bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On a connection with a torsion non-tensor and a curvature non-tensor
Authors: Polyakova K.V.
Published: December 2023

This paper relates to differential geometry, and the research technique is based on G. F. Laptev’s method of extensions and envelopments, which generalizes E. Cartan's method of moving frame and exterior forms.

A manifold is studied, the structure equations and derivational for­mu­las of which are built using the deformations of the exterior and ordinary differentials. The manifold in question is a deformation of an ordinary smooth manifold. The bundles of non-symmetrical coframes and frames of the second order on this manifold are examined and an affine con­nec­tion is given. It is proved that the curvature and torsion of this connection are not tensors. A canonical connection is built. It is shown that the cano­ni­cal connectionis flat and non-symmetrical.
Đặc điểm thực vật, mã vạch DNA và phân tích sơ bộ thành phần hóa học của cây Trà gân-Camellia euphlebia, Theaceae
Authors: Dương Nguyên Xuân Lâm Dương Nguyên Xuân Lâm , Nguyễn Đỗ Lâm Điền Nguyễn Đỗ Lâm Điền , Lý Hồng Hương Hạ Lý Hồng Hương Hạ
Published: December 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Cây Trà gân là loài đặc hữu có ở miền Bắc Việt Nam và Tây Nam Trung Quốc. Chiết xuất từ lá có tác dụng chống ung thư, chống oxy hóa, hạ đường huyết. Nhóm tác giả muốn bổ sung một vài thông tin để nhận diện loài này. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Khảo sát đặc điểm thực vật, mã vạch DNA để góp phần định danh đúng loài Trà gân và sơ bộ thành phần hóa học. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Cây Trà gân tươi được thu thập tại Hoành Bồ - Quảng Ninh, đánh giá hình thái bằng cách quan sát và đo các đặc điểm của mẫu thân, lá và hoa tươi của chúng; đối với các nghiên cứu giải phẫu, các vi phẫu thu được bằng dao lam, các mẫu được nhuộm với carmin và vert'iod, các hình vi học được chụp bằng máy ảnh Samsung qua thị kính của kính hiển vi, kèm phân tích trình tự gen matK và khảo sát sơ bộ thành phần hóa học bột lá bằng phương pháp Ciuley có cải tiến. Kết quả: Loài Trà gân được định danh dựa trên hình thái và trình tự gen matK xác định tên khoa học là Camellia euphlebia Merr. ex Sealy có đặc điểm hình thái đặc trưng: Lá đơn, mọc cách, nhiều lá đài, cánh hoa và nhị, 3 lá noãn, bầu trên; kèm dữ liệu giải phẫu: Gỗ-libe hình cung ở vi phẫu lá, 1 lớp mô giậu, thể cứng hiện diện trong giải phẫu thân và lá, bột dược liệu (đặc trưng là thể cứng) và sơ bộ thành phần hóa học bao gồm: Tinh dầu, chất béo, sterol, flavonoid, saponin, tannin và alkaloid. Kết luận: Nghiên cứu góp phần cung cấp thêm dữ liệu về mã vạch DNA, đặc điểm hình thái, giải phẫu thân, lá và thành phần hóa học có trong lá của loài Trà gân ở Việt Nam.
Tác động của tốc độ tăng trưởng tín dụng đến rủi ro thanh khoản: Trường hợp các ngân hàng thương mại Việt Nam
Authors: Nguyễn Kim Chi Nguyễn Kim Chi , Võ Thị Diễm Hồng Võ Thị Diễm Hồng , Phạm Thu Hà Phạm Thu Hà , Võ Ngọc Châu Võ Ngọc Châu
Published: December 2023

Mục đích của bài nghiên cứu này nhằm tìm ra tác động của tăng trưởng tín dụng đến rủi ro thanh khoản của các ngân hàng thương mại tại Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu sử dụng các dữ liệu từ báo cáo thường niên, báo cáo tài chính của 27 ngân hàng thương mại Việt Nam giai đoạn 2010 – 2021. Bằng các phương pháp nghiên cứu định lượng như: hồi quy dữ liệu bảng Pooled OLS, FEM, REM, GLS và phương pháp hồi quy hai bước GMM, kết quả nghiên cứu từ mô hình hồi quy cho thấy tốc độ tăng trưởng tín dụng tác động cùng chiều đến rủi ro thanh khoản của các ngân hàng thương mại Việt Nam. Ngoài ra, các biến kiểm soát như: khả năng sinh lời từ vốn chủ sở hữu, tỷ lệ vốn chủ sở hữu cũng tác động cùng chiều đến rủi ro thanh khoản. Bên cạnh đó, một số biến như: quy mô ngân hàng và khả năng sinh lời từ tổng tài sản lại có tác động ngược chiều đến rủi ro thanh khoản. Kết quả nghiên cứu này là cơ sở để các nhà hoạch định chính sách đưa ra những chính sách về tăng trưởng tín dụng của ngân hàng trong tương lai để hạn chế rủi ro thanh khoản.
Trách nhiệm hình sự của đồng phạm trong trường hợp tự ý nửa chừng chấm dứt việc phạm tội
Authors: Phan Thị Trúc Phương Phan Thị Trúc Phương
Published: December 2023

Đồng phạm là hình thức phạm tội đặc biệt, có hai người trở lên cố ý cùng thực hiện một tội phạm, do đó vấn đề xác định trách nhiệm hình sự của đồng phạm trong trường hợp tự ý nửa chừng chấm dứt việc phạm tội có nhiều điểm khác biệt so với trường hợp phạm tội đơn lẻ. Bài viết tập trung phân tích, làm rõ những quy định của pháp luật hình sự Việt Nam về vấn đề xác định trách nhiệm hình sự của đồng phạm trong trường hợp tự ý nửa chừng chấm dứt việc phạm tội như trách nhiệm hình sự của người thực hành và các loại chủ thể khác trong đồng phạm (người xúi giục, người tổ chức và người giúp sức). Từ đó chỉ ra những hạn chế còn tồn tại và đưa ra kiến nghị hoàn thiện quy định của pháp luật hình sự Việt Nam về vấn đề xác định trách nhiệm hình sự của đồng phạm trong trường hợp tự ý nửa chừng chấm dứt việc phạm tội.
Assessment of Salmonella Species and Escherichia Coli Prevalence, as well as Antimicrobial Profiles, in Sliced Pineapple Vended within Abakaliki Metropolis
Authors:   Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria, N Afiukwa Felicitas , G. Obaji Debora ,   Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, AlexEkwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Nigeria, P. C. Ugwu Okechukwu ,   Department of Publication and Extension, Kampala International University, Uganda.
Published: December 2023

The prevalent practice of vending sliced pineapple and various fruits on the streets of Nigeria due to cost constraints among buyers has raised concerns regarding potential contaminations and subsequent health risks to consumers. This study procured sixty samples of sliced, ready-to-eat pineapple from street vendors in Abakaliki Metropolis, analyzing them for Salmonella and E. coli contamination using microbiological and biochemical techniques. The isolates underwent antibiotic sensitivity screening via the disc diffusion method. The findings revealed a 20% prevalence of Salmonella species and a striking 70% prevalence of Escherichia coli in the sliced pineapple fruits. Further investigation into antibiotic susceptibility exhibited a concerning pattern of high multidrug resistance among the isolated organisms. Salmonella species showcased resistance percentages ranging from 50% to 100% against ceftriaxone, nitrofurantoin, meropenem, pefloxacin, chloramphenicol, ofloxacin, and amoxicillin. In comparison, Escherichia coli exhibited resistance values varying between 28.6% and 100% against the same antibiotics. This study emphasizes that the prevalent practice of slicing and vending fruits on the streets significantly contributes to the dissemination of multi-drug resistant pathogens. Urgent intervention and discouragement of this practice by pertinent authorities are imperative to mitigate the escalating health risks associated with such contaminated fruit vending practices. Keywords: Street vended fruits, sliced pineapple fruits, fruit contamination, multi-drug resistance, Samonella species, E. coli.
Emerging Trends of Extended Spectrum BetaLactamase and Metallo-Beta Lactamase Escherichia Coli Strains among Pregnant Women in Mile 4 Hospital, Abakaliki: Implications for Antenatal Care
Authors:   Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria, N. Afiukwa Felicitas , Thamos Elege ,   Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria, R., Iroha Ifeanyichukwu ,   Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria, P. Nweze Nwabueze ,   Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria, P. C. Ugwu Okechukwu ,   Department of Publication and Extensions, Kampala International University, Uganda.
Published: December 2023

This investigation assessed the prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and metallo-beta lactamase (MBL) producing Escherichia coli among seemingly healthy pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at Mile 4 Hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria. A total of 100 midstream urine samples were collected and processed using standard microbiology techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted via the disc diffusion method. ESBL and MBL production screening utilized the double disc synergy test and the combined disc test inhibition assay, respectively. The findings demonstrated a 54% prevalence of E. coli among the study participants, with the highest occurrence observed in the third trimester (31.5%) and the lowest in the first trimester (25.9%). Across age groups, prevalence ranged from 9.3% in participants aged ≤20 years to 44.4% in the 21-30 age bracket. Additionally, among participants with varying educational backgrounds, prevalence ranged from 18.5% in uneducated individuals to 33.3% in those with a secondary education. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates varied from 0% to 81.5%. ESBL and MBL screening identified 18 (33.3%) and 11 (20.4%) positive isolates, respectively. The antibiotic susceptibility among ESBL-producing E. coli ranged from 0% to 100%, while MBL-positive E. coli showed susceptibility ranging from 0% to 90.5%. The multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI) ranged from 0.3 to 1.0, with an average of 0.7 among the isolates. This study highlights a substantial prevalence of multidrug-resistant ESBL and MBL-producing E. coli strains among apparently healthy pregnant women. This situation raises concerns about the early exposure of fetuses to multidrug resistance, emphasizing the urgency for proactive measures to address this emerging health risk. Keywords: ESBL positive E. coli, metallo-betalactamase positive E. coli, apparently healthy pregnant women, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
Payload Design for the Space Elevator Climber
Authors:   Bartoszek Engineering, Bartoszek Larry , Wright Dennis H ,   International Space Elevator Consortium
Published: December 2023

It is feasible, with present-day or soon-to-be available technology, to build a 20-tonne space elevator climber with room for 10 tonnes of payload. The type of payload will require modifications to the climber design and affect the stresses in the climber and in the space elevator tether. An iterative, finite element analysis was undertaken to study these stresses and to provide a first conceptual design of a payload support structure. The example of liquid oxygen transport to orbit was chosen. Unexpected stresses due to off-center payloads, uneven compressive forces due to overhung payload mass and unequal tensions in the tether were uncovered and solutions for alleviating these stresses were incorporated into the final design. Though the design for the support of liquid oxygen tanks was specialized for that particular payload, a similar design could be used for more general cargo and might resemble that used for intermodal freight containers. Keywords: Space Elevator, Engineering, Design, Finite Element Analysis
Innovation and Research for Space Elevators
Authors:   International Space Elevator Consortium, Kapman John M
Published: December 2023

Progress continues on suitable materials for constructing the tether of a space elevator. Graphene super laminate is the most promising, and manufacturers are already producing significant quantities of graphene. Work is also continuing on a multi-stage space elevator, supported dynamically using magnetic levitation; the advantage is that it can be built with weaker materials, or even with materials that are already available today. The far end of a space elevator offers exciting opportunities to launch interplanetary spacecraft frequently with little or no fuel and with gentle rides at low cost. The node at geosynchronous altitude can accommodate unlimited mass and offers many commercial and scientific opportunities such as astronomy, communications and space-based solar power. Keywords: Little Fuel, Gentle Rides, Available Materials, Interplanetary
The Lunar Space Elevator: A Key Technology for Realising the Greater Earth Lunar Power Station (GEO-LPS)
Authors:   Astrostrom GmbH, Woods Arthur , Vogler Andreas , Collins Patrick
Published: December 2023

The Greater Earth Lunar Power Station (GE -LPS) is a multi-purpose concept that aims to solve several critical issues related to lunar development and terrestrial energy production. As the GE -LPS concept and its energy production functions may be scaled to any dimension, larger versions could be positioned in Earth orbit to provide clean solar energy for terrestrial purposes and thereby reduce the mass needed to be launched from Earth to build SPS units by 80% or more. The construction of the GE -LPS from mostly lunar materials requires the establishment of industrial-scale automated mining and manufacturing processes on the Moon. A key technology is a Lunar Space Elevator (LSE) deployed as a transportation system to move SPS components from an anchor point on the surface of the Moon to a docking and assembly station at Earth-Moon Lagrange point 1 (EM-L1). Significantly, a LSE could be built today with existing tether materials such as Dyneema or Zylon which are already commercially available. Additionally, lunar sourced basalt fibre may be sufficient for reinforcing and extending the LSE once it becomes operational. An Earth-pointing LSE could become a valuable cislunar infrastructure asset – “the Suez Canal of cislunar space” – linking the Earth and Moon economies. Note: The ‘O’ symbol is an ancient European symbol for planet Earth: it is used here to mean “Greater Earth”, a region defined by the Earth’s gravitational field, which includes the Moon. Keywords: Solar Power Satellite, Lunar ISRU, Lunar Space Elevator, Energy, Europe
Calculations of Particle Bombardment Due to Dust and Charged Particles in the ISM on the Project Starshot Gram-Scale Interstellar Probe
Authors:   Interstellar Research Centre, Stellar Engines Ltd, Long Kelvin
Published: December 2023

The Breakthrough Initiatives Project Starshot proposes to send a gram-scale laser driven spacecraft to the Alpha Centauri system in a 20 year mission travelling at v~0.2c. One of the challenges of this mission as the spacecraft moves through the interstellar medium is the presence of dust and gas (mostly hydrogen). The dust has a typical matter-density of 2.57 × 10-27 g/cm3 with typical particle mass being 3 × 10-13 g although some of the largest particles may be 5 × 10-9 g in mass. These dust particles will deposit ~1012-1016 MeV onto the spacecraft with an energy flux of order ~0.3 J/sm2. We consider the erosion of the spacecraft frontal area due to dust and also heating effects. We attempt to characterise the likely environment for the Starshot mission and estimate the particle bombardment shielding requirements in terms of mass and thickness of material. Current analysis estimates that the likely erosion rates are of order ~10-11-10-8 g/s and that the frontal area temperature for the models examined in this paper will be ~135.2 K depending on the ratio of frontal area to radiating area. For an assumed shielding material with atomic number range 3-13 (Lithium to Aluminium), and for spacecraft geometries with radii ~1 mm and cylindrical length ~5 mm, over a 21.5 year mission duration, this would suggest a shielding thickness of ~1.4-3 mm. This would also suggest a shielding mass in the range ~0.01-0.05 g; depending on the material choice, spacecraft size and chosen geometry. This would represent between ~1–5% of the total mass, assuming a spacecraft mass of 1g (driven by a ~102 GW laser power). We also examine the additional effects of charged particles and estimate the stopping power and penetration range for different materials. Finally, we briefly examine the potential to use the incoming energy flux as a power source for the transmission of an optical laser deep space communication system. The work presented highlights the close coupling in the Project Starshot spacecraft design between the vehicle geometry and the particle bombardment requirements.
Interstellar Diplomacy
Authors:   Zorro Productions, Gertz John
Published: December 2023

The Defense Department and NASA are investigating the possibility that aliens are currently surveilling Earth. This aligns with some search-for-extraterrestrial-intelligence (SETI) theorists who have concluded that ET’s best strategy for opening a channel of communication is to send artificially intelligent probes to our Solar System for that purpose. This is a golden age for traditional SETI, which is currently well funded, with most of the world’s radio telescopes now engaged in the hunt. One way or another, contact with aliens may be imminent. There has been no planning among nations for the aftermath of a first detection. This paper advocates for such planning and diplomacy.
Minimal Crew Size and Sensitive Reproductive Parameters on Multigenerational Interstellar Travel
Authors:   Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Satoshi Sano
Published: December 2023

Multigenerational interstellar travel to exoplanets, as well as manned missions to the Moon and Mars, has been investigated in the world. Defining the minimum crew size of interstellar ships is one of the most important research areas for interstellar travel, because designing multigenerational interstellar ships requires defining a critical crew size, which factors into many variables, including food production, air/water control, and propulsion. Anthropologists and astrophysicists have recently tackled with the minimum crew size of interstellar ships in the field of “Space anthropology”. Previously published computations in the field of space anthropology provided a critical crew number of 1,900- 2,000 (Sano, 2021) with constant reproductive parameters, but did not fluctuate reproductive parameters such as infertility, initial genetic diversity and number of children per woman. These parameters would fluctuate during the real multigenerational journey. Then, a more accurate estimate of the critical crew size would be obtained from the fluctuating parameters. This paper provides a critical crew size of 1,400-6,800 for interstellar travel using the fluctuating parameters, and clarifies which anthropological parameters are sensitive and how critical to be controlled aboard interstellar ships. It indicates that measuring infertility and controlling the number of children per woman for many generations onboard interstellar ships are essential to prevent extinction, and firstly quantifies the importance of high diversity of initial crew and procreation window for interstellar travel.
Using the Scorpion as an Interplanetary Transportation System
Authors:   Hempsell Astronautics Limited, Hempsell Mark
Published: December 2023

The Scorpion is a nuclear powered transportation system that can extend the human infrastructure beyond low Earth orbit. Past work has shown its capability in high Earth orbits out to the Hill sphere and Lunar surface operations. However, the Scorpion was also intended to conduct interplanetary missions. The functionality required for interplanetary missions is the same, the only major differences are the mission length and the mission velocities. This means the Scorpion will need to carry additional supplies and also requires a boost to leave low Earth orbit. The boost can be provided in one of three ways; using another Scorpion as a boost stage, using a specialist cargo derivative of the Scorpion (called Taurus) or departing from a Spaceport in the Lunar environment used to support the infrastructure on the Moon surface. It is shown the Scorpion can reach Venus, Mars and many asteroids, but has problems reaching the asteroid main belt and gas giants beyond.
EuroparlTV geht online
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Das Europäische Parlament hat sich eigene Online-Fernsehkanäle zugelegt.
Dänemark: Freispruch in Filesharing-Prozess
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Unwatched.org berichtete vor knapp zwei Wochen über den Ausgang eines Filesharing-Prozesses in Dänemark.
„Lobby-Bremsen der Informationsgesellschaft“
Authors: Spielkamp Matthias
Published: December 2023

Reto Hilty ist Direktor am Max-Planck-Institut für Geistiges Eigentum, Wettbewerbs- und Steuerrecht und meint, dass man zwischen den Rechten der Urheber und denen der Rechteverwerter unterscheiden muss. Er setzt sich für eine differenzierte Abwägung der Interessen der Urheber, Verwerter und der Allgemeinheit ein. Prof.
„Wir brauchen eine gesellschaftliche Debatte über geistiges Eigentum“
Authors: Djordjevic Valie
Published: December 2023

Es geht nicht nur um Gesetze, sagt Dieter Gorny, der Vorstandsvorsitzende des Bundesverbandes Musikindustrie, sondern um eine grundsätzliche Änderung der Einstellung gegenüber dem geistigen Eigentum anderer. Noch nie würde so viel Musik gehört wie heute, gleichzeitig wäre die Bereitschaft dafür zu bezahlen, noch nie so niedrig gewesen.
Kulturrat bekräftigt Forderung nach Schutzfristverlängerung
Authors: Kreutzer Till
Published: December 2023

Der Deutsche Kulturrat, der Spitzenverband der Bundeskulturverbände, hat sich erneut für eine Verlängerung der Schutzfristen für die Rechte der Interpreten und Musiker ausgesprochen. Er bekräftigt damit seine Haltung, die der Verband bereits durch eine Stellungnahme an das BMJ Ende September zum Ausdruck gebracht hat. … heißt es in der entsprechenden Pressemitteilung.
Neue Folge des Arbeit 2.0-Vodcasts online
Authors: Spielkamp Matthias
Published: December 2023

Ein weiteres Video aus der Reihe “Arbeit 2.0 — wie man mit seinen Ideen Geld verdienen kann” ist auf der Seite der Landeszentrale für politische Bildung Nordrhein-Westfalen online gegangen. Portraitiert wird der Musiker Jan Gleichmar a.k.a. Disrupt. Aus der Beschreibung der LZPB: “Jan Gleichmar verschenkt seine Musik im Netz, um damit Geld zu verdienen.
UK: Regierungsbericht zur Digital-Strategie vorgelegt
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Der britische Kommunikationsminister, Lord Stephen A. Carter, hat gestern seinen lang erwarteten Zwischenbericht zur Digital-Strategie der Regierung vorgelegt. Vorgesehen sind unter anderem der Ausbau der Breitbandnetze, die Digitalisierung des Rundfunks und ein Ausbau von Maßnahmen zur Durchsetzung von Urheberrechten.
2. Auflage des iRights-Buches “Urheberrecht im Alltag” ist fertig!
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Länger als vermutet hat es gedauert, bis die 2. Auflage des iRights-Buches “Urheberrecht im Alltag” fertig gedruckt wurde. Nun ist es aber soweit – gerade noch rechtzeitig vor Weihnachten…. Die Erstauflage war im Frühjahr binnen weniger Wochen vergriffen, so hoch war die Nachfrage nach sachlichen und praktischen Informationen zum Urheberrecht.
GRUR Int berichtet über ACTA
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Dem Informationsdienst TRANSPATENT zufolge ist in Ausgabe 8-9/2008 der Zeitschrift Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht Internationaler Teil (GRUR Int) ein Aufsatz über die ACTA-Verhandlungen erschienen (S. 782). Leider ist der Beitrag nicht online verfügbar. The post GRUR Int berichtet über ACTA appeared first on iRights.info.
Rechte oder Restriktionen?
Authors: Spielkamp Matthias
Published: December 2023

Microsoft nutzt es, Apple und Sony auch. Genauso Nokia und Philips und wer einem sonst noch einfällt, wenn es um digitale Daten aller Art geht. Es steckt im PC und im iPod, im Handy und im PDA und demnächst auch im Fernsehgerät. Gemeint ist DRM: Digitales Rechtekontroll-Management. Die Rechteinhaber setzen große Hoffnungen darauf, Verbraucherschützer sehen viele Gefahren. Aber was ist das eigentlich?
OLG Köln: Keine Bagatellgrenze bei Tauschbörsennutzung
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Das Oberlandesgericht Köln hat die Entscheidung des Kölner Landgerichts bestätigt, dass es eine Urheberrechtsverletzung in gewerblichem Ausmaß sein kann, wenn jemand ein einzelnes urheberrechtlich geschütztes Werk in einer Tauschbörse veröffentlicht.
Kann man immaterielle Güter stehlen?
Authors: Spielkamp Matthias
Published: December 2023

Mit einem interessanten Fall muss sich nun die Bochumer Polizei herumschlagen, wie Spiegel Online berichtet. The post Kann man immaterielle Güter stehlen? appeared first on iRights.info.
Die Musikwirtschaft im 21. Jahrhundert
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Musikwirtschaft ist mehr als der Verkauf von Tonträgern.
Buchreport: “Verlage müssen die Gestaltungsposition behalten”
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Wer wissen will, was deutsche Verleger zu der Einigung zwischen Google und den Buchverlagen in den USA sagen, möge den Blick auf die Website des Buchreports lenken. Dort kommen diverse Verleger zu Wort (2.11.). The post Buchreport: “Verlage müssen die Gestaltungsposition behalten” appeared first on iRights.info.
ACTA: Haftstrafen für Filesharer geplant?
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Wer im Kino Videoaufnahmen macht, mit der Absicht, den Film zu verbreiten, könnte in Zukunft ebenso strafrechtlich verfolgt werden wie jemand, der eine Tauschbörse nutzt. Das sieht das Anti-Piraterie-Abkommen ACTA vor, das im März in Marokko weiter verhandelt werden soll – unter Ausschluss der Öffentlichkeit. Hollywoods Lobbyisten können offenbar einen wichtigen Erfolg für sich verbuchen.
Internet-Radio: Freier Funk im Internet?
Authors: Spielkamp Matthias
Published: December 2023

Nicht nur Radio hören, sondern auch selber machen – ein Traum vieler Radiofans. Dafür, dass es kein Traum bleibt, sorgt das sogenannte Webcasting. Mit dieser Technik kann fast jeder sein eigenes Radioprogramm ausstrahlen. Damit es aber nicht nur technisch funktioniert, sondern man auch rechtlich auf der sicheren Seite ist, hier einige wichtige Informationen.
P2P-Optimierung, ein Leitfaden zum Urheberrecht, das schon wieder schon wieder reformiert werden soll usw. – Web-Lese
Authors: Spielkamp Matthias
Published: December 2023

Vom Turbo fürs Filesharing berichtet Kurt Kleiner in der deutschen Ausgabe des Technology Review: Der Bundesverband mit dem schwierigen Namen (für “Informationswirtschaft, Telekommunikation und neue Medien e.V.”, kurz BITKOM) hat einen Leitfaden mit einem ebenso schwierigen Namen veröffentlicht: Der richtige Umgang mit dem Urheberrecht – Leitfaden zum legalen Kopieren nach §§ 53 ff. UrhG (PDF, 376 kb). Sehr sexy.
Neues Recht für neue Zeiten
Authors: Kreutzer Till
Published: December 2023

Eigentlich heißt der Zweite Korb „Zweites Gesetz zur Regelung des Urheberrechts in der Informations- gesellschaft“. Der sperrige Titel verheißt, dass das bestehende Urheberrecht optimiert und an die Bedürfnisse der Gegenwart und Zukunft angepasst werden soll. Seit dem 1. Januar 2008 ist der „Zweite Korb“ geltendes Gesetz. Was hat sich geändert, was muss man beachten?
Kadaverkunst versus Geniekult oder: Kreidler versus GEMA, zweiter Akt | nmz – neue musikzeitung
Authors: Spielkamp Matthias
Published: December 2023

Ein sehr treffender Text zur Diskussion zwischen Frank Dostal und Johannes Kreidler bei der Arbeit2.0-Tagung ist in der Neuen Musikzeitung erschienen: Kadaverkunst versus Geniekult oder: Kreidler versus GEMA, zweiter Akt The post Kadaverkunst versus Geniekult oder: Kreidler versus GEMA, zweiter Akt | nmz – neue musikzeitung appeared first on iRights.info.
Französischer Senat segnet Gesetz über Internetsperre ab
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Am vergangenen Freitag hat der französische Senat mit überwältigender Mehrheit dem Gesetz für eine „abgestufte Antwort“ auf Urheberrechtsverletzungen im Internet zugestimmt, berichtet der EUobserver. Lediglich 15 Abgeordnete stimmten gegen den Entwurf.
EU will ACTA-Ängste beschwichtigen
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Die EU-Kommission ist weiterhin darum bemüht, Befürchtungen über das geheim verhandelte Anti-Piraterie-Abkommen (ACTA) zu zerstreuen. Auf keinen Fall sei geplant, “iPods an der Grenze nach ein paar illegal kopierten Musikstücken zu durchsuchen”. Seit über einem Jahr wird auf internationaler Ebene still und heimlich über ein so genanntes Anti-Piraterie-Abkommen (Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement, ACTA) verhandelt.
Die windigen Zahlen der Urheberrechtsextremisten
Authors: Spielkamp Matthias
Published: December 2023

Ars Technica hat einen tollen Artikel veröffentlicht, in dem Behauptung auf den Prüfstand gestellt wird, durch Urheberrechtsverletzungen (a.k.a. “Piraterie”) gehen 750.000 US-Arbeitsplätze und 250 Milliarden US-Dollar Umsatz verloren: 750,000 lost jobs? The dodgy digits behind the war on piracy The post Die windigen Zahlen der Urheberrechtsextremisten appeared first on iRights.info.
Telepolis: “Das Plagiat, als eine schöne Kunst betrachtet”
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Bei Telepolis gibt es einen sehr schönen Artikel über Edgar Allen Poe als Plagiator, inklusive vieler zeitgeschichtlicher Details. Und wie der Autor, Hans Schmid, recht überzeugend darlegt, kann der freizügige Umgang mit Textbausteinen anderer Autoren durchaus zu neuen, kreativen Ergebnissen führen. The post Telepolis: “Das Plagiat, als eine schöne Kunst betrachtet” appeared first on iRights.info.
Videohoster Veoh siegt vor Gericht gegen Universal Music
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Online-Videohoster verstoßen nicht gegen den Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), wenn sie die Videos ihrer Nutzer in andere Formate konvertieren. Das hat ein US-Gericht festgestellt und eine Klage von Universal gegen Veoh abgewiesen. Die Universal Music Group verliert in den USA erneut vor Gericht.
James Boyle: The Public Domain — Buch als PDF
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Wer sich für das Buch “The Public Domain. Enclosing The Commons Of The Mind” interessiert, der findet hier das PDF. Und bei Intellectual Property Watch gibt es ein Interview mit James Boyle zu seinem Buch. The post James Boyle: The Public Domain — Buch als PDF appeared first on iRights.info.
Golem.de: “Kopierabgabe: Drucker und Multifunktionsgeräte werden teurer”
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Wie kaum anders zu erwarten, haben sich die beiden Verwertungsgesellschaften Wort und Bild-Kunst mit dem IT-Branchenverband Bitkom über die Höhe der so genannten Geräteabgaben geeinigt. Die Folge: In einigen Geräteklassen wird es Preissenkungen geben, in anderen Preissteigerungen. Mehr Details gibt es bei Golem.de. The post Golem.de: “Kopierabgabe: Drucker und Multifunktionsgeräte werden teurer” appeared first on iRights.info.
Schutzfristverlängerung: „Die Lobbydynamik ist klar”
Authors: Gehring Robert A.
Published: December 2023

Martin Kretschmer ist Professor für Informationsrecht an der Universität Bournemouth in England und Experte für Fragen der Urheberrechtsökonomie. iRights.info sprach mit Kretschmer über die Verlängerung der Schutzfrist für Musikaufnahmen, die gerade vom Rechtsausschuss des EU-Parlaments befürwortet wurde.
Antimicrobial IV to PO switch practices at 9 institutions in Kentucky with Established Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs
Authors: Swingler Elena A. , Johnson Wes M. , Moore Sarah E. , Song Matthew , Montes de Oca Jamison , Truong Clover N. , Wilde Ashley M. , Ramirez Julio A.
Published: December 2023

Context

Intravenous (IV) to oral (PO) transition of antimicrobial therapy is a common antimicrobial stewardship activity. Inpatient institutions seeking to create new IV to PO switch services or enhance existing services may benefit from a review of practices utilized at other institutions.

Objective

The objective of this review is to summarize IV to PO switch practices utilized by healthcare institutions with established antimicrobial stewardship programs across Kentucky.

Methods

The Kentucky Antimicrobial Stewardship Innovation Consortium (KASIC) invited pharmacists on the Advisory Board to share current IV to PO switch practices utilized at their institutions. The submitted documents were evaluated in a systematic approach and summarized.

Results

Nine of ten institutions represented by the Advisory Board submitted an IV to PO switch practice document for analysis. All institutions utilized pharmacist-driven protocols to allow automatic conversion from IV to PO for select antimicrobials based on specific patient criteria. All protocols included the following antimicrobials eligible for conversion: azithromycin, doxycycline, fluconazole, levofloxacin, linezolid, and metronidazole. Majority of protocols also had inclusion and exclusion criteria based on patient specific factors such as ability to use the enteral route, clinical stability, and infection type. There was variation in the level of restriction placed on conversion eligibility criteria among protocols.

Conclusion

IV to PO switch practices for antimicrobials vary across the state of Kentucky. Institutions should tailor protocols based on specific needs, clinical leadership support, and feasibility of implementation.
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH HIFZHIL QUR’AN MEDAN
Authors: Khairani Beby , Andini Harahap Dita , Aswani Rahma
Published: December 2023

Strategies and methods in learning Arabic are carried out so that students can learn and receive the material more effectively and efficiently. Teaching and learning strategies need to be designed and implemented when carrying out learning. Using good and appropriate learning strategies will produce maximum learning so that it can improve the quality of Arabic language learning. This research was conducted to look at the Arabic language learning strategies used at MTS Hifzhil Quran Medan. The research method used is a qualitative method, this method provides a focus point on the problem which is carried out by observation, interviews and other sample evidence. The results of the research show that the strategies used by teachers in learning Arabic at MTS Hifzhil Qur'an Medan are in learning Arabic vocabulary the teacher uses the strategy of playing games, in the Istima' Arabic learning strategy the teacher applies the strategy of listening to Arabic audio visuals, and in learning muhadastah Arabic teachers apply strategies for teaching the correct pronunciation of mukharijal letters.
Risk Assessment Based on KDE of Ship Collision Candidates for Ship Routing Waterway
Authors: Xue Han , Chai Tian
Published: December 2023

To study the geographical distribution characteristics of maritime traffic risks, statistical representations of potential accident scenarios and macro collision risk models were established, and the waters with higher maritime traffic risks were generated. To better evaluate the risk of ship collision candidates during routing waterways, an improved adaptive bandwidth kernel density estimation (KDE) is proposed. This proposed algorithm is used for evaluating risk reduction of the ship routing system, which schedules and adjusts maritime traffic in congested harbor waterways. Larger bandwidth can make the hot spot region more obvious on a global scale. Moreover, the bandwidth is positively correlated with the dispersion of points. Concerning the data with sparse point distribution, a larger bandwidth should be used whereas, for data with dense points of interest, a smaller bandwidth should be considered. The results show that the KDE, with optimized bandwidth, can fit the ship encountering distribution and obtain the frequent spots for ship encountering. The comparison between KDE results before and after the ship routing system shows that the hot spots of ship collision candidates are reduced after the ship routing waterway is established.
Boundary Element Method Analysis of 3D Effects and Free-Surface Proximity on Hydrofoil Lift and Drag Coefficients in Varied Operating Conditions
Authors: Nicolas Hugo , Perali Paolo , Sacher Matthieu , Bot Patrick
Published: December 2023

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The use of hydrofoils to enhance ship performance raises the scientific issue of free-surface proximity, which is important to consider during the design stage, to feed velocity prediction programs, for instance. Typically, the flow over a shallowly submerged hydrofoil is characterized by the Froude number, the submergence depth-to-chord ratio, the angle of attack, and geometric parameters of the lifting surface. Among these parameters, the present paper investigates the influence of the wing aspect ratio on the lift and drag coefficients of hydrofoils operating near a free surface. For this purpose, rectangular wings with an H105 profile at 2° angle of attack and aspect ratios ranging from 4 to 20 are systematically analyzed using a 3D boundary element method. The free surface is modeled using a linearized Neumann-Kelvin boundary condition. Chord-based Froude numbers of 0.5, 1.1, and 6.3 are studied. The submersion depth is swept between 0.1 and 30 times the foil chord length. The evolution of the normalized lift and drag coefficients with respect to the foil submersion and the aspect ratio is discussed in detail. Flow velocity is shown to play a significant role in the evolution of the lift and drag coefficients with submersion depth, close to the free surface, for all the aspect ratios. Its influence gets reduced by moving away from the free surface. The critical submersion depth, where the free-surface effects cease, is found to increase with higher flow velocity and aspect ratio. Furthermore, both positive and negative correlations between the force coefficients and the aspect ratio are identified, depending on the operating conditions. It is found that when the proximity to the free surface either enhances or impairs a force coefficient relative to its value in unbounded flow, increasing the aspect ratio amplifies this effect. Overall, this study confirms the effectiveness of steady boundary element methods for simulating the flow around hydrofoil wings in the vicinity of a free surface and contributes to further understanding the influence of geometric parameters on hydrofoil performance.

Keywords

hydrofoil; free surface; aspect ratio; potential flow; boundary element method (BEM)
FREUD PARA HISTORIADORES: UMA ANÁLISE DA OBRA DE PETER GAY (1989) E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES NA COMPREENSÃO PSICANALÍTICA DA HISTÓRIA
Authors: Braga de Araujo Bernardi Ester , Vicentim Ana Paula
Published: December 2023

Este artigo reflete sobre as possibilidades de diálogo entre psicanálise e história a partir dos estudos de Peter Gay em Freud para historiadores (1989). O trabalho visa construir um breve estudo por meio da metodologia de pesquisa histórica e bibliográfica, para destacar a relevância da psicanálise como método de investigação social proposto por Freud nos estudos históricos. O texto enfatiza a validade da psicanálise como um estilo de pesquisa sensível e informado, que pode possibilitar respostas a questões antes indisponíveis e sugerir novas linhas de investigação, apesar de não ser um remédio milagroso ou senha mágica. Em última análise, o artigo cogita responder à questão: É possível o diálogo entre psicanálise e história?
O USO DAS TDIC EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA EM BREVES NO MARAJÓ: REFLEXÕES SOBRE PRÁTICA DOCENTE E FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA EM DUAS ESCOLAS DE ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Viana Jéssica Maciel , Costa Eliane Miranda
Published: December 2023

O texto aborda a prática docente e a formação continuada na relação com as Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação (TDIC), em tempos de Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE), considerando a realidade de duas escolas públicas no município de Breves, arquipélago de Marajó. Para tanto, questiona-se: Quais desafios os/as docentes de duas escolas de ensino médio em Breves, no Marajó, enfrentaram para lidar com as TDIC como ferramenta de ensino durante o ERE? Que estratégias esses/as docentes adotaram para manejar o ambiente virtual e promover o ensino? Os/as docentes participaram de formação continuada para o trabalho com o ERE? Quais as implicações dessa formação para uma prática com viés tecnológico? É um estudo qualitativo que no campo teórico conta com a contribuição de Lopes e Guedes (2021); Farias e Batista Neto (2022), e outros; e, no campo metodológico recorreu à aplicação de questionários semiestruturados. Entre os resultados verifica-se que: para operar com as TDIC como ferramenta de ensino os/as docentes precisaram lidar com a sobrecarga de trabalho, a infraestrutura precária e o pouco conhecimento sobre os recursos tecnológicos. Esses profissionais tiveram uma formação continuada, reduzida a uma oficina de quatro horas, entendida como incipiente, porém necessária para subsidiar a prática docente na relação com as TDIC no ERE.
RESPONSABILIDADES COLETIVAS E PERSPECTIVAS SUSTENTÁVEIS NO BRASIL
Authors: Correia Giovana Paula Oliveira , Silva Magno Luiz Medeiros da
Published: December 2023

A cidadania e a sustentabilidade precisam caminhar juntas para atingir o desenvolvimento sustentável, pois é necessário que existam ações de responsabilidade coletiva entre as partes envolvidas para que a sociedade possa crescer objetivando um bem comum e tenha condições para tal, movimento observado nas mídias sociais digitais. Este artigo visa levantar um recorte das atuais perspectivas dos temas de cidadania e sustentabilidade, por meio da metodologia qualitativa, nas esferas sociais, empresariais e governamentais da sociedade brasileira e um parecer sobre seu desenvolvimento sustentável. O que conferiu a existência de grandes ações nos âmbitos analisados, mas que ainda é necessário um forte engajamento e cumprimento de alternativas para maior garantia de um futuro sustentável no país.
SECOND LIFE E METAVERSO: SEMELHANÇAS, DIFERENÇAS, OPORTUNIDADES E DESAFIOS
Authors: Rossetti Rafael Diogo , Gatti Daniel Couto
Published: December 2023

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar as influências significativas do Second Life na construção e desenvolvimento dos cyberespaços, conhecidos hoje como metaversos, além de investigar as características distintivas e as tecnologias subjacentes dos seus principais sucessores: Decentraland, The Sandbox e Upland, ambientes virtuais interativos que estão ganhando cada vez mais destaque na sociedade contemporânea como novas formas de meio de comunicação, bem como, compreender essas influências e analisar as diferenças e semelhanças entre essas plataformas é fundamental para obter uma visão prospectiva sobre o futuro e compreender suas implicações na aceleração e no fluxo social, fatores que têm contribuído para a emergência de uma sociedade cansada, com indivíduos simultaneamente esgotados e altamente eficientes e produtivos.
Perils and Pitfalls of Israel´s New ´War on Terror´
Authors: Oeter Stafan
Published: December 2023

Over the last weeks, we were forced to realize that the way our – i.e. German – public opinion (and politicians) react to the ruthless assault of Hamas on 7 October differs markedly from the intuitions of the broad public in the Islamic world (and large parts of the ´Global South´ in general). Whereas our media (and speeches of politicians) are full of references to Israel´s right to self-defence, the sentiments voiced on the streets in the Middle East (and publicly stated by politicians such as Turkish President Erdogan) go in the opposite direction, stress the legitimate cause of the Palestinians and term the Hamas as a movement of national liberation. Clearly there is a legitimate cause in the fight of Palestinians against endless occupation. But do ends really justify means, at all price, as the praise for Hamas seems to suggest? A closer look to the normative underpinnings of current international law confirms the intuition that this is more than doubtful, as a thorough analysis of the (intensely debated) provisions on the status of movements of national liberation in IHL tells us.
A Borderline Case
Authors: Pohjankoski Pekka
Published: December 2023

On 28 November 2023, Finland decided to close all its land border crossing stations to Russia due to the latter's apparent instrumentalization of migrants. That a foreign power, which conducts war elsewhere in Europe, directly engages in unfriendly acts against the EU’s (as well as NATO’s) eastern flank highlights the issues of national security involved. The situation is part of a broader European dilemma but presents certain idiosyncracies. How is an EU Member State such as Finland, respectful of the rule of law, to respond to such unfriendly acts which intrumentalize the vulnerable position of asylum seekers whose rights must, in principle, be observed at all times? This brief post addresses some of the legal issues involved in the currently unfolding situation.
Hard carbon as anode material for metal-ion batteries
Authors: Abramova E. N. , Bobyleva Z. V. , Drozhzhin O. A. , Abakumov A. M. , Antipov E. V.
Published: December 2023

The development of large-scale energy storage systems based on the mature technology of lithium-ion batteries is hampered by the high cost of lithium. Therefore, analogous technologies based on other alkali metals (sodium and potassium) are being developed. Among various types of negative electrode (anode) materials for such batteries, carbon materials are most promising; in particular, hard carbon is of most interest. The present review addresses the current state of research on the structure, composition and properties of this type of material and gives analysis of methods of its preparation and investigation. Description of the microstructure of hard carbon is a highly ambiguous and challenging problem; therefore, the review pays special attention to various microstructural models. In addition, the methods of synthesis are systematized and the results of studies of the physicochemical properties of hard carbon are analyzed. The correlations between the preparation method, characteristics and electrochemical properties in metal-ion batteries are identified. A large array of results of electrochemical studies is considered, the views on the mechanisms of electrochemical interactions of Na+ and K+ cations with hard carbon are systematized, and the currently existing contradictions in various models of the interaction mechanisms are shown.
 Bibliography — 247 references.
Szorzás, osztás, forráslehívás – A konvergencia elvének érvényesülése Magyarországon II. : Az operatív programok forrásallokációja
Authors: Berkes Judit
Published: December 2023

Az elmúlt évtizedekben az Európai Unió kohéziós politikája jelentős átalakuláson ment keresztül; a területi tervezés és fejlesztés ciklusonként változik, ezzel próbál igazodni a globális gazdaság és politika által generált kihívásokhoz. Magyarországon a 2007 és 2013 közötti programozási ciklus területi kereteit a régiók adták, és ez a tanulmány azt hivatott bemutatni, hogy a területi forrásallokáció Magyarországon mennyire tudta követni az Európai Uniós alapelveket, milyen összhangot tudott teremteni a „szükséges” és az „elégséges” pénzügyi forrás az egyes régiók között.