bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthesis of Indolylquinoline Derivatives via the C‐Alkylation of Baylis—Hillman Adducts.
Authors: Ramesh Chintakunta , Kavala Veerababurao , Raju B. Rama , Kuo Chun‐Wei , Yao Ching‐Fa
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple One‐Pot Synthesis of Functionalized 6‐(Indol‐3‐yl)‐2,2′‐bipyridine Derivatives via Multicomponent Reaction under Neat Condition.
Authors: Thirumurugan Prakasam , Perumal Paramasivan T.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Microwave‐Assisted Facile Regioselective Fischer Indole Synthesis and Antitubercular Evaluation of Novel 2‐Aryl‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐thieno[3,2‐b]indoles.
Authors: Karthikeyan Subramanian Vedhanarayana , Perumal Subbu , Shetty Krithika Arun , Yogeeswari Perumal , Sriram Dharmarajan
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Unexpected Transformation of 3,4‐Bis(isocyanato)furoxan into 3,3′‐Bi(1,2,4‐oxadiazol‐5‐one).
Authors: Ovchinnikov Igor V. , Lyssenko Konstantin A. , Makhova Nina N.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Synthesis of 3,3′‐Methylenebis(2‐arylamino‐4H‐chromen‐4‐one) from C‐(4‐Oxo‐4H‐1‐benzopyran‐3‐yl)‐N‐arylnitrone.
Authors: Maiti Sourav , Panja Suman Kalyan , Bandyopadhyay Chandrakanta
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple Protocol for the Synthesis of a Piperidine‐2,6‐dione Framework from Baylis—Hillman Adducts.
Authors: Basavaiah Deevi , Lenin Dandamudi V. , Devendar Badugu
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preferential Reactivity of Pyridylmagnesiumchloride with N,N‐Dialkyl Arylamides over Carbonitriles: Synthesis of 2‐(Aroyl) Pyridines.
Authors: Rao G. Venkateswara , Swamy B. Narayana , Kumar P. Hareesh , Reddy G. Chandrasekara
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Some Novel 2,4‐Diaryl‐6‐(5‐methyl‐1‐p‐tolyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)pyridine Derivatives.
Authors: Cao Zi‐Ping , Dong Wang‐Jun , Dong Heng‐Shan
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Ir‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Exocyclic Enamines.
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Bing , Wang Da‐Wei , Lu Sheng‐Mei , Yu Chang‐Bin , Zhou Yong‐Gui
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Vicarious Nucleophilic Substitution in Nitro Derivatives of Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine.
Authors: Rahimizadeh Mohammad , Pordel Mehdi , Bakavoli Mehdi , Eshghi Hossein , Shiri Ali
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Concise Syntheses of Benzimidazo[2,1‐a]isoquinolines by a Microwave‐Accelerated Tandem Process.
Authors: Okamoto Noriko , Sakurai Keisuke , Ishikura Minoru , Takeda Kei , Yanada Reiko
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aza‐Diels—Alder Reactions with Lanthanide Triflates: Syntheses of Quinoline and Phenanthridine Derivatives.
Authors: Turhan Kadir , Pelit Emel , Turgut Zuhal
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: AgOTf‐Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of N′‐(2‐Alkynylbenzylidene)hydrazide with Alkyne.
Authors: Chen Zhiyuan , Yang Xiaodi , Wu Jie
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminoindanol‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Reactions of 3‐Hydroxy‐2‐pyridones.
Authors: Soh Julian Ying‐Teck , Tan Choon‐Hong
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Step Construction of 2‐Substituted‐4,6‐diazaindoles from Carboxylic Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Song Jinhua J. , Tan Zhulin , Reeves Jonathan T. , Fandrick Daniel R. , Lee Heewon , Yee Nathan K. , Senanayake Chris H.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis and Anticancer Activities of Hybrids of Indole and Barbituric Acids — Identification of Highly Promising Leads.
Authors: Singh Palwinder , Kaur Matinder , Verma Pooja
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Preparation of 8‐Trifluoromethyltetrahydro‐6H‐pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrazine‐6‐one.
Authors: Kothandaraman Shankaran , Guiadeen Deodialsingh , Butora Gabor , Doss George , Mills Sander G. , MacCoss Malcolm , Yang Lihu
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rh‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Olefin Hydroacylation: Enantioselective Synthesis of Seven‐ and Eight‐Membered Heterocycles.
Authors: Coulter Matthew M. , Dornan Peter K. , Dong Vy M.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cepaic Acid, a Novel Yellow Xanthylium Pigment from the Dried Outer Scales of the Yellow Onion Allium cepa.
Authors: Ito Yusai , Sugimoto Naoki , Akiyama Takumi , Yamazaki Takeshi , Tanamoto Kenichi
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mannich‐Type Three Component Condensation of α‐Substituted Caran‐4‐one Oximes with Formaldehyde and Secondary Amines.
Authors: Gorshkov Nikolay B. , Agafontsev Alexander M. , Gatilov Yurii V. , Tkachev Alexey V.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Fragilide E, a Novel Chlorinated 20‐Acetoxybriarane from the Gorgonian Coral Junceella fragilis
Authors: Sung Ping‐Jyun , Li Gung‐Ying , Chen Yu‐Pei , Huang I‐Chu , Chen Bo‐Yuan , Wang Su‐Hui , Huang Sheng‐Kai
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of Steroidal 2,5‐Diketopiperazines Based on Isocyanide Chemistry.
Authors: Bruttomesso Andrea C. , Eiras Javier , Ramirez Javier A. , Galagovsky Lydia R.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Transformation of Unprotected Sugars to Aryl 1‐Thio‐β‐glycosides in Aqueous Media Using 2‐Chloro‐1,3‐dimethylimidazolinium Chloride.
Authors: Tanaka Tomonari , Matsumoto Takeshi , Noguchi Masato , Kobayashi Atsushi , Shoda Shin‐ichiro
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Step Conversion of Unprotected Sugars to β‐Glycosyl Azides Using 2‐Chloroimidazolinium Salt in Aqueous Solution.
Authors: Tanaka Tomonari , Nagai Hikaru , Noguchi Masato , Kobayashi Atsushi , Shoda Shin‐ichiro
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Spicochalasin A and New Aspochalasins from the Marine‐Derived Fungus Spicaria elegans.
Authors: Lin Zhenjian , Zhu Tianjiao , Wei Hongjuan , Zhang Guojian , Wang Hui , Gu Qianqun
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Crown‐Capped Imidacloprid: A Novel Design and Insecticidal Activity.
Authors: Kagabu Shinzo , Takagi Masaru , Ohno Ikuya , Mikawa Tsuyoshi , Miyamoto Toru
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Single‐Source Precursors for Nanocrystalline LED Phosphors M2Si5N8:Eu2+ (M: Sr, Ba).
Authors: Zeuner Martin , Schmidt Peter J. , Schnick Wolfgang
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Potent and Selective α1A Adrenoceptor Partial Agonists — Novel Imidazole Frameworks.
Authors: Whitlock Gavin A. , Brennan Paul E. , Roberts Lee R. , Stobie Alan
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Improving Permanent Magnetic Properties of Rapidly Solidified Nanophase RE—TM—B Alloys by Compositional Modification
Authors: Liu Z. W. , Liu Yan , Deheri P. K. , Ramanujan R. V. , Davies H. A.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Current Research on Artificial Arsenic Sulfide Pigments in Artworks: A Short Review
Authors: Grundmann Guenter , Richter Mark
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc‐Centered Salen Complexes: Versatile and Accessible Supramolecular Building Motifs
Authors: Kleij Arjan W.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Boryl Ligands and Their Roles in Metal‐Catalyzed Borylation Reactions
Authors: Dang Li , Lin Zhenyang , Marder Todd B.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral 1,2‐Disubstituted Ferrocene Diphosphines for Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Blaser Hans‐Ulrich , Chen Weiping , Camponovo Francesco , Togni Antonio
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Other Symmetric 1,1′‐Bidentate Ferrocene Ligands
Authors: Siemeling Ulrich
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of P‐Stereogenic Phosphorus Compounds Based on Chiral Amino Alcohols as Chiral Auxiliary
Authors: Darcel Christophe , Uziel Jacques , Juge Sylvain
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Micelle‐Based Chiral P‐Ligands
Authors: Oehme Guenther , Dwars Torsten
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Planar Chiral Phosphaferrocene‐Based Ligands
Authors: Ganter Christian
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Axial Chiral Diphosphines: Atropisomeric Biaryl Diphosphine Ligands
Authors: Shimizu Hideo , Nagasaki Izuru , Sayo Noboru , Saito Takao
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phospholes, Phospholenes, Phospholanes and Phosphinanes
Authors: Shang Gao , Zhang Xumu
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Monophosphinites, ‐Aminophosphinites, ‐Phosphonites, ‐Phosphites and ‐Phosphoramidites
Authors: Bruneau Christian , Renaud Jean‐Luc
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: P‐Ligands with Additional Functional Groups: Concepts of Secondary Interactions and Hemilability
Authors: Andrushko Vasyl , Andrushko Natalia , Boerner Armin
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation, Chemistry and Structure of Organomagnesium Species in Solvent‐Free Environments
Authors: O'Hair Richard A. J.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Controlling Regio‐ and Stereochemistry in Metal‐Catalyzed and Metal‐Mediated Reactions with the Aid of Substrate‐Bound Reagent‐Directing Phosphine Groups
Authors: Breit Bernhard
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ferrocene‐Based Diphosphines with Mixed Planar and Central Chirality
Authors: Chen Weiping , Blaser Hans‐Ulrich
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of Sewage Sludge to Biosolids
Authors: Amuda Omotayo S. , Deng An , Alade Abass O. , Hung Yung‐Tse
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Analytical Aspects of Organomagnesium Compounds
Authors: Zabicky Jacob
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Neues Verfahren zur schnellen und schonenden Erhitzung von verpackten Lebensmitteln: Hochfrequenzerhitzung im Wasserbad
Authors: Felke K. , Pfeiffer T. , Eisner P.
Published: September 2009

Die direkte Erhitzung von Lebensmitteln in elektrischen Hochfrequenzfeldern ermöglicht es, Aufheizzeiten von verpackten Lebensmitteln deutlich zu verkürzen und den Frischeeindruck der Produkte im Vergleich zur konventionellen Erhitzung erheblich zu verbessern. Das vorgestellte Verfahren kombiniert den Einsatz von elektrischen Hochfrequenzfeldern mit entionisiertem Wasser als dielektrisches Koppelmedium. Versuche mit unterschiedlichen Verpackungsformen und Lebensmitteln bestätigen ein breites Anwendungspotenzial.
Herstellung und Eigenschaften von extrudierten Wood‐Plastic Composites mit Refinerfasern (Thermomechanical Pulp‐Fasern)
Authors: Schirp A. , Stender J.
Published: September 2009

Refinerfasern (Thermomechanical Pulp‐Fasern, Holzfaserstoff) stellen aufgrund ihrer Verfügbarkeit, ihrer technischen Eigenschaften und in ökonomischer Hinsicht eine interessante Rohstoffalternative für das derzeit als Füllstoff in Wood‐Plastic Composites (WPC; Holz‐Polymer‐Werkstoffe) verwendete Holzmehl dar, die jedoch bisher aufgrund der schwierigen Dosierbarkeit nicht erschlossen wurde. In diesem Forschungsprojekt wurde zunächst ein Compoundierungsprozess für Refinerfasern entwickelt, der die Dosierbarkeit der Fasern gewährleistet und die Faserstruktur erhält. Das Compound wurde in einer Heiz‐Pflugscharmischer‐Kaskade hergestellt und über ein Stopfwerk einem konischen, gegenläufigen Doppelschneckenextruder zugeführt. Es wurde festgestellt, dass WPC mit Robinien‐Refinerfasern bessere Festigkeitseigenschaften aufweisen als WPC mit Kiefern‐Refinerfasern. Da Kiefernfasern (Tracheiden; 4,5 mm Länge) länger sind als Robinienfasern (Libriformfasern; 1 mm Länge), ist ersichtlich, dass die Faserlänge keinen Einfluss auf die Festigkeitseigenschaften der WPC hat. Unklar ist jedoch zurzeit noch der Einfluss des Schlankheitsgrades, d. h. des Verhältnisses von Länge zu Durchmesser der Holzfaserstoffe, auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften der Komposite. Die Extraktstoffe, z. B. Tannine, in Robinie und die während des Aufschlusses erfolgende Beschichtung der Refinerfasern mit Lignin scheinen die Kopplung von Holz und Polypropylen zu verbessern.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazoles as Iodide Efflux Inhibitors in Thyrocytes
Authors: Lecat‐Guillet Nathalie , Ambroise Yves
Published: September 2009

The Na+/I− symporter (NIS) mediates iodide uptake in the thyroid gland as well as in other NIS‐expressing cells. This transport is the basis for an emerging approach to selective cancer cell destruction by using radioiodide after targeted NIS gene transfer. Therapeutic efficacy requires that radioiodide retention be maximized in tumor cells. A first generation of forty imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazole derivatives as iodide efflux inhibitors is described along with the evaluation of their biological properties. Structure–activity relationship studies by using radioiodide uptake in rat thyroid‐derived cells (FRTL5) revealed that the 5,6‐dihydroimidazo[2,1‐b]thiazole heterocycle is required for activity. Introduction of electron‐donor substituents on the 3‐biphenyl moiety led to the discovery of novel potent compounds. A compound was identified with enhanced potency compared to reference 1. These molecules give the possibility to increase the cellular retention of radioiodide in NIS‐expressing tumors, leading to higher absorbed doses and killing efficacy.
Association between oxidized LDL, obesity and type 2 diabetes in a population‐based cohort, the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study
Authors: Njajou Omer T. , Kanaya Alka M. , Holvoet Paul , Connelly Stephanie , Strotmeyer Elsa S. , Harris Tamara B. , Cummings Steve R. , Hsueh Wen‐Chi
Published: September 2009

Background

Accumulating evidence suggests a cross‐sectional association between oxidative stress and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Systemic oxidative stress, as measured by oxidized LDL (oxLDL), has been correlated with visceral fat. We examined the relationship between oxLDL, and T2D‐ and obesity‐related traits in a bi‐racial sample of 2985 subjects at baseline and after 7 years of follow‐up.

Methods

We examined six T2D‐related traits (T2D status, HbA1c, fasting glucose, insulin, adiponectin and HOMA‐IR) as well as six obesity‐related traits (obesity status, BMI, leptin, % body fat, visceral and subcutaneous fat mass) using logistic and linear regression models.

Results

In all subjects at baseline, oxLDL was positively associated with T2D (OR = 1.3, 95% CI:1.1–1.5), fasting glucose (ß = 0.03 ± 0.006), HbA1c (ß = 0.02 ± 0.004), fasting insulin (ß = 0.12 ± 0.02), HOMA‐IR (ß = 0.13 ± 0.02) and negatively with adiponectin (ß = −0.16 ± 0.03), (all p < 0.001). The strength and magnitude of these associations did not differ much between blacks and whites. In both blacks and whites, oxLDL was also associated with obesity (OR = 1.3, 95% CI:1.1–1.4) and three of its related traits (ß = 0.60 ± 0.14 for BMI, ß = 0.74 ± 0.17 for % body fat, ß = 0.29 ± 0.06 for visceral fat; all p < 0.001). Furthermore, of four traits measured after 7 years of follow‐up (fasting glucose, HbA1c, BMI and % fat), their relationship with oxLDL was similar to baseline observations. No significant association was found between oxLDL and incident T2D. Interestingly, oxLDL was significantly associated with % change in T2D‐ and obesity‐related traits in whites but not in blacks.

Conclusion/Interpretation

Our data suggest that systemic oxidative stress may be a novel risk factor for T2D and obesity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
2,11‐Dialkylated 1,12‐Diazaperylene Copper(I) Complexes: First Supramolecular Column Assemblies by π‐π Stacking between Homoleptic Tetrahedral Metal Complexes, Exhibiting Low‐Energy MLCT Transitions
Authors: Kammer Stefan , Kelling Alexandra , Baier Heiko , Mickler Wulfhard , Dosche Carsten , Rurack Knut , Kapp Andreas , Lisdat Fred , Holdt Hans‐Jürgen
Published: September 2009

2,11‐Dialkylated 1,12‐diazaperylenes (alkyl = Me, Et, iPr) dmedap, detdap and dipdap have been synthesized by reductive cyclization of 3,3′‐dialkylated 1,1′‐biisoquinolines 3a–c, resulting in the first copper(I) complexes of a “large‐surface” ligand. The new copper(I) complexes show low‐energy MLCT absorptions unprecedented for bis(α‐diimin)copper(I) complexes. The solid structures of the complexes[Cu(dipdap)2]BF4·CH2Cl2·1.5H2O, [Cu(dipdap)2]OTf·CH2Cl2, [Cu(dipdap)2]I·C2H4Cl2·THF·2H2O, [Cu(dmedap)2]OTf and [Cu(dipdap)2]AQSO3·H2O (AQSO3 = sodium 9,10‐dihydro‐9,10‐dioxo‐2‐anthracenesulfonate) are reported. In [Cu(dipdap)2]BF4·CH2Cl2·1.5H2O, each copper(I) complex cation interacts with two others by π‐π stacking interactions forming a novel supramolecular column structural motif running along the crystallographic c axis. In the crystalline compound [Cu(dipdap)2]AQSO3·H2O, aggregation between two complex cations and two additional anions by π‐π stacking interactions is observed, leading to a tetrameric assembly. Furthermore, the three complex compounds [Cu(L)2]BF4 (L = dmedap, detdap, dipdap) were tested for sensory applications in aqueous buffer solutions in electrochemical studies of the complex immobilized on glassy carbon electrodes. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Probing the Oxidation of Functionalized (Hexahydro)xanthenols
Authors: Sahin Hülya , Nieger Martin , Bräse Stefan
Published: September 2009

The oxidation of (hexahydro)xanthenols was investigated in terms of substrate spectrum and reaction conditions: Depending on the structure, diaryl ethers, biaryls or quinone acetals were formed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Viscous flows in corner regions: Singularities and hidden eigensolutions
Authors: Sprittles James E. , Shikhmurzaev Yulii D.
Published: September 2009

Numerical issues arising in computations of viscous flows in corners formed by a liquid–fluid free surface and a solid boundary are considered. It is shown that on the solid a Dirichlet boundary condition, which removes multivaluedness of velocity in the ‘moving contact‐line problem’ and gives rise to a logarithmic singularity of pressure, requires a certain modification of the standard finite‐element method. This modification appears to be insufficient above a certain critical value of the corner angle where the numerical solution becomes mesh‐dependent. As shown, this is due to an eigensolution, which exists for all angles and becomes dominant for the supercritical ones. A method of incorporating the eigensolution into the numerical method is described that makes numerical results mesh‐independent again. Some implications of the unavoidable finiteness of the mesh size in practical applications of the finite‐element method in the context of the present problem are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Materials management at the Gotthard Base Tunnel – experience from 15 years of construction
Authors: Lieb Rupert H.
Published: September 2009

The management of the handling of approximately 25 m tonnes of spoil material from the Gotthard Base Tunnel was and still is an enormous challenge. A permit system for concrete mixes and continuous testing of the excavated raw material and the grading of the broken rock ensure that as much spoil material as possible can be reused for the production of high‐quality concretes and shotcretes for the construction of the tunnel.

Although a generous margin has been applied to forecasts in materials management since the start of the project, extensive alterations were necessary to the plans and facilities for materials management to deal with the actual development of the project. The main reasons for this were changes to the schedule of material production and requirements and changes of material quantities within and between the individual sections. It has proved possible so far to avoid materials management becoming a factor holding back the performance.

Die Bewirtschaftung der rund 25 Mio. Tonnen Ausbruchmaterial des Gotthard‐Basistunnels war und ist eine enorme Herausforderung. Ein Zulassungssystem für Betonrezepturen sowie laufende Prüfungen am ausgebrochenen Rohmaterial und den aufbereiteten Gesteinskörnungen stellen sicher, dass möglichst viel Ausbruchmaterial wiederverwertet wird und damit hochwertige Betone und Spritzbetone für den Tunnelbau hergestellt werden. Obwohl seit Projektbeginn in der Materialbewirtschaftung mit großzügigen Prognosebandbreiten gearbeitet wurde, waren aufgrund der tatsächlichen Projektentwicklung umfangreiche Anpassungen an den Konzepten und Anlagen der Materialbewirtschaftung erforderlich. Die Hauptgründe dafür sind zeitliche Verschiebungen von Materialanfall und ‐bedarf sowie Veränderungen der Materialmengen innerhalb und zwischen den einzelnen Teilabschnitten. Bisher ist es gelungen die Materialbewirtschaftung nicht zum leistungsbestimmenden Faktor werden zu lassen.
Experience with the real time grouting control method
Authors: Stille Björn , Stille Håkan , Gustafson Gunnar , Kobayashi Shinji
Published: September 2009

A new concept of “real time grouting control method” is described by which grout penetration and grouting control are made applicable in real time by applying theories for grout spread. The stop criterion with this method can be related to achieved grout spread, and grouting may be considered complete when the grout penetration for the smallest fracture to be sealed is above a predetermined target value, or before the grout penetration for the largest fracture aperture reaches a certain maximum limiting value. It might also be possible by online monitoring of the process to predict the course of the grout spread and flow and to analyse the risk of uplift and jacking. Four tunnel projects in Sweden are presented in the paper. These references indicate that the real time grouting control method may be applicable to real grouting design and control.

Nachfolgend wird ein neues Konzept einer “Echtzeit Kontrollmethode für Injektionen” beschrieben, das für das Eindringen von Injektionsgut im Fels und für die Prozesskontrolle neuartige theoretische Überlegungen zur Ausbreitung des Injektionsguts im Untergrund ansetzt. Das Abbruchkriterium kann mit dieser Methode auf die erreichte Ausbreitung bezogen werden. Die Injektion kann danach dann als abgeschlossen angesehen werden, wenn die Verfüllung der kleinsten zu behandelnden Kluft ein vorgegebenes Maß überschritten hat oder bevor die Verfüllung der größten zu behandelnden Kluft einen vorgegebenen Maximalwert erreicht. Mit dieser Methode kann bis zu einem gewissen Grad auch der Verlauf, die Rate und die Ausbreitung von Injektionsgut vorhergesagt werden. Weiterhin kann analysiert werden, wann das Risiko von örtlichen oder generellen Hebungen eintritt. Vier Schwedische Tunnelprojekte dienen in diesem Beitrag als Beispiele der Anwendung dieser Kontrollmethode. Diese Referenzen sollen auch zeigen, dass die Methode praxistauglich ist.
Harter Plateau tramway – Tunnelling under the tracks of the Linz main station
Authors: Eder Manfred , Bauer Manfred , Pühringer Friedrich
Published: September 2009

The local transport hub including a tram tunnel under the Linz main station was constructed from 2001 to 2004 as part of the intensive improvement of public transport in the city. As a logical extension of this project, tramline 3 belonging to Linz Linien GmbH was extended to the so‐called Harter Plateau with a total length of 5.3 km. The route runs underground for a length of 1.3 km, mostly under the tracks of the Linz main station. The surface route connects the town of Leonding to the southwest of Linz, with eight new stops. The main emphasis of this article is the underground tunnel sections.

Im Rahmen des intensiven Ausbaus des öffentlichen Personennahverkehrs in der Stadt Linz wurde in den Jahren 2001 bis 2004 die Nahverkehrsdrehscheibe Linz mit der Straßenbahnunterfahrung des Hauptbahnhofs realisiert. Als logische Fortsetzung dieses Projekts wird im Zeitraum 2008 bis 2011 die Straßenbahnlinie 3 der Linz Linien GmbH über eine Gesamtlänge von 5,3 km auf das so genannte Harter Plateau verlängert. Über eine Länge von 1,3 km wird die Trasse unterirdisch im Wesentlichen unter den Gleisanlagen des Linzer Hauptbahnhofs geführt. Die Linienführung an der Oberfläche erschließt über acht neue Haltestellen die Stadt Leonding im Südwesten von Linz. Den Schwerpunkt des Beitrags bilden die in geschlossener Bauweise zu errichtenden Tunnelabschnitte.
Lainzer Tunnel lot LT31 – tunnelling with side wall drifts in Vienna
Authors: Goldberger Harald , Stärk Alfred
Published: September 2009

Tunnelling in inner‐city areas demands a high level of safety and represents a great challenge for the responsible engineers. The challenges increase with the cross‐sectional area of the excavation, with the density of building on the surface and with deteriorating quality of the geology, and are thus considerable for twotrack rail tunnel in the 12th and 13th districts of Vienna. The lot LT31 “Maxing” of the Lainzer Tunnel met this increased demand through tunnelling with side wall drifts. On account of the splitting of the project into two neighbouring lots, the lot LT31 can only be entered through two starting shafts. This results in enormous space restriction and difficulties having to be taken into account, particularly in the initial phase. It proved possible to make up construction delays by adapting the side wall drifts method in the form of a “parallel drive”. The present report explains special features and difficulties, which have arisen in the course of tunnelling.

Tunnelbau im innerstädtischen Bereich ist von einem hohen Sicherheitsniveau geprägt und stellt für die beteiligten Ingenieure eine große Herausforderung dar. Dabei steigen die Anforderungen mit der Größe der Ausbruchsfläche, mit dem Grad der oberirdischen Bebauung sowie mit abnehmender Qualität der Geologie und sind bei diesem zweigleisigen Eisenbahntunnel im 12. und 13. Wiener Gemeindebezirk naturgemäß beachtlich. Das Baulos LT31 “Maxing” des Lainzer Tunnels trägt diesem erhöhten Anspruch in Form eines Ulmenstollenvortriebs Rechnung. Aufgrund der Projektaufteilung zwischen zwei benachbarten Baulosen ist das Los LT31 nur über zwei Startschächte zugänglich. Dadurch ergeben sich besonders für die Startphase der Vortriebe und für die Versorgung enorme Platzprobleme und Erschwernisse, die berücksichtigt werden müssen. Zeitliche Verzögerungen bei der Ausführung konnten durch eine Anpassung des Ulmenstollenvortriebs in Form eines “Parallelvortriebs” wieder egalisiert werden. Der vorliegende Bericht erläutert Besonderheiten und Schwierigkeiten, die im Zuge der Herstellung aufgetreten sind.
Contract LT33 Hofjagdstrasse – the central section of the Lainzer Tunnel
Authors: Czopak Karl , Neumüller Ekkehart
Published: September 2009

The 3,500 m long section is part of the new railway line and was tunnelled in accordance with the New Austrian Tunnelling Method. There are five emergency exits in the section. Four emergency exits lead along a branch tunnel and a shaft into the open air and the one in the Lainzer Zoo leads directly to the open air as an adit. The two‐track running tunnel and the crosscuts were driven from the shaft in Hofjagdstrasse next to the B1. Only absolutely essential works for the construction of the emergency exit shafts were carried out on the surface. The tunnel drive was through flysch rocks consisting of seasonal layers of marl, limestone and claystone and was excavated by hydraulic excavator loosened by blasting. In the sections under built‐up areas, great emphasis was placed on the continuous monitoring of rock mass deformation and surface settlements. The continuous monitoring of vibration measurements and noise emissions caused by tunnelling was also of great importance and determined the sequence of work underground. After completion of the tunnelling work, the concrete works were carried out using two mobile steel formwork units. The internal works to the emergency shafts were carried out in parallel, so that the contract section can be handed over for the subsequent equipment and track works from the middle of 2010.

Der 3.500 m lange Abschnitt ist ein Teil der neu errichteten Eisenbahnstrecke und wurde in geschlossener Bauweise nach der Neuen Österreichischen Tunnelbauweise aufgefahren. In diesem Streckenabschnitt sind fünf Notausstiege situiert. Vier Notausstiege führen über einen abzweigenden Stollen mit einem Schacht ins Freie, ein Notausstieg im Lainzer Tiergarten führt als Stollen direkt an die Oberfläche. Der Vortrieb des zweigleisigen Tunnels und der Stollen wurde über den Schacht Hofjagdstraße neben der B1 aufgefahren. An der Oberfläche wurden nur die notwendigsten Arbeiten für die Herstellung der Notausstiegsschächte durchgeführt. Der Vortrieb erfolgte in Flyschgesteinen aus einer Wechselfolge von Mergel, Kalk und Tonsteinen als Baggervortrieb unter zu Hilfenahme von Lockerungssprengungen. In Streckenabschnitten mit Bebauung kam der laufenden Überwachung der Gebirgsverformungen und der Oberflächensetzungen große Bedeutung zu. Ebenso war die laufende Überwachung der Erschütterungswerte und der Lärmemissionen aus dem Vortrieb von großer Wichtigkeit und bestimmend für den Ablauf der Arbeiten unter Tage. Nach Fertigstellung der Vortriebsarbeiten wurden die Betonierarbeiten mittels zweier Stahlschalwagen durchgeführt. Parallel dazu wurden die Ausbauarbeiten an den Notausstiegen vorgenommen, sodass ab Mitte 2010 das Baulos für die nachfolgenden Ausrüstungs‐ und Gleisbauarbeiten übergeben werden kann.
Improvement of karstified rock through the example of the Irlahüll Tunnel on the new railway line Nuremberg – Ingolstadt
Authors: Reichl Ignaz , Seegers Jörg , Lotter Michael , Prosser Matthias
Published: September 2009

In the Irlahüll Tunnel section to Ingolstadt, the high‐speed rail route Nuremberg‐Ingolstadt‐Munich passes through limestone and dolomite with pronounced karst character. Various karst structures were encountered during the driving of the Irlahüll Tunnel. These were classified into four karst types. In order to activate the load‐bearing effect of the ring of rock around the tunnel, karst structures had to be stabilised. The required thickness of the treatment was determined by structural calculations. Four specialised civil engineering contractors carried the work out.

The challenge was to appropriately stabilise slightly‐to strongly‐jointed rock, heterogeneously interspersed with karstification structures. The treatment ranged from filling cavities to grouting loose material and rock. The karst structures were stabilised according to karst type, with materials ranging from cement suspension to concrete. The karstified rock mass was systematically drilled, each individual borehole was geologically evaluated and, where required, further investigated by inserting a camera. The quantity, strength and pressure of the grout used were evaluated continuously by the team of experts for the site supervision and appropriate further steps were decided. The success of the stabilisation was demonstrated through quality control drillings and control grouting. The improvement of the rock mass was achieved to the required degree.

Die Eisenbahn‐Schnellfahrstrecke Nürnberg‐Ingolstadt‐München durchfährt im Streckenabschnitt Tunnel Irlahüll bis Ingolstadt stark verkarstungsfähige Kalk‐ und Dolomitsteine. Beim Vortrieb des Tunnels Irlahüll wurden verschiedene Verkarstungsstrukturen aufgefahren, die in vier Karsttypen klassifiziert wurden. Um den Gebirgstragring im Nahbereich des Tunnels zu aktivieren, mussten die Verkarstungsstrukturen vergütet werden. Die erforderliche Mächtigkeit der Vergütung wurde durch statische Berechnungen festgelegt. Vier Spezialtiefbaufirmen führten die Arbeiten durch.

Die Herausforderung war, das mit Verkarstungsstrukturen heterogen durchsetzte, wenig bis stark geklüftete Gebirge, entsprechend zu vergüten. Die Bandbreite reichte von Hohlraumverfüllungen über Lockermaterial‐ bis zu Felsinjektionen. Die Vergütung der Karststrukturen erfolgte je nach Karsttyp mit Zementsuspension bis Beton. Das verkarstete Gebirge wurde systematisch abgebohrt, jede einzelne Bohrung geotechnisch bewertet und im Bedarfsfall durch eine Kamerabefahrung vertiefend erkundet. Die eingesetzten Injektionsmengen, ‐güter und ‐drücke wurden durch das Expertenteam der Örtlichen Bauaufsicht laufend ausgewertet und die weiteren Schritte entsprechend festgelegt. Die Qualität der Vergütung wurde mittels Kontrollbohrungen und Kontrollinjektionen nachgewiesen. Das Gebirge konnte im geforderten Maß vergütet werden.