bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the DEA-Dynamic Efficiency of Significant Sectors of the Russian Economy
Authors:   Tomsk Polytechnic University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Akerman Elena N. , Mikhalchuk Alexander A. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Spitsin Vladislav V. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University (Tomsk, Russian Federation); Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Chistyakova Natalia O. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
Published: October 2020

The relevance of the research is due to the technological lag and low efficiency of Russian companies, which makes the development of a methodology for simulation innovation strategies particularly important. The authors tested the tools of the dynamic efficiency of the DEA model for evaluating the potential of significant sectors of the Russian economy and for forming simulation innovation strategies in these sectors. The following results were obtained: DEA-efficiency indicators of companies were calculated based on a set of cost and profit financial and economic indicators; heterogeneities of companies’ static and dynamic performance indicators were identified; time trends of dynamic performance indicators were evaluated; the sectors were compared based on a set of static and dynamic performance indicators.
Analysis of the Current Competencies of Management Personnel for the Real Sector of the Economy in the Context of Digitalization
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (Moscow, Russian Federation), Mozhaeva Galina V. , Maximova Maria V. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (Moscow, Russian Federation), Selivanova Marina A. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (Moscow, Russian Federation)
Published: October 2020

The article presents the results of an analysis of studies by international organisations and foreign researchers on the current competencies of management personnel for the real sector of the economy in the context of digitalization. The authors examined the foreign experience of training management personnel, educational programmes and leaders’ competencies they reflect, taking into account digital transformation. The analysis shows that competencies relevant for modern managers are digital, social, and personal. The authors make a number of proposals for the modernisation of existing training programmes and formation of new ones within the framework of the presidential programme for training management personnel for organisations of the national economy of the Russian Federation.
Methodological Aspects of the Financial Stability of Iraq’s Banking System
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (Moscow, Russian Federation), Shubbar Haider H. Dipheal
Published: October 2020

This article discusses the methodology the Central Bank of Iraq developed to assess the financial stability of commercial banks. This topic is relevant because, in modern economic conditions, the Central Bank of Iraq is forced to tighten requirements to credit institutions. Banks use not only their own funds, but also the funds of the population, legal entities, so they must be reliable and stable. Financial stability directly characterises the reliability of banks, so it must be strictly controlled. The Central Bank of Iraq has created its own methodology for assessing the financial stability of the banking sector. Its use should improve the quality of the created banking system development strategies and the financial monitoring of these strategies’ implementation. The Iraqi banking sector has a high level of capital adequacy, which helps to reduce the likelihood of financial distress in it.
Clusters in the Development of Innovations in Healthcare
Authors:   Volga State University of Technology (Yoshkar-Ola, Russian Federation), Guliyev Emin Anvar oqlu ,   Azerbaijan Tourism and Management University (Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan)
Published: October 2020

Infrastructure plays a key role in the socioeconomic development of society. Societies, in which the development of infrastructure does not meet the trend of economic development, have a slower socioeconomic development and lower living standards. The development of infrastructure creates the basis for economic growth, increased investment and efficient use of resources, and has a positive impact on improving the living standards of the population and on solving social problems. The use of clusters, which are the regions’ economic management system that meets the social needs of the population, especially in healthcare, gives positive outcomes. Modernisation of the healthcare system, better quality and accessibility of medical services, preparedness for emergencies and flexibility create new duties for the system participants. To achieve the goals, a medical cluster is required to increase the innovative potential of medical institutions and the quality of their services, to create favourable conditions for their activities. The state should perform the functions of management and regulation by applying standards that will ensure flexibility and fairness in addressing theoretical and practical issues in the creation of a system for managing the development of market infrastructure. The article provides a brief description of the goals and objectives of clusters and their role in the development of innovations in the healthcare sector and analyses the integration of science, education, medical organisations and business for the creation of territorial clusters. The focus of the study is on the role of infrastructure in the formation of clusters. The article gives proposals for developing and increasing the role of clusters created in the field of medicine to solve existing social problems, especially in the field of healthcare. The material of the study was scientific books and articles on infrastructure, clusters, medical clusters. The research methods were systematic and comparative analysis, logical generalisation, statistical grouping, etc. The development of the infrastructure can solve important socioeconomic problems: reduce the total costs of cluster participants, increase the investment attractiveness of the cluster and its individual participants, use resources positively through the joint application of medical equipment and technologies, ensure the quality and accessibility of medical care, develop competitive environment, etc.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMIES OF IRAN AND RUSSIA UNDER THE NEW CORONAVIRUS OUTBREAK
Authors:   University of Tehran (Tehran, Iran), Rasoulinezhad Ehsan
Published: October 2020

The new coronavirus outbreak has created a serious problem for the economies of Iran and Russia, which are experiencing sanctions and low oil prices. In this article, the author tries to explain the impact of the new coronavirus outbreak on the economies and politics of Iran and Russia. The major results show that the three challenges associated with sanctions, the shock of global oil prices, and the new coronavirus outbreak can lead to different scenarios for the future of Iran and Russia. Eight different scenarios (slow economic growth, economic prosperity, weak recession, economic recovery, medium recession, economic stagnation, strong recession, and economic transformation) are identified and explained by combinations of these three issues. Regarding the current low oil prices (due to the pandemic and the Saudi price war), Western sanctions against Iran and Russia, and also uncertainty about the end of the coronavirus, scenario No. 8 (economic transformation) will be the most likely situation for the economies of Russia and Iran. As the results of this scenario, the digitalization of the economies in these two countries will be improved, and the role of governments in economic mechanisms will be higher than before the coronavirus outbreak. In addition, regionalization and Asianization will be accelerated to reduce the effect of sanctions.
Development Directions of Housing and Communal Services of Russia
Authors:   OOO “Gruppa companiy Upravdom” (Dzerzhinsk, Russian Federation), Kemaykin Nikolay K. , Pavlenkov Mikhail N. ,   Dzerzhinsk Branch of Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod (Dzerzhinsk, Russian Federation)
Published: October 2020

In this article, the authors propose a study of modern trends in the development of housing and communal services in Russia. They analysed the latest studies on the topic and identified the most popular areas of development. The authors strategically analysed the internal and external environment of the industry using the method of SWOT analysis and surveyed specialists and managers of enterprises of housing and communal services. As a result of a critical evaluation of the existing popular development areas in the housing and utilities sector, the authors formulated the main priority areas for the development of the industry. They proposed development tasks for each area. The implementation of the tasks, according to the authors, will ensure sustainable development of the housing and communal services industry. This study is significant for the development of the theory of strategic management in the field of housing and communal services. The work is of great practical importance, as it acts as a guideline for conducting strategic analysis and developing strategies for enterprises of the housing and communal complex, and also allows determining the main directions and trends in the development of housing and communal services in Russia.
Consideration of Border Potential in Socioeconomic Development Strategies of TransUral Municipalities
Authors:   Kurgan Branch of the Institute of Economics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Kurgan, Russian Federation), Studentova Ekaterina A. ,   Kurgan State University (Kurgan, Russian Federation)
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to the problems of the development of border areas of the Russian Federation. The aim of the study is to identify patterns between the level of development of border areas and the elaboration of the current strategy of the socioeconomic development of a municipal formation. The current state of the border of the Trans-Urals is analysed. An inverse proportion between the level of the socioeconomic development of the municipal formation and the length of the state border is revealed. The main areas of cooperation between the Kurgan region and the Republic of Kazakhstan are described. The use of the potential of the territory as a structural unit of the border space is assessed qualitatively. The article concludes that the borderline factor has a negative effect on the quality of life in the region in modern conditions, and therefore the main adaptation mechanism of the population is migration to municipal formations with a higher level of socioeconomic development. The results of the study can be used in developing the socioeconomic development strategy of the border municipal formations.
Development of the Human Capital Theory in the 21st Century: Megatrends and the Russian Context
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Kudelina Olga V. , Adova Irina B. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation); Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation)
Published: October 2020

The authors review the development of the human capital theory with its four main stages in terms of components and the studied proxy variables: classical thoughts about investment in human capital, economic fundamental research in the field of human capital, research in the field of the theory of investment in human capital, the transformation of views on the theory of human capital. The established periodisation of the stages of human capital development shows that since 2010 a new era of human capital formation has been forming under changes in the paradigm of socioeconomic relations caused by the explosive growth of digital technologies and the pronounced individualisation of human labour, which has become less institutionalised. As a result of a bibliographic search, the authors found that more than half of the publications on human capital in the Scopus database (66.1%) cover the period from 2010 to 2020. The most active research in this area is conducted in the United States, the United Kingdom, China, Germany, and Russia. Research interests are expanding from socioeconomic sciences to computer science, engineering, the humanities, and environmental sciences.
Employment of the Rural Labour Force: State, Problems, Trends
Authors:   Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter the Great (Voronezh, Russian Federation), Yugov Evgeny A.
Published: October 2020

Employment is one of the constitutional rights that guarantees any human being a right to work and is protected by the state. In matters of employment among rural residents, there are problems that require an in-depth study. Many research works indicate that these problems have a regional specificity, which must be taken into account when developing recommendations. To identify this specificity, the author analysed the state and determined the main trends in the development of labour force employment in Lipetsk Oblast. The analysis shows that the region has a significant amount of labour force in rural areas, accounting for 29.8% (2018) of the total labour force throughout the region. There is a tendency towards a gradual reduction in labour force with an average rate of 0.5% per year. The state of rural labour force employment in the region is different across districts. State organisations play a great role in providing employment. Employment is diversified by the type of activity. The most serious problems in rural employment are: a high level of unregistered unemployment, no progress in the development of small business in rural areas as a way to increase employment, a negative impact of low initial wage rates for open jobs on the employment centre website. The trends in the development of employment in rural areas are: the increasing importance of nonagricultural sectors of the economy for employing the rural labour force and better employment in districts with actively developing industrial production.
On the Lesson Design of Online College English Class during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zhou Zhen
Published: November 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic shocked school education, bringing a lot of challenges. The pandemic has changed how millions around the globe are educated and new solutions for education could bring much needed innovation. During the pandemic, online teaching has become a necessary way for teachers and students in primary schools, middle schools, high schools and even universities around the world. College English teaching becomes increasingly difficult as there are many affecting factors. The article first analyzed the advantages and challenges of the pandemic on the college English online teaching, and then put forward the strategies of online teaching design, in order to supply some reference and enlightenment for the college English teaching in China.
Role of serum procalcitonin in monitoring the response to treatment of pediatric meningitis
Authors:   DNB Scholar, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Fortis Escorts Heart Institute, New Delhi, India, Ahmad Dr. Mudasir , Iqbal Dr. Javeed ,   Associate Professor, Department of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu, and Kashmir, India, Wani Dr. Feroz Ahmad ,   Lecturer, Department of Community Medicine, Govt. Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu, and Kashmir, India, Ali Dr. Syed Wajid ,   Ex-Professor, Department of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu, and Kashmir, India
Published: November 2020

Introduction: A good early diagnostic and prognostic marker for bacterial meningitis will decreasethe morbidity and mortality due to this infection. Serum procalcitonin has been evaluated forusefulness in diagnosis and as a prognostic marker in bacterial meningitis. Methods: Children from5 months to 15 years of age who were cases of bacterial meningitis as per WHO Criteria and wereadmitted to the Pediatric Department in SKIMS Srinagar, Jammu, and Kashmir were taken for thestudy. A total of 45 bacterial meningitis cases participated in this prospective study. Serum PCT wasmeasured by a fluorescence immunoassay using QDX Insta check with a detection limit of 0.25-100ng/ml. Data were analyzed using standard statistical tests using SPSS 20. Results: The meanserum PCT on admission in ng/ml in the present study for bacterial meningitis was14.9293±4.49122 and after 72 hours mean serum PCT was 12.4386±4.40964). A significant drop(mean difference = 2.49086; p=0.000) in serum procalcitonin was seen after 72 hours followingantibacterial treatment. Conclusion: It was concluded that serum PCT can be used as a goodprognostic marker to see the response to treatment in bacterial meningitis.
Experimental and Numerical Study of Free Convection Heat Transfer Around the Junction of Circular Cylinder and Heated Vertical Plate
Authors: Malah Hamid , Chumakov Yurii S.
Published: November 2020

The present study investigates the effects of a circular cylinder on the three-dimensional characteristics of free convective heat transfer. The circular cylinder is mounted horizontally on a heated vertical plate and is categorized as high aspect ratio obstacle, which means the height of cylinder is comparable to its diameter. The obtained results are provided for the laminar flow regime. In addition, during numerical study the governing differential equations are solved around the Grashof number equals to 3 108. In order to illustrated the regions of high gradients of temperature, the flow temperature is shown in terms of non-dimensional contours and diagrams. At the near junction region in upstream of cylinder, by description of heat transfer coefficients represented to the temperature gradients at intended points, the effects of cylinder emplacement on the heat transfer rate is surveyed. As expected, the value of the buoyancy-induced heat transfer coefficient increases at the cylinder junction in the upstream side. The maximum value of heat transfer coefficient is seen at the symmetry plane of study domain, which is corresponded to the location of horseshoe vortex system core. Finally, by deviation calculating between numerical and experimental results also by analysis of the experimental method uncertainty the validity and reliability of numerical and experimental approaches are proved
Performance Indicators of Vehicle Use in the Transportation Process
Authors: Choriev Khalikhul Sh.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the connection with the complexity of the design of the car, the diversity of some of its properties and design features, as well as their various combinations and dependences on the operating conditions and type of transportation, because it is difficult to evaluate the car by means of one general indicator. Therefore, in this article, the recommended car quality has been determined by the complex of its most indicative operational properties: capacity using mass, speed, passing ability, safety, etc.
Adaptive characteristics of young school age children with hearing impaired.
Authors:   Kuban State University, Krasnodar, Russia, Vazhenina Stefania V.
Published: October 2020

The article highlights the problem of adaptation of children of primary school age to hearing impairment. The object of research is characterized: the process of adaptation of children to hearing impairment. The subject is shown: adaptive characteristics of children of primary school age to hearing impairment. The aim of the work was to identify the adaptive characteristics of children of primary school age to hearing im-pairment based on the analysis of scientific and methodological literature.A set of tasks was solved: 1. Give psychological and pedagogical characteristics to children of primary school age. 2. Consider the psychological and pedagogical characteristics of junior schoolchildren with hearing impairments. 3. To present the content of the concept of “adaptation” in modern science. 4. Analyze the content of the adaptive characteristics of children of primary school age to hearing impairment. 5. Describe the education system for children with hearing impairments as a way of de-veloping their adaptive characteristics. The research methods are highlighted: theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature on the research problem; synthesis and generalization; deduction and induction. The main aspects of adaptation in domestic and foreign science are shown. The analysis of theoretical studies on the problem of adaptation is given.
Information society and virtual (distance) education.
Authors:   Kuban state agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin”, Krasnodar, Russia, Nikitin Grigorii M. , Nikitina Elena A. ,   Secondary school No. 45 named after Admiral Fyodor Ushakov, Krasnodar, Russia
Published: October 2020

New communication and information technologies are becoming the main force of the “new industrial revolution, which multiplies the capabilities of human intelligence”. The idea of an information society was formulated in the late 1960s – early 1970s. The term “information society” was coined by Yuri Hayashi, professor at the Tokyo Institute of Technology. Researchers and developers of the information society theory are: M. Castells, F. Webster, E. Giddens, J. Habermas, D. Martin, D. Bell, G. Molitor, O. Toffler, Z. Brzezinski, A. King, D. Nesbit, A. Touraine, P. Drucker, M. McLuhan. The term “information society” reveals the objective process of society becoming gradually aware of the importance of information as some independent fundamental entity (along with energy and matter) and its transformation into a real productive force.
The history of the formation of the concept of «emotional intelligence» in psychological science.
Authors:   Kuban State University, Russia, Krasnodar, Naimushina Larisa M.
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to the history of the formation of emotional intelligence in psy-chology. Particular attention is paid to the fact that this problem is relevant both in do-mestic and foreign science. A thorough analysis of various approaches to the definition of the concept is carried out, difficulties in its study are noted. Revealed and substanti-ated the need to continue the study of this phenomenon, its significance in the structure of personality. This publication highlights the concept of IQ. The topic of social intelli-gence as the ability to interact with other people is briefly discussed. The problem of rela-tionship between emotions and intelligence is reflected. Emotional intelligence is shown in the article as emotional and social competence, a set of non-cognitive abilities, compe-tencies, skills, the ability of a person to recognize and understand their own and other people's emotions, and also to manage them.
The Effects of Dimensions of Organizational Structure on Innovation in Business School Libraries in India: An Empirical Study
Authors: Mishra Champeswar , Maharana Bulu
Published: November 2020

Purpose: In an intensely competitive and changing environment, innovation can be considered as a survival strategy. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of organization structure on innovation in business school libraries in India. Design/methodology/approach: The study focused on libraries of leading business schools, viz., IIMs,. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data for this study. The quantitative data were analyzed to test the hypothesis. Findings: The dimensions of organizational structure i.e., vertical complexity, employee participation and organizational complexity are positively related to innovation and have higher OS influence in innovation among business school libraries. On the other hand, increase in formalization, the degree of centralization and strict adherence to pre-defined roles and rigid rules in the organization are negatively related to innovation. Research Limitations: The study is limited to libraries of Indian Institutes of Management (IIM) India. Thus, other scientific and technical libraries are not in the ambit of this study. Originality/value: In India, there is no study conducted in academic management libraries. This study can be used as a guide for library administrators to accomplish the objectives of the organization by enabling innovation in the context of organizational structure.
Digital Libraries: Mission Accomplished?
Authors: Bainbridge David
Published: November 2020

This article is the first in a series of three publications that reflects on the boundaries and perceptions of what we think of when we hear the term Digital Libraries, as substantiated through our mainstream digital library systems. In this first article we lay the groundwork, concentrating on detailing the capabilities of established digital libraries, as a point of reference. We present a range of examples and highlight the commonalities that occur despite dealing with diverse topics and subject matter. We then go on to detail generalized forms of digital library that occur and discuss the software architecture behind them.
Biodegradation, Antibacterial Performance, and Cytocompatibility of a Novel ZK30-Cu-Mn Biomedical Alloy Produced by Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Xie Bin , Zhao Ming-Chun , Xu Rong , Zhao Ying-Chao , Yin Dengfeng , Gao Chengde , Atrens Andrej
Published: October 2020

In the present study, an antibacterial biomedical magnesium (Mg) alloy with a low biodegradation rate was designed, and ZK30-0.2Cu-xMn (x = 0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 wt%) was produced by selective laser melting, which is a widely applied laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing technology. Alloying with Mn evidently influenced the grain size, hardness, and biodegradation behavior. On the other hand, increasing Mn content to 0.8 wt% resulted in a decrease of biodegradation rate which is attributed to the decreased grain size and relatively protective surface layer of manganese oxide. Higher Mn contents increased the biodegradation rate attributed to the presence of the Mn-rich particles. Taken together, ZK30-0.2Cu0.8Mn exhibited the lowest biodegradation rate, strong antibacterial performance, and good cytocompatibility.
Life Cycle Assessment of Material Recovery from Pyrolysis Process of End-of-Life Tires in Thailand
Authors:   Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, Thailand, Buadit Tarinee , Rattanapan Cheerawit , Ussawarujikulchai Achara , Suchiva Krisda , Papong Seksan , Ma Hwong-wen
Published: November 2020

It is estimated that around 600,000 tons of end-of-life tires are generated annually in Thailand. These waste tires will cause danger to the environment and human health if handled improperly. On the other hand, if managed with the proper technology, it will be transformed into valuable products. This research aims to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of a waste tire pyrolysis plant in Thailand by using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The functional unit is defined as 1 ton of products from the pyrolysis process of waste tires. The system boundary consists of a pre-treatment and pyrolysis process (gate-to-gate). The LCA calculations were carried out using licensed SimaPro 9.0 software. At the impact assessment step, the ReCiPe2016 method both Midpoint (problem-oriented) and Endpoint (damage-oriented) were applied, and 7 impact categories were selected (global warming, fine particulate matter formation, terrestrial acidification, freshwater eutrophication, terrestrial ecotoxicity, freshwater ecotoxicity, and fossil resource scarcity). If the avoided products from the pyrolysis process, including pyrolysis oil, steel wire, and carbon black were taken into account, the characterization results show that 3 impacts: global warming, terrestrial ecotoxicity, and fossil resource scarcity have a negative value. While the other impacts still have a positive value resulted mainly from electricity consumption. When considering weighting end-point results, it found that human health impact was a major contribution with a totally negative value of -0.947 Pt. As a summary, the outcomes confirm that the utilization of pyrolysis avoided products and the optimization of electricity consumption in the process has the potential to drives pyrolysis to become an environmentally effective technology for end-of-tires management.
TUJUAN PEMIDANAAN DAN PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM DALAM MENJATUHKAN PIDANA TERHADA PENGGUNA SEKALIGUS PENGEDAR NARKOTIKA
Authors: Yakin Nabain
Published: October 2020

Narkotika adalah masalah terbesar di negara Indonesia. Bisa dikatakan narkotika adalah musuh bersama. Penyalahgunaan narkotika di Indonesia semakin hari semakin meluas, tentu ini sangatlah mempengaruhi dan merusak generasi muda. Penegak hukum dan seluruh elemen masyarakat harus bersatu untuk memerangi masalah narkotika ini, karena kita tau bahwa dampak negative dari pemakaian narkotika ini sangat dahsyat, bukan hanya diri sendiri melainkan bangsa dan negara. Penegakan hukum terhadap pengguna sekaligus pengedar narkotika haruslah seberat mungkin, agar diharapkan bisa menekan maraknya penggunaan narkotika di masyarakat Indonesia, khususnya generasi muda.Jenis penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif, bahan-bahan yang dapat dijadikan objek dalam penelitian normatif adalah bahan-bahan yang berupa primer, bahan sekunder, dan tersier. Penelitian yang penulis lakukan juga menggunakan system wawancara atau tanya jawab dengan Hakim Pengadilan Negeri Yogyakarta untuk mengumpulkan segala informasi tentang penelitian yang ditulis penelitti.Hasil penelitian yaitu Penjatuhan Sanksi Pidana terhadap Pelaku Pengguna sekaligus Pengedar Narkotika dalam perkara penyalahgunaan narkotika dengan Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Pemidanaan terhadap Pengguna sekaligus Pengedar Narkotika, tentunya dengan pertimbangan pedoman Perundang-Undangan Narkotika dan pertimbangan dakwaan yang di ajukan oleh jaksa penuntut umum. Narkotika saat ini sudah sangat meresahkan masyarakat Indonesia karena benda ini adalah benda yang apabila di konsumsi oleh penggunanya akan berdampak buruk. Kata kunci: Pemidanaan, Tindak Pidana Narkotika, Penegakan Hukum
FAKTOR PENYEBAB TIMBULNYA DISPARITAS DALAM M PUTUSAN HAKIM TERHADAP ANAK PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN DENGAN PEMBERATAN
Authors: Alexsander Sandy Doyoba , Widowaty Yeni
Published: October 2020

Keputusan bahwa anak dapat diberi penjatuhan pidana itu sepenuhnya adalah kebebasan hakim, dalam menjatuhkan pidana hakim harus menyertakan alasan-alasan yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan atau dalam hal ini dapat disebut dengan pertimbangan hakim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan pidana terhadap tindak pidana pencurian dengan pemberatan yang dilakukan oleh anak dan mengetahui faktor-faktor penyebab disparitas pidana dalam penjatuhan putusan hakim terhadap anak sebagai pelaku tindak pidana pencurian dengan pemberatan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sumber data sekunder yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian kepustakaan, yakni putusan pengadilan, buku dan bacaan lain. Sebagai pelengkap, hasil wawancara dalam penelitian ini adalah Taufik Rahman S.H., selaku Hakim Pengadilan Negeri Yogyakarta. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan pidana terhadap anak mempertimbangkan latar belakang dilakukan tindak pidana pencurian yang dilakukan oleh anak, hakim juga mempertimbangkan kesimpulan dari laporan hasil Pembimbingan Kemasyarakatan dari BAPAS Yogyakarta, dan hakim juga mempertimbangkan keterangan dari orang tuan serta saksi-saksi. Penyebab adanya disparitas pidana dalam putusan hakim terkait dengan tindak pidana pencurian oleh anak dengan pemberatan dikarenakan hakim memiliki kebebasan untuk menentukan berat ringannya pidana, jadi hakim bebas memilih jenis hukuman untuk terdakwa sesuai yang ditentukan oleh Undang-Undang.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM OLEH APARAT PENYIDIK CYBER CRIME DALAM KEJAHATAN DUNIA MAYA (CYBER CRIME) DI WILAYAH HUKUM POLDA DIY
Authors: Prasetiyo Prasetiyo , Zuhdy Mukhtar
Published: October 2020

Kejahatan cyber crime saat ini sering terjadi dan korbannya tidak hanya orang, tetapi lembaga/instansi, bahkan Negara, hal ini dikarenakan perkembangan teknologi informasi dan internet yang cepat dan keterikatan manusia akan teknologi informasi, dari hal tersebut menimbulkan kejahatan teknologi dengan berbagai kepentingan. Pada tindak pidana cyber crime khususnya dalam penegakan hukumnya masih terdapat kendala-kendala yang mana dari faktor internal dan faktor eksternal penyidik cyber crime. Penulis melakukan penelitian hukum normatif dan penelitian dengan metode pengumpulan data study pustaka dan wawancara dengan Penyidik cyber crime. Hasil dari penelitian ini, yaitu dalam hal kendala penegakan hukum ditingkat penyelidikan dan penyidikan tindak pidana cyber crime yaitu dapat dibagi menjadi dua faktor yakni faktor internal dan eksternal penyidik cyber crime yang terdiri dari beberapa aspek yakni aspek penyidik, alat bukti, fasilitas pendukung dan yurisdiksi, dalam hal proses penyelidikan dan penyidikan yaitu dalam hal hukum materil pada tindak pidana cyber crime diatur secara khusus yakni undang- undang Nomor 19 tahun 2016 tentang perubahan atas undang- undang Nomor 11 tahun 2008 tentang ITE.
PELAKSANAAN PIDANA PELATIHAN KERJA TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENCABULAN OLEH ANAK DI BALAI PERLINDUNGAN DAN REHABILITASI SOSIAL REMAJA
Authors: Sulistio Ningrum , Raharjo Trisno
Published: October 2020

Tindak pidana pencabulan merupakan bagian dari kejahatan terhadap kesusilaan, dimana perbuatan tersebut tidak saja terjadi pada orang dewasa tetapi juga terjadi pada anak. Undang-undang Nomor 11 tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak menyebutkan sanksi pidana dalam Pasal 71 ayat (1) huruf c adalah pelatihan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak pidana pelatihan kerja untuk anak pelaku tindak pidana pencabulan di Balai Perlindungan dan Rehalibitasi Sosial Remaja (BPRSR). Jenis penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian sosiologi hukum yang berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan pidana. Data primer yang diperoleh dari penelitian lapangan melalui wawancara kepada narasumber. Data sekunder diperoleh dari buku, dokumen dan hasil penelitian sebagai pelengkap data primer. Analisis data yang diperoleh menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitan dilakukan di Balai perlindungan dan Rehalibitasi Sosial Remaja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pelatihan kerja di BPRSR dilaksanakan dengan bentuk membersihkan masjid, ini disebabkan karena belum adanya peraturan pelaksana mengenai pidana pelatihan kerja tersebut. Pelaksaan pelatihan kerja dengan membersihkan masjid belum bermanfaat untuk anak pencabulan dikarenakan membersihkan masjid adalah kegiatan sehari-hari dan bukan merupakan suatu keterampilan atau keahlian. Apabila Balai Perlindungan dan Rehalibitasi Sosial remaja dalam memberikan pelatihan kerja untuk anak yang melakukan tindak pidana pencabulan, pendidikan vokasional atau bimbingan ketrampilan akan bermanfaat sesuai dengan amanat Undang-undang.
PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM DALAM MENJATUHKAN PUTUSAN TERHADAP ANAK YANG MELAKUKAN TINDAK PIDANA PEMBUNUHAN
Authors: Qotrunnada Altov Akmila , Zuhdy Mukhtar
Published: October 2020

Kejahatan telah dikenal dalam peradaban manusia, kejahatan dapat dikatakan mempunyai umur yang tua. Salah satu kejahatan yang terjadi yaitu pembunuhan. Tindak pidana saat ini tidak hanya dilakukan orang dewasa saja, juga dilakukan anak-anak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Terhadap Anak Sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan dan untuk mengetahui Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Menjatuhkan Putusan Terhadap Anak yang melakukan Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah sumber data sekunder yaitu data yang diperoleh dan dicatat oleh pihak lain serta bahan lain. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data kualitatif yaitu data yang dianalisis tidak terhitung, dengan menjelaskan dan menerangkan data dalam bentuk kalimat-kalimat yang disusun dengan pokok bahasan secara sistematis. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Anak yang melakukan tindak pidana pembunuhan tidak dapat dikenai sanksi tindakan, tetapi dikenai sanksi pidana. Pasal 79 ayat (1) UU No. 11 Tahun 2012 tentang SPPA menyebutkan bahwa pidana pembatasan kebebasan diberlakukan dalam hal tindak pidana berat atau tindak pidana yang disertai dengan kekerasan. Anak yang melakukan tindak pidana pembunuhan tidak dapat didiversi. Pertimbangan Hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan terhadap anak yang melakukan tindak pidana pembunuhan berdasarkan hal-hal yang memberatkan pada pelaku, sehingga pelaku dapat dijatuhi pidana sesuai perbuatannya.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA TERHADAP PERBUATAN KLITIH YANG DISERTAI KEKERASAN DIWILAYAH HUKUM KABUPATEN BANTUL Irna Dwi Septiani dan Mukhtar Zuhdy
Authors: Septiani Irna Dwi , Zuhdy Mukhtar
Published: October 2020

Perbuatan klitih disertai kejahatan yang terjadi di Bantul telah membuat keresahan banyak masyarakat. Pelaku klitih sebagaian besar dilakukan pelajar (SMA) atau (SMK) dengan cara bergerombol beraksi malam atau sore hari, mereka melakukan atas dasar balas dendam. Berdasarkan latarbelakang tersebut terdapat permasalahan tentang Penegakan hukum pidana terhadap perbuatan klitih yang di sertai kekerasan di wilayah hukum Kabupaten Bantul. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data terdiri dari wawancara, studi pustaka yang berpandu bahan hukum primer, sekunder, tersier dan kemudian dianalisis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan kebijakan hukum pidana dalam penanggulangan perbuatan klitih yang disertai dengan kekerasan pada Wilayah Hukum Kabupaten Bantul yaitu dengan melakukan Upaya Non Penal (preventif) dan Upaya Penal represif (upaya penangulangan kejahatan setelah terjadi kejahatan
Maternal vitamin D levels in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: Tyagi Vatika , Tyagi Mamta , Gupta Smriti , Khanuja Esha , Varma Yamini
Published: October 2020

Background: Current study was conducted with the objective to evaluate maternal vitamin D levels in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.Methods: The present prospective observational study was conducted among 200 pregnant women attending gynaecological OPD of Subharti medical college, Meerut, over a period of two years and satisfying the inclusion criteria were enrolled. On admission, patient demographic profile, complete history was recorded, and comprehensive clinical examination was done. In all the patients, blood samples for routine examination along with LFT, RFT, random blood sugar, serum electrolytes, serum uric acid and serum vitamin D were drawn, and serum levels of these biochemical parameters were determined according to standard laboratory procedures. Subjects were classified into three categories according to serum vitamin D level i.e. >20 ng/ml (mild), 10-20 ng/ml (moderate deficiency), <10 ng/ml (severe deficiency).Results: Insignificant difference was found between case (hypertensive) and control (normotensive) group when compared in relation to age, education, parity and socioeconomic status. The mean vitamin D level of women with HDP was 5.7+2.99 ng/ml as compared to 17.34+5.79 ng/ml in normotensive women with statistically significant difference as p<0.001. No correlation was found between severity of vitamin D deficiency and maternal complications (p=0.318).Conclusions: The results of the present study concluded that women with hypertension had significantly lower vitamin D level as compared to normotensive women.
Prevalence of bovine sarcocystosis in slaughtered cattle in Duhok abattoir, Iraq
Authors: Shukur Mohammed S. , Hussein Shivan N. , Muhamed Teroj A.
Published: October 2020

Background: Sarcocystosis or infection with Sarcocystis species is a parasitic zoonotic disease caused by cyst forming coccidian intracellular protozoa that caused by different species of Sarcocystis. The cyst forming parasite has obligatory two hosts life cycle including carnivorous as definitive host and omnivorous or herbivorous as intermediate host. The parasitic infestation causes serious health problems and economical loses because of abortion in pregnant animals, carcass condemnation after slaughtering due to severe emaciation and pathological lesions, low quality of meat, milk and wool, as well as restriction on animal importation by authorities.Methods: The present work was conducted to study the prevalence of sarcocysts infection in slaughtered cattle at Duhok abattoir, Iraq. Muscle samples from different organs comprising esophagus, diaphragm and heart were collected from 150 cattle aged from one to two years old. Different techniques were used for detection of macroscopic and microscopic types of sarcocysts. The techniques including inspection by naked eye, peptic digestion method, muscle mincing and squash preparation and staining with giemsa stain, as well as histopathological examination.Results: The overall prevalence of infected muscle samples was 76%. The infection rate of microscopic type of sarcocyst was 41.3% in heart, 92% in diaphragm and 94% in oesophagus. The histopathological examination of infected muscle tissues revealed mild infiltration of inflammatory cells and slight degeneration of muscle fibers. Significant difference (p≤0.05) was recorded between the prevalence rate of macrocysts and microcysts of sarcocyst but there was no significant difference (p≥0.05) in the prevalence rate of sarcocystis infection among different organs.Conclusions: The results of the current study indicated a high prevalence of sarcocystis infection among slaughtered cattle in Duhok province, Iraq, that could be due existence of large numbers of dogs and cats around the slaughter house which are involved in life cycle of the parasite and spread of the infection.
Математическое моделирование оценки качества коллективного решения
Authors: Ганичева Антонина Валериановна , Ганичев Алексей Валерианович
Published: October 2020

Проблема принятия коллективного решения группой экспертов является одной из важнейших в системном анализе информационных процессов. Для ее решения необходимо оценить качество коллективного решения (точность, достоверность, надежность, количество экспертов и их характеристики). В статье рассматриваются вопросы надежности и достоверности оценок, выставляемых группой экспертов. Определена оценка оптимального количества экспертов в зависимости от точности и надежности оценки. Показан новый подход к определению числовых характеристик ошибок оценивания. Разработан метод вычисления относительной ошибки оценивания фактора, рассмотрен вопрос качества оценки нескольких факторов. Для реализации методов определения оптимальной численности экспертов разработаны детальные алгоритмы. Полученные результаты могут использоваться для решения задач планирования деятельности, прогнозирования результатов, выбора перспективных технологий и т. д.
Метод синтеза формирователя тестовой последовательности с перестраиваемыми параметрами, основанный на представлении логических функций в обобщенной форме
Authors: Коробкова Елена Николаевна , Луценко Оксана Витальевна , Рубанов Василий Григорьевич
Published: October 2020

Предложен метод синтеза формирователя тестовых сигналов с перестраиваемыми временными параметрами тестового контента в зависимости от необходимости изменения глубины контроля в процессе оценки технического состояния синтезируемого цифрового автомата. Используется представление логических функций в обобщенной форме, когда рассматривается более широкая трактовка основной теоремы алгебры логики, предполагающая введение дополнительных переменных, кроме нуля и единицы, которые могу приобретать значения функции в точках её области определения. Излагается методика синтеза структуры цифрового автомата, генерирующего тестовуюпериодическую посылку, заданной конфигурации. Иллюстрация методики проведена на версии алгоритма нахождения кодов настройки на заданный режим, пригодной для программной реализации. Приведен пример, демонстрирующий реализацию заданного теста с произвольной конфигурацией.
DISCURSIVE GOVERNANCE OVER PRO-POPULATION POLITICS IN TURKEY
Authors: PEHLİVANLI-KADAYİFCİ Ezgi , ESLEN ZİYA Hande , KORKUT Umut
Published: October 2020

Discursive governance of pro-population politics refers to norm-based mechanisms of governance that utilise intentionally selected slogans in political discourse for dissemination of ideas to further the interests of political authorities. Such ideas can be disseminated via modern communication technologies enabling governance to build social representations within the public sphere without policy constraints. It is our proposal that the pro-population state discourse in Turkey after 2008 constitutes an example of discursive governance. Our findings show that discursive mechanisms can lead to a change in married couples’ reproductive attitude without significant policy alteration and further the debate in view of discursive governance of population politics.
CEZA ADALET SİSTEMİ İÇERİSİNDE MAĞDUR ÇOCUKLARIN İKİNCİL MAĞDURİYETİ
Authors: TEKİN BABUÇ Zeynep
Published: October 2020

Ceza adalet sistemi içerisinde mağdur çocuklar, onları adli sürecin içerisine sokan birincil mağduriyete ek olarak ikincil mağduriyete maruz kalmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, mağdur çocukların deneyimlerinden yola çıkarak, mağdur çocukların yaşadığı ikincil mağduriyetin, kurumsal etnografik yöntem ışığında adli sistemin kurumsal işleyişi ve organizasyonu ile bağlantısının ortaya konulmasıdır. Bu bağlamda, adli sisteme mağdur çocuk sıfatıyla dahil olmuş olan 24 çocuk ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş ve adli sistemin mağdur çocuğa yönelik iş süreçleri ve organizasyonu incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları, adli süreç içerisinde mağdur çocuğun, yaşadığı olayı birçok farklı kişiye tekrar tekrar anlatmak, hakları, hukuki süreç ve terminoloji konusunda bilgilendirilmemek, fiziki koşulların yetersizliği nedeniyle sanıkla ve istemediği diğer kişilerle yan yana gelmek, adli sistem aktörleri tarafından gelişim özelliklerinin ve ihtiyaçlarının dikkate alınmadığı sağlıksız bir iletişime maruz bırakılmak gibi ikincil mağduriyete sebep olan durumlarla karşı karşıya kaldığını, bütüncül ve işlevsel bir mağdur destek sisteminin olmadığını ortaya koymaktadır.