bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rural Society and Re-Imagination of Education
Authors: Begum Ahmadi , Pushparajesh V.
Published: February 2023

Education is the most powerful tool in the world to end poverty forever. India, where extreme poverty has grown, especially in rural areas, is a country where it is totally relevant. Indian society, a large portion of which lives in rural areas, lacks education due to factors like politics, which have been used over the years to keep them ignorant of the benefits of education. As a result, there has been no advancement in agriculture, and there is a lack of skills needed to obtain jobs in the manufacturing and service sectors. The majority of people in rural regions today are surviving, but they are malnourished because they are not getting the necessary nourishment, and at the same time, their income is so low that they cannot afford to buy supplements. The government gave universal education significant consideration after it was added to the Millennium Development Goals, although considering higher education is unrealistic given that only universal basic education has been accomplished. The most crucial thing the government can do is educate and assist the underprivileged in sending their children to school and to support further education with a practical emphasis, which would enable them to find employment in the sector. They should have easy access to agricultural courses if they desire to enrol in one. Rural residents do not receive their fair share of government benefits like the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sichayi Yojana [4] and Fasal Bima Yojana [4] if they are not educated. Therefore, it is imperative to provide rural society with knowledge so that they can benefit appropriately from government programmes as well as from agricultural improvement and revenue diversification.
interpretación de la integridad académica en las universidades de México y España
Authors: Cancelo-Sanmartín Mercedes , Rodríguez-Segura Leticia , Budar-López Enrique Jaime
Published: February 2023

Los centros de educación superior son por definición espacios de generación de conocimiento, derivado de ello se vincula la aplicación de los valores primordiales que rigen el desarrollo académico y científico. Entre estos valores subyacen tales como honestidad, justicia, respeto, responsabilidad y confianza. Existen múltiples interpretaciones de integridad académica, este estudio se promueve el cual abarca todos los elementos mencionados como valores básicos del desarrollo social y universitario: honestidad, justicia, respeto, responsabilidad y confianza.Este estudio se orienta a conocer el grado de transparencia, compromiso e integridad presente en las universidades en el desarrollo de su labor académica e investigadora.
Automatic and controlled attentional orienting toward emotional faces in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Righi Stefania , Gronchi Giorgio , Ramat Silvia , Gavazzi Gioele , Cecchi Francesca , Viggiano Maria Pia
Published: February 2023

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative motor disorder that can associate with deficits in cognitive and emotional processing. In particular, PD has been reported to be mainly associated with defects in executive control and orienting attentional systems. The deficit in emotional processing mainly emerged in facial expression recognition. It is possible that the defects in emotional processing in PD may be secondary to other cognitive impairments, such as attentional deficits. This study was designed to systematically investigate the different weight of automatic and controlled attentional orienting mechanisms implied in emotional selective attention in PD. To address our purpose, we assessed drug-naïve PD patients and age-matched healthy controls with two dot-probe tasks that differed for stimuli duration. Automatic and controlled attentions were evaluated with stimuli lasting 100 ms and 500 ms, respectively. Furthermore, we introduced an emotion recognition task to investigate the performance in explicit emotion classification. The stimuli used in both the tasks dot-probe and emotion recognition were expressive faces displaying neutral, disgusted, fearful, and happy expressions.

Our results showed that in PD patients, compared with healthy controls, there was 1) an alteration of automatic and controlled attentional orienting toward emotional faces in both the dot-probe tasks (with short and long durations), and 2) no difference in the emotion recognition task. These findings suggest that, from the early stages of the disease, PD can yield specific deficits in implicit emotion processing task (i.e., dot-probe task) despite a normal performance in explicit tasks that demand overt emotion recognition.
Methods of knowledge extraction from natural language texts
Authors:   Putilov Institute for Informatics and Mathematical Modeling of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pimeshkov Vadim K. , Shishaev Maxim G. ,   Putilov Institute for Informatics and Mathematical Modeling of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2023

The paper considers methods for knowledge extraction from natural language texts. A formal definition of the task is given, two main subtasks are distinguished: concept extraction and relationship extraction. The classification of methods is considered from the point of view of the language and language resources, from the point of view of setting the problem, as well as from the point of view of solving problems of extracting concepts and relations.
Regulation of technogenic and environmental safety of critical infrastructure facilities: regulatory updating
Authors:   Putilov Institute for Informatics and Mathematical Modeling of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakovlev Sergey Yu. , Shemyakin Alexey S. ,   Putilov Institute for Informatics and Mathematical Modeling of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Oleynik Andrey G. ,   Putilov Institute for Informatics and Mathematical Modeling of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2023

The article discusses certain regulatory challenges for the critical facilities safety, reflecting recent changes in legislation. Particular attention is paid to the issues of identification and classification of objects, as well as indicators and criteria for regulating technogenic and environmental safety. It is shown that the conceptual foundations of identification and classification generally correspond to the previous standards. Both the old and the new legislation note the absence of risk indicators, as well as the insufficiency of the methodological base for studying the safety of critical facilities.
Logistics tasks: classification and methods of solution
Authors:   Putilov Institute for Informatics and Mathematical Modeling of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shestakov Aleksey V. , Zuenko Alexander A. ,   Putilov Institute for Informatics and Mathematical Modeling of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2023

The article provides definitions of logistics tasks and their classification. Some mathematical statements of logistics problems and methods of their solution are also given. In particular, the following combinatorial optimization problems are described: the traveling salesman problem, the resource allocation problem, the transportation problem, the maximum flow problem.
China's Agricultural Research System and Reforms: Challenges and Implications for Developing Countries
Authors:   China Center for Agricultural Policy, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, China, Huang Jikun , Hu Raifa ,   Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Rozelle Scott ,   University of California Davis, USA
Published: February 2023

The expansion of the real output of major food and agricultural productions in China ranks as one of the nation's great achievements. Publicly funded agricultural research has been key to the impressive performance (Huang et al. 2003). Expenditures grew rapidly from the early 1960s to the middle 1980s and the number of agricultural researchers increased throughout (Fan and Pardey 1992). The rising research investment resulted in a steady stream of productivityincreasing technology.
INTEGRATION OF STRUCTURAL INFORMATION WITHIN A BIM-BASED ENVIRONMENT FOR SEISMIC STRUCTURAL E-PERMITS
Authors: Ciccone Angelo , Ciotta Vittoria , Asprone Domenico
Published: February 2023

The assessment of the structural safety of buildings, with the related outcomes and other structural information, is typically reported in un-structured sets of documents (tables, drawings, reports, etc.). This happens even if Building Information Modelling (BIM) workflows, platforms, and standards are adopted. Generally, the BIM database provides input data for the structural design, but most of the data produced by structural designers, according to the structural codes, do not fully integrate into the BIM database along with other context-related information. These data are not easily recorded, especially in openBIM standard file formats such as Industry Foundation Classes (IFC). In the context of digital procedures for permit applications pertaining to seismic structural engineering, the authors propose an openBIM approach for the integration of structural information to support the activities of building authorities’ bodies (BABs). The proposed framework has led to the development of an Information Delivery Manual (IDM) and a Model View Definition (MVD), considering the IFC schema, for the integration and exchange of information within a BIM-based environment. Successively, the authors implemented the proposed IDM/MVD solution in a case study that provided an effective workflow for innovative future delivery of necessary information to building authorities to obtain seismic authorization permits.
Tidally Forced Planetary Waves in the Tachocline of Solar-like Stars
Authors: Horstmann Gerrit M. , Mamatsashvili George , Giesecke André , Zaqarashvili Teimuraz V. , Stefani Frank
Published: February 2023

Can atmospheric waves in planet-hosting solar-like stars substantially resonate to tidal forcing, perhaps at a level of impacting the space weather or even being dynamo-relevant? In particular, low-frequency Rossby waves, which have been detected in the solar near-surface layers, are predestined to respond to sunspot cycle-scale perturbations. In this paper, we seek to address these questions as we formulate a forced wave model for the tachocline layer, which is widely considered as the birthplace of several magnetohydrodynamic planetary waves, i.e., Rossby, inertia-gravity (Poincaré), Kelvin, Alfvén, and gravity waves. The tachocline is modeled as a shallow plasma atmosphere with an effective free surface on top that we describe within the Cartesian β-plane approximation. As a novelty to former studies, we equip the governing equations with a conservative tidal potential and a linear friction law to account for viscous dissipation. We combine the linearized governing equations into one decoupled wave equation, which facilitates an easily approachable analysis. Analytical results are presented and discussed within several interesting free, damped, and forced wave limits for both midlatitude and equatorially trapped waves. For the idealized case of a single tide-generating body following a circular orbit, we derive an explicit analytic solution that we apply to our Sun for estimating leading-order responses to Jupiter. Our analysis reveals that Rossby waves resonating to low-frequency perturbations can potentially reach considerable velocity amplitudes on the order of 101–102 cm s−1, which, however, strongly rely on the yet unknown frictional damping parameter.
Critical Metallicity of Cool Supergiant Formation. I. Effects on Stellar-mass Loss and Feedback
Authors: Ou 歐 Po-Sheng 柏昇 , Chen 陳 Ke-Jung 科榮 , Chu 朱 You-Hua 有花 , Tsai 蔡 Sung-Han 松翰
Published: February 2023

This paper systematically studies the relation between metallicity and mass loss of massive stars. We perform one-dimensional stellar evolution simulations and build a grid of ∼2000 models with initial masses ranging between 11 and 60 M
⊙ and absolute metallicities Z between 0.00001 and 0.02. Steady-state winds, comprising hot main-sequence winds and cool supergiant winds, are the main drivers of the mass loss of massive stars in our models. We calculate the total mass loss over the stellar lifetime for each model. Our results reveal the existence of a critical metallicity Z
c at Z ∼ 10−3, where the mass loss exhibits a dramatic jump. If Z > Z
c, massive stars tend to evolve into cool supergiants, and a robust cool wind is operational. In contrast, if Z < Z
c, massive stars usually remain as blue supergiants, wherein the cool wind is not activated and the mass loss is generally weak. Moreover, we calculate the wind feedback in a 105
M
⊙ star cluster with the Salpeter initial mass function. The kinetic energy released by winds does not exhibit any significant transition at Z
c because the wind velocity of a cool supergiant wind is low and contributes little to the kinetic energy. The effects of critical metallicity provide implications for the fates of metal-poor stars in the early universe.
Collisional Growth and Fragmentation of Dust Aggregates. II. Mass Distribution of Icy Fragments
Authors: Hasegawa Yukihiko , Suzuki Takeru K. , Tanaka Hidekazu , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Wada Koji
Published: February 2023

By performing N-body simulations, we investigated the fundamental processes of collisions between dust aggregates composed of submicron-sized icy dust monomers. We examined the mass distribution of fragments in the collisional outcomes in a wide range of the mass ratio and the collision velocity between colliding dust aggregates. We derived analytic expressions of the mass distribution of large remnants and small fragments by numerical fitting to the simulation results. Our analytic formulae for masses of the large remnants can reproduce the contribution of mass transfer from a large target to a small projectile, which occurs for a mass ratio of ≳3 and is shown in a previous study. We found that the power-law index of the cumulative mass distribution of the small fragments is independent of the mass ratio and only weakly dependent on the collision velocity. On the other hand, the mass fraction of fragments of individual dust monomers decreases with an increasing total mass of colliding aggregates for a fixed mass ratio. This tendency implies that multiple hierarchical disruptive collisions (i.e., collisions between fragments, and collisions between fragments of fragments) are required for producing a large number of individual dust monomers via collisional fragmentation. Our fragment model suggests that the total geometric cross section integrated over the fragments is estimated to be about the same order as the geometric cross section of the target.
The closing system of megalithic tombs in Tunisia: the example of Kalaat Sidi Ali Ben Ahmed (Makthar region, High Tunisian Tell)
Authors: Miniaoui Souad
Published: February 2023

The megalithic tombs of Tunisia have entrances with a closing system built into the front wall. At Kalaat Sidi Ali Ben Ahmed, this particularity was observed on four types of tombs. The closing system, which differs from one necropolis to another in the Upper Tell region, ensures both access and descent into the burial chamber. Access is direct in some necropolises, while in others it is preceded by amenities. Thoughts on the question of the closing system have been put forward. The closing system reflects a mastery of stone cutting, although it is sometimes simple. This stonework is not limited to the access opening alone, but is also found on other architectural elements of the structure such as the roof slab, side pillars, side walls and box pillars.The contribution of this article is to present the closing system, a subject that has not been dealt with before, and to reflect on issues around this subject, namely access and descent into the sepulchral chamber and the working of the stone.
Ontology Development Methodology for Virtual Reality-Based Training (VRT) in Ophthalmology Domain
Authors: Benferdia Youcef , Ahmad Mohammad Nazir , Mustafa Mushawiahti , Mohamad Ummul Hanan , Leong Liew Kok
Published: February 2023

In healthcare, the concept of virtual reality (VR) has already been around for decades. Virtual reality training (VRT) in ophthalmology, for example, has the potential to offer signiðcant levels of skills transfer to novice ophthalmic surgeons, improved patient safety, and surgical competency. However, VRT in this domain still lacks the ability of capturing training scenarios and learning contents (e.g., surgical contents) in an explicit manner. In this context, ontology arriving from artificial intelligence has become a backbone of VRT. Nowadays, there is an increasing concern towards approaches that apply ontologies as domain-driven conceptual models that help to explicitly represent the training scenario taking place in virtual environments (VE). Unfortunately, recent studies have reported that all designed ontologies for VRT in general areas apply deficient components of ontological engineering, specifically methodology. Therefore, it is a good pioneer initiative to establish a unified methodology and apply the best ontology design approaches.
Bringing Intelligence to Medical Devices Through Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Rubi Jaya , A. Vijayalakshmi , kanna Kishore R , G. Umashankar
Published: February 2023

Artificial intelligence is one discipline that seeks a lot of interest as it combines human brains and machines. Firstly, to elucidate some of the salient features, interests, and issues related to artificial intelligence, this chapter will briefly elaborate on the need for artificial intelligence in healthcare. As a backdrop to this discussion, a short reflection on various types of artificial intelligence, the advantages, and disadvantages will also be discussed in this chapter. This chapter will also present a brief investigation of emerging challenges in incorporating human minds with medical devices. The chapter will also provide a brief perspective about the future advancements that would facilitate the healthcare delivery system and also improve patient outcomes. The chapter concludes by considering a few solutions which would have a potential impact on current challenges being faced by artificial intelligence and healthcare systems.
Navigating the Economic Challenges of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict on India
Authors: Kumar Kishlay , Singhania Dimpal , Singh Karan Pratap , Mishra Puja , Sinha Keshav
Published: February 2023

The war between Russia and Ukraine negatively impacts growth and results in a high inflation rate in the global village. In 2021, Ukraine exported $2.6B to India and imported $509.94M. During the same period, bilateral trade totaled $12.3 billion, with Indian exports totaling $3.33 billion and imports totaling $8.7 billion. The last three months, foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) pulled out of Indian markets — Rs. 50,000 crores more than the combined withdrawal of the previous nine months. As the weakened rupee made imports more expensive, the rise in crude oil prices worsened things. Brent crude prices, which hovered around $80 a barrel in early 2022, shot up to $128 a barrel in the wake of the Russian invasion. The heat of the Russo-Ukrainian war is now reaching citizens in India and around the world. This article is an overview of the aftermath of the Russia-Ukraine war on the Indian economy.
Social Media Use and Propaganda Techniques
Authors: Çakmak Veysel
Published: February 2023

Propaganda, which is used to spread an idea or a doctrine, is one of the most effective communication and persuasion tools used from the past to the present. Propaganda passed in the communication process. It was first done face-to-face, and then it took place in writing with the emergence of the printing press. It was made by using mass media such as newspapers, magazines, radio, and television, which were common in the 19th and 20th centuries. When it comes to the 21st century, it is mostly done virtually in an interactive way on social media or digital media, which are Web 2.0 tools. Therefore, a change and transformation are taking place in the techniques of using propaganda in communication with new technologies. With the converged communication technologies, propaganda has been made more effective in recent years. In this study, primarily propaganda and mass media are emphasized. Afterward, the photograph is evaluated as a visual propaganda tool. Finally, the Sputnik News Agency of Russia in the context of the Ukrainian-Russian War is evaluated.
Commentary
Authors: Albert Donald P.
Published: February 2023

This commentary reflects on two observations concerning trends in presenting medical geography studies. These include lack of cartographic rigor, and not defining or recognizing changing definitions of healthy and unhealth foods and ways of eating.
Adoption of Big Data Analytics
Authors: Ganeshkumar C.  , Sankar Jeganathan Gomathi , David Arokiaraj
Published: February 2023

The study presents the results of the work undertaken to analyse constructs that make the companies adopt big data in the food industry towards the financial and market performance. Data was collected from 300 food industry employees who work in vital roles in the company. Primary data was collected through a survey method and a theoretical model was tested. Technological—Organizational—Enviornmental (TOE) framework was adopted, and the factors were analysed using Smart PLS software. It reveals that trialability, observability, complexity, and top management support are having a greater influence on big data analytics (BDA) adoption. Furthermore, external support, uncertainty and insecurity, and organizational readiness are also identified to affect BDA adoption. The findings ascertain the impact of BDA on the financial performance and marketing performance of the organisations. Understanding the variables that affect BDA acceptability enables managers to take the appropriate steps for a successful deployment. The research aids BDA service providers in luring and spreading BDA in the food sector.
Social Media Usage
Authors: Mude Girish , Undale Swapnil
Published: February 2023

Social media is an important part of young generations' digital lives and has become much more than a social connection tool. This research offers comprehensions into usage of social media among Gen Y and Gen Z and investigates the usage of social media's features such as socialization, information, entertainment, education, and shopping. Various previous studies are available which attempted to investigate the usage of social media by Gen Z and Gen Y independently. This study is the first that attempted to compare the usage between Gen Z and Gen Y. This is an empirical study comprising 293 respondents from Gen Y and Gen Z, who were selected purposively. The findings suggest that Gen Z use social media more than Gen Y for education, entertainment, shopping, and socialization whereas social media usage of both the generations for information seeking are equal. This study offers recommendations for companies from India to consider incorporating social media marketing actions to encourage their brands and products to specific age groups.
Media Coverage of 3D Visual Tools Used in Urban Participatory Planning
Authors: Chassin Thibaud , Ingensand Jens , Joerin Florent
Published: February 2023

The opportunities provided by adopting digitally-generated visual tools in urban participatory planning are compelling. These visual tools can promote interactions between authorities and citizens and among citizens. However, the urban participatory practices of these tools are often described from an academic perspective, which leads to a lack of knowledge from the practitioner's outlook. This study investigates practices of 3D visual tools in applied urban projects. The applied projects were recovered from media coverage. The objective is to describe participatory projects and their adopted 3D tools with a contextual and technical lens. The findings demonstrate that 3D visuals are mostly adopted for communication with a realistic representation and limited interaction in the later stage of the project where negotiation margins are insufficient at a small and medium urban scale. A better understanding of applied practices can help to introduce guidelines that support practitioners in designing approaches that benefit from the full potential of 3D visual tools.
Comparative X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Study on the Synthesis of Natural Based Magnetic Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Maulana Muhammad Yovinanda , Yuliarto Brian , Jenie Siti Nurul Aisyiyah , Septiani Ni Luh Wulan
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study was to compare the synthesis process of magnetic silica nanoparticles (Fe-SNP) through the analysis of X-ray Diffraction (XRD) results. Fe3O4 magnetic nanopowders was synthesized by ultrasonic assisted co-precipitation and Fe-SNP was synthesized by direct mixing method of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and magnetite (Fe3O4) and the sol-gel method. Silica sludge was used as a silica source from Indonesia geothermal power plant waste. The synthesized of Fe-SNP is the functionalization of Fe3O4 with silica. Variations concentration of Na2SiO3 is used for the direct mixing method and variations of Fe3O4 form is used for the sol-gel method. Particles formed and particle size were characterized by XRD. The XRD results showed that there is no SiO2 phase in the sample synthesized by direct mixing method while two phases of SiO2 and Fe3O4 were found in the sample synthesized by sol-gel method. The size of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles calculated with Scherer’s formula and it obtained 19.9 nm, while the Fe3O4 nanoparticles with the addition of 20 mL and 6 mL Na2SiO3 concentrations were 6,53 nm and 10,23 nm. For the sol-gel method the size of Fe3O4 nanoparticles obtained was 11,03 using Fe3O4 powders and 9,86 using Fe3O4 solutions.
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Preparation by Using Homemade Hydrothermal Pyrolysis Technique with Different Reaction Times
Authors: Taha Ahmed Basim , Essa Mohammed Shaalan , Chiad Bahaa Toama
Published: February 2023

In this research, iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared by a new hydrothermal pyrolysis technique at different reaction times. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) characterization showed that the nanoparticles have high crystallinity with a combination of two crystal phases maghemite and magnetite, as the reaction time increase the ratio of magnetite phase to maghemite phase increased. The morphological properties of the samples showed an increase in the particle size from 58 to 108 nm due to the single domain–multidomain transition as showed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Electron Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectra showed only peaks of oxygen and iron that verified the formation of iron oxide nanoparticles. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) showed that the absorption peaks at about 578 cm-1 and 630 cm-1 correspond to the stretching modes of the Fe-O in magnetite, as the reaction time increased the peak around 630 cm-1 decreased due to the magnetite phase only. Finally, all the results showed the formation of iron oxide nanoparticles by this new technique that merges spray pyrolysis and hydrothermal techniques with many advantages such as spraying successive parameters in a short time, high-speed, good homogeneity, and pure material with small particle size.
Abstracts of the 2023 Padua Days of Muscle and Mobility Medicine (2023Pdm3) to be held March 29 - April 1 at the Galileian Academy of Padua and at the Petrarca Hotel, Thermae of Euganean Hills, Padua, Italy
Authors: Zampieri Sandra , Narici Marco V. , Gargiulo Paolo , Carraro Ugo
Published: February 2023

At the end of the 2022 Padua Days of Muscle and Mobility Medicine (Pdm3) the next year's meeting was scheduled from 29 March to 1 April 2023. Despite the worsening evolution of the crisis in Eastern Europe, the program was confirmed in autumn 2022 with Scientific Sessions that will take place over three full days in the Aula Guariento of the Galileian Academy of Arts, Letters and Sciences of Padua (March 29, 2023) and then at the Conference Room of the Hotel Petrarca, Thermae of Euganean Hills (Padua), Italy. Collected during autumn and early winter, many titles and abstracts where submitted (about 100 Oral presentations are listed in the preliminary Program by January 31, 2023) confirming attractiveness of the 2023 Pdm3. The four days will include oral presentations of scientists and clinicians from Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, France, Georgia, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Mongolia, Norway, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, The Netherlands and USA. Together with the preliminary Program at January 31, 2023, the Collection of Abstracts is e-published in this Issue 33 (1) 2023 of the European Journal of Translational Myology (EJTM). You are invited to join, submitting your Last Minute Abstracts to ugo.carraro@unipd.it by March 15, 2023. Furthermore, with the more generous deadline of May 20, 2023, submit please “Communications” to the European Journal of Translational Myology (SCOPUS Cite Score Tracker 2023: 3.2 by January 5, 2023) and/or to the 2023 Special Issue: “Pdm3” of the Journal Diagnostics, MDPI, Basel (I.F. near to 4.0) with deadline September 30, 2023. Both journals will provide discounts to the first accepted typescripts. See you soon at the Hotel Petrarca of Montegrotto Terme, Padua, Italy.

For a promo of the 2023 Pdm3 link to: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zC02D4uPWRg
Utility of Mini-peer Assessment Tool as a Formative Assessment Tool for the Postgraduate Trainees from Dental Faculty in Specialty of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge
Authors: Bhoyar Anjali Giridhar , Vagha Sunita Jayant , Prakash Seema Sathe , Dhamande Mithilesh Murlidhar
Published: February 2023

Background:

Mini-peer assessment tool (PAT), a multisource feedback tool, provides reliable information on a trainee doctor's performance in the areas of communication skills and humanitarian ethics. This tool is not utilized in the Faculty of Dentistry's postgraduate program in the subject of prosthodontics for formative assessment.

Materials and Methods:

This qualitative study was undertaken to determine the usability of the mini-PAT as a formative assessment instrument for postgraduate trainees in the specialty of prosthodontics. The study was performed using a purposive sampling method and mini-PAT questionnaire to evaluate all the residents who consented to participate in the study at two-time intervals. Feedback obtained from the assessors was shared with every postgraduate trainee to encourage them toward constructive professional development.

Results:

Statistic was done using Pearson's Chi-square test with Fisher's exact test to discover the relationship between two categorical variables. The mean scores of seven criteria of the mini-PAT before and after intervention were compared. Overall ratings demonstrated significant improvement (P < 0.001) after the intervention.

Conclusions:

Mini-PAT was found to be a useful formative assessment tool for postgraduate trainees from dental faculty in the specialty of prosthodontics.
An Experimental Study on the Effect of Background Music on Memory Recall among Medical Students
Authors: Prabhu P Sujatha , Nair Reshmi Prem , Lau Luh Yee , Chong Ju Yang , Sia Zhi Fung , Aithal P Ashwini
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of background music on short-term and long-term memory recall and to find out which type of background music aids in the process of recalling.

Methodology:

Two hundred medical students were divided into four groups (fifty in each group). For all groups, the same set of words was projected with different background music and no music. Two-min time was given to memorize twenty words; they were asked to recall and write down the words within 2 min. Same participants were called back after 1 week and asked to recall and rewrite the same words, along with the same background music to which they were previously exposed. The number of words remembered by them was obtained for comparing short-term memory and long-term memory using the SPSS software.

Results:

Data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA. The categorical values were described as median. Group A (no music) has obtained the highest score for both short-term and long-term memory with the median of 15 and 10, respectively. Group C (country music) obtained the lowest score with median of 11 (short-term memory) and 3.5 (long-term memory). There was statistically significance difference between Group A and C (P = 0.000), Group B (instrumental music) and C (P = 0.000), and Group C and D (rock music) (P = 0.000).

Conclusions:

The results show that music has an impact on learning and decreases the memory recall as highest scores were obtained for memory recall in participants who were not exposed to any background music.
Health Hazards of Water Contamination
Authors: Sarkar Atreyee , Devi Shantee
Published: February 2023

Water-borne diseases are on the rise all over the world. With the galloping progress of industrialization and urbanization, ground water which is the main source of drinking water is getting contaminated due to the various types of pollutants and is becoming scarce due to overconsumption. Consuming and using this contaminated water without any kind of treatment causes dangerous water-borne diseases. This is rampant not only in developing countries such as India but developed nations such as the USA as well. The prevalence of these water-borne diseases, its occurrence during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, effect of climate change on the occurrence of the diseases, adverse outcomes of water-related illnesses, possible treatment and precautionary methods should be reviewed. The types of pollutants, discussion of water-borne diseases, drugs used for treating the water-related diseases, treatments, and prevention measures have been covered in this literature-based review paper with a critical acclaim of literature sources available in the public domain. All references have been duly acknowledged in the references section of this paper.
Patient–physician Communication in Health Centers
Authors: Alijanzadeh Mehran , Maleki Mohammadreza , Pourasghari Hamid
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

A good relationship between physician and patient is effective in improving public health. The present study aimed to identify the factors affecting proper patient–physician communication in health centers.

Methods:

To this end, an exploratory qualitative study was conducted in 2019. The interviews were performed purposefully, and 18 patients referred to health centers were interviewed with maximum variation. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using the approach of content analysis.

Results:

Data analysis revealed two main themes of human communication and health access. The theme of human communication consisted of four subthemes: physician's knowledge and experience, physician's behavior and ethics, comprehensive attention to the patient, and physician's discipline. Further, the theme of health access consisted of two subthemes: the physical condition of the center and the condition of the equipment.

Conclusion:

The identified components can be used to train medical students and evaluate the communication performance of doctors in health centers paying appropriate attention to these factors leading to patient satisfaction and, consequently, improving public health.
A REVIEW ON SOME MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES WITH THE MOST TRADITIONAL MEDICINAL USAGE IN INDIA
Authors: Singh Shrishti
Published: February 2023

Medicinal plants have been used since the Vedic era. In rural India, around 80 percent of the population more or less uses the traditional type of medicines. There are about 45,000 medicinal plant species in India, with concentrated spots in the region of Eastern Himalayas, Western Ghats and Andaman and Nicobar Island. The officially documented plants with medicinal potential are around 3000 but traditional practitioners use more than 6000. India is the largest producer of medicinal herbs and is called the botanical garden of the world. Nowadays in developing countries, assurance of the protection, quality and usefulness of medicinal plants and herbal products has now become a key issue. Almost every portion of the plant has its own medicinal properties. Medicinal plants possess many other properties like antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anti-parasitic, anti-hemolytic, antibiotic, anti-insecticidal properties etc. These are widely used by tribal people all over the world. There is a long list of medicinal plant species which are helpful for mankind in many ways but the author tried to focus on explaining the traditional medicinal usage of 32 plant species in this review article.
A Comparative Study between Cyproheptadine and Carum Carvi as Appetite Stimulant in Case of Weight Gain
Authors:   Gayatri College of Pharmacy, Jamadarpali, Sambalpur- 768200, Odisha, Paramita Pati Prangya , Mishra Manas Ranjan ,   Gayatri College of Pharmacy, Jamadarpali, Sambalpur- 768200, Odisha, Das Surya Narayan ,   Gayatri College of Pharmacy, Jamadarpali, Sambalpur- 768200, Odisha
Published: February 2023

Appetite stimulators are the therapeutic compounds that increases appetite and help in weight gain. The commonly used synthetic appetite stimulators may be in the form of a synthetic drug (Cyproheptadine) or a hormone (Ghrelin) which increases hunger and therefore enhances food consumption leading to weight gain. Weight gainers are advised in case of children that show poor eating habits to enhance their appetite. The use of synthetic or chemical source is often accompanied with side effects such as abnormal weight gain, confusion, ataxia, drowsiness, dry mouth leading to a slower metabolism. This comparative study, gives an overview on the potential capacity of Carum carvi, a carminative, obtained from natural source having lesser side effects and a significant potential to increase the peristaltic movement thus leading to increased gastric motility. The 5-HT antagonist, cyproheptadine increases appetite by blocking the action of 5-HT2A and shows additional anti-histaminic action. Therefore, it increases the GIT motility. But it is accompanied with many side effects such as drowsiness, ataxia, dry mouth and confusion. Whereas, Carum carvi, a natural GIT motility enhancer increasing the peristaltic movement by blocking the action of acetylcholine. Therefore may act as anti-cholinergic agent that enhances the GIT motility that enhances appetite with minimal side effects.
The Growth and Development of Iron Works and its Contributions to Economic Emancipation in Yola-Adamawa Emirate
Authors:   Office of the Deputy Vice Chancellor, Federal University Gusau, Nigeria, Umaru Chubado , Bello Mas’ud ,   Department of History and International Studies, Federal University Gusau, Nigeria
Published: February 2023

This paper gives general account of iron work industry (Blacksmithing) in Adamawa emirate, which have been an integral subsector of the manufacturing agricultural, domestic tools and indigenous weapons. Smithing is the act of turning mined ores into useful metal objects. There are two parts of smithing: smelting and forging. Smelting means using a furnace to convert ores into metal bars. Forging means hammering metal bars on anvil to make weapon pieces of armour, dart tips and more. The industry contributes to the growth and development of commercial activities and livelihood of the people of Yola (Adamawa) and their neighbours. It is worthy to note that the history of iron work activity in Yola shows the evolution and exposed the region in the face of wider world with its technological advancement. The paper adopted both primary and secondary sources of data collection because many researches undertook in the region were mostly focused on socio-political than economic history of the region especially on iron work industry which was neglected. Therefore, research on iron works should give light on the activities of blacksmithing in Yola area and its significant to the economic growth and development of the area.
Open Surgery for Spiegel's Hernia
Authors:   Universidad de Monterrey, Delgado Jesús Albertinio Jarquin
Published: February 2023

Spiegel's hernias are uncommon anomalies in the Spiegel's aponeurosis, which runs between the rectus muscle and the semilunar line. They are most commonly found in the "Spigel's hernia belt" between the navel and the interspinal line (a horizontal line connecting the anterosuperior iliac spines). We recommend open repair for individuals who arrive with an acute Spiegel's hernia, especially if there is a risk of high-grade blockage, strangulation, intra-abdominal infection, and/or the necessity for bowel resection. Furthermore, open repair may be required due to the surgeon's lack of expertise with and/or experience with laparoscopic methods, or when laparoscopy is contraindicated due to an inability to tolerate pneumoperitoneum or securely access the peritoneal cavity. Sutures or mesh can be used to repair an open Spiegel's hernia. Given the risk of recurrence, we only do suture repair in cases of contamination when mesh implantation is contraindicated and may enhance morbidity.
Quality education and gender equality as objectives of sustainable development in education: an experi-ence with teachers in Spain
Authors: López-Morales Juan , Urrea-Solano Mayra , García-Taibo Olalla , Baena-Morales Salvador
Published: February 2023

This paper aims to assess the opinions of Physical Education teachers (PET) about their teaching intervention at a coeducational level. A further objective was to analyse PETs self-perceptions of their mixed and training interventions to describe possible training gaps. The qualitative study involved 191 high school PET from Andalusia (Spain). Some questions were conducted about three dimensions: gender stereotypes and attitudes in PE; teaching performance in coeducation, and coeducational teachers’ professional development in PE. The study's main results indicated that most teachers had neither different expectations of boys and girls nor a different way of treating them and, more than half of the participants considered themselves to be competent in coeducation. They preferred to receive training other than coeducational training. However, almost three-quarters of the sample had not received any coeducation training, or it was self-taught. The main conclusion is that PET consider that they have proper coeducational behaviour. The results showed that current teachers had improved their teaching intervention regarding gender equality compared to previous studies. The present study has had a contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG )goals 4 and 5, quality education and gender equality, respectively and can be a reference for future research related to coeducation for teachers.
Keywords: gender; teacher intervention; physical education; sustainable development goals; professional development
Análisis bibliométrico sobre los estudios de medición de la actividad física por medio de dispositivos inteligentes en edad escolar (Bibliometric analysis of studies measuring physical activity through smart devices at school age)
Authors: Díaz-Quesada Gema , García-Martínez Daniel , Jimenez-Jimenez Juan Francisco , Torres-Luque Gema
Published: February 2023

Existe un incremento de la producción científica en el campo de la actividad física y el deporte que resulta interesante analizar. El objetivo del presente estudio, fue realizar un análisis bibliométrico sobre la medición de la actividad física por medio de dispositivos inteligentes, en edad escolar. Se seleccionaron todos los artículos de la Web Of Science (Core Collection) que tuviesen las palabras “Preschool or Kindergarten or children or adolescent” y “wereable or smartphone or devices or app” en el título y “physical activity” en el tema, durante el periodo temporal de 1996 a 2020. Siguiendo las directrices PRISMA, se seleccionaron 73 artículos, en los que se analizó: tendencia anual de los artículos publicados, distribución por país de publicaciones, revistas principales, número de autores, área temática, tipo de estudio, número de citas por artículo, muestra, contexto, tipo de dispositivo y marca, tiempo de exposición del dispositivo, estadística, estudio con programa de intervención, metodología empleada y uso de TIC. En los resultados destaca el incremento de publicaciones desde 2015, siendo el área de Salud, donde existe un mayor volumen de publicaciones, destacando el acelerómetro como el dispositivo inteligente más empleado para medir la actividad física. Este trabajo aporta un marco general de la producción científica en esta línea de investigación.
Palabras clave: Evaluación, producción científica, tecnología, niños, adolescentes
Abstract. There is an increase in scientific production in the field of physical activity and sport that is interesting to analyze. The aim of the present study was to perform a bibliometric analysis on the measurement of physical activity by means of smart devices at school age. All articles were selected from the Web of Science (Core Collection) that had the words "Preschool or Kindergarten or children or adolescent" and "wereable or smartphone or devices or app" in the title and, "physical activity" in the subject, during the period 1996-2020. Following the PRISMA guidelines, 73 articles were selected to analyze the annual trend of published articles, distribution by country of publication, main journals, number of authors, thematic area, type of study, number of citations per article, sample, context, type of device and brand, time of exposure of the device, statistics, study with intervention program, methodology used, use of ICT. The results highlight the increase in publications since 2015, being the area of Health, where there is a greater volume of publications, highlighting the accelerometer as the smart device most used to measure physical activity. This work provides a general framework of the scientific production in this line of research.
Keywords: Evaluation, scientific production, technology, children, adolescents