bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Hypothermia for Neuroprotection
Authors: Karnatovskaia Lioudmila V. , Wartenberg Katja E. , Freeman William D.
Published: February 2014

The earliest recorded application of therapeutic hypothermia in medicine spans about 5000 years; however, its use has become widespread since 2002, following the demonstration of both safety and efficacy of regimens requiring only a mild (32°C-35°C) degree of cooling after cardiac arrest. We review the mechanisms by which hypothermia confers neuroprotection as well as its physiological effects by body system and its associated risks. With regard to clinical applications, we present evidence on the role of hypothermia in traumatic brain injury, intracranial pressure elevation, stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, spinal cord injury, hepatic encephalopathy, and neonatal peripartum encephalopathy. Based on the current knowledge and areas undergoing or in need of further exploration, we feel that therapeutic hypothermia holds promise in the treatment of patients with various forms of neurologic injury; however, additional quality studies are needed before its true role is fully known.
Medication-overuse headache: epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Kristoffersen Espen Saxhaug , Lundqvist Christofer
Published: February 2014

Medication-overuse headache (MOH) is one of the most common chronic headache disorders and a public health problem with a worldwide prevalence of 1–2%. It is a condition characterized by chronic headache and overuse of different headache medications, and withdrawal of the overused medication is recognised as the treatment of choice. However, the strategy for achieving withdrawal is, at present, based on expert opinion rather than scientific evidence, partly due to the lack of randomised controlled studies. This narrative review investigates different aspects of epidemiology, diagnosis, risk factors and pathogenesis as well as management for MOH. We suggest that the first step in the treatment of MOH should be carried out in general practice and should focus primarily on detoxification. For most patients, both prevention and follow up after detoxification can also be performed in general practice, thus freeing resources for referral of more complicated cases to headache clinics and neurologists. These suffering patients have much to gain by an earlier treatment-focused approach lower down on the treatment ladder.
Poverty, Disability, and Employment
Authors: Abidi Javed , Sharma Dorodi
Published: February 2014

The worldwide problems of disability, poverty, and unemployment stem out of the interaction of multiple factors including social stigma, stereotypes, lack of access to physical infrastructure, information, and enabling environments. Given this, a singular approach toward tackling these interrelated issues falls short. This article attempts to highlight the correlation of poverty, disability, and employment through the linkages with education, accessibility, legislative and policy changes, and awareness. It draws on the experiences of the National Centre for Promotion of Employment for Disabled People (NCPEDP), to propose a course of action which is built on a strong cross-disability rights-based movements driving a multi-pronged, multi-sectoral approach toward addressing inequalities to break the cycle of poverty and disability.
Fast fixing and comprehensive identification to help improve real-time ligands discovery based on formaldehyde crosslinking, immunoprecipitation and SDS-PAGE separation
Authors: Zhu Lisi , Li Menglin , Wei Lilong , Liu Xuejiao , Yin Jianrui , Gao Youhe
Published: February 2014

Background

Fast Fixation is necessary to study real-time protein-protein interactions under physiological conditions. Fast formaldehyde cross-linking can fix transient and weak protein interactions, thereby reducing the number of false negatives but producing great complexity. To reduce this complexity, immunoaffinity purification can Fish out complexes that include particular target proteins, but affinity-based co-purification has a limited capacity to eliminate nonspecific binding to beads and/or antibodies. To Filter out these complexes, SDS-PAGE is used to disrupt non-covalent bonds, thereby eliminating uncross-linked complexes and simultaneously providing molecular weight information for identification.

Results

We described a 4 F strategy to help improve real-time ligands discovery based on formaldehyde crosslinking, immunoprecipitation and SDS-PAGE separation: Fast Fix, Fish, and Filter, using albumin interactome as an example. The use of gel excision without staining makes this strategy comprehensive and sensitive. The target protein must be identified in the same slice as its ligands. The ligands must be identified in slices for the experimental group but not in the corresponding control slices. Only proteins that appear in the range of molecular weights equal to or greater than the sum of the proteins’ theoretical molecular weights, together with the target, are considered ligands. In this study, 5 s of cross-linking with 10% formaldehyde was achieved in human blood. The use of this strategy identified 35 ligands for albumin. Comparison with four major previous studies of the albuminome revealed that 68.57% of the 35 ligands identified in our study were identified in these other studies.

Conclusions

Fast cross-linking was achieved. The 4 F strategy can be used to identify real-time in situ interactions without prior intervention and to comprehensively identify ligands of particular target proteins with fewer false positives.
Characterization of path loss and absorption for a wireless radio frequency link between an in-body endoscopy capsule and a receiver outside the body
Authors: Lopez-Linares Roman Karen , Vermeeren Günter , Thielens Arno , Joseph Wout , Martens Luc
Published: February 2014

Physical-layer characterization is important for design of in-to-out body communication for wireless body area networks (WBANs). This paper numerically investigates the path loss and absorption of an in-to-out body radio frequency (RF) wireless link between an endoscopy capsule and a receiver outside the body using a 3D electromagnetic solver. A spiral antenna in the endoscopy capsule is tuned to operate in the Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) band at 402 MHz, accounting for the properties of the human body. The influence of misalignment, rotation of the capsule, and three different human models are investigated. Semi-empirical path loss models for various homogeneous tissues and 3D realistic human body models are provided for manufacturers to evaluate the performance of in-body to out-body WBAN systems. The specific absorption rate (SAR) in homogeneous and heterogeneous body models is characterized and compliance is investigated.
Giant intraosseous schwannoma of scapula: a rare case report and review of the literature
Authors: Tian Yu Wang , Zhang Li Ying , Liu Zhi Qin
Published: February 2014

Bony schwannoma is a rare benign tumor derived from schwann cells of nerve fibers in the bone. It accounts for less than 1% of bony benign tumor, and prone to occur in the sacrum and mandible, occurrence in scapula is very rare. Here we report a 42-year-old woman with the chief complaint of pain in the left scapula. Imaging examination showed a giant, irregular, swelling lesion with distinct border involving the left scapula, extending into the left shoulder glenoid and pressing the surrounding soft tissues. Needle biopsy showed that the tumor was composed of spindle cells with S-100 protein positive, mimicking a benign neurogenic tumor. Then a complete excision was performed by removing the tumor and the surrounding tissues including partial left shoulder glenoid. Histologically, Antoni type A areas were the predominant microscopic pattern with occasional alternation by Antoni type B areas. Immunohistochemistry found that the neoplastic cells were scatteredly positive for S-100 protein. All these features suggest a diagnosis of an intraosseous schwannoma of the left scapula. Follow-up of the patient for ten months found no recurrence or sign of other tumors following complete tumor resection without any adjuvant therapy. In conclusion, this case of giant intraosseous schwannoma of the scapula is a rare benign bony tumor, and its diagnosis combined with clinical, imaging and pre-operative needle biopsy is important to guide further therapy, and avoid overtreatment.

Virtual slides

The virtual slides for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1399352761104042
Pharmacology and Pathophysiology of Mutated KCNJ5 Found in Adrenal Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas
Authors: Tauber P. , Penton D. , Stindl J. , Humberg E. , Tegtmeier I. , Sterner C. , Beuschlein F. , Reincke M. , Barhanin J. , Bandulik S. , Warth R.
Published: February 2014

Somatic mutations of the potassium channel KCNJ5 are found in 40% of aldosterone producing adenomas (APAs). APA-related mutations of KCNJ5 lead to a pathological Na+ permeability and a rise in cytosolic Ca2+, the latter presumably by depolarizing the membrane and activating voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. The aim of this study was to further investigate the effects of mutated KCNJ5 channels on intracellular Na+ and Ca2+ homeostasis in human adrenocortical NCI-H295R cells. Expression of mutant KCNJ5 led to a 2-fold increase in intracellular Na+ and, in parallel, to a substantial rise in intracellular Ca2+. The increase in Ca2+ appeared to be caused by activation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and by an impairment of Ca2+ extrusion by Na+/Ca2+ exchangers. The mutated KCNJ5 exhibited a pharmacological profile that differed from the one of wild-type channels. Mutated KCNJ5 was less Ba2+ and tertiapin-Q sensitive but was inhibited by blockers of Na+ and Ca2+-transporting proteins, such as verapamil and amiloride. The clinical use of these drugs might influence aldosterone levels in APA patients with KCNJ5 mutations. This might implicate diagnostic testing of APAs and could offer new therapeutic strategies.
Single continuous lumen formation in the zebrafish gut is mediated by smoothened-dependent tissue remodeling
Authors: Alvers Ashley L. , Ryan Sean , Scherz Paul J. , Huisken Jan , Bagnat Michel
Published: February 2014

The formation of a single lumen during tubulogenesis is crucial for the development and function of many organs. Although 3D cell culture models have identified molecular mechanisms controlling lumen formation in vitro, their function during vertebrate organogenesis is poorly understood. Using light sheet microscopy and genetic approaches we have investigated single lumen formation in the zebrafish gut. Here we show that during gut development multiple lumens open and enlarge to generate a distinct intermediate, which consists of two adjacent unfused lumens separated by basolateral contacts. We observed that these lumens arise independently from each other along the length of the gut and do not share a continuous apical surface. Resolution of this intermediate into a single, continuous lumen requires the remodeling of contacts between adjacent lumens and subsequent lumen fusion. We show that lumen resolution, but not lumen opening, is impaired in smoothened (smo) mutants, indicating that fluid-driven lumen enlargement and resolution are two distinct processes. Furthermore, we show that smo mutants exhibit perturbations in the Rab11 trafficking pathway and demonstrate that Rab11-mediated trafficking is necessary for single lumen formation. Thus, lumen resolution is a distinct genetically controlled process crucial for single, continuous lumen formation in the zebrafish gut.
Size- and Structure-specificity in Catalysis by Gold Clusters
Authors: Taketoshi Ayako , Haruta Masatake
Published: February 2014

Although gold in bulk is poorly active as a catalyst, it exhibits surprisingly high catalytic activity when deposited as nanoparticles (NPs) on base metal oxides. The catalytic performance of supported gold NPs can be created by choosing the kind of support materials, by controlling the size of gold, and by building up strong contact of gold with the supports. Since perimeter interfaces around gold NPs act, in principle, as the active sites for oxidation and hydrogenation, gold should be smaller than 10 nm in diameter. A new area of research is clusters, which are smaller than 2 nm in diameter and less than 200 atoms. Gold clusters possess electronic structures different from those of bulk gold and at the same time provide increased fractions of edges and corners which are highly unsaturatedly coordinated sites. Accordingly, gold clusters will be blessed by unique catalytic performance, and many examples have recently been emerging. This article summarizes such examples in terms of “size- and structure-specificity,” covering gas-phase free clusters, polymer- or organic-ligand-stabilized clusters in liquid phase, and clusters supported on base metal oxides, carbon materials, and organic polymers for gas-phase and liquid-phase reactions.
Genetic Types of the Alkane Gases in Giant Gas Fields with Proven Reserves over 1000×108m3 in China
Authors: Dai Jinxing , Gong Deyu , Ni Yunyan , Yu Cong , Wu Wei
Published: February 2014

By the end of 2011, 20 giant gas fields with proven reserves over 1000×108m3 had been discovered in 7 sedimentary basins in China. Based on the molecular and the carbon isotopic compositions of the alkane gases in these gas fields, in combination with the δ13C1-δ13C2-δ13C3 and δ13C1-C1/C2+3 identification diagrams, the origin of the alkane gases in these 20 giant gas fields are discussed: the alkane gases in Sulige, Daniudi, Yulin, Zizhou, Wushenqi, Hechuan, Guang'an, Anyue, Yuanba, Xinchang, Kela2, Dina2, Dongfang1–1and Kelameili giant gas fields are mainly coal-derived; the alkane gases in Tazhong1 and Datianchi giant gas fields are oil-derived; the alkane gases in Tainan giant gas field are bacterial gases; the alkane gases in Jingbian giant gas field are mixed gases mainly composed of coal-derived gases supplemented with a small quantity of oil-derived gases; the alkane gases in Puguang giant gas field are mixed gases mainly composed of oil-derived gases supplemented with a small quantity of coal-derived gases; the alkane gases in Xushen giant gas field are mixed gases mainly composed of abiogenic gases supplemented with a small quantity of coal-derived gases. The study on the genetic types of the alkane gases in these fields is not only of great scientific importance to the gas correlation, gas accumulation research and the optimization of the exploration targets, but also to the acceleration of the Chinese natural gas industry.
Geochemical Characteristics and Genetic Types of Natural Gas from Tazhong Area in the Tarim Basin, NW China
Authors: Wu Xiaoqi , Tao Xiaowan , Hu Guoyi
Published: February 2014

Plentiful natural gas has been discovered in Tazhong area in the Tarim Basin, and is mainly reservoired in Ordovician at the northern slope and in Carboniferous at the central fault horst. The analyses on natural gas components and carbon and hydrogen isotopes indicate that the natural gas in Tazhong area is mainly composed by alkanes with methane contents generally over 60%. The dryness indexes and N2 and CO2 contents are regionally different with low contents of H2S. The δ13C1 and δD1 values of alkane gas from the western part of northern slope are generally lower than −45‰ and −160‰ respectively, whereas those from the central and eastern parts are mainly higher than −45‰ and −160‰ respectively, and those from the central fault horst are mainly centralized in the ranges of −46.3‰∼−42.3‰ and −163‰∼−154‰ respectively. The alkanes display positive carbon and hydrogen isotopic series, and a few gas samples are partially reversed. The geochemical characteristics indicated that the alkane gas in Tazhong area was oil-associated and derived from the sapropelic organic matters. Natural gas from the western part of the northern slope was mainly generated in the early stage of oil cracking and was mixed by kerogen-cracking gas, and that from the central fault horst was mainly the products of oil cracking to a higher extent, whereas the gas from the central and eastern parts of the northern slope was mainly derived from the primary cracking of kerogen. The mixing analog calculation indicated that the high δ13CCO2 values was caused by the mixing of inorganic CO2 which had been generated in the dissolution reaction of reservoir carbonate rocks under acidic conditions.
The Kinetic Fractionation of Hydrogen Isotope for Methane—A Case Study in Xujiahe Gas Reservoir, Zhongba Gas Field
Authors: Liao Fengrong , Ni Yunyan , Gong Deyu , Yu Cong , Wu Wei
Published: February 2014

A low mature coal sample from the Xujiahe Foramation in Sichuan Basin is selected to perform the thermal simulation experiment in gold tubes under pressure. Gas components and carbon and hydrogen isotopic values of the simulation products are analyzed. Kenetics software and kenetic fractionation model of the hydrogen isotope for methane are applied to calculate the kinetic parameters of hydrocarbon generation and hydrogen isotopes. Combined the geochemical characteristics of natural gas and the thermal history of the source rocks in the Xujiahe Formation in Zhongba gas field with the kinetic parameters calculated above, gas maturity, formation temperature and formation age of the gases are quantified. In particularly, hydrogen kinetic model is extrapolated to the geological conditions. The results show that gases from the Xujiahe Formation are generated at approximately 145 Ma (the end of the Late Jurassic, Early Cretaceous) with temperature of about 132 °C and the maturity of source rock ( Ro) is 0.8% with the source rock transformation rate being only 5%. The results agree well with the actual geological conditions and confirm the reliability of the hydrogen isotope kinetic fractionation model.
Carbonate Platforms in the Reed Bank Area, South China Sea: Seismic Characteristics, Development and Controlling Factors
Authors: Ding Weiwei , Li Jiabiao , Dong Congzhi , Fang Yinxia , Tang Yong , Fu Jie
Published: February 2014

We identify the seismic characteristics about the carbonate platform and other types of reefs in the Reed Bank area, South China Sea, based on a more than 220 km long multi-channel seismic reflection profile. From the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene, carbonate platforms were well developed featured with high-amplitude continuous reflections at the top and low-amplitude parallel reflections within. Reefal carbonate build-ups continued in structural highs almost up to the Middle Miocene, and even to present in the Reed Bank. The development of carbonate platforms and reefs were controlled by the tectonics and sea level changes in the study area synthetically. During the drifting stage of SCS the Reed Bank area was in a relatively stable condition. An everlasting shallow marine environment and low sediments input favored the formation of carbonate platforms. A sudden thermal subsidence after the cessation of SCS's opening in the Early Miocene and the continue rising of sea level made the carbonate platform drown and die. Reed Bank basin is a very promising area for further exploration work.
Origin and Source of the Cenozoic Gas in the Beach Area of the Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, China
Authors: Zhu Guangyou , Wang Zhengjun , Cao Zhonghong
Published: February 2014

Natural gas and condensate oil and gas have been discovered in structures in the beach area of the Nanpu sag, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China. The gas is dominantly hydrocarbon gas with less non–hydrocarbons, it is wet gas and has a dry coefficient in the range of 0.7–0.9. The gas has a methane carbon isotope in the range of −44‰–36‰ and a ethane carbon isotope in the range of −30‰– −24‰. Analysis of the relationship charts between 13C1–C1/C2+3 and δ13CCH4–δDCH4, δ13C– Ro equation, Pr/Ph of associated oil or condensate, suggests that the Cenozoic gas in the beach area of the Nanpu sag is mature – high mature oil–type gas. According to analysis of origin and source of the gas and condensate oil, in combination of monomer hydrocarbon carbon isotope and biomarker, the Cenozoic gas in the beach area of the Nanpu sag is sourced from the Tertiary Shahejie Formation Sha 3 Member (Es3) source rocks and Sha 1 Member (Es1) source rocks. Among these gases, the gas from Es3 source rocks is equivalent to condensate gas formed when source rock vitrinite reflectance ( Ro) is at or above 1.3%. This type of gas has heavier carbon isotope, ethane carbon isotope generally more than −27‰, associated oil C24–tetracyclic terpane /C26–tricyclic terpane ratio less than 0.7, the distribution of monomer hydrocarbon carbon isotopes being flat. The gas from Es1 source rocks is equivalent to oil–associated gas formed when source rock vitrinite reflectance ( Ro) is at or below 1.0%. This type of gas has lighter carbon isotope, ethane carbon isotope generally less than −28‰, associated oil C24–tetracyclic terpane /C26–tricyclic terpane ratio more than 1.0, the distribution of monomer hydrocarbon carbon isotopes having clear inflection points. This study provides reference to study of gas origin in a complicated region, and makes a further step to show exploration potential and fields for gas in the Nanpu sag.
Overview of the distribution and biogeography of Crabronidae in Turkey (Hymenoptera: Aculeata)
Authors: Yıldırım Erol , Ljubomirov Toshko , Lelej Arkady S.
Published: February 2014

Faunistic and systematic studies on Crabronidae of Turkey are reviewed and the distribution and biogeography of the Turkish Crabronid wasp fauna is analyzed. In this study, 21 species and subspecies of 2 genera of Astatinae, 122 species and subspecies of 19 genera of Bembicinae, 72 species and subspecies of 3 genera of Philanthinae, 61 species and subspecies of 13 genera of Pempherdoninae, 2 species of 1 genus of Mellininae, 1 species of 1 genus of Dinetinae and 238 species and subspecies of 26 genera of Crabroninae are recorded. In total, 502 species and 15 subspecies belonging to 65 genera of Crabronidae are recorded from Turkey. Among them, 44 species and 6 subspecies comprising 9,7% of Turkish crabronids are endemic. Furthermore, the type localities of 69 species and 10 subspecies of Crabronidae are located in Turkey. Species composition, diversity and proportion of endemism varies considerably between the biogeographic subregions of the country.
Piezoelectric Actuator Renaissance
Authors: Uchino Kenji
Published: February 2014

“Politico-engineering” in the twenty-first century is generating “Piezoelectric Actuator Renaissance” in the area of sustainability and crisis technologies in particular. This paper reviews the recent advances in materials, designing concepts, and new applications of piezoelectric actuators and describes the future perspectives of this area.
Szent Remeték Mint A Szerzetesi Élet Példaképei: Az Egri Irgalmas Rendház 18. Századi Ablaktáblái Fr. Huetter Lukácstól
Authors: Lipp Mónika
Published: February 2014

The order of the hospitaller brothers of St John of God worked in Eger from 1726 to 1950. One of them, brother Lucas Huetter (†1760) adorned the window shutters of the monastic cells with paintings between 1749 and 1760. The oil paintings are equally 68×38 cm. The painter in Eger used for his pictures the late 16th century print series by Johannes and Raphael Sadeler made after the works of Antwerp painter Marten de Vos (1532–1603) (titles of the series: “Solitudo sive vitae patrum eremicolarum”, “Sylvae sacrae” and “Trophaeum vitae solitariae”). The twelve scenes on the six window shutters are tightly connected to the monastic way of living. In the first pair of shutters Martinianus and Evagrius exemplify triumph over temptation. The second pair (St Venerius and St Paul the Simple) stresses the importance of obedience. The saint hermits (St Mary the Egyptian, St William of Maleval and Onuphrius) and St Francis of Assisi are paragons of poverty, asceticism and self-denial. The saints on the window shutters of the third cell (St Ignatius of Loyola, St Isidore of Madrid, the hermits Mutius and Simeon) all receive celestial help for the execution of their tasks.

In “The Imitation of Christ” Thomas à Kempis presents the holy hermits and sainted founders of the orders as examples to be imitated by the monks and all God-fearing people. The window shutters in Eger did not merely serve as decoration for the cells but filled clearly didactic, exemplary roles: how to overscome the difficulties of the everyday life, to keep focused on God and to become a saint.
A legkorábbi Pázmány-portré „rejtélye“
Authors: Tusor Péter
Published: February 2014

The earliest authentic representation of Péter Pázmány is registered by special literature as his portrait as a Somascan monk. It is based on the white hooded garment Pázmány is wearing in the picture. It is obviously not part of a Jesuit's or an archbishop's or cardinal vestments. The interpretation as Somascan, the source of which is the handwritten catalogue of the Pannonhalma collection which preserves the picture, was probably based on the preclusion of other possibilities. To refute this assumption, there are more than one arguments. We know that Pázmány was not entitled to put on the Somascan habit — which was otherwise taken for him from Rome to Prague in July 1616 because his de facto admission into the order was held up (and finally cancelled), and more important still, we can cite Lodovico Ridolfi, chargé d'affairs of the Habsburgs house in Rome, claiming that the habit of the Somascans did not practically differ from that of the Jesuits. In the pertinent catalogue edited by Giancarlo Rocca only a black habit differing in cut from the habit of the Jesuits is mentioned. Upon our inquiry the central archivist of the order P. Maurizio Brioli C.R.S. also answered he had no idea of the white garment in the picture, and there was no trace of it in the order's documents, including the clothes of the novices. Consequently, the depicted habit cannot be Somascan. In the enumeration of Pázmány's earlier positions a post was overlooked, which may be the clue to the solution. It is the provostship in Turóc. Turóc was originally founded by the Premonstratensians, and the Hungarian members of that order were wearing a white mozzetta of a similar cut to Pázmány's in the painting as late as the 18th century. Most probably, Pázmány had to emphasize, also in externalities, mainly during his 1616 summerdiplomatic missions, particularly when facing the Protestant estates, that he was no Jesuit any longer (and hence was liable to take the archiepiscopal chair under the act of 1608). He could hardly have done it in a more evident manner than wearing this white mozzetta, which simultaneously expressed a monastic and a prelatic character. It is interesting, however, that at the time of the painting of the picture — dated between the beginning of his provostship at Turóc on 25 April 1616 and 28 September, Pázmány as a candidate for novitiate was temporarily the member of the Somascan order de iure canonico. Under the white mozzetta with capucinum of Premonstratensian origin he is wearing however a Jesuit's habit with the collar and there is a biretta similar to the Jesuits' on his head.
Tendências pedagógicas na produção do conhecimento em educação em enfermagem do estado de São Paulo
Authors: Canever Bruna Pedroso , Prado Marta Lenise do , Backes Vânia Marli Schubert , Schveitzer Mariana Cabral
Published: February 2014

Pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo descritiva, exploratório-analítica, em base documental. O objetivo foi caracterizar e analisar as tendências pedagógicas encontradas na produção de artigos científicos relacionados à temática Educação em Enfermagem, capturadas a partir da publicação dos pesquisadores dos Grupos de Pesquisa em Educação em Enfermagem do Estado de São Paulo de 2004 a 2010. Foram identificadas as seguintes tendências pedagógicas: Tradicional, Renovada, Tecnicista, Libertadora e a Crítico-Social dos Conteúdos. Foram analisados 131 estudos, sendo que 46,56% estão pautados em tendências centralmente marcadas por preocupações políticas e sociais. Percebeu-se um movimento intenso em busca de transformação da Educação em Enfermagem dentro dos Grupos de Pesquisa. A grande concentração de estudos embasados em tendências libertadoras ou com a ambição de adotar tais posturas, revela um fator positivo dos Grupos de Pesquisa em Educação em Enfermagem.
Uso da internet na coleta de dados primários na pesquisa em Enfermagem
Authors: Apostolico Maíra Rosa , Egry Emiko Yoshikawa
Published: February 2014

Trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre a utilização de um instrumento de coleta de dados de fontes primárias disponibilizado pela internet. Diante dos avanços da tecnologia que estão modificando a formação profissional, o uso da informática na pesquisa em enfermagem favorece o desenvolvimento de metodologias e localização de informações. Este estudo descreveu desde a construção do instrumento até a coleta de dados e revelou facilidades como a possibilidade de abordagem de muito sujeitos e oferta de um instrumento semelhante ao utilizado pelos profissionais. A principal dificuldade foi a baixa taxa de resposta. Considerou-se a experiência positiva e mesmo o baixo retorno de respostas não comprometeu os resultados qualitativos do estudo. Espera-se que, em um futuro próximo, os profissionais dominem as ferramentas computacionais e façam delas instrumentos de atuação no cotidiano dos serviços de saúde.
Eficiência de fosfitos no controle da podridão da base do estipe em mudas de pupunheira
Authors: Fuzitani Eduardo Jun , Santos Álvaro Figueredo dos , Moraes Wilson da Silva , Damatto Junior Erval Rafael , Nomura Edson Shigueaki
Published: February 2014

A exploração de palmito no Brasil está deixando de ser uma atividade extrativista para tornar-se agrícola, devido ao plantio de palmeiras, como a pupunheira (Bactris gasipaes Kunth var. gasipaes Henderson). A podridão da base do estipe (PBE), causada por Phytophthora palmivora, vem destacando-se como uma importante doença, que poderá limitar o cultivo da pupunheira em várias regiões produtoras. Esta doença ocorre em plantas jovens e adultas. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da aplicação preventiva e curativa de fosfitos sobre a incidência e a severidade da PBE em mudas de pupunheira, em casa de vegetação. Para tal, três experimentos foram conduzidos, conforme segue: I - Efeito preventivo e curativo de fosfitos, seguindo o esquema fatorial 6 x 2 (tipos de fosfitos x épocas de aplicação); II - Efeito da aplicação preventiva de fosfito de potássio, seguindo o esquema fatorial 6 x 4 (número de aplicações x épocas de avaliação); e III - Efeito preventivo do número de aplicações e dosagens de fosfitos de potássio, seguindo o esquema fatorial 3 x 2 (dosagens x número de aplicações). A severidade da doença foi avaliada aos 28 dias no experimento I e no experimento III, enquanto no experimento II foi avaliada aos 7; 14; 21 e 28 dias após a inoculação, baseada em escala descritiva, com nota de 0 a 4. Os tratamentos foram dispostos no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 10 repetições de uma muda cada. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e, quando significativos, pelo teste F (p < 0,05), e as médias dos tratamentos foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. Pelos resultados obtidos, pôde-se concluir que o fosfito de potássio proporcionou melhor controle entre os fosfitos testados, e quando aplicado de forma preventiva na dosagem de 2,5 mL.L-1 com 3 aplicações e na dosagem de 5,0 mL.L-1 com 2 ou 3 aplicações, reduziu significativamente a incidência e a severidade da PBE em mudas de pupunheira. Entretanto, quando aplicado de forma curativa, não teve efeito, independentemente da dosagem ou do número de aplicações. A melhor época de avaliação da severidade da PBE foi aos 21 dias após a inoculação da Phytopthora palmivora.
Application of nitrogen sources on grapevines and effect on yield and must composition
Authors: Brunetto Gustavo , Ceretta Carlos Alberto , Melo George Wellington Bastos de , Girotto Eduardo , Ferreira Paulo Ademar Avelar
Published: February 2014

This study was carried out to evaluate the yield, total N content in leaves and must composition of grapes from the Cabernet Sauvignon variety subjected to the application of urea and organic compost. Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines in Rosário do Sul, RS, Brazil, in 2008, 2009 and 2010 were subjected to annual application of 40 kg N ha-1 in the form of organic compost and urea, and compared to unfertilized grapevines. In the 2008/09, 2009/10 and 2010/11 crop seasons, leaves were collected for analysis of total N content. At maturation of the grapes, the yield and quality attributes of the must were evaluated. The application of N sources, especially organic compost, increased the N content in the whole leaf at full flowering. Application of organic compost and urea has little effect on grape yield and does not affect the total nutrient content in the must, nor the enological attributes.
Caracterização morfológica e molecular de genótipos de mangaba
Authors: Silva Simone Alves , Cruz Elizangela Mércia de Oliveira , Reis Ronaldo Viana dos , Ferreira Claudia Fortes , Passos Adriana Rodrigues
Published: February 2014

O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a divergência genética entre 25 genótipos de mangaba da região de Iramaia-Chapada Diamantina-Bahia, utilizando os marcadores morfológicos e os marcadores RAPD. As seguintes aferições foram realizadas nos frutos maduros: diâmetro longitudinal (DL) e transversal (DT), massas do fruto (MF), da semente (MS) e da polpa (MP), rendimento de polpa (%P) e a contagem do número de sementes (NS). Os caracteres químicos avaliados no fruto maduro foram: pH, acidez (Ac), sólidos solúveis totais (SST), ácido ascórbico (AA), açúcar total (ACT) açúcar redutor (ACR), açúcar não redutor (ACNR) e relação sólidos solúveis totais: acidez (SST/Ac). Para a amplificação, foram testados 51 random primers. Os resultados médios das aferições foram: DL (37,03 mm), DT (34,34 mm), MF (24,45 g), MS (2,42 g), MP (22,03 g), e NS (11,14). Para as avaliações químicas, foram verificados os resultados médios: %P (88,44%), AA (80,23 mg 100 g-1), Ac (0,96%), pH (3,67), SST (14,15 ºBrix), ACT (9,26 mg 100 g-1), ACR (5,13 mg 100 g-1), ACNR (4,13 mg 100g-1) e SST/Ac (14,56 mg 100g-1). Oito random primers foram selecionados por apresentarem bandas mais intensas, e seis (OPA 08, OPB 12, OPB 19, OPH 15, OPH 18 e OPH 19) geraram 28 regiões de bandas polimórficas. Dentre os marcadores morfológicos, MF e MP foram os que mais efetivamente contribuíram para a divergência genética. A formação de seis e sete grupos para os marcadores moleculares e morfológicos, respectivamente, indicou a presença de variabilidade genética na população avaliada.
Nutritional potential of green banana flour obtained by drying in spouted bed
Authors: Bezerra Carolina Vieira , Rodrigues Antonio Manoel da Cruz , Amante Edna Regina , Silva Luiza Helena Meller da
Published: February 2014

This study evaluated the chemical composition of peeled and unpeeled green banana Cavendish (AAA) flour obtained by drying in spouted bed, aiming at adding nutritional value to food products. The bananas were sliced and crushed to obtain a paste and fed to the spouted bed dryer (12 cm height and T = 80 ºC) in order to obtain flour. The flours obtained were subjected to analysis of moisture, protein, ash, carbohydrates, total starch, resistant starch, fiber. The green banana flours, mainly unpeeled, are good sources of fiber and resistant starch with an average of 21.91g/100g and 68.02g/100g respectively. The protein content was found in an average of 4.76g/100g, being classified as a low biological value protein with lysine as the first limiting amino acid. The results showed that unpeeled green banana flour obtained by spouted bed drying can be a valuable tool to add nutritional value to products in order to increase their non-digestible fraction.
Avaliação da morfologia interna de sementes de Acca sellowiana O. Berg por meio de análise de imagens
Authors: Silva Vanessa Neumann , Sarmento Marcelo Benevenga , Silveira Ana Carolina , Silva Clarissa Santos , Cicero Silvio Moure
Published: February 2014

Acca sellowiana O. (Berg) Burret é uma fruteira nativa da região Sul do Brasil e do Uruguai, que apresenta grande potencial de uso na recuperação de áreas degradadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a morfologia interna de sementes de Acca sellowiana O. Berg por meio da análise de imagens de raios X e relacionar os resultados com a germinação das sementes. Sementes de Acca sellowiana O. Berg, representadas por três lotes, foram analisadas pelo teste de raios X e, posteriormente, conduzidas ao teste de germinação, com avaliação aos 44 dias após a semeadura. As imagens de raios X foram analisadas com o software ImageJ. A análise das imagens radiográficas de sementes de Acca sellowiana permite a mensuração das áreas internas livres, assim como a determinação da relação entre estas e a germinação. Danos internos detectados por meio de raios X afetam a germinação das sementes.
Controle de moscas-das-frutas (diptera: tephritidae) em cultivo orgânico de ameixa pelo ensacamento dos frutos com diferentes materiais
Authors: Hernandes José Luiz , Blain Gabriel Constantino , Pedro Júnior Mário José
Published: February 2014

Considerando a importância das moscas-das-frutas para a fruticultura e a importância da fruticultura de caroço para o Estado de São Paulo, foi instalado experimento em cultivo comercial no município de Jundiaí-SP, com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência do ensacamento de ameixas em cultivo orgânico. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: testemunha (sem proteção), sacolas de papel branco impermeável, sacolas de tecido não tecido (TNT) branco, de diferentes dimensões, e sacolas de polipropileno microperfuradas transparentes. O ensacamento dos frutos foi efetuado em 30-09-2011, quando eles apresentavam cerca de um a dois centímetros de diâmetro, em pomar que não recebeu nenhum tratamento fitossanitário para controle de moscas. A colheita dos frutos foi realizada em 30-12-2011, e os frutos avaliados em relação à coloração e à perda pelo ataque de moscas, na colheita e na pós-colheita. Todos os tratamentos avaliados controlaram a mosca-das-frutas, destacando-se o TNT, com apenas 4% de infestação dos frutos, podendo-se concluir ser este material eficiente para redução de perdas, podendo viabilizar o cultivo orgânico da ameixa.
Primary intraocular chondrosarcoma in a dog
Authors: Perlmann E. , Morales A. , Góes A.C.A. , Dagli M.L.Z. , Barros P.S.M.
Published: February 2014

A five-year-old male Cocker Spaniel was presented for evaluation of the right eye due to discomfort, abundant purulent discharge and progressive enlargement of the eyeball. The owner revealed that the right eye has appeared to be inflamed and smaller then the left eye for years. Ophthalmic examination revealed corneal perforation, buphthalmia and conjuctival hyperemia. Enucleating was performed due to signs of endophthalmitis and ocular discomfort. Histopathology revealed a multilobulated proliferation of chondrocytes producing hyaline cartilage with occasional pleomorphism and binucleate cells. A diagnosis of primary intraocular chondrosarcoma was done.
Different fasting periods in tiletamine-zolezepam-anethetized cats: Glycemia, recovery, blood-gas and cardiorrespiratory parameters
Authors: Gering A.P. , Nunes N. , Oliveira M.C.C. , Horr M. , Lopes P.C.F. , Tormena A.A.
Published: February 2014

The effects of different fasting periods on glycemia levels and on cardiorrespiratory parameters in tiletamine-zolazepam-anesthetized cats were evaluated. Twenty one animals were randomly assigned to three groups: 8 hours (G8), 12 hours (G12) or 18 hours (G18) of the preoperative fasting. The tiletamine-zolazepam (2 mg/kg) was administered intravenously. The heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (fR), rectal temperature (T R), glycemia (G), laboratorial glycemia (Glab), venous oxygen partial pressure (PvO2), venous carbon dioxide partial pressure (PvCO2), venous hemoglobin saturation (SvO2), pH, base deficit (BD), bicarbonate concentration (HCO3- ) and haematocrit were evaluated at 90 minutes after the last meal (T0), immediately before anesthesia (T1) and at ten (T2) and thirty (T3) minutes after tiletamine-zolezepam administration. The time between the administration of anesthetic and the cat's trial to elevate head (Th) and the interval between drug administration and aniamal's quadrupedal position (Tqp) were recorded. No differences among groups were recorded for glycemia, HR, PvO2, SvO2, pH, BD, HCO3-, Ht and Tqp. In G12 from T2, glycemia increased and from T1 PvCO2 decreased. At T1, PvO2 increased in all groups. In G8 and G12, from T1, DB and HCO3- decreased. In G12 and G18, from T2, Ht decreased. In G12, the Th mean was higher than G8. In conclusion, in tiletamine-zolazepam-anesthetized cats, the different preoperative fasting did not influence glycemia, blood-gas and cardiorrespiratory parameters. Additionally, there was no relationship between glycemia and anesthesia recovery.
Características morfológicas do pelame de vacas holandesas puras por cruza na região semiárida de Minas Gerais
Authors: Mata e Silva B.C. , Almeida A.C. , Marques L.C.G. , Porto B.R. , Durães C.R.S. , Carvalho Júnior I.S. , Colen F.
Published: February 2014

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as características morfológicas como densidade numérica e espessura do pelame e comprimento dos pelos de vacas Holandesas predominantemente negras, puras por cruza em lactação na região de Montes Claros no norte de Minas Gerais. O estudo foi conduzido em duas fases, A: julho/agosto e B: outubro/novembro de 2010, utilizando 12 fêmeas Holandesas em lactação, puras por cruza de pelame predominante negro. Foram medidas as características de densidade numérica (nº pelos/cm²), espessura (mm), comprimento (mm) e a temperatura da superfície do pelame (TPE). Os resultados mostraram que o pelame foi menos denso, com pelos mais curtos na fase B, no entanto a espessura não variou entre as duas fases. No período em que ocorreu maior densidade numérica houve menor TPE. As características do pelame das vacas Holandesas puras por cruza observadas indicam uma boa adequação às condições ambientais da região em estudo.
Assassinatos de travestis e "pais de santo" no Brasil: homofobia, transfobia e intolerância religiosa
Authors: Fernandes Felipe Bruno Martins
Published: February 2014

O texto aborda a vulnerabilidade de travestis e homens homossexuais ligados às religiões afro-brasileiras à violência letal no Brasil, onde não há legislação específica para caracterizar crime homofóbico ou transfóbico. É focado na Teoria Queer, que reconhece certas posições sociais como desprezíveis. Trabalha a relação entre sexualidade, raça e religião para refletir a violência letal contra gays e trans de camadas populares, pobres, negras e mestiças. Conclui refletindo sobre as respostas produzidas por ativistas LGBT e estudiosos envolvidos em reflexões queer, bem como sobre propostas de políticas públicas para combater a homofobia e a intolerância religiosa contra grupos subalternos.
Comunicação em pediatria: revisão sistemática de literatura
Authors: Kohlsdorf Marina , Costa-Junior Áderson Luiz
Published: February 2014

A qualidade da comunicação em Pediatria influencia diretamente o sucesso do tratamento, ao promover níveis satisfatórios de adesão, retenção de informações e acolhimento a demandas biopsicossociais. Constituiu objetivo deste trabalho realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura referente à comunicação em pediatria publicada entre 2000 e 2010. Foram selecionados trabalhos incluídos nas bases de dados PubMed/MedLine, Bireme/BVS e ScienceDirect, Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior e SciELO. Os 61 trabalhos selecionados indicam prevalência de delineamentos descritivos e técnicas de análise qualitativas e quantitativas, em detrimento de estudos experimentais e uso de técnicas mistas para análise de dados. A literatura indica a importância da inclusão do paciente pediátrico no processo de comunicação e do acolhimento a demandas psicossociais, destacando que programas para melhoria da comunicação têm obtido bons resultados. Destaca-se a importância de estudos sistemáticos que possibilitem compreender os fatores envolvidos na comunicação em pediatria e a inserção de programas psicossociais eficientes.
Desafios na implantação, desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade da Política de Educação Permanente em Saúde no Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Nicoletto Sônia Cristina Stefano , Bueno Vera Lúcia Ribeiro de Carvalho , Nunes Elisabete de Fátima Polo de Almeida , Cordoni Júnior Luiz , González Alberto Durán , Mendonça Fernanda de Freitas , Brevilheri Eliane Cristina Lopes , Carvalho Gisele dos Santos
Published: February 2014

Busca-se compreender o processo de implantação, desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade da Política Nacional de Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) no Paraná. Os dados são de nove grupos focais realizados em municípios das macrorregiões do Paraná. Participaram 77 sujeitos oriundos dos Polos Regionais de Educação Permanente em Saúde (Preps). A implantação descentralizada de 22 Preps permitiu maior capilaridade e valorização dos espaços locorregionais. As instituições de ensino tiveram papel relevante. Houve ampla articulação em torno da formação e do desenvolvimento dos trabalhadores da saúde, com destaque para o curso de formação de facilitadores em EPS. O processo vivenciado esteve permeado por dificuldades/facilidades. Comprometimento dos gestores com a política, a prática da avaliação e a mudança do modelo gerencial verticalizado foram apontados como condições para a sustentabilidade da EPS. Os modos operativos da política foram praticados/experimentados de forma única no Paraná. Como idealizada a EPS precisa ser uma política e não um programa de governo.
(A falta de) Controle social das políticas municipais de saneamento: um estudo em quatro municípios de Minas Gerais
Authors: Piterman Ana , Heller Léo , Rezende Sonaly Cristina
Published: February 2014

Tem sido crescentemente acentuada a ênfase normativa para a participação social e o controle das políticas públicas de saneamento no Brasil, o que recebeu reforço com o marco legal para o setor, que destaca a importância da intersetorialidade, do planejamento e do fortalecimento do controle social. Diante desse quadro, como estariam os poderes locais, titulares dos serviços, se organizando para planejar as suas políticas de saneamento? As questões de saneamento estão presentes nas discussões no âmbito de instâncias municipais destinadas ao controle social, incluindo conselhos de políticas urbanas, da saúde, das cidades, da habitação e do meio ambiente? Para essas questões, buscaram-se respostas em conselhos urbanos situados em quatro municípios de portes populacionais distintos, pertencentes à Bacia do Rio das Velhas, em Minas Gerais: Contagem, Nova Lima, Sete Lagoas e Vespasiano. O estudo é delineado pela visão da atuação dos conselheiros e sua percepção quanto à inclusão da temática do saneamento na agenda dos conselhos, bem como à importância conferida ao tema. As análises de documentos oficiais dos conselhos e de entrevistas realizadas com conselheiros mostraram que, na ausência de instâncias formais de controle social, específicas para a área, são as instâncias de participação constituídas para outras políticas públicas que recebem os temas do setor de saneamento; contudo, eles encontram-se à margem do processo de implementação das políticas. Observam-se, assim, insuficiências e precariedades no processo de participação desenvolvido, resultando em sua incapacidade de exercer controle sobre a política pública de saneamento local.