bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vascularização do Tendão Tibial Posterior: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Faleiro Thiago Batista , Cavalcanti Denisval Flores
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Indicar os aspectos de interesse dos ortopedistas sobre as características anatômicas, aspecto histológico, sua fisiopatologia e manejo terapêutico para a degeneração do Tendão Tibial Posterior, ressaltando o fator vascularização. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa, mediante pesquisa nas bases de dados: Portal acadêmico do CAPES, Scielo, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e PUBMED, em que foram incluídos artigos científicos e dissertações em português e inglês, no período de 2000 a 2020. Resultados: Foram encontrados 552 artigos, sendo que, após análise dos critérios de elegibilidade, foram selecionados 21 artigos. A degeneração do TTP é uma condição comum, mas muitas vezes mal diagnosticada. Causa uma deformidade progressiva e dolorosa noemada como “pé chato”. A anatomia e vascularização expõem a região do TTP a distúrbios degenerativos importantes ao ponto até de uma ruptura. Relata-se na literatura uma zona de suprimento sanguíneo baixa nesse tendão, que parece estar diretamente associado ao local de maior ferequência de lesões degenerativas. Considerações finais: Os dados da literatura mostraram uma zona de suprimento sanguíneo baixa do tendão de Gliding, que parece estar diretamente associado ao local de maior prevalência das lesões degenerativas. Entretanto, os mecanismos vasculares dessa degeneração ainda são desconhecidos e se faz necesário estudos mais aprofundados.
Adesão à farmacoterapia em hipertensos cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família
Authors: Barreto Maria Nelly Sobreira de Carvalho , De Souza Nathália Paula , Melo Silvia Pereira da Silva de Carvalho , Rodrigues Heloisa de Melo , Fontbonne Annick , Cesse Eduarda Ângela Pessoa
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Analisar os fatores associados à adesão à farmacoterapia em usuários hipertensos, assim como sua relação com o controle pressórico. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa, baseado nos dados do estudo RedeNut, conduzido na Estratégia Saúde da Família nos municípios polos das macrorregiões de saúde de Pernambuco, em 2015-16. Foram sorteados 404 usuários acima de 20 anos. O escore de adesão baseou-se num instrumento validado para este fim, o Brief Medication Questionnaire. Resultados: A amostra analisada foi de 339 hipertensos, sendo 68,4% mulheres. 48,8% tinham a pressão controlada e 45,4%, eram hipertensos e diabéticos. 60% dos hipertensos foram considerados aderentes ao tratamento farmacológico. Na análise multivariada, as variáveis associadas, positivamente, à adesão foram, a idade (OR=1,028; p=0,021) e a renda familiar mensal (OR=2,147; p=0,060), e negativamente, a politerapia antidiabética (OR=0,270; p=0,010) e a dificuldade em tomar vários medicamentos (OR=0,357; p=0,038). Conclusão: Os resultados demonstraram que os fatores socioeconômicos e demográficos, bem como os relacionados à farmacoterapia e algumas limitações dos usuários, influenciam na adesão ao tratamento farmacológico. Recomenda-se, assim, a adoção de estratégias para aprimorar a adesão.
Impactos na saúde mental por distanciamento e isolamento sociais pela COVID-19: uma perspectiva brasileira e mundial
Authors: Dos Reis Maria Angélica Otero de Melo , Correa Bruna Castro , Moura Carolina Vitória Batista , Oliveira Flávia Eduarda Rodrigues Linhares , Nascimento Mariza Silva , Pinto Raíssa Teixeira , Batista Sarah Roldão , Gomes Vitória Suriani , Martins Wendy Shayane Oliveira , Soares Gustavo Fonseca Genelhu
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Ampliar a discussão acerca das repercussões e impactos psicológicos provocados pela pandemia de COVID-19 não somente no cenário brasileiro mas também mundial, em decorrência à emergência de saúde vivenciada na atualidade. Revisão bibliográfica: pôde-se observar que o medo da infecção, a frustração e tédio, falta de suprimentos e perdas financeiras, juntamente com outros desencadeadores, causaram manifestações psicológicas importantes como depressão, mau-humor, irritabilidade, perturbação emocional em geral. Por conseguinte, mostra-se a necessidade de intervenção psicológica frente a limitação causada pelo isolamento devido a COVID-19. Reforça-se, ainda, a importância da assistência profissional adequada, de modo a promover sentimentos de conforto, alívio da aflição, acesso à informação correta, auxílio em casos de crise entre outros, que variam conforme a especificidade de cada profissional. Considerações finais: o distanciamento e o isolamento social, por mais que representem práticas que visam preservar a saúde pública, afetam diretamente a saúde mental dos indivíduos, tornando-se necessárias intervenções nesse aspecto.
Immuno-oncology of differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Rao Smitha S , Mayilvaganan Sabaretnam
Published: February 2021

Thyroid cancer has become an epidemic due to easy availability of ultrasound of the neck, and in some countries, routine health checkup ultrasound of neck is routinely done and mandatory. Thyroid cancer detected incidentally and less than 1 cm may warrant only observation, whereas some cancers such as anaplastic thyroid cancer requires urgent intervention. Advances in the field of oncology have been revolutionized by the extensive study of tumor microenvironment (TME). The introduction of immune check point inhibitors resulted in a major shift in the understanding of differentiated thyroid cancer. Inflammation related to thyroid cancer involves various molecular patterns of cytokines and chemokines. They form the major targets for novel immunotherapies. Addition of discovery of newer tumor markers has significantly contributed to cancer management. Tumor immune escape is an important mechanism of oncogenesis. Innate immunity forms the major defense of the body to tumor cells. Polymorphonuclear leucocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes form the defense that target tumor cells. The aim of this review is to comprehensively discuss the dynamic immune system, various oncogenic pathways and novel tumor antigens like cancer testis sperm associated antigen (SPAG9).
Modified group non-membership is in promise-AWPP relative to group oracles
Authors: Morimae Tomoyuki , Nishimura Harumichi , Le Gall Francois
Published: February 2021

It is known that the group non-membership problem is in QMA relative to any group oracle and in SPP∩BQP for solvable groups. We consider a modified version of the group non-membership problem where the order of the group is also given as an additional input. We show that the problem is in (the promise version of) AWPP relative to any group oracle. To show the result, we use the idea of postselected quantum computing.
Super-additivity and entanglement assistance in quantum reading
Authors: Lupo Cosmo , Pirandola Stefano
Published: February 2021

Quantum information theory determines the maximum rates at which information can be transmitted through physical systems described by quantum mechanics. Here we consider the communication protocol known as quantum reading. Quantum reading is a protocol for retrieving the information stored in a digital memory by using a quantum probe, e.g., shining quantum states of light to read an optical memory. In a variety of situations using a quantum probe enhances the performance of the reading protocol in terms of fidelity, data density and energy efficiency. Here we review and characterize the quantum reading capacity of a memory model, defined as the maximum rate of reliable reading. We show that, like other quantities in quantum information theory, the quantum reading capacity is super-additive. Moreover, we determine conditions under which the use of an entangled ancilla improves the performance of quantum reading.
Factoring using 2n+2 qubits with Toffoli based modular multiplication
Authors: Haner Thomas , Roetteler Martin , Svore Krysta M.
Published: February 2021

We describe an implementation of Shor’s quantum algorithm to factor n-bit integers using only 2n+2 qubits. In contrast to previous space-optimized implementations, ours features a purely Toffoli based modular multiplication circuit. The circuit depth and the overall gate count are in O(n 3 ) and O(n 3 log n), respectively. We thus achieve the same space and time costs as Takahashi et al. [1], while using a purely classical modular multiplication circuit. As a consequence, our approach evades most of the cost overheads originating from rotation synthesis and enables testing and localization of some faults in both, the logical level circuit and an actual quantum hardware implementation. Our new (in-place) constant-adder, which is used to construct the modular multiplication circuit, uses only dirty ancilla qubits and features a circuit size and depth in O(n log n) and O(n), respectively.
Quantum walking in curved spacetime: (3+1) dimensions, and beyond
Authors: Arrighi Pablo , Facchini Stefno
Published: February 2021

A discrete-time Quantum Walk (QW) is essentially an operator driving the evolution of a single particle on the lattice, through local unitaries. Some QWs admit a continuum limit, leading to familiar PDEs (e.g. the Dirac equation). Recently it was discovered that prior grouping and encoding allows for more general continuum limit equations (e.g. the Dirac equation in (1+ 1) curved spacetime). In this paper, we extend these results to arbitrary space dimension and internal degree of freedom. We recover an entire class of PDEs encompassing the massive Dirac equation in (3 + 1) curved spacetime. This means that the metric field can be represented by a field of local unitaries over a lattice.
Synthesis of Ferrocenesulfonyl Chloride, Key Intermediate Toward Ferrocenesulfonamides
Authors: Erb William , Wen Min , Roisnel Thierry , Mongin Florence
Published: February 2021

Ferrocenesulfonyl chloride is the key intermediate in the synthesis of ferrocenesulfonamides, a family of underexplored derivatives. Here, we report a one-pot synthesis of this compound able to easily deliver multigram quantities of product. While we also described an original protocol for the synthesis of ferrocenesulfonamides, we highlighted the reactivity difference between arene and ferrocene sulfonyl chlorides. Finally, we described an example of diastereoselective deprotolithiation of chiral ferrocenesulfonamides.
Coupled Anharmonic Thermochemistry from Stratified Monte-Carlo Integration
Authors: Rath Gabriel , Kopp Wassja , Leonhard Kai
Published: February 2021

This study presents CIMCI, a new semi-classical method for handling fully coupled anharmonicity in gas-phase thermodynamics that promises to be black-boxable, to be

applicable for all kinds of anharmonicity, and to scale better at higher dimensionality than other methods for handling gas-phase molecular anharmonicity. The method

does so by using automatically and recursively stratified, simultaneous Monte Carlo integration of multiple functions. For the small systems analyzed by this study, the

method’s anharmonic corrections match reference data better than those of other blackbox anharmonic methods, e.g. VPT2. This holds even when sampling with CIMCI

is done with primitive force fields, e.g. UFF, while the competing methods are used with proper, comprehensive potentials, e.g. the M06-2X meta-hybrid DFT functional.

With further refinements in Monte Carlo sampling efficiency, in the quality of fast potentials practical for Monte Carlo sampling, and in automatic detection of which stereoisomers should be included during sampling, CIMCI has the potential to be the ideal anharmonic treatment for larger molecules where the large number of conformers

and the high dimensionality of coupled torsions present major difficulties for other, existing treatments for anharmonicity.
Automated Fast-Flow Synthesis of Peptide Nucleic Acid Conjugates
Authors: Li Chengxi , Callahan Alexander J. , Phadke Kruttika-Suhas , Bellaire Bryan , Farquhar Charlotte E. , Zhang Genwei , Schissel Carly K. , Mijalis Alexander J. , Hartrampf Nina , Loas Andrei , Verhoeven David E. , Pentelute Bradley
Published: February 2021

Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are charge-neutral oligonucleotides with emerging potential for treatment of genetic, acquired, and viral diseases, including COVID-19. Their challenging synthesis, however, limits their use for rapid therapeutic intervention and widespread application. Here, we report a highly efficient technology that utilizes a fully automated fast-flow instrument to manufacture cell-penetrating peptide-conjugated PNAs (PPNAs) in a single shot. The machine is rapid: each amide bond is formed in 10 seconds and the synthesis of an 18-mer bioactive PNA is complete in one hour. Anti-IVS2-654 PPNA synthesized in a single shot with this instrument presented over 16-fold activity compared to unmodified PNA in a splice-correction assay. We demonstrated the utility of this approach by chemically synthesizing an eight-member anti-SARS-CoV-2 PPNA library within one day. A designer PPNA targeting the 5’ untranslated region of SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA reduced the viral titer by over 95% in live virus infection assays (IC50: 0.8 mM). Our technology can rapidly yield on-demand PPNA candidates to tackle newly-emerging viral pathogens.
Intentional Replantation: A Last Resort for Treatment of Periodontally Hopeless Teeth
Authors: Santosh Chhattani  , Roshani Thakur  , Motilal Jangid  , Neelu Kasare
Published: February 2021

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory response to the bacterial biofilm which leads to inflammation of periodontal structures and further results in loss of attachment and bone loss which in severe cases leads to mobility of teeth, eventually may cause exfoliation of teeth. Treatment option for excessive mobile teeth is extraction and replacement can be carried out with fixed partial denture or implant placement. In patients with financial constraints and also the patients in whom the fixed partial denture is contraindicated, intentional replantation of periodontally hopeless teeth is an alternative treatment modality. It’s a procedure of purposely removing a tooth and replacing it in a more apical position. Thus, this procedure of intentional replantation can be considered as an alternative treatment modality rather than extraction of periodontally hopeless teeth.
Effectiveness of Honey and Aloe Vera on the Post Extraction Healing Among Young Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Henna Mir  , Shivalingesh KK  , Divya Srivastava  , Adeeba Saleem  , Swati Pathak
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION: "Dry socket" was first described by Crawford in literature in 1896. When people are recognizing that current medicine is not the soul cure for diseases, we look back to the past for potential remedies with the least possible side-effectiveness. So the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of honey and aloevera on healing of post extraction wounds. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Honey and aloe-vera were prepared by mixing with sterilized cotton. The socket involved was separated by dry autoclaved cotton rolls from the rest of the oral cavity, then honey/aloe-vera was inserted into the respective groups. All patients were advised to avoid solid and liquid diets for 30 minutes after the treatment. Dressings were changed on 3rd day and on 7th day and sockets were evaluated. RESULTS: When the intra-group comparison of honey (p-value=0.003) and aloe-vera (p-value=0.000) was done, both were found to be statistically significant in the healing of dry socket. When the inter-group comparison was done between honey and aloe-vera, Aloe-vera had high healing capacity and was found to be highly statistically significant (p-value=0.001). DISCUSSION: When the intra-group comparison of honey and aloe-vera was done, both were found to be statistically significant in the reduction of dry socket. When the inter-group comparison was done between honey and aloe-vera, Aloe-vera had high healing capacity and was found to be highly statistically significant (p-value=0.00). CONCLUSION: From the analysis, it can be inferred that aloe vera and honey are healthy, natural and user-friendly substitute adjuncts that might be feasible to promote healing of extraction sockets.
Inflation: Drivers and Dynamics 2020 CEBRA Annual Meeting Session Summary
Authors: Knotek Edward S. , Rich Robert W. , Schoenle Raphael S. , Lamla Michael , Mönch Emanuel , Weber Michael
Published: February 2021

The Cleveland Fed’s Center for Inflation Research sponsored a session on inflation dynamics at the 2020 CEBRA annual meeting. The presentations focused on inflation expectations and firms’ price-setting behavior. This Economic Commentary summarizes the papers presented during the session.
中国西安地铁六号线省体育馆站平行换乘方式研究
Authors: 贾 杰
Published: February 2021

中国西安地铁六号线一期工程省体育馆站为地铁六、八号换乘车站，本站作为第十四届全运会在陕西奥体中心体育馆的重要交通枢纽，将在赛事期间承担较大的瞬时突发客流。结合本站的特殊性以及城市周边情况，论文对车站与八号线车站的换乘方式进行了研究分析，使车站设计趋于合理，使用功能最优，效益最好。
大数据对英语教学的影响——论在英语教学中大数据的应用
Authors: 苏 慧琴
Published: February 2021

现阶段，云计算、物联网等技术手段发展愈发普遍，基于大数据时代背景下，现代信息技术在各个行业中应用广泛，这也进一步推动了时代的发展进程。大数据对于教育行业而言，特别是英语教学带来不可忽视的影响，在大数据时代中，英语教学方式、学习形式、教学观念等发生巨大变化，这对于传统英语教学而言也是一种挑战与冲击。论文围绕大数据对英语教学的影响展开分析，进一步说明在英语教学中大数据的合理应用，以期促进英语教学整体水平的提升。
Intracellular complexities of acquiring a new enzymatic function revealed by mass-randomisation of active site residues
Authors: Hall KR , Robins KJ , Williams EM , Rich MH , Calcott Mark , Copp JN , Little RF , Schwoerer Ralf , Evans Gary , Patrick Wayne , Ackerley David
Published: February 2021

© 2020, eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection for a promiscuous enzyme activity provides substantial opportunity for competition between endogenous and newly-encountered substrates to influence the evolutionary trajectory, an aspect that is often overlooked in laboratory directed evolution studies. We selected the Escherichia coli nitro/quinone reductase NfsA for chloramphenicol detoxification by simultaneously randomising eight active site residues and interrogating ~250,000,000 reconfigured variants. Analysis of every possible intermediate of the two best chloramphenicol reductases revealed complex epistatic interactions. In both cases, improved chloramphenicol detoxification was only observed after an R225 substitution that largely eliminated activity with endogenous quinones. Error-prone PCR mutagenesis reinforced the importance of R225 substitutions, found in 100% of selected variants. This strong activity trade-off demonstrates that endogenous cellular metabolites hold considerable potential to shape evolutionary outcomes. Unselected prodrug-converting activities were mostly unaffected, emphasising the importance of negative selection to effect enzyme specialisation, and offering an application for the evolved genes as dual-purpose selectable/counter-selectable markers.
Perspectivas do uso de Planilhas Eletrônicas no Ensino de Estatística
Authors: Frei Fernando
Published: February 2021

Muitos professores acreditam que uma planilha eletrônica fornece um melhor ambiente educacional para ensinar estatística em nível elementar. A planilha eletrônica pode ser uma ferramenta facilitadora para o aluno, permitindo que particione os cálculos para que possa entender conceitos estatísticos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um panorama geral do uso de planilhas eletrônicas, em especial a planilha eletrônica Microsoft Excel® no ensino de Estatística através de um conjunto de trabalhos que tratam do referido tema, bem como a possibilidade do uso da planilha eletrônica para simulação com o emprego de imagens.  Os resultados do levantamento realizado evidenciam diversas possibilidades para o desenvolvimento de atividades no campo do ensino da Estatística, desde os mais simples, com uso de medidas sintéticas e gráficos, até o uso de experimentos e modelagem. Não há um consenso sobre o uso de planilhas eletrônicas para ensino de Estatística e críticas são comuns, no entanto, diversas aplicações e atividades, em especial, a facilidade de desenvolver simulações, podem contribuir para a o processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
Land inequality and numeracy in Spain during the seventeenth and eighteenth century
Authors: Pérez-Artés Mari Carmen , Baten Jörg
Published: February 2021

We assess the relationship between land inequality and human capital at the end of the early modern period, focusing on individual-level evidence from Spain. Our main finding is that land inequality had already had a significant negative effect on the formation of human capital there in the late-seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. We argue that this reflects the important role of a social structure based on farming families (as opposed to latifundia and day laborers) in the development of numeracy. This is consistent with earlier studies, which argued that farming households could (1) maintain a relatively favourable nutritional standard as a precondition for cognitive skills, (2) limit child labour and (3) encourage numeracy due to its demand by farming activities. Our results are robust, as they include several control variables and potential confounding variables.
Effect of Silica Powder on the Bond between Building Stones and Pumice Concrete
Authors: Rjoub Muhammad I. M.
Published: February 2021

The Concrete Backed Stone (CBS) masonry structures are common in many countries in the Middle East. The weak bond and heavyweight are two main problems facing such masonry structures. In this research, Pumice Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (PLWAC) containing silica powder addition is used in backing building stones. The main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of using silica powder addition on the bond strength between building stones and the PLWAC. An experimental program is conducted to investigate the bond strength by applying a direct shear load to the concrete-stone interface. The study investigated the effect of some parameters such as the silica content, the stone surface roughness, and the concrete strength on the bond between lightweight concrete and building stones. The stone roughness comprised specimens of saw-cut and grooved stones with different groove depths. Tests showed that the bond and the compressive strength of the PLWAC increased by increasing the silica content up to 15 percent, where they start to decline. The increase in bond strength corresponding to 10 and 15 percent silica content was 14 and 33 percent, respectively. Increasing the stone roughness by about 50 percent of the saw-cut surface area provided a full bond between the building stones and their backing concrete. Furthermore, the study offered a formula that estimates the bond strength and agrees well with test results. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091656 Full Text: PDF
Performance Assessment of Interaction Soil Pile Structure Using the Fragility Methodology
Authors: Nesrine Guettafi , Djarir Yahiaoui , Khelifa Abbeche , Tayeb Bouzid
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to investigate whether the seismic fragility and performance of interaction soil-pile-structure (ISPS) were affected by different parameters:  axial load, a section of the pile, and the longitudinal steel ratio of the pile were implanted in different type of sand (loose, medium, dense). In order to better understand the ISPS phenomena, a series of nonlinear static analysis have been conducted for two different cases, namely: (i) fixed system and (ii) ISPS system, to get the curves of the capacity of every parameter for developing the fragility curve. After a comparison of the numerical results of pushover analysis and fragility curves, the results indicate that these parameters are significantly influenced on lateral capacity, ductility and seismic fragility on the ISPS. The increasing in the axial load exhibit high probabilities of exceeding the damage state. The increase in pile section and longitudinal steel ratio, the effect of probability damage (low and high) are not only related to the propriety geometrically, but also related to the values of ductility and lateral capacity of the system. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091660 Full Text: PDF
Польські прізвища на -owicz/-ewicz в антропоніміконі м. Луцька
Authors: Скорук Ірина
Published: February 2021

У статті проаналізовано польські прізвища лучан на -owicz/-ewicz, дібрані з метричних книг Державного архіву Волинської області й актових записів про народження Луцького міського рацсу. З’ясовано, що аналізована модель репрезентує у своїй основі переважно особові імена й апелятиви з особовим та неособовим значенням. Аналіз фактичного матеріалу засвідчив велику продуктивність словотвірної моделі.
Aspectos Socioeconómicos y ambientales de las Sequías en México
Authors:   Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua (IMTA). México, Ortega-Gaucin David , Velasco Israel ,   Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua (IMTA). México
Published: February 2021

La sequía es un fenómeno natural impredecible que tiende a extenderse de manera irregular a través del tiempo y del espacio, y sus efectos son, con frecuencia, desastrosos. En este trabajo se presentan los principales aspectos socioeconómicos y ambientales relacionados con las sequías y sus impactos en México. Se incluye en principio un apartado en el que se analiza el concepto de sequía y los tipos de sequía identificados en la literatura especializada, así como los principales impactos genéricos de las sequías en los sectores económico, social y ambiental. Luego se presenta una narrativa sobre los impactos de las sequías en México, desde la época prehispánica hasta la actualidad. Finalmente, se incluye un apartado dedicado a analizar la vulnerabilidad actual ante la sequía en México. Se concluye que las sequías ocurridas en el pasado en este país han afectado principalmente al sector agropecuario y a la población rural, y han tenido un carácter altamente social; asimismo, en la actualidad la población y los diversos sectores socioeconómicos de ciertas áreas del país (sobre todo en el norte y centro), siguen siendo muy vulnerables ante los embates del fenómeno.
Estudio de erosión local en grupos de Pilas Cuadradas
Authors:   Facultad de Ingeniería. Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA). Argentina, Puricelli Martín , Spalletti Pablo ,   Laboratorio de Hidráulica. Instituto Nacional del Agua (INA). Argentina, Paterson Agnes ,   Facultad de Ingeniería. Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA). Argentina
Published: February 2021

Con el objeto de realizar experiencias relativas a la erosión local en grupo de pilas, para los casos menos estudiados pero de aplicación práctica, se trabajó con dos pilas de sección cuadrada. Se realizaron ensayos a fondo móvil en un canal de dos metros de ancho en condiciones de agua clara, sin transporte de sedimento aguas arriba de estas estructuras para evitar las complejidades propias de las formas de fondo. Se exploraron una variedad de condiciones experimentales con diferentes tirantes (entre 30 y 50 cm), espaciamiento entre pilas y la configuración de las mismas. Las pilas tienen 20 cm de lado. En un caso, ambas pilas están alineadas a la corriente y en el segundo caso que denominamos al tresbolillo, las pilas están desplazadas lateralmente una respecto de la otra. En este trabajo se analizan las erosiones máximas medidas, el campo de velocidades alrededor de las pilas y el relevamiento batimétrico del lecho del canal. Las erosiones máximas medidas se compararon con diferentes fórmulas de predicción. Se estudió la evolución temporal de la erosión comparándola con ensayos similares de larga duración pero con una única pila, analizándose también el ajuste de formulaciones predictivas del avance de la socavación en el tiempo. En todos los casos se observó una dependencia de la erosión máxima respecto de la separación entre pilas para los grupos de pilas alineadas. Esta erosión es sobreestimada con la fórmula del HEC-18 para la geometría en tresbolillo. Estos efectos de conjunto para las pilas alineadas se manifiestan desde los primeros minutos de las experiencias. Para la geometría en tresbolillo se observó un cambio en la curvatura de la evolución temporal de la erosión que se puede asociar justamente a estos efectos de conjunto.
Seguridad hídrica: retos y respuestas, la fase VIII del programa hidrológico internacional de la Unesco (2014-2021)
Authors:   División de Ciencias de Agua y Secretaria del Programa Hidrológico Internacional de la UNESCO. Francia, Jiménez-Cisneros Blanca
Published: February 2021

Este trabajo describe los grandes retos que a nivel global, regional y local se enfrentan en el tema del agua. Asimismo se presentan las necesidades de adaptación al cambio climático en este mismo campo. Como respuesta, tanto para manejar riesgos y aprovechar incluso posibles oportunidades, el Programa Hidrológico Internacional que es un programa intergubernamental tiene por objetivo para los próximos ocho años contribuir a la Seguridad Hídrica. Para definir el contenido de este programa, periódicamente los Estados Miembros de la UNESCO definen las prioridades de investigación, desarrollo tecnológico, innovación y educación. Para implementar estas prioridades, en forma coordinada, además del personal y los proyectos directamente realizados por la organización, los Estados Miembros cuentan con la “familia del Agua de la UNESCO”, compuesta a la fecha por el centro UNESCO-IHE ubicado en Holanda, el Programa Mundial para Evaluar los Recursos Hídricos asentado en Italia y que produce el Informe de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Desarrollo de los Recursos Hídricos en el Mundo 27 centros de agua bajo los hospicios de la UNESCO y 35 cátedras de agua en diversas partes del mundo. A esta familia se accede mediante solicitud formal de los gobiernos al PHI y al Consejo de la UNESCO.
El espacio fluvial: comparación del marco legal-administrativo de Chile, Brasil, México, España e Italia y criterios para definir corredores fluviales
Authors:   Italian Centre for River Restoration, CIRF. Italia, Nardini Andrea , Meier Claudio ,   Department of Civil Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis. Estados Unidos de América, Gomes Miguez Marcelo ,   Programa de Engenharia Urbana, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Brasil
Published: February 2021

Aumentan en el mundo los problemas asociados al mal manejo de los ríos, en particular los eventos de inundación, los fenómenos de dinámica fluvial (erosión de riberas, degradación de cauces, destrucción de obras), así como la pérdida de importantes servicios ambientales. Uno de los factores clave es la reducción progresiva del espacio fluvial. En el proyecto UE SERELAREFA de cooperación con Latino América (www.serelarefa.com) se ha investigado la legislación que rige a los corredores fluviales en los países socios, descubriendo profundas falencias conceptuales y prácticas que, en definitiva, llevan los ríos a perder cada vez más espacio, incrementando su “rigidez”. Se identifican los aspectos críticos y se propone un marco de apoyo para ir definiendo el espacio fluvial socialmente deseable. Para ello es clave la integración de aportes de conocimiento desde la hidrología, la geomorfología fluvial, y la ecología; sin embargo, es fundamental reconocer que estos sólo son insumos a integrar dentro de un complejo proceso decisional-participativo, adaptativo, que abarque las dimensiones ambientales, socio-culturales y económicas, y que lleve a la sociedad a escoger la configuración que le quiere asignar a sus ríos en función de objetivos claros e inevitablemente conflictivos. Se espera que este artículo estimule iniciativas innovadoras.
'NEW EXPERIMENTS IN CLASSICAL DANCE': KATHAK AND HAVELI MUSIC TERMS
Authors: Verma Vinita
Published: February 2021

Music, that is, singing, playing and dancing, is supernatural and supernatural because of its nature. Spiritual music is the path leading to salvation through self-promotion by making life sacred. The dance has originated from the core of religion. Mystics have defined it as the basis of ecstasy.Dance and singing are said to be the best means of attaining salvation here. The Kathak dance, which is otherwise called 'Natvari dance', implies that Kathak dance relies mostly on Krishnacharitra for its expression. Uto Kathak has traditionally been exhibited on many verses, thumri, bhajans, etc. But for some years, a unique adornment of its own art is being done by art seekers through innovative experimentation in every field of art which is known as art (fans ) Is also well appreciated and accepted. Kathak dance, while staying within the limits of scripture, has always made new experiments in the field of emotion display.

संगीत ंअर्थात् गायन, वादन और नृत्य अतिप्राचीन और ब्रह्मस्वरूप होने के कारण अलौकिक है । आद्यात्मिक संगीत जीवन को पवित्र बनाकर आत्मोन्नति द्वारा मोक्ष की ओर ले जानेवाला मार्ग है । नृत्य का आरंभ धर्म के मूल भाव से हुआ है । मनीषियों ने इसे परमानंद का आधार निरूपित किया है ।नृत्य और गान को हमारे यहांॅं, मोक्ष प्राप्ति का श्रेष्ठतम साधन बताया गया है । कथक नृत्य जिसका अन्य नाम ही ‘नटवरी नृत्य’ है, इसका द्योतक है कि कथक नृत्य अपनी अभिव्यक्ति के लिए अधिकांशतः कृष्णचरित्र पर ही निर्भर है । यू ंतो कथक में परंपरागत अनेकों पद, ठुमरी, भजन इत्यादि पर भाव प्रदर्शन किया ही जाता रहा है किंतु कुछ वर्षो से कला के हर क्षेत्र में नवीन प्रयोग द्वारा अपनी अपनी कला का एक अपूर्व श्रृंगार कला साधकोें द्वारा किया जा रहा है जिसे कला (प्रशंसकों) द्वारा भी सहर्ष सराहा एवं स्वीकारा जा रहा है । कथक नृत्य ने भी शास्त्र की सीमा में रहते हुए भाव प्रदर्शन के क्षेत्र में नित नवीन प्रयोग किये है ।
ROLE OF MEDIA IN PROPAGATION OF MUSIC
Authors: Srivastava Kinshuk , Gupta Suyanka
Published: February 2021

Drama and theater have probably been the first strong and vibrant mass media of mankind for centuries. Along with the changing times and society, its form and concerns also kept changing. In ancient times, classical theater was royal and folk theater was dictated. In the medieval period, Muslim-Mughal rulers developed and expanded almost all forms of arts. With the change of time and society, the medium of expression and the nature of literature and arts also change. Science made unprecedented progress in the modern period. New inventions took place. The printing press achieved immense success in making literature accessible and as a medium of information communication. Newspapers turned rumors into authentic information and played a very important role in creating a mass movement in our freedom struggle.

नाटक और रंगमंच सम्भवतः मनुष्य जाति का पहला और सदियों तक एकमात्र सशक्त एवं जीवन्त जन-माध्यम रहा है। बदलते हुए समय और समाज के साथ-साथ इसके स्वरूप एवं सरोकार भी लगातार बदलते रहे। प्राचीन काल में शास्त्रीय रंगमंच राज्याश्रित था और लोक-रंगमंच जनाश्रित। मध्यकाल में, मुसलमान-मुगल शासकों ने कलाओं के लगभग सभी रूपों का खूब विकास और विस्तार किया। समय और समाज के परिवर्तन से अभिव्यक्ति माध्यम और साहित्य एवं कलाओं के स्वरूप भी बदलते हैं। आधुनिक काल में विज्ञान ने अभूतपूर्व प्रगति की। नए-नए आविष्कार हुए। प्रिंटिंग प्रेस ने साहित्य को जन-सुलभ बनाने और सूचना-संचार के माध्यम के रूप में अपार सफलता प्राप्त की। अखबारों ने अफवाहों को प्रामाणिक सूचनाओं में बदल दिया और हमारे स्वतंत्रता-संग्राम में जनान्दोलन पैदा करने में अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई।
ROLE OF COMMUNICATION TOOLS IN THE PROMOTION OF MUSIC
Authors: Nagar Vidhi
Published: February 2021

In the modern era, it would be like glorifying the media to include every media related to human life from fingernail to fire. It is the medium that has the ancient ideology and values ​​of society as popular with globalization and modern thought stream The society, which is inhabited by the rajas, has also been plunged to the present day, seeing the reach and impact of media in particular, a frazzled Schmimiya state has been born, especially in order to achieve the concept of global global culture of Mishwa. It is from these media that we can see the news of events at the far end of the world, as far as music is concerned, it is possible that we can cope with many ages, ages and lives. When it is achieved in its present form, in the same continuous stream of time, it is infectious, sometimes Pallimat and Sushobhamat are the modern communication mediums in this stream are also pushing it deeper.Achayat Sharangadei has said in his famous book, Song Ratnakaresh

आधुमनक काल में मानि जीिन से संबंमधत हर क्षेत्र को नख से मशख तक प्रभामित करने िाले संचार माध्यमों को ममहमादृमंमित करनाए सूरज को मदया मदखाने जैसा होगा द्य यह िह माध्यम है मजसने िैश्वीकरण ि आधुमनक मिचार धारा से लबरेज समाज के सार्थ ही पुरातन मिचारधाराए मान्यताओं ि रीमत ररिाजों से सराबोर समाज को भी तह तक प्रभामित मकया है द्य िततमान समय में संचार माध्यमों कीए मिशेषकर मीमिया की पह ंच और प्रभाि को देखते ह ए ही एक फ्रेज़ श्मीमिया स्टेटश् का जन्म ह आ है द्य मिशेषकर मिश्व के श्ग्लोबल मिलेजश् की पररकल्पना को प्राप्त करने में सबसे महत्िपूणत हार्थए इन्हीं संचार माध्यमों का हैए इन्हीं की बदौलत हम कोसों दूर की क्याए मिश्व के दूरस्र्थ छोर की खबरोंए घटनाओं का उसी पल अिलोकन कर सकते है द्य जहां तक संगीत का सम्बन्ध हैए यह सित मिमदत है मक अनेकों युगोंए कालोंए ि पररमस्तमर्थयों का सामना करते ह ए यह अपने िततमान स्िरुप को प्राप्त ह आ है द्य समय की इसी सतत प्रिामहत धारा में कभी यह संक्रममत ह आए तो कभी पल्लमित ि सुशोमभत द्य इसी धारा क्रम में आधुमनक संचार माध्यम भी इसे गहरे तक प्रभामित कर रहे है द्यआचायत शारंगदेि ने अपने प्रमसद्ध ग्रन्र्थ श्संगीत रत्नाकरश् में कहा है
ROLE OF INTERNET IN GLOBALIZED MUSIC
Authors: Soni Pratamma
Published: February 2021

The word globalization literally means the process of conversion of local or regional objects or events to the world. It can also be used to describe a process by which people from all over the world can make a decision and work together.Globalization is often used in the context of economic globalization, but the field of agriculture also has an unprecedented visualization. One meaning of globalization is the concept of the cosmopolitan that is tied to a traditional formula by embracing holistic law.

वैश्वीकरण का शाब्दिक अर्थ स्र्ानीय या क्षेत्रीय वस्तुओं या घटनाओं के ब्वश्व पर रूपांतरण की प्रब्िया है इसे एक ऐसी प्रब्िया का वणथन करने क ब्िए भी प्रयुक्त ब्कया जा सकता द्वारा पुरे ब्वश्व के िोग ब्ििकर एक सिाज का ब्निाथण कर सकते हैएतर्ा एक जुट होकर कायथ करते हैवैश्वीकरण का उपयोग अकसर आब्र्थक वैश्वीकरण के सन्िभथ िें ब्कया जाता है ब्कन्तु किा के क्षेत्र िें भी अभूतपूवथ दृश्य दृब्िगोचर होता हैएवैश्वीकरण का एक अर्थ वशुधैवं कुटुम्बदकि की अवधारणा ब्जसने सम्बपूणथ वसुधा को एब्ककार कर एक पाररवाररक सूत्र िें बांध ब्िया है।
MUSIC USE IN MEDICINE: A PREVIEW
Authors: Gandhi Alapparani
Published: February 2021

Music is an art that affects not only the conscious but also the roots. Music not only gives pleasure, but is also indicative of the mental state of man or creature and also affects our emotions. The inclusion of tone and tempo in music affects our soul. Human actions are also dynamic because of the resemblance between the two, the raga raagnis affect our soul and body. The power of raga and rhythm comes due to their regularity. It is the nature of man's behavior that we are more affected by regularity or harmony than by balancing imbalance, order in chaos, and reconciliation. Therefore, we can say that restraint and harmony of tone and rhythm affect us.

संगीत एक ऐसी कला है जिससे न केवल चेतन अपितु जड़ भी प्रभावित होता है। संगीत केवल आनंदानुभूति ही नहीं देता वरन् मनुष्य या प्राणी की मानसिक स्थितियो की भी सूचक होता है और हमारे मनो भावों को भी प्रभावित करता है। संगीत मे स्वर व गति (लय) का समावेश हमारी आत्मा को प्रभावित करता है। मानवीय क्रियाए भी गत्यात्मक होती है दोनों मे सादृश्यता होने के कारण ही राग रागनियाँ हमारी आत्मा और शरीर को प्रभावित करती है। राग और लय की शक्ति इनकी नियमितता के कारण ही आती है। यह मनुष्य का स्वभावगत व्यवहार है कि असंतुलन में संतुलन, अव्यवस्था में व्यवस्था और असामंजस्य में सामंजस्य लाने की अपेक्षा नियमितता या स ंयम से हम अधिक प्रभावित होते है। अतः हम यह कह सकते है कि स्वर एवं लय का संयम तथा सामंजस्य ही हमें प्रभावित करता है।
AN ESSAY ON THE ‘SENSORY (EXPERIENTIAL) PHENOMENON’ WITH A PERSPECTIVE FROM THE ANTHROPOLOGY
Authors: KARTAL Asiye Nisa , KARTAL Hasan Basri
Published: February 2021

Following the rise of life philosophies and phenomenology in the early 20th century drawing into attention to the importance of human experience; the bodily experience and its sensory contents have begun to be examined. Especially, after World War II, the sensory phenomenon of the human and place interactions and their forms, nature, and dimensions have begun to be examined both scientifically and philosophically. Due to approaches paying attention to the sensorial interpretation of the world, the ‘sensory phenomenon’ emerged as a paradigmatic turn in the field of humanities and social sciences, and anthropology; and anthropologist David Howes called this shift as a ‘sensorial revolution’. This paper starts with a chronological reading on the ‘sensory phenomenon’ in the modern era and continues to discuss the process until the foundation of the nucleus of ‘Centre for Sensory Studies’ in 1988 by anthropologist David Howes and sociologist Anthony Synnott. Then, the paper makes an end of revealing the summary of the period after the 1980s; while the sensory studies influenced a variety of disciplines, and afterwards, the spatial dimensions of the sensations have been explored.
In vitro effects of quinine on the antibacterial activity of erythromycin against bacteria of clinical relevance
Authors: Oluremi Adejoke Akinwale  , Uyi Oluwatobi Emokpae  , Opeyemi Mariam Adebogun  , Morenike Olutumbi Adeoye-Isijola  , Olufunmiso Olusola Olajuyigbe
Published: February 2021

The study investigated the in vitro effects of quinine on the antibacterial activity of erythromycin for possible interactions. The antibacterial activities of each drug and their combinations were investigated by agar diffusion, agar and macrobroth dilution methods. While 100 µl of 1000 µg/ml of erythromycin produced inhibition zones ranging between 13 and 31 ± 1.0 mm in all the isolates except K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa ATCC 19582, combining the highest concentration of erythromycin with 35 µg/ml of quinine produced inhibition zones ranging between 14 and 34 ± 1.0 mm with the exception of S. flexneri KZN. Though quinine had no antibacterial effects on the isolates, erythromycin was effective at minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging between 25 and 100 µg/ml while their combinations resulted in reduction of MICs of most of the isolates to 12.5 µg/ml except those against A. calcaoceuticus anitratus CSIR, Ps. aeruginosa ATCC 15442, P. shigelloides ATCC 51903, A. hydrophila ATCC 35654, Ps. aeruginosa ATCC 19582 and E. faecalis KZN that remained unchanged in agar dilution. While the MICs of erythromycin ranged between 25 and 50 µg/ml, the MICs of this antibiotic was reduced to concentrations ranging between 12.5 and 50 µg/ml indicating 50% to 75% in the presence of quinine. The combination of erythromycin and quinine, in vitro, resulted in synergistic (50%), additive/indifference (44.44%) and antagonistic (11.11%) interactions while quinine at concentrations lower than plasma quinine concentrations was inhibitory to the antibacterial activity of erythromycin. The synergistic effect may serve as remedy for bacterial infections in which the test bacteria have been implicated.
Computational technologies in seismological research (on the example of KNET, Northern Tian Shan)
Authors: Sycheva N.A.
Published: February 2021

The results of long-term seismological investigations have been represented in the manuscript, which were obtained by the data of the seismological network KNET established in 1991 in Northern Tien Shan. Use of various tools for processing of the obtained seismic data allowed solving a number of seismological problems, such as assessment of kinematic and dynamic parameters of earthquakes, determination of parameters of the stress – strained state of the of the crust. The new results describing in details the determinations of various indicators of seismicity in the territory of the Bishkek geodynamic test site, Northern Tien Shan have been presented. The book will be useful to the young researchers and graduate students working in the field of Earth Sciences.
Polymorphic Forms of Chocolate: Application of Solid-State Characterization in the Food Industry
Authors: Dezena Renan
Published: February 2021

The perception of chocolate palate is directly related to the crystallographic structure, particle size range (0.01 mm to 0.1 mm), geometry and spatial arrangement.
APLIKASI SISTEM MONITORING APLIKASI SISTEM MONITORING PELAPORAN PERKEMBANGAN KEGIATAN PENELITIAN DI BALAI PENELITIAN TANAMAN JERUK DAN BUAH SUBTROPIKA, BATU
Authors: Wahyuningsih Dian , Utsalina Dwi Safiroh , Prasetyo Andri
Published: February 2021

Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan buah Subtropika (Balitjestro) merupakan lembaga dibawah kementerian Pertanian yang mempunyai tugas pokok untuk melaksanakan penelitian dalam rangka penguasaan inovasi teknologi tanaman jeruk dan buah subtropika. Setiap kegiatan penelitian disertai dengan laporan mulai dari rencana sampai dengan capaian hasil kegiatan. Dan dilanjutkan dengan kegiatan monitoring (yang terdiri dari mengamati, mengontrol dan memverifikasi dengan cermat apa yang telah dikerjakan dalam suatu kegiatan penelitian). Selama ini sistem pelaporan perkembangan penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan di Balitjestro masih secara konvensional, yaitu peneliti menyerahkan lembar dokumen laporan yang dicetak kepada unit Yantek, jadwal pelaksanaan penelitian yang padat mengakibatkan kegiatan penyerahan laporan menjadi sering terlambat atau tertunda, dan akibat keterlambatan tersebut, unit (yantek) tidak dapat segera menyusun laporan untuk pimpinan, kecepatan laporan mempengaruhi evaluasi kinerja oleh pmpinan, selain kurang efisiennya proses penyerahan laporan, yantek juga  kesulitan untuk memonitor laporan yang sudah atau belum terkirim. Dengan dibangunnya sebuah aplikasi monitoring dapat mempermudah pengguna (tim peneliti) dalam penyampaian laporan rencana kegiatan karena dapat dilakukan tanpa meninggalkan ruangan sehingga dapat menghemat waktu. dan admin (yantek) dapat dengan mudah memonitor pelaporan yang sudah atau belum terkirim hanya dengan mengakses aplikasi monitoring pelaporan perkembangan kegiatan penelitian berbasis web
Pengaruh Variasi Rasio H2O2/COD dan Tegangan Terhadap Penurunan COD Air Limbah Rumah Sakit dengan Metode Elektro – Fenton
Authors: Putri Fami Amalia , Sarto Sarto , Yuliansyah Ahmad Tawfiequrrahman
Published: February 2021

Limbah Rumah Sakit memiliki senyawa polutan yang tinggi, beracun, dan bahkan ada yang bersifat radioaktif. Limbah yang paling banyak terdapat di Rumah Sakit yaitu limbah dalam bentuk cair yang mengandung limbah obat – obatan seperti jenis antibiotik, beberapa mikroorganisme patogen, dan kandungan logam berat yang dapat mencemari lingkungan hidup, mengganggu kesehatan manusia dan makhluk hidup lain. Limbah Rumah Sakit Kota Yogyakarta mempunyai kadar COD yang tinggi yaitu 421,03 mg/L dengan pH sebesar 7,3. Advanced Oxidation Process (AOPs) telah banyak terbukti dapat menurunkan kadar COD limbah industri maupun domestik. Pada penelitian ini, AOPs yang dipilih adalah Elektro – Fenton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh kondisi operasi yang maksimum pada metode Elektro - Fenton dan mengetahui pengaruh dari parameter yang digunakan untuk menurunkan kadar Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Penanganan uji COD dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengurangan kadar oksigen pada air limbah agar sesuai dengan standar baku mutu air limbah Rumah Sakit yang dapat dibuang ke lingkungan yaitu sebesar 80 ppm. Proses Elektro – Fenton dilakukan secara batch, dengan variasi rasio H2O2/COD yang digunakan terdiri dari 2,125; 10; dan 19, 16 (g/g). Sedangkan variasi tegangan sebesar 3 volt, 4 volt, dan 5 volt. Kondisi maksimum diperoleh pada rasio H2O2/COD 10 (g/g) dan tegangan 4 volt dengan waktu kontak 60 menit. Kata Kunci : air limbah rumah sakit, elektro – fenton, proses oksidasi lanjutan, kebutuhan oksigen kimiawi, hidrogen peroksida