bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis on Current Management of Covid-19 Infectious Waste from Self-Isolation Patient towards New Habit Adaptation Era in Indonesia: A Case Study of Sumatera Island
Authors: Raharjo Slamet , Wulandari Suci , Polii Adelin Flowerina , Khair Hafizhul , Darnas Yeggi
Published: June 2022

In preparation for a new habit adaptation era, Covid-19 infectious waste of self-isolation (SI) patient at home may become a concern in Indonesia. Therefore, the current study evaluates the implementation of the infectious waste management of SI patients (households) in Padang, Medan and Banda Aceh City, Sumatera, through online questionnaires and in-depth interviews. SWOT analysis identifies strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the current condition for developing strategies and sustainable programs. Despite the national circular letter instructing the management of the Covid-19 infectious waste from SI patients having been issued, waste management is still not implemented properly. It is likely that most of the Covid-19 infectious wastes from SI patients mix with other household waste and move to the municipal landfill. A lack of concern from the government and society could be the main cause. This creates subsequent problems, such as facility and personnel shortages, lack of coordination, poor campaigns, etc., finally resulting in the low awareness and participation of society. The local government could build partnership with a third-party company and seek assistance of national and international institutions. To ensure sustainability, the Indonesian government must establish an integrated monitoring system to evaluate the program implementation at various levels.
Measuring the inequalities in healthcare resource in facility and workforce: A longitudinal study in a municipal city of China
Authors: Dong Enhong , Sun Xiaoting , Xu Ting , Wang Tao , Zhang Lufa , Gao Wei min
Published: June 2022

BackgroundPrevious literature has proved that the uneven distribution of healthcare resources leads to growing inequalities between the rich and the poor with respect to wellbeing and health outcomes. Reducing inequalities in healthcare resource will eliminate avoidable disparities caused by differences in geographic location, or by avoidable segmented areas in the opportunity of having adequate access to healthcare, enjoying life and pursuing one's life plans. The study, by integrating traditional methods with spatial statistics, aimed to measure time trends of inequalities in the geographical distribution of health facility and workforce ,and to detect the priority areas to optimize health resource reallocation in Shanghai, China from 2010 to 2016.MethodsThe study used secondary data from Shanghai health Statistical Yearbook and Shanghai Statistical Yearbook from 2010 to 2016. Five indicators on health resources, including the numbers of health institutions, beds, technicians, doctors and nurses were employed to quantitatively measure the healthcare resource in Shanghai. Theil index was calculated to estimate the global geographic inequalities of these resources in Shanghai. Global and local spatial autocorrelations were performed to calculate the Moran’s indices to illustrate the spatial changing patterns and identify the priority areas for healthcare resource allocation.ResultsShanghai’s healthcare resources showed generally decreasing trends of inequalities from 2010 to 2016. However, there still existed an unchanged over-concentrated distribution in healthcare facility and workforce density among different districts in Shanghai. There was a significant spatial autocorrelation in the density distribution of all resources, and some priority areas were identified for resources re-allocation policy planning.ConclusionThe findings of the study demonstrated the effectiveness of the new health reform policy on reducing the inequality of the health resrouce allocation. However, more detailed area-specific healthcare resource allocation planning and policies are required to balance the workforce distribution at district level and institution distribution at rural level. Certain geographical areas (low-low and low-high cluster areas) should be considered as policy and collaboration priorities to realize health equality in Shanghai.
Exosomal circSTRBP from cancer cells accelerates gastric cancer progression via regulating miR-1294/miR-593-3p/E2F2 axis
Authors: Wang Yin , Zou Rong , Gao Xiankui , Lu Xingjun
Published: June 2022

Background
Much effort is underway to elucidate the molecular basis of gastric cancer (GC) and to identify predictive biomarkers. circRNAs represent the new non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that show abnormal expression within diverse cancers, such as GC. circSTRBP, for instance, is suggested to show overexpression within GC cells and tissues; however, the specific functions of this circSTRBP in cancer progression and the mechanisms involved have not been investigated.
Methods
circSTRBP levels within GC cells and tissues were measured by RT-qPCR. The stability of circSTRBP was assessed by actinomycin D and Ribonuclease R treatments. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis after knockdown of exosomal circSTRBP were analyzed through CCK-8 assay, transwell culture system, and tube formation assay. The interaction of circSTRBP with the predicted target miRNAs, miR-1294, miR-593-3p was evaluated by RNA immunoprecipitation chip and luciferase reporter assays. E2F2 expression was determined by western blot analysis. Moreover, this work established the xenograft tumor model for determining in vivo expression and functions of exosomal circSTRBP in gastric cancer.
Results
circSTRBP was upregulated in gastric cancer cells and tissues, and increased within GC cells-derived exosomes. circSTRBP in exosomes enhanced GC cell growth and migration in vitro, which could affect GC development through modulating E2F2 activity. Additionally, in a GC xenograft mouse model, exosomal circSTRBP was shown to promote tumor growth.
Conclusion
Exosomal circSTRBP shows critical biological effects and can modulate key pathways related to gastric cancer progression.
Is there role of lung surgery in initially unresectable non-small cell lung cancer after tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment?
Authors: Diong Nguk Chai , Liu Chia-Chuan , Shih Chih-Shiun , Wu Mau-Ching , Huang Chung-Jen , Hung Chen-Fang
Published: June 2022

Background: The role of lung surgery in initially unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment remains unclear. We aimed to assess the survival benefits of patients who underwent surgery for regressed or regrown tumors after receiving TKI treatment. Methods: The details of patients diagnosed with unresectable NSCLC treated with TKI followed by lung resection from 2010 to 2020 were retrieved from our database. The primary endpoint was three-year overall survival (OS), whereas the secondary endpoint was two-year progression-free survival (PFS), feasibility, and safety of pulmonary resection. Statistical tests used were Fisher’s exact test and Kaplan-Meier method.Results: Nineteen out of thirty-two patients were selected for the study. The patients underwent lung surgery after confirmed tumor regression (17 [89.5%]) and regrowth (2 [10.5%]). All the surgeries were performed through video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: 14 (73.7%) lobectomies and 5 (26.3%) sublobar resections after a median duration of five months of TKI. Two (10.5%) postoperation complications and no 30-day postoperation mortality were observed. The median follow-up postoperation was 22 months. The two-year PFS and three-year OS rates were 43.9% and 61.5%, respectively. Patients who underwent surgery for regressed disease showed a significantly longer three-year OS than for regrowth disease (75.0% vs 0.0%, p=0.00). TKI-adjuvant demonstrated a better two-year PFS than non-TKI adjuvant (70.1% vs 0.0%, p=0.02).Conclusion: Lung surgery after TKI treatment is feasible, safe, and prolongs survival by local control and directed consequential therapy. Lung surgery should be adopted in multimodality therapy for initially unresectable NSCLC.
Investigating the Quality of Life in Rural Areas of Tehran, Iran: Application of World Health Organization Standard Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF)
Authors: Ardestani Leila , Choobchian Shahla , Sadighi Hassan , Azadi Hossein
Published: June 2022

This research has been an attempt to study the Quality of Life (QoL) in rural regions of Tehran, which is one of the metropolises of Iran. This survey study applied a non-experimental method in rural regions of Tehran, i.e., the causal-correlational approach, which has studied the status of QoL and its relationship with general health and life satisfaction. The statistical population of the study included 61402 households. A multi-stage random sampling method was used for sampling (n=382). The findings revealed that among the four aspects of QoL, physical health (with an average of 3.62) had the highest rank. Furthermore, the psychological health, social relations, and environmental situation were in the second to fourth ranks, respectively, with an average of 3.37, 3.17, and 3.15. The results revealed that the total score of QoL in the range of 4-20 was equal to 13.31, and in the range of 0-100, it was 58.18. Therefore, the QoL in rural areas of the metropolis of Tehran is not desirable and needs urgent care. The results of this research can be used to prioritize policy-making and planning for rural development and the achievement of millennial goals.
Incidence and risk factors of infusion reactions in patients with breast cancer administered pertuzumab combination chemotherapy
Authors: Tabuchi Yusuke , Tsujimoto Masayuki , Yamamoto Kosuke , Kosaka Tadashi , Sakaguchi Koichi , Dobuchi Naoya , Nishiguchi Kohshi , Shikata Keisuke
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Pertuzumab (Per) is a humanized monoclonal antibody used in combination with trastuzumab (Tra) in the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer. The administration of biologics, such as Tra and Per, frequently causes infusion reactions (IRs) with fever and chills. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of and risk factors for IRs in Tra + Per combination therapy.
Methods
Between March 2013 and December 2019, 65 patients with breast cancer who started Tra + Per combination therapy were included in the study. The severity of IRs was graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0.
Results
The incidence of IRs in the Tra + Per combination therapy was 47.7% (31/65). The severity of IRs in the Tra + Per combination therapy was Grade 1 (9 patients) and Grade 2 (22 patients). Lymphocyte counts were significantly different between the IR and non-IR groups in patients receiving Tra + Per combination therapy (univariate analysis, p = 0.005; multivariate analysis, p = 0.029).
Conclusion
Our study indicates that the incidence of IRs in Tra + Per combination therapy is relatively high, the severity of IRs in most patients is moderate or less, and the risk of IRs is higher in patients with higher lymphocyte counts.
A Case Report of Curative Drugs for Abdominal Aortic Dissection Secondary to Retroperitoneal Fibrosis
Authors: Zhang Chao , Liu Yong , Ma Ning
Published: June 2022

Symptoms caused by squeezing ureters and abdominal vessels usually occurs after the onset of retroperitoneal fibrosis. We report a rare case of localized aortic dissection in a patient with retroperitoneal fibrosis. A 64-year-old man presented with intermitted abdominal pain was diagnosed with localized abdominal aortic dissection secondary to retroperitoneal fibrosis. After the treatment of the glucocorticoid and cyclophosphamide, both localized abdominal aortic dissection and retroperitoneal fibrosis disappeared. Imaging techniques such as ultrasound have played an important role in the diagnosis and follow-up. This is a very rare case of localized abdominal aortic dissection secondary to retroperitoneal fibrosis and then successfully cured only by the glucocorticoid and cyclophosphamide.
Research on deformation mechanism of egg-shaped shell in granular medium bulging
Authors: Huang Jiadong , sun zhiying , Shi Zhengxian , Zhang Jian , Wang Yao , Zhang Quanda
Published: June 2022

The design of pressure hull structure plays an essential role in the research and development of underwater operation equipment such as deep-sea submersibles. As a bionic structure, egg-shaped shell has apparent advantages in the application of an underwater pressure hull. Still, the egg-shaped shell is a positive Gauss surface, so it is difficult to control the manufacturing accuracy and quality. In this paper, the technology of solid particle flexible medium forming and the principle of high pressure bulging in tubes are proposed to manufacture high-precision egg-shaped shell parts. By optimizing the shape of the punch structure, optimizing the process parameters, improving the stress and strain distribution of the egg-shaped shell, analyzing the deformation mechanism in the bulging process, and mastering the deformation and quality control methods of the granular medium flexible bulging of non-equal curvature tubular structures.
Human Papillomavirus-driven repression of NRF2 signaling confers chemosensitivity and predicts prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ramesh Pushkal S. , Bovilla Venugopal R. , Swamy Vikas H. , Manoli Nandini N. , Dasegowda Krishnappa B. , Siddegowda Siddegowda M. , Chandrashekarappa Shilpa , Somasundara Vishveshwara M. , Devegowda Devanand , Thimmulappa Rajesh K.
Published: June 2022

Purpose
To investigate the role of NRF2 signaling in conferring superior prognosis in patients with HPV positive (HPV+ ve) head & neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) compared to HPV negative (HPV− ve) HNSCC and develop molecular markers for selection of HPV+ ve HNSCC patients for treatment de-escalation trials.
Methods
We compared NRF2 activity (NRF2, KEAP1, and NRF2-transcriptional targets), p16, and p53 levels between HPV+ ve HNSCC and HPV− ve HNSCC in prospective and retrospective tumor samples. Cancer cells were transfected with HPV E6/E7 plasmid to elucidate if HPV infection repress NRF2 activity and sensitize to an anticancer drug.
Results
Prospective analysis revealed a marked reduction in expression of NRF2, and its target antioxidant genes (NQO1, HMOX-1, GCLC, and GCLM) in HPV+ ve tumors compared to HPV− ve tumors. A retrospective analysis by IHC revealed significantly lower NQO1 in p16high tumors compared to p16low tumors and the NQO1 expression correlated negatively with p16 and positively with p53. Analysis of the TCGA database confirmed low constitutive NRF2 activity in HPV+ ve HNSCC compared to HPV− ve HNSCC and revealed that HPV+ ve HNSCC patients with ‘low NQO1’ expression showed better overall survival compared to HPV+ ve HNSCC patients with ‘high NQO1’ expression. Ectopic expression of HPV E6/E7 plasmid in cancer cells repressed constitutive NRF2 activity, increased KEAP1, reduced total GSH levels, and enhanced cytotoxic effects of cisplatin.
Conclusion
Low constitutive NRF2 activity contributes to better prognosis in patients with HPV+ ve HNSCC compared to HPV− ve HNSCC. Co-expression of p16high, NQO1low, and p53low could serve as a predictive biomarker for the selection of HPV+ ve HNSCC patients for de-escalation trials.
Improvement of body weight and nutritional status in gastric cancer patients enhances the efficacy of nivolumab therapy
Authors: Ikoma Tatsuki , Matsumoto Toshihiko , Kurioka Yusuke , Takatani Masahiro , Nagai Hiroki , Matsumoto Yusuke , Satake Hironaga , Yasui Hisateru
Published: June 2022

Background
Nivolumab improves the overall survival (OS) of patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) refractory to at least two previous chemotherapy regimens. Here, we investigated whether changes in body weight and nutrition from 1st -line chemotherapy to nivolumab could affect the efficacy of nivolumab.
Methods
We retrospectively examined patients with AGC treated with nivolumab between July 2016 and August 2020. This study examined the correlation between changes in body weight and nutritional status up to the start of nivolumab treatment, and the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) after the initiation of nivolumab treatment. Nutritional status was examined using the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR).
Results
Ninety-eight patients were enrolled. In our study, a loss in body weight (LBW) from the start of the first treatment of < 4.5% led to OS prolongation. The median OS in the LBW < 4.5% group and in the LBW ≥ 4.5% group was 11.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.6–14.3) and 3.6 (95%CI 2.2–5.1) months, respectively (hazard ratio [HR] 0.42; 95%CI 0.26–0.66; p < 0.001). Similarly, the change in CAR from first-line chemotherapy (ΔCAR) affected OS, and the ΔCAR < 0.01 group had a better prognosis than ΔCAR ≥ 0.01 group. The median OS in the ΔCAR < 0.01 group and in the ΔCAR ≥ 0.01 group was 9.4 (95%CI, 5.1–13.7) and 4.5 (95%CI 4.0–5.0) months, respectively (HR 0.59; 95%CI 0.37–0.93; p = 0.002). Moreover, the median OS in the group with both LBW < 4.5% and ΔCAR < 0.01 was 12.9 months (95%CI 6.8–19.0). Furthermore, the LBW < 4.5% group showed statistically significantly better PFS (median PFS 2.7 vs. 2.0 months; HR 0.63, 95%CI 0.42–0.94; p = 0.021).
Conclusion
Our study suggested that LBW and deterioration of nutritional status from the start of first-line chemotherapy are poor prognostic factors in AGC patients who received nivolumab as third- or later-line therapy. Early intervention to maintain body weight and nutritional status from the initiation of prior chemotherapy may improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Mathematical Analysis in the design of Digital Artery-Based V-Y Advancement flap in Treating Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Flexion Contracture
Authors: Su Po Han , Hsu Cheng-En , Ho Tsung-Yu , Wei Bor-han , Wang Wei-Chih , Chiu Yung-Cheng
Published: June 2022

Background: The digital artery-based V-Y advancement flap is a widely used flap for soft tissue coverage in the treatment of flexion contracture of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint. A standard method for the flap design and a mathematical method to predict the advance distance have not been well established. In this study, we proposed a simplified method for the design of V-Y advancement flaps based on digital arteries and used a geometric model to predict the advance distance for the flexion contracture correction surgery.Methods: According to the general concept of hand flap design and law of cosine, we proposed three principles in the design of the digital artery-based V-Y advancement flap that should be followed. Since 2021 to 2022, finger geometric data of 120 fingers (index, middle, ring, and small fingers) from 30 healthy participants were collected and analysed to evaluate the necessary advance distance and flap tip angle for PIP flexion contracture correction of different fingers by our flap design method.Results: The middle finger needed a significantly longer advance distance compared to other fingers in the same degree flexion contracture correction. The ring finger had the largest length-to width ratio and smallest flap tip angle among the four fingers in the V-Y flap design. No vertical scar crossed the flexion creases and flap tip angle <20° was found in the tentative V-Y flap design for the 120 fingers.Conclusions: Our flap design method provides a proper advance distance and flap length-to-width ratio without common skin complications in the flap design for PIP flexion contracture of index, middle, ring and small fingers. This geometric model provides a mathematical basis for prediction of advance distance and flap tip angle in the design of a digital artery-based V-Y advancement flap.
Preparation and optimization of photocatalytic polyacrylic acid/guar gum/TiO 2 hydrogels for absorption and removing of methylene blue under Visible and UV irradiation
Authors: Naserzade Seyyed Masud , Shahrousvand Mohsen , Mohammadi-Rovshandeh Jamshid , Basati Hojjat
Published: June 2022

Optimized polyacrylic acid/guar gum/Titanium dioxide (PAA/GG/TiO2) hydrogels were fabricated according to Design-Expert software. The intermolecular structures of the hydrogels and the presence of nanoparticles were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). To achieve dye absorption rate, kinetic models such as pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion (Weber-Morris), had been investigated in visible light and UV radiation at an initial concentration of MB 20 (ppm) for one day. Diagrams of absorption isotherms in visible light and UV irradiation at 20-60 (ppm) concentrations were evaluated based on the models of Freundlich, Langmuir (Hanes-Woolf), Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevic. The hydrogel containing crosslinker (4 mol %), TiO2 (5 wt %), guar gum (2 wt %), and into the alkaline medium (pH=8) was selected as superlative optimal status. The sample was examined for mapping of x-ray energy diffraction (EDS) according to different elements densities of various circumstances to show the degradation or absorption of methylene blue. The results showed that the prepared hydrogels have a good efficiency for removing cationic contaminants from the aqueous medium and this property is intensified by UV radiation.
Propagation Delay in Bitcoin Networks: Issues and Countermeasures
Authors: Tarmissi Khaled , Shalan Atef , Shahrani Abdullah Al , Alsulamy Rayan , Alotaibi Saud S. , Al-Shareef Sarah
Published: June 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Sign Language Gesture Recognition from Spatio-temporal Features
Authors: Rajput Rajesh Singh , Purushothaman Anurenjan , S. Jeena R. , Manu Chippy M , G Sreeni K.
Published: June 2022

Sign Language is the primary mode of communication for the hearing impaired community and between the community and the outside world. This paper proposes a vision-based sign language gesture recognition model to identify the sign gesture (word) from a hand gesture video. The proposed model consists of three modules: Pre-processing, Convolutional Neural Network, Recurrent Neural Network. Pre-processing module is used to extract the frames, segment the region of interest, and convert them into a grayscale image. Convolutional Neural Network is used to extract the spatial features for each frame and each video is represented by a sequence of spatial features. Recurrent Neural Network recognizes the gestures based on spatio-temporal relation in the sequence of features. The evaluation of the proposed model is done on two different datasets. With Argentinian Sign Language (LSA 64), the model is able to achieve an accuracy of 100%. The model achieved an accuracy of 97.70% with the data set: Indian Sign Language (ISL) for Emergency Situations.
NanoSTR: A Method for Detection of Target Short Tandem Repeats Based on Nanopore Sequencing Data
Authors: Lang Jidong , Xu Zhihua , Wang Yue , Sun Jiguo , Yang Zhi
Published: June 2022

Background: Short tandem repeats (STRs) are widely present in the human genome. Studies have confirmed that STRs are associated with more than 30 diseases, and they have also been used in forensic identification and paternity testing. However, there are few methods for STR detection based on nanopore sequencing due to the challenges posed by the sequencing principles and the data characteristics of nanopore sequencing.Results: We developed NanoSTR for detection of target STR loci based on the length-number-rank (LNR) information of reads. NanoSTR can be used for STR detection and genotyping based on long-read data from nanopore sequencing with improved accuracy and efficiency compared with other existing methods, such as Tandem-Genotypes and TRiCoLOR. NanoSTR showed 100% concordance with the expected genotypes using error-free simulated data. Besides, NanoSTR also showed 86.36% and 73.48% concordance using the standard samples 9948 and 2800M with MinION sequencing platform, respectively. Meanwhile, the concordance with Qnome-3841 sequencing platform were 71.97% and 53.03%, respectively.Conclusions: NanoSTR showed high performance for detection of target STR markers. Although NanoSTR needs further optimization and development, it is useful as an analytical method for the detection of STR loci by nanopore sequencing. This method adds to the toolbox for nanopore-based STR analysis and expands the applications of nanopore sequencing in scientific research and clinical scenarios.
Mutant p53-driven lncRNA LINC00857 promotes pancreatic cancer metastasis through OTUB1- mediated FOXM1 deubiquitination
Authors: Zhang Weifan , Qian Weikun , Gu Jingtao , Gong Mengyuan , Zhang Wunai , Zhang Simei , Zhou Cancan , Jiang Jie , Han Liang , Wu Zheng , Ma Qingyong , Wang Zheng
Published: June 2022

Background
p53 mutations are considered to be the second most common type of mutation in PC, and significantly promote its metastasis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms, especially the regulatory relationship with long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) remain unclear.
Methods
Based on TCGA and GTEx databases and integrating bioinformatics analyses, the overexpression of lncRNA LINC00857 in PC tissues was detected and further validated in a cohort of PC tissues. The effects of LINC00857 on EMT, migration and invasion were determined by in vitro and in vivo experiments. RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were carried out to reveal the interaction between LINC00857 and FOXM1, OTUB1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and Luciferase reporter assay were used to evaluate the regulatory effect of mutant p53 on LINC00857.
Results
lncRNA LINC00857 exhibited a significantly elevated level in PC and was involved in poor prognosis, and its expression was significantly upregulated in the p53 mutant group compared with the p53 wild-type group. Moreover, LINC00857 remarkably suppressed tumour metastasis in vitro and in vivo in a FOXM1 dependent manner. Mechanistically, LINC00857 simultaneously bound to FOXM1 and the deubiquitinase OTUB1, serving as a protein scaffold to enhance the interaction between FOXM1 and OTUB1, which inhibited FOXM1 degradation through the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Interestingly, we found that mutant p53 promoted the transcription of LINC00857 by binding to its promoter region. Finally, atorvastatin, a commonly applied lipid-lowering drug in the clinic, was suggested to inhibit PC metastasis by inhibiting the mutant p53-LINC00857 axis.
Conclusions
Taken together, our results uncovered new insights into the biology driving PC metastasis and indicated that the mutant p53-LINC00857 axis might serve as a novel therapeutic target for PC metastasis.
Was verstehen Studierende unter Erklärvideos?
Authors: Wehage Heike
Published: June 2022

Der Begriff «Erklärvideo» wird sowohl in der Praxis als auch in der Forschung oft mehrdeutig verwendet und variiert je nach Perspektive der Nutzenden und Forschenden. Dieser Beitrag richtet den Blick auf Konzepte und Attribute von Erklärvideos aus der Perspektive der Nutzenden. Mithilfe einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse von Antworten im Rahmen einer Online-Befragung zur Erklärvideonutzung an der TU Braunschweig von 113 Studierenden, v. a. des Lehramts, wurden deren Verständnis des Begriffs «Erklärvideo» sowie individuelle Bewertungskriterien herausgearbeitet. Im Kern verstehen die befragten Studierenden unter Erklärvideos kurze, verständliche und mit Visualisierungen arbeitende Videos, die eine Vermittlungsabsicht verfolgen und dazu einen komplexen Gegenstand sprachlich und inhaltlich so aufbereiten, dass er von den Nutzenden ohne viel Vorwissen verstanden werden kann. Trotz Ähnlichkeiten in den Konzepten der Teilnehmenden konnte kein einheitliches Begriffsverständnis konstatiert werden. In den Äusserungen wurden vor allem Erwartungen an Erklärvideos hinsichtlich des Inhalts bzw. dessen Zuschnitts, der Ästhetik, der Erklärung, des Gelingens der Vermittlung und der Dauer formuliert. Allerdings gewichten die Studierenden die genannten Aspekte unterschiedlich und verwenden Erklärvideos sowohl zu unterschiedlichen Zwecken als auch zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten in ihrem Lernprozess.
Clinical and statistical analysis of predictors oflethal outcomes in tuberculosis patients treated in medical units of the Russian Federal penitentiary system
Authors: Vostroknutov M. E. , Sterlikov S. A. , Kudrina V. G. , Popova N. M.
Published: June 2022

The objective: to determine risk factors of lethal outcomes (predictors) in tuberculosis patients treated with chemotherapy regimens I, II, III during conﬁnement in the Russian penitentiary system.

Subjects and Methods: data on 6,069 patients registered for treatment in 2019 and 2020 were studied. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.

Results. The following factors were found to have eﬀect on mortality: age (aOR = 1.05; 95% CI 1.03-1.06), multiple localizations of tuberculosis (aOR = 11.08; 95% CI 5.12-24.20), concurrent HIV infection (aOR = 9.13; 95% CI 6.90-12.24), and positive sputum microscopy at registration (aOR = 5.18; 95% CI 3.93-6.81). The patient gender was found to have no eﬀect (OR = 0.9; 95% CI 0.4-1.9; p = 1).
Comparative analysis of eﬃcacy and safety of various anti-tuberculosis therapy regimens in patients with MDR/XDR tuberculosis
Authors: Myshkova E. P. , Petrenko T. I. , Kolpakova T. A.
Published: June 2022

The objective: to evaluate the eﬃcacy and safety of various anti-tuberculosis therapy regimens for multiple drug resistant (MDR) and extensive drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in the intensive phase of treatment lasting for 8 months minimum.

Subjects and Methods. A single-center cohort prospective-retrospective clinical study was conducted, which included 166 patients aged 18 to 70 years with active pulmonary tuberculosis and proven MDR of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, who received chemotherapy according to regimens IV and V. The treatment regimen of patients in Group I (n = 96) included modern anti-tuberculosis drugs (TBdrugs) – bedaquiline, linezolid, respiratory ﬂuoroquinolone (levoﬂoxacin, moxiﬂoxacin, sparﬂoxacin), cycloserine, pyrazinamide, and perchlozone at a dose of 8-10 mg/kg, 1 time per day after meals during the intensive phase of treatment, that was at least 8 months. Patients from Group II (n = 70) received a respiratory ﬂuoroquinolone (levoﬂoxacin, moxiﬂoxacin, sparﬂoxacin), aminoglycoside (amikacin), cycloserine, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and prothionamide.

Results. After 3 months of treatment, symptoms of intoxication disappeared in 22 (81.5%) patients in Group I, and only 41 (61.2%) in Group II (p = 0.04; TTF). In patients of Group I versus Group II, the body temperature returned to normal within a shorter time: 2.8 and 4.3 weeks, respectively (p < 0.05). By the end of the intensive phase of treatment (8 months), sputum conversion conﬁrmed by culture was observed more often in patients of Group I compared to Group II (85 and 80%, pχ2 = 0.003). Adverse events (AE) caused by TB drugs in Group I were observed signiﬁcantly more often versus Group II: gastroenterological adverse events (pχ2 = 0.05), cardiac adverse events (pTTP = 0.05), and endocrinological adverse events (pTTP = 0.05). Neurotoxic AEs tended to develop more often in Group I (pTTP = 0.06). Ototoxic AEs were more frequently observed in Group II where the treatment regimens included aminoglycosides (pχ2 = 0.05). To maintain adequate chemotherapy regimens IV or V over long-term treatment, MDR tuberculosis patients need continuous monitoring of AEs, intravenous administration of two or three TB drugs, and timely therapy to manage manifestations of AEs.
Analysis of frequency ofgenotypes and alleles of rs2227983 polymorphism of EGFR gene among patients with allergic bronchial asthma with various levels of control
Authors: Cherkashina I. I. , Nikulina S. Yu. , Averyanov A. B. , Kuznetsova E. Yu. , Nikolaeva L. V.
Published: June 2022

The objective: exploring the frequency of circulation of genotypes and alleles of rs2227983 polymorphism of EGFR gene among patients with allergic bronchial asthma with various levels of control.

Subjects and Methods. The study includes adult individuals (n = 396) divided into two groups: Group 1 (main) – individuals with allergic bronchial asthma (ABA), Group 2 is a control one. ABA Group consisted of 179individuals (118 women и 61 men) aged 37.4 ± 14.2 years. Control Group consisted of 217 individuals (110 women и 107 men) aged 30.0±9.1years. All subject included in ABA Group and Control Group underwent molecular genetic tests for rs2227983 polymorphism of EGFR gene using polymerase chain reaction.

Results. The comparison of distribution of gene EGFR genotypes showed statistically signiﬁcant predominance of genotype AGcarriers in the group of patients with ABA (48.6%), versus Control Group (36.9%); p < 0.05. Besides that, there is a predominance of number of carriers of heterozygote genotype АG of EGFR gene among patients with ABA (57.7%) with a controlled course of the disease versus Control Group (36.9%); p < 0.05. Also, it has been found out that rs2227983 genotype of EGFR gene was more frequent in women with controlled ABA (67.4%) compared to women from Control Group (32.7%); p < 0.05.

Conclusion. The results of the conducted study allowed analyzing the connection of single nucleotide rs2227983 polymorphism ofEGFR gene with ABA including various levels of control of the course of the disease. Genotype АG of single nucleotide polymorphism rs2227983 of EGFR gene increases the risk of developing ABA. Alongside this, АG genotype of EGFR gene is correlated with the controlled course of ABA.
La creatividad en estudiantes con TDAH y altas capacidades
Authors: Rincón Montoya María Angélica
Published: June 2022

El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) es una patología recurrente en el contexto escolar, la cual ha sido asociada a un bajo rendimiento académico y dificultades en la capacidad cognitiva. Sin embargo, en los últimos años, ha surgido un interés por estudiar otros factores que también parecen asociarse con este trastorno. Entre ellos, destacan la alta capacidad y la creatividad como componentes que en algunas ocasiones aparecen de forma conjunta con el TDAH. El objetivo de la presente revisión bibliográfica consiste en recopilar información teórica relacionada con la creatividad como factor que se articula con el TDAH y las altas capacidades. Para esto, se realizó la búsqueda de antecedentes investigativos, relacionados con esta temática en diferentes bases de datos, desde el año 2006 hasta el 2020. Los resultados de esta búsqueda indican que algunos de los niños con TDAH, presentan un coeficiente intelectual superior y un alto índice de creatividad, que puede verse alterado por los efectos del tratamiento farmacológico. Por ello, la mayoría de estas investigaciones sugiere la realización de otros estudios empíricos que soporten esta relación.
Presentación
Authors: Bernal Zuluaga Hernando Alberto
Published: June 2022

La revista de divulgación Poiésis publica la primera edición del año 2022, (no. 42). El editorial Una experiencia vital entra la ciencia y la filosofía fue escrito por el egresado del programa de psicología de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó y doctorando en psicología, Rubiel Alberto Chica Ríos, el cual se desempeña como director de salud mental y como director operativo de Canadian Human Rights International Organization (CHRIO), sede Medellín.
Barong Bali Performing Arts: A Study Case of Dance Motion Pattern
Authors: Limano Ferric
Published: June 2022

The research aimed to save the traditional Balinese Barong dance motion patterns and convert them into digital animation. Using the mask was a uniqueness and as one of the characteristics of the traditional dance. Some problems arose in today's global situation: the challenge of eroding local society cultures to be replaced by global cultures. Another factor was the new generation, who loved technology and digitization. The research showed how to make traditional art that had recommendations in new digital media 3D animation. This was necessary to increase interest for the new generation about traditional culture and the creation of digital archives that were easily accessible to learn and develop in this traditional culture. The method was applied qualitatively through approach practice-led research by making experimental data on the dance motion pattern of the head of Barong Bali. Then observations were made and described in animation science, resulting in an academic understanding of motion and 3D digital media production. The results of the research consist of Barong Bali motion pattern in 3D, descriptive explanation of movement patterns, and the process of creating 3D animation digital archives. All of this is expected as recommendations for ways to produce digital archives 3D Animation of another Indonesian traditional culture.
Respuestas comunitarias mediante productos vegetales ante problemas auditivos en población afrocolombiana rural superviviente de artefacto explosivo improvisado
Authors: Moreno Martínez Daisy Mariana , Urrego Mendoza Zulma Consuelo , Vásquez Londoño Carlos Alberto , Piñeros Cortés Germán
Published: June 2022

El municipio de Bojayá, Chocó, afronta las secuelas de la detonación de un artefacto explosivo improvisado sobre población civil afrocolombiana durante una masacre del año 2002. Los sobrevivientes reportan problemas físicos escasamente atendidos desde la biomedicina, entre los que sobresalen los problemas auditivos. Los saberes médicos tradicionales han sido desplegados desde los propios recursos comunitarios en busca de alivio, y han disminuido barreras de acceso al disfrute del derecho pleno a la salud en estas personas, habitantes en zonas con escasa infraestructura médica institucionalizada. Este estudio descriptivo se desarrolló con información obtenida en 2018 y 2019, a través de cinco fases sucesivas que combinaron técnicas de investigación cualitativas y cuantitativas: entrevistas estructuradas y valoraciones clínicas individuales, entrevistas libres individuales y conversatorios, observación participante sobre prácticas de herbolaria, verificación con sabedores locales y académicos sobre plantas útiles identificadas en los pasos anteriores, y revisión de literatura publicada sobre el tema. El dolor de oído fue el problema auditivo mas frecuente entres los sobrevivientes evaluados; se indagó por las plantas medicinales que la comunidad ha utilizado para su tratamiento. Se reconocieron cuatro plantas para el manejo del dolor de oído en la población abordada: chicoria o siempreviva (Tripogandra serrulata (Vahl) Handlos), ajo (Allium sativum L.), llantén (Plantago major L.), y orégano chocoano u oreganón (Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng.); Además, se describieron sus modos locales de uso, y se evidenció un mejor acceso a practicas de salud tradicionales que a servicios de salud institucionales. En conclusión, en contextos rurales afectados por conflictos armados, con pobre acceso a servicios de salud biomédicos institucionalizados, los conocimientos ancestrales en salud proporcionan el alivio de síntomas desatendidos, facilitando el disfrute del derecho a la salud; en una población con frecuentes síntomas auditivos fruto de violencia armada se evidenció a la herbolaria como recurso cultural útil y de fácil acceso empleado para el dolor de oído, en ausencia de otros. Ello debe tenerse en cuenta para el diseño de sistemas integrales de salud, que posibiliten el dialogo entre los saberes médicos ancestrales propios y los biomédicos institucionalizados, en beneficio de los pobladores rurales.
FASCÍCULO COMPLEMENTARIO XXVI: PRINCIPALES HOSPEDEROS Y ALGUNOS OTROS DATOS ECOLÓGICOS DE LAS ESPECIES DE VISCACEAE EN EL ESTADO DE QUERÉTARO
Authors:   Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Centro regional del Bajío, Rzedowski Jerzy , Calderón de Rzedowski Graciela
Published: June 2022

Durante muchos años las plantas hemiparásitas de árboles y arbustos, conocidas comúnmente en México como “muérdagos” o “injertos” se clasificaban como miembros de la familia Loranthaceae. A fines del siglo pasado (Cronquist, 1981), sin embargo, se mostró que en las Loranthaceae se acomadaban dos linajes diversos y en consecuencia quedó separado el conjunto de las Viscaceae, morfológicamente caracterizado por la ausencia de calículo en la base de la flor. Más recientemente aún (Soltis et al., 2005) se propuso a su vez colocar a las Viscaceae como parte de las Santalaceae. En espera de la definitiva confirmación de esta nueva disposición, se prefiere considerar ahora a las Viscaceae como grupo independiente. La familia está representada en México por tres géneros, de los cuales dos: Arceuthobium y Phoradendron se reconocen de Querétaro. La presente contribución tiene por objeto dar a conocer los principales hospederos de las 24 especies en cuestión, tal como se les ha observado en el estado de Querétaro y/o en comarcas aledañas. También se incluirá información conocida relativa a los intervalos altitudinales y comunidades vegetales en que pueden encontrarse estas plantas, así como la relativa a su ubicación geográfica más precisa, frecuencia y abundancia.
FASCÍCULO COMPLEMENTARIO XXIX: EL BOSQUE TROPICAL CADUCIFOLIO EN LA CUENCA LACUSTRE DE PÁTZCUARO (MICHOACÁN, MÉXICO)
Authors:   Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Centro regional del Bajío, Rzedowski Jerzy , Zamudio Sergio ,   Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Centro regional del Bajío, Calderón de Rzedowski Graciela ,   Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Centro regional del Bajío, Paizanni Anna ,   Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Centro regional del Bajío
Published: June 2022

Se registra la presencia de comunidades secundarias derivadas del bosque tropical caducifolio en la cuenca del Lago de Pátzcuaro, Michoacán. Se postula que este tipo de vegetación, que se distribuía ampliamente por debajo de los 2200 m de altitud antes de la formación de la cuenca endorreica, ya se ha extinguido en la región, y que algunas de las especies arbóreas fisonómicamente dominantes que lo formaban eran: Bursera cuneata, Cedrela dugesii, Euphorbia calyculata y Yucca filifera. Las áreas ocupadas en la actualidad por la vegetación secundaria derivada de este bosque, llamada “matorral subtropical” se ubican principalmente a lo largo de las riveras norte y oeste del lago e incluyen las islas, cubriendo una superficie aproximada de 38 km2, en una angosta franja altitudinal de 2040 a 2140 m. Los remanentes que aún persisten se encuentran fragmentados, fuertemente perturbados y en franca declinación, por lo que no parece haber condiciones propicias para la regeneración del bosque original.
FASCÍCULO COMPLEMENTARIO XXX: CATÁLOGO PRELIMINAR DE LAS ESPECIES DE ÁRBOLES SILVESTRES DE LA SIERRA MADRE ORIENTAL
Authors:   Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Centro regional del Bajío, Rzedowski Jerzy
Published: June 2022

A semejanza de varias otras comarcas de México, la Sierra Madre Oriental (SMOR) dista aún de ser apropiadamente explorada y estudiada en cuanto a su flora se refiere. La prueba más clara de ello es el hecho de que en los últimos 30 años se han dado a conocer tres géneros y cerca de 400 especies nuevas de plantas vasculares de esta región. Y muchas otras están en proceso de publicarse. Luna, Morrone y Espinosa se dieron a la ambiciosa tarea de integrar en una sola obra un gran conjunto de información relativa a la biota de la SMOR y como resultado quedó editado el libro intitulado "Biodiversidad de la Sierra Madre Oriental" (Luna et al., 2004), obra de mayor trascendencia no solo por su contenido, sino también por estar orientada a una región natural del país, enfoque que en general poco se ha empleado en la literatura biológica de México. En esta contribución, además de la integración de una lista de árboles conocidos de la parte más típica de la SMOR, se presenta también la correspondiente descripción del área. Con el propósito de ayudar a la identificación de las especies, a manera de apéndice se incluyen asimismo las ilustraciones de más de la mitad de los elementos numerados, mayormente recopiladas de la literatura y del internet.
An empirical study on the high-quality development efficiency of the urban economy in China
Authors:   Department of Business College, Guangdong Business and Technology University, Zhaoqing, China, Lin Jia-Zheng , Kim Hyung-Ho ,   Department of Air Transport and Logistics, Sehan University, Yeongam County, Korea
Published: June 2022

High-quality development has become a popular term to describe China's development. From the perspective of social hot issues and bibliometric analysis, this paper uses the method of SNA (Social Network Analysis) to sort out, dig and analyze the literature related to "high-quality development." The results show that there is a close relationship between "high-quality development," "high-quality economic development" and "high-quality urban economic development," which are the best answers to the questions of why high-quality development is important in China. This study, through literature review and analysis, clarifies the logical concept of the academic research on "high-quality development," which will provide reference and important guidance for further research on "high-quality development."
Пространственно-временные процессы в позиционно-чувствительном детекторе с подвижной вольт-амперной характеристикой
Authors: Подласкин Б.Г. , Гук Е.Г. , Оболенсков А.Г. , Сухарев А.А.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The paper considers the features of transient phenomena during output signal generation in position-sensitive detectors (PSD) with a moving current-voltage (I-V) characteristic. The dependence of the linear and exponential parts of the movement trajectory of the I-V characteristic on the magnitude of the voltage distributed over the resistive divider is studied. It is shown that optimizing the operating modes of the investigated PSDs in order to obtain maximum operation speed and maintain the specified resolution of the sensor requires maintaining a balance between the minimum of the applied voltage and the slope of the I-V characteristic in the aperture region.
Key words: position-sensing detector, moving current-voltage characteristic, operation speed.
Влияние параметров разрядной камеры на эффективность наработки озона импульсным коронным разрядом
Authors: Филатов И.Е. , Сурков Ю.С. , Кузнецов Д.Л.
Published: June 2022

The article discusses ways to increase the efficiency of ozone production in a coaxial chamber using a pulsed corona discharge. The effect of the discharge gap and the diameter of the potential electrode on the energy efficiency of ozone production using a pulsed corona discharge of negative polarity with a duration of 40 ns and a voltage of about 100 kV was investigated. It is shown that with an increase in the discharge gap, the productivity of the installation decreases, and the energy efficiency increases. The optimal diameter of the potential electrode has a value of about 0.64 mm. This information will be useful in the development of highly efficient ozonators and in optimizing the parameters of plasma chemical reactors for air purification by electro-discharge methods
Гетероструктуры InGaAlAs/InAlAs для электроабсорбционного модулятора
Authors: Гуляев Д.В. , Колосовский Д.А. , Дмитриев Д.В. , Гутаковский А.К. , Колосовский Е.А. , Журавлев К.С.
Published: June 2022

The structural and optical characteristics of heterostructures with InGaAlAs/InAlAs quantum wells, in which a quaternary alloy is obtained by alternating monolayer growth of InAlAs and InGaAs layers by molecular beam epitaxy, have been investigated. It has been shown that obtained heterostructures are promising for creation of electro-absorption modulators at a wavelength of 1.55 microns with extinction coefficient of more than 20 dB at a voltage of less than 4 V.