bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of feeding strategies on serum vitamin A levels in preterm infants aged 3-6 months
Authors: Li Boyu , Cao Wei , Chen Wen , Wu Feng , Lv Qian , Ding Bilan , Lin Luanxun , Ma Liya , Chen Ruoqing
Published: August 2024

Background Limited data are available about the association between feeding strategies and nutritional status of vitamin A (VA) among preterm infants. We aimed to investigate the nutritional status of VA and its association with different feeding strategies among preterm infants aged 3-6 months, and to explore the potential modifying effect of neonatal complications and VA supplementation on the studied association.
Methods We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study including 483 preterm infants. Data on feeding strategies, demographic and clinical characteristics were collected from hospital records or through interviews with parents, and serum VA levels were tested among infants aged 3-6 months. Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression were used to evaluate the association of feeding strategies with VA levels and VA deficiency (VAD).
Results The serum VA level (mean±standard deviation [SD]) was 0.25±0.07 mg/L, and the prevalence of VAD was 24.84% among the infants. Compared with exclusive breastfeeding, breast milk plus human milk fortifier, formula, mixed feeding, as well as mixed feeding plus human milk fortifier were respectively associated with a SD increase of VA level in serum (β and 95% confidence interval (CI):1.05 (0.62-1.47), 1.17 (0.99-1.36), 0.52 (0.32-0.72), and 0.97 (0.44-1.49), respectively), and a lower risk of VAD (odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI: 0.14 (0.04-0.47), 0.12 (0.06-0.24), 0.34 (0.19-0.63), and 0.21 (0.05-0.92), respectively). Compared with no formula, term formula, post-discharge preterm formula, and special formula were associated with a SD increase of VA level in serum (β and 95% CI: 0.86 (0.68-1.04), 0.48 (0.21-0.75), and 0.74 (0.42-1.06), respectively) and a lower risk of VAD (OR and 95% CI: 0.20 (0.11-0.36), 0.47 (0.23-0.96), and 0.39 (0.16-0.96), respectively). Neonatal complications modified the associations of feeding regimens or types of formula with VA levels.
Conclusions Feeding with formula and human milk fortifier are associated with better VA status among preterm infants. Healthcare professionals need to be aware of the risk of VAD among preterm infants and the potential for risk reduction through administering formula and human milk fortifier.
Synergistic Effects of Fructose and Food Preservatives on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: From Gut Microbiome Alterations to Hepatic Gene Expression
Authors: Hrncir Tomas , Trckova Eva , Hrncirova Lucia
Published: August 2024

Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing global health problem closely linked to dietary habits, particularly high fructose consumption. This study investigates the combined effects of fructose and common food preservatives (sodium benzoate, sodium nitrite, and potassium sorbate) on the development and progression of NAFLD in a human-microbiota-associated mouse model.
Results
Our comprehensive analysis reveals that fructose and potassium sorbate synergistically increase liver damage, inflammation, and fibrosis, while altering liver function, lipid profiles, and intestinal permeability. Significant changes were observed in the composition of gut bacterial and fungal communities, accompanied by the induction of predominantly pro-inflammatory immune responses, particularly in the mesenteric lymph nodes. Gene expression analysis in the liver uncovered extensive transcriptional changes induced by fructose and modulated by preservatives, affecting key genes involved in lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses.
Conclusions
Our findings highlight the complex interplay between dietary components, gut microbiota, and host metabolism in the development of NAFLD. The study suggests potential risks associated with combined fructose and preservative consumption, particularly potassium sorbate. These results open new avenues for understanding and treating NAFLD through dietary intervention and microbiome modulation, emphasizing the need for further investigation into the impact of food additives on liver health.
Association of metabolic syndrome and its components with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Zahra , Pourmirafzali Sahar Sadat , kafi Mehdi , Lotfi Mohammad Amin , Abbasifard Mitra
Published: August 2024

Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients might manifest an increased prevalence of Metabolic syndrome (MetS) components like insulin resistance, obesity, and dyslipidemia. Here we aimed to assess the interconnection between MetS components and SLE and attempted to divulge the potential contribution of MetS on SLE development.
Methods
We enrolled 200 cases with SLE whose diagnosis was accomplished by American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. MetS diagnosed was accomplished through the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria.
Results
The frequency of MetS among the SLE population was 28.5%. SLEDAI was not significantly different between SLE cases with and without MetS (P = 0.3519). CRP level was significantly higher in the SLE cases with MetS compared to those without MetS (P = 0.0412). BMI, FBS, WC (both in males and females), total cholesterol, TG, and LDL were significantly higher in SLE subjects with MetS compared to those without MetS. However, in both males and females, HDL level was significantly lower in SLE subjects with MetS compared to those without MetS. Obesity, CVD, T2D, dyslipidemia, and hypertension were more prevalent in MetS cases among the SLE population. Treatment with metformin (OR = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.21–0.96, P = 0.0398) and atorvastatin (OR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.23–0.92, P = 0.0287) was associated significantly with a decreased risk of MetS in SLE patients
Conclusions
An increased prevalence of MetS in the SLE population was observed, while these patients did not have worsen disease severity. All conventional components of MetS were associated with MetS development in the SLE population.
A New Traveling Wave-based Methodology to Optimally Detect Faults in HVDC Systems
Authors: de Lima Harrison Batista , Júnior Damásio Fernandes , Neves Washington Luís Araújo , Reis Raphael Leite de Andrade
Published: August 2024

A new traveling wave (TW) based methodology to optimally detect faults in HVDC transmission lines is proposed in this paper. Basically, an optimal digital filter is defined using techniques that minimize the fault location error. The proposed solution is validated through several short-circuit simulations carried out in a bipolar direct current network, being the fault parameters varied in each simulation, such as type, location and resistance. The performance of the proposed methodology is compared against other traditional methods reported in the literature. From the obtained results, the proposed technique has shown to be more accurate due to an optimization technique being applied to find an optimal solution to detect faults, resulting in a customized traveling wave-based fault detector solution for each considered power grid.
Ivermectin mobility in Delta del Paraná wetlands: influence of topography and soil geochemical features
Authors: García-Boloquy Jonathan , Calfayan Laura M. , Suarez-Cantero Olivia , Fernandez Mariela A. , Montes M. Luciana , Salduondo Joaquin , Pierro-Reboiras Juan , Quintana Ruben , Olivelli Melisa Soledad
Published: August 2024

Grazing activities in wetlands ecosystems lead to the alteration of nutrients dynamics and the contamination of soils and waters with veterinary products, among other negative impacts. The objective of this work was to determine the presence and mobility of Ivermectin (IVM), an antiparasite compound used in livestock, in soils from three cattle fields located in the lower Delta del Paraná. Its mobility was correlated with the content of iron, different fractions of organic matter (OM) and clays. Results indicated that upper and middle zones of fields contained the highest content of clays and hematite (1.51 and 0.35 g/kg, respectively) and presented the highest amount of labile OM (3.70 and 2.93%, respectively), with 23.50 and 14.25 ppm of IVM, respectively. The low and anaerobic zone with high iron content (25 g/kg) and no hematite, presented 16 ppm of labile OM and 16.06 ppm of IVM. Results suggested a high mobility of IVM from upper to lower zones; and a high concentration of soluble IVM in the lower zones (2.87 ppm) compared to the upper topographies (0.45 and 1 ppm). The presence of this drug was strongly influenced by its interaction with the type of OM and the mineralogical composition of soils. This is the first time that IVM was reported to be associated to a mobile and soluble fraction of organic matter, representing a threatening situation to water courses. This study allowed to explain the occurrence and fate of the contaminant in wetlands accordingly to the physicochemical characterization of soils.
Does Higher Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels will harm Bone Mineral Density ?: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Xu Bingcheng , Li Qiai , Luo Bo , Liu Hao
Published: August 2024

Objective: Vitamin D has long been acknowledged as vital in preventing and managing osteoporosis. However, there is controversy over which vitamin D supplementation strategies are best for maintaining optimal bone mineral density levels for adults. This study aimed to determine the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels and total bone mineral density.
Methods: Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011 to 2008 cycles. The primary exposures were 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Bone Mineral Density. A multivariable logistic regression approach was used to model and adjust the variables relevant to the associations.
Results: There is a U-shaped association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels and bone mineral density among adults, and the concentration of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was 81.1 nmol/L. Among males, those below 84.5 nmol/L showed a significant positive association (p= 0.0012), whereas above this threshold, the association was non-significant and slightly negative (p=0.0001). For females, those below 31.4 nmol/L exhibited a significant positive association (p=0.0034), whereas above this threshold, the association remained positive but weaker and marginally significant (p= 0.0002).
Conclusions: The optimal 25-hydroxyvitamin D level for adult males is 84.5 nmol/L. Higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are not conducive to increased bone mineral density for males. For adult females, setting the threshold for vitamin D deficiency above 31.4 nmol/L is crucial, as higher levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are more beneficial for increasing bone density.
Optimizing the Performance, Safety, and Efficiency: Dimethoxy Ethane-Based Electrolytes Revolutionize Sodium-Ion Battery Technology
Authors: Venkateswarlu Manohar Chinnareddy , Majumder Mandira , Kommu Parameshwar , Medabalmi Veerababu , Vadivel Selvamani , Balusamy Santhosh , Godi Mahesh , Bellie Hariprakash
Published: August 2024

Dimethoxy Ethane (DME)-based electrolytes have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional sodium perchlorate (NaClO4) electrolytes in sodium-ion battery (SIB) technology, offering superior safety profiles without compromising performance or efficiency. In this research article, we investigate the optimization of SIB performance, safety, and efficiency through the utilization of DME-based electrolytes supplemented with additives. Our study focuses on enhancing the performance of NVPF/HC full cells by incorporating additives into a base electrolyte of 1 M NaPF6 in DME. Electrochemical evaluations of these cells demonstrate significant improvements in key performance metrics, including capacity retention, cycling stability, and rate capability. The NVPF/Hard carbon cell with 1 M NaPF6 in DME showed 92.6% of Initial Coulombic Efficiency (ICE for the NVPF half-cell and 87.69% for the Hard carbon half-cell. The cyclic stability for both the NVPF and hard carbon half-cells are 94% when cycled at 1C-2C rate for 100 cycles. For the full cell with NVPF cathode and hard carbon anode the ICE was 78.5% with cyclic stability of 92% when cycled for 200 cycles at 1C-2C rate. Overall, this research highlights the transformative potential of DME-based electrolytes and additive formulations in revolutionizing SIB technology, offering a pathway towards safer, more efficient, and more reliable energy storage solutions for a wide range of applications.
Enhanced dynamicity: evolutionary insights into amphibian mitogenomes architecture
Authors: Xiao Yi , Niu Gengyun , Shi Haihe , Wang Zhenyu , Du Renzeng , Li Yankuo , Wei Meicai
Published: August 2024

Mitogenomes are known for their structural dynamics and the complexity of their rearrangement patterns. However, their utility in metazoan comparative biology has not been fully exploited. Vertebrate mitogenomes are now sufficiently representative to allow the development of more advanced methods for comparing genome architecture. Furthermore, the relatively robust phylogeny of vertebrates at higher taxonomic ranks allows us to infer the patterns of genome evolution accordingly. In this study, using amphibians as an example, we performed data cleaning and manual annotation on 1777 samples from the NCBI and identified 88 rearrangement types, most of which were clade specific. In addition, we quantified genomic changes in an evolutionary framework and obtained stepwise growth curves of the architectural changes. This study provides new perspectives for understanding the evolution of the mitogenomes in amphibians and is expected to facilitate the qualitative and quantitative development of mitogenomes research.
Improved Energy Management Strategy Using Adaptive PI Controller for FuelCell-Supercapacitor-Battery Hybrid Tramways
Authors: Briber Faical , Rezzak Daoud , Boudjerda Nasserdine
Published: August 2024

This paper presents an enhanced Energy Management Strategy for a hybrid (FuelCell-Supercapacitor-Battery) tramway, using an adaptive Proportional-Integral(PI) controller. The main objectives are: i) prevent sudden changes in the fuel cellcurrent to prolong its lifespan; ii) effectively track the power requirements of thetramway under both steady-state and transient conditions; iii) regulate the DCbus voltage at a predefined reference; and iv) achieve robust control of the hybridpower source. The development of the proposed Energy Management Strategywas conducted through two stages: first, using cascaded PI controllers to evaluatecontrol performance based on the Turkish Driving Cycle of the LF-LRV tramway;and second, integrating the adaptive PI controller into the inner control loop ofthe DC bus voltage. The adaptive PI controller outperforms the conventional PIcontroller by significantly reducing chattering and transient peaks of the DC busvoltage by 77%. Furthermore, the adaptive PI controller responds robustly toparameter variations of Cbus, ensuring steady DC bus voltage clear of chatteringor disturbance. These improvements enhance the overall control performance,thereby advancing the sustainability of fuel cell-based tramways and promotingenvironmentally friendly urban transportation.
Network pharmacology and experimental methods to explore the mechanism of Guizhi Fuling capsule in overcoming cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer
Authors: Dou Lei , Deng Lei , Lu Enting , Li Fangmei , Zhang Rongjin , Meng Fanyi , Chen Xinyang , Li Yin , Zhang Yi , Sun Ye
Published: August 2024

Objective
Ovarian cancer is a common gynecological malignant tumor, and its incidence ranks high among female malignant tumors. Based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis, the mechanism of GFC in the treatment of ovarian cancer was explored by in vitro and in vivo experiments.
Methods: Firstly, the common target genes of ovarian cancer and the effective chemical components of GFC were screened, and network pharmacology was used to identify the potential targets of GFC in the treatment of ovarian cancer. Then, the prediction results of network pharmacology were verified by cell and animal experiments. Finally, the use of LC-MS/MS of GFC representative compounds and the main effective component is analyzed.
Results: Effective chemical components of GFC can target 265 potential sites in ovarian cancer. Gene enrichment analysis has revealed that the dysregulation of glycolysis metabolism and its associated pathways are promising targets for treating ovarian cancer. Experimental results have demonstrated that cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer is correlated with elevated glycolysis levels. When combined with cisplatin, GFC consistently suppresses glycolysis levels and the activity of its regulatory enzymes in A2780/DDP cells, while initially increasing and subsequently decreasing oxidative phosphorylation levels. Oxidative phosphorylation of ATP activating ROS caused mitochondrial autophagy and apoptosis. Animal studies have further confirmed that the combination treatment of GFC and cisplatin effectively inhibits tumor growth, as well as glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in mice.
Conclusions: GFC combined with cisplatin can rebalance energy metabolism and promote the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells.
Distribution and Utilization pattern of wild and domesticated Musa spp. by Khamti tribe of Namsai district in Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Songthing Walung , Pangging Govinda
Published: August 2024

The study was done to document the distribution and utilization pattern of wild and domesticated Musa spp. by the Khamti tribe of Namsai district, Arunachal Pradesh. This study was conducted from January to June 2023 through a questionnaire survey and informal interviews with 55 respondents from the Khamti tribe. In this study, 10 Musa spp. were reported from the Namsai district. Of these 7 were wild Musa spp. namely M. balbisiana, M. flaviflora, M. itinerens, M. markkuana, M. siangensis, M. velutina and one unknown Musa spp. M1 and 3 cultivated Musa sp. Jahaji, chinikol, sabji-kol. Khampti tribe utilized Musa spp. in 8 use categories for their various socio-cultural purposes such as ceremonies and rituals (CNR), commercial uses (COM), construction (CON), edible (EDB), livestock feed (FED), traditional medicine (MED), packing (PAC) and others (OTH). The highest use percentage was found in the edible (EDB) and commercial (COM) use categories with 26% each, followed by ceremonies and rituals (15%), others (11%), etc. Among the plant parts, fruits and inflorescences had the highest utilization (21% each), followed by leaf and pseudo stem (16% each), etc. Among all Musa spp., M.balbisiana had the highest number of plant parts utilized i.e. 7 followed by M.itinerans.
Comparative Efficacy of Intrathecal Morphine and Adductor Canal Block in the Knee Arthroplasty Population: A Retrospective Multi-Centre Cohort Study
Authors: Brown Brigid , Cheok Tim Soon , Worsley David , Kroon Hidde M. , Davis Nathan , Jaarsma Ruurd L. , Doornberg Job , Lin D-Yin
Published: August 2024

Background
Finding the balance of good postoperative analgesia while facilitating mobility is important for a safe and satisfactory patient experience during Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). This retrospective study evaluated different anaesthetic techniques in patients undergoing TKA to assess postoperative pain scores, time to mobilisation, and length of hospital stay.
Methods
1006 consecutive patients undergoing elective TKA across two large tertiary centres were included over six years. There were divided into one of four groups according to the type of analgesia received: Group N patients received no neuraxial morphine or regional block, Group B patients received adductor canal block (ACB) only, Group M patients received intrathecal morphine (ITM) but no regional block, and Group BM were patients who received both ACB and ITM.
Results
Patients who received an ACB mobilised earlier compared to patients without a block (p < 0.001). Patients in Group BM had the lowest pain scores at rest and with movement, while Group B patients experienced the highest pain scores at rest and on movement (p = 0.005). Patients who received ITM had the lowest opioid requirements (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between groups in requirement for rescue pain management strategies (p = 0.06).
Conclusions
The combination of ITM and ACB in patients undergoing TKA provides improved postoperative analgesia with lower postoperative opioid requirement and earlier mobilisation compared with ACB or ITM alone.
Interparticle Distance-Driven Diffusion Field Transforming Selectivity in Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Peng Feng , Yang Guangxing , Chen Jie , Liu Dongqin , Yuan Jiayu , Wu Zenan , Liu Zhiting , Zhang Qiao , Yu Hao
Published: August 2024

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on platinum (Pt) electrodes in acidic electrolytes can occur via two pathways, with the four-electron (4e−) pathway predominantly prevailing. However, the research on the fundamental reasons for the switching of reaction pathways has largely focused on structure-activity relationships, while neglecting the impact of mass transport. The influence of macroscopic mass transport from the bulk to the diffusion layer has been studied by controlling the rotating speed. However, regulating mesoscopic transport by altering macroscopic hydrodynamics remains challenging. In this study, we varied the loading of Pt nanoparticles to produce Pt with nearly identical physicochemical properties but differing interparticle distances. Increasing the interparticle distance from 58.6 nm to 117.0 nm significantly enhanced the selectivity towards H2O2 in an acidic environment, with the selectivity increasing from 4.6% to 81.5%. Utilizing electrochemical im-pedance spectroscopy, we demonstrate that interparticle distance modulates the O2 diffusion field around Pt nanoparticles, consequently affecting H2O2 adsorption and determining the electron transfer numbers of the ORR. Our findings highlight that mesoscopic mass transport influences not only the total current but also the reaction pathways. These results emphasize the importance of the spatial distribution density of nanoparticles in regulating mesoscopic mass transport, thereby controlling the adsorption of intermediates and enhancing electrocatalytic performance.
Screening the Global Health Priority Box Against Plasmodium berghei Liver Stage Parasites Using an Inexpensive Luciferase Detection Protocol
Authors: Nguyen Gia-Bao , Cooper Caitlin A. , McWhorter Olivia , Sharma Ritu , Elliot Anne , Ruberto Anthony , Cury Rafael , Pathak Ashutosh K. , Kyle Dennis E. , Maher Steven P.
Published: August 2024

Background
Malaria, a disease caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium, continues to impact many regions globally. The rise in resistance to artemisinin-based antimalarial drugs highlights the need for new treatments. Ideally, new antimalarials will kill the asymptomatic liver stages as well as the symptomatic blood stages. While blood stage screening assays are routine and efficient, liver stage screening assays are more complex and costly. To decrease the cost of liver stage screening we utilized a previously reported luciferase detection protocol requiring only common laboratory reagents and adapted this protocol for testing against luciferase-expressing Plasmodium berghei liver stage parasites.
Methods
After optimizing cell lysis conditions, the concentration of reagents, and the density of host hepatocytes (HepG2), we validated the protocol with 28 legacy antimalarials show this simple protocol produces a stable signal useful for obtaining quality small molecule potency data similar to that obtained from a high-content imaging endpoint. We then use the protocol to screen the Global Health Priority Box (GHPB) and confirm the potency of hits in dose-response assays. Selectivity was determined using a galactose-based, 72 hr HepG2 assay to avoid missing mitochondrial-toxic compounds due to the Crabtree effect. Receiver-operator characteristic plots were used to retroactively characterize the screens’ predictive value.
Results
Optimal luciferase signal was achieved using a lower HepG2 seed density (5 x 103 cells/well of a 384-well plate) compared to many previously-reported luciferase-based screens. While producing lower RLU’s compared to a commercial alternative, our luciferase detection method was found much more stable, with a > 3 hr half-life, and robust enough for producing dose-response plots with as few as 500 sporozoites/well. Our screen of the GHPB resulted in 9 hits with selective activity against P. berghei liver schizonts, including MMV674132 which exhibited 30.2 nM potency. Retrospective analyses show excellent predictive value for both antimalarial activity and cytotoxicity.
Conclusions
We project this method is suitable for high-throughput screening at a cost 20-fold less than using commercial luciferase detection kits, thereby enabling larger liver stage antimalarial screens and hit optimization make-test cycles. Further optimization of the hits detected using this protocol is ongoing.
An Altmetric Analysis of the Research Literature About Traditional, Complementary, and Integrative Medicine
Authors: Ng Jeremy Y. , Judge Alep , Cramer Holger
Published: August 2024

Background
The use of traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM) is known to be popular worldwide; there have been over 200 000 research articles published on this topic as of 2024. For decades, traditional citation-based metrics have been the assumed norm when assessing the impact of research, but in the digital age, alternative metrics (altmetrics) have also become a valuable proxy. By analyzing trends associated with the altmetrics of scholarly outputs relating to TCIM, patterns of social engagement were identified to obtain a better understanding of the factors that drive social impact in this field online.
Methods
This study was conducted using Altmetric.com, whereby this database was searched by the subject area “Traditional, Complementary and Integrative Medicine”. The subsequent data obtained was further analyzed to discern social trends within TCIM scholarly outputs at the article level.
Results
Outputs from the Journal of Natural Products were mentioned the most frequently online (n = 5314, 10.56%). The highest average Altmetric attention scores were associated with news outputs (M = 203.67), and outputs published under a bronze OA type (M = 17.54). The most mentions were contributed by X (n = 350 630, 70.41%), Facebook (n = 57 540, 11.55%), and news outlets (n = 39 941, 8.02%).
Conclusions
Implementing the characteristics associated with increased online attention reported in this study and sharing research findings to identified popular online channels may help align dissemination efforts with public interests to increase the visibility of TCIM research online, ultimately shortening the gap between research and policy.
Prevalence and Correlates of Academic Stress, Anxiety and Depression Among Medical Students in Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria-Nigeria
Authors: FARRAU USMAN , TANKO YUSUF , DAWUD FATIMA ALHASSAN , ISA AHMED SHERIF , DANJUMA NUHU MOHAMMED , YUSHA'U YUSUF , JAAFAR ALIYU , DUBO AUGUSTINE BANLIBO
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the prevalence of academic stress (and associated stressors), anxiety and depression among year two medical students at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. Depression, anxiety and stress scale-21 (DASS-21) and medical stressor questionnaire (MSSQ) were filled out by 188 randomly selected participants after obtaining their agreement and written consent to participate. Preliminary reliability tests on the two instruments were conducted using a few (35) subjects before the main data collection. The reliability tests revealed strong internal consistencies of the two instruments, with overall Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.937 for DASS-21 and 0.929 for MSSQ. Mean levels of stress, anxiety and depression were found to be normal, moderate and normal, respectively. Significant and strong positive correlations between stress, anxiety and depression levels were observed. The prevalences of the conditions were found to be relatively high: 39.4% for stress, 68.1% for anxiety and 47.3% for depression at various degrees. However, the prevalences of severe to extremely severe levels of the conditions were relatively low for stress (6.9%) and depression (6.9%), and moderate for anxiety (33%). Academic-related stressors were the leading contributors to stress among the participants, with 46.8% perceiving high stress from this category of stressors. The findings of this study indicate a relatively high prevalence rate of stress, anxiety and depression among the participants, while framing a critical view of the academic environment’s impact on medical students' mental health, and underscore the importance of proactive measures to support the well-being of this population.
Ecosystem carbon storage, allocationsand carbon credit values of major forest types in the central Himalaya
Authors: Joshi Rajendra Kumar , Garkoti Satish Chandra
Published: August 2024

The Himalayan forests are a crucial global carbon reservoir contributing significantly to carbon mitigation efforts. Although situated within a singular climatic zone, Himalayan forests display diverse forest types within a short distance due to variations in altitudes, mountain ranges, slopes, and aspects. This study aimed to estimate ecosystem carbon storage (comprising plant biomass, deadwood, litter, and soil organic carbon (SOC), allocation, evaluate carbon sequestration and carbon credit potential in chir-pine (Pinus roxburghii Sarg.), deodar (Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) G.Don), oak (Quercus leucotrichophora A. Camus), and sal (Shorea robusta (Roth) forests in the central Himalaya. Volumetric equations were utilised across diverse tree species and supplemented by field sampling, particularly employing the quadrat method to quantify tree biomass. The carbon stocks within ecosystems varied considerably, ranging between 122.44 and 306.44 Mg C ha-1, with discernible differences among forest types, with oak forests exhibiting the highest carbon stock, followed by deodar and sal forests, and pine forests showing the lowest. The allocation of ecosystem carbon stocks among different components, including tree (21–34%), soil (64–77%), deadwood (0.9–0.35%), and litter (0.46–1.20%), demonstrated significant variability. The Mantel test revealed the significant influence of environmental factors on carbon storage. Carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration ranged from 448.98 (pine forest) to 1123.16 (oak forest) Mg CO2 ha−1, while carbon credit values ranged from 1346.96 EUR ha-1 (pine forests) to 3379.49 EUR ha-1 (oak forest). In the study, dominant trees in various forest types contribute to higher carbon storage in their biomass and forest soil, resulting in greater carbon credits. Present research evaluates the ecosystem carbon storage, CO2 sequestration potential, and carbon credit valuation for major forests in the central Himalaya. By incorporating these findings into forest management plans and strategies, the carbon sequestration potential and carbon trading of the central Himalayan forest ecosystem in India can be enhanced.
Self-reported questionnaires to assess domestic indoor environmental exposures in asthma patients: A scoping review
Authors: Punyadasa Dhanusha , Adderley Nicola J , Rudge Gavin , Nagakumar Prasad , Haroon Shamil
Published: August 2024

Background: The indoor domestic environment plays a crucial role in determining the outcome of respiratory diseases, including asthma. Researchers, clinicians, and patients would benefit from self-reported questionnaires to assess domestic environmental exposures that may impact on respiratory health.
Objective: To review self-reported instruments for assessing domestic environmental exposures in asthma patients and to characterise their content, development, and psychometric properties.
Design: A scoping review was conducted with content assessment.
Methods: A literature search was conducted in Embase and PubMed using the key words housing quality, questionnaire and asthma and their index terms, covering articles published in English from the year 2000 onwards. Articles in which questionnaires or single item questions were used to assess domestic environmental exposures in asthma patients in middle- and high-income countries were included. We excluded articles in which the questionnaire required an interviewer or onsite observations and those conducted in low-income countries.
Results: We screened 1584 articles to identify 44 studies containing self-reported questionnaires measuring domestic environmental exposures. 36 studies (82%) were cross sectional, 35 (80%) had a sample size of greater than 1000 participants, and 29 (66%) were conducted in children. Most studies (86%, n=38) had binary (yes/no) or multiple-choice responses. 25 studies (57%) included a recall period of 12 months. 32 studies (73%) had a response rate of greater than 50%. Dampness, exposure to biological irritants (e.g. mould), and second-hand tobacco smoke were the most assessed domestic environmental exposures. Childhood asthma (54%, n=24) and asthma symptoms (36%, n=16) were the most examined asthma related outcomes. The exposure most associated with adverse asthma outcomes was exposure to damp (79%, n=35). 13 studies (29%) had developed a self-reported instrument by adapting questions from previous studies and almost all instruments (n=42 studies, 95%) had not been validated.
Conclusions: The scoping review did not identify a comprehensive, validated self-reported questionnaire for assessing domestic environmental exposures in patients with asthma. There is need to develop and validate a robust but pragmatic self-reported instrument, incorporating the findings from this review.
Unveiling the Nexus between Attitudes Toward Sustainability Criteria and Climate Action Support: The Case of Highway Professionals
Authors: Dokyi George Okyere , Osei Kwame Kwakwa , Rotimi Funmilayo Ebun , Tookey John
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the relationship between highway professionals' attitudes toward sustainability criteria and their support for climate action in Ghana. Using structural equation modeling, two models were developed to examine bidirectional influences. The first model showed that economic factors and resource utilization significantly predicted climate action support. The second model revealed that climate action support positively influenced the perceived importance of all sustainability dimensions examined, including economic, environmental, technical, social, resource utilization, and project management aspects. The data were collected from 162 highway professionals in Ghana using a structured questionnaire. This study employed a two-step approach: confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for the measurement model and path analysis (PA) for the structural model. The following six sustainability dimensions were considered: economics, environment, technical aspects, project implementation, social equity and culture, and resource utilization. The results highlight the complex interplay between sustainability priorities and climate action in highway infrastructure development. Economic considerations and resource management practices emerged as key drivers of climate action support, while support for climate action positively influenced attitudes toward all sustainability dimensions. Surprisingly, the environmental, technical, social, and project management dimensions did not significantly predict climate action support in the first model. These findings can inform policies to promote climate-resilient and sustainable highway practices in developing countries by leveraging synergies and addressing potential trade-offs between climate goals and other sustainability objectives. This study contributes to the broader discussion on integrating climate action with sustainable development goals in the context of transportation infrastructure. It also provides insights for regulatory and policy development in developing countries for highway infrastructure design, construction, and management.
How many grades of response categories does the commitment to the profession of medicine scale provide the most information?
Authors: Tekin Murat , Toraman Çetin , Aytuğ Koşan Ayşen Melek
Published: August 2024

In the present study, we examined the psychometric properties of the data obtained from the Commitment to Profession of Medicine Scale (CPMS) with 4-point, 5-point, 6-point, and 7-point response sets based on Item Response Theory (IRT). A total of 2150 medical students from 16 different universities participated in the study. The participants were divided into four groups consisting of 560, 544, 502, and 544 medical students. The first group (n=560) was assigned four-point, the second group (n=544) five-point, the third group (n=502) six-point, and the fourth group (n=544) seven-point Likert forms. We used R statistical software to analyze the data. The results of item calibrations conducted with the Graded Response Model (GRM) were analyzed. The results show that the eigenvalue increased from 4-point to 7-point. Similarly, the explained variance percentage and the scale's reliability increased gradually from 4-point to 7-point. The explained variance, reliability level, and eigenvalue were very close in the 5-point and 6-point forms.
Adaptation of the quiet quitting scale for teachers to Turkish culture: An empirical psychometric investigation
Authors: Alanoğlu Müslim , Karabatak Songül , Uslukaya Alper , Kuloğlu Ayşenur
Published: August 2024

The study aims to introduce to the Turkish culture a measurement tool that has proven validity and reliability in determining the level of quiet quitting among teachers. It involves the analysis of the validity and reliability of the Quiet Quitting Scale, as the scale is adapted to the Turkish culture. The scale, originally developed in English, was adapted to Turkish using data from teachers employed in public schools who were selected through convenience sampling. Confirmatory factor analysis was initially used to assess the construct validity of the original structure of the scale within the Turkish context. The findings indicated a good fit to the four-factor model, supported by adequate factor loadings and fit indices, thus confirming the scale’s validity within the Turkish culture. Reliability evaluation included internal consistency coefficients, test-retest stability, and composite reliability, all exceeding the threshold values. The test-retest analysis confirmed the stability of the scale, while the composite reliability analysis further supported its reliability. Measurement invariance across gender and tenure was examined, confirming that the scale can provide reliable comparisons across these demographic groups. Overall, these results demonstrate the successful adaptation of the Quiet Quitting Scale to Turkish culture and are supported by strong evidence of its validity and reliability.
A invisibilidade do aquecimento global no planejamento regional: Propostas para o caso do Vale do Rio Pardo/RS
Authors: Brose Markus Erwin
Published: August 2024

Face à expansão do negacionismo climático como agenda política partidária, nesse ensaio contextualizamos a iniciativa de grupo de pesquisadores da Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul na formação de um Observatório Local de Inovação em Água e Clima. O impulso decorre da invisibilidade dos impactos do aquecimento global sobre o nexo água-alimento-energia no processo de atualização dos planos de desenvolvimento dos Conselhos Regionais de Desenvolvimento coordenado pela Secretaria Estadual de Planejamento, entre 2022/23. O referencial para essa iniciativa tem origem na rede universitária LatinoAdpata que visa fomentar a ampliação da resiliência regional. Com base na experiência de assessoria ao Conselho Regional de Desenvolvimento do Vale do Rio Pardo, entre 2015 e 2022, registramos que as políticas públicas estaduais permanecem setoriais e desconectadas quanto ao impacto das mudanças climáticas. Enfatizamos que o foco setorial reflete também, limitações internas à academia no trato interdisciplinar, contribuindo para a limitada visibilidade da mudança climática no debate público no Vale do Rio Pardo, quanto sua ausência na Política Estadual de Desenvolvimento Regional.
Atuação da assistente social no âmbito municipal do sistema único de assistência social na Região Centro Serra/RS
Authors: Matte Luciane , Glasenapp Sirlei , Lorenzi Junior David , Coelho Katiúcia Marques
Published: August 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo central, compreender a realidade dos assistentes sociais da região Centro Serra/RS e a sua atuação perante a política de assistência social através do SUAS (Sistema Único de Assistência Social). Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória com abordagem qualitativa com assistentes sociais que atuam em um período compreendido entre 6 a 10 anos nos municípios desta região. Os resultados evidenciam que existe uma fragilização na disponibilização de profissionais para contemplar as demandas sociais, ocasionando sobrecarga dos profissionais envolvidos. Da mesma forma, é possível observar a carência de recursos financeiros para atender a diversidade de situações, além de uma falta de conhecimento da política de assistência social operada através do SUAS, comprometendo o seu pleno funcionamento, em conjunto com as políticas de saúde e educação, que formam o tripé da seguridade social. Mas apesar desse contexto adverso, é proporcionado ao cidadão um atendimento qualificado, garantindo seu bem-estar e a autonomia para a conquista de seus direitos.
Geoparque Caçapava: Diagnósticos e percepções dos parceiros
Authors: Costa Ana Carolina Constante , Vieira Kelmara Mendes , Ferreira Patrícia de Freitas
Published: August 2024

Geoparques são áreas geográficas de relevância geologia internacional, com potencialidades de ascensão econômica e desenvolvimento sustentável. No Brasil, seis territórios já foram chancelados, sendo um deles o Geoparque de Caçapava, objeto deste estudo. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar um diagnóstico e identificar as percepções dos parceiros sobre o Geoparque. Como forma metodológica, criou-se um instrumento que serviu de guia para as entrevistas com os parceiros. Para análise foi utilizada estatística descritiva e análise fatorial exploratória. Foram entrevistados 59 parceiros do Geoparque. O diagnóstico revelou que a maioria dos parceiros são pequenos negócios que exercem atividades empreendedoras, com destaque para gastronomia e agricultura. Grande parte dos parceiros participa dos eventos, alguns geoprodutos já foram desenvolvidos, mas ainda não houve uma contratação significativa de funcionários ou aumento expressivo de produção. A pesquisa identificou ainda boas percepções sobre o Geoparque Caçapava, assim como pontos para melhorias, como infraestrutura, maior profissionalização da coordenadoria e precaução da pessoa jurídica.
Debt repayment practices among rural farmers: An Islamic economic perspective
Authors: Jannah Maulidatul , Rusdiana Rusdiana , Aisyah Lisda
Published: August 2024

This study focuses on the practice of debt repayment with rice in Martadah Village, Tambang Ulang District, Tanah Laut Regency, where the majority of the population are rice farmers. The primary aim of this study is to examine this practice from an Islamic economic perspective. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method involving observations, interviews, and documentation analysis related to the debt repayment practices in the village. The findings reveal that the debt repayment with rice often does not align with the qarḍ principles in Islamic economics, as the price of rice set by lenders is lower than the market price, causing losses to the farmers. The study also identifies the farmers’ dependency on capital owners and local community leaders, creating power dynamics and potential exploitation. Some cases show fairer practices consistent with qarḍ principles, where debt repayment is done at market prices without interest or additional profits. This study provides practical and theoretical contributions by emphasizing the importance of education and the application of Islamic economic principles to ensure fairness and social welfare in rural communitiesKeywords:   Islamic economics; qarḍ al-ḥasan; debt repayment; rural finance; rice loan practices.
Reconstructing zakat within sharia philanthropy
Authors: Pertiwi Hana Pertiwi, , Atika Atika , Abdillah Muhammad
Published: August 2024

The quality of a believer’s faith in Islam is evidenced through their interactions in a social context, with zakat being a critical religious duty that transcends mere ritualistic worship to embody profound social implications. This study explores the reconstruction of zakat within Sharia philanthropy to enhance its effectiveness in alleviating poverty and supporting sustainable welfare. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the research involves an extensive literature review and data analysis from various sources. Findings indicate that zakat, when managed properly, significantly improves the economic well-being of the ummah, particularly among the poor and the eight designated beneficiaries. The article identifies critical factors facilitating zakat reconstruction, such as legal frameworks, community engagement, and technological advancements. It also highlights the challenges in zakat management, including regulatory issues and inefficiencies in distribution. The implications of reconstructing zakat within Sharia philanthropy include enhanced transparency, efficiency, and impact on social welfare, transforming recipients from passive beneficiaries into active, productive community members. This article contributes to the discourse on Islamic social finance by proposing a structured approach to optimizing zakat practices, thereby aligning them with the aspirations of the Muslim community for equitable economic development.Keywords:   zakat; sharia philanthropy; poverty alleviation; Islamic social finance; community development.
https://medialing.ru/proekt-povorota-sibirskih-rek-dinamika-prezentacii-v-tekstah-sovetskih-smi/
Authors:   MGIMO University, Mukhortov Denis S. , Zhovner Elizaveta A. ,   MGIMO University
Published: August 2024

This article discusses how US and UK liberal media slowly but surely created a skewed representation of 45th US President Donald Trump. Asserting that the media are biase and the images of Donald Trump in print media show political slant of the newspapers, the research analyzes partisan media and image portraying words therein. Usage labels enable identification of the ever-powerful lexical instrument used by the media to create a distorted image of the politician and manipulate the citizens; therefore, the paper aims to analyze evaluative lexical items used in media texts to mould required images of Donald Trump. The research examines the articles on Donald Trump’s key activities in early 2020 in the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Guardian, and the Independent. The methodological framework includes the data of the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), which is evenly divided between the five genres of spoken discourse, fiction, popular magazines, newspapers, and academic journals. Analyzing words in terms of their usage frequency in each of these genres provides a clear picture of the target audience. The Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners provides the most precise and comprehensive classification of the style labels, including “formal”, “informal”, “literary”, “impolite”, “showing disapproval”, “journalism”, and “phrasal verbs”. This combination of the corpus-based approach and the dictionary-based approach resulted from the need to supplement the research with quantitative and qualitative data to study manifestations of political slant in the media holistically. Analyzing image portraying words in the media enables us to describe the key evaluative vocabulary, study Donald Trump’s profile and interpretations of his activities in the liberal media, identify political bias and distortion of facts in mass communications, and define new trends in journalism, medialinguistics, and political communication.