bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Cultura en la Cumbre (en torno al Plan Estratégico de Gobierno, una crítica y una propuesta, en el terreno de la acción cultural)
Authors: Fong Carlos
Published: March 2020

En el año 1982 la UNESCO convocó a la Conferencia Mundial sobre Políticas Culturales. Como consecuencia, las Naciones Unidas declaró el período de 1988 a 1997 como el Decenio Mundial para el Desarrollo Cultural. La Declaración que salió de aquella Conferencia apelaba a nuevas líneas orien-tadas a revalorar la noción del desarrollo de los individuos y la sociedad. Solicitaba a las políticas culturales “a que protejan, estimulen y enriquezcan la identidad y el patrimonio cultural de cada pueblo; además, que establezcan el más absoluto respeto y aprecio por las minorías culturales, y por las otras culturas del mundo. La humanidad se empobrece cuando se ignora o destruye la cultura de un grupo determinado”.
ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME AND PREGNANCY
Authors: Ilchenko Viktoriia Aleksandrovna , Moshko Yuliana Aleksandrovna
Published: March 2020

The main issues of etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome are considered. This syndrome is a state of the body whereat a thrombosis can occur, especially during pregnancy. This syndrome pathogenesis is characterized with an interaction of antiphospholipid antibodies with negatively charged phospholipids. They are the part of membranes of platelets, endotheliocytes, prothrombin−activating complex, beta−2−glycoprotein and nerve cells with impaired functions. Joining to phospholipids, the antiphospholipid antibodies lead to a sharp decrease in platelet count and impaired endothelial cell function. In nerve tissue disorders according to the structural and functional type occur, the formation and function of the humoral agents responsible for hemostasis are disrupted. The antiphospholipid syndrome in obstetrics and gynecology often manifests as spontaneous miscarriages, the effect of the "empty fetal egg", fetal growth retardation and even its antenatal death, as well as preeclampsia. In the treatment of pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome, mainly several protocols have been used, i.e. anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in combination with glucocorticoids; combination of glucocorticoids with acetylsalicylic acid; monotherapy with sodium heparin or acetylsalicylic acid; anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents for hemostasis correction. The treatment protocols during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period have been presented. It is emphasized that the patients with antiphospholipid syndrome and vascular thrombosis should be monitored by rheumatologist, surgeon, obstetrician and gynecologist after successful child delivery. Duration of receiving antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy has to be solved individually.

Key words: antiphospholipid syndrome, antiphospholipid antibodies, cardiolipin antibodies, lupus anticoagulant, pregnancy, postpartum period.
FEATURES OF EXTERNAL ROD-CONTROLLED FIXATION IN CALCANEAL FRACTURES
Authors: Bodnya Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: March 2020

A device for transosseous osteosynthesis of rod type and a technique of external fixation have been developed, which will allow to provide with high degree of efficiency a positive clinical result of reposition of all types of intra−articular calcaneus fractures. The proposed device, based on the apparatus Ilizarov details, as well as technique of osteosynthesis have their own peculiarities, namely the technical ability to use a removable repotent node to perform the reposition of all types of calcaneus fractures. We have used the modified method of closed one−moment instrumental reposition. Own practical experience and observations allowed us, depending on the nature of the destruction of posterior articular facet and types of its displacement, to assert the possibility of using a closed one−time instrumental reposition. The essence consists in distraction surgery, where the main mechanism of indirect reposition is the effect of tensile forces in a certain sequence on surrounding fracture of damaged ligaments, i.e. so−called the effect of ligamentotaxis. According to this method, 6 surgical procedures were performed. In all cases, the use of the proposed device intraoperative repositioning of the posterior articular surface of the heel bone and restoration of the Böhler's angle were considered satisfactory, even with significant destruction. Technical capabilities enables the conclusion about recommending this for surgical treatment of intra−articular fractures of a heel bone. It is advisable to continue research in the specified patient category to confirm the effectiveness of new, minimally invasive surgical intervention. Further improvement and implementation of surgery of intra−articular fractures of calcaneus will improve both the medium and long−term results.

Key words: calcaneus, fractures, transosseous osteosynthesis.
When nontraditional meets traditional: Understanding nontraditional students through classroom discourse analysis
Authors: Rugen Brian
Published: March 2020

Nontraditional students often have different learning styles and individual needs compared to their younger classmates. They are generally highly motivated and have a more fully developed set of life skills as well. In Japan, as the number of nontraditional students increases, one concern that needs to be addressed involves the learning conditions language teachers create for increasingly mixed classes of traditional and nontraditional students. This paper demonstrates how classroom discourse analysis, as a form of teacher research, can address this concern. By studying the patterns of interaction with and between students, a teacher can gain a better understanding of how nontraditional students are positioned in classroom contexts and how this positioning may afford or deny opportunities for learning. First, I discuss classroom discourse analysis and offer a few practical suggestions on how teachers can get started researching the patterns of interaction in their own classrooms. Then, I present an example of my own teacher research on classroom interaction from an oral communication class. The example illustrates how a classroom interaction between a nontraditional student and teacher fails to affirm the L2 identity a nontraditional student fashions in the conversation.
Using peer assessment in the language classroom
Authors: Asaba Mayumi , Marlowe Paul
Published: March 2020

Abstract Educators often speak of creating student-centered classes that increase student involvement, responsibility, and motivation. Peer assessment, if thoughtfully implemented, can help promote these goals while supplementing and increasing the reliability of traditional forms of teacher assessment. This article first outlines reasons why and how peer assessment can be used in a foreign language learning context. Then it explains when and how to use peer assessment successfully in foreign language classrooms. Finally, it introduces six tips to consider when using peer assessment. 学生の授業参加を促し、責任感や動機を高める学習者中心のクラス作りは、しばしば教師たちの話題となる。相互評価を正しく行えば、従来の教師評価の信用性を高めると同時に、学習者中心のクラスを実現することも可能となる。本論では、まず外国語学習でなぜ、どのように相互評価が行われるかを概説する。次に、いつ、どのように効果的に相互評価を行うべきかを説明する。最後に、相互評価の際に留意すべき6点を紹介する。
An interview with John Read
Authors: Dunkley David
Published: March 2020

How do we measure a student’s vocabulary? John Read of Auckland University, New Zealand, is the person best qualified to answer this question. Along with Paul Nation and Paul Meara, he has spent the last 30 years researching vocabulary knowledge, acquisition and assessment. In this interview he explains how he came to be interested in vocabulary assessment, and how he wrote his two well-known works: the word-associates test and the book Assessing Vocabulary.
Kredit dan Risiko Likuiditas terhadap Profitabilitas pada PT Bank Mandiri (persero) Tbk, PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. dan PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk.
Authors: Srihandoko Wimpi , Dewi Eneng Trisnawati
Published: March 2020

This study aims to examine how much influence between credit risk and liquidity risk on profitability in 3 Government Banks, Understand what are the obstacles experienced in the application of credit risk and liquidity risk to profitability and find out the solution. The data in this study are quantitative data with secondary data sources. The sample technique used in this study was purposive sampling. The results of this study indicate that partially credit risk has a significant effect on profitability, and liquidity risk has no significant effect on profitability. Credit risk and liquidity risk simultaneously have an influence on profitability.
Особенности выбора рациональных схем компоновки тормозного привода при обеспечении высокой эффективности торможения многоосного транспортного средства
Authors: Богомолов В. , Клименко В. , Леонтьєв Д. , Тімонін В. , Дон Є. , Вербицький В.
Published: March 2020

В статье предлагается метод, позволяющий выбрать рациональные схемы подключения двухсекционного или трехсекционного тормозного крана к конурам рабочей тормозной системы многоосного колесного транспортного средства с тормозными механизмами типа «симплекс» или «дуо-дуплекс». Цель заключатся в том, чтобы на основе методов программирования реализовать перебор вариантов подключения контуров рабочей тормозной системы к тормозному крану при условии обеспечения наивысшей эффективности действия запасной (аварийной) тормозной системы при выходе какого-либо устройство входящего в состав тормозного привода многоосного колесного транспортного средства (КТС).Особенностью рассматриваемого метода перебора возможных вариантов подключения является решение задачи определения рациональной схемы подключения тормозного крана к контурам рабочей тормозной системы многоосного колесного транспортного средства. Наличие установленных математических взаимосвязей между количеством точек подключения контуров к тормозным механизмам типа «симплекс» или «дуо-дуплекс» позволяет решить прикладную задачу, связанную с определением рациональных схем при которых возможно наилучшее использование контуров тормозного привода многоосного колесного транспортного средства.Представлены в графическом виде расчетные схемы подключения контуров к двухсекционному или трехсекционному тормозному крану тормозных механизмов типа «симплекс» или «дуо-дуплекс», которые позволяют представить особенности подключения тормозного крана к камерам указанных тормозных механизмов. В обзорной части выполнен анализ международных требований в отношении действия запасной тормозной системы (системы аварийного торможения).Разработан программный код перебора вариантов подключения двухсекционного и трехсекционного тормозного крана к камерам тормозного механизма типа «симплекс» или «дуо-дуплекс», который позволяет оценить эффективность использования тормозного привода многоосного колесного транспортного средства с учетом эффективности торможения последнего. Предложено, для определения рациональных вариантовподключения контуров тормозного привода многоосного колесного транспортного средства использовать программный код на языке программирования С#. Предложенная общая концепция реализации перебора для определения рациональной схемы организации запасной тормозной системы (системы аварийного торможения) многоосного КТС.
Підвищення витривалості хрестовини пружної муфти колінчастого валу
Authors: Оробінський О. , Аксьонова Н.
Published: March 2020

В статті представлені результати експериментального дослідження напруженого стану тіла хрестовини пружної муфти колінчастого валу транспортного дизеля, встановлено причини порушення номінальної роботи механічного з'єднання, надані відповідні рекомендації.Експлуатаційні випробування дизеля виявили недостатню надійність пружної муфти. В тілі хрестовини на поверхні гнізда під пружні елементи, розташованого над лисками, була виявлена втомлена тріщина. Напружений стан хрестовини обумовлено її напресовкою на хвостовик колінчастого валу та передачею через муфту крутного динамічного моменту.В роботі визначені та проаналізовані напруження від напресовки та від навантаження крутним моментом. Встановлено, що максимальні напруження від напресовки з’являються вздовж навантаженої поверхні виникнення в зоні появи тріщини, однак їх величина 260 МПа значно меньша за границю тимчасової витривалості 1100 МПа матеріалу хрестовини (сталь 18Х2Н4МА). Таким чином, напресовка хрестовини на хвостовик колінчастого валу не приводить до появи тріщини.Крутний момент на колінчастих валах з’являвся при нагнічені у циліндр під великим тиском мастила. Тиску мастила 15 МПа відповідає крутний момент 100 кНм. Аналізи результатів дозволяють відмітити, що напруження по зовнішній поверхні хрестовини досягають свого максимуму в зоні появи тріщини, яка відповідає навантаженому краю лиски. Надлишковий момент, що дорівнює різниці крутного моменту та моментутертя, починає сприйматися тільки лисками, в наслідок чого напруження в зоні появи тріщини різко зростають. Внаслідок цього, у сполученні з’являється підвищений рівень відносної рухомості поверхонь, що сопрягаються і зростає динамічне навантаження лисок, це і приводить до появи тріщини. Обґрунтовано, що різниця у значеннях напружень в діаметрально протилежних зонах тіла хрестовини є наслідком нерівномірного проковзання циліндричних поверхонь.Проаналізовані різни варіанти навантаження муфти та розроблені рекомендації по можливому зміненню конструкції вузла Збільшення габаритів хрестовини в напрямку продольної осі на 10 мм (ширина) та довжини кожної лиски на 7 мм, виключили першопричини виникнення тріщини, тобто, змяття та знос лисок.
Структура и физико-механические свойства пористого (поли)тетрафторэтилена
Authors: Калюжний А. , Платков В. , Калюжная О.
Published: March 2020

Получены структурные характеристики пористого (поли)тетрафторэтилена сформированного порообразователем различной дисперсности. Изучено влияние пористости на временное сопротивление при разрыве σ и относительное удлинение при растяжении δ.
Перевезення продукції органічного землеробства в повітряних коридорах
Authors: Кулик В. , Захарчук А. , Любиш Ю. , Градиський Ю.
Published: March 2020

Стаття присвячена актуальній проблемі забезпечення процесу перевезень повітряними коридорами продукції органічного характеру.Метою даного дослідження є розробка теоретико-методологічних положень організації перевезення швидкопсувної продукції органічного походження.Предметом дослідження статті є логістика перевезень швидкопсувних вантажів в повітряних коридорах.Актуальність теми полягає у тому, що сьогодні найкращим способом доставки є міжнародні транспортні коридори. Для покращення доставки швидкопсувних вантажів необхідно обирати найдоцільніший вид транспортування зберігаючи якість самих товарів. Складність повітряного перевезення органічної продукції полягає у тому, що під час посадки на вантажі діють значні динамічні навантаження, а в польоті – різкі перепади температури. Це може негативно відображатися на якості продукції, що перевозиться. У статті висвітлена проблема перевалки з одного борту на інший, яка ускладняється тим, що мають бути дотримані всі умови забезпечення температурних режимів та відсутності навіть незначних ударних перевантажень.На сьогоднішньому ринку все частіше набувають популярності свіжі продукти, але через неправильне транспортування органічні продукти можуть втратити свої властивості, їх якість вже буде сумнівною. Відповідно до рівня міжнародних стандартів потрібно покращувати логістичне обслуговування таких вантажів. Вирішення цієї проблеми дає досвід розвинених країн, в яких активно створюються і удосконалюються регіональні, національні та транснаціональні транспортно-логістичні системи, що забезпечують ефективні транспортні, науково-виробничі та постачальницько-збутові комунікації між економічними агентами.В результаті виконаних досліджень визначено методичні засади управління логістикою перевезень швидкопсувних вантажів в авіаційних повітряних коридорах, що може забезпечити оптимізацію бізнеспроцесів постачань продукції органічного землеробства безпосередньо замовникам із збереженням якості та своєчасності доставки.Практичне значення отриманих результатів полягає в тому, що вони можуть бути використані при прийнятті управлінських рішень та розробці умов та вимог перевезення продуктів з метою підвищення якості їх логістичного обслуговування.
PROTOTIPE ALAT PENDETEKSI KEMATANGAN BUAH TERONG BELANDA (Chypomandra betacea) BERDASARKAN WARNA MENGGUNAKAN MIKROKONTROLER ATMega328
Authors: Wirman Shabri Putra , R Sri Fitria , Nur Herriza
Published: March 2020

Pemanfaatan teknologi dalam dunia industri saat ini dituntut adanya ketepatan, kecepatan dan otomatisasi. Salah satu pemanfaatan teknologi itu dilakukan pada penyortiran buah. Proses penyortiran penting dilakukan untuk menjaga kualitas dari buah. Telah dirancang prototipe pendeteksi dan penyortir kematangan buah terong belanda berdasarkan warna menggunakan mikrokontroler ATMega328 untuk membedakan warna buah yang matang dan busuk. Prototipe ini tersusun dari sensor LDR dan LED RGB untuk membedakan warna, dua motor servo sebagai penggerak dan mikrokontroler ATMega328 sebagai pengendali. Pengujian telah dilakukan pada buah terong belanda yang terdiri dari 20 sampel dengan dua tingkat kematangan yaitu 10 sampel buah yang matang dan 10 sampel buah yang busuk. Hasil menunjukan respon yang positif untuk 3 kali pengulangan pada setiap sampel. Keberhasilan pada saat pendeteksian dan penyortiran berpengaruh dengan cahaya dari luar.
EFEKTIFITAS LEAFLET TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN MENGATUR POLA MAKAN LANSIA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS SERASAN KABUPATEN NATUNA
Authors: Susanti Nurvi , Qodariah - , Harnani Yessi , Rasyid Zulmeliza
Published: March 2020

Hypertension is a disease that is incurable but manageable. Good knowledge about hypertension is one right way to prevent and tackle the problem of hypertension. One way to cope with hypertension is to provide information to the public about how to treat hypertension with leafleat. Recapitulation reports obtained from the Natuna District Health Office in 2014 that consists of 12 districts can be seen the most number of hypertension is highest in district Serasan as many as 753 people and the elderly 46 people. The purpose of this study to determine the effectiveness of the leaflet to the knowledge and diet of elderly patients with hypertension in Natunare regency Serasan district health centers in 2015. The research method is quantitative with quasi experiment. This study was conducted on 12 March 2015 in the Natuna district health centers serasan. Population in this study were all hypertension patients with a total sample of 46 people with sampling by total sampling, the use of computerized data processing and analysis of univariate and bivariate by T test. Bivariate analysis results are known there is a difference between knowledge before and after given leaflets with value p = 0,000 < 0,05, besides there are also differences between respondents diet before and after the given leafleats with the value p = 0,038 < 0,05. The conclusion that the leaflet is effective against knowledge and eating habits elderly patients with hypertension. Serasan district health centers are expected to further improve the Natuna field health promotion services by providing ongoing counseling on a scheduled basis and at least 1 time in a month and multiply media such as posters or leaflet about hypertension as an effort to decrease the incidence of hypertension, especially in the region Natuna regency Serasan district health center.
ANALISA KADAR LEMAK, PATI, GULA REDUKSI, MINERAL (Fe, Ca, Na dan Mg) PELET IKAN DARI LIMBAH ORGANIK
Authors: Nasution Hasmalina , Deliani Winda , Isnaniar - , Wahyunungsih -
Published: March 2020

Budidaya ikan di Indonesia merupakan salah satu komponen yang penting pada sektor perikanan. Ikan yang dibudidayakan memerlukan pakan berkualitas dengan kandungan nutrisi yang lengkap agar dapat hidup dan berkembang biak dengan baik. Mahalnya harga pakan dapat diatasi salah satunya dengan membuat pakan buatan sendiri menggunakan metode yang sederhana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh fermentasi pelet ikan yang dibuat dari limbah organik (bekicot, tulang ikan lele, kulit pisang dan kulit singkong) terhadap nilai kadar lemak, pati, gula reduksi dan mineral dengan variasi waktu 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5 hari. Mikroorganisme yang digunakan untuk fermentasi adalah Saccharomyces cerevisiae dalam keadaan aerob. Analisis kadar lemak digunakan metode soxhlet dan didapatkan waktu optimal kadar air adalah pada hari ke 3 yaitu 11,18 %. Analisis kadar pati dan gula reduksi menggunakan metode iodometri dan didapatkan waktu optimal kadar pati dan gula reduksi pada hari ke 3 yaitu 9,06 % dan 10,07 % dan analisis mineral digunakan metode spektrofotometri serapan atom (SSA) dan didapatkan waktu optimal terhadap kadar mineral adalah pada hari ke 2 yaitu 1039 mg/kg Ca, 44,63 mg/kg Na, 20,76 mg/kg Mg dan 150,98 mg/kg Fe. Hasil uji t (p = 0,05) menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan nyata antara hasil kadar lemak, pati dan gula reduksi yang diperoleh antara waktu fermentasi 4 dan 5 hari. Pelet ikan yang difermentasi pada waktu optimal (3 hari) untuk lemak memenuhi syarat mutu pakan ikan patin SNI 7548:2009 yaitu kadar lemak maksimal 14 %.
EPIDEMIOLOGI MEROKOK PADA SISWA KELAS 7 DAN 8 SMPN 33 KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Alamsyah Agus , Susanti Nurvi
Published: March 2020

Epidemiology smoke are of science that studies distribution, the frequency and determinan someone or some group to behave smoking. Interviews with any one teacher SMPN 33 Pekanbaru say a lot of their students who company to smoking habit good students men and women. Research aims to know the proportion and determinan to behavior smoked on the students SMPN 33 Pekanbaru. Research is quantitative analytic with design cross-sectional. Population is the class 7 and 8 smpn 33 the City of Pekanbaru were 324 people with sample the total population. The results of the study obtained that the proportion of students who smoke in SMPN 33 the City of Pekanbaru is it was found that 89 people (27.5%) of 324 people. Variable knowledge on smoking (p=0,000), cigarette advertisement (p=0,009), family smoking (p=0,022) their peers smoking (p=0,009) and cigarette advertisement (p=0,001) related to behavior smoking students SMPN 33 the City of Pekanbaru .knowledge , cigarette advertisement , family smoking , their peers smokers and pocket money is determinan behavior smoking students SMPN 33 the City of Pekanbaru.
STANDAR PELAYANAN MINIMAL WAKTU TUNGGU DI PENDAFTARAN PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI RSUD PETALA BUMI PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Ulfa Henny Maria
Published: March 2020

The waiting time is the time it takes from the patient to register until the medical record file is sent to the polyclinic. RSUD Petala Bumi Provinsi Riau for service still not good because it still uses manual system. Minimum standards of service time wait patients in outpatient registrationin RSUD PetalaBumiProvinsi Riau.Research methodology used in this research is descriptive approach with a combination of quantitative and qualitative, samples to this research a total of 97 patients. Produce research waiting time in registration outpatients included in a category slow(≥ 10 minute) as much as 66 patients (68,0 %)While in the category of fast(≤ 10 minute) 31 patients (31,9 %). From 97 outpatients at the hospital Petala Bumi,riau.Seen from workload by officers additional resources is needed, especifically at distribution so that the medical officerno longer working concurrently again, education and training record medical officer has already been done, SPO in TPPRJ already exists but not run optimally, and facilities in unit medical record hospital in Petala Bumi Riau has been sufficient. Advice on this research is should be increased again the quality and quantity of the of officer so that patient do not wait longer in registration of outpatient. For medical officers are expected to perform their duties in accordance with SOPs that have been established so as to increase the value of productivity so that patient services faster and can improve the quality of service in TPPRJ.
Numerical Investigation on the Performance of Suction Head in a Cleaning Process of Hard Disk Drive Factory
Authors: Khongsin Jirawat , Thongsri Jatuporn
Published: March 2020

The suction head is a component positioned at the vacuum cleaner’s tip and used to control airflow to eliminate small particles, thus preventing contamination from occurring during the cleaning process at a hard disk drive (HDD) manufacturing factory. At the factory, 2 suction head types (bowl and straight) were used in the cleaning process. From actual usage, the operators questioned the operating condition’s performance and suitability. In order to seek an answer to the questions, the researchers used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate airflow and particle trace using the FLUENT program, the factory’s actual conditions, and a suction distance ranging between 2.5-15 mm. CFD simulation results showed that the bowl type suction head performed better compared to the straight type in every suction range under the exact same operating conditions. Both suction heads performed well at a 5 mm distance between the suction head and cleaning area. Suction performance decreased when the head was positioned closer or farther than the mentioned distance. Apart from applying all results from this research to increase cleaning efficiency in the actual factory, the findings could also be used as basic information for designing new suction head models with higher efficiency than the original model.
Survey for ovine and caprine brucellosis in Kirkuk
Authors: Asgar Fatima
Published: March 2020

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in the province of Kirkuk and its environs. Rose Bengal test was used on males and females of sheep and goats for the period from 1/1/2016 to 31/12/2016 in the veterinary hospital in Kirkuk and based on the cases received at the veterinary hospital. The incidence of brucellosis was 32.2% of total animals, 97.9% of females and 2.1% of males. For animal species, the rate of infection in sheep and goats was 89.6% and 10.4%, respectively. Abortion occurred in the eight, eleven and ninth month of the year and the most extreme in the Laylan, Yayci and City centre this percentage of the infection is high.
THE IMPACT OF DRIVING CONDITIONS ON LIGHT-DUTY VEHICLE EMISSIONS IN REAL-WORLD DRIVING
Authors: Guo Dong , Zhao Jinbao , Xu Yi , Sun Feng , Li Kai , Wang Juan , Sun Yuhang
Published: March 2020

To accurately estimate the effect of driving conditions on vehicle emissions, an on-road light-duty
vehicle emission platform was established based on OEM-2100TM, and each second data of mass emission rate corresponding
to the driving conditions were obtained through an on-road test. The mass emission rate was closely related to the velocity
and acceleration in real-world driving. This study shows that a high velocity and acceleration led to high real-world emissions.
The vehicle emissions were the minimum when the velocity ranged from 30 to 50 km/h and the acceleration was less than 0.5 m/s2.
Microscopic emission models were established based the on-road test, and single regression models were constructed based on velocity
and acceleration separately. Binary regression and neural network models were established based on the joint distribution of velocity
and acceleration. Comparative analysis of the accuracy of prediction and evaluation under different emission models, total error,
second-based error, related coefficient, and sum of squared error were considered as evaluation indexes to validate different models.
The results show that the three established emission models can be used to make relatively accurate prediction of vehicle emission
on actual roads. The velocity regression model can be easily combined with traffic simulation models because of its simple parameters.
However, the application of neural network model is limited by a complex coefficient matrix.
Spin-polarized Neutron Matter, the Maximum Mass of Neutron Stars, and GW170817
Authors: Tews I. , Schwenk A.
Published: March 2020

We investigate how a phase transition from neutron-star matter to spin-polarized neutron matter affects the equation of state and mass–radius relation of neutron stars. While general extension schemes for the equation of state allow for high pressures inside neutron stars, we find that a phase transition to spin-polarized neutron matter excludes extreme regimes. Hence, such a transition limits the maximum mass of neutron stars that lie below 2.6–2.9 M
⊙, depending on the microscopic nuclear forces used, while significantly larger masses could be reached without these constraints. These limits are in good agreement with recent constraints extracted from the neutron-star merger GW170817 and its electromagnetic counterpart. Assuming the description in terms of spin-polarized neutron matter to be valid in the center of neutron stars, we find that stars with a large spin-polarized domain in their core are ruled out by GW170817.
Two Numerical Methods for the 3D Anisotropic Propagation of Galactic Cosmic Rays
Authors: Liu Wei , Lin Su-jie , Hu Hong-bo , Guo Yi-qing , Li Ai-feng
Published: March 2020

Conventional cosmic-ray propagation models usually assume an isotropic diffusion coefficient to account for the random deflection of cosmic rays by the turbulent interstellar magnetic field. Such models very successfully explain many observational phenomena related to the propagation of Galactic cosmic rays, such as broken power-law energy spectra, secondary-to-primary ratios, etc. However, the isotropic diffusion presupposition is facing severe challenges from recent observations. In particular, such observations on the large-scale anisotropy of TeV cosmic rays show that the dipole direction differs from the prediction of the conventional model. One possible reason is that the large-scale regular magnetic field, which leads to an anisotropic diffusion of cosmic rays, has not been included in the model provided by the public numerical packages. In this work, we propose two numerical schemes to solve the three-dimensional anisotropic transport equation: the pseudo-source method and Hundsdorfer–Verwer scheme. Both methods are verified by reproducing the measured B/C and proton spectrum and the radial variation of spectral index expected by former 2D simulation. As a demonstration of the prediction capability, dipole anisotropy is also calculated by a toy simulation with a rough magnetic field.
Characterizing X-Ray Properties of the Gamma-Ray Pulsar PSR J1418-6058 in the Rabbit Pulsar Wind Nebula
Authors: Kim Minjun , An Hongjun
Published: March 2020

We report on X-ray studies of the gamma-ray pulsar PSR J1418−6058 in the Rabbit pulsar wind nebula (PWN) carried out using archival Chandra and XMM-Newton observations. A refined timing analysis performed with the 120 ks XMM-Newton data finds significant (p ≈ 10−7) pulsation at P ≈ 110 ms which is consistent with that measured with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). In the Chandra image, we find extended emission around the pulsar similar to those seen around other pulsars in young PWNe, which further argues association between PSR J1418−6058 and the Rabbit PWN. The X-ray spectrum of the pulsar is hard and similar to those of soft-gamma pulsars. Hence PSR J1418−6058 may add to the list of soft-gamma pulsars.
Using multilevel models is not just a matter of statistical adjustment. Illustrations in the educational field
Authors: Bressoux Pascal
Published: March 2020

Cet article présente les principes essentiels de la modélisation multiniveau pour l’étude de données hiérarchiques. Il montre comment concevoir des expérimentations dans de tels cas, en prêtant une attention particulière à la notion d’effet minimum détectable. L’article montre aussi comment spécifier un modèle multiniveau et comment interpréter ses estimations. Il est affirmé que les modèles multiniveaux ne sont pas qu’un moyen de mieux ajuster statistiquement les données ; ce sont des outils heuristiques puissants et flexibles qui encouragent les chercheurs à explorer des questions qui étaient ignorées ou considérées comme des nuisances par les modèles classiques. Deux exemples empiriques dans le champ éducatif sont présentés : le premier utilise des données expérimentales sur la réduction de la taille des classes et le second utilise des données d’enquête sur l’acquisition des mathématiques.
A Tutorial on Conducting and Interpreting a Bayesian ANOVA in JASP
Authors: van den Bergh Don , van Doorn Johnny , Marsman Maarten , Draws Tim , van Kesteren Erik-Jan , Derks Koen , Dablander Fabian , Gronau Quentin F. , Kucharský Šimon , Gupta Akash R. Komarlu Narendra , Sarafoglou Alexandra , Voelkel Jan G. , Stefan Angelika , Ly Alexander , Hinne Max , Matzke Dora , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan
Published: March 2020

L’analyse de variance (ANOVA) est la procédure standard utilisée pour l’inférence statistique dans les plans factoriels. En règle générale, les analyses de variance sont exécutées à l’aide de statistiques fréquentistes, où les valeurs p déterminent la significativité statistique en termes de « tout ou rien ». Ces dernières années, l’approche bayésienne de la statistique inférentielle est de plus en plus considérée comme une alternative légitime à la valeur p . Toutefois, l’adoption généralisée des statistiques bayésiennes, et en particulier de l’ANOVA bayésienne, est limitée par le fait que les concepts bayésiens sont rarement enseignés dans les cours de statistiques appliquées. Par conséquent, les utilisateurs peuvent ne pas savoir comment effectuer une ANOVA bayésienne et en interpréter les résultats. Nous fournissons ici un guide pour réaliser et interpréter une ANOVA bayésienne avec JASP, un logiciel statistique open-source ayant une interface utilisateur graphique. Nous expliquons les concepts clés de l’ANOVA bayésienne à l’aide de deux exemples empiriques.
L’intégration d’une technologie dans une organisation religieuse. Le cas d’Internet et des dominicains : l’expérience « retraite dans la ville »
Authors: Delorme François
Published: March 2020

L’Ordre des Dominicains, organisation religieuse vieille de plusieurs centenaires, est centré autour d’une pratique, la prédication. Caractérisée par des symboles qui lui sont spécifiques, elle s’est adaptée au cours du temps aux différentes évolutions technologiques. Nous allons dans le cadre d’une étude de cas étudier comment l’une d’elles, Internet, est venue tester le fonctionnement de cette organisation. Nous mettrons en évidence le fait que cette technologie se soit intégrée à la fois dans la pratique propre aux Dominicains et dans un processus organisationnel. Elle a par ailleurs mené l’Ordre à tester certaines de ses limites.
Predictors of Symptomatic Implant Removal After Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Tibial Plateau Fractures: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Stewart Christopher C. , O'Hara Nathan N. , Mascarenhas Daniel , Manson Theodore T. , Reahl G. Bradley , Connelly Daniel , Baker Mitchell , Slobogean Gerard P. , O'Toole Robert V.
Published: March 2020

A retrospective case-control study was conducted at a level I trauma center to assess whether radiographic details of tibial plateau fixation can predict symptomatic implant removal. Nine hundred fifty-one tibial plateau fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation from 2007 to 2016. Eighty-two (9%) were treated with implant removal for localized pain over the implant. A control group was selected from the remaining patients using cumulative sampling. Records and radiographs were reviewed for predictors hypothesized to be associated with implant removal. Based on the authors' multivariable model, implant removal was associated with each additional protruding screw (adjusted odds ratio, 1.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.13–1.55;
P
<.001), bicondylar fractures (adjusted odds ratio, 2.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.11–4.11;
P
=.02), and lower body mass index (
P
=.05). Associations that approached significance were observed with decreased age (adjusted odds ratio, 0.82 per 10 years; 95% confidence interval, 0.66–1.01;
P
=.06) and closed fractures (adjusted odds ratio, 0.34; 95% confidence interval, 0.10–1.19;
P
=.09). The model discriminated fractures requiring implant removal with moderate accuracy (area under the curve=0.71). Each additional screw that radiographically protrudes beyond the far cortex increases the odds of symptomatic implant removal by 32%. Bicondylar fractures and lower body mass index are also associated with symptomatic implant removal. These findings might help inform patients and guide fixation techniques to reduce the likelihood of symptomatic implant removal. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(3):161–167.]
Risk Factors for Hardware-Related Complications After Olecranon Fracture Fixation
Authors: Bugarinovic George , McFarlane Kelly H. , Benavent Kyra A. , Janssen Stein J. , Blazar Philip E. , Earp Brandon E.
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors for symptomatic hardware and removal of hardware (ROH) after olecranon open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) and to assess differences between olecranon locking plate and screws (P&S) or tension band (TB) wire cohorts. The medical records of 331 patients with olecranon fractures treated at two academic level I trauma centers with ORIF from 2012 to 2016 were reviewed. A total of 189 patients were included in the study. Complications, ROH, and subsequent surgery were assessed and compared between cohorts. There were 124 cases in the P&S cohort and 65 in the TB cohort. The overall reoperation rate was 31.2% (59 of 189). The overall incidence of ROH for all cases was 29.1% (55 of 189). Patients who required ROH or developed symptomatic hardware were significantly younger than those who did not (P&S,
P
<.003; TB,
P
<.004). Age and body mass index (BMI) were associated with ROH plus symptomatic hardware after P&S. Age (but not BMI) was associated with ROH/symptomatic hardware after TB. Measured hardware prominence was not associated with ROH or ROH plus symptomatic hardware for either the P&S or the TB cohort. Risk factors including patient age and BMI were found to be significantly associated with hardware-related complications. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(3):141–146.]
Shorter Time to Surgery Is Associated With Better Outcomes for Spondylolisthesis in the Workers' Compensation Population
Authors: Ren Bryan O. , Rothfusz Christopher A. , Faour Mhamad , Anderson Joshua T. , O'Donnell Jeffrey A. , Haas Arnold R. , Percy Rick , Woods Stephen T. , Ahn Uri M. , Ahn Nicholas U.
Published: March 2020

This study sought to determine the impact of time to surgery on clinical outcomes in patients with spondylolisthesis in the workers' compensation (WC) population. There is conflicting evidence regarding the effect of time to surgery on patients with spondylolisthesis. Patients receiving WC are known to have worse outcomes following spine surgery compared with the general population. A total of 791 patients from the Ohio Bureau of Workers' Compensation were identified who underwent lumbar fusion for spondylolisthesis between 1993 and 2013. The patients were divided into those who had surgery within 2 years of injury date and after 2 years. Confounding factors were corrected for in a multivariate logistic regression to determine predictors of return to work (RTW) status. Multivariate logistic regression determined that longer time to surgery (
P
=.003; odds ratio, 0.89 per year), age at index fusion (
P
=.003; odds ratio, 0.98 per year), and use of physical therapy before fusion (
P
=.008; odds ratio, 0.54) were negative predictors of RTW status. Patients who had surgery within 2 years were more likely to RTW and have fewer days absent from work, lower medical costs, and fewer sessions of psychotherapy, physical therapy, and chiropractor care. The authors demonstrated that for WC patients with spondylolisthesis, longer time to surgery was a negative predictor of RTW status. Patients who had surgery within 2 years of injury date were significantly more likely to RTW compared with after 2 years. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(3):154–160.]
Long-term Functional Outcomes of Nonoperatively Treated Highly Displaced Scapular Body and Neck Fractures
Authors: Rajfer Rebecca A. , Salopek Traci , Mosier Brian A. , Miller Mark Carl , Altman Gregory T.
Published: March 2020

Historically, extra-articular scapular body fractures were treated nonsurgically, but displaced fractures of the glenoid neck can lead to dysfunction. Controversy exists regarding which extra-articular scapular fractures should be treated surgically; however, nonsurgical management of severely displaced scapular body fractures can result in satisfactory outcomes. Inclusion criteria for this study were medial or lateral displacement greater than 2 cm, angular deformity between fracture fragments greater than 45°, or glenopolar angle less than 22°. Functional outcomes included Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, Short Form-36 (SF-36) score, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) shoulder score. Radiographs and computed tomography scans were available for all patients. Range of motion (ROM), strength, other injuries, and complications also were recorded. Twelve patients (10 males, 2 females) with a mean age of 45.6 years (range, 29–57 years) underwent follow-up for a mean of 54.1 months (range, 28.2–74.4 months). At latest follow-up, mean DASH score was 8.9 (range, 0–35), mean SF-36 score was 72.2 (range, 57.3–96.1), and mean ASES score was 85.9 (range, 46.7–100). Mean ROM and strength expressed as a percentage of the contralateral side ranged from 88% to 99% and 70% to 93%, respectively. At longest follow-up, 10 patients reported excellent satisfaction with their treatment. There were no radiographic non-unions. One patient with concomitant clavicle and acromion fractures treated surgically had a postoperative infection requiring operative irrigation and debridement. None of the patients required or sought additional treatment. Nonoperative treatment of highly displaced scapular body fractures resulted in good patient satisfaction, satisfactory long-term functional outcomes, and only minor loss of motion and strength. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(3):e177–e181.]
Measurement of Kinetic Friction Coefficient through Magnetic Induction Using Audacity Application in Physics Learning
Authors: Rohman Fatkhur , Azwir Yohandri , Fauzan Ahmad
Published: March 2020

This study is designed to produce an experimental device for the measurement of the kinetic friction coefficient of material through magnetic induction using Audacity application. The objects of material the kinetic friction coefficient of which is going to be measured is rough acrylic with rough acrylic and wood with rough acrylic. The experimental setup was performed on the motion system of the mass of objects m1 and m2 that were connected through a pulley on a table and three solenoids are put under a table as the Electromagnetic Field (EMF) sensor. Analysis of the calculation of kinetic friction coefficient used two concepts, i.e. the kinematics concept to identify the load acceleration and the concept of the dynamic to find the kinetic friction coefficient. The results of the measurement of kinetic friction coefficient in this study have a match with the results obtained in the other studies. Hence, the tools and experimental approaches generated in this study are excellent for use in the learning activities so that teachers can teach physics applicatively.
Conceptual Framework Based On Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Theory for Predicting Childhood Obesity Risk
Authors: Almohammadi Khalid
Published: March 2020

Obesity is a critical public health concern affecting a wide range of people globally. The rise in obesity is limited to not only the wealthiest countries but also the poorest. Childhood obesity has grown exponentially in the last few years, and its progression is significant contribution to the increase in mortality rates. Childhood obesity is linked with a wide range of risk factors. These include individual and parental biological factors, sedentary behavior or decreased physical activity, and parent restriction. This paper focuses on reviewing the techniques of artificial intelligence (AI) utilized in the management of obesity in children. The paper will also propose a conceptual framework to use novel type-1 and type-2 fuzzy logic methods capable of predicting risks for developing childhood obesity. The proposed approach will address factors such as family characteristics, unhealthy food choices and lack of exercise, and others related to children and their home environment. The procedure will help in the prevention of childhood obesity, promote public health, and reduce treatment costs for a wide range of obesity-related conditions. The paper will also plan an examination of type-1 and type-2 fuzzy logic systems on approximately one thousand families in Saudi Arabia. The proposed methods can handle the encountered uncertainties to enhance modeling and promote the accuracy of predictions of the risk for childhood obesity. Type-1 and type-2 fuzzy logic systems can also encode extracted rules comprehensively to provide insight into the best childhood obesity prevention behaviors.
Cross Reality Spaces in Engineering Education – Online Laboratories for Supporting International Student Collaboration in Merging Realities
Authors: May Dominik
Published: March 2020

This paper discusses online laboratories as cross reality spaces in education. Cross Reality (also XR) as a term is borrowed from the field of gaming and broadly describes the integration of immersive, augmented, mixed, and virtual reality technology within physical reality. Online laboratories form an ideal example, as different realities (the real hands-on world in real labs, the virtual world in simulated labs or even a mixture of both in context with remote labs) are merged. The connection between different realities in laboratory education and their relation to engineering education contexts are discussed by describing a three-dimensional matrix for categorizing (online) laboratories in teaching and displaying current research results in this area. On basis of this, a scholarly research study is discussed, which is making use of a remote lab in mechanical engineering education for an international student body. In this study, the lab and its application are evaluated from the learner, the system, and the course perspective. These three perspectives offer a holistic view of the lab and the students’ learning. The study proofs a positive effect on the students learning experiences. The results also show which current needs and future potentials lie on the intersection of engineering education, internationalization, and digitalization in terms of collaborating and learning in Cross Reality Spaces.
Between Modern and National Education: The ‘Ajam Schools of Bahrain and Kuwait
Authors: Stephenson Lindsey
Published: March 2020

In the first decades of the 20th century, Islamic modernist discourse inspired very local transformations in education across the Middle East and Indian Ocean. As Gulf merchants returned from their oceanic travels, they brought back ideas for instituting “modern” education in the port towns of the Arabian Peninsula. The initial goals were not necessarily nationalist or even Arabist. Rather they were an attempt to provide education that would teach new, necessary skills in a modern, systematic environment while upholding traditional Islamic identities. While modern education has been understood primarily as a project undertaken by the Arab merchants of the region, this article demonstrates that the “‘Ajam” schools of Bahrain and Kuwait were initially a part of the same conversation. Tracing the early history of their development in the 1910s and 1920s through to the 1930s, I illuminate the initial orientation of the schools and how they responded to the influence of the Iranian modernist‑nationalist state project.