bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of The Effects of Alucra Forest Planning Unit's Population Dynamics on Land Use Changes
Authors: ÇAKIR Günay , KAYA Latif Gürkan , YÜCEDAĞ Cengiz , BAYRAM Sıtkı
Published: March 2019

Aim of study: This study is done to monitor temporal land use/land cover changes in a typical mountain watershed covering an area of 135441.0 ha in North Eastern of Turkey based on rural demographic dynamics and forest management plans belonging to the years 1987 and 2013 coupled by GIS analyses. It also investigates changes in the shape of land use class (LUC) over the period.Material and Methods: The changes occurring time wise and positional on the base of the local LUC was examined by benefiting from the forest management plans from 1987 to 2013. Moreover, the change of LUC around these areas has been examined with the 1000 m zones thrown around the settlement areas and correlated with the fast decrease of the population recent years. Demographic dynamics (increase or decrease) affect the usage of forest lands, as well.Main results: While there was an increase in the productive forest lands (pure coniferous and deciduous, and mixed forest) between 1987 and 2013. In the same periods there was a decrease in agricultural and sandy areas. The increase of patches in the productive forest lands mostly resulted from afforestation works conducted in the unproductive forest lands, and forestry maintenance activities. Another reason for this increase of forest patches is why people have immigrated to urban areas in the last years.Research Highlights: It can be said that one of the most important causes in the rise of the forest resources in the Alucra Forest Planning Units (FPU) is the time wise changes of social structure. Furthermore, the forestry activities in the study between 1987 and 2013 are also the other significant factor in this increase of forest resources.
Diurnal Photosystem II Photochemical Efficiency and Biomass Partitioning in Acacia mellifera and Acacia laeta Seedlings Under Drying Soil
Authors: SIAM Abubakr M.j. , ABDALKREEM İbrahim H.
Published: March 2019

Aim of study: The study aimed to assess the impact of drying soil on diurnal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II and biomass partitioning of the seedlings of Acaia mellifera (Mf) and Acacia laeta (Lt).Study area: The study was conducted at the nursery of Department of Forestry & Range Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Al Fashir, North Darfur, Sudan.Materials and methods: Thirty-six seedlings of two-months old per each species were selected for study. A half of seedlings per species was kept well-watered and the other was exposed to five drought cycles before exposed to continuous drying.Main results: The results of chlorophyll fluorescence study were indicated that both species are capable to maintain sound photosynthetic machinery throughout the course of measurements. Mf manifested higher biomass production compared to Lt in control seedlings. Conversely, repeated drying cycles techniques were likely improved growth and production in Lt. Strong negative relationships were established between ΔF/Fm' and incident photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and between Fv/Fm and leaf temperature (T).Highlights: Under the intermittent irrigation conditions during dry season in general A. mellifera would show better growth hence greater potentials for live fence and afforestation purposes in semi-arid environments compared to A. laeta.
Determination of Some Stand and Site Parameters Influencing the Snow Damage in Trees: A Case Study of Boyabat Forest Enterprise, Turkey
Authors: ALTUNEL Arif Oğuz
Published: March 2019

Aim of Study: Determination of the snow damage triggering stand and site parameter on trees.Area of Study: Damaged compartments of Yedicam and Burnuk Forest Directorates, #234 and #116, within Boyabat Forest Enterprise of Kastamonu Regional Directorate of Forestry.Material and Method: Two damaged and two control compartments from each directorate were compared to find if any site or stand parameters are related to the snow damage occurred in the area during 2014-2015 winter. Statistical analysis were carried out to test the significance of the parameters.Main results: Age, relative density, the number of trees, basal area and stand volume of the stand parameters, and slope, site class, terrain roughness and soil depth of the site parameters were statistically linked to the snow damage.Research highlights: The climate is a force to be reckoned with. New strategies must be devised and put into action in forest management. Studies have shown the mishaps. The lessons should be taken from the past experiences. Apparent mistakes must gradually be eliminated.
Statistical distributions and reliability functions with type-2 fuzzy parameters
Authors: Khaniyev Tahir , Baskir M. , Gokpinar Fikri , Mirzayev Farhad
Published: March 2019

Type-2 fuzzy sets were initially given by Zadeh as an extension of type-1 fuzzy sets. There is a growing interest in type-2 fuzzy set
and its memberships (named secondary memberships) to handle the uncertainty in type-1 fuzzy set and its primary membership
values. However, arithmetical operators on type-2 fuzzy sets have computational complexity due to third dimension of these sets.
In this study, we present some mathematical operators which can be easily applied to type-2 fuzzy sets and numbers. Also, mathematical functions of type-2 fuzzy numbers are given according to their monotonicity. These functions are adapted to reliability
and distribution functions of the random variables with the type-2 fuzzy parameters. These functions are applied to Exponential,
Chi-square, Weibull distributions with respect to monotonicity of the parameters of these distributions.
Analysis of the possibilities to improve the reliability of a 15 kV overhead line exposed to catastrophic icing in Poland
Authors: Gołaś Andrzej , Ciesielka Wojciech , Szopa Krystian , Zydroń Paweł , Bąchorek Wojciech , Benesz Mariusz , Kot Aleksander , Moskwa Szczepan
Published: March 2019

The paper is a result of a synergic cooperation of two academic teams, i.e. power engineering and mechanical teams, and a distribution system operator. A real 15 kV overhead line exposed to a catastrophic load of ice and rime was analyzed and three solutions to
improve the reliability of the tested object in such conditions were examined. Authors considered: shortening the length of the line
spans, heating the main line with increased current and rebuilding the overhead line to a cable line. The researches worked out a
FEM model taking into account the newest normatives, simulated the model, experimentally increased the load on the real line with
measured wire temperature, and performed multi-variant calculations to determine indicators of reliability, i.e. SAIDI and SAIFI.
The analyses were followed by conclusions thanks to which the reliability of power lines exposed to catastrophic icing could be
increased. These inferences should be considered and applied by all distribution system operators in Poland.
Optimal maintenance strategy on medical instruments used for haemodialysis process
Authors: Tan Cher , Narula Udit , Lai Lu , Pandey Sumit , Tung Jung , Yi Li Chung
Published: March 2019

Haemodialysis machines are one of the important medical equipment which is used to treat renal failures and minimum downtimes
are thus essential. Uninterrupted and constant use of these machines in hospitals worldwide makes them vulnerable to failures if
not maintained properly. Consequently, the maintenance cost for dialysis machine is high. A method to implement a cost effective
maintenance strategy is demonstrated in this work. Root Cause Based Maintenance (RCBM) strategy is employed at the component level to optimize the Reliability Based Maintenance schedules derived from the existing maintenance and failure data. In
order to minimize the average cost of maintenance for Haemodialysis machines and ensure their high operational availability, a
Cost-Model is derived, and Genetic Algorithm is employed for optimization in this work. The application of RCBM strategy results
in cost saving of about 60% of the cost incurred using current maintenance scheme. Statistical and optimization calculations are
performed using Reliasoft’s Weibull++ and MATLAB tools respectively.
Optimization method of bevel gear reliability based on genetic algorithm and discrete element
Authors: Sun Kangkang , Wang Guoqiang , Lu Yanpeng
Published: March 2019

Gear transmission is the most basic transmission component in mechanical transmission system. Many scholars have done a lot of
research on gear reliability. When the variation coefficient is used to calculate and optimize the reliability of bevel gear, in order to
calculate the reliability of bevel gear, it is often assumed that the gear works under constant torque, that is, the coefficient of variation (COV) is zero, but this is not the case in practice. In this paper, a gear reliability method based on discrete element simulation
is proposed. The purpose of this method is to simulate the actual working conditions of gears, calculate more accurate coefficient
of variation in the real world, and improve the accuracy of gear reliability design. Firstly, the real working conditions of the bevel
gear transmission are simulated by discrete element method (DEM), and in the transmission system, the tangential force COV of the
bevel gear is proved to be equal to the torque COV of the crusher central shaft. Secondly, the multi-objective function model of the
gear transmission system is established based on the double tooth roll crusher (DTRC). The optimal volume and reliability of the
bevel gear transmission are taken as the objective function, and the teeth number, module and face width factor of basic parameters
of gear are optimized by genetic algorithm (GA). Finally, the accuracy of the optimization results is verified by Monte Carlo method.
The main purpose of the manuscript is to analyse the effect of actual conditions (DEM simulation) on the optimization results. The
results show that the COV of nominal tangential load of bevel gear is about 0.65 under actual working conditions, so in order to
guarantee the same reliability, total volume need to be increased by 34.4%. This method is similar to the selection of gear safety
factor. In practical production, the selection of safety factor is often based on experience. This paper provides a new method to
optimize the reliability of bevel gear, combining with DEM simulation, which provides theoretical guidance for optimal design of
bevel gear
Calibration of bulk material model in Discrete Element Method on example of perlite D18-DN
Authors: Karwat Bolesław , Machnik Ryszard , Niedźwiedzki Jerzy , Nogaj Magdalena , Rubacha Piotr , Stańczyk Emil
Published: March 2019

Analytical methods for calculations of the transport machinery are often insufficient especially when untypical granular materials are considered. Discrete Element Method (DEM) is a very useful numerical tool supporting designing and optimization of the
transport equipment. However, to obtain reliable DEM simulation results an accurate set of input parameters values is needed.
The most common calibration approach is to make use of a procedure where laboratory tests are performed and then the same
experiments are numerically replicated in DEM. The article presents calibration of the DEM input parameters on the example of
perlite D18-DN Based on the performed calibration, the model of perlite transport in a screw conveyor has been shown.
Improving efficiency of horizontal ribbon mixer by optimizing its constructional and operational parameters
Authors: Andrzej Marczuk , Misztal Wojciech , Savinykh Petr , Turubanov Nikolay , Isupov Alexey , Zyryanov Dmitry
Published: March 2019

The homogeneity of mixing various feed mixture ingredients and the reliability of mixers directly depend on the constructional
features of mixing devices and operational parameters of their work. This article presents a theoretical underpinning for the
structural (design) specifications of a horizontal ribbon auger mixer (blender) with regard to the fulfilment of the condition when
the material is transported by auger tapes in different directions, ensuring the efficient mixing of the feed mixture ingredients and
timely material unloading from the mixer tank (hopper). The performed optimization of the structural and operational specifications as a result of experimental studies has allowed to increase the reliability of the mixer and to determine the homogeneity
coefficient of the finished product, which reaches its the highest value of 94.13% with the forward direction of rotation of the mixer
movable operating elements, when mixing time is 13 minutes and when the tank load is 52.4% of its volume.
The Role of Journalism on YouTube: Audience Engagement with ‘Superbug’ Reporting
Authors: Djerf-Pierre Monika , Lindgren Mia , Budinski Mikayla Alexis
Published: March 2019

Journalism has gradually become ‘normalized into social media’, and most journalists use social media platforms to publish their work (Bruns, 2018). YouTube is an influential social media platform, reaching over a billion users worldwide. Its extensive reach attracts professional and amateur video producers who turn to YouTube to inform, entertain and engage global publics. Focusing on YouTube, this study explores the place for journalism within this media ecology. This study uses a mixed-method approach to examine forms of audience engagement to YouTube videos about antimicrobial resistance (AMR), or so called “superbugs”, caused by overuse and misuse of antibiotics. The analysis focuses on the most viewed YouTube videos about AMR between 2016 and 2018, and compares engagement themes expressed in comments to journalistic videos with popular science videos. The most viewed videos about AMR on YouTube are professionally produced educational popular science videos. The qualitative analysis of 3,049 comments identifies seven main forms of high-level engagement, including expressions of emotions, blame and calls for action. This study shows that journalism plays an important role on YouTube by generating audience discussions about social and political accountability. Our findings demonstrate that journalism videos were associated with propositions for political, economic and social/lifestyle actions, while popular science videos were associated with medicines, scientific or pseudo-scientific, and medical practice changes.
Political Journalists and Their Social Media Audiences: New Power Relations
Authors: Bruns Axel , Nuernbergk Christian
Published: March 2019

Social media use is now commonplace across journalism, in spite of lingering unease about the impact the networked, real-time logic of leading social media platforms may have on the quality of journalistic coverage. As a result, distinct journalistic voices are forced to compete more directly with experts, commentators, sources, and other stakeholders within the same space. Such shifting power relations may be observed also in the interactions between political journalists and their audiences on major social media platforms. This article therefore pursues a cross-national comparison of interactions between political journalists and their audiences on Twitter in Germany and Australia, documenting how the differences in the status of Twitter in each country’s media environment manifest in activities and network interactions. In each country, we observed Twitter interactions around the national parliamentary press corps (the Bundespressekonferenz and the Federal Press Gallery), gathering all public tweets by and directed at the journalists’ accounts during 2017. We examine overall activity and engagement patterns and highlight significant differences between the two national groups; and we conduct further network analysis to examine the prevalent connections and engagement between press corps journalists themselves, and between journalists, their audiences, and other interlocutors on Twitter. New structures of information flows, of influence, and thus ultimately of power relations become evident in this analysis.
Disintermediation in Social Networks: Conceptualizing Political Actors’ Construction of Publics on Twitter
Authors: Eldridge II Scott A. , García-Carretero Lucía , Broersma Marcel
Published: March 2019

While often treated as distinct, both politics and journalism share in their histories a need for a public that is not naturally assembled and needs instead to be ‘constructed’. In earlier times the role of mediating politics to publics often fell to news media, which were also dependent on constructing a ‘public’ for their own viability. It is hardly notable to say this has changed in a digital age, and in the way social media have allowed politicians and political movements to speak to their own publics bypassing news voices is a clear example of this. We show how both established politics and emerging political movements now activate and intensify certain publics through their media messages, and how this differs in the UK, Spain and the Netherlands. When considering journalism and social media, emphasis on their prominence can mask more complex shifts they ushered in, including cross-national differences, where they have pushed journalism towards social media to communicate news, and where political actors now use these spaces for their own communicative ends. Building upon this research, this article revisits conceptualizations of the ways political actors construct publics and argues that we see processes of disintermediation taking place in political actors’ social networks on Twitter.
DHYĀNA: SOTERIOLOGICAL GNOSIOLOGY IN THE TEXTS OF HAṬHAYOGA
Authors: Danylov D.
Published: March 2019

Dhyāna in the period of haṭhayoga acquires new shades of meaning and changes its significance. The texts clearly articulate the opportunity to practice dhyāna, regardless of belonging to different religious and philosophical trends in India. Dhyāna acquires a new direction, paving the way for the understanding of the hidden knowledge about the body. The practitioner of dhyāna acquires the ability to attain "true understanding", revealing the psychological potencies that are deeply embedded in the human mind and hidden there. In "Amanaska Yoga" indicates the rejection of the stereotypical understanding. of dhyāna and its objects. One of the new meanings that dhyāna acquires during this period is "gazing at" (DTYS). The gnosiology of dhyāna during this period consists in a deep knowledge of the physical and metaphysical body, as well as in the comprehension of the metaphysical space in which it dwells. Only when such a gnosis becomes natural for a practitioner can one be considered of mastering dhyāna. The resulting knowledge, in its turn, leads to liberation.
COGNITIVE APPROACH OF MENTAL REALITY
Authors: Rubanets O.
Published: March 2019

Conceptualization of the peculiarities of interaction of social and mental representation, revealing features of mental reality, establishing the ontological status of objects of mental reality. Conceptualization of the relationship between social and mental representations is realized. The structure of the representation hierarchy was revealed, the relationship between the representation hierarchy and the mode of being the objects of mental reality was clarified, the role of mental and social representations in the formation of mental reality was revealed. The significance of mental representations in preserving the autonomy of the individual as the basis of a democratic society is revealed. For the first time, the mental reality was investigated on the basis of the interrelation of social and mental representations. A feature of the ontological status of objects of mental reality is determined. Taking into account the peculiarities of mental representation is the basis to research the relationship between social and mental representations. The study of the relationship between social and mental representations can be used in the social practices of a democratic society.
THE IDEA OF PERSONALITY IN PHILOSOPHY OF IMMANUEL KANT, FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE, MAX SCHELER
Authors: Sabadukha V.
Published: March 2019

The purpose of the article is to analyze the views of I. Kant, F. Nietzsche, and M. Scheler on the problem of personality in the context of the principle of spiritual hierarchy. To do this we need to solve the following problems: first, to make a comparative analysis of their views; and second, to formulate the main theses of the author's metaphysical concept of personality. To analyze the problem of personality, the methodology of knowledge of K. Mannheim and the ideas of P. Ricker have been applied. On the basis of the principle of the spiritual hierarchy, the author's understanding of the meaning of the concept of "personality" is formulated. The metaphysical concept of personality, revives the hierarchical approach to the understanding of a person, on the one hand, and, formulates a new theoretical apparatus for the enhanced understanding of a person and personality in particular, on the other hand. The proposed concept of personality lays the foundations for rethinking the content of the educational process, places on the agenda the study of mechanisms for the perfection of man and society.
Changes in Nonmotor Symptoms Following an 8-Week Yoga Intervention for People with Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Walter Alysha A. , Adams Em V. , Van Puymbroeck Marieke , Crowe Brandi M. , Urrea-Mendoza Enrique , Hawkins Brent L. , Sharp Julia , Woschkolup Kathleen , Revilla Freddy J. , Schmid Arlene A.
Published: March 2019

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by progressive degenerative motor symptoms (e.g., tremors, impaired balance and gait) and nonmotor symptoms (e.g., fatigue, sleep disturbances, pain) that can negatively influence health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Previous studies have shown that yoga for individuals with PD improves balance, strength, and mobility. However, little research has been conducted to determine the effect of yoga on nonmotor symptoms of PD. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in nonmotor symptoms among individuals with PD following an 8-week yoga intervention. Data used for analyses were part of a larger study that researched improvements in motor function for individuals with PD. Participants (N = 27) were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 12) groups and completed pre- and postintervention quantitative measures. Within-group improvements were statistically significant for fatigue measured by the Parkinson's Fatigue Scale, balance confidence measured by the Activities Balance Confidence Scale, the belief in one's ability to manage falls measured by the Falls Management Scale, activity constraints measured by the Activities Constraint Questionnaire, and PD-specific quality of life measured by the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-8. Across-group changes were statistically significant for activity constraints. Findings indicate yoga may be an efficacious intervention for improving nonmotor symptoms as well as HRQoL for individuals with PD.
Kronik hepatit B hastalarında ortalama trombosit hacmi, nötrofil/lenfosit oranı ile fibrozis arasındaki ilişki
Authors: ATAY Kadri
Published: March 2019

Giriş ve Amaç: Karaciğer biyopsisi kronik hepatit hastalığında karaciğer hasarını
göstermek için halen altın standart yöntem olmakla beraber, günümüzde karaciğer
hasarını daha kolay belirleyebilmek için birçok noninvaziv test
araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada amacımız kronik hepatit B hastalarında fibrozis belirteci
olarak ortalama trombosit hacmi ve nötrofil
lenfosit oranı ilişkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 44 kronik
hepatit B hastası ve 33 sağlıklı kişiden oluşan kontrol grubu alındı. Hasta ve
kontrol grupları arasında karşılaştırılmalar yapıldı, ayrıca kronik hepatit B hastaları
fibrozis skoruna göre hafif fibrozis ve ileri fibrozis
olanlar olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılarak karşılaştırmalar yapıldı. Bulgular: Kronik hepatit B hastalarının
yaş ortalaması 43±16 ve kontrol grubunun yaş
ortalaması 41±19 idi. Kronik hepatit B grubunda
ortalama trombosit hacmi 10.6±1.2 ve kontrol
grubunda 9.5±0.6 bulundu. Bu iki grup arasında
istatistiksel fark olduğu görüldü (p=0.0001).
Kronik hepatit B hastaları ve kontrol grubu
arasında nötrofil lenfosit oranları arasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı (p=0.29). Fibrozis skoru hafif
ve ileri olan hastaların ortalama trombosit hacmi düzeyleri karşılaştırıldığında
fibrozis skoru hafif olan hastalarda ortalama trombosit hacmi değerlerinin daha
düşük olduğu görüldü (sırasıyla 9.7±0.4, 11.5±1.2; p=0.0001). ROC analizinde ortalama trombosit hacminin ileri fibrozisi
saptanmasının en iyi kesim değeri 10,25 alındığında, sensitivitesi %86,
spesifitesi %99 olarak bulundu (EAA 0.94; 95% CI; p<0.0001). Sonuç: Bu çalışma ortalama trombosit hacmi değerinin kronik hepatit B hastalarında
artmış olduğunu ve artmış ortalama trombosit hacmi değerlerinin kronik hepatit
B hastalarında ileri fibrozisi tahmin etmede yardımcı olabileceğini
göstermiştir.
Nuevos derechos en la colaboración público-privada
Authors: Maniatis Antonio
Published: March 2019

En el marco de la colaboración público-privada (CPP) existe una regulación que no asegura la selección de la mejora empresa como supervisora, dado que el comité competente se limita a examinar si el propuesto supervisor cumple los criterios previstos, en base de un procedimiento llamado «on-off». En todo caso, el contratista tiene los nuevos derechos a seleccionar a su supervisor y a ofrecerle una remuneración suplementaria. De sobra, la CPP, emergida en la época corriente de los derechos fundamentales de cuarta generación, es asociada al derecho a la serenidad, el cual resulta de la directiva 2014/61/UE en materia de coordinación de obras civiles, y por lo general es promotora de los nuevos derechos, de cuarta generación, o de cuasi nuevos derechos, ejemplificados por el derecho al medio ambiente.
El concepto y el ciclo de la violencia de género en las relaciones de pareja de menores offline y online
Authors: Palop Belloch Melania
Published: March 2019

Este artículo analiza la posibilidad de aplicar el concepto de violencia de género en las relaciones de pareja de menores offline y online. Se tiene en cuenta las características propias de su edad que afectan a sus relaciones de pareja. Una vez analizado el concepto de violencia de género en menores y comprobar su legalidad se estudian las distintas fases del ciclo de la violencia de género aplicadas a dichas relaciones. A continuación, se estudian los tipos de ciberacosos que ocasionan violencia de género en internet como son: ciberacoso psicológico, ciberstalking, sexting y/o sextorsión. Este estudio se centra en las “relaciones de pareja de menores” españoles, es decir, no concurre ningún tipo de cultura o tradición ajena a la española ni presentan ningún tipo de discapacidad. Solamente han adoptado los roles de género y estereotipos propios de la cultura patriarcal. La metodología utilizada combina las técnicas exploratoria, descriptiva e inductiva. Las dos primeras acuden a fuentes primarias y secundarias para plantear el problema y la tercera realiza un análisis crítico
La función notarial de control de legalidad. Estado de la cuestión en el ámbito de las condiciones generales de la contratación y las cláusulas abusivas
Authors: Remeseiro Regueiro Rebeca
Published: March 2019

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar la función notarial de control de legalidad prestando especial atención a su configuración en el ámbito de las condiciones generales de la contratación y las cláusulas abusivas a la luz de las últimas resoluciones del Tribunal Supremo y la Dirección General de los Registros y del Notariado.
Nombramientos discrecionales en la carrera judicial
Authors: Ron Latas Ricardo , Lousada Arochena José Fernando
Published: March 2019

La promoción profesional de Jueces y Magistrados dentro de la Carrera Judicial es una materia sensible desde la perspectiva de la independencia judicial, con una evidente vinculación con la exigencia de inamovilidad, y que se debe inspirar en criterios objetivos, evitando las arbitrariedades, preferencias o veleidades de los órganos gestores del estatuto judicial. Sin embargo, aunque la provisión de la mayoría de destinos de la Carrera Judicial se hace por concurso, existen otros muchos de especial importancia que resultan ser nombramientos discrecionales
A usucapión polo estado español do museo Cerralbo, logo de ser intervido manu militari na posguerra civil, a propósito da sentenza da a Audiencia Provincial de Madrid, do 18 de decembro de 2007
Authors: Vázquez-Rey Ernesto , Arcay Barral Ángel
Published: March 2019

O presente comentario versa sobre unha sentenza da Audiencia Provincial de Madrid, ditada o 18 de decembro de 2007, na que se resolve un recurso de apelación sobre a propiedade da metade indivisa do Palacio do XVII marqués de Cerralbo, Enrique de Aguilera e Gamboa, que resultou ter adquirido o Estado español por usucapión, aínda que a posesión fora obtida manu militari na posguerra civil española.
YAKIT MALİYETLERİNİN TAŞINAN HAVA KARGO MİKTARI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: 2007-2018 TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: TUNCER Bekir , AYDOĞAN Kadir
Published: March 2019

Diğer taşımacılık modlarında olduğu gibi hava kargo
taşımacılığında da girdi maliyetlerinin, dolayısıyla fiyatların temel
belirleyicisi yakıt (petrol) maliyetleridir. Çalışmada petrol fiyatında meydana
gelen değişimin ve döviz kurunun etkisinin hava kargo taşımacılığı sektörü
üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. En küçük kareler yöntemi kullanılarak
yapılan analizler sonucunda; yurt içinde taşınan kargo miktarının hem petrol
fiyatındaki hem de dolar döviz kurundaki değişmelerden negatif yönde
etkilendiğini, dolar kurundaki artışın etkisinin petrol fiyatındaki artışın
etkisinden daha yüksek olduğunu ve bu etkilerin altı aylık bir gecikme ile
ortaya çıktığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca yurt dışı hava kargo taşımacılığının
petrol fiyatı ve döviz kurunda meydana gelen değişimlerden etkilenmediği tespit
edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu bulgular, hava kargo taşımacılığı firmalarının yurt
içine yönelik kargo taşımacılığı faaliyetlerini, jet yakıtı maliyetlerini türev
araçlarla altı aylık bir ufukta korumaya çalıştıklarına, yurt dışına yönelik
kargo taşımacılığı faaliyetlerini ise türev araçlarıyla koruma güdüsünde
olmadıklarına işaret etmektedir.
BİST-100 ENDEKSİNDE MUHASEBE KARLARI VE HİSSE SENEDİ FİYATLARI İLİŞKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: GÖR Yusuf , TEKİN Bilgehan
Published: March 2019

Hisse
senedi fiyatlarını etkileyen bir çok makro ve mikro etmen bulunmaktadır. Bu
etmenlerden bazıları yatırımcıların kararlarını etkileyerek hisse senedi
fiyatını değiştirmektedir. Bu doğrultuda yatırımcıların yatırım kararlarını
şekillendiren önemli unsurlardan biri de şirketlerin finansal raporlarıdır. Bu
çalışmanın amacı şirketlerin finansal raporlarından rasyolar aracılığıyla
bulunan karlılık ölçütleri kullanılarak elde edilen muhasebe karlarının hisse
senedi fiyatına olan etkisini tespit etmektir. Bu amaçla 2009-2017 yılları
arasında Borsa İstanbul 100 Endeksinde sürekli olarak yer alan şirketlerin mali
tabloları ve hisse senedi fiyatlarından veriler elde edilmiştir. Şirketlerden
elde edilen veriler panel veri analizi, regresyon analizi ve Granger
nedensellik testi ile analiz edilmiştir. 
Analiz sonucunda muhasebe karının hisse senedi fiyatlarını etkilediği
tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle muhasebe karını, literatürde en yaygın olarak
temsil eden aktif karlılığının hisse senedi fiyatını olumlu yönde etkilediği
anlaşılmıştır. Diğer taraftan net kar marjı da hisse senedi fiyatını olumlu
yönde etkileyen bir başka değişken olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Çalışma neticesinde
elde edilen sonuçlar literatürle ve beklentilerle uyumlu çıkmıştır.
On the Integrality of Somos 4 Sequences
Authors: GEZER Betül
Published: March 2019

In
this paper, it is shown that if (hn) is a Somos 4 sequence
associated to an elliptic curve then each hn can be expressed
as elements of the ring R = ℤ[a1, a2, a3, a4, x, y, h–1±1, h0]. In particular, if h –1 = ±1, then the Somos 4 sequence consist entirely of
integers for n ≥ 0. Also the general term of the Somos 4 sequence is
given which satisfies a binary recurrence relation.
WHITE NOISE EFFECT IN THE DYNAMIC MODEL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION
Authors: Firstova N. M.
Published: March 2019

The work is devoted to the problem of the Gaussian white noise influence on a canard cycle in a dynamic model of an electrochemical reaction. This study is conducted on the example of an electrochemical reaction of the Cooper-Slyter type. An analysis of noise-induced transitions was performed, the effect of external disturbances on the limit cycle is investigated, the sensitivity of the cycle to the noise is found. A critical noise intensity, at which the small-amplitude oscillations are transformed into mixedmode oscillations, is obtained. It is shown that an increase in the intensity of random perturbations can lead to significant deformations of the modes in the model up to their destruction.
SIMULATION OF FLUCTUATIONS OF AGGRESSIVE ALIEN SPECIES IN CONTINUOUS MODELS WITH INDEPENDENT REGULATION
Authors: Perevaryukha A. Yu.
Published: March 2019

Traditional models in biology do not describe modern extraordinary situations when the whole species composition is mixed. The article deals with oscillatory equations and non-dissipative population dynamics for specific environmental situations that are associated with alien species in ecosystems. During the invasion of new species, the resistance of the biotic environment may be completely absent for a considerable time. Under such conditions, with a high specific fecundity, nonstationary regimes of change in numbers arise. A pest outbreak is realized with an explosive growth phase. All outbreaks of fish and insects are some brief extreme episodes that end with a new state of the environment and the aggressive new species. Completion options are varied even in the example of one malicious species of comb jelly Mnemiopsis leidyi in Azov and Caspian Sea. Transition to relaxation oscillations after a comb jelly outbreak is possible. A new species may become a small group or even disappear in case minN(t; r) = 0. The paper proposes a model based on the lagging regulation for actual scenarios of population behaviour in a new environment. In computational experiments we have shown the conditions for stabilization after an outbreak in an extremely small group of individuals or complete disappearance after collapse. A separate scenario describes the complete depletion of environmental resources during fluctuations with asignificant amplitude. The most relevant is the model scenario of stabilization at minimum values after a rapid change in the phases of the outbreak and a transition to the depression of the pest number in the modification of the differential equation of Bazykin and Hutchinson model.
Factores de riesgo y bases genéticas: el caso del trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad
Authors: Martinhago Fernanda , Lavagnino Nicolás José , Folguera Guillermo , Caponi Sandra
Published: March 2019

El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) es el trastorno mental considerado más frecuente en la infancia. Si bien su diagnóstico en el manual de psiquiatría hoy más utilizado en el mundo, el Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5), se basa en los comportamientos de desatención, hiperactividad e impulsividad, se encuentran numerosos intentos de describir las bases biológicas del trastorno para usarlos con fines de diagnóstico y como marcadores de riesgo. En este trabajo analizamos críticamente la validez de los estudios asociados a la búsqueda de marcadores genéticos para el TDAH. En primer lugar, se presenta la caracterización del TDAH en el manual DSM-5; luego, se desarrolla el vínculo entre el TDAH y los factores de riesgo y los marcadores genéticos; y, finalmente, se presentan algunas conclusiones en las que se señalan simplificaciones y omisiones que pueden tener consecuencias significativas.
Rola mózgowego czynnika neurotroficznego (BDNF) w procesach neurodegeneracji oraz w mechanizmach neuroregeneracji wywołanej wzmożoną aktywnością fizyczną
Authors: Małczyńska Paulina , Piotrowicz Zofia , Drabarek Dorota , Langfort Józef , Chalimoniuk Małgorzata
Published: March 2019

The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) belongs to the family of neurotrophins synthesized in the central and peripheral nervous system.Several specific miRNAs (miR-1, miR-126 and miR-30a-5p) are involved in the regulation of BDNF synthesis. Its synthesis is also influencedby the SNP-Val 66Met BDNF polymorphism (rs 6265). BNDF can cross the blood brain barrier. Its role in the central and peripheral relyon regulation of important physiological functions, i.e. development and growth of neurons, the process of learning and memory, apoptosis,neurogenesis and neuroregenation through activation of TRkB and p75NTR receptors. Lowering BDNF level mediates neurodenegerationof neurons including dopaminergic neurons in Parkinsonâs disease. Regular long-term repeated physical exercise and/or moderate to highintensity training induces an increase level of BDNF and TrkB receptors in the brain regions responsible for motor activity, preventing neurodegeneration,especially in the
Prymazy prokariotyczne â budowa i funkcje
Authors: Ziuzia-Graczyk Izabela , Bębenek Anna
Published: March 2019

Primases are responsible for the synthesis of a short oligo RNA, which serves as primer for DNA polymerase. Primases play an essential role in the initiation of DNA replication at the origins, in the synthesis of Okazaki fragments and in the restart of stalled replication forks. Prokaryotic primases based on their structure and sequence alignments are classified as a family of DnaG proteins. Primases from this family contain three distinct domains: an amino terminal domain with a zinc ribbon motif involved in binding template DNA, a middle RNA polymerase domain, and a carboxyl-terminal region that either interacts with a helicase or is itself a DNA helicase. In this review, we are presenting the comparison of the representative primases from bacteria and bacteriophages, their mode of action and their involvement in DNA replication at the replication fork.
Profilowanie rybosomów jako innowacyjne narzędzie do badania procesu syntezy białek
Authors: Kaźmierczak Urszula , Kwaśniak-Owczarek Małgorzata
Published: March 2019

The ribosome profiling approach (Ribo-seq) is currently the most effective method to study the protein synthesis in vivo. This technique relies on sequencing of ribosome protected mRNA fragments (so-called ribosomal footprints) allowing to indicate the exact positions of ribosomes on transcripts. Advanced bioinformatic analysis of Ribo-seq data enables selection of ribosomal footprints originated from translating ribosomes, providing information about authentic translational status of mRNA. Here, authors present principles of ribosome profiling method with special attention to basic experimental and bioinformatics strategies important for obtaining satisfactory results. Review includes examples of applications of ribosome profiling technique in various biological systems, giving the significant insight into the translation process and its regulation.
Żcie jako sposób istnienia materii â Teoria jestestw organicznych Jędrzeja Śniadeckiego
Authors: Zubek Aniela , Barciszewski Jakub , Belter Agnieszka , Barciszewski Jan
Published: March 2019

In 2018 we celebrate the 250th anniversary of the Jędrzej Śniadeckiâs birth. This work aims to show the importance of his thoughts for the development of natural sciences. He studied at some of the largest universities in Europe, where he met great scientists of the enlightenment. The effects can be seen in his works. He was remembered as a founder of Polish biochemistry, anthropology and pathology, also as the author of chemical terminology and language. The essence of his thoughts is âTheory of Organic being”, which is an attempt to answer the question: âwhat is life?”. Jędrzej Śniadecki introduced a new definition of life based on the term âorganic power”. This work shows how import are the thoughts of Jędrzej Śniadecki in the context of the times in which he lived, as well as the following development of natural sciences, what makes him and his theories worth memory.
Formação permanente de professores e a educação ambiental crítica no contexto da escola pública
Authors: Sobral da Silva Maia Jorge
Published: March 2019

As diversas concepções do processo formativo de professores, tanto inicial quanto permanente podem ser consideradas na elaboração de estratégias para a inserção da educação ambiental na escola pública, uma vez que a transformação da sociedade rumo a um mundo sustentável e justo, em alguma medida, passa por esta instituição formadora de cidadania. Neste estudo discutimos estas concepções de forma crítica com vista a identificar fundamentos e práticas para a formação docente como educador ambiental em espaços formais de ensino, indicando caminhos para uma escola que, além da sustentabilidade, contribua com a transformação socioeconômica e ambiental, rumo a uma sociedade ambientalmente sustentável, socialmente justa e economicamente igualitária.
Aplicabilidade de um Modelo de Planejamento Estratégico em uma Organização Sem Fins Lucrativos
Authors: Do Rocio Cardoso Alano Elsi
Published: March 2019

O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a aplicabilidade de um Modelo de Planejamento Estratégico em uma Organização sem fins Lucrativos, na área de Ciências Sociais, mais especificamente em Administração, e consecutivamente seus resultados, dado ao fato de que os modelos desenvolvidos nesta área nem sempre são aplicados e tampouco seus resultados. Consecutivamente apresentou-se a organização que aplicou o referido modelo, a Congregação das Irmãs do Imaculado Coração de Maria - Sociedade Educação e Caridade (SEC) e seu Planejamento Estratégico em seu interstício de quatro anos. Considerando a realização de um Estudo de Caso primou-se pelas técnicas de pesquisa qualitativa em que se utilizou como metodologia entrevistas e análise documental. Como resultado foi possível detectar que o modelo adotado é plenamente aplicável, haja vista que foram identificados, no processo, os elementos presentes no referido modelo. Identificou-se que a adoção do Modelo pautou-se pelo não distanciamento da Instituição de seu objetivo primordial. Alguns benefícios advindos da realização do planejamento estratégico puderam ser levantados, tal como um melhor posicionamento da instituição frente às suas demandas.
Métodos qualitativos de pesquisa aplicados aos estudos da agricultura familiar
Authors: Fossá Juliano Luiz , Piovezana Leonel
Published: March 2019

Este artigo apresenta uma análise dos métodos qualitativos de pesquisa utilizados em teses publicadas pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Rural da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (PGDR/UFRGS) em temáticas referentes aos estudos da agricultura familiar. Ressaltamos as características dos métodos qualitativos, bem como sua importância nas investigações científicas e compreensões da realidade social. Selecionamos 12 teses que abordam a temática da agricultura familiar e se utilizam de métodos qualitativos de pesquisa no quadriênio compreendido entre 2013-2016. As análises apontaram que na totalidade dos trabalhos a principal estratégia do método materializou-se pela realização de entrevistas, compreendida como técnica para coleta de dados. Quanto à forma, em 100% (cem por cento) das teses, as entrevistas foram semiestruturadas e possibilitaram oportunidades e interações de conhecimentos nos momentos de suas realizações. Ressaltamos que houve utilização de outras técnicas para a coleta de dados, que ajudaram na assimilação e compreensão das informações de campo, como por exemplo: informantes-chave e anotações em diários de campo. As técnicas para análise dos dados coletados foram a partir de conteúdo por meio de categorias de análise. Consideramos que a utilização dos métodos qualitativos são aspectos  positivos, pois ressaltam a importância social, a diversidade e complexidade que integram esta categoria. Concluímos que a diversidade encontrada nas teses analisadas permitem inúmeras possibilidades de investigações sociais sobre a agricultura familiar por meio do método qualitativo. Nessa perspectiva de olhares, percebemos que o método qualitativo, assume também, uma perspectiva multifacetária ao se apresentar como caminho metodológico adequado de investigações sociais.
Relações Executivo-Legislativo no novo constitucionalismo latino-americano: o hiperpresidencialismo no Equador
Authors: Silveira Guilherme Andrade
Published: March 2019

Embora a nova Constituição do Equador de 2008 ofereça caminhos e possibilidades para a construção de um novo modelo democrático, mais avançado em termos de participação política e controle do Estado pela população, ela também está carregada de limites e contradições, notadamente relacionados à concentração de poderes pelo presidente. Esse trabalho investiga o paradoxo existente entre o hiperpresidencialismo e a ampliação dos mecanismos de participação popular. Para tanto, analisa a distribuição formal de poderes, com foco na relação Executivo-Legislativo, bem como identifica os seus principais resultados políticos. Como efeito desse paradoxo, o artigo conclui que a institucionalidade de um sistema político que não se constrói sobre o princípio da autonomia e do equilíbrio entre as funções do Estado pode debilitar sua própria institucionalidade democrática. Quando o Presidente dispõe de uma posição privilegiada frente às demais funções do Estado e à cidadania, cria-se as condições para o abuso do Executivo e para limitar o acesso da população ao Estado.
Educação ambiental e paradigma da complexidade: aproximações entre ciências naturais e ciências humanas
Authors: Massaê Kataoka Adriana , Manuela Morais Maria
Published: March 2019

Nos últimos anos a educação ambiental (EA) tem se firmado como um campo do conhecimento e de pesquisa que agrega contribuições de diferentes epistemologias. O conceito de EA surge por volta da década de setenta, inserido num contexto de lutas sociais ou direitos fundamentais. Posteriormente assume um caráter ambiental, marcado por uma visão naturalista, adotando concepções da biologia, numa atitude ecocêntrica, preocupada com a conservação dos ecossistemas e da biodiversidade, afastando-se do contexto social. Após 2004 começam a surgir as primeiras críticas a esta abordagem conceitual, e a EA  passa a ser reconhecida como “Educação”, integrando a dimensão humana, em seus aspectos sociais, políticos e econômicos. Consideramos que nesta caminhada a EA ampliou a capacidade de compreensão das múltiplas interações entre sociedade e ambiente, se posicionando de forma privilegiada para enfrentamento da crise socioambiental, na busca da transformação da relação sociedade e natureza. Todavia, como um pêndulo, a EA saiu de um extremo, ou seja, das abordagens que privilegiam o olhar das ciências naturais para o das ciências humanas, frequentemente carentes de informações específicas que permitam a compreensão dos fenômenos naturais. Considerando todo este percurso, propomos fazer uma reflexão inspirada em Morin que defende a humanização das ciências naturais e a naturalização das ciências sociais. Essa perspectiva epistemológica pode contribuir para a inserção transversal da EA no âmbito do ensino formal, quiçá do ensino superior, contribuindo na construção do conhecimento transdisciplinar envolvendo o indivíduo, a sociedade e a natureza, como um só elemento de reflexão.