bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructural pathology of bioprosthetic heart valves with infectious endocarditis
Authors: Mukhamadiyarov R. A. , Milto I. V. , Kutikhin A. G.
Published: September 2021

Aim. To study the ultrastructure of mitral bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) which failed due to infective endocarditis.

Materials and Methods. Here we examined 7 ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether-treated xenopericardial BHVs excised during repeated BHV replacement because of prosthetic endocarditis. After being fixed in formalin and postfixed in osmium tetroxide, BHVs were dehydrated and stained in uranyl acetate with the subsequent embedding into epoxy resin, grinding, polishing, and lead citrate counterstaining. Upon the sputter coating with carbon, we visualised the BHV microanatomy by means of backscattered scanning electron microscopy at 15 kV voltage.

Results. The extracellular matrix underwent degradation and disintegration resulting in loosening, fragmentation, and reduction in the electron density of collagen and elastin fibers. We observed a number of recipient cells (macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, neutrophils, endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells) within the BHVs. The highest number of cells was localized on the valve surfaces. The localization of the recipient cells on the ventricular and atrial surfaces was different. The central part of the valves was abundantly populated by macrophages.

Conclusion. Prosthetic endocarditis is accompanied by the migration of recipient cells into the BHV structure, which is the consequence of surface and extracellular matrix disintegration.
Critical obstetric conditions during pandemic (COVID-19) and pre-pandemic years
Authors: Belokrinitskaya T. E. , Iozefson S. A. , Frolova N. I. , Brum O. Yu.
Published: September 2021

Aim. To assess the structure of critical obstetric conditions and maternal mortality in Transbaikal Region in pandemic (COVID-19) and pre-pandemic years (2020 and 2019, respectively).

Materials and Methods. We retrospectively analysed “near miss” (NM) and maternal deaths (MD) in 2019 and 2020, further calculating the severe maternal outcome ratio (SMOR), the summary indicator which includes both NM and MD per 1000 live births.

Results. In a pandemic year (2020), we observed an increase in SMOR in comparison with a pre-pandemic year (3.0 vs 2.0, respectively). In 2019, maternal mortality was exclusively caused by obstetric complications, while extragenital pathology (cardiovascular disease and COVID-19) was responsible for that in 2020. However, the main causes of «near miss» in 2019 and 2020 were similar, including obstetric haemorrhage because of placental abruption and severe pre-eclampsia. Maternal near-miss mortality ratio (MNM/MD) increased from 7.3: 1 in 2019 to 11.3: 1 in 2020, and mortality index (MD/(MNM + MD) × 100) reduced from 12.0 to 8.1. Therefore, fewer women with life-threatening conditions died in 2020 as compared with 2019, indicating a better quality of obstetric care.

Conclusion. Analysis of the critical obstetric conditions can probably find regional issues of maternal healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic and propel the policy makers to find additional resources to minimise maternal morbidity and mortality.
Metabolic and radiofrequency features of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide effects on biological tissue ex vivo
Authors: Martusevich A. K. , Galka A. G. , Golygina E. S. , Fedotova A. S.
Published: September 2021

Aim. To assess the effects of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide on the scar tissue ex vivo.

Materials and Methods. The study was performed using fragments of scar tissue (n = 10) removed intraoperatively in patients with Dupuytren's contracture. Each fragment was divided into 3 equal segments: 1) control; 2) treated with singlet oxygen for 5 minutes; 3) treated with nitric oxide (20 ppm) for 5 minutes. Upon the indicated treatment, we evaluated the dielectric properties of the tissue employing nearfield resonant microwave sensing using a customised software package (Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences). Then, each segment was homogenised and the parameters of oxidative metabolism (intensity of free radical oxidation and total antioxidant activity) were measured in homogenates by Fe-induced biochemiluminescence.

Results. Treatment of scar tissue fragments by singlet oxygen and nitric oxide altered the dielectric properties of the tissue and the intensity of free radical oxidation. Singlet oxygen action moderately increased the dielectric permittivity of the tissue and rendered a balanced stimulating effect on proand antioxidant systems. Nitric oxide significantly augmented dielectric permittivity and conductivity and raised the antioxidant potential of the tissue.
PENGARUH KOMPOSISI MEDIA TANAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SETEK EMPAT KLON UBI KAYU (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
Authors: Yelli Fitri , Giannini Topan Kurniawan , Utomo Setyo Dwi , Edy Akari
Published: September 2021

Pengaruh Komposisi Media Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan Setek Empat Klon Ubi Kayu (Manihot Esculenta Crantz). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan komposisi media tanam yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan setek ubi kayu, menentukan klon ubi kayu yang memiliki pertumbuhan terbaik dan mengetahui apakah respon setek ubi kayu terhadap komposisi media tanam ditentukan oleh klon yang digunakan.  Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung dari bulan April 2020 sampai bulan Juni 2020.  Penelitian disusun secara faktorial dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah komposisi media (tanah+pasir+sekam padi dan tanah+pasir+kompos) dan faktor kedua adalah klon (UJ-3, UJ-5, BW1, Unila UK-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) komposisi media menghasilkan pertumbuhan yang sama. (2) Klon memberikan respons yang sama terhadap komposisi media.
EFIKASI HERBISIDA METIL METSULFURON TERHADAP GULMA PADA BUDIDAYA TANAMAN KARET (Hevea brasiliensis) BELUM MENGHASILKAN
Authors: Saputa Irvan , Evizal Rusdi , Sembodo Dad Resiworo Jekti , Sriyani Nanik
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis herbisida metil metsulfuron yang efektif mengendalikan gulma di pertanaman karet, mengetahui perubahan komposisi gulma akibat aplikasi herbisida metil metsulfuron, dan mengetahui fitotoksisitas tanaman karet setelah aplikasi herbisida metil metsulfuron. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kebun rakyat Desa Onoharjo, Kecamatan Terbanggi Besar, Kabupaten Lampung Tengah dan Laboratorium Gulma Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung dimulai Desember 2017 hingga Maret 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan empat ulangan dan enam perlakuan yaitu dosis herbisida metil metsulfuron 15 g/ha, 20 g/ha, 25 g/ha, 30 g/ha, penyiangan mekanis, dan kontrol. Homogenitas ragam data diuji dengan uji Bartlett, additivitas data diuji dengan uji Tukey, dan perbedaan nilai tengah perlakuan diuji dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan herbisida metil metsulfuron dosis 15 – 30 g/ha efektif mengendalikan gulma total, gulma daun lebar, Borreria alata, dan Praxelis climatidea pada 4 – 12 MSA. Herbisida metil metsulfuron dosis 15 – 30 g/ha mengendalikan gulma rumput dan teki pada 4 – 8 MSA. Herbisida metil metsulfuron dosis 15 – 30 g/ha mengendalikan gulma Axonopus compressus, Croton hirtus, dan Ottochloa nodosa pada 4 MSA di perkebunan karet TBM. Aplikasi herbisida metil metsulfuron dosis 15 – 30 g/ha menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan komposisi gulma Borreria alata menjadi Croton hirtus pada 4 MSA, Borreria alata menjadi Axonopus compressus pada 8 MSA, dan Borreria alata menjadi Ottochloa nodosa pada 12 MSA di perkebunan karet TBM. Aplikasi herbisida metil metsulfuron dosis 15 – 30 g/ha tidak menyebabkan terjadinya keracunan terhadap tanaman karet TBM.
PENGARUH SISTEM PENYAMBUNGAN KOPI ARABIKA DENGAN ROBUSTA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI KOPI ARABIKA
Authors: Aditya Girindra Yoga , Evizal Rusdi , Pujisiswanto Hidayat , Utomo Setyo Dwi
Published: September 2021

Penyambungan (grafting) merupakan salah satu upaya untuk memperbaiki sifat tanaman menggunakan bahan klonal baik pada fase pembibitan, pemeliharaan maupun rehabilitasi. Keragaan sifat kopi Robusta dapat diperbaiki melalui penyambungan intraspesifik (Robusta/Robusta) untuk menghasilkan produktivitas yang lebih tinggi atau melalui penyambungan interspesifik (Arabika/Robusta) untuk menghasilkan kopi Arabika. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk (1) mengetahui pertumbuhan dan produksi kopi grafting dibandingkan dengan kopi non-grafting dan (2) mengetahui pertumbuhan dan produksi kopi grafting Arabika interspesifik dibandingkan dengan Arabika non-grafting. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Harapan Jaya, Kecamatan Way Ratai, Kabupaten Pesawaran, Lampung. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan enam sistem penyambungan dengan empat ulangan. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini yaitu: P1=Robusta non-grafting, P2= Arabika non-grafting, P3= grafting Robusta/Robusta metode tak-ent, P4= grafting Arabika/Robusta + cabang, P5= grafting Arabika orthrotrop/Robusta, P6= grafting Arabika plagiotrop/Robusta. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis kopi Robusta klon lokal Mekarsari, sedangkan untuk jenis kopi Arabika menggunakan varietas Kartika. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji lanjut yaitu Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masing masing perlakuan berpengaruh nyata terhadap variabel jumlah cabang primer, jumlah cabang plagiotrop (B0, B1, dan B2), jumlah dompol bunga per cabang, jumlah dompol putik per cabang, jumlah dompol buah hijau per cabang, jumlah dompol buah merah per cabang, bobot buah segar per cabang, bobot biji kering per cabang, jumlah biji panen per cabang, dan produksi per pohon. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa: (1) pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kopi grafting lebih tinggi daripada tanaman non-grafting, (2) dari berbagai sistem penyambungan kopi Arabika grafting interspesifik, perlakuan Arabika plagiotrop/Robusta menghasilkan pertumbuhan yang sama tetapi memberikan produksi biji lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan Arabika lainnya.
PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKTIVITAS JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (Pleurotus ostreatus) PADA KOMPOSISI MEDIA TANAM SENGON DAN JERAMI
Authors: Elfandari Henni , Yusanto Yusanto , Septiana Septiana
Published: September 2021

Jamur tiram merupakan jamur konsumsi yang disukai oleh masyarakat karena memiliki rasa yang enak dan nilai gizi yang tinggi. Jamur tiram dapat dibudidayakan dalam media (Baglog) yang berasal dari serbuk kayu atau bahan lignin yang telah lapuk dan dibungkus plastik dan disterilkan.Bahan baku serbuk kayu semakin sulit diperoleh karena berkurangnya pemanfaatan kayu, yang menyebabkan harga serbuk kayu semakin tinggi dan biaya produksi jamur akan meningkat. Oleh karena itu diperlukan alternatif limbah lignoselulosa yang diperlukan sebagai media untuk pertumbuhan jamur, salah satunya adalah jerami. Penelitian ini menggunakan perlakuan tunggal dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan empat ulangan. Perlakuan kombinasi media sengon dan jerami terdiri dari 8 taraf. P0 = Serbuk kayu sengon 100%; P1 = Serbuk kayu sengon 90% + Jerami 10%; P2 =Serbuk kayu sengon 80% + Jerami 20%; P3 = Serbuk kayu sengon 70% + Jerami 30%; P4 = Serbuk kayu sengon 60% + Jerami 40%; P5 = Serbuk kayu sengon 50% + Jerami 50%; P6 = Serbuk kayu sengon40% + Jerami 60%; P7 = Serbuk kayu sengon 30% + Jerami 70%. Percobaan diulang sebanyak empat kali. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa jamur yang ditanam pada media 100% serbuk kayu sengon menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas terbaik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN BAHAN PEMBENAH TANAH TERHADAP DISTRIBUSI AGREGAT DI LAHAN KERING MASAM PADA PERTANAMAN KEDELAI
Authors: Septiana Liska Mutiara , Indhira Hilda , Afandi Afandi , Banuwa Irwan Sukri
Published: September 2021

Bahan pembenah tanah seperti Batuan fosfat alam (BFA), biochar, organonitropos, dan pupuk kandang sapi dapat dijadikan bahan untuk meningkatkan produksi tanaman kedelai dilahan kering masam. Pemberian bahan pembenah tanah ini dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisik tanah khususnya agregat tanah yang akan mempengaruhi produksi tanaman. Agregat tanah mempengaruhi kemampuan tanah dalam menyediakan ruang pori untuk penyediaan air, udara dan unsur hara. Pemberian BFA dapat memperbaiki keadaan lahan kering masam dengan melepas unsur P secara perlahan.  Sedangkan, bahan pembenah tanah lainnya memiliki pengaruh jangka panjang untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui evektivitas pengaplikasian BFA dan bahan pembenah tanah lainnya yaitu Biochar, organonitropos, dan pupuk kandang sapi terhadap distribusi agregat tanah, serta mengetahui interaksi antara aplikasi BFA dan bahan pembenah tanah lainnya terhadap distribusi agregat tanah.  Penelitian dirancang menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan, faktor pertama adalah pemupukan P dengan 2 taraf yaitu tanpa perlakuan (P0) dan BFA (P1) 5 ton ha-1, faktor kedua adalah bahan pembenah tanah dengan 3 taraf yaitu tanpa perlakuan (B0), biochar (B1) 5 ton ha-1, organonitrofos (B2) 10 ton ha-1, dan pupuk kandang sapi (B3) 10 ton ha-1.Variabel pengamatan meliputi jumlah agregat, partikel dan tekstur, dan C-organik tanah.  Keragaman data dianalisis melalui uji homogenitas ragam menggunakan uji Barlett dan adivitas data diuji dengan uji Tukey.  Data dianalisis dengan analisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi BFA dan bahan pembenah tanah lainya berpengaruh nyata pada distribusi jumlah agregat pertanaman kedelai, serta terjadi interaksi antara keduanya.
PENGARUH DOSIS BIONEMATISIDA JAMUR Purpureocillium lilacinum (Syn. Paecilomyces lilacinus) ISOLAT B01TG BERBAHAN PEMBAWA LIMBAH PERTANIAN TERHADAP KEEFEKTIFANNYA DALAM MENGENDALIKAN Meloidogyne spp.
Authors: Fiandani Ambar , Swibawa I Gede , Fitriana Yuyun , Purnomo Purnomo
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh dosis bionematisida jamur Purpurecilum lilacinum (Syn. Paecilomyces lilacinus) isolat B01TG berbahan pembawa limbah pertanian terhadap keefektifannya untuk mengendalikan serangan nematoda puru akar  Meloidogyne spp.  Percobaan yang berlangsung bulan Februari - Juni 2019 di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan 5 perlakuan  tingkat dosis bionematisida dan 5 ulangan.  Dosis bionematisida yang diuji yaitu 0 g,  5 g, 10 g, 20 g dan 40 g per tanaman.  Bionematiaida diaplikasikan 3 hari sebelum tanaman tomat ditransplanting.  Satu minggu setelah transplanting, tanaman tomat kemudian  diinfestasi 2000 telur nematoda puru akar.  Data pertumbuhan tanaman yang meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot biomassa basah dan produksi, serta tingkat kerusakan akar dianalisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan pemisahan nilai tengah menggunakan uji BNT pada taraf nyata 5%.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis bionematisida mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman dan kerusakan akar. Pertumbuhan tanaman yang diberi perlakuan 40 g bionematisida lebih baik daripada pertumbuhan tanaman yang diberi  bionematiaida dengan dosis yang lebih rendah. Kerusakan akar tanaman tomat akibat serangan Meloidogyne spp. lebih rendah pada tanaman tomat yang diberikan perlakuan 20 g dan 40 g  daripada kerusakan akar tanaman yang diberi perlakuan bionematisida dengan dosis yang lebih rendah.
PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANIK DAN PUPUK HAYATI TERHADAP POPULASI DAN BIOMASSA CACING TANAH PADA PERTANAMAN TOMAT CHERRY (Lycopersicum esculentum. Mill) DI DESA SUKBANJAR KECAMATAN GEDONG TATAAN
Authors: Nurlita Nadya , Yusnaini Sri , Hendarto Kus , Arif M. A. Syamsul
Published: September 2021

Cacing tanah merupakan salah satu biota tanah yang sangat berperan aktif dalam indikator kesuburan tanah.  Pupuk organik dan pupuk hayati merupakan pensuplai hara yang dibutuhkan bagi tanah untuk tanaman dan aktivitas organisme di dalam tanah.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik, aplikasi pupuk hayati, dan interaksi antara kedua pupuk tersebut terhadap populasi dan biomassa cacing tanah pada pertanaman tomat cherry (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill).  Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang disusun secara faktorial, faktor pertama jenis pupuk organik (K) dan faktor kedua konsentrasi pupuk hayati (M), setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali sehingga diperoleh 36 petak satuan percobaan.  Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan sidik ragam pada taraf 5% yang terlebih dahulu diuji homogenitas ragamnya dengan menggunakan Uji Bartlett dan additivitasnya diuji dengan Uji Tukey.  Rata-rata nilai tengah dari data diuji dengan Uji BNT pada taraf 5%.  Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel pendukung dengan variabel utama dilakukan uji korelasi.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan pupuk kandang ayam (K1) meningkatkan populasi dan biomassa cacing tanah pada pengamatan 45 HST di kedalaman 0-15 cm dan 15-30 cm dan pada pengamatan 90 HST di kedalaman 0-15 cm, sedangkan pemberian pupuk hayati tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap populasi dan biomassa cacing tanah pada pengamatan 45 HST dan 90 HST di kedalaman 0-15 cm dan 15-30 cm.  Pemberian pupuk organik dan pupuk hayati tidak terjadi interaksi pada pengamatan 45 HST dan 90 HST di kedalaman 0-15 cm dan 15-30 cm.  Berdasarkan identifikasi didapatkan bahwa semua cacing tanah setiap kedalaman pada pertanaman tomat cherry didapatkan cacing tanah tergolong dalam famili megascolicidae.
Training future psychologists in preventing and overcoming family conflicts
Authors: Ventseslavska Tetiana , Baida Svitlana , Rudenok Alla , Karpova Dariia , Potapchuk Yevhen
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the study of improving the quality of training future psychologists in universities, the formation of their readiness to carry out professional activities dealing with the prevention and overcoming family conflicts. Methods mastering of which will help future psychologists in consulting work on preventing and overcoming conflicts have been identified. For objective diagnostics of the quality of students’ studying at universities, the components and indicators that allow to determine the state of readiness of future psychologists to prevent and overcome family conflicts have been defined. Methodology for training future psychologists to prevent and overcome family conflicts arising from normative and non-normative family crises is proposed. The methodology covers the forms and methods of forming the readiness of future psychologists to prevent and overcome family conflicts, as well as the training program, which involves a consistent implementation of special activities and aims at forming necessary knowledge, abilities, skills, professionally important qualities of a psychologist.
Operation of industrial parks in the conditions of sustainable development and the paradigm of circular economy
Authors: Tulchynska Svitlana , Shevchuk Nataliia , Popelo Olha , Pohrebniak Anna , Kravchyk Yurii
Published: September 2021

In this study, the authors examine the functioning of eco-industrial parks in terms of sustainable development and the paradigm of the circular economy. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the principles of functioning of eco-industrial parks in terms of sustainable development and the paradigm of the circular economy. The methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach to the functioning of eco-industrial parks in terms of sustainable development and the paradigm of circular economy and the use of general economic and specific methods of scientific knowledge, including the method of analysis, synthesis, deduction, monograph and others. The conclusions of the study are the justification of the vision of development policy in terms of sustainable development and the formation of a circular economy in the direction of creation and operation of eco-industrial parks. The tools of ensuring the formation and functioning of eco-industrial parks in the conditions of sustainable development and the paradigm of the circular economy are proposed and the consequences of its introduction are substantiated.
THE EFFECT OF RAMADAN MONTH ON STOCK RETURN AND VOLATILITY OF A SHARIA-BASED INDEX
Authors: Rahmatullah Arief , Mahadwartha Putu Anom , Ernawati Endang
Published: September 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of a religious-related calendar anomaly, namely Ramadan, on stock return and volatility of a Sharia-based index in Indonesia. This study used the GARCH (p,q) method and linear regression to examine the effect of Ramadan on stock returns and volatility, with Ramadan as a dummy variable. This study results show that Ramadan month has a significant positive effect on stock returns, or it can be said that an anomaly occurs during Ramadan month. Meanwhile, volatility during Ramadan month is negative and not significant. This study also exercised a T-test to support the GARCH regression (p,q) and linear regression results. The t-test results show that the average return during Ramadan is higher than in other months. Meanwhile, the average volatility during Ramadan is lower than in other months.
Fostering Czech firms? innovation performance through efficient cooperation
Authors: Prokop Viktor , Kotkova Striteska Michaela , Stejskal Jan
Published: September 2021

Research background: The business climate development and the stage of innovation systems? transformation are very similar in many Central and Eastern European countries, making it necessary to study these specific economies. These economies are at a different level of transformation, and their governments are trying to support the development of a knowledge-based economy, the creation of innovation systems, and collaboration among different types of entities. These governments need feedback in the form of research into the impacts of public funding on innovation activities through the influence of basic research and cooperation-based resources in individual countries.

Purpose of the article: This paper focuses on the examination of (i) the influence of national and European subsidies on innovation performance in manufacturing firms in the Czech Republic and (ii) impacts of knowledge- and cooperation-based resources on innovation activities in Czech manufacturing.

Methods: The latest available data from the Community Innovation Survey was used for analyses realized by different regression models. The proposed research models were gradually created to verify the influence of pro-innovation factors (expenditures on in-house and external R&D and on the acquisition of external tangible and intangible sources, cooperation with different partners and innovation) and public (national and/or European) funding of firms? innovation performance within the Czech manufacturing industry.

Findings and value added: The results have showed that there is a need to focus on direct and indirect effects of selected innovation determinants; we have also identified the crucial role of cooperation (specifically with government, public, or private research institutes) as a mediating variable within innovation processes. The results have also evidenced that public funding affects the efficiency of knowledge- and cooperation-based resources and amplifies the impact on firms? innovation performance differently. Whereas subsidies from national budgets do not significantly influence the innovation performance of Czech manufacturing firms, European subsidies, on the other hand, significantly increase firms? innovation performance. A long-term contribution of this paper is the significant completion of the theory of policy implications that may be applicable in a broad international context beyond the borders of the Czech Republic. This study significantly contributes to the ongoing discussion about (i) the significance of public financial subsidies from both national and European funds and (ii) the effects of cooperation and R&D on firms? innovation performance within ?catching-up? in Central and Eastern Europe.
Nondimensional translational characteristics of elastomer components
Authors:   Institute of Structural Durability and Railway Technology, Graz University of Technology, Dutzler Andreas , Buzzi Christian ,   Institute of Structural Durability and Railway Technology, Graz University of Technology, Leitner Martin ,   Institute of Structural Durability and Railway Technology, Graz University of Technology
Published: September 2021

Elastomer components are used in both primary and secondary spring stages in bogies of rail vehicles. The design of spring components of a bogie requires knowledge of the calculation of the elastic properties of these components. An elastomer spring component is typically analyzed in the dimension to be investigated. Calculated force-displacement curves are directly related to the material and dimension of the component itself. The objective of this paper is to establish generalized or, in other words, universally valid force-displacement characteristics by breaking the entanglement with component size. The advantage of this approach is the extended validity of the results for a specific spring shape of any size. The simulations are performed only once for each shape and may be converted to any other size using the proposed methodology. A numerical study of a layer spring with rectangular cross-sectional area and fixed edges on both top and bottom sides serves as a reference example.
Application of Fuzzy Inference System in the Prediction of Air Quality Index
Authors: Shafii Nor Hayati , Nur Aini Mohd Ramle  , Alias Rohana , Diana Sirmayunie Md Nasir  , Nur Fatihah Fauzi
Published: September 2021

Air pollution is the presence of substances in the atmosphere that are harmful to the health of humans and other living beings. It is caused by solid and liquid particles and certain gases that are suspended in the air.  The air pollution index (API) or also known as air quality index (AQI) is an indicator for the air quality status at any area.  It is commonly used to report the level of severity of air pollution to public and to identify the poor air quality zone.  The AQI value is calculated based on average concentration of air pollutants such as Particulate Matter 10 (PM10), Ozone (O3), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2).  Predicting the value of AQI accurately is crucial to minimize the impact of air pollution on environment and human health.  The work presented here proposes a model to predict the AQI value using fuzzy inference system (FIS). FIS is the most well-known application of fuzzy logic and has been successfully applied in many fields.  This method is proposed as the perfect technique for dealing with environmental well known and tackling the choice made below uncertainty.  There are five levels or indicators of AQI, namely good, moderate, unhealthy, very unhealthy, and hazardous. This measurement is based on classification made from the Department of Environment (DOE) under the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation (MOSTI). The results obtained from the actual data are compared with the results from the proposed model.  With the accuracy rate of 93%, it shows that the proposed model is meeting the highest standard of accuracy in forecasting the AQI value.
„IN DEN LÜFTEN LIEGT MAN NICHT ENG“. ANMERKUNGEN ZUR UNAUFLÖSBAREN TRAGIK DES DICHTERS PAUL CELAN
Authors: SAMSON Horst
Published: September 2021

“In the Air Where You Won’t Lie Too Cramped.” Notes on the Irresolvable Tragedy of the Poet Paul Celan. Paul Celan's work is characterized by reflections on the power and possibilities of language and poetry in general in processing personal tragedy and painful borderline experiences, especially the experience of the Holocaust. These experiences range from the persecution of Jews, the deportation and murder of his parents, to the "Goll Plagiarism Affair" or to mental illness in the last years of his life. These experiences of persecution and extermination of the Jews and Celan's involvement in the tragedy of his people are reflected in many of his poems, especially in Todesfuge.
REZUMAT. „În văzduh nu va fi strâmt”. Însemnări despre irezolvabila tragedie a poetului Paul Celan. Opera lui Paul Celan se caracterizează prin reflecții asupra puterii și posibilităților limbajului și ale poeziei în general, în prelucrarea tragediilor personale și a experiențelor dureroase la limită, în special experiența Holocaustului, de la persecuția evreilor, deportarea și uciderea părinților săi, până la "problema plagiatului Goll" și boala psihică din ultimii ani de viață. Aceste experiențe de persecuție și exterminare a evreilor și implicarea lui Celan în tragedia poporului său sunt reflectate în poeziile sale, în special în Todesfuge.
Cuvinte-cheie: Celan, Shoa, poezie și limbă germană modernă, tragedie
IMAGINATION UND WISSEN ÜBER DIE NACHBARVÖLKER IN DER RUMÄNIENDEUTSCHEN LITERATUR NACH DEM ERSTEN WELTKRIEG
Authors: BALOGH András F.
Published: September 2021

Imagination and Knowledge about the Neighbouring Peoples in the German Literature in Romania after the First World War. The starting point of this paper consists in adapting the ideas formulated by the cultural turn, according to which culture is a product of a dynamic process. After the First World War, a new cultural field was formed through a very fast process in the micro-society of German-speaking people in Transylvania and Banat. This cultural field was mostly influenced by the newspapers and cultural periodicals (Klingsor, Siebenbürgisch-Deutsches Tageblatt, Temeswarer Zeitung), by ecclesiastical discourse and by the speeches given by the Saxon and Swabian politicians. The literature of this period illustrates a very intense life; several texts deal with either the problems of time or describe a glorious past. The most famous authors (Adam Müller Guttenbrunn, Karl von Möller, Adolf Meschendörfer, Heinrich Zillich) are in the spotlight of public life. This article’s case studies are taken from the literature of Transylvania. In general, it can be said that the representation of Romanians is positive, that of Hungarians is to some degree negative, while Jews are rarely represented.
REZUMAT. Imaginar și cunoștințe despre popoarele învecinate în literatura de expresie germană din România după Primul Război Mondial. Punctul de plecare al lucrării constă în adaptarea ideilor formulate de turnura culturală, conform căreia cultura este produsul unui proces dinamic. După Primul Război Mondial, un nou câmp cultural se formează într-un proces foarte rapid. Este şi cazul microsocietăţii germane din Transilvania și Banat, care este influențată de revistele și cotidienele timpului (Klingsor, Siebenbürgisch-Deutsches Tageblatt, Temeswarer Zeitung), de discursul ecleziastic și de politicienii sași și șvabi. Literatura prezintă în perioada abordată o viață foarte intensă; apar mai multe texte care tratează problemele timpului ori descriu un trecut glorios. Autorii cei mai cunoscuţi (Adam Müller Guttenbrunn, Karl von Möller, Adolf Meschendörfer, Heinrich Zillich) se află în punctul de focalizare a vieții publice. Studiile de caz sunt luate din literatura din Transilvania. În general, se poate afirma că imaginea românilor este pozitivă, a maghiarilor apare cu uşoare tente negative, iar evreii sunt rareori reprezentaţi.
 Cuvinte-cheie: imagologie, români, maghiari, evrei
DAS BILD DES SOZIALISMUS IN DER REIHE „KRITERION-HEFTE“
Authors: FERENCZ Tímea
Published: September 2021

The Image of Socialism in the Kriterion-Hefte Book Series. The following paper, based on the author’s as yet unpublished PhD Thesis, aims to highlight the image of socialism as reflected in the book series Kriterion-Hefte, published by the Bucharest-based Kriterion publishing house between 1980 and 1984. After a brief presentation of the book series, the paper also addresses the historical framework in which the Kriterion-Hefte were published and offers a glimpse into the image of socialism as presented and perceived by the nine authors of this twelve-book series.
REZUMAT. Imaginea socialismului în colecția de cărți Kriterion-Hefte. Lucrarea de faţă, bazată pe teza de doctorat încă nepublicată a autoarei, își propune să evidențieze imaginea socialismului reflectată în colecția Kriterion-Hefte, publicată de editura bucureșteană Kriterion între anii 1980 și 1984. După o scurtă prezentare a seriei, lucrarea abordează cadrul istoric în care Kriterion-Hefte a fost publicată și oferă o privire asupra imaginii socialismului în percepţia celor nouă autori ai acestei serii de douăsprezece cărți.
Cuvinte-cheie: socialism, editura Kriterion, Kriterion-Hefte, protocronism
DIE ENTWICKLUNG SUBSTANTIVISCHER KOMPOSITA IN DEN DEUTSCHSPRACHIGEN MÄRCHENTITELN DER GEBRÜDER GRIMM UND IN IHREN RUMÄNISCHEN ÜBERSETZUNGEN
Authors: SZÉLL Anita-Andreea , DONȚU Romina-Elena
Published: September 2021

The Evolution of the Compound Nouns in German Titles of Some of the Tales by the Brothers Grimm and in Their Romanian Translations. The titles of the tales written by the Brothers Grimm have suffered a number of changes throughout the years. The evolution of these titles shows the fact that there was a growing need for understanding them, the Brothers Grimm thus introducing compound nouns in many of their titles. This phenomenon can be seen even in Romanian translations; the titles have been translated differently because of these compound nouns, which are atypical for the Romanian language. The difficulty of translating these titles has led to the use of two distinct translation methods, the adaptive one and the transfer one. The current article will explore these modifications in the case of selected titles with the purpose of establishing the most explicit title in German and also the best translation of a title in Romanian.
REZUMAT. Evoluția substantivelor compuse în titlurile germane ale unor povești de Frații Grimm și traducerea lor în limba română. Titlurile poveștilor Fraților Grimm au suferit de-a lungul timpului mai multe schimbări. Evoluția acestor titluri arată faptul că a fost o nevoie tot mai mare de schimbare în înțelegerea și redarea acestora, Frații Grimm introducând ulterior în multe dintre titluri substantive compuse. Acest fenomen se poate vedea chiar și în traducerile în limba română; titlurile au fost traduse diferit din cauza acestor substantive compuse, care nu sunt tipice pentru limba română. Dificultatea de a traduce aceste titluri a condus la încercarea de a utiliza două metode distincte de traducere, cea de transfer și cea adaptivă. Lucrarea de față va aborda aceste modificări în cazul anumitor titluri cu scopul de a stabili titlul cel mai eclatant în germană și totodată cea mai reușită traducere a unui titlu în română.
Cuvinte-cheie: Frații Grimm, dezvoltarea titlurilor, substantive compuse, istoric, metode de traducere
GAMERSPRACHE UND NETZJARGON AUS SOZIOLINGUISTISCHER PERSPEKTIVE. LISTE VON ÜBLICHEN ABKÜRZUNGEN
Authors: CODARCEA Emilia
Published: September 2021

Gaming Language and Gamer Slang from a Sociolinguistic Perspective. A List of Common Abbreviations. The development of technology, online communication platforms and digital programs plays an important role in the dynamics of language evolution and influences the correctness and complexity of written and oral communication. Computer games and gaming slang, due to its broad usage by mostly teenagers and young adults, influence the choice of vocabulary, phrasing, sentence structure and style in various communicative situations and forms. This paper describes the characteristics of computer games and online slang from a sociolinguistic perspective and discusses their influence on language maintenance and evolution, such as, for instance, the tendency toward language economy, the use of Anglicisms and Americanisms, abbreviations, emoticons, elliptic structures, orthography, lexical and grammatical structures, illustrated in the practical section via a list of commonly used terms and abbreviations. The purpose of the article is to provide a critical view on language dynamics, the positive and negative impact of the newer linguistic trends, as well as some considerations on how language evolution and cultivation can be harmoniously combined, from a didactic and linguistic viewpoint, in the research, teaching and study of the German language.
REZUMAT. Limbajul din jocurile online și jargonul jucătorilor din perspectivă sociolingvistică. Listă de abrevieri uzuale. Dezvoltarea tehnologică a platformelor de comunicare online și a programelor eletronice joacă un rol important în dinamica evoluției limbii și influențează corectitudinea și complexitatea comunicării scrise și orale. Jocurile de calculator și jargonul jucătorilor, folosite în special de adolescenți și tineri, influențează vocabularul ales, formulările, structura propoziției, stilul folosit în diferite situații și forme de comunicare. Prezenta lucrare descrie caracteristicile jocurilor de calculator și jargonul online din perspectivă sociolingvistică și problematizează influența acestora asupra îngrijirii și evoluției limbii – de exemplu, aspecte precum tendința spre economia exprimării, folosirea anglicismelor și americanismelor, abrevierilor, pictogramelor, structurilor eliptice, lexicale și gramaticale, a ortografiei, ilustrate în secţiunea practică printr-o listă a celor mai frecvente abrevieri și expresii. Scopul lucrării este de a oferi o privire critică asupra dinamicii limbii, a impactului pozitiv și negativ al noilor curente lingvistice, precum și considerații asupra modului în care evoluția și cultura limbii pot fi îmbinate armonios, din punct de vedere didactic și lingvistic, în cercetarea, predarea și învățarea limbii germane.
Cuvinte-cheie: dinamica limbii, jocuri de calculator, jargon, sociolingvistică, comunicarea online, anglicisme, tineret
EPIDEMIC AS METAPHOR: THE ALLEGORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF EPIDEMIC ACCOUNTS IN LITERATURE
Authors: HASSOON Mohammed Naser
Published: September 2021

Epidemic as Metaphor: The Allegorical Significance of Epidemic Accounts in Literature. Our paper searches for those common elements in selected literary representations of the plagues that have affected humanity. As a theoretical framework for our research, we have considered the contributions of Peta Michell, who equals pandemic with contagion and sees it as a metaphor; Susan Sontag views illness as a punishment or a sign, the subject of a metaphorization. Christa Jansohn sees the pest as a metaphor for an extreme form of collective calamity. For René Girard, the medical plague is a metaphor for the social plague, and Gilles Deleuze thinks that fabulation is a “health enterprise.” From the vast library of the pandemic, we have selected examples from Antiquity to the 19th century: Thucydides, Lucretius, Boccaccio, Daniel Defoe, Mary Shelley, Edgar Allan Poe, and Jack London. For Camus, the plague is an allegory of evil, oppression and war. Our paper explores the lessons learned from these texts, irrespective of their degree of factuality or fictionality, pointing out how the plague is used metaphorically and allegorically to reveal a more profound truth about different societies and humanity.
REZUMAT. Epidemia ca metaforă: semnificaţia alegorică a relatării epidemiilor în literatură. Lucrarea noastră caută acele elemente comune în reprezentări literare selectate ale epidemiilor care au afectat omenirea. Drept cadru teoretic pentru cercetarea noastră, am luat în considerare contribuțiile lui Peta Michell, care echivalează pandemia cu contagiunea și o vede ca pe o metaforă; Susan Sontag consideră boala ca fiind o pedeapsă sau un semn, subiectul unei metaforizări. Christa Jansohn vede epidemia ca metaforă a unei forme extreme de calamitate colectivă. Pentru René Girard, ciuma medicală este o metaforă a ciumei sociale, iar Gilles Deleuze crede că fabulația este o „întreprindere de sănătate”. Din vasta bibliotecă a pandemiei, am selectat exemple din Antichitate până în secolul al XIX-lea: Tucidide, Lucrețiu, Boccaccio, Daniel Defoe, Mary Shelley, Edgar Allan Poe și Jack London. Pentru Camus, ciuma este o alegorie a răului, a asupririi și a războiului. Lucrarea noastră explorează lecțiile învățate din aceste texte, indiferent de gradul de factualitate sau ficționalitate, subliniind modul în care pandemia este utilizată metaforic și alegoric pentru a dezvălui un adevăr mai profund despre diferite societăți și umanitate.
Cuvinte-cheie: epidemie, ciumă, Decameronul (Boccaccio), Jurnal din anul ciumei (Daniel Defoe), Regele ciumă (Edgar Allan Poe), Ultimul om (Mary Shelley), Despre natura lucrurilor (Lucretius), Ciuma (Albert Camus), Ciuma stacojie (Jack London), Războiul Peloponesiac (Tucidide)
PREMISAS CONSTRUCTIVAS DEL SENTIDO Y DE LOS MUNDOS EXPLICATIVOS EN LOS AFORISMOS DE LUCIAN BLAGA
Authors: PAȘCALĂU Cristian
Published: September 2021

Constructive Prerequisites for Sense and Explanatory Worlds in Lucian Blagaʼs Aphorisms. The main purpose of this study is to tackle Lucian Blagaʼs aphorisms by emphasizing the generative strategies involved in the construction of both philosophical or poetic sense and explanatory worlds. If we are to integrate aphorisms within the typological frame of texts, according to Mircea Borcilăʼs proposals, it will be imperative to take into account both their formal peculiarities and, much more importantly, the elements that converge towards their sense creation. In connection with Eugenio Coseriuʼs universes of discourse theory, Blagaʼs aphorisms project two different levels of sense and typological finalities, namely the level of philosophical thought, which underlies the apophantic logos, and the level of creative phantasy, which underlies the poetic logos. However, as we talk about a special prototype of text, we are able to grasp a mixture of universes of discourse and, implicitly, of both their corresponding finalities and strategies through which philosophical or poetic sense is generated. In theory, the hybrid form of some aphorisms reveals their synthetic nature, which coagulates two complementary zones of auctorial consciousness within the same level of discourse, undoubtedly interconnecting creative imprints.
REZUMAT. Premise constructive de sens și lumi explicative în aforismele lui Lucian Blaga. Obiectivul studiului este de a investiga aforismele lui Lucian Blaga, sub raportul evidențierii strategiilor generatoare de sens filosofic sau poetic și, implicit, de lumi explicative. Încadrarea aforismului într-o tipologie textuală, în conformitate cu teoria lui Mircea Borcilă, trebuie să țină seama atât de particularitățile formale ale aforismului, cât și, mult mai important, de elementele care concură la creația de sens. Raportate la teoria universurilor de discurs, elaborată de lingvistul Eugeniu Coșeriu, aforismele blagiene se înscriu, ca finalitate tipologică, în două planuri de sens radical diferite: planul cugetării filosofice, specific logosului apofantic, respectiv planul fanteziei creatoare, specific logosului poetic. Întrucât discutăm de un prototip textual aparte, putem identifica, în cadrul unor aforisme analizate, inclusiv o interferență a universurilor discursive, deci, implicit, a finalităților corespunzătoare acestora și a strategiilor generatoare de sens filosofic sau poetic. În principiu, forma hibridă a acestor aforisme dă seama de caracterul lor sintetic, care ilustrează coagularea a două zone complementare de conștiință auctorială în același plan discursiv, cu indubitabile amprente creative interconectate.
Cuvinte-cheie: limbaj, creativitate lingvistică, univers de discurs, sens filosofic, sens poetic, lumi explicative, metaforă, aforism
Entre dos mundos: Generaciones, identidades y disputas culturales de la comunidad boliviana de Quilmes (1980-2016)
Authors: Cardonetti Stefania
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo se propone indagar, mediante el ritual conocido como “Danza de los Caporales”, en un conjunto de procesos de significación y resignificación de la identidad cultural boliviana en la Argentina y específicamente en la ciudad de Quilmes, con el fin de aprehender y comprender las complejidades de la interacción entre culturas vernáculas e identidad nacional que se disputan en el escenario público de una sociedad impactada por procesos migratorios de diferente origen. Proponemos explorar las relaciones entre procesos de movilidad social y económica de la comunidad migrante y ocupación de espacios simbólicos de poder cultural, y analizar el uso, significación y resignificación de prácticas culturales en distintas generaciones de un grupo inmigrante.
La Asignación Universal por Hijo y las trayectorias escolares de jóvenes migrantes bolivianos. Estudio de casos en el periurbano hortícola platense
Authors: Morzilli Melina
Published: September 2021

Este trabajo se propuso dar cuenta de la incidencia de la Asignación Universal por Hijo en las trayectorias escolares de jóvenes de hogares migrantes bolivianos dedicados a la horticultura, que se encuentran en situaciones de vulnerabilidad económica, social y educativa. Se señalaron las trayectorias escolares y socio-productivas de los/las jóvenes seleccionados/as, y se dio cuenta de las asistencias y del rendimiento escolar de dichos/as alumnos/as y su vinculación con la AUH. Se realizó un estudio de casos situado en el periurbano hortícola platense con una cohorte que va de 2011 a 2017, ya que allí se ubica una escuela media pública, en la que un porcentaje relevante de los/as alumnos/as son migrantes o hijos/as de bolivianos/as y perceptores/as de la AUH. La metodología fue de carácter cualitativo. Se complementó con una de carácter cuantitativo. Las técnicas que se utilizaron para la recolección/co-construcción de datos fueron entrevistas en profundidad y observación etnográfica, como también se recurrió a archivos estadísticos de la Escuela. Se concluyó que la AUH incidió positivamente sobre las trayectorias pues mejoró la inclusión educativa de estos/as jóvenes alumnos/as.
La ciudadanía en disputa: La colectividad alemana ante el Estado argentino entre fines del XIX y principios del XX
Authors: Schierenbeck Tomás
Published: September 2021

Reseña de: Benjamin Bryce (2019). Ser de Buenos Aires: alemanes, argentinos y el surgimiento de una sociedad plural 1880-1930. Buenos Aires: Editorial Biblos. 336 páginas
Water mites from West Africa (Acari: Hydrachnidia)
Authors: Smit Harry
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Ten new species of water mites are described from Ghana, i.e. Limnesia (Limnesia) stagnalis n. sp. (Limnesiidae), Hygrobatopsis (?) convexipalpis n. sp., Hygrobatopsis (Hygrobatopsis) pauciglandulosa n. sp., Hygrobates (Hygrobates) dentipalpis n. sp., Hygrobates (Hygrobates) pseudoniloticus n. sp. (Hygrobatidae), Neumania (Soarella) fusiformis n. sp., Neumania (Soarella) ghanaensis n. sp., Unionicola heversi n. sp. (Unionicolidae), Arrenurus (Megaluracarus) chutteri ankasa n. sp. and Arrenurus (Micruracarus) circulodorsalis n. sp. (Arrenuridae). Three subspecies are raised to full species, i.e. Mamersa expansa Cook, 1979 nov. stat. (Hydryphantidae), H. coriaceus (Lundblad, 1952) nov. stat. (Hygrobatidae) and Nyangalla (Ecpolopella) acuticaudata K. Viets, 1916 nov. stat. (Unionicolidae). Ecpolus dorsofenestratus Lundblad, 1949 is synonymized with Neumania (Alloneumania) marginata (K. Viets, 1916). The adults of Hygrobatopsis (Hygrobatopsella) inflatus (K. Viets, 1925), a species know thus far as deutonymph only, the females of Tubophora limnesioides Walter, 1935, Hygrobates niloticus Walter, 1922, Arrenurus (Megaluracarus) geniculatus Koenike 1898 and Momonides ghanaensis Smit, 2012, and the male of Piona damasiella Cook, 1966 are described for the first time. Many new records are presented for Ghana and the Gambia.