bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of endometrial polyps in infertile women: A mini-review
Authors: Jee Byung Chul , Jeong Hye Gyeong
Published: July 2021

Considerable disagreement exists regarding whether endometrial polyps should be removed before attempting natural pregnancy and before pregnancy via intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF). Through a literature review, we obtained information on the impact of endometrial polyps and polypectomy on fertility outcomes. Several observational studies have suggested that women with unexplained infertility may benefit from endometrial polypectomy for a future natural pregnancy. A few studies reported benefits from endometrial polypectomy in infertile women who plan to undergo IUI. However, no strong evidence supports polypectomy as a way to improve the pregnancy rate in infertile women who plan to undergo IVF or polypectomy during controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF. Although no studies have defined criteria for the polyp size that should be removed in infertile women, clinicians should be aware that small endometrial polyps (<10 mm) sometimes regress spontaneously. Endometrial polypectomy is currently justified in patients with repeated IVF failure, but more studies are needed to verify that endometrial polypectomy itself will eventually increase the pregnancy rate. Although several mechanisms by which endometrial polyps exert a negative effect on fertility have emerged, there is no consensus about the proper management of endometrial polyps in infertile women. Therefore, the management of endometrial polyps should be individualized depending on the patient's situation and clinician’s preference.
Methods of Reconstruction for Distal Aortic Dissection
Authors: Alekseevich Soborov Mark
Published: July 2021

The modern approach to the correction of aortic dissection involves the most complete reconstruction of the entire pathologically altered segment of the vessel, which is often impossible due to the vastness of the lesion and the associated severity of surgery. Reduction of intraoperative trauma can improve survival in the immediate postoperative period, and the completeness of reconstruction to reduce the number of complications and relapses in the long term. In this chapter, the methods of reconstruction of the aorta in case of distal dissection from a conventional open surgery to endovascular techniques, or usage of their combination for minimization of surgical trauma, are reviewed.
Advantages of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Production for the Profitability of Agriculture and Biofertilizer Industry
Authors: Sudha Samuel Santhi , Veeramani Aranganathan
Published: July 2021

Decades of ill-agricultural practices associated with emerging risks of climatic changes have been degrading the ecosystem with immense stress on the soil health, crop productivity. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) form advantageous symbiosis between plant roots and specialized soil fungi that is rampant in natural habitats. Studies show that the elevated AMF indicated good soil health, high crop turnouts benefiting the Agriculture and other industries. AMF dependent on plants for sugars, while offering benefits like intact binding of soil particles, biomass increase, improvement of water-holding capacity, replacement of harmful chemicals, increased intake of phosphorous, zinc and other nutrients, drought and salinity tolerance, carbon sequestering in soil and protection from nematodes and other predatory insects. AMF are best candidates as bio-fertilizers and this review will explore their beneficial interconnections.
Terpene Compounds of New Tunisian Extra-Virgin Olive Oil: Effect of Ripening Stage
Authors: Baccouri Bechir , Rajhi Imene
Published: July 2021

The volatile profiles of Tunisian virgin olive oils were established by solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) and gas chromatography (GC), using flame ionisation and mass spectrometer detectors. Terpenes compounds were identified and characterized. Limonene, the main terpene compound extracted by SPME, characterized the studied olive oil. Significant differences in the proportions of terpenes constituents from oils of different maturity index were detected. The results demonstrated that the accumulation of the terpenes compounds in the studied oils obtained from different ripeness stage was strictly connected with the ripeness stage.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Antiviral Therapies in HCV Chronic Infection
Authors: Iliescu Laura
Published: July 2021

The development of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapies in chronic HCV infection has been associated with increased expectations regarding the prognosis of this infection in the medical community, as the possibility of HCV eradication is now in sight. While the cure of the HVC infection has been associated with a dramatic decrease in its systemic complications, the impact on the progression of the liver disease, especially in patients with cirrhosis, is still controversial. Furthermore, the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after direct-acting antiviral therapy is debatable, with studies presenting an increased prevalence of HCC early after the introduction of these therapies, as well as newer contradicting studies. This chapter aims to examine the current literature data available regarding the impact of new HCV therapies in the incidence and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Cis/Trans-Fatty Acid Content of Red Meats and the Related Effects on Meat Quality and Human Health
Authors: C. Webb Edward
Published: July 2021

Red meats are often criticized as unhealthy based on their perceived high-fat content and saturated fatty acid composition. Uncertainties about the fatty acid composition and trans-fatty acid contents may discourage consumers to eat red meat, especially those living with non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and obesity (e.g. the metabolic syndrome). Previous studies have investigated the factors that influence the fat content and fatty acid composition of red meats, including the effects of species, age, nutrition, sex, production systems and growth promotants in animals, but the trans-fatty acid content of red meat has not been well studied to date. The purpose of this chapter is to review the fat content and fatty acid composition of red meats, with specific reference to its cis/trans-fatty acid content. Representative samples of beef sirloin steaks (n = 60) and lamb loin chops (n = 80) (the lumbar part of the longissimus dorsi muscle) were collected from carcasses from several randomly selected abattoirs in the Gauteng region of South Africa for proximate and fatty acid analyses. Results from this study confirm that the intramuscular fat content of red meats is low compared to most fat-containing processed foods. The lean component of beef and lamb contain a trivial proportion of TFA’s, consisting of vaccenic acid, rumenic acid and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers. The CLA’s in red meat are beneficial due to their antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic properties, so they should not strictly be considered in the TFA definition. This means that the TFA’s in red meats are negligible and pose no harm to human health. Labelling of red meats should be improved to convey this information to consumers.
Terpenoids: Lycopene in Tomatoes
Authors: Setyorini Dwi
Published: July 2021

Terpenoids are compounds that only contain carbon and hydrogen, or carbon, hydrogen and oxygen that are aromatic, some terpenoids contain carbon atoms whose number is a multiple of five called isoprene units. There are many terpenoids in tomatoes, one of which is a tretrapenoid. A type of tetrapenoid, the carotenoids. Lycopene is a terpenoid found in tomatoes. Lycopene is the most carotenoid group in tomatoes. Lycopene plays a very important role in maintaining human health, including its role in the risk of chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and others. The lycopene content in tomatoes depends on genetic factors, in this case the tomato variety, the environment where the tomatoes grow and the fruit storage environment, and the age of the tomatoes. The genetic factor of tomato fruit that greatly affects lycopene content in tomatoes is the color of the fruit. Color is generally an accurate indicator of lycopene content, with yellow cultivars containing less lycopene than red cultivars, and two out of three red cultivars contain more than orange cultivars. Shade tomato plants can increase the lycopene content in tomatoes. Aside from the lack of light in the tomato plant environment, the humidity and air temperature around the tomato plants also greatly affect the lycopene content in the fruit.
Diagnosis of Hypoaldosteronism in Infancy
Authors: Vlachopapadopoulou Elpis-Athina , Bonataki Myrto
Published: July 2021

Hypoaldosteronism is associated with either insufficient aldosterone production or lack of responsiveness to aldosterone and can be isolated or in the context of primary adrenal failure. Τhe severity of clinical manifestations is inversely correlated to age, with the neonatal period being the most vulnerable time for a patient to present with mineralocorticoid insufficiency. Salt-wasting forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), adrenal hypoplasia congenita (AHC), aldosterone synthase deficiency (ASD) and pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) are all causes of hypoaldosteronism in infancy. Affected infants present with salt wasting, failure to thrive and potentially fatal hyperkalemia and shock. Α blood sample for the essential hormonal investigations should be collected before any steroid treatment is given, in order to confirm aldosterone insufficiency and to determine the underlying cause. Renal ultrasonography and urine culture are also useful for exclusion of secondary causes of aldosterone resistance. Initial management requires treatment of electrolyte imbalances and restoration of intravascular fluid volume. In case of a salt-wasting crisis, affected infants are usually treated initially with both hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone, pending the results of investigations. Interpretation of the hormonal profile will guide further therapy and molecular analysis of candidate genes.
Cassava Biomaterial Innovations for Industry Applications
Authors: Steven Tumwesigye Kashub , C. Oliveira Jorge , Namuwaya Sheila , Jose Sousa-Gallagher Maria
Published: July 2021

Breakthrough innovations can spur growth in the modern era industry to realise sustainability and high returns on investments. Nowadays, biobased innovations for application in diverse industry sectors are considered as future pillars to counter resource depletion and ensure positive environmental impacts. Cassava is a strong flagship biomaterial promoting solution for resource-efficient use and green environment. Innovative industrial application of cassava biomaterials enriches literature, presenting cassava as a versatile and unrivalled crop that is cardinal for more sustainable environment and biodegradable industrial products. Work on novel cassava biomaterials, which are low-cost, unexploited and with zero competition for food supply, are included. Using an integrated sustainable process, it shows how to indirectly reduce waste streams, through their effective use, guaranteeing zero carbon footprints and acting as a non-traditional strategy for equilibrium atmosphere and active packaging systems. Applications of Cassava biomaterial in food, as food supplements and in packaging systems are also covered in this chapter.
Implication of Connexin 43 as a Tumor Suppressor in Pathogenesis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Rashid Rabiya , Ali Shazia , Mahboob-Ul-Hussain
Published: July 2021

Breast cancer (BC) is a global public health burden, constituting the highest cancer incidence in women worldwide. Connexins 43 proteins propagate intercellular communication, gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), remarkably expressed in several tumor types including liver, prostate, and breast. This domain of Cx43 possesses functionally critical sites identical to those involved in gating of channel and phosphorylation sites for various kinases. However, the mechanism by which Cx43 down regulation occurs in breast cancer is far from clear. Several mechanisms like Cx43 promoter hyper-methylation or a cancer-specific reduction of Cx43 expression/trafficking by the modulation of various components of the Cx43 life cycle give the idea to be involved in the down regulation of Connexins in mammary glands, but irreversible mutational alterations have not yet been proved to be among them. Summarily, the efficacy or specificity of these drugs can be increased by a combinatory approach considering an effect on both the Connexins and their regulatory molecules. This chapter will summarize the knowledge about the connexins and gap junction activities in breast cancer highlighting the differential expression and functional dynamics of connexins in the pathogenesis of the disease.
A Distributed Approach for Autonomous Cooperative Transportation
Authors: Nath Amar , Niyogi Rajdeep
Published: July 2021

Autonomous mobile robots have now emerged as a means of transportation in several applications, such as warehouse, factory, space, and deep-sea where direct human intervention is impossible or impractical. Since explicit communication provides a better and reliable way of multi-robot coordination compared to implicit communication, so it is preferred in critical missions, such as search and rescue, where efficient and continuous coordination between robots is required. Cooperative object transportation is needed when the object is either heavy or too large or needs extra care to handle (e.g., shifting a glass table) or has a complex shape, which makes it difficult for a single robot to transport. All group members need no participation in the physical act of transport; cooperation can still be achieved when some robots transport the object, and others are involved in, say, coordination and navigation along the desired trajectory and/or clear obstacles along the path. A distributed approach for autonomous cooperative transportation in a dynamic multi-robot environment is discussed.
Future Prospects on the Goat Activities for the Coming Decades in the Context of a World in Transition
Authors: Dubeuf Jean-Paul
Published: July 2021

This article explores the evolution of the goat sector in the world between 2000 and 2020 and its prospects. We base it mainly on the statistics available as well as on the author’s observations and his involvement in various projects. It also updates a study carried out on the same subject on the last decades of the 20th century. We observed a constant development and growth of the goat sector during this period. The trend has been the same between 2000 and 2020 but less strong and more localized in Asia and Africa. Several scenarios on our global future lead to consider the absolute need to preserve environment and biodiversity but above all to reduce the emission of GHGs for all productive sectors on the planet. In this case, we will face a dramatic progress and adevelopment paradigm shift. Although goat systems emit less GHGs than other ruminants, we can also observe an overall increase in net emissions by the goat sector between 2000 and 2020. So, they contribute significantly and their net emission has to be reduced, which will disadvantage the most intensive systems. However, while animal production and the consumption of its products are increasingly ostracized, goat farming (as pastoral farming in general) could have a bright future in this context. Goats, particularly those of local populations and breeds, have more than any other ruminant significant capacities to valorize spontaneous absorbing GHGs forage resources (grass, shrubs, crop or feed residues) and without other uses. In addition, goats are easy to integrate in small farms and strengthen the complementarity between agriculture and animal production, largely abandoned in favor of specialization. The strengthening of localized and interdisciplinary scientific research will also be necessary to strengthen the role of goat farming and innovation and the author proposes the establishment of “living labs” associating all the actors involved for this purpose.
Some Foundational Issues in Quantum Information Science
Authors: Gupta Amitabha
Published: July 2021

This chapter has three Parts. Part 1 attempts to analyze the concept “information” (in some selected contexts where it has been used) in order to understand the consequences of representing and processing information, quantum mechanically. There are at least three views on ‘Information’ viz., ‘Semantic Naturalism’, ‘the Quantum Bayesian Approach’ and ‘Information is Physical’ approach. They are then critically examined and at last one is given preference. Part 2 of the chapter then goes on to discuss the manner in which the study and quantification of “Qubit” (Quantum bit), Superposition and Entanglement, comprise the three pillars of Quantum Information Science and enable the discipline to develop the theory behind applications of quantum physics to the transmission and processing of information. In Part 3 we take up the issue that although it might appear bewildering, the physical approach to Quantum Information Science is equally proficient in dealing with its impact on the questions of “consciousness,” “freewill” and biological questions in the area known as “bioinformatics.”
Dementia and Physical Therapy
Authors: I. San Martín Valenzuela Constanza
Published: July 2021

Cognitive functions allow us to perform complex tasks on a day-to-day basis. When we move or want to perform a functional task, not only the integrity of the motor systems is needed, but also those cognitive functions that help plan and execute movement in challenging environments. Currently, the physical therapy of people with Parkinson’s disease, little by little, integrates the cognitive abilities of patients to the motor rehabilitation of the disease. Most studies to date have proven the effectiveness of this dual-task integration in mild or moderate stages of the disease. However, in more serious stages, we do not fully know the effectiveness of physical rehabilitation in patients who already have dementia or cognitive impairment. This chapter aims to review the latest findings in this regard, to know what are the implications of dementia in Parkinson’s disease on the motor performance, and to unravel the new lines of study that researchers and clinicians should follow in the area of physical rehabilitation in advanced stages of Parkinson’s disease.
An Explorative Perspective on the Resilience in Neighborhoods in the Netherlands
Authors: Marten Koolma Hendrik , Frederika van Dreven Catharina
Published: July 2021

In this contribution we intend to shed light on the social dimension of sustainability. Thereby, we follow adhere to the goals for sustainable development as issued by the United Nations. The majority of the goals concerns social topics in the national societies. We intend to research in what way resilience lead to social progress and, through that, to sustainability. The attainment of the goals is hindered by the phenomenon of negative spillover effects between countries. In addition, we assume the presence of intra-national spillover effects which means that advancements in some areas are accompanied by deteriorations in other parts of the country. The negative effects concentrate and accumulate disadvantages into distinct neighborhoods. Inhabitants who try to overcome the disadvantages can be fostered in their resilience by beneficial interventions and conditions. However, they will be faced with impeding interventions and conditions as well. A case in the Netherlands shows that by resilience inspired policy reforms rather inflict additional problems on disadvantaged inhabitants. A set of interviews with key persons sheds light on the question of how resilience in the neighborhoods could be fostered instead. It requires support of individuals who take the initiative to improve the living conditions of themselves and others. The processes need some guidance by professional workers who do relate to everyday live in the neighborhoods, and who build relationship op the basis of trust. In their situational work, they need to be enabled and backed by their superiors.
Dermatoscopy of Facial Non-Pigmented Actinic Keratosis and Intraepidermal Carcinoma
Authors: Balcere Alise
Published: July 2021

Dermatoscopy improves the diagnostic accuracy of non-pigmented facial lesions, including actinic keratosis (AK) and intraepidermal carcinoma (IEC) and helps to differentiate them from common invasive malignancies such as basal cell carcinoma and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. The most common dermatoscopic features characterizing AK are background erythema/erythematous pseudonetwork, white follicular openings/targetoid hair follicles, surface scales, rosettes, fine, linear, wavy vessels, microerosions and sun-damaged surrounding skin. In comparison, the most common dermatoscopic features of IEC are background erythema, red starburst pattern, surface scale, dotted/glomerular vessels, hairpin vessels, microerosions/ulcerations and targetoid hair follicles. The practice of recognizing these features in dermatoscopic images is a useful tool in the armamentarium of a clinician examining skin lesions.
Magnetic Assembly and Functionalization of One-Dimensional Nanominerals in Optical Field
Authors: Fu Meng , Zhang Zepeng , Jiang Rui , Liu Hongbao
Published: July 2021

Magnetic particles can be oriented along the magnetic field direction to achieve orderly arrangement under the magnetic field. Optical functional materials such as photonic crystal and liquid crystal can be obtained according to magnetic induced ordered nanostructure assembly. One-dimensional natural clay minerals with unique structure, composition and properties can be used as structural base to prepare anisotropic magnetic nanoparticles by decorated with magnetic particles, achieving unique optical functional properties. In this chapter, one-dimensional clay minerals@Fe3O4 nanocomposites were prepared by co-precipitation. The resulting one-dimensional clay minerals@Fe3O4 nanocomposites are superparamagnetic. They can be oriented along the direction of the magnetic field and produce an instantaneously reversible response. These magnetic mineral materials can be dispersed in a dilute acid solution to form stable colloid solutions. These stable colloid solutions produce a similar magnetically controlled liquid crystal with Bragg diffraction under an external magnetic field. Their optical properties are affected by magnetic field intensity, magnetic field direction and solid content. The results show that the functionalization of one-dimensional clay minerals has potential applications in display devices, photonic switches and other fields.
An Explainable Machine Learning Model for Early Prediction of Sepsis Using ICU Data
Authors: Nesaragi Naimahmed , Patidar Shivnarayan
Published: July 2021

Early identification of individuals with sepsis is very useful in assisting clinical triage and decision-making, resulting in early intervention and improved outcomes. This study aims to develop an explainable machine learning model with the clinical interpretability to predict sepsis onset before 6 hours and validate with improved prediction risk power for every time interval since admission to the ICU. The retrospective observational cohort study is carried out using PhysioNet Challenge 2019 ICU data from three distinct hospital systems, viz. A, B, and C. Data from A and B were shared publicly for training and validation while sequestered data from all three cohorts were used for scoring. However, this study is limited only to publicly available training data. Training data contains 15,52,210 patient records of 40,336 ICU patients with up to 40 clinical variables (sourced for each hour of their ICU stay) divided into two datasets, based on hospital systems A and B. The clinical feature exploration and interpretation for early prediction of sepsis is achieved using the proposed framework, viz. the explainable Machine Learning model for Early Prediction of Sepsis (xMLEPS). A total of 85 features comprising the given 40 clinical variables augmented with 10 derived physiological features and 35 time-lag difference features are fed to xMLEPS for the said prediction task of sepsis onset. A ten-fold cross-validation scheme is employed wherein an optimal prediction risk threshold is searched for each of the 10 LightGBM models. These optimum threshold values are later used by the corresponding models to refine the predictive power in terms of utility score for the prediction of labels in each fold. The entire framework is designed via Bayesian optimization and trained with the resultant feature set of 85 features, yielding an average normalized utility score of 0.4214 and area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.8591 on publicly available training data. This study establish a practical and explainable sepsis onset prediction model for ICU data using applied ML approach, mainly gradient boosting. The study highlights the clinical significance of physiological inter-relations among the given and proposed clinical signs via feature importance and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) plots for visualized interpretation.
Formal Indicators and Scientific Concepts
Authors: Crease Robert ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

A principal theme of hermeneutical phenomenology of science has been to analyze the status of theoretical entities. In Ginev’s ambitious analysis of contemporary trends in hermeneutic phenomenology of science, for instance, one of the two “hermeneutic circles” he describes involves the constitution of objects of inquiry, as “mathematized entities” associated with data-models, which has a formal side in theory and an empirical side in experimentation. The question then arises of the relation between the two sides; the danger, he puts it, is a theoretical essentialism which is implied when the mathematical projection is conceived as operationalized by experiment. Ginev’s proposal to avoid this involves the concept of “inscription.” This paper proposes another approach, covariant realism, which draws from Heidegger’s notion of “formal indication” and which makes explicit the temporality of theoretical objects in the flow of the research process. Heidegger developed his notion as an integral part of his hermeneutics of facticity; its motivation was the need to develop a discourse adequate for pre-theoretical experience. While it may seem strange to apply this idea so far out of context, it seems poised to address certain long-standing problems in the philosophy of science, those of incommensurability and scientific theory change. Formal indication characterizes phenomena that are understood to be provisionally grasped, already interpreted, and anticipated as able to show themselves differently in different contexts. The value of this admittedly nonstandard transformation of Heidegger’s concept suggests deeper possibilities for continentally-inspired approaches to understanding science practice than have hitherto been explored.
Explorando o uso de aplicativos móveis para autogestão do tratamento em saúde mental: scoping review
Authors: Nóbrega Maria Do Perpétuo Socorro de Sousa , Tibúrcio Priscila Campos , Fernandes Mariana Coronato , Fernandes Carla Sílvia Neves da Nova , Santos Célia Samarina Vilaça de Brito , Magalhães Bruno Miguel Borges de Sousa
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: mapear a literatura científica produzida sobre aplicativos móveis para a autogestão do tratamento em saúde mental. Método: revisão de escopo realizada em cinco bases em português, inglês ou espanhol em novembro de 2020 com os descritores mental health, mental illness, mental disorder, psychiatric illness, mobile applications, app, self care, self management e self monitoring. Resultados: encontraram-se 46 artigos relacionados, em sua maioria, com desenvolvimento, eficácia, percepção dos usuários ou busca de aplicativos em lojas especializadas e com foco no automonitoramento do humor (13%) ou gestão de doenças mentais, em geral (23,9%). Conclusão: os estudos evidenciaram variedade e eficácia de aplicativos móveis para diferentes transtornos mentais. A construção de novos aplicativos para autogestão em SM deve ser sustentada em evidências, com participação do público e com amostras representativas que, de fato, retratem as expectativas e motivações do usuário para o uso dessas tecnologias na autogestão de seu tratamento.
Analysis of factors that influenced consumers' decision to online shop organic food during Covid-19
Authors: Ćirić Maja , Ignjatijević Svetlana , Ilić Dragan , Puvača Nikola , Brkanlić Sandra
Published: July 2021

There is a significant amount of research in the world on the factors that influence consumers' decision to buy organic food using traditional sales channels. There is also a lot of research related to the factors that influence consumer decision to online shop groceries. However, to our knowledge, there is an extremely modest amount of research on how and why consumers decide to online shop organic food. The Covid-19 pandemic has led to an increase in consumer propensity to shop online, so this topic has gained in importance. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to determine the factors that most influenced consumers' decision to online shop organic food during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The survey was carried out in Serbia by using a questionnaire developed specifically for this purpose, based on questions from 9 relevant surveys in the world. Factor analysis and standard multiple regressions were used to analyze the data obtained from the survey. Four factors have been identified that influenced the online shopping organic food during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The first and most important factor is the Attributes of organic food and deterrents for purchasing. The second important factor is the advantages of online shopping, Covid-19 Pandemic consequences, and organic food labeling. While the third factor (Website characteristics and satisfaction with online shopping) and the fourth factor (Safety of online shopping) are of minor importance. At the end of the paper recommendations for improvement marketing strategy for online selling organic food are given.
Nutritional attributes of wheat bread fortified with convectively dried chokeberry powder
Authors: Filipović Vladimir , Petković Marko , Filipović Jelena , Đurović Igor , Miletić Nemanja , Radovanović Jovana , Filipović Ivana
Published: July 2021

Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) has a positive effect on human health, and therefore it can be used as a beneficial component for food (e.g. wheat bread) fortification. Dried chokeberry powder (CP), obtained by convective drying at 50, 60, and 70°C, fortified bread samples by replacing wheat flour at levels of 1, 2.5, 5 and 10%. Bread samples fortified with chokeberry were characterized by a decrease in total starch and protein contents and an increase in total sugar, mineral (Mg, Ca, Cu), and fat components; unsaturated oleic acid was reduced, unlike unsaturated linoleic and linolenic acids. All developed mathematical models for starch, protein, fat, and minerals in bread supplemented with CP were characterized by statistically insignificant residual variances and high values of R2. Z-score analysis showed the optimal segment and total scores of bread fortified with CP. Chokeberries dried at a temperature of 60°C showed the best nutritional attributes. Wheat bread enriched with CP in the amount of 10% had the highest level of fortification.
Chemical composition of organically and conventionally grown fruits of raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cv. Willamette
Authors: Milinković Mira , Vranić Dragana , Đurić Milena , Paunović Svetlana
Published: July 2021

The paper presents two-year results of chemical tests of raspberry fruits in organic and conventional cultivation systems. Raspberry plantations were established on the slopes of Jelica Mountain, on soil having very acidic reaction (pH/KCl 3.67-3.76) and optimal contents of humus and total N. In the conventional cultivation system, the soil had a high supply of readily available P2O5 and K2O and microelements, with excessive levels of Ni, and Cr. In the organic system, the content of Ni and Zn increased. The biochemical properties of organic and conventional fruits showed no significant differences, while the influence of the research year and the interaction of the cultivation system showed significant differences in the content of TA and IS. However, higher values of the levels of soluble solids, total acids and sugars contributed to the more appealing taste and aroma of organic raspberry fruits. The contents of microelements and heavy metals in the fruits of both cultivation systems were measured in the following order Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu>Ni>Cr>Co. No significant difference was found in the contents of the examined elements between organic and conventional fruits, except for the statistically higher content of Fe in organic raspberries. The high share of individual elements (especially Ni) in both cultivation systems indicates the need for continuous chemical testing of soil and fruits. Based on the results, it is important to consider the daily intake of each element in relation to body weight and/or maximum daily intake.
Determinant factors influencing organic foods purchase
Authors: Čolović Milica , Mitić Vladimir
Published: July 2021

The situation with the virus Covide-19 worldwide, in addition to the many questions of how to best protect ourselves, drew the attention of people and professional community, to the significance and the importance that a healthy nutrition has in preserving and building up immunity, and thus also in the prevention and protect the organism from various negative agents. Due to increased consumer concern for their own health and the environment the organic food market is one of the fastest growing markets in the food industry. The main goal of the current research is to examine determinant factors influencing organic foods purchase in our region. The sample consisted of 571 subjects from Serbia and the region. The data were processed by the SPSS program, and the obtained results show that in our country, as well as anywhere in the world, the price is the most common barrier in the situation of buying organic food. Gender of our subjects was not a significant factor in making the decision and realization of the purchase, while their marital status and age had an influence in making the mentioned decision. In general, our research showed that younger respondents, who are not married, are the most common buyers of organic food.
Promotion of socially responsible business in transport companies in Serbia
Authors: Žarevac-Bošković Milica , Lakićević Marija , Pantović Danijela
Published: July 2021

The topic of this paper represents a relatively new and still evolving term of socially responsible business, with a focus on application of this concept to transport companies. The goal of this paper is to formulate, in accordance with results gained from the study, concrete potential guidelines for more socially responsible business of transport companies in the Republic of Serbia. Considering multiple positive effects of socially responsible business, confirmed by numerous study activities and practical examples, as well as the fact that influences on one of the key external dimensions of socially responsible business - the environment - are most directly connected with transport business, and, finally, observing traffic as connective tissue of the entire economic system that gives purpose to all areas of material production, this paper analyses, in addition to the nature of the link between economic and social performance, the degree of application of socially responsible business in transport companies in the Republic of Serbia as well.
The relation between macroeconomic ambient and qualified healthcare workers: The case of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Ćurčić Mihailo , Matić Iva , Milojević Irena
Published: July 2021

Taking into account that the available capacities of human and material resources are key for a stable and sustainable health system of a country, this paper deals with the relation between the macroeconomic environment and the movement of the number of employees in the health system in the case of the Republic of Serbia. The aim of this paper is to make recommendations for further research based on the conducted analyses and to review the existing trends critically, in order to raise the level of public awareness in efforts to reduce the outflow of professional staff. The available official data of the institutions of the health system of the Republic of Serbia were used in the research, and time series from 2010 to 2018 were included.
The potential of digital entrepreneurship in Serbia
Authors: Krivokuća Milan , Ćoćkalo Dragan , Bakator Mihalj
Published: July 2021

The development of digital technologies has fundamentally changed all segments of the functioning of human societies and ways of doing business in all activities. Digital entrepreneurship has emerged as a consequence of the development of digital technologies and digitalization. The subject of research conducted in this paper is digital entrepreneurship as a new paradigm of business due to market globalization. The main research problem addressed in this paper is the analysis of the impact that digital entrepreneurship has on business. Within the work, empirical research was conducted, on a sample of 147 respondents, which aimed to point out the potentials that digital entrepreneurship has in the Republic of Serbia. The research conducted in this paper aimed to point out the importance of digital entrepreneurship, as a new business paradigm in global markets, and the potential of digital entrepreneurship in the Republic of Serbia. In addition to a comprehensive analysis of secondary data sources, the results of which are presented in the literature review, the paper also used primary data sources, i.e. the results of research on the potential of digital entrepreneurship in the Republic of Serbia, conducted by the author through an online survey.
Pharmaceuticals and endocrine-disrupting compounds: Accumulation in the tissue of Skadar lake fish
Authors: Radonjić Dražana
Published: July 2021

Determining the presence of pharmaceuticals and endocrine-disrupting compounds in fish tissues has been carried out in Montenegro for the first time in Moraca river and Skadar lake. Skadar lake, Montenegro, is the largest of the Balkan lakes and has a surface area which fluctuates seasonally from approximately 370 to 600 km2. During the spring time of 2016, in the time of high water levels of the lake, fish were fetched in triplets and identified. Determining the presence of pharmaceuticals and endocrine-disrupting compounds in fish tissues has been carried out in Montenegro for the first time. Their muscle tissue was separated, grinded, feezed, and then lyophilized. Prepared samples were analyzed with liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry to determine the presence of pharmaceuticals and endocrine-disrupting compounds. Obtained results are under the border of detection, out of 38 tested distributes, only the tissue of Alburnus scoranza showed the presence of triclosan.
The research of consumers and their habits in the organic products market
Authors: Petrović Gordana , Karabašević Darjan , Popović Gabrijela , Tomić Gordana , Radanov Pavle
Published: July 2021

It is important for every consumer that the product he consumes is of good quality and safe for his health. An organic product for the consumer means quality and health. It is of crucial importance to look into the the organic food market, and based on that determine what the goals are and create a strategy to achieve the set goals. The organic market is the main source of information for organic food producers. Before organic products are being placed on the market, the target group of consumers to whom the marketing mix will be directed should be determined on the basis of information from the market. Various surrounding impulses affect consumer behavior, so it is necessary to continuously monitor all important factors, in order to meet consumer demands in a timely manner. Consumer behavior in the market is the result of the tendency of consumers to best meet their needs and desires. The goal of the research is why and how consumers buy and consume certain products, respectively, what are the motives for their purchase. The research was conducted in the period from September until December 2020. on the sample 250 respondents in the territory Republic Serbia. Field research was conducted through a questionnaire consisting of seven question and based on the answers received, the results were processed. The most important indicators of this research are that consumers are less likely to buy organic products due to the lower purchasing power of the population, but also insufficient information, and the main motive for buying is that organic products are healthy products.
Some applications of a novel desirability function in simultaneous optimization of multiple responses
Authors: Marinković Velibor
Published: July 2021

In the framework of multi-response optimization techniques, the optimization methodology based on the desirability function is one of the most popular and most frequently used methodologies by researchers and practitioners in engineering, chemistry, technology and many other fields of science and technique. Numerous desirability functions have been introduced to improve the performance of this optimization methodology. Recently, a novel desirability function for multi-response optimization is proposed, which is smooth, nonlinear, and differentiable, and thus more suitable for applying some of the more efficient gradient-based optimization methods. This paper evaluates the performance of the proposed method through six real examples. After a comparative analysis of the results, it is shown that the proposed method in a certain measure outperforms the other competitive optimization methods.
Lean system design framework based on lean functionalities and criteria integration in production machines design phase
Authors: Slim Rabih , Houssin Rémy , Coulibaly Amadou , Chibane Hicham
Published: July 2021

Manufacturing needs more and more requirements (sustainability, agility, Industry 4.0 technologies, etc.) to meet customer demands. Nowadays, companies apply Lean tools to improve machines and systems performance in their use phase. Lean tools application on existing machines ensures some functionalities like (Reduce changeover time, eliminate wastes, Involve Human Skills, etc.). The purpose of this paper is to offer designers a design support method and tool to design a performant system (production system, machines, etc.) by integrating Lean functionalities from the early design phases, with a minimum of needs to improve the system in the use phase via Lean. For this purpose, we analyze the Lean principles and tools to identify functionalities provided by Lean. These functionalities are analyzed and classified to integrate them into the design of manufacturing systems in the context of Industry 4.0. A "Lean-System-Design" approach defines a systematic and detailed guide for the integration of Lean from the early design phase. We provide the software tool specifications, which represent the first steps of its implementation. We have illustrated our proposal with a case study on the design of a waste treatment machine.
Finite element model of circularly curved Timoshenko beam for in-plane vibration analysis
Authors: Nadi Azin , Raghebi Mehdi
Published: July 2021

Curved beams are used so much in the arches and railway bridges and equipments for amusement parks. There are few reports about the curved beam with the effects of both the shear deformation and rotary inertias. In this paper, a new finite element model investigates to analyze In-Plane vibration of a curved Timoshenko beam. The Stiffness and mass matrices of the curved beam element was obtained from the force-displacement relations and the kinetic energy equations, respectively. Assembly of the elemental property matrices is simple and without need to transformation matrix because of using the local polar coordinate system. The natural frequencies of curved Euler-Bernoulli beam with large thickness are not sufficiently accurate. In this case, using the curved Timoshenko beam element is necessary. Moreover, the influence of vibration absorber is discussed on the natural frequencies of the curved beam.
Dynamic indicators influencing design solution for modernization of the freight rolling stock
Authors: Shvets Angela
Published: July 2021

Rolling stock directly affects the economic indices of the transport industry and the national economy as a whole, leading to the need to improve control and quantify of the rolling stock dynamic load in order to maintain safe and reliable rail connections. In the process of rolling stock designing and operating, a quantitative assessment of dynamic loads is an urgent scientific and technical problem. The article presents an analysis of theoretical studies of the rolling stock dynamic characteristics on the example of open wagons, flat wagons and hopper wagons. The loading modes influence on the dynamic loading of the wagon has been studied with the aim of solving the problem of predicting the dynamics of rolling stock and indicators of its interaction with the track. The results of theoretical studies are presented taking into account the motion speed along the curved track of short and medium radius.
Rolling bearing fault detection based on vibration signal analysis and cumulative sum control chart
Authors: Mohammed Jawad , Abdulhady Jaber
Published: July 2021

Monitoring the condition of rotating machines is essential for the systems' safety, reducing maintenance costs, and increasing reliability. In this research, a fault detection system for bearings was developed using the vibration analysis technique with the statistical control chart approach. A test rig was first designed and constructed; then, various bearing faults, such as inner race and outer race faults, were simulated and examined in the test rig. After capturing the vibration signals at different bearing health conditions, the time-domain signal analysis technique was employed for extracting different indicative features. The obtained time domain features were then analyzed to find out the most fault-significant feature. Then, only one feature was selected to design the control chart for bearing health condition monitoring. The cumulative sum control chart (CUSUM was utilized since it can detect the small changes in bearing health states. The results showed the effectiveness of utilizing this method, and it was found that the percentage of the out-of-control points in the event of the combined cage and ball fault to the number of tested samples is greater than the other fault types.
Advanced rule-based energy management for better fuel economy of hybrid electric tracked vehicle
Authors: Milićević Stefan , Blagojević Ivan , Muždeka Slavko
Published: July 2021

All recent technological developments in the field of power distribution in hybrid electric tracked vehicles are often hard to apply and carry high computational burden which makes them impractical for real-time applications. In this paper, a novel control strategy is proposed for parallel hybrid electric tracked vehicle based on robust and easy to implement thermostat strategy with added merits of power follower control strategy (PFCS). The goal of the control strategy is enhanced fuel economy. Serbian infantry fighting vehicle BVP M80-A is chosen as the reference vehicle. For the purpose of validation, a backward-looking, high fidelity model is created in Simulink environment. Investigation of the results indicates that the proposed control strategy offers 12.8% better fuel economy while effectively maintaining battery state of charge (SOC). Even better results (23.2%) were achieved applying the proposed strategy to a model with an additional generator. It is concluded that further improvements can be made with combined sizing and control optimization.