bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Territorial Defence Facing the Challenge of Hybrid Warfare
Authors: Tomasik Robert
Published: February 2019

The course of present armed conflicts indicates the use of different instruments of power, whose major purpose is to gain control over the society and then exploit its resources. The nomenclature mentions hybrid warfare more and more frequently while seeking effective countermeasures against it. This topic is related to the creation of a new structure in the Polish Army – the Territorial Defence Force. The article presents the determinants conditioning the creation of the discussed formation and its assigned tasks. It analyses the expected objectives of the Territorial Defence Force as regards the adopted organisational structure, capability to perform its tasks and the established recruitment and training system. The article focuses in particular on countering tools of attack used in hybrid actions. The author refers to the course of events during modern asymmetric armed conflicts, for example in eastern Ukraine. Methods used by a potential enemy and the possible countermeasures exercised by the Territorial Defence Force are taken into consideration. The conclusions include an assessment of the importance of the new formation for Polish national security and defence.
Quality of Cooperation between Men and Women in the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic: Gender-Integrated Organization
Authors: Martinská Mária
Published: February 2019

This article focuses on the innovative trend of the cooperation between men and women in peace processes, and analyzes the need to create a postmodern type of military organization – a so-called gender-integrated organization, which will ensure adequate consideration of the rights, needs, and interests of women and women’s involvement in the actions and objectives of peacekeeping missions. The research findings presented in the article reflect the state of the application of gender equality principle in the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic, as well as the state of the application of the recommendations for developing a plan of gender equality which obliges EU member states to ensure compliance with the Resolution 1325. The resolution requires a gender-balanced occupation rate and access to training for all missions, as well as gender mainstreaming in all activities carried out.
Juvenile Crime in the Masovian Police District: A Threat to Public Security. A Research Analysis
Authors: Zbroszczyk Dorota , Borkowska Katarzyna
Published: February 2019

The creation of an open society and a living environment which is accessible and of use to all is the main task at present to improve the life of all citizens. Juvenile crime is a serious societal problem, which is taking on increasingly drastic forms. The article discusses the scale and forms of crime most often committed by minors in the Masovian police district in the years 2013–2016 The direct impact of juvenile crime on citizens’ sense of security and safety is also presented. The presented results have been obtained by analysing the statistical data from the General Police Headquarters of Poland, seated in Warsaw, and from the Voivodship Police Headquarters in Radom.
Evaluation of selection program by assessing the genetic diversity and inbreeding effects on Nellore sheep growth through pedigree analysis
Authors: Illa Satish Kumar , Gollamoori Gangaraju , Nath Sapna
Published: February 2019

Objective: The main objectives of the present study were to assess the genetic diversity,population structure and to appraise the efficiency of ongoing selective breeding program in the closed nucleus herd of Nellore sheep through pedigree analysis.Methods: Information utilized in the study was collected from the pedigree records of Livestock Research Station, Palamaner during the period from 1989 to 2016. Genealogical parameters like generation interval, pedigree completeness, inbreeding level, average relatedness among the animals and genetic conservation index were estimated based on gene origin probabilities. Lambs born during 2012 and 2016 were considered as reference population. Two animal models either with the use of Fi or ∆Fi as linear co-variables were evaluated to know the effects of inbreeding on the growth traits of Nellore sheep.Results: Average generation interval and realized effective population size for the reference cohort were estimated as 3.38±0.10 and 91.56±1.58, respectively and the average inbreeding coefficient for reference population was 3.32%. Similarly, the effective number of founders, ancestors and founder genome equivalent of the reference population were observed as 47, 37, and 22.48, respectively. Fifty per cent of the genetic variability was explained by 14 influential ancestors in the reference cohort. The ratio fe/fa obtained in the study was 1.21, which is an indicator of bottlenecks in the population. The number of equivalent generations obtained in the study was 4.23 and this estimate suggested the fair depth of the pedigree.Conclusion: Study suggested that the population had decent levels of genetic diversity and a non-significant influence of inbreeding coefficient on growth traits of Nellore lambs. However, small portion of genetic diversity was lost due to a disproportionate contribution of founders and bottlenecks. Hence, breeding strategies which improve the genetic gain, widens the selection process and with optimum levels of inbreeding are recommended for the herd.
FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE NA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS: ESPECIFICIDADES, IDENTIDADES E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Fernando Silva Márcio , Amorim Silva Santuza
Published: February 2019

This paperpresents an analytical reflection on teacher education in Adult Education. The objective of this study was to analyze and to contextualize the bibliographical productions about this teacher training, delineating the specificities, identities and public policies of teacher trainingin Adult Education, according to the historical and specific needs of teacher education in the Adult Education. In this context, it was observed that it is necessary to reflect critically on the process of teacher training in the Adult Educationand to re-evaluate the possibilities and theintentionalities of this process. It is understood that the formative experiences have to stimulate the development and the reflection about the theories and the teaching methodologies previouslyacquired in the training courses, establishing, that the continuity of the teaching learning is something inherent to the practice of the educational activity.It is necessary to reinforce the debates around the emergence of resolutions that increase the teaching potential in the Education Adults,encouraging the improvement of the training processes in the Adult Education, through effective public policies of professional teacher training in this type of teaching.
UM DESAFIO PARADOXAL: O OLHAR DE PROFESSORES INICIANTES SOBRE A INSERÇÃO PROFISSIONAL NA PRÁTICA DOCENTE
Authors: Andrade Sales Márcea , Cardoso de Araújo Ginaldo
Published: February 2019

A PARADOXAL CHALLENGE: the newly teachers look at the professional insertion in teaching practice.The text is on the agenda of the professional insertion in the teaching career, having as leading theme the discussions about the following question: how do the newly graduated teachers see the professional insertion process in the teaching practice?For the discussion, we take a look at the informations produced by a Stricto sensu research program conducted with teachers recent graduated, who are teaching in public schools of Elementary School II and High School.Taking a clipping of this study, we intend, in this text, to analyze the perceptions of these teachers about the teaching practice in the course of professional insertion in the teaching profession. The literature dialogues about this discussion spectrum and the interpretative analysis of the research informations showed that the teachers see the first years in teaching by marked by challenges and contradictions: at the same time that they are graduated / formed by the University, they have to learn about the teaching exercising by doing it, at the school, early in their career; but they are faced with institutional discourses and exercises that counterposed their thought, revealing the distancing between their early graduation knowledges and the real school demands, as well as the teaching complexity in contemporary. With this text, therefore, we intend to potentialize and expand the debate on this thematic in the University and in the institutions of Basic Education.
O USO DAS TIC NO AMBIENTE ESCOLAR PELOS PROFESSORES DE ENSINO TÉCNICO
Authors: Cristina Cardoso Coimbra Ana , Helena Zen Gorayeb Fabiana
Published: February 2019

This paper brings a reflection on how the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), influenced a significant change in contemporary school, and how teachers are dealing with the paradigm break of having technology as an ally in their classes.It is presented, through direct interviews, the opinion of two teachers on: how they see the use of technology in the classroom, how the training can contribute to the use of ICT tools in the classroom and how the infrastructure available in schools influence the use of technology with students.From the analysis of the questionnaire it was clear that teachers are predisposed to learn new technologies, that trainings are a fundamental tool to keep up to date and that a good infrastructure is fundamental for the use of ICT in the classroom.
TRATAMENTO DA INFORMAÇÃO NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DOS LIVROS DIDÁTICOS PARA A ALFABETIZAÇÃO E LETRAMENTO MATEMÁTICO
Authors: Buchwitz Del Trejo Adriane , Freire de Paula Enio
Published: February 2019

This article aims to analyze ways in which the use of didactic books from 1st to 3rd years of Elementary Education bring contributions to the thematic block Information Processing teaching. The motivation for this work is the amount of didactic material offered to the classes of the first three years of Elementary Education; excessive emphasis on other content blocks during this school period; and the relevanceof the Statistics, Probability and Combinatorics teaching for social use. Through a qualitative approach, bibliographical and documentary research on the contents were carried out; we analyzed evaluations and summaries about the notions of Statistics, Probability and Combinatorics in didactic books used in Mathematical Literacy in an official document of the PNLD 2016. During the study it is verified that Statistics, Probability and Combinatory teaching needs attention in the didactic books, because in theanalyzed materials, were considered insufficient activities regarding the knowledge associated with this area. The research revealed the importance of choosing didactic books collections based on quality, through a detailed analysis of their approaches, organization modes and tasks discussions. Thereby, it is necessary to analyze the didactic materials to be used, verifying their contributions to a significant mathematical learning.
A EDUCAÇÃO DO CABOCLO-RIBEIRINHO: PROBLEMATIZAÇÕES ACERCA DO CURRÍCULO ESCOLAR E SEUS DESDOBRAMENTOS NAS ESCOLAS RIBEIRINHAS
Authors: Miguel da Silva de Oliveira Francisco , Sandro Gomes Pessoa Alex
Published: February 2019

This article consists as a theoretical essay on the thematic of curriculum and its unfolding in the reality of riverside schools. In the first instance, it aims to elucidate conceptualissues about curriculum and points out the mismatches between school contents that are defined arbitrarily and become decontextualized for the educational reality of the riverside schools.Then, some social aspects are brought in regarding the riverside schools, aiming to characterize this reality to the reader, as well as to present some of the social aspects that surround this context.It is argued that school curricula do not dialogue with the reality of the riverside communities, resulting in innocuouseducational actions, devoid of meaning and distant of deep social transformations.
ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE DECLÍNIO COGNITIVO E ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DE IDOSOS HOSPITALIZADOS
Authors: Jeanine Cardoso Araujo Karen , Caroline Brasero da Costa Raquel , Depieri Balmant Bianca
Published: February 2019

The objective of this study was to associate cognitive decline with the nutritional status of hospitalized elderly in a hospital in the interior of the state of São Paulo. For this, 80 hospitalized elderly were evaluated through the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). There was a high percentage of elderly hospitalized with nutritional risk, as well as a high prevalence of elderly people with cognitive deficit. All patients diagnosed with MNAmalnutrition presented cognitive decline due to MMSE. The results of this study indicate that malnourished elderly individuals present cognitive problems. It is concluded that there is a high percentage of elderly hospitalized at nutritional risk. Although it is a problem, all malnourished elderly in this study have cognitive problems.
AVALIAÇÃO DO PERFIL LIPÍDICO E HEPÁTICO DE RATOS WISTAR ALIMENTADOS COM DIETA HIPERCALÓRICA E SUPLEMENTADOS COM BIXINA
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Patrícia , Lopes Haidamus Leandro , Luís de Carvalho Wanderson
Published: February 2019

The hypercaloric diet is an important inducer of dyslipidemias and, in turn, causes damage to health, especially to the liver.This work was developed with the objective of testing bixin, a carotenoid present in the seeds of annatto (Bixa orellanaL.), verifying its side effects on lipid and hepatic metabolism in rats. Fifteen animals were randomly divided into control (C), hypercaloric (H) and hypercaloric groups with bixin (H+B) with five animals each, receiving feed ad libtumduring the period of 25 days.The diet with bixin promoted weight maintenance, decreased ALT levels, decreased triglyceride levels and increased HDL-c. Theliver histopathology showed a decrease in fat degeneration, inflammatory infiltrate and cell injury.
INTERVENÇÕES FARMACÊUTICAS E SUA IMPORTÂNCIA NA SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE HOSPITALIZADO
Authors: Aparecida Maioli Nayara , Cesar Barbosa Santos Hernani
Published: February 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the pharmaceutical interventions performed during the analysis of medical prescriptions and the representativeness of the pharmaceutical professional in the prevention of medication related errors. The data were collected from the records available in the Clinical Pharmacist Interventions and Actions table, used routinely, over a period of 8 months. The variables were: dosage, route of administration, pharmaceutical form, inappropriate drug, dose inconsistencies and unnecessary blood glucose tests. 933 interventions were reported, 263 referring to the posology, 139 the route of administration, 47 the pharmaceutical form, 116 the inappropriate drug, 310 the dose and 58 to unnecessary blood glucose tests, demonstrating the importance of the clinical pharmacist in the prevention of errors. The safety of the patient depends on the active participation of the pharmacist, as these have contributed greatly in minimizing damages that could endanger the lives of inpatients.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO GOLEIRO E SUA PARTICIPAÇÃO TÁTICA COM A BOLA NOS PÉS
Authors: Renato Rossi Wellington , Lucas Polizel Fagundes José , da Silva Santos Lucas , Akio Tamura Ozaki Guilherme , Alex Carvalho Zanuto Everton , Chacon Castoldi Robson , Carlos Silva Camargo Filho José
Published: February 2019

Modern football has become faster and more dynamic due to changes in rules. In this way, with all the tactical modifications, the goalkeeper startedto have even greater importance within his team. This study aimed to analyze the importance of the goalkeeper in professional football matches. Thirteen football matches were analyzed, divided into two groups. Group 1 was comprised of the analysis of ninematches played during the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Group 2 was formed by four matches of other competitions, selected from the participation of goalkeepers with greater skill in the feet, according to the ranking of goal of the International Federation of Football History & Statistics(IFFHS). The games were downloaded on the public domain site of Youtube and then analyzed through the software SKOUT, regarding the tactical positioning and quantification of the numbers of each goalkeeper (technical part) during the matches. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test was used for normality analysis and then the Student's t-test for independent samples (p<0.05). It was verified that the goalkeepers of Group 2 presented greater participation in the fundamentals of pass, reception, finishing, hand replacement, driving and scored goals (p<0.05). However, in the mean of errors in the pass, reception and driving fundamentals the differences were not significant. It is concluded that the goalkeepers of Group 2 presented greater participation in the fundamentals that required skill with the possession of ball.
PREVALÊNCIA DO TABAGISMO ENTRE ACADÊMICOS DE MEDICINA DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE DO INTERIOR DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Bertoldo Lopes Jessyka , Bordignon Uliana Tatiane , Stang Huning Heloisa , Francisco Arantes de Souza Lilian , Moraes Mello Emanuele
Published: February 2019

The objective of this study was to verify the prevalence of smokers among medical students. Among the 455 students who answered the questionnaire, the prevalence of smokers was 8.1%, the mean age being 24.9 years and male predominance (64.8%, p=0.0004). The main reasons for smoking initiation were: friends (45.9%), anxiety (32.4%) and stress (18.9%). Predominantly they lived alone (45.9%) and keep social relationwith smokers 83.7% (p<0.0001). Health professionals were considered as "behaviourmodels" for 70% of smokers and non-smokers, however, non-smokers consider it more important to conduct campaigns on the subject (p=0.0183). The mild degree of dependence characterized 89.1% of smokers, according to the Fagerstöm Test. Although 72.9% reported their desire to quit smoking, only 48.6% tried, and unsuccessfully. As a conclusion, smoking prevalence was relatively low compared to national statistics.
FAST HUG: UMA FERRAMENTA PARA FARMÁCIA CLÍNICA NA ATENÇÃO E SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE CRÍTICO
Authors: Aparecida Maioli Nayara , Fernanda dos Santos Ferrari Aline , Domingos dos Santos Tatiane , Cesar Barbosa Santos Hernani
Published: February 2019

FAST HUG is a check-listcomposed of seven essential items in daily prescription in patients hospitalized inthe Intensive Care Unit (ICU), allowing the identification of drug-related problems in these units, and seeks to ensure a safe, efficient and effective assistance to patients. The purpose of the discussion is to explain the advantages of using FAST HUG by clinical pharmacists in health care and safety of critically ill patients. In the literature review, it was observed that the FAST HUG to identify and prevent medication errors, promote patient safety, avoid problems arising from the care and maximize intensive care, and underline the importance of pharmaceutical care in clinical practice. Using FAST HUG ensures effective care and patient safety. Although there are still difficulties for specific training of intensive care clinical pharmacist, can be seen several clinical pharmacist action opportunities in the ICU.
Development of Functional Requirements for Ex Vivo Pathology Applications of In Vivo Microscopy Systems: A Proposal From the In Vivo Microscopy Committee of the College of American Pathologists
Authors: Mathur Sharad C. , Fitzmaurice Maryann , Reder Nicholas P. , Krishnamurthy Savitri , Kennedy Mary , Tearney Guillermo J. , Shevchuk-Chaban Maria M.
Published: February 2019

Context.—

In vivo microscopy (IVM) allows direct, real-time visualization of tissue histology in living patients without the need for tissue removal, processing, or staining. The IVM technologies in clinical use include confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography. These technologies also show promise for use with pathology specimens (ex vivo microscopy [EVM]). However, few systems designed for EVM are commercially available, at least in part because of the lack of defined minimal functional requirements (FRs).

Objective.—

To develop minimal FRs for likely high-volume pathology applications of EVM.

Design.—

The IVM Committee of the College of American Pathologists identified potential EVM pathology applications based on the published literature. A subcommittee of IVM and EVM early adopters and experts then defined FRs for the most likely EVM applications.

Results.—

Potential EVM applications include assessment of margins, adequacy of needle biopsies and aspirates for diagnosis, and transplant tissues; selection of tissue for molecular studies or biorepository; and guidance in block selection from gross specimens. The first 3 applications were selected for development of FRs. The FRs were identified based on existing laboratory practices and guidelines and input from experts in the field and included device footprint and portability, specimen preparation, imaging time, field of view or resolution, morphologic diagnostic capability, yield, accuracy, ease of use, safety, and cost.

Conclusions.—

Consensus was achieved on FRs that would accommodate the selected EVM applications. Publication and dissemination of those FRs will provide guidance to engineers, researchers, and vendors on how to optimally adapt IVM technologies for EVM for widespread adoption by pathologists.
Regeneração natural em fragmento de Floresta Ombrófila Semidecidual em Sergipe, Brasil
Authors: Fernandes Milton Marques , Silva Thalita Rocha , Pinto Alexandre Siqueira , Souza Icaro Bruno Andrade , Fernandes Márcia Rodrigues de Moura
Published: February 2019

O trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a florística, fitossociologia e similaridade florística entre o estrato regenerativo de duas áreas de um fragmento de Floresta Ombrófila Semidecidual, em diferentes estágios sucessionais (inicial e avançado), no município de São Cristóvão, SE. Para a avaliação da regeneração natural das espécies arbóreas foram alocadas de forma sistemática 10 parcelas de 10 m2 (2 m x 5 m) em cada área. Organizou-se a inventariação de todos os indivíduos regenerantes, em um nível de inclusão menor ou igual a 15 cm. Calcularam-se os parâmetros da estrutura horizontal, diversidade de Shannon, equabilidade de Pielou e similaridade florística entre as áreas estudadas. A floresta em estágio avançado de sucessão tem maior número de espécies, pertencentes ao grupo clímax na sucessão, porém as espécies com maior número de indivíduos são pioneiras nas duas áreas. A menor incidência de luz na regeneração natural da floresta em estágio avançado de sucessão resultou em uma maior densidade de espécies da regeneração. As duas áreas tiveram similaridade florística e de diversidade.
Raízes finas em árvores jovens de Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden
Authors: Dick Grasiele , Schumacher Mauro Valdir
Published: February 2019

As raízes finas proporcionam o cultivo do eucalipto nas mais diversas condições edáficas, contribuindo à ciclagem de nutrientes e melhoria da fertilidade do solo. O presente estudo teve o objetivo de caracterizar a produção de biomassa e distribuição das raízes finas (≤ 2 mm) em árvores jovens de Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden, cultivadas no bioma Pampa, Rio Grande do Sul. Aos 16 meses após o plantio foram coletados nove monólitos, divididos em 0 a 5, 5 a 10, 10 a 15 e 15 a 20 cm de profundidade do solo. A produção total de raízes finas é de 727,4 kg ha-1 e a biomassa radicular não difere entre as profundidades. A densidade das raízes finas varia de 0,31 a 0,39 g dm-3, reduzindo sutilmente após os 15 cm do perfil de solo. Esta distribuição radicular homogênea indica que fertilização mineral pode ser incorporada em até 20 cm de profundidade e, em curto prazo, por meio do turnover, estas raízes finas serão decompostas e adicionadas à matéria orgânica, proporcionando melhorias na fertilidade do solo.
Características fisiológicas de plantas hibernais com potencial fitorremediador sob influência dos herbicidas fomesafen e sulfentrazone
Authors:   Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Alves Carla , Galon Leandro ,   rofessor da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Câmpus Erechim/RS, Holz Cinthia Maethê , Kaizer Rosilene Rodrigues , Winter Fábio Luis , Concenço Germani , Nonemacher Felipe , Perin Gismael Francisco
Published: February 2019

O emprego de espécies vegetais para fitorremediação de solos contaminados com herbicidas persistentes, como os inibidores da enzima protoporfirinogênio oxidase (PROTOX), é uma alternativa interessante dos pontos de vista econômico e ambiental. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de fomesafen e sulfentrazone nas características relacionadas à fisiologia de espécies hibernais com potencial para aplicação como fitorremediadoras de solo contaminado por esses herbicidas. Dois experimentos foram instalados em casa de vegetação, um com o herbicida fomesafen e outro com o sulfentrazone, no delineamento de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Foram testadas doses dos herbicidas fomesafen (0,0; 0,125; 0,250; e 0,5 kg ha-1) e sulfentrazone (0,0; 0,3; 0,6; e 1,2 kg ha-1), marcas comerciais Flex® e Boral 500®, respectivamente, aplicadas na pré-emergência das espécies com potencial fitorremediador (aveia-preta, ervilhaca, nabo e cornichão). Aos 45 dias após a emergência das plantas, foram avaliados o índice de clorofila, a eficiência de carboxilação (EC- mol CO2 m-2 s-1), a condutância estomática de vapores de água (Gs - mol m-1 s-1), a concentração interna de CO2 (Ci - µmol mol-1), a taxa de transpiração (E - mol H2O m-2 s-1), a quantidade de CO2 consumido (QT - µmol mol-1), o uso eficiente da água (UEA - mol CO2 mol H2O-1), a temperatura da folha ΔT (ºC), a taxa fotossintética (A - µmol m-2 s-1) e a massa seca (g vaso-1) da parte aérea. Observou-se que a ervilhaca apresenta os melhores resultados para todas as variáveis avaliadas, demonstrando assim potencial para ser testada como fitorremediadora de solos contaminados com os herbicidas fomesafen e sulfentrazone.
Quantificação do volume total por meio de modelos volumétricos e de afilamento em Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Farias Klerysson Julio , Nicoletti Marcos Felipe , Aguiar Natália Saudade de
Published: February 2019

O presente estudo teve como comparar o desempenho das equações obtidas por meio de modelos volumétricos e de função de afilamento para obtenção do volume total individual com casca em povoamentos de Eucalyptus grandis, em Itatinga, SP. Para tanto, foram cubadas 180 árvores pelo método de Smalian. Após isso, foram selecionados e testados seis modelos volumétricos e quatro modelos de função de afilamento, sendo que para a seleção das melhores equações utilizaram-se os coeficientes de ajuste e precisão: R² ajustado, erro padrão da estimativa absoluto e em porcentagem e a análise gráfica da dispersão residual. Os melhores modelos de volumetria e afilamento foram submetidos ao teste qui-quadrado, a um nível de significância com 5% de probabilidade de erro, para verificar se existem diferenças significativas nas estimativas das equações. As equações volumétricas e de afilamento apresentaram bons valores de ajuste, grande maioria com R² ajustado maior que 0,95 e erros inferiores a 13%. As equações obtidas por meio do modelo de Meyer e do modelo Polinomial de 5º grau apresentaram os melhores desempenhos, sendo que após a análise pelo teste qui-quadrado ambos obtiveram valores calculados inferiores ao tabelado, indicando que tanto um quanto outro podem ser utilizados para estimativa do volume total das árvores.
Distribuição do cádmio nas frações químicas de um cambissolo flúvico alumínico gleissólico
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Daniel Eduardo da Silva , Miquelluti David José , Campos Mari Lucia , Madeira Marta de Moura , Bueno Dreyce Kisholli
Published: February 2019

A compreensão da distribuição dos elementos-traço às frações químicas do solo, mobilidade e concentração total são imprescindíveis no diagnóstico da contaminação e definição de estratégias de remediação de áreas contaminadas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo observar o comportamento do Cd nas diferentes frações químicas e do Cd total através da extração por água régia na camada superficial de um CAMBISSOLO FLÚVICO Alumínico gleisólico. Após a contaminação com doses crescentes e incubação do metal no solo, amostras foram analisadas através do protocolo de GOMES et al. (1997) para a extração sequencial, e através do protocolo ISO 11047 (1998) (água régia) para a extração total. A concentração de Cd foi determinada por espectrometria de absorção atômica. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância, sendo ajustadas equações de regressão entre as variáveis analisadas e as doses de Cd aplicadas no solo e calculadas as proporções do Cd alocado em cada fração e do Cd total recuperado. O aumento das doses de Cd aplicadas no solo experimentado elevou a concentração total, e a concentração as suas frações químicas, em ordem crescente de intensidade: óxidos de ferro < solúvel < residual < matéria orgânica < trocável. Proporcionalmente, sob baixas concentrações, o Cd tem maior tendência de ligar-se à matéria orgânica, óxidos de ferro e à fração residual. Sob altas concentrações, as frações solúvel e trocável somadas, que são as que apresentam maior mobilidade no solo, são mais representativas que as demais. A extração do Cd total através do método da água régia retornou valores acima de 77% das doses aplicadas no solo, apresentando elevada eficiência para concentrações de até 200 mg kg-1.
Estoque de carbono orgânico total e fracionamento granulométrico da matéria orgânica em sistemas de uso do solo no Cerrado
Authors:   Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul, Nanzer Marina Chiquito , Ensinas Simone Cândido , Barbosa Giselle Feliciani , Barreta Paulo Gabriel Vechetin , Oliveira Taine Pereira de , Silva Jeferson Rogério Marques da , Paulino Leonardo Albino
Published: February 2019

Os sistemas de uso do solo apresentam potencial de alterar os estoques de carbono orgânico, podendo permanecer estáveis, aumentar ou diminuir em relação à área sem interferência antrópica. Com isso, objetivou-se quantificar e comparar os estoques de carbono orgânico total, carbono orgânico associado aos minerais, carbono orgânico particulado e calcular o índice de manejo de carbono em solos cultivados sob diferentes sistemas de uso. Os tratamentos foram representados por seis sistemas de uso do solo: vegetação nativa de cerrado, seringueira solteira, seringueira consorciada com abacaxi, pastagem de Brachiaria sp. com 30 anos, pastagem de Brachiaria sp. com três anos e sistema de plantio convencional. Em cada sistema foram coletadas amostras de solo nas camadas de 0-10, 10-20 e 20-30 cm para avaliar os teores e estoques de carbono no solo, e amostras indeformadas com anéis volumétricos para estimar a densidade do solo. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise pelo teste de Scott-Knott (p≤0,05). O carbono orgânico total e as frações granulométricas da matéria orgânica mostraram ser um atributo promissor para avaliação da qualidade do solo. O carbono orgânico total, carbono orgânico particulado e carbono orgânico associado aos minerais foram superiores para vegetação nativa, pastagem de Brachiaria sp. 30 anos, seguidos pelos sistemas com seringueira. O índice de manejo de carbono calculado indicou que o uso de seringueira agrega benefícios ao solo a médio e longo prazo, seguido pelo tratamento com Brachiaria sp.
Amériques, langues et espace dans Le quatrième siècle d’Édouard Glissant et Pélagie-la-Charrette d’Antonine Maillet
Authors: Crainic Corina
Published: February 2019

Cet article propose une analyse des romans d’Édouard Glissant et d’Antonine Maillet qui traitent de cet exercice périlleux que constitue l’effort d’une reconstruction identitaire sur fond de dépossession. Le quatrième siècle de Glissant et Pélagie-la-Charrette de Maillet, oeuvres représentatives d’expériences particulières vécues par les francophonies américaines, s’efforcent de rendre compte des injustices tout en développant une réflexion tendue vers l’ouverture à cette étonnante métamorphose américaine, qui permet d’accepter – ou même seulement de se soumettre à – la rencontre, parfois douloureuse, de l’Autre en ce continent vu comme meurtrier et prometteur.
La devoción a san Jorge durante el siglo XVIII en Durango. A propósito de un lienzo conservado en la sacristía de la catedral
Authors: Martínez Romero Adolfo
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT: St. George was one of the best known figures in Christendom, due both to his unique story as well as for the help he gave to the various Spanish kingdoms in the fight against the enemies of Jesus Christ. His cult spread to New Spain where he was known, although not in the same manner as in Europe. But nevertheless, in the cathedral of the bishopric of Durango, the efforts of bishop Pedro Anselmo Sánchez de Tagle interests resulted in St. George being declared patron of the city in 1749 by both civil and ecclesiastical chapters. This event granted the saint another function: the fight against poisonous animals, specifically, the scorpions endemic to the region. As a result, the Saint's iconography experienced an unprecedented and meaningful change that included the depiction of a series of arachnids alongside the dragon. This is reflected in the canvas that is still located in the sacristy of this cathedral, a painting that is unique in the History of Art.
 
KEYWORDS: Saint George; Iconography; Bishop; Nobiliary Shield; Scorpions; Devotion; Sacristy.
 
 
RESUMEN: San Jorge fue una de las figuras más difundidas en todo el Cristianismo, tanto por su singular historia como por el auxilio que prestó a los diversos reinos españoles en la lucha contra los enemigos de Jesucristo. Su culto logró llegar a la Nueva España donde fue conocido, aunque no siempre con el mismo sentido. Así, en la Catedral del Obispado de Durango, los intereses del obispo Pedro Anselmo Sánchez de Tagle lograron que el Cabildo Civil y el Cabildo Eclesiástico juraran a este santo como patrono de la ciudad en 1749. Este hecho le asignó una nueva encomienda: la lucha contra los animales ponzoñosos, específicamente los alacranes. Igualmente, este evento inédito permitió que a través de los años, la visualidad habitual de san Jorge haya experimentado uno de los cambios más significativos, al incluir una serie de arácnidos junto a la famosa representación del dragón. Lo anterior se ve reflejado en el gran lienzo que se conserva en la sacristía de dicha catedral, el cual es único dentro de la Historia del Arte. 
 
PALABRAS CLAVES: San Jorge; iconografía; obispo; escudo nobiliario; alacranes; devoción; sacristía.
Morales Folguera, José Miguel [2018]. El apogeo de la fiesta barroca en Nápoles y Sicilia por el rey Felipe V
Authors: Mayorga Chamorro José Ignacio
Published: February 2019

Recensión del libro:MORALES FOLGUERA, José Miguel [2018]. El apogeo de la fiesta barrroca en Nápoles y Sicilia por el rey Felipe V, Málaga, umaeditorial, 116 pp.
Protein signatures linking history of miscarriages and metabolic syndrome: a proteomic study among North Indian women
Authors: Sharma Saurabh , Yadav Suniti , Chandiok Ketaki , Sharma Radhey Shyam , Mishra Vandana , Saraswathy Kallur Nava
Published: February 2019

Background

Metabolic syndrome (MeS), a constellation of metabolic adversities, and history of miscarriage make women at a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, molecular evidence indicating a link between the two phenotypes (history of miscarriage and MeS) among women would offer an opportunity to predict the risk factor for CVDs at an early stage. Thus, the present retrospective study attempts to identify the proteins signatures (if any) to understand the connection between the history of miscarriage and MeS.

Methods

Age-matched 80 pre-menopausal women who were not on any medical intervention or drugs were recruited from a Mendelian population of the same gene pool. Recruited women were classified into four groups—(a) Group A—absolute cases with history of miscarriage and MeS, (b) Group B—absolute controls without any history of miscarriage and MeS, (c) Group C—cases with MeS but lack any history of miscarriage, (d) Group D—cases with history of miscarriage but lack MeS. Differentially expressed proteins in plasma samples of women from four groups were identified using 2-D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry.

Results

Three case groups (A, C, and D) showed 18 differentially expressed proteins. Nearly 60% of proteins (11/18) were commonly dysregulated in Group C (only with MeS) and Group D (only with miscarriage history). Nearly 40% of proteins (7/18) were commonly dysregulated in the three case groups (Groups A, C, and D), indicating a shared pathophysiology. Four proteins were exclusive but shared by case groups C and D indicating the independent routes for CVDs through MeS or miscarriages. In absolute cases, transthyretin (TTR) showed exclusive upregulation, which was further validated by Western blotting and ELISA. Networking analyses showed the strong association of TTR with haptoglobin, transferrin and ApoA1 hinting toward a cross-talk among these proteins which could be a cause or an effect of TTR upregulation.

Conclusion

The study provides evidence for molecular link between the history of miscarriage and MeS through a putative role of TTR. However, longitudinal follow-up studies with larger sample size would further help to demonstrate the significance of TTR and other targeted proteins in risk stratification and the onset of CVDs.
Additional sauropod dinosaur material from the Callovian Oxford Clay Formation, Peterborough, UK: evidence for higher sauropod diversity
Authors: Holwerda Femke M. , Evans Mark , Liston Jeff J.
Published: February 2019

Four isolated sauropod axial elements from the Oxford Clay Formation (Callovian, Middle Jurassic) of Peterborough, UK, are described. Two associated posterior dorsal vertebrae show a dorsoventrally elongated centrum and short neural arch, and nutrient or pneumatic foramina, most likely belonging to a non-neosauropod eusauropod, but showing ambiguous non-neosauropod eusauropod and neosauropod affinities. An isolated anterior caudal vertebra displays a ventral keel, a ‘shoulder’ indicating a wing-like transverse process, along with a possible prespinal lamina. This, together with an overall high complexity of the anterior caudal transverse process (ACTP) complex, indicates that this caudal could have belonged to a neosauropod. A second isolated middle-posterior caudal vertebra also shows some diagnostic features, despite the neural spine and neural arch not being preserved and the neurocentral sutures being unfused. The positioning of the neurocentral sutures on the anterior one third of the centrum indicates a middle caudal position, and the presence of faint ventrolateral crests, as well as a rhomboid anterior articulation surface, suggest neosauropod affinities. The presence of possible nutrient foramina are only tentative evidence of a neosauropod origin, as they are also found in Late Jurassic non-neosauropod eusauropods. As the caudals from the two other known sauropods from the Peterborough Oxford Clay,Cetiosauriscus stewartiand an indeterminate non-neosauropod eusauropod, do not show the features seen on either of the new elements described, both isolated caudals indicate a higher sauropod species diversity in the faunal assemblage than previously recognised. An exploratory phylogenetic analysis using characters from all four isolated elements supports a basal neosauropod placement for the anterior caudal, and a diplodocid origin for the middle caudal. The dorsal vertebrae are an unstable OTU, and therefore remain part of an indeterminate eusauropod of uncertain affinities. Together withCetiosauriscus, and other material assigned to different sauropod groups, this study indicates the presence of a higher sauropod biodiversity in the Oxford Clay Formation than previously recognised. This study shows that it is still beneficial to examine isolated elements, as these may be indicators for higher species richness in deposits that are otherwise poor in terrestrial fauna.
Age differences in the effect of animacy on Mandarin sentence processing
Authors: Liu Xinmiao , Wang Wenbin , Wang Haiyan
Published: February 2019

Animate nouns are preferred for grammatical subjects, whereas inanimate nouns are preferred for grammatical objects. Animacy provides important semantic cues for sentence comprehension. However, how individuals’ ability to use this animacy cue changes with advancing age is still not clear. The current study investigated whether older adults and younger adults were differentially sensitive to this semantic constraint in processing Mandarin relative clauses, using a self-paced reading paradigm. The sentences used in the study contained subject relative clauses or object relative clauses and had animate or inanimate subjects. The results indicate that the animacy manipulation affected the younger adults more than the older adults in online processing. Younger adults had longer reading times for all segments in subject relative clauses than in object relative clauses when the subjects were inanimate, whereas there was no significant difference in reading times between subject and object relative clauses when the subjects were animate. In the older group, animacy was not found to influence the processing difficulty of subject relative clauses and object relative clauses. Compared with younger adults, older adults were less sensitive to animacy constraints in relative clause processing. The findings indicate that the use of animacy cues became less efficient in the ageing population. The results can be explained by the capacity constrained comprehension theory, according to which older adults have greater difficulty in integrating semantic information with syntactic processing due to the lack of sufficient cognitive resources.
Factors that affect the growth and photosynthesis of the filamentous green algae, Chaetomorpha valida, in static sea cucumber aquaculture ponds with high salinity and high pH
Authors: Xing Ronglian , Ma Weiwei , Shao Yiwen , Cao Xuebin , Chen Lihong , Jiang Aili
Published: February 2019

Chaetomorpha valida, dominant filamentous green algae, can be harmful to sea cucumber growth in aquaculture ponds of China. In order to understand the environmental factors affecting the growth of C. valida in sea cucumber aquaculture ecosystems, a combination of field investigations and laboratory experiments were conducted. Field surveys over one year revealed that C. valida survived in sea cucumber aquaculture ponds in salinities ranging from 24.3 ± 0.01‰ to 32.0 ± 0.02‰ and a pH range of 7.5 ± 0.02–8.6 ± 0.04. The high salinity and pH during the period of low C. valida biomass from January to May lay the foundation for its rapid growth in the following months of June to October. Many factors interact in the field environment, thus, laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the isolated effects of pH and salinity on C. valida growth. In laboratory experiments, samples were incubated under different salinity and pH conditions at 25 °C, with a light intensity of 108 μmol photon·m−2·s−1, and a photoperiod of 12 L:12 D. Results showed that salinity and pH significantly affect the growth and Fv/Fm (quantum yield of photosynthesis) of C. valida (p < 0.01). C. valida grew the longest at a salinity of 34‰ and a pH of 8.0. At 34‰ salinity, C. valida grew to 26.44 ± 5.89 cm in 16 days. At a pH of 8.0, C. valida grew to 67.96 ± 4.45 cm in 32 days. Fv/Fm was 0.635 ± 0.002 at a salinity of 32‰, and 0.550 ± 0.006 to 0.660± 0.001 at pH 7.0 to 8.5. Based on these results, we conclude that C. valida can bloom in sea cucumber ponds due to the high salinity and pH of coastal sea waters, which promote growth and maintain the photosynthetic activity of C. valida.
O papel do movimento negro para as relações étnico-raciais nas políticas de cultura em Ituiutaba-MG (2015-2016)
Authors: De Oliveira Mizael Náiade Cristina
Published: February 2019

O Plano Nacional de Cultura (2010) em vigor tem por meta garantir a valorização, o reconhecimento, a promoção e a preservação da diversidade cultural existente. Analisamos, no microcosmo do município de Ituiutaba, os desafios para o cumprimento dessas metas, por meio de uma pesquisa etnográfica que investigou sete eventos culturais públicos abertos, patrocinados ou apoiados pela Prefeitura Municipal e o Movimento Negro, para compreender seu papel à educação não formal das relações étnico-raciais. A partir da compreensão antropológica e sociológica dos conceitos de Estado, políticas públicas, espaço, território, negritude, pertencimento, cultura e identidade, temos como resultado que as lutas de poder são determinantes para o cumprimento de tais metas e concluímos a importância do Movimento Negro para tanto. Palavras-chave: políticas públicas, movimento negro, cultura, Ituiutaba.
Entre o ethos criminoso e o professoral: a tentativa de censura do videoclipe “Isso aqui é uma guerra” do grupo Facção Central
Authors: Soledade Alisson Cruz
Published: February 2019

No final da década de 1990 o grupo de rap Facção Central produziu seu primeiro videoclipe. Intitulado de “Isso aqui é uma guerra” o clipe era composto por uma narrativa bastante presente no rap brasileiro do período que tematizava a crescente violência urbana nas capitais brasileiras, o racismo e as desigualdades sociais. Contudo, o promotor de justiça Carlos Cardoso recebeu denúncias de que o grupo fazia apologia ao crime no seu audiovisual e solicitou a proibição da veiculação do clipe e a autuação dos rappers. Desta forma, discuto neste texto como o promotor e os artistas procuraram construir imagens de si como forma de ratificar suas posições e desacreditar o outro no período do conflito.
Os limites da rua: uma discussão sobre regulação, tensão e dissidência das atividades culturais nos espaços públicos do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Barroso Flávia Magalhães , Fernandes Cíntia Sanmartin
Published: February 2019

Buscamos refletir sobre os processos de regulação da cultura de rua no Rio de Janeiro. Os espaços privados são, em sua maioria, altamente submetidos à vigilância e por isso, tendem a se ajustar de formas mais intensa às políticas de censura e regulação. A rua, por sua vez, é espaço difuso e fragmentado, de difícil apreensão e controle, por onde são forjadas práticas que desafiam a estrutura vigilante da cultura. O controle das práticas culturais de rua apresenta, nesse sentido, dificuldades específicas vinculadas ao ethos da rua que se refere aos nomadismos, às práticas criativas e à coletividade. Para tanto, discutiremos a legislação dos eventos de rua na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, as novas proposições de regulação e as práticas dissensuais que se apresentam na contramão desse cenário de enrijecimento no controle das práticas culturais de rua na cidade.
Cotas de conteúdo brasileiro na TV paga: Censura ou Regulação de conteúdo?
Authors: Pessotto Ana Heloiza Vita
Published: February 2019

A aproximação entre os conceitos de censura e regulação de conteúdo gera, muitas vezes, confusões que dificultam o desenvolvimento e a aplicação de políticas afirmativas no âmbito da comunicação e da cultura. Este artigo apresenta e identifica como se caracterizam, neste cenário, as cotas de veiculação de conteúdo brasileiro impostas na Lei da TV paga. Baseia-se nos estudos brasileiros de políticas públicas, representados aqui por Pieranti (2008), Ramos (2005), Bolaño (2007). Formulam-se indicadores que caracterizam a distinção entre censura e regulação de conteúdo, partindo dos critérios descritos por Pieranti (2008) e da discussão do conceito de censura pautada por Ang (2003), Krug e Morgan (2010) e Hopkins (2008). O presente trabalho considera, após análise, as cotas como regulação de conteúdo.