bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANABOLICSTEROIDS THERAPY AS A TRIGGER OF CONDUCTION DISORDERS IN ATHLETES
Authors: Makharynska Olena , Borysova Yyliia , Oktiabrova Irina , Shokalo Irina
Published: June 2021

The high prevalence of WPW syndrome among young people dictates the relevance of this topic studying. In the register of causes of sudden cardiac death among athletes, the proportion of this syndrome is about 1%. The frequency of SCD in professional sportsmen cluster of population, according to various authors, varies from 2.3 to 6.5 cases per 100 thousand active athletes that in 2.4 times higher than in the general population.On example of the clinical case demonstrated in this article the importanceof a precise examination of athletes and amateurs, withdetected WPW phenomenon/syndrome, regardless of presencesymptoms, especially on continuous anabolic steroids therapy background. Therefore, it is necessary to control not only the physical activity of people involved in sports, but also the use of pharmacological drugs in preparation for competitions.
STOCK MARKET STATISTICAL DATA ANALYSIS FOR PRICES FORECASTING AND TRADING DECISION SUPPORT
Authors: Грінберг Галина
Published: June 2021

A general problems and methods for stock market statistical analysis are analyzed. A new method for stock price forecasting problem is considered based on a time series structural decomposition approach realized in special assignment of wave component auto-regression model as a superposition of harmonics with tuning frequencies. Computer simulation has been fulfilled in order to evaluate the performance of proposed method and algorithms.
ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ ПОЛЬЗОВАТЕЛЕЙ МОБИЛЬНЫХ УСТРОЙСТВ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ДИНАМИКИ НАБОРА ПАРОЛЬНОЙ ФРАЗЫ
Authors: Мазниченко Наталья
Published: June 2021

Текущая безопасность мобильных устройств часто ограничивается персональным идентификационным номером (PIN), методом, основанным на секретных знаниях, который исторически продемонстрировал свою неэффективную защиту от неправомерного использования. В этом исследовании предлагается использовать двухфакторную идентификацию в качестве усовершенствованного метода идентификации для мобильных устройств с сенсорным экраном. На основе анализа сделан вывод, что за счет использования секретных данных и анализа нажатия клавиш будет обеспечен более надежный механизм ограничения доступа к мобильным устройствам
ANATOMICAL AND VISUAL OUTCOME OF COMBINED PHACO-VITRECTOMY VS VITRECTOMY ALONE
Authors: Irfan Muslim  , Asad Aslam Khan  , Nasir Chaudhry
Published: June 2021

Introduction

Separation of Neurosensory retina from RPE(Retinal Pigment Epithelium) is described as retinal detachment. Recently Pars plana vitrectomy has emerged as a preferred surgical treatment for management of uncomplicated primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Various studies have evaluated the results of combined phaco-vitrectomy, the combined approach allows faster visual recovery and has cost effectivity for patient. The rationale of this study is to compare the anatomical and visual outcome of combined phacoemulsification and vitrectomy vs vitrectomy alone

Materials and methods

This prospective randomized controlled trial was performed at Eye Unit II Mayo Hospital Lahore (tertiary care eye hospital in Lahore), Pakistan from August 2019 to February 2020. 36 patients full filling the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups 18 patients each. Group A was of combined Phaco-vitrectomy and Group B was of vitrectomy only. The Mann-whitney test as test of significance was applied and P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

BCVA done Pre-operatively for Group A and B, P-value was > 0.05 which was insignificant. Best corrected visual acuity at first week post operatively was significantly lower in patients in which we used gasses as internal tamponade as compared those in which we used silicon oil as tamponade. The BCVA at 1 month showed improvements in both groups, however the BCVA in group B was significantly lower than group A, P-value being < 0.05. The BCVA at 3 month showed improvements in both groups, however the BCVA in group B was significantly lower than group A, P-value being < 0.05.

Anatomical Outcome was seen as weather retina was attached or detached. In Group A detachment was present in all follow-ups in 2/18 patients while in Group B detachment was present in all follow-ups in 3/18 patients. The P-value was >0.05 and thus the difference between two groups was insignificant.

Conclusion

visual acuity did not differ among the two groups preoperatively and on first follow-up at 1 week. The P value being >0.05 in both. However there was significant difference between the two group at 1 month and 3 months follow up, P value being < 0.05 in each. The visual acuity was significantly better in Group A i.e combined phaco- vitrectomy.

For anatomical outcome no difference was seen between the groups. The P value was > 0.05. So the visual outcome of group A was significantly better than group B while the anatomical outcome was the same.

 

Keywords

Phacoemulsification, Three ports pars plana vitrectomy, best corrected visual acuity, retinal detachment.
Development evaluations in Uganda 2000–2018: A Country Evaluation Map
Authors:   The Campbell Collaboration, White Howard , Lubanga Timothy ,   Office of the Prime Minister, Government of Uganda, Rathinam Francis ,   Athena Infonomics, Taremwa Roland ,   Office of the Prime Minister, Government of Uganda, Kachero Benjamin ,   Office of the Prime Minister, Government of Uganda, Otike Caroline ,   Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews and Knowledge Translation, Makerere University, Apunyo Robert ,   Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews and Knowledge Translation, Makerere University, Siddiqui Zeba ,   International Initiative for Impact Evaluation, Joshi Anagha ,   Australian Institute of Family Studies, Saran Ashrita ,   Campbell South Asia, Obuku Ekwaro ,   Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews and Knowledge Translation, Makerere University
Published: June 2021

'Development evaluations in Uganda 2000–2018: A Country Evaluation Map' is a CEDIL Synthesis Working Paper. It is a report on the first of its kind country evaluation map for a single country. The map identifies 617 evaluations in multiple sectors. Nearly 60 per cent of the studies contain process evaluation evidence and over 40 per cent are impact evaluations. The map helps make visible recent development evaluations from the country, identifies potential gaps in knowledge and opportunities for evidence synthesis. Users can submit studies for inclusion in the map, thus giving the map a repository function.
Democratic revival of political culture
Authors:   Taraz Regional University named after M.Kh. Dulati, Kazakhstan, Omirzakova D.D.
Published: June 2021

In this article, a political culture is studied in conjunction with the cultural and spiritual ties formed in the course of history. The author reveals the essence of the concept of "democracy" and considers its versatility. Based on this, the essence of "democracy" is studied in combination with modern values, and its role in society is analyzed. Therefore, the fact that the form of power is also measured by culture has been examined in comparison with the political systems of history.
Modern russia: transit patterns
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Yergobek Sh.K.
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the regularities of development of political processes and transit in modern Russia. As a Eurasian country, Russia did not follow the path of European transit, choosing its own path, which is based on its own understanding of the state and rights. The transformation had its own logic and sequence. If the first stage of transit was dominated by the principles of liberalism, the second stage is characterized by the centralization and unitarization of power, the definition of state priorities as the basic values of society.
Psychosocial factors of suicidal behavior of adolescents: review of foreign studies
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Myrzabaev S.E. , Sadyrova M.S. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

This article aims to review research that seeks to find psychosocial factors of suicidal behavior among adolescents. The article deals with the sociological research of European authors who dealt with the problem of suicidal behavior of adolescents and young people aged 14-24 years. Studying these studies, the article shows the psychosocial risk factors for suicide and suicidal behavior among progeny.
Covid – 19 and policy in 2020
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Kazakhstan, Absattarov R. B. , Rau I. A. ,   Academy of Leading Personnel of the Bundeswehr, Hamburg, Germany
Published: June 2021

The article examines the issues of COVID-19 and anti-covid policy in 2020, which have not yet been studied in socio-political science. The article discusses in more detail the following issues: when сorunu was noticed and what was offered; the initial mistakes and correctness of WHO in assessing the epidemic and ways to overcome it; the struggle of states with COVID-19; the experience of China's anti-crisis policy; geopolitics in the initial period of the pan-epidemic, and others.
Соnsтruстіоn оf fеміnіnітy іmаgеs іn sосіаl меdіа dіsсоursе
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Kaldybek S.T. , Shedenova N.U. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Karimova Zh.K ,   KazISS under the President of Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

Along with the rapid growth of modern social media, it can be recognized that these platforms influence social standards. Showing women on social media can indicate how others treat them in real life. This article examines the emergence of sociocultural ideas about feminіnіtу images in the context of social network media. The research is based on the concept of social drama by I. Goffman, adapted to the conditions of the communicative environment in the virtual space. The relevance of the study is due to the ever-increasing role of social media in the life of modern women.
Socio psychological problems arising from the pregnancy of underage girls
Authors:   Kazakh national women's teacher training university, Kazakhstan, Bakytzhanova А.А. , Imanbekova B.I. ,   Kazakh national women's teacher training university, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The article presents a sociological analysis of the socio-psychological problems that arise in pregnant underage girls. The authors summarize their views on this issue based on the results of theoretical and applied social research. As a result of the study, it was found that the formation of the sexual culture of underage pregnant girls is influenced by their psychological and social environment, which is formed from childhood.
The connection of the Muslim education system in Kazakhstan with the national political activity of the first quarter of the XX century
Authors:   Ph.D. student of the specialty «Political science» Ankara Haci Bayram Veli University, Ankara, Turkey, Shylmambetov S. T.
Published: June 2021

The article reviews the historical data on the relationship of Muslim enlightenment in Kazakhstan in the early XX century with national political activity. In addition, the activities of the national intelligentsia in the field of education are reflected in the actual archival data. The efforts of the Jadid schools to solve political problems on the way to national unification and the formation of a political elite have been studied with productive evidence. Representatives of the Muslim education system in Kazakhstan, the role and place of the Jadids in the national movement are given by historically accurate data.
Balanced scorecard for evaluating intellectual capital in higher education institutions
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Slyamova E.S.
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the article: to show the balanced scorecard as a useful tool for assessing the activities of universities. Universities make strategic plans to achieve their goals. However, these plans can fail if the required resources are not available. The most valuable resources at any university are the experience of faculty and staff and its intellectual capital. Therefore, if a university effectively evaluates and manages these valuable resources, it can rationally design and use strategies to achieve its goals.
How quarantine affected information security: a political analysis
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Kazakhstan, Nussipova A.U.
Published: June 2021

Since the end of last year, the new COVID-19 infection has had an unprecedented impact on various areas of human life, including the modern technological structure. Among the global negative factors, both health problems and cybersecurity challenges were noted. Security problems with remote access to the novel coronavirus COVID-19 during a pandemic are identified for objective and subjective reasons. On the one hand, accessing the Internet from home is not difficult from a security point of view, on the other hand, the transition to quarantine was unexpected.
Influence of USA Russia relations on Kazakhstan: academic community evidence
Authors:   Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations and World Languages, Yerbossynov T. , Absattarov G. R. ,   Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations and World Languages
Published: June 2021

The difficult relationship between Russia and the United States is a natural phenomenon, the result of a conscious policy of the US administration aimed at establishing American dominance in the post-war world and the ever-increasing revenge-seeking policies of the Russian ruling elite. This article is designed to assess the impact of the US-Russia relationship on Kazakhstan’s politics and economy at the present stage, after the deterioration of relations in the framework of the weakening of US hegemony in the world arena and its futile attempts to maintain its sphere of influence.
Social stratification of peasants after the Great Patriotic war
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Kazakhstan, Zhalmagambetov Y.A.
Published: June 2021

The end of the Great Patriotic War gave people hope for a new life. The country's economy has suffered greatly from the war. During the war, the government focused on heavy industry. Because the war required weapons and heavy equipment. Therefore, special attention was paid to the condition of the workers and their social security. The state also focused on the development of agriculture. However, the working conditions of the peasants, their social security were not equal to those of the workers.
Comparative analysis of the paradigms of myth and legend
Authors:   Egyptian University of Islamic culture «Nur-Mubarak», Kazakhstan, Hamzeeva B. , Barakbayeva Т.А. ,   Egyptian University of Islamic culture «Nur-Mubarak», Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

Is it possible to find another phenomenon in the field of spiritual culture of mankind, both mythology and judgment? Someone connects it with religion, someone sees it as a confrontation with religion, someone mixes it with a folk legend, a fairy tale, someone considers it separately from them. Some consider mythology a rational burden or an alternative in the spiritual wealth of the people, while others view it as a deep progressive factor of culture. What is mythology really? It has to do with religion and folklore, what place it occupies in the history of human thought.
DISCOURSEONPOLITICALANDSOCIO-CULTURALFACTORSOFISLAMOPHOBIA
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Sarsembaev R.M. , Rysbekova Sh.S. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Bagasharov G. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Esbolova М ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

Islamophobia in modern times is one of the essential challenges to the development of humanism and intercultural dialogue. Recent events demonstrate a clear spread of this phenomenon to various sociocultural spaces. The discrimination caused by Islamophobia shocked the whole world. The events that took place in Myanmar, New Zealand, etc. caused great concern. Despite the fact that Islamophobia has become an object of versatile research, at the moment it remains ambiguous, and at the conceptual level, an insufficiently defined phenomenon. Especially many questions arise around the causes of Islamophobia.
RESEARCH OF PROTEST ACTIVITY OF THE POPULATION IN FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC SCIENCE
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Otebay K.N.
Published: June 2021

Organized protest actions of citizens have an increasing impact on the socio-political processes in Kazakhstan and Europe. The modern protest takes on new forms, and the opening technical opportunities are used to mobilize participants. In such conditions, the assessment of the protest potential, the identification of «points of instability» and the understanding of the possible negative public reaction to the decisions of the political elite become important tasks of modern political management. The article considers the main theoretical approaches to the study of protest behavior in foreign sociology.
YOUTH POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERNIZATION OF SOCIETY: FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan, Dzhunusova A. ,   e-mail: araika050687@mail.ru, Biulegenovа В. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan, Zhanpeisova К. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

Youth is a key factor in social change. Young people are catalysts that define the political, economic, social and cultural structure of modern society. The article focuses on the need for youth policy as a special focus of the state on the basis of the role and place of youth in society. The issues of the formation and implementation of the state youth policy in the Republic of Kazakhstan. State youth policy has been concluded as a political, socio-economic, legal and organizational system that the state implements and supports young people.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC FEATURES OF THE YOUTH LABOR AND RESOURCE MARKET: REGIONAL ASPECT
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Sarsenova A.
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the social and economic state of the labor market as the main factor determining the choice of labor strategies by young people. When forming labor strategies and building a professional career of modern youth, it is necessary to take into account the structure of the labor market. The structure of the labour market generally depends on the needs of specific occupations,level of urbanization,characteristics of regional economic development, and the development of the economy as a whole. Therefore, it is extremely important to comprehensively consider the structure of the country's labor market from a socio-economic point of view.
Analysis of the level of emotional intelligence and features of professional adaptation of the social worker
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Aubakir A. , Nurkatova M.M. ,   The Center for the Study of Global Health in Central Asia at Columbia University
Published: June 2021

The article considers the results of research on the role of emotional intelligence in the process of professional activity, this direction was expressed almost simultaneously with the emergence of the concept of emotional intelligence and to this day does not lose relevance due to practical needs. In accordance with the purpose of our work, the study of the role of emotional intelligence in ensuring the effectiveness of professional adaptation of social workers, as well as the knowledge, skills and abilities of social workers often play a key role in their personal characteristics, ability to express themselves, find common ground.
ANALYSIS OF INTER-ETHNIC CONFLICTS AND APPLICATION OF NATIONAL IDENTITY THEORIES IN KAZAKHSTANI CONTEXT
Authors:   Institute of Diplomacy at the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, Kumar Y. , Baktybayev В. ,   Institute of Diplomacy at the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan
Published: June 2021

Two large conflicts arose between representatives of Uighurs and Kazakhs in 2006 and between Kurds and Kazakhs in 2007 within the Republic of Kazakhstan. Official authorities did not want to consider these conflicts as inter-ethnic conflicts in order not to propagate further ethnic escalations and clashes. One of the few reasons were due to the fact that the state did not want to worsen its international image as a peaceful and multi-national state as it has proclaimed to be so, where representatives of around 130 nationalities live in peace and harmony together.
REGIONAL SECURITY DYNAMICS IN NORTHERN EUROPE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF NORWAY) IN THE LIGHT OF RECENT CHANGES
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Kalibekuly D. , Chukubayev Y.S. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The paper examines the dynamics of regional security in Norway as a part of Northern Europe. Being a political and geographical part of the Euro-Atlantic security system. Northern Europe, in its turn, is experiencing the impact of the confrontation between Russia and NATO. Norway's security policy analyzed from the perspective of a regional leader, as a NATO member country participating in the operations of the North Atlantic Alliance and as NATO's northern wing.
RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE: SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Kazakhstan, Sultanova F.
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the issues of religious tolerance in modern society. The Republic of Kazakhstan represents multiethnic, polyconfessional, polycultural society. In this regard huge attention is paid to the general ideas of equivalence of all people. At the global level, a number of specially designed documents and regulations have been developed and adopted. Emergence of religious tolerance logically intertwines with such concepts as free-thinking, toleration, laicisation. Experience of our country shows that various religions and faiths can be quite compatible, coexist peacefully and effectively.
GLOBALIZATION AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN NIGERIA
Authors:   International University of Information Technologies, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Adeleke O.W. , Abzhaliyeva А.Т. ,   International University of Information Technologies, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

Globalization creates social inequality and instability, it poses threat to sovereignty and territorial integrity not just in the post-colonial countries of Asia and Afrika, but also in the current Westphalia state system. Globalization often tacitly embolden demands for new states. Meanwhile, neo-liberalism that works in the well-established market economies in the West has failed to meet the target in the emerging markets of the developing economies. Although globalization comes with both enriching and impoverishing impacts, yet the impacts are known to be disruptive and contribute to domestic instability.
ACTUAL SOCIOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN THE STUDYING OF MULTILINGUALISM IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM
Authors:   Eurasian National University named after L.N.Gumilyov, Kazakhstan, Dauletkeldyyeva А.А.
Published: June 2021

This article explains the essence of the concepts of «multilingualism», «trilingualism», «bilingualism», «monolingualism», «plurilingualism» and their relationship to each other is different. Along with the programs of Kazakhstan Government on the policy of bilingualism, the trinity of languages, for the first time in Kazakhstan, the idea of multilingualism was raised and the chronology of the work done in different years in relation to multilingualism in the country's education system was shown.An expert review of foreign and domestic scientific research on the study of multilingualism was conducted, and issues of improving language literacy at the multicultural Kazakhstan site were discussed.
SOCIAL STATUS OF LARGE FAMILIES IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Yedrenova N.T. , Sadyrova M.S. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The essence and meaning of the family. The current problems of a large family and the issues of supporting a large family will be considered. The purpose of the article is to discuss the issues of social assistance, social protection for large families in Kazakhstan from the state and other social institutions in society. The responsibility of parents for having many children.At the same time, the emergence and solution of problems that arise in the country during the pandemic.A large family is the basis of the demographic development of society and children are the most valuable resource of the country
INFLUENCE OF «SAMPO» IDEOLOGY ON THE MODERN FAMILY VALUE SYSTEM IN SOUTH KOREA
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Aituar А. , Toktarova Zh.B. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

Looking back at the history of South Korea, we see that it is an East Asian state, the basis of the Confucian civilization. While the men's community was the main workers, the women's community was exclusively engaged in the household. During the process of globalization, many changes occurred in Korean society, and one of these changes directly influenced the emergence of the modern term «sampo generation». The concept of the Sampo generation is part of the concept of «N-po» and is currently the most intensively widespread trend in society among representatives of the adolescent and middle age.
Dietary supplementary glutamine and L-carnitine enhanced the anti-cold stress of Arbor Acres broilers
Authors: Liu Yang , Yang Yuying , Yao Ruizhi , Hu Yajie , Liu Peng , Lian Shuai , Lv Hongming , Xu Bin , Li Shize
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Newborn poultry in cold regions often suffer from cold stress,
causing a series of changes in their physiology and metabolism, leading to
slow growth and decreased production performance. However, a single
anti-stress substance cannot completely or maximally eliminate or alleviate
the various effects of cold stress on animals. Therefore, the effects of the
supplemented glutamine and L-carnitine on broilers under low temperature
were evaluated in this study. Broilers were randomly allocated into 16
groups which were respectively fed with different levels of glutamine and
L-carnitine according to the L16 (45) orthogonal experimental
design for 3 weeks (the first week is the adaptive feeding period; the
second and third weeks are the cold exposure period). Growth performance
was recorded, and blood samples were collected during cold exposure. The
results showed the supplementation had altered the plasma parameters, growth
performance and cold-induced oxidative stress. The increase of
corticosterone and suppression of thyroid hormone was ameliorated.
Supplemented groups had lower daily feed intake and feed-to-gain ratio, higher
daily weight gain and better relative weights of immune organs. Plasma
glucose, total protein, blood urea nitrogen and alkaline phosphatase
changed as well. Oxidative stress was mollified due to the improved
activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, heightened
total antioxidant capacity and stable malondialdehyde. Dietary glutamine and
L-carnitine improve the growth performance, nutritional status and cold
stress response of broilers at low temperature, and their interaction
occurred.
Challenges and limitations of modelling historical spatial data on nature: 19th century flora and fauna of Peloponnese, Greece
Authors: Gkadolou Eleni , Koutsovoulou Katerina , Tolias Georgios , Detsis Vassilis
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The aim of the study is the consolidation of a methodology suitable for organizing, utilizing and visualizing information regarding species distribution provided as text in historical sources. The work of the French Scientific Expedition in 1829 in Peloponnese, Greece, was used as a case study. We propose a system organized in three geographical levels: for information referring to a certain locality the form of a grid is appropriate, otherwise polygons depicting historical administrative areas or the whole region of Peloponnese should be preferred. There are three important caveats to avoid. First, species presence referring to an administrative area or region does not equal with presence in every locality and should not be transferred to the level of grid mapping, respectively reference of presence in the region should not be transferred to the administrative units’ level. Second, historical sources refer to species names that often are no longer valid; this kind of data must be referred to currently valid species names. Third, absence of reference of species presence should not be misinterpreted as absence of the species.
Towards Conducting Reproducible Distributed Experiments in the Geosciences
Authors: Ledermann Florian , Gartner Georg
Published: June 2021

Abstract. We present a system for running experiments and user studies that can be effortlessly distributed across multiple heterogeneous devices. By taking into account specific requirements of the geosciences (geovisualization, cartography, location-based services), and by providing a clear and simple conceptual model for defining experiments, this system can help researchers implement empirical studies in less time or with increased functionality, and can lead to increased transparency and reproducibility of studies for other researchers. The versatility of the proposed system is demonstrated in three case studies where the system is put to use in widely different application scenarios.
Detecting OpenStreetMap missing buildings by transferring pre-trained deep neural networks
Authors: Pisl Jan , Li Hao , Lautenbach Sven , Herfort Benjamin , Zipf Alexander
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Accurate and complete geographic data of human settlements is crucial for effective emergency response, humanitarian aid and sustainable development. Open- StreetMap (OSM) can serve as a valuable source of this data. As there are still many areas missing in OSM, deep neural networks have been trained to detect such areas from satellite imagery. However, in regions where little or no training data is available, training networks is problematic. In this study, we proposed a method of transferring a building detection model, which was previously trained in an area wellmapped in OSM, to remote data-scarce areas. The transferring was achieved via fine-tuning the model on limited training samples from the original training area and the target area. We validated the method by transferring deep neural networks trained in Tanzania to a site in Cameroon with straight distance of over 2600 km, and tested multiple variants of the proposed method. Finally, we applied the fine-tuned model to detect 1192 buildings missing OSM in a selected area in Cameroon. The results showed that the proposed method led to a significant improvement in f1-score with as little as 30 training examples from the target area. This is a crucial quality of the proposed method as it allows to fine-tune models to regions where OSM data is scarce.
Efficient multi-angle polarimetric inversion of aerosols and ocean color powered by a deep neural network forward model
Authors: Gao Meng , Franz Bryan A. , Knobelspiesse Kirk , Zhai Peng-Wang , Martins Vanderlei , Burton Sharon , Cairns Brian , Ferrare Richard , Gales Joel , Hasekamp Otto , Hu Yongxiang , Ibrahim Amir , McBride Brent , Puthukkudy Anin , Werdell P. Jeremy , Xu Xiaoguang
Published: June 2021

Abstract. NASA's Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission, scheduled for
launch in the timeframe of 2023, will carry a hyperspectral scanning
radiometer named the Ocean Color Instrument (OCI) and two multi-angle
polarimeters (MAPs): the UMBC Hyper-Angular Rainbow Polarimeter (HARP2) and the
SRON Spectro-Polarimeter for Planetary EXploration one (SPEXone). The MAP
measurements contain rich information on the microphysical properties of
aerosols and hydrosols and therefore can be used to retrieve accurate aerosol
properties for complex atmosphere and ocean systems. Most polarimetric aerosol
retrieval algorithms utilize vector radiative transfer models iteratively in
an optimization approach, which leads to high computational costs that limit
their usage in the operational processing of large data volumes acquired by
the MAP imagers. In this work, we propose a deep neural network (NN) forward
model to represent the radiative transfer simulation of coupled atmosphere and
ocean systems for applications to the HARP2 instrument and its
predecessors. Through the evaluation of synthetic datasets for AirHARP
(airborne version of HARP2), the NN model achieves a numerical accuracy
smaller than the instrument uncertainties, with a running time of
0.01 s in a single CPU core or 1 ms in a GPU. Using the NN as a
forward model, we built an efficient joint aerosol and ocean color retrieval
algorithm called FastMAPOL, evolved from the well-validated Multi-Angular
Polarimetric Ocean coLor (MAPOL) algorithm. Retrievals of aerosol properties
and water-leaving signals were conducted on both the synthetic data and the
AirHARP field measurements from the Aerosol Characterization from Polarimeter
and Lidar (ACEPOL) campaign in 2017. From the validation with the synthetic
data and the collocated High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) aerosol
products, we demonstrated that the aerosol microphysical properties and water-leaving signals can be retrieved efficiently and within acceptable
error. Comparing to the retrieval speed using a conventional radiative transfer
forward model, the computational acceleration is 103 times faster with CPU
or 104 times with GPU processors. The FastMAPOL algorithm can be used to
operationally process the large volume of polarimetric data acquired by PACE
and other future Earth-observing satellite missions with similar capabilities.
The Cretaceous physiological adaptation of angiosperms to a declining pCO2: a trait-oriented modelling approach
Authors: Bres Julia , Sepulchre Pierre , Viovy Nicolas , Vuichard Nicolas
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The Cretaceous evolution of angiosperm leaves towards higher vein densities enables unprecedented leaf stomatal conductance. Still, simulating and quantifying the impact of such change on plant productivity and transpiration in the peculiar environmental conditions of the Cretaceous remains challenging. Here, we address this issue by combining a paleo proxy-based model with a fully atmosphere-vegetation model that couples stomatal conductance to carbon assimilation. Based on the fossil record, we build and evaluate three consistent pre-angiosperm vegetation parameterizations under two end-members scenarios of pCO2 (280 ppm and 1120 ppm) for the mid-Cretaceous : a reduction of hydraulic or photosynthetic capacity and a combination of both, supported by a likely coevolution of stomatal conductance and photosynthetic biochemistry. Our results suggest that decreasing hydraulic or/and photosynthetic capacities always generates a reduction of transpiration that is predominantly the result of plant productivity variations, modulated by light, water availability in the soil and atmospheric evaporative demand. The high pCO2 acts as a fertilizer on plant productivity that bolsters plant transpiration and water-use efficiency. However, we show that pre-angiosperm physiology does not allow vegetation to grow under low pCO2 because of a positive feedback between leaf stomatal conductance and leaf area index. Our modelling approach stresses the need to better represent paleovegetation physiological traits. It also confirms the hypothesis of a likely evolution of angiosperms from a stage of low hydraulic and photosynthetic capacities at high pCO2 to a stage of high hydraulic and photosynthetic capacities linked to leaves more and more densely irrigated together with a more efficient biochemistry at low pCO2.
Evidence for high-elevation salar recharge and interbasin groundwater flow in the Western Cordillera of the Peruvian Andes
Authors: Alvarez-Campos Odiney , Olson Elizabeth J. , Frisbee Marty D. , Zuñiga Medina Sebastián A. , Díaz Rodríguez José , Roque Quispe Wendy R. , Salazar Mamani Carol I. , Arenas Carrión Midhuar R. , Manuel Jara Juan , Ccanccapa-Cartagena Alexander , Jafvert Chad T. , Welp Lisa R.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Improving our understanding of hydrogeological processes on the western flank of the central Andes is critical to communities living in this arid region. Groundwater emerging as springs at low elevations provides water for drinking, agriculture, and baseflow. Some springs also have recreation or religious significance. However, the high elevation sources of recharge and specific groundwater flowpaths that support these springs and convey groundwater to lower elevations in southern Peru remain poorly quantified in this geologically complex environment. The objectives of this study were to identify recharge zones and groundwater flowpaths supporting natural springs east of the city of Arequipa in the volcanic mountain terrain, particularly, the potential for recharge within the high-elevation closed-basin Lagunas Salinas salar. We used geochemical and isotopic tracers in springs, surface waters (rivers and lakes), and precipitation (rain and snow) sampled from March 2019 through February 2020. We obtained monthly samples from six springs, bimonthly samples from four rivers, and various samples from high-elevation springs during the dry season. We analyzed stable water isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) and general chemistry of springs, rivers, local rainfall, and snow from Pichu Pichu volcano. The monthly isotopic composition of spring water was invariable over time, suggesting that the springs receive a stable source of groundwater recharge and are not supported by relatively short groundwater flowpaths. The chemistry of springs in the low- and mid-elevations (2500 to 2900 masl) point towards a mix of recharge from the salar (4300 masl) and mountain-block recharge (MBR) in or above a queñuales forest ecosystem at ~4000 masl on the adjacent Pichu Pichu volcano. Springs at higher elevation closer to the salar and in a region with a high degree of faulting had higher chloride concentrations indicating higher proportions of interbasin groundwater flow from the salar. We conclude that while the salar is a closed basin, surface water from the salar recharges through the lacustrine sediments, mixes with mountain-block groundwater, and is incorporated into the regional groundwater flow system. Groundwater flow in the mountain block and the subsequent interbasin groundwater flow is accommodated through extensive faulting and fracturing. Our findings provide valuable information on the flowpaths and zones of recharge that support low-elevation springs in this arid region. In this study, high-elevation forests and a closed-basin salar are important sources of recharge. These features should be carefully managed to prevent impacts to the down-valley springs and streams.
Structural polymorphism and substrate promiscuity of a ribosome-associated molecular chaperone
Authors: Huang Chih-Ting , Lai Yei-Chen , Chen Szu-Yun , Ho Meng-Ru , Chiang Yun-Wei , Hsu Shang-Te Danny
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Trigger factor (TF) is a highly conserved multi-domain molecular
chaperone that exerts its chaperone activity at the ribosomal tunnel exit
from which newly synthesized nascent chains emerge. TF also displays
promiscuous substrate binding for a large number of cytosolic proteins
independent of ribosome binding. We asked how TF recognizes a variety of
substrates while existing in a monomer–dimer equilibrium. Paramagnetic
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron spin resonance (ESR)
spectroscopy were used to show that dimeric TF displays a high degree of
structural polymorphism in solution. A series of peptides has been generated
to quantify their TF binding affinities in relation with their sequence
compositions. The results confirmed a previous predication that TF
preferentially binds to peptide fragments that are rich in aromatic and
positively charged amino acids. NMR paramagnetic relaxation enhancement
analysis showed that TF utilizes multiple binding sites, located in the
chaperone domain and part of the prolyl trans–cis isomerization domain, to
interact with these peptides. Dimerization of TF effectively sequesters most
of the substrate binding sites, which are expected to become accessible upon
binding to the ribosome as a monomer. As TF lacks ATPase activity, which is
commonly used to trigger conformational changes within molecular chaperones
in action, the ribosome-binding-associated disassembly and conformational
rearrangements may be the underlying regulatory mechanism of its chaperone
activity.
Scheme optimization for a turbine blade under multiple working conditions based on the entropy weight vague set
Authors: Yi Guodong , Zhou Huifang , Wang Yang , Wu Jingli , Wu Jundi
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The deformation of blades under complex loads of multiple
working conditions will reduce the energy conversion efficiency. To reduce
the deviation of the blade shape in practical working conditions, a
combination and optimization method of blade design schemes under multiple
working conditions, based on the entropy weight vague sets, is proposed. The
sensitivity of each working condition index is analyzed based on the
information entropy, and the satisfaction degree of the design scheme based
on the design requirements and experiences is described with the vague set.
The matching degree of different design schemes for multiple working
conditions is quantified according to the scoring function. The combination
and optimization of the design scheme are verified by numerical simulation
analysis. The results show that the proposed design scheme has a smaller
blade shape deviation than the traditional design scheme under multiple
working conditions.
A method for solving heat transfer with phase change in ice or soil that allows for large time steps while guaranteeing energy conservation
Authors: Tubini Niccolò , Gruber Stephan , Rigon Riccardo
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The accurate simulation of heat transfer with phase change is a central problem in cryosphere studies. This is because the non-linear behaviour of enthalpy as function of temperature can prevent thermal models of snow, ice, and frozen soil from converging to the correct solution. Existing numerical techniques rely on increased temporal resolution in trying to keep corresponding errors within acceptable bounds. Here, we propose an algorithm, originally applied to solve water flow in soils, as a method to solve these integration issues with guaranteed convergence and conservation of energy for any time step size. We review common modelling approaches, focusing on the fixed-grid method and on frozen soil. Based on this, we develop a conservative formulation of the governing equation and outline problems of alternative formulations in discretized form. Then, we apply the nested Newton–Casulli–Zanolli (NCZ) algorithm to a one-dimensional finite-volume discretization of the energy–enthalpy formulation. Model performance is demonstrated against the Neumann and Lunardini analytical solutions and by comparing results from numerical experiments with integration time steps of 1 h, 1 d, and 10 d. Using our formulation and the NCZ algorithm, the convergence of the solver is guaranteed for any time step size. With this approach, the integration time step can be chosen to match the timescale of the processes investigated.
Authors: Ratnadi Ari , Sugiartini Desak Ketut Sugiartini
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Pregnancy is a fertilization or the union of sperm and ovum, followed by nidasi or implantation. This study aimed to determine the level of of pregnant women’ knowledge of first trimester toward imminent abortion dangerous. Methods: This research used descriptive method with non probability sampling technique. Research sample consisted of 35 respondents selected by purposive sampling. Collecting data used questionnaires. Result: The results show that from 35 respondents in the research samples found the characteristics of respondents by the age of 11 respondents (31.4%) aged 20-25 years, based education of 35 respondents, as research subjects were 11 respondents (31.4%) had high school, based on the work of 35 respondents as a research subject as much as 14 respondents (40.0%) worked as a farmer / worker.  In the research variables for the level of knowledge of pregnant women in first trimester of the danger threatened abortion is found that out of 35 respondents as research subjects the majority of respondents 16 people (45.7%) have a level of knowledge sufficient, as many as 8 respondents (22.9%) good knowledge and as many as 11 respondents ( 31.4%) less knowledgeable. Conclusions: In this case the midwifes are expected to continue to provide counseling at the time of expectant mothers who visit the dangers associated with abortion imminent.

Keywords: Knowledge, Pregnant women, Imminent abortion
Authors: Lestari Devy Dwi
Published: June 2021

Anxiety about the future is a feeling of worry, uncertainty and anxiety in an undesirable event in the future. This anxiety can be reduced by focusing on developing self-esteem. Therefore the importance of this research is to increase self-esteem with positive thoughts about their abilities. This study aims to determine the relationship of self-esteem with anxiety facing the future in adolescents in orphanages. This research uses Analytical Survey design with Cross Sectional approach. The sample of this research is 51 teenagers. Sampling technique using purposive sampling with research instruments is Rosenberg Self Esteem questionnaire totaling 10 questions and anxiety facing the future amounting to 15 questions. Data analysis techniques using the Spearman Rank. The results showed there was a relationship of self-esteem with anxiety facing the future in adolescents in the Al Ikhlas Brongkal orphanage. With significant results (p) <0.010 = (p) <0.05. The conclusion in this study is that most adolescents have low self-esteem and most are in the moderate anxiety category. It is expected that adolescents can improve their self-esteem.
Pengaruh Terapi Tertawa Dengan Media Menonton Video Stand-Up Comedy Terhadap Kecemasan Mahasiswa Keperawatan Semester I Menjelang UAS Di STIKes Buleleng
Authors: Wahyuni Komang Putri
Published: June 2021

Abstrak: Kecemasan adalah sebagai suatu keadaan dimana seorang merasa tidak nyaman dan adanya tekanan sistem saraf otonom dalam aktivitas rangsang akibat ancaman yang tidak diketahui. Kecemasan sendiri berpengaruh terhadap performa dari orang yang mengalaminya, contohnya penurunan prestasi akademik dari mahasiswa. Salah satu alternative untuk mengatasi kecemasan yakni dengan terapi tertawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan .untuk menganalisis Pengaruh Terapi Tertawa Dengan Media Menonton Video Stand Up Comedy Terhadap Kecemasan Mahasiswa Keperawatan Semester I Menjelang UAS di STIKes Buleleng. Desain penelitian ini yaitu pra eksperimental dengan rancangan one group pre dan post-test design. Besar sampel yang digunakan yaitu 51 responden yang telah dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan lembar kuesioner HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale). Penelitian ini menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dengan taraf signifikan α = 0,05.  Didapatkan hasil data nilai rata-rata pre 17.86 dan nilai rata-rata post 6.24. Hasil uji menggunakan uji Wilcoxon didapatkan nilai p (0,000) < α (0,05), artinya H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh terapi tertawa terhadap kecemasan mahasiswa keperawatan semester I menjelang UAS di STIKes Buleleng.