bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kinerja VHF-A/G TOWER/ADC dengan VHF-A/G APP di Bandar Udara Husein Sastranegara Bandung
Authors: Asri Adisty Hanny , Lidyawati Lita
Published: November 2018

Penelitian ini menjelaskan kinerja komunikasi penerbangan dari perangkat VHF-A/G antara ADC/TOWER (Aerodrome Control) maupun APP (Approach Control Center) dengan pilot di pesawat. Jika terjadi kesalahan dalam pengaturan wilayah pada kedua ruang lingkup udara tersebut, tidak dapat terjadi komunikasi yang diharapkan, pilot dapat kehilangan arah dalam menentukan tujuan. ATC(Air Traffic Control) memandu seluruh kegiatan penerbangan dengan pilot di pesawat dengan bantuan navigator. VHF A/G memiliki batas frekuensi 118-137 MHz, daya yang dipancarkan antara 25 Watt sampai dengan 50 Watt dengan ketinggian 0 – 20000 ft dan jarak jangkauan 0 – 87 Nm. Penggunaan perangkat VHF-A/G untuk melakukan komunikasi dengan baik antara pilot di pesawat dengan ATC diukur dengan indikator level, yang menunjukkan kondisi perangkat VHF-A/G dibagian pengirim dan penerima. Pesawat dengan level readability (keterbacaan) terbaik yaitu 4 dan 5 diantaranya; Citylink Air 888, Garuda, Air Asia, Lion Air 911 dan 903, Auri (Militer), Express Air, Red Cap Air dan Wings Air.
Analisis Unjuk Kerja Motor Induksi 3 Fasa Menggunakan Inverter 3 Fasa
Authors: Pranata Yogi , Arfianto Teguh , Taryana Nandang
Published: November 2018

Variabel speed drive adalah alat yang digunakan untuk mengatur kecepatan motor induksi 3 fasa, dengan cara mengatur frekuensi yang akan diberikan kepada motor induksi. Pengaturan frekuensi pada inverter bertujuan untuk melakukan penghematan daya dikarenakan pengaturan frekuensi berbanding lurus dengan pengaturan tegangan. Untuk mendapatkan nilai hasil penghematan daya menggunakan inverter, akan dilakukan pengujian pengaturan kecepatan motor menggunakan inverter dengan motor pompa agar debitnya bisa diatur dengan mengatur kecepatan putaran motor, debit yang diatur saat menggunakan inverter dayanya akan dibandingkan dengan pengaturan debit menggunakan throttle. Selisih daya yang dibutuhkan untuk mengeluarkan debit yang sama menunjukan hasil penghematan energinya. Pengujian menggunakan throttle dengan debit fix yang keluarannya diatur pada putaran valve. Pengaturan debit menggunakan inverter dengan mengatur kecepatan putar motor dengan cara mengatur frekuensinya. Nilai selisih penggunaan daya adalah efisiensi penghematan dayanya. Hasil dari percobaan yang dilakukan, nilai penghematan dayanya sebesar 369,8 kWh/hari.
Clusters and components of the metabolic syndrome are associations with the prevalence of depression in open urban male population
Authors: Akimova E. V. , Akimov M. Yu. , Gakova E. I. , Frolova E. Yu. , Gafarov V. V. , Kuznetsov V. A.
Published: November 2018

Aim. To establish associations of the frequency of detection of clusters and components of the metabolic syndrome (MS) with the prevalence of depression in open male population of moderately urbanized Siberian city.

Material and methods. Cross-sectional epidemiological survey included 1000 individuals formed from the election list of males in one of the Tyumen administrative districts. The response rate was 85,0%. MS was assessed using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. A self-administered WHO MONICA-psychosocial questionnaire was used to assess the levels of depression. Statistical analysis was conducted using a package of software program for medical data IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0.

Results. In the open population of moderately urbanized Siberian city in men (age 25-64) with depression the following clusters of MS are prevalent: abdominal obesity (AO) + hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) + decrease of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hypoHDL-C) and AO + hypoHDL-C + arterial hypertension (AH); in the presence of a high level of depression AO + HTG + hypoHDL-C and AO + hypoHDL-C + AH are prevalent. A direct correlation was established between the prevalence of depression and abdominal obesity and hypertension, as well as the prevalence of a high level of depression with HTG and hypo-HDL cholesterol. In the open urban population in men (age 25-64) with high level of depression the following clusters of MS are prevalent: AO + HTG + hypoHDL-C and AO + HTG + hypoHDL-C + AH. We established an increase in the chances of developing a high level of depression with following MS clusters: AO + HTG + hypoHDL-C. According to IDF criteria, the prevalence of MS components in male population (age 25-64) in Tyumen was: AO — 42,6%; AH — 59,8%; hyperglycemia — 17,4%; HTG — 10,5%; hypoHDL-C — 4,6%. With a primary prevalence of MS components in men (age 25-64) with a low level of depression, the prevalence of HTG and hypoHDL-C in open population of moderately urbanized Siberian city prevails in men with high and mean levels of depression.

Conclusion. The strategies for MS prevention in men of moderately urbanized city should contain measures to optimize nutrition regarding psychosocial determinants. This is due not only to the wide prevalence of overweight and obesity in Tyumen population but also to dyslipidemia associated with these factors.
Tobacco Use Assessment and Treatment in Cancer Patients: A Scoping Review of Oncology Care Clinician Adherence to Clinical Practice Guidelines in the U.S.
Authors: Price Sarah N. , Studts Jamie L. , Hamann Heidi A.
Published: November 2018

Background

Smoking after a cancer diagnosis negatively impacts health outcomes; smoking cessation improves symptoms, side effects, and overall prognosis. The Public Health Service and major oncology organizations have established guidelines for tobacco use treatment among cancer patients, including clinician assessment of tobacco use at each visit. Oncology care clinicians (OCCs) play important roles in this process (noted as the 5As: Asking about tobacco use, Advising users to quit, Assessing willingness to quit, Assisting in quit attempts, and Arranging follow-up contact). However, OCCs may not be using the “teachable moments” related to cancer diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship to provide cessation interventions.

Materials and Methods

In this scoping literature review of articles from 2006 to 2017, we discuss (1) frequency and quality of OCCs' tobacco use assessments with cancer patients and survivors; (2) barriers to providing tobacco treatment for cancer patients; and (3) the efficacy and future of provider-level interventions to facilitate adherence to tobacco treatment guidelines.

Results

OCCs are not adequately addressing smoking cessation with their patients. The reviewed studies indicate that although >75% assess tobacco use during an intake visit and >60% typically advise patients to quit, a substantially lower percentage recommend or arrange smoking cessation treatment or follow-up after a quit attempt. Less than 30% of OCCs report adequate training in cessation interventions.

Conclusion

Intervention trials focused on provider- and system-level change are needed to promote integration of evidence-based tobacco treatment into the oncology setting. Attention should be given to the barriers faced by OCCs when targeting interventions for the oncologic context.

Implications for Practice

This article reviews the existing literature on the gap between best and current practices for tobacco use assessment and treatment in the oncologic context. It also identifies clinician- and system-level barriers that should be addressed in order to lessen this gap and provides suggestions that could be applied across different oncology practice settings to connect patients with tobacco use treatments that may improve overall survival and quality of life.
Applying Artificial Intelligence to Address the Knowledge Gaps in Cancer Care
Authors: Simon George , DiNardo Courtney D. , Takahashi Koichi , Cascone Tina , Powers Cynthia , Stevens Rick , Allen Joshua , Antonoff Mara B. , Gomez Daniel , Keane Pat , Suarez Saiz Fernando , Nguyen Quynh , Roarty Emily , Pierce Sherry , Zhang Jianjun , Hardeman Barnhill Emily , Lakhani Kate , Shaw Kenna , Smith Brett , Swisher Stephen , High Rob , Futreal P. Andrew , Heymach John , Chin Lynda
Published: November 2018

Background

Rapid advances in science challenge the timely adoption of evidence-based care in community settings. To bridge the gap between what is possible and what is practiced, we researched approaches to developing an artificial intelligence (AI) application that can provide real-time patient-specific decision support.

Materials and Methods

The Oncology Expert Advisor (OEA) was designed to simulate peer-to-peer consultation with three core functions: patient history summarization, treatment options recommendation, and management advisory. Machine-learning algorithms were trained to construct a dynamic summary of patients cancer history and to suggest approved therapy or investigative trial options. All patient data used were retrospectively accrued. Ground truth was established for approximately 1,000 unique patients. The full Medline database of more than 23 million published abstracts was used as the literature corpus.

Results

OEA's accuracies of searching disparate sources within electronic medical records to extract complex clinical concepts from unstructured text documents varied, with F1 scores of 90%–96% for non-time-dependent concepts (e.g., diagnosis) and F1 scores of 63%–65% for time-dependent concepts (e.g., therapy history timeline). Based on constructed patient profiles, OEA suggests approved therapy options linked to supporting evidence (99.9% recall; 88% precision), and screens for eligible clinical trials on ClinicalTrials.gov (97.9% recall; 96.9% precision).

Conclusion

Our results demonstrated technical feasibility of an AI-powered application to construct longitudinal patient profiles in context and to suggest evidence-based treatment and trial options. Our experience highlighted the necessity of collaboration across clinical and AI domains, and the requirement of clinical expertise throughout the process, from design to training to testing.
Cement–rock interaction in geothermal wells at high temperatures
Authors: Silva João , Milestone Neil B.
Published: November 2018

The lifetime of a geothermal well is strongly dependent on the long-term performance of the cement used for its construction. The critical zones in well cements are the outermost layers, where the cement encounters either the steel casing or the rock formation. The current paper presents a study of the changes in the interfacial transition zone that forms between geothermal cements and volcanic rocks, after hydrothermal treatment at 290°C. Cement slurries were poured into cavities drilled into ignimbrite blocks and allowed to set at 90°C. The assemblages were autoclaved under typical geothermal conditions, both with and without a carbon dioxide overpressure at 290°C. The addition of silica to the cement dictates the phases that form in cement. When exposed to carbon dioxide, these calcium silicate hydrate phases carbonate, at distinct carbonation rates. The rate at which these phases form and/or carbonate affects the reaction extent of the cement with the rock and, eventually, the cement durability.
Effect of reclaimed asphalt pavement on performance of rubberised asphalt mixtures
Authors: Aghapour Moslem , Babagoli Rezvan
Published: November 2018

The utilisation of crumb rubber (CR) and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) has proven to be an economical, environmentally sound and effective way of increasing the performance of asphalt mixtures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of CR in high RAP content asphalt mixtures. The RAP content was 0%, 20%, 40% or 60% and CR (0%, 10% and 20% by weight of bitumen) was blended with the unmodified binder using a wet process. The performance characteristics of these modified asphalt mixtures were investigated through a series of laboratory tests such as the indirect tensile strength, moisture susceptibility, resilient modulus, rutting resistance and fatigue behaviour. The results of the experiments indicated that the fatigue life of the mixtures decreased with an increase in RAP content. The addition of CR led to an increase in the fatigue life of the mixtures. Also, as the percentage of RAP in the mixtures was increased, the rut resistance of the CR-modified mixtures substantially increased. Statistical analysis showed that the addition of RAP and CR had a significant effect on reducing the permanent deformation of the mixtures. According to the results, 10% CR and 40% RAP could be used without a significant reduction in the performance of the mixture.
Effect of stress state on soil–water retention and its application on the strength prediction
Authors: Gao Y. , Sun D. , Zhou A. , Li J.
Published: November 2018

On the basis of Fredlund & Xing's equation, this paper presents a new water-retention equation that takes into account the effect of initial dry density on the water-retention behaviour. Besides, a new strength equation is proposed to predict the shear strength of unsaturated soils under different stress states based on the proposed water-retention equation. The comparisons between measured and predicted shear strengths of unsaturated soils are employed to validate the proposed strength equation.
Incorporation of Cadmium into Hexagonal Boron Nitride by Solid State Reaction
Authors: BUDAK Erhan
Published: November 2018

In this study, cadmium-hexagonal boron nitride (Cd-h-BN) were synthesized according to the O’Connor method with varying amounts of
cadmium(II) nitrate. The structural characterizations were performed
with FTIR, XRD, and SEM techniques
while the cadmium contents in Cd-h-BN were determined by AAS. XRD results
shown that an increase
in interlayer distance of h-BN, and nano-scale products were observed at 1050°C. The lattice constants
were calculated by Scherrer equation and results were very close to the original h-BN. Although different amounts of
Cd(NO3)2·5H2O were added in the starting mixtures,
the cadmium contents of Cd-h-BN samples showed no significant difference and
few amounts of cadmium was intercalated to h-BN. In addition, increasing
cadmium amount caused to minor grain growth of h-BN samples.
Le sujet du (néo)libéralisme
Authors: Stival Monica Loyola
Published: November 2018

This article aims to show that one cannot reach an opening to new forms of political rationality from the manner in which Foucault thinks the subject in liberal modernity. The difference between "concurrence" understood as form or as norm distinguishes Foucault's diagnosis regarding liberal modernity from the diagnosis presented by Dardot and Laval. This difference lies at the basis of the possibility of thinking with Dardot and Laval a counter-rationality or, with Foucault, of remaining within the epistemological framework of liberalism itself. This is because the status of this (neo)liberal rationality, in Foucault's analysis, has as its counterpart the (neo)liberal subject. Therefore, to indicate the theoretical and political limitation that rationality as an essential form of modernity implies to Foucault's thought, I will rely on some critical considerations to the analysis of Dardot and Laval, opposite in this point to Foucault's reading of modern rationality and of the (neo)liberal subject.
The Effects of the Ability-to-Repay / Qualified Mortgage Rule on Mortgage Lending
Authors: Sherlund Shane , Hizmo Aurel
Published: November 2018

In this note, we use a unique set of mortgage applications and locks data from January 2013 through September 2018 to examine the effects of the ATR/QM rule on mortgage lending and mortgage pricing.
CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS IN WATER FLOWS IN THE AREA OF UNALSKY TAILING DUMP AND ARDON RIVER
Authors: Chigoeva Dzerassa N. , Kamanina Inna Z. , Kaplina Svetlana P.
Published: November 2018

The long history of development of deposits of lead-zinc ores of the Sadonsky mining region led to the formation of extensive halos of chemical pollution of surface watercourses. Aim. The aim of this study is to monitor surface watercourses in the area of the Unalsky tailing dumps and the Kholst deposit by points of sampling of 1992-2004. Sampling was conducted in the summer of 2016. Methods. The content of heavy metals of 2 and 3 hazard classes (Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn and Cu) was studied by atomic absorption. The contribution of the Unaldon River and Unalsky tailing dump to the pollution of the Ardon River. Results. The highest content of cadmium, lead and zinc, significantly exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) in the water bodies of cultural and domestic use is found in the Ardon River down from the Unalsky tailing dump. The flow of heavy metals into the Unaldon River with adit waters compared with the observation period of 1992-2004 decreased noticeably. In conditions of a reduction in the production capacity of mining and processing enterprises, the leaching of heavy metals from mountain dumps and excavations make an insignificant contribution to the pollution of the Ardon River in comparison with the Unalsky tailing dump. Conclusion. The state of the Ardon River down from the discharge from the tailing dump corresponds to the "environmental disaster" category. The condition of the rivers Mayramdon and Unaldon according to the content of heavy metals corresponds to a "relatively satisfactory" type.
ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE URAL RIVER BASIN IN THE CASPIAN LOWER AREA
Authors: Turgumbaev Akhan A. , Turikeshev Gennady T.-G.
Published: November 2018

Aim. The aim is to study the modern and ancient basin of the Ural River and establish the cause of its shallowing, as well as the disappearance of small rivers and tributaries of the Ural River. Methods. The research method consists in the generalization and reduction to a single scale of all cartographic and space-survey documents, as well as the identification of elements of hydrography and relief created by ancient watercourses. Results. At present, many countries experience a shortage of fresh water. A person uses a huge amount of fresh water to meet his daily needs. In addition, contaminated waste technical waters are discharged into rivers and lakes. The Republic of Kazakhstan occupies most of the Caspian lowland, with the only full-flowing river, Ural (the Kazakh name is Zhayik). However, this river is becoming shallow, its level and spring floods are becoming lower. Cut-off lakes are also drying and disappearing. Small rivers that flew into the Ural river have almost disappeared and water level increases only during the melting of snow and after heavy rains. The studied territory is located in the arid climate zone, where there is little snow, and rains are rare. Conclusions. However, studying the cartographic and space imagery, we can say that there are many dry channels in the Caspian lowland. It must be assumed that this region was sufficiently moist, with a large number of rivers and lakes.
IMPACT OF GREEN MANURE ON CROP YIELD OF CEREALS IN CONDITIONS OF IRRIGATION OF THE TERSKO-SULAK SUBPROVINCES
Authors: Aytemirov Aytemir A. , Khalilov Magomednur B. , Babayev Tofik T. , Amiraliev Zaur G.
Published: November 2018

Aim. The aim of the research was to identify the effect of types of fertilizer on increasing soil fertility and corn yield of grain and sorghum in conditions of irrigation of the Tersko-Sulak subprovince. Methods. Carrying out some field experiments: conducting observations and laboratory tests, selection of soil and plant samples was carried out according to generally accepted methods: statistical processing of yield data was carried out by the method of variance analysis based on Kirov Federal State Unitary Enterprise and FSBSI Dagestan Agricultural Research Institute named after F.G. Kisriev. Results. Studies showed that in the post-harvest period after harvesting winter wheat, it is better to cultivate green manure with the presence of legumes. A valuable biological feature of them is the ability to absorb atmospheric nitrogen. The powerful root system of the seeding pea improves the physical properties of the soil, as well as microbiological activity. The most favorable conditions are created for the growth and development of maize and sorghum, after plowing of fertilizers in the stubble period in the conditions of irrigation of the Tersko-Sulak subprovince, by applying mineral fertilizers at a dose of N150 P75 K75, seeding peas, manure (30 t / ha), In these cases, on average, over two years, the highest yield of maize was 5.6-5.7-5.5 t / ha and grain sorghum, respectively, 4.7-4.8-4.5 t / ha. Conclusion. For the first time, in conditions of irrigation of the Tersko-Sulak subprovince, were obtained the results on the effectiveness of different types of fertilizers introduced into the soil.
CHANGES IN SALT COMPOSITION OF OIL CONTAMINATED BLACK SOILS
Authors: Buluktaev Aleksey А.
Published: November 2018

Aim. The Republic of Kalmykia is rich in fossils minerals, the main of which are oil, gas, condensate, etc. The republic includes three main morphostructures: the Caspian lowland, the Ergeninskaya Upland and the Kuma-Manych depression. The Caspian lowland, in turn, is divided into the Sarpinskaya lowland and the Black Lands. Practically all hydrocarbon production fields are concentrated in the territory of the Black Lands. In this regard, the most acute for this area are issues of environmental management and problems associated with the seepage of petroleum products into the environment. In the present work, was investigated the problem of soil contamination within the Nadezhdinsky, North-Kamyshansky, Tengutinsky, Bairskoye and Sostinsky oil deposits. Methods. The soil composition of the deposits is due to the complexity and is characterized by a light granulometric composition and, in most cases, salinity. The soils were analyzed for the content of Са2+, Mg2+and Na+cations, НСО3-, CI-and SO42anions as well as their pH values. Results. Contamination of soils with oil and petroleum products leads to deterioration of its physical and chemical properties, salinity increase, soil alkalinization; soils saturated with oil products, lose the ability to retain moisture, they are characterized by lower values of hygroscopic moisture, water permeability and moisture capacity. Conclusions. The study revealed that the oil pollution of the Black Lands leads to a change in the quality of salinity; the content of sodium and chlorine ions increases in the oil-contaminated soils.
INTRODUCTION POPULATIONS OF USEFUL PLANTS IN THE YAKUT BOTANICAL GARDEN
Authors: Semenova Varvara V. , Danilova Nadezhda S.
Published: November 2018

Aim. The aim is to study the ontogeny and structure of introduced populations of useful plants in Central Yakutia. Methods. Description of the ontogeny of the plants under study was carried out with the determination of ontogenetic states according to generally accepted methods. After planting, current measures were taken to care for plants with elimination of weeds and preservation of the undergrowth. The number of plants at the planting sites was calculated annually. Results. In plants, there is a polyvariety of the rate of development, in which the life cycle is shortened in individuals, the rate of development is accelerated or the ontogenetic states are missed, and there is also transition of plants to a temporarily non-flowering state. All studied introductory populations were left-sided and had different absolute maxima, which depended on the life form and duration of plant stay in culture. Conclusions. Among young monocentric plants we saw the development and attenuation of the population (Delphinium grandiflorum, Linum komarovii, Plantago major, Redowskia sophiifolia). In them, absolute maximums fall on juvenile, immitric, virginile and young generative groups. In populations of monocentric perennial plants, Lilium pensylvanicum and Adonis sibirica, absolute maxima fall on virginile groups. For studied years, the nature of the developmental spectrum in populations of Clausia aprica and Tussilago farfara has not changed with the absolute maximum in the virginal group.
TO THE FAUNA OF TICKS OF THE REPUBLIC OF DAGHESTAN
Authors: Dzhambulatov Zaydin M. , Akhmedov Magomed M. , Sakidibirov Omar P.
Published: November 2018

Aim. The human factor has a significant influence on the development cycles of flora and fauna in the republic, including ticks, in which life cycles are associated with parasitization of agricultural animals, where biotopes are farm buildings, virgin and fallow pastures. Global changes in agriculture over the past two decades have led to an increase in natural pastures, reduction in the areas of sowing grasses, an increase in biotope areas and a number of parasitic ticks on animals. In this regard, we set a goal to study the ecological and biological features of the distribution of biotopes of arthropod parasites in the republic. Material and methods. The material of the study was ticks collected from cattle, sheep and horses in various zones. Collection of ticks was carried out by epizootic and regular methods. Observations, using the direct collection method, have been carried out for 7 years. Results. The researches revealed the presence of 4 genera of Ixodes ticks in the Republic: Hyalomma, Boophilus, Rhipicephalus and Dermacentor, and the genus Hyalomma occurs mainly in the Tersko-Sulak lowland, the rest can be discovered throughout the territory of Chechnya. Their species composition is represented by H. scupense, H. anatolicum, H. marginatum, H. plumbeum; B. annulatus; D. reticulatus, D. marginatus, D. daghestanicus and R. bursa. Conclusion. Through the infected eggs of the tick, further infection of the larvae takes place, which in turn, after molting, turn into the nymph and infect healthy animals, as well as the adult. The natural and climatic conditions of the Republic favor such a cycle of development of ticks.
ANALYSIS OF THE INTERRELATION OF CYTOGENETIC HOMEOSTASIS AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE ORGANISM OF GOBY FISH (GOBIIDAE) OF THE NORTHERN CASPIAN
Authors: Kuzina Tatiana V. , Galaktionova Maya L.
Published: November 2018

Aim. The aim is to investigate the relationship between the content of micronuclei, destructive disorders in the nuclei of erythrocytes of peripheral blood of the goby fish and intensity of lipid peroxidation in fish tissues. Methods. Was used the method of quantitative accounting of morphologically altered red blood cells of peripheral blood of goby fish. Evaluation of cytogenetic disorders in fish blood cells was carried out based on a micronucleus test. Samples of muscle tissues and liver were sampled for biochemical analyzes. The rates of lipid peroxidation (LPO level) were determined by a method based on the reaction of malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid, the end product of lipid peroxidation. Results. A correlation was found between the rates of spontaneous LPO, ascorbate-dependant LPO and the accumulation of malondialdehyde in the liver of fish and changes in the nucleus of erythrocytes (R2 =0,8; R2 =0,6; R2 =0,7, respectively). Conclusions. We established the functional dependence which justifies the need to use cytogenetic markers to assess the impact of adverse environmental factors on the body of hydrobionts.
TO THE FAUNA OF BIVALVE MOLLUSCS OF THE DAGESTAN COAST OF THE CASPIAN SEA
Authors: Khlopkova Marina V. , Guseynov Magomedzagid K. , Guseynov Kais M. , Gasanova Aysha Sh.
Published: November 2018

Aim. The aim is to study bivalve mollusks of the Dagestan zone of the Caspian Sea as the main feed for all the fish fauna in modern conditions. Material and methods. For the study, are used the materials received in the period of spring-autumn 2015-2017. The collection of material and data processing was carried out according to traditional methods. For the study of nutrition, 30 specimens of each fish species were opened. Such feeding characteristics as the composition of food and the ratio of feed components are given. In the study of shells of bivalve mollusks, the following morphological parameters were measured: length (L), height (H), convexity (Con.), in accordance with the most common measurement technique. Were calculated the allometric coefficients for each year of the life of the individual: the coefficient of elongation (the ratio of height to length), the convexity coefficient (the ratio of convexity to the height). Results. At all periods of the level regime, mollusks are the main food resource of the Caspian Sea. At present they form the basis of the food bolus of the investigated commercial fish species. In June 2017, 25 km north of the city of Makhachkala, after a storm, we found 109 shells of Corbicula fluminalis (O.F. Müller, 1774) (a new invasive atypical species for the investigated aquatorium), the third part of which still had the remains of the ligament. The species was the third most abundant and represented by specimens of all age stages. Conclusions. At present, there are fluctuations in the biomass of the autocolonizers Cerastoderma lamarcki (Reeve), Mytilaster lineatus (Gmelin) and Abra ovata (Philippi), as well as a significant reduction in the range of autochthonous Caspian species, mainly Didacna Eichw. Bivalve mollusks are the main food resource of the Caspian Sea. In conditions of increasing anthropogenic load, further detailed studies of the Caspian's malacofauna are needed.
Study of the Effect of Crude Oils on the Metallic Corrosion
Authors: Aluvihara Suresh , Premachandra Jagath K
Published: November 2018

Corrosion is a severe matter regarding the most of metal using industries such as the crude oil refining. The formation of the oxides, sulfides or hydroxides on the surface of metal due to the chemical reaction between metals and surrounding is the corrosion that  highly depended on the corrosive properties of crude oil as well as the chemical composition of ferrous metals since it was expected to investigate the effect of Murban and Das blend crude oils on the rate of corrosion of seven different ferrous metals which are used in the crude oil refining industry and investigate the change in hardness of metals. The sulfur content, acidity and salt content of each crude oil were determined. A series of similar pieces of seven different types of ferrous metals were immersed in each crude oil separately and their rates of corrosion were determined by using their relative weight loss after 15, 30 and 45 days. The corroded metal surfaces were observed under the microscope. The hardness of each metal piece was tested before the immersion in crude oil and after the corrosion with the aid of Vicker’s hardness tester. The metallic concentrations of each crude oil sample were tested using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The Das blend crude oil contained higher sulfur content and acidity than Murban crude oil. Carbon steel metal pieces showed the highest corrosion rates whereas the stainless-steel metal pieces showed the least corrosion rates in both crude oils since that found significant Fe and Cu concentrations from some of crude oil samples. The mild steel and the Monel showed relatively intermediate corrosion rates compared to the other types of ferrous metal pieces in both crude oils. There was a slight decrease in the initial hardness of all the ferrous metal pieces due to corrosion.
Population Variability and Heat Bias Prediction in a Tropical Country, Nigeria, From 2006 to 2036
Authors: Nwaerema Peace , Edokpa David
Published: November 2018

This research explores population variability and heat bias prediction in a tropical country, Nigeria from 2006 to 2036. Data were generated from the projections of the National Population Commission (NPC) using the population mathematical model for heat bias data.  With national population growth rate of 2.67%, Nigeria recorded heat bias of 60C in 2016, 6.10C in 2026 and 6.20C in 2036 as well as 0.10C decadal variation indicating that it has exceeded the 0.5-0.250C standard comfort threshold. The analytical results show that there is a positive association between population density and heat bias across the states of Nigeria with greater effects in states such as Lagos, Anambra, Imo, Abia, Akwa Ibom Ekiti, Rivers, Osun and Ebonyi due to the high concentration of people in their limited land mass. And more of the eastern states of Nigeria will have much effect of the heat bias due to their high population density. It shows that land mass does not have any association with heat bias and will likely be influenced by land modification and atmospheric characteristics. Heat wave could result to death of people; therefore, national planners should implement environmental, health and land-use management strategies with immediate action in order to make Nigeria a safe place to live.
Absence of Luttinger's theorem for fermions with power-law Green functions
Authors: Limtragool Kridsanaphong , Leong Zhidong , Phillips Philip W.
Published: November 2018

We investigate the validity of Luttinger’s theorem (or Luttinger sum
rule) in two scale-invariant fermionic models. We find that, in general,
Luttinger’s theorem does not hold in a system of fermions with power-law
Green functions which do not necessarily preserve particle-hole
symmetry. However, Ref. [1,2] showed that Luttinger liquids, another
scale-invariant fermionic model, respect Luttinger’s theorem. To
understand the difference, we examine the spinless Luttinger liquid
model. We find two properties which make the Luttinger sum rule valid in
this model: particle-hole symmetry and lmG(\omega=0,-\infty)=0lmG(ω=0,−∞)=0.
We conjecture that these two properties represent sufficient, but not
necessary, conditions for the validity of the Luttinger sum rule in
condensed matter systems.
Performance evaluation of Saudi equity mutual funds: Fama decomposition model
Authors: Kumaraswamy Sumathi , Al Ezee Ibrahim
Published: November 2018

This paper is in pursuit of analyzing and elongating prior research on the performance evaluation of mutual funds by a comparative analysis with three categories of 82 Saudi equity funds during 2011 to 2016 using Fama’s decomposition model. The paper also made an attempt to explore the relationship with the risk reward ratio to the relative performance measure in predicting the future performance of the Saudi equity fund returns. The empirical results show that Saudi local equity funds perform better followed by Arabian and international/global equity funds in terms of expected signs and diagnostic tests.
En contra del financiamiento privado
Authors: Cárdenas Gracia Jaime
Published: November 2018

 

 

 El artículo expone las propuestas para reducir o eliminar el financiamiento público a los partidos políticos en México. Se decanta por su reducción pero no por su eliminación. Lo que propone es la derogación del financiamiento privado por dos razones: 1) Es un financiamiento que hace dependientes a los electos de los poderes económicos y mediáticos; y, 2) Es un mecanismo que promueve la corrupción política.
LOS MECANISMOS DEMOCRÁTICOS EN LAS CONSTITUCIONES DE AMÉRICA LATINA
Authors: Castro Rivera Edwin Ramón
Published: November 2018

La democracia representativa ha experimentado cambios im- portantes en cuanto a su concepción, sujetos, alcance y límites; en las últimas décadas del siglo pasado se hizo evidente una suerte de crisis de los sistemas democráticos representativos, dando lugar al surgimiento de mecanismos de democracia directa y mecanismos de democracia par- ticipativa, especialmente en el constitucionalismo latinoamericano. En diecinueve constituciones latinoamericanas encontramos mecanismos de democracia directa que van, desde los tradicionales plebiscitos y re- feréndum, hasta novedosas e innovadoras formas participativas, tales como, revocación de mandato de los elegidos popularmente, iniciativa legislativa popular, control social del Estado, Planificación y Elaboración de Políticas Públicas con participación vinculante.
DEMOCRACIA, PLURALISMO POLÍTICO Y PARTIDOS POLÍTICOS
Authors: Cordón Aguilar Julio Cesar
Published: November 2018

El pluralismo político, sustentado en la libertad de expresarse y asociarse en función de una específica posición política, determina un concepto inherente a la democracia. Solo un sistema democrático ofre- ce condiciones para expresar y defender distintas y antagónicas líneas de pensamiento, todas amparadas por el respeto y tolerancia que afirma la legitimidad y validez de cada opción política. Los partidos políticos son expresión del pluralismo político, en tanto defienden, articulan y re- presentan intereses, posiciones y propuestas de distintos grupos socia- les, quienes ven en estos vehículos útiles que permiten su participación, libre y en igualdad de condiciones, en democracia. El pluralismo políti- co, como valor de la democracia, se refleja en la libertad de formación y funcionamiento de organizaciones políticas, así como en la libertad de afiliación de los ciudadanos.
Criminalidad económica y ambiental. Financiación ilegal de los partidos políticos en España
Authors: Giner Alegría César Augusto
Published: November 2018

España se constituye en un Estado social y democrático de Derecho, que propugna como valores superiores de su ordenamiento jurídico la libertad, la justicia, la igualdad y el pluralismo político. Los partidos políticos son asociaciones privadas que cumplen una función pública trascendental en nuestro sistema democrático al ser instrumentos de representación política y de formación de la voluntad popular. Como partícipes en la estructura del propio Estado, los partidos políticos han de ser y son, sujetos de control respecto de su actividad económico-financiera.
El juez electoral como juez constitucional
Authors: Hernández Cruz Armando
Published: November 2018

En el presente trabajo se expondrá por qué los controles de constitucionalidad que ejercen los tribunales electorales son también las bases para reconocer su carácter de constitucional. Igualmente, se presentan ideas en torno a la materia de la jurisdicción electoral, desde el por qué esta es una garantía de protección de los derechos político-electorales hasta los avances que en materia de protección constitucional ha tenido el Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación y, por supuesto, la justificación de los jueces electorales como jueces constitucionales. Finalmente, se esbozan criterios dogmáticos y normativos sobre el carácter constitucional del Tribunal Electoral de la Ciudad de México con la finalidad de enfatizar su carácter de guardián constitucional en la materia electoral en la Ciudad de México.
Reformas en el régimen electoral de Chile: un régimen en tensión
Authors: Moraga Klenner Claudio
Published: November 2018

El presente artículo aborda como punto de partida a la Constitución chilena de 1980, vigente durante el régimen autoritario de Augusto Pinochet y que tras la reforma de 1989 permitió el restablecimiento de la democracia, no sin antes garantizar inmunidad a quienes dejaban el poder. El sistema electoral dejó de garantizar en ese momento la forma en que se ejerce y financia la política en Chile, pues se interesaron en no perder representación política, esto, mediante reformas electorales que paulatinamente aumentan en número.
El sistema electoral en México 1823-1824
Authors: Moranchel Pocaterra Mariana
Published: November 2018

En este año se llevará a cabo en México el Proceso Electoral Federal de 2018, en el que se elegirán, entre otros cargos públicos, los diputados federales que integrarán, junto con los senadores, el Congreso de la Unión. Con la intención de ofrecer una panorámica de la forma en la que el Estado mexicano inició su andadura democrática, el presente estudio analiza, por un lado, el sistema electoral utilizado para la designación de los diputados que integraron el Segundo Congreso Constituyente, y por el otro, la forma en que estos constituyentes diseñaron el sistema electoral para la elección de los diputados y senadores del primer Congreso General surgido de la Constitución Federal Mexicana de 1824.
DEMOCRACIA, ELECCIONES Y FUNCIÓN ELECTORAL
Authors: Pérez Corti José M.
Published: November 2018

Comenzaremos por la democracia clásica u occidental, que en definitiva consiste en el reconocimiento formal e institucionalizado de que la autoridad de los gobernantes deriva del derecho del pueblo a regirse por sí mismo, fundada en el principio ‘un hombre, un voto’. Después arribamos a la democracia representativa, mediante la adopción del sufragio universal y la consecuente aparición de los partidos políticos. Ambas variantes democráticas, la clásica y la representativa, integran lo que se identifica como democracia mayoritaria, asentada en el ideal del autogobierno y privilegiando el procedimiento.
Los partidos políticos y sus funciones constitucionales
Authors: Ruiz López Francisca
Published: November 2018

Con la conquista por el Estado democrático del sufragio universal nadie discute que las elecciones libres, periódicas y competitivas son el instrumento necesario para la representación y la legitimidad democrática de la acción política. De tal manera que partidos y elecciones caminan juntos en los sistemas democráticos y ello es aplicable a nuestro modelo constitucional. Preceptos que ponen de manifiesto esa interacción recíproca de partidos y elecciones. Diversas crisis institucionales afectan las democracias y es necesario analizar alguno de estos aspectos para así ver qué alternativas pueden articularse desde una perspectiva jurídica y constitucional.
Nuevos ejes para entender el financiamiento de partidos y campañas
Authors: Tortolero Cervantes Francisco
Published: November 2018

¿Es mejor el financiamiento público o el privado? ¿Es preferible regular o dejar que las diferencias sean resueltas por una lógica de mercado? ¿Financiar las campañas, o sólo a las estructuras partidistas? ¿Atacar la bolsa (es decir, toparla, controlarla) o dejar que la tendencia al incremento de los gastos en partidos y campañas sea visto como efecto natural de la competencia política? Estas preguntas, situadas en el contexto actual del uso de nuevas herramientas tecnológicas por parte de los partidos y sus candidatos, van a guiar el desarrollo del presente trabajo hacia la búsqueda de nuevos esquemas, o al menos de algunos ajustes que parecen necesarios para seguirle dando coherencia a los viejos sistemas de partidos.
Análisis del siglo liberal: inicios de la república en Colombia (período de la independencia Siglo XIX)
Authors: Arboleda Ramírez Paulo Bernardo
Published: November 2018

En el presente artículo se identifican las causas de la independencia de Colombia para comprender con rigurosidad los orígenes del Estado-Nación a partir del estudio de los antecedentes coloniales. Así pues, se analiza los inicios de la república en Colombia desde el movimiento de la independencia hasta el año de 1816, en donde termina el período denominado de la  “Patria Boba”. Este estudio iushistórico se realiza mediante la comprensión de tres variables implícitas en su desarrollo. Las variables son las siguientes: Las fuentes normativas, la cultura jurídica y la historia política. De esta manera, el objetivo general se orienta a identificar las características de la cultura jurídico-política que se gestaron durante los inicios de la República durante el siglo XIX a partir del proceso de independencia del Virreinato de la Nueva Granada y de la “Patria Boba”. Para el desarrollo del trabajo se aplicó el método descriptivo, complementado con un estudio sistémico de la historia del derecho que comporta una historia del texto, es decir, una búsqueda de la “realidad” que se encuentra en los libros de la época y en los archivos históricos.
También Hay Niños Refugiados en México: ¿Por qué no Proteger sus Derechos?
Authors: Rea Granados Sergio Alejandro
Published: November 2018

Este artículo tiene la finalidad de estudiar la situación actual de los niños, niñas y adolescentes refugiados que se encuentran o transitan por territorio mexicano y que enfrentan diferentes problemas para proteger, garantizar y ejercer sus derechos humanos. En particular, cuando las políticas actuales de los Estados Unidos de América se han centrado sobre temas de seguridad que la protección y respeto de los derechos humanos a favor de las personas refugiadas, en particular de los niños, niñas y adolescentes. Debido ello, México tiene un gran desafío de proteger internacionalmente a este grupo poblacional.
El alcance extraterritorial del Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos: análisis del caso Bankovic
Authors: Añaños Karen G.
Published: November 2018

El alcance extraterritorial del Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos es una temática de actualidad y de gran trascendencia, no obstante presenta algunas posiciones encontradas y polémicas respecto a la posición renuente del Tribunal Europeo a reconocer una ampliación de los límites territoriales del citado convenio. El presente artículo analiza la sentencia Bankovic del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, en relación al alcance extraterritorial del Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos. Para ello, se aborda una serie de sentencias emitidas por el Tribunal Europeo antes y después del caso Bankovic, que nos va permitir esclarecer la real dimensión del artículo 1 del Convenio Europeo. Todos estos antecedentes van a evidenciar que se está gestando al interior del Tribunal Europeo la base jurisprudencial de gran relevancia sobre la aplicación extraterritorial del Convenio Europeo, la cual se espera que se proyecte e instaure, a fin de aplicarse tanto en tiempos de paz como de guerra, repercutiendo a favor de todas las personas.
Los actos ilícitos en el Código civil cubano
Authors: Delgado Vergara Teresa
Published: November 2018

La responsabilidad civil es delineada en el Código civil cubano a partir de la regulación de la figura del acto ilícito, de cuya conceptualización emana el debate acerca de la postura que sigue el autor de la norma en cuanto a si se adhiere al paradigma objetivo o subjetivo. La interpretación del adverbio ilícitamente como elemento de la definición legal es esencial a los fines de encaminar el análisis, partiendo siempre de los fundamentos teóricos de la institución en estudio, desde sus orígenes en el Derecho Romano.
Entre culpa y castigo. Alf Ross y el concepto de responsabilidad
Authors: Figueroa Rubio Sebastian
Published: November 2018

En este texto se presenta brevemente el concepto de responsabilidad en la forma en que Alf Ross lo entendió. Para ello, en primer lugar, se contextualiza un análisis dentro de los problemas que surgieron al momento de dar cuenta de los conceptos jurídicos fundamentales dentro de la filosofía del derecho del siglo veinte y, en segundo lugar, se muestran las propuestas de Ross para evitar dichos problemas. Por último, se analiza la forma en que dichas propuestas influyeron en su comprensión de la responsabilidad.

 
Derechos Humanos, Políticas Públicas y Migraciones: aproximación al caso Colombiano
Authors: Pérez Bohórquez Ana Carolina
Published: November 2018

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión sobre los lineamientos que se desprenden de los tratados internacionales tanto del ámbito Universal como regional sobre migraciones desde un énfoque de derechos humanos, para lo cual: (i) Se analizan los tratados internacionales universales en materia de derechos humanos y los relativos a migraciones de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo para determinar las obligaciones que en dicha materia han adquirido los Estados Parte, ii) Se indaga sobre los tratados internacionales en el ámbito regional para determinar las directrices y los acuerdos a los que han llegado los Estados Parte en materia de migraciones con enfoque de derechos humanos, y iii) Se revisa la legislación y políticas públicas de Colombia en materia de migraciones en el desarrollo y cumplimiento de obligaciones internacionales.