bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN KLINIK GIGI TERHADAP KEPUASAN DAN KEPERCAYAAN PASIEN SEHINGGA MENINGKATKAN KEINGINAN UNTUK BEROBAT KEMBALI
Authors: Tanudjaya Pratama Kesuma
Published: August 2017

The background of this research was due to intense competition, the management of dental clinic seeks to attract patients by providing excellent quality of service.The objective of this research wasto analyze whether the quality of services provided from a dental clinic can rise the desire of patients to seek treatment again.The design of this research applies a survey. The type of investigation was casuality. Total sample researched was 201 dental patients. The result of this research conclude thatamong the three factors studied, patients trust have the most influence on patient intention for treatment again.Key words: Service quality, costumer’s satisfaction, trust, intention to come.
PENGARUH EMPLOYEE COMMUNICATION TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR YANG DIMEDIASI OLEH EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT PADA KARYAWAN DI BEBERAPA FAKULTAS UNIVERSITAS TRISAKTI JAKARTA
Authors: Amanda Agustiani Rifania
Published: August 2017

This research is about “The Effect of Emoloyee Communication On Organizational Citizenship Behavior Mediated by Emmployee Engagement Employees On Faculty of Economics, Faculty of Dentistry, and Faculty of Art and Design Trisakti University Jakarta”. The background of this study is to analyze the factors that can influence the Organizational Citizenship Behavior OfEmployees Faculty of Economics, Faculty of Dentistry, and Faculty of Art and Design Trisakti University Jakarta. Several factors can affect the Organizational Citizenship Behaviorincluding Employee communication and Employee engagement. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the Employee Communication to Organizational Citizenship Behavior through Employee Engagement. The design of this research using primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires to 200 Employees Faculty of Economics, Faculty of Dentistry, and Faculty of Art and Design Trisakti University Jakarta. Data analysis method used in this researchis Structural Equation Model (SEM).The results of this research concluded that there is a positive influence on the Employee Communication against Organizational Citizenship Behavior, there is a positive influence on Employee Communication against Employee Engagement, and there is a positive influence on Employee Engagement against Organizational Citizenship Behavior.Keywords : Employee Communication, Employee Engagement, Organizational Citizenship Behavior
MODEL TERINTEGRASI DARI KESETIAAN PELANGGAN PADA BANK PEMERINTAH
Authors: Dewi Yunita Nila
Published: August 2017

This study aimed to analyze the influences of service quality and image on customer loyalty from customer satisfaction that useful for marketing managers in making decisions for the company.This study was conducted on the state banks customers and took 200 customers becamesamples. This study used Structural Equation Model (SEM). The method used is a non probability sampling with purposive sampling techniques. Based on the results of this study is that there’s positive influence of service quality on customer satisfaction and influence of image on customer satisfaction. Furthermore, the customer satisfaction positive influence on customer loyalty, but there’s no positive influence of service quality on customer loyalty from customer satisfaction. Furthermore there’s no positive influence of image on customer loyalty from customer satisfaction.Keywords : Service Quality, Image, Customer Satisfaction, Customer Loyalty
ANTESEDEN DARI KESETIAAN MEREK
Authors: Triyani Iin , Kristaung Robert
Published: August 2017

Purpose of this research is to analyze the effects of service quality, price, purchase decision,perceived quality, design, and store environment on brand loyalty at Beauty Salon in JakartaTheoretical model that used in this study is the hypothetical testing method, that means toexamine is there the direct effect of service quality, price, purchase decision, perceived quality,design, and store environment on brand loyalty at Beauty Salon in Jakarta using the MultipleRegressions and ANOVA One Way Method.Result of this study states that: (1) There is the positive influence of service quality on brandloyalty; (2) There is the positive influence of price on brand loyalty;(3) There is the positive influence of purchase decision on brand loyalty; (4) There is the positiveinfluence of perceived quality on brand loyalty; (5)There is the positive influence of design onbrand loyalty; (6) There is the positive influence of salon environment on brand loyalty; and(7)There is difference of brand loyalty between mall beauty salon, housing beauty salon, andsettlement beauty salon.Managerial implications of this study is that management must consider many factors that caninfluence service quality, price, purchase decision, perceived quality, design, and salon storeenvironment on brand loyalty at beauty salon in Jakarta in efforts to build and enhance thebrand loyalty.Keywords : Service quality, price, purchase decision, perceived quality ,design, SaloonEnvironment, Brand Loyalty, Beauty Salon.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN TOKO DAN KECENDERUNGAN BERBELANJA TERHADAP PERILAKU PEMBELIAN IMPULS
Authors: Rahmadi Mufti
Published: August 2017

This paper aims to explore the process by which four store environment (music, light,employee, and layout) and two individual characteristics (shopping enjoyment tendency(SET) and impulse buying tendency (IBT)) influence impulse buying behavior throughpositive and negative affect, and urge to buy impulsively.The use of these variablesbased on the results of previous studies. The data used in this study are primary data.The research data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents fromthe University of Trisakti. Samper retrieval techniques in this study using purposivesampling. Data analysis tool used is Structural Equation Model (SEM) with AMOS 6.0.Hypothesis testing results show that there are significant Stores environment perceptionof the Positive Affect. Then there is the influence of the Urge Store environtmentperception. And then there is a significant relationship between enjoyment Shoppingtendency towards Positive Affect. Then there is no significant influence of Negative Affecton Urge. Furthermore, a significant difference between the Positive Affect on Urge, anda significant difference between the Urge to Impulse buying. Expected in future studiescan increase the number of independent variables that also can affect Impulse buying.Keywords: Store Environment Tendency, Shopping Enjoyment Tendency, Negative Affect,Positive Affect, Urge, Impulse Buying.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENENTU STRUKTUR MODAL PERUSAHAAN NON KEUANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Dewi Wulansari , Lestari Henny Setyo
Published: August 2017

This research discusses whether there are effect of capital structure on leverage. Independentvariable consist of firm size, firm growth, tangibility of assets, profitability, and risk. Dependentvariable divided into 3 indicators such as total debt ratio, long term debt ratio, and short termdebt ratio. The study consisted of 164 nonfinancial industries, which was obtained from officialwebsite of Indonesia Stock Exchange (http://www.idx.co.id). The sampling method used in thisstudy was purposive sampling and data analysis method used for hypothesis testing is linearregression analysis. The results of hypothesis testing showed that there is influence betweencapital structure on total debt ratio and short term debt ratio. But not too significantly to longterm debt ratio. The contribution of this study hopefully can help managers and investors aliketo make a right decision in nonfinancial industry in Indonesia.Keywords: capital structure, growth, long term debt ratio, risk, ROA, short term debtratio, size,tangibility of assets, total debt ratio.
ANTESEDEN CUSTOMER LOYALTY PADA LOW COST CARRIER AIRLINE
Authors: Harlan Marcella
Published: August 2017

The background of this research was Customer loyalty as a competitive advantage in serviceindustry.The design of this research applies a survey toward unit of analysis on Low Cost CarrierAirline to interview the passanger for testing hypothesis. Meanwhile the required data consist offive variables; Recovery Satisfaction, Corporate Social Responsibility, Customer Trust, CustomerLoyalty. The aggregate numbers of customer being respondent of the study are 200. Data analysisused in this research was consists of Path Method by AMOS 22.0 as software. The result of thisresearch conclude that variable of Recovery Satisfaction, Corporate Social Responsibility haspositive effect to Customer Trust; Recovery Satisfaction, Corporate Social Responsibility has positiveeffect to Customer Loyalty; and Customer Trust has positive effect to Customer Loyalty.Keywords: Service Recovery Satisfaction, Corporate Social Responsibility, Customer Trust,Customer Loyalty, Low Cost Carrier Airline.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KOMITMEN ORGANISASI MELALUI ASPEK KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN DAN KEPERCAYAAN PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN
Authors: Zahra Nina
Published: August 2017

This research refers to the previous research which has done by Chiang and Wang (2012)and also completed by Kalber and Cenker (2007). This research is about “the impact of leadershipstyle on organization commitment mediating by job satisfaction and trust on employed at banksectors”. The background of this research is to know the impact of leadership style on organizationcommitment. The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of leadership style onorganization commitment mediating by job satisfaction and trust. The research is using primarydata by spreading questionnaires to 250 employes of banking sectors in DKI Jakarta, such as:Bank Mandiri, Bank Negara Indonesia, Bank Jabar, Bank Bukopin and Bank Central Asia during2015, however there are 201 questionnaires were returned. The method of data analysis used isStructural Equation Model (SEM). The result of this research concludes that there are positiveimpacts of leadership style on organization commitment mediating by job satisfaction and trust.Keywords: Leadership Style, Job Satisfaction, Trust, Organization Commitment, Banking Sectors.
PRAKTEK PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA TERHADAP KINERJA PELAYANAN MELALUI KEPUASAN KERJA PADA MASKAPAI PENERBANGAN KOMERSIAL DI INDONESIA
Authors: Adhinugroho Deddy Wibowo
Published: August 2017

This research is to present the effect of Human Resources Practices on Performance in Service Quality Through Employee Satisfaction In Commercial Scheduled Passenger Airlines in Indonesia” by referring to previous research conducted by Michel Rod and Nicholas J. Ashill (2010) as the main reference, and its equipped with research conducted by Jochen Wirtz, Loizos Heracleus, and Nitin Pangarkar (2008). The research background is to analyze the job performance in quality service as an important element to win the competition in the aviation services industry. The objective of this research was to examine the influence of Human Resources Practices for Performance in Quality Service, through job satisfaction. The research design is using primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires to 110 of front line employees on airlines companies in Indonesia. Data analysis method used is Structural Equation Model (SEM). Results of this study concluded that there is a positive effect of training, empowerment, Customer Service Orientation, and rewards, as part of the Human Resources Practices for Performance in Service Quality, through job satisfaction.
PENGARUH DARI IDENTITY TERHADAP BRAND VALUE, SATISFCATION, TRUST AND BRAND LOYALTY
Authors: Asmoningsih Rahmania
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of brand identity on brand value,customer satisfaction and brand trust and the influence of brand value and customer satisfaction on brand trust and its impact on brand loyalty. Respondents in this study is the beauty clinic customers in Jakarta which consists of 112 respondent . Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS version 16 used in this study for data analysis . Results of the testing showed that the brand identity has a positive influence on brand value and brand trust, and customer satisfaction and brand value has a positive influence on brand trust that subsequently will have positive influence on brand loyalty. The results also showed that the brand identity does not have an influence on customer satisfaction
PERBEDAAN EFEK TINGKAT PERLAKUAN ISTIMEWA YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PENDAPATAN: SEBUAH STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PELANGGAN TOKO SERBA ADA
Authors: Ekawanto Iwan , Kristaung Robert
Published: August 2017

This study intends to empirically explore how the practices of loyalty programs conducted by the store management (department store) which benefit for customers so as to provide results that benefit both parties as a relational outcome consisting of relationship commitment, Increased purchases, share of customer, word of mouth and customer feedback, which is completed by respondents profile as control variables such as age, education and income levels. With sample 66respondents to test the hypothesis using MANOVA. Differential test results showed that there are differences in relationship commitment, increased purchases, share of customer, word of mouth, and customer feedback with a high level of preferential treatment, medium and low on the customer department store. Similarly, the age, income and education at the department store customersthere are differences there are differences in relationship commitment, Increased purchases, share of customer, word of mouth, and customer feedback. The results of testing the fifth hypothesis states that preferential treatment will give a high positive influence on relationship commitment, Increased purchases, share of customer, word of mouth, and customer feedback. The test result of five hypothesis states that high preferential treatment will give positive influence to the relationship commitment, increased purchases, and share of customer, word of mouth, and customer feedback. On relationship commitment is not significant covariates of age, but the share of customer revenue and customer feedback and education are not significant, whereas age has the effect of preferential treatment exhibited significantly coupled with the age factor share of the customer to customer.Similarly, the positive word of mouth, only the opinion of significant covariates as control variables of preferential treatment. These three covariates age, income and education only significant simultaneously at Increased purchase only.
Hak-hak Pendidikan Kaum Perempuan di Indonesia Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Rina Rinrin
Published: August 2017

Artikel ini mengkaji tentang ketidakadilan kaum perempuan di Indonesia di bidang pendidikan. Artikel ini di analisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan hukum hak asasi manusia (HAM). Angka perempuan masuk kelembaga pendidikan lebih kecil dibanding angka laki-laki. Semakin tinggi jenjang pendidikan, semakin kecil angka rata-rata masuk perempuan. Menteri Peranan Wanita (Menperta)  mengatakan terbelakangnya anak perempuan dalam pendidikan tergambar dalam jumlah buta huruf dimana anak perempuan yang buta huruf lebih banyak tiga kali lipat dari anak laki-laki yang buta huruf. Padahal Secara normatif-doktrinal, Islam dengan tegas mengakui konsep kesejajaran antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Hal tersebut juga ditegaskan kembali dalam Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia (DUHAM) 1948, didalamnya termuat bahwa hak dan kebebasan sangat perlu dimiliki oleh setiap orang tanpa diskriminasi, termasuk tidak melakukan diskriminasi berdasarkan jenis kelamin, laki-laki dan perempuan mempunyai derajat yang sama. Fokus kajian artikel ini adalah: Pertama, bagimanakah hak-hak pendidikan perempuan di tinjau dari perspektif hukum hak asasi manusia (HAM)? Kedua, apa kendala-kendala dalam menegakkan keadilan gender dalam bidang pendidikan?
Excitonics: A universal set of binary gates for molecular exciton processing and signaling
Authors: Sawaya Nicolas , Rappoport Dmitrij , Tabor Daniel , Aspuru-Guzik Alan
Published: August 2017

The ability to regulate energy transfer pathways through materials is an important goal of nanotechnology, as a greater degree of control is crucial for developing sensing, solar energy, and bioimaging applications. Such control necessitates a toolbox of actuation methods that can direct energy transfer based on user input. Here we propose a novel molecular exciton gate, analogous to a traditional transistor, for controlling exciton migration in chromophoric systems. The gate may be activated with an input of light or an input flow of excitons. Unlike previous gates and switches that control exciton transfer, our proposal does not require isomerization or molecular rearrangement, instead relying on excitation migration via the second singlet (S2) state of the gate molecule--hence the system is named an "S2 exciton gate." After presenting a set of system properties required for proper function of the S2 exciton gate, we show how one would overcome the two possible challenges: short-lived excited states and suppression of false positives. Precision and error rates are studied computationally in a model system with respect to excited-state decay rates and variations in molecular orientation. Finally, we demonstrate that the S2 exciton gate gate can be used to produce binary logical AND, OR, and NOT operations, providing a universal excitonic computation platform with a range of potential applications, including e.g. in signal processing for microscopy.
Measurements of Oleic Acid among Individual Kernels Harvested from Test Plots of Purified Runner and Spanish High Oleic Seed
Authors: Davis J. P. , Leek J.M. , Sweigart D.S. , Dang P. , Butts C.L. , Sorensen R.B. , Chen C.Y. , Lamb M.C.
Published: August 2017

Normal oleic peanuts are often found within commercial lots of high oleic peanuts when sampling among individual kernels. Kernels not meeting high oleic threshold could be true contamination with normal oleic peanuts introduced via poor handling, or kernels not meeting threshold could be immature and not fully expressing the trait. Beyond unintentional mixing, factors contributing to variation in oleic acid concentration in peanut kernels include market type, environment, maturity and/or kernel size; however, the relative influence of these factors, and their interactions, is not quantitatively well understood on the single kernel level. To better understand these factors while simultaneously excluding variation from unintentional mixing, seed from a high oleic spanish cultivar and seed from a high oleic runner cultivar were carefully purified via NIR technology. The purified seed were planted in environmentally controlled test plots to analyze the progeny for oleic acid chemistry. Post flowering, plot sections were either chilled (3.8 -5.0 C below ambient), maintained at ambient or heated (3.8-5.0 C above ambient) in the pod zone to characterize soil temperature effects on oleic acid chemistry development. Fully randomized (4 reps) plots included the purified high oleic spanish and runner cultivars, three soil temperatures, seed maturity (profile board), commercial kernel size classifications, and a late season flower termination protocol. At harvest, the oleic acid concentration of approximately 24,000 individual kernels were measured via NIR technology. Market type, temperature, maturity and size had a significant effect on high oleic chemistry among kernels. Late season flower termination significantly, and positively, influenced high oleic chemistry of runner peanuts, minimized the number of immature kernels not meeting high oleic threshold and resulted in elevated and more consistent distributions in this key chemistry; distributions that were more similar to those of the more botanically determinate, but lower yielding, spanish market type. Data from this study improves our understanding of expected natural variation in high oleic chemistry and suggests late season flower termination of runner peanuts is a viable strategy to maximize high oleic chemistry on the single kernel level.
High contrast homogenisation in nonlinear elasticity under small loads
Authors: Cherdantsev Mikhail , Cherednichenko Kirill , Neukamm Stefan
Published: August 2017

We study the homogenisation of geometrically nonlinear elastic composites with high contrast. The composites we analyse consist of a perforated matrix material, which we call the “stiff” material, and a “soft” material that fills the remaining pores. We assume that the pores are of size [Formula: see text] and are periodically distributed with period ε. We also assume that the stiffness of the soft material degenerates with rate [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], so that the contrast between the two materials becomes infinite as [Formula: see text]. We study the homogenisation limit [Formula: see text] in a low energy regime, where the displacement of the stiff component is infinitesimally small. We derive an effective two-scale model, which, depending on the scaling of the energy, is either a quadratic functional or a partially quadratic functional that still allows for large strains in the soft inclusions. In the latter case, averaging out the small scale-term justifies a single-scale model for high-contrast materials, which features a non-linear and non-monotone effect describing a coupling between microscopic and the effective macroscopic displacements.
Longitudinal changes in knee muscles isokinetic strength and dynamic performance in patients following reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament
Authors: Seo Kyoung Ho , Lee Joong Hoon , Lee Seung-Yeol , Chang Chong-Bum , Lim Jae-Young
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND:

Relatively little is known about the longitudinal changes in strength and function in the early phase compared to long term outcome following reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the isokinetic concentric strength of the knee extensors and flexors as well as the distance jumped in the one-legged hop test in patients before and at 3, 6 and 12 months after (6 and 12 months for the hop test) reconstruction of the ACL.

METHOD:

Seventy-three men, aged 18–50 years took part in the study. The primary outcome measures were the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery and one-legged hop test at 6 and 12 months after post-reconstruction.

RESULTS:

There was a consistent increase in muscular strength between 3 and 12 months post-reconstruction. Fair but significant correlations were found between the IKDC score at 12 months and the peak moment of the knee extensors at 3 and 6 months ([Formula: see text] 0.450 and 0.429, respectively, [Formula: see text] 0.012). 60.2% of the participants satisfied the criteria of successful outcome based on IKDC scores and one-legged hop test at 12 months. The peak moment of knee extensor measured at 3 months after surgery was a significant predictive factor for successful outcome ([Formula: see text] 0.021). Patients in whom muscle strength had recovered well by 3 months after ACL reconstruction were more active in terms of sporting activities and exhibited better dynamic performance at the 1-year follow-up.

CONCLUSION:

Knee extension strengthening in early phase is crucial to restoring sporting performance after ACL reconstruction.
Levitation and nonlinearity characteristics of a diamagnetic levitation structure
Authors: Su Yufeng , Zhang Kun , Ye Zhitong
Published: August 2017

To better understand and make use of its characteristics, a diamagnetic levitation structure, which consists of NdFeB permanent magnets and pyrolytic graphite sheets, is studied in this report. Finite element analysis is performed to analyze the influence of floating magnets with different structures and sizes on the equilibrium spacing and movement space of a floating magnet. The key factors that affect the equilibrium spacing and movement space are obtained, and the effectiveness of the simulation is verified experimentally. Compared to the experimental results, the maximum simulation error is less than 10%. A forced vibration model with a single degree of freedom is used to denote the diamagnetic levitation structure, and the natural frequency is analyzed to be 4.87 Hz for the structure in this study. The nonlinear characteristics of the system are studied to obtain a better understanding of the vibration of the nonlinear system. The diamagnetic levitation structure has great potential in the application of vibration energy harvesters or noncontact sensors and actuators.
Relevance of microstructure and texture to the accuracy and interpretation of 1 and 2 directional characterisation and testing of grain-oriented electrical steels
Authors: Moses Anthony J.
Published: August 2017

This paper is intended to stimulate discussion of some effects of not properly accounting for material microstructure in some established methods of measurement and prediction of losses in electrical steel laminations. Aspects of methods which have been used for many years are briefly discussed and some constraints or pitfalls are raised which users should be aware of. The basic cause of losses is summarised in order to set the scene for discussion of the analysis of losses into classical eddy current, hysteresis and anomalous loss. The possible presence and consequences of transverse flux in grain-oriented (GO) steels is raised followed by an explanation of some effects of the strong anisotropy of GO steel on flux density, magnetic field and loss measurement in stacks and single strips of GO steel. The presentation concludes with some questions on how circular rotational magnetisation can be made and precautions needed when assessing the effect of flux harmonics on the losses.
Using multi-class classification methods to predict baseball pitch types
Authors: Sidle Glenn , Tran Hien
Published: August 2017

Since the introduction of PITCHf/x in 2006, there has been a plethora of data available for anyone who wants to access to the minute details of every baseball pitch thrown over the past nine seasons. Everything from the initial velocity and release point to the break angle and strike zone placement is tracked, recorded, and used to classify the pitch according to an algorithm developed by MLB Advanced Media (MLBAM). Given these classifications, we developed a model that would predict the next type of pitch thrown by a given pitcher, using only data that would be available before he even stepped to the mound. We used data from three recent MLB seasons (2013-2015) to compare individual pitcher predictions based on multi-class linear discriminant analysis, support vector machines, and classification trees to lead to the development of a real-time, live-game predictor. Using training data from the 2013, 2014, and part of the 2015 season, our best method achieved a mean out-of-sample predictive accuracy of 66.62%, and a real-time success rate of over 60%.
Transformation-Based Fuzzy Rule Interpolation Using Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Sets
Authors: Chen Chengyuan , Shen Qiang
Published: August 2017

In support of reasoning with sparse rule bases, fuzzy rule interpolation (FRI) offers a helpful inference mechanism for deriving an approximate conclusion when a given observation has no overlap with any rule in the existing rule base. One of the recent and popular FRI approaches is the scale and move transformation-based rule interpolation, known as T-FRI in the literature. It supports both interpolation and extrapolation with multiple multi-antecedent rules. However, the difficult problem of defining the precise-valued membership functions required in the representation of fuzzy rules, or of the observations, restricts its applications. Fortunately, this problem can be alleviated through the use of type-2 fuzzy sets, owing to the fact that the membership functions of such fuzzy sets are themselves fuzzy, providing a more flexible means of modelling. This paper therefore, extends the existing T-FRI approach using interval type-2 fuzzy sets, which covers the original T-FRI as its specific instance. The effectiveness of this extension is demonstrated by experimental investigations and, also, by a practical application in comparison to the state-of-the-art alternative approach developed using rough-fuzzy sets.
Veterinary and Equine Science Students’ Interpretation of Horse Behaviour
Authors: Gronqvist Gabriella , Rogers Chris , Gee Erica , Martinez Audrey , Bolwell Charlotte
Published: August 2017

Many veterinary and undergraduate equine science students have little previous horse handling experience and a poor understanding of horse behaviour; yet horses are one of the most unsafe animals with which veterinary students must work. It is essential for veterinary and equine students to learn how to interpret horse behaviour in order to understand demeanour and levels of arousal, and to optimise their own safety and the horses’ welfare. The study utilised a qualitative research approach to investigate veterinary science and veterinary technology and undergraduate equine science students’ interpretation of expressive behaviours shown by horses. The students (N = 127) were shown six short video clips and asked to select the most applicable terms, from a pre-determined list, to describe the behavioural expression of each individual horse. A wide variation of terms were selected by students and in some situations of distress, or situations that may be dangerous or lead to compromised welfare, apparently contradictory terms were also selected (happy or playful) by students with less experience with horses. Future studies should consider the use of Qualitative Behavioural Analysis (QBA) and free-choice profiling to investigate the range of terms used by students to describe the expressive demeanour and arousal levels of horses.
Evaluating the Role of the EOF Analysis in 4DEnVar Methods
Authors: Kou Xingxia , Huang Zhekun , Liu Hongnian , Zhang Meigen , Shen Si , Peng Zhen
Published: August 2017

The four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4DVar) method is one of the most popular techniques used in numerical weather prediction. Nevertheless, the needs of the adjoint model and the linearization of the forecast model largely limit the wider applications of 4DVar. 4D ensemble-variational data assimilation methods (4DEnVars) exploit the strengths of the Ensemble Kalman Filter and 4DVar, and use the ensemble trajectories to directly estimate four-dimensional background error covariance. This study evaluates the role of the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis in 4DEnVars. The widely-recognized 4DEnVar method DRP-4DVar (the Dimension-reduced projection 4DVar) is adopted as the representation of EOF analyses in this study. The performance of the Dimension-reduced projection 4DVar (DRP-4DVar), 4DEnVar (i.e., another traditional 4DEnVar scheme without EOF transformation), and the Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (ETKF) was compared to demonstrate the effect of the EOF analysis in DRP-4DVar. Sensitivity experiments indicate that EOF analyses construct basis vectors in eigenvalue space and the dimension reduction in the DRP-4DVar approach helps improve computational efficiency and analysis accuracy. When compared with 4DEnVar and the ETKF, the DRP-4DVar demonstrates similar analysis root-mean-square error (RMSE) to 4DEnVar, whereas it surpasses the ETKF by 22.3%. In addition, sensitivity experiments of DRP-4DVar on the ensemble size, the assimilation window length, and the standard deviation of the initial perturbation imply that the DRP-4DVar with the optimized EOF truncation number is robust to a wide range of the parameters, but extremely low values should be avoided. The results presented here suggest the potential wide application of EOF analysis in the hybrid 4DEnVar methods.
Chemical and Light Extinction Characteristics of Atmospheric Aerosols in Suburban Nanjing, China
Authors: Wu Dan , Zhang Fan , Ge Xinlei , Yang Meng , Xia Junrong , Liu Gang , Li Fengying
Published: August 2017

This work reports the chemical and light extinction characteristics of the atmospheric particles collected from January to November 2014 in suburban Nanjing. Size-segregated measurement results showed that more than 80% of the major aerosol components were concentrated in PM2.5. The concentration of PM2.5 was highest in winter and lowest in autumn. Specifically, K+ concentration peaked in late spring indicating heavy influences from straw burning, while sulfate concentration was highest in summer and its daytime concentration was also higher than its nighttime concentration, both reflecting a significant role of photochemical production. Nevertheless, except for sulfate, all other components had higher concentrations during nighttime, signifying the role of unfavorable meteorological conditions in exacerbating the air pollution. The IMPROVE formula was employed, which can reconstruct the PM2.5 mass and light extinction well. The light extinction was mainly contributed by (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3 (together 58.3%). Mass concentrations of all PM2.5 components increased significantly with the increase of pollution levels, but nitrate increased most rapidly; correspondingly, the contribution of nitrate to light extinction also increased quickly when pollution became heavy. Such results were different from those observed in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei where sulfate increased most quickly. Our results thus highlight that reduction of vehicular NO2 is likely a priority for air quality improvement in Nanjing. Back trajectory analysis showed the dominance of the local air mass and the one from Huanghai, yet the air mass originated from Bohai, and passed though Shandong and north of Jiangsu province could deliver highly-polluted air to Nanjing, as well.
In Vitro Evaluation of Glycoengineered RSV-F in the Human Artificial Lymph Node Reactor
Authors: Radke Lars , Sandig Grit , Lubitz Annika , Schließer Ulrike , Von Horsten Hans , Blanchard Veronique , Keil Karolin , Sandig Volker , Giese Christoph , Hummel Michael , Hinderlich Stephan , Frohme Marcus
Published: August 2017

Subunit vaccines often require adjuvants to elicit sustained immune activity. Here, a method is described to evaluate the efficacy of single vaccine candidates in the preclinical stage based on cytokine and gene expression analysis. As a model, the recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion protein (RSV-F) was produced in CHO cells. For comparison, wild-type and glycoengineered, afucosylated RSV-F were established. Both glycoprotein vaccines were tested in a commercial Human Artificial Lymph Node in vitro model (HuALN®). The analysis of six key cytokines in cell culture supernatants showed well-balanced immune responses for the afucosylated RSV-F, while immune response of wild-type RSV-F was more Th1 accentuated. In particular, stronger and specific secretion of interleukin-4 after each round of re-stimulation underlined higher potency and efficacy of the afucosylated vaccine candidate. Comprehensive gene expression analysis by nCounter gene expression assay confirmed the stronger onset of the immunologic reaction in stimulation experiments with the afucosylated vaccine in comparison to wild-type RSV-F and particularly revealed prominent activation of Th17 related genes, innate immunity, and comprehensive activation of humoral immunity. We, therefore, show that our method is suited to distinguish the potency of two vaccine candidates with minor structural differences.
Adoption and Dissemination Pathways for Climate-Smart Agriculture Technologies and Practices for Climate-Resilient Livelihoods in Lushoto, Northeast Tanzania
Authors: Nyasimi Mary , Kimeli Philip , Sayula George , Radeny Maren , Kinyangi James , Mungai Catherine
Published: August 2017

Smallholder farmers in East Africa need information and knowledge on appropriate climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices, technologies, and institutional innovations in order to effectively adapt to changing climatic conditions and cope with climate variability. This paper assesses farmer adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices and innovation after being exposed to Farms of the Future Approach (FotF). First; we explore and assess the various CSA technologies and practices; including institutional innovations farmers are adopting. Second; we identify and document farmer learning and dissemination pathways that can enhance adoption of CSA technologies and practices. Third; we identify existing institutions that enhance adoption of CSA practices. We use household survey data, complemented by qualitative information from focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The results show farmers are adopting a variety of CSA technologies, practices, and institutional innovations to after participating in the FotF approach with use of improved crop varieties, agroforestry, and scientific weather forecast information cited as the main practices. To minimize their risks and reduce vulnerabilities, farmers are diversifying and integrating five to 10 CSA practices in one season. Matengo pits, SACCOs, and efficient energy stoves were adopted by very few farmers due to their high initial investment costs and unsuitability to the area. Ninety-eight percent of farmers reported that they receive agricultural information orally from a variety of sources including government extension workers, seed companies, researchers, traditional experts, neighbors, radio agricultural shows, religious groups, farmer groups, and family members. Lastly, farmers reported that the FotF approach is a useful tool that enabled them to interact with other farmers and learn new CSA practices and innovations. Suggested improvements to make on the FotF included include longer trip duration, increased number of farmer participants, and gender balance and age considerations to include youth.
16S rRNA Gene-Based Metagenomic Analysis of Ozark Cave Bacteria
Authors: Oliveira Cássia , Gunderman Lauren , Coles Cathryn , Lochmann Jason , Parks Megan , Ballard Ethan , Glazko Galina , Rahmatallah Yasir , Tackett Alan , Thomas David
Published: August 2017

The microbial diversity within cave ecosystems is largely unknown. Ozark caves maintain a year-round stable temperature (12–14 °C), but most parts of the caves experience complete darkness. The lack of sunlight and geological isolation from surface-energy inputs generate nutrient-poor conditions that may limit species diversity in such environments. Although microorganisms play a crucial role in sustaining life on Earth and impacting human health, little is known about their diversity, ecology, and evolution in community structures. We used five Ozark region caves as test sites for exploring bacterial diversity and monitoring long-term biodiversity. Illumina MiSeq sequencing of five cave soil samples and a control sample revealed a total of 49 bacterial phyla, with seven major phyla: Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, and Nitrospirae. Variation in bacterial composition was observed among the five caves studied. Sandtown Cave had the lowest richness and most divergent community composition. 16S rRNA gene-based metagenomic analysis of cave-dwelling microbial communities in the Ozark caves revealed that species abundance and diversity are vast and included ecologically, agriculturally, and economically relevant taxa.
Accounting for Nonlinearity, Asymmetry, Heterogeneity, and Cross-Sectional Dependence in Energy Modeling: US State-Level Panel Analysis
Authors: Liddle Brantley
Published: August 2017

This paper provides an example of several modeling and econometric advances used in the panel estimation of energy demand elasticities. The paper models the demand of total, industrial, and transport energy consumption and residential and commercial electricity consumption by analyzing US state-based panel data. The paper employs recently developed dynamic panel methods that address heterogeneity, nonstationarity, and cross-sectional dependence. In addition, the paper (i) considers possible nonlinear relationships between energy consumption and income without employing polynomial transformations of integrated income; and (ii) allows for and calculates possible asymmetric relationships between energy consumption and price. Finally, the paper models energy efficiency improvements by a nonlinear time trend. To our knowledge no other paper has combined all of the econometric and modeling advances that are applied here. Most of the results conformed to expectations; however, limited to no evidence of nonlinearities and asymmetries were uncovered.
Performance Evaluation of a Hydrogen-Based Clean Energy Hub with Electrolyzers as a Self-Regulating Demand Response Management Mechanism
Authors: Wang Weiliang , Wang Dan , Jia Hongjie , He Guixiong , Hu Qing’e , Sui Pang-Chieh , Fan Menghua
Published: August 2017

Energy management of hybrid resources has become a critical issue in integrated energy system analysis. In this study, as a self-regulating demand response (DR) management mechanism, deferrable electrolyzers are used as a main controlled resource in a hydrogen-based clean energy hub (CEH), which includes a traditional generation plant (TGP), a low-carbon generation plant (LGP), and wind energy. Based on the hysteresis control model for aggregated electrolyzers, a comfort-constrained optimal energy state regulation (OESR) control strategy is implemented to model the deregulation feature of aggregated electrolyzers. The electrolyzers’ population can be integrated as a controlled efficient power plant (EPP) to provide the virtual spinning reserve for CEH. As a flexible and self-regulating participant, the electrolyzer-based EPP is integrated into the hybrid resource constrained optimization model; this reduces the total cost of CEH and carbon emissions and improves the integration of wind energy. Combined with TGP, LGP, and wind energy, the simulation results show that the deployment of aggregated electrolyzers on both the supply and demand sides of the CEH contributes to significant amounts of low-carbon hydrogen. The simulation also illustrates that the DR control strategy has a positive effect on active power and reserve re-dispatch.
Biotrickling Filtration of Air Contaminated with 1-Butanol
Authors: Schmidt Thomas , Anderson William
Published: August 2017

The removal of high concentrations of 1-butanol in an air stream was evaluated with a biotrickling filter for potential application to an industrial off-gas. Experiments were conducted on a laboratory-scale system, packed with perlite, in a co-current downward mode with constant recycling of water. The performance was monitored for different inlet concentrations and empty bed residence times during a period of over 60 days of stable operation. A maximum elimination capacity (EC) of 100 g m−3 h−1 was achieved during periods in which the butanol concentration varied from 0.55 to 4.65 g m−3. The removal efficiency was stable and exceeded 80% for butanol concentrations in the range of 0.4 to 1.2 g m−3, corresponding to inlet mass loadings of up to approximately 100 g m−3 h−1. However, when the concentration exceeded 4 g m−3, removal efficiency rapidly dropped to 15% (EC of 22 g m−3 h−1), indicating an inhibition effect that was reversed by decreasing the inlet concentration. This biotrickling filter was able to deal with higher sustained butanol concentrations than have been previously reported, but might not be suitable for concentrations much in excess of 1.2 g m−3 or mass inlet loads in excess of 100 g m−3 h−1.
Pricing of Staple Foods at Supermarkets versus Small Food Stores
Authors: Caspi Caitlin , Pelletier Jennifer , Harnack Lisa , Erickson Darin , Lenk Kathleen , Laska Melissa
Published: August 2017

Prices affect food purchase decisions, particularly in lower-income communities, where access to a range of food retailers (including supermarkets) is limited. The aim of this study was to examine differences in staple food pricing between small urban food stores and the closest supermarkets, as well as whether pricing differentials varied based on proximity between small stores and larger retailers. In 2014, prices were measured for 15 staple foods during store visits in 140 smaller stores (corner stores, gas-marts, dollar stores, and pharmacies) in Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN and their closest supermarket. Mixed models controlling for store type were used to estimate the average price differential between: (a) smaller stores and supermarkets; (b) isolated smaller stores (>1 mile to closest supermarket) and non-isolated smaller stores; and (c) isolated smaller stores inside versus outside USDA-identified food deserts. On average, all items except white bread were 10–54% more expensive in smaller stores than in supermarkets (p < 0.001). Prices were generally not significantly different in isolated stores compared with non-isolated stores for most items. Among isolated stores, there were no price differences inside versus outside food deserts. We conclude that smaller food stores have higher prices for most staple foods compared to their closest supermarket, regardless of proximity. More research is needed to examine staple food prices in different retail spaces.
Dynamics of Implementation and Maintenance of Organizational Health Interventions
Authors: Jalali Mohammad , Rahmandad Hazhir , Bullock Sally , Ammerman Alice
Published: August 2017

In this study, we present case studies to explore the dynamics of implementation and maintenance of health interventions. We analyze how specific interventions are built and eroded, how the building and erosion mechanisms are interconnected, and why we can see significantly different erosion rates across otherwise similar organizations. We use multiple comparative obesity prevention case studies to provide empirical information on the mechanisms of interest, and use qualitative systems modeling to integrate our evolving understanding into an internally consistent and transparent theory of the phenomenon. Our preliminary results identify reinforcing feedback mechanisms, including design of organizational processes, motivation of stakeholders, and communication among stakeholders, which influence implementation and maintenance of intervention components. Over time, these feedback mechanisms may drive a wedge between otherwise similar organizations, leading to distinct configurations of implementation and maintenance processes.
Reprimo, a Potential p53-Dependent Tumor Suppressor Gene, Is Frequently Hypermethylated in Estrogen Receptor α-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Buchegger Kurt , Riquelme Ismael , Viscarra Tamara , Ili Carmen , Brebi Priscilla , Huang Tim , Roa Juan
Published: August 2017

Aberrant DNA methylation is a hallmark of many cancers. Currently, there are four intrinsic molecular subtypes in breast cancer (BC): Luminal A, B, Her2-positive, and triple negative (TNBC). Recently, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project has revealed that Luminal subtypes have higher levels of genome-wide methylation that may be a result of Estrogen/Estrogen receptor α (E2/ERα) signaling pathway activation. In this study, we analyze promoter CpG-island (CGIs) of the Reprimo (RPRM) gene in breast cancers (n = 77), cell lines (n = 38), and normal breast tissue (n = 10) using a MBDCap-seq database. Then, a validation cohort (n = 26) was used to confirm the results found in the MBDCap-seq platform. A differential methylation pattern was found between BC and cell lines compared to normal breast tissue. In BC, a higher DNA methylation was observed in tissues that were ERα-positive than in ERα-negative ones; more precisely, subtypes Luminal A compared to TNBC. Also, significant reverse correlation was observed between DNA methylation and RPRM mRNA expression in BC. Our data suggest that ERα expression in BC may affect the DNA methylation of CGIs in the RPRM gene. This approach suggests that DNA methylation status in CGIs of some tumor suppressor genes could be driven by E2 availability, subsequently inducing the activation of the ERα pathway.