bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of artificial intelligence to eyewitness identification
Authors: Kleider-Offutt Heather , Stevens Beth , Mickes Laura , Boogert Stewart
Published: April 2024

Artificial intelligence is already all around us, and its usage will only increase. Knowing its capabilities is critical. A facial recognition system (FRS) is a tool for law enforcement during suspect searches and when presenting photos to eyewitnesses for identification. However, there are no comparisons between eyewitness and FRS accuracy using video, so it is unknown whether FRS face matches are more accurate than eyewitness memory when identifying a perpetrator. Ours is the first application of artificial intelligence to an eyewitness experience, using a comparative psychology approach. As a first step to test system accuracy relative to eyewitness accuracy, participants and an open-source FRS (FaceNet) attempted perpetrator identification/match from lineup photos (target-present, target-absent) after exposure to real crime videos with varied clarity and perpetrator race. FRS used video probe images of each perpetrator to achieve similarity ratings for each corresponding lineup member. Using receiver operating characteristic analysis to measure discriminability, FRS performance was superior to eyewitness performance, regardless of video clarity or perpetrator race. Video clarity impacted participant performance, with the unclear videos yielding lower performance than the clear videos. Using confidence-accuracy characteristic analysis to measure reliability (i.e., the likelihood the identified suspect is the actual perpetrator), when the FRS identified faces with the highest similarity values, they were accurate. The results suggest FaceNet, or similarly performing systems, may supplement eyewitness memory for suspect searches and subsequent lineup construction and knowing the system’s strengths and weaknesses is critical.
The phosphoethanolamine transferase PetL of Pasteurella multocida is associated with colistin resistance
Authors: Yang Jie , Lin Lin , Bi Haixin , Shi Congcong , Lv Qingjie , Hua Lin , Chen Huanchun , Wu Bin , Peng Zhong
Published: April 2024

The rapid emergence and spread of colistin-resistant gram-negative bacteria has raised worldwide public health concerns, and phosphoethanolamine (PEtn) transferase modification-mediated colistin resistance has been widely documented in multiple gram-negative bacterial species. However, whether such a mechanism exists in the zoonotic pathogen Pasteurella multocida is still unknown. Recently, a novel PEtn transferase, PetL, was identified in P. multocida, but whether it is associated with colistin resistance remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that PetL in P. multocida (PetLPM) exhibited structural characteristics similar to those of the mobile-colistin-resistant (MCR) protein and the PEtn transferase characterized in Neisseria meningitidis. The transformation of petLPM into E. coli or K. pneumoniae changed the phenotype of several tested strains from colistin sensitive to colistin resistant. Deletion of this gene decreased the colistin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of P. multocida by 64-fold. Our extensive analysis by MALDI-TOF–MS demonstrated that PetLPM participated in the modification of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-lipid A. Deletion of petLPM led to an increase in membrane charge but a decrease in cell-surface hydrophobicity and cell permeability in P. multocida. The present study is the first to report the presence of PEtn transferase-mediated colistin resistance in the zoonotic pathogen P. multocida.
Queer Theories from Somewhere
Authors: Weiss Margot
Published: April 2024

This chapter considers the impact of queer theory on queer anthropology, of queer anthropology on queer theory, and of the insights of queer empiricism on queer studies as a whole—a genealogy too often sidelined or erased. The chapter considers three signal moments: queer studies’ transnational turn, Gayle Rubin’s "Thinking Sex," and Judith Butler’s Gender Trouble. This genealogy highlights anthropology’s queer empiricism as counter to the too-ready dismissal of anthropology as mere data—cross-cultural context for queer study’s abstract concepts ("theory") in the form of exoticized and colonialist case studies. Attending to multidisciplinary conversations and highlighting multiple genealogies, I argue for a reading of theory as situated, extrinsic, partial—queer theories, not theory.
Black Queer Anthropology Roundtable
Authors: McGlotten Shaka , Gill Lyndon , Green Marshall , Lane Nikki , Otu Kwame
Published: April 2024

This roundtable of Black queer anthropologists, featuring Lyndon Gill, Marshall Green, Nikki Lane, and Kwame Otu in conversation with Shaka McGlotten, is oriented around several themes: ethnography, art, and activism; the abolitionist potentials in their coming together; the dislocation of Black queer anthropologists in the academy and the discipline; the complex sociality of ethnographic practice, relationality, and community accountability; and the need for another/Black queer non-university, spaces for study, and the recharging of resiliencies.
Neurodevelopmental defects in a mouse model of O-GlcNAc transferase intellectual disability
Authors: Authier Florence , Ondruskova Nina , Ferenbach Andrew T. , McNeilly Alison D. , van Aalten Daan M. F.
Published: April 2024

The addition of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to proteins (referred to as O-GlcNAcylation) is a modification that is crucial for vertebrate development. O-GlcNAcylation is catalyzed by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and reversed by O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Missense variants of OGT have recently been shown to segregate with an X-linked syndromic form of intellectual disability, OGT-linked congenital disorder of glycosylation (OGT-CDG). Although the existence of OGT-CDG suggests that O-GlcNAcylation is crucial for neurodevelopment and/or cognitive function, the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms remain unknown. Here we report a mouse line that carries a catalytically impaired OGT-CDG variant. These mice show altered O-GlcNAc homeostasis with decreased global O-GlcNAcylation and reduced levels of OGT and OGA in the brain. Phenotypic characterization of the mice revealed lower body weight associated with reduced body fat mass, short stature and microcephaly. This mouse model will serve as an important tool to study genotype-phenotype correlations in OGT-CDG in vivo and for the development of possible treatment avenues for this disorder.
Facial morphology analysis of children with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate in a local population
Authors: Anjum Rabia , Mahmood Saqib , Nagi A H , Chaudhry Saima
Published: April 2024

Objectives: To study the facial morphology in children with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate by applying numerical facial analysis on photographs for planning and evaluating treatment outcomes.

Methods: This descriptive study was conducted from March 2020 to July 2020 in the Department of Oral Pathology, University of Health Sciences and Cleft Lip and Palate Hospital, Lahore Pakistan. A total of 104 patients of both genders with an age range from three months to thirteen years were included. Photographs of the participants were taken to measure facial anthropometrical landmarks including facial height, nose width, mouth width and inter canthal distance. The association between facial measurements with gender and phenotype and across age groups were computed keeping the confidence level at 95%.

Results: Mean age of the children was 72.43±44.2 months with slight male predominance. Thirty-one percent presented with bilateral cleft lip and palate followed by unilateral cleft lip and plate. Total mean facial height, nose width and mouth width were found to be 143.46±21.52mm, 32.24±5.03mm and 33.71±4.38mm respectively. Intercanthal distance was measured to be 31.04±5.99mm. Statistically significant association was observed between gender and facial height, nose width, mouth width and Intercanthal distance.

Conclusion: Facial anthropometric measures done on frontal photographs can be used to identify the facial landmarks in children with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate in low resource stings that may help surgeons in getting better aesthetic outcomes. These landmarks vary between ethnic groups therefore these should be specific to a particular race and ethnicity so as to ensure proper aesthetics and improved quality of life for the children of all nations.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.8485

How to cite this: Anjum R, Mahmood S, Nagi AH, Chaudhry S. Facial morphology analysis of children with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate in a local population. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.8485

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Σύνθεση υβριδικών ενώσεων στη στοχευμένη θεραπεία για τον καρκίνο
Authors: Λεονίδης Γεώργιος
Published: April 2024

Οι ιντεγκρίνες ανβ3 και ο υποδοχέας του VEGF είναι δυο σημαντικοί στόχοι στη στοχευμένη μεταφορά φαρμάκων καθώς βρίσκονται υπερεκφρασμένοι ή μεταλλαγμένοι σε πολλούς τύπους καρκίνου. Τα μονοπάτια στα οποία εμπλέκονται είναι στενά συνδεδεμένα μεταξύ τους, και η ενεργοποίηση του ενός μονοπατιού συμβάλει στη διαφοροποίηση του άλλου. Ο καθολικός σχεδιασμός και η σύνθεση πολύπλοκων υβριδικών ενώσεων που στοχεύουν αυτές τις σηματοδοτικές οδούς, μπορεί να συμβάλλει στη δημιουργία νέων αντικαρκινικών φαρμάκων με εξαιρετικές φαρμακοκινητικές και φαρμακοδυναμικές ιδιότητες. Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή αναπτύσσονται οι τεχνικές σχεδιασμού, η σύνθεση, η ανάλυση, η υπολογιστική και βιολογική εκτίμηση νέων υβριδικών ενώσεων που στοχεύουν τις οδούς των ιντεγκρινών ανβ3 και του VEGFR. Αυτές οι υβριδικές ενώσεις συνδυάζουν αναστολείς αγγειογένεσης με το πεπτίδιο RGD, τους αντιμεταβολίτες και τα μικρά μόρια που υπάγουν την πρωτεόλυση. Στο πρώτο υποκεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται η σύνθεση δυο πεπτιδικών συζευγμάτων του αναστολέα της κινάσης SRPK1 πρώτης γενιάς, SRPIN803, με το πενταπεπτίδιο c(RGDyK). Το υποκεφάλαιο εστιάζει στα προβλήματα που παρουσιάζει η σύζευξη του SRPIN803 με άλλα βιοδραστικά μόρια λόγω του φαινολικού άκρου του. Επιπρόσθετα, αναπτύσσεται η πεπτιδική σύνθεση στερεάς φάσης του c(RGDyK) που ξεκινάει από προστατευμένα αμινοξέα. Στο τέλος παρουσιάζονται τα υπολογιστικά και τα προκλινικά αποτελέσματα των συζευγμάτων τα οποία αναδεικνύουν την αντί-αγγειογενετική ικανότητα τους. Στο δεύτερο υποκεφάλαιο αναπτύσσεται η εξ ολοκλήρου σύνθεση του νανομοριακού αναστολέα της SRPK1 δεύτερης γενιάς, JH-VII-139-1. Παρουσιάζεται η σύνθεση τριών συζευγμάτων του JH-VII-139-1 με το c(RGDyK) και μετά τον προσδιορισμό του σταθερότερου από αυτά, αναπτύσσεται η σύνθεση τριδραστικού αναλόγου που φέρει την φθορίζουσα ουσία φλουορεσκεΐνη. Στη συνέχεια, μέσω οπτικοποίησης φθορισμού, αποκαλύπτεται η κυτταρική πρόσληψη των πεπτιδικών συζευγμάτων του c(RGDyK). Στο τρίτο υποκεφάλαιο παρουσιάζονται οι συνθέσεις υβριδικών ενώσεων των αναστολέων αγγειογένεσης SRPIN803 και JH-VII-139-1 με αντιμεταβολίτες όπως η γεμσιταβίνη, η φθοροουρακίλη και η μεθοτρεξάτη. Στη συνέχεια αναπτύσσεται η σύζευξη του πιο δραστικού αναστολέα JH-VII-139-1 με τρεις ενώσεις που επάγουν πρωτεόλυση: το YTK-105, την πομαλιδομίδη και την Boc3Arg. Στο υποκεφάλαιο εξετάζονται διάφορες τεχνικές σύζευξης μέσω διασπώμενων και σταθερών συνδετών καθώς και η συνεισφορά τους στην συνολική δραστικότητα των συζευγμάτων.
Exploring the perspectives of transwomen on ethical issues in conducting research with the transwomen community in India: A qualitative enquiry
Authors: Yatirajula Kanaka Sandhya , Mukherjee Ankita , Giri Santosh , Maulik Pallab K
Published: April 2024

Background Research with or involving transwomen in India is limited; previous research has focused on understanding the problems and discriminations they face. However, no studies have focused on exploring the ethical dimension of conducting research among transwomen. This kind of research is important for true representation but is only possible when cis-gender researchers engage with transgender perspectives. The study aimed at identifying the perspective of transwomen regarding the need to undertake research among them, understanding their perspectives of research ethics and articulating requirements to ensure their inclusion in research. Methods The study was an exploratory study using qualitative research methods, conducted with transwomen in Kolkata, West Bengal, India, in collaboration with a transgender led community-based organisation. The National Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical and Health Research involving Human Participants by the India Council for Medical Research was the reference point for this exploration with focus on select research ethics principles and allied ethical aspects. Results Insights into the perspectives of the transwoman from this research include: research among transgender persons is much needed to understand the trans way of life, identify problems and possible solutions; researchers should be mindful of the preferred nomenclature, invest in rapport building; ensure research is done in a safe space; the results are reported in a way that does not increase stigma and the research findings are used for the benefit of the community. Conclusions While conducting research among trans-communities is important, it is essential that before starting any research with transgender persons, researchers should carefully examine questions related to who benefits from the proposed research, whether the proposed study is meaningful to the trans-community, whether it address their immediate and pressing needs and finally whether it furthers the stigma that transgender persons are subjected to, before embarking on the study.
Symptoms and main features of personality formation of a psychopath
Authors: Spytska Liana
Published: April 2024

Aim of the study

The research relevance is predefined by the fact today the concept of psychopathy is in a state of transition, as experts describe the disorder on a superficial level. In this regard, the research aims to analyze the main symptoms and characteristics of psychopathy, the analysis of the behavior of individuals with psychopathic traits.

Subject or material and methods

The primary research methods are analysis and synthesis, comparisons and analogies, and a survey was conducted among Internet users.

Results

The research considers the insufficient awareness of the manifestations and factors of the diagnosis, in addition, a significant number of psychopathic individuals remain without the attention of psychiatrists, which makes it impossible to detect pathologies among a part of the population.

Discussion

The article emphasizes the issue of behavioral manifestations during the interaction of internal and external factors, building relationships with the environment, susceptibility to disorders depending on gender, the influence of genetic or acquired defects in the process of certain activities, as well as functioning and organization of the brain of a person with psychopathic disorders.

Conclusions

It was concluded that the characteristics of psychopathic personality disorder aimed at studying the needs and motivations of psychopaths, and a number of essential proposals for diagnosing psychopathy through the identification of common key signs are offered. The research is of theoretical and practical value for psychologists, psychoanalysts, and physicians for the purposes of theoretical and practical study of the characteristic features of psychopathy and significantly deepen knowledge about this disorder.
Therapeutic approaches in the treatment of postpartum depression - contemporary views
Authors: Sójta Klaudia Marta , Strzelecki Dominik , Gawlik-Kotelnicka Oliwia
Published: April 2024

Postpartum depression (PPD) is one of the most common complications of the postpartum period. This prevalent woman's mental health problem is a serious threat to the psychological and physical well-being of both mothers and infants, and its consequences may persist in the long term. Because of the unique changes at the biological, psychological, and social levels that result from childbirth and early adaptation to motherhood, treatment of postpartum depression requires a specific approach. Although many systematic reviews describing therapeutic interventions for the treatment of PPD have appeared in the literature in recent years, the most effective therapeutic options have still not been identified. This paper reviews current treatment recommendations for postpartum depression, with consideration of their effectiveness and safety. The authors also formulate practical tips in the therapeutic management of postpartum depression, paying attention to the course and character of accompanying symptoms.
COVID-19 and older workers’ mental health: data from 27 countries
Authors: Skałacka Katarzyna , Pajestka Grzegorz
Published: April 2024

Aim of the study

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought radical changes to the vocational landscape, especially in its first wave. Many workers successfully established a new workspace in their home, but this transition to remote work has reduced opportunities for informal social interactions while requiring the learning of new skills and creating new work–home interference. The aim of this study was to identify how changes in working conditions caused by the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic are related to the mental health of older workers from 27 countries.

Subject or material and methods

Our study was based on Wave 8 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, targeted to the COVID-19 living situation of people aged 50 years and older.

Results

Our findings suggest that older people forced by the pandemic into at-home and “hybrid” working evaluated their mental health as poorer than those who continued to work at their usual workplace did. Respondents whose working hours changed, whether they increased or decreased, also reported poorer mental health than those with no changes did. However, these results were gender dependent.

Discussion

Both modes of remote working were more of a burden for women than for men, and current physical health status was more important in predicting women’s mental health than men’s.

Conclusions

Transition to remote working and dealing with work–home interference is highly relevant to understanding changes in older workers’ mental health.
Spend analytics in Norwegian public procurement: adoption status and influencing factors
Authors: Langseth Marius , Haddara Moutaz
Published: April 2024

Public procurement is an essential government function representing a substantial part of a nation’s economy. How decisions are made in public procurement influences nations' economic health and citizens' daily lives. In this study, we employ the technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework to investigate public procurement officials' adoption of spend analytics in Norway. Based on an analysis of survey data from 529 Norwegian procurement entities collected by the Norwegian Agency for Public and Financial Management, we find that 61% do not utilize spend analytics, with adoption rates varying across different types of entities. A correlation analysis indicates that procurement analysis competencies are significantly associated with higher adoption rates, highlighting the critical role of analytical skills. Organizational factors such as procurement volume and a centralized purchasing unit are positively linked to the use of spend analytics. Environmental factors offer a contrasting picture: while specific factors seem to drive spending analytics adoption, a strong orientation towards sustainability and competency challenges may hinder it. These findings encourage a systemic look at how the public procurement system could be more data-driven.
A comparison of soft factors in the implementation and adoption of digitalization projects: a systematic literature review
Authors: Ngereja Bertha Joseph , Hussein Bassam , Wolff Carsten
Published: April 2024

This study expounds existing literature on digitalization projects taking a one-dimensional view on people at organizational, project and individual levels. Through a systematic literature review, we highlight and contrast the impact of soft factors on the implementation and adoption of digitalization projects. Four core enablers were identified and contrasted at different organizational levels in an integrated framework for successful implementation and adoption of digitalization projects. Findings indicate that both adoption and implementation of digitalization projects have similar core enablers at organizational level, significantly different actions that need to be taken at project level and slightly different characteristics at individual level. Moreover, eight critical soft factors were identified for successful implementation and adoption of digitalization projects. The findings provide valuable insights to practitioners and enable controlling the highest value factors to increase the success rate of digitalization projects and to identify the core elements that need attention at various organizational levels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic literature review that expounds the extent of knowledge available on success factors within the context of digitalization projects taking the single dimensional focus on people at different organizational levels.
Two strikes: A case study of consecutive ST-elevation myocardial infarctions (STEMI) in two different coronary arteries
Authors: Chirumamilla Yashitha , Chinnappan Justine , Alkotob Mohammad Luay
Published: April 2024

An acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) followed by reinfarction within a short period of time is typically due to stent thrombosis. However, a STEMI caused by occlusion of one vessel followed by a repeat infarction due to occlusion of a different vessel which was seemingly innocent a few hours earlier is extremely rare. We present the case of a 61-year-old male with a past medical history of prediabetes, hyperlipidemia, tobacco use, and gastroesophageal reflux disease who presented to the emergency department with complaints of chest pain. His initial electrocardiogram (EKG) revealed ST elevation in leads II, III and aVF with reciprocal changes in leads I and aVL. He promptly underwent cardiac catheterization and had percutaneous coronary intervention with placement of two drug-eluting stents (DES) in the right coronary artery (RCA). At that time coronary angiography revealed 50% stenosis of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery and 60% stenosis of the second diagonal branch artery. Shortly after the procedure he was asymptomatic, and the post procedure EKG demonstrated resolution of the ST elevations. However, within 2 hours he developed chest pain and was found to have new ST elevations in the anterolateral leads. Repeat cardiac catheterization revealed patent RCA stents with subtotal occlusion of the LAD and another DES was placed. After the second procedure the patient remained hemodynamically stable, EKG changes resolved, and he was kept on eptifibatide infusion for 18 hours after which he was switched to dual antiplatelet therapy and ultimately discharged home.
Leading with the chin: facial rejuvenation of the lower third
Authors: Meinecke Gigi
Published: April 2024

The facial lower third and chin contribute significantly to overall facial balance. Beginning with an anatomical exploration, this article defines the chin's unique features and the evolutionary significance of its projection in humans. The often-overlooked senescent changes of the chin are discussed, as well as congenital contour and projection defects. A sequential treatment model is offered to manage these inherent and acquired lower-third deformities.
Unlocking your professional potential: the art of public speaking in aesthetic medicine
Authors: Bird Vanessa
Published: April 2024

Vanessa Bird explains how public speaking can elevate your professional profile
Managing employee social media posts
Authors: Farmer Alexandra
Published: April 2024

Alexandra Farmer takes us through the implications of ‘employees behaving badly’ on social media, as well as the steps employers can take to implicate reasonable rules that respect an employees right to privacy and freedom of expression, whilst protecting the reputation of the business
Continuing the journey towards the achievement of public protection, safeguarding and regulatory oversight
Authors: Sines David
Published: April 2024

David Sines explores the JCCP's mandate for 2024
Support from advanced practitioners in critical care for ankle fracture dislocation
Authors: Morrison Craig , Renfrew Linda , McHenry Ryan
Published: April 2024

Background:

Analgesic imitations, under-recognition of injury severity and delayed restoration of neutral alignment are common problems around ankle fracture dislocation (AFD). Optimal prehospital management improves long-term outcomes.

Aims:

This study aimed to explore ambulance clinicians' experiences of AFD incidents when supported by advanced practitioners in critical care (APCCs).

Methods:

Semi-structured online interviews were conducted. Data sets were coded and grouped to identify themes via thematic content analysis.

Findings:

Six clinicians agreed to take part (response rate 42%). AFDs were encountered infrequently (once per year). Four themes were identified: clinicians' confidence in managing AFD; value-added role of APCCs; prehospital challenges; and reflections on the incident.

Conclusions:

Benefits of the APCC role include enhanced technical skills, including in ankle reduction and analgesia, and in non-technical skills, such as leadership and decision-making. Improvements in clinician recognition and management of AFD and better awareness of the APCC role are recommended, as is research on optimal prehospital AFD management.
Settling into a new pace
Authors: Green Jennifer
Published: April 2024

As more paramedics transition across various roles, Band 6 paramedic, Jennifer Green shares her journey in a monthly column, as she navigates the ups and downs of attempting to make her way from the comfort of the ambulance setting into general practice
Wounded landscapes: Human intervention into natural ecosystems.
Authors: Bashiron Mendolicchio Herman , Ryan Honi , Lowry Sean
Published: April 2024

This article is a general introduction to this Coolabah edition.
All that is solid melts into air (Salton Sea), 2017
Authors: Sadia Sadia
Published: April 2024

This paper is an analysis of the artist Sadia Sadia’s 5’54” filmed loop three channel digital video and surround sound installation ‘all that is solid melts into air (Salton Sea)’ filmed at the Salton Sea, Coachella Valley, California in 2017. Integrating a practice that has included music production, sound design and fine art filmed installation, the artist examines the Salton Sea as a site of ecological devastation undergoing drought amplified by the climate crisis. The drying lake exposes ‘Salton Sea dust’ which contains a mix of arsenic, selenium, chromium, zinc, lead and DDT as a consequence of industrialised agricultural activity. The filmed installation employs aesthetic ‘methodologies of transcendence’ to initiate sublime, transcendent and epiphanic states, grounded in practice-based artistic research as well as existing sociological, psychological and neuroscientific research. Through an examination of the filmed installation work, the artist interrogates whether there is an element of the sacred that can be found in ecological devastation and whether the redemptive power of awe can lead from individual epiphany through to meaningful collective change. The submission is of a creative work of practice-based research with an accompanying expository text by a practicing artist and filmmaker.
Wounded landscapes, tense equilibriums, and broken connections:
Authors: Bashiron Mendolicchio Herman
Published: April 2024

This text delves into the complex interplay between humans and the natural environment, exploring its philosophical, historical, and ecological dimensions. From ancient contemplations on living in harmony with nature to the present-day ecological crisis, the narrative examines the impact of human activity on the Earth's ecosystems, emphasizing issues such as deforestation, pollution, and mining. The author highlights the growing awareness of this ecological crisis and its reflection in contemporary art. Various artistic projects and exhibitions are discussed as powerful means to address environmental challenges and provoke critical reflection. The text concludes by emphasizing the urgent need for a paradigm shift in humanity's relationship with nature, urging a collective effort towards coexistence and sustainable practices to heal the wounded landscapes and repair the damaged balance between human activities and the Earth's ecosystems.
Artist as healer
Authors: Guezennec Soazic
Published: April 2024

Amidst escalating ecological crises, artists grapple with representing landscapes in the Anthropocene era, where human activity dominates. Departing from traditional portrayals, the artist advocate for acknowledging interconnectedness within ecosystems. Through personal experiences and projects like "Happy Owners," the author challenges conventional perceptions and inspire critical engagement with nature. Recent explorations into ancestral rituals and the Breton coast underscore a personal journey towards understanding human-environment relationships. Ultimately, art serves as a medium for interpretation and exploration, rather than didactic activism.
The Rurapolis Platforms:
Authors: Wackernagel Salomé
Published: April 2024

A possible reimagining of the phenomenon of urban sprawl is presented here, with a view to exploring and projecting a model of territorial development adapted to present and future societal and climatic contingencies: this involves rethinking the urban landscape on the basis of fragmented and neglected rural typologies. The Rurapolis platforms are anchored in the cross-border territory of the Pyrenees – between Navarre in Spain and the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in France. A collective process of rammed earth construction combined with contemporary dance, brought to the abandoned village of Egulbati for a few days, will be used to address the issue of rural depopulation in a region where there are more than a hundred abandoned villages. These ruins, which run like fissures through the landscape, are seen here as potential clusters to activate a Rurapolis adapted to the ecological transition. The aim here is to show how a small-scale cultural initiative such as the Rurapolis platforms would allow us to take action in the context of the climate and health crisis, assess the viability of a larger-scale, long-term territorial project, and ultimately give visibility to a possible renaissance of the rural environment and its ruins on the back of a collective experience that revives a forgotten place.
Ynode – Caminu a su Connottu – Exhibition Tierra
Authors: Pinna Ivana
Published: April 2024

In various parts of the world we are witnessing massive ecological impact due to human activity and exploitation of the land perpetuated by economic agents, whose interests are far from the local communities of the territories under attack. The phenomenon of land grabbing is responsible, in certain areas, not only for the compromise of the landscape and the exploitation of the land, but also for the destruction of local economic activities, which increases the impoverishment of communities and the phenomenon of depopulation. The rural communities are often too small to be able to thwart the projects of large corporations or the government decisions that are made many miles away. Furthermore, within the same communities we can witness divisions between those who perhaps accept the new impositions, with the hope of being able to benefit from new income, and those who do not want to give up. The false and illusionary promises of development, promoted by the greed of the economic agents without any knowledge of the story of the place, could be fought with the construction of a new communitarian vision and an alternative dream of development. This may be the only possible way to be independent of external decisions imposed by others. This article aims to propose another vision through the description of a project whose aim was to spread small seeds, by imagining another possible future path, cultivating hope.
Algunos breves apuntes sobre el uso, origen, referencias y omisiones literarias de la denominación Lacus Ligustinus.
Authors: CAÑIZAR PALACIOS José Luis
Published: April 2024

En lo que llevamos de siglo ha experimentado un notable auge el estudio del espacio geográfico conocido como Lacus Ligustinus, señalándose su enorme relevancia en cuestiones varias como la economía, el paisaje, el poblamiento o las comunicaciones de la zona. Se trata de un territorio que continúa despertando el interés de la ciencia histórica y que, gracias a las posibilidades que brindan las nuevas tecnologías, se encuentra además bastante definido desde todo punto de vista. Menos interés ha despertado en cambio el origen de una denominación que destaca por su escasa presencia en las fuentes escritas, siendo la principal pretensión del presente trabajo determinar el análisis de las posibles razones que expliquen su excepcionalidad.
Los tesoros de principios del siglo I a.C. de la provincia de Cuenca.
Authors: AMELA VALVERDE Luis
Published: April 2024

Análisis de seis tesoros de la provincia de Cuenca (España), con información dispar, que se han fechado en el primer cuarto del siglo I a.C. Se estudia su composición y su posible relación con las guerras sertorianas.
A Conversion of Conviction: The Spiritual Journey of Fr. Lewis (Paul James Francis) Wattson, SA
Authors: Gribble Richard
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT: The spiritual journey of Father Paul James Francis was marked by faith, courage, and determination. Born Lewis Thomas Wattson, he became an Episcopal priest. He served as rector of a parish in Kingston, New York and Superior of the Associate Mission in Omaha, Nebraska, before returning to New York to found the Franciscan Friars of the Atonement in 1898. Father Paul, as he was and is known historically, always held a "high church" theological perspective. Gradually, over an approximate ten-year period he made the transition and in October 1909 was, along with his community, corporately received into the Roman Catholic Church. His decision came about because of three events: (1) The realization that papal primacy was indeed true, (2) The rejection of a sermon he gave to an archdeaconry meeting in New York, and (3) A change in Episcopal canon law that allowed any person approved by a local rector or bishop to preach in an Episcopal church. Harassed by both the Episcopal communion and the Catholic community for "living in both camps," Father Paul nevertheless achieved his lifetime goal to become a Catholic and to found a religious society based on church unity and mission.
Looking Back, Moving Forward, and Everything in Between: Revisiting Student Development's Relevance and Enduring Concepts
Authors: Duran Antonio , Abes Elisa S. , Stewart D-L , Jones Susan R.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The study of student development has long been considered a cornerstone of the higher education and student affairs (HESA) profession. However, perspectives on what constitutes student development have evolved as scholars continuously embrace more critical frameworks to implicate systems of power and oppression—what scholars have termed the third wave of student development. And yet, questions abound about which concepts are still relevant for contemporary college student populations and which no longer endure. In this paper, we take up this concern, together with analyzing the centrality of student development theory in the HESA profession. First, we revisit past and emerging understandings of student development, providing insights on how the profession must shift previously held ideas and embrace constructs that remain core to this area of study. Second, we consider what these perspectives on student development mean for teaching and practice, especially given the present sociopolitical context. We conclude with a call to (re)establish critical views on student development as a foundation of the HESA field.
University Leadership as a Racialized Space: Building Constructs for an Emergent Theory
Authors: Espino Michelle M.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The organizational settings and subcultures in which Latine mid-level student affairs administrators are employed obscure the covert nature and permeation of racialized processes throughout the academic organization. Such processes determine who is promoted and who can lead. I used a constructivist grounded theory approach to challenge current leadership discourses and to propose an initial set of theorizing constructs for an emergent theory of university leadership as a racialized space. The emergent theory delves into how opportunity structures, organizational environments, and individual agency affect the career aspirations and professional pathways to senior leadership roles for 93 Latine mid-level student affairs administrators across the US. Four intersecting structural practices are proposed to illustrate how leadership is a racialized space: (a) leadership is not neutral—it is raced, gendered, and classed; (b) pathways for Latine leaders are constrained through structural exclusion; (c) formal credentialing and notions of professionalism cloak whiteness as leadership legitimacy; and (d) social and material resources are inequitably distributed to Latine student affairs administrators, whose heavy workloads and emotional labor leave them trapped in entry-level and mid-level positions without opportunities for advancement. Implications for theory and practice are offered.
High-tolerance reconfigurable MZI racetrack resonator on a 3-µm-thick SOI photonics platform
Authors: Lee Ang , Zhao Nengyang , Liu Chenyang , Wang Ruxue , Ding Yanyue , Qiu Chao , Wu Aimin
Published: April 2024

Integration of resonators impacts the utilization of the 3-µm-thick silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform in photonics integrated circuits (PICs). We propose an integrated resonator leveraging a deep-etch silicon waveguide. Through the utilization of a tunable coupler based on multimode interferometers (MMIs), the resonator achieves high fabrication tolerance and reconfigurability. In a critical-coupling state, it serves as a filter with an extinction ratio (ER) of 23.5 dB and quality (Q) factor of 3.1×105, operating within the range of 1530–1570 nm. In an extreme over-coupling state, it functions as a large-bandwidth delay line, offering continuous change in delay time of 22 ps, nearly wavelength-independent. This work provides devices to the 3-µm-thick silicon photonics device library, enriching the potential applications of this technology platform.
Optical cavity reaching 10-16 frequency stability with compact optical circulator based in-coupling optics
Authors: Wegehaupt Timm , Sanjuan Jose , Gohlke Martin , Grafe Pascal , Kumanchik Lee , Oswald Markus , Schuldt Thilo , Braxmaier Claus
Published: April 2024

Future space missions will benefit from highly stable and compact optical frequency references. While many promising technologies are currently under investigation, optical cavities are a well-suited technique for applications in which relative references are required. To improve the frequency stability of optical cavities, a key step in combining high performance with compactness and robustness is the further development of in-coupling optics. Here, we present our work of using a fiber-coupled circulator based in-coupling for a high-finesse optical cavity. Implementing the new, to the best of our knowledge, in-coupling board to an extensively characterized crossed cavity set-up allows us to identify possible differences to the commonly used free-beam technique. With a frequency stability of 5.5×10−16Hz−1/2 at 1 Hz and with only a slight degradation in frequency stability below the mHz range, no circulator-caused instabilities were observed.
Trends in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among pregnant women attending first antenatal care visits in Zambia: A repeated cross-sectional survey, 2021–2022
Authors: Heilmann Elizabeth , Tembo Tannia , Fwoloshi Sombo , Kabamba Bupe , Chilambe Felix , Kalenga Kalubi , Siwingwa Mpanji , Mulube Conceptor , Seffren Victoria , Bolton-Moore Carolyn , Simwanza John , Yingst Samuel , Yadav Ruchi , Rogier Eric , Auld Andrew F. , Agolory Simon , Kapina Muzala , Gutman Julie R. , Savory Theodora , Kangale Chabu , Mulenga Lloyd B. , Sikazwe Izukanji , Hines Jonas Z.
Published: April 2024

SARS-CoV-2 serosurveys help estimate the extent of transmission and guide the allocation of COVID-19 vaccines. We measured SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among women attending ANC clinics to assess exposure trends over time in Zambia. We conducted repeated cross-sectional SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence surveys among pregnant women aged 15–49 years attending their first ANC visits in four districts of Zambia (two urban and two rural) during September 2021-September 2022. Serologic testing was done using a multiplex bead assay which detects IgG antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein and the spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD). We calculated monthly SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence by district. We also categorized seropositive results as infection alone, infection and vaccination, or vaccination alone based on anti-RBD and anti-nucleocapsid test results and self-reported COVID-19 vaccination status (vaccinated was having received ≥1 dose). Among 8,304 participants, 5,296 (63.8%) were cumulatively seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from September 2021 through September 2022. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence primarily increased from September 2021 to September 2022 in three districts (Lusaka: 61.8–100.0%, Chongwe: 39.6–94.7%, Chipata: 56.5–95.0%), but in Chadiza, seroprevalence increased from 27.8% in September 2021 to 77.2% in April 2022 before gradually dropping to 56.6% in July 2022. Among 5,906 participants with a valid COVID-19 vaccination status, infection alone accounted for antibody responses in 77.7% (4,590) of participants. Most women attending ANC had evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and most SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was infection-induced. Capturing COVID-19 vaccination status and using a multiplex bead assay with anti-nucleocapsid and anti-RBD targets facilitated distinguishing infection-induced versus vaccine-induced antibody responses during a period of increasing COVID-19 vaccine coverage in Zambia. Declining seroprevalence in Chadiza may indicate waning antibodies and a need for booster vaccines. ANC clinics have a potential role in ongoing SARS-CoV-2 serosurveillance and can continue to provide insights into SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics to inform near real-time public health responses.
Fishing effort dynamics around the Galápagos Marine Reserve as depicted by AIS data
Authors: Chinacalle-Martínez Nicole , Hearn Alex R. , Boerder Kristina , Murillo Posada Juan Carlos , López-Macías Jean , Peñaherrera-Palma César R.
Published: April 2024

The waters around the Galápagos Marine Reserve (GMR) are important fishing grounds for authorized artisanal vessels fishing within the reserve as well as for national and foreign industrial fleets operating in the wider Ecuadorian Insular Exclusive Economic Zone (IEEZ). Although it was not originally designed for fisheries management, Automatic Identification System (AIS) data provides useful, open access, near real-time and high-resolution information that allows for increased monitoring, particularly around Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction. This study uses AIS data provided by Global Fishing Watch to assess the spatial distribution and seasonal dynamics of fishing effort by vessel flag within the GMR and the IEEZ from 2012 to 2021. Based on kernel density estimation analysis, we determinate the core-use areas (50%) and spatial extent (95%) of fishing activities by fleets (Ecuadorian and foreign), gear types and seasons (warm, from December to May; and cold, from June to November). Our results show that the Ecuadorian fleet recorded the most observed fishing hours in the study area, with 32,829 hours in the IEEZ and 20,816 hours within the GMR. The foreign flags with the most observed fishing hours in the IEEZ were Panama (3,245 hours) and Nicaragua (2,468.5 hours), while in the GMR were the ‘Unknown flag’ (4,991.4 hours) and Panama (133.7 hours). Vessels fished employing different fishing gears, but the waters of the GMR and IEEZ were mostly targeted by tuna purse-seiners and drifting longlines. The spatial distribution of the fishing effort exhibits marked seasonal variability, likely influenced by seasonal migrations of target species such as tunas (e.g., Thunnus albacares, T. obesus and Katsuwonus pelamis), marlins (e.g., Makaira nigricans) and sharks (e.g., Alopias pelagicus). The collection and use of this type of spatial and seasonal information is an essential step to understand the dynamics of fishing activities in national waters and improve fisheries management, particularly in less studied areas and fisheries.
TIM3 activates the ERK1/2 pathway to promote invasion and migration of thyroid tumors
Authors: Jin Xiao , Yin Zhibo , Li Xiaoyu , Guo Hao , Wang Bo , Zhang Shanshan , Li Yong
Published: April 2024

Background

This study aims to study the possible action mechanism of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM3) on the migratory and invasive abilities of thyroid carcinoma (TC) cells.

Methods

GSE104005 and GSE138198 datasets were downloaded from the GEO database for identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis were performed on the common DEGs in GSE104005 and GSE138198 datasets. Subsequently, in order to understand the effect of a common DEG (TIM3) on TC cells, we performed in vitro experiments using FRO cells. The migratory and invasive abilities of FRO cells were detected by wound scratch assay and Transwell assay. Proteins expression levels of the phosphorylated (p)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 were determined via Western blotting after ERK1/2 inhibition in TIM3-NC group and TIM3-mimic group.

Results

316 common DEGs were identified in GSE104005 and GSE138198 datasets. These DEGs were involved in the biological process of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. TIM3 was significantly up-regulated in TC. In vitro cell experiments showed that TIM3 could promote migration and invasion of TC cells. Moreover, TIM3 may affect the migration, invasive abilities of TC cells by activating the ERK1/2 pathway.

Conclusion

The above results indicate that TIM3 may affect the migratory and invasive of TC cells by activating the ERK1/2 pathway.