bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHASE STABILITY OF TiPtZr SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS USING CLUSTER EXPANSION TECHNIQUES
Authors: Mashamaite Mordecai , Ngoepe Phuti , Chauke Hasani
Published: November 2022

Titanium-Platinum (TiPt) has a martensitic transformation of about 1300 K, making it potential material for use as a high-temperature shape memory alloy. A third element is expected to improve the properties of TiPt alloys for future use in the aerospace industry. In this study, the effect of the addition of Zr on the stability of TiPt was investigated using the cluster expansion method employing the UNCLE code. A total of 21 new structures on the Pt site and 22 new structures on the Ti site were generated. Only seven (7) structures constituted the ground-state line for the Pt site, and six (6) structures for the Ti site, which suggested that these structures were the most thermodynamically stable phases. The ZrTi2Pt phase was the most thermodynamic stable with heats of a formation value of - 0.455 eV/atom on the Pt site. Thus, a phase diagram for the TiPtZr system was constructed. The findings of this study could benefit the design of new materials in the aerospace industry.
Being grateful to Georg Simmel. Emotions, gratitude, and the relational concern of sociology in the globalized society
Authors: Ruggieri Davide
Published: November 2022

This paper argues for a sociological and relational concern of “gratitude” in Simmel’s thought as a key feature of human interaction as well as a key “emotive disposition” (Stimmung) to engage with the challenges of modern society. Georg Simmel is undoubtedly one of the most crucial theorists and a pillar in the social sciences, and his theoretical contribution also stands as the foundation of relational sociology stricto sensu. He taught that interactions supporting social processes must be investigated as forms of relations. A relation is a precise mode of being connected to others; it is a tie emerging from reciprocal action and acquires its consistency by generating causal effects on involved actors. Among his main insights within the sociological tradition, Simmel’s excellent concepts and arguments engage emotions as a sociological matter, that is, under a relational aspect. Not only do emotions have sociological relevance (that is, they are a worthy subject for sociologists), but they also characterize the precise manner of interaction among individuals. Emotions are the relational effect of being associated in an increasingly differentiated society, which apparently only neutralizes individuals’ emotive sides, or else instrumentally drives or “colonizes” them. Simmel explored gratitude as a particular emotion that is a form of relation and interaction: it has an eccentric position among the other emotions that he investigated in his many essays. Gratitude represents a non-symmetrical or economic (exchangeable) “transactive” emotion: it puts the giver and receiver in a peculiar socio-emotional form of reciprocity. By considering relations, emotions, and gratitude through rigorous textual exploration, this paper tackles Simmel’s view and challenges a globalized world and hybridized digital society. Finally, gratitude could be regarded as a demarcation criterion for identifying and distinguishing social interaction forms from other kinds of non-social processes or transactions.
Effect of visual imagery in COVID-19 social media posts on users’ perception
Authors: Al-nuwaiser Waleed M.
Published: November 2022

People receive a wide variety of news from social media. They especially look for information on social media in times of crisis with the desire to assess the risk they face. This risk assessment, and other aspects of user reactions, may be affected by characteristics of the social media post relaying certain information. Thus, it is critical to understand these characteristics to deliver information with the reactions in mind. This study investigated various types of imagery used as thumbnails in social media posts regarding news about the COVID-19 pandemic. In an experimental design, 300 participants viewed social media posts containing each of the three types of imagery: data visualization (directly about risk information), advisory (not containing direct risk information, but instead help on how to lower risk), or clickbait (containing no risk-related information, just generic visuals). After observing the social media posts, they answered questionnaires measuring their emotions (valence, arousal, and dominance), risk perception, perceived credibility of the post, and engagement. The participants also indicated their emotions towards and interest in COVID-19 news coverage, age, gender, and how often and actively they use social media. These variables acted as controls. The data were analysed using mixed linear models. Results indicated that advisory imagery positively influenced valence, arousal, dominance, credibility, and (lower) risk perception. Alternatively, imagery showing data visualizations yielded low valence, arousal, dominance, credibility, and high risk perception. Clickbait-styled thumbnails which carry no information are usually measured between the other two types. The type of imagery did not affect the motivation to engage with a post. Aside from visual imagery, most variables were affected by COVID sentiment and the usual activity on social media. These study results indicate that one should use advisory imagery for more comfortable news delivery and data visualization when the poster wishes to warn users of existing risks.
Association of polymorphic variants in GEMIN genes with the risk of depression in a Polish population
Authors: Kowalczyk Mateusz , Kowalczyk Edward , Gogolewska Monika , Skrzypek Maciej , Talarowska Monika , Majsterek Ireneusz , Poplawski Tomasz , Kwiatkowski Paweł , Sienkiewicz Monika
Published: November 2022

Background

The role of miRNA in depression is widely described by many researchers. miRNA is a final product of many genes involved in its formation (maturation). One of the final steps in the formation of miRNAs is the formation of the RISC complex, called the RNA-induced silencing complex, which includes, among others, GEMIN proteins. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may lead to disturbance of miRNA biogenesis and function. The objective of our research was to assess the relationship between the appearance of depression and single nucleotide polymorphisms in the GEMIN3 (rs197388) and GEMIN4 (rs7813; rs3744741) genes. Our research provides new knowledge on the genetic factors that influence the risk of depression. They can be used as an element of diagnostics helpful in identifying people at increased risk, as well as indicating people not at risk of depression.

Methods

A total of 218 participants were examined, including individuals with depressive disorders (n = 102; study group) and healthy people (n = 116, control group). All the patients in the study group and the people in the control group were non-related native Caucasian Poles from central Poland. Blood was collected from study and control groups in order to assess the SNPs of GEMIN genes.

Results

An analysis of the results obtained showed that in patient population, the risk of depression is almost doubled by polymorphic variants of the genes: rs197388/GEMIN3 genotype A/A in the recessive model and rs3744741/GEMIN4 genotype T/T, codominant and recessive model. The dual role of rs7813/GEMIN4 is noteworthy, where the G/A genotype in the codominant and over dominant model protects against depression.
Metagenomics Comparison of Buruli and Non Buruli Ulcer Skin Wound
Authors: Singh Anushka , Yadav Ruchi
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Buruli Ulcer (BU) is caused due to mycobacteria, namely Mycobacterium ulcerans. Buruli ulcer is caused by the mycolactones that are secreted by the Mycobacterium ulcerans which results into the tissue necrosis. Metagenomics is a branch of genomics that deals with the study of uncultured microbial genomes present in natural samples like human body parts, environmental samples, food and dairy, disease conditions. Metagenomics branch has enabled us to explore and elucidate the importance of microbial genomes in healthy and infected samples. Aim: To evaluate metagenomic and microbial analysis of buruli and non buruli ulcer skin wound samples along with structural and functional analysis of MUL_3720. Materials and Methods: European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) database was used to retrieve metagenome data of BU and non BU skin lesions with the project id PRJEB14948. The study was conducted from May 2021 to January 2022 at Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India. Galaxy server was used for the metagenomics analysis from quality control to identification and classification of microbial community in the samples. Different tools from the Galaxy like FASTQC, Trim Galore, KRAKEN2, convert kraken, Krona pie chart tools were used for metagenomic analysis and for taxonomic classification of microbes. Finally, Krona pie chart was generated that gives an elaborate understanding of the different microbes and their percentage in the BU. Complete annotation like protein structure prediction, domain analysis of MUL_3720 protein of Mycobacterium ulcerans was also done as potential drug target against BU. Statistical analysis was done using Krona pie chart generation and prediction. Results: Metagenomic analysis shows that there is difference in microbiome of BU and non BU samples. Differential microbes identified were Mycobacteriacae 1-2%, Sporomusa species 18-22% and Desulfovibrio halophillus 24-25%. Bacteria which were present in both the samples are Actiniidae, Desulfovibrio halophillus, Sphingomonas, and Mycobacteriacae. Structural and functional annotation of MUL_3720 protein of Mycobacterium ulcerans shows that MUL_3720 protein can be potential drug target for drug discovery. Conclusion: This study highlights the metagenome of Buruli Ulcer skin wound and can be used to identify potential drug targets for Buruli Ulcer. Metagenomic analysis of BU and non BU skin wound shows that there is difference in microbial community hence this information can be used in proper diagnostic and medication to combat Buruli Ulcer disease.
Classical Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Presenting as Erythroderma
Authors: Parimalam Kumar , Priyavathani R , Rajkumar Kannan , Manipriya Rajan , Supriya Elangovan
Published: November 2022

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (HL) with direct cutaneous involvement is uncommon, unlike non specific paraneoplastic skin changes, which can occur during the course of the disease. Direct cutaneous infiltration commonly affects the chest and manifests as papules and plaques. Nodules in some patients may ulcerate. Paraneoplastic manifestations can be eczematous itchy papules or lichenified plaques adjacent to the affected lymph nodes. Authors’ reported a case of a 31-year-old female with erythroderma, of 4 months duration, who did not respond to treatment with corticosteroids and cyclosporine. Skin biopsy showed minimal epidermotropism without mitotic cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed CD3, CD4, CD5 and CD8 positivity and CD15, CD 20 negativity. She had frequent exacerbations while on treatment with steroids. Amongst this confusing clinical picture, it was the emergence of an axillary lymph node, after two months of initiating treatment which on histopathology was compatible with HL and on IHC positive for CD3, CD20 and CD30 and negative for CD15. These findings confirmed the diagnosis as classical HL. This case is being reported to highlight the importance of thorough clinical examination with particular reference to lymph node screening.
Comparison of Laser-assisted and Conventional Flap Surgery with Hydroxyapatite Crystals in the Treatment of Intrabony Defects under Magnification- A Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Gangolu Meghana , Pasupuleti Mohan Kumar , Penmetsa Gautami S , Gottumukkala NVS Sruthima , Konathala Santosh Venkata Ramesh , Balivada Bharghavi Patnaik , Karuturi Lahari
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Achieving regeneration of the lost periodontal structures after surgical approach plays a major role. This healing can be interrupted due to the presence of invasive bacteria which is present in the periodontal tissues. Aim: To compare laser-assisted and conventional flap surgery using microsurgical instruments and under surgical operating microscope with hydroxyapatite graft in the treatment of intrabony defects. Materials and Methods: This prospective randomised split-mouth clinical study was conducted in Department of Periodontology at Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India, from June 2020 to December 2021. A total of 24 bilateral intrabony defects were selected for the study. Control sites (n=12) received the graft after conventional open flap debridement. In the test group (n=12), graft placement was done followed by laser irradiation with diode laser (980 nm, power: 3.0 W; frequency 2.5 KHz) for 30 seconds. The entire flap surgery procedure was performed under Surgical Operating Microscope (SOM). Clinical parameters such as plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, relative attachment level, were assessed at 3 months and 6 months. Healing index was assessed after 7 days of surgery. Radiographic parameters were assessed at baseline and 6 months using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Descriptive statistics, Independent samples t-test, repeated measures analysis of variance and Paired t-tests were used in data analysis. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 software. Results: Intragroup comparison showed statistical significance in all clinical and radiographical parameters (p-value<0.001). Intergroup comparison between the test and control group did not show any statistical significance in terms of plaque index, gingival index, relative Clinical attachment level, probing depth (p-value≥0.05). Intragroup comparison of the depth of defect was statistically significant in both test (p-value=0.011) and control groups (p-values=0.002). Intergroup comparison did not show any statistical significance in linear bone fill (p-value=0.1). Intergroup comparison did not show any statistical significance in defect angle (p-value=0.773). No statistical significance was obtained in percentage fill (p-value=0.074). Intergroup comparison did not show any statistical significance in the clinical and radiographical parameters. Conclusion: The additional laser irradiation at the test site did not exhibit any significant benefits in the bone regeneration. All the outcomes were similar in test and control group.
Synthesis and Characterization (Electrical and Optical) of TiO2 Doped with MnO2
Authors: Amakoromo T. E.
Published: November 2022

TiO2 is vastly used in several industries due to its several properties, its wide bandgap and poor ionic conductivity has however hampered its application in the energy industry. In this work, TiO2 has been doped with MnO2 to produce thin films. The doping was carried out in 5, 10 and 15 wt% of MnO2 and the resultant films characterized (uv/vis photospectroscopy and 4-point probe conductivity test). It was observed that the electrical conductivity was highly improved as was observed in the conductivity test which showed the conductivity of pure TiO2 at 0.0100Ω-1m-1, increase to 0.0217 Ω-1m-1 at 5wt% of MnO2 , and to 0.0409Ω-1m-1 at 10wt%  and finally to 0.0749wt Ω-1m-1 at 15wt% of MnO2.   The improvement in the conducting properties were also made evident by the drastic reduction in the bandgap energy of TiO2  which reduced for 3.2eV of pure TiO2 to 2.7eV, 2.2eV and 1.7eV for 5wt%, 10wt% and 15wt% MnO2 respectively. These bandgap values were obtained from kebulka-monk plots made by the reflectance readings of the UV/VIS.
Variations in Oxidative and Antioxidant Responses of Rice Plant to Arsenic Contaminated Areas of Assam
Authors: Dutta Amrit , Baruah Akhil R. , Gogoi Bhabesh , Baruah Ananta M. , Sen Surojit , Rathi Sunayana
Published: November 2022

Rice is a common food in the state of Assam, and because it is grown in arsenic contaminated soil, eating it might expose people to arsenic. Standard procedures were used while analysing arsenic content in various parts of rice plant and other biochemical indicators related to arsenic stress. In descending order, the rice plant's parts that accumulate arsenic are root, straw, leaf, husk, and grain. With a reduction in the build-up of arsenic, it was observed that the catalase activity increased, although the ascorbic acid oxidase activity, hydrogen peroxide content, malondialdehyde content, and proline content all decreased. It is clear from the current study that the amount of arsenic in the rice grain (0.094 to 0.147 ppm) is below the permissible limit prescribed by FAO/WHO, but since the local population typically eats rice three times a day, which may cause bioaccumulation so efforts can be made to check arsenic in the cooked rice as well.
Editorial
Authors: King Lesley
Published: November 2022

In his book The Songlines (1988), Bruce Chatwin describes how as a young man he awoke one morning to find himself blind. Understandably he smartly sought a medical consultation. His consultant suggested that he had been en-grossed in examining paintings in fine detail for too long (he was an art expert at Sotheby's), and should take time to explore long horizons. His sight had returned by the time he reached the airport.
I read about this in Australia's Northern Territory, a place of long and broad horizons. I was clearing my head, perhaps my vision, after a period of intense focus both within my practice and in our Association as a whole. Professions call for such a focus, and psychotherapy is no exception.
Modular Multilevel Converters for HVDC Systems
Authors: Mehrabankhomartash Mahmoud , Saeedifard Maryam
Published: November 2022

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has become a well‐established converter topology for medium/high‐power energy conversion systems, particularly for high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems. In this paper, a general overview of the basics of operation of the MMC along with its control challenges and objectives are discussed.
Fault Diagnosis of Induction Motors, Introduction
Authors: Riera‐Guasp Martín , Martínez‐Román Javier , Puche‐Panadero Rubén , Valencia Jordi Burriel , Bañó Angel Sapena , Pérez‐Cruz Juan , Pineda‐Sánchez Manuel
Published: November 2022

This article is intended as an introduction to the field of induction machine fault diagnosis. Its objective is to give an overview of the problems that arise in this field and the methodologies used to solve them, so that readers are given access to the abundant available technical literature. In the first part of the article, basic concepts and terminology used in this field are introduced. A classification of the different types of faults is made, and the concepts of on‐line, off‐line, stationary or transitory diagnosis, and diagnostic methodologies in the time domain, frequency domain, or the time–frequency domain are explained. The most widely used mathematical tools are also introduced in a conceptual way and are related to the previous concepts. In the second part of the article, a section is dedicated to each of the main types of faults. In each case, the causes of the fault, the consequences, and the physical phenomena they produce are explained. These physical phenomena are the basis of the fault diagnosis techniques, which are explained below. For each type of fault, the most widely used methodologies in the industrial field are presented, and in some cases alternative methods proposed in the literature, aimed at solving specific problems, are also commented. Throughout the article numerous examples based on laboratory tests and measurements obtained under real operating conditions are presented, which facilitate the understanding of the concepts being explained.
From Contaminated to Highly Lithiated Interfaces: A Versatile Modification Strategy for Garnet Solid Electrolytes
Authors: Yang Xuerui , Tang Shijun , Zheng Chenxi , Ren Fucheng , Huang Yaxin , Fei Xinjie , Yang Wu , Pan Siyu , Gong Zhengliang , Yang Yong
Published: November 2022

The surface chemistry of garnet electrolyte is sensitive to air exposure. The poor LLZO/Li interface caused by Li2CO3/LiOH contaminants on garnet electrolyte surface easily induces large interfacial resistance resulting in the growth of Li dendrites. Herein, a versatile modification strategy is designed to convert the contaminants on Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO) surface into a LiF and Li2PO3F‐rich lithiophilic interface by targeted chemical reactions at the interface between LiPO2F2 and Li2CO3/LiOH. The newly formed LiF‐Li2PO3F interfacial layer not only facilitates the interface wettability between Li and LLZTO, but also helps to resist corrosion of the LLZTO surface by moisture in the air. The Li|LiF&Li2PO3F‐LLZTO|Li symmetric cell exhibits a low interfacial resistance of 5.1 Ω cm2 and ultrastable galvanostatic cycling, over 1500 h at 0.6 mA cm−2 and over 70 h at 1.0 mA cm−2. In addition, LiCoO2|LiF&Li2PO3F‐LLZTO|Li hybrid solid‐state full cells display high initial specific capacity of 192 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, and excellent cycling stability with a capacity retention over 76% even after 1000 cycles at 0.5 C at a high cut‐off voltage of 4.5 V. This study provides a simple and practical strategy for the feasibility of the application of high‐voltage cathodes in this modified garnet all‐solid‐state batteries.
LBL Noninvasively Peelable Biointerfacial Adhesives for Cutaneo‐Inspired pH/Tactility Artificial Receptors
Authors: Yuan Renqiang , Yang Ning , Li Weikun , Liu Zonghao , Feng Fang , Zhang Qianli , Ge Liqin
Published: November 2022

Besides barrier functions, skin possesses multiple sentiences to external stimuli (e.g., temperature, force, and humidity) for human‐outside interaction. Thus, skincare should be taken very seriously, especially by patients with sensory disorders. However, currently available skin‐mimicking devices are always limited by so much insufficient response functions and nontunable interface behaviors so as not to realize precise health monitoring and self‐defense against injury. Herein, a bioinspired cutaneous receptor‐perceptual system (CRPS) patch is presented, integrating hybrid pH indicators and triboelectric nanogenerators into biointerface film‐adhesives that are fabricated through facile layer‐by‐layer (LBL) self‐assembly of amide and Schiff‐base linkages between alginate grafted with N‐hydroxysuccinimide ester (AN), tannic acid (TA), and polyethylenimine (PEI). This CRPS patch is adhered robustly to the soft‐curved skin surface without failure via “molecular suturing,” and amino acid enables its benign peel‐on‐demand from tissue interfaces. Postdamage self‐healing brings it without surgical reoperation, avoiding extra cost, pain, as well as infection risks. Significantly, CRPS patches as artificial chemo/mechanoreceptors can remotely visualize skin physiological status by pH‐induced chromism using smartphones and prevent skin contact injury by tactility‐driven self‐powered electrical signals. Overall, the LBL‐based strategy to create controllably biointerface‐adhesive CRPS patches will usher in a new era of the mobihealth care platform supporting smart diagnosis and self‐protection.
Photonic Technology for In Vivo Monitoring of Hypoxia–Ischemia
Authors: Olaetxea Ion , Lafuente Hector , Lopez Eneko , Izeta Ander , Jaunarena Ibon , Seifert Andreas
Published: November 2022

Surveillance of physiological parameters of newborns during delivery triggers medical decision‐making, can rescue life and health, and helps avoid unnecessary cesareans. Here, the development of a photonic technology for monitoring perinatal asphyxia is presented and validated in vivo in a preclinical stage. Contrary to state of the art, the technology provides continuous data in real‐time in a non‐invasive manner. Moreover, the technology does not rely on a single parameter as pH or lactate, instead monitors changes of the entirety of physiological parameters accessible by Raman spectroscopy. By a fiber‐coupled Raman probe that is in controlled contact with the skin of the subject, near‐infrared Raman spectra are measured and analyzed by machine learning algorithms to develop classification models. As a performance benchmarking, various hybrid and non‐hybrid classifiers are tested. In an asphyxia model in newborn pigs, more than 1000 Raman spectra are acquired at three different clinical phases—basal condition, hypoxia–ischemia, and post‐hypoxia–ischemia stage. In this preclinical proof‐of‐concept study, figures of merit reach 90% levels for classifying the clinical phases and demonstrate the power of the technology as an innovative medical tool for diagnosing a perinatal adverse outcome.
Investing in Black LGBTQ+ liberation as white people: A call to action for community psychology
Authors: Schlehofer Michele M. , Wagner Kathryn , Bramande Emily A. , Lambert Amy , Rivera Allyson , Olortegui Ashley , Demond Whitney
Published: November 2022

Due to systemic racialized homophobia and transphobia, Black lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) people continue to experience worse life outcomes in comparison to both their Black cisgender and heterosexual, and White LGBTQ+ counterparts. Community psychologists have the tools and training to address these disparities. Using a critical whiteness studies lens, we draw on qualitative data with 17 White LGBTQ+ people to describe how white supremacy manifests in LGBTQ+ spaces. Our research indicates White LGBTQ+ people want to create intersectional spaces but lack the necessary skills to effectively confront anti‐Black racism. This resulted in actions which upheld and reinforced white supremacy, despite stated commitments to Black LGBTQ+ liberation. We conclude with recommendations for community psychologists, including engaging in intersectional coalition‐building, training centered around queer critical race theory, working to address racialized homophobia and transphobia alongside existing efforts to deconstruct anti‐Black racism within community psychology, and consciousness‐raising work with White people involved in LGBTQ+ equality movements to dismantle white supremacist structures within their organizations.
Zirkonkarbid ermöglicht verkokungsresistente Methan‐Trockenreformierung auf Nickel‐Zirkon‐Katalysatoren
Authors: Haug Leander , Thurner Christoph , Bekheet Maged F. , Bischoff Benjamin , Gurlo Aleksander , Kunz Martin , Sartory Bernhard , Penner Simon , Klötzer Bernhard
Published: November 2022

Graphitische Ablagerungen lösen sich in Ni0‐Nanopartikeln auf, um rezyklierte CH4‐Adsorptionsstellen und oberflächennahe/gelöste C‐Atome bereitzustellen, die zur Ni0/ZrO2‐Grenzfläche wandern und eine lokale ZrxCy‐Bildung induzieren. Die daraus resultierenden sauerstoffarmen karbidischen Phasengrenzflächen unterstützen die Kinetik der CO2‐Aktivierung zu CO(g). Dieser Grenzflächen‐Karbid‐Mechanismus ermöglicht einen verstärkten Übertritt von Kohlenstoff auf den ZrO2‐Träger und stellt einen alternativen Weg der Katalysatorregeneration im Vergleich zum umgekehrten Sauerstoffübertritt auf Ni/CeZrxOy‐Katalysatoren dar. Er ist daher eher auf Trägern mit begrenzter Sauerstoffspeicher‐ bzw. Austausch‐Kinetik, aber signifikanter karbothermischer Reduzierbarkeit, wahrscheinlich.
Design and synthesis of ferrocene‐based magnetic nanoparticle and investigation of its catalytic ability in the synthesis of novel 6‐[(morpholin‐4‐yl)methyl] substituted pyrano[3,2‐b]pyran derivatives
Authors: Pakjo Leila , Rahimpour Shabnam , Teimuri‐Mofrad Reza
Published: November 2022

In this work, we designed and synthesized the Fe3O4@SiO2@(CH2)3‐Im‐bisethylFc (CH3CO2) as a new catalyst for three‐multicomponent reaction (t‐MCR), which is a silica‐coated Fe3O4 nanoparticle supported with bisethylferrocene‐containing IL. All of the prepared nanoparticles were specified using FT‐IR spectroscopy, FE‐SEM, XRD, TEM, and EDX techniques. The activity of the final modified nanoparticle as MCR catalyst was tested in the one‐pot procurement of novel pyran derivatives through a t‐MCR between 2‐[(morpholin‐4‐yl)methyl]‐5‐hydroxy‐4H‐pyran‐4‐one, malononitrile, and diversity of aromatic aldehydes. The compound 2‐[(morpholin‐4‐yl)methyl]‐5‐hydroxy‐4H‐pyran‐4‐one as a precursor, was prepared via nucleophilic substitution reaction of morpholine with chlorokojic acid. The FT‐IR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopies were used for the identification of newly synthesized compounds.
Exploring interfacial interactions, dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/graphene oxide nanocomposites
Authors: Adaval Akanksha , Subash Cherumannil K. , Shafeeq Valiyaveetil H. , Singh Shiva , Maji Pradip K. , Aslam Mohammed , Turney Terence W. , Simon George P. , Bhattacharyya Arup R.
Published: November 2022

Graphene oxide (GO) incorporated ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) nanocomposites were prepared by encapsulating GO by UHMWPE in an aqueous media via high‐shear mixing, which were subsequently dried and compression molded. Morphological characterizations via scanning electron microscopy revealed the intercalation of UHMWPE chains in the graphitic stacks corresponding to GO. Further, dielectric permittivity of UHMWPE/GO nanocomposite of 1 wt% GO showed a drastic increase (~61) as compared to pure UHMWPE (~2) due to an enhanced interfacial polarization. A significantly higher value of remnant polarization (~10 nC/cm2) and coercive field (~3 kV/cm) was observed in UHMWPE/GO nanocomposite of 1 wt% GO, which showed a strong hysteresis loop of polarization versus electric field plot as compared to pure UHMWPE, which displayed a very weak hysteresis loop. The piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of ~9.5 pm/V was estimated in UHMWPE/GO nanocomposite of 1 wt% GO via piezoresponse force microscopy. Nanocomposite sensor devices were also fabricated and piezoelectric output voltage of ~6 V was recorded in UHMWPE/GO nanocomposite of 1 wt% of GO. We report here for the first time the unique ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties displayed by UHMWPE/GO nanocomposites.
A comprehensive review on the antidiabetic attributes of thiazolidine‐4‐ones: Synthetic strategies and structure–activity relationships
Authors: Pradhan Tathagata , Gupta Ojasvi , Kumar Vivek , Sristi  , Chawla Gita
Published: November 2022

The thiazolidine‐4‐one scaffold has recently emerged as a potential pharmacophore having clinical significance for medicinal chemists. This heterocyclic ring has been reported to possess a plethora of biological activities, including antidiabetic activity that has inspired researchers to integrate this core with different pharmacophoric fragments to design novel and effective antidiabetic leads. The antidiabetic activity has been observed due to the ability of the thiazolidine‐4‐one nucleus to interact with different biological targets, including peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, aldose reductase, α‐glucosidase, and α‐amylase. The present review discusses the mode of action of thiazolidine‐4‐ones through these antidiabetic drug targets. This review attempts to summarize and analyze the recent developments with regard to the antidiabetic potential of thiazolidine‐4‐ones covering different synthetic strategies, structure–activity relationships, and docking studies reported in the literature. The significance of various structural modifications at C‐2, N‐3, and C‐5 of the thiazolidine‐4‐one ring has also been discussed in this manuscript. This comprehensive compilation will provide an inevitable scope for the design and development of potential antidiabetic drug candidates having a thiazolidine‐4‐one core.
Investigating ancient agricultural field systems in Sweden from airborne LIDAR data by using convolutional neural network
Authors: Küçükdemirci Melda , Landeschi Giacomo , Ohlsson Mattias , Dell'Unto Nicolo
Published: November 2022

Today, the advances in airborne LIDAR technology provide high‐resolution datasets that allow specialists to detect archaeological features hidden under wooded areas more efficiently. Still, the complexity and large scale of these datasets require automated analysis. In this respect, artificial intelligence (AI)‐based analysis has recently created an alternative approach for interpreting remote sensing data. In this study, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed to detect clearance cairns, which are visible in today's landscape and act as important markers of past agricultural activities. For this aim, the U‐shape network architecture is adapted, trained from scratch with an original labelled dataset and tested in various field sites, focusing on southern Sweden. Although it is challenging to tune the hyperparameters and decide on the proper network architecture to obtain reliable prediction, long‐running experimental tests with this model produced promising results, with training and validation metrics of 0.8406 Dice‐coefficient, 0.7469 Val‐dice coefficient, and 0.7350 IuO and 0.6034 Val‐IoU values, once trained with the best parameters. Thus, the proposed CNN model in this study made data interpretation quicker and guided scholars to focus on the location of the target objects, opening a new frontier for future landscape analysis and archaeological research.
Structured abstract summarization of scientific articles: Summarization using full‐text section information
Authors: Oh Hanseok , Nam Seojin , Zhu Yongjun
Published: November 2022

The automatic summarization of scientific articles differs from other text genres because of the structured format and longer text length. Previous approaches have focused on tackling the lengthy nature of scientific articles, aiming to improve the computational efficiency of summarizing long text using a flat, unstructured abstract. However, the structured format of scientific articles and characteristics of each section have not been fully explored, despite their importance. The lack of a sufficient investigation and discussion of various characteristics for each section and their influence on summarization results has hindered the practical use of automatic summarization for scientific articles. To provide a balanced abstract proportionally emphasizing each section of a scientific article, the community introduced the structured abstract, an abstract with distinct, labeled sections. Using this information, in this study, we aim to understand tasks ranging from data preparation to model evaluation from diverse viewpoints. Specifically, we provide a preprocessed large‐scale dataset and propose a summarization method applying the introduction, methods, results, and discussion (IMRaD) format reflecting the characteristics of each section. We also discuss the objective benchmarks and perspectives of state‐of‐the‐art algorithms and present the challenges and research directions in this area.
Solid‐State NMR Study on the Structure and Dynamics of Graphite Electrodes in Sodium‐Ion Batteries with Solvent Co‐Intercalation
Authors: Escher Ines , Freytag Annica I. , López del Amo Juan Miguel , Adelhelm Philipp
Published: November 2022

The possibility to co‐intercalate sodium ions together with various glymes in graphite enables its use as a negative electrode material in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). However, the storage mechanism and local interactions appearing during this reaction still needs further clarification. 1H, 13C and 23Na ex situ solid‐state NMR (ss‐NMR) experiments are performed to obtain insights into the storage mechanism depending on the state of charge (SOC) and the electrolyte solvent used. Distinct differences could be seen depending on the SOC, indicating a possible change of the solvation shell, differences in the mobility as well as a phase transition at the voltage plateau. Furthermore, exchange experiments reveal information on the sodium ion transport process in the graphitic lattice. The inferior cycling performance of triglyme (3G) (compared to diglyme (2G) and pentaglyme (5G)) is also reflected in the ss‐NMR spectra, showing a reduced mobility and stronger interactions between sodium ions, 3G and graphite already at room temperature (RT).
Frost‐Tausalz‐Widerstand von Mörtel: Einfluss der Expositionsbedingungen im jungen Alter
Authors: Haynack Alexander , Timothy Jithender , Kränkel Thomas , Gehlen Christoph
Published: November 2022

Das Porensystem im Beton, bestehend aus Gel‐ und Kapillarporen, beeinflusst dessen Wasseraufnahmefähigkeit und so direkt auch den Frost‐Tausalz‐Widerstand. Unterschiedliche Expositionsbedingungen im jungen Alter des Betons haben dabei einen ausgeprägten Einfluss auf die Ausbildung des Porensystems. Um die Rolle der Vorkonditionierung auf das sich ausbildende Porengefüge und so den Frost‐Tausalz‐Widerstand von Beton zu klären, wurden Proben bei unterschiedlichen relativen Luftfeuchten vorkonditioniert und anschließend gemäß dem CDF‐Test untersucht. Es wurde festgestellt, dass der Frost‐Tausalz‐Widerstand von Proben mit einem Wasserzementwert von 0,40 maßgebend vom oberflächennahen Hydratationsgrad abhängt. Dieser variierte aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Luftfeuchten bei der Vorkonditionierung. Ausschlaggebendes Kriterium für den Frost‐Tausalz‐Widerstand der Proben mit einem Wasserzementwert von 0,55 stellt, bedingt durch das bei diesem w/z ausgeprägte Kapillarporensystem, der Grad der Wassersättigung dar. Proben mit einem besonders ausgeprägten Kapillarporensystem besaßen sehr hohe Abwitterungsbeträge. Abschließend wird ein auf einem künstlichen neuronalen Netz basierendes Prognosemodell vorgestellt. Dieses ist in der Lage, die Abwitterung von Mörteln im CDF‐Versuch anhand von Feuchtigkeitsmessungen vor einer Frost‐Tau‐Beanspruchung zu prognostizieren.
Sustainable development for private equity: Integrating environment, social, and governance factors into partnership valuation
Authors: Bian Yuxiang , Gao Han , Wang Ren , Xiong Xiong
Published: November 2022

General partners (GPs) of private equity (PE) are facing increasing pressure from limited partners (LPs) to make investments that meet environmental, social, and governance (ESG) targets. We develop a tractable model to analyze an LP's valuation of participating in PE investment when the ESG factors are objectives. Integrating the ESG factors makes the LP commit to investing capital in ESG demand spending and choosing sustainable PE, which has an inverted U‐shaped effect on the LP's certainty‐equivalent wealth. At the optimal ESG demand spending, the LP tends to choose more consumption but less public equity investment due to his or her positive expectation about higher certainty‐equivalent wealth from PE investment. However, an endogenous risk‐aversion attitude and exogenous idiosyncratic risk will have an adverse effect and make the LP less eager to integrate the ESG factors for sustainable development. Thus, the optimal ESG demand decreases, and the LP requires a higher break‐even excess return. Our analysis provides new theoretical insights for both PE partners and regulators when integrating ESG factors and sustainable concepts into PE valuation and management.
Protective effect of rutin on ferroptosis‐induced oxidative stress in aging laying hens through Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling
Authors: Wu Yangyang , Zhou Shuo , Zhao An , Mi Yuling , Zhang Caiqiao
Published: November 2022

Oxidative stress is a major cause of ovarian aging and follicular atresia. There is growing evidence that showed potential roles of rutin in antidiabetic, anti‐inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial and antioxidant, although it is yet unclear what the underlying mechanism is. Here, we looked into the potential effects of rutin on oxidative stress in the prehierarchical small white follicles (SWFs) from 580‐day‐old (D580) laying chickens. According to the findings, aging D580 layer ferroptosis was much higher than it was for laying hens during the peak period (280‐day‐old, D280). In both naturally aged and d‐gal‐induced chicken SWFs, rutin treatment concurrently boosted cell proliferation and prevented apoptosis. In addition, rutin inhibited the increased ferroptosis in aging hens. Meanwhile, rutin markedly suppressed the elevated ferroptosis and descending antioxidant capacity of D280‐culture‐SWFs from chicken elicited by d‐gal. Rutin's activation of the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway hastened the SWFs' verbal battle with oxidative damage and reduced ferroptosis. Furthermore, activation of the ferroptosis signal increased the oxidative damage in SWFs. In conclusion, rutin alleviated oxidative stress that was induced by ferroptosis in aging chicken SWFs through Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway. These findings point to a novel mechanism by which rutin protects SWFs from oxidative stress by suppressing ferroptosis, which is presumably a fresh approach to slowing ovarian aging in laying hens.
Transcatheter valve repair of tricuspid regurgitation with the PASCAL system: TriCLASP study 30‐day results
Authors: Baldus Stephan , Schofer Niklas , Hausleiter Jörg , Friedrichs Kai , Lurz P. , Luedike Philipp , Frerker Christian , Nickenig G. , Lubos Edith , Pfister Roman , Körber M. I. , Kalbacher Daniel , Näbauer Michael , Besler C. , Mahabadi Amir Abbas , Weber Marcel , Zdanyte M. , Ren C. B. , Geisler Tobias
Published: November 2022

Background

Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Percutaneous transcatheter approaches may offer an alternative for patients not amenable to surgery.

Methods

TriCLASP is a prospective, single‐arm, multicenter European post‐market clinical follow‐up study (NCT04614402) to evaluate the safety and performance of the PASCAL system (Edwards Lifesciences) in patients with severe or greater TR. At 30 days, a composite of major adverse events (MAEs) adjudicated by a clinical events committee, echocardiographic parameters adjudicated by core laboratory, and clinical, functional, and quality‐of‐life measures were evaluated.

Results

Mean age of the 74 enrolled patients was 80.3 years, with 58.1% female, 90.5% systemic hypertension, and 77.0% in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III/IV. Mean Society for Thoracic Surgeons score (MV repair) was 9.0%. TR severity was significantly reduced at discharge (p < 0.001) and sustained at 30 days (p < 0.001), and 90.0% of patients achieved ≤moderate TR. The composite MAE rate at 30 days was 3.0%, including 4 events in 2 patients: cardiovascular mortality 1.5%, stroke 1.5%, renal complications requiring unplanned dialysis or renal replacement therapy 1.5%, and severe bleeding 1.5%. There were no nonelective tricuspid valve reinterventions, major access site and vascular complications, major cardiac structural complications, or device embolizations. NYHA class I/II was achieved in 55.8%, 6‐minute walk distance improved by 38.2 m (p < 0.001), and Kansas City cardiomyopathy questionnaire scores improved by 13.4 points (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Experience with the PASCAL transcatheter valve repair system in a European post‐market setting confirms favorable safety and effectiveness at 30 days. TR significantly reduced, and clinical, functional, and quality‐of‐life outcomes significantly improved. This study is ongoing. Clinical Trial Registration: The study is ongoing and registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT04614402. The current analysis is an interim report.
Trans‐caval aspiration artherectomy/thrombectomy of large mobile plaques and thrombi in aortic arch and descending aorta
Authors: Chiang Michael , Villablanca Pedro A. , O'Neill William W. , Frisoli Tiberio
Published: November 2022

Aspiration thrombectomy with the AngioVac is approved for percutaneous removal of thrombus in the venous system. While not approved for aspiration of thrombus or other mass in the left heart or arterial system, it has been used in that setting. Patients with left heart or arterial mass are often deemed unfavorable for surgery and treated conservatively. This may not be the best option for all patients, as some may have lesions that represent a short‐term increased risk of complications, for which intervention and aspiration could be considered reasonable. Unfortunately, femoral arteries sizes often cannot accommodate the Angiovac current aspiration cannula dimensions. Here, we demonstrated trans‐caval approach for aspiration thrombectomy of extensive aortic mobile plaque and thrombus.
Rare case of intracerebral hemorrhage in anaphylactic shock following administration of intramuscular adrenaline: A case report
Authors: Yamamoto Shunki , Hongo Takashi , Tamura Tomokazu , Yumoto Tetsuya , Naito Hiromichi , Nakao Atsunori
Published: November 2022

Intracerebral hemorrhage should be considered as a possible adverse event in patients with anaphylactic shock who are treated with adrenaline administration, especially in those at high risk of serious bleeding events.
A complex case of necrobiotic xanthogranuloma with IgG‐kappa paraproteinemia: Disease regression achieved with melphalan and prednisone combination therapy
Authors: Malherbe Jacques A. J. , Cooney Julian
Published: November 2022

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma (NXG) is a rare dermatosis that is often associated with monoclonal paraproteinemia and hematological malignancies. We report the rare case of an 84‐year‐old gentleman with extensive truncal NXG and IgG‐kappa paraproteinemia who achieved significant disease regression following six cycles of combination melphalan/prednisone therapy.
CMR detects extensive intracavitary thrombi as solitary clinical presentation of Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A case report
Authors: Reiter Theresa , Demirbas Senem , Schmalzing Marc , Voelker Wolfram , Bauer Wolfgang R. , Güder Gülmisal
Published: November 2022

Intracavitary thrombi are an important differential diagnosis of cardiac masses. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) allows their non‐invasive characterization. This case highlights extensive cardiac thrombi detected by CMR as solitary presentation of antiphospholipid syndrome.
Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Catalytic Construction of C−B Bond and Related Reactions
Authors: Prakash Aishwarya , Saini Suresh , Basappa Suma , Gupta Dharmendra Kumar , Mao Lujia , Bose Shubhankar Kumar
Published: November 2022

Organoboranes are important reagents in modern synthetic organic chemistry. The C−B bonds presented in these derivatives are transformable into a C−X (X=C, N, O, and halogen) bonds stereoretentively to provide valuable complex molecules employed in medicinal chemistry, agrochemicals, natural products, and materials science. The homogeneous transition‐metal‐catalyzed borylation reaction is one of the most effective methodologies to synthesize organoboranes. However, these catalytic systems suffer from the inability to recover the catalysts and metal contamination into products, which limits their application towards chemical and pharmaceutical processes. Recently, the metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs)‐based heterogeneous catalytic systems have gained prominence to overcome these limitations. This review article surveys the employment of MOFs‐based catalysts in the borylation reactions, and the related mechanisms are also discussed.
Conformationally Restricted β‐Sheet Breaker Peptides Incorporating Cyclic α‐Methylisoserine Sulfamidates
Authors: Mazo Nuria , Navo Claudio D. , Peccati Francesca , Andreo Jacopo , Airoldi Cristina , Goldsztejn Gildas , Çarçabal Pierre , Usabiaga Imanol , Sodupe Mariona , Wuttke Stefan , Busto Jesús H. , Peregrina Jesús M. , Cocinero Emilio J. , Jiménez‐Osés Gonzalo
Published: November 2022

Peptides containing variations of the β‐amyloid hydrophobic core and five‐membered sulfamidates derived from β‐amino acid α‐methylisoserine have been synthesized and fully characterized in the gas phase, solid state and in aqueous solution by a combination of experimental and computational techniques. The cyclic sulfamidate group effectively locks the secondary structure at the N‐terminus of such hybrid peptides imposing a conformational restriction and stabilizing non‐extended structures. This conformational bias, which is maintained in the gas phase, solid state and aqueous solution, is shown to be resistant to structure templating through assays of in vitro β‐amyloid aggregation, acting as β‐sheet breaker peptides with moderate activity.