bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk Management in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises: An Empirical Analysis of SMEs Dried Fish in Bengkulu Province
Authors: Sukiyono Ketut , Rhomdon Muhamad Mustopa , Nabiu Musriyadi , Windirah Nola
Published: January 2023

Highlight Research

Most businesses, including dried fish processing, are decided and conducted under conditions of uncertainty
Each type of fish that is processed has different risks, both in terms of the source, level, and impact of the risk
Fish processing SMEs in Bengkulu Province face moderate business risk on all sources of risk, except production risk
Three important strategies to prevent high production risk, namely, the formation of joint business groups, the introduction of business risk insurance, and the downstream processing of processed dried fish products

 
Abstract
Every business always faces risks, including micro, small, and medium enterprises processing dried fish. Thus, it is crucial to examine the risk's sources, impacts, and response to risk. This research aimed to analyze the risk management process by identifying the risk sources, analyze the probabilities and risk effects, and design alternative strategies to prevent and control business risk that might be faced by MSMEs dried fish in Bengkulu Province. A total of 273 dried fish processing MSMEs were surveyed and interviewed. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and risk management approach. The main risk faced by dried fish producers was the production, included the raw material availability, input prices, and output prices. Each type of dried fish had different probability of risk occurrence where Kerong, Teri, and Gaguk had a high probability of risk occurrence despite their low impact on the scarcity of raw material availability. Moreover, Teri, Kepala Batu, and Bleberan had a high probability and impact risk in the input price. Considering the output price, only Kepala Batu is observed to have the probability and risk impact. Three strategies were designed to prevent and control risk, namely the establishment of joint business groups, introduction of business risk insurance, and downstream processing of dried fish products. SME fish processing does not encounter significant business risks. All risk sources are still regarded as moderate, with the exception of the production risk, which has a high-risk level.
Effect of Aquaculture Wastewater And Zarrouk in Increasing Biomass, Protein, and Carotenoids levels of Spirulina platensis
Authors: Taqiyyah Anisa Millah , Risjani Yenny , Prihanto Asep Awaludin , Yanuhar Uun , Fadjar Mohammad
Published: January 2023

Highlight Research

S. platensis has been analyzed for its productivity.
Analysis of the productivity of S. platensis on the use of fish culture wastewater media.
S. platensis production can be increased by aquaculture wastewater.
Aquaculture wastewater enhances the production of cell density, SGR, biomass, protein, and carotenoid of S. platensis.

Abstract
Increased productivity of Spirulina sp. in the form of high protein, carotenoids, and biomass content can be achieved by improving its nutrient supply. Inorganic fertilizers are nutrient sources, which are generally used in the culture of this organism on laboratory and industrial scale, but there are several drawbacks, including their high costs and limited availability. Several studies have also reported the use of zarrouk fertilizer as a standard culture medium for Spirulina platensis. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect and the best concentration of fish culture wastewater treatment in Spirulina platensis culture using biomass, protein content, and carotenoid pigments as indicators. A two-factorial completely randomized designs (CRD) was used in this study, where the factors include the dose of organic waste and Zarrouk fertilizer. The microalgae samples, namely S. platensis were cultured using fresh water. This research consists of two factors. The first factor is the dose of organic waste, and the second factor is the dose of Zarrouk fertilizer. The wastewater treatment consisted of 0, 2, 4, and 6 ml/L, while Zarrouk dosages include 0, 0.5, and 1 ml/L. The best results were obtained from the sample treated with 6 ml/L aquaculture wastewater without the addition of Zarrouk. Furthermore, this treatment gave biomass production of 0.781 g/L, 50.441% protein, and 1.246 mg/L carotenoids. Based on the results, S. platensis culture can be carried out using fish culture wastewater without the addition of Zarrouk fertilizer.
The Role of Omega-3/Omega-6 Ratio on Appetite in Pulmonary Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Jayaatmaja Fattrias Handayani , Manikam Nurul Ratna Mutu , Permadhi Inge , Sawitri Neni , Rahayu Budi , Nurwidya Fariz , Wibowo Adityo
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels, pro-inflammatory cytokines that suppress appetite, were discovered to be much higher in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) than in drug-sensitive TB. Research on the omega-3/omega-6 (ꞷ-3/ꞷ-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) intake, which can support appetite in patients with MDR-TB, has never been performed. This study aimed to examine the relationship between ꞷ-3/ꞷ-6 PUFAs intake ratio and appetite mediated by TNF-α in pulmonary MDR-TB patients.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 46 male and female adults with MDR-TB undergoing intensive phase therapy. Data were collected through questionnaires, 1x24 hours food recall, anthropometric measurements, 100 mm visual analogue appetite scale, and venous blood collection.
Results: Correlation analysis used the Pearson and Spearman tests. The findings revealed the ratio of ꞷ-3/ꞷ-6 PUFAs intake of 0.11 ± 0.05, the median value of TNF-α 7.49(1.66-447.62) pg/mL, and an average appetite of 58.72 ± 26.7. There was no relationship between ꞷ-3/ꞷ-6 PUFAs intake ratio and TNF-α (r = 0.016; p = 0.91), likewise between ꞷ-3/ꞷ-6 PUFAs intake ratio with appetite (r = -0.1; p = 0.54), but there was a relationship between TNF-α and appetite (r = 0.031; p = 0.04).
Conclusion: There was no relationship between ꞷ-3/ꞷ-6 PUFAs intake ratio and TNF-α and appetite in pulmonary MDR-TB patients. However, there was a relationship between TNF-α and appetite. This study is the first to determine the correlation between ꞷ-3/ꞷ-6 PUFAs intake ratio and appetite in pulmonary MDR-TB patients.
Effects of plasma acid on rat uterine tissue in vitro
Authors: Salmin V. V. , Perevertov T. A. , Muradyan G. A. , Gudkova E. S. , Epova A. S. , Kutyakov V. A. , Lychkovskaya E. V. , Chekisheva T. N. , Semichev E. V. , Malinovskaya N. A. , Medvedeva N. N. , Makarenko T. A. , Salmina A. B.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of plasma acid on the uterine tissue of laboratory animals in vitro.

Materials and methods. Treatment of dimethyl sulfoxide – water solution and water for injections with a spark discharge in air resulted in a decrease in pH, which contributed to generation of plasma acid in the solutions. We incubated uterine tissues in vitro in plasma acid at room temperature for 30 minutes. The treated tissues were examined histologically and immunohistochemically.

Results. We showed that plasma acid had pronounced biological activity. Immunohistochemistry was used to show that, depending on the type of a solution, plasma acid altered generation of nitrosative damage products (3-NT) and oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG) and modulated the number of cells with high proliferative potential (including CD133+ cells) and production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). These effects contributed to the general cytotoxicity of plasma acid solutions.

Conclusion. During 30-minute exposure in vitro, plasma acid prepared from the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) – water mixture exhibits various biological effects in uterine tissue samples obtained from experimental animals. Plasma-treated water exerts cytotoxic effects associated with oxidative DNA damage and promotes induction of pro-angiogenic activity in the uterine tissue. Plasma-treated DMSO does not have a cytotoxic effect. It inhibits cell proliferation, reducing the population of CD133+ cells and VEGF production in the tissue.
Genetic factors contributing to a severe course of pneumonia: a systematic review
Authors: Karnaushkina M. A. , Sviridov P. S. , Korchagin V. I. , Salamaikina S. A. , Vasilyeva I. S. , Litvinova M. M. , Vatsik-Gorodetskaya M. V.
Published: January 2023

The article presents a systematic review of publications devoted to the study of genetic markers of severe pneumonia.

The aim of the study was to compile a list of genetic markers that contribute to a severe course of pneumonia on the basis of the published data.

In the current study, we searched for and analyzed articles published between January 2000 and April 2021. Following the search for and subsequent selection of articles, a list of 10 publications was compiled, which demonstrated a clear association of certain gene variants with severe and complicated pneumonia. Finally, we made a list of genetic markers of severe pneumonia consisting of 16 polymorphisms in 12 genes (CD86, IL6, IL10, PAI1, TNFα, HMGB1, ATG16L1, AGTR1, GCLC, CAT, IFNγ, FCGR2A).

These genetic markers of severe and complicated pneumonia are responsible for various innate immune responses. The odds ratio for complicated pneumonia with a risk allele in the polymorphisms in the mentioned genes ranges from 1.39 to 4.28. To understand molecular and genetic mechanisms of severe pneumonia, further investigation of the effect of these genetic factors on the outcomes of pneumonia in different groups of patients with a simultaneous assessment of the cumulative effect of genetic variants and genetic interactions is required.
Features of the cytogram and cytokine profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in experimental metabolic syndrome
Authors: Voronkova O. V. , Birulina J. G. , Ivanov V. V. , Buyko E. E. , Esimova I. E. , Grigorieva A. V. , Osikhov I. A. , Chernyshov N. A. , Motlokhova E. A.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the study was to identify the features of the cellular composition and cytokine profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in rats in a model of diet-induced metabolic syndrome.

Materials and methods. In an experiment on animals (rats), a model of metabolic syndrome (MS) induced by a high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet was reproduced. To assess the viability of the reproduced model, biochemical and morphometric methods were used, such as measurement of body weight, specific gravity of liver and visceral fat, and blood pressure, determination of glucose concentration in the blood (including a glucose tolerance test), as well as determination of blood lipid parameters. To assess the intensity of the inflammatory response in the blood, the concentration of total protein, the total number of leukocytes, and the levels of immunocytokines (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1) were determined. Open bronchoalveolar lavage was performed on the isolated heart – lung complex. The concentration of protein, immunocytokines (IL-6, IL-10, TNFα, MCP-1), the total number of leukocytes, and the ratio of their morphological types were determined in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).

Results. In animals with MS, an increase in the total number of leukocytes in the blood due to granulocytes and a rise in the concentration of protein, TNFα, and IL-10 were revealed compared with the parameters in the controls. BALF analysis revealed an increase in the concentration of protein, the total number of leukocytes, and the absolute number of alveolar macrophages, neutrophil granulocytes, and lymphocytes. The levels of IL-6 and MCP-1 were more than 1.5 times higher.

Conclusion. Changes in the qualitative and quantitative parameters of BALF are inflammatory in nature and are formed during a systemic inflammatory response accompanying metabolic disorders in modeling MS in rats in the experiment.
Molecular mechanisms of inflammation in the pathogenesis of respiratory disorders in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Dyakova M. Ye. , Serebryanaya N. B. , Kiryukhina L. D. , Esmedlyaeva D. S. , Yablonskiy P. K.
Published: January 2023

Aim. To assess external respiration (ER) and its relationship with the activity of enzymes involved in purine metabolism in patients with acute and chronic forms of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).

Materials and methods. In patients with acute and chronic TB, we assessed the activity of adenosine deaminase (ADA)-1, 2 in the blood serum (eADA), mononuclear cells, and neutrophils, the concentration of ecto-5’-nucleotidase (eNT5E) in the blood serum, the level of CD26 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4, DPPIV) in the blood serum and mononuclear cells, production of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI) in mononuclear cells and neutrophils, as well as parameters of ER.

Results. Patients with TB were found to have an increase in the concentration of eNT5E and eADA-2 activity in the blood serum, stimulated production of ROI in neutrophils, a decrease in the concentration of DPPIV (CD26) in mononuclear cells, and a fall in the production of RNI in mononuclear cells and neutrophils. In patients with chronic TB, a decrease in the activity of ADA-1 in mononuclear cells and a fall in the concentration of DPPIV (CD26) in the blood serum were noted. In patients with acute TB, a decrease in the activity of eADA-1 in the blood serum and ADA-1 in neutrophils, reduced production of ROI in mononuclear cells, and an increase in spontaneous production of ROI in neutrophils were revealed. Correlations were found between the parameters of ER and the concentration of eNT5E in the blood serum, spontaneous production of ROI in mononuclear cells and production of RNI in neutrophils in chronic TB, as well as between eADA-2 in the blood serum, ADA-1 in neutrophils, DPPIV (CD26) activity in mononuclear cells, and ROI and RNI production in mononuclear cells and neutrophils.

Conclusion. The data obtained make it possible to associate regulation of external respiration with parameters of purine metabolism, in particular with the concentration and activity of enzymes responsible for generation and metabolism of adenosine, that determine its level outside cells and inside mononuclear cells and neutrophils, with expression of cofactor molecules, as well as with the duration of activation of cells in innate immunity, neutrophils, and monocytes/ macrophages, determined largely by the potential of adenosine regulation.
La pharmacie vétérinaire – un enjeu majeur pour un élevage durable
Authors: ROSTANG Antoine , BELLOC Catherine , LEBLANC MARIDOR Mily , POULIQUEN Hervé
Published: January 2023

Le médicament vétérinaire n’est pas un produit comme les autres. Ainsi, il ne peut être commercialisé qu’après obtention d’une Autorisation de Mise sur le Marché (AMM), fondée sur une évaluation scientifique stricte de sa qualité, de son efficacité, de son innocuité, et des résidus retrouvés dans les denrées alimentaires, par une autorité publique compétente. De même, sa commercialisation est très encadrée, avec un rôle central du vétérinaire de l’élevage, et une traçabilité rigoureuse qui assure une protection efficace du consommateur. La pharmacie vétérinaire est une composante clé de la gestion de la santé et du bien-être des animaux d’élevage. Bien utiliser le médicament reste indispensable pour un élevage plus durable. Ainsi, il faut réduire l’usage des anti-infectieux au strict nécessaire, dans un environnement de lutte contre la sélection et la diffusion de gènes de résistances. A contrario, le recours aux vaccins, aux anti-inflammatoires ou aux antidouleurs doit être absolument encouragé pour lutter contre les maladies infectieuses ou améliorer le bien-être animal. Parfois, à cause de l’écotoxicité de certains médicaments, ou de par l’existence de chartes et de labels spécifiques, de nouvelles stratégies doivent être mises en place pour la gestion de la santé des animaux. Dans tous ces domaines, même s’il reste encore beaucoup de connaissances nouvelles à produire, de pratiques à changer ou d’alternatives à mettre au point, l’élevage français a fait de grands progrès ces dernières années. Reste à communiquer auprès du grand public qui conserve une image très dégradée du médicament en élevage.
AI-Based Personalized Virtual Therapist for Alcohol Relapse
Authors: Win Myat Noe , Han Lim Whei , Samson Chandresh Kumar Eric Kamalesh Kumar , Keat Tan Yong , Ravana Sri Devi
Published: January 2023

Binge drinking is one type of harmful alcohol use that has a variety of negative health impacts in both the drinker and others, either globally or in Malaysia. According to previous research, one in two current drinkers in Malaysia who are 13 years and older reported having engaged in binge drinking. Therefore, increased attention should be given to understand the drinking pattern of an individual and propose a solution that can help with addiction relapse. Thus, this study identified interventions that could assist alcohol relapse recovery and proposed a new generation of relapse prevention solution based on artificial intelligence (AI). By using a deep learning approach and machine learning based recommendation technique, it predicts the relapse rate of users, providing recovery consultation based on the user’s data and clinical data through a chatbot. This study involved helpful data collection, advanced data modeling, prediction analysis to support the alcohol relapse recovery journey. Hence, the proposed AI solution acted as a personalized virtual therapist to help the addicts stay sober. The objective is to present the design and realization of the AI based solution for sober journey. The proposed solution was tested with pilot study and significant benefits of virtual therapists for alcohol addiction relapse is reported in this paper.
Data Science Blessing of 21st Century
Authors:   Assistant professor, Bishop Heber College, Trichy, Tamilnadu, B Gayathri , B Srinidhi ,   Bishop Heber College, Department of Computer Science, Trichy, Tamilnadu
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we have listed some of the most common applications of data science that we use in our day to day lives. Along the side you’ll also find some advanced applications which are yet to come in near future. The aim behind sharing them is not to tell you the methodology used in these cases – it is even more foundational in nature. I want to examine the impact data science in making and exhilarate you about what is reserved for future.
Effect of the Trip-Length Distribution on Network-Level Traffic Dynamics: Exact and Statistical Results
Authors: Laval Jorge
Published: January 2023

This paper presents additional results of the generalized bathtub model for urban networks, including a simpler derivation and exact solutions for uniformly distributed trip lengths. It is shown that in steady state this trip-based model is equivalent to the more parsimonious accumulation-based model, and that the trip-length distribution has merely a transient effect on traffic dynamics, which converge to the same point in the macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD). To understand the statistical properties of the system, a queueing approximation method is proposed to compute the network accumulation variance. It is found that (i) the accumulation variance is much larger than predicted by traditional queueing models, due to the nonlinear dynamics imposed by the MFD, (ii) the trip-length distribution has no effect on the accumulation variance, indicating that the proposed formula for the variance might be universal, (iii) the system exhibits critical behavior near the capacity state where the variance diverges to infinity. This indicates that the tools from critical phenomena and phase transitions might be useful to understand congestion in cities.
The Double-edged Sword of Antioxidant Supplements on Metabolic Diseases, A Necessity for Quantification of Oxidative Status
Authors: Zhang Wei-Zheng
Published: January 2023

Cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as by-products of metabolism, which can give rise to a two-sided effect on the body under balanced and imbalanced oxidant homeostasis conditions. Antioxidant supplements exert their beneficial efficacy in the treatment of metabolic diseases only when the oxidant homeostasis is imbalanced with the over-production of ROS. Over-supplementation of antioxidant(s) can also cause an imbalanced oxidant homeostasis to exert detriments to the induction of metabolic diseases. This commentary raises a concern that prior to precise supplementation of antioxidants, an establishment of oxidant homeostasis status is required in avoiding an imbalanced oxidant homeostasis in vivo. In searching for valid oxidant stress makers, 3-Nitrotyrosine seems to fit in with the selection criteria and its quantification can be correlated with the degree of oxidative stress in vivo.
SL(2, C) Scheme Processing of Singularities in Quantum Computing and Genetics
Authors: Planat Michel , Amaral Marcelo , Chester David , Irwin Klee
Published: January 2023

Revealing the time structure of physical or biological objects is usually performed thanks to the tools of signal processing like the fast Fourier transform, Ramanujan sum signal processing and many other techniques. For space-time topological objects in physics and biology, we propose a type of algebraic processing based on schemes in which the discrimination of singularities within objects is based on the space-time-spin group SL(2,C). Such topological objects possess an homotopy structure encoded in their fundamental group and the related SL(2,C) multivariate polynomial character variety contains a plethora of singularities somehow analogous to the frequency spectrum in time structures. Our approach is applied to an Akbulut cork in exotic R4, to an hyperbolic model of topological quantum computing based on algebraic surfaces and to microRNAs in genetics. Such diverse topics reveal the manifold of possibilities of using the concept of a scheme spectrum.
On the State of Graphene Oxide Nanosheet in a Polyurethane Matrix
Authors: Baskakov Sergey A. , Baskakova Yulia V. , Kabachkov Eugene N. , Dvoretskaya Elizaveta V. , Krasnikova Svetlana S. , Korepanov Vitaly I. , Michtchenko Alexandre , Shulga Yury M.
Published: January 2023

Mechanically strong and thermally stable films obtained from a water-based polyurethane (PU) dispersion with small (0.1–1.5 wt.%) additions of graphene oxide nanosheet (GO) were studied through elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, differential thermogravimetry, and Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, the depletion of near-surface layers in nitrogen was presented for all the samples under study. It was found that the introduction of GO into a PU matrix was ac-companied by a partial reduction of graphene oxide nanosheet and an increase in the concentra-tion of defects in its structure.
In Silico Design of a Chimeric Humanized L-Asparaginase.
Authors: Pedroso Alejandro , Herrera Belén Lisandra , Beltrán Jorge F. , Castillo Rodrigo L. , Pedroso Enrique , Pessoa Adalberto , Farías Jorge G.
Published: January 2023

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer among children worldwide, characterized by an overproduction of undifferentiated lymphoblasts in the bone marrow. The treatment of choice for this disease is the enzyme L-asparaginase (ASNase) from bacterial sources. ASNase hydrolyzes circulating L-asparagine in plasma, leading to starvation of leukemic cells. The ASNase formulations of E. coli and E. chrysanthemi present notorious adverse effects, especially the immunogenicity they generate, which undermines both their effectiveness as drugs and patient safety. In this study, we developed a humanized chimeric enzyme from E. coli L-asparaginase, which would reduce the immunological problems associated with current L-asparaginase therapy. For these, the immunogenic epitopes of E. coli L-asparaginase (PDB: 3ECA) were determined and replaced with those of the less immunogenic Homo sapiens asparaginase (PDB:4O0H). The structures were modeled using the Pymol software and the chimeric enzyme was modeled using the SWISS MODEL service. A humanized chimeric enzyme with four subunits similar to the template structure was obtained, and the presence of asparaginase enzymatic activity was predicted by protein-ligand docking.
Expression of Exploratory Activity of
Rat Offspring Depends On the Expression of Exploratory Activity of Their Parents at the Moment of Mating
Authors: Sudakov Sergey K. K. , Bogdanova Natalia G. , Nazarova Galina A.
Published: January 2023

The aim of this work was to study the, so far, unexplored possibility that non-genetic inheritance of animal behavioral characteristics could depend on the state of the parents at the time of conception, by studying inheritance of high and low motor and exploratory activity in the first generation of rats. In this study, we measured the levels of motor and exploratory activity in rats at the ages of 2 and 5 months. Male and female rats were mated at the age of 5 months. The following groups were used: male and female rats with high motor activity at ages of 2 and 5 months (ACT+); male and female rats with high activity at the age of 2 months, but low activity at the age of 5 months (ACT–); male and female rats with low activity at the ages of 2 and 5 months (PAS–); male and female rats with low activity at the age of 2 months, but high activity at the age of 5 months (PAS+). Significant differences in the severity of exploratory activity were found between the offspring of ACT+ and ACT– rats. Moreover, these differences were observed only in males, and not in females. Differences between the offspring of PAS+ and PAS– rats were observed in both the male and female rats. The motor activity of animals in the period from 20 minutes after the start of registration did not differ between groups. Thus, it can be considered that individual characteristics of general motor activity are due to genetically inherited factors, while differences in the level of exploratory activity, apparently, are formed due to non-genetic influences from parents during mating.
Behaviour of Premixed Sooting-Flame in A High-Pressure Burner
Authors: Saylam Ahmad
Published: January 2023

The second-order factor effect of burner optical ports and Edge inter-matrices (EIM) and the first one of pressure on soot formation process and behaviour of premixed sooting-flame in a high-pressure burner are numerically investigated here. Three-dimensional CFD simulations of a premixed flame C2H4/air at p = 1.01 and 10 bar using one-step chemistry approach are first performed to justify satisfied predictability of prospective axisymmetric bi-dimensional (2D) and one- dimensional (1D) simulations. The justified 2D-simulation approach shows the generation of an axial vorticity around the EIM and axial multi-vorticities due to the high expansion rate of burnt gases at the high-pressure of 10 bar. This leads to the development of axial multi-sooting zones, which are manifested experimentally by visible luminous soot streaks, and to boosting soot formation conditions of relatively low-temperature field, < 1800 K, and high-mixing rate of gases in combustion around and above the EIM location. Nevertheless, tolerable effect on the axial soot volume fraction (fV) profile, fV < 3%, is manifested only at high heights above burner of the atmospheric sooting-flame C2H4/air phi = 2.1 and early at the high-pressure 10 bar of this flame, fV < 10%. Enhancing the combustion process reactivity by decreasing the rich equivalence ratio of fuel/air mixture and/or rising the pressure results prior formation of soot precursors which shifts the sooting zone upstream.
Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in Ghana: The Contribution of Non-timber Forest Products Towards Economic Development in the Eastern Region
Authors: Akomaning Yaw Okyere , Darkwah Samuel Antwi , Živělová Iva , Hlaváčková Petra
Published: January 2023

Globally, non-timber forest products (NTFPs) continue to contribute vastly to addressing the food, poverty reduction, income, and livelihood requirements of people in rural areas. However, as at now, there is no specific existing data highlighting periodic contributions of NTFPs to the economy of the Eastern region and the country. The study analyses the contribution of NTFPs towards economic development in the Eastern region and the achievement of SDGs in Ghana. Through Focus Group Discussions and qualitative analysis, it was concluded that NTFPs contribute immensely towards the economic development of the Eastern region and the country through employment and direct taxes. Ultimately, it is evident from the study that the destruction of the Atiwa forest reserve for the purpose of bauxite mining will widely hinder the country’s achievement of the SDGs. Also, the study found out that residents will continue to exploit forest resources if the core concerns of institutional deficiencies and rural poverty are not addressed. To curb this situation, there should be sustainable, regulated, and authorized harvesting of NTFPs/NWFPs, community/user empowerment, sectoral education and training programmes, etc. Even though these are common solutions, the study found them extremely rare in the study area.
Feeding Spray-Dried Porcine Plasma to Pigs Improves the Protection Afforded by The African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) BA71∆CD2 Vaccine Prototype Against Experimental Challenge with The Pandemic ASFV. Study 2.
Authors: Pujols Joan , Blazquez Elena , Segalés Joaquim , Rodríguez Fernando , Chang Chia-Yu , Argilaguet Jordi , Bosch-Camós Laia , Rosell Rosa , Pailler Lola , Gavrilov Boris , Campbell Joy , Polo Javier
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of feeding spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) on the protection afforded by the BA71∆CD2 African swine fever virus (ASFV) vaccine prototype. Two groups of pigs ac-climated to diets without or with 8% SDPP were intranasally inoculated with 105 plaque forming units (PFU) of live attenuated ASFV strain BA71∆CD2 and three weeks later left in direct contact with pigs infected with the pandemic Georgia2007/01 ASFV strain. During the post-exposure (pe) period, 2/6 from the conventional diet group showed a transient peak rectal temperature >40.5ºC before day 20 pe and some tissue samples collected at 20 d pe from 5/6 were PCR+ for ASFV, albeit showing Ct values much higher than Trojan pigs. Interestingly, the SDPP group did not show fever, neither PCR+ in blood nor rectal swab at any time pe and none of the postmortem collected tissue samples were PCR+ for ASFV. Differential serum cytokine profiles among groups at vaccination, and a higher number of ASFV-specific IFNϒ-secreting T-cells in pigs fed with SDPP soon after the Georgia2007/01 encounter, confirmed the relevance of Th1-like responses in ASF pro-tection. We believe that our result show that nutritional interventions might contribute to improve future ASF vaccination strategies.
Mechanistic Insights on Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Huffman Olivia G , Chau Danielle B , Dinicu Andreea I , DeBernardo Robert , Reizes Ofer
Published: January 2023

Epithelial ovarian cancer is an aggressive disease of the female reproductive system and a leading cause of cancer death in women. Standard of care includes surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy yet patients continue to experience a high rate of recurrence and metastasis. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) treatment in highly selective patients extends overall survival by nearly 12 months. The clinical studies are highly supportive of the use of HIPEC in the treatment of ovarian cancer though the therapeutic approach is limited to academic medical centers. The mechanism underlying HIPEC benefit remains unknown. The efficacy of HIPEC therapy is impacted by several procedural and patient/tumor factors including the timing of surgery, platinum sensitivity, and molecular profiling such as homologous recombination deficiency. The present review aims to provide insight into the mechanistic benefit of HIPEC treatment with a focus on how hyperthermia activates the immune response, induces DNA damage and impairs DNA damage repair pathways, and has a synergistic effect with chemotherapy, with the ultimate outcome of increasing chemosensitivity. Identifying the points of fragility unmasked by HIPEC may provide the key pathways that could be the basis of new therapeutic strategies for ovarian cancer patients.
The Role of Government Effectiveness in the Light of ESG Data at Global Level
Authors: Laureti Lucio , Costantiello Alberto , Leogrande Angelo
Published: January 2023

In this article we estimate the level of Government Effectiveness-GE in 193 countries in the period 2011-2020 using data of the ESG World Bank Database. Different econometric techniques are used i.e. Panel Data with Random Effects, Panel Data with Fixed Effects, and Pooled OLS. Results show that GE is positively related among others to “Control of Corruption”, “Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism”, and negatively associated with “Percentage Annual GDP Growth”. We perform a cluster analysis with the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Elbow Method and we find the presence of four clusters. Finally, we confront eight machine learning algorithms for the prediction of GE. Results show that the Polynomial Regression is the best predictive algorithm. The value of GE is expected to growth on average by 15.97%.
Optical Encoding Model based on Orbital Angular Momentum powered by Machine Learning
Authors: Lamilla Erick , Sacarelo Christian , Alvarez-Alvarado Manuel S. , Pazmino Arturo , Iza Peter
Published: January 2023

Based on orbital angular momentum (OAM) properties of Laguerre Gaussian beams LG(p,ℓ), a robust optical encoding model for efficient data transmission applications is designed. This paper presents an optical encoding model based on intensity profile generated by a coherent superposition of two OAM-carrying Laguerre-Gaussian modes and Machine-learning detection method. In the encoding process, the intensity profile for data encoding is generated based on selection of p and ℓ indices, while the decoding process is performed using support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. Two different decoding models based on SVM algorithm are tested to verify the robustness of optical encoding model, finding a BER =10−9 for 10.2dB of signal-to-noise ratio in one of the SVM models.
Exogenous Application of Melatonin Alleviates Drought Stress by Improving Morpho-Physiology and Enhancing Peroxidase Activity in Ranunculus asiaticus
Authors: Eisa Eman Abdelhakim , Honfi Peter , Tilly-Mándy Andrea , Gururani Mayank Anand
Published: January 2023

Melatonin (MT) controls various physiological functions and enhances plant drought tolerance in response to environmental stressors, including water deficit. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of exogenous MT on the morphophysiological attributes of Ranunculus asiaticus under normal and drought conditions. R. asiaticus seedlings were divided into drought-stress and control groups and subjected to foliar application of MT at various concentrations (0, 50, 100, and 200 μM) four times during the study. The drought-stress group exhibited considerably decreased shoot length, leaf number, leaf area, fresh and dry vegetative weights, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, and relative water content; delayed emergence of flower stalks; and increased relative electrolyte leakage compared with well-watered plants. Conversely, foliar application of MT notably increased growth parameters compared with their no-treatment counterparts. Foliar treatment with 200 µM MT resulted in the most significant growth response in R. asiaticus under normal or drought-stress conditions. Moreover, compared with no treatment, exogenously applied MT induced the appearance of flower buds and increased relative water and proline contents as well as peroxidase activity while reducing electrolyte leakage. Regarding tolerance index percentages, higher peroxidase and proline contents indicated their suitability for use as markers for drought tolerance, supporting the effective role of exogenous MT in enhancing the adaptability of Ranunculus to drought stress.
Is Online Learning Ready to Replace Traditional Education? A Commentary
Authors: Osman Wael
Published: January 2023

In recent years, online learning has become one of the most popular methods of educational delivery due to advances in technology, which has been made even more evident in the COVID-19 lockdown period. Online education has evolved into a distinct field of study within the educational system over the last few years. It is also important to note that parallel with the growth in this field, there has also been an increase in the number of scholarly journals that regularly publish research in this field, reflecting the importance of this field in the modern day. In spite of the fact that online learning offers a wide range of educational options, from short courses to full-time degrees, as well as being accessible, flexible, environmentally friendly, and affordable, there are also certain challenges associated with this educational approach. These challenges include the lack of social interaction, technical errors, a lack of hands-on training, and difficulties in assessing students. It is, therefore, imperative to ask the crucial question of whether online learning can replace traditional classroom learning or whether it can supplement it in hybrid models with it, as well as what factors and conditions are likely to determine this in the short- and long-term, as well as how it will be blended together in the future. The purpose of this commentary is to provide a brief summary of the current status of both learning models, as well as their pros and cons, in order to answer the question that was posed above.
Pengembangan Desa Wisata Agroporang
Authors: Riptanti Erlyna Wida , Zein Aditya Putra Muh , Kristiyanto Agus Dwi , Santoso Budi , Putri Erika Aviola , Prihantoro Fajar Era , Setiawan Feby , Ardilla Indra Putri , Abdulah Muhammad Isnan , Palupi Retno , Ivada Sabrina Mernadianis , Hasmanto Yusril Arham
Published: January 2023

Porang is a corm plant and a type of herbal plant that can grow up to 1.5 meters. The geographical location and economic conditions in Jatisari Village have the potential to develop porang cultivation in wet fields in Tanduran Hamlet to become an Agroporang Tourism Village. A tourism village is a tourism asset based on the prospect of a town that includes attractions with various unique features that can be empowered and developed into tourism products to attract the attention of tourists. Jatisari 131 Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) students do community service and focus on helping the Jatisari Village Government to develop Tanduran Hamlet into an Agroporang Tourism Village. The development of a tourist village is a process of building and advancing a tourist village. The implementation method involves the Jatisari Village apparatus determining the priority activities to be carried out first. The work program is jointly prepared, and funding is shared in its implementation. The results were that the community increased their awareness of environmental cleanliness. There were signposts to the tourist village, the installation of a photo booth to attract tourists to take selfies and make pamphlets and promotional videos. The work program that has been implemented has increased the public's interest in visiting tourist villages, although the numbers are not yet significant. It is necessary to improve further work programs to enhance the quality of the tourism sector as a source of regional income.
Pengaruh pemanfaatan lahan terhadap pola pergerakan spasial pada Jalan Letjen S. Parman, Surakarta
Authors: Yuniasa Pregiann , Rahayu Murtanti Jani , Rini Erma Fitria
Published: January 2023

Pemanfaatan lahan merupakan usaha pendayagunaan suatu lahan sesuai dengan karakternya dalam rangka menopang suatu proses pemenuhan kebutuhan manusia. Dalam interaksinya dengan sistem transportasi perkotaan, pemanfaatan lahan berhubungan dengan sistem kegiatan, yang meliputi jenis pemanfaatan lahan, sebaran pemanfaatan lahan, pola aktivitas pemanfaatan lahan, dan intensitas aktivitas pemanfaatan lahan. Jalan Letjen S. Parman, Surakarta, dengan karakternya sebagai kawasan perdagangan jasa dan simpul transportasi regional, telah menjadi magnet pergerakan yang kuat di Kota Surakarta dengan intensitas kegiatan yang cukup tinggi pada kawasan. Intensitas kegiatan yang tinggi sebagai hasil dari aktivitas pemanfaatan lahan telah memicu pergerakan yang tinggi dan beragam pada kawasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemanfaatan lahan terhadap pola pergerakan spasial pada Jalan Letjen S. Parman, Surakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan, yaitu analisis tetangga terdekat, analisis kepadatan bangunan, analisis regresi linier, serta analisis statistik deskriptif guna mengetahui pengaruh dari pemanfaatan lahan terhadap pola pergerakan spasial pada Jalan Letjen S. Parman, Surakarta. Berdasarkan hasil akhir analisis, diketahui bahwa pemanfaatan lahan berpengaruh kuat terhadap pola pergerakan spasial pada Jalan Letjen S. Parman, Surakarta.
Tinjauan kesiapan mitigasi bencana non-struktural dalam menghadapi bencana tsunami di kawasan pesisir Kecamatan Kuta
Authors: Ramadhani Difa Ayu Balqist , Miladan Nur , Kusumastuti Kusumastuti
Published: January 2023

Kecamatan Kuta memiliki beragam destinasi wisata di Pulau Bali yang mendunia, berdekatan dengan Bandara Internasional I Gusti Ngurah Rai menjadikan kawasan ini sebagai salah satu titik vital dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Akan tetapi, letak Pulau Bali pada zona subduksi (tumbukan) menjadikan kawasan ini memiliki risiko bencana tsunami tinggi sehingga diperlukan adanya upaya mitigasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesiapan upaya mitigasi bencana non-struktural tsunami di Kecamatan Kuta. Metode kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis berupa teknik analisis spasial, teknik analisis deskriptif, dan teknik analisis skoring, digunakan untuk mengukur hal tersebut. Data yang digunakan adalah data regulasi yang mengatur bencana tsunami, data penggunaan lahan yang berbasis pada mitigasi tsunami, dan data sosialisasi terkait mitigasi bencana tsunami yang diperoleh melalui pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder. Hasil menunjukan bahwa tingkat mitigasi kesiapan mitigasi bencana tsunami non-struktural di Kecamatan Kuta tergolong dalam kategori kurang siap. Hal ini disebabkan karena belum tersedianya regulasi yang mengatur kawasan bencana tsunami pada kawasan penelitian secara menyeluruh, minimnya dan belum menyeluruhnya pemberian edukasi dan sosialisasi terkait mitigasi bencana tsunami, serta kawasan masih belum sesuai dengan regulasi berbasis kawasan rawan bencana.
Pengaruh perkembangan aktivitas mina wisata terhadap fungsi lahan di Desa Janti dan Desa Wunut, Kabupaten Klaten
Authors: Sari Anindiya Novita , Aliyah Istijabatul , Mukaromah Hakimatul
Published: January 2023

Kawasan minapolitan memiliki berbagai kegiatan mina bisnis, salah satunya  mina wisata. Mina wisata merupakan bentuk wisata yang memanfaatkan produksi perikanan  sebagai atraksi wisata. Desa Janti dan Desa Wunut merupakan dua desa di Kabupaten Klaten yang telah ditetapkan dalam pengembangan kawasan minapolitan Kabupaten Klaten sebagai sentra pemasaran dan sebagai peruntukan pariwisata buatan pada Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kabupaten Klaten Tahun 2011-2031. Kedua desa ini memiliki atraksi berupa warung makan produk ikan, pemandian, dan pemancingan. Mina wisata di Desa Janti dan Desa Wunut terus mengalami perkembangan, pada tahun 2009 hingga 2020 terdapat penambahan 11 objek wisata baru. Perkembangan aktivitas mina wisata di kedua desa ini memberikan pengaruh terhadap perubahan fungsi lahan di sekitarnya. Banyak lahan pertanian yang berubah fungsi menjadi usaha wisata untuk memenuhi kebutuhan wisatawan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perkembangan mina wisata terhadap fungsi lahan di Desa Janti dan Desa Wunut. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif yang kemudian dilakukan analisis spasial untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan perubahan yang dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perkembangan aktivitas mina wisata mendorong adanya penyediaan atraksi mina wisata, aksesibilitas, serta sarana prasarana penunjang mina wisata yang memerlukan lahan. Adanya kebutuhan akan penyediaan lahan mendorong terjadinya perubahan pada penggunaan lahan, salah satunya pada perubahan fungsi lahan. Pada Desa Janti dan Desa Wunut penambahan fungsi lahan terbesar pada pariwisata sebesar 9,5 ha.
Prediksi perubahan penggunaan lahan kawasan perbatasan Kabupaten Tuban − Kabupaten Bojonegoro menggunakan GIS
Authors: Rif'ati Nury Ahdiya , Nurlaela Siti , Susetyo Cahyono
Published: January 2023

Karakteristik penataan ruang berkaitan dengan tata guna lahan, perubahan lahan, dan perkembangan lahan. Faktor perubahan suatu penggunaan lahan adalah faktor ekonomi dan sosial yang dapat menunjukkan ketimpangan. Pembangunan nasional di Indonesia bertujuan untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan masyarakat, akan tetapi ketimpangan wilayah masih terjadi terutama pada kawasan perbatasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan penggunaan lahan di kawasan perbatasan Kabupaten Tuban-Kabupaten Bojonegoro tahun 2010 dan 2018 serta memprediksi penggunaan lahan di tahun 2038. Dalam menganalisis perubahan penggunaan lahan menggunakan software GIS dengan tools overlay, sedangkan untuk prediksi perubahan penggunaan lahan menggunakan metode cellular automata pada software LanduseSIM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan tutupan lahan pada tahun 2010 dan 2018 didominasi oleh berkembangnya lahan pertanian dari 63% menjadi 78% dan lahan permukiman dari 13% menjadi 14%. Di sisi lain, terdapat konversi lahan dari kawasan hutan produksi ataupun tegalan atau ladang menjadi lahan pertanian serta permukiman. Hasil prediksi perubahan lahan pada tahun 2038 menunjukkan bahwa tutupan lahan yang berkembang adalah permukiman serta industri dan pergudangan. Hal ini dapat dijadikan arahan perencanaan untuk lebih memfokuskan pembangunan perencanaan untuk mengantisipasi perkembangan dan terjadinya ketimpangan wilayah di kawasan perbatasan.
Dampak Covid-19 terhadap aktivitas pedagang yang melayani wisatawan di Kota Bandung
Authors: Aji Riswandha Risang , Faniza Visilya , Arisyanto Raden Anggara
Published: January 2023

Pandemi Covid-19 yang melanda dunia sejak tahun 2020 mendorong terjadinya perubahan dan adaptasi pada sektor pariwisata. Pariwisata di Kota Bandung sempat terhenti dan menimbulkan dampak sistemik karena pariwisata memiliki efek berganda, seperti berdampak pada pedagang yang melayani wisatawan. Pedagang harus menyesuaikan diri dengan pandemi Covid-19 agar tetap bertahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perubahan aktivitas pedangan yang melayani wisatawan di Kota Bandung setelah terdampak pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode campuran dengan data kuantitatif dari kuesioner dan analisis data secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perubahan intensitas belanja pedagang dan gangguan operasional yang dialami oleh pedagang. Selain itu, beberapa hal seperti rantai pasok, harga jual, kualitas barang dagangan, dan kuantitas barang dagangan juga mengalami perubahan walaupun tidak signifikan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada penurunan intensitas perdagangan yang melayani wisatawan di Kota Bandung.