bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Münchhausen-syndrom by proxy
Authors: Mogensen Joan , Brun Birgitte
Published: December 2022

Münchausen syndrome by proxy is a form of child abuse, characterized by a mother harming her child, either by making it ill or by producing false symptoms or stories intending to initiate medical examinations and treatment. In this article, focus is on the phenomenological description of the perpetrator, primarily based on experience and knowledge gathered through psychological assessment of these mothers in a Danish context.The phenomenological description challenges the dominating opinion concerning the basic psychopathology, which identifies the mother as suffering from a personality disorder.It is tentatively argued that at the core of their personalities these women are psychotic.
Depression, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, and Life Satisfaction in Greenlandic Adults
Authors: Zaragoza Scherman Alejandra
Published: December 2022

Suicide is a major public health problem in Greenland. Despitethe fact that suicide is highly associated with depression, posttraumaticstress disorder (PTSD), and life satisfaction there arevirtually no data about the extent to which Greenlandic individualsexperience these mental health problems or a sense of wellbeing.In this study, a group of 137 Greenlandic adults completedmeasures of depression, PTSD, and life satisfaction. In addition,they also provided memories of traumatic or stressful and positivelife events they had experienced during their lives. No sexdifferences were found in any of the measures. Results showedthat 25.8 % of the participants reported symptoms of mild ormajor depression, while 13% reported high PTSD scores, and10% of the sample reported being dissatisfied with their lives.Keywords: depression, PTSD, life satisfaction, Greenlandicmiddle-aged and older adults, life events
Summaries
Authors: Berliner Peter
Published: December 2022

English summaries.
Social resiliens i Nanortalik
Authors: Berliner Peter , Tróndheim Taitsiannguaq
Published: December 2022

Denne artikel handler om social resiliens blandt unge i Nanortalik.Dette undersøges dels gennem en spørgeskemaundersøgelseog dels gennem interviews. Denne artikel fokuserer påspørgeskemaundersøgelsen. Formålet med undersøgelsen er atpege på områder i de unges liv, som med fordel kan styrkes forat øge trivsel og fælles styrke til at forebygge, møde og kommesig over modgang i livet. Det sidste er det, vi her kalder socialresiliens. Seks klasser deltog i spørgeskema undersøgelsen (8.- 10. klasse samt Majoriaq). Det blev til 68 udfyldte spørgeskemaer.Samlet set viser resultaterne, at omkring 20 % af de ungealdrig eller sjældent er tilfredse med sig selv og ligeledes omkring20 % føler sig aldrig eller sjældent glade. Cirka 20 %svarer, at de aldrig eller sjaeldent føler sig rolige. Vi så endvidere,at kun lidt over halvdelen af de unge har nogle som deofte eller altid kan betro sig til samt at de kan have svaert vedat slappe af sammen med andre. De unge mener selv at respektfor hinanden, tryghed og er de vigtigste vaerdier for dem – sammenmed kaerlighed til børn og samarbejde. De mener også, atder generelt er tillid, tryghed og respekt i lokalsamfundet, menisaer respekt og tryghed ligger lidt lavere i lokalsamfundet endi de unges egne værdier. Undersøgelsen peger på, at der generelter en høj grad af trivsel og social resiliens blandt unge,men at det er vigtigt at styrke dette, således at det omfatter alleunge og ikke blot 4 ud af 5. Denne styrkelse kan tage afsaet i dethøje niveau for tillid, respekt og sikkerhed/tryghed, som lokalsamfundetifølge de unge allerede rummer i høj grad. Man kanfokusere på at være endnu mere respektfuld og tillidsfulde ogderved skabe endnu flere områder med tryghed for alle.
At hælde storm i et glas. Et systematisk litteraturstudie af selvmedicinering hos individer med personlighedsforstyrrelse
Authors: Troelsgaard Marie , Glintborg Charlotte
Published: December 2022

Personlighedsforstyrrelser er ifølge Sundhedsstyrelsen den gruppe af psykiske lidelser, der hyppigst forekommer sammen med alkoholafhængighed (ca. 38 %), dog uden at man kender årsagen bag denne sammenhæng. Dette kan undre i en tid med så stor fokus på evidensbaseret praksis. Den fremherskende forklaringsramme for sammenhængen er, at misbruget funger­er som en affektreguleringsstrategi, hvilket søges mere specifikt udforsket og udfordret i denne artikel.Artiklen tager udgangspunkt i et systematisk litteraturstudie, hvor der ved hjælp af internationale elektroniske databaser er søgt efter empiriske forskningsstudier. Disse er blevet læst, vurderet og siden fremstillet ved hjælp af PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Pro-tocols).Studiet viser indledningsvist, at det endnu er uafklaret, hvor­vidt komorbiditeten kan tilskrives en generel patologi fælles for alle personlighedsforstyrrelser, eller den har rod i specifikke diagnostiske kriterier eller træk. Der er fokus på affektdysreg-ulering, impulsivitet, interpersonel funktionsevne samt det ud-viklingsmæssige perspektiv i den inkluderede forskning, som dog er præget af metodologiske svagheder. Ultimativt er det dog klart, at selvmedicineringsforståelsen ikke kan stå alene i sin simple form - bl.a. fordi der i studierne også påvises en sammenhæng mellem positiv affekt og alkoholindtag. Vi konk­luderer, at dette kan være en del af forklaringen på den stærke sammenhæng: at adskillige motiver samt ikke gensidigt udeluk­kende faktorer er til stede, hvilket skaber det komplekse, skade­lige og vedligeholdende samspil mellem personlighedsforstyr­relser og alkoholafhængighed.
Sorghallucinationer eller sanseoplevelser?
Authors: Kamp Karina Stengaard , Spindler Helle
Published: December 2022

Det er almindeligt, at efterladte ser, hører, mærker eller fornemmer tilstedeværelsen af den afdøde. På trods af det, ved vi ikke ret meget om oplevelserne, hverken om deres betydning for de efterladte eller deres indvirkning på sorgforløbet. Emnet har kun modtaget begrænset opmærksomhed i sorgforskningen, hvilket kan skyldes det generelle tabu, som omgiver oplevelserne både blandt efterladte, pårørende og fagpersoner i vesten. Vi mangler et fælles sprog for sanseoplevelser af afdøde. Udfordringerneved at finde et sprog, som er meningsfyldt for både fag- og lægfolk, vil blive belyst og diskuteret. Artiklen vil desuden give et kritisk overblik over forskningen indtil nu.
Perspektiver på læsning
Authors: Knudsen Hanne B. Søndergaard , De López Kristine Jensen , Morken Frøydis , Götzsche Hans , Frost Jørgen
Published: December 2022

Artiklen skitserer læsningens psykologi som felt, placerer det i en historisk kontekst og præsenterer et overblik over, hvordan der arbejdes med feltet i Danmark og Norge lige nu – med fokus på teorier om læsning, læseprocesser og indsats i forhold til læsevanskeligheder. Forfatterne beskriver også feltet emergentliteracy og vigtigheden af en pædagogisk praksis, hvor småbørns første møde med skriftsproget er forankret i et nært socialt samspil. Formålet er at bidrage til en fortsat faglig dialog inden for forsknings- og praksisfeltet i Skandinavien, og i konteksten af de nye metodiske tiltag og deres muligheder.
Tidlig leseutvikling på tvers av ulike alfabetiske skriftspråk
Authors: Furnes Bjarte
Published: December 2022

Majoriteten av all forskning på barns tidlige leseutvikling er gjennomført i engelskspråklige land. Samtidig er det stilt spørsmål ved hvor generaliserbar denne forskningen er. Engelsk er karakterisert som en ikke-regulær eller dyp ortografi ved at det eksisterer et lavt samsvar mellom lydene i språket og bokstavene i skrift. De fleste andre europeiske skriftspråk innehar derimot en mer regulær korrespondanse mellom lyd og bokstav. Studier har vist at leseutviklingen går raskere i regulaereskriftspråk, samt at skriftspråkets regularitet også har betydning for hvilke strategier som tas i bruk når ord skal leses. Videre har studier vist at sammenhengen mellom språklige og kognitive ferdigheter og senere leseferdigheter også påvirkes av forskjeller i ortografisk regularitet. Artikkelen diskuterer denne forskningen sett i lys av teoretiske modeller som forklarer hvordan barn lærer seg å lese, samt hvilke implikasjoner forskjeller i ortografisk regularitet kan ha for den tidlige leseopplæringen.
Kroppe, bøger og skærme: Læsningens materialitet
Authors: Aagaard Jesper
Published: December 2022

På trods af en eksplosiv vlkst i udbuddet af e-bøger, fortsætter den trykte bog med at være mange menneskers foretrukne valg. Hvordan skal vi forklare denne vedvarende popularitet? Formålet med denne artikel er at undersøge dette spørgsmål. Først diskuteres en kognitiv tilgang, der primært forstår læsning somen visuel proces. Problemet med dette rent visuelle fokus er dog, at læsemediernes betydning undervurderes. Derfor introducerer denne artikel en postfænomenologisk tilgang, der tager udgangspunkt i vores kropslige brug af teknologiske genstande. Denne tilgang åbner for analyser af, hvordan læsemedier former,præger eller medierer vores læseoplevelser. Dernæst introduceres Anne Mangens forskning, som viser, at trykte bøgerinviterer til vedvarende fordybelse og indlevelse, mens skærme frister til flygtig og oversigtsorienteret læsning. Slutteligt diskuteres denne pointe “indefra”: Er denne dynamik forårsaget af læsemediernes materielle affordances, eller kan der være tale om tillærte vaner?
Sprogforståelse og kognitiv processering hos børn med hørenedsættelse
Authors: Esbensen Annette
Published: December 2022

Artiklen præsenterer en undersøgelse af sprogforståelse, opmærksomhed og arbejdshukommelse hos danske børn medhørenedsaettelse, børn med specifikke sprogforstyrrelser og typisk udviklede børn i alderen 7 til 12 år. Hovedformålet er at belyse sprog og kognition hos børn med hørenedsaettelse, hvor særligt input og processering er centrale aspekter. Det er afgørende for tilrettelæggelsen af interventioner, at det belyses hvorvidt det enkelte barns sprogforstyrrelse er inputbetinget (f.eks. med relation til nedsat hørelse) og/eller processeringsbaseret (f.eks. med relation til arbejdshukommelse eller opmærksomhed). Forskningslitteraturen beskriver, at de sproglige udfordringer, som vi kan se hos nogle børn med hørenedsættelse, kan ligne de sprogforstyrrelser, som vi kan se hos børn med specifikke sprogforstyrrelser. Undersøgelsen er designetsom et tværsnitsstudie og inkluderer 16 børn med meget let til svær hørenedsættelse, 11 børn med specifikke sprogforstyrrelsersamt 25 typisk udviklede børn.
Lidelsen i tabet: fænomenologiske betragtninger over tabserfaringens affektive dybde
Authors: Køster Allan
Published: December 2022

I denne artikel forfølges tanken, at den affektive dimension af prægnant sorg, som følger tab, ikke kun er noget, der erfares på et emotionelt niveau, men at tabserfaringen også skaber modifikationer i, hvad der i fænomenologien kaldes eksistentielle følelser. Eksistentielle følelser refererer til den grundlæggende affektive integration mellem selv og verden, som er ansvarlig for, hvordan det føles at eksistere. Med rod i et fænomenologisk perspektiv illustreres disse ændringer gennemtre cases, der er taget fra dybdegående, fænomenologiske interviews med personer, som har været eksponeret for et tidligt forældretab. Mere specifikt er det artiklens intention at vise, at vi kan forstå disse ændringer som modifikationer i den måde, personen resonerer med verden på, og at denne ændrede resonansprofili sidste ende medfører en grundlæggende følelse af eksistentiel ensomhed. Slutteligt præsenterer jeg nogle skitseagtige overvejelser over, hvad dette implicerer for vores tilgang til at hjælpe børn og unge i denne situation, og kalder på kropsterapeutiske tilgange.
Social udsathed som ressource? Brugerperspektiver på COVID-19-krisen på varmestuer og hjemløseherberger
Authors: Nygaard-Christensen Maj , Pedersen Siri Mørch
Published: December 2022

Denne artikel undersøger nogle af de strategier, brugere af varmestuer og herberger brugte for at klare sig igennem COVID-19-pandemiens første bølge i Danmark. Socialt udsatte borgere blev kort efter nedlukningen i marts 2011 kategoriseret som særligt sårbare i forhold til smitterisiko og muligheder for isolation i tilfælde af smitte. Der er imidlertid mangel på viden om de strategier, socialt udsatte borgere, såsom hjemløse eller borgere med problematisk rusmiddelbrug, benytter til at klare sig i krisebegivenheder. Ofte beskrives de primært som ofre for, nærmere end nogle, der aktivt handler og agerer i krisesituationer som den, COVID-19-pandemien udgør. Med udgangspunkt i kvalitative interviews og etnografisk feltarbejde viser artiklen imidlertid, hvordan brugere trak på erfaringer, man ofte ville forbinde med centrale dimensioner af et udsat liv – fængselsophold eller et liv på gaden – som ressourcer i forhold til den aktuelle krisehåndtering. Dermed udfordres dominerende ideer om socialt udsathed i brugerperspektiver på pandemiens første bølge i fortællinger, der ligeledes genforhandler ideer om relationen mellem socialt udsatte og majoritetsbefolkningen.
Temporalitet som nøgle til forståelsen af Meads socialpsykologi
Authors: Bo Inger Glavind
Published: December 2022

Artiklens formål er at redegøre for G.H. Meads begreb om temporalitet som en central nøgle til forståelsen af hans teori om selvets dannelse og social interaktion. Denne teori, eller måske snarere skitse til en teori, præsenterer han i sin lille bog fra 1932: ”The Philosophy of the present”2. Her skriver han om øjeblikket – og dermed det mest flygtige aspekt af tiden – som virkelighedens locus. For at vi kan forstå os selv og den interaktion, vi indgår i, må vi nødvendigvis kæde øjeblikke sammen – ikke som perler på en snor, men som et sammenhængende forløb, hvor nutid, fremtid og fortid gennemtrænger hinanden, som det er tilfældet i oplevelsen af en melodi. Tiden skal i Meads perspektiv ikke forstås som en kanal eller en beholder, som det oplevelsesmæssige indhold løber igennem. Tiden er selve dette kvalitative indhold. Hverken hukommelsen af fortidige begivenheder eller skabelse af selvet er nogen fast størrelse, men under konstant redigering og konstruktion, hvis udgangspunkt er det konkrete øjeblik her og nu. Meads begreb om temporalitet giver en bedre forståelse for hans socialpsykologiske bidrag til sociologien samt til hans mere filosofiske indsigter, der kan læses som grundsten til et narrativt perspektiv. Mead drager ikke selv denne konklusion, men det ligger ligefor at koble Meads forståelse af temporalitet med et fokus på meningsskabelse via narrativitet.
PSYKOTERAPIFORSKNING GENNEM 100 ÅR – HVOR LANGT ER VI NÅET?
Authors: Hougaard Esben
Published: December 2022

Psykoterapiforskningens start er blevet lokaliseret til 1920, året for grundlæggelsen af det første psykoanalytiske institut, Berlin Poliklinik, hvor man fra starten registrerede patientdata til kvantitativ bearbejdelse. Artiklen gennemgår træk af psykoterapiforskningens historie ved effekt, proces og patientprædiktorer med opdateringer om aktuelle forskningstendenser. Den redegør for forskellige paradigmer for forståelsen af forholdet mellem videnskab og praksis: evidensbaseret psykoterapi, procesbaseret psykoterapi og fællesfaktorterapi. Det konkluderes, at psykoterapiforskningen har haft enorm indflydelse på psykoterapiens anvendelse, primært i kraft af den overbevisende dokumentation for psykoterapiens effekt. Der foregår nu metodisk avanceret forskning i terapiens virkningsmekanismer og patientprædiktorer i bestræbelser for at nå til ”personaliseret” terapi, tilpasset den enkelte patient. Forskningen er dog her fortsat uden klare, praktisk anvendelige resultater.
Integrative Model of Adjustment to Chronic Conditions (IMACC)
Authors: Dreijer Hammond Lis
Published: December 2022

The Integrative Model of Adjustment to Chronic Conditions (IMACC) tilbyder en teoretisk forståelse af den biopsykosociale transitionsproces i længerevarende sygdom og/eller funktionsevnenedsættelse. Modellen, som blev udviklet ved brug af Grounded Theory med inddragelse af teoretiske elementer fra kognitiv adfærdsterapi, har potentiale som en integrativ behandlingsmodel i rehabiliteringspraksis. Hovedformålet med artiklen er at præsentere IMACC-teorien konceptuelt og dermed oversætte teoriens begreber til dansk. Dette er vigtigt i betragtning af modellens potentiale som behandlingsmodel. I rehabiliteringssamtaler er det vigtigt, at sproget er relaterbart for borgere og pårørende til personer med længerevarende sygdom og/eller funktionsevnenedsættelse. Præsentationen af modellens forskellige niveauer og IMACC som helhed omfatter diskussion af begrænsninger og forslag til videreudvikling af centrale punkter. Der er lagt vægt på behovet for testning af modellen som et udrednings- og behandlingsredskab i rehabiliteringen.
Hvilke forestillinger har børn med sproglige vanskeligheder om deres sproglige færdigheder?
Authors: Esbensen Annette
Published: December 2022

Artiklen præsenterer en undersøgelse af, hvordan tegninger kan anvendes i samtalen med børn, som har sproglige vanskeligheder. Det er en undersøgelse af, hvordan tre seksårige drenge med Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) beskriver og illustrerer tanker og forestillinger omkring deres sproglige færdigheder. Der anvendes interviews (samtaler) og tegninger, hvor børnene tegner et selvportræt og derefter tegner sig selv, når de taler med andre. Da børnene med DLD har receptive og produktive sproglige vanskeligheder, giver børnetegningerne dem mulighed for at udtrykke følelser og forestillinger på anden vis end verbalt. I casebeskrivelserne indgår oplysninger om børnenes sproglige færdigheder fra PPR (Pædagogisk Psykologisk Rådgivning) og forfatterens observationsnoter. Børnetegningerne og samtalerne belyses og analyseres samlet for hvert barn med et ”meaning making”- perspektiv og et psykoanalytisk perspektiv, da fokus ikke blot er på det konkrete verbale.
Skyld og eksistens
Authors: Meier Joachim
Published: December 2022

Sartre hævdede, at mennesket er ”fordømt til frihed”. I deneksistentialistiske tradition og diskurs opfattes frihed – og angsten,der ledsager den – ofte som det centrale ontologiske karakteristikum.Formålet med denne artikel er imidlertid igennemfænomenet skyld at udfordre frihedens primat i den eksistentiellediskurs ved at vise dens etisk-eksistentielle grænser.Under anvendelse af skønlitterært materiale fra Fjodor Dostojevskijsforfatterskab samt kvalitative interviews fra et igangværendeforskningsprojekt, der omhandler unges oplevelser afdårlig samvittighed, argumenterer jeg for, at der forud formenneskets refleksive og autonome forhold til sig selv eksistereren prærefleksiv bundethed, som den enkelte ikke selv ersuveræn herre over. På denne baggrund bestemmes skyld somet ontologisk karakteristikum, der henviser mennesket til fundamentalegrænser (grundvilkår) i form af den Anden, endelighed,men også frihed. Disse grænser, argumenterer jeg for, kanikke isoleres fra menneskets etisk-eksistentielle liv, men dannergrundlag for en ontologisk etik. Det betyder, at spørgsmål, derangår det menneskelige vilkår (ontologi), er uløseligt forbundettil spørgsmål om, hvordan mennesket bør leve og forholdesig (etik). Afslutningsvist forsøger jeg at vise, hvordan de eksistentialegrænser kan anvendes til at forstå baggrunden for denstigende psykiske mistrivsel i det senmoderne samfund.
“Amor Deseado”, apodo y canción: una escondida alusión a Juan de Luxemburgo, el rey ciego de Bohemia, en El Victorial
Authors: Beltran Rafael
Published: December 2022

In ch. 80 of El Victorial, the author, Gutierre Díaz de Games, presents as the youngest son of Edward III of England, in a pseudo-historical context, a blind, strong and brave knight “in love”; his soubriquet, “Desired Love” (‘Amor Deseado’), would be taken from a song composed by a poet in his memory, after he died fighting heroically. Everything leads to think that Gutierre Diaz confuses “Desired Love” with John of Luxembourg (1296-1346), the famous blind king of Bohemia who also died fighting in the battle of Crécy (1346). This article deals with mentions of this royal character, who was considered an exemplary model of chivalry. The allusion to this “Desired Love”, soubriquet and song, could come from some French poem or song that Pero Niño could have heard while travelling through France accompanied by his standard-bearer, the author of El Victorial. The numerous mentions of other French knights, military men, lovers, and sometimes even poets show that both, knight and writer, were very familiar with French courtly and poetic milieux.
Hybrid Classification Model for Biomedical Data Analysis
Authors: Novoselova Natalia , Tom Igor
Published: December 2022

The paper describes a method for constructing a hybrid classification model that allows combining several sources of biological information in order to build a classifier to identify subtypes of complex diseases. The distinctive feature of the method is its adaptive nature, i.e. the ability to build efficient classifiers regardless of data types, as well as a multi-criteria approach to evaluate the effectiveness of a classification. The testing results on real biomedical data showed the advantages of the proposed hybrid model in comparison with individual classifiers.
Surface plasma wave excited by laser pulse obliquely incident on a double-layer plasma target and ts application
Authors: Li Tian-Cheng , Zhang Xiao-Hai , Sheng Zheng-Mao ,   Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Published: December 2022

Surface plasma wave (SPW) will significantly affect the subsequent mutual coupling between laser and plasma, so there are many important applications such as particle acceleration driven by laser pulses and transmission enhancement. In this work, the properties of the SPW produced by an ultra-short and ultra-intensity laser pulse incident on a double-layer plasma target are studied by using the all-electromagnetic large-scale two-dimensional particle in cell (PIC) simulations. It is shown that the high-intensity laser incident with a large angle, θ =75°, can drive the electrons of the low-density layer to form a transportable periodic structure with the propagation speed close to light speed, and excite electrostatic wave whose wavelength is similar to that of the incident laser and is numerically close to the theoretical result according to previous theory. In order to excite the SPW, the laser intensity needs to reach a certain threshold. Besides, the ratio of the surface wave intensity to the incident laser intensity in the double-layer target case obviously deviates from the theoretical result of the single-layer target case, showing a nonlinear relationship. In the second part of the simulation, it is found that the SPW can significantly enhance the transmission of subsequent laser pulse, allowing the subsequent laser to break through the "black barrier" due to the dense plasma. A pre-laser irradiates the double-layer plasma target at θ = 75°, and then the subsequent laser is normally incident after a delay of Δt = 23T. As a result, an obvious electromagnetic wave with the same direction as the sub-laser can be observed behind the target, which indicates that the sub-laser absolutely transmits the dense plasma. In comparison, when a single laser is normally incident on the target without pre-laser while other conditions keep unchanged, no obvious wave can be distinguished behind the target, that is, the field is nearly zero. Another simulation where a single-layer target is injected by pre-laser and sub-laser in order but the wave behind the target is also unobservable, proves that it is SPW that plays the main role in transmission enhancement instead of accelerated hot electrons on the target which can also transport the laser energy.
Plasma in-situ imaging detection technology on China’s Space Station Wentian module
Authors: Liu Chao , Zhang Ai-Bing , Sun Yue-Qiang , Kong Ling-Gao , Wang Wen-Jing , Guan Yi-Bing , Wang Yong-Song , Zheng Xiang-Zhi , Tian Zheng , Gao Jun ,   National Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing100190, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China,   Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration, National Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
Published: December 2022

In order to meet the needs of ionospheric research and monitoring of space station charging, the technology of plasma in-situ imaging detection is studied. The plasma in-situ imaging detector is one of the first outside scientific payloads of the Chinese space station to detect the space environment. It is installed on the extravehicular platform of the Wentian module, and will carry out multi-element comprehensive detection of ionospheric plasma, including in-situ, imaging, and charging potential. The refined detection data of the low latitude ionosphere will provide plasma parameters for improving the orbital ionospheric model of the space station. And the long-term charging potential data are collected to support the studying of the charging effect of plasma on the space station and promoting the establishment of the space station charging evaluation system.

The plasma in-situ imaging detector integrates Langmuir probe, retarding potential analyzer, ion drift meter, reference potentiometer, ion imaging technology, etc. Electron density and electron temperature are measured by Langmuir probe. Ion composition,ion density,ion temperature, and ion drift velocity are measured by retarding potential analyzer and ion drift meter. The ion imaging parameters are obtained by ion imager. The reference potential sensor is available to provide the measurements of charging potential of Wentian module. The Langmuir probe sensor inherits the design of the Langmuir probe sensor of CSES (Zhangheng-1 satellite). The retarding potential analyzer and ion drift meter also inherit the design of CSES (Zhangheng-1 satellite), and improve the design of grid voltage and collector voltage which can be adjusted adaptively according to on orbit state. The ion imager consists of an electrostatic deflection module, a Whalen analyzer and an imaging module. The ion imaging technology is for the first time applied to the field of space environment detection in China.

The plasma in-situ imaging detector is tested and calibrated to verify the performance at the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. when this paper is submitted, the detector mounted on Wentian module has been successfully launched. Next, the detector will be assembled by astronauts inside the capsule using external interfaces . Then, the detector will be grabbed by the robotic arm and installed on the extravehicular experimental platform to start a long-term exploration mission.
Experimental study on 10-cm ECRIT neutralizer with nitrogen gas
Authors: Tan Ren-Wei , Yang Juan , Geng Hai , Wu Xian-Ming , Mou Hao ,   School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China,   Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China
Published: December 2022

Electron cyclotron resonance ion thruster (ECRIT) with a diameter of 10 cm can be operated in multiple types of gases and it is feasible to be applied to air-breathing electric propulsion systems. The study on the neutralizer of the ECRIT running in nitrogen gas is the basis for the study on the ECRIT running in nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas. When the ECR neutralizer of typical 10-cm ECRIT running in xenon gas runs in nitrogen gas, the extracted electron current is reduced, because ions tend to drift out of the neutralizer, due to the lower molecular weight of nitrogen. The typical neutralizer is no longer suitable for running in nitrogen gas. In this work, based on the 10-cm typical ECR neutralizer, in order to inhibit ions drifting out of the neutralizer and improve the performance of electron extraction, a bipolar ECR neutralizer suitable for running in nitrogen gas is experimentally studied. The results show that under the conditions of gas mass flow rate of 0.04 mg/s and input power of 10 W, the anode voltage required by the typical ECR neutralizer running in nitrogen gas is 150 V when the extracted electron current is 134 mA. However, the bipolar ECR neutralizer requires only 50-V anode voltage, which decreases by about 67%. When the anode voltage is 40V, the power loss of the typical ECR neutralizer is 1204.82 W/A, while the power loss of the bipolar ECR neutralizer is 95.23 W/A, which is about 8.3% of the former. The ion shielding effect of the bipolar ECR neutralizer running on nitrogen gas is remarkable and the electron extraction performance is improved.
Hypercomplex Numbers and Roots of Algebraic Equation
Authors: Gu Ying-Qiu
Published: December 2022

By means of hypercomplex numbers, in this paper we discuss algebraic equations and obtain some interesting relations. A structure equation $A^2=nA$ of a group is derived. The matrix representation of a group constitutes the basis elements of a hypercomplex number system. By a canonical real matrix representation of a cyclic group, we define the cyclic number system, which is exactly the solution space of the higher order algebraic equations, and thus can be used to solve the roots of algebraic equations. Hypercomplex numbers are linear algebras with definition of multiplication and division, satisfying the associativity and distributive law, which provide a unified, standard, and elegant language for many complex mathematical and physical objects. So, we have one more proof that the hypercomplex numbers are worthy of application in teaching and scientific research.
The use of 'ocupar' as a verb of necessity in Mexican Spanish
Authors: Garcia Chavez Erick
Published: December 2022

In Mexican Spanish, ocupar (‘to occupy’) is often employed as a verb of need and necessity, with a similar use and denotation to those of necesitar (‘to need’). Despite it being widespread, very little has been written about this phenomenon. In this article, I provide a description of this novel meaning. This description is supported by a Twitter-based study on the distribution of the meanings of ocupar around three Mexican cities. The quantitative analysis of the data confirms the extensive use of ocupar as necesitar, although to varying extents; concretely, it was found to be most frequent in Monterrey. In qualitative terms, I demonstrate that ocupar as necesitar is more often used to express need (i.e., with a nominal complement) than modal necessity (i.e., as a semiauxiliary with a sentential complement). Lastly, I propose that the emergence of this meaning represents a case of ongoing grammaticalization, whose origin can be traced back to older meanings via semantic reanalysis
Rare Case of a Doubly Complicated Clavicle Fracture in a Cyclist
Authors: Salah Rhita , El Ghoul Naoufal , El Mokhtari Kamal , Bennis Azzelarab , Zaddoug Omar , Benchakroun Mohamed , Zine Ali , Tanane Mansour , Bouabid Salim
Published: December 2022

Fractures of the clavicle represent 2.6 to 5% of all fractures. Respiratory and vascular-nerve complications of isolated clavicle fractures are rare. We report the case of a 29-year-old cyclist who presented a fracture of the right clavicle following a sport accident, complicated by both pneumothorax and deep vein thrombosis of axillary vein. Patient underwent thoracic drainage and curative anticoagulation followed by internal osteosynthesis of the clavicle as soon as he was stabilized on respiratory level. At the last check-up, the clavicle healed and no recurrence of pneumothorax nor deep vein thrombosis was noted.
The application of the Wilson plot method to convective heat transfer - discussion
Authors:   Rzeszow University of Technology, Tychanicz-Kwiecień Maria
Published: December 2022

The paper discusses and presents the application of the Wilson plot method to the variety of issues related to convective heat transfer. The Wilson plot is a remarkable calculation procedure, which enables the analysis and estimation of convection heat transfer coefficient on the basis of experimental measurements of heat exchanger thermal and flow parameters and the evaluation of corresponding correlation equations. The main facility of the Wilson method is that the heat transfer coefficient can be obtained without the requirement of determining the surface temperature. Much attention was paid to clarify the concept of the standard, original Wilson method as well as its modified versions. The issue was presented in the form of the latest literature review, which featured the investigation of convection coefficients obtained by the Wilson method in the following cases: the flow of nanofluids, refrigerants and other working media in conventional and mini/micro channels and micro-tubes as well as heat transfer under boiling/condensation conditions. The validity of the method utilization has been presented and its future prospects have been specified
Comparative Knockdown Efficacy of Locally Made Insecticide ‘Ota Pia-Pia’ and Commercially Available ‘Sniper’ Against Malaria Vectors Using Deltametrin as the Control Standard in Keffi Local Government Area, Nasarawa, Nigeria
Authors: Safiya I. O. , Olayinka M. D. , Umbugala T. A. , Eke S. S. , Ombugadu R. J. , Abdullahi M. M. , Tongjura J. D. C.
Published: December 2022

Mosquitoes are vectors of the major diseases of public health concern in the World. These include malaria, dengue fever, lymphatic filariasis, yellow fever, chikwungunya and recently zika virus causing morbidity and mortality in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. The success of malarial vector control depends on the susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to insecticides. One locally made insecticide (Ota Pia-Pia), and synthetic insecticides Sniper and while Deltamethrin were used as a go standard from WHOPES as the control for the two insecticide to conduct Bioassay test against Anopheles mosquitoes in Keffi Local Government Area, Nasarawa the aim is to compare state of knockdown effects. The test papers included Ota pia-pia impregnated with (0.05%, 0.5% and 1.0%), sniper (0.05%, 0.5% and 1.0%), Deltamethrin (0.05%) as control for the insecticides and a general control using untreated paper impregnated with 0.05% of olive oil. Anopheles mosquito larvae were collected from three locations in Keffi Local Government Area and were returned in plastic bowls to the insectary laboratory of the Department of Zoology, Nasarawa State University, Keffi and reared to adults. One hundred (100) female Anopheles mosquitoes were fed with glucose for 3 – 5 days used in the Bioassay per treatment and replicated four times. The post-exposure one hour knockdown and 24hours mortality was assessed. It was observed that at 1%, 0.5% and 0.05% concentrations in sniper had the highest knockdown effect, 96%, 90% and 88% respectively while Deltamethrin had the least knockdown effect of 25%, 28% and 29% in August, September and October respectively. The results indicated that the mosquito populations in the locality were more resistant to Deltamethrin than sniper. A regular monitoring of resistance status is essential to help control mosquitoes in our communities.
Universe before Big Bang
Authors: Bhattacharjee Deep
Published: December 2022

The ghost condensation of the early universe in a pre-big bang phase has been presented in this paper through duration of a non-singular bounce. The undergoing universe contracts and passes smoothly in an expanding universe via a post-big bang phase. Initially developing and then taming any ghost like instabilities, the Null Energy Condition (NEC) is explicitly violated through the curvature mechanism of an adiabatic perturbed metric. The vacuum state of the ongoing phase is stabilized via a Lagrangian that in essence stabilizes the vacuum state under the higher order derivatives. The violation of the NEC regards a catastrophic vacuum instability, which re-emerges with a correction valid at small energies and momenta, below the UV-cut-off scale that, could potentially be problematic if one tries to construct a UV-completed theory of this Ekpyrotic model. The scale-invariant curvature perturbation, that arises and is sourced out of the scale-invariant entropy perturbations sourced by 2-Ekpyrotic scalar fields, that, in contrast, becomes constant on the super-horizon limits, due to the non-singular nature of the background geometry. Apart, from the ghost condensates, this theory addresses the new Ekpyrotic theory which in order becomes a distinguishable alternative to inflation theory for the birth of the universe. As per the recent WMAP data, the Ekpyrotic model has a spectral red tilt that shows the bounced scalar potential falling through a negative phase shift during the matter-fluid fluctuations in the hot big bang phase.
Policy Initiatives for Improving Competencies of Agricultural Extension Graduates for Promotion of Agricultural Innovations
Authors: Shivamurthy M. , Madhushree A.
Published: December 2022

Agricultural education and training systems still have some refinement to dofor producing workforce-ready graduates. Even after continuous upgrading once in five years through Deans committee recommendations the existing curricula in Agricultural Universities are getting lots of criticism and still there is a mismatch to meet the demands of the needs of both modern industry employers and those of farmers. To address this lacuna, the present study was conducted in Kolar, Tumkur and Chikkaballapur districts of Karnataka state to identify possible areas according to agricultural extension professionals on the areas training is needed by field agricultural extension for effective promotion of agricultural innovations. A large group of agricultural extension professionals felt that, effective training should be given on techniques to develop long-term extension program plans, establish programming priorities and techniques of in need or problem assessment. Lack of required number of technical and non-technical staff at the field level, political interference and promotion of politically motivated popular subsidy schemes were major hurdles faced by the field extension professionals. The field level extension professionals opined that, more emphasis has to be given to techniques to use formal information gathering, digital communication skills in extension and techniques of evaluation of extension programs on an annual basis.
Antinutrient Contents of Fermented and Extruded Unripe Plantain and Pigeon Pea Blends
Authors: Similoluwa Orekoya, Elias , Okhonlaye Ojokoh Anthony , Openla Arogunjo Ayodele , Moses Akinwunmi Iseoluwa , Benjamin Ajayi-Moses Oluwatayo , Oladimeji Gabriel Paul , Olaseni Aribisala Jamiu
Published: December 2022

The study investigated effects of fermentation and extrusion on the antinutrient composition of unripe plantain and pigeon pea blends. The blended samples were prepared in three combinations (A=100g unripe plantain; B= 70g unripe plantain: 30g pigeon pea; C= 50g unripe plantain: 50g pigeon pea) and separated into four batches (i.e. first batch = preconditioned and fermented; second batch = extruded; third batch = fermented and extruded; and fourth batch = unfermented/unextruded). The blended samples were fermented semi-solid state fermentation. The anti-nutrient content of fermented and extruded blends decreased significantly (P<0.05) when compared to the raw blends. Hence, it can be concluded based from the available information from this study that fermentation and extrusion decreased the antinutrient composition of unripe plantain and pigeon pea blends.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 8 February 1886.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 8 March 1886.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 12 April 1886.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 10 May 1886.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 14 June 1886.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Front matter for Volume 20

Table of contents 

List of illustrations

Office-bearers 1885-6

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 

List of the Fellows November 1886

List of Honorary members November 1886

List of the Lady Associates November 1886
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 14 March 1887.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 11 April 1887.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

At the Anniversary meeting, new Fellows were elected and obituaries were read for some notable Fellows who died during the previous year. The Secretary then preesnted the Annual report on the number of visitors and donations to the Society's museum. 

 

Meeting notes for 12 December, 1887 are appended.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 13 February 1888.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 27 February 1888.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 9 April 1888.
Safe-Conduct for an Officer of a Scottish Regiment serving in the Low Countries, 1639
Authors: Peacock Edward
Published: December 2022

A transcription of a document offering safe conduct for a Scottish regiment in the Low Countries.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Front matter for Volume 22

Table of contents 

List of illustrations

Office-bearers 1887-8

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 

List of the Fellows November 1888

List of Honorary members November 1888

List of the Lady Associates November 1888
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 8 April 1889.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 14 January 1889.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 13 January 1890.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 10 February 1890.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 10 March 1890.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 14 April 1890.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 12 May 1890.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 9 March 1891.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 13 April 1891.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 11 May 1891.
The Origin and Relations of the Royal Artillery and the Royal Navy of Scotland
Authors: Mackay Æneas J G
Published: December 2022

[The journal notes that this paper will be printed in the Exchequer Rolls of Scotland.]
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Front matter for Volume 25

Table of contents 

List of illustrations

Office-bearers 1890-1

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

List of the Fellows November 1891

List of Honorary members November 1891

List of the Lady Associates November 1891
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 11 April 1892.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 9 May 1892.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 10 April 1893.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Front matter for Volume 27

Table of contents 

List of illustrations

Office-bearers 1892-3

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

List of the Fellows November 1893

List of Honorary members November 1893

List of the Lady Associates November 1893
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

New Fellows were elected at the Anniversary meeting, before a list of Fellows who died during the previous session was read. The Annual Report on the numbers of visitors, purchases and donations to the Society's museum and Library was presented.

 

Meeting notes for 11 December, 1893 are appended.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 12 February 1894.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 12 March 1894.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 9 April 1894.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 8 February 1897.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 8 March 1897.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Front matter for Volume 31

Table of contents 

List of illustrations

Office-bearers 1896-7

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

List of the Fellows November 1897

List of Honorary members November 1897

List of the Lady Associates November 1897

List of Societies, Institutions, &c., Exchanging publications
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Front matter for Volume 32

Table of contents 

List of illustrations

Office-bearers 1897-8

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

List of the Fellows November 1898

List of Honorary members November 1898

List of the Lady Associates November 1898

List of Societies, Institutions, &c., Exchanging publications
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 11 December 1899.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 12 March 1900.

 

[The journal notes that the printing of the 'Account of the excavation of the Roman site of Camelon, near Falkirk, undertaken by the Society 1899-1900' has been postponed.]
Anglo-Saxon Burhs and Early Norman Castles
Authors: Armitage Ella Sophia
Published: December 2022

In this paper, Ella Sophia Armitage contests G T Clark’s argument that a burh was a moated hillock, which marked the centre of a private estate in Saxon times. Armitage examines philological evidence, Anglo-Saxon literature, and thirty burhs constructed by Edward the Elder or his sister Ethelflaed to illustrate burhs were walled towns where people lived their daily lives. Subsequently, Armitage demonstrates burhs were different to mottes, which were built by the Normans in England, Wales, Ireland, and Normandy. Appendix A and B at the end provide further details on the castles mentioned.
Report on events of last session
Authors: Christison David
Published: December 2022

Dr Christison, the Society's Secretary, gave a report on the events of the last session. The report begins by outlining a disagreement the Society had with the British Museum over who had the better claim to the Glenlyon brooch, which ultimately resulted in a replica of the brooch being donated ti the Society while the original remained in the British museum. A series of recommendations were drafted to prevent a similar situation in future, and although these recommendations had no legislative power, the Secretary felt confident that they would be followed regardless. The fund used to purchase items for the Society's museum and library was also discussed in the report. To conclude, the Secretary outlined the excavations that took place during the previous year.

 

The Treasurer then delivered the Annual report on the number of visitors to the Society's museum and the number of donations and purcahses added to the museum and library.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

At the Anniversary Meeting the usual Society business was concluded including a report on the visitors to the Society's museum and how the collections expanded over the year. It was noted that the Society had lost an unusually high number of Fellows during this session. An obituary for Mr Robert Carfrae, one of the Curators, was read.

Following the death of several of the Society’s Honorary Members, six men were elected to replace them. Two Lady Associates were also elected, to replace the tow Lady Associates that died in this year. This marks the death of the first Lady Associate, Lady Alicia Ann Scott of Spottiswood, and the election of the last Lady Associate, Dr M A Murray (listed as Miss M A Murray).

 

Meeting notes for 10 December, 1900 are appended.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 13 January 1902.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 9 March 1903.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 11 May 1903.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 11 April 1904.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 9 May 1904.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: December 2022

Meeting notes for 11 January 1904.