bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Working memory performance in children with and without specific language impairment in two nonmainstream dialects of English
Authors: MCDONALD JANET L. , SEIDEL CHRISTY M. , HAMMARLUND REBECCA , OETTING JANNA B.
Published: November 2017

Using speakers of either African American English or Southern White English, we asked whether a working memory measure was linguistically unbiased, that is, equally able to distinguish between children with and without specific language impairment (SLI) across dialects, with similar error profiles and similar correlations to standardized test scores. We also examined whether the measure was affected by a child's nonmainstream dialect density. Fifty-three kindergarteners with SLI and 53 typically developing controls (70 African American English, 36 Southern White English) were given a size judgment working memory task, which involved reordering items by physical size before recall, as well as tests of syntax, vocabulary, intelligence, and nonmainstream density. Across dialects, children with SLI earned significantly poorer span scores than controls, and made more nonlist errors. Span and standardized language test performance were correlated; however, they were also both correlated with nonmainstream density. After partialing out density, span continued to differentiate the groups and correlate with syntax measures in both dialects. Thus, working memory performance can distinguish between children with and without SLI and is equally related to syntactic abilities across dialects. However, the correlation between span and nonmainstream dialect density indicates that processing-based verbal working memory tasks may not be as free from linguistic bias as often thought. Additional studies are needed to further explore this relationship.
THE DEADLY EMBRACE BETWEEN THE BANKS AND THE STATE IN SPAIN, 1850-2015
Authors: Comín Francisco , Cuevas Joaquim
Published: November 2017

This paper focusses on the financial relations between the banking sector and the Treasury in Modern Spain. Tax systems have been insufficient, generating a chronic budget deficit. This drove to irresponsible public debt management, being the State a serial defaulter until 1987. This prevented the budget deficits could be financed by sovereign debt issued on the stock exchanges, and forced the state to resort to banks (public and private). The new series of public debt banks portfolios evolution is explained by their pursuit of returns and by changes in banking regulation and financial repression, which favoured the bankingstatus quo. The paper analyses the causes of banking regulation, derived from the public borrowing policy and also from the banking lobbying strategy. It examines the consequences of the deadly banking-state embrace which brought about the interconnection between fiscal and banking crises.
HTA IN CENTRAL-EASTERN-SOUTHERN EUROPE: FINDING ITS WAY TO HEALTH POLICY
Authors: Zawada Anna , Mäkelä Marjukka
Published: November 2017

The number of publications on health technology assessment (HTA) from Central, Eastern, and Southern Europe (CESE countries) is still low compared with the north and west of Europe. It is not surprising, as the idea of HTA originated from high-income Western economies and was afterward adopted by the south-eastern part of Europe, which mostly consists of middle-income countries. These CESE countries, with less capacity and experience with HTA processes, must deal with even tougher decisions on financing health technologies than north-western Europe. There may even be a lack of confidence to open discussions on their specific needs for HTA.
Monitoring fruit-feeding butterfly assemblages in two vertical strata in seasonal Atlantic Forest: temporal species turnover is lower in the canopy
Authors: Santos Jessie Pereira dos , Iserhard Cristiano Agra , Carreira Junia Yasmin Oliveira , Freitas André Victor Lucci
Published: November 2017

To address how seasonality affects the richness and abundance of tropical insects, we compared the canopy and understorey communities of fruit-feeding butterflies in a seasonal Atlantic forest in south-eastern Brazil. Butterflies were sampled over 1 y using a standardized design with baited traps. A total of 2047 individuals in 69 species were recorded (1415 in the canopy, 632 in the understorey). Clear differences were found between canopy and understorey, with significantly higher butterfly abundances in the canopy. We observed two marked peaks of abundance and richness in both strata; one at the transition from dry to the wet seasons, and the other at the transition from wet to dry seasons. We found lower species turnover throughout the year in the canopy. We interpret this as evidence that temperature is more important than rainfall in explaining the yearly variation of abundance in vertical strata. The higher temperatures found in the canopy may allow butterflies to maintain activity in this stratum all year round, whereas the understorey is subject to colder temperatures, thus presenting a higher species turnover. These results improve our understanding of diversity gradients between evergreen and seasonal tropical forests, allowing insights into how climate and beta diversity gradients interact.
Soft Power Rich, Public Diplomacy Poor: An Assessment of Taiwan's External Communications
Authors: Rawnsley Gary
Published: November 2017

Accepting that Taiwan has accumulated “soft power” since the introduction of democratic reforms in the late 1980s, this paper assesses Taiwan's external communications during Ma Ying-jeou's presidency and how its soft power resources have been exercised. Demonstrating the strategic turn from political warfare to public and cultural diplomacy, the paper begins with the premise that the priority must be to increase familiarity with Taiwan among foreign publics. It then argues that any assessment of external communications in the Ma administration must consider the impact of two key decisions: first, the dissolution of the Government Information Office and the transfer of its responsibilities for international communications to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and a new Ministry of Culture, and second, the priority given to cultural themes in Taiwan's external communications.
A large outbreak of bovine botulism possibly linked to a massive contamination of grass silage by type D/CClostridium botulinumspores on a farm with dairy and poultry operations
Authors: RELUN A. , DORSO L. , DOUART A. , CHARTIER C. , GUATTEO R. , MAZUET C. , POPOFF M. R. , ASSIÉ S.
Published: November 2017

Type D bovine botulism outbreaks associated with poultry litter are increasingly reported in European countries, but the circumstances of exposure toClostridium botulinumtoxins remain unclear. In spring 2015, a large type D/C bovine botulism outbreak affected a farm with dairy and poultry operations. Epidemiological and laboratory investigations strongly suggest that the outbreak was caused by feeding cattle with insufficiently acidified grass silage that was contaminated by type D/CC. botulinumspores. The source of the spores remains unclear, but could have been a stack of poultry litter stored in the grass silage pasture before harvesting. The presence of putrefied poultry carcasses mixed in with the litter is relatively unlikely considering the careful daily removal of poultry carcasses. These findings reinforce the importance of proper ensiling of feed materials and highlight the need for safe disposal of poultry litter, even in the case of good management of poultry deadstock, in order to prevent bovine botulism.
EIGHT NEW RECORDS OF ZINGIBER MILL. (ZINGIBERACEAE) FOR THE FLORA OF LAO P.D.R.
Authors: Souvannakhoummane K. , Leong-Škorničková J.
Published: November 2017

Eight Zingiber species (Z. densissimum S.Q.Tong & Y.M.Xia, Z. kerrii Craib, Z. ligulatum Roxb., Z. nudicarpum D.Fang, Z. orbiculatum S.Q.Tong, Z. parishii Hook.f. subsp. phuphanense Triboun & K.Larsen, Z. recurvatum S.Q.Tong & Y.M.Xia and Z. smilesianum Craib) are newly recorded for the flora of Laos, raising the total number of species to 25. Colour illustrations, notes on their distribution, and citations of the specimens supporting the new records are given, as well as vernacular names and uses. An updated checklist of Zingiber in Laos, with an indication of the current sectional placement of each species, is presented.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Competency: Pilot Data from a Comparison of Multiple Perspectives
Authors: Rozek David C. , Serrano Jamie L. , Marriott Brigid R. , Scott Kelli S. , Hickman L. Brian , Brothers Brittany M. , Lewis Cara C. , Simons Anne D.
Published: November 2017

Background: Measurement of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) competency is often resource intensive. A popular emerging alternative to independent observers’ ratings is using other perspectives for rating competency. Aims: This pilot study compared ratings of CBT competency from four perspectives – patient, therapist, supervisor and independent observer using the Cognitive Therapy Scale (CTS). Method: Patients (n = 12, 75% female, mean age 30.5 years) and therapists (n = 5, female, mean age 26.6 years) completed the CTS after therapy sessions, and clinical supervisor and independent observers rated recordings of the same session. Results: Analyses of variance revealed that therapist average CTS competency ratings were not different from supervisor ratings, and supervisor ratings were not different from independent observer ratings; however, therapist ratings were higher than independent observer ratings and patient ratings were higher than all other raters. Conclusions: Raters differed in competency ratings. Implications for potential use and adaptation of CBT competency measurement methods to enhance training and implementation are discussed.
SUR L’ÉTUDE DE L’ENTROPIE DES APPLICATIONS MÉROMORPHES
Authors: de Thélin Henry
Published: November 2017

Nous construisons un espace adapté à l’étude de l’entropie des applications méromorphes en utilisant des limites projectives. Nous en déduisons un principe variationnel pour ces applications.
GENERALIZED THOM SPECTRA AND THEIR TOPOLOGICAL HOCHSCHILD HOMOLOGY
Authors: Basu Samik , Sagave Steffen , Schlichtkrull Christian
Published: November 2017

We develop a theory of$R$-module Thom spectra for a commutative symmetric ring spectrum$R$and we analyze their multiplicative properties. As an interesting source of examples, we show that$R$-algebra Thom spectra associated to the special unitary groups can be described in terms of quotient constructions on$R$. We apply the general theory to obtain a description of the$R$-based topological Hochschild homology associated to an$R$-algebra Thom spectrum.
BAFF is involved in macrophage-induced bortezomib resistance in myeloma
Authors: Chen Jing , He Donghua , Chen Qingxiao , Guo Xing , Yang Li , Lin Xuanru , Li Yi , Wu Wenjun , Yang Yang , He Jingsong , Zhang Enfan , Yi Qing , Cai Zhen
Published: November 2017

We aimed to characterize the role of B-cell activating factor (BAFF) in macrophage-mediated resistance of multiple myeloma (MM) cells to bortezomib (bort), and to further understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the process. First, we detected BAFF and its three receptors on myeloma cells and macrophages using the quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry. The secretion of BAFF was tested in patients with MM, MM cell lines, and macrophages. The ability of macrophages to protect MM cells from bort-induced apoptosis was significantly attenuated using BAFF-neutralizing antibody in the co-culture system or knocking down the expression of BAFF in macrophages with small interfering RNA. We also showed that the MM–macrophage interaction through BAFF and its receptors was primarily mediated by the activation of Src, Erk1/2, Akt, and nuclear factor kappa B signaling and the suppression of caspase activation induced by bort. Our data demonstrated that BAFF played a functional role in the macrophage-mediated resistance of MM cells to bort, suggesting that targeting BAFF may provide a basis for the molecular- and immune-targeted therapeutic approach.
Physical understanding of the tropical cyclone wind-pressure relationship
Authors: Chavas Daniel R. , Reed Kevin A. , Knaff John A.
Published: November 2017

The relationship between the two common measures of tropical cyclone intensity, the central pressure deficit and the peak near-surface wind speed, is a long-standing problem in tropical meteorology that has been approximated empirically yet lacks physical understanding. Here we provide theoretical grounding for this relationship. We first demonstrate that the central pressure deficit is highly predictable from the low-level wind field via gradient wind balance. We then show that this relationship reduces to a dependence on two velocity scales: the maximum azimuthal-mean azimuthal wind speed and half the product of the Coriolis parameter and outer storm size. This simple theory is found to hold across a hierarchy of models spanning reduced-complexity and Earth-like global simulations and observations. Thus, the central pressure deficit is an intensity measure that combines maximum wind speed, storm size, and background rotation rate. This work has significant implications for both fundamental understanding and risk analysis, including why the central pressure better explains historical economic damages than does maximum wind speed.
A mathematical model of the impact of insulin secretion dynamics on selective hepatic insulin resistance
Authors: Zhao Gang , Wirth Dagmar , Schmitz Ingo , Meyer-Hermann Michael
Published: November 2017

Physiological insulin secretion exhibits various temporal patterns, the dysregulation of which is involved in diabetes development. We analyzed the impact of first-phase and pulsatile insulin release on glucose and lipid control with various hepatic insulin signaling networks. The mathematical model suggests that atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) undergoes a bistable switch-on and switch-off, under the control of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2). The activation of IRS1 and IRS2 is temporally separated due to the inhibition of IRS1 by aPKC. The model further shows that the timing of aPKC switch-off is delayed by reduced first-phase insulin and reduced amplitude of insulin pulses. Based on these findings, we propose a sequential model of postprandial hepatic control of glucose and lipid by insulin, according to which delayed aPKC switch-off contributes to selective hepatic insulin resistance, which is a long-standing paradox in the field.
Paradoxes in leaky microbial trade
Authors: Kallus Yoav , Miller John H. , Libby Eric
Published: November 2017

Microbes produce metabolic resources that are important for cell growth yet leak into the environment. Other microbes can use these resources, adjust their own metabolic production accordingly, and alter the resources available for others. We analyze a model in which metabolite concentrations, production regulation, and population frequencies coevolve in the simple case of two cell types producing two metabolites. We identify three paradoxes where changes that should intuitively benefit a cell type actually harm it. For example, a cell type can become more efficient at producing a metabolite and its relative frequency can decrease—or alternatively the total population growth rate can decrease. Another paradox occurs when a cell type manipulates its counterpart’s production so as to maximize its own instantaneous growth rate, only to achieve a lower final growth rate than had it not manipulated. These paradoxes highlight the complex and counterintuitive dynamics that emerge in simple microbial economies.
A new antagonist for CCR4 attenuates allergic lung inflammation in a mouse model of asthma
Authors: Zhang Yang , Wu Yinfang , Qi Hui , Xiao Junhai , Gong Hongwei , Zhang Yan , Xu Enquan , Li Song , Ma Dalong , Wang Ying , Li Wen , Shen Huahao
Published: November 2017

CCR4 is highly expressed on Th2 cells. CCR4 ligands include CCL22 and CCL17. Chemokine-like factor 1 can also mediate chemotaxis via CCR4. We designed and synthetized novel CCR4 antagonists, which were piperazinyl pyridine derivatives, for disrupting the interaction between three ligands and CCR4. We also determined whether these novel CCR4 antagonists could alleviate allergic asthma in a mouse. For identifying the potent compounds invitro, we used chemotaxis inhibition and competition binding assays induced by CCL22, CCL17 and one of CKLF1’s C-terminal peptides, C27. We found compound 8a which showed excellent potency in blocking the interaction of CCR4 and its three ligands. For studying the specificity of compounds, we chose chemotaxis inhibition assays with different receptors and ligands. We found compound 8a had excellent receptor specificity and exerted few influence on the interaction of other receptors and their ligands. In the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, compound 8a had no obvious cytotoxicity till the higher concentration (16 μM). For determining the potency of compounds in blocking the interaction of CCR4 invivo, we used the ovalbumin induced allergic asthma model in mice. Our study demonstrated that CCR4 blockaded by compound 8a effectively attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness, airway eosinophilia and Th2 cytokines.
The study on the association between Beijing genotype family and drug susceptibility phenotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Beijing
Authors: Liu Yi , Jiang Xiaoying , Li Wensheng , Zhang Xuxia , Wang Wei , Li Chuanyou
Published: November 2017

The predominant prevalent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) lineage was the Beijing genotype family in Beijing. There has been no systematic study on the association between drug resistance and Beijing genotype. Here we collected 268 M. tb strains, analyzed the background information and the bacteriological characteristics. The mean age of the cases was 40.12 years; male patients were almost three times than female patients. After genotyping analyzation, 81.7% (219/268) strains were categorized as Beijing genotype; no significant difference was observed between Beijing and non-Beijing genotype in gender, age and treatment history. Drug susceptibility testing (DST) analyzation demonstrated that 172 (64.2%) strains were fully sensitive to all drugs (Isoniazid, Rifampin, Streptomycin, and Ethambutol), while 96 (35.8%) strains were resistant to at least one of the drugs. Beijing genotype strains exhibited a significantly higher clustering rate. However, no significant association relationship was observed between drug resistance and Beijing genotype family. The study provided insights into the genotype diversity and revealed that the frequencies of drug-resistance of Beijing genotype strains.It would be helpful for the establishment of the efficient tuberculosis (TB) prevention and control strategy in Beijing.
Cascading Failures in Interdependent Networks with Multiple Supply-Demand Links and Functionality Thresholds
Authors: Di Muro M. A. , Valdez L. D. , Aragão Rêgo H. H. , Buldyrev S. V. , Stanley H. E. , Braunstein L. A.
Published: November 2017

Various social, financial, biological and technological systems can be modeled by interdependent networks. It has been assumed that in order to remain functional, nodes in one network must receive the support from nodes belonging to different networks. So far these models have been limited to the case in which the failure propagates across networks only if the nodes lose all their supply nodes. In this paper we develop a more realistic model for two interdependent networks in which each node has its own supply threshold, i.e., they need the support of a minimum number of supply nodes to remain functional. In addition, we analyze different conditions of internal node failure due to disconnection from nodes within its own network. We show that several local internal failure conditions lead to similar nontrivial results. When there are no internal failures the model is equivalent to a bipartite system, which can be useful to model a financial market. We explore the rich behaviors of these models that include discontinuous and continuous phase transitions. Using the generating functions formalism, we analytically solve all the models in the limit of infinitely large networks and find an excellent agreement with the stochastic simulations.
Apolipoprotein M mediates sphingosine-1-phosphate efflux from erythrocytes
Authors: Christensen Pernille M. , Bosteen Markus H. , Hajny Stefan , Nielsen Lars B. , Christoffersen Christina
Published: November 2017

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid implicated in e.g. angiogenesis, lymphocyte trafficking, and endothelial barrier function. Erythrocytes are a main source of plasma S1P together with platelets and endothelial cells. Apolipoprotein M (apoM) in HDL carries 70% of plasma S1P, whereas 30% is carried by albumin. The current aim was to investigate the role of apoM in export of S1P from human erythrocytes. Erythrocytes exported S1P more efficiently to HDL than to albumin, particularly when apoM was present in HDL. In contrast, export of sphingosine to HDL was unaffected by the presence of apoM. The specific ability of apoM to promote export of S1P was independent of apoM being bound in HDL particles. Treatment with MK-571, an inhibitor of the ABCC1 transporter, effectively reduced export of S1P from human erythrocytes to apoM, whereas the export was unaffected by inhibitors of ABCB1 or ATPase. Thus, ABCC1 could be involved in export of S1P from erythrocytes to apoM.
Visible and UV photo-detection in ZnO nanostructured thin films via simple tuning of solution method
Authors: Khokhra Richa , Bharti Bandna , Lee Heung-No , Kumar Rajesh
Published: November 2017

This study demonstrates significant visible light photo-detection capability of pristine ZnO nanostructure thin films possessing substantially high percentage of oxygen vacancies $$({V}_{o}{\rm{s}})$$

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and zinc interstitials $$(Z{n}_{i}{\rm{s}})$$

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, introduced by simple tuning of economical solution method. The demonstrated visible light photo-detection capability, in addition to the inherent UV light detection ability of ZnO, shows great dependency of $${V}_{o}{\rm{s}}$$

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and $$Z{n}_{i}{\rm{s}}$$
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with the nanostructure morphology. The dependency was evaluated by analyzing the presence/percentage of $${V}_{o}{\rm{s}}$$

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and $$Z{n}_{i}{\rm{s}}$$
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using photoluminescence (PL) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. Morphologies of ZnO viz. nanoparticles (NPs), nanosheets (NSs) and nanoflowers (NFs), as a result of tuning of synthesis method contended different concentrations of defects, demonstrated different photo-detection capabilities in the form of a thin film photodetector. The photo-detection capability was investigated under different light excitations (UV; 380~420 nm, white ; λ > 420 nm and green; 490~570 nm). The as fabricated NSs photodetector possessing comparatively intermediate percentage of $${V}_{o}{\rm{s}}$$

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~ 47.7% and $$Z{n}_{i}{\rm{s}}$$
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~ 13.8% exhibited superior performance than that of NPs and NFs photodetectors, and ever reported photodetectors fabricated by using pristine ZnO nanostructures in thin film architecture. The adopted low cost and simplest approach makes the pristine ZnO-NSs applicable for wide-wavelength applications in optoelectronic devices.
Valproic Acid Sensitizes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to Proton Therapy by Suppressing NRF2 Activation
Authors: Yu Jeong Il , Choi Changhoon , Shin Sung-Won , Son Arang , Lee Ga-Haeng , Kim Shin-Yeong , Park Hee Chul
Published: November 2017

Although efficacy of combined histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors and conventional photon radiotherapy is being tested in clinical trials, their combined effect with proton beam radiotherapy has yet to be determined. Here, we compared combined effect of valproic acid (VPA), a class I and II HDAC inhibitor and antiepileptic drug with proton and photon irradiation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in vitro and in vivo. We found that VPA sensitized more Hep3B cells to proton than to photon irradiation. VPA prolonged proton-induced DNA damage and augmented proton-induced apoptosis. In addition, VPA further increased proton-induced production of intracellular reactive oxygen species and suppressed expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a key transcription factor regulating antioxidant response. Downregulation of NRF2 by siRNA transfection increased proton-induced apoptotic cell death, supporting NRF2 as a target of VPA in radiosensitization. In Hep3B tumor xenograft models, VPA significantly enhanced proton-induced tumor growth delay with increased apoptosis and decreased NRF2 expression in vivo. Collectively, our study highlights a proton radiosensitizing effect of VPA in HCC cells. As NRF2 is an emerging prognostic marker contributing to radioresistance in HCC, targeting NRF2 pathway may impact clinical outcome of proton beam radiotherapy.
Prediction of Visual Field Progression in Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma, Mainly Including Normal Tension Glaucoma
Authors: Nitta Koji , Wajima Ryotaro , Tachibana Gaku , Inoue Sachie , Ohigashi Tatsuya , Otsuka Naomi , Kurashima Hiroaki , Santo Kazunori , Hashimoto Masayo , Shibahara Hidetoshi , Hirukawa Mai , Sugiyama Kazuhisa
Published: November 2017

An objective method to predict individual visual field progression will contribute to realise personalised medication. The purpose of this study was to establish a predictive formula for glaucomatous visual field progression in patients with Primary open-angle glaucoma, mainly including normal tension glaucoma. This study was a large-scale, longitudinal and retrospective study including 498 eyes of 312 patients visiting from June 2009 to May 2015. In this analysis, 191 eyes of 191 patients meeting all eligible criteria were used. A predictive formula to calculate the rate of glaucomatous visual field progression (mean deviation slope) was obtained through multivariate linear regression analysis by adopting “Angle of Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Defect” at the baseline, “Vertical Cup-Disc ratio” at the baseline, “Presence or absence of Disc Haemorrhage” during the follow-up period, and “Mean IOP change (%)” during the follow-up period as predictors. Coefficient of determination of the formula was 0.20. The discriminative ability of the formula was evaluated as moderate performance using receiver operating characteristic analysis, and the area under the curve was approximately 0.75 at all cut-off values. Internal validity was confirmed by bootstrapping. The predictive formula established by this type of approach might be useful for personalised medication.
AAV-mediated transcription factor EB (TFEB) gene delivery ameliorates muscle pathology and function in the murine model of Pompe Disease
Authors: Gatto Francesca , Rossi Barbara , Tarallo Antonietta , Polishchuk Elena , Polishchuk Roman , Carrella Alessandra , Nusco Edoardo , Alvino Filomena Grazia , Iacobellis Francesca , De Leonibus Elvira , Auricchio Alberto , Diez-Roux Graciana , Ballabio Andrea , Parenti Giancarlo
Published: November 2017

Pompe disease (PD) is a metabolic myopathy due to acid alpha-glucosidase deficiency and characterized by extensive glycogen storage and impaired autophagy. We previously showed that modulation of autophagy and lysosomal exocytosis by overexpression of the transcription factor EB (TFEB) gene was effective in improving muscle pathology in PD mice injected intramuscularly with an AAV-TFEB vector. Here we have evaluated the effects of TFEB systemic delivery on muscle pathology and on functional performance, a primary measure of efficacy in a disorder like PD. We treated 1-month-old PD mice with an AAV2.9-MCK-TFEB vector. An animal cohort was analyzed at 3 months for muscle and heart pathology. A second cohort was followed at different timepoints for functional analysis. In muscles from TFEB-treated mice we observed reduced PAS staining and improved ultrastructure, with reduced number and increased translucency of lysosomes, while total glycogen content remained unchanged. We also observed statistically significant improvements in rotarod performance in treated animals compared to AAV2.9-MCK-eGFP-treated mice at 5 and 8 months. Cardiac echography showed significant reduction in left-ventricular diameters. These results show that TFEB overexpression and modulation of autophagy result in improvements of muscle pathology and of functional performance in the PD murine model, with delayed disease progression.
Action Categorization in Rhesus Monkeys: discrimination of grasping from non-grasping manual motor acts
Authors: Nelissen Koen , Vanduffel Wim
Published: November 2017

The ability to recognize others’ actions is an important aspect of social behavior. While neurophysiological and behavioral research in monkeys has offered a better understanding of how the primate brain processes this type of information, further insight with respect to the neural correlates of action recognition requires tasks that allow recording of brain activity or perturbing brain regions while monkeys simultaneously make behavioral judgements about certain aspects of observed actions. Here we investigated whether rhesus monkeys could actively discriminate videos showing grasping or non-grasping manual motor acts in a two-alternative categorization task. After monkeys became proficient in this task, we tested their ability to generalize to a number of untrained, novel videos depicting grasps or other manual motor acts. Monkeys generalized to a wide range of novel human or conspecific grasping and non-grasping motor acts. They failed, however, for videos showing unfamiliar actions such as a non-biological effector performing a grasp, or a human hand touching an object with the back of the hand. This study shows the feasibility of training monkeys to perform active judgements about certain aspects of observed actions, instrumental for causal investigations into the neural correlates of action recognition.
Brain activation induced by chronic psychosocial stress in mice
Authors: Laine Mikaela A , Sokolowska Ewa , Dudek Mateusz , Callan Saija-Anita , Hyytiä Petri , Hovatta Iiris
Published: November 2017

Chronic psychosocial stress is a well-established risk factor for neuropsychiatric diseases. Abnormalities in brain activity have been demonstrated in patients with stress-related disorders. Global brain activation patterns during chronic stress exposure are less well understood but may have strong modifying effects on specific brain circuits and thereby influence development of stress-related pathologies. We determined neural activation induced by chronic social defeat stress, a mouse model of psychosocial stress. To assess chronic activation with an unbiased brain-wide focus we used manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) and immunohistochemical staining of ∆FOSB, a transcription factor induced by repeated neural activity. One week after 10-day social defeat we observed significantly more activation in several brain regions known to regulate depressive and anxiety-like behaviour, including the prefrontal cortex, bed nucleus of stria terminalis, ventral hippocampus and periaqueductal grey in stressed compared to control mice. We further established that the correlation of ∆FOSB positive cells between specific brain regions was altered following chronic social defeat. Chronic activation of these neural circuits may relate to persistent brain activity changes occurring during chronic psychosocial stress exposure, with potential relevance for the development of anxiety and depression in humans.
Large area imaging of forensic evidence with MA-XRF
Authors: Langstraat Kirsten , Knijnenberg Alwin , Edelman Gerda , van de Merwe Linda , van Loon Annelies , Dik Joris , van Asten Arian
Published: November 2017

This study introduces the use of macroscopic X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) for the detection, classification and imaging of forensic traces over large object areas such as entire pieces of clothing and wall paneling. MA-XRF was sufficiently sensitive and selective to detect human biological traces like blood, semen, saliva, sweat and urine on fabric on the basis of Fe, Zn, K, Cl and Ca elemental signatures. With MA-XRF a new chemical contrast is introduced for human stain detection and this can provide a valuable alternative when the evidence item is challenging for conventional techniques. MA-XRF was also successfully employed for the chemical imaging and classification of gunshot residues (GSR). The full and non-invasive elemental mapping (Pb, Ba, Sr, K and Cl) of intact pieces of clothing allows for a detailed shooting incident reconstruction linking firearms and ammunition to point of impact and providing information on the shooting angle. In high resolution mode MA-XRF can even be used to provide information on the shooting order of different ammunition types. Finally, by using the surface penetration of X-rays we demonstrate that the lead signature of a bullet impact can be easily detected even if covered by multiple layers of wall paint or human blood.
Birth of an oceanic spreading center at a magma-poor rift system
Authors: Gillard Morgane , Sauter Daniel , Tugend Julie , Tomasi Simon , Epin Marie-Eva , Manatschal Gianreto
Published: November 2017

Oceanic crust is continuously created at mid-oceanic ridges and seafloor spreading represents one of the main processes of plate tectonics. However, if oceanic crust architecture, composition and formation at present-day oceanic ridges are largely described, the processes governing the birth of a spreading center remain enigmatic. Understanding the transition between inherited continental and new oceanic domains is a prerequisite to constrain one of the last major unsolved problems of plate tectonics, namely the formation of a stable divergent plate boundary. In this paper, we present newly released high-resolution seismic reflection profiles that image the complete transition from unambiguous continental to oceanic crusts in the Gulf of Guinea. Based on these high-resolution seismic sections we show that onset of oceanic seafloor spreading is associated with the formation of a hybrid crust in which thinned continental crust and/or exhumed mantle is sandwiched between magmatic intrusive and extrusive bodies. This crust results from a polyphase evolution showing a gradual transition from tectonic-driven to magmatic-driven processes. The results presented in this paper provide a characterization of the domain in which lithospheric breakup occurs and enable to define the processes controlling formation of a new plate boundary.
Ni-Catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of N-acylpyrrole-type amides with organoboron reagents
Authors: Huang Pei-Qiang , Chen Hang
Published: November 2017

We report the first Ni/bis-NHC-catalyzed cross-coupling of N-acylpyrrole-type amides with arylboronic esters to obtain diarylketones.
Morphology control of layered Bi11Fe2.8Co0.2Ti6O33 microcrystals: critical role of NaOH concentration and citric acid
Authors: Li Zhiang , Chen Tong , Chen Jifang , Sun Dejuan , Liu Liu , Liu Min , Lu Yalin
Published: November 2017

Morphology control of layered Bi11Fe2.8Co0.2Ti6O33 microcrystals: critical role of NaOH concentration and citric acid.
Plasmonic support-mediated activation of 1 nm platinum clusters for catalysis
Authors: Wieghold S. , Nienhaus L. , Knoller F. L. , Schweinberger F. F. , Shepherd J. J. , Lyding J. W. , Heiz U. , Gruebele M. , Esch F.
Published: November 2017

Nanometer-sized metal clusters are prime candidates for photoactivated catalysis, based on their unique tunable properties. Under visible light illumination, these non-plasmonic particles can get catalytically activated by coupling to a plasmonic substrate.
Development of the first model of a phosphorylated, ATP/Mg2+-containing B-Raf monomer by molecular dynamics simulations: a tool for structure-based design
Authors: Previtali Viola , Trujillo Cristina , Boisson Jean-Charles , Khartabil Hassan , Hénon Eric , Rozas Isabel
Published: November 2017

A model of phosphorylated and ATP-containing B-Raf protein kinase is needed as a tool for structure-based design of new allosteric inhibitors, since no crystal structure of such a system has been resolved.
Counterion effects on the ultrafast dynamics of charge-transfer-to-solvent electrons
Authors: Rivas N. , Moriena G. , Domenianni L. , Hodak J. H. , Marceca E.
Published: November 2017

We performed femtosecond transient absorption experiments to monitor the solvation dynamics of charge-transfer-to-solvent electrons originating from UV photoexcitation of ammoniated iodide in close proximity to the counterions.
Enhanced electrochemical water oxidation: the impact of nanoclusters and nanocavities
Authors: Zhang Xueqing , Cao Chonglong , Bieberle-Hütter Anja
Published: November 2017

Hematite surfaces with a nanocavity are more active for OER than surfaces with nanoclusters.
High CO2absorption capacity by chemisorption at cations and anions in choline-based ionic liquids
Authors: Bhattacharyya Shubhankar , Filippov Andrei , Shah Faiz Ullah
Published: November 2017

High CO2capture by mutual involvement of cations and anions of the IL [N1,1,6,2OH][4-Triz].
Correction: Selective photocatalysis of lignin-inspired chemicals by integrating hybrid nanocatalysis in microfluidic reactors
Authors: Colmenares Juan Carlos , Varma Rajender S. , Nair Vaishakh
Published: November 2017

Correction for ‘Selective photocatalysis of lignin-inspired chemicals by integrating hybrid nanocatalysis in microfluidic reactors’ by Juan Carlos Colmenares et al., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2017, DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00257b.
Coordinatively- and electronically-unsaturated square planar cobalt(iii) complexes of a pyridine dianionic pincer ligand
Authors: Hana Faidh , Lough Alan J. , Lavoie Gino G.
Published: November 2017

Coordinatively- and electronically-unsaturated cobalt(iii) complexes supported by a dianionic ligand were studied, resulting in the first structurally-characterized square-planar cobalt hydroxide complex.
Oral administration of lyophilizedDunaliella salina, a carotenoid-rich marine alga, reduces tumor progression in mammary cancer induced rats
Authors: Srinivasan Ramachandran , Chaitanyakumar Amballa , Mageswari Anbazhagan , Gomathi Ajitha , Pavan Kumar J. G. S. , Jayasindu Mathiyazhagan , Bharath Gunasekaran , Shravan Jagannathan Sampathkumar , Gothandam K. M.
Published: November 2017

Dose-dependent effect ofDunaliella salinaagainst breast cancer induced rats.
Modulation of cellular polarization and migration by ephrin/Eph signal-mediated boundary formation
Authors: Javaherian Sahar , D’Arcangelo Elisa , Slater Benjamin , Londono Camila , Xu Bin , McGuigan Alison P.
Published: November 2017

Compartment boundaries are essential for ensuring proper cell organization during embryo development and in adult tissues, yet the mechanisms underlying boundary establishment are not completely understood.
Light enhanced energy storage ability through a hybrid plasmonic Ag nanowire decorated hydroxide “skin structure”
Authors: Zhang Liuyang , Shi Diwen , Huang Tang Jiao , Huang Ruizhe , Gong Hao
Published: November 2017

Ag nanowire decoration for energy storage performance enhancement under light illumination.
Accelerating ion diffusion with unique three-dimensionally interconnected nanopores for self-membrane high-performance pseudocapacitors
Authors: Gao Yuan , Lin Yuanjing , Peng Zehua , Zhou Qingfeng , Fan Zhiyong
Published: November 2017

Three-dimensional interconnected nanoporous structure (3-D INPOS) possesses high aspect ratio, large surface area, as well as good structural stability. Profiting from its unique interconnected architecture, the 3-D INPOS pseudocapacitor achieves a largely enhanced capacitance and rate capability.
Colloidal inks from bumpy colloidal nanoparticles for the assembly of ultrasmooth and uniform structural colors
Authors: Ge Dengteng , Yang Xiaoming , Chen Ze , Yang Lili , Wu Gaoxiang , Xia Yu , Yang Shu
Published: November 2017

Colloidal inks from polypyrrole@silica nanoparticles with 10–30 nm nanogranules can be directly written or stacked with ultrasmooth and uniform structural colors.
Cell-permeable bicyclic peptidyl inhibitors against T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase from a combinatorial library
Authors: Liao Hui , Pei Dehua
Published: November 2017

Cell-permeable, biologically active bicyclic peptidyl inhibitors against T-cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase were directly isolated from a combinatorial library.
Correction: Negative stiffness and modulated states in active nematics
Authors: Srivastava Pragya , Mishra Prashant , Marchetti M. Cristina
Published: November 2017

Correction for ‘Negative stiffness and modulated states in active nematics’ by Pragya Srivastava et al., Soft Matter, 2016, 12, 8214–8225.
With Some Help From Others' Hands: Iconic Gesture Helps Semantic Learning in Children With Specific Language Impairment
Authors: Vogt Susanne S. , Kauschke Christina
Published: November 2017

Purpose

Semantic learning under 2 co-speech gesture conditions was investigated in children with specific language impairment (SLI) and typically developing (TD) children. Learning was analyzed between conditions.

Method

Twenty children with SLI (aged 4 years), 20 TD children matched for age, and 20 TD children matched for language scores were taught rare nouns and verbs. Children heard the target words while seeing either iconic gestures illustrating a property of the referent or a control gesture focusing children's attention on the word. Following training, children were asked to define the words' meaning. Responses were coded for semantic information provided on each word.

Results

Performance of the SLI and age-matched groups proved superior to that of the language-matched group. Overall, children defined more words taught with iconic gestures than words taught with attention-getting gestures. However, only children with SLI, but not TD children, provided more semantic information on each word taught with iconic gestures. Performance did not differ in terms of word class.

Conclusions

Results suggest that iconic co-speech gestures help both children with and without SLI learn new words but, in particular, assist children with SLI understand and reflect the words' meaning.
Insulated power supply for gate drivers up to 40 kV for medium‐voltage direct current applications
Authors: Sarrazin Benoit , Hanna Rachelle , Lefranc Pierre , Am Sokchea , Dumas Florian , Lavieville Jean‐Paul
Published: November 2017

The proposed study is about the design and experimental results of a power supply for gate drivers that can sustain 40 kV of insulation voltage with a parasitic capacitance of 4 pF. The first section focuses on insulation materials suitable for medium voltage capabilities and therefore to justify the use of polyesterimide and Teflon polytetrafluoroethylene materials. In a second step, experimental results are provided to guaranty that with a thickness of 1 mm of the insulation material, an insulation voltage of 40 kV is provided. Then, a DC–DC converter based on a series‐series topology is designed and lead to a physical prototype of 5 W. The measured parasitic capacitance is 4 pF between the primary and the secondary sides.
Radio location of partial discharge sources: a support vector regression approach
Authors: Iorkyase Ephraim T. , Tachtatzis Christos , Lazaridis Pavlos , Glover Ian A. , Atkinson Robert C.
Published: November 2017

Partial discharge (PD) can provide a useful forewarning of asset failure in electricity substations. A significant proportion of assets are susceptible to PD due to incipient weakness in their dielectrics. This study examines a low cost approach for uninterrupted monitoring of PD using a network of inexpensive radio sensors to sample the spatial patterns of PD received signal strength. Machine learning techniques are proposed for localisation of PD sources. Specifically, two models based on support vector machines are developed: support vector regression (SVR) and least‐squares support vector regression (LSSVR). These models construct an explicit regression surface in a high‐dimensional feature space for function estimation. Their performance is compared with that of artificial neural network (ANN) models. The results show that both SVR and LSSVR methods are superior to ANNs in accuracy. LSSVR approach is particularly recommended as practical alternative for PD source localisation due to its low complexity.
Implementation of real-time probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) for differentiation of colorectal polyps during routine colonoscopy
Authors: Belderbos Tim , van Oijen Martijn , Moons Leon , Siersema Peter
Published: November 2017

Background and aims Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) is used to differentiate between neoplastic and non-neoplastic colorectal polyps during colonoscopy. We aimed to assess the accuracy of two endoscopists starting to use real-time pCLE for differentiation of colorectal polyps and to determine the negative predictive value (NPV) for neoplasia in polyps ≤ 5 mm.

Methods Patients undergoing colonoscopy in a tertiary hospital were included in this prospective trial. After a training session, two colonoscopists assessed 50 polyps between August 2012 and April 2014. They sequentially used narrow-band imaging (NBI) and real-time pCLE to differentiate non-adenomatous, adenomatous, and carcinomatous polyps during colonoscopy. Histologic diagnosis by a gastrointestinal pathologist was the gold standard. Results were compared to post-hoc pCLE by a panel of gastroenterologists and pathologists.

Results The accuracy of real-time pCLE was 76 %, compared to 73 % for NBI, and was not significantly different between the first 50 cases (74 %) and the last 50 cases (78 %, P = 0.64). The accuracy in polyps > 5 mm was 87 % versus 59 % in polyps ≤ 5 mm (P = 0.04) and increased from 45 % (13/29) in poor quality images to 86 % (44/51) in fair quality images and 95 % (19/20) in good quality images (P < 0.01). The post-hoc pCLE accuracy was 62 %. The NPV for polyps ≤ 5 mm was 58 % for real-time pCLE and 54 % for post-hoc pCLE.

Conclusion Although a fair accuracy of real-time pCLE for differentiation of colorectal polyps can be achieved within 50 cases, low NPV and difficulty in obtaining high-quality pCLE images hamper implementation in routine clinical practice.
Die Rolle der optimalen Belastung
Authors: Couppé Christian , Visnes Håvard , Magnusson Peter
Published: November 2017

CHRONISCHE ENTZÜNDUNG DER ACHILLES- UND PATELLASEHNE Lange Zeit schien
festzustehen, dass Übungsprogramme mit isolierter exzentrischer Belastung bei
Tendinopathien zu guten klinischen Ergebnissen führen. Dieses Paradigma steht
inzwischen jedoch in Frage: Aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse zu morphologischen und
pathologischen Eigenschaften von Sehnen weisen darauf hin, dass exzentrisches
Training womöglich nicht immer der alleinige Heilsbringer ist.