bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Condensed Pyridines. Part 8. 5,6‐Pentamethylene‐3‐cyanopyridine‐2(1H)‐thione and ‐selenone in the Synthesis of 3‐Aminothieno‐ and ‐selenolo(2,3‐b)pyridines. Crystal Structure of 3‐Amino‐2‐benzoyl‐5,6‐pentamethyleneselenolo(2,3‐b)pyridine.
Authors: LITVINOV V. P. , SHARANIN YU. A. , RODINOVSKAYA L. A. , NESTEROV V. N. , SHKLOVER V. E. , STRUCHKOV YU. T.
Published: May 2016

Alkylation studies of the heterocycles (III) with MeI reveal that only (IIIb) and (IIIc) are alkylated selectively at the Se and the S atom, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3′‐Azido‐2′,3′‐dideoxy‐6‐methyluridine (VI), 2′,3′‐Dideoxy‐6‐methyluridine (IX) and 2′,3′‐Dideoxy‐2′,3′‐didehydro‐6‐methyluridine
Authors: HREBABECKY H. , HOLY A. , DE CLERCQ E.
Published: May 2016

(XII).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Facile Synthesis of 5‐Aryl‐4‐trifluoroacetyl‐6‐trifluoromethyl‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐1,3,4‐oxadiazines from Arylaldehydes.
Authors: KAMITORI Y. , HOJO M. , MASUDA R. , KAWAMURA Y. , KAWASAKI K. , IDA J.
Published: May 2016

The N,N‐dimethylhydrazones (III), generated from the benzaldehydes (I), are C‐acylated with trifluoroacetic anhydride (IV) to form the hydrazines (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Some Reactions of 2‐(2‐Aminoanilino)cyclohepta(b)pyrroles. Leading to 5H‐Cyclohepta(1′,2′:4,5)pyrrolo(2,3‐b)(1,5)benzodiazepine, a Novel 20π Antiaromatic System, and Cyclohepta(1′,2′:4,5)pyrrolo(1,2‐a)benzimidazoles.
Authors: ABE N. , ISHIKAWA N. , HAYASHI T. , MIURA Y.
Published: May 2016

In order to complete the study of azaazulenes, compound (III) is treated with some agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Binding Properties of Amide‐Functionalised Polyaza Macrocycles.
Authors: KATAKY R. , MATTHES K. E. , NICHOLSON P. E. , PARKER D. , BUSCHMANN H.‐J.
Published: May 2016

The title compounds (III), (V), (VII), (X), (XII), (XIII), and (XIV) are prepared according to procedures indicated in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Oxepins via the Cope Rearrangement of cis‐2,3‐Divinyl Epoxides.
Authors: CLARK D. L. , CHOU W.‐N. , WHITE J. B.
Published: May 2016

Reduction of the enynes (I) with metallic zinc generated in situ gives the dienes (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Boron. Part 206. Preparation and Structural Characterization of p‐Formylbenzeneboronic Acid.
Authors: FEULNER H. , LINTI G. , NOETH H. +
Published: May 2016

The title compound (III) crystallizes in the space group P1 with Z=2.
ChemInform Abstract: Unsaturated C3B2 Rings with Neighboring Boron Atoms. Derivatives of 4‐Methylene‐1,2‐diboracyclopentane, Dilithium 2,3‐diboratafulvene, and 1,2‐Dibora‐3‐cyclopentene.
Authors: HERBERICH G. E. , GANTER C. , WESEMANN L. , BOESE R.
Published: May 2016

By borylation of the trimethylenemethane dianion of (I) and reaction of the product with HCl it is possible for the first time, to synthesize the first 1,2‐C3B2 ring compound (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Surface Active, and Biocidic Properties of Trialkyl(3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)ammonium Salts.
Authors: HUETTINGER K. J. + , JUNG M. F. , SCHNELL M. C.
Published: May 2016

A series of ammonium salts such as (III) mentioned in the title is prepared by reaction of the tertiary amines (I) with the chloropropyltrimethoxysilane (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Trialkyl Phosphites with Phosphonodithioformates: Access to Substituted Methylenebisphosphonates via Stabilized Ylids.
Authors: BULPIN A. , MASSON S. , SENE A.
Published: May 2016

The dialkoxyphosphoryldithioformates (I) react with the trialkyl phosphites (II) to give the bisphosphonates (IV) via the intermediate P‐ylids (III).
ChemInform Abstract: The Insertion of Sulfur and Selenium into the 1,2‐Dihydrophosphete Ring.
Authors: HUY N. H. T. , MATHEY F.
Published: May 2016

Treatment of the 1,2‐dihydrophosphete complex (I) with sulfur or selenium (II) results in ring enlargement, forming the 2,5‐dihydro‐1,2‐thia(selena)phosphole complexes (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis and Structural Principles of the Strontium Phenoxide Sr4(OPh)8(PhOH)2(THF)6.
Authors: DRAKE S. R. , STREIB W. E. , CHISHOLM M. H. , CAULTON K. G.
Published: May 2016

The title compound (IV) crystallizes in the space group C2/c with Z=4.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive CC Coupling of Two Isocyanide Ligands Onto Mo(II) and W(II) Centers, a Reaction Sequence via Isocyanide and Aminocarbyne Complexes of Mo(0) and W(0).
Authors: FILIPPOU A. C. , GRUENLEITNER W. +
Published: May 2016

Octahedral alkylisocyanide complexes such as (I), accessible by reduction of (M(CNR)6Br)Br, and alkylisocyanide‐substituted aminocarbyne complexes of the type (III) are found to be key intermediates in the reductive coupling of two isocyanide ligands to a complexed alkyne.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloaddition Reactions of Organometallic Complexes. Part 11. Cobaltaheterocycles by (2 + 3) Cycloaddition of α‐Keto Carbenes to Co‐CO and Co‐CNR Bonds.
Authors: STRECKER B. , ZEIER B. , SCHULZ M. , WOLF J. , WERNER H.
Published: May 2016

Ten examples of cobaltaheterocycles such as (III) and (V) are prepared by the title cycloaddition reactions (formation mechanism).
ChemInform Abstract: Bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)silylene as Ligand in Gold(I) Chloride Complexes.
Authors: JUTZI P. , MOEHRKE A. +
Published: May 2016

The first real silylene complex (III) is obtained by the reaction of the silicocene (I) with the gold complex (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Reduction‐Oxidation Properties of Organo‐Transition‐Metal Complexes. Part 31. Reductive Elimination, Oxidative Addition and Substitution, and Migratory Insertion in Pentaphenylcyclopentadienylruthenium Nitrosyl Chemistry.
Authors: CONNELLY N. G. , LOYNS A. C. , MANNERS I. , MERCER D. L. , RICHARDSON K. E. , RIEGER P. H.
Published: May 2016

Bromide complexes such as (III) are chemically reduced with cobaltocene to give (IV), but electrochemically to give (IV) together with (V), the latter via the reaction of (III) with Br‐ ions.
ChemInform Abstract: Rose Pigments. Part 11. A Further, Now Successful Search for 3′‐Epilutein (Ia) in Plants.
Authors: MAERKI‐FISCHER E. + , EUGSTER C. H.
Published: May 2016

The extremely rare carotenoid (Ia), found till now in only one plant (Caltha palustris = Sumpfdotterblume), is detected in anthers of flowers of several roses and in those of peonies.
ChemInform Abstract: The Total Synthesis of 8β‐Hydroxycycloaraneosene (X) by Means of an Eight‐Membered Ring‐Formation via a Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Ene Reaction. Confirmation of Its Natural Occurrence.
Authors: KATO N. , WU X. , TANAKA S. , TAKESHITA H.
Published: May 2016

Lewis acid catalyzed ene reaction of the aldehyde (II) represents the key step in the synthesis of the cycloaraneosene ring system.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of α,γ‐Diamino‐β‐hydroxy Amino Acid Esters: A New Class of Amino Acids.
Authors: REETZ M. T. , WUENSCH T. + , HARMS K.
Published: May 2016

The stereoselective synthesis of α,γ‐diamino‐β‐hydroxy amino acid derivatives such as (V) having differently protected amino groups is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Acidic Opening of the Dihydropyran Ring of Hexa‐O‐acetyl‐D‐lactal and Subsequent Chain Elongation. Novel Approach to the Synthesis of Low Molecular Weight O‐Glycosides Containing a Diacetoxy Polyene Aglycone Moiety.
Authors: TOLSTIKOV G. A. , TOLSTIKOV A. G. , PROKOPENKO O. F. , KHALILOV L. M. , ODINOKOV V. N.
Published: May 2016

The acidic ring opening of the hydropyran ring of hexa‐O‐acetyl‐D‐lactal (I) followed by acetylation leads to the formation of the hexanal (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Gelsemium Alkaloids. Total Synthesis of (+)‐Koumine, (+)‐Taberpsychine, and (+)‐Koumidine.
Authors: MAGNUS P. , MUGRAGE B. , DELUCA M. R. , CAIN G. A.
Published: May 2016

Synthetic procedures which are used for the transformation of the intermediate (+)‐(VIII) to (+)‐koumidine (+)‐(XII) and (+)‐koumine (+)‐(XVI) are also applied to the synthesis of (+)‐taberpsychine (+)‐(XVII) from the intermediate (+)‐(IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Substituted (+)‐Bicuculline Derivatives Through Chloromethylation.
Authors: ALLAN R. D. , APOSTOPOULOS C.
Published: May 2016

Some new derivatives of (+)‐bicuculline (I) are prepared in order to test their antagonist activity and application for linking (I) to macromolecules.
ChemInform Abstract: The Total Synthesis of Rifamycin W.
Authors: NAKATA M. , AKIYAMA N. , KAMATA J. , KOJIMA K. , MASUDA H. , KINOSHITA M. , TATSUTA K.
Published: May 2016

The title antibiotic (IX) is assumed to be the biosynthetic intermediate of all rifamycins.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of FK506 and an FKBP Probe Reagent, (C8,C9‐13C2)‐FK506.
Authors: NAKATSUKA M. , RAGAN J. A. , SAMMAKIA T. , SMITH D. B. , UEHLING D. E. , SCHREIBER S. L.
Published: May 2016

The key steps in the synthesis of the title immunosuppressant FK506 (XI) are the couplings of the compounds (I) with (II) and (IV) with (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of Synthetic Dipotassium Zinc Tetrasilicate.
Authors: KOHARA S. , KAWAHARA A.
Published: May 2016

K2ZnSi4O10, which recently has been obtained by hydrothermal synthesis (873 K, 1000 kg/cm3, 72 h) from K2CO3, ZnO, SiO2, and H2O, crystallizes in the orthorhombic system (P212121, Z=4).
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of Cu(HPO3H)2.
Authors: SGHYAR M. , DURAND J. , COT L. , RAFIQ M.
Published: May 2016

Crystals of the title compound, obtained by evaporation of a solution containing CuO, H2PO3H, and H2O at 323 K, belong to the monoclinic space group P21/a, Z=4.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Growth and Structure of Olivine Type Compounds (Mn,Mg)2SiS4, (Mn,Fe)2SiS4, and (Mg,Fe)2SiS4.
Authors: FUHRMANN J. , PICKARDT J.
Published: May 2016

Single crystals of the Mg‐containing compounds (I) and (II) are obtained by chemical transport reactions in evacuated quartz ampoules (700 → 650 °C, up to 3 weeks), starting from appropriate mixtures of MgB2, MnS, and S8 (I) or MgB2, Fe, and S8 (II), whereas compound (III) is grown by reaction of MnS, Fe, Si, and S8 at 800 °C in a quartz ampoule.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure Refinement of the Copper Ion Conductor CuTeCl.
Authors: MILIUS W.
Published: May 2016

According to single crystal data, CuTeCl crystallizes in the tetragonal system (I41/amd, Z=16).
ChemInform Abstract: Nb6Cl12‐xI2+x (x < 2), a New Niobium Halide.
Authors: SAEGEBARTH M. + , SIMON A.
Published: May 2016

Crystals of Nb6Cl12‐xI2+x (x < 2) are prepared by annealing intimate mixtures of Nb3Cl8 and Nb3I8 in sealed Nb‐tubes at 1070 K. The homogeneity range of the new phase is 0 ≦ x ≦ 2. Single crystal data are reported for Nb6Cl12I2 and Nb6Cl10.8I3.2 (cubic, space group Pa3, Z=4).
ChemInform Abstract: Vibrational‐Spectroscopic Investigation on Some Mixed Calcium/Cadmium‐Hydroxylapatites.
Authors: NARDA G. E. , PEDREGOSA J. C. , ETCHEVERRY S. B. , BARAN E. J.
Published: May 2016

The IR spectra of Ca10‐xCdx(PO4)6(OH)2 with x = 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 are reported and the effect of Cd(II) substitution on the vibrational properties of the PO43‐ and OH‐ groups is discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: The Lead Anode in Alkaline Solutions. Part 3. Growth of Thick PbO Films.
Authors: BIRSS V. I. , SHEVALIER M. T.
Published: May 2016

The growth of PbO films in 1 N NaOH at a Pb anode is found to initiate by an instantaneous three‐dimensional nucleation process.
ChemInform Abstract: The Mechanism of Cathodic Disbonding of Hydroxy‐Terminated Polybutadiene on Steel from Acoustic Microscopy and Surface Energy Analysis.
Authors: KENDIG M. , ADDISON R. , JEANJAQUET S.
Published: May 2016

Under cathodic conditions, alkaline electrolysis products degrade the hydroxy‐terminated polybutadiene coating and cause it to disbond from the steel substrate in air‐saturated 0.5 M NaCl.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Crystal Structure of CrSO4·3 H2O.
Authors: DAHMEN T. , GLAUM R. , SCHMIDT G. , GRUEHN R.
Published: May 2016

Light blue crystals of the title hydrate, which is isotypical with CuSO4·3 H2O, are grown by evaporating a solution of metallic Cr in diluted H2SO4 at 70 °C. Single crystal X‐ray data are refined in the space group Cc with Z=4.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of (PPh4)4(Cu2Se14).
Authors: MUELLER U. + , HA‐EIERDANZ M.‐L. , KRAEUTER G. + , DEHNICKE K.
Published: May 2016

The title compound (IV) crystallizes in the space group P21 with Z=2.
ChemInform Abstract: Ba5Ru2O9Cl2, a New Structure Type of a New Ruthenium(V) Oxidechloride.
Authors: LANG CH. , MUELLER‐BUSCHBAUM HK. +
Published: May 2016

Single crystals of the title compound are prepared by reaction of BaCO3 and Ru metal in a BaCl2 flux (corundum crucible, 1000 °C, air, 3‐4 d).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Connection Pattern of Ir3O12 Octahedra Triplets in Ba4Ir3‐xTixO10 (x = 1.55).
Authors: MUELLER‐BUSCHBAUM HK. + , NEUBACHER M.
Published: May 2016

Single crystals of the title oxoiridates, obtained by reaction of Ir with BaCO3 and TiO2 (Ba:Ir:Ti = 3:1:2; BaCl2 as flux; air; 1000 °C, 5 d), belong to the orthorhombic space group Cmc21 with Z=4.
ChemInform Abstract: Variable‐Temperature and ‐Pressure Spectroscopic Studies of Norbornadiene
Authors: KAWAI N. T. , GILSON D. F. R. , BUTLER I. S.
Published: May 2016

(study of order‐disorder phase transition using variable‐temp.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkene Oxidation Catalyzed by a Ruthenium‐Substituted Heteropolyanion, SiRu(L)W11O39: The Mechanism of the Periodate Mediated Oxidative Cleavage.
Authors: NEUMANN R. , ABU‐GNIM C.
Published: May 2016

The heteropolyanion mentioned in the title is synthesized and characterized.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral α‐Hydroxy and α,β‐Dihydroxy Aldehydes from D‐Isoascorbic and L‐Ascorbic Acid. Useful Precursors for the Synthesis of Fatty Acid Metabolites.
Authors: LE MERRER Y. , GRAVIER‐PELLETIER C. , DUMAS J. , DEPEZAY J. C.
Published: May 2016

D‐Isoascorbic acid (I) is converted to the acetal (IV) which is subjected to ozonolysis and then reduced, forming the diol (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of Homoallyl Alcohols and 4‐Chlorotetrahydropyrans from Allylstannanes, Aldehydes and TiCl4 or Cp2TiCl2.
Authors: MARTON D. , TAGLIAVINI G. , ZORDAN M. , WARDELL J. L.
Published: May 2016

The stereoselectivity of the title reaction leading to the homoallylalcohols (III) and (IV) is influenced by the Lewis acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Carboannulation of 1,3‐Dienes by Aryl Halides.
Authors: LAROCK R. C. , FRIED C. A.
Published: May 2016

The title reaction of substrates such as (I), (IV), (VII), (IX), (XI) with dienes such as (II) or (V) in the presence of various bases gives rise to carboannulated products.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Titanium Derivatives of Some CH‐Acids with Carbonyl Compounds. Part 2. Aldol Condensations with Titanium Derivatives of Benzyl Cyanide, Isopropyl Phenylacetate, Phenyl Benzyl Ketone and Ethyl Benzyl Ketone.
Authors: KASATKIN A. N. , BIKTIMIROV R. KH. , TOLSTIKOV G. A. , NIKONENKO A. G.
Published: May 2016

Whereas aliphatic aldehydes (II) and ketones with the titanium reagent (I) form the aldol adducts (III) and (IV) in approximately equal erythro/threo ratio, with aromatic and heterocyclic aldehydes (V), α‐alkylidenephenylacetonitriles (VI) are obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Evidence that Palladium(0)‐Promoted Cyclizations of Unsaturated α‐Iodo Carbonyls Occur by an Atom Transfer Mechanism.
Authors: CURRAN D. P. , CHANG C.‐T.
Published: May 2016

Various unsaturated iodo esters are irradiated in the presence of hexabutyldistannane or treated with a palladium(0) complex to undergo ring closure.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemistry of Triarylsulfonium Salts.
Authors: DEKTAR J. L. , HACKER N. P.
Published: May 2016

Direct irradiation of the triphenylsulfonium salt (I) produces new rearrangement products, the phenylthiobiphenyls (III)‐(V), along with diphenyl sulfide (II) (previously reported), biphenyl, and acid HSbF6.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymic Hydroxylation and Sulfoxidation of Cyclopropyl Compounds by Fungal Biotransformation.
Authors: HOLLAND H. L. , CHERNISHENKO M. J. , CONN M. , MUNOZ A. , MANOHARAN T. S. , ZAWADSKI M. A.
Published: May 2016

The enzymic oxidation of a series of title compounds, e.g. (I), (III), (V), (VIII), leads to carbon hydroxylation and sulfoxidation reactions, but in neither case opening of the cyclopropyl ring occurs.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Amino Ketone Derivatives Leading to Practical Syntheses of (S)‐Propranolol and Related Compounds.
Authors: TAKAHASHI H. , SAKURABA S. , TAKEDA H. , ACHIWA K.
Published: May 2016

The asym. hydrogenation of the readily available ketone (IV) using an in situ prepared Rh(I) catalyst provides (S)‐propranolol hydrochloride (Va).
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Highly Electrophilic Polyfluorocarbonyl Compounds with Primary Arylamines.
Authors: CHKANIKOV N. D. , SVIRIDOV V. D. , ZELENIN A. E. , GALAKHOV M. V. , KOLOMIETS A. F. , FOKIN A. V.
Published: May 2016

The aromatic amines (I), (IV), and (VII) are coupled with the carbonyl compounds (II) to give the C‐hydroxyalkylation products (III), (V), and (VIII) respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel N‐Dealkylation Reaction of N,N‐Dialkylarylcarboxamides Promoted by Electron Transfer from Alkali Metals.
Authors: KARAMAN R. , FRY J. L.
Published: May 2016

The N,N‐dialkylbenzamides (I) are reduced with sodium in THF to form mixtures of the N‐monodealkylated amides (II), together with the ketones (III), the benzoins (IV), or the benzophenonecarboxamides (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Radical‐Induced Ring‐Opening Reaction of 1‐Trialkylsilyl‐2‐vinylcyclopropanes.
Authors: MIURA K. , OSHIMA K. , UTIMOTO K.
Published: May 2016

The title cyclopropanes, e.g. (IV), (XI) and (XIV), are prepared by two different synthetic procedures described in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Properties of 2‐(Dialkylaminomethyl)cyclohexyl and 2‐(Dialkylaminomethyl)phenyl Carbanilates.
Authors: BRADLEROVA A. , PRONAYOVA N. , MISIKOVA E. , DURINDA J.
Published: May 2016

A series of carbanilates (III)‐(VI) are synthesized according to the reaction leading to (III) exemplified in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antifungal Evaluation of Some 3‐Phenyl‐2,5‐Disubstituted Indoles Derived from New Ethyl 2‐Benzyl‐2‐(N‐(aryl)hydrazono)ethanoates.
Authors: ERGENC N. , SALMAN A. , GUERSOY A. + , BANKAOGLU G.
Published: May 2016

The benzylacetoacetate (I) is coupled with the diazonium salts (II) to form the hydrazones (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4‐(Functionally Substituted) Oxazoles and Thiazoles from N‐(2,2‐Dichloroethenyl)carboxamides and ‐thiocarboxamides.
Authors: VINOGRADOVA T. K. , TUROV V. V. , DRACH B. S.
Published: May 2016

Oxazoles (V) can be prepared by cyclization of the alkylidenebisamides (IV), obtained from the enamides (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Cycloadditions of Chiral Acylnitroso Compounds. An Approach to Carbapenem Synthesis.
Authors: MORLEY A. D. , HOLLINSHEAD D. M. , PROCTER G.
Published: May 2016

The adduct (I), obtained from a benzoyl nitroso intermediate and cyclopentadiene, is cleaved by aluminum amalgam and then oxidized to give the amidocyclopentenone (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on the Cyclization of 4‐(2′‐Cyclohexenyl)‐3‐hydroxy(1)benzopyran‐2‐one.
Authors: MAJUMDAR K. C. , KHAN A. T. , GUPTA A. K. , DEY K.
Published: May 2016

The hydroxycoumarin (I) is coupled with the allylic bromide (II) to give the cyclohexenylcoumarin (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Structural and Synthetic Studies in the 4‐Phenyl‐1,3‐dioxane Series. Part 2.
Authors: VASILIONI V. , DARABANTU M. , MAGER S. , FEY L. , FODOR C. , COTORA V.
Published: May 2016

Nitration of the 5‐chloro‐4‐phenyl‐1,3‐dioxane (I), leading predominantly to the formation of the p‐nitro derivative (III), is studied in detail.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclic Guanidines: Synthesis of 4,6,7,8‐Tetrahydro‐1H‐imidazo(1,2‐a)pyrazolo(3,4‐d)pyrimidin‐7‐ones and 1,4,6,7,8,9‐Hexahydropyrazolo(3′,4′:4,5)pyrimido(2,1‐c)(1,2,4)triazin‐7‐ones.
Authors: FERRONI R. , SIMONI D. , ORLANDINI P. , GUARNERI M. , BERTOLASI V. , FERRETTI V.
Published: May 2016

The new title compounds (V), (VII), (IX) and (XI) are synthesized with the view to obtaining potential platelet aggregation inhibitors.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis of 6‐C‐Substituted 9‐Methoxymethylpurine Derivatives.
Authors: HAMAMICHI N. , MIYASAKA T.
Published: May 2016

Catalytic hydrogenation of the 6‐cyanomethylene derivative obtained from (I)/(II) is highly chemoselective to give the nitrile (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Pteridines. Part 45. Synthesis of New N‐5‐Acyl‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydropterins.
Authors: LOCKART R. J. , PFLEIDERER W.
Published: May 2016

6,7‐Dimethylpteridine (I) is N‐acylated with isobutyric anhydride (II) and then hydrogenated to produce the dihydropteridine (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Amino Oximes. Part 19. Reaction of β‐Benzylamino Oximes with Sulfuryl Chloride.
Authors: GNICHTEL H. , KOEHLER C. +
Published: May 2016

The behaviour of the thiadiazines (III) towards some reagents is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Trialkylsilyl Trifluoromethanesulfonates. Part 9. Electrophilic Silylation of Electron‐Rich Alkenes.
Authors: SCHULZ D. , SIMCHEN G.
Published: May 2016

Ketene O,O‐, O,S‐, and O,N‐acetals such as (I), (IV), (VI) are converted into C‐silylated derivatives by reaction with trimethylsilyl triflate (II)/Et3N or (II)/NaH.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Heteryl‐Silanes and ‐Germanes with Metal Hydrides.
Authors: GEVORGYAN V. , BORISOVA L. , LUKEVICS E.
Published: May 2016

A series of heterylsilanes and ‐germanes (I)‐(V) containing a different number of dihydrofuryl and dihydropyranol groups at the metal atom are obtained by reaction of corresponding chlorosilanes and chlorogermanes with 2‐dihydrofuryl‐Li and 2‐dihydropyranyl‐Li in hexane/THF at low temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of 2‐(N‐2‐Hydroxyalkyl‐N,N‐dimethylammonio)ethyl Hydrogen Phosphates and Their Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Properties.
Authors: TSUBONE K. , UCHIDA N.
Published: May 2016

Treatment of the epoxides (I) with the aminoethanol (II) and subsequent coupling with methyl iodide (III) produces the ammonium salts (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: ((Dimethylphenylsilyl)tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)thallium(I) and ((Benzyldimethylsilyl)tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)thallium(I) ‐ Polymeric Organometallic Compounds with Chain Structure.
Authors: SCHUMANN H. , KUCHT H. , DIETRICH A. , ESSER L.
Published: May 2016

The silyltetramethylcyclopentadienes (I) obtained from tetramethylcyclopentadienyl‐Li and corresponding chlorodimethylsilanes in 68/91% yield react with Tl ethylate (II) to give the title compounds (IIIa) and (IIIb) (for both space group P21/c, Z=4).
ChemInform Abstract: Silylating and Desilylating Experiments with Sterically Hindered Stannyl Phosphanes.
Authors: HAENSSGEN D. + , ALDENHOVEN H.
Published: May 2016

The reaction of bis(tert.‐butyl)dichlorostannane (I) with the disilylphosphane (II) leads to the four‐membered ring (III) instead of the expected tBu2Sn(P(Me)Tms)2.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Chiloscyphone, Sesquiterpenoid Isolated from the Liverwort. Absolute Configuration of (‐)‐Chiloscyphone and (+)‐Chiloscypholone.
Authors: TORI M. , HASEBE T. , ASAKAWA Y.
Published: May 2016

Comparison of the optical rotation of the terpene (‐)‐(XIV) with that of natural chiloscyphone shows that both compounds are identical.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfonamidoglycosylation of Glycals. A Route to Oligosaccharides with 2‐Aminohexose Subunits.
Authors: GRIFFITH D. A. , DANISHEFSKY S. J.
Published: May 2016

Sulfonamidohexoses, e.g. (III), react with sugar derivatives such as (IV) via a sulfonylaziridine intermediate to give the corresponding β‐linke disaccharides, e.g. (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Nitrone Cycloadditions: Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Andrachamine.
Authors: CARRUTHERS W. , COGGINS P. , WESTON J. B.
Published: May 2016

The usefulness of the cycloaddition of alkenes to tetrahydropyridine oxides for the preparation of trans‐dialkylpiperidines is confirmed by a stereoselective synthesis of (±)‐andrachamine (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Methynolide.
Authors: DITRICH K.
Published: May 2016

The title compound (VIII) is prepared by a convergent synthesis with a total effort of 20 steps starting from D‐fructose.
ChemInform Abstract: A Short Stereoselective Synthesis of Erbstatin.
Authors: STOELWINDER J. , VAN LEUSEN A. M.
Published: May 2016

Reaction of 2,5‐dimethoxybenzaldehyde (I) with the phosphonate (II) in the presence of BuLi yields the isocyanide (III).
ChemInform Abstract: C‐H Insertion Method for the Chiral Tertiary Alcohol: Formal Synthesis of (‐)‐Frontalin.
Authors: OHIRA S. , ISHI S. , SHINOHARA K. , NOZAKI H.
Published: May 2016

The chiral glyceraldehyde acetal (I) is olefinated and then hydrogenated to form the ketone (III).
Physical–Chemical Properties of the Chiral Fungicide Fenamidone and Strategies for Enantioselective Crystallization
Authors: Kort Anne‐Kathleen , Lorenz Heike , Seidel‐Morgenstern Andreas
Published: May 2016

Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters are of prime importance for designing crystallization processes. In this article, Preferential Crystallization, as a special approach to carry out enantioselective crystallization, is described to resolve the enantiomers of the chiral fungicide fenamidone. In preliminary investigations the melting behavior and solid–liquid equilibria in the presence of solvents were quantified. The analyses revealed a stable solid phase behavior of fenamidone in the applied solvents. Based on the results obtained, a two–step crystallization route was designed and realized capable of providing highly pure enantiomers. An initial Preferential Crystallization of the racemate was performed prior to crystallizing the target enantiomer preferentially out of the enriched mother liquor. Chirality 28:514–520, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Catchment response to lava damming: integrating field observation, geochronology and landscape evolution modelling
Authors: van Gorp Wouter , Schoorl Jeroen M. , Temme Arnaud J. A. M. , Reimann Tony , Wijbrans Jan R. , Maddy Darrel , Demir Tuncer , Veldkamp Tom
Published: May 2016

Combining field reconstruction and landscape evolution modelling can be useful to investigate the relative role of different drivers on catchment response. The Geren Catchment (~45 km2) in western Turkey is suitable for such a study, as it has been influenced by uplift, climate change and lava damming. Four Middle Pleistocene lava flows (40Ar/39Ar‐ dated from 310 to 175 ka) filled and dammed the Gediz River at the Gediz–Geren confluence, resulting in base‐level fluctuations of the otherwise uplift‐driven incising river. Field reconstruction and luminescence dating suggest fluvial terraces in the Geren Catchment are capped by Middle Pleistocene aggradational fills. This showed that incision of the Geren trunk stream has been delayed until the end of MIS 5. Subsequently, the catchment has responded to base‐level lowering since MIS 4 by 30 m of stepped net incision. Field reconstruction left us with uncertainty on the main drivers of terrace formation. Therefore, we used landscape evolution modelling to investigate catchment response to three scenarios of base‐level change: (i) uplift with climate change (rainfall and vegetation based on arboreal pollen); (ii) uplift, climate change and short‐lived damming events; (iii) uplift, climate and long‐lived damming events. Outputs were evaluated for erosion–aggradation evolution in trunk streams at two different distances from the catchment outlet. Climate influences erosion–aggradation activity in the catchment, although internal feedbacks influence timing and magnitude. Furthermore, lava damming events partly control if and where these climate‐driven aggradations occur. Damming thus leaves a legacy on current landscape evolution. Catchment response to long‐duration damming events corresponds best with field reconstruction and dating. The combination of climate and base level explains a significant part of the landscape evolution history of the Geren Catchment. By combining model results with fieldwork, additional conclusions on landscape evolution could be drawn. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Demand‐aware resource allocation for ultra‐dense small cell networks: an interference‐separation clustering‐based solution
Authors: Qiu Junfei , Wu Qihui , Xu Yuhua , Sun Youming , Wu Ducheng
Published: May 2016

In this paper, we present a novel clustering‐based resource allocation framework for downlink transmission in ultra‐dense small cell networks. Specifically, we first model a combinatorial optimisation problem that jointly considers subchannel and power allocation and user traffic demand in terms of a large‐scale network scenario. Unfortunately, the huge communication overhead and computational complexity make it challenging for traditional centralised/distributed solutions. To address this issue, we propose an interference‐separation clustering‐based scheme to divide the massive small cells into smaller groups with different priorities, which reduces the network scale. Different from the existing cluster construction scheme, the proposed clustering method effectively avoids the inter‐cluster interference through coordination. Then, for a given cluster configuration, we formulate the distributed resource allocation problem as a local interaction game where the utility of each player comprises not only its own profits but also the interests of neighbours. We prove the existence of Nash equilibrium for the formulated game and design a hierarchical learning algorithm to achieve the Nash equilibrium, which only needs local information exchange. Finally, simulation results validate that the proposed solution outperforms some other existing approaches and is more suitable for large‐scale networks. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nomogram prediction for survival of patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Bobdey Saurabh , Balasubramaniam Ganesh , Mishra Prabhashankar
Published: May 2016

Background

Nomograms are visual predictive tools that are widely used for estimating cancer prognosis. The purpose of this study was to develop a prognostic tool that will accurately predict overall survival (OS) in individual patients with oral cancer.

Methods

Medical records of 609 patients with cancer of the oral cavity were retrospectively analyzed. The stepdown method was used to select the statistically most influential predictors for inclusion in the final nomogram for predicting OS.

Results

The most influential predictors of mortality probability were age, comorbidities, clinical lymph node status, stage of disease, tumor thickness, differentiation, and perineural invasion. Nomogram was developed for prediction of 5‐year OS.

Conclusion

Nomogram has been widely used in a number of cancers, but its application in oral cancer prognostication has not been explored. In this study, we have developed a nomogram that can accurately estimate 5‐year OS in patients with oral cavity cancer. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 1826–1831, 2016
Curriculum Matters: The Common Core, Authors of Color, and Inclusion for Inclusion's Sake
Authors: Berchini Christina
Published: May 2016

In this article, the author employs a critical analysis of a short story with cross‐cultural themes to illustrate how it is framed in a widely used textbook aligned with the Common Core State Standards. The author shows how the inclusion of literature by authors of color in any curriculum does not necessitate that the needs of racially, culturally, and ethnically diverse student populations are being met in meaningful ways. The author concludes this article with implications and suggestions for instructional practice which center on identifying the counter‐stories that might be hidden beneath a diluted treatment of important contributions to children's literacy engagements made by authors of color. In short, the author argues that how students and teachers are served by corporatized recommendations for literacy engagement is an issue worthy of sustained and critical attention.
Mechanoresponsiveness of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in in vitro chondrogenesis—A comparative study with growth factor induction
Authors: Remya N. S. , Nair Prabha D.
Published: May 2016

Fetal‐derived mesenchymal stem cells especially human umbilical cord matrix mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs), with their ease of availability, pluripotency, and high expansion potential have emerged as an alternative solution for stem cell based cartilage therapies. An attempt to elucidate the effect of dynamic mechanical compression in modulating the chondrogenic differentiation of hUCMSCs is done in this study to add on to the knowledge of optimizing chondrogenic signals necessary for the effective differentiation of these stem cells and subsequent integration to the surrounding tissues. hUCMSCs were seeded in porous poly (vinyl alcohol)‐poly (caprolactone) (PVA‐PCL) scaffolds and cultured in chondrogenic medium with/without TGF‐β3 and were subjected to a dynamic compression of 10% strain, 1 Hz for 1/4 h for 7 days. The results on various analysis shows that the extent of dynamic compression is an important factor affecting cell viability. Mechanical stimulation in the form of dynamic compression stimulates expression of chondrogenic genes even in the absence of chondrogenic growth factors and also augments growth factor induced chondrogenic potential of hUCMSC. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2554–2566, 2016.
The Effect of Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency on the Level of P‐Selectin and hs‐CRP in Patients With Thromboembolism: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Hejazi Mohammad Esmaeil , Modarresi‐Ghazani Faezeh , Hamishehkar Hadi , Mesgari‐Abbasi Mehran , Dousti Samaneh , Entezari‐Maleki Taher
Published: May 2016

Despite the known role of vitamin D deficiency in development of thrombosis, no studies have evaluated the impact of treating of vitamin D deficiency on the markers of thrombosis. A pilot randomized clinical trial was done on 40 vitamin D–deficient patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). The intervention group received an oral dose of 50,000 IU vitamin D3 every week for 8 weeks, followed by 1 pearl every 2 weeks for 4 weeks (a total of 3 months), while the control group did not receive vitamin D. Then, P‐selectin and hs‐CRP were measured at baseline and 1 and 3 months after the intervention. There was no significant decrease in hs‐CRP in either group after 1 month (P = .955) or after 3 months (P = .525). Likewise, there was no significant decrease in P‐selectin between the 2 groups after 1 month (P = .921) or 3 months (P = .795). The results indicated that treatment of vitamin D deficiency had no significant effect on hs‐CRP or P‐selectin after 3 months among DVT/PE patients. However, treatment of vitamin D deficiency in these patients resulted in the control of the international normalized ratio (INR) with the lower doses of warfarin. This observation is the first clinical report of enhancement of the anticoagulant effect of warfarin by the supplementing of vitamin D. Larger trials are needed to clearly show the effect of treating of vitamin D deficiency on thrombosis.
Decreased Morphine Clearance in Neonates With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Receiving Hypothermia
Authors: Frymoyer Adam , Bonifacio Sonia L. , Drover David R. , Su Felice , Wustoff Courtney J. , Van Meurs Krisa P.
Published: May 2016

Morphine is commonly used in neonates with hypothermic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) during therapeutic hypothermia to provide comfort and analgesia. However, pharmacokinetic data to support morphine dosing in this vulnerable population are lacking. A prospective, 2‐center clinical pharmacokinetic study of morphine was conducted in 20 neonates (birthweight, 1.82–5.3 kg) with HIE receiving hypothermia. Morphine dosing was per standard of care at each center. Morphine and glucuronide metabolites (morphine‐3‐glucuronide and morphine‐6‐gluronide) were measured via a validated dried blood spot liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry assay. From the available concentration data (n = 106 for morphine; n = 106 for each metabolite), a population pharmacokinetic model was developed using nonlinear mixed‐effects modeling. The clearance of morphine and glucuronide metabolites was best predicted by birthweight allometrically scaled using an exponent of 1.23. In addition, the clearance of each glucuronide metabolite was influenced by serum creatinine. No other significant predictors of clearance or volume of distribution were found. For a 3.5‐kg neonate, morphine clearance was 0.77 L/h (CV, 48%), and the steady‐state volume of distribution was 8.0 L (CV, 49%). Compared with previous studies in full‐term newborns without HIE, morphine clearance was markedly lower. Dosing strategies customized for this vulnerable population will be needed. Applying the final population pharmacokinetic model, repeated Monte Carlo simulations (n = 1000 per simulation) were performed to evaluate various morphine dosing strategies that optimized achievement of morphine concentrations between 10 and 40 ng/mL. An optimized morphine loading dose of 50 μg/kg followed by a continuous infusion of 5 μg/kg/h was predicted across birthweights.
Toroidal graphs containing neither nor 6‐cycles are 4‐choosable
Authors: Choi Ilkyoo
Published: May 2016

The choosability of a graph G is the minimum k such that having k colors available at each vertex guarantees a proper coloring. Given a toroidal graph G, it is known that , and if and only if G contains K7. Cai et al. (J Graph Theory 65(1) (2010), 1–15) proved that a toroidal graph G without 7‐cycles is 6‐choosable, and if and only if G contains K6. They also proved that a toroidal graph G without 6‐cycles is 5‐choosable, and conjectured that if and only if G contains K5. We disprove this conjecture by constructing an infinite family of non‐4‐colorable toroidal graphs with neither K5 nor cycles of length at least 6; moreover, this family of graphs is embeddable on every surface except the plane and the projective plane. Instead, we prove the following slightly weaker statement suggested by Zhu: toroidal graphs containing neither (a K5 missing one edge) nor 6‐cycles are 4‐choosable. This is sharp in the sense that forbidding only one of the two structures does not ensure that the graph is 4‐choosable.
Influence of different salting processes on the evolution of the volatile metabolites of vacuum‐packed fillets of farmed and wild sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) stored under refrigeration conditions: a study by SPME‐GC/MS
Authors: Vidal Natalia P , Manzanos María J , Goicoechea Encarnación , Guillén María D
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUND

Fish shelf‐life extension is a topic of great interest. In this study the behaviour of salted and unsalted farmed and wild European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fillets during storage was analysed through the evolution of their volatile metabolites. Farmed and wild sea bass fillets were brine‐salted for 15 or 75 min, or dry‐salted, vacuum‐packed and stored at 4 °C for up to 1 month, and their headspaces were studied by Solid Phase Micro extraction–Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (SPME‐GC/MS).

RESULTS

At the same storage time, unsalted wild fillets contained, in general, a higher number and abundance of volatile compounds coming from microbiological or endogenous enzymatic activity than unsalted farmed ones. The more intense the salting, the lower the number and abundance of microbiological spoilage metabolites, especially in wild samples. The appearance of oxidation metabolites only in dry‐salted wild samples evidences that this kind of salting provokes a certain oxidation in these samples.

CONCLUSIONS

The better performance of farmed than wild fillets suggests that salted farmed fillets, vacuum‐packed and stored under refrigeration conditions, could be a successful alternative to diversify the presence of sea bass in the market. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
International publishing partnerships for China's English language journals and financial security
Authors: Lin Songqing , Zhan Lijuan
Published: May 2016

This article considers China's English language journals (CELJs) and looks at two aspects of partnership with international publishers: the financial cost and their ability to deliver the quick success objectives of the journals. Success is defined as being indexed in international databases such as SCI (Science Citation Index) and Ei (Engineering Index) Compendex databases. Our research shows that 226 CELJs (57.8%) have an international publishing partnership with publishers such as Springer, Elsevier, and Wiley. A survey of 12 CELJs in Hubei Province, China, shows that 75% journals have financial pressures on the journal operation. The Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (
JRMGE
) is provided as an illustration of the operation costs of CELJs and to demonstrate the associated financial pressures. We conclude that although international partnership is an on‐going fashion at present in China, it has both benefits and limitations. We also propose that to reduce the financial pressure on CELJs, government funding should be differently apportioned, providing a better return on investment (ROI).
Photoinduced Synthesis of Dual‐Emissive Tetraphenylethene‐Based Dendrimers with Tunable Aggregates and Solution States Emissions
Authors: Abd‐El‐Aziz Alaa S. , Agatemor Christian , Etkin Nola , Wagner Brian
Published: May 2016

Photoactive materials are actively researched, piloting breakthroughs that have enriched fundamental understanding of science, and have led to real applications. Tetraphenylethene, a photoactive molecule that is of interest from fundamental and applied perspectives, features photochemical properties that are not exploited in the design of photoactive, dual‐emissive materials. Here, tetraphenylethene‐based, dual‐emissive dendrimers are constructed via a synthetic approach that involves a photochemical reaction that exploits the photochemistry of tetraphenylethene. These dendrimers are emissive in solution and in the aggregate state with tunable dual emissions at 368 and 469 nm. The photochemical reaction also tunes the size of the aggregates, increasing the size after UV irradiation. The reported synthetic strategy is a direct and facile approach to accessing dual‐emissive macromolecules, especially tetraphenylethene‐based systems for real applications.

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RFX1 maintains testis cord integrity by regulating the expression of Itga6 in male mouse embryos
Authors: Wang Bo , Qi Tao , Chen Shi‐Qin , Ye Lei , Huang Zhan‐Sen , Li Hao
Published: May 2016

Formation and maintenance of testis cords during embryogenesis are essential for establishing testicular structure and function in adults. At least five genes (Wt1, Dhh, Sox8/Sox9, and Dax1) appear to be required for the maintenance of testis cord integrity in mice. Here, we report that RFX1 is specifically expressed in fetal Sertoli cells. Mouse embryos conditionally deficient in Rfx1 (Rfx1flox/flox, Amh‐Cre) possessed disrupted testis cords, as the basal lamina lining was fragmented or completely absent in some areas of the testes. Spermatogenesis was blocked, leading to complete infertility. Expression of integrin alpha‐6 was significantly decreased in Rfx1‐deficient testes compared to control testes; indeed, luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated that RFX1 directly activates transcription of Itga6 (the gene coding for integrin alpha‐6). Taken together, RFX1 transcriptionally targets Itga6 in Sertoli cells, thereby, helping maintain the integrity of the basal lamina during testis cord development. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 606–614, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gonad development and hermaphroditism in the ascidian Botryllus schlosseri
Authors: Rodriguez Delany , Kassmer Susannah H. , De Tomaso Anthony W.
Published: May 2016

The colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri is an ideal model organism for studying gonad development and hermaphroditism. B. schlosseri has been reared in laboratories for over half a century, and its unique biology allows investigators to probe the processes of germ cell migration and gonad formation, resorption, and regeneration. Following metamorphosis, colonies of B. schlosseri show a synchronized and sequential fertility program that, under standard laboratory conditions, begins with a juvenile stage with no visible gonads and subsequently develops testes at 9 weeks followed later by the production of oocytes—thus resulting in hermaphroditic individuals. The timing of oocyte production varies according to the season, and adult B. schlosseri colonies can cycle among infertile and both male and hermaphrodite fertile states in response to changing environmental conditions. Thus, these acidians are amenable to studying the molecular mechanisms controlling fertility, and recent genomic and transcriptomic databases are providing insight to the key genes involved. Here, we review the techniques and approaches developed to study germ cell migration and gonad formation in B. schlosseri, and include novel videos showing processes related to oocyte ovulation and sperm discharge. In the future, this valuable invertebrate model system may help understand the mechanisms of gonad development and regeneration in a chordate. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 84: 158–170, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Retest of a Principal Components Analysis of Two Household Environmental Risk Instruments
Authors: Oneal Gail A. , Postma Julie , Odom‐Maryon Tamara , Butterfield Patricia
Published: May 2016

Household Risk Perception (HRP) and Self‐Efficacy in Environmental Risk Reduction (SEERR) instruments were developed for a public health nurse‐delivered intervention designed to reduce home‐based, environmental health risks among rural, low‐income families. The purpose of this study was to test both instruments in a second low‐income population that differed geographically and economically from the original sample. Participants (N = 199) were recruited from the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program. Paper and pencil surveys were collected at WIC sites by research‐trained student nurses. Exploratory principal components analysis (PCA) was conducted, and comparisons were made to the original PCA for the purpose of data reduction. Instruments showed satisfactory Cronbach alpha values for all components. HRP components were reduced from five to four, which explained 70% of variance. The components were labeled sensed risks, unseen risks, severity of risks, and knowledge. In contrast to the original testing, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) items was not a separate component of the HRP. The SEERR analysis demonstrated four components explaining 71% of variance, with similar patterns of items as in the first study, including a component on ETS, but some differences in item location. Although low‐income populations constituted both samples, differences in demographics and risk exposures may have played a role in component and item locations. Findings provided justification for changing or reducing items, and for tailoring the instruments to population‐level risks and behaviors. Although analytic refinement will continue, both instruments advance the measurement of environmental health risk perception and self‐efficacy. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.