bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Luces y sombras en la jurisprudencia: la invocación del elemento espiritual de la tierra de la Comunidades Indígenas
Authors: Iglesias Vázquez Maria del Angel
Published: May 2022

El trabajo “Luces y sombras en la jurisprudencia: la invocación del elemento espiritual de la tierra de las Comunidades Indígenas” analiza y trata de poner de relieve la diferencia habida entre los pronunciamientos de las instancias regionales americana, europea y africana ante las cuales, las comunidades indígenas (CCII) han acudido cuando se ha producido la vulneración de sus derechos, en concreto el de la propiedad de las tierras ancestrales cuya dimensión y significado no sólo es material sino eminentemente espiritual. A fin de llegar a la conclusión que da título al trabajo se estudian las peticiones y consiguientes decisiones de las cortes regionales desde la década de los ochenta del pasado siglo XX hasta la actualidad, si bien inevitablemente en el caso europeo se mencionan las tomadas localmente y por el Comité de Derechos Humanos de la ONU. La presente aportación tiene ante todo un propósito comparativo entre cortes regionales y así, si en los asuntos planteados por los samis en sede judicial europea una sombra parece cernirse en la jurisprudencia regional, una luz aparece en las instancias africana e interamericana. El elemento espiritual de la tierra es una constante en las peticiones y decisiones que las CCII han planteado en estas dos sedes regionales, lo que contrasta con las presentadas ante el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos. Así, en esta aportación se pretende constatar que no sólo las decisiones pronunciadas sino el contenido o fondo de las demandas planteadas, el cómo proceden a plantear la vulneración del derecho a sus tierras, difieren significativamente. Para ello se recurre a un método analítico tanto de las solicitudes como del resultado de estas lo que se completa con las pertinentes aportaciones doctrinales.
Metáforas ecológicas en debates sobre lengua y política lingüística en Catalonia (1999- 2009)
Authors: Sinner Carsten
Published: May 2022

En las últimas décadas, el enfoque ecológico ha atraído el interés de lingüistas españoles y catalanes. En esta contribución se analiza la lengua empleada tanto por lingüistas profesionales como por personas no expertas en las publicaciones y en el debate público sobre los conflictos del bilingüismo español y catalán en la década anterior a que diversos tribunales, y particularmente el Tribunal Constitucional, se pronunciaran en contra de la prevalencia del idioma catalán en Cataluña (1999-2009). El decenio se caracteriza por una sensación de conflictos lingüísticos crecientes que se manifiestan, por ejemplo, a través de debates acalorados sobre lo que los catalanes perciben como una amenaza para la sobrevivencia del catalán y reacciones como la exigencia de introducir horas lectivas adicionales para evitar la supuesta extinción del español en Cataluña. La sociedad catalana está reviviendo el fantasma de la extinción de su lengua –probablemente reforzado por las publicaciones que denuncian la continua reducción del espacio vital y la desaparición de cada vez más nichos de la lengua catalana. Activistas en pro del castellano sostienen que hay una batalla que la lengua española en Cataluña tiene que ganar para sobrevivir a la supuesta reducción feroz de su espacio vital y la supuesta asfixia o exterminación institucionalizada de la lengua española. Los textos analizados pertenecen a una serie de textos que, respecto de contenido y objetivos, se relacionan con un número reducido de textos de referencia que desencadenan la producción de los textos de dicha serie. Se trata de determinar la importancia de la lengua de la ecología en este campo y el uso de estos elementos por ambas partes, los que temen el riesgo de extinción de la lengua catalana y los que denuncian la amenaza del castellano. Se demostrará que en el debate sobre la lucha por la vida del catalán y el castellano, la lengua de la ecología y de la evolución tiene mucha presencia y que la recontextualización de las metáforas catalanas en los textos sobre el castellano es sistemática.
Immunohistochemical Characterisation of Cell of Origin in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma and its Association with the Double Expressor Phenotype: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Prachi . , Aiyer Hemamalini , Sharma Gaurav , Chakrabarti Suparno , Jaiswal Sarita Rani
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of Non Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) and is categorised into the Germinal Centre B-cell (GCB) and Activated B-cell (ABC/Non GCB) subtypes as per the Cell Of Origin (COO) model with the help of gene expression profiling/ immunohistochemistry. The non GCB subtype has been found to associate with the Double Expressor (DE) phenotype (i.e., co-expression of BCL-2 and c-myc by IHC and this association was substantiated and proven to be statistically significant in the present study. Aim: To categorise all DLBCL cases into GCB and Non GCB and further into DE and Non-DE by using Hans and Choi IHC alogrithm. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 50 patients was carried out with the help of archival material filed in the Department of Anatomic Pathology at Dharamshila Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi, India from 1st January 2019 to 30th June 2020. The study was approved by Instituitional Ethics Committee (IEC). Chi-square test and Yates correction were used for statistical analysis. Results: The study cohort was divided into two Groups- group-A with nodal presentation and group-B with extranodal presentation. By using the Hans and Choi IHC algorithms, the cases were categorised into the GCB and non GCB subtypes in both the groups. The DE phenotype was determined in each case by the co-expression of c-myc (>40%) and BCL-2 (>50%) by IHC. By using the statistical chi-square test analysis and Yates correction, the association of DE was found to be statistically significant with non GCB type lymphomas and non DE with GCB lymphomas with p-value being 0.0005 and 0.00168, respectively. Conclusion: Due to the heterogeneity inherent in DLBCL, prediction of the DE phenotype and the COO by IHC is a sensitive tool and helps in the prognostication and therapeutic triage of patients. Hence, in all the cases diagnosed as DLBCL, a detailed morphological and IHC work up is mandatory to determine prognosis and possibly tailor therapy according to COO and DE phenotype.
Knowledge of Farmers towards Hathei Chilli Production Practices in Sirarakhong Village of Ukhrul District, Manipur
Authors: Khapudang Themshang , Bose Dipak Kumar
Published: May 2022

A study is conducted in Sirarakhong Village, Ukhrul district, Manipur. A total of one hundred twenty respondents were selected for the study. The primary information were collected through pre-tested interview schedule. The finding shows that 46.67 per cent of the respondents were having medium category of knowledge towards improved Hathei Chilli production practices. Age, education, occupation, land holding, farming experience, innovativeness, and economic motivation were found positively correlated with their knowledge categoryof the respondents.
The Effects of Supplier Selection Methods on Value for Money
Authors: Baba Shakuru
Published: May 2022

The study investigated the relationship between supplier selection methods in relation to their effects on value for money. The study adopted an explanatory, case study approach with a cross-sectional survey research design that used primary data collection instrument of questionnaire. Data was collected from a sample of 117 employees in the institution drawn from departments of Finance, Procurement, Stores and Pharmacy with a random sampling technique. The study further established that Supplier Quality Commitment exerts an insignificant effect on Value for Money and that Supplier Management Ability and Supplier Financial Capacity exert significant effects on Value for Money. The researchers recommended that the Tamale Teaching Hospital should assess the suppliers on the basis of their quality commitments, financial capacities and management abilities and ensure that they select suppliers who can collectively deliver goods and services to the Tamale Teaching Hospital to improve on value for money.
In vivo and In vitro Anti-inflammatory and Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Methonolic Extract of Different Parts from Nauclea vanderguchtii De Wild (Rubiaceae)
Authors: Christine Choundong Yemele , Laure Nguemfo Edwige , Calvin Bogning Zangue , Laure Magne Fongang Annie , Junior Mbock Armel , Blaise Azebaze Anatole Guy , Bertrand Dongmo Alain
Published: May 2022

Aims: Nauclea vanderguchtii (N. vanderguchtii) species belongs to the family Rubiaceae and it is widely used in traditional Cameroonian medicine against inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, rheumatism and gastric disorders. The present study was aimed to evaluate anti-inflammatory effect of a methanol extracts of leaves, stems, roots and barks with multiparametric analyses through in vitro assays and an in vivo model.

Methodology: Leaves, stems, barks and roots of N. vanderguchtii were air-dried and a methanolic extract was further obtained. Red blood cell membrane stabilization and protein denaturation were carried out as screening assays for anti-inflammatory activity in vitro, following by Diphenyl picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’- azino-bis – (3 - ethylbenzothiazoline -6- sulfonique (ABTS) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ( FRAP) antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory capacity of leaves and stems methanolic extract was evaluated in vivo by carrageenan-induced oedema.

Results: Each part of Nauclea vanderguchtii, effectively and significantly stabilized red blood cell membrane. The methanol leaves extract exhibited better effect (53.12%), followed by stems (50.55%), barks (50.98%) and roots (49.6%) compare to an ibuprofen (51.16%), a standard reference drug. Those extracts also inhibited the denaturation of the egg albumin (P ˂ .05; P ˂ .01). Methanol stem and leaves extracts from plant were the effective scavengers of ABTS - radical (95.92 ± 0.37%), DPPH - radical (91.12 ± 0.13%). FRAP of methanolic extract was concentration-dependent. Moreover, methanol leaves extract of Nauclea vanderguchtii, significantly (P<.01) prevented paw edema with the maxima 58.97% (200 mg / kg).

Conclusion: This study shows that N. vanderguchtii extracts possess significant anti-inflammatory and antiradical activities. These activities are more pronounced in leaves than other parts of plant and justify the traditional use.
Physical Activity Level and Its Barriers among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsweed Mohammed Saleh , Alsaigul Abdullah
Published: May 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide with rapidly growing prevalence. World health organization announced that physical inactivity is one of the top 10 global principle causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. On the other hand, physical activity is well known to be cornerstone domain for managing diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: To estimate the physical activity level among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Qassim province and to explore its common barriers.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among type 2 diabetic patients who attended chronic diseases clinics of 10 primary health care centers in Buraidah city during 2021. We used two validated self-administrated questionnaires which were the global physical activity questionnaire (WHO) and barriers to being active quiz (CDC).

Results: We surveyed 357 type 2 diabetic patients. While majority of patients (90%) recognized the importance of physical activity for body health, only 29% of the participants met WHO recommendations for physical activity. Males and females had slight difference in their activity level, 72% and 69% respectively. Top reported barriers of physical activity were lack of willpower, lack of resources and lack of energy. The most common reported domain of physical activity was recreational activity.

Conclusion: Type 2 diabetic patients in Qassim province have low physical activity level. We recommend more focus on physical activity by all diabetic care professionals. Further in-depth studies to further evaluate prevalence and other relevant factors are suggested.
Knowledge and Adherence of Primary Health Care Physicians to Hypertension Management Guidelines in Family Health Facilities, Tanta Gharbia
Authors: Ahmad Soad Foad , Elsaleet Gamalat Mohammed Ali , Zayed Hanaa Abdelaziz Mohamed , Atlam Salwa Abd-elmageed Hassan
Published: May 2022

Background: Hypertension is a long-term condition in which the blood pressure in arteries is persistently elevated higher than 130 over 80 millimeters of mercury. Hypertension as an office systolic blood pressure and/or Diastolic Blood Pressure; which is equivalent to a 24-hours average ambulatory blood pressure management (AMBPM > 130/80 mmHg) or home blood pressure measurements (HBPM) average >135/85 mmHg.

Aim: To assess knowledge of physicians in the family health facilities in Tanta City, Gharbia Governorate regarding hypertension and its management, adherence of family physicians and to detect barriers which interfere with their adherence to the guidelines if any.

Methods: This is a cross sectional study. It was conducted in Family Health Units of the two main health administration sectors in Tanta City (The first administration sector includes16 units and the second one includes nine units) Tanta, Egypt. The target population of the study was all physicians working in Tanta Family Health Facilities (n=120). This study started from September 2019 and completed in June 2021.

Results: Out of physicians, 47 (39.2%) doctors read and implemented guidelines, 37 (30.8%) of physicians heard about it but never had a copy of guidelines and 36 (30%) of them had one but never read the content. More than two thirds 82 (68.3%) of physicians received training about the guidelines but only 68 (56.7%) used these guidelines for management of the patients. The highest percent of physicians had Fair knowledge level (67.5%) about guidelines. Regarding knowledge sub items, definition of guidelines followed by referral criteria and investigations had the highest rank of knowledge level among physicians while treatment, had the lowest rank level. The highest percent of physicians were partially adherent to guidelines (60%). Regarding adherence sub items, measurement of blood pressure followed by history taking had the highest rank among physicians followed by investigation, while treatment and clinical examination had the lowest rank.

Conclusion: PHC physicians were found to have a lack of awareness of specific HTN management guidelines as well as inadequately documented practise adherence.
Postinfection Post-vaccination Autoimmune Neural Long COVID-19
Authors: Shnawa Ibrahim M. S.
Published: May 2022

Normal human subject can have baseline auto-antibodies and auto-reactive immune cells constituting the normal physiological autoimmune state. On, post- sars-cov-2 infection and post-vaccination periods either the virus built in spike protein in case of post-infection . Or the peptide expressed from the spike protein sequence within the human COVID -19 mRNA vaccines have an auto-reacting epitopes within the human vaccinee cells. Both of the virus spike protein and vaccinee cells are bearing either pan-sharing molecular mimicking or mono-specific molecular mimicking epitopes that initiate on continual exposure to the immune system cells mediating an autoimmune responses. Such responses may cause an immune conversion of the antibody and /or auto-reactive immune cells levels from the baseline limits to the clinically indicative levels of auto-antibody and/or auto-reacting cells. The immune conversion state may pose to an autoimmune tissue injuries as single or multiple organs defects expressing the patho-biologic features of autoimmune long COVID-19.This mechanistic view to the long Covid-19 is parallel with inclusion of long COVID-19 on the list of autoimmune registry 2021.Some workers holds the believe that autoimmune long COVID-19 is an auto-antibody mediated condition .Other workers are of the opinion that both auto-antibody and auto-reacting immune cells may be involved in, Though there is still existing some debate .A literature show case analysis of neural autoimmune long COVID-19 was tempted .A laboratory animal model for Post-infection-Post-vaccination autoimmune long COVID-19 was suggested .Both of these disease entities are being over-lapping.
Bleeding Origin and Its Frequency in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Majeedano Ghulam Sarwar , Mal Lekhraj , Danish Ahmed Ali , Tasneem Bushra , Tasneem Aisha , Ilyas Yumna
Published: May 2022

Objective: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has recognized itself as the ‘gold standard’ treatment of gallstone disease, but it can, sometimes, be related with considerable complication leads to mortality and morbidity. Therefore, this study was intended to assess the frequency of many sources of bleeding in patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methodology: This was a cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Surgery, Bhitai Dental and Medical College Hospital by using consecutive sampling technique. The duration of study was about one year from Feb 2021 to  Dec 2021. A total of 163 patients of age between 30 to 55 years of both genders of diagnosed cholecystitis with cholelithiasis, disease duration of >6 weeks identified by patient’s history were included in the study. To assess the effect modification, age, gender, duration of disease, and amount of bleeding and operative time were stratified followed by application of chi-square with a p value < 0.05 considered as significant.

Results: The study results showed that out of 163 cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 141(87%) were females and 22(13%) were males with their mean age were 38.99±10.96 years. Bleeding in laparoscopic cholecystectomy from gallbladder bed was reported in 128(79%) cases followed by cystic artery in 28(17%) cases. There were78(80.4%) cases reported bleeding from gallbladder bed in < 40 years of age and 50(75.75%) cases reported in >40 years of age although with an insignificant association between them (p=0.477). 109(77.3%) cases reported bleeding from gallbladder bed in female and 19(86.3%) cases reported in males with an insignificant association between them (p=0.336). 

Conclusion: This study concluded that the most frequent bleeding site was the gallbladder bed followed by cystic artery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Furthermore, bleeding from gallbladder bed was common in females and < 40 years of age although there was an insignificant association observed with respect to age and gender.
The Influences of Marketing Activities and Personal Competence on the Intention to Adopt Digital Banking
Authors: Meirina . , Jimmy So Yohanes , Natalia Friska
Published: May 2022

Purpose: This study discusses the relationship between variables on bank customers' adoption of digital banking. Comprehensively, this study aims to determine the customer's interest in using Digital Banking based on the Technology Adoption Model (TAM) theory with Bank Marketing Activities (BMA) and Bank's Personal Competence (BPC) variables.

Methods: This study uses a quantitative approach with 271 respondents. The analysis technique in this study is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) using the IBM AMOS 26 program.

Results: The results of this study found three main results. First, BMA and BPC can increase interest in using digital banking if only by creating factors of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness in the minds of customers. Perceived ease of use will arise if the bank's digital application has clear instructions and does not cause a burden during use. Meanwhile, perceived usefulness will occur if digital applications can improve performance and accelerate customer work. Second, BPC is proven to be more effective in increasing perceived ease of use. Meanwhile, BMA has relatively the same effectiveness in influencing perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. Third, bank marketing, which is considered the most important, is personnel experience, service alertness in assisting the use of new technology, and conveying dissatisfaction. Meanwhile, the competencies of bank personnel that are considered a priority are the response to customer needs and requests, the ability to solve problems quickly, and ethical and enthusiastic personnel.

Implication: This research can expand studies related to technology adoption theory with relatively few marketing functions. Managerially, this research provides several insights regarding bank services that must be a priority and competence of bank personnel to increase the use of digital banking.
Mapping fire history and quantifying burned area through 35 years of prescribed fire history at an Illinois tallgrass prairie restoration site using GIS
Authors: Rowland‐Schaefer Erin G. , Bach Elizabeth M. , Kleiman Bill P. , Jones Holly P.
Published: May 2022

Fire was important to pre‐colonization prairies. In today's remnant and reconstructed prairies, managers frequently employ prescribed fire, a historical management practice that limits woody encroachment, suppresses non‐native species and promotes nutrient cycling. However, few long‐term prescribed fire spatial datasets are available for study.

We used archived images of prescribed fire maps and hand‐drawn fire records to generate a geospatial record of the prescribed fire history at Nachusa Grasslands, a combination remnant and restored preserve in northern Illinois.

This record contains maps of the prescribed fire history of the preserve across the entirety of its 35‐year history. We used the maps to calculate both the absolute area and percentage of the preserve burned every year.

This dataset compiles a long history of prescribed fire on a nature preserve and, due to the existing robust research programme at the preserve, can support the study of patterns in management applications of prescribed fire and examine the impacts of prescribed fire in restoration projects.
Finite difference based iterative learning control with initial state learning for a class of fractional order two‐dimensional continuous‐discrete linear systems
Authors: Lan Yong‐Hong , Zheng Li‐Tao
Published: May 2022

This article presents a PI‐type iterative learning control (ILC) law with initial state learning for a class of () fractional order two‐dimensional (2D) linear systems. First, by using backward difference method, the finite difference approximation of the fractional order derivative is obtained, which leads to globally order accuracy. Then, a PI‐ILC law is constructed at the nodes and the convergence analysis of the iterative scheme is proved. A linear matrix inequality‐based sufficient condition is derived to guarantee that the tracking error is asymptotically convergent. The obtained convergence condition is fractional order dependent. Most of the classical ILC conditions for fractional order one‐dimensional linear systems fall into the special cases of this article. Finally, the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Integrated Analytical System for Clinical Single‐Cell Analysis
Authors: Peterson Hannah M. , Chin Lip Ket , Iwamoto Yoshi , Oh Juhyun , Carlson Jonathan C. T. , Lee Hakho , Im Hyungsoon , Weissleder Ralph
Published: May 2022

High‐dimensional analyses of cancers can potentially be used to better define cancer subtypes, analyze the complex tumor microenvironment, and perform cancer cell pathway analyses for drug trials. Unfortunately, integrated systems that allow such analyses in serial fine needle aspirates within a day or at point‐of‐care currently do not exist. To achieve this, an integrated immunofluorescence single‐cell analyzer (i2SCAN) for deep profiling of directly harvested cells is developed. By combining a novel cellular imaging system, highly cyclable bioorthogonal FAST antibody panels, and integrated computational analysis, it is shown that same‐day analysis is possible in thousands of harvested cells. It is demonstrated that the i2SCAN approach allows comprehensive analysis of breast cancer samples obtained by fine needle aspiration or core tissues. The method is a rapid, robust, and low‐cost solution to high‐dimensional analysis of scant clinical specimens.
Direct Visualization of the Evolution of a Single‐Atomic Cobalt Catalyst from Melting Nanoparticles with Carbon Dissolution
Authors: Zhang Luyao , Li Yanyan , Zhang Lei , Wang Kun , Li Yingbo , Wang Lei , Zhang Xinyu , Yang Feng , Zheng Zhiping
Published: May 2022

Transition metal single‐atom catalysts (SACs) are of immense interest, but how exactly they are evolved upon pyrolysis of the corresponding precursors remains unclear as transition metal ions in the complex precursor undergo a series of morphological changes accompanied with changes in oxidation state as a result of the interactions with the carbon support. Herein, the authors record the complete evolution process of Co SAC during the pyrolysis a Co/Zn‐containing zeolitic imidazolate framework. Aberration‐corrected environmental TEM coupled with in‐situ EELS is used for direct visualization of the evolution process at 200–1000 °C. Dissolution of carbon into the nanoparticles of Co is found to be key to modulating the wetting behavior of nanoparticles on the carbon support; melting of Co nanoparticles and their motion within the zeolitic architecture leads to the etching of the framework structure, yielding porous C/N support onto which Co‐single atoms reside. This uniquely structured Co SAC is found to be effective for the oxidation of a series of aromatic alkanes to produce selective ketones among other possible products. The carbon dissolution and melting/sublimation‐driven structural dynamics of transition metal revealed here will expand the methodology in synthesizing SACs and other high‐temperature processes.
A Space‐Time Conversion Vehicle for Programmed Multi‐Drugs Delivery into Pancreatic Tumor to Overcome Matrix and Reflux Barriers
Authors: Huo Taotao , Zhang Xiaoyi , Qian Min , Nie Huifang , Liang Dong , Lin Chenteng , Yang Yafeng , Guo Wei , Lächelt Ulrich , Huang Rongqin
Published: May 2022

The numerous biological barriers, which limit pharmacotherapy of pancreatic carcinoma, including inadequate drug accumulation in the tumor environment, a dense extracellular matrix (ECM) and efficient drug‐efflux mechanisms, illustrate the requirement of multifunctional delivery systems to overcome the individual barriers at the right place at the right time. Herein, a space–time conversion vehicle based on covalent organic framework (COF)‐coated mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSN) with a sandwiched polyethyleneimine (PEI) layer (MPCP), is designed. The space‐specific drugs‐loaded vehicle (MGPPCLP) is obtained by separately incorporating a chemotherapeutic agent (gemcitabine, G) into the MSN core, a P glycoprotein inhibitor (LY 335979, P) into the PEI layer, and an extracellular matrix disruptor (losartan, L) into the COF shell. Thereafter, a programmed drug delivery is achieved via the ordered degradation from COF shell to MSN core. Sequential release of the individual drugs, synergized with a change of nanoparticle surface charge, contribute to an obvious extracellular matrix distraction, distinct drug efflux inhibition, and consequently enhance chemotherapeutic outcomes in pancreatic carcinoma. This MPCP‐based vehicle design suggests a robust space–time conversion strategy to achieve programmed multi‐drugs delivery and represents a new avenue to the treatment of pancreatic carcinoma by overcoming extracellular matrix and drug reflux barriers.
Geometric Control of Domain Structure Stability in Ferroelectric Nanotubes
Authors: Ross Aiden , Zhuang Shihao , Zhang Mojue , Hu Jia‐Mian
Published: May 2022

Ferroelectric nanotubes offer intriguing opportunities for stabilizing exotic polarization domains and achieving new or enhanced functionalities by tailoring the complex interplay among the geometry, surface effects, crystal symmetry, and more. Here, phase‐field simulations to predict the room‐temperature equilibrium polarization domain structure in (001)pc PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PZT) nanotubes are used (pseudocubic (pc)). The simulations incorporate the influence of surface‐tension‐induced strains, which have been ignored in existing computational studies. It is found that (001)pc PZT nanotubes can host a unique class of topological polarization domain structures comprising non‐planar flux‐closures and anti‐flux‐closures that are inaccessible with ferroelectrics of planar geometry (e.g., thin‐films, nanodots). It is shown that surface‐tension‐induced strain is significantly enhanced in thin‐walled nanotubes and thereby can lead to noticeable modulation of the flux closures. Domain stability map as a function of the nanotube wall thickness and height is established. The results provide a basis for geometrical engineering of domain structures and associated functional (e.g., piezoelectric, electrocaloric) responses in ferroelectric nanotubes.
Adenosquamous carcinoma of gallbladder associated with biliopancreatic maljunction and Todani 1c choledochal cyst: A case report
Authors: Tidjane Anisse , Boudjenan‐Serradj Nabil , Khalifa Samia , Ikhlef Nacim , Bengueddach Aicha , Larbi Hakim , Meharzi Sif el islam , Tabeti Benali
Published: May 2022

Gallbladder cancer is the fifth most frequent women cancer in Algeria. Squamous‐cell and adenosquamous carcinomas are the rarest histological type of this cancer and represent less than 7%. Malformation of the bile ducts such as a choledochal cyst or a biliopancreatic maljunction are risk factors for this cancer. This manuscript reports a rare case of an 82‐year‐old woman operated on for an adenosquamous carcinoma of the gallbladder associated with a bile duct cyst and a biliopancreatic junction abnormality. Aggressive surgery was performed combined with adjuvant oral chemotherapy. Twenty‐nine months of recurrence‐free survival was achieved by this patient suffering from this aggressive and rare form of gallbladder cancer.
Pristine and alkali and alkaline earth metals encapsulated B36N36 nanoclusters as prospective delivery agents and detectors for 5‐fluorouracil anticancer drug
Authors: Shakerzadeh Ehsan , Zborowski Krzysztof K. , Anota Ernesto Chigo , Nguyen Minh Tho
Published: May 2022

Quantum chemical investigation using density functional theory (DFT) approach is performed to assess the interactions of the anticancer 5‐fluorouracil (FU) drug and B36N36 nanocluster. The alkali (AMs) and alkaline earth (AEMs) metals encapsulated B36N36 nanoclusters are also considered for FU adsorption. Results indicate the significant interaction of FU drug with pristine as well as encapsulated boron‐nitride nanoclusters. Accordingly, the electronic structure of the nanoclusters is very sensitive to the FU adsorption. The resulting complexes have less energy gap than the bare ones, which can produce an appropriate signal for detection of the FU drug. Adsorption of six FU molecules on the top of each nanocluster indicates their high capacity for FU drug loading. The FU molecules also interact effectively with the AMs and AEMs encapsulated nanoclusters in the aqueous medium, which facilitates the drug delivery. The studied complexes have higher dipole moments in aqueous phase than in vacuum medium. The pristine and encapsulated B36N36 nanoclusters are suggested as prospective novel delivery agents and detectors for FU drug thanks of their suitable features.
Topical progress in medicinal applications of self‐assembled organoplatinum complexes using diverse Pt(II)‐ and N‐based tectons
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Jana Achintya , Bhowmick Sourav , Das Neeladri
Published: May 2022

The last decade witnessed a flourishing advancement in the design and synthesis of discrete Pt‐based metallamacrocycles self‐assembled using coordination bonds. Such supramolecular entities were obtained using novel nitrogen‐based ligands and have wide and versatile applications such as chemical sensors, catalysts, theranostic agents, optical materials, drug delivery, and others. Herein, we present a concise review of recently reported metallacycles obtained using various N‐functionalized donor and Pt acceptor tectons of various shapes and sizes. While highlighting recent developments in the syntheses and characterization of such platinacycles, we lay special emphasis on their biological interactions and applications.
Thermally stable poly(urethane‐imide)s with enhanced hydrophilicity for waterproof‐breathable textile coatings
Authors: Meena Mahipal , Kerketta Anjlina , Tripathi Manorama , Roy Prasun , Jacob Josemon
Published: May 2022

Thermally stable, waterproof, hydrophilic, breathable poly(urethane‐imide) (PUI) films were prepared as a potential replacement for the existing polyurethanes (PU) with a lower degree of thermal stability for waterproof breathable clothing. Hydrophilic PUI films were prepared by reacting 4,4′‐ diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polyethylene glycol (PEG‐1500), and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), with increasing hard segment (46%–61%) and compared with polyurethane films with similar PEG content. The breathability of PUI film is significantly higher than the PU film (~20%). Interestingly, despite the high degree of water sorption, the PUI films exhibited higher waterproofness (~85%) than the PU, which has been attributed to the presence of imide functionalities. The thermal stability of PUI was higher (Tmax1 ~ 420°C, Tmax2 ~ 600°C and char yield 21%) than the analogous PU (Tmax1 ~ 360°C, Tmax2 ~ 420°C, and char yield 6%). The waterproofness, water contact angle, and glass transition temperature are found to increase with increasing imide content, while the water sorption capacity and breathability decrease. The developed PUI coated fabric withstood hydrostatic pressure of ~3000 mbar, with a WVTR of 1200 g m−2 24 h−1, bestowing it excellent candidature as a waterproof breathable fabric.
Supramolecular Nanofibers Formed by Enzyme‐Instructed Self‐Assembly for SKBR‐3 Cell Selective Inhibition
Authors: Wang Shijiang , Ma Yan , Ma Changsheng , Liu Kai , Huo Zhijun , Shang Yuna
Published: May 2022

Cell‐targeted peptides are recommended for precision cancer treatment due to their comparable targeting properties, small molecular size, and good biocompatibility. However, unpredictable bioactivity, low penetration rate and poor stability greatly limit its efficacy. Supramolecular self‐assembly based on synthetic peptide has great potential to solve related problems and achieve better therapeutic effects. Herein, we report and compare the effects of two different assembly pathway, heating‐cooling, and enzyme instruction, on the penetrability of SKBR‐3 cell targeted peptides. It was found that enzyme‐instructed self‐assembly (EISA) resulted in hydrogels composed of uniform supramolecular nanofibers, whereas heating‐cooling resulted in solutions and precipitations composed of slightly different nanoparticles. The nanofibers formed by EISA showed enhanced cellular uptake (2.54 μM), which was significantly higher than the 1.06 μM of the nanoparticles formed by temperature regulation. Thus, EISA is a promising strategy to improve the cell penetration rate of targeted peptides and could provide a better solution for precision cancer treatment.
Active fault detection and isolation in linear time‐invariant systems: A geometric approach
Authors: Flores‐León Héctor , Begovich Ofelia , Ruiz‐León Javier , Ramírez‐Treviño Antonio
Published: May 2022

In this work, a novel approach on active fault detection and isolation for linear time‐invariant systems, named forced diagnosability, is proposed. This approach computes a continuous state feedback law to render a fault diagnosable, even when it cannot be diagnosed by using passive diagnosis methods. To do that, this work derives novel geometric relationships between unobservability and
‐invariant subspaces that, under certain conditions, guarantee the existence of such state feedback law. The objective of the state feedback law is to force all the faults, except the one required to be diagnosed, named
, to reside in an unobservability subspace. This effectively decouples the effect of
on the system output, from the effect of the other faults, allowing the design of a residual generator to detect and isolate the desired fault. The proposed state feedback law continuously forces diagnosability, and it can be computed in polynomial time. This avoids testing faults only at fixed time intervals and solving complex optimization problems required in other active diagnosis approaches. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed approach.
Production of afucosylated antibodies in CHO cells by coexpression of an anti‐FUT8 intrabody
Authors: Joubert Simon , Guimond Julie , Perret Sylvie , Malenfant Félix , Elahi S. Mehdy , Marcil Anne , Parat Marie , Gilbert Michel , Lenferink Anne E.G. , Baardsnes Jason , Durocher Yves
Published: May 2022

Some effector functions prompted by immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, such as antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), strongly depend on the N‐glycans linked to asparagine 297 of the Fc region of the protein. A single α‐(1,6)‐fucosyltransferase (FUT8) is responsible for catalyzing the addition of an α‐1,6‐linked fucose residue to the first GlcNAc residue of the N‐linked glycans. Antibodies missing this core fucose show a significantly enhanced ADCC and increased antitumor activity, which could help reduce therapeutic dose requirement, potentially translating into reduced safety concerns and manufacturing costs. Several approaches have been developed to modify glycans and improve the biological functions of antibodies. Here, we demonstrate that expression of a membrane‐associated anti‐FUT8 intrabody engineered to reside in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus can efficiently reduce FUT8 activity and therefore the core‐fucosylation of the Fc N‐glycan of an antibody. IgG1‐producing CHO cells expressing the intrabody secrete antibodies with reduced core fucosylation as demonstrated by lectin blot analysis and UPLC‐HILIC glycan analysis. Cells engineered to inhibit directly and specifically alpha‐(1,6)‐fucosyltransferase activity allows for the production of g/L levels of IgGs with strongly enhanced ADCC effector function, for which the level of fucosylation can be selected. The quick and efficient method described here should have broad practical applicability for the development of next‐generation therapeutic antibodies with enhanced effector functions.
Application of digital technologies for sustainable product management in a circular economy: A review
Authors: Rusch Magdalena , Schöggl Josef‐Peter , Baumgartner Rupert J.
Published: May 2022

Digital technologies (DTs), such as the Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence, or blockchain, are considered as enablers for a more sustainable and circular economy. So far, literature on these topics has mostly focused on specific DTs and subareas of sustainable product management (SPM). The aim of this paper is to provide a more comprehensive overview of current and potential examples of DT applications in SPM (e.g., product design/assessment, supply chain management, and business models). The collected examples (n = 146) were analyzed based on a systematic literature review, using quantitative and qualitative content analysis. Deductive and inductive analyses of the examples revealed the potential of DTs in terms of their usability along the product life cycle, their role as enablers for circular economy strategies and in specific SPM activities. DT application often entails only incremental improvements, for example, increased efficiency of existing processes, with more radical forms of improvement remaining relatively scarce. There is clear room for greater adoption and optimization of DTs, in various areas of SPM, so as to accelerate the transition towards a more sustainable and circular economy.
Dandelion‐like Nanospheres Synthesized by CoO@CuO Nanowire Arrays for High‐Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitors
Authors: Li Xiuzhen , Huang Weiguo , Zhong Yuxue , Liao Leiping , Cheng Yujun , Zheng Kun , Liu Jingquan
Published: May 2022

Recently, three‐dimensional‐structure materials have attracted enormous attention in energy‐storage fields on account of their excellent electrochemical performance. In this study, hierarchical nanospheres consisting of mesoporous CoO@CuO nanowires on a three‐dimensional conductive Ni foam are prepared by a one‐step hydrothermal method combined with a subsequent annealing process. Compared to CoO or CuO alone, the as‐obtained CoO@CuO/Ni hybrid nanowires show good electronic conductivity owning to the abundant existence of O vacancies in them. In a three‐electrode system, the area capacitance of the prepared CoO@CuO/Ni electrode reaches 2.94 F cm−2 (1.32 C cm−2) at 1 mA cm−2, and the CoO@CuO/Ni electrode presents an outstanding cycle performance. Moreover, a CoO@CuO/Ni//AC ASC asymmetric supercapacitor is fabricated and found to display a high energy density of 20.22 Wh kg−1 at 800 W kg−1. Hence, this novel CoO@CuO/Ni hybrid nanowires with excellent electrochemical properties shows outstanding potential in the practical application of high‐energy storage devices.
Electrochemical Formation and Reactivity of a Mn‐Peroxo Complex Bearing an Amido N5 Ligand
Authors: Massie Allyssa A. , Kostopoulos Nikolaos , Grotemeyer Elizabeth N. , Noël Jean‐Marc , Jackson Timothy A. , Anxolabéhère‐Mallart Elodie
Published: May 2022

Herein we report the electrochemical generation of a mononuclear MnIII(OO) (peroxo) complex supported on a dpaq ligand (dpaq=2‐(bis(pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)amino)‐N‐(quinolin‐8‐yl)acetamide) for the first time, and its reactivity in N,N‐dimethylformamide. The formation of the MnIII(dpaq)(OO) complex is probed by low temperature electronic absorption spectro‐electrochemistry experiments. An analysis of the reduction of the MnIII(dpaq)(OO) complex is carried out combining cyclic voltammetry and simulations. The involvement of a MnII(dpaq)(OOH) complex is proposed based on CV data and is corroborated by DFT computations.
Quantum Efficiency of Electrochemiluminescence Generation by Tris(2,2’‐bipyridine)ruthenium(II) and Tri‐n‐propylamine Revisited from a Kinetic Reaction Model
Authors: Ding Jialian , Zhou Ping , Su Bin
Published: May 2022

Electrochemiluminescence quantum efficiency (ECL‐QE) is an important parameter to evaluate the energy conversion ability of luminophores and analytical sensitivity of corresponding ECL systems. Herein, taking tris(2,2’‐bipyridine)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+) and tri‐n‐propylamine (TPrA) coreactant system as an example, the ECL‐QE was evaluated in terms of a kinetic reaction model, in which Ru(bpy)33+ was considered to be the key intermediate in a reaction scheme consisting of competitive oxidative reduction and catalytic reaction routes. It was calculated as the product of electrochemical excitation efficiency (ηex) and light emission efficiency (i. e., photoluminescence quantum yield, PLQY). We used finite element simulations to examine the variation of ηex with the electrode material, applied potential, concentration and distance from the electrode surface. ηex was found to be largely determined by the electrochemical oxidation rate of TPrA that varied by several orders of magnitude with the electrode material. The estimation of ECL‐QE helped in selecting the appropriate conditions for efficient ECL generation and sensitive analysis.
Prozessmodule schneller und flexibler integrieren
Authors: Maurmaier Mathias
Published: May 2022

Aus Sicht der Automatisierung ist die schnelle und flexible Einbindung von Prozessmodulen und Package Units in vorhandene Automatisierungsstrukturen in der Prozessindustrie immer noch herausfordernd. Abhilfe schafft das MTP‐Konzept (Module‐Type‐Package‐Konzept), das seit dem vergangenen Herbst von PI gehostet wird.
Neue Wege für den technischen Einkauf
Authors: Schulze Thorsten , Gandert Etwina
Published: May 2022

Automation24 bietet konfigurierbare und lagerhaltige Produkte der Bereiche Fabrik‐ und Prozessautomation an. Im Interview mit CITplus beantwortet der Geschäftsführer, Thorsten Schulze, Fragen für die Nutzer des Online‐Shops.
Ein Fünftel Energie in der Belebung eingespart
Authors: Sienk Thorsten
Published: May 2022

Die Investition in neue Gebläsetechnik für die Belebung in der KLäranlage Berghei macht sich für den Erftverband schnell bezahlt. Bei etwa 20% weniger Stromkosten war der Return on Investment in gerade einmal drei Jahren erreicht.
Intelligente Pumpensysteme
Authors: Pastow Moritz
Published: May 2022

Das Pumpen‐überwachungssystem von Lewa macht Pumpen Smart‐Factory‐ready: Neben dem Erkennen von Störungen und Prozessabweichungen liefert Smart Monitoring auch wichtige Kennzahlen zur wirtschaftlichen Bewertung der Anlage. Lewa unterstützt zusätzlich mit Betriebsanalysen der Laufzeitdaten. Dabei liegt die Datenhoheit immer beim Betreiber.
Single‐cell profiling reveals novel cellular heterogeneity of monocytes during Hymenoptera venom allergy
Authors: Chao Wen‐Cheng , Liao Wen‐Ting , Wang Jing‐Rong , Sung Hsiao‐Ni , Chen Hsin‐Hua , Lin Fang‐Ping , Huang Jou‐Yu , Liu Kuan‐Ting , Ko Tai‐Ming
Published: May 2022

Background

Hymenoptera stings can induce dysregulated inflammation and immediate hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying peripheral immune responses during Hymenoptera venom allergy (HVA) remain elusive.

Methods

Here we determined the single‐cell transcriptomic profiling from highly heterogeneous peripheral blood cells in patients with HVA through unbiased single‐cell RNA sequencing and multiple models of computational analyses.

Results

Through clustering analysis by uniform manifold approximation and projection, we revealed an increased number of monocytes in the acute phase and identified innate immune responses, leukocyte activation, and cellular detoxification as the main involved biological processes. We used filter analysis to identify that CLU that encodes clusterin was highly expressed in monocytes, and the co‐expressed genes of CLU further supported the key role of monocyte. We further used pseudo‐temporal ordering of cells and scRNA velocity analysis to delineate disease‐associated monocyte lineages and states in patients with HVA.

Conclusions

Our comprehensive molecular profiling of blood samples from patients with HVA revealed previously unknown molecular changes, providing important insights into the mechanism of venom allergy and potential therapeutic targets.