bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hayes & Quinn’s TRIMP Concurrent Validity for Cycling
Authors: Moya Ramon Manuel , Javaloyes Torres Alejandro , Sarabia Jose Manuel
Published: February 2020

PURPOSE:Quantification models aim to accurately reflect the magnitude of the training stress imposed to the athlete, especially in sports with high training volumes, such as road cycling. The aim of this study was to explore the concurrent validity of a new whole-body bioenergetic TRIMP model (Hayes & Quinn, 2009) correlating the obtained training load scores in road cycling with other commonly used models (the Banister TRIMP, the sRPE model and Training Stress Score (TSS)). METHOD:After three weeks of familiarization with procedures and the performed test to determine VO2max, critical power (Pcrit), anaerobic work capacity (AWC) and Maximal Power Output (Pmax), 12 well-trained road cyclists performed 8 weeks of individual training to record their individual training data (duration, heart rate, power output and rate of perceived effort (RPE)). Different Pearson’s correlation was performed to assess the relationship between models and the changes in fitness. RESULTS: A very large correlation was found between Hayes & Quinn’s TRIMP and RPE session (r = 0.90; p < 0.001) and TSS (r = 0.88; p < 0.01) and a moderate correlation was found with Banister’s TRIMP (r = 0.64; p < 0.05). No significant correlation was found between changes in fitness and Hayes & Quinn’s TRIMP. CONCLUSION:According to these findings, Hayes & Quinn´s TRIMPis a promising mathematical model based on an individual´s bioenergetic profile that could be used to quantify training load in road cycling. This research increases our knowledge about training load models that use power output to measure intensity.
A 1-day maximal lactate steady-state assessment protocol for trained cyclists
Authors: Lillo-Bevia Jose Ramon , Moran-Navarro Ricardo , Martinez-Cava Alejandro , Cerezuela Victor , Pallares Jesus G.
Published: February 2020

The main aim of this study is to assess the validity of a new cycling protocol to estimate the Maximal Lactate Steady-State workload (MLSS) through a one-day incremental protocol (1day_MLSS). Eleven well-trained male cyclists performed 3 to 4 trials of 30-min constant load test (48-72h in between) to determine their respective MLSS workload. Then, on separate days, each cyclist carried out two identical graded exercise tests, comprised of four 10-minute long stages, with the initial load at 63% of their respective maximal aerobic power, 0.2 W·Kg-1 increments, and blood lactate concentration (BLC) determinations each 5 min. The results of the 1day_MLSS tests were analysed through three different constructs: i) BLC difference between 5th and 10th min of each stage (DIF_5to10), ii) BLC difference between the 10th min of two consecutive stages (DIF_10to10), and iii) difference in the mean BLC between the 5th and 10th min of two consecutive stages (DIF_mean). For all constructs, the physiological steady state was determined as the highest workload that could be maintained with a BLC rise lower than 1mmol·L-1.  No significant differences were detected between the MLSS workload (247 ± 22W) and any of the 1day_MLSS data analysis (250 ± 24W, 245 ± 23W and 243 ± 21W, respectively; p>0.05). When compared to the MLSS workload, strong ICCs and low bias values were found for these three constructs, especially for the DIF_10to10 workload (r=0.960; Bias=2.2 W). High within-subject reliability data were found for the DIF10_10 construct (ICC=0.846; CV=0.4%; Bias=2.2 ± 6.4W). The 1day_MLSS test and DIF_10to10 data analysis is a valid assessment to predict the MLSS workload in cycling, that considerably reduces the dedicated time, effort and human resources that requires the original test. The validity and reliability values reported in this project are higher than those achieved by other previous MLSS estimation tests.
Research on Application of Buckling Restrained Braces in Strengthening of Concrete Frame Structures
Authors: Ferdinand Niyonyungu , Jianchang Zhao , Qiangqiang Yang , Wang Guobing , Junjie Xu
Published: February 2020

This paper examines the application of BRB in strengthening of reinforced concrete frame structures to meet seismic requirements according to Chinese seismic design code. Elastic response spectrum analysis and nonlinear time history analysis are performed by taking a real engineering example that suffers weak first floor irregularity due to added loads and addition of one floor. With the method of equivalent stiffness and displacement-based design method, buckling restrained brace parameters are deduced and are used to model BRB in ETABS using plastic wen model. Three configurations of buckling restrained braces are studied together with ordinary braces. Under elastic state, the relationship between the required cross section area of BRB and ordinary braces is deduced from the formula of calculating elastic bearing capacity where it is shown that the area of the ordinary braces must be 1.25 times that of BRB for ensuring the same performance. The results show that Inverted V brace configuration demonstrated better performance over single brace and V brace configurations and X brace configuration, although not recommended by Chinese code, is simulated and used in this paper and has demonstrated better performance over other configurations, and the further research on the practical use of this brace is recommended. Also, under action of strong earthquakes, by nonlinear time history analysis, buckling restrained braces demonstrated better performance of strengthening the structure and make it meet the requirement of code. Under this same condition, ordinary braces losses their bearing capacity due to excessive buckling.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PERMAINAN MATEMATIKA KARTU CERDAS TANGKAS BILANGAN ROMAWI
Authors: Vebimawarti Putik
Published: February 2020

The aim of this research was to 1) find out the development of the learning media of fast smart cards of cardinal number; 2) find out the feasibility of the development of the learning media of fast smart cards of cardinal number; 3) find out the effectiveness of the learning media of fast smart cards of cardinal number toward the students’ learning achievement in fourth grade elementary school students; 4) find out the teacher’s response toward the learning media development in mathematics teaching-learning process using fast smart cards of cardinal number; and 5) find out the students’ response toward the learning media development in mathematics teaching-learning process using fast smart cards of cardinal number in fourth grade elementary school student. This research is a research and development research. The result of the development was the games media of fast smart cards of a cardinal number that had been tried-out fourth grade SD N Sokaraja Kidul. The result of the media validation showed that the learning media of fast smart cards of a cardinal number was in “valid” criteria. This research used an experimental design of The True Control Group, based on the result of the research. There was an effect on the learning media of fast smart cards of a cardinal number using games toward the students’ learning achievement, and the teacher’s response toward the media tryout was in “agree very much” criteria, while the students’ response toward the media tryout was in “very good” criteria. There were 19 students who all gave a very good response.
STUDI DESKRIPTIF PENERAPAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER ANAK TUNAGRAHITA SEDANG DI SEKOLAH DASAR LUAR BIASA
Authors: Putra Galih Dwiana
Published: February 2020

Character education is not only applied in public schools, but also for special schools with students who have special needs. This study aims to find out: (1) Application of honest character education discipline and responsibility for children with mental retardation in Banyumas Elementary School (2) Obstacles in the implementation of character education for mentally retarded children in SDLB Banyumas (3) Solutions to overcome obstacles in the application of education the character of mentally retarded children is at the Banyumas Primary School. This research was conducted at the Banyumas Elementary School. This research uses a descriptive method with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation study. Participants in the study were Principals, Teachers, Parents of moderate mentally retarded children, and Students with a classification of moderate retardation children. The results of the study are as follows: 1) The application of character education at the Banyumas Elementary School has been going well. This can be seen from the strategies and media of learning carried out by the teacher in applying character values. 2) Obstacles in the application of character education in Banyumas Elementary School are from aspects of physical characteristics, psychological characteristics, social characteristics, and aspects of parents or family. 3) Solutions to overcome obstacles in the application of character education, among others: the use of appropriate learning strategies supported by the learning media used, therapeutic classes, working with psychologists to determine children's abilities, and also the direction or understanding of the school to parents of students. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the application of character education at the Banyumas Elementary School has been going well. It can be assessed from the success of the school in implementing character education from the stages of socialization, planning, implementation, evaluation, development, and learning strategies used by the teacher. To overcome the obstacles, the solution that the school takes is to work together with a psychologist and also hold a guardian meeting with the parents of students.
MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI SEBAGAI MEDIASI PADA HUBUNGAN ANTARA DUKUNGAN SOSIAL DAN KETERLIBATAN SISWA DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Galugu Nur Saqinah
Published: February 2020

Students engagement is a very important variable to support students' academic achievement and success. Previous studies showed that the students who disengage will show a lazy behavior and will mislead them to dismiss their classes and even lead them to stop getting to school.This research aims to give an understanding to all professionals around the students', such as their parents, teachers, and peers about the importance of stimulating the students' motivation  so that they will engage in some particular school activities. The specific purpose of this study is to examine the correlation between the social support and students engagement at school mediated by achievement motivation.This research is a correlational research. The dependent variable (y) is students engagement measured by the school engagement index. While the Independent Variable (x) is a social support measured by using child and adolescents social support (CASS). Veriable mediation is an achievement motivation measured by Achievement Motive Scale. Data were analyzed by using the path analysis method. Participants were  120 students of senior high school number 3 Palopo selected by using the proportional sampling technique.The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation among social support, achievement motivation, and students engagement. While achievement achievement motivation can not be functioned as the mediator on the relationship of social support and student engagement, it is shown from the direct correlation which is greater than the indirect one. The results of this study contribute to the education sector in particular to minimize the students’ disengagement.
ANALISIS DAMPAK LALU LINTAS PENGEMBANGAN PASAR PON TRENGGALEK
Authors: Kriswanto Dwi , Ridwan Ahmad , Winarto Sigit
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT The plan to develop the Pon Trenggalek Market, which is located on Jl.RA Kartini No. 1 Trenggalek, will cause seizures and pulls which will reduce the performance of roads and intersections around the area. Therefore it is necessary to do an Traffic Impact Analysis (Andalalin) in order to minimize the decline in the performance of roads and intersections and be able to provide solutions to traffic problems that occur due to the development of the Trenggalek Pon Market. Keywords: Generating and pulling, Traffic impact analysis, Jl RA Kartini
ANALISA TEBAL PERKERASAN LENTUR PADA RENCANA PENINGKATAN JALAN RUAS LEGUNDI – PERTIGAAN BUNDER
Authors: Andriansyah P Fandra , Winarto Sigit , Setianto Poernomo Yosef Cahyo , Candra Agata Iwan
Published: February 2020

The final project is Analysis of Flexible Pavement Thickness in the Plan for Improvement of Legundi Road Section - Bunder KM.5 + 700 to 13 + 700 STA. 0 + 000 to 4 + 000which comprised the road geometrics, flexible pavement depth completed with the budgeting. A topographic map was employed to make a geometric design. Traffic data of 2018, rainfall data of 2018, and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) data were needed to design the flexible pavement depth. The basic itemized cost of wages, materials, tools, and work itemized cost from General Work BinaMarga of East Java Province Division IV (Surabaya, Gresik, Sidoarjo, Mojokerto, Jombang) were needed to find out the budget. Chosen alternative flexible pavement depth of 10 cm asphalt-concrete MS 744 surface, 20 cm Cement Tread Base (CTB) base, and 50 cm sand-aggregate class A (CBR 70) sub-base.The calculations result in PI 01 Full-Circle bend and PI 02 Full-Circle; at IDR 14.745.341.000.Laporan Akhir ini adalah Analisa Tebal Perkerasan Lentur Pada Rencana Peningkatan Jalan Ruas Legundi – Pertigaan Bunder KM.5+700 s/d 13+700 STA. 0+000 s/d 4+000 yang bertujuan untuk menghitung tebal perkerasan lentur jalan, menghitung geometric jalan dan rencana anggaran biaya proyek. Peta topografi sebagai dasar untuk merencanakan geometric jalan. Data lalu lintas tahun 2018, data curah hujan tahun 2018, data California Bearing Ratio (CBR) untuk merencanakan tebal perkerasan lenturjalan. Data Harga Satuan Dasar upah, bahan, dan alat serta Harga Satuan Pekerjaan dari Departemen Pekerjaan Umum Bina Marga Jatim kelompok IV (Surabaya, Gresik, Sidoarjo, Mojokerto, Jombang) digunakan untuk perhitungan Rencana Anggaran Biaya. Berdasarkan perhitungan didapatkan tebal perkerasan lentur alternative terpilih untuk surface 10cm laston MS 744, base 20 cm Cement Tread Base (CTB) ,serta sub base 50 cm Sirtukelas A (CBR 70). Bentuktikungan PI 01 Full-Circle, dan PI 02 Full-Circle. Biaya yang diperlukanadalahsebesarRp 14.745.341.000,-.
Contemporary Religious Literature Conversation Group
Authors: Ulrich Jennifer , Wells Donna
Published: February 2020

The Contemporary Religious Literature Conversation Group provides a space during the annual conference to discuss books and other resources that the group finds interesting and meaningful.  It’s a good place to find the next book on your reading list.
Envisioning Regional Library Groups
Authors: Miller Elizabeth Young , Schmidt Stacie , Cain Gillian Harrison
Published: February 2020

The past presidents of the Southeastern Pennsylvania Theological Library Association (SEPTLA) and the Southern California Theological Library Association (SCATLA), along with a representative from Atla, share the challenges and benefits of regional groups and how Atla can offer support.  Panelists discuss ways their regional organizations can remain relevant and move forward.
Small and Thriving: A Follow-Up to “The Future of the Small Theological Library”
Authors: Kennedy Stephens Myka , Young Miller Elizabeth , Ebertz Susan
Published: February 2020

Being small does not have to be a liability for theological libraries. This is the argument Myka Kennedy Stephens makes in her essay published in the April 2016 issue of Theological Librarianship. Instead, being small is something to take seriously and, in many cases, celebrate. As distance learning, hybrid pedagogy, and flipped classrooms continue to make inroads in theological education, how do we now envision the future of small theological libraries? This panel will explore and discuss habits that make theological librarians in smaller contexts successful. Staying attuned to needs, optimizing resources, and acting boldly are the habits Stephens names in her essay. This panel will discuss, expand, and share how these habits are applied in three small theological library contexts.
NACO/CONSER/SACO Listen-and-Learn Session
Authors: Lammert Richard Allen
Published: February 2020

This listen-and-learn session was primarily intended for participants in the Atla funnels for the NACO, CONSER, and SACO programs of the Program for Cooperative Cataloging. It provided an update from the PCC meeting in May, with an opportunity for participants to ask questions about the programs.
Editor's Introduction
Authors: Bennett Miranda
Published: February 2020

Editor-in-Chief's introduction to the Summary of Proceedings.
Floración de especies con potencial apícola en el Bosque nativo Formoseño, distrito Chaqueño oriental (Argentina)
Authors: Cabrera Mirta , Andrada Ana , Gallez Liliana
Published: February 2020

Con el propósito de inventariar y conocer el ritmo de floración de las especies vegetales de interés apícola, disponibles en la región del este del bosque nativo formoseño, se eligieron 14 apiarios y en cada uno de ellos se definió un área donde se realizaron los relevamientos de la vegetación. Durante las temporadas apícolas 2009-2012 se registró la floración de un total de 198 Angiospermae, de las cuales el 94,5% correspondieron a la flora nativa. Las familias con mayor diversidad de especies fueron Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Sapindaceae y Polygonaceae. El período de floración se extendió desde mediados de agosto hasta principios de abril. La oferta máxima de floración se registró entre octubre y diciembre. En las tres estaciones de estudio se observó predominio de las especies leñosas (67%) sobre las herbáceas, especialmente en primavera. La vegetación acuática y de humedales se caracterizó por su prolongada floración. La abundante floración del conjunto de especies que integran el bosque nativo formoseño constituye un valioso recurso de interés para la apicultura.
Preferencias alimenticias en las mieles inmaduras de Apis mellifera en el Chaco Serrano (Jujuy, Argentina) .
Authors: Burgos Mónica G. , Sánchez Ana C.
Published: February 2020

Este trabajo forma parte del estudio de los recursos alimenticios utilizados por Apis melliferaen el Distrito Chaco Serrano en la provincia de Jujuy. Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en los análisis melisopalinológicos realizados a muestras de mieles inmaduras tomadas a lo largo de un ciclo productivo en dos apiarios: Finca Doña Hermes (El Pongo) y Watraymiski (Severino). Las muestras se procesaron de acuerdo a la metodología estándar. Para El Pongo se registraron 57 tipos polínicos mientras que para Severino se identificaron 59. Según el origen de los tipos encontrados, se destacan los elementos correspondientes a la transición entre Yungas y Chaco y los relacionados con la actividad humana, encontrándose como dominantes Mimosa xanthocentra, Parapiptadenia excelsa, Salix humboldtiana, Rapistrum rugosum y Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil.
Anatomía de la raíz y endófitos radicales en Podocarpus parlatorei (Podocarpaceae)
Authors: Leone María F , Luque Ana C. , Almirón Mariano , Albornoz Patricia L. , Arias Marta E.
Published: February 2020

Podocarpus parlatorei Pilg. conocido como “pino del cerro” es un árbol de hasta 20 m de altura, crece en los bosques montanos entre los 1500 y 2000 msm y es el único representante arbóreo autóctono de Gimnosperma en el norte de Argentina. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar la anatomía de la raíz y los endófitos radicales en P. parlatorei, comparativamente entre individuos de Tucumán y Catamarca. Se aplicaron técnicas histológicas y tinción convencionales. Los resultados evidenciaron que los individuos provenientes de ambas provincias presentaron la misma característica estructural en los distintos estadios de desarrollo, difiriendo en la cantidad de estratos en el tejido cortical. Se observó la presencia de endomicorrizas arbusculares con los tipos morfológicos Arum y Paris, tanto en raíces como en nódulos. Para la especie en estudio se cita por primera vez la presencia de células con engrosamientos secundarios no lignificados en el parénquima cortical de las raíces primarias y de los nódulos, cuya función sería mecánica y de absorción. Además, se cita por primera vez para Argentina la presencia de hongos micorrícicos arbusculares y de septados oscuros y se describe la morfología de ambos endófitos radicales en P. parlatorei.
Calidad botánica de drogas crudas comercializadas como “canchalagua” en Córdoba, Argentina.
Authors: Molinelli María L. , Perissé Patricia , Fuentes Elsa , Planchuelo Ana M.
Published: February 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar las especies, aportar caracteres morfo-anatómicos de valor diagnóstico y establecer la legitimidad de las drogas crudas que se expenden bajo el nombre de “canchalagua”. Se analizaron 59 muestras de drogas compradas en comercios de la ciudad de Córdoba (Departamento Capital), Alta Gracia (Departamento Santa María), Villa General Belgrano y Santa Rosa de Calamuchita (Departamento Calamuchita) rotuladas con el nombre de “canchalagua”. Se determinaron los taxones que componían cada una de las muestras y se realizaron estudios morfo-anatómicos de las hojas, tallos, flores y frutos encontrados, empleando distintas técnicas de histología vegetal. Los resultados demostraron que se expenden como droga pura de “canchalagua” Scoparia montevidensis (Plantaginaceae), Schkuria pinnata (Asteraceae) y las mezclas de ambas. Se identificó también a Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae) como adulterante de Schkuria pinnata. La evaluación de calidad demostró la presencia de mezclas de especies, adulteraciones y falsificaciones, correspondiendo estos casos a muestras que no reúnen los requisitos de calidad botánica para su comercialización. Las caracterizaciones morfo-anatómicas de hojas, flores y frutos presentadas en este trabajo, aportan información de valor diagnóstico para los controles de calidad botánico de las muestras de “canchalagua”.
Sinonimias en el género Chaptalia (Asteraceae), con una clave actualizada de las especies argentinas
Authors: Katinas Liliana , Vitali Maira S. , Apodaca María José
Published: February 2020

Se establece la sinonimia entre las especies Chaptalia graminifolia, C. mandonii, C.piloselloides y C. runcinata, bajo el nombre de C. piloselloides. Se presenta una re-descripción de C.piloselloides con ilustración y mapa de distribución de la especie y una clave actualizada de las especies argentinas de Chaptalia.
Estructura, distribución y estado de conservación de los bosques de Prosopis flexuosa del Bolsón de Fiambalá (Catamarca)
Authors: Alvarez Juan A. , Villagra Pablo E. , Cesca Erica M. , Rojas Facundo , Delgado Silvia
Published: February 2020

Los bosques de Prosopis flexuosa han permitido históricamente la subsistencia y desarrollo de los oasis productivos al pie de la Cordillera de Los Andes, mediante el uso de sus recursos forestales. La normativa actual determina que la utilización de estos recursos dependa del ordenamiento territorial de los bosques. Sin embargo, el conocimiento de los bosques de zonas áridas es incompleto. Nos propusimos determinar: distribución, estructura actual, estado de conservación y crecimiento leñoso de los algarrobales del Bolsón de Fiambalá. Se identificaron unidades boscosas mediante la clasificación supervisada de imágenes. Se realizaron estudios poblacionales de P. flexuosa, se midieron variables alométricas y se aplicaron técnicas dendrocronológicas tradicionales. Se distinguieron dos tipos de bosque: denso con mayor cobertura total (39 %) y ralo (21 %). Las estructuras de diámetro fueron similares, sin embargo fue mayor la altura total, la cantidad de árboles maderables y el área basal en el bosque denso. Fue similar el grado de utilización y el estado de conservación. Las diferencias entre los bosques pueden explicarse por la posición del bosque relativa al acuífero subterráneo y al tipo de suelo. La conservación y utilización controlada de estos recursos, constituye un aporte a la mitigación del cambio climático ya que los algarrobales constituyen el principal reservorio de C en los sistemas desérticos.
Aislamientos nativos de Trichoderma harzianum inducen resistencia a Zymoseptoria tritici en plantas de trigo.
Authors: Stocco Marina C. , Mansilla Andrea Y. , Mónaco Cecilia I. , Segarra Carmen , Lampugnani Gladys , Abramoff Cecilia , Marchetti María F. , Kripelz Natalía , Cordo Cristina C. , Consolo Verónica F.
Published: February 2020

Aislamientos nativos de Trichoderma harzianum inducen resistencia a Zymoseptoria tritici en plantas de trigo. La Septoriosis del trigo es endémica en las regiones productoras de Argentina, impactando en su rendimiento. Una alternativa de manejo, es el uso de agentes de biocontrol. Se propuso: determinar la efectividad de los aislamientos de Trichoderma obtenidos a partir de suelos de diferentes localidades de la región triguera argentina, sobre el control de la enfermedad y caracterizar la actividad de la serín proteasa (con capacidad antifúngica) del fluido intercelular de trigo generada por los mejores aislamientos. Para determinar la capacidad biocontroladora de los 90 aislamientos de Trichoderma, se sembraron semillas recubiertas con cada uno de los antagonistas y posteriormente las plántulas se inocularon con Zymoseptoria tritici. Se evaluó la capacidad de cada aislamiento del biocontrolador para restringir el progreso de la septoriosis 21 días después de la inoculación. A las plantas tratadas con las 10 mejores cepas de T. harzianum, se les midió el incremento de la actividad proteolítica. Cuatro de los aislamientos (2 y 8, de Los Hornos y 129 y 141 de Manfredi) disminuyeron el porcentaje de cobertura picnidial y se destacaron por el aumento de la actividad proteolítica en un cultivar susceptible. Éste comportamiento se asocia a un mecanismo bioquímico de defensa con un efecto sistémico temprano.
Thermal energy harvesting using pyroelectric-electrochemical coupling in ferroelectric materials
Authors: Bowen Chris
Published: February 2020

Recently, the coupling of ferroelectrics with electrochemical reactions hasattracted increasing interest for harvesting waste heat. The change of polarization of a ferroelectric with temperature can be used to influence chemical reactions, especially when the material is cycled near its Curie temperature. In thisperspective, we introduce the principle of pyroelectric controlled electrochemical processes by harvesting waste heat energy and explore their potentialelectrochemical applications, such as water treatment, air purification, and hydrogen generation. As an emerging approach for driving electrochemical reactions, the presence of thermal fluctuations and/or transient waste heat in the environment has the potential to be the primary thermal input for driving the change in polarization of a pyroelectric to release charge for such reactions. There are a number of avenues to explore, and we summarize strategies forforming multi-functional or hybrid materials and future directions such as selecting pyroelectrics with low Curie temperature (<100?C), improved heat conductivity, enhanced surface area or porosity, tailored microstructures, and systems capable of operating over a broader temperature range.
Active Modulation of Memory CD8+T cells Through a Photothermal-Metbolism Based Tumor Vaccine for Cancer Prevention and Treatment
Authors: Luo Lihua , Li Xiang , Zhang Junlei , Zhu Chunqi , Jiang Mengshi , Luo Zhenyu , Qin Bing , Shi Yingying , Yin Hang , Yuan Xiaoling , Wang Yanqing , Chen Bin , Du Yongzhong , You Jian
Published: February 2020

Tumor vaccine inducing effective and perdurable antitumor immunity has a great potential for cancer prevention and therapy. The key indicator for a successful tumor vaccine is to boost the immune system to produce more memory T cells. Although many tumor vaccines have been designed in the past two decades, few of them involve actively regulating immune memory CD8+T cells. The behavior of tumor-associated antigens (TAA) in stimulating the immune system is related to the formation of immune memory. At the same time, the metabolic pattern of memory CD8+T cells changed significantly compared to effector T cells. Here we present a tumor vaccine vector (TA-Met@MS) by encapsulating tumor antigen (TA, the whole tumor cell antigen induced with photothermal-therapy (PTT) as a TAA model), metformin (Met, an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)) and Hollow gold nanospheres (HAuNS, with photothermal conversion effect in the near infrared (NIR) region) into poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres. TA via the treatment with PTT showed high immunogenicity and immune-adjuvant effectiveness. We found that NIR light-mediated photothermal effect lead to a pulsed-release behavior of TA and Met from the microspheres, based on their sustained release. The released TA regulated primary T cell expansion and contraction, and stimulated the production of effector T cells at the early immunization stage. The metabolic behavior of the cells was then intervened from glycolysis into fatty acids oxidation (FAO) through the activation of AMPK mediated by the released Met, which enhanced cell survival and facilitated the differentiation of memory CD8+T cells. Our study may present a valuable insight to design tumor vaccine for enhanced cancer prevention and therapy.
Spontaneous Melodic Productions of Expert Musicians Contain Sequencing Biases Seen in Language Production
Authors: Beaty Roger , Frieler Klaus , Norgaard Martin , Merseal Hannah Meghan , MacDonald Maryellen , Weiss Daniel
Published: February 2020

Language production involves complex action sequencing to produce fluent speech in real-time, placing considerable constraints on working memory that lead to sequencing biases in production. Researchers have speculated that these biases may extend beyond language to other human behaviors involving action sequencing, but this claim has not been empirically investigated. Here we provide a strong test of this hypothesis, examining whether biases seen in language production also constrain one of the most complex and spontaneous human behaviors: musical improvisation. Using a large corpus of improvised solo transcriptions from eminent jazz musicians, we test for the existence of an established production bias observed in language production termed easy first—a tendency for more accessible sequences to occur at the beginning of a phrase, allowing incremental planning of more complex phrases. Our analysis shows consistent evidence of easy first in improvised music. We find that the beginning of improvised musical phrases contains 1) more frequently occurring interval patterns, 2) smaller intervals, 3) less interval variety, 4) less pitch variety, and 5) fewer direction changes. There was no easy first bias in a control corpus containing simulated data with the same structure, indicating that the effects are specific to real-time melodic production and not simply due to stylistic conventions. The findings indicate that even expert jazz musicians, known for spontaneous creative performance, reliably retrieve easily-accessed melodic sequences before creating more complex sequences—consistent with an incremental planning strategy employed in language production—suggesting that similar biases constrain the spontaneous production of music and language.
Blockchain Interfaced Sacure E-Voting System
Authors: Shrestha Raj , Sah Rajiv , Shrestha Sabin , Sarawagi Shailja , Adhikari Nanda Bikram
Published: February 2020

National elections are a big deal which has a major role in the development and progress of a country. The security of an election is in fact the matter of national security. Current voting systems in the context of Nepal and other parts of the world are still traditional and insecure. From the dawn of democracy, elections are still based on pen and papers. While there are new electronic voting machines, these systems have a high risk of rigging and are prone to failure, crashes, and attacks from intruders. The stated problems can be addressed through the implementation of new technology namely Blockchain for a transparent and reliable voting process. A blockchain based voting platform has been built to make the voting process digital, secure, reliable and intuitive. The votes casted by voters are stored in the blockchain, thus making it immutable and secure. The system can be scaled based on the requirements of an election. Voters can login to the system with the help of encrypted identification. This encrypted identification will lead to secure voting process. A separate portal for both voters and the election commission reduces the election hassle and time. So, in this system, it is demonstrated how the use of blockchain platform could contribute to modern elections using Ethereum, smart contracts and distributed systems to provide voters with secure, transparent and reliable voting platform.
Withholding System PPh Pasal 23 Menggunakan Microsoft Visual Basic.Net
Authors: Suhartono Suhartono , Hamid Abdul , Santoso Rame
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT - Sustainable national development from year to year to improve the lives and welfare of the people, requires the support of human resources, natural resources and huge financial resources. There are many financial resources that can be obtained by the state, one of them through taxes. Article 23 Income Tax as a source of state finance has problems in the process of cutting, depositing and reporting. An error occurring in the process may result in a deficiency in the amount of tax that should be deposited into the state treasury so as to prejudice and reduce state revenues. One method for managing tax payable taxpayers in order to enter the state treasury is to use the withholding system, in which the state authorizes third parties to deduct or levy the amount of tax payable by the taxpayer. There are many examples of cases that occur in tax evasion, where taxpayers pay little of their obligations to tax elements to enrich themselves and only a few are deposited into the state treasury. It takes good coordination and cooperation between related institutions and agencies so that leakage and tax evasion can be eliminated so that tax revenue can be increased.

Keywords: Withholding, System, PPh, Article 23, Visual Basic.Net
Implementasi Metode DSDM Pada SIPELAKOR
Authors: Purnia Dini Silvi , Nur Devi Fauziah
Published: February 2020

Abstract - Posyandu is a unit of the Ministry of Health implemented a working area in shade local health centers. The Ministry of health integrated program is usually done each month. In service there are a number of issues including Posyandu officer posyandu do record keeping and reporting in the form of a paper record-keeping or paperbase. This is a very slow process of work of the officers of the posyandu and not efisien Posyandu services process and often the parents who come to the Posyandu by not bringing KMS made the parents do not have a handle to monitor Toddler development so that in this study enulis information systems Design Services make Posyandu as Monitoring Developments for parents (SIPELAKOR) as one of the solutions of the problems of the existing system running at Posyandu to help simplify the entire process of service development and monitoring of Posyandu Toddlers using Dynamic System Development Method (DSDM) as a method of development lnak and the Unified Modelling Language (UML) as an Object-based visual modeling tools for designing this Posyandu services system.

Keywords : Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM),Posyandu, information systems, and the Unified Modeling Language (UML)
Pre-Sowing Treatments Accelerate Germination Percent for Restoration of Fourteen Threatened Tree Species in Bangladesh
Authors: Hasnat G.N.T. , Hossain M.A. , Hossain M.K.
Published: February 2020

Ecologically valuable native tree species are becoming threatened due to deforestation, forest fragmentation and preference of fast-growing exotics than the native ones in plantation. One of the main reasons for the preference of exotic species than the native ones is its higher rate of germination and rapid growth. The effect of different pre-sowing treatments was studied on fourteen threatened tree species of Bangladesh to find out the appropriate treatments for speed up germination rate and initial seedling growth. These species are ecologically valuable multipurpose indigenous trees of Bangladesh. Methanol extract of Castanopsis indica leaves could decrease the tumor Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma volume and weight. Lophopetalum wightianum is a globally threatened tree species. Hard coated seeds of Canarium resiniferum, Castanopsis indica, Protium serratum, Quercus acuminata and Vitex peduncularis were treated with sand paper, nicking, normal water, hot water, H2SO4 and HCl. Soft coated seeds of Brownlowia elata, Dichopsis polyantha, Firmiana colorata, Lophopetalum wightianum, Pterospermum acerifolium, Pterospermum semisagittatum, Pterygota alata, Schleichera oleosa and Sterculia villosa were sown in polybags, propagator house and nursery bed in normal, flat and 45o angle positions. Among all hard-coated seeds, Castanopsis indica showed significantly higher germination percentage (67%) after seeds treated with sandpaper in comparison to control (25%). Soft-coated seeds of Lophopetalum wightianum showed significantly higher germination percentage (90%) among all studied species when sown in propagator house, whereas in natural condition it provides only 26% germination rate. This paper will help to restore ecologically valuable threatened species.
Insect Flower Visitors and their Role in Mangrove Pollination: A Study from East Coast of India
Authors: Panda M. , Lele N. , Samal R.N. , Dalai D. , Parida S.P. , Murthy T.V.R.
Published: February 2020

Insects play a critical role in bringing successful pollination in angiosperms. Mangrove pollination is a poorly studied aspect from scientific community. This particular work investigated the insect visitors and other prospective of mangrove flowers. Twenty two species (i.e., 17 true and 5 mangrove associates) from Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary and Devi estuary of Odisha state (East coast of India) were selected; plants were pre-marked and visiting insects were recorded starting from 07.00 am to 13.00 pm during the flowering period of each species. Fifty three species of insects which belongs to seven orders, twenty five families and forty four genera were recorded. The highest, i.e., 14 sp. of insects had been recorded from Aegiceras corniculatum which is a small tree and riverine mangrove. Among insects, bees were found as the most common flower visitors (in 82% mangroves) and particularly “honey bee”, i.e., Apis dorsata visited to sixteen mangrove species (i.e., 73% mangroves). Bees, particularly Honeybee (A. dorsata), sweet bee (Lasioglossum sp.) and carpenter bee (Xylocopa pubescens) were actively engaged in pollen dispersal. Resident time and visitation rate supported that bees with highest visitation rate and low resident time were powerful candidates in bringing mangrove pollination. Wasps, beetles and butterflies act more to be foraging species. Facilitation of bee management and particularly supporting apiculture will help to increase pollination successes of rare and threatened mangroves at regional and global level.
Studies on the factors that restrict sexual reproduction and fruit setting in Memecylon flavescens – an endangered taxon
Authors: Tejavathi D.H. , Sumalatha B.S. , Nijagunaiah R. , Anitha P. , Gayatramma K.
Published: February 2020

Memecylon flavescens Gamble is an endangered taxon of Nilgiri region of Western Ghats. Extensive survey in the study area- Avalanche, Ooty made during 2015-18 has revealed a few interesting aspects about the sexual reproductive cycle. Fruit setting is substantially very low though profuse flowering occurs. Flowers are hermaphrodite, actinomorphic, tetramerous, pin type and protogynous, favouring cross-pollination. Pollen fertility as assessed by Alexander’s differential staining is about 30%. Sections of flower buds have revealed the infestation by undescribed gallmidge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). In 90% of the flower buds observed, gall midge galleries are seen at various levels in the flower bud, destroying the reproductive organs by larval feeding. Hence, negligible fruit setting is mainly due to gallmidge infestation. Protogynous nature and low percent of pollen fertility are added factors aggravating the effect on fruit setting.
Method Validation for Analysis of Aroclor 1260 in Transformer Oil using Gas Chromatography – Electron Capture Detection
Authors: Jeevanantham J.J. , Dissanayake D.A.T.W.K. , Liyanaarachchi G.V.V , Mubarak M.N.A. , Wijesinghe W.M.A.K. , Wijegunasekara J.K.A.B.
Published: February 2020

Since early 1980’s, the production and usage of Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been banned throughout the world due to its carcinogenicity to humans and animals. However, due to the large half-lives of PCBs, large amounts of stocks are still available in storage. This study presents the validation data of the method developed for analysis of Aroclor 1260 in transformer oils in order to determine the concentrations for systematic disposal and destruction.The transformer oil samples were prepared according to the ASTM D 4059 with few modifications. PCBs in transformer oils were extracted with iso-octane followed by deactivated florisil cleanup and detection by GC – ECD using HP 5 GC column (30 m x 0.32 mm x 0.25 μm). The study was performed under matrix matched condition to eliminate the matrix effect that was found to be significant. The method was found linear over a wide working range from 2.5 ppm – 100 ppm with a regression coefficient of 0.994 and a lower limit of determination of 2.5ppm. Method showed satisfactory repeatability with relative standard deviation below 7% over the entire working range. Accuracy of the method was assured using spike recoveries at 5 ppm, 10 ppm and 50 ppm with 85%, 105% and 93% respectively. The selectivity of Aroclor 1260 was confirmed against Aroclor 1254 and Aroclor 1242 considering uniquely identified non – overlapping chromatographic peaks. Based on the performance characteristics, this method can be suggested as an accurate and precise methodology to analyze Aroclor 1260 present in transformer oil.
Communication Strategies Used by Teacher
Authors: Pangaribuan Darman , Agustina Stefani , Pratiwi Anggie , Manalu Elfian , Sembiring Yenita br
Published: February 2020

This thesis was aimed to find teacher communication strategies during classroom interaction. This research was conducted in SMP SWASTA Brigjend Katamso 1 Medan. The subject of this research was the English Teacher. We used a qualitative approach, more specifically classroom discourse analysis, in analyzing this study since the source of the data were communication strategies which are used by an English teacher in communicating with her students during an English teaching-learning activity. We took the data by recording 90 minutes of English Lessons. We used Faerch and Kasper as a framework for this data analysis, for the reason of its specification and newness. The result showed that the five strategies used were repetition. From those strategies, code-switching was the strategy that was most frequently used by the teacher during the process of teaching and learning. The teacher`s reasons for applying those communication strategies were to overcome the communication barriers that occur between the teacher and the students to help the students understand and memorize the material more accessible. The result of the interview also showed that the students had a good perception of the implementation of communication strategies used by the teacher in the classroom.

Keywords: Achievement strategies, Communication strategies, Reduction strategies, Teacher
Assessment of Clinical and Economic Effectiveness of Alectinib for Patients with ALK+ Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer without Previous Experience of Targeted Therapy
Authors: Nedogoda Sergey Vladimirovich , Salasyuk Alla Sergeevna , Barykina Irina Nikolaevna , Smirnova Victoria Olegovna , Popova Ekaterina Andreevna
Published: February 2020

Aim: to assess economic consequences of alectinib compared with the recommended therapy schemes for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with tumor expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK+) without previous experience of targeted therapy from the Russian healthcare
system perspective.

Material and methods. Markov model was developed in Microsoft Excel 2010 software for cost calculation. 5-year costs of alectinib, crizotinib and ceritinib were calculated, taking into account the differences in clinical effectiveness and safety of the compared drugs. Data about clinical effectiveness and safety were derived from the network meta-analysis Steenrod A. et al, 2018, where alectinib showed superior effectiveness in the first line of therapy for ALK+ NSCLC vs crizotinib and ceritinib: relative risk (RR) of progression-free survival (PFS) was 0,50 (95% confidence interval 0,36–0,70) and 0,41 (0,25–0,67) respectively. Safety of alectinib in the first line therapy was superior to the safety of ceritinib – RR of severe adverse events (SAE)3–4 grade 0,36 (95% CI 0,17–0,79), – and was comparable with safety of chemotherapy and crizotinib – RR of SAE 3–4 grade 0,81 (95% CI 0,44–1,52) and 0,65 (95% CI 0,51–1,04) respectively. Cost effectiveness analyses and budget impact analysis were conducted from the Russian healthcare system perspective.

Results. Cost of one year course of alectinib was 3 431 970 rubles, which was comparable with crizotinib (3 435 405 rub.) and 55% higher than the one-year cost of ceritinib. Cost-effectiveness ratio was lower for alectinib compared with crizotinib, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for alectinib vs crizotinib was 2 735 900 rub., which was 66% lower than ICER for ceritinib vs crizotinib. Given the number of patients eligible for alectinib, it’s impact on State Guarantees Program of Free Medical Care is not much. Sensitivity analysis showed that the results of budget impact assessment are stable.

Conclusion. Alectinib is a preferred option for patients with ALK+ NSCLC from economic point of view. It doesn’t have a significant impact on the budget within the State Guarantees Program of Free Medical Care, and also has higher effectiveness compared with crizotinib and ceritinib and better safety when compared with ceritinib.
Quelques repères historiques sur l’histoiredu financement des cabinets ministériels
Authors: Tellier Thibault
Published: February 2020

Après le règne des entourages et de leurs avantages discrétionnaires avant la IIIe République, la question de la structuration et de la transparence des cabinets ministériels fait l’objet de textes en 1911, 1936 et 1948 mais celle du financement reste dans l’ombre alors que les avantages de carrière des membres de cabinet sont de plus en plus contestés.
Plaidoyer pour un statut plus transparentdes cabinets ministériels ?
Authors: Mouton Stéphane
Published: February 2020

Une reconnaissance constitutionnelle des collaborateurs permettrait de consacrer le vertueux mouvement juridique qui tente de résoudre la situation intenable dans laquelle les plonge le paradoxe qui les enferme : politiquement, leur existence est incontestable et incontestée. Mais juridiquement leur existence est minorée, comme leurs fonctions. Reconnus par la Constitution, ils deviendraient visibles juridiquement et donc contrôlables notamment par le biais des contrôles des deniers publics que le pouvoir gouvernemental engage pour son organisation et son fonctionnement.
Cabinets de l’Exécutif et finances publiques : un regard de politiste
Authors: Eymeri-Douzans Jean-Michel
Published: February 2020

Cet article adopte sur le sujet des cabinets de l’Exécutif et des finances publiques une perspective de science politique, sensible à la socio-histoire du politique et soucieuse de comparaison. Il est construit autour de la réponse à deux questions jumelles : que font les cabinets de l’Exécutif aux finances ? Et que font les cabinets des finances publiques qu’ils drainent. Répondre à ces questions est l’occasion d’interroger la place des entourages volumineux et puissants à la française dans « l’économie politique » du régime de laVe République.