bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VISUAL SOVEREIGNTY IN SMOKE SIGNALS: A CRITICAL VISUAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   English Department, Hazara University Mansehra KP Pakistan, Malik Shaista , Shah Ayaz Muhammad ,   English Department, Hazara University Mansehra KP Pakistan, Nawaz Farhat ,   English Department, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology Havelian,AUST, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
Published: February 2023

The current research paper aims to see a film Smoke Signals by American Indian writer Sherman Alexie and director Chris Eyre as an attempt to define visual sovereignty. By applying Critical Visual Theory, the paper seeks to provide not just a close visual reading but also a broad study of American Indian indigenous film’s meanings with the understanding that the film functions as a politicized way of giving voice to the marginalized indigenous community. The film nullifies Hollywood representation of Natives by its celebration of Native storytelling. My contention is that the film is not a passive response to mainstream representation and geographical inaccuracies but rather a creation of indigenous reality in a media saturated world. The film shifts indigenous experience from a victimized stance to a strategic one. It has its visual effects which cannot be extricated from the social context in which it is produced. The analysis intends to delimit the bus scene that includes 10 frames ranging from 21:31- 40:31(time line). Keywords: vision, visuality, visual culture, visual sovereignty, critical visual theory.
PREVALENCE OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER AMONG TRAUMA SURVIVORS IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan, Kazmi Syeda Farhana , Dil Sher ,   Department of Psychology, Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan, Bashir Rabia ,   Department of Psychology, Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan
Published: February 2023

The objective of the study was to assess the level and prevalence of trauma and its impact on individuals who faced trauma in their life. Cross sectional survey comprised of 153 trauma survivors with an age range of 18 to 67 years selected through purposive sampling. The demographics of trauma survivors were gender, age, family system, marital status, occupation, and nature of trauma survivors. PTSD Check List – Civilian Version (PCL-C) was used to measure posttraumatic stress disorder among trauma survivors. The trauma survivors' sample consisted of 54.9 percent males and 45.1 percent females. In relation to the nature of trauma, 29.4% had an accident in their family, 27.5 % faced trauma due to the death of a family member, 14.4 % faced trauma due to sexual abuse, 8.5% faced trauma due to an incident in the family, 5.9% encountered trauma due to earthquake, 5.2% faced trauma due to fire, 2.6% faced trauma due to loss in body parts, 2.0 percent faced trauma due to miscarriage and remaining 4.8% faced trauma due to others. The findings of the current study showed the male accident trauma survivors experienced 41% mild, 35% moderate and 24% severe PTSD symptoms while female exhibited 63% moderate and 37% severe PTSD symptoms. Female sexual abuse trauma survivors experienced 27% mild, 67% moderate, and 6% severe PTSD symptoms while male experienced moderate PTSD symptoms only. Males who experienced the death of a family member exhibited 20% mild, 65 % moderate, and 15% severe PTSD symptoms while females experienced 59 % moderate and 41% severe PTSD symptoms. In case of death of friend males 5% moderate, 5% severe PTSD symptoms and 4 % of females showed Moderate PTSD symptoms due to domestic violence. 5% of males revealed Moderate,10% severe while female revealed 4% mild,12 % moderate 8% severe symptoms of PTSD due to earthquake. 4 % of females showed mild and 8% severe PTSD symptoms due to miscarriage. 10% of males revealed mild,10% severe while female revealed 16% severe symptoms of PTSD due to fire. 5% of males revealed Moderate,5% severe due to occupation incidents. 5% of males revealed mild PTSD symptoms,15% moderate while females revealed 12.5% moderate, and 5% severe PTSD symptoms due to occupational incidents in the family. Among the trauma survivors of loss of business males showed 10% moderate and 10% severe PTSD symptoms. Among the trauma survivors of blast 5% of males showed mild and 4% of females showed severe PTSD symptoms. A demographic survey of the Hazara Division revealed females were more victims of trauma as compared to their male counterparts (t = 4.67, p < .001). Keywords: Prevalence, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Nature of Trauma, Gender
BULLIED VICTIMS SPEND MORE: TENDENCY TOWARDS COMPULSIVE BUYING BEHAVIOR
Authors:   Department of Management Sciences ,NUML, Islamabad Pakistan, Rehman Hina , Kazim Syeda Farah ,   SZABIST, Islamabad Pakistan, Tahir Hamza ,   School of Management Sciences Quaid.i.Azam University, Islamabad Pakistan
Published: February 2023

This study investigated the effects of mediating variable of peer bullied victims between the promotional strategies and their buying behavior. This study undertaken the 105 school students who belonged to generation “Y” selected by convenience sampling technique. The result of the study signified that there was partial mediation of bullied victimized existed in between promotions mixes and compulsive buying behavior. The result helps the marketers to build the marketing environment such that it tends to effect the positive emotions of a consumer which is not only for one time purchase but tends to last for a long time and make the purchase decisions of the consumer ethical and satisfied. Keyword: bullied victimized, promotional mixes, compulsive buying behavior, in store environment.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GLOBALIZATION AND POVERTY IN PAKISTAN: ROLE OF INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Department of Economics, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics. Islamabad Pakistan, . Salita , Hussain Ibrar ,   Department of Economics, University of Malakand, Pakistan, Alam Aftab ,   Harbin University of Science and Technology, Heilongjiang China.
Published: February 2023

This paper aims to investigate the role of institutions in the long-term relationship between globalization and poverty. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model of co-integration is employed to estimate the long-run equilibrium relationship in the context of Pakistan over annual time series data spanning from 1984 to 2015. The KOF index is used to measure globalization, and the weighted average of five variables— democratic accountability, government stability, law and order, corruption control, and bureaucratic quality—is used to assess institutional quality. Our results demonstrate that the impact of globalization on reducing poverty would increase in the presence of high-quality institutions. However, the size effect of institutional quality is not large enough to reap the full benefits of globalization in mitigating poverty in the country. Other control variables in the model reveal that unemployment and government spending increase poverty, whereas GDP growth is found to reduce it. Keywords: Globalization; KOF Index; Poverty; Institutional quality; ARDL; Pakistan. JEL: F6; I3; D73; C5
PAKISTAN’S INTER-GOVERNMENTALIST APPROACH TOWARDS SCO IN CONTEMPORARY REGIONAL SCENARIO AND CHALLENGES IN PAK-SCO COOPERATION
Authors:   National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad Pakistan, Gul Uzma , Zainab Sana ,   National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad Pakistan, Mansoor Maryam ,   National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad Pakistan
Published: February 2023

In 2016, Pakistan signed a Memorandum of Obligations for membership of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. It had approached the SCO in the wake of ongoing political and economic transformations taking place at regional and international levels. Asia marks the start of a “New Age,” and Pakistan has already become part of this process by acquiring full membership of the SCO. In this backdrop, the proposed study seeks to explore the challenges and opportunities emanating from Pakistan’s membership of the SCO. Using the theoretical framework of Inter-Governmentalism, it analyses that how Pakistan would be able to pursue an active foreign policy to promote its national interests in future in compatibility with SCO goals. With the combined application of research methodology (qualitative data analysis) and theoretical framework (Inter-governmentalism), the study attempts to critically assess the challenges and prospects of SCO membership for the country. The study concludes the Inter-governmentalist approach as a rather balanced approach for the country in order to pursue national interests effectively and recommends some strategies to cope with the emanating challenges in the wake of its membership. Keywords: SCO, Pak-SCO. Inter-governmentalism, International cooperation
EFFECT OF CALL PROGRAMMES ON BS STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC WRITING ACHIEVEMENT
Authors:   Department of English, Govt. Postgraduate College Mandian Abbottabad, . Rustam , . Nazakat ,   Department of English, Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan, Nawaz Farhat ,   Department of English, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology Havelian AUST, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
Published: February 2023

Teaching method is an important variable which plays a significant role in language teaching. The present paper reports the effect of CALL programmes on academic writing achievement of BS students. It was a mixed-method case study with a focus on a two-tailed pair-observation using a quasi experimental research design. Before the study, participants’ existing proficiency in academic writing was measured through a pretest. This proficiency was the result of traditional classroom teaching method. So, participants’ perceptions about the traditional classroom teaching were recorded through an attitude survey. Then, a six-week online CALL intervention (both synchronous and asynchronous) was provided to the population on academic writing. The significant gain was measured through a posttest and perceptions about two teaching methods were recorded with a close-ended questionnaire. Four null hypotheses were formulated and tested using t-statistics at alpha 0.05. A marked gain was witnessed in participants’ academic writing achievement as a result of CALL programmes. Participants’ perception about both teaching methods also underwent a change in favour of CALL (computer assisted language learning) method. The current study was based on socio-cognitive and interactionist theories of learning. Keywords: Educational Technology, Computer Assisted Language Learning, Academic Writing, Web 2.0, Computer Mediated Instruction
DICTATORIAL RULE, POLITICAL REPRESSION, AND THE THIRD WORLD: AN ANALYSIS OF GABRIEL GARCÍA MÁRQUEZ’S THE AUTUMN OF THE PATRIARCH
Authors:   Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan, Ahmad Mustanir , Afsar Ayaz ,   Department of English, International Islamic University, Islamabad Pakistan, Masood Sobia ,   National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: February 2023

Dictatorial rule has been a serious threat to the progress of most of the under-developed part of the world. Since Latin America constitutes a substantial part of the Third World and is mostly governed by either civil or military dictators, the causes and effects of dictatorial rule have been a favourite subject of the fiction writers of this region. The magical-realist fiction writers have been most eloquent in highlighting flaws inherent in such type of governments, weather in Chile, Colombia, Argentina, or Venezuela. García Márquez’s novel The Autumn of the Patriarch (1975/2007) is a protest against the dictatorial system in Latin America. The present study deals with the way García Márquez used the technique of magical realism to establish that autocrats and despotic rulers are a challenge to the development of a place and prosperity of its people. The close-reading approach/technique has been adopted to determine the causes and effects of dictatorial rule in the miniature world of the selected novel and the way it can be generalized vis-à-vis the contemporary circumstances of the Third World countries. Keywords: Third world, dictatorial rule, magical realism, close-reading, Latin America
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PARTITION IN BAPSI SIDHWA’S ICE-CANDY MAN AND KAMILA SHAMSIE’S A GOD IN EVERY STONE
Authors:   University of Haripur, Haripur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan., Khan Waheed Ahmad , Ali Imran ,   Department of Linguistics, University of Haripur, Haripur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Farooq Muhammad ,   Department of Linguistics, University of Haripur, Haripur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Published: February 2023

The article discusses contradictory portrayal of partition of the United India in Bapsi Sidhwa’s Ice-Candy Man and Kamila Shamsie’s A God in Every Stone. The analysis of these novels exposes the contradictory line of depiction with reference to the issue of the partition. Sidhwa (2015) narrates story of the novel through a Parsee character, Lenny, in order to look at the partition through perspective of a minority community. Before the partition, characters of different religious backgrounds maintained affinity and homogeneity. However, during the faith-based partition, the bond of affinity weakened and the characters once close friends turned out to be enemies who did not hesitate killing each other. The British colonizers indoctrinated faith-based identities in the Indians and developed differences among them. The article implies Frantz Fanon’s views about pitfalls of decolonization and views of Edward Said about colonial narratives. Contrary to this, Kamila Shamsie, though, highlights colonial ambition by including the theme of archaeology in the novel, however, she valorizes The British Empire by comparing it with the Ottoman Empire. She belittles the anti-colonial movements of Pashtun leaders, Bacha Khan and Haji Sahib of Turangzai. The anti-colonial struggle of the Khudai Khidmatgar is ridiculed for being non-violent. However, Haji Sahib of Turangzai is criticized for using violence against the British colonizers. The Pashtun cultural values are seen through the eyes of an Englishwoman, Viv. She devalues anti-colonial movements by considering social change more important than political change. Key Words: Partition, Identity, British Raj, Pashtun, Khudai Khidmatgar.
CONSUMPTION PATTERNS AND PERCEIVED USEFULNESS OF MHEALTH APPS AMONG YOUTH
Authors:   Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University  Pakistan, Asgher Shabana , Latif Faiza ,   Public Relations and Advertising Department, SCS, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, Ajam Dur-e- ,   Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
Published: February 2023

The rapid advancement in new Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) has transformed the ways people take care of their health. The significant role of new media in health-related behaviors at both macro and micro levels is a recognized fact. mHealth apps are amongst the advancements which are benefiting human health at an individual level. This increased usage of mHA led the researchers to explore the ways youth consumes these Apps and the benefits they perceive to attain for their physical and psychological health. The data on consumption patterns and perceived usefulness were measured on a five-point Likert scale. The finding of the study suggested that most of the users reported having one to three health apps on their mobile phones on average and found them useful to get both PHI (Prevent Health Information) and CHI (Curative Health Information). The study concluded that these apps were creating awareness among youth and benefiting them by gratifying both their physical as well as their psychological health related needs. Keywords: mHealth apps, Youth, Perceived Usefulness.
Mobil Uygulamalar Üzerinden Yemek Teslimatı Yapan İşletmelerin Veri Zarflama Yöntemi İle Analizi
Authors: NOYAN Elçin
Published: February 2023

Günümüzde gelişen teknolojilerin yiyecek içecek işletmeleri uygulamalarına da yansıması olağandır. Yeme siparişlerinde mobil uygulamaların yaygınlaşması Covid-19 Pandemisi ile temassız ödeme ve evde yemek yeme eğilimi artmıştır. Çalışmada analizi yapılan işletmelerden yalnızca bir tanesinin görece toplam etkin olmaması, işletmelerin ortalama toplam etkinlik değerinin 0,94 olması, Türkiye’de mobil uygulamalar üzerinden yemek teslimatı yapan işletmelerin genel olarak etkin çalıştıklarını göstermektedir. Mobil etkinliğin yaygınlaştırılması ile ilgili işletmeler araştırma faaliyetlerini geliştirebilirler. Çalışmanın amacı, mobil uygulamaların kullanımlarının giderek yaygınlaşması ve gelecek dönemlerde de artmasının öngörülmesidir. Çalışmanın literatüre, araştırmacılara, tüketicilere ve işletmelere yol gösterici olması amaçlanmıştır. Mobil uygulamaların giderek artması, hizmet kalitesi, müşteri memnuniyeti kavramlarını ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Etkinliğin ölçülmesi için belirli değişkenler göz önüne alınmıştır. Çalışmada girdi değişkenleri olarak mobil uygulama indirme sayısı, faaliyet yılı, personel sayıları ile çıktı değişkenleri olarak zincir restoran sayıları, tüketici değerlendirme puanları ve kampanyalar yer almıştır. Girdi ve çıktı değişkenlerinin belirlenmesinde uzman görüşlerinden ve literatür taramasından yararlanılmıştır. Çıktı faktörlerinin birçoğuna işletmelerin web sayfalarından ulaşılamamıştır. Diğer değişkenlerin veri setine dahil edilememesi çalışmanın sınırlılıkları arasındadır. Çevrim içi yemek teslimatı yapan işletmelerin web sayfalarından ulaşılabilen bilgiler veri setini oluşturmuştur. Çalışmada uygulanan Etkinlik ve Temel Bileşen Analizleri’nde F2 kodlu işletmenin her iki sıralamada da son sırada yer aldığı görülmektedir. Girdi ve çıktı değerleri incelendiğinde F2 kodlu işletmenin mobil indirme ve zincir restoran sayılarının diğer işletmelerden daha düşük olduğu görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla işletmeler pazar paylarını artırmak, rekabet üstünlüğü sağlamak, piyasada etkin olabilmek için daha fazla tüketici kitlesine hitap etmek durumundadırlar. İşletme yöneticilerinin pazarlama faaliyetlerine önem vermeleri, reklam ve kampanyaların geliştirilmesi yönünde çalışmalar yapmaları uygun olabilecektir. Bu yönde işletmeler etkinlik düzeylerini artırabileceklerdir.
Quetiapine augmentation of cognitive processing therapy in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Design and methodology of a pilot study
Authors:   Mental Health, South Texas Veterans Healthcare System, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA., Baig Muhammad Rais
Published: February 2023

Background: The limited efficacy of first-line treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) with selective serotonergic reuptake inhibitors commonly leads to the use of multiple medications that still fail to achieve symptomatic remission. VA/DOD guidelines identify trauma-focused psychotherapies as the evidence-based treatment for PTSD, but overall effectiveness is limited by reduced levels of patient engagement. Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) is the most widely-used trauma-focused therapy in the VA system for Veterans with PTSD. Our previous results based on a case series suggested that quetiapine mono therapy, but not risperidone or valproate, could increase engagement in CPT, thereby improving clinical outcomes through direct medication effects and indirectly through greater engagement in CPT.
Delayed presentation of hypertrophic olivary degeneration following pontine hemorrhage: Two case reports highlighting clinical presentation, diagnostics and multidisciplinary treatment
Authors:   Mater Research, South Brisbane, Australia., Liisa Laakso E , Sun Jin Wen ,   Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology affiliated Wuhan Resources & Wisco General Hospital, Wuhan, China.
Published: February 2023

Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration (HOD) is a rare degenerative disease that causes hypertrophy rather than atrophy. The classical presentation of HOD is palatal myoclonus but HOD may also present with tremor, and stiffness in the extremities. In this paper, case report 1 was a man aged 46 years with HOD and Holmes tremor spreading to the head, trunk and bilateral upper and lower extremities after pontine hemorrhage. In case report 2, a 50-year-old man with HOD displayed a sense of stiffness in his left upper and lower extremities after pontine hemorrhage. Although pontine hemorrhage may cause tremor and stiffness in the late period, the development of focused imaging promotes and improves HOD diagnosis. HOD related symptoms can be partially ameliorated by the described medication and rehabilitation regimen.
The Effect of Emotional Labor and Social Support of Community Health Center Officials on Social and Psychological Stress: Focusing on the Period of COVID 19
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Ahn Seong Ah , Jung Eun Young
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the positive and negative factors that affect the socio-psychological stress experienced by the sudden surge in workload due to the COVID-19 pandemic, within the framework of the image of civil servants that emphasizes the spirit of service to the public. This is a descriptive survey to identify the emotional labor and social support of public health center officials during the COVID-19 outbreak, and to identify factors that influence these variables on social and psychological stress. The survey was conducted from May 31, 2022 to June 18, 2022. In order to analyze the collected data, general characteristics, emotional labor, social support, and sociopsychological stress levels were analyzed by number and literacy rate, mean and standard deviation. Difference tests according to general characteristics were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA, and post-hoc tests were analyzed by Shceff test. To understand the correlation, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used to determine the degree of influence on psychosocial stress.
As a result of this study, emotional labor scored an average score of 3.23 out of 5, social support scored an average of 3.77 out of 5, and psychosocial stress was 2.23 out of 4. According to the general characteristics, emotional labor was higher in men than in women, and differences in social support were found in work experience and service area. Social and psychological stress had different effects according to the rank and age. Psychological stress and emotional labor showed a positive correlation and negative correlation with social support, and the relationship between emotional labor and social support was not statistically significant. The factors affecting psychosocial stress were emotional labor, social support, current position, and age, in the order of 36.8% of explanatory power. Based on these research results, it is absolutely necessary to develop a program that can mediate the social and psychological stress of public officials in a situation where a new infectious disease such as Corona 19 may appear or reappear.
Factors of demographic, drinking, and mental health on heavy drinking experiences in Adolescents: 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Lee Jin Yeong
Published: February 2023

This study was conducted to understand the effects of demographic and sociological factors, drinking factors, and mental health factors of adolescents with heavy drinking experience, and to suggest the direction of education and policy for alcohol prevention. As a research method, raw data from the 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Survey were used, and in this study, 5,803 people who responded to questions asking if they had drunk in the past 30 days were used for the final analysis. SPSS Win 25.0 was used for data analysis, frequency analysis to understand the subject's drunken experience, and logistic regression analysis to understand the effect of the subject's demographic and sociological factors, drinking factors, and mental health factors on the drunk experience.
As a result of the study, academic performance, subjective health status, and type of residence were found to be factors influencing heavy drinking experience in demographic and sociological factors, and drinking age (95%CI: 0.620~0.903, p<).001), Ease of purchase (95% CI: 0.737 to 1.512, p=.035) is depression(95% CI:1.375 to 2.090, p<.001), sense of isolation (95% CI:0.695 to 1.092, p=.003), Suicide attempt experience (95% CI:1.593-3.147, p<.001) was identified as a factor influencing the heavy drinking experience. Therefore, this study discussed various social policies on youth drinking problems and the need for early intervention to prevent youth drinking, and suggested the development and intervention of programs considering social interest and mental health in the drinking environment in the future.
Factors Affecting Interpersonal Anxiety of Nursing Students before First Clinical Practice
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Hyeon Il Seon
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to identify interpersonal anxiety, interpersonal competence, and self-esteem of nursing students, who are to build interpersonal relationships with nursing clients and medical staff in a hospital as an unfamiliar environment, and to identify factors affecting their interpersonal anxiety with the aim of providing basic materials for developing measures to reduce their interpersonal anxiety before experiencing the first clinical practice. To conduct the study, 167 students of nursing college in G city, who acquired over two credits for practical training at school and prepared to experience their first clinical practice, were selected as the study targets and they were asked to report on their conditions through the questionnaire during the period from November 22 to December 2, 2022. Data analysis was performed by using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. The general characteristics of the participants were displayed by the frequency and converted into percentages. In addition, t-test and ANOVA were applied to identify the difference of interpersonal anxiety, interpersonal competence, and self-esteem. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression technique were used to analyze the correlation among them and the factors affecting the interpersonal anxiety, respectively. As for the interpersonal anxiety based on the general characteristics, it showed a difference in the ability to adjust to unfamiliar environment (F=10.514, p<.001), core nursing skills (F=5.735, p=.001), characters (t=-7.946, p<.001), and components of anxiety for first clinical practice (F=3.567, p=.016), and it had a significant negative correlation in the interpersonal competence (r=-.48, p<.001) and self-esteem (r=-.46, p<.001), and a significant positive correlation in the self-esteem and interpersonal competence (r=.44, p<.001). The interpersonal anxiety, interpersonal competence, and self-esteem scored 2.60 (out of 5), 3.47 (out of 5), and 3.80 (out of 5), respectively. Factors that affect the interpersonal anxiety were found as self-esteem (β=-.342, p<.001), interpersonal competence (β=-.323, p<.001) and the explanatory power was 31.2%. In conclusion, nursing students, who were ahead of their first clinical practice and showed a higher level of interpersonal competence and self-esteem were prone to have a low level of interpersonal anxiety. Therefore, it is considered that there is a need to develop and implement programs to improve interpersonal ability and self-esteem to reduce interpersonal anxiety of nursing students to prepare for their first clinical training.
The Effects of Situational Role Playing-Centered Safety Education through Fairy Tales on Children's Safety Knowledge and Safety Problem Solving Ability
Authors:   Form of Public Safety and Culture, Kim Yun Jeong , Lee Hyun Jeong
Published: February 2023

This study investigated the effect of situational role playing-centered safety education through fairy tales on children's safety knowledge and safety problem-solving ability.
The study selected 50 five-year-old children in Y Kindergarten in I Metropolitan City as the study subjects; the children were divided into experimental and control groups of 25 children each. Both groups carried out each assigned program with the same safety topics based on the seven standards for school safety, but the experiment group conducted the safety education program based on situational role playing through fairy tales planned by the researcher, and the control group conducted the annual safety education programs that were planned in kindergarten. Both pre-and post-tests were conducted across two weeks, and the experimental treatment was conducted twice a week for 12 weeks, resulting in a total of 24 sessions. The mean and standard deviation were calculated from the collected data, and covariance analysis was performed to determine the difference between the groups.
The results of this study showed that first, the experimental group improved significantly compared to the control group in terms of safety knowledge and its sub-factors, such as life safety, traffic safety, violence prevention and personal protection, prevention of drug and cyber addiction, disaster safety, occupational safety, and first aid. Second, the experimental group showed a significant improvement over the control group in terms of the ability to solve safety problems and their sub-factors including playing, complying with traffic safety rules, and emergency response.
This suggests that it is necessary to make active efforts to provide concrete and practical child safety education activities in order to derive sustainable effectiveness in each area of the seven standards for school safety education in the field of early childhood education by utilizing situational role playing-centered safety education programs through fairy tales.
Adopción embrionaria: estado de la cuestión ético-jurídica en el Perú
Authors: Salas Valdivia César , Carpio Valderrama Gabriela , Bernedo Moscoso Angélica Alejandra , Torres Flor Analucía , Berríos Garaycochea Miriam
Published: February 2023

La técnica de reproducción asistida trae consigo un número de embriones sobrantes. Se propone una revisión del estado de la cuestión de estos embriones en el Perú. Se revisa desde las perspectivas biológica, ética y jurídica. Se profundiza en el ordenamiento jurídico peruano, sobre el estado de desprotección de estos embriones y se contrasta con una posible solución: la adopción embrionaria. Se constata el estado de incertidumbre de la situación de estos embriones y se concluye como ilegítima la práctica de la adopción embrionaria, por vulnerar la dignidad y condición de sujeto de derecho del embrión sobrante.
OPTIMASI FLOW BAHAN BAKAR BATUBARA PADA ROTARY KILN UNIT VI PT XYZ
Authors: Farhan Muhammad , Agnesty Silvya Yusnica
Published: February 2023

Industri semen adalah salah satu sektor yang mengkonsumsi energi paling besar dibandingkan sektor lain. Dari keseluruhan plant, rotary kiln merupakan alat yang menyerap penggunaan energi terbesar. Rotary kiln merupakan sebuah unit di PT. XYZ yang berfungsi membentuk senyawa clinker dengan proses kalsinasi. Senyawa clinker merupakan komponen utama dalam memproduksi semen. Panas yang dibutuhkan untuk memproduksi clinker sangat besar dengan panas hilang pada sistem yang besar pula. Hasil perhitungan neraca panas menunjukkan rotary kiln Unit VI ini memiliki efisiensi sebesar 82,05% dan heat loss sebesar 17,95%. Pengaturan flow bahan bakar batubara berpengaruh dalam mengurangi nilai heat loss dengan mempertimbangkan nilai AFR. Hasil perhitungan optimasi menunjukkan pengaturan jumlah flow batubara dapat diminimalisir menjadi ± 10 ton/jam dengan efisiensi ± 90% dan nilai AFR ± 0,9. Hasil optimasi ini dapat menjadi pertimbangan untuk perusahaan dalam menentukan kondisi operasi rotary kiln.
INSPEKSI PEMERIKSAAN DAN PENGUJIAN PLTS TERAPUNG 5,2 KWP DI TAMAN MINI INDONESIA INDAH
Authors: Pratama Akbar , Akhiriyanto Novan , Sahrin Alfin
Published: February 2023

PT KAS Green Energy memiliki banyak projek diantaranya pembangunan dan pemasangan sistem PLTS Terapung di MLEB TMII dengan kapasitas 5,2 kWp. PLTS ini memiliki dua 2 string yang berupa sudut tetap dan timur barat dengan masing-masing string terdapat 10 panel surya yang dirangkai secara seri serta dapat dilakukan pemantauan pada laman sunnyportal sehingga menjadikan FPV ini semakin menarik sebagai bahan pembelajaran. Identifikasi masalah dimulai sejak Januari 2021 sampai Juli 2021 terindikasi tidak terdapat data hasil produksi energi listrik FPV pada laman sunnyportal sebagai dugaan awal permasalahan jaringan telekomunikasi. Setelah diperbaiki terdapat indikasi permaslahan lain pada FPV dari pemantauan laman pada September 2021 dan Oktober 2021. Saat inspeksi di lapangan melakukkan pemeriksaan dan pengukuran tegangan pada MCB DC combiner box, pengukuran tegangan pada string PV, pemeriksaan secara visual setiap modul surya, dan pemeriksaan kontinuitas jalur kabel terdapat temuan permasalahan tegangan jatuh pada string 2 karena kerusakan kabel penghantar yang menyebabkan tegangan jatuh sebesar -18,15% di bawah batas toleransi -5%. Setelah dilakukan perbaikan penggantian kabel penghantar didapatkan tegangan hasil pengukuran sebesar 328 Volt dengan jatuh tegangan sebesar -1,1% masih dalam rentang tolerasi standar tegangan jatuh sudah kembali normal.
Development and Validation of a Less Expensive and Portable PLC Module for Students Training in Industrial Automation
Authors:   Universidad Tecnologica del Perú, Palomino Masco Joel Fernando
Published: February 2023

Programmable logic controllers (PLC) devices play an important role in automation systems; therefore, technicians must have adequate training with these devices. If a student wants to learn about PLCs, they will find two problems. First, training programs are expensive, and second, PLC modules are not suitable for gaining hands-on skills. This study proposes the implementation and validation of a less expensive PLC module that is accessible to students interested in learning about this technology. Two prototypes were developed using a PIC16F877 and an ATMEGA328P microcontroller. This study describes the enhancement made in the second prototype over the first prototype. Finally, a comparison test between the two prototypes and two commercial PLCs is demonstrated. A MyRIO programmed as a data logger monitored the PLC operation for 12h. The program recorded the response time of the PLC output each time a 24 volts signal was sent to its input. The results show that commercial PLC has a fast and more stable response time. Nevertheless, the developed modules proved to work effectively for 12h, demonstrating their efficiency for training.
Empirical Evaluation of ECC Batch Verification Algorithms of Digital Signature in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors:   Jawaharlal Nehru University, Kumar Pankaj , Kumar Sharma Saurabh ,   Jawaharlal Nehru University, Umesh Kadam Kaveri ,   Jamia Millia Islamia Central University
Published: February 2023

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is an emerging topic in wireless communication where various sensor nodes are connected over the internet for data exchange. Exchanging the information over the WSN is very critical; therefore, it requires authentication and security mechanisms to ensure integrity and confidentiality. To avoid unauthorized use of WSN, the authentication through a digital signature turns into an essential task in WSN. Verification of individual signature is taking too much time and it is not suitable for wireless sensor network. Digital signature verification time can be reduced by using batch verification techniques in WSN. Therefore, the goal of this research is to examine and analyze the different type of batch verification algorithm based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC). With respect to security, the entire algorithm is identical to the standard Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) verification algorithm. These algorithms are effectively limited to small batch sizes.
Gêneros textuais e ensino nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Lima Ana Maria , Mélo Welitânia Renata
Published: February 2023

Este estudo fundamenta-se na concepção interacionista da linguagem e tem como finalidade investigar a mediação dos professores na abordagem dos gêneros textuais, especialmente no ensino da produção textual escrita. Participaram como informantes duas professoras do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental da Rede Municipal de Ensino do Recife. Compõem o corpus desta pesquisa a transcrição das aulas observadas e os textos produzidos pelos estudantes a partir das propostas apresentadas pelas educadoras. A pesquisa confirmou a hipótese de que o trabalho com os gêneros textuais, especialmente na escrita, ainda é fortemente marcado pela tradição do ensino da gramática normativa, uma vez que os elementos composicionais, estruturais, são abordados em primeiro plano, em detrimento da função sociocomunicativa e da criatividade dos estudantes.
Psychological Effects of Sedentary Behaviour Among Medical Students
Authors: Mahmud Syed Ahmed , Khan Muhammad Amin , Amjad Naeem , Sarrfraz Farrukh , Mehfooz Qurratulain , Saifullah Muhammad
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Physical and sedentary activities have been distinguished as possibly modifiable hazard components for many diseases, counting mental ailment, and may be effective targets for open health policy and intervention. However, the relative commitment of physical activity versus sedentary conduct to mental wellbeing is less clear. Objective: To identify the psychological effects of sedentary behaviour among medical students Study Design: Quantitative cross sectional Settings: M Islam Medical College Gujranwala Duration: Three months i.e. 1st January 2022 to 30th March 2022 Data Collection procedure: The study was conducted at M Islam Medical College Gujranwala to identify the psychological effects of sedentary behaviour among medical students. The cross sectional study conducted over 200 medical students. The Korean form of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), which was developed by Cohen et-al, was utilized in this study. Anxiety was measured with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), a self report scale that was created by Beck et al. Depression was measured utilizing the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). Results: The total number of students who were participated in the study was 200 in which 82 were males and 118 were females. Psychological effects of sedentary behaviour among medical students on hourly basis, week days and on weekends were calculated. BMI, Mean and standard deviation were calculated in regard to stress, anxiety and depression. Practical implication Conclusion: Stress, anxiety, and depression are genuine mental wellbeing issues among college student groups. The sedentary behavior of college students was found to be significantly related to their mental problems in the present study. Be that as it may, until now, research has rarely been conducted to identify the mechanisms or interceding variables that clarify the relationship between sedentary behavior and stress, anxiety, and depression. Keywords: Sedentary behaviour, stress, psychological, anxiety, depression
Liver Dysfunction in Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Authors: Shah Zafar , Bibi Humaira , Akhtar Shamim , Amin Noor-ul- , Nasir Saba , Sadia Bushra
Published: February 2023

Aim: To determine the frequency of liver dysfunction in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum. Study design: It was a retrospective cross sectional study. Place and duration: This study was done in the gastroenterology department of Timergara Teaching Hospital over a period of 1 year i.e., from September 2021 to August 2022. Methods: 140 pregnant women admitted with diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum were included in this study after excluding liver disease. Data was collected from case files from the department of medical records. SPSS version 25 was used to analyze the data. Results: Liver dysfunction was seen in 55.2% of patients with hyperemesis gravidarum. The mean age of patients with hyperemesis gravidarum was found to be 24.4±5.35 years and most cases were found to be primigravida i.e., 72.8%. Mean gestational age was found to be 9.2± 1.9 weeks. No significant difference in liver dysfunction was seen in relation to BMI. Conclusion: Abnormal liver function tests is a common finding in cases of hyperemesis gravidarum which recover completely when resolution of hyperemesis occurs and needs no treatment. Key words: Hyperemesis gravidarum, nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, liver dysfunction, liver function tests. ALT, AST.
A Study on Undergraduate Medical Students’ Knowledge Perception and Awareness about Monkeypox Infection
Authors: Zehra Farheen , Sarwar Waseem , Naqvi S. M. Hasan , Ahmad Ali , Ali Malik Armaghan , Habib Taha Hassan , Khalid Aiza
Published: February 2023

Background: Monkeypox virus infection is emerging as global outbreak in 2022. Basic knowledge about the disease, its transmission, clinical features and prevention should be provided to all healthcare providers. Aim: To assess knowledge of undergraduate medical students about Monkeypox infection. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Niazi Medical and Dental College, Sargodha between August and September 2022. Students from third to final year were included and a self-report questionnaire comprising of demographic data, source of information about infection and preventive measures based on obtainable facts from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and WHO was used.Descriptive statistical analysis was done on SPSS version 22. Results: 95.4% of participants knew about monkeypox infection out of which 87.9% reported virus as causative agent.45.4% stated direct contact as a mode of disease transmission.Two-fourth respondents didn’t know about the incubation period out of them majority were in final year.Majority learned about it through social media and most common reported symptoms were rash and fever. 34.5% were aware of the pre-emptive measures of the disease while only 1/3rd of participants were acquainted with availability of vaccine.One-fourth MBBS students, majority final year, had knowledge regarding active cases of Monkeypox in Pakistan. 2/3rd responders thought that Pakistan’s health system could not bear the burden of another outbreak. Conclusion: Knowledge of emerging monkeypox infection is limited in medical students, therefore, measures should be taken to arrange awareness programs and educational courses at institution and national levels. Keywords: Monkeypox, virus infection, global outbreak, incubation period, pre-emptive measures, medical student.
The obesity paradox - Is BMI associated with advanced stage in oral cancer?
Authors: Anwar Junaid , Baig Faraz , Shaikh Fouzia , Tabassum Najia , Kumar Santosh , Ahmed Syeda Zehra
Published: February 2023

Background: Recent studies have shown that cancer patients with low BMI have poor outcomes. Their results suggest, obesity have some protective effect in cancer termed as “obesity paradox”. Aim: To examine the association of BMI with prognostic indicators of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methodology: This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted during the year 2020 and 2021. 126 patients recently diagnosed with OSCC were randomly selected from three different tertiary care setup in Karachi. Height and weight of each subject was recorded to calculate BMI and clinicopathological data was obtained. The BMI indices were categorized into low, normal and high strata according to WHO guidelines. Statistical analysis was done for association of independent factors with BMI strata. Results: We found 81(64.3%) participants were underweight compared to 32(25.4%) normal-weight and 13(10.3%) overweight cases. A strong statistical association was observed between low BMI (83.1% underweight) and advanced tumor stage i.e., Stage IV (P= 0.001) while among risk factors of OSCC, only smokeless tobacco showed significant association (P= 0.002) with reduced BMI. This research brings attention to the importance of BMI in cancer and add to the growing literature in the field of oncology. Our findings about the impact of BMI on OSCC outcome will help in the intervention and development of prevention strategies for one of the most prevalent cancers in Pakistan. This present research will help to answer the complex question of “optimum” BMI in cancer and will help to improve the prognosis of OSCC. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that low BMI could be an indicator of poor clinical outcomes in OSCC. We thus recommend monitoring of BMI in OSCC patients in order to optimize treatment strategies. However, we encourage further studies to examine other body composition metrics for individualized treatments and intervention strategies. Keywords: Adiposity, Obesity paradox, Squamous cells, carcinoma, BMI
Fungal Production of Cellulase Using Fruit Waste as Economical Growth Substrates
Authors: Hussain M. Imran , Ijaz Iqra , Mustafa M. Ahmad , Sabar Neelam , Kazmi S. M. Umar , Memon Aamirgul , Najeeb Momina , Khan M.
Published: February 2023

Background: Vegetables and fruits are playing an important role in human life and diet. For eco-friendly usage the fruit peel wastes can be used as nutrients for microorganisms and animals as they consist of various growth promoting factors. Cellulolytic enzymes convert cellulose into simpler sugars. Due to suitable cellulase titers and rapid growth bacteria and fungi are becoming choice of interest. Aim: Production of fungal cellulase by using different types of fruit wastes. Method:This descriptive study was conducted by collecting the Fruit wastes (mango peels, melon peels, orange peels and watermelon rind) from fruit processing shops and transported to Applied and Environmental Microbiology laboratory.Inoculum was prepared by using basal medium and fruit peel powder.Descriptive statistical analysis of data will be performed. One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) will be applied for comparing mean values among species using Minitab 16. P < 0.05 will be considered significant. Result: The statistical analysis showed that in solid state fermentation the enzyme summary within 10 days was (181.32±0.00 μg/ml/min) after every 24 hour was (9.40±1.22μg/ml/min) and (0.39±0.05μg/ml/min) after every 1 hour and (0.01±0.00μg/ml/min) at 1 minute. The statistical analysis showed that in sub-merged fermentation the enzyme summary within 10 days was 191.83±4.96 after every 24 hour was (7.12±0.76μg/ml/min) and (0.30±0.03μg/ml/min) after every 1 hour and (0.0.00±0.00 μg/ml/min) at 1 minute. Conclusion: The present study clearly indicates the potential of Rhizopussp as the best producer of cellulolytic enzymes. Regarding the substrate fruit peels (mango peels, melon peels, orange peels, and watermelon rind) can be used for the efficient production of cellulase. Keywords: Rhizopus, cellulolytic enzymes, fruit peels, fungal production.