bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acid–base equilibrium of the chromophore counterion results in distinct photoisomerization reactivity in the primary event of proteorhodopsin
Authors: Chang Chun-Fu , Kuramochi Hikaru , Singh Manish , Abe-Yoshizumi Rei , Tsukuda Tatsuya , Kandori Hideki , Tahara Tahei
Published: November 2019

Femtosecond time-resolved absorption highlights the critical role of the protonation state of Schiff base counterions in ultrafast dynamics of proteorhodopsin.
Optical fingerprint of bright and dark localized excitonic states in atomically thin 2D materials
Authors: Feierabend Maja , Brem Samuel , Malic Ermin
Published: November 2019

Defects can crucially impact the optical response of atomically thin two-dimensional materials as they offer trapping potentials for excitons.
Mono- and diylide-substituted phosphines (YPhos): impact of the ligand properties on the catalytic activity in gold(i)-catalysed hydroaminations
Authors: Schwarz Christopher , Handelmann Jens , Baier Daniel M. , Ouissa Alina , Gessner Viktoria H.
Published: November 2019

The monoylide-phosphines show a linear correlation between their donor strength and their activity in gold-catalysed hydroaminations, while steric congestions leads to lower activities of the diylide congeners despite their higher donor properties.
A Ce(iii) complex potently inhibits the activity and expression of tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2
Authors: Lin Lixia , Lu Liping , Du Ran , Yuan Caixia , Zhu Miaoli , Fu Xueqi , Xing Shu
Published: November 2019

Complex3potently inhibits the activity and expression of tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 and decreases cellular viability.
Real-time monitoring of ciprofloxacin degradation in an electro-Fenton-like system using electrochemical-mass spectrometry
Authors: He Jing , Li Na , Zhang Dongmei , Zheng Guangfan , Zhang Hong , Yu Kai , Jiang Jie
Published: November 2019

An effective electrochemical-mass spectrometry method for real-time monitoring of organics degradation by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes is reported.
Editorial Perspectives: achieving real-world impact
Authors: Templeton Michael R.
Published: November 2019

Michael Templeton discusses the translation of research into real-world impact in the water sector in this ‘Editorial Perspective’ for Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology.
Quantum effects in complex systems: summarizing remarks
Authors: Hammes-Schiffer Sharon
Published: November 2019

Quantum mechanical phenomena such as coherence, spin dynamics, and tunneling have been observed in biological, electrochemical, polymeric, and many other condensed phase processes. This paper summarizes the diverse contributions to the Faraday Discussion on quantum effects in complex systems.
Habitual animal fat consumption in shaping gut microbiota and microbial metabolites
Authors: Wan Yi , Tong Wenfeng , Zhou Renke , Li Jie , Yuan Jihong , Wang Fenglei , Li Duo
Published: November 2019

A diet with higher animal-based fat consumption is likely to be associated with moderately unfavorable impacts on gut microbial diversity, community, and regulation of fecal short-chain fatty acids.
Digital quantification and selection of high-lipid-producing microalgae through a lateral dielectrophoresis-based microfluidic platform
Authors: Han Song-I , Kim Hyun Soo , Han Ki-Ho , Han Arum
Published: November 2019

DEP-based microfluidic platform enables microalgae digital quantification based on intracellular lipid level and selective collection of high-lipid-producing microalgae from a library.
Protein biomaterials for theranostic applications
Authors: Punia Kamia , Kronenberg Jacob B. , Montclare Jin Kim
Published: November 2019

This review highlights recently reported protein-based multifunctional systems for diagnosis and therapy.
Effects of π-expansion, an additional hydroxyl group, and substitution on the excited state single and double proton transfer of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and its relative compounds: TD-DFT static and dynamic study
Authors: Prommin Chanatkran , Kerdpol Khanittha , Saelee Tinnakorn , Kungwan Nawee
Published: November 2019

The effects of π-expansion, an extra hydroxyl group, and substituents on the photophysical properties, the excited state single proton transfer and the double proton transfer of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and its relatives have been theoretically investigated using TD-DFT.
Introduction to supra-amphiphiles
Authors: Huang Feihe , Zhang Xi
Published: November 2019

Feihe Huang and Xi Zhang introduce the Materials Chemistry Frontiers themed issue on supra-amphiphiles.
Visual detection of Fusarium proliferatum based on asymmetric recombinase polymerase amplification and hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzyme
Authors: Wang Ying , Li Xiangdong , Xi Dongmei , Wang Xiaoqiang
Published: November 2019

Asymmetric recombinase polymerase amplification and hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzyme-based visual detection of F. proliferatum is demonstrated.
The effective photocatalysis and antibacterial properties of AgBr/AgVO3 composites under visible-light
Authors: Zhang Jie , Wang Jia , Xu Huihui , Lv Xianzi , Zeng YuXiang , Duan Jizhou , Hou Baorong
Published: November 2019

With the discharge of large amount of organic pollutants and antibiotics into the water environment, the water cycle has been seriously polluted, and at the same time, various drug-resistant bacteria have emerged in succession, which poses a serious threat to human health.
A mitochondria-targeted delivery system of doxorubicin and evodiamine for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Tan Xiaoyan , Zhou Yanlin , Shen Li , Jia Han , Tan Xiaorong
Published: November 2019

For mitochondria-targeted nano-drug delivery systems against cancer, effectively targeting and releasing the drug into mitochondria are the keys to improve the therapeutic effect.
Protein–lipid complexes: molecular structure, current scenarios and mechanisms of cytotoxicity
Authors: El-Fakharany Esmail M. , Redwan Elrashdy M.
Published: November 2019

Some natural proteins can be complexed with oleic acid (OA) to form an active protein–lipid formulation that can induce tumor-selective apoptosis.
Thermo and flex multi-functional array ionic sensor for a human adaptive device
Authors: Jang Sukjin , Choi Daehwan , Yang Suk , Kwon Jang-Yeon
Published: November 2019

A multi-functional and array sensor which is important to imitate the real human skin. The ionic thermoplastic polyurethane is deformable and changed electrical characteristics by temperature and pressure.
Unusual constituents from the medicinal mushroomGanoderma lingzhi
Authors: Zhao Zhen-Zhu , Liang Xu-Bo , Feng Wei-Sheng , Wu Ya , Zhi Yan-Le , Xue Gui-Min , Chen He-Ping , Liu Ji-Kai
Published: November 2019

Extensive studies have revealed that triterpenoids, meroterpenoids, and polysaccharides are the main constituents of the well-known traditional Chinese medicinal mushroomGanoderma.
A computational approach for the selection of optimal catalyst shape for solid-catalysed gas-phase reactions
Authors: G. M. Karthik , Buwa Vivek V.
Published: November 2019

The effect of particle shape on CO mass fraction distribution predicted using particle-resolved CFD simulations for methanol synthesis reactions.
Correction: the oxygen reduction reaction catalyzed by Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 flavodiiron proteins
Authors: Brown Katherine A. , Guo Zhanjun , Tokmina-Lukaszewska Monika , Scott Liam W. , Lubner Carolyn E. , Smolinski Sharon , Mulder David W. , Bothner Brian , King Paul W.
Published: November 2019

Correction for ‘The oxygen reduction reaction catalyzed by Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 flavodiiron proteins’ by Katherine A. Brown et al., Sustainable Energy Fuels, 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c9se00523d.
Polyphosphazene-based nanocarriers for the release of agrochemicals and potential anticancer drugs
Authors: Quiñones Javier Pérez , Iturmendi Aitziber , Henke Helena , Roschger Cornelia , Zierer Andreas , Brüggemann Oliver
Published: November 2019

The synthesised polyphosphazene-based nanocarriers allowed sustained diosgenin and brassinosteroid release over 4 days, with strong to moderate MCF-7 cytotoxicity and good agrochemical activity at medium and low concentrations.
Inverse system approach to design alpha‐stable noise driven random communication system
Authors: Savaci Ferit Acar , Ahmed Areeb
Published: November 2019

In the proposed random communication system (RCS), the alpha‐stable (α‐stable) noise as a random carrier drives the transmitter which is modelled by the linear dynamical system and the skewness parameter of the random carrier encodes the binary messages. By selecting the receiver as the inverse system of the transmitter, the output of the receiver is ensured to be α‐stable noise whose skewness parameters are then estimated to decode the binary messages. The response of a linear system to an α‐stable process is again α‐stable process, however, the skewness parameters of the response differs from that of the input which can only be recovered at the output of the inverse system. Hence, estimation of skewness parameter by an eavesdropper, without using the inverse system, will not reveal the true binary messages while the intended receiver truly decodes the binary messages. The proposed inverse system based RCS provides efficient performance which is shown by comparing the bit error rate of the intended receiver and an eavesdropper where the enhancement in covertness is shown by evaluating the covertness values of the proposed RCS.
Reweighted lp constraint LMS‐based adaptive sparse channel estimation for cooperative communication system
Authors: Zhang Aihua , Liu Pengcheng , Ning Bing , Zhou Qiyu
Published: November 2019

The issue of sparsity adaptive channel reconstruction in time‐varying cooperative communication networks through the amplify‐and‐forward transmission scheme is studied. A new sparsity adaptive system identification method is proposed, namely reweighted norm () penalised least mean square (LMS) algorithm. The main idea of the algorithm is to add a norm penalty of sparsity into the cost function of the LMS algorithm. By doing so, the weight factor becomes a balance parameter of the associated norm adaptive sparse system identification. Subsequently, the steady state of the coefficient misalignment vector is derived theoretically, with a performance upper bounds provided which serve as a sufficient condition for the LMS channel estimation of the precise reweighted norm. With the upper bounds, the authors prove that the () norm sparsity inducing cost function is superior to the reweighted norm. An optimal selection of p for the norm problem is studied to recover various d sparse channel vectors. Several experiments verify that the simulation results agree well with the theoretical analysis, and thus demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has a better convergence speed and better steady‐state behaviour than other LMS algorithms.
Partial packet in wireless networks: a review of error recovery approaches
Authors: Irianto Kurniawan D. , Nguyen Giang T. , Salah Hani , Fitzek Frank H.P.
Published: November 2019

Data transmission in wireless networks is vulnerable to errors, due to the nature of wireless characteristics. As a result, corrupted packets are a common case in wireless data transmissions. Many techniques have been proposed to tackle these issues and one of the recommended techniques is the partial packet recovery (PPR) scheme. There are various existing PPR methods that have been proposed in wireless networks over the past two decades. In addition, the recent works have shown the possibility of network coding along with its capabilities in recovering the partial packets. A review study of PPR approaches in wireless networks is presented in this study. The authors classify the approaches into several groups based on the soft information in the PHY layer. Furthermore, they describe the PPR techniques that have used in each of these groups. Their studies found that there are 24 protocols have been proposed using PPR to improve the performance in wireless networks.
Optimised PI‐4VPI current controller for three‐phase grid‐integrated photovoltaic inverter under grid voltage distortions
Authors: Patel Nirav , Kumar Ajay , Gupta Nitin , Ray Soumyadeep , Babu B. Chitti
Published: November 2019

This study aims to propose optimised and robust current controller for the transformerless grid‐integrated photovoltaic inverter. Challenge of ensuring improved power quality while minimising the DC‐component under non‐ideal grid condition is at the forefront in the photovoltaic system. In this context, an advanced current controller is designed and developed in the stationary reference frame with proportional‐integral (PI) plus four‐vector PI (4VPI) controllers. The PI‐controller modulates the shape of fundamental current to follow its reference induced from outer DC‐link loop. Meanwhile, 4VPI controllers are tuned at the multiple of grid frequencies including third‐(), fifth‐(), seventh‐(), and ninth‐() to introduce infinite gain and thereby alleviating stationary errors in the current loop of the photovoltaic inverter. The most distinguishing feature of the proposed controller is its inherent control robustness, and therefore, it operates satisfactorily against control delay time and frequency excursion. Traditionally, cumbersome trial‐and‐error techniques have been largely employed to adjust the PI‐VPI controller gains. Nonetheless, tuning of these parameters has made many practitioners switch‐off from employing the proposed controller. Given this, the particle swarm optimisation algorithm is proposed. Finally, the practicality of the proposed controller is verified through comprehensive set of simulation and experimental tests conducted on a laboratory‐developed prototype using dSPACE‐1104.
Short‐term wind power forecasting based on two‐stage attention mechanism
Authors: Li Pengbo , Wang Xiangwen , Yang Junjie
Published: November 2019

Wind power is usually closely related to the meteorological information around the wind farm, which leads to the fluctuation of wind power and makes it difficult to predict precisely. In this study, a wind power forecasting model based on long–short‐term memory network two‐stage attention mechanism is established. The attention mechanism is extensively employed to weigh the input feature and strengthen the trend characteristic of wind power. The intermittency and volatility feature of the wind are efficiently mitigated, and the prediction accuracy is improved significantly. Besides, quantile regression and kernel density estimation are combined with the proposed model to predict the wind power interval and the probability density. These two parameters are important information for ensuring security and stability while accessing to the electricity grid. The simulation results on the actual wind power dataset verify the higher prediction accuracy of the proposed model compared with other machine learning methods.
Research on smooth switching and islanding detection technology for ER system
Authors: Zheng Xuemei , Cui Tongfei , Jiang Yuchao , Cao Hannan
Published: November 2019

For the energy router (ER) switching on/off frequently to select the optimal route, this study mainly solves the problem of on/off‐grid switching and islanding detection of grid‐connected inverters on the AC side of ERs. A control strategy based on disturbance observer is proposed to suppress the disturbance of the output current to the output voltage. At the same time, the improved pre‐synchronisation method is used to achieve fast synchronisation of voltage amplitude and phase. Then, an improved frequency‐shift method is proposed for islanding and non‐detection zone detection for droop control grid‐connected inverters. Finally, the proposed methods are verified by simulation and experiments.
Improved virtual synchronous generator control to analyse and enhance the transient stability of microgrid
Authors: Cheema Khalid Mehmood , Mehmood Kashif
Published: November 2019

In recent years, the integration of renewable energy resources (RESs) into the power system is growing rapidly, and it is necessary to analyse and evaluate the effect of RES on transient stability of the power system. In this study, centre of inertia (COI) concept is implemented to analyse and evaluate the integration effects of an auxiliary damping control‐based virtual synchronous generator (VSG) consisting an improved governor. The impact of VSG integration is divided into synchronous generator (SG) linked parts and COI associated parts. Due to VSG integration into the power system, the significant elements which disturb the COI dynamic motion and rotor dynamics of SG are examined in detail. Different cases are considered to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, i.e. VSG's different integrating location and different power capacities. It is observed in simulation results that COI dynamic motion and rotor dynamics of SG are positively affected by VSG integration, and transient stability improves significantly.
Study on capillary water absorption properties of polypropylene fibre coal gangue ceramsite concrete under freeze‐thaw damage
Authors: Qiu Jisheng , Guo Peng , Xing Min , Guan Xiao , Xiong Guanghong
Published: November 2019

In order to probe the effects of freeze‐thaw damage and polypropylene (PP) fibres on the capillary water absorption of coal gangue ceramsite concrete (CGCC), the freeze‐thaw cycle test and capillary water absorption test were carried out to study the effect of PP fibres content on the unit cumulative water absorption and water absorption rate of CGCC under freeze‐thaw damage, establishing a model of initial capillary water absorption rate of PP fibre coal gangue concrete considering freeze‐thaw damage. The results showed that, when freeze‐thaw cycles were constant, the larger the PP fibres content was, the larger was the unit cumulative water absorption of CGCC. As the freeze‐thaw cycles increased, the initial capillary water absorption rate of both PP fibre CGCC and CGCC showed a power function growth trend. In this study, the initial capillary water absorption rate prediction model was obtained through regression analysis, and the test results were in good agreement with the model prediction results.
Wi‐Fi sensing: applications and challenges
Authors: Khalili Abdullah , Soliman Abdel‐Hamid , Asaduzzaman Md , Griffiths Alison
Published: November 2019

Wi‐Fi technology has strong potentials in indoor and outdoor sensing applications; it has several important features which makes it an appealing option compared to other sensing technologies. This study presents a survey on different applications of Wi‐Fi‐based sensing systems such as elderly people monitoring, activity classification, gesture recognition, people counting, through the wall sensing, behind the corner sensing, and many other applications. The challenges and interesting future directions are also highlighted.
Dependence of photocatalytic performance on interfacial reaction in carbon dots/mesoporous hydroxyapatite nanocomposites
Authors: Xu Wei , Yang Shanshan , Li Kaikai , Yang Jinlong , Trinchi Adrian , Chang Qing , Hu Shengliang
Published: November 2019

Carbon dots (CDs) with N‐ and Cl‐contained groups supported mesoporous hydroxyapatite (mHA) composites were prepared, respectively. The effect of the interfacial reaction between CDs and mHA on the photocatalytic activity was investigated. It was found that the composites exhibited different compositions and absorption properties owing to the interfacial reaction. As a consequence, while CDs with Cl‐contained groups (Cl‐CDs) showed the highest activity, mHA/Cl‐CDs composite exhibited the lowest activity. Conversely, the composite of mHA and CDs with N‐contained groups using ammonia as source (N‐CDs‐1) had the highest activity, although the activity of N‐CDs‐1 was lower that of Cl‐CDs. It can be concluded that the interfacial reaction played an essential role in governing the activity of the composites. The findings were valuable in constructing CDs‐based composites with excellent photocatalytic performance.
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using upland cress: purification, characterisation, and antimicrobial activity
Authors: Johnson David L. , Wang Yale , Stealey Samuel T. , Alexander Anne K. , Kaltchev Matey G. , Chen Junhong , Zhang Wujie
Published: November 2019

Silver nanoparticles have traditionally been synthesised using physical and chemical methods, often requiring expensive equipment and reagents that pose risks to the environment. This work provides a green method for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using leaf extracts from upland cress: Barbarea verna. Natural reducing agents within the leaf extracts of upland cress reduce silver ions from silver nitrates, resulting in the formation of silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles were purified using centrifugation and extraction using Triton X‐114. The resulting nanoparticles were characterised using UV–Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Silver nanoparticles were shown to have a diameter of 30–40 nm with a characteristic UV–Vis absorption peak at 420 nm. Antimicrobial properties of the synthesised silver nanoparticles were also confirmed using S. epidermis and E. coli bacteria.
Physical conditions in the gas phases of the giant H II region LMC-N 11
Authors: Lebouteiller V. , Cormier D. , Madden S. C. , Galametz M. , Hony S. , Galliano F. , Chevance M. , Lee M.-Y. , Braine J. , Polles F. L. , Requeña-Torres M. A. , Indebetouw R. , Hughes A. , Abel N.
Published: November 2019

Context. The ambiguous origin of the [C II] 158μm line in the interstellar medium complicates its use for diagnostics concerning the star-formation rate and physical conditions in photodissociation regions.

Aims. We investigate the origin of [C II] in order to measure the total molecular gas content, the fraction of CO-dark H2 gas, and how these parameters are impacted by environmental effects such as stellar feedback.

Methods. We observed the giant H II region N 11 in the Large Magellanic Cloud with SOFIA/GREAT. The [C II] line is resolved in velocity and compared to H I and CO, using a Bayesian approach to decompose the line profiles. A simple model accounting for collisions in the neutral atomic and molecular gas was used in order to derive the H2 column density traced by C+.

Results. The profile of [C II] most closely resembles that of CO, but the integrated [C II] line width lies between that of CO and that of H I. Using various methods, we find that [C II] mostly originates from the neutral gas. We show that [C II] mostly traces the CO-dark H2 gas but there is evidence of a weak contribution from neutral atomic gas preferentially in the faintest components (as opposed to components with low [C II]/CO or low CO column density). Most of the molecular gas is CO-dark. The CO-dark H2 gas, whose density is typically a few 100s cm−3 and thermal pressure in the range 103.5−5 K cm−3, is not always in pressure equilibrium with the neutral atomic gas. The fraction of CO-dark H2 gas decreases with increasing CO column density, with a slope that seems to depend on the impinging radiation field from nearby massive stars. Finally we extend previous measurements of the photoelectric-effect heating efficiency, which we find is constant across regions probed with Herschel, with [C II] and [O I] being the main coolants in faint and diffuse, and bright and compact regions, respectively, and with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission tracing the CO-dark H2 gas heating where [C II] and [O I] emit.

Conclusions. We present an innovative spectral decomposition method that allows statistical trends to be derived for the molecular gas content using CO, [C II], and H I profiles. Our study highlights the importance of velocity-resolved photodissociation region (PDR) diagnostics and higher spatial resolution for H I observations as future steps.
Study of the Assembly Manufacturing Automated Traceability System Identification Tools
Authors: Nosenko Vladimir , Silaev Aleksei , Efremkin Stepan , Grednikov Sergei
Published: November 2019

This paper considered questions of quality control of production at assembly manufacturing using an automated traceability and identification system. The main possibilities of these systems are: control of the movement of materials, components and products within the production; construction the technological route and control over the accuracy of its compliance; identification all operations with a binding to the operators. Also authors are carried out the review of problems that can be solved by these systems. As one of the methods of identification of materials, components and products, the technology of using RFID-tags are considered. The main characteristics of RFID tags have analyzed (frequency of work, design, power supply). Advantages and disadvantages of this technology are revealed. For example, advantages are high protection at hard operating conditions, rewritable tags and the disadvantages are limited using the tags at high temperatures, occurrence the effect of collision. Authors made conclusions that investigated RFID-tags can be used for assembly manufacturing.
Determining the processing modes of the low carbon steel by high-precision plasma cutting based on dimensionless complexes
Authors: Loktionov Aleksandr , Gaar Nadezhda , Rakhimyanov and Аndrey
Published: November 2019

The results of the investigations on determining the processing modes during high-precision plasma cutting of low carbon steel based on the values of Peclet number and dimensionless power which provide the minimal value of deviation of the cut sides from perpendicularity are presented in the paper. The conditions of obtaining the cut of high quality from the viewpoint of minimizing the cut side deviation from perpendicularity are determined by cutting low carbon steel. The dependences of the cutting speed and the cut width on the processed material thickness, intended to determine the processing modes and adjustment of the linear dimensions are established. The investigations were made on the device of the thermal cutting “Termit PPl” based on the installation of the high-precision plasma cutting HiFocus 130i of Kjellberg firm by using the HiFocusplus technology. Low carbon construction steel St3 was chosen as an investigated material. The thickness of the sheet material constituted 4 mm, 6 mm, 10 mm, 16 mm and 20 mm.
Investigation of the Dynamic Characteristics of the Manipulator of the Industrial Robot Technology
Authors: Butenko Victor , Davidova Irina , Pastukhov Philipp , Bagdasaryan Tatyana
Published: November 2019

The article describes the results of the study of dynamic characteristics of the manipulator of technological industrial robot. In addition, formulas for determining the forces of the control action on the links of the manipulator when performing specific technological methods of finishing the surfaces of the part are obtained. The influence of control forces on the functioning and technical capabilities of the manipulator of technological industrial robot is revealed. Standard layout schemes of manipulators of technological industrial robots were developed, and the analysis of their dynamic characteristics with the determination of the control action forces is carried out. This made it possible to develop and create a specific design of the robot for finishing turning and diamond smoothing of shaft surfaces in the structure of the automatic line.
Development of the instrumentation system for gas-and-diesel fuelled BelAZ dump truck
Authors: Azikhanov Sergey , Bogomolov Aleksandr , Dubov Georgiy , Nokhrin Sergey
Published: November 2019

The prospects for the use of natural gas as a motor fuel are considered. The state-run program for the development of natural-gas-fuelled vehicles will entail an increase in the share of transport operating on natural gas. The data on the thermal performance of natural gas from various fields, the volumetric heat values of the stoichiometric mixture of which is almost the same, are given. The analysis of the operation of gas-diesel-fuelled BelAZ dump truck, which burns liquefied natural gas, is conducted. The schematic diagram for engine power supply with liquefied natural gas is given. The calculation of the liquefied natural gas supply system with the replacement of diesel fuel by 33% was made. As a result of the calculation, the diameter of a fuel manifold after injectors, which provides the recommended gas velocity through a manifold, was determined. The instrumentation system for controlling the amount of supplied natural gas is proposed. The complex allows obtaining data on the instantaneous gas flow rate and the total flow rate over a period of time. A pulsation damper used as part of the system allowed reducing gas pulsation in fuel manifolds after injectors, to create conditions for the use of orifice plate flow meters, and ensured the uniform supply of natural gas to both banks of cylinders, which favourably affected the engine.
The Step Feed Mechanisms For Auger Machines
Authors: Mametyev Leonid , Lyubimov Oleg , Drozdenko Yuri
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the results of studies of technical solutions proposed in Kuzbass State Technical University and implemented in auger drilling equipment, characterized by the presence of a cyclic feed of a boring machine on the face and the corresponding reverse of the work by hydraulic jacks. Operation of complexes, which design feature is to provide a common plane for the axis of the boring hole and vectors of axial forces of the auger feeding mechanisms, was researched. The stress state of the cyclic step-feeding mechanism’s functional elements by mathematical and software means of the finite element analysis is considered. The threshold values of the feed forces are determined from the point of view of ensuring the safety margin of welded joints used in the cyclic step-feeding mechanism’s structure, and from the point of operational reliability of the system as a whole. The obtained data allowed making recommendations for further improvement for the subsystem of the auger’s cyclic step-feeding mechanism.
Estimates of Metal Deformability
Authors: Zharmukhambetova Albina , Barannikova Svetlana
Published: November 2019

This paper is devoted to the study of the laws of the deformation behavior of metals, determined by carrying out standardized uniaxial tensile tests. The distribution of various strength grade metals by strain resistance was analyzed. It was taken into account that in the thermodynamic aspect the deformation process is a dissipative effect. In that regard, the magnitude of deformation work, determined by the area of the tension diagram, serves as a basis for assessing the deformability criteria of metals. It was found, that the normalized specific work of deformation linearly increases with strength. As well as it was established that localization of plastic flow is related directly to the characteristics of the tension diagram under solid deformation. In the applied aspect, the numerical values of the compliance criterion can be used to predict the materials behavior of different strength grade during mechanical processing (metal forming and cutting) or operation.
Expanding Technological Capabilities of The Combined Hardening of Steel by Deformation
Authors: Kirichek Andrei , Fedonin Oleg , Solovyov Dmitry , Fedonina Svetlana
Published: November 2019

The technology of wave deformation hardening of metal machine parts is described, which allows obtaining a hardened surface layer up to 10 mm deep. The article presents the results of studying the microstructure and hardness of the samples strengthened as a result of chemical heat treatment and combined hardening consisting of preliminary wave deformation hardening and subsequent chemical heat treatment of structural alloyed steel 15CrС2Ni2Mg. It is established that a preliminary impact on the cemented material by a deformation wave contributes to creating uniformly high packing density of martensite, as well as smaller sizes of martensite needles in the subsurface layer and at the border of the cemented layer, in the core of the sample and contributes to the absence of large-needle martensite. Applying this technology allows forming a high uniform hardness at 65 HRC at a depth of 1.5 mm, with its gradual reduction to the core of the sample, while maintaining a high level of toughness. The results obtained allow recommending wave deformation hardening and the combined technology based on it to improve the performance properties of variable machine parts that operate under the conditions of sliding friction and impact loads.
Scientific and Technical Translation Training of Non-Linguistic University Students in E-Learning Environment
Authors: Gubanova Inna , Shirokolobova Anastasia
Published: November 2019

Contemporary concepts and methods of teaching students scientific and technical translation in an electronic learning environment (Moodle) is highly relevant. The methods of scientific and technical translation teaching in the electronic environment, presented in this article, allow to organize and individualize learning activities of students, in accordance with fields of their future professional activity. They also help form and develop students self-education skills, which are especially important when the classroom work is reduced and the amount of students’ independent work increases. Professionally oriented teaching of scientific and technical translation in an electronic environment is a modular integrated approach, which includes teaching how to work with the terminology of their future professional activity. This approach improves skills of scientific articles reading and writing, drawing up reports and presentations in a foreign language, teaches independent research skills in the framework of a future professional activity. The method of scientific and technical translation teaching in an electronic environment is based on a combination of cognitive, interactive and communicative teaching methods. The training purpose is the development of a future professional personality ready for professional activity, possessing necessary communication skills in his native and foreign language, capable to self-development and self-learning.
Managing Organizational Open Innovation Capability in a Knowledge-Intensive Business Environment
Authors: Lazarenko Yuliia , Garafonova Olga , Marhasova Vyktoriia , Tkalenko Nataliia , Grigashkina Svetlana
Published: November 2019

The paper is aimed to develop a theoretical framework for investigating the main determinants of an organizational open innovation capability and provide a conceptual basis for identifying the core areas which are of importance for effectively managing the implementation of open innovation practices within business organizations. Based on a literature review of research on managerial practices for open innovation collaboration, a definition of a company’s open innovation capability is proposed which places special emphasis on the interrelationship among the strategic components of a business organization’s environment and its dynamic knowledge management capacities. As a result of the study, the integrated model of the organizational open innovation capability is presented that can be used for defining strategic priorities and managerial guidelines for achieving open innovation success. From a practical perspective, companies can apply the proposed conceptual model to review and adjust their organizational open innovation capability on a continuous basis in order to improve innovation performance in the challenging knowledge-intensive business environment.
Formation of effective mechanism of pairwise interaction of regional innovation subsystem subjects in the conditions of spatial transformation
Authors: Petrukhina Natalya
Published: November 2019

The article presents the results of research on topical issues of the formation of an effective mechanism of pairwise interaction of the primary participants in the regional innovation subset: that is state, business, universities. A methodical approach to the formation of both componential composition of the regional infrastructure and information-communication platform is proposed. One of the problems is marked by a significant differentiation of socio-economic development of the country’s regions. The negative consequence of the uneven regions’ development is the low efficiency and effectiveness of scientific and educational institutions and congested researchers in regions so it results in preventing practical research outcomes application and development. To eliminate the disproportions an effective mechanism of pairwise interaction of the regional innovation subsystem subjects is proposed. Interaction takes place on the basis of objective resource flows, the number of which is determined in the process of functional matrix building that allows to determine the list of these flows: legal, information and consulting, sales, personnel, material and financial. The conclusion contains a proposal to create an information and consulting platform, as well as to bring into being all the tools of organizational and economic impact for improving the level of infrastructure components development.
The Influence of Tthe Grinding Grains Shape and Orientation on Performance of Coated Abrasive Tools
Authors: Shatko Dmitry , Lyukshin Vladimir , Strelnikov Pavel
Published: November 2019

The issues of the influence of the orientation and shape of grinding grains of coated abrasive tools on their basic performance characteristics are considered in the article. The advantages of machining with flexible grinding tools are listed. The features of the abrasive grains contained in tools on a flexible basis are presented. The low efficiency of using standard tools is justified. A method is described for increasing the efficiency of the grinding process with tools on a flexible basis due to an integrated approach to the design of new tool designs. It is proposed to use abrasive grains of a given shape and oriented in a certain way relative to the surface of the tool base. The main stages of work related to the development of new tool designs and studies of their operational characteristics are presented. Experimental data of the dependencies of cutting capability, wear, temperature in the cutting zone, power spent on cutting, and the cut surface quality on the shape and the orientation angle of grinding grains are presented. Practical recommendations for the application of tools containing in their structure certain varieties of grinding grains are proposed.
Pediatric Mesenteric Vasculature: Noninvasive Imaging and Catheter Arteriography
Authors: Braswell Leah
Published: November 2019

The imaging of the mesenteric vasculature of infants and children can be effectively accomplished using a variety of noninvasive and invasive techniques. As with adult imaging, the choice of modality will depend on the specific clinical scenario. Unique considerations and challenges are related to pediatric body size, pathology, the patient's developmental ability to tolerate the exam, and practical radiation concerns. Pediatric angiography can provide both diagnostic information and a pathway to definitive treatment of vascular abnormalities. Utilizing the right modality in the appropriate situation allows for accurate and timely diagnosis so that treatment is most effective.
Thermally modified C-band acceleration unit for a high-repetition normal-conducting linac for free-electron lasers
Authors: Otake Yuji , Kondo Chikara , Sakurai Tatsuyuki , Inagaki Takahiro
Published: November 2019

A high-repetition linear accelerator with multibeamline operation for X-rays allows users to perform multiple simultaneous experiments with an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) at lower actual cost per user while maintaining the availability of the laser. As the first step toward a higher pulse repetition rate (PRR), we developed radio frequency (RF) components at 5712 MHz and tested them for their feasibility at an RF PRR of 120 pulses per second (pps). To increase the RF PRR from the present value of 60 pps—at the SPring-8 Angstrom compact free-electron laser—to 120 pps, we re-examined the thermal designs of the present RF components for the XFEL. With the proposed design, the newly developed RF components worked well at 120 pps. The insulation-oil temperature in the high-voltage tank of the klystron modulator was below 70 °C, which is less than the operational temperature limit. At 5712 MHz, this is now the highest RF pulse repetition frequency yet to be achieved and represents a major step toward higher PRRs.
Electron drift velocity in wurtzite ZnO at high electric fields: Experiment and simulation
Authors: Ardaravičius L. , Kiprijanovič O. , Ramonas M. , Šermukšnis E. , Liberis J. , Šimukovič A. , Matulionis A. , Ullah Md. B. , Ding K. , Avrutin V. , Özgür Ü. , Morkoç H.
Published: November 2019

The hot-electron effect on electron transport in nominally undoped ZnO epilayers is studied at electric fields up to 430±50 kV/cm applied with 3 ns voltage pulses. The transient measurements do not demonstrate any change in the electron density at the fields up to 320 kV/cm. The deviation from Ohm’s law can be approximated by the linear dependence of the current on the electric field valid at the moderate fields (from 50 to 250 kV/cm). The model calculations based on the Boltzmann kinetic equation are used to demonstrate that the differential mobility at the moderate fields is almost independent of the scattering on the charged point defects. The electron drift velocity is estimated from the experimental values on the differential conductivity and the current density together with the calculated differential mobility as a reference for calibration. The drift velocity reaches 2.7±0.3×107 cm/s at the field of ∼320 kV/cm and approaches the theoretical limit predicted by the known Monte Carlo simulations.
Generating dual-polarized orbital angular momentum radio beams with dual-bowtie cell
Authors: Fu Weijie , Wang Haogang , Zhang Xianmin
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we propose a reflectarray metasurface to generate two modes of orbital angular momentum (OAM) in two orthogonal directions of polarization. The metasurface comprises dual-bowtie elements of various sizes. By varying the size of the geometry, the element can simultaneously alter the phases of reflection of both polarizations. In the design, equivalent circuit models of the unit cell in both the orthogonal direction and the direction of excitation are built and discussed. These models are used to explain the results of the simulation and can help accelerate the optimization process when designing other reflective metasurfaces. Both the first- and second-order metasurface reflectarrays were simulated and measured at 10 GHz, and the results confirmed that different OAM modes can be generated in two orthogonal directions of polarization. Compared with the prevalent design, the proposed one is more compact as it has only one layer and does not require active components. We also simulated and measured the first-order metasurface reflectarray at multiple frequencies, and the results from 9.2 to 10.5 GHz show that it can generate the two polarized OAMs independently in broadband.
Molecular dynamics simulation of dielectric barrier discharge–photocatalyst synergistic treatment of volatile organic compounds
Authors: Wang Yihan , Zhao Tong , Zhang Li , Zou Liang , Zhang Yuantao
Published: November 2019

Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is an effective method for treating volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the presence of a photocatalyst, photocatalytic technology can be used to generate a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Numerous experiments have demonstrated that DBD–photocatalyst synergism is superior to the use of either approach individually. In this study, the degradation mechanism of VOCs under the DBD–photocatalyst system was investigated via the ReaxFF reaction molecular dynamics method. Acetaldehyde, toluene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, cresol, and phenol were selected as representative VOCs and · O, · OH, HO2, and H2O2 were chosen as representative ROS to construct the DBD and DBD–photocatalyst reaction systems. A concentration control group and a component control group were established. Comparison of the various ROS revealed that · O and · OH possess higher activities and are more conducive to cracking VOC molecules. Among the various VOCs, the reaction rate was faster for highly reductive reactants. The carbon conversion rate was only dependent on the molecular complexity and was higher for simpler structures. To simulate the DBD–photocatalyst synergistic conditions, we established concentration control simulation systems. When · OH is used as the ROS, a large number of oxidative adsorption and hydrogen abstraction processes can occur. Increasing the · OH concentration promotes the VOC removal reactions to afford complete cracking of the VOCs into the small-molecule product CO2.
Thermal rectification optimization in nanoporous Si using Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Chakraborty Dhritiman , Brooke Joshua , Hulse Nicholas C S , Neophytou Neophytos
Published: November 2019

We investigate thermal rectification in nanoporous silicon using a semiclassical Monte Carlo simulation method. We consider geometrically asymmetric nanoporous structures and investigate the combined effects of porosity, interpore distance, and pore position relative to the device boundaries. Two basis geometries are considered, one in which the pores are arranged in rectangular arrays and ones in which they form triangular arrangements. We show that systems (i) with denser, compressed pore arrangements (i.e., with smaller interpore distances), (ii) with the pores positioned closer to the device edge/contact, and (iii) with the pores in a triangular arrangement can achieve rectification of over 55%. Introducing smaller pores into existing porous geometries in a hierarchical fashion increases rectification even further to over 60%. Importantly, for the structures we simulate, we show that sharp rectifying junctions, separating regions of long from short phonon mean-free-paths, are more beneficial for rectification than spreading the asymmetry throughout the material along the heat direction in a graded fashion.
Similarities between the structure functions of thermal convection and hydrodynamic turbulence
Authors: Bhattacharya Shashwat , Sadhukhan Shubhadeep , Guha Anirban , Verma Mahendra K.
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we analyze the scaling of velocity structure functions of turbulent thermal convection. Using high-resolution numerical simulations, we show that the structure functions scale similar to those of hydrodynamic turbulence, with the scaling exponents in agreement with the predictions of She and Leveque [“Universal scaling laws in fully developed turbulence,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 336–339 (1994)]. The probability distribution functions of velocity increments are non-Gaussian with wide tails in the dissipative scales and become close to Gaussian in the inertial range. The tails of the probability distribution follow a stretched exponential. We also show that in thermal convection, the energy flux in the inertial range is less than the viscous dissipation rate. This is unlike in hydrodynamic turbulence where the energy flux and the dissipation rate are equal.