bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Freizeit – zugänglich für alle
Authors: Besomi Giada
Published: July 2023

Freizeit für alle ist eine Herausforderung, die einen Paradigmenwechsel in der gesamten Gesellschaft erfordert. Inklusion und Barrierefreiheit lassen sich darum nicht von heute auf morgen verwirklichen. Es ist ein Prozess des Wandels, eine Reise und eine Geschichte, mit der die Menschen dafür sensibilisiert werden, neu und anders zu denken. Barrierefreiheit gilt nicht für Menschen mit Behinderungen, sie gilt für alle Menschen. Inklusives Denken bereichert die Gesellschaft, da jede Andersartigkeit als einzigartiges menschliches Potenzial betrachtet wird. Im Artikel beschreibt die Autorin die Reise der «Associazione New Ability» hin zur Inklusion, die 2011 begann und immer noch andauert.
A Licenciatura em Ciências Sociais
Authors: Santos Andreia dos
Published: July 2023

A licenciatura em Ciências Sociais no Brasil tornou-se relevante a partir do ano de 2008, quando a disciplina de Sociologia passou a figurar nos currículos do Ensino Médio. Em Minas Gerais, o número de universidades públicas e privadas que passaram a oferecer licenciatura em Ciências Sociais demonstrou que a formação de professores para o ensino de sociologia era uma urgência. Para as escolas públicas e privadas, a preocupação foi alocar professores com qualidade de ensino na área especifica de formação. A PUC Minas passa a oferecer a formação em Licenciatura em Ciências Sociais a partir do ano de 2009, com o entendimento de que era urgente a demanda de formação de professores que pudessem figurar nos quadros docentes das escolas, além de oferecer um campo de trabalho inovador para os graduandos em Ciências Sociais. Assim, o objetivo desse artigo é traçar um panorama da licenciatura em Ciências Sociais e, também, compreender o processo de implementação dessa habilitação no curso de Ciências Sociais da PUC Minas. Revela-se que, com o passar dos anos, o foco na formação de professores, principalmente em Sociologia, tornou-se uma preocupação constante do curso de Ciências Sociais, ainda mais com a inclusão e participação nos programas de formação iniciante de professores, tais como o PIBID e, mais recentemente, o Programa Residência Pedagógica.
Discriminating Feed Rate of Combine Harvester by Using Association Rule Mining
Authors: Liu Yehong , Dai Dong , Tang Can , Wang Xin , Wang Shumao
Published: July 2023

The feed rate is an important evaluation index of combine harvester performance. The quick identification of the amount of feed rate that enters the combine during harvesting is of great significance for the efficiency and operational quality of the combine harvester. To address this issue, this study proposes a feed rate discrimination method based on association rule mining. A self-designed data acquisition system was designed, taking the wheat combine harvester as object, and collected seven speed signals and three torque signals when the feed rate was 6 kg/s~8 kg/s, 8 kg/s~10 kg/s, and 10 kg/s~11 kg/s, respectively. The collected time series data were discretized so as to facilitate the construction of transaction sets. Then, the association rules in the constructed transaction set were mined by FP-Growth, and the rules with weak or no correlation with the increase in feed rate were filtered using min-support, min-confidence, and min-lift of 1.3, 0.8, and 3, respectively, to obtain strong association rules. Then, the strong association rules were constructed as classifiers. The test results showed that the accuracy of the constructed classifier for the identification of 6 kg/s~8 kg/s, 8 kg/s~10 kg/s, and 10 kg/s~11 kg/s feed rates was 100 %, 96 %, and 98.7 %, respectively. Research results can provide a basis for the adjustment of the working state of the combine harvester.
Power limits with adjustable 10G receiver parameters for A-RoF transmission
Authors: Kurbatska Inna , Ostrovskis Armands , Skladova Laura , Rubuls Kristaps , Spolitis Sandis , Bobrovs Vjaceslavs
Published: July 2023

Current paper characterizes the performance of the three-radio-frequency-channels, orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexed (OFDM) radio-over-fiber (RoF) transmission system in terms of error-vector-magnitude and received optical signal power for a typical 10 GHz receiver obtained by the comprehensive simulations. The impact of the transmitted OFDM channels' signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is also considered. We demonstrate that the SNR decrease from 40 dB to 25 dB results in an error vector magnitude (EVM) increase of up to 4 %. Furthermore, we propose the approach for allowing adjusting these results to other receiver sensitivity and responsivity values by introducing a delta in received optical signal power eliminating additional simulation or complicated calculations. The feasibility of the adjustments with a precision of up to 0.001% of the EVM is proved.
Detection of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene by Metal-Graphene Hybrid Plasmonic Nanoantennas with a Golden Ratio Rectangular Resonator
Authors: Erturan Ahmet Murat , Gultekin Seyfettin Sinan , Durmaz Habibe
Published: July 2023

Plasmonic nanoantenna arrays have become increasingly popular for the detection of chemical molecules, biomolecules, viruses, and agents. In this study, our objective was to detect explosive-based 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) with a metal-graphene hybrid plasmonic rectangular nanoantenna with a golden ratio size formed by choosing two consecutive numbers from the Fibonacci series. The golden rectangular resonator provides nearly perfect absorption without the need for impedance matching calculations and complex optimisation algorithms. In surface enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) applications, the internal losses of metallic nanostructures degrade their sensing performance. To improve performance sensitivity, graphene with high electrical conductivity and electrical tunability was used. The spectral fingerprints of 2,4 DNT at 6300 nm, 6580 nm, and 7500 nm were enhanced with a metal-graphene hybrid structure. The biosensor platform introduced, by combining the graphene and nanoantennas with a golden ratio and by adjusting the Fermi energy level of graphene, can be beneficial for highly sensitive tunable biosensors for a broad spectrum to identify the molecular fingerprints of specific biomolecules.
Combining Receiver Damaged by Beaulieu-Xie Fading and Rician Co-Channel Interference with a Purpose of Machine Learning QoS Level Prediction
Authors: Suljovic Suad , Krstic Dragana S. , Nestorovic Goran , Petrovic Nenad N. , Minic Sinisa , Gurjar Devendra S.
Published: July 2023

In this paper, a wireless system is considered impacted by Beaulieu-Xie (BX) fading and Rician co-channel interference (CCI). A selection diversity combining technique is used to combat multi-path fading and CCI effects. The expression for the level crossing rate (LCR) is formulated for the receiver with more input branches, and the corresponding curves that have dependence on the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) are drawn. On the basis of the presented graphs, we quantify the amount of LCR affected by the presence of fading and interference. Additionally, we propose a classification-based predictive model which leverages the previously calculated LCR value as one of inputs among other variables (number of users, base station, the day of the week) with the aim of Quality of Service (QoS) level prediction.
„Es gibt immer etwas zu tun“. Das Haus als Objekt heimwerkenden Reparierens in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland seit 1945
Authors: Voges Jonathan
Published: July 2023

In diesem Aufsatz geht es um die Rolle, die das Haus als Ort fortlaufender Reparaturen und Renovierungen für westdeutsche Familien seit 1945 spielte. Dabei stehen insbesondere geschlechtlich codierte Praxen und Raumaneignun- gen im Vordergrund. Reparaturen wurden als spezifisch männliche Aktivitäten verstanden. Sie boten männlichen Bundesbürger*innen die Möglichkeit, ihre berufsarbeitsfreie Zeit aktiv in ihrem eigenen Zuhause zu verbringen, ohne die als weiblich konnotierte Hausarbeit übernehmen zu müssen. Damit einher ging aber auch ein zunehmender Druck, die oben angesprochenen Aufgaben auch zunehmend selbst auszuführen.
Kindergrundsicherung – ein wirksames Mittel gegen die Armut?
Authors: Butterwegge Christoph
Published: July 2023

Seit drei Jahrzehnten nimmt die Kinderarmut in Deutschland mehr oder weniger kontinuierlich zu. Bisher ist jedoch keine Bundesregierung konsequent gegen diesen familien- und sozialpolitischen Skandal vorgegangen. Zwar haben mehrere Familienministerinnen bei ihrem Amtsantritt versprochen, das Problem zu lösen, aber letztlich nur bewirkt, dass ein Teil der betroffenen Kinder aus dem Transferleistungsbezug herauskam. SPD, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen und FDP wollten mit einer Kindergrundsicherung endlich Abhilfe schaffen, hat aber Mühe, ein gemeinsames Konzept dafür zu entwickeln und die Finanzierung ihres sozial- und familienpolitischen Prestigeprojekts zu sichern. Falls die Ampel im Kampf gegen die Kinderarmut auf Rot springt, wäre das ein Scheitern als „Fortschrittskoalition“ und ein Armutszeugnis für die Regierungsparteien.
G-BA stellt klar: Interdisziplinäre Schwangerenvorsorge auf Augenhöhe ist möglich
Authors: Hertle Dagmar , Wende Danny , Schmitt Nikolaus
Published: July 2023

Die Zusammenarbeit von Hebammen und Frauenärzt*innen in der Schwangerenvorsorge ist seit langem konfliktbehaftet. Dies beruht nicht zuletzt auf strukturellen Hürden, die wir 2021 im Beitrag „Schwangerschaftsvorsorge im Spannungsfeld der Berufsgruppen“ in dieser Zeitschrift dargelegt haben. Eine Hürde ist nun gefallen: Der G-BA hat den Delegationsvorbehalt aus den Mutterschafts-Richtlinien gestrichen und die Eigenständigkeit und Eigenverantwortlichkeit der Hebammenvorsorge bekräftigt. Im Hinblick auf die Care-Krise ist es wichtig, die Arztzentrierung auch in anderen Bereichen zu überdenken, um entsprechend ausgebildete Gesundheitsberufe durch mehr Verantwortung und Augenhöhe attraktiver zu machen und Ärztinnen und Ärzte zu entlasten.
Common Fixed Point Theorems in Complex-Valued Non-Negative Extended b-Metric Spaces
Authors: Ullah Naimat , Shehu Shagari Mohammed , Ahmad Khan Tahir , Ullah Khan Aziz , Atta Ullah Khan Muhammad
Published: July 2023

We introduce complex valued non-negative extended b-metric spaces and establish new fixed point results for mappings under some rational contractions. Our idea
improves and extends corresponding fixed point theorems in the setting of b-metric, extended b-metric and classical metric spaces. Nontrivial examples are provided to support
the hypotheses and usefulness of the main result obtained herein. Motivated by the ideas presented in [3, 8, 21], we introduce the concept of complex valued non-negative extended b-metric spaces and establish new fixed point theorems for mappings under some rational contractive inequalities. Our idea improves and extends the above mentioned articles and a few others in the corresponding literature. Nontrivial examples are provided to indicate the usefulness
and validity of the main result obtained herein
Perspective Chapter: New Theoretical Basics of Calculation of Reinforced Concrete Elements
Authors: Seyfullaev Khanlar
Published: July 2023

In this chapter, on the basis of the nonlinear deformation model of the mechanics of deformable solids, new theoretical foundations for the design of reinforced concrete elements have been studied. This is the first formulation of the strength conditions of reinforced concrete elements relative to the height of the compressed concrete zone ξ in the following form: for eccentrically tensioned elements 0≤ξ<ξOR, where ξOR=1/1+εsultεbult, for bending elements ξOR≤ξ≤ξR, where ξR=1/1+εslεbult for eccentrically compressed elements with three cases of calculation: (1) ξOR≤ξ≤ξR; (2) ξR<ξ<1; and (3) 1≤ξ≤∞. The height of the compressed zone of concrete ξ is determined from the condition MX≤MX,ult. The representation of strength conditions in the above form makes it possible to develop new and accurate solutions to the elastic-creep theory of mechanics of reinforced concrete, taking into account the real properties of reinforced concrete materials. The research concluded several important points; for example, it has been established that the developed method for designing reinforced concrete elements is based on an accurate and rigorous application of the nonlinear deformation model of the mechanics of deformed solids to the problems of elastoplastic bending of the theory of reinforced concrete. The developed method for designing reinforced concrete elements makes it possible to take into account the main characteristics of materials: the long-term strength of concrete and the increase in the strength of reinforcement (rebar) after the yield point in accordance with the state diagrams of concrete and reinforcement compared to other important matters worth publishing to shed light on.
Mechanical System Kinematics and Dynamics on Differentiable Manifolds
Authors: J. Haug Edward , Pavesic Petar
Published: July 2023

Topological and vector space attributes of Euclidean space are employed to create a dierentiable manifold structure for holonomic mechanical system kinematics and dynamics.
A local kinematic parameterization is presented that establishes the regular conguration space as a dierentiable manifold. Topological properties of Euclidean space show that this manifold is naturally partitioned into disjoint, maximal, path connected, singularity free domains of kinematic and dynamic functionality. Using the manifold parameterization, d'Alembert variational equations of mechanical system dynamics yield well-posed ordinary dierential equations of motion on these domains, without introducing Lagrange multipliers. Solutions of the differential equations satisfy kinematic conguration, velocity, and acceleration constraints and the variational equations of dynamics. Two examples, one planar and one spatial, are treated using the formulation presented. Solutions obtained are shown to satisfy all three forms of kinematic constraint to within specied error tolerances, using fourth order Runge-Kutta numerical integration methods.
The Perceptions of Primary School Teachers of Distance Education During The Pandemic Period: A Mixed Method Research
Authors: Mutluer Ozgul , Celikoz Mine
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the views of classroom teachers about distance education during the pandemic period, to understand how distance education was applied in Turkey, and to determine whether the findings can be generalizable. For this purpose, the study was designed with the exploratory sequential mixed research design. In the qualitative dimension, teachers’ opinions were collected through a semistructured form, and in the quantitative dimension, the scale was developed using these data. The scale was applied to a total of 719 classroom teachers throughout Turkey. Descriptive statistics were used to determine teachers’ characteristics, opinions, and suggestions; a t-test, one-way analysis of variance was used to determine whether there was a difference between teachers’ opinions according to some personal characteristics. The Scheffe test was used to determine the source of the differences. As a result of the research, it is found that 11.68% of all teachers believe that distance education practices are suitable for primary school students. Further, it is observed that there is a significant difference in some sub-dimensions such as experience, class size, place of duty, and the region where they work. But, there was no significant difference in terms of suggestions.
Existence of limit cycles for a class of quintic Kukles homogeneous system
Authors: Abdullah Qadha Sarah , Abdullah Qadha Muneera , Chen Haibo
Published: July 2023

We investigated the existence of limit cycles for quintic Kukles polynomial differential systems depending on a parameter in this chapter. These systems are important in practical applications and theoretical advances. We first used formal series method based on Poincaré’s ideas to prove this point and determine the centre-focus problem. We then utilised the Dulac function to prove the non-existence of closed orbits. We determined the sufficient condition for the existence of the limit cycles, which bifurcate from the equilibrium point, using Hopf bifurcation theory. Lastly, we provided some numerical examples for illustration using MATLAB to plot. Note that studies on the existence and the nonexistence of limit cycles and algebraic limit cycles for Kukles systems are limited.
Creep in Concrete
Authors: Nthuka Mutungi Winfred
Published: July 2023

Creep in concrete is a long-term deformation under sustained loading. It’s influenced by many factors including constituent materials, environmental conditions among others. Whenever there is an alteration in the convectional concrete preparation process, the creep characteristics need to be realistically assessed. Creep prediction models have been developed for determining creep in convectional plain concrete. It has been shown that creep changes when constituents of concrete production are changed hence realistic assessment needs to be done. Creep of some modified concrete have been presented in this chapter.
Why Fear Crushes Your Culture
Authors: Clare Coghlan Mary , B. Ross Andrew , B. Russell Mia
Published: July 2023

Fear is defined as a normal reaction to a real or imagined threat and is an integral and adaptive aspect of development. Individuals react to fear during moments of social, political, and economic upheaval like those in recent years. But how do collective groups manifest and respond to the internal and external factors that promote fear? More pointedly, how do working professionals experience a long-term, organizational culture of fear? To respond to these questions, this chapter will offer new perspectives on how fear is operationalized in the workplace. By interpreting the role of fear in common workplace norms like feedback, collaboration, management, and hiring, we offer a better understanding of how organizational culture might promote the negative consequences of fear: avoidance, withdrawal, and physical/emotional pain.
Risk Factors Associated With Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis C Virus Patients
Authors: El-Shenawy Reem , Farouk Sally , Helmy Naiera , Bader El Din Noha
Published: July 2023

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the main etiology of advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis with significant risk of progression to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Several epidemiologic studies have documented a lot of risk factors related to the progression of HCC in chronic HCV patients. Factors that increase the risk of HCC development include obesity, diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, aflatoxin exposure, alcohol consumption, occult hepatitis C infection, and genetic variations. HCV patients with genotypes 3 and 1 are also more liable to develop HCC. Also, male gender and higher age are considered as independent risk factors for HCC. Using the newly discovered direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), great improvement in sustained virological immune response (SVR) has occurred >90% in treated patients irrespective of their fibrosis level. Nevertheless, the progression to HCC in HCV patients who achieve SVR stays vulnerable to HCC development, especially patients with advanced fibrosis and/or cirrhosis.
Techno-Stress in Organization
Authors: Panahi Belal
Published: July 2023

In today’s business world, technology is often a strong and influential driver of behavior, causing many challenges and stress to employees’ inner and performance, and it causes people’s nerves and insides to collapse and even provides conditions where people cannot really get the necessary peace for a long time. In this way, people may be victims of stressful factors that our ancestors only saw in their dreams. This problem, which is introduced as technology stress or techno-stress, arises due to dependence on technology, constant use of technological tools, and fear of lack of necessary technology. In this chapter, techno-stress is introduced and explained. The theoretical foundations of this concept are presented and its dimensions and components are introduced. Also, the consequences of techno-stress are identified and important strategies for managing and controlling its effects are presented.
Nanobody Technology and New Molecular Biology Methods to Advance Rapid Diagnostic Test for Neglected Tropical Diseases
Authors: Álvarez-Rodríguez Andrés , Radwanska Magdalena , Magez Stefan , Odongo Steven
Published: July 2023

Worldwide, the cumulative annual disabilities and deaths due to neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are in the millions, with most cases found in the low-income countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) has proposed a road map to eliminate NTDs by the year 2030. Core interventions being implemented to achieve this target are vaccinations, chemotherapeutic treatments, vector control, and practicing hygiene. Whereas multiple successes have been registered so far, inadequacies or the complete absence of diagnostics for some of the diseases being targeted, are however hampering ongoing eradication campaigns. Current diagnostics for NTDs are costly, require sophisticated gadgets, depend on electricity, are time consuming and labor intensive, have low detection/discriminatory power, or require trained personnel for operation. For these reasons, the use of such diagnostics is limited to only well-equipped laboratories, often inaccessible to the poor who are the most affected by the NTDs. To increase accessibility to diagnostics by those who need it the most, Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) are being developed by translating existing diagnostic technologies, or by invention of new technologies. Here, we reviewed conventional diagnostics for NTDs as well as their RDT translated formats, and explored nanobodies (Nbs) as alternative reagents for the development of the RDTs.
Prevalence of Trypanosomosis in Ruminants in Rivers State and Abia State, Nigeria and the Challenges of Trypanosomosis Control in Goat Production
Authors: A.N. Akpan Clara
Published: July 2023

Trypanosomosis is one of the major diseases hindering livestock production in tropical Africa. The disease negatively impacts food production and economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa. African animal trypanosomosis is a debilitating and often fatal disease of animals, caused by infection with pathogenic protozoan parasites of the genus ‘Trypanosoma’. A recent prevalence study for the infection in ruminants reared in two Southern states of Nigeria (Rivers and Abia) gave zero by the wet mount and buffy coat methods which only suggests low prevalence and may not mean that the infection has been eliminated in the country. More sensitive methods may detect low prevalence. It also suggests that common breeds of ruminants in the area may be genetically resistant to the infection or that they have acquired resistance. Relapse to susceptibility is still possible. So, prophylactic medications and other methods of control for the infection are still necessary for the area.
ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS PROBLEM SOLUTION
Authors: Esen Hatice
Published: July 2023

n the book chapter, the basic structure, features, axioms, advantages and disadvantages of AHP will be given. Then, AHP application steps will be explained with a sample application in the exell program, and screen shots will be included in the lecture. As an example application, how the personnel selection in the field of health is made with AHP will be explained in detail. If the results are not consistent, what should be done will be explained. As a result, the readers will have an idea about solving the AHP problem through the excel program and will be able to apply it easily.
Advanced Knotting Techniques (Examples from Surgical Practice)
Authors: Kovách Kornél , Éva Pigniczki Daniella
Published: July 2023

The topology of recently used knots are described regarding conventional and laparoscopic surgery. Morphological and technical similarities and differences of the most common knots are discussed, while also considering their transformability. Knots are introduced made by hand and by instruments, while further demonstrating laparoscopic and microsurgical knotting techniques.
There are several nomenclatures for the composite knots made of the combination of simple prime knots. It is suggested to use the detailed nomenclature which includes not only the type of the knots (H, S) but also the number of throws (for example H1, H2, H3, S1, S2, etc.)
There is great potential in the partnership of topology as it can provide a deeper understanding through the investigation of the dynamic behavior of knots – and that field has to be further studied.
Rapid Test and Chagas Disease: An Overview
Authors: Almeida Caminha Marcelle , Luiza Barbosa Godart Cavalcante Ana , Figueiredo Sadok Menna-Barreto Rubem
Published: July 2023

Chagas disease (CD) is an infectious illness with great socioeconomic impact. Historically, it has mainly affected the poor population in Latin America. However, globalization sets a new scenario, featuring an increasing CD incidence worldwide especially due to parasite transmission by infected blood in non-endemic countries. Noteworthily, CD is predominantly marked by a subclinical progression, so that for most cases, the correct diagnosis may take years, even decades, post-infection. Public actions such as active search of infected people and donors screening are imperative for both identification of individual health assistance and disease control. Nonetheless, the main affected areas lack laboratory infrastructure, resource, and specialized personnel, making the use of conventional immunoassays unfeasible. Moreover, parasite genetic variability and cross-reaction with close-related infectious diseases impose a stringent diagnosis algorithm. Thus, although rapid tests are a great option, its applicability is still restricted in the context of this disease. In this regard, this chapter will discuss the use of immunochromatographic-based assays for CD, their limitations, and perspectives. The performance of commercially available kits in comparison to the conventional serologic tests will be also debated, covering their antigen selection, origin of population studied, and type of samples.
Inspired or Plagiarism: Application of Substantial Similarity in the Protection of Architectural Works towards Renewal of Indonesia’s Copyright Law
Authors: H. Simatupang Taufik
Published: July 2023

Indeed, architecture is a work of art that has high value and is economically valuable. An architect who is able to produce architectural works and gets world recognition is certainly not only technically mastered in its manufacture but also someone who has a high taste like an artist. In historical records, from time to time, not a few architectural works have similarities with one another, for example, the Eiffel Tower in Paris and the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, similar objects are often found in various countries. Then how to measure whether the work that was born later was the result of independent work and was only inspired or was actually an imitation. Therefore it is necessary to have a measuring instrument to prove it. One of the known measures to prove that an architectural work, is an original copyrighted work, is to use the concept of substantial similarity. Proof of the occurrence of substantial similarity because it is inspired and not a form of plagiarism can be done through an independent creation approach. Independent creation is a proof formula that has been carried out in the United States. Indonesia itself in Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright has not provided a clear formulation and what qualitative measuring tool is used to determine whether similar architectural works that were born later are inspired works of art or are acts of plagiarism. Therefore, Indonesia needs to technically regulate the act of imitation which is considered to substantively violate the overall form, spatial composition, and design of architectural works through changes and updates to the Copyright Law in the future.
Definition of Analytical Hierarchy Process and Its Effect on Environmental Decisions in Engineering for Landfill Siting
Authors: Rostampoor Mahya
Published: July 2023

The AHP technique was expanded by Saaty (1980) and called Analytic Hierarchy Process. It is a usual
way of Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) since it is based on theoretical authority. It has a great
ability to solve complex problems throughout the decision-making process in any domain .This method,
which reflects natural behavior and human thinking, authorize the decision maker to present the
interaction between different criteria in complex and unstructured situations. The AHP method is
employed to recognize the consistency of weightings for each criterion, which it works by constructing a
pair-wise comparisons matrix.
The aim of this chapter is to examine this method in detail in a tangible example for the field of the
environment (landfilling). For obtaining this aim, an important criterion that can influence the
environment was considered by using geometric integration in Expert Choice with merging the AHP
technique and GIS software.
Position Control of External Rotor Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Model Predictive Control
Authors: Kizir Goksel , Furkan Kanburoglu Abdul
Published: July 2023

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) are widely used in high-power applications such as industrial, automotive, robotics, medical and military applications. External Rotor (ER) - PMSMs provide high output torque at low volume. However, cogging torque, the torque needed to overcome the opposing torque created by the magnetic attractive force between magnets and the windings, is generated at the output shaft. In this chapter, using MPC position and speed control of ER-PMSMs will be presented. The controlled autoregressive and integrated moving average (CARIMA) model is determined as an MPC algorithm. Experimental studies are carried out with two different position and speed control structures. In addition, the selected controllers will be compared for different position/ speed references and their advantages and disadvantages will be explained in detail.
Topological Phenomena in Spin Systems: Textures and Waves
Authors: Mellado Paula , E. Troncoso Roberto
Published: July 2023

This chapter reviews the implications of topology in the static and dynamics of magnetic systems. Our focus is twofold. In the first part, we describe how the application of topology allows an understanding of the structure and dynamics of magnetic textures that separate different magnetic domains in magnetic materials. Topological textures are rationalized in terms of elementary topological defects that determine complex magnetic orders and magnetization dynamics processes in the underlying magnetic systems. The second part studies topological phases and topological phenomena associated with the band theory of linear magnetic excitations. Topological spin waves are usually accompanied by exotic phenomena in magnetic materials such as the emergence of chiral edge states and the magnon Hall effect.
Perspective Chapter: Teaching bioethics through Critical Pedagogy
Authors: Ochoa de Toledo Marlene , Alvarado Gelvis
Published: July 2023

This research is focused on critical pedagogy for the teaching of bioethics. The objective is to design a course where ethical dilemmas of various topics are raised, to be analyzed with bioethical principles and legal bases, through a model that allows systematizing the various situations in three stages: 1-approach; 2-assessment of the case and 3-conclusions and implications. Throughout several semesters, the results showed that the model worked to achieve a bioethical opinion, integrating all the analyzed aspects of the dilemmas raised. This achievement was evaluated through the students' perceptions, applying strategies framed in critical reflection. The analysis of results included both the grades and the information obtained in the critical reflections of the students. The evidence highlights a good management of bioethical analysis, a lot of motivation and participation and conceptual changes, which can possibly promote the achievement of critical learning.
Perspective Chapter: Enabling the Ecological University—An Argument for Developing Transdisciplinary Ethical-Maker-Learning in Higher Education
Authors: Curry Robert
Published: July 2023

This chapter argues for the importance of ethical-maker-learning as a transdisciplinary learning system in Higher Education. A new potentially transformative pedagogical concept of Critical Material Literacy (CML) is also proposed, with the aim that no student should leave university as a passive consumer of new technologies and products. Broad pedagogical opportunities are suggested across Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STEAM), and Humanities learning systems. The foundation of this argument is based on in depth maker-learning research, a critique of mainstream maker learning culture, and a move towards more ecological and humanistic concerns in maker processes. Thus, CML-based learning is proposed to teach an awareness of the importance of material matters in our often-passive consumer-led society. An initial transdisciplinary learning model for ethical-maker-learning is presented to provide ideas within this new HE-learning framework for critically and civically engaged experiential learning opportunities across all disciplines.
Physical and mechanical properties of Herrnholz granite - an idel experimental material
Authors: Li Ying , Wu Rui
Published: July 2023

Granite, as the most common plutonic rock of the Earth’s crust and the most
widely used paving block and building stone in industrial activities, has been
widely employed in experimental investigations on its chemical composition,
physical properties, and mechanical responses. This chapter focuses on the
physical and mechanical properties of Herrnholz granite while emphasizing
that it is an ideal experimental material for its homogeneity and fine-grained
nature. Among the properties discussed here are density, porosity, pore size
distribution, ultrasonic wave velocities, strength, fracture toughness, and
hydroscopic/hygroscopic properties. Preliminary laboratory data sets reveal
relationships between the hygroscopic properties and mesoporous character of
the Herrnholz granite as a result of water adsorption on internal fabric elements,
such as pores, and microcracks.
Human rights in the implementation of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Dulima Zabala Leal Tatiana , Andrea Zuluaga Ortiz Paola
Published: July 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an active element of international and national legal systems that has driven concerns regarding human beings and their rights. The aforementioned due to numerous debates that have taken place in terms of the moral and ethical principles required by AI development processes and its products; seeing as these have the capacity to generate modifications in human beings’ affective interaction dynamics, leading to physical and emotional disorders. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to introduce the generalities of reports and recommendations to be considered in countries throughout the world when implementing AI models, per the Advanced Technology External Advisory Council, Singapore’s Advisory Council on the Ethical Use of AI and Data, and the Select Committee on Artificial Intelligence appointed by the House of Lords in the UK, groups of experts of the European Commission and the OECD.
PALM OIL PRODUCTION FOR THE FOOD AND COSMETICS INDUSTRY IN AFRICA: ETHICS AND SUSTAINABILITY IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Maria Chinecherem Uzonwanne , Uju Ezenekwe , Geraldine Nzeribe
Published: July 2023

This study deals with the palm oil production in Africa. In particular it discusses the trend of palm oil production in Africa, its traditional and industrial system and finally the ethical and sustainability part of it. Palm oil which is a major component of the materials for food processing and cosmetics industries has a market size on the increase. The increasing awareness of its health benefits, as an alternative energy source and with relatively low cost of production are the key drivers of the demand for palm oil. With the Indonesian moratorium on oil palm plantation and Malaysia wanting to maintain the current level, the drive to supply the expanding demand for palm oil has moved to Africa. On account of the growing demand for palm oil, its production may not be avoidable; however, there are serious concerns about its sustainability (National Geographic) and ethical issues that accompany its production by the Transnational Corporations (TNC). Pressure on the industry in this regard have not yielded much fruits. With the endemic corruption in the African political system, it is feared that the situation of Africa may be worse than Asia in terms of sustainability without strong ethical standards. Nevertheless, the ethical and sustainability questions surrounding palm oil production in Africa have been there through the years with its attendant human, social as well as environmental dimensions. This work seeks to highlight some of these ethical and sustainability questions.
Fin and Tube HVAC Evaporators Design by the Hybrid Method
Authors: Starace Giuseppe , Macchitella Silvia , Colangelo Gianpiero
Published: July 2023

The hybrid method allows the overall performance of a fin and tube evaporator to be determined beginning from local analysis results and combining the accuracy of the data obtained with a small-scale numerical approach with the low processing costs of the analytical approaches. The program calculates heat transfer rates, pressure drops, and temperature fields for both sides of the heat exchanger using regression equations derived from known data (analytical, experimental, or numerical).The hybrid method has been progressively refined and enhanced with the goal of modeling heat exchangers more closely to actual typologies often used for HVAC application that involve intricate circuit arrangements. In order to aid designers to choose the optimal configuration, various refrigerant circuitry layout choices were examined as well as a proper trade-off analysis was performed.
Perspective Chapter: Where angels fear to tread: anxieties over researching child sexuality must be overcome
Authors: O'Carroll Thomas
Published: July 2023

Anxieties over encountering disapproval, rather than bona fide ethical concerns, have inhibited research so profoundly that child sexual development is still poorly understood even after over a century of theorising. This is despite growing awareness of the need for evidence-based and effective relationships and sex education (RSE) to promote healthy relationships, and also intense concern over child sexual abuse (CSA), not least because many clinical and forensic interventions have failed through being poorly informed and misconceived – notably as regards the sexuality of the children most at risk. This chapter will examine the professional codes that pertain to ethical research in respect of children's rights as research participants, along with the risk and potential benefits of such research. Sexual health, in contrast with developmental normativity, will be identified as a new research paradigm, and its ethical implications will be discussed.
Use of Eucalyptus Wood Vinegar as Antiseptic in Goats
Authors: Marlon Carneiro Feijo Francisco , Santos Pimenta Alexandre , Fernandes Pereira Alexsandra , Nayane Costa Soares Waleska , Denner Moreira Benicio Leon , Claudio Silva Junior Enilson , Stephanne Ramos Ribeiro Yara , Sergio Santos Caio , Andrade de Castro Praxedes Danilo , Maria Monteiro de Sousa Edna , Karoline de Melo Isadora , Dutra Alves Nilza
Published: July 2023

The use of wood vinegar Eucalyptus urograndis is used with antiparasitic, antibacterial, antifungal, but its action in combination with glycerin or matodextrin has not been demonstrated. In this way, we will inform this chapter this question, as well as the cytotoxicity in cells of the mammary gland. It was checked in the laboratory and in animals. It has been verified that the action with glycerin is better than the use with maltodextrin and that there is no cytoxicity in the mammary gland of lactating animals.
Model Reference Adaptive System Scheme for Sensorless Induction Motor Drive
Authors: Agrebi Zorgani Youssef , Hajji Soufien , Koubaa Yessine , Boussak Mohamed
Published: July 2023

The induction machine is widely used in industrial fields due to its robustness, low cost, and good standardization. Indeed, its use in high-performance variable-speed drive systems requires the imposition of specific and complex control structures based on the mathematical model of the machine and its power supply. However, this chapter book deals with indirect stator field-oriented control (ISFOC) of an induction motor drive (IM), without a speed sensor. In previous works, the MRAS scheme has been used to estimate the speed and the rotor resistance. The reference model and the adjustable one, which are developed in the stationary stator reference frame, are used to estimate simultaneously the rotor speed and the rotor resistance (IM) from the knowledge of the stator currents and voltages. Simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the mathematical study as well as to prove the effectiveness and the robustness of the proposed scheme of control and sensorless ISFOC induction motor drive.
Finger Printing of Three Indigenous Goat (Capra Aegagrus Hircus) Breeds in Nigeria Using ISSR Marker
Authors: Etta Hannah
Published: July 2023

DNA Finger Printing of three goat breeds Red Sokoto (RS), West African Dwarf (WAD) and Sahel White (SW) in Nigeria was carried out. Standard procedures for blood sample collection, DNA extraction and analyses were employed. Analyses carried out included PCR amplification, band scoring, Population Differentiation investigations and percentage variability studies. Results obtained revealed 58.33%, 100% and 50% amplifications of the RS, WAD and SW breeds respectively; band scoring revealed polymorphism across the goat breeds; population differentiation showed four population structures and percentage variability studies gave 100% variability within the goat breeds and 0% among breeds. These results indicate high genetic variability of the three goat breeds and presents the ISSR primer as an appropriate tool for diversity studies of these breeds.
The Inverse Characteristic Polynomial Problem for Graphs over Finite Fields
Authors: R. Johnson Charles , C. Wesley Greyson , Lin Xiaoyu , Liu Xiwen , Zhou Sihan
Published: July 2023

Let $\mathbb{F}$ be a finite field and let $G$ be a graph on $n$ vertices. We study the possible characteristic polynomials that may be realized by matrices $A$ whose graph is $G$.
We primarily focus on the case $G$ is a tree $T$. Computation is used extensively, and several interesting structures emerge. This should pave the way for future study. Prior to this work, little was known. For some graphs, such as the path, it is thought that all monic polynomials are realized over any field with more than two elements, although showing this has so far proved elusive.
Therapeutic Approaches in Chronic Adenoiditis
Authors: Giourgos Georgios , Luchena Alberto , Bovi Chiara
Published: July 2023

Adenoid tissue diseases (acute adenoiditis, adenoid hypertrophy, and chronic adenoiditis) typically occur in childhood. Adenoid hypertrophy seems to be related to many factors, such as infections, passive smoking, and low vitamin D levels, while the role of allergy still remains controversial. Chronic adenoiditis incidence has increased in recent years, as a result of higher rates of upper airway infections and biofilm formation, with multiple potential clinical complications. Diagnosis is typically clinical, with physical examination and nasal endoscopy. The treatment can be medical or surgical. Non-surgical treatment of chronic adenoiditis with intranasal steroids and leukotriene inhibitors has proven to be effective, reducing the size of the adenoid tissue and symptoms. On the other hand, adenoidectomy is one of the commonest ENT surgical procedures with excellent outcomes and rare adverse events. Curettage adenoidectomy is widely used by many ENT surgeon, but presents risk of residual adenoidal tissue, especially in peritubaric and superior nasopharynx regions. In the last years, different surgical techniques have been proposed to reduce surgical risk and morbidity, such as electrocautery adenoidectomy, microdebrider adenoidectomy, and coblation adenoidectomy. Intranasal or transoral endoscopes enabled a great control of surgical field and a complete removal of adenoid tissue.
The Ethical Management of Scientific Research in Islamic Higher Education in Indonesia
Authors: Ahmadi Ahmadi
Published: July 2023

Widely accessible management is the essence of ethical management of scientific research. This article aims to elaborate on the core ethics, planning, implementation and evaluation of research in Indonesian Islamic universities to contribute to global peace. The research method through content analysis is framed in a qualitative descriptive to suit the publication of the book chapter "Ethics in Scientific Research-New Perspectives". The results show that; i) Islamic ethics, scientific paradigm, and technology as the foundation of research management, ii) research ethics planning through the establishment of scientific research applications and technical manuals, iv) implementation of research ethics through the One Taught System (OTS) http://litapdimas.kemenag. go.id, iv) evaluation of research ethics is carried out by reviewers in the fields of proposal material, research process, financing, outcomes, and research committee policies in a balanced manner.
Rodents Human Zoonotic Pathogens Transmission: Historical Background and Future Prospects
Authors: Akhtar Naveed , Hayee Sara , Idnan Muhammad , Nawaz Faheem , BiBi Sadaf
Published: July 2023

Rodents (Order Rodentia) are one of the most speciose and diversified groups of terrestrial mammals with several beneficial roles in nature. They constitute 2277 known species which make up 42% of total mammal fauna. They are reported to inhabit in all continents except Antarctica and several small islands. They perform several beneficial roles in the environment. Despite of several beneficial roles, rodents are also a source of zoonotic pathogens. Rodents are important reservoirs of evolving zoonotic diseases because they come into close contact with livestock in the agricultural background and humans in urban zones. Almost 10% of the rodent population is either a carrier or reservoir of zoonotic pathogens of public health significance. Rapid development of agricultural and industrial change throughout the globe, has led to a significant increase in zoonotic borne disease of rodents. Rodents transfer pathogenic agents to humans through direct contact, and animals or via contamination of human food, water with rodents’ stool, or through urine. Arthropod vectors on the skin of several rodents are also able to carry zoonotic pathogens. Several factors regulate human rodent pathogen transmission like rodent population handling, human socio-economic lifestyle, and even war. Human activities such as animal trade, migration, urbanization, and large-scale traveling are facilitating factors in rodent-pathogens transfer.