bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolic disorders in patients with Hypertensive Disease, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease separatly and in combination (reference review)
Authors: S. V. Biletskyi  , V. V. Boyko  , M. P. Sumariuk
Published: December 2021

Literature data devoted to metabolic disorders in patients with Hypertensive Disease, or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease separately and in combination were analyzed.
Antimicrobial agents in food products as a new threat of formation of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms
Authors: V. V. Patraboy  , D. V. Rotar
Published: December 2021

In the article theve have been discussed the main directions of use of antimicrobial agents in the food industry and the consequences of formation of reservoir of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms for the healthcare system. The main emphasis was made on the differences between the control of use of antibiotics in animal husbandry in the European Union, the USA and Ukraine, as well as the quality of informing healthcare services about detection of resistant strains of microorganisms.
Study of biophysical mechanisms of blood microcirculation and development of physical methods of its investigation from the standpoint of electromagnetism
Authors: M. V. Shaplavs’kyi  , T. M. Boichuk  , O. V. Gutsul  , V. V. Buzhdygan  , P. M. Hrygoryshyn  , L. Yu. Zavyansky  , O. Yu. Mykytiuk  , V. Z. Slobodian  , L. M. Shynkura
Published: December 2021

The paper provides a review of main results of the investigation of blood microcirculation conducted in accordance with the last decade’s scheduled research studies concerning biophysical mechanisms of blood microcirculation from point of view of its electromagnetic properties. The authors provide argumentation for development of principally new physical analyses of blood with the stress on its flow properties. Their approach is based on reproduction of in vivo conditions with recording of the change of electrical and magnetic properties of blood formed elements, their fluctuations under conditions of hormone control and free blood microcirculation.
Problems of preparing pharmacists on organic chemistry course for “Step 1. Pharmacy”
Authors: O. O. Perepelytsia  , A. M. Grozav
Published: December 2021

In this article problems of preparing pharmacists on organic chemistry for “Step 1. Pharmacy” are considered. Low success rates on the subject on the integrated licensing exam are explained by the students’ low initial level of knowledge on organic chemistry which is related to the insufficient quantity of teaching hours given to the subject by the III degree secondary schools’ standard level program. The strategy of gradual preparation of students-pharmacists to the exam is proposed.
О ПРОБЛЕМАХ ЗАРУБЕЖНОГО ПАТЕНТОВАНИЯ В ВУЗАХ. ОЦЕНКА ЦЕЛЕСООБРАЗНОСТИ ПРАВОВОЙ ОХРАНЫ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ ЗА РУБЕЖОМ С УЧЕТОМ ДЕЙСТВУЮЩИХ МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ СОГЛАШЕНИЙ
Authors: Журавлев Андрей , Дарина Ольга
Published: December 2021

В статье рассмотрены проблемные вопросы патентования объектов интеллектуальной собственности, созданных в Российской Федерации, за рубежом, в свете решения задач, стоящих перед Правительством России, федеральными органами исполнительной власти, научным и инженерным сообществом. Представлены статистические данные о месте Российской Федерации в международной патентной системе с акцентом на вклад, который вносят организации научного и образовательного профиля. Описаны меры государственной поддержки зарубежного патентования, а также возможности и преимущества использования международных договоров Российской Федерации в этой сфере.
生物醫學技術發展應該改變14天法則限制嗎？
Authors: WANG Hongqi
Published: December 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

Developments in research have made culturing human embryos beyond the 14-day limit seem technologically feasible. In the article “Emerging Human Embryo Research Technologies, the 14-day Rule, and the Special Status of the Embryo,” the authors examine a proposal for new human embryo and embryoid research guidelines by reviewing the history of the 14-day limit and emerging areas of research that are impacted by these guidelines. However, as noted by the authors, changes in science policy should not be developed solely by scientists. Instead, policy development should reflect the reality of science as a public endeavor. After 40 years of consensus, any attempts to revoke the 14-day limit on the in vitro culturing of human embryos should rely on public and stakeholder engagement.
“超人類主義”是主體形而上學的新形式
Authors: SHI Xianming
Published: December 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

Transhumanism is a contemporary form of Western “subject metaphysics” that combines the dual elements of Cartesianism and Nietzsche's “metaphysics of will.” The essence of Eros is the human desire for totality, which is interlinked with the secret desire for today's “human enhancement” technology. The Confucian idea of “the unity of heaven and man”（天人合一）can solve many problems in the debate between biological conservatism and bioprogressivism. The ideological foundation of this idea in Laozi's and Zhuangzi's thought should be taken seriously. Recognition of human limitations is an important aspect of traditional Confucian—Taoist wisdom, but human enhancement technology is in essence a tool for “excessive reduction”.
態度、原則與方法：儒家對後人類未來監管可能的貢獻
Authors: PAN Xinli
Published: December 2021

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

Human beings are facing problems entailed by the development and application of human enhancement technology. Confucianism and transhumanism respond to these problems in fundamentally different ways. Confucianism calls for a “careful attitude”, makes use of an “adaptable method”, and bases on the principle that technology is a tool for human continuity and development. Such an attitude, principle and method may represent the contribution of Confucianism to our supervision of Posthuman future.
PENGARUH PARTISIPASI PENYUSUNAN ANGGARAN DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJERIAL PADA PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA VIII
Authors: Saleh Rahmat , Lili Dahliani  , Rifa Rusiva
Published: December 2021

PT Perkebunan Nusantara VIII is a state-owned plantation engaged in the Agribusiness and Agro-Industry sectors.. The budget preparation process that involves subordinates can improve the performance of subordinates in achieving budget targets. Participatory budgets can be carried out to achieve budget targets by negotiating between superiors and subordinates. In addition to being measured by employees and the cultural linkages attached to them, organizational success can also be seen from the overall performance of the organization. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of budgetary participation and organizational culture on managerial performance. The total population of this study was 23 PTPN VIII tea gardens in West Java. Respondents in this study were garden managers, assistant heads, assistants, and large foremen of PTPN VIII (Persero) who were involved in the participation process (proposing and or implementing) the budget with a total sample of 63 respondents selected through purposive sampling. testing the quality of the data used is the validity and reliability of the data. The classical assumptions used are normality test, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity test. Model analysis uses multiple linear regression is used to analyze data with the help of the SPSS.23.0 program. The results showed that budget participation had a significant effect on managerial performance and organizational culture had a significant effect on managerial performance.
Mirror data asymmetry in international trade by commodity group: the case of intra-Community trade
Authors: Markowicz Iwona , Baran Paweł
Published: December 2021

Research background: Transactions in international trade of goods are recorded in two sources, on the side of the seller's country and on the side of the buyer's country. The confrontation of such data makes it possible to measure their quality. An inconsistency between the data is called mirror data asymmetry. Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to adapt the methods developed by the Authors to study mirror data asymmetry to commodity group markets examination. The quality of data on trade within specific commodity groups (CN chapters) in intra-Community trade was compared. The data were aggregated by country. The indicators used allow for the indication of commodity groups with high mirror data compatibility and those with data asymmetry between intra-Community supplies (ICS) and acquisitions (ICA). Moreover, the commodity groups for which the value-based and quantity-based approaches give different results have been identified. Methods: Based on the literature on the subject and their own research, the Authors have developed a group of methods for studying the asymmetry of mirror data. The proposed indicator formulas are based on various data aggregation approaches. The research used data on intra-Community supplies and acquisitions of goods broken down into 97 chapters of the Combined Nomenclature (CN). Differences between the ICS and ICA in particular commodity groups were aggregated for all pairs of EU countries. The data comes from the Comext database, provided by Eurostat. Findings & value added: The results of the analysis are rankings of the Combined Nomenclature (CN) chapters by the quality of data on ICS and ICA. Lists of CN chapters have been created for discrepancies both in value and weight of goods. Thus, areas of necessary intensification of the work of public statistics services to improve data reliability were identified.
ESG factors as tool for forming business reputation
Authors: Belayeva Irina Yur'evna , Kozlova Nadezhda Pavlovna , Danilova Olga Viktorovna
Published: December 2021

The article focuses on the ESG factors determining the activities of most companies in recent years. The relationship between ESG principles and the business reputation of a modern company has been indicated. Business reputation is found to be formed under the influence of a number of factors, among which a responsible attitude to the environment, social responsibility and the quality of corporate governance have come out in the first place in recent years. The analysis proved that the ESG principles are firmly entrenched abroad, the number of companies with an ESG rating is growing exponentially, and their profitability is increasing. It has been stated that the Russian business has not yet included ESG principles as mandatory parameters of active investment strategies. The emphasis is put on the relationship with stakeholders, since it is the stakeholders who evaluate the company's activities from the standpoint of the degree of satisfaction of their needs. The conducted analysis has proved that an assessment includes not only profit maximization and dividend growth, but also the results of social and environmentally responsible practices of companies. It has been inferred that there is a relationship between the sustainable development of the company, its business reputation, the creation of ethical values and taking into account the interests of stakeholders in the company's strategy. It is emphasized that ESGs become an instrument of active investment strategies and a tool that determines the business reputation of the company. The practice of responsible ESG investment has been illustrated, the role of institutional investors in the dissemination of this practice has been highlighted.
Business crisis against COVID-19 pandemic background
Authors: Petrenko Tatyana Victorovna , Zimovets Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Published: December 2021

The coronavirus infection COVID-19, which swept the world in early 2020, has caused crisis phenomena in all economic segments. Small and medium-sized businesses appeared the most affected. Based on the study and generalization of analytical materials and approximation of statistical data, the most significant problems of both economic and socio-psychological level affecting the business community were identified, solving them can improve the efficiency of the labor activity. The crisis of entrepreneurship is a reaction of society to the changes that took place in the business environment, it is associated with contradictions arising between the need to defeat the COVID-19 pandemic and the eagerness to save small and medium-sized businesses. It has been inferred that the intermediate consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have intensified the already existing negative effects of the crisis in the labor sector, which is most clearly manifested in the regional context. The dynamics of changes in the number of unemployed in the Russian Federation as a whole and in the Rostov region in particular is illustrated. The graph of changes in the number of registered small and medium-sized businesses in Russia is presented. Solving the problem requires a significant adjustment of the actions taken at the government level aimed at overcoming crisis situations both in the field of employment and unemployment, and support for entrepreneurship in general. Measures to solve the problems of the entrepreneurs and their employees have been proposed.
Translations of Novels in the Romanian Culture during the Interwar Period and WWII (1918-1944): A Quantitative Perspective
Authors:   Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Baghiu Ștefan
Published: December 2021

This article continues the quantitative analysis of translations of novels in Romania for the 1918-1944 period. Baghiu discusses the decay of the French novel (from almost 70% of the total of translated novels during the long 19th century to almost 43% during the interwar period), and the case of two competitors in the second line of translations (American and Russian). The article turns then to the European and Global peripheries from the perspective of the colonial ‘20s and ‘30s, and discusses the eco narratives of the Nordic novel, and the identity function of the Asian novel within this translationscape.
Challenging the Roma Structural Discrimination: Deterritorialization Practices in Romanian Cinema
Authors:   Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, Mitroiu Simona
Published: December 2021

This paper examines the cinematographic reworking of memory spaces associated with power relations and structural injustice. The way in which space is represented and used as a medium that reflects power relations allows to question the space itself in cultural productions from Central-Eastern Europe when associated with Romani people (space and power relations, memory of slavery and discrimination, space and freedom, territoriality, space and its inhabitants, non-belonging, segregation, etc.). The paper focuses on motion pictures produced in the last decade in Romania, a prolific period due to the increasing interest for memory activism and to the multiplication of the cultural exploration of challenging topics. It aims to identify narrative, visual, and aesthetic expressions used as deterritorialization practices to stimulate relational remembrance and engagement with ongoing social inequality and structural injustice. Two short films – Alina Șerban’ s Bilet de iertare (Letter of forgiveness) and Adrian Silișteanu’s Scris/Nescris (Written/Unwritten) – and a western type film – Radu Jude’s Aferim!, winner of the Silver Bear for Best director at Berlinale in 2015, are analysed here.
The Untranslatables of World Theory. A Geopolitical Outlook
Authors:   Babes-Bolyai University, Goldiș Alex
Published: December 2021

The paper investigates the cultural transfers and translations of the term ‟theory”, as instrumented in some of the most influential anthologies of the past decades. It puts forward the argument that while in literature per se a widening of the canon has been produced, ‟theory” remains a term charged with high hegemonical presumptions. Therefore, it pleads for a non-hierarchical and practical conception of theory, that can account for the large variety of non-Western literary phenomena.
La Respuesta Jurídica de la Unión Europea ante las Migraciones Climáticas. ¿Es Suficiente?
Authors: Salvador Gimeno Santiago
Published: December 2021

Pese a la existencia de algunos esfuerzos que se vienen desarrollando a nivel internacional, europeo y nacional a la hora de reducir la emisión de gases efecto invernadero y abordar los efectos negativos derivados del cambio climático, se prevé que el avance del mismo origine desplazamientos poblacionales tanto a nivel interno como a nivel transfronterizo en un futuro próximo. Es probable que ello intensifique los flujos migratorios hacia países europeos principalmente provenientes de las rutas del mediterráneo occidental, oriental y central, así como del atlántico desde la zona del norte de África. Ante esta circunstancia conviene reflexionar si el Derecho de la Unión Europea proporciona soluciones adecuadas que se adapten a esta realidad incipiente proporcionando un marco de protección para esta nueva categoría de migrantes, o si, por el contrario, es preciso adoptar un nuevo marco normativo que aborde de forma específica ésta cuestión
Ricardo Martín de la Guardia y Guillermo Á. Pérez Sánchez (dirs.) La integración europea e iberoamericana II: las relaciones de la Unión Europea (UE) y el Mercado Común del Sur (MERCOSUR) con el Sistema de Integración Centroamericano (SICA), Thomson Reute
Authors: Diez-Astrain Xavier María
Published: December 2021

Resumen
Neuro herramientas: Diseño y espacio
Authors:   , Gutiérrez Felipe de Jesús
Published: December 2021

Cada vez más empresas se interesan en analizar el cerebro y sus estímulos, si bien los avances tecnológicos han modificado sustancialmente los medios y las herramientas en la práctica del diseño, los avances científicos podrían transformar los planteamientos metodológicos y teóricos de esta disciplina. Un ejemplo puede ser la neurociencia, que es el estudio del sistema nervioso Por otro lado, si se suman los avances científicos en lo que respecta a la percepción cerebral para potenciar el éxito de un elemento, se estará apoyando al diseñador en su labor, y esta será la directriz de la presente investigación. Los estímulos que generan los productos en los usuarios son un valor agregado al diseño, es por ello, que, desde la fase conceptual y proyectual, se debe prestar especial atención a dichas características, tomando esto en consideración, se busca adicionar la información obtenida por la neurociencia para aplicarla al diseño, y hacer de este un desarrollo más completo y eficaz.
Da criatividade sequestrada à criatividade socialmente referenciada:
Authors: De Melo Alessandro , Ribeiro Débora
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste texto é discutir sobre o que denominamos “sequestro da criatividade”, em que a formação escolar se resume a objetivos pragmáticos de cunho individualista. Perfil a ser formado conforme a proposta da BNCC, por meio das habilidades e competências, ou seja, de acordo com os interesses do mercado mundial. Adotamos o conceito de criatividade como paradigma social da criatividade, entendida como algo não apenas psicológico, mas social, voltado para a resolução de problemas sociais. Trazemos a experiência da Escuelita Zapatista como exemplo de educação, onde a criatividade é desenvolvida a partir desse paradigma. Como conclusão, apontamos a possibilidade de construir alternativas de formação humana vinculadas à vida e ao coletivo, superando o eurocentrismo, a competitividade e o individualismo.
Mise à l’essai d’un scénario de formation, composé d’exercices d’improvisation, visant le développement d’habiletés interactives chez des enseignant∙e∙s en insertion professionnelle
Authors: Pelletier Jean-Pierre
Published: December 2021

Le présent article traite d’une recherche qualitative-interprétative (Savoie-Zajc, 2018), réalisée selon une approche collaborative (Desgagné, 2001) avec des enseignant∙e∙s en insertion professionnelle du Québec (Canada). L’étude met à l’essai un scénario de formation composé d’exercices d’improvisation visant le développement d’habiletés interactives de gestion de classe (Pelletier, 2017). En plus de permettre la mise à jour d’un micro-référentiel d’habiletés interactives, l’analyse des activités réflexives de groupe permet de documenter la perception qu’ont les enseignant∙e∙s de leurs habiletés interactives ainsi que les exercices les plus efficaces pour les développer.
Faciliter l’autorégulation de l’enseignement
Authors: Alvarez Lionel , Cuko Kostanca , Boéchat-Heer Stéphanie , Coen Pierre-François
Published: December 2021

Un·e enseignant·e universitaire qui souhaite réguler ses pratiques professionnelles pour répondre aux besoins des apprenant·e·s est parfois en déficit d’informations pour identifier les actions à entreprendre. Afin de permettre de dépasser son ressenti et ses propres impressions, deux Hautes Écoles pédagogiques de Suisse romande ont développé un outil numérique nommé OURA, qui a pour but de soutenir la régulation des activités d’enseignement/apprentissage au niveau universitaire. Cet article expose les fondements théoriques qui étayent son développement : d’abord les démarches de data-based decision-making et d’analytique de l’enseignement, puis les fondements théoriques des différents domaines et dimensions pris en compte dans l’outil.
“So I had to give it up”: The role of social support for career persistence or attrition in a qualitative sample of second career teachers
Authors: Bauer Catherine , Trösch Larissa Maria , Aksoy Dilan
Published: December 2021

This qualitative study uses the Job Demands-Resources framework to examine social support and its role in career retention or attrition among Swiss second career teachers (SCTs). In many countries, including Switzerland, great efforts are made to bring professionals from other occupational fields into teaching. As a result, the number of SCTs is growing, as are speculations about their skills, resources, and career persistence. A qualitative content analysis of 23 semi-structured interviews shows that support from colleagues and principals is a crucial job resource for SCTs, but seems to be positively associated with work engagement and career retention only if it is offered in forms that are sensitive to SCTs’ own needs and skills. Implications for SCT training and job induction are discussed.
Bacterial culture and immunohistochemical detection of bacteria and endotoxin in cats with suppurative cholangitis-cholangiohepatitis syndrome
Authors: Center Sharon A. , Randolph John F. , Warner Karen L. , McDonough Sean P. , Lucy John M. , Sapa Kirk C.
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

To characterize the frequency and type of bacterial infection by culture- and immunohistochemical (IHC)-based methods and determine the impact of infection on clinical features and survival time in cats with suppurative cholangitis-cholangiohepatitis syndrome (S-CCHS).

ANIMALS

168 client-owned cats with S-CCHS (cases).

PROCEDURES

Clinical features, bacterial culture results, culture-inoculate sources, and survival details were recorded. Cases were subcategorized by comorbidity (extrahepatic bile duct obstruction, cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, ductal plate malformation, biopsy-confirmed inflammatory bowel disease, and biopsy-confirmed pancreatitis) or treatment by cholecystectomy or cholecystoenterostomy. Culture results, bacterial isolates, Gram-stain characteristics, and IHC staining were compared among comorbidities. Lipoteichoic acid IHC staining detected gram-positive bacterial cell wall components, and toll-like receptor expression IHC reflected pathologic endotoxin (gram-negative bacteria) exposure.

RESULTS

Clinical features were similar among cases except for more frequent abdominal pain and lethargy in cats with positive culture results and pyrexia, abdominal pain, and hepatomegaly for cats with polymicrobial infections. Bacteria were cultured in 93 of 135 (69%) cats, with common isolates including Enterococcus spp and Escherichia coli. IHC staining was positive in 142 of 151 (94%) cats (lipoteichoic acid, 107/142 [75%]; toll-like receptor 4, 99/142 [70%]). With in-parallel interpretation of culture and IHC-based bacterial detection, 154 of 166 (93%) cats had bacterial infections (gram-positive, 118/154 [77%]; gram-negative, 111/154 [72%]; polymicrobial, 79/154 [51%]). Greater frequency of bacterial isolation occurred with combined tissue, bile, and crushed cholelith inoculates. Infection and gram-positive bacterial isolates were associated with significantly shorter long-term survival times.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

S-CCHS was associated with bacterial infection, pathologic endotoxin exposure, and frequent polymicrobial infection in cats. Combined tissue inoculates improved culture detection of associated bacteria.
Clinical features, concurrent disorders, and survival time in cats with suppurative cholangitis-cholangiohepatitis syndrome
Authors: Center Sharon A. , Randolph John F. , Warner Karen L. , Flanders James A. , Harvey H. Jay
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

To characterize clinical features, comorbidities, frequency of bacterial isolation, and survival time in cats with suppurative cholangitis-cholangiohepatitis syndrome (S-CCHS).

ANIMALS

168 client-owned cats with S-CCHS.

PROCEDURES

Data were prospectively (1980 to 2019) collected regarding clinical features, comorbidities, bacterial infection, illness duration, and treatments. Variables were evaluated for associations with survival time.

RESULTS

Median age of cats was 10.0 years, with no breed or sex predilection observed. Common clinical features included hyporexia (82%), hyperbilirubinemia (80%), lethargy (80%), vomiting (80%), jaundice (67%), weight loss (54%), and hypoalbuminemia (50%). Comorbidities included extrahepatic bile duct obstruction (53%), cholelithiasis (42%), cholecystitis (40%), and ductal plate malformation (44%) as well as biopsy-confirmed inflammatory bowel disease (60/68 [88%]) and pancreatitis (41/44 [93%]). Bacterial cultures were commonly positive (69%) despite prebiopsy antimicrobial administration in most cats. Of surgically confirmed choleliths, diagnostic imaging identified only 58%. Among 55 cats with “idiopathic pancreatitis,” 28 (51%) were documented to have transiting choleliths, and 20 had pancreatic biopsies confirming pancreatitis. Cholelithiasis (with or without bile duct obstruction) and cholecystectomy were associated with survival advantages. Survival disadvantages were found for leukocytosis, ≥ 2-fold increased alkaline phosphatase, and hyperbilirubinemia. Cholecystoenterostomy had no survival impact. Cats with ductal plate malformations were significantly younger at diagnosis and death than other cats. Chronic treatments with antimicrobials, S-adenosylmethionine, and ursodeoxycholic acid were common postbiopsy.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

S-CCHS in cats was associated with bacterial infection and various comorbidities and may be confused with pancreatitis. Surgically correctable morbidities (ie, cholecystitis, cholecystocholelithiasis) and cholecystectomy provided a significant survival advantage.
Challenges in sustaining resilience in the coastal settlements of south-eastern Bangladesh: Achieving self-sustenance through architectural synthesis
Authors: Sohaana Anika Imraana , Rahman Md Arifur
Published: December 2021

The coastal settlements in Bangladesh experienced recurring tropical cyclones and tidal surges in recent history because of geographical influences and global climate change. Despite improved evacuation management and adequate cyclone shelters patronized by donors, lately resulting in a reduced mortality rate, the property and economic losses were still substantial due to vulnerability of the settlements. As the short-term adaptative approaches such as migrating to the closest cyclone shelters have failed to sustain resilience, comprehensive and inclusive mitigation planning should be implemented to achieve more resilience in the long term. The research aimed to revise the conventional culturally-void concept and propose a prolonged solution by planning a self-sustained model of the cyclone-resilient village for the south-western coastal communities of Bangladesh. Initially, it searched for the identification and analysis of socio-cultural, economic, and environmental challenges in sustaining community resilience and later synthesizing architectural interventions to achieve self-sustenance. The synthesis focused on reducing the vulnerability of the coastal communities by enhancing their preparedness, resistance, and recovery from the prolonged impacts of coastal disasters through designing structurally and environmentally resilient homesteads, defensive landscape plans, and socioeconomic-communal development. The ultimate proposal offers more flexibility in selecting homesteads according to suitable materials, affordability, and profession.
Restorations in post-war period
Authors: Jelínková Martina
Published: December 2021

The choice of the monument care methodology depends not only on the preference of the author of the restoration or the opinion of a professional monument commission, but also on the state in which the historic building is and historical stages it developed through. After the Second World War, much of the architectural historical heritage in the territory of the former Czechoslovakia was devastated, and the then professional society faced challenges of how to restore and preserve these destroyed buildings. The following article explains the starting points and selected methods of post-war monument care on the example of three churches in the former Czechoslovakia. Buildings selected for comparison originated in approximately the same epoch, underwent a rather complex building developments, and the extent of their damage was also similar. Specifically, we focus on the Church of St. Catherine of Alexandria in Handlová, the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary in Bíňa and the Church of the Virgin Mary and the Holy Slavic Patrons in Prague. Although the three compared cases show similarities, different restoration methodologies were used. The majority opinion of the then professional public tended towards reconstructing historic buildings to the state before their destruction, as is also evident in the cases being compared. Nevertheless, each of the churches is restored with some deviations from the original condition. In the case of the church in Bíňa, we follow traces of a purist reconstruction, in Prague we witness a restoration by indicative reconstruction, also applied in Handlová, where, moreover, the methodology of reconstruction to the state before destruction was completely abandoned. Our ambition is to point out the diversity of opinion in the care of monuments, which at that time saw a change in paradigm and began to accept authors’ new inputs while preserving the historical essence of the building.
Histopathological comparison of the salivary glands’ acini and striated ducts after experimental prolonged daily administration of oral ubiquinone doses in rats
Authors: Abdullah Ali Ghanim , Sedeeq Ban Ismael , Azzubaidi Marwan Saad
Published: December 2021

Also called coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), Ubiquinone is a vitamin-like endogenously produced factor essential for Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) mitochondrial production. Several research studies have reported that the exogenous supplementation of CoQ10 can lead to excessive salivation, especially in patients complaining of dry mouth. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of long-term daily use of CoQ10 on the salivary glands in experimental animals by comparing the diameters of the glandular acini and striated ducts of a CoQ10-treated group and a control group. Twenty-five white albino rats were randomly divided into two groups; the control group consisted of 10 rats, while the CoQ10-treated group comprised 15 rats. The latter received daily oral treatment of 300 mg/kg CoQ10 for six weeks. Samples of the parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands were then dissected and examined histologically for comparative measurement of the diameters of the glands’ acini and striated ducts. The CoQ10 treated group had mean diameters of the serous acini for the parotid (79.8±11.2 μm) and submandibular (81.07±13.5 μm) glands that were significantly higher (P<0.05) than their diameters in the control group (67.5±8.4 μm and 73.3±13.8 μm), respectively. However, the difference was not statistically significant when comparing the diameters of striated ducts of the CoQ10-treated group and the control group. Continuous and prolonged exposure to exogenous ubiquinone may cause hypertrophic dilation of the acini within the salivary glands, namely the parotid and submandibular glands, which might be the underlying mechanism for excessive salivation. This can be considered a reversible adaptive response.
The role of leptin in patients recovering from Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Rząd Zuzanna , Rog Joanna
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a mental disorder with the highest death rate. The characteristic feature of AN is endocrine dysregulations, including changes in adipose-tissue secreted hormones, especially adipokines. The most widely studied of them is leptin whose role in the pathophysiology and prognosis of AN is confirmed in more and more studies. The aim of the study was to summarize the role of endocrine disruptions with particular emphasis on leptin in the pathophysiology of AN.

Material and methods: For the literature review, the electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane and Google Scholar search were used with the following keywords: eating disorders, adipokines, leptin, metreleptin, satiety, hunger, anorexia, obesity, for studies listed from database inception to October 2021.

Results: Leptin, produced mainly by white adipose tissue, inhibits the hunger center in the hypothalamus by negative feedback with ghrelin secreted by the gastrointestinal tract. Leptin is involved in numerous biological functions, including body weight regulation, innate and adaptive immunity regulation, reproduction, and bone formation. Studies confirm decreased leptin levels in AN individuals. In recent years, extensive experience has been gained with leptin as a drug in clinical trials. The studies suggested that treatment can restore menstrual function and bone health and improve mood with unclear body weight effects.

Conclusions: Focusing on leptin-related changes is a promising approach to improve AN management. Assessment of leptin levels in AN patients could be a useful tool for therapy monitoring. Treatment with leptin could reverse unfavourable changes induced by diet restriction, including mood symptoms, loss of bone mass and menstrual function. However, the results of these studies need confirmation on larger groups of patients.
The Basics of a Mobile Money-Based Financial Service: Perceptions of University Students in Nigeria
Authors: Nwankwo Cosmas Anayochukwu , Kanyangale MacDonald Isaac , Abugu James Okechukwu
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this quantitative research was to investigate the basis and perception of mobile money (MM) service among Nigerian university students. The paper adopted a positivistic ontology and descriptive survey design. Two hundred and fifty students from five universities in the southeast geopolitical zone of Nigeria were sampled. Results showed that perceived ease of use (PEOU), perceived usefulness (PU), perceived credibility (PCRED), and perceived risk (PR) had significant and positive relationship with behavioral intention. Given the results, these four fundamental issues must be central to inclusive mobile money-based financial service for Nigerian university students. The adoption of the technology acceptance model (TAM) by mobile network operators (MNO) and banks is critical to ensure acceptance of innovative and inclusive mobile-based financial service and success in the university student market.
Estimation of heart rate variability from finger photoplethysmography during rest, mild exercise and mild mental stress
Authors: Singstad Bjørn-Jostein , Azulay Naomi , Bjurstedt Andreas , Bjørndal Simen S. , Drageseth Magnus F. , Engeset Peter , Eriksen Kari , Gidey Muluberhan Y. , Granum Espen O. , Greaker Matias G. , Grorud Amund , Hewes Sebastian O. , Hou Jie , Llop Recha Adrián M. , Matre Christoffer , Seputis Arnoldas , Sørensen Simen E. , Thøgersen Vegard , Joten Vegard Munkeby , Tronstad Christian , Martinsen Ørjan G.
Published: December 2021

Due to the possibilities in miniaturization and wearability, photoplethysmography (PPG) has recently gained a large interest not only for heart rate measurement, but also for estimating heart rate variability, which is derived from ECG by convention. The agreement between PPG and ECG-based HRV has been assessed in several studies, but the feasibility of PPG-based HRV estimation is still largely unknown for many conditions. In this study, we assess the feasibility of HRV estimation based on finger PPG during rest, mild physical exercise and mild mental stress. In addition, we compare different variants of signal processing methods including selection of fiducial point and outlier correction. Based on five minutes synchronous recordings of PPG and ECG from 15 healthy participants during each of these three conditions, the PPG-based HRV estimation was assessed for the SDNN and RMSSD parameters, calculated based on two different fiducial points (foot point and maximum slope), with and without outlier correction. The results show that HRV estimation based on finger PPG is feasible during rest and mild mental stress, but can give large errors during mild physical exercise. A good estimation is very dependent on outlier correction and fiducial point selection, and SDNN seems to be a more robust parameter compared to RMSSD for PPG-based HRV estimation.
Theology of Hope Amidst the World’s Fears
Authors: Zaluchu Sonny Eli
Published: December 2021

Fear is a social phenomenon that develops in people facing a crisis, such as a pandemic. For instance, the entire world is currently exposed to Covid-19 pandemic, causing great fear. In the Bible, Jesus’ disciples were terrified of sinking in their boat during a storm. Although these two scenarios are different, the response is the same. Fear produces stress and anxiety disorders when not appropriately managed. This paper examines the causes of fear and how they can be addressed. Specifically, the study involves determining the cause of fear and proposing a strategy based on Hope, as described by Erich in the book Revolution of Hope which positively correlates with building fortitude and endurance. Surrendering or persisting is a dialectical choice, though theology fear does not give chances. Instead, Humans only survive by depending on God. This research was involved literature reviews by utilizing reference sources, including books, journal articles, and other scientific content.
Influence of Recreational, Landscape and Protective Functions on the Value of Forest, Wooded and Bushy Properties in Urbanized Areas on the Example of the Local Market of the City of Krakow
Authors: Zygmunt Robert , Gaca Radosław
Published: December 2021

The paper presents a proposal for an approach to the valuation of forest, wooded and bushy real estate located in cities, which allows for the assessment of the impact of natural, protective and landscape factors on the value of this type of real estate. The main problem in the valuation of this type of real estate is the correct estimation of the impact on the value of the non-production factors described above. Considering the above, the main goal of the study was to identify the factors influencing the prices and value of forested, wooded and shrubby properties located in urbanized areas. The supplementary goal was to confirm the suitability of the methods and statistical models used in the study for similar measurements. By implementing the adopted goals, the article presents an analysis of the impact of these factors on the prices and value of real estate. The study covered the southwest part of the city of Kraków, located between the Vistula River and the Kraków-Rzeszów railway line in the north and east, and the southern and western border of the city. Urban forests perform mainly social functions, constituting only a marginal source of wood raw material. The results of the study showed that, in the case of similar properties, prices are significantly influenced by factors such as location, type and nature of the surroundings, form of access to the road, landscape and recreational values, manner of use and development status, as well as the permissible form of development, which is a measure of the profitability of timber production. The work ended with a discussion on the results and proposed directions for further research.
The Effect of Hybrid Attributes on Property Prices
Authors: Copiello Sergio , Cecchinato Filippo , Haj Salih Mohammed
Published: December 2021

This study focuses on the sales comparison and the adjustment grid methods, under the framework of the market approach to valuation. The literature mostly focuses on the structural qualities of the properties, referring to the buildings and their locational characteristics, which pertain to their positioning within the urban fabric. Here we focus on a particular set of attributes which depend on how a building is placed in a specific land plot and relate to the surrounding environment. The term «hybrid» is used to identify this class of attributes. It is shown that hybrid attributes affect property prices and should not be disregarded by practitioners and appraisers. The role played by hybrid characteristics is analyzed based on the methodological foundation of the hedonic and the adjustment grid methods. The derived linear and log-linear models are tested by means of a case study. The models prove to have high explanatory power. The weight of each hybrid attribute is estimated to vary between 1% and 10%. Overall, these attributes contribute to 17-23% of the property prices. The validation performed using the grid adjustment method shows that the estimated marginal prices are effective in adjusting the prices per unit area of the comparables.
Bioresource Value Model. Case of Fisheries
Authors: Zihare Lauma , Indzere Zane , Patel Nidhiben , Feofilovs Maksims , Blumberga Dagnija
Published: December 2021

The awareness of bioeconomy role within currently set EU policy targets towards zero carbon emissions and its contribution to achieving the sustainable development goals has been increasing during the last decade. However, it is not always straightforward how the development scenarios for bioeconomy can be evaluated on national level. Moreover, the large number of factors affecting the development of bioconomy is hard to evaluate altogether. Therefore, this study reviews currently available tools for bioresource value modelling in order to select an approach that is suitable for modelling different scenarios of bioeconomy development. As a result of the review, the study presents a methodology, which allows to estimate how higher added values of bioresource products can be achieved in different bioeconomy sectors. The concept of model is tested within a case study of fisheries sector in Latvia. The results of case study show economically viable scenario for added value target set for 2030. The concept of model is found to be adequate, and the use of the defined methodology is appropriate for bioresource value modelling.
Botanic Garden Profile Gullele Botanic Garden, Addis Ababa (Ethiopia): Current status, Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Seta Talemos , Belay Birhanu
Published: December 2021

Gullele Botanic Garden (GBG) was founded through a joint venture between Addis Ababa University and Addis Ababa City Government. Since its establishment in 2010, it has developed its infrastructure and carried out a range of activities related to plant conservation, research, environmental education and ecotourism in line with its vision and mission. Key activities described in this paper are the five different uses of GBG land; the installation of a weather station; and the construction of a mini-greenhouse for plant acclimatisation, the multipurpose Agora II (an eco-friendly building with a green roof), a thematic garden and a nursery. The lists of endemic plants (65), large mammals (11) and endemic bird species recorded are presented in Appendices I, II and III respectively. The main activities and works carried out by GBG are not yet widely known to local and international communities. Through describing the garden’s current status, challenges and opportunities, this paper aims to increase awareness among the scientific community and more widely of GBG’s activities and intentions for protecting Ethiopia’s flora.
Рецензия на монографию Шнекендорфа З.К. Путеводитель по Конвенции о правах ребенка (М., 2001г.)
Authors: Кукушкина А. В.
Published: December 2021

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Йонас Бергхольцас. Морское право (публичное): учебное пособие. Рига. 1997
Authors: Сорокин А. В.
Published: December 2021

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Международное право как диалог и столкновение цивилизаций
Authors: Рогожин С. Л.
Published: December 2021

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Европейское гражданство и решение вопросов национальной, социальной и культурной политики в рамках коммунитарных структур Европейского Союза
Authors: Смирнова Е. С. , Смирнов М. Г.
Published: December 2021

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С.А. ТЕПЛОУХОВ И ГЕРО ФОН МЕРГАРТ: ДИАЛОГ ДЛИНОЮ В ВЕК
Authors: Детлова Екатерина Владимировна
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена диалогу двух ведущих археологов-сибиреведов 1920-х гг. С.А. Теплоухова и Геро фон Мергарта. Общение ученых, к сожалению, непродолжительное (оно ограничилось двумя личными встречами в 1920–1921 гг. и шестью письмами 1920–1929 гг.), тем не менее, было плодотворным. Итогом его стало создание С.А. Теплоуховым известной хронологической схемы древних культур Южной Сибири, которая в общих чертах остается актуальной и сегодня. Российско-германское сотрудничество, начатое учеными летом 1920 г., продолжилось в совместной работе их учеников. Отголоски этих контактов дошли до наших дней.
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