bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breast Cancer Among Patients Below Age 40: Clinicopathological Features and Survival Results
Authors: YAVUZ BERRIN BENLI
Published: November 2020

Among young women breast cancer exhibits quite a heterogenous, quite agressive and complex biology. The purpose of this study is to describe clinicopathological features that affect survival ratio among breast cancer women below age-40. 803 patients having received adjuvant radiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized under two groups: age ≤ 40 and age > 40. Treatments and clinicopathological features were analyzed. 19.4% (156) of 803 patients were below age 40. In patient group below age 40, more neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) was administered compared to the patient group above age 40 (p= 0.007) and it was detected that there were higher incidences of stage 3 disease (p= 0.011), more advanced nodal disease (N2-3) (p= 0.046) and more metastasis (p< 0.001). In conducted multivariate analysis for all age groups presence of N2-3 disease (p= 0.011) and in below age-40 group being grad 3 (p= 0.025) was found to affect overall survival (OS) negatively. In disease free survival (DFS)-focused analysis; for all age groups, receiving NAC (p= 0.001), presence of N2-3 disease (p= 0.002) and being below age 40 were found to have a nega- tive effect; in below age-40 group presence of NAC (p= 0.013) and perineural invasion (p= 0.035); in above age-40 group receiving NAC (p= 0.023) and presence of N2-3 disease (p= 0.035) had a negative effect. Being below age 40 is an independent prognostic factor for DFS. It is suggested to conduct further studies on specific tumor biology to analyze the same group with respect to the characteristics of more aggressive tumors. Keywords: Breast cancer, Young age, Prognosis, Survival
Conservative Management of Cesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancy: A Case Series
Authors: Rai Sangeeta , Anu Vishakha , More Raghunath S
Published: November 2020

Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSEP) is on the rise with increasing rate of cesarean section and better diagnostic modalities. Therefore, prompt and correct diagnosis and decision about treatment modality are important to reduce mortality and morbidity. Expertise of both gynecologist and radiologist is needed. High index of suspicion should be kept in mind, and any delay in management can lead to detrimental consequences. Here is a case series of three cases with CSEP and their conservative line of management. Diagnosis was made through history, clinical examination, serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels, ultrasound and hysteroscopy, and confirmed with histopathology also. Methotrexate was the primary treating modality in all the three cases, and the future fertility was preserved. The follow-up was by serum β-hCG and ultrasound scans.

How to cite this article: Rai S, Anu V, More RS. Conservative Management of Cesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancy: A Case Series. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2020;12(3):192–195.
Efficacy and Safety of Desmopressin with Anticholinergics in Female Patients with Overactive Bladder
Authors: Qureshi Ambreen , Malik Sajad Ahmad , Ahmad Malik Suhail
Published: November 2020

Aims and objectives

The main aims and objectives of this study were to study efficacy, safety, and quality of life with combination anticholinergics and desmopressin compared to anticholinergics alone.

Materials and methods

A total of 92 patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 5 mg of solifenacin (group I) or 5 mg of solifenacin and 0.2 mg of desmopressin (group II) for 1 month. The patients were followed for 2 weeks to look for undesired side effect and then at 1 month with 3-day voiding diary. IIQ-7 questionnaire score was used to assess changes in voiding symptoms and quality of life.

Results

Out of 42 in group I and 50 in group II, one patient in group I and three patients in group II did not follow and were excluded from the study. Baseline parameters between the two groups were statistically similar. Posttreatment parameters such as mean number of voids in first 8 hours decrease from 5.53 to 3.48 in group I vs 5.7 to 2.13 in group II, p valve <0.01. The mean number of urgency episodes in first 8 hours in group I decreased from 4.23 to 3.11 vs 4.68 to 2.29 in group II, p valve <0.01. The mean number of nocturnal voids in group I decreased from 3.55 to 2.48 vs 3.35 to 1.34 in group II, p valve <0.01. The mean IIQ-7 score in group I decreased from 51.10 to 32.8 vs 54.63 to 18.82 in group II, p valve <0.01. Differences were statistically significant. There was statistically insignificant change in serum sodium level posttreatment between group I and group II.

Conclusion

Combination of desmopressin and anticholinergics was more effective and safe than anticholinergics alone in the treatment of female patients with overactive bladder. Therefore, desmopressin combined with anticholinergics could be considered feasible and safe method for relief of symptoms in female patients with overactive bladder. However, larger and long-term studies for proper evaluation are warranted.

How to cite this article

Qureshi A, Malik SA, Ahmad MS. Efficacy and Safety of Desmopressin with Anticholinergics in Female Patients with Overactive Bladder. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2020;12(3):178–181.
Reviving a Lost Art: Hot-water Irrigation Treatment for Intractable Epistaxis
Authors: Yeung Winnie , Judd Owen
Published: November 2020

Introduction

Epistaxis is a common presentation in ear, nose, and throat (ENT). Given its substantial healthcare burden and associated morbidity, much work has been done to ascertain optimal management. Established treatment modalities include cautery and intranasal packing. Here, we describe our experience of the long forgotten yet efficacious and cost-effective technique of hot-water irrigation in patients with epistaxis.

Materials and methods

Hot water is flushed briskly into the nasal cavity of an actively bleeding patient. Irrigation is continued until the water running out of the nose is clear.

Results

Intractable epistaxis has been successfully managed in two patients with elevated bleeding risk. Patient A presented with incidental thrombocytopenia. Patient B presented having been anticoagulated with low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Active epistaxis ceased with hot-water irrigation, and both patients were discharged with no further readmissions.

Discussion

We recommend that the lost art of hot-water irrigation is an additional safe and useful tool to combat the common presentation of epistaxis.

How to cite this article

Yeung W, Judd O. Reviving a Lost Art: Hot-water Irrigation Treatment for Intractable Epistaxis. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2019;12(1):1–2.
Intra-Cardiac Thrombus in COVID-19 pandemic – Case Series and Review
Authors: Jadhav Kartik Pandurang , Jariwala Pankaj
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Various publications have increasingly reported the development of the prothrombotic state and its consequences associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although the exact etiology is uncertain, various factors collectively increase the risk of thrombus formation in COVID-19 patients.

We present a case series of four patients with left ventricular (LV) thrombus formation along with simultaneous COVID-19 infection. All these patients had acute myocardial infarction with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between 35-45%. Among the series, two patients had favourable outcomes with complete resolution of LV thrombus, whereas the other two suffered cerebral embolization followed by mortality. This study looks in depth at all cases of intracardiac thrombi formation in patients with COVID-19 published worldwide.

n addition to the increased predisposition for venous/ arterial thrombosis, even a few cases of intra- cardiac thrombus have been reported. Systemic thrombolysis is an initial treatment of choice for the management of right cardiac thrombi with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in COVID-19. Right cardiac thrombi have better outcomes when compared to left cardiac thrombi.
Revision of Eulophia (Orchidaceae) in Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo
Authors: Ortúñez Emma , Gamarra Roberto , Gestal Sara , Hernando Álvaro , Galán Cela Pablo
Published: November 2020

Background and aims – The genus Eulophia (Orchidaceae) is revised for Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo. The aims are: to present a morphological characterization of the main vegetative and reproductive features of Eulophia to clarify the delimitation of the taxa within the genus in the studied countries; to provide an updated identification key and an updated checklist of the genus with nomenclatural data, distribution maps, ecological information, and preliminary conservation status. This revision may serve as a basis for future studies of the genus in other regions of Africa.Material and methods – Relevant material kept in BM, BR, FHI, HBG, K, MA, P, and WAG was examined, using standard practices of herbarium taxonomy. Vegetative and reproductive structures were analysed. MapMaker was used to produce the distribution maps.Key results – A total of 24 species are recognised in the study area. The variability of perennating organs, leaves, sepals and petals, lip (including ornamentation), spur, and anther cap are described and depicted, and were found to be informative for species recognition. A taxonomic treatment is given with an identification key, synonymy, distribution maps, preliminary conservation status, and specimen citations. Eulophia galeoloides is neotypified, E. brevipetala, E. leonensis, E. penduliflora, and Lissochilus elatus are lectotypified. According to our study, we consider E. parvula a synonym of E. pyrophila. E. sordida is considered as a doubtful species in the study area.
Editorial Ciências Médicas
Authors: Bettencourt Mateus Miguel
Published: November 2020

Editorial do Coeditor de Ciências Médicas, Prof. Doutor Miguel Bettencourt Mateus.
Editorial Ciências da Nutrição
Authors: Leal Sandra
Published: November 2020

Editorial da Coeditora de Ciências da Nutrição, Prof.ª Doutora Sandra Leal.
Group Cohesion and Application of Best Horticultural Farming Practices among Farmer Groups in Meru County, Kenya
Authors: Gikunda Rafael , Lawver David
Published: November 2020

This study illuminates the power of farmer groups as avenues for mobilizing farmers around a common objective, thus adds to the knowledge base of extension education.  A quantitative approach involving the use of a correlational research design was adopted to describe the association between group cohesion and application of BHFP. The target population was 1950 farmers from 35 farmer groups. Stratified random sampling was used to select a sample of 112 farmers from the population. Data were collected by use of a self-administered structured questionnaire developed by the researcher. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for data analysis, which involved both descriptive and inferential statistics. According to the results, most (70.5%) of thefarmers felt that the level of cohesion among members of their groups was very high. Pearson correlation test indicated that there was a weak negative significant correlation between group size and level of cohesion (r = -.27, N =112, p <.05) and a positive moderate significant correlation between group cohesion and application of BHFP (r =.39, N =112, p <.05). The level of application of BHFP was high with the majority of the farmers (75.9%) scoring between 71 and 75 out of 75 points. It was concluded that group cohesion is related to the application of BHFP. However, there is a need for the group managers to limit the group sizes to maintain a high level of cohesion, and sustain a conducive environment that triggers a team climate that supports the application of BHFP.
Evaluation of Arctic warming in mid-Pliocene climate simulations
Authors: de Nooijer Wesley , Zhang Qiong , Li Qiang , Zhang Qiang , Li Xiangyu , Zhang Zhongshi , Guo Chuncheng , Nisancioglu Kerim H. , Haywood Alan M. , Tindall Julia C. , Hunter Stephen J. , Dowsett Harry J. , Stepanek Christian , Lohmann Gerrit , Otto-Bliesner Bette L. , Feng Ran , Sohl Linda E. , Chandler Mark A. , Tan Ning , Contoux Camille , Ramstein Gilles , Baatsen Michiel L. J. , von der Heydt Anna S. , Chandan Deepak , Peltier W. Richard , Abe-Ouchi Ayako , Chan Wing-Le , Kamae Youichi , Brierley Chris M.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Palaeoclimate simulations improve our understanding of
the climate, inform us about the performance of climate models in a
different climate scenario, and help to identify robust features of the
climate system. Here, we analyse Arctic warming in an ensemble of 16
simulations of the mid-Pliocene Warm Period (mPWP), derived from the
Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2). The PlioMIP2 ensemble simulates Arctic (60–90∘ N) annual mean
surface air temperature (SAT) increases of 3.7 to 11.6 ∘C
compared to the pre-industrial period, with a multi-model mean (MMM) increase of
7.2 ∘C. The Arctic warming amplification ratio relative to global
SAT anomalies in the ensemble ranges from 1.8 to 3.1 (MMM is 2.3). Sea ice
extent anomalies range from −3.0 to -10.4×106 km2, with a MMM
anomaly of -5.6×106 km2, which constitutes a decrease of 53 %
compared to the pre-industrial period. The majority (11 out of 16) of models simulate
summer sea-ice-free conditions (≤1×106 km2) in their mPWP
simulation. The ensemble tends to underestimate SAT in the Arctic when
compared to available reconstructions, although the degree of underestimation
varies strongly between the simulations. The simulations with the highest
Arctic SAT anomalies tend to match the proxy dataset in its current form
better. The ensemble shows some agreement with reconstructions of sea ice,
particularly with regard to seasonal sea ice. Large uncertainties limit the
confidence that can be placed in the findings and the compatibility of the
different proxy datasets. We show that while reducing uncertainties in the
reconstructions could decrease the SAT data–model discord substantially,
further improvements are likely to be found in enhanced boundary conditions
or model physics. Lastly, we compare the Arctic warming in the mPWP to
projections of future Arctic warming and find that the PlioMIP2 ensemble
simulates greater Arctic amplification than CMIP5 future climate simulations
and an increase instead of a decrease in Atlantic Meridional Overturning
Circulation (AMOC) strength compared to
pre-industrial period. The results highlight the importance of slow feedbacks in
equilibrium climate simulations, and that caution must be taken when using
simulations of the mPWP as an analogue for future climate change.
Prioritising the sources of pollution in European cities: do air quality modelling applications provide consistent responses?
Authors: Degraeuwe Bart , Pisoni Enrico , Thunis Philippe
Published: November 2020

Abstract. To take decisions on how to improve air quality, it is
useful to perform a source allocation study that identifies the main sources
of pollution for the area of interest. Often source allocation is performed
with a chemical transport model (CTM) but unfortunately, even if accurate,
this technique is time consuming and complex. Comparing the results of
different CTMs to assess the uncertainty of source allocation results is
even more difficult. In this work, we compare the source allocation (for
PM2.5 yearly averages) in 150 major cities in Europe, based on the results
of two CTMs (CHIMERE and EMEP), approximated with the SHERPA (Screening for
High Emission Reduction Potential on Air) approach. Although contradictory
results occur in some cities, the source allocation results obtained with
the two SHERPA simplified models lead to similar results in most cases, even
though the two CTMs use different input data and configurations.
Projected changes in Rhine River flood seasonality under global
warming
Authors: Rottler Erwin , Bronstert Axel , Bürger Gerd , Rakovec Oldrich
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Climatic change alters the frequency and intensity of natural hazards. In order to assess potential future changes in flood seasonality in the Rhine River Basin, we analyse changes in streamflow, snowmelt, precipitation, and evapotranspiration at 1.5, 2.0 and 3.0 °C global warming levels. The mesoscale Hydrological Model (mHM) forced with an ensemble of climate projection scenarios (five general circulation models under three representative concentration pathways) is used to simulate the present and future climate conditions of both, pluvial and nival hydrological regimes. Our results indicate that the interplay between changes in snowmelt- and rainfall-driven runoff is crucial to understand changes in streamflow maxima in the Rhine River. Climate projections suggest that future changes in flood characteristics in the entire Rhine River are controlled by both, more intense precipitation events and diminishing snow packs. The nature of this interplay defines the type of change in runoff peaks. On the sub-basin level (the Moselle River), more intense rainfall during winter is mostly counterbalanced by reduced snowmelt contribution to the streamflow. In the High Rhine (gauge at Basel), the strongest increases in streamflow maxima show up during winter, when strong increases in liquid precipitation intensity encounter almost unchanged snowmelt-driven runoff. The analysis of snowmelt events suggests that at no point in time during the snowmelt season, a warming climate results in an increase in the risk of snowmelt-driven flooding. We do not find indications of a transient merging of pluvial and nival floods due to climate warming.
COLLABORATIVE TUTORING: A MULTI-TUTOR APPROACH
Authors: Ennaji M. , Boukachour H. , Machkour M. , Kabbadj Y.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. An Intelligent Tutorial System (ITS) is a learning computer environment. Many ITSs do not integrate human tutor since they are designed to use in autonomy by the learner. One of the reasons to increase the rate of desertion in a distance training framework compared to that of a face-to-face course is the absence of the human killer. Besides, the existing ITSs are dedicated to a single learning object based on domain-dependent modelling. Our contribution consists in proposing an ITS, independent of the learning domain, capable of initiating learning, of managing an articulation between machine tutoring and human tutoring (teaching and peers) to offer an individualized and personalized follow-up, and ensure certification of the learner’s assessment.
DEEP LEARNING-BASED RECONSTRUCTION OF SPATIOTEMPORALLY FUSED SATELLITE IMAGES FOR SMART AGRICULTURE APPLICATIONS IN A HETEROGENEOUS AGRICULTURAL REGION
Authors: Htitiou A. , Boudhar A. , Lebrini Y. , Benabdelouahab T.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Remote sensing offers spatially explicit and temporally continuous observational data of various land surface parameters such as vegetation index, land surface temperature, soil moisture, leaf area index, and evapotranspiration, which can be widely leveraged for various applications at different scales and contexts. One of the main applications is agricultural monitoring, where a smart system based on precision agriculture requires a set of satellite images with a high resolution, both in time and space to capture the phenological stages and fine spatial details, especially in landscapes with various spatial heterogeneity and temporal variation. These requirements sometimes cannot be provided by a single sensor due to the trade-off required between spatial and temporal resolutions and/or the influence of cloud cover. The data availability of new generation multispectral sensors of Landsat-8 (L8) and Sentinel-2 (S2) satellites offers unprecedented options for such applications. Given this, the current study aims to display how the synergistic use of these optical sensors can efficiently support such an application. Herein, this study proposes a deep learning spatiotemporal data fusion method to fill the need for predicting a dense time series of vegetation index with fine spatial resolution. The results show that the developed method creates more accurate fused NDVI time-series data that were able to derive phenological stages and characteristics in single-crop fields, while keeps more spatial details in such a heterogeneous landscape.
A STUDY OF SMART CAMPUS ENVIRONMENT AND ITS SECURITY ATTACKS
Authors: Ikrissi G. , Mazri T.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The smart campus is a sustainable and well-connected environment that aims to improve experience, efficiency and education. It uses a variety of interconnected components, smart applications and networked technologies to facilitate communication, make more efficient use of resources, improve performance, security and quality of campus services. However, as with many other smart environments, the smart campus is vulnerable to many security issues and threats that make it face many security-related challenges that limit its development. In our paper, we intend to provide an overview of smart campuses by highlighting the main applications and technologies used in this environment, presenting several vulnerabilities and susceptible attacks that affect data and information security in the smart campus. Moreover, we discuss the major challenges of smart campus and we conclude by overviewing some current security solutions to deal with campus security issues.
SECURITY STUDY OF ROUTING ATTACKS IN VEHICULAR AD-HOC NETWORKS (VANETS)
Authors: Khayati Y. , Mazri T.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a fast-growing and highly motivated area of research to provide Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) services to end-users; these services are also responsible for providing an efficient driving environment. in VANET networks, several routing protocols have been designed, but still networks are vulnerable to many threats in the presence of malicious nodes. Today, security is a major challenge in various VANET applications where a bad message can directly or indirectly affect human lives. In this paper, we examine some routing attacks such as Black hole & Wormhole attacks, as well as available solutions for such attacks in existing VANET protocols.
THE MOBILE SERIOUS GAME “EASY HTML”: SCENARIOS AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Meftah C. , Retbi A. , Bennani S. , Khalidi Idrissi M.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The principle of gamification is very simple: it is a matter of using the game or its principles to facilitate learning. In our case, we are talking about mobile serious games (MSG), and more specifically the creation of scenarios to succeed this MSG. We present you the vision of our Easy course pack. This pack consists of several MSGs. Easy html is one of them. Nevertheless, we present some ideas about the scenarios, personalities and emotions that have impacted the development of MSG Easy html. Especially the importance of the 1st scenario which reflects the image of the game vis-à-vis the learner, the location of the trainer who passes the information via MSG and the developer who must ensure the ergonomics of the game and the correct and implicit passage of the educational information. this study gives as result an MSG which treats and explains all the tags of the HMTL language and certifies the learner at the end of the course.
TREE INVENTORY REGISTRATION SYSTEM
Authors: Alpan K. , Sekeroglu B.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. As human life develops in all aspects, nature is damaged and faced with the threat of extinction. With the increasing population, cities are expanding. The importance given to greenery and the ecological system is very low in these cities and they look like a concrete forest. However, urban trees are the most important and dominant vegetation materials that make important contributions to the city and the city people in terms of ecology, social, cultural, economic and aesthetics. A tree inventory system that will be created using GIS technologies will be very helpful in terms of both protecting the trees and tracking the forestation. In Nicosia, the capital of Northern Cyprus, the importance of the trees in the city has started to reflect on public awareness. In this study, with the GIS study carried out on the pilot region selected in Nicosia, trees were registered by using a tree registration form and ArcMap and shown on the system according to their types. The tree information stored in the database together with the data collected in 9 categories will make it easier to track trees and prevent them from being cut down. In addition, in the study, it was explained how the system should be converted into a smart city application with use of mobile technology.
Horizontal axis wind turbine modelling and data analysis by multilinear regression
Authors: Tittus Paulaiyan , Diaz Paul Mary
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The modelling of each horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) differs due to variation in operating conditions, dynamic parameters, and components. Thus, the choice of profiles also varies for specific applications. So for the better choice of profiles, the wind turbine performance is analysed for different parameters and working conditions. The efficiency of HAWTs mainly depends on the blade, which in turn is related to the profile of the blade, blade orientation, and tip size. Hence, the main aim of the present work is to evaluate the performance of HAWTs for three different blade tip sizes and six different blade twist angles for three major NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics) airfoils. A statistical analysis is also carried out to find the influence of different performance parameters such as drag, lift, vorticity, and normal force. The static design parameters are considered based on the available literature. A three-bladed offshore HAWT is adopted as the research object in the study. Data visualization using star glyphs and sunray plots is performed, along with multilinear regression analysis. From the multilinear regression analysis and reliable empirical correlations, it is known that drag coefficient and lift coefficient parameters have less significance in contrast to the other parameters which have more significance in the regression model. The different results obtained in terms of parametric coefficients provide an effective way to generate appropriate airfoil profiles for given HAWTs. Thus, the study helps to achieve better turbine performance, and it serves as a benchmark for future studies on HAWTs.
Tectonic exhumation of the Central Alps recorded by detrital zircon in the Molasse Basin, Switzerland
Authors: Anfinson Owen A. , Stockli Daniel F. , Miller Joseph C. , Möller Andreas , Schlunegger Fritz
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Eocene to Miocene sedimentary strata of the Northern Alpine Molasse Basin in
Switzerland are well studied, yet they lack robust geochronologic and
geochemical analysis of detrital zircon for provenance tracing purposes.
Here, we present detrital zircon U–Pb ages coupled with rare-earth and trace
element geochemistry to provide insights into the sedimentary provenance and
to elucidate the tectonic activity of the central Alpine Orogen from the
late Eocene to mid Miocene. Between 35 and 22.5 ± 1 Ma, the detrital
zircon U–Pb age signatures are dominated by age groups of 300–370,
380–490, and 500–710 Ma, with minor Proterozoic age contributions. In
contrast, from 21 Ma to ∼ 13.5 Ma (youngest preserved
sediments), the detrital zircon U–Pb age signatures were dominated by a
252–300 Ma age group, with a secondary abundance of the 380–490 Ma age
group and only minor contributions of the 500–710 Ma age group. The
Eo-Oligocene provenance signatures are consistent with interpretations that
initial basin deposition primarily recorded unroofing of the Austroalpine
orogenic lid and lesser contributions from underlying Penninic units
(including the Lepontine dome), containing reworked detritus from Variscan,
Caledonian–Sardic, Cadomian, and Pan-African orogenic cycles. In contrast,
the dominant 252–300 Ma age group from early Miocene foreland deposits is
indicative of the exhumation of Variscan-aged crystalline rocks from the
Lepontine dome basement units. Noticeable is the lack of Alpine-aged
detrital zircon in all samples with the exception of one late Eocene sample,
which reflects Alpine volcanism linked to incipient continent–continent
collision. In addition, detrital zircon rare-earth and trace element data,
coupled with zircon morphology and U∕Th ratios, point to primarily igneous
and rare metamorphic sources. The observed switch from Austroalpine to Penninic detrital provenance in the
Molasse Basin at ∼ 21 Ma appears to mark the onset of
synorogenic extension of the Central Alps. Synorogenic extension
accommodated by the Simplon fault zone promoted updoming and exhumation the
Penninic crystalline core of the Alpine Orogen. The lack of Alpine detrital
zircon U–Pb ages in all Oligo-Miocene strata corroborate the interpretations
that between ∼ 25 and 15 Ma, the exposed bedrock in the
Lepontine dome comprised greenschist-facies rocks only, where temperatures
were too low for allowing zircon rims to grow, and that the Molasse Basin
drainage network did not access the prominent Alpine-age Periadriatic
intrusions located in the area surrounding the Periadriatic Line.
Motives for Entering and Staying in Youth Work
Authors: Schoch Juerg
Published: November 2020

Swiss workers' personal, altruistic, status, political, and religious motives for entering the field are examined and the results of a study to determine if those motives remained constant over time presented.
Recognizing the Future
Authors: Schneider-Muñoz Andrew
Published: November 2020

This article represents a new feature in The Journal where each volume will invite youth workers and their youth work professors to submit projects that are developed as a part of core child and youth care courses being offered in universities across the country. This article reports the pilot and exploratory research on trends in youth work and education conducted by ten students working towards their bachelor’s degree in applied development with a concentration in child and youth care work. Sixteen national leaders in youth work were interviewed, and data was analyzed by the faculty and students together to provide an apprenticeship in evidenced-based practice scholarship. Structured using pilot and exploratory qualitative procedures and techniques, this study reports on challenges for the future of the youth work profession, opportunities for change, and the potential role for youth work to ensure educational success and lifelong learning.
Workforce Crisis and Opportunity
Authors: Eckles Frank , Carraway-Wilson Cindy , Zwicky Debbie , Rybicki Madeleine , Stuart Carol , Curry Dale , Schneider-Muñoz Andy , Rodgers Tony , Carpenter-Williams Jean , Clark Pamela , Gaffley Michael
Published: November 2020

Child and youth care (CYC) practice significantly contributes to the well-being of children, youth, families, communities, and businesses in the United States. Research conducted over the past 15 years has documented systemic problems that limit the availability of a well-prepared, competent workforce to meet the needs of the rapidly expanding field of CYC. Recent practitioner-led efforts have focused on field building by defining the field of practice, describing the body of knowledge and skills, establishing professionally sanctioned ethics and practice standards, and implementing a national professional credentialing system. This article describes the current state of the field and proposes a vision of a national effort to unify professional development across the field, highlighting current trends, milestones, challenges, and priorities. The current evolution of the CYC profession holds great promise in creating a unified approach to workforce development that can significantly impact the emergence of a competent workforce.
You Are What You Do and Become What You’ve Done: The Role of Activity in Development of Self
Authors: VanderVen Karen
Published: November 2020

The usefulness of professional knowledge is often judged by its ability to bring subjective experience into a comprehensive theoretical framework. In this article, the author uses the broad and rapidly developing parameters of modern systems theory to examine the relationships between “doing” and “being.”
Trauma-Responsive Engagement and Treatment (TREAT)
Authors: Tomassone Joseph
Published: November 2020

This article will outline a conceptual framework for Trauma-Responsive Engagement and Treatment (TREAT), which can be implemented as a model for organizational and programmatic transformation in a juvenile justice system. The proposed TREAT framework is designed to create juvenile justice programming that is not only trauma-informed, but is actually trauma-responsive with respect to all of the members of its community. That is, TREAT staff identify and respond to the outcomes of traumatic experiences in order to help people recover. They work to increase emotional and behavioral self-regulation of participants and help them to achieve self-identified goals. The article will discuss the evolution of this model in the context of recent and historical forces that have fueled juvenile justice reform efforts nationwide. The article will also describe how systemic changes in reaction to those forces should include a clear understanding of, and response to, the impacts of trauma on youth, staff, and systems, and will emphasize that true systemic transformation requires a model which engages, motivates, and benefits all members of a juvenile justice service delivery system—staff and youth alike.
Persona Cooperativa en un contexto de transformación educativa y social
Authors: Azkarate-Iturbe Oxel , Vitoria Gallastegui Jose Ramón , Aritzeta Galan Aitor , Galletebeitia Gabiola Iban
Published: November 2020

El objetivo del presente artículo es definir y caracterizar el perfil de la denominada “Persona Cooperativa” (PC) dentro de las instituciones educativas, facultades universitarias y empresas vinculadas al ámbito educativo cooperativo y dentro del ecosistema cooperativista del País Vasco. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se realizó una investigación cualitativa mediante el método de la Teoría Fundamentada. Después de constatar que el concepto PC a analizar no es nuevo, la revisión bibliográfica realizada en las principales bases de datos (WOS, Scopus…) no ha aportado una clara definición ni caracterización del perfil. De este modo, se llevaron a cabo 4 entrevistas semiestructuradas, observaciones panorámicas no participantes (14 sesiones, 30 profesionales) y análisis de documentos internos en 3 de las organizaciones participantes en el estudio. El análisis y la triangulación de datos se ha efectuado mediante el método comparativo constante hasta lograr la saturación teórica. El trabajo de investigación ha permitido, por un lado, situar los valores y actitudes individuales, cooperativos y comunitarios como Categoría Central y, por otro, clasificarlo en tres categorías conceptuales principales: ser autosuficiente, ejercer la cooperación y ser emprendedora socio-comunitaria. Entendemos que este trabajo puede contribuir a establecer las bases para el desarrollo del perfil de PC y su evaluación con la implementación de programas educativos asociados a las dimensiones personales, relacionales y socio-comunitarios que lo definen.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Lee Jean
Published: November 2020

Business Management and Strategy (BMS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether BMS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 2Ansar Abbas, Banking Officer, Muslim Commercial Bank Pakistan, PakistanChaminda Prasanna Karunarathne, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Sri LankaEddie John Paul Fisher, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba, United KingdomPaulo Gonçalves Pinheiro, Beira Interior University, PortugueseShalini Sahni, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, IndiaSulaiman Sheik Abdullah, PASUMPON MUTHURAMALINGA THEVAR COLLEGE, IndiaVenugopal Gubbi, RV Institute Of Management, India Jean LeeBusiness Management and StrategyMacrothink Institute*************************************Add: 5348 Vegas Dr.#825Las Vegas, Nevada 89108United StatesTel: 1-702-953-1852 ext.508Fax: 1-702-420-2900E-mail1: bms@macrothink.orgE-mail2: bms@macrothink.comWebsite: http://bms.macrothink.org
Recomendaciones para la atención fonoaudiológica en las áreas de audiología y otoneurología en contexto COVID-19: Una revisión narrativa
Authors: Morris Anna María , Oyarzún Patricia , Rivera Sebastián
Published: November 2020

La pandemia por el virus SARS-CoV-2 causante de la enfermedad COVID-19 se ha expandido rápidamente a nivel mundial. Las autoridades de salud pública han recomendado limitar las prestaciones de salud no esenciales, buscando el equilibrio entre el riesgo del retraso en el tratamiento y la potencial exposición al virus. En la mayoría de las prestaciones en las áreas de audiología y otoneurología no es posible cumplir con el distanciamiento físico recomendado y la duración de la atención puede superar los 45 minutos, factores que aumentan el riesgo de contagio para el profesional. El objetivo de la presente revisión es describir la evidencia actual sobre las recomendaciones de atención para las áreas de audiología y otoneurología en contexto COVID-19. Además de la búsqueda de artículos científicos en diversas bases de datos, se revisaron las recomendaciones emitidas por las principales asociaciones en el área. La información obtenida se organizó considerando cuatro aspectos clínicos relevantes: prestaciones, procedimientos, elementos de protección personal y limpieza de equipamiento e insumos. La evidencia científica y las sugerencias de las asociaciones están en constante actualización y algunos temas se han desarrollado escasamente. Sin embargo, las recomendaciones coinciden en priorizar la atención a distancia, extremar el uso de elementos de protección personal, implementar protocolos de higiene de manos y limpieza de equipos e insumos. También, se sugiere incorporar estrategias de comunicación alternativas al lenguaje oral con las personas con hipoacusia para facilitar la discriminación de la palabra.
Consideraciones clínicas para fonoaudiólogos en el tratamiento de personas con COVID-19 y traqueostomía. Parte I: Deglución
Authors: Tobar-Fredes Rodrigo , Briceño Meneses Belén , Fuentealba Miranda Inés , Orellana Villouta Marisis , Venegas-Mahn Macarena , Pavez Reyes Axel , Vásquez Lara Pablo , Wang Ying , González Varas Ariela , Salgado Maldonado Gabriel , Saa-Barra Nelson , Zúñiga Reyes Javiera , Gutiérrez Cifuentes Edison , Vera-González Rocío , Salazar Barra Felipe , Jiménez Rojas Felipe , Opazo-García Pilar , Heusser Sagredo Pamela
Published: November 2020

A la fecha de redacción de este artículo, más de 500 mil personas han sido afectadas por el virus SARS-CoV-2 en Chile, manifestando diferentes grados de la enfermedad COVID-19. Aquellas que sobrellevan condiciones más severas generan una condición que requiere soporte ventilatorio invasivo y tratamiento en unidades de cuidados intensivos, que de prolongarse en el tiempo deriva en la necesidad de una traqueostomía. A pesar de los beneficios que posee esta en la recuperación de personas con dificultades respiratorias, su implementación se asocia a alteraciones deglutorias que se suman a las generadas por COVID-19. Condición que supone un desafío para los/as fonoaudiólogos/as, quienes están expuestos/as al virus debido a su proceder en estructuras del tracto aerodigestivo y la realización de procedimientos potencialmente generadores de aerosol. El objetivo de este artículo es entregar orientaciones y herramientas clínicas para la intervención en la deglución de personas con traqueostomía y COVID-19. Estas emanan de un análisis pragmático de la evidencia disponible a la fecha, interpretadas bajo nuestra experiencia de atender a más de 561 personas con dicha condición. Se espera contribuir a la rehabilitación de la deglución en personas con COVID-19 y traqueostomía. Para ello se expone sobre las características de la deglución en esta población, su tratamiento, consideraciones para el uso de técnicas específicas, y orientaciones para la mejora de la calidad de vida mediante la mantención y/o recuperación de la funcionalidad deglutoria. Siempre bajo un esquema centrado en el cuidado y protección de las personas hospitalizadas y el equipo de salud.
Consideraciones clínicas para fonoaudiólogos en el tratamiento de personas con COVID-19 y traqueostomía. Parte II: Mejorando la fonación para facilitar la comunicación
Authors: Tobar-Fredes Rodrigo , Briceño Meneses Belén , Venegas-Mahn Macarena , Orellana Villouta Marisis , Fuentealba Miranda Inés , Pavez Reyes Axel , González Varas Ariela , Wang Ying , Vera-González Rocío , Vásquez Lara Pablo , Saá-Barra Nelson , Zúñiga Reyes Javiera , Salgado Maldonado Gabriel , Salazar Barra Felipe , Jiménez Rojas Felipe , Opazo-García Pilar , Gutiérrez Cifuentes Edison , Heusser Sagredo Pamela
Published: November 2020

La enfermedad COVID-19 fue declarada pandemia por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Su presentación más severa genera una condición que requiere tratamiento en unidades de cuidados intensivos, condición que al prolongarse en el tiempo requiere la implementación de una traqueostomía para facilitar la entrega de soporte ventilatorio invasivo. Si bien este dispositivo posee importantes ventajas que favorecen la recuperación y rehabilitación, también es cierto que genera diversas complicaciones en la comunicación de las personas, condición que se suma a los efectos propios del COVID-19 y la frecuente historia de intubación endotraqueal previa. El objetivo de este artículo es proveer orientaciones y herramientas clínicas para el tratamiento de la fonación para la comunicación en personas con traqueostomía y COVID-19. Se considera para ello las recomendaciones de la literatura existentes a la fecha, bajo un análisis pragmático y basado en nuestra experiencia de atender a más de 561 personas con esta condición. Se exponen las características de la comunicación en esta población, su tratamiento, consideraciones para el uso de técnicas específicas y orientaciones para la mejora de la calidad de vida. Siempre con un enfoque orientado al cuidado y protección de las/os usuarias/os y el equipo de salud, en particular fonoaudiólogas y fonoaudiólogos del país.
Categorización de la atención fonoaudiológica: una propuesta para adultos en contexto hospitalario
Authors: Pavez Axel , Letelier-Vera Bernardita , Rivera-Rivera Carolina
Published: November 2020

Existe la necesidad de desarrollar herramientas que demuestren el impacto de la intervención fonoaudiológica en el ámbito hospitalario, lo que exige implementar modelos asistenciales y de gestión, que favorezcan la demanda clínica y la eficiencia de los procesos y de los equipos. Diversas profesiones del área sanitaria han empleado modelos de categorización de la atención que, junto con satisfacer las demandas de los pacientes, traducen las actividades de su disciplina en términos de gestión. Actualmente, en el ámbito fonoaudiológico no se cuenta con herramientas de este tipo que permitan determinar la cantidad de atenciones necesarias para una persona en contexto hospitalario. Debido a lo anterior, en el artículo se presenta la creación, desarrollo y aplicación de una matriz cuali-cuantitativa. El objetivo de la matriz es valorar y estandarizar la carga de trabajo fonoaudiológico requerido para cada paciente adulto hospitalizado, considerando su contexto clínico global. Esta matriz de categorización considera cinco variables clínicas evaluadas durante la rehabilitación del paciente y cuatro calificadores en relación con el orden de severidad. Se establecen y proponen diferentes categorías de atención que entregan una carga terapéutica recomendada (desde 1 a 2 atenciones semanales en casos leves hasta 2 atenciones diarias en casos complejos). Finalmente, se discute su uso y los beneficios de su implementación como una herramienta que permite optimizar procesos de gestión, determinar brechas y justificar la inclusión de nuevos fonoaudiólogos en el contexto hospitalario.
Effectiveness of Communication Techniques in Distance Education and its Impact on Learning Outcomes at Jordanian Universities (Northern Province)
Authors: Khateeb Linda Ahmad , Shdaifat Sameer Aowad Kassab , Shdaifa Dr. Nidal A. K.
Published: November 2020

The present study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of communication techniques in distance education programs. It aimed to explore the impact of such effectiveness on the student’s learning outcomes at Jordanian universities. The researchers adopted a descriptive analytical approach. They developed a questionnaire based on the relevant literature. Questionnaire forms were distributed to 300 students enrolled at Jordanian universities located in the Northern Province. Those students were selected randomly. All the questionnaire forms were retrieved and considered valid and the response rate is one hundred percent. The researchers found that the effectiveness of communication techniques in distance education programs at Jordanian universities is moderate. The communication techniques have moderate impact on students’ outcomes in distance education at Jordanian universities. Significant differences exist between the respondents’ attitudes which can be attributed to gender and faculties for the favor females and the ones enrolled in human sciences faculties. There isn’t any statistically significant difference between the respondents’ attitudes which can be attributed to university year. The researchers recommend developing distance education.
Estudo de vida real do perfil epidemiológico e da adesão ao tratamento de pacientes com asma alérgica grave em uso de Omalizumabe durante 12 meses
Authors: Soares Fatima Chibana , Nogueira Rafaela Rodrigues Sampaio , Sugahara Lissa , Passarelli Pamela , Kauffmann Renato , Cerci Neto Alcindo
Published: November 2020

Introdução: a asma é uma doença heterogênea, caracterizada por inflamação crônica das vias aéreas inferiores, associada a diferentes fenótipos. O omalizumabe é utilizado em adição ao tratamento quando não se obtém o controle adequado da asma. Este estudo mostra o perfil epidemiológico e a adesão ao tratamento dos pacientes acompanhados no Ambulatório de Especialidades do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Estadual de Londrina (AEHU-UEL) em uso de omalizumabe em um período de 12 meses. Método: realizado um estudo transversal retrospectivo através de dados secundários de prontuário avaliando pacientes com diagnóstico de asma alérgica grave em uso de omalizumabe nos 12 meses prévios ao recrutamento. Resultados: foram selecionados 40 pacientes que preencheram os critérios de inclusão. A média de idade foi de 51,4 anos, com predomínio de mulheres (70%), brancos (48%), não tabagistas (90%), com sobrepeso ou obesidade (75%) e diagnóstico de asma na infância (45%). O tempo médio de tratamento foi de 8,1 anos (DP 0,8). Havia comorbidades em 85% dos pacientes, com predomínio de rinite (62,5%) e DRGE (40%). Houve exacerbação em 29 pacientes levando a 8 internações (27,5%); 93% dos exacerbadores apresentaram faltas. Conclusão: a amostra é comparável a outros estudos de vida real nos achados epidemiológicos (idade, sexo, fenótipo, tempo de diagnóstico, controle da doença e tabagismo). O elevado número de faltas, assim como frequência de DRGE e outras comorbidades e a baixa adesão à terapêutica, podem justificar o elevado número de exacerbações e maior dificuldade de controle.