bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Day-to-day dynamics of fetal heart rate variability to detect chorioamnionitis in preterm premature rupture of membranes
Authors: Taoum Aline , Carrault Guy , Tesson Caroline , Esvan Maxime , Laviolle Bruno , Lassel Linda
Published: January 2025

Background

Chorioamnionitis is recognized as a major consequence of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), and a frequent cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The association between fetal heart rate (FHR) and chorioamnionitis remains unclear.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of FHR in a PPROM population at the approach of delivery according to the presence or absence of chorioamnionitis.

Materials & methods

120 pregnant women with PPROM between 26 and 34 weeks’ gestation were enrolled in this multicenter prospective unblinded study. All participants were fully informed of the study’s objectives. 39 of the 120 patients were included in the analysis of FHR recordings. The analysis consisted of extracting features from computerized FHR analysis (cFHR) and fetal heart rate variability analysis (FHRV) in the temporal, frequency and nonlinear domains. Then, each set of features was analyzed separately using the multiple factor analysis, where three groups were defined as the feature set for days 0, -1 and -2 prior to birth. The distances between the global projection and the projections for each day were computed and used in the ROC analysis to distinguish chorioamnionitis from non-chorioamnionitis group.

Results

The results showed that there were significant differences in certain features between populations with and without chorioamnionitis. The distinction between the two populations reached an area under the curve (AUC) of only 37% [34–40] for cFHR features and 63% [59–66] for time-domain FHRV features when comparing all stages of chorioamnionitis to non-chorioamnionitis subjects. When only stage 3 chorioamnionitis was compared to non-chorioamnionitis patients, the AUC reached 90% [88–93] for nonlinear-domain and 84% [82–87] for time-domain FHRV features, whereas it was limited to 71% [68–74] using cFHR features.

Conclusion

The present study suggests that the HRV features are more reliable for diagnosing chorioamnionitis than cFHR, and that the assessment of features dynamics over several days is an interesting tool for detecting chorioamnionitis. Further study should be carried out on a larger sample to confirm these findings, improve the diagnostic performance of chorioamnionitis and help clinicians decide on delivery criteria.
Misbehavior or misalignment? Examining the drift towards bureaucratic box-ticking in Competency-Based Medical Education
Authors: Strand Alicia C. , Gingerich Andrea , Daniels Vijay John
Published: January 2025

Within competency-based medical education (CBME) residency programs, Entrustable Professional Activity (EPA) assessments endeavor to both bolster learning and inform promotion decisions. Recent implementation studies describe successes but also adverse effects, including residents and preceptors drifting towards bureaucratic / purely administrative behaviors and attitudes, although the drivers behind this tendency are not adequately understood. This study sought to examine resident and faculty experiences with implemented EPA processes to elucidate what leads them toward a ‘tick-box’ approach that has been described in the literature. The internal medicine residency program at the University of Alberta implemented a CBME pilot in 2016. From March to June 2018, a research assistant interviewed 16 residents and 27 preceptors shortly after they completed an EPA assessment. They described their goals, judgements, and actions during a recent EPA observation. Three researchers analyzed the data to identify themes following qualitative description methodology. The requirement to accrue EPA assessments turned them into currency exchanged by preceptors and residents to acknowledge clinical work. Predicaments arose when the prescriptive EPA process felt misaligned with the assessment context. The selected encounter sometimes suited formative but not summative purposes. Preceptors variably prioritized the dual formative and summative purposes and framed the message for either the resident’s or the program’s benefit. The drift toward bureaucracy in workplace-based assessments is becoming a predictable implementation pattern. Instead of solely attributing this pattern to residents and preceptors misusing the assessment process, viewing their actions as workarounds suggests that users make rational choices to overcome obstacles in the assessment system. Obstacles identified by workarounds could be targeted by design modifications.
Virological outcomes of antiretroviral therapy and its determinants among HIV patients in Ethiopia: Implications for achieving the 95–95–95 target
Authors: Kitaw Tegene Atamenta , Haile Ribka Nigatu
Published: January 2025

Background

Despite significant advancements in HIV treatment, virological outcomes remain a critical issue. Ethiopia did not meet the 90:90:90 targets set for 2020, which aimed for 90% of people on antiretroviral therapy to achieve viral suppression. As the country shifts its focus toward the 95:95:95 targets for 2030—seeking to achieve 95% viral suppression among those on ART—it is crucial to deepen our understanding of viral suppression and the factors that influence it.

Methods

Virological suppression was examined among 410 HIV-positive individuals on ART using the EPHIA survey. The survey employed a two-stage, stratified sampling design across urban areas in nine regions and two city administrations. Data analysis was conducted with STATA version 18, and multicollinearity was assessed using variance inflation factors. A logistic regression model identified significant determinants of viral suppression, with variables having a p-value of ≤0.05 considered statistically significant in the multivariable analysis.

Results

The findings revealed that 364 participants (88.78%) achieved viral suppression. Key determinants of virological outcomes included a higher wealth level (AOR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.15–6.22), the presence of active TB (AOR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.14–0.57), hepatitis B virus (AOR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.10–0.31), and the utilization of HIV support group care (AOR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.35–6.30).

Conclusion

Viral suppression among HIV patients is 88.78%, which even falls short of the WHO’s 90% target for 2020, indicating the substantial work required to achieve 95% by 2030. To improve virological outcomes, it is crucial to increase support for low-income patients, enhance management of co-infections like TB and hepatitis B, and expand access to HIV support groups for better adherence and care.
Extraction of compression indices from maternal-fetal heart rate simultaneous signals
Authors: Ramos Mariana S. , Brás Susana , Pinto Paula , Castro Luísa
Published: January 2025

Intrapartum asphyxia is responsible for approximately 900 000 deaths per year worldwide. These numbers show the urgency of investing in the quality of fetal health care. The heart rate signal is a complex signal and sometimes behaves unpredictably. Thus, it becomes relevant to study approaches that take into account their complexity, namely non-linear compression-based methods. In this work, feature extraction was based on two approaches: univariate and bivariate. The univariate approach is concerned with the extraction of fetal, maternal and maternal-fetal compression ratios and the bivariate approach aims to extract compression indices from maternal-fetal heart rate simultaneous signals and of each of the signals individually over time. To understand how the features calculated in this work can be useful in distinguishing acidemic and non-acidemic cases, a classifier was applied. Three different classifiers were tested, and the one that proved to be more effective was the Support-Vector Machine. Furthermore, it was also possible to conclude that the input set of variables that provides a better performance (f1-score = 0.793) of the classifier is composed of the variables of maternal-fetal compression ratio, maternal-fetal normalized relative compression and maternal-fetal normalized compression distance, obtained through trend and residual signal, which indicates that slow and fast fluctuations on the heart rate time series are important in acidemia assessment.
Impact of posterior septectomy on olfaction in endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery
Authors: Lee Jae Yoon , Park Jae Sung , Jeun Sin Soo , Kim Sung Won , Kim Do Hyun , Kim Soo Whan
Published: January 2025

Background

Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery is widely used to resect pituitary adenomas, yet its impact on olfactory function after resection of the posterosuperior nasal septum remains a concern. To optimize surgical techniques to preserve olfactory function, it is essential to understand the relationship between the extent of septal resection and olfactory outcomes.

Methods

This retrospective study analyzed 295 patients who underwent pituitary adenoma surgery. The extent of nasal septum resection was quantified and its impact on olfactory function was assessed using the Cross-Cultural Smell Identification Test (CCSIT), Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22), and a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for olfactory loss. Preoperative and 6-month postoperative scores were compared to evaluate changes in olfactory function.

Results

There was a significant correlation between larger septal resections and greater reductions in CCSIT scores, indicating a decline in olfactory function. Furthermore, patients with more extensive septal resections reported increased discomfort and olfactory loss, as evidenced by higher SNOT-22 and VAS scores. These findings highlight the importance of the nasal septum in maintaining laminar airflow and its role in olfactory function.

Conclusion

Study underscores the adverse effects of extensive posterior septectomy on olfactory outcomes. Minimizing the extent of septal resection may help preserve olfactory function, suggesting a need for surgical strategies that maintain septum integrity to reduce the risk of postoperative olfactory impairment.
A GPU-accelerated fuzzy method for real-time CT volume filtering
Authors: Tendero Delicado Celia , Pérez Mónica Chillarón , Arnal García Josep , Vidal Gimeno Vicent , Blanco Pérez Esther
Published: January 2025

During acquisition and reconstruction, medical images may become noisy and lose diagnostic quality. In the case of CT scans, obtaining less noisy images results in a higher radiation dose being administered to the patient. Filtering techniques can be utilized to reduce radiation without losing diagnosis capabilities. The objective in this work is to obtain an implementation of a filter capable of processing medical images in real-time. To achieve this we have developed several filter methods based on fuzzy logic, and their GPU implementations, to reduce mixed Gaussian-impulsive noise. These filters have been developed to work in attenuation coefficients so as to not lose any information from the CT scans. The testing volumes come from the Mayo clinic database and consist of CT volumes at full and at simulated low dose. The GPU parallelizations reach speedups of over 2700 and take less than 0.1 seconds to filter more than 300 slices. In terms of quality the filter is competitive with other state of the art algorithmic and AI filters. The proposed method obtains good performance in terms of quality and the parallelization results in real-time filtering.
Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae among Brazilian children: Interplay with viral co-infection
Authors: Pizzutti Kauana , Comerlato Juliana , Oliveira Daniele Vargas de , Robaina Amanda , Mott Mariana Preussler , Vieira Pedro Uriel Pedrotti , Fetzner Tiago , Cunha Gabriela Rosa da , Barros Muriel Primon de , Verardo Jaqueline , Bruscato Neide Maria , Santana João Carlos Batista , Corte Roberta Rigo Dalla , Moriguchi Emilio Hideyuki , Cantarelli Vlademir Vicente , Dias Cícero Armídio Gomes
Published: January 2025

Nasopharyngeal transmission of Streptococcus pneumoniae is a prerequisite for the development of pneumococcal diseases. Previous studies have reported a relationship between respiratory viruses and S. pneumoniae infections. However, there are few studies on this issue among healthy children. This study aimed to examine the relationships between these agents in healthy children from Southern Brazil. This cohort study included 229 nasopharyngeal samples collected from children aged 18–59 months at baseline. S. pneumoniae was detected using bacterial culture, whereas respiratory viruses were identified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A questionnaire was used at the time of sample collection and medical records were reviewed 14 days after participant inclusion. The prevalence of pneumococcal carriage was 63.7% (146/229), while respiratory viruses were detected in 49.3% (113/229) of the children. Respiratory viruses were more frequently found among pneumococcal carriers than among non-carriers (54.4% vs. 39.7%, p = 0.033). Additionally, rhinovirus (hRV) was more frequent among the pneumococcal carriers (39% vs. 21.7%, p = 0.012), and the presence of human bocavirus (hBOV) alone was associated with the absence of pneumococcal carriage (2.7% vs. 10.8%, p = 0.016). No differences were found in the frequency of pneumococcal carriage, respiratory virus detection, or the co-occurrence of clinical symptoms and diagnosis in the participants 14 days after specimen collection. Our findings revealed a positive relationship between pneumococcal carriage and respiratory virus detection, particularly for hRV. However, we did not observe a relationship between nasopharyngeal respiratory viruses and pneumococci detection during medical appointments, respiratory symptoms, or diseases. This study was one of the first investigations in Latin America to explore the relationship between respiratory viruses and pneumococcal carriage in a healthy children.
Reflections on Plutarch’s Lives of Aemilius Paullus and Timoleon
Authors: Sansone David
Published: January 2025

Plutarch opens the Lives of Aemilius Paullus and Timoleon with a metaphor comparing his writing of biographies to a mirror in which he contemplates his own life.  This is the only time in the Lives he uses this metaphor.  The paper seeks to relate this image to the fact that, apparently for the first time, Plutarch has placed the Life of his Greek hero after that of the Roman.  It is suggested that this reversal of his usual practice, combined with several subtle indications throughout the pair of Lives, indicates Plutarch’s greater sympathy for, and even identification with, Timoleon, despite his frequent efforts to appear to be even-handed in his treatment of the two men.
A Note on Plu. Cim. 18.2-5: Cimon’s Dream and Astyphilus of Poseidonia
Authors: Tanga Fabio
Published: January 2025

The paper examinates Plutarch’s Life of Cimon 18.2-5, passage in which Astyphilus from Poseidonia interprets a dream made by Cimon and predicts the death of the Athenian statesman. A literary analysis of Plutarch’s anecdote, compared with other similar dreams from the Parallel Lives and considered with some deductions on Astyphilus and the activity of the ancient dream interpreters, if related with some evidences from the history and archaeology of Poseidonia and with the testimony of Hdt. 1.165-167, suggests to postulate the existence of a notable tradition of oneiromancy and oracular exegesis from the ancient city of Poseidonia.
Preliminary Stages or Final Destinations? Plutarch’s Remarks on the Subjects of Most Interest to Beginners in Philosophy
Authors: Tsiampokalos Theofanis
Published: January 2025

In his influential doctoral dissertation Fritz Krauss adopted Rudolf Hirzel’s view that as a young man Plutarch had turned from the study of rhetoric to the study of philosophy. His aim was to establish that any of Plutarch’s surviving texts that display explicit traces of rhetorical conventions date to his early years. However, Krauss provided only one piece of positive evidence to support Hirzel’s conjecture: a passage from On Progress in Virtue. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that, upon closer examination, this passage does not depict engagement with rhetoric as a preliminary stage in the education of young men, but rather, it describes the opposite process.
Resiliência académica
Authors: Vigário Maria , Jorge Santos Paulo , Coimbra Susana
Published: January 2025

A pobreza e a acumulação de fatores de risco associados à vivência em bairros de habitação social fazem com que estes constituam contextos que desafiam o desenvolvimento e o ajustamento psicológicos, em particular do ponto de vista académico e profissional. De facto, o insucesso e/ou abandono escolar são desfechos menos positivos que frequentemente pautam o percurso académico de crianças e jovens provenientes destes contextos sociais. Contudo, existe um grupo reduzido de pessoas que conclui a sua formação no ensino superior. O presente estudo analisa sete narrativas de pessoas com este perfil adotando para o efeito uma perspetiva ecológico-desenvolvimental e com recurso à análise de conteúdo temática reflexiva. Teve como objetivo estudar os mecanismos de risco e de proteção que contribuíram para a sua trajetória de resiliência académica. Os resultados da investigação sugerem que as experiências de sucesso, a interação positiva com outros contextos, a presença de figuras de apoio e a valorização dos/as professores/as ao longo do percurso foram variáveis fundamentais para o amortecimento do efeito do risco decorrente da residência em bairros de habitação social e, consequentemente, para o desenvolvimento de resiliência académica. O estudo fornece pistas para a intervenção junto de populações em situação de vulnerabilidade, em particular de residentes em bairros de habitação social, no sentido de incrementar trajetórias que permitam quebrar os ciclos de reprodução social de pobreza.
Protágoras no Teeteto: argumentos da “defesa” e da “autorrefutação”
Authors: José Gabriel José Gabriel
Published: January 2025

Podem se explicar as mudanças na atitude de ‘Sócrates’ perante ‘Protágoras’, no Teeteto? O filósofo parece louvá-lo só para depois o censurar, embora sempre mostre respeitá-lo. Pode tal comportamento ser justificado pela ironia? Que relação liga o sofista às “doutrinas secretas”, atribuídas a discípulos seus? Por que razão ‘Sócrates’ o critica, depois o defende, como se fosse ele o próprio sofista, para acabar por acusar a “Verdade” do outro de se autorrefutar? Este texto tenta responder a estas e outras perguntas, com o objetivo de compreender como pode ‘Sócrates’ afastar ‘Protágoras’ sem nunca o refutar.
Male homoerotic practices in Achaemenid Persia: an overview
Authors: Treuk Medeiros de Araujo Matheus
Published: January 2025

Descriptions of Ancient Persian male homoeroticism come mainly from Classical sources, which, however, seem to present divergent testimonies regarding this practice. Some authors apparently provide proof for its widespread acceptance, whereas others, particularly later authors, emphasized its prohibition. Considering the many difficulties involved in the reconstruction of Persian history through the eyes of classical Greeks and Romans, this article aims to provide a brief overview of the subject, with some clues to the question of the origin, form, and tolerance of same-sex love in Achaemenid Persia. We agree that homoerotic practices were attested and likely accepted at some level in Achaemenid Persia. However, we believe that the evidence available to us is not enough to obtain a full understanding of this phenomenon. It is also stressed that not every Greek or Roman reference to Persian male homoeroticism should be taken at face value, as some are distorted and fictitious or lack firsthand knowledge. Finally, we briefly address the image of eunuchs as sexual partners of Achaemenid kings.
Introdução
Authors: Cornelli Gabriele , Wolf Eduardo
Published: January 2025

O dossiê A Democracia Antiga Revisitada, que a Revista Archai ora apresenta, resulta diretamente do XIX Seminário Internacional Archai dedicado a este tema e realizado na Universidade de Brasília entre os dias 22 e 26 de agosto de 2022.
A democracia antiga revisitada pelos estudos de gênero: o sequestro das cidadãs na historiografia da Atenas clássica
Authors: Bacelar Agatha Pitombo , Leite Letticia , Pio Fernanda Israel
Published: January 2025

Neste artigo, investigamos o impacto da inclusão da categoria gênero, articulada a uma perspectiva decolonial, na análise da cidadania ateniense, especificamente na Atenas clássica democrática. Contrariamente à concepção tradicional que vê a polis como um "clube de homens", muito influenciada pelos estudos sobre Aristóteles acerca de cidadania, a leitura destaca a presença explícita de mulheres cidadãs nas sociedades helênicas antigas. Ao centrar o debate em aspectos vinculados ao contexto antigo e atentar para a projeção de referências modernas, propomos uma reflexão mais ampla sobre as práticas políticas na antiguidade. Estudos contemporâneos têm revelado que a cidadania grega antiga não se baseia exclusivamente na exclusão sistemática das mulheres de todos os contextos. Mulheres cidadãs são mencionadas e representadas em diversas fontes às quais temos acesso. A persistência do estereótipo do "clube de homens" na política antiga é questionada, com destaque para a importância da religião no contexto cívico, onde mulheres desempenham papéis ativos. Indagamos sobre o interesse contemporâneo em perpetuar a visão da polis como exclusivamente masculina e como essa percepção afeta a compreensão da participação das mulheres no cenário político. Concluímos destacando a importância de revisitar textos antigos sob uma perspectiva crítica contemporânea, feminista e decolonial, desafiando a ideia de que as mulheres sempre estiveram à margem da política.
Censura e liberdade de expressão em duas cenas de Acarnenses, de Aristófanes
Authors: Agostini Cristina de Souza
Published: January 2025

O artigo propõe a análise, em espectro comparativo, de duas cenas da comédia aristofânica Acarnenses, a saber, a entrada de Anfíteo e o discurso dos embaixadores. Por meio da contraposição desses dois momentos da peça, sustento a ideia de que o instrumento de decisão democrática, a assembleia, constitui-se como terreno profícuo para a censura de pautas que privilegiem a aplicação de políticas dirigidas para o bem comum, ao mesmo tempo em que consagra a liberdade da fala dos que apresentam agendas personalistas às custas da miséria do demos. Assim, funcionando como cortina de fumaça para o enriquecimento de líderes políticos, o discurso que apoia o prosseguimento da Guerra do Peloponeso é o único para o qual há liberdade de expressão, enquanto seu contrário, o discurso pacifista, deve ser censurado, até mesmo com o uso da violência.
Imigrantes e dissidentes: Estoicismo e ação política radical em Roma
Authors: Dinucci Aldo , Rudolph Kelli , Balieiro Marcos , Whiting Kai
Published: January 2025

Este artigo é uma tentativa de esclarecer a relação entre a posição dissidente assumida por estoicos antigos em seu contexto social e a maneira corajosa como defenderam suas posições políticas a partir de alguns princípios do sistema estoico, o que levou muitos deles ao exílio e à morte durante o Período Imperial Romano (terceira fase da civilização romana, que se estendeu de 27 AEC a 476 EC). Sugerimos que a marginalização desses grupos, bem como a sua perseguição, posiciona os estoicos de maneira única, tanto em seu próprio tempo como no nosso.
Systematic Literature Review of Machine Learning Models for Detecting DDoS Attacks in IoT Networks
Authors: Luengo Viñuela Marcos , Román Gallego Jesús-Ángel
Published: January 2025

The escalating integration of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has led to a surge in data generation within networks, consequently elevating the vulnerability to Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. Detecting such attacks in IoT Networks is critical, and Machine Learning (ML) models have shown efficacy in this realm. This study conducts a systematic review of literature from 2018 to 2023, focusing on DDoS attack detection in IoT Networks using deep learning techniques. Employing the PRISMA methodology, the review identifies and evaluates studies, synthesizing key findings/2**. It highlights that incorporating deep learning significantly enhances DDoS attack detection precision and efficiency, achieving detection rates between 94 % and 99 %. Despite progress, challenges persist, such as limited training data and IoT device processing constraints with large data volumes. This review underscores the importance of addressing these challenges to improve DDoS attack detection in IoT Networks. The research's significance lies in IoT's growing importance and security concerns. It contributes by showcasing current state-of-the-art DDoS detection through deep learning while outlining persistent challenges. Recognizing deep learning's effectiveness sets the stage for refining IoT security protocols, and moreover, by identifying challenges, the research informs strategies to enhance IoT security, fostering a resilient framework.
La reforma interior de Valencia y la producción de espacios problemáticos: los solares de San Francisco y el barrio de Pescadores (1880-1906)
Authors: Ramón Ros Jorge
Published: January 2025

Este artículo aborda la proyección y legitimación de diversas reformas urbanas en el centro histórico de Valencia durante la Restauración. En concreto, analiza el proceso de estigmatización socioespacial de dos entornos neurálgicos interconectados (el barrio de Pescadores y los solares del convento de San Francisco) situados entre el ayuntamiento y la principal estación de ferrocarril de la ciudad. Para ello, explora cómo las intervenciones urbanísticas en estas zonas fueron influidas por distintas percepciones peyorativas elaboradas por periodistas, órganos policiales y políticos municipales sobre su fisonomía, las actividades socioeconómicas de sus habitantes y las supuestas consecuencias de su existencia para la ciudad. Además, estudia las causas y los protagonistas de la conflictividad social en ambas zonas, sometidas a procesos selectivos de vigilancia policial y degradación urbanística.
Identification of Marbofloxacin-Susceptible Bacterial Uropathogens in Feline Urinary Tract Infection of Different Age Groups
Authors: Udasmara Sekarani Arifah , Retnaningrum Endah
Published: January 2025

Urinary tract infections (UTI), an adhesion and multiplication of bacterial uropathogens in the urogenital system, are one of the most important indications for antimicrobial use in veterinary medicine and contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Previously, it was revealed that older cats with an average of 9.1 years old are most likely to develop UTI, however a contradicting investigation stated kittens and young adults are more likely to contract UTI. Along with the uprising of amoxicillin- and ampicillin-resistant uropathogens, the study aims to turn towards marbofloxacin reserve and to analyze their potency. Furthermore, the current study aims to enumerate and compare the number of uropathogens between age groups. Enumeration and identification of uropathgoens from urine samples of feline UTI patients were was conducted through the urine culture on EMB, MSA, and BHI medium followed by an IMViC test and inoculation to the Mueller-Hinton agar to observe the zone of inhibition. The investigation revealed that a higher number of younger cats and kittens were reported to have UTI and catheter-induced UTI with a higher number of uropathogens in the population. The uropathogens were further identified as Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Escherichia spp., and Klebsiella spp. Additionally, marbofloxacin was found to be effective in eliminating and inhibiting the growth of these uropathogens. In conclusion, younger cats were observed to be more prone to UTI of a diverse range of uropathogens, however, marbofloxacin may aid in the treatment of the cats as it has been proven to be most effective.
Post COVID: Einmal mehr Myalgische Enzephalomyelitis (ME) / Chronisches Fatigue-Syndrom (CFS)
Authors: Kedor C. , Bellmann Strobel J. , Wittke K.
Published: January 2025

Die Corona-Pandemie wurde im Jahr 2023 von der WHO als beendet erklärt. Die Folgen dieser Pandemie sind jedoch weiterhin präsent. Ein Teil der SARS-CoV-2-Infizierten beklagt anhaltende gesundheitliche Beeinträchtigungen und hat ein Post-COVID-Syndrom (PCS) gemäß WHO-Definition entwickelt. Viele dieser Patienten beschreiben als Leitsymptom Fatigue mit Belastungsintoleranz. Parallelen zur Symptomatik von Myalgische Enzephalomyelitis/chronisches Fatigue-Syndrom (ME/CFS) sind offensichtlich. Im Folgenden wird eine Zusammenfassung der in den Jahren 2022 und 2023 publizierten Untersuchungen zu den ersten im Charité Fatigue Centrum vorstelligen Patienten mit anhaltenden Symptomen sechs Monate nach COVID-19 dargestellt. Knapp die Hälfte der Patienten präsentierte sich mit einem Vollbild von ME/CFS und waren im Verlauf weiterhin schwer krank. Die Erkenntnisse geben uns die Chance, das Krankheitsbild und dessen Pathomechanismen besser zu verstehen und ermöglicht, gezielt Therapieansätze im Rahmen von klinischen Studien zu entwickeln. Schlüsselwörter: Long COVID, Post-COVID-Syndrom, Myalgische Enzephalomyelitis/Chronisches Fatigue-Syndrom (ME/CFS), postakut infektiöse Erkrankungen (PAIS)
Post-COVID aus Sicht der Rentenversicherung
Authors: Trefzer T. , Brüggemann S. , Weinbrenner S.
Published: January 2025

Der vorliegende Beitrag bietet einen Überblick über die Entwicklung der medizinischen Rehabilitation bei Post-COVIDSyndrom (PCS) in Trägerschaft der Deutschen Rentenversicherung (DRV). Als Basis dienten die Routine-Daten, die aus dem einheitlichen Reha-Entlassungsbericht gewonnen werden. Berücksichtigt wurden hierbei nur Rehabilitationen nach § 15 SGB VI, d.h. Rehabilitationen bei Personen, die sich im erwerbsfähigen Alter befinden. Es handelt sich um eine Querschnittsanalyse aller medizinischen Rehabilitationen bei PCS in Trägerschaft der DRV, die in den Jahren 2021 bis 2023 abgeschlossen wurden. Die dargestellten Entwicklungen zeigen, dass PCS weiterhin relevant in der medizinischen Rehabilitation der Deutschen Rentenversicherung ist. Bei vielen Betroffenen gibt es positive Entwicklungen im Langzeitverlauf, die Rehabilitation kann hier einen wichtigen Beitrag leisten. Dennoch gibt es auch Betroffene, bei denen eine Wiedereingliederung ins Erwerbsleben absehbar, d.h. innerhalb von sechs Monaten nicht möglich ist. Dieser Anteil ist erhöht in den Fachabteilungen für Neurologie, vermutlich aufgrund der Einschränkungen im Bereich der Kognition. Schlüsselwörter: Deutsche Rentenversicherung, medizinische Rehabilitation, Post-COVID-Syndrom, Erwerbsminderungsrente
Begutachtung bei Post-COVID für die gesetzliche Unfallversicherung
Authors: Widder B. , Tegenthoff M.
Published: January 2025

Die Begutachtung geklagter Post-COVID-Beschwerden stellt angesichts der pathogenetisch bis heute nicht vollständig verstandenen Krankheitsbilder nach einer SARS-CoV-2-Infektion eine interdisziplinäre Herausforderung dar. Neben der fachspezifischen Beurteilung infektbedingter Organschäden liegt die wesentliche Problematik im gutachtlichen Nachweis und der Kausalitätsbewertung der vielgestaltigen subjektiven Beschwerdebilder, insbesondere einer geklagten Fatigue-Symptomatik und von Dyspnoe. Zu empfehlen ist ein gestuftes gutachtliches Vorgehen, bei dem zunächst eine symptomorientierte Organdiagnostik zur Sicherung bzw. zum Ausschluss infektbedingter Organschäden erfolgt. Danach gilt es, subjektiv geklagte Beschwerden im Sinne eines »Indizienbeweises« anhand möglichst vieler Indizien indirekt zu objektivieren. Hierzu gehören die Heranziehung des Vorerkrankungsverzeichnisses, die Erfassung möglicher konkurrierender Faktoren sowie eine geeignete Beschwerdenvalidierung. Schlüsselwörter: Begutachtung, Post-COVID-Syndrom, Berufskrankheit, Arbeitsunfall
Theory and Method in Urban Ethnomusicology
Authors: Jurková Zuzana
Published: January 2025

Most of us live in cities. Surrounded by an urban environment, more and more ethnomusicologists are investigating urban phenomena. Despite that, when we started with more systematic research of Prague musics, we couldn’t find a theory in which “urbanness” would be conceived as a substantial feature.
Urban Heterophony and the Mediation of Place
Authors: McMurray Peter
Published: January 2025

This paper explores a variety of methodologies that offer ethnographic access to the kinds of "humanly organized sound" that typify urban acoustic spaces. The case studies draw from ongoing research on Sufi Muslim rituals in the Western Balkans (especially Kosovo), exploring ways in which sound articulates difference in cities (urban heterophony) and in so doing mediates notions of place. Three methodologies are put forward here: first, documentary sound studies, an attempt to bring together the kinds of media-rich practices of visual anthropology, acknowledging that academic prose has inherent limits in its ability to represent; second, media archaeology, a critical reappraisal of media archives (whether intentionally designated as archives or not) as repositories for audio and other materials-both physical and virtual-which simultaneously reflect and shape the priorities of the archive and its discursive practices; and, finally, aural flânerie, emphasizing passage through city spaces as a way of interrogating the boundaries and marginal spaces comprising the city. These ethnographic approaches offer a set of tools particularly suited to the socially enmeshed, collaborative realm of urban ethnomusicology, all the more so as technological developments raise questions about many of the basic premises of what constitutes fieldwork and ethnography in the past.
Urbanity and Ethnomusicology; a Perspective from Singapore
Authors: Dairianathan Eugene
Published: January 2025

Although Bruno Nettl's reassurances that concerns within ethnomusicology have not necessitated the addition of the prefix "new" to the discipline, we are reminded that the discipline, exemplified in fieldwork and musical practices explored and examined, could benefit from continued questioning of underlying assumptions (Stock 2008). Ethnomusicological studies, for example, tend to situate the affects and effects of urban/ity in particular ways that pose considerable challenges for an inevitably heterogeneous urban setting. On the other hand, an urban environment studied qualitatively is a potential revelation of intersections of socio-cultural, political, economic and musical trajectories. Urban environments can therefore be studied as interactions between sites of dwelling and acts of dwelling. If musical practices and communities-of-practice are embodied relationships, then the body as sensorium is a potentially rich site and act of heterogeneous dwellings, making soundscapes ways of understanding embodiment of practice/s in urban/ity. If ethnomusicology claims involvement and observation in and of musical behaviors, musical practices can be discerned through spatial dynamics between acts of dwelling and sites of dwelling. Studies in ethnomusicology could then be extended to cultures whose points of origin are sites and acts of urban/ity. Using two musical practices, Xinyao and Vedic Metal, from the city-state Singapore, I offer a perspective on the prospects and challenges in negotiating urbanity in ethnomusicology in theory and practice.
Věra Thořová, Jiří Traxler, Zdeněk Vejvoda: LIDOVÉ PÍSNĚ Z PRAHY ve sbírce Františka Homolky. I. díl [Folk Songs from Prague in the Collection of František Homolka, 1st Volume.]
Authors: Jurková Zuzana
Published: January 2025

A review of the book by Věra Thořová, Jiří Traxler and Zdeněk Vejvoda.
Cargo reloaded, aneb kolik ještě potřebujeme antropologických časopisů?
Authors: Woitsch Jiří
Published: January 2025

Problémům spjatým s publikačními strategiemi jednotlivců, institucí i celých oborů už byla v českém sociálněvědním prostředí obecně a koneckonců i na stránkách časopisu Lidé města věnována pozornost několikrát (např. Moravcová – Nešpor 2008). Jde přitom samozřejmě jen o součást dnes již globální a značně nepřehledné diskuse o možnostech sdělování vědeckých poznatků, publikační etice, scientometrii, hodnocení vědy atd. Zdálo by se proto možná zbytečné připojovat do této rozpravy další – zdánlivou – marginálii. Domnívám se však (a jsem si zároveň vědom kontroverznosti některých dále prezentovaných stanovisek), že znovuzaložení časopisu Cargo by mělo být důvodem ke kritické a diskusně pojaté reflexi ediční a publikační praxe v české etnologii a sociokulturní antropologii posledních desetiletí. Soustředím se přitom pouze na jeden problém, tedy existující spektrum oborových časopisů. Otázky jiné, jistě neméně zajímavé (plagování a recyklace, tzv. salámování výstupů atd.), nechť jsou diskutovány v budoucnu či na jiném místě.
Kam se ubírá urbánní historie?
Authors: K. L.
Published: January 2025

29. srpna 2012 bude slavnostní přednáškou Petera Clarka zahájena XI. mezinárodní konference Evropské asociace pro urbánní historii, jejíž hostitelkou bude Univerzita Karlova v Praze, respektive Filozofická fakulta.
"Nové město, nová generace, naděje pro společnost"
Authors: Vojtko Tibor
Published: January 2025

This article concerns the Růžičkov eubiotics colony in Praque (1925-1930). The article centres on the recapitulation of the history of eugenics, social medicine, eubiotics, alternative education and the efforts to construct the Růžičkov eubiotics colony in Czechoslovakia before World War II. The central figures of the efforts were prof. Stanislav Růžička (1872-1946, author of the eubiotic theory) and Eduard Štorch (1878-1956, reform teacher).
Luděk Sýkora (ed.): Rezidenční segregace.
Authors: Ryšavý Dan
Published: January 2025

A review of the book by Luděk Sýkora.
Rudolf R. Gräf: Zigeunerpaläste. Die Architektur der Roma in Rumänien.
Authors: Fatková Gabriela
Published: January 2025

A review of the book by Rudolf R. Gräf.
War Bonnets and Calumets in the Heart of Europe: Native American Exhibition in Rosenheim, Germany
Authors: Heřmanský Martin
Published: January 2025

This review essay focuses on representational practices of Native Americans in the exhibition Indianer – Ureinwohner Nordamerikas (Indians – Indigenous Peoples of North America) in Germany. Through an analysis of the exhibition contents, it aims to assess used representational practices and discuss how this exhibition deals with common stereotypes of Native Americans. It argues that, while the exhibition contests many common stereotypes, it also consciously or unconsciously reproduces a few others. In the conclusion it tries to find the reasons why this is so, despite the fact that the exhibition curator is one of the first anthropologists focusing on the issue of representations of Native Americans.
Being Indian in Ciudad de Guatemala
Authors: Halbich Marek
Published: January 2025

This article first briefly presents the history of the Guatemala main cities in the context of the process of dichotomization of Guatemalan society, which is nowadays divided into two equally numerous ethnic and social groups: native (Indian), represented mainly by the most numerous Mayan ethnic groups (Quiché, Kaqchikel, Keqchí, Mam), and Ladino (mixed white/Creole-Indian). In the next part, I discuss several sociological and anthropological works on Guatemala City. Finally, I address how the forming process of “being Indian” in the capital of Central American Guatemala has been constructed. Here I combine a review of the vast ethnographic work of Guatemalan social anthropologist Manuela Camus with my personal reflection.
The Struggle over Nature and Relaxation in (Sub)Urban Space
Authors: Pauknerová Karolína , Gibas Petr
Published: January 2025

The article deals with a change of an urban space in Prague-Kbely as it was reflected in the municipal press, with special attention to the fate of allotment garden colonies. There used to be several garden colonies in the suburban Prague district of Kbely. In recent years some of them had to disappear in order to make space for new development of Kbely. We propose an analysis of how this change was reflected in the local municipal paper “Kbelák,” which is funded by the municipality and is distributed free to every household in the district.
Jockeys on Mechanical Donkeys
Authors: Huszthyová Liliana
Published: January 2025

On the example of transportation services this paper discusses the dynamics of present-day globalization processes in Khartoum, Sudan. Building on the dialectical relation between concepts of adaptation and creativity, the article aims to show how individuals display resilience, flexibility and determination to survive by ways of harnessing modernity for their own purposes. Rickshaws as newcomers to the transportation market in Sudan undergo a continuous process of appropriation and adaptation into the Sudanese context. The current article is an attempt to capture some of the notions that control the negotiated (dis)order for such traveling and globalized technologies.
Helena Nosková, Eva Tošovská: Kapitoly o proměnách pohraničí se zřetelem na Králicko. [Chapters About Changes on the Borderland with Regard to Králicko (the Králiky area).]
Authors: Soukupová Blanka
Published: January 2025

A review of the book by Helena Nosková and Eva Tošovská.
Synopse materiálů k vojvodovskému svatebnímu folkloru
Authors: Jakoubek Marek
Published: January 2025

The subject matter of the article is the wedding ceremony of Vojvodovo Czechs. In the introduction, the author discusses the aims and conceptual positions of ethnography (as understood in the countries of former Czechoslovakia) and social anthropology. Following general discussion, representative texts of both disciplines dealing with the chosen institution are analyzed. The second part of the article presents seven native texts dealing with Czech Vojvodovo weddings, all of them supplemented by short commentary by the author and description of historical context of the documents themselves. In conclusion, the author discusses the differences between and the advantages of the native and the academic descriptions of (not only) the wedding ceremonies of Vojvodovo Czechs.
Jan Pokorný: Lingvistická antropologie. Jazyk, mysl a kultura.
Authors: Pospíšilová Eliška
Published: January 2025

A review of the book by Jan Pokorný.
Ján Hlavinka – Eduard Nižňanský: Pracovný a koncentračný tábor v Seredi 1941–1945.
Authors: Soukupová Blanka
Published: January 2025

A review of the book by Ján Hlavinka and Eduard Nižňanský.
Tomáš Bubík: Úvod do české filozofie náboženství.
Authors: Kružík Josef
Published: January 2025

A review of the book by Tomáš Bubík.
Milan Fujda: Akulturace hinduismu a formování moderní religiozity. K sociálním dějinám českého okultismu 1891–1941.
Authors: Nešpor Zdeněk R.
Published: January 2025

A review of the book by Milan Fujda.
ROMI – první rozsáhlá databanka romského etnolektu češtiny
Authors: Bedřichová Zuzanna , Šebesta Karel , Šormová Kateřina
Published: January 2025

Jazykové korpusy slouží především k zachycení podoby jazykové komunikace vytvářené na základě různých kritérií. Těmi může být vymezení skupiny jejích uživatelů, časové období, konkrétní jazyková forma (např. psaný projev žáků v korpusu SCRIPT, přepis nahrávek vyučovacích hodin v korpusu PEDAGOG, novinové články v korpusu PDT atd.). Jazykové databanky jsou primárně zamýšleny jako zdroj dat pro zkoumání jazykového komunikátu z lingvistického hlediska, případně k uchování jazykových projevů k výzkumům pozdějším. Řada jazykových korpusů ale představuje cenný zdroj bádání i v jiných oblastech, například k analýze sociologické, diskurzní, etnografické, genderové a řadě dalších.
Konference Dynamika akulturácie na etnickej hranici, Nitra 10.–11. listopadu 2010
Authors: Bezoušková Markéta , Holas Jakub
Published: January 2025

Etnické menšiny a jejich místo v majoritní společnosti jsou nosnými tématy, která v dnešní době vyzývají k diskusi a řešení nejen v odborných kruzích akademiků. Těmto tématům byla věnována mezinárodní vědecká konference pořádaná Filozofickou fakultou Univerzity Konstantina Filozofa v Nitře, která problematiku reflektovala z hlediska asimilačních faktorů.
Maďarská menšina v České republice
Authors: Holas Jakub
Published: January 2025

The Hungarian minority in the Czech Republic consists of several different groups of immigrants. Although this minority represents one unit, we have to distinguish between different groups of Hungarians. Primarily Hungarians from Slovakia and Hungary have both specific relations to the Czech majority, Czech language and Czech culture. Hungarians in the Czech Republic have established many national clubs and institutions, not only formally, but also informal associations established on the basis of friendships, gender or hobbies. These clubs serve to strengthen the national identity of Hungarians naturalized in the Czech Republic, to spread the Hungarian language and to serve as meeting points with other Hungarians living in the Czech Republic. At the same time, they provide opportunities to learn and practice the mother tongue for Hungarian children.
Petr Štěpánek: 1453 – Pád Konstantinopole – z rod Istanbulu.
Authors: Rataj Tomáš
Published: January 2025

A review of the book by Petr Štěpánek.
Gabrielle Haug-Moritz – Ludolf Pelizaeus (eds.): Repräsentationen der islamischen Welt im Europa der Frühen Neuzeit.
Authors: Rataj Tomáš
Published: January 2025

A review of the book by Gabrielle Haug-Moritz and Ludolf Pelizaeus.
Martin C. Putna: Obrazy z kulturních dějin americké religiozity.
Authors: Nešpor Zdeněk R.
Published: January 2025

A review of the book by Martin C. Putna.
Tomáš Sedláček: Ekonomie dobra a zla. Po stopách lidského tázání od Gilgameše po finanční krizi.
Authors: Zelenda Kupková Adéla
Published: January 2025

A review of the book by Tomáš Sedláček.
Peter Salner: Budúci rok v Bratislave alebo stretnutie. [Next Year in Bratislava or a Meeting.]
Authors: Soukupová Blanka
Published: January 2025

A review of the book by Peter Salner.
Victoria Pitts: In the Flesh. The Cultural Politics of Body Modification.
Authors: Heřmanský Martin
Published: January 2025

A review of the book by Victoria Pitts.
Urbánní dějiny a zelený prostor
Authors: Clark Peter
Published: January 2025

Czech urban historians discussed new research methods during lectures devoted to current trends in urban studies. Participants of the discussion included Donatella Calabi, Isabelle Backouche, Jaroslav Miller, and last, but not least, Peter Clark, who offered his lecture on green space in cities for publication. Appreciation of greenery in the city is presented as related to modernity, as such studied by urban historians only recently. The theme of the lecture is derived from the international project and book edited by Peter Clark and published by Ashgate in 2006.
Keith F. Punch: Úspěšný návrh výzkumu; Keith F. Punch: Základy kvantitativního šetření; Jan Hendl: Kvalitativní výzkum.
Authors: Haškovcová Helena
Published: January 2025

A review of the books by Keith F. Punch and a book by Jan Hendl.
Biennale2013
Authors: Vančát Jaroslav
Published: January 2025

Návštěva loňského benátského Biennale výtvarného umění šestičlennou studentskou výpravou z Fakulty humanitníchstudií UK, vedenou učiteli A. Svobodou a J. Vančátem, měla za úkol reflektovat pro kreativní modul trendy, které Biennale jako jedna z nejvýznamnějších světových přehlídek nabídne. Přinesla však neočekávané překvapení – ze společných diskusí o progresivních uměleckých trendech, které by mohlo Biennale odhalit, se naopak ukázalo, že takové rysy poslednímu Biennale nejenže chybějí, ale že celá akce je naopak v podstatné míře zatížena manýristickými rysy děl, která se ukazují jako regresivní a přežilá.