bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motion correction in MR image for analysis of VSRAD using generative adversarial network
Authors: Yoshida Nobukiyo , Kageyama Hajime , Akai Hiroyuki , Yasaka Koichiro , Sugawara Haruto , Okada Yukinori , Kunimatsu Akira
Published: September 2022

Voxel-based specific region analysis systems for Alzheimer’s disease (VSRAD) are clinically used to measure the atrophied hippocampus captured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, motion artifacts during acquisition of images may distort the results of the analysis. This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of the Pix2Pix network in motion correction for the input image of VSRAD analysis. Seventy-three patients examined with MRI were distinguished into the training group (n = 51) and the test group (n = 22). To create artifact images, the k-space images were manipulated. Supervised deep learning was employed to obtain a Pix2Pix that generates motion-corrected images, with artifact images as the input data and original images as the reference data. The results of the VSRAD analysis (severity of voxel of interest (VOI) atrophy, the extent of gray matter (GM) atrophy, and extent of VOI atrophy) were recorded for artifact images and motion-corrected images, and were then compared with the original images. For comparison, the image quality of Pix2Pix generated motion-corrected image was also compared with that of U-Net. The Bland-Altman analysis showed that the mean of the limits of agreement was smaller for the motion-corrected images compared to the artifact images, suggesting successful motion correction by the Pix2Pix. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between original and motion-corrected images were almost perfect for all results (severity of VOI atrophy: 0.87–0.99, extent of GM atrophy: 0.88–00.98, extent of VOI atrophy: 0.90–1.00). Pix2Pix generated motion-corrected images that showed generally improved quantitative and qualitative image qualities compared with the U-net generated motion-corrected images. Our findings suggest that motion correction using Pix2Pix is a useful method for VSRAD analysis.
Athletic trainers’ viewpoints of patient-centered care: Preliminary findings
Authors: Wilson Carly J. , Eberman Lindsey E. , Redinger Ansley S. , Neil Elizabeth R. , Winkelmann Zachary K.
Published: September 2022

The core competency of patient-centered care (PCC) states that for positive patient outcomes, the provider must respect the patient’s views and recognize their experiences. The Athletic Training Strategic Alliance Research Agenda Task Force identified a profession-wide belief that examining the extent to which athletic trainers (ATs) provide PCC in their clinical practice would benefit the profession. To first address this line of inquiry, we must study the subjectivity of how ATs view PCC. This study used Q methodology which is a research design that collects data from participants from a quantitative and qualitative perspective. A total of 115 (males = 62, females = 53, age = 37±10 y, experience = 13±10 y) ATs dispersed between 11 job settings volunteered for this study. Participants were asked to pre-sort (agree, disagree, neutral) 36 validated statements representing the 8 dimensions of PCC, then completed a Q-sort where they dragged-and-dropped the pre-sorted statements based on perceived importance in providing PCC. The Q-sorts were analyzed using QMethod software. A principal component analysis was used to identify statement rankings and factors. Factors were determined by an Eigenvalue > 1 and analyzed using a scree plot. The 6 highest selected statements per factor were assessed to create the distinguishing viewpoints. Two distinguishing viewpoints emerged from the factor analysis of the Q-sorts: 1) the interpersonal connection that valued teamwork, open communication, and respectful care with varied populations; 2) the holistic gatekeeper that valued personal promotion for activities of daily living, self-care, and quality of life. Overall, ATs value patient’s preferences and respect. However, a lack of importance was identified for incorporating the disablement model which is a core competency and adopted framework by the athletic training profession.
Paranormal experiences, sensory-processing sensitivity, and the priming of pareidolia
Authors: Williams Jess M. , Blagrove Mark
Published: September 2022

This investigation tested the effect of priming on pareidolia (the hearing of illusory words in ambiguous stimuli). Participants (41 women, 20 men, mean age 29.95 years) were assigned to primed (n = 30) or unprimed (n = 31) groups: the former were told the study was of ‘purported ghosts voices’, the latter ‘voices in noisy environments.’ Participants were assessed for perception of human voices within recordings of purported electronic voice phenomena (EVP), degraded human speech, normal human speech, and white noise. The primed group had significantly higher perception of voices within EVPs than in degraded speech, this difference was not found for unprimed participants. In contrast to the previous use of this design, the primed group did not have higher perception of voices in EVPs and degraded speech than did the unprimed group. The Aesthetic Sensitivity dimension of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS) was associated with detection of degraded stimuli, but not with accuracy of stimulus identification. HSPS score was related to lifetime reporting of anomalous and paranormal experiences. This study partially replicates a paranormal priming effect and shows relationships between HSPS and detection of ambiguous stimuli and anomalous and paranormal experiences.
The things we do for love: Male Gypsification and heterosexual desire in Una cubana en España/A Cuban Woman in Spain (Bayón Herrera 1951)
Authors: Roldán Eugenio David
Published: September 2022

This article explores the intersection among masculinity, racialization and nationhood inUna cubana en España/A Cuban Woman in Spain(). I examine the figure of Miguel, a White Spaniard who disguises himself as an Andalusian Gypsy to win the love of the Cuban celebrity Blanquita. Miguel seeks to accentuate ‘Gypsy’ stereotypes to hypermasculinize himself, also contributing to dissolving the very rigid limits of White, western masculinity. Andalusian folkloric behaviour provides Miguel with a hint of Blackness, and his ability to pass as White and non-White functions as alegitimationof ‘the other Spain’. This portrays Spain as a culturally conflicted nation, suggesting an inclination to reconcile not only with the formerly colonized but also with ‘the other’ inside each Spaniard. ‘Gypsification’, in conjunction with the characters’ heterosexual union, prompts manners of cultural coexistence with Cuba, as it reconfigures Spanish national identity within a broader transatlantic context.
Introdução. Pensar o Futebol. Contributos a partir dos estudos sobre media, jornalismo e comunicação
Authors: Nolasco Carlos , Pinheiro Francisco
Published: September 2022

Na linha de continuidade do nº 8 da Mediapolis, dedicado ao desporto, abriu-se este novo número aos estudos sobre futebol, na sua interação com os media, o jornalismo e a comunicação.
Foreign Language Teachers’ Knowledge Base and the Influence of Teaching Experience
Authors:   Ferenc Rákóczi II Transcarpathian Hungarian College of Higher Education, Ukraine, Marianna Lőrincz
Published: September 2022

The present paper elucidated the issue of foreign language teachers’ knowledge base and the influence of teaching experience on their beliefs. A self-report questionnaire was utilised to explore what domains of knowledge language teachers prioritised in planning and delivering instruction, what sources they drew on to gain professional understanding and to compare teachers’ views relevant to the length of their experience. The analysis of data revealed quantitative dissimilarities in the assumed sources and knowledge domains, as well as teachers' instructional preferences. The study’s findings lend empirical evidence to the influence of experience on teachers’ cognitions and yield additional insight into the way language teachers gain their insider knowledge.
Risk factors of early neonatal death in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia: a case-control study
Authors: Davidz Irene K.L.A. , Kuntoro Kuntoro , Joewono Hermanto T. , Irwanto Irwanto
Published: September 2022

Background The neonatal mortality in East Nusa Tenggara is still high, contributes up to 75% of all neonatal death and more than 70% of early neonatal death which occurred less than 7 days after birth..

Objective This study aimed to analyze the risk factors of early neonatal death in East Nusa Tenggara.

Methods This case control study was conducted in 18 districts of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The case was newborn death, while the control was alive newborn during the early neonatal period. The data was obtained from the maternal and neonatal medical record that was kept in provincial health office and each health district office. An interview with mothers was performed if needed. The observed variables were the early neonatal death as a dependent variable and various independent variables.

Results The early neonatal death was associated with maternal age under 20 or over 35 years old (OR=1.8; 95%CI 1.1 to 3.1; P=0.032), the history of stillbirth (OR=27.5; 95%CI 11.6 to 64.5; P=0.000), mother with tuberculosis (OR=15.3; 95%CI 1.7 to 137.3; P=0.015), mother with hyperthyroid (OR=15.5; 95%CI 2.2 to 107; P=0.006), the risk for premature labor (OR= 4.5; 95%CI 2.3 to 8.7; P=0.000), prolonged labor (OR=2.3; 95%CI 1.2 to 4.8; P=0.020), the delivery not in a health facility (OR=18.6; 95%CI= 6.5 to 52.7; P=0.000), low birth weight infants (OR=5.6; 95%CI 3 to 10.3; P=0.000), and asphyxia (OR=25.2; 95%CI 95% 9.9 to 64.5; P=0.000).

Conclusions Increased early neonatal death is associated with maternal age, history of stillbirth, mother with hyperthyroid or tuberculosis, prolonged or risk for premature labor, delivery not in a health facility, low birth weight infants, and asphyxia.
A robotizáció térnyerésével kapcsolatos attitűdök Magyarországon = Attitudes towards the rise of robotization in Hungary
Authors: Kiss Csaba , Harmat Vanda , Milassin Anda
Published: September 2022

A technológiai fejlődés révén számos területen, köztük vállalati környezetben is megjelenik az ember-robot kollaboráció. A
munka természete és a foglalkozások a jövőben alapjaikban alakulnak át. E kihívások sikeres kezelésének egyik feltétele a
robotok elfogadása, amelynek kialakulását egyebek mellett az egyének attitűdjei befolyásolják. A szakirodalmi áttekintés
azon elméleti cikkek eredményeit szintetizálja, amelyek a robotokkal kapcsolatos beállítódás alakulására ható faktorokra
fókuszálnak. Jelen cikk célja a robotizáció térnyerésével kapcsolatos attitűdök alakulásának vizsgálata Magyarországon,
melyhez adatfelvételt a European Value Survey (EVS) legutóbbi adatgyűjtése biztosította, az adatelemzést pedig klasz-
terelemzéssel, valamint ANOVA módszereivel végezték a szerzők. A robot munkaerővel kapcsolatos attitűdkutatás rele-
vanciája megkérdőjelezhetetlen, és hazai mintán végzett hasonló kutatás ezidáig nem született.

Technological advances are introducing human-robot collaboration to many areas, including the corporate environment.
The nature of work and occupations will thus change fundamentally in the future. One of the prerequisites for successfully
meeting these challenges is the acceptance of robots, which is influenced by, among other things, the attitudes of indivi-
duals. The literature review synthesises the results of theoretical articles focusing on the factors influencing the develop-
ment of attitudes towards robots. The aim of this paper is to investigate the evolution of attitudes towards robotization in
Hungary, using the latest European Value Survey (EVS) data collection, cluster analysis and ANOVA methods. The relevance
of attitudinal research on the robot workforce is unquestionable and, to date, no similar research on a Hungarian sample
has been conducted.
Kettős elköteleződésből fakadó feszültségek a társadalmi vállalkozások körében = Tensions as a result of the dual commitment of social enterprises
Authors: Tóth Janka , Repisky Máté
Published: September 2022

A társadalmi vállalkozások célrendszere kettős, egyszerre gazdasági és ugyanakkor társadalmi. E két eltérő érdekrend-szer között egyensúlyoznak és törekednek az olykor ellentétes irányba mutató célokat elérni. A tanulmány célja annak feltárása, hogy milyen, a társadalmi vállalkozásokra jellemző kettős (gazdasági és társadalmi) elköteleződésből származó feszültségek jelentkeznek működésük során. A téma feltáró jellegéből adódóan a kutatás induktív, kvalitatív, egyéni félig strukturált mélyinterjúkkal dolgozó kutatás. Az eredményekből kirajzolódott a társadalmi vállalkozásokra jellemző kettős célrendszer, és ezek jelentős kihívások elé állítják a vállalkozókat. A tanulmányban a szerzők empirikus megfigyeléseik alapján rendszerezik a társadalmi vállalkozók működése során jelentkező feszültségeket: a feszültségek 4 főcsoportját és 15 alcsoportját tárták fel.

social enterprises have simultaneous social and business goals. These enterprises attempt to reach a balance between the achievement of both kinds of goals, although they usually head in different directions. The aim of the current study is to explore the tensions that social enterprises face as a result of this dual (social and business) commitment. As the study is of an exploratory nature, the authors use an inductive, qualitative approach based on semi-structured in-depth interviews. Their results show the dual nature of social enterprise goals and their related challenges and tensions. They also structure the tensions revealed by their empirical research, and categorise them into four main groups and 15 subgroups.
Structural reliability of hollow core slabs considering compressive membrane action
Authors: Thienpont Thomas , Van Coile Ruben , De Corte Wouter , Caspeele Robby
Published: September 2022

Compressive membrane action can considerably improve the load bearing capacity of concrete slabs and beams in case of excessive loaded due to an accidental event. Currently, only limited research has been focusing on compressive membrane action in prestressed concrete elements, or on concrete elements with large cavities, such as precast concrete hollow core slabs. Therefore, a novel real-scale test setup has been developed in order to assess this effect in precast hollow core slabs, and how it can enhance the load-carrying capacity in accidental events. In parallel with these tests, a numerical finite element model has been developed in order to perform a more detailed structural analysis of this phenomenon, and to study the influence of various input parameters. The details of this test setup are briefly explained, and some relevant experimental test results are provided. Considering the experimental findings and validated numerical model, this contribution aims to quantify the influence of compressive membrane action on the structural reliability of precast concrete hollow core slabs. To this end, probabilistic models for the most important material and geometric variables are gathered, and the structural reliability is assessed using Latin Hypercube sampling. Overall, the results indicate that considering the formation of compressive membrane action strongly influences the variability of the ultimate load-carrying capacity of precast concrete hollow core slabs.
Professores e a relação entre hábito da leitura e eficiência na recepção e produção de textos
Authors: Cristianini Adriana Cristina
Published: September 2022

Valendo-se de uma pesquisa com docentes inseridos em um programa especial de formação universitária que resultou em dissertação de mestrado, pôde-se observar que a capacidade de recepção e produção de textos se desenvolve somente com o exercício constante dessas práticas. A seleção das partes essenciais, a captação da macroestrutura, o uso da argumentação, os elementos coesivos, o emprego das metarregras, todos os processos são conseqÃ¼ências do grau de experiência desenvolvida pelo leitor/autor do texto. Este trabalho apresenta algumas das observações feitas no decorrer da pesquisa e, para resultar em algum tipo de utilidade, deve ser divulgada, principalmente Ã queles que foram objeto de estudo e a seus pares.
Poder e persuasão no discurso religioso medieval
Authors: Andrade Maria Lúcia da Cunha Victório de Oliveira
Published: September 2022

Partindo da hagiografia de São Frutuoso de Braga, pretendemos analisar como se instaura a interação em um texto que objetiva persuadir o leitor por meio da narrativa sobre a vida de um santo, tornando um exemplo a ser seguido. O intuito da Igreja ao solicitar que os religiosos redigissem uma hagiografia era produzir textos para o uso litúrgico, nas missas ou ofícios monásticos; propagar os feitos de um determinado santo, atraindo, assim, ofertas e doações para os Templos e Mosteiros que os tinham como patronos; para leitura privada ou como textos de escola; instruir e edificar os cristãos na fé; divulgar os ensinamentos oficiais da Igreja, etc.
Contribuições para uma descrição semântica do verbo "ficar": o que os manuais de Português Língua Estrangeira (PLE) não dizem
Authors: Osório Paulo , Rebelo Ida
Published: September 2022

Ao tentar descrever os usos e significados do verbo ficar, constatamos que, embora o sentido locativo expresso pela frase 'A PUC fica na Gávea' se encontre constantemente nos manuais de Português Língua Estrangeira, a predicação de sentido locativo está longe de ser a mais usada pelos falantes em geral. Este facto parece levar o falante de outras línguas maternas, aprendendo Português como Segunda Língua ou Língua Estrangeira (PL2/E), a tomar, equivocadamente, a estrutura de sentido locativo como modelo para sistematizar construções do mesmo verbo com diferentes significados. As descrições da língua partem, algumas vezes, de hipóteses intuitivas e da leitura de gramáticas e manuais. Ao confrontar essas hipóteses com resultados de busca e análise de freqÃ¼ência em corpora, podem revelar-se aspectos inicialmente encobertos. Apresentamos, aqui, a partir de um enfoque semântico-funcional, uma proposta de classificação dos significados mais frequentes das predicações com o verbo ficar, a fim de criar um quadro de referência para contestar os usos que são, normalmente, encontrados nos manuais e gramáticas de PLE. Pretendemos mostrar quais os significados mais frequentes em uso e em que contextos eles ocorrem.
A eficácia da tradução como estratégia de ensino de ESP
Authors: Guimarães Renata Ribeiro
Published: September 2022

Partindo do conceito de transferência (KODA, 2004) - em que ocorre a tradução natural e "automática" no ato da leitura - realizada pelo leitor de textos em língua estrangeira (L2), o objetivo do presente trabalho é investigar a tradução como sendo uma das estratégias de ensino-aprendizado de inglês para fins específicos (ou ESP) no contexto de uma instituição federal de Ensino Médio Técnico. O objeto de investigação compõe-se de atividades e exercícios que envolvem a reorganização de informações, originalmente em L2, em quadros-resumo, diagramas (AMORIM, 1997), fichamentos e slides para apresentação oral; atividades essas que foram realizadas em língua materna (L1). Assim, para atingir tal objetivo é necessário explorar a literatura relacionada à tradução e ao ensino de ESP; analisar atividades e exercícios elaborados por parte do corpo docente da instituição, a fim de identificar aquelas que corroborem o tema proposto; e, avaliar a eficácia da tradução como estratégia de ensino no contexto mencionado. Contudo, vale ressaltar que este trabalho não pretende postular verdades absolutas, mas descrever e discutir acerca de uma investigação em determinado contexto do ensino de ESP.
Gol contra! Mas... contra quem? A Linguística de Corpus e os equivalentes de tradução
Authors: Seemann Paulo Augusto Almeida
Published: September 2022

O propósito deste estudo é mostrar como a Linguística de Corpus pode ajudar o tradutor na busca por equivalentes tradutórios entre dois idiomas através de corpora comparáveis. Para exemplificar, procuramos equivalentes em espanhol para o termo "gol contra", usado no Brasil com o sentido de o gol que um jogador de futebol faz contra o próprio time. Os corpora compostos de textos publicados em jornais do Brasil, da Espanha e da Argentina forneceram exemplos reais de uso, extraídos com o auxílio de ferramentas eletrônicas, e revelaram as formas como espanhóis e argentinos se referem ao "gol contra".
Proposta de um método de análise para derivações sufixais
Authors: Viaro Mario Eduardo
Published: September 2022

Apresenta-se neste artigo o método do Grupo de Morfologia do Português (GMHP - Universidade de São Paulo/ Brasil) utilizado em análises de dados relativos a derivações sufixais. Entre os pressupostos básicos do grupo inclui-se a reinclusão do elemento diacrônico na análise e segmentação das palavras, como uma condição sine qua non para o conceito de derivação. Esse procedimento mostra, contudo, que há consequências inevitáveis e algumas incompatibilidades teóricas com importantes conceitos das linhas vigentes.
Terrain Features and Architecture of Wolverine (Gulo gulo) Resting Burrows and Reproductive Dens on Arctic Tundra
Authors: Glass Thomas W. , Breed Greg A. , Laird Cristina R. , Magoun Audrey J. , Robards Martin D. , Williams Cory T. , Kielland Knut
Published: September 2022

Burrowing species rely on subterranean and subnivean sites to fulfill important life-history and behavioral processes, including predator avoidance, thermoregulation, resting, and reproduction. For these species, burrow architecture can affect the quality and success of such processes, since characteristics like tunnel width and chamber depth influence access by predators, thermal insulation, and energy spent digging. Wolverines (Gulo gulo) living in Arctic tundra environments dig burrows in snow during winter for resting sites and reproductive dens, but there are few published descriptions of such burrows. We visited 114 resting burrows and describe associated architectural characteristics and non-snow structure. Additionally, we describe characteristics of 15 reproductive den sites that we visited during winter and summer. Although many resting burrows were solely excavated in snow, most incorporated terrain structures including cliffs, talus, river shelf ice, thermokarst caves, and stream cutbanks. Burrows typically consisted of a single tunnel leading to a single chamber, though some burrows had multiple entrances, branching tunnels, or both. Tunnels in resting burrows were shorter than those in reproductive dens, and resting chambers were typically located at the deepest part of the burrow. Reproductive dens were associated with snowdrift-forming terrain features such as streambeds, cutbanks on lake edges, thermokarst caves, and boulders. Understanding such characteristics of Arctic wolverine resting and reproductive structures is critical for assessing anthropogenic impacts as snowpack undergoes climate-driven shifts.
A paralaxe como tema agregador interdisciplinar e a bússola como recurso motivador na aprendizagem ativa da Física
Authors: Rodrigues Magna Coeli Soares , Scarano Jr Sergio
Published: September 2022

Em razão da grande quantidade de objetos de conhecimento, o ensino de Física requer estratégias que unifiquem e facilitem a construção das competências necessárias à formação dos estudantes. Neste sentido, o conceito de paralaxe é uma escolha que promove interdisciplinaridade, sem perder o foco na Física. Elaboramos uma sequência didática de Ensino Híbrido utilizando o método colaborativo de Rotação por Estações e uma bússola, como recurso motivador para determinar experimentalmente distâncias de alvos terrestres. Promovemos uma discussão sobre o fenômeno de paralaxe como objetivo principal da medição, como efeito presente no procedimento de medição e como um problema no uso de instrumentos analógicos. Além dos métodos experimentais envolvidos, reforçamos conceitos fundamentais como distância, direção, sentido e incerteza. Também promovemos uma revisão histórica da literatura para fornecer aos professores um repertório sobre como a paralaxe e a bússola se relacionam nas Ciências da Natureza, Matemática, Ciências Humanas, Códigos e Linguagens e suas respectivas tecnologias. Por fim, relatamos a aplicação, fornecendo todo o material, as instruções e as sugestões de como explorar os conceitos aprendidos para empregá-los à paralaxe em Astronomia. Durante a aplicação desta proposta os participantes desenvolveram suas relações interpessoais enquanto aprendiam os conceitos explorados, potencializados por recursos híbridos. Mediram então distâncias por meio de paralaxes com precisão da ordem de 10%, além de apresentarem a análise dos resultados, o que os permitiu desenvolver o senso crítico acerca dos resultados e meios para atingir objetivos científicos.
Forbidding the reading of the Kashshāf: clarifying the Mamluk era reception of Zamakhsharī’s Qurʾān commentary
Authors: Ally Shuaib
Published: September 2022

The Qurʾān commentary of Zamakhsharī (d. 538/1144), his Kashshāf, gained wide acclaim shortly after being written, and was widely used in research and teaching throughout the Islamic world. This favourable reception was largely due to its new rhetorical insights on how ideas are articulated in the Qurʾān through specific linguistic constructions. The work was also critiqued for its Muʿtazilī content, the work viewed with suspicion for championing – surreptitiously at that – the heterodox interpretations of that theological school. Appraisal and critique formed much of the basis for scholarly engagement with this work in the form of teaching and commentary writing, especially the form of supercommentary writing (ḥawāshī) the Kashshāf initiated. That Mamluk scholarly culture had an overly negative response to the Kashshāf for theological reasons has been vastly overstated in recent scholarship, possibly due to a tendency to view theology as a sufficient impetus driving past intellectual activity. This general portrayal derives from specific Mamluk scholars being depicted as warning against the book, forbidding its study, calling for it to be banned, and undermining or disparaging others for supporting it. This negative reception has also served to justify the transition in the Islamic world to the tafsīr of Bayḍāwī, a work which largely excised the Muʿtazilism of the Kashshāf. This article reconsiders the evidence for an overall negative Mamluk era reception of the Kashshāf, with specific reference to the activities of those scholars whose depiction contributes to an inaccurate portrayal of a crucial moment in tafsīr history, both for the activities of Mamluk era scholars themselves, as well as the subsequent shift to the use of Bayḍāwī.
Double Implementation in Dominant Strategy Equilibria and Ex-Post Equilibria with Private Values
Authors: Hagiwara Makoto
Published: September 2022

We consider the implementation problem for incomplete information and private values. We investigate double implementability of social choice functions in dominant strategy equilibria and ex-post equilibria. We define a new strategic axiom that implies “strategy-proofness” and that is implied by “secure strategy-proofness,” but the converse of these relationships does not hold. We call it “weak secure-strategy-proofness.” We show that a social choice function is doubly implementable if and only if it is weakly securely-strategy-proof.
Role of MMP-2 and CD147 in kidney fibrosis
Authors: Cheng Zhengyuan , Zhang Xiaojuan , Zhang Yu , Li Li , Chen Pingsheng
Published: September 2022

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) both play important roles in the development of kidney fibrosis, and CD147 can induce the production and activation of MMP-2. In the early stage of kidney fibrosis, MMP-2 promotes extracellular matrix (ECM) production and accelerates the development of kidney fibrosis, while in the advanced stage, MMP-2 activity decreases, leading to reduced ECM degradation and making it difficult to alleviate kidney fibrosis. The reason for the decrease in MMP-2 activity in the advanced stage is still unclear. On the one hand, it may be related to hypoxia and endocytosis, which lead to changes in the expression of MMP-2-related active regulatory molecules; on the other hand, it may be related to insufficient CD147 function. At present, the specific process by which CD147 is involved in the regulation of MMP-2 activity is not completely clear, and further in-depth studies are needed to clarify the roles of both factors in the pathophysiology of kidney fibrosis.
Application of nonlinear recursion equation in network security risk detection
Authors: Li Chunqiu
Published: September 2022

In order to solve the problem of recursion equation in network security, the author proposes an application of network security risk detection. The search efficiency of the artificial intelligence planning algorithm is better than the traditional attack graph generation method, designed and implemented a planning engine for security risk assessment, according to the application problem definition, design data processing methods and grammar translation modules; efficient planning algorithms for penetration plan planning are selected and the analysis of the risk association process is completed. First, the development status and challenges of network security are summarized, and then, the research status of existing risk assessment methods is analyzed, the research ideas are introduced, and the main research results are given; the organizational structure is listed at the end. In the optimized parallel algorithm for recursive equations, when using P processors to solve a class of recursive equations of size N, the speedup of this algorithm is 0 (p), where 1 > p > 0.1 is an arbitrarily small positive number. Using the advantages of neural networks dealing with nonlinearity and complexity to predict the network security situation based on the improved recurrent neural network, the experimental results prove that the proposed method has high operation efficiency, low error and high accuracy compared with the actual value.
Manufacturing defects of woven natural fibre thermoset composites
Authors: Khalina Abdan , Lee Ching hao , Humaira Aisyah
Published: September 2022

Thermoset polymer are components with high strength, chemical inert and thermally stable, due to its high degree of cross-linking. Natural fibre composite is providing a winning solution for extraordinary performances yet biodegradable. Woven form fibre even found better in specific energy absorption and stronger in strength. Fabricating woven thermoset composites may be done in a variety of ways. However, processing errors or manufacturing defects often occur by many factors, especially thermoset composites with natural fibre reinforcement. It is nearly impossible to achieves in detect-free when in lab scale production. Hence, it is important to study and understand the factors that causing the defects. Processing parameters, compatibility of matrix/fibre combination, yarn production and woven waiving skills may be the reasons of composite’s defects. In this chapter, several fabrication methods for woven thermoset composite were introduced. Some major defects on manufacturing the thermoset composites were highlighted. Some future perception of the woven natural fibre thermoset composite also have been discussed. This chapter set as a guidance to avoid or minimizes manufacturing defects upon thermoset composite processing.
State and market
Authors: Verhoef Grietjie
Published: September 2022

Despite the general demise of the phenomenon of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Europe since the 1970s, SOEs remained central to state economic planning in African markets after independence. Weak performance of African SOEs since the 1960s, mitigated reforms and some privatisation. The opening up of markets in Africa and states’ alignment to the market economic model, contributed to a different approach to the managing and operation of SOEs. The UNCTAD list of top non-financial conglomerates in the developing world includes two African SOEs. The lack of capital, access to modern technology and professional managerial skills (human capabilities), hampered the development of national economies in Africa. The state has re-entered the market in a different role as facilitator of private enterprise, but also as entrepreneur in strategic industries. Global resurgence of SOEs in the 21st century witnessed a new generation global SOEs, also in some African cases. This paper will assess the development of the «new generation» SOEs in Africa since the last decade of the 20th century using the case study of Sonatrach in Algeria.
Study on Fatigue Damage Behavior Focusing on Cumulative Dissipated Energy and Phase Angle Obtained from Repeated Compressive-Tensile Test
Authors: Imai Hiroki , Takahashi Osamu , Nakanishi Hiromitsu , Mohd Hasan Mohd Rosli
Published: September 2022

A study was conducted to ascertain the changes in viscoelastic parameters with the increase in fatigue damage of asphalt mixtures. In the present study, it was ascertained how the viscoelastic parameters changed with the increase in the fatigue damage of asphalt mixtures by conducting the repeat compressive-tensile test using cylindrical specimens compacted using the Superpave Gyratory Compactor. The viscoelastic parameters, including dissipated energy and phase angle, were affected by the strain amplitude, test temperature, and penetration value. The relationship assessment between the viscoelastic parameters and the number of cycles to failure reveals that the fatigue characteristics are influenced by the dissipated energy accumulation and the phase angle changes in the fatigue process. The number of cycles to failure of the asphalt mixture was correlated with the total dissipated energy accumulated until fatigue failure and the change in phase angle in the fatigue process. The fatigue damage of asphalt mixture increased significantly when the asphalt mixture exhibited viscoelasticity and the unit dissipated energy reached its maximum value. The repeated compressive-tensile test can assess the viscoelastic parameters of the cylindrical core samples obtained from the field in both their fatigue damage state and the asphaltic concrete layer’s remaining life.
AMERİKA BİRLEŞİK DEVLETLERİ HUKUKUNDA YÜRÜTME İMTİYAZI
Authors: ÇELİK Özlem
Published: September 2022

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri federal hukukunda yürütme imtiyazı, Başkanın ve bazı üst düzey yürütme organı görevlilerinin Kongre’den ve yargı organlarından bilgi saklama hakkını ifade etmektedir. Başkanların Kongre’nin bazı bilgi taleplerini, bilginin yürütme imtiyazı kapsamında korunduğunu ileri sürerek reddedebilmesi mümkündür. Yürütme imtiyazı ileri sürebilme yetkisi, Anayasa ile açık bir şekilde düzenlenmemiştir. Yüksek Mahkeme tarafından Başkana ait zımni bir anayasal yetki olarak kabul edilmiştir. Kongre ve Başkan arasındaki yürütme imtiyazı uyuşmazlıkları, çoğunlukla yargı denetimine konu olmadan sistem içerisinde çözülmektedir. Ancak istisnai bazı hallerde, Kongre ile yürütme organı arasındaki yürütme imtiyazı konusundaki uyuşmazlıklar, yargı organlarının gündemine taşınmaktadır. Bu tür durumlarda yargı organları, yürütme imtiyazının varlığını kabul etmiş ancak kapsam ve sınırları konusunda yeterli bir içtihat ortaya koyamamıştır.
Mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion of cattle manure with Malus domestica and Dalbergia sissoo during biomethane potential assays
Authors: Awais Muhammad , Gulfraz Muhammad , Asad Muhammad Javaid , Kabir Faryal , Khan Khalid Saifullah , Naqvi Syed Muhammad Zaigham Abbas
Published: September 2022

The burning of cattle manure for domestic use, and plant biomass left out in fields, is a common practice in South Asia, specifically Pakistan. According to the 2014 government of Pakistan (GOP) survey, Pakistan had 171 million head of cattle that would produce 345 billion kg of manure, which could easily be converted into 150 billion m3 of biogas. The focus of the present study was to evaluate the benefits from co-digestion of cattle manure (CM) with Dalbergia sissoo leaves (DSL) and Malus domestica leaves (MDL), with a focus on changes in the biodegradability, C/N ratio effect, and synergistic effect. The idea was to adjust the C/N ratio to increase biodegradability at mesophilic range to help the process to produce more methane than 100% manure-based digestion. First, the ideal pH and temperature conditions for mesophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) were optimized to carry out further co-digestion under the same conditions. The results of co-digestion revealed a 40% (251 NmL CH4/g VS) increase in methane yield by replacing 20% of volatile solid in CM-based AD reactors with MDL. This combination also presented a biodegradability of 59% and a synergistic effect (θ) value of 1.40, which corresponded to highly positive synergism reflecting the optimum growth conditions. The DSL/CM co-digestion also followed the same pattern, and the maximum methane yield of 229 NmL CH4/g VS was obtained using a 20/80 DSL/CM combination.
Kinetic analysis of Fe(II)-promoted ethanol preparation from cornstalks
Authors: Chen Kun , Liu Dehuan , Chen Xu , Fan Zhiwen
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a kinetic study of fuel grade ethanol production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation from Fe(II)-catalyzed cornstalks. The study observed the optimal conditions of ethanol production as: inoculation proportion (ratio of Pachysolen tannophilus to Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 2:1, fermentation temperature 32 °C, inoculation quantity 20%, addition amount of Fe2+ 4 mg/g (substrate), and cellulase dosage 30 U/g (substrate). An ethanol yield of 0.335 mg/g was obtained from cornstalks pretreated using liquefaction under optimum conditions. A 30.4% increase in the yield was observed when compared with the control group without the addition of Fe2+. The relationship between ethanol yield and fermentation time could be described through a Langmuir isotherm model. The findings of this study will help researchers better understand and describe the complex characteristics of ethanol production from cornstalks with Fe2+ promoter, which will be very useful in improving production yields.
Safety, Efficacy and Prognostic Benefit of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Johner Nicolas , Namdar Mehdi , Shah Dipen C
Published: September 2022

Up to 65% of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) develop AF during the course of the disease. This occurrence is associated with adverse outcomes, including pump failure death. Because AF and HFpEF are mutually reinforcing risk factors, sinus rhythm restoration may represent a disease-modifying intervention. While catheter ablation exhibits acceptable safety and efficacy profiles, no randomised trials have compared AF ablation with medical management in HFpEF. However, catheter ablation has been reported to result in lower natriuretic peptides, lower filling pressures, greater peak cardiac output and improved functional capacity in HFpEF. There is growing evidence that catheter ablation may reduce HFpEF severity, hospitalisation and mortality compared to medical management. Based on indirect evidence, early catheter ablation and minimally extensive atrial injury should be favoured. Hence, individualised ablation strategies stratified by stepwise substrate inducibility provide a logical basis for catheter-based rhythm control in this heterogenous population. Randomised trials are needed for definitive evidence-based guidelines.
Exploring the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in marine ecosystem health and function
Authors:   , Grabb Kalina C.
Published: September 2022

With the rapid decline of coastal ecosystems such as coral reefs and seagrasses, it is crucial to better understand the health of these ecosystem to prevent future loss. Reactive oxygen speices (ROS), such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, play an underappreciated role in both organism health and ecosystem biogeochemical cycles. This thesis lays the foundation to measure and identify ROS production by coral in situ and through genomic analysis while also highlighting the important role that ROS can play within biogeochemical cycling within seagrass ecosystems. To measure in situ extracellular superoxide, we develop the first DIver-operated Submersible Chemiluminescent sensOr (DISCO), enabling high resolution, non-invasive measurements in real time. We further refine DISCO by making it more compact, user-friendly, adaptable, and robust, enabling measurements of superoxide across a diversity of environments. Using DISCO, I observe species-specific variation in extracellular superoxide concentrations associated with healthy coral. Despite these variations across species, bioinformatic analysis of coral proteins reveal that nearly all coral species have the extracellular superoxide-producing enzyme NADPH oxidase (NOX), and thus the genetic potential to produce extracellular superoxide. This suggests that coral species likely exhibit differential NOX regulation and expression as a function of physiological responses to external stressors, which may play a role in coral immunity. I then turn to seagrass ecosystems, where I observe rapid hydrogen peroxide production and decay through predominantly reductive pathways. This has implications on the environmental redox state and biogeochemical cycling, impacting the ecosystem services that seagrasses provide to marine environments and coastal communities. Overall, this thesis highlights the potential role that ROS may be playing in organism and ecosystem health and lays the groundwork to further develop ROS as a tool to protect these coastal ecosystems against further degradation.
A brief go-to on the epidemiology of Malariaand the usage of virus like particles (VLPs) as a novel immunogenic vaccine platform
Authors: Tarafdar Tirtha
Published: September 2022

VLPs are non-infectious, self- assembling nanoparticles that have the potency to stand out as an attractive tool in medicine and nanotechnology. They do enable surface display as well as payload encapsulation, proving their versatility in the preparation of subunit vaccines, which otherwise
poses as a low immunogenic aid. They do consist of viral structural proteins, which assemble into icosahedrons, mostly in the range of 20200 nm range. Their repetitive molecularly portrayed architecture and further, the decoration of the VLPs with targetantigens by fusion techniques aspire
to trigger various potential immunogenic arms like B cell receptor clustering, drainage to lymph nodes, heightened APC uptake, co-stimulatory responses such as the TLR responses etc.
Theoretical analysis of passive rail grinding
Authors:   Siberian Transport University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Ilinykh Andrey , Banul Viktor ,   Siberian Transport University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Vorontsov Denis ,   Siberian Transport University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Published: September 2022

Introduction. There are different rail machining technologies designed to eliminate defects on the tread surface and extend the life cycle of rails. The most used is the technology of grinding rails with rotating grinding wheels using rail-grinding trains. Its main disadvantage is the low working speed of the grinding train that requires the organization of track possessions with stopping the movement of trains along the haul. To perform preventive rail grinding with minimal metal removal from the rail head, passive grinding technologies using grinding wheels have become widespread in last years. Passive grinding is when there is no power on the grinding wheel to rotate it actively. Such methods make it possible to achieve high speeds of the grinding train, and the work can be carried out in the train schedule without closing the stage. Currently, passive grinding technologies are relatively new and do not have the necessary scientific basis for optimizing the machining process. The aim of the work is to perform theoretical studies of kinematic and force analyzes of two methods of rail passive grinding: the periphery and the end face of the grinding wheel. Methodology of the work is kinematic and power calculations of rail grinding schemes. Results and discussion. Within the framework of theoretical studies, a kinematic and force analysis of two methods of passive grinding are carried out, on the basis of which the optimal conditions for its implementation are determined. It is established that the method of passive grinding by the periphery of the wheel has a 20 % higher productivity and energy efficiency of the process before end passive grinding due to the higher rotation speed of the grinding wheel with equal forces of pressing it to the rail. At the same time, passive grinding with the end of the wheel is distinguished by a twice greater range of change in both the speed of the grinding wheel rotation and the force of its pressing that makes it possible to achieve greater metal removal at equal speeds of the grinding trains. In conclusion, promising tasks for further research in the field of passive rail grinding are formulated.
Modeling of sliding wear characteristics of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composite reinforced with carbon fiber against SS304
Authors:   Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology, Maharashtra, India, Chinchanikar Satish
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Over the last decade, composite materials based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) have been increasingly used as alternative materials for automotive applications. PTFE is characterized by a low coefficient of friction, hardness and corrosion resistance. However, this material has a high wear rate. A group of researchers attempted to improve the wear resistance of PTFE material by reinforcing it with different fillers. The purpose of the work: This study experimentally investigates the dry sliding wear characteristics of a PTFE composite reinforced with carbon fiber (35 wt.%) compared to SS304 stainless steel. In addition, experimental mathematical and ANN models are developed to predict the specific wear rate, taking into account the influence of pressure, sliding speed, and interface temperature. The methods of investigation. Dry sliding experiments were performed on a pin-on-disk wear testing machine with varying the normal load on the pin, disk rotation, and interface temperature. Experiments were planned systematically to investigate the effect of input parameters on specific wear rates with a wide range of design space. In total, fifteen experiments were carried out at a 5-kilometer distance without repeating the central run experiment. Sliding velocities were obtained by selecting the track diameter on the disk and corresponding rotation of the disk. A feedforward back-propagation machine learning algorithm was used to the ANN model. Results and Discussion. This study finds better prediction accuracy with the ANN architecture having two hidden layers with 150 neurons on each layer. This study finds an increase in specific wear rates with normal load, sliding velocity, and interface temperature. However, the increase is more prominent at higher process parameters. The normal load followed by sliding velocity most significantly affects the specific wear rate. The results predicted by the developed models for specific wear rates are in good agreement with the experimental values with an average error close to 10%. This shows that the model could be reliably used to obtain the wear rate of PTFE composite reinforced with carbon fiber (35 wt.%) compared to SS304 stainless steel. This study finds scope for further studies considering the effect of varying ANN architectures, different amount of neurons, and hidden layers on the prediction accuracy of the wear rate.