bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dental Students Perception of Challenges Faced by Them during Administration of First Dental Injection in Patients
Authors: Shettar Vijaylaxmi , Kale Alka , Mali Rajendra
Published: July 2024

Aim and Objectives:

This study aimed to note the dental students perception of challenges faced by them administering first dental injection in patients when they were undergraduates and the need to introduce simulator training for dental injections for undergraduates.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 120 dental students participated in the study. The study was conducted in national accredited A+ dental college of India, where the participants were presently pursuing postgraduation. The participants had completed their undergraduate programs from different dental colleges of India. The participants were provided with a validated structured questionnaire to note the challenges they faced when administering their first dental injection in patients when they were undergraduates if they had undergone any dental injection simulator training in dental colleges where they had completed their undergraduate program and the need of simulator training for dental injections. The data were collected and statistically analyzed.

Results:

During the administration of the first dental injection on patients, 82.5% of students were anxious. Students (100%) had not undergone any training for dental injections on simulators as undergraduates. Majority (85.8%) of students agreed that there is a need to introduce an inferior alveolar nerve block simulator for dental undergraduates.

Conclusion:

First dental injection in patients is associated with high anxiety levels in dental students. Mastering the skill of local anesthesia administration requires practice and time. Hence, the majority of the students agreed that including simulators for dental injections, especially for technically demanding blocks such as inferior alveolar nerve blocks at the undergraduate level, will make them less anxious and more confident.
Sialolithiasis in Sublingual Glands Involving the Floor of the Mouth: A Case Report
Authors: Shah Deep , Shah Rishabh , Budakoti Akansha , Venkatesh Rashmi , Badi Kavita , Shah Kreena
Published: July 2024

Sialolithiasis is a benign condition involving the formation of stones within the ducts of the major salivary glands: parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. It is the most frequent cause of salivary gland swelling, with a reported incidence of 1 in 10000–1 in 30000. It can obstruct the salivary ducts, leading to inflammation, superimposed bacterial infection termed sialadenitis, or, in rare cases, abscess formation. And decreased salivary flow rate. Treatment options for sialolithiasis, including sialogogues, direct massage of distal stones out of the duct, and other procedures, including interventional sialography, sialoendoscopy, and surgical management. In this article, we report a 20-year-old female presented with a case of sublingual gland Sialolithiasis treated with simply milking of the duct.
Role of Vitamin D Supplementation in Treatment of BPPV Patients
Authors: Dhore Anagha , Hajare Priti
Published: July 2024

Aim:

The aim of the study is to study the outcomes of Vitamin D supplements along with Betahistine as compared to Betahistine alone in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) patients.

Background:

BPPV is the most prevalent neuro-otological circumstance which is characterized by episodes of vertigo.

Methodology:

The research was performed in a tertiary care center in the department of otorhinolaryngology and head-and-neck operation at tertiary care center, India. This was a randomized controlled trial research with records of 50 cases in the year 2021–2022. The average age of the subjects was ± 18 years. A total of 50 cases were classified into two groups, each including 25 patients (Group A: 25 and Group B: 25). Group A received 60,000 IU cholecalciferol weekly along with betahistine for 3 months, whereas Group B received only betahistine. The Institute Ethics Committee (Human Studies) examined and accepted the study protocol (Approval No. JIP/IEC/SC/2016/26/861; Annexure 3).

Results:

A total of 50 subjects reporting to the otolaryngology clinic with complaints of frequent attacks of dizziness were evaluated for vertigo using a dizziness history questionnaire that promotes greater accountability and flexibility and which is also a well-recognized method among students, physicians who aim to establish a practice in future. After complete preoperative evaluation, the cases were randomly separated into two groups: Group A received 60,000 IU cholecalciferol weekly along with betahistine for 3 months, and Group B received only betahistine. The results of the treatment were compared between two groups. The inter-group continuous variables and intragroup quantitative variables (n = 2) were compared using suitable tools of statistics such as unpaired Student’s t-test. The categorical data were expressed in terms of percentage, rate, and ratio. The association between the result and clinical and demographic characteristics was tested using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. In the present study, Vitamin D levels were compared between Group A and Group B. Before treatment, Group A had a Vitamin D level of 16.68, whereas Group B had a Vitamin D level of 17.48, whereas Group A showed 19.68 and Group B showed 18.42 posttreatment. In the present investigation, Group A patients showed better outcomes in contrast to Group B patients.

Conclusion:

This study proves that the addition of Vitamin D along with betahistine in the routine treatment of BPPV reduces the number of recurrent episode of BPPV as well as help with reducing the symptoms of other comorbidities such as migraine and tinnitus.
A Literature Review of the Diagnostic Utility of Touch Imprint Cytology in Lymph Node Lesions
Authors: Viswanathan Vidya , Vimal Shruti , Randive Ruchi Samir , Dharwadkar Arpana , Iqbal Banyameen , Bavikar Rupali
Published: July 2024

Lymph nodes are encapsulated bean shaped structures, which function in mechanical filtration of lymph, along with recognition and processing of antigens. Pathology of the lymph node can be either inflammatory or neoplastic. Since they are easily accessible in most instances they can be easily submitted to FNAC, Imprint cytology or Biopsy. In this article we are reviewing the utility and effectiveness of touch imprint cytology which can be used in the intra operative diagnosis of lymph node conditions. An elaborate search of all the material related to the topic was carried out in various search engines such as Pubmed. Relevant research articles were shortlisted between the period 1927-2020. Our study reviewed all the work done in this field during this period. It was found that touch imprint cytology had an accuracy of up to 98.7%. The procedure has almost 100% specificity and up to 98.2% sensitivity. With several new diseases emerging, and patients seeking therapy at an early stage of sickness, early detection is critical for disease management. Lymph nodes are one of the most essential structures that serve as a perfect breeding for a variety of diseases. The problems faced with aspiration cytology and the lengthy waiting period for histopathology diagnosis can be overcome with touch imprint cytology providing a simple, rapid, and economical method of diagnosis.
Hyperfiniteness of boundary actions of relatively hyperbolic groups
Authors: Karpinski Chris
Published: July 2024

We show that if

G

is a finitely generated group hyperbolic relative to a finite collection of subgroups

\mathcal{P}

, then the natural action of

G

on the geodesic boundary of the associated relative Cayley graph induces a hyperfinite equivalence relation. As a corollary of this, we obtain that the natural action of

G

on its Bowditch boundary

\partial (G,\mathcal{P})

also induces a hyperfinite equivalence relation. This strengthens a result of Ozawa obtained for

\mathcal{P}

consisting of amenable subgroups and uses a recent work of Marquis and Sabok.
On convex comparison for exterior Bernoulli problems with discontinuous anisotropy
Authors: Feldman William M , Požár Norbert
Published: July 2024

We give a new, intuitive proof of a convex comparison principle for exterior Bernoulli free boundary problems with discontinuous anisotropy.
Parabolic fractal geometry of stable Lévy processes with drift
Authors: Kern Peter , Pleschberger Leonard
Published: July 2024

We explicitly calculate the Hausdorff dimension of the graph and range of an isotropic stable Lévy process

X

plus deterministic drift function

f

. For that purpose we use a restricted version of the genuine Hausdorff dimension, which is called the parabolic Hausdorff dimension. It turns out that covers by parabolic cylinders are optimal for treating self-similar processes, since their distinct non-linear scaling between time and space geometrically matches the self-similarity of the processes. We provide explicit formulas for the Hausdorff dimension of the graph and the range of

X+f

. In sum, the parabolic Hausdorff dimension of the drift term

f

alone contributes to the Hausdorff dimension of

X+f

. Furthermore, we derive some formulas and bounds for the parabolic Hausdorff dimension.
Influence of Different Salt Concentrations and Addition of Commercial Enzyme on the Chemical Characteristics of Fish Sauce from Round Scad (Decapterus maruadsi)
Authors: Nguyen Huong Thi My
Published: July 2024

The effects of salt concentrations and addition of Flavourzyme on the chemical characteristics of fish sauce were studied. The fermentation mixtures were prepared by mixing fish with salt at one of two levels (25% or 30%) and Flavourzyme supplementation at 0%, 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5% based on fish weight, and fermented at the ambient temperature ranging from 25 to 32 °C for three months. The results showed that the fish sauces with 25% salt contained total nitrogen of 17.4 - 25.3 g/L, amino acid nitrogen of 8.1 - 13.5 g/L, and ammonia nitrogen of 1.2 - 1.9 g/L. For fish sauces with 30% salt, these contents were 16.3 - 24.2 g/L, 7.2 - 12.2 g/L and 1.1 - 1.5 g/L, respectively. The fish sauces with 25% salt had amino acid nitrogen contents of 8.1 g/L for sample without Flavourzyme and 10.9 - 13.5 g/L for samples with Flavourzyme. The higher enzyme levels gave higher yield, total nitrogen, and amino acid nitrogen contents but lower ammonia nitrogen and pH values. This study suggested that the fish sauce produced using 25% salt and 0.3% Flavourzyme was appropriate. Flavourzyme could be a potential enzyme applied to improve the chemical properties of fish sauce.
Catch Composition and Catch Per Unit Effort of Small-scale Fisheries on the Coasts of the Bodrum Region (Güllük Bay, South-eastern Aegean Sea)
Authors: Akyol Okan , Ceyhan Tevfik , Düzbastılar Faik Ozan , Ertosluk Okan
Published: July 2024

This study presents the species composition of fish caught using gill/trammel nets in the Bodrum and surrounding areas on the coasts of the southern Aegean Sea, along with the fish catch per unit effort (CPUE) values by fishing area and seasonality. Five types of set nets were examined: gillnets for the bogue (Boops boops) fishing, trammel nets for the common sole (Solea solea) fishing, bottom trammel nets, bottom gillnets, and trammel nets for the red mullet (Mullus barbatus) fishing. Among these, gillnets used for bogue fishing are primarily deployed near fish cages. The study revealed that the highest average CPUE values of gill nets were 50.3±8.3 kg.1000 m-1 in spring and 64.5±24.9 kg.1000 m-1 around the sea cages, attributed to the increased presence of bogue, particularly during the spring season.
Unveiling the potential of electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing metal stents in endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage
Authors: Chisthi Meer M
Published: July 2024

This editorial delves into Peng et al 's article, published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery . Peng et al 's meta-analysis investigates the effectiveness of electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing metal stents (ECE-LAMS) in ultrasound-guided biliary drainage for alleviating malignant biliary obstruction. Examining 14 studies encompassing 620 participants, the research underscores a robust technical success rate of 96.7%, highlighting the efficacy of ECE-LAMS, particularly in challenging cases which have failed endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography. A clinical success rate of 91.0% underscores its impact on symptom alleviation, while a reasonably tolerable adverse event rate of 17.5% is observed. However, the 7.3% re-intervention rate stresses the need for post-procedural monitoring. Subgroup analyses validate consistent outcomes, bolstering the applicability of ECE-LAMS. These findings advocate for the adoption of ECE-LAMS as an appropriate approach for biliary palliation, urging further exploration in real-world clinical contexts. They offer valuable insights for optimizing interventions targeting malignant biliary obstruction management.
Minimally invasive pelvic exenteration for primary or recurrent locally advanced rectal cancer: A glimpse into the future
Authors: Kehagias Dimitrios , Lampropoulos Charalampos , Kehagias Ioannis
Published: July 2024

Surgeons have grappled with the treatment of recurrent and T4b locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) for many years. Their main objectives are to increase the overall survival and quality of life of the patients and to mitigate postoperative complications. Currently, pelvic exenteration (PE) with or without neoadjuvant treatment is a curative treatment when negative resection margins are achieved. The traditional open approach has been favored by many surgeons. However, the technological advancements in minimally invasive surgery have radically changed the surgical options. Recent studies have demonstrated promising results in postoperative complications and oncological outcomes after robotic or laparoscopic PE. A recent retrospective study entitled “Feasibility and safety of minimally invasive multivisceral resection for T4b rectal cancer: A 9-year review” was published in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery . As we read this article with great interest, we decided to delve into the latest data regarding the benefits and risks of minimally invasive PE for LARC. Currently, the small number of suitable patients, limited surgeon experience, and steep learning curve are hindering the establishment of minimally invasive PE.
Reproducibility study of intravoxel incoherent motion and apparent diffusion coefficient parameters in normal pancreas
Authors: Liu Xiang , Wang Yi-Feng , Qi Xiao-Hui , Zhang Zhi-Lei , Pan Jiang-Yang , Fan Xue-Li , Du Yu , Zhai Ying-Min , Wang Qi
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The consistency of pancreatic apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameter values across different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) devices significantly impacts the patient’s diagnosis and treatment.

AIM

To explore consistency in image quality, ADC values, and IVIM parameter values among different MRI devices in pancreatic examinations.

METHODS

This retrospective study was approved by the local ethics committee, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. In total, 22 healthy volunteers (10 males and 12 females) aged 24-61 years (mean, 28.9 ± 2.3 years) underwent pancreatic diffusion-weighted imaging using 3.0T MRI equipment from three vendors. Two independent observers subjectively scored image quality and measured the pancreas’s overall ADC values and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). Subsequently, regions of interest (ROIs) were delineated for the IVIM parameters (true diffusion coefficient, pseudo-diffusion coefficient, and perfusion fraction) using post-processing software. These ROIs were on the head, body, and tail of the pancrease. The subjective image ratings were assessed using the kappa consistency test. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and mixed linear models were used to evaluate each device’s quantitative parameter values. Finally, a pairwise analysis of IVIM parameter values across each device was performed using Bland-Altman plots.

RESULTS

The Kappa value for the subjective ratings of the different observers was 0.776 (P < 0.05). The ICC values for inter-observer and intra-observer agreements for the quantitative parameters were 0.803 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.684-0.880] and 0.883 (95%CI: 0.760-0.945), respectively (P < 0.05). The ICCs for the SNR between different devices was comparable (P > 0.05), and the ICCs for the ADC values from different devices were 0.870, 0.707, and 0.808, respectively (P < 0.05). Notably, only a few statistically significant inter-device agreements were observed for different IVIM parameters, and among those, the ICC values were generally low. The mixed linear model results indicated differences (P < 0.05) in the f -value for the pancreas head, D -value for the pancreas body, and D -value for the pancreas tail obtained using different MRI machines. The Bland-Altman plots showed significant variability at some data points.

CONCLUSION

ADC values are consistent among different devices, but the IVIM parameters’ repeatability is moderate. Therefore, the variability in the IVIM parameter values may be associated with using different MRI machines. Thus, caution should be exercised when using IVIM parameter values to assess the pancreas.
Clinical efficacy of laparoscopic cholecystectomy plus cholangioscopy for the treatment of cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis
Authors: Liu Chao-Hui , Chen Zhi-Wei , Yu Zhe , Liu Hong-Yu , Pan Jian-Sheng , Qiu Shuang-Shuang
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Currently, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) plus laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the main treatment for cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis. However, the treatment is unsatisfactory, and the development of better therapies is needed.

AIM

To determine the clinical efficacy of LC plus cholangioscopy for cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis.

METHODS

Patients (n = 243) with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis admitted to The Affiliated Haixia Hospital of Huaqiao University (910th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force) between January 2019 and December 2023 were included in the study; 111 patients (control group) underwent ERCP + LC and 132 patients (observation group) underwent LC + laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE). Surgical success rates, residual stone rates, complications (pancreatitis, hyperamylasemia, biliary tract infection, and bile leakage), surgical indicators [intraoperative blood loss (IBL) and operation time (OT)], recovery indices (postoperative exhaust/defecation time and hospital stay), and serum inflammatory markers [C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were compared.

RESULTS

No significant differences in surgical success rates and residual stone rates were detected between the observation and control groups. However, the complication rate, IBL, OT, postoperative exhaust/defecation time, and hospital stays were significantly reduced in the observation group compared with the control group. Furthermore, CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 Levels after treatment were reduced in the observation group compared with the levels in the control group.

CONCLUSION

These results indicate that LC + LCBDE is safer than ERCP + LC for the treatment of cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis. The surgical risks and postoperative complications were lower in the observation group compared with the control group. Thus, patients may recover quickly with less inflammation after LCBDE.
Association between operative position and postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Li Zhao-Peng , Song Yan-Cheng , Li Ya-Li , Guo Dong , Chen Dong , Li Yu
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Bariatric surgery is one of the most effective ways to treat morbid obesity, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the common complications after bariatric surgery. At present, the mechanism of the high incidence of PONV after weight-loss surgery has not been clearly explained, and this study aims to investigate the effect of surgical position on PONV in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

AIM

To explore the effect of the operative position during bariatric surgery on PONV.

METHODS

Data from obese patients, who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in the authors’ hospital between June 2020 and February 2022 were divided into 2 groups and retrospectively analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and the t -test were used to study the influence of operative position on PONV.

RESULTS

There were 15 cases of PONV in the supine split-leg group (incidence rate, 50%) and 11 in the supine group (incidence rate, 36.7%) (P = 0.297). The mean operative duration in the supine split-leg group was 168.23 ± 46.24 minutes and 140.60 ± 32.256 minutes in the supine group (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that operative position was not an independent risk factor for PONV (odds ratio = 1.192, 95% confidence interval: 0.376-3.778, P = 0.766).

CONCLUSION

Operative position during LSG may affect PONV; however, the difference in the incidence of PONV was not statistically significant. Operative position should be carefully considered for obese patients before surgery.
Preoperative albumin-bilirubin score predicts short-term outcomes and long-term prognosis in colorectal cancer patients undergoing radical surgery
Authors: Diao Yu-Hang , Shu Xin-Peng , Tan Can , Wang Li-Juan , Cheng Yong
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score is a serum biochemical indicator of liver function and has been proven to have prognostic value in a variety of cancers. In colorectal cancer (CRC), a high ALBI score tends to be associated with poorer survival.

AIM

To investigate the correlation between the preoperative ALBI score and outcomes in CRC patients who underwent radical surgery.

METHODS

Patients who underwent radical CRC surgery between January 2011 and January 2020 at a single clinical center were included. The ALBI score was calculated by the formula (log10 bilirubin × 0.66) + (albumin × -0.085), and the cutoff value for grouping patients was -2.8. The short-term outcomes, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated.

RESULTS

A total of 4025 CRC patients who underwent radical surgery were enrolled in this study, and there were 1908 patients in the low ALBI group and 2117 patients in the high ALBI group. Cox regression analysis revealed that age, tumor size, tumor stage, ALBI score, and overall complications were independent risk factors for OS; age, tumor stage, ALBI score, and overall complications were identified as independent risk factors for DFS.

CONCLUSION

A high preoperative ALBI score is correlated with adverse short-term outcomes, and the ALBI score is an independent risk factor for OS and DFS in patients with CRC undergoing radical surgery.
Effect of rapid rehabilitation nursing on improving clinical outcomes in postoperative patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Song Jing-Yan , Cao Jing , Mao Jian , Wang Jiang-Lian
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Surgical resection is the cornerstone treatment for colorectal cancer. Rapid rehabilitation care predicated on evidence-based medical theory aims to improve postoperative nursing care, subsequently reducing the physical and mental traumatic stress response and helping patients who undergo surgery recover rapidly.

AIM

To assess the effect of rapid rehabilitation care on clinical outcomes, including overall postoperative complications, anastomotic leaks, wound infections, and intestinal obstruction in patients with colorectal cancer.

METHODS

We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Elsevier Science Direct, and Springer Link databases from January 1, 2010, to January 1, 2024, to screen eligible studies on rapid rehabilitation care among patients who underwent colorectal cancer surgery. Patients were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan 5.4 software was used for statistical analysis of the data.

RESULTS

Twelve studies were enrolled, which included 2420 patients. The results showed that rapid rehabilitation care decreased the incidence of overall postoperative complications (OR: 0.44, 95%CI: 0.26–0.74, P = 0.002), anastomotic leaks (OR: 0.68, 95%CI: 0.41–1.12, P = 0.13), wound infections (OR: 0.45, 95%CI: 0.29–0.72, P = 0.0007), and intestinal obstruction (OR: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.34–0.86, P = 0.01) compared to conventional care. Further trials and studies are needed to confirm these results.

CONCLUSION

Rapid rehabilitation care decreased the occurrence of postoperative complications, anastomotic leaks, wound infections, and intestinal obstruction compared to conventional care in patients who underwent colorectal surgery. Therefore, promoting the application of rapid rehabilitation care in clinical practice cannot be overemphasized.
Impact of nutritional support on immunity, nutrition, inflammation, and outcomes in elderly gastric cancer patients after surgery
Authors: Chen Xiao-Wan , Guo Xiao-Chun , Cheng Fen
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Postoperative rehabilitation of elderly patients with gastric cancer has always been the focus of clinical attention. Whether the intervention by a full-course nutritional support team can have a positive impact on the postoperative immune function, nutritional status, inflammatory response, and clinical outcomes of this special population has not yet been fully verified.

AIM

To evaluate the impact of full-course nutritional support on postoperative comprehensive symptoms in elderly patients with gastric cancer.

METHODS

This is a retrospective study, including 60 elderly gastric cancer patients aged 70 years and above, divided into a nutritional support group and a control group. The nutritional support group received full postoperative nutritional support, including individualized meal formulation, and intravenous and parenteral nutrition supplementation, and was regularly evaluated and adjusted by a professional nutrition team. The control group received routine postoperative care.

RESULTS

After intervention, the proportion of CD4+ lymphocytes (25.3% ± 3.1% vs 21.8% ± 2.9%, P < 0.05) and the level of immunoglobulin G (12.5 G/L ± 2.3 G/L vs 10.2 G/L ± 1.8 G/L, P < 0.01) were significantly higher in the nutritional support group than in the control group; the changes in body weight (-0.5 kg ± 0.8 kg vs -1.8 kg ± 0.9 kg, P < 0.05) and body mass index (-0.2 ± 0.3 vs -0.7 ± 0.4, P < 0.05) were less significant in the nutritional support group than in the control group; and the level of C-reactive protein (1.2 mg/L ± 0.4 mg/L vs 2.5 mg/L ± 0.6 mg/L, P < 0.01) and WBC count (7.2 × 109/L ± 1.5 × 109/L vs 9.8 × 109/L ± 2.0 × 109/L, P < 0.01) were significantly lower in the nutritional support group than in the control group. In addition, patients in the nutritional support group had a shorter hospital stay (10.3 d ± 2.1 d vs 14.8 d ± 3.6 d, P < 0.05) and lower incidence of infection (15% vs 35%, P < 0.05) in those of the control group.

CONCLUSION

The intervention by the nutritional support team has a positive impact on postoperative immune function, nutritional status, inflammatory response, and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with gastric cancer.
Potential applications of single-incision laparoscopic totally preperitoneal hernioplasty
Authors: Wang Xiao-Jun , Fei Ting , Xiang Xiong-Hua , Wang Quan , Zhou En-Cheng
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The totally preperitoneal (TPP) approach is a new concept that was recently introduced. Although the TPP approach combined with single-incision laparoscopic hernia repair has its own advantages, there is little evidence reflecting the characteristics and feasibility of either approach.

AIM

To analyze the potential applications of single-incision laparoscopic TPP (SIL-TPP) inguinal hernia hernioplasty for the treatment of inguinal hernias.

METHODS

A total of 152 SIL-TPP surgeries were performed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University from February 2019 to November 2022. A single-port, named Iconport, and standard laparoscopic instruments were used during the operation. Demographic data, intraoperative parameters and short-term postoperative outcomes were collected and retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTS

The demographic data of 152 patients underwent SIL-TPP were shown in Table 1 . The average age was 49.5 years (range from 21 to 81 years). The average body mass index was 27.7 kg/m2 (range from 17.7 kg/m2 to 35.6 kg/m2). SIL-TPP were conducted successfully in 147 patients. Three patients were converted to the SIL-transabdominal preperitoneal laparoscopic herniorrhaphy at the initial stage of the study due to a lack of experience. In 2 patients with incisional hernias, an auxiliary operation hole was added during the SIL-TPP procedure, as required for surgery. The mean operative time was 64.5 minutes (range: 36.0-110.0 minutes) for unilateral direct and femoral hernias and 81.6 minutes for indirect hernias (range: 40.0-150.0 minutes). The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.4 days.

CONCLUSION

SIL-TPP is feasible and has advantages for inguinal hernia repair. SIL-TPP has potential benefits for patients with various abdominal wall hernias. Consequently, doctors should be encouraged to actively apply the TPP approach combined with a single incision in their daily work.
Clinical significance of preoperative nutritional status in elderly gastric cancer patients undergoing radical gastrectomy: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Zhao Xi-Ning , Lu Jing , He Hong-Yong , Ge Sheng-Jin
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The population of elderly patients with gastric cancer is increasing, which is a major public health issue in China. Malnutrition is one of the greatest risk factors for adverse clinical outcomes in elderly patients with gastric cancer.

AIM

To investigate the preoperative nutritional status and its association with delayed discharge of elderly gastric cancer patients following radical gastrectomy.

METHODS

A total of 783 patients aged 65 years and older harboring gastric adenocarcinoma and following radical gastrectomy were retrospectively analyzed from the prospectively collected database of Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University between January 2018 and May 2020.

RESULTS

The overall rate of malnutrition was 31.8%. The incidence of postoperative complications was significantly higher in the malnourished group compared to the well-nourished group (P < 0.001). Nutritional characteristics in the malnourished group, including body mass index, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), albumin, prealbumin, and hemoglobin, were all significantly lower than those in the well-nourished group. The percentage of patients who received postoperative total nutrient admixture was lower in the malnourished group compared to the well-nourished group (22.1% vs 33.5%, P = 0.001). Age ≥ 70 years (HR = 1.216, 95%CI: 1.048-1.411), PNI < 44.5 (HR = 1.792, 95%CI: 1.058-3.032), operation time ≥ 160 minutes (HR = 1.431, 95%CI: 1.237-1.656), and postoperative complications grade III or higher (HR = 2.191, 95%CI: 1.604-2.991) were all recognized as independent risk factors associated with delayed discharge.

CONCLUSION

Malnutrition is relatively common in elderly patients undergoing gastrectomy. Low PNI is an independent risk factor associated with delay discharge. More strategies are needed to improve the clinical outcome of these patients.
Postoperative body weight change and its influencing factors in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Li Yan , Huang Li-Hua , Zhu Hui-Di , He Ping , Li Bei-Bei , Wen Li-Jing
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The high incidence and mortality of gastric cancer (GC) pose a significant threat to human life and health, and it has become an important public health challenge in China. Body weight loss is a common complication after surgical treatment in patients with GC and is associated with poor prognosis and GC recurrence. However, current attention to postoperative weight change in GC patients remains insufficient, and the descriptions of postoperative weight change and its influencing factors are also different.

AIM

To investigate body weight changes in patients with GC within 6 mo after gastrectomy and identify factors that influence dynamic body weight changes.

METHODS

We conducted a prospective longitudinal study of 121 patients with GC and collected data before (T0) and 1 (T1), 3 (T2), and 6 (T3) mo after gastrectomy using a general data questionnaire, psychological distress thermometer, and body weight measurements. The general estimation equation (GEE) was used to analyze the dynamic trends of body weight changes and factors that influence body weight changes in patients with GC within 6 mo of gastrectomy.

RESULTS

The median weight loss at T1, T2, and T3 was 7.29% (2.84%, 9.40%), 11.11% (7.64%, 14.91%), and 14.75% (8.80%, 19.84%), respectively. The GEE results showed that preoperative body mass index (BMI), significant psychological distress, religious beliefs, and sex were risk factors for weight loss in patients with GC within 6 mo after gastrectomy (P < 0.05). Compared with preoperative low-weight patients, preoperative obese patients were more likely to have weight loss (β = 14.685, P < 0.001). Furthermore, patients with significant psychological distress were more likely to lose weight than those without (β = 2.490, P < 0.001), and religious patients were less likely to lose weight 6 mo after gastrectomy than those without religious beliefs (β = -6.844, P = 0.001). Compared to female patients, male patients were more likely to experience weight loss 6 mo after gastrectomy (β = 4.262, P = 0.038).

CONCLUSION

Male patients with GC with high preoperative BMI, significant psychological distress, and no religious beliefs are more likely to lose weight after gastrectomy.
Cost burden following esophagectomy: A single centre observational study
Authors: Buchholz Vered , Lee Dong Kyu , Liu David S , Aly Ahmad , Barnett Stephen A , Hazard Riley , Le Peter , Kioussis Benjamin , Muralidharan Vijayaragavan , Weinberg Laurence
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Cost analyses of patients undergoing esophagectomy is valuable for identifying modifiable expenditure drivers to target and curtail costs while improving the quality of care. We aimed to define the cost-complication relationship after esophagectomy and delineate the incremental contributions to costs.

AIM

To assess the relationship between the hospital costs and potential cost drivers post esophagectomy and investigate the relationship between the cost-driving variables (predicting variables) and hospital costs (dependent variable).

METHODS

In this retrospective single center study, the severity of complications was graded using the Clavien-Dindo (CD) classification system. Key esophagectomy complications were categorized and defined according to consensus guidelines. Raw costing data included the in-hospital costs of the index admission and any unplanned admission within 30 postoperative days. We used correlation analysis to assess the relationship between key clinical variables and hospital costs (in United States dollars) to identify cost drivers. A mediation model was used to investigate the relationship between these variables and hospital costs.

RESULTS

A total of 110 patients underwent primary esophageal resection. The median admission cost was $47822.7 (interquartile range: 35670.2-68214.0). The total effects on costs were $13593.9 (95%CI: 10187.1-17000.8, P < 0.001) for each increase in CD severity grade, $4781 (95%CI: 3772.7-5789.3, P < 0.001) for each increase in the number of complications, and $42552.2 (95%CI: 8309-76795.4, P = 0.015) if a key esophagectomy complication developed. Key esophagectomy complications drove the costs directly by $11415.7 (95%CI: 992.5-21838.9, P = 0.032).

CONCLUSION

The severity and number of complications, and the development of key esophagectomy complications significantly contributed to total hospital costs. Continuous institutional initiatives and strategies are needed to enhance patient outcomes and minimize costs.
Impacts of different pancreatic resection ranges on endocrine function in Suncus murinus
Authors: Li Ru-Jia , Yang Ting , Zeng Yu-Hao , Natsuyama Yutaro , Ren Ke , Li Jun , Nagakawa Yuichi , Yi Shuang-Qin
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Surgical intervention involving the pancreas can lead to impaired glucose tolerance and other types of endocrine dysfunction. The scope of pancreatectomy and whether it includes the ventral pancreas are the key factors in the development of postoperative diabetes. The ventral and dorsal pancreases are almost separated in Suncus murinus (S. murinus ).

AIM

To investigate the effects of different extents of pancreatic resection on endocrine function in S. murinus .

METHODS

Eight-week-old male S. murinus shrews were randomly divided into three experimental groups according to different pancreatic resection ranges as follows: ventral pancreatectomy (VPx) group; partial pancreatectomy (PPx) group; subtotal pancreatectomy (SPx) group; and a sham-operated group. Postprandial serum insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), pancreatic polypeptide (PP), and somatostatin (SST) levels, as well as food intake, weight, blood glucose, and glucose tolerance were regularly measured for each animal.

RESULTS

S. murinus treated with PPx and SPx suffered from varying degrees of impaired glucose tolerance, but only a small proportion of the SPx group developed diabetes. Only S. murinus in the SPx group showed a significant decrease in food intake accompanied by severe weight loss, as well as a significant increase in postprandial serum GLP-1 levels. Postprandial serum PP levels decreased in both the VPx and PPx groups, but not in the SPx group. Postprandial serum SST levels decreased in both VPx and PPx groups, but the decrease was marginal.

CONCLUSION

Severe weight loss after pancreatectomy may be related to loss of appetite caused by compensatory elevation of GLP-1. PP and GLP-1 may play a role in resisting blood glucose imbalance.
Multidisciplinary management of ulcerative colitis complicated by immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated colitis with life-threatening gastrointestinal hemorrhage: A case report
Authors: Hong Na , Wang Bo , Zhou Hang-Cheng , Wu Zheng-Xiang , Fang Hua-Ying , Song Geng-Qing , Yu Yue
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors are immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) that have demonstrated significant efficacy in treating various advanced malignant tumors. While most patients tolerate treatment well, several adverse drug reactions, such as fatigue, myelosuppression, and ICI-associated colitis, have been reported.

CASE SUMMARY

This case involved a 57-year-old male patient with ulcerative colitis complicated by hepatocarcinoma who underwent treatment with tirelizumab (a PD-1 inhibitor) for six months. The treatment led to repeated life-threatening lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The patient received infliximab, vedolizumab, and other salvage procedures but ultimately required subtotal colectomy due to uncontrollable massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Currently, postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding has stopped, the patient’s stool has turned yellow, and his full blood cell count has returned to normal.

CONCLUSION

This case highlights the necessity of early identification, timely and adequate treatment of ICI-related colitis, and rapid escalation to achieve the goal of improving prognosis.
Ograniczenie praw własności na tle ustawy o ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami
Authors: Wyszomirska Monika
Published: July 2024

Ochrona zabytków, jako jedna z podstawowych wartości gwarantujących zachowanie dziedzictwa kulturowego, znalazła swoje umiejscowienie nie tylko w ustawie o ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami, ale otrzymała również ochronę konstytucyjną (art. 5, art. 6 i art. 73 Konstytucji RP). W związku z tym, że właściciele zabytków stanowią szczególną grupę podmiotów włączonych w proces ochrony zabytków, w niniejszej publikacji autorka przeanalizowała ich pozycję prawną w kontekście korzystania z konstytucyjnego prawa do ochrony własności. Prawa właścicieli zabytków, zagwarantowane w art. 64 Konstytucji, z chwilą wpisania nieruchomości do rejestru lub ewidencji zabytków zostają poważnie ograniczone zarówno w sferze korzystania, jak i rozporządzania rzeczą. Objęcie procesem badawczym tego obszaru zagadnień było niezwykle istotne, co potwierdza również omówiony w artykule wyrok Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z dnia 11 maja 2023 r. (sygn. akt P 12/18), stwierdzający niekonstytucyjność art. 22 ust. 5 pkt 3 ustawy o ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami. Po przeprowadzeniu analizy prawnej autorka, korzystając z zasady proporcjonalności określonej w art. 31 ust. 3 Konstytucji wskazuje, że ochrona zabytków nie musi przeciwstawiać się zasadzie ochrony własności pod warunkiem racjonalnego i proporcjonalnego wyważe nia dóbr przez prawodawcę. Formułując postulaty de lege ferenda autorka proponuje, aby w wyniku interdyscyplinarnego dialogu merytorycznego ponownie przeanalizować ustawę o ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami w celu wyeliminowania przepisów wprowadzających nadmierne i nieproporcjonalne ograniczenia w wykonaniu prawa własności oraz skonstruowania przejrzystych i precyzyjnych regulacji, które posłużą Państwu oraz właścicielom zabytków do sprawnego zarządzania dobrami kultury.
Motywacja strażaków w działalności specjalistycznych grup poszukiwawczo-ratowniczych ochotniczych straży pożarnych
Authors: Luzar Artur , Kosowski Bogdan
Published: July 2024

Artykuł analizuje wybrane aspekty działalności i motywację strażaków ochotników w specjalistycznych grupach poszukiwawczo-ratowniczych (SGPR) w ramach Krajowego Systemu Ratowniczo-Gaśniczego (KSRG) w Polsce. Poprzez analizę literatury, aktów prawnych oraz wyników badań ankietowych, omówiono strukturę KSRG oraz procedury działania podczas poszukiwań osób zaginionych. Badania nad motywacją strażaków ochotników w SGPR wykazały, że głównymi motywami do podjęcia tej służby są chęć dobrowolnego niesienia pomocy innym oraz praca z ludźmi. Współpraca strażaków ochotników z Policją oraz innymi służbami ratowniczymi jest kluczowa dla skutecznego reagowania na sytuacje zagrożenia życia lub zdrowia osób zaginionych.
Zarządzanie profilaktyką bezpieczeństwa w jednostkach oświatowych
Authors: Kobiałka Andrzej
Published: July 2024

Bezpieczeństwo w jednostkach oświatowych podlega nieustannym zmianom. To jedno z najważniejszych obowiązków zarówno dla organów prowadzących, dyrektorów, jak i nauczycieli, zwłaszcza w czasie, gdy pojęcie bezpieczeństwa na stałe wpisuje się w retorykę współczesnych czasów. W natłoku różnych niepokojących zdarzeń, incydentów, aktów przemocy, które mają miejsce na terenie placówek oświatowych, to promowanie profilaktyki na rzecz bezpieczeństwa wydaje się nieuchronne. Aby to zmienić należy ukierunkować oddziaływania na przeformułowanie nowej generacji oddziaływań profilaktycznych ukierunkowanych na bezpieczeństwo. Nawarstwiające się (nowe i ,,stare”) problemy społeczne w zakresie zachowań ryzykownych, problemowych, dewiacyjnych itp. wymagają szczegółowych procedur i wytycznych w celu ich ochrony. Pojawiające się nowe zagrożenia, jak i nowe podejścia do działań profilaktycznych wymagają zmiany formuły programów i realizatorów, którzy obejmują środowisko szkolne, będące największym terytorium działań profilaktycznych. Nie zawsze jednak rzeczywistość szkoły podąża za wyzwaniami współczesnej profilaktyki na rzecz bezpieczeństwa w jednostkach oświatowych. Nieoczekiwane, niekontrolowane zdarzenia przekładają się bowiem bezpośrednio na niskie poczucie bezpieczeństwa w szkołach.
Keselarasan Iman Dan Perbuatan Dalam Teologi Keselamatan Menurut Erastus Sabdono
Authors: Yabes Tang Aldi , Yusuf Setiawan Sudarso Kusumo
Published: July 2024

Keselamatan merupakan pemberian Allah yang bersifat cuma-cuma. Keselamatan demikian berdampak kepada empat hal seperti yang ditegaskan oleh Erastus Sabdono yaitu penebusan, Roh Kudus, Injil, dan penggarapan Allah. Persoalan mendasar yang kerap dibahas di seputar keselamatan yaitu kaitan antara iman dan perbuatan. Manakah yang lebih utama? Atau apakah keduanya dikerjakan bersamaan? Artikel ini membahas tinjauan dasar teologis keselarasan iman dan perbuatan dalam teologi-teologi keselamatan. Karena luasnya area bahasan, peneliti memfokuskan diri pada gagasan Erastus Sabdono. Metode penelitian yang dipakai peneliti untuk menggalinya yaitu studi pustaka terhadap buku dan jurnal serta wawancara langsung kepada Erastus Sabdono. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teologi keselamatan Erastus Sabdono selaras dengan hal yang disampaikan Yakobus 2:14-26.
Enseñanza experimental de la mecánica de fluidos mediante la V de Gowin como estrategia didáctica
Authors: Rojas Rojas Marco Alejandro , Guachún Lucero Freddy Patricio , Rivadeneira Loor Fredy Yunior
Published: July 2024

El estudio de la física es internacional y está presente en todos los currículos de nivel secundario y en una variedad de carreras universitarias. La importancia de esta asignatura radica en que la mayoría de las problemáticas del mundo real pueden ser solucionadas desde la física. Es por ello que se plantea la V de Gowin como estrategia didáctica para la enseñanza experimental de la Mecánica de fluidos en los estudiantes de la carrera de Pedagogía de las Ciencias Experimentales de la Universidad de Cuenca. En la investigación se utilizó una metodología cuasi experimental donde se manipula la variable independiente que es V de Gowin como estrategia educativa y se analiza la variable dependiente que es el rendimiento académico. El estudio tiene un enfoque cuantitativo y se llevó a cabo con un solo grupo experimental al que se le aplicó un pre test, seguidamente se realizó la implementación de la estrategia didáctica y posteriormente se aplicó el post test de conocimientos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran mejoría ante la estrategia didáctica, donde estadísticamente mediante la prueba T de Student se pudo corroborar la efectividad de la propuesta. Además de ver mejoría en el rendimiento académico se pudo apreciar la eficacia de la V de Gowin en el trabajo colaborativo donde los estudiantes compartieron experiencias y mediante la experimentación demostraron principios físicos.
NTEGRATED MOBILE LABORATORY FOR FIELD INVESTIGATIONS AND DAMAGE ASSESSMENT FROM EARTHQUAKES AND OTHER EVENTS (EQ- MOBI-LAB)
Authors:   University ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Institute of earthquake engineering and engineering seismology – IZIIS, Manojlovski Filip , Shoklarovski Antonio ,   University ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Institute of earthquake engineering and engineering seismology – IZIIS, Poposka Angela ,   University ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Institute of earthquake engineering and engineering seismology – IZIIS, Bogdanovic Aleksandra ,   University ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Institute of earthquake engineering and engineering seismology – IZIIS, Bojadjieva Julijana ,   University ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Institute of earthquake engineering and engineering seismology – IZIIS, Edip Kemal ,   University ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Institute of earthquake engineering and engineering seismology – IZIIS, Ivanovski Dejan ,   University ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Institute of earthquake engineering and engineering seismology – IZIIS, Kitanovski Toni ,   University ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Institute of earthquake engineering and engineering seismology – IZIIS
Published: July 2024

Field investigations, testing and monitoring of structures and soil conditions is an imperative for precise decision making. When the time and the access to the location are additional constrain, having a reliable and comprehensive mobile laboratory equipped with state-of-the-art equipment is a huge advantage over conventional field investigations methods. This paper will delve into the key activities and capabilities of the integrated mobile laboratory (EQ-MOBI-LAB) from IZIIS, focusing on its role in conducting field investigations and assessing damage resulting from earthquakes and other incidents.