bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP KESEHATAN MENTAL PADA REMAJA
Authors: Aisyah Fitriah  , Dzaky Juliansyah  , Umi Salamah  , M Anugrah Utama  , Opie Karunia Falah  , Aseh Miati
Published: December 2023

Adolescent mental health affected by social media is a topic that has been much debated in recent years.  The high use of social media makes these channels an important element in the process of adolescent development.  Social media is often considered to have a negative impact on adolescents.  The use of social media is considered to have a risk for adolescent psychosocial deviations, such as self-esteem, ideal body image, and adolescent identity.  In addition, social media is also related to issues regarding cyberbullying, easier access to pornography, and sexting behavior or exchanging messages of a sexual nature.  This study uses a quantitative research approach with respect to numerical or numerical data.  This study aims to find out and reveal whether there is a relationship or not and to find out how much influence there is between two variables, namely the use of social media and the mental health of social media users in Indonesia. And the results in this study are the results of the gender comparison test in social media research where men are more dominant in using social media than women, and the results of mental health are women who are more dominant in feeling mental health or mental health than men.  the results of the comparative test in the study of the influence of social media on the mental health of adolescents with a comparison test according to age are 21-25 years old, who are equally dominant in using social media and experiencing mental health compared to other ages.
SMARTPHONE ADIKSI PADA REMAJA SEBAGAI DETERMINAN PERILAKU AGRESIF
Authors: Desi Purnamasari Siregar  , Tria Angelina  , Mutia Sultari  , Natasya Alya Putri  , Haris Munandar  , Didi Yusup  , Nur Aini  , Yurida Ajmalia
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the impact of smartphone addiction on aggressive behavior. The number of respondents who participated in the research were 127 students and youth aged 17-22 years. This research is a quantitative research method by filling out questionnaires that are carried out on the Google form that is distributed. The target respondents are students and youth. In this study, it can be obtained that the significant values ​​of smartphone addiction and aggressive behavior are 0.36 and 0.53. Which means the spread of data for the two variables is normally distributed because of the requirement for a data distribution to be said to be normal if the significant value is more than 0.05. based on the research results, the smartphone addiction variable has a subject variation of 5,756 and a mean value of 42.46. Furthermore, the aggressive behavior variable has a subject variation of 6,352 with a mean of 34.97. So, it can be explained that smartphone addiction and aggressive behavior are at a moderate level.
 
Peneitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dari penggunaan smartphone addiction terhadap perilaku agesif. Jumlah responden yang berpatisipasi dalam peneitian sebanyak 127 mahasiswa dan remaja yang berusia dari 17-22 tahun.  Penelitian ini merupakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pengisian kuisioner yang dilakukan di google form yang disebarkan. Target respondennya yaitu, mahasiswa dan remaja. Pada penelitian ini dapat diperoleh bahwa nilai signifikan smartphone addiction dan perilaku agresif yaitu 0.36 dan 0.53. Yang berarti penyebaran data untuk kedua variabel tersebut terdistribusi normal karena syarat agar sebuah distribusi data dikatakan normal jika nilai signifikannya lebih dari 0.05. berdasarkan hasil penelitian variabel smartphone addiction memiliki variasi subjek sebesar 5.756 dan nilai mean sebesar 42.46 Selanjutnya, variabel perilaku agresif variasi subjek sebesar 6.352 dengan mean sebesar 34.97. Maka, dapat disimpulkan bahwa smartpone addiction dan perilaku agresif yaitu ada pada tingkat sedang.
KEMANDIRIAN SEBAGAI FAKTOR PENENTU KEPERCAYAAN DIRI REMAJA
Authors: Sheilla Alma Tasya  , Syah Farizki Azmi  , Nadhia Putri  , Astried Adawiyah Vitaloka  , Nabila Sultan Syakinah  , Syahirah Rizki Anila  , Arman Duwiwijaya
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kemandirian dan kepercayaan diri pada remaja. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai bulan Mei 2023. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 116 Mahasiswa di UIN Raden Fatah Palembang. Analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan google form. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah skala kepercayaan diri dan skala kemandirian. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,001 dengan taraf signifikan 0,000 (p=0,000) artinya terdapat hubungan antara variabel kemandirian dengan kepercayaan diri dimana hubungan antar variabel adalah searah. Oleh karena itu semakin tinggi tingkat kemadirian seseorang maka semakin tinggi pula tingkat kepercayaan diri seseorang.
TINGKAT KECEMASAN AKADEMIK PADA SISWA DITINJAU DARI PERBEDAAN GENDER
Authors: Fazila Farrasia  , Dela Safira  , Susmita Hairul  , Sigi Pegi Ramadhani  , Zakiyya Asroh Yulandari
Published: December 2023

Kecemasan akademik adalah perasaan khawatir yang berlebihan terhadap kinerja akademik, kurikulum pendidikan, hasil ujian, atau tugas-tugas sekolah (Mahajan, 2015; Milgram & Toubiana, 1999). Kecemasan digambarkan oleh Epstein (1972) sebagai suatu keadaan di mana seseorang merasa terancam karena takut akan sesuatu yang dianggap tidak dapat diselesaikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian ini juga melibatkan siswa SMA di Kota Palembang sebagai partisipan sebanyak 154 siswa dengan rata-rata usia partisipan 14-17 tahun atau kelas 10-12 SMA. Mariam et al (dalam Danu et al., 2021) menyatakan bahwa faktor jenis kelamin dapat memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap tingkat kecemasan seseorang. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa perempuan memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk mengalami kecemasan dibandingkan laki-laki, dengan perbedaan otak dan hormonal menjadi faktor penyebab utama.
Analisis Sistem Keuangan Santri Putra Pondok Pesantren Banyuanyar Potoan Daya ‎Palengaan Pamekasan
Authors: Ruslan Mohammad
Published: December 2023

Pondok pesantren merupakan lembaga pendidikan Islam dengan sistem asrama atau pondok, yang mana kyai menjadi figur sentral, masjid sebagai pusat kegiatan yang menjiwainya, dan pengajaran agama Islam di bawah bimbingan seorang kyai yang diikuti santri sebagai kegiatan utamanya. Pondok Pesantren juga merupakan organisasi nirlaba yang bergerak dibidang pendidikan dan keagamaan. Tidak hanya dalam pendidikan, organisasi nirlaba juga mengelola keuangan untuk mencapai tujuan yang telah ditetapkan dan tidak menguntungkan satu pihak. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan berupa Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yaitu  mengumpulkan data dan menggambarkan data dengan apa adanya tanpa menambah atau menguranginya. Diharapkan pondok pesantren dan pihak yang membutuhkan dapat memudahkan dalam mengakses informasi dan pengetahuan tentang pencatatan serta penyusunan laporan keuangan pondok yang benar dan sesuai dengan standar yang berlaku.
PELUANG BISNIS ONLINESHOP DI ERA DIGITAL BAGI MAHASISWA INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NAZHATUT THULLAB SAMPANG
Authors: Hadi Nasrul
Published: December 2023

Tidak dapat dipungkiri, era digital saat ini melaju melebihi perkiraan manusia. Hal ini sangat berdampak kepada dunia usaha yang cukup signifikan. Dulu mayoritas masyarakat terkendala biaya modal untuk tempat dan bahan yang tidak sedikit. Namun setelah perkembangan teknologi cukup pesat yang dimanfaatkan dengan baik, maka hanya butuh kepercayaan diri dan menguasai cara komunikasi baik kepada pembeli melalui media sosial seperti Shopee, Lazada, Tiktok Shop dan platform lainnya. Tentunya hal itu menjadi peluang emas bagi generasi muda untuk membangun bisnis dengan baik pada semua platform digital. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji lebih dalam mengenai peluang bisnis Online Shop melalui perangkat digital bagi mahasiswa IAI Nata secara khusus, dan masyarakat umum untuk menumbuhkan inovasi dan inisiatif dalam dunia usaha. Penelitian menggunakan metode Kualitatif Fenomenologis, dengan tujuan memahami peristiwa dan perilaku dalam kondisi tertentu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan platform digital memberikan ruang bagi masyarakat untuk membangun usaha secara mandiri. Beberapa rekomendasi hal yang harus dimiliki mahasiswa yaitu: kompetensi wirausaha, kecakapan komunikasi dan melek media. Ada beberapa tantangan yang harus dihadapi yakni persaingan ketat, disiplin memperbaharui pengetahuan, privasi pelanggan, perilaku konsumen dengan cerdas, lalu regulasi pemerintah yang sering berubah, pengembangan kompetensi wirausaha, pengembangan komunikasi dalam berwirausaha, pemahaman algoritma media social dan peningkatan kemampuan wirausaha menjadi bekal generasi muda dalam wirausaha berbasis digital.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERHITUNG MELALUI KARTU ANGKA VARIASI DI KELOMPOK B TK AQRA ATIKAH PALEMBANG
Authors: Mery Idayanti  , Ita Wulan Sari  , Hasan Moh
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peningkatan kemampuan kognitif melalui pemberian kartu angka bervariasi pada anak PAUD Kelompok B di TK Aqra Atikah Palembang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek penelitian ini adalah kelompok B di TK Aqra Atikah Palembang yang berjumlah 20 anak yang terdiri dari 7 perempuan dan 13 laki-laki. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan dokumentasi. Adapun indikator yang digunakan adalah perhatian saat mendengar penjelasan guru, dapat menyebutkan penjumlahan bilangan, dapat menceritakan kembali cerita yang dibacakan guru dan kesanggupan anak dalam mengerjakan tugas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya peningkatan kreativitas anak melalui penggunaan “Kartu angka variasi” yaitu dari 20 anak pada siklus pertama, 7 orang anak mendapat nilai 35% dengan kategori belum berkembang, dan 13 anak mendapat nilai 65% dengan kategori mulai berkembang. Pada siklus ke II mengalami peningkatan dengan kemampuan anak dalam mengenal kemampuan berhitung melalui kartu angka bervariasi dari 20 anak, 3 orang anak mendapat nilai 15% dengan kategori berkembang sesuai harapan dan 17 orang anak mendapat nilai 80% dengan kategori berkembang sangat baik. Dalam siklus II ini aktivitas berhitung menggunakan kartu angka bervariasi meningkatkan kognitif berhitung anak melalui kartu angka variasi.
PHOTO ESSAY: Idiopathic Atypical Hyphema
Authors: Ana Bonaldi Ana
Published: December 2023

Hyphema is the accumulation of red blood cells in the anterior chamber of the eye. Blood accumulates from the disruption of vessels of the iris or ciliary body. Trauma is the most common risk factor, however, spontaneous hyphema can also result from other causes, including an underlying medical condition.
The Possibility of Participating Honour’s Level Students in Insurance Sector as a Part of Financial Inclusion: A Practical Study
Authors: Shingha Sonjit
Published: December 2023

The article aims at doing a feasibility study on students of three educational institutions to include them in insurance sectors as a part of financial inclusion. 15 students from Khulna university,Govt. Brajalal college and Azam Khan Govt. Commerce College, Khulna are taken as sample. The study shows that insurance policies are very rear among the students. Even many students don’t have any idea about insurance. At present, there are no insurance policy of the students in two institutions. The students are afraid of making insurance policy because they don’t have enough knowledge about insurance. On the other hand the the insurance compamies don’t pay the claim timely. The fraudulence of the insurance agents and unavilability of the service in the colleges and universities are other reasons of their fear. Most of the students are interested in making policy mainly they want to make student related policy. If the company becomes interested to include the students in this sectors then this sectors will be a emerging sectors and that will help our economic development.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SHELTERIN PROTEINS AND AGMATINE IN URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS
Authors: BEDİR Mustafa Doğan , BAKIR Sevtap , ENGİN Aynur
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The presence of microorganisms in the kidney, collecting system, or bladder with pyuria and clinical symptoms is called Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). UTI is one of the most common diseases in both nosocomial and community-acquired infections and affects millions of people every year. The clinical types of UTI range from cystitis to sepsis. In this study, we aimed to contribute to the literature by comparing the levels of shelterin proteins and agmatine in the serum of patients diagnosed with cystitis, one of the types of UTI, and healthy volunteers without any known medical disorder, and to bring new approaches to issues such as clinical severity, response to treatment, and pathogenesis of the disease.

Methods: In this study, 30 individuals diagnosed with cystitis from UTIs and 30 individuals without any systemic disease participated. Serum agmatine levels were measured by a fluorescence detector using the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography method (UHPLC). Serum shelterin proteins levels were measured using the ELISA method.

Results: When the patients and healthy controls were compared, serum Telomeric Repeat Binding Factor2 (TRF2) levels of the patients were found to be lower than the controls; serum agmatine levels were found to be higher than the controls and statistically significant (p0.05).

Conclusion: In conclusion, the statistically significant difference in serum TRF2 and agmatine levels between the groups may be associated with oxidative stress. It is thought that the shortening of telomere lengths may be associated with decreased TRF2 levels.
Thrombophilic gene variants in patients with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction
Authors: YILDIRIM Malik Ejder
Published: December 2023

Background and aim: Coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI) are cardiovascular diseases that occur due to atherosclerosis (plaque formation) or atherosclerotic obstruction of the coronary arteries. Their genetic basis has been under investigation for a long time, and common variant studies link different genetic loci with these diseases. In this study, we investigated the possible association of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction with thrombophilic gene variants, including MTHFR C677T and A1298C, Beta fibrinogen -455G/A, Factor XIIIV34L and PAI-1 4G/5G single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Methods: A total of 128 people (64 patients and 64 controls) were included in the study. Genomic DNA was isolated using the EZ1 blood mini kit. The DNA was amplified and PCR was performed using the PyroMark PCR Kit (Qiagen, Germany). Pyrosequencing reaction was completed by processing with PyroMark Q24 instrument.

Results: We found that the PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism and the 4G allele were significantly associated with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction (P= 0.01). Although mutant variants were higher in patients, no statistically significant difference was observed between the patient and control groups in terms of FXIII, Beta-fibrinogen and MTHFR variants.

Conclusions: It is clear that the PAI-1 4G allele and the 4G/4G genotype have a significant contribution to the development of coronary artery disease and ultimately myocardial infarction. Prophylactic treatment should be considered in patients with this variant.
FORENSIC MEDICAL PERSPECTIVE OF ELDER ABUSE
Authors: YÜCEL BEYAZTAŞ Fatma , BUTUN Celal , KURT Gökhan
Published: December 2023

The issue of elder abuse and neglect is an important public health problem that requires urgent attention from social assistance institutions, health systems, political institutions and citizens, can create devastating individual and social consequences, and is not unfortunately adequately reported. Elder abuse can cause serious consequences on both mental and physical health, such as injury, death, anxiety, depression, substance addiction, and suicide.

Necessary precautions should be taken to prevent elder abuse. First of all, it is very important to raise awareness of elder abuse and to raise awareness of the entire society on this issue.
Is the Safe Cholecystectomy Technique Really Safe?
Authors: SOYLU Sinan
Published: December 2023

Aim: This study aims to present the results of a single surgeon's experience to demonstrate the effectiveness of the 'Critical View of Safety' (CVS) technique in preventing bile duct injuries in clinical practice.

Method: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 899 patients who underwent cholecystectomy using the CVS technique performed by a single surgeon at the Sivas Cumhuriyet University Hospital General Surgery Department between 2018 and 2023. Ethical approval for the study was obtained. Cholecystectomy cases were scanned retrospectively. The patients' age, gender, drain placement, surgery indications, and reason for switching to open cholecystectomy were recorded.

Results: Among the 899 patients reviewed, 312 were male (34.70%), and 587 were female (65.30%). The average age was 55.10 for males and 51,65 for females. It was determined that 7(0.77%), cases converted to open cholecystectomy. The most common indication for cholecystectomy was elective gallbladder stone removal, accounting for 47.05% of cases. No major bile duct injuries were detected..

Conclusions: The safe cholecystectomy technique can be safely applied to avoid bile duct injuries in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Safety of Evacuation According to Habitability Criteria for Main Control Room of Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Lee Doohee , Kim Yongjae , Han Seokhyeon , Oh Seungjun
Published: December 2023

The operator is always present in the main control room (MCR) of a nuclear power plant. However, when a fire occurs in an MCR, different conditions for operator habitability are proposed using various criteria, and various evacuation safety evaluation results can be obtained. In this study, fire and evacuation simulations of an MCR were performed to determine the available safe egress time and required safe egress time. In addition, the evacuation safety and habitability of the MCR were evaluated for various criteria.
Effect of Ignition Energy on the Initial Propagation of Hydrogen-Oxygen Premixed Flame
Authors: Kim Dong-Ju , Park Seul-Hyun
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of changes in the ignition energy and hydrogen volume percentage of a hydrogen oxygen combustible mixture on the Markstein length of the hydrogen flame at the beginning of ignition. A – static combustor with a diameter of approximately 60 mm and an internal volume of 350 ml was manufactured, and flame propagation images were obtained under various ignition energies and hydrogen volume percentages of the hydrogen oxygen – mixed combustible to measure the initial propagation of the flame. Using the captured images, the stretched burning velocity (Sb) and stretch rate (K) under stretch were measured. The unstretched burning velocity (Sb0) was calculated using the Chemkin code, and the effects of the ignition energy and hydrogen volume percentage of the combustible mixture were analyzed. As the hydrogen volume percentage of the combustible mixture increased, the Markstein length decreased. When the hydrogen percentage of the combustible mixture was held constant, the Markstein length decreased as the ignition energy decreased. The influence of the ignition energy increased as the hydrogen volume percentage of the combustible mixture decreased.
Contabilidade como ferramenta de gestão de riscos nas aquisições públicas
Authors: Gonçalves Augusto César Silva , Gomes Anailson Marcio
Published: December 2023

Esse estudo buscou examinar qual a contribuição do trabalho realizado pela Comissão de Apoio Técnico Contábil (CATCon) como mecanismo de suporte nas licitações da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) para a Governança das Aquisições na Administração Pública Federal (APF). Tendo como elementos metodológicos predominantes a abordagem descritiva, qualitativa e o estudo de caso, esta pesquisa tem como plataforma teórica as concepções da Governança Pública, Teoria Institucional e a literatura disponível sobre gestão de risco e governança das aquisições no setor público, assim como a prerrogativa Legal da Lei Geral de Licitações. São explorados os fatores que motivaram a criação da CATCon, descrevendo o trabalho realizado por essa Comissão, analisando o teor dos apontamentos evidenciados nos Pareceres Técnicos por ela emitidos, utilizando-se de software para análise de dados qualitativos ATLAS.ti®. Os resultados demonstram que a mitigação de risco inerente à contratação ou aquisição pública, referente as diversas possibilidades de não cumprimento do objeto licitado ainda na fase de seleção do fornecedor, é a principal forma de contribuição para a gestão de risco das aquisições. Fatores relacionados à descumprimentos contratuais vivenciados pela UFRN, principalmente contratos relacionados a obras de engenharia e terceirização de serviços, resultaram na criação da Comissão objeto deste estudo. Foi constatado também que as empresas inabilitadas não comprovaram a existência da totalidade dos saldos contábeis por elas apresentados, cujos valores são utilizados como base para o cálculo dos indicadores econômico-financeiros exigidos nos certames.
Impact of Certain Socio-clinical Factors on COVID-19 Preventive Measures among Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases: A Cross-sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Centre in Southern India
Authors: Kodavala Anil Kumar , Tadisetti Surekha
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Chronic respiratory diseases are known risk factors for Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) associated morbidity and mortality. With the fourth wave of COVID-19 looming in India, it is crucial to prioritise preventive measures at both individual and community levels. However, following the third wave of COVID-19, adherence to preventive measures has declined. Aim: To assess the socio-clinical factors affecting COVID-19 preventive behaviour among patients with chronic respiratory diseases. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the outpatient department of Respiratory Medicine, Narayana Medical College Hospital, Nellore, a tertiary care centre in Andhra Pradesh, India from March to April 2022. The estimated sample size was 600 patients. Data was collected using a validated questionnaire, and analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28.1 {International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation}. The association between independent and dependent variables was assessed using binary logistic regression. Results: A total of 671 patients’ data were analysed. The mean age was 51.45 (±14.397) years, with 390 (58.1%) being male. Among the participants, the prevalence of wearing face masks in workplaces was 47.8%, wearing face masks in public places was 43.6%, frequent hand sanitisation was 39.9%, and maintaining physical distance in public areas was 35.2%. The main factors associated with non adherence were women, rural dwellers, non smokers, patients with co-morbidities, those who had not experienced a detrimental impact of COVID-19 on themselves, and the perception that COVID-19 was a mild disease. Conclusion: Among patients with chronic respiratory diseases, the practice of COVID-19 preventive measures was inadequate. Factors that positively influenced COVID-19 behaviour were being married, having a high school education level or above, and being a smoker. The impact of age varied depending on the type of preventive measure. Socio-economic status had no significant impact.
Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Medical Students before their Final Examinations at a Private Medical College of Tamil Nadu, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Babu Gautam , Gurupatham Dhanasekar , Rajasekaran Rajsri Thutikadu
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Due to their susceptibility to mental health problems, medical students should have their prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression checked before their final examinations. Aim: To assess the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among medical students at a private medical college in Tamil Nadu, India, four weeks before their final examinations. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a private medical college, Tamil Nadu, India, including 297 Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) students, using Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) questionnaire in December 2022 The survey was completed independently by the students with verbal agreement obtained; the response rate was 68.2%. The short form and history of usage of the DASS-21 in comparable medical student research led to its selection. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 20.48±1.23 years. The DASS-21 revealed prevalence rates of 60.9% for depression, 72.7% for anxiety, and 40.4% for stress among 297 first- to third-year medical students. There was no discernible effect of gender on these rates. With a depression frequency of 69% and significantly higher rates of severe depression (18.6%), first-year students demonstrated the highest scores, which were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study highlights the need for preventative actions, such as professional counselling, early detection of mental health problems, and educational programs on healthy coping mechanisms. To support medical students from the start of their academic journey and ultimately promote their resilience and mental health, these interventions should be specially designed.
mpact of COVID-19 Vaccines on Mortality Rates among Adult COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Sane Mandar R , Verma Harshita
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a public health concern since 2019. Multiple strategies have been implemented to flatten the curve of cases, including isolating active cases, contact tracing, quarantines, lockdowns, hand hygiene, face mask usage, and sanitisation. Vaccination has been used as a tool to reduce morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19. Aim: To analyse the impact of COVID-19 vaccines on mortality rates among COVID-19 patients, with a secondary objective of studying the association between age, time since vaccination, and mortality rates. Materials and Methods: The present cohort study was conducted in the Department of Forsenic Medicine at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Nagpur, Maharashtra,India, with a sample size of 60 cases, out of which 30 were included. Data was collected over a six month period from January 1, 2022, to June 30, 2022. The study included adult COVID-19 patients who were admitted to AIIMS Nagpur and subsequently died. Data on vaccine type, dose, and time since vaccination were also collected. Results: The mean age of patients was 53 years. Of the patients, 63.3% (n=57) were males and 36.6% (n=33) were females. Among the patients, 60% were vaccinated, while 40% were unvaccinated. Among the vaccinated patients, 14.8% received Covaxin, while 85.1% received Covishield. Regarding the vaccination dosage, 9.2% of the patients received a single dose, while 90.7% received two doses. All the patients who survived COVID-19 had been vaccinated for more than one month. Conclusion: Vaccination resulted in a 93.1% reduction in the odds of death among vaccinated patients. Among the unvaccinated patients, 80% died due to COVID-19. After adjusting for age and co-morbidities, vaccination was found to be independently associated with a lower risk of mortality (p<0.001). Furthermore, 73.3% of the deceased cases had comorbidities (p<0.001). The study demonstrates the protective effect of vaccination with either Covishield or Covaxin, which should hopefully address any misconceptions among the general public.
Evaluation of Periodontal Status in Female Patients with Endometriosis: A Protocol for a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gabada Dolly , Jaiswal Priyanka , Reche Amit
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Periodontal medicine indicates a strong relationship between Periodontal Health (PH) or disease and ‘systemic health.’ Although Periodontal Disease (PD) is quite distant from the area affected by endometriosis, both conditions share a similar pathogenesis. Both endometriosis and PD are chronic inflammatory diseases that occur more commonly in patients with systemic disorders. Moreover, significant alterations in immune modulators have been shown to occur in both diseases. Need for the Study: The research is to evaluate the correlation between endometriosis and PH for early diagnosis, treatment planning, and prevention of long-term sequelae. Aim: To evaluate the PH status in female patients with endometriosis. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study will be carried out in the Department of Periodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Sawangi (M), Wardha, Maharashtra, India from September 2023 to March 2024, involving 384 participants (192 patients diagnosed with endometriosis and 192 controls). Assessment of oral hygiene, plaque accumulation, gingival status, Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), Gingival Recession (GR), and other factors will be measured to evaluate the PH of the patients.
Using Mobile Health (mHealth) Interventions to Optimise Breast Cancer Care: A Scoping Review
Authors: Prakash Sreenidhi , Balaji Jyotsna Needamangalam , Joshi Ashish , Surapaneni Krishna Mohan
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Mobile phones have become ubiquitous in recent years. This portable device can be efficiently utilised to promote health and deliver high-quality healthcare services via Mobile Health (mHealth) technology interventions. In view of the increasing global burden of breast cancer cases, mHealth interventions can be constructive in breast cancer prevention and management. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of evidence to support the utility of mHealth interventions in breast cancer care. Aim: To analyse and synthesise evidence from published literature on the feasibility and effectiveness of mHealth interventions employed for breast cancer prevention, detection, management, and rehabilitation. Additionally, this study intends to draft a conceptual framework for mHealth intervention strategies in breast cancer management. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted at Panimalar Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from June 2022 to December 2022. Google Scholar and PubMed databases were used to find published articles relevant to the study’s objectives. The reviewers selected articles based on the relevance of the article and eligibility criteria. Articles on mHealth interventions for the female population above 18 years of age with breast cancer were included. Results: A total of 13 articles were selected based on the eligibility criteria. Regardless of the type of mHealth technology employed, target population, and purpose of intervention, all the studies strongly support the use of mHealth technologybased interventions over usual care to enhance breast cancer management. Conclusion: The use of mHealth applications has increased exponentially in recent years. Since then, many studies have been conducted to validate their use. However, the usability of these applications is not well established. The involvement of not only patients but also healthcare professionals is crucial to develop well-equipped digital health applications. Personalised applications that provide security and safeguard user privacy are highly preferred by patients. A collaborative approach involving patients, healthcare professionals, and application developers will aid in the development of highly efficient mHealth applications.
Evaluation of Variation in the Calot’s Triangle at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern Uttar Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Pandey Pooja , Ranjan Abhishek , Khan Irfan , Sharma Shyamendra Pratap
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Cholelithiasis is the most common disease worldwide, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard treatment of choice. To perform laparoscopic cholecystectomy, it is essential to understand the critical view of safety, which primarily involves the dissection of Calot's triangle. Anatomical variations in Calot's triangle exist, and understanding them is crucial to avoid unintended situations during surgery. Mirizzi syndrome, a rare complication in Calot's triangle, can significantly increase mortality and morbidity rates. Aim: To evaluate the anatomical variations in the Calot’s triangle. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Mayo Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, from October 2021 to September 2022. The total sample size included 100 patients with gallstone disease who underwent surgical intervention. Intraoperative findings, such as variations in the cystic artery and cystic duct, as well as Mirizzi syndrome grading, were recorded in an Excel sheet and tabulated. The results were expressed in terms of frequency and percentage. Results: The average age of the patients was 39.42±12.11 years, with females outnumbering males. Among them, 28% had a cystic artery lying outside of Calot's triangle, and 96% had a cystic artery originating from the right hepatic artery. The remaining 2% originated from an aberrant right hepatic artery, 1% from the left hepatic artery, and 1% from the gastroduodenal artery. Cystic duct variations were found in 5% of cases. Of these, 2% had a short cystic duct (<2 cm), 1% had a long cystic duct (approximately 5 cm), one patient had an absent cystic duct, and one had a low insertion into the common hepatic duct. Mirizzi syndrome Grade-I and Grade-II patients accounted for 4% and 2% respectively, while Grade-III, Grade-IV, and Grade-V each contributed to 1%. Conclusion: Knowledge of Calot's triangle variations is crucial, especially for aspiring surgeons, as it helps them make decisions promptly when encountering difficulties during surgery. Understanding the Calot's region ensures the safety not only of patients but also of surgeons.
Readiness for Self-directed Learning amongst First-year Medical Undergraduates in the Northern Part of Kerala, India: A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Manjunath Sparsha Deep E , Venkatappa Kavana G , Geetha GN
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The ability for independent learning is considered a critical component for university graduates to engage in continuous learning. Self-directed Learning (SDL) is necessary for learners to transition from passive to active learners. With the implementation of competency-based education, the concept of SDL is becoming increasingly important in undergraduate teaching. However, many students find the concept of self-learning unfamiliar, causing them undue anxiety. The improvement of lifelong learning thus depends critically on having an effective understanding of SDL skills. Aim: To assess the readiness for SDL and emphasise the need for assessing students’ readiness towards SDL. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study involved 100 first-year medical students who provided informed consent. Readiness for SDL was determined using the Fisher SDL Readiness Scale (SDLRS). An SDLRS score of >150 is considered an acceptable level of SDL readiness. Six SDL sessions were conducted, and participants were assessed based on their performance in SDL. The study participants were grouped as high, mid, and low achievers, and their SDLRS scores were correlated. The data obtained were statistically analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The median SDLRS score was 149, with 54 (54%) of students scoring below the acceptable level of 150. The median scores for the subscale of self-management were statistically high (p-value<0.001) among the high achievers. The SDLRS scores and SDL session test scores of the three groups of students showed a significant moderate positive correlation (r-value=0.356, p-value<0.001). Conclusion: The present study concluded that 54% of medical students scored below the acceptable level on the SDLRS, and there was a moderate positive correlation between SDLRS scores and SDL session test performance.
Effects of Zaï Pit Depth on Morphological Traits, Yield Components and Yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) in Burkina Faso
Authors: Célestin Thiombiano , Adulrahman Lado , Soumabere Coulibaly , Idriss Serme , Joseph Batieno T. Benoit , Zakaria Dieni , Salle Tignegre J. B. De la , Hussaini M. A.
Published: December 2023

Cowpea is the leading food legume for many households in arid and semi-arid regions of Sub-Saharan Africa. The erratic rainfall leads to decrease in cowpea yield. The Zaï pit technology is an ancestral agricultural technique used for water and fertilizer management in crops production increasing productivity. A study was carried out in Burkina Faso during 2020 and 2021 dry season  at Kamboinsin and at Kouare with for objective of evaluating the effects of Zaï depth on cowpea yield and yield components. Treatments consisted of the use of three Zaï depths (control (tillage); 15 cm; 25 cm) and four cowpea varieties. The experimental design used was a split-plot replicated three times. Yield and yield components data were collected and subjected to an analysis of variance using JMP Pro 10 software. The results showed that for all the studied varieties, all the yield components and yields average values increased with the Zaï pit depth. Zaï of 25 cm and 15 cm depth increased cowpea grain yield of more than 87% and 50% respectively compared to the control (tillage). Twenty-five-centimetre Zaï depth substantially enhances cowpea agronomical performances and is recommendable for cowpea production in drought prone regions or of low rainfall.
A Comprehensive Review on the Impacts of Intellectual Property Rights on the Global Agricultural Economy
Authors: Meghwal Manohar Lal , Dhurve Lalit , Raj Sumit , Afreen Nahida , Abhijeet  , Tripathi Somdutt , Maurya Durgesh Kumar , Kumar Arun
Published: December 2023

The agricultural sector is no stranger to the importance of intellectual property, as it serves as a catalyst for innovation, facilitates the transfer of technology, and safeguards the rights of creators and inventors. By examining the effects of IPRs on various dimensions, this paper seeks to shed light on the far-reaching implications for the agricultural industry worldwide. First and foremost, the review explores the intricate relationship between IPRs and agricultural research and development. IPRs are known to provide essential incentives for scientists and researchers to engage in ground-breaking agri-scientific endeavors, leading to advancements in productivity, sustainability, and food security. By offering legal protection and rewards for their innovations, IPRs encourage investment in agricultural R&D, driving progress in crop improvement, genetics, and biotechnology. Furthermore, the review delves into the impact of IPRs on farmers' access to seeds and genetic resources. While strong intellectual property regimes ensure fair compensation for breeders and innovators, concerns arise regarding the potentially limited access to seeds, especially for small-scale farmers in developing countries. Balancing the rights of breeders and the needs of farmers becomes a crucial aspect of agricultural policy formulation, aiming for a sustainable and inclusive agricultural system. Additionally, the review scrutinizes how IPRs affect the overall competitiveness of the agricultural market. IPRs enable agricultural enterprises to gain a competitive advantage through exclusive rights over their unique plant varieties, processes, or technologies. However, the high costs associated with intellectual property protection may pose barriers for smaller farmers and agricultural communities, exacerbating inequalities within the sector. While intellectual property rights undoubtedly play a vital role in fostering agricultural innovation and protection, the review also sheds light on the challenges and controversies associated with IPRs. The potential negative impacts on small-scale farmers, the concerns surrounding access to genetic resources, and the implications for biodiversity conservation all warrant careful consideration in the formulation of IPR policies. Through a comprehensive analysis of scholarly articles, reports, and case studies, this review provides valuable insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers concerned with the multifaceted impacts of intellectual property rights on the global agricultural economy. By understanding these complexities, it becomes possible to strike a balance that maximizes the benefits of IPRs while ensuring equitable and sustainable agricultural development.
Biochemical and Haematological Changes in Albino Wistar Rats Following Administration of Eleophorbia drupifera Leaves Extract
Authors: Okon Aniekanabasi Jonathan
Published: December 2023

Different parts of the plant Eleophorbia drupifera have been reportedly used for treatment of various ailments. This study aimed at evaluating the toxicological potential of the leaves of this plant in order to caution or encourage its use in traditional medicine. Water and ethanol-water extracts of Eleophorbia drupifera leaves were administered orally in graded doses of 0.5ml (147.06mg/kg body weight), 1.0ml (303.3mg/kg body weight) water extract and 0.5ml (157.66mg/kg body weight), 1.0ml (301.72mg/kg body weight) ethanol-water extract to experimental animals for 3 weeks. The effect of the extracts on some biochemical and haematological parameters were evaluated in albino rats. At the end of 21 days, the AST and ALT levels of the test groups were significantly lower than the control (p<0.05) and total bilirubin showed significantly high values in test groups when compared with the control (p<0.05). The WBC was significantly increased while the RBC was decreased when compared with the control (p<0.05). There were no significant changes in PCV and Hb of the experimental animals (p<0.05).There was no significant difference between the effects of the water extract and that of the ethanol-water extract on the albino rats (p<0.05). The results suggest that there may be no adverse effect associated with the use of this extract in phytotherapy.
Accounting Measurement and Profitability: Comparative Analysis between Fair Value Regime and Historical Cost Regime
Authors: Aremu Paul Olabode, , Owolabi Sunday Ajao,
Published: December 2023

This study examined the effect of accounting measurement on profitability of selected consumer goods companies in Nigeria during historical cost regime and fair value regime. Accounting measurement was measured with revenue, cost of sales and operating cost while profitability was measured with net profit margin and return on equity. The data were generated from the annual reports of ten (10) selected consumer goods companies listed on the Nigeria stock exchange from 2008-2010 (representing historical cost regimes) and 2019-2021 (representing fair value regimes). The consumer goods companies used for this study included Dangote Sugar, Nigeria Breweries, Nestle, Guinness, Cadbury, Unilever, Nascon, Pz Cursors, Floor Mill and Honeywell.

Hausman test was conducted and the result led to the use of fixed effect estimation technique for testing the hypotheses. Regression result showed that cost of sale and operating cost have negative effect on net profit margin both on both historical cost and fair value regime while revenue has significant positive effect on net profit margin both on historical cost and fair value regime.  Furthermore, cost of sales and operating cost have negative significant effect on return on equity both on historical cost and fair value while revenue has significant positive effect on return on equity both on historical cost and fair value.

The study concluded that both fair value and historical cost measurement have positive significant effect on net profit margin and return on equity. This implies that profitability is not a function of either fair value or historical cost accounting measurement. The study recommended that fair value accounting basis should be adopted in order to ensure a more realistic measure of profitability than under historical cost basis.
Study on Mathematics Teaching Based on Virtual Reality in China
Authors: Tao Jianing , Yang Zezhong
Published: December 2023

Virtual Reality (VR) is of great relevance in improving the teaching quality of mathematics and students' interest in learning mathematics. In recent years, some scholars have conducted research on mathematics teaching based on VR in China, but there has not yet been any literature that summarizes and sorts out them. To establish the aspects included in the current resources on VR-based mathematics teaching and find out the shortcomings and gaps in the current research. This paper adopts the method of literature analysis to read, summarize, and organize the previous related studies, and draws the following conclusions: (1) Previous research mainly focuses on five aspects, namely, the advantages and significance of VR in mathematics teaching, suggestions for mathematics teaching based on VR, strategies for VR-based mathematics classes, shortcomings and challenges of VR-based teaching, as well as practical explorations of VR-based teaching. (2) The methods of research are relatively single, mainly qualitative research and less quantitative research. (3) There are some blank spots in the research. First, Most of the research on VR-based classes is based on the content of the curriculum compulsory education, with less research based on senior high school, middle colleges and university. Second, the research focuses mainly on the teaching of the Geometry section, with less coverage of other curriculum sections. Third, although some scholars have put forward specific teaching ideas for the use of VR in math classes, most of them have not yet been implemented in practice. So it is necessary for future research to conduct deeper research on VR-based mathematics teaching with more diverse research methods on the basis of existing research, to make suggestions on the effective use of VR in mathematics teaching.
Forecasting Australia Gross Domestic Product (GDP) under Structural Change (SC) Using Break for Time Series Components (BFTSC)
Authors: Oloruntoba Ajare Emmanuel , Adekunle Adefabi , Abiodun Adeyemo
Published: December 2023

The reason for this research is to enable us know the use BFTSC (break for time series components) in identification of the structural change and the time series components  existing in Australia GDP. The data (Australia GDP) statistics spanned for period of fifty five years. The GDP of Australia is a higher information gotten from the StreamData of Universiti Utara Malaysia Library.  The precincts of BFAST in terms of structural change was advanced to become  BFTSC. BFTSC was created from basic research conducted on BFAST, results shows an innovative technique that captures the recurring (cyclicals) and non-recurring cyclical (irregular) components that was not included in the original BFAST technique and it was included in the methodology of this study. BFTSC was created to give a mutual image of all the required time series components. The subsequently forecasting technique was determined and forecast is made.