bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COFFEE CONSUMPTION AND PREVALENCE OF INSOMNIA DISORDER IN MEDICAL INTERNS AT THE AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITY OF SANTO DOMINGO, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, SEPTEMBER 2022-MARCH 2023
Authors: Ogando Montero Andy Bienvenido , Nuñez Figuereo Inomar
Published: November 2024

This study aims to investigate the relationship between insomnia and coffee consumption among medical interns at the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. The research stems from the observation of high coffee consumption among healthcare personnel, particularly those exposed to night shifts and conditions that impact sleep quality. A cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study was conducted with a sample of 299 interns, divided into groups based on the presence or absence of insomnia symptoms according to DSM-V criteria. The results indicate a significant relationship between coffee consumption and the prevalence of insomnia, with higher incidence among interns who consume coffee daily. This study provides evidence on how coffee consumption, within the Dominican cultural context and the demands of the medical environment, can affect sleep quality among medical interns. These findings highlight the need to consider caffeine consumption as a potential factor in the assessment and management of sleep disorders within this group of healthcare professionals.
Leveraging hierarchical structures for genetic block interaction studies using the hierarchical transformer
Authors: Li Shiying , Arora Shivam , Attaoua Redha , Hamet Pavel , Tremblay Johanne , Bihlo Alexander , Liu Bang , Rutter Guy
Published: November 2024

Initially introduced in 1909 by William Bateson, classic epistasis (genetic variant interaction) refers to the phenomenon that one variant prevents another variant from a different locus from manifesting its effects. The potential effects of genetic variant interactions on complex diseases have been recognized for the past decades. Moreover, It has been studied and demonstrated that leveraging the combined SNP effects within the genetic block can significantly increase calculation power, reducing background noise, ultimately leading to novel epistasis discovery that the single SNP statistical epistasis study might overlook. However, it is still an open question how we can best combine gene structure representation modelling and interaction learning into an end-to-end model for gene interaction searching. Here, in the current study, we developed a neural genetic block interaction searching model that can effectively process large SNP chip inputs and output the potential genetic block interaction heatmap. Our model augments a previously published hierarchical transformer architecture (Liu and Lapata, 2019) with the ability to model genetic blocks. The cross-block relationship mapping was achieved via a hierarchical attention mechanism which allows the sharing of information regarding specific phenotypes, as opposed to simple unsupervised dimensionality reduction methods e.g. PCA. Results on both simulation and UK Biobank studies show our model brings substantial improvements compared to traditional exhaustive searching and neural network methods.
Immunosenescence profile is associated with increased susceptibility to severe COVID-19
Authors: Ventura Lucas Haniel A. , Torres Lícia , Camatta Giovanna Caliman , Zamame Jofer , Coelho Monique Macedo , Ramalho-Pinto Cecília Horta , Gervazio João , Caixeta Felipe , Nascimento Leandro , Oliveira Mariana Almeida , Martins Vinícius Dantas , Oliveira Marcos Felipe , da Costa Murilo Soares , Sato Hugo Itaru , Guimarães Henrique Cerqueira , Barbuto Rafael Calvão , Veiga Ana Paula Rocha , Ataíde Najara , Caetano Gabriela Prandi , Rangon Sarah , Júnior Mauro Lúcio O. , Fortes Fernanda Calvo , Zuccherato Luciana , Speziali Elaine , Martins-Filho Olindo Assis , Coelho Verônica , Avritchir Roberto , Souza Rafael , Ayupe Marina , Loureiro Caio , Passos Maria Eduarda , Neves Ana Clara Mota , Leite Pauline , Teixeira Santuza Maria Ribeiro , Tupinambas Unaí , Felicori Liza Figueiredo , Silveira-Nunes Gabriela , Maioli Tatiani Uceli , Fonseca Denise Morais , Teixeira-Carvalho Andrea , Faria Ana Maria Caetano
Published: November 2024

In this study we tested the hypothesis that the immunosenescence profile could account for the disproportional susceptibility of the elderly to severe forms of COVID-19. The immunological profiles of volunteers residing in endemic and non-endemic areas for chronic infectious diseases were analyzed at early stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection. A unique signature of inflammatory plasma mediators was identified in COVID-19 volunteers when compared to individuals with other flu-like syndromes. COVID-19 severity correlated with high levels of inflammatory mediators; among them, CXCL9, a serum marker of aging. Patients who progressed to hospitalization displayed high frequencies of CD8+and CD4+T cells expressing exhaustion and senescence markers and showed reduced and more mature B cell repertoires, which are typical of senescence. They also had an acceleration of epigenetic age measured by DNA methylation. Therefore, severe COVID-19 correlated with phenotypic, functional, and epigenetic features of accelerated immunosenescence at onset of infection.
Evaluation of near-infrared light therapy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases: Limited penetration depth into the brain likely hinders efficacy
Authors: Tittelmeier Jessica , Kaub Leon , Milz Stefan , Kugelmann Daniela , Hof Patrick R. , Schmitz Christoph , Nussbaum-Krammer Carmen
Published: November 2024

Background

Near-infrared (NIR) light therapy is used to treat various musculoskeletal disorders. It has been proposed that transcranial NIR light treatment may also be beneficial for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the ability of NIR light to penetrate the scalp and skull efficiently and induce cytoprotective responses in the brain parenchyma has not been sufficiently examined so far. This study aimed to evaluate whether the amount of NIR light that can penetrate through the human skull can cause a biological effect.

Methods

Three commercially available devices (a medical laser emitting light at a wavelength of 905 nm and two LED helmets operating at wavelengths of 810 nm and 1070 nm, respectively) were used to measure the NIR light transmittance through human post-mortem skulls with a thermal power sensor. Furthermore, the biological effects of the fraction of light power that passed through the skull were investigated in a human neuronal cell line and inC. elegans.

Results

The 905 nm laser achieved transmittances of up to 0.31% (173 µW/cm2) of its input power, and the LED helmets 0.71% (41 µW/cm2; 810 nm) and 0.45% (19 µW/cm2; 1070 nm) of their respective input powers. NIR light exposure at a power density of 134 mW/cm2was sufficient to activate mitochondrial metabolism in cultured human neurons andC. elegans, as demonstrated by increased cytochrome c oxidase activity and induction of mitochondrial chaperones. However, this stimulatory effect was no longer observed when the applied power density was reduced to 2.5 mW/cm2.

Conclusions

More than 99% of the NIR light emitted by the investigated devices was either absorbed or scattered by the human skull. The residual NIR light that would reach underlying brain structures was too weak to elicit biological effects. In conclusion, NIR light treatment is unlikely to be effective to treat brain diseases such as AD due to the low penetrability of the skull.
Hypometabolism in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Insights from Brain and Blood Transcriptomics
Authors: Balasubramanian Rami , Saha Debayan , Arun Ananya , Vinod PK
Published: November 2024

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by challenges in social communication, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests. Recent research has emphasized the importance of metabolic dysfunctions in the pathophysiology of ASD. This study investigates metabolic alterations associated with ASD by analyzing transcriptomic data obtained from the prefrontal cortex (bulk tissue and single-nucleus) and data from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). We assessed the metabolic activity of each patient based on gene expression profiles, revealing significant downregulation of vital metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, indicative of hypometabolism. Our analysis also highlighted dysregulation in lipid, vitamin, amino acid, and heme metabolism, which may contribute to the neurodevelopmental delays associated with ASD. Cell-specific metabolic activities in the ASD brain showed altered pathways in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, excitatory neurons, and interneurons. Furthermore, we identified critical metabolic pathways and genes from PBMC gene expression data that distinguish ASD patients from typically developing individuals. Our findings demonstrate a consistent pattern of metabolic dysfunction across brain and blood samples. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of metabolic alterations in ASD, paving the way for exploring potential therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic dysregulation.
Scaffolding of NLRP3 on osmotically swollen vesicles but not intermediate filaments promotes inflammasome assembly
Authors: de Paz Linares Guillermo , Mossemann Jan , Sayed Blayne , Freeman Spencer A.
Published: November 2024

Inflammasomes are nucleated by receptors that become activated upon cellular stresses including ionic dyshomeostasis. Rather than forming in the cytosol, recent evidence suggests that inflammasomes are nucleated at specific sites in the cell including on cytoskeletal polymers and the membrane surfaces of organelles. The NLRP3 inflammasome, which is formed upon the loss of cytosolic K+, had been proposed to form on intermediate filaments as well as on vesicles derived from the trans-Golgi network and endosomes. To determine the necessary requirement of either mechanism, we used vimentin knockout macrophages which do not have intermediate filaments and compared the formation and function of NLRP3 inflammasomes. We report that vimentin was dispensable for the activation of caspase-1, IL-β cleavage and release, and the inflammatory responses in mice which are attributed to the inflammasome. Instead, NLRP3 was found on osmotically swollen PI4P-and LAMP1-positive compartments. These results provide clarification to the two models for NLRP3 inflammasome formation, demonstrating that intermediate filaments are not required, which contrasts with select previous literature. The results also suggest that NLRP3 may be activated by signals coincident with PI4P, including high membrane tension on vesicular compartments.
Feasibility of efficient smartphone-based threshold and loudness assessments in typical home settings
Authors: Xu Chen , Schell-Majoor Lena , Kollmeier Birger
Published: November 2024

Ambient noise is a critical factor affecting the precision of mobile hearing tests conducted in home environments. Monitoring noise levels during out-of-booth measurements provides essential information about the suitability of the setting for accurate audiometric testing. When ambient noise is controlled, results are expected to be comparable to in-booth measurements. This study remotely conducted air-conduction pure-tone audiometry and adaptive categorical loudness scaling (ACALOS) tests at 0.25, 1, and 4 kHz using a smartphone, while an integrated microphone and a dosimeter app were used to quantify ambient noise levels. Additionally, a reinforced ACALOS (rACALOS) method was proposed to integrate threshold measurement into the ACALOS procedure. The rACALOS method not only improves the accuracy of threshold estimation but also increases efficiency by combining two independent procedures into a single, streamlined process. As a result, ambient noise levels were mostly below the maximum permissible level. Hearing tests conducted via smartphone demonstrated moderate-to-excellent reliability, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) exceeding 0.75, and strong validity, with biases of less than 1 dB. In simulations, the rACALOS method reduced the bias towards pre-assumed thresholds, and in behavioral experiments, it showed a stronger correlation with pure-tone audiometric thresholds than the baseline method. Overall, this study demonstrates that administering pure-tone audiometry and ACALOS tests at home is feasible, valid, efficient, and reliable when ambient noise is sufficiently low.
Proteomic insights into circadian transcription regulation: novel E-box interactors revealed by proximity labeling
Authors: Torres Manon , Kirchner Marieluise , Marks Caroline G. , Mertins Philipp , Kramer Achim
Published: November 2024

Circadian clocks (∼24 h) are responsible for daily physiological, metabolic, and behavioral changes. Central to these oscillations is the regulation of gene transcription. Previous research has identified clock protein complexes that interact with the transcriptional machinery to orchestrate circadian transcription, but technological constraints have limited the identification of de novo proteins. Here we use a novel genomic locus-specific quantitative proteomics approach to provide a new perspective on time of day-dependent protein binding at a critical chromatin locus involved in circadian transcription: the E-box. Using proximity labeling proteomics at the E-box of the clock-controlledDbpgene in mouse fibroblasts, we identified 69 proteins at this locus at the time of BMAL1 binding. This method successfully enriched BMAL1 as well as HDAC3 and HISTONE H2A.V/Z, known circadian regulators. New E-box proteins include the MINK1 kinase and the transporters XPO7 and APPL1, whose depletion in human U-2 OS cells results in disrupted circadian rhythms, suggesting a role in the circadian transcriptional machinery. Overall, our approach uncovers novel circadian modulators and provides a new strategy to obtain a complete temporal picture of circadian transcriptional regulation.
Spin decoherence and off-resonance behavior of radio-frequency-driven spin rotations in storage rings
Authors: Nikolaev N. N. , Rathmann F. , Slim J. , Andres A. , Hejny V. , Nass A. , Kacharava A. , Lenisa P. , Pretz J. , Saleev A. , Shmakova V. , Soltner H. , Abusaif F. , Aggarwal A. , Aksentev A. , Alberdi B. , Barion L. , Bekman I. , Beyß M. , Böhme C. , Breitkreutz B. , Canale N. , Ciullo G. , Dymov S. , Fröhlich N.-O. , Gebel R. , Gaisser M. , Grigoryev K. , Grzonka D. , Hetzel J. , Javakhishvili O. , Kamerdzhiev V. , Karanth S. , Keshelashvili I. , Kononov A. , Laihem K. , Lehrach A. , Lomidze N. , Lorentz B. , Macharashvili G. , Magiera A. , Mchedlishvili D. , Melnikov A. , Müller F. , Pesce A. , Poncza V. , Prasuhn D. , Shergelashvili D. , Shurkhno N. , Siddique S. , Silenko A. , Stassen S. , Stephenson E. J. , Ströher H. , Tabidze M. , Tagliente G. , Valdau Y. , Vitz M. , Wagner T. , Wirzba A. , Wrońska A. , Wüstner P. , Żurek M. ,   JEDI Collaboration
Published: November 2024

High-frequency driven resonant spin rotators are routinely used as standard instruments in polarization experiments in particle and nuclear physics. Maintaining the continuous exact parametric spin resonance condition of the equality of the spin rotator and the spin precession frequency during operation is one of the challenges. We present a detailed analytical description of the effects of detuning the exact spin resonance on the precessing vertical and in-plane components of the polarization. An important part of the formalism presented here is the consideration of experimentally relevant spin decoherence effects. Within the developed formalism, we address the impact of feedback via pilot-bunch-based comagnetometry on continuous spin flips and on the related interpretation of charged-particle electric dipole moment searches using storage rings. We propose a spin-flip-based tomography of the longitudinal profile of polarization in a bunch, which is important for the evaluation of the polarization-dependent luminosity in collider experiments. We emphasize the potential importance of the previously unexplored phase of the horizontal polarization of the envelope as an indicator of the stability of radio-frequency-driven spin rotations in storage rings and as a testing ground for spin decoherence mechanisms.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Quantum versatility in PageRank
Authors: Zhang Wei-Wei , Wu Zheping , Jia Hengyue , Zhao Wei , Ji Qingbing , Pan Wei , Shi Haobin
Published: November 2024

Quantum mechanics empowers the emergence of quantum advantages in various fields, including quantum algorithms. Quantum PageRank is a promising tool for a future quantum internet. Recently, arbitrary phase rotations (APRs) have been introduced in the underlying Szegedy's quantum walk of the quantum PageRank algorithm. In this work we thoroughly study the role APR plays in quantum PageRank. We discover the versatility resulting from quantumness. Specifically, we discover the emergence of a cluster phenomenon in rankings considering the rotation phases, i.e., the existence of similar clusters in the distribution of the rankings and their fidelity with the corresponding classical PageRanks, the ranking distribution variance, the coherence and entanglement of PageRank states, and the power-law parameter in the ranking distributions on a scale-free network concerning the two rotation phases. Furthermore, we propose an alternate quantum PageRank with APR which provides an extra tunnel for the analysis of PageRank. We also study the PageRank on the trackback graph of a scale-free graph for the investigation of network information traffic tracking. We demonstrate the rich cluster diversity formed in our alternate quantum PageRank, which offers a novel perspective on the quantum versatility of PageRank. Our results present the quantum-enabled perspective for PageRanking and shed light on the design and application of practical quantum PageRank algorithms.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
High-brightness megahertz-rate beam from a direct-current and superconducting radio-frequency combined photocathode gun
Authors: Jia H. , Li T. , Wang T. , Zhao Y. , Zhang X. , Xu H. , Liu Z. , Liu J. , Lin L. , Xie H. , Feng L. , Wang F. , Zhu F. , Hao J. , Quan S. , Liu K. , Huang S.
Published: November 2024

High-brightness megahertz-rate electron beams are highly desired for cutting-edge applications in many areas of science. Photocathode electron guns capable of generating such beams with low dark current remain to be a challenging field. In this paper, we report breakthroughs with a hybrid gun combining a direct-current gap and a superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavity. The gun, employing K2CsSb photocathodes driven by a green laser, delivers a few MeV electron beam at 1 and 81.25 MHz rates with an average current up to 3 mA and a dark current several orders lower than current normal conducting continuous-wave guns. Emittance compensation and multipole field corrections have been applied to achieve a high-quality beam. The achievement will inspire the development of high-brightness SRF guns and promote megahertz-rate beam applications including coherent linac light sources and ultrafast electron diffraction/microscopy.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Tracking anharmonic oscillations in the structure of β-1,3-diacetylpyrene
Authors: Zwolenik A. , Makal A.
Published: November 2024

A recently discovered β polymorph of 1,3-diacetylpyrene has turned out to be a prominent negative thermal expansion material, with a linear thermal expansion coefficient of −199 (6) MK−1 at room temperature. Its unique properties can be linked to anharmonic oscillations in the crystal structure that can be attributed to several weak C—H...O interactions. The onset and development of anharmonic effects have been successfully tracked over a wide (90–390 K) temperature range using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Experimental data of sufficient quality combined with Hirshfeld atom refinement of the crystal structures enabled a quantitative analysis of elusive anharmonic effects within the Gram–Charlier formalism. This example highlights that quantum crystallography tools can and should be applied in structural analysis even for data collected at high temperatures as well as of standard (∼0.8 Å) resolution.
High-performance work systems and employee voice behavior: a sequential mediation analysis
Authors: Abou-Al-Ross Sami A. , Abualigah Ahmad , Barbar Julia , Kundi Yasir Mansoor , Dahleez Khalid Abed
Published: November 2024

Purpose

Based on ability-motivation-opportunity, social exchange, and job demands-resources theories, this research aims to investigate how high-performance work systems (HPWS) are linked to voice behavior through sequential mediating effects of psychological meaningfulness and work engagement in a Middle Eastern context.

Design/methodology/approach

Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze data obtained from a sample of 538 nurses working in various hospitals located in Palestine.

Findings

The findings show a positive association between HPWS and voice behavior. In addition, the study findings support the sequential mediation of psychological meaningfulness and work engagement on the association between HPWS and voice behavior.

Originality/value

This study is one of the few examining the effect of HPWS on individual-level outcomes in the context of the Middle East. More specifically, our study is the first to test the association between HPWS and voice behavior, especially in this under-researched context. It is also the first to explore the influence of HPWS on voice behavior through sequential mediating pathways of psychological meaningfulness and work engagement.
Role of cognition in mediating parental knowledge and support as precipitants of early adolescent delinquency escalation: partial replication and extension
Authors: Walters Glenn D.
Published: November 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine whether cognitive factors mediate the relationship between parental knowledge/support and delinquency escalation.

Design/methodology/approach

Using data from early adolescent youth enrolled in the Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) study, two analyses were performed. The first analysis cross-lagged parental knowledge and cognitive impulsivity as predictors of delinquency escalation and the second analysis cross-lagged parental support and moral neutralization as predictors of delinquency escalation.

Findings

In both analyses, the indirect effect of a change in parenting on delinquency escalation via a change in cognition attained significance, whereas the indirect effect of a change in cognition on delinquency escalation via a change in parenting did not. In neither case did the direct effect of parenting on delinquency achieve significance.

Research limitations/implications

This study was limited, however, by exclusive reliance on self-report measures to assess all variables in this study and the use of explicit rather than implicit measures of cognitive impulsivity and moral neutralization.

Practical implications

The practical implications of these results are that they point to ways in which improved parenting can lead to crime deceleration; reduced cognitive impulsivity and moral neutralization can lead to crime deceleration.

Social implications

These results imply that social variables like parental knowledge and support stimulate a change in cognition as part of the process by which delinquency escalates during early adolescence.

Originality/value

The unique contribution this study makes to the field is that it highlights the role antisocial cognition plays in mediating between social factors and delinquency as part of the crime acceleration process that often occurs in early adolescence.
Genetic Characterization of a Novel Retron Element Isolated from Vibrio mimicus
Authors: Caigoy Jant Cres , Shimamoto Toshi , Ishida Yojiro , Ahmed Ashraf M. , Miyoshi Shin‐ichi , Shimamoto Tadashi
Published: November 2024

Bacterial reverse transcriptase coding gene (RT) is essential for the production of a small satellite DNA‐RNA complex called multicopy single‐stranded DNA (msDNA). In this study, we found a novel retron, retron‐Vmi1 (Vm85) from Vibrio mimicus. The retron is comprised of the msr‐msd region, orf323, and the ret gene, a genetic organization similar to Salmonella's retron‐Sen2 (St85). The protein sequence of the RNA‐directed DNA polymerase (RT‐Vmi1) is highly homologous to the RTs of Vibrio metoecus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus. Phylogenetic and protein sequence similarity analysis of retron‐Vmi1 ORF323 and RT revealed a close relatedness to retron‐Sen2. We found that retron‐Vmi1 was inserted in the dusA gene, similar to the insertion of the retron‐Vpa1 (Vp96) of V. parahaemolyticus AQ3354, suggesting that retrons can be transferred via the tRNA gene. These results are the first convincing evidence that retron is moving across species. The neighboring genes of retron‐Vmi1 shared high homology with the genetic environment of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus retrons. We also found two junction points within the retron‐Vmi1 and the dusA gene suggesting that retron‐Vmi1 was inserted into this site in a two‐step manner.
A quiet convergence: The 2022 full‐scale Russian invasion of Ukraine and Italian Parties' positions on the European Union
Authors: Capati Andrea , Trastulli Federico
Published: November 2024

We investigate the impact of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine on domestic party competition over the European Union (EU) in its immediate aftermath, with a focus on the case of Italy. Drawing on a discursive neo‐functionalist framework, we perform OLS regression analysis on a dataset of more than 10,000 Facebook posts retrieved via CrowdTangle. Our findings show that Italian parties converged towards supportive EU positions following the full‐scale Russian invasion due to a decrease in anti‐EU claims. Furthermore, the degree of convergence of individual parties varied depending on their ideological orientation. While extreme left‐wing and green parties significantly decreased their discursive opposition to the EU, anti‐Europeanism did not abate in radical right parties, which remained consistent in their Eurosceptic stances throughout the analysed timeframe. Compared to COVID‐19, the different surrounding international context and policy fields involved in this crisis are associated with different party reactions vis‐à‐vis the EU.
“Ineffective breastfeeding (00104)” and “Readiness for enhanced breastfeeding (00106)”: Clinical validation
Authors: de Godoy Natália Aparecida , Emidio Suellen Cristina Dias , Jones Dorothy A. , Carmona Elenice Valentim
Published: November 2024

Purpose

To clinically validate the NANDA International (NANDA‐I), nursing diagnoses (ND) of “Ineffective breastfeeding (00104)” and “Readiness for enhanced breastfeeding (00106)” in postpartum women and their infants, and to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of their elements.

Methods

Cross‐sectional study was conducted from June 2023 to April 2024. Recruitment happened at a public teaching hospital, approaching dyads from the neonatology outpatient clinic and the rooming‐in. The researcher applied the tool, assessed the dyad and medical records. Statistical analysis was based on accuracy measures and inferential statistics. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee.

Findings

The sample comprised 205 Brazilian dyads: 57 (27.80%) presented “Ineffective breastfeeding (00104),” whereas 203 (99.02%) presented the “Readiness for enhanced breastfeeding (00106).” “Unsustained sucking on the breast” was the most sensitive defining characteristic (DC) for the “Ineffective breastfeeding (00104).” All the DCs of “Readiness for enhanced breastfeeding (00106)” showed relevant sensitivity.

Conclusions

Findings validated the presence of NANDA‐I ND “Ineffective breastfeeding (00104)” and “Readiness for enhanced breastfeeding (00106)” in a sample of dyads, demonstrating accuracy in such population.

Implications for nursing practice

This is an essential step to raise the level of evidence of the studied ND from NANDA‐I terminology. Furthermore, this study has potential to contribute to improving nurse's clinical reasoning on breastfeeding, as well as to highlight that women can present simultaneously the two diagnoses, so naming them is useful to identify mothers more likely to breastfeed and those who will need more differentiated interventions.
Ineffective overweight self‐management: A study of diagnostic accuracy and etiological relationships
Authors: Carino Ana Carolina Costa , Fernandes Renata Marinho , Dantas Juliane Rangel , Martins Cláudio César Guimarães , de Araújo Annaiza Freitas Lopes , Fernandes Maria Isabel da Conceição Dias , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira , Lira Ana Luisa Brandão de Carvalho
Published: November 2024

Purpose

To evaluate the accuracy of clinical indicators and etiological factors associated with the nursing diagnosis of ineffective overweight self‐management among university students.

Method

A diagnostic accuracy study with a cross‐sectional design was conducted with 108 university students. A latent class analysis model with random effects was used to establish sensitivity and specificity measures of clinical indicators, estimate the prevalence of the diagnosis, and calculate posterior probabilities for the diagnosis. Odds ratios for etiological factors were calculated using univariate logistic regression. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the responsible institution.

Results

The nursing diagnosis of ineffective overweight self‐management had an estimated prevalence of 38.1% in the sample. Sensitive clinical indicators included excessive calorie consumption (0.9514) and dissatisfaction with body image (0.8834). Specific indicators included negative self‐perception of health (0.9999), inadequate eating behavior (0.9990), and impaired emotional health (0.8273). A personal history of overweight (OR = 2.78; p‐value = 0.018) increased the likelihood of developing ineffective overweight self‐management by approximately two and a half times.

Conclusion

Ineffective overweight self‐management is prevalent among university students and is characterized by two sensitive clinical indicators, three specific indicators, and a population at risk that increases the likelihood of this diagnosis.

Implications for nursing practice

Accurate clinical indicators and the identification of etiological factors for the diagnosis of ineffective overweight self‐management support nurses’ clinical reasoning in practice. Moreover, verifying accurate components for diagnosing ineffective overweight self‐management contributes to the development of interventions aimed at promoting the health of university students.
The soil Mycobacterium sp. promotes health and longevity through different bacteria‐derived molecules in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Liu Limeng , Hao Xusheng , Bai Yang , Tian Ye
Published: November 2024

Commensal bacteria and their derivatives hold significant promise as therapeutic interventions to delay aging. However, with the diverse nature of the soil microbiome and the long lifespan of mammalian models, the exploration of the influence of soil bacteria and bacteria‐derived molecules on host aging remains limited. We conducted a lifespan screening in Caenorhabditis elegans using plant root bacterial collection. Our screening identified 8 genera of bacterial isolates capable of extending lifespan, with Mycobacterium sp. Root265 exhibits the most pronounced effect on lifespan extension. Biochemical analysis revealed two specific molecules derived from Root265, polysaccharides (PSs) and arabinogalactan peptidoglycan (AGP), responsible for lifespan extension via daf‐16‐dependent and ‐independent pathways, respectively. Notably, AGP exhibited a unique ability to enhance protein homeostasis effectively. Moreover, polar lipids originating from Root265 were found to extend lifespan while mitigating age‐related BAS‐1 decline in neurons. Intriguingly, even brief exposures to these bioactive compounds were sufficient to achieve the lifespan‐promoting effects. We found diverse beneficial bacteria and anti‐aging active compounds from soil bacteria. These findings highlight the potential of exploring bacterial derivatives as therapies targeting aging without the constraints associated with direct microbial interventions.
Clinical outcomes in febrile children with a positive urine culture without pyuria: Implications for antibiotics
Authors: Miyake Rei , Hataya Hiroshi
Published: November 2024

Aim

This study aimed to investigate whether antibiotics should be administered to patients aged <2 years with a positive urine culture without pyuria by identifying their clinical characteristics and outcomes in the absence of antibiotic treatment.

Methods

This retrospective, observational study included children aged <2 years with positive findings on a culture of urine obtained using a catheter in the paediatric emergency department between 2016 and 2021. The primary outcome was the spontaneous resolution of fever without antibiotics in patients with a positive urine culture without pyuria. The clinical characteristics of the patients with and without pyuria were also compared.

Results

Of 391 patients, 86 (22%) were negative for pyuria. Of these, 63 (73%) received no antibiotics, and 56 (89%) had spontaneous defervescence and no symptom recurrence. The patients without pyuria had a higher proportion of other possible causes of fever, lower inflammatory markers, fewer cultured bacteria, and a higher proportion of multiple, bacterial species in their culture than the patients with pyuria.

Conclusions

Most of the patients with a positive urine culture without pyuria may not require antibiotics if their fever resolves spontaneously.
Impact of antibiotic duration and type on short‐ and long‐term outcomes in very‐low‐birthweight infants
Authors: Loe Marcus Wing Choy , Sultana Rehena , Goh Guan Lin , Lim Selina Wan Xuan , Yeo Kee Thai
Published: November 2024

Aim

To determine the association between the duration and types of antibiotic exposure and the occurrence of short‐ and long‐term outcomes among preterm, very‐low‐birthweight (VLBW) infants.

Methods

Retrospective cohort study of VLBW infants born <32 weeks gestation between January 2017–December 2021. Association between antibiotic exposure and the occurrence of death and/or major morbidities, and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 18–24 months corrected age, was evaluated.

Results

A total of 728 infants were included—median gestation 28 weeks (IQR 26, 30) and median birthweight 1070g (IQR 850, 1300). Compared to no antibiotics, antibiotics exposure >3 days was significantly associated with increased risk of mortality and/or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)—adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.0 (95% CI 1.1–3.8; p=0.03), 3.5 (95% CI 1.6–7.8; p=0.01) and 3.8 (95% CI 1.6‐9.0; p<0.001) corresponding to antibiotic exposure of 4‐7 days, 8–14 and >14 days, respectively. Additional exposure to broad‐spectrum antibiotics was associated with AOR of 3.2 (95% CI 1.6–6.5; p<0.01) for death and/or BPD. There was no significant association between antibiotic exposure and NDI.

Conclusion

Infants who received >3 days of antibiotics and/or additional broad‐spectrum antibiotics had significantly increased odds of death and/or BPD compared to no exposure. Antibiotic exposure was not significantly associated with NDI in our population.
Nature, predictors, and outcomes of Nurses' trajectories of harmonious and obsessive passion
Authors: Cheyroux Pierre , Morin Alexandre J. S. , Colombat Philippe , Gillet Nicolas
Published: November 2024

This study sought to achieve a dynamic person‐centered understanding of the various harmonious and obsessive work passion trajectories observed among a sample of nurses, as well as the connections between these two types of work passion trajectories. Moreover, it sought to document the predictive role of workload, unfairness, harassment, and supervisor support in relation to these harmonious and obsessive passion trajectories, as well as the implications of these trajectories for a variety of outcomes related to attitude (i.e., turnover intention), psychological health (i.e., perceived psychological health and work fatigue), and behaviors (i.e., work performance, presenteeism, and absenteeism). A sample of 622 nurses was surveyed six times over a period of five months. Our results revealed that harmonious and obsessive passion trajectories matched five primary profiles, similar across the two types of work passion. Workload, unfairness, harassment, and supervisor support were associated with these trajectories in a way that mainly supported our expectations. Trajectories characterized by higher levels of harmonious passion and lower levels of obsessive passion were associated with higher levels of perceived psychological health and work performance, and with lower levels of work fatigue, turnover intention, presenteeism, and absenteeism. Conversely, trajectories characterized by lower levels of harmonious passion and higher levels of obsessive passion were associated with the most negative outcomes.
Influence of Metal Artifact Reduction Tool of Two Cone Beam CT on the Detection of Bone Graft Loss Around Titanium and Zirconium Implants—An Ex Vivo Diagnostic Accuracy Study
Authors: Chang Michelle , Felizardo Henrique Mateus Alves , Oliveira‐Santos Christiano , Gaêta‐Araujo Hugo
Published: November 2024

Objective

The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of metal artifact reduction (MAR) on two cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) units in the evaluation of bone graft loss adjacent to titanium (Ti) and zirconium (Zr) implants.

Material and Methods

Twelve Ti and twelve Zr implants were placed in the posterior region of dry human mandibles. Bone graft was applied to the level of the cover screw. Bone graft loss was simulated in half of the sample (6 Ti and 6 Zr) by removing the graft material up to the third implant thread on the buccal surface. CBCT images were acquired on two units, varying the application of MAR (OP300—off and on; Eagle 3D—standard, intermediate, and extreme). The images were assessed by five evaluators that scored the presence of graft loss according to a 5‐point scale. The diagnostic values were calculated and compared by non‐parametric tests with a significance level of 5%.

Results

Higher diagnostic values were achieved with MAR activated in the OP300 unit, for Ti and Zr (p < 0.05). On the Eagle 3D unit, MAR in extreme mode resulted in lower diagnostic values for both types of implants (p < 0.05). The diagnostic values of Ti implants were higher than Zr implants (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The application of MAR influences the diagnosis of bone graft loss adjacent to Ti and Zr dental implants. However, the extreme mode of MAR in the Eagle 3D unit can impair the diagnostic task in both types of implants and should be avoided.
Longitudinal Trajectories of Psychological Distress and Its Influence Factors in Young and Middle‐Aged Patients With Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Xiaoxuan , Zou Wenjie , Du Qianqian , Xie Jingyue , Zhong Mengjiao , Li Xinxin , Wu Xiaodan , Zhang Meifen
Published: November 2024

Aims

To identify the longitudinal trajectories of psychological distress and to explore the predictive factors of different trajectories among young and middle‐aged colorectal cancer patients from diagnosis to 6 months postoperation.

Design

A longitudinal study was conducted, guided by the STROBE checklist.

Methods

A total of 214 patients were recruited from July 2021 to May 2022 at a cancer hospital in Guangzhou, China. Data were collected from diagnosis to 6 months post‐surgery, using the Brief Symptom Inventory‐18, Distress Disclosure Index, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale and Social Support Rating Scale. We also collected socio‐demographic and clinical characteristics at baseline. General estimation equation (GEE) was used to analyse the overall trend of psychological distress. To identify distinct distress trajectories, growth mixture modelling (GMM) and latent class growth modelling (LCGM) were both used.

Results

Longitudinal trajectories of psychological distress: the average score of psychological distress at different time points were 12.02 ± 9.87, 17.40 ± 9.73, 15.91 ± 10.05, 16.28 ± 11.24 and 16.31 ± 11.66. GEE showed four unique trajectories of psychological distress: chronic distress, no distress, steady increase and significantly increased. With reference to resilient group, multinomial logistic regression showed that education level, monthly income, minor offspring, stoma, residence, self‐disclosure and psychological resilience were predictive factors of chronic distress class or increase‐distress class.

Conclusion

From diagnosis to 6 months post‐surgery, psychological distress increased at discharge, gradually stabilising thereafter. Meanwhile, results revealed heterogeneity in this population. To effectively alleviate distress, it is crucial to identify high‐risk individuals through predictive factors and implement tailored interventions.

Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care

This study offers the trajectory and predictors of psychological distress in the process of diagnosis and treatment, and can be used in the clinical identification and monitoring of high‐risk patients.

Impact

The findings suggest that healthcare providers should regularly monitored and identified the psychological distress of patients, and took individualised intervention measures.

Reporting Method

This study is reported using the STROBE guidelines.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public engagement.
Limitation of Unipolar Electrograms in Guiding Successful RFCA of Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias Associated With Discrete Pre‐Potential
Authors: Di Chengye , Wang Qun , Wu Yanxi , Li Longyu , Zhang Yan , Lin Wenhua
Published: November 2024

Objectives

Activation mapping for idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (IVAs) typically relies on identifying the earliest bipolar electrograms and unipolar electrograms characterized by an initial QS morphology preceding the intrinsic deflection. However, the utility of unipolar electrogram morphology, particularly when associated with discrete pre‐potentials, in guiding IVA mapping is not well understood.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 537 patients who underwent successful radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for IVAs between March 2016 and August 2023. Among them, 23 patients (4.3%) exhibited discrete bipolar pre‐potentials with an isoelectric line between the end of the discrete pre‐potential and the onset of the QRS complex during IVAs at the successful RFCA site. These cases were included in this study.

Results

The time interval from the onset of the discrete pre‐potential to the onset of the QRS complex was 66.4 ± 18.3 ms. The duration of the isoelectric line between the end of the discrete pre‐potential and the onset of the QRS complex was 36.9 ± 13.6 ms. Unipolar electrograms associated with discrete pre‐potentials exhibited an initial negative morphology in only 13 out of 23 patients (56.5%). In contrast, initial positive and isoelectric configurations in unipolar electrograms were observed in two patients (8.7%) and eight patients (34.8%), respectively. Perfect pace mapping was obtained in 21 patients (91.3%). RFCA was successful at the earliest site of the pre‐potential within 3.5 ± 1.5 s in all 23 patients. During the 2.4 ± 1.2 years follow‐up period, only one patient (4.3%) experienced a recurrence of clinical IVAs, with no complications reported during RFCA or follow‐up.

Conclusions

Unipolar electrograms show limited reliability in guiding the identification of IVAs origins compared to bipolar electrograms associated with discrete pre‐potentials.
Demand Estimation with Flexible Income Effect: An Application to Pass‐Through and Merger Analysis*
Authors: Kaneko Shuhei , Toyama Yuta
Published: November 2024

This article proposes a semiparametric discrete choice model that incorporates a nonparametric specification for income effects. The model allows for the flexible estimation of demand curvature, which has significant implications for pricing and policy analysis in oligopolistic markets. Our estimation algorithm adopts a method of sieve approximation with shape restrictions in a nested fixed‐point algorithm. Applying this framework to the Japanese automobile market, we conduct a pass‐through analysis of feebates and merger simulations. Our model predicts a higher pass‐through rate and more significant merger effects than parametric demand models, highlighting the importance of flexibly estimating demand curvature.
To Our Nurse Friends: An Ode to Resistance
Authors: Martin Patrick , Laurin Annie‐Claude
Published: November 2024

The concept of resistance in nursing has been garnering more interest in the last few years, with emerging focus on working conditions, power differentials in clinical settings, health inequities, and planetary health concerns. As a result, it's important to identify what is being resisted, and what is the purpose of the resistance carried out. In whatever way resistance is referenced in nursing, outright or not, it is our contention that it's in response to the same underlying cause, barring some local and contextual variations, which we refer to as ‘the Beast’, where the real catastrophe is societal, and is ‘existential, affective and metaphysical’. It therefore seems coherent to consider this macro catastrophe from an ontological point of view, that is, from the standpoints of ‘being’ in relation to the world, which necessarily refers to specific ways of apprehending reality. In this article, we therefore present two ontologies ‐ antagonistic in every respect, to better situate resistance in nursing in a larger ecosystem. Using the Invisible Committee's book and call to action To our friends, this is our modest contribution to celebrate resistance, to help equip fellow nurses to better organise and strategize in the face of incessant growth and too often undesirable change in healthcare.
Metabolism Interaction Between Bacillus cereus SESY and Brassica napus Contributes to Enhance Host Selenium Absorption and Accumulation
Authors: Zhang Huan , Liang Lianming , Du Xiaoping , Shi Guangyu , Wang Xu , Tang Yanni , Lei Zheng , Wang Yin , Yi Ceng , Hu Chengxiao , Zhao Xiaohu
Published: November 2024

The use of beneficial bacteria to enhance selenium absorption in crops has been widely studied. However, it is unclear how the interaction between bacteria and plants affects selenium absorption in crops. Here, pot experiments and Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) experiments were performed. Transcriptomic analyses were used to reveal the interaction between Bacillus cereus SESY and Brassica napus. The results indicated that B. cereus SESY can significantly increase the biomass and selenium content of B. napus. The genes related to the colonization, IAA synthesis, and l‐cysteine synthesis and metabolism of B. cereus SESY were significantly stimulated by B. napus through transcriptional regulation. Further verification results showed that l‐cysteine increased selenium content in B. napus roots and shoots by 62.9% and 88.4%, respectively. B. cereus SESY and l‐cysteine consistently regulated the relative expression level of genes involved in plant hormone, amino acid metabolism, selenium absorption, and Se enzymatic and nonenzymatic metabolic pathway of B. napus. These genes were significantly correlated with selenium content and biomass of B. napus (p < 0.05). Overall, IAA biosynthesis, and l‐cysteine biosynthesis and metabolism in B. cereus SESY stimulated by interactions triggered molecular and metabolic responses of B. napus, underpinning host selenium absorption and accumulation.
Height functions on Hecke orbits and the generalised André–Pink–Zannier conjecture
Authors: Richard Rodolphe , Yafaev Andrei
Published: November 2024

We introduce and study the notion of a generalised Hecke orbit in a Shimura variety. We define a height function on such an orbit and study its properties. We obtain lower bounds for the sizes of Galois orbits of points in a generalised Hecke orbit in terms of this height function, assuming the ‘weakly adelic Mumford–Tate hypothesis’ and prove the generalised André–Pink–Zannier conjecture under this assumption, using Pila–Zannier strategy.