bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors and treatment outcome in primary progressive Hodgkin lymphoma: a report from the German Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group
Authors: Josting Andreas , Rueffer Ulrich , Franklin Jeremy , Sieber Markus , Diehl Volker , Engert Andreas
Published: October 2019

To determine prognostic factors and treatment outcome, patients with primary progressive Hodgkin lymphoma (HD) registered in the database of the German Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group (GHSG) were analyzed retrospectively. Detailed records from randomized prospective multicenter trials performed between 1988 and 1998 of 3807 patients recruited in these trials were reviewed. The median age of the 206 patients available was 34 years (range, 16-71). Fifty-seven patients (28%) in intermediate stage and 149 patients (72%) in advanced stage developed progressive disease (PD). One hundred and fifty-three patients (74%) were treated with salvage chemotherapy, 47 patients (23%) with salvage radiotherapy, and 6 patients (3%) did not receive any therapy due to rapid PD. Seventy patients (34%) were treated with high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) and autologous stem cell transplantation. The 5-year freedom from second failure (FF2F) and overall survival (OS) for all patients were 17% and 26%, respectively. The 5-year FF2F and OS for patients treated with HDCT were 31% and 43%, respectively. In multivariate analysis low Karnofsky performance score at the time of progression (P < .0001), age above 50 years (P = .019), and failure to attain a temporary remission on first-line treatment (P = .0003) were significant adverse prognostic factors for OS. Patients with none of these risk factors had a 5-year OS of 55% compared with 0% for patients with all 3 of these unfavorable prognostic factors. Although HDCT is a reasonable option for selected patients with primary progressive HD, the majority did not receive HDCT. Interestingly, salvage radiotherapy gave promising results in patients with localized PD.
Soluble CD40 ligand induces selective proliferation of lymphoma cells in primary mantle cell lymphoma cell cultures
Authors: Andersen Niels S. , Larsen Jørgen K. , Christiansen Jette , Pedersen Lone B. , Christophersen Nicolaj S. , Geisler Christian H. , Jurlander Jesper
Published: October 2019

Interaction between CD40 and the CD40 ligand (CD40L) is critical for the survival and proliferation of B cells during immunopoiesis. However, the role of CD40L in the pathogenesis of malignant lymphomas is ambiguous. Primary mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) cells were cultured in the presence of recombinant human CD40L trimer (huCD40LT), and a significant time- and dose-dependent induction of DNA synthesis was observed in thymidine incorporation assays (n = 7,P < .04). The maximal rate of DNA synthesis was reached at huCD40LT doses of 100 ng/mL and above after 4 days of culture, but a significant increase of DNA synthesis was detected already at doses of 1 ng/mL (P = .03). HuCD40LT never inhibited the basal level of DNA synthesis. These findings established 400 ng/mL of huCD40LT for 4 days as standard conditions in the system. Under these conditions, huCD40LT significantly increased the proportion of cells in the S/G2/M phases of the cell cycle in 4 of 7 studied cases, while the fraction of apoptotic cells remained unchanged (n = 7). HuCD40LT also induced expression of CD80/B7-1, CD86/B7-2, and CD95/Fas and up-regulated the expression of HLA-DR (n = 6). With the use of bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in triple-color flow cytometric analysis, it was found that huCD40LT induced cell-cycle progression in light chain–restricted cells only, of which a median of 14% (range, 0.5% to 29%; n = 4) returned to G0/1 phase DNA content after bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, demonstrating completion of at least one cell cycle in the presence of huCD40LT. Thus, primary clonal MCL cells are activated and can proliferate in the presence of huCD40LT as a single agent.
Acute systemic inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation in pigs divergently selected for residual feed intake
Authors: Liu Haibo , Feye Kristina M. , Nguyen Yet T. , Rakhshandeh Anoosh , Loving Crystal L. , Dekkers Jack C. M. , Gabler Nicholas K. , Tuggle Christopher K.
Published: October 2019

Background

It is unclear whether improving feed efficiency by selection for low residual feed intake (RFI) compromises pigs’ immunocompetence. Here, we aimed at investigating whether pig lines divergently selected for RFI had different inflammatory responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure, regarding to clinical presentations and transcriptomic changes in peripheral blood cells.

Results

LPS injection induced acute systemic inflammation in both the low-RFI and high-RFI line (n = 8 per line). At 4 h post injection (hpi), the low-RFI line had a significantly lower (p = 0.0075) mean rectal temperature compared to the high-RFI line. However, no significant differences in complete blood count or levels of several plasma cytokines were detected between the two lines. Profiling blood transcriptomes at 0, 2, 6, and 24 hpi by RNA-sequencing revealed that LPS induced dramatic transcriptional changes, with 6296 genes differentially expressed at at least one time point post injection relative to baseline in at least one line (n = 4 per line) (|log2(fold change)| ≥ log2(1.2);q < 0.05). Furthermore, applying the same cutoffs, we detected 334 genes differentially expressed between the two lines at at least one time point, including 33 genes differentially expressed between the two lines at baseline. But no significant line-by-time interaction effects were detected. Genes involved in protein translation, defense response, immune response, and signaling were enriched in different co-expression clusters of genes responsive to LPS stimulation. The two lines were largely similar in their peripheral blood transcriptomic responses to LPS stimulation at the pathway level, although the low-RFI line had a slightly lower level of inflammatory response than the high-RFI line from 2 to 6 hpi and a slightly higher level of inflammatory response than the high-RFI line at 24 hpi.

Conclusions

The pig lines divergently selected for RFI had a largely similar response to LPS stimulation. However, the low-RFI line had a relatively lower-level, but longer-lasting, inflammatory response compared to the high-RFI line. Our results suggest selection for feed efficient pigs does not significantly compromise a pig’s acute systemic inflammatory response to LPS, although slight differences in intensity and duration may occur.
Recurrent post-partum rhombencephalitis associated with anti-centromere antibody: a case report
Authors: Jin Andy , Mamelona Jean , Harper Byrne , Marrero Alier
Published: October 2019

Background

Rhombencephalitis (RE) is a serious condition of the brain with multiple etiologies. We report a unique case of recurrent, postpartum RE that is associated with positive anti-centromere antibody (ACA). A discussion of the case, current literature on autoimmune RE and related autoantibodies are reviewed.

Case presentation

A healthy 33-year-old Caucasian patient (gravida 2, para 2) had two episodes of progressive focal neurological deficits during postpartum periods. Signs and symptoms included right-sided dysmetria, adiadochokinesia, weakness, ataxia, and photophobia. MRI revealed rhombencephalitis involving the mesencephalon of the brainstem. Extensive and comprehensive investigations using blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were consistently positive only for ACA. The first episode was successfully treated with empiric antimicrobial agents and steroid. Given the negative infectious work up with the prior episode and the nearly identical clinical presentations, the second episode was treated with corticosteroid only. This led to complete resolution of her symptoms and reversal of the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions.

Conclusion

To the author's knowledge, this is the first report of a primary autoimmune RE during postpartum period that is associated with ACA. Immunologic causes should be considered early with any encephalitis. Given the risk of recurrence, relapse, and neurologic deterioration, regular monitoring is recommended, especially for female patients of child-bearing age. Consistent with the current literature on autoimmune RE, steroid seems to be an effective treatment for ACA-associated RE.
A mixed methods evaluation of an integrated adult mental health service model
Authors: Beere Diana , Page Imogen S. , Diminic Sandra , Harris Meredith
Published: October 2019

Background

The Floresco integrated service model was designed to address the fragmentation of community mental health treatment and support services. Floresco was established in Queensland, Australia, by a consortium of non-government organisations that sought to partner with general practitioners (GPs), private mental health providers and public mental health services to operate a ‘one-stop’ mental health service hub.

Methods

We conducted an independent mixed-methods evaluation of client outcomes following engagement with Floresco (outcome evaluation) and factors influencing service integration (process evaluation). The main data sources were: (1) routinely-collected Recovery Assessment Scale — Domains and Stages (RAS–DS) scores at intake and review (n = 108); (2) RAS–DS scores, mental health inpatient admissions and emergency department (ED) presentations among clients prospectively assessed at intake and six-month follow-up (n = 37); (3) semi-structured interviews with staff from Floresco, consortium partners, private practitioners and the local public mental health service (n = 20); and (4) program documentation.

Results

Interviews identified staff commitment, co-location of services, flexibility in problem-solving, and anecdotal evidence of positive client outcomes as important enablers of service integration. Barriers to integration included different organisational practices, difficulties in information-sharing and in attracting and retaining GPs and private practitioners, and systemic constraints on integration with public mental health services. Of 1129 client records, 108 (9.6%) included two RAS–DS measurements, averaging 5 months apart. RAS–DS ‘total recovery’ scores improved significantly (M = 63.3%, SD = 15.6 vs. M = 69.2%, SD = 16.1; p < 0.001), as did scores on three of the four RAS–DS domains (‘Looking forward’, p < 0.001; ‘Mastering my illness’, p < 0.001; and ‘Connecting and belonging’, p = 0.001). Corresponding improvements, except in ‘Connecting and belonging’, were seen in the 37 follow-up study participants. Decreases in inpatient admissions (20.9% vs. 7.0%), median length of inpatient stay (8 vs. 3 days), ED presentations (34.8% vs. 6.3%) and median duration of ED visits (187 vs. 147 min) were not statistically significant.

Conclusions

Despite the lack of a control group and small follow-up sample size, Floresco’s integrated service model showed potential to improve client outcomes and reduce burden on the public mental health system. Horizontal integration of non-government and private services was achieved, and meaningful progress made towards integration with public mental health services.
Correction to: The pathogenic intestinal spirochaete Brachyspira pilosicoli forms a diverse recombinant species demonstrating some local clustering of related strains and potential for zoonotic spread
Authors: Neo Eugene , La Tom , Phillips Nyree Dale , Alikani Mohammad Yousef , Hampson David J.
Published: October 2019

The article published in 2013 [1] described the use of the available Brachyspira multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme [2] to characterize the population structure of the intestinal spirochete Brachyspira pilosicoli. It used sequences of seven loci that were amplified from 131 strains that had been isolated from different geographical origins and species.
Intentions to leave and associated factors among laboratory professionals working at Amhara National Regional State public hospitals, Ethiopia: an institution-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Dellie Endalkachew , Andargie Biks Gashaw , Asrade Geta , Gebremedhin Tsegaye
Published: October 2019

Objective

Laboratory professionals play a vital role in the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. Knowledge of workplace variables that either motivates staff to keep working or quit their jobs is important for decision making. Thus, this study aimed to assess intentions to leave workplace and associated factors among laboratory professionals working at public hospitals of the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia.

Results

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 16 to March 14, 2016, among 336 randomly selected laboratory professionals. The study revealed that 65.5% (95% CI 60–70) of professionals had intentions to leave their hospitals. Dissatisfaction with the provision of educational opportunities (AOR: 3.59, 95% CI 1.61–7.99), poor pays and benefits (AOR: 3.89, 95% CI 1.53–9.89), lack of recognition (AOR: 2.69, 95% CI 1.35–5.38), poor working environments (AOR: 2.77, 95% CI 1.45–3.30), high workload (AOR: 1.94, 95% CI 1.04–3.63), low affective commitment (AOR: 2.05, 95% CI 1.10–3.82), and being unmarried (AOR: 2.46, 95% CI 1.32–4.58) were factors significantly associated with intentions to leave. Magnitude of laboratory professionals’ intention to leave was so high. Healthcare policymakers and hospital managers need to develop and institutionalize evidence-based retention strategies to reduce the intention of laboratory professionals to leave their workplace.
Women, Reproduction, and the Commons
Authors: Federici Silvia
Published: October 2019

The Common/s as a principle of social organization is at the center of radical political debates as an alternative to the logic of capital and the market. In her essay Silvia Federici presents a feminist perspective on the politics of the commons, with special attention to the reproductive commons women are constructing in response to the displacements caused by the new expansion of capitalist relations.
Toward a Productive Common
Authors: Borrits Benoît
Published: October 2019

Collective ownership of the means of production has long defined an alternative to capitalism. After two centuries, this project has shown its incapacity to facilitate emancipation for society. Might the alternative be to move beyond property altogether? While Pierre-Joseph Proudhon developed this thesis in the nineteenth century, the practice of the common allows us to flesh out such a theory today. The eradication of property can be accomplished through an articulation of different commons in which a productive common, codirected by workers and users, would work in conjunction with commons for the socialization of income and financing.
Reinventing the Common:
Authors: Castronovo Alioscia
Published: October 2019

Starting from ethnographic research on popular economies carried out in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires, I aim to contribute to reflection on the common as a mode of production, analyzing the popular community frameworks, practices of self-management of work, and the processes of political subjectivation in the experience of the textile cooperative Juana Villca. In dialogue with the experiences and subjectivities encountered in the field, I reflect on the relationships between crisis, self-organization, and conflict, analyzing the productivity of the political dimension and the politicization of production and reproduction in self-management dynamics. In the article, I maintain that these experiences constitute the infrastructure of an emerging popular institutionality, which, considered as such, contributes to the analysis of the common as a mode of production and social relationship capable of building a political and productive alternative.
How to Buy a Coffee in a Settler State:
Authors: Hafez Shady
Published: October 2019

Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg is an Algonquin community located roughly one and a half hours from Canada’s capital, Ottawa. It is a primarily English-speaking community located in the French-speaking province of Quebec. This essay will explore the complexities and difficulties associated with being an English-speaking Indigenous community that resides within the boundaries of French-speaking Quebec. In exploring this topic, this essay will uncover the often unexplored realities of Indigenous communities that are caught between the competing histories of colonial empires such as France and Britain and how those past colonial conflicts, and, in turn, the imposition of linguistic dominations, inform current difficulties around decolonization, nationhood, and Indigenous liberation.
A strategy for building and using a human reference pangenome
Authors: Llamas Bastien , Narzisi Giuseppe , Schneider Valerie , Audano Peter A. , Biederstedt Evan , Blauvelt Lon , Bradbury Peter , Chang Xian , Chin Chen-Shan , Fungtammasan Arkarachai , Clarke Wayne E. , Cleary Alan , Ebler Jana , Eizenga Jordan , Sibbesen Jonas A. , Markello Charles J. , Garrison Erik , Garg Shilpa , Hickey Glenn , Lazo Gerard R. , Lin Michael F. , Mahmoud Medhat , Marschall Tobias , Minkin Ilia , Monlong Jean , Musunuri Rajeeva L. , Sagayaradj Sagayamary , Novak Adam M. , Rautiainen Mikko , Regier Allison , Sedlazeck Fritz J. , Siren Jouni , Souilmi Yassine , Wagner Justin , Wrightsman Travis , Yokoyama Toshiyuki T. , Zeng Qiandong , Zook Justin M. , Paten Benedict , Busby Ben
Published: October 2019

In March 2019, 45 scientists and software engineers from around the world converged at the University of California, Santa Cruz for the first pangenomics codeathon. The purpose of the meeting was to propose technical specifications and standards for a usable human pangenome as well as to build relevant tools for genome graph infrastructures. During the meeting, the group held several intense and productive discussions covering a diverse set of topics, including advantages of graph genomes over a linear reference representation, design of new methods that can leverage graph-based data structures, and novel visualization and annotation approaches for pangenomes. Additionally, the participants self-organized themselves into teams that worked intensely over a three-day period to build a set of pipelines and tools for specific pangenomic applications. A summary of the questions raised and the tools developed are reported in this manuscript.
Local anaesthesia in dentistry – achieving effective painless injections
Authors: Madadian Matin Ali , Renton Tara
Published: October 2019

A feared aspect of dental care for patients is their expectation of pain and injections. Local anaesthesia in dentistry is an important means of reducing procedural pain and increasing patient comfort during treatment. However, it can be a source of pain in itself. Fear of needles and painful injections is a significant contributing factor to dental anxiety and is a commonly reported concern among patients. This review aims to discuss modes by which the painless and effective injection can be achieved, exploring the causative factors of discomfort and how they can be modulated. Although a wide array of techniques and technologies exist within the field of local anaesthesia (which are outlined in this paper), there is no definitive method for delivering the perfect injection for each and every patient. By being more mindful of current research and understanding with regards to local anaesthesia, however, clinicians may become more confident in their ability to provide a more atraumatic experience.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The aim of this review is to make clinicians aware of evidence-based suggestions for reducing the discomfort associated with delivering conventional local anaesthesia in routine dental practice, as well as to inform clinicians about alternative modes of administration of local anaesthesia which may serve as adjuncts in the management of anxious patients.
Orthodontic retention: a clinical guide for the GDP
Authors: Alkadhimi Aslam , Sharif Mohammad Owaise
Published: October 2019

Retention is normally required after active orthodontic tooth movement in order to maintain tooth position and minimize the effects of age-related changes to the dentition. The aim of this article is to define stability, retention and relapse with reference to the literature and to review the evidence with regards to clinical effectiveness of different types of fixed and removable retainers and wear regimens, with emphasis on systematic reviews and Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). Furthermore, to discuss the general dental practitioner's role and responsibility in managing patients after active orthodontic treatment.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: It is common practice for orthodontists to review patients for one year after active orthodontic treatment. Beyond this period, monitoring of the patient's long-term retention is often carried out in general dental practice. This paper provides an overview of orthodontic retention, including retainer types, wear regimens and a discussion of the common problems associated with retainers and advice on management.
A case of granular cell ameloblastoma presenting as a non-healing socket
Authors: Ahmadi-Lari Nazanin , Wilson Mark , Hughes Ceri , Thomas Steven
Published: October 2019

This case involves a 46-year-old female who was referred to the Bristol Dental Hospital Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department with a non-healing socket. Investigations were carried out and biopsy confirmed diagnosis of granular cell ameloblastoma. She was subsequently treated with a segmental resection and a bone graft to reconstruct the defect of her mandible.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This report highlights the significance of taking a full history and carrying out a thorough clinical examination to ensure significant diagnoses are not missed.
Routine exodontia: preventing failed extractions
Authors: Bhargava Vijay , Renton Tara
Published: October 2019

Dental extractions are potentially an unpleasant experience that patients have to undergo. Not only are they losing a tooth that they may have invested significant costs in retaining, but fear and expectation of pain makes the encounter stressful and terrifying for most.

Dental extractions are the most common surgery undertaken worldwide, and usually on conscious patients, unlike other branches of surgery. Patients' most common fear of the dentist is the pain during and after surgery and the experience of injections, both guaranteed when undergoing extractions at the dentist.

Despite universities aiming to make undergraduate dentists able to undertake routine exodontia, ability remains limited. This may be due to foundation training limiting access to routine exodontia practice or a reluctance on behalf of dentists in general to undertake surgical interventions due to their high risk, patient sequelae or risk of complications, which are perceived as poor practice builders.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This paper aims to provide some clinical tips and information that will assist practitioners in undertaking dental extractions.
Фауна жуков-златок (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) Тюменской области
Authors: Sergeeva E.V. , Stolbov V.A.
Published: October 2019

В работе представлен аннотированный список златок Тюменской области, насчитывающий 30 видов из 12 родов. Десять видов: Dicerca amphibia Marseul, 1865, Lamprodila decipiens (Gebler, 1847), Poecilonota variolosa (Paykull, 1799), Chrysobothris affinis (Fabricius, 1794), Agrilus fleischeri Obenberger, 1925, A. mendax Mannerheim, 1837, A. cyanescens (Ratzeburg, 1837), A. ribesi Schaefer, 1946, A. delphinensis Abeille de Perrin, 1897 и A. pratensis (Ratzeburg, 1837) для региона приводятся впервые.
Colonic Ischemia After Vaginal Delivery
Authors: Kim Brian , Tayel Hesham , Chaput Kimberly Jegel
Published: October 2019

Ischemic colitis is a common form of bowel ischemia typically associated with vasculopathy in advanced age. Although some predisposing factors can increase the risk of developing ischemic colitis, the disease is relatively uncommon in young adults. Furthermore, cases of ischemic colitis associated with pregnancy are exceedingly rare. We present a young woman with severe ischemic colitis after vaginal delivery that ultimately led to sigmoid resection due to persistent stricturing.
Effect of blood plasma components on human serum albumin glycosylation
Authors: Lebedeva Ye. A.
Published: October 2019

Glycosylation of human serum albumin (HSA) with ascending glucose concentrations was studied. The incubation medium contained 5% HSA and glucose in concentrations 11, 22, 44, and 88 mmol/liter. The degree of glycosylation was assessed by the end product, fructosamine. A linear correlation between glucose concentration and fructosamine was detected. Addition to incubation medium of human native plasma of a normal subject or diabetic with type I disease (50% of the initial volume) reliably inhibited glycosylation. Thermostable low-molecular substances were identified, which cause a delay of glycosylation: creatinine, uric acid, and arginine. Addition of these compounds in physiological concentrations reliably reduced glycosylation of HSA. Hence, we found the components of blood plasma defense system which prevent the formation of fructosamine in hyperglycemia.
Navigating the Brexit Strait
Authors: Storey Andy
Published: October 2019

In this continuation of the exchange on the European Union, the United Kingdom, and the left, Andy Storey engages with Costas Lapavitsas's arguments in The Left Case Against the EU.
“A problem they don’t even know exists”: Inequality, poverty, and invisible discourses in Teach First New Zealand
Authors: Oldham Sam , Crawford-Garrett Katherine
Published: October 2019

This research draws on qualitative data collected in Aotearoa New Zealand over a six-month period to examine the ways in which participants in Teach First New Zealand (TFNZ), an affiliate of Teach for All, discuss issues of poverty and educational underachievement in their teaching contexts. Findings from this study suggest that broad discursive patterns tended to prevail among TFNZ participants interviewed. In discussing issues of poverty and educational underachievement, participants privileged personal responsibility, individual agency, and social mobility as explanatory frameworks. Participants tended to perceive individuals, families, and communities as responsible for their socioeconomic disadvantage, and few were able to articulate more complex understandings. We found that TFNZ participants had little or no direct experience with poverty or educational inequity prior to entering the scheme and had limited understandings of these phenomena. Despite this, participants shared an almost universal belief that education was the primary means by which disadvantage could be overcome, privileging individualist conceptions of complex social phenomena. As Teach for All expands globally, there is need for empirical work documenting how participants articulate their mission of addressing inequity, how these understandings translate into practice, and the ways in which implicit and explicit educational discourses shape their perspectives on students and communities. This work has added importance as Teach for All actors continue to encourage the movement of alumni into policy and leadership.
A Noether Theorem on Unimprovable Conservation Laws for Vector-Valued Optimization Problems in Control Theory
Authors: Torres Delfim F. M.
Published: October 2019

We obtain a version of Noether's invariance theorem for optimal control problems with a finite number of cost functionals. The result is obtained by formulating E. Noether's result for optimal control problems subject to isoperimetric constraints, and then using the unimprovable (Pareto) notion of optimality. It was A. Gugushvili who drew the author's attention to a result of this kind that was posed as an open mathematical question of a great interest in applications of control engineering.
Fixed Point Techniques and Stability for Neutral Nonlinear Differential Equations with Unbounded Delays
Authors: Djoudi Ahcene , Khemis Rabah
Published: October 2019

We use the contraction mapping theorem to obtain stability results of the scalar nonlinear neutral differential equation with functional delay

𝑥′(𝑡) = –𝑎𝑥(𝑡) + 𝑏(𝑡)𝑥2(𝑡 – 𝑟(𝑡)) + 𝑐(𝑡)𝑥(𝑡 – 𝑟(𝑡))𝑥′(𝑡 – 𝑟(𝑡)).
Professional Values in Nursing and the Factors Which Affect Them: A Specific Example of a Private Hospital
Authors: Mert Tuğba , Durmuş Serpil Çelik
Published: October 2019

Background: A professional is an individual who prefers a profession, is specially qualified in its technical aspects, and makes a living with the profession. Objective: This research was conducted to determine the professional values of nurses and the factors affecting them. Methods: This descriptive research evaluated a sample of 97 nurses working in a private hospital in Ankara, Turkey. Data was collected using the demographic form and professional values scale (PVS). Results: Among the nurses in the study sample, 43% had a graduate degree, 84.5% were staff nurses, and 37.2% were surgery, obstetrics, and cardiovascular surgery nurses. The mean score of professional values of nurses in this study was determined to be 4.20 ± 0.55. It was determined that professional values of nurses in the 34-year and older group, including male nurses, those usually working the day shift, those who chose the profession, those with memberships in associations, and those who participated in scientific meetings/seminars, had higher scores for professional values, but this finding was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Conclusion: The professional values of nurses was found to be above the middle level. In this light, it can be recommended, especially to managers, that training on professional values should be planned for nurses. It is also recommended that nurses receive undergraduate education and other comprehensive studies. In order to achieved a desired position in nursing, nurses must update regularly their scientific knowledge, participate in scientific meetings/seminars, and become members of professional associations.
Hand Hygiene Compliance in a Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Unit in La Habana
Authors: Garcell Humberto Guanche , Alvarez Luis Gonzalez , Valdés Anayka González , Goulet Katerine Cardenas , Septiem Gloria Fresneda , García Francisco Gutierrez
Published: October 2019

Background: Hand hygiene plays a key role in the prevention of healthcare-associated infection in critical patients. Objective: The current study aimed to evaluate compliance with hand hygiene practices. Methods: An observational and descriptive study was carried out in a 35-bed medical-surgical critical care unit in La Habana (Cuba) from January 2017 to December 2018. The observational method recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) was used. Results: Overall compliance was 34.2% (5516/16125), with better compliance among physicians (39%) compared with nurses (31.4%) and ancillary staff (19.5%). Better compliance was observed after patient contact (65.7%) and after contact with patients’ surroundings (42.0%) in comparison with greater focus on patient safety as before patient contact (23.3%) and before an aseptic task (11.4%). Hand washing was performed more frequently than hand rubs. Conclusion: Compliance with hand hygiene practices is low and no improvement in compliance was observed during the study period. This practice is related to the high risk of transmission of healthcare-related infections in critical patients and requires quality improvement interventions.
Serum Amyloid A-Mediated Inflammasome Activation of Microglial Cells in Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Yu Jin , Zhu Hong , Taheri Saeid , Mondy William , Bonilha Leonardo , Magwood Gayenell S. , Lackland Daniel , Adams Robert J. , Kindy Mark S.
Published: October 2019

Serum amyloid A (SAA) proteins are acute-phase reactant associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles and increase in the plasma 1000-fold during inflammation. Recent studies have implicated SAAs in innate immunity and various disorders; however, the precise mechanism eludes us. Previous studies have shown SAAs are elevated following stroke and cerebral ischemia, and our studies demonstrated that SAA-deficient mice reduce inflammation and infarct volumes in a mouse stroke model. Our studies demonstrate that SAA increases the cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which is mediated by Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, cathepsin B, and caspase-1 and may play a role in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. SAA induced the expression of NLRP3, which mediated IL-1β induction in murine BV-2 cells and both sex primary mouse microglial cells, in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Inhibition or KO of the NLRP3 in microglia prevented the increase in IL-1β.N-acetyl-l-cysteine and mito-TEMPO blocked the induction of IL-1β by inhibiting ROS with SAA treatment. In addition, inhibition of cathepsin B with different drugs or microglia from CatB-deficient mice attenuated inflammasome activation. Our studies suggest that the impact of SAA on inflammasome stimulation is mediated in part by the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts and Toll-like receptor proteins 2 and 4. SAA induced inflammatory cytokines and an M1 phenotype in the microglial cells while downregulating anti-inflammation M2 phenotype. These studies suggest that brain injury to can elicit a systemic inflammatory response mediated through SAA that contributes to the pathological outcomes.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn the present study, serum amyloid A can induce that activation of the inflammasome in microglial cells and give rise to IL-1β release, which can further inflammation in the brain following neurological diseases. The also presents a novel target for therapeutic approaches in stroke.
Analyzing Indonesia’s Populist Electorate
Authors: Fossati Diego , Mietzner Marcus
Published: October 2019

Using original survey data, we test the level, distribution, and demographic patterns of populist attitudes in Indonesia. Populist attitudes are widely spread across the political spectrum; disproportionately high in the middle and upper classes; and particularly robust when coupled with other primary ideologies, such as Islamism and secularism.
Leveraging SEZs for Regional Integration in ASEAN
Authors: Aggarwal Aradhna
Published: October 2019

This study explores the relationship between special economic zones and regional integration in ASEAN countries, and identifies how to leverage the attributes of SEZs to deepen regional integration for regional development. The key argument is that SEZs can play a vital role in promoting regional integration if ASEAN member nations join hands to craft a visionary strategy.
Relationships between canopy assimilation surface capacity traits and grain productivity of winter wheat genotypes under drought stress
Authors: Morgun V. , Pryadkina G. , Stasik O. , Zborivska O.
Published: October 2019

Aim. A comparative analysis of several traits of the capacity of the assimilation apparatus of 10 varieties and 2 lines of winter wheat from Ukraine, under conditions of insuffi cient precipitation and elevated air temperature during the period, when the reproductive organs formed (GS 30–49), in order to search for phenotypic markers associated with high productivity. Methods. Field, morphometric, spectrophotometric and statistical methods were used. Results. The maximum difference in yield between varieties and lines, which grew under condi- tions of insuffi cient water supply and high temperatures in April and May of growing season 2017/2018, was 24.7 %. Under these conditions, the highest grain productivity was observed for the new varieties Pochayna, Hospodarka and Kyivska 17 (8.60–8.73 t/ha) and a high canopy leaves chlorophyll index at late stages of ontogenesis (0.38-0.48 g chlorophyll/m 2 at milky-wax ripeness). This was opposed to varieties Smuhlianka, Poradnytsia and the line UK 392/15 with the
lowest yield (7.00–7.25 t/ha) and assimilation surface at this stage (0.07–0.17 g chlorophyll/m 2 ). At the fl owering stage (anthesis) the most productive varieties exceeded the least productive ones, on average, by 30 % in leaves fresh weight of the canopy, by 24 % in content of total (a+b) chlorophyll and by 60 % in canopy chlorophyll index. At milky-wax ripeness, the differences between these varieties increased signifi cantly – up to 136 % in leaf fresh weight of canopy, 57 % in chlorophyll content and 350 % in canopy leaves chlorophyll index. A close positive correlation (r = 0.69–0.77, P ˂ 0.01) between the canopy photosynthetic apparatus traits at milky-wax ripeness with the yield of varieties and lines of winter wheat under drought and high temperature stress was found. Conclusions. The results show that the leaves fresh weight of canopy and canopy leaves chlorophyll index can be used as markers of grain productivity of winter wheat under drought stress, as well as for the possible development of
molecular genetic criteria of breeding, based on these phenotypic characteristics.
MYCOPLASMOSIS IN POULTRY, A PERPETUAL PROBLEM
Authors: Shoaib Muhammad
Published: October 2019

Bacterial diseases are a huge concern for poultry farmers and cause huge economic losses to poultry industry every year. Various diseases can initiate respiratory signs in poultry, including mycoplasmosis. Mycoplasmosis is a major threat currently faced by poultry industry worldwide. In poultry main pathogenic species of Mycoplasma are Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae. Mycoplasma is a worldwide avian pathogen that causes immense losses in the poultry industry by decreasing eggs production, reducing growth and increased condemnation at slaughter houses. Mycoplasma is a wall-less bacterium that causes chronic respiratory disease in all types of chickens. Mycoplasmosis is an egg transmitted, hatchery disseminated and economically very important disease of chickens. Commonly used methods for diagnosis of Mycoplasma include isolation and identification of bacteria, several serological tests and molecular techniques. Closely located poultry farms, rearing of mixed avian species in close milieus, mixed commercial poultry farming and presence of wild birds in close proximity to poultry farms have made this disease very difficult to control. The review summarized the pathogenesis of Mycoplasma, associated risk factors, diagnostic tools and control measures. Best measures to control Mycoplasmosis include biosecurity, hygiene, good management, monitoring and removal of infected flocks, routine vaccination and farmer awareness. To reduce the risk of transmission of disease to other poultry populations, there should be continued monitoring of flocks for Mycoplasma.
IN VITRO SCREENING OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS GROWING IN SLOVAKIA
Authors: Gayibova Sabina , Ivanišová Eva , Árvay JÃºlius , Hŕstková Miroslava , Slávik Marek , Petrová Jana , Hleba LukÃ¡Å¡ , Tóth TomÃ¡Å¡ , Kačániová Miroslava , Aripov Takhir
Published: October 2019

Traditional medicine usage at the preventive medicine level is comprehensive and plant-based remedies are being prescribed for the treatment of a large scale of diseases by indigenous medical practitioners around the world. The phytochemicals being observed in the fruits and vegetables as well as herbal plants are getting investigated intensively as their important role in the avoidance of diverse human diseases is undoubtful. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of selected medicinal herbs were evaluated in this study. Aerial parts of plants from Hypericaceae, Lamiaceae, Fabaceae, Plantaginaceae, Rubiaceae growing wild in Slovakia (locality Zobor) were investigated to characterize their polyphenol content, flavonoid content, as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Inspection of the metabolic profile combined with HPLC data showed that the ethanol extract contained mainly eight polyphenols with apigenin, daidzein, kaempferol, rutin, quercetin, vitexin, and cynaroside as the main chemicals. Among them, neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, trans-p-caffeic acid, trans-p-coumaric acid, trans-p-sinapic acid, trans-p-ferulic acid, rosmarinic acid were identified. The antioxidant capacity of ethanol extracts was evaluated by employing DPPH radical scavenging and phosphomolybdenum assays. All samples were also tested against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Micrococcus luteus, Staphyloccocus epidermidis) and Gram-negative (Citrobacter koseri, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas proteolytica, Hafnia alvei, Salmonella enterica, Yersinia enterocolitica) bacterial species using the disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration assays
KETERKAITAN ANTARA MODAL SOSIAL DENGAN EFISIENSI KELEMBAGAAN PADA KOPERASI PONDOK PESANTREN SIDOGIRI, PASURUAN
Authors: KUTSIYAH FARAHDILLA , KAMAROELLAH AGOES , KULSUM UMMU
Published: October 2019

Sidogiri Islamic Boarding School is one of the oldest Islamic boarding schools and is capable of being independent in its operational activities by having very rich resources and this institution is also an example of success in developing Islamic economics. The definition of "institution" in this article is how the rules are implemented in the pesantren's economic activities that are deeply tied to the social capital that they have. This study uses a case study qualitative approach. Data collection through observation, documentation and in-depth interviews. The results of the study show that social capital that is embedded in the pesantren environment can reduce transaction costs so that the institutional of Sidogiri Islamic Boarding School cooperative is more efficient. Network can reduce the cost of information, negotiation, coordination and supervision. Norms can decrease the occurrence of irregularities and the existence of trust. Shared vision can facilitate coordination and increase motivation. It is recommended that the application of social capital in the management of the Sidogiri kopontren be able to be transferred some other pesantren that are still lagging behind in economic development so that they are able to be independent and can help the economic problems of the community.
Counting surface branched covers
Authors: Petronio Carlo , Sarti Filippo
Published: October 2019

To a branched cover f between orientable surfaces one can associate a certain branch datum, that encodes the combinatorics of the cover. This satisfies a compatibility condition called the Riemann-Hurwitz relation. The old but still partly unsolved Hurwitz problem asks whether for a given abstract compatible branch datum there exists a branched cover f such that . One can actually refine this problem and ask how many these f's exist, but one must of course decide what restrictions one puts on such f’s, and choose an equivalence relation up to which one regards them. As it turns out, quite a few natural choices for this relation are possible. In this short note we carefully analyze all these choices and show that the number of actually distinct ones is only three. To see that these three choices are indeed different from each other we employ Grothendieck's dessins d'enfant.
On the problem of Pillai with Padovan numbers and powers of 3
Authors: Ddamulira Mahadi
Published: October 2019

Let {P n}n≥0 be the sequence of Padovan numbers defined by P0 = 0, P1 = 1, P2 = 1, and Pn+3 = Pn+1 + Pn for all n ≥ 0. In this paper, we find all integers c admitting at least two representations as a difference between a Padovan number and a power of 3.
Hebrew Manuscripts and Scribes in the Crimean Golden Horde (Solkhat)1
Authors: Akhiezer Golda
Published: October 2019

Solkhat, the regional capital of the Golden Horde in the Crimean Peninsula, was a multi-cultural city, with two Jewish communities—Rabbanite and Karaite. Unlike other Jewish centres in the Golden Horde, Hebrew manuscripts from 13th–15th century Solkhat have survived. These documents enable a micro-historical glance into its Jewish life, mainly of the Karaite community. However, they provide only a partial picture of the origins of these Jewish communities, circumstances of Karaite immigration to Eastern Europe, and their use of the Qıpçaq language. Parallel social and cultural processes in Solkhat's non-Jewish communities offer directions for a possible solution to these issues.
Grounding Tantric Praxis in the Mahāyāna Meaning and Modes:
Authors: Linghui Zhang
Published: October 2019

This paper explores a sūtra-based doxography contained in the 12th-century Tangut Mahāmudrā work Notes on the Keypoints of Mahāmudrā as the Ultimate. It employs the doctrinal complex of the doxography to demonstrate the common Mahāyāna discursive framework within which the tantra-originated Mahāmudrā has grounded its meaning. It further argues that the doxography integrates the Yogācāra-Madhyamaka and Buddha-nature currents of thought as the philosophical ground for Mahāmudrā.
Interpreting Accuracy and Visual Processing of Numbers in Professional and Student Interpreters: an Eye-tracking Study
Authors: Stachowiak-Szymczak Katarzyna , Korpal Paweł
Published: October 2019

Simultaneous interpreting is a cognitively demanding task, based on performing several activities concurrently (Gile 1995; Seeber 2011). While multitasking itself is challenging, there are numerous tasks which make interpreting even more difficult, such as rendering of numbers and proper names, or dealing with a speaker's strong accent (Gile 2009). Among these, number interpreting is cognitively taxing since numerical data cannot be derived from the context and it needs to be rendered in a word-to-word manner (Mazza 2001). In our study, we aimed to examine cognitive load involved in number interpreting and to verify whether access to visual materials in the form of slides increases number interpreting accuracy in simultaneous interpreting performed by professional interpreters (N = 26) and interpreting trainees (N = 22). We used a remote EyeLink 1000+ eye-tracker to measure fixation count, mean fixation duration, and gaze time. The participants interpreted two short speeches from English into Polish, both containing 10 numerals. Slides were provided for one of the presentations. Our results show that novices are characterised by longer fixations and they provide a less accurate interpretation than professional interpreters. In addition, access to slides increases number interpreting accuracy. The results obtained might be a valuable contribution to studies on visual processing in simultaneous interpreting, number interpreting as a competence, as well as interpreter training.
Egy deréktáji fájdalommal kapcsolatos betegségspecifikus tudást felmérő külföldi kérdőív hazai, magyar nyelvű validálása
Authors: Kovács-Babócsay Bianka , Makai Alexandra , Szilágyi Brigitta , Tardi Péter , Ács Pongrác , Velényi Anita , Rébék-Nagy Gábor , Járomi Melinda
Published: October 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Many disease-specific questionnaires, which analyze patients’ functional status, quality of life or the progression of the disease, have been validated in Hungarian. The low back pain (LBP) patients’ knowledge about their problem has not been measured by an officially validated Hungarian tool. Aim: The aim of our study was to translate and validate the Low Back Pain Knowledge Questionnaire (LKQ) and to assess its validity and reliability. Method: We used the translation-back translation method as the first step. Then we used a synthesis of the back translations reviewed by independent translators. We enrolled 218 people in our study: 101 of them were chronic LBP patients and 73 acute LBP patients. For the validation process, we used the Roland–Morris Disability Index to compare our questionnaire. We calculated Cronbach’s alpha values and correlation coefficients. Results: The Hungarian version of LKQ correlated well with the Roland–Morris Index and it proved to be a valid questionnaire (correlation coefficient: –0.393; Cronbach’s alpha value 0.894). Conclusion: We found the Hungarian version of LKQ a valid and reliable tool to measure patients’ knowledge about LBP. We recommend future studies should apply bigger and more homogenous populations to assess LBP disease-specific knowledge in this country. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(42): 1663–1672.