bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROPOSTA DE UM ROTEIRO PARA AVALIAÇÃO DAS PRÁTICAS DE GOVERNANÇA CORPORATIVA BASEADA NO IBGC
Authors: Caligioni Rosemary Rocha , Do Lago Attadia Galli Lesley Carina , De Freitas Maria Gabriela , Prates Glaucia Aparecida , Arroyo Cristiane Sonia
Published: February 2023

Conceituada como o conjunto de valores, princípios e mecanismos de gestão, a governança corporativa rege o sistema de poder da organização, promovendo transparência na gestão, reduzindo conflitos de agência e assimetria das informações e podem ser implantadas em qualquer tipo de organização, de capital aberto ou fechado. Criado em 1995 e reconhecido como difusor das melhores práticas de governança e na conscientização de líderes, o IBGC elaborou documentos que possam auxiliar as organizações na implantação das boas práticas de governança corporativa. Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal realizar um mapeamento sistemático dos documentos elaborados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Governança Corporativa (IBGC), e propor um roteiro para avaliação das práticas de governança em empresas familiares. Foi realizada uma pesquisa teórica e descritiva através de revisões bibliográficas e análise documental institucionais do IBGC.  Como resultado foi possível apresentar uma proposta de um roteiro para Avaliação dos aspectos de Governança Corporativa com base nos quatro princípios do Código das Melhores Práticas de Governança Corporativa.
CORRELAÇÃO DA FOTODEGRADAÇÃO DE COMPOSTOS DE ABS POR ENSAIOS DE ENVELHECIMENTO À EXPOSIÇÃO NATURAL E AO UV-B
Authors: Bosquetti Péricles
Published: February 2023

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a fotodegradação de compostos do terpolímero poli(acrilonitrila-butadieno-estireno), ABS, utilizado em eletrodomésticos. Foram desenvolvidos e estudados três compostos de ABS, que foram formulados com diferentes tipos e quantidades de estabilizante anti-UV tipo “HALS”, pigmentos e aditivos. As amostram foram submetidas ao envelhecimento acelerado de QUV-B e à exposição natural. Para comparação do desempenho do material, as amostras envelhecidas foram analisadas pela variação de cor Db e DE no sistema CIELab. Os resultados mostraram que cada técnica utilizada fornece uma resposta característica em função do método de envelhecimento utilizado, sendo possível correlacionar os resultados e estimar a vida útil do material, através das reações de degradação que causam o amarelecimento da superfície.
ACEITAÇÃO DE TECNOLOGIA E A UTILIZAÇÃO DO MOBILE BANKING
Authors: Briza Jorge André , Fernandes Leticia , Galli Lesley Carina do Lago Attadia , Marques Érica Ferreira , Garcia Sheila Farias Alves
Published: February 2023

A bibliometria é um método de pesquisa que permite a verificar a evolução de determinada área do conhecimento e identificar gaps de pesquisa. O objetivo deste estudo é sistematizar estatisticamente a evolução dos estudos sobre o tema mobile banking, tendo como referência a base de dados Emerald. Para tanto foi realizada uma pesquisa teórica, de caráter descritivo e abordagem quantitativa, utilizando como método de pesquisa a bibliometria. Foram coletados todos os artigos relacionados ao tema no período de 2000 até 2021, resultando numa amostra de 85 artigos. Analisou-se a quantidade de publicações em cada ano, a distribuição das publicações por revista, percentual de autores e repetições em outros artigos, Keywords, percentual de subtemas abordados. Os resultados demonstram que na última década o número de ocorrências do tema cresceu e atingiu seu auge em 2019 com 17 artigos publicados. Tendo em vista a pandemia de COVID-19 iniciada em 2020 e um total de 12 artigos publicados, frisa-se a relevância desse tema para este período e a margem para pesquisas pós pandemia que verifiquem possíveis oscilações e os subtemas gerados para nova composição de dados que, majoritariamente têm sido de análise empírica.
SOLDAGEM DE MANUTENÇÃO EM RODETES
Authors: Sachetto João Paulo , Farah Alessandro Fraga , Júnior Ruy Ribeiro da Silva , Andrade Wendel Gustavo de , Garcia Junio César
Published: February 2023

Alguns componentes mecânicos de sistemas usados em usinas de açúcar e etanol, especialmente aqueles que atuam no setor de preparação e extração do caldo, são sujeitos a desgaste severo. Engrenagens de transmissão de potência são exemplos destes componentes que exigem periodicamente manutenções, que neste caso, podem ser executadas por meio de deposição de solda na região do dentado. Neste trabalho buscou-se encontrar o aço ideal para a fabricação do componente rodete da moenda identificando aquele que apresenta, após a aplicação do depósito de solda dura, o revestimento mais homogêneo. O metal base das amostras revestidas, usadas para os experimentos foram de três classes distintas de aços com porcentagens similares de carbono: SAE 1045, 4140 e 4340. Para a aplicação do revestimento utilizou-se o eletrodo de solda dura E450 ESP, da marca Fênix, e a máquina Power Wave s350. As imagens metalográficas dos revestimentos demonstraram microestrutura martensítica e os valores de dureza e resistência ao desgaste concordaram com os resultados microestruturais. Como o comportamento dos revestimentos independe do metal base, fica evidente, sob este aspecto, que o revestimento deve ser aplicado sobre o Aço SAE 1045, material que apresenta o menor custo de aquisição.
ESTUDO PARA PROJETO DE ADEQUAÇÃO À NR 12 DE UMA PRENSA HIDRÁULICA DESTINADA AO ENSAIO LABORATORIAL
Authors: Dos Santos Larissa Nishida , Dias Gustavo
Published: February 2023

Projetos de adequação de máquinas e equipamentos conforme a Norma Regulamentadora N° 12 têm o intuito de estabelecerem princípios fundamentais para redução e apreciação dos riscos existentes. Dessa forma, garantem-se a segurança física e a saúde dos trabalhadores e demais pessoas que tenham contato com essas máquinas e equipamentos, haja vista, os acidentes são condições anormais, porém evitáveis. A fim de serem atendidas as premissas de segurança necessárias, este trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar um estudo simplificado para a elaboração do projeto de proteções físicas para a prensa hidráulica de uso laboratorial, instalada na faculdade de tecnologia de Sertãozinho – SP. O projeto proposto foi desenvolvido por meio do Software Inventor e tomou como referência, um relatório técnico primordial para redução dos níveis de acidentes. Este relatório, utilizando os métodos qualitativo e quantitativo HRN (Harzard Rating Number) e NBR 14153:2013, analisou os riscos existentes para a segurança dos operadores e terceiros, nos estágios anterior e posterior à instalação das proteções, conforme projeto proposto. Este estudo permitiu determinar a melhor escolha de soluções para as proteções físicas da máquina e propôs modificações gerais de modo que o equipamento possa estar em conformidade com a NR 12 (BRASIL, 2019) e demais normas técnicas relacionadas.
ESTUDO PARA ELIMINAÇÃO DO PROCESSO DE DECAPAGEM DO MATERIAL 17-4PH USINADO E TRATADO TERMICAMENTE
Authors: Delfino Celio Aparecido , Campelo Cicero Antonio Carvalho , Farah Solange Pereira dos Santos , Farah Alessandro Fraga
Published: February 2023

Este trabalho foi elaborado para realizar um estudo para melhoria de processo na fabricação de uma peça feita através da usinagem a partir do material 17-4PH, no qual uma das etapas do processo é a decapagem que é feita após o tratamento térmico de envelhecimento. A decapagem utiliza um ácido bastante agressivo podendo ocasionar acidentes graves se não for manuseado corretamente. Para se realizar a melhoria desse processo o material foi tratado antes de ser enviado para a usinagem, e após o tratamento térmico o processo de usinagem substituiu a decapagem. Na usinagem das barras que passaram pelo tratamento térmico o tempo de usinagem, o desgaste das ferramentas e o custo do produto ficou mais elevado se comparado com o processo atual devido a dureza mais elevada do material. Entretanto, mesmo com esses parâmetros mais elevados a retirada da decapagem no processo atual foi válido devido seu ganho na qualidade da segurança do trabalho e meio ambiente.
ESTUDO COMPARATIVO ENTRE OS EFEITOS DOS GASES ARGÔNIO E ARCAL 11 NA SOLDAGEM PELO PROCESSO GTAW (GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING) EM AÇO INOXIDÁVEL AISI 316L
Authors: Junior Clóvis Catananti , Farah Alessandro Fraga , Farah Solange Pareira dos Santos
Published: February 2023

A aplicação do gás inerte como proteção da poça de fusão em processos de soldagem Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) torna o processo de soldagem a arco elétrico entre um eletrodo não consumível de tungstênio e a peça de fusão com proteção gasosa, isento de oxidação. A proposta de estudar a comparação da utilização dos gases de proteção Argônio e ARCAL 11, tem como objetivo apresentar uma solda com resistência mecânica, qualidade e confiabilidade de processo. Na soldagem do aço inoxidável AISI 316L, foi analisado por meios de ensaios mecânicos de tração e microdureza, além de análise metalográfica, qual gás apresenta melhor resultado para esta finalidade. As amostras soldadas e ensaiadas neste trabalho, tem os perfis na forma de tubos e barras. Os resultados obtidos apresentaram valores de resistência a tração inferior ao material de base para ambos os perfis, com uma ligeira melhora na utilização do gás ARCAL 11 no perfil de barra. As durezas no metal de solda ficaram abaixo do metal de base, corroborando com os resultados de resistência a tração. As microestruturas do metal de solda não apresentaram diferenças nos diferentes processos.
SOLDABILIDADE EM AÇO DOMEX 700MC MATERIAL DE ALTA RESISTÊNCIA E BAIXA LIGA
Authors: De Oliveira Daniel Batista , Neves Marcelo Morelli , Muniz Ventura Junior Antonio Carlos , Meirelles Raquel Gomes , Sachetto João Paulo
Published: February 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a soldabilidade do aço DOMEX 700MPa, com a utilização do consumível ER70S-6 através do processo GMAW, utilizados na fabricação de chassis de caminhões e reboques. A análise foi realizada através dos ensaios mecânicos feitos por corpos de prova em laboratório, por meio de ensaios de tração, dobramento e microdureza. Nos resultados analisados, verificou-se que a resistência mecânica e a microdureza do metal de adição ER70S-6 é inferior à do metal de base Aço DOMEX 700 MPa sendo assim ocorre a ruptura do mesmo. No ensaio de dobramento o material apresentou boa deformação plástica sem a presença  de descontinuidades na solda.
PENSAMENTO INTEGRADOR INTERDISCIPLINAR
Authors: Soares Odair Silva
Published: February 2023

A forma como se ensina, como se aprende e se pratica administração, e mais especificamente empreendedorismo, com teoria e prática calcada ainda numa visão cartesiana provocou a inquietação e o desejo de desenvolver o presente artigo. Esse artigo teve como eixo a articulação da interdisciplinaridade e do empreendedorismo numa perspectiva de vislumbrar a construção de um ecossistema empreendedor. O objetivo é o de contribuir para o debate e apresentar aspectos da reflexão sobre a doença do pensamento que nos permite o discurso, mas nos dificulta a prática da inovação do empreendedorismo e da interdisciplinaridade.
At what stage are we in active surveillance for localized prostate cancer? Our clinical experience
Authors: Evren İsmail , Danacıoğlu Yavuz Onur , Ekşi Mithat , Özlü Deniz Noyan , Hacıislamoğlu Ahmet , Arıkan Yusuf , Ayten Ali , Polat Hakan
Published: February 2023

Objective: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men and early diagnosis can be made by screening. Active surveillance (AS) is one of the options for disease management in patients with low-risk prostate cancer (LRPC). In this study, we aimed to evaluate our clinical experience in AS for prostate cancer. Material and Methods: Data from 1650 patients who were diagnosed with PCa in the period between January 2014 and December 2019, were retrospectively reviewed. Inclusion criteria were defined as being under 75 years of age and having a 10-year life expectancy, being at clinical stages of T1-T2a, having a PSA level of <10 ng/dl, having positive biopsy cores of ≤2, and having a Gleason score of ≤6 as the result of the pathological examination of the biopsy specimen. Patients not meeting any of the inclusion criteria were excluded from the study. Results: After the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 176 patients agreed to undergo AS and were included in the study. The mean follow-up duration was 25.2 ± 13 months. A total of 57 patients (32.3%) left the AS program to undergo definitive treatment. Definitive treatment was radical prostatectomy in 38 (65.5%) patients, radiotherapy in 18 (31%) patients, and hormonotherapy in one (1.7%) patient. Conclusion: AS is a method that helps avoid the complications of definitive treatment in LRPC patients. It can be used as an alternative option to definitive treatment in the management of these patients. However, it should not be forgotten that pathological upgrades may occur in 30% of AS patients, indicating the need for definitive treatment. Keywords: prostate cancer, active surveillance, low-risk prostate cancer
An examination of relationship between overactive bladder and C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Authors: Benli Erdal
Published: February 2023

Objective: The definite cause of overactive bladder (OAB), which negatively affects the quality of life of patients, is unknown. This study aims to provide evidence for the inflammatory process in patients with OAB whose etiology has not been fully elucidated. Material and Methods: The study included 154 people with OAB diagnosis and 131 people as controls. This study was conducted retrospectively, cross-sectionally between April 2015 and April 2020. The data were recorded at the first meeting by an expert on this subject. Groups were compared in terms of CRP and ESR measured in serum. Statistical analysis used the chi-square test, independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses. P<0.05 was accepted as statistical significance. Results: There were no differences between the groups in terms of comorbid diseases. There were significant differences identified in terms of age and BMI between the groups (p<0.005). When groups are compared according to CRP levels, values were 0.28 [0.54] for the OAB group and 0.17 [0.22] mg/dl for the control group (p=0.047). The distribution according to ESR in the groups was 19 [30.5] and 12.5 [13] mm/h, respectively (p=0.004). Conclusion: This study provides new evidence to the literature showing the relationship between OAB and an inflammatory process. It was determined that CRP and ESR levels were increased in patients with OAB compared to the control group. These results show us that there is an inflammatory process at the onset of this disease. Keywords: inflammation, overactive bladder,
Long-term stone-free rates after flexible URS: Does the size of DJ stent affect the outcomes
Authors: Yıldırım Ümit , Uslu Mehmet , Ezer Mehmet , Güzel Rasim , Sarıca Kemal
Published: February 2023

Objective: This study’s main goal was to evaluate the possible impact of different-sized double-J (DJ) stents on the pain and stone-free status following flexible ureteroscopic laser disintegration (fURS) of renal stones. Material and Methods: A total of 104 patients who underwent fURS for kidney stones were included in our study. In 51 patients, a 4.7 Fr DJ stent was used after stone fragmentation, while in the remaining 53 cases, a 6 Fr stent was chosen. Between the two groups, general pain symptoms were evaluated using a visual pain scale at the end of the first postoperative week. The stone-free status was evaluated using non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) after three months following surgery. Success was determined by either the complete clearance of the stones or the presence of small stone fragments (<3 mm). Results: Using a visual pain scale, we compared the two groups’ overall reports of pain (4.02±1.10 vs 4.81±1.53, p=0.006). When we looked at the stone-free rates, the two groups were not significantly different in this regard (84.3% vs 74.5%, p=0.264). We found no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of postoperative fever, stent migration, or visits to the emergency room. Conclusion: In spite of the fact that larger diameter stents resulted in more pain complaints for patients, they did not alter the long-term stone-free rates appreciably, as evidenced by our findings. In order to reduce the occurrence of unpleasant symptoms, a 4.7 Fr double-j stent may be preferable over a 6 Fr stent following flexible ureteroscopic surgery. Keywords: Double-j stent diameter, renal stones, flexible ureterorenoscopy, stone free
Can a single-layer of renorrhaphy be applied with hemostatic agent in robotassisted laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery applied to complex renal tumors?
Authors: Aydoğan Tahsin Batuhan , Binbay Murat
Published: February 2023

Objective: To compare outcomes of single- layer renorrhaphy suturing and hemostatic agent application with double-layer renorrhaphy among complex renal tumors. Material and Methods: 51 patients who underwent robotic partial nephrectomy due to complex renal tumors (PADUA score ≥10) between August 2017 and February 2021 were retrospectively enrolled. A double-layer renorrhaphy was applied in 36 patients (Group 1), and a single-layer renorrhaphy plus hemostatic agent FloSeal® (Baxter Medical, Fremont, CA) was applied in 15 patients (Group 2). Pre- and post-operative serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate, hemoglobin levels, surgical and warm ischemia time, drainage, hospital stay duration, as well as complications were all evaluated. Results: Group 1 and Group 2 mean PADUA scores were 11 and 10.47, respectively. The mean preoperative, postoperative 1st day and 6th month serum creatinine were 1.02, 1.15 and 1.09 mg/dL in the Group 1 and were 0.93, 1.02 and 0.90 mg/dL in the Group 2, respectively. The mean preoperative, postoperative 1st day and 6th month glomerular filtration rates were 91.47, 77.31 and 81.90 mL/ min/1.73m2 in the Group 1 and were 92.07, 84.93 ve 90.73 mL/min/1.73m2 in the Group 2, respectively. Operation and warm ischemia time were 118min and 23min in the Group 1, and 101min and 13 min in the Group 2, respectively. There was no significant difference between groups in terms of drain removal time and hospital stay. Perioperative only Clavien I and II complications were observed with no recurrence during the follow-up. Conclusion: A single-layer of renorrhaphy plus hemostatic agent application can be safely applied in complex renal tumors with a PADUA score between 10-11 undergoing robotic partial nephrectomy. Keywords: robotic partial nephrectomy, nephron sparing surgery, renorrhaphy, complex renal tumor
Effect of large prostate volume on perioperative, oncological and functional outcomes after robotic radical prostatectomy: A retrospective clinical study
Authors: Kargı Taner , Bitkin Alper , Sungur Ubeyd , Karadağ Serdar , Evren İsmail , Hacıislamoğlu Ahmet , Polat Hakan , Gürbüz Necati , Taşçı Ali İhsan
Published: February 2023

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of large prostate volume on surgical, oncological and functional outcomes in prostate cancer patients who underwent Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Material and Methods: In this study, patients who underwent RARP due to prostate cancer by a single surgeon were divided into two groups as large prostate volume over 75 cc (Group-1) and prostate volume less than 75 cc (Group-2), and these two groups were compared retrospectively. Patients who were followed up for 12 months were assessed. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, preoperative PSA level, clinical stage distributions, Gleason score, D’Amico risk classification, preoperative potency and continence assessment (p>0.05). The operative time was 169.9 ± 62.5 minutes and 145.6 ± 56.1 minutes in Groups 1 and 2, respectively, and was significantly higher in Group 1 (p= 0.02). Bladder neck reconstruction was performed in 17 (35%) and 2 (3%) patients in Groups 1 and 2, respectively, and it was statistically significantly higher in Group-1 (p=0.001). After removal of the urethral catheter in Group 1 and Group 2, full continence and potency rates were similar during the 1-year follow-up (p >0.05). Biochemical recurrence rates at 6 months and 1 year were similar in Group 1 and Group 2 (p >0.05). Conclusion: In prostate cancer patients with large prostate volume, RARP results in longer operative time and bladder neck reconstruction may be required.. However, in operations performed by experienced surgeons, large prostate volume does not have a negative effect on surgical, functional and oncological outcomes. Keywords: robotic surgical procedures, prostatectomy, prostate, organ size
The applicability of laparoscopic adrenalectomy and our experience at a secondary health institution
Authors: Çömez Yusuf İlker
Published: February 2023

Objective: Since the laparoscopy education had became widespread, the advance laparoscopic procedures can be performed even at secondary public hospitals. In this study, we aimed to present our experience of the first seven years of laparoscopic transperitoneal adrenalectomy. Material And Methods: the study included 30 patients with laparoscopic transperitoneal adrenalectomy (LA) performed from October 2012 to April 2019. The retrospective assessment investigated age, sex, body mass index, adrenal mass characteristics, hormonal activity, operation duration, hemorrhage status, transfusion requirements, final pathology and complication rates. Results: Mean age was 54.3±11.5 years and mean body mass index was 25.6±2.7 kg/m2. Mean mass size was 48.5±23 mm and mean operation duration was 70.2±21.6 minutes. Mean peroperative hemorrhage amount was 41±48.8 cc, while only 2 patients required transfusion. Mean hospitalization duration was 1.3±0.88 days. None of the laparoscopic cases was converted to open surgery, and no major complications such as death recorded. Conclusion: Transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) surgery may be performed safely after adequate training for appropriate patients with low morbidity and mortality. Keywords: laparoscopy, adrenalectomy, experience, open surgery, transperitoneal
Demographic characteristics of Turkish kidney donors and the impact of donor-recipient relationship on postoperative outcomes: A single-center experience
Authors: Açıkgöz Onur , Altınel Mert
Published: February 2023

Objective: Kidney transplantation (KTx) is the most effective treatment option for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Live donor kidney transplantation is unique as it involves healthy individuals who undergo a major surgery. This retrospective study seeks to investigate the effect of donor–recipient relationship on postoperative outcomes in Turkish donors undergoing laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (DNx). Material and Methods: The study was conducted with a total of 297 patients who underwent left DNx. The patients included in the study were divided into six different groups based on the degree of relationship with the recipients: Sixty-nine cases of DNx involved mothers as kidney donors classified into group-1, 29 cases involving fathers into group-2, 70 cases involving spouses into group-3, 68 cases involving siblings into group-4, 31 cases involving children into group-5, and 30 cases involving second-degree and more distant relatives into group-6. Patients’ data including age, sex, education level, duration of surgery (ST), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score at postoperative day 1, length of hospital stay (HS), and Quality of Life (QoL) were retrospectively analyzed and recorded. Results: The groups had significant differences in terms of VAS scores, HS, and QoL-MS. Posthoc analysis was performed to find out which groups had significant differences. Results showed that group-1 had significantly lower VAS scores than group-2, group-3, and group-6. HS was significantly long in group-3 and group-6. QoL-MSwas significantly lower in group-2 and group-6 than the other groups. Conclusion: The degree of relationship of living kidney donors to recipients influences their psychological health in the early postoperative period and probably affects VAS scores and length of hospital stay. It can be argued that mothers are the group of donors least affected by the kidney donation process. Keywords: kidney; transplantation; live donor; donor-recipient relationship
AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN TAYLOR SWIFT’S FOLKLORE ALBUM
Authors: Gustsa Fitshafa , Laili Elisa Nurul
Published: February 2023

Abstract: In this research, the researcher used the descriptive qualitative method to analyze the data of figurative language and stylistics discovered in Taylor Swift's selected song lyrics on the Folklore album. This research is intended to find out the types and meanings of figurative language used in Folklore album, and to find out the types and functions of stylistics used in Folklore album. The researcher found some types of figurative language which is used in Folklore album there are Metaphor 12, Allegory 4, Metonymy 3, Verbal irony 7, Hyperbole 7, Personification 7, Symbol 14, Paradox 11, Simile 12, Synecdoche totem pro parte 1, and Understatement 1. Moreover, it is possible to conclude that figurative language and style of language significantly contribute to song lyrics. So that's why the writer or songwriter uses figurative language and any style of language in sentences to make the song more engaging and to assist readers to think more about the message and the meaning behind it.
NORMALIZATION OF DIFFICULT LOAN PAYMENTS: A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF LOAN SERVICE ADVERTISEMENT IN POST PANDEMIC ERA
Authors: Indrawan Fani , Nastiti Nimas Diah Putri Ayu Dewi
Published: February 2023

This study focuses on semiotic analysis of Kredivo's commercial video entitled "Life as flexible as it can be”. The purpose of this research is to find the hidden meaning behind the sign used in the commercial. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to seek a deeper understanding of the meaning contained in the commercial. The theory used in this study is the semiotic analysis of Roland Barthes. The results of this study indicate that there are some hidden meanings that are made vague by only showing certain messages in a clear and straightforward manner so that the purpose of this Kredivo commercial is achieved. However, the hidden meaning can still be revealed and stated in the results of this study. The conclusion of this study is that Kredivo uses the slogan "Flexible" to build image that its users have the freedom to use their loan services. In addition, through this commercial, Kredivo also wants to instill an understanding that the comforts and difficulties in life are normal. To normalize the difficulty faced by its users after taking their loan service. As it can be normal, users do not need to worry and exaggerate it.
Glacier variations in Iceland 1930–1995. From the database of the Iceland Glaciological Society
Authors: Sigurðsson Oddur
Published: February 2023

.
Mass balance of western and northern VatnaJökull Iceland, 1991–1995
Authors: Björnsson Helgi , Pálsson Finnur , Guðmundsson Magnús T. , Haraldsson Hannes H.
Published: February 2023

.
The cover photo / Forsíðumyndin
Authors: Jóhannesson Tómas
Published: February 2023

.
New data on the age and origin of the Leiðólfsfell Cone Group in south Iceland
Authors: Þórðarson Þorvaldur , Miller D. Jay , Larsen Guðrún
Published: February 2023

.
Samtíningur um jökla milli Fells og Staðarfjalls
Authors: Björnsson Flosi
Published: February 2023

.
On the pattern of faults and dykes in Borgarfjörður, W-Iceland
Authors: Khodayar Maryam
Published: February 2023

.
Gravity models of the volcanic island Surtsey, Iceland
Authors: Þorsteinsson Þröstur , Guðmundsson Magnús Tumi
Published: February 2023

.
Ragnar Þ. Stefánsson – Skaftafell, 1914–1994. Farmer and glaciologist
Authors: Ives Jack D.
Published: February 2023

.
Holocene eruptions within the Katla volcanic system, south Iceland: Characteristics and environmental impact
Authors: Larsen Guðrún
Published: February 2023

Holocene volcanism within the Katla volcanic system is characterized by: 1) explosive (hydromagmatic) basaltic eruptions along volcanic fissures within the Mýrdalsjökull caldera; 2) explosive silicic eruptions from vents associated with the caldera and 3) predominantly effusive basaltic eruptions involving both the central volcano and the fissure swarm. Typical Katla eruptions are accompanied by basaltic tephra fall, lightning and glacial floods (jökulhlaups) of meltwater, ice and volcanic debris. Twenty eruptions have occurred in the last 11 centuries. The volume of airborne tephra varies by three orders of magnitude, with an estimated volume of 1.5 km³ of freshly fallen tephra from the largest historical Katla eruption. The length of documented eruptions varies from 2 weeks to over 5 months. The average repose period since 1500 AD is 47 years with maximum deviations of 33 and 34 years. All Katla eruptions during the last 400 years have begun in the springfall season. At least 12 silicic Katla eruptions are known from the period ca. 1700 BP and 6600 BP. The silicic magma was most likely erupted by hydromagmatic explosive eruptions. The tephra dispersal axes indicate vent locations within the caldera or along the caldera rim. The volume of airborne silicic tephra varies by orders of magnitude, the largest and most widespread is tephra layer UN with uncompacted tephra volume of 0.3 km³. Intervals between the silicic eruptions have varied from ca. 100 to ca. 1000 14C yrs. Two major “fires” and 5–10 relatively minor, partly effusive eruptions have occurred during the Holocene. The 10th century Eldgjá and the 6800 BP Hólmsá fires are the largest known Holocene eruptions within the Katla system. A ≥75 km long, discontinuous and partly subglacial eruptive fissure was active during the Eldgjá eruption. The opening phase on most fissure segments was explosive, followed by an effusive phase on the subaerial segments. The eruption produced a voluminous basaltic tephra layer with a minute silicic component, two major lava fields and possibly a hyaloclastic flow deposit. Large jökulhlaups accompanied the eruption. The combined volume of erupted material may exceed 19 km³ DRE. Eruptions on the Katla system have caused extensive environmental changes during the past 1100 years. The Eldgjá fires radically changed the landscape, hydrology and utilization potential of large areas in South Iceland. Since then, jökulhlaups accompanying eruptions within the caldera have escaped eastwards, raising the Mýrdalssandur plain and extending its coastline southward.
Location accuracy of earthquake hypocentres beneath Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland, prior to the 2010 eruptions
Authors: Tarasewicz Jon , White Robert S. , Brandsdóttir Bryndís , Thorbjarnardóttir Bergthóra S.
Published: February 2023

The depth of seismicity preceding the 2010 Fimmvörðuháls and Eyjafjallajökull eruptions in South Iceland has implications for the interpretation of the magma plumbing system that was active prior to those eruptions. Significant discrepancies exist in the hypocentral depths reported by different studies of the same earthquakes beneath Eyjafjallajökull in early-mid March 2010. Reported depths range from 3 km to 12 km. We use both real earthquake data and synthetic tests to show that the dominant factor controlling the best-fit hypocentral depths beneath the Eyjafjallajökull glacier is the network configuration. Hypocentral depths of 6–12 km are obtained when only data from permanent seismometer stations operated by the Icelandic Meteorological Office are used, the closest of which is located 13 km from the epicentral zone. Inclusion of data from six temporary seismometer stations deployed around Eyjafjallajökull, all within 4–15 km of the epicentral zone, constrains earthquake depths to be shallower than ∼6 km. A lack of proximal stations on top of the glacier limits resolution of earthquake sources that are shallower than ∼4 km, even when data from the six temporary stations are included. The choice of two plausible distinct velocity models has only a second-order effect on inferred hypocentral depths. We suggest that the true depth of seismicity is ∼2–6 km, which coincides with the depth of inflating magmatic intrusions inferred from surface deformation at that time.
Shear wave velocity in surface sediments
Authors: Bessason Bjarni , Erlingsson Sigurður
Published: February 2023

Surface sediments of different nature are common in Iceland. Natural soil sites and man-made fillings commonly serve as foundations for different types of structures. In Civil engineering work it is fundamental to know the geotechnical properties of these materials in the upper 20–30 m. A seismic method called Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves (SASW) has been used in recent decades in Iceland to measure and evaluate shear wave velocity at different natural sites as well as in man-made fillings. The method is fast and involves low cost equipment. It gives reliable results down to 20 m depth by using sledge as a seismic source and copes with both soft and stiff soil sites. Furthermore, the technique can be applied at coarse grained gravelly sites where it can be difficult to use borehole and penetration methods. We describe the methodology used in these projects and review all SASW measurements carried out in Iceland. The soil strata at all test sites are classified based on sieve analysis when possible. Natural sites and man-made fillings are kept separated. A database and an open web site are introduced where all the SASW results can be viewed and shear wave profiles for different soil types and unlike sites can be compared. The main aim with the database and the webpage is to give scientists and engineers access to this data and enable them to compare stiffness at different sites.
Ferð til Esjufjalla í Vatnajökli sumarið 1961
Authors: Ólafsson Halldór
Published: February 2023

Ferð sú til Esjufjalla sem hér greinir frá var annars vegar vísindalegs eðlis, en hins vegar okkur sem ekki töldumst náttúrufræðingar, til fróðleiks og skemmtunar. Frumkvæðið áttu vísindamennirnir Eyþór Einarsson grasafræðingur og Þorleifur Einarsson jarðfræðingur, en þeir höfðu farið á undan okkur hinum austur í Öræfi og fengið til liðs við sig Hálfdán Björnsson, bónda og sjálfmenntaðan jurta– og skordýrafræðing. Frásögnin sem hér fer á eftir er byggð á dagbók sem undirritaður hélt í ferðinni.
Rannsóknarferð á Vatnajökul vorið 1978
Authors: Ólafsson Halldór
Published: February 2023

Vorið 1978 lánaði Norræna eldfjallastöðin tvo vélsleða til íssjármælinga á Vatnajökli og var ég ráðinn umsjónarmaður þeirra við mælingarnar. Frásögnin sem fer hér á eftir er byggð á dagbók minni úr ferðinni. Þessum þykktarmælingum, með íssjá Raunvísindastofnunar, stjórnaði Helgi Björnsson, jöklafræðingur, en auk okkar Helga voru í leiðangrinum: Marteinn Sverrisson verkfræðingur og Ævar Jóhannesson, tækjasmiður, en þeir voru aðalhönnuðir íssjárinnar, og Sævar Skaptason, ungur liðsmaður Hjálparsveitar skáta í Kópavogi. Landsvirkjun lánaði snjóbílinn „Jaka“, sem þeir Hannes Haraldsson og Hörður Hafliðason óku til skiptis.
Sigurdur Thorarinsson (1912–1983)
Authors: Steinþórsson Sigurður
Published: February 2023

Like the majority of Icelanders of his generation, Sigurður Þórarinsson was born and brought up at a farm, in Vopnafjörður, NE-Iceland. Being a precocious child he was enrolled in the Akureyri Gymnasium from which he matriculated in 1931. Influenced by his natural-science teacher Pálmi Hannesson, he entered the Copenhagen University the following fall to study geology. After one winter in Denmark, however, he transferred to Stockholm to continue his studies, now in geography and botany as well as geology. After receiving his doctoral degree at the University of Stockholm in 1944, he returned to Iceland and worked for a while with the Research Council. In January 1947 he became Director of the Department of Geology and Geography, Museum of Natural History in Reykjavik, a position he held until 1968 when he became Professor of Geology and Geography at the University of Iceland. While Director of the Natural History Museum he was twice appointed Professor and Director of the Geographical Institute of Stockholm, in the years 1950–1951 and 1953
Holocene marine tephrochronology on the Icelandic shelf: An overview
Authors: Guðmundsdóttir Esther Ruth , Eiríksson Jón , Larsen Guðrún
Published: February 2023

Currently the Late-glacial and Holocene marine tephrochronology on the shelf around Iceland comprises 130 tephra layers from 30 sediment cores ranging in age from 15,000 years cal. BP to AD 1947. A vast majority of the cores and tephra layers are from the North Iceland shelf. Much fewer tephra layers have been found on the South and West Iceland shelf. The early Holocene Saksunarvatn ash and Vedde Ash are the only tephra layers identified on all investigated shelf areas. For the last 15,000 years correlated tephra layers from the shelf sediments around Iceland to their terrestrial counterparts both in Iceland and overseas are 40 of which 26 are terrestrially dated tephra markers. Thirty correlations are within the last 7050 years. The terrestrially dated tephra markers found on the shelf have been used to constrain past environmental variability in the region, as well as marine reservoir age. The marine tephra stratigraphy on the North Iceland shelf has revealed variations in volcanic activity in Iceland further back in time than terrestrial records in Iceland. The numerous tephra layers identified in the sediments on the shelf demonstrate the potential of marine tephrochronology for dating purposes, land-sea correlation, marine reservoir estimations and reconstruction of past volcanic activity of Icelandic volcanoes.
Mass and volume changes of Langjökull ice cap, Iceland, ~1890 to 2009, deduced from old maps, satellite images and in situ mass balance measurements
Authors: Pálsson Finnur , Guðmundsson Sverrir , Björnsson Helgi , Berthier Etienne , Magnússon Eyjólfur , Guðmundsson Snævarr , Haraldsson Hannes H.
Published: February 2023

We describe the mass balance of Langjökull ice cap, Iceland, (∼920 km², ∼190 km³) during several time intervals of different climate conditions that span the 20th century until present. The elevation range of Langjökull is 460–1440 m a.s.l. with a zero mass balance equilibrium line altitude (ELA) of 1000 m (southern outlets). The mass balance of the ice cap has been observed in situ every year since 1996–1997 and also assessed from estimation of glacier volume changes by comparing series of elevation maps from: 1937, 1945–1946, 1986, 1997 and 2004. The glacier margin of the Little Ice Age maximum (LIA; ∼1890) was estimated from the location of end moraines. The difference between the 1997–2004 annnual specific net balance estimated by volume change and in situ measurements is negligible (∼5 cm w.e.). During the two warm periods 1936–1946 and 1997–2009 the mean mass balance was similar; -1.6 and −1.3 m w.e. yr$^{−1}$, respectively. The colder climate during 1946–1986 and cooler yet in 1986–1997 resulted in specific mass balance close to zero; −0.3 and −0.2 m w.e. yr$^{−1}$, respectively.
Post-Little Ice Age (1891–2011 AD) volume loss of Kotárjökull glacier, southeastern Iceland, as established from historical photography
Authors: Guðmundsson Snævarr , Hannesdóttir Hrafnhildur , Björnsson Helgi
Published: February 2023

Kotárjökull is one of several outlet glaciers draining the ice-covered central volcano Öræfajökull in SE-Iceland. We estimate the average annual specific mass loss of the glacier, to be 0.22 m (water equivalent) over the post Little Ice Age period 1891–2011. The glacial recession corresponds to an areal decrease of 2.7 km² (20\%) and a volume loss of 0.4 km³ (30\%). A surface lowering of 180 m is observed near the snout decreasing to negligible amounts above 1700 m elevation. This minimal surface lowering at high altitudes is supported by a comparison of the elevation of trigonometrical points on Öræfajökull’s plateau from the Danish General Staff map of 1904 and a recent LiDAR-based digital elevation model. Our estimates are derived from a) three pairs of photographs from 1891 and 2011, b) geomorphological field evidence delineating the maximum glacier extent at the end of the Little Ice Age, and c) the high-resolution digital elevation model from 2010–2011. The historical photographs of Frederick W.W. Howell from 1891 were taken at the end of the Little Ice Age in Iceland, thus providing a reference of the maximum glacier extent.
Late Holocene and modern glacier changes in the marginal zone of Sólheimajökull, South Iceland
Authors: Schomacker Anders , Benediktsson Ívar Örn , Ingólfsson Ólafur , Friis Bjarki , Korsgaard Niels Jákup , Kjær Kurt H. , Keiding Jakob Kløve
Published: February 2023

The forefield of the Sólheimajökull outlet glacier, South Iceland, has a variety of glacial landforms and sediments that are products of late Holocene and modern glacier oscillations. Several sets of moraine ridges reflect past ice front positions and river-cut sedimentary sections provide information about past environments. Here, we describe sediments and landforms deposited during the late Holocene. Chronology is obtained by $^{14}$C dating and cosmogenic exposure dating. The age determinations suggest that Sólheimajökull had major advances in the late Holocene prior to the Little Ice Age, and more restricted advances during the Little Ice Age, after AD 1539. Oscillations of the Sólheimajökull ice margin between 1938 and 2010 are documented by aerial photographs. Digital elevation models were produced from selected years in order to quantify ice thickness changes at the glacier margin over the last 50 years. The glacier margin thickened 70–100 m from 1960 to 1996 and then thinned 120–150 m between 1996 and 2010. In 2010, the glacier snout was 20–40 m thinner than in 1960. Additionally, the DEM time-series detect areas of erosion and deposition in the forefield.
Stratigraphy, 40Ar–39Ar dating and erosional history of Svínafell, SE-Iceland
Authors: Helgason Jóhann , Duncan Robert A.
Published: February 2023

The interplay of volcanism and erosion in the Svínafell massif, on the western slope of the Öræfajökull volcanic center, SE-Iceland, is traced with geological mapping, magnetostratigraphy and $^{40}$Ar–$^{39}$Ar age determinations. The volcanic strata are mainly of Quaternary age, i.e., geomagnetic chrons of lower Matuyama to upper Brunhes. The 1832 m thick sequence in Svínafell is composed of 37 discrete lithologic formations, assigned to seven volcano-stratigraphic groups beginning with the onset of volcanism in the Öræfajökull stratovolcano during lower Brunhes magnetic chron (C1n < 781 ka). A regional basin formed shortly before the initiation of volcanism, generating a depocenter for the plant-fossil bearing Svínafell sediments between 0.70 and 1.78 Ma. The Svínafell volcanic strata accumulated during a minimum of eight glacial and inter-glacial stages. We document the Svínafell erosion history and landscape evolution, including 12 erosion surfaces. Erosion has led to extended stratigraphic hiatuses and removal of thick volcanic sequences.
Time-dependant surface deterioration of glacially abraded basaltic boulders by Fláajökull, SE Iceland
Authors: Dabski Maciej , Tittenbrun Aleksander
Published: February 2023

he surface deterioration of glacially abraded basaltic boulders by Fláajökull, SE-Iceland, deposited since the Little Ice Age maximum, was assessed based on measurements of micro-roughness, weathering rind thickness and Schmidt hammer R-values in order to find indices of relative age of the moraines. Micro-roughness of boulders was analysed using a Handysurf E35-B electronic profilometer working with a vertical resolution of 0.01 μm, which is a new method in geomorphology. A pilot microscopic analysis showed heavy fracturing within the weathering rind developed in fine-grained basalts, which is interpreted as inherited from mechanical weathering and responsible for deterioration of rock surfaces. A weak to moderate correlation was observed between time-dependent moraine rank and studied indices. Surprisingly, no chemical alteration was observed in analysed rock samples subject to weathering for more than a century. Results indicate that 80 years of weathering cause gradual increase in selected micro-roughness parameters, weathering rind thickness and decrease in Schmidt hammer rebound value. However, these indices of surface deterioration do not change on older moraines, which is attributed to exfoliation. The results do not provide unequivocal arguments in the ongoing discussion about the timing of the LIA maximum of Fláajökull, but encourage further use of the Handysurf E35-B electronic profilometer as a tool in determining initial stages of rock surface weathering.
Mass balance of Mýrdalsjökull ice cap accumulation area and comparison of observed winter balance with simulated precipitation
Authors: Ágústsson Hálfdán , Hannesdóttir Hrafnhildur , Thorsteinsson Thorsteinn , Pálsson Finnur , Oddsson Björn
Published: February 2023

The Mýrdalsjökull ice cap at the south coast of Iceland receives precipitation from the frequently passing extratropical lows, making the region the wettest in Iceland. Most of the ice cap’s accumulation area is a gently sloping plateau (1350–1510 m a.s.l.) within the caldera rim of Katla central volcano, feeding large outlets to the north and east. The oldest mass balance survey data are from 1944 and 1955. Here, mass balance measurements on the plateau, carried out 2001 and annually since 2007, are described and analyzed. Additionally, the winter mass balance is compared with precipitation estimates based on synoptic observations of precipitation at sea level and from high-resolution numerical simulations made with an atmospheric model. The measured specific winter balance at four locations above the equilibrium line was in the range 3.4–7.8 m w.e. (water equivalent) with a maximum winter snow thickness in excess of 12 m. The summer mass balance was highly variable (–0.9 – –3.1 m w.e.) and the annual mass balance at the plateau had a high spatial and temporal variability (2.1–5.9 m w.e.). A comparison between measured winter balance and observations of precipitation at sea level, suggests that the plateau of Mýrdalsjökull receives on average 1–1.8 m w.e. of precipitation during summer. Results from the atmospheric simulations compare well with the measured winter balance and the estimated summer precipitation at the survey sites. The winter balance as well as the precipitation are among the highest reported in Iceland, and parts of the ice cap may annually receive up to 10 m w.e. of precipitation.
Jöklabreytingar (Glacier variations) 1930–1970, 1970–1995, 1995–2010 og 2010–2011
Authors: Sigurðsson Oddur
Published: February 2023

Jöklaárið 2010–2011 (október til september) var vel yfir meðalhita eins og öll þau ár sem af eru öldinni. Úrkoma var talsvert yfir meðallag einkum á Norður- og Austurlandi. Annað árið í röð var eldgos í jökli. Í þetta sinn gaus í Grímsvötnum. Var það kraftmikið gos en skammætt. Kom þar upp mikil gjóska sem lagði eindregið til suð-suðvesturs. Vegna þess hve gosið stóð stutt dreifðist aska ekki yfir nærri eins stórt svæði á jöklum landsins og í Eyjafjallajökulsgosinu árið á undan og hafði því ekki eins mikil áhrif á jöklaleysingu nema á suðvesturfjórðungi Vatnajökuls þar sem jökullinn var alveg hulinn gjósku og gera má ráð fyrir að leysing, einkum ofan snælínu, hafi orðið mun minni en ella
Jöklabreytingar (glacier variations) 1930–1970, 1970–1995, 1995–2011 og 2011–2012
Authors: Sigurðsson Oddur
Published: February 2023

Jöklaárið 2011–2012 (október til september) var 17. árið í röð vel yfir meðalhita áranna 1961–1990 sem jafnan er miðað við. Úrkoma vetrarins var langt yfir meðallag sunnan- og vestanlands. Sumarið var hið næstsvalasta á öldinni á eftir 2005. Hins vegar var það hið sólríkasta sem hefur mælst svo að vænta má að það hafi tekið toll af jöklum. Haustið lagðist að með áhlaupi norðanlands þann 10. september með fannfergi, umtalsverðu fjártjóni og skemmdum á raflínum.