bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential diagnosis of chronic tonsillitis in frequently ill children
Authors: Preobrazhenskaya Yu. S. , Drozdova M. V. , Ryazantsev S. V.
Published: November 2020

Chronic tonsillitis is one of the most common pathologies of the lymphoepithelial pharyngeal ring. The main pathogen in chronic tonsillitis and its complications is group a β-hemolytic Streptococcus A (BGSA). This pathogen is detected in 30–60% of patients. At the present stage, the role of latent viral infections (Epstein – Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV)) in the formation of chronic tonsillitis in children has been proven. Treatment of frequently ill children with pathology of the pharyngeal lymphoid ring remains an urgent and widely discussed issue. Depending on the etiology and clinical form of chronic tonsillitis (simple, toxicallergic form (TAF I or II), the choice is between conservative methods and radical surgical treatment. Surgical treatment of chronic tonsillitis in children is recommended only if there are absolute indications. To standard methods of conservative treatment, such as sanation of lacunae of the tonsils with antiseptic solutions, the appointment of physiotherapy, funds for the correction of systemic and local immunity are actively used. In Pediatrics, the safe and optimal complex of effects of the herbal medicinal product Tonsilgon N is widely used. Based on the analysis of clinical observations of frequently ill children with chronic tonsillitis, the effectiveness of the herbal medicine Tonsilgon H (in monotherapy mode) was revealed. As a result, the expediency of using the drug Tonsilgon H in the treatment of compensated forms of chronic tonsillitis in frequently and long-term ill children was established. There was a significant decrease in the frequency of acute respiratory infections and, consequently, the risk of transition to a decompensated form of chronic tonsillitis.
O AGRICULTOR FAMILIAR DIANTE DA LEGISLAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: REFLEXÕES À LUZ DO ‘DIREITO À DIGNIDADE’
Authors: Pereira Marlene De Paula
Published: November 2020

Este trabalho teve por objetivo refletir a respeito da vulnerabilidade dos agricultores familiares na esfera judicial, especificamente no que se refere aos conflitos em face da legislação ambiental, e os reflexos disso na efetivação concreta do princípio da dignidade humana.  A principal metodologia adotada foi a análise de processos e boletins de ocorrência relativos às questões ambientais. Os principais resultados apontam que a maior dificuldade enfrentada pelos agricultores familiares é a de acesso, seja à informação ou aos mecanismos legais de defesa, e, que isto reflete diretamente na efetividade do princípio da Dignidade Humana, consagrado pela legislação brasileira.
PROPUESTAS DE RESISTENCIAS Y ‘RE-EXISTENCIAS’ DESDE LA AMAZONÍA ECUATORIANA: EL CASO DEL PUEBLO ORIGINARIO KICHWA DE SARAYAKU Y LAS LUCHAS ANTIEXTRACTIVAS
Authors: Teixeira Juliane Rodrigues
Published: November 2020

El artículo examina las acciones de resistencias y ‘re-existencias’ propuestas desde la Amazonía ecuatoriana, destacando otras narrativas, epistemologías, ontologías y prácticas de algunos actores que luchan contra el modelo hegemónico extractivista y proponen alternativas, como los pueblos y nacionalidades indígenas de Ecuador. De esta forma, a través del examen al caso del Pueblo de Originario Kichwa de Sarayaku, ubicado en la Amazonía ecuatoriana y sus luchas de resistencia contra las transnacionales petroleras y el Estado ecuatoriano, y ‘re-existencias’ por medio de propuestas como el Sumak Kawsay, el ‘buen vivir’, y el Kawsak Sacha, la ‘selva viviente’, se evidencian las alternativas construidas a partir de otras racionalidades, asociadas a sus sistemas propios de vida. La metodología utilizada es de carácter cualitativo, a partir de la revisión bibliográfica de fuentes primarias y secundarias provenientes de diferentes ámbitos de las Ciencias Sociales.
HISTORIA DE AMÉRICA LATINA EN LA POLÍTICA AMBIENTAL MUNDIAL. DE ESTOCOLMO 1972 A RÍO DE JANEIRO 2012
Authors: Estenssoro Fernando
Published: November 2020

Este artigo é uma análise histórica dos quarenta anos de participação da América Latina e do Caribe (AMLC) no debate ambiental global, ou seja, todo o debate que ocorre no âmbito da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) e seus apelos aos países do mundo destinados a superar a crise ambiental global. Esse período vai da Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre o Estado do Ambiente Humano, em Estocolmo, 1972, até a Cúpula das Nações Unidas sobre Desenvolvimento Sustentável, no Rio de Janeiro de 2012. Durante esse período, cinco grandes momentos são esquematicamente propostos que permitem a reunião de e levantar quais foram as principais idéias da AMLC no debate ambiental e como elas foram geradas e expressas.
FORMAÇÃO, CURRÍCULO DISCURSO POLÍTICO
Authors: Da Silva Renan Antônio , De Souza Minayo Maria Cecília , Demo Pedro
Published: November 2020

Neste artigo apresenta-se uma discussão sobre currículos e programas em educação profissional em que se consideram aspectos culturais, educação formal e não formal. Trata de questões suscitadas em sala de aula, ao longo do desenvolvimento de uma disciplina sobre Currículos e Programas, ministrada em um programa de pós-graduação profissional. O objetivo deste artigo foi o de discutir os diferentes entendimentos e avanços anunciados para as questões curriculares com base na concepção das políticas atuais da educação brasileira, quanto à formação técnica e tecnológica; e analisar propostas de projetos transversais em práticas de extensão, que apresentam características da educação não formal. A metodologia, de abordagem qualitativa, trata da descrição de projetos desenvolvidos em diferentes unidades de ensino (UEs), de uma instituição pública de educação técnica e tecnológica de São Paulo, a partir de um estudo sobre práticas de extensão. Como resultado, apresenta-se uma discussão sobre uma prática de responsabilidade social e educação não formal no currículo de ensino superior tecnológico.
Solução Educacional para o Ensino Médio? Análise da política de Ensino Médio Integral no Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Souza Juliana Rodrigues de Oliveira , Araújo Flavia Monteiro de Barros
Published: November 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo debater a dimensão curricular da política educacional denominada Solução Educacional para o Ensino Médio (SEEM), formulada em 2013, no âmbito da parceria institucional estabelecida entre a Secretaria de Estado de Educação do Rio de Janeiro (SEEDUC/RJ) e o Instituto Ayrton Senna (IAS). O estudo, de caráter qualitativo, recorre à análise documental e examina os marcos legais e documentos oficiais que orientam o desenvolvimento da política pela SEEDUC/RJ e pelo IAS. Tomando como categorias a relação entre o público e o privado na educação, investiga-se o conceito de educação integral da mencionada política que tem como princípios basilares: o protagonismo juvenil, o desenvolvimento de competências cognitivas e socioemocionais para o Século XXI e aflexibilização e integração curricular. A pesquisa busca não perder de vista os aspectos reformistas envolvidos nesse processo de privatização da educação básica que se desenha a partir da parceria entre o poder público, o terceiro setor e a iniciativa privada, assim como as similaridades da política estudada para com o desenho curricular do ensino médio integral proposto pela reforma do ensino médio (Lei n. 13.415/2017).
The Methodology of Contemporary Gender Interpretation: A Study of Qirā’ah Mubādalah
Authors: Anggoro Taufan
Published: November 2020

The various interpretive products that have been offered by previous feminist figures are not followed by an interpretation methodology for gender equality topics. In response to this, qirā’ah mubādalah, an interpretation meth­o­do­logy of ‘made in Indonesia’products which are specifically related to gender and women's issues emerged. To explore more deeply, this study focuses on two things, namely how the interpretation methodology is adopted in the mubādalah and how the position of the qirā’ah mubādalah is among the ideas or thoughts of previous feminist figures. Through the descriptive-analytical method, this study seeks to decipher the mubādalah in terms of the methodology of interpretation. The hermeneutical analysis is used to study the extent to which operational forms of hermeneutics appear in the mubādalah. The result first, methodologically the mubādalah shows the existence of operational forms of hermeneutics, with more emphasis on efforts to explore context and con­tex­tualization. Second, compared to previous feminist thinkers, the methodology of interpreting the qirā’ah mubā­dalah is more soft, systematic and applicable in its application. Besides, qirā’ah mubādalah is also classified as a progressive interpretation, which is essentially based on the concept of monotheism and the reciprocal method.
The Narrative of Women in Prison: The Parenting Practices and the Concepts of Mother in Incarcerated Women
Authors: Saida Ulya , Poerwandani Elizabeth Kristi
Published: November 2020

This article discusses the experiences of incar­cerated women regarding parenting practice in prisons and the concept of motherhood. With the narration of eight women who were pregnant or breastfeeding and serving their sentences at the Pondok Bambu Detention Center in East Jakarta, the researcher presented different viewpoints of women by listening to their stories even though they had committed criminal acts. This research uses a qualitative approach to gender per­spec­tive. The researchers did field observations during the data collection process. Parenting practices carried out in prison was not done without obstacles. There are obstacles in terms of knowledge as a mother, economic, and emotional side experienced by incarcerated women. These obstacles influence the concept of thinking of im­prisoned women regarding social construction to be a good mother. They always try to look decent to be able to nurse their children with their conditions in prison. Some of them said the presence of their children in detention is like a new spirit in their life.
Esterification of 2-(4-(4-Hydroxy-3, 5-Iiodophenoxy)-3, 5-Diiodophenyl) Acetic Acid (Tetrac)
Authors: Bridoux Alexandre , Mousa Shaker A.
Published: November 2020

Tetrac, a deaminated derivative of the thyroid hormome, has received some broad interest for
its ability to inhibit the spread of new blood vessels, i.e., angiogenesis. For an optimum activity, the action
of the dug shall be limited at the cell surface for interaction with the integrin alpha v beta 3. This
was shown to be achieved via a nanoparticle formulation that would be grafted to Tetrac phenol’s OH.
While the principle of this study has been disclosed elsewhere, the broad results have never been disclosed
entirely. Here all outcomes of the synthesis strategy, e.g., protection and activation steps, confirmed
Triisopropylsillyl as a protective group of choice to access the nanoparticle. Catalyst assisted
esterification has been probed and discussed. Then the HPLC-MS study allowed to clarify reaction conditions
that could subsequently yield to the desired activated Tetrac moiety. The reaction products were
all characterized by 1H and 13C-NMR.
COVID-19 and Comorbidities: Is Inflammation the Underlying Condition in Children? A Narrative Review
Authors: Pinna Giulia , Sanfilippo Lavinia , Bassareo Pier Paolo , Fanos Vassilios , Marcialis Maria Antonietta
Published: November 2020

This paper examines the potential link between COVID-19 and the presence of comorbidities
and assesses the role of inflammation in this correlation. In COVID-19 patients, the most
frequently associated diseases share a pathogenic inflammatory basis and apparently act as a risk
factor in the onset of a more severe form of the disease, particularly in adulthood. However, in children,
the understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms is often complicated by the
milder symptoms presented. A series of theories have, therefore, been put forward with a view of
providing a better understanding of the role played by inflammation in this dramatic setting. All
evidence available to date on this topic is discussed in this review.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Systemic Sclerosis Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: da Silva Sérgio Oliveira , da Paz Adriane Souza , Farias Isla Miranda Vidal Cavalcante , Moreira Damille Sandes , Ribeiro Marianna Alegro Fontes , Alves Tatiana Senna Galvão Nonato , Lemos Antônio Carlos Moreira , Santiago Mittermayer Barreto
Published: November 2020

Introduction:

We performed a systematic review of the literature to determine the value
of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in evaluating the pulmonary involvement of systemic sclerosis
(SSc).

Methods:

Articles published between 1980 and 2019 were retrieved from the databases: PubMed
and Scielo. The search was restricted to clinical trials published in English, utilizing the keywords
“scleroderma, systemic sclerosis, interstitial lung disease, and bronchoalveolar lavage”.

Results:

Twenty-two papers were analyzed. A positive correlation was observed between increased
BAL cellularity (alveolitis) and worsening clinical symptoms, pulmonary function, and radiological
pattern in 2, 11, and 15 studies, respectively. The majority of BAL studies that evaluated interleukin
levels, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-7, and IL-8, observed higher levels in patients with impaired
pulmonary function and increased lung involvement.

Conclusions:

Alveolitis and the increase of some cytokines/chemokines in BAL were related to
more severe pulmonary disease in SSc in the majority of the studies and seemed to be markers of
worse prognosis, but it is unknown whether BAL adds clinical value to the use of the other non-invasive
diagnostic procedures.
Common Comorbidities that Alter Heart Failure Prognosis - Shaping New Thinking for Practice
Authors: Iyngkaran Pupalan , Thomas Merlin , Horowitz John D , Komesaroff Paul , Jelinek Michael , Hare David L
Published: November 2020

At least half of all heart failure (CHF) patients will have a comorbidity that could be undertreated,
requires additional speciality input and/or polypharmacy. These patients are then at risk
of iatrogenic and disease-related complications and readmissions if not closely supervised. Common
comorbidities of relevance are cardiorenal and cardiometabolic syndromes (DM, obesity, OSA),
chronic airways disease, elderly age, and accompanying pharmacotherapies. The structure of
community practice often leaves primary, speciality, and allied health care in silos. For example,
cardiology speciality training in Australia creates excellent sub-specialists to deliver diagnostic and
therapeutic advances. A casualty of this process has been the gradual alienation of general cardiology
toward general internal medical specialists and primary care practitioners. The consequences
are largely noticed in community practice. The issue is compounded by suboptimal communication
of information. This review explores these issues from a cardiology sub-speciality lens; firstly
cross speciality areas that are important for cardiologists to maintain their skill, and finally, to obtain
a brief overview of disease management and identify game-changing common denominators
such as endothelial dysfunction and self-management.
Peripheral Anti-nociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Oleanolic Acid in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Salman Israa , Fakhoury Marc , Fouani Malak , Lawand Nada
Published: November 2020

Background:

Oleanolic acid (OA) is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid with
multifarious actions. The anti-inflammatory effect it exerts when taken orally is the most
important; however, the underpinning mechanisms of such effects have not yet been fully explored.

Methods:

In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effect of
OA by injecting it directly into the knee joint using an animal model of osteoarthritis. Behavioral
and electrophysiological studies were conducted to determine whether OA exerts a direct modulatory
effect on primary sensory afferents that can lead to a decrease in pain-related behaviors and inflammatory
responses. Rats were divided into two main groups: a pre- and a post-treatment group.
Knee joint inflammation was induced by injecting a mixture of 3% kaolin and carrageenan (K/C).
In the pre-treatment group, two different doses of OA [5 mg/ml (n=5) and 30 mg/ml (n=4); 0.1 ml
per injection] were administered into the synovial cavity of the knee joint before induction of inflammation.
In the post-treatment group, rats received only one dose [5 mg/ml (n=5)] of OA after
induction of inflammation.

Results:

Results indicate that intra-articular injection of OA improves motor coordination and attenuates
nociceptive behavior and inflammatory reactions. More importantly, we observed a direct depolarizing
action of OA on articular sensory fibers, a crucial mechanism that activates descending
inhibitory pathways and controls incoming nociceptive signals to the spinal cord.

Conclusion:

Overall, our findings suggest that OA can be used as a preventive and therapeutic approach
for the management of osteoarthritis.
Prevalence of Color Vision Deficiency among Dental Practitioners and its Effect on Shade Matching Ability
Authors: Suliman Abdulhaq , Al-Abdali Tholfikar , Taslimi Mohammed , Abdo Ahmad
Published: November 2020

Objective:

Shade selection is a crucial step in achieving aesthetically-pleasing restorations, and it is affected by the dentist’s ability to match the shade of the patient’s teeth. Color Deficiency Disease (CVD) has been thought to be a potential factor affecting color perception. The study aims to find the prevalence of CVD between dentists and dental students and to evaluate its effect on shade matching ability.

Methods:

A sample of 319 dentists and dental students in the College of Dentistry at Ajman University, Ajman, UAE was examined with the Ishihara test to find the prevalence of CVD. Then participants with CVD were tested for shade matching ability, and were compared to participants with normal color vision with the same gender and qualification level. They were asked to match 10 random composite samples with different shades to a custom shade guide made from the same composite material. A score was calculated, representing the number of correct answers they achieved.

Results:

The results showed that 8 out of 143 males (5.6%) had CVD, and 0 out of 176 females had CVD. There was no significant difference in the score of shade matching test between participants with CVD and participants with normal color vision (p=0.075).

Conclusion:

Males showed a higher prevalence of color vision deficiency than females. CVD had no significant effect on shade matching ability.
Study of gauge gravity duality using flow equation
Authors: Yokoyama Shuichi
Published: November 2020

There are four elementary forces of nature that describe every interaction in nature: gravity, electromagnetism, the strong force and the weak force. Of these, gravity is the most commonly known and the one that we are most familiar with, but it is still one of the most difficult to
explain. Dr Shuichi Yokoyama, from the Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics at Kyoto University in Japan, has spent his career studying quantum gravity. Yokoyama is working with a team of researchers, including Dr Tetsuya Onogi and Dr Sinya Aoki, focusing on tackling the problems surrounding
our current understanding of gravity by employing modern techniques of theoretical physics, including quantum information and string theory.
Quantum phases and quantum excitations in spin systems
Authors: Tanaka Hidekazu
Published: November 2020

Professor Hidekazu Tanaka is based at the Department of Physics at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan, where he is collaborating with a team of researchers to investigate magnetic quantum phenomena focusing on quantum phase transitions. Tanaka and his team have set about creating
something they call a 'quantum magnetic excitation', which is essentially an elementary excitation that can be used on a quantum scale to explain how the quantum effect and multiple spins interact with one another. Their ultimate aim is to discover novel magnetic phenomena that occur at these
scales and elucidate the mechanisms involved.
United as one: the global R&D community's response to COVID-19
Authors: Sharp Lucy
Published: November 2020

COVID-19 is having a tangible and far-reaching impact on many sectors and industries, including R&D. How is the international research community responding? An unprecedented catastrophe requires unprecedented measures, and this is what is being seen in the scientific community,
with researchers from across the globe pooling their expertise and openly sharing their data. We explore the R&D industry's response to the global pandemic.
Method of Gravitational Wave Search Based on Adaptive Time-Frequency Analysis and Machine Learning
Authors: Takahashi Hirotaka
Published: November 2020

In simple terms, gravitational waves are ripples in space-time caused by energetic processes in the Universe, such as the movement of mass. One of the exciting things about them is that they can be used to observe systems that are basically impossible to detect using other means. These
ripples were predicted by Albert Einstein almost a century ago, but it wasn't until 2016 that scientists announced, for the first time, the detection of gravitational waves. The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) is the physics experiment responsible for this detection
and it has since continued to make a significant impact in the field. LIGO collaborates closely with the Virgo interferometer; a large interferometer designed to detect gravitational waves, and the Japanese Gravitational Wave Detector in Kamioka Mine (KAGRA), the Large Scale Cryogenic Gravitational
Wave Telescope; a project of the gravitational wave studies group led by the Institute for Cosmic Ray Research of The University of Tokyo. But there still remain many unknowns, such as challenges related to the data analysis of gravitational waves. Professor Hirotaka Takahashi is carrying
out research on gravitational waves that is attempting to address these challenges by developing algorithms that can dramatically increase the speed and efficiency of gravitational wave searches, which he believes are currently insufficient. Takahashi is a member of the KAGRA collaboration,
which, as of March 2020, consists of more than 390 researchers from 90 institutions in 14 countries and regions.
Obtención de un extracto rico en carotenoides con capacidad antioxidante a escala de banco a partir de residuos agroindustriales del tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum)
Authors: Urbina Walter Ramiro , Fernández Danae , Iraizoz Antonio
Published: November 2020

Los carotenoides son los compuestos químicos con mayor presencia en las cáscaras del tomate, son pigmentos naturales con capacidad antioxidante, estos se extraen utilizando solventes orgánicos como el etanol. En esta investigación se realizó una extracción de carotenoides utilizando etanol con una relación material vegetal/volumen de disolvente de 1/70 en los volúmenes de 0,5 L, 3 L y 5 L. Los extractos se caracterizaron físico químicamente y se compararon las medias obtenidas de cada ensayo para un nivel de significancia del 95% obteniendo para la escala de banco un extracto con un índice de refracción de 1,36, viscosidad cinemática de 2,09 cSt.s-1, concentración de licopenos de
0,51 mg.L-1 y una eficiencia del proceso de extracción de 34,34 mg.k-1, no presentando diferencias significativas con las escalas de laboratorio (0,5 L y 3 L). Los valores de porcentaje de humedad y pH a la escala de banco fueron de 99,90% y 5,69 respectivamente, presentando diferencias significativas ente las tres escalas. Se microencapsuló mediante secado por aspersión el extracto obtenido a escala de banco con los polímeros maltodextrina y goma arábiga obteniendo un 99,39% de eficiencia de microencapsulación, mediante espectroscopía infrarrojo fue corroborado la presencia de carotenoides dentro de las microcápsulas. Se obtuvieron microcápsulas con un porcentaje de inhibición de DPPH del 21,72% equivalente a una concentración de Trolox de 142,72 µmol.L-1.
Vaping-Related Mobile Apps Available in the Google Play Store After the Apple Ban: Content Review (Preprint)
Authors: Meacham Meredith C , Vogel Erin A , Thrul Johannes
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

In response to health concerns about vaping devices (eg, youth nicotine use, lung injury), Apple removed 181 previously approved vaping-related apps from the App Store in November 2019. This policy change may lessen youth exposure to content that glamorizes vaping; however, it may also block important sources of information and vaping device control for adults seeking to use vaping devices safely.

OBJECTIVE

Understanding the types of nicotine and cannabis vaping–related apps still available in the competing Google Play Store can shed light on how digital apps may reflect information available to consumers.

METHODS

In December 2019, we searched the Google Play Store for vaping-related apps using the keywords "vape" and "vaping" and reviewed the first 100 apps presented in the results. We reviewed app titles, descriptions, screenshots, and metadata to categorize the intended substance (nicotine or cannabis/tetrahydrocannabinol) and the app’s purpose. The most installed apps in each purpose category were downloaded and evaluated for quality and usability with the Mobile App Rating Scale.

RESULTS

Of the first 100 apps, 79 were related to vaping. Of these 79 apps, 43 (54%) were specific to nicotine, 3 (4%) were specific to cannabis, 1 (1%) was intended for either, and for the remaining 31 (39%), the intended substance was unclear. The most common purposes of the apps were making do-it-yourself e-liquids (28/79, 35%) or coils (25/79, 32%), games/entertainment (19/79, 24%), social networking (16/79, 20%), and shopping for vaping products (15/79, 19%). Of the 79 apps, at least 4 apps (5%) paired with vaping devices to control temperature or dose settings, 8 apps (10%) claimed to help people quit smoking using vaping, and 2 apps (3%) had the goal of helping people quit vaping.

CONCLUSIONS

The majority of vaping-related apps in the Google Play Store had features either to help users continue vaping, such as information for modifying devices, or to maintain interest in vaping. Few apps were for controlling device settings or assisting with quitting smoking or vaping. Assuming that these Google Play Store apps were similar in content to the Apple App Store apps that were removed, it appears that Apple’s ban would have a minimal effect on people who vape with the intention of quitting smoking or who are seeking information about safer vaping via mobile apps.
Shaping Blended Care: Adapting an Instrument to Support Therapists in Using eMental Health (Preprint)
Authors: Kip Hanneke , Wentzel Jobke , Kelders Saskia M
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Although eMental health interventions, especially when delivered in a blended way, have great potential to improve the quality and efficiency of mental health care, their use in practice lags behind expectations. The Fit for Blended Care (FfBC) instrument was developed to support therapists and clients in shaping blended care in a way that optimally fits their needs. However, this existing version cannot be directly applied to specific branches of mental health care as it is too broad and generic.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study is to adapt the existing FfBC instrument to fit a specific, complex setting—forensic mental health care—by means of participatory development with therapists.

METHODS

The participatory process was divided into 4 phases and was executed by a project team consisting of 1 manager, 3-5 therapists, and 1 researcher. In phase 1, general requirements for the adaptation of the existing instrument were discussed in 2 focus groups with the project team. In phase 2, patient-related factors that influence the use of an existing web-based intervention were elicited through semistructured interviews with all 18 therapists working at an outpatient clinic. In phase 3, multiple focus groups with the project teams were held to create the first version of the adapted FfBC instrument. In phase 4, a digital prototype of the instrument was used with 8 patients, and the experiences of the 4 therapists were discussed in a focus group.

RESULTS

In phase 1, it became clear that the therapists’ main requirement was to develop a much shorter instrument with a few items, in which the content was specifically tailored to the characteristics of forensic psychiatric outpatients. The interviews showed a broad range of patient-related factors, of which 5 were used in the instrument: motivation for blended treatment; writing about thoughts, feelings, and behavior; conscientiousness; psychosocial problems; and social support. In addition, a part of the instrument was focused on the practical necessary preconditions that patients should fill by themselves before the treatment was developed. The use of the web-based prototype of the instrument in treatment resulted in overall positive experiences with the content; however, therapists indicated that the items should be formulated in a more patient-centered way to encourage their involvement in discussing the factors.

CONCLUSIONS

The participatory, iterative process of this study resulted in an adapted version of the FfBC instrument that fits the specific forensic context and supports shared decision making. In general, the adaptiveness of the instrument is important: its content and implementation should fit the type of care, the organization, and eHealth intervention. To adapt the instrument to other contexts, the guidelines described in this paper can be followed.
The Emirates Oncology Task Force Clinical Practice Guideline on Screening for SARS-CoV-2 in Asymptomatic Adult Cancer Patients Prior to Anti-Cancer Therapy (Preprint)
Authors: Al-Shamsi Humaid , Abu-Gheida Ibrahim , Hassan Amr , Azribi Fathi , Jaafar Hassan , Abdel Razek Aly , Al Khatib Falah , Hammad Tirmazy Syed , ElKhoury Maroun , Doufan Tarik , Abdul Jabbar Dima , Khaled Ahmed Yasin , Khan Faraz , Rana Shabeeha , McManus Martine , AbdelSamad Ahmed , Maarraoui Aladdin , Darr Huma , Afrit Mehdi , Oner Muharram , Alrawi Sadir , Madi Tamer , Zuluaga Julieta , Al Awadhi Aydah , Alhazzani Waleed
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Cancer care during this pandemic is challenging given the competing risks of death from cancer versus death or serious complications from SARS- CoV-2 infection, and the likely higher lethality of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients. Question remains on serial screening for SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic adult cancer patients prior to anti-cancer therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

Formulate a consensus guideline statement to guide practicing physicians

METHODS

We conducted a systematic review to formulate a consensus statement to guide the practising oncologists

RESULTS

Most of the current guidelines recommend RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 testing of asymptomatic patients prior to initiating and during the anti-cancer therapy despite the lack of robust evidence.
We suggested the following: If screening is indicated in adult cancer patients, we recommend using RT-PCR over serum antibody or serum antigen for adult cancer patients; we also recommend assessing the risk of exposure to and infection from SARS-CoV-2 prior to each anti-cancer cycle, to consider SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic adult cancer patients prior to anti-cancer therapy in high risk groups : highly cytotoxic chemotherapy with potential profound neutropenia based on the physician’s risk assessment of the chemotherapy , stem cell transplantation. For asymptomatic intermediate-high risk cancer patients, we suggest performing RT-PCR 48-72 hours prior to initiating any anti-cancer therapy. For asymptomatic low-risk cancer patients, we suggest not to routinely screen prior to initiating any anti-cancer therapy (weak recommendation, low quality evidence).

CONCLUSIONS

SARS-CoV-2 screening might be indicated with higher certainty to certain cancer risk groups. There remains a need for prospective trials to assess this intervention, and the outcome of such intervention. Current recommendations may change based on new and emerging evidence.
Mobile Health Apps for Pregnant Women: Systematic Search, Evaluation, and Analysis of Features (Preprint)
Authors: Frid Gabriela , Bogaert Kelly , Chen Katherine T
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Many pregnant women use the internet to obtain information about pregnancy and childbirth. Over 50% of pregnant women use pregnancy apps and must search through thousands of pregnancy or women’s health–related apps available on app stores. The COVID-19 pandemic is changing how women receive prenatal care. Mobile health apps may help maintain women’s satisfaction with their prenatal care.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective is to identify pregnancy mobile apps and to evaluate the apps using a modified APPLICATIONS (app comprehensiveness, price, privacy, literature used, in-app purchases, connectivity, advertisements, text search field, images/videos, other special features, navigation ease, subjective presentation) scoring system.

METHODS

A list of pregnancy apps was identified in the first 20 Google search results using the search term “pregnancy app.” After excluding irrelevant, inaccurate, malfunctioning, or no longer available apps, all unique apps were downloaded and evaluated with the modified APPLICATIONS scoring system, which includes both objective and subjective criteria and evaluation of special features.

RESULTS

A list of 57 unique pregnancy apps was generated. After 28 apps were excluded, the remaining 29 apps were evaluated, with a mean score of 9.4 points out of a maximum of 16. The highest scoring app scored 15 points. Over 60% (18/29) of apps did not have comprehensive information for every stage of pregnancy or did not contain all four desired components of pregnancy apps: health promotion/patient education, communication, health tracking, and notifications and reminders. Only 24% (7/29) of apps included a text search field, and only 28% (8/29) of apps cited literature.

CONCLUSIONS

Our search yielded many high-scoring apps, but few contained all desired components and features. This list of identified and rated apps can lessen the burden on pregnant women and providers to find available apps on their own. Although health care providers should continue to vet apps before recommending them to patients, these findings also highlight that a Google search is a successful way for patients and providers to find useful and comprehensive pregnancy apps.
Kasus-kontrol kejadian antraks di kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya
Authors: Ringgi Marseni Banne , Wahyuni Agnesia Endang Tri Hastuti , Budiharta Setyawan
Published: November 2020

Problems of natural, technical and social nature are factors that explain the existence of anthrax in the District of Southwest Sumba (DSS).
Understanding Derrida’s “Structure, Sign, and Play”
Authors: A. Almabrouk Najah
Published: November 2020

Deconstruction, a philosophical post-structural theory derived mainly from the work of the French philosopher Jacques Derrida, has evoked a great controversial debate over the past few decades. Promoting a sophisticated philosophical view of literary criticism, deconstruction has always been a complicated topic to comprehend especially for students and novice researchers in the field of literary criticism. This article review paper attempts to present an explanation of the main notions of the theory by reviewing one of Derrida’s most influencing articles on critical theory: “Structure, Sign, and Play in the Discourse of the Human Sciences”. The article which marked the birth of post-structuralism theory, was first delivered in 1966 at John Hopkins International Colloquium on “The Language of Criticism and the Sciences of Man”. This seminal work of Derrida criticizes structuralism for the great importance given to centralism and binary oppositions for the sake of accessing meaning. It can be claimed that the article sums up his ideas on deconstruction which in fact attacks all notions of center, totality and origin. Deconstruction is perceived as a method of breaking down and analyzing text in an attempt to approach some new interpretations which might be totally different from any other previous ones.
Structural and Parametrical Synthesis of Coordinating Devices for HF and VHF Antennas
Authors: Verba B. P. , Shishakov K. V.
Published: November 2020

Системно рассматриваются основные подходы к проведению структурно-параметрического синтеза согласующих устройств с учетом специфики входных сопротивлений конкретных КВ- и УКВ-антенн. Синтез структур и выбор параметров преимущественно выполняются с использованием комплексной диаграммы Смита. Для общего случая обсуждается неоднозначность получаемых результатов и влияние на них выбираемых основных и дополнительных критериев эффективности.Варианты структур согласования синтезируются преимущественно на реактивных элементах, но в общем случае могут также включать резистивные и трансформирующие элементы. Обсуждаются варианты структур для антенн как в резонансных режимах (при отсутствии входного реактивного сопротивления), так и в нерезонансных режимах (с комплексными входными сопротивлениями). Выделены области предпочтительного использования рассмотренных структур. Показана специфика и дополнительные возможности структурно-параметрического синтеза вариантов согласования УКВ-антенн на низших частотах СВЧ. Дополнительно методами расчета электрических схем проведен структурно-параметрический синтез контуров согласования с анализом их частотных свойств.Рассмотренная методика структурно-параметрического синтеза и полученные результаты предназначены для прикладных разработок узкополосных согласующих устройств и настраиваемых тюнеров для широкополосного согласования соответствующих КВ- и УКВ-антенн.
A Versatile Experimental Setup for the Acoustic Research
Authors: Zlobin D. V. , Volkova L. V. , Bogdan O. P. , Zemskov T. I. , Kazantsev S. V.
Published: November 2020

Проведение большого числа различных исследований в области акустического контроля обусловило необходимость разработки экспериментального оборудования, способного при небольших затратах обеспечить требуемый спектр характеристик (работа в широком частотном диапазоне, использование преобразователей различных типов и т. п.). В статье описана конструкция универсального акустического измерительного (экспериментального) стенда, предназначенного для решения спектра задач, связанных с разработкой оригинальных методик акустического неразрушающего контроля. Установка построена на широко доступных компонентах, возможна ее простая модернизация.Приведены примеры методик контроля различных объектов, в том числе и протяженных, разработанные с ее помощью в разных частотных диапазонах и с использованием разных типов акустических волн. В частности, универсальная установка для проведения акустических исследований использована при оценке влияния коррозии и КРН на скорость рэлеевской волны. Измерения проводились в рамках исследования возможности оценки состояния металла магистральных трубопроводов по изменению скорости рэлеевских волн. Результаты исследований показали отклонение скорости рэлеевской волны не более чем на 100 м/с от эталонного значения при максимальной погрешности ее измерения не более 0,7 %.
Approbation оf the Method for Stiffness Parameters Identification of Spatial Structures on Experimental Stands
Authors: Belostotsky A. M. , Novikov P. I. , Bakh A. A. , Krasnikov A. A.
Published: November 2020

Разработанная математически формализованная методика идентификации параметров жесткости математических (конечно-элементных) моделей пространственных конструкций апробирована на двух стендовых физических моделях «Конструктор» и «Этажерка». Особенностью стенда «Конструктор» является чувствительность частот и форм собственных колебаний значимой части спектра к вносимому намеренному повреждению, особенностью стенда «Этажерка» – бо́льшая индифферентность значимой части спектра к вносимым повреждениям. Выполнена идентификация параметров жесткости и дефектов различных состояний стендов. Показал практическую эффективность предложенный алгоритм выделения приоритетных компонент минимизации, обеспечивающий корректную идентификацию в условиях значимого, «контрастного» изменения значимой части спектра и значительно повышающий вычислительную эффективность эквивалентной задачи минимизации. Для детального исследования резонансных характеристик использован метод стоячих волн в оцифрованном варианте. Получены корректные результаты апробации для стенда «Конструктор». Для стенда «Этажерка» влияние погрешностей приводит к ошибкам локализации дефекта по высоте (уровню) повреждаемой «колонны», преодоление которых в рамках предложенной методики возможно за счет повышения точности компонент векторов форм или исследования более высоких общесистемных частот / форм собственных колебаний. В целом, результаты апробации показывают, что подход применим для исследования пространственных расчетных схем и может быть востребован, в том числе, как составная часть информационно-аналитико-математических моделей цифровых двойников (digital twins) в составе современных систем динамического мониторинга.
Factors for Developing Risk Management System in the Process of BIM-technologies Implementation in Construction Organizations of Udmurt Republic
Authors: Privalova M. A. , Korepanova N. S. , Kuznetsov A. L. , Simchenko I. V.
Published: November 2020

Сегодня процессу цифровой модернизации подвержены многие отрасли, в том числе и строительная, для которой особенно остро стоит задача внедрения инновационных цифровых технологий. Цифровое моделирование зданий и сооружений (далее BIM или BIM-технологии) является сейчас неотъемлемой частью и инструментом проектирования, управления и эксплуатации проектов строительства. Риск внедрения данной технологии можно охарактеризовать как инновационный, представляющий собой вероятность убытка в процессе внедрения инновационных технологии. Такие риски означают неопределенность эффективности результата внедрения системы управления проектами на основе BIM-технологий и влияют на стоимость, продолжительность и качество выполняемых работ. Для получения эффективного результата от внедрения BIM-технологий необходимо применять системный подход к их внедрению. Авторами предлагается рассмотреть и идентифицировать основные факторы риска, сопровождающие процесс внедрения данных технологий для формирования эффективной методики внедрения. Целью данной работы является выявление предпосылок для разработки системы управления рисками, возникающими при внедрении BIM-технологий в строительное проектирование и деятельность строительных и проектных организаций Удмуртской Республики. Методологической базой исследования является научная литература и данные экспертного опроса, проводимого в рамках исследования проблем, препятствующих внедрению BIM-технологий в деятельность проектных и строительных организаций Удмуртской Республики, статистические и опросные данные ведущих исследовательских организаций.
Hardiness training for HIV-infected women
Authors: Savchenko G. N. , Koltsova O. V.
Published: November 2020

Aim objective is to study the relationship between the viability of HIV-infected women and their psychological state, lifelong orientations, and coping strategies for developing psychological intervention.

Materials and methods. The study participants were patients of the St. Petersburg Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS. The questionnaire includes the socio-demographic characteristics of women. «Resilience Test» S. Muddy, test «Meaningful Life Orientations» (SJO) D. A. Leont’ev, Stress Management Strategies (SACS) Questionnaire C. Hobfall, the SSD-12 scale evaluates the psychological stress associated with somatic symptoms. The Impact of Event Scale is designed to measure speciﬁc human responses to stressors, where a common scale measures the degree to which a response to HIV infection is a traumatic event.

Results. The average age of women who participated in the training is 38.9 years. 48,1% (13/27) have higher education. 37% (10/27) have No children. 48,1% (13/27) of women are single (do not have a permanent sexual partner). 33,3% (9/27) of the participants were diagnosed with HIV infection less than a year ago. The training included a complex of three classes. Participants gathered once a week from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. The group was open. Those who completed a set of three classes were asked to ﬁll out a feedback form. The indicators of the «Resilience» test at a high level of statistical signiﬁcance are positively associated with the indicators of the LSS «General Intelligence», «Goals in Life», «Life Process», «Life Efficiency», «Locus of Control-I», «Locus of Control-Life». The severity of the perception of the diagnosis of HIV infection as a traumatic event has a two-way connection with psychological tension (at the cognitive, affective and behavioral levels), a negative connection with the meaning of life orientations and the need to ﬁnd the «source» of the meaning of life at the moment. The traumatic effect of HIV infection is associated with aggressive behavior, difficulties in the meaningfulness of what is happening, with a loss of vigilance and self-conﬁdence.
Medical and social features of patients with HIV-infection in combination with syphilis
Authors: Khryanin A. A. , Spyx T. A. , Russkikh M. V. , Sukharev F. A. , Marinkin I. O.
Published: November 2020

Aim: to conduct analysis of morbidity with different forms of syphilis in Novosibirsk for the period from 2014 to 2018 and to study medical and social features of patients with syphilis and HIV-infection and to identify the main way of infection.

Materials and methods. In order to study the structure of syphilis morbidity in Novosibirsk Clinical Regional Dermatovenerologic Dispensary (SBHI NR NCRDD), the retrospective study of 2175 case histories of patients who had being hospitalized during the period of 2014 to 2018 was conducted.

Results and discussions. 3.4% of patients being hospitalized suffer from syphilis. Herewith, newly diagnosed HIV-infection was found in 21.3% of patients. Half the patients are of socially disadvantaged backgrounds characterized by risky sexual behavior. Authors presented medical and social, and psychological proﬁle of patients with syphilis and HIV-coinfection. Obtained results may be used for developing effective programs of prophylaxis and treatment of speciﬁed diseases.
Interés superior del niño: revisión de su origen, evolución y tendencias interpretativas actuales en Chile
Authors: Vargas Morales Ricardo Alberto
Published: November 2020

El presente artículo contiene una descripción y una revisión de carácter documental acerca de los orígenes normativos internacionales del principio de interés superior del niño y de su recepción legislativa en el ordenamiento jurídico chileno. Además, ofrece un análisis del tratamiento jurisprudencial del mismo y la revisión de las principales corrientes o tendencias interpretativas doctrinarias extranjeras sobre dicha cláusula indeterminada, describiendo los diversos criterios de objetividad o racionalidad como forma de superación de la indeterminación que el mismo puede llegar a generar. De esta forma se observa un tratamiento carente de uniformidad en los tribunales que conocen de estas materias, situación suscitada por problemas interpretativos.