bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Balance, CO2 Balance, and Meteorological Aspects of Desertification Hotspots in Northeast Brazil
Authors: Silva Any Caroline , Rêgo Mendes Keila , Santos e Silva Cláudio Moisés , Torres Rodrigues Daniele , Brito Costa Gabriel , Thainara Corrêa da Silva Duany , Rodrigues Mutti Pedro , Rodrigues Ferreira Rosaria , Guedes Bezerra Bergson
Published: October 2021

The main objective of this study was to evaluate meteorological variables and the simulated components of energy and CO2 balances in desertification hotspots in Northeast Brazil. Meteorological data were obtained from the National Institute of Meteorology measurement network for the Cabrobó and Ibimirim sites. Initially, hourly linear trends were calculated for the meteorological variables using the non-parametric Mann–Kendall test. Then, the seasonal variability in the components of energy and CO2 balances was assessed through simulations of the simple tropical ecosystem (SITE) model. Results showed evidence of increasing air temperature trends in the Cabrobó site in the first months of the year, which was not observed in the Ibimirim site. Regarding relative humidity, increasing trends were observed in a few months over the Cabrobó site, while decreasing trends were observed in the Ibimirim site. Opposite behaviors were also identified for the trends in wind speed in both sites. Gross primary production (GPP) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) simulated values were higher in the first half of the year in both sites. GPP varied from 0.8 to 1.2 g C m−² h−¹, and NEE fluctuated around approximately −5 g C m−² h−¹. These results indicate that rainfall seasonality is a crucial factor for the modulation of CO2 and energy balance fluxes in the Caatinga biome.
Analysis of the Economy-Wide Rebound Effect of Water Efficiency Improvement in China Based on a Multi-Sectoral Computable General Equilibrium Analysis
Authors: Zhou Yexin , Li Jinghan , Wei Wei , Cui Qi , He Ling
Published: October 2021

The effectiveness of water efficiency improvement is restricted by the water rebound effect by which anticipated water resource saving from improved water efficiency may be partly or wholly offset or even surpassed by an increase in water demand. The economy-wide rebound effect of water efficiency improvement in China is poorly understood. This study explored the economy-wide rebound effect of water efficiency improvement in China based on a multi-sectoral computable general equilibrium model. The results suggested that water efficiency improvement could effectively reduce water consumption in producing sectors and benefit economic growth and employment. However, the decrease in water consumption was much lower than the volume of water efficiency improvement, which indicated that the rebound effect partly offset water savings caused by water efficiency improvement. We observed a larger reduction in water consumption in the long run, which indicated a smaller rebound effect and a more significant effect in saving water resources in the long term. Notably, the total rebound effect in the short-run closure was much larger than that in the long-run closure, and the effect from the production side was much smaller. Hence, the economic-wide rebound effect is primarily derived from the incremental water consumption by households, investors, and governments.
Combination of Probiotics and Natural Compounds to Treat Multiple Sclerosis via Warburg Effect
Authors: Ravi Anjali Kandiruthi , Muthukrishnan Saradhadevi Kuppusami
Published: October 2021

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). It is an auto-immune disorder. Its usual symptoms are unique to each person. In MS lesions vast fractions of pyruvate molecules are instantly transformed into lactate. This reprogramming mechanism of glycolysis is known as the Warburg effect. MS has no efficient treatment yet. Hence, there is a requirement for profitable immunomodulatory agents in MS. Probiotics perform as an immunomodulator because they regulate the host’s immune responses. Its efficacy gets enhanced for an extended period when it combines with prebiotics. In this review, we focus on the metabolic alterations behind the MS lesions via the Warburg effect, and also suggesting, the combined efficacy of prebiotics and probiotics for the effective treatment of MS without side effects. The Warburg effect mechanism intensifies the infiltration of activated T-cells and B-cells into the CNS. It provokes the inflammation process on the myelin sheath. The infiltration of immune cells can be inhibited by the combination therapy of probiotics and prebiotics. By this review, we can recommend that the idea of this combinational therapy can do miracles in the treatment of MS in the future.
5FU-loaded PCL/Chitosan/Fe3O4 Core-Shell Nanofibers Structure: An Approach to Multi-Mode Anticancer System
Authors: Hadjianfar Mehdi , Semnani Dariush , Varshosaz Jaleh , Mohammadi Sajad , Rezazadeh Tehrani Sayed Pedram
Published: October 2021

Purpose: 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles were encapsulated in core-shellpolycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CS) nanofibers as a multi-mode anticancer system to studydrug release sustainability. The structure of the core-shell drug delivery system was alsooptimized according to drug release behavior by artificial intelligence.Methods: The core-shell nanofibers were electrospun by a coaxial syringe. Artificial neuralnetwork (ANN) was used for function approximation to estimate release parameters. A geneticalgorithm was then used for optimizing the structure. Chemical assay of the optimized samplewas performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD),and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). vibration sample magnetometer (VSM) testwas conducted to measure the real amount of loaded magnetic nanoparticles. HepG2 cellcytotoxicity was studied and the results for the optimized samples with and without Fe3O4 after72 hours were reported.Results: Feeding ratio of sheath to core and the amount of CS, Fe3O4, and 5FU had a statisticaleffect on nanofibers diameters, which were 300-450 nm. The drug loading efficiency of thesenanofibers was 65-86%. ANN estimated the release parameters with an error of 10%. Thetemperature increased about 5.6°C in the alternative magnetic field (AMF) of 216 kA.m-1~300kHz and 4.8°C in the AMF of 154 kA.m-1~400 kHz after 20 minutes. HepG2 cell cytotoxicityfor the optimized samples with and without Fe3O4 after 72 hours were 39.7% and 38.8%,respectively.Conclusion: Since this core-shell drug release system was more sustainable compared to theblend structure despite the low half-life of 5FU, it is suggested to utilize it as post-surgicalimplants for various cancer treatments such as liver or colorectal cancer in the future. Thissystem is capable of providing chemotherapy and hyperthermia simultaneously.
Regenerative Medicine and Angiogenesis; Focused on Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Moradi Seyed Zachariah , Jalili Faramarz , Hoseinkhani Zohreh , Mansouri Kamran
Published: October 2021

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major concern for health with high mortality rates around the world. CVD is often associated with partial or full occlusion of the blood vessel network. Changes in lifestyle can be useful for management early-stage disease but in the advanced stage, surgical interventions or pharmacological are needed to increase the blood flow through the affected tissue or to reduce the energy requirements. Regeneration medicine is a new science that has provided many different options for treating various diseases, especially in CVD over the years. Stem cell therapy, gene therapy, and tissue engineering are some of the powerful branches of the field that have given patients great hope in improving their condition. In this review, we attempted to examine the beneficial effects, challenges, and contradictory effects of angiogenesis in vivo, and in vitro models’ studies of CVD. We hope that this information will be able to help other researchers to design new effective structures and open new avenues for the treatment of CVD with the help of angiogenesis and regeneration medicine in the future.
Plant Derived Immunomodulators; A Critical Review
Authors: Swaroop Akey Krishna , Motamarri Venkata Naga Lalitha Chaitanya , Shanmugam Meena , Subramanian Gomathy , Natarajan Jawahar , Selvaraj Jubie
Published: October 2021

The concept of immunomodulation was proposed by Edward Jenner, while working on polio vaccine in 1796. Many of the autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, psoriatic arthritis and system lupus erythematosus, viral diseases and, some cancers are characterized with elevated levels of "immunocytokine" gene expression, including, tumor necrosis factor-α, various interleukins, cytotoxic T-cell antigen-4, B-cell activating factor. For the treatment of these diseases, the immunologically-based therapies play the major role. In these lines, the usage of phytomedicines as immunostimulants /immunosuppressants have been enhanced considerably in last few decades and also used as a prophylactic treatment for various ailments. Phytochemicals such as flavonoids, terpenoids, polysaccharides, lactones, alkaloids, glycosides and saponins present in several plants, have been confirmed to exhibit immunomodulating properties. This review focuses on the traditional plants and their constituents which have been extensively used as immunomodulators. We have also highlighted the mechanism of action (MOA) of these plant constituents related to autophagy and adjuvanticity of drugs.
Role of Fungal Infections in Carcinogenesis and Cancer Development; A Literature Review
Authors: Hosseini Kamran , Ahangari Hossein , Chapeland-leclerc Florence , Ruprich-Robert Gwenael , Tarhriz Vahideh , Dilmaghani Azita
Published: October 2021

Cancer is a serious debilitating disease and one of the most common causes of death. In recent decades the high risk of various cancers enforced scientists to discover novel prevention and treatment methods to diminish the mortality of this terrifying disease. Accordingly, its prevention can be possible in near future. Based on epidemiological evidence, there is a clear link between pathogenic fungal infections and cancer development. This association is often seen in people with weakened immune systems such as the elderly and people with acquired immunodeficiency (AIDS). Carcinoma in these people is first seen chronically and then acutely. Although the different genetic and environmental risk factors are involved in carcinogenesis, one of the most important risk factors is fungal species and infections associating with cancers etiology. Now it is known that microbial infection is responsible for initiating 2.2 million new cancer cases. In this way, many recent studies have focused on investigating the role and mechanism of fungal infections in diverse cancers occurrence. This review provides a comprehensive framework of the latest clinical findings and the association of fungal infections with versatile cancers including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, lung, cervical, skin, and ovarian cancer.
Inorganic Nanoparticles: Toxic Effects, Mechanisms of Cytotoxicity and Phytochemical Interactions
Authors: Bhatti Rashid , Shakeel Hadia , Malik Kousar , Qasim Muhammad , Khan Mohsin Ahmad , Ahmed Nadeem , Jabeen Shajia
Published: October 2021

During the last few decades, nanotechnology has gained many applications in almost all fields of life because of the unique properties of nanoparticles. Nanotechnology has specially marked its name in the field of medicine. However, nanoparticles toxicity is detrimental to human health and is a prime concern in applied medicine. They can cause insomnia, vertigo, madarosis, epistaxis, hypokalemia, lymphopenia, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, etc. There is a gap in knowledge regarding the study of the toxicological effects of nanoparticles. Mechanisms that are responsible for this toxicity are not fully understood yet. Phytochemicals have natural therapeutic effects of reducing metal nanoparticles' toxicity by acting as stabilizers and nontoxic reducing agents. However, the interaction between phytochemicals and nanoparticles is remained to be elucidated. This review will provide in-depth knowledge about the various types of inorganic nanoparticles and their associated toxicities, key parameters determining the toxic behaviour of nanoparticles, and the mechanisms behind their cytotoxicity. It also emphasizes the need for further research to understand the interaction between various phytochemicals and nanoparticles for therapeutic purposes.
MiR-146a Restoration Suppresses Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Migration: A Bioinformatic and in Vitro Study
Authors: Tebbi Leila , Mansoori Behzad , Safaei Sahar , Hashemzadeh Shahriar , Shirmohamadi Masoud , Hajiasgharzadeh Khalil , Abdoli Shadbad Mahdi , Baradaran Behzad
Published: October 2021

Purpose: Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed types of cancer worldwide. This cancer is treated with various methods like mastectomy, chemotherapy, hormone replacement therapy, and radiotherapy. Among them, targeted therapy, which specifically targets cancerous cells by using strategies like microRNA replacement therapy, is considered a new approach in treating breast cancer. Methods: Data analysis from TCGA datasets were used to confirm the decreased expression of miR-146a in breast cancer. MTT assay was used to evaluate the viability of MDA-MB-231 cells after miR-146a restoration. A wound-healing assay was used to observe migration in the MDA-MB-231 cell line and the effect of miR-146a on the migration. Finally, qRT-PCR was used as a method to determine the effect of miR-146a on the expression of CXCR4, β-catenin, MMP2, MMP9, and Vimentin genes are known to be involved in invasion and migration in MDA-MB-231 cell lines in breast cancer. Results: The bioinformatic study showed miR-146a expression decreased in breast tumors compared to adjusted normally. Our results indicated that miR-146a is not involved in apoptosis in the MDA-MB-231 cell line, while it is highly effective in migration inhibition. MMP9, MMP2, CXCR4, and Vimentin expressions were suppressed by miR-146a induction; however, it induced the expression of β-catenin which all result in inhibition of migration. Conclusion: Regulatory molecules, such as miR-146a, are effective in breast cancer targeted therapy. As cancer is a complicated disorder, therefore the combination of therapies, based on these targets might lead to novel therapeutic strategies.
Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) and AMPK Relevance in Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Vaez Haleh , Soraya Hamid , Garjani Alireza , Gholikhani Tooba
Published: October 2021

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential receptors of the innate immune system, playing a significant role in cardiovascular diseases. TLR4, with the highest expression among TLRs in the heart, has been investigated extensively for its critical role in different myocardial inflammatory conditions. Studies suggest that inhibition of TLR4 signaling pathways reduces inflammatory responses and even prevents additional injuries to the already damaged myocardium. Recent research results have led to a hypothesis that there may be a relation between TLR4 expression and 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling in various inflammatory conditions, including cardiovascular diseases. AMPK, as a cellular energy sensor, has been reported to show anti-inflammatory effects in various models of inflammatory diseases. AMPK, in addition to its physiological acts in the heart, plays an essential role in myocardial ischemia and hypoxia by activating various energy production pathways. Herein we will discuss the role of TLR4 and AMPK in cardiovascular diseases and a possible relation between TLRs and AMPK as a novel therapeutic target. In our opinion, AMPK-related TLR modulators will find application in treating different immune-mediated inflammatory disorders, especially inflammatory cardiac diseases, and present an option that will be widely used in clinical practice in the future.
Cytotoxicity Induced by Newly Synthesized Palladium (II) Complexes Lead to the Death of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435 Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: da Silva Bruna Alexandre Oliveira , Dias Isabela Spido , Sarto Luís Eduardo , de Gois Elba Pereira , Torres Claudia , de Almeida Eduardo Tonon , Gouvêa Cibele Marli Cação Paiva
Published: October 2021

Purpose: Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy and melanoma is the most lethal type of skin cancer. Traditional therapy for cancer treatment is far from satisfactory due to drug resistance and side effects, thus a search for new medicines is being emphasized. Palladium(II) complexes have been reported as anticancer potential agents. In this work, the anticancer activities and cell death induction of a new series of square-planar palladium(II) complexes were evaluated against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435 cancer cells. Methods: MCF-7 (breast carcinoma) and MDA-MB-435 (melanoma) cells were cultivated, and treated with ligand and Pd(II) complexes. Cell growth, migration and adhesion inhibition, morphological alterations, cell death induction and, DNA interaction upon treatment were studied. Results: Pd(II) complexes exhibited both short and long-term antiproliferative effects on both cell lines, reducing by 80% cell growth in the SRB assay and abolishing long-term proliferation, estimated by the clonogenic assay. Complexes reduced significantly (p < 0.05) cell migration and adhesion when compared to the control group. Complexes induced morphological alterations in cell lines and significant (p<0.05) cellular shrinkage. Cell death was induced and the complexes were able to interact with DNA, inducing cleavage of double-stranded DNA, which may account for the complexes cytotoxic effects, observed against both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435 cells. Conclusion: Overall, the complexes exhibited cytotoxic activities and induced cell death. These observations emphasize an anticancer role with a potential therapeutic value for Pd(II) complexes to improve the outcome of patients with breast cancer and melanoma.
Artistic features of the comedy “The Handsome Man” by Alexander Ostrovsky
Authors: Medvedeva Natalya A.
Published: October 2021

The article analyses the plot and genre features of the comedy “The Handsome Man” by Alexander Ostrovsky. In particular, such features of comedy as a comic contradiction, a prosperous denouement, typification of heroes and such qualities of vaudeville as the rapid development of action, the motif of a joke, as well as of a deception, are highlighted. The special vaudeville character of the intrigue is emphasised, it is also occupied with dynamism – the heroes change masks, deceive, pretend. It is noted that the psychological complexity of the characters, the main conflict, characterised by depth and sharpness, bring the play closer to the genre of drama. The study uses materials from letters of drama, memories of it, as well as critical reviews of the play “The Handsome Man” – the presence of harsh, often contradictory assessments testifies to the topicality of the comedy. and values. Particular attention is paid to the image of the protagonist, Apollon Okoyomov, who belongs to the “handsome” type, certainly in many respects corresponding to the late-19th-century environment and era. It is concluded that in the play “The Handsome Man” by Alexander Ostrovsky organically combined comic and dramatic elements: this gives her brightness, dynamism, artistic persuasiveness.
Kate Chopin’s prose in the context of American transcendentalism
Authors: Shmeleva Tatyana N.
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the typological parallels between Kate Chopin’s literary-artistic system and philosophical doctrine of transcendentalism. As well as the majority of the writers of that time Kate Chopin could not avoid the influence of the ideas determining the peculiarities of cultural atmosphere in America, Ralf Waldo Emerson’s ideas in particular. Emerson’s philosophical and aesthetic conception proclaimed individual freedom the highest value, pointed out the intuitive nature of creative work. American transcendentalism encouraged to depict even mundane life events, empowered the art with a special role in the discovery of the world. These provisions were especially close to Kate Chopin and were rather peculiarly embodied in her works. Thus, Kate Chopin depicted mundane events from American life in all their diversity. In her works art is a way to penetrate into the deepest core of existence. The cross-cutting theme of Kate Chopin’s writing was her heroines’ understanding of their own significance, the necessity of freedom and self-realisation and that coincides greatly with Emerson’s “self-reliance” doctrine. Nevertheless, transcendentalism ideas being a part of cultural code of the time combined in Kate Chopin’s works with her individual worldview and that reflected in special ironic implication of her prose.
The topic of “WW2 rear” childhood in Altai literature of the second half of the 20th century (on the example of the works of Lazar’ Kokyshev, Boris Ukachin, Dibash Kainchin, etc.)
Authors: Tekenova Ulyana N.
Published: October 2021

The article is based on the works of Altai writers of the second half of the XX century. (Lazar’ Kokyshev, Boris Ukachin, Shatra Shatinov, Dibash Kainchin) The author made an attempt to investigate the theme of memory and the theme of wartime childhood. The work examines the spiritual values of the generation of poets and prose writers who began their career in the 1960s ‟thaw” years. The author's field of vision includes works united by the image of a wartime childhood in the distant rear, the article attempts to fit the material under study into the context of the main trends in the Altai literary process of the indicated period. Attention is paid to autobiography and retrospective point of view, motifs of life and death, hunger and cold. In the works of some writers, a combination of artistic and journalistic principles is noted, the illumination of harsh reality through the eyes of adolescents.
Death and burial in Kyivan Rus’ according to written sources
Authors: LUTSYK Iryna
Published: October 2021

The spread of Christianity in the lands of Kyivan Rus caused radical, but not rapid, changes in the religious, philosophical, and mental worldviews of contemporary society. Funeral rites were a significant factor in which the feature of the spiritual transformation of local societies was reflected. The proposed study is devoted to the peculiarities of the Christian funeral rite and ceremony in the lands of Kyivan Rus’ and the Galician-Volhynian state, which are covered in written sources of the time. Therefore, the upper chronological date of the study is the XIV century. Their elaboration and systematization led to the construction of the article in a linear way – starting with pre-death, and then post-mortem preparations, directly funeral and memorial service. The analysis and generalization of the funeral rite, characteristic for the Christian Orthodox tradition as a whole, is carried out. At the same time, their separate local elements are highlighted. Some comparisons and parallels between the Rus’ and Byzantine funeral traditions were made.
Purpose – to recognize Germany. About some activities of the Polish intelligence in the 1920s
Authors: ĆWIĘK Henryk
Published: October 2021

After World War I, Weimar Germany did not recognize the western borders of the Second Polish Republic. They did not accept the result of the defeat they suffered. Poland was referred to as the ‘Saisonstaat’, which was synonymous with aggression for the Germans. The Weimar Republic sought to rebuild its military potential and demanded the abolition of all forms of control and revision of the Versailles Treaty. From the moment Poland regained independence, the security of the state was threatened by Germany and Russia. In this situation, the identification of threats was of particular importance. Secret service structures were created under very difficult conditions. In the early 1920s, the intelligence reconnaissance of Germany was not sufficient. The organizational changes and improved methods of operation carried out in the second half of this decade had a positive impact on the effects of work. The head of the Berlin intelligence facility, codenamed ‘In 3’, captain, and later major, Jerzy Sosnowski provided the headquarters of the Second Department of Polish General Staff with valuable information on the expansion of the German armed forces. Also, field offices were actively exploring Germany. Agents played a special role in the activities of the intelligence service. Therefore, the process of their selection, conducting, training and supervision, on which the effects of work depended, deserves attention.
Pemetaan Suhu Permukaan Laut (SPL) dan Karakteristik Pasang Surut di Perairan Pulau Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Prayogo Luhur Moekti , Natul Al Shida
Published: October 2021

Dalam bidang oseanografi beberapa fenomena laut dapat dilihat menggunakan peta Suhu Permukaan Laut (SPL). Selain SPL, kondisi pasang surut juga penting untuk diketahui karena menggambarkan karakteristik suatu perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variasi SPL dan karakteristik pasang surut di perairan pulau Bali, Indonesia. Data SPL diperoleh dari National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) pada 2015 – 2017 dan data pasang surut diperoleh dari Badan Informasi Geospasial (BIG) pada bulan Juni 2017 dengan interval data satu jam. Dari hasil percobaan menggunakan metode Admiralty menunjukkan bahwa tipe pasang surut di perairan pulau Bali, Indonesia tergolong Campuran dengan kecendurungan Semi Diurnal dengan bilangan Formzahl sebesar 1.01 (0.25 < F £ 1.5). Kemudian parameter elevasi Highest High Water Level (HHWL)  dan Lowest Low Water Level (LLWL)  yang diperoleh dari perhitungan sebesar 1.0512 dan -1.0504 meter. Selanjutnya pengolahan data SPL menunjukkan pada Juni 2015 (Musim Kemarau) nilai SPL berkisar 24.05 – 29.11 oC dengan rata-rata sebesar 27.73 oC. Kemudian pada Desember 2016 (Musim Penghujan) nilai SPL berkisar 22.96 – 28.87 oC dengan rata-rata sebesar 27.00 oC. Selanjutnya pada Februari 2017 (Musim Penghujan) nilai SPL berkisar 23.36 – 30.4 oC dengan rata-rata sebesar 27.20 oC. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa SPL di perairan Pulau Bali pada musim penghujan cenderung lebih rendah dibandingkan musim kemarau. Secara umum wilayah bagian utara pulau Bali cenderung memiliki suhu lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perairan bagian selatan.
ADOPSI INOVASI MEDIA KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN UMKM BATIK JUMPUTAN DI ERA DIGITALISASI
Authors: Damastuti Riski
Published: October 2021

Marketing communication media develops as technology develops. Adaptation and adoption of digital marketing communication media is a challenge for the kelompok UMKM batik jumputan Tahunan Yogyakarta. Tthe purpose of this study is to find out how the process of adoption of digital marketing communication media in kelompok UMKM batik jumputan Tahunan, Yogyakarta. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data in this study were obtained through in-depth interviews with parties related to kelompok UMKM batik jumputan Tahunan, Yogyakarta, as well as direct or indirect observations of the digital marketing communication process carried out. The results of this study, it is known that the adoption of digital marketing communication media by kelompok UMKM batik jumputan Tahunan, Yogyakarta are still very low.Keywords: UMKM, adoption of innovation, marketing communication
DIALEKTIKA RELASIONAL ORANG TUA DAN ANAK DALAM PROSES BELAJAR DI ERA COVID-19
Authors: Parlindungan Lubis Adi Putra
Published: October 2021

The transmission of Covid-19 in Indonesia has made the government stipulate that all activities must be carried out from home, including studying. During learning from home the children are accompanied by their parents. The togetherness of parents and children while learning from home makes their relationship even closer. Apart from that, there are things that are contradictory in their relationship. Their disagreement with something when studying creates dialectics. By using qualitative methods and a phenomenological approach, the purpose of this study is to analyze the relational dialectic that occurs between parents and children from families in Kampung Tengah Kramat Jati Jakarta Timur during the learning process in the Covid-19 era. The theory used in this research is relational dialectic and family relationship theory. The informants are mothers who have school-age children at primary school level 2-3 who are busy taking care of the house while accompanying their children to study. The results of the study are dialectics due to the inequality of mothers and children in responsibilities, expectations and perceptions. The reality of their relationship is in the form of contradictions because mothers tend to be emotional, and children are disorderly and tend to be spoiled.
PERANCANGAN DESAIN S-DUMPER (SMART DUMP) SEBAGAI SOLUSI DALAM PENGURANGAN SAMPAH BERSERAKAN
Authors: Fikri Ahmad Maulana , Ramadhan Mohammad Annur , Harjanto Brianto Rovi , Fiqar Tegar Palyus
Published: October 2021

Konsekuensi yang tidak dapat dihindari dari adanya aktivitas manusia yaitu sampah. Namun, sering kali sampah-sampah berserakan di luar bak sampah yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai penyakit dan mendatangkan bau yang tidak nyaman. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena desain dari bak sampah yang terbuka lebar. Oleh karena itu, muncul suatu gagasan untuk merancang suatu alat yang bernama S-DUMPER (Smart Dump) dengan bantuan Internet of Things dan Embedded Systems. S-DUMPER bertujuan meminimalisir sampah yang berserakan di luar bak sampah dan membantu petugas untuk mengangkut sampah ke tempat pembuangan akhir. Pada penelitian ini, akan digunakan beberapa metode meliputi studi literatur, perancangan prototipe sampai dengan analisis SWOT. Komponen dari alat S-DUMPER berupa sensor HC-SR04, Arduino, LCD, GSM dan motor servo. Setiap komponen memiliki peran masing-masing yang dapat mendukung kinerja dari alat S-DUMPER dengan konsep Embedded System. Selain itu, untuk memaksimalkan penyampaian informasi dari alat S-DUMPER, dirancang desain aplikasi S-DUMPER berbasis android. Kinerja aplikasi S-DUMPER diadaptasikan oleh sistem Internet of Things. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa rancangan desain dari alat dan aplikasi S-DUMPER. Dengan adanya S-DUMPER, petugas dapat mengangkut sampah dengan mudah dan mempercepat kinerja petugas.Kata Kunci— Desain Alat, Desain Aplikasi, Embedded System, Internet of Things, S-DUMPER, Sampah
Assessment of the Changes of Runoff from Reclamed Bogs and Wetlands: Reclamed Land Spot in the Protected Area of the “Belovezhskaya Pushcha” National Nature Park as an Example
Authors:   Volcheck А.А., Sheshko N.N.
Published: October 2021

The paper describes approaches to assessment of the additional runoff from reclaimed bogs and wetlands. Recommendations concerning quantitative determination of individual components of the runoff from reclaimed bogs with use of standards mapping methods have been given. Results of the reclaimed bogs runoff structure assessment for the period of instrumental observations have been given. On the basis of the results obtained and their comparison with this catchment river runoff the two periods in formation of this bog runoff structure have been identified.
Study of Phenol Compounds Toxic Influence on Aquatic Plants
Authors:   Borisova G.G., Kislitsina M.N., Chukina N.V.
Published: October 2021

The materials of the model investigations by the estimation of exogenous phenol compounds influence on anatomical, morphological and biochemical parameters of aquatic plants (with example of Elodea densa) are presented. The results of investigations have shown that resorcin and pyrocatechin were the most toxic compounds. It was demonstrated that detection of response of aquatic plants on the effect of phenol compounds was necessary for the forecast of phenol compounds transformation in water bodies and for development of phytoremediation technologies.
Regularities of Radioactive Barium from Water systems with Modified Hydrolytic Lingine
Authors:   Nikiforov A.F., Yurchenko V.V., Voronina A.V., Kutergin A.S.
Published: October 2021

A method of hydrolytic lignine modification by treatment with sodium hydroxide concentrated solution has been proposed. The optimal conditions for production of the modified sorbent have been identified and influence of a number of factors upon the 133Ba sorption process in the static conditions have been considered, namely: values of ç, sorbent specific content and the sorbate concentration in the solution, time of contact between the liquid and the solid phases, hydrolytic lignine particle size, solution stirring intensity and alkaline metals salts presence. An outcome curve of the radionuclide sorption in the dynamic conditions has been obtained. It was demonstrated that the hydrolytic lignine was an effective sorbent in respect of radioactive 133Ba and could be used for water bodies protection against radionuclides.
Creation of a scientific and educational geoportal of the Buryat State University
Authors: Tsydypova Marina
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the structure, content and methodology of developing a scientific and educational geoportal created for the Buryat State University named after Dorji Banzarova, based on NextGIS software.

The methodology of creating an educational geoportal includes the following main stages: development of the structure and content of the geoportal, collection, creation and adaptation of cartographic materials for publication on the geoportal, filling the geoportal with data, creating web maps, setting up the user interface, styles, scales and setting access rights to the geoportal.

It includes Earth remote sensing data, digital cartographic materials for various disciplines and areas of study and related databases (cultural, historical, tourist, economic and other educational materials).

Geoportal provides the possibility to collect, store, present, spatial analysis of geospatial and statistical data, as well as upload your data (cartographic, statistical, photographs, etc.), create, edit and prepare online new maps and databases for using in educational and research activities.

One of the sections of the geoportal is the basis for creating an electronic herbarium of the university. It is a web map of herbarium collection sites and associated description database, as well as scanned images of herbarium sheets. The electronic herbarium allows remote access to the materials of the university herbarium.

The geoportal is developed on the basis of NextGIS software, which includes: NextGIS Web (server GIS for storing, regulating access to geodata and services), NextGIS QGIS (full-featured desktop GIS for data creation, analytics, creating maps) and NextGIS Mobile (mobile application (Android) with unlimited data layers, editing and customizable input forms).
importância de Paulo Freire para a educação humanizadora na educação superior
Authors: Costa Marcelo Augusto da , Pavan Ruth
Published: October 2021

O artigo faz parte de uma pesquisa que tem como um dos elementos centrais a educação freiriana. O objetivo do artigo, de caráter teórico, é refletir sobre as possibilidades de processos educativos humanizadores na educação superior, que tenham como propósito a construção da dignidade e da liberdade humana. Em um primeiro momento, tem-se o foco no que significa ser, hoje, um professor comprometido com o processo de humanização, de liberdade e de dignidade dos indivíduos. Em seguida, apresenta-se a contribuição que o processo educativo pode propiciar às pessoas, a fim de fortalecer a humanização e, com isso, ajudar na construção de uma vida mais digna. Na conclusão, ressalta-se a importância de Paulo Freire para o processo educativo e a atuação dos professores da educação superior no desenvolvimento da dignidade e humanização das pessoas.
WOx matchhead-capped ZnO nanorods for gas-blocking and light-masking behavior
Authors: Huang Wen-Chang , Wang Deng-Yi , Lin Tien-Chai , Kuo Chih-Chen , Chen Jyun-Rong , Lee Chang-Hsueh , Chen Hsiang
Published: October 2021

In this study, matchhead WOx-capped ZnO nanorods (NRs) were formed by hydrothermal and sputtering processes. In order to examine the morphology and material properties, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were performed. Amorphous circular-shaped WOx heads were successfully grown on top of ZnO NRs. In order to explore the optical and gas responses of the nanostructures, UV-light responses and H2 gas responses were measured for pure ZnO NRs and WOx/ZnO NRs. The results indicate that the WOx matchhead cap can function like an umbrella to block the light absorption and gas reaction. Furthermore, the light and gas response times were lengthened due to the coverage of the WOx match head. WOx matchhead/ZnO nanocomposites can function as light and gas modulation components for optoelectronic devices.
Memoria de trabajo y habilidades de aprendizaje verbal en estudiantes de cuarto grado de primaria
Authors: Rivera Sánchez Claudia Patricia , Ramos Acosta Lizeth , Pérez Serna Chrystian Mauricio , Salamanca Olga Lizbeth
Published: October 2021

El presente proyecto busca Analizar la relación de la memoria de trabajo con las habilidades de aprendizaje verbal en estudiantes de cuarto grado de primaria de la institución educativa Moderna del municipio de Tuluá, utilizando para ello herramientas como el Trail Making Test, el Taveci y el Promedio académico. Se midieron en total 10 variables cuantitativas, de las cuales se obtuvieron 24 relaciones significativas para los estudiantes de alto desempeño y 6 relaciones significativas para los estudiantes que presentan bajo desempeño, y una variable que se analizó gráficamente que fue el índice de aprendizaje.

Para lograr una producción y comprensión del lenguaje, el cerebro realiza una serie de procesos que activan zonas específicas de la memoria, ya que debe acudir al almacenamiento de conceptos ya sean fonológicos, morfológicos, semánticos, sintácticos o pragmáticos para lograr una relación eficaz entre lo que se habla y la intención con la cual se efectúa la comunicación. Por lo tanto, la memoria es un factor fundamental para la comprensión del lenguaje oral y escrito (Baddeley, 1999).

En este proceso la memoria de trabajo juega un papel importante, dado que hace referencia a la retención y manipulación de información durante cortos períodos de tiempo, en los cuales se realizan acciones más complejas como el razonamiento y la resolución de problemas, además de ser la encargada de manejar conductas según estadios emocionales del organismo; así mismo, permite realizar operaciones de codificación y elaboración de la información para que se integre debidamente a lo que ya posee el ser humano, en ella se evocan los recuerdos que guarda la memoria a largo plazo, lo que le permite al sujeto realizar tareas determinadas (Tirapu & Munóz Céspedes, 2005).

En este orden de ideas, un proceso que hace parte importante en los procesos de memoria a corto y largo plazo, incluyendo la memoria semántica y la discriminación auditiva, es el aprendizaje verbal, pues se refiere a procesos cognitivos que relacionan la memoria y el conocimiento semántico, ya que se ejercita la memoria semántica a corto y largo plazo para la recuperación de información. Aquí juegan un papel importante la conciencia fonológica, el reconocimiento sonido palabra y la comprensión del lenguaje oral, pues son factores implicados en el aprendizaje verbal.
The Effect of Minecraft Video Game on Students’ English Vocabulary Mastery
Authors: Sudarmaji Imam , Yusuf Danu
Published: October 2021

Vocabulary mastery is important to acquire a language. Learning vocabulary has several barriers that slow down the progress. Minecraft application is used as a new method of learning English vocabulary. The goal of this research was to investigate whether there is a significance positive effect after used Minecraft application on students’ vocabulary mastery for 5th grade elementary students. A quasi-experimental method was used in this research with 63 students of SDN Poris Plawad 1 Tangerang, which separated into an experimental group (n=31) and a control group (n=32). The results revealed that Minecraft has better score result than the conventional method. Besides, the students’ behavior also resulted to be better than the conventional method. The survey also revealed that the students agreed that Minecraft was making the learning easier, less boring, less stressful and happier. However, the results could not be generalized due to the small sample taken in this research.
ПЛАВАНИЕ КАК СРЕДСТВО ОЗДОРОВЛЕНИЯ УЧАЩЕЙСЯ МОЛОДЕЖИ
Authors: Исаева М.И.
Published: October 2021

Плавание – вид спорта, в котором двигательные действия выполняются циклично. Занятия плаванием позволяют добиться высокого оздоровительного эффекта, так как двигательные действия совершаются в водной среде. В процессе систематических занятий плаванием существенно повышаются резервные возможности организма, а также отмечается тенденция увеличения уровня физических способностей. Применение плавания на занятиях по физической культуре со студентами в вузе позволяет решить большой круг задач, среди которых основной является оздоровление учащейся молодежи для повышения двигательного потенциала будущего поколения. Материалы статьи рассматривают вопросы организации и оценки эффективности оздоровительных плавательных упражнений со студентами в рамках академических занятий по физическому воспитанию в вузе.
Actions and attitudes on the immunized patients against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: De Lucas Ramos Pilar , García-Botella Alejandra , García-Lledó Alberto , Gómez-Pavón Javier , González del Castillo Juan , Hernández-Sampelayo Teresa , Martín-Delgado Mari Cruz , Martín Sánchez Francisco Javier , Martínez-Sellés Manuel , Molero García José María , Moreno Guillén Santiago , Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando , Ruiz-Galiana Julián , Cantón Rafael , Bouza Emilio
Published: October 2021

The access to COVID vaccines by millions of human beings and their high level of protection against the disease, both in its mild and severe forms, together with a plausible decrease in the transmission of the infection from vaccinated patients, has prompted a series of questions from the members of the College of Physicians of Madrid (ICOMEM) and the society. The ICOMEM Scientific Committee on this subject has tried to answer these questions after discussion and consensus among its members. The main answers can be summarized as follows: The occurrence of new SARS-CoV-2 infections in both vaccinated and previously infected patients is very low, in the observation time we already have. When breakthrough infections do occur, they are usually asymptomatic or mild and, purportedly, should have a lower capacity for transmission to other persons. Vaccinated subjects who have contact with a SARS-CoV-2 infected patient can avoid quarantine as long as they are asymptomatic, although this decision depends on variables such as age, occupation, circulating variants, degree of contact and time since vaccination. In countries with a high proportion of the population vaccinated, it is already suggested that fully vaccinated persons could avoid the use of masks and social distancing in most circumstances. Systematic use of diagnostic tests to assess the immune response or the degree of protection against reinfection after natural infection or vaccination is discouraged, since their practical consequences are not known at this time. The existing information precludes any precision regarding a possible need for future revaccination. This Committee considers that when mass vaccination of health care workers and the general population is achieved, SARS-CoV-2 screening tests could be avoided at least in outpatient care and in the case of exploratory procedures that do not require hospitalization.
Removahedral Congruences versus Permutree Congruences
Authors: Albertin Doriann , Pilaud Vincent , Ritter Julian
Published: October 2021

The associahedron is classically constructed as a removahedron, i.e. by deleting inequalities in the facet description of the permutahedron. This removahedral construction extends to all permutreehedra (which interpolate between the permutahedron, the associahedron and the cube). Here, we investigate removahedra constructions for all quotientopes (which realize the lattice quotients of the weak order). On the one hand, we observe that the permutree fans are the only quotient fans realized by a removahedron. On the other hand, we show that any permutree fan can be realized by a removahedron constructed from any realization of the braid fan. Our results finally lead to a complete description of the type cones of the permutree fans.
Cameron-Liebler $k$-sets in $\mathrm{AG}(n,q)$
Authors: D'haeseleer Jozefien , Ihringer Ferdinand , Mannaert Jonathan , Storme Leo
Published: October 2021

We study Cameron-Liebler $k$-sets in the affine geometry, so sets of $k$-spaces in $\mathrm{AG}(n,q)$. This generalizes research on Cameron-Liebler $k$-sets in the projective geometry $\mathrm{PG}(n,q)$. Note that in algebraic combinatorics, Cameron-Liebler $k$-sets of $\mathrm{AG}(n,q)$ correspond to certain equitable bipartitions of the association scheme of $k$-spaces in $\mathrm{AG}(n,q)$, while in the analysis of Boolean functions, they correspond to Boolean degree $1$ functions of $\mathrm{AG}(n,q)$.

We define Cameron-Liebler $k$-sets in $\mathrm{AG}(n,q)$ by intersection properties with $k$-spreads and show the equivalence of several definitions. In particular, we investigate the relationship between Cameron-Liebler $k$-sets in $\mathrm{AG}(n,q)$ and $\mathrm{PG}(n,q)$. As a by-product, we calculate the character table of the association scheme of affine lines. Furthermore, we characterize the smallest examples of Cameron-Liebler $k$-sets.

This paper focuses on $\mathrm{AG}(n,q)$ for $n > 3$, while the case for Cameron-Liebler line classes in $\mathrm{AG}(3,q)$ was already treated separately.
A Guide to Collagen Sources, Applications and Current Advancements
Authors: Bhaskar Bhadra  , Amrapali Sakpal  , Sonal Patil  , Smita Patil  , Amol Date  , Venkatesh Prasad  , Santanu Dasgupta
Published: October 2021

The increase in use of collagen products in almost every sector of utility has stipulated the rising demand for collagen. It is an essential fibrous glycoprotein, which is abundantly present in the extracellular matrix and connective tissues in many living organisms. Owing to its unique characteristics such as biocompatibility, bioavailability and weak antigenicity it has gained major interest in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, biomedical and leather industries. The collagen-based composites possess an enhanced capacity to dissipate mechanical energy, strength and stiffness making it the most promising biomolecule for its multifaceted applications. Recently, synthetic biology platforms are getting wide attention for the production of non-native collagen alternatives to meet the rising demand for collagen worldwide. In the initial part, this review aims to explain different sources, structures, biosynthesis of collagen and its types followed by the emerging applications of collagen as a next-generation biomaterial in the later part. The article emphasises the synthesis of non-native collagen using novel expression systems like plant and algae in addition to bacteria and yeast with industrial consideration. In the conclusion section, challenges and opportunities of using synthetic biology tools are described.