bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Different Sets of Features for Human Activity Recognition by Wearable Sensors
Authors: Rosati Samanta , Balestra Gabriella , Knaflitz Marco
Published: November 2018

Human Activity Recognition (HAR) refers to an emerging area of interest for medical, military, and security applications. However, the identification of the features to be used for activity classification and recognition is still an open point. The aim of this study was to compare two different feature sets for HAR. Particularly, we compared a set including time, frequency, and time-frequency domain features widely used in literature (FeatSet_A) with a set of time-domain features derived by considering the physical meaning of the acquired signals (FeatSet_B). The comparison of the two sets were based on the performances obtained using four machine learning classifiers. Sixty-one healthy subjects were asked to perform seven different daily activities wearing a MIMU-based device. Each signal was segmented using a 5-s window and for each window, 222 and 221 variables were extracted for the FeatSet_A and FeatSet_B respectively. Each set was reduced using a Genetic Algorithm (GA) simultaneously performing feature selection and classifier optimization. Our results showed that Support Vector Machine achieved the highest performances using both sets (97.1% and 96.7% for FeatSet_A and FeatSet_B respectively). However, FeatSet_B allows to better understand alterations of the biomechanical behavior in more complex situations, such as when applied to pathological subjects.
Measuring Dynamic Leg Length during Normal Gait
Authors: Khamis Sam , Springer Shmuel , Ovadia Dror , Krimus Sima , Carmeli Eli
Published: November 2018

Dynamic leg length [DLL] is a resultant factor of anatomic leg length and lower limb movement that is measured by the distance from the hip to the heel, ankle, and forefoot during the gait cycle. The aim of this study was to present DLL measurement during normal gait. Forty healthy participants underwent a gait evaluation using a motion analysis system. The average DLLs were compared between sides during the gait cycle using the paired t-test at 51 sample points. Time of maximal and minimal DLLs and the ratio between maximal and minimal DLLs during the gait cycle were calculated. DLLs were found to be consistent, indicated by a within standard deviation of <6.65 mm and by being symmetrical with no significant differences between sides [p > 0.103]. DLL patterns and time of maximal and minimal DLLs were established. The ratio between maximal DLLs during the stance phase and minimal DLLs during the swing phase was also defined and found to be symmetrical. Normative data of DLL measures were set with respect to magnitude and pattern during the gait cycle. These data might serve as a reference for abnormal gait deviation reflected by abnormal DLLs, thus promoting a new perspective in gait analysis.
Development of a Building Information Modeling-Parametric Workflow Based Renovation Strategy for an Exemplary Apartment Building in Seoul, Korea
Authors: Amoruso Fabrizio Maria , Dietrich Udo , Schuetze Thorsten
Published: November 2018

Apartments in South Korea have high maintenance costs and an average lifetime of 25 years due to poor construction qualities. The common apartment redevelopment strategy is completely demolishing the neighborhoods and then replacing them with new buildings. However, this research discusses the framework for the refurbishment of an existing building in Seoul using Building Information Modeling (BIM) and parametric tools. The virtual model of an exemplary existing building is constructed in a BIM environment. Parametric software is used to simulate the building’s environmental performance, in order to determine its energy demand for heating and cooling and the indoor comfort. In order to reduce the energy demand for heating and cooling, improve the indoor comfort, generate photovoltaic energy and extend the building’s lifetime, a modular building envelope renovation system is developed. Building simulation results of the improved building envelope are used to quantify the differences with the existing building. The research results illustrate significant improvements in energy performance, comfort and lifetime extension that can be achieved. Furthermore, a guideline for a streamlined building optimization process is provided, that can be transferred and used for the planning and optimization of other building renovation projects.
Architectural Design and Open Innovation Symbiosis: Insights from Research Campuses, Manufacturing Systems, and Innovation Districts
Authors: Yun JinHyo Joseph , Zhao Xiaofei , Yigitcanlar Tan , Lee DooSeok , Ahn HeungJu
Published: November 2018

In the age of knowledge-based economies, open innovation has increasing importance. This study aimed to explore the architectural design approaches that can revitalize innovation activities in the era of knowledge-based economies. This paper investigated global case research campuses, manufacturing systems, and innovation districts where architectural design supports innovation activities. This study developed a research framework of architectural design for innovation and applied it in the selected case studies to generate insights. First, the research campuses selected as case studies included Panopticon, DGIST Education and Research Campuses, and Apple Park. Second, the open innovation of manufacturing system architecture was analyzed through the case studies of the Ford Motor Company, Toyota Motor Corporation, and Rolls-Royce Motor Cars. Third, this paper studied the clustered open innovation architectures of Macquarie Park, One North, and Strijp-S Innovation Districts. The findings revealed how tacit knowledge motivates open innovation through the design of manufacturing systems, research campuses, and innovation districts through real examples and mathematical or concept model building.
Sustainability Reporting and Performance Measurement Systems: How do Small- and Medium-Sized Benefit Corporations Manage Integration?
Authors: Nigri Giorgia , Del Baldo Mara
Published: November 2018

Benefit Corporations and B Corps represent alternative models of enterprise, often referred to as “hybrid companies” that bridge the for-profit and not-for-profit models. Italy is the first country outside the USA to pass Benefit Corporation legislation and introduce the Società Benefit. A large number of Italian Benefit Corporations are small- and medium-sized companies (SMEs), since SMEs are widespread within the entrepreneurial fabric and have great relevance in the Italian socio-economic context. A key issue in the emerging debate on small- and medium-sized Benefit Corporations concerns how these companies—with limited reach and considerable financial and human resource constraints—can effectively absorb their added social responsibility. In particular, such firms need to manage their dual mission, integrate social and environmental goals in their business model, and incorporate accountability mechanisms, all while scaling up and garnering the necessary resources to be economically competitive. Starting from these premises, this paper focuses on the performance measurement and reporting systems that are adopted by SMEs that are also Benefit Corporations, and investigates whether benefit impact assessment indicators integrate into an overall sustainability performance management system. To achieve this goal, an exploratory case-based analysis on seven small- and medium-sized Italian-certified Benefit Corporations is presented.
Spatial Effects of Public Service Facilities Accessibility on Housing Prices: A Case Study of Xi’an, China
Authors: Lan Feng , Wu Qi , Zhou Tao , Da Huili
Published: November 2018

The premium effect of public service facilities on the housing market is a critical determinant of housing prices, leading to the competition of different social groups in the housing market and fueling spatial inequality. Taking Xi’an, China as a case in point, this study uses Geographic Information System (GIS) to describe the spatial distribution pattern of housing prices and urban public service facilities. Using the mixed geographically weighted regression model (MGWR) and the geographical detector model (GD), this study reveals the spatial effects of these facilities’ accessibility on housing prices. The results show that commercial and leisure facilities are spatially stationary, whereas a non-stationary effect is observed among those providing educational, medical, cultural, sport, and financial services. From the urban spatial resource allocation perspective, facilities meeting people’s basic needs, such as medical care and education, constitute the basic elements of housing price differentiation. When any two of these interact, a bivariate-enhanced effect emerges. The decisive interactive elements of housing price differentiation involve the facilities meeting people’s higher-level needs, such as leisure, culture, sports, and finance. When these interactive elements interact with other facilities, a non-linear enhancement effect is induced. This research is of practical value for improving people’s living quality, optimizing the spatial distribution of public service facilities, and eliminating urban spatial inequality.
Equilibrium Model of Housing Choice for Heterogeneous Households under Public Rental Housing Policy
Authors: Zhou Shumin , Sun Huijun , Guan Tianchao , Li Tongfei
Published: November 2018

The rapid development of urban rail transit system leads to the rising land rent and housing rent along the rail transit line. In order to respond to housing demand for low-income households, the public rental housing policy came into being. Public rental housing, with the advantage of lower rent than commercial housing, has become the primary choice for low-income households. However, the preset location of public rental housing is usually in the suburbs, separating the workplace and residence, which increases in travel cost. Consequently, it is particularly necessary to study the effect of public rental housing on the utilities of heterogeneous households from the perspective of transportation, and an equilibrium model of housing choice for heterogeneous households under public rental housing policy has been suggested in this paper. The result shows that the change in average operating speed of the rail may lead to the difference in urban residential formation and the increased speed of the rail may not be able to eliminate the location disadvantage of public rental housing. Furthermore, we find that ultra-limit public rental housing with the remote location is detrimental for low-income households. The model explicitly considers the interaction among the government, property developers, and heterogeneous households in the housing market, and can be utilized as an instruction for the future sustainable development of public rental housing.
Hydrochemical Characteristics and Groundwater Quality Assessment in the Diluvial Fan of Gaoqiao, Emei Mountain, China
Authors: Yang Yanna , Xu Wenlai , Chen Jinyao , Chen Qiang , Pan Zhicheng
Published: November 2018

Methods for groundwater quality and pollution assessment are applied extensively, but it is difficult to determine a unified evaluation model. On the basis of hydrogeochemical characteristics analysis in 2016 compared with that in 1995, the five-element connection number SPA (set pair analysis) method was applied to evaluate the groundwater quality of the Gaoqiao diluvial fan under the influence of hydrogeological conditions and human activities along the flow path in our work. Descriptive statistics methods, Piper diagram, and a Schoeller diagram were also used to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater such as chemical components, total dissolved solid, and total hardness. The change of the typical pollutant of fluorine was analyzed to evaluate the groundwater quality under the influence of human activities. The results showed that the groundwater quality in the study area was more in rank П. The basic hydrochemical types of shallow groundwater were HCO3-Ca·Mg and HCO3·SO4-Ca·Mg. The influencing factors of the hydrochemical component of groundwater were identified in the Gaoqiao diluvial fan. The quality of groundwater changed slightly from the top to the edge of the fan due to the water–rock interaction except for in Yucun and Hucun influenced by human activities. The assessment result can provide a scientific basis for the pollution prevention and changing process control of the groundwater in the hydrogeological unit of the Gaoqiao diluvial fan.
Numerical Investigation of Heat Conduction with Multiple Moving Heat Sources
Authors: Hu Zhicheng
Published: November 2018

This paper is concerned about the efficiently numerical simulation of heat conduction problems with multiple heat sources that are allowed to move with different speeds. Based on the dynamical domain decomposition upon the trajectories of moving sources, which are solved by a predictor–corrector algorithm, a non-overlapping domain-decomposed moving mesh method is developed. Such a method can not only generate the adaptive mesh efficiently by parallel computing, but also greatly simplify the discretization of the underlying equations without loss of accuracy. Numerical examples for various motions of sources are presented to illustrate the accuracy, the convergence rate and the efficiency of the proposed method. The dependence of the solution on the moving sources such as the types of motion and the distance between sources is numerically investigated. A blow-up phenomenon that occurs at multiple locations simultaneously can also be well observed for the case of symmetrically moving sources.
Gaze-Controlled Virtual Retrofitting of UAV-Scanned Point Cloud Data
Authors: B. N. Pavan Kumar , B. Adithya , B. Chethana , Patil Ashok Kumar , Chai Young Ho
Published: November 2018

This study proposed a gaze-controlled method for visualization, navigation, and retrofitting of large point cloud data (PCD), produced by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) mounted with laser range-scanners. For this purpose, the estimated human gaze point was used to interact with a head-mounted display (HMD) to visualize the PCD and the computer-aided design (CAD) models. Virtual water treat plant pipeline models were considered for retrofitting against the PCD of the actual pipelines. In such an application, the objective was to use the gaze data to interact with the HMD so the virtual retrofitting process was performed by navigating with the eye gaze. It was inferred that the integration of eye gaze tracking for visualization and interaction with the HMD could improve both speed and functionality for human–computer interaction. A usability study was conducted to investigate the speed of the proposed method against the mouse interaction-based retrofitting. In addition, immersion, interface quality and accuracy was analyzed by adopting the appropriate questionnaire and user learning was tested by conducting experiments in iterations from participants. Finally, it was verified whether any negative psychological factors, such as cybersickness, general discomfort, fatigue, headache, eye strain and difficulty concentrating through the survey experiment.
Symmetric Identities of Hermite-Bernoulli Polynomials and Hermite-Bernoulli Numbers Attached to a Dirichlet Character χ
Authors: Araci Serkan , Khan Waseem Ahmad , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy
Published: November 2018

We aim to introduce arbitrary complex order Hermite-Bernoulli polynomials and Hermite-Bernoulli numbers attached to a Dirichlet character χ and investigate certain symmetric identities involving the polynomials, by mainly using the theory of p-adic integral on Z p . The results presented here, being very general, are shown to reduce to yield symmetric identities for many relatively simple polynomials and numbers and some corresponding known symmetric identities.
Geometric Objects: A Quality Index to Electromagnetic Energy Transfer Performance in Sustainable Smart Buildings
Authors: Bravo Juan C. , Castilla Manuel V.
Published: November 2018

Sustainable smart buildings play an essential role in terms of more efficient energy. However, these buildings as electric loads are affected by an important distortion in the current and voltage waveforms caused by the increasing proliferation of nonlinear electronic devices. Overall, buildings all around the world consume a significant amount of energy, which is about one-third of the total primary energy resources. Optimization of the power transfer process of such amount of energy is a crucial issue that needs specific tools to integrate energy-efficient behaviour throughout the grid. When nonlinear loads are present, new capable ways of thinking are needed to consider the effects of harmonics and related power components. In this manner, technology innovations are necessary to update the power factor concept to a generalized total or a true one, where different power components involved in it calculation, properly reflect each harmonic interaction. This work addresses an innovative theory that applies the Poynting Vector philosophy via Geometric Algebra to the electromagnetic energy transfer process providing a physical foundation. In this framework, it is possible to analyse and detect the nature of disturbing loads in the exponential growth of new globalized buildings and architectures in our era. This new insight is based on the concept of geometric objects with different dimension: vector, bivector, trivector, multivector. Within this paper, these objects are correlated with the electromagnetic quantities responsible for the energy flow supplied to the most common loads in sustainable smart buildings. Besides, it must be considered that these phenomena are characterized by a quality index multivector appropriate even for detecting harmonic sources. A numerical example is used to illustrate the clear capabilities of the suggested index when it applies to industrial loads for optimization of energy control systems and enhance comfort management in smart sustainable buildings.
Light Propagation through Nanophotonics Wormholes
Authors: Sabín Carlos
Published: November 2018

We consider the propagation of light along a 3D nanophotonic structure with the spatial shape of a spacetime containing a traversable wormhole. We show that waves experience significant changes of phase and group velocities when propagating along this curved space. This experiment can be realized with state-of-the-art nanophotonics technology.
Using a Distributed Hydrologic Model to Improve the Green Infrastructure Parameterization Used in a Lumped Model
Authors: Fry Timothy J. , Maxwell Reed M.
Published: November 2018

Stormwater represents a complex and dynamic component of the urban water cycle. Hydrologic models have been used to study pre- and post-development hydrology, including green infrastructure. However, many of these models are applied in urban environments with very little formal verification and/or benchmarking. Here we present the results of an intercomparison study between a distributed model (Gridded Surface Subsurface Hydrologic Analysis, GSSHA) and a lumped parameter model (the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Storm Water Management Model, EPA-SWMM) for an urban system. The distributed model scales to higher resolutions, allows for rainfall to be spatially and temporally variable, and solves the shallow water equations. The lumped model uses a non-linear reservoir method to determine runoff rates and volumes. Each model accounts for infiltration, initial abstraction losses, but solves the watershed flow equations in a different way. We use an urban case study with representation of green infrastructure to test the behavior of both models. Results from this case study show that when calibrated, the lumped model is able to represent green infrastructure for small storm events at lower implementation levels. However, as both storm intensity and amount of green infrastructure implementation increase, the lumped model diverges from the distributed model, overpredicting the benefits of green infrastructure on the system. We performed benchmark test cases to evaluate and understand key processes within each model. The results show similarities between the models for the standard cases for simple infiltration. However, as the domain increased in complexity the lumped model diverged from the distributed model. This indicates differences in how the models represent the physical processes and numerical solution approaches used between each. When the distributed model results were used to modify the representation of impermeable surface connections within the lumped model, the results were improved. These results demonstrate how complex, distributed models can be used to improve the formulation of lumped models.
Paramètres atomiques de BaAl2O4 et études des solutions solides BaFexAl2˗xO4 et BaGaxAl2˗xO4
Authors: Do Dinh C. , Lewy-Bertaut Erwin Félix
Published: November 2018

Les paramètres d'oxygène de BaAl₂O₄ hexagonal sont précisés par diffraction neutronique. Le modèle de Wallmark et Westgren est confirmé. Les solutions solides BaGaₓAl₂₋ₓO₄ montrent une variation linéaire des paramètres respectifs entre a₀ = 5,227 ± 0,003 Å ; c₀ = 8,802 ± 0,004 Å pour BaAl₂O₄ (x = 0) et a₀ = 5,336 ; c₀ = 9,024 Å pour BaGa₂O₄ (x = 2). BaFeₓAl₂₋ₓC₄ forme une solution solide du type BaAl₂O₄ avec xmax = 1,8 et les paramètres limites a₀ = 5,402 ; c₀ = 9,050 tandis que pour x > 1,8 les solutions solides appartiennent au type de structure BaFe₂O₄ qui constitue une surstructure de déformation du type BaAl₂O₄.
La demesmaekerite, sélénite hydraté d'uranium, cuivre et plomb
Authors: Cesbron Fabien , Bachet Bernard , Oosterbosch Robert
Published: November 2018

Triclinique P1 ou P[-1], a = 11,90 ± 0,03, b = 10,02 ± 0,03, c = 5,63 ± 0,02 Å. α = 90° 11', β = 100° 01', γ = 91° 49' (goniomètre), Z = 1. Diagramme de poudre indicé dont les raies principales sont : 5,89 F, 5,42 FF, 3,34 F, 2,97 FFF. Cristaux lamellaires groupés en éventail ou prismatiques allongés suivant [001] et aplatis suivant (100), parfois (010). Pas de clivage distinct, dureté comprise entre 3 et 4, densité calculée : 5,45 g/cm³. Couleur allant du vert bouteille au vert olive clair, biaxe positif avec n'g = 1,910 ± 0,005 et n'p = 1,835 ± 0,005. Une analyse chimique effectuée sur des cristaux exempts d'impuretés a conduit à la formule Pb₂Cu₅(SeO₃)₆(UO₂)₂(OH)₆ 2H₂O. Trouvée dans le gisement cupro˗cobaltifère de Musonoi au Katanga, associée à la cuprosklodowskite, la kasolite, la malachite, la guilleminite, la chalcoménite et une digénite sélénifère. Les échantillons types sont conservés au Laboratoire de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie de la Sorbonne et au Laboratoire de Minéralogie de l'Union Minière du Haut Katanga. Le nom de demesmaekerite est donné en l'honneur de G. Demesmaeker.
Genome‐wide Association Mapping and Prediction of Adult Stage Septoria tritici Blotch Infection in European Winter Wheat via High‐Density Marker Arrays
Authors: Muqaddasi Quddoos H. , Zhao Yusheng , Rodemann Bernd , Plieske Jörg , Ganal Martin W. , Röder Marion S.
Published: November 2018

Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by the fungus Zymoseptoria tritici is a devastating foliar disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that can lead to substantial yield losses. Quantitative genetic resistance has been proposed as a durable strategy for STB control. In this study, we dissected the genetic basis of STB infection in 371 European wheat varieties based on 35k and 90k single nucleotide polymorphism marker arrays. The phenotypic data analyses suggested that large genetic variance exists for STB infection with a broad‐sense heritability of 0.78. Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) propose the highly quantitative nature of STB infection with potential associations on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2D, 4A, 5A, 6A, 6D, 7A, and 7B. Increased marker density in GWAS by combining markers from both arrays helped to detect additional markers explaining increased genotypic variance. Linkage disequilibrium analyses revealed genes with a possible role in disease resistance. The potential of genomic prediction (GP) assessed via two models accounting for additive effects and additive plus epistatic interactions among the loci suggested the possibility of genomic selection for improved STB resistance. Genomic prediction results also indicated that the higher‐order epistatic interactions are not abundant and that both marker platforms are equally suitable for GP of STB infection. Our results provide further understanding of the quantitative genetic nature of STB infection, serve as a resource for marker‐assisted breeding, and highlight the potential of genomic selection for improved STB resistance.
A New Method for Calibration of Gain Variation in a Detector System
Authors: Goda Shohei , Matsuo Taro
Published: November 2018

Transit spectroscopy of habitable planets orbiting late-type stars requires high relative spectrophotometric accuracy between wavelengths during transit/eclipse observation. The spectrophotometric signal is affected not only by image movement and deformation due to wavefront error but also by electrical variation in the detector system. These time-variation components, coupled to the transit signal, distort the measurements of atmospheric composition in transit spectroscopy. Here we propose a new concept for improvement of spectrophotometric accuracy through the calibration of the time-variation components in the detector system by developing densified pupil spectroscopy that provides multiple spectra of the star–planet system. Owing to a group of pixels exposed by the object light (i.e., science pixels), pixel-to-pixel variations can be smoothed out through an averaging operation; thus, only common time-variation components over the science pixels remain. In addition, considering that the detector plane is optically conjugated to the pupil plane, a pupil mask can completely block astronomical light coming into residual pixels. The common time-variation components are reconstructed with the residual pixels and reduced into a random term. Applying the densified pupil spectrograph with a mid-infrared detector system to a large space cryogenic telescope such as the Origins Space Telescope, we show that the system nearly achieves photon noise–limited performance and detects absorption features through transmission spectroscopy and secondary eclipse of terrestrial planets orbiting M-type stars at 10 pc with 60 transit observations. Thus, the proposed method contributes to the measurement of planetary habitability and biosignatures of the nearby transiting habitable candidates.
Rheumatoid Arthritis and Fibromyalgia: A Frequent Unrelated Association Complicating Disease Management
Authors: COURY FABIENNE , ROSSAT ARNAUD , TEBIB ALEXANDRE , LETROUBLON MARIE-CLAUDE , GAGNARD ANNE , FANTINO BRUNO , TEBIB JACQUES G.
Published: November 2018

Objective

To assess the value of the 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) in evaluating disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) associated with fibromyalgia (FM). In this situation, because of the weight of the subjective measures included in the DAS28 equation, the patient’s status may be overestimated, leading to inappropriate treatment. We analyze the relationship between RA and FM and discuss whether the association is random or a marker of poor prognosis.

Methods

A questionnaire, developed when biologic therapies were introduced, was administered and the results analyzed in a consecutive, female outpatient population including 105 patients with RA, 49 with RA and FM (RAF), and 28 with FM. Psychosocial characteristics, disease presentation, and radiographic joint destruction evaluation were compared in the 3 populations.

Results

The presentation of RA was the same in patients with RA and RAF, but the 2 populations differed by socioprofessional characteristics, significantly higher disease activity in patients with RAF, and significantly more severe joint destruction in patients with RA. The RAF group was similar to the FM control population in socioprofessional and some physical characteristics. Regression analysis using the DAS28 measures differed significantly in the weight allowed to 28-joint counts for pain and swelling, but the constant factor was higher in patients with RAF.

Conclusion

DAS28 overestimated objective RA severity in patients who also had FM. The association between RA and FM does not appear to be a marker of worse prognosis, but rather a fortuitous association between the 2 diseases and one that may afford these patients some protection against joint destruction.
Dexamethasone Promotes Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Formation by Articular Chondrocytes
Authors: FAHEY MARK , MITTON ELIZABETH , MUTH EMILY , ROSENTHAL ANN K.
Published: November 2018

Objective.

Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals are commonly found in osteoarthritic joints and correlate with a poor prognosis. Intraarticular corticosteroids, such as dexamethasone (Dxm), are commonly used therapies for osteoarthritis with or without CPPD deposition. Dxm has variable effects in mineralization models. We investigated the effects of Dxm on CPPD crystal formation in a well established tissue culture model.

Methods.

Porcine articular chondrocytes were incubated with ATP to generate CPPD crystals. Chondrocytes incubated with or without ATP were exposed to 1–100 nM Dxm in the presence of45Ca. Mineralization was measured by45Ca uptake in the cell layer. We also investigated the effect of Dxm on mineralization-regulating enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase (NTPPPH), and transglutaminase.

Results.

Dxm significantly increased ATP-induced mineralization by articular chondrocytes. While alkaline phosphatase and NTPPPH activities were unchanged by Dxm, transglutaminase activity increased in a dose-responsive manner. Levels of Factor XIIIA mRNA and protein were increased by Dxm, while type II Tgase protein was unchanged. Transglutaminase inhibitors suppressed Dxminduced increases in CPPD crystal formation.

Conclusion.

These findings suggest a potential for Dxm to contribute to pathologic mineralization in cartilage and reinforce a central role for the transglutaminase enzymes in CPPD crystal formation.
Quantitative unique continuation for operators with partially analytic coefficients. Application to approximate control for waves
Authors: Laurent Camille , Léautaud Matthieu
Published: November 2018

In this article, we first prove quantitative estimates associated to the unique continuation theorems for operators with partially analytic coefficients of Tataru [Tat95, Tat99b], Robbiano–Zuily [RZ98] and Hörmander [Hör97]. We provide local stability estimates that can be propagated, leading to global ones.

Then, we specify the previous results to the wave operator on a Riemannian manifold

\mathcal M

with boundary. For this operator, we also prove Carleman estimates and local quantitative unique continuation from and up to the boundary

\partial \mathcal M

. This allows us to obtain a global stability estimate from any open set

\Gamma

of

\mathcal M

or

\partial \mathcal M

, with the optimal time and dependence on the observation.

As a first application, we compute a sharp lower estimate of the intensity of waves in the shadow of an obstacle. We also provide the cost of approximate controllability on the compact manifold

\mathcal M

: for any

T > 2\: \mathrm {sup}_{x \in \mathcal M} \mathrm {dist}(x,\Gamma)

, we can drive any data of

H^1_0 \times L^2

in time

T

to an

\varepsilon

-neighborhood of zero in

L^2 \times H^{-1}

, with a control located in

\Gamma

, at cost

e^{C/\varepsilon}

.

We finally obtain related results for the Schrödinger equation.
Hospital Doctors’ Experiences of Caring for Dying Patients
Authors: Gray D , Hood H , Haworth G , Smyth C , Linklater G
Published: November 2018

Background

The aim of this study was to examine, by means of a postal questionnaire, the experience of all grades of doctors caring for patients dying in an acute hospital in Scotland.

Method

A postal questionnaire was sent to 306 doctors working in inpatient medical and surgical specialties, emergency medicine, anaesthetics and intensive care medicine in an acute hospital.

Results

There was an overall 41% response rate (127/306). Of responding doctors 55% had cared for 10 or more patients in the previous year. A quarter of respondents had personal experience of bereavement outside of clinical practice within the previous year. A total of 65% of responding doctors agreed that their most memorable patient death had had a strong emotional impact upon them. Responding doctors reported benefit from peer support. There was no association between length of time as a doctor and difficulty rating for talking to patients about death (p-value: 0.203). There was no association between difficulty rating and length of time working as a doctor when talking to relatives about death and dying (p-value: 0.205). We considered the questionnaire responses in relation to Scottish Government policy and initiatives associated with the care of the dying, and the future training and support of doctors caring for this group of patients and their relatives.

Conclusion

Doctors describe similar experiences in terms of communication difficulties and emotional effects of caring for dying patients irrespective of their length of time working as a doctor.
Staphylococcus Aureus Endocarditis associated with Injecting New Psychoactive Substances
Authors: Joshi SS , Henderson N , Griffith DJ , Henriksen PA , Denvir MA , Macsween KF , Mackintosh CL , Inverarity D
Published: November 2018

Background

Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis (IE) associated with injection of new psychoactive substances (NPS) in Edinburgh from 2014 to 2016 was observed. We compared these infections with a series of S. aureus IE cases in a non-injecting population within Edinburgh.

Methods

NPS-associated S. aureus IE diagnosed between 1 January 2014 and 31 May 2016 in persons who inject drugs (PWID) were compared with a series of S. aureus IE cases from non-PWID.

Results

There was a fourfold increase in the annual incidence of S. aureus IE, mainly due to NPS use in PWID. A larger vegetation diameter was seen on echocardiogram in PWID vs non-PWID (median 1.7 cm vs 0.65 cm; p = 0.009) with more embolic complications in PWID (15 PWID vs 1 non-PWID; p = 2.1 x 10-7) but no difference in 90-day mortality (2 PWID vs 4 non-PWID; p = 0.39).

Conclusions

NPS-associated S. aureus IE correlated with complications, such as deep organ embolic abscesses, that were different from non-PWID S. aureus IE. The alarming increase in incidence resolved with targeted public health and legislative measures.
Renal Failure and Progressive Pancytopenia
Authors: Yeo JH , Islam A
Published: November 2018

Hyperparathyroidism may be a precipitating factor to the development of myelofibrosis; however, this is extremely rare with only a few documented case reports of myelofibrosis caused by secondary hyperparathyroidism. We describe a case of a 24-year-old female who had a failed live donor renal transplant and secondary hyperparathyroidism. While on haemodialysis she became increasingly pancytopenic despite erythropoietin injections and adequate iron, vitamin B12 and folate replacement. Her secondary hyperparathyroidism evolved to tertiary hyperparathyroidism despite vitamin D supplementation and phosphate binders. In order to determine the cause of her pancytopenia, a bone marrow biopsy was performed that confirmed myelofibrosis due to her secondary hyperparathyroidism. Following a successful parathyroidectomy in a tertiary hospital, her pancytopenia resolved and she is now awaiting a second transplant.
Reversible Blindness Secondary to Severe Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Oun H , Lloyd O
Published: November 2018

We present a case of sudden-onset reversible blindness secondary to severe diabetic ketoacidosis. The exact mechanism is not fully understood but is postulated to be due to uncoupling of retinal electrical transmission in a severe acidic environment. This report adds to the small number of reported cases of reversible blindness secondary to severe diabetic ketoacidosis and serves to raise awareness of this unusual diagnosis. It should be considered in patients who present with acute-onset reversible bilateral blindness only after other causes are excluded via detailed retinal examination and cranial imaging.
Improving the Effectiveness of Communication in Hospitals for People with Communication Difficulties: Results of An Online Phase Ii Survey
Authors: McCorkindale G , O'Neill M , Prain I , Waterhouse L
Published: November 2018

Background

In a recent paper a working group set up by the Lay Advisory Committee of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (RCPE) had looked into the problems of patients with severe communication difficulties in hospital (J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2017; 47: 211-3). The present online survey expands on this with the objective of garnering the views of physicians on this matter.

Method

An invitation aimed at physicians to complete an online survey was made through the recently published paper. The survey was open between September and December 2017.

Results

There were 83 completed surveys. A total of 69 of the returns were UK based, with the remainder from Asia, Australia, Africa and non-UK Europe and one unidentified location. The majority (44) were consultants, the remainder included those in core medical training, general practice and psychology. A wide range of medical departments were represented in the returns, with the largest returns coming from care of the elderly and acute medical departments. Four key themes were highlighted by responders: time, training, resources and environment.

Conclusion

Based on these results, the working group have embarked upon the next phase of the project with three main tasks: firstly, to work with the RCPE to disseminate the survey findings to a wider audience; secondly, to collate the detailed suggestions for improvement to be used alongside the survey findings and any subsequent documentation or advice; thirdly, to formulate with the RCPE a strategy to promote good practice in hospitals related to the experiences of patients with severe communication difficulties.
Electronic Cigarettes: A Brief Update
Authors: Mathur A , Dempsey OJ
Published: November 2018

More people are using electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and fewer people are smoking conventional tobacco cigarettes. A wide variety of e-cigarettes are available and there is emerging evidence that they may help with smoking cessation. This evidence-based clinical review summarises the latest evidence regarding use of e-cigarettes as smoking cessation aids. The ongoing debate surrounding the safety and regulation of e-cigarettes is also discussed.
Sir Alexander Morison and The Physiognomy of Mental Diseases: Part 2
Authors: Beveridge A
Published: November 2018

Sir Alexander Morison's The Physiognomy of Mental Diseases and the original art work that formed the basis of the book have not had the scholarly attention they deserve. The published book and the commissioned portraits have not been studied in any detail. Historians have tended to offer cursory assessments that have reflected their own preconceived ideas rather than properly engaging with the material. This is a pity because Morison's work is a rich source that tells us much about the history of psychiatry. The pictures and text give us a glimpse into the world of the asylum and that of the patient. Although we see the patient through the eyes of the artist and Dr Morison, they do emerge as individuals. The accompanying texts reflect the psychiatric approach of the time and reveal contemporary notions of diagnosis, aetiology and treatment. Morison's work can also be located in the history of ideas about physiognomy. He himself was particularly influenced by Jean-Étienne-Dominique Esquirol, and Morison's work, in turn, influenced WAF Browne. These papers will outline Morison's career and consider in detail his book on The Physiognomy of Mental Diseases.
Murder in the Archives: Additions to the Sydney Smith Collection
Authors: Cessford RM
Published: November 2018

Axes, knives, truncheons and several home-made weapons are some of the feature pieces of a newly deposited collection within the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh archive. This paper uses examples from this unusual collection, consisting of 40 weapons and over 400 glass slides, to demonstrate the significance and contribution it has to understanding late 19th- and early 20th-century forensic science and medicine in Scotland. Previously belonging to the late Sir Sydney Smith, these objects and glass slides supplement the Sydney Smith paper collection that contains numerous casefiles spanning his career as a forensic practitioner both in Britain and internationally. The records from these collections offer the potential for understanding developments in early 20th-century forensic practices whilst highlighting some of Britain's macabre criminal history.
O espaço neoliberal: uma análise do discurso dos editoriais da revista Veja (1985-1989)
Authors: Rossatti João Paulo
Published: November 2018

A revista Veja é, atualmente, um dos baluartes que perpetram o discurso de defesa das políticas neoliberais, já que defende o livre mercado, as liberdades econômicas e encolhimentos do Estado. Mas, para entender como esse discurso funciona hoje em nossa democracia, é preciso voltar ao começo da “Nova República” para perceber como a revista criou o que chamamos de “espaço neoliberal”, utilizando suas páginas para semear ideias próprias a essa política e que, de modo geral, iriam nortear as políticas nacionais na década de 1990.
Nas portas da guerra, o esplendor da humanidade
Authors: Ferreira Renata Dos Santos
Published: November 2018

Resenha do livro 1913 – Antes da tempestade, de Florian Illies. 1. ed. Trad. Silvia Bittencourt. São Paulo: Estação Liberdade, 2016.
Casamento e monarquia na IV Partida de Afonso X (século XIII)
Authors: Tollendal Prudente Luísa
Published: November 2018

O objetivo principal deste artigo é analisar, no texto jurídico afonsino das Siete Partidas, a forma como o casamento é concebido e apresentado, e como a enunciação e a ordenação das normas lhe dão um significado especial e um lugar de centralidade no conjunto da obra. Essa ordenação não é fortuita, antes, constrói um discurso de amparo e legitimação da função régia. Utilizou-se, como fonte principal deste trabalho, o quarto livro das Siete Partidas, que versa especificamente sobre o direito matrimonial.
Vicisitudes de las ediciones de El Capital en el mundo hispanoamericano
Authors: Tarcus Horacio
Published: November 2018

De los libros con que los reformadores sociales del siglo XIX buscaron redimir a la clase obrera, solo El Capital alcanzó el carácter de obra consagrada, e incluso sacralizada como “Biblia del proletariado”. Se trata de un libro complejo, a menudo más reconocido (y venerado) que leído. Leer El Capital, traducirlo, editarlo, comprometió las más diversas estrategias. La historia de sus ediciones en lengua española es una verdadera saga transatlántica, atravesada por revoluciones, guerras, dictaduras y exilios. Y, no menos importante, surcada por querellas en torno de términos y conceptos que nunca fueron meramente “técnicas”, sino que trasuntaban concepciones enfrentadas de cómo entender la lucha política y la emancipación humana.
Escondendo os “1%”: crítica e lógica socioculturais
Authors: Grün Roberto
Published: November 2018

O Brasil é considerado como um dos países de distribuição de renda mais desigual no mundo contemporâneo. Entretanto, nele não emerge nenhuma crítica social específica da assimetria de recursos materiais. O artigo discute algumas hipóteses para explicar essa realidade aparentemente ilógica. Responde fundamentalmente pela dependência de caminho da afirmação da crítica da assimetria de recursos culturais e vincula esta última à emergência dos principais grupos políticos que surgiram com a redemocratização de 1985 e cuja dinâmica de disputa política segue uma lógica cultural. A disputa cultural subsome o potencial contencioso econômico, pois se instala duravelmente como sistema de metáforas, dotado de “dureza simbólica”.
As relações das meninas com os saberes das lutas nas aulas de Educação Física
Authors: So Marcos Roberto , Zuaneti Martins Mariana , Betti Mauro
Published: November 2018

Com base na teoria da “relação com o saber” de Bernard Charlot, esta investigação teve comoobjetivo analisar as relações de sentido e a mobilização das meninas com os saberes das lutas.Para tanto, este estudo utilizou: (i) observação de aulas do conteúdo judô em uma turma do 7ºano do Ensino Fundamental; e (ii) entrevistas semiestruturadas com 17 alunos da turma. Osresultados indicaram menor mobilização das meninas em comparação aos meninos. Oselementos desfavoráveis à mobilização feminina foram separados em três categorias: (i) amasculinização e o machismo na luta; (ii) o medo de se machucar; (iii) vergonha de se expor.Ressaltar as dificuldades do tema gênero e lutas não significa descartá-las do processopedagógico, por isso, concluímos o artigo apontando a criação de experiências que subvertame transgridam tais barreiras.
A participação em pesquisas com metodologias participativas: reflexão sobre experiências
Authors: Gatto Júnior José Renato , Sousa Leandra Andréia de , Pesce Sébastien , Fortuna Cinira Magali
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: Refletir acerca da participação, tomando como base algumas experiências de pesquisa com metodologia participativa. Métodos: As etapas para a composição desta reflexão foram: 1-) seleção de características significativas na experiência/vivência durante pesquisas com metodologias participativas 2-) apresentação e discussão das características selecionadas; e 3-) sintetização de apontamentos relevantes. Foram consideradas as seguintes características significativas: a questão da participação enquanto processo (níveis de participação ao longo do processo investigativo); a flexibilidade no uso de técnicas de coleta de dados: ponto-chave na construção do processo participativo; os ciclos: novos participantes, novas formas de participação. Resultados: Com base nessas considerações, no processo de participação, ao longo do decorrer da pesquisa é esperado que a participação ou nível de participação varie progressivamente (número de participantes e intensidade de participação – o que provoca submissões de emendas em comitês de ética). Enquanto alguns defendem a flexibilidade como um critério de rigor nas pesquisas participantes, outros referem que a abordagem flexível ainda é considerada como de menor rigor científico. Conclusão: A participação enquanto um processo em construção, usando-se da flexibilidade e outros dispositivos provocadores de transformação, é vista como uma potente ferramenta a ser intensamente desenvolvida durante uma investigação com metodologia participativa.