bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cazadores de la Puna de Salta en escala cronológica amplia (ca. 11000-3000 años AP): Paisaje arqueológico cinegético en el sector de Pozo Cavado, cuenca de Pocitos
Authors: López Gabriel , Orsi Juan , Seguí Silvina , Araya Sonia , Solá Patricia , Coloca Federico
Published: August 2023

Se presenta nueva evidencia para caracterizar el paisaje arqueológico cinegético del sector de Pozo Cavado, cuenca de Pocitos, Puna de Salta, entre ca. 11000 y 3000 años AP. En particular, se analizan los conjuntos arquitectónicos y líticos. En las construcciones, se reconocen parapetos y muros extensos que podrían haber conformado un espacio de caza intensa de camélidos, mientras que entre el material lítico, se relevaron los artefactos tiempo-sensitivos, principalmente vinculados con tecnología extractiva. Específicamente, se recuperó una preforma de punta cola de pescado en un contexto superficial, cuyo hallazgo representa información relevante debido a la escasez de esta clase de artefactos en el Noroeste argentino. También se distinguieron puntas triangulares apedunculadas tempranas, aunque predominan distintas variantes lanceoladas. Estas últimas, en conjunto con el registro cronológico y arqueológico en capa del sitio Abrigo Pozo Cavado, indican una mayor intensidad de ocupación a lo largo del Holoceno medio y, en particular, hacia fines de este período. Más generalmente, el conjunto de los indicadores analizados parece señalar la construcción de un paisaje de caza perdurable en una escala cronológica de largo plazo.
Las enfermedades relacionadas con el asbesto en América Latina: una mirada desde la Antropología Médica Crítica
Authors: Cortez Gómez Renata Gabriela
Published: August 2023

Las enfermedades relacionadas con el asbesto (ERA) ocasionan alrededor de 255,000 muertes al año en el mundo; sin embargo, no han despertado el interés de la antropología médica latinoamericana, pese a que en esta región se dio la mayor productividad mundial de asbesto en la década de 1980. A partir de la revisión documental de producción científica, literatura gris y otros recursos, este artículo busca elucidar el potencial de las aportaciones teóricas de la Antropología Médica Crítica para el estudio de cómo se viven y se atienden estas enfermedades en la región, desde tres dimensiones de análisis: a) las ERA como producto del sistema capitalista, b) las dificultades en el acceso a atención y pensión de los afectados, c) la lucha como una forma de agenciamiento de los afectados. Desde esta mirada crítica, que subraya la importancia del abordaje dialéctico entre las relaciones de dominación y resistencia, el artículo abona a la reconstrucción del estado del arte y una historización del problema en la región.
Judicial Control of Parliamentary Procedure: Theoretical Framework Analyses
Authors: Szabó Zsolt
Published: August 2023

Parliamentary procedures are undoubtedly at the heart of (national) parliamentary sovereignty. However, in the last two decades, courts, including supranational ones (e.g. ECtHR), are increasingly getting involved in assessing the application of parliamentary rules and procedures. This increasing judicial activism highlights the importance of finding the equilibrium between the right to an effective judicial remedy, which inevitably should encompass parliamentary decisions, and the principles of separation of powers and parliamentary autonomy. This paper analyses a possible theoretical framework of (judicial) remedies against parliamentary procedural decisions, distinguishing between types of procedural rules, applicants, fora, extents of judicial activism and types of judicial review. It concludes that the different types of remedies are highly dependent on the political landscape and the government structure. It is yet advisable that a permanent, extra-parliamentary forum, a kind of “House-Rules-Court” should be established in countries, where the House Speaker does not enjoy full respect and neutrality.
Breathing Life into the Constitution: the Transformative Role of Courts to Give a Unique Identity to a Constitution
Authors: De Villiers Bertus
Published: August 2023

This paper reflects on the transformative role of courts to direct and change the pathway of the countries in which they serve. The paper commences with a brief discussion of what is meant by transformative constitutionalism. It takes issue with the proposition that newly created courts under post 1990-constitutions are more prone to constitutional transformation than courts under older constitutions. It shows how there have been examples where courts have transformed their societies throughout the history of courts. It also points out that courts must, regardless of their transformative role, demonstrate respect for the separation of powers since all organs of government must work together to effectively transform society. The paper then focuses on 4 case studies where courts have radically transformed their society, namely Germany through the use of Bundestreue to give content to the federal system; India where Directive Principles of state policy are used to give content to human rights; Australia where the Aboriginal native title had been recognised after 200 years of denial; and South Africa where Ubuntu is used as a life-giving word to effect social justice. The proposition put is that the transformative ability of a constitution and the judiciary serving under that constitution is not determined by the age of the constitution, but by the ability of its justices to determine disputes on the facts, in accordance with the law, and in reflection of the realities of the society in which they reside. The fault lines of society often rapture in litigation, and that is when and where judges may direct a nation into a new direction.
ETIKA BERSOSIALISASI DENGAN AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Mujiburrahman Mujiburrahman , Ali Ibnu , Tohir Ali
Published: August 2023

Bersosialisasi dengan Al-Qur’an merupakan salah satu pengalaman yang berharga bagi seorang muslim. Pengalaman bersosialisasi dengan Al-Qur’an dapat terungkap melalui lisan, tulisan, maupun perbuatan. Lebih-lebih Al-Qur’an merupakan pedoaman hidup orang muslim yang lahir dari firman Allah Swt. Sebagai kitab suci yang memuat firman-Nya, tentu umat Islam sangat menghormati dan menjunjung tinggi terhadap Al-Qur’an. Dari uraian tersebut, penulis akan memaparkan beberapa etika dalam bersosialisasi dengan Al-Qur’an, baik yang dijelaskan di dalam al-Qur’an, Hadits maupun pendapat para ulama. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi kepustakaan (library research), penulis berupaya mengumpulkan data yang menyangkut tentang etika bersosialisasi dengan Al-Qur’an yang menyangkut tentang pentinganya menghormati ataupun mengagungkan terhadap Al-Qur’an. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan terhadap tema etika bersosialisasi dengan Al-Qur’an diantaranya adalah: Berniat ikhlas untuk beribadah kepada Allah Swt, Membersihkan mulut, Membaca al-Qur’an dalam Kondisi Bersuci, Tempat yang bersih, Menghadap Kiblat, Memulai Qiraah dengan Bacaan Ta’awudz, Mengawali Surat dengan Bacaan Basmalah, Mentadabburi Ayat, Membaca al-Qur’an dengan tartil, Tidak Boleh Membaca Al-Qur’an dengan Bahasa Selain Arab, Membaca Al-Qur’an Sesuai Urutan Mushaf, Membaca Al-Qur’an dengan Melihat Mushaf, Disunnahkan Berdoa Ketika mengkhatamkan Al-Qur’an Dengan Doa-doa Kebaikan, Meletakkan Al-Qur’an ditempat Yang Layak dan Tinggi, dan masih banyak etika-etika lainnya yang belum disebutkan dalam artikel ini.
A comprehensive neutrosophic model for evaluating the efficiency of airlines based on SBM model of network DEA
Authors:   Department of Industrial Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran, Rasinojehdehi Reza , Valami Hadi Bagherzadeh ,   Department of Applied Mathematics, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH), Shahr-rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Published: August 2023

This research aims to provide an innovative framework for evaluating airline performance through the networking of decision-making units (DMUs) and neutrosophic data. As a consequence, we propose a comprehensive methodology for assessing the efficiency of these decision-making units. Network data envelopment analysis (DEA) models deal with measurements of relative efficiency of DMUs when the insight of their internal structures is available. In network models, sub-processes are connected by links or intermediate products. Links have the dual role of output from one division or sub-process and input to another one. Therefore, improving the efficiency score of one division by increasing its output may reduce the score of another division because of increasing its input. To address this conflict, we proposed a new approach in Slack-Based Measure (SBM) framework and neutrosophic logic, which provide deeper insights regarding the sources of inefficiency. Our approach is a new network model, in which the intermediate products are classified into two groups of “input-type”, and “output-type” that their excesses and shortfalls directly concern with the objective function. The results of the illustrated case and analysis show that the constructed model may successfully produce performance assessments. By taking into account the number of slacks or surpluses of these products in the objective function, the proposed model gives analysts and managers a more accurate assessment of network structure efficiency. In this paper, we present a new model in the field of network data envelopment analysis with SBM approach in a neutrosphonic environment, in which for the first time the nature of intermediate products in terms of input or output is investigated. Also, the proposed framework is the first attempt to performance evaluation in neutrosophic network DEA.
Sosialisasi Cuci Tangan dan Gosok Gigi Di TK Negeri Pembina 1 Pinggir Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kesadaran Kesehatan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Tulzahra Fadilah
Published: August 2023

Health education has an important role in building children's awareness and understanding of the importance of taking care of themselves. Moments like helping children brush their teeth and wash their hands together can be valuable educational moments, where they learn that self-care is a form of compassion for self and others. Lack of understanding of the importance of washing hands with soap and proper dental care has become a serious concern. Therefore, effective steps are needed to assist students in increasing their awareness regarding proper hand washing and dental care practices. This is the goal of the author in procuring this activity. The target of community service activities is the students of TK Negeri Pembina 1 in Muara Basung Village, Pinggir District. This work program was carried out on July 17 2023 with participants from TK Negeri Pembina 1, Pinggir District. Data collection applied in this work program is observation, literature review, and documentation. This activity was carried out in several stages, namely (1) we introduced the program to all students at Pembina 1 Pinggir Kindergarten, including various existing classes, (2) delivered material by adding simple entertainment elements such as dental phantom media so that it attracted students to pay more attention, (3) a questioning session followed by giving prizes in the form of a complete toothbrush.
Developmental Structure Of Digital Maturity
Authors: Hofmans Lieke , van der Stappen Annemarijn , van den Bos Wouter
Published: August 2023

The last decades have seen growing attention for the positive and negative effects of digital technology on adolescent’s wellbeing. Large individual variability these effects are likely to reflect individual differences in the way people use digital devices. Here, we focus on a newly introduced concept, digital maturity, to measure to what extent young individuals use digital technology in a healthy, adaptive way. The recently developed Digital Maturity Inventory (DIMI) uses self-report to measure ten domains that constitute digital maturity of adolescents. To explore how these domains are interconnected, and how this changes across adolescence and into adulthood, we employed a moderated network model. Using the newly developed Digital Maturity Inventory (DIMI), we measured digital maturity scores of 378 participants, aged 9-43 years. The results revealed that support-seeking and the regulation of aggressive impulses are core domains within the network, indicating important starting points for intervention studies. Age did not moderate the interactions within the network, suggesting that digital maturity is a relatively robust concept across adolescence and into adulthood.
Psychometric properties of the Children’s Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-8) among refugee adolescents from Afghanistan, Syria, and Somalia
Authors: Kankaanpää Reeta , Peltonen Kirsi , Vänskä Mervi , Opaas Marianne , Spaas Caroline , derluyn ilse , Jervelund Signe Smith , Skovdal Morten , Durbeej Natalie , Osman Fatumo , De Haene Lucia , de Smet Sofie , Andersen Arnfinn J. , Hilden Per Kristian , Verelst An
Published: August 2023

High levels of post-traumatic stress are well-documented among refugees. Yet, refugee youths display high heterogeneity in their type of trauma and symptom levels. Following the recurrent plea for validated trauma screening tools, this study investigated the psychometric properties of the Children’s Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-8) among youths from Afghanistan (n=148), Syria (n=234), and Somalia (n=175) living in Europe. The model fit for the factor structures was tested as well as measurement invariance between the three groups. The robustness of results was evaluated by also testing measurement invariance between recently arrived and settled youths, and between different response labelling options. Reliability estimates were calculated as well as prevalence estimates. The intrusion subscale showed a better stable model fit than the avoidance subscale, but the two-factor structure was mainly supported. Configural measurement invariance was achieved between Afghan and Somali youths and strong measurement invariance between Syrian and Somali youths. The results were robust considering the time living in the host country and response labelling styles. Reliability was low among Afghan and Syrian youths, whereas high among Somali youths. There were statistically significant differences in symptom prevalence: Afghan youths had high prevalence compared to Syrian and Somali youths, and unaccompanied refugee minors (URMs) compared to accompanied youths. This study mostly supported the use of the CRIES-8 among adolescents from Afghanistan, Syria, and Somalia, and even comparative analyses of group means. Variation in reliability estimates, however, makes diagnostic predictions difficult as the risk for misclassification is high.
A Multisite Feasibility Randomized Clinical Trial of Mindfulness-Based Resilience Training for Aggression, Stress, and Health in Law Enforcement Officers
Authors: Christopher Michael , Bowen Sarah , Witkiewitz Katie , Grupe Daniel W , Goerling Richard , Hunsinger Matthew , Oken Barry , Korecki Tyrus , Rosenbaum Nils
Published: August 2023

Background: Law enforcement officers (LEOs) are exposed to significant stressors that can impact their mental health, increasing risk of posttraumatic stress disorder, burnout, at-risk alcohol use, depression, and suicidality. Compromised LEO health can subsequently lead to aggression and excessive use of force. Mindfulness training is a promising approach for high-stress populations and has been shown to be effective in increasing resilience and improving mental health among LEOs. Methods: This multi-site, randomized, single-blind clinical feasibility trial was intended to establish optimal protocols and procedures for a future full-scale, multi-site trial assessing effects of mindfulness-based resilience training (MBRT) versus an attention control (stress management education [SME]) and a no-intervention control, on physiological, attentional, and psychological indices of stress and mental health. The current study was designed to enhance efficiency of recruitment, engagement and retention; optimize assessment, intervention training and outcome measures; and ensure fidelity to intervention protocols. Responsiveness to change over time was examined to identify the most responsive potential proximate and longer-term assessments of targeted outcomes. Results: We observed high feasibility of recruitment and retention, acceptability of MBRT, fidelity to assessment and intervention protocols, and responsiveness to change for a variety of putative physiological and self-report mechanism and outcome measures.Conclusions: Results of this multi-site feasibility trial set the stage for a full-scale, multi-site trial testing the efficacy of MBRT on increasing LEO health and resilience, and on decreasing more distal outcomes of aggression and excessive use of force that would have significant downstream benefits for communities they serve.
Improving Accessibility and Inclusivity in Qualitative Research Using Community-Based Research Methods
Authors: Tshimbalanga Pearl , Konu Delali , Weissová Julie , Xiong Mingyao , Nguyen Thuy-vy Thi
Published: August 2023

Qualitative psychological research gathers participants’ experiences, perceptions, and behaviour with the aim to understand and represent different perspectives that received less attention. Compared to quantitative research, qualitative research often studies populations that are commonly under-represented in mainstream psychology. As such, accessibility and inclusion need to be prioritised to maximize data variation. This paper will raise issues around diversifying qualitative research samples. We will discuss diversification in terms of expanding the inclusion of participants outside of the undergraduate or middle-class populations that are common in Global North samples. With the aim to prioritise inclusion and accessibility, we present community-based research as a viable approach to achieve such a goal. This paper covers both benefits and challenges of conducting community-based research and encourages researchers to allocate time, effort, and resources toward working with service providers to reach populations that best inform the targeted phenomenon or experience.
War and Peace, and INGOs, 1914-1945
Authors: Troost Agata Anita , Van Leeuwen Marco H.D.
Published: August 2023

In the second half of the nineteenth century, there was a boom in the foundation of new international associations – bodies that, in post-1945 parlance, can be described as international non-governmental organisations (INGOs). Since that period the international trend of organised cooperation almost never slowed down. Almost: we can observe a significant drop in the number of such organisations being founded and an increase of those ceasing to exist, per year, in the periods around the two World Wars (1914-1918 and 1939-1945). But are the wars themselves the main cause of these changes, or is the tense political situation preceding a war to blame? And which organisations are particularly vulnerable to a hostile diplomatic climate: those with less resources, those in certain countries or maybe those with activist topics? Thanks to the data from the Union of International Associations (UIA), we can answer such questions by interpreting the results of both statistical and descriptive analyses of INGOs in their historical context. This study provides insights into the influence of inter-state politics on non-governmental international organisations and therefore contributes to our understanding of the effects of war on associational life.
Economic development in Nigeria: Does value added tax matter?
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Management Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria., Ayonete Salami Joseph
Published: August 2023

Value-Added Tax (VAT) as part of indirect taxes serves as a source of revenue for the government at the federal level in the country. Despite this, the government still complains of insufficient funds to embark on infrastructural projects and social amenities that are the foundations of development in Nigeria. Therefore, this study examined the effect of VAT on economic development in Nigeria from 1994-2019. The study employed Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique. The unit root test confirmed that at level, consumer price index and inflation rate were stationary; while the human development index and value added tax were stationary at first level difference. The bound test result established a long-run relationship between the variables. ARDL result showed that value added tax was positive and significantly related to the human development index at short-run and long-run; the consumer price index was non-significant at 5% in the short-run but was in the long-run with a positive sign; while the inflation rate was significant at both short-run and long-run. The study concluded that value-added tax and a moderate increase in general price level stimulate economic development in Nigeria, while instability in the consumer price index worsens it. Therefore, this study recommended that the government should ensure that revenues realized through direct tax are channeled to the provision of adequate infrastructural facilities that can promote economic development.
Tax policy and economic growth: Evidence from Ghana
Authors:   Department of Social Sciences, St. Vincent College of Education, Yendi, Ghana., Nyamadi Godfred
Published: August 2023

The government of Ghana implemented an Economic Recovery Program (ERP) in 1983, aimed at the restoration of fiscal discipline towards increasing revenue and promoting economic growth. In spite of the fiscal reforms’ growth in tax, revenue continues to lag behind that of government expenditure and compares poorly with revenue performance in other parts of the world. Economic growth in the country also settled around 5 per cent level for two decades after the introduction of the fiscal reforms. This paper examined the effect of tax policy measures on economic growth and explored the tax revenue threshold that optimizes economic growth using time series data for the period 1970 - 2020. The data sets involve GDP per capita, stock of human capital, physical capital, growth rate of working population, and six (6) tax indicators namely: import duty, excise tax, company tax, personal income tax, income and property tax, and value added tax. The results of the unit root test reveal that all the variables are stationary at levels and first difference. The bounds test signals the existence of long run relationship among the variables at 1 per cent level of significance. Employing the Autoregressive Distributed- Lag technique, the findings suggested that economic growth benefits from increases in import taxes and company taxes more than the other types of taxes both in the short and long run. However, increases in the share of value added taxes and personal income taxes were found to have deleterious effect on economic growth in Ghana. A threshold level of 14.48 per cent of tax revenue - GDP ratio was found to be optimal level of taxes that impact economic growth. The study recommends that broadening, nurturing and sustaining tax base should be the utmost target of policy to ensure significant increase in the total government revenue to promote economic growth.
Nepal-India Trade: Pre and Post Globalization Comparisons
Authors: Khanal Rajesh Kesar
Published: August 2023

Nepal and India have trade relations since pre historic age. The pattern of trade between these two countries has not remained same from prehistoric age to the current period. Nepal and British India signed first treaty of commerce in 1st March, 1792. Nepal’s had trade surplus with British India before both the countries signed a treaty of friendship on December 21, 1923 AD. Nepal’s trade deficit with India has been increasing. Nepal introduced country-wise and commodity-wise trade diversification initiatives to raise its export to India and lessen its reliance on India in international trade. Nepal has brought several reformations in trade policies though after 1991 when it liberalized its economy for increasing export and reducing volume of trade deficit. This study compares India-Nepal trade in past before down of democracy in Nepal, in between 1950 to 1990 and after 1990 in order to analyse effects of various trade treaties and policies in Nepal-India trade. It uses historical-analytical method using secondary sources of data to carry out the study. It covers data from 1900 AD to 2020/21. The study finds that various revisions in trade treaties between Nepal and India and trade reformation policies have not been effective in increasing export of Nepal, its trade deficit and dependency in India.
महानन्द ढकालको सिमाना मुक्तक सङ्ग्रहमा सबाल्टर्न {The Subaltern in Mahananda Dhakal's Simana Muktaka collection}
Authors: वाग्ले Wagle महेन्द्र Mahendra
Published: August 2023

प्रस्तुत लेख महानन्द ढकालको सिमाना मुक्तक सङ्ग्रहमा सबाल्टर्न अध्ययन गरिएको छ । सबाल्टर्न वर्गहितप्रति समर्पित रहेर  वर्तमान साहित्य र समालोचनाको क्षेत्रमा विकसित नवीन मान्यता भएकाले यससँग सम्बद्ध सैद्धान्तिक आधारमा मुक्तकहरूको अध्ययन गर्न लागिएको हो । सबाल्टर्न अध्ययनलाई उच्च विवादको बीचबाट र आलोचनात्मक पृष्टभूमीको गर्भबाट हुर्किएको अभियान मानिन्छ । भारतबाट विकसित भएर विभिन्न मुलुकमा फैलिएको यो अध्ययनपद्धति भएकाले पूर्वबाट पश्चिम फैलिएको सशक्त अभियान मानिएका छ । सबाल्टर्न अध्ययनमा विभिन्न जातजति, महिला, दलित, पिछडिएका क्षेत्र र सीमान्तकृत वर्गको बोली साथै इतिहासबाट बहिष्कृत भएकाको पहिचनको खोजी गरिन्छ । यस लेखमा पनि निम्नवर्गीय सबाल्टर्न वर्गको समस्यालाई पहिल्याउने र उनीहरूले भोग्नु परेको अन्याय, अत्याचार, अधिनस्थ भएको अवस्था साथै विद्रोहका स्वरलाई समेटिएको छ । यसमा प्राथमिक र द्वितीयक स्रोतका सामग्रीको सङ्कलनका लागि पुस्तकालयीय पद्धतिको उपयोग गरिएको छ र सबाल्टर्नसँग सम्बन्धित सैद्धान्तिक ढाँचा तयार गरेर निगमन विधिबाट मुक्तकहरूको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यसमा राज्यव्यवस्था र सबाल्टर्नको अवस्था, वर्गीय सबाल्टर्न साथै सबाल्टर्न वर्गको प्रतिकार र विद्रोहलाई अध्ययनको विषय बनाइएको छ । यस अध्ययनले उच्चशिक्षा अध्ययन गर्ने विद्यार्थी, शोधकर्ता र प्रज्ञिक क्षेत्रमा जिज्ञासा राख्ने व्यक्तिहरूलाई नवीन ज्ञान प्रदान गर्नेछ । यस आलेखमा ढकालको सिमाना मुक्तक सङ्ग्रहमा सबाल्टर्नको विषयवस्तुमा मूलतः राज्यव्यवस्था साथै वर्गीय आधारमा सबाल्टर्न वर्गलाई अधीनस्थ बनाइएको हुनाले दुःख, पीडा र असमानताको अन्त्यका लागि प्रतिकार र विद्रोह गरेको अवस्था प्रस्तुत गरिएको निष्कर्ष रहेको छ ।
विद्यालय तहको पाठ्यक्रममा शान्तिशिक्षा {Peace Education in the School Level Curriculum}
Authors: के.सी. KC विष्णुबहादुर Bishnubahadur
Published: August 2023

शान्तिशिक्षा सम्बन्धि स्पष्ट राष्ट्रिय शिक्षाका उद्देश्य र तहगत उद्देश्यहरू रहेका छैनन् । शान्तिसंग सम्बन्धित पक्षहरू सामाजिक अध्ययन, नेपाली, विज्ञान, स्वास्थ्य र शारीरिक, सिर्जनात्मक र नैतिक शिक्षामा रहेका छन् । यी विषयहरूमा सामाजिकता, मानवीय मूल्य, आस्था सेवाभाव, प्रजातात्रिक, लोकतन्त्र, सद्भाव, सहयोग, चरित्र, नैतिकता, एकता, मैत्री, सहिष्णुता, विश्ववन्धुत्व र मानवअधिकार मुख्य रूपमा रहेका छन् । बौद्धशिक्षा अन्तर्गत परियत्ति शिक्षामा ध्यान, शील, प्रज्ञा, सेवा, मैत्री, भावाना, समभाव, आर्य आष्टाङ्गिक मार्ग, पञ्चशिल, पुण्य काम, सकारात्मक सोच, कर्तव्यबोध, सफल जीवनका सुत्रहरू, शान्त र असल पक्षहरू रहेका छन । विद्यालय तहको शिक्षामा, शिक्षाका राष्ट्रिय उद्देश्यहरू र तहगत उद्देश्यहरूमा राखेका शान्तिशिक्षाका पक्षहरूको अपेक्षित विद्यार्थीहरूमा व्यवहार एंव ज्ञान, सीप र धारणा विकास गर्न बौद्धदर्शनका शान्तिशिक्षाको महत्वपूर्ण पक्षहरू विद्यालयको पाठ्यक्रममा समावेश गर्नु पर्दछ । विशेष गरी ध्यान, पञ्चशिलका पक्षहरु र आर्य अष्टाङ्घिक मार्ग र मैत्री, करुणा, मुदिना र उपेक्षालाइ शान्न्तिशिक्षामा समावेश गराउनु पर्दछ । शान्तिशिक्षामा आस्था, सहिष्णुता, श्रद्धा, प्रेम, रचनात्मक सोच, सकारात्मक सोच, अनुशासन, मानवता, सामाजिक न्याय र वातावरण सचेतनाका विषयवस्तु प्रत्यक्ष स्पष्ट रूपमा पाठ्यक्रममा समावेश गर्नुपर्दछ । विद्यालय शिक्षाको पाठ्यक्रम र पाठ्यपुस्तकमा शान्तिका पक्षहरू, आन्तरिक रूपमा शान्तिको अनुभूती गर्ने बौद्धदर्शन समेटी एउटा कोर विषय बनाउनु पर्दछ । नेपाली र नैतिक शिक्षा विषयमा बौद्ध साहित्यका जातक कथाहरु समाबेश गर्नु पर्दछ ा समग्रतामा मानवता विकास गराउन महत्वपूर्ण शान्तिशिक्षाको आधार नै बौद्धदर्शन हो ।विद्यार्थीिहरुमा शान्तिप्रीय व्यक्तित्व विकास गर्न र समाजमा शान्ति स्थापना गर्न विद्यालय शिक्षामा शान्तिशिाक्षाको व्यवस्था गर्नु पर्दछ ।
Supporting Positive Learning Experiences for Veterinary Students on Rotations in Remote Indigenous Communities in Canada
Authors: MacGillivray Mikaela , Baker Tessa M. , Adams Cindy , Kutz Susan J. , Wallace Jean E.
Published: August 2023

Many healthcare programs in medicine, nursing, social work, and physiotherapy include practicum rotations near the end of students’ studies. Increasingly, veterinary education programs also offer community-based rotations in underserved or remote communities. While these opportunities in veterinary medicine provide many learning benefits, they can also be stressful if the students do not feel adequately supported. The purpose of this study was to explore how veterinary students are and can be supported during rotations in remote Indigenous communities in Canada. Annually, four veterinary students from the University of Calgary, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine travel with a small veterinary team to five communities in the Northwest Territories, Canada. During the 4-week rotation, students spend 2.5 weeks providing veterinary services to companion animals in these communities. In this study, 11/20 veterinary students who participated in this rotation between 2015 and 2020 completed online surveys. Results from this study suggest that participants of the rotation often felt welcomed and supported by the communities they served and were well supported by and connected to the members of the veterinary team. Findings are applicable across community-based veterinary student learning experiences and highlight the importance of building relationships with the communities being served, picking the right team, and implementing debriefing and decompressing activities during downtime.
القيادة الموزعة لمديري المدارس وعلاقتها بسلوكيات المواطنة التنظيمية للمعلمين بمدارس التعليم الأساسي بسلطنة عُمان
Authors: العجمي جواهر شلاش , صلاح الدين نسرين صالح , الفهدي راشد بن سليمان
Published: August 2023

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى الكشف عن مستوى القيادة الموزعة لدى مديري مدارس التعليم الأساسي بسلطنة عمان ومدى تأثير هذه القيادة على سلوكيات المواطنة التنظيمية، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة، تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي، من خلال توزيع استبانة (القيادة الموزعة واستبانة سلوك المواطنة التنظيمية على عينة من المعلمين والمعلمات بلغ عددهم 300 معلم ومعلمة تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية البسيطة، توصلت الدراسة مجموعة من النتائج أن درجة ممارسة القيادة الموزعة لمديري المدارس ككل عالية جدًا وجاء بعد "ثقافة المدرسة" كأكثر الأبعاد ممارسة، وأظهرت أيضًا النتائج ارتفاع بممارسة المعلمين لسلوكيات المواطنة التنظيمية وجاء بالمرتبة الأولى بعد "السلوك الحضاري"، في حين كان بعد "الروح الرياضة" أقلها من حيث الممارسة، ومن جانب آخر كشفت الدراسة عن وجود تأثير إيجابي لقيادة مدير المدرسة الموزعة على سلوكيات المواطنة التنظيمية، ولم يكن هناك فروق بين استجابات المعلمين في محور القيادة الموزعة ككل وفقًا للجنس ماعدا في بعد "الرؤية والرسالة" كان هناك فروق لصالح الإناث، كذلك لم تكن هناك فروق في محور سلوكيات المواطنة التنظيمية لدى المعلمين، ماعدا في بعد "السلوك الحضاري"؛ وكانت الفروق لصالح الذكور. وفي ضوء النتائج السابقة خرجت الدراسة بمجموعة من التوصيات منها: ضرورة تركيز مديري المدارس على تطوير ممارساتهم للقيادة المتمركزة حول القضايا التعليميه، وإتاحة الفرصة لمشاركة المعلمين في تلك القضايا، باعتبارهم جزء أساسي من تلك القضايا، توفير مدير المدرسة بيئة عمل تشاركية بين كل من المعلم وأولياء الأمور لضمان وجود تواصل فعال بين كل من المدرسة وأولياء الأمور تهدف للارتقاء بتعلم الطلبة بمدارس سلطنة عمان، التعامل مع التعلم المهني للمعلم كجزء من الحياة المهنية داخل المدارس، بما يخدم الاحتياجات المتجددة للمعلم والعملية التعليمية.
دور مجتمعات التعلم المهنيّة في تنمية مهارة تفعيل المنصات التعليمية لدى معلمي الدراسات الاجتماعية في مدارس الحلقة الثانية وأثره على مستوى تحصيل الطلبة للعام الدراسي 2020/ 2021م
Authors: السعيدية موزة بنت مبارك بن عبدالله
Published: August 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرّف إلى دور مجتمعات التعلم المهنيّة في تنمية مهارة تفعيل منصة كلاس روم لدى معلمي الدراسات الاجتماعية في بعض مدارس الحلقة الثانية وما بعد الأساسي بمحافظتي جنوب الباطنة وشمال الشرقية وأثره على مستوى التحصيل للطلبة للعام الدراسي 2020/ 2021م، وللإجابة على أسئلة الدراسة تم إعداد عدد من استبيانات حصر الاحتياجات التدريبية ومقترحات إجراءات التطوير في مجتمعات التعلم المهنية والاختبار القبلي والبعدي. وتم تحليل بتحليل الاستبانات عن طريق استخراج المتوسطات الحسابية لحصر الاحتياجات التدريبي ومقترحات إجراء التطوير في مجتمع التعلم وكما قامت بتحليل الاختبارات القبلية والبعدية عن طريق استخراج عدد التكرارات والأوساط الحسابية التي تم استخراجها مباشرة من جوجل فورم (google form). حيث تم اختيار عينة عشوائية من الطلاب تؤدي غرض البحث، حيث تراوحت نسبة الفرق بين المتوسطات القبلية والبعدية بين (1.1-1.8). وتوصلت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج وهي أهمية تدريب المعلمين على المنصات التعليمية وما تتضمنه من البرامج والتطبيقات، ارتفاع في التحصيل الدراسي لدى الطلاب نتيجة تدريب المعلميين على عدد من البرامج التي تساعدهم على التدريس عبر المنصة. أهمية مجتمعات التعلم المهنية في خلق بيئة تعلم مهمة لتدريب المعلمين ونقل كثير من الخبرات والمهارات لهم. وفي ضوء النتائج تمت التوصية بعدة توصيات أهمها: ضرورة تفعيل مجتمعات التعلم المهنية في نقل المعارف والمهارات بين المعلمين في السلطنة وخارجها، الاهتمام بتدريب المعلمين بشكل مستمر على تطبيقات جديدة تساعد المعلم على الشرح عبر منصة كلاس روم.
Routine and Authority
Authors: Leete Art , Koosa Piret
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this article is a comparative analysis of the post-Soviet reappearance of the Russian Orthodox Church in two rural Komi communities. We aimed to study local perceptions of restoring the Russian Orthodox Church's presence in particular localities. We conducted ethnographic fieldwork in two communities and spoke to local clerics and the inhabitants of the villages under study. Our field research also involved participant observation and literature analysis. The collected evidence indicates that the community with more distinctive folk Orthodox traditions more or less plainly contested the priests’ authority. Still, people generally perceived the renewal of the Russian Orthodox Church's presence positively. We argue that the Russian Orthodox institutions and priests did not necessarily replace folk Orthodox specialists’ authority, but rather diversified local religious scenes.
Pendidikan Kesehatan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Wilayah Desa Kenteng Sidowayah Klaten
Authors: Jamilatun Makhabbah , Pitaloka Nadya Ayu
Published: August 2023

Abstract: The Covid-19 pandemic was a tough period for the Indonesian people. Based on observations, not all of the people around the villages of Kenteng, Sidowayah, Klaten understand the prevention of Covid-19, and there are still people who are not disciplined in implementing health protocols. Therefore, community service activities were carried out to assist in the prevention of Covid-19 through health education and community empowerment in the village area of Kenteng, Sidowayah, Klaten. The activity method used in this community service activity is health education related to the prevention of covid-19 and community empowerment in handling covid-19 in the village of Kenteng, Sidowayah, Klaten. With this community service activity, we can help the community in preventing Covid-19 through health education and community empowerment in the Kenteng village area, Sidowayah, Klaten. The implementation of the activity was carried out effectively, and in an orderly manner and the participants were very enthusiastic about following and participating in efforts to prevent the transmission of Covid-19.Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 merupakan periode yang berat bagi bangsa Indonesia. Berdasarkan observasi, masyarakat di sekitar desa Kenteng, Sidowayah, Klaten, belum semuanya memahami pencegahan Covid-19, serta masih terdapat masyarakat tidak disiplin dalam menerapkan protokol kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan tujuan untuk membantu dalam pencegahan Covid-19 melalui pendidikan kesehatan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat di wilayah desa Kenteng, Sidowayah, Klaten. Metode kegiatan yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah pendidikan kesehatan terkait pencegahan covid-19 dan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam penanggulangan covid-19 di desa Kenteng, Sidowayah, Klaten. Dengan adanya kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini, kami dapat membantu masyarakat dalam pencegahan Covid-19 melalui pendidikan kesehatan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat di wilayah desa Kenteng, Sidowayah, Klaten. Pelaksanaan kegiatan berjalan dengan efektif, tertib dan peserta sangat antusias mengikuti dan berpartisipasi dalam usaha pencegahan penularan covid-19.
Mezclas asfálticas tibias implementando aceite crudo de palma
Authors: Moncayo Obando Ana Gabriela , Pantoja Montero Cristian Roberto
Published: August 2023

El propósito principal de modificar el asfalto base mediante el uso de aceite crudo de palma es el de transformar la viscosidad del asfalto y fabricar una mezcla asfáltica tibia, establecer su desempeño en laboratorio, reducir su costo de producción y compactación, al igual que los gases efecto invernadero y, con ello, la contaminación ambiental y, comparar la nueva mezcla asfáltica con las mezclas asfálticas en caliente. El trabajo de laboratorio inicia con la caracterización de los materiales a utilizar (asfalto base, agregados), continuando con la identificación del porcentaje exacto de aceite crudo de palma que sirva para modificar el asfalto sin perder sus características. Una vez modificado el asfalto, se continúa con la fabricación de la mezcla asfáltica tibia, combinando asfalto modificado y demás agregados. Se espera producir una nueva mezcla asfáltica tibia que cumpla con todas las especificaciones de las Normas INVÍAS y que permita disminuir la viscosidad junto a la misma temperatura de producción; de esta manera se pretende alcanzar una gran ventaja técnica, económica y ambiental sobre las mezclas asfálticas en caliente.
The Concept and Meaning of Legal Security in Criminal Law
Authors: Potrzeszcz Jadwiga
Published: August 2023

The article emphasizes the importance of legal security in criminal law. The proposed definition of legal security – according to which legal security is a state achieved by law established in general, and in particular by means of criminal law, in which human life’s goods and interests are protected in the most comprehensive and effective possible manner – harmonizes properly with the most important functions of criminal law, namely with a protective function and a guarantee function. The proposed understanding of legal security may be helpful for clarifying numerous issues related to the implementation of both the protective function and the guarantee function of criminal law. Although legal security is a particularly important value in criminal law, in the hitherto achievements of the doctrine and in the jurisprudence of criminal law, this value is sparsely the subject of considerations. The article indicates the necessity and possibility of further detailed research in the field of implementing the idea of legal security in criminal law.
Senatus consultum ultimum. Ochrona interesu państwa w sytuacji wewnętrznego zagrożenia na przykładzie procesu Katyliny
Authors: Sitek Bronisław
Published: August 2023

Walka polityczna jest istotnym elementem każdej epoki i każdego państwa. Przykładem takiej walki jest proces przeciwko Katylinie, który rozegrał się pod koniec 63 r. przed Chr. Głównym jego oskarżycielem przed senatem rzymskim był Cyceron, pełniący w tym roku urząd konsula. Doprowadził on do uchwalenia senatus consultum ultimum, na mocy którego bez wyroku sądowego zgładzeni zostali spiskowcy, na czele których stał Katylina. Z tej okazji słynny rzymski orator wygłosił w senacie cztery mowy. Pomimo zwycięstwa jakie odniósł Cyceron, to już w 58 r. został on skazany na wygnanie za wykonanie wyroku śmierci na obywatelu rzymskim bez wyroku sądowego. W konsekwencji wyjechał do Grecji, gdzie spędził kilkanaście miesięcy. Nigdy jednak nie powrócił już do polityki na wysokim poziomie.
Pewność prawa
Authors: Zdyb Marian
Published: August 2023

Niewątpliwie kluczowe znaczenie dla kształtowania się ładu publicznego w państwie ma pewność prawa. Problem pewności prawa może być ujmowany w różnych płaszczyznach odniesienia. Szczególne znaczenie ma w tym kontekście sfera aksjologiczna, a także problematyka materialnego, ustrojowego i proceduralnego prawa publicznego i prywatnego oraz formalne wymagania w zakresie jego funkcjonowania. W kontekście budowania zaufania do państwa i prawa, istotne jest kształtowanie ich autorytetu, a także zrozumienie istoty prawa jako sztuki tego co dobre, słuszne, roztropne, sprawiedliwe, mające swoje odniesienie do godności człowieka i dobra wspólnego. Wymaga to jego oparcia na czytelnych wartościach i fundamentach oraz prawości woli ustawodawcy i organów stosujących prawo. Poważnymi zagrożeniami w tym zakresie mogą być: nadmierny relatywizm, kryzys podstawowych wartości, aksjologiczna neutralność, fetyszyzacja sztucznych wartości, nihilizm prawny, uwolnienie prawa od moralności, kryzys zaufania do prawa. Analizując problem pewności prawa zasadne jest szczególne zwrócenie uwagi na niektóre dziedziny prawa, które mogą być narażone na różne formy dysfunkcjonalności. Szczególnie wrażliwe na tego rodzaju niebezpieczeństwa są takie sfery prawa jak: porządkowanie stosunków własnościowych związane z eliminowaniem różnego rodzaju zaszłości historycznych; ochrony zdrowia i finansowania usług w tym zakresie ze środków publicznych; funkcjonowanie rynku finansowego; ochrona konkurencji i konsumentów; prawo podatkowe i inne dziedziny prawa daninowego; pomoc społeczna, itd. Ważnym elementem ugruntowania pewności prawa są różne kwestie związane z funkcjonowaniem prawa w obiegu prawnym. Dotyczyć one mogą tak ważnych kwestii jak: rozwiązywanie problemów związanych z istnieniem pojęć niedookreślonych oraz realizowania władzy dyskrecjonalnej, ale i także z kultywowaniem etosu służby publicznej. Istotne znaczenie w tym kontekście mają takie problemy jak: trwałość prawa, eliminowanie nadmiaru prawa (inflacji prawa), stosowanie odpowiedniego vacatio legis i przepisów przejściowych. Pewność prawa jest niewątpliwie gwarantem bezpieczeństwa prawnego i ładu publicznego.
Status integracyjny Europejskiej Wspólnoty Energii Atomowej. Kontrowersje wokół traktatu założycielskiego
Authors: Galster Jan , Nowicki Paweł
Published: August 2023

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza wybranych aspektów związanych z funkcjonowaniem Europejskiej Wspólnoty Energii Atomowej, nakierowana na identyfikację pewnych kontrowersji związanych z traktatem założycielskim EWEA. Autorzy wykazują, że status integracyjny Europejskiej Wspólnoty Energii Atomowej jest wysoce niesatysfakcjonujący, co powoduje, że w doktrynie prawa Unii Europejskiej często określa się EWEA mianem „nieudanej Wspólnoty”, a nawet „Wspólnoty in statu moriendi”. Autorzy wskazują, co doprowadziło do takiego stanu rzeczy.
Combined surgery for large macular hole in complicated cataract: case report
Authors:   Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases of the Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Bikbov M.M. , Orenburkina O.I. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases of the Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Zinnatullin A.A. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases of the Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Yarmukhametova A.L. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases of the Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Kalanov M.R. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases of the Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Babushkin A.E. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases of the Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation
Published: August 2023

The only effective treatment for macular holes (MH) is surgery. Published data demonstrate that surgery (vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane/ILM peeling, and vitreous tamponade) of small and medium MHs is usually highly effective. Meanwhile, good outcomes and a high recurrence rate of large MHs postoperatively remain challenges. The authors propose a surgical technique for MHs in complicated cataracts (patent of the RF No. 2731794 dated 09/08/2020) that involves vitrectomy, posterior hyaloid removal, ILM staining, ILM peeling, formation of a flap from the anterior lens capsule to close MH, and air tamponade. This paper describes a woman who underwent combined surgery for cataract and MH as described. The technique provided a complete and stable anatomical outcome. After 1 month (i.e., after complete resorption of air), the best-corrected visual acuity of the right eye increased to 20/40. IOP was 19.0 mm Hg. KEYWORDS: vision, idiopathic macular hole, retina, anterior les capsule, surgery, postoperative follow-up. FOR CITATION: Bikbov M.M., Orenburkina O.I., Zinnatullin A.A., Yarmukhametova A.L., Babushkin A.E., Kalanov M.R. Combined surgery for large macular hole in complicated cataract: case report. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2023;23(3):152–156 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-3-7.
Endogenous endophthalmitis associated with autoimmune hepatitis: case report
Authors:   City Multidisciplinary Hospital No. 2, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Belov D.F. , Korotkov V.G. ,   City Multidisciplinary Hospital No. 2, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Nikitin P.A. ,   Scientific and Clinical Center No. 2 of the Academician B.V. Petrovskiy Russian Scientific Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russian Federation, Terekhova I.V. ,   City Multidisciplinary Hospital No. 2, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Konenkova Ya.S. ,   City Multidisciplinary Hospital No. 2, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: August 2023

Endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) is a severe inflammatory disease resulting from hematogenous dissemination of pathogenic agents (bacteria, fungi) from the primary focus into the choroid due to impaired permeability of blood-ocular barrier. Retina, vitreous body, and anterior chamber are further involved. This paper describes a 61-year-old woman with EE associated with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Ocular inflammation was preceded by bacteremia. Clinical signs of EE included vitreitis, choroidal effusion, and exudative retinal detachment followed by amaurosis and phthisis bulbi. In 2008, the woman was diagnosed with AIH of unknown origin. Insulin-dependent diabetes developed secondary to treatment with prednisolone. After canceling steroids, AIH progressed to cirrhosis. Here, the development of EE was probably associated with secondary immunodeficiency in the setting of AIH. The timely diagnosis of EE is important for selecting an effective treatment strategy that involves intravitreal antibiotics and vitrectomy. Ophthalmologists should be aware of previous fever or flu-like disorder, severe ocular inflammation (hypopion, vitreitis, choroidal effusion, retinal detachment), no red reflex, and severe vision loss. KEYWORDS: endogenous endophthalmitis, autoimmune hepatitis, vitrectomy, intravitreal injections, and phthisis bulbi, hypopyon, choroid, bacteremia, cirrhosis, retinal detachment. FOR CITATION: Belov D.F., Korotkov V.G., Nikitin P.A., Terekhova I.V., Konenkova Ya.S. Endogenous endophthalmitis associated with autoimmune hepatitis: case report. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2023;23(3):164–169 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729- 2023-23-3-9.