bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 13 (1), January 31, 1988, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document E88‐001 at $2.50 (U.S.) by writing to AGU Orders, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009 or by calling toll free on 800‐424‐2488. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through the same address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $ 1. Subscriptions to SEAN Bulletin are also available from AGU Orders; the price is $18 for 12 monthly issues mailed to a U.S. address, $28 if mailed elsewhere, and must be prepaid.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 13(2), February 29, 1988, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document E88‐002 at $2.50 (U.S.) by writing to AGU Orders, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009 or by calling toll free on 800‐424‐2488. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through the same address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $ 1.
Directory of soil physicists
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The new International Directory of Soil Physicists, compiled by Philippe Baveye and Charles Boast (University of Illinois, Urbana), will be available in early June 1988. The directory has some 750 entries and a geographical index. It is not subject to copyright, may be freely duplicated, and will be updated annually. For more information, contact Philippe Baveye, Department of Agronomy , University of Illinois, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801; telephone: 217‐333‐3420.
NASA to fund solar maximum research
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

As part of its effort to study the 1991 solar maximum, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration is inviting proposals from scientists interested in flying instruments on high‐altitude balloons at the time of the solar maximum. The long‐duration balloon flights (LDBF) will provide an excellent opportunity for observing solar emissions. The flights will reach altitudes of 105 feet (∼3×104 m) and above and will last for time periods of days or weeks. The first flights will begin in 1990, and there may be additional flights as late as 1994.
Mineral Information Office opens
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines opened their Mineral Information Office June 21 in Washington, D.C. The new office joins the Survey's recently renovated Earth Science Information Center in the Department of Interior building.

The Mineral Information Office offers computer and video disc access to the geologic, geophysical, hydrologic, and cartographic information of both agencies, including the 127,000 items in the Survey's library and current statistics compiled by the Bureau of Mines on worldwide mineral production and use of more than 100 commodities. The staff has mineral experts to help customers.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 13 (5), May 31, 1988, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document E88‐004 at $2.50 (U.S.) by writing to AGU Orders, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009 or by calling toll free on 800‐424‐2488. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through the same address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $ 1. Subscriptions to SEAN Bulletin are also available from AGU‐Orders; the price is $18 for 12 monthly issues mailed to a U.S. address, $28 if mailed elsewhere, and must be prepaid. SEAN Bulletin is available on Kosmos. Type CHECK SEAN on Part A of Kosmos.
NSF Graduate School Grants
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation is offering graduate research grants for study leading to masters and doctoral degrees in the mathematical, physical, biological, engineering, and social sciences, as well as in the history and philosophy of science. These grants also support work toward some research‐based degrees in science education. The grants can be held for 3 years and come with a $12,300 annual stipend. NSF will pay a $6000 cost‐of‐education allowance to the grant recipient's school in lieu of tuition fees. In some cases, $1000 international research travel allowance is also available.
$12 million for undergrad science
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation is addressing the need to attract talented young people to fields of science, mathematics and engineering in its Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) program. The Fiscal Year 1988 allocation of $12 million supports about 3000 undergraduate students; $5 million of that went to create 140 new REU sites where about 1200 students are doing research. Most awards are $35,000–45,000.
Defense to Double Fellowship Grants
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Department of Defense will award in April 1989 about 150 new 3‐year graduate fellowships, in addition to the 140 grants already scheduled under the $10 million National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship Program. DOD started the program from concern that a declining number of U.S. citizens are pursuing advanced degrees in science and engineering fields important to national defense, according to the news release announcing the awards.

Fellowships go to students working toward doctoral degrees in aeronautical and astronautical engineering, biological sciences, chemical engineering, chemistry, cognitive, neural and behavioral sciences, computer sciences, electrical engineering, geosciences, manufacturing sciences, materials sciences, mathematics, mechanical engineering, naval architecture and ocean engineering, oceanography, physics, and toxicology.
New IAHS proceedings
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Side Effects of Water Resources Management, Report of an IHP‐III Working Group, Publ. No. 172, 1988, $40. Sediment Budgets, Proc. of the Porto Alegre Symposium, December 1988, Publ. No. 174, 1988, provisional price $60. Consequences of Spatial Variability in Aquifer Properties and Data Limitations for Groundwater Modeling Practice, Report of an IAHSIICGW Working Group, Publ. No. 175, 1988, $45. Karst Hydrogeology and Karst Environment Protection, Proceedings of the 21st Congress of the International Association of Hydrogeologists (sponsored by IAHS).
New award for young scientist
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Geological Society of America is soliciting nominations for its new Young Scientist Award, the gold Donath Medal. An endow merit established by Fred A. Donath and his wife makes possible the medal and a cash prize, $10,000 this year, to a scientist who is 35 or younger. In addition, the winner will be given a complimentary life membership in GSA and complimentary lifetime affiliation in the GSA divisions of the medalist's choice.

The first award will be given at the 1989 GSA annual meeting in November in St. Louis. The award will be made on the basis of outstanding achievement in contributing to geologic knowledge through original research that marks a major advance in the Earth sciences.
Space physics program
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration solicits proposals for Fiscal Year 1990 for the support of basic research in the general area of space physics, including cosmic and heliospheric physics, solar physics, magnetospheric physics, and ionospheric physics.

The Space Physics Division of NASA supports investigations of the origin, evolution, and interactions of particles and electromagnetic fields in space plasmas. Focus of their studies is on interactions between solar wind and solar system bodies, including studies of the ionosphere and magnetospheres of the Earth, other planets, comets, primordial bodies, and of magnetosphere‐ionosphere‐atmosphere interactions; on the Sun as a star and source of solar system energy, plasma, and energetic particles; and on the origin, acceleration, and transport of solar and galactic cosmic rays.
ONR supports “educators”
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Office of Naval Research announced a new program that supports ocean scientists (“Educators”) who have a distinguished record of educating high‐quality doctoral or postdoctoral students and who will be able to draw postdoctoral scientists from other disciplines into the ocean sciences.

To be eligible, Educators must be U.S. citizens. U.S. institutions that offer doctoral degrees in the ocean sciences, plan to attract and train postdoctoral students from other disciplines, and have a commitment to ocean science education at the postdoctoral level are encouraged to participate. As many as five awards will be made by grants to institutions for a period of 3 years at $75,000 per year (at least $65,000 is intended for direct support of Fellows).
Los Alamos offers Fellowships
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico is calling for applications for postdoctoral appointments and research fellowships. The positions are available in geoscience as well as other scientific disciplines.

The laboratory, which is operated by the University of California for the Department of Energy, awards J. Robert Oppenheimer Research Fellowships to scientists that either have or will soon complete doctoral degrees. The appointments are for two years, are renewable for a third year, and carry a stipend of $51,865 per year. Potential applicants should send a resume or employment application and a statement of research goals to Carol M. Rich, Div. 89, Human Resources Development Division, MS P290, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 by mid‐November.
In Memoriam
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Gunnar Bodvarsson, 72, an AGU member since 1950 in the Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology section, died on May 9, 1989.
Professorships for women
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Three geophysicists have been named National Science Foundation Visiting Professors. They are among 27 scientists and engineers selected by NSF for the 1989–1990 Visiting Professorships for Women program.

VPW participants do advanced research and teach at host institutions. They also guide and encourage women interested in research careers. VPW activities at the host institution, such as special seminars or publications, increase awareness of students and faculty of the contributions of women scientists and engineers to the nation's scientific effort and demonstrate to students, especially women, opportunities for careers in science and engineering.
Reply [to “Snowbird II: Global catastrophes comment: Meteorite impact, mass extinction and Deccan volcanism”]
Authors: Chapman Clark R.
Published: October 2011

I did not intend my report on the Global Catastrophes meeting to rule out a contributing role for volcanism in the history of terrestrial mass extinctions. Nor did I suggest that there was necessarily no relationship between impacts and some volcanism. Indeed, I reported on evidence that might link periodic impacts with periodic terrestrial volcanism, an idea that Hooper advocates. But Hooper's argument that Deccan volcanism was integrally responsible for the K‐T extinctions is not compelling.
Computers for GIS
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis at the University of California at Santa Barbara (UCSB) announced October 30 a joint project with International Business Machines Corp. to work on the next generation of geographic information systems (GIS).

Under the 3‐year contract, IBM's University and College Systems organization will supply $23 million in computer equipment. The center will evaluate the IBM hardware and software and make available to IBM hardware, software, curriculums and other materials developed using the computers.
Exploration Project
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Colorado School of Mines in Golden and International Business Machines Corp. are starting a project to use computer networks to integrate Earth science disciplines. Under the 3‐year contract IBM will give CMS a network of PS/2 personal computers, workstations and software worth $1.7 million. The aim is to integrate geophysics, geology and petroleum engineering at the school. Research areas include finding and producing new sources of raw materials, addressing waste management issues, and identifying and mapping geologic hazards.
AIP Congressional Fellowship
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Applications are now being accepted for the American Institute of Physics' Congressional Science Fellowship Program for 1990–1991. The fellow will serve as a special legislative assistant on either a congressional committee or on the staff of a member of Congress. The Congressional Science Fellowship Program was organized by the American Association for the Advancement of Science and includes 15 sponsoring societies.

Qualifications for the AlP‐sponsored, 1‐year fellowship are a demonstrated Ph.D.‐level competence in physics or a related field, membership in an AIP member society, U.S. citizenship or permanent U.S. resident status, and an interest in applying scientific knowledge within the legislative process.
1989 Bowie Medal to Walter H. Munk
Authors: Revelle Roger
Published: October 2011

The Bowie Medal is the highest honor the American Geophysical Union can bestow. It is given for unselfish cooperation in research. No one fits this theme better than Walter Munk. His entire career has been spent in generous cooperation with other scientists, both his students, his contemporaries, and his seniors.
NSF grant reductions
Authors: Jones R.
Published: October 2011

Many National Science Foundation grants will be reduced this year as a result of a provision in H.R. 3299. The provision stems from disagreement between the Congress and the administration on how to make budget deficit cuts required by the Gramm‐Rudman‐Hollings budget law. An agreement was made to cut $4.55 billion through a reduction in discretionary spending, by what amounts to 1.4% across‐the‐board. The cuts will affect all discretionary federal domestic and defense programs.
A year as Congressional Science Fellow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

I have carried out many different types of activities while working as an Earth scientist over the last 20 years, but the past year was extremely different from those that preceded it. During most of my career I have engaged in investigative activities mandated at one level or another by Congressional edict. Often during my work I have pondered how well we, as scientists, communicate with decision makers (let alone with each other). Two years ago it seemed likely that I would be moving to Washington, D.C., and this provided me with the long‐desired opportunity to compete for the American Geophysical Union Congressional Science Fellowship in order to learn about such communication first hand, as well as to learn about the legislative application of Earth science information.
U.S. to sponsor U.N. in space year
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The United Nations will participate in the 1992 International Space Year's mission to planet Earth through a program sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and U.S. Geological Survey. The U.N. General Assembly endorsed ISY in December 1989 and decided to focus its activities on education and training programs for developing nations.

Through the program, U.S. environmental satellite information will be transferred to U.N. agencies and training will be offered to U.N. member nations on how to use the information for environmental protection and resource management. Program objectives include locating pollution sources and evaluating coastal erosion, deforestation, changes in agricultural productivity, and urban growth.
Hydrology Section Water Quality Committee
Authors: Bencala Kenneth E.
Published: October 2011

Aquatic chemistry and ecology are integral components in the hydrologic cycle. Within the AGU Hydrology Section we have the opportunity to discuss the transport links between hydrology and processes determining water quality. This linkage has been a focus for special sessions organized by the Water Quality Committee in recent years. In addition to the special sessions at the Fall and Spring Meetings, a Chapman Conference was convened last September by M. Robbins Church and George Hornberger. The Conference on Hydrogeochemical Responses of Forested Catchment brought together geochemists, ecologists, and hydrologists. The Conference serves as a good example of the role the Hydrology Section can have in fostering better communications among the traditional research disciplines of the Earth sciences.
ASTM Subcommittee develops standards
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Under ASTM Committee D‐18 on Soil and Rock, Subcommittee D‐18.21 on Ground Water and Vadose Zone Investigations is developing standards for methods and materials used in the conduct of ground water and vadose zone investigations and monitoring. The Subcommittee is chaired by David M. Nielsen of Blasland, Bouck, and Lee, Inc., Westerville, Ohio; vice‐chairman is Ivan Johnson of A. Ivan Johnson, Inc., Arvada, Colo.; and secretary is Joseph D. Ritchey of Heritage Remediation/Engineering, Inc., Toledo, Ohio.
GCMs and remote sensing
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A special session, “Applications of Remote Sensing in General Circulation Models,” at the AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco focused on the use of remote sensing in the development, calibration, and evaluation of atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs). The products of satellite remote sensing technology show great potential for use in GCM development, since (unlike surface measurements) they can take the form of global, multitemporal data fields defined at spatial scales consistent with GCM grid spacing. While much of this potential still seems untapped, the six papers presented at the session demonstrate that several applications of the data are being explored.
1990 AGU Medalists
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

AGU takes great pride in announcing the recipients of the 1990 AGU Medals, the highest honors presented by the Union. These outstanding scientists have been chosen by a select committee of their peers for their significant contributions in one or more aspects of geophysics.

The William Bowie Medal for outstanding contributions to fundamental geophysics and for unselfish cooperation in research is awarded to Eugene N. Parker of the Astrophysics Laboratory of the University of Chicago.
Drake appointed
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

AGU Past President Charles L. Drake has been appointed to the new President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology. The 13‐member council, named February 2, is chaired by D. Allan Bromley, science advisor to President George Bush, and reports directly to the president. The last presidental science council served President Richard Nixon, who disbanded it in 1972.
NSF plans for 1991 eclipse
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation plans to support observations related to the total eclipse of the Sun in July 1991. The proposal deadline for logistics or science support is March 30, 1990.

We are considering establishing a base camp in Baja, California. Costs of transportation for team members and their equipment from their home institution and logistics support at the camp (food, shelter, power, etc.) would be provided. Arrangements for import‐export of equipment to and from the United States‐Mexico would be handled by a contractor supported by NSF.
Professional certification and registration: What you need to know
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A definite and accelerating move towards certification and registration seems to be taking place among the hydrologic, water resources, environmental, and related disciplines. Just a few examples about recent actions in this direction may be in order.

In April 1989, the Association of State Boards of Geology was formed. Representatives from Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, North and South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia met to discuss the issues of reciprocity and written examinations. In New Hampshire the state legislature recommended the Board of Natural Scientists be restructured to handle licensing or certification of geologists as well as soil scientists.
Hydrogeology and history of Washington, D.C.
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

For Washington, D.C., inhabitants or anyone planning a trip to the area, interesting information on the hydrology, geology, and natural and cultural history is available.

To provide geographic and historical background for field trips in the area, a book was published for the 28th International Geological Congress, held in Washington in July 1989. Geology, Hydrology, and History of the Washington, D.C. Area, edited by John E. Moore of the U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va., and Julia A. Jackson of the American Geological Institute, Alexandria, Va., describes such interesting items as the Washington Canal, which ran from the Potomac River to the Capitol and is now Constitution Avenue, and the Cabin John Aqueduct, where a 297‐foot granite arch was the longest masonry arch in the world for 40 years. The aqueduct has carried water to Washington since 1863. The 114‐page book contains many historic photographs and maps and can be purchased from the American Geological Institute, 4220 King Street, Alexandria, VA 22302‐1507, tel. 703‐379‐2480.
U.S. JGOFS 1990 research
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The U.S. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study, moving toward a fully operational phase in the 1990s, announces an opportunity to participate in global ocean flux research. Other announcements were reported in Eos, October 3 (p. 885), and November 28 (p. 1515), 1989, and a fourth, for research in the central equatorial Pacific, will be made soon.

U.S. JGOFS is a component of the U.S. Global Change Research Program and is the U.S. component of JGOFS as sponsored by the Scientific Committee for Ocean Research. It is a Core Project of the International Geosphere Biosphere Program.
FROGS report
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

FROGS Reports present information on current research relevant to felsic magmatism, including commentaries on problems of current interest. Please contact Calvin Miller, Geology, 6028B, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235; tel. 615‐322‐2986 about your own research, conferences, and ideas for stimulating commentaries.
GEM launches funded campaign
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Geospace Environment Modeling Program is ready to launch its first funded campaign, targeted at the magnetospheric boundary and its coupling through the magnetosphere to the ionosphere. With the precampaign Theory Workshop held in February 1989, and the Observations Workshop held in October 1989, the program has completed the studies needed to define the campaign's goals and agenda. The two workshop reports give the community's consensus assessment of the problems that need to be solved and the approaches to solving them. The steering committee is using the reports to prepare an Announcement of Opportunity (AO) that will be distributed to all who wish to propose to the National Science Foundation (Magnetospheric Physics Program) to participate in the campaign. According to the present, tentative, schedule, the AO will be out in August, proposals will be due in November, announcements of decisions will take place in January, and funding will start in March or April 1991. It is anticipated that the funding level will be about $0.5 million for the first year and will ramp up substantially in following years. The funding level, however, does not measure the full size of the community that will be involved, since many who are already funded by NSF, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and other agencies, as well as international scientists, will also participate.
Stanley Shawhan remembered
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Stanley Shawhan, former head of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, recently passed away. The following is a memorial given at his funeral service by S. M. Krimigis in Washington, D.C., on June 27:

I'm honored to have this opportunity to speak as one of many of Stan's friends, also as a representative of NASA's Space Science and Applications Advisory Committee, whose chairman, Dr. Berrien Moore is out of the country and could not be here with us today.
Workshop on Solar Flares and Magnetospheric Substorms
Authors: Akasofu S.‐K. , Fisher G. H. , Kan J. R. , Sturrock P. A.
Published: October 2011

Among many of the fascinating phenomena displayed by nature, there are a number that involve the generation, storage, and subsequent dissipation of electromagnetic energy. Solar flares and magnetospheric substorms are two notable examples that occur in the solar system. A workshop dealing with these two phenomena, “Workshop on Solar Flares and Magnetospheric Substorms,” was held March 26–30, 1990, at the East‐West Center on the University of Hawaii campus at Manoa—an efficient but delightful setting for scientific interaction. The workshop was unique in that solar physicists and magnetospheric physicists, about 25 from each group, gathered together in a single conference hall to discuss practically all aspects of both solar flares and magnetospheric substorms. Participants came from Australia, Germany, Japan, Scotland, Sweden, Switzerland and the United States
Ocean Science Educator Award
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Office of Naval Research announces a program to identify and support academic ocean scientists (“Educators”) who have a distinguished record of educating high‐quality doctoral and/or postdoctoral students and who will, under this program, draw postdoctoral scientists from other disciplines into the ocean sciences. Named “Educators” must be U.S. citizens with research and training experience in the ocean sciences and must have a current research and teaching position at a U.S. institution that confers doctoral degrees in ocean sciences.

Participation is sought from U.S. institutions that confer doctoral degrees in one or more areas of ocean sciences; show a viable plan to identify, attract, and train, in the ocean sciences, U.S. citizen post‐docs (Fellows) from other disciplines; and can show institutional commitment to ocean science education at the doctoral level. Three awards will be made via grants to institutions for a period of 3 years at $75,000 per year (at least $65,000 of these funds are intended for direct support of Fellows).
Rise and fall of paleomagnetic research at Carnegie's DTM
Authors: LeGrand H. E.
Published: October 2011

The Department of Terrestrial Magnetism of the Carnegie Institution in Washington, D.C., was established in 1904 to solve two puzzles: the origins of the geomagnetic and the geoelectric fields. For the first, the DTM gathered data on secular variation, magnetic “storms,” and similar phenomena. By the 1930s the program had produced masses of observations but no solutions.

Under the leadership of E. A. Johnson and A. G. McNish, DTM in the late 1930s took up a new and promising approach—the use of paleomagnetic results to resolve two major disputes. One centered on the origin of the geomagnetic field; the other, on the possibility of continental drift. By the 1940s DTM had become the preeminent center for research in paleomagnetism. By the late 1950s that research had virtually ceased at DTM. Elsewhere, such a program in the hands of others was by then achieving considerable success.
Planning for chemical air‐sea exchange research
Authors: Huebert B.J. , Bates T. S. , Bandy A. , Larsen S. , Duce R. A.
Published: October 2011

The International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) Programme has been created in response to growing international concern about rapid atmospheric chemical changes and their impact on mankind. This program, while emphasizing atmospheric composition and chemistry, recognizes that the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, land, and biota form an interacting system that collectively determine the global environment and its susceptibility to change. The IGAC Programme is intended to be a vital contributor to the broader interdisciplinary program of the International Geosphere Biosphere Programme (IGBP), providing the important atmospheric chemistry component and recognizing its linkages with the biosphere and human activities. The IGAC Programme is building on existing national programs by providing the international cooperation whereby essential scientific endeavors can be accomplished, even though they involve large demands for man power, technology, geographic coverage, or monetary resources beyond the capability of a single nation.
Free report from Liquefaction Workshop
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The technical report Proceedings From the 2nd U.S.‐Japan Workshop on Liquefaction, Large Ground Deformation and Their Effects on Lifelines is available free of charge from the National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, headquartered at the State University of New York at Buffalo. The 499‐page proceedings contain more than 30 reports on case studies of liquefaction and earthquake‐induced ground deformation from previous earthquakes in the U.S. and Japan.
Gold found in Lau back‐arc sulfides
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

High concentrations of gold and visible gold‐bearing phases have been found in sulfides from the Central Valu Fa Ridge, a spreading center in the Lau back‐arc basin west of the Tonga Trench, southwest Pacific. This is believed to be the first known occurrence of visible gold in sulfides from active vents on the seafloor, according to Peter Herzig of the Aachen University of Technology, Federal Republic of Germany, and Mark D. Hannington of the Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa. Samples were collected during the NAUTILAU Cruise April 17–May 10, 1989 (see Eos, May 1, 1990, p. 678), which consisted of a scientific team from France, Germany, and Tonga that studied the processes of seafloor ore‐mineral formation associated with hydrothermal circulation along the volcanic Valu Fa Ridge. The cruise recorded the first observation of an active black smoker hydrothermal field in a back‐arc environment.
Editors' citations: Excellence in refereeing
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The reviewers whose photographs appear below have been cited by editors of AGU's journals for excellence in refereeing. The time and diligence contributed by these reviewers enhance the quality of AGU's journals. The editor's citation recognizes this special service to the Union, and the individuals who are listed below are to be commended for consistently providing constructive and thoughtful reviews.
Papike appointed Director of IOM
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

James Papike was appointed director of the Institute of Meteoritics in the Department of Geology and Presidential Professor at the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, on July 1, 1990. Papike succeeded Klaus Keil, who moved to the University of Hawaii to direct the Planetary Geoscience Division at the Hawaii Institute of Geosciences.

The newly constituted IOM will emphasize planetary volcanic processes through the study of achondritic meteorites, the Moon, and Earth, and the origin of primitive solar system materials and planetary formation through the study of chondritic meteorites.
Geophysics News 1992
Authors: Knopman Debra
Published: October 2011

For the third consecutive year, AGU has published Geophysics News, a collection of short articles about new research findings from the past year. The purpose of Geophysics News is to bring a sampling of the most significant research stories to light each year in a form that is readily accessible to journalists. It is hoped that Geophysics News will encourage journalists to develop these stories for circulation to the general public. As an integral part of AGU's public information program, Geophysics News ultimately seeks to better inform the public about the year's most significant research results in the Earth and space sciences.
In Memoriam
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

William W. Fowlis died in 1991 at age 56. He had been a member of AGU (Atmospheric Sciences) since 1964.

Stanley P. Hayes, 49, died in 1992. He joined AGU (Ocean Sciences) in 1972.
In Memoriam
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Memoriam AGU Fellow Walter M. Elsasser died recently at age 89. He had been a member (Tectonophysics) since 1945.

Clyde N. Lindner, 59, died on April 5. He joined AGU (Athmospheric Sciences) in 1963.
Response
Authors: Alexander Peter
Published: October 2011

Duhau's paper does indeed put forward one possible alternative for the description of the collisionless heat conduction in the solar wind. Other solutions have also been proposed (e.g., Hollweg [1976], Scudder [1992]). I believe the matter is still open, and in my review I have chosen to leave it at that, rather than cite any particular proposal to the possible detriment of others. It should be taken into account that it is not possible to cover every topic in detail in a 20‐Kbyte article that deals with 300 years of history.
Heads up
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The International Geosphere Biosphere Programme (IGBP) has named Christopher G. Rapley as its new executive director. Rapley, a physicist with expertise in Earth observation, high energy astronomy, and solar physics, now heads the remote sensing program and is associate director of the Department of Space and Climate Physics at Mullard Space Science Laboratory at University College London.
Russia report
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Along with cementing the joint Shuttle‐Mir Program in late June with a $400 million contract, the U.S. and Russia signed a deal to team up on global environmental issues. Under the agreement, U.S. and Russian scientists will establish modern facilities for petroleum research, including advanced geographic systems technology, petroleum geochemistry, and seismic processing to help Russia transition to a “market” economy, Interior Secreary Bruce Babbitt reports. The program, to be funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development, will produce maps, technical reports, and other data for investment decisions.
Lofty advice
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

AGU's Mario J. Molina, the Lee and Geraldine Martin professor of Environmental Sciences at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, made President Clinton's new Committee of Advisers on Science, which was unveiled last week. Along with 17 other distinguished representatives, such as Shirley M. Malcolm, head of the education and human resource program directorate at the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and Judith Rodin, president of the University of Pennsylvania, Molina will advise the president on science and technology issues and help guide related federal investments toward national goals.
SWMM news and notes
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Stormwater management modelers now have a new publication:Storm Water Management Modelling News and Notes. SWMM News and Notes features articles concerning new developments and research in the stormwater field, as well as new product reviews, dissertations, and books.
Biosphere 2 anew
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The seven scientists who volunteered to live in Biosphere 2 for the past 6.5 months will be reentering the real world this Saturday, September 17, as Biosphere's new management team shifts into high gear to revitalize the $150 million sealed ecosystem's science plan. The new management team stepped in April 1 after a court order obtained by the project's owner Ed Bass kicked out its then prevailing management team. In mid‐August, Biosphere 2 announced that it had joined forces with Columbia University's Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory in a nonprofit venture to set a new research agenda for the reportedly troubled 3.2‐acre facility. Biosphere has commissioned about a dozen white papers to be written during the next 7 months to help articulate the optimum science program. “The past really isn't the issue,” says biogeochemist Bruno Marino, Biosphere's new research director.
Naming names
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The tiny, 1.5‐km wide moon that NASA's Galileo mission discovered and photographed around the asteroid Ida no longer has to go by the nondescript appellation of “it.” The International Astronomical Union (IAU) has formally bestowed the name of Dactyl on Ida's moon. Dactyl is derived from the Dactyli, a group of mythological beings who lived on Mount Ida, where the infant Zeus was hidden by the nymph Ida and protected by the Dactyli, according to some mythological accounts. The IAU, which is responsible for naming all solar system bodies, also approved names for the surface features on another asteroid called Gaspra, which was visited by Galileo in October of 1991. Gaspra was the first asteroid to be visited by a spacecraft.
In Memoriam
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Allen Montgomery Peterson died August 17, 1994, at age 72. He had been a member (SPA‐Aeronomy and Solar Physics) since 1959.

C. F. Stewart Sharpe died August 21, 1994, at age 86. He had been a life member (Ocean Sciences) since 1940.
New USBM chief
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Rhea L. Graham, a geologist with a background in environmental consulting and engineering geology, became the 19th director of the U.S. Bureau of Mines (USBM) last month. On taking the helm, Graham said, “I believe that the agency has a vital role to play in helping the nation solve its mineral‐related problems—problems that involve involve our environmental and economic goals, as well as basic human issues, such as worker health and safety.”
In Brief: Volcanic Vermell
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Colombian police used to play soccer inside the 4200‐m high Galeras volcano until it reactivated in 1989. More recently, Galeras erupted on January 14, 1993, killing six scientists and three civilians. On site at the time, Fraser Goff, a geochemist at Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, was fortunate to have been collecting samples for his work on tritium content of magmatic fluids at a safe distance from the eruption. But Goff s luck didn't end there. A week later a guide asked Goff if he wanted to see some gold. Although Goff didn't take the guide seriously at first, he soon learned that the Colombian Galeras volcano was in fact spewing about 0.5 kg of gold a day. However, the amount of gold emitted can greatly fluctuate, depending on the volcano's daily output of ash and gas, which averages about 500 tons of sulfur dioxide a day. Gold concentrations in various rock samples near the conduit contained as much as 2.5 ppm, whereas samples from a vein cutting older Galeras rocks contained 22–269 ppm, says Goff, who reported his findings at a recent Geological Society of America meeting in Seattle. Although economic geologists have known about the association between precious metals and exhumed volcanoes for some time, the report marks the first time scientists have documented gold being deposited in the conduit rocks of an active volcano.
Moon population
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Saturn may have more moons than scientists previously observed. In fact, scientists believe that they may have identified seven new moons for a total of 27 satellites encircling the planet. On the basis of a new analysis of a select cut of images from Voyager 2's recent bounty, astronomers from London's Westfield College reported the finding this month at the annual meeting of the Division, for Planetary Sciences of the American Astronomical Society. The scientists pinpointed the objects by zeroing in on a conspicuous region of Saturn's ring system that appeared to have a deficient population of charged particles.
Cut the fat
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Mismanagement at NASA has landed more than $14 billion in government equipment in the hands of contractors, according to a recent report by the House Government Operations Committee. The report also charges that poor management has enabled contractors to take home excessive profits and award fees—even when the projects had major cost overruns. For example, the contractor for NASA's gamma ray observatory garnered a $5 million bonus, despite the project's $40 million budget overrun. All this occurs at a time when budgets for basic research are fragile: Slowly but surely, project after project seems to be canceled or downscaled from the space station to the Explorer program to a proposed Pluto Fast Fly‐By mission. Despite recent space agency efforts to reform procurement and management, the report found that “poor financial management practices undermine NASA's effectiveness and efficiency.” The solution?
In Memoriam
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

William O Field died June 16, 1994. He was a supporting member (Hydrology), joining AGU in 1936.

Ulrich Siegenthaler died July 14, 1994, at age 53. He was an AGU Fellow and a member (Ocean Sciences) since 1984.
Rocky relationship
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The core of the Earth is a little younger than previously thought, according to two University of Michigan geochemists. Studying the composition of rocks and meteorites, the pair believe they have found direct evidence that Earth's metallic core and its moon formed no less than 62 million years after the creation of the solar system. Previous estimates had placed core formation anywhere from 15–50 million years after the solar system got started.

Der‐Chuen Lee and Alexander Halliday used a process known as MC‐ICPMS (multiple collector inductively coupled plasma magnetic sector mass spectrometry) to compare Hafnium and tungsten isotopes in chondrites (primitive meteorites), silicate Earth rocks, lunar basalt from the Apollo 14 mission, and two iron meteorites, which are considered to be remnants of the original cores of small planetesimals.
Greener space
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

If all goes well, the meals eaten on space flights could get a bit tastier. NASA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) have set aside $5 million over the next five years to help scientists improve nutrition in space.

“A low‐gravity environment leaves plants confused,” said Steven Huber of the USDA's Agricultural Research Service. “Gravity guides root growth. Without it, growth can go haywire—roots can grow upward out of the soil.” Huber and other scientists suspect that weightlessness upsets a plant's calcium metabolism.
An atmospheric alternative
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A common goal of world governments is to reduce the anthropogenic effect on the global atmosphere within the next 100 to 200 years. But there may be more than one path to that goal, according to three scientists who offered an alternative to the current timetable recommendations of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and other United Nations panels.

Current proposals from the IPCC recommend immediate and sizable reductions in carbon‐dioxide emissions and a relatively rapid transition away from fossil fuels in order to gradually stabilize atmospheric CO2 concentrations by 2150.
Dry idea
Authors: Carlowicz Michael
Published: October 2011

A century before the federal government established a council for “sustainable development,” John Wesley Powell was touting the idea as way to tame the American West. Powell's quiver of intellectual tools included one that modern environmentalists swear by: integrated assessment.
Confidential decision
Authors: Carlowicz Michael
Published: October 2011

In a decision announced May 24, the DC Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the right of the National Science Foundation (NSF) to withhold the names of individuals who review specific grant and award proposals during the agency's peer‐review process. The Circuit Court's unanimous decision upheld a previous decision in federal district court.
Public knows the value of science, but not the meaning
Authors: Carlowicz MichaelMichael
Published: October 2011

The first of two parts in a series.

Americans love science, they just don't necessarily understand it. That is the message of Science & Engineering Indicators 1996, a compendium of statistics on science funding, education, and public attitudes toward science. The report was researched and drafted under the guidance of the National Science Board of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
Skills core
Authors: Lawson Laura
Published: October 2011

Constantly changing technology and increasing competition mean that private companies are aggressively seeking new employees with high levels of technological literacy, good judgment, and communication and team‐building skills. Industry also needs workers educated in science, math, engineering, and technology. But which of these skills are most important? Researchers at Indian River Community College at Fort Pierce, Fla., will attempt to answer that question with an NSF grant of nearly $1 million.
Minority Fellowships
Authors: Carlowicz Michael
Published: October 2011

In an effort to increase the number of ethnic minorities on the faculties of American colleges and universities, the Ford Foundation is offering fellowships to members of six groups who have been severely underrepresented in academia.

In a program administered by the National Research Council (NRC), the Ford Foundation is offering 50 three‐year predoctoral fellowships ($14,000 per year, plus a $6000 annual institutional grant) and 25 one‐year dissertation fellowships ($18,000 for one year) to Native American Indians, Alaskan natives (Eskimos, Aleuts), Black/African Americans, Mexican Americans/Chicanos, Native Pacific Islanders (Polynesians and Micronesians), and Puerto Ricans. Fellowships will be awarded in the behavioral and social sciences, humanities, engineering, mathematics, physical sciences, life sciences, or interdisciplinary programs composed of two or more of those disciplines. The predoctoral fellowships are intended for beginning graduate students; the dissertation fellowships are designed to provide support for students in their final year.
Hole‐some winds
Authors: Carlowicz Michael
Published: October 2011

The elliptical hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica is back, and it is already twice the size of Europe, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) reports. An annual feature of the austral spring for at least the past few decades, the ozone hole “appeared earlier than in recent years” and had already grown to 20 million km2 by the week of September 24–30, researchers from the WMO told Reuters.

The largest ozone hole on record formed in 1995, when the gap in Earth's ultraviolet radiation‐blocking layer expanded to 22 million km2. Atmospheric concentrations of ozone over the South Pole dipped as low as 129 Dobson units in 1995, and this year's hole has already shown Dobson values below 180, a 45% decline from the normal ozone shield. The total ozone minimum over Antarctica is typically observed in mid‐October.