bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantifying Employee Emotions in Longitudinal Work Environment Questionnaires
Authors: Craven Lucas H. , Kajonius Petri J.
Published: October 2024

An individual differences' perspective posits that relatively stable emotions dictate an employee’s perception of the work environment. The present study, based on the Danish Psychosocial Questionnaire, set out to quantify to what extent individuals’ negative and positive affect account for the longitudinal relationships between baseline (Wave T1; N = 3,970) work environment (i.e., job demands or job relationships) and employee well-being (i.e., job satisfaction or perceived job stress) six months later (Wave T2; N = 2,375). Partial correlation analyses showed that very brief measures of employee emotions accounted for 75% of the variance between the initial work environment and later employee well-being. We argue and discuss the importance of considering individual differences in emotional traits in work environments, a dynamic often overlooked in research and practice in workplace interventions and improvements.
Research and field practice of integrated pressure relief technology of low-pressure abrasive jet slotting and fracturing in deep roadway
Authors: Wang Zehui , Guo Lei , Chen Zihan , Zhang Hongkai , Chen Chunyi
Published: October 2024

In order to control the large deformation of deep roadway, this paper analyzes the initiation conditions of abrasive jet slotting and fracturing, uses Fluent and UDEC to simulate and analyze the effect of low-pressure abrasive jet and the effect of slotting-fracturing integrated roof cutting and pressure relief, and conducts experiments in the field. The results show that the purpose of abrasive jet is to form prefabricated cracks and crack damage zones on the hole wall, providing an advantageous channel for hydraulic fracturing. In a certain range, with the increase of incident pressure, abrasive particle diameter and nozzle diameter, the effect of abrasive jet is improved, and the influence of incident pressure is the most significant. After the application of low-pressure abrasive jet slotting-fracturing integration technology in the field, the displacement of the roadway on the side of the goaf is significantly reduced, and the pressure relief effect of the roadway is good. The numerical simulation results also show that after the slotting fracturing pressure relief, the peak value and concentration coefficient of the bearing stress inside the retained coal pillar are reduced, and the damage zone around the roadway is relatively reduced.
WNT-induced association of Frizzled and LRP6 is not sufficient for the initiation of WNT/β-catenin signaling
Authors: Schulte Gunnar , Voss Jan , Koszegi Zsombor , Yan Yining , Shorter Emily , Grätz Lukas , Lanner Johanna , Calebiro Davide
Published: October 2024

The Wingless/Int-1 (WNT) signaling network is essential to orchestrate central physiological processes such as embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. In the currently held tenet, WNT/β-catenin signaling is initiated by WNT-induced recruitment of Frizzleds (FZDs) and LRP5/6 followed by the formation of a multiprotein signalosome complex. Here, we use bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) to show that different WNT paralogs dynamically trigger FZD-LRP6 association. While WNT-induced receptor interaction was independent of C-terminal LRP6 phosphorylation, it was allosterically modulated by binding of the phosphoprotein Dishevelled (DVL) to FZD. WNT-16B emerged as a ligand of particular interest, as it efficiently promoted FZD-LRP6 association but, unlike WNT-3A, did not lead to WNT/β-catenin signaling. Transcriptomic analysis further revealed distinct transcriptional fingerprints of WNT-3A and WNT-16B stimulation in HEK293 cells. Additionally, single-molecule imaging demonstrated that, despite increasing FZD5 and LRP6 confinement, WNT-16B stimulation did not result in formation of large receptor clusters, in contrast to WNT-3A. Our results suggest that FZD-WNT-LRP5/6 complex formation alone is not sufficient for the initiation of WNT/β-catenin signaling. Instead, we propose a two-step model, where initial ligand-induced FZD-LRP6 association must be followed by LRP6 phosphorylation and receptor clustering into higher-order complexes for efficient activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling.
Effect of the Jeffries simulation framework on the core competence ofNew graduate pediatric surgery nurses: A prospective study
Authors: Luo Wenjing , Yang Runyu , Liang Yuanyuan , Feng Liwei
Published: October 2024

Background
Newly graduated pediatric surgery nurses must be able to identify and handle potential risks to ensure patient safety. It is necessary to reinforce their understanding of their roles and responsibilities to achieve this goal. However, the limitations of traditional classroom-based teaching hinder the exploration of learners' potential.
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Jeffries simulation framework in improving the core competence of new graduate nurses in pediatric surgery.
Method
A prospective methodology with a pretest/posttest design was used. The study involved 60 new graduate pediatric nurses who work in the pediatric surgery department of a level A tertiary hospital in Southwest China. Clinical scenario simulation cases, which were designed based on the Jeffries simulation framework, were used to improve clinical competence. Before and after the training, teachers assessed each nurse's core competency and clinical decision-making ability by the Chinese Registered Nurse Core Competency Scale (CIRN) and the Clinical Decision-Making in Nursing Scale (CDMNS).
Results
All 60 new graduate pediatric surgery nurses showed significant improvement in their clinical competence after undergoing simulation training (P < 0.001). Their core competence increased by 15 ± 0.32 points, while their clinical decision-making ability increased by 7.23 ± 4.17 points on average. Moreover, the dimensions of "clinical nursing", "professional development", "critical thinking/scientific" and "clear goals and values" also showed significant improvements.
Conclusion
Training new graduate pediatric nurses via the Jeffries simulation framework can enhance their clinical competence.
Trial registration
This study was registered on March 18, 2024, in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400082003) as part of our ongoing study.
Can Computer Vision / Artificial Intelligence Locate Key Reference Points and Make Clinically Relevant Measurements on Axillary Radiographs?
Authors: Sheth Mihir M. , III Frederick A. Matsen , Hsu Jason E. , Xie Kunzhu , Peng Yuexiang , Wu Weincheng , Zheng Bolong
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Computer vision and artificial intelligence (AI) offer the opportunity to rapidly and accurately interpret standardized x-rays. We trained and validated a machine learning tool that identified key reference points and determined glenoid retroversion and glenohumeral relationships on axillary radiographs.
Methods: Standardized pre and post arthroplasty axillary radiographs were manually annotated locating six reference points and used to train a computer vision model that could identify these reference points without human guidance. The model then used these reference points to determine humeroglenoid alignment in the anterior to posterior direction and glenoid version. The model’s accuracy was tested on a separate test set of axillary images not used in training, comparing its reference point locations, alignment and version to the corresponding values assessed by two surgeons.
Results: On the test set of pre- and post-operative images not used in the training process, the model was able to rapidly identify all six reference point locations to within a mean of 2 mm of the surgeon-assessed points. The mean variation in alignment and version measurements between the surgeon assessors and the model was similar to the variation between the two surgeon assessors.
Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first reported development and validation of a computer vision/artificial intelligence model that could independently identify key landmarks and determine the glenohumeral relationship and glenoid version on axillary radiographs. This observer-independent approach has the potential to enable efficient human observer independent assessment of shoulder radiographs, lessening the burden of manual x-ray interpretation and enabling scaling of these measurements across large numbers of patients from multiple centers so that pre and postoperative anatomy can be correlated with patient reported clinical outcomes.
Level of Evidence: Level III Study of Diagnostic Test
Large-scale segmentation model facilitates intraoperative histopathology by third harmonic generation microscopy
Authors: Zhang Zhiqing , Wu Yuchen , Spies Sylvia , Wesseling Pieter , Groot Marie Louise
Published: October 2024

Histopathological assessment is the corner stone for tumor diagnosis in the clinic, but it is in its optimal form (using paraffin-embedded sections) not readily available during surgery. The intraoperative alternative, frozen section analysis, also takes about 30 minutes. Label-free third harmonic generation (THG) microscopy shows great potential to fill this gap, by providing tissue information of histopathological quality instantly. Compact THG imaging devices have been developed and are tested at clinical sites, however, one major issue remaining is the lack of robust image quantification methods. Developing such methods is challenged by limited data resource and the need for high model generalization capability. Here, we present 1) an image generation model based on diffusion bridge to convert histological images to THG images, overcoming the issue of limited THG data, and 2) the first large-scale foundation model Cell-SAM for quantification of key tumor elements present in THG images, with few-shot generalization capability. Cell-SAM provides two complementary modes. The boxes-prompted SAM mode, boosted by a developed object detection model whose backbone is pre-trained by a designed unsupervised strategy, can not only segment, classify and separate cells, but also produce large scale data for fine-tuning SAM. The fine-tuned SAM mode can directly segment blood vessels and all cells regardless of cell types, with improved accuracy. These two modes of Cell-SAM enable segmentation of normal cells, tumor cells, immune cells and blood vessels. We validate the models on data obtained from various CNS tumor types and lymphomas, collected with a portable THG imaging device in the Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, achieving a segmentation accuracy of higher than 98%. Statistical analysis of cell density and vascular density further suggests the potential of THG imaging for tumor typing. Combined with the short imaging time of THG, we conclude that the combination of Cell-SAM and compact THG imaging provides a unique approach for ‘instant pathology’ intraoperatively.
The Role of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) like transcript-1 (TLT-1) in left atrial spontaneous echo contrast in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: Ding Bing , Ma ChangSheng , He Linyan , Zou Cao
Published: October 2024

Objectives
Trigger receptor expressed on myeloid cells(TREM) like transcript-1 (TLT-1) is present in megakaryocytes and platelets. We assessed levels of membrane and soluble TLT-1 in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) to confirm the role of TLT-1 left atrial spontaneous echo contrast (LASEC) in atrial fibrillation.
Methods
A total of 113 NVAF patients underwent transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) were enrolled and divided into non LASEC group (n = 78) and LASEC group (n = 35). Patients with supraventricular tachycardia and health examinees were served as control (n = 50).TLT-1 and soluble TLT-1 levels of all subjects were determined using flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assay. The risk factors for LASEC were assessed by logistic regression analyses.
Results
Expressions of TLT-1 and plasma sTLT-1 in platelet and plasma were increased in LASEC group, compared to non LASEC group. At receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, TLT-1 and sTLT-1 significantly predicted the risk of LASEC (AUC, 0.708, 0.662).Multivariate logistic regression model showed that N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and TLT-1 were independently associated with LASEC (1.00 (1.00–1.00), p = 0.004; 2.74 (1.05–7.11), p = 0.039).
Conclusion
Aberrant high expression of TLT-1 and NT-proBNP indicated the presence of LASEC in AF patients. TLT-1 could be a new useful predictor of LASEC in NVAF.
A 7 years old boy with central vein thrombosis in favor of multisystem inflammatory syndrome: case report
Authors: habibi parinaz , amirikar farinaz , mobayen golnaz
Published: October 2024

Background: The term "multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children" has been known from the beginning of corona virus pandemic that it refers to systemic inflammation with multisystem involvement. Neurological damage in patients with MISC in various clinical forms has been mentioned in several reports. One of these features is thrombus formation in the central venous sinus; which can be accompanied by complications. It is one of less common complication of MISC that was mentioned before in reports.
Case presentation: Here is a 7-year-old male patient with multisystem inflammatory syndrome diagnosis that leads to CNS hemorrhage secondary to CVST. He had loss of consciousness with seizure and suffered from paralysis of the left cranial six nerve and necrotizing pneumonia. He got anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic treatment and surgery for lung. He completely recovered after 3 month.
Conclusion: This patient has a unique form of MISC complication with CNS sequel followed central sinus vein thrombosis and prolonged time of recovery with complete resolution of symptoms that reminds the importance of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children again.
Electrochemical Selenylation of Tyrosine Oligopeptides: A Novel Route to Benzo[b]furan-Functionalized Peptides
Authors: Ruan Zhixiong , Hu Xinwei , Zeng Yong , Diao Han , Ma Jiongdong , Jin Chengzhi
Published: October 2024

Benzo[b]furans are significant scaffolds in drug molecules and are prevalent structural components in natural products. Chemically encoded non-natural peptidomimetics have a substantial impact on pharmaceuticals by offering enhanced stability, improved cell permeability, and resistance to enzymatic degradation. Consequently, a strategy for the sustainable assembly of benzo[b]furan peptides through the electrochemical late-stage modification of tyrosine-derived peptides is proposed. This approach facilitates the multifunctional integration of various natural amino acids with tyrosine, as well as their subsequent functionalization. Notably, the resulting peptides exhibit favorable properties regarding biocompatibility and cellular uptake.
Assessing Dermal Exposure to Organochlorine Pesticides in Different Populations of a Prototypical Agricultural City in South China
Authors: Guo Jian , Luo Xiaojun , Zeng Yanhong , Mai Bixian
Published: October 2024

Persistent organic pollutants have been widely detected in the environment and pose a substantial threat to human health. However, few studies have directly investigated exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) through skin contact. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate dermal exposure to OCPs in different populations in a typical agricultural city in South China. Skin wipe samples were collected from the faces, hands, forearms, and shanks of 120 volunteers (50% male and 50% female) across various age groups. All ten target OCPs were detected in the samples, with concentrations ranging from non-detectable (ND) to 7200 ng/m2. The concentration of OCPs displayed a consistent pattern of face > hand > forearm > shank regardless of age or sex. Daily average doses of dermal ingestion (DADderm) and hand-to-mouth contact ingestion (DADoral) ranged from ND to 68 ng/kg/d and from ND to 7.8 ng/kg/d, respectively. Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) was the primary contributor, accounting for 68% of the DADderm and 91% of the DADoral. No significant age- or sex-based differences were observed in DADderm, but DADoral showed significant variation, being markedly higher in preschoolers than in other age groups and higher in females than in males. Carcinogenic risks associated with OCP dermal exposure ranged from ND to 2.4 × 10− 5, with older adults facing the highest risk and females having significantly higher risk than males.
A feature-extraction localization algorithm research for teaching-free automated robotic welding based on 3D point cloud​​
Authors: Li Yiheng , Xu Yanling , Wang Xinghua , Ma Xiaoyang , Wang Qiang , Zhang Huajun
Published: October 2024

The issue of deviations between the virtual environment and actual working conditions in offline programming for robotic welding hinders effective practical application. Aiming at this problem, this paper researches a technology of feature-extraction localization for teaching-free automated robotic welding based on 3D vision sensing system. To begin, 3D vision sensors capture the actual workpiece’s point cloud for registering it with the standard 3D digital model or extracting the mathematical model of welds. Following this, result of the registration or extraction can correct the offline programming trajectory to obtain the actual one on the workpiece. The key technologies primarily include the 3D reconstruction of the workpiece, initial localization of point cloud registration based on FPFH-RANSAC-ICP algorithm, and welding seam localization based on point cloud segmentation and feature extraction. Finally, the efficiency and accuracy of the algorithm are verified on the T-pipe, triplanar fillet and V-groove butt weld.
Stroke survivors’ health priorities and targeted interventions in home-based post-discharge rehabilitation
Authors: Tao Xingjuan , Bayuo Jonathan , Li Haiyan , Wang Shao Ling , Chun Chun Ki , Zhu Xuejiao , Wu Lijie , Zhang Yan , Wong Frances Kam Yuet
Published: October 2024

Background
This study aimed to describe health problems of the stroke survivors and the corresponding nursing interventions implemented during 12-week home-based post-discharge rehabilitation.
Methods
This was a descriptive secondary analysis within the context of a randomized controlled trial. Randomly selected raw audio recordings of follow-up calls between nurses and stroke survivors in a home-based post-discharge rehabilitation program were used to assess the intervention characteristics. The research protocol and the Omaha System was adopted to guide the analysis of health needs and nursing practice.
Results
A total of 459 minutes of audio-recordings from eighty-nine telephone contacts with fifteen participants were analyzed, revealing 22 of the 42 Omaha System health problems across all four domains. The most prevalent issues were “Neuro-musculo-skeletal function” (21.2%), “Circulation” (14.6%), and “Nutrition” (10.6%). The four interventions categories were fully implemented with “Surveillance” being the primary approach (54.6%), followed by “Teaching, Guidance, and Counseling” (35.6%). “Case Management” was crucial for "Health care supervision," and “Treatments and Procedures” were frequently applied to "Neuro-musculo-skeletal function" and "Speech and language" problems. Intervention targets varied significantly across different problem-category matches.
Conclusions
The Omaha System facilitates the precise identification of critical health issues among stroke survivors during post-discharge home rehabilitation, and enables targeted nursing interventions in addressing the problems. Surveillance and educational strategies are particular vital for rehabilitation support. There is a potential to build a structured care model using information technology that can facilitate the delivery of comprehensive and standardized quality nursing care to ensure the optimal rehabilitation of stroke patients.
Trial registration
The study was registered as a randomized controlled trial in ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration Date: 2019-3-21, Registration Number: NCT03884621.
Sequential quantification of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) and K-deleting recombination excision circles (KRECs) and overall survival after allogeneic HSCT
Authors: Duarte Rafael , de Miguel Carlos , Alonso Rosalía , Bautista Guiomar , Espinosa-Hevia Luis , Martínez-Muñoz María E. , Núñez Lucía , Salcedo Isabel , Briansò Ferran , Manchado-Perdiguero Carlos , Sánchez-Peral Ali
Published: October 2024

The use of TRECs/KRECs in allogeneic HSCT (alloHSCT) has been limited by a lack of standard technical platforms to allow comparison and validation of results between centres. We quantified absolute TRECs/KRECs on sequential samples collected prospectively (pretransplant, 1, 3, 6 and 12-months posttransplant) in 374 alloHSCT for haematological malignancies using LightCycler 480/TREC-KREC-ACTB (Roche Diagnostics). Following prompt decrease after transplant, KRECs recover as soon as 3 months posttransplant, while TRECs recovery takes up to 1 year (p < 0.001). KRECs do not associate with outcomes. However, higher pretransplant TRECs strongly associate with reduced NRM and increased OS, and remain independent in multivariate analysis (HR 0.37, p = 0.001, and HR 0.51, p < 0.001, respectively). In addition, faster TRECs recovery measured sequentially at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after alloHSCT associates with better OS. Furthermore, landmark analyses showed that early survivors with higher TRECs levels at 6 and 12 months after alloHSCT had significantly better subsequent long-term survival, independent from GVHD and other clinical factors in multivariate analysis (HR 0.33, p = 0.016 and HR 0.13, p < 0.001, respectively). TRECs levels pretransplant and at 6 and 12 months posttransplant provide novel biomarker measurable data that associate with alloHSCT long-term outcomes. Multicentre, prospective validation of these results is warranted.
Early prognosis of patients with sepsis-related acute kidney injury receiving continuous renal replacement therapy in the intensive care unit
Authors: Tian Jing , Zhang Jiayue , Xu Hongyang
Published: October 2024

Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics of patients with sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SI-AKI) requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and their risk factors for mortality.
Methods This was a single-centre, retrospective, observational study that included 108 patients who underwent CRRT between 1 January 2022 and 31 December 2022 in the intensive care unit (ICU) of The Affiliated Wuxi People' s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. The patients were divided into the SI-AKI group and the Non-SI-AKI group, and the 30-day prognosis of the two groups was investigated using the Kaplan-Meier survival curve, and the associated risk factors for death were investigated using multifactorial COX regression analysis.
Results Compared with the non-SI-AKI group, SI-AKI patients were older [72 (60, 78) vs. 60 (51, 70) years, P = 0.003], with higher SOFA score [9.0 (7.0, 10.0) vs. 6.0 (5.0, 7.0), P < 0.001] and APACHE II score [12.0 (10.0, 16.0) vs. 8.0 (7.0, 10.0), P < 0.001] were higher. During CRRT, patients with SI-AKI required mechanical ventilation for a longer period of time [11 (4, 23) days vs. 4 (1, 9) days, P < 0.001] and had a higher rate of extubation failure [21 (35.59%) vs. 7 (14.29%), P = 0.012]. In addition, patients with SI-AKI had worse 30-day outcomes and had lactate levels [HR 1.133, 95%CI 0.908, 1.415, P = 0.009] and extubation failures [HR 1.014, 95%CI 1.002, 1.090, P < 0.001] as risk factors for developing 30-day mortality.
Conclusions The early prognosis of SI-AKI patients treated with CRRT does not appear to be favorable, which may be related to the severity of the patient's disease. Lactate levels and the occurrence of failed extubation can increase the risk of 30-day mortality.
Does the Type of Infertility Affect Varicocelectomy Efficacy?
Authors: Shomarufov Azizbek , Abbosov Shukhrat , Khudaybergenov Ulugbek , Kasimov Safojon
Published: October 2024

Background:
The aim of the study was to compare varicocelectomy efficacy in men with primary (PI) and secondary infertility (SI).
Materials and methods:
Men suffering from PI (n=22) and SI (n=28) and having varicocelectomy in the period of from January 2021 to December 2022 at Republican Specialized Scientific-Practical Medical Center of Urology were included in the study. Semen parameters before and after varicocelectomy were analyzed according to WHO 2010 Manual.
Results:
Analysis revealed that the mean age of patients of the group I was significantly lower (p <0.001) and duration of infertility was accurately shorter (p <0.01) than those of group II. Main semen parameters increased significantly in group I (e.g., sperm concentration increased by 50%, from 62,2±8,7 to 93,5±10,0 M/ml and total motile sperm count increased by 113%, from 76,7±17,1 to 163,4±27,8 M p<0.05), while in group II only % of progressive motile sperm increased significantly (by 107%, from 13,5±2,6 to 28,0±5,2% p<0.05). We identified significant difference in varicocelectomy efficacy between group I and group II in change of total motile sperm count (by 113% vs. 74% respectively, p<0.01). We also revealed discrepancy between groups in correlation ratio (r) between initial and post-surgical % of progressive motile sperm.
Conclusions:
The mean age and duration of infertility of patients with SI was greater and longer respectively than those of in patients with PI. Varicocelectomy resulted in significant improvement of main semen parameters in patients with PI. In patients with SI varicocelectomy resulted in significant improvement of only % of progressive motile sperm. Advanced paternal age and long infertility duration may affect negatively varicocelectomy efficacy.
Construction and Bioinformatics Analysis of the miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network in Liver regeneration in rats
Authors: Hu Hanqing , Zheng Xin , Tian Guodong , Tang Yong
Published: October 2024

Background:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and aggressive malignant tumors. Partial hepatectomy (PHx) is currently the primary treatment for HCC, but many patients suffer from poor liver reserve function and insufficient remaining liver volume, limiting the liver's regenerative capacity. Therefore, this study aims to explore the mechanisms of miRNA and mRNA in liver regeneration through high-throughput sequencing.
Methods:
A rat model of 70% hepatectomy was used, and physiological indicators related to liver regeneration were assessed on days 3, 7, and 14 post-surgery. Small RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis were conducted to evaluate the miRNA and mRNA expression profiles at different stages of regeneration. Bioinformatics tools were used to identify differentially expressed genes, construct miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, to identify key regulatory molecules.
Results:
The rat liver regeneration model was successfully established, and the body weight and liver regeneration rate data on days 3, 7, and 14 indicated a smooth regeneration process. Small RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis identified 395 known miRNAs and 299 precursor miRNAs. Differential expression analysis revealed dynamic expression patterns of multiple miRNAs and mRNAs during liver regeneration. The miRNA-mRNA regulatory network showed interactions between 17 differentially expressed miRNAs and 31 differentially expressed mRNAs involved in liver regeneration.
Conclusion:
This study, through small RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis, revealed key regulatory roles of miRNAs in various signaling pathways during liver regeneration. The constructed miRNA-mRNA regulatory network further elucidates the molecular mechanisms of liver regeneration. The results demonstrate the complex regulatory roles of miRNAs in promoting hepatocyte proliferation, inhibiting apoptosis, and regulating multiple key signaling pathways, providing new insights into the understanding of liver regeneration mechanisms.
Osteoporosis and chronic tendinopathy: a two-sample Bidirectional Mendelian randomization
Authors: Wu Hongfei , Cui Yushi , Gao Yun , Zhang Xingping , Zhang Shuai , Wang Mingyuan , Zhang Zhilong , Yang Shengping
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND The incidence of osteoporosis rises with advancing age, and it has emerged as a significant global public health issue, often presenting clinically with symptoms such as pain, kyphosis, reduced height, and fractures.Chronic tendinopathy is a common orthopedic disease, which is mainly characterized by pain, delayed and difficult to heal, causing great pain to patients. Preliminary epidemiological studies have investigated the potential association between osteoporosis and chronic tendinopathy; however, a definitive causal relationship has yet to be established. With increasing life expectancy and an accelerating aging population, the burden of osteoporosis and chronic tendinopathy is expected to rise significantly, with important implications for morbidity and mortality.METHODS Instrumental variables were selected from the IEU GWAS database of summary statistics. Five different bone mineral density (BMD) sites—heel, total body, femoral neck, lumbar spine, and ultradistal forearm BMD—along with total body BMD across five age groups (0–15, 15–30, 30–45, 45–60, and over 60 years) were utilized as osteoporosis phenotypes. Achilles tendinitis, Bicipital tendinitis, Calcific tendinitis, Calcific tendinitis of shoulder, Gluteal tendinitis, Patellar tendinitis were selected, Peroneal tendinitis represent Chronic tendinopathy phenotypes. Multiple analytical methods were employed to comprehensively assess the causal relationship between chronic tendinopathy and osteoporosis. Sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, and 'leave-one-out' analysis, were conducted to verify the robustness of the findings.RESULTS Mendelian Randomization analysis revealed a significant causal relationship between five different sites of BMD and Calcific tendinitis of the shoulder; Additionally, MR demonstrated a significant causal relationship between Heel BMD, Lumbar spine BMD and Peroneal tendinitis. In the Mendelian Randomization analysis examining age-related bone mineral density (BMD) and chronic tendinopathy, significant causal relationships were identified between total body BMD in the age groups 0–15 years, 45–60 years, and over 60 years with calcific tendinitis of the shoulder.. In all inverse analyses, no significant causal association between chronic tendinopathy and osteoporosis was observed. The reliability of these results was confirmed through sensitivity analyses.CONCLUSION Osteoporosis may be a potential etiological factor for chronic tendinopathy, with a significant causal relationship observed between BMD and chronic tendinopathy, particularly in individuals over 45 years of age. This suggests that patients presenting with chronic tendinopathy may have an underlying issue of osteoporosis. Therefore, routine bone mineral density (BMD) screening is recommended for individuals over 45 years of age who present with chronic tendinopathy.
Interpretable Machine Learning Approaches for Children's ADHD Detection Using Clinical Assessment Data: An online web application deployment
Authors: Qin Han , Zhang lili , Wang Jianhong , Yan Weiheng , Wang Xi , Qu Xia , Peng Nan , Wang Ling
Published: October 2024

Background
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent mental disorder characterized by hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. This study aims to develop a verifiable and interpretable machine learning model to identify ADHD and its subtypes in children using clinical Assessment scales data.
Methods
This study utilized the ADHD-200 dataset, including demographic data, Behavioral Rating Scale, and Wechsler Intelligence Scale assessments, to train and validate our models. The model's performance was evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation within the internal dataset, and the best model will be used for external validation. Seven machine learning models were evaluated. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was employed for model interpretation. Finally, a web application will deploy the prediction model to provide ADHD probabilities based on user input.
Results
The Random Forest (RF) model performing best in identifying ADHD and the Support Vector Machine (SVM) model excelling in distinguishing ADHD subtypes. The RF model achieved an AUC of 0.99 in 10-fold cross-validation and an AUC of 0.99 in external validation, and the SVM model achieved a micro-average AUC of 0.96 and an accuracy of 0.83 in internal validation and a micro-average AUC of 0.96 and an accuracy of 0.85 in external validation. We used SHAP to interpret the models, revealing that higher ADHD Index pushed the model towards ADHD classification. Additionally, lower IQ scores were correlated with a higher likelihood of ADHD, consistent with previous studies. The dependency analysis found that the model can identify different behavioral scales. We deployed the final model online using a web application and showed users how the model made decisions.
Conclusions
Our findings highlight the potential of using machine learning and clinical assessment scales to support the diagnosis and subtype identification of ADHD in children, offering a practical solution for improving diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in clinical settings.
The burden of Gastric Cancer and possible risk factors from 1990 to 2021，and projections until 2035: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors: Fan Yangyan , Qin Niping , Yang Zhiping , Fan Daiming
Published: October 2024

Background
Gastric cancer exhibit high morbidity and mortality rate in China, resulting in substantial disease burdens. A comprehensive evaluation of the burden is crucial to improve strategies for gastric cancer prevention and treatment.
Methods
We collected incidence, deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR), age-standardized death rate (ASDR), age-standardized DALY rate (ASR) of gastric cancer at the global, regional, and national levels in all 204 countries and territories from 21 regions during 1990 to 2021. The Bayesian age-period-cohort model was applied to project future trends until 2035.
Results
In 2021, The new cases, deaths and DALYs of gastric cancer increased. More than 1.23 million incident cases of gastric cancer were reported worldwide, which caused 954373.60 deaths and 22786633.10 DAYLs. The age-standardized rates for incidence, death and DALYs decreased by-42%(-49% to -35%),-49%(-55% to -43%) and − 53%(-58% to -47%) from 1990 to 2021, respectively. The highest age-standardized incidence and death rates in 2021 were observed in the High-middle SDI quintile. Both the age-standardized death, incidence and DALYs rate among males were all higher than those among females. In 2021, East Asia and High-income North America had the highest disease burden related to smoking, and Central Europe had the highest disease burden related to diet high in sodium. Furthermore, projections suggest that the ASIR and ASDR of gastric cancer will likely follow steady downward trends by 2035.
Conclusions
Gastric cancer continued to cause a heavy burden globally and in different countries and regions, with significant decreased in the incidence and mortality. Death and DALY rates attributable to high sodium diet and smoking have generally declined. There are still significant differences between age groups and regions. Targeted preventive measures, such as controlling smoking and increasing intake of fresh vegetables and fruits, should be taken in the future to reduce the risk of gastric cancer
Identification of the citrus GRF gene family and its expression in fruit peel thickening mediated by gibberellin
Authors: Liu Xin , Chen Yuewen , Yuan Bo , Peng Miao , Zhao Yushuang , Chen Tong , Lu Jiawei , Li Feifei , Lu Xiaopeng , Yang Junfeng
Published: October 2024

Background
Growth-regulating factors (GRFs) play a crucial role in plant growth and development, particularly in cell division and expansion. Citrus fruit cracking, a prevalent issue, adversely impacts both yield and fruit quality. Gibberellins (GAs) are known to ameliorate citrus fruit cracking by inducing thicker peel formation, which is attributed to cell division and expansion. However, the mechanistic link between gibberellins and citrus peel thickening, and whether this process is mediated by GRF genes regulation, has not been definitively established.
Results
In this study, 8 CsGRFs (Citrus sinensis), 11 CcGRFs (Citrus clementina), and 8 CgGRFs (Citrus grandis) were identified from the citrus genome which divided into six clusters, with the genes of the same cluster sharing similar gene structures. Cis-elements analysis revealed that the promoter regions of GRF genes contained numerous hormone-responsive elements. Tissue expression profiles showed that CsGRF genes had higher expression levels in young tissues, including early fruit tissues, one-year-leaf, ovules, and root tips. RNA-seq and qPCR analyses revealed that the expression levels of CsGRF3, 4, 7, and 8 were significantly regulated in response to GA3 treatment. Notably, CsGRF8 was the most significantly induced by GA3 and highly expressed in the early stages of peel development. These findings indicate gibberellins may exert regulatory effects on peel development through the induction of CsGRF genes.
Conclusion
This study systematically analyzed the characteristics of the citrus GRF gene family, as well as the changes in citrus peel thickness and the expression patterns of CsGRF genes under gibberellin treatment. These findings provide valuable insights for advancing research on the role of CsGRF genes in regulating citrus peel development, which could help reduce the occurrence of fruit cracking.
A deep learning-based approach for Multiple Sclerosis Lesion Segmentation
Authors: Abdelali Hanene Ben , Sahnoun Mouna , Sakka Salma , Damak Mariem , Siarry Patrick , Kallel Fathi
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS), characterized by the presence of disseminated lesions in the brain and Spinal Cord (SC). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has become an essential tool for studying the anatomy and functions of the CNS in vivo, enabling not only the identification of brain structures but also the detection of damaged tissue in various neurodegenerative diseases, including MS. The segmentation of lesions on MR images is a crucial step in the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease. However, manual segmentation of MS lesions is a complex and time-consuming task requiring considerable expertise.
Methods: This paper proposes a fully automated method for MS lesion segmentation based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture. The model was trained on datasets from the MICCAI 2016 and ISBI 2015 international challenges. FLAIR images from these databases were used as input to the CNN.
Results: The results show a significant improvement in the accuracy and robustness of the model, resulting in high-quality segmentation of MS lesions. The model achieved remarkable performance, with a Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) of over 89%, outperforming recent methods.
Conclusion: These promising results underline the considerable potential for future advances in the automated segmentation of MS lesions.
GPU Accelerated Security Constrained Optimal Power Flow
Authors: Degleris Anthony , Gamal Abbas El , Rajagopal Ram
Published: October 2024

We propose a GPU accelerated proximal message passing algorithm for solving contingency-constrained DC optimal power flow problems (OPF). We consider a highly general formulation of OPF that uses a sparse device-node model and supports a broad range of devices and constraints, e.g., energy storage and ramping limits. Our algorithm is a variant of the alternating direction method multipliers (ADMM) that does not require solving any linear systems and only consists of sparse incidence matrix multiplies and vectorized scalar operations. We develop a pure PyTorch implementation of our algorithm that runs entirely on the GPU. The implementation is also end-to-end differentiable, i.e., all updates are automatic differentiation compatible. We demonstrate the performance of our method using test cases of varying network sizes and time horizons. Relative to a CPU-based commercial optimizer, our implementation achieves well over 100x speedups on large test cases, solving problems with over 500 million variables in under a minute on a single GPU.
Do floral traits and rewards effects floral visitation in Syzygium parameswaranii; An Endangered evergreen tree of the southern Western Ghats of India?
Authors: Reghunath Athira , Surendran Anjana , Ramasubbu Raju
Published: October 2024

Syzygium parameswaranii is a mass-blooming endangered tree species endemic to the Western Ghats of India. The reproductive phenoevents of S. parameswaranii were significantly correlated with temperature which indicated that the flowering phenoevents should be accelerated by a specific temperature. Due to its poor floral rewards (nectar) and advertisement, a limited number of floral visitors were drawn to the blossoms of S. parameswaranii. Since there were no attractive or colourful sepals or petals, the large number of stamens served as the major floral attractant and provided pollen grains as a major floral reward because the quantity of nectar was very low. The diversity of floral visitors in S. parameswaranii was relatively limited when compared to other species of Syzygium. The flowers were attracted and visited by only twelve species including ants, bees, beetles, butterflies, moths and wasps. Among these visitors, only seven of them served as efficient pollinators. Scolia dubia was recorded with higher visitation frequency (0.78 ± 0.11) and visitor activity index (0.89) than any other visitor. Due to their frequent visits and effective stigma contact, they were recorded as the most effective pollinators of S. parameswaranii.
Exploring the Effects of Cancer-Associated Mutations in Selected Cell Lines Using Online Computational Tools
Authors: Premkumar Rohid
Published: October 2024

This research aimed to investigate the mutations in selected cancer-related genes across three different cell lines: A549, NCI-H23, and NCI-H460. The genes of interest included HSP90AA1, TBL1XR1, ZFHX3, DDR2, LIFR, and MYH11, with a focus on their mutation profiles and potential impacts on cancer development. Various online programs, including PolyPhen-2, Mutation Master, and DynaMut, were employed to analyze the functional effects of mutations on the proteins encoded by these genes. Results indicated that HSP90AA1 and DDR2 had high Mutation Master scores, suggesting a strong association with disease. PolyPhen results showed that HSP90AA1 and ZFHX3 mutations were predicted to be probably damaging, while TBL1XR1 was classified as benign. The DynaMut analysis revealed significant changes in flexibility and stability for most mutations, particularly highlighting the destabilizing effects of TBL1XR1 and ZFHX3. The Swiss-Model results showed full green structures upon superposition of wild-type and mutant proteins, indicating minimal structural differences. However, the absence of results for ZFHX3 in Mutation Master due to missing transcript data emphasizes the challenges faced in mutation research. The findings provide insights into the mutation landscape of these genes, suggesting potential avenues for further investigation in cancer research.
A prospective randomized comparative analysis of bipolar TURP and high-power Thulium vapoenucleation in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Authors: Paighan Nitin , Goel Hemant , Saini Abhishek , Akhil Shrrey , Makkar Arun
Published: October 2024

Background:
Benign prostatic hyperplasia is on the rise as the life expectancy has been increased due to medical advancements. TURP once a gold standard is now slowly been replaced by lasers. As patients continue seeking less invasive and more efficient treatment options, they must be provided with evidence-based treatment options. Studies using 200-watt thulium lasers are scant and have a mixed population of small and large prostates. This study focuses mainly on large prostates(>60 cc) avoiding the biases in operating time and hospital stay and intends to to compare efficacy and outcomes of bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) vs High power thulium vapoenucleation of the prostate (ThuVEP) in benign enlargement of the prostate.
Methods:
A total of 68 patients were included in our study of which 34 were randomly divided in 2 arms viz Bipolar TURP group V/s ThuVEP with a prostate size of more than 60 ccs..
An analytical between-group comparison was made of preoperative and perioperative data including operation time, intraoperative blood loss by measuring spothemoglobin on postoperative day 1, hospital stay, intra-operative and perioperative complications like capsular perforation, bleeding requiring transfusion, urinary tract infections, etc. Postoperative data was collected at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months after surgery on IPSS, uroflowmetry with PVR, and residual prostate size at 3 months. Post-operative complications like SUI, urethral strictures, bladder neck stenosis, and the need for surgery for residual adenoma, were also compared.
Results:
ThuVEP was associated with statistically significant shorter resection time, lesser requirement of irrigation fluid in the postoperative period, less blood loss, & shorter hospital stay. IPSS, PVR, and voiding time were comparable between the 2 groups. The ThuVEP group had better Qmax and Qavg and residual prostate size at all times during follow-up. The two groups were similar in terms of complications.
Conclusion:
Both procedures could be performed with equal safety in larger prostates. However, ThuVEP outperformed Bipolar TURP in terms of blood loss, hospital stay , post-operative uroflow parameters, and residual prostate size.
Synthesis of self-curing bio-based eugenol-epoxy resin an application to metal surface coating
Authors: Patil Arunkumar , Pawar N S , Mali Pundalik , Tayade Madhukar , Borse Kundan , Patil Vikas
Published: October 2024

Eugenol an active reagent extracted from the plant are being used as one of the composite materials for the preparation of monomer. In a course of successive reaction eugenol was reacted with the 1,4-butandiol diglycidyl ether yields the reactive species 3,3'-(butane-1,4-diylbis (oxy) bis(1-(4-allyl-2-methoxyphenoxy) propane-2-ol). It contains the two alcoholic hydroxy which further reacted with the epichlorohydrin gives the 2,2'-(3,12-bis((4-allyl-2-methoxyphenoxy) methyl)-2,5,10,13-tetraoxatetradecane-1,14-diyl) bis (oxirane) (BMTO). BMTO is an active monomer consisting of two epoxy functionals at terminal. In the next series of experiments the combination of epoxy acrylate resin with BMTO in presents of fixed amount of triethyl tetraamine formulated give the polymer composite material. The polymer material formed has an active bio-ingredient eugenol known for its antimicrobial activity over the coating to metal substrate. The final polymer has the tested with the various tests such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), gel content analysis, water absorption testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) study. The results showed effective nature of eugenol-based epoxy (BMTO). The functionality of the eugenol-based epoxy (BMTO) and structural properties were evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and infrared (IR) spectra. The study examined the properties of cured epoxy, focusing on its thermal, mechanical, and anti-corrosion characteristics.