bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
مدل‌سازی و ارزیابی مدیریت بهینه مصرف آب در بخش کشاورزی با استفاده از نرم افزار WEAP
Authors: احسان الف‌شاه
Published: September 2023

با توجه به کمبود و محدودیت منابع آبی، استفاده کار آمد از آنها ضروری به نظر می رسد. برای دست‌یابی به مدیریت بهینه شناخت وضعیت این منابع و برنامه‌ریزی به اساس تغیرات آن‌ها لازم می‌باشد. محدوده مطالعاتی ولسوالی انجیل در ولایت  هرات با داشتن منابع آب سطحی همچون رودخانه هریرود، به دلیل سو مدیریت و عدم مدیریت بهینه منابع و مصارف آب با کمبود منابع آب در بخش‌های مختلف بخصوص مصارف کشاورزی مواجه است. از این رو در این پژوهش سعی گردید با مدل‌سازی محدوده و اجرای سناریوهای متفاوت راهکارهایی در جهت مدیریت بهینه منابع و مصارف این حوضه آبریز ارائه گردد. هدف از این پژوهش آن است که با بررسی و مدل‌سازی شرایط موجود محدوده مطالعاتی ولسوالی انجیل با استفاده از نرم‌افزار (WEAP ) و همچنین اجرای سناریوهای مختلفی همچون سناریو افزایش 15 درصدی راندمان کشاورزی (S1)، تغییر الگوی کشت منطقه مورد مطالعه (S2)، ارزیابی اثرات تغییر اقلیم بر منابع آب سطحی و تامین نیازها (S3) و بررسی توام اثر تغییر اقلیم و تغییر الگوی کشت در منطقه مورد مطالعه (S4) در شرایط فعلی و آینده (سال 2030) به بررسی تأمین و یا عدم تأمین مصارف محدوده بپردازد. برای رسیدن به این هدف در این پژوهش در گام اول به بررسی مدل‌های اقلیمی متفاوت پرداخته شد. از بین مدل‌های مورد بررسی (GFDL- ESM2M، IPSL-CM5A-LR و CSIRO-MK3.6) مدل اقلیمی CSIRO-MK3.6 به عنوان مدل منتخب این پژوهش برای شبیه‌سازی پارامترهای دمای حداکثر و حداقل و پارامتر بارش طی دوره آماری 2021-2030 انتخاب گردید. با پیش‌بینی دما و بارش برای دوره آتی، به کمک مدل بارش رواناب IHACRES رواناب دوره آتی شبیه‌سازی گردید. خروجی مدل IHACRES به عنوان دبی رودخانه هریرود طی سال‌های 2021-2030 وارد مدل برنامه‌ریزی و مدیریت جامع منابع آب (WEAP) گردید. نتایج شبیه‌سازی پارامترهای بارش و دمای حداقل و حداکثر برای دوره آتی مشخص کرد که میانگین ماهانه دما به نسبت دوره پایه (1986-2005) افزایشی می‌باشد (داده‌های تاریخی مدل‌های اقلیمی تا سال 2005 موجود می‌باشند) و پارامتر بارش نیز از روند خاصی پیروی نکرده و در بعضی ماه‌ها افزایش و در برخی موارد نیز کاهش می‌یابد. پیش‌بینی رواناب نیز نشان داد که الگوی خاصی برای ماه‌های مختلف وجود ندارد ولی در مجموع مقدار رواناب برای دوره آتی کاهش می-یابد. نتایج اجرای سناریوهای S1، S2، S3 و S4 در مدل WEAP نشان داد که افزایش راندمان کشاورزی می‌تواند اثرگذار باشد اما نیاز به یک مدیریت جامع و بهینه در منابع و مصارف این محدوده می‌باشد. سناریوی S2 نشان داد می‌توان با تغییر الگوی کشت حاضر به الگوی کشت بهینه پیشنهاد شده که همراه با افزایش راندمان نیز می‌باشد، نیازهای محدوده ولسوالی انجیل را تا حد زیادی تامین کرد. همچنین نتایج اجرای سناریوهای S3 و S4 نشان داد که بحث تغییر اقلیم در آینده می‌تواند بر روی تامین مصارف شرب و کشاورزی این محدوده اثر منفی داشته باشد.
شبیه‌سازی کمی آب‌های زیرزمینی شهر هرات با استفاده از مدل MODFLOW
Authors: تیموری نظام‌الدین
Published: September 2023

شهر هرات در جنوب غرب افغانستان موقعیت دارد. این شهر یکی از بزرگترین و مهم ترین شهرهای افغانستان می‌باشد که تقریبا یک میلیون نفوس را در خود جای‌داده است. شهر هرات از جمله مناطق نیم‌خشک محسوب شده و متوسط بارندگی در این شهر 200 میلی متر در سال می‌باشد. منابع آب سطحی هرات عمدتا شامل سه رودخانه که از داخل شهر می‌گذرد می‌شود. جهت جریان آب زیرزمینی نیز با توجه به خطوط هم پتاسیل از شمال شرق به طرف جنوب غرب شهر می‌باشد. نظر به اطلاعات دست یافته سطح آب در سال‌های اخیر افت چشم‌گیری در این ناحیه داشته. به منظور شناخت دقیق‌تر آبخوان از نظر هیدروژیولوژیکی و بهره‌برداری بهینه از منابع آب‌های زیرزمینی، مدل ریاضی آبخوان شهر هرات با استفاده از مدل MODFLOW تهیه شده است. در ابتدا اطلاعات مورد نیاز شامل اطلاعات هواشناسی، هیدرولوژی، هیدروژیولوژی و سایر اطلاعات صحرایی و مورد نیاز گردآوری شده و سپس با استفاده از اطلاعات دست داشته مدل مفهومی اولیه دشت تهیه شد. در این مرحله با استفاده از نرم افزار GIS اطلاعاتی در خصوص ضخامت آبرفت، شرایط مرزی مانند نقشه توپوگرافی، اطلاعات بیلان و غیره تهیه گردیده و به مدل ریاضی منطقه مورد نظر وارد شد. این مدل برای سال آبی ۱۳۹۸-۱۳۹۷ با اعمال ۱۲ گام زمانی اجرا شد. هنگامی که مدل برای اولین بار اجرا شد نتایج حاصل از بار محاسباتی و بار مشاهداتی در محدوده قابل قبولی قرار نداشت، از این رو واسنجی مدل برای شرایط ماندگار و غیرماندگار به صورت دستی انجام شد.
Thomas Pangle’s Neo-Epicurean Reading of Aristotle’s Biology
Authors: Andreacchio Marco
Published: September 2023

In his 2020 reading of Aristotle’s biology, “A Synoptic Introduction to the Ontological Background of Aristotle’s Political Theory,” Thomas L. Pangle (2020) speaks de facto on behalf of contemporary Neo-Epicureanism. For Pangle reads Aristotle by way of advancing the cause of an Epicurean use of Plato. Proposing to liberate Aristotle from a 2,400 year-old Platonic tradition having allegedly unduly minimized the importance of biology in understanding both ontology and politics, Pangle argues for fundamental compatibility between the Stagirite and Darwinian evolutionism. The present article offers strong reasons to reject Pangle's central contentions.
Mass Shooting Events
Authors: Wilson Dwight
Published: September 2023

In 1999 the United States experienced its first mass shooting at a public school and later at a church in Texas. It sparked renewed interest in gun control. Our response and the response of law enforcement has changed to protect the citizens. A new vocabulary including mass shooting and the active shooter. These new events are increasing at an alarming rate in our nation. The response has been slow and the solutions even slower. In this article we look at the problem, the response, and some possible solutions. However, the questions of motivation, and prevention remain.
Theory of Social Change in Post-Soviet Ukrainian Society
Authors: Skvorets Vladimir
Published: September 2023

The significance of the issue lies in the observation that the experience of implementing neoliberal market reforms during the 1990s in Ukraine reveals that disregarding the contributions of Ukrainian scholars led to detrimental consequences for socio-economic transformations. This study focuses on the theories of social change developed by Ukrainian scholars. The aim of this article is to consolidate and structure the concepts put forth by Ukrainian scholars that contribute to the theory of social change within post-Soviet Ukrainian society. The methodology employed to examine the theory of social change in the context of post-Soviet Ukrainian society encompasses systematic, logical, historical, dialectical, and civilizational approaches and techniques. The findings of the research indicate that the theory of social change necessitates an interdisciplinary methodology. The primary criterion for evaluating the nature of social change is its orientation toward upholding societal cohesion. The emergence of crisis phenomena that present challenges to society serves as an indicator of social change. An essential element in understanding social change is an awareness of the socio-cultural distinctiveness of a given society. Effective management of social processes relies on the integration of theoretical principles with practical applications. Several domains have emerged in the evolution of the theory of social change within post-Soviet Ukrainian society, including economic, demographic, civilizational, political, and security-oriented aspects. An analysis of indigenous concepts of social change within post-Soviet Ukrainian society highlights certain characteristics. Ukrainian social researchers consistently grapple with the task of constructing a comprehensive perspective on Ukrainian society. Amidst the multitude of social changes, a central issue pertaining to various concepts of social change has gradually arisen—the examination of the trajectory that society follows. Notably, a significant portion of scholars, predominantly economists, have regarded the economy as the primary determinant shaping the nature of social change. The practical significance of these findings resides in the synthesis and organization of the concepts formulated by Ukrainian scholars, which contribute to the framework of the theory of social change in the context of post-Soviet Ukrainian society.
Hombre, claro…: A Reflection on Narcissism in Spanish Culture
Authors: Conrod Frederic
Published: September 2023

Cultural Narcissism is a phenomenon that has been prevalent in Spain for centuries, and it has been reflected in the country’s literature and film. This narcissism is often characterized by an excessive focus on one’s culture, traditions, and a way of life based on elevating the motherland above all. As it would for an individual, this cultural psychological condition leads to a lack of clarity, a tendency to lie and exaggerate in social communication, a sense of superiority in the value system, and the idealization of certain cultural figures. One of these most prominent figures in Spain is the “sacrificial mother” largely inspired by the Holy Virgin, who is often idolized and placed on a pedestal in literature and film. In the works of famous Spanish authors such as Miguel de Cervantes and Federico García Lorca, the mother figure is often portrayed as a symbol of life, safety, and comfort, but also the very source of all narcissistic behaviors. They are the embodiment of Spanish culture, and their roles as mothers are celebrated and revered. Spanish film has also reflected this idealization of the mother figure often assimilated with the motherland. In films such as All About My Mother by Pedro Almodóvar, the mother is the central figure, and her role as the nurturer and protector is highlighted.
Increasing the Reliability of Existing Retaining Walls
Authors:   Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education, IN Ulianov Chuvash State University, 15, Moskovskiy pr., 428015, Cheboksary, Russian Federation, Sergeevich Sokolov Nikolai
Published: September 2023

The problem of increasing the bearing capacity of foundations is always an urgent problem in modern geotechnical construction. With additional increased external loads on existing retaining structures, the use of traditional technologies to ensure their stability is not always justified. Often there is an urgent need to use non-standard methods of strengthening the bases. There are frequent cases of using existingretaining reinforced concrete structures for new additional loads from newly built objects. In such cases, the use of EDT bored piles allows solving complex geotechnical problems associated with the possible strengthening of overloaded foundations.
The Effect of Using Listen Read Discuss (LRD) Strategy to Improve Students Reading Compehension on Narrative Text at Tenth Grade SMA Negeri 5 Bungo
Authors: Dodi Widia Nanda  , Riyadi Saputra  , Melia Rosa
Published: September 2023

The aimed of this study was to determine the effect of using Listen Read Discuss (LRD) strategy to improve students reading comprehension on narrative text at tenth grade SMA Negeri 5 Bungo. There were some problems in this research. First, the students lack of vocabulary. Second, the students lack motivated to read. Third, the students difficult to get main idea in reading comprehension.The population of this research were 88 students. The sampling technique in this research used purposive sampling. The sample of this research X IPA 1 as the experimental class consists of 29 students, and X IPA 2 as the control class consists of 29 students. This research used a quasi-experimental design. The data collection technique was taken by giving pre-test and post-test in the form of a multiple choice of 20 questions. Data analysis techniques to improve students reading comprehension used descriptive statistics, normality test and homogeneity test, hypothesis test with independent sample t-test, and N-Gain scores.The results of the independent sample t-test showed that the significance level was 0.000 < 0.05. The mean score of N-Gain for experimental class is 0.52 included in the medium category and the mean score of N-Gain for the control class is 0.19 included in the low category. It means that Ha was accepted while Ho was rejected. It be concluded the Listen Read Discuss (LRD) strategy was effective to improve students reading comprehension on narrative text at tenth grade SMA Negeri 5 Bungo.
The Analysis of Students' Learning Difficulties in Online Learning Activities during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Samsul  , Burhan Kristian , Wati Lesma , Wahyu
Published: September 2023

This study aims to describe of students’ difficulty in online learning during the Covid -19 pandemic. The research was conducted in SD KEMALA BHAYANGKARI 1 oadag utara by applying descriptive qualitative. Instrument of the research included questionnaire (Guttman scale) and interview. The respondents of the research consist of 9 students. The result of the research shows 1) the average of questionnaire was 68.83 (difficult category) and 2) based the interview, the difficulty in online learning during the Covid -  19 pandemic which included students did not have handphone, the internet network is not smooth, and internet quota was not adequate.
The Training of Reading Beam Notations on Pranada Lines for Children in the Community Reading Park
Authors: Syaida Oktira Yona , Efendi Nofriza
Published: September 2023

Block notation is one of the elements in music.  Creativity in singing needs to be trained from an early age, with interest and talent, creativity is also very influential with experience.  The purpose of this community service implementation is to provide training to read block notation on the rhyme line for children at the community reading park (TBM) in order to children are accustomed to seeing block notation from an early age, students are able to differentiate the tone "do" to tone "re" to tone  "mi" and so on, so it is not new thing for students to see the notation of blocks on the sheet music.  The implementation method of this community service using the lecture method, demonstration method and practice (data is in qualitative form with descriptive methods) by describing the data in detail and in detail in accordance with the implementation of community service activities.  This training explains the shape of block notation, symbols in music, the symbol functions to determine the high and low of the voice, beam notation is divided into 3 parts consisting of flags, stems, and notation heads.  Furthermore , it provides training on the value, shape and location of the beat on the line.  From this community service activity, the authors got the results, namely: 1) adding knowledge to students in the form of block notation, 2) students being able to read block notation with slash lines and distinguishing the shape and location of tones on the rhyme line, 3) developing interest and  students’ talent to appear in front of their friends to sing, 4) students are able to make block notation well, 5) this training produces students who are able to practice solfegio exercises well, 6) this training is participated by elementary school students  consists of low class and high class.
The Analysis of the Effect of Online Learning Management During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Febriani Yunita
Published: September 2023

The learning process during the pandemic is different from before where the implementation is carried out virtually or called online as the most appropriate way to break the chain of covid-19. Each agency or individual must be able to make the right management so that the learning process can be appropriate even though it is online. The study aims to find out how to manage education and learning online or at the student level when the pandemic was running. The study applied the literature study method. Through the literature study method, the author concludes that although online learning has a positive effect on educators and students in the learning process using appropriate learning management
LA VERDAD EN EL AULA. UNA APROXIMACIÓN TEÓRICA
Authors:   Revista Digital de Educación Discimus, Avendaño Rondon Leonardo
Published: September 2023

This paper delves into the theoretical analysis and delimitation of the doctoral research titled: "Does the school embrace the truth?: Tensions, opportunities, and challenges faced by teachers in high-conflict rural areas of Colombia during the implementation of pedagogical strategies centered on truth". The document provides an in-depth exploration of theoretical challenges based on the debate around the category of "truth", especially in rural schools that have endured the devastating consequences of armed violence in Colombia. Throughout the text, diverse perspectives are incorporated, and the notion of memory and truth is critically examined.
EL PAYASO Y LA RISA, UN CAMINO DE APRENDIZAJES SENSIBLES: EL USO DEL PAYASO
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Buendía Gutiérrez Belén
Published: September 2023

This article is about the use of clowning and comedy as tools for learning in a sensitive way. It mentions that the clown is not just a character, but a way of life that allows artists to undress and expose their weaknesses and flaws in an intimate and revealing way. The aim of this is not just for show, but to create a relationship of exchange in which laughter acts as a catalyst. It then addresses the differences between laughter and comedy, and how the clown uses both tools to connect with the audience and establish a two-way dialogue in which laughter is the link that builds the connection. The methodology used by LUME Teatro, a Brazilian theatrical group, for teaching the techniques associated with clowning and physical comedy is then analyzed. In conclusion, the importance of these techniques will be discussed, not only in the teaching of comical practices, but fundamentally they help to create a stronger connection between the student and his own learning process, understanding the value of the error from a space of joy that is capable of generating new experiences that provoke teachings. Key words: Clown, theater, learning, encounter and relationship.
Redaktionelt forord
Authors: Hede Anders
Published: September 2023

Velkommen til dette temanummer af Samfundsøkonomen om mental sundhed og økonomi. Temanummeret præsenterer en række forskellige perspektiver, der understreger at psykiske sygdomme har store konsekvenser både for samfundet og for den enkelte. I modsætning til somatisk sygdom, der i dagens samfund først og fremmest rammer ældre, så rammer langt de fl este psykiske sygdomme tidligt i livsforløbet.
Kilder til kinesisk vækst fremover
Authors: Stubbe Østergaard Clemens
Published: September 2023

Hvilke drivere eller vækstkilder skal Kina leve af de næste tiår? Artiklens bud er infrastrukturudbygning, urbanisering, produktivitetsstigning via forskning, middelklassens og serviceindustriens vækst samt regional integration og de nye eksportmarkeder.
Kinas satsning på viden og innovation som grundlag for vækst
Authors: Lundvall Bengt-Åke
Published: September 2023

Kinas investeringer i forskning er vokset kraftigt siden år 2000, men de har hidtil kun i begrænset omfang givet sig udslag i innovation. Artiklen drøfter på denne baggrund, hvorvidt langtidsplanen 2005-2020, med dens satsning på »selvstændig innovation« og »harmonisk udvikling«, vil kunne skabe grundlag for en ny vækstmodel.
Kinas regionale udvikling: skævheder og ambitioner
Authors: Larsen Kjeld A.
Published: September 2023

Artiklen diskuterer den regionale udvikling i Kina, specielt siden igangsættelsen af de økonomiske reformer i 1978. Det omfattende tabelmateriale, som er udeladt af pladsgrunde, kan ses på Samfundsøkonomens hjemmeside.
Indførelsen af one-stop-shopping – koordination gennem ændringer af den formelle organisering?
Authors: Holm Pedersen Lene
Published: September 2023

I artiklen diskuteres to eksempler på indførelsen af one-stop-shopping under overskriften en indgang til den offentlige sektor. I forlængelse heraf diskuteres ændringer i den formelle organisering som svar på koordinationsproblemer.
Organisatorisk fragmentering, koordination og integration i Europapolitikken
Authors: Marcussen Martin
Published: September 2023

Det europæiske samarbejde er de senere år blevet stadig mere fragmenteret. Øget koordination er et svar på denne udfordring, mens en egentlig integration også finder sted.
Nobelprisen 2011 til Sargent og Sims
Authors: Pedersen Torben Mark
Published: September 2023

De amerikanske økonomer Thomas J. Sargent og Christopher A. Sims blev i 2011 hædret med Nobelprisen i økonomi »for their empirical research on cause and effect in the macroeconomy«. Det er fuldt fortjent, for Sargent og Sims har udviklet de økonometriske metoder, der i dag anvendes overalt i empiriske studier af effekten af økonomisk politik.
Manglende ungdomsuddannelse – årsager og løsninger
Authors: Helms Jørgensen Christian
Published: September 2023

Hvorfor er det så svært at nå den politiske ambition om at få 95 % af de unge til at gennemføre en ungdomsuddannelse – og hvad er erfaringerne med de politiske reformer, som har sigtet på at nedbringe det store frafald i erhvervsuddannelserne?
Ungdomsarbejdsløshed i Sydeuropa: Italien og Spanien
Authors: Olsen Ole Jess
Published: September 2023

Ungdomsarbejdsløsheden i de sydeuropæiske lande har hele tiden været høj, men har fået et dramatisk omfang under den økonomiske krise. De unges problemer med at etablere sig på arbejdsmarkedet skyldes dels et stift arbejdsmarked og dels ringe sammenhæng med uddannelsessystemet.
Finanspolitik og den Økonomiske og Monetære Union
Authors: Andersen Torben M.
Published: September 2023

De fi nanspolitiske regler i ØMU-samarbejdet har ikke fungeret, og dette er en af hovedårsagerne til statsgældskrisen. Med Finanspagten lægges der op til en endnu tættere styring af finanspolitikken, men pagten løser ikke nødvendigvis de fi nanspolitiske styringsproblemer.
Samfundsøkonomiske effekter af offentlige investeringer i forskning og udvikling
Authors: Nørding Christensen Rikke , Hougaard Jensen Svend E.
Published: September 2023

Artiklen viser på basis af en kort litteraturoversigt, at offentlig forskning og udvikling har stor betydning for økonomisk vækst og produktivitet. Transmissionsmekanismen er kompliceret og ofte langstrakt, ligesom der er stor forskel på de videnskabelige hovedområders bidrag til videnspredning.
Transmettre des savoirs stylistiques à des élèves clavecinistes et organistes : l’apport de Bernardo Pasquini (1637–1710)
Authors: Falcone Fabio Antonio
Published: September 2023

De nombreuses sources historiques saluent le style spécifique de jeu et d’accompagnement de Pasquini en le définissant comme « la manière la plus authentique, la plus belle et la plus noble de jouer et d’accompagner » (Gasparini, 1722). Que pouvons-nous déduire de l’analyse de ses ouvrages pédagogiques concernant la construction des savoirs nécessaires à la réalisation d’une improvisation stylistiquement « correcte » ? À travers une analyse didactique du corpus de sources pédagogiques pour clavier de Pasquini, cet article se propose de décrire les objets matériels et symboliques aménagés par le maître afin de favoriser la construction de connaissances stylistiques chez l’élève.
Energy Coupling and Stoichiometry of Zn2+/H+ Antiport by the Cation Diffusion Facilitator YiiP
Authors: Hussein Adel , Fan Shujie , Lopez-Redondo Maria , Kenney Ian , Zhang Xihui , Beckstein Oliver , Stokes David L.
Published: September 2023

YiiP is a prokaryotic Zn
2+
/H
+
antiporter that serves as a model for the Cation Diffusion Facilitator (CDF) superfamily, members of which are generally responsible for homeostasis of transition metal ions. Previous studies of YiiP as well as related CDF transporters have established a homodimeric architecture and the presence of three distinct Zn
2+
binding sites named A, B, and C. In this study, we use cryo-EM, microscale thermophoresis and molecular dynamics simulations to address the structural and functional roles of individual sites as well as the interplay between Zn
2+
binding and protonation. Structural studies indicate that site C in the cytoplasmic domain is primarily responsible for stabilizing the dimer and that site B at the cytoplasmic membrane surface controls the structural transition from an inward facing conformation to an occluded conformation. Binding data show that intramembrane site A, which is directly responsible for transport, has a dramatic pH dependence consistent with coupling to the proton motive force. A comprehensive thermodynamic model encompassing Zn
2+
binding and protonation states of individual residues indicates a transport stoichiometry of 1 Zn
2+
to 2-3 H
+
depending on the external pH. This stoichiometry would be favorable in a physiological context, allowing the cell to use the proton gradient as well as the membrane potential to drive the export of Zn
2+
.
An atypical basement membrane forms a midline barrier during left-right asymmetric gut development in the chicken embryo
Authors: Demler Cora , Lawlor John Coates , Yelin Ronit , Llivichuzcha-Loja Dhana , Shaulov Lihi , Kim David , Stewart Megan , Lee Frank , Shylo Natalia A , Trainor Paul A , Schultheiss Thomas , Kurpios Natasza A
Published: September 2023

Correct intestinal morphogenesis depends on the early embryonic process of gut rotation, an evolutionarily conserved program in which a straight gut tube elongates and forms into its first loops. However, the gut tube requires guidance to loop in a reproducible manner. The dorsal mesentery (DM) connects the gut tube to the body and directs the lengthening gut into stereotypical loops via left-right (LR) asymmetric cellular and extracellular behavior. The LR asymmetry of the DM also governs blood and lymphatic vessel formation for the digestive tract, which is essential for prenatal organ development and postnatal vital functions including nutrient absorption. Although the genetic LR asymmetry of the DM has been extensively studied, a divider between the left and right DM has yet to be identified. Setting up LR asymmetry for the entire body requires a
Lefty1
+ midline barrier to separate the two sides of the embryo, without it, embryos have lethal or congenital LR patterning defects. Individual organs including the brain, heart, and gut also have LR asymmetry, and while the consequences of left and right signals mixing are severe or even lethal, organ-specific mechanisms for separating these signals are poorly understood. Here, we uncover a midline structure composed of a transient double basement membrane, which separates the left and right halves of the embryonic chick DM during the establishment of intestinal and vascular asymmetries. Unlike other basement membranes of the DM, the midline is resistant to disruption by intercalation of Netrin4 (Ntn4). We propose that this atypical midline forms the boundary between left and right sides and functions as a barrier necessary to establish and protect organ asymmetry.
Gas depletion inside the dust gaps in the HD163296 protoplanetary disk
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Astrofísica, Soto Martínez Daniela del Carmen
Published: September 2023

The main objective of this work is to study the gas distribution, traced by the emission lines produced by the abundance of molecules presents in the gas, detected in millimeter waves, in the protoplanetary disk of the young star HD 163296, which have a big disk and clear rings around it. We research for the distribution of the gas emission, using ALMA data measured in the cycle 6, through several different sources. More specifically we are looking for resolve the gas structure based on 12CO, 13CO and C18O molecular line emission, to determine their distribution on the disk and how they participate in the planets formation process. As a summary of what the reader can found in the body of this work, it start with the introduction - in 1 - about what are the protoplanetary disks, the interest in the chemistry to study how the planet can be form. To continue in 2, with the description of the observation and data reduction techniques used to clean data and get the images. Then, we present method implemented to estimate the gas density in the 3, and the results in 4. Discussion and analysis of results in 5, and finally a summary with main results extracted of our work in 6.
Evaluación de la experiencia de aprendizaje de estudiantes de psicología en relación a un material audiovisual de evaluación de riesgo y plan de seguridad
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Psicología, Araya Lira María Jesús
Published: September 2023

A nivel mundial no existiría consenso respecto de los métodos y contenidos más efectivos al momento de formar psicoterapeutas (Boswell et al., 2020), por lo que la formación deriva en una práctica inconsistente que depende del currículo de cada casa de estudio (De la Parra et al., 2019; Koddebusch y Hermann, 2018; Kourgiantakis, 2020). La falta de métodos claros, así como los desafíos para la enseñanza luego de la pandemia por Covid-19, traen consigo la oportunidad de diseñar nuevas prácticas en los procesos de formación. Lo anterior es lo que busca la plataforma digital “HAP - Habilidades Aplicadas Psicoterapéuticas”, proyecto que proporciona material de formación en formato audiovisual por medio de la metodología de paciente simulado junto a la exposición teórica. Su propósito es cubrir una serie de temas relevantes a nivel de intervención dentro del setting psicoterapéutico. Dentro del material disponible, se encuentra una cápsula de video cuya intención es desarrollar competencias respecto de la evaluación de riesgo suicida y plan de seguridad. La alta prevalencia de suicidios en Chile hace muy relevante este contenido, y por tanto, la importancia que tienen los conocimientos de un psicólogo clínico en la identificación, manejo, tratamiento y prevención de conductas de riesgo suicida.
¿Cómo se caracteriza la dimensión afectiva en el desarrollo del pensamiento epistémico?: un análisis desde la experiencia de las prácticas artísticas
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Psicología, Henríquez Pino Catalina
Published: September 2023

El presente proyecto busca ahondar en la comprensión del desarrollo de la cognición epistémica en docentes en formación, a través de focalizar la atención en la dimensión afectiva del fenómeno. Si bien esta dimensión ha sido abordada en la literatura al describir las emociones vinculadas al proceso de aprender y su relación con el pensamiento o cognición epistémica (Muis et al., 2018) no se ha profundizado en las condiciones que posibilitan el desarrollo de los procesos afectivos que constituyen niveles más sofisticados de cognición epistémica. Para este fin se considera la propuesta de Vygostki sobre el arte como técnica social de las emociones, lectura enfatizada por Larraín y Haye (2020). De esta manera el objetivo del presente proyecto consistió en caracterizar las prácticas artísticas como dispositivos de desarrollo de la afectividad con el fin de establecer qué elementos y características de éstas prácticas, y del desarrollo de la afectividad, están presentes en un espacio de aprendizaje que mostró tener efectos en el desarrollo de la cognición epistémica (Sebastián et al., 2019). Para esto se generó un mapa de conjeturas que luego fue utilizado para analizar 5 sesiones videograbadas del curso “Creencias sobre el conocimiento y el aprendizaje en el contexto de la enseñanza”. El ejercicio realizado permitió constatar aspectos en común y diferencias entre ambos espacios. Si bien se requiere seguir profundizando en la hipótesis que sostiene la tesis con metodologías que puedan avanzar en superar las limitaciones detectadas en este estudio, esta primera aproximación permite observar elementos que pueden intencionarse con mayor énfasis en el diseño de espacios de enseñanza-aprendizaje que busquen promover cognición epistémica.
Construcción del aprendizaje mediante proyectos de robótica con enfoque STEAM en estudiantes de ingeniería en computación
Authors: Pérez Marco Alberto Mendoza , Pérez Claudia Mendoza , Ibarra José Ramon Silverio García , Landin Cristina Juárez
Published: September 2023

El presente artículo de investigación muestra el impacto y alcance que tiene el Aprendizaje Mediante Proyectos (AMP) de Robótica con el enfoque o aprendizaje Ciencia, Tecnología, Ingeniería, Artes y Matemáticas (STEAM, siglas en idioma inglés) en los estudiantes que cursan de forma presencial las asignaturas de Fundamentos de Robótica y Robótica Avanzada, que pertenecen al Plan de Estudios por Competencias de la carrera de Ingeniería en Computación del Centro Universitario (CU) Valle de Chalco perteneciente a la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEMex). Para las asignaturas anteriores, se utilizó la metodología didáctica de AMP como estrategia de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la robótica con enfoque STEAM por medio de la elaboración de las Planeaciones y Secuencias Didácticas, que van desde la demostración y capacitación en el manejo físico de los robots comerciales (Bioloid Premium, Darwin Op y Nao H25), hasta la realización y exposición de proyectos planteados por parte de los estudiantes; junto con la aplicación de una encuesta de 8 reactivos a un total de 219 estudiantes que manifestaron que con la manipulación física de estos robots, lograron adquirir las siguientes competencias asociadas con el aprendizaje STEAM: iniciativa, autonomía, emprendimiento, comunicación, colaboración, habilidades motrices, destrezas, conocimiento declarativo y procedimental, creatividad, innovación, trabajo bajo presión, capacidad para resolver problemas y tomar decisiones, investigación, redacción de documentos, y pensamiento crítico, científico, lógico, computacional y matemático. Con lo anterior se logró que los estudiantes aprendan robótica sin dañar componentes del robot y al mismo tiempo que adquirieran la capacidad de resolver problemas de la vida real con apoyo de la robótica.
Buprenorphine in the age of fentanyl: How providers choose doses
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: September 2023

The above headline is slightly misleading because most providers don't know how they choose how much buprenorphine to start a patient on. The case is not true for methadone, where all patients get started on the maximum allowed induction dose (40 milligrams). Or at least that. But ADAW asked them anyway, as a follow‐up to our explainer on liquid methadone (see https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.33873).
Study of telehealth opioid treatment shows feasibility of remote testing
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: September 2023

Results of a new observational study suggest that urine drug screening in telehealth‐based treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) is highly feasible and not inherently more prone to unexpected results or tampering than testing conducted in traditional in‐person care. The study's investigators said they think the results support the trend toward relaxing restrictions on the delivery of buprenorphine treatment for OUD.
Most would refer a loved one with addiction to treatment: APA
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: September 2023

A poll conducted by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) last month found that 73% of the 2,201 respondents would refer a loved one with a substance use disorder (SUD) to treatment. The results also showed that 71% would know how to get a friend or family member with an SUD help.
High‐Performance Artificial Ligament Made from Helical Polyester Fibers Wrapped with Aligned Carbon Nanotube Sheets
Authors: Wang Liyuan , Jiang Hongyu , Wan Fang , Sun Hongji , Yang Yiqing , Li Wenjun , Qian Zheyan , Sun Xuemei , Chen Peining , Chen Shiyi , Peng Huisheng
Published: September 2023

Repairing high‐load connective tissues, such as ligaments, by surgically implanting artificial grafts after injury is challenging because they lack biointegration with host bones for stable interfaces. Herein, a high‐performance helical composite fiber (HCF) ligament by wrapping aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) sheets around polyester fibers is proposed. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery shows that HCF grafts could induce effective bone regeneration, thus allowing the narrowing of bone tunnel defects. Such repair of the bone tunnel is in strong contrast to the tunnel enlargement of more than 50% for commercial artificial ligaments made from bare polyester fibers. Rats reconstructed with this HCF ligament show normal jumping, walking, and running without limping. This work allows bone regeneration in vivo through a one‐step surgery without seeding cells or transforming growth factors, thereby opening an avenue for high‐performance artificial tissues.
Near Infrared Emissive Lanthanide Luminescence Nanoparticle Used in Early Diagnosis and Brain Temperature Detection for Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Li Shen‐Jie , Li Fang , Kong Na , Liu Jian‐Ren , Zhu Xingjun
Published: September 2023

Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the most dangerous medical conditions resulting in high mortality and morbidity. The increased brain temperature after IS is closely related to prognosis, making it highly significant for the early diagnosis and the progression evaluation of IS. Herein, a temperature‐responsive near infrared (NIR) emissive lanthanide luminescence nanoparticle is developed for the early diagnosis and brain temperature detection of IS. After intravenous injection, the nanoparticles can pass through the damaged blood–brain barrier of the ischemic region, allowing the extravasation and enrichment of nanoparticles into the ischemic brain tissue. The NIR luminescence signals of the nanoparticles are used not only to judge the location and severity of the cerebral ischemic injury but also to report the brain temperature variation in the ischemic area through a visualized way. The results show that the designed nanoparticles can be used for the early diagnosis of ischemic stroke and minimally invasive temperature detection of cerebral ischemic tissues in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion mice model, which is expected to make the clinical diagnosis of ischemic stroke more rapid and convenient, more accurately evaluate the state of brain injury in stroke patients and also guide stroke hypothermia treatment.
An AND Logic Gate for Magnetic‐Resonance‐Imaging‐Guided Ferroptosis Therapy of Tumors
Authors: Fan Qingdeng , Xiong Wei , Zhou Huimin , Yang Jing , Feng Jie , Li Zongheng , Wu Lihe , Hu Fang , Duan Xiaopin , Li Bo , Fan Junbing , Xu Yikai , Chen Xiaoyuan , Shen Zheyu
Published: September 2023

To improve the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) efficiency and ferroptosis therapy efficacy of exceedingly small magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IO, <5 nm) for tumors via enhancing the sensitivity of tumor microenvironment (TME) responsiveness, inspired by molecular logic gates, a self‐assembled IO with an AND logic gate function is designed and constructed. Typically, cystamine (CA) is conjugated onto the end of poly(2‐methylthio‐ethanol methacrylate) (PMEMA) to generate PMEMA‐CA. The PMEMA‐CA is grafted onto the surface of brequinar (BQR)‐loaded IO to form IO‐BQR@PMEMA. The self‐assembled IO‐BQR@PMEMA (SA‐IO‐BQR@PMEMA) is obtained due to the hydrophobicity of PMEMA. The carbon–sulfur single bond of PMEMA‐CA can be oxidized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the TME to a thio–oxygen double bond, resulting in the conversion from being hydrophobic to hydrophilic. The disulfide bond of PMEMA‐CA can be broken by the glutathione (GSH) in the TME, leading to the shedding of PMEMA from the IO surface. Under the dual actions of ROS and GSH in TME (i.e., AND logic gate), SA‐IO‐BQR@PMEMA can be disassembled to release IO, Fe2+/3+, and BQR. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrate the AND logic gate function and mechanism, the high T1 MRI performance and exceptional ferroptosis therapy efficacy for tumors, and the excellent biosafety of SA‐IO‐BQR@PMEMA.
Micro‐Droplets Parameters Monitoring in a Microfluidic Chip via Liquid‐Solid Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Authors: Liu Wenkai , Li Hengyu , Gao Qi , Zhao Da , Yu Yang , Xiang Qin , Cheng Xiaojun , Wang Zhong Lin , Long Wei , Cheng Tinghai
Published: September 2023

The monitoring of micro‐droplets parameters is significant to the development of droplet microfluidics. However, existing monitoring methods have drawbacks such as high cost, interference with droplet movement, and even the potential for cross‐contamination. Herein, a micro‐droplets monitoring method (MDMM) based on liquid‐solid triboelectric nanogenerator (LS‐TENG) is proposed, which can realize non‐invasive and self‐powered monitoring of micro‐droplets in a microfluidic chip. The droplet frequency is monitored by voltage pulse frequency and a mathematical model is established to monitor the droplet length and velocity. Furthermore, this work constructs micro‐droplets sensor (MDS) based on the MDMM to carry out the experiment. The coefficients of determination (R2) of the fitting curves of the micro‐droplets frequency, length, and velocity monitoring are 0.998, 0.997, and 0.995, respectively. To prove the universal applicability of the MDMM, the micro‐droplets generated by different liquid media and channel structures are monitored. Eventually, a micro‐droplet monitoring system is built, which can realize the counting of micro‐droplets and the monitoring of droplet frequency and length. This work provides a novel approach for monitoring micro‐droplets parameters, which holds the potential to advance developments in the field of microfluidics.
Covalently Functionalized Nanopores for Highly Selective Separation of Monovalent Ions
Authors: Guo Liping , Liu Yuancheng , Zeng Haiou , Zhang Shengping , Song Ruiyang , Yang Jing , Han Xiao , Wang Ying , Wang Luda
Published: September 2023

Biological ion channels possess prominent ion transport performances attributed to their critical chemical groups across the continuous nanoscale filters. However, it is still a challenge to imitate these sophisticated performances in artificial nanoscale systems. Herein, this work develops the strategy to fabricate functionalized graphene nanopores in pioneer based on the synergistic regulation of the pore size and chemical properties of atomically thin confined structure through decoupling etching combined with in situ covalent modification. The modified graphene nanopores possess asymmetric ion transport behaviors and efficient monovalent metal ions sieving (K+/Li+ selectivity ≈48.6). Meanwhile, it also allows preferential transport for cations, the resulting membranes exhibit a K+/Cl− selectivity of 76 and a H+/Cl− selectivity of 59.3. The synergistic effects of steric hindrance and electrostatic interactions imposing a higher energy barrier for Cl− or Li+ across nanopores lead to ultra‐selective H+ or K+ transport. Further, the functionalized graphene nanopores generate a power density of 25.3 W m−2 and a conversion efficiency of 33.9%, showing potential application prospects in energy conversion. The theoretical studies quantitatively match well with the experimental results. The feasible preparation of functionalized graphene nanopores paves the way toward direct investigation on ion transport mechanism and advanced design in devices.
Synergetic Adsorption‐Catalysis in Potassium Oxide Modified High‐Entropy Relaxor Ferroelectrics for Efficient Dye Removal Strategy
Authors: Ye Yi-Chen , Tsai Yun-Wei , Liu Heng-Jui
Published: September 2023

Water scarcity caused by extreme weather events has become a global issue, leading to the necessity of wastewater recycling. Developing new materials with fast pollutant removal efficiency has become a research focus in related fields for producing clean water resources quickly and stably from wastewater. Herein, a relaxor ferroelectric type of piezoelectric high entropy perovskites, Pb(Mg,Nb,Hf,Zr,Ti)O3 (PMNHZT), is used and prepared for industrial dye removal. The synthesized PMNHZT exhibits high dark adsorption of the methylene blue dye (removal efficiency of ≈60% in 30 min) and further catalytic dye degradation (removal efficiency of ≈80–90% in 30 min) through light illumination, sonication, or a combination of both. In the dark adsorption process, K2O compounds from the synthesized environment attached to the surface of PMNHZT play a significant role in the remarkable dark adsorption by promoting a large specific surface area and more negative surface potential. Furthermore, a self‐decomposition of dye into smaller fragments by PMNHZT is also observed during dark adsorption. The piezocatalysis mechanism dominates the dye degradation process in catalytic experiments, where hydroxyl radicals are the main reactive species. Herein, a promising adsorbent and catalyst is disclosed using high‐entropy perovskites for efficient wastewater treatment.
Temperature‐Dependent Photoredox Catalysis for CO2 Reduction Coupled with Selective Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation over ZnIn2S4/In2O3 Heterostructure
Authors: Lei Jian , Yang Hongyuan , Chen Ziliang , Meng Sugang , Zhou Nan , Yang Yang , Menezes Prashanth W.
Published: September 2023

CO2 reduction (CO2RR) with selective benzyl alcohol (BA) oxidation in a single photoredox reaction can simultaneously utilize photogenerated electrons and holes to realize efficient production of fuels and value‐added chemicals. Herein, a unique 2D/1D ZnIn2S4/In2O3 (ZIS/In2O3) heterostructure is developed displaying outstanding performance for photoredox catalysis. As is unequivocally illustrated by various advanced ex situ/in situ characterizations and theoretic calculations, the notable catalytic performances originate from the built‐in interfacial electric field within the ZIS/In2O3 heterostructure, which strongly ameliorates the separation and transport of charge carriers. Remarkably, the catalytic activity can further be boosted after coupling the additional thermal treatments, and the product selectivity is highly temperature dependent. Thereby, the precise formation of targeted products, which can serve as valuable industrial products and fuels can be controlled by changing the reaction temperatures, including obtaining the syngas with different H2/CO ratios from CO2 reduction, as well as benzaldehyde, hydrogenated benzoin, and dibenzyl ether (never reported for BA during photocatalysis) from the BA conversion. This study offers a constructive and inspiring contribution to reasonably developing photoredox catalysts, which can fully utilize photogenerated electrons and holes, as well as demonstrate how to controllably yield the targeted products by coupling thermo‐ and photoredox catalysis.
Testing the reliability and validity of the modified Amsterdam Inventory for Auditory Disability and Handicap in career firefighters in the United States
Authors: Kyung Minjung , Chin Dal Lae , Phelps Stephanie , Hong OiSaeng
Published: September 2023

Background

Firefighters are routinely exposed to loud noise that put them at risk for hearing loss. A reliable and valid measure to assess firefighters' hearing function is important. This study aims to test the reliability and validity of the modified Amsterdam Inventory for Auditory Disability and Handicap ((m)AIADH) in firefighters.

Method

A cross‐sectional study was conducted using a convenience sample of 239 career firefighters from six partnered fire departments in Central Texas and Northern California. The internal consistency, convergent and criterion validity, and the ability to discriminate groups by measured hearing, perceived hearing, and a combination of measured and perceived hearing, were examined using the total score and score for each of the five subscales of the (m)AIADH.

Results

The study participants were primarily men (93%). Satisfactory internal consistency was revealed for the (m)AIADH with Cronbach's alpha above 0.80 for all five subscales. Criterion analysis presented a moderate correlation between the (m)AIADH and the average of hearing threshold at high frequencies (4, 6, and 8 kHz). For convergent validity, the (m)AIADH was moderately to highly related with perceived hearing. There were statistically significant differences in the total (m)AIADH score and the five subscales for measured hearing thresholds except for “intelligibility in quiet.” The (m)AIADH also showed a discriminative ability to distinguish between the group with good perceived hearing and the group with bad perceived hearing.

Conclusion

The (m)AIADH is a reliable and valid measure to assess various dimensions of hearing function among firefighters.