bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMANFATAN LIMBAH PLASTIK MENJADI ROKET AIR UNTUK ALAT PERAGA MATERI PEMBELAJARAN PADA KOMUNITAS ROKET AIR KOTA BAUBAU
Authors: Iqbal Achmad Muhamad , Nur Achmad Farid Yusuf , Iradat Achmad Muhamad
Published: August 2022

Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mewujudkan masyarakat yang peduli dengan pemanfatan limbah plastik botol air mineral menjadi roket air dan digunakan sebagai alat peraga dalam proses pembelajaran pada komunitas roket air kota baubau. Metode yang digunakan terdiri dari tiga tahapan yaitu (1) Sosialisasi/edukasi Manfaat Limbah Plastik (2) Desain produk alat peraga roket air. (3) Demonstrasi Uji Coba Produk. Berdasarkan hasil uji caba dari kegiatan ini diketahu bahwa peserta mampu mengetahui dampak yang ditimbulkan dari banyaknya sampah/limbah plastik dan bagaimana memanfaatkan limbah plastik botol air mineral menjadi alat peraga roket air yang dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan Kreatifitas dan ilmu pengetahuan. Melalui kegiatan ini, peserta mampu berkreasi dan membuat dan merancang bangun Roket Air berbasis Limbah Botol Plastik bekas dengan ide dan kreasi masing-masing di bawah bimbingan tim. Sebagai upaya memicu logika kreatifitas peserta, melalui kegiatan ini diwujudkan dalam masukan-masukan berupa pertanyaan yang kemudian dikembangkan oleh tim terkait pemanfatan limbah dan pembuatan Roket Air, dibuktikan dari model-model roket air yang dikreasi oleh peserta dan upaya pengembangannya. Kolaborasi antara berbagai disiplin ilmu dalam mewujudkan ide menjadi aksi sangat dibutuhkan, sebagai wujud kepedulian terhadap kelestarian lingkungan.
PENGELOLAAN ADMINISTRASI PEMERINTAHAN DESA SESUAI PERATURAN MENTERI DALAM NEGERI REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 47 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG ADMINISTRASI PEMERINTAHAN DESA (Bimbingan Teknis dan Pendampingan di Desa Labungga Kecamatan Andowia Kabupaten Konawe Utara)
Authors: Jopang Jopang , Tarifu La , Larisu Zulfiah , Dilla Sumadi , Muhammad Elwan La Ode , Utha Arifin
Published: August 2022

Pengelolaan merupakan tindakan yang sesuai dengan peraturan yang ada untuk mencapai tujuan yang telah ditetapkan. Pemerintah Desa sebagai organisasi publik memberikan perhatian pada pelayanan publik. Pelayanan publik yang baik sesuai dengan  prinsip good governance terdiri dari transparansi, akuntabilitas, responsibilitas, independensi dan kesetaraan.   Prinsip good governance dapat terlaksana dengan baik melalui tertib administrasi. Bimbingan teknis dan pendampingan  ini bertujuan: (1) memberikan pemahaman tata kelola administrasi pemerintah desa kepada perangkat Desa; (2) memberikan pendampingan pengelolaan administrasi pemerintahan Desa sesuai dengan Permendagri Nomor 47 Tahun 2016 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan Desa. Peserta Bimtek dan pendampingan sebanyak 18 orang, terdiri dari  Kepala Desa dan Perangkat Desa. Pelaksanaan Bimtek dilakukan dengan metode  ceramah, diskusi dan tanya jawab. Pendampingan dilakukan oleh tim secara kelompok, terdiri dari empat kelompok yang beranggotakan 4-5 orang. Hasil bimbingan teknis dan pendampingan menunjukkan bahwa; (1) Pemerintah Desa yang terdiri dari kepala Desa dan perangkat Desa  antusias mengikuti kegiatan ini sehingga  dapat  meningkatkan pemahaman terhadap  tugas pokok, fungsi dan kedudukan masing-masing; (2) Kepala Desa dan perangkat Desa  memahami pengelolaan administrasi pemerintahan Desa sesuai dengan buku administrasi pemerintahan Desa, terdiri dari:  administrasi umum, administrasi penduduk, administrasi keuangan dan administrasi pembangunan
PELATIHAN KONSERVASI AIR TANAH PADA KAWASAN TERBANGUN DI DAS WANGGU KOTA KENDARI SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN BANJIR
Authors: Alwi La Ode , Gafaruddin Abdul , Gafaruddin Abdul , Gandri La , Indriyani Lies , Bana Sahindomi , Gandri La , Fitriani Vivi , Indriyani Lies , Bana Sahindomi , Fitriani Vivi
Published: August 2022

Kendari City is part of the Wanggu watershed, which is one of the cities that still has problems related to waterlogging and flooding. Based on historical data in the last 10 years, Kendari City is an area that floods occurs almost every year. Therefore, to deal with problems in the Wanggu watershed, especially in Kendari City, it is necessary to apply water conservation technology by applying biopore infiltration holes. The purpose of this community dedication is to conduct water conservation education for flood prevention to youth groups and the community through environmental care Action. The method used in groundwater conservation activities is a participatory approach through a pilot unit involving the youth group and the local community. This activity has succeeded in making biopori infiltration holes which are applied to places that are flooded when it rains. The making and installation of biopore infiltration holes was carried out to 15 points of standing water as a pilot. the performance of the installed biopori goes well and functions as it should. This process has been monitored at the stage of monitoring and evaluation activities during the process and after the implementation of the activities.
Gαi protein subunit: A step toward understanding its non-canonical mechanisms
Authors: Villaseca Soraya , Romero Gabriel , Ruiz María J. , Pérez Carlos , Leal Juan I. , Tovar Lina M. , Torrejón Marcela
Published: August 2022

The heterotrimeric G protein family plays essential roles during a varied array of cellular events; thus, its deregulation can seriously alter signaling events and the overall state of the cell. Heterotrimeric G-proteins have three subunits (α, β, γ) and are subdivided into four families, Gαi, Gα12/13, Gαq, and Gαs. These proteins cycle between an inactive Gα-GDP state and active Gα-GTP state, triggered canonically by the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) and by other accessory proteins receptors independent also known as AGS (Activators of G-protein Signaling). In this review, we summarize research data specific for the Gαi family. This family has the largest number of individual members, including Gαi1, Gαi2, Gαi3, Gαo, Gαt, Gαg, and Gαz, and constitutes the majority of G proteinsαsubunits expressed in a tissue or cell. Gαi was initially described by its inhibitory function on adenylyl cyclase activity, decreasing cAMP levels. Interestingly, today Gi family G-protein have been reported to be importantly involved in the immune system function. Here, we discuss the impact of Gαi on non-canonical effector proteins, such as c-Src, ERK1/2, phospholipase-C (PLC), and proteins from the Rho GTPase family members, all of them essential signaling pathways regulating a wide range of physiological processes.
Radiation-induced FAP + fibroblasts are involved in keloid recurrence after radiotherapy
Authors: Gao Yan , Hou Xue , Dai Yuyin , Yang Ting , Chen Kexin
Published: August 2022

Background: Keloid scars (KSs), which are composed of abnormal hyperplastic scar tissue, form during skin wound healing due to excessive fibroblast activation and collagen secretion. Although surgical resection and radiation therapy are used to prevent recurrence, KS recurrence rates range from 15 to 23%, and the underlying mechanism is unclear.

Methods: To elucidate the mechanism of keloid recurrence, we established a PDX model and the grafts remained for over 20 weeks after transplantation on the bilateral backs of the NCG mice.

Results: RNA-seq revealed that KS tissue gene expression was highly consistent before and after transplantation. Then, one side of the KS graft was irradiated with electron beam therapy (10 Gy), significant increases in vimentin and fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) expression were observed after irradiation and were accompanied by severe microvascular destruction. Surprisingly, 4 weeks after irradiation, significantly increased recurrence was observed with increased FAP + tissue and cell cycle regulator expression, resulting in a remarkable altered graft volume. Moreover, irradiation-induced FAP upregulation markedly facilitated radiation resistance and increased cell cycle progression, decreased senescence, and increased energy production.

Conclusion: Our findings revealed that irradiation causes increased abundance of FAP + cells, which was associated with cell proliferation and delayed cellular senescence, accompanied by ATP production.
Motor neuron-derived induced pluripotent stem cells as a drug screening platform for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Amorós Mariana A. , Choi Esther S. , Cofré Axel R. , Dokholyan Nikolay V. , Duzzioni Marcelo
Published: August 2022

The development of cell culture models that recapitulate the etiology and features of nervous system diseases is central to the discovery of new drugs and their translation onto therapies. Neuronal tissues are inaccessible due to skeletal constraints and the invasiveness of the procedure to obtain them. Thus, the emergence of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology offers the opportunity to model different neuronal pathologies. Our focus centers on iPSCs derived from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, whose pathology remains in urgent need of new drugs and treatment. In this sense, we aim to revise the process to obtain motor neurons derived iPSCs (iPSC-MNs) from patients with ALS as a drug screening model, review current 3D-models and offer a perspective on bioinformatics as a powerful tool that can aid in the progress of finding new pharmacological treatments.
CuCo and sulfur doped carbon nitride composite as an effective Fenton-like catalyst in a wide pH range
Authors: Lin Feifei , Liu Peng , Lin Rundong , Lu Chen , Shen Yuanyuan , Wang Yongqiang , Su Xiwen , Li Hongjiang , Gu Ying-Ying
Published: August 2022

The heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction, as an advanced oxidation process, is widely recognized attributed to its recyclability, wide pH response range, easy solid-liquid separation, and non-production of iron sludge. Recently, the bimetallic catalysts have attracted intense attention due to their high catalytic performance and excellent stability over a wide pH range. In this article, CuCo/SCN bimetallic catalyst was prepared by pyrolysis method with sulfur doped carbon nitride (SCN) as the carrier. Under the conditions of pH = 7, catalyst dosage of 0.8 g/L, and concentration of H2O2 of 15 mM, 20 mg/L of methyl orange (MO) can be completely removed within 1 h. With the synergistic action between bimetals and sulfur doped carbon nitride, the CuCO/SCN involved Fenton-like system exhibited excellent catalytic degradation efficiency and strong stability for MO in neutral and weak alkaline conditions. The EPR characterization proved that OH and O2− were the main active components. Furthermore, CuCo/SCN involved Fenton-like system has good adaptability. Bimetallic CuCo/SCN catalyst has great application potential in the degradation of environmental pollutants.
Cephalosporins-induced intestinal dysbiosis exacerbated pulmonary endothelial barrier disruption in streptococcus pneumoniae-infected mice
Authors: Wang Jia-Feng , Shi Chang-Yi , Ying Hua-Zhong
Published: August 2022

Antibiotic abuse is growing more severe in clinic, and even short-term antibiotic treatment can cause long-term gut dysbiosis, which may promote the development and aggravation of diseases. Cephalosporins as the broad-spectrum antibiotics are widely used for prevention and treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract infection in children. However, their potential consequences in health and disease have not been fully elaborated. In this study, the effects of cefaclor, cefdinir and cefixime on intestinal microbiota and lung injury were investigated in Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn)-infected mice. The results showed that the proportion of coccus and bacillus in intestinal microbiota were changed after oral administration with cefaclor, cefdinir and cefixime twice for 10 days, respectively. Compared with the Spn-infected group, the proportion of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in intestine were significantly reduced, while Enterococcus and Candida was increased after cephalosporin treatment. Furthermore, 3 cephalosporins could obviously increase the number of total cells, neutrophils and lymphocytes in BALF as well as the serum levels of endotoxin, IL-2, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Mechanically, cephalosporins accelerated Spn-induced pulmonary barrier dysfunction via mediating the mRNA expressions of endothelial barrier-related proteins (Claudin 5, Occludin, and ZO-1) and inflammation-related proteins (TLR4, p38 and NF-κB). However, all of those consequences could be partly reversed by Bifidobacterium bifidum treatment, which was closely related to the elevated acetate production, indicating the protective effects of probiotic against antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that oral administration with cephalosporins not only disrupted intestinal microecological homeostasis, but also increased the risk of Spn infection, resulting in severer respiratory inflammation and higher bacterial loads in mice.
Variability of physics-based simulated ground motions in Thessaloniki urban area and its implications for seismic risk assessment
Authors: Lin J. , Smerzini C.
Published: August 2022

An accurate characterization of earthquake ground motion and its variability is crucial for seismic hazard and risk analysis of spatially distributed portfolios in urban areas. In this work, a 3D physics-based numerical approach, based on the high-performance spectral element code SPEED (http://speed.mox.polimi.it/), is adopted to generate ground shaking scenarios for strong earthquakes (moment magnitude MW=6.5–7) in the Thessaloniki area (Northern Greece). These simulations account for kinematic finite-fault rupture scenarios and a 3D seismic velocity including the two main geological structures present in the area (Thessaloniki and Mygdonia basins). The numerical model is successfully validated by comparing simulated motions, on the one hand, with the recordings of a real small-magnitude (MW4.4) earthquake and, on the other, with empirical Ground Motion Models for the historical MW6.5 1978 earthquake. The sensitivity of results to the velocity model, anelastic attenuation, and non-linear soil effects is evaluated. The variability of the ground motion intensity measures in Thessaloniki as a function of the finite-fault rupture realizations (causative fault, magnitude, hypocenter location) is explored to gain insight into its potential impact on seismic risk assessment in urban areas.
Study on gas accumulation conditions of continental shale in Es3 member in the northern dongpu depression, eastern China
Authors: Zhang Peng , Deng Ende , Yang Junwei , Huang Yuqi , Tang Xuan , Liu Chengwei
Published: August 2022

The organic-rich shales in the northern Dongpu Depression were deposited in deep and semi-deep lakes based upon evidence from the geochemical characteristic and rock mineral of the Es3 member. The results show that these rocks gradually decrease in abundance and deterioration of organic matter types from the center of the salt lake towards the edges. The development of high-quality shales in Es3 member is due to stratified sedimentation of a deep water, narrow basin water body. The saline lake region has a high TOC content, primarily type I derived from low-grade aquatic organisms. The minerals consist of a variety of mainly clay minerals (31–71%), quartz (11.2–57.9%), plagioclase (3.3–22.1%), dolomite (1.8–19.9%), and pyrite (1–4.1%). The water body was mainly brackish to super-brackish, which has solid limitations and severe salinity stratification, resulting in stable anoxic conditions of the bottom water and conducive to preserving organic matter. The shales were divided into massive silty shale facies, laminated paste shale facies, and laminated gray shale facies according to the mineral composition and microstructure. Comparing the geochemical characteristics, the laminated calcareous shale lithofacies of the deep to semi-deep lacustrine environments favor shale oil and gas occurrence. Pores consist of inorganic pores (intergranular mineral pores, dissolution pores, clay mineral interlayer cracks, mineral intergranular pores micropores, dissolution pores, clay mineral layer cracks, and cracks) with relatively few organic pores. There are many types of natural gas in the study area. The oil-type gas came from the lacustrine shale rock in Es3 member of Shahejie Formation, the coal-derived gas came from the high mature coal-based gas in the deep Carboniferous-Permian system, and the mixed gas was the mixed source of the above two source rocks. Multiple sets of overlying halite provided adequate seals within the depression and were conducive to the accumulation and preservation of hydrocarbons throughout the basin.
Landslide susceptibility analysis based on a PSO-DBN prediction model in an earthquake-stricken area
Authors: Wang Siying , Lin Xiaokun , Qi Xing , Li Hongde , Yang Jingjing
Published: August 2022

In recent years, the major geological hazard of landslides has greatly impact normal human life. Deep belief networks (DBN) is a commonly used deep learning model, and the DBN hyperparameter determination problem is the key to its application. To improve the accuracy of regional landslide susceptibility prediction, this paper introduces the particle swarm algorithm (PSO) to determine the hyperparameters of the DBN; this is applied to regional landslide susceptibility prediction. Firstly, PSO is used to optimize the hyperparameters of the DBN and obtain a set of hyperparameters with the optimal fitness function. A landslide susceptibility prediction model based on PSO-DBN is then constructed and the K-fold cross-validation method is used to determine its accuracy. The model is applied to landslide susceptibility prediction in the most impacted area of the Wenchuan earthquake to analyze the model’s accuracy. Finally, model susceptibility analysis is performed. The research results show that the final optimal model accuracy of the PSO-DBN model is 95.52%, which is approximately 28.31% and 15.35% higher than that of the logistic regression (LR) model and the common DBN model, respectively. The Kappa coefficient is 0.883, which is higher than that of the LR model. Compared with the LR model and the common DBN model, Kappa coefficient is improved by approximately 0.542 and 0.269 respectively; the area under the curve (AUC) is 0.951, which is improved by approximately 0.201 and 0.080 compared to the LR model and the common DBN model. The susceptibility of the model to the inertia factor is low, the average change in model accuracy (when the inertia factor changes by 0.1) is approximately 0.1%, and the overall stability of the model is high. The landslide susceptibility level is very high. The area includes 219 landslide points, which account for 39.2% of total landslide points. In the area with a high level of landslide susceptibility are 191 landslide points, accounting for 34.2% of total landslide points. Together, the two contain approximately 73.4% of the landslide points. This indicates that the model prediction results agree well with the spatial distribution characteristics of the landslide.
Toward carbon neutrality: The transition of the coal industrial chain in China
Authors: Zhong Chen , Dong Fanli , Geng Yong , Dong Qiuxia
Published: August 2022

In order to achieve China’s ambitious carbon neutrality target, coal industry should play a key role in mitigating its carbon emission and ensuring energy supply. Therefore, it is urgent for this coal industry to realize its transition toward low carbon development. This study investigates the status and policy options of China’s coal industry by considering the entire coal industrial chain, covering coal production, delivery, and consumption so that key challenges involving clean and efficient utilization and stable coal supply can be identified. Further, policy recommendations for the transition of this coal industrial chain toward low carbon development are proposed, including the implementation of appropriate national policies, research and development (R&D) efforts, the application of economic instruments and capacity building activities.
Fluoxetine induces photochemistry-derived oxidative stress on Ulva lactuca
Authors: Feijão Eduardo , Cruz de Carvalho Ricardo , Duarte Irina A. , Matos Ana Rita , Cabrita Maria Teresa , Utkin Andrei B. , Caçador Isabel , Marques João Carlos , Novais Sara C. , Lemos Marco F. L. , Reis-Santos Patrick , Fonseca Vanessa F. , Duarte Bernardo
Published: August 2022

Emerging pollutants impose a high degree of stress on marine ecosystems, compromising valuable resources, the planet and human health. Pharmaceutical residues often reach marine ecosystems, and their input is directly related to human activities. Fluoxetine is an antidepressant, and one of the most prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors globally and has been detected in aquatic ecosystems in concentrations up to 40 μg L−1. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of fluoxetine ecotoxicity on the photochemistry, energy metabolism and enzyme activity of Ulva lactuca exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (0.3, 0.6, 20, 40, and 80 μg L−1). Exogenous fluoxetine exposure induced negative impacts on U. lactuca photochemistry, namely on photosystem II antennae grouping and energy fluxes. These impacts included increased oxidative stress and elevated enzymatic activity of ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Lipid content increased and the altered levels of key fatty acids such as hexadecadienoic (C16:2) and linoleic (C18:2) acids revealed strong correlations with fluoxetine concentrations tested. Multivariate analyses reinforced the oxidative stress and chlorophyll a fluorescence-derived traits as efficient biomarkers for future toxicology studies.
Exploring the role of sustainable logistics service providers in multinational supply chain cooperation: An integrated theory-based perspective
Authors: Su Miao , Fang Mingjie , Pang Qiwei , Park Keun-sik
Published: August 2022

In recent years, suppliers’ sustainability has been the primary source of conflict in multinational supply chains. How suppliers from developing nations may accomplish sustainable development and competitive advantage goals has become a tough issue inside the multinational supply chain, particularly in the agri-food cold chain. Using an integrated theory-based perspective, this paper analyzes how sustainable logistics service providers’ supply chain cooperation (MSCC) might drive the sustainable transformation of suppliers in developing nations. Between 1 June 2020 and 15 January 2021, we gathered feedback from 215 Chinese vendors and analyzed and discussed possible models using structural equation modeling. This study demonstrates that the sustainable practices of logistics service providers are the foundation for influencing the collaboration of suppliers in developing nations with regard to sustainability. In addition, the five-stage transnational supply chain cooperation based on the theory of innovation diffusion is an efficient strategy for ensuring the sustainable development of suppliers in developing nations. This paper examines the theoretical framework at the forefront of multinational supply chain sustainability development. This presents the most recent experience and policy application for suppliers from emerging nations to acquire a competitive advantage.
Warming lake surface water temperatures in Lake Qiandaohu, China: Spatiotemporal variations, influencing factors and implications for the thermal structure
Authors: Li Yuan , Shi Kun , Zhang Yunlin , Zhu Guangwei , Guo Yulong , Li Huiyun , Du Chenggong
Published: August 2022

Long-term lake surface water temperature (LSWT) products are valuable for understanding the responses of lake ecosystems to climate warming and for proposing suitable policies to protect lake ecosystems. Here, using Landsat satellite data and various in situ data, we documented 36 years (1986–2021) of spatiotemporal variations in LSWT in Lake Qiandaohu, a subtropical deep-water lake in China, and explored the potential driving factors of these variations. We validated the performances of the practical single-channel (PSC) algorithm, the generalized single-channel algorithm and the Landsat Level 2 land surface temperature product on Lake Qiandaohu with long-term in situ buoy data. Overall, the PSC algorithm had the best performance, with a mean absolute percent error (MAPE) of 7.5% and root mean square difference (RMSE) of 1.7°C. With 36 years of Landsat data and the PSC algorithm, the spatiotemporal variations in LSWT were constructed. The Landsat-derived 36-year mean LSWT in Lake Qiandaohu ranged from 18.2 to 23.1°C, with a mean value of 20.2°C. The northeast and southwest subsegments had the minimum (19.7°C) and maximum (20.6°C) mean LSWT values, respectively. The spatial variations in LSWT could be explained in part by the water depth. From 1986 to 2021, a significant warming trend was observed in Lake Qiandaohu, with a warming rate of 0.07°C/year. The warming rate of Lake Qiandaohu was faster than that of the local air temperature (warming rate = 0.04°C/year). The LSWT warming in Lake Qiandaohu can mainly be attributed to the warming air temperatures. Lake warming has increased the thermal stability in Lake Qiandaohu and has had negative impact on the lake ecosystem. Our work highlights the importance of using satellite data to understand the responses of lake ecosystems to climate change.
Molecular basis of epigenetic regulation in cancer diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Tulsyan Sonam , Aftab Mehreen , Sisodiya Sandeep , Khan Asiya , Chikara Atul , Tanwar Pranay , Hussain Showket
Published: August 2022

The global cancer cases and mortality rates are increasing and demand efficient biomarkers for accurate screening, detection, diagnosis, and prognosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that variations in epigenetic mechanisms like aberrant promoter methylation, altered histone modification and mutations in ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling complexes play an important role in the development of carcinogenic events. However, the influence of other epigenetic alterations in various cancers was confirmed with evolving research and the emergence of high throughput technologies. Therefore, alterations in epigenetic marks may have clinical utility as potential biomarkers for early cancer detection and diagnosis. In this review, an outline of the key epigenetic mechanism(s), and their deregulation in cancer etiology have been discussed to decipher the future prospects in cancer therapeutics including precision medicine. Also, this review attempts to highlight the gaps in epigenetic drug development with emphasis on integrative analysis of epigenetic biomarkers to establish minimally non-invasive biomarkers with clinical applications.
Expression of lactate-related signatures correlates with immunosuppressive microenvironment and prognostic prediction in ewing sarcoma
Authors: Zhang Zhao , Pan Jingxin , Cheng Debin , Shi Yubo , Wang Lei , Mi Zhenzhou , Fu Jun , Tao Huiren , Fan Hongbin
Published: August 2022

Objectives: Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is an aggressive tumor of bone and soft tissue. Growing evidence indicated lactate as a pivotal mediator of crosstalk between tumor energy metabolism and microenvironmental regulation. However, the contribution of lactate-related genes (LRGs) in EWS is still unclear.

Methods: We obtained the transcriptional data of EWS patients from the GEO database and identified differentially expressed-LRGs (DE-LRGs) between EWS patient samples and normal tissues. Unsupervised cluster analysis was utilized to recognize lactate modulation patterns based on the expression profile of DE-LRGs. Functional enrichment including GSEA and GSVA analysis was conducted to identify molecular signaling enriched in different subtypes. ESTIMATE, MCP and CIBERSORT algorithm was used to explore tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) between subtypes with different lactate modulation patterns. Then, lactate prognostic risk signature was built via univariate, LASSO and multivariate Cox analysis. Finally, we performed qPCR analysis to validate candidate gene expression.

Result: A total of 35 DE-LRGs were identified and functional enrichment analysis indicated that these LRGs were involved in mitochondrial function. Unsupervised cluster analysis divided EWS patients into two lactate modulation patterns and we revealed that patients with Cluster 1 pattern were linked to poor prognosis and high lactate secretion status. Moreover, TIME analysis indicated that the abundance of multiple immune infiltrating cells were dramatically elevated in Cluster 1 to Cluster 2, including CAFs, endothelial cells, Macrophages M2, etc., which might contribute to immunosuppressive microenvironment. We also noticed that expression of several immune checkpoint proteins were clearly increased in Cluster 1 to Cluster 2. Subsequently, seven genes were screened to construct LRGs prognostic signature and the performance of the resulting signature was validated in the validation cohort. Furthermore, a nomogram integrating LRGs signature and clinical characteristics was developed to predict effectively the 4, 6, and 8-year prognosis of EWS patients.

Conclusion: Our study revealed the role of LRGs in immunosuppressive microenvironment and predicting prognosis in EWS and provided a robust tool to predict the prognosis of EWS patients.
Immunologic phenotype of patients with long-COVID syndrome of 1-year duration
Authors: García-Abellán Javier , Fernández Marta , Padilla Sergio , García José Alberto , Agulló Vanesa , Lozano Valle , Ena Nuria , García-Sánchez Lidia , Gutiérrez Félix , Masiá Mar
Published: August 2022

Background

The pathophysiology of long-COVID remains unknown, and information is particularly limited for symptoms of very long duration. We aimed to assess the serological, T-cell immune responses and ANA titers of patients with long-COVID-19 syndrome of 1-year duration.

Methods

Prospective, longitudinal study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients followed-up for 12 months. Sequential blood samples and COVID-19 symptom questionnaires (CSQ) were obtained, and humoral and cellular immune responses, antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and inflammation biomarkers were analyzed.

Results

Of 154 patients discharged from hospital, 72 non-vaccinated with available CSQ in all visits were included. Of them, 14 (19.4%) reported persistent symptoms both at 6-months and 12-months, mainly asthenia (15.3%), myalgia (13.9%), and difficulty concentrating/memory loss (13.9%). Symptomatic patients were more frequently women, smokers, showed higher WHO severity score, and a trend to higher ICU admission. In the adjusted analysis, long-COVID syndrome was associated with lower frequency of detectable neutralizing antibodies (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-0.99) and lower SARS-CoV-2-S1/S2 titers (aHR [95%CI] 0.14 [0.03–0.65]). T-cell immune response measured with a SARS-CoV-2-interferon-γ release assay was not different between groups. There was a higher frequency of positive ANA titers (≥160) in symptomatic patients (57.1% vs 29.3%, p=0.04), that was attenuated after adjustment aHR [95% CI] 3.37 [0.84-13.57], p=0.087. Levels of C-reactive protein and D-dimer were higher during follow-up in symptomatic patients, but with no differences at 12 months.

Conclusion

Patients with 1-year duration long-COVID-19 syndrome exhibit a distinct immunologic phenotype that includes a poorer SARS-CoV-2 antibody response, low-degree chronic inflammation that tends to mitigate, and autoimmunity.
Facing the Omicron variant—how well do vaccines protect against mild and severe COVID-19? Third interim analysis of a living systematic review
Authors: Külper-Schiek Wiebe , Piechotta Vanessa , Pilic Antonia , Batke Madeleine , Dreveton Léa-Sophie , Geurts Brogan , Koch Judith , Köppe Stefan , Treskova Marina , Vygen-Bonnet Sabine , Waize Maria , Wichmann Ole , Harder Thomas
Published: August 2022

Background

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant is currently the dominant variant globally. This third interim analysis of a living systematic review summarizes evidence on the effectiveness of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine (vaccine effectiveness, VE) and duration of protection against Omicron.

Methods

We systematically searched literature on COVID-19 for controlled studies, evaluating the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines approved in the European Union up to 14/01/2022, complemented by hand searches of websites and metasearch engines up to 11/02/2022. We considered the following comparisons: full primary immunization vs. no vaccination, booster immunization vs. no vaccination, and booster vs. full primary immunization. VE against any confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, symptomatic, and severe COVID-19 (i.e., COVID-19-related hospitalization, ICU admission, or death) was indicated, providing estimate ranges. Meta-analysis was not performed due to high study heterogeneity. The risk of bias was assessed with ROBINS-I, and the certainty of the evidence was evaluated using GRADE.

Results

We identified 26 studies, including 430 to 2.2 million participants, which evaluated VE estimates against infections with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. VE against any confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection ranged between 0–62% after full primary immunization and between 34–66% after a booster dose compared to no vaccination. VE range for booster vs. full primary immunization was 34–54.6%. After full primary immunization VE against symptomatic COVID-19 ranged between 6-76%. After booster immunization VE ranged between 3-84% compared to no vaccination and between 56-69% compared to full primary immunization. VE against severe COVID-19 ranged between 3-84% after full primary immunization and between 12-100% after booster immunization compared to no vaccination, and 100% (95% CI 71.4-100) compared to full primary immunization (data from only one study). VE was characterized by a moderate to strong decline within 3–6 months for SARS-CoV-2 infections and symptomatic COVID-19. Against severe COVID-19, protection remained robust for at least up to 6 months. Waning immunity was more profound after primary than booster immunization. The risk of bias was moderate to critical across studies and outcomes. GRADE certainty was very low for all outcomes.

Conclusions

Under the Omicron variant, the effectiveness of EU-licensed COVID-19 vaccines in preventing any SARS-CoV-2 infection is low and only short-lasting after full primary immunization, but can be improved by booster vaccination. VE against severe COVID-19 remains high and is long-lasting, especially after receiving the booster vaccination.
Serum peptidome profiles immune response of COVID-19 Vaccine administration
Authors: Zhang Wenjia , Li Dandan , Xu Bin , Xu Lanlan , Lyu Qian , Liu Xiangyi , Li Zhijie , Zhang Jian , Sun Wei , Ma Qingwei , Qiao Liang , Liao Pu
Published: August 2022

Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused significant loss of life and property. In response to the serious pandemic, recently developed vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been administrated to the public. Nevertheless, the research on human immunization response against COVID-19 vaccines is insufficient. Although much information associated with vaccine efficacy, safety and immunogenicity has been reported by pharmaceutical companies based on laboratory studies and clinical trials, vaccine evaluation needs to be extended further to better understand the effect of COVID-19 vaccines on human beings.

Methods

We performed a comparative peptidome analysis on serum samples from 95 participants collected at four time points before and after receiving CoronaVac. The collected serum samples were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to profile the serum peptides, and also subjected to humoral and cellular immune response analyses to obtain typical immunogenicity information.

Results

Significant difference in serum peptidome profiles by MALDI-TOF MS was observed after vaccination. By supervised statistical analysis, a total of 13 serum MALDI-TOF MS feature peaks were obtained on day 28 and day 42 of vaccination. The feature peaks were identified as component C1q receptor, CD59 glycoprotein, mannose-binding protein C, platelet basic protein, CD99 antigen, Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein, integral membrane protein 2B, platelet factor 4 and hemoglobin subunits. Combining with immunogenicity analysis, the study provided evidence for the humoral and cellular immune responses activated by CoronaVac. Furthermore, we found that it is possible to distinguish neutralizing antibody (NAbs)-positive from NAbs-negative individuals after complete vaccination using the serum peptidome profiles by MALDI-TOF MS together with machine learning methods, including random forest (RF), partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), linear support vector machine (SVM) and logistic regression (LR).

Conclusions

The study shows the promise of MALDI-TOF MS-based serum peptidome analysis for the assessment of immune responses activated by COVID-19 vaccination, and discovered a panel of serum peptides biomarkers for COVID-19 vaccination and for NAbs generation. The method developed in this study can help not only in the development of new vaccines, but also in the post-marketing evaluation of developed vaccines.
Assessment of the interactions between cetaceans and fisheries at the south of the Cetacean Migration Corridor and neighboring waters (Western Mediterranean)
Authors: Izquierdo-Serrano Mar , Revuelta Ohiana , Míguez-Lozano Raúl , Gozalbes Patricia , Ruiz-García David , Raga Juan Antonio , Tomás Jesús
Published: August 2022

The Cetacean Migration Corridor is an important marine protected area for cetacean species in the Western Mediterranean, and part of its waters constitute the main fishing grounds for the Valencia region (East Spain) fishing fleet. Here we aim to assess the interactions between all active fisheries operating in the waters of the Valencia region and the cetacean species inhabiting this area. A total of 282 face-to-face interviews (51.37% of the total fleet) to fishers were held on 20 ports at the study area to gather information about cetacean by-catch and all types of interactions between fisheries and cetaceans. The interviewed bottom trawlers (n= 148 boats) reported a monthly by-catch rate (C) of 0.01 dolphins per vessel. Bottom trawling vessels operating at neritic zones only reported by-catch of common bottlenose dolphin (C= 0.009), while those fishing at oceanic zones by-caught striped dolphin (C= 0.006) and common bottlenose dolphin (C= 0.003). The interviewed artisanal fishers (n = 114 boats), the second most important fishery in the study area, only reported one dolphin by-catch event, but 90 of these boats communicated continued negative interactions with the common bottlenose dolphin, causing gear damage and catch take. The interviewed vessels gave an estimation of their annual economic loss produced by this interaction (mean ± SD: 2,998.10 ± 2095.02 € per boat). Other fisheries operating in the Valencia region were purse-seiners (n= 15 boats) and pelagic longlines, a fishery that has almost disappeared in the study area (n= 5 boats). The first one had the highest estimated dolphin by-catch rate (C= 0.04) and mainly interacted with common bottlenose dolphin, but also with striped dolphin. The information gathered from interviews was complimented with long-term stranding data (1990–2020). Despite the fact that only 7.80% of all recorded stranded cetaceans showed fisheries interaction signs, 26.72% of the common bottlenose dolphins recorded showed evidence of this interaction, thus confirming that it is the cetacean species most affected by fisheries in the area. Records of stranded striped dolphin (6.45%) also showed evidence of fisheries interaction. Based on both dolphin by-catch and gear damage, management plans are needed in the area to ensure cetacean conservation and also fisheries sustainability in waters inside and around marine protected areas at the Spain’s Mediterranean.
Spatial variability in the abundance and prey selection of the corallivorous snail Drupella spp. in the southeastern Hainan Island, China
Authors: Lei Xinming , Liu Chengyue , Zhang Yuyang , Yu Xiaolei , Yang Jianhui , Luo Yong , Zhou Guowei , Huang Hui
Published: August 2022

Global climate change has caused extensive loss of biodiversity and ecosystem function globally, particularly in coral reefs in shallow tropical waters. As the corallivorous snails represent considerable disturbances to coral reefs across Indo-Pacific region, it is becoming a threat to coral health and recovery in the Hainan Island, South China Sea, but current-knowledge gap remains on the spatial distribution, prey preferences, and the influence factors related. Thus, we investigated the abundance distribution of Drupella spp. in relation to coral-prey selectivity, availability, and nutritional value. The snail density was heterogeneously distributed in the study area with an average of 0.72 ± 0.32 ind m−2 (varying from 0.09 ± 0.03 to 1.78 ± 0.39 ind m−2), and the snail density was found generally higher in locations with higher coral cover, which resulted in much lower density where their preferred corals became scarce. Despite the snails showing a positive preference for Acroporidae corals, they displayed dietary plasticity by changing with prey abundance and availability. Further, we found the electivity index of the coral prey related to the substrate types, and the nutritional value of prey was an additional important determinant in the prey preference, suggesting that the specific reef habitat and environmental context may alter the prey preference of Drupella spp. Combined, these results provide preliminary evidence that Drupella spp. is among the common corallivories in the reef regions of Hainan Island, and we recommend that large-scale monitoring programs assess the spatial-temporal trends to better understand the dynamics of predation linked to both anthropogenic and natural impacts.
Identification of N7-methylguanosine related signature for prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy prediction in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Zhouhua , Wang Wenjun , Wu Juan , Ye Xiaoqun
Published: August 2022

Background

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most frequent causes of tumor-related mortality worldwide. Recently, the role of N7-methylguanosine (m7G) in tumors has begun to receive attention, but no investigation on the impact of m7G on LUAD. This study aims to elucidate the significance of m7G on the prognosis and immunotherapy in LUAD.

Methods

Consensus clustering was employed to determine the molecular subtype according to m7G-related regulators extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Survival, clinicopathological features and tumor mutational burden (TMB) analysis were applied to research molecular characteristics of each subtype. Subsequently, “limma” package was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between subtypes. In the TCGA train cohort (n = 245), a prognostic signature was established by univariate Cox regression, lasso regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis according to DEGs and survival analysis was employed to assess the prognosis. Then the prognostic value of the signature was verified by TCGA test cohort (n = 245), TCGA entire cohort (n = 490) and GSE31210 cohort (n = 226). Moreover, the association among immune infiltration, clinical features and the signature was investigated. The immune checkpoints, TMB and tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) were applied to predict the immunotherapy response.

Results

Two novel molecular subtypes (C1 and C2) of LUAD were identified. Compared to C2 subtype, C1 subtype had poorer prognosis and higher TMB. Subsequently, the signature (called the “m7G score”) was constructed according to four key genes (E2F7, FAM83A, PITX3, and HOXA13). The distribution of m7G score were significantly different between two molecular subtypes. The patients with lower m7G score had better prognosis in TCGA train cohort and three verification cohort. The m7G score was intensively related to immune infiltration. Compared with the lower score, the higher m7G score was related to remarkable upregulation of the PD-1 and PD-L1, the higher TMB and the lower TIDE score.

Conclusion

This study established a m7G-related signature for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy in LUAD, which may contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for LUAD.
Performance and mechanisms of enhanced hydrolysis acidification by adding different iron scraps: Microbial characteristics and fate of iron scraps
Authors: Wang Yanqiong , Wang Hongwu , Jin Hui , Chen Hongbin
Published: August 2022

HA, as one of low-carbon pre-treatment technology could be enhanced by packing of iron or iron oxide powder for enhancing the transformation of large molecular weight to generate volatile fatty acids (VFAs) for fuel production. However, the controversy of iron strengthening the HA and inherent drawbacks of iron oxide, such as poor mass transfer, and difficult recovery, limit this pretreatment technology. Clean and rusty iron scraps were packed into an HA system to address these issues while focusing on the system performance and the response of core bacterial and fungal microbiomes to iron scrap exposure. Results showed that clean and rusty iron scraps can significantly improve the HA performance while considering hydrolysis efficiency (HE), acidification efficiency (AE) and VFAs production, given that VFAs ratios (Cacetate: Cpropionate: Cbutyrate) were changed from the 14:5:1 to 14:2:1 and 29:4:1, respectively, and the obtained VFAs ratios in iron scraps addition systems were more closely to the optimal VFAs ratio for lipids production. Redundant and molecular ecological network analyses indicated that iron scraps promote the system stability and acidogenesis capacity by boosting the complexity of microbes’ networks and enriching core functional microbes that show a positive response to HA performance, among which the relative abundance of related bacterial genera was promoted by 19.71 and 17.25% for RRusty and RClean systems. Moreover, except for the differences between the control and iron scraps addition systems, the findings confirmed that the RRusty system is slightly different from the RClean one, which was perhaps driven by the behavior of 6.20% of DIRB in RRusty system and only 1.16% of homoacetogens in RClean system when considering the microbial community and fate of iron scraps. Totally, the observed results highlight the application potential of the iron scrap-coupled HA process for the generation of VFAs and provide new insights into the response of different iron scraps in microbes communities.