bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Coal Beds of Generations X, Y, and Z: Syncing, Learning, and Propagating in the Age of the Posthuman
Authors: Govier Eloise
Published: February 2019

In this article I broaden the discussion of posthuman pedagogy by arguing that when humans and Artificial Intelligences (AIs) engage, they are not separate entities but are instead “in-phenomena” (K. Barad, “Posthumanist Performativity: Toward an Understanding of How Matter Comes to Matter,” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 28[3] [2003]: 801–31). I contend that the division between humans and AI is artificial, and dispute the ontological separability of the two entities while they are in-phenomena. Instead, using anthropologist Tim Ingold’s notion of “correspondence-thinking,” I argue that humans and technology “sync up” and enter into “correspondence” (T. Ingold, “On Human Correspondence,” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 23[1] [2017a]: 9–27). By doing so, I contend that the human body enters a different ontological category, which I describe using the neologism “humAIn.” I take inspiration from philosopher and physicist Karen Barad, and using her approach to causality and agency, contend that the ontological gap between human and AI is collapsed during “intra-actions.” Thus, the blood-filled veins of the human body and the blinking light of the metallic body coordinate and operate in unison—they are in sync. To explore the transient state humans enter while syncing with AIs, I outline ethnographic research carried out with the “chatterbot” hosted in my smartphone. While syncing with the device, I consider collaborative learning, a modality that attends to the role of education in wider society, and think through the repercussions of syncing for human–AI civic life. I argue that humAIn entities generate a valuable quasi-synthetic resource—proto-data—and these are the new coal beds of generations X, Y, and Z.
DIAGNÓSTICO DE BEM-ESTAR EM CAMUNDONGOS E RATOS DE BIOTÉRIOS NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ
Authors: Carli Bones Vanessa , Graça Fatori Deguchi Bernardo , Forte Maiolino Molento Carla
Published: February 2019

Os animais de laboratório são amplamente utilizados para contribuir com o desenvolvimento da ciência. Ratos e camundongos estão entre os principais grupos taxonômicos utilizados para tal fim, sendo os animais principalmente provenientes de biotérios de criação. Nestes locais eles são mantidos sob estrito controle ambiental, visando diminuir a variabilidade nos resultados das pesquisas. É importante conhecer o grau de bem-estar desses animais, pois tal fator tem implicações diretas no comportamento ético em relação aos outros seres vivos e também quanto à qualidade dos resultados obtidos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o grau de BEA dos ratos e camundongos em quatro biotérios (A, B, C e D) de instituições de ensino do Estado do Paraná. Os grupos de indicadores sanitários e psicológicos foram considerados severamente comprometidos e o grupo de indicadores comportamentais moderadamente comprometido. O grupo de indicadores nutricionais foi moderadamente satisfatório nos biotérios A, B e D e completamente satisfatório no biotério C. O grupo de indicadores ambientais foi severamente comprometido nos biotérios A e B e moderadamente comprometido nos biotérios C e D. Itens de enriquecimento ambiental não são utilizados e medidas de redução da dor durante a eutanásia não são tomadas em nenhum dos biotérios visitados, sugerindo que a atuação nestes dois pontos deve ser prioritária. Em geral, medidas para a melhoria de BEA nos biotérios do Estado do Paraná são urgentes.
ALTA OCORRÊNCIA DE GOTA CITOPLASMÁTICA DISTAL ALTERA PARÂMETROS RELACIONADOS AO MOVIMENTO ESPERMÁTICO DE REPRODUTORES SUÍNOS
Authors: Gaggini Thais Schwarz , Barbosa Helomar , Beletti Marcelo Emílio , De Rezende Fernanda Marcondes , Antunes Robson Carlos
Published: February 2019

O objetivo da pesquisa foi comparar parâmetros relacionados ao movimento espermático de ejaculados aprovados e reprovados com alta ocorrência de gota citoplasmática distal. Foram selecionadas 169 amostras de morfologia espermática para serem utilizadas no estudo. Destas, 25 foram reprovadas devido à presença de mais de 10% de gota distal e 144 foram aprovadas em todos os parâmetros avaliados. A avaliação da morfologia espermática foi realizada, contabilizando 200 células por amostra, utilizando microscópio com aumento de 100x. Considerou-se aprovado o ejaculado que apresentou, de forma cumulativa, menos de 20% de células anormais, menos de 5% de defeitos de cabeça, acrossoma, colo e peça intermediária e menos de 10% de alterações de cauda e presença de gota proximal e distal. Características da motilidade espermática avaliada pelo sistema computadorizado foram coletadas de todos os ejaculados avaliados no estudo. Ejaculados reprovados devido à alta ocorrência de gota distal apresentaram menor velocidade em linha reta (p=0,04), menor motilidade total (p=0,035) e progressiva (p=0,004) quando comparados a ejaculados aprovados no exame morfológico. Os resultados indicam que a alta ocorrência de gota citoplasmática distal influencia nos parâmetros de movimento espermático de reprodutores suínos.
A HISTÓRIA DA OFTALMOSCOPIA NA CIÊNCIA MÉDICA E VETERINÁRIA
Authors: Freitas Henrique De Moura , Montiani-Ferreira Fabiano , Ferreira Thiago Alegre Coelho
Published: February 2019

O olho tem sido um antigo objeto de curiosidade e estudos, na Babilônia já havia relatos de primitivas investigações sobre a natureza do órgão da visão, assim como no antigo Egito e Grécia. A curiosidade em saber particularmente o que havia atrás da pupila moveu diversos pesquisadores a estudarem diferentes formas de examinar as estruturas oculares internas. Von Helmholtz concebeu então um instrumento que viria a revolucionar a oftalmologia e que ainda possibilitou a descoberta de diversas retinopatias que até então eram desconhecidas: o oftalmoscópio.
MODELOS PARA O ENSINO DO EXAME DA CAVIDADE ORAL EM ROEDORES E COELHOS
Authors: Soares Helena Baggio , Lange Rogério Ribas , Da Cruz Gabriela Lepasky , Da Costa Bruna Natali , Tanji Fernanda Naomi , Stedile Simone Tostes de Oliveira
Published: February 2019

O exame da cavidade oral de roedores e coelhos domésticos é muito importante para o diagnóstico da síndrome do desgaste dentário inadequado, que leva ao hipercrescimento dentário e consequentemente a problemas sistêmicos. A anatomia da cavidade oral não favorece o exame, sendo indicado o uso de otoscópio para a observação dos dentes molares. O objetivo deste estudo foi criar modelos para o ensino da avaliação da cavidade oral de roedores e lagomorfos. Os modelos para avaliação com otoscópio foram confeccionados a partir de crânios de cadáveres éticos, silicone e tecido de pelúcia. Como complemento, foram confeccionados modelos de resina a partir de moldes obtidos de cadáveres e também disponibilizados sincrânios normais e alterados. Foi feita a validação dos modelos com a participação de médicos veterinários que trabalham com o otoscópio como ferramenta para avaliação da cavidade oral. Após a validação de conteúdo pelos experts, o modelo foi apresentado aos estudantes para validação de construto. Participaram do estudo 30 estudantes de medicina veterinária, que após aula teórica sobre odontologia de roedores e lagomorfos e aula prática com os modelos, responderam a um questionário. A maioria dos estudantes (98%) considerou os modelos realistas e a prática didática e citou que os modelos auxiliaram na melhor compreensão da avaliação dentária e no melhor entendimento anatômico dos dentes de roedores e lagomorfos. Com isso, pôde-se perceber que esse tipo de modelo para estudo e treinamento da odontologia de roedores e lagomorfos foi bem aceito pelos estudantes. Pela importância do estudo da odontologia veterinária como especialidade nesse grupo específico de animais, recomendamos que os modelos para exame da cavidade oral sejam introduzidos na rotina das universidades.
PRÁTICAS MATERNAS E USO DE TERAPIAS ALTERNATIVAS NO CUIDADO DA CRIANÇA
Authors: Brondani Karina Jullyana De Melo , Ferrari Rosângela Aparecida Pimenta , Cardelli Alexandrina Aparecida Maciel , Tacla Mauren Teresa Grubisich Mendes , Dalmas José Carlos , Fançoso Flávia Genovesi
Published: February 2019

RESUMO: Objetivo: analisar o cuidado da criança e uso de terapias alternativas pelas mães nos primeiros 42 dias pós-parto. Método: pesquisa quantitativa descritiva transversal realizada em maternidade pública de baixo risco e visita domiciliar aos 42 dias pós-parto, entre julho de 2013 e janeiro de 2014, em Londrina-PR. Utilizou-se o Teste de Exato de Fischer e Qui-Quadrado com intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultado: entre as 357 puérperas, 50,7% com idade ≤24 anos, 69,2% multíparas, 75,4% escolaridade ≥8anos e 49% renda ≥2 salários mínimos. A terapia complementar foi indicada predominantemente por avós, utilizada no banho da criança (97=27,2%), coto umbilical (143=39,9%), conjuntivite (108=81%) e icterícia (56=34,6%). A classe social foi significativa (p=0,005) com a faixa etária, escolaridade, renda e uso de chás. Conclusão: as práticas maternas se mantiveram entre as gerações, algumas indiscriminadamente, sendo necessário que a equipe de saúde previna agravos e promova saúde considerando os aspectos culturais familiares.
PRÁTICA DE EPISIOTOMIA ENTRE RESIDENTES EM ENFERMAGEM OBSTÉTRICA
Authors: Rocha Érica Silva , Mela Camila Casagrande , Westphal Flavia , Goldman Rosely Erlach
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: identificar a frequência e justificativa para a realização da episiotomia em partos assistidos por residentes em enfermagem obstétrica. Método: estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, realizado no período de outubro a novembro de 2016, em uma maternidade pública do município de São Paulo. A população do estudo foi constituída por 884 parturientes de baixo risco. Para análise estatística, utilizou-se o teste Qui-Quadrado. Resultados: a episiotomia ocorreu em 174 (19,7%) partos e em 512 (59%) houve lacerações perineais. A integridade perineal foi mantida em 187 (21,4%) partos. As principais indicações estiveram relacionadas às condições do períneo: 54 (58,1%) por rigidez perineal, 22 (23,7%) períneo curto e 19 (20,4%) eminência de laceração grave. Conclusão: a prática de episiotomia entre residentes está acima do recomendado pela OMS e, com relação às justificativas apresentadas, há discrepância com as mundialmente utilizadas, trazendo reflexões acerca do modelo de formação e do distanciamento entre teoria e prática.
DEMANDAS PSICOLÓGICAS, CONTROLE E APOIO SOCIAL NO TRABALHO DE AGENTES COMUNITÁRIOS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Fernandes Gilmara Aparecida Batista , Coelho Angélica da Conceição Oliveira , Paschoalin Heloisa Campos , Sarquis Leila Maria Mansano , Greco Rosângela Maria
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: identificar as demandas psicológicas, o controle e o apoio social no trabalho dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde. Método: estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 212 trabalhadores da Atenção Primária à Saúde de um município do interior de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram coletados entre julho e outubro de 2015 com Agentes Comunitários de Saúde das Unidades de Atenção Primária de Saúde. A análise foi descritiva com frequências absolutas e relativas. Como variáveis independentes características sociodemográficas e do trabalho, e como variáveis dependentes a escala reduzida Modelo Demanda-Controle e o apoio social no trabalho. Resultados: evidencia-se uma população feminina em fase produtiva da vida, o trabalho passivo e alta exigência tiveram maiores proporções, demonstrando alto risco de desenvolvimento do estresse psicossocial no trabalho. Conclusão: ressalta-se a necessidade de intervenções nas condições de vida e laborais, principalmente no que se refere a aspectos psicossociais e organizacionais.
SENTIMENTOS DE ACADÊMICOS DE ENFERMAGEM NO ESTÁGIO CURRICULAR SOB A ÓTICA DE HEIDEGGER
Authors: Nascimento Márcia Gabriela Gomes , Resck Zélia Marilda Rodrigues , Vilela Sueli De Carvalho
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: compreender os sentimentos dos acadêmicos de Enfermagem durante o Estágio Curricular Obrigatório. Método: pesquisa qualitativa com referencial teórico metodológico da Fenomenologia: descrição, redução e compreensão, e analisada sob a ótica de Heidegger. A coleta de dados ocorreu no segundo semestre de 2016, utilizou-se a técnica de grupo focal com 13 acadêmicos na Escola de Enfermagem de uma Universidade Pública de Minas Gerais. Resultados: emergiram nos depoimentos sentimentos de insegurança, medo, cobrança pessoal, solidão, angústia, alegria, felicidade e tristeza. Conclusão: a maturidade psicológica e algumas características pessoais serão fatores que facilitarão a vivência e compreensão desses sentimentos, favorecendo o crescimento pessoal e profissional. A universidade, conhecendo essas experiências, pode também contribuir com estratégias para amenizá-las, auxiliando na promoção de saúde mental.
Mulheres em campanha: uma análise da distribuição de recursos financeiros nos estados brasileiros e o desempenho eleitoral das mulheres nas eleições de 2014
Authors: Eduardo Maria Cecilia
Published: February 2019

O financiamento de campanha tem sido citado com destaque como um dos fatores do baixo desempenho feminino na conquista de cargos eletivos. O presente artigo busca (i) analisar como se dá a distribuição dos recursos financeiros nos estados brasileiros na campanha eleitoral, para os cargos proporcionais federais, entre mulheres e homens, nas eleições de 2014. E em seguida, pretende (ii) verificar se há uma relação entre os recursos financeiros declarados e o desempenho das/os candidatas/os. Constatou-se que na grande maioria dos estados a distribuição dos recursos esteve concentrada nos candidatos homens. Além disso, verificou-se que nos estados em que as receitas das mulheres foram maiores ou mais próximas às dos homens, o desempenho eleitoral delas foi melhor do que o de seus pares masculinos.
A reinvenção de si no mundo da rua: Trajetos e narrativas de quem nela vive
Authors: Nobre Maria Teresa , Barreira Irlys Alencar Firmo
Published: February 2019

O artigo descreve e analisa modos de vida de pessoas que vivem nas ruas, tomando como referência etnográfica duas histórias registradas em Fortaleza e Lisboa, das quais nos aproximamos fazendo uso da observação participante e da observação itinerante. As narrativas sobre a vida no mundo da rua apontam a multiplicidade, a diversidade e a provisoriedade como marcas sobre as quais se assentam a vida de nômades urbanos contemporâneos. As muitas maneiras de viver o cotidiano, observadas neste estudo, apontam a reinvenção de si e do mundo da rua através da criação de novos territórios materiais e existenciais. Reinvenção que ultrapassa a fronteira exclusiva da carência e imagem da vitimização ou da culpabilização como polos em torno dos quais se assentam as representações sobre pessoas em situação de rua e sem abrigo, nas duas cidades pesquisadas.
Limiares e fronteiras de uma cidade que ainda vive
Authors: Batista Lázaro , Baptista Luis Antonio Dos Santos
Published: February 2019

O artigo discorre sobre as articulações entre subjetividade e experiência urbana à luz das categorias de limiar e fronteira de Walter Benjamin. Enquanto a fronteira designa uma linha que tem por princípio de funcionamento conter e manter algo, evitando seu transbordamento e definindo limites, o conceito de limiar se inscreve noutro registro que se notabilizaria por permitir que se transite, com considerável facilidade, de um lugar a outro diferente e, por vezes, mesmo oposto. Ainda que também separe dois territórios, diferente da fronteira, o limiar permite transitar por entre eles. Dessas categorias são ressaltados os sentidos peculiares de tempo e de espaço produzidos pela história, assim como os desafios políticos ensejados por elas para a problematização das práticas de poder sobre a alteridade no capitalismo contemporâneo. Como conclusões, a modulação entre fronteiras e limiares no espaço urbano nos serve de indicativo para afirmar que, latejante por meio dos seus poros, mediante as passagens que a faz respirar, a cidade ainda vive.
Agonística em tempos de empreendedorismo de si: Desassossegos no trabalho com a política pública de assistência social
Authors: Gama Bruno Cerqueira , Neves Claudia Abbês Baêta
Published: February 2019

Este artigo problematiza a política pública de assistência social brasileira através da reflexão conceitual sobre o governo da vida pautado numa lógica neoliberal. Para tanto, utilizando-se de uma breve narrativa confeccionada entre lembranças e esquecimentos que permearam experiências de trabalho e pesquisa nesta política entre 2011 e 2017, questões sobre o empreendedorismo de si mesmo aparecem como um norte cada vez mais presente na execução dessa política. Partindo destas reflexões e dos questionamentos éticos sobre que vida desejamos viver e o que estamos a fazer nós mesmos, indagamos: como e por que continuar a operar políticas públicas na nossa atualidade? As narrativas, utilizadas como recurso metodológico deste ensaio teórico-reflexivo, nos auxiliam a problematizar o entretecer de fazeres nesta encruzilhada ética a partir da qual, por fim, aposta-se na invenção do caráter público como fundamental na atuação profissional no Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS).
Delegitimizing a Witness: Composition and Revision in Joshua 22
Authors: Yoo Philip Y.
Published: February 2019

In Joshua 22, after the Transjordanian tribes fulfill their obligations they construct an altar by the River Jordan. In response, the Cisjordanian tribes assemble to wage war, yet a civil war is averted when they learn that this altar serves no sacrificial purpose. This article argues that Joshua 22 is the product of a base layer, an account of the Transjordanian tribes erecting an altar by the River Jordan, and a supplemental layer that revises and reshapes the cultic function of this altar.
Further Studies on the Microbial Content (Endomicrobiology, Endobacteriology) of Fruit and Vegetable Crops: the Study Continues!
Authors: Edelman Jack R. , Lin Yue J.
Published: February 2019

Previous studies in our lab over the past several years on fruits and vegetables have identified various species of microorganisms, primarily bacteria, that appear to be endemic to the inner flesh/pulp of many crops. While consumption of these fruits and vegetables usually do not cause disease to the public in general, there may be a greater risk to immunocompromised individuals, especially upon consumption of crops that are eaten raw/uncooked or only slightly cooked. In this study, we examined various fruits, herbs, and vegetables that we had not previously examined for the presence of such microorganisms, and many/most of the crops we examined did indeed contain endemic microorganisms in their inner flesh/pulp. Our findings are herewith reported.
AVALIAÇÃO PRELIMINAR DO USO DE TORTA DE MAMONANO MANEJO DA HÉRNIA DAS CRUCÍFERAS EM COUVE-FLOR
Authors: Antônio dos Santos Carlos , Soares Diniz Caio , de Oliveira Lima Jéssica , da Silva de Souza Oliveira Lucas , Moura Brasil do Amaral Sobrinho Nelson , Goréte Ferreira do Carmo Margarida
Published: February 2019

The production of cauliflower and other brassicas has been impacted worldwide due to the occurrence of the disease clubroot,caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae (Wor.). Therefore, it is necessary to search for disease management strategies that may contribute to reducing the losses caused. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects ofdoses of castor bean cake(CK) on the severityof the disease and on the growth of cauliflower plants. Two experiments were carried out in a greenhouse where, in tubes and pots, respectively. In the first one, the effects of CK doses (0, 10, 20 and 40 Mg ha-1) on the disease incidence and dry mass of the aerial part of plants (DMAP) were evaluated.In the second, theeffects of thedoses of CK (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 Mg ha-1) on disease severity, root attributes and biomass accumulation in plants were evaluated. Significant differences were observed in incidence, which decreased, and DMAP, that increased,as a function of doses. There were decreases in the severity of the disease and increasesin the growth of healthy roots. In addition, positive effects on plant height, number of leaves and dry mass of leaves, stemsand roots were observed. It is concluded that the use of castor bean cake was promising and further studies should be performed under field conditions and with longer cycle times
DESEMPENHO DACULTURA DASOJA EM SISTEMAAGROFLORESTAL COM EUCALIPTO
Authors: Antonio Balbinot Junior Alvadi , Cezar Franchini Julio , Debiasi Henrique , Sichieri Fernando
Published: February 2019

Agroforestry system with eucalyptus and soybean crop is an option for soil use under sandy soilsand warm climates. The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of the soybean crop associated to simple rows of eucalyptus maculata in the Northwest region of Paraná, Brazil. The experiment was establishedin October 2009; since then, eucalyptus maculata interrows has been yearly grown with a double crop ofsoybean(summer) andU. ruziziensis(winter). The soybean performancewas evaluated in the 2015/16 cropping season, attwo eucalyptus row spacings, 14 and 28 m. Acontiguous, treelessarea, grown yearly with soybean (summer)/U. ruziziensis(winter) double crop, was used as a control. The soybean growth and shoot nitrogen accumulationat full bloomingwere reduced as a function of eucalyptus interference, in a greater intensity at 14-m eucalyptus row spacing. Soybean yield reductions caused by eucalyptus trees were65and 44% in relation to the control, at 14 and 28-m row spacings, respectively. The contents of nitrogen in soybean shoots, and protein and oil in soybean grains, were not altered by the interference of the trees
GLIFOSATO E MANGANÊS NA CONCENTRAÇÃO DE NUTRIENTES FOLIAR E CARACTERÍSTICAS AGRONÔMICAS DA SOJA
Authors: Perozini Alexandre , Lazarini Edson , Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho Marcelo , Shintate Galindo Fernando
Published: February 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of glyphosate and manganese (Mn) application at developmental stages in the nutrition and agronomic characteristics of soybean crop, in the municipality of Selvíria-MS, Brazil, in the 2012/13 harvest, using the soybean variety BRS Valiosa RR in an Oxisol, with a clayey texture. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications in a 6x2 factorial scheme, being: Six glyphosate application rates (0 ga.i. ha-1, application of 720 g a.i. ha-1in V3 stage, 1440 g a.i. ha-1V3, 720+720 g a.i. ha-1V3 and V7, 1440 g a.i. ha-1in V7, and application of 720+1440 g a.i. ha-1V3 and V7;with or withoutMn application ( 0 g ha-1and 350 g ha-1) in V5 stage. Foliar applicationsof Mn and glyphosate did not influencedthe leaf concentrations of macro and micronutrients in soybean. Glyphosate at doses of 720+1440 g a.i. ha-1, applied in stages V3 and V7, associated with foliar fertilization with 350 g ha-1Mnin the V5 stage, reduces the first pod height, but increases the number grain per pod. Soybean yield was reducedwith glyphosate application at a dose of 720+1440 g ai ha-1in V3 and V7 stages, regardless of Mn leaf application.
QUALIDADE DE SEMENTES DE MILHETO PARA A COMERCIALIZAÇÃO NO ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Araujo Cavalcante Jerffeson , Miotto Ternus Ricardo
Published: February 2019

Millet is one of the main grasses used for summer cultivation, however, one of the problemsinvolving pasture formation in Brazil is the variation in the quality of the seeds of commercial forage species, and this has compromised the establishment of pastures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical and physiological characteristics of millet seeds commercialized in different regions of the State of Santa Catarina, in the 2014/2015 harvest. Seventeen lots of millet seeds of BRS 1501 from different commercial establishments and regions (Far West, West, Midwest, North and South) ofthe State of Santa Catarina were used. The physical and physiological quality of seed lots was evaluated. The germination of the analyzed lots, independently of the region, was in accordance with the current legal standards. Only the lots from the West region presented values below the legal standard of 95% for physical purity, but not differing from the others. No differences between the lots collected by region were verified for the vigor evaluations. However, it was observed that the lots presented highgermination and low emergence, being characterized a problem in the establishment of pastures in the field.
Scopoletin and Morin Inhibit Lactate Dehydrogenase Enzyme Activity, Which Is Critical for Cancer Metabolism
Authors: Mazlaghaninia Melika , Atri Maliheh Sadat , Seyedalipour Bagher
Published: February 2019

Background: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a tetrameric enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate to L-lactate. The importance of this enzyme is because LDH isoenzymes are involved in cancer, heart, and liver diseases. Inhibition of this enzyme can help prevent and treat different diseases. Morin is a flavonoid found in the Moraceae family and scopoletin is a coumarin found in Scopolia genus. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of morin and scopoletin as two natural products on the activity and structure of lactate dehydrogenase enzyme. Methods: Morin and scopoletin were examined for inhibition of the activity of LDH in 100 mM sodium phosphate buffer pH 7.5, at room temperature using UV-V spectrophotometry. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to characterize protein structural changes in the presence of morin and scopoletin. Results: Km and Vmax of LDH for pyruvate were 11.69 mM and 1.258 mM/min, respectively. The kinetic results showed that morin and scopoletin are LDH inhibitors. The Ki values of morin and scopoletin were determined as 1.78 µM and 0.8 µM, respectively, using a secondary plot. Fluorescence intensity quenching and red shift of the maximum wavelength of emission in a concentrationdependent manner showed that morin and scopoletin bind to LDH and affect its structure. Conclusions: The results suggest that morin and scopoletin bind to LDH, influence its conformation and inhibit its activity. Scopoletin showed more effective inhibition of LDH activity and it can be a promising candidate in the field of tumor metabolism inhibitors.
Pain, Injury, Mortality: Police Confront Critical Incidents
Authors: Werling Robert , Pereira Amanda , Morris Gregory , Randol Blake
Published: February 2019

Previous research has shown that the law enforcement occupation is a dangerous profession that has the highest violent victimization rate in the United States (Fridell, Faggiani, Taylor, Brito, & Kubu, 2009). This descriptive study aims to add to the growing body of literature on victimization of police officers by answering the central research question: What are the characteristics of victimization incidents of on-duty law enforcement officers? Specific demographics of interest include; sex of the officer, method of harm used against the officer, incident location, and responding call type. A content analysis was performed on news articles reporting incidents of on-duty law enforcement fatalities and injuries (n=50), in which characters gathered from the articles were recoded to numbers for quantitative analysis. Analysis of data suggests that male officers are more likely to be victimized while on-duty. Gunfire is the method of harm most likely used to victimize officers. A roadway is the location where an incident of victimization will most likely occur, during other types of calls beyond warrant services, traffic stops, domestic disturbances, and suspicious persons. This research can lead to future more detailed research and causal analysis.
Detainees in Police Custody in Yorkshire, United Kingdom: A Survey of the Common Mental Health Problems
Authors: Oluboku Jibowu
Published: February 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify and study the common mental health problems presented by detainees in police custody as well their demographic characteristics. This would help to create awareness and sensitise health care practitioners working in custody, as well as custody staff towards early recognition and detection of cases, which should facilitate the health promotion and psycho social education of detainees and reduce the overall clinical risk in custody.
Design/Methodology: The 'anonymised custody records' of a random sample of two hundred and fifty eight detainees in police custody as well as the Forensic Medical practitioners contemporaneous notes including 'direct clinical interviews 'were examined. Data was collected from the Risk assessment record completed by the custody officers and record of medical assessment by forensic Medical Examiners using a 'Standard Questionnaire format ‘. Data then was analysed.
Findings: Detainees admitted into custody experienced a wide range of mental health problems.The most common mental health problems seen in detainees during the period of study were, substance misuse, depression, self-harm, anxiety disorder, epilepsy and schizophrenia in that order. Other conditions were identified such as Learning disabilities. The sex distribution was Male (83%) and Female (17%). In terms of age distribution most of the detainees were in the age range 20-41 (67.5%) for both sexes. The female detainees tend to be older compared to males.Heroin use was the most prevalent drug of abuse in custody. Some of the most common medications prescribed for detainees are Methadone, Mirtazapine, Citalopram, Diazepam, Sorbutex, sodium valproate and Thiamine.
Originality/Value: The findings from this study would help to further identify and bring awareness to the common mental health problems encountered in detainees in police custody. It would help to reduce clinical risks and facilitate a safer detention in custody. It would also help to address the issue of the limited availability of data regarding the mental health of detainees.
Dwelling over drains: outcomes of patients following inguinal lymph node dissection in penile cancer
Authors: Kowal Mikolaj
Published: February 2019

No abstract
Sinteza, karakterizacija i ispitivanje antioksidativne aktivnosti estarskih i amidnih derivata 2,6-dimetil-4-supstituisane-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilne kiseline
Authors: Mijatović Tamara , Perić Milica , Matović Luka , Ristović Marija , Drmanić Saša
Published: February 2019

U ovom radu je izvršena sinteza šest estarskih derivata 2,6 dimetil-4-supstituisane-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilne kiseline: dietil-2,6-dimetil-4-fenil-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5 dikarboksilata, dietil-2,6-dimetil-4-(3’-nitrofenil)-1,4 dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata, dietil-2,6-dimetil-4-(4’ nitrofenil)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata, dietil-4-(2’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata, dietil-4-(3’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata i dietil-4-(4’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata. Dobijena jedinjenja su zatim korišćena kao polazna za sintezu sledećih amida: 2,6-dimetil-4-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida, 2,6-dimetil-4-(3’-nitrofenil)-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida, 2,6-dimetil-4-(4’-nitrofenil)-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida, 4-(2’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida, 4-(3’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida i 4-(4’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida. Amidni derivati 2,6-dimetil-4-supstituisane-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilne kiseline su sintetisani u cilju utvrđivanja uticaja tipa i položaja supstituenta u molekulu na antioksidativnu aktivnost. Iz ove serije, najnižu vrednost IC50, tj. najbolju antioksidativnu aktivnost je pokazao 4-(2’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamid, dok su zanemarljive vrednosti pokazali 2,6-dimetil-4-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamid i 2,6-dimetil-4-(3’-nitrofenil)-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamid. Ispitivanje antioksidativne aktivnosti je izvršeno merenjem sposobnosti jedinjenja da hvataju slobodne radikale primenom metode inhibicije pomoću DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikril-hidrazil) radikala. Sintetisana jedinjenja su okarakterisana temperaturom topljenja, elementalnom analizom i FT-IR spektroskopijom.
The phylogenetic origin and evolution of acellular bone in teleost fishes: insights into osteocyte function in bone metabolism
Authors: Davesne Donald , Meunier François J. , Schmitt Armin D. , Friedman Matt , Otero Olga , Benson Roger B. J.
Published: February 2019

Vertebrate bone is composed of three main cell types: osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes, the latter being by far the most numerous. Osteocytes are thought to play a fundamental role in bone physiology and homeostasis, however they are entirely absent in most extant species of teleosts, a group that comprises the vast majority of bony ‘fishes’, and approximately half of vertebrates. Understanding how this acellular (anosteocytic) bone appeared and was maintained in such an important vertebrate group has important implications for our understanding of the function and evolution of osteocytes. Nevertheless, although it is clear that cellular bone is ancestral for teleosts, it has not been clear in which specific subgroup the osteocytes were lost. This review aims at clarifying the phylogenetic distribution of cellular and acellular bone in teleosts, to identify its precise origin, reversals to cellularity, and their implications. We surveyed the bone type for more than 600 fossil and extant ray-finned fish species and optimised the results on recent large-scale molecular phylogenetic trees, estimating ancestral states. We find that acellular bone is a probable synapomorphy of Euteleostei, a group uniting approximately two-thirds of teleost species. We also confirm homoplasy in these traits: acellular bone occurs in some non-euteleosts (although rarely), and cellular bone was reacquired several times independently within euteleosts, in salmons and relatives, tunas and the opah (Lampris sp.). The occurrence of peculiar ecological (e.g. anadromous migration) and physiological (e.g. red-muscle endothermy) strategies in these lineages might explain the reacquisition of osteocytes. Our review supports that the main contribution of osteocytes in teleost bone is to mineral homeostasis (via osteocytic osteolysis) and not to strain detection or bone remodelling, helping to clarify their role in bone physiology.
Distinct gene expression and secondary metabolite profiles for suboptimal mycorrhizal colonization in wild-type and the jasmonic acid deficient spr2 tomato mutant
Authors: Casarrubias-Castillo Kena , Montero-Vargas Josaphat M , Dabdoub-González Nicole , Winkler Robert , Martinez-Gallardo Norma A , Aviles-Arnaut Hamlet , Délano-Frier John P
Published: February 2019

A previous study with spr2 mutant tomato plants which are negatively affected in the synthesis of jasmonic acid (JA), suggested that JA regulates the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization via the control of carbon (C) partitioning. Although this and other studies have suggested the important positive role played by JA in the regulation of AMF root colonization in tomato plants, it is currently unclear how different host plant genetic backgrounds affect gene expression and secondary metabolites variation during JA-dependent mycorrhization. In this study, wild type and spr2 mutant tomato plants having “low”, “medium” and “high” mycorrhizal colonization with Rhizophagus irregularis, were analyzed independently using transcriptomic and untargeted metabolomic approaches. The results obtained revealed that the degree of mycorrhizal colonization efficiency could be associated with contrasting expression levels of certain key genes controlling gibberellin signaling, ethylene biosynthesis and signaling, and synthesis of apocarotenoids, phenylpropanoids and tomatine, in roots. Only a few wound responsive genes, including JA signaling and biosynthesis genes, such as Prosystemin and JAZ2 were found to influence AMF colonization. Conversely, a systemic and JA-dependent induction/ repression of genes different from those altered in roots was detected in leaves of mycorrhizal plants. The most significant changes in metabolite abundance were detected in roots with reduced AMF colonization. Included among the latter were metabolites known to be associated with important aspects of AMF symbiosis, such as signaling, nutrient exchange and modulation of pathogen defense response. Αlpha-tomatine levels appeared to be an important factor, whose abundance negatively correlated wit h AMF colonization levels in tomato, suggesting a regulatory role for JA in the synthesis of this metabolite during the AMF symbiosis.
SELF-PRESERVATION, AS SPINOZA’S PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW
Authors: Bernard Ingrid C
Published: February 2019

This article explicates Spinoza’s terms of self-preservation1 as his philosophical view in his book “Ethics”2 (published in 1677), written in a geometrical method. Generally, self-preservation refers to attention on the needs or desires of an individual self. The term self-preservation is often used simply to denote the attitude of caring about one’s own good. It is a view that human beings are always motivated by self-preservation, which is a necessity view of life. Spinoza has a broader view of the term. He identified self-preservation as the ultimate aim and proper motive of morality. His philosophical view of self-preservation is a more enlightened self-preservation, which shows that acting for one's own self-preservation can also serve others. Spinoza emphasized that the concepts of good, virtue, into perfection, have a ground in every human being, whilst evil is a condition in which virtue in ordinary people is still in its early unfoldment. Ordinary individuals tend not to undergo rigorous life and therefore they become preys for their passive emotions. According to Spinoza: evil actions are the result of ignorance. Therefore, he emphasized that individuals good potentials must be developed. The higher the individual understanding is, the more the individual has the power to propel himself from within, to enlighten himself, but also to help and bring happiness to others. He argued that an individual’s goodness will inspire others to achieve contenment. The difference of self-preservation term with other philosophical views of it can be observed through his propositions in his “Ethics”. Spinoza’s understanding of the importance of self-preservation, by improving one’s rational ability, is an exclusive view in his era, and can still be an inspiration to individuals today.
REDEFINING LIBRARY ORGANIZATION CULTURES
Authors: Lawanda Ike Iswary
Published: February 2019

It is about behavior through the implementation of ICT in a university library that comes up with the issue of redefining library organization culture. The program and project in a university library emerge the inspiration to overview librarian cultures as a study of microcospic within the macrocospic perspective. The resistance on ICT of university librarians is an important topic as it makes resistance significant to the meaning of ICT in library for librarians; and the implementation of ICT to the librarians build up and preserve the individuals and the members of library as a community. The objective is to explain the dynamic of librarians in a complex organization that have been abruptly urged by ICT implementation. The methodology of the research focused on 60 librarians observed and interviewed within participant-observation method. The finding is that the symbolic behavior, as a form of resistance of the staff and librarian to the implementation of ICT in university library, does not only mean to aim the domination. It means significantly as bonding of the relations between staff and librarians. The bonds strengthen the spirit of all to reach the goal of the library.
PANTHAY AND ROHINGYA: DEALING WITH CITIZENTSHIP IN MYANMAR
Authors: Resminingayu Dewi Hermawati
Published: February 2019

Neither ethnic and religious background nor historical root could likely explain the fact that most Panthay have been granted Burmese citizenship while the Rohingya have not. Both groups are not adhering to the majority‟s religion nor belong to the major ethnic groups. Also, their ancestors were not considered native nor settled in Myanmar before British colonization. This fact triggers question of how these similarities resulted in different outcomes. Therefore, this paper attempts to explain this issue of citizenship by looking at resistance shown by Rohingya and Panthay. This paper argues that different forms of resistance contribute to the denial of Rohingya citizenship but inclusion of the Panthay.
AMARTYA SEN’S VIEW: AGAINST THE ‘QUIET TOLERANCE’
Authors: Bernard Ingrid
Published: February 2019

When a local old tradition in a particular community has ingrained the culture of the community, eventhough it is not in accordance anymore with current development, the tradition keeps on conditioning the community to accept the tradition as it is. Societies who have long-established in old tradition concerning cultural norm are often conditioned on several habits that lead to injustice to women. Knowledge and understanding of the issue have raised many interesting and sharp debate within the community of women activists. The impact of the injustice in treating women, as community members, has made activists do some efforts to eradicate the injustice way of thinking. However, in general, it is difficult to change the way of thinking conditioned by old tradition that liveS for generations, and it appears in the form of refusal that can lead to a real inequity in treating women within those societies.
LOCAL WISDOM-BASED STRATEGY OF TRANSFERRING KNOWLEDGEAMONG EDUCATORS AT EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION PROGRAMS IN SRENGSENG SAWAH SUB-DISTRICT, JAGAKARSA DISTRICT, SOUTH JAKARTA
Authors: Laksmi Laksmi , Wijayanti Luki , Fauziah Kiki
Published: February 2019

In every educational institution, knowledge is regarded as the principal asset to achieve its goals. Educators are thus required to improve and broaden their knowledge through the transfer of knowledge and information. This paper seeks to answer the following research questions: 1) how knowledge transfer is constructed, through the SECI process, based on local wisdom by educators at Early Childhood Education Programs (PAUD) in Srengseng Sawah Sub-District, Jagakarsa District, South Jakarta? 2) what kinds of local wisdom do they apply? The aim of this research is to identify the social construction that takes place in the process of local wisdom-based knowledge transfer among educators. By applying a qualitative approach and a case study method, this research found that the educators, all of whom are women, construct education based on collective consciousness of their role as mothers and their common predicament working as PAUD educators. Their role as mothers teaches them how to deal with children (as role models and motivators). Being aware of their similar condition—PAUD educators have not been given equal status as educators at formal kindergartens—they take the initiative to build a social relationship based on egalitarian values (trust and respect among each other), as well as cosmopolitan values (openness, honesty, and orientation towards information and technology). Egalitarian and cosmopolitan values are part of the Betawi culture. The significance of this research is to raise a cultural understanding of the process of local wisdom-based knowledge transfer.
“THE EMPRESS IS BACK ON THE STAGE“ : WOMAN LEADERSHIP IN MINANGKABAU FOLKLORE
Authors: Elfira Mina
Published: February 2019

This paper aims to do a critical analysis on power and gender constructions from selected Minangkabau folklore which has been transcribed into Minangkabau manuscripts: Kaba Cinduo Mato, Kaba Anggun nan Tongga, Kaba Malin Deman, Kaba Malin Kundang and Kaba Sabai nan Aluih. The main argument of this paper is that Minangkabau folklore strongly presents matrifocality. As a result, these kabas represent woman leadership either in private or public areas. The analysis is conducted within the frame of literary sociology, and feminist literary criticism. Based on the analysis, it can be said that to some extent, representations of woman leadership in the texts have competed against patriarchal conventional assumptions on gender.
THE CHANGING SCENE OF THE NIGERIAN STAGE
Authors: Anyanwu Chukwuma
Published: February 2019

The world has witnessed phenomenal changes, even development, in the last few decades. What with the internet and the social media with their attendant plethora of opportunities for both positive and negative minded individuals, corporate bodies, institutions and even governments, to bring their reaches within their grasp! Theatre practice in Nigeria has not been left out. However, unlike other areas of the profession, the live stage has not fared so well. Where the others have progressed, the living stage has retrogressed to the point that there appears to be a shift from the production of stage plays to other forms of performance, notably, the one man comic genre which makes appearance on the live stage on occasion, but which is otherwise, a product of the cinematic genre. This paper takes a retrospective historical glance at the reasons for this shift in order to proffer suggestions for a revival, if possible, of the conventional stage production of plays. The writer is of the view that all the stake holders in the industry among whom are governments at all levels, culture ministries and parastatals; academics and professional theatre practitioners, are all liable and as such, should contribute towards a revival because the main of the theatre revolves on collectivism rather than individualism towards which the profession is presently tilting in the name of stand-up comedy. The paper concludes on the note that though stand-up comedy is a theatrical form, it lacks that aura and spirit on which a nation’s cultural and theatrical pride traditionally depend and by which a nation is recognized universally and accepted.
RETENTION STRATEGIES OF YOUQ TE WAYANG IN MANDALAY, MYANMAR: A REGIONAL CULTURE STUDY
Authors: Purwaningsih Purwaningsih
Published: February 2019

This paper aims to find out the retention strategies of youq te wayang in Mandalay, Myanmar. Cultural theory and regional studies as well as a structural-functional design developed by Talcott Parsons are applied in this research. Structural-Functional Theory considers that life of society is a system. The system can be changed according to circumstances. This theory used to see through the change of art of youq te wayang as a system towards equilibrium. This is a qualitative descriptive research with literature review method and internet media observation. Result of this research indicates that the State’s role as a main actor in the process of youq te wayang retention by performing a youq te wayang performance at Pagoda festival, thus people can see that religion function still exist today. State developes the structure by organizing performances. The second actor is Mandalay Marionettes Theater Company, which is able to keep the inheritance system of youq te wayang maintained. In addition, the Mandalay Marionettes Theater Company did some changes and innovations in the performance system of youq te wayang such as performance duration, stage decoration, aspect of story, language and management system.