bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intimate Partner Violence and Mental Health Problems in Married Women in Rural Central India: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sathe Harshal S. , Maliye Chetna H. , Varma Poonam S. , Garg Bishan S. , Shahare Kalyani , Rathod Roshan
Published: October 2024

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant social issue affecting women in rural India, with deleterious consequences for their physical and mental health. The “mental health problems and psychosocial factors associated with IPV” is an under-researched topic in Central India. The cross-sectional observational descriptive study was part of a project aimed at strengthening the health sector response to gender-based violence. Eighty consenting women from 19 villages in a district in Central India, who acknowledged experiencing IPV, participated in the study. A predesigned and pretested sociodemographic questionnaire, the WHO multicountry women’s questionnaire, and self-report scales for depression, anxiety, stress, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were used to interview the women. The mean age of the respondents was 31.13 ± 6.96 years. The majority of the women (95%) experienced severe physical violence. In addition, a majority of these women simultaneously faced emotional abuse, whereas more than one-third suffered from sexual abuse from their partners. Self-reporting measures showed that nearly two-thirds of the participants had PTSD and moderate-to-severe depression and anxiety. A substantial number of study participants believed that IPV is a private matter for a couple and justified violence if the wife was unfaithful, disobedient, or neglectful of children and household duties. The under-reporting of IPV, presence of misconceptions, and high prevalence of associated mental health problems among IPV-affected women highlight the need for interventions tailored to the needs of battered women.
Candida Albicans Candidalysin ECE1 Gene − A Potent Virulence Factor for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders
Authors: Subramani Mani B. , Mahalakshmi Krishnan , Jaya Bharathy , Sankari Sankar Leena , Kumar Venkatesan N.
Published: October 2024

Background:

Candidalysin has been isolated initially from a pathogenic human fungus. The extent of cell elongation 1 (ECE1) gene codes for candidalysin of Candida albicans (C. albicans). This toxin is most important for epithelial immune activation, invasiveness and infection of the oral mucosa.

Aim:

This study is aimed at detecting the ECE1 gene in C. albicans isolates from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs).

Methods and Material:

A total of 60 C. albicans isolates from OSCC (n = 23), OPMDs (n = 23) and healthy subjects (n = 14) were subjected to a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of ECE1 gene. A high prevalence of the ECE1 gene was observed among the C. albicans isolates from OSCC and OPMD compared to the isolates from healthy subjects. Statistical significance was observed for both OSCC and OPMD groups compared to the healthy group.

Results and Conclusion:

The results suggest the significant role of candidalysin in oral oncogenesis. The high odds and risk ratio specify a strong association between candidalysin and these conditions. Screening this gene in a large number of isolates would further reinforce their role in oncogenesis. Future studies in characterizing their virulence on normal cell lines would clarify the importance of candidalysin in promoting oncogenesis.
Experience of using electroconvulsive therapy for bipolar disorder: A retrospective study from North India
Authors: Grover Sandeep , Sharma Namita , Chakrabarti Subho
Published: October 2024

Background:

Little information is available on response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) from India.

Aim:

This exploratory study aims to evaluate and compare the sociodemographic and clinical profiles, treatment outcomes of BD patients with depression and mania/mixed episode who received ECT and to evaluate the predictors of response to ECT.

Results:

Data of 278 BD patients who received 325 ECT courses were extracted from the ECT register. The number courses of ECT for bipolar depression (n = 202) exceeded those for mania/mixed episodes (n = 123). In terms of response to ECT, >75% response was achieved in 63.3% cases and >50% response was seen in about 90% of the patients. No significant difference was seen in response to ECTs between bipolar depression and mania/mixed episodes.

Conclusion:

The present study suggests that about two-thirds of the BD patients show more than 75% response to ECT, and more than 90% of the BD patients show more than 50% response to ECT.
Injury, substance abuse, verbal abuse, and emotional and behavioral issues among adolescents in Uttarakhand, India: A categorical principal component analysis of global school-based health survey
Authors: Kumari Ranjeeta , Dhamania Madhvi , Paul Sourabh , Singh Abhay , Singh Yogesh , Nath Bhola
Published: October 2024

Background:

Adolescents in low-middle-income countries face increasing physical and mental health challenges. The present study aimed to assess status of injury, verbal abuse, substance use, and emotional behavior of adolescents of Uttarakhand, India, and evaluate the importance of each component.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents in 13 government schools in Uttarakhand using the Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS). Categorical principal component analysis (CATPCA) using Varimax rotation was performed to analyze principal components among two domains of GSHS (substance abuse domain and verbal abuse and emotional behavior domain). Factorability was assessed using Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin and Bartlett’s test. Variance Accounted For index was used to evaluate the importance of each component.

Results:

A total of 634 adolescents completed the questionnaire. 41.3% students suffered from serious injury with a significant difference (P < 0.0001) between both genders. Girls were more likely to report having felt lonely most of the time or always in the past 12 months (11.0% vs 4.6%, P = 0.018). Boys were more likely to miss classes on 3 or more days (9.9% vs 4.9%, P = 0.043). Initiation of smoking cigarettes (9.6% vs 1.2%, P <0.0001) and tobacco chewing (3.4% vs 0.3%, P = 0.001) was more likely in 12–15-year-old boys. One-third of the students reported male guardians to use either alcohol or some form of tobacco. CATPCA yielded an 11-factor model accounting for 58.26% of variances with the most important principal component named “Tobacco (Smoking and Chewing): Initiation, Frequency and Attempt to Stop” (eigenvalue: 4.109).

Conclusion:

Significant differences in various items of injury, verbal abuse, substance use, and emotional behavior were recorded between boys and girls. CATPCA revealed patterns among injury, verbal abuse, emotional behavior, and substance abuse domains of GSHS by categorizing them into 11 components. On the basis of these patterns, prioritizing and development of appropriate school-based interventions may be implemented by various stakeholders of Uttarakhand.
Breaking barriers: Assessing the feasibility and acceptability of telemedicine-assisted buprenorphine induction for opioid use disorder in India
Authors: Ghosh Abhishek , Kale Akshayee , Laxmi Raj , Naik Shalini S. , Subodh BN , Basu Debasish
Published: October 2024

Background:

Telemedicine-assisted buprenorphine (BNX) induction (TABI) has the potential to reduce the treatment gap for opioid use disorder.

Aim:

This study investigated the acceptability and feasibility of TABI in India. This was a retrospective study from a specialized addiction treatment center in a teaching hospital.

Methods:

TABI was introduced in November 2022; patients enrolled till May 2023 were included in the analysis. Feasibility was assessed by the proportion of patients who completed the TABI program, continued treatment for at least 3 months, and self-reported nonprescription opioid use during and after TABI. Acceptability was measured by patient satisfaction with TABI.

Results:

Sixty patients were enrolled: Fifty-three patients (88.3%) were retained during the TABI program, and 50 patients (83.3%) remained in treatment at the 3-month follow-up. Thirty-five patients (58.3%) reported using nonprescription opioids during TABI, and 28 patients (46.7%) reported such use after completing the program. Thirty-five (58.3%) were satisfied with the program, and 15 (25%) said they would recommend it to others. Patients who missed scheduled in-person appointments (P < .001) at 1 week, did not return unused BNX-naloxone (P < .001), and were not satisfied (P = .004) were more likely to report nonprescription opioid use. Those who attended the in-person follow-up at 1 week (P = .004) and were satisfied (P = .01) and did not use nonprescription opioids either during (P = .003) or after (P < .001) TABI were more likely to be retained in treatment at 3 months.

Conclusion:

The study shows TABI’s acceptability and feasibility in a specialized addiction treatment setting; further research is needed for broader applicability.
Psychotic behavior in normal pressure hydrocephalus
Authors: Shankar Janani , Ramachandran Ramnarayan
Published: October 2024

Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) usually presents with progressive gait impairment, urinary incontinence, and cognitive deficits. Many studies have shown that NPH can mimic other disorders like Parkinson disease with tremors and rigidity. In this report, we present our experience with three patients who had psychotic behavior and were treated with psychiatric medications but were subsequently investigated and found to have NPH. After lumboperitoneal shunting, all the three became normal and were even able to stop the psychiatric medications completely. The message is that NPH can mimic a psychiatric disorder and awareness about this well treatable condition is important especially among the psychiatrists and geriatricians.
Addressing India’s alcohol misuse crisis: The urgent need for screening and brief intervention to bridge the healthcare gap
Authors: Ghosh Abhishek
Published: October 2024

India faces a significant challenge with alcohol misuse, as evidenced by the national survey revealing that 57 million out of 160 million persons with alcohol use exhibit harmful or dependent patterns, necessitating professional assistance. The Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health (2018) indicates a rising per capita alcohol consumption in the Southeast Asian Region, with India contributing substantially. To address this, implementing policies and programs to curb hazardous alcohol use is crucial. Despite a shortage of mental health professionals in India, they remain the primary caregivers for those with alcohol-related issues. Only one in five individuals with problematic alcohol use can access professional help. I argue for adopting Screening and Brief Intervention (SBI) to bridge this healthcare gap. SBI is a concise, structured counseling approach that proves effective and scalable. It can be delivered by various healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, counselors, and paramedics. Hence, it can be seamlessly integrated into primary care, emergency, and nonclinical settings. The efficacy of SBI extends to electronic formats, providing a scope of expansion through telehealth. The WHO advocates SBI by its SAFER initiative aimed at reducing negative alcohol-associated health and social consequences. SBI is effective across age groups, including adolescents and young adults, constituting most of India’s population. Emerging evidence suggests that SBI is acceptable, feasible, and effective in the Indian context. Universal or targeted SBI can be a pivotal tool in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (2030) and global commitments for noncommunicable diseases, fortifying efforts to prevent and treat alcohol misuse.
The effectiveness of day clinic treatment in adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder: Outcomes in Turkey
Authors: Kardaş Burcu , Kardaş Ömer , Memik Nursu Çakın
Published: October 2024

Background:

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) causes impairment in social and academic functionality. Intensive treatment methods such as day treatments are recommended in resistant cases.

Aims:

The aim of this study is to examine the changes in treatment responses according to gender in children and adolescents with OCD who are followed up in the day clinic and to evaluate the factors that predict treatment.

Methods:

Adolescents with OCD (n = 50) who were followed up in the day clinic between 2007 and 2021 were included in this study. Scales evaluating symptom severity and treatment responses were administered to the patients at admission and discharge.

Results:

The mean age of the adolescents included in the study was 14.24 (SD: 2.1). The mean length of stay in the day clinic was 8.3 (SD: 0.1) weeks. When the factors related to the treatment response were evaluated, a significant correlation was found between the length of stay in the day clinic and improvement.

Conclusions:

This study provides evidence for the importance of intensive treatment in adolescents experiencing severe OCD symptoms. Ensuring that intensive treatments such as day clinics become widespread and standardizing these treatments will provide important developments in the treatment of OCD.
The Potential Preventive Role of Dapagliflozin and Metformin Alone or in Combination on the Cisplatin-Induced Renal Damage in Adult Male Albino Rats
Authors: Hassan Walaa Abd El-Monem Mohamed , Hamama Mohamed G. , Mahdy Amal Abd El-Khalek , Amer Rabab M.
Published: October 2024

Background:

Chronic kidney disease is currently a worldwide health problem with rising incidence and poor outcomes. Cisplatin (CP) is an important platinum-based anticancer drug. However, nephrotoxicity is the main limiting adverse effect.

Aim:

The objective of this work was to compare the probable protective effect of dapagliflozin and metformin alone or in combination on CP-induced renal damage in adult male albino rats using a histological study.

Material and Methods:

A total of 60 adult male albino rats were used in this study. Rats were divided into five main groups: group I (control group), which included 15 rats that were divided into four subgroups: Subgroup Ia (negative control group), which included 5 rats that received no treatment for the same periods as the experimental animals. Subgroup Ib, which included 5 rats that received intraperitonial saline once a week for 4 weeks. Subgroup Ic (dapagliflozin group), which included 5 rats that received dapagliflozin (1 mg/kg/day) by nasogastric tube for 4 weeks. Subgroup Id (metformin group), which included 5 rats that received metformin (250 mg/kg/day) by nasogastric tube for 4 weeks. The experimental group included 40 rats and was divided into the following groups: Group II (CP group), which included 10 rats that received CP (9 mg/kg) intraperitoneally once a week for 4 weeks. Group III (CP + dapagliflozin treated group), which included 10 rats that received CP (9 mg/kg) intraperitoneally once a week + dapagliflozin (1 mg/kg/day) by gavage for 4 weeks. Group IV (CP + metformin-treated group), which included 10 rats that received CP (9 mg/kg) intraperitoneally once a week + metformin (250 mg/kg/day) by gavage for 4 weeks. Group V (CP + dapagliflozin + metformin-treated group), which included 10 rats that received CP, dapagliflozin, and metformin as the previous doses for 4 weeks. Kidney specimens were subjected to histological (light and electron microscopic examination). The data were analyzed statistically.

Results:

The current study of group II showed disturbed normal histological architecture of renal cortex structure but groups III and IV resulted in mild preservation of the normal histological architecture of the renal cortex. Group V showed complete preservation of normal histological architecture of the renal cortex.

Conclusion:

CP induced structural changes on the renal cortex of adult male albino rats. Most of these changes were prevented by the usage of dapagliflozin or metformin. While the combination of both drugs protected the renal cortex.
Expression of p63 and TTF1 in Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma with Special Reference to Mutation of EGFR and ALK in Adenocarcinoma of the Lung: An Institutional Experience
Authors: Biswal Tapan , Mohapatra Debahuti , Sahoo Nibedita , Panda Soumya S.
Published: October 2024

Background:

Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers accounting for 11.4% of all newly detected cancers leading to over 1.7 million deaths every year. As the majority of the tumors are unresectable, the newly developed treatment modalities including the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors have led to greater emphasis on histologic subtyping and biomarker status of these tumors.

Aim and Objectives:

To classify non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) concerning histomorphology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and further evaluation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and ALK rearrangement in adenocarcinoma with respect clinicopathological features as well as therapeutic response.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 126 cases of biopsy-proven NSCLC were selected. EGFR and ALK mutation analysis was performed in 48 and 44 cases, respectively.

Results:

Adenocarcinoma was the most common NSCLC (83.3%), which showed a higher positivity rate of TTF1 (94.9%) than Napsin A (85%) and p63 was expressed in 17.2% of cases. EGFR mutations were positive in 43.7% of cases, showing higher incidence in females and Grade II tumors. ALK mutation was positive in 6.8% of cases and was seen predominantly in females with a higher incidence of solid morphology tumors than EGFR mutations. One year follow-up of patients showed all ALK-positive tumors were highly responsive to targeted therapy even in high-grade tumors. Cases positive for EGFR mutations on Exon 19 and Exon 21 showed good response with TKIs.

Conclusion:

In the era of personalized medicine, the lung cancer classification strives on tumor cell morphology, IHC, and molecular analysis for optimal therapeutic management and prognosis.
Effect of Intranasal Administration of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Acute Demyelination in Mouse Corpus Callosum
Authors: Mohamed Nesma , Mekawy Mohamed Abd El Rahman Ahmed , Shaker Safaa Mohammed , Hamam Ghada Galal
Published: October 2024

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent disease often leading to both sensory and motor disabilities. The trans-nasal transport is a noninvasive approach that has recently garnered interest in managing several nervous system illnesses. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) possess a favorable influence on many neurodegenerative disorders.

Objective:

To test the ability of intranasal administration of ADMSCs to reach the brain and evaluate the potential defensive role of intranasally delivered ADMSCs on acute demyelination of corpus callosum in adult female mice.

Materials and Methods:

Mice were nourished with a cuprizone-rich food to establish a model of demyelination that mimics MS. After 4 weeks, mice were given PKH-26 labeled ADMSCs intranasally before they were sacrificed 1 day later, and the brain was examined by fluorescence microscope to ensure homing of stem cells. After 6 weeks, corpus callosum was collected and subjected to hematoxylin and eosin and Luxol fast blue. Motor function was also tested using a wire hang test.

Results:

Intranasally applied ADMSCs effectively reached the corpus callosum. In the cuprizone group, the corpus callosum revealed unpacked, disorganized, fragmented, and widely separated demyelinated nerve fibers. Administration of ADMSCs prevented myelin loss with a considerable rise in its area percentage. The score time of the wire hang test showed a considerable decline in the cuprizone group and a considerable rise in ADMSCs group.

Conclusion:

The trans-nasal route was an effective route for the delivery of ADMSCs to the corpus callosum. Administration of ADMSCs prevented demyelination and increased wire hang test score time.
Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: A 33-Year Retrospective Study with SEM Insight
Authors: Tamgadge Sandhya , Tamgadge Avinash , Pereira Treville , Mehta Hritika , More Divya
Published: October 2024

Objective:

This retrospective observational study aims to evaluate cases of adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOTs) from 1990 to 2023, including unique environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) features.

Study Design:

Cases of AOT were retrieved from the Oral Pathology department archives and evaluated retrospectively over a 33-year period (1990–2023). Data collected and analyzed included age, sex, occupation, location, clinical features, radiographic appearance, and histopathological characteristics. Additional analysis was performed using ESEM.

Results:

Among the 4 cases evaluated, a majority demonstrated female occurrence and were most located in the mandibular region. ESEM analysis revealed distinctive structural features of AOT.

Conclusion:

This long-term study confirms the female predilection of AOT and identifies the mandible as the most common site of occurrence. SEM findings provide novel insights into the tumor’s ultrastructure, potentially aiding in diagnosis and understanding of AOT pathogenesis.
Essential Thrombocytosis in a Postmenopausal Female a Rare Cause of Aquagenic Pruritus
Authors: Agrawal Prabhat , Garg Ruchika , Yadav Shiv Sagar , Panda Sandipta
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Essential thrombocytosis (ET) is a hematopoietic stem cell disorder in which the overproduction of platelets without a definable cause occurs. Its incidence is 1–2 per 100,000 population with female preponderance. These myeloproliferative disorders are associated with many dermatological manifestations such as pruritus and erythromelalgia. Here, we are reporting the case of a 61-year-old female with ET with aquagenic pruritus (AP), although AP is associated more with polycythemia vera.
Diagnostic Efficacy of Hysteroscopy and Its Use as a Therapeutic Aid in Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women – See and Treat
Authors: Latha Akkenapally Prasanna , Kamineni Vasundhara , Prabhu Jaligama Vishal
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim of this study was to study the therapeutic role of hysteroscopy in peri- and postmenopausal women in certain pathological conditions, where it can be done as a single-time procedure to diagnose and operate wherever needed and possible.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to measure the diagnostic accuracy of hysteroscopy and its therapeutic efficacy in peri- and postmenopausal women.

Introduction:

Hysteroscopy is one of the accurate diagnostic procedures in diagnosing the cause of peri- and postmenopausal bleeding (PMB). It can also be used to treat few benign conditions of peri- and PMB. Here, in our study, we tried to evaluate the accuracy of hysteroscopy in diagnosing the cause of peri- and PMB and its use in treating certain conditions of PMB.

Materials and Methods:

The study design is a prospective observational study; women with peri- and PMB were recruited for 1 year and followed for consecutive 3 years. Based on hysteroscopic findings and after confirming the histopathological examination report, women were treated. Women who did not need any further surgical procedures after operative hysteroscopy were followed for recurrence in benign conditions. Women with premalignant and malignant lesions underwent simple or radical hysterectomy soon after diagnosis.

Results:

A total of 71 women were enrolled in the study who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. There were 20 perimenopausal and 51 postmenopausal women, the mean age was 56.02 years. Most of the women presented with PMB (56.3%) or heavy menstrual bleeding (18.3%). Hysteroscopy has 83.34%, 100%, 100%, 98.46%, and 0.98% of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy, respectively, in diagnosing carcinomas. Out of 71 women, 58 were diagnosed with benign conditions, 6 had carcinoma, 7 had premalignant conditions, these 13 women with malignant or premalignant conditions underwent further surgical management as per protocol. 58 women who did not need any further surgical procedure, and hysteroscopy was sufficient to treat their condition were followed up for 3 consecutive years, 4 had recurrence of endometrial polyps, 6 had recurrence of bleeding and needed hysterectomy, thus in our study by means of hysteroscopy we could prevent hysterectomy in 67.7% of women with benign endometrial conditions.

Conclusion:

In conditions with benign endometrial polyps and fibroid polyps, hysteroscopy is very much useful for both diagnosis and treatment, which can be performed as a one-time procedure. Although this serves the purpose only in a small segment of women with peri- and PMB, it is needed in the prevention of unnecessary hysterectomies.
Influence of Clinical, Angiographic, and Developmental Characteristics and COVID-19 Severity and Vaccination Status on Young Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Vityala Yethindra , Palagudi Mahesh , Para Sneha , Meduri Krishna Chaitanya , Duvvuri Sai Praneeth , Manne Lakshmi Narasimha Sandeep , Garg Ruchika , Damineni Ujwala , Kanteti Krishna Priya
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of ischemic cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, approximately 20%–40% of cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients aged <50 years can be attributed to genetic factors, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a risk factor for blood clots and AMI. We aimed to describe the clinical, angiographic, and developmental characteristics and COVID-19 severity and vaccination status in patients aged ≤45 years with AMI.

Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed 2624 patients with AMI by reviewing the results of coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention and medical reports. The study included patients aged >18 years who met the universal definition of AMI but excluded those with missing medical records or coronary angiograms.

Results:

In total, 2624 patients with AMI (aged 18–85 years) were included in the study and divided into two groups based on age: ≤45 (n = 1286) and >45 years (n = 1338). Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in patients aged ≤45 years (5.6 ± 2.1 and 3.2 ± 2.1 mmol/L, respectively, P < 0.007) than in those aged >45 years (6.3 ± 1.8 and 3.1 ± 2.0 mmol/L, respectively, P < 0.001). Overall, 1745 and 879 patients were unvaccinated and fully vaccinated, respectively; severe and critical COVID-19 infections were more common among unvaccinated patients in both age groups.

Conclusions:

Younger patients with AMI were more likely to be smokers with no hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or previous AMI. In contrast, they were more likely to have hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, single-vessel disease, Type C lesions, and a history of drug-eluting stent use.
Workplace Safety and Screening of Healthcare Workers for SARS-CoV-2 at a Tertiary Care Hospital in the Northern Emirates of United Arab Emirates
Authors: Shivappa Pooja , Parmar Satyam , Menezes Godfred A. , Sekar Priyadharshini , Ahmad Hafiz , Hossain Ashfaque
Published: October 2024

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, People’s Republic of China, and caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), As the virus took hold in the world, health experts paced efforts to solve the unknown nature of this threat.

Methodology:

We studied the clinical characteristics, laboratory biomarkers of healthcare workers in the single center, analytical cross-sectional study conducted in tertiary care hospital of the UAE. Sample size of 600 HCWs were screened for SARS-CoV-2 by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assay using Seegene Allplex and Andis FAST SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR detection kits for a period of 6 months.

Findings:

All the health care workers (HCWs) were vaccinated for the SARS-CoV-2. Out of these, 240 HCWs were reported to be positive. rRT-PCR with a Ct value of <38 was taken as positive >38. The laboratory investigations of the positive cases were collected and analysed further. A comparison of the laboratory tests was made between (I) COVID severe (Ct < 25) and nonsevere (Ct > 25) groups and (II) frontline workers and non-frontline workers. Besides finding short-term and sudden relief, investigators directed their efforts to provide a long-term solution for an ensuing pandemic that influenced all areas of life in unprecedented ways.

Conclusion:

Awareness among healthcare workers and further long-term studies focusing on their mental health the overall wellness and especially the psychological burden on doctors have received heightened awareness in media and research publications. This information can assist in developing surveillance and infection and control policies and preparedness for future COVID epidemics in similar scenarios in the future.
Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes of Labor Induction in Parous Women in a Selected Hospital in Sudan
Authors: Mudawi Shaza S. , Alawad Azza O. , Elfaki Zeinab A. , Merghani Tarig H.
Published: October 2024

Background:

Induction of labor (IOL) initiates labor artificially, aiming to prevent potential risks for both mother and fetus. However, data on IOL outcomes for parous women in the developing countries are scarce.

Objectives:

This study evaluates maternal and neonatal outcomes in parous women undergoing IOL at a Sudanese hospital.

Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study included 75 parous women undergoing IOL at Haj-Alsafi Teaching Hospital. Demographic data, reasons for IOL, and maternal and neonatal outcomes were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 26, with P values < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results:

Of 600 women, 75 (12.5%) underwent IOL over 6 months. Main indications were hypertensive disorders (21.3%) and postterm pregnancy (17.3%). Successful vaginal delivery (88%) predominated, with 12% requiring instrumental delivery. Maternal complications included postpartum hemorrhage (8%) and ruptured uterus (1.3%), while 69.7% had no complications. The neonatal survival rate was 91%, with 30.7% admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) for further care. Among the NICU admissions, the mortality rate was 17.4%, all were preterm neonates.

Conclusion:

IOL is associated with successful VD in 88% and low rate of complications among the parous women; however, greater efforts are needed to prevent serious outcomes among the neonates.
Comprehensive Analysis of Needle Bearing Failures in Fuel Transfer
Pumps: Insights from Testing and Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Kaliyanda Aneesh
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the failure mechanisms of needle bearings within fuel
transfer pump assemblies through a comprehensive approach combining endurance
testing, detailed inspection, the Dykem blue method, proximity sensors, and
finite element analysis (FEA). The findings reveal critical insights into the
causes of failure, highlighting significant axial displacement, with a maximum
of 0.37 mm measured by proximity sensors. The Dykem technique identified
distinct wear patterns across various components, pinpointing areas of high
stress and potential failure. Detailed bearing inspections uncovered trunnion
damage and abrasive wear, corroborated by FEA, which quantified displacements of
0.144 mm in the x-direction, 0.030 mm in the y-direction, and 0.015 mm in the
z-direction. The primary operational factors contributing to bearing failure
were contamination and inadequate axial control. These insights are pivotal, as
they align with and expand upon established literature on bearing failures,
providing a deeper understanding of the interplay between mechanical wear and
operational conditions. Despite the robustness of the methodology, challenges
included ensuring the accuracy of axial displacement measurements and
replicating real-world operational stresses in a controlled environment. The
study proposes several recommendations to enhance axial support and optimize
system design to mitigate the identified issues. The societal impact of this
research is significant, offering potential improvements in machinery
reliability, which can lead to enhanced industrial efficiency and safety
standards. This work advances the current knowledge in the field and provides
practical solutions for extending the lifespan and performance of critical
mechanical components in fuel transfer systems.
Numerical Investigation on Performance Based Methodology for Developing Vane Design of AC Duct
Authors: Mahesh A , Baskar Subramaniyan , Raju Kumar , Gopinathan Nagarajan
Published: October 2024

Airflow directionality in a vehicle cabin is one of the concerns of car owners, researchers, and vehicle manufacturers. After exposed/parked in hot ambient condition for a long time, HVAC system normally takes few minutes to cool down and reach an acceptable cabin temperature for the passenger comfort. To ensure proper airflow distribution inside the cabin, the AC duct & vanes ability to direct airflow must be evaluated. Objective of this work is to propose a methodology for developing the vane design of AC system duct using CFD approach. Two different goals are attempted. Firstly, the effect of horizontal and vertical vane angle on airflow directionality is investigated with DoE approach. Then factors influencing the airflow directionality are investigated using factorial study approach. CFD based factorial analysis (L9 orthogonal array) was conducted using three components at three levels. The impact of number of horizontal vanes, number of vertical vanes and distance between them on the pressure drop and face level velocity are investigated. One of the parameters required to freeze vane design is attaining higher face velocity and lower vent pressure drop. New methodology is proposed in this work to choose the required number of horizontal and vertical vanes of automotive AC system duct/vent assembly based on their airflow directing ability.
Investigation of Mid-Frequency Interior Noise due to Tyre-Road Interaction
Authors: Subbian Jaiganesh , M Saravanan
Published: October 2024

Over the past twenty years, the automotive sector has increasingly prioritized lightweight and eco-friendly products. Specifically, in the realm of tyres, achieving reduced weight and lower rolling resistance is crucial for improving fuel efficiency. However, these goals introduce significant challenges in managing Noise, Vibration, and Harshness (NVH), particularly regarding mid-frequency noise inside the vehicle. This study focuses on analyzing the interior noise of a passenger car within the 250 to 500 Hz frequency range. It examines how tyre tread stiffness and carcass stiffness affect this noise through structural borne noise test on a rough road drum and modal analysis, employing both experimental and computational approaches. Findings reveal that mid-frequency interior noise is significantly affected by factors such as the tension in the cap ply, the stiffness of the belt, and the properties of the tyre sidewall.
Rotorcraft Turboshaft Engine Idle Power Scheduling
Authors:   S-12 Powered Lift Propulsion Committee
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) is to provide rotorcraft and engine designers with a better understanding of turboshaft engine idle power characteristics and objectives to be considered in the design and integration process. For the purpose of this document, idle is the lowest suitable steady-state power setting, most commonly corresponding to a gas generator speed setting or range. In general, a lower engine idle setting is desired by the airframer to reduce noise, fuel consumption, and main rotor downwash when on the ground and to reduce the size requirement of a rotor brake system. In contrast, the engine manufacturer generally prefers a higher engine idle setting, as operation further away from the engine design speed involves more challenges in operability and mechanical design. A variety of rotorcraft and engine factors are described for consideration. Some typical engine power and torque trends are presented for illustrative purposes. The information contained herein may assist in the early design phase to result in a more optimum match between engine and rotorcraft requirements.
Electrical Discharge Machining
Authors:   AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Published: October 2024

This specification provides processing and acceptance requirements for electrical discharge machining (EDM) when applied to the manufacturing of parts.
„Jesteśmy szczęśliwemi wybrańcami losu”. Refleksje nad życiem i działalnością Marii Grzegorzewskiej
Authors: Hryniewicka Anna
Published: October 2024

This article is dedicated to Maria Grzegorzewska – an outstanding creator of the Polish school of special pedagogy, initiator, founder, and long-time director of the oldest university in Poland training special educators, and one of the most outstanding women in psychology of the 20th century, honored by the Sejm of the Republic of Poland on the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Academy of Special Pedagogy with the honorable title of Patroness of the year 2022. It presents the most important facts about her life and activities, the origins of her scientific interests, the sources of her creativity that determined how to coped with the challenges related to realizingher vocation to serve people with disabilities, her contribution to the development of various areas of culture and science, and the extraordinary power of influence on colleagues and students, thanks to which the knowledge system she created remains valid today and can set the direction for the further development of pedagogy and related disciplines.
Wysoka wrażliwość w aspekcie rozwojowym. Badania longitudinalne dzieci w okresie wczesnoszkolnym
Authors: Nisiewicz Beata , Gulla Bożena
Published: October 2024

Manifestations of high sensitivity can be recognized even in the youngest children. Therefore, it is not possible to test it through activities that may disrupt its proper functioning. The research presented aims to investigate the development of this trait. There have been no longitudinal studies focusing on this trait in children, as they have not been widely researched or passed between devices that connect children with their parents. The study analyzed data from 131 children aged 8–11, including 84 tested twice, and 33 pairs of parents. The Highly Sensitive Child Scale in the Polish adaptation by Baryła-Matejczuk and Poleszak, and the Highly Sensitive Person Scale translated by Golonka and Gulla were used for measurement.

The collected data confirm the validity of distinguishing three significantly different groups among children that are under control. It was noticed that girls have a higher sensitivity level than boys, and high sensitivity characterizes them more often than boys at a statistically significant level. The similarity in sensitivity levels between children and their parents has also been confirmed, along with the statistical significance in both parents. The percentage of highly sensitive children in the study group does not align with Elaine Aron’s theory assumptions and previous research findings. Additional predictions have been partially supported by the data.

While the obtained validation results have been expanded upon, it is important to note the absence of this type of testing, and these initial findings can serve as preliminary values for further in-depth analyses in the future.
Realizacja zadań rozwojowych a poczucie dorosłości i satysfakcja z życia młodych dorosłych
Authors: Misztela Anna , Barszcz Sabina , Słowińska Aleksandra M.
Published: October 2024

The main goal of this research was to recognize the psychosocial consequences of undertaking the developmental tasks in early adulthood. We wanted to focus on verification of the influency developmental tasks (undertaking them, their importance, satisfaction, and punctuality) on the sense of adulthood, and life satisfaction. The sample consisted of 343 people, 19–35 years old. The results showed that: (1) all studied aspects of developmental tasks have a positive influence on the sense of adulthood; (2) stronger sense of adulthood and (3) undertaking two developmental tasks (marriage/partnership, professional activity) result in a higher life satisfaction.
Dehumanizujące aspekty zautomatyzowanych procesów magazynowania
Authors: Uznańska-Kuś Marta
Published: October 2024

Automatyzacja procesów, optymalizująca realizowane w magazynie zadania, jest obecnie sposobem na sprostanie potrzebom: wysokiej efektywności, wymagającego konsumenta, złożonego rynku i dużej konkurencji. Ciągłe doskonalenie procesów przekłada się z jednej strony na poprawę wyników, a z drugiej – na pogorszenie kondycji zdrowotnej pracowników. W monografii podjęto badania dotyczące automatyzacji procesów magazynowych oraz jej oddziaływania na zjawisko dehumanizacji pracy. Zweryfikowano aktualnie funkcjonujące teorie, dokonano przeglądu literatury krajowej i zagranicznej z zakresu logistyki i magazynowania, przeprowadzono analizę nowoczesnych technologii wykorzystywanych w procesach magazynowania, zidentyfikowano czynniki dehumanizujące pracę. Zapobieganie dehumanizacji, poszukiwanie sposobów jej ograniczania jest niezwykle ważnym zagadnieniem dla współczesnych przedsiębiorstw niezależnie od sektora gospodarczego.
THE EFFECT OF USING ENGLISH ON PERFORMANCE IN THE OFFICE FIELD
Authors: Ernawati Eka Yuniar , Widiastuti Widiastuti , Harun Yessy , Biduri Febi Nur
Published: October 2024

This study examines the influence of English proficiency on performance in the office sector in the context of globalization. The ability to communicate in English is essential in an office environment that frequently interacts with business partners from different cultural backgrounds. English proficiency helps employees understand and use office technology whose instruction is in English, as well as facilitate effective cross-cultural communication. This study uses a descriptive and experimental approach, involving 36 respondents from various institutions. The results of the analysis showed that the use of English significantly improved office performance, with the average score of English use reaching 18.89 out of 25 and office performance of 28.92 out of 40. Regression analysis showed a strong positive relationship between English language use and office performance, with each increase in English language use improving office performance. In conclusion, improving English proficiency in the office environment is very effective in improving individual and organizational performance, so workplace English training programs are an important strategy to face the challenges of globalization and changes in the business world.
Histologi Kardiovaskular pada Wistar Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan Curcuma Zedoria
Authors: Rahmadiah HSB Selly , Fiska Maya Wardhani
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh ekstrak kunyit putih (Curcuma zedoria) pada tikus Wistar yang menderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan desain one-group post-test only. Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah tikus Wistar jantan yang diinduksi diabetes menggunakan aloksan, kemudian diberikan ekstrak kunyit putih dengan dosis 250 mg/kgBB, 500 mg/kgBB, dan 750 mg/kgBB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kunyit putih dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah pada tikus yang diuji. Namun, analisis histopatologi jantung mengungkapkan adanya tingkat kerusakan yang bervariasi pada sel otot jantung, tergantung dosis ekstrak yang diberikan. Kesimpulannya, ekstrak kunyit putih memiliki potensi sebagai terapi penurun kadar gula darah pada diabetes melitus tipe 2, namun efek samping terhadap jantung harus diperhatikan
Análisis de la aplicación del Modelo TPACK en el nivel superior: Una revisión bibliográfica
Authors:   Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Alvarez Ramírez Rolando Andreé
Published: October 2024

OBJETIVO: Analizar la implementación y efectividad del Modelo Conocimiento Técnico Pedagógico del Contenido (TPACK por sus siglas en inglés) en el contexto del nivel superior, mediante una revisión bibliográfica, con el propósito de identificar las mejores prácticas, desafíos y oportunidades para mejorar la integración de la tecnología en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje en este nivel educativo.  MÉTODO: A través de la revisión de 5 artículos científicos se examinan las diversas formas en que el Modelo TPACK ha sido implementado en instituciones de educación superior, así como los desafíos y las oportunidades asociadas con su aplicación. Se identifican las tendencias emergentes, las mejores prácticas y las áreas de investigación futura en este campo. RESULTADOS: Los hallazgos en la revisión bibliográfica indican que la aplicación del Modelo refleja que la aplicación del Modelo TPACK en el nivel superior fortalecen la calidad del aprendizaje y la enseñanza. Además, se identificaron diversas estrategias y enfoques utilizados por los educadores para implementar el Modelo TPACK en entornos educativos superiores, incluyendo el diseño de cursos centrados en el estudiante, el uso de herramientas tecnológicas innovadoras y la colaboración interdisciplinaria. CONCLUSIÓN: El modelo TPACK emerge para impulsar la transformación digital en la educación superior, innovando en los procesos académicos a través del fortalecimiento de las competencias digitales de docentes y estudiantes.
Redefiniendo la enseñanza: Aplicaciones prácticas del modelo SAMR en educación superior
Authors:   Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Cerón Rosales Javier Antonio
Published: October 2024

OBJETIVO: Conocer la efectividad del modelo SAMR en la transformación de prácticas educativas mediante la integración tecnológica en aulas de educación superior. MÉTODO: Se investigó en distintos estudios cualitativos que utilizaron observaciones directas y entrevistas semiestructuradas con docentes que implementan el modelo SAMR en sus prácticas docentes. Se seleccionaron cinco instituciones educativas con estudios realizados en niveles de adopción tecnológica para representar un espectro amplio de aplicaciones del modelo. RESULTADOS: Los resultados indican que las fases de Modificación y Redefinición del modelo SAMR facilitan significativamente una mayor interacción y compromiso estudiantil en comparación con las fases de Sustitución y Aumento. Además, se identificaron barreras clave como la falta de capacitación docente y recursos tecnológicos adecuados que limitan la implementación completa del modelo. CONCLUSIÓN: El modelo SAMR ofrece un marco valioso para fomentar la innovación educativa a través de la tecnología. Sin embargo, su éxito depende críticamente del soporte institucional y de la capacitación continua de los educadores. Se recomienda desarrollar estrategias de implementación personalizadas que consideren las necesidades específicas y contextos de cada institución educativa.