bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complete versus incomplete caries removal procedures and their effects on dental pulp in primary teeth – An in vivo study
Authors: Vaghasiya Jigna , Mittal Swati , Choudhari Shantanu R , Rishitha N.
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

Dental caries results from an ecologic shift within the dental biofilm from a balanced population of microorganisms to an acidogenic, aciduric, and cariogenic microbiological population developed and maintained by frequent consumption of fermentable dietary carbohydrates. Total caries removal (TCR) of deep lesion may result in pulpal exposure requiring more invasive treatment. Hence, current pediatric dentistry has shifted to minimally invasive treatment that avoids more complex, time-consuming procedure, and the child’s discomfort.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare clinical performance and radiographic changes after complete and incomplete caries removal procedures.

Materials and Methods:

The study was conducted on 60 primary molars in children aged 6–9 years. Selected 60 primary molars were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 (PCR): infected dentin was removed, while the affected dentin was maintained on the pulpal wall. Group 2 (TCR): both infected and affected dentin were removed through low-speed carbide bur and hand excavator. Teeth were evaluated at 4 and 6 months clinically and radiographically.

Results:

The proportion was compared using Fisher’s exact test. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 was used for analysis. The level of significance was kept at 5%.

Conclusion:

The clinical and radiographic success rates of ICR and CCR in primary teeth with deep carious lesions were high and did not differ significantly, indicating that the retention of carious dentin does not interfere with pulp vitality. Thus, ICR is a reliable minimally invasive approach that might replace the CCR in primary teeth when correctly indicated.
Internet gaming disorder: The prevalence and associated gaming behavior, anxiety, and depression among 8–12-year-old children of private schools in Salem city, India
Authors: Rajan Reshma Elizabeth , Gunasekaran Sowndarya , Duraisamy Vinola , Mathew Basil M , Vinolia T Mercy , Gainneos Pradeep Daniel
Published: July 2024

Background:

The escalating concern over Internet gaming disorder (IGD) among children underscores the urgency of comprehending its determinants and links to mental health, particularly for interventions targeting school-aged children.

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of IGD and its association with depression, anxiety, and behavior among 8–12-year-old children attending private schools in Salem city.

Settings and Design:

A cross-sectional study involving 780 children aged 8–12 years from Salem district was conducted. Schools were randomly sampled, and data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire.

Materials and Methods:

Data were gathered from children without genetic, systemic, or mental disorders and brain trauma. The questionnaire, adapted from Alhamoud M A et al. (2022), encompassed sections on sociodemographic characteristics, gaming behavior, and scales for assessing IGD, depression, and anxiety. Administration occurred during school hours with a 30–35 min completion time.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data analysis utilized SPSS v23.0, including descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Chi-square tests for intergroup comparisons, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient to determine associations.

Results:

The prevalence of IGD in Salem district was 1.2%, with higher rates of anxiety and depression observed among older children, particularly males.

Conclusions:

A positive correlation was evident between IGD, anxiety, and depression. Urgent preventive measures have to be warranted to curb the rising trend of IGD, such as limiting screen time and promoting outdoor activities to enhance children’s overall health.
Effect of Kegel Exercise and Prone Position on After Pain Among Postpartum Mothers
Authors: Dhanuja V , KalaBarathi S , Jagadeeswari J
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Afterpain is a common discomfort felt by most of the postpartum mothers which is occurred due to delayed involution. Kegel exercise and prone position enhance the involution.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of Kegel exercise and prone position on afterpain among postpartum mothers.

Material and Methods:

A Quasi-experimental pretest post-test with control group research design was used. Using nonprobability purposive sampling technique recruited 60 postpartum mothers who met the criteria. The level of afterpain was assessed by using visual analog scale. Experimental group was educated to do Kegel exercise for 3 days and lie in prone position for 3–5 minutes, 3 times for 3 days. Control group follows routine postnatal care posttest was conducted.

Results:

The study results concluded that the afterpain mean difference was 0.53, 1.70, 1.80, and 4.03. The calculated paired t-test value of t = 5.757 between pretest and post-test 1, t = 12.420 between post-test 1 and post-test 2, t = 12.953 between post-test 2 and post-test 3, and t = 21.378 between pretest and post-test 3 was found to be statistically significant at P < 0.001 level.

Conclusion:

Therefore, Kegel exercise and prone position was effective in reducing afterpain during postpartum period.
Assessing Exercise Habits of Cardiovascular Risks in Middle-Aged Adults: A Descriptive Study
Authors: KalaBarathi S , Akshaya D , Kavitha M , Jagadeeswari J
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Cardiovascular problems are the leading cause of death among adults in our country. These illnesses primarily affect metropolitan populations, particularly in major cities. To prevent these diseases, efforts have focused on identifying and controlling cardiovascular risk factors such sedentary lifestyle.

Aim:

The study aimed to assess the exercise habits of cardiovascular risks middle-aged adults.

Materials and Methods:

The research approach used in this study was quantitative approach with descriptive design. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the samples. Totally 60 cardiovascular patients were recruited from Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Thandalam, Chennai. Data were gathered by using structured questionnaires and risk score calculator. Collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:

The above Table 1 shows that 59 (98.33%) had moderate level of physical activity and 1 (1.67%) had high level of physical activity among middle-aged adults. The mean and standard deviation of physical activity among middle-aged adults was 62.26 ± 5.92. The median was 62.0 with minimum score of 38.0 and maximum score of 73.0. The demographic variable age (χ 2 = 6.610, P = 0.037) had statistically significant association with level of physical activity among middle-aged adults at P < 0.05 level and the other demographic variables had not shown statistically significant association with level of physical activity among middle-aged adults.

Conclusion:

Physical activity promotion and support should be a global priority because of the health benefits it provides for adults.
Reviewing imaging discoveries in tuberculosis affecting extraspinal osteoarticular regions
Authors: Garg Anuj , Singh Anil Kumar , Ranjan Rahul Sidheshwar , Yadav Ashok , Rajput Ramesh Chandra , Kumar Shashikant
Published: June 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, affecting both pulmonary and extrapulmonary systems. While musculoskeletal TB represents a small portion of cases (1%–3%), it remains particularly problematic in developing regions like Asia and Africa. Tuberculous spondylitis, affecting the vertebral column, comprises about half of all musculoskeletal TB cases. Although large joint involvement and para-articular regions are common, isolated soft tissue TB is rare. The introduction of advanced imaging techniques, with magnetic resonance imaging as the preferred method, has revolutionized the diagnosis of musculoskeletal TB. Early detection of bone and joint TB is vital for optimizing treatment outcomes and reducing the risk of complications, including deformities. This review article consolidates clinical and radiological insights into extraspinal osteoarticular TB, stressing the importance of heightened awareness among radiologists and clinicians. It underscores the role of advanced imaging in ensuring accurate diagnoses, particularly in regions with high TB prevalence, and in initiating timely and effective patient management to prevent complications.
Functional outcome of the three-stitch technique of humerus nailing for comminuted shaft humerus fractures
Authors: Kale Sachin , Patil Bhushan , Khatod Garvit , Bhor Pramod , Sandhu Gursimran , Jyoti Venkatsh , Baruah Rohan , Kale Sachiti , Ghodke Rahul , Dey Joydeep
Published: June 2024

Background:

Intramedullary nailing for comminuted shaft humerus fractures has emerged as an innovative and advantageous surgical approach, particularly in cases with significant soft tissue injuries complicating open reduction and internal fixation. This study underscores the benefits of minimally invasive intramedullary humerus nailing to mitigate perioperative and postoperative complications.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective study was conducted at Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, from March 2022 to March 2024. Informed consent was obtained from all patients, detailing the study’s methodologies and potential complications. Employing a three-stitch technique, we treated 24 adult patients with posttraumatic comminuted humerus shaft fractures through antegrade humerus nailing, encompassing injuries classified up to type 12C according to the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Orthopedic Trauma Association classification.

Results:

Among the 24 patients, 22 exhibited excellent functional outcomes and good adherence to the rehabilitation regimen. Two patients encountered delayed wound healing; one underwent vacuum-assisted closure therapy, ultimately achieving satisfactory healing after a series of dry dressings over 2–3 weeks. There were no instances of nonunion. Over 6 months, 22 out of 24 patients experienced significant restoration of function, evidenced by an improvement in Mayo Elbow Performance Index scores from 18 to 23 within the excellent outcome group. University of California at Los Angeles scores also exhibited enhancement, with ratings ranging from exceptional to good, increasing from 20 to 23. Only two patients experienced delayed wound healing, and none suffered from nonunions.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that the three-stitch technique presents a viable alternative to external fixators and other plate osteosynthesis methods in the surgical management of comminuted injuries. This approach yields favorable outcomes with reduced complications and improved cosmetic results.
A study comparing the effectiveness of ondansetron versus ondansetron combined with dexamethasone for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in laparoscopic surgeries
Authors: Pandya Rajan B. , Sathe Deepika , Joshi Ankita , Sathe Vishwas
Published: June 2024

Background:

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) frequently occur as a side effect of general anesthesia, which can be intensified by the introduction of gas into the peritoneal cavity to create pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic surgeries.

Aims and Objectives:

This study examines the comparative effectiveness of ondansetron as a standalone treatment versus its combination with dexamethasone in preventing PONV during laparoscopic surgeries. The research aims to assess the efficacy and duration of anti-nausea and anti-vomiting effects provided by ondansetron alone and in combination with dexamethasone.

Materials and Methods:

The Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) approved the trial materials and methods following thorough deliberation. Before surgery, written informed consent was obtained from all patients. Sixty patients were recruited for the study and randomly allocated into groups, denoted as Group O and Group D, each consisting of 30 patients. Group O received intravenous administration of 4 mg of ondansetron, while Group D received a combination of 4 mg of ondansetron and 4 mg of dexamethasone intravenously 30 min before extubation.

Duration of Study:

The research was conducted at MGM Medical College and Hospital, located in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, from May 2016 to May 2017.

Results:

In this study, mild and moderate nausea were more prevalent in Group O at the 4-h mark, but there was no notable difference at 24 h. Mild and moderate retching showed no significant variance at 4 h, but Group O exhibited significantly more at 24 h. Mild, moderate, and severe vomiting were inconsequential in both groups at 4 h, but Group O showed a higher incidence of mild and moderate vomiting at 24 h. Instances of severe vomiting were absent in both groups. The need for rescue antiemetics after 24 h and medication-related side effects did not show significant differences between the two groups.

Conclusion:

The incidence of PONV was reduced in the combination group (ondansetron + dexamethasone) compared to ondansetron alone. Consequently, the combination group had a lower requirement for rescue antiemetics. Thus, the effectiveness of combination therapy surpassed that of ondansetron alone.
Educating patients about health helps slow the progression of chronic kidney disease in the eastern region of India
Authors: Dasgupta Supriya , Debnath Reeti
Published: June 2024

Background:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a well-documented burden, necessitating patient awareness of the importance of healthy lifestyle modifications to mitigate co-morbidities and mortality risks.

Objective:

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of education-based conservative management in mitigating disease progression among CKD patients in the eastern region of India.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 248 CKD patients receiving outpatient department and inpatient department care at the nephrology and dialysis department of Belle Vue Clinic, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, were included in the study. Comprehensive data encompassing demographic details, socioeconomic status, clinical co-morbidities, and conservative management interventions via patient education were examined. The study compared the rise in creatinine levels with adherence to five key factors: dietary restrictions, medication compliance, follow-up appointments with physicians, management of co-morbidities, and adherence to lifestyle modifications. Each strategy was graded on a scale of 0, 1, or 2 based on compliance, with 0 indicating minimal or no compliance, 1 indicating moderate compliance, and 2 indicating strong compliance.

Results:

In this study, several factors were linked to elevated creatinine levels among CKD patients, including being in the middle-age range, male gender, living predominantly in urban areas, and working in business or service occupations. Additionally, a higher prevalence of co-existing conditions such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension was noted among CKD patients, along with documented instances of polycystic kidney disease, obstructive uropathy, and renal cell carcinoma. After educating CKD patients, those who scored 8–10 on compliance exhibited a decrease in creatinine elevation (0.35 mg/dL) among 120 cases from January 2022 to June 2023. Conversely, those with scores ranging from 5 to 7 (81 cases) showed moderate creatinine elevation (1.24 mg/dL), while those with scores of 0–4 (47 cases) demonstrated higher levels of creatinine elevation (5.48 mg/dL).

Conclusion:

This study concludes that the conservative management of CKD patients educates individuals about primary prevention of the disorder and provides a comprehensive understanding of secondary and tertiary prevention strategies. This cost-effective approach significantly impacts physical, mental, social, and psychological adjustment behaviors.
Impact of a nurse-led intervention in understanding menstrual health management among adolescent girls attending specific schools in Navi Mumbai, India
Authors: Naik Priya , Revankar Smeeta , Jadhav Vaishali Santosh
Published: June 2024

Background:

Premenstrual symptoms are prevalent among menstruating individuals, affecting around 75% of those who report some level of discomfort during their cycles. However, approximately 10% of women endure premenstrual syndrome (PMS), marked by symptoms that significantly disrupt daily functioning. PMS remains poorly comprehended and difficult to diagnose. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of an intervention and analyze the disparity in knowledge levels between the two groups.

Materials and Methods:

A genuine experimental design was employed using a pretest and post-test control group approach. A simple random sampling lottery method was used to select 40 adolescent girls for the study and control groups. These girls, aged 12–15 years, were chosen from specific schools in Navi Mumbai, adhering to predetermined inclusion criteria. A structured knowledge questionnaire was administered to both groups. At 1 week post-test, the study group received a nurse-led intervention through a planned teaching program. Data analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:

In the control group, pretest knowledge scores averaged around 57.5%, suggesting a moderate level of knowledge. Conversely, the study group exhibited an average pretest knowledge score of 60%. Examining post-test knowledge scores, it is evident that in the control group, the majority (42.5%) demonstrated average knowledge, while in the study group, 67.5% exhibited excellent knowledge. Paired t test findings indicated a significant influence of the planned teaching program in the study group compared with the control group, with a P value of 0.001 at a significance level.

Conclusion:

Adolescent girls in the selected schools lacked knowledge about menstrual health management. Consequently, the nurse-led intervention on menstrual health management significantly improved knowledge among the control group of adolescent girls.
Paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in a malnourished patient: A case report
Authors: Shukla Sudhanshu , Sridhar Tejashree , Hiremath Jayasheela Siddalingayya , Nyamagoud Sanathkumar B. , Swamy Viswanatha Agadi Hiremath
Published: June 2024

Acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with a favorable safety profile, is used globally. However, excessive doses can lead to severe hepatotoxicity and acute liver failure. We present a case report that describes the unfortunate demise of a 48-year-old male patient with colon carcinoma who developed severe hepatotoxicity attributed to the administration of paracetamol following right radical hemicolectomy. Despite the patient receiving paracetamol at a dosage below the recommended limit under medical supervision, he experienced a rapid deterioration in liver function, leading to a cascade of life-threatening complications. The intricate interplay between medication administration and patient-specific factors emphasizes the ongoing need for the medical community to evolve and optimize treatment strategies for improved patient outcomes.
Prospects of emerging 3D bioprinting technologies: major technology components, technology developers, and end users—Part I
Authors: Ghosh Prasanta K.
Published: June 2024

Bioprinting technology aims to create 3D structures with living cells to mimic real tissue and organ functions. The process involves various additive technologies, including 3D bioprinters and bioinks. Bioinks comprise hydrogels, scaffolds, additives, growth factors, and living cells. While much of the technology is still in the exploratory stages, it has successfully produced living tissue, blood vessels, and bones. Research suggests the potential for bioprinting whole organs to revolutionize medical procedures. Current major business components include various types of bioprinters and advanced bioinks. Advancements in technologies such as cellular reprogramming hold the potential to enhance the development of superior bioinks, thereby enabling the fabrication of 3D bioprinted tissues. 3D bioprinting technology offers significant benefits across research, personalized medicine, and other applications. This review provides a flavor of the potential benefits of using 3D bioprinting technology in various areas of usage, including Research and Development (R&D), and its applications on a wide spectrum, including personalized medicine.
Health status, menstrual hygiene practices, and anthropometric correlations among minority school girls
Authors: Gayathri Batchu Naga , Lavanya C. , Bolla Chandrasekhar Reddy
Published: July 2024

Background:

Age group of 10–19 years has been designated as the adolescence period. This period decides future health and nutritional status. Girls are future mothers. Adolescents constitute 25% of the global population. Most of these populations are from developing countries.

Objective:

To study health status, menstrual hygiene practices, and anthropometric correlations among minority school girls.

Methods:

An institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 112 girls of age 11–18 years from a minority school. Socio-demographic information, complete general, and systemic examination as well as questions related to personal hygiene practices and menstrual hygiene practices were taken. Height, weight, and blood pressure were recorded as per the standard protocol. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated.

Results:

The prevalence of undernutrition was very high, i.e. 57.1%. The prevalence of refractive errors was 20.5%. Regarding personal hygiene practices, most of the girls were seen to follow good practices. Hand hygiene was present in 97.3% for washing hands before eating and among 98.2% for washing hands with soap and water after defecation. Regarding menstrual hygiene practices, only one girl told that she used the old cloth during menstruation and two girls disposed the pads improperly. Significant correlation was seen between age and BMI; systolic blood pressure (SBP) and BMI; diastolic blood pressure and BMI; and duration of stay in the hostel and SBP. Age was correlated with the height and BMI. When we compared mean height, weight, and BMI across age categories, we found that mean height was significantly more in higher age. Mean BMI was significantly lesser in higher age group. However, mean weight was almost similar.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of malnutrition was high. As the age increased, BMI decreased indicating that the given nutrition is not sufficient for their growing age. Hence, there is a need to give additional food supplementation for proper growth and nutrition. Awareness on personal and menstrual hygiene was very good.
May–Thurner syndrome
Authors: Acharya Runa , Shaik Afshaan , Reddy Bharath
Published: June 2024

A 37-year-old female with a history of severe adenomyosis and endometriosis presented with left leg swelling and pain. She was found to have a deep vein thrombosis in her left leg and underwent treatment to remove the clot. Due to her complex medical history, she will be monitored closely and may need further treatment to prevent future clotting.
Role of microsurgery and free tissue transfer in reconstruction of complex defects of head and neck postablative procedure for cancer
Authors: Kumar Dasari Madhu Vinay
Published: June 2024

The field of reconstructive microsurgery has witnessed considerable advancements over the years, driven by improvements in technology, imaging, surgical instruments, increased understanding of perforator anatomy, and experience with microsurgery. In the case discussed, free fibula flap is used to reconstruct the mandible and soft tissue defect and giving a near-normal life cosmetically and functionally.
Lung wash in a struggle for breath – Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
Authors: Tale Sudheer , Allena Nishant , Kolli Mrudula , Padmaja Satya , Silla Monisha , Allena Prem Kumar
Published: June 2024

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is an orphan disease characterized by the accumulation of lipoproteinaceous material in the alveoli due to macrophage dysfunction, leading to impaired gas exchange and hypoxemia of variable severity. Diagnosis is made by the constellation of clinical signs and radiological findings supported by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) or transbronchial lung biopsy reports. Whole lung lavage (WLL) is the treatment of choice. Here, we report a case of a middle-aged female diagnosed of having PAP based on BAL findings and treated with WLL.
The clinical efficacy, outcomes and quality of life of diabetic disease patients treated with dapagliflozin
Authors: Talla Venu , Kumar P. Naveen , Vemula Manusha , Bommu Shivani , Natukula Keerthi , Tangeda Saritha Jyostna
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease and a common serious complication that affects 1/3rd of type-1 and half of type-2 diabetes mellitus patients. In the early stages of DKD-RAAS blockades (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers) and antihyperglycemic agents such as sodium-glucose transport protein (SGLT) 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors may help prevent DKD by lowering blood glucose levels and through intrinsic renal protection. SGLT2 inhibitors are a new class of oral antidiabetic drugs, which delay the progression of DKD. Dapagliflozin is a drug of choice when the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is 25–75 mL/min/1.73 m2 and urine albumin–creatinine ratio ≥≥30 mg/mmol.

Aim and Objectives:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of dapagliflozin in DKD and to check the complications and quality of life of the patients after treatment.

Methodology:

It was a prospective observational study conducted for a period of 6 months in a tertiary care hospital. The data were collected from the 49 patients with DKD who underwent treatment with dapagliflozin, after approval of the protocol by the IEC. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS software, V.22.(1) 1. SPSS I. IBM SPSS Statistics Version 22 Statistical Software: Core System Users’ Guide. SPSS Inc. 2014.

Results and Discussion:

The majority of patients enrolled were males (81.63%) compared to females (18.36%) and most of them were geriatrics > 60 years. The majority of patients received dapagliflozin 10 mg, followed by few patients with 5 mg. The effectiveness of dapagliflozin was observed by statistically significant improvement in serum creatinine (P < 0.05), BUN (P < 0.05), and blood urea (P ≤ 0.05). Clinically significant improvement was observed in eGFR, creatinine clearance, serum sodium, potassium, chlorides, glycated hemoglobin levels, and body mass index (P > 0.05), which was statistically insignificant. Statistically significant improvement in the quality of life (P < 0.001) of patients was observed. Out of 49, two patients reported with UTI which may be a suspected drug-related side effect.

Conclusion:

The study concludes that dapagliflozin has a positive impact on treating DKD. The overall quality of life of the patients was moderately improved. These outcomes suggest that dapagliflozin may become the main line therapy in patients suffering from DKD.
Eye perforation during retrobulbar anesthesia
Authors: Sobrinho Marcelo Vicente de Andrade , Fonseca Andre Luis , Jacobucci Vitor Guilhermino , Ferrer Ivana
Published: June 2024

Case report of an 81-year-old patient who suffered an eye perforation during retrobulbar anesthesia before her cataract surgery. The patient presented with eye hypotony and had her surgery canceled. After the complementary examination and image exams, the hypothesis of globe perforation with retinal detachment was confirmed, and the patient underwent a posterior vitrectomy. The objective of this case report is to present the characteristic findings and management of this rare but well-known complication.
ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT OF TRANSPORT CONSUMPTION – AN EDUCATIONAL CHALLENGE FOR GENERATION Z
Authors: Chocholáč Jan , Skalska Monika , Gottwald Dalibor , Pavlisova Hana , Julak Vojtech
Published: June 2024

This paper brings together two very topical and important themes. The first is the issue of the environmental footprint of transport consumption and the second is the current educational challenges of Generation Z representatives. The paper focuses on a combination of both topics, respectively addressing the education of Generation Z on the topic of the environmental footprint of transport consumption. The paper is prepared using a primary representative survey method based on an online questionnaire survey of representatives of Generation Z (secondary school students in the Czech Republic). The aim of the paper is to identify the educational challenges of the generation Z (studying at secondary schools in the Czech Republic) in the thematic area of the environmental footprint of transport consumption. The results clearly show the necessity of using audio-visual educational content and linking theory and practice, for example in the form of case studies. Generation Z wants quick, concise, up-to-date, interesting, and interactive information. Generation Z representatives clearly confirm the need to address human environmental impacts in education, adding that not enough time is devoted to them. They also confirm that there is a lack of study materials in this subject area and that they are not developed in a user-friendly way. Representatives of Generation Z are interested in further education on the environmental footprint of transport consumption. The findings of this paper can help both secondary school teachers, as well as school and curriculum developers and educational policy and strategy makers.
STANOVENÍ PIKTOGRAMŮ NÁKLADNÍCH VZDUCHOLODÍ PRO VYUŽITÍ V LOGISTICE
Authors: Polívka Petr , Drahotský Ivo
Published: June 2024

Článek se věnuje stanovení piktogramů na základě rozdělení nákladních vzducholodí dle nosného plynu a možnosti nakládky a vykládky nákladu. Nosný plyn je dělen na základní dva plyny, které jsou helium a vodík. Dalším rozdělením je přeprava nákladu uvnitř či vně trupu vzducholodi. Které je následně rozděluje dle možností nakládky a vykládky. Závěrem jsou přiřazeny piktogramy k jednotlivým výrobcům dle jejich deklarace jakožto příklad přiřazení.
ASSESSMENT OF PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN STORED MAIZE AND BEANS FROM SELECTED MARKETS IN NORTHERN TARABA USING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Authors: Abare-Jen L. , Dimas J.B. , Chia A.I. , Yelwa J.M.
Published: June 2024

Excessive application of pesticides for preservation of stored food has left in its wake residues of pesticides in diverse agricultural products and are now considered the leading cause of different health hazards in humans. In this research residual pesticide analysis in stored maize and beans were carried out in the last quarter of the year 2022 and the first quarter of the year 2023. A quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) method was used to extract the pesticide residues from maize and beans. The grain markets of Iware, Jalingo, and Zing, were selected sites for collection of stored maize and beans. The samples were analyzed for eleven (11) organochlorine compounds for pesticide residues using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry technique. The pesticide residue level and the hazard index compared with EU . established MRL (maximum residue level) for pesticides. All the samples were found to contain pesticide residues, many of which have values above the EU standard. Residual pesticides investigated include, Delta Lindane, Alpha Lindane, Beta Lindane, Gamma Lindane, Heptachlor, Aldrin, Heptachlor epoxide, Endosulfan I., P, P' – DDE, Endrin, Endosulfan II, P, P' – DDD, P, P' – DDT and Methoxyclor. The results show that the mean concentration of these organochlorines pesticide detected were higher with respect to endosulfan I, having a concentration of 2.39 ppm, Aldrin, 1.74 ppm, and methoxychlor 1.10 ppm. Some of these concentrations are at an alarming level, somewhat much higher than the maximum residue limits (MRLs). This research findings suggest the ban on use of organochlorine pesticides for crop cultivations are not adhered to.
BIOACTIVE CONSTITUENTS OF SEED OF SPHENOSTYLIS STENOCARPA ATTENUATE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETES IN RAT
Authors: Ali J. I. , Asogwa F. K. , Ugwu C. O. , Okorie H. N. , Omeh R. C. , Adonu C. C. , Okonkwo R. M. , Ozouga A. K. , Obi P. E. , Ujam N. T.
Published: June 2024

Sphenostylis stenocarpa seeds are used locally to lower blood sugar level among diabetic patient in Southeastern Nigeria. The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of extract and fractions of Sphenostylis stenocarpa seeds on alloxan-induced diabetes in rat. The pulverized seed was soaked in methanol for 72h, filtered and concentrated to obtain the extract. The extract was subjected to Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) using gradient elution to afford n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and methanol fraction respectively. Standard phytochemical method was used to screen the extract and fractions respectively. The method described by Lorke’s was used to carry out the acute toxicity study. The alloxan induced diabetic model was used to evaluate the antidiabetic activity in the rats. The phytochemical constituents present in extract and fractions were alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids. The acute toxicity study indicated no mortality or any behavioral changes even at 5000mg/kg body weight. The extract and fraction at 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg exhibited antidiabetic activity in dose dependent manner. The 400mg/kg reduced blood glucose level significantly at p < 0.05 when compared to standard drug (glibenclamide). The Sphenostylis stenocarpa seeds have demonstrated an outstanding antidiabetic activity. The research has substantiated the use of the S. stenocarpa seeds to manage blood sugar level in folkloric medicine without record of adverse effect. This could be attributed to the present of flavonoids and terpenoids and alkaloids present in the samples with proven antidiabetic potentials. Further studies are required to isolate and characterize the bioactive compound responsible for the observed anti-diabetic activity.
Tariat Yazıtı Kuzey Yüzü 5. Satırında Bulunan YGmA : LWmičIsI : kI : YWRtIdI Harf Kümesi Üzerine Düşünceler
Authors: Helil Mihrigül
Published: June 2024

Özet: Günümüzde, Moğolistan Kültürel Miras Merkezi’nde sergilenmekte olan Tariat yazıtı, Uygur Kağanlığı (744-840) dönemine ait önemli yazıtlardan biridir. Bu yazıtın büyük bir bölümü sağlam şekilde günümüze ulaşmış ancak bazı kısımlar hasar görmüştür. Yazıtın kuzey yüzünün 5. satırındaki bazı harflerin hasar görmesi, bu satırdaki kelimelerin okunması ve anlamlandırılmasında tartışmalara yol açmaktadır. Bu makalede bu satırdaki YGmA : LWmičIsI : kI : YWRtIdI harf kümesi üzerinde bazı yeni düşünceler ortaya konulacaktır.
Tarihî Türk Lehçelerinden Kazakçaya Organ Adları Üzerine Bir Deneme
Authors: Oba Emin
Published: June 2024

Organ adları, bir dilin temel söz varlığı içerisinde yer alan aslî sözcüklerdendir. Bu sözcükler o dilin oluşumundaki en temel unsurlar arasındadır. Bu çalışmada Kuzey-Batı (Kıpçak) grubu Türk lehçeleri içerisinde yer alan Kazakçada organ adları incelenmiştir. Kazakça, söz varlığı açısından oldukça zengin bir çağdaş Türk lehçesidir. Söz varlığının temelini Türkçe kökenli sözcükler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmamızda Eski Türkçeden itibaren Türkçenin diğer tarihî dönem ve eserlerinde görülen organ adları tespit edilmiş ve tespit edilen bu sözcüklerin Kazakçaya yansıması verilmiştir. Sözcüklerin bugünkü Kazakçadaki görünümleri, geçirdiği fonetik değişimler ve anlam değişimleri hakkında da bilgi verilmiştir. Ayrıca bazı sözcüklere ilişkin etimolojik açıklamalara da çalışmada yer verilmiştir.
An Attempt at a Selected and Annotated Bibliography of Tocharian-Turkic Language Contacts, Part I
Authors: Aydemir Hakan
Published: June 2024

Tocharian-Turkic language and ethnic relations have many unknown aspects and many problems awaiting solutions. One of the fundamental questions about Tocharian-Turkic language contacts is undoubtedly when and where these contacts began and how long they lasted. This problem has long intrigued scholars. As Sarah G. Thomason (2001) also remarks, there are “two crucial historical questions about language contact situations - how they come about in the first place, and how long they last.” And as she notes, “even partial answers to these questions will be useful for orientation and predicting the future of current contact situations with some degree of confidence.” Therefore, even the partial answers we provide to the problem of Tocharian-Turkic language contacts will make significant contributions to its resolution. Thus, this bibliographic essay serves this purpose.
In this first part, the study tries to summarize and describe the significant problems related to the question in the studies listed below and explain what each study is about. The study attempts to evaluate the data included in them, such as lexical correspondences, reconstructions, hypotheses, proofs, and their strengths and weaknesses. However, in this study, not all the studies listed below were evaluated, but only some of them for now. The rest will be evaluated in detail in the next parts of this article series.
A Study On Impact Of Capital Structure And Dividend Policy Towards Steel Industries In India
Authors: Dr.K.Latha  , Sreeja Kumar
Published: July 2024

The Indian construction industry has been playing an elixir role in the overall economic development of the country. The success of construction and its associated industries depend up on their efficient financial and business management. In a business enterprise, financial management is a very important aspect that ensures its survival, progress and smooth functioning. The proper allocation and usage of capital funds improves the efficiency of management and enhances the profitability of business. An appropriate proportion of various sources of funds used in a business is termed as financial structure and capitalization refers to the total amount of securities issued by a firm. Capital structure decision is critical for any firm for maximizing return to the various stake holders and also to enhance firms’ ability to operate in a competitive environment (A.M.Goyal 2013).Therefore, this study aim to analyze the impact of capital structure and dividend policy towards steel industries in India.
The Effect of Service Quality on Financial Performance and Satisfaction of Cooperative Members in Gianyar Regency
Authors: Ni Nyoman Alit Purnami
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of service quality on financial performance and member satisfaction as well as the level of profitability in Amertanadi Farmer Cooperative and Lumbung Sari Farmer Cooperative. The data collection method uses the interview method with a questionnaire as the main instrument in the research. The sample used in this study were members or family members of the Amertandi Tani Cooperative totalling 81 respondents and members of the Lumbung Sari Tani Cooperative totalling 86 respondents. The research data were obtained from the results of filling out the questionnaire and analysed using SEM analysis techniques with the help of the SmartPLS program. The results of this study indicate that service quality (tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy) has a positive and significant effect on financial performance and financial performance has a positive and significant effect on member satisfaction, based on the results of the study, it is hoped that the Amertandi Farmer Cooperative and Lumbung Sari Farmer Cooperative will be able to improve service quality so that members feel very satisfied.
Crafts and Craft Development of Christians in the Ottoman Provincial City (Following the example of Eski Juma in the First Half of the 19th Century)
Authors: Dzhafer Aldzhan
Published: June 2024

This article is a study of the types of crafts practiced, and their development according to Ottoman Turkish archival documents for the town of Eski Juma (today’s Targovishte, Northeastern Bulgaria). The data was compiled using the nufus, temettuat and jiziye registers from the first half of the 19th century. The data on the occupations of the urban population in the nufus and temettuat censuses of the 1830s and 1840s are presented in tabular form. This makes it easier to compare the craft industries of the different ethno-religious communities and gives readers the opportunity to familiarize themselves with all the crafts practiced in the Qazalian center of Eski Juma. The registers of the period constitute another valuable source for the development of the various professions among the Christian inhabitants of the town of Eski Juma in the first half of the 19th century.
A cidadania como a nova prioridade da educação
Authors: Freire-Ribeiro Ilda
Published: July 2024

Neste artigo aborda-se a educação para a cidadania. Primeiro na perspectiva dos normativos legais, percorrendo as complexas denominações que assumiu no sistema educativo desde 1986 a 2001, proclamando a educação para a cidadania como a prioridade da educação básica. Seguidamente, reconceptualiza-se o seu lugar na formação de professores, ambicionando-se que a instituição educativa modifique as suas tradicionais metas em função das alterações sociais e indicações políticas, e que, por consequência, os seus agentes se comprometam em educar e preparar os jovens para o exercício da cidadania democrática e para a participação na vida em sociedades plurais.
As “súmulas logicais” de pedro hispano portugalense
Authors: Gomes J. Pinharanda
Published: July 2024

Neste artigo assinala-se a importância das “Súmulas Logicais” de Pedro Hispano, o Papa João XXI.
Unveiling the Potential: A Pioneering Investigation into Nahr Umr Formation in Abu Amood Field
Authors: Abed Talib Mohammed , Al-Jawad Mohammed
Published: June 2024

The Abu Amood field is an untapped resource within the Dhi Qar province, representing an undeveloped oil field with substantial potential. The Nahr Umr Formation, a key reservoir for oil production in southern Iraq, is of particular significance within this geological landscape. Despite its importance, the literature reveals a notable gap in research specific to the Nahr Umr Formation at the Abu Amood field. Addressing the lack of information about the Nahr Umr Formation in Abu Amood Field, the primary objective is to construct a 3D geological model for the Nahr Umr Formation and subsequently estimate the original hydrocarbon in place. This effort showed an average estimate of 748.49 (MMSTB) of oil. Furthermore, the formation can be categorized into five distinct units, with Unit 3 emerging as the most promising for oil production. This research fills a critical gap in the literature and provides valuable information that will help in future exploration and development strategies in the Abu Amood field.
Using Soil Magnetic Susceptibility Proxies to Estimate Overburden Thickness Overlying Ore of Lateritic Soils in Sulawesi Island Indonesia
Authors: Eso Rosliana , Safiuddin Laode , Agusu La , Hamimu La , Safana Jamhir , Arman Arman , Tahir Tahir , Tufaila Tufaila , Syah Hasbullah , Leomo Sitti , Sidu Dasmin , Tamutuan Gerral , Bijaksana Satria
Published: June 2024

Sulawesi Island is one of the largest Ni ore producers in Indonesia. It is also expected to be a significant potential source of some critical metals (e.g., Co, Sc, rare-earth elements, and platinum-group elements). However, few studies show the post-mining impact on some heavy metal elements concentrated in this area. Therefore, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of soil organization and its effect on soil reclamation after mining is helpful. This study aimed to determine the accuracy in estimating the thickness of the overburden covering the nickel ore body profile from lateritic nickel post-mining areas by magnetic susceptibility measurements to discrepancy the overall laterite horizon, whereas χLF and χFD are used to distinguish the overburden zona and limonite and saprolite zone. The lateritic profile studied consists of soil formation of Fe-rich material in the Morowali, and Pomalaa block. We also evaluated the chemical element content of the soil and understood the relationship between the magnetic and geochemical properties of the soil. This study reveals the superparamagnetic (SP)-enriched soils indicated with the increase of the FD% values into the upward horizon, where the maximum values of FD are generally found at ranges 1 to 4m, indicating the overburden layers. Meanwhile, in the depth of 4m to 6m, the values of FD vary only slightly in the lower part initiated by the limonite layers, and then > 6m decreases sharply to the bottom, indicating the saprolite layers. The chemical element mobility trends indicate that Fe, Co, Cr, Mn, and Ti increase toward the layers, which is the same pattern as in FD. Due to this, parameters magnetics may also be a new geophysical approach for estimating the distribution of economically valued minerals on lateritic soils. The strong correlation of Co with Fe, Mn, and Cr in all layers indicates the influence of weathering o n these ultramafic rocks. This suggests an increasing trend toward prolonged pedogenesis.
Soil Instability and Building Damage in the Urban District, Morocco: Chefchaouen City as Case Study
Authors: Yahia Om keltoum , Touhami Abdelouahed , El Fellous Anass
Published: June 2024

Ground instability is one of the most significant issues that affect the social, economic, and environmental levels in the northern Rif area and many other parts of Morocco. To understand and analyze this natural hazard of terrain instability, Chefchaouen City is chosen as a case study. based on the inventory of ground movements carried out by the Geotechmed Laboratory to identify and characterize cases of instability in this city and their relationship with the geological structure and soil characteristics is the aim of this research. As well as, the inventory of constructions damaged by instability in all municipality districts. The results indicated that the soils in the administrative district were reliable. Several factors contributed to the 2016 landslide in the Ain Haouzi District, including high rainfall, water resurgence, and human activity. The damage inventory of 83 houses showed how the geographical distribution of the severely damaged homes was placed on top of the distribution of landslides in the surrounding areas. The management plan needs to adapt to the geomorphological characteristics and behavior of the subsoil. That will help to avoid any future material damage and provide better guidance for the planning and the city's expansion development, with its remarkable urban sprawl.
Evaluating the Chemical Composition and Quality of Magnesite Ore in the Sró Area, Gia Lai Province, Vietnam
Authors: Duong Phung
Published: June 2024

Magnesite plays a crucial role in various industrial sectors, particularly in the manufacturing of refractory and insulation materials. The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the composition and quality of magnesite ore in the Sró area of Gia Lai Province, Vietnam. To evaluate the composition and quality of magnesite ore in the Sró area, the study collected and analysed: 1,642 samples for basic chemical analysis of rock are taken from drill cores of magnesite ore bodies, 3 technological experimental samples in the laboratory, some thin-section petrographic analysis, X-ray diffraction, and differential thermal analysis samples. The results showed that these ores have a metamorphic sedimentary origin. The main component of the ore is magnesite (average 70-85%); followed by dolomite, calcite, chlorite, and talc. Overall, the magnesite ore in the Kong Queng area belongs to the category of ores with average to good quality with an average MgO content of 37-38%.