bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Promoting action of long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 4 in ovarian cancer
Authors: Liu Chao , Zhao Shu , Lv Zhi Xiang , Zhao Xiao Juan
Published: January 2023

Objective: Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 4 (SNHG4) has been shown to be aberrantly expressed in a variety of cancers and involved in cancer development, but its role in ovarian cancer (OC) is unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the biological function of SNHG4 in OC and reveal its potential downstream molecular targets. Methods: OC tumor tissue and normal tissue were collected; normal human ovarian epithelial cell line (IOSE80) and human ovarian cancer cell line (A2780, SKOV-3, OV-90 and CAOV3) were selected. RT-qPCR was used to detect SNHG4, miR-98-5p, and TMED5, while western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of TMED5, Ki67, MMP-9, Bcl-2, Bax, Gsk3β, Wnt3a, and β-catenin. The subcellular localization of SNHG4 was assessed by nucleocytoplasmic separation assay. CCK-8, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and Transwell were used to assess the biological behavior of OC cells. The targeting relationship between SNHG4, miR-98-5p and TMED5 was verified by dual luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay. Results: In OC, SNHG4 and TMED5 were highly expressed, and miR-98-5p was underexpressed. Knockdown of SNHG4 inhibited OC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, promoted apoptosis, and prevented Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. The effect of knockdown of SNHG4 was reversed by knockdown of miR-98-5p or overexpression of TMED5. Mechanistically, SNHG4 competitively adsorbed miR-98-5p to mediate TMED5 expression, thereby activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Conclusion: SNHG4 accelerates OC development via mediating the miR-98-5p/TMED5 axis and activating the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway. SNHG4 gene silencing might be a novel option for OC treatment.
Valores patriarcales y justicia penal. Sobre el castigo diferencial del asesinato contra los hijos e hijas
Authors: Lassalle Martina
Published: January 2023

El presente trabajo se propone mostrar el modo en que la justicia penal reproduce valores heteropatriarcales mediante el castigo penal diferencial de madres y padres por asesinatos cometidos contra hijos e hijas. Tomaremos el caso de la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires y nos centraremos en examinar el modo en que el mito hegemónico mujer-madre, y el universo de significaciones imaginarias sociales en torno a la maternidad que este organiza, permean e informan estas prácticas penales. Para ello, proponemos un abordaje cualitativo que recurra al análisis de fallos judiciales y de entrevistas realizadas a jueces y fiscales.
Corrupción, inseguridad pública y bienestar subjetivo en México
Authors: Aguilar-Barceló José G. , López-Leyva Santos , Mejía-Ramírez Mario
Published: January 2023

No obstante sus problemas sociales y públicos, México se mantiene bien posicionado en los índices mundiales de felicidad, lo que despierta dudas acerca de la conformación del bienestar subjetivo de su población. Con información de distintas encuestas nacionales, este artículo presenta un análisis descriptivo y otro econométrico para conocer cómo distintos satisfactores y afectos del ámbito personal y la percepción de factores contextuales y socioculturales como la corrupción e inseguridad pública, se relacionan con la percepción de bienestar. Se encontró que, en la construcción del bienestar subjetivo, se da más peso a factores del ámbito personal y menos a los de contexto a mayor presencia de los problemas sociales y públicos, haciendo posible que la percepción de una mayor corrupción y la de un mayor bienestar pueden coexistir. La evidencia sugiere que la población en México se ha desarrollado tolerancia a este problema.
Adaptación cultural, discriminación percibida y bienestar de migrantes sudamericanos en Chile
Authors: Navarro-Conticello Jose , Moyano-Díaz Emilio
Published: January 2023

La inmigración se ha multiplicado casi por seis en los últimos treinta años en Chile; sin embargo, es escaso el conocimiento sobre sus estrategias de adaptación cultural, discriminación percibida y bienestar, tres dimensiones que en este artículo se miden en una ciudad intermedia (Talca, Chile), recurriendo a una muestra no probabilística de migrantes sudamericanos compuesta por 255 adultos emparejados por género, que en su mayoría son venezolanos, de alto nivel educativo, biculturales (92.4%), y con un índice de bienestar alto (M=8.56 sobre 10, DE=1.21). Los resultados indican que 41.1% percibe alta discriminación, y que existe una relación negativa significativa entre la discriminación percibida y la tendencia al biculturalismo y el bienestar.
Transparencia para su explotación: gobiernos intermedios español y mexicano
Authors: Curto-Rodríguez Ricardo
Published: January 2023

España y México son países fuertemente descentralizados y potencias en datos abiertos. Por ello, valoraremos a nivel de sus gobiernos intermedios (comunidades autónomas y estados, respectivamente) la transparencia activa de sus portales open data, que son los que albergan información realmente reutilizable. Tras la revisión de 18 000 conjuntos de datos, podemos afirmar que existe un mayor desarrollo de repositorios regionales en España y de datasets relativos a la rendición de cuentas, y que solo se identifica un caso de éxito: el País Vasco.
Trabajo y migración en el Chile contemporáneo
Authors: Veloso Luarte Víctor , Ambiado Cortés Constanza , Tijoux Merino María Emilia
Published: January 2023

En este artículo se analiza la asociación de migración y trabajo en Chile, desde la crítica del fetichismo de la mercancía en el marco de la crítica de la economía política. Para ello se desplazan las nociones formales y generalizantes para obtener categorías concretas y complejas que evidencian las relaciones sociales subyacentes a las abstracciones naturalizadas, y cómo el valor subordina la vida. Se concluye que 1) tras dicha asociación están la desposesión, la desproletarización y la superexplotación que el racismo articula y naturaliza hasta inferiorizar a las personas racializadas, lo que produce a los migrantes como trabajadores excluidos de la política; y 2) que reconocer esto último es imprescindible para enfrentar al racismo y la subordinación de la vida al capital.
A comparative review of the activity of enzymes of the cytochrome P450 system in humans and laboratory animals. Prognostic value of preclinical models in vivo
Authors: Miroshnikov M. V. , Sultanova K. T. , Makarova M. N. , Makarov V. G.
Published: January 2023

Cytochrome P450 enzymes play a key role in drug biotransformation. The expression and activity of each CYP450 is influenced by a unique combination of biochemical factors, species and genetic differences, age, sex, nutrition and etc.

Cytochromes P450 are a family of heme-containing proteins involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics, drugs, and endogenous compounds. Drugs could act as inducers or inhibitors of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Understanding the mechanisms of inhibition or induction of enzymes is extremely important in preclinical studies and prescribing complex therapy. One of the main challenges in the development of therapeutic agents is to determine which animal species reflects the human ability to metabolize certain drugs. The study of CYPs and their interaction with drugs is an urgent problem in preclinical studies. Thus, an adequate and maximally similar experimental preclinical models are necessary to study the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of promising chemicals and their effect on certain cytochrome P450 enzymes.

This review compares the main subfamilies and their enzymes of the cytochrome system of humans and laboratory animals involved in drug metabolism. The problems of choosing biological models in vivo in preclinical studies in the study of medicinal substances are considered. The predictive value of in vivo models of preclinical studies was analyzed from the point of view of the cytochrome P450 system in humans and laboratory animals.
Methods and Measures for Railway Junction Functioning Stability
Authors: Palamarchuk Gennadiy , Fomin Aleksey
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Determination of methods and measures (operative, engineering-construction and organizationaltechnical) on railway junction functioning stability. Methods: General theory of systems. Results: Measure complex has been developed allowing to provide for railway junction functioning stability depending on transport situation conditions. Practical significance: Measure choice on the rise of the stability of function processes for railway junction as a major element of railways at railway transportation organization.
Hazardous Electromagnetic Impact of AC 25 kV Reverse Traction Network on Railway Automation and Remote control Devices
Authors: Manakov Aleksandr , Rahmonberdiev Abdulaziz
Published: January 2023

During electric traction of trains, railway automation and Remote control devices, connected to rails or located in close proximity to reverse traction rail network, are affected by overvoltages and overcurrents during emergency processes in a traction network. To develop, basing on mathematical models, of means and systems for protection against overvoltages and overcurrents it is required to work out a model of hazardous electromagnetic impact source at different distances from short circuit spot to traction substation and under various operating conditions. In the article, it has been developed based on state variables method a distributed mathematical model of AC traction network with 25 kV voltage. After computer experiments, it is proposed the replacement of substituion complex scheme for a traction network with equivalent parameters for each half-wave of short-circuit current. Verification has been pursued for the proposed traction network model.
Test Bench, Ice Sensor Test Results
Authors: Bubnov Vladimir , Barausov Viktor , Zabuzov Vyacheslav , Sultonov Shohruh
Published: January 2023

The article presents a test bench for studying the characteristics of the sensor for detecting ice or snow on any controlled surface. To conduct a laboratory experiment, a test bench has been developed, consisting of three parts: executive one, which includes a test object and systems, that ensure the impact of various operational factors; informational-control one, which includes control systems and measuring systems that inform on a test object and bench behavior parameters; power supply systems. ATmega2560 microcontroller on ARDUINO Mega 2560 hardware platform with SD card and real-time clock was used as an icing sensor controller. Block diagram of the test bench is given. Testing program and methodology are presented. Based on the test results, dependences of platen working surface temperature from the time passed after heater cut-in were plotted. For to save time, pre-prepared pieces of ice were placed on surface of the platens in order to simulate their icing. To evaluate icing sensor functioning in real weather conditions and to assess method for icing detection on a working surface, a computer simulation model was developed and studied in MATLAB environment. It allows to hold analysis of ongoing thermal processes in the system “object of heating”. The results of the fulfilled tests are discussed.
Prospect of Designing Automation of Urban Veloinfrastructure with the Purpose of Integration of Transport Flows of Delivery Services
Authors: Korotyhin Dmitriy , Banite Aushra , Kukushkina Elena , Plotnikov Dmitriy , Leonenko Oleg
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to development prospects for urban street road network with the purpose of integration of delivery service transport flows by the means of velotransport infrastructure introduction and its design process automation. Problems and features of cycle-structure introduction in urban conditions in view of current regulatory framework are analyzed. To solve feasibility tasks on veloinfrastructure designing with the purpose of integration of transport flows for delivery services into an urban environment the methods are proposed including transport model development for prognosis accuracy increase for an effect from being introduced veloinfrastructure onto the considered section of urban street road network. The methods application is demonstrated on the example of Saint-Petersburg city section. The effect from new bicycle infrastructure introduction accordingly delivery average time is assessed on the basis of transport modeling in PTV Visum. In accordance with the analysis pursued, the prospects of bicycle infrastructure introduction into the considered transport districts are described.
Search Automation for Failures of Pointer Radio Sensors with the Use of Technical Diagnosing and Monitoring Means
Authors: Horoshev Valeriy
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the matter of automatic diagnosing of automation hump devices such as pointer radio sensors. The matter vitality is in that considered in the article the kind of sensors fulfills important control function of turnout occupancy, but sensors’ data diagnosing is made manually and takes certain time. This time directly influences the recovery time of an object at happened failure and the more this time the lower the capacity of a sorting station. The article’s author proposes integrating into hump diagnostic complex program software of diagnostic algorithms for diagnostic procedure automation for being investigated devices. The article considers: investigation object structure, possible failures and pre-failures, the specificities of pursuing maintenance of an object. The author holds algorithm synthesis for manual diagnosing of an object and corresponding labor costs. The article proposes as an example - to solve applied tasks of object diagnosing with the use of questionnaire theory and to optimize diagnostic algorithms in real time with the use of root question method. Besides, the author considers and proposes modernized approach to all maintenance cycle for pointer radio sensors; the cycle will allow to free hours of personnel labor costs for the maintenance of investigated sensors for the production of other, no less important works.
Design Principles and Models of Automatic Control System for Second Locomotive at Virtual Assessment
Authors: Baranov Leonid , Bestemyanov Petr , Balakina Ekaterina , Pudovikov Oleg
Published: January 2023

Automatic control system model of second train locomotive at virtual assessment as well as control quality analysis approaches have been considered. The controlled value represents being calculated in train traffic process the distance between “tail” of a first train and “head” of a second one, providing traffic safety at emergency braking of a first train. This distance is called “virtual replacer length”. Formalization has been introduced allowing to account for synchronization absence at transfer of information on the coordinate and speed of a first locomotive and the control digital system work cycle of a second one. Speed and coordinate measurement errors have been considered which’re connected with lagging at information transfer and possibility of failing in decoding of received by radio channel information by second locomotive receiver. At virtual length assessment, various ways of its upper assessment have been considered, the way has been chosen, taking into account motion speeds and the coordinates of both trains, emergency braking path of a first train, the possibility of emergency braking of a first train at the beginning of the cycle of information transfer, measurement methodological and instrumental errors. Digital proportional integral differentiating control law has been considered as an operator, transforming mismatches at the choice of a control of a second locomotive. Automatic control system model has been developed which relates to impulse system class and which feature is the calculation of control action in train traffic process. The parametric synthesis of automatic control system is recommended to be held by simulation modelling methods. Control quality criteria have been chosen.
Ruptured uterus in a 36-week pregnant patient with hemorrhagic shock after blunt trauma in Korea: a case report
Authors: Jeon Sebeom , Park Suyoung , Oh Soohyun , Cho Jayun
Published: January 2023

Traumatic uterine rupture is uncommon but can be fatal and life-threatening for both the mother and infant. In addition to complications caused by trauma itself, such as pelvic fracture, gestational complications such as placental abruption, abortion, premature labor, rupture of membranes, maternal death, and stillbirth can occur. In particular, fetuses have been reported to have a high mortality rate in cases of traumatic uterine rupture. A 36-year-old pregnant female patient fell from the fourth floor and was admitted to our trauma center. We observed large hemoperitoneum, pelvic fractures, and spleen laceration, and the fetus was presumed to be located outside the uterus. The pregnant woman was hemodynamically unstable. Although the fetus was stillborn, angioembolization and surgical treatment were properly performed through collaboration with an interventional radiologist, obstetrician, and trauma surgeons. After two orthopedic operations, the patient was discharged after 34 days. This case report suggests the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of pregnant trauma patients.
Determination of Quercetin in Soursop (Annona muricata Linn.) Leaves 10 ml Liquid Preparation Using UV-Spectroscopic Method
Authors: . Sudjarwo , Husnul Khatimah Siti , Annuryanti Febri
Published: January 2023

Quercetin is a flavonoid compound that contains in Annona muricata L. leaves. UV Spectrophotometric method was used to determine quercetin from Annona muricata in liquid. The degradation was determined by selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD, and LOQ. Selectivity showed that spectra have maximum absorbance at λ 374 nm. The good linearity was showed by y = 0,07368x - 0,01937 (r = 0,9984; p<0,05). The precision of standard quercetin in a concentration of 6.4 ppm showed a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.19%. LOD and LOQ of standard quercetin were 0.0240 µg/ml and 0.0801 µg/ml, and the accuracy was 91.867±7.59%. Determination of quercetin in Annona muricata leaf extract showed the concentration of 12.62±3.29% and (263.96 ± 6.69) mg in 10 ml liquid.
An Introduction to Nanopore Sequencing: Past, Present, and Future Considerations
Authors: MacKenzie Morgan , Argyropoulos Christos
Published: January 2023

There have been several developments in the field of nanopore biosensor development and sequencing applications that address previous limitations that restricted widespread nanopore use. These innovations, paired with the large-scale commercialization of biological nanopore sequencing by Oxford Nanopore Technologies, are making these platforms a mainstay in contemporary research labs. Equipped with the ability to provide long and short-read sequencing information with quick turn-around times and simple sample preparation, nanopore sequencers are quickly improving our understanding of unsolved genetic, transcriptomic, and epigenetic problems. However, there remain some key obstacles that have yet to be improved. In this review, we provide a general introduction to nanopore sequencing principles, discussing biological and solid-state nanopore developments, obstacles to single-base detection, and library preparation considerations. We conclude with examples of important clinical applications to give perspective on the potential future of nanopore sequencing in the field of molecular diagnostics.
Pengaruh Pemberian Berbagai Konsentrasi Garam dan Frekuensi Penyiraman terhadap Pertumbuhan, Hasil, dan Kadar Flavonoid pada Tanaman Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum)
Authors: Saputro Agusti Ardiansyah , Armita Deffi , Nihayati Ellis
Published: January 2023

Salt stress and infrequent watering application obstruct sweet basil growth and yield. But both condition can increase flavonoid production. The aim of this research is to get tolerant level of sweet basil plant on various salt concentration and watering frequency with several parameters consists of growth, yields, and flavonoid contents. The research was conducted from October 2021-January 2022 at the greenhouse of Petahunan Village, Pasuruan City. The method used was a factorial of randomized block design with various watering frequency consisist of once a day (W0), once on two days (W1), and once on three days (W2). Various salt concentration consists of 0 ppm (N0), 1000 ppm (N1), 2000 ppm (N2), 3000 ppm (N3), and 4000 ppm (N4). There is an interaction between saline medium and infrequence watering, whenever with more watering can decrease saline effect on plant primary metabolism. Interaction betweet saline medium and infrequence watering inhibit plant vegetative growth. But saline that interaction can improve sweet basil yields such us flowers, seeds, and also flavonoid contents on leaves. The research conclusion is that interaction between saline medium and infrequence watering obstructed vegetative growth, but increase  yields and flavonoid contents.
Digital Twin Concept Utilizing Electrical Resistivity Tomography for Monitoring Seawater Intrusion
Authors: Leon Joseph Aristotle R. De , Concepcion II Ronnie S. , Billones Robert Kerwin C. , Baun Jonah Jahara G. , Custodio Jose Miguel F. , Vicerra Ryan Rhay P. , Bandala Argel A. , Dadios Elmer P.
Published: January 2023

Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) has been seen as an appropriate instrument in several works to monitor and aid in the control of seawater intrusion (SWI) in coastal groundwater systems. This study seeks to discuss the synthesis of a digital twin that couples information between the physical space through ERT as a monitoring sensor and the digital space using SWI simulations to accurately model the behavior of SWI in the present and future settings. To showcase the concept, a Python-based simulation was presented that shows (a) the joint forward modeling-simulation scheme for calculating expected ERT apparent resistivity values from simulated SWI and (b) the calibration of the digital coastal aquifer system through genetic algorithm to accurately match the outputs of the SWI simulations with the ERT measurements.
Gradient-Based Scheduler for Scientific Workflows in Cloud Computing
Authors: Wang Danjing , Li Huifang , Zhang Youwei , Zhang Baihai
Published: January 2023

It is becoming increasingly attractive to execute workflows in the cloud, as the cloud environment enables scientific applications to utilize elastic computing resources on demand. However, despite being a key to efficiently managing application execution in the cloud, traditional workflow scheduling algorithms face significant challenges in the cloud environment. The gradient-based optimizer (GBO) is a newly proposed evolutionary algorithm with a search engine based on the Newton’s method. It employs a set of vectors to search in the solution space. This study designs a gradient-based scheduler by using GBO for workflow scheduling to minimize the usage costs of workflows under given deadline constraints. Extensive experiments are conducted on well-known scientific workflows of different sizes and types using WorkflowSim. The experimental results show that the proposed scheduling algorithm outperforms five other state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of both the constraint satisfiability and cost optimization, thereby verifying its advantages in addressing workflow scheduling problems.
Strategic Roadmapping Framework for Disaster Response: Case of COVID-19 Pandemic Vaccine Rollout Program in the UK
Authors: Yang Yuna , Vinayavekhin Sukrit , Phaal Robert , O’Sullivan Eoin , Leelawat Natt
Published: January 2023

Strategic planning in response to disasters is distinctly different from strategic planning in normal situations. The experience of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has shown that a vaccine rollout program as a disaster response requires a different approach from current routine vaccination and disaster response frameworks. A holistic conceptual framework for planning vaccine rollout disaster response programs is proposed, building on the experience of COVID-19. The customizable framework was developed to have high dynamicity, flexibility, and applicability, incorporating key decision-making factors and suitable time frames (phases and transitions), based on roadmapping principles and techniques. In this research, we focus on the COVID-19 pandemic vaccine rollout program in the United Kingdom (UK) as a representative case of disaster response planning due to the availability of public data and access to the relevant stakeholders. We applied Platts’ process approach as a methodology and used various sources of information including an extensive literature review, expert interviews, and retrospective roadmapping (mapping past experience). As a result, we propose a strategic roadmapping framework for the COVID-19 vaccine rollout program to support visual planning of time-based strategies with the integration of various resources and demand environments. Apart from this practical contribution, we demonstrate that the concept of roadmapping can be applied beyond technology and innovation management domains to a novel research domain such as disaster response.
Life and Stress of Japanese Children and Adolescents During the Prolonged Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
Authors: Okuyama Junko , Seto Shuji , Fukuda Yu , Ito Kiyoshi , Imamura Fumihiko , Funakoshi Shunichi , Izumi Shin-Ichi
Published: January 2023

This study surveyed adult web monitor enrollees about the lives of and stress experienced by Japanese children and adolescents during the prolonged coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The survey was conducted on February 10, 2022 (after the sixth wave) and August 19, 2022 (during the seventh wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan), with 231 and 217 survey participants, respectively. The questionnaire was designed so that adults could assess the frequency of exercise, and difficulties experienced by children and adolescents around them. Regarding exercise opportunities, 22% of parents of middle and high school children reported that children’s exercise opportunities “stayed the same” or “increased considerably” in the first survey. Whereas, in the second survey, all parents of middle and high school children reported that children’s exercise opportunities “decreased.” Regarding stress, 17% of parents of adolescents 18 years and older responded that the stress experienced was the “same as before” or “a little less than before” in the first survey, but all of these parents responded “quite a bit” to the same question in the second survey. The findings suggest that the life changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic may have a significant impact on children and adolescents and may increase stress. The long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents should be further investigated.
Pengaruh Praktik Kewirausahaan terhadap Motivasi Berwirausaha Peserta Didik
Authors: Kartika Yuni , Sumartono Bambang Genjik , Syamsuri Syamsuri
Published: January 2023

Menanamkan motivasi berwirausaha bagi peserta didik menjadi hal penting dimana memanfaatkan peran praktik kewirausahaan di Sekolah dalam menciptakan banyak wirausahawan muda dimasa mendatang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana praktik kewirausahaan dan motivasi berwirausaha peserta didik kelas XII Akuntansi SMK Negeri 7 Pontianak, serta seberapa besar pengaruh praktik kewirausahaan terhadap motivasi berwirausaha peserta didik kelas XII Akuntansi SMK Negeri 7 Pontianak. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode korelasional. Riset ini  mengambil 64 peserta didik sebagai partisipan penelitian. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu statistik deskriptif dan regresi linier sederhana. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: hasil praktik kewirausahaan termasuk dalam kategori sangat tinggi dengan persentase 86,03%, motivasi berwirausaha peserta didik kelas XII Akuntansi termasuk sangat tinggi dengan persentase 86,25%, dan praktik kewirausahaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi berwirausaha peserta didik kelas XII Akuntansi SMK Negeri 7 Pontianak dengan besaran pengaruh sebesar 35,2 % sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel yang belum diteliti misalnya kurikulum, model pembelajaran kewirausahaan dan lingkungan keluarga dan menjadi rekomendasi bagi peneliti selanjutnya untuk mengkajinya.
Indikator Kemandirian dalam Profil Pelajar Pancasila pada Akhir Fase C Rentang Usia 12 – 15 Tahun
Authors: Kamal Mustafa , Rochmiyati Siti
Published: January 2023

Kemendikbud dalam merealisasikan visi Presiden pada RPJMN Tahun 2020-2024, serta visi Indonesia 2045 akan mewujudkan Indonesia Maju Berdaulat, mandiri dan berkepribadian melalui terciptanya Pelajar Pancasila yang bernalar kritis, kreatif, mandiri, beriman, bertakwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, dan berakhlak Mulia, bergotong royong, dan berkebinekaan global. Perumusan kebijakan dan pelaksanaan pembangunan bidang pendidikan dan kebudayaan akan mengedepankan inovasi guna mencapai kemajuan dan kemandirian Indonesia. Kemandirian dalam Profil Pelajar Pancasila memiliki dua elemen kunci; 1) kesadaran akan diri dan situasi yang dihadapi, dan 2) Regulasi diri. Artikel ini merupakan kajian dalam bentuk studi pustaka untuk mempertegas apa yang dimaksud dengan ke dua elemen kemandirian Profil Pelajar Pancasila dan apa saja yang bisa menjadi indikator kedua elemen kemandirian Profil Pelajar Pancasila. Berdasarkan hasil kajian terdahulu terkait kebermanfaatan kemandirian dalam diri seseorang (pelajar) dan karakter-karakter yang muncul, disusun sebuah kemandirian yang mencerminkan kedua elemen kunci kemandirian Profil Pemuda Pancasila, khususnya pada perkembangan anak usia 12-15 tahun yang didalam alur perkembangan Profil Mandiri kemendikbud merupakan akhir fase C.
Morphodynamic Preservation of Fluvial Channel Belts
Authors: Cardenas Benjamin T. , Lamb Michael P. , Jobe Zane R. , Mohrig David , Swartz John M.
Published: January 2023

The fluvial sedimentary record is largely composed of deposits from relatively common flow events, rather than more catastrophic scour-and-fill events. At the scales of bedforms, such deposits are preserved within the stratigraphic record because they rapidly accumulate within, and are protected by, morphodynamic topographic depressions that occur naturally in the fluvial system as a result of feedbacks between flow, sediment transport, and topography. Examples include the preservation of ripples in front of dunes, dunes in front of bars, and bars within channels. Here, we used 3D seismic data that images preserved channel belts to test the hypothesis that alluvial-ridge basins, morphodynamic depressions formed between raised channel beds due to decreasing sedimentation rates away from channels in alluvial settings, are a source of topography driving channel-belt-scale preservation. Using the 3D seismic data, we measured the stratigraphic positions of channel belts, as well as their lengths, widths, sinuosities, and centerline orientations in the 3D seismic dataset. Results are consistent with well-preserved channel belts steered by alluvial-ridge-basin topography. Further, the thickness of the channel-belt interval exceeds the relief of any one alluvial-ridge basin, suggesting the volume records the filling of multiple alluvial-ridge basins and that the process is common. Characterizing the stratigraphic signature of alluvial-ridge basins is necessary for understanding contrasting fluvial architectures where external forcings prevented their formation.
First tobacco product tried and current use of cigarettes and electronic cigarettes among adolescents from Guatemala City
Authors: Mus Sophia , Monzon Jose , Islam Farahnaz , Thrasher James F , Barnoya Joaquin
Published: January 2023

Objective. To assess how first experimenting with ciga­rettes or e-cigarettes is associated with current use in Gua­temala, a middle-income country with weak tobacco control and no e-cigarette regulations. Materials and methods. We surveyed students from private schools in Guatemala City, limiting analyses to ever users (n=1 026). Multinomial logistic models regressed current product use on first product used, adjusting for sociodemographics and friends and family use. Results. The most common first product used was e-cigarettes (56%), followed by flavored cigarettes (24%) and regular cigarettes (20%). At the time of the survey, 4% were exclusive smokers, 37% were exclusive e-cigarette users, 18% dual users, and 40% had ever tried either but were not current users. Compared to those who first tried cigarettes, students who first tried e-cigarettes were less likely to be current smokers (RR=0.19 [CI: 0.11,0.31]) or dual users (RR=0.26 [CI: 0.14,0.49]) and students who first tried flavored cigarettes were more likely to be current smokers (RR=1.66 [CI=1.13,2.42]). Conclusions. In our sample, Guatemalan adolescents from private schools more frequently experiment and continue to use e-cigarettes than cigarettes. There is urgent need to implement e-cigarette restrictions in addition to tobacco control policy implementation.
AI in Hydraulic Fracturing: The Journey from Guessing to Certainty
Authors: Machado Thiago , Mohammed Adnan
Published: January 2023

The growth in hydrocarbon extraction from shale basins has come with a set of challenges in doing so efficiently, safely and in an economically viable manner. The emergence of practices like Continuous Frac and Simul-Frac have become commonplace as operators continue to drive efficiency up, further increasing the frequency and complexity of decision-making throughout the job. Thus the impact of incorrect or non-timely decisions is accentuated, with unplanned downtime caused by unexpected equipment failure or human mistakes among the top reasons of Non-Productive Time. Hydraulic fracturing processes in North America have progressed majorly since its inception from a process once predominantly dependent upon human intervention towards more human-assisted automated operation.

In this paper, the authors have investigated the potential for providing AI-enabled assistance for the regular operational tasks as the solution for providing high centainty data-supported insights to support decision-making. Specifically, we looked at providing early alerts of probable equipment failures and flagging up process inefficiencies, or deviations, that may be subsequently addressed to further improve performance. We show the steps taken by authors and internal teams to successfully develop and deploy a digital control and assistant system within its hydraulic fracturing equipment offering that enables a shift from direct manual to semi- and fully autonomous operation, from reactive to a proactive approach to maintenance and failure prevention, all which in turn have resulted in prolonged operational life and efficiency of equipment, thus reducing Non-Productive Time.
A Reinforcement Learning Approach for Real-Time Autonomous Decision-Making in Well Construction
Authors: Keshavarz Sahar , Vita Petr , Rueckert Elmar , Ortner Ronald , Thonhauser Gerhard
Published: January 2023

The drilling industry is permanently seeking to reduce operational costs by improving the efficiency of the drilling process. The complexity and uncertainty of the drilling process and limited information during the well construction lead to difficulty in applying standard control methods and detecting and monitoring the actual ongoing state of the operation. All these represent challenges in order to achieve a fully autonomous drilling sequence.

An autonomous decision-making framework for a systematic plan update based on the current well construction status and available surface and downhole information is presented. The primary objective, minimization of the time to reach the total depth (TD) of a well, has to be fulfilled in multi-level finite operational horizons within the next few minutes up to the TD while keeping associated short- and long-term risks at acceptable levels. The problem is represented as a mathematical description called Markov Decision Process (MDP) defining the ongoing rig state, operational actions, and policies.

The methodology has been implemented on a wait-to-slip hole conditioning operation to demonstrate the viability of the approach using surface sensor information. The value of states is estimated by performing infinite state-action transition evaluations, a method of Reinforcement Learning, to prescribe the best possible set of actions to commit to the combined reward and penalty objectives. In the context of this research, the environment dynamic has been assumed to be fully known to apply Dynamic Programming approaches. The sensitivity analysis was performed confirming the selection of model parameters. The results show the potential for reducing non-necessary operation activities.

The paper presents a novel method for well construction operation planning that connects decision-making over multi-level operation levels. The proper design of such a system is an essential step toward a fully automatized well construction decision-making system.
Enhancing Drilling Operations Through Edge Analytics: Evaluation of IIoT Architecture for Remote Rig Automation
Authors: Saghir Fahd , Qais Tariq , Malibari Maher , Alaas Yusef
Published: January 2023

As Oil and Gas operators look to make their Drilling Operations more safe, reliable, and efficient, they now have the option of leveraging Edge Analytics for solving diverse technical, human, and business challenges experienced at a rig site. Reliable and high-speed data connectivity is a major challenge at rig sites as most drilling operations are conducted in remote locations; therefore, Edge Analytics based solutions provide operators with the opportunity to deploy state-of-the-art technologies such as Robotics, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), Machine Vision and real-time Artificial Intelligence applications. However, with limited data connectivity options, and restriction of hosting confidential data on cloud platforms, the traditional cloud based Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) architectures are not feasible for many global operators.

In this paper we will discuss the various challenges and opportunities for deploying Edge Analytics at rig sites and investigate variations of traditional IIoT architectures that can be adapted to remote Drilling Operations. Specifically, we will discuss non-cloud-based architectures and applications that can be deployed and managed over a hybrid communication architecture that is not dependent on a cloud platform.
Cell-based assays for potential prognostic biomarkers in PDAC
Authors: Hyeon Do Young , Nam Dowoon , Han Youngmin , Kim Duk Ki , Kim Gibeom , Kim Daeun , Bae Jingi , Back Seunghoon , Mun Dong-Gi , Madar Inamul Hasan , Lee Hangyeore , Kim Su-Jin , Kim Hokeun , Hyun Sangyeop , Kim Chang Rok , Choi Seon Ah , Kim Yong Ryoul , Jeong Juhee , Jeon Suwan , Choo Yeon Woong , Lee Kyung Bun , Kwon Wooil , Choi Seunghyuk , Goo Taewan , Park Taesung , Suh Young-Ah , Kim Hongbeom , Ku Ja-Lok , Kim Min-Sik , Paek Eunok , Park Daechan , Jung Keehoon , Baek Sung Hee , Jang Jin-Young , Hwang Daehee , Lee Sang-Won
Published: January 2023

The associated publication reports proteogenomic analysis of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), where we provided significantly mutated genes (SMGs)/biomarkers, cellular pathways, and cell types as potential therapeutic targets to improve stratification of patients with PDAC. This protocol describes the detailed methods for cell-based assays for potential prognostic biomarkers in PDAC, including cell culture, viral transduction, and cell-based assays.
Assays for orthotopic PDAC mouse models
Authors: Hyeon Do Young , Nam Dowoon , Han Youngmin , Kim Duk Ki , Kim Gibeom , Kim Daeun , Bae Jingi , Back Seunghoon , Mun Dong-Gi , Madar Inamul Hasan , Lee Hangyeore , Kim Su-Jin , Kim Hokeun , Hyun Sangyeop , Kim Chang Rok , Choi Seon Ah , Kim Yong Ryoul , Jeong Juhee , Jeon Suwan , Choo Yeon Woong , Lee Kyung Bun , Kwon Wooil , Choi Seunghyuk , Goo Taewan , Park Taesung , Suh Young-Ah , Kim Hongbeom , Ku Ja-Lok , Kim Min-Sik , Paek Eunok , Park Daechan , Jung Keehoon , Baek Sung Hee , Jang Jin-Young , Hwang Daehee , Lee Sang-Won
Published: January 2023

The associated publication reports proteogenomic analysis of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), where we provided significantly mutated genes (SMGs)/biomarkers, cellular pathways, and cell types as potential therapeutic targets to improve stratification of patients with PDAC. This protocol describes the detailed methods for assays for orthotopic PDAC mouse models, including mouse tumour tissue processing, ultrasound imaging, Masson-trichrome staining, and IHC analysis for immune cell markers.
Reconstructing human somitogenesis with somitoid and segmentoid
Authors: Miao Yuchuan , Pourquié Olivier
Published: January 2023

The metameric organization of vertebrates is first implemented when somites, which contain the precursors of skeletal muscles and vertebrae, are rhythmically generated from the presomitic mesoderm1. This process of somitogenesis is vital for body plan development2, yet very little is known about human somitogenesis given limited access to early embryos and ethical concerns. Here we develop two novel 3D culture systems of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), called somitoids and segmentoids, which can recapitulate the formation of epithelial somite-like structures3. In contrast to gastruloids4,5 or trunk-like structures6 which harbor cell lineages derived from the three germ layers, our two models contain almost exclusively paraxial mesoderm. Somitoids recapitulate the temporal sequence of somitogenesis, with all cells undergoing differentiation and morphogenesis in a synchronous manner. This system can provide unlimited amounts of cells precisely synchronized in their differentiation and will allow exploring these patterning processes at an unprecedented level of detail. On the other hand, segmentoids reconstruct the spatio-temporal features of somitogenesis, including gene expression dynamics, tissue elongation, sequential somite morphogenesis, and AP polarity patterning. They therefore provide an excellent proxy to study human somitogenesis. Together, these two complementary models provide a valuable platform to decode general principles of somitogenesis and advance knowledge of human development.
A New Algorithm for Secure Data Communication by Extension of Key-space Dimension
Authors: UNIYAL NITIN
Published: January 2023

The heavy dependency of cryptography methods on mathematical theory and computational science necessitates the designing of a computationally secure cryptographic algorithm which is hard to break by an adversary. Matrix methods are intensively used in cryptography for their robustness and adaptability in the encryption of long messages but time complexity is a big concern while dealing with matrices of volumetric size. Further, the key generation function may limit the size of key domain which compromises the perfect security. Our work addresses these hindrances in priority to give an algorithm which is perfectly secure. This work contributes towards the matrix methods in cryptography; the two main attributes of a secured communication namely, true randomness of key selection and a liberty to extend the dimension of key space.
Environmental risk assessment of petrogenic hydrocarbon spills in mangrove ecosystems: the Tumaco case study as a baseline, Colombian Pacific
Authors: Ríos-Mármol Mary , Daniel-Hincapié Inger , Vivas-Aguas Lizbeth-Janet , Romero-D’Achiardi Diana , Espinosa-Díaz Luisa , Canals Miquel , Garcés-Ordóñez Ostin
Published: January 2023

Petrogenic hydrocarbon spills (PHS) are harmful to mangrove ecosystems along tropical coastlines both in the short and long term. The aim of this study was to assess the environmental risk of recurrent PHS on mangrove ecosystems in Tumaco municipality, Colombian Pacific. Mangrove characteristics and management aspects led to subdividing the entire the study into 11 units-of-analysis (UA) for which threats, vulnerability, potential impacts, and risks were assessed based on environmental factors and the formulation and use of indicators in a rating scale with five categories, which are very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. The results showed that all UAs are highly (64%) or moderately (36%) threatened by PHS, highly (45%) or moderately (55%) vulnerable to this kind of pollution, and susceptible of high (73%) or moderate (27%) potential impacts. Environmental risk was high in 73% of the UAs, indicating likely irreversible damage to mangrove ecosystems by PHS, thus pointing to the need of urgent intervention by responsible authorities to ease their recovery and conservation. The methodology and results of this study become technical inputs that serve for environmental control and monitoring, which can be incorporated into contingency and risk management plans.
Cell-Specific Effects of Temporal Interference Stimulation on Cortical Function
Authors: Martinez Sara Caldas , Goswami Chaitanya , Forssell Mats , Cao Jiaming , Barth Alison , Grover Pulkit
Published: January 2023

Temporal interference (TI) stimulation is gaining tremendous interest as a non-invasive neurostimulation breakthrough. The observation is striking: pure sinusoid (generated in shallow brain regions) appears to cause no stimulation, whereas modulated sinusoid (generated in deeper brain regions) does. To understand its effects and mechanisms, we examine responses of different cell-types, excitatory pyramidal (Pyr) and inhibitory parvalbumin (PV) expressing neurons, to pure and modulated sinusoids, in intact network as well as in isolation. In intact network,
we present data showing that PV neurons are much less likely than
Pyr neurons to exhibit TI stimulation. Remarkably, in isolation, our data shows that almost all Pyr neurons stop exhibiting TI stimulation. We conclude that TI stimulation is largely a network phenomenon. Indeed, PV neurons have a substantially higher firing rate with pure 038 sinusoid (shallow brain) than with modulated sinusoid (deep brain), suggesting that in shallow regions, inhibitory PV neurons actively reduce firing of excitatory Pyr neurons. Additionally, we use computational models to study the (rare) neurons that do exhibit TI stimulation in isolation and observe that this can be explained by an integral-control based high-frequency current balance in the neural ion currents.
Intraoperative Frozen Section Margin Positive in Breast-Conserving Surgery; Current Status and Ways to Reduce It.
Authors: LEE JIN , Ko Beom Seok , Yoo Tae-Kyung , Lee Sae Byul , Kim Jisun , Chung Il Yong , Kim Hee Jeong , Lee Jong Won , Son Byung Ho
Published: January 2023

Purpose
There have been many analyzes of permanent resection margin (PM) in breast conserving surgery (BCS) but few studies have organized the data of intraoperative frozen section margin (FM). We were aimed to focus more on FM and organize the data including FM.
Methods
A single center, retrospective study was conducted. The electronic medical records of the patients who underwent BCS for breast cancer between January 2015 and December 2015 in Asan Medical Center were reviewed. We investigated the rate of positive FM and the difference in operation time according to the result of FM. Also, we analyzed various patient and tumor related factors which can affect the result of resection margin (RM) including FM.
Results
1,110 patients were included in the analysis. FM evaluation was done in 56.5% (627/1110). The rate of positive FM was 12.4% (78/627). The operation time was significantly longer when additional resection was done for positive FM (112.7 ± 32.6 min vs 74.7 ± 22.9 min, p < .001). By univariate analysis, multiplicity, non-mass enhancement (NME) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), maximum diameter on MRI, T3, N2-3, invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), presence of extensive intraductal component (EIC) and presence of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) were factors significantly associated with the result of RM while after multivariate analysis, multiplicity, ILC and presence of EIC showed statistical significance.
Conclusions
The operation time was significantly longer when additional resection was done for positive FM. Further data collection and organization is needed for standardized predictive tool for FM.