bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FATORES QUE LEVAM AS NUTRIZES AO DESMAME PRECOCE: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Do Valle Carina Carla Gonçalves , Santana Lucas Fagundes
Published: October 2024

O aleitamento materno é o melhor alimento para o crescimento saudável e o desenvolvimento dos recém-nascidos. O presente estudo objetiva refletir as situações que levam ao desmame precoce. Realizou-se busca de artigos científicos na base de dados da Bireme, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - BVS, no período 2007 a 2011, utilizando-se os descritores. A revisão mostrou que um amplo espectro de fatores socioeconômicos, culturais, fisiológicos, demográficos, fatores associados ao pré-natal e fatores associados a assistência de enfermagem, que interferem de forma negativa na amamentação. Conclui-se que o processo de amamentar precisas tanto por parte dos profissionais como das políticas públicas de saúde para o alcance de sua excelência.
O BRINQUEDO TERAPÊUTICO E A CRIANÇA HOSPITALIZADA
Authors: Stein Camila , Malaquias Tatiana da Silva Melo
Published: October 2024

Revisão bibliográfica, que teve por objetivo identificar na literatura a aplicabilidade do brinquedo terapêutico à criança hospitalizada. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BIREME) e GOOGLE ACADÊMICO e a amostra final constituiu-se de 13 artigos. A assistência à criança hospitalizada tem se modificado nas ultimas décadas em decorrência das novas pesquisas. Sabe-se que o hospital é um ambiente estranho e junto com a hospitalização vem o medo do desconhecido. O brinquedo terapêutico é um importante instrumento para a equipe de enfermagem para o sucesso de uma assistência humanizada.
RETRATAMENTO ENDODÔNTICO: UMA REVISÃO DE PESQUISAS SOBRE A DESCONTAMINAÇÃO DOS CANAIS
Authors: Barreto Helen Leandra
Published: October 2024

O objetivo do presente estudo consiste em revisar na literatura as possíveis causas de insucesso endodôntico relacionadas a descontaminação bacteriana infecciosa resistentes detectadas nos pacientes relatados em estudos de casos científicos, bem como pesquisas em laboratoriais de biomateriais e técnicas modernas de tratamentos endodônticos, que colaborem com dados científicos para melhorar a porcentagem de sucesso, com enfoque em materiais de descontaminação dos canais radiculares ou técnicas inovadoras. O método usado foi busca ativa por pesquisas em portais como LILACS e MEDLINE com palavras-chave como falhas/insucessos endodônticos, sintomatologia dolorosa, retratamentos, descontaminação. Os dados foram selecionados conforme o contexto e a contribuição com o tema, sempre buscando resultados mais atuais possíveis, confrontando resultados e compilando informações. Os resultados analisados qualitativamente, através da literatura atualizada dos conhecimentos científicos destacou que diversos fatores podem ser determinantes para o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico, desde manter um campo estéril com bom isolamento, até saber identificar as indicações de cada medicação mediante as peculiaridades do caso clínico reincidente em questão, não houve consenso sobre melhores irrigadores e Medicamento Intracanal, mas uma relação consistente no uso de cepas resistentes, novas técnicas em observação com potencialidade foram observadas, como a Terapia Fotodinâmica e medicamentos inovadores como extrato de pracaxi. Assim, mesmo com ótima taxa de sucesso, a ciência odontológica está em constante atualização para otimizar o sucesso.
UNIVERSO INTELECTUAL E INSTITUIÇÕES CIENTÍFICAS NO BRASIL DO SÉCULO XIX
Authors: Sebrian Raphael Nunes Nicoletti
Published: October 2024

Abordar a questão do universo intelectual brasileiro no século XIX nos leva quase que obrigatoriamente a analisar este "universo" dentro de um referencial mais amplo ao qual ele, naquele momento, se vinculava. Falamos das instituições científicas aonde a maior parte da produção intelectual era realizada, instituições que em certa medida evidenciavam suas características e divulgavam seus ideais através das obras que seus membros produziam.
ESTRESSE ENTRE EQUIPES MULTIPROFISSIONAIS QUE ATUAM NA LINHA DE FRENTE DA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Redante Andreia , Del Mouro Neirisleia Francisconi
Published: October 2024

Durante o período pandêmico, profissionais da saúde atuaram na linha de frente ao cuidado dos infectados com Covid-19, fato este que causou impactos em seus níveis de estresse. Este estudo visou analisar como os profissionais de um hospital se sentem em relação ao estresse. Com a aplicação de um questionário, com amostra de 145 respondentes, percebeu-se que houve aumento na utilização de medicações tranquilizantes para dormir, traços de esgotamento, piora na saúde e no sentimento de felicidade.
A CRISE DA EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR E O RESGATE DA EXPERIÊNCIA FORMATIVA
Authors: Weissböck Manuela Pires , Guilhermeti Paulo
Published: October 2024

Vivemos numa sociedade dita do conhecimento que exige educação e reeducação permanentes. Por isso, a educação vem sendo considerada como a melhor solução para o desenvolvimento e a modernização do país, sobretudo, pelos seguidores da teoria do capital humano. No entanto, há certa contradição que envolve a educação atual. Existe a sensação de quem atua no magistério que essa atividade vem se tornando cada vez mais mera formalidade destituída de objetivos, métodos e conteúdos. Parece que a formação, como experiência sedimentada, de longo prazo não está mais presente nas escolas. Os professores estão mais empenhados em buscar mecanismos e alternativas para que os alunos suportem o tempo que estão nas salas de aula, talvez seja por essa razão que encontramos a exarcebada preocupação de muitos educadores em formação, e boa parte daqueles que jáatuam no magistério, com a “prática pedagógica”, em detrimento da necessidade de uma formação teórica mais sólida.
AS NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS DA COMUNICAÇÃO E DA INFORMAÇÃO APLICADAS À EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Calderón Germán Calderón
Published: October 2024

Pretende-se com esta explanação salientar a importância das tecnologias da informação e comunicação na didática hodierna. As tecnologias educativas aplicadas responsavelmente nas suas diversas e complexas formas facilitarão a universalização da educação gratuita e de qualidade nos países do subcontinente americano.
AVALIAÇÃO DA APRENDIZAGEM NOS CURSOS DE LICENCIATURA: UMA DISCUSSÃO EM ABERTO
Authors: Neves Isabel Cristina , Valentini Maria Terezina Pacco
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho é resultado das contribuições dos professores que participaram do I Colóquio sobre “Avaliação da aprendizagem nos cursos de licenciatura: uma discussão em aberto” realizado em dezembro de 2007, com a participação de onze professores, como parte do Projeto de Pesquisa Isolado por nós coordenado. Nesta ocasião, após a explanação do conceito de avaliação numa perspectiva críticoformativa e sua contribuição para a formação de um profissional maduro, pensante, crítico, questionador e transformador, abriu-se o debate, constituindo-se em um momento ímpar de significação epistemológica sobre a avaliação da aprendizagem para os cursos de licenciatura. Embora a pequena participação de professores e cursos, o evento marcou o início de uma discussão imprescindível para que a prática avaliativa seja repensada dentro do espaço de formação de professores e seja trabalhada, além do seu caráter de conferidora de conhecimentos, seu aspecto didático-pedagógico.
MOINHO DE FRUSTRAÇÕES
Authors: De Souza Iracy Conceição
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho realiza a interpretação do conto de Eça de Queirós No Moinho (1880), visando abordar relação entre sujeito e desejo. O campo teórico que norteia nossa leitura é a psicanálise, na vertente de seu criador e do projeto de retorno à obra freudiana empreendido por Jacques Lacan. No conto, teremos uma história de amor, que coloca em cena o drama crucial do homem, dividido entre o desejo e o dever. A escolha pelo dever, implicando a renúncia do desejo, faz com que a personagem masculina seja massacrada pela imposição moral do superego e pelo medo da mulher, a qual, como representantes do Outro sexo, permanecem enigmas sem decifração
ORIDES FONTELA: A PALAVRA ENTRE O SER E O NADA
Authors: Felizardo Alexandre Bonafim
Published: October 2024

A palavra de Orides Fontela margeia os limites da realidade, numa busca desenfreada pelo ser em oposição ao nada. Seus poemas de extrema concisão demonstram a luta da autora em torno da expressão, em que o branco da página e o silêncio ganham dimensões ontológicas e transformam‐se em matéria da própria lírica. Com efeito, essa luta torna aguda a consciência, intensifica a percepção da existência, levando a poeta a enunciar, pela poesia, os desacertos da realidade.
DIFERENCIAIS DE RENDIMENTO DO TRABALHO ENTRE REGIÃO METROPOLITANA E NÃO-METROPOLITANA: um ensaio bibliográfico
Authors: Hersen Amarildo , De Souza Edson Belo Clemente
Published: October 2024

Esse artigo discute o nível dos rendimentos do trabalho no espaço metropolitano e não-metropolitano. Para tanto, utilizou-se de uma revisão bibliográfica e teorias com abordagem geográfica e econômica. Os resultados apontam que nos centros industriais o aumento nominal dos salários urbanos é devido à redução do bem-estar proveniente de fatores como o crescimento dos custos urbanos. Características pessoais dos residentes nas localidades e características da região são fatores consideráveis. A questão social do desemprego é um problema para as Regiões Metropolitanas pelo fato, inclusive, de apresentarem aglomerações industriais.
A PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA DOS PROFESSORES DE UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA PARA A EDUCAÇÃO DE UM ALUNO SURDO
Authors: Roth Mariza
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo teve como objetivo avaliar se práticas pedagógicas utilizadas por professores do Ensino Fundamental das Séries Finais condizem com a necessidade educacional de um aluno surdo. A pesquisa, com característica de investigação qualitativa e enfoque metodológico de estudo de caso, desenvolveu-se em uma escola pública da rede estadual de ensino. Para obter as respostas à questão, realizou-se um estudo com as três esferas da comunidade escolar, buscando a forma como se dá o processo de ensino aprendizagem de um educando surdo inserido em uma instituição escolar. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de ressignificar o papel da escola para além do pedagógico, reconhecendo a diversidade de características do nosso alunado, para que assim possamos construir verdadeiramente uma escola inclusiva.
EDUCAÇÃO E SUBJETIVIDADE: UMA REFLEXÃO CRITICA
Authors: George Ricardo , Silva Napiê Galvê Araujo
Published: October 2024

No presente trabalho objetivamos discutir a relação entre Educação e Subjetividade. Nosso olhar considera uma questão problema qual seja, é capaz o processo educacional emancipar o ser humano? Nessa perspectiva consideramos o papel da filosofia como saber conceitual e pedagógico buscando no interior da tradição ocidental identificar os posicionamentos a respeito da questão e com eles dialogar criticamente. Privilegiamos como método a pesquisa bibliográfica, enquanto exegesse textual.
INFLUÊNCIA DA MALTODEXTRINA SOBRE A GLICEMIA E O RENDIMENTO DE ATLETAS JUVENIS DE BASQUETEBOL
Authors: Costa Telma Aparecida , Gregório Nicolly Patrícia , Manarin Brunella Yara de Freitas , Da Silva Tatiana Martins
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da ingestão da maltodextrina 6% sobre o desempenho, percepção do esforço e variação na glicemia em atletas juvenis de basquetebol. Participaram do mesmo 7 atletas (15,85 ± 0,89 anos). Foi utilizado o teste de 12 minutos. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue para dosagem da glicose. Os resultados demonstram que a ingestão do suplemento não interferiu no rendimento das atletas; Promoveu uma pequena elevação na glicemia 20min. após sua ingestão e uma redução significativa, logo após o exercício. A percepção de esforço não sofreu influência da suplementação. Conclui-se, que a bebida contendo carboidrato não foi capaz de melhorar o desempenho, manter a glicemia e nem amenizar a sensação de cansaço.
SUBJETIVIDADE, INFÂNCIA E MODERNIDADE: questões para um debate
Authors: Alves Alvaro Marcel Palomo
Published: October 2024

Pretendemos discutir a subjetividade como um fenômeno e conceito relativamente recente na história ocidental, sendo vivenciada como espaço íntimo e foro individual. Apresentaremos algumas questões levantadas sobre a relação entre infância e subjetividade na modernidade, notadamente a partir da psicologia do jogo infantil.
ANÁLISE DE DADOS ESPIROMÉTRICOS EM ATLETAS DE HANDEBOL EM CADEIRA DE RODAS
Authors: Costa Telma Aparecida , Prodorutti Camila Regina , Mozer Cristiani , Palu Marina , Scholz Ana Carolina , Dos Santos Jefferson Jovelino Amaral
Published: October 2024

A espirometria é um método muito eficiente para verificação da capacidade pulmonar, na qual é possível medir o volume de ar inspirado e expirado e os fluxos respiratórios. Diante disso o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o as variáveis ventilatórias da equipe de atletas de handebol adaptado do Grupo ATACAR – Toledo - PR. Participaram do mesmo 8 atletas (18 a 33 anos). Foi utilizado um espirômetro da marca COSMEDPonygraphic 4.0. Obteve-se os resultados de CVF, VEF1 e VEF1/CVF. Os resultados demonstram que 75% dos testes foram considerados normais, 12,5% apresentaram restrição leve, e 12,5% restrição grave. Evidenciando que a deficiência física pouco interfere nas variáveis ventilatórias.
CINEMA E LITERATURA: ALIADOS NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA SÉTIMA ARTE NACIONAL
Authors: Corsi Margarida da Silveira
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a emergência de identidade social de faixa etária através da documentação e análise de marcadores temporais recolhidos de inquéritos do Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil (Projeto ALiB). A partir da análise realizada, observou‐se que os recursos linguísticos encontrados nas entrevistas demonstram que a identidade de faixa etária depende basicamente da categoria tempo, manifestando‐se em dois pólos – o antes e o agora – visando às aposições desejadas entre passado e presente.
AVALIAÇÃO DE ATITUDES EM RELAÇÃO À MATEMÁTICA DE CRIANÇAS DE OITO A DEZ ANOS DE IDADE DO TERCEIRO ANO DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Hirota Vinicius Barroso
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as atitudes dos alunos em relação à matemática. A metodologia foi a pesquisa descritiva, onde 81 crianças de ambos os sexo de idade entre 8 e 10 anos, responderam a escala de atitudes em relação a matemática; o tratamento estatístico empregado foi o calculo do Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach e o escore para aferir os resultados da escala. Os resultados mostraram que o escore do grupo masculino foi de 54,27 (+0,90) e do grupo feminino 53,29 (+0,94) não existindo diferença significativa entre os sexos. Concluímos que os alunos tem atitudes positivas em relação a matemática, resultado este revelado pelas notas anuais e pelo resultado da escala.
TOTALITARISMO, VIOLÊNCIA E TERROR: UMA ANÁLISE NA PERSPECTIVA TEÓRICA DE HANNAH ARENDT
Authors: Silva Ricardo George de Araújo , Silva Napiê Galvê De Araújo , Barreto Pedro Aurelyo Lira , Almeida Magno Robério Gonçalves
Published: October 2024

Ao trabalharmos o totalitarismo, temos como objetivo a análise desse regime a partir de seus recursos, como: propaganda, violência e terror de modo a demonstrar que sua prática não pode se enquadrar no conceito de regime político. Tomamos como base conceitual a obra de Hannah Arendt.
OS BLOGS E O DISCURSO SOBRE CORPO FEMININO: A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UMA IMAGEM DA/NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: Dos Santos Kátia Alexsandra , Woicolesco Thailine Ellen Chimin
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho pretendeu compreender como os discursos sobre os padrões de beleza e o corpo feminino são produzidos em blogs escritos por mulheres Para isso, partimos da Análise do discurso pêcheutiana e de alguns apontamentos da Psicanálise sobre imagem corporal.  Os discursos divulgados nos blogs pesquisados orientam-se em torno de questões sobre os padrões de beleza e o estilo de vida “saudável”. Essas duas fontes de discursos aliadas, permitem justificar a adesão a um determinado padrão de beleza, sem questioná-lo e ainda silenciam diversos aspectos relacionados ao custo desse estilo de vida.
EDUCAÇÃO DE ESCRAVOS E LIBERTOS: REFLEXÕES SOBRE A INSTRUÇÃO PÚBLICA NO SÉCULO XIX
Authors: Cândido Priscila Mariano , Santos Claudia Rejane Schavarinski Almeida
Published: October 2024

O trabalho em tela tem como objetivo analisar as relações educacionais em relação aos negros. O avanço intelectual desses sujeitos na sociedade onde estavam inseridos era vista como uma forma perigosa, pois compreender os códigos escritos e escrevê-los era propiciar aos cativos certa liberdade. Com isso eram impedidos legalmente de freqüentar as escolas, os que conseguiam aprender a ler e escrever era de maneira não formal, através de trocas culturais. Desse modo a presente pesquisa usou como método de pesquisa fontes bibliográficas e documental sendo essas analisadas no Arquivo Histórico Municipal.
HYPER- UND HYPOKOGNITION: EINE VERGLEICHENDE ANALYSE UNTER SEMANTISCHEM SOWIE SYNTAKTISCHEM GESICHTSPUNKT
Authors: İmrağ Özge Sinem
Published: October 2024

Ferdinand de Saussure geht davon aus, dass genauso wie andere Zeichen auch sprachliche Zeichen aus einem Bezeichneten und einem Bezeichnenden bestehen. Bezeichnetes ist die Inhaltsseite und Bezeichnendes ist die Ausdrucksseite eines sprachlichen Zeichens. Es gibt aber auch Fälle, in denen kein Bezeichnendes für ein Bezeichnetes vorhanden ist, d.h., manchmal kann die linguistische oder kognitive Repräsentation für ein Phänomen fehlen. Dies nennt man Hypokognition und genau das Gegenteil davon wird als Hyperkognition bezeichnet. Im Falle der Hypokognition lässt es sich keinen sprachlichen Ausdruck, bzw. kein Wort für eine Idee, ein Objekt oder ein Gefühl finden und im Falle der Hyperkognition befindet sich eine Vielfältigkeit von linguistischen Elementen für einen Begriff. In vorliegender Arbeit werden solche linguistischen Konzepte ausgehend von der Sapir-Whorf- Hypothese der sprachlichen Relativität am Beispiel von Türkisch, Deutsch, Englisch und einigen anderen Sprachen behandelt. Ziel ist es dabei, vom Mangel oder Vielfältigkeit der linguistischen Konzepte herrührende Unterschiede zwischen verschiedenen Sprachen festzustellen. Dazu werden zunächst die Begriffe Hypokognition und Hyperkognition näher bestimmt. Als Forschungsmethode wird vergleichende Methode verwendet und die Vergleichsdimension ist auf der semantischen sowie syntaktischen Ebene verankert. Dabei beschränken sich semantische Kriterien auf Bezeichnungen für Gefühle bzw. Farben, Verwandtschaftsbezeichnungen und Zahlkonzept. Syntaktische Kriterien beschränken sich auf Tempus- und Negationskonzepte. Daraus wird geschlossen, dass semantische und syntaktische Aspekte, die zur Hyper- oder Hypokognition führen, manchmal miteinander verbunden sind und dass die Hyperkognition und Hypokognition die Weltanschauung der Sprachgemeinschaften widerspiegeln.
Prevalence of Prolonged Grief Disorder in East Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis Introduction Findings
Authors: Le Hoang
Published: October 2024

This poster examines the prevalence of Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) in the adult bereaved population of East Asia. Study results suggest cultural differences in bereavement practices may influence the prevalence of PGD in East Asia, highlighting the need for further research in other East Asian countries. From The Asian Conference on Psychology & the Behavioral Sciences 2024 Official Conference Proceedings.
Illegal attack or legitimate target? Israel attacks Al Manar
Authors: Exum ANdrew
Published: October 2024

“The bombing of Al Manar is a clear demonstration that Israel has a policy of using violence to silence media it doesn’t agree with. This action means media can become routine targets in every conflict. It is a strategy that spells catastrophe for press freedom and should never be endorsed by a government that calls itself democratic.” - Aidan White, General Secretary, International Federation of Journalists Among the many targets hit by Israel during the Israel-Hizbullah conflict were the headquarters of Al Manar, Hizbullah’s satellite television station (for the full story see Paul Cochrane). Also destroyed were relay stations in northern Lebanon used to broadcast two other Lebanese television stations, LBC and Al Mustaqbal. An Israeli military official later explained the second attack—which killed one LBC employee—reasoning that LBC may have been sharing relay facilities with Al Manar. These attacks were not surprising to most commentators on the war. While the bombing of the LBC and Al Mustaqbal facilities on Mount Terboul may have shocked some, few if any expected Al Manar, located in the heart of Beirut’s southern suburbs, to emerge from the conflict unscathed. Indeed, as some predicted, Al Manar’s central headquarters in southern Beirut were one of the first targets hit by Israel. The central question raised by these attacks on media outlets is when, if ever, is it appropriate and/or legal to deliberately target the media as part of a military campaign? Did Al Manar constitute a legitimate military target? Or did Israel cross the line in targeting a media outlet? What, exactly, constitutes a “legitimate” military target? And are critics of Israel’s strike against Al Manar correct when they allege that Israel’s actions against Al Manar create such a precedent that it endangers all media?
BOOK REVIEW | Muhajababes
Authors: Weyman George
Published: October 2024

‘Muhajababes’ is hardly a title most academic journals would be interested in. But to ignore this book, which sets out to investigate the ‘new Middle East—cool, sexy and devout,’ purely because it targets a wide audience would be a grave mistake. In fact, there are very good reasons to take this book seriously. First, its author, Allegra Stratton, is herself a media professional (a BBC producer) who has valuable industry insight to bring to the study of Middle East media. Second, Stratton succeeds in moving ‘behind the scenes’[1] to look at industries of cultural production from the inside. She certainly does not neglect cultural consumers, but also investigates a range of producers and sites of production from Zen TV and Superstar auditions to EMI Arabia and Hizbullah’s Central Internet Bureau. Third, this book breaks the mould of popular literature on media and society in the Middle East. Out with Al Jazeera, democracy, terrorism, and Iraq; in with popular culture, fashion, TV preachers, and the hijab. For its willingness to ask questions about the trajectory of Arab Islamic modernity which are so often left unasked, this book deserves to be taken seriously. The book begins with an important insight: the population of the Middle East is younger and more educated than ever but remains locked in economic stagnation. As a recipe for long-term unrest, this predicament is the lens through which Stratton explores today’s generation of middle class Arab youth. Flitting from Beirut to Damascus the long way—via Amman, Cairo, Dubai, and Kuwait—this work leans more towards a ‘multi-site’ travelogue than a ‘multi-year’ ethnography; but then it never claims to be anything more than a piece of extended journalism. Exploring popular understandings of what it means to be young, Stratton finds two principle cultural developments—the rise of Prince Alaweed’s video-clips and the emergence of Islamic stars such as TV preacher Amr Khaled and singer Sami Yusuf. The equation she draws is that the ‘space between the video-clipper and the veiled-again’ is ‘diminishing.’(199) This is not cultural collision so much as cultural convergence; ultimately Stratton feels that alternative expressions of youth identity are being increasingly clouded out. In her view, the effect for young Arabs is ‘suffocating.’
BOOK REVIEW | The Suppression of Guilt: The Israeli Media & the Reoccupation of the West Bank
Authors: Voelkel Jan
Published: October 2024

If there was a common element in the Israeli media coverage of the 2003 military operation “Defensive Shield,” it was a consistent refusal to accept any guilt for what happened in the Palestinian territories. That is what Daniel Dor argues in The Suppression of Guilt: the Israeli Media and the Reoccupation of the West Bank. If houses were abolished, civilians killed or Palestinian allies arrested, Israeli action was presented as a necessary response to Palestinian action, according to Dor’s provocative work. Dor’s analysis of Ma’ariv, Yediot Ahronot, and Ha’aretz, Israel’s most important newspapers, and its two major television stations Channel 1 and Channel 2 is humbling. After reading The Israeli Media & the Reoccupation of the West Bank, even steadfast optimists who believe in independent media will have to admit that news outlets, at least during war time, tend to dispense with balanced and independent reporting. As Dor shows, most press and television reports on the military action in Ramallah, Nablus and Jenin had nothing to do with free and critical journalism; instead they mirrored the public fascination with soldiers at work and the general political guidelines of the Israeli government. This was most extreme in Ma’ariv, Yediot Ahronot, and Channel 2. Ha’aretz and Channel 1, meanwhile, retained some sense of independence and dared to present alternative views on “Defensive Shield”, be it voices from the Palestinian side or pundits from within Israeli society. Nonetheless, their coverage converged on the general question of guilt and who bore initial responsibility for the conflict, a debate which echoes discussions about the Israel-Hizbullah war in Lebanon. Dor argues that these media agreed on one central point: that the Israeli government was forced to react in 2003 due to the ongoing Palestinian bomb and suicide attacks. Analysts who claimed the contrary were clearly under-represented in the media; if they found their way into the press or onto television, their statements or articles were presented on the rear pages or outside prime-time.
Lebanese women journalists brave war odds
Authors: Abu-Fadil Magda
Published: October 2024

Lebanese women journalists braved bombs, bullets and missiles to report the conflict between Hizbullah and Israel in the summer of 2006, sometimes surpassing their male colleagues’ coverage by providing insight into the conflict’s human nature, says Magda Abu-Fadil.
Bombs and broadcasts: Al Manar’s battle to stay on air
Authors: Cochrane Paul
Published: October 2024

For all the obstacles Pan-Arab satellite channels Al Jazeera and Al Arabiya have faced this year—correspondents attacked, operations banned from Iraq, government harassment in Israel, Iran, and the Gulf—no Arab TV channel has encountered the difficulties of Lebanese broadcaster Al Manar (The Beacon). In fact, no sizeable media outlet has encountered such sustained, deliberate violence since NATO bombed the Radio Television Serbia (RTS) headquarters in Belgrade in 1999, leaving 16 staff dead. A day after the war began between Israel and Hizbullah on July 12, Al Manar, the so-called mouthpiece of Hizbullah, had its headquarters in Beirut's southern suburbs targeted by Israeli warplanes (was this legitimate? see Andrew Exum). Three staff were injured in the initial attack, and the five-storey building was eventually pummelled to dust in seven separate attacks. In the ensuing weeks as Israel’s bombardment continued, Al Manar’s transmitters were targeted, transmissions were jammed and its website was repeatedly hacked.
From A-lists to webtifadas: Developments in the Lebanese blogosphere 2005-2006
Authors: Haugbolle Sune
Published: October 2024

Witnessing the war that engulfed Lebanon in 2006 from the outside was disturbing and frustrating. In the midst of bombing and large-scale displacement of Lebanese civilians, information was hard to get. For people like me with friends and interest in Lebanon, the blogosphere soon became an indispensable addition to the daily dose of BBC and Lebanese media. Blogs simply became the medium of choice for many people outside of Lebanon who wanted to follow and understand the conflict. For Lebanese and other people in Lebanon, blogging offered a unique way to share and discuss their war experience. The war sent the international blogosphere into frantic action and filled chat rooms and postings with heated debate. According to the international blog search engine Technorati, key words during the conflicts, such as Hizbullah and Qana were among the very most requested on the Internet. The blogosphere became not just a space for debate but also for information and alternative views and accounts from the ground, which during previous conflicts in the Middle East has been the privilege of satellite channels. If the first Gulf War in 1991 was CNN’s baptism of fire and the Afghan Invasion in 1998 Al Jazeera’s, the Lebanon War in 2006 has propelled Internet-based journalism, which first appeared during and after the American invasion of Iraq in 2003, from obscurity to the heart of the new Arab public sphere of transnational media. The Lebanon War therefore makes an interesting sampler for wider trends in Middle Eastern blogging and new media. Through a critical discourse analysis of Lebanese blogs from their first stirrings during the “Independence Intifada” of 2005 to the Lebanon War in 2006, this article addresses some of the key concerns in sociological inquiry into new media. Does blogging facilitate rational discourse, respect for opposite opinions and pursuit of the best argument? Can blogs challenge the social authority of old media and in particular the press? If blogs are related to the crafting of new speech genres in other “young” media like mobile phones and emails, what does this new form of expression tell us about social cleavages in the Middle East? To what extent are blogs bourgeois, intellectual properties and to what extent do they reflect non-elite perspectives? And what, if anything, do blogs have to do with democratisation?
Chitosan and PVP: Versatile Biopolymers for Drug Delivery and Advanced Materials
Authors: Sebastian Espinel Pablo , Otuna-Hernández Diego S. , Davies Rosemary , Spencer Lilian , Rodríguez Hortensia
Published: October 2024

Chitosan (CS) is one of the most studied natural polymers in biomaterials because its extraction from the
exoskeletons of crustaceans such as shrimp and crabs is not too complex or expensive. Additionally, this
polysaccharide has hydroxyl and primary amino functional groups in its structure, making it particularly useful
for interacting with other compounds, mainly in acidic media. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), like chitosan, has
antibacterial properties and biocompatibility with living tissue, which has made these two biopolymers the
object of study for the development of new materials with desired properties and in the design of drug delivery
systems (DDS). Both materials can form films and gels; however, one advantage of PVP compared to CS is
its solubility in water. Another essential feature of these biopolymers is their ability to form complexes with
synthetic drugs and natural products, which makes them especially useful in the design of DDS. This review
presents the main characteristics of these biopolymers and addresses the possibility of combining them to
develop materials and DDS that provide individual characteristics to improve their physical, chemical, and
biological properties.
Keywords: chitosan (CS), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), drug delivery systems (DDS), biomaterials.
Public Perception and Knowledge of River Water Quality in Batu Pahat, Johor.
Authors: Kami Nor Amani Filzah Binti Mohd
Published: October 2024

The responsibility for river quality lies with government agencies. However, the success of maintaining river quality does not only rely on government agencies; it needs support from all parties, especially from the public. Thus, this study evaluated the public perceptions and knowledge of river water quality in rural areas, namely, Batu Pahat, Johor. Even though the location of this study is in a rural area, Batu Pahat’s river also suffers from pollution problems based on findings from previous studies. The set of questionnaires was formed and distributed to 506 respondents, which were selected through random sampling. The researchers filled in survey forms during face-to-face interactions with the respondents. Based on the responses, the residents had negative experiences with river water, such as bad smell and colour, suspended solid waste and failure of aquatic life due to river pollution. Due to the place of the respondents live, residents feel they need responsibility for taking care of their river water quality. They are willing to join and donate to support the programme or campaign to increase the river water quality. Residents’ basic knowledge and awareness of river water quality was moderate based on a simple quiz that was tested on them. It is recommended to conduct a program or campaign that can increase the resident’s awareness of river water quality and the impact of the program can be seen in the future.
Integrasi Wanamina Dalam Perikanan: Pendekatan Komprehensif Untuk Konservasi Mangrove
Authors: Rozikin Iftisar , * Apriyadi
Published: October 2024

Mangroves are important ecosystems that provide a variety of ecosystem services, but are threatened by deforestation and land conversion. The integration of wanamina, a coastal agroforestry system that combines fish cultivation with mangrove conservation, is proposed as a potential solution. This research uses a qualitative approach with case study methods from Indonesia, the Philippines and Bangladesh to evaluate the implementation of wanamina. The results show that the integration of agroforestry can increase fisheries productivity and maintain the function of the mangrove ecosystem. In Indonesia, fishermen's income increased by 20% and deforestation was reduced by 15%. In the Philippines, shrimp production increased 25% and mangrove biodiversity increased. In Bangladesh, pressure on mangrove ecosystems is reduced and community welfare is increased. The success of agroforestry depends on government policy, community participation, knowledge and local ecological conditions. Wanamina has great potential as a model for sustainable coastal resource management
The Incidence of Hypoglycemia and Its Risk Factors Among Diabetic Patients at Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz National Guard Hospital in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aljumaidi Areej Meshal , Albakri Jehad Khalid , Alnasr Abdulaziz Abdulelah Abu , Allehyani Ahmed Fauzy
Published: October 2024

Aims: This study aims to investigate the incidence rate and risk factors for hypoglycemia among individuals with type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Saudi Arabia receiving insulin treatment. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz National Guard Hospital in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia, from 2023 to 2024. The study included 255 diabetic patients aged 18 to 65 years who met the inclusion criteria. Data was collected using a validated questionnaire administered through phone calls, covering sociodemographic characteristics, diabetes type, medical history, hypoglycemia history, and compliance with treatment. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 21, employing descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis to identify significant risk factors. Results: Among the 255 participants, 55.3% reported experiencing hypoglycemia, with higher rates observed in patients with type 1 diabetes (100%) compared to type 2 diabetes (55.9%). The study identified significant associations between hypoglycemia and factors such as age, nationality, residence, marital status, and educational level. Additionally, wrong food diet, missing meals, and inadequate knowledge about diabetes management were common causes of hypoglycemic episodes. Most hypoglycemic events (92.5%) occurred outside of the hospital, with 18.6% classified as serious. Conclusions: The findings reveal a high incidence of hypoglycemia among diabetic patients in Saudi Arabia, with a substantial proportion of severe events occurring outside clinical settings. These results highlight the necessity for improved patient education and monitoring strategies to mitigate the risk of hypoglycemia.
The Influence of Human Capital on Fertility Intentions: The Moderating Role of Satisfaction with Leave Policies
Authors: Zou Wenna , Suwanna Thanwarat , Chienwattanasook Krisada
Published: October 2024

In recent years, fertility has received much attention in the context of globalization. This study attempts to assess the influence of human capital on fertility intentions and to examine the moderating effect of satisfactory leave policies between human capital and fertility intentions across different genders. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted in four provinces of China, namely Guangdong, Shandong, Henan, and Sichuan. The results show a positive influence of human capital on fertility intentions and a remarkable moderating effect of satisfaction with vacation policy between human capital and fertility intentions among men. However, there is no significant moderating effect for women. This study suggests that men show higher fertility intentions when they can take leave, which may be due to the expectation of better family support. Conversely, women face significant fertility challenges, which mitigates the impact of leave on their fertility intentions. The study's novelty is that it reveals the differential effects of leave policies on fertility intentions across genders, providing new insights into the gender dynamics of human capital and fertility intentions. Based on these findings, recommendations are proposed for creating a stable employment environment and implementing comprehensive job security measures tailored to women's fertility needs to reduce fertility losses and alleviate employment pressures.
Mapping Word-of-Mouth Pathways: Tie Strength and Contextual Reference Considerations
Authors: Ruslaini Ruslaini , Benardi Benardi
Published: October 2024

This qualitative study explores "Mapping Word-of-Mouth Pathways: Tie Strength and Contextual Reference Considerations" with the aim of understanding the dynamics of word-of-mouth (WOM) communication. The research model investigates the influence of tie strength and contextual references on the propagation of WOM messages. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select participants representing diverse social networks and contexts. Data analysis involved thematic analysis to identify patterns and themes in the qualitative data. The findings reveal that tie strength plays a significant role in shaping the direction and intensity of WOM exchanges, with strong ties facilitating more direct and impactful communication. Contextual references, including situational factors and target group characteristics, also influence WOM pathways, guiding the dissemination of messages. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of WOM dynamics and provides insights for marketers and communicators seeking to leverage WOM effectively.
DECORTICAÇÃO PULMONAR NO TRATAMENTO DE EMPIEMA: INDICAÇÕES E RESULTADOS CLÍNICOS
Authors: Carlos Henrique Meireles Vieira  , Celio da Costa Ribeiro Pinto  , Marcos Vinicius Borges Martins  , Vitória Maria Almada Bezerra  , Ruhanna Tabatinga Cardoso  , Allison Vieira Cavalcante  , Larissa Rodrigues Vieira  , Gabriela Maria Lavôr Néri Dantas  , Júlia Mendes Barbosa  , Aline Martins Moreira  , Rhanna Kézia Wandekoken Will  , Nino Mateus Tavares Testoni  , Felipe César Aquino Ramos da Silveira  , Kawanny Eler Matt  , Ralline Malala Rodrigues Melo  , Matheus Oliveira Cardoso  , Leticia Nunes Costa  , Isabela Araújo da Silva  , Maria Eduarda Gomes Policarpo  , Leonardo Assunção Lima  , Julio Alexandre Gemente Lozano
Published: October 2024

O empiema pleural, caracterizado pela presença de pus na cavidade pleural, é uma condição grave que pode resultar de infecções pulmonares não controladas, traumatismos torácicos ou complicações pós-cirúrgicas. A decorticação pulmonar é uma intervenção cirúrgica importante no tratamento de empiema avançado, especialmente quando os métodos conservadores falham. Esta revisão narrativa sintetiza evidências sobre as indicações e resultados clínicos da decorticação pulmonar, destacando sua eficácia na recuperação da função pulmonar e melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Estudos demonstram que, apesar de ser uma técnica tradicional, a decorticação apresenta altas taxas de sucesso, com baixa mortalidade e recuperação funcional, embora esteja associada a complicações pós-operatórias. A evolução das técnicas minimamente invasivas, como a videotoracoscopia assistida por vídeo (VATS), oferece vantagens adicionais, mas a decorticação aberta ainda é preferida para casos mais complexos. A escolha da intervenção deve ser individualizada, considerando o estágio do empiema, o perfil do paciente e a resposta ao tratamento inicial. Futuras pesquisas devem focar na otimização das técnicas cirúrgicas e na definição do momento ideal para a intervenção.
Synthesis of New Derivatives of Leaf-Eating Ant Toxic Gland Pheromone Compounds and Investigation of their Biological Properties
Authors: Mohammadi Mahdi , Khadimzada Saadullah , Moradi Hassanali , Raesi Ghulam Reza
Published: October 2024

‌Background: The anti-mycobacterial characteristics of 2-pyrazinoic acid esters have been discovered through recent research. Research has demonstrated that the pyrazine ring and the alkyl part of these compounds interact with the enzyme phytynetase, which in turn inhibits the interaction between NADPH and mycobacterial fatty acids synthase, the enzyme responsible for synthesizing the fatty acids required for the cell wall of mycobacteria. Materials and Methods: Targeted pyrazinoic acid molecules have been synthesized, their structure verified by spectroscopic data, and their anti-mycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium TB H37Rv at a dose of 10 micrograms per milliliter assessed in order to test this theory. Significant anti-mycobacterial capabilities were shown by several compounds, including 3c, 3J, and 3M, which inhibited mycobacterial growth by 45.7%, 45.4%, and 51%, respectively. Findings: The results showed that the compounds exhibited little toxicity and did not inhibit macrophage cell proliferation. Pyrazinamide had significant antibacterial and antifungal activity, despite its lack of fatal action against non-tubercular mycobacteria and both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Compound 3B, for example, exhibited excellent antibacterial properties against Gram-positive bacteria, such as S. aureus, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 125 micrograms per milliliter. Conversely, the compounds showed equally potent antibacterial properties against Gram-negative bacteria. Interestingly, compared to Gram-positive bacteria, the ester produced from maltol exhibited greater antibacterial efficacy against Gram-negative bacteria. Compounds synthesized with biodegradable groups also exhibited time-dependent toxicity against K562 leukemia cancer cells in MTT measurements, with compounds 3e and 3J displaying IC50 values of 25 micromolars. Conclusion: After synthesizing pyrazinoic acid monoterpene esters, spectral data was used to confirm their structures. When their biological characteristics were assessed, toxicity studies against K562 leukemia cells produced encouraging results. Through the use of Thio Ester-mediated activation of 2-pyrazinoic acid by 2, 2-dibenzothiazole disulfide and triphenylphosphine, 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) was coupled with pyrazinoic acid.
Effect of Salinity Stress on the Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Peppermint under Greenhouse Condition
Authors: Tajzadah Abdul Wase , Mousavifard Sadegh , Akramzoi Ihsanullah , Mirzaei Najafgholi Hossein , Rezaei Nejad Abdolhossein
Published: October 2024

Peppermint is a rich source of valuable compounds with therapeutic, coloring, preservative and other uses for humans. Peppermint is used in food, perfumery and medicine all over the world. Higher plants experience salt stress due to an excessive buildup of sodium chloride; salinity impacts plants through osmotic stress and toxicity. Salinity impacts every major activity in plants, including growth, photosynthesis, lipid metabolism, protein synthesis, energy production, and germination through biomass and seed formation. The experiment was carried out in the research farm of agriculture faculty of Lorestan University, Iran. The aim of the current research was to examine the effect of different levels of salinity (0, 50 and 100 mM) on the morphological and physiological characteristics of peppermint in the greenhouse. The result showed that salinity stress at 50 and 100 millimole (mM), decreased plant height (11.76%, 23.53%), number of leaves (25.11%, 33.92%), leaf surface (24.76%, 56.37%), crown diameter (14.15%, 25.47%), root length (20.61%, 31.58%), leaf fresh weight (14.47%, 30.47%), leaf dry weight (1.16%, 12.69%), fresh weight of stem (10.78%, 21.11%), dry weight of stem (16.32%, 37.76%), chlorophyll a (46.08% and 61.09%), Chlorophyll b (32.48% and 41.65%), total chlorophyll (40.84% and 53.59%) and carotenoid (34.67% and 67.02%) compared to the control conditions respectively. Hence, increase in salinity concentration at 50 and 100 mM, increased the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) (37.06% and 73.63%), leaf proline (301.50% and 382.09%) and essential oil (100.40% and 80.32% compared to control. The results of this study showed that, the salinity stress had a significant effect on the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of peppermint. The results showed that, increases in the salinity stress, significantly increased the amount of electrolyte leakage, production of essential oil, malondialdehyde and proline. Moreover, increase salinity levels in irrigation water, caused reduction in growth characteristics of peppermint. It is to be concluded that, Peppermint is a semi-salt resistant plant, cultivation of peppermint in the medium saline soil is recommended.
Investigating the Relationship Between Climate Change and Health: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Malik Sehrish , Yaseen Taha , Habib Faiza , Malik Sameen Ahmad , Zia Arifullah
Published: October 2024

Climate change (CC) stands out as a significant menace to human health in the 21st century. The escalation of global surface temperatures and the anticipated surge in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events pose imminent threats. Despite the global gravity of this issue, research specific to the Pakistani context is scarce. Therefore, the current study endeavors to examine the relationship between climate change and its impact on human health in the context of Pakistan. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 167 graduate and postgraduate students at University of Engineering Technology (UET) Lahore, Pakistan from 10 November to 10 December 2023. A probability- simple random technique was used to collect study participants. Data was gathered using questionnaire-based approach from the respondents. The data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 26. In this study, a total of 167 participants were enrolled. Of them, 52.7% were male and 47.3% were female. Among the respondents, (48.5%) strongly agreed that CC is occurring in Pakistan and has a notable impact on human health (47.3%), and 81.4% strongly supported the idea that human activities are the primary cause of CC. Moreover, 49.1% stating that CC leads to air pollution, resulting in severe health consequences such as asthma, COPD, pneumonia, and cardiovascular disease. Climate change is noticeably widespread in Pakistan, impacting human health and giving rise to serious diseases. Despite the severity of its consequences on human health, there is a notable lack of attention to this issue in Pakistan. It is crucial to address this gap by raising awareness among students.