bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospecção Tecnológica sobre Atividades Biológicas e Processos Tecnológicos do Gênero Baccharis com Base no Depósito de Patentes
Authors: Patel Nilane Françoise , Pezoti Andressa Razera , Fernandes Daniel Zanardini , Malfatti Carlos Ricardo Maneck , Crisostimo Claudia , Savighago Vanusa Karini
Published: October 2018

Estudos prospectivos buscam identificar conhecimentos e tecnologias aplicadas no setor da saúde, visando o tratamento de doenças com o uso de plantas medicinais, destacando-se nesta pesquisa as plantas do gênero Baccharis. Esse gênero de planta contém diversos compostos bioativos com ações terapêuticas importantes para a promoção da saúde humana. Sendo assim, o artigo apresentou um mapeamento de patentes depositadas que utilizam o gênero Baccharis como agente benéfico à saúde. As patentes foram pesquisadas nas bases de dados: Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Intelectual (INPI), LATIPAT e EPO, utilizando os descritores: “Baccharis”, “Baccharis atividade” e “Baccharis produtos”. Foram selecionadas 67 patentes e, dessas, 19 foram selecionadas para o estudo. Verificou-se que o número de patentes encontradas é relativamente baixo e o maior número de patentes é classificada como A61K, referindo-se ao maior potencial da planta, que é utilizado para a elaboração de produtos relacionados à ciência médica e higiene.
PROCESSOS OXIDATIVOS AVANÇADOS NO TRATAMENTO DE EFLUENTE CONTENDO VERDE MALAQUITA: ESTUDO PROSPECTIVO
Authors: Pérez Ramos Juan Manuel , Monteiro de Carvalho Cenira , Tonholo Josealdo , De Paiva e Silva Zanta Carmen Lúcia
Published: October 2018

Os Processos Oxidativos Avançados destacam-se dentre as tecnologias de remediação de águas existentes como as mais amigáveis ao meio ambiente e aos recursos hídricos. Estes processos são muito promissores pela capacidade de produzir radicais hidroxila (•OH), espécies oxidantes fortes, capazes de mineralizar a matéria orgânica, a exemplo do Verde Malaquita, usado como modelo de contaminante para desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias de remediação de águas servidas. Com o objetivo de mapear o panorama científico e o tecnológico relativos ao uso de tratamento de águas, foram realizadas buscas de artigos científicos e de patentes nas bases Scielo, Scopus, INPI e Derwent. O estudo demonstrou que o maior número de depósitos de patentes é da China, ficando o Brasil no sexto lugar do ranking. Apesar do alto número de artigos e patentes em tratamento de efluentes, só uma parcela corresponde ao tema em interesse, com destaque de uma patente brasileira para um processo antimicrobiano e 58 artigos que utilizam o Verde Malaquita como modelo em seus estudos.
Avaliação de Empresas pelo Método do Fluxo de Caixa Descontado (Fcd): um estudo em uma startup na área de biofármacos
Authors: Ribeiro Debora Leite , Lins Sarah Juliana Oliveira , Almeida Suzuca Caroline Marçal de , Souza André Luis Rocha de , Teles Eduardo Oliveira
Published: October 2018

A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo valorar uma startup na área de biofármacos, com a finalidade de apresentar uma proposta de valoração que apoie os gestores no processo  decisório relacionado com a viabilidade econômico-financeira e nas decisões vinculadas à transferência da tecnologia (licenciamento ou cessão). Para atingir tal objetivo, recorreu-se à revisão bibliográfica, possibilitando a identificação dos métodos de valoração mais utilizados, decidindo-se pela aplicação do método de Fluxo de Caixa Descontado (FCD) e, complementarmente, à Simulação de Monte Carlo quanto ao Valor Líquido Presente (VPL) alcançado para dar maior robustez ao tomador de decisão quanto aos resultados alcançados. Assim, foram utilizados dados secundários, fornecidos pela empresa analisada, cuja abordagem adotada foi a de pesquisa quantitativa. O estudo permitiu a construção de uma análise consistente de valoração de extrema valia no processo decisório dos gestores quanto à opção pela venda, na busca por investidores ou em manter o empreendimento. Ao final, sugere-se a adição de métodos mais flexíveis de valoração como Opções Reais e Múltiplos, com intuito de auxiliar de forma qualitativa a tomada de decisão.
Análise dos Fluxos de Transferência de Tecnologia de Universidades Públicas Brasileiras, Casos de Sucesso: UnB e UNICAMP
Authors: Simões Fabrício dos Santos , Santos Wagna Piler Carvalho dos
Published: October 2018

O conhecimento gerado na academia e transferido para a sociedade tem um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento social e econômico de uma nação. As universidades públicas devem possuir mecanismos efetivos para disponibilizarem as tecnologias ao mercado rompendo o gargalo da prateleira tecnológica. Inegavelmente, há desafios tanto para quem transmite como para quem recepciona a transferência. Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar o processo de transferência de tecnologia adotado por duas universidades brasileiras: Unicamp e UnB. Utilizou-se o método de estudo qualitativo de natureza descritiva baseada em pesquisa documental e bibliográfica. Os resultados sugerem que a aproximação entre a indústria e a universidade é fundamental para ampliar os indicadores de Transferência de Tecnologia nas universidades. Percebeu-se que investimentos contínuos no setor de pessoal, que trabalha com inovação, adoção de fluxogramas objetivos e gestão da inovação, contribuem positivamente para alcançar bons resultados em Transferência de Tecnologia.
Ação Direta De Inconstitucionalidade Nº 2232470- 13.2016.8.26.0000
Authors: Rossi Salles
Published: October 2018

Ação Direta De Inconstitucionalidade Nº 2232470-13.2016.8.26.0000
Relator: Desembargador Salles Rossi
Declaração nº 30.243DEC
Da tutela jurisdicional coletiva animal como meio para defesa dos animais não-humanos no processo civil brasileiro
Authors: Silva Galdino Cardin Valéria , Da Silva Sousa Jhonatan
Published: October 2018

Falar-se em vida dentro do meio ambiente seja social ou natural, é colocar dentro do mesmo espaço seres humanos e animais não-humanos. Pensando nisso, várias teorias surgem para indicar os animais como sujeitos de direitos, sendo equiparados em direitos e garantias constitucionais aos seres humanos. Isto é claro, permeia toda a teoria de uma tutela jurisdicional coletiva animal, ou seja, uma técnica processual capaz de efetivar e garantir a defesa dos direitos dos animais. Porém, o estudo gira em torno de se descobrir qual o melhor roupão jurídico para proteção animal em juízo e quais os legítimos portadores de interesse processual para agir em nome dos animais não-humanos. Em sede de processo civil, há uma série de instrumentos que prestam para tais fins protetivos, lembrando que por intepretação analógica aplica-se a defesa coletiva, pois na falta de legislação adequada, trata-se animais não-humanos como pertencentes ao meio ambiente, especificamente a fauna. Cabe o estudo e aperfeiçoamento do entendimento de tais instrumentos processuais para efetivação da proteção do direito animal em juízo.
Aplicação do princípio do poluidor-pagador à fauna na jurisprudência do stj
Authors: Roberto Lyrio Pimenta Paulo , Cesar de Sá da Rocha Julio
Published: October 2018

O presente estudo tem por objeto a análise da aplicação
do princípio do poluidor-pagador à fauna, na jurisprudência do
Superior Tribunal de Justiça. Com base na análise dos julgados
existentes sobre a matéria, o trabalho busca examinar o modo
como esse tema tem sido enfrentado, as situações fáticas nas quais
o princípio tem sido aplicado, os aspectos que têm sido analisados
pela Corte e os fins do princípio que têm sido reconhecidos. Ao
final do estudo serão apresentadas as conclusões no sentido de
que são poucos os casos sobre a matéria em epigrafe. A análise
desses julgados revela que o Tribunal não tem analisado o tema
referenciado de forma mais aprofundada, preocupando-se, em
verdade, com a questão da fixação do dano moral coletivos, dos
danos patrimoniais e da indenização a terceiros, prejudicados
com a degradação da fauna. Deve-se reconhecer, no entanto,
que em um julgamento o Tribunal enfrentou o tema de forma
cuidadosa, reconhecendo a existência de dano decorrente da morte
de pássaros, causado pelo uso indevido de agrotóxico. Esse caso
justificou o reconhecimento da possibilidade de utilização do
princípio em pauta com os fins reparatórios e também preventivo,
o que representa, de fato, um notável avanço da jurisprudência da
Corte.
Zoofilia no brasil: uma análise de casos concretos e a necessidade de incriminação legal
Authors: Bizawu Kiwonghi , De Oliveira Bonifacio Ramos Andreia
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo objetiva analisar o antropocentrismo
utilitarista praticado pelo ser humano sobre os animais desde os
tempos remotos até a época contemporânea, inclusive no que diz
respeito à pratica da zoofilia, que tem sido recorrente não só no 

mundo, mas também no Brasil e em Minas Gerais, que se destaca
por ser um Estado pioneiro na criação de disposição do crime de
abuso sexual contra animais, tendo em vista a falta de legislação
no Brasil sobre a matéria. O zoofilismo além de gerar maus tratos
aos animais mostrou-se fator preocupante, uma vez que são
inúmeros os casos concretos denunciados, além de pesquisas que
demonstram que tal crime pode ser classificado como patologia,
com possibilidade da pratica de outros mais graves contra
seres humanos, impondo como vitimas até mesmo crianças. A
globalização e o capitalismo se mostram associados, corroborando
com a prática da zoofilia frente ao crescente mercado lucrativo que
pornoriza essa violência e atrai milhares de adeptos, a ponto de
pedir a sua legalização como ocorreu na Alemanha.
A situação se desdobra da necessidade de criminalização dessa
pratica no Direito Ambiental brasileiro. Para a pesquisa descritiva,
utilizar-se-á o método hipotético-dedutivo.
Recurso Extraordinário 1.030.732/SP
Authors: Alberto Vilhena Carlos
Published: October 2018

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EFICIÊNCIA DOS INVESTIMENTOS DAS PRESTADORAS DE SERVIÇO DE SANEAMENTO DOS MUNICÍPIOS DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Portella Vitória Rosa , Dos Santos Rodolfo Rocha , Borba José Alonso
Published: October 2018

O uso eficiente dos recursos hídricos, bem como os investimentos no setor de saneamento vem sendo discutidos principalmente devido aos efeitos ambientais e sociais que a falta de abastecimento de água e o tratamento de esgoto podem causar a sociedade. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar quais fatores externos afetam a eficiência dos investimentos em saneamento básico das empresas responsáveis por esse setor nos municípios de Santa Catarina. Para medir a eficiência dos investimentos, foi utilizado a Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA) a partir dos dados disponibilizados pelo Sistema Nacional de Informação Sobre Saneamento (SNIS) entre os anos de 2010 a 2013. Após o cálculo da escala de eficiência foi utilizada o modelo de regressão Tobit com dados em painel e outro modelo de regressão com efeitos aleatórios, com as variáveis independentes IDHM, PIB e densidade demográfica. Tanto para o modelo de regressão de efeitos aleatórios com dados em painel, como o modelo Tobit as variáveis densidade demográfica e PIB mostraram uma relação estatisticamente significante com a escala de eficiência construída pelo modelo DEA proposto dos investimentos em saneamento básico das empresas que compuseram a amostra.
Práticas Acadêmicas Conflitantes com os Padrões Éticos e seus Reflexos na Conduta do Futuro Profissional Contábil
Authors: Viana Clilson Castro , Dos Santos Ivete , RODRIGUES PRISCILA DE OLIVEIRA , LIMA MARIOMAR DE SALES , VIANA LUCILENE FLORÊNCIO
Published: October 2018

Com um mercado cada vez mais competitivo que busca profissionais qualificados e com discernimento ético, precisa-se constantemente renovar a discussão sobre ética no meio acadêmico. Nesse contexto, realizou-se este estudo com o propósito de analisar a percepção dos acadêmicos do curso de Ciências Contábeis de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior, quanto à adoção de práticas acadêmicas conflitantes com os padrões éticos e seus reflexos na conduta do futuro profissional da contabilidade. O estudo fundamenta-se em aspectos éticos no meio acadêmico e afetação provável na futura profissão, alicerçado em pesquisas como de Sousa et al (2016) e Veludo-de-Oliveira et al (2014). A população foi composta de 246 alunos do curso de Ciências Contábeis de uma instituição de ensino superior de Manaus–AM, aos quais aplicou-se um questionário. Com a análise constatou-se que cerca de 50% dos alunos têm uma clara percepção do tema, mas esse entendimento não evolui durante o curso.
Family caregivers’ report about the cancer: a social representation study / Relato de cuidadores-familiares sobre o câncer: um estudo de representações sociais
Authors: Da Silva Silvio Éder Dias , Da Costa Joel Lobato , Dos Santos Jeferson Araujo , Dos Santos Arielle Lima , Moura Adriana Alaide Alves , Da Cunha Natacha Mariana Farias
Published: October 2018

Objetivo:Compreender as representações sociais de cuidadores familiares sobre o processo que estabelecem com os pacientes oncológicos e suas implicações para o cuidado do si. Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, baseado no aporte teórico conceitual das Teoria das Representações Sociais criada por Serge Moscovici. Resultados: A representação é capaz de direcionar o comportamento do cuidador, cujos elementos do meio ambiente em que o comportamento é desenvolvido podem reconstruídos e remodelados, com o intuito esse de melhorar ou até planejar junto a equipe um melhor cuidado seja individualizado ou coletivo ao paciente oncológico, Conclusão: Diante da necessidade de estabelecer uma correlação, clara, aberta e confiante, não se deve apenas limitar-se ao modo que o profissional de saúde expressa, mas atentar-se também para como o cuidador encara os entraves recebidos e as suas necessidades de adesão.
Stress Wave and Residual Stress Characteristics of TC17 Titanium Alloy Subjected to Warm Laser Shock Peening
Authors: Duan Chenghong , Hao Xiaojie , Pei Yatian , Luo Xiangpeng
Published: October 2018

Compared with Laser Shock Peening (LSP), Warm Laser Shock Peening (WLSP) can obtain higher residual stress, hardness, dislocation density, and finer grain. In this paper, the dual phase titanium alloy TC17 is studied. WLSP tests of TC17 specimen under different temperatures are carried out. The surface residual stress of the specimen is measured by XRD method, and residual stress distribution of the specimen is also numerically analyzed. It is found that the numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental results. Numerical results further show that the peak residual stress (−340 to −480 MPa) of the specimen increases with increased temperature. The stress wave gradually decreases along the thickness direction during the impact process, but it abruptly increases at the bottom of the specimen because of reflection. The equivalent plastic strain of the specimen increases with increased temperature. The dynamic yield strength (−1831.1 to −1468 MPa) of the material is calculated by deducing, which decreases with increased temperature. When the temperature is higher than 750 °C, residual stress hole phenomenon occurs, and the residual stress decreases with a further increment of the temperature. In addition, the influence of laser power, impact times, and overlapping rate on residual stress is also studied.
Photoredox Catalysis at Copper(II) on Chitosan: Application to Photolatent CuAAC
Authors: Jennah Oumayma , Beniazza Redouane , Lozach Cédric , Jardel Damien , Molton Florian , Duboc Carole , Buffeteau Thierry , El Kadib Abdelkrim , Lastécouères Dominique , Lahcini Mohammed , Vincent Jean‐Marc
Published: October 2018

In this article we report the first example of a heterogeneous photolatent catalyst for the copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) that is supported on chitosan. The heterogeneous copper(II) precatalyst was easily prepared by reaction of [CuII2(3‐benzoylbenzoate)4(H2O)2] complex 1 with chitosan powder. UV‐vis and EPR spectroscopy studies demonstrated that the Cu(II) ions are effectively photoreduced by low‐intensity UVAs. In particular, it was shown that the benzophenone photosensitizer, could be employed in catalytic amount, i. e. 10 mol% with respect to the Cu2+ ions, to effectively promote the Cu(II) to Cu(I) photoreduction process. A range of triazoles, in particular those bearing sugar moieties, could be effectively synthesized under light illumination and sodium ascorbate‐free conditions. ICP analysis did not show copper contamination of the final product, thereby evidencing tight incorporation of copper on the chitosan powder. Owing to its heterogeneous nature, the catalyst could be recovered and reused several times with no appreciable decrease in the catalytic activity. As a practical application of the procedure, the anticonvulsant drug rufinamide was isolated in 82% yield on a 10 mmol scale synthesis.

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Synthesis of Polyurea via the Addition of Carbon Dioxide to a Diamine Catalyzed by Organic and Inorganic Bases
Authors: Wu Pei‐Xuan , Cheng Hai‐Yang , Shi Ru‐Hui , Jiang Shan , Wu Qi‐Fan , Zhang Chao , Arai Masahiko , Zhao Feng‐Yu
Published: October 2018

The synthesis of polyurea via the addition of carbon dioxide (CO2) to a diamine of 4,7,10‐trioxa‐1,13‐tridecanediamine (TOTDDA) was investigated by using organic and inorganic base catalysts. It was found that 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU) was the most active among the catalysts examined. The influence of CO2 pressure, temperature, and reaction time was examined for the DBU‐catalyzed polyurea synthesis. The reaction mixture was analyzed by in situ high‐pressure attenuated total reflectance Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR) under reaction conditions, and possible reaction mechanisms, in which DBU can activate both CO2 and TOTDDA, were proposed. Physicochemical properties of polyurea materials synthesized were examined by several techniques. In addition, the catalytic performance of DBU was further examined for the addition of CO2 to other different diamine compounds.

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Do tall tree species have higher relative stiffness than shorter species?
Authors: Jagels Richard , Equiza Maria A. , Maguire Douglas A. , Cirelli Damian
Published: October 2018

Premise of the Study

In 1757 Leonhard Euler demonstrated that to avoid bending tall columns needed to be stiffer but not stronger than shorter columns of equal diameter and material density. Many researchers have concluded that trees have a fixed stiffness to basic density ratio, and therefore, trees adjust for increasing height by adding mass to adjust stem form. But the wood science literature points to considerable variance in stiffness with respect to green wood density.

Methods

Using the vast global repository of green wood mechanical properties, we compared relative stiffness and relative strength between taller and shorter species. For North American trees, we examined stem moisture distribution.

Key Results

For all regions of the world, taller species on average possessed greater stiffness, but not strength, than shorter species of equal basic specific gravity. We looked for a possible universal mechanism that might allow taller tree species to adjust stiffness without affecting xylem specific gravity and concluded that the evidence points to a decrease in cellulose microfibril angle in structural cell walls combined with possible increases in holocellulose percentage. The evidence is strongest for conifers. We also showed that tall conifers have the ability to adjust the distribution of xylem moisture to maximize conduction while minimizing column load.

Conclusions

Our research reveals that taller trees have developed internal stem adjustments to minimize diameter increase while attaining ever‐greater heights, thus enabling these taller species to reduce energy expended on biomass accumulation while gaining greater access to solar radiation.
Altered VEGF Signaling Leads to Defects in Heart Tube Elongation and Omphalomesenteric Vein Fusion in Quail Embryos
Authors: Aleksandrova Anastasiia , Filla Michael B. , Kosa Edina , Little Charles D. , Petersen Alan , Rongish Brenda J.
Published: October 2018

Formation of the endocardial and myocardial heart tubes involves precise cardiac progenitor sorting and tissue displacements from the primary heart field to the embryonic midline—a process that is dependent on proper formation of conjoining great vessels, including the omphalomesenteric veins (OVs) and dorsal aortae. Using a combination of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) over‐ and under‐activation, fluorescence labeling of cardiac progenitors (endocardial and myocardial), and time‐lapse imaging, we show that altering VEGF signaling results in previously unreported myocardial, in addition to vascular and endocardial phenotypes. Resultant data show: (1) exogenous VEGF leads to truncated endocardial and myocardial heart tubes and grossly dilated OVs; (2) decreased levels of VEGF receptor 2 tyrosine kinase signaling result in a severe abrogation of the endocardial tube, dorsal aortae, and OVs. Surprisingly, only slightly altered myocardial tube fusion and morphogenesis is observed. We conclude that VEGF has direct effects on the VEGF receptor 2‐bearing endocardial and endothelial precursors, and that altered vascular morphology of the OVs also indirectly results in altered myocardial tube formation. Anat Rec, 302:175–185, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chondroitin Sulfate in Human Cutaneous Meissner and Pacinian Sensory Corpuscles
Authors: García‐Piqueras Jorge , Carcaba Lucia , García‐Mesa Yolanda , Feito Jorge , García Beatriz , Viña E. , Suárez‐Quintanilla Juan , Cobo Juan , Vega Jose A. , García‐Suárez Olivia
Published: October 2018

Chondroitin sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan involved in maintaining the morphofunctional properties of the extracellular matrix in peripheral nerves, but its distribution in human sensory corpuscles is unknown despite the role of extracellular matrix in mechanotransduction and axonal guidance. In this study we used immunohistochemistry to analyze the distribution of chondroitin sulfate in human cutaneous Meissner and Pacinian corpuscles. Chondroitin sulfate expression was absent from Meissner corpuscles. In Pacinian corpuscles chondroitin sulfate was found associated to a CD34 positive endoneurial‐related layer, interposed between the S100 protein positive inner core cells, and the vimentin positive inner core and outer core‐capsule cells. Therefore, the intermediate CD34+/chondroitin sulfate+ intermediate layer present in Pacinian corpuscles isolates the neural segment of the corpuscles (axon and inner core) from the non‐neural segments (outer core and capsule). These results suggest a role of chondroitin sulfate in the proper axonal growth and guidance, within the neuronal compartment of the Pacinian corpuscles during development and reinnervation, can be hypothesized. Moreover, a role of CS in mechanotransduction cannot be ruled out. Anat Rec, 302:325–331, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Continuous Fixed‐Time Convergent Super‐Twisting Algorithm in Case of Unknown State and Disturbance Initial Conditions
Authors: Basin Michael , Rodriguez‐Ramirez Pablo , Garza‐Alonso Alison
Published: October 2018

This paper presents a fixed‐time convergent super‐twisting‐like algorithm designed to provide a direct extension, without any additional terms, of the conventional super‐twisting control system, whose state initial condition is unknown and the disturbance initial condition is bounded by a known constant or even completely unknown. The fixed‐time convergent super‐twisting‐like algorithm is first designed for a scalar system and then generalized to a multivariable one. An upper estimate of its convergence (settling) time is calculated in each case. Several examples are provided to illustrate the obtained theoretical results.
Evolutionary computations of nonconservative mass transfer in Algols
Authors: Negu S. H. , Tessema S. B.
Published: October 2018

We applied the basic dynamical evolution equations of orbit for nonconservative mass transfer to compute the absolute parameters of Algols and incorporate their decreasing orbital periods. The lists contain the parameters of 59 Algols. The accretors of those systems are almost all located in the main sequence region, while their donors are evolved off the main sequence region, and they are located in a giant or subgiant region. We investigated the evolutionary computations of nonconservative mass transfer with the observed parameters of Algols, which has been designed to consistently examine the statistical analysis of both single‐ and double‐lined Algols. Then, we numerically determined the spin and the specific angular momentum of the accretor and the donor and also computed the rate of change of the orbital angular momentum and period of these systems. In addition, we calculated the semimajor axis, the fractional radius of a ring, the actual Roche lobe radius, and the critical mass ratio of the system. We also examined the stability of mass transfer in those systems. Finally, we made a comparison between the theoretical computations for the dynamical evolution equations of orbit and the observed parameters of Algols.
CRDSAT Generated by pCARGHO: A New Efficient Lectin‐Based Affinity Tag Method for Safe, Simple, and Low‐Cost Protein Purification
Authors: Kriznik Alexandre , Yéléhé‐Okouma Mélissa , Lec Jean‐Christophe , Groshenry Guillaume , Le Cordier Hélène , Charron Christophe , Quinternet Marc , Mazon Hortense , Talfournier François , Boschi‐Muller Sandrine , Jouzeau Jean‐Yves , Reboul Pascal
Published: October 2018

Purification of recombinant proteins remains a bottleneck for downstream processing. The authors engineered a new galectin 3 truncated form (CRDSAT), functionally and structurally characterized, with preserved solubility and lectinic activity. Taking advantage of these properties, the authors designed an expression vector (pCARGHO), suitable for CRDSAT‐tagged protein expression in prokaryotes. CRDSAT binds to lactose‐Sepharose with a high specificity and facilitates solubilization of fusion proteins. This tag is structurally stable and can be easily removed from fusion proteins using TEV protease. Furthermore, due to their basic isoelectric point (pI), CRDSAT, and TEV are efficiently eliminated using cationic exchange chromatography. When pI of the protein of interest (POI) and CRDSAT are close, other chromatographic methods are successfully tested. Using CRDSAT tag, the authors purified several proteins from prokaryote and eukaryote origin and demonstrated as examples, the preservation of both Escherichia coli Thioredoxin 1 and human CDC25Bcd activities. Overall, yields of proteins obtained after tag removal are about 5–50 mg per litre of bacterial culture. Our purification method displays various advantages described herein that may greatly interest academic laboratories, biotechnology, and pharmaceutical companies.
Enhanced Production of High‐Value Cyclopropane Fatty Acid in Yeast Engineered for Increased Lipid Synthesis and Accumulation
Authors: Peng Huadong , He Lizhong , Haritos Victoria S.
Published: October 2018

The unique strained ring structure in cyclopropane fatty acids (CFA) conveys oxidative stability and lubricity to lipids. These attributes are highly valuable for industrial applications such as cosmetics and specialist lubrication but there is currently no commercial source of the lipid. Here, built on recently engineered strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the authors have developed an efficient strategy for CFA production. Expression of the Escherichia coli cyclopropane fatty acid synthetase (Ec.CFAS) in the engineered yeast resulted in formation of cis‐9,10‐methylene‐hexadecanoic and octadecanoic acids in both the phospholipid (PL) and triacylglycerol (TAG) fractions. CFA concentration in TAG of engineered yeast is 12 mg CFA g−1 DCW (fourfold above the strain expressing CFAS only). The yield of CFA increases from 13.2 to 68.3 mg L−1, the highest reported in yeast, using a two‐stage bioprocess strategy that separated cell growth from the lipid modification stage. Strategies for further improvement of this valuable lipid are proposed.
Antimelanogenic Effects of Raphanus sativus L. var. niger Roots on α‐MSH Stimulated B16F10 Melanoma Cells
Authors: Ko Ha Na , Kim Jung Eun , Jo Yeon Jeong , Hong Seung Hyun , Yang Da Wun , Kim Gi Ok , Lee Nam Ho
Published: October 2018

This study was conducted to identify the antimelanogenic components from Raphanus sativus L. var. niger (black radish). Phytochemical study with the ethanol extract of black radish roots resulted in the isolation of six compounds: 3‐(E)‐(methylthio)methylene‐2‐pyrrolidinethione (1), ascorbigen (2), β‐sitosterol (3), palmitic acid (4), α‐linolenic acid (5), and 1‐linoleonyl glycerol (6). Among the isolates, the thione 1 efficiently inhibited melanin synthesis in a concentration‐dependent manner in α‐MSH stimulated B16F10 melanoma cells. Western blotting analysis for the key melanogenic enzymes showed that compound 1 decreased tyrosinase and tyrosinase‐related protein‐2 expressions. These results demonstrated that the black radish extract including pyrrolidinethione 1 could be useful as antimelanogenic agents in cosmetic or pharmaceutical applications.
Differences between stance and foot preference evident in Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) fish holding during movement
Authors: Allen Laura L. , Morrison Katie L , Scott Wesley A. E. , Shinn Steve , Haltiner Alan M. , Doherty Michael J.
Published: October 2018

Background

Skateboarders, snowboarders, and surfers all show stance preferences for which foot is forward while moving. We are unaware of other animals than humans with a stance preference, perhaps excepting Osprey, who fly their caught fish beneath them in a foot‐forward stance. We hypothesize there should be no difference between left foot forward, right foot back (conventional) versus right foot forward left foot back (goofy) stances or for fish holding with unilateral left or right foot. Online, publicly available, convenience images of Osprey catching fish were accessed and assessed by five independent reviewers using different Internet search engines or online photo series. Stance preference and footedness were tested using chi‐square analysis.

Results

Stance preferences were evident with the left foot forward (conventional stance) on average 64–78% of the time (all p < 0.02). No difference in foot preference for either one‐foot grabs of fish during flight or for non‐flight nest/perch fish holding was evident.

Conclusion

Flight stance of Osprey holding fish shows a lateralized preference in a proportion similar to skateboarders of surfers. We discuss stance preferences in the setting of complex movements and potential flight and survival advantages for Osprey.
Purification of a Bacteriocin‐Like Inhibitory Substance Derived from Pediococcus acidilactici Kp10 by an Aqueous Micellar Two‐Phase System
Authors: Jamaluddin Norfariza , Ariff Arbakariya B. , Wong Fadzlie Wong Faizal
Published: October 2018

Aqueous micellar two‐phase system (AMTPS) is an extractive technique of biomolecule, where it is based on the differential partitioning behavior of biomolecule between a micelle‐rich and a micelle‐poor phase. In this study, an AMTPS composed of a nonionic surfactant, Triton X‐100 (TX‐100) was used for purifying a bacteriocin‐like inhibitory substance (BLIS) derived from Pediococcus acidilactici Kp10. The influences of the surfactant concentration and the effect of additives on the partitioning behavior and activity yield of the BLIS were investigated. The obtained coexistence curves showed that the mixtures of solutions composed of different surfactant concentrations (5–30% w/w) and 50% w/w crude load were able to separate into two phases at temperatures of above 60 °C. The optimum conditions for BLIS partitioning using the TX‐100‐based AMTPS were: TX‐100 concentration of 22.5% w/w, CFCS load of 50% w/w, incubation time of 30 min at 75 °C, and back‐extraction using acetone precipitation. This optimal partitioning resulted in an activity yield of 64.3% and a purification factor of 5.8. Moreover, the addition of several additives, such as sorbitol, KCl, dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt, and Coomassie® Brilliant Blue, demonstrated no improvement in the BLIS separation, except for Amberlite® resin XAD‐4, where the activity yield was improved to 70.3% but the purification factor was reduced to 2.3. Results from this study have demonstrated the potential and applicability of TX‐100‐based AMTPS as a primary recovery method for the BLIS from a complex fermentation broth of P. acidilactici Kp10. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 35: e2719, 2019
Efficient and green aqueous−solid system for transphosphatidylation to produce phosphatidylhydroxybutyrate: Potential drugs for central nervous system's diseases
Authors: Li Binglin , Wang Jiao , Li Huanyu , Zhang Xiaoli , Duan Dandan , Yu Wenyu , Zhao Binxia
Published: October 2018

The synthesis of nonnatural phospholipid, phosphatidylhydroxybutyrate (PB), was firstly introduced by phospholipase D (PLD)‐mediated transphosphatidylation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) with sodium γ‐hydroxybutyrate (NaGHB) in the aqueous–solid system. Nanoscale silicon dioxide (NSD) was employed as a carrier to provide an “artificial interphase” between PC and PLD. Special attention has been paid to the effect of the PC coverage on the surface area of hybrids of NSD‐PC, the PC loading and the yield of PB. Results indicated that the highest PC loading of 98.3% and the highest PB yield of 97.3% were achieved. In addition, the free PLD in the aqueous–solid system showed the greater stability and pH tolerance than that in the traditional liquid–liquid system. The operational stability of free PLD solution was investigated. The yield of PB remained 70.7% after being used for five batches. The authors provide a new idea for drug design and the potential source of PB for medical experiments. PB is a potential drug and may have the excellent performance in the treatment of central nervous system's diseases. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 35: e2726, 2019
The morphogenesis of the renal plexus: Renal artery and sympathetic fibers
Authors: Mompeó Blanca , Maranillo Eva , García‐Touchard Arturo , Sanudo Jose R.
Published: October 2018

To examine the origin and development of the renal plexus and its relationship to the renal vessels in embryos and early human fetuses. Serial sections of 34 human embryos (stages 16 to 23 of Carnegie, 4 or 5–8 weeks) and 38 fetuses (9–19 weeks) were analyzed. Throughout the embryonic period, the kidney was not innervated by the renal plexus. Those nerves appeared at the beginning of the early fetal period (9 weeks) as branches given off by the immature autonomic abdominal plexus. The renal nerves started to approach to the kidney during the early fetal period at 9–10 weeks of development. They were distributed in close proximity to the renal arteries and their branches. They were observed first with the settlement of the renal veins. The renal artery is present as a branch of the abdominal aorta at stage 19 (between 6 and 7 weeks) prior to development of the renal plexus. The renal veins were not present during the embryonic period but appeared at the start of the fetal period, along with the renal nerves that emerged from segmented sympathetic para‐aortic bodies (SPBs). Clin. Anat. 32:272–276, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bioresorbable polymer‐coated thin strut sirolimus‐eluting stent vs durable polymer‐coated everolimus‐eluting stent in daily clinical practice: Propensity matched one‐year results from interventional cardiology network registry
Authors: Gasior Pawel , Gierlotka Marek , Szczurek‐Katanski Krzysztof , Osuch Marcin , Gnot Roman , Hawranek Michał , Gasior Mariusz , Polonski Lech
Published: October 2018

Objectives

We sought to determine the 1‐year clinical follow‐up in patients treated with the thin strut (71 μm) bioabsorbable polymer‐coated sirolimus‐eluting stent (BP‐SES) vs durable coating everolimus eluting stent (DP‐EES) in daily clinical routine.

Background

Presence of durable polymers may be associated with late/very late stent thrombosis occurrence and the need for prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy. Bioabsorbable polymers may facilitate stent healing, thus enhancing clinical safety.

Methods

Interventional Cardiology Network Registry is a prospective, multicenter, observational registry of 21,400 consecutive patients treated with PCI since 2010. We analyzed 4,670 patients treated with either a BP‐SES (ALEX, Balton, Poland) or DP‐EES (XIENCE, Abbott, USA) with available 1‐year clinical follow‐up using propensity‐score matching. Outcomes included target vessel revascularization (TVR) as efficacy outcome and all cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), and definite/probable stent thrombosis as safety outcomes.

Results

After propensity score matching, 1,649 patients treated with BP‐SES and 1,649 patients treated with DP‐EES were selected. Procedural and clinical characteristics were similar between both groups. There was no significant difference between tested groups in in‐hospital mortality. One‐year follow‐up demonstrated comparable efficacy outcome, TVR (BP‐SES 5.9% vs DP‐EES 4.6% P = 0.45), as well as comparable safety outcomes, all cause death, MI and definite/probable stent thrombosis.

Conclusions

In this multicenter registry, the BP‐SES thin strut biodegradable polymer‐coated sirolimus‐eluting stent demonstrated comparable clinical outcomes at 1‐year after implantation to the DP‐EES. These data support the relative safety and efficacy of DP‐SES in a broad range of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
Membranous or membranous‐like GN: A case report of massive proteinuria, positive serum with negative PLA2R on biopsy
Authors: Kaur Gurwant , Chen Guoli
Published: October 2018

Key Clinical Message

This case report represents primary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) with positive serum anti‐PLA2R antibodies, 2+ positivity for IgG4 on immunofluorescence with routine fresh‐frozen sections and negative PLA2R stain on biopsy. He was treated as primary MGN based on positive serum PLA2R and the absence of clinical symptoms or signs suggestive of any secondary MGN.
Analysis of insulin and insulin analogs from dried blood spots by means of liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Thomas Andreas , Thevis Mario
Published: October 2018

While dried blood spot (DBS) analysis concerning low molecular mass molecules has become more and more established in various fields of analytical chemistry, the utility of DBS in determining peptides and proteins from DBS is yet comparably limited. In consideration of the fact that the apparent benefits of DBS sampling are similar for analytes of lower and higher molecular mass, dedicated (non‐generic) sample preparation procedures are required that meet the needs for detecting peptidic drugs and hormones in DBS. The analysis of insulin and its synthetic analogs by mass spectrometry has received increased attention in several fields such as doping controls, forensics, and drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics studies. Hence, a strategy facilitating the analysis of insulin and its synthetic or animal analogs (human, Lispro, Aspart, Glulisine, Glargine, Detemir, Tresiba, and porcine and bovine insulin) from DBS was developed. The successful analysis of these substances at physiologically relevant concentrations was realized after ultrasonication‐assisted extraction, immunoaffinity purification, and liquid chromatographic separation followed by high resolution mass spectrometric detection (with or without ion mobility). Assay validation demonstrated adequate sensitivity (LOD 0.5 ng/mL for most insulins), as well as precise (< 25%) and reproducible results for all included target insulins. Additionally, proof‐of‐principle data were obtained by the analysis of DBS samples obtained from healthy volunteers in non‐fasting state as well as a sample from a diabetic volunteer treated with the fast acting analog insulin Aspart.
The Chemosensory Function of Primary Cilia Regulates Cholangiocyte Migration, Invasion, and Tumor Growth
Authors: Mansini Adrian P. , Peixoto Estanislao , Jin Sujeong , Richard Seth , Gradilone Sergio A.
Published: October 2018

Cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells lining the biliary tree in the liver, express primary cilia that can detect several kinds of environmental signals and then transmit this information into the cell. We have reported that cilia are significantly reduced in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and that the experimental deciliation of normal cells induces a malignant‐like phenotype with increased proliferation, anchorage‐independent growth, invasion, and migration. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the chemosensory function of cholangiocyte primary cilia acts as a mechanism for tumor suppression. We found that in the presence of extracellular nucleotides cilia‐dependent chemosensation of the nucleotides inhibited migration and invasion in normal ciliated cholangiocytes through a P2Y11 receptor and liver kinase B1 (LKB1)–phosphatase and tensin homolog–AKT–dependent mechanism. In contrast, in normal deciliated cholangiocytes and CCA cells, the nucleotides induced the opposite effects, i.e., increased migration and invasion. As activation of LKB1 through a cilia‐dependent mechanism was required for the nucleotide‐mediated inhibitory effects on migration and invasion, we attempted to activate LKB1 directly, independent of ciliary expression, using the compound hesperidin methyl chalcone (HMC). We found that HMC induced activation of LKB1 in both ciliated and deciliated cells in vitro, resulting in the inhibition of migration and proliferation. Furthermore, using a rat syngeneic orthotopic CCA model, we found that HMC inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of the chemosensory function of primary cilia for the control of migration and invasion and suggest that, by directly activating LKB1 and bypassing the need for primary cilia, it is possible to emulate this chemosensory function in CCA cells; these data warrant further studies evaluating the possibility of using HMC as therapy for CCA.
Open or close the door to the outgroup? Diversity beliefs moderate the impact of group boundary permeability on attitudes toward the outgroup
Authors: Ren Deyun , Tan Xuyun , Dang Jianning , Liu Li , Zhao Xian , Li Chao , Liang Yuan , Su Qian , Gu Zibei , Wei Cong
Published: October 2018

The present research investigated the moderating role of diversity beliefs with the aim of reconciling inconsistent findings regarding the impact of group boundary permeability on attitudes toward outgroup. In Study 1, all variables were measured with self‐report scales completed by Chinese participants. In Study 2, diversity beliefs were manipulated by randomly assigning Chinese participants to a high or low diversity belief condition. In Study 3, we replicated the moderating model with American participants. Results of all three studies indicated that diversity beliefs moderated the relationship between group boundary permeability and attitudes toward outgroup. Individuals with high diversity beliefs held more positive attitudes toward the outgroup when the group boundary was permeable (vs. impermeable). Conversely, individuals with low diversity beliefs held more negative attitudes toward the outgroup when the group boundary was permeable (vs. impermeable). These findings suggest that when the inflow of the outgroup members is inevitable, attitudes toward the outgroup may be effectively improved by increasing diversity beliefs.
Closing the Academic and Equity Gaps: How Achieving the Dream Redefined Assessment
Authors: Torres Vasti , Hagedorn Linda Serra , Heacock Laurie T.
Published: October 2018

This chapter will demonstrate how Achieving the Dream, a nonprofit leader of a national reform network of community colleges and open‐access universities, uses assessment to guide institutions toward a culture of evidence, equity and continuous improvement to improve student success.
Creating Inclusive Research Practices
Authors: Person Dawn , Garcia Yvonne
Published: October 2018

This chapter will value of including diverse voices of researchers. An innovative, cost‐effective model for assessment will be described, capturing the process implemented at a university in its efforts to center social justice within assessment and evaluation research practices.
Inside Cover: Hierarchical deep convolutional neural networks combine spectral and spatial information for highly accurate Raman‐microscopy‐based cytopathology (J. Biophotonics 10/2018)
Authors: Krauß Sascha D. , Roy Raphael , Yosef Hesham K. , Lechtonen Tatjana , El‐Mashtoly Samir F. , Gerwert Klaus , Mosig Axel
Published: October 2018

The image displays the construction of the first layers of a deep convolutional neural network for classifying Raman microscopic images of urotheleal cells as either cancerous or normal. The input layer is obtained by the intensity images of two selected wavenumbers, indicated as red and green, respectively. Deeper layers are constructed by convolution operations indicated in the yellow box. The final layer (not shown) will distinguish the two cell types.

Further details can be found in the article by Sascha D. Krauß, Raphael Roy, Hesham K. Yosef, et al. (e201800022)

image
Analytic second derivatives for the efficient electrostatic embedding in the fragment molecular orbital method
Authors: Nakata Hiroya , Fedorov Dmitri G.
Published: October 2018

The analytic second derivatives of the energy with respect to nuclear coordinates are developed for restricted Hartree–Fock and density functional theory, based on the two‐body fragment molecular orbital method (FMO) and combined with the electrostatic embedding potential, self‐consistently determined by point charges for far separated fragments and electron densities for near fragments. The accuracy of the method is established with respect to FMO using the exact embedding potential based on electron densities and to full calculations without fragmentation. The computational efficiency of parallelization is measured on the K supercomputer and the method is applied to simulate infrared spectra of two proteins, Trp‐cage (PDB: 1L2Y) and crambin (1CRN). The nature of the vibrations in the Amide I peak of crambin and the Tyr symmetric stretch peak in Trp‐cage are analyzed in terms of localized vibrations. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A kinetics study of ligand substitution reaction on dinuclear platinum complexes: Stochastic versus deterministic approach
Authors: Iioka Tatsuya , Takahashi Satoshi , Yoshida Yuichiro , Matsumura Yoshihiro , Hiraoka Shuichi , Sato Hirofumi
Published: October 2018

The kinetics on a basic ligand substitution reaction on dinuclear platinum complexes [Pt(PEt3)2PhPt(PEt3)2]2+ and [Pt(PEt3)2PhCOPhPt(PEt3)2]2+, with the ligands pyridine and 3‐chloropyridine, is studied. This is a fundamental step in a self‐assembly, and the time evolution has been observed with a new experimental technique, QASAP (quantitative analysis of self‐assembly process), which is recently developed by Hiraoka's group. As a result of numerical calculations based on master equation, we succeed in specifying the reaction rate constants with a simple reaction model. In addition, the time evolutions of all the intermediate components produced and consumed in chemical reaction are revealed, including those unobserved in the experiments. The convergence behavior of the existence ratios of specific chemical species calculated with the stochastic algorithm method is compared with those obtained from deterministic formalism based on rate equations, revealing a clear dependence on the number of constituent molecules. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.