bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern Aspects of Celiac Disease Diagnosis in Children
Authors: Kamalova Aelita A. , Timofeeva Daria O. , Shakirova Almazia R.
Published: December 2020

Celiac disease is an immune-mediated systemic disorder caused by gluten in people with genetic predisposition. Celiac disease is characterized by wide range of clinical manifestations (both gastroenterological and extraintestinal), that can complicate the diagnosis. Thus, celiac disease often remains undiagnosed. ESPGHAN has published updated clinical guidelines with adjusted coeliac disease diagnosis algorithms in 2020. It is proposed to determine antibodies to tissue transglutaminase (TGA-IgA) and total IgA within normal content of gluten-containing products in the diet on the first stage of children screening. The diagnosis of celiac disease can be established without small intestine biopsy in case of increased levels of TGA-IgA ≥ 10 of upper limit of normal and presence of antibodies to endomysium (EMA-IgA) in secondary serum. In such cases, ESPGHAN does not recommend any additional genetic testing to confirm celiac disease as it does not increase the reliability of the diagnosis. Antigen tests on class G or A antibodies against native gliadin are not specific and are not recommended for use in the diagnosis of celiac disease.
Research Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in “Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences”
Authors: Murashkin Nikolay N. , Epishev Roman V. , Materikin Alexander I. , Ambarchian Eduard T. , Opryatin Leonid A. , Ivanov Roman A.
Published: December 2020

Federation Skin lesions with development of erosive-ulcerative defects and impaired skin barrier function are common for large number of diseases. Successful epithelization of skin defects depends on the wound process, body’s compensatory functions, environmental factors and correctly selected treatment. Comprehensive treatment should include systemic and local therapy as well as current dressings. The article shows current dressings possibilities the treatment of various skin diseases, outlines all pros and cons of the major current dressings.
Clinical Features of Cutaneous Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplantation in Children with Hemato-Oncological Diseases
Authors: Belysheva Tatiana S. , Aliev Timur Z. , Valiev Timur T. , Machneva Elena B. , Sidorova Natalia V. , Murashkin Nikolay N. , Kirgizov Kirill I. , Varfolomeeva Svetlana R.
Published: December 2020

The graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is frequent complication, it occurs in 50% of patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and it is one of the major causes of mortality not associated with disease recurrence. Skin lesion in the symptom complex of acute GvHD develops within the first 100 days after HSCT, and it is complicated diagnostic and therapeutic problem. Significant immunosuppressive status of children during the posttransplant period enhances and changes the course of dermatoses, infections, drug toxicity. Finally, it can lead to immunoallergic processes with possible development to generalized life-threatening diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Meanwhile, toxic, allergic and infectious skin lesions can be present simultaneously or develop sequentially. The description of the clinical picture of skin lesions in acute GvHD is really crucial and has scientific and practical significance due to relatively small frequency of HSCT in children with oncology diseases. The article summarizes data on etiology, pathogenesis, clinical forms, diagnostic and treatment methods of cutaneous complications of the early post-transplantation period after HSCT.
Ustekinumab Efficacy and Safety in Children with Plaque, Erythrodermic and Palmoplanar Forms of Psoriasis: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Murashkin Nikolay N. , Ambarchian Eduard T. , Epishev Roman V. , Materikin Alexander I. , Opryatin Leonid A. , Ivanov Roman A. , Kukoleva Daria S. , Pomazanova Marina Y. , Kuptsova Daria G. , Kozyr Yana V. , Bakulev Andrey L.
Published: December 2020

Background. The study of psoriasis biological therapy aspects in children has certain topicality due to the small number and disunity of individual observations and the lack of special registers for pediatric patients.

Objective. Our aim was to study ustekinumab efficacy and safety in children with plaque (PP), erythrodermic (EP) and palmoplanar (PPP) forms of psoriasis.

Methods. The analysis of ustekinumab efficacy and safety has been carrying out for 1 year. The evaluation of therapy efficacy was based on definition of improvement of PASI scores (PASI 75, PASI 90 and PASI 100) on the 16th, 28th, 40th and 52nd weeks of follow-up and children's dermatology life quality index (CDLQI). Ustekinumab therapy safety analysis was based on registration and evaluation of adverse effects. Results. The study included 67 children with PP, EP and PPP aged 12 to 18 years. PP group results: the PASI 75 response at the 52nd week of therapy was observed in 35 children (100%), PASI 90 — in 33 (94%), PASI 100 — in 30 (86%). EP group results: 10 patients (56%) have reached PASI 75 on the 16th week, while none of patients have improved to PASI 90 and PASI 100 scores. The PASI 75 response at the 52nd week of therapy was observed in 18 children (100%), PASI 90 — in 17 (94%), PASI 100 — in 7 (39%). Only 1 patient (7%) with PPP has showed the score decrease to PASI 75 on the 16th week. Adverse effects were reported in 2 patients.

Conclusion. Ustekinumab is the effective and safe treatment for moderate and severe forms of PP and EP in children, and it can also be considered as one of the alternative methods for PPP treatment in pediatrics.
"No es posible hablar". El habla imposible de Blanchot y Hölderlin
Authors: Olivares Amanda
Published: December 2020

El presente ensayo se propone comprender el lenguaje de la literatura en el pensamiento de Maurice Blanchot, y su relación con nociones como lo “sagrado”, el fundamento, la ley y el origen. El hilo conductor será la lectura de la obra de Friedrich Hölderlin que el autor realiza en el ensayo “El habla ‘sagrada’ de Hölderlin” (1946), texto que se ocupa del poema “Como cuando en un día de fiesta” (1799), también comentado en 1941 por Martin Heidegger en un ensayo del mismo nombre, respecto del cual Blanchot se posiciona. Se dará cuenta de una persistente insistencia en Blanchot por pensar el lenguaje antecedido por un desgarramiento y una imposibilidad, cruzado por un cuestionamiento a la idea de ley y a la relación de fundamentación que esta idea implica. Se entenderá de qué manera es relevante la pregunta por la legitimidad de la reflexión filosófica y de la literatura. El intrigante y polémico “derecho a la muerte” al que Blanchot alude en “La literatura y el derecho a la muerte”, podrá ser mejor comprendido si se tienen en cuenta las consideraciones que se expondrán.
Henri Bergson. Historia de la idea de tiempo (Adriana Alfaro, Luz Noguez eds.). Paidós: Barcelona, 2018. 397p.
Authors: González Sergio
Published: December 2020

Reseña
How Can Money Conquer France? On the Question about the Monetary Policy of King Henry V in 1415–1422
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Nuzhdin Oleg I.
Published: December 2020

This article studies the peculiarities of the monetary policy of English king Henry V in the territories of the Kingdom of France occupied by him between 1415 and 1422. The purpose of the study is to establish its influence on the state of finance in France and, first of all, on the sharp depreciation of silver money following the defeat. Within the framework of English politics, two stages can be clearly traced: the first one lasted from 1415 to 1420, when monetary policy was indirect in nature, influencing the French economy by the fact of conquest and becoming an additional factor in the aggravation of the domestic political struggle, and the other one lasted from 1420 to 1422 and was connected with the intention of Henry V as regent of the Kingdom of France, to bring the financial system into relative order. The author refers to French and English chronicles, The Diary of a Parisian Citizen, as well as the ordinances of the kings of France, which reflected the peculiarities of the monetary policy, more particularly, changes in the exchange rate and weight of silver coins and attempts to carry out reforms. The study carried out makes it possible to find out that the depreciation of the French silver coin was associated with the beginning of the British conquest of Normandy and the transfer of mints located there. A sharp drop in the money rate occurred after the transfer of Paris into the hands of the Burgundians and the formation in the fall of 1418 of an independent financial administration in the south of France under the control of the dauphin. On the contrary, some stabilisation followed the conclusion of the Treaty of Troyes, and the General States adopted a course towards reforms in December 1420. The author determines the stages of the reform and the reasons for its delay. These include: the lack of control over all the mints of the kingdom, the lack of coin metal and the required number of qualified personnel. Finally, the premature death of Henry V in the summer of 1422 did not allow the completion of the monetary reform.
Biodegradable polymer materials and modifying additives: state of the art. Part I
Authors: Vikhareva I.N. , Zaripov I.I. , Kinzyabulatova D.F. , Minigazimov N.S. , Aminova G.K.
Published: December 2020

One of the most demanded materials on the planet is plastic, the excellent performance of which contributes to the accumulation of a significant amount of waste on its basis. In this regard, a new approach to the development of these materials has been formed in scientific circles: the production of polymer composites with constant performance characteristics for a certain period and then capable of destruction under the influence of environmental factors. Analysis of the current state of the industry of polymeric materials shows that the most urgent is the use of such classical polymers as polyolefins and polyvinyl chloride. First of all, the optimal solution to this problem due to the lack of a suitable replacement for traditional polymers is the development of composites based on them with the use of biodegradable additives. In this case, a set of problems associated with waste disposal is solved: the decomposition period of the recycled waste is significantly reduced, the territories required for plastic waste are reduced. The paper outlines the preconditions for the emergence and further development of the field of biodegradable polymers. The main quantitative characteristics of the production capacities of manufactured bioplastics by types, regions and industries of application are given. Modern methods of reducing and regulating the degradation time of polymer materials are presented. The main global and domestic manufacturers of biodegradable polymers and their products are listed, as well as a list of the main manufacturers of biodegradable additives for polymeric materials. Modern types of bioplastics based on renewable raw materials, composites with their use, as well as modified materials from natural and synthetic polymers are listed. The main methods for determining the biodegradability of existing bioplastics are described
Assessments of Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF) for heavy metals (Pb and Hg) in an aquatic insect Laccotrephesruber: A major faunal component for three contrasting freshwater aquatic ecosystems of West Bengal and Odisha
Authors: Das Anindita , Ghara Santanu , Chakraborty Susanta Kumar
Published: December 2020

Although insects harbor almost all the terrestrial habitats but occur with negligible abundance in the aquatic environment mainly because of their tracheal mode of respiration. The present paper has attempted to find out the Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF) of a major aquatic insect species,
Laccotrephesruber which inhabits in higher densities in three distantly located freshwater bodies having contrasting ecological factors overcoming even different environmental odds, especially the loads of two toxic heavy metals such as lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg).Collection and preservation
of the aquatic insects alongwith estimation of different water quality parameters were made following standard methodologies (APHA, 2005). The heavy metals of the water, soil, selected aquatic plants and insect species were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) from three selected
study sites of [(1) a water impoundment – Rissia Dam in Odisha, (2) a large water body at Tamluk, West Bengal, and (3) a large pond at Haldia, West Bengal].In this study, above three study sites were selected in order to determine the concentrations and variation of two heavy metals
(Pb and Hg) and their trend of accumulation in water, soil, aquatic plants and one aquatic insect species. After undertaking a yearlong (March’2019 – February’2020) field survey, Bioaccumulation Factors (BAF) of those heavy metals in an aquatic insect species, Laccotrephesruber
and were deducted along with the recording ofdifferent pronounced ecological parameters (water quality – pH, temperature, conductivity and Total Dissolved Solids). It was seen that, lead (Pb) was found to be higher than mercury (Hg) in all the structural components (water, soil, vegetation
and insect) of the three aquatic ecosystems including within the body of Laccotrephesruber of all (slight exception for soil of Rissia Dam). Besides, the concentrations of both the heavy metals were highest in the study site 3 (within industrial belt) followed by study site 2 (under
the human activities) and study site 1 (in the natural undisturbed environment).From the BAFanalysis of Laccotrephesruber, it is seen that – (i) Hg is very bioaccumulative than Pb in Rissia Dam; (ii) Pb is moderately bioaccumulative than Hg in Tamluk; and (iii) Pb is very much bioaccumulative
thanHg in Haldia.
MoS2 nanosheets based Electric Double Layer Transistor
Authors: Bhowmick Ratnajoy
Published: December 2020

With the advancement of the present research in the field of transistors, with the miniaturization of devices it has become a great challenge of achieving high carrier density and lower operational voltage in the conventional field effect transistors, where in the normal case we usually
see low capacitance and dielectric breakdown of gate dielectrics. And hence, presently, the development of the electric double layer technology with high charge career accumulation at the channel/electrolyte interface has been successful to achieve this motto. And presently several other superior
characteristics like- superconductivity, metal insulator transition and tunable thermoelectric behaviour have been observed both theoretically and experimentally.
Gyroscopter: an effective alternative of drone
Authors: Seth Soumyadeep , Karmakar Soham , Deb Sukanya
Published: December 2020

While there are numerous advantages of using drones, there are several perceived challenges as well. A large number of drones are straight away rejected due to distortion of the center of mass from its axis. Drones generally used gyration sensors to maintain proper balance, which in
turn make the drones heavy and eventually the effective time of flight gets reduced .In addition, gyration sensors been expensive, drones are not at all cost effective. This paper aims to model a device as an effective substitute to drone in reference to the principle of gyration. Because
of the structural frame and high speed of rotation, they intend to have their own balance. The device does not use gyration sensors and use of only one propeller makes it lighter and cheaper than drones. Apart from other advantages and future scope, some limitations of the model are discussed
as well.
A note non Nonparametric Regression Modeling using a Density Function
Authors: Dioggban Jakperik
Published: December 2020

The nonparametric regression offers alternative to classical regression analysis when the data are not well behaved or when the classical regression model shows significant lack of fit. In recent years, It has been applied using Kernel estimators and the smoothing splines, but these methods wields some bias of estimation. In this study, a semi-parametric multiplicative bias reduction density function was used to develop a non parametric regression model. Simulation studies conducted showed that the proposed estimator performs better than both the Kernel and the smoothing splines estimators especially with large samples
Statistical Analysis of Facts of Manifesting Social Dependence and Parasitism
Authors: Zimina Ekaterina , Nefedyeva Elena
Published: December 2020

The article brings forth an analysis of statistical data that indicate, directly or indirectly, to the facts of manifestation of social dependence or parasitism. It denotes the essence and difference of notions «social dependence» and «social parasitism». It enumerates the categories of population potentially inclined to practices of social dependence / parasitism. The article presents a classification of basic statistical indicators of social dependence and / or parasitism. It reflects the statistical data on the character of behavioral strategies on part of pensioner, the disabled, migrants, persons of children-orphan category, as well as the social groups with deviant behavior. It identifies the tendencies of developing social dependence / parasitism among people of Irkutsk Oblast. The article specifies the problem of complexity or impossibility of assessing the manifestation scales for variouos forms of social dependence / parasitism. It substantiates the role of qualitative (including sociological) methods of measuring the sizes of social dependence and parasitism.
Problems of Promoting Childrens Goods in Regard of Features of the Target Audience
Authors: Sarayeva Oksana , Gruzdeva Ekaterina
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study is identifying the features of the present-day marketing communication tools in the market of childrens goods the use of which will lead to growth of devotion of children consumers and their parents to commercial brands. To achieve this goal, the article uses statistical data, scientific papers and monographs to the point of the research. At the core of the analysis marketing communications is the behavior of the target audience, which consists of two categories: buyers and consumers. The article denotes the methods of impact on the complex target audience with respect to the cognitive perception of the information and behavior, the values in each of the categories. As the result of the research, it offers a new approach to elaborating marketing methods implying, in promotion, two separate information contents that consider the interests of the two categories of the target audience - the buyers and the consumers of the same product. Besides, the article identifies the most topical forms of implementing the marketing communications. The approach offered allows to gain the desired consumer attitude to the brand and increase of sales volume.
Study of Relationship Between Physical and Educational Activity of Students and Athletes Studying at the University
Authors: Vorontsova Yevgeniya , Rzhanyova Olga
Published: December 2020

The article reflects the results of a two-year study of educational and physical activity of university students. The article deals with the concept of activity, its types - physical and intellectual activity of students, approaches to indicators of physical activity, on the basis of which the components of physical activity are identified; it presents national and foreign studies of the relationship of types of activity. The article demonstrates the results of investigating the relationships between the manifestations of the types of activity of students and athletes studying at the university. The most significant relationships are found between the regulatory component and the result of educational activity; the potential of educational activity and the operational component of physical activity. Analysis of the relationships allows to make a conclusion that academic performance has links with most components of educational activity in both groups. The revealed connections between the components of physical and educational activiies are specific for athletes and students in terms of their number, orientation and strength.
Controlling the Queue of Work Items in System of Management of Medical Care Quality in Case of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Kharisov Alsim , Berseneva Evgeniya , Bereznikov Aleksey , Efimov Maxim , Shkitin Sergey , Spasennikov Boris , Skiba Yaroslav
Published: December 2020

Providing Russias population with accessible and quality medical care is made possible by its strict correspondence to the legal requirements. In case there arise violations of legally established requirements in providing medical care, it is named as poor quality medical care, which is subject to juridical liability. Measures in managing the quality of medical care should take into account the timely elimination of violations - depending on the degree of their significance and expediency of delayed elimination. Inadequacy of admitted violations determine the need of controlling the work items queue in the system of the medical care quality management in implementing the Workflow technology in medical organizations. The authors examine the feature of the work items queue control in terms of example of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
On Issue of a Management Company as a Participant in the Securities Market
Authors: Timofeyeva Anna
Published: December 2020

The need for inflow of additional investment resources into Russias economy in order to finance infrastructural and social projects demand improving the existing mechanisms of accumulation and investment of free monetary funds of the population and economic entities. The foreign experience testifies that to achieve this goal it makes sense to develop the corresponding institutions of the financial market. An important role in mobilizing longterm resources is called upon to be played by the funds controlled by the intermediaries of the security market - the management companies. In view of this, the topical items for the study are the issues of management companies functioning and identification of their place in the structure of the security market. An analysis of the Russian legislation and economic literature testifies that the issue of inclusion of the management company into this or that group the security market participants needs an upgrade. The article shows that the management company is an institutional investor of the security market, which functions on the qualified basis and is classified as a group of collective investors.
Özel Yetenekli Öğrencilerle Yürütülen Müzik Öğretim Programlarında Zenginleştirme Örneklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: TEKGÜL Ezgi
Published: December 2020

Özel yetenekli öğrencilerin eğitiminde kullanılan öğretim programı genel örgün eğitim programlarından içerik olarak farklıdır. Bu bağlamda özel yetenekli öğrencilerin eğitiminde yetenek alanını destekleyici temel unsurlar oldukça önemlidir. Bireysel farklılıkları göz önünde bulunduran, yeniliklere açık ve çeşitliliği olan öğretim programları tercih edilmesi gerekmektedir. Alan yazında yer alan tüm çalışmalar, özel yetenekli öğrencilerin eğitiminde kullanılan öğretim programlarının içerik yönünden zenginleştirilmiş olması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu gereklilik tüm yetenek alanları için geçerlidir. Müzik alanında özel yetenekli olduğu tanılanmış bireylerle yürütülen müzik eğitiminde kullanılan programlar da zenginleştirilmiş olmalıdır. Araştırma, öğretim programında zenginleştirme ile ilgili yapılmış olan çalışmalar göz önüne alınarak zenginleştirilmiş bir müzik öğretim programına ilişkin önerilerde bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Öğretim programı zenginleştirme ve müzik alanında özel öğretim yöntemlerine ilişkin bilgilerin yer aldığı bu çalışmada doküman incelemesi yapılacaktır. Araştırma betimsel bir nitelik taşımaktadır.
İlkokul düzeyinde yapılan zenginleştirme çalışmalarının incelendiği bu araştırmanın sonucunda materyal, yöntem ve teknikler boyutunda özel öğretim yöntemleri olan müzik eğitimi yaklaşımlarından yararlanıldığı fakat uygulama sürecinde bu yaklaşımların temel prensiplerinin göz önünde bulundurulmadığı görülmektedir.
Okuma Zevki ve Okuma Çeşitliliğinin Örtük Sınıf Analizi: Türkiye ve Çin İncelemesi
Authors: ÇÜM Sait , DEMIR Elif Kubra , AKIN ARIKAN Çiğdem , ŞAHİN Murat Doğan
Published: December 2020

Öğrencilerin ana dillerinde okuma becerilerinin geliştirilmesi, diğer alanlardaki akademik başarı düzeyleri açısından son derece önemlidir. Yapılan araştırmaların büyük kısmı, okuma becerisinin akademik başarının önemli bir yordayıcısı olduğunu göstermektedir. Okuma becerisinin doğasının daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için okuma zevki ve okuma çeşitliliği gibi onunla ilişkili değişkenlerin de incelenmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, PISA sonuçlarına göre okuma becerisinde en başarılı ülke olan Çin ile Türkiye’yi, okuma becerisiyle ilişkili olan okuma zevki ve okuma çeşitliliği açısından karşılaştırmaktır. Bu amaçla her iki ülkede, okuma zevkleri ve okudukları materyallerin çeşitlilikleri bakımından birbirine benzeyen bireylerden oluşan fakat doğrudan gözlemlenemeyen alt gruplar belirlenmiş, anlamlandırılmış ve karşılaştırılmıştır. Doğrudan gözlemlenemeyen gizil grupların belirlenmesi amacıyla Örtük Sınıf Analizi’nden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre okuma zevki açısından her iki ülkede anlamlı üç örtük sınıf oluştuğu, bu sınıfların ise kimi noktalarda benzerlik gösterirken, kimi noktalarda ayrıştığı görülmüştür. Okuma çeşitliliği açısından ise Türkiye’de üç, Çin’de ise dört anlamlı sınıfın oluştuğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Türkçenin Yabancı Dil Olarak Uzaktan Öğretimine İlişkin Öğrenici ve Öğretici Görüşleri
Authors: GÜNGÖR Haluk , ÇANGAL Önder , DEMİR Tarık
Published: December 2020

COVID-19 salgını nedeniyle, Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğreten kurumlar da diğer eğitim kurumları gibi uzaktan öğretim sistemine geçmiştir. Bu çalışmada korona virüs nedeniyle uzaktan yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenenlerin ve öğretenlerin, uzaktan Türkçe öğretimine yönelik görüşleri incelenmiştir. Çalışma grubu, 30 öğrenici ve 10 öğreticiden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada, öğrenicilere ve öğreticilere yönelik 6 sorudan oluşan yapılandırılmış görüşme formları veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, içerik analizine uygun biçimde çözümlenerek bulgulara ulaşılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, öğrenicilerin önemli bir bölümünün uzaktan değil, yüz yüze eğitimi tercih ettikleri belirlenmiştir. Öğrenici ve öğreticiler, olumlu görüş olarak uzaktan eğitimin öğretimde kullanılmasının zaman ve mekân sınırını ortadan kaldırdığını belirtmiştir. Olumsuz olarak ise, etkileşim sorunları, dil becerilerinin gelişiminin olumsuz etkilenmesi, alt yapı sorunları, ödev kontrolüne imkân tanımaması gibi görüşler bildirmişlerdir. Her iki katılımcı grubun uzaktan Türkçe öğretimine yönelik görüşlerinin büyük oranda örtüştüğü sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ulaşılan bulgular ışığında araştırmacılar tarafından, Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak uzaktan öğretimine yönelik öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
Les analogues naturels et archéologiques, outils privilégiés pour la prédiction du comportement à long terme des matériaux
Authors: Gin Stéphane , Neff Delphine , Dillmann Philippe , Verney-Caron Aurélie
Published: December 2020

Ce chapitre montrera à travers l’exemple des verres et des métaux ferreux, comment l’étude
de systèmes archéologiques et naturels, dont les matériaux se sont altérés sur de très longues durées aide
à la prédiction du comportement de matériaux qui devront être utilisés sur de grandes échelles de temps,
dépassant parfois largement celle d’une génération humaine. Ces systèmes sont alors considérés comme des
analogues. Cette approche est un des volets d’une démarche qui comporte plusieurs aspects allant de l’étude
en laboratoire sur des systèmes de court terme à la modélisation numérique. Elle a été particulièrement
développée dans le cadre de l’industrie nucléaire pour le développement des installations de stockage ou
d’entreposage des déchets sur le très long terme. Pour les verres, les analogues sont les matériaux archéologiques
manufacturés par les sociétés humaines depuis le milieu du IIIe millénaire avant notre ère ainsi que
les verres naturels volcaniques. Pour les métaux ferreux, ce sont les fers et les aciers archéologiques, apparus
environ 2000 ans av. J.-C. qui sont étudiés. Les approches peuvent varier en fonction de ces matériaux mais
comportent une part de caractérisation fine des systèmes archéologiques, une comparaison dialectique avec
les résultats obtenus sur les expériences de laboratoire et différents types de modélisations.
Planning Effective Learning for the Visually Impaired in Federal University in Osun State, Nigeria: Technology Perspective
Authors: GAMBO Omobola , ADELOKUN Adedapo , GAMBO Ishaya , AFOLAYAN Ayobami
Published: December 2020

The School system at the university level in developing nations provides the most impactful environment for effective learning and building human capital required for a future-knowledge economy. Unfortunately, less attention is given to the provision of appropriate platforms for the disabled to effectively learn in the university system. Notably, disabled individuals rely on their ability to listen to only speech to gain information quickly to aid learning. In this paper, a learning framework was implemented and tested from educational and technological perspectives. The study focused on an ideal combination of a human-like behavior with a computer application to build a one-way interactive medium between the computer and the user. Using qualitative and quantitative research, we focused on acoustic signal processing without the incorporation of visual input. The respondents used for the study include students, lecturers, specialists in specialized education, and technological experts. The result is a prototype system that translates texts into speech, and a synthesized speech representation of the text entered into the system to aid effective learning. The test results with different users revealed that a majority of 84.70%, 85.30%, 84%, and 86.70% of the users rated the system to have high-quality content, clarity, attractiveness, and responsiveness, respectively.

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TIMSS 2015 Türkiye Örnekleminde Matematik Başarı Testine Dayalı Olarak Öğrencilerin Bilişsel Tanı Modelleri İle Sınıflandırılması
Authors: GÜNDÜZ Tuba , ÇAKAN Mehtap
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı TIMSS 2015 Türkiye örnekleminde matematik testi verilerine dayalı olarak öğrencilerin farklı niteliklere göre sınıflandırılmasını incelemektedir. Bu amaç için Bilişsel Tanı Modellerinden DINA ve DINO Modellerinden yararlanılmıştır. Nitelik ile madde eşleştirmesinin yapıldığı Q-Matrisinde nitelik boyutu olarak içerik alanına ait düzeyler (sayılar, veri gösterimi, geometrik şekiller ve ölçümler) , bilişsel alana ait düzeyler (bilme, uygulama, akıl yürütme), hem içerik hem de bilişsel alana ait düzeyler ve Temel Bileşenler Analizi yoluyla elde edilen düzeyler olmak üzere dört farklı Q- Matrisi belirlenmiştir. Hangi sınıflamanın daha iyi yapıldığına ilişkin değerlendirme kriteri olarak bu dört farklı Q-Matrisiyle elde edilen sınıflamaların doğruluğu ve tutarlılığı incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu TIMSS 2015 Türkiye örneklemi içinde birinci kitapçığı alan 463 dördüncü sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada kullanılan veriler TIMSS 2015 4. Sınıf 1 numaralı matematik kitapçığındaki 25 sorudan seçilen 23 maddeden elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre nitelik boyutu olarak İçerik Alanı düzeylerinin kullanıldığı Q-Matrisi öğrencileri en iyi sınıflayan matris olmuştur. Son olarak bu matris kullanılarak, araştırma kapsamında en iyi sınıflama yapan DINA Modele göre sınıflandırma yapılmış ve sonuçlar tartışılmıştır.
Fen Bilgisi Öğretmenliği Lisans Programının Farklı Ülkelerin Fen Bilimleri Yeterlikleri Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: CAN ARAN Özge , DERMAN İpek
Published: December 2020

Gelişmiş ülkelerin fen bilimleri öğretim programlarında yer alan yeterlikler, öğrencilerin günlük yaşamda karşılaştıkları problemleri çözebilen bireyler olarak yetiştirilmesi açısından önemlidir. Bu noktada, öğretmenlerin hizmet öncesi dönemde hem bu yeterliklere hem de kendi ülkesinin öğretim programında belirtilen yeterliklere göre yetiştirilmesi, öğrencilerde bu yeterliklerin gelişimini etkili olarak sağlamaları açısından önemlidir. Bu kapsamda bu araştırmada öncelikle PISA sınavında fen bilimleri başarı sıralamasında ilk sıralarda yer alan Singapur, Estonya ve Finlandiya ile yenilikçi, girişimci ve teknolojide gelişmiş ülkeler içerisinde ilk üçte yer alan Amerika ve Almanya fen bilimleri öğretim programları analiz edilerek öğrencilerinden beklenen temel yeterlikler belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra ülkemizde fen bilimleri öğretim programında yer alan temel yeterlikler belirlenmiştir. Gelişmiş ülkelerde belirlenmiş yeterlikler ile ülkemizde fen bilimleri öğretim programında yer alan yeterlikler çerçevesinde, 2018 yılında güncellenen Yüksek Öğretim Kurumu Fen Bilgisi Öğretmenliği Lisans Programı analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarının öğretmen yetiştirme programlarının geliştirilmesine ve görevde olan öğretmenlere uygulanacak hizmet içi eğitimlerin içeriğinin güncellenmesine katkı getireceği düşünülmektedir.
Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğrenenlerin Tutarlı Metin Yazma Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ERCAN GÜVEN Aliye Nur , AKPINAR Şerife
Published: December 2020

Tutarlı metinler; yazarın anlatmak istediği konuyu, iletmek istediği mesajı daha doğru ve anlaşılır şekilde aktarmasına olanak tanır. Bu çalışma; yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenenlerin tutarlı metin yazma düzeylerinin incelemesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada ayrıca, yönlendirilmiş ve serbest olmak üzere iki ayrı türde yazdırılan metinlerin tutarlılık düzeylerinin birbirleriyle karşılaştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu düzeylerin belirlenen değişkenler açısından farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığının incelenmesi de çalışmada ele alınan bir başka husustur. Çalışma, türü bakımından betimsel nitelikte olup tarama yönteminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Metinler üzerinde doküman incelemesi yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya, altı farklı üniversitenin Türkçe öğretim merkezinden; B2 düzeyinde 163, C1 düzeyinde ise 117 olmak üzere toplam 280 öğrenci katılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda; yönlendirilmiş metinlerin tutarlılık düzeylerinin serbest konuda yazılan metinlerden genellikle daha yüksek olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenlerin hem yönlendirilmiş hem de serbest metinlerinde tutarlılık açısından en yeterli bulundukları alan konudur. Yönlendirilmiş metinlerde, daha çok bütünlük açısından yetersiz bulunan katılımcıların serbest yazılan metinlerin tutarlılığında ise, en yetersiz kaldıkları alan sürekliliktir. Sonuçlar, tutarlı metin yazma düzeyinin; dil seviyesi, cinsiyet, uyruk, ana dilinin mensup olduğu dil ailesi, dil merkezine geliş şekli, Türkçenin yanı sıra bilinen yabancı dil sayısı, Türkiye’de yaşama süresi, Türkçe öğrenme süresi, Türk arkadaş sayısı, cep telefonu kullanma dili ve Türkçe öğrenmenin zor olduğunu düşünme durumu değişkenleri açısından farklılaştığını göstermektedir.
Some biological properties of ethanol extract prepared from the aerial parts of Scutellaria albida L. subsp. condensata (Rech.f.) J.R. Edm.
Authors: KOÇPINAR Enver Fehim , KÜRŞAT Murat , SAVCI Ahmet , ALAN Yusuf
Published: December 2020

Moderate effects of some plants with proven biological properties in the treatment of various diseases have increased the importance of them and the interest in alternative medicine. The members of the Lamiaceae family are one of the widely used in alternative medicine and agriculture due to their metabolite content. In order to gain valuable biological data for alternative medicine and new studies, Scutellaria albida subsp. Candensest a member of the Lamiaceae family was collected from a height of 1500 meters in Bitlis province in Turkey. Ethanol (EtOH) extract was prepared by using the aerial parts of the plant and used in all stages of the study. Firstly, the phenolic content of the extract was determined by HPLC. Myricetin and 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid at the highest concentrations were detected, but ascorbic acid, gallic acid, quercetin, and 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid could not be determined in the extract. In order to test the antioxidant properties based on phenolic content, several in vitro antioxidant tests were performed and DNA protective properties were investigated. In the biological activity results, the extract was determined to have a similar antioxidant effect to standards or lower than them and exhibited relatively DNA protective activity at high concentration. Finally, the effects of the extract on some types of bacteria and fungi were investigated by the hollow agar method and 150 µL volume of the extract was shown to have better activity than ampicillin and Amikacin. Due to the limited studies on Scutellaria albida subsp Candensest, it is thought that this study will contribute to the literature.
Synthesis and transformation of 6-aminomethyl derivatives of 7-hydroxy-2'-fluoroisoflavones
Authors: Makarenko Olexandr , Bondarenko Svitlana , Mrug Galyna , Frasinyuk Mykhaylo
Published: December 2020

Mannich aminomethylation of 8-methyl-7-hydroxy-2'-fluoroisoflavones applying bis-(N,N-dimethylamino)methane afforded C-6 substituted N,N-dimethylaminomethyl derivatives. Subsequent acetylation of these compounds in acetic anhydride in the presence of potassium acetate provided access to the corresponding acetoxymethyl derivatives that were converted to hydroxymethyl- and alkoxymethyl-substituted 7-hydroxyisoflavonoids. Addition of 3-(N,N-dimethylamino)-5,5-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one or 1,3-dimethyl-5-aminopyrazole with thermally generated ortho-quinone methides led to hetero-Diels–Alder or Michael adducts.
Spectroscopic Studies on the Interaction Between Novel Antiviral Drug Favipiravir and Serum Albumins
Authors: Yegorova Alla , Scrypynets Yulia , Maltsev Georgy , Leonenko Inna , Antonovich Valery , Kashutskуy Sergey , Voitiuk Olga
Published: December 2020

Under physiological conditions, in vitro interaction between favipiravir (FAV) and serum albumins (BSA/HSA) was investigated at excitation wavelength 280 nm and at different temperatures (298 K, 313 K) by fluorescence emission spectroscopy. The hydrogen bond, van der Waals forces and electrostatic interaction plays a major role in stabilizing the complex; the binding constants KA at different temperatures were calculated. The distance r between donor (BSA/HSA) and acceptor (FAV) was obtained according to fluorescence resonance energy transfer (1.55/1.90 nm for BSA/HSA-FAV systems). The effect of FAV on the conformation of BSA/HSA was analyzed using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy and UV/vis absorption spectroscopy.
The COVID-19 Pandemic as a Social Stressor: Psychological and Psychiatric Risk Factors (Based on Foreign Studies)
Authors: Lukovtseva Z.V.
Published: December 2020

Objective. Systematization of the main factors of psychological and psychiatric risk during the COVID-19 pandemic, identified in foreign studies.
Background. The need to clarify ideas about the determination of psychological and psychiatric problems caused by the socially stressful impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is dictated primarily by the demands of practice. The relevance of actions in this direction is determined by the continuing instability of the epidemiological and socio-economic situation, the need for prompt and wide coverage of those in need with programs of psychological and psychiatric care, the fragmentation and inconsistency of existing information about the impact of the pandemic on the mental health of the population.
Methodology. A theoretical analysis of literature sources describing foreign studies of psychological and psychiatric risk factors against the background of a pandemic was carried out; using a comparative analytical method, the meaning and degree of knowledge of situational and individual factors are determined.
Conclusions. The general features of studies conducted by psychologists and psychiatrists from different countries against the background of the coronavirus threat were revealed (the predominance of the remote format, the reduction in the variety and volume of diagnostic tools, the use of large-scale samples). The main factors of psychological and psychiatric risk affecting the population in the context of the spread of coronavirus are divided into situational and individual. The factors of the first group are differentiated according to their degree of specificity for the COVID-19 pandemic, while in the second group, socio-demographic and medico-psychological factors are distinguished. It is shown that individual psychological characteristics that can determine the nature of a person’s response to a pandemic remain the least studied and clarification of their composition is an urgent scientific and practical task.
Socio-Psychological Predictors of Belief in Conspiracy Theories of the Origin of COVID-19 and Involvement in Social Media
Authors: Nestik T.A. , Deyneka O.S. , Maksimenko A.A.
Published: December 2020

Objective. Search for socio-psychological antecedents for the individual’s belief in conspiracy theories of the origin of the pandemic. Revealing the dynamics of Internet users’ attitudes to the coronavirus pandemic in March-early June 2020.
Background. As part of the study of the psychological mechanisms of the impact of the pandemic on the individual and society, an increasingly urgent task is to clarify the socio-psychological prerequisites of belief in conspiracy theories of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the relationship between attitudes towards the pandemic and the involvement of the individual in the use of social media.
Study design. The paper presents the results of two online surveys conducted in March-April and May-June 2020 to study the dynamics of Russians’ belief in conspiracy theories of the origin of the COVID-19, taking into account involvement in social media and gender differences.
Participants. The first study involved 668 people (78.2% women) aged 17 to 80 years (M=30; SD=12.7); the second survey involved 986 people (56.9% — men) aged 18 to 76 years (M=36.63; SD=10.2). The survey geography covered various regions of Russia.
Measurements. The basic tool in both studies was developed by T.A. Nestik questionnaire “Attitude towards the epidemiological threat”. The first study additionally measured the social axioms (SAS), moral foundations (MFQ), belief in the justice of the world and trust in social institutions. The second study additionally measured involvement in social media communications.
Results. The 1st study found a connection between conspiracy beliefs and belief in a just world, low self-efficacy, moral foundations of ingroup/loyalty and authority/respect, low institutional trust, and social cynicism. In the 2nd study, it was shown that, compared to March-April, the level of belief of social media users in conspiracy theories of the origin of the pandemic, the severity of distrust in the health care system and skepticism about vaccinations significantly increased; both the fear of infection and the controllability of the threat have become less, but fears of a recurrence of epidemics have increased. It is shown that involvement in social media increases anxiety about the consequences of the coronavirus crisis, which in turn intensifies the search for conspiracy explanations of pandemic.
Conclusions. Low social trust and the experience of an uncontrollable threat increase the susceptibility of social media users to belief in conspiracy theories of the origin of the pandemic.
Psychological Readiness for Organizational Change and its Socio-Psychological Predictors
Authors: Naumtseva E.A. , Stroh W.A.
Published: December 2020

Objectives. The study of socio-psychological predictors of employees’ readiness for changes (identification with the organization as a whole, identification with the unit, injective and descriptive norms) and the ratio of their contribution to the formation of employees’ readiness for changes.
Background. Due to rapid technological development, the number of necessary changes within organizations is growing. A well-formed employees’ readiness for the upcoming changes is needed for the success of their implementation. It will affect the productivity of work processes.
Study design. The study examined the level of readiness for organizational changes, the level of identification with the organization, with the unit, and subjective norms (injective and descriptive). Regression analysis was used to process the data. Socio-demographic characteristics differences were analyzed using the Mann—Whitney U-test and the Kruskel-Wallis N-test.
Participants. The study sample included the state medical organization employees’ implementing electronic records and medical records (n = 308).
Measurements. To evaluate variables, we used questionnaire “Readiness for Organizational Change” by D. Holt, questionnaire by B. Ashfort, F. Mael “Organizational Identification”, and scales for assessing perceived norms of M. Fishbein and A. Aizen.
Results. It is established that identification with an organization, identification with a unit, an injective and descriptive norm are associated with a readiness to change. The strongest predictor of readiness for organizational change is the injective norm for change, the next most powerful predictor is the descriptive norm for change. A less significant contribution to readiness is identification with the organization as a whole. Identification with the working group (or unit) is associated with readiness to change negatively. The level of readiness for organizational changes among managers is significantly higher than among performers. Conclusions. Identification with the organization and unit, injective and descriptive norms make a significant contribution to the formation of employee readiness for change. Significant differences were found in the level of readiness for changes depending on the position: managers demonstrate a higher level compared to ordinary employees. The results of the study can be used by managers and management consultants to assess and build readiness for change.
A DISCIPLINA PENAL DO STALKING NO SISTEMA JURÍDICO ITALIANO: PARTE 1
Authors: Macrì Francesco
Published: December 2020

O stalking é um fenômeno social no qual o perpetrador realiza assédios insistentes ou persegue com insistência a vítima. Pesquisas estatísticas revelam a prevalência de mulheres como vítimas prioritárias de tal conduta, o que o caracterizaria como uma forma de violência de gênero. No presente artigo, além de analisarmos o caráter de gênero da conduta à luz da realidade italiana, investigaremos também a sua incriminação na Alemanha e na Espanha de forma a preparar as bases de direito comparado para melhor avaliar a sua incriminação na própria Itália, que ocorreu em 2009. Na Alemanha, a incriminação do stalking é anterior (datando de 2007), ao passo que a normativa espanhola foi introduzida em 2015. Há múltiplas analogias entre ambas as normas, o que nos leva a crer que o legislador espanhol tenha se inspirado na normativa alemã. Em ambos os casos, há importantes questões relativas ao princípio de legalidade/taxatividade.
EM BUSCA DA MELHOR CONSTRUÇÃO DEMOCRÁTICA PARA A PROTEÇÃO JURÍDICA DO CONSUMIDOR: UM DEBATE ENTRE O MODELO LIBERAL-INDIVIDUALISTA DE DWORKIN E O CRÍTICO-DELIBERATIVO DE HARBEMAS
Authors: Verbicaro Dennis , Rodrigues Lays Soares
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo, pelo método dedutivo e por meio de investigação bibliográfica nacional e estrangeira, se dedica a analisar a noção de democracia, partindo do pressuposto de que se trata de um conceito interpretativo. Para isso, se apresentarão os modelos democráticos de Ronald Dworkin, a fim de verificar se seriam compatíveis para atender os desafios da tutela consumerista, principalmente no que concerne à participação qualificada do consumidor nas deliberações políticas. Em continuação, se analisará o modelo proposto por Jürgen Harbemas, pautado na ação comunicativa, para, ao final, verificar entre os modelos abordados qual seria o mais adequado para redimensionar a participação cívica do consumidor, com o objetivo de mitigar sua situação de vulnerabilidade no campo das relações econômicas de consumo