bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern approaches to the treatment of anorexia nervosa. “The third wave” of cognitive behavioral therapy
Authors: Starzomska Małgorzata , Wilkos Ewelina , Kucharska Katarzyna
Published: October 2017

Jadłowstręt psychiczny (JP) jest uważany za jedno z najtrudniejszych do leczenia zaburzeń psychicznych. Egosyntoniczna natura choroby sprawia, iż pacjenci z trudem podejmują decyzję o leczeniu, a wśród osób leczonych odsetek przedwczesnego przerwania terapii (tzw. „drop out”) jest wysoki. Te uwarunkowania powodują, iż leczenie pacjentów z JP może trwać bardzo długo, a choroba przybiera formę chroniczną, co zwiększa cierpienie chorych. Od wielu lat badacze zastanawiają się, jak wymiernie im pomóc. W ciągu ostatnich lat obserwujemy rozwój wielu nowych modeli leczenia osób z zaburzeniami odżywiania, w tym z JP, które dostarczają dowodów potwierdzających swoją skuteczność, zwłaszcza w grupie osób dorosłych. Wśród nich coraz większe uznanie zyskują terapie należące do tzw. „trzeciej fali” terapii poznawczej, mające najczęściej formę treningów. Ich prezentacji, uzupełnionej o dowody na ich efektywność (ang. evidence based therapy), został poświęcony niniejszy artykuł. Wiedza ta może ułatwić klinicystom podjęcie odpowiedniej decyzji dotyczącej uzupełnienia tradycyjnych form leczenia w ramach opieki stacjonarnej i ambulatoryjnej.
The Paradox of Openness and Value Protection Strategies: Effect of Extramural R&D on Innovative Performance
Authors: Wadhwa Anu , Bodas Freitas Isabel Maria , Sarkar M. B.
Published: October 2017

The emphasis in firms on extramural research and development (R&D), involving increased engagement with external entities in the conduct of research, can also result in knowledge leakage. Knowledge leaks can undermine firm competitiveness, and to prevent this, firms deploy various isolating mechanisms to protect their knowledge. Integrating insights from the resource-based view and evolutionary theory, we hypothesize an inverted curvilinear relationship between extramural R&D and innovation and explain why the value protection strategies employed by firms change the relationship at various degrees of external knowledge sourcing. We test our hypotheses on a sample of 506 French manufacturing firms using data from three surveys conducted in the period 1998 to 2006. We find an inverted-U-shaped relationship between extramural R&D and innovation performance. This relationship is moderated by employee retention and secrecy such that the benefits of extramural R&D are weakened at lower degrees of extramural R&D while its downsides are mitigated at higher degrees of extramural R&D. Our work thus suggests boundary conditions to the paradox of openness.
On the Location of Eigenvalues of Real Matrices
Authors: Marsli Rachid , Hall Frank
Published: October 2017

The research in this paper is motivated by a recent work of I. Barany and J. Solymosi [I. Barany and J. Solymosi. Gershgorin disks for multiple eigenvalues of non-negative matrices. Preprint arXiv no. 1609.07439, 2016.] about the location of eigenvalues of nonnegative matrices with geometric multiplicity higher than one. In particular, an answer to a question posed by Barany and Solymosi, about how the location of the eigenvalues can be improved in terms of their geometric multiplicities is obtained. New inclusion sets for the eigenvalues of a real square matrix, called Ger\v{s}gorin discs of the second type, are introduced. It is proved that under some conditions, an eigenvalue of a real matrix is in a Ger\v{s}gorin disc of the second type. Some relationships between the geometric multiplicities of eigenvalues and these new inclusion sets are established. Some other related results, consequences, and examples are presented. The results presented here apply not only to nonnegative matrices, but extend to all real matrices, and some of them do not depend on the geometric multiplicity.
A National Analysis of Medicaid Home and Community Based Services Waivers for People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: FY 2015
Authors: Friedman Carli
Published: October 2017

Medicaid Home and Community Based Services (HCBS) 1915(c) waivers are the largest source of funding for the long term services and supports of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). National-level analyses of HCBS IDD waivers are crucial because of the large variance across states, the recent CMS rule and regulation changes (CMS 2249-F/2296-F), and the ever changing economic and political landscape. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine state waiver priorities for people with IDD. In FY 2015, 111 waivers projected spending $25.6 billion for approximately 630,000 people with IDD. The services with the most funding were residential habilitation, supports to live in one's own home, and day habilitation. However, our analysis revealed large discrepancies across states and services.
Self-Determination, Intellectual Disability, and Context: A Meta-Analytic Study
Authors: Mumbardó-Adam Cristina , Guàrdia-Olmos Joan , Adam-Alcocer Ana L. , Carbó-Carreté Maria , Balcells-Balcells Anna , Giné Climent , Shogren Karrie A.
Published: October 2017

The relation between self-determination and intellectual functioning is complex, as other contextual factors may also play significant roles in explaining variability in self-determination. This study used meta-analytic techniques to assess how self-determination measures vary between people with disabilities classified as having intellectual disability (ID) or not, and contextual variables that moderate this relation. The literature search yielded 16 eligible studies, whose variables of interest were coded and analyzed. The results showed that when comparing self-determination measures among disability classification groups, gender, disability label and race/ethnicity were associated with the effect size estimation. These findings empirically support the relevance of personal variables when understanding self-determination levels and their impact in the operational classification of ID.
Educación física y retorno a la democracia en Uruguay: del cuerpo a la conciencia
Authors: Seré Quintero Cecilia , Fernandez Vaz Alexandre
Published: October 2017

El artículo analiza las propuestas de Educación Física proyectadas en Uruguay luego de finalizada la última dictadura cívico-militar en 1985. Los resultados muestran un cambio en las intervenciones documentadas por la Comisión Nacional de Educación Física, que disminuye el énfasis en la participación obligada y la espectacularización del cuerpo, características del régimen dictatorial, y promueve como contrapartida la participación voluntaria y convencida de la población, procurando unificar la sociedad mediante modalidades atrayentes de actividades de educación física, deporte y recreación.
Ausentes, pero representados: mecanismos institucionales de representación de emigrantes en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Palop Garcia Pau
Published: October 2017

Este trabajo, partiendo del marco brindado por los estudios sobre transnacionalismo y representación política, investiga dos de los mecanismos institucionales que 22 Estados de América Latina y el Caribe han diseñado para incorporar en su proceso político a sus emigrantes –la reserva de puestos en cámaras legislativas y los consejos consultivos–. El análisis revela que únicamente la mitad de los Estados de la muestra cuentan con algún mecanismo de representación institucional de emigrantes.
Contribuyendo a la democracia en países de origen: el voto externo de los migrantes andinos
Authors: Bermudez Anastasia , Lafleur Jean-Michel , Escriva Angeles
Published: October 2017

Este artículo analiza cómo las prácticas políticas de los migrantes contribuyen a la calidad de las democracias en sus países de origen. Para ello nos centramos en el fenómeno del «voto externo», comparando las experiencias de tres países andinos: Colombia, Bolivia y Perú. En los tres casos se han creado mecanismos de inclusión política de los nacionales residentes en el exterior, pero en contextos históricos, socioeconómicos y políticos diferentes y con diversos resultados.
Raumentwicklung in Grenzregionen
Authors: Obkircher Stefan
Published: October 2017

Anhand der Fallbeispiele »Vision Rheintal« und »Agglomerationsprogramm Rheintal« im Alpenrheintal diskutiert und vergleicht Stefan Obkircher Steuerungs- und Planungsverständnisse in dieser zwischenstädtischen Grenzregion. Dem gegenüber wird eine vertiefende Betrachtung der »Bottom-up-Raumbilder« gestellt, in deren Fokus die Handlungs- und die Wahrnehmungsebene der Bewohner_innen stehen. Mit Methoden wie Mental Mapping und Photobefragung liefert die Studie so nicht nur ein umfassendes Raumbild der Grenzregion, sondern ebenso praxisrelevante Schlussfolgerungen für die Raumentwicklung.
Materielle Spuren des nationalsozialistischen Terrors
Authors: Bernbeck Reinhard
Published: October 2017

Nur noch wenige Zeitzeug_innen können über die Zustände in den Lagern der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft Auskunft geben. Das Archivmaterial ist - gerade bei kleineren Einrichtungen wie den KZ-Außenlagern und Zwangsarbeitslagern - oft unergiebig. Doch ihre Spuren sind überall in Mitteleuropa auffindbar. Was erzählen diese materiellen Überbleibsel? Archäologie ist ein weitgehend ungenutztes Werkzeug, um dieser Frage nachzugehen. Am Beispiel von Ausgrabungsfunden auf dem Tempelhofer Flugfeld in Berlin zeigt Reinhard Bernbeck detailliert, was eine solche »Archäologie der Moderne« leisten kann, wo ihre Grenzen liegen und wie sie sich in eine umstrittene »Erinnerungskultur« einfügt.
Die Volkskrankheit
Authors: Fleßner Alfred
Published: October 2017

Noch in den 1950er Jahren war Tuberkulose in Deutschland eine verbreitete Volkskrankheit, die häufig tödlich verlief. Im Nationalsozialismus hatten staatliche Überwachung und Zwangsmaßnahmen bis hin zu Krankenmordaktionen den Alltag der Betroffenen bestimmt. Alfred Fleßner untersucht die stationäre Versorgung und Unterbringung von Tuberkulosekranken im Bezirk der früheren Landesversicherungsanstalt Oldenburg-Bremen. Er zeigt, wie sie im Zweiten Weltkrieg ein System der Ausdifferenzierung von Patienten organisierte, das zu einem Anstieg der Sterbefälle und der schweren Erkrankungen führte und auch über das Kriegsende hinaus wirkte.
Vilém Flusser (1920-1991)
Authors: Guldin Rainer , Bernardo Gustavo
Published: October 2017

Diese Biographie - die erste ihrer Art - ist dem Leben und Werk Vilém Flussers gewidmet. 1920 in Prag als Sohn jüdischer Eltern geboren, flieht er 1939 vor den Nazis, die seine gesamte Familie im KZ ermorden, über London nach Brasilien. 1972 kehrt er wieder nach Europa zurück, wo er in den 1980er Jahren in Deutschland als »digitaler Denker« berühmt wird. Seine Einflüsse auf die Philosophie und besonders die Medienwissenschaft sind unbestritten. Vilém Flussers außerordentliches, bewegtes Leben, das 1991 in einem Autounfall endet, ist zugleich ein Porträt des 20. Jahrhunderts in all seinen Widersprüchen. Aufgrund des breiten thematischen Spektrums von Vilém Flussers Werk ist die Biographie auch für Leser_innen jenseits der Philosophie und der Medientheorie von Interesse.
Where the Everyday Begins
Authors: Morrow James
Published: October 2017

Where the Everyday Begins is a study of environment and everyday life. It uses innovative research methods to bear witness to the ways by which environment defines everyday life. And its lively narrative pulls together a multitude of observations that reveal incredible details about the social and material ecologies that bind the world.
Fiktive Werkgenesen
Authors: Zinn Laura
Published: October 2017

»Shakespeare in Love«, »Finding Neverland« oder »Anonymous« - zwischen 1998 und 2011 lässt sich im Spielfilm die Entstehung eines neuen Subgenres beobachten: die Darstellung fiktiver Werkgenesen. Diese filmischen Narrationen der Entstehungsgeschichte eines oder mehrerer, meist kanonisierter Werke zeichnen sich durch einen hohen Anteil an medialen Verschachtelungen aus. Laura Zinn widmet sich diesen unter dem Aspekt der interdisziplinären Intermedialitätsdebatte und des neu auflebenden Interesses an der Figur des Autors. Sie zeigt: Vom Mainstream- bis zum Independent-Kino manifestiert sich ein neues Medienbewusstsein des Films, der sich im Zuge der Digitalisierung einmal mehr mit anderen Unterhaltungsmedien vernetzt.
Eine Theorie der vernünftigen Übereinkunft
Authors: Olbrich André
Published: October 2017

Mit seiner Theorie der vernünftigen Übereinkunft liefert André Olbrich die Grundlegung eines Kriteriums für moralische Urteile über richtig und falsch: Im Anschluss an klassische und moderne Vertragstheoretiker wird die Akzeptanz eines Urteils durch die Betroffenen zum obersten Rechtfertigungsmaßstab erhoben. Das vertragstheoretische Denken wird weiterentwickelt und konsequent als umfassende normative Theorie ausformuliert. Die Leserinnen und Leser erfahren, von welchem Standpunkt aus sich die Regeln unseres sozialen Miteinanders einer Kritik unterziehen lassen und auf welchen moralischen Grundlagen Recht und Politik aufbauen.
Software implementation of LTE-advanced using Matlab Simulink
Authors: Mostafa Wessam , Mohamed Eman , Zekry Abdelhalim
Published: October 2017

Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) is the evolution of the LTE that developed by 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).LTE-A exceeded International Telecommunication Union (ITU) requirements for 4th Generation (4G) known as International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT-Advanced). It is formally introduced in October 2009. This paper presents a study and an implementation of the LTE-A downlink physical layer based on 3GPP release 10 standards using Matlab simulink. In addition, it provides the LTE-A performance in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) against Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) for different modulation and channel coding schemes. Moreover, different scenarios of Carrier Aggregation (CA) are modeled and implemented. The Simulink model developed for the LTE-A transceiver can be translated into digital signal processor DSP code or VHDL on FPGA code.
The attitude of employees in perioperative nursing to training new employees in the workplace: an example of one organization
Authors: Oblak Tina , Skela-Savič Brigita
Published: October 2017

Introduction: There has been little research on systematic training of new employees in perioperative nursing. The aim of the present study was to establish whether the attitude of the employees in perioperative nursing towards the training of new employees in the workplace is connected to their education in perioperative nursing, workload, work competence or attitude of new employees in perioperative nursing. Methods: A quantitative exploratory research was performed in March 2017 and data was collected by means of a structured survey questionnaire. Perioperative nursing staff working in a selected Slovenian hospital's operating theatres, who are trained well enough to work independently (n = 69) and have at least one year of working experience, were questioned to obtain a purposive sample. Descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation coefficient and factor analysis are shown. Results: Employees in perioperative nursing gladly transmit their knowledge and experience (x = 4.79), growing professionally as they do so ( = 4.63). They see the training of new employees as their personal challenge (x = 4.17). The knowledge of the respondents was shown to be a factor that is marginally positively associated (r = 0.278, p = 0.021) with the attitude to training new employees in the workplace. The training that experienced employees in perioperative nursing have received, their competencies, workload, and their opinion of the work of the new employees, are not connected to the attitudes they posses when training these new employees in the workplace. Discussion and conclusion: The study indicates the need to establish definined criteria relating to the employment of candidates, and may contribute toward the future design of a systematic training course in perioperative nursing.
Parabolic conformally symplectic structures I; definition and distinguished connections
Authors: Čap Andreas , Salač Tomáš
Published: October 2017

We introduce a class of first order G-structures, each of which has an underlying almost conformally symplectic structure.
There is one such structure for each real simple Lie algebra which is not of type

C
n

{C_{n}}

and admits a contact grading.
We show that a structure of each of these types on a smooth manifold M determines a canonical compatible linear connection on the tangent bundle

TM

{\mathrm{TM}}

.
This connection is characterized by a normalization condition on its torsion.
The algebraic background for this result is proved using Kostant’s theorem on Lie algebra cohomology.
For each type, we give an explicit description of both the geometric structure and the normalization condition.
In particular, the torsion of the canonical connection naturally splits into two components, one of which is exactly the obstruction to the underlying structure being conformally symplectic.
This article is the first in a series aiming at a construction of differential complexes naturally associated to these geometric structures.
Kolaviron and Garcinia kola attenuate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats
Authors: Oyagbemi Ademola Adetokunbo , Omobowale Temitayo Olutayo , Olopade James Olukayode , Farombi Ebenezer Olatunde
Published: October 2017

Background

The Garcinia kola
seeds have been reported for its antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and also for its chemoprevention property. The use of doxorubicin as an anticancer drug has been accompanied with avalanche of side effects including cardiotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the cardioprotective effect of Kolaviron and Garcinia kola and their mechanisms of action.

Methods

Sixty male rats (Wistar strain) were used in this study. They were divided into 6 groups (A-F) each containing 10 animals. Group A was the control. Rats in Groups B, C, D, E and F were treated with doxorubicin at the dosage of 15 mg/kg body weight i.p. Prior to this treatment, rats in groups C, D, E and F were pre-treated orally with Kolaviron at the dosage of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, and Garcinia kola 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg for 7 days, respectively.

Results

The results show that doxorubicin caused a significant increase in heart rate and prolonged QT, reduced antioxidant status, increased oxidative stress, inflammation and markers of cardiac damage which were reversed by pre-treatment with Kolaviron and Garcinia kola.

Conclusions

Overall, pre-treatment with Kolaviron or Garcinia kola caused reversal of cardiac damage, ECG alteration and oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reducing the markers of inflammation on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Uphill Quenching of Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Mattos W. S. , Totten G. E. , Canale L. C. F.
Published: October 2017

Uphill quenching is often not well understood and there are relatively few publications on the topic. Uphill quenching was originally developed by Alcoa approximately 50 years ago for aluminum alloys. It has also been referred to as “deep freezing” or “tri-cycle stress relieving.” Uphill quenching has been reported to provide residual stress reduction that may exceed 80 %. Therefore, uphill quenching is typically used to achieve dimensional stability in several critical types of aluminum parts. Uphill quenching is typically applied after quenching and before aging. The uphill quenching process consists of the immersion of the part into a cryogenic environment and after cooling is immediately followed by transferring to a hot-steam fixture to obtain a temperature gradient that maintains the mechanical properties gained with the heat treatment. When performed properly, uphill quenching results in low residual stresses and improved dimensional stability. This paper provides an overview of the uphill quenching process and its application in the heat treatment of critical aluminum alloy components such as large aerospace components.
Investigating the Relationship Between DSM-5 Personality Disorder Domains and Facets and Aggression in an Offender Population Using the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5
Authors: Dunne Ashley L. , Gilbert Flora , Daffern Michael
Published: October 2017

This study explored associations between aggression and the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5 (PID-5) domains and facets in 208 male offenders. Regression analyses revealed no significant domain-level relationships using either the APA-three facets only (Krueger, Derringer, Markon, Watson, & Skodol, 2013) or the Krueger, Derringer, Markon, Watson, and Skodol (2012) scoring algorithms. The PID-5 facets of Hostility and Risk Taking were significantly associated with aggression. These findings highlight the importance of a facet-level analysis when exploring the PD-aggression relationship. The authors call attention to how this knowledge can contribute to clinical-forensic practice and note limitations associated with using only PID-5 domain-level scoring approaches. More research is required to determine whether a universally accepted scoring approach can be adopted and promoted alongside future versions of the PID-5.
Functional Characterization of 5-HT1BReceptor Drugs in Nonhuman Primates Using Simultaneous PET-MR
Authors: Hansen Hanne D. , Mandeville Joseph B. , Sander Christin Y. , Hooker Jacob M. , Catana Ciprian , Rosen Bruce R. , Knudsen Gitte M.
Published: October 2017

In the present study, we used a simultaneous PET-MR experimental design to investigate the effects of functionally different compounds (agonist, partial agonist, and antagonist) on 5-HT1Breceptor (5-HT1BR) occupancy and the associated hemodynamic responses. In anesthetized male nonhuman primates (n= 3), we used positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with the radioligand [11C]AZ10419369 administered as a bolus followed by constant infusion to measure changes in 5-HT1BR occupancy. Simultaneously, we measured changes in cerebral blood volume (CBV) as a proxy of drug effects on neuronal activity. The 5-HT1BR partial agonist AZ10419369 elicited a dose-dependent biphasic hemodynamic response that was related to the 5-HT1BR occupancy. The magnitude of the response was spatially overlapping with high cerebral 5-HT1BR densities. High doses of AZ10419369 exerted an extracranial tissue vasoconstriction that was comparable to the less blood–brain barrier-permeable 5-HT1BR agonist sumatriptan. By contrast, injection of the antagonist GR127935 did not elicit significant hemodynamic responses, even at a 5-HT1BR cerebral occupancy similar to the one obtained with a high dose of AZ10419369. Given the knowledge we have of the 5-HT1BR and its function and distribution in the brain, the hemodynamic response informs us about the functionality of the given drug: changes in CBV are only produced when the receptor is stimulated by the partial agonist AZ10419369 and not by the antagonist GR127935, consistent with low basal occupancy by endogenous serotonin.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe here show that combined simultaneous positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging uniquely enables the assessment of CNS active compounds. We conducted a series of pharmacological interventions to interrogate 5-HT1Breceptor binding and function and determined blood–brain barrier passage of drugs and demonstrate target involvement. Importantly, we show how the spatial and temporal effects on brain hemodynamics provide information about pharmacologically driven downstream CNS drug effects; the brain hemodynamic response shows characteristic dose-related effects that differ depending on agonistic or antagonistic drug characteristics and on local 5-HT1Breceptor density. The technique lends itself to a comprehensivein vivoinvestigation and understanding of drugs' effects in the brain.
An Appraisal of Japan’s “Right Turn”
Authors: Jou Willy , Endo Masahisa , Takenaka Yoshihiko
Published: October 2017

The conservative Liberal Democratic Party won overwhelming victories in the 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2016 elections in Japan. We discuss whether this reflected a rightward shift in the electorate, by examining how major parties and leaders are identified with particular ideological poles, and citizen–government distance on a range of issues.
Opening Up Space for Global Black Girls
Authors: Civil Gabrielle , Elliott Zetta
Published: October 2017

In this innovative dialogue, Gabrielle Civil and Zetta Elliott consider how their work inside and outside of the academy “opens up space” for Black girls in the United States and throughout the African diaspora. In her performance art and curation, Civil activates the presence and absence of diasporic Black girls and celebrates their creative potential. In her books for young readers, Elliott disrupts literary conventions by centering Black girl protagonists and using the fantasy genre not for escape but empowerment. Linking the critical and creative, this dialogue showcases reflection and embodied knowledge of Black girls and women.
Intifada Incantation #2
Authors: McGuire Mekhatansh
Published: October 2017

This work examines how June Jordan's poetry dedicated to solidarity is a pedagogical and epistemological framework in SOLHOTLex and in engaging Black girls around the interconnectedness of the occupation of Palestine and the genocide of Syrians under the Bashar Al Assad regime. It begins to answer the questions of how frameworks like womanism and postcolonial feminist theory inform engagement around solidarity in SOLHOTLex and organizing Black girls while examining what critical engagement and organizing looks like when the voices of Black girls are in symphony with the rest of the world's resistance struggles.
Respect My Ratchet
Authors: McEachern Montinique Denice
Published: October 2017

Using Barbara J. Love's four elements of developing a liberatory consciousness, this essay establishes ratchetness as liberatory for Black girls and femmes through exploring the writer's efforts to subvert Black respectability politics in organizing with Black students on a predominately white campus and in building digital communities for queer women of color. Ratchetness honors personal experiences and identities as knowledge. This essay explores how ratchetness enables Black girls and femmes to maneuver through oppression without collapsing into dejectedness by allowing for creativity in the ways we express ourselves, use social media, promote body positivity, and dismantle the gender binary.
TERT structural rearrangements in metastatic pheochromocytomas
Authors: Dwight Trisha , Flynn Aidan , Amarasinghe Kaushalya , Benn Diana E , Lupat Richard , Li Jason , Cameron Daniel L , Hogg Annette , Balachander Shiva , Candiloro Ida L M , Wong Stephen Q , Robinson Bruce G , Papenfuss Anthony T , Gill Anthony J , Dobrovic Alexander , Hicks Rodney J , Clifton-Bligh Roderick J , Tothill Richard W
Published: October 2017

Pheochromocytomas (PC) and paragangliomas (PGL) are endocrine tumors for which the genetic and clinicopathological features of metastatic progression remain incompletely understood. As a result, the risk of metastasis from a primary tumor cannot be predicted. Early diagnosis of individuals at high risk of developing metastases is clinically important and the identification of new biomarkers that are predictive of metastatic potential is of high value. Activation of TERT has been associated with a number of malignant tumors, including PC/PGL. However, the mechanism of TERT activation in the majority of PC/PGL remains unclear. As TERT promoter mutations occur rarely in PC/PGL, we hypothesized that other mechanisms – such as structural variations – may underlie TERT activation in these tumors. From 35 PC and four PGL, we identified three primary PCs that developed metastases with elevated TERT expression, each of which lacked TERT promoter mutations and promoter DNA methylation. Using whole genome sequencing, we identified somatic structural alterations proximal to the TERT locus in two of these tumors. In both tumors, the genomic rearrangements led to the positioning of super-enhancers proximal to the TERT promoter, that are likely responsible for the activation of the normally tightly repressed TERT expression in chromaffin cells
Dyslipidemia alters sperm maturation and capacitation in LXR-null mice
Authors: Whitfield M , Guiton R , Rispal J , Acar N , Kocer A , Drevet J R , Saez F
Published: October 2017

Lipid metabolism disorders (dyslipidemia) are causes of male infertility, but little is known about their impact on male gametes when considering post-testicular maturation events, given that studies concentrate most often on endocrine dysfunctions and testicular consequences. In this study, three-month-old wild-type (wt) and Liver-X-Receptors knock out (Lxrα;β−/−) males were fed four weeks with a control or a lipid-enriched diet containing 1.25% cholesterol (high cholesterol diet (HCD)). The HCD triggered a dyslipidemia leading to sperm post-testicular alterations and infertility. Sperm lipids were analyzed by LC–MS and those fromLxrα;β−/−males fed the HCD showed higher chol/PL and PC/PE ratios compared towt-HCD (P < 0.05) and lower oxysterol contents compared to wt (P < 0.05) orLxrα;β−/−(P < 0.05). These modifications impaired membrane-associated events triggering the tyrosine phosphorylation normally occurring during the capacitation process, as shown by phosphotyrosine Western blots. Using flow cytometry, we showed that a smaller subpopulation of spermatozoa fromLxrα;β−/−-HCD males could raise their membrane fluidity during capacitation (P < 0.05 vswtorwt-HCD) as well as their intracellular calcium concentration (P < 0.05 vsLxrα;β−/−andP < 0.001 vswt). The accumulation of the major sperm calcium efflux pump (PMCA4) was decreased inLxrα;β−/−males fed the HCD (P < 0.05 vsLxrα;β−/−andP < 0.001 vswt). This study is the first showing an impact of dyslipidemia on post-testicular sperm maturation with consequences on the capacitation signaling cascade. It may lead to the identification of fertility prognostic markers in this pathophysiological situation, which could help clinicians to better understand male infertilities which are thus far classified as idiopathic.
Clusterin in the mouse epididymis: possible roles in sperm maturation and capacitation
Authors: Saewu Arpornrad , Kadunganattil Suraj , Raghupathy Riya , Kongmanas Kessiri , Diaz-Astudillo Pamela , Hermo Louis , Tanphaichitr Nongnuj
Published: October 2017

Clusterin (CLU) is known as an extracellular chaperone for proteins under stress, thus preventing them from aggregation and precipitation. We showed herein that CLU, expressed by principal cells of the mouse caput epididymis, was present in high amounts in the lumen. In the cauda epididymis, CLU bound tightly to the sperm head surface and its amount on total sperm was similar to that in the bathing luminal fluid. In both immotile and motile caudal epididymal sperm, CLU was localized over the entire sperm head except at the convex ridge, although in the motile sperm population, the CLU immunofluorescence pattern was distinctively mottled with a lower intensity. However, when motile sperm became capacitated, CLU was relocalized to the head hook region, with immunofluorescence intensity being higher than that on the non-capacitated counterparts. Under a slightly acidic pH of the epididymal lumen, CLU may chaperone some luminal proteins and deliver them onto the sperm surface. Immunoprecipitation of epididymal fluid proteins indicated that CLU interacted with SED1, an important egg-binding protein present in a high amount in the epididymal lumen. In a number of non-capacitated sperm, fractions of SED1 and CLU co-localized, but after capacitation, SED1 and CLU dissociated from one another. While CLU moved to the sperm head hook, SED1 translocated to the head convex ridge, the egg-binding site. Overall, CLU localization patterns can serve as biomarkers of immotile sperm, and non-capacitated and capacitated sperm in mice. The chaperone role of CLU may also be important for sperm maturation and capacitation.
Reciprocal Genetics: Identifying QTL for General and Specific Combining Abilities in Hybrids Between Multiparental Populations from Two Maize (Zea maysL.) Heterotic Groups
Authors: Giraud Héloïse , Bauland Cyril , Falque Matthieu , Madur Delphine , Combes Valérie , Jamin Philippe , Monteil Cécile , Laborde Jacques , Palaffre Carine , Gaillard Antoine , Blanchard Philippe , Charcosset Alain , Moreau Laurence
Published: October 2017

Understanding genetic architecture of hybrid performances is important for species showing heterosis. Giraud et al. evaluated an...

Several plant and animal species of agricultural importance are commercialized as hybrids to take advantage of the heterosis phenomenon. Understanding the genetic architecture of hybrid performances is therefore of key importance. We developed two multiparental maize (Zea mays L.) populations, each corresponding to an important heterotic group (dent or flint) and comprised of six connected biparental segregating populations of inbred lines (802 and 822 lines for each group, respectively) issued from four founder lines. Instead of using “testers” to evaluate their hybrid values, segregating lines were crossed according to an incomplete factorial design to produce 951 dent–flint hybrids, evaluated for four biomass production traits in eight environments. QTL detection was carried out for the general-combining-ability (GCA) and specific-combining-ability (SCA) components of hybrid value, considering allelic effects transmitted from each founder line. In total, 42 QTL were detected across traits. We detected mostly QTL affecting GCA, 31% (41% for dry matter yield) of which also had mild effects on SCA. The small impact of dominant effects is consistent with the known differentiation between the dent and flint heterotic groups and the small percentage of hybrid variance due to SCA observed in our design (∼20% for the different traits). Furthermore, most (80%) of GCA QTL were segregating in only one of the two heterotic groups. Relative to tester-based designs, use of hybrids between two multiparental populations appears highly cost efficient to detect QTL in two heterotic groups simultaneously. This presents new prospects for selecting superior hybrid combinations with markers.
Preventive Care Use Among Justice-Involved and Non–Justice-Involved Youth
Authors: Aalsma Matthew C. , Anderson Valerie R. , Schwartz Katherine , Ouyang Fangqian , Tu Wanzhu , Rosenman Marc B. , Wiehe Sarah E.
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Youth involved in the juvenile justice system (ie, arrested youth) are at risk for health problems. Although increasing preventive care use by justice-involved youth (JIY) is 1 approach to improving their well-being, little is known about their access to and use of care. The objective of this study was to determine how rates of well-child (WC) and emergency department visits, as well as public insurance enrollment continuity, differed between youth involved in the justice system and youth who have never been in the system. We hypothesized that JIY would exhibit less frequent WC and more frequent emergency service use than non–justice-involved youth (NJIY).

METHODS:

This was a retrospective cohort study of administrative medical and criminal records of all youth (ages 12–18) enrolled in Medicaid in Marion County, Indiana, between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2011.

RESULTS:

The sample included 88 647 youth; 20 668 (23%) were involved in the justice system. JIY had lower use rates of WC visits and higher use rates of emergency services in comparison with NJIY. JIY had more and longer gaps in Medicaid coverage compared with NJIY. For all youth sampled, both preventive and emergency services use varied significantly by Medicaid enrollment continuity.

CONCLUSIONS:

JIY experience more and longer gaps in Medicaid coverage, and rely more on emergency services than NJIY. Medicaid enrollment continuity was associated with differences in WC and emergency service use among JIY, with policy implications for improving preventive care for these vulnerable youth.
Emergency Department and Hospital Use Among Adolescents With Justice System Involvement
Authors: Winkelman Tyler N.A. , Genao Inginia , Wildeman Christopher , Wang Emily A.
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVES:

Adolescents with justice system involvement have high rates of physical and behavioral health disorders and are potentially high users of costly health care services. We examined emergency department (ED) and hospital use among a national sample of adolescents with various levels of justice involvement.

METHODS:

Cross-sectional analysis using the 2009 to 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. We included adolescents aged 12 to 17 and used multivariable logistic and negative binomial regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic and health differences, to compare ED and hospital use among adolescents with and without justice involvement.

RESULTS:

Our sample included 1375 adolescents with past year arrest, 2450 with past year probation or parole, 1324 with past year juvenile detention, and 97 976 without past year justice involvement. In adjusted analyses, adolescents with any justice system involvement, compared to those without, were more likely to have used the ED (38.5%–39.5% vs 31.0%; P < .001) or been hospitalized in the past 12 months (7.1%–8.8% vs 4.8%; P < .01). After adjustment, adolescents with justice involvement also had more ED visits per 100 person-years (77.7–92.9 vs 62.8; P < .01) and hospital nights per 100 person-years (43.3–53.7 vs 18.0; P < .01). Use was highest among adolescents with justice involvement who reported fair or poor health, an illicit drug use disorder, or a mood disorder.

CONCLUSIONS:

Adolescents with justice involvement had substantially higher rates of ED and hospital use. Providing comprehensive support services to adolescents with justice involvement may improve health care use patterns and reduce health care spending.
Performing and Interpreting Fractional Flow Reserve Measurements in Clinical Practice: An Expert Consensus Document
Authors: Achenbach Stephan ,   Department of Cardiology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany, Rudolph Tanja ,   Department of Internal Medicine 3, University Hospital, Cologne, Germany, Rieber Johannes ,   Heart Centre, Municipal Hospitals of Munich, Munich, Germany, Eggebrecht Holger ,   Cardio-Angiologic Centre Bethanien (CCB), Frankfurt, Germany, Richardt Gert ,   Heart Centre Segeberg, Segeberg, Germany, Schmitz Thomas ,   Contilia Heart and Vascular Centre, Essen, Germany, Werner Nikos ,   Department of Internal Medicine 2, University Hospital, Bonn, Germany, Boenner Florian ,   Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, D�sseldorf, Germany, Möllmann Helge ,   Department of Cardiology, St Johannes Hospital, Dortmund, Germany
Published: October 2017

Fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements can determine the haemodynamic relevance of coronary artery stenoses. Current guidelines recommend their use in lesions in the absence of non-invasive proof of ischaemia. The prognostic impact of FFR has been evaluated in randomised trials, and it has been shown that revascularisation can be safely deferred if FFR is >0.80, while revascularisation of stenoses with FFR values ≤0.80 results in significantly lower event rates compared to medical treatment. Left main stenoses, aorto-ostial lesions, as well as patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and severely-impaired ejection fraction, have been excluded from large, randomised trials. While FFR measurements are relatively straightforward to perform, uncertainty about procedural logistics, as well as data acquisition and interpretation in specific situations, could explain why they are not widely used in clinical practice. We summarise the clinical data in support of FFR measurements, and provide recommendations for performing and interpreting the procedure.
Current State of the Art in Approaches to Saphenous Vein Graft Interventions
Authors: Lee Michael ,   UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Kong Jeremy ,   UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Published: October 2017

Saphenous vein grafts (SVGs), used during coronary artery bypass graft surgery for severe coronary artery disease, are prone to degeneration and occlusion, leading to poor long-term patency compared with arterial grafts. Interventions used to treat SVG disease are susceptible to high rates of periprocedural MI and no-reflow. To minimise complications seen with these interventions, proper stents, embolic protection devices (EPDs) and pharmacological selection are crucial. Regarding stent selection, evidence has demonstrated superiority of drug-eluting stents over bare-metal stents in SVG intervention. The ACCF/AHA/SCA American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions guidelines recommend the use of EPDs during SVG intervention to decrease the risk of periprocedural MI, distal embolisation and no-reflow. The optimal pharmacological treatment for slow or no-reflow remains unclear, but various vasodilators show promise.
Influencia del polimorfismo rs11549465 de HIF-1α en los niveles de hemoglobina y lactato en pacientes de cirugía cardiovascular
Authors: Burgos Mariana , Cabrera Rodrigo
Published: October 2017

Introducción. La anemia perioperatoria es una complicación común de la cirugía cardiovascular. Pacientes con el alelo T del polimorfismo rs11549465 de HIF-1α podrían tener niveles alterados de hemoglobina y lactato antes, durante y después de la cirugía, en comparación con los del ancestral. Esto, por un aumento en la estabilidad de HIF-1α causado por este.Objetivo. Describir la frecuencia del alelo T en pacientes de cirugía cardiovascular programada y su relación con los niveles de hemoglobina y lactato.Materiales y métodos: Se aisló ADN de 84 pacientes de cirugía cardiovascular para genotipificación por secuenciación de Sanger y se recolectaron características demográficas y clínicas.Resultados. La frecuencia del alelo T fue 0.066 (IC95%: 0.037-0.114). No hubo diferencias significativas en los niveles de hemoglobina y lactato preoperatorios, intraoperatorios y posoperatorios entre pacientes con alelo T y aquellos con alelo ancestral.Conclusión. La frecuencia del alelo T fue menor que la esperada, de acuerdo con otros estudios en poblaciones similares de voluntarios sanos y no mostró diferencias significativas con algunas poblaciones asiáticas, ni con un grupo de pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio. Parece que la genotipificación de rs11549465 en pacientes de cirugía cardiovascular no representó un método de estratificación de riesgo de anemia en este grupo.
Pobreza multidimensional y determinantes sociales de la salud. Línea de base para dos comunidades vulnerables.
Authors: Moreno-Gómez Germán Alberto , Duarte-Gómez María Beatriz , Barrientos-Gutiérrez Tonatiuh
Published: October 2017

Introducción. Las políticas y programas del gobierno, orientados a disminuir las inequidades, tienen efectos sociales, económicos e impacto sobre las condiciones de salud; además, suelen carecer de procesos de evaluación que midan el impacto de sus intervenciones. Por lo tanto, este estudio plantea una línea de base del índice de pobreza multidimensional (IPM) en dos comunidades vulnerables, que permitirá evaluar, con posterioridad, el impacto del desarrollo en una zona franca.Materiales y métodos. El diseño del estudio fue observacional, descriptivo y transversal, a fin de establecer la línea de base de determinantes sociales de la salud, contenidos en el IPM y el efecto potencial de la intervención sobre las variables y dimensiones del IPM en dos corregimientos, antes del desarrollo de una zona franca.Resultados. Los hallazgos muestran las condiciones de vida precarias y de inequidad de las dos poblaciones, sobre todo en la dimensión educativa, los derechos de la población infantil y las condiciones de la vivienda. Las variables que mejor explican la pobreza son el analfabetismo, el rezago escolar y los pisos de tierra sobre los que es inadecuado habitar. La prevalencia de pobreza en Caimalito (80.9%) y Puerto Caldas (66.5%) supera la general de Colombia (24.8%) y de la región central (26.1%). Asimismo, la incidencia ajustada de pobreza en Caimalito (20.1%) y Puerto Caldas (18.5%) son mayores que la de Colombia (13%).Conclusión. Es necesario modificar variables del índice que no discriminen hogares pobres. La simulación de intervenciones aisladas tienen poco o ningún efecto en la reducción de la pobreza.
La autoeficacia en el post-infarto
Authors: Medina-Garzón Mauricio , Rubiano Yuriam Lida
Published: October 2017

Introducción. Después de un infarto agudo de miocardio, los pacientes experimentan altos niveles de estrés emocional y ansiedad. Estas percepciones limitan sus comportamientos saludables.Objetivo. Determinar el nivel de autoeficacia general en pacientes post-infarto agudo de miocardio según la edad, género, estado de rehabilitación y atención en una unidad de cardiología en Girardot.Materiales y métodos. Investigación descriptiva, evaluada a través de la Escala general de autoeficacia versión ll, en una población de 149 personas entre los 35 y 65 años. Para el análisis estadístico de los resultados se utilizaron medidas estadísticas descriptivas y pruebas de correlación.Resultados. La edad de los participantes tuvo una media de 52 años. El análisis de la autoeficacia por grupo de edad evidenció incidencia mínima de la autoeficacia en el grupo de edad. Según el género, los hombres se percibieron más autoeﬁcaces que las mujeres. Además, los pacientes que no asistieron a la rehabilitación cardíaca tuvieron un nivel de autoeficacia general ligeramente mayor en comparación con los rehabilitados.Conclusiones. No hubo relación entre la edad, el género y la rehabilitación frente al nivel de autoeficacia. Estas variables dependieron de otras diferentes a las del estudio.
Sleep quality perception and romantic relationships in university students: cross-sectional study
Authors: Talero-Gutierrez Claudia , Durán-Torres Felipe , Ibañez-Pinilla Milciades , Perez-Olmos Isabel , Echeverria-Palacio Carlos Mario
Published: October 2017

Introducción. El sueño en adolescentes está influenciado de manera especial por los estados emocionales presentes en las relaciones románticas. Esto puede ser determinante en la percepción de calidad del sueño.Objetivo. Evaluar la asociación entre la percepción de la calidad del sueño y las características de las relaciones románticas en estudiantes universitarios adolescentes y adultos jóvenes.Materiales y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal realizado en 443 sujetos. La percepción de calidad del sueño, los estilos de apego, estar en una relación romántica y sus características se determinaron utilizando medidas validadas.Resultados. La percepción de calidad del sueño se determinó utilizando cinco modelos multivariados que incluyeron características estadísticamente significativas de las relaciones románticas. El nivel de satisfacción del individuo con su relación de pareja y la atracción hacia esta se asoció con su nivel de percepción de calidad del sueño (p=0.035). La prevalencia de las relaciones románticas fue del 64% (IC95%: 59.4-68.9). Los que no estaban en una relación experimentaron latencia del sueño significativamente más prolongada (p<0.05).Conclusión. Las relaciones sentimentales románticas y sus características se asocian con la calidad de sueño percibida por los individuos. Estos aspectos pueden ser identificados e intervenidos y ser útiles para los sistemas de apoyo de las instituciones educativas.