bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations Between the Perceived Severity of the COVID-19 Pandemic, Cyberchondria, Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Lockdown Experience: Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: Han Lei , Zhan Yanru , Li Weizi , Xu Yuqing , Xu Yan , Zhao Jinzhe
Published: August 2021

Background

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused great panic among the public, with many people suffering from adverse stress reactions. To control the spread of the pandemic, governments in many countries have imposed lockdown policies. In this unique pandemic context, people can obtain information about pandemic dynamics on the internet. However, searching for health-related information on the internet frequently increases the possibility of individuals being troubled by the information that they find, and consequently, experiencing symptoms of cyberchondria.

Objective

We aimed to examine the relationships between people’s perceived severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and their depression, anxiety, and stress to explore the role of cyberchondria, which, in these relationship mechanisms, is closely related to using the internet. In addition, we also examined the moderating role of lockdown experiences.

Methods

In February 2020, a total of 486 participants were recruited through a web-based platform from areas in China with a large number of infections. We used questionnaires to measure participants’ perceived severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, to measure the severity of their cyberchondria, depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, and to assess their lockdown experiences. Confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory factor analysis, common method bias, descriptive statistical analysis, and correlation analysis were performed, and moderated mediation models were examined.

Results

There was a positive association between perceived severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and depression (β=0.36, t=8.51, P<.001), anxiety (β=0.41, t=9.84, P<.001), and stress (β=0.46, t=11.45, P<.001), which were mediated by cyberchondria (β=0.36, t=8.59, P<.001). The direct effects of perceived severity of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety (β=0.07, t=2.01, P=.045) and stress (β=0.09, t=2.75, P=.006) and the indirect effects of cyberchondria on depression (β=0.10, t=2.59, P=.009) and anxiety (β=0.10, t=2.50, P=.01) were moderated by lockdown experience.

Conclusions

The higher the perceived severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, the more serious individuals’ symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. In addition, the associations were partially mediated by cyberchondria. Individuals with higher perceived severity of the COVID-19 pandemic were more likely to develop cyberchondria, which aggravated individuals’ depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Negative lockdown experiences exacerbated the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on mental health.
Understanding Adolescent and Young Adult 6-Mercaptopurine Adherence and mHealth Engagement During Cancer Treatment: Protocol for Ecological Momentary Assessment
Authors: Psihogios Alexandra M , Rabbi Mashfiqui , Ahmed Annisa , McKelvey Elise R , Li Yimei , Laurenceau Jean-Philippe , Hunger Stephen P , Fleisher Linda , Pai Ahna LH , Schwartz Lisa A , Murphy Susan A , Barakat Lamia P
Published: August 2021

Background

Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer demonstrate suboptimal oral chemotherapy adherence, increasing their risk of cancer relapse. It is unclear how everyday time-varying contextual factors (eg, mood) affect their adherence, stalling the development of personalized mobile health (mHealth) interventions. Poor engagement is also a challenge across mHealth trials; an effective adherence intervention must be engaging to promote uptake.

Objective

This protocol aims to determine the temporal associations between daily contextual factors and 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) adherence and explore the proximal impact of various engagement strategies on ecological momentary assessment survey completion.

Methods

At the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, AYAs with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoma who are prescribed prolonged maintenance chemotherapy that includes daily oral 6-MP are eligible, along with their matched caregivers. Participants will use an ecological momentary assessment app called ADAPTS (Adherence Assessments and Personalized Timely Support)—a version of an open-source app that was modified for AYAs with cancer through a user-centered process—and complete surveys in bursts over 6 months. Theory-informed engagement strategies will be microrandomized to estimate the causal effects on proximal survey completion.

Results

With funding from the National Cancer Institute and institutional review board approval, of the proposed 30 AYA-caregiver dyads, 60% (18/30) have been enrolled; of the 18 enrolled, 15 (83%) have completed the study so far.

Conclusions

This protocol represents an important first step toward prescreening tailoring variables and engagement components for a just-in-time adaptive intervention designed to promote both 6-MP adherence and mHealth engagement.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/32789
Perceptions of Social Media Use to Augment Health Care Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Cystic Fibrosis: Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Perkins Ryan C , Gross Rachel , Regan Kayla , Bishay Lara , Sawicki Gregory S
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

For individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), adolescence and young adulthood are times of significant vulnerability and have been associated with clinical and psychosocial challenges. Social media may offer innovative care delivery solutions to address these challenges.

OBJECTIVE

This study explored motivations and attitudes regarding current social media use and preferences for a social media platform in a sample of adolescents and young adults (AYA) with CF.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey was administered to 50 AYA with CF followed at a large pediatric-adult CF center. The survey included questions regarding social media platform utilization, attitudes toward general and CF-specific online activities, and preferences for a CF-specific care delivery platform.

RESULTS

YouTube, Snapchat, and Instagram were the most commonly used social media platforms. AYA with CF do not report routinely using social media for health-related information acquisition, social support, or help with adherence. However, their perceptions of social media utilization and preferences for platform development suggest interest in doing so in the future.

CONCLUSIONS

AYA with CF use social media and expressed interest in the development of a social media platform. Platform development will allow for gaps in health care delivery to be addressed by improving social support and adherence while augmenting current methods of health information acquisition.
Effect of Preconception Care Intervention on Maternal Nutritional Status and Birth Outcome in a Low-Resource Setting: Proposal for a Nonrandomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Swain Dharitri , Begum Jasmina , Parida Swayam Prangnan
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

The provision of preconception care approaches such as maternal assessments and education on healthy lifestyle (including physical activity, nutrition, and dietary supplements such as folic acid), general and sexual health, avoidance of high-risk behavior, and immunizations has been shown to identify and reduce the risk of adverse birth outcomes through appropriate management and preventive measures.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of the study is to determine the effect of an integrated preconception care intervention on delivery outcomes, which is a novel challenge for lowering unfavorable birth outcomes in India’s low-resource setting. The main objectives are to investigate the relationship of birth outcomes to both maternal and paternal preconception health and determine the effect of preconception care intervention on improvement of maternal nutritional status and reduction of the risk of adverse birth outcomes such as prematurity, low birth weight, and maternal and neonatal complications.

METHODS

A nonrandomized controlled trial design will be used for comparing 2 groups: preconception care with a standard maternal health care (MHC) program and an integrated MHC program (without preconception care). Two rural field areas of Khordha district, Odisha, will be selected for conducting the study. The study will enroll 782 married women between the ages of 18 and 35 years with their spouses, with 391 women in each group. The couples will receive preconception care based on their health circumstances, and they will be followed up at 3-month intervals before pregnancy. Following pregnancy, they will be followed up for 8 prenatal monitoring and care visits as well as 6 weeks after delivery as part of the standard MCH program. The preconception care intervention package includes couples counseling, contraceptive education and distribution, sex education, lifestyle modification, and nutritional supplementation of iron and folic acid, along with multivitamins if needed.

RESULTS

The proposal was approved by the institutional ethical committee for conducting the study in June 2020 (Ref No: T/EMF/Nursing/20/6). Participants were enrolled in phase 1 in April 2021, phase 2 of offering preconception services will begin in August 2021, and study outcomes will be measured from 2023 to 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

Through preconception care and counseling, the eligible couples will recognize, embrace, and implement the actions to improve their preconception health. Finally, it is expected that maternal and paternal health will have a significant impact on enhancing maternal nutritional status and birth outcomes.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinical Trials Registry–India CTRI/2021/04/032836; http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?trialid=48239&EncHid=&userName=CTRI/2021/04/032836

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/28148
Kinesiotherapy With Exergaming as a Potential Modulator of Epigenetic Marks and Clinical Functional Variables of Older Women: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Henrique Patrícia Paula Bazzanello , Perez Fabrízzio Martin Pelle , Becker Osvaldo Henrique Cemin , Bellei Ericles Andrei , Biduski Daiana , Korb Arthiese , Pochmann Daniela , Dani Caroline , Elsner Viviane Rostirola , De Marchi Ana Carolina Bertoletti
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Kinesiotherapy is an option to mitigate worsening neuropsychomotor function due to human aging. Moreover, exergames are beneficial for the practice of physical therapy by older patients. Physical exercise interventions are known to alter the epigenome, but little is known about their association with exergames.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to evaluate the effects of kinesiotherapy with exergaming on older women’s epigenetic marks and cognitive ability, as well as on their clinical functional variables. Our hypothesis states that this kind of therapy can elicit equal or even better outcomes than conventional therapy.

METHODS

We will develop a virtual clinic exergame with 8 types of kinesiotherapy exercises. Afterward, we will conduct a 1:1 randomized clinical trial to compare the practice of kinesiotherapy with exergames (intervention group) against conventional kinesiotherapy (control group). A total of 24 older women will be enrolled for 1-hour sessions performed twice a week, for 6 weeks, totaling 12 sessions. We will assess outcomes using epigenetic blood tests, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test, the Timed Up and Go test, muscle strength grading in a hydraulic dynamometer, and the Game Experience Questionnaire at various stages.

RESULTS

The project was funded in October 2019. Game development took place in 2020. Patient recruitment and a clinical trial are planned for 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

Research on this topic is likely to significantly expand the understanding of kinesiotherapy and the impact of exergames. To the best of our knowledge, this may be one of the first studies exploring epigenetic outcomes of exergaming interventions.

CLINICALTRIAL

Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry/Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ReBEC) RBR-9tdrmw; https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-9tdrmw.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/32729
Social Media–Driven Routes to Positive Mental Health Among Youth: Qualitative Enquiry and Concept Mapping Study (Preprint)
Authors: Vaingankar Janhavi Ajit , van Dam Rob M , Samari Ellaisha , Chang Sherilyn , Seow Esmond , Chua Yi Chian , Luo Nan , Verma Swapna , Subramaniam Mythily
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Social media influence almost every aspect of our lives by facilitating instant many-to-many communication and self-expression. Recent research suggests strong negative and positive impacts of social media exposure on youth mental health; however, there has been more emphasis on harmful relationships.

OBJECTIVE

Given the limited research on the benefits of social media for mental health, this qualitative study explored the lived experiences of youth to understand how social media use can contribute to positive mental health among youth.

METHODS

Using an interpretivist epistemological approach, 25 semistructured interviews and 11 focus group discussions were conducted with male and female youth of different ethnicities (aged 15 to 24 years) residing in Singapore, who were recruited through purposive sampling from the community. We conducted inductive thematic analysis and concept mapping to address the research aims.

RESULTS

We found that youth engaged in a wide range of activities on social media from connecting with family and friends to participating in global movements, and these served as avenues for building positive mental health. Based on participants’ narratives, our analysis suggested that positive mental health among youth could be influenced by 3 features of social media consumption (connection with friends and their global community, engagement with social media content, and the value of social media as an outlet for expression). Through these, pathways leading to the following 5 positive mental health components were identified: (1) positive relationships and social capital, (2) self-concept, (3) coping, (4) happiness, and (5) other relevant aspects of mental health (for example, positivity and personal growth).

CONCLUSIONS

The study results highlight the integral role of social media in the lives of today’s youth and indicate that they can offer opportunities for positive influence, personal expression, and social support, thus contributing to positive mental health among youth. The findings of our research can be applied to optimize engagement with youth through social media and enhance the digital modes of mental health promotion.
Forced Labour and access to Education of Rohingya Refugee Children in Bangladesh: Beyond a Humanitarian Crisis
Authors: Hoque Md Mahmudul
Published: August 2021

Rohingya refugee children in Bangladesh are forced into labour inside and outside the camps for a range of reasons. The article explores the child labour situations inside and outside the camps and relates the issue with access to education for Rohingya children. Being informed by various perspectives concerning child labour and education in developing country context, this research work takes a qualitative approach to study the issue. After collecting data through a few qualitative methods including observations and semi-structured interviews, the researcher explores the issue with those informed perspectives. The study finds that lack of formal identity, lack access in the formal market, absence of social sanctions against child employment, lack of aspirations, household composition and poor living conditions are some of the key factors that force children to various forms of labour. The host community members employ Rohingya children as cheap labourers and domestic workers while undocumented children often become victims of bonded labour, sex trade and trafficking. Forced labour and lack of access to formal education have formed a humanitarian crisis in the largest refugee camp in Cox’s Bazar which demands support and actions from local and international agencies.
Cambio y crisis: el futuro en la enseñanza de la arquitectura
Authors: Contreras Padilla Alejandra
Published: August 2021

En Academia XXII nos planteamos una reflexión de los tres ámbitos sobre los que la formación profesional debe ser interpelada a través de sus prácticas: por un lado, las posturas conceptuales sobre el proyecto, el diseño, el habitar y lo arquitectónico como tema central de la enseñanza; por otro, las estrategias inter y transdisciplinares que ponen en evidencia la necesidad de repensar la formación disciplinar; y, finalmente, los aspectos metodológicos y didácticos que ponen en crisis los espacios y los modelos de enseñanza-aprendizaje —que aún enfatizan las dinámicas del taller y el simulacro de la práctica profesional como modelo de enseñanza—, como la educación a distancia como nuevo paradigma didáctico de la enseñanza.
Efecto de Carragenatos, Proteína Aislada de Soya y Carmín sobre las Propiedades Fisicoquímicas y Sensoriales de la Pechuga de Pollo Cocida Estándar
Authors:   Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado. Barquisimeto, Venezuela, García Oscar , Alvarado Rosmery ,   Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado. Barquisimeto, Venezuela, Acevedo Iria ,   Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado. Barquisimeto, Venezuela, Giménez López Bruno ,   Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Ica, Perú
Published: August 2021

La carne de pollo es reconocida a nivel mundial por sus beneficios a la salud y su bajo costo comparada con la de cerdo, ternera y cordero. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el nivel óptimo de carragenatos (0,5; 1,0 y 1,5 %), proteína aislada de soya (0, 1 y 2 %) y carmín (0; 0,1 y 0,2 %) para la elaboración de pechuga de pollo cocida estándar, generando un producto con aceptabilidad frente a marcas comerciales. Para ello, se establecieron 15 diferentes combinaciones según el diseño de superficie de respuesta de tipo Box-Behnken; el tamaño de cada unidad experimental fue de 400 g y se realizaron dos repeticiones por tratamiento, seguidamente a cada tratamiento, se le determinó la textura, color y actividad de agua. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron mediante un modelo lineal + interacción y se obtuvo la formulación óptima con una deseabilidad de 0,9239. Luego, se caracterizó químicamente el producto, obteniéndose una humedad de 78,67 %, proteína 15,18 %, grasa 0,55 % y cenizas 2,78 %. Adicionalmente, la formulación optimizada se caracterizó sensorialmente mediante comparación con dos marcas comerciales, usando los parámetros de color, olor, sabor, textura y aceptación, con una escala estructurada de 5 puntos. El producto optimizado se presenta como una alternativa confiable para los consumidores y la industria procesamiento de pollo, debido a que presenta alto contenido de proteínas, bajo de grasas, rico en minerales y no presentó sinéresis.
Diagnóstico y Cuantificación de Pérdidas en la Gestión Logística de Almacenamiento en la Comercialización de Productos Pesqueros
Authors:   Universidad de Sancti Spíritus “José Martí Pérez”, Cuba, Ulloa Zaila Alain , Castillo Jiménez Damaris Taydi ,   Universidad de Sancti Spíritus “José Martí Pérez”, Cuba, Rivadeneira Casanueva Dariel ,   Universidad de Sancti Spíritus “José Martí Pérez”, Cuba, de la Cruz Rivadeneira Orlando ,   Empresa Pesquera de Sancti Spíritus “PESCASPIR”, Cuba, Mederos Yumar Elonay Lizandy ,   Universidad de Sancti Spíritus “José Martí Pérez”, Cuba
Published: August 2021

La investigación se realizó en la unidad comercializadora de la empresa pesquera de Sancti Spíritus donde se identificaron limitaciones en la gestión de almacenamiento. Para resolver la problemática identificada, se planteó como objetivo implementar un procedimiento para el diagnóstico y cuantificación de pérdidas en la gestión logística de almacenamiento. El procedimiento diseñado contiene un conjunto de fases en las que se desarrollan diferentes métodos y técnicas como el método Delphi, lista de verificación, diagrama de flujo de proceso, análisis modal de fallos y efectos, gráficos de control, histograma y la función de pérdida de Taguchi. Como resultados se obtuvieron: los fallos que ocurren dentro de la cámara de frío con sus niveles de prioridad de riesgo; se determinó que la variable temperatura estaba fuera de los parámetros de control establecidos; se calculó la capacidad del proceso en la cámara de frío y se cuantificaron pérdidas económicas relacionadas con las ineficiencias en el almacenamiento. La investigación permitió detectar las principales causas que influyen en la improductiva gestión logística de almacenamiento de la organización, las pérdidas asociadas y se propusieron medidas para la solución de los problemas identificados.
Citizen-driven participatory research conducted through knowledge intermediary units. A thematic synthesis of the literature on “Science Shops”
Authors: Gresle Anne-Sophie , Urias Eduardo , Scandurra Rosario , Balázs Bálint , Jimeno Irene , de la Torre Ávila Leonardo , Pinazo Maria Jesus
Published: August 2021

A Science Shop acts as a mission-oriented intermediary unit between the scientific sphere and civil society organizations. It seeks to facilitate citizen-driven open science projects that respond to the needs of civil society organizations and which, typically, include students in the work process. We performed a thematic analysis of a systematically selected literature on Science Shops to understand how the scientific literature reflects the historical evolution of Science Shops in different settings and what factors the literature associates with the rise and fall of the Science Shop. We used the PRISMA methodology to search for scientific papers in indexed journals in eight databases published in English, French and Spanish, and employed the thematic theory approach to extract and systematize our results. Twenty-six scientific articles met the inclusion criteria. We identified three meta-categories and ten sub-topics which can serve as key pointers to guide the set-up and future work of Science Shops. Our results identify a major paradox: Science Shops incorporate public values in their scientific agendas but have difficulties sustaining themselves institutionally as they do not fit the current dominant research paradigm. Science shops represent a persuasive complementary approach to the way science is defined, executed and produced today.
Generalized probability rules from a timeless formulation of Wigner's friend scenarios
Authors: Baumann Veronika , Santo Flavio Del , Smith Alexander R. H. , Giacomini Flaminia , Castro-Ruiz Esteban , Brukner Caslav
Published: August 2021

The quantum measurement problem can be regarded as the tension between the two alternative dynamics prescribed by quantum mechanics: the unitary evolution of the wave function and the state-update rule (or "collapse") at the instant a measurement takes place. The notorious Wigner's friend gedankenexperiment constitutes the paradoxical scenario in which different observers (one of whom is observed by the other) describe one and the same interaction differently, one –the Friend– via state-update and the other –Wigner– unitarily. This can lead to Wigner and his friend assigning different probabilities to the outcome of the same subsequent measurement. In this paper, we apply the Page-Wootters mechanism (PWM) as a timeless description of Wigner's friend-like scenarios. We show that the standard rules to assign two-time conditional probabilities within the PWM need to be modified to deal with the Wigner's friend gedankenexperiment. We identify three main definitions of such modified rules to assign two-time conditional probabilities, all of which reduce to standard quantum theory for non-Wigner's friend scenarios. However, when applied to the Wigner's friend setup each rule assigns different conditional probabilities, potentially resolving the probability-assignment paradox in a different manner. Moreover, one rule imposes strict limits on when a joint probability distribution for the measurement outcomes of Wigner and his Friend is well-defined, which single out those cases where Wigner's measurement does not disturb the Friend's memory and such a probability has an operational meaning in terms of collectible statistics. Interestingly, the same limits guarantee that said measurement outcomes fulfill the consistency condition of the consistent histories framework.
Food for everyone: differential feeding habits of cryptic bat species inferred from DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Andriollo Tommy , Michaux Johan , Ruedi Manuel
Published: August 2021

Ecological theory postulates that the niche of co-occurring species must
differ along some ecological dimensions in order to allow their stable
coexistence. Yet, many biological systems challenge this competitive
exclusion principle. For instance, insectivorous bats from the Northern
Hemisphere typically form local assemblages of multiple species sharing
highly similar functional traits and pertaining to identical feeding
guilds. Although their trophic niche can be accessed with unprecedented
details using genetic identification of prey, the underlying mechanisms
of resource partitioning remain vastly unexplored. Here, we studied the
differential diet of three phenotypically and phylogenetically
closely-related bat species of the genus Plecotus in an area of
sympatry and throughout their entire breeding season (April-October)
using DNA metabarcoding. Even at such a small geographic scale, we
identified strong seasonal and spatial variation of their trophic niche
at both intra- and inter-specific levels. Indeed, while the different
bats fed on a distinct array of prey during spring, they showed higher
niche overlap during summer and fall, when all three bat species
switched their hunting behavior to feed on few temporarily abundant
moths. Furthermore, by considering the ecological traits of prey
species, we inferred from the menu of each bat species that feeding
grounds and hunting techniques differed suggesting that niche
partitioning was primarily habitat-driven. As predicted by their
phylogenetic relationships, the two most-closely related bat species
exhibited the most distinct foraging habitat preferences, while the
third, more distantly-related species was more generalist. These results
highlight the need of extensive samples to fully understand species
coexistence.
Advanced Closed-Loop Control System Improves Postprandial Glycemic Control Compared With a Hybrid Closed-Loop System Following Unannounced Meal
Authors: Garcia-Tirado Jose , Diaz Jenny L. , Esquivel-Zuniga Rebeca , Koravi Chaitanya L.K. , Corbett John P. , Dawson Martha , Wakeman Christian , Barnett Charlotte L. , Oliveri Mary C. , Myers Helen , Krauthause Katie , Breton Marc D. , DeBoer Mark D.
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE

Meals are a major hurdle to glycemic control in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Our objective was to test a fully automated closed-loop control (CLC) system in the absence of announcement of carbohydrate ingestion among adolescents with T1D, who are known to commonly omit meal announcement.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Eighteen adolescents with T1D (age 15.6 ± 1.7 years; HbA1c 7.4 ± 1.5%; 9 females/9 males) participated in a randomized crossover clinical trial comparing our legacy hybrid CLC system (Unified Safety System Virginia [USS]-Virginia) with a novel fully automated CLC system (RocketAP) during two 46-h supervised admissions (each with one announced and one unannounced dinner), following 2 weeks of data collection. Primary outcome was the percentage time-in-range 70–180 mg/dL (TIR) following the unannounced meal, with secondary outcomes related to additional continuous glucose monitoring-based metrics.

RESULTS

Both TIR and time-in-tight-range 70–140 mg/dL (TTR) were significantly higher using RocketAP than using USS-Virginia during the 6 h following the unannounced meal (83% [interquartile range 64–93] vs. 53% [40–71]; P = 0.004 and 49% [41–59] vs. 27% [22–36]; P = 0.002, respectively), primarily driven by reduced time-above-range (TAR >180 mg/dL: 17% [1.3–34] vs. 47% [28–60]), with no increase in time-below-range (TBR <70 mg/dL: 0% median for both). RocketAP also improved control following the announced meal (mean difference TBR: −0.7%, TIR: +7%, TTR: +6%), overall (TIR: +5%, TAR: −5%, TTR: +8%), and overnight (TIR: +7%, TTR: +19%, TAR: −5%). RocketAP delivered less insulin overall (78 ± 23 units vs. 85 ± 20 units, P = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

A new fully automated CLC system with automatic prandial dosing was proven to be safe and feasible and outperformed our legacy USS-Virginia in an adolescent population with and without meal announcement.
Cardiovascular Outcomes Trials of Incretin-Based Therapies
Authors: Thethi Tina K. , Bilal Anika , Pratley Richard E.
Published: August 2021

The cardiovascular (CV) safety of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists has been established in robust cardiovascular outcomes trials (CVOTs) in patients with type 2 diabetes at high CV risk. The GLP-1 receptor agonists liraglutide, dulaglutide, and injectable semaglutide demonstrated a significant CV benefit in these trials and now have indications to reduce the risk of major adverse CV events, including CV death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in adult patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease or high CV risk (dulaglutide). The dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors have also demonstrated CV safety in dedicated CVOTs but have not been associated with any CV benefit. Guidelines for the treatment of type 2 diabetes have evolved from a glucocentric focus to one that now focuses on reducing overall CV risk by personalizing therapy and using drugs such as GLP-1 receptor agonists with proven CV benefits.
Cardioprotective Effects of Pioglitazone in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Tripathy Devjit , Solis-Herrera Carolina , Ryder Robert E.J.
Published: August 2021

Antidiabetic medications that improve glycemic control as well as cardiovascular outcomes will be the mainstay of treatment for type 2 diabetes moving forward. This article reviews the beneficial effects of the thiazolidinedione pioglitazone of ameliorating hyperglycemia and improving cardiovascular risk factors. While the newer sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist drug classes have confirmed cardiovascular benefits, pioglitazone also has been shown to reduce major adverse cardiovascular events, in both people with type 2 diabetes and nondiabetic subjects with insulin resistance. Adverse effects associated with pioglitazone can be mitigated by its use at a lower dose and in combination with antidiabetic agents from other drug classes.
The perspectives of risk management in the Greek tourism industry The case of the new services establishment
Authors: Spanaki Maria Zoi
Published: August 2021

This study aims to highlight the meaning of the risk management sector and the importance of recognizing it as an essential field for the global economy. This study highlights the necessity of a new services risk management model to be established in the Greek tourism industry. Through an analysis of innovation and its impacts on economic growth, the study confirms the importance of accepting new services as a beneficial challenge which will create a new perspective for the tourism industry. Taking into consideration the limited literature sources about the topic, the contribution of this research is reflected on the recommended alteration of risk management model steps to new service management model. The literature gap is proposed to be covered through an analysis of innovation processes and their correlation with the importance of establishing new services and products into Greek tourism.
Inusual presentación de Goodpasture, síndrome antifosfolípido y vasculitis ANCA positivo: Reporte de caso
Authors: Perdomo Teran Luis Manuel , Tatá Perdomo María , Toro Paredes Eduardo
Published: August 2021

-El síndrome de Goodpasture es una vasculitis poco frecuente y con alta mortalidad, que puede afectar tanto a capilares glomerulares como alveolares, en presencia de anticuerpos anti-MBG. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 51 años, que al examen físico se observó temperatura corporal de 39°C, disnea, crepitantes pulmonares y edema de miembros inferiores. Se solicitaron exámenes de laboratorio reportando anemia, proteinuria, hematuria,leucocituria y cilindruria. Al examen serológico, se presentó positividad para anticuerpos anti-MBG, ANCA, antifosfolípidos. Biopsia renal con cambios mesangiales, incremento difuso de matriz, fibrosis intersticial y atrofia multifocal de túbulos, más capilaritis en biopsia pulmonar. El paciente fue diagnosticado con síndrome de Goodpasture, asociado a síndrome Antifosfolípido y vasculitis ANCA. Los anticuerpos antifosfolípidos complican el pronóstico del síndrome de Goodpasture al causar trastornos trombofílicos. Por consiguiente, se inició el tratamiento con metilprednisolona, ciclofosfamida y tratamiento de mantenimiento con micofenolato mofetil + ácido acetilsalicílico, logrando revertir la curva de mortalidad y alcanzando remisión completa de la enfermedad.

-Palabras clave: Enfermedad por Anticuerpos Antimembrana Basal Glomerular, Glomerulonefritis, Vasculitis, Síndrome Antifosfolípido.
FACTORES PSICOSOCIALES ASOCIADOS AL SÍNDROME DE INTESTINO IRRITABLE EN ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA
Authors: Giménez Gómez Osmar Nicolás , Huang Liao Shirley Michelle
Published: August 2021

Objetivo general: Exponer la relación entre el Síndrome de Intestino Irritable y los factores psicosociales en estudiantes de Medicina.

Objetivos específicos: Establecer a través de los criterios Roma IV la proporción de estudiantes de Medicina con Síndrome de Intestino Irritable. Evaluar la de ansiedad y depresión mediante la escala de “Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale” (HADS). Identificar la edad, sexo y curso de la muestra.

Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional, transversal con componente analítico llevado a cabo mediante encuestas, previo consentimiento informado a estudiantes de Medicina del primer al quinto curso de la facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Itapúa.

Resultados: Población estudiada (n=160), la proporción de estudiantes con Sindrome de Intestino Irritable (SII) de acuerdo a los criterios Roma IV fue del 23,75% (n=38) y de estos, el 79% fueron mujeres y 21% hombres. La edad media fue de 22,8 +/- 1,92. En relación al subtipo de SII, el más frecuente fue con estreñimiento, correspondiente al 42%. Con respecto a los estudiantes con SII, la prevalencia de ansiedad fue de 71% (n=27) y depresión del 50% (n=19).

Conclusión: Se observó una asociación significativa del síndrome de intestino irritable, con trastornos de ansiedad y depresión. Es importante no ignorar su diagnóstico, debido a las posibles repercusiones negativas en el estudiante de Medicina con el fin de mejorar la calidad de vida de los mismos.
Functional-semantic field of quantity (number) in systematically different languages
Authors: Babali Aliyeva Gulchohra
Published: August 2021

This article studies the problem of the functional-semantic field of quantity (number) in systematically (structurally) different languages. The author analyses various language structures with the meaning of quantity obtained from 18 monolingual and bilingual dictionaries. The peculiarities of the functioning of these structures are recorded based on a continuous sampling from the literary and journalistic works of the English, American, Russian, and Japanese authors. The research considers the ontological category of quantity (number) conceptualizing in a language and being a language category of quantitativeness. The analysis is performed based onliterary and journalistic works, colloquial language. It is established that the category of quantity (number) is essential for all the languages studied. The grammatical category of number is represented through the opposition of singularity and plurality, duality. The functional-semantic field of quantity (number) is represented through four main parameters: composition, measurability, deviation, and state. The research results are that the author discovers that the functional-semantic field of quantity consists of two quantitative macrofields – definite and indefinite.
Diagnostics of methods development for eco-oriented life activity of an individual in the cultural landscape
Authors: Vinokurova Natalya Fedorovna , Zulkharnaeva Anastasia Vasilievna , Loshchilova Anna Aleksandrovna , Demidova Natalya Nikolaevna , Martilova Natalia Viktorovna
Published: August 2021

The article presents the author’s methodology for assessing eco-oriented vital students’ activities in the cultural landscape. The study aims to develop theoretical and methodological grounds for diagnosing the maturity of eco-oriented life activity methods in schoolchildren under the surrounding cultural landscape. The theoretical basis comprises the provisions of the integral situational approach, the theoretical aspects of the subject-subject type of eco-psychological interaction, the ideas of the pedagogical technology of culturally oriented critical situations. The diagnostic method assumes engaging schoolchildren in implementing an integral project that incorporates individual projects related to the continuity principle. They reflect a certain maturity level of environmentally oriented life individual’s activities in the cultural landscape. The levels are facilitated with a task system, and the task number determines the functional diagnosis comprehensiveness.
Applying fiber-optic system to control shaft torque
Authors: Bordyug Alexander Sergeevich
Published: August 2021

The article considers the procedure of torque control, which is very popular in a wide variety of industries with many design features. In marine power engineering the problems of determining the forces, torque on the shaft and power are solved by means of torsiometers with torque sensors. The most widely used torque sensors are of capacitive, induction, strain gauge and photoelectric types. It has been stated that there are limitations in the process of torque control due to the susceptibility of systems to the electromagnetic interference, lack of a high degree of protection for electrical equipment and necessary recalibration. Fiber optic systems have found application in torque measurement systems in the oil and gas and aerospace industries. The use of such systems on ships is more expensive in comparison with the technologies used today, for example, the systems based on strain gauges. It has been proposed to use an inexpensive optical measuring system based on the Pound-Drever-Hall technique with using a foil-clad strain gauge and an aluminum torsion rod. There has been illustrated the system of torque control, the phase graphs for the Fabry-Perot resonator and the graph of the resonator transmission spectrum are presented, the reflection coefficient value is given. A method for measuring the phase of a reflected beam from a Fabry-Perot resonator is being considered, the injection current of a laser is modulated by means of an electric oscillator to generate side stripes in the electric field of a laser beam. The carried out studies and calculations contribute to improving the reliability of the coastal power system; the possibility of their use in marine electrical systems has been proved.
Corporate Governance Characteristics and Financial Performance: Evidence from Islamic Banks in Malaysia
Authors:   Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Perak, Malaysia, Khamar Tazilah Mohd Danial Afiq , Majid Muhammad ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Segamat, Malaysia, Awee Azeyan ,   Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Perak, Malaysia, Lee Aik Keang Adam Arif ,   Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Perak, Malaysia
Published: August 2021

Corporate governance has been proven to be an effective mechanism in managing business operations that have major impact on the financial performance, increase investor confidence level and goodwill. Past studies have focused more towards the relationship between corporate governance and financial performance among various industries including financial services. However, limited studies explored in overseeing the performance of Islamic financial services in relation to the implementation of Shariah governance principles since 2010 which are fully governed by the Central Bank of Malaysia. Hence, this research aimed to investigate the relationship between corporate and Shariah governance characteristics (board size, board independence, CEO duality, size of the Shariah Committee and disclosure of the Sharia Committee Report) and bank performance (return on equity) among Islamic banks in Malaysia. A total of 16 Islamic banks listed in Bursa Malaysia were selected and data from the annual reports were collected and analysed from 2011 to 2018. This research shall provide greater insights to various stakeholders and shareholders as the potential investors. It gives better and clear understanding of the functions of both corporate and Shariah governance in enhancing the performance and operation activities of Islamic banks in Malaysia.
Evaluation of Country Bean Germplasm Collected from Patuakhali Region
Authors: Ratna M. , Kayum Md. Abdul , Ali Mohammad Zulficar
Published: August 2021

The experiment was conducted at Regional Horticulture Research Station, Lebukhali, Patuakhali and were evaluated the genotypic performance like yield and yield traits of seventeen (17) country bean genotypes collected from Patuakhali region. In this area, country bean yield is very low, that why we need to identify high yielding country bean genotypes in Patuakhali region. The experiment was laid out in an augmented block design. Seventeen country bean lines viz., LPPK001 to LPPK017 and four check variety viz., BARI Sheem-1, 6, 7 and IPSA Sheem-2 were used for this trial. A lot of variability was observed such as plant height, pod length, pod breadth, pod weight, No. of pod plant−1, yield plant−1, 100 seed weight and yield. The pod length ranged from 20.4-7.62 cm, pod breadth range from 4.83-1.41 cm and pod weight ranged from 13.28-5.08g. The longest pod (20.4 cm), maximum pod breadth (4.83cm) and the premier pod weight (13.28 gm) were found in BARI Sheem 6, LPPK012 and LPPK002 respectively. The highest yield (18.73 t/ha) obtained from the line LPPK016 and minimum in the line LPPK 003 (5.43 t/ha). Among the 17 tested lines and 4 checks; 15 were green in colour, and IPSA Sheem 2 was light green, LPPK011 was purple green and LPPK001 and LPPK014 were creamy- white in colour. The wide variations in phenotypic level among the genotypes LPPK001, LPPK005, LPPK015, LPPK016, and BARI Sheem 7 can be potentially used for more production in Patuakhali region, ultimately it will increase the farmers’ incomes level.
Analytical Model of an I-core Coil for Nondestructive Evaluation of a Conducting Cylinder below an Infinite Plane Conductor
Authors: Zhang Siquan
Published: August 2021

An analytical model for eddy current testing of an I-core coil located above a two-layer conductive material is presented. The upper layer is an infinite plane conductor, and the bottom layer is a conductive cylinder. The method of truncated region eigenfunction expansion (TREE) is used to solve this axisymmetric problem. First the magnetic vector potential of a filamentary coil coaxial with the I-core over the two-layer conductor is considered. Then the closed form expression for the impedance of the multi-turn coil with rectangular cross section is derived by using the principle of superposition from the filamentary coil field. For frequencies ranging from 0.1 kHz to 10 kHz, both the impedance changes of the I-core coil located above the infinite plane conductor without the conducting cylinder, and in the absence of the two-layer conductor are calculated using Mathematica, respectively. The influence of the conducting cylinder below the infinite plane conductor on the impedance change is analyzed. The analytical calculation results are verified by the finite element method and experiment, the results agree very well, which verifies the correctness of the analytical model.
True Cause for Multi-Layer Inductive Coils’ Sensitivity to Ambient Relative Humidity
Authors: Liu Ling-Xiang , Qian Zhong-Tai
Published: August 2021

For analyzing the properties of humidity-effect on the measurement of the inductance of multi-layer coils, a formula that establishes an approximate relationship between the coil’s inherent capacitance and interlayer parasitic capacitance has been derived. Such a derivation using the inductor’s equivalent circuit to include humidity effects clarifies the characterization of inductance, after more than half a century of neglect in the literature.
Adaptability in Environmental Policy at the Commune Level Carried Out in Poland Based on the Example of the Urban Plan of Adaptation to Climate Changes
Authors: Lisowska Alicja , Tiukało Andrzej
Published: August 2021

The effects of the observed climate changes constitute a real problem in the surrounding environment due to the scale and frequency of natural catastrophic events. This state of affairs prompts various types of entities, including institutions, to undertake adaptation measures as part of environmental policy, both at the international and local levels. In Poland, the entities responsible for the implementation of this policy at the local level are, inter alia, the voivodeship, the poviat and the commune authorities. The authors present the Urban Adaptation Plans (MPA for short) prepared in 44 Polish cities, which can be an example of a document where the main goal is to increase the adaptability of cities to a changing climate.

On the basis of the identified list of types of adaptation measures provided for in all prepared Urban Adaptation Plans, the pragmatic nature of the implemented adaptation measures has been demonstrated, which will not cause any changes to basic attributes of the social and ecological system of cities. Thus, 44 cities in Poland will manage the process of gradual adaptation up to 2024, i.e., until when the Urban Adaptation Plans will require updating.
International Political Authority: On the Meaning and Scope of a Justified Hierarchy in International Relations (Voelsen & Schettler, 2019)
Authors: Sybikowska Bogdana
Published: August 2021

This article is a review of a paper titled International political authority: on the meaning and scope of a justified hierarchy in international relations written by Daniel Voelsen and Leon Schettler. The growing power and authority of international organizations has been perceived by many as a sign of a new global order where the concept of sovereignty of the state is replaced with the constitutional principles of democracy, human rights and the rule of law. Recently, a tendency has been observed to consider international organizations as autonomous, legitimate institutions possessing political authority. However, it is rather challenging to find one and the complex understanding of political authority that encompasses all components that construct it. Voelsen and Schettler offer a detailed analysis of the concepts of international authority that are present in the literature and even criticize them. In this article, the conducted research is reviewed and scrutinized in detail.