bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan, Harga, dan Fasilitas terhadap Kepuasan Penumpang pada PT. ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero) Cabang Kupang
Authors: Poma Sarlianus
Published: May 2024

East Nusa Tenggara is one of the provinces in Indonesia which is known as an archipelagic province. As an archipelagic province, PT. ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero) Kupang Branch is considered an important service to be able to connect one area with another area. Service quality, price, and facilities are important factors related to passenger satisfaction. Passenger satisfaction in using sea transportation services is of course determined by several factors taken by researcher in this research, namely service quality, price, and facilities offered by PT. ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero) Kupang Branch. The research aims to determine the influence of service quality, price, and facilities on passenger satisfaction, both simultaneously and partially. The research population is PT service users ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero) Kupang Branch with a total of 55 respondents. Purposive sampling was chosen by the researcher as the sampling technique. Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out to analyze the data with the help of SPSS 25.0 for Windows. The results show that service quality, price, and facilities simultaneously affect passenger satisfaction, service quality partially has no effect on passenger satisfaction, price partially has no effect on passenger satisfaction and facilities partially influence passenger satisfaction.
Strategi Peningkatan Kinerja melalui Adopsi Media Sosial pada UMKM Makanan Ringan
Authors: Elvina Elvina , Wardhana Ali
Published: May 2024

Banyaknya produsen makanan ringan membuat UMKM makanan ringan membutuhkan strategi untuk dapat bertahan ditengah persaingan. Menggunakan media sosial sebagai alat pemasaran menjadi salah satu alternatif strategi yang marak dikalukan para pemasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor teknologi, faktor organisasi dan faktor lingkungan terhadap adopsi media sosial bagi UMKM makanan ringan, serta mengetahui pengaruh adopsi media sosial itu sendiri bagi kinerja UMKM makanan ringan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif dan mengumpulkan 166 responden. Data diolah dengan menggunakan aplikasi SmartPLS 3.2.9. Dari hasil pengolahan data, diperoleh hasil bahwa faktor teknologi, faktor organisasi dan faktor lingkungan memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap adopsi media sosial. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukan bahwa adopsi media sosial memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja UMKM.
Seasonal Inventory Decisions (Single-Period Inventory Models)
Authors: Sudirga Rudy Santosa
Published: May 2024

One of the dilemmas facing many retailers is how to handle seasonal goods, such as sarung dress or batik dress, biscuits and syrups during Idul Fitri celebration. Often they cannot be sold at full markup next year because of changes in styles, and expiry dates for foods and beverages. Furthermore, the lead time can be longer than the selling season, allowing no second chance to rush through another order to cover unexpectedly high demand. At the end of the period the product has either sold out or there is a surplus of unsold items to sell for a salvage value. The single-period inventory models are used in situations involving seasonal or perishable items that cannot be carried in inventory and sold in future periods.
This type of situation is often called the newsboy problem. If the newspaper seller does not buy enough newspapers to resell on the street corner, sales opportunities are lost. If the seller buys too many newspapers, the overage cannot be sold because nobody wants yesterday’s newspaper.
At this opportunity, we will use the single-period inventory models decisions to create an optimal order quantity decision with the highest expected payoff. We will be able to use this decision process for all such items over many selling seasons to maximize profits.
However, it is not a foolproof, and it can result in an occasional bad outcome. It will depend on the situation, if the probability of demand follows the demand probability planning, then you will be able to get the best decision to prepare and execute an order.
Kata kunci:
Seasonal Inventory, Single-Period Inventory Models, Probability of Demand.
DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN PERUBAHAN LOT DAN FRAKSI HARGA SAHAM TERHADAP VOLUME PERDAGANGAN DAN KAPITALISASI PASAR
Authors: Destianti Dela Deva , Marisa Oktafalia
Published: May 2024

This research was conducted to determine the impact of stock trading unit (lot size) and a fraction of the stock price policy to the trading volume and market capitalization of the companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange year period 2013-2014. Sample selection methods using purposive sampling and proportionate stratified random sampling. These results indicate that there was no significant difference in trading volume and market capitalization before and after the policy change of trading unit (lot size) and a fraction of the stock price
Key word :
Lot size, Fraction, Market capitalization and Paired sample T-Test
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Komitmen Organisasi dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Prestasi Kerja melalui Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada PT. KSK Insurance Indonesia
Authors: Pardede Ratlan
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the influenceof leadership, organizational commitment, working environment towardemployeeperformance through working satisfaction as intervening variable. This research was conducted at PT KSK Insurance Indonesia by using total sample of 180 employees. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by AMOS program version 22 used to test the hypothesis. The study concludes : (1)leadership has positive effect but not significant on working satisfaction, (2)commitment has positive and significant effect on working satisfaction, (3)working environment has positive and significant effect on working satisfaction, (4)leadership has positive effect but not significant on employee performance, (5)commitment has positive and significant effect on employeeperformance, (6)working environment has positive and significant effect on workingperformance, (7)working satisfaction has positive and significant effecton employeeperformance;
Key Words: Leadership, organizational commitment, working environment, working satisfaction and employee performance.
What are employers expecting from instructional design and learning technology professionals across sectors?
Authors: Weber Nicole L. , McCarthy Corine , Campbell Katie , Bauer Hannah
Published: May 2024

As new technologies and learning practices emerge, the way instructional design and learning technology (IDLT) professionals conduct their work evolves. With this constant evolution comes a change in employer expectations of IDLT professionals. This convergent mixed methods study analyzed 130 IDLT-related position descriptions and interviewed 12 IDLT leaders from the K12, nonprofit, higher education, and corporate sectors to identify current expectations related to degree qualifications, knowledge, skills, and abilities expected from IDLT professionals. Results included a preference for a master’s degree-level qualification, at times due to bureaucracy, and an interest in the combination of academic preparation with instructional design experience. Additionally, employers shared that they were interested in an advanced understanding and adaptable application of IDLT theories, models, and frameworks, as well as a need for non-specific IDLT skills (e.g., communication and collaboration) and familiarity with IDLT-related technologies (e.g., learning management system and course authoring software). These results provide valuable insight for those looking to join IDLT field, current IDLT professionals interested in upskilling, and educational programs preparing future IDLT professionals for the workforce.
A visual social semiotic investigation into the popularity of Ronaldo and Messi’s chess photo on Instagram: Implications for new media and audience engagement
Authors: Simsek Eylem , Bozdag Ayse Asli
Published: May 2024

This qualitative study adopts a visual social semiotic approach to examine the multifaceted engagement incited by Annie Leibovitz’s photograph portraying Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi in a contemplative game of chess, ensconced amidst an array of Louis Vuitton merchandise. Through semiotics, mise en scène, and sociolinguistics, we unravel the photograph’s layered significances, employing studium and punctum to dissect viewer engagement. Cognitive linguistics reveals the interplay of myths, metaphors, and metonymy, crafting a narrative that intertwines football, chess, and luxury into potent cultural symbols. The mise en scène theory illuminates the nuanced balance between authenticity and artifice, while sociolinguistic insights bridge visual and linguistic communications for a diverse audience. The photograph, as a convergence of composition, culture, and technology, exemplifies how visual narratives blend these elements to forge connections and evoke responses. This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of digital visual storytelling’s power in shaping cultural dialogues and perceptions, showcasing the role of iconic imagery in the tapestry of social media discourse.
Exploring the use and impact of online digital resources in a mathematics module
Authors: Morari Violeta , Palmer Catherine , Carroll Clodagh , Manning Declan , O’Rourke Shane
Published: May 2024

This study examines the relationship between student engagement with digital resources and final module grade in a particular mathematics module delivered online in an Irish technological university. Measures of student engagement with the module are defined and calculated using data from virtual learning environment. These measures are analyzed to provide a description of students’ online study habits. We make an initial distinction between resources provided by the lecturer that are lecture-based or exam-focused. We further categorize student engagement with these resources as active or passive and consider these measures of student engagement in an online context. With these categories and measures in mind, we then examine the correlation between student engagement and final module grade using a multivariable linear regression model.
The Management of Amniotic Fluid Embolism from the ICU Perspective
Authors: Jia Mingwang , Yang Jialin , Luo Biying , Lai Yihuan , Yang Ying , Wang Yichun
Published: May 2024

Objective: This review provides a comprehensive intensive care unit (ICU) perspective on amniotic fluid embolism (AFE), encompassing its epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Mechanism: AFE is an abrupt and perilous condition. The enhancement of diagnostic criteria, starting from the understanding of pathologic physiology, can facilitate the development of more specialized disease management approaches and targeted interventions. Findings in Brief: Significant research advancements have improved the timeliness and accuracy of clinical diagnosis and treatment for AFE, leading to the development of several effective rescue procedures. Progress is expected to be made in various aspects including a comprehensive exploration of pathophysiological mechanisms, identification and utilization of biomarkers, innovation in treatment methods, enhancement of personnel training and collaboration within treatment teams, as well as the application of big data technology. Conclusions: The recent research has greatly contributed to substantial progress in the clinical diagnosis and treatment for AFE. However, further research holds potential to provide even greater benefits for patients.
Designing a Multiepitope Vaccine against the Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria Listeria monocytogenes Using Subtractive Immunoinformatics Approaches
Authors: Aziz Tariq , Naveed Muhammad , Shabbir Muhammad Aqib , Jabeen Khizra , Khan Ayaz Ali , Hasnain Ammarah , Yang Zhennai , Zinedine Abdellah , Rocha João Miguel , Albekairi Thamer H
Published: May 2024

Background: Listeria monocytogenes, a Gram-positive bacterium, is a prominent foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis and poses substantial health hazards worldwide. The continuing risk of listeriosis outbreaks underlies the importance of designing an effective prevention strategy and developing a robust immune response by reverse vaccinology approaches. This study aimed to provide a critical approach for developing a potent multiepitope vaccine against this foodborne disease. Methods: A chimeric peptide construct containing 5 B-cell epitopes, 16 major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I) epitopes, and 18 MHC-II epitopes were used to create a subunit vaccination against L. monocytogenes. The vaccine safety was evaluated by several online methods, and molecular docking was performed using ClusPro to determine the binding affinity. Immune simulation was performed using the C-ImmSimm server to demonstrate the immune response. Results: The results validated the antigenicity, non-allergenicity, and nontoxicity of the chimeric peptide construct, confirming its suitability as a subunit vaccine. Molecular docking showed a good score of 1276.5 and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the construct’s efficacy, demonstrating its promise as a good candidate for listeriosis prophylaxis. The population coverage was as high as 91.04% with a good immune response, indicating good antigen presentation with dendritic cells and production of memory cells. Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the potential of the designed chimeric peptide construct as an effective subunit vaccine against Listeria, paving the way for future advances in preventive methods and vaccine design.
Enoxaparin Effect on Interleukin-10 Levels in Iraqi Patients with COVID-19: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Al-Hashimi Nawal Haider , Al-Hindawi Mohammed S. , Mohsen Ali M. , Al-Gebori Abdulnasser M.
Published: May 2024

Background: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), an infectious disease resulting from a virus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2), was discovered in China in 2019 and causes several mild to moderate respiratory conditions. This study aimed to reveal the changes in serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) and other parameters in Iraqi COVID-19 patients compared with healthy controls by studying the effects of enoxaparin and evaluating the potential of IL-10 as a disease activity marker. Methods: This was a case–control study that included 180 samples: 90 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from November 2022 to 20 April 2023 (40 patients had never used enoxaparin, whereas 50 patients had taken enoxaparin) and 90 healthy, age- and sex-matched control. There were 44 female patients and 46 male patients. The mean age of the patients and controls was 53.8 years vs. 50.8 years, respectively. The sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to measure IL-10 levels, while other parameters were assessed using the colorimetric method. Results: The results of the study indicated highly significant changes between the patients and healthy controls in IL-10, D-dimer, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, as well as liver and renal functions. These findings elucidated a significant change between enoxaparin patients and non-enoxaparin patients in IL-10, D-dimer, and CRP levels. However, the liver and renal functions were not significantly altered. The Spearman’s rank correlation test investigated the relationship between serum IL-10 and CRP. Conclusions: The results displayed a strong positive relationship between IL-10 and CRP. There were no significant differences between the other analyzed parameters; consequently, the patients had higher concentrations of IL-10, D-dimer, and some other parameters than the healthy controls. Additionally, IL-10 may be used as a marker of disease activity. Enoxaparin will likely help control IL-10 and D-dimer concentrations in patients since IL-10 levels decreased in patients treated with enoxaparin.
Photobiomodulation Therapy: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Alzheimer's Disease Made Possible by the Evidence of a Brain–Gut Interconnection
Authors: Blivet Guillaume , Roman François J. , Lelouvier Benjamin , Ribière Céline , Touchon Jacques
Published: May 2024

The evidence of brain–gut interconnections in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) opens novel avenues for the treatment of a pathology for which no definitive treatment exists. Gut microbiota and bacterial translocation may produce peripheral inflammation and immune modulation, contributing to brain amyloidosis, neurodegeneration, and cognitive deficits in AD. The gut microbiota can be used as a potential therapeutic target in AD. In particular, photobiomodulation (PBM) can affect the interaction between the microbiota and the immune system, providing a potential explanation for its restorative properties in AD-associated dysbiosis. PBM is a safe, non-invasive, non-ionizing, and non-thermal therapy that uses red or near-infrared light to stimulate the cytochrome c oxidase (CCO, complex IV), the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, resulting in adenosine triphosphate synthesis. The association of the direct application of PBM to the head with an abscopal and a systemic treatment through simultaneous application to the abdomen provides an innovative therapeutic approach to AD by targeting various components of this highly complex pathology. As a hypothesis, PBM might have a significant role in the therapeutic options available for the treatment of AD.
Coupling Relationships between the Brain and the Central Pattern Generator Based on a Fractional-Order Extended Hindmarsh-Rose Model
Authors: Lu Qiang , Wang Haomiao , Lu Wenxuan , Ji Xucai
Published: May 2024

Background: The states of the central nervous system (CNS) can be classified into subcritical, critical, and supercritical states that endow the system with information capacity, transmission capabilities, and dynamic range. A further investigation of the relationship between the CNS and the central pattern generators (CPG) is warranted to provide insight into the mechanisms that govern the locomotion system. Methods: In this study, we established a fractional-order CPG model based on an extended Hindmarsh-Rose model with time delay. A CNS model was further established using a recurrent excitation-inhibition neuronal network. Coupling between these CNS and CPG models was then explored, demonstrating a potential means by which oscillations generated by a neural network respond to periodic stimuli. Results and Conclusions: These simulations yielded two key sets of findings. First, frequency sliding was observed when the CPG was sent to the CNS in the subcritical, critical, and supercritical states with different external stimulus and fractional-order index values, indicating that frequency sliding regulates brain function on multiple spatiotemporal scales when the CPG and CNS are coupled together. The main frequency range for these simulations was observed in the gamma band. Second, with increasing external inputs the coherence index for the CNS decreases, demonstrating that strong external inputs introduce neuronal stochasticity. Neural network synchronization is then reduced, triggering irregular neuronal firing. Together these results provide novel insight into the potential mechanisms that may underlie the locomotion system.
ANALYSIS OF TEACHERS’ MANAGEMENT AND INSTRUCTIONAL TALK IN ENGLISH FOREIGN LANGUAGE (EFL) CLASSROOM AT SMA NEGERI 1 BOMBANA
Authors: Roslina Roslina
Published: May 2024

This study aims were to determine the context of teacher management and instructional talks in senior high schools, especially in Senior High Schools of 1 Bombana and the frequency of use of teachers' native language (NL) and target language (TL). The study subjects were two Indonesian English teachers. The descriptive qualitative method was used to obtain and analyze data. Our study results showed four contexts of utterance related to management talk while three contexts were related to the instructional talk. Teachers prefer to use the native language than the target language in either management talk term or instructional talk term. The frequency of using the native language was much higher both in management and instructional talk. It indicated by 86.9% average used in management talk, while 77.1% in the instructional talk. In addition, the reason for the domination of the native language was to reach the effectiveness of learning in EFL classes. However, it was also implied that the teacher's competence to use English in the classroom was inadequate.
Multiple object tracking is selectively linked to STEM achievement
Authors: Strong Roger W. , Germine Laura , Nakayama Ken , Martini Paolo , Wilmer Jeremy Bennet
Published: May 2024

STEM-related work is increasingly critical to economic development. Yet STEM education is leaky, with many individuals prematurely writing off STEM training and STEM careers. Could modern mind and brain research produce tools that identify STEM talent? Such tools would be most useful if they did not require learned STEM knowledge attained through prior education. Here, we reveal a prime candidate: multiple object tracking (MOT). A prominent test of spatial attention, MOT has well-documented links to math-related neural mechanisms. Yet it has not been systematically studied as a correlate of STEM outcomes. In a cognitively and demographically diverse cross-sectional sample of over 20,000 participants, we link MOT performance selectively to four separate indicators of STEM talent across the lifespan: K-12 school performance, college admissions test scores, college major, and occupation. MOT relates: (1) more strongly to self-reported K-12 math and science performance than writing performance, (2) more strongly to math SAT scores than verbal SAT scores, (3) more strongly than vocabulary performance to pursuing a STEM major in college, and (4) more strongly than vocabulary performance to obtaining a STEM profession. The selectivity of these links rules out broad cognitive or motivational mechanisms. At the same time, these links are demographically general, persisting across age, gender, and native language. We conclude that MOT is an efficient, focused correlate of STEM achievement. Plausibly, a STEM-linked tool, like MOT, that requires no prior STEM knowledge, could help to recruit and retain individuals to STEM who might otherwise be lost to a leaky pipeline.
A Multimodal Approach to Estimate Large Language Model Improvisational Capabilities
Authors: 박진우  , 최세린
Published: May 2024

Evaluating the improvisational capabilities of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT-4, Mistral, and Anthropic Claude across textual, visual, and psychological domains provides critical insights into their functionality and potential applications. The research demonstrates significant variances in the ability of these models to generate creative, contextually appropriate responses, visually coherent images from textual descriptions, and emotionally nuanced interactions. ChatGPT-4 excelled in textual improvisation, showcasing its capacity to produce linguistically rich and innovative content that pushes the boundaries of traditional text-based AI applications. Mistral distinguished itself in the generation of visual content, effectively translating abstract textual prompts into detailed and contextually relevant images, indicating its utility in creative and design fields. Anthropic Claude performed exceptionally well in psychological adaptability, interpreting and responding to emotional cues with a high degree of empathy and accuracy, suitable for customer service and therapeutic applications. The findings underscore the diverse capabilities of these LLMs, highlighting their potential to transform industries that require nuanced understanding and generation of complex content. Future research should focus on enhancing the reliability of these models across varied scenarios, improving their ethical deployment, and exploring hybrid approaches to leverage their unique strengths.
Gendered Pathways: How District Contexts Differentially Shape Educational Trajectories
Authors: Yu Baeksan , Lim Hyejung , Doo Yeseul
Published: May 2024

There are growing concerns about substantial socio-economic differences between districts, as well as gender achievement gaps in many developed nations. Yet, most previous studies have focused on a single ecological context, ignoring potential interactions between gender and district contexts. Moreover, prior estimates may be influenced by unmeasured differences between districts. In this study, we leverage within-district variation over six years within a multilevel framework to enhance our understanding of the contextual factors affecting student educational development. Our findings, derived from the nationally representative Seoul Educational Longitudinal Study linked to the Seoul Survey (2012 to 2017, N=2,373), indicate that boys benefit more from districts with higher levels of cultural satisfaction and social trustcompared to girls, beyond individual and school-level factors
The Effect of the Harezmi Education Model on Secondary School Students’ Science Academic Achievement
Authors: Zeybek Ayşenur , Orhan Sema İrem , Aydın Abdullah
Published: May 2024

Today, as technology develops, needs also diversify. These emerging needs are tried to be met with changing curriculum, teaching materials and different education models. The Harezmi Education Model (HEM), which has become widespread in Türkiye in recent years, can also be considered because of this process. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the HEM on students’ academic achievement. The research was conducted in the first semester of the 2022-2023 academic year with 19 students studying in the 5th and 6th grades of a public secondary school in Türkiye. The research was conducted using a pre-test post-test quasi-experimental design without a control group. Because of the data analysis, it was seen that the courses supported by HEM significantly increased the students’ achievement. Since participants were selected based on volunteering and a 10-week application period was required, the study did not include a control group. Based on this, science teachers are recommended to use HEM more frequently in their lessons in addition to existing teaching.
Fine-tuning Llama with Case Law Data to Improve Legal Domain Performance
Authors: Satterfield Nolan , Holbrook Parker , Wilcox Thomas
Published: May 2024

Advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shown promising potential across various professional fields, notably in the legal domain where the complexity and specificity of language present unique challenges and opportunities. The fine-tuning of Llama 3 with 8 billion parameters, tailored specifically for legal text analysis, has significantly enhanced its ability to process and generate legal documents with high accuracy and efficiency. The research employed a rigorous methodology that included the collection of a comprehensive dataset from Google Scholar, meticulous model configuration adjustments, and iterative training cycles to optimize the model's performance on the LegalBench dataset. Results from quantitative and qualitative assessments indicate marked improvements in accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, particularly in legal argument recognition and contract element extraction. These outcomes not only demonstrate the efficacy of domain-specific fine-tuning in enhancing LLMs but also underscore the potential for such technologies to revolutionize legal analytics and practice by providing tools that are both powerful and sensitive to the nuances of legal discourse. Future work will aim to expand the model’s training data to cover a broader range of legal systems and languages, enhancing its applicability and utility in global legal contexts.
Organizational Culture, Transformational Leadership, and Work Motivation's Effect on ABA Kindergarten Teachers' Performance and OCB
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Qamari Ika Nurul , Surwanti Arni
Published: May 2024

The goal of this research is to prove the impact of organizational culture, transformational leadership, and work motivation on the work performance and OCB of ABA Kindergarten teachers and employees in Yogyakarta. This study employs a quantitative research methodology. Data was collected from 207 respondents in 56 ABA kindergartens in Yogyakarta. A questionnaire survey was created using Google Forms to collect data on a Likert scale of 1–7 and analyzed using SPSS. Empirical research findings show that more than 60% of respondents chose an 'agree' scale on the questionnaire items. Reinforcing the findings, organizational culture, transformational leadership, and work motivation proved to have a positive impact on performance and OCB. This study looks at a wider range of variables than earlier ones did, so the information it gives is more complete and useful. Respondents who fill out the survey and a bigger range of scales make the research more objective and representative. This study helps teachers and staff manage schools better. Human resources manages work performance and OCB. This study may promote public sector progress generally.
The Effects of Image Resolution and Exposure Duration on Facial Beauty and Ugliness Evaluations
Authors: Sano Takanori , Gondo Mika , Osaka Yuna , Kawabata Hideaki
Published: May 2024

The beauty or ugliness of a face is affected by factors such as the resolution of the face image presented on the screen and its presentation time. However, details regarding the effect of the relationship between image resolution and presentation time are unclear. The present study investigated the effects of image resolution and presentation time on the beauty and ugliness evaluations of face images processed with down-sampling and Gaussian blurring. We prepared two types of face images with these blur processing treatments and conducted two experiments to evaluate beauty and ugliness perceptions at various presentation times. The data were analyzed using linear mixed models. We found that in both cases of blurring, the more the blurring, the lower the facial beauty and the higher the ugliness perceived. We also found that the shorter the presentation time, the higher the facial beauty and the lower the ugliness perceived. The results suggest that a positive bias may occur when sufficient temporal information is unavailable, whereas a negative bias may occur when sufficient image information is unavailable, regardless of the blurring processing method used.
Frans de Waal – a pioneer who shone a light on the intelligence and emotional life of our great ape cousins
Authors: Clay Zanna
Published: May 2024

Biology has just lost one of its greatest thinkers. An intellectual pioneer and exceptional observer of animals, de Waal inspired us all to think differently about animals as well as ourselves - his far-reaching impact within and beyond biology and psychology cannot be overstated. He was especially known for his ground-breaking work investigating the social minds of our two closest great ape cousins, the chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (P. paniscus), well as other primates. He leaves behind him a rich and varied legacy of research that continues to inspire and push the field forward.
Creating Remote Operating System to control Robot in remote area with Telematics
Authors: Kareem Karwan Mustafa
Published: May 2024

Inventing and developing of remote control systems with tele-operated system have been an interesting field for producing new models of communications technologies that create high level of control of the operation of device, as a television set, from distance area. This needs a communication channel to transfer data between different electronic machines via using specific host, port number that is accepted by client and server side technologies.
The relation between the capacities of imagination and visual memory in the short-term
Authors: Atkin Christopher , Howard Christina , Baguley Thom , Baker Joshua , Guest Duncan
Published: May 2024

Visual imagery and short-term memory utilise similar brain networks, but the extent to which they are related remains unclear. Here we explore whether the capacity of visual imagery (as yet unknown) is similar to the known capacity limits of visual working memory (VWM) and visual short-term memory (VSTM). Experiment 1 explored capacity limits in imagination, VWM and VSTM using a novel paradigm that for the first time provided estimates of capacity across these tasks. Imagination capacity was lower than that of VWM and VSTM. Experiments 2-4 eliminated alternative explanations of this capacity difference. Manipulating the time available to generate, update and maintain an image (imagination task) or encode, update and maintain an image (VWM task) did not influence performance in either task (Experiment 2). Manipulating the cue location and the size of the cued area had no specific influence on the imagination task (Experiment 3). Changing the test display (Experiment 4) showed that presenting all items at test (configural information) benefitted VSTM performance, presenting a single item benefitted VWM performance and manipulating test display had no impact on imagination performance. In Experiment 5, increasing object complexity eliminated the difference between VSTM and imagination capacity, however VWM capacity remained higher than that of imagery. The apparent superior capacity of VWM over imagination, suggests these processes are at least partly distinguishable and provides the first measurable indication of the extent to which top-down (imagery), versus bottom-up activation of sensory systems (memory) supports the representation of perceptual stimuli.
Emergent Mental Lexicon Functions in ChatGPT
Authors: Kello Chris , Bruna Polyphony J.
Published: May 2024

Traditional theories of the human mental lexicon posit dedicated mechanisms of processing that develop as sustained functions of brain and mind. Large Language Models (LLMs) provide a new approach in which lexical functions emerge from the learning and processing of sequences in contexts. We prompted lexical functions in ChatGPT and compared numeric responses with averaged human data for a sample of 390 words for a range of lexical variables, some derived from corpus analyses and some from Likert ratings. ChatGPT responses were moderately to highly correlated with mean values, more so for GPT-4 versus GPT-3.5, and responses were sensitive to context and human inter-rater reliability. We argue that responses were not recalled from memorized training data but were instead soft-assembled from more general-purpose representations. Emergent functions in LLMs offer a new approach to modeling language and cognitive processes.
Inconsistent Arguments are Perceived as Better Than Appeals to Authority: An Extension of the Everyday Belief Bias
Authors: Deans-Browne Calvin , Băitanu Alexandra , Dubinska Yuliya , Singmann Henrik
Published: May 2024

Social media is often used as a platform where individuals engage in debate regarding topics that are important to them. Not all arguments are equally convincing, and whilst a given argument may be persuasive to some people, it is often seen as inadequate by others. We are interested in both the individual and argument level differences that make ‘everyday’ arguments such as those on social media persuasive. In a replication of our Everyday Belief Bias Task (Deans-Browne & Singmann, 2024), we investigate this question using a paradigm that consists of two parts. In the first part, we measure participant’s individual beliefs about eight claims each referring to a political topic (e.g., Abortion should be legal). In the second part, participants rated an argument for each of these claims that was deemed as either good, inconsistent (containing internal inconsistencies), or authority-based (being centered around appeals to authority). We replicated the belief consistency effect – participants preferred arguments that were also in line with their beliefs. We also found that authority-based arguments were rated as worse than inconsistent arguments, and that both types of arguments were rated as worse than good arguments. The implications are first that people do not evaluate arguments independently of the background beliefs held about them. Secondly, people are willing to ignore inconsistencies in arguments more than they are willing to accept the endorsement of authority figures as adequate evidence for arguments.
Telematics: Tele-Operated System
Authors: Kareem Karwan Mustafa
Published: May 2024

With the advent of the Internet and more recently the high-speed academic networks, has created a dynamic that has allowed the academic, scientific and research worldwide for greater interaction in order to develop collaborative, relevant research and cooperatively competitive. Thus, Teleoperation stems from the need to keep people away from sources of changing radiation.
Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Healthcare: a review of technologies, ethical concerns, and regulatory issues
Authors: Cortecci Mattia Benato , Bonetti Marco
Published: May 2024

Review of the artificial intelligence applications in healthcare and the issues concerning its governance and impact on individuals and society, also taking into account the problems of ethics, accountability, and regulation that arise.
Professional Identify Formation: History, Practice and Challenges
Authors: Sutter Rebecca
Published: May 2024

This monograph explores the evolution of professional organizations, identities, and specialization, examining the historical trajectory, key drivers, challenges, and future implications of these interrelated processes. The work traces the shift from generalist occupational collectives to increasingly specialized professional identities and organizations, driven by factors such as the codification of knowledge, societal demands, technological advancements, and governmental interventions. It highlights strategies used by professions like medicine, law, and engineering to balance unity and specialization. The monograph also critically examines issues of professional ethics, social responsibility, and the need for greater diversity, equity, and inclusion in professional identity formation. Looking ahead, the work discusses how hyper-specialization presents both risks of fragmentation and opportunities for innovation, and calls for professional organizations to embrace interdisciplinary collaboration, public engagement, and a commitment to addressing complex global challenges. Ultimately, the monograph argues for a more expansive, socially responsive vision for the professions, and outlines educational and institutional reforms needed to support this evolution. The work represents an important synthesis of research on professional identity formation and specialization, and offers valuable insights for educators, organizational leaders, and professionals navigating the complex landscape of 21st century practice.
ALMANACS IN THE SYSTEM OF VALUES OF FRENCH POWER IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XVIII CENTURY
Authors: Vorotnev Georgy P. , Demicheva Taisiia
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the study of tools and mechanisms by means of which power institutions in the sources of everyday culture transmitted their ideas. French almanacs of the second half of the 18th century are involved as sources. The calendars, songs, anecdotes and documents contained in the almanacs and meeting the characteristic of political engagement were considered. The methodology used is proposed by Robert Darnton. For the first time the sources of everyday culture act as objects of study of information society and power discourse in France of the XVIII century. A comparative analysis of similar content moments in collections published in different years is carried out. The functionality used by the power to promote certain narratives in the almanacs is established. The article examines the transmission of the qualities of a true French citizen through calendars, songs and anecdotes, the introduction of the revolutionary calendar and the development of the system of saints in it, as well as the reception of political events by the compilers of almanacs. It is concluded that during the transition to the state of the modern type, the transformation of power in France was associated with the processes of de-Christianization and secularization of consciousness, the creation of the image of a "new citizen", the discrediting of royal power and the deconstruction of the figures of rulers.
Scooped by the town drunk”: COVID-19 as an actor in the rural journalist’s network
Authors: Mari Ruth Moon , Perreault Mildred F , Walsh Jessica Fargen , Perreault Gregory P , Lincoln Louisa
Published: May 2024

Journalists serving rural communities are crucial sources of information across the U.S.; they also face challenges and opportunities unlike those of their peers at large urban outlets. In this study, we take the COVID-19 pandemic as an opportunity to examine how these journalists define their group identities. We focus on local news creators to ask: How has COVID-19 influenced the identities of small-town and rural journalists in the U.S.? Using an approach informed by actor-network theory and social identity theory, we analyze interviews conducted during the height of the pandemic with 35 rural and small-town journalists across the Midwest, Appalachia, and Gulf South regions to understand the effects of COVID-19 on journalistic identities. We find that the pandemic disrupted the newsgathering process, depunctualizing it in a way that highlighted the centrality of relationships to the rural journalist’s identity. First, by physically distancing journalists from their sources, COVID-19 highlighted the importance of in-person connections. Second, by increasing the amount of contentious news available to report on, COVID-19 highlighted the tension between preserving news values and protecting community relationships. Our findings highlight the far-reaching effects of one actant in a network and the ways journalists in crisis situations negotiate conflicting pressures.
TAXATION OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES IN AFRICAN COUNTRIES: ASSESSING REGULATORY APPROACHES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Otieno David
Published: May 2024

The taxation of cryptocurrencies, a growing phenomenon with rising adoption, presentscomplex issues for African countries. The struggle revolves around classifying these assets fortaxation and grappling with definitional issues to ensure enforceability. The pressing problemis developing crypto asset tax regimes that support investment and usage without inhibitinginnovation. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of regulatory approaches in Kenya,Nigeria, and South Africa to illuminate the substantial policy challenges within the cryptomarket in Africa. It explores the varied classification of crypto assets, global approaches, andassociated challenges. The report highlights inadequacies and recommends progressive taxationsystems by contrasting these African nations' taxing policies to worldwide regulatorystandards. Conclusively, it suggests adapting and harmonising tax rules across Africa.
Being “resilient” and achieving “resilience”: from governmental discourses to the national research agenda in the contexts of food insecurity and cost of living
Authors: Lluch Sara Vilar , Clutterbuck Donna , Kranert Michael , Smith Dianna , Nield Sarah , Alwan Nisreen
Published: May 2024

The concept of ‘resilience’ is pervasive, permeating academic disciplines and political discourses. This paper considers (i) the construal of ‘resilience’ in the contexts of food insecurity and cost-of-living in governmental discourses in the United Kingdom (UK); (ii) to what extent the political representations are reflected in research funding calls of UK national funding bodies, thus showing possibility of shaping research agendas; and (iii) to what extent official uses of ‘resilience’ reflect lay understandings. We are combining a corpus-based discourse analysis of UK governmental discourses and research funding calls with a study of focus group discussions. Representations of ‘resilience’ are further compared with those available in general English corpora. We are observing a shift in the use of ‘resilience’: from an individual psychological attribute to a primarily socioeconomic and environmental characteristic. Funding calls construe resilience in relation to communities, reflecting economy and environment adaptability, whereas governmental discourses frame references to individuals in terms of ‘vulnerability’. Focus groups reveal divergent conceptions of ’resilience’, which may lead to potential misunderstandings. While this variety of uses may be productive in political discourses for rhetorical purposes, there is a need for specificity in shaping research and in public-facing communications.
Peran Inovasi Pendidikan dalam Mengikuti Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi
Authors: Sogen Maria Margaretha Vicitta W. N.
Published: May 2024

Artikel ini memaparkan mengenai peran inovasi pendidikan dalam era teknologi informasi. Di sisi pendidikan, inovasi teknologi informasi seperti aplikasi mobile dan film dokumenter membawa manfaat dalam pembelajaran sejarah dengan menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang interaktif dan menarik. Guru memiliki peran kunci dalam menerapkan inovasi ini untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Dengan revolusi industri 4.0, penggunaan media modern yang didukung teknologi menjadi semakin penting dalam menciptakan pengalaman belajar yang menyenangkan dan efektif. Inovasi pendidikan juga diperlukan untuk menyelesaikan masalah praktik pendidikan, memuaskan stakeholders, menyediakan pendidikan berkualitas, dan mengantisipasi perubahan eksternal.
Education (Documentaries) and Utopian Thinking
Authors: Mueller Gabriele
Published: May 2024

This article examines three films that comment on public education in Germany. Berlin Rebel High School (Alexander Kleider, 2016 ), Die Kinder der Utopie (Hubertus Siegert, 2019), and Herr Bachmann und seine Klasse (Maria Speth, 2021 ) are German documentaries that present a critique of the current educational system and, at the same time, allow glimpses into classrooms that offer alternative educational models. All three films align themselves with the educational theories of utopian, radical, or critical pedagogies and embrace an approach to education that rejects the definition of a static end goal and emphasizes the unfinished, continuous nature of pedagogical practice. In the films’ examples, education’s utopian dimension resides in the process of striving for positive change, in the critical analysis of the present and the purposeful and collaborative action of learners and educators to change it for the better. The analysis of the formal, narrative, and paratextual strategies of the documentaries shows that critical hope is generated by the films on two levels, first, through the portrayal of concrete examples of alternative pedagogical practices and, second, through the films’ participation in the educational process.