bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conjugate Heat Transfer Characteristics in a Highly Thermally Loaded Film Cooling Configuration with TBC in Syngas
Authors: Ren Jing , Li Xueying , Jiang Hongde
Published: November 2018

The future power equipment tends to take hydrogen or middle/low heat-value syngas as fuel for low emission. The heat transfer of film cooled turbine blade shall be influenced more by radiation. Its characteristic of conjugate heat transfer is studied experimentally and numerically in the paper by considering radiation heat transfer, multi-composition gas and TBC. The Weighted Sum of Gray Gases spectral model and Discrete Transfer Model are utilized to solve the radiative heat transfer in the multi-composition field, while validated against the experimental data for the studied cases. It is shown that the plate temperature increases significantly when considering the radiation and the temperature gradient of the film cooled plate becomes larger. It is also shown that increasing percentage of steam in gas composition results in increased temperature on the film-cooled plate. The normalized temperature of the film-cooled plate decreases about 0.02, as the total percentage of steam in hot gas increases per 7%. As for the TBC effect, it can smooth out the the temperature distribution and insulate the heat to a greater extent when the radiative heat transfer becomes significant.
3D Scattering Imaging of Multiscale Geological Media on the Base of Revised Version of Exploding Reflectors
Authors: Landa Evgeny , Reshetova Galina , Tcheverda Vladimir
Published: November 2018

Computation of Common Middle Point seismic sections and their subsequent time migration and diffraction imaging provides very important knowledge about the internal structure of 3D heterogeneous geological media and are key elements for successive geological interpretation. Full-scale numerical simulation, that computes all single shot seismograms, provides a full understanding of how the features of the image reflect the properties of the subsurface prototype. Unfortunately, this kind of simulations of 3D seismic surveys for realistic geological media needs huge computer resources, especially for simulation of seismic waves’ propagation through multiscale media like cavernous fractured reservoirs. In order to significantly reduce the query of computer resources we propose to model these 3D seismic cubes directly rather than the shot-by-shot simulation with subsequent CMP stacking. To do that we modify the well known "exploding reflectors principle" for 3D heterogeneous multiscale media by use of the finite-difference technique on the base of grids locally refined in time and space. To be able to simulate realistic models and acquisition we develop scalable parallel software, which needs reasonable computational costs.

Numerical results for simulation of Common Middle Points sections and their time migration are presented and discussed.
Awareness, Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Safety Occupants at Residential Houses in Libya
Authors: Mkharem Mufida , Adam Nor Mariah , Supeni Eris Elianddy
Published: November 2018

Fire accidents are common accidents amongst residential house occupants in Libya. Some of the factors that can mitigate fire accidents in Libyan residential houses include fire safety awareness and knowledge. This study investigated the level of awareness and knowledge of fire safety amongst residential house occupants in Libya. The possibility and consequences of fire hazards and risk existing in residential houses in Libya were also studied. Experimental data obtained for 1.5 m/s and 3.5 m/s as walking and running evacuation time, respectively amongst residential house occupants in Libya were also compared. The sample consist of 90 respondents with instruments of fire safety awareness and knowledge, fire hazard and consequences, and the involvement of residential house occupants in fire emergency. Statistical analysis was performed at p < 0.05 to determine the levels of residential awareness and knowledge regarding fire safety and the hazard and consequences. The findings illustrated that the items were highly reliable (α > 0.7) and normally distributed. Also, the results illustrated that the majority of residential house occupants in Libya have fair level of fire safety awareness and knowledge with overall percentage of 80% and 90%, respectively. On the other hand, the results further showed that majority of residential house occupants have good level of fire emergency involvement with 90%. This paper proposes a fire safety assessment method which may form the basis of future fire safety practice in Libya.
Trade Effects Based on Trade Equilibrium
Authors: Guo Baoping
Published: November 2018

The Rybczynski theorem describes the relationship between commodities and factor supplies, holding output price. By releasing holding commodity price, this paper introduces the trade effects of changes of factor endowments both on factor price and on commodity price. This is a study based on trade equilibrium. Technically, the study shows that change of factor endowments lead to a chain effect that Rybczynski’s trade effect triggers the Stolper-Samuelson’s trade effect. The analysis of this paper shows that economic activities, such as the change of factor endowments of any factor of any country reward another factor domestically and internationally. This is a tuneful circle. Trade brings a well-balanced development to the world.
Modeling the Strategies for Improved Efficacy and Crosslink Depth of Photo-Initiated Polymerization and Phototherapy
Authors: Lin Jui-Teng , Liu Hsia-Wei , Chen Kuo-Ti , Cheng Da-Chuan
Published: November 2018

Optimal conditions for maximum efficacy of photoinitiated polymerization are theoretically presented. Analytic formulas are shown for the crosslink time, crosslink depth and efficacy function. The roles of photoinitiator (PI) concentration, diffusion depth and light intensity on the polymerization spatial and temporal profiles, for both uniform and non-uniform cases, are presented. For optimal efficacy, a strategy via controlled PI concentration is proposed, where re-supply of PI in high light intensity may achieve a combined-efficacy similar to low light intensity, but has a much faster procedure. A new criterion of efficacy based on the polymerization (crosslink) [strength] and [depth] is introduced. Experimental data are analyzed for the role of PI concentration and light intensity on the gelation time and efficacy.
Food Parenting Practices Among Parents with Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review
Authors: Patel Chloe , Karasouli Eleni , Shuttlewood Emma , Meyer Caroline
Published: November 2018

Abstract: Given the links between parental obesity and eating psychopathology in their children, it is important to understand the mechanisms via which unhealthy relationships with eating are passed from parents to children. The aim was to review research focusing on food-related parenting practices (FPPs) used by parents with overweight/obesity. Web of Science, PubMed and PsycINFO were searched. Twenty studies were included in the review. Single studies suggest differences between parents with healthy-weight vs overweight/obesity with respect to; food accessibility, food availability and modelling. Multiple studies suggest that several parenting strategies do not differ according to parental weight status (child involvement, praise, use of food to control negative emotions, use of food-based threats and bribes, pressure, restriction, meal and snack routines, monitoring, and rules and limits). There was inconclusive evidence with respect to differences in parental control, encouragement and use of unstructured FPPs among parents with healthy-weight vs overweight/obesity. The findings of this review imply some differences between parents with overweight/obesity and healthy-weight and the use of some food-related parenting practices, however they should be interpreted with caution since research remains limited and is generally methodologically weak. The review highlights opportunities for further research and to improve current measures of FPPs and help clarify current study findings.
The Macroeconomic Effect of Disaster Shocks in MRS-DSGE Models
Authors: Zhang Shangfeng , Xu Siwa , Luo Xiaohui , Sun Yue , Yang Yinan , Xu Bing ,   College of Statistics and Mathematics, Zhejiang Gongshang University 18 Xuezheng Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China,   School of Public Administration, South China University of Technology 381 Wu Shan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
Published: November 2018

In this paper, a Markov transfer matrix is used to characterize exogenous sudden shocks, and a closed economic DSGE model including a financial accelerator is constructed to simulate the impact of sudden shocks on China’s macroeconomic performance. The study found that: (1) Sudden impacts reduce output, investment, consumption, capital, technology, and enterprise value, but improve labor, inflation, and risk premium, thus weakening macroeconomic risk resilience. (2) The impact of sudden shocks on macroeconomic variables, from large to small, is net worth, technical level, labor, inflation, investment, capital, output, and external premium. (3) It is appropriate for the government to adopt the principle of combining broad finance measures and tight currency controls in order to improve the risk resistance ability of macroeconomic operations.
Agent-Based Simulation of Financial Institution Investment Strategy Under Easing Monetary Policy for Operative Collapses
Authors: Kikuchi Takamasa , Kunigami Masaaki , Yamada Takashi , Takahashi Hiroshi , Terano Takao ,   Graduate School of Business Administration, Keio University 4-1-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8526, Japan,   Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan,   Yamaguchi University 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi City, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan
Published: November 2018

Europe and Japan have both adopted negative interest rate policies as part of their monetary easing measures. However, despite the benefits that are claimed to be associated with increased lending demand, significant concerns exist regarding an increased burden on private financial institutions as a result of the application to their excess reserves. In this paper, we focus on the risks associated with increased investment of surplus funds for the operation of financial institutions. We propose an agent-based model for interlocking specific bankruptcy based on changes in financial situations as a result of market price fluctuations involving assets held by financial institutions. To extend the proposed model to handle macro market shocks, we describe decision making regarding funds that are surplus to the operation of financial institutions. Additionally, we analyze the impact of price declines involving marketable assets on financial systems.
An Uncertain Supply Chain Problem with Sales Effort
Authors: Gao Lengceng ,   Department of Public Basic Courses, Nanjing Institute of Industry Technology 1 North Yangshan Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China, Shen Jiayu
Published: November 2018

This paper considers a two-echelon supply chain problem that includes a manufacturer and a retailer. The manufacturer plays a leading role in the supply chain and must make efforts to increase sales. Due to many uncertain factors in business, the market demand, manufacturing costs and retail operating costs are assumed to be uncertain variables. Expected and chance-constrained models are developed to address these uncertain variables. Stackelberg game is used to solve the proposed models. The equilibrium optimal wholesale price and unit margin are provided in order to determine the maximum profit. Finally, numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed models.
Data Mining for Discovering Effective Time-Series Transition of Learning Strategies on Mutual Viewing-Based Learning
Authors: Omae Yuto , Furuya Tatsuro , Mizukoshi Kazutaka , Oshima Takayuki , Sakakibara Norihisa , Mizuochi Yoshiaki , Yatsushiro Kazuhiro , Takahashi Hirotaka ,   National Institute of Technology, Tokyo College 1220-2 Kunugida, Hachioji, Tokyo 193-0942, Japan,   Yamanashi Municipal Tekisen Elementary School 1200 Kubodaira, Makioka, Yamanashi 404-0013, Japan,   Digital Alliance Co., Ltd. 2-12-1 Kitaguchi, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-0024, Japan,   Joetsu University of Education 1 Yamayashiki, Joetsu, Niigata, 943-8512, Japan,   Yamanashi Prefectural University 5-11-1 Iida, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-0035, Japan,   Nagaoka University of Technology 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
Published: November 2018

We aim to develop a real-time feedback system of learning strategies during lesson time to improve academic achievement. It has been known that mutual viewing-based learning is an effective educational method. However, even though mutual viewing is an effective lesson style, there are effective or ineffective learning strategies in the learners’ individual activities. In general, the method of evaluating learning strategies is a questionnaire survey. However, the questionnaire cannot measure the learning strategies in real time. Thus, it is difficult to detect the students who use ineffective learning strategies during lesson time in real time. Recently, a system that can measure the learning strategies in real time has been developed. Using this system, it is possible to detect students who use ineffective learning strategies during lesson time on the mutual viewing-based learning. From this point of view, we aim to develop a recommendation system for real-time learning strategies for teachers and students to achieve a highly educational effect. For this purpose, we must know the features of effective or ineffective learning strategies via a system that can measure learning strategies. In this paper, we report the discovery of features of effective or ineffective learning strategies based on the data-mining approach using thek-means method, transition diagram, and random forest. We classified the time-series learning strategies over 40 min into 216 strategies and surveyed the improvement probability of academic achievement via a random-forest-based classification model. By embedding our results into the system, we may be able to automatically detect students who use ineffective learning strategies and recommend effective learning strategies.
Rapid Feature Retrieval Method in Large-Scale Image Database
Authors: Gao Fei ,   School of Information Science and Technology, Tibet University 36 Jiangsu Road, Chengguan Qu, Lasa Shi, Xizang Zizhiqu, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China
Published: November 2018

The retrieval of features in a large-scale image database can improve the degree of visualization of images. The conventional method of feature-retrieval is a time-consuming process because it retrieves by searching the keywords. In this paper, a rapid feature retrieval method based on granular computing is proposed for use in a large-scale image database. In this method, we first collect and process the images from the database. Next, we construct a binary tree to realize the multi-class classification of the image features and complete the feature retrieval using support vector machines. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively retrieve the features in the large-scale image database. The effectiveness of retrieval can reach more than 95%.
Soft Fault Detection Algorithms for Multi-Parallel Data Streams Under the Cloud Computing
Authors: Meng Hongbing ,   College of Information Engineering, Tarim University
 Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
Published: November 2018

In the fault detection of multi-parallel data streams, the error probability of traditional methods is large, which cannot effectively meet the soft fault detection for multi-parallel data stream, causing the problem of low detection efficiency. A soft fault detection algorithm based on adaptive multi-parallel data stream is proposed. The soft fault feature in the data stream is extracted, and the adaptive soft fault detection algorithm is used to detect the fault of the multi-parallel data stream, which can overcome the disadvantages of traditional methods, effectively improve the efficiency, safety and the accuracy. Experimental results showed that the proposed method can effectively improve the efficiency of fault detection.
An analysis of a mean-variance enhanced index tracking problem with weights constraints
Authors: Lima de Paulo Wanderlei , Ines Velazco Fontova Marta , Canil de Souza Renato
Published: November 2018

In this paper, the authors deal with a mean-variance enhanced index tracking (EIT) problem with weights constraints. Using a shrinkage approach, they show that constructing the constrained EIT portfolio is equivalent to constructing the unconstrained EIT portfolio. This equivalence allows to study the effect of weights constraints on the covariance matrix and on the EIT portfolio. In general, the effects of weights constraints on the EIT portfolio are different from those observed in the case of global minimum variance portfolio. Finally, the authors present a numerical asset allocation example, where the S&P 500 index is used as the market index to be tracked using a portfolio composed of ten stocks, in which the constrained EIT portfolio shows a satisfactory performance when compared to the unconstrained case.
Chronic cerebrovascular diseases: pathogenetic heterogeneity and therapeutic strategies
Authors: Kostenko E. V. , Eneeva M. A.
Published: November 2018

The article presents a modern view of the pathogenic mechanisms of cerebrovascular diseases was Observed that currently available data indicate the existence of different variants of ischemic lesions of the brain and their clinical manifestations. Based on the available data and the results of our own studies, it is concluded that therapeutic strategies in patients with CVD should take into account the variety of clinical manifestations, the existence of various options for ischemic lesions of the brain substance, especially the course of the disease, heterogeneity of pathogenetic mechanisms and risk factors, as well as multi-morbidity of patients. Discusses the use of the drug Vazobral in CVD.
Diabetic neuropathy
Authors: Pizova N. V.
Published: November 2018

Diabetes mellitus is one of the emergency situations worldwide. DM is the most common cause of neuropathy throughout the world that create a wide range of conditions associated with the damage of various nerves and various pathological mechanisms. The article considers the main pathogenetic mechanisms of neuropathy - the role of metabolic, vascular and genetic factors. It presents the main clinical manifestations, depending on what type of nerve fibers are affected. A modern classification of diabetic neuropathy is provided. The most common form - diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy is considered in detail. The authors describe the main drugs used for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy, which were proposed by the International Diabetic Federation (2017) in 2017. Lipoic acid supplements are examined in more details.
Climate change effects on annual streamflow of Filyos River (Turkey)
Authors: Sönmez Adem Yavuz , Kale Semih
Published: November 2018

The main purpose of this study was to estimate possible climate change effects on the annual streamflow of Filyos River (Turkey). Data for annual streamflow and climatic parameters were obtained from streamflow gauging stations on the river and Bartın, Karabük, Zonguldak meteorological observation stations. Time series analysis was performed on 46 years of annual streamflow data and 57 years of annual mean climatic data from three monitoring stations to understand the trends. Pettitt change-point analysis was applied to determine the change time and trend analysis was performed to forecast trends. To reveal the relationship between climatic parameters and streamflow, correlation tests, namely, Spearman's rho and Kendall's tau were applied. The results of Pettitt change-point analysis pointed to 2000 as the change year for streamflow. Change years for temperature and precipitation were detected as 1997 and 2000, respectively. Trend analysis results indicated decreasing trends in the streamflow and precipitation, and increasing trend in temperature. These changes were found statistically significant for streamflow (p < 0.05) and temperature (p < 0.01). Also, a statistically significant (p < 0.05) correlation was found between streamflow and precipitation. In conclusion, decreasing precipitation and increasing temperature as a result of climate change initiated a decrease in the river streamflow.
Application of Philip infiltration model to film hole irrigation
Authors: Fan Yanwei , Gong Jiaguo , Wang Ying , Shao Xiaoxia , Zhao Tong
Published: November 2018

Numerical simulations were carried out with HYDRUS-2D to investigate the influence of soil texture, initial water content, film hole diameter and water depth on cumulative infiltration from a film hole. Soil texture, film hole diameter and water depth are the dominant influencing factors. Philip infiltration model was used to fit the simulated results of the dominant influencing factors. For the same soil, the sorptivity (s) is a power function relationship with film hole diameter, while the steady infiltration rate (a) is a power function relationship with film hole diameter and water depth. On that basis, the calculation formulas for predicting s and a were established, and a simplified film hole infiltration model including the film hole diameter and water depth was proposed. The effectiveness of the model was verified by laboratory experiments and literature data. The predicted values of the model were in good agreement with the experimental observations. The model parameters can be determined only by a set of film hole infiltration experiment, which simplifies the experimental design and can be used as a tool for irrigation engineers or farmers to estimate cumulative infiltration.
Determination of iodine in geothermal water samples – preliminary ICP-MS method validation results
Authors: Mika A. , Wątor K. , Kmiecik E. , Sekuła K.
Published: November 2018

Iodine is a microelement which occurs in natural water in different concentrations dependent on water type, origin and total dissolved solids concentration. The objects of research were natural geothermal water. In this paper, the fitness of the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method for iodine determination in water with higher temperatures was tested and selected methodological problems were discussed. Basic method parameters (precision, accuracy, linearity, uncertainty) were determined. Calculated statistical parameters of the validated method fulfil the assumed criteria. The received results (correlation coefficient equal to 0.999) show that the linearity of the ICP-MS method is good. The accuracy was expressed as recovery (R) and according to the literature is at an acceptable level. The results of precision assessments (RSD) also correspond to the literature data.
Lean menedzsment evolúciója és a szervezeti tanulás
Authors: Gurabi Attila , Mátrai Norbert
Published: November 2018

A lean szemlélet egyre nagyobb teret hódít az ipar, szolgáltató szektor és a közszféra területén. A lean transzformáció érettségi szintje és a felhalmozott tudás szempontjából a lean szemléletet alkalmazó szervezetek között jelentős különbség tapasztalható. A módszerek, technikák alkalmazási lehetőségei széles skálán mozognak, azonban miden szervezetben – függetlenül a működési szektortól és a lean érettség szintjétől – van két közös feltétel, amely alapvetően meghatározza a lean fejlődés sikerét: a lean szemléletű vezető és a tanuló szervezet. A lean szemléletű vezetés nem szektor vagy módszerfüggő, nem kell hozzá egy már felépült lean szervezet. A szervezet tulajdonságaira nagy hatással van a vezetés szemlélete, de kérdés, hogy a teljes átalakuláshoz elég-e a vezetői akarat. Célkitűzés maga a lean szervezet, vagy az, hogy miként reagál a szervezeti egység vagy az egész szervezet a környezet változásaira? A lean szemléletű vezetés magatartásformái és viselkedési elemei minden nap és mindenhol alkalmazhatóak és folyamatosan támogathatják azt a törekvésünket, hogy valódi lean szervezetet alakítsunk ki.
The concept of public works in India
Authors: Ratnesh Pandey
Published: November 2018

The objective of this paper is to understand the concept of public work in India. Nowadays we may approach a wide and broad understanding of public work on international level. One aspect is working for the government. Another one is associated with fighting unemployment and providing work possibility for the unemployed (by doing this decreasing poverty). It may also be understood as participated in governmental financed construction programmes and NREG is one such programme which helps to generate employment for the poor people in India. In this paper various aspects about public works in India are discussed.
Színkülönbség-érzékelő képesség mérése és fejlesztése középiskolás tanulók körében
Authors: Perge Erika
Published: November 2018

A “Színérzékelés” című foglalkozás a Debreceni Egyetem „Debrecen Venture Catapult"című EFOP-3.6.1-16-2016-00022 számú projektje keretében valósul meg. A foglalkozás célja a tanulók színérzékelési képességének, valamint a színekkel történő kommunikációs képességnek a fejlesztése. Programunkat a műszaki felsőoktatásban potenciálisan továbbtanuló középiskolások számára ajánljuk. Ebben a cikkben bemutatásra kerül a középiskolát végzett tanulók világosságkülönbség-érzékelő képességének és a telítettségkülönbség-érzékelő képességének mérési eredménye, valamint a kutatás részét képező, a képességfejlesztéshez kidolgozott eszközök és azok alkalmazási módjai.
Measurement Instrument and Indicators of Subjective Well-Being: A Review Paper
Authors: Azizan Nurul Hafizah , Mahmud Zamalia , Rambli Adzhar
Published: November 2018

Subjective well-being is focusing on happiness and life satisfaction of the people. This review is carried out to examine the contributing factors of people's happiness and life satisfaction and also to determine the measurement instrument used in conducting a survey. A total of 60 articles obtained from academic search engines and online databases which are Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and Scopus have been chosen to be reviewed within a period from September 2017 until January 2018. Only 33 articles indexed in Scopus and ISI are eligible for final review.
Efecto del yeso sobre las características químicas de un Oxisol de la Orinoquia colombiana cultivado con lima ácida Tahití
Authors: Baquero Peñuela José Euripides , Yacomelo Hernandez Marlon Jose , Orduz Rodriguez Javier Orlando
Published: November 2018

La lima acida Tahití [Citrus latifolia (Yu Tanaka) Tanaka] es una de las especies de cítricos con potencial de producción para consumo interno y exportación en los llanos Orientales de Colombia. Con el propósito de evaluar los efectos del uso de yeso agrícola sobre las propiedades químicas, absorción de nutrientes y producción de frutos de lima Tahití, se realizó un experimento en un suelo Oxisol de terraza alta del Piedemonte Llanero. Los tratamientos consistieron de cinco niveles de yeso (0,5 - 1,0 - 1,5 - 2,0 y 2,5 t ha-1). Se utilizó un diseño de BCA con 4 repeticiones. La producción de fruto fue evaluada durante cinco años consecutivos y al sexto año se realizó el análisis químico del suelo y análisis foliar. Se encontró un efecto positivo sobre el aumento en el contenido y la distribución de Ca, Mg, y S en el perfil del suelo, disminución de la acidez intercambiable y aumento del pH con las aplicaciones crecientes de yeso agrícola. Las aplicaciones de yeso aumentaron la absorción de Ca y S y redujeron los niveles foliares de N, K, Mg y Zn, sin alterar la productividad del cultivo. La mayor producción acumulada de frutos (141,41 t ha-1) fue obtenido con la aplicación de 2,5 t ha-1 de yeso. Se demostró los efectos positivos del yeso agrícola en la distribución de bases en el suelo, en la reducción de la acidez y el incremento de pH en profundidad, mejorando la productividad de lima Tahití.
Propiedades físicas del suelo en diferentes sistemas agrícolas en la provincia de Los Ríos, Ecuador
Authors: Novillo Espinoza Indira Dayanara , Carrillo Zenteno Manuel Danilo , Cargua Chavez Jessica Elizabeth , Nabel Moreiral Virginia , Albán Solarte Karla Estefania , Morales Intriago Fátima Lourdes
Published: November 2018

Los sistemas de monocultivo degradan el suelo afectando sus propiedades físicas y químicas, y su regeneración es muy lenta. Con el objetivo de conocer cambios en las propiedades físicas del suelo de la Estación Experimental Tropical Pichilingue, por efecto del uso, se empleó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones, en los suelos de bosque nativo y monocultivos de maíz (30 años), cacao (50 años), pasto (4 años) y palma aceitera (26 años) en diferentes profundidades cada 0,10 m hasta los 0,6 m. Se evaluaron propiedades físicas como conductividad hidráulica, densidad aparente, densidad real, porosidad total, porosidad de aireación, humedad volumétrica, textura, arcilla dispersa en agua, grado de floculación, materia orgánica e índice de materia orgánica/limo+arcilla. Los datos fueron analizados estadísticamente y se realizó la prueba de Tuckey (P≤0,05). Se encontró que maíz, palma aceitera y pasto provocaron incrementos estadísticos significativos en la densidad aparente del suelo sin llegar a sobrepasar los niveles críticos de 1390 kg m-3 y no significativos en reducción de la porosidad total en la profundidad de 0,1-0,2 m. También, hubo alta concentración de arcillas en las primeras profundidades de los suelos cultivados, que provocó susceptibilidad a los procesos de erosión hídrica, concluyendo que el suelo bajo cultivo de palma aceitera mostró mayores diferencias estadísticas debido a la textura, afectando negativamente la densidad aparente del suelo, conductividad hidráulica, arcilla dispersa en agua, que en suma contribuyen a disminuir la estabilidad de agregados.
Ventajas de incorporar nuevas variedades al cultivo del algodonero en el Valle del Sinú
Authors: Martinez Reina Antonio María , Salcedo Sandro , Tordecilla Zumaqué Lilibet , Osorio Almanza Lorena , Burbano Figueroa Oscar
Published: November 2018

El análisis económico de las opciones tecnológicas es un complemento a la investigación biofísica. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo estimar las ventajas económicas de incorporar nuevas variedades de algodón, para disminuir los costos de producción del algodonero en el Valle del  Sinú, departamento de Córdoba y tornar el cultivo más competitivo; ya que la superficie cosechada en Colombia en el 2015 disminuyó en 39%, debido a los altos costos de producción de más de 5 millones por hectárea y bajos rendimientos de 680 kilos de fibra de algodón por hectárea con pérdidas $1.157.827 pesos colombianos. Entre los limitantes de la producción se encuentran los ataques de plagas y enfermedades especialmente el picudo del algodón (Anthonomus grandis) y la ramolosis los cuales participan en el 60 % de los costos de producción. Se concluye que la introducción de genotipos con tolerancia a los mencionados problemas fitosanitarios, contribuirá en el incremento de la productividad del cultivo.
Blood Pressure Goals in Patients with CKD
Authors: Chang Alex R. , Lóser Meghan , Malhotra Rakesh , Appel Lawrence J.
Published: November 2018

Hypertension affects the vast majority of patients with CKD and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, ESKD, and death. Over the past decade, a number of hypertension guidelines have been published with varying recommendations for BP goals in patients with CKD. Most recently, the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association 2017 hypertension guidelines set a BP goal of <130/80 mm Hg for patients with CKD and others at elevated cardiovascular risk. These guidelines were heavily influenced by the landmark Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT), which documented that an intensive BP goal to a systolic BP <120 mm Hg decreased the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in nondiabetic adults at high cardiovascular risk, many of whom had CKD; the intensive BP goal did not retard CKD progression. It is noteworthy that SPRINT measured BP with automated devices (5-minute wait period, average of three readings) often without observers, a technique that potentially results in BP values that are lower than what is typically measured in the office. Still, results from SPRINT along with long-term follow-up data from the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease and the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension suggest that a BP goal <130/80 mm Hg will reduce mortality in patients with CKD. Unfortunately, data are more limited in patients with diabetes or stage 4–5 CKD. Increased adverse events, including electrolyte abnormalities and decreased eGFR, necessitate careful laboratory monitoring. In conclusion, a BP goal of <130/80 is a reasonable, evidence-based BP goal in patients with CKD. Implementation of this intensive BP target will require increased attention to measuring BP accurately, assessing patient preferences and concurrent medical conditions, and monitoring for adverse effects of therapy.
Application of Lev Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Approach to Foster Students’ Understanding and Learning Performance
Authors: Helou, PhD Mammy M. , Newsome, Ed.D Linda K.
Published: November 2018

The current study endeavours to explore the application of the Vygotskian sociocultural approach to students’ cognitive development, particularly as related to the employment of experiential and peer learning, from both teacher and student perspectives. This is followed by a discussion of the inferences made in relation to the contributions of experiential and peer learning as salient educational delivery modes. As such, a presentation of teachers’ recounts about learning to teach, and students’ reflections on teaching to learn are provided. Finally, the current study concludes with: 1) Insightful erudition learning and teaching curves impacting students’ performance, retention and progression; and 2) Directions for future research in the area.
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF EXTRACT AND FRACTIONS OBTAINED FROM DIOSPYROS MELANOXYLON ROXB. LEAVES AND CORRELATION WITH THEIR POLYPHENOLIC PROFILES
Authors: Al Rashid Md. Harun , P.v.p. Deepak Bharadwaj , Majumder Sayani , Mandal Vivekananda , Pal Mahadeb , Mandal Subhash C , Thandavarayan Rajarajan Amirthalingam
Published: November 2018

Objective: The current study evaluates the antioxidant and cytotoxic prospective of the leaves from Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb. (D. melanoxylon).Methods: Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the samples from D. melanoxylon was carried out for the detection of secondary metabolites. Total content of flavonoids, phenolics, triterpenoids, and tannins in D. melanoxylon was evaluated using colorimetric assay. Qualitative analysis of polyphenolic compounds was performed using HPLC method. The antioxidant activity was examined by assessing the various free radical scavenging assays. Five human cancerous cell lines (HeLa, MCF-7, HCT-116, PC-3, and HEK293), one rat colon cancer cell line (RCC 45) and two normal cell lines (NKE and WI-38) were used for evaluating the anticancer activity through methylene blue assay.Results: The results indicated that ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) and aqueous fraction (AQF) exhibited the remarkable content of flavonoids, phenolics, triterpenoids, and tannins. Both EAF and AQF have cytotoxic activity with significant IC50 values but not showed significant antioxidant activity. However, the most powerful anticancer activity was recorded by EAF followed by AQF in a dose-dependent manner. It was also revealed that EAF and AQF were biocompatible with the normal cell lines.Conclusion: Our principal finding exhibited a potent anticancer activity. Furthermore, it was also indicated that samples contain secondary metabolites like flavonoids, phenolics, triterpenoids, and tannins. We suggest that the further investigation on this herb is effective against various types of ailments including cancer.Keywords: Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb., Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Polyphenols, Antioxidant, Anticancer
Comparação do Desempenho de Carteiras Utilizando ds Métodos Paridade de Risco, Mínima Variância e Equal Weighting: Um Estudo no Mercado Brasileiro em Períodos Pré, Durante e Pós A Crise de 2008
Authors: Bortoluzzo Maurício Mesquita , Bortoluzzo Adriana Bruscato , Imamura Ricardo Alexandre , Melhado Tatiana Terabayashi , Castro Rita De Cássia Marques Lima de
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: Comparação do desempenho de carteiras montadas de acordo com os métodos Paridade de Risco (PR), Mínima Variância (MV) e Equal Weighting (EW) no mercado brasileiro em períodos pré, pós e durante a crise internacional de 2008.Fundamento: Seleção de carteiras por meio do método MV tem base no artigo de Markowitz (1952). O método de alocação EW, estudado por Choueifaty e Coignard (2008), é o único portfólio na fronteira eficiente no caso de todos os ativos possuírem a mesma correlação. Maillard, Roncalli e Teïletche (2010) apresentam a metodologia PR como a mais eficiente na alocação de ativos por equalizar os pesos de cada ativo de acordo com sua contribuição ao risco do portfólio.Método: Foram construídas carteiras anuais com dados diários de todos os ativos brasileiros contemplando o período de 2007 a 2013. Foi utilizado o Índice de Sharpe (IS) para avaliar o desempenho das carteiras nos períodos anteriores, durante e após a crise. Resultados: O tradicional método MV apresenta maiores valores de IS em aproximadamente 70% das vezes. Já o método PR foi mais eficaz em períodos de crise. Contribuições: A comparação do desempenho de diferentes metodologias na construção de carteiras de risco brasileiras em períodos com diferentes volatilidades é a principal contribuição do trabalho. O fato de que o método EW apresentou a pior relação risco retorno em praticamente todos os períodos da amostra enseja ao mercado a busca por metodologias mais sofisticadas de alocação em ativos de risco.
Influências Institucionais ou Regulação? Uma Análise das Práticas de Evidenciação Obrigatórias de Reconhecimento de Receitas no Setor de Construção em Companhias do Brasil e Inglaterra
Authors: Ludwig Manoel Júnior , Souza Rafael Jaime de , Ribeiro Alex Mussoi , Vicente Ernesto Fernando Rodrigues
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: Investigar se a regulação, oriunda da convergência internacional, contribuiu para minimizar os efeitos das diferenças institucionais nas políticas contábeis, traduzidas neste, pelo nível de evidenciação do reconhecimento da receita.Fundamento: O reconhecimento da receita é amplamente discutido, especialmente no setor da construção. Desta forma, a pesquisa foi teoricamente estruturada no que dispõem os pronunciamentos, sobre o assunto, do FASB e IASB e nos aspectos teóricos relacionados com o nível de evidenciação.Método: Foram analisadas as demonstrações contábeis das empresas do Brasil e Inglaterra, do setor de construção, referente aos exercícios findos em 2014, 2015 e 2016. Identificou-se o critério utilizado de reconhecimento de receitas e o nível de evidenciação obrigatória, assim como o país de origem das companhias. Como variáveis de controle foram utilizadas: tamanho, performance, empresa de auditoria e composição acionária. Como base estatística, utilizou-se a análise de dados em painel.Resultados: Os resultados indicam que nenhuma variável testada tem poder explicativo sobre o índice de evidenciação e que o nível de evidenciação médio para a Inglaterra, de 72,1% foi ligeiramente superior ao do Brasil, na ordem de 70%.Contribuições: Conclui-se que há indícios de que a regulação exerceu papel de aproximação e equalização, em termos de evidenciação obrigatória, entre os países com diferenças institucionais. Por fim, é possível que as empresas de auditoria tenham papel importante nessa harmonização das práticas contábeis.
TRABALHO PRESCRITO, TRABALHO REAL E MEDIAÇÃO DO SOFRIMENTO: estudo de caso em jornalismo público
Authors: DIAS Robson , FIGUEROA Samuel Vianna , GOMES Victor Márcio Laus Reis , SILVA Luiza Mônica de Assis
Published: November 2018

Pesquisa empírica com o objetivo de investigar variáveis entre o trabalho prescrito e o trabalho real durante jornada de trabalho de jornalistas da matriz em Brasília da Empresa Brasileira de Correios e Telégrafos (ECT). É baseado no método de Anjos (2009), trabalho de psicodinâmica do trabalho e pode ser uma caracterização pertinente aos estudos sobre jornalistas e constrangimentos em ambientes organizacionais. Foram realizadas três entrevistas qualitativas com assessores. Os resultados indicam desconforto com a prescrição de trabalho, além de tentativa dos colaboradores de superar obstáculos oriundos do trabalho a partir do apoio mútuo entre a equipe.
O JORNALISMO E AS NARRATIVAS DE CONFLITO: DESAFIOS, ATRAVESSAMENTOS E PROCESSOS
Authors: RESENDE Fernando
Published: November 2018

Professor e pesquisador sobre jornalismo, narrativas e conflitos, Fernando Resende carrega em sua trajetória a experiência de aprofundar perguntas, buscando sempre outras questões e outros caminhos para repensar a prática e o fazer jornalísticos. Nesta entrevista para Âncora, Resende discute de que modos o jornalismo se mostra mediador de conflitos geopolíticos. Enquanto prática cultural-discursiva, cujo propósito é dar a ver fatos e histórias de um tempo em processo, a função do jornalismo é entrelaçar e problematizar desejos e interesses. Na conversa com Ana Lúcia Medeiros, o professor da Universidade Federal Fluminense atribui ao jornalismo o papel de interpelar o cotidiano, criar fricções e trazer à tona os jogos de poder. São esses alguns dos desafios que o jornalismo precisa enfrentar na produção de narrativas no complexo cenário midiático no qual está inserido. Acompanhe e confira os detalhes nesta entrevista
SEM PODER, EXPLOSIVA E FORA DO BARALHO: discursos sobre a presidenta Dilma Rousseff em capas de revistas jornalísticas
Authors: MENDES Marcília Luzia Gomes da Costa , SILVA Francisco Vieira da
Published: November 2018

O artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a construção discursiva da presidenta Dilma Rousseff em capas de revistas de circulação nacional, atentando para as operações e efeitos de sentidos produzidos. Para tanto, são utilizados os pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos da Análise do Discurso (doravante AD) de orientação francesa, tomando o discurso como mecanismo de saber e poder que atua na constituição de imagens e imaginários. As análises revelam a utilização de filtros e modos de enunciação específicos em torno da discursivização da figura de Dilma publicizada pelas capas das revistas jornalísticas. Observam-se posicionamentos que buscam constituir a figura de Dilma como umapessoa com gênio explosivo, difícil de lidar, entre outras características que a fariam menos apta ao cargo de presidente, desvelando vieses misóginos e conservadores, os quais parecem estar inscritos em um movimento de sentido mais amplo que vem ganhando espaço e repercussão com a intensificação da crise política e econômica brasileira.
East-west demographic divide in the EU: A regional overview
Authors: Galjak Marko
Published: November 2018

The goal was to examine demographic differences between former communist
regions and other regions of the EU. Besides providing a regional overview of
EU?s demographic differences, we question whether the subnational approach
offers any new insights into the East-West divide. This cross-sectional study
was conducted on 1,155 EU?s NUTS3 regions from 2014. These regions are
grouped in two groups: regions that were part of a com-munist country, and
other regions. Mortality, fertility and age structure indicators were tested
between the two groups of regions. GDP/c was used to control for differences
in economic development by segmenting the regions into tree brackets: low,
medium, and high. The differences were then tested for each indicator.
Regional variation within countries for each indicator was also assessed. The
gaps exist at regional level and are the widest with mortality and fertility
schedule, regardless of GDP/c. Former communist regions on average tend to be
slightly younger. Analysis of regional variation showed that subnational
approach was warranted when studying East-West demographic disparities,
especially when it comes to fertility schedule.
Adipocyte Glucocorticoid Receptor Deficiency Promotes Adipose Tissue Expandability and Improves the Metabolic Profile Under Corticosterone Exposure
Authors: Dalle Héloïse , Garcia Marie , Antoine Bénédicte , Boehm Vanessa , Do Thi Thu Huong , Buyse Marion , Ledent Tatiana , Lamazière Antonin , Magnan Christophe , Postic Catherine , Denis Raphaël George , Luquet Serge , Fève Bruno , Moldes Marthe
Published: November 2018

Widely used for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, glucocorticoids are nonetheless responsible for the development of diabetes and lipodystrophy. Despite an increasing number of studies focused on the adipocyte glucocorticoid receptor (GR), its precise role in the molecular mechanisms of these complications has not been elucidated. In keeping with this goal, we generated a conditional adipocyte-specific murine model of GR invalidation (AdipoGR knockout [KO] mice). Interestingly, when administered a corticosterone treatment to mimic hypercorticism conditions, AdipoGR-KO mice exhibited an improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. This was related to the adipose-specific activation of the insulin-signaling pathway, which contributed to fat mass expansion, as well as a shift toward an anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization in adipose tissue of AdipoGR-KO animals. Moreover, these mice were protected against ectopic lipid accumulation in the liver and displayed an improved lipid profile, contributing to their overall healthier phenotype. Altogether, our results indicate that adipocyte GR is a key factor of adipose tissue expansion and glucose and lipid metabolism control, which should be taken into account in the further design of adipocyte GR-selective modulators.
Trajectory of Excess Medical Expenditures 10 Years Before and After Diabetes Diagnosis Among U.S. Adults Aged 25–64 Years, 2001–2013
Authors: Shrestha Sundar S. , Zhang Ping , Hora Israel A. , Gregg Edward W.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE

We assessed the excess medical expenditures for adults newly diagnosed with diabetes, for up to 10 years before and after diabetes diagnosis.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Using the 2001–2013 MarketScan data, we identified people with newly diagnosed diabetes among adults aged 25–64 years (diabetes cohort) and matched them with people who did not have diagnosed diabetes (control cohort) using 1:1 propensity score matching. We followed these two cohorts up to ±10 years from the index date, with annual matched cohort sizes ranging from 3,922 to 39,726 individuals. We estimated the yearly and cumulative excess medical expenditures of the diabetes cohorts before and after the diagnosis of diabetes.

RESULTS

The per capita annual total excess medical expenditure for the diabetes cohort was higher for the entire 10 years prior to their index date, ranging between $1,043 in year −10 and $4,492 in year −1. Excess expenditure spiked in year 1 ($8,109), declined in year 2, and then increased steadily, ranging from $4,261 to $6,162 in years 2–10. The cumulative excess expenditure for the diabetes cohort during the entire 20 years of follow-up was $69,177 ($18,732 before and $50,445 after diagnosis).

CONCLUSIONS

People diagnosed with diabetes had higher medical expenditures compared with their counterparts, not only after diagnosis but also up to 10 years prior to diagnosis. Managing risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease before diagnosis, and for diabetes-related complications after diagnosis, could alleviate medical expenditure in people with diabetes.