bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ DIGITAL LITERACY LEVEL DURING LEARNING IN PANDEMIC TIME
Authors: Damayanti Peoni Mega Risna , Tungka Novalita Fransisca
Published: July 2023

This research aims to determine the level of digital literacy of junior high school students during learning in pandemic time. The nature of this research is a descriptive quantitative, and data are collected through distributing online questionnaires to 106 respondents from three junior high schools in Mori Atas sub-regency, Morowali regency, Central Sulawesi. The results showed that during pandemic time, the level of digital literacy of junior high school students in Mori Atas sub-regency reaches intermediate level in the aspects of digital information processing, creating digital content, and safety and problem solving in accessing digital information. This implies that the junior high school students in Mori Atas sub-regency are ready for a digital-age learning culture in their near future.
A PORTRAYAL OF MAIN CHARACTER’S INTERPERSONAL BEHAVIOR IN NINA LACOUR’S WE ARE OKAY
Authors: Saputri Veti , Hartanto Erika Citra Sari
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out interpersonal behavior portrayed by the main character in We Are Okay by Nina LaCour. The analysis of this novel uses the theory of psychoanalysis that focuses on interpersonal behavior by William Schutz. It also explains the impact of interpersonal behavior in Marin and Mabel as the main character. The research of this study used qualitative research methods. The source of data of this study is the novel We Are Okay.  The data of this study are the character’s utterances and author’s narration. Analysis of the data used five processes by Yin (2016); Compiling, Disassembling, Reassembling (and Arraying), Interpreting, and Concluding. The results showed the findings of inclusion, control, and affection in Marin and Mabel’s friendship. Then, the impact of interpersonal behavior are; Marin included Expressed behavior which became an open and loyal person, while Mabel included Wanted behavior which became a pleasant person and made herself available to others.
REPRESENTATION OF REAL MEN ON TIKTOK : EMIL MARIO CONTENT CONTROVERSY
Authors: Firdausiyah Fira , Dewi Riska , A.N Chandrawati , Prasetyo Ari Ade
Published: July 2023

Popular culture becomes an arena for identity negotiations, including femininity and masculinity in social spaces. Many people in society have their own views on the issue of femininity and masculinity, so there are various opinions that arise from it. One of them is about the representation of real men who have various opinions from various parties, as discussed by one of Emil Mario's content on tik tok. This study aims to describe real men according to Emil Mario and responses from other parties with different perspectives, such as from the point of view of religion, psychology and ordinary people on this issue. The method used in this research is qualitative using the theory of John W. Creswell. The data was collected by using the observation technique on Emil's video and responses from several other parties, then recording their opinions. The results of this study indicate that there are different points of view because there are many cultural aspects that appear, especially on Tik Tok content.
IMPOLITENESS STRATEGIES REFLECTED IN GORDON RAMSAY'S IN “HELLS KITCHEN SEASON 10”: PRAGMATICS APPROACH
Authors: Rahman Sonia , Mubarak Zia Hisni
Published: July 2023

. The purpose of this study was to identify the strategies of impoliteness used in conversation. This impoliteness strategies were used by the person who appeared in the reality television show entitled Hell's Kitchen. The data was taken from the Hell's Kitchen video and directly translated based on the video narration. The data analysis focused on the person from the scene in the perception video. This research was written and then examined based on the considerations put forward by Culpeper (1996)  Culpeper (1996). The researcher found that there were only three impoliteness of strategy were included in the category of  7 Bald on record Impoliteness, 2 Negative Impoliteness, and 6 Sarcasm, or Mock Impoliteness conducted by Gordon Ramsay to reality show participants Hell's Kitchen television. This research was a qualitative research,  will be used to analyze the types and strategies Impoliteness therefore theory Culpeper (1996) will be used to analyze the explanation of the Impoliteness.
WOMEN’S STRUGGLE AGAINST OPPRESSIONS IN “THE CASE OF THE MISSING MARQUESS” BY NANCY SPRINGER
Authors: Simanjuntak Griselda Giovanni , Arianto Tomi
Published: July 2023

The Victorian era was closely related to the patriarchal system. During this era, many women were oppressed because their activities were so restricted. The women during the Victorian era were not brave enough to fight but Enola Holmes was the only exception. Enola was portrayed as a brave young girl who fought for the patriarchal system in order to gain her freedom as a woman. The approach of this research is feminism approach which is explained by the theory of Sara Ahmed (2017). This research is designed with the descriptive qualitative method because the data source is taken from a novel entitled “The Case of the Missing Marquess” by Nancy Springer. The first aim of this research is to find out the main character’s oppressions toward the patriarchal system and the second aim is to reveal how the main character struggles against the patriarchal system during the Victorian era in the novel. (1) The first result of this research shows that there are eight data that have been found to answer the oppressions toward the main character and (2) the second result of this research shows that there are five data that have been found to answer how the main character struggles against the patriarchal system. To sum up, there are oppressions and there are struggles against the patriarchal system in the Victorian era portrayed by the main character.
The Knowledge Café as a Case Method in Synchronous Online Classroom – "The OD Consultant at Animens" Case Study
Authors: Yawson Robert , Osafo Emmanuel , Berko Obi Damoah , yarney Lily
Published: July 2023

  

The Knowledge Cafe Approach is a participatory and collaborative method for group dialogue and idea exchange. It is a valuable pedagogical tool in management education, providing a structured and engaging way for students to share and explore ideas and perspectives on complex management issues. We developed the Knowledge Café approach as an alternative to the World Café approach for synchronous online classroom use. Using a case study, we illustrate how the Knowledge Café can be used as a Case Method in a synchronous online classroom. Animens Industries Ltd is located in the port city of Takoradi in Ghana. It was established in 1972 as the first wholly Ghanaian-owned distilleries and bottling company. The Animens Case Study was developed to serve as a universal case study but specifically to students in Africa and Ghana especially. Students generally respond positively to the Knowledge Café exercise, as it provides a structured and engaging way to share ideas, collaborate with peers, and learn from one another. Students often find the activity a valuable learning experience that helps them develop critical thinking, communication, and collaboration skills.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Mesleğe Yönelik Tutumu ile COVID-19 Enfeksiyonu Korkusu Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Bulut Süreyya , Taşkıran Nihal
Published: July 2023

Amaç: Kesitsel türdeki bu araştırma, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin mesleğe yönelik tutumları ile Koronavirüs (COVID-19) enfeksiyonu korku düzeylerini belirlemek ve bu iki durum arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma, Şubat-Nisan 2021 tarihleri arasında hemşirelik bölümü 3. ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim gören 571 öğrenci ile online anket yöntemi kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Veriler, “Sosyo-demografik Form”, “COVID-19 Korkusu Ölçeği” ve “Hemşirelik Mesleğine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 21.78±1.46 (min:20, max:30) olup, %77.9’unun kadın, %51.1’inin 4.sınıf öğrencisi olduğu, COVID-19 korkusu ölçek puan ortalamasının 14.01±4.56, Hemşirelik Mesleğine Yönelik Tutum ölçeği puan ortalamasının ise 155.60±17.53 olduğu ve bu iki ölçek toplam puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı bulunmuştur (r=0.002, p=0.964).
Sonuç: Öğrencilerin orta düzeyde COVID-19 korkusu yaşadıkları, mesleğe yönelik olumlu tutuma sahip oldukları ve COVID-19 korkusunun mesleki tutumu etkilemediği tespit edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda öğrencilerin mesleğe yönelik tutumlarını olumlu yönde devam ettirecek ve arttıracak desteğin meslek profesyonelleri tarafından sağlanması ve benzer pandemi durumlarında oluşabilecek korku ile baş etmede kullanılabilecek farklı yöntemlerin online ya da yüz yüze eğitimlerle öğretilmesi önerilmektedir.
Pediatri Hemşirelerinde Dikkat Dağıtma Becerisi Ölçeğinin Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği
Authors: Özdemir Serap , Elmaoğlu Erhan
Published: July 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırmada pediatri hemşirelerinin dikkat dağıtma becerisini ölçmek amacıyla geliştirilen, Pediatri Hemşirelerinde Dikkat Dağıtma Becerisi Ölçeği’nin (PHDDBÖ) Türk toplumuna uyarlanması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma metodolojik tiptedir. Çalışma, Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesindeki bir kadın doğum ve çocuk hastalıkları hastanesinde görev yapan 232 pediatri hemşiresinin katılımı ile gerçekleştirildi. PHDDBÖ, Ogihara tarafından 2022 yılında geliştirilen, 4’lü likert tipte, 21 madde ve 5 alt boyuttan oluşan bir ölçektir. Ölçeğin geçerliği; Açıklayıcı ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) öncesinde örneklem sayısının yeterliği için Kaiser Meier Olkin (KMO), verilerin normal dağılımı ise Barlett testi ile yapıldı. Güvenirliği; test tekrar test yöntemi, Cronbach alfa katsayısı testi ile yapıldı.
Bulgular: Araştırmada, ölçeğin Kapsam Geçerliği İndeksi 0.9 ile 1 arasında bulundu. Kendalls W test değeri, 0.285 olarak bulunmuştur. (X2= 56.989, p=0.001) Açıklayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) sonucunda; KMO=.894, Ki-kare=1779.551, p=0.000 olarak bulundu. Barlett testi sonucuna göre verilerin normal dağılım gösterdiği görüldü (X2=1779.551, p=0.001). Çalışmada ölçeğin maddelerinin faktör yüklerinin 0.39 ile 0.74 arasında olduğu bulundu. Araştırmada DFA; X2 =370.45; p=0.001 ve RMSEA=0.071 olarak saptandı. Araştırmada Inter Class Correlation (ICC)=0.995, p=0.001 olarak belirlendi.
Sonuç: Pediatri Hemşirelerinde Dikkat Dağıtma Becerisi Ölçeği’nin Türkçe formunun geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu bulundu.
Liver fibrosis in a comorbid patient with metabolicassociated (non-alcoholic) fatty liver disease (MAFLD-NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Livzan M. A. , Krolevets T. S. , Syrovenko M. I.
Published: July 2023

The aim of this review is to systematise the available evidence on the comorbid course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular disease, assessing the role of liver fibrosis in patient prognosis. Discussion: the criteria for the diagnosis of metabolic-associated liver disease (MAFLD) in comparison with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were presented. The results of studies demonstrating the close relationship of NAFLD and NAFLD with the development of cardiovascular diseases were occurred. The underlying factor tending the cardiovascular risk of patients with NAFLD and MAFLD is liver fibrosis. Invasive and non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in NAFLD were discussed. The evidence of the expediency and safety of the use of statins in this pathology was presented. Conclusion: according to the pandemic growth of NAFLD and its association with cardiovascular risk, the question of how to properly monitor patients with comorbid cardiovascular diseases and NAFLD in order to reduce the risks is timely and very relevant. One of the main prognostic risk factors for an unfavorable outcome in this category of patients is liver fibrosis. Lipid-lowering therapy seems to be the most optimal and safe treatment strategy for these patients.
Recurrent esophageal candidiasis resistant to fluconazole, complicated by stricture, in a patient with idiopathic immune dysfunction
Authors: Shevyakov M. A. , Kulakova S. M. , Snytko M. M. , Kulakov A. S. , Frolova E. V. , Desyatik E. A. , Mitrofanov V. S.
Published: July 2023

A clinical case of a 62-year-old patient in whom recurrent esophageal candidiasis led to a complication - stricture of the cervical esophagus is presented. The immune dysfunction clarified with the help of an immunological study was characterized by a combined defect in the effectiveness of inflammation, phagocytosis and cytotoxicity, but its cause was not established. In this patient, previous repeated courses of treatment with fluconazole led to the selection of a strain of Candida albicans resistant to fluconazole, therefore, candidiasis was treated with an alternative drug - voriconazole.
Zonulin levels are associated with cortisol, dopamine, and serotonin levels in irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Gaus O. V. , Livzan M. A.
Published: July 2023

Increase intestinal permeability is one of the main mechanisms for the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The role of stress and nutrition factors is considered as key modifiable factors contributing to the development of increase intestinal permeability. Purpose of the study: to evaluate the content of a marker of increased intestinal permeability (zonulin in feces) in relation to dietary habits, levels of anxiety and depression, levels of stress hormones (cortisol in saliva) and neurotransmitters (serotonin in blood serum, dopamine in blood plasma) in patients with IBS. Materials and methods: an open cohort prospective study was conducted with the inclusion of 263 patients with an established diagnosis of IBS. The control group consisted of 40 healthy volunteers. All individuals included in the study were assessed for diet and eating habits, the severity of anxiety and depression, including the level of specific anxiety in relation to gastrointestinal symptoms, and quality of life. In addition, the levels of cortisol in the morning and evening portions of saliva, serum serotonin, plasma dopamine and fecal zonulin were assessed. Results: in patients with IBS, the marker of increased intestinal permeability (zonulin in feces) is closely related to the nature of nutrition, anxiety levels, cortisol and serotonin secretion, and is also associated with the development of abdominal pain, diarrhea, and the severity of the disease.
The Impact of Nontransparent Health Communication During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Vaccine- Hesitant People’s Perception of Vaccines
Authors: Wegwarth Odette , Hertwig Ralph , Giese Helge , Fineberg Harvey V.
Published: July 2023

Although transparency is crucial for building public trust, public health communication during the COVID-19 pandemic was often nontransparent. In a cross-sectional online study with COVID-19 vaccine-hesitant German residents (N = 763), we explored the impact of COVID-19 public health communication on the attitudes of vaccine-hesitant individuals towards vaccines as well as their perceptions of incomprehensible and incomplete information. We also investigated whether specific formats of public health messaging were perceived as more trustworthy. Of the 763 participants, 90 (11.8%) said they had become more open-minded towards vaccines in general, 408 (53.5%) reported no change, and 265 (34.7%) said they had become more skeptical as a result of public health communication on COVID-19 vaccines. These subgroups differed in how incomprehensible they found public health communication and whether they thought information had been missing. Participants' ranking of trustworthy public health messaging did not provide clear-cut results: the fully transparent message, which reported the benefit and harms in terms of absolute risk, and the nontransparent message, which reported only the benefit in terms of relative risk were both considered equally trustworthy (p = .848). Increased skepticism about vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic may have partly been fueled by subpar public health communication. Given the importance of public trust for coping with future health crises, public health communicators should ensure that their messaging is clear and transparent.
L’importance de la science ouverte en recherche en psychologie
Authors: Thériault Rémi
Published: July 2023

La crise de réplication scientifique que le domaine de la psychologie traverse en ce moment remet en question la réputation de notre discipline et notre confiance dans une majorité de recherches passées et présentes. Le présent article couvre les points les plus importants en lien à la crise de réplication et la science ouverte, via une brève revue de littérature. Deux causes principales de la crise de réplication en psychologie ressortent : les pratiques de recherche douteuses et le manque de transparence. Heureusement, la science ouverte, qui met au cœur de sa démarche la transparence, la reproductibilité et les bonnes pratiques de recherche, permet d’adresser ces deux problématiques directement. Celle-ci recommande notamment : (a) le préenregistrement de l’étude; (b) le rapport enregistré; (c) la mise en ligne publique des données désidentifiées; (d) la mise en ligne des matériels et de la syntaxe; (e) l’utilisation de logiciels libres tels que R; (f) la prépublication; et (g) la publication en libre accès. Cet article couvre brièvement ces différentes pratiques.
Transmission of social bias through observational learning
Authors: Schultner David , Lindström Björn , Cikara Mina , Amodio David
Published: July 2023

People often rely on social learning—learning through the observation of others’ actions and outcomes—to form preferences in advance of their own direct experiences. Although typically adaptive, we investigated whether social learning may also contribute to the formation and spread of prejudice. In six experiments (n = 1326), we demonstrate that by merely observing interactions between a prejudiced actor and social group members, observers acquired the prejudices of the actor. Moreover, observers were unaware of the actors’ bias, misattributing their acquired group preferences to the behavior of group members despite identical behavior between groups. Computational modeling revealed this effect was due to value shaping, whereby one’s preferences are shaped by another’s’ actions, in addition to learning from reward feedback. These findings identify social learning as a potent mechanism of prejudice formation that operates implicitly and supports the transmission of intergroup bias.
Insuficiencia respiratoria aguda, hipoxemia refractaria y ventilación mecánica. Una revisión sistemática.
Authors: Hidalgo Acosta Javier Aquiles , Chávez Flores Héctor David , Macias Pincay Jonathan Raúl , Lugmania Sánchez Priscilla María , Velasco Rosillo Cesar Jorge , Sanga Pintag Dennis Abraham , Velasco Nieto Jordy Andrés , Campoverde Vargas Erick Alexander
Published: July 2023

Introducción: El síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda (SDRA) o también conocido como distress respiratorio, es una interrupción del homeostasis a nivel alveolar que puede promover: hipoventilación, deterioro de la difusión, derivación y desajuste entre la ventilación - perfusión o una combinación de ambas.
Manejo actual de la otitis externa maligna. Una revisión sistemática.
Authors: Javier Aquiles Hidalgo Acosta , Briones Franco Andreina Dayanara , Espinoza Romo Leroux Genesis Asleis , Fernández Guerrero Andrea Margarita , Rodríguez Díaz Pedro Roberto , Ronquillo Loy Ingrid Jacqueline , Briones Nieto Norma Stephanie , Lituma Vásquez Flor Fernanda , Galeas Hernández Ana Patricia
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN: La otitis externa maligna (OEM), o también llamada otitis externa necrotizante, es una infección potencialmente mortal, que afecta principalmente al canal auditivo externo, produciendo osteomielitis del hueso temporal; se extiende hasta la base del cráneo y tejido circundante, provocando sepsis; llegando a comprometer los nervios craneales y generar afección multisistémica. Objetivos General: Describir el manejo actual de la otitis externa maligna. Objetivos específicos: 1) Determinar la etiología de la otitis externa maligna.  2) Determinar las complicaciones de la de la otitis externa maligna. MÉTODOS: se realizó una revisión sistemática según las guías PRISMA 2020 con búsqueda de artículos científicos, con el termino otitis externa maligna. Se recuperaron 40 artículos correspondientes a los últimos 5 años, obtenidos de bases de datos como Cochrane, Google académico, Medline, Mendeley, ScientDirect, IntechOpen. Los riesgos de sesgo en los estudios observaron diferencias sistemáticas por la heterogeneidad de los pacientes y los tratamientos entre los grupos.  RESULTADOS: el manejo de la otitis externa maligna incluye tratamiento con antibióticos anti pseudomona como las fluoroquinolonas en combinación con un betalactámico y un antifúngico como la anfotericina B, voriconazol, fluconazol o equinocandinas; además del tratamiento con desbridamiento quirúrgico del canal auditivo y mastoidectomía radical, para evitar el riesgo de sepsis neurocraneal, obteniéndose buenos resultados.  DISCUSIÓN: La otitis externa maligna, es una patología de rara ocurrencia que afecta a pacientes inmunocomprometidos, cuya morbimortalidad es alta, si no se trata adecuadamente. Sus principales agentes causales son: pseudomona aeruginosa, estafilococo aureus, Cándida spp, Aspergillus spp y Geotrichum. La importancia de esta investigación radica en optimizar la atención en el paciente con OEM, realizando un diagnóstico clínico e imagenológico oportuno, para brindar una alternativa terapéutica eficaz, basada en antibioticoterapia de amplio espectro, el tratamiento antifúngico, complementario al tratamiento quirúrgico, para evitar complicaciones.
Equidad de género en el mundo científico
Authors: Zurita-Leal Andrea C.
Published: July 2023

Al realizar una búsqueda sobre los 30 mejores científicos en la historia, se pudo observar que dentro de ese grupo únicamente se nombra a tres mujeres, siendo estas Marie Curie, Hipatia de Alejandría y Rosalind Franklin; lo que demuestra la falta de representación femenina en el mundo científico. 
En el siglo XXI existe un mayor número de mujeres que se encuentran estudiando carreras STEM y carreras médicas. Mujeres que se especializan en diferentes campos de la ciencia y que se encuentran trabajando en laboratorios de investigación. Según datos del 2018 (El Comercio), en el Ecuador hay una mayor representación de investigadoras en distintas áreas, con un 48% en medicina, 50% ciencias sociales, 26% en física y matemáticas y 25 % en ingenierías; estos datos nos indican que de manera paulatina está incrementando la participación de mujeres en el mundo científico.
Issues Relating Disaster to Journalism Education
Authors: Aryal Deb Raj
Published: July 2023

Nepali newspapers manage to include disaster-related incidents with priority. A huge number of stories about calamities have got space on the front pages based on their gravity and worthiness. However, it is debatable whether they are fulfilling their social responsibility. A reply to this question can make a huge commitment to overseeing tough spots connected with disasters. Journalism is expected to make it easier to deal with issues that arise before and after disasters. This necessitates that journalists comprehend the various tangents (distribution, causes, effects, ramifications, and possibilities) of disasters. In like manner, the debacle ought to be consolidated in news coverage and schooling so our reporting practice could contribute to that.
Freedom of Expression in International Law
Authors: Marashini Sashi Nath
Published: July 2023

The right to freedom of opinion and expression has been protected in all relevant international human rights treaties since its inclusion in Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It is essential at an individual level, as it contributes to the overall development of a person and is a foundation stone of democratic society. However, there is a global trend of governments limiting vibrant discussions and debates within civil society and among civil societies, political leaders and governments. This is particularly concerning in western democracies like the USA and UK.
Journalist's Socialization : Main Impetus for Good Governance
Authors: Dhungana Jivan
Published: July 2023

Under the theoretical framework of Harold Lasswell's Communication Theory, this study focuses on the role that journalists' socialization plays in shaping the social understanding of good governance through the use of the media. In the age of social media and technology, it is obvious that people learn a lot from the various media they use in their lives and how they act. As, Harold Lasswell proposes that there is consistently connection between the communicator, message, medium and the beneficiary, it is a colossal test of the communicator or the source to spread the positive and advantageous message to the collector or the crowd. The sender is the most important factor in moving society in a particular progressive direction. Because of this, the journalist's role in society is most important in shaping society. However, the journalist's mindset is formed before socialization, while the audience's life is shaped by the media and political leaders' codes of conduct. Journalism, on the other hand, is not unaffected by national politics because individuals enrol in various programs for their own benefit. As a result, the primary focus of this study on journalists' socialization for good governance in Nepal is on Lasswell's communication model: who says what, how it affects whom, and why.
Listy Gottloba Fregego. Uwagi o polskim wydaniu [rec. Gottlob Frege: Korespondencja naukowa]
Authors: Bogucki Krystian
Published: July 2023

The present article reviews the Polish-language edition of Gottlob Frege’s scientific correspondence. In the article, I discuss the material hitherto unpublished in Polish in relation to the remainder of Frege’s works. First of all, I inquire into the role and nature of definitions. Then, I consider Frege’s recognition criteria for sameness of thoughts. In the article’s third part, I study letters devoted to the principle of semantic compositionality, while in the fourth part I discuss Frege’s remarks concerning the context principle.
Koncepcja etyki naukowej i wizje postępu moralnego w ujęciu liderów polskiej myśli pozytywistycznej
Authors: Tyburski Włodzimierz
Published: July 2023

The article presents one of the components of the intellectual legacy of Polish positivism, a philosophical position which proposed a new attitude towards ethical issues. Its representatives put forward the notion of scientific ethics, reducing moral philosophy to it. They strongly emphasized their critical attitude towards traditional ethics, for which there was no place in the positivist model of science, and proposed a distinction between theoretical and practical ethics. Their project was motivated by an ambition to make ethics into jurisprudence, a discipline whose accuracy would make it similar to other sciences. Their efforts were consistently motivated by the idea of making ethics into an empirical and applied science. This scientific ethics would fulfill the important task of forming a set of moral requirements, which, by referring to moral knowledge (“ethology”), would have a chance of influencing the conduct of individuals and society. The new ethics was expected to contribute to the change in social morality and thus greatly support moral progress, an issue which was hotly debated. All positivists subscribed to the idea of progress, including that of morality; however, some differences can be discerned in how they defined progress. Some defined it in realistic categories, while others focused on optimistic visions of the future. Among the first advocates of scientific ethics and of the idea of moral progress, differences notwithstanding, were Aleksander Świętochowski, Julian Ochorowicz, Feliks Bogacki, Władysław Kozłowski, and Bolesław Prus. The article gives an overview of some of their views.
O „zakresie przedmiotowym” i „zakresie sytuacyjnym” konwencyjnych norm kolizyjnych. Rozważania na tle art. 35 umowy polsko-ukraińskiej z 1993 r.
Authors: Pacuła Krzysztof
Published: July 2023

The conflict-of-laws rules laid down in an international agreement binding Poland and a non-Member State enjoy priority over rules of national origin (where a situation does not fall within the scope of EU conflict-of-laws rules), as well as over EU private international law rules (on the basis of the clauses provided for in the EU Regulations), yet in both cases exclusively in scenarios falling within their own scope of application.With regard to conflict-of-laws rules of a bilateral international agreement, such as those provided for in Article 35 of the Agreement of 1993, the characterization has to be carried out independently from the understanding of specific concepts that may be inferred from national substantive law or from private international law, be it of domestic or EU origin.As to the determination of the “material scope” of such conflict-of-laws rules, the textual interpretation of a bilateral agreement in question should play crucial role. Although the conflict-of-laws rules of such agreements generally call for characterization of the legal institutions established by the legal order of one of the two Contracting States, the comparative study limited to those two legal orders can merely serve as guidance when it comes to the determination of the “material scope” of those conflict-of-laws rules.While it is difficult to formulate generalizable conclusions concerning the “spatial reach” of the conflict-of-laws rules provided for in a bilateral agreement, it can be argued that — in the course of a dispute before a court — the law designed as applicable under Article 35 (1) of the Agreement of 1993 applies to the assessment of tort liability originating in an event that occurred on the territory of Poland or Ukraine, if the individuals involved in the tort have their domicile (seat) on the territory of Poland or Ukraine, and — although this is highly debatable — insofar as they have the nationality of one of these States, provided that all the above-mentioned elements do not link the situation underlying that dispute exclusively with only one of those States.
Hopeless Cases or Just Hard Nuts to Crack? Stories of “Difficult” Foreign Language Learners
Authors: Nosidlak Katarzyna
Published: July 2023

In accordance with the assumptions of the sociologically grounded labelling theory, an individual’s self-perception and, consequently, their actions, might be influenced by words used to describe them. Also, in the context of education, including the field of foreign language learning, such a process of defining learners in a simplified way, has been proven to have profound consequences of psychological nature. The main purpose of the article is to outline the results of a study in which 37 teachers of English shared the stories of their most “difficult” students. The qualitative analysis of the gathered descriptions allowed the identification of some common features characteristic of, so-called, hopeless cases, among which motivation-related problems are the most often enumerated ones. Additionally, many teachers wrote about their struggles while teaching students with special educational needs. The views expressed by the participants of the study might help understand the way in which opinions about students are formulated as well as point to the need for significant changes to be made in the area of foreign language teacher education and training.
Language Teacher Identity Outside the State-School Context
Authors: Hempkin Kirsten
Published: July 2023

The importance of understanding language teacher identity is well-established in the existent literature. It has been shown to impact upon many aspects of teachers’ lives both inside and outside the classroom, such as wellbeing (Day & Kington, 2008) and self-efficacy (Canrinus, Helms-Lorenz, Beijaard, Buitink, & Hofman, 2012). The nature of language teacher identity is broadly categorised from a socio-cultural perspective, as dynamic rather than static, as negotiated in social interaction and (potentially) a source of struggle (Barkhuizen, 2017) or friction (Beijaard, Meijer, & Verloop, 2004). As this struggle with identity comes to the fore during periods of transition, when identity is seen to be challenged, the focus of research has largely been trained on pre-service or early-service teachers (Mercer & Kostoulas, 2018). The research in this paper addresses a teaching population who have thus far escaped the research gaze, but aspects of whose identity could be problematic and possible sites of struggle. Drawing upon a narrative approach, in case-study form, I examine how two established teachers (with four years or more service) who have been trained to work in the state-school context and who, for a variety of reasons are now working outside it, construct their language teacher identities. The findings point to the importance of the teachers’ own experiences as learners in their identity formation, and how emotion accompanies and acts as a driver of identity change as they seek stability and status on an uncertain professional path.
Gegenwärtige Geschichtsnarrative zu den Silesian Texans als Gegenstand transnationaler Global Silesian Studies
Authors: Kubik Adam
Published: July 2023

In diesem Artikel werden ausgewählte Beiträge mit gegenwärtigen Geschichtsnarrativen zu den oberschlesischen Auswanderern nach Texas im 19. Jahrhundert, den sog. Silesian Texans, vorgestellt und besprochen. Dabei werden die darin vorkommenden Zuschreibungen von nationalen Kategorien hinsichtlich der Identität, Sprache, kulturellen und ortsgebundenen Herkunft kritisch hinterfragt. Die dabei verwendete Methode ist die komparatistische Imagologie nach dem „Aachener Programm“. Diese eignet sich in besonderer Weise für derartige Untersuchungen in transnationalen Gebieten wie Oberschlesien und ihren Überseeformen in Texas, USA. Die angeführten Quellen aus den letzten drei Jahrzehnten werden neuesten wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen hinsichtlich der Forschung zu den Silesian Texans wie auch der (ober)schlesischen Sprache gegenübergestellt. Der Artikel kann als Bestandaufnahme aktueller Quellen zum Phänomen der Silesian Texans wie auch als ihre kritische Besprechung verstanden werden. In der Untersuchung werden historische Fehler und Anachronismen in den Geschichtsnarrativen aufgezeigt, in denen die Herkunftsregion der Silesian Texans nicht ihrem Charakter als ein Grenzgebiet entsprechend, weder multikulturell noch transnational wahrgenommen wird.
Sistem Manajemen Mutu Komunikasi Kepada Konsumen Berdasarkan ISO 9001: 2015 Pada Website Sekolah Tinggi Multi Media
Authors: Utomo Ardian Setio , Widhihatmini Widhihatmini
Published: July 2023

This study aims to describe the quality management system in the field of communication to consumers based on ISO 9001:2015 on the Multi Media College website. The research method uses descriptive qualitative. Sources of research data are users of the Multi Media College website. Data collection uses the method of observation and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and verification. To ensure the validity of the data used triangulation method. The results of this study are the communication quality management system to consumers based on ISO 9001: 2015 on the Multi Media High School website including: 1) Providing information related to products and services, 2) withdrawing requests, contracts or orders, including changes thereto, 3) Obtaining consumer feedback related to products and services, including consumer complaints, 4) restrict or control consumer property, and 5) make specific requirements for contingency actions. Recommendations from research results to improve the quality management system in the field of communication to consumers, namely: 1) Providing information related to consumer requirements that can be maintained and maintained properly, 2) Providing information to consumers receiving and answering consumer questions clearly, 3) Providing an effective way to receive complaints from customers and provide answers to them, 4) Provide an effective way to receive feedback from consumers, 5) Maintain an effective channel for sharing information and situations of educational products and services that are not yet in accordance with consumers, 6) establish ways effective for 9 and receive input from consumers in case of contingencies.
PELANGGARAN NORMA HAK ASASI MANUSIA TERHADAP WARGA AHMADIYAH DALAM NOVEL MARYAM KARYA OKKY MADASARI
Authors: Azizah Meta Paramita Nur , Kurniati Mulia , Haryanti Rera Sarah Rizky
Published: July 2023

Pada penelitian ini, penulis ingin membahas salah satu karya dari Okky Madasari dengan judul Maryam yang telah memenangkan Khatulistiwa Literary Awards dalam kategori prosa tahun 2012. Novel Maryam berhasil mengangkat masalah kekerasan terhadap pengikut Ahmadiyah dari hiruk pikuk berita media dan kontroversi di sekitarnya di tingkat yang berbeda. Melihat dari permasalahan yang diangkat dalam Novel Maryam, penulis tertarik untuk mengkaji struktur intrinsik Maryam sebagai karya prosa dan meneliti bagaimana pelanggaran HAM yang dirasakan pihak ahmadiyah dilihat dari UUD yang sudah ditetapkan negara. Bagaimanapun juga, sebagai negara yang memiliki norma hukum, semua permasalahan yang menyangkut negara dan rakyat tentu ada hukumnya. Dari novel terlihat bahwa pihak ahmadiyah menderita dan kehilangan hak-haknya setelah peristiwa pengusiran terjadi. Dengan pendekatan sosiologi sastra dan metode analisis kualitatif yang digunakan, penulis berharap tulisan ini dapat membuka perspektif baru masyarakat pula tentang Ahmadiyah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh penulis, penulis mengetahui bahwa ada salah satu golongan islam (Ahmadiyah) tidak mendapat hak-hak yang seharusnya mereka dapat. Dari penelitian yang didasarkan atas kacamata pihak Ahmadiyah, penulis mengharapkan ada pelajaran yang bisa diambil dan keinginan dari berbagai pihak agar pelanggaran HAM seperti pada novel Maryam tidak akan muncul kembali.
Book Review
Authors: Judd Thomas , Calil Saide , David Yadin
Published: July 2023

Book review by Thomas Judd, Saide Calil and Yadin David
Comparison of the effectiveness of various valsalva maneuvers in the management of stable narrow and wide QRS complex tachycardia in the emergency department
Authors: BEYOĞLU Reşad , ÖZEN Mert
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Narrow and wide QRS complex tachycardias are among the causes of arrhythmia in patients frequently admitted to the emergency department (ED). The first recommended step in the management of patients with a stable narrow and wide QRS tachycardia is a vagal maneuver. Althougah there are many maneuvers that can provide vagal stimulation, the most effective vagal maneuver is still unknown. This study aims at determining the most effective vagal maneuver by comparing the four most commonly used maneuvers.

Materials and methods: One hundred and thirty-two patients were included in this study; they were randomly and equally distributed into four groups. Carotid sinus massage (CSM) was applied to the first group, the REVERT method was applied to the second group (a 10-cc injector was used), a modified REVERT method was applied to the third group (a 60-cc injector was used), and the abeslang (wooden tongue depressor) method was applied to the fourth group. During these four applications, the patients’ vital signs were monitored, and preparations were made for any emergency.

Results: Of the 132 patients included in the study, 61 (46.2%) were males, and 71 (53.8%) were females. The average age of the patients was 56.3 years. One hundred and twenty-six had narrow QRS tachycardias, and 6 had stable wide QRS tachycardias. The patients were randomly distributed into 4 groups. In the 1st group, 1 patient (3%) returned to a normal rhythm with the CSM method. In the 2nd group, 3 patients (9.1%) returned to a normal rhythm with the REVERT method. Nine patients (27.3%) in the 3rd group returned to a normal rhythm with the modified REVERT method. 6 patients (18.2%) in the 4th group returned to normal rhythm with the abeslang method. None of the stable wide QRS tachycardias responded to vagal stimulation methods.

Conclusion: The modified REVERT and abeslang methods are preferred primarily in patients entering the ED with the complaint of a stable narrow or wide QRS tachycardia in the case that a vagal maneuver is to be applied. On the other hand, a vagal maneuver is not effective in the management of a stable wide QRS tachycardia.
Trace Elemental Analysis of Lithium-ion Battery Materials
Authors: Nelms Simon
Published: July 2023

The benefits of trace elemental analysis to improve the performance and safety of lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles are explored.
New Testbed Helps Drive Sustainable Future for Aviation
Authors: Bolcavage Ann , Hobday Alistair
Published: July 2023

With the opening of Testbed 80, the largest engine testing facility in the world, Rolls-Royce plans to use its unique capabilities to accelerate the journey toward sustainable aviation technologies supported by the intelligent use of materials.
ASM Data Ecosystem
Authors: Fryan Raymond V.
Published: July 2023

Designed with key input from members, ASM International’s new Data Ecosystem provides a digital platform to assist engineering design and manufacturing stakeholders working in the Materials 4.0 era.
Ultrasonic Fatigue Testing for Additively Manufactured Metal Alloys
Authors: Macey Christopher J.
Published: July 2023

Compared with traditional fatigue testing, the ultrasonic method achieves much speedier results along with the ability to run extremely high test cycles in a reasonable time frame.
Directed Energy Deposition Moves Outside the Box
Authors: Schneider Judy , Gradl Paul
Published: July 2023

Metal additive manufacturing has steadily progressed over the past decade, with today’s directed energy deposition processes enabling rapid builds of large structures in near-net shape—and with minimal machining required to achieve final dimensions.
Practical Aspects of Plasma Nitriding Kinetics for 17-4 PH Stainless Steel
Authors: Rolinski E. , Springer A. , Woods M.
Published: July 2023

Plasma nitriding is very effective in removing the passive layer of chromium oxide formed naturally on the surface of stainless steel, but controlling the kinetics is key for optimal results.
Tough Yet Flexible Superelastic Alloys Meet Biomedical Needs
Authors: Xu Xiao , Odaira Takumi , Xu Sheng , Hirata Kenji , Omori Toshihiro , Ueki Kosuke , Ueda Kyosuke , Narushima Takayuki , Nagasako Makoto , Kainuma Ryosuke , Harjo Stefanus , Kawasaki Takuro , Bodnárová Lucie , Sedlák Petr , Seiner Hanuš
Published: July 2023

Novel bcc CoCr-base alloys exhibit a Young’s modulus similar to human bone combined with superelastic strain twice that of NiTi alloys.
Conventional Light Microscopy Reveals Beauty of Single Phase Cartridge Brass
Authors: Rome Grace A. , Wong Addison C. , Sanchez Carmen M. , Vigil Gregory D. , Preston Cole W. , Yu Jason , Crow Robert S. , Bourne Gerald R.
Published: July 2023

This article describes sample preparation to create a visually impressive micrograph image of single-phase cartridge brass, C26000, an alloy composition of 70% copper and 30% zinc. C26000 was chosen due to the striking twins and large grain size that are easily generated by annealing a cold-worked sample, the large range of contrast and colors that can be created by etching, and the wide availability of the material. This entry won the Jacquet-Lucas Award for Best in Show at the 2021 International Metallographic Contest.
Techniques and Equipment for Gear Hardening
Authors: Bernard Benjamin T.
Published: July 2023

This article compares heat treat processes and furnace types that are typically used to harden gears.
Advancements in Image Pattern Recognition for Lock-In Thermography Hotspot Detection and Classification with Supervised Learning
Authors: Thinn Kyu Kyu , Eng Teh Tict , Xue Ming , Tan Rui Zhen
Published: July 2023

Lock-in thermography (LIT) is a widely used nondestructive tool for detecting the failure location in integrated circuits. The image pattern recognition algorithm for detecting LIT hotspots benefits image processing and can be leveraged to automate failure analysis processes.
Digital literacy and technopolitics, core enablers in a disintermediated digital political communication age
Authors: Pérez-Escoda Ana , Freire Maria-Raquel
Published: July 2023

The growing interconnection of technology and politics and the enactment of particular political goals (technopolitics) has been closely articulated with emotions and the building of foreign policy narratives. In the current context of change in the communication paradigm, global and disintermediated, bringing together in the same digital space distinct actors, and having wide diffusion and reach, the challenges to international politics are diverse. Digital and media literacy are, in this regard, key to address the implications of these changes, avoiding the spreading of disinformation, fake news and distorted practices that might have profound effects at societal and political level. In this context, this paper aims at providing a basis for understanding the emerging and increasingly clear connection between political communication, polarization, disinformation, and emotions in social networks and digital literacy as a central factor explaining misuse or alleviating deficiencies, on the one hand, and how this context is affecting the reconfiguration of international relations and politics, on the other hand. The case of the war in Ukraine is illustrative of these trends and dynamics.
No leer: las nuevas formas de censura en el circuito bibliogrÃ¡fico y editorial
Authors: CordÃ³n-GarcÃ­a JosÃ©-Antonio , MuÃ±oz-Rico MarÃ­a
Published: July 2023

La censura es un fenÃ³meno que estÃ¡ presente en la historia de la lectura y la ediciÃ³n desde que los libros comenzaron a consolidarse como el formato preferente para la transmisiÃ³n del pensamiento, sobre todo a partir del nacimiento de la imprenta en el siglo XV. Los poderes de todo tipo, polÃ­tico y eclesiÃ¡stico, combatieron cualquier forma de desviaciÃ³n o disidencia de las doctrinas oficiales a travÃ©s de la prohibiciÃ³n de las obras y la persecuciÃ³n de autores, impresores, libreros y editores. Con varios siglos de vigencia, su ejercicio supuso un obstÃ¡culo insalvable y pernicioso en el proceso de transferencia de cualquier tipo de informaciÃ³n. Cuando parecÃ­a haber desaparecido gracias a la generalizaciÃ³n de los derechos humanos, y principalmente los relacionados con la libertad de expresiÃ³n, ha vuelto en nuestros dÃ­as con especial virulencia bajo la forma bien de revisiones de la literatura clÃ¡sica, segÃºn los patrones de lo polÃ­ticamente correcto, bien bajo el expurgo, eliminaciÃ³n o prohibiciÃ³n de obras en bibliotecas pÃºblicas y escolares, respondiendo a las exigencias de grupos de presiÃ³n conservadores o de extrema derecha. Nos encontramos en un momento en que estas nuevas formas de censura, abiertas en unos casos, subliminales y sutiles en otros, amenazan con obstaculizar no sÃ³lo la libertad de acceso a la informaciÃ³n, sino la memoria cultural de los lugares donde se ejercen.