bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultivo de bastão-do-imperador sob diferentes espaçamentos em clima subtropical
Authors: Unemoto Lilian Keiko , Faria Ricardo Tadeu de , Assis Adriane Marinho de , Lone Alessandro Borini , Yamamoto Lilian Yukari
Published: September 2012

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o cultivo de bastão-do-imperador sob diferentes espaçamentos de plantio em clima subtropical. Os espaçamentos utilizados entre plantas na linha e entre linhas foram: 2,0x2,0m; 2,5x2,0m e 3,0x2,0m. Após 16 meses do plantio, iniciaram-se as avaliações do comprimento e diâmetro da haste da inflorescência, diâmetro basal da inflorescência (com brácteas abertas), diâmetro do botão da inflorescência, comprimento da inflorescência, número de hastes vegetativas por touceira, área de ocupação da touceira, altura da maior haste vegetativa e produção média de inflorescências por touceira. Os diferentes espaçamentos influenciaram no diâmetro da haste da inflorescência e na área de ocupação da touceira. Durante o período da pesquisa, houve aumento no comprimento da haste da inflorescência e nos diâmetros basal e botão da inflorescência. Nas condições de clima subtropical, é possível obter inflorescências de bastão-do-imperador com características comerciais adequadas. A maior produção foi observada utilizando-se o espaçamento de 3,0x2,0m.
Judiciary as the last resort to protect children and adolescents: intersectoral actions, investment in human resources, and structuring of services
Authors: Silva Lygia Maria Pereira da , Ferriani Maria das Graças Carvalho , Silva Marta Angélica Iossi
Published: September 2012

This study aimed to identify the work developed by the Judiciary to prevent sexual violence against children and adolescents within the family. The approach to social representations in a cultural perspective was used. The field study consisted in the 1st and 2nd Court of Crimes against Children and Adolescents, at the State Supreme Court of Pernambuco, Brazil. Participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and focus group with 17 subjects were the techniques for data collection, analyzed through the interpretation of meanings, allowing the identification of the category "The Judiciary as the ultimate level" and the following subcategories: "The public policies to prevent violence" and "The structure and dynamics of Courts". This study allows the visualization of the Judiciary's limitations with regard to the full protection and absolute priority, and that the work along with the victims demands investments in structure and human resources.
The therapeutic journey of families of children with respiratory diseases in the public health service
Authors: Oliveira Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves de , Collet Neusa , Mello Débora Falleiros de , Lima Regina Aparecida Garcia de
Published: September 2012

This study's purpose was to identify the therapeutic journey of families seeking health care for their children with respiratory diseases. This qualitative study had the participation of parents of children younger than five years old who were hospitalized with respiratory diseases. Path mapping was used as an instrument to collect data, which was analyzed through thematic analysis. The findings indicate that families sought the health services as soon as they perceived symptoms and had access to medical care, however such care was not decisive in resolving their health issues. Even though the families returned to the service at least another three times, the children had to be hospitalized. The attributes of primary health care were not observed in the public health services, while therapeutic encounters had no practical success.
The perspectives of Brazilian homemakers concerning living with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Silva Denise Maria Guerreiro Vieira da , Hegadoren Kathy , Lasiuk Gerri
Published: September 2012

The purpose of this study is to present an understanding of the experience of Brazilian homemakers with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). A descriptive exploratory design was used and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 Brazilian homemakers concerning their experience. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and the resulting text was analyzed using the sequential step method. Data converged to one dominant category, "constructing one's identity in the family context", which is comprised of three categories: gender differences; day-to-day concerns; and incongruity between knowledge and behavior related to DM2. These findings suggest that participants construct their identities within the family context and that their experience of living with DM2 is integral to their self-identification as wives and mothers. This, in turn, has implications for the design and implementation of programs to assist women in managing DM2 effectively.
Falls in hospital settings: a longitudinal study
Authors: Abreu Cidalina , Mendes Aida , Monteiro José , Santos Filipa Raquel
Published: September 2012

This study aims to assess the prevalence of falls, understand their consequences, identify causes and analyze intervention strategies to prevent them. This is a descriptive longitudinal study, from 2007 to 2009, in which nurses recorded patients' falls in a medicine ward, using a scale developed for this end. Most falls occurred with partially dependent patients, with a mean age ranging from 64 to 74 years. The bedroom was, in all of these years, the place where most of these falls occurred. Although most falls did not have consequences, they were observed in 36% of the cases. The number of falls increased throughout the years of the study. There was also a difference in the percentage of occurrences in the afternoon and night shifts (39% in 2007, 57% in 2008 and 64% in 2009). The identification of obstacles to referral and how to overcome them are analyzed here.
Natural healers: a review of animal assisted therapy and activities as complementary treatment for chronic conditions
Authors: Reed Reiley , Ferrer Lilian , Villegas Natalia
Published: September 2012

The primary objective of this review is to synthesize the existing literature on the use of animal-assisted therapy and activity (AAT/A) as complementary treatment among people living with chronic disease and to discuss the possible application of this practice among children living with HIV. Relevant databases were searched between March 10 and April 11, 2011, using the words: animal assisted therapy or treatment and chronic conditions or diseases. Thirty-one articles were found and 18 followed the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Research suggests that AAT/A is effective for different patient profiles, particularly children. Interaction with dogs has been found to increase positive behaviors, such as sensitivity and focus, in children with social disabilities. Decreased levels of pain have also been reported among child patients as a result of AAT/A. More research should be done in the area of children living with chronic diseases that require strict adherence to treatment, such as HIV, and on AAT/A's prospective use as an educational tool to teach children about the importance of self-care for their medical conditions.
Clinical pathway intervention compliance and effectiveness when used in the treatment of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock at an Intensive Care Unit in Spain
Authors: Laguna-Pérez Ana , Chilet-Rosell Elisa , Delgado Lacosta Miguel , Alvarez-Dardet Carlos , Uris Selles Joaquín , Muñoz-Mendoza Carmen Luz
Published: September 2012

The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to assess levels of compliance with the intervention bundles contained in a clinical pathway used in the treatment of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock, and to analyze the pathway's impact on survival and duration of hospital stays. We used data on 125 patients in an Intensive Care Unit, divided into a control group (N=84) and an intervention group (N=41). Levels of compliance increased from 13.1% to 29.3% in 5 resuscitation bundle interventions and from 14.3% to 22% in 3 monitoring bundle interventions. In-hospital mortality at 28 days decreased by 11.2% and the duration of hospital stay was reduced by 5 days. Although compliance was low, the intervention enhanced adherence to the instructions given in the clinical pathway and we observed a decline in mortality at 28 days and shorter hospital stays.
Nursing care time and quality indicators for adult intensive care: correlation analysis
Authors: Garcia Paulo Carlos , Fugulin Fernanda Maria Togeiro
Published: September 2012

The objective of this quantitative, correlational and descriptive study was to analyze the time the nursing staff spends to assist patients in Adult Intensive Care Units, as well as to verify its correlation with quality care indicators. The average length of time spent on care and the quality care indicators were identified by consulting management instruments the nursing head of the Unit employs. The average hours of nursing care delivered to patients remained stable, but lower than official Brazilian agencies' indications. The correlation between time of nursing care and the incidence of accidental extubation indicator indicated that it decreases with increasing nursing care delivered by nurses. The results of this investigation showed the influence of nursing care time, provided by nurses, in the outcome of care delivery.
The relationship between social support and functional capacity in elderly persons with cognitive alterations
Authors: Brito Tábatta Renata Pereira de , Pavarini Sofia Cristina Iost
Published: September 2012

The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between social support and the functional capacity of elderly persons with cognitive alterations. It is a descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study. The subjects were 101 elderly persons registered in Family Health Centers whose performance in the Mini-Exam for Mental Status was below a certain specified level in a previous study. The Medical Outcomes Study questionnaire, Katz Index and Pfeffer Questionnaire were applied. The dimensions of material, affective, emotional, informational and positive social interaction support resulted in an average final score of 74.32 points, indicating a better level of material and affective support in relation to the other dimensions of support. There was a statistically significant correlation between emotional support and the Katz Index. Knowledge about this relationship favors the development of a nursing care pathway for the elderly which is capable of maintaining their functional capacity and ensuring satisfactory social relations.
Variables involved in the perception of psychological harassment in the nursing work environment
Authors: Fontes Kátia Biagio , Carvalho Maria Dalva de Barros
Published: September 2012

This is a descriptive-exploratory study with a quantitative approach, with the objective of identifying how nurses perceive psychological harassment at work, the behaviors experienced and the variables involved. In collecting data, two questionnaires were used: one socio-professional and another for identifying the behaviors involving psychological harassment experienced by the subjects in the previous twelve months, along with the duration and frequency of the behaviors. At the end of the questionnaire, a dichotomous question was added, which addressed nurses' perceptions in relation to feeling victimized by psychological harassment at work. Both the questionnaires were applied in electronic and print format between May and September 2010. The data was analyzed through descriptive statistics. The results showed that some of the subjects felt that they were victims of psychological harassment. Only the variables related to characterization of the psychological harassment presented significant association. The following were highlighted among the most-referred-to behaviors: "They question your decisions" and "You receive verbal attacks criticizing work you have done". It's important to open spaces for discussing violence at work, so that managers may establish strategic measures for preventing and containing this type of violence, so as to ensure health, dignity and well-being at work. It is also important to discuss this issue in the academic space, so as to give the theme greater visibility, such that future nurses will be able to identify and appropriately confront this type of violence.
Representations and uses of medicinal plants in elderly men
Authors: Lima Silvia Cristina da Silva , Arruda Guilherme Oliveira de , Renovato Rogério Dias , Alvarenga Márcia Regina Martins
Published: September 2012

The aim of this study was to know and understand the representations and use of medicinal plants by elderly men assisted in the Family Health Strategies of Dourados, MS. Participated in this study, 18 elderly men aged over 60 years, using four or more medications. The research was conducted with qualitative approach. The results showed that there is still the consumption of medicinal plants among the elderly, especially in the treatment of minor harm. The representations about the plants seem anchored in the concept of safety; they are natural and few side effects. Its use is made concurrently with the manufactured medicines without regard to risk of interactions. Older men use medicinal plants, without however reporting to health professionals. Therefore, it is necessary continuing education focused on phytotherapy health team and nursing, contributing to safe and effective use of medicinal plants.
O perfil de casais que vivenciam divórcios consensuais e litigiosos: uma análise das demandas judiciais
Authors: Zordan Eliana Piccoli , Wagner Adriana , Mosmann Clarisse
Published: September 2012

Este estudo objetivou identificar os motivos, circunstâncias e desdobramentos das separações conjugais com base em registros em processos judiciais. Realizou-se uma análise documental de 152 separações conjugais arquivadas de 1992 a 2006, no Fórum de uma cidade do interior do RS. Fez-se uma análise descritiva e discriminante dos dados. Os motivos mais citados referem-se ao conflito conjugal em seus diferentes matizes e intensidades. Quanto ao desfecho, constatou-se que 46,7% dos processos foram consensuais, 30,9% litigiosos e em 22,4% houve abandono da ação ou reconciliação. O perfil dos casais discrimina-se prioritariamente pelo nível socioeconômico no que diz respeito aos processos consensuais ou litigiosos. Separações consensuais são mais comuns em níveis socioeconómicos baixos e litigiosas em altos. Os dados indicam que o divórcio pode ser considerado uma crise vital contemporânea e demanda dos profissionais maior complexidade nas suas intervenções tanto de ordem jurídica como psicológica no fenómeno.
Adaptação e validação da Escala Filadélfia de Mindfulness para adultos brasileiros
Authors: Silveira Amanda da Costa da , Castro Thiago Gomes de , Gomes William Barbosa
Published: September 2012

A literatura psicológica tem referido especial interesse ao processo psicológico de monitoramento contínuo da experiência individual, ou mindfulness. Neste estudo, buscou-se adaptar e apresentar evidências de validade convergente e divergente para uma escala de autorrelato que visa a mensurar mindfulness, a Escala Filadélfia de Mindfulness (EFM). Participaram da pesquisa 703 adultos brasileiros, que responderam EFM e outras três medidas relacionadas a conceitos como autoconsciência e insight. A análise fatorial indicou a presença de duas dimensões da EFM, relativas a dois componentes de mindfulness: Aceitação e Awareness. Essas dimensões apresentaram índices de consistência interna de 0,859 e 0,816, respectivamente. Os resultados também indicaram convergência entre o fator Awareness e os dados de autoconsciência enquanto autofoco, e divergência entre Aceitação e facetas mal-adaptativas da autoconsciência (ansiedade social e ruminação). Em consonância com a literatura que refere haver uma faceta de mindfulness voltada à meditação, Aceitação apresentou também correlação positiva com Insight.
Avaliação da sonolência em estudantes universitários de turnos distintos
Authors: Araújo Danilo de Freitas , Almondes Katie Moraes de
Published: September 2012

Estudantes de graduação possuem altas chances de apresentar Sonolência Diurna Excessiva, devido aos horários escolares e às demandas acadêmicas. Por isso, pretendeu-se analisar níveis de sonolência de estudantes de turnos distintos. O universo foi constituído por 109 graduandos do turno matutino e 125 do noturno. Utilizou-se a Escala de Sonolência de Epworth. A amostra apresentou média total de 9,38 (DP=4,03), sendo 9,03 (DP=4,01) para o turno matutino e 9,7 (DP=3,93) para o noturno. Foram detectadas diferenças significativas nos níveis de sonolência entre turnos (η² =0,10;p < 0,00), e entre os indivíduos do gênero masculino e feminino nos dois turnos (η²=0,45; p<0,00). Assim, deve ser considerado o papel das demandas acadêmicas em cada turno, já que elas afetam diretamente a qualidade do sono.
Adaptação e validação da Escala de Senso de Humor Situacional
Authors: Soares Adriana Benevides , Mourão Luciana
Published: September 2012

O estudo visou desenvolver uma versão em português brasileiro do Situational Humor Response Questionaire (SHRQ), com adaptação transcultural e avaliação das medidas psicométricas em amostra brasileira. O instrumento em português de Portugal foi vertido para o português brasileiro passando pelas etapas de adaptação semântica, comparação das versões, validade de face e de conteúdo. O instrumento foi aplicado a 621 sujeitos. Foi feita extração de fatores com rotação oblíqua, análise das cargas fatoriais e consistência interna. Foram apontados três fatores: humor com amigos e colegas (α=0,70); influências sobre o humor (α=0,70); e humor em situações adversas (α =0,55). A consistência interna sugere que para o contexto brasileiro podem ser aperfeiçoados os itens de forma a aumentar o grau de precisão do fator. Contudo, o instrumento apresenta consistência interna aceitável.
Autoeficácia e personalidade no planejamento de carreira de universitários
Authors: Ourique Luciana Rubensan , Teixeira Marco Antônio Pereira
Published: September 2012

O presente estudo teve como objetivo principal avaliar as relações da personalidade e da Autoeficácia Profissional com o comportamento de planejamento de carreira de universitários. Participaram do estudo 213 alunos de graduação, de ambos os sexos, com idade média de 24,8 anos (dp=4,14). Os instrumentos utilizados foram um Questionário Sociodemográfico, as Escalas de Desenvolvimento de Carreira de Universitários e a Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade. Para a análise dos dados, foram realizadas correlações de Pearson e análises de regressão. Os resultados indicaram que a Autoeficácia Profissional e os fatores de personalidade desempenharam papéis específicos na predição do Planejamento de Carreira. A Autoeficácia Profissional esteve positivamente correlacionada com o Planejamento de Carreira. Ainda, o Neuroticismo (correlação negativa), a Extroversão e a Realização mostraram-se significativamente correlacionados com essa variável. Discute-se sobre a importância de se considerarem as diferenças individuais e de se promoverem a autoeficácia no contexto de aconselhamento de carreira.
Interesses profissionais e afetos positivos e negativos: estudo exploratório com estudantes de ensino médio
Authors: Noronha Ana Paula Porto , Mansão Camélia Santina Murgo
Published: September 2012

A Orientação Profissional enquanto área de intervenção e pesquisa tem buscado a compreensão de variáveis que interferem na tomada de decisão e no desenvolvimento de carreira. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório entre interesses profissionais e afetos positivos e negativos. Participaram 529 estudantes do ensino médio de escolas públicas e particulares com idades entre 14 a 27 anos (M=16; DP=1,48). No que se refere ao sexo, 223 (42,2%) eram homens e 306 (57,8%), mulheres. Os instrumentos aplicados foram a EAZ - Escala de Afetos de Zanon e a EAP - Escala de Aconselhamento Profissional. Os participantes apresentaram maiores médias para afetos positivos, o que indica julgamento mais positivo da vida, de modo geral. A comparação entre os instrumentos revelou alguns coeficientes positivos e significativos, mas de baixa magnitude. Sugere-se que novos estudos sejam realizados com os construtos da Psicologia Positiva na orientação profissional e desenvolvimento de carreira.
Investigação da temporalidade das características definidoras do diagnóstico de resposta disfuncional ao desmame ventilatório
Authors: Cerqueira Fernanda Avellar , Brandão Marcos Antônio Gomes , Mattos Valéria Zadra de , Castellões Théia Maria Forny Wanderley
Published: September 2012

Estudo que investigou a distribuição temporal das características definidoras da Resposta Disfuncional ao Desmame Ventilatório. Teve como objetivos: descrever a conformação da distribuição cronológica das características definidoras desse diagnóstico em pacientes sob ventilação prolongada na fase de interrupção da ventilação mecânica e verificar a existência de um padrão temporal predominante. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo descritivo-exploratório com abordagem quantitativa. Foram sujeitos os clientes adultos internados por causas clínicas no Centro de Terapia Intensiva do Hospital Pró-Cardíaco, sob ventilação mecânica prolongada e que estavam em desmame. Com os resultados se obteve a confirmação da hipótese de existência de uma distribuição temporal predominante na amostra observada. Foi possível distinguir os principais intervalos de observação/manifestação das Características Definidoras, a saber: precoce, intermediário e tardio. Em relação ao gerenciamento do processo de desmame foi possível indicar algumas contribuições ao aprimoramento das avaliações protocolares.
Perfil de pacientes em uso de via alternativa de alimentação internados em um hospital geral
Authors: Nogueira Serjana Cavalcante Jucá , Carvalho Ana Paula Cajaseiras de , Melo Cleysiane Barros de , Morais Edna Pereira Gomes de , Chiari Brasília Maria , Gonçalves Maria Inês Rebelo
Published: September 2012

OBJETIVO: caracterizar a população em uso de via alternativa de alimentação internada em um hospital geral de referência. MÉTODO: estudo transversal prospectivo, tendo-se realizado coleta de dados em 229 prontuários de pacientes em uso de via alternativa de alimentação internados em enfermarias adultas de um hospital geral, identificando-se dados referentes à via alternativa de alimentação em uso, justificativas clínicas, doença(s) de base e demais aspectos clínicos relacionados aos distúrbios de deglutição. RESULTADOS: houve predomínio do sexo masculino (55,02%); 70,3% dos pacientes apresentaram diagnóstico de alguma doença neurológica e a via de alimentação mais utilizada foi a sonda nasoenteral (82,53%). Embora a pneumonia e a desnutrição tenham sido diagnosticadas na minoria dos casos (35,08% e 10,04%), houve associação entre as variáveis pneumonia e disfagia (p=0,0098), não ocorrendo o mesmo entre desnutrição e disfagia (p=0,0759). A disfagia foi citada em apenas em 6,55% dos casos. Observou-se, ainda, alta frequência de ausência de dados referente aos sinais e sintomas de dificuldade de alimentação e de justificativas para indicação da via alternativa de alimentação prescrita. CONCLUSÃO: embora a população estudada tenha apresentado fatores de risco para desenvolvimento de distúrbios da deglutição, como doenças de base com alta ocorrência de disfagia e alteração do nível de consciência e/ou sonolência, a baixa frequência do diagnóstico da disfagia e a constante falta de dados relacionados ao contexto alimentar revelaram a pouca importância dada às manifestações funcionais pela unidade hospitalar estudada.
A crítica brasileira de poesia contemporânea: velhos debates, outras máscaras
Authors: Scramim Susana
Published: September 2012

Propõe-se com este artigo refletir tanto sobre a produção poética quanto a sua crítica, tanto sobre a história da poesia quanto da história da crítica. Elas não são discutidas como instâncias separadas, mas, ao contrário, serão tomadas como práticas de uma mesma teoria/pensamento sobre a arte. A crítica de poesia contemporânea no Brasil tem que enfrentar alguns desafios propostos pelo modo de se produzir poesia no presente. No lugar de impor as mesmas exigências e cobranças das práticas críticas idealistas e utópicas à poesia e de responder com paráfrases de velhos debates aos desafios do presente, a crítica tem diante de si a poesia a tarefa de também tentar elaborar sentidos para a cultura do contemporâneo, o que implica sempre uma relação de interpretação com o passado e com a tradição. Longe de ser diagnosticado como um processo de "retradicionalização", "formalização" e "esteticização" dos problemas da cultura, a produção de poesia produz uma análise do tempo presente tão ou mais eficaz do que vem atribuindo-lhe certos setores da crítica.
Influencia del fillers calcáreo en la solidificación/estabilización de metales pesados
Authors: Trezza Mónica A.
Published: September 2012

El cemento portland juega un rol cada vez más importante en el manejo de residuos industriales peligrosos. La técnica de solidificación/estabilización (S/S) basada en el cemento ha demostrado ser efectiva para el aislamiento de residuos peligrosos, especialmente metales pesados. En este trabajo se discutirá el efecto que la adición de filler calcáreo al cemento produce en la S/S de metales como cromo, cadmio y plomo. Se realizaron estudios de difracción de rayos X, espectroscopia infrarroja, calorimetría y lixiviación a fin de evaluar el nivel de inmovilización en morteros conteniendo estos elementos. Se encontró un alto grado de inmovilización de los iones Cd, Cr y Pb aunque su presencia modifica la velocidad y los compuestos obtenidos durante la hidratación del cemento. Los resultados muestran que el cemento con fillers calcáreo es más eficiente que el cemento normal para la satisfactoria inmovilización de metales pesados.
Foraging of Great Kiskadees (Pitangus sulphuratus) and food items offered to nestlings in the Pantanal
Authors: Munin RL , Fischer E. , Longo JM.
Published: September 2012

Feeding of Pitangus sulphuratus (Tyrannidae) nestlings have been poorly studied. Here we describe the foraging behavior of a P. sulphuratus pair and the searching and offering time of food items to nestlings in the Pantanal, Brazil. Data collection was carried out over 25 days on the outskirts of the Base de Estudos do Pantanal building, inhabited by insectivorous bats. Records were based on direct observations with the help of binocular. The pair required little time for searching for small insects and fruits, but these items comprised a little amount of food per event of capture. Some large prey was more time-costly for searching, but the long period that these food items were offered to nestlings overcompensated the searching time. Considering the time of feeding nestlings (benefit) in relation to the searching time by the parents (cost), bats and snails are the most advantageous items for P. sulphuratus parents feeding nestlings at the study site.
Fluctuations of the population of Daphnia laevis Birge 1878: a six-year study in a tropical lake
Authors: Brandão LPM. , Fajardo T. , Eskinazi-Sant'Anna E. , Brito S. , Maia-Barbosa P.
Published: September 2012

The fluctuation of the population of Daphnia laevis in Lake Jacaré (Middle River Doce, Minas Gerais) was monitored monthly (at one point in the limnetic region) for six years (2002-2007) as part of the Program of Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER/UFMG). The following parameters were also monitored: water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll a, total phosphorus, phosphate, total nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, and densities of Chaoborus and ephippia of Daphnia laevis in the sediment. A seasonal pattern was observed in the fluctuation of D. laevis, with higher densities recorded during periods of circulation (May-August). A significant correlation was found between the density of D. laevis and temperature (r = -0.47, p = 0.0001), chlorophyll-a (r = -0.32, p = 0.016) and indicators of the lake's trophic status (total phosphorus, r = 0.32, p = 0.007 and trophic state, r = 0.36, p = 0.003), as well as Chaoborus density (r = 0.43 and p = 0.002). These results indicate that changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of the water related with stratification and circulation of the lake may have a direct (temperature, total phosphorous) or an indirect (food availability, presence of predators, ephippia eclosion) influence on the fluctuation of the D. laevis population.
Sensitivity of populations of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in relation to human development in northern Paraná, southern Brazil
Authors: Reis NR. , Gallo PH , Peracchi AL. , Lima IP. , Fregonezi MN.
Published: September 2012

Most natural forests have been converted for human use, restricting biological life to small forest fragments. Many animals, including some species of bats are disappearing and the list of these species grows every day. It seems that the destruction of the habitat is one of its major causes. This study aimed to analyze how this community of bats was made up in environments with different sizes and quality of habitat. Data from studies conducted in the region of Londrina, Parana, Brazil, from 1982 to 2000 were used. Originally, this area was covered by a semi deciduous forest, especially Aspidosperma polyneuron (Apocynaceae), Ficus insipida (Moraceae), Euterpe edulis (Arecaceae), Croton floribundus (Euforbiaceae), and currently, only small remnants of the original vegetation still exist. The results showed a decline in the number of species caught in smaller areas compared to the largest remnant. In about 18 years of sampling, 42 species of bats were found in the region, representing 67% of the species that occur in Paraná and 24.4% in Brazil. There were two species of Noctilionidae; 21 of Phyllostoma; 11 Vespertilionidae and eight Molossidae. Eight of these were captured only in the largest fragment, Mata dos Godoy State Park (680 ha). Ten species had a low capture rate in the smaller areas with less than three individuals. Of the total sampled, 14 species were found in human buildings, and were able to tolerate modified environments, foraging and even using them as shelter. As the size of the forest area increases, there is a greater variety of ecological opportunities and their physical conditions become more stable, i.e., conditions favorable for growth and survival of a greater number of species. Forest fragmentation limits and creates subpopulations, preserving only long-lived K-strategist animals for some time, where the supporting capacity of the environment is a limiting factor. The reduction of habitats, species and genetic diversity resulting from human activities are endangering the future adaptability in natural ecosystems, which promotes the disappearance of low adaptive potential species.
Structure of aquatic vegetation of a large lake, western border of the Brazilian Pantanal
Authors: Cunha NL. , Delatorre M. , Rodrigues RB. , Vidotto C. , Gonçalves F. , Scremin-Dias E. , Damasceno-Júnior G , Pott VJ , Pott A.
Published: September 2012

Studies on Neotropical aquatic macrophytes have increased in recent decades, however species richness in wetlands of South America is far from being fully known. In addition, studies having an ecological approach are scarce in the Pantanal. Rapid assessments are essential for gaining knowledge of the biodiversity in the region. This study was performed in five sites of the Baía do Castelo, the western border of the Brazilian Pantanal, which included wild-rice patches, floating mats and floating meadows. At each site, plots of 0.5 × 0.5 m were set (n = 137), species of aquatic macrophytes were identified, their coverage was measured and the plot depth was estimated. We recorded 57 species in 26 families, of which Poaceae was the richest. The most frequent and abundant species was Commelina schomburgkiana; the second most frequent was Oryza latifolia,followed by Leersia hexandra, Enydra radicans and Pityrogramma calomelanos. The latter species was second in cover, followed by Pontederia rotundifolia, Eichhornia azurea, E. crassipes and Enydra radicans. These five species and C. schomburgkiana (the most abundant) together represent more than half of the coverage on the lake. Pontederia rotundifolia, Ludwigia helminthorrhiza, Pistia stratiotes, E. azurea, E. crassipes, Enydra radicans and Panicum elephantipes were strongly associated with deeper areas, while Oryza latifolia, Leersia hexandra and Salvinia auriculata were prevalent in shallow areas. Pityrogramma calomelanos, Ludwigia nervosa, Ipomoea alba, Cayaponia podantha, Polygonum acuminatum, Rhynchanthera novemnervia and Ludwigia leptocarpa were highly correlated with floating meadows. The structure of the habitat, natural dynamics and zonation of aquatic vegetation in the Baía do Castelo seems to be influenced by a variation in water levels, which promotes spatial segregation, most likely due to competition and/habitat preference.
Seasonal dynamics of cyanobacteria in a eutrophic reservoir (Arcoverde) in a semi-arid region of Brazil
Authors: Bittencourt-Oliveira MC. , Dias SN. , Moura AN. , Cordeiro-Araújo MK. , Dantas EW.
Published: September 2012

Environmental conditions favor the predominance of dense populations of cyanobacteria in reservoirs in northeastern Brazil. The aim of this study was to understand cyanobacterial population dynamics in the rainy and dry seasons at two depths in the Arcoverde reservoir. Microalgae and cyanobacteria samples were collected during 24 hours with intervals of 4 hours (nycthemeral) at sub-surface and 10 m using a van Dorn bottle and a determined biomass. Physical and chemical variables were obtained and the data were analyzed using the principal component analysis (PCA). No nycthemeral variations in the taxonomic composition or distribution of the populations of cyanobacteria were found between the different times of day in either the rainy or dry season. In both seasons, the greatest biomass of the phytoplankton community was made up of cyanobacteria at two depths and all times of the day. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszynska) Seenayya et Subba Raju was dominant at all times of the day on both the surface and at the bottom. In the rainy season, the differences in cyanobacterial biomass between the surface and bottom were less significant than in the dry season. The differences in cyanobacterial biomass between surface and bottom were less pronounced than those found in the dry season. We concluded that a) physical variables better explain the alterations of species in the phytoplankton community in an environment dominated by cyanobacteria throughout the year; b) seasonal climatic factors associated to periods of stratification and de-stratification are important for alterations in the community and variations in biomass and, c) the turbidity caused by rainfall favored the emergence and establishment of other cyanobacteria, especially Planktothrix agardhii (Gomont) Anagnostidis & Komárek.
Herpetofauna of Núcleo Experimental de Iguaba Grande, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil
Authors: Martins AR , Bruno SF. , Navegantes AQ.
Published: September 2012

The Atlantic Rain forest, which is considered the second largest pluvial forest in the American continent, has had an estimated 93% of its original area destroyed. Although studies concerning the herpetofaunal diversity in this biome have been intensified in the past years, its diversity is still underestimated. The Nucleo Experimental de Iguaba Grande (NEIG) is included in an Environmental Protection Area (APA de Sapeatiba) in the Iguaba Grande municipality, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil (22º 51' S and 42º 10' W). The goal of this study was to conduct an inventory of the reptile and amphibian species that occur in this area between July 2008 and December 2009. We recorded 19 species of amphibians (18 anurans and one caecilian) and 15 species of reptiles (three lizards, 11 snakes and one amphisbaenian). Leptodactylus latrans and L. mystacinus had the highest capture rates among amphibians captured, and among reptiles, Ameiva ameiva, Hemidactylus mabouia and Mabuya agilis had the highest capture rates. Rarefaction curves for both amphibians and reptiles did not reach the asymptote, indicating that the species richness in the NEIG is still underestimated.
Reproductive cycle of Tagelus plebeius (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in the estuary of the Cachoeira River, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Ceuta LO. , Boehs G.
Published: September 2012

This study characterized the reproductive cycle of the stout razor clam Tagelus plebeius in the estuary of the Cachoeira River, Ilhéus, Bahia, northeastern Brazil. Samples of 20 animals per collection were taken biweekly from August 2005 to August 2006. The 480 specimens were measured on the antero-posterior axis (length) and then removed from the shell. After macroscopic analysis, the gonads were fixed in Davidson's solution, processed by routine histology and stained by Harris hematoxylin and eosin. The gonads of both males and females appeared milky white, without sexual dimorphism. Microscopic analyses indicated a M: F ratio of 1.06: 1 and continuous reproduction of T. plebeius in the region. The period from August to October showed the most intense spawning. This study provides another example of continuous reproduction of bivalves in tropical waters, and because this species is a heavily exploited fishery resource in the region, it draws attention to the need for a management plan aimed at reducing harvests.
Phthiraptera and Gamasida Parasites of Columbina picui (Temminck) (Columbiformes: Columbidae) in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil
Authors: Coimbra MAA. , Mascarenhas CS. , Müller G. , Brum JGW.
Published: September 2012

Thirty-two specimens of Columbina picui (picui ground-dove) were examined, and a collection of arthropods was made by washing the external surface of the body and the nasal cavity. The species in the order Phthiraptera found and their respective prevalences, mean abundance and mean intensity were: Columbicola passerinae (84.4%; 10.3; 12.2), Hohorstiella passerinae (21.9%; 0.7; 3.1) and Physconelloides eurysema (3.1%; 0.1; 2). The gamasid mites found in the birds and their respective prevalences, mean abundance and mean intensity were: Pellonyssus marui (31.3%; 1.2; 3.9), Ornithonyssus bursa (15.6%; 0.2. ;1.2) and Mesonyssus sp. (6.3%; 0.1; 1). Columbicola passerinae, H. passerinae, P. eurysema, O. bursa, P. marui and Mesonyssus sp. were recorded for the first time infecting C. picui in Brazil. Except for O. bursa, the other species are reported for the first time in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Dano muscular: resposta inflamatória sistêmica após ações excêntricas máximas
Authors: Berton Ricardo Paes de Barros , Libardi Cleiton Augusto , Conceição Miguel Soares , Bonganha Valéria , Nogueira Felipe Romano Damas , Chacon-Mikahil Mara Patrícia Traina , Cavaglieri Cláudia Regina , Madruga Vera Aparecida
Published: September 2012

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a resposta inflamatória induzida por grande número de ações excêntricas (AE) máximas realizadas pelos flexores do cotovelo. Participaram do estudo nove homens jovens, que realizaram 35 séries de seis AE nos flexores de cotovelo, com intervalo de um minuto, utilizando um dinamômetro isocinético em uma velocidade de 210º.s-1. As variáveis mensuradas foram: a contração isométrica voluntaria máxima (CIVM), a amplitude de movimento (AM), a dor muscular de inicio tardio (DMIT), a interleucina-6 (IL-6) e o fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNF-α). Alterações significantes foram observadas para os marcadores indiretos de dano muscular (CIVM, AM e DMIT), entretanto não houve modificações para os marcadores inflamatórios (IL-6 e TNF-α). Em conclusão, os resultados demonstraram que mesmo com alterações nos marcadores indiretos de dano muscular após a realização de um grande número de AE não foram observadas alterações na resposta inflamatória sistêmica.
Influência do uso de fluoxetina sobre o tempo de corrida em esteira ergométrica em ratos não treinados
Authors: Cuquetto Douglas Colombi , Mill José Geraldo , Amaral Fabian Tadeu do
Published: September 2012

Trabalhos de diferentes autores constataram que, um aumento na concentração de serotonina (5-HT) no cérebro, durante exercício físico intenso e prolongado, está diretamente relacionado a um prejuízo na função do Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC), com correspondente desenvolvimento da fadiga e consequente diminuição do desempenho. No presente trabalho, 10 ratos Wistar foram submetidos a sessões de corrida até o esgotamento físico em esteira rolante. Os protocolos experimentais foram divididos em quatro fases: Fase 1 - avaliação do tempo médio de corrida dos animais até o esgotamento físico; Fase 2 - avaliação do tempo médio de corrida dos animais até o esgotamento físico, sob tratamento com fluoxetina; Fase 3 - "washout" de sete dias; Fase 4 - "washout" de 14 dias. Este estudo sugere que a administração crônica de fluoxetina aumenta substancialmente o tempo médio de corrida até o esgotamento físico em ratos submetidos a exercício em esteira rolante.
Análise de equações preditivas da gordura corporal em jovens atletas de "taekwondo"
Authors: Moreira Pedro Vieira Sarmet , Silva Analiza Mónica , Crozara Luciano Fernandes , Veloso António Prieto , Vieira Filomena
Published: September 2012

Devido à falta de métodos acessíveis válidos para mensurar o percentual de gordura corporal (%G) de taekwondistas adolescentes (TKDA), objetivou-se analisar seis equações antropométricas de predição do %G, em cinco TKDA (12,23 anos ± 1,60), utilizando como método de referência a Densitometria Radiológica de Dupla Energia (DEXA). Os %G estimados pelas equações foram comparados pelo teste t-student, regressão linear e Bland e Altman (B&A) com os obtidos por DEXA. Apenas a equação de Slaughter et al. (1988) foi adequada pelo cálculo amostral, e embora tenha subestimado o %G (em 4,85% ± 0,98), esta apresentou alta correlação (R = 0,935; R² = 0,874 EPE = 1,01) e baixa amplitude nos limites de concordância a 95% (3,84%) pelo B&A em comparação com a DEXA. Portanto, esta equação mostrou-se adequada para a predição do %G em TKDA, desde que seja corrigida pela equação de ajuste [%G (DEXA) = 1,64 + 1,24 • %G (Eq 4)] gerada pela regressão linear.
Fatores de risco associados ao comportamento alimentar inadequado em futebolistas
Authors: Fortes Leonardo de Sousa , Matta Marcelo de Oliveira , Paes Santiago Tavares , Ferreira Maria Elisa Caputo
Published: September 2012

O comportamento alimentar inadequado (CAI) parece estar associado a diversos fatores. No entanto, a população de atletas, principalmente do sexo masculino, é carente de investigações deste tipo. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar fatores de risco para o CAI em jovens futebolistas. Foram avaliados 271 futebolistas de Juiz de Fora/MG. Avaliou-se o CAI mediante aplicação do Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). A insatisfação corporal foi verificada por intermédio do Body Shape Questionnaire. Aferiu-se massa corporal e estatura para calcular-se o índice de massa corporal, além de dobras cutâneas com o propósito de estimar a adiposidade corporal. Conduziu-se regressão logística binária para avaliar riscos sobre o CAI, incutindo nível de significância de 5%. Observou-se que somente a insatisfação corporal manteve-se associada ao CAI, tanto no modelo simples, quanto no ajustado para todas as variáveis (p < 0,05). Concluiu-se que a insatisfação corporal apresentou riscos para a manifestação do CAI.
O tipo de trajetória não afeta o controle visual da freada em ciclistas
Authors: Rodrigues Sérgio Tosi , Schiavon Renato , Macegoza Juliane
Published: September 2012

O controle visual da freada foi estudado em ciclistas recreacionais através da manipulação da velocidade no início da freada (baixa, média e alta) e da trajetória de aproximação (retilínea e curvilínea) da bicicleta em relação a um obstáculo estacionário. A hipótese foi que o tipo de trajetória da bicicleta, de modo exclusivo ou em interação com a velocidade inicial, afetaria a informação visual de tempo para colisão ("tau" margem) e sua primeira derivada no tempo ("tau-dot"), respectivamente, no início e durante a freada. Os resultados revelaram que a velocidade afetou significativamente "tau" margem, enquanto "tau-dot" manteve-se inalterado independentemente da condição. O tipo de trajetória claramente não afetou o controle visual da freada em ciclistas.
Joseph Wanjie, Kikuyu Catholic catechist
Authors: Araújo Melvina Afra Mendes de
Published: September 2012

This article discusses the problem of cultural mediation, focusing on the relations between a Kikuyu catechist and Consolata missionaries. It analyzes a biography of this catechist, which was written by a missionary. The information contained in the biography is compared with data from other sources that allow us to reconstruct the trajectory of an important agent in the relations between Catholic missionaries and natives in Kenya.
Variations Around Water: bodies, encounters and translation processes
Authors: Pereira Pedro Paulo Gomes
Published: September 2012

This essay presents and analyses narratives of professionals who work with indigenous health in Brazil. These narratives discourse on intense and dramatic dilemmas concerning water and bodies. The questions that guided the research were: What happens to health professionals who are directly faced with different concepts of body, health and disease? What happens when health practices occur in the process of translating the very conceptualization of what health is? Are these professionals so subsumed in the world of biomedicine that nothing would modify them from the onset to the end of encounters in which the practices occur in unstable processes of translation? Are agreements established other than those of domination? Are there significant differences between the professionals closer to indigenous contexts and those who do not have this experience?
Comparing Brazilian and North American songs about money
Authors: Oliven Ruben George
Published: September 2012

This article compares Brazilian and North American popular music. If focuses on the lyrics of songs composed mainly in the first half of the twentieth century when an intense process of national building was taking place in Brazil and the United States. Several of those compositions became classics. Those songs were and still are very popular because they echoed and continue to echo the social imaginary of both countries. It is for this reason that popular music is so crucial for the understanding of both societies.
Revisiting notions of sex trafficking and victims
Authors: Piscitelli Adriana
Published: September 2012

This article examines the migratory processes and work experiences of Brazilian female sex workers active in Spain. It is based on ethnographic research conducted over eleven months, at different moments between November 2004 and January 2012, in Barcelona, Madrid, Bilbao and Granada. The principal argument is that the notions of prostitution and international human trafficking held by Brazilian sex workers clash with those found in the current public debate of these issues. Brazilian migrant sex workers' acts and beliefs defy political and cultural protocols on the national and international level, and fly in the face of the 'destiny' that Brazilian society laid out for these individuals.
The management of difference: reflections on policies concerning immigration and the control of foreigners in Portugal and Brazil
Authors: Machado Igor José de Renó
Published: September 2012

This article conducts an anthropological reflection on Portuguese legislation concerning immigration control and the concession of nationality, and compares it with Brazilian laws governing the entrance, stay and departure of foreigners, and also the naturalization process in that country. The objective is to use a particular European example of "difference management" and compare it to the current Brazilian legislative context (including proposed law 5655, which is being deliberated by the Brazilian national congress), in an attempt to identify significant similarities or distinctions. Although their contexts are quite different, I believe that the detailed comparison of these bodies of law contributes to understanding contemporary processes for managing international migration and the production of illegality and invisibility of immigrants.