoning.
El caso en contra el artículo de revista: la edad de la autoridad editorial está por terminar –y vamos a estar bien
Authors: Orjuela-Acosta Ana María , Laine Heidi
Published: October 2021

Heidi Laine evalúa la reivindicación, a menudo infundada, del artículo de revista como parte fundamental del proceso de comunicación en la investigación. ¿Es un artículo científico una ley de la naturaleza? Ella sostiene que el artículo de revista (al menos tal como lo conocemos) se convertirá en una cosa del pasado. Pronto será sustituido por informes de tipo artículo narrativo, blogs, wikis, grabaciones de vídeo y audio, documentos de conferencias y presentaciones.
Representaciones de género y otredad en la evaluación de solicitudes de asilo en España
Authors: Garcés Amaya Diana Paola
Published: October 2021

El presente texto propone comprender de qué manera los procedimientos de asilo intervienen en el proceso de construcción de fronteras socio jurídicas y en qué medida estos devienen en dispositivos productores de la  subalternización y de diferencia cultural a través de las representaciones racializadas de género y sexualidad. Para desarrollar lo anterior, se llevó a cabo un Análisis Crítico del Discurso con el interés de examinar los casos de mujeres que solicitan asilo en España basándose en persecuciones de género. Me concentré en el análisis de las estrategias discursivas que se ponen en marcha por las autoridades en las sentencias de la Audiencia Nacional y el Tribunal Supremo. Como resultado del análisis, se identificaron cuatro estrategias que refieren a: la construcción de subjetividades sospechosas, las generalizaciones categóricas negativas relacionadas con el lugar de origen, la presencia patológica de las mujeres solicitantes y la hipervisibilización de ciertos tipos de violencia de género como no-europeas. Se concluye que los procesos de categorización de las solicitantes de asilo ponen en juego el género como elemento estructurador de las identidades nacionales, además, ocurren dos procesos simultáneos: el intento de legitimar las prácticas de exclusión y la esencialización de la diferencia cultural, todo ello teniendo como eje común la producción de los lugares de la no-pertenencia.
Neoconservadurismo, contramovimientos y estrategias para posicionar la agenda antifeminista. El caso de VOX en España
Authors: Varela Guinot Helena
Published: October 2021

En contraste con un discurso “políticamente correcto” que reconoce la igualdad de derechos entre hombres y mujeres, y con los avances logrados en la legislación de los diferentes países, hay sectores en nuestra sociedad que han denostado y desprestigiado el hecho de ser feminista y que han atacado algunas de las principales banderas del movimiento, como es el caso de la violencia de género o la defensa de políticas que promuevan una igualdad sustantiva entre hombres y mujeres.

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar este tipo de manifestaciones en contra de la agenda feminista como un movimiento de carácter neoconservador, con una lógica y una forma de actuación específica. A partir del concepto de reacción de Susan Faludi y de las propuestas de análisis de los contramovimientos de Meyer y Staggenborg, y Dillard, se analizan los mecanismos con los que las corrientes conservadoras están construyendo un discurso que cuestiona de manera directa las demandas del feminismo.

Para ello se parte de la propuesta de acción planteada en el Manifiesto del grupo Agenda Europa y se examina el caso de VOX en España. Se hace un análisis del discurso que se ha articulado desde el partido (con el protagonismo de una de sus representantes más emblemáticas, Rocío Monasterio, presidenta de Vox Madrid), para ejemplificar las estrategias adoptadas y la manera en que se ha conformado un contramovimiento, con una agenda antifeminista, que ha logrado calar en sectores importantes de la sociedad española.
Peculiarities of the construction industry in the Arkhangelsk region
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Zhura Svetlana E. , Badanina Alena A. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov
Published: October 2021

The role of construction in the development of the economic system of the state, regardless of the level of development, population and other characteristics, can hardly be overestimated. Construction is one of the most important sectors of the economy, since no industry can function without new and reconstruction of existing facilities. The terminological analysis of the concept of “construction industry” has shown that domestic and foreign authors characterize this industry as an independent one, which is associated with the commissioning of new production and non-production facilities, which includes capital and current repairs of buildings and structures, as well as their reconstruction and restoration. An urgent problem for the population of Russia is the availability of housing. By Order No. 161-r of January 27, 2021, the Government approved the list of objects that should be financed under the federal Housing project of the state program “Providing affordable and comfortable housing and communal services to Citizens of the Russian Federation”. However, it should be noted that neither new programs to increase housing affordability, nor an increase in the pace of construction can fully solve the problem of housing shortage. In 2020, 1121.6 thousand new apartments with a total area of 82,2 million m2 were built in Russia at the expense of all sources of financing, which amounted to 100,2 % by 2019. In the North-Western Federal District of the Arkhangelsk region (without auth.) in 2020, it took the 5th place in terms of the total area of residential premises (351,8 thousand m2), which is 109,2 % by 2019. For the further development of the construction industry in the Arkhangelsk region due to the possible increase in the volume of construction of residential buildings, as well as due to the transition of construction companies to escrow accounts, it is necessary to reduce the cost of housing. The likely expectations from the introduction of escrow accounts are the impact on the volume of supply and the reduction of risks for buyers by transferring these risks to developers and banks.
The impact of the new coronavirus epidemic on the russian economy and anti-epidemic measures in Russia
Authors:   Institute of Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia of the Academy of Social Sciences, PRC, Yijun Cheng
Published: October 2021

The article presents Chinese political scientists' analysis of the coronavirus epidemic in Russia and its impact on the Russian economy. The article reviews and characterizes the main stages in the development of the coronavirus pneumonia epidemic in Russia , the measures taken by the Russian government with regard to air travel regime, visa regime, and border crossing, as well as various restrictive measures taken by the subjects of the federation. The article analyzes the consequences of the coronavirus epidemic for Russian society: crisis of the national economy, GDP decline, inflation growth, plummeting state budget revenues, crisis of federal finances, growth of unemployment, decline in production, etc. The article describes the main anti-epidemic measures to prevent the large-scale spread of the new coronavirus in Russia: strengthening centralized management, establishing an information center to monitor the epidemic, blocking areas of high epidemic rates, and providing paid leave, returning Chinese citizens home, establishing specialized centers for treating coronavirus pneumonia, designing reagents and vaccines, creating intelligent diagnostic systems, large-scale testing and universal vaccination, expanding international anti-epidemic cooperation and strengthening healthcare diplomacy. The author examines the measures taken by the Russian government to stabilize the national economy during the pandemic: using a multifaceted approach to finance, taxation and social security, assistance to small and medium enterprises and individuals, allocating funds to create special funds to stabilize the economy, granting soft loans to small and medium enterprises seriously affected by the epidemic; deferment of tax and levy payments, suspension of creditors' bankruptcy petitions against debtors, increase in unemployment benefits, etc.
Images of russian home and the motive of homelessness in the literature XX-XXI centuries
Authors:   M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Golubkov Mikhail M.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the image of home as it was formed in the XX century Russian literature and as it continues to develop in modern literature. It is associated with the tragic motif of loss, which dates back to A. P. Chekhov's comedy “The Cherry Orchard”. This motif was developed by M. Bulgakov, albeit on entirely different material, in the novella “Heart of a Dog” and in the novel “The Master and Margarita”.The article examines different interpretations of the image of home: it is the city house in the poetry of the war years ( K. Simonov' work), in the Russian emigration literature (V. Nabokov, N. Osorgin), in the artistic world of writers of the new peasant movement (P. Vasiliev), in the literature of socialist realism (S. Babaevsky), in the village prose of the second half of the XX century (V. Rasputin), as well as in modern literature (R. Senchin). The image of home in the 20th-century Russian literature acquires two aspects: on the one hand, it is not seen as an urban multi-story building or a wooden village house, but as a civilizational phenomenon; on the other hand, the writers reflect on the tragic loss of this home and consider the situation as one of homelessness and restlessness, which is clearly indicated by the literary pseudonym of one of the most complex and tragic characters in the novel “The Master and Margarita” by M. Bulgakov: Ivan Bezdomny (Homeless). The tragic perception of the loss of home reaches its climax in V. Rasputin's story “Farewell to Matyora”, where this theme takes on a mythological character: the loss of the Russian home is equated with the end of Atlantis. But if Atlantis perished as a result of a natural disaster insurmountable for man, then the death of Matera at the bottom of the man-made sea acquires an even more tragic meaning.