bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penegakan Hukum Peraturan Daerah Nomor 11 Tahun 2015 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Reklame di Kabupaten Kendal Oleh Satuan Poisi Pamong Praja
Authors: Putra Diaz Angger Novarizhendy , Listyarini Dyah , Megawati Wenny
Published: May 2024

In the business world, advertising plays a crucial role in the success of a company's marketing of goods and services. Billboards, banners, and advertising banners on the streets have become common as effective tools for introducing products or services to the public. This research employs a qualitative method with a focus on advertising enforcement by the Regional Police Unit in Kendal Regency. This approach allows for a direct relationship between the researcher and the respondents. The results indicate that the enforcement of advertising laws in accordance with Regional Regulation Number 11 of 2015 has been implemented. Preventive law enforcement methods are utilized, such as verbal warnings to individuals who violate regulations by placing advertisements in unauthorized locations. Despite effective law enforcement, there are still issues with some individuals not fully complying with the regulations. Some prohibited advertisements mandated by the government remain in place, indicating suboptimal implementation of these regulations. In such cases, non-compliant advertisements can be dismantled in accordance with the rules established in the Regional Regulation of Kendal Regency.
Penegakan Hukum terhadap Peraturan Daerah Nomor 6 Tahun 2012 Tentang Pengelolaan Sampah dan Sanksi Hukum Serta Kendalanya Di Kota Semarang
Authors: Wulansari Mutia , Listyarini Dyah , Rochmani Rochmani
Published: May 2024

Waste, as a byproduct of human activities or natural processes, poses a serious issue due to its substantial and challenging quantity. Problems include waste piles in urban areas and a lack of waste disposal areas around street vendors. This research, titled "Law Enforcement on Regional Regulation No. 6 of 2012 Regarding Waste Management and Legal Sanctions and Challenges in Semarang City," aims to elucidate how the law is applied concerning waste management in Semarang City. This non-doctrinal study employs a normative-empirical juridical approach with a qualitative method. The research is conducted at the Environmental Agency of Semarang City, with primary data sources consisting of interviews with stakeholders from the Waste Management Department and secondary data from legal materials. Data analysis utilizes a qualitative narrative method. Research findings indicate that law enforcement related to Regional Regulation No. 6 of 2012 in Semarang City has been implemented by the local government in accordance with existing provisions. However, deficiencies in community participation persist, such as the habit of improper waste disposal and inadequate waste bin provision. This is attributed to the cultural norm of indiscriminate waste disposal that has become prevalent in society. Additionally, public understanding of "Regional Regulation No. 6 of 2012" regarding Waste Management remains insufficient, particularly regarding the legal penalties for violating the provisions of the regulation.
The Environmental Sustainability Potential of Autonomous Vehicles: An Overview
Authors: Szűcs Herman , Szűcs Jozefin
Published: May 2024

The optimization of transportation systems and the integration of autonomous vehicles (AV) are significantly transforming urban mobility and exerting outstanding effects from an environmental perspective. This article examines the possibilities of autonomous vehicles in reducing traffic congestion, emissions, and energy consumption. The optimized driving style of AVs, dynamic route planning, and enhanced intersection systems have a profound impact on emission reduction. The article also delves into current development trends and challenges, encompassing advancements in AV sensing technologies, traffic safety, and cybersecurity. These findings collectively suggest that the deployment of autonomous vehicles brings substantial benefits to sustainable urban mobility; however, further development is necessary to support the widespread adoption of AVs and strengthen societal trust.
Outcomes and genetic dynamics of acute myeloid leukemia at first relapse
Authors: Bataller Alex , Kantarjian Hagop , Bazinet Alexandre , Kadia Tapan , Daver Naval , DiNardo Courtney D. , Borthakur Gautam , Loghavi Sanam , Patel Keyur , Tang Guilin , Sasaki Koji , Short Nicholas J. , Yilmaz Musa , Issa Ghayas C. , Alvarado Yesid , Montalban-Bravo Guillermo , Maiti Abhishek , Abbas Hussein A. , Takahashi Koichi , Pierce Sherry , Jabbour Elias , Garcia-Manero Guillermo , Ravandi Farhad
Published: May 2024

Patients with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (rAML) experience dismal outcomes. We performed a comprehensive analysis of patients with rAML to determine the genetic dynamics and survival predictive factors. We analyzed 875 patients with newly diagnosed AML who received intensive treatment (IT) or low-intensity treatment (LIT). Of these patients, 197 experienced subsequent rAML. Data was available for 164 patients, with a median time from CR/CRi to relapse of 6.5 months. Thirty-five of the 164 patients (21%) experienced relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). At relapse mutations in genes involved in pathway signaling tended to disappear, whereas clonal hematopoiesis-related mutations or TP53 tended to persist. Patients with normal karyotypes tended to acquire cytogenetic abnormalities at relapse. Patients treated with IT had a higher emergence rate of TP53 mutations (16%), compared to patients treated with LIT (1%, P = 0.009). The overall response rates were 38% and 35% for patients treated with salvage IT or LIT, respectively. Seventeen patients (10%) underwent alloSCT after salvage therapy. The median overall survival (OS) duration after relapse was 5.3 months, with a 1-year OS rate of 17.6%. Complex karyotype (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.14, P < 0.001), a KMT2A rearrangement (HR = 3.52, P = 0.011), time in remission < 12 months (HR = 1.71, P = 0.011), and an elevated white blood cell count at relapse (HR = 2.38, P = 0.005) were independent risk factors for OS duration. More effective frontline and maintenance therapies are warranted to prevent rAML.
STRATEGI GURU AGAMA HINDU MENGATASI KETERBATASAN SUMBER PENDIDIKAN HINDU DI SMPN KECAMATAN GUNUNG BINTANG AWAI KABUPATEN BARITO SELATAN
Authors: Kasih Dona Mutiara , Mujiyono Mujiyono , Astawa I Nyoman Sidi
Published: May 2024

This thesis examines the strategies of Hindu religious teachers in overcoming the limited resources of Hindu education at SMPN Gunung Bintang Awai District. The phenomenon that occurs is the limited number of Hindu religious teaching books, journals, pictures and symbols of the Hindu religion, the difficulty of the internet network which causes the learning of Hinduism to be less or not optimal. This research aims to examine and describe the strategies of Hindu religious teachers in overcoming the limited resources of Hindu education. This thesis uses a qualitative descriptive method with an emic approach. The results of the analysis studied using theory explain the strategies implemented by teachers at SMPN Gunung Bintang Awai District, namely participating in training, group work, accessing material from the internet, increasing teacher creativity, textbooks as learning resources and utilizing the learning environment. At SMPN Gunung Bintang Awai District, the use of educational resources is still not optimal because the availability of educational resources in these schools is still insufficient, teachers are less creative and innovative in overcoming limited learning resources such as conducting research and making learning books or modules.
Literature Review: Group Guidance Techniques to Reduce Public Speaking Anxiety
Authors: Yuliska Putri Fharoza , Nurwahidin M. , Rahmayanthi Ranny
Published: May 2024

The occurrence of anxiety in public speaking can occur anywhere and to anyone. The problem that often arises at this time, the tendency of a person will experience anxiety when talking about something in a crowd that is influenced by the person himself. The current problem in schools in Bandar Lampung, a student will tend to feel depressed if the teacher asks him to perform in front of the class, the student will feel threatened if he gets a question directed at him. For this reason, this research seeks to explain group guidance techniques to reduce public speaking anxiety in literature. This research uses the SLR Method used to identify, review, evaluate, and interpret all available research with the topic area of the phenomenon of interest. The results showed that group guidance techniques are effective in reducing public speaking anxiety. Through this technique, individuals can identify the causes of their anxiety, learn coping strategies, and gain support from group members. This can increase confidence in public speaking and reduce anxiety symptoms. Thus, the Group Guidance Technique can be an effective approach in helping individuals overcome public speaking anxiety.
Implementation of Digital-Based Learning Media on Thematic Material on Students’ Scientific Abilities
Authors: Mansur M. , Nurwahidin Muhammad , Herpratiwi Herpratiwi
Published: May 2024

Learning applied to elementary school-age children is very crucial, because the methods and processes of teaching teachers seem to force students to be able to achieve predetermined competencies. This research uses the (SLR) method. regarding research methods: "Literature" which means it is a critical analysis of the research that is being carried out on a special topic or in the form of a question to a part of science. helps us in compiling a framework that is in accordance with the theory, findings, and results of previous research in solving the problem exposure in the research conducted. The implementation of digital-based learning media on thematic material on scientific abilities can be used optimally, especially for elementary school level students, using digital-based media can certainly stimulate the cognitive, affective and psychomotor abilities of students, especially in accordance with the characteristics of 21st century learning where modern learning utilizes the sophistication of information and communication technology, the role of the teacher as a facilitator is very important in creating interesting and fun learning
Supply Chain Inventory Optimization With Multiple Types of Customers and Equal Priorities: A Study Using Heuristic and Simulation Methods
Authors: Li Bo
Published: May 2024

In this study, the optimal inventory policies for a supply chain with multiple types of customers is investigated to minimize the total inventory cost. Each customer type has specific demand patterns in terms of ordering frequency and order quantity; moreover, there is no difference in priority among the customers. Due to the computational complexity of this optimization problem, we develop a reduced form of the original problem and propose a heuristic that is easily implementable by practitioners. In addition, a simulation model is developed on the same problem setting as a benchmark. To illustrate the implementation and the effectiveness of the proposed heuristic, a numerical example is studied, followed by a sensitivity analysis of the key parameters. The numerical results show that our heuristic provides a comparable performance as simulation-based optimization (a 2.6% difference), and the sensitivity analysis shows a reliable robustness of the model (less than 5.2% difference).
Effectiveness of Learning Strategies in University Students: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Aguilar Altamirano Erick Ernesto , Bautista Arroyo Edwin Youll , Huamanchaqui-Quispe Juan Alfredo , Vega-Vilca Carlos Sixto , Carpio-Mendoza Janet , Otero León Jedia Anjhella , León Lugo Jenny
Published: May 2024

Learning strategies are procedures that should be applied depending on the characteristics and needs of students in order to facilitate the transfer of learning. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of learning strategies in university students in order to identify the main strategies that are most effective in higher education work, providing predictive standards that contribute to the educational process. In this way, a contribution is given to the academic entities so that students have greater effectiveness and productivity in learning. For the study, the method of argumentative criticism was used through the compilation of different current articles on learning strategies that accredit relevant results. According to the review, it was evidenced that there are academic, methodological and attitudinal aspects that influence the effectiveness of learning strategies, providing a greater application in the educational organization. In this sense, learning strategies should be designed according to the spaces and priorities of the students. Likewise, technological tools should be involved in order to dynamize the educational challenges.
Cognitive Regulation and Its Influence on the Performance of Volleyball Serve Skill
Authors: Abas Najlaa , Saleem Dunia Ali Abdul-hasan
Published: May 2024

This study aims to identify the level of cognitive regulation and the level of serve skill performance among female students, and to identify the relationship, contribution and impact of cognitive regulation to the performance of their serve skill. This descriptive correlational study targeted sophomores at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls/University of Baghdad. The study included a purposive sample of (32)،. Participants’ opinions were surveyed using the cognitive regulation scale in volleyball for female students then skillfully testing then using the performance of serve skill considering their accomplishment of learning performing such a skill in their academic courses. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) to be the conclusions and recommendations that the level of cognitive regulation among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls was acceptable, as well as the performance of their serve skill was acceptable, and that cognitive regulation relates, contributes, and positively affects the performance of serve skill among the study participants. It is necessary to pay attention to mental measurement when teaching the serve skill, especially cognitive regulation owing to its positive role in the performance of this skill. It is also necessary to increase the teachers’ experience with the importance of paying attention to improving the level of cognitive regulation of students, as this awareness is reflected in the positives in achieving the goals of improving performance in the physical education lesson for volleyball
The effect of six weeks of therapeutic exercises and kinesio tape (KT) in reducing pain and increasing flexibility and muscle strength for people with low back pain
Authors: Banwan Hasan Bashar , Sabah Lina , Lafta Mahdi
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study aims to prepare therapeutic exercises that enhance the strength and elongation of ligaments and dorsal muscles, assess the impact of therapeutic exercises and Kinesio tapes (KT) in alleviating lower back pain, and evaluate the effect of therapeutic exercises and Kinesio tapes (KT) in improving flexibility and muscle strength in individuals suffering from lower back pain. Method: A sample of (6) injured, from Al-Kut club, (age = 30 ± 4.29 years, height = 176.6 ± 3.87 cm, mass 75.6 ± 2.71 kg) participated in the study. The participants in the experimental group (n=10) completed pre-tests and post-tests. Results: The results of the experimental sample show that there was a significant improvement in the mean scores for Muscular strength on the post-test compared to the pre-test. The mean score for pain decreased from (6.02 to 1.25, p<0.005), the mean score for the Torso force increased (flexion) from (16.17 to 51.833, (extension) 16.83 to 52.67, p<0.005), and the mean score for torso flexibility increased from (1.18 to 5.53, p<0.005). Conclusion: A significant finding of the study is that the therapeutic exercises employed effectively enhanced the flexibility of the torso while simultaneously restoring muscle strength. This confirms the efficacy of therapeutic exercises. Additionally, the use of Kinesio tapes appears to have a positive impact on reducing pain levels in the participants of the study
Effect of Multi- Resistance Exercises on Some Physical Variables and Level of Performance in 100-Meter Short Sprint Effectiveness
Authors: Ali Hashim , Albadrawi Emad , Shinta Abdullah
Published: May 2024

Research aims to identify impact of multi - resistance exercises program on some physical variables and level of performance among two runners of activities of short Sprint Effectiveness 100 meters through use of new methods and means in sports training that helps improve some physical and motor capabilities and level of performance. researchers used experimental curriculum, and researcher was chosen by research sample in intention of (18) runners from Basrah Governorate clubs in activities of microscopic, 100 meters, youth category (16) years, results of research showed that multi -shape resistance exercises have a positive impact on level of achievement in two distances of distances short, which was represented in physical variables and level of achievement, and that re are differences between two groups (experimental and controlled) in changes of physical capabilities and level of achievement, as experimental group that used program of multi -resistance training (experimental) has surpassed control group that used program (classic) most important recommendations were: Take advantage of training program in terms of multiple forms of resistors to develop level of achievement in activities of short sprint 100 meters. It is important to focus on enhancing the physical abilities of young individuals during their developmental phases by utilising various types of resistance training. This is because it has a beneficial effect on improving their overall performance level. Conduct further studies that replicate the existing research methodology, with resistors that are distinct from the ones now being used.
Cardiorenal Syndromes and Their Role in Water and Sodium Homeostasis
Authors: Buryskova Salajova K , Malik J , Valerianova A
Published: May 2024

Sodium is the main osmotically active ion in the extracellular fluid and its concentration goes hand in hand with fluid volume. Under physiological conditions, homeostasis of sodium and thus amount of fluid is regulated by neural and humoral interconnection of body tissues and organs. Both heart and kidneys are crucial in maintaining volume status. Proper kidney function is necessary to excrete regulated amount of water and solutes and adequate heart function is inevitable to sustain renal perfusion pressure, oxygen supply etc. As these organs are bidirectionally interconnected, injury of one leads to dysfunction of another. This condition is known as cardiorenal syndrome. It is divided into five subtypes regarding timeframe and pathophysiology of the onset. Hemodynamic effects include congestion, decreased cardiac output, but also production of natriuretic peptides. Renal congestion and hypoperfusion leads to kidney injury and maladaptive activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and sympathetic nervous system. In cardiorenal syndromes sodium and water excretion is impaired leading to volume overload and far-reaching negative consequences, including higher morbidity and mortality of these patients.
Keywords: Cardiorenal syndrome • Renocardiac syndrome • Volume overload • Sodium retention
The Salutary Effects of Diminazene, Lisinopril or Valsartan on Cisplatin – Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Rats: A Comparative Study
Authors: Al Suleimani YM , Ali BH , Ali H , Manoj P , Almashaiki KS , Abdelrahman AM
Published: May 2024

Nephrotoxicity as a cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by cisplatin (CP), limits its usefulness as an anticancer agent. Diminazene, an angiotensin converting enzyme 2 activator, exhibited renoprotective properties on rat models of kidney diseases. This research aims to investigate the salutary effect of diminazene in comparison with lisinopril or valsartan in CP-induced AKI. The first and second groups of rats received oral vehicle (distilled water) for 9 days, and saline injection or intraperitoneal CP (6 mg/kg) on day 6, respectively. Third, fourth, and fifth groups received intraperitoneal injections of CP on day 6 and diminazene (15 mg/kg/day, orally), lisinopril (10 mg/kg/day, orally), or valsartan (30 mg/kg/day, orally), for 9 days, respectively. 24h after the last day of treatment, blood and kidneys were removed under anesthesia for biochemical and histopathological examination. Urine during the last 24 h before sacrificing the rats was also collected. CP significantly increased plasma urea, creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, calcium, phosphorus, and uric acid. It also increased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, N-Acetyl-β-D-Glucosaminidase/creatinine ratio, and reduced creatinine clearance, as well the plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokines [plasma tumor necrosis factor–alpha, and interleukin-1beta], and significantly reduced antioxidant indices [catalase, glutathione reductase , and superoxide dismutase]. Histopathologically, CP treatment caused necrosis of renal tubules, tubular casts, shrunken glomeruli, and increased renal fibrosis. Diminazine, lisinopril, and valsartan ameliorated CP-induced biochemical and histopathological changes to a similar extent. The salutary effect of the three drugs used is, at least partially, due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
Keywords: Cisplatin • Diminazene • ACE2 activator • Lisinopril • Valsartan • Acute kidney injury
Microstructure, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of AlN-MgO Composites Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering
Authors: Chen Mohan , Jung Myungjin , An Jung-Won , Shin Seung Yong , Park Yunhwi , Kim Sunrae , Nam Su Yong , Lee Woo-Jae , Kwon Se-Hun
Published: May 2024

AlN-MgO composites with different compositions were prepared by spark plasma sintering, and the effects of their composition on their microstructure, thermal properties, and mechanical properties were systemically investigated. MgO compositions in the AlN-MgO composites were controlled from 20 to 80 wt%. The results indicated that a phase transition did not occur during the sintering process, and different solid solutions were formed within the MgO and AlN lattices. The AlN-MgO composites exhibited finer-grain microstructures than those of the sintered pure AlN and MgO samples. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that both oxygen-rich, low-density grain boundaries and clean boundaries with spinel phases were present in the composites. The sintered pure AlN sample exhibited the highest thermal conductivity (53.2 W/mK) and lowest coefficient of thermal expansion (4.47 × 10-6 /K) at 100 °C. And, the sintered pure MgO sample exhibited moderate thermal conductivity (39.7 W/mK) and a high coefficient of thermal expansion (13.05 × 10-6 /K). With increasing MgO contents in the AlN-MgO composites, however, the thermal conductivity of the AlN-MgO composites decreased, from 33.3 to 14.9 W/mK, while their coefficient of thermal expansion generally increased, from 6.49×10-6 to 10.73×10-6 /K with increasing MgO content. The composite with an MgO content of 60 wt% exhibited the best mechanical properties overall. Thus, the composition and microstructure of AlN-MgO composites have a determining effect on their thermal and mechanical properties.
‘There sails the ships; there is the Leveathon’: A Transatlantic Missionary's Journeys
Authors: Cameron Gordon
Published: May 2024

A first-person account of a missionary's return transatlantic voyage linking the Scottish Highlands and Upper Canada in the 1850s offers a valuable insight into church operations and migrant networks as well as the realities of travel at a time of profound societal change. By considering the journal in its local contemporary situations, and by drawing on modern scholarship, this article considers the motivations for keeping the journal, push and pull factors related to religious and socioeconomic influences and observes that previous scholars have been correct in identifying an ongoing trend of episodic or temporary emigration for Highlanders and Scots in the mid-nineteenth century.
Population Checks and Natural Laws: Malthus, Climate Determinism and Emigration
Authors: Morton Graeme
Published: May 2024

Through the lens of emergent laws of climatology developed to advance the scientific foundations and popular reach of practical meteorology in the nineteenth century, this article examines the checks on population and the global movement of people linked to reoccurring climate patterns and abnormal climatic events. Meteorological research contributed to debates within political economy and the public health movement, and to the disputed moral rationale for poor law reform. Scientific authority for this new analysis rested on a network of personal, religious, and professional links between T.R. Malthus, Thomas Chalmers, Francis Jeffrey, David Brewster, James D. Forbes, James Stark, Edwin Chadwick and William Pulteney Alison. The work of climate determinists argued that several causations were simultaneously affecting the nation’s vital statistics. The potential advantage to health from moving on a permanent basis to a more salubrious climate was explored. Adding further to the conundrum of colonisation, and the case for assisted migration, the laws of climatology offered reasons why any migrants pulled into parts of urban and Highland Scotland by freed resource – the vacuum effect – would still experience a positive Malthusian check on their life chances.
A Systematic Literature Review on Intervention Research in Facial Expression Recognition for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors:   Korean Association For Persons With Autism, Jang Yeon , Nam Boram , Yoon SinMyung , Lee SoHyun
Published: May 2024

This study delves into the evolving landscape of interventions aimed at improving facial expression recognition interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Research was conducted from 2014 to 2023, and analyzed 23 selected academic journal articles published abroad were analyzed. The results revealed the following findings. The findings were as follows: Research on recognition interventions was consistently conducted from 2014 to 2022. Second, most study participants fell within the age bracket of 6 to 12 years old. Third, the interventions were predominantly conducted by professionals in schools and university research laboratories. Fourth, the most commonly used intervention strategy was technology-based approaches, and most of the studies presented facial expressions dynamically. In the most studies, the focus primarily rested on six basic emotions were set as dependent variables, while an additional 18 emotions were taught. The method of choosing emotions by looking at pictures was most commonly used to when measure dependent variables.
The Mother’s Experience with Communication of an Elementary School-aged Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors:   Korean Association For Persons With Autism, Yu Hannah , Kim Eunkyung
Published: May 2024

This study conducted a phenomenological analysis of the meaning and essence of mothers’ experiences of communication with elementary-school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to determine the significance and nature of the communication experienced by mothers of elementary-school-aged children with ASD, and to provide foundational data for practical discussions of the communication challenges the mothers of these children faced. In-depth interviews were conducted with eight mothers of elementary school children with ASD. Employing Giorgi’s phenomenological research method, data analysis identified 172 semantic units, 37 sub-components, and 11 components: the precipice of vulnerability, a coldly turned away world, communication in wonderland, an endless tunnel, the limits of encountered improvement, deficiencies in educational functioning, warmth in the cold, a mother as a great mentor, a restorative community in the family, a faint light across the dark tunnel, and a journey toward a narrow gate. These 11 components converged onto a “journey toward the sun requiring courage and adventurous spirit.” Discussion of the outcomes of this study expands the domains for providing support to communication in elementary school-aged children with ASD and their mothers, and highlights the potential for increased societal interest in this area.
Feasibility and greenhouse gas emissions of timber structures in solar photovoltaic carport construction
Authors: Ranta Samuli , Akulenko Elena , Huerta Hugo , Wang Shuo , Jouttijärvi Sami , Miettunen Kati
Published: May 2024

This contribution focuses on reducing the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of solar photovoltaic (PV) carport structures by replacing carbon-intensive steel with a wood-based material. There is a growing need for PV systems that are suitable for urban environments where the lack of roof spaces and open land limits the use of traditional PV installations. To date, PV carports have been mainly constructed with steel, which has a high carbon footprint and can be considered aesthetically unattractive. Wood structures, on the other hand, could act as carbon storage and thus reduce the GHG emissions of the whole system. Emissions and costs of supporting structures for PV systems have received very little attention, and there is virtually no literature specific to them. This study compares wood-based glued laminated timber (GLT) structures with conventional steel structures by investigating the GHG emissions and economic feasibility. The simulated 485 kWp system with wooden structures yielded base-case lifetime GHG emissions of 11.3 g CO2 eq/kWh in Turku Finland (60°N), and 8.2 g CO2 eq/kWh in Dijon France (47° N), representing a 48% lower value compared to systems with steel structures. Furthermore, wooden structures were competitive in terms of costs, being approximately 25% cheaper. Thus, wooden structures provide a very attractive way to make infrastructure integrated PV more sustainable.
Associated factors of diabetic retinopathy in type 1 and 2 diabetes in Limpopo province in South Africa
Authors: Maluleke Khisimusi Debree , Ntimana Cairo Bruce , Mashaba Reneilwe Given , Seakamela Kagiso Peace , Maimela Eric
Published: May 2024

Background

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the major cause of vision impairment or blindness in individuals who have diabetes. It has accounted for 2.6% of all cases of blindness, and 1.9% of all cases of vision impairments globally. There is a lack of data on the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its associated factors amongst diabetic rural populations. Hence, the current study aimed to determine factors associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) among diabetes mellitus (DM) patients undergoing diabetic therapy.

Methods

The study was cross-sectional in design and the participants were selected using convenient sampling. STATA version 15 software was used for data analysis. Chi-square was used to compare proportions. Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between DR and associated risk factors.

Results

The prevalence of DR was 35.3%, of which 32% were mild and 3.4% were moderate non-proliferative DR (NPDR). Females were more unemployed than males (32.1% versus 16.8%, p=0.0058). Males were found to drink alcohol (21.8% versus 1.9%, p<0.001) and smoke cigarettes (4% versus 0.3%, p=0.0034) more than females. Being aged ≥ 55 years (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.6-4.4), with matric qualification (OR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.4-1.0); employed (OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.2-1.6); having high systolic blood pressure (OR=1.4, 95%CI=1.1-1.7) were the independent determinants of DR.

Conclusions

The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 34%. DR was determined by high systolic blood pressure, old age, and employment. Although not statistically significant, gender, hyperglycemic state, poor glycemic control, smoking, and increased body mass index (BMI) were associated with increased risk of developing DR.
A robust optimization method for new distribution systems based on adaptive data-driven polyhedral sets
Authors: Ye Yuming , Wang Jungang , Pan Dingcai , Zhang Jingsong , Li Fan , Yin Xueli
Published: May 2024

In order to better describe the uncertainty of renewable energy output, this paper proposed a novel robust optimization method for new distribution systems based on adaptive data-driven polyhedral sets. First, an ellipsoidal uncertainty set was established using historical data on renewable energy output, and a data-driven convex hull polyhedral set was established by connecting high-dimensional ellipsoidal vertices; on this basis, an adaptive data-driven polyhedral set model was established to address the problem of high conservatism in the scaling process of convex hull polyhedral sets. Furthermore, a novel adaptive data-driven robust scheduling model for new distribution systems was established, and a column-and-constraint generation (C&CG) algorithm was used to solve the robust scheduling model. Finally, the improved IEEE-33 bus system simulation verification shows that the robust scheduling model for new distribution systems based on adaptive data-driven polyhedral sets can reduce conservatism and improve the robustness of optimization results.
Does tax enforcement reduce corporate environmental investment? evidence from a quasi-natural experiment
Authors: He Lu , Xu Lin , Duan Kaifeng , Rao Yulei , Zheng Chuanzhen
Published: May 2024

The transition to a green, sustainable economy is largely reliant on corporate investment in the realm of environmental protection. Utilizing the adoption of the third phase of the Golden Tax Project (GTPIII) in China as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper examines how corporate environmental investment changes in response to greater tax enforcement. Our results reveal that tougher tax enforcement significantly lowers corporate environmental investment. Such an effect is stronger for firms faced by high financial constraints and those operating in non-heavy-polluting industries. Moreover, the mechanism analysis indicates that the higher tax burden induced by greater tax enforcement is the potential channel. Overall, this paper shows that stricter tax enforcement could potentially result in adverse spillover effects on corporate environmental investment, which warrants attention in tax collection practices.
Association analysis between Acetyl-Coenzyme A Acyltransferase-1 gene polymorphism and growth traits in Xiangsu pigs
Authors: Xiao Meimei , Ruan Yong , Huang Jiajin , Dai Lingang , Xu Jiali , Xu Houqiang
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Acetyl-Coenzyme A Acyltransferase-1 (ACAA1) is a peroxisomal acyltransferase involved in fatty acid metabolism. Current evidence does not precisely reveal the effect of the ACAA1 gene on pig growth performance.

Methods

The present study assessed the mRNA expression levels of the ACAA1 gene in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney of 6-month-old Xiangsu pigs and in the longissimus dorsi muscle at different growth stages (newborn, 6 months and 12 months of age) using RT-qPCR. The relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ACAA1 gene and growth traits in 6-month-old and 12-month-old Xiangsu pigs was investigated on 184 healthy Xiangsu pigs using Sanger sequencing.

Results

The ACAA1 gene was expressed in heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and longissimus dorsi muscle of 6-month-old pigs, with the highest level of expression in the liver. ACAA1 gene expression in the longissimus dorsi muscle decreased with age (p < 0.01). In addition, four SNPs were identified in the ACAA1 gene, including exon g.48810 A>G (rs343060194), intron g.51546 T>C (rs319197012), exon g.55035 T>C (rs333279910), and exon g.55088 C>T (rs322138947). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05) was found for the four SNPs, and linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis revealed a strong LD between g.55035 T>C (rs333279910) and g.55088 C>T (rs322138947) (r2 = 1.000). Association analysis showed that g.48810 A>G (rs343060194), g.51546 T>C (rs319197012), g.55035 T>C (rs333279910), and g.55088 C>T (rs322138947) varied in body weight, body length, body height, abdominal circumference, leg and hip circumference and living backfat thickness between 6-month-old and 12-month-old Xiangsu pigs.

Conclusion

These findings strongly demonstrate that the ACAA1 gene can be exploited for marker-assisted selection to improve growth-related phenotypes in Xiangsu pigs and present new candidate genes for molecular pig breeding.
Antimycobacterial and healing effects of Pranlukast against MTB infection and pathogenesis in a preclinical mouse model of tuberculosis
Authors: Rajmani Raju S. , Surolia Avadhesha
Published: May 2024

It is essential to understand the interactions and relationships between Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and macrophages during the infection in order to design host-directed, immunomodulation-dependent therapeutics to control Mtb. We had reported previously that ornithine acetyltransferase (MtArgJ), a crucial enzyme of the arginine biosynthesis pathway of Mtb, is allosterically inhibited by pranlukast (PRK), which significantly reduces bacterial growth. The present investigation is centered on the immunomodulation in the host by PRK particularly the activation of the host’s immune response to counteract bacterial survival and pathogenicity. Here, we show that PRK decreased the bacterial burden in the lungs by upregulating the population of pro-inflammatory interstitial macrophages (IMs) and reducing the population of Mtb susceptible alveolar macrophages (AMs), dendritic cells (DCs), and monocytes (MO). Additionally, we deduce that PRK causes the host macrophages to change their metabolic pathway from fatty acid metabolism to glycolytic metabolism around the log phage of bacterial multiplication. Further, we report that PRK reduced tissue injury by downregulating the Ly6C-positive population of monocytes. Interestingly, PRK treatment improved tissue repair and inflammation resolution by increasing the populations of arginase 1 (Arg-1) and Ym1+Ym2 (chitinase 3-like 3) positive macrophages. In summary, our study found that PRK is useful not only for reducing the tubercular burden but also for promoting the healing of the diseased tissue.
Dangers of the chronic stress response in the context of the microbiota-gut-immune-brain axis and mental health: a narrative review
Authors: Warren Alison , Nyavor Yvonne , Beguelin Aaron , Frame Leigh A.
Published: May 2024

More than 20% of American adults live with a mental disorder, many of whom are treatment resistant or continue to experience symptoms. Other approaches are needed to improve mental health care, including prevention. The role of the microbiome has emerged as a central tenet in mental and physical health and their interconnectedness (well-being). Under normal conditions, a healthy microbiome promotes homeostasis within the host by maintaining intestinal and brain barrier integrity, thereby facilitating host well-being. Owing to the multidirectional crosstalk between the microbiome and neuro-endocrine-immune systems, dysbiosis within the microbiome is a main driver of immune-mediated systemic and neural inflammation that can promote disease progression and is detrimental to well-being broadly and mental health in particular. In predisposed individuals, immune dysregulation can shift to autoimmunity, especially in the presence of physical or psychological triggers. The chronic stress response involves the immune system, which is intimately involved with the gut microbiome, particularly in the process of immune education. This interconnection forms the microbiota-gut-immune-brain axis and promotes mental health or disorders. In this brief review, we aim to highlight the relationships between stress, mental health, and the gut microbiome, along with the ways in which dysbiosis and a dysregulated immune system can shift to an autoimmune response with concomitant neuropsychological consequences in the context of the microbiota-gut-immune-brain axis. Finally, we aim to review evidenced-based prevention strategies and potential therapeutic targets.
Characterization of intestinal mononuclear phagocyte subsets in young ruminants at homeostasis and during Cryptosporidium parvum infection
Authors: Baillou Ambre , Tomal Florian , Chaumeil Thierry , Barc Céline , Levern Yves , Sausset Alix , Pezier Tiffany , Schulthess Julie , Peltier-Pain Pauline , Laurent Fabrice , Lacroix-Lamandé Sonia
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Cryptosporidiosis is a poorly controlled zoonosis caused by an intestinal parasite, Cryptosporidium parvum, with a high prevalence in livestock (cattle, sheep, and goats). Young animals are particularly susceptible to this infection due to the immaturity of their intestinal immune system. In a neonatal mouse model, we previously demonstrated the importance of the innate immunity and particularly of type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) among mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) in controlling the acute phase of C. parvum infection. These immune populations are well described in mice and humans, but their fine characterization in the intestine of young ruminants remained to be further explored.

Methods

Immune cells of the small intestinal Peyer’s patches and of the distal jejunum were isolated from naive lambs and calves at different ages. This was followed by their fine characterization by flow cytometry and transcriptomic analyses (q-RT-PCR and single cell RNAseq (lamb cells)). Newborn animals were infected with C. parvum, clinical signs and parasite burden were quantified, and isolated MP cells were characterized by flow cytometry in comparison with age matched control animals.

Results

Here, we identified one population of macrophages and three subsets of cDC (cDC1, cDC2, and a minor cDC subset with migratory properties) in the intestine of lamb and calf by phenotypic and targeted gene expression analyses. Unsupervised single-cell transcriptomic analysis confirmed the identification of these four intestinal MP subpopulations in lamb, while highlighting a deeper diversity of cell subsets among monocytic and dendritic cells. We demonstrated a weak proportion of cDC1 in the intestine of highly susceptible newborn lambs together with an increase of these cells within the first days of life and in response to the infection.

Discussion

Considering cDC1 importance for efficient parasite control in the mouse model, one may speculate that the cDC1/cDC2 ratio plays also a key role for the efficient control of C. parvum in young ruminants. In this study, we established the first fine characterization of intestinal MP subsets in young lambs and calves providing new insights for comparative immunology of the intestinal MP system across species and for future investigations on host–Cryptosporidium interactions in target species.
Frontiers and future of immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer: from molecular mechanisms to clinical application
Authors: Zheng Rui , Liu Xiaobin , Zhang Yufu , Liu Yongxian , Wang Yaping , Guo Shutong , Jin Xiaoyan , Zhang Jing , Guan Yuehong , Liu Yusi
Published: May 2024

Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignant tumor, that is becoming increasingly common in recent years. Despite advances in intensive treatment modalities including surgery, radiotherapy, biological therapy, and targeted therapy, the overall survival rate has not significantly improved in patients with pancreatic cancer. This may be attributed to the insidious onset, unknown pathophysiology, and poor prognosis of the disease. It is therefore essential to identify and develop more effective and safer treatments for pancreatic cancer. Tumor immunotherapy is the new and fourth pillar of anti-tumor therapy after surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Significant progress has made in the use of immunotherapy for a wide variety of malignant tumors in recent years; a breakthrough has also been made in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. This review describes the advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, oncolytic virus, and matrix-depletion therapies for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. At the same time, some new potential biomarkers and potential immunotherapy combinations for pancreatic cancer are discussed. The molecular mechanisms of various immunotherapies have also been elucidated, and their clinical applications have been highlighted. The current challenges associated with immunotherapy and proposed strategies that hold promise in overcoming these limitations have also been discussed, with the aim of offering new insights into immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer.
Evolutionary trends and innovations in cardiovascular intervention
Authors: Vento Vincenzo , Kuntz Salomé , Lejay Anne , Chakfe Nabil
Published: May 2024

Cardiovascular diseases remain a global health challenge, prompting continuous innovation in medical technology, particularly in Cardiovascular MedTech. This article provides a comprehensive exploration of the transformative landscape of Cardiovascular MedTech in the 21st century, focusing on interventions. The escalating prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and the demand for personalized care drive the evolving landscape, with technologies like wearables and AI reshaping patient-centric healthcare. Wearable devices offer real-time monitoring, enhancing procedural precision and patient outcomes. AI facilitates risk assessment and personalized treatment strategies, revolutionizing intervention precision. Minimally invasive procedures, aided by robotics and novel materials, minimize patient impact and improve outcomes. 3D printing enables patient-specific implants, while regenerative medicine promises cardiac regeneration. Augmented reality headsets empower surgeons during procedures, enhancing precision and awareness. Novel materials and radiation reduction techniques further optimize interventions, prioritizing patient safety. Data security measures ensure patient privacy in the era of connected healthcare. Modern technologies enhance traditional surgeries, refining outcomes. The integration of these innovations promises to shape a healthier future for cardiovascular procedures, emphasizing collaboration and research to maximize their transformative potential.