bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DILEMA PEMBELAJARAN DARING: STUDI KASUS DI PONDOK PESANTREN BABAKAN CIWARINGIN CIREBON, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Maula Nurkholifatul
Published: December 2020

Pandemi covid-19 telah memberikan banyak perubahan, antara lain di bidang pendidikan. Khususnya di lingkungan pesantren, tantangan yang dihadapi adalah cukup kompleks dibandingkan dengan tantangan yang dihadapi sekolah reguler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi perspektif guru dan upaya sekolah dalam menghadapi pembelajaran secara daring di masa pandemi covid-19. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus di Pondok Pesantren Babakan Ciwaringin Cirebon Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa para guru pada salah satu sekolah menengah pertama di Pondok Pesantren Babakan memiliki perspektif bahwa proses pembelajaran daring selama masa pandemi ini, berlangsung tidak efektif. Hal itu dikarenakan beberapa hal, yaitu: keterbatasan penggunaan gadget di pesantren, kurang tersedianya fasilitas yang memadai, dan kurangnya kemampuan guru dalam menggunakan IT, serta ketidakdisiplinan siswa. Berdasarkan perspektif para guru di atas, pihak sekolah di lingkungan pesantren memiliki berbagai upaya dalam peningkatan efektivitas pembelajaran daring, yaitu: menggunakan Hybrid Learning, memberikan kuota gratis untuk siswa dan guru, dan memberikan ruang kepada guru untuk belajar dengan teman sebaya dalam penggunaan IT.
Solid phase reaction between components of the charge in the areas burning solid fuel and features of formation liquid phase
Authors: Ya Мianovska , Yu Projdak , L Kamkina , R Ankudinov , O Babenko , V Кirichok
Published: December 2020

Objective. The influence of solid-phase reactions in the agglomerated charge layer on the quality of manganese ag-glomerate is considered. Research methodology. Thermodynamic analysis was used to establish the predominance of reactions. The phase (mineral) composition of manganese concentrates and the experimental agglomerate was investigated by X-ray diffraction method on a DRON-2 diffractometer in monochromatic Cuα radiation. The interplanar distances at the corresponding values of the X-ray reflection intensity from the investigated samples of concentrates and agglomerate were determined by comparing the obtained data with the corresponding tabular data given in the reference books on X-ray diffraction analysis of substances. Sintering of the experimental agglomerate was performed on a laboratory agglomeration bowl. Research results. It is established that the dissociation of higher manganese oxides begins at relatively low temperatures and proceeds in stages to the formation of MnO. Since the chemical affinity of manganese for oxygen is significant, reduction to metallic Mn was not observed, as this requires a high content of reducing agent and a reducing atmosphere, which is difficult to achieve in real agglomeration processes. Dissociation of rhodochrosite carbonate concentrate and gradual dissociation of dolomitized limestone leads to an increase in CO2 content in the atmosphere. Slag bonds are represented by compounds Mn2SiO4, MnO • Al2O3, Mg2SiO4, CaO • MgO • SiO2, 2CaO • SiO2. Thermodynamic calculations show that at moderate temperatures, compounds such as calcium ferrites are not formed, which is likely for the interaction between basic flux oxides and manganese oxides. Scientific novelty. Studies have shown that CaO does not completely convert to a slag bond, and even with a basicity of order 1, there is undigested lime. White spots are formed in the structure of the finished agglomerate. Such an agglomerate during transportation and storage loses strength and a large amount of trifles is formed..
Keel Bone Damage in Laying Hens
Authors: LAÇİN Ekrem , KÜREKSİZ Ayşe
Published: December 2020

The use of alternative housing systems is increasing in response to the press of animal rights organisations and animal welfare-sensitive consumers. Pursuant to animal welfare legislation, it has become compulsory in the European Union member states to house laying hens in enriched cages or aviaries. However, one of the main problems associated with these housing systems is the frequent occurrence of skeletal damage, as a result of the reflexive movements of freely roaming animals. Owing to its protrusive anatomical structure, one of the most easily damaged skeletal parts is the sternum. Damage to the sternum is also referred to as keel bone damage. The term “keel bone damage” is used to describe bone deformities or fractures, which have long been named as bone anomalies in laying hens. Keel bone damage is a chronic disorder, which adversely affects the profitability of egg farms. Being a multifactorial disorder, it is difficult to identify the primary cause of keel bone damage, as many underlying reasons could be involved in its aetiology. Skilled and experienced practitioners can readily diagnose keel bone damage by palpating the sternal region. This study reviews the significance of keel bone damage for the egg sector and the welfare of laying hens.
Modern Poetry and Malaysian Tamil Writer's Association
Authors: V Nathiya
Published: December 2020

The Tamil Diaspora those who are settled throughout the world dedicated them for the Development of muthTamil that is iyal isai and Natakam and preserve the tranquility and Heritage of Tamil language. Their activities having been properly streamlined with their respected Tamilsangams. The renowned Tamil sangam of Malaysia which is the best among of its kind rendering yeoman service with its multi thronged approaches and attitudes in particular the seminars on modern or revival poetry (puthu kavithai) has been Notable. Writer association of Malaysia conducted seminar on to the kavithai and assessd the pros and cons of puthu kavithai. Innovative features of kavithai has been developed and supporterd with their services the activities of honoring the right person and the publication also supports its progress. Even from the time of inception the Malaysian writer’s association service for the development of puthu kavithai is commendable. This research will be established the activities of this association with the reliable sources.
Studi Penerapan Nilai Kasih Storge Orangtua Terhadap Anak di GMIT Jemaat Syalom Oinlasi
Authors: Ndolu Nelci Nafalia , Anika Tusi  , Purnomo Catur Prio
Published: December 2020

Abstract: This article focuses on the application of the value of parental love for children in Christian families in the GMIT Congregation of Syalom Oinlasi. The purpose of writing this article is to determine the form of storge love that has been trained by parents to children in order to form character and soft skills to love oneself and others. The research was conducted using the interview method, the results of which were processed by means of reduction and verification. The results of the study show that parents at GMIT Syalom Oinlasi congregation apply the value of storge love to their children in the form of protecting them from fighting, promiscuity by advising them repeatedly. Ensure that her children receive food, formal education, and spiritual education to be actively involved in Bible studies in the Church. Parents also try to be role models with respect and honesty with themselves and others.
Abstrak: Artikel ini fokus pada penerapan nilai kasih storge orang tua terhadap anak  dalam keluarga Kristen di GMIT Jemaat Syalom Oinlasi. Tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui bentuk kasih storge yang telah dilatih orangtua kepada anak-anak dalam rangka membentuk karakter dan softskill mengasihi diri dan sesama. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode wawancara yang hasil penelitiannya diolah dengan cara reduksi, dan verifikasi. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa orang tua di GMIT Jemaat Syalom Oinlasi menerapkan nilai kasih storge terhadap anak-anak mereka dalam bentuk mengayomi anak-anak dari tindakan perkelahian, pergaulan bebas dengan cara menasehati mereka secara berulang-ulang. Memastikan anak- anaknya mendapat makanan, pendidikan formal dan pendidikan rohani  aktif terlibat dalam kegiatan PAR di Gereja. Orang tua pun berusaha menjadi teladan dalam sikap menghormati, dan jujur terhadap diri sendiri dan sesama.
PENYUSUNAN PEDOMAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN PESANTREN
Authors: Maskuri
Published: December 2020

Islamic boarding schools inevitably provide services for the implementation and management processes. It requires adjustments to increasing needs. Each Islamic boarding school has different characteristics, because It is founded by different figures. There are different ways to financial management in Islamic boarding schools. The role of Kiai as a central figure is very decisive in financial management. Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Sukorejo is one of the Islamic boarding schools that have own financial management system. Three units are technically managing finances in Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Sukorejo. They are Treasurer, the Supreme Audit and Wealth Agency of Ma'had (BPK2M), and the Budget Team. To ensure the service system in financial management, it is necessary to develop financial management guidelines. The mentoring steps taken included sharing ideas, absorbing information, discussing and conducting joint studies with stakeholders in the Islamic boarding schools. As a result, the draft financial management guidelines were included in the master plan for Islamic boarding schools. The need for guidance on financial management of Islamic boarding schools is in line with the theory of planning, innovation, and several financial regulations established by the State. In management, planning is needed because the spirit is innovation and meeting the demands of change to meet the needs of the organizers and the Islamic boarding schools community itself.
PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM BERWAWASAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Authors: Siti Yumnah
Published: December 2020

In fact, if we reflect and re-understand the verses of the Koran, it has become clear that natural disasters and environmental crises are the result of human activity. Environmental damage has long been pointed out in the Koran. In Islam's view, human beings are actually Allah's creatures assigned as caliphs, as regulators, and maintainers of this earth. But the grievous reality that is happening right now is that it is increasingly complex and leads to uncontrolled conditions with increasing world population growth that exceeds the natural productivity capacity of the earth. A large population is a potential for advancing the country, but if it is not balanced with an adequate level of understanding of ecology then it means disaster. Humans now have openly exploited the natural resources on earth and forced the earth to give more than what the earth produced according to its capacity. So this is where the role of Islamic education is needed as a reminder and bearer of good news to humans so that they are always obedient and obedient to Allah's commands to be able to be a caliph who is able to preserve the environment on earth along with other creatures.
COMPUTER MEDIATED COMMUNICATION (CMC) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Amin Risma Fahrul
Published: December 2020

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has produced many breakthroughs especially the appearance of communication platforms that gave colour to English learning in Indonesia. Therefore computers are very useful in language class, although basically computers are only tools for mediating student’s communication in English learning. This paper describes Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) in English learning.
MORAL ANALYSIS IN THE ANIMATED FILMS OF NUSA RARA AND UPIN IPIN AS EDUCATIONAL SHOWS
Authors: Rahmayanti Wiga , Hariandi Ahmad , Wati Nopia
Published: December 2020

This study aims to analyze and describe the moral values contained in the Nusa and Rara animations as well as the Upin and Ipin cartoons. This research is a qualitative descriptive research using a sample entitled from the animation film Nussa and Rara and the cartoon Upin Ipin with content analysis techniques. The data in this study contain religious and moral values contained in the animation of Nusa and Rara and Upin and Ipin cartoon. From this research, the results are religious and moral values in form of “adab” before going to bed, eating manners, saying “basmallah”, alms, keeping doing, doing good deeds, tolerance and help, not being arrogant, keeping words, praying on time, brotherhood, honesty, loving animals, respect, responsibility, justice, tolerance, self-discipline, caring for others, courage and democratization. The animation of Nussa Rara as well as the cartoon of Upin and Ipin are highly requested to be watched by children because it contains many religious and moral values in accordance with the national culture and Islam
CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING (CPS)-BASED ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT FOR CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY ON STOICHIOMETRY MATERIALS
Authors: Agustini Agustini , Rery R. Usman , Anwar Lenny
Published: December 2020

TThe purpose of this study is to design Creative Problem Solving (CPS)-based assessment instrument for critical thinking ability on stoichiometry materials. The method of development utilized in this study is Research and Development (RD) adapted from Borg Gall Model which consists of 10 development steps. However, In this study, only up to the third stage, namely the initial product development stage of the assessment instrument for the critical thinking ability of students based on CPS on Stoichiometric material. The main target in the final result of this research is to design a valid CPS-based critical thinking ability assessment instrument on Stoichiometry material that is valid so that it is suitable for use. The assessment instrument developed produced 10 items which were declared valid and reliable with a reliability price of 0.749. The CPS-based critical thinking ability assessment instrument provides more comprehensive information about the characteristics of the instrument that has been developed.
STUDENT'S NUMERICAL ABILITY PROFILE REVIEWED BY GENDER
Authors: Salim Salim , Masi La , Fauziah Wa Ode
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to describe the numerical abilities of male and female students in grade VIII of SMP Negeri 10 Kendari; and to analyze the differences in numerical abilities of male and female students in grade VIII of SMP Negeri 10 Kendari. This type of research is quantitative descriptive research with the population in this study is all grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 10 Kendari which number 157 students. Sampling using total sampling techniques selected a sample of 157 students as well. Data collection techniques use students' numerical ability tests. Based on the results of the data analysis and discussion obtained conclusions: (1) numerical ability reviewed gender for grade VIII students of State Junior High School 10 Kendari is in the low category of both male and female students; (2) no difference in the numerical ability of Grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 10 Kendari is reviewed by gender.
OBJECTIVES AND GOALS POLICY OF GURU GARIS DEPAN PROGRAM TO IMPROVE THE BASIC EDUCATION QUALITY
Authors: Fitriyani Fitriyani , Sudjanto Bedjo , Suryadi Suryadi , Matin Matin
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to obtain the results of the evaluation of the input for the GGD program related to the participants, the committee, and the GGD technical guidance. The research method is descriptive qualitative because this research wants to get input information from the GGD program policies. Data collection techniques used open interviews, documents, and documentation studies. Data sources are the GTK Directorate, Kemdikbud, Head of the Ministry of Education and Culture's HR Bureau, the GGD committee. The data analysis technique used data triangulation. The results of the study concluded that the GGD participants had followed a series of procedures stipulated in the GGD policies, the committee had set requirements according to the needs of the GGD implementation, and technical guidance was provided so that the GGD participants were ready to work in the 3T areas. All the resources involved in the GGD program, from the central to the participating regions, did this program well. The results of the study recommended providing activities that can improve the professionalism of GGD participants
MATHEMATICAL QUESTIONING ABILITY OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Zhang Xiangjie , Fu Hailun
Published: December 2020

This study aims to investigate students' mathematical questioning ability in junior high school students.  The new phase of curriculum reform in China requires cultivating students 'innovative enthusiasm and practical abilities to some extent, the development of students' innovative abilities, which are prominently manifested in student inquiry learning. One of which is students' ability to ask questions. This research uses quantitative methods. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. A questionnaire to 80 junior high school students studied mathematics, and the reasons for the learning questions were analyzed. Data were taken in 2018 and 2019. Describe the motivation and resilience of junior high school students' math questioning abilities. They are trying to find ways to effectively improve junior high school students' math questioning skills. This study indicates that the frequency of asking students is still low, students still believe that the teacher is always right and never deny that the teacher teaches what is wrong. In further research, further research can be carried out on how to increase the frequency of student questions in teaching and learning activities
High lichen species richness in Polylepis australis forest: new records from South America and Argentina
Authors: Rodriguez Juan Manuel , Diaz Dominguez Raúl , Mayrhofer Helmut , Passo Alfredo , Renison Daniel
Published: December 2020

The Polylepis australis forests in Central Argentina support a great biodiversity in a relative small area. As a result of this study focusing on the diversity and ecology of the lichen communities of these forests, we present five new species for South America: Rinodina ficta, R. malcolmii, R. obscura, Usnea glabrata, Tetramelas triphragmioides and eight taxa new for Argentina: Calicium abietinum, Erioderma leylandii subsp. leylandii, Leptogium microstictum, Phaeophyscia endococcinodes, Rinodina dolichospora, R. intermedia, Usnea cirrosa and U. flavocardia. Unidentified Usnea species, similar to U. silesiaca, were also characterized and discussed.
Type studies on Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) with salazinic acid
Authors: Spielmann Adriano Afonso , Marcelli Marcelo Pinto
Published: December 2020

The species of Parmotrema with salazinic acid were revised, based on the types of the accepted names, as well as their synonyms. Descriptions for 66 species are given and the synonymy, chemistry, distribution and taxonomic affinities of each species discussed. Three new species are described: Parmotrema austromaculatum sp. nov., P. bifidum sp. nov. and P. clercianum sp. nov. One new combination in Parmelinella is made, P. afrocetrata comb. nov., as well as 13 new combinations in Parmotrema: P. acanthifolium comb. nov., P. concors comb. nov., P. foliolosum comb. nov., P. granulare comb. nov., P. lividotessellatum comb. nov., P. magnum comb. nov., P. maximum comb. nov., P. nudum comb. nov., P. petropoliense comb. nov., P. radiatum comb. nov., P. reterimulosum comb. nov., P. sieberi comb. nov. and P. warmingii comb. nov. One new name, Parmotrema elixii nom. nov. is proposed for Rimelia pustulata. Two lectotypifications are made: Parmotrema erubescens and P. ruminatum. Twelve taxa remain without definite status and are included in the nomina inquirenda.
Chrysothrix bergeri (Ascomycota: Arthoniales: Chrysothricaceae), a new lichen species from the southeastern United States, the Caribbean, and Bermuda
Authors: LaGreca Scott
Published: December 2020

A crustose lichen species new to science – previously characterized in the literature but unnamed – is formally described. This new species, Chrysothrix bergeri sp. nov., ranges from the southeastern United States southwards to the Caribbean islands (Bahamas and Cuba) and eastwards to Bermuda. It is most easily confused with C. xanthina, from which it differs in both chemistry and ascospore shape. Bilimbia aurata and Bilimbia stevensoni are both confirmed as synonyms of C. xanthina. A lectotype is selected for Bilimbia aurata. Solvent E is recommended for the chromatographic separation of leprapinic and pinastric acids – two lichen secondary products critical for diagnosing certain species of Chrysothrix, including C. bergeri.
Biodiversity and ecology of lichens of Kenai Fjords National Park, Alaska
Authors: McCune Bruce , Arup Ulf , Breuss Othmar , Di Meglio Elisa , Di Meglio Joseph , Esslinger Theodore L. , Miadlikowska Jolanta , Miller Amy E. , Rosentreter Roger , Schultz Matthias , Sheard John , Tønsberg Tor , Walton James
Published: December 2020

We inventoried lichens in Kenai Fjords National Park in Alaska, USA We assembled the known information on occurrence and ecology of lichens in this park by combining field, herbarium, and literature studies. Our results provide baseline data on lichen occurrence that may be used in resource condition assessments, vulnerability assessments, long-term ecological monitoring, and resource management. We report a total of 616 taxa of lichenized fungi from the Park, plus an additional five subspecies and three varieties, all of which are new additions to the National Park Service database for this park unit. An additional five species of nonlichenized lichenicolous fungi are reported here. Eight non-lichenized fungi that are traditionally treated with lichens are also included, most of these associated with bark of particular host species. Four taxa new to North America are reported here (Arctomia delicatula var. acutior, Aspicilia dudinensis, Myriospora myochroa, and Ochrolechia bahusiensis), along with 44 species new to Alaska. Numerous species have been confirmed using ITS barcoding sequences. Also several records assigned to the genus level are reported, many of those are likely new species.
Extremus adstrictus from a dolomite wall in Poland: the first report outside Mallorca
Authors: Owczarek-Kościelniak Magdalena
Published: December 2020

Most species belonging to the Extremaceae family are rock-inhabiting fungi (RIF), which have a deteriorative potential towards colonized substrate. Extremus adstrictus originally isolated from limestone formations in Mallorca is reported from a dolomite wall in Poland. It is the first non-Spanish documented occurrence of this species. Identification of the strain is supported by morphological and molecular analyses. Sequences of uncharacterized fungal cultures and environmental data are analyzed in order to verify probable distribution of Extremus adstrictus.
EFFECT OF FAN’S PARAMETERS ON ADHESION MECHANISM OF THRESHED RAPE MIXTURE TO CLEANING SIEVE
Authors: Tao Zhang , Yaoming Li , Lizhang Xu , Yiren Qing
Published: December 2020

In order to reduce the adhesion of moist threshed rape mixture and cleaning sieve, a method named “Hot-airflow Cleaning” has been proposed. Firstly, the key factors influencing anti-adhesion property were obtained based on the theoretical analysis. They were temperature, wind speed and fan inclination. Then, based on the single-factor experiments, the proper temperature of the fan was 30-50oC, the proper wind speed and inclination of the fan were 2-4 m/s and 15-45°, respectively. Finally, the fan’s parameters were optimized by Box-Behnken design. The results showed that the optimum technological parameters were temperature of 50 oC, a wind speed of 4 m/s and that fan inclination was 45°. This research could provide a reference for the improvement of cleaning system for rape combine harvesters.
ANALYSIS OF VISUAL NAVIGATION EXTRACTION ALGORITHM
OF FARM ROBOT BASED ON DARK PRIMARY COLOUR
Authors: Hou Zhongkun
Published: December 2020

With the development of information technology, precision agriculture has also ushered in new development prospects. The use of farm robots to accurately identify the navigation path is of great significance for achieving accurate positioning of agriculture. In this study, when analysing the extraction algorithm of farm robot visual navigation based on dark primary colours, a method for pre-processing and edge detection of farmland images based on dark primary colours is proposed. At the same time, the least square method of linear fitting is used for the navigation path of agricultural robot, and then the fitting program is executed. On this basis, combined with the actual situation of outdoor farming and greenhouse cultivation of crops, the effectiveness of the robotic visual navigation extraction algorithm was verified. The research results show that for any form of farmland cultivation, image extraction technology based on dark primary colours can effectively distinguish between soil and crops, and the visual navigation path of farm robots fitted with least squares is basically linear, which is consistent with the commonly used crops for farm planting. The legal route is basically the same, and then the effectiveness of the extraction algorithm is verified. It is hoped that this study will provide a certain reference and reference for the analysis of the field navigation robot visual navigation extraction algorithm based on dark primary colours.
STUDY ON TEMPERATURE FIELD OF ASYMMETRIC LARGE-SPAN ARCH SHEDS UNDER LOW-TEMPERATURE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Zhou Kai , Meng Zhiwei , Hou Jialin , Wei Min , Jin Tianguo , Li Tianhua
Published: December 2020

In order to improve the effective sunshine time, heat storage capacity and temperature distribution uniformity of traditional arch shed under low temperature, this paper designed a large-span arch shed which has larger sunny side span and east-west orientation. According to the numerical and measured data, it is concluded that the heat storage capacity and temperature distribution of asymmetrical arch shed are better than those of symmetrical arch shed within a certain range of the ratio between sunny and shaded side. After that, ten different asymmetric arch sheds were designed. It is concluded that the structure of 11+9 m along north-south direction has the best heat storage capacity. Besides that, the analysis of outside wind speed and opening size of top vent were carried out. It is found that the outside wind and top vent can effectively promote convection and exchange of the air, and then achieve the purpose of reducing the temperature. At the end of this paper, in order to identify the relationship of temperature with the structure of arch shed, outside wind speed, and opening size of top vent, a mathematical model was built based on response surface methodology, which would provide theoretical guidance for the design of arch sheds.
ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION ON THE PROCESS OF ADJUSTABLE DOUBLE DRUM CASTOR SHELLING BASED ON DISCRETE ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: Hou Junming , Zhu Hongjie , Li Jinpeng , Yao Enchao , Hu Weixue
Published: December 2020

The shelling stress of the castor capsule is difficult to obtain by experiments, which is vital for the design of the key components for the shelling machine. The stress analysis of the shelling process of the castor capsule is carried out. In this study, the typical variety castor Tongbi 11 is taken as the research object, and the model of castor shelling is established. The stress and rate of shelling removal of the inner drum are analysed. The effects of size optimization on the shelling results were analysed. The shelling machine was designed for the experiment. In the condition of the highest rate of shelling, the size of the outer drum is maintained, and the inner drum angle is 4.5. The length of the drum is 605mm. At this time, the shelling rate is 96.42 %, which is 0.39 % different from the fitting value. This study provides theoretical support for the design and parameter optimization of the castor shelling machine and its key components.
INFLUENCE OF THE SWEEP ANGLE OF THE CROSS KNIFE OPENER ON SOIL DISTURBANCE
Authors: Guo Chengcheng , Li Guohua , Zhang Junchang , Jin Xiunan , Xue Jingfeng , He Chenxi , Lu Liquan
Published: December 2020

The cross-slot opener is a new type of seeding opener. The sweep angle, which is a key structural parameter of the cross knife, has an important influence on soil disturbance. In this paper, discrete element method and tracer method are used to study the conditions of working speed of 0.83m/s and ditching depth of 130mm, the sweep angles of the transverse knife are 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, 40°, respectively. The influence of time opener on soil disturbance and working resistance. The simulation analysis of the operation process of the cross groove opener shows that the trenching process under different sweep angles of the transverse knife is basically the same, and the standing knife is the main cause of soil disturbance; both the tracer method and the simulation results show the surface and shallow soil particle disturbance. The proportional and horizontal working resistance first decrease and then increase with the increase of the sweep angle of the cross-slot opener. When the sweep angle of the cross-slot opener is 20°, the micro-disturbance of soil particles and the horizontal work resistance are the least; The relative error of the soil disturbance ratio obtained by the tracer method and the discrete element method are both within 15%, and the relative error of the horizontal working resistance is 6.5%. The established discrete element simulation model can more accurately simulate the soil disturbance process of the cross-slot opener.
NUMERICAL 3D ANALYSIS OF A MINI WIND TURBINE WITH HORIZONTAL AXIS, FOR IMPLEMENTATION IN AGRICULTURAL FARMS
Authors: Ipate George , Constantin Gabriel Alexandru , Biris Sorin Stefan , Voicu Gheorghe , Rusanescu Carmen Otilia , Stefan Vasilica
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this paper is the numerical study of the effects of the fluid interaction with the blades of the working bodies of the renewable energy conversion systems. The paper presents the results of numerical research regarding the influence of the blade shape (straight), the number of blades (2, 3, 4) or the wind speed in the area on the output power of the small capacity wind turbines. The validation of the simulation data was performed by comparison with the experimental data obtained on a Windtrainer Junior laboratory wind energy system. Computed power coefficients are in good agreement with the experimental results. Increasing the efficiency of energy conversion for small wind turbines for their implementation in green farms represents a significant step in the concept of sustainable rural development.
MODELLING OF INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC FACTORS ON PRODUCTIVITY OF GRAIN CROPS (ON MATERIALS OF UDMURTIYA)
Authors: Rysin I.I. , Akmarov P.B. , Knyazeva O.P.
Published: December 2020

Dynamics of change of productivity of grain crops of Udmurtiya from 1913 for 2018 in interrelation with changes of environmental conditions in agrarian branch of region is shown. Tendencies of development of plant growing are revealed and influence of meteorological indicators on efficiency of agriculture is proved. Correlation communications of productivity grain with a temperature mode and water supply during the separate periods of growth of plants are considered. Are received regress models of various kinds for forecasting of productivity and the role of each climatic factor in these models is estimated. On this basis the basic natural factors of formation of a grain yield are revealed. On the basis of the analysis of time numbers of meteorological indicators on temperatures and deposits during the summer period the equations of a trend which on a long-term interval prove laws of growth of daily average temperature and monthly average deposits are received. Existence of cyclic components in changes of temperature and deposits is simultaneously revealed, and also periodicity of these cycles is calculated. Possibilities of application of the received models for the decision of administrative problems are shown.
IMAGE OF THE TERRITORY: QUESTIONS OF CONCEPTUAL AND TERMINOLOGICAL SYSTEMATIZATION AND FORMATION
Authors: Balina T.A. , Stolbov V.A. , Chekmeneva L.Yu. , Melnikov E.R.
Published: December 2020

The article reveals the theoretical aspects of studying the image of a territorial entity as the basis for building up regional capital, establishing a positive status and reputation of a region as a new resource for its development. Consideration of the territory as an object-subject participant in the formation of the image is closely connected with the processes of globalization, the reduction and devaluation of the role of traditional development resources, the expansion of the boundaries of a single information space. The authors consider three main approaches to defining the image in general and the image of the territory: socio-psychological, semiotic-geosophical and marketing. With regard to the territory, the use of the terms "image", "brand", "symbol", "reputation", etc. requires a clear distinction. The purpose of the study is to reveal the fundamental differences between these concepts, the features of their similarity, subordination on the basis of spatio-temporal, epistemological, mental approaches. Thus, the image of a territory (country, region, locality and place) is interpreted as a mental structure (a set of ideas), including reputation, brands and symbols associated with the territory, purposefully formed under the influence of information communications. The similarity of the territory image management algorithm with the corporate and corporate brand management scheme is emphasized. Special attention is paid to the problem of forming the image of the Perm region. the article reveals the role of the Museum of Antiquities in the formation and promotion of the image of the Kama region.
PROBLEMS OF LEGAL LIABILITY OF THE EMPLOYER (ACCORDING TO ARTICLE 145.1 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION)
Authors: Alimova A.I.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the analysis of a crime, providing for liability for non-payment of wages and social benefits (article 145.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). The issues of cross-sector differentiation of employers' liability for non-payment of wages (material, administrative, criminal liability) are considered. A comparative analysis of the specifics of employers' legal liability for non-payment of wages and other payments was made in terms of criminal, criminal procedural, administrative and labor legislation of the Russian Federation, which revealed a large number of problems that need to be resolved. In general, the analysis of earlier studies on this problem shows positive dynamics of resolution of theoretical and applied problems, but at the same time there are issues that have not yet been resolved, in particular, the identification of features of objective and subjective features of the crime under Article 145.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. It is pointed out that it is necessary to formulate and evaluate proposals on qualification of a crime under Article 145.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, define criteria for delimitation of the crime under Article 145.1 of the Criminal Code from related and competing crimes, which will make it possible to formulate proposals on the new version of Article 145.1 of the Criminal Code based on the provisions and conclusions of the research.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS: THEORETICAL AND LEGAL PROBLEMS OF DIFFERENTIATION OF THE CONCEPTUAL APPARATUS
Authors: Begishev I.R. , Khisamova Z.I.
Published: December 2020

A distinction is made between such concepts as “robotics” and “artificial intelligence”. These categories are not only multi-volume, but also semantically non-falling. After analyzing the conceptual apparatus of these terms, we can conclude that, in contrast to the first, the second is characterized by the presence of “intelligence”, self-development, etc. However, when discussing the legal status of robots and artificial intelligence, most scientists allow confusion of concepts, making attempts to justify the need to confer a legal status on robots, and not artificial intelligence. The question of considering robots and artificial intelligence as subjects of law, in principle, can be considered justified. However, it is premature to consider this issue, but the topic will not lose its relevance in the future. Among the currently available approaches to the consideration of robots and artificial intelligence as subjects of law, the path constructed by analogy with a legal entity from the point of view of the theory of fiction is the most justified. Approaches that offer to justify the legal personality of robots and artificial intelligence, taking into account the essence of animate subjects who have a real, and not just a formal legal will, will be developed only after the development of digital technologies reaches an objectively high level. When implementing these approaches, it is necessary to take into account the existence of legal and economic validity and social conditionality, as well as a possible theoretical and legal problem, the essence of which is as follows: if new legal entities with legal personality are introduced, the level of responsibility of professional market participants may decrease.
ANALYSIS OF JUDICIAL PRACTICE IN CASES OF THE REMOVAL OF LAND PLOTS FROM THE CADASTRAL REGISTRATION
Authors: Zemlyakova G.L.
Published: December 2020

The need to remove a land plot from the cadastral register may be due to various factors. Often, the rights holders of land plots are faced with the problem of the impossibility of specifying their boundaries due to the intersection with the boundaries of other land plots, including those without owners. Or, for example, the owner of a de facto non-existent land plot cannot exercise his rights and obligations in relation to it. Accordingly, the removal of the disputed land plots from the cadastral registration in these cases could solve the problem. However, the legislation regulating this sphere of relations often does not allow removing the disputed land plot from the cadastral register and thereby protecting their rights to interested parties. The article analyzes the judicial practice on the removal of land plots from the cadastral registration, considers the most typical situations and makes recommendations on the choice of appropriate ways to protect the rights of interested parties.
CONSENSUAL GAMES IN NETWORK WARS AND THE IMPLANT PHENOMENON
Authors: Bakshutova E.V.
Published: December 2020

This article summarizes the author's research experience in 2018-2020 on the possibility of script implantation in online discussions of an aggressive nature to prevent their destructive impact on personality and social consent. At this stage, script implantation is conceptualized by us as network peacekeeping to reduce the level of aggression in communications. The work analyzes how peacemaking is presented in scientific literature of various directions - military, philosophical, political science, conflictological, and it is revealed that the psychological aspects of peacekeeping are of increasing interest, since the practice of peacekeeping is fraught with many problems. Moreover, the practice of network peacemaking as work with language and group sociocognitive psychology is offered for the first time. The study was conducted in 2018-2020 in the Russian-speaking sector of the social network Facebook. It is shown that the analysis of 5022 comments in 2018, 2458 - in 2019, 3139 - in 2020 allows identifying such trigger topics of online discussions as “It is good or bad to be Russian”, “President of Russia”, “Ukraine”, “Protests”. Social issues: the problems of pensioners, childhood, medicine, education - are discussed, but with less intensity. Summarizing the experience of search experiments, the author shows in which categories and subcategories such phenomena as collective fears, resentment, aggression, separatism and terrorism are represented. Work on creating script templates for networked peacekeeping is noted. An expert assessment of the selected texts allows us to assert that the management of triggered discussions is possible. The research is financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Humanities, project no. 18-013-00171 А.
THE EU ECONOMY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC CRISIS. IRELAND’s CASE
Authors: Mekhonoshina Yu.A.
Published: December 2020

In 2008 the world faced a powerful economic crisis, which led to significant problems in the EU. Some states, such us Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece and Spain, were on the verge of default. In such conditions the EU had to take appropriate measures to save European countries. The author reviewed the measures which concerned Ireland. At the beginning of the century Irish economy showed rapid growth. But in 2010 the default threatened “The Celtic tiger”. It was conditioned by the collapse of mortgage landing system and the rapid outflow of foreign capital. As far as Ireland participates in the euro zone the other European countries are interested in the stabilization of Ireland’s economy. All measures of saving Ireland’s economy could be divided to two groups. The first group includes the measures taken by the government of Ireland. This is state financing of bank sphere, which was done without being agreed with the EU (moreover, the European council reacted negatively), and changing of tax rate approved by the EU. The second group is represented by the measures of European institutes. It includes preferential credits and suppression of sanctions for violation of Maastricht criterion in exchange for austerity budget. In Ireland’s case such policy doesn’t seem really effective. The level of Ireland’s budget deficit is more than 3 % of GDP and its current economic growth does not permit to redeem the loans. Economic problems provide political instability, that’s why Ireland’s government cannot elaborate long-term financial policy. Though European institutes managed to find consensus between different national interests, the EU needs no less than 15 years to return to pre-depression economic level.
Narración y argumentación en el discurso político argentino actual
Authors: Qués María Elena
Published: December 2020

Todo discurso político tiene, entre sus componentes centrales, series de relatos –lo biográfico, la historia del colectivo de referencia, la historia nacional o internacional, etc.– orientados a fortalecer diversos aspectos de la estrategia discursiva de quien los enuncia. El análisis de esta dimensión requiere marcos teóricos interdisciplinarios que cruzan la historiografía, la teoría literaria, la semiótica y el análisis del discurso. En este caso, el análisis toma el anuncio del lanzamiento de la candidatura del actual presidente, Alberto Fernández, por parte de la ex presidente Cristina Kirchner. Las narrativas esbozadas en el texto conforman una red de valor retórico y argumentativo de especial significación en la coyuntura política en que se publicó el discurso analizado.
Breve historia topológica del mundo: del muro a la red
Authors: Leone Massimo
Published: December 2020

El artículo propone una comprensión topológica del discurso político actual. La semiosfera, es decir, el espacio conceptual dentro del cual vive una cultura como un conjunto de dinámicas de significado, está constantemente llena de procesos de agregación y desintegración de comunidades. La evolución tecnológica acompaña, expresa y altera esta tensión. En el período medieval, las comunidades se formaban y deshacían alrededor de fronteras geográficas: las personas se mataban entre sí por la posesión de un terreno fértil o de un acceso al mar. En la modernidad, la lucha por las fronteras físicas se mantuvo, pero se entrelazó inextricablemente con el conflicto de ideologías: fronteras hechas de palabras y creencias dividieron a la Europa católica y protestante en líneas que se superpondrían y complicarían las de las fronteras geográficas. En la modernidad, se hizo más difícil representar confines, separar los propios de los demás, ya que sistemas de fronteras de diferentes órdenes comenzaron a cruzar sus líneas: en el mismo país, en la misma ciudad, incluso en la misma familia vivirían y a menudo se odiarían católicos y protestantes. La complicación ha explotado en la posmodernidad, especialmente con la producción de significado en una semiosfera cada vez más digital. Las comunidades continúan existiendo, pero mediante sistemas de membresía de intensidad variable, en los que los miembros están dentro y fuera de las líneas divisorias, de acuerdo con los registros ideológicos adoptados.
El discurso político
Authors: Fabbri Paolo , Marcarino Aurelia
Published: December 2020

Este artículo analiza en detalle algunas de las categorías semióticas más importantes para describir el discurso político. Modalidades como “puede”, “saber” y “debería” se integran en una perspectiva estratégica. Este tipo de discurso puede analizarse en una perspectiva textual, que debe incluir –en la teoría de Austin– los actos de habla, los actos de lingüística performativa y la fuerza ilocucionaria. Se muestra el desempeño y las competencias de los actores políticos. Los enunciados políticos son el resultado de una serie de interacciones semióticas, con el fin de manipular, seducir y convencer a la audiencia. La construcción de legitimidad y autoridad es el resultado de una compleja estrategia de discurso.
Los signos de la nueva política. Configuración sistémica, producción semiótica y estrategia discursiva
Authors: Ríos Félix J.
Published: December 2020

Aproximación a la estrategia, los referentes y la acción del partido político Podemos. Las teorías sistémicas han construido en las últimas décadas un conjunto sólido de conceptos y procedimientos para el análisis semiótico en el campo social. Esta corriente teórica se utilizará para estudiar el funcionamiento y las condiciones de producción de la nueva estructura sociopolítica. La investigación tiene como objetivo explicar las razones del auge y la caída de un proyecto que quería cambiar el sistema dominante sin que haya alcanzado sus objetivos hasta ahora. El trabajo se centrará en los nuevos procesos de significación creados. La metodología se sustenta en tres líneas específicas que tienen conexiones obvias: la socio-semiótica de Greimas, la semiótica de la cultura de Lotman y la teoría de los polisistemas de Even-Zohar.
Concepções de professores dos cursos de Química sobre as atividades experimentais e o Ensino Remoto Emergencial
Authors: Silva Francislainy Natália da , Silva Raniele Aparecida da , Renato Giovanna de Amorim , Suart Rita de Cássia
Published: December 2020

Devido ao distanciamento social adotado em todo o mundo, a fim de amenizar os efeitos da pandemia da COVID-19, houve a necessidade de adequação do modo de vida de todas as pessoas, inclusive nas instituições de ensino, sejam da educação básica ou do ensino superior. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar as concepções de professores universitários sobre as atividades experimentais e as dificuldades enfrentadas por eles para o seu desenvolvimento durante o Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE). Para tanto, durante os meses de maio a julho de 2020, foram elaborados dois questionários on-line, que abordaram questões relacionadas às atividades experimentais e ao ERE, e encaminhados aos professores responsáveis por ministrar disciplinas experimentais do curso de Química de uma universidade mineira. Através dos resultados, evidenciou-se que a maioria dos professores apontaram concepções muito simplistas sobre as atividades experimentais, ainda centradas na manipulação de vidrarias e comprovação de teorias. Ainda, eles mencionaram que as maiores dificuldades enfrentadas no ERE são o acesso restrito à internet, a alta demanda de atividades nesse período e a dificuldade que os estudantes apresentaram em desenvolver a autonomia no processo de ensino e aprendizagem.