bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural Radioprotectors on Current and Future Perspectives
Authors: Shivappa Pooja , Bernhardt Grisilda Vidya
Published: July 2022

Radiation therapy is used as the primary treatment for cancer. Eighty percent of cancer patients require radiation therapy during treatment or for medical purposes. During treatment, radiation causes various biological defects in the cells. The prevalence of cytotoxicity limits the dose used for effective treatment. This method is designed to strike a balance between removing cancer cells and protecting normal tissues. Unfortunately, effective radiation is unavailable once acute toxicity occurs during clinical radiation therapy. Therefore, a lot of research interest is needed in the discovery of radioprotective drugs to accelerate treatment to reduce this toxicity (i.e., normal tissue toxicity to cancer cell death). Radiation protectors may be chemicals or drugs that minimize the damage caused due to radiation therapy in living organisms. The determination of effective and nontoxic radiation protection is an essential goal for radiation oncologists and basic radiobiologists. However, despite the advantages, many radioprotectors were found to have disadvantages which include cost, less duration, toxicity, and effect on the central nervous system. Therefore in recent years, the focus has been diverted to finding out optimal natural products to act as radioprotectors. Natural radiation protectors are plant compounds that protect normal (noncancerous) cells from damage from radiation therapy. Natural herbal products are nontoxic with proven therapeutic benefits and have long been used to treat various diseases. In conclusion, we find that there are various radiation protectors with different purposes and mechanisms of action.
Personalized multidisciplinary approach of orbital apex foreign body
Authors: Hou Yi-Ting , Wei Yi-Hsuan , Liao Chun-Kang , Lin Chih-Feng
Published: July 2022

Foreign bodies in the intraconal space are unusual, and lodgment at the orbital apex was even more unusual. High-velocity object injuries, such as gunshots or industrial accidents, are the common causes of intraorbital foreign bodies. It is difficult for surgeons to retrieve foreign bodies from the orbital apex as it is a deep, narrow space with critical surrounding structures. The use of an image-guided navigation system improves the accuracy of transnasal endoscopic surgery and causes less damage. We present a case in which a bullet became lodged in the orbital apex and was successfully removed using transnasal endoscopic surgery with the collaboration of otolaryngologists and ophthalmologists. To summarize, orbital apex foreign bodies are harmful, and prompt removal with a personalized multidisciplinary approach is critical.
Fornix deepening reconstruction in conjunctivochalasis surgery
Authors: Cheng Anny M. S. , Mead Olivia G. , Tighe Sean , Tseng Scheffer C. G.
Published: July 2022

PURPOSE:

To assess the extent of inferior fornix shortening in conjunctivochalasis (CCh) and to evaluate whether fornix deepening reconstruction can restore the fornix tear reservoir in patients with CCh.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a retrospective review of five patients (3 unilateral and 2 bilateral eyes, total 7 eyes) with CCh who underwent fornix deepening reconstruction with conjunctival recession and amniotic membrane transplantation. Postsurgical outcome measures included changes in fornix depth with correlation to basal tear volumes, symptoms, corneal staining, and conjunctival inflammation.

RESULTS:

For the three patients with unilateral surgery, both the fornix depth (8.3 ± 1.5 mm) and wetting length (9.3 ± 8.5 mm) of the operative eyes were less than the fellow eyes (10.3 ± 1.5 mm and 10.3 ± 8.5 mm, respectively). At 5.3 ± 2.7 months (range 1.7–8.7) postoperatively, the fornix depth increased significantly by 2.0 ± 1.1 mm (P = 0.02). Deepening of the fornix depth was accompanied by overwhelming symptomatic relief (91.5%) that could be subdivided into complete relief (87.5%) and partial relief (4%) of symptoms, with blurred vision being the most notably relieved symptom (P = 0.03). Furthermore, superficial punctate keratitis and conjunctival inflammation were significantly improved at follow-up (P = 0.008 and 0.05, respectively).

CONCLUSION:

Deepening of the fornix to restore the tear reservoir is an important surgical objective that may change the tear hydrodynamic state to provide a stable tear film and improve outcomes in CCh.
Maternal vaccine hesitancy towards COVID-19 immunisation of children in Qatar: a population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Reagu Shuja , Mohan Suruchi , Awwad Johnny , Alabdulla Majid
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted in Qatar to explore beliefs and attitudes among mothers towards coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination for their children and to understand major factors influencing vaccine hesitancy among these mothers.METHODS: A population-based, online cross-sectional survey was conducted between 15 October and 15 November 2020. A composite questionnaire incorporating a validated vaccine hesitancy tool was developed and administered in both English and Arabic. Approval was obtained from the local ethics committee. Participation was voluntary and offered to all adult residents of Qatar through an online link available on social media platforms and local news portals. Only adult respondents who self-identified as mothers were included in the present study. No personal identifying data were collected.RESULTS: Of the mothers surveyed, 29.4% exhibited COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy regarding their children. This exceeded these mothers’ rate of personal vaccine hesitancy (27.5%). Hesitancy rates varied significantly with ethnicity, with the highest among Qatari mothers (51.3%). Intention to vaccinate children did not differ significantly between mothers who accepted the vaccine for themselves and those who did not. Overall, the main reported concerns related to long-term vaccine safety. To a significant extent, mothers relied most on self-directed research on vaccine safety for decision-making.CONCLUSIONS: The rate of maternal COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy exceeded both those mothers’ rate of personal vaccine hesitancy and the hesitancy rate in the general population. The intention to vaccinate children was independent of maternal vaccination history. Factors influencing maternal vaccine hesitancy differ from those influencing personal hesitancy and require an informed public health response.
Effet de la consommation d’énergie fossile sur la croissance économique et sur l’environnement en Afrique subsaharienne : une analyse de la causalité en données de panel sur 14 pays
Authors: Atebo Boyomo Henri Aurélien , Tchitchoua Jean
Published: July 2022

L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser les effets de la consommation d’énergie fossile sur la croissance économique et sur l’environnement dans 14 pays de l’Afrique Subsaharienne1, de 1970 à 2015. A partir d’un modèle vectoriel à correction d’erreur (VECM), les résultats montrent qu’il existe une relation de causalité en panel au sens de Granger, allant de la consommation d’énergie vers la croissance, et une autre allant de la consommation d’énergie vers les émissions de co2. Nous recommandons aux décideurs de mettre sur pied des politiques d’industrialisation et de protection de l’environnement.
Seismic assessment of high-rise buildings through dynamic nonlinear analysis
Authors: Wu Xiuwen , Lin Daoyun
Published: July 2022

This paper present a seismic assessment of high-rise buildings using dynamic nonlinear analysis. The work touches upon an urgent problem of ensuring the stability of high-rise buildings under seismic load and preventing their destruction. A mathematical model has been built to investigate the effect of seismic activity on high-rise buildings in the Sichuan province (China). Pearson’s test was used to compare the statistical dependence between variables in the study period. Values with a statistical significance of p ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The probability of earthquakes of 8 magnitude and above was found to be 5% with a frequency of recurrence of 3900 ± 400 yrs, p ≤ 0.001. The paper presents the technique of refractive geophysical research. The seismic reliability index was n = 3.2 at t = 5 s. The standard deviation was 2% and the χ2 statistic was 0.95. The overall (0.59, or 59%) and conditional (0.06, or 6%) risks of failure under seismic load were calculated for high-rise buildings with a service life of 100 years. The coefficients of seismic activity were as follows: 3.203 at the conditional risk level of 5%; 2.97 at the conditional risk level of 10%; and 2.523 at the conditional risk level of 30%.
Niespójność komentarzy z realiami XVI–XVIII-wiecznej kartografii w polskim wydaniu książki Kevina J. Browna Dawne mapy. Podróż w przeszłość
Authors: Szaniawska Lucyna
Published: July 2022

Discrepancy between Commentary and Facts in the 16th–18th-Century Cartography in the Polish Edition of Kevin J. Brown’s A Journey Back in Time Through Maps

Kevin J. Brown, Dawne mapy. Podróż w przeszłość, tłum. Michał Zagrodzki, Wydawnictwo Arkady, Warszawa 2019, ss. 207, 73 reprodukcje dawnych map

The article highlights the most serious factual mistakes and errors in the descriptions of the reproduced maps in the Polish edition of Kevin J. Brown’s A Journey Back in Time Through Maps (Dawne mapy. Podróż w przeszłość, transl. M. Zagrodzki, Warszawa 2019). The author explains in detail the history of creation and facts related to the 16th–18th-century maps such as: Jean Janvier’s Mappe-monde, ou description du globe terrestre (1762), Didier Robert de Vaugondy’s Mappemonde ou description du Globe terrestre (1783), Philippe Buache’s Mappemonde à l’usage de l’instruction (1808), Jodocus Hondius’s Designatio orbis Christiani (1621), Athanasius Kircher’s Tabula geographico-hydrographica (1665), or Johann Baptista Homann’s Accurata Utopiae tabula (after 1724). The evolution of representing the California Peninsula on manuscript and printed maps up to the mid-18th century is briefly discussed.
Sposoby komunikacji uczelni w czasie pandemii COVID-19
Authors: Czechowska-Derkacz Beata , Łosiewicz Małgorzata
Published: July 2022

W czasie pandemii COVID-19 zarządzanie komunikacją stało się podstawowym elementem sprawnego funkcjonowania uczelni. Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie sposobów komunikowania szkół wyższych z otoczeniem z wykorzystaniem mediów społecznościowych. Do badania zostało wybranych 16 największych szkół wyższych z 16 województw. Przeprowadzone zostały badania ankietowe, pogłębione wywiady oraz analiza aktywności w najpopularniejszych mediach społecznościowych (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram). Zebrany materiał badawczy stanowi 917 odpowiedzi respondentów w badaniach ankietowych i pogłębionych wywiadach oraz 7909 postów zamieszonych przez uczelnie w mediach społecznościowych (zebranych za pomocą monitoringu mediów z wykorzystaniem narzędzi informatycznych). Do tej pory w odniesieniu do uczelni, stanowiących znaczące ośrodki w rozwoju regionów, nie zostały przeprowadzone badania o tak szerokim charakterze. Wyniki badań wskazały na skalę komunikacyjnych wyzwań (dot. m.in. funkcjonowania zespołów kryzysowych, intensywności komunikacji czy kanałów komunikacji), z jakimi musiały mierzyć się uczelnie, które wymagały reorganizacji wszystkich dotychczasowych działań.

Social Media Communication at Universities in Times of COVID-19 Pandemic

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, proper management of communication has become an important element ensuring the efficient functioning of higher schools. The main objective of this paper is to present modes of communication employed at universities, that will focus on the use of social media. Sixteen largest Polish universities based in 16 voivodeships have been selected for this study. The research data were obtained from questionnaire surveys, in-depth interviews, and analyses of universities’ activity in the most popular social media (i.e. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram). In total, the data collected comprises of 867 respondents’ answers and 7909 mentions of universities found in the analyzed social media (gathered using media monitoring with IT tools). So far, such broad research of the main universities, which are significant centers of region development, have not been conducted. This research is the first detailed elaboration. The results of data analysis have confirmed the authors’ thesis that communication during the pandemic poses a great challenge for universities, a challenge that requires institutions to reorganize their existing modes of communication.
Austerlitz i Róża, czyli zjawy jako bohaterowie naszych czasów (projekty literatury w nożyku profesora Tadeusza Różewicza i Austerlitz W.G. Sebalda)
Authors: Fazan Jarosław
Published: July 2022

Szkic ujmuje porównawczo późny poemat Tadeusza Różewicza nożyk profesora (2001) oraz ostatni utwór W.G. Sebalda, powieść Austerlitz z tego samego roku w kontekście literatury „widmoontologicznej”. Oba dzieła stanowią powroty do problematyki Zagłady po ponad półwieczu i podejmują problem obcowania żywych (ocalałych lub urodzonych po wojnie) z umarłymi; obcowanie to, tyleż konieczne, co niemożliwe, stanowi inspirację dla idei literatury umożliwiającej „spotkanie z umarłymi”. W obu dziełach pojawia się również głęboka krytyka cywilizacji nowoczesnej, której nieuchronnym następstwem były wojny światowe pierwszej połowy XX wieku.

Austerlitz and the Rose, or, Specters as Heroes of Our Time (Literary Projects in nożyk profesora by Tadeusz Różewicz and W.G. Sebald’s Austerlitz)

This comparative sketch juxtaposes the late narrative poem nożyk profesora by Tadeusz Różewicz with W.G. Sebald’s last work, the novel Austerlitz from the same year, in the context of literary hauntology. Both works return to the issue of the Holocaust after more than half a century and take up the question of the relationship of the living (survivors or those born after the war) with the dead; a relationship which being both necessary and impossible inspires the idea of literature as facilitating the “meeting with the dead.” Both works are also deeply critical of the modern civilization, the inevitable consequence of which were the two world wars in the first half of the 20th century.
Wpływ budowy Kolei Dużych Prędkości na zmiany dostępności w indywidualnym transporcie samochodowym w województwie łódzkim
Authors: Kurzyk Paulina , Sapińska Paulina
Published: July 2022

O liniach kolei dużych prędkości (KDP) w Polsce mówi się od początku lat 90. ubiegłego wieku. Na świecie KDP funkcjonuje znacznie dłużej, bo już w latach 60. XX w. w Japonii zaczęto eksploatować pierwsze pociągi, które mogły poruszać się osiągając prędkość powyżej 200 km/h. W poniższej pracy za cel główny przyjęto określenie zmian dostępności w indywidualnym transporcie samochodowym na skutek budowy KDP w województwie łódzkim. Na potrzeby oszacowania zmian dostępności potencjałowej gmin przed i po oddaniu do użytku nowych lub zmodernizowanych odcinków linii kolejowych niezbędne było wygenerowanie punktów centralnych gmin w województwie i przypisanie im liczby mieszkańców. Otrzymane wyniki dowodzą, że każdy z siedmiu wariantów przebiegu tras przyczyni się do spadku dostępności potencjałowej w województwie łódzkim.

The impact of the construction of high speed railways on accessibility changes in individual road transport in the Łódź Province

There have been talk of high-speed rail (HSR) lines in Poland since the beginning of the 1990s. High-speed railways have been in operation in the world for much longer, because already in the 1960s in Japan the first trains that could move at speeds above 200 km / h began to be operated. In the study below, the main goal was to determine the changes in accessibility in individual car transport as a result of the construction of high-speed rail in the Łódź Province. In order to estimate changes in the potential accessibility of settlement units before and after the commissioning of new or modernized sections of railway lines, it was necessary to generate focal points of communes in the voivodship and assign them the number of inhabitants. The obtained results prove that each of the seven variants will contribute to a decrease in potential accessibility in the Łódź Province.
Anny Treiderowej „Kabaret pod zdechłym kornikiem”
Authors: Grodziska Karolina
Published: July 2022

Anna Treider’s “Kabaret pod Zdechłym Kornikiem

The presented text is the 1963 edition of the work by Anna Treider nee Ogrodzińska (1921–1982), an art historian who had been working in our Library for many years and was also a director of its Special Collections Department. After taking up the job in 1952, she shortly became one of the Polish most acclaimed experts in the field of European Graphics and also a lecturer at the Jagiellonian University and the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow, as well as the author of numerous graphic exhibitions.
This forgotten text titled “Kabaret pod Zdechłym Kornikiem”, preserved among her personal documents, is currently included in our Library manuscripts (signature 13 066). It is a humorous piece written under the pen name Akwatinta Kolofon. The characters are both the author’s library colleagues and visitors as well as the principal, Zbigniew Jabłoński. The text contains some elements of the now forgotten work reality of that time, and records the atmosphere of an institution of culture in the times of the Polish People’s Republic. It is also an interesting testimony of the librarians’ intellectual formation, e.g. the passion for K. I. Gałczyński’s poetry or reading the “Przekrój” magazine. It not only proves the author’s learning and sense of humour but also demonstrates her literary skills: Anna Treider’s brother, Władysław Ogrodziński, was a respected essayist and writer.
To recall the profile of Anna Treider at the centenary of her birthday, the text of “Kabaret…” has been excerpted from the manuscript, prepared for print, the biographic introduction written and the footnotes added by Karolina Grodziska.
Binge watching – definiowanie fenomenu na podstawie przeglądu literatury przedmiotu
Authors: Kisilowska Małgorzata , Jupowicz-Ginalska Anna , Szurmiński Łukasz
Published: July 2022

Celem przedstawionego w tym artykule badania jest pokazanie różnic i ewolucji w sposobie definiowania fenomenu binge watching w kontekście perspektyw i problemów badawczych podejmowanych przez badaczy. Na podstawie pogłębionej analizy literatury przedmiotu, obejmującej 125 publikacji za lata 2014–2021, wyodrębniono dominujący w tekstach sposób definiowania tego terminu. Opisano również ewolucję jego interpretacji, wynikającą z rozwoju wiedzy dotyczącej motywów, sposobów i efektów bingowania, a na końcu zaproponowano własną definicję zjawiska. Binge watching – defining the phenomenon based on a literature review The aim of the study is to discuss differences in defining the phenomenon of binge watching, and evolution of this process, considering research perspectives and problems explored by the authors. The in-depth literature analysis of 125 academic publications for the years 2014–2021 revealed the definition most often applied in the studies. Evolution of the interpretation of the binge watching term is also offered, related to increase of knowledge of motives, modes, and effects of binging, and finally, a proprietary definition of the phenomenon was proposed.
News Shareability in the COVID-19 Period
Authors: Łódzki Bartłomiej
Published: July 2022

The aim of the study is to empirically verify the COVID-19 topics that were most frequently shared on Facebook by multicultural audiences. The author collected news published between 1st January and 30th April 2020 on the websites of CNN International (USA), BBC World (Great Britain), Deutsche Welle (Germany), RT (Russia), France24 (France), EuroNews (France/Europe), Al-Jazeera (Qatar), and shareability score data by using BuzzSumo’s platform. This study combines various methods, including content analysis based on quantitative and qualitative approaches, topic modelling, and NLP (natural language processing). It was observed that globally, audiences paid attention to other topics despite the global threat. Significant differences were also noted in how news was shared.

Udostępnianie wiadomości w okresie COVID-19

Celem badania jest empiryczna weryfikacja tematów związanych z COVID-19, które były najczęściej udostępniane na Facebooku przez wielokulturowych odbiorców. Autor zebrał artykuły opublikowane w okresie od 1 stycznia do 30 kwietnia 2020 roku na stronach internetowych CNN International (USA), BBC World (Wielka Brytania), Deutsche Welle (Niemcy), RT (Rosja), France24 (Francja), EuroNews (Francja/Europa), Al-Jazeera (Katar) i dane dotyczące ich udostępniania pochodzące z platformy BuzzSumo. Badanie to łączy różne metody, w tym analizę treści opartą na podejściach ilościowym i jakościowym, modelowanie termatyczne oraz NLP (przetwarzanie języka naturalnego). Pomimo globalnego zagrożenia publiczność mediów zwracała uwagę na zróżnicowane tematy. Odnotowano także znaczące różnice w sposobie przekazywania wiadomości.
Zdrowie na sprzedaż? Telewizyjne reklamy farmaceutyków a peryferyjna droga perswazji
Authors: Moczoł Natalia
Published: July 2022

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy zawartości telewizyjnych reklam farmaceutyków w kontekście peryferyjnej drogi perswazji. Badania przeprowadzono na podstawie 4052 spotów wyemitowanych w trzech ogólnopolskich stacjach telewizyjnych w listopadzie 2020 roku i styczniu 2021 roku. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników wykazano, że w przeważającym stopniu reklamy związane z tą grupą produktów nie opierają się na odwołaniach do medycyny. Autorzy tych przekazów rzadko wykorzystują obraz przedstawicieli zawodów medycznych jako ekspertów. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz nie stwierdzono również kreowania narracji z wykorzystaniem takich narzędzi perswazji jak sceny nawiązujące do środowiska medycznego oraz specjalistyczne słownictwo. Zebrany materiał badawczy wykazał, że rolę autorytetu w reklamach leków OTC, suplementów diety oraz wyrobów medycznych bardzo często spełniają członkowie rodziny i przyjaciele. Najczęściej wykorzystywanym rodzajem scen są przestrzenie nawiązujące do życia codziennego. Na podstawie przeprowadzonego badania wskazano na nowe trendy zaobserwowane w telewizyjnych reklamach farmaceutyków, które wynikają zarówno z uwarunkowań prawnych, jak i pogłębiającej się mediatyzacji w obszarze medycyny.

Health for sale? Television pharmaceuticals advertisements and the peripheral route of persuasion

The article presents the results of the content analysis of TV commercials for pharmaceuticals in the peripheral way of persuasion. The research was based on 4,052 spots broadcast by three TV stations in November 2020 and January 2021. The obtained results showed that, to a large extent, advertisements related to this group of products are not based on references to medicine. The authors of these reports rarely use the image of medical professionals as experts. The analysis also did not show creating a narrative using persuasion tools such as scenes referring to the medical environment and specialized vocabulary. The collected research material has been demonstrated that family members and friends often play the role of authority in advertising OTC drugs, dietary supplements, and medical devices. The most frequently used type of scenes are spaces related to everyday life. Based on the conducted research, new trends were identified in televised Natalia Moczoł 114 advertisements for pharmaceuticals, resulting from both legal conditions and the deepening mediatisation in medicine.
Design of Fixed-Sequence Planar 5R Symmetrical Parallel Manipulators
Authors: Arakelian Vigen
Published: July 2022

Designing manipulation systems where the gripper has predetermined initial and final positions is an important practical consideration in modern robotics; in other words, achieving the objective of moving the payload along a non-imposed trajectory between two given positions, with the ability to change these positions periodically. One solution to the problem is to create a one-degree-of-freedom system with adjustable parts. This approach is considered optimal in terms of its simplified control and minimum energy expenditure. The merit of the solution is that manipulation systems of this type with cyclic control have only one actuator; the simple design and the control system improve the operational reliability of the mechanical system while greatly reducing the cost of it. The present work proposes a new design concept for a planar 5R symmetrical parallel manipulator. The aim of the proposed design principle is that the two input links of the manipulator are interconnected. The last one is determined in such a way that the initial and final positions of the gripper are ensured. Thus, the obtained mechanical system, having only one actuator, ensures the movement of the gripper between predetermined initial and final positions. The dynamics of the manipulation system, in particular the balancing of shaking force and shaking moment to reduce vibration in the frame, are considered in addition to the purely kinetic aspects. Numerical simulations are used to illustrate the proposed design concept.
Diagnostic accuracy of CT Hounsfield unit in distinguishing Exudative and Transudative Pleural Effusion
Authors:   Department of Radio-diagnosis, VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India, Aggarwal Anuj , Bagri Neha , Chandra Ranjan , Thakur Manisha Bais , Rani Anita , Surana Apurva , Khandelwal Ayush
Published: July 2022

Background: Differentiation of exudative and transudative types of pleural effusion is crucial for management of patients. Currently, this differentiation is done with the help of biochemical analysis of the aspirated fluid after thoracentesis, which is an invasive procedure. Objective: To evaluate the utility of CT attenuation values in pleural effusion and define a threshold value to differentiate between exudative and transudative pleural effusion. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional study was done on 130 patients showing pleural effusion on CT thorax, mean attenuation was calculated using nine regions of interest on three slices. Within 48 hours of imaging, biochemical assessment was done to decide exudative or transudative nature of fluid as per Light’s criteria. A Receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to assess the cut off CT attenuation value for distinguishing between exudative and transudative effusion and evaluate its accuracy. Result: Mean CT attenuation value of 57 exudative effusion cases was 5.9 + 6.48 HU, which was higher than 73 cases with transudative pleural effusion (2.97 + 2.69 HU). The difference was statistically significant (p value < 0.0001). The ROC curve revealed a cut off value of 7.5 HU. When the mean CT attenuation value was > 7.5 HU, the specificity and sensitivity of CT scan for diagnosing exudative effusion was 98.6 % and 59.6% respectively. Area under the curve was 0.79, which revealed moderate accuracy of this threshold value. Conclusion: CT attenuation values have moderate accuracy in differentiating between exudative and transudative pleural effusion.
Prevalence of Staphylococcal Nasal Carriage Among Health Care Worker Working in Intensive and Critical Care Units of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors:   MJN Medical College, Coochbehar, West Bengal, India,, Ishore Kaushik , Prabir Ghosh , Mukherjee Abhijit , Hazra Santanu
Published: July 2022

Background: Incidence of hospital-acquired infection by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MRCoNS) continues to increase worldwide. Nasal carriage of Staphylococci plays an important role in the epidemiology and pathogenesis of hospital-acquired infection. They are usually introduced into the health care set up by a colonized or infected patient or health care workers (HCWs). Patients admitted to a critical care unit or intensive care unit have an increased chance of infection by these pathogens. Health care providers colonizing MRSA and MRCoNS may help in the transmission and spread of infection. Objective: To determine the prevalence of staphylococcal nasal carriage among HCWs working in intensive and critical care units of a tertiary care hospital and the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the isolates. Result: One hundred and fifty nasal swabs were collected, 58 were from the nursing staff, 41 from doctors, and 51 were from other supporting staff. Samples from both anterior nares were collected using sterile cotton swabs, and cultured on mannitol salt agar. S. aureus and CoNS were identified by standard methods. Methicillin resistance was detected by cefoxitin disc. Of the 150 healthcare providers screened 31 (20.67%) were nasal carriers of S. aureus, 17 (11.33%) for MRSA, 81 (54%) harbored CoNS and 12 (8%) were MRCoNS. Conclusion: HCWs are the potential colonizers of MRSA and MRCoNS. They may serve as reservoirs and disseminators of MRSA and MRCoNS and should be treated with appropriate drugs. Regular screening of carriers is also required for the prevention of hospital-acquired infection. Keywords: Nasal Carriers, Health care worker, Methicillin­resistant Staphylococcus
Nerve Ultrasound Findings in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and its Correlation with Clinical and Electrophysiological Data
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, 2Professor and HOD, Department of Neurology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Panicker Praveen , Iype Thomas
Published: July 2022

Background: Sonologic evaluation of the median nerve has been shown to be a useful tool in carpal tunnel syndrome diagnosis. Neurosonology supplants clinical and electrodiagnostic work up. Objectives: To determine the median nerve ultrasound parameters in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) patients and find their correlation with patient reported clinical data and electrophysiology findings,to assess diagnostic accuracy of nerve ultrasound in CTS in comparison to clinical evaluation combined with electrodiagnosis as reference standard. Methods: 23 consecutive patients with carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms (46 wrists-35 with nerve conduction study confirmed CTS, 11 without CTS) underwent neurosonologic evaluation with high resolution ultrasound including median nerve cross sectional area(CSA) at carpal tunnel inlet, flattening ratio, Wrist/forearm CSA ratio measurements. Patient reported measures were recorded using Boston carpal tunnel syndrome questionnaire (BCTQ). Results: Statistically significant correlation was found between median nerve CSA at carpal tunnel inlet and disease severity assessed by electrodiagnosis (r=0.545, p value-0.002), hand function status had significant correlation with electrodiagnostic severity class (r=0.422, p value 0.012). Flattening ratio, Wrist/forearm CSA ratio did not show significant correlation with clinical and electrophysiology measures. Sensitivity and specificity for a cross sectional area cut off of 9 cm2 for diagnosis of CTS was found to be 85.7 percent and 64 percent respectively. Conclusion: Median nerve cross sectional area CSA measurement is the most useful neurosonologic parameter and correlates with electrodiagnostic severity. Ultrasound is a useful complementary tool for CTS diagnosis, assessment alongside electrodiagnosis. Keywords: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Neurosonology, Compression neuropathy
A Descriptive Study on Environmental Sanitation and Personal Hygiene Status among Pre-school Children of Anganwadi Centres near a Rural Area Bengaluru
Authors:   Department of Community Medicine, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Science & Research Centre, 560018, Bangalore,, Masthi N R Ramesh , Pruthvi S
Published: July 2022

Background: The high incidence of mortality and morbidity among infants and children is attributed largely to unsafe water supply, poor hygienic practice and insanitary environment. Anganwadi are the backbone of non formal education in rural India and place for inculcating healthy habits for children at an early age. Objectives: To assess the environmental sanitation of Anganwadi Centers, to describe personal hygiene of preschool children in Anganwadi and to assess personal hygiene practices of Anganwadi staff. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Anganwadis located in the rural field practice area of a medical college, Bangalore over a period of two months. Anganwadi teachers, helpers and workers were interviewed through pre tested, semi structured questionnaire regarding their awareness on personal hygiene practices. Anganwadi children were examined for personal hygiene and morbidities. The Anganwadi centers environmental sanitation was assessed by observation. Results: 50 Anganwadi centers were visited. 45(90%) anganwadi center’s vessels and kitchen were kept clean. Lighting was adequate in 43(86%). 32(64%) Anganwadis had sanitary latrines. House hold purification of water was seen in 33(66%) anganwadi’s. Out of 1113 children registered, 689(61.9%) were examined. 479(69.5%) were found to be bare foot walkers, 55(7.9%) had poor face hygeine, 24(3.4%) poor hair hygeine, 95(13.78%) poor oral hygiene, 15(2.17%) poor feet hygeine, 51(7.4%) poor nail hygiene. Conclusions: The environmental sanitation of Anganwadi centre and personal hygiene status of children was not satisfactory. Keywords: Morbidity, Formal education, Hygiene, Anganwadi, Sanitation
An Attempt to Understand the Different Levels of Harden’s Ladder
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Sridevi Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Hospital, Tumkur, Karnataka, India,, Hamsaveena . , Rashmi M V
Published: July 2022

The new CBME curriculum differs from the older one by being more learner and patient centric, outcome based, aligned & integrated, and emphasis on skill development, attitudes, ethics & communication. The affective domain which was implicit in the curriculum, is now to be taught explicitly. Newer additions like foundation course, early clinical exposure and self-directed learning are introduced. The curriculum implementation support programme is making tremendous efforts in inculcating the new curriculum into day-to-day teaching. The curriculum committee has a huge task to train the faculty in their respective colleges for a smooth transition. Hence, a thorough understanding of the new curriculum by these members is very essential. Keywords: Harden’s ladder, Integration
Malnutrition in Elderly - A Predictor of Cognitive, Functional Decline, Depression and Prolonged Hospital Stay
Authors:   Apollo Hospitals, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore, 560078, Karnataka, India,, Manjaly Steve Paul , Sebastian Savitha A , Alex Arun
Published: July 2022

Malnutrition in the elderly has been associated with deleterious effects on health care outcomes such as functional decline, cognitive impairment, depression, increased hospital stays, and increased morbidity and mortality. This cross-sectional study aims to determine the association of malnutrition with functional status and cognition and duration of hospitalization among 200 elderly patients admitted to medical wards of a tertiary care hospital in India. The nutritional screening was done using Mini Nutritional assessment- short form (MNA-SF). The functional activity was assessed using the Barthel’s Index. Cognitive assessment and screening for depression was done using the Mini-cog test and Geriatric Depression score – 4 respectively. Descriptive analyses were used to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition and associations were assessed using the Pearson chi square test. Among the total patients, 136 (68%) were malnourished. Of these, 45 (22.5%) were severely undernourished. The malnourished patients had poorer functional scores (p<0.001), were likely to be cognitively impaired (33%, 45 of 136) (p < 0.001) and stayed longer in the hospital (n= 9.13 days) compared to the normally nourished. The nutritional status of hospitalized elderly may therefore serve as a surrogate marker of disability and poor clinical outcome. Keywords: Malnutrition, Geriatric, Nutritional assessment, Undernourishment, Functional decline, Elderly
Efficacy of Peppermint Oil in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, S.C.B. Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, India,, Dehury Suhasini , Das Haribhakti Seba , Patra Abhipsa , Pradhan Rashmita
Published: July 2022

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder characterized by abdominal pain or discomfort and altered bowel habits in absence of detectable structural abnormalities with worldwide incidence of 10-20%. According to Rome IV criteria subtypes of IBS can be IBS-D, IBS-C and IBS-M. Both non pharmacological and pharmacological therapy are available for IBS. Earlier Peppermint Oil (PO) was used in different types of abdominal pain. An oral formulation of PO is used in patients of IBS to improve symptoms. Hence the study was conducted to assess the efficacy of Peppermint Oil in IBS patients.METHOD: A prospective randomized, placebo-controlled study of 6month was done in Dept. of Pharmacology and Gastroenterology, SCBMCH, Cuttack. A total of 60 IBS patients(18-60yr) were included in the study. They were divided randomly into two groups by lottery system. Gr-1 received PO 180mg TDS 60 min before breakfast, lunch, dinner and Gr-2 received placebo. The baseline and follow-up parameters of Total IBS symptom Score (TISS) were recorded at 0hr, 24hr and 4wks of treatment in both groups and Pain was assessed using Numeric Rating Scale. Statistical analysis were done using Mann-Whitney Test and Wilcoxon signed ranked Test. RESULTS: There was significant reduction in TISS and PAIN score at 24hr and 4weeks with Peppermint Oil from the baseline with Placebo.CONCLUSION : Peppermint oil was found to be effective in IBS patients. Keywords: Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Peppermint Oil, Total IBS symptom score, Numeric Pain rating scale
Renata Rubim
Authors: Carmona Bonifácio Bruna , De Oliveira Corrêa Ronaldo
Published: July 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre as relações entre a história das mulheres e a história da prática do design de superfície no país, a partir de revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e entrevista baseada em procedimentos da História Oral com a designer Renata Rubim. Como resultados, pretendemos analisar as presenças e práticas das mulheres nas áreas relacionadas ao design de superfície e da designer Renata Rubim para colaborar com diferentes perspectivas sobre a história do design feito no Brasil.
Dialektika Teologi dari Perspektif Herman Bavinck dengan Pemikiran Ekonomi Marxisme
Authors: Pangaribuan Rinto
Published: July 2022

Posisi dari teori sosial Weberian menunjukkan korelasi kuat antara kapitalisme dengan Calvinisme. Oleh karena itu, ada pandangan bahwa teologi Reformed (Calvinis) secara prinsip berseberangan dengan ideologi Marxisme. Menggunakan metode perbandingan kepustakaan, penelitian ini meninjau ulang tesis Weberian yang demikian dengan meletakkan Calvinisme dan Marxisme dalam gerak dialektika. Pemikiran Herman Bavinck akan mewakili teologi dari perspektif Calvinisme karena pemikiran dan kehidupan politiknya mencerminkan penolakan terhadap Marxisme. Sementara itu, tulisan ini menyorot pemikiran Karl Marx tentang ekonomi karena kegiatan produksi merupakan sentral pemikirannya dalam berfilsafat atau membaca sejarah manusia. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah secara teoretis, pemikiran Bavinck dan Marx merupakan kontras. Bavinck menitikberatkan metode berteologinya pada wahyu, sedangkan Marx bertumpu pada kondisi material kegiatan ekonomi dalam membangun pemikiran filsafatnya. Namun, walau memiliki perbedaan metodologis dan epistemologis, pemikiran Bavinck dan teori Marx memiliki titik sintesis dalam ranah praksis. Teologi Bavinck menyumbang orientasi bagi tindakan praksis Marx, sedangkan pemikiran Marx dapat menyumbang saran konkret bagi praktik teologi Bavinck. Oleh karena itu, resolusi atas kontradiksi kedua pemikiran ini bersifat kolaboratif-komplementer dalam ranah praksis.
Listen to the Earth, Listen to the Mother
Authors: Samosir Agustina , Kakunsi Ejodia
Published: July 2022

Isu kerusakan lingkungan erat kaitannya dengan isu kekerasan terhadap perempuan. Perempuan dan alam sama-sama merupakan korban eksploitasi dan penindasan. Gerakan perempuan dalam memperjuangkan hak-hak hidupnya terkait erat dengan kelangsungan bumi, bahkan mereka melahirkan gerakan ekofeminis di mana tema besar pelestarian lingkungan dirangkul sebagai bagian dari perjuangan mereka. Lewat tulisan ini, kami hendak memperlihatkan bahwa gerakan perempuan di berbagai belahan bumi, termasuk masyarakat adat di Indonesia, terlahir dari kemampuan merespons alam dan kecintaan mereka kepada kehidupan. Gagasan ekofeminis Barat, Amerika Latin, India, bahkan Asia seperti Rosemary Radford Ruther, Elisabeth A. Johnson, Ivone Gebara, Aruna Gnanadason dan Sallie McFague juga termaktub dalam falsafah ibu pertiwi. Ibu pertiwi merupakan personifikasi bumi Indonesia yang menempatkan alam sebagai subjek sekaligus sumber kehidupan. Kemudian, kami akan memperkuat personifikasi ini dengan Ayub 12:7-10 yang mengatakan agar manusia mendengar dan belajar dari alam untuk mendapatkan hikmat. Konstruksi teologi ekofeminis ini pada gilirannya akan berkontribusi pada perlindungan alam.
Untouchable Bodies, Resistance, and Liberation: A Comparative Theology of Divine Possessions
Authors: Yosia Adrianus
Published: July 2022

This is a book review of Untouchable Bodies, Resistance, and Liberation: A Comparative Theology of Divine Possessions.
A Comparative Analysis on Deep Learning
Models Applied for Disease Classification in
Bell Pepper
Authors: Mahira.p  , Swathichandra
Published: July 2022

Agriculture is the mother of all civilizations. The focus is on improving productivity without
taking into consideration the environmental effects that have appeared in the degeneration of the
environment. Plant diseases are very important as this can especially imply both the quality and
quantity of plant in the development of agriculture. Generally, the diseases of plants include fungi,
bacteria, viruses, moulds, etc. Farmers or specialists typically recognize plants disease and
diagnosis them with naked-eyed. Crop diseases are one of the leading causes of agricultural product
quality degradation and reduction. As a result, early detection of the condition is extremely
important .We were inspired by the ability of deep learning approaches to match patterns and
interpret images to create an automated disease detection tool for bell pepper plants. The various
applications of deep learning models supports comparative study for categorization of plant
diseases. The applied deep learning models namely VGG16, MobileNet, and ResNet50 were
applied on a publically available dataset of the bell pepper plant. Here we trained the data set with
above three transfer learning algorithms. After that the output layer of these algorithm passed
through the convolutional neural network layer. The experimental results shows that ResNet50
model will give the better accuracy and least amount of training time than other models.
Virtual Exchange in der internationalen Hochschulbildung: Eine Einführung
Authors:   Universidad de León, O'Dowd Robert
Published: July 2022

Virtual Exchange (VE) ist ein Sammelbegriff für eine Vielzahl von Ansätzen und Methoden der Online-Lehre, bei denen Studierende im Rahmen ihrer regulären Ausbildung über längere Zeit mit Partnerinnen und Partnern verschiedener kultureller Hintergründe virtuell kooperieren und interagieren. Dieser Beitrag diskutiert die Unterschiede zwischen VE und den verwandten Konzepten Virtual Mobility (VM) und Blended Mobility (BM). Im Anschluss daran werden die wesentlichen VE-Lernergebnisse für Lehrende und Studierende skizziert. Den Abschluss bildet ein Vorschlag, wie Hochschulen VE in ihren Internationalisierungsprogrammen berücksichtigen und dessen Akzeptanz unter Lehrenden fördern können. Die These lautet dabei, dass VE weder mit physischen Mobilitätsprogrammen konkurriert noch einen „Notbehelf“ darstellt, der nur in Zeiten von Pandemie und internationalen Reisebeschränkungen relevant ist. Vielmehr ist VE als Vorbereitung auf eine physische Mobilität oder als Ergänzung dazu zu betrachten, die das hochschuleigene Angebot an internationalen Lernerfahrungen für Studierende erweitert.
Housing Policy Transformed
Authors: King Peter
Published: July 2022

This book seeks to understand the Right to Buy, the most controversial housing policy of the last thirty years, on its own terms, rather than most studies which focus on its negative impact. It explains how the policy links with a coherent ideology based on self-interest and the care of things close to us.
Uprooted
Authors: Parker Roy
Published: July 2022

This book explores the economic, religious, political and personal forces that led to some eighty thousand British children being sent to Canada between 1867 and 1915, and provides a vivid look at one aspect of the history of child welfare practices.
LITERATURE IN THE EFL CLASSROOM: CREATIVE ACTIVITIES FOR ONLINE TEACHING TO YOUNG LEARNERS
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Jagodina, Ćirković-Miladinović Ivana
Published: July 2022

Using literature in young learners’ EFL (English as a Foreign Language) classroom can be a motivating medium for language teaching and learning. Although with some difficulties in the application of literary texts in English language teaching, literature may contribute to the improvement of students’ motivation for learning and could bring to more effective English language instruction. In line with the previously said, the paper will give an outline of how, when and why literature should be incorporated in EFL curriculum with the purpose of emphasizing the use of literature as a popular technique for teaching both basic language skills (i.e. reading, writing, listening and speaking) and language areas (i.e. vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation). This theoretical research aims at answering the following questions: 1) What is the role of literature in teaching and learning English as a foreign language?, 2) What are the approaches a language teacher can use online when teaching literary texts in young learners’ EFL classroom? and 3) What are the benefits of using different genres of literature in teaching English online? As a conclusion, the paper will provide useful ideas and activities for creative English language teaching in online surrounding by using literature as a tool rather than an end in teaching English to young learners.