bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistemske in nesistemske novotvorjenke v tiskanih oglasih
Authors: Voršič Ines
Published: April 2020

Zaradi vse večje konkurenčnosti je področje oglaševanja segment, ki mora za dosego ciljev izkazati veliko spretnost in izvirnost. Jezik je eno izmed osnovnih orodij, ki služi oglaševalcem za vzbujanje pozornosti in radovednosti. V prispevku so predstavljene sistemske (gmailati) in nesistemske (dabest) novotvorjenke, ki se v slovenskih tiskanih oglasih pojavljajo kot rezultat besedne igre ali pa kot aktualizacija oglaševalčevega imena.
Slovansko-staroirska vzporednica praslovansko *kry in staroirsko crú ‘kri’
Authors: Repanšek Luka
Published: April 2020

Glede na stanje pri sigmatskem samostalniku srednjega spola *kreH2-es- v nekaterih glavnih historičnih indoevropskih jezikih (vedska stara indijščina, stara grščina) se na praindoevropsko stanje projicira proterokinetični akcentski model Jochema Schindlerja. Primerjava s prav tako podedovanim vzorcem, ki ga izkazujeta psl. *kr in stirs. crú, takšno domnevo potrjuje.
Leksikon hrvaških priimkov Franja Maletića in Petra Šimunovića
Authors: Lončarić Mijo
Published: April 2020

Hrvaška je leta 1976 dobila prvi leksikon priimkov, leta 2008 pa je v treh knjigah izšlo drugo tako delo, leksikon z naslovom Hrvatski prezimenik. Temelji na popisu prebivalstva Republike Hrvaške leta 2001 in je izdelan računalniško, dopolnjen pa je s posebnimi seznami priimkov po naseljih in tisoč najpogostejših hrvaških priimkov. V delo so vključene tudi razprave Petra Šimunovića o priimkih in njegova bibliografija na to temo.
Thoughts on Older Romance Elements in Slovenian and Other South Slavic Languages (Part 1)
Authors: Šega Agata
Published: April 2020

This article compares the features of older Romance elements in Slovenian with the features of loans of the same kind in other South Slavic languages. In the first part the author examines vocabulary borrowed into Slovenian and Croatian before the twelfth century, paying special attention to the criteria for differentiating between true and apparent older Romance elements.
Leksikografska praksa pri Čehih in Slovakih
Authors: Perdih Andrej
Published: April 2020

Česká a slovenská výkladová lexikografia na začiatku 21. storočia: súbor príspevkov v rámci medzinárodného projektu Princípy a metódy tvorby výkladového slovníka, ur. Jindra Světlá – Alexandra Jarošová – Albena Rangelova, Brno: Tribun EU, 2011, 220 str
Devetdeset let rusistke in frazeologinje Antice Menac
Authors: Rojs Jurij
Published: April 2020

Akademikinja Antica Menac je osrednja osebnost hrvaške rusistike v 20. stoletju. Kar pomeni Rajko Nahtigal za Slovence, to je Antica Menac za Hrvate in južnoslovanske ter – širše gledano – za evropske in neevropske narode.
Phrasemes with the components ‘heart’ and ‘soul’ in the Lower Carniolan local dialect of Šentrupert
Authors: Smole Vera
Published: April 2020

This article focuses on phrasemes with the elements srce ‘heart’ and duša ‘soul’ that were collected in the eastern Lower Carniolan local dialect of Šentrupert and then lexicographically organized. They are classified into semantic groups and discussed in terms of their semantic similarity and expressing positive and negative emotional connotations. The article concludes with a presentation of new Šentrupert phrasemes that have not been included in Slovenian phraseology literature to date.
K opisom bolezni in smrti z logičnimi osebki v Slovenskem lingvističnem atlasu 1
Authors: Nartnik Vlado
Published: April 2020

Prvi zvezek Slovenskega lingvističnega atlasa se nanaša na človeka – na njegovo telo, bolezni in družino. Med imenskimi gesli za bolezni in smrt so posebnost opisi, ki imajo namesto iskanega samostalnika zapisane glagolske frazeme pa tudi elipse z zamolčanim glagolskim jedrom. Glagolska gesla se spet rada vključujejo v stavke s formalnimi in logičnimi osebki.
Hildegard Striedter-Temps’ Lexicographic Volume Deutsche Lehnwörter im Slovenischen (German Loanwords in Slovenian, 1963) in Light of Bezlaj’s Critique (1964): Fifty Years Later
Authors: Furlan Metka
Published: April 2020

This article concludes that Bezlaj’s rather critical review (1964) of Hildegard Striedter-Temps’ lexicographic volume Deutsche Lehnwörter im Slovenischen (German Loanwords in Slovenian, 1963) was excessive because this book has become an important reference work for all serious works that deal with German loanwords in Slovenian, including Bezlaj’s Etimološki slovar slovenskega jezika (Etymological Dictionary of Slovenian Language).
Frazeološkost krščanskega izrazja v vsakdanjem govoru
Authors: Verdonik Darinka
Published: April 2020

V prispevku raziskujemo rabo krščanskega izrazja v frazemih (s poudarkom na pragmatičnih frazemih). Kot dopolnitev predhodnim frazeološkim razpravam, ki temeljijo na slovarskem gradivu oz. pisnih besedilih ali pisnih korpusih, nas zanima raba v vsakdanjem spontano govorjenem jeziku. Rezultati kažejo, da gre za besede, ki so prevladujoče rabljene v nepropozicijski (metadiskurzni) vlogi, predvsem za izražanje odnosa govorca do vsebine pogovora, redkeje pa tudi do naslovnika ali okoliščin.
Kâroly Gadânyi, The Evolution of Vocabulary in literary Slovenian, Melbourne Academia Press, Melbourne 1996
Authors: Jež Marija
Published: April 2020

Kâroly Gadânyi, avtor angleško pisane knjige o razvoju slovenskega knjižnega besedja, je jezikoslovec slavist, ki se med drugim intenzivno študijsko ukvarja tudi s slovenistiko.
Govor celjskega predmestja Gaberje
Authors: Škofic Jožica
Published: April 2020

Članek prinaša opis govora celjskega industrijskega predmestja Gaberje na glasoslovni, oblikoslovni in besedni ravnini. Gre za različico celjskega nadnarečja, govori posameznih informantov pa se med seboj razlikujejo vsaj v nekaterih podrobnostih, ki so jih posamezniki ali njihovi starši in zakonci prinesli iz različnih (pa vendarle predvsem štajerskih) narečnih okolij.
Zgodba o ljudstvu
Authors: Müller Jakob
Published: April 2020

Na ozadju jezikovnega nesoglasja med Petrom Pavlom Vergerijem ml. in Primožem Trubarjem obravnava članek zgodovino sopomenk folk, ljudstvo in narod, in sicer na osnovi prevodov Svetega pisma, slovarjev slovenskega jezika in Brižinskih spomenikov.
Hrematonimi
Authors: Gložančev Alenka
Published: April 2020

V članku je podan pregled slovenske hrematonimije. Terminološki opredelitvi pojma hrematonim sledi obravnava različnih vrst hrematonimov v slovenskem imenoslovju; podrobneje sta predstavljeni obravnava imen upravnih enot oz. družbenopolitičnih in upravnih skupnosti ter obravnava poslovnih imen oz. imen podjetij. V okviru poslovnih imen je poudarjena vloga jezikovnokulturne politike. V razdelku Stanje raziskav in prikaz raziskovalnih rezultatov na področju slovenskega poslovnega imenoslovja sta podani strukturna tipologija imen slovenskih podjetij in tipologija enobesednih imen slovenskih podjetij. Glede na j ezikovnokultur ni vidik sta podana prikaz odnosa do tujejezičnih imen slovenskih podjetij in utemeljitev teze, da tujejezična imena slovenskih podjetij niso sodobna marketinška globalizacijska potreba, ampak so jezikovnokulturniproblem. Predstavljena sta uporaba statistične metodologije pri obravnavi stanja in odnosa slovenskih govorcev do tujejezičnih imen slovenskih podjetij ter predlog ustreznih nalog slovenskega uporabnega jezikoslovja v smislu konkretne slovenistične strateške pomoči za jezikovnokulturno ozaveščanje na področju poslovnih imen (predlog za jezikovne priročnike s konkretno tematiko imen slovenskih podjetij). Poudarjena je potreba po interdisciplinarnem pristopu na poslovnoimenskem področju (sodelovanje strokovnjakov s področja jezikoslovja, sociologije, prava, marketinške stroke).
Slovensko imenoslovje v Porabju
Authors: Kozar Marija
Published: April 2020

V prispevku je kratek pregled značilnosti slovenskih imen v Porabju. Ta so prikazana s tipičnimi primeri, ki kažejo tudi vpliv madžarskega jezika.
O naglaševanju števnikov dvanajst in petnajst v slovenskih narečjih (po gradivu za SLA)
Authors: Poklač Saša
Published: April 2020

V prispevku skuša avtorica na podlagi gradiva za Slovenski lingvistični atlas (SLA) z metodami lingvistične geografije prikazati razširjenost naglasa na prvem, drugem oz. obeh zlogih v dvozložnih števnikih dvanajst (vpr. 658) in petnajst (vpr. 659) v slovenskih narečjih ter s tem utemeljiti (ne)upravičenost naglasevanja števnikov od enajst do devetnajst na zadnjem zlogu, kar predpisuje SP 2001.
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Its Mixed Reality in the Learning Sphere
Authors: Mthembu Ntokozo
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this article is to discuss the literature review and observable experiences on mixed reality posed by the use of information and communication technology (ICT) systems in the education system in the South African landscape. Human progress in the 21st century has been characterised by the rise of computer technology, that has become a defining feature in almost all social spheres. However, the reality shows that though ICT is celebrated for its undisputed, “uncertainty” and efficient services, especially when it comes to communication, information and dissemination. It also tends to encourage the abandonment of other modes of communication, specifically in relation to teaching and learning. In discovering the challenges and possibilities posed by the information technology, the notion of a didactical triangle will be explored. Literature reveals that the advent of ICT brought about various developmental opportunities and threats to human life. This article argues that consideration of institution and context is fundamental when it comes to a better understanding of the practicalities of information technology. This article will add value by shedding light on the realities and challenges in relation to ICT on the human life. The conclusion is that interventions that relates to information and communication technology have to seriously consider the structural constraints of access and social inequity as well as the effects of coloniality.
Hope in Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure
Authors: Rustøen Tone , Howie Jill , Eidsmo Ingrid , Moum Torbjørn
Published: April 2020

• Background Hope is seldom described in patients with heart failure, despite high morbidity and mortality for this population.

• Objectives To describe hope in hospitalized patients with heart failure and to evaluate influences of demographic and health-related variables on hope.

• Methods Ninety-three patients with heart failure and 441 healthy control subjects completed questionnaires about sociodemographics, health indices, disease severity, and the Herth Hope Index.

• Results The patients with heart failure had a mean age of 75 years; 65% were men, and 47% lived alone. Lung diseases and diabetes were the most common comorbid diseases, with 58% classified as New York Heart Association class III. The mean global hope score among patients with heart failure was 37.69 (SD 5.3). Patients with skin (P = .01) and psychiatric (P = .02) disorders reported lower hope scores. Number of comorbid diseases was the only predictor of hope related to disease-specific variables (P = .01). Mean age of the control subjects was 60 years, and 66 (15%) lived alone. Once demographic variables were controlled for, patients with heart failure had significantly higher global hope scores than did control subjects.

• Conclusions Adaptation to a life-threatening illness may induce a “response shift” that causes such patients to have more hope than the general population. Patients with heart failure may be more concerned with the past than the future. How patients judge their health and satisfaction with life influences their hope. Interventions supporting hope in patients with heart failure may influence treatment goals.
Análise da eficiência do uso da água na fruticultura irrigada do Vale do Açu no Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Brito Rosival Gomes de , Oliveira Zezineto Mendes de , Aquino Joacir Rufino de
Published: April 2020

O objetivo desse artigo é analisar a eficiência do uso da água na fruticultura irrigada do Vale do Açu/RN durante a grande seca que atingiu a microrregião no período de 2012-2015, em específico o caso dos produtores de manga e banana. Para tanto, foram usadas as técnicas de Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) visando calcular os níveis de eficiência técnica e a eficiência de sub-vetor para medir a eficiência do uso da água. Os resultados da eficiência de sub-vetor apontam que, em média, 43% dos produtores de manga foram eficientes no uso da água. Os níveis de eficiência para os produtores de banana foram ainda mais baixos, alcançando apenas 28%. Portanto, os padrões de uso da água na fruticultura irrigada do Vale do Açu podem ser otimizados mantendo-se o mesmo nível de produção, exigindo uma ação efetiva nessa direção.
Fatores condicionantes dos movimentos de massa no município de Agudo/RS
Authors: Behling Angeli Aline , Valli Nummer Andrea , Volpato Sccoti Anderson Augusto
Published: April 2020

Os movimentos de massa são importantes processos geomorfológicos, responsáveis pelo modelado da superfície terrestre. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar fatores condicionantes dos movimentos de massa no munícipio de Agudo. Para determinar os condicionantes, foram utilizadas informações cartográficas e trabalhos de campo. Onze processos foram identificados, os quais foram representados em mapas temáticos. O resultado indica que os fatores mais significativos são: declividade, contatos entre diferentes tipos de rochas e contato do colúvio com o solo residual (neossolo) ou rocha sedimentar alterada. A metodologia utilizada mostrou-se eficaz, possibilitando qualificar as informações obtidas dos mapas temáticos, cujas escalas de informações eram regionais.
SICOPOLIS-AD v1: an open-source adjoint modeling framework for ice sheet simulation enabled by the algorithmic differentiation tool OpenAD
Authors: Logan Liz C. , Narayanan Sri Hari Krishna , Greve Ralf , Heimbach Patrick
Published: April 2020

Abstract. We present a new capability of the ice sheet model SICOPOLIS that enables flexible adjoint code generation via source transformation using the open-source algorithmic differentiation (AD) tool OpenAD.
The adjoint code enables efficient calculation of the sensitivities of a scalar-valued objective function or quantity of interest (QoI) to a range of important, often spatially varying and uncertain model input variables, including initial and boundary conditions, as well as model parameters.
Compared to earlier work on the adjoint code generation of SICOPOLIS, our work makes several important advances:
(i) it is embedded within the up-to-date trunk of the SICOPOLIS repository – accounting for 1.5 decades of code development and improvements – and is readily available to the wider community;
(ii) the AD tool used, OpenAD, is an open-source tool;
(iii) the adjoint code developed is applicable to both Greenland and Antarctica, including grounded ice as well as floating ice shelves, with an extended choice of thermodynamical representations.
A number of code refactorization steps were required. They are discussed in detail in an Appendix as they hold lessons for the application of AD to legacy codes at large.
As an example application, we examine the sensitivity of the total Antarctic Ice Sheet volume to changes in initial ice thickness, austral summer precipitation, and basal and surface temperatures across the ice sheet.
Simulations of Antarctica with floating ice shelves show that over 100 years of simulation the sensitivity of total ice sheet volume to the initial ice thickness and precipitation is almost uniformly positive, while the sensitivities to surface and basal temperature are almost uniformly negative. Sensitivity to austral summer precipitation is largest on floating ice shelves from Queen Maud to Queen Mary Land. The largest sensitivity to initial ice thickness is at outlet glaciers around Antarctica. Comparison between total ice sheet volume sensitivities to surface and basal temperature shows that surface temperature sensitivities are higher broadly across the floating ice shelves, while basal temperature sensitivities are highest at the grounding lines of floating ice shelves and outlet glaciers. A uniformly perturbed region of East Antarctica reveals that, among the four control variables tested here, total ice sheet volume is the most sensitive to variations in austral summer precipitation as formulated in SICOPOLIS.
Comparison between adjoint- and finite-difference-derived sensitivities shows good agreement, lending confidence that the AD tool is producing correct adjoint code.
The new modeling infrastructure is freely available at http://www.sicopolis.net (last access: 2 April 2020) under the development trunk.
Modeling the Growth of Forage Legumes
Authors: Rezende Brunna R. , Lima Michelane S. S. , Santana Hygor A. , Santos Wilhan V. dos , Silva Anderson R. da
Published: April 2020

Modeling the growth curve of agricultural crops is of paramount importance so that management tasks such as fertilization and irrigation can be carried out at the appropriate time, increasing the vegetal yield. With this purpose, nonlinear models are commonly employed. The objective of this work was to fit some of the main nonlinear models that best describe the growth curve of some of the main species of forage legumes, namely: Crotalaria juncea, Canavalia ensiformis, Cajanus cajan and Dolichos lablab L. A randomized block experiment was conducted in field conditions between November 2015 and February 2016 in southeastern Goiás, Brazil. The variables plant height, stem diameter, fresh and dry mass were measured after 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days from sowing. The following models were fitted: Gompertz, Logistic, Brody and von Bertalanffy. The following goodness-of-fit criteria were calculated: R2 (normal and adjusted), AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) and absolute mean error. The growth curves of morphological variables are easier to model than the biomass curves. The von Bertalanffy and Gompertz models presented in general the best fit. The species C. juncea has an expressive biomass accumulation rate.
Noise Characteristic Analysis of Multi-Port Network in Phased Array Radar
Authors: Hongbiao Yu
Published: April 2020

Noise figure and noise power are detailedly analyzed and deduced in theory for multi-port network in active phased array radar. The mathematical expressions of output noise power and noise figure of network are given out under various conditions. Accordingly, this provides a basis of theories for multi-port network and radar receiver system design, the test method of array noise figure. Finally, two application examples are given to verify the accuracy of the formulae. Making use of these formulas, the designer can use to calculate the dynamic range of the radar receive system, and the designer can also constitute a measure scheme of the array noise figure for active phased array radar.
Gender Differences in Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Guo Yaya , Bai YanPing , Gao Yan , Wang Chenxia , Wang Zhilu
Published: April 2020

With the increasing incidence of coronary artery disease, the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become one of the most effective treatments for coronary artery disease. After more than 40 years of clinical application, development and research, and continuous improvement, it has been widely used around the world. In recent years, due to the continuous innovation of drug-eluting stents, equipment, drugs, and interventional technology, the indications for treatment have been continuously broadened, many heart centers can deal with complete revascularization for high-risk indicated patient session, and the efficacy has been further improved. However, studies have shown that there are gender differences in the clinical prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention, which are affected by many related risk factors of gender differences, but there is lack of systematic and comprehensive review of relevant factors. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the possible causes of gender differences in the clinical outcomes of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention and to put forward recommendations for primary prevention and secondary prevention.
The Relation between Stress of Clinical Practice and Burnout among Nursing Students: The Mediation Effect of Spiritual Well-being
Authors: Lee Do Young , Park Jin Kyoung , Choi Mi Young
Published: April 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influence the clinical practice of nursing students and to identify the mediating effects of spiritual well-being in the relation between stress of clinical practice and burnout caused by clinical practice. Methods: Data were collected by self-report questionnaires targeting 420 nursing students in three nursing colleges located in Gyeonggi and Chungnam province. Results: Burnout of clinical practice according to general characteristics of the study subjects showed significant difference in religion (t=1.895, p=.049). Stress of clinical practice and burnout of clinical practice showed positive correlation (r=.42, p<.001), existential spiritual well-being showed negative correlation between stress of clinical practice (r=-.17, p<.001) and burnout of clinical practice (r=-.47, p<.001). In addition, religious spiritual well-being in spiritual well-being showed no mediating effects and existential spiritual well-being showed mediating effects between burnout in clinical practice stress. Conclusion: In order to alleviate the stress of clinical practice for burnout of clinical practice prevention of nursing students, solutions to improve the existential spiritual well-being will be required in the future.
Human Rights Sensitivity, Advocacy Attitudes, and Advocacy Interventions for Mentally Disabled People in Psychiatric Nurses and Nursing Students
Authors: Chung Myung Sill , Lim Kyung Choon , Ko Jain
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the relationship between human rights sensitivity, advocacy attitudes, and advocacy interventions for mentally disabled people in psychiatric nurses and nursing students. Methods: This is a descriptive study. Using questionnaires, data were collected from 206 participants who were recruited from one mental health institute, one general hospital, and one university in S city. Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS/WIN 22. Results: The mean age was $33.8{pm}12.89$. The mean scores of human rights sensitivity, advocacy attitudes, and advocacy intervention was $37.7{pm}18.09$, $53.7{pm}5.67$, and $47.4{pm}7.08$, respectively. Human rights sensitivity correlated significantly with advocacy attitudes (r=.25, p=.020) and advocacy intervention (r=.17, p=.015). Also, there was a significant positive correlation between advocacy attitudes and advocacy intervention (r=.44, p<.001). Conclusion: These findings highlight that advocacy attitudes and advocacy interventions for mentally disabled people could be improved by increasing human rights sensitivity. Tailored education programs will be effective in the field of mental health care services to increase human rights sensitivity.
The Effect of Debriefing using Reflective Questions and Writing in Simulation Training: Post Operative Care of Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Bang SulYeong , Eun Young
Published: April 2020

Purpose: The purposes of study was to evaluate the effect of debriefing using reflection questions and writing on the critical thinking disposition, self-efficacy, and clinical judgement ability in simulation of post-operative care of abdominal surgery. Methods: The research method was a nonequivalent control group no-synchronized design. The study period was from August 22 to 30, 2016. The subjects were comprised of 34 people in the experimental group and 36 in the control group. In a simulation session for post-operative care of abdominal surgery, the treatment of the experimental group was to debrief for 30 minutes using Lasater's reflection questions and writing. For the control group, a typical debriefing was conducted in the same environment. Results: Critical thinking disposition, self-efficacy, and clinical judgement were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group. Conclusion: To enhance the critical thinking disposition, self-efficacy, and clinical judgement of nursing students in simulation, it is recommended to debrief using reflection questions and writing.
Adaptation Experiences of Male Students in Nursing Education Programs: A Meta-synthesis Study
Authors: Son Haeng Mi , Oh Seieun , Jang Hye Young
Published: April 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to integrate and synthesize findings from qualitative studies exploring male students' experiences of adapting to nursing education programs so as to obtain further understanding of the phenomenon. Methods: The meta-synthesis process was primarily guided by Noblit and Hare's approach, which consists of four stages including searching, appraisal of an individual study's quality, data extraction for analysis, and meta-synthesizing the results. Results: Findings from the literature reviewed were synthesized into six themes: 1) extraordinary choice based on job stability and gender scarcity; 2) unexpected feeling of marginalization as minority far apart from the mainstream; 3) assimilation and negotiation for relational adaptation through perspective shift; 4) fortifying the vision and identity as nursing students by meaning making for adapting to the nursing major; 5) mutual support among colleague male students; and 6) serving in the military as way of hiding out and achieving maturation. Conclusion: The findings illustrate that nursing education programs need practical changes promoting male students' adaptation to the program itself as well as preparation to be a professional nurse in the future.
The Effects of a Support Program for Family Caregivers of Elderly with Dementia on Empowerment and Attitudes toward Dementia
Authors: Kim So Yoon , Jeong Seonghee
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This research was conducted to identify the effects of providing support programs to families of elderly with dementia on family empowerment and attitudes toward dementia. Methods: A nonequivalent control group pre- and post-test design was used. Participants were 49 family caregivers, experimental (24) and control (25), recruited from families through a dementia support center in Y district. This program implemented Haearim, a support program for family caregivers of demented elders developed by the National Institute of Dementia in 2016. Outcome measures were empowerment and attitudes toward to dementia. Data were analyzed with a ${chi}^2-test$, independent t-test, Fisher's exact probability test, paired t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA with SPSS/PC version 20.0. Results: Family empowerment (F=6.84, p=.002) and family caregivers' attitudes (F=16.48, p<.001) toward dementia in the experimental group improved significantly more than that of the control group after intervention. Conclusion: Results indicate that support programs for families of elderly with dementia are effective in positively changing empowerment and attitudes toward dementia among family caregivers.
A rare case of implant displacement to the contralateral side after gluteal augmentation
Authors: Rueda Juan Dario Alviar , Miranda-Diaz Audrey Jose , Cely Adriana Gonzalez , Leon Diana Carolina Navarro
Published: April 2020

In this report, we present a rare case of solid silicone implant displacement to the contralateral side after aesthetic gluteal augmentation, a phenomenon that has never been reported before in the literature. A 29-year-old woman with a history of gluteal augmentation 9 months previously and soft tissue infection presented for a consultation due to 3 days of sudden progressive pain in the right gluteus with erythema and edema, without a history of trauma. Displacement of the left gluteal implant to the right gluteal pocket was shown by magnetic resonance imaging. Because the patient refused implant removal, the decision was made to perform capsulotomy, to reconstruct the gluteal pockets, and to preserve the implants. The patient showed a satisfactory early and late postoperative course. Possible causes of this complication include poor surgical technique, with insufficient tissue preservation to keep the pockets apart, and the presence of seroma or hematoma that favored an infectious process, thereby leading to deterioration of the dissected soft tissues with dehiscence of the wound favoring the displacement of the implant.
Surface Topography and Electrical Signaling: Single and Synergistic Effects on Neural Differentiation of Stem Cells
Authors: Eftekhari Behnaz Sadat , Eskandari Mahnaz , Janmey Paul A. , Samadikuchaksaraei Ali , Gholipourmalekabadi Mazaher
Published: April 2020

Incomplete regeneration and restoration of function in damaged nerves is a major clinical challenge. In this regard, stem cells hold much promise in nerve tissue engineering, with advantages such as prevention of scar‐tissue ingrowth and guidance of axonal regrowth. Engineering 3D and patterned microenvironments using biomaterials with chemical and mechanical characteristics close to those of normal nervous tissue has enabled new approaches for guided differentiation of various stem cells toward neural cells and possible treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. Differentiation of stem cells in a neurogenic lineage is largely affected by signals from the surrounding microenvironment (niche). The stem cell niche refers to a specific microenvironment around the stem cells, which provides specific biochemical (soluble factors) and biophysical signals (topography, electrical, and mechanical). This specified niche regulates the stem cells' behavior and fate. While the role of chemical cues in neural differentiation is well appreciated, recently, the cues presented by the physical microenvironment are increasingly documented to be important regulators of nerve cell differentiation. The single and synergistic effects of surface topography and electrical signals on neural differentiation of stem cells are reviewed.
Role of PCBM in the Suppression of Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhong Yu , Hufnagel Martin , Thelakkat Mukundan , Li Cheng , Huettner Sven
Published: April 2020

The power conversion efficiency of inorganic–organic hybrid lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is approaching that of those made from single crystalline silicon; however, they still experience problems such as hysteresis and photo/electrical‐field‐induced degradation. Evidences consistently show that ionic migration is critical for these detrimental behaviors, but direct in‐situ studies are still lacking to elucidate the respective kinetics. Three different PSCs incorporating phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and a polymerized form (PPCBM) is fabricated to clarify the function of fullerenes towards ionic migration in perovskites: 1) single perovskite layer, 2) perovskite/PCBM bilayer, 3) perovskite/PPCBM bilayer, where the fullerene molecules are covalently linked to a polymer backbone impeding fullerene inter‐diffusion. By employing wide‐field photoluminescence imaging microscopy, the migration of iodine ions/vacancies under an external electrical field is studied. The polymerized PPCBM layer barely suppresses ionic migration, whereas PCBM readily does. Temperature‐dependent chronoamperometric measurements demonstrate the reduction of activation energy with the aid of PCBM and X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) measurements show that PCBM molecules are viable to diffuse into the perovskite layer and passivate iodine related defects. This passivation significantly reduces iodine ions/vacancies, leading to a reduction of built‐in field modulation and interfacial barriers.
All‐Perovskite Integrated X‐Ray Detector with Ultrahigh Sensitivity
Authors: Li Xiaoming , Meng Cuifang , Huang Bo , Yang Dandan , Xu Xiaobao , Zeng Haibo
Published: April 2020

Recently, halide perovskites represent potential materials in X‐ray detection via both direct and indirect ways. Generally, thick active materials are necessary to completely absorb X‐ray photons while inefficient carrier collection leads to low device sensitivity. Besides, though perovskite nanocrystal (NC) scintillators can be used with silicon detectors, they suffer from strong reabsorption problem and the responsivity of silicon detectors is usually low. Herein, an effective strategy based on all‐perovskite integrated device is demonstrated to greatly improve the sensitivity of X‐ray detector. On one hand, efficient ultrafast exciton routing within CsPbBr3 NCs induces a large Stokes shift, and then greatly improved photoluminescence quantum yield (> 50%) and radioluminescence efficiency (> 3‐fold) are achieved. On the other hand, perovskite photodiode (PD) with responsivity higher than 0.4 A W−1 in a wide band is fabricated. The integrated detector takes full advantages of high X‐ray to emission efficiency of engineered CsPbBr3 NCs and high responsivity of perovskite PDs, respectively, and a record high sensitivity of 54684 µC Gy−1 cm−2 at the dose rate of 8.8 µGy s−1 is achieved. This work undoubtedly opens another window for perovskite X‐ray detectors with better performances or even higher spatial resolution.
Gold‐catalyzed [4+3]‐Annulations of Benzopyriliums with Vinyldiazo Carbonyls to Form Bicyclic Heptatriene Rings with Skeletal Rearrangement
Authors: Sekar Kulandai Raj Antony , Liu Rai‐Shung
Published: April 2020

We report gold catalyzed [4+3]‐annulations between benzopyriliums and 3‐alkyl‐2‐diazo‐3‐vinyl carbonyls, yielding 7H‐benzo[7]annulene products efficiently. Notably, the carbon skeletons of resulting 7H‐benzo[7]annulenes are structurally rearranged, accompanied by migrations of their alkyl and ketone motifs. Apart from applicable substrates over a wide scope, these annulatios are applicable to pyriliums and 3‐alkyl‐2‐diazo‐3‐vinyl esters to increase their reaction significance. We postulate a mechanism involving an initial [4+2]‐cycloaddition between benzopyriliums and 3‐alkyl‐2‐diazo‐3‐vinyl carbonyl species, followed by formation of gold carbenes to induce a ring expansion and group migrations.

magnified image
Lipid profile changes after direct acting antiviral treatment in different genotypes of chronic hepatitis C virus‐infected patients
Authors: Lin Cheng‐Heng , Chen Jyh‐Jou , Lee Pei‐Lun , Tung Hung‐Da , Cheng Chun‐Ta , Kao Hsu‐Ju , Wu Yu‐Hsun , Pang Mai‐Gio , Chuang Tang‐Wei
Published: April 2020

The fact that chronic hepatitis C (CHC) virus interacts with serum lipid metabolism is well‐known, and previous studies have demonstrated that hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication using direct acting antivirals (DAAs) or interferon‐based therapy, can cause lipid levels to increase during treatment. The current study focused on HCV patients with different genotypes who had a sustained virological response (SVR); their lipid levels and metabolism changes after DAA treatment were investigated. The current study retrospectively included 394 patients who received DAAs treatment for CHC with SVR in Liouying Chi‐Mei Medical Center. Patients who accepted lipid‐lowering therapy within 6 months prior to the start of DAA treatment were excluded. The patient's lipid profiles and homeostasis model assessment‐insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) index were measured and evaluated at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment. The SVR rate was 96.2% across all patients. The mean triglyceride level was not significantly increased after SVR. The mean total cholesterol level was significantly increased from baseline 165.2 ± 33.6 mg/dL to after SVR 184.5 ± 36.0 mg/dL (P < .0001). The mean high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) was significantly increased from baseline level 45.9 ± 12.3 mg/dL to after SVR 49.0 ± 12.4 mg/dL (P < .0001). The mean low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) was significantly increased from baseline 95.2 ± 28.3 mg/dL to after SVR 111.7 ± 31.3 (P < .0001). The HOMA‐IR had no significant change in the 294 patients without diabetes. The subgroups analysis of genotypes 1a, 1b, 2, and 6 revealed a significant increase in total cholesterol and LDLC levels following treatment. In conclusion, it was found that lipid profiles, including total cholesterol, HDLC, and LDLC levels, were significantly increased after DAA treatment for CHC patients who achieved SVR 12 with genotypes 1a, 1b, 2, and 6.
Initiation of symptomatic medication in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials: Hypothetical versus treatment policy approach
Authors: Donohue Michael C. , Model Fabian , Delmar Paul , Volye Nicola , Liu‐Seifert Hong , Rafii Michael S. , Aisen Paul S. ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: April 2020

In clinical trials in populations with mild cognitive impairment, it is common for participants to initiate concurrent symptomatic medications for Alzheimer's disease after randomization to the experimental therapy. One strategy for addressing this occurrence is to exclude any observations that occur after the concurrent medication is initiated. The rationale for this approach is that these observations might reflect a symptomatic benefit of the concurrent medication that would adversely bias efficacy estimates for an effective experimental therapy. We interrogate the assumptions underlying such an approach by estimating the effect of newly prescribed concurrent medications in an observational study, the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.
The overnight reduction of amyloid β 1‐42 plasma levels is diminished by the extent of sleep fragmentation, sAPP‐β, and APOE ε4 in psychiatrists on call
Authors: Grimmer Timo , Laub Theresa , Hapfelmeier Alexander , Eisele Tamara , Fatke Bastian , Hölzle Patricia , Lüscher Sandra , Parchmann Anna‐Mareike , Rentrop Michael , Schwerthöffer Dirk , Müller‐Sarnowski Felix , Ortner Marion , Goldhardt Oliver , Kurz Alexander , Förstl Hans , Alexopoulos Panagiotis
Published: April 2020

Introduction

In mice there might be an association between sleep deprivation and amyloid β plasma levels. Hence, we examined whether amyloid plasma levels are associated with sleep duration or fragmentation in 17 psychiatrists on‐call.

Methods

Amyloid β (Aβ)42, Aβ40, and soluble amyloid precursor protein β (sAPP‐β) plasma concentrations were measured at the beginning and end of 90 on‐call nights, and analyzed using generalized linear models.

Results

In on‐call nights, a 10.7% reduction of Aβ42 was revealed overnight. Every single short sleep interruption diminished this reduction by 5.4%, as well as every pg/mL of sAPP‐β by 1.2%, each copy of APOE ε4 by 10.6%, and each year of professional experience by 3.0%.

Discussion

The extent of sleep fragmentation diminishes the physiological overnight reduction of Aβ42 but not Aβ40 plasma levels in the same direction as the enzyme for Aβ42 production, the genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and on‐call experience. Might on‐call duty and sleep fragmentation in general alter the risk for AD?
Fenebrutinib Versus Placebo or Adalimumab in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Phase II Trial
Authors: Cohen Stanley , Tuckwell Katie , Katsumoto Tamiko R. , Zhao Rui , Galanter Joshua , Lee Chin , Rae Julie , Toth Balazs , Ramamoorthi Nandhini , Hackney Jason A. , Berman Alberto , Damjanov Nemanja , Fedkov Dmytro , Jeka Slawomir , Chinn Leslie W. , Townsend Michael J. , Morimoto Alyssa M. , Genovese Mark C.
Published: April 2020

Objective

To evaluate fenebrutinib, an oral and highly selective noncovalent inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

Patients with RA and an inadequate response to methotrexate (MTX) (cohort 1; n = 480) were randomized to receive fenebrutinib (50 mg once daily, 150 mg once daily, or 200 mg twice daily), adalimumab (40 mg every other week), or placebo. Patients with RA and an inadequate response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (cohort 2; n = 98) received fenebrutinib (200 mg twice daily) or placebo. Both cohorts continued MTX therapy.

Results

In cohort 1, the percentages of patients in whom American College of Rheumatology 50% improvement criteria (ACR50) was achieved at week 12 were similar in the fenebrutinib 50 mg once daily and placebo groups, and were higher in the fenebrutinib 150 mg once daily group (28%) and 200 mg twice daily group (35%) than in the placebo group (15%) (P = 0.016 and P = 0.0003, respectively). Fenebrutinib 200 mg twice daily and adalimumab (36%) were comparable (P = 0.81). In cohort 2, ACR50 was achieved in more patients receiving fenebrutinib 200 mg twice daily (25%) than placebo (12%) (P = 0.072). The most common adverse events in the fenebrutinib groups included nausea, headache, anemia, and upper respiratory tract infections. Fenebrutinib had significant effects on myeloid and B cell biomarkers (CCL4 and rheumatoid factor). Fenebrutinib and adalimumab caused overlapping as well as distinct changes in B cell and myeloid biomarkers.

Conclusion

Fenebrutinib demonstrates efficacy comparable to adalimumab in patients with an inadequate response to MTX, and safety consistent with existing immunomodulatory therapies for RA. These data support targeting both B and myeloid cells via this novel mechanism for potential efficacy in the treatment of RA.
Triazine‐based Organic Polymer‐catalysed Conversion of Epoxide to Cyclic Carbonate under Ambient CO2 Pressure
Authors: Biswas Tanmoy , Halder Arjun , Paliwal Khusboo S. , Mitra Antarip , Tudu Gouri , Banerjee Rahul , Mahalingam Venkataramanan
Published: April 2020

In this work we have achieved epoxide to cyclic carbonate conversion using a metal‐free polymeric catalyst under ambient CO2 pressure (1.02 atm) using a balloon setup. The triazine containing polymer (CYA‐ANIS) was prepared from cyanuric chloride (CYA−Cl) and o‐dianisidine (ANIS) in anhydrous DMF as solvent by refluxing under the N2 gas environment. The presence of triazine and amine functional groups in the polymer results in the adsorption of CO2 up to 7 cc/g at 273 K. This inspired us to utilize the polymer for the conversion of a series of functionalised epoxides into their corresponding cyclic carbonates in the presence of tetrabutyl ammonium iodide (TBAI) as co‐catalyst. The product has wide range of applications like solvent in lithium ion battery, precursor for polycarbonate, etc. The catalyst was efficient for the conversion of different mono and di‐epoxides into their corresponding cyclic carbonates under atmospheric pressure in the presence of TBAI as co‐catalyst. The study indicates that epoxide attached with electron withdrawing groups (like, CH2Cl, glycidyl ether, etc.) displayed better conversion compared to simple alkane chain attached epoxides. This is mainly due to the stabilization of electron rich intermediates produced during the reaction (e. g. epoxide ring opening or CO2 incorporation into the halo‐alkoxide anion). This catalyst mixture was capable to maintain its reactivity up to five cycles without losing its activity. Post catalytic characterization clearly supports the heterogeneous and recyclable nature of the catalyst.
Brandschutz in der Gebäudetechnik für den produktiven Holzbau
Authors: Artmann Hans‐Henning , Waldner Alexander
Published: April 2020

Der mehrgeschossige Holzbau ist in Deutschland Realität und trotz baurechtlicher Einschränkungen bundesweit auf dem Vormarsch. Für Holzleichtbauweisen und hoch feuerhemmende Ausführungen gibt die Musterholzbaurichtlinie klare Vorgaben zur Abschottung von Haustechnikinstallationen. Trockene Abschottungslösungen bringen hier Vorteile gegenüber einem mineralischen Spaltverschluss. Im Massivholzbau und bei der Anforderung feuerbeständig sollten Fachplaner und Ausführende für einen reibungslosen Projektablauf auf geprüfte Lösungen zurückgreifen. Unabhängig von den Holzbauweisen ist eine frühzeitige Abstimmung aller Projektbeteiligten erforderlich, um die Produktivität des Holzbaus maximal auszuschöpfen.
Determining the overstrength factor based on statistical values of European steel grades
Authors: Gündel Max
Published: April 2020

In dissipative seismic design concepts, capacity design rules must be applied to control the plastic mechanism. For this purpose, nondissipative structural elements require an overstrength with respect to dissipative zones. The scattering of the yield strength of structural steel is considered in DIN EN 1998‐1 by the material overstrength factor
γ
ov with a recommended value of 1.25. However, current measurement data often show significantly higher yield strengths, especially for steel grades of a low nominal strength. In this article, new yield strength data of European steel grades are evaluated and compared with statistical values from the literature. A steel grade‐dependent over strength factor was derived from a new probabilistic model for the yield strength, which has been included in the new German National Annex DIN EN 1998‐1/NA:2018.
Ventricular arrhythmias not meeting criteria for terminating cardiopulmonary exercise testing stratify prognosis and disease severity in heart failure of preserved, midrange, and reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Popovic Dejana , Arena Ross , Jakovljevic Djordje , Ristic Arsen , Guazzi Marco
Published: April 2020

Background

Continued high mortality in heart failure patients indicates the need for additional methods of risk stratification and phenotyping.

Hypothesis

We hypothesized that ventricular arrhythmias that do not meet test‐termination criteria (non‐terminating ventricular arrhythmias [NTVA]) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) may help in phenotyping disease severity and prognosis in heart failure with reduced (HFrEF) and midrange (HFmrEF)/preserved (HFpEF) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Methods

About 319 patients with heart failure (199 HFrEF; 80 HFmrEF; 41 HFpEF) underwent CPET. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) were measured by echocardiography. B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) at rest and peak exercise was also determined. The patients were tracked for primary (cardiac death) and secondary composite outcomes (all‐cause death, heart transplantation/left ventricular assist device implantation, hospitalization for cardiac reasons).

Results

Forty‐seven (15%) of the patients demonstrated NTVA during CPET, regardless of coronary artery disease prevalence. Patients without arrhythmias had a significantly higher LVEF (P < .05), TAPSE/PASP ratio (P < .001), peak oxygen consumption (P < .01), lower resting and peak BNP (P < .001), and the minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope (P < .001) compared to those with NTVA. Seventy‐one patients died during the tracking period, 54 for cardiac reasons. NTVA during CPET was a significant predictor of primary and secondary outcomes in the total heart failure cohort (HR: 5.3, 3.7; 95% CI: 3.1‐9.1, 2.4‐5.5; P < .001, respectively), as well as in subgroups categorized according to reduced and middle‐range/preserved LVEF (P < .001).

Conclusion

Exercise‐induced ventricular arrhythmias that do not reach test‐termination criteria are nonetheless indicative of an advanced disease severity phenotype and worse prognosis.