bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH BENTUK SUDU IMPELLER BERBEDA TERHADAP TEKANAN PADA LUAS PENAMPANG SUCTION DAN DISCHARGE PADA POMPA SENTRIFUGAL MENGGUNAKAN SIMULASI CFD SOLIDWORKS FLOW SIMULATION
Authors: Suliono  , Ghozali Muhamad , Hidayatulloh Deni
Published: June 2024

A device or machine to move fluid fluids or increase fluid pressure. Centrifugal pump is one of the many types of pumps with different ways of working. Centrifugal pumps work by applying centrifugal force to the impeller to suck liquid. This centrifugal force causes vacuum pressure at the suction/inlet and increases the liquid pressure at the discharge/outlet of a liquid. CFD simulation testing and analysis using SOLIDWORKS software to determine variations in physical values such as pressure, discharge, speed and others when modifying parts of the 3D pump model being tested. The results of the first test obtained the highest discharge and torque values of 4 l/s and 1.08 Nm, the second test the discharge and torque decreased to 2.4 l/s and 0.54 Nm and the suction speed increased to 10.88 m/s. In the 3rd test, the outlet pressure rose to 127000 Pa, the speed rose to 7.6 m/s, the torque decreased by 0.17 Nm, and the discharge decreased to 1.69 l/s.
The effect of ballot design for strawberry yogurt analysis using CATA (check-all-that-apply)
Authors:   Universidad Le Cordon Bleu, Jordán-Suárez Oscar , Ramos-Ramírez Miriam ,   Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Minaya-Agüero Pilar ,   Universidad Nacional Federico Villareal,   Universidad Le Cordon Bleu, Tenorio-Domínguez Matilde ,   Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga, Tuesta Tarsila ,   Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Silva-Paz Reynaldo Justino ,   Universidad Nacional de Barranca
Published: June 2024

Sensory evaluation of food is a constantly evolving field, where recently developed analysis methods are on their way to be consolidated. Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) is a rapid method used to describe sensory characteristics of a product through a personalized selection of terms; however, the format in which these terms are presented is not standardized. This study aimed to assess the effect of the design of four CATA ballots for the analysis of strawberry drinkable yogurt. Fifteen descriptive terms were established with the participation of 97 consumers, with 6 terms relating to texture, 5 to taste, and 2 to both appearance and odor. The four ballot models: a) columns, b) vertical list, c) radial distribution, and d) random distribution, were applied to characterize the same commercial brand of yogurt using 150 consumers for each model. According to Cochran’s Q test, significant differences were found for the pink color, acid/sour taste, strawberry odor, creaminess, viscosity, milk odor, and artificial flavor. Among the four ballot models, model C shows less variability in selecting terms. Furthermore, there were found differences among the yogurt samples for physicochemical properties (p-value<0.05) related to instrumental color, pH, titratable acidity, and soluble solids, except for consistency index. Finally, these findings highlight that the ballot design affects consumer responses associated with the visual perception process resulting from the design, as well as the physicochemical characteristics of yogurt derived from the technological process experienced during manufacturing and commercialization.
SAFE LOCK SECURITY PROTOTYPE USING FINGERPRINT AND PIN
Authors: Zain Abdul , Amar Muh Ikhsan , Resky Aprizal , Putriani Andi Ika , Imansyah Nur
Published: June 2024

In general, security safe box is currently still using key combination that has some drawbacks. One of the weaknesses is the risk of lossing of the keys and forgetting the lock codes that impact at users of not being able to operate the safe box. Therefore, the researcher is designing a tool that is more practical and safe that can replace the key of security safe box. In the research,  the researcher uses the method of fingerprint and a PIN by  designing a circuit input tool using the output fingerprint sensor and keypad. For the series of processor,the researcher applies the Arduino microcontroller Uno R3 while for series output the researcher applies  three output circuit such as LCD, Buzzer, and Selenoids. Security tool safe box can only be operated by entering PIN and fingerprint which have been registered. Hence, the users do not need to save an object to operate the safe box. Based on the results of testing, this tool is able to open the safe box by inputting 5 registered  ID interchangeably as much as 25 times. The Solenoids then are able to operate when they are given voltage > 9, 5V 350 mA to 12V 800 mA.
SİBİRYA’NIN DAVETSİZ MİSAFİRLERİ VE SAHA TÜRKLERİ İLE TUNGUZLARIN SOSYO-KÜLTÜREL YAŞANTILARINA DAİR PAYLAŞIMLARI (1800-1850)
Authors: Çınar Gülay Karadağ , Cengiz Celal
Published: June 2024

Avrupa ve Rusya’nın kıskacında Kuzeydoğu Sibirya’da yaşayan Saha Türkleri (Yakutlar) ve Tunguzlar 19. yüzyıl başları itibariyle pek çok yabancıya ev sahipliği yapmışlardır. Söz konusu tarihte Kuzeydoğu Sibirya’ya yönelik ilginin artmasındaki başlıca sebep Rusya ve Avrupa hükümetlerinin bölgenin doğal zenginliklerden istifade edebilme gayretidir. Rusya’nın ikinci hedefi ise tüm Sibirya’yı Rus yerleşimine açarak başka devletlerin hareket kabiliyetini kısıtlamaktır. Davetsiz misafirlerin bir kısmı bölgenin coğrafyasını, ekonomik imkânlarını ve ticari değerini anlamaya çaba sarf ederken bir kısmı siyasi hesaplar peşinde koşmuştur. Her iki amaç doğrultusunda gerçekleştirilen seyahatler bölgenin Türk ve Tunguz soylu halklarını yakından tanıma fırsatı sağlamıştır. Bu çalışma yabancıların gözünden Saha ve Tunguzların kimliğini, karakteristik özelliklerini, sosyal ve kültürel değerlerini ayrıca onları diğerlerinden farklı kılan tüm niteliklerini ele almayı hedeflemiştir. Dolayısıyla seyyahların notları çalışmamızın birincil kaynaklarını oluşturmuştur. Günümüzde tüm topluluklar gibi Saha ve Tunguzların etnik kökenlerini tespit etmek güçtür ve genetik çalışmalar kesin yargıda bulunmak için yeterli sonuç üretememiştir. Bu nedenle insanların davranışları, dilleri ve kültürel özelliklerine yoğunlaşan araştırmalar kimlik tespitine imkân tanımaktadır. Saha ve Tunguzların geç dönem kültürel izleri de esasında onların köklerini teşhise olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışma seyyahların izlenimleri ışığında Saha ve Tunguzların Altay bozkırlarındaki yakın geçmişini gün yüzüne çıkarmış, seleflerinden devraldıkları örf, adet ve gelenekleri kısmen gözler önüne sermiştir. 19. yüzyılın ilk yarısında Saha ve Tunguzlara mahsus sosyal ve kültürel dokunun coğrafi farklılığa ve geçip giden yıllara rağmen atalarıyla uyumu üzerinde durulmuştur. Her iki topluluğun Sibirya coğrafyasının zor koşullarına ve Rusya’nın emperyalist politikasına meydan okuyarak geçmişine sahip çıktığı ve farklılıklarını önemsediği görülmüştür. Özgür ruhlarının, hayvancılığa dayalı ekonomilerinin, beslenme tarzlarının ve Şamanizm merkezinde şekillenen inançlarının ise buna büyük katkı sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Tunguzlar o tarihlerde ren geyiği yetiştiriciliğine dayanan ekonomileriyle ön plana çıkmışlardır. Saha Türklerinin ise kürk avcılığı, balıkçılık ve rengeyiği yetiştiriciliği ile iştigal ettikleri özellikle Yukarı Lena, Aldan, Olekma ve Kolıma nehir çevrelerindeki meralarda yaşayanların at ve sığır yetiştiriciliğinde mahir oldukları görülmüştür.
GREİMAS’LA BİR BAŞKALDIRI HİKAYESİNİ OKUMA: İÇ OĞUZ’A TAŞ OĞUZ ASİ OLUP BEYREK ÖLDÜGİ BOY
Authors: Bars Mehmet Emin
Published: June 2024

Dede Korkut hikâyeleri Oğuzların Kuzey-Doğu Anadolu ve Azerbaycan’da Gürcü, Abaza ve Rumlarla yaptıkları mücadeleleri anlatır. Bu hikâyelerin ikisinde Oğuzların kendi aralarındaki mücadeleleri konu edinir. “Dirse Han Oğlu Boğaç Han Boyu” ile “İç Oğuz’a Taş Oğuz Asi Olup Beyrek Öldügi Boy” Oğuzların iç mücadelelerini anlatır. İlk hikâye baba ile oğlu, ikinci hikâye iki büyük Oğuz boyunu karşı karşıya getirir. “İç Oğuz’a Taş Oğuz Asi Olup Beyrek Öldügi Boy” Dede Korkut anlatılarının en ilgi çekici hikâyelerinden biridir. Boy hem Dresten hem de Vatikan yazmalarının son hikâyesidir. Anlatı iki büyük Oğuz boyunun (Üçoklar-Bozoklar) karşı karşıya geldiği tek hikâyedir. Bu çalışmada “İç Oğuz’a Taş Oğuz Asi Olup Beyrek Öldügi Boy” göstergebilimin kurucularından ve önde gelen temsilcilerinden Algirdas Julien Greimas’ın eyleyenler modeline göre incelenmiştir. Hikâye bugüne kadar çok çeşitli çalışmalara konu edinmesine rağmen göstergebilimsel bir incelemeye tabi tutulmamıştır. Hikâye göstergebilimsel incelemeye uygun bir yapıya sahiptir. Çalışmada öncelikle göstergebilim ile kaynakları ve Greimas’ın eylenler modelinin temel ilkeleri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Sonrasında hikâye J. M. Adam, A. J. Greimas ile P. Larivaille gibi göstergebilimcilerin katkısıyla geliştirilen beşli şema, Greimas’ın oluşturduğu eyleyenler modeli ve göstergebilimsel dörtgene göre değerlendirilmiştir. Buna göre Dış Oğuz’un bağlı bulunduğu İç Oğuz’a isyanının nedeni ve sonuçları yorumlanmıştır. İncelemede bütün hikâyenin Oğuz töresi etrafında şekillendiği görülmüştür. Oğuz töresi eylemlerin temel şekillendiricisidir. Hikâyede eyleyenlerin Oğuz töresinin dışına çıkmaları eylemleri başlatmıştır. Töreye aykırı davranan eyleyenler sırasıyla cezalandırılmıştır. Ancak Beyrek, Oğuz töresinden ayrılmamasına rağmen hayatını kaybetmiştir. Hikâyede Beyrek’in cezalandırılmasına sebep olacak bir eylem yoktur. Bu cezanın sebebi Beyrek’in yer aldığı başka bir Dede Korkut hikâyesinde geçmektedir. Halk bilimi ürünlerinin yorumlanmasında yeni inceleme modellerinden yararlanılmalıdır. Özellikle son dönemlerde dilbiliminde yaşanan gelişmeler metinleri yeniden okumada önemli imkânlar sağlamaktadır. Halk bilimi ürünlerinin incelenmesinde Greimas tarafından oluşturulan eyleyenler modelinin kullanılması metinlerin anlamlandırılmasında yeni okumalara olanak sağlayacaktır. Her geçen gün kullanımı giderek artan bu model, anlatıların yazınsal kimliğini/kurgusal yapısını da ortaya koymaktadır.
TÜRKÇENİN MADDE BAŞI OLARAK KULLANILDIĞI İLK SÖZLÜK: MS. OR. LAUD 202
Authors: Kurtulmuş Fatih
Published: June 2024

Sözlükler, genellikle belirli sistemler çerçevesinde oluşturulan kelime listeleri olarak düşünülebilir; ancak sadece anlamları değil, aynı zamanda milletlerin hafızasını yansıtan önemli kültürel unsurları da içermektedir. Toplumların gelenekleri, kültürel unsurları, folklorik malzemeleri ve benzeri birçok öge sözlüklerde kendine yer bulmaktadır. Türkler tarih boyunca geniş bir coğrafyaya yayılmış ve birçok farklı milletle etkileşimde bulunmuştur. Bu etkileşim sonucunda birçok eser Türkçeye çevrilmiş, Türkçe ve diğer diller arasında kelime alışverişleri yaşanmıştır. Bu durum çok sayıda iki veya daha fazla dili içeren sözlüklerin ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur.
Avrupa, Rönesans ve reform hareketleriyle birlikte bilimsel bir dönüşüm geçirerek kilise merkezli dünya tasavvurunu sarsmıştır. Bu değişim, akıl ve deneyin vurgulanmasıyla birlikte dil çalışmalarını da etkilemiştir. Misyonerlik veya farklı kültürleri tanıma/anlama amacıyla diğer toplulukların dilleri ve kültürleri üzerine araştırmalar başlamıştır. Bu makale özelinde değerlendirilecek olursa; Codex Cumanicus’un yazıldığı dönemden başlayarak öteki’yi -yani Türkleri- anlamak amacıyla da pek çok sözlük ve gramer çalışması yapılmış ve Türkçeye karşı olan ilgi yüzyıllar boyunca azalmadan artarak devam etmiştir.
Bu çalışmada İngiltere Bodleian Kütüphanesi’nde MS. Laud Or. 202 numarasıyla kayıtlı bulunan sözlük tanıtılarak Türk sözlük tarihi içerisindeki yeri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Tespit edilebildiği kadarıyla madde başları Türkçe olan ilk sözlük olma özelliğini taşımaktadır. Öncelikli olarak Osmanlı dönemi sözlük çalışmalarına kısaca yer verildikten sonra Laud 202’nin tavsifi yapılmıştır. Ardından yazılış amacı ortaya konularak metin ile ilgili önemli noktaların üzerinde durulmuştur. Son olarak sözlükte geçen madde başı Türkçe olan kelimeler Arap harfleri ile birlikte verilmiştir.
Electric Field Distribution Study on Effect of Void Location and Size in 3D Model of Cast Resin Dry Type Power Transformer
Authors: Muhamad Nor Asiah , Karama Nurul Najwa , Mohd Jamil Mohamad Kamarol
Published: June 2024

This project studies the electric field distribution within an ideal CRDT containing an air-filled void in the epoxy insulation. Insulation is the most important part of high-voltage equipment. They are vital for isolating conductors and for their performance. The electrical field distribution in a CRDT is described by a three-dimensional field model built using SOLIDWORKS 2020. COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5 software was used to carry out the simulation based on the finite element method (FEM). The model is solved for an ideal condition as a base for further analysis. In addition, an air-filled void is introduced into the model of epoxy insulation to investigate the effect of void presence on the electric field distribution within the transformer. The distribution of the electric field is plotted on a graph, and a certain condition has been applied to the transformer, such as varying the void size and locating the void. It was observed that the electric field is 136 MV/m when the void is located near the LV winding, while it is only 0.246 MV/m when it is close to the magnetic core. It can also be seen that the electric field decreased as the size of the void increased. The findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the electric field response caused by the size and position of the void within the epoxy insulation, as well as the electric field stress, and may provide a path for future researchers to investigate partial discharge.
WinP (Wind Innovation for Localized Power): A Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Design for San Roque, Maco, Comval Province
Authors: Mutoc Jerald , Reyes Jancel , Ramonida Henrix , Fabe Harris , Yamba Zoida , Dapar Rowena , Cuñado Jobe , Malaya Newman
Published: June 2024

This study proposed the development of a renewable energy system named WinP (Wind Innovation for Localized Power) tailored for the localized data of San Roque, Maco, Compostela Valley (Comval) Province. The specific objectives included: 1) Simulating a design that converted wind power to electrical power, meeting the minimum average wind speed of San Roque, Maco, Comval Province using software; and 2) Generating a minimum of 100 watts of electrical power from the system. The design focused on achieving a minimum power output of 100 watts, informed by actual testing data and records from the Agro-Meteorological Research Station-University of Southeastern Philippines (USeP) Tagum Campus. The choice of a vertical wind axis was apt for the recipient community characterized by low-speed winds. The propeller, constructed from aluminum alloy, featured a 13-inch radius (equivalent to 0.33 meters) and was 31 inches long (equivalent to 0.8 meters). During actual testing, the propeller exhibited free rotation at a wind speed of 2.5 m/s, indicating the ideal torque at this velocity. Furthermore, analysis of the testing data revealed that wind speeds ranging from 3.8 m/s to 5.3 m/s successfully achieved the target power output of at least 100 watts. This research bridged the gap between simulation and practical application, demonstrating the viability of the WinP design in harnessing wind energy for sustainable power generation in San Roque.
Evaluating the Minimum Introduction Rate of Electric Vehicles (EVs) into Houses to Fully Leverage PhoTOVOLTAIC (PV) Generation at the Street-Level Areas on Urban Scale
Authors: Wang Hengxuan , Sumiyoshi Daisuke
Published: June 2024

To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the Japanese government is promoting the introduction of distributed energy supply devices, such as photovoltaic, to houses in urban areas. Due to the unstable generation of photovoltaic, it is necessary to control or store surplus electricity to prevent reverse current that could damage the grid. Furthermore, the number of electric vehicles is also increasing recently, and there is a growing interest in utilizing surplus electricity from houses for electric vehicle charging. However, owing to variations in the number and characteristics of houses across different areas of the city, the surplus electricity (photovoltaic generation minus the electricity demand of houses) varies as well. Consequently, the number of electric vehicles needed to store the surplus electricity differs in various urban areas. In this paper, we assessed the minimum EV introduction rate (number of electric vehicles as a percentage of the number of houses) required to fully utilize surplus electricity from houses across all street-level areas in the target city (Fukuoka). We employed travel distance data from Google Maps, occupant behavior schedules, and surplus electricity information from past research to conduct the evaluation. The findings indicate that in the majority of areas within the target city, the minimum electric vehicle’s introduction rate required to fully store surplus electricity from PV installations in houses is below 20%. The critical factor influencing this minimum rate is the proportion of detached houses relative to all houses.
Possibilities of Legal Regulation of the Conservation of Sacred Places within the Cultural Landscape: The Case of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Mussatayeva Farida , Yermagambetova Kuralay , Shamakhay Saira , Baisarina Zhazira , Mustafina Tolganay
Published: June 2024

In recent years, there has been growing attention to the preservation of sacred sites and understanding their significance within the cultural landscape of the Republic of Kazakhstan.  This renewed interest is driven by a revival of national historical and cultural values. The study is relevant since sacred spaces affect the formation of objective historical memory, which is an important component of the national identity. This, in turn, contributes to the consolidation of the people and ensures the national security of the state. The article aims to propose measures (recommendations) to improve legal regulation and preserve the sacred places of the cultural landscape of Kazakhstan. To achieve these objectives, the authors employed methods of theoretical generalization, structural-logical analysis, and synthesis, as well as the method of expert survey. The paper identifies the main problems in the implementation of legal norms for the conservation of cultural landscapes and suggests potential solutions to overcome these challenges. It also outlines measures to increase public participation in the preservation of the cultural landscape. This study concludes that it is necessary to popularize knowledge about the specific features of sacred places in a particular region, develop a program for the preservation of the cultural landscape, and advise residents on the methods and means of preserving sacred places.
Atorvastatin can inhibit ovarian cancer by decreasing VEGF, TGF-β1 and increasing cytochrome-c and caspase-3 expressions
Authors: Chen HongJu , Shi HuaiJing , Jiang XinYan
Published: June 2024

Objective: Atorvastatin (ATV), being widely utilized in clinical practice, is recognized as a prevalent cancer drug with established safety profiles. The objective of this study was to examine the potential anti-tumor effects of ATV in ovarian cancer (OC), as well as explore its underlying mechanism.
Methods: The CCK-8 method was employed to assess the efficacy of ATV on both OC cells and normal ovarian epithelial cells. Furthermore, the anti-proliferative impact of ATV on OC cells was determined through CCK-8 and colony formation techniques. Additionally, flow cytometry was employed to detect apoptosis in SKOV3 cells, while Transwell assays were utilized to assess cell migration and invasion. Western Blot analysis was conducted to evaluate EMT-related proteins (E-cadherin, Vimentin, and N-cadherin), as well as VEGF, TGF-β1, cytochrome-c, and caspase-3.
Result: ATV had dose-dependent and time-dependent anti-tumor activity on SKOV3 cells, which promoted apoptosis of tumor cells, significantly up-regulated E-cadherin, cytochrome-c, and caspase3, and downregulated Vimentin, N-cadherin, VEGF, and TGF-β1.
Conclusion: ATV exhibits anti-tumor properties on SKOV3 cells by modulating various cellular factors, including reducing VEGF and TGF-β1 levels, enhancing cytochrome-c and caspase-3 expression, and inhibiting tumor invasion and metastasis. The findings of this study contribute to the establishment of a scientific foundation for the potential clinical utilization of ATV in the management of OC.
Bioanalytical method validation for therapeutic drug monitoring of olaparib in patients with ovarian cancer
Authors: Lewandowski Konrad , Karbownik Agnieszka , Czyrski Andrzej , Urjasz Hanna , Stanisławiak-Rudowicz Joanna , Grześkowiak Edmund , Szałek Edyta
Published: June 2024

Olaparib, an oral poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, is a relatively new anticancer drug. It is essential to find TDM-guided dosage for better safety and tolerability of patients. However, first, it is important to develop a suitable analytical method to conduct reliable TDM. The aim of the study was the validation of UPLC-MS/MS method for TDM of olaparib in patients with ovarian cancer, with a particular attention to optimization of recovery. The validation of the method under analysis were accomplished by the ICH guidelines. The recovery of olaparib was optimized with the Central Composite Design (CCD). The TDM study was conducted on 10 patients with ovarian cancer treated with olaparib. The method validation was characterized by good precision (CV <9.09%), accuracy (89.23-111.08%) and linearity (r=0.9993) within the range of 100-20,000 ng/mL, with limits of detection of 30 ng/mL. The ten-minute shaking time combined with 100% acetonitrile resulted in an estimated value of 98% for recovery and the observed value of 98%. The olaparib concentrations in the patients’ plasma were 1078.2-16773.8 ng/mL. A wide range of olaparib concentrations was observed in the patients reported adverse reactions included: anemia (grade 1, n=2), neutropenia (grade 1, n=1), and hyperkeratinemia (grade 1, n=1). The method validation included all required procedures showing that the measurement of olaparib concentrations in the plasma was reliable for the intended application, such as TDM.
Drug-drug interaction between pachymic acid and repaglinide in rats and its potential mechanism
Authors: Gu Jing , Zhang Hui , Li Xinxin
Published: June 2024

Both repaglinide and pachymic acid are useful for reducing blood glucose, but the drug interactions between them are not known. This study aimed to explore the effect of pachymic acid on the pharmacokinetics of repaglinide in rats and to elucidate its mechanism. The effects of pachymic acid (5 and 10 mg/kg) on the pharmacokinetics of repaglinide (0.5 mg/kg) were investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6) with a single dose of repaglinide as a control. LC-MS/MS was used to determine the plasma concentration of repaglinide. Furthermore, the effect of pachymic acid on the metabolic stability of repaglinide and CYP3A4 activity was assessed in rat liver microsomes (RLMs). The co-administration of repaglinide and pachymic acid caused considerable changes in the pharmacokinetics of repaglinide, as shown by an increase in Cmax, t1/2, and AUC(0-t), and a decrease in CLz/F. The effect of pachymic acid was enhanced with increasing concentration. In vitro, pachymic acid showed a significant improvement of the metabolic stability of repaglinide in RLMs and inhibited the activity of CYP3A4. Co-administration of repaglinide with pachymic acid increased the systemic exposure of repaglinide and improved its metabolic stability in rats, which was mediated by CYP3A4. The results of animal studies cannot be directly applied to clinical practice, but concomitant administration of repaglinide and pachymic acid should be avoided or monitored until interaction studies are performed in humans.
On the autonomy of mystical perception
Authors: Hobohm Uwe
Published: June 2024

While fleeting mystical encounters have been described in the literature, these experiences were hardly considered in the cognitive sciences appropriately once they culminated into a permanent state of consciousness, the mystical mind. In general mystical accounts were either interpreted as impermanent subjective feelings or mystical experiences are discussed within and mixed with religious belief systems rather than external to religion.

In the following I will present evidence that the mystical mind is a genuine, distinct, permanent mental state separate from the well known and more or less well characterized mental states coma, dream, dreamless sleep, athletes "flow", five-sense-perception, deep meditation, normal daytime awareness. The fully transformed mystical mind is not average consciousness plus some features, but another kind of consciousness. Its achievement has deep philosophical ramifications in finding the purpose of life.

I will collect mystical mind characteristics from literature usually not considered within the natural sciences and show that these characteristics have been described again and again with great coincidence over the last 4000 years, in particular in asian cultures. It is a mental state of non-verbal, non-rational awareness, a particular form of permanent intuition.

Compared to five-senses perception and rational thinking, this form of intuition delivers another, but not necessarily inferior, picture about ourselves, our relations with other people and what constitutes reality, therefore representing an autonomous state of perception.

I will argue that the mystical mind can and should be investigated separate from religious belief and ordinary five-senses perception.
Saltwater Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers: A Comprehensive Review and Case Studies from Egypt
Authors: M. Saqr Ahmed , Abd-Elmaboud Mahmoud E.
Published: June 2024

There is no doubt that groundwater plays an essential role in people’s lives, especially in coastal areas. Therefore, it is very important to tackle this vital source of water from a strategic point of view and provide a management plan to conserve it at an ideal state. Moreover, the salination of groundwater is a serious matter that faces coastal communities due to the excessive pumping of groundwater from coastal aquifers, decrease in recharge, sea level rise, climate change, and other causes. Saltwater intrusion (SWI) is one of the most common problems that must be put into consideration, and it is considered a major risk to groundwater quantity and quality. It occurs when saline water is allowed to enter coastal aquifers to cause contamination of freshwater storage. The main objective of this review article is to highlight the definition of this phenomenon, its causes, the factors affecting it, and different monitoring techniques. In addition, different modeling methods, and management tools, including remote sensing, field surveys, modeling methods, and optimization techniques, are discussed. To avoid the harmful effects of SWI, several countermeasures to control it are illustrated with their advantages and disadvantages. In the final part, Also, some previous work related to SWI worldwide and case studies from the Nile Delta, Sinai Peninsula, and the North-West coast in Egypt will be overviewed. From these research studies, suggestions, adaption, and mitigation measures can be implemented for future studies.
Terepfelmérés és modellezés egyvonalas létesítmény megtervezéséhez
Authors: Szilvási Marcell
Published: June 2024

A Miskolci Egyetem sportközpontja területére tervezett rekortánborítású futókör megtervezése. A terepi geodéziai adatgyűjtés egy totál mérőállomás és a hozzá tartozó prizma segítségével történt meg. Az adatfeldolgozás és a terepi modellezés a Microsoft Excel, majd a Golden Software Surfer programmal történt. Három különálló nyomvonalterv készült el, amelyeknek vannak előnyei, hátrányai. Ezen tervek különböző nyomtávszélességeihez költségkalkuláció is készült árajánlatokra támaszkodva.
A hegesztési sebesség varrattulajdonságokra gyakorolt hatásának vizsgálata S355 típusú acél hegesztésénél
Authors: Fazekas Csaba , Szigeti Ferenc
Published: June 2024

Hegesztett kötéseket készítettünk ömlesztő hegesztőeljárással a hídszerkezetek gyártásában gyakran alkalmazott S355J2+N Z15 ötvözetlen acéllemez felhasználásával annak vizsgálatára, hogy az MSZ EN ISO 15614-1 szabványban előírt hőbeviteli értékektől való eltérés milyen mértékben változtatja meg a hegesztett kötések tulajdonságait. A hegesztett kötéseken roncsolásos és roncsolásmentes vizsgálatokat végeztünk. A hőbevitel jelentős változtatása legnagyobb mértékben a hegesztett kötés keménység- és ütőmunkaértékeit befolyásolta. A vizsgálati eredmények és a kísérleti tapasztalatok hozzájárulhatnak a vizsgált típusú és lemezvastagságú acélok helyes hegesztéstechnológiájának kidolgozásához, valamint a gyártás során keletkező hegesztési hibák csökkentéséhez.
Ciclo orçamentário e accountability tardio: diagnóstico a respeito do julgamento político das prestações de contas governamentais no âmbito dos Estados
Authors: Landin Macedo João Paulo
Published: June 2024

The normative scenario configured by the 1988 Constitution, in matters of public finances, reveals a dynamic structured based on the notion of budget cycle. However, the materialization of the processes that make up this cycle is permeated by decision-making operated from a perspective of supervision of social bodies and institutionalized control. In this sense, the theoretical framework regarding horizontal accountability emerges, according to O'Donnell's (1998) categorization, which translates in the issuance of the preliminary opinion by the Audit Courts and the subsequent political judgment issued of Parliament. Having as its object of work the temporal profile of the political judgment of government accounts, this paper proposes to investigate the existence of empirical distortions concerning the process of assessment and judgment of the accounts of the head of the Executive Branch of the States, and where possible delays arise – whether in the assessment and sending of the preliminary opinion by the accounting body or in the processing of the document in the legislative houses. Therefore, in methodological terms, for the purpose of articulating the diagnosis on a legal-exploratory basis, we opted for a sample selection stratified into subgroups referring to the five historically recognized regions, choosing the most populous federated entity in each region as a critical case for analysis, which takes place through the mobilization of qualitative data, extracted from primary sources (legislative decrees, draft legislative decrees and previous opinions), with a documentary analytical focus, taking as a focus the period referring to the accounts from 2010 to 2020.
A Nova Lei de Licitações e Contratos: as perspectivas dos Tribunais de Contas do Nordeste
Authors: De Sousa Gomes Jordânia , Carvalho de Vasconcelos Alessandra , Cézar de Aquino Cabral Augusto
Published: June 2024

Purchases in public administration follow legal procedures, and managers need to be aware of the financial and budgetary aspects and the requirements of the New Law on Bidding and Contracts. Law nº 14.133/2021 is currently being adapted, and the Courts of Auditors are responsible for overseeing the use of public funds by governments. In this context, this study aims to describe the main topics discussed in the Court of Auditors of the states of the Brazilian Northeast regarding the New Law on Bidding and Contracts. The documentary, descriptive, predominantly qualitative research, with data from the period 2021 to 2023, was carried out based on official materials obtained from the transparency website of the courts of audit. For the proposed analysis, in light of the text of the new law, the courts' perspectives were grouped into seven central and related themes (categories): governance, planning, training, innovative Information and Communication Technology (ICT) solutions, risk plan, sustainability and compliance. Based on the highest average occurrences of the categories surveyed, the results indicated that the Courts of Audit of Rio Grande do Norte and Bahia had the best performances in perspectives on the central points of the new law on bidding and contracts. In addition, the categories of planning, training and risk plan were the most discussed by the courts in the Northeast of Brazil, while the topic of sustainability, despite its relevance, was little addressed by the courts in the period analyzed.
Herbal Modification of Allopathic Analgesic Drug
Authors: Sharma Ashish  , Chawla Sonia
Published: June 2024

The integration of herbal medicine with allopathic analgesic drugs has gained attention as a strategy to improve pain management outcomes. This systematic review synthesizes the existing literature on herbal modification of allopathic analgesic drugs. Key herbs such as turmeric (Curcuma longa), ginger (Zingiber officinale), and willow bark (Salix spp.) are explored for their analgesic properties and potential synergies with conventional pain medications. Mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic interactions, and clinical evidence supporting their combined use are discussed. Challenges including standardization, safety, and regulatory considerations are also addressed. This review provides insights into the integration of herbal remedies into allopathic pain management protocols and identifies areas for future research.
Optimizing Police and Military Academy Training: Implementing a Tiered Education Program through Comprehensive Cadet Assessments
Authors: Dr. Michail St. Fountoulakis
Published: June 2024

This article explores implementing a tiered education program during the final year of a four-year training cycle for cadets in police and military academies. The program aims to optimize cadet training by addressing individual strengths and needs through a comprehensive assessment framework, with a specific focus on English as a Second Language (ESL) and English for Specific Purposes (ESP). This research, based on teaching experiences at the Hellenic Police Officers School and Hellenic Army Academy, as well as data from the Polish Naval Academy and the University of Defence of the Czech Republic, investigates the benefits and challenges of this approach. The study includes over 500 cadets from different academies. A mixed-methods approach was used: quantitative data from standardized assessments and performance metrics, and qualitative data from surveys and interviews with cadets and instructors. This enabled a comprehensive evaluation of the tiered program's impact on cadet performance and preparedness. The central research question is: How can a tiered education program enhance cadet training in police and military academies without being discriminatory? Findings show significant improvements in cadet performance and preparedness, with considerations for fairness and inclusivity. Potential biases in the assessment process were mitigated using robust criteria and continuous evaluations to maintain transparency and equity. Ethical considerations, including anonymization and confidentiality of participant data, were strictly adhered to. The discussion highlights practical implications, limitations, and future research dimensions, suggesting that this project could be expanded to further enhance training programs in both police and military education contexts.
Cuidados Paliativos e Representações Sociais para Cuidadores de Pacientes Oncológicos em Cuidados Paliativos Exclusivos: uma Análise Exploratória
Authors: Gonçalves Izaura , Ramos Raquel de Souza , Gomes Antonio Marcos Tosoli , Oliveira Luciana Aparecida Faria de , Bernardes Margarida Maria Rocha , Dib Rachel Verdan
Published: June 2024

Introdução: O cuidado informal do paciente oncológico sem possibilidade curativa abrange demandas físicas, emocionais e espirituais importantes no decorrer da doença, sendo pouco abordadas. Objetivo: Analisar a estrutura das representações sociais dos cuidados paliativossob a ótica do cuidador do paciente oncológico em cuidado paliativo exclusivo. Método: Natureza qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória embasada na teoria das representações sociais. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre julho e setembro de 2023 em um hospital federal referência em oncologia, no município do Rio de Janeiro, com 100 cuidadores principais ou secundários, sem vínculo de trabalho para exercer tal papel. Foram coletadas as evocações livres ao termo indutor “cuidados paliativos” e aplicado o questionário para caracterização dos cuidadores majoritariamente do sexo feminino (75%) e considerados cuidadores de 1o grau (52%), posteriormente, foram analisadas com o software IRAMUTEq, versão 0.7. Resultados: Provável núcleo central: “sem tratamento” (Ordem Média de Evocação – OME 2, frequência 41), “conforto” (OME 2, frequência 25), “controle sintomático” (OME 1,8, frequência 25) e “terminalidade” (OME 2, frequência 21). Identificou-se o predomínio de ideias relativas à doença. Em contrapartida, foi evidenciada a relevância de aspectos subjetivos que podem fragilizar paciente e cuidador. Conclusão: As representações sociais dos cuidadores estão ancoradas na terminalidade, ausência de tratamento, conforto e controle de sintomas, cuja ótica do cuidador envolve aspectos subjetivos de enfrentamento e confirma a ideia de finitude, porém compreendem que o bem-estar do paciente pode ser favorecido por ações técnicas e assistenciais vinculadas à hospitalização.
Cosmic Subjectivity in Ibn ‘Ajība’s Qur’ānic Exegesis
Authors: Golovacheva Mariya
Published: June 2024

In his autobiography the Moroccan Sufi Aḥmad Ibn ‘Ajība cites an incident in which his saintly grandmother gives a command to a snake and the reptile fulfils the lady’s order. Undoubtedly, the story demonstrates the special powers granted to the saintly woman, but is the snake she interacts with also special? Or do natural entities in general understand and know more than we ordinarily think? Whereas the Qur’ān repeatedly emphasises the “animated quality of nature,” portraying the conscious, knowing and even wise cosmos, the works of exegesis often interpret such verses metaphorically (majāz) as eloquent expressions of God’s power and universal submission to it. How to reconcile this widespread figurative understanding with the numerous Sufi accounts of the alive, knowing, and understanding cosmos (similar to the incident mentioned by Ibn ‘Ajība)? To answer this question and more broadly, to reflect upon the understudied issue of cosmic subjectivity in the Sufi works of tafsīr, this article looks into Ibn ‘Ajība’s Qur’ānic commentary al-Baḥr al-Madīd (The Immense Ocean), which masterfully blends exoteric and esoteric approaches to the scripture and which is aimed at general public (rather than the initiates on the Sufi path). Whereas the Sufi master himself clearly perceives everything in creation as an understanding subject, he also succeeds in seamlessly bringing together various interpretations (including purely metaphorical readings), recognising their validity and suitability for different audiences. The highest level, however, is to realise that the literal meaning of the Qur’ānic description of the cosmos accurately captures the aspects of reality hidden from senses: the spiritually enlightened actually “see” with the eye of baṣīra that the cosmos is alive, conscious, and knowledgeable, and that everything in it is ultimately a vessel manifesting Divine names.
The Influence of Mass Media and Social Networks on the Spread of Slang
Authors: Ly Ngoc Toan
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the influence of mass media and social networks on the proliferation of youth slang. The theoretical framework integrates Rogers' (2003) diffusion of innovations theory and Bandura's (1977) social learning theory. Rogers' theory elucidates how an innovation, such as youth slang, diffuses through a social system, shaped by factors like relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability. Bandura's theory explains how individuals acquire and adopt new behaviors through observation and imitation, emphasizing the role of environmental and social factors. Employing a qualitative approach, data will be collected from television programs, films, and social media platforms where youth slang is prevalent. NVivo 14 qualitative data analysis software will analyze the collected data to identify patterns, themes, and underlying mechanisms driving slang diffusion.  The findings aim to provide insights into how mass media and social networks facilitate the spread of youth slang through observational learning, social influence, and the diffusion of linguistic innovations. By integrating th ese theoretical perspectives, the study seeks to contribute to the understanding of slang propagation dynamics in the digital era, informing efforts to address language evolution and promote effective intergenerational communication. An evaluation of the research process and potential solutions for mitigating negative impacts will be included.
Complicaciones dermatológicas de los tatuajes: abordaje para el médico general
Authors: Llamas Castellanos Bruny Carolina , Morales Cardona Camilo Andrés
Published: June 2024

Introducción: los tatuajes permanentes han tenido un gran auge durante las tres últimas décadas, por lo tanto, las complicaciones dermatológicas asociadas a este procedimiento también se han incrementado, y cada vez son más frecuentes en los servicios de urgencias y consulta externa, donde son abordados por el médico de atención primaria. Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda ampliada de la literatura en inglés, español y francés en las bases de datos PubMed, Medscape, Embase, LILACS, Ovid y Google Scholar. También se llevó a cabo una búsqueda manual de las referencias de los artículos seleccionados. Se utilizaron palabras claves como tatuajes permanentes, complicaciones cutáneas, tintas, leyes, entre otros. La literatura fue seleccionada teniendo en cuenta su calidad metodológica y científica; se excluyeron los artículos que trataban de tatuajes de henna y temporales. Resultados: se evidenció un vacío en la literatura, que no sólo limita el acceso al conocimiento sobre el tema, sino que dificulta el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno de las complicaciones de los tatuajes, por parte del médico general. Conclusión: los tatuajes alteran la barrera física e inmunológica que proporciona la piel. Reconocer las manifestaciones clínicas de sus complicaciones aporta elementos valiosos para su prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento.
Implante valvular aórtico transcatéter en insuficiencia aórtica pura: Una opción para pacientes de alto riesgo
Authors: Bohórquez-Rivero José de Jesús , Torrens-Soto Jeison , Rúa Osorio Zenen , Renowitzky Zabarain Carlos , Quintero Baiz Adalberto , Vallejo García Franco , Cotes Aroca Carlos
Published: June 2024

Introducción: El implante percutáneo de válvula aórtica ((TAVI; por su sigla en inglés: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) es una técnica de intervencionismo estructural cardiaco ampliamente conocida, que se ha convertido en uno de los pilares de tratamiento para pacientes con estenosis aórtica, con evidencia que soporta su uso independientemente del riesgo quirúrgico. Para pacientes con insuficiencia aortica severa sintomática se establece la intervención quirúrgica como primera opción, sin embargo, las actuales guías de manejo no proporcionan recomendaciones en cuanto al manejo percutáneo. Caso clínico: se presenta el primer caso de implante de válvula aórtica transcatéter en paciente con diagnóstico de insuficiencia aórtica pura, en la región Caribe colombiana. Conclusión: no existe una recomendación establecida que soporte la indicación de TAVI para pacientes con IA pura. Es importante una adecuada valoración previa que debe incluir cardioimágenes para seleccionar adecuadamente al paciente teniendo en cuenta el riesgo importante de complicaciones.
¿Qué hace un lingüista? Una introducción para zombis
Authors: Sanz Martin Blanca Elena
Published: June 2024

La dificultad que implica la interrogante “¿qué hace un lingüista?” radica en que suele haber una serie de falsas creencias en torno al objeto de estudio de la Lingüística. Muchos creen que se limita a escribir bien o a hablar correctamente, lo cual está muy alejado de la realidad.Asimismo, se suele creer que el campo laboral para quien estudia la Lingüística se limita a dar clases de español y que no hay más. Esa idea está muy alejada de la realidad, como también lo trata esta obra. Por eso, este libro pretende desmitificar algunas de estas creencias y esclarecer el objeto de estudio de la disciplina. El libro está organizado en torno a las interrogantes que suele causar confusión entre quienes no están familiarizados con el quehacer de un lingüista. Al mismo tiempo, la obra puede servir como una pequeña introducción para aquellos que quieran contar con un panorama general de la Lingüística.
¿Qué hace un lingüista? Una introducción para zombis
Authors: Sanz Martin Blanca Elena
Published: June 2024

La dificultad que implica la interrogante “¿qué hace un lingüista?” radica en que suele haber una serie de falsas creencias en torno al objeto de estudio de la Lingüística. Muchos creen que se limita a escribir bien o a hablar correctamente, lo cual está muy alejado de la realidad. Asimismo, se suele creer que el campo laboral para quien estudia la Lingüística se limita a dar clases de español y que no hay más. Esa idea está muy alejada de la realidad, como también lo trata esta obra. Por eso, este libro pretende desmitificar algunas de estas creencias y esclarecer el objeto de estudio de la disciplina. El libro está organizado en torno a las interrogantes que suele causar confusión entre quienes no están familiarizados con el quehacer de un lingüista. Al mismo tiempo, la obra puede servir como una pequeña introducción para aquellos que quieran contar con un panorama general de la Lingüística.
Karakteristik Penderita Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Ashar Magguliling Tayibu  , Syamsu Rijal  , Inna Mutmainnah Musa  , Prema Hapsari  , Pratiwi Natsir
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini menginvestigasi karakteristik pasien Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Kota Makassar, menyadari bahwa GERD merupakan penyakit kronis yang umum terjadi di masyarakat dengan potensi komplikasi jangka panjang seperti barrett’s esophagus. Meskipun prevalensi GERD di Asia relatif rendah dibandingkan dengan negara Barat, tetapi beberapa penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan prevalensi di beberapa negara Asia. Faktor-faktor seperti usia, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), dan riwayat penyakit serta pola hidup yang tidak sehat dapat memengaruhi terjadinya GERD. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melengkapi penelitian sebelumnya yang hanya meneliti karakteristik pasien GERD terutama dalam hal usia dan jenis kelamin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional dengan menggunakan data rekam medis dari Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Kota Makassar pada periode 2021-2022. Dari hasil penelitian, mayoritas pasien GERD adalah perempuan, berusia dewasa muda (20-44 tahun), dengan IMT normal, bekerja sebagai Ibu Rumah Tangga (IRT), riwayat penyakit gastritis, dan mengalami keluhan nyeri epigastrium (heartburn). Implikasi dari penelitian ini mencakup pentingnya pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang karakteristik pasien GERD untuk meningkatkan manajemen dan pengobatan yang tepat serta upaya pencegahan yang lebih efektif.
Integrated Design Optimization Process for Building Projects
Authors: Aslay Semi Emrah , Dede Tayfun , Kaveh Ali
Published: June 2024

In this study, a cost-design optimization is conducted for a reinforced concrete structure with irregular voids and inclined axes, which is a real-world application. Data transfers are performed on a 3D model to achieve the optimization. Data exchange is managed automatically by the created software program. As an application example, a hospital building with 10 beds is considered. Optimum design and minimum cost values are obtained for optimization processes using the Rao algorithms. The construction cost values are compared both among algorithms and with actual cost values, indicating a successful optimization process. The software program developed in this study accelerates the processes in optimization operations, thereby contributing to the realization of automatic data transfers.