bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PhoBERT: Application in Disease Classification based on Vietnamese Symptom Analysis
Authors: Nguyen Hai Thanh , Huynh Tuyet Ngoc , Mai Nhi Thien Ngoc , Le Khoa Dang Dang , Thi-Ngoc-Diem Pham
Published: August 2023

Besides the successful use of support software in cutting-edge medical procedures, the significance of determining a disease early signs and symptoms before its detection is a growing pressing requirement to raise the standard of medical examination and treatment. This creates favourable conditions, reduces patient inconvenience and hospital overcrowding. Before transferring patients to an appropriate doctor, healthcare staff must have the patient’s symptoms. This study leverages the PhoBERT model to assist in classifying patients with text classification tasks based on symptoms they provided in the first stages of Vietnamese hospital admission. The outcomes of PhoBERT on more than 200 000 text-based symptoms collected from Vietnamese hospitals can improve the classification performance compared to Bag of Words (BOW) with classic machine learning algorithms, and some considered deep learning architectures such as 1D-Convolutional Neural Networks and Long Short-Term Memory. The proposed method can achieve promising results to be deployed in automatic hospital admission procedures in Vietnam.
UW Deep SLAM-CNN Assisted Underwater SLAM
Authors: Amarasinghe Chinthaka , Ratnaweera Asanga , Maitripala Sanjeeva
Published: August 2023

Underwater simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) poses significant challenges for modern visual SLAM systems. The integration of deep learning networks within computer vision offers promising potential for addressing these difficulties. Our research draws inspiration from deep learning approaches applied to interest point detection and matching, single image depth prediction and underwater image enhancement. In response, we propose 3D-Net, a deep learning-assisted network designed to tackle these three tasks simultaneously. The network consists of three branches, each serving a distinct purpose: interest point detection, descriptor generation, and depth prediction. The interest point detector and descriptor generator can effectively serve as a front end for a classical SLAM system. The predicted depth information is akin to a virtual depth camera, opening up possibilities for various applications. We provide quantitative and qualitative evaluations to illustrate some of these potential uses. The network was trained in in several steps, using in-air datasets and followed by generated underwater datasets. Further, the network is integrated into feature-based SALM systems ORBSLAM2 and ORBSSLAM3, providing a comprehensive assessment of its effectiveness for underwater navigation.
Classification of COVID-19 Chest X-Ray Images Based on Speeded Up Robust Features and Clustering-Based Support Vector Machines
Authors: Rajab Maher I.
Published: August 2023

Due to the worldwide deficiency of medical test kits and the significant time required by radiology experts to identify the new COVID-19, it is essential to develop fast, robust, and intelligent chest X-ray (CXR) image classification system. The proposed method consists of two major components: feature extraction and classification. The Bag of image features algorithm creates visual vocabulary from two training data categories of chest X-ray images: Normal and COVID-19 patients’ datasets. The algorithm extracts salient features and descriptors from CXR images using the Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF) algorithm. Machine learning with the Clustering-Based Support Vector Machines (CB-SVMs) multiclass classifier is trained using SURF features to classify the CXR image categories. The careful collection of ground truth Normal and COVID-19 CXR datasets, provided by worldwide expert radiologists, has certainly influenced the performance of the proposed CB-SVMs classifier to preserve the generalization capabilities. The high classification accuracy of 99 % demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method, where the accuracy is assessed on an independent test sets.
Inquisitive Genetic-Based Wolf Optimization for Load Balancing in Cloud Computing
Authors: Sansanwal Suman , Jain Nitin
Published: August 2023

Cloud remains an active and dominant player in the field of information technology. Hence, to meet the rapidly growing requirement of computational processes and storage resources, the cloud provider deploys efficient data centres globally that comprise thousands of IT servers. Because of tremendous energy and resource utilization, a reliable cloud platform has to be necessarily optimized. Effective load balancing is a great option to overcome these issues. However, loading balancing difficulties, such as increased computational complexity, the chance of losing the client data during task rescheduling, and consuming huge memory of the host, and new VM (Virtual Machine), need appropriate optimization. Hence, the study aims to create a newly developed IG-WA (Inquisitive Genetic–Wolf Optimization) framework that meritoriously detects the optimized virtual machine in an environment. For this purpose, the system utilises the GWO (Grey Wolf Optimization) method with an evolutionary mechanism for achieving a proper compromise between exploitation and exploration, thereby accelerating the convergence and achieving optimized accuracy. Furthermore, the fitness function evaluated with an inquisitive genetic algorithm adds value to the overall efficacy. Performance evaluation brings forward the outperformance of the proposed IGWO system in terms of energy consumption, execution time and cost, makespan, CPU utilization, and memory utilization. Further, the system attains more comprehensive and better results when compared to the state of art methods.
Sustainable Biomethane Production from Sewage Sludge and Wheat Straw Co-Digestion in the Presence of Polypyrrole Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and Alkaline Pretreatment: Life Cycle Assessment Point of View
Authors: Jafari Gholamhossein , Ardabili Sina , Pourdarbani Razieh , Abbaszadeh Behzad , Hernandez-Hernandez Mario
Published: August 2023

Biogas production from sewage sludge can be valued in different scenarios of energy usage such as the electricity, heating, and transportation system. Improving the energy production value is the main reason for using different ways such as alkaline pretreatment and nanoparticles (NPs). This investigation uses life cycle assessment (LCA) for evaluating the biomethane production from co-digestion of sewage sludge and wheat straw in the presence of polypyrrole Fe3O4 nanoparticles (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg) and NaOH alkaline pretreatment (0 and 5 mg) at mesophilic anaerobic digestion along with optimization for sustainable biomethane production. Results indicated that retention time (RT) and NaOH concentration had a significant effect on biomethane production. But, the effect of NP concentration on biomethane production was not significant. Also, the maximum biomethane production was obtained by NP40Na0 (about 50% higher than the control). On average, adding the NaOH and NPs improved the biomethane yield by about 25–40% vs in comparison with the control. The maximum biogas production yield was related to NP40Na0 with an enhancement of about 35% in comparison with the control. On average, adding nanoparticles and NaOH alkaline pretreatment improved the biogas production by about 10–20% in comparison with the control. Sustainable biomethane production can be obtained at an NP concentration of 50.24 mg and NaOH concentration of 24.04 mg, which increased the biomethane production by about 198%, and reduced human health, ecosystem quality, climate change, resources, and economic cost by about 87, 86, 92, 95, and 87%, respectively, in comparison with the control.
Physico-Mechanical Properties of Sugarcane Stalks
Authors: Abdelhady Ahmed , Ibrahim Mohamed , Mansour Hani , El-Shafie Ahmed , Abd El Rahman Eid
Published: August 2023

Manual harvesting of sugarcane requires skilled labourers, as improper harvesting leads to a significant loss of yield. Therefore, it is necessary to move towards designing a system capable of harvesting sugarcane on smallholdings, with high harvesting efficiency. This study aims to determine some physico-mechanical properties of sugarcane stalks related to harvester by making a comprehensive analysis of the compressing, bending, and shearing properties of sugarcane stalks. These properties were measured at three moisture content levels at three positions (base, middle, and top) of the stalk with three sugarcane varieties (G.T.54-9, IK 76-66, and HAO3-55-24). The different moisture contents were fresh stalk, after 7 days, and after 15 days. The values of different content with different varieties were (70.3, 42.1, and 23.2%), (68.7, 61.3, and 42.7%) and (66.4, 48.6, and 30.5%), respectively. The physico-mechanical properties of stalks were measured in terms of diameter, length, fresh mass, moisture content, sugarcane stalk bulk density, compression stress, shear stress and bending stress at three different positions (top, middle, and base).The most important results showed that the decreasing stalk moisture content of three sugarcane varieties led to an increase in compression, shear, and bending stresses.
Use of Digital Image Correlation in Predicting Mechanical Properties of Parts Made by Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Pernica Jakub , Gajdaczek Tomáš , Černý Pavel , Dostal Petr , Brabec Martin , Korenko Maroš
Published: August 2023

The publication is focused on the anisotropic properties of products of additive manufacturing using a Fused Filament Fabrication technology (FFF). Five different materials used in technical practice were tested. These materials are PLA (polylactic acid), PETG/CF (polyethylene terephthalate-glycol with carbon fibre, composite material), PETG (polyethylene terephthalate-glycol), ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), and ASA (acrylic styrene acrylonitrile). Mechanical properties are verified by tensile testing according to ASTM D638. Testing is complemented by a digital image correlation method to locate the areas with the highest load transfer. The results have shown clear anisotropic properties of the test specimens. Anisotropic mechanical properties were also confirmed by digital image correlation (DIC).
Degradation of Ecological Energy Carriers Under Cyclic Pressure Loading
Authors: Michalides Matej , Čorňák Štefan , Jelínek Josef , Janoušková Romana , Hujo Ľubomír , Nosian Jozef
Published: August 2023

The presented work investigates the degradation of an ecological energy carrier in the form of changes in its properties, which was subjected to dynamic loading through a test device in laboratory conditions. The primary goal was to describe the degradation process itself in terms of obtained data through the analysis of kinematic viscosity, water content, acidity number, and X-ray spectrometry. The process was focused on monitoring the values of increase in contaminants and monitoring the values of changes that occurred in case of additives. The ecological energy carrier in the form of transmission-hydraulic fluid was cyclically loaded in a time interval of 200 working hours, while a time interval of every 25 working hours was used when a sample was taken and subsequently analysed. From the obtained data, it can be concluded that during the degradation process, there were no significant changes in the observed properties of the liquid, chemical composition, or additives. For this reason, further measurements of the ecological energy carrier were subsequently carried out. The influence of the given energy carrier on the change in the flow rate of a new type of hydraulic pump with external gearing was also monitored.
The changing role of a video-on-demand service in the strategies of public service media: A production study of Danish TV 2 Play and its impact on the production culture of the schedulers, 2016–2022
Authors: Bruun Hanne
Published: August 2023

This article highlights and discusses the main findings from three different media production studies (2016, 2019, and 2022) investigating the changing production culture of the schedulers in public service media. The inclusion of a broadcaster video-on-demand (BVoD) service in the broadcaster's portfolio affected the production culture. First, the article argues that profound changes happened to the organisational framing of the BVoD service's status and its impact on the production practices. Second, the article shows the BVoD service's impact on the content priorities among the schedulers at TV 2 in Denmark and third, how the public service branding of TV 2 became more explicit in the production culture. However, across these three points of impact and the shifts in the strategic focus at TV 2, the business model at TV 2 and its interplay with the public service obligations runs as an undercurrent.
Schools as Differential Environments for Students' Development: How Tracking and School Composition Affect Students' Transition After the End of Compulsory Education
Authors: Scharenberg Katja , Rollett Wolfram
Published: August 2023

Tracking leads to differential developmental environments resulting in educational inequalities. We investigated whether tracking and school composition affect students' transition to post-compulsory education. Based on data of two Swiss school-leavers' cohorts (2000/2016), multilevel analyses show that the social and achievement-related school composition and track affiliation predict transitions beyond students' individual characteristics. Compositional effects were in part differentially predictive depending on students' track affiliation.
PENGARUH JAHE TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN SIFAT ORGANOLEPTIK MINUMAN EKSTRAK JAGUNG UNGU (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Istia Inka Condro , Randi Mohamma Jusuf , Nurwati Nurwati
Published: August 2023

One of the cultivable food crops, corn also serves a strategic purpose and has economic worth. Corn, as the primary source of carbs, is utilized as a rice alternative. Beverage goods are one alternative that can be made from corn. Anthocyanins found in purple corn work as antioxidants to stop atherosclerosis in the body. One sort of spice that offers numerous health advantages is ginger. Antioxidants are substances that can limit oxidation reactions by attaching to free radicals and highly reactive molecules. Antioxidants in food can minimize food spoiling processes, free radical oxidation, slow down the oxidation of lipids and oils, increase shelf life in the food sector, increase the storage of fat contained in food and prevent sensor and nutritional quality degradation. This study used the DPPH method (1,1-diphenyl-2,-picrylhydrazyl) which is a purple compound that will turn yellow when reacted with antioxidant activity and used a completely randomized design (CRD) method in the form of a single factor ratio of corn: ginger extract ( 100 g : 2 g, 3 g, 4 g, and 5 g) using 5 treatments and 3 replications. The organoleptic test used is the hedonic test, namely the level of preference test for the taste, texture, color, color of the purple corn extract drink. The score used is 1 – 5 (very dislike, dislike, somewhat like, like, and like very much). The data obtained were then analyzed and processed using SPSS with one way ANOVA. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity and the panelists' preference level of purple corn extract drink.
Molecular prevalence of canine leishmaniasis in Burdur, Türkiye
Authors: ÖZEN Önder , KÖSE Onur
Published: August 2023

Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is among the most important vector-borne parasitic diseases in dogs worldwide, except for Oceania, and can be fatal if left untreated. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular prevalence of L. infantum, the causative agent of CanL, in Burdur province of Türkiye. Blood samples collected from 120 dogs were first examined for Leishmania spp. by genus-spesific PCR and then positives were examined for L. infantum/donovani complex by species-spesific PCR. As a result, Leishmania DNA was detected in five out of the 120 samples in the first-stage PCR, resulting in a molecular positivity rate of 4.16% at the genus level. Among these five samples, four were positive for L. infantum in the second-stage PCR, leading to a prevalence of 3.33% for L. infantum. No statistically significant differences were found in terms of gender and age concerning L. infantum positivity. Additionally, blood smears were examined under a microscope, but no Leishmania amastigotes were observed in any of the samples. With this obtained data, the presence of Leishmania spp. and L. infantum in dogs in Burdur is reported for the first time using a molecular method. The importance of vector fly control has been remembered once again in order to protect from the disease both animals that can be host of parasites, especially dogs, and human society, since it is a zoonotic disease.
دور الذكاء الاصطناعي في مواجهة جرائم الإرهاب الإلكتروني
Authors: عبد الرازق رانا
Published: August 2023

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى بيان دور الذكاء الاصطناعي في التصدي لجرائم الإرهاب الإلكتروني، ولذلك تخضع بيانات الإرهابيين أو المتهمين الخطرين لتطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي التي تضطلع بكشف الجرائم قبل ارتكابها، فقد طورت الجماعات والتنظيمات الإرهابية قدراتها التكنولوجية بما سمح لها باستخدام بيانات ضخمة وتحليلها عبر الإنترنت بغرض تسهيل عملياتها الإرهابية، والتجنيد الإلكتروني للشباب من خلال الشبكة العنكبوتية.

    واعتمدت الدراسة على استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي بالإضافة إلى الاستعانة بالمنهج المقارن، واشتملت هذه الدراسة على ثلاثة مباحث: تناولت بيان ماهية الذكاء الاصطناعي، والتعرف على دور أنظمة الذكاء الاصطناعي في مواجهة جرائم الإرهاب الإلكتروني، وأيضاً التعرف على التنظيم القانوني لجرائم الإرهاب الإلكتروني، وأخيراً التعرف على موقف التشريعات والاتفاقيات العربية من مواجهة جرائم الإرهاب الإلكتروني. وتوصلت الدراسة للعديد من التوصيات ومنها، ضرورة إنشاء محكمة دولية للأمن الإلكتروني للتعاون القضائي الجنائي الدولي، والإبلاغ عن القضايا الإرهاب الإلكتروني.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA HANSENÍASE NA CAPITAL AMAZONENSE DURANTE O PERÍODO DE 2018 A 2022
Authors: Watanuki Alessandra Pereira , De Souza Cristiane Ferreira , Gomes Marcos Vinicius Lima , Câmara Pérola Vasconcelos , Amorim Valéria dos Santos , Coêlho Prisca Dara Lunieres Pêgas , Dos Santos Enock Barroso , Figueiredo Silvana Nunes
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: investigar o perfil epidemiológico da Hanseníase na capital amazonense durante o período de 2018 a 2022. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa epidemiológica, transversal, referente ao período de 2018 a 2022. Os casos notificados de hanseníase foram obtidos por meio do Sistema de Informação de Agravos Notificáveis (SINAN), disponíveis pelo DATASUS. Os coeficientes de prevalência e de mortalidade foram estratificados por sexo, idade, ano, município, escolaridade, lesões cutâneas, baciloscopia notificada, frequência. Os dados foram avaliados através da Análise Estatística Descritiva. Resultados: Foram registrados 2247 casos notificados por Hanseníase no estado do Amazonas, entre 2018 a 2022, englobando todas as formas de manifestação da doença, registrados no SINAN. Destes, 913 foram de notificação apenas em Manaus, capital do Amazonas. Quanto ao gênero, Manaus apresentou 548 casos sendo notificados em pessoas do sexo masculino, enquanto o feminino foi identificado em 365 casos. Quando relacionados ao ano, 2019 foi o que mais apresentou casos notificados de Hanseníase em Manaus (25,41%). Conclusão: A hanseníase continua sendo preocupante em Manaus por suas taxas que elevam/diminuem dependendo dos anos. É necessário mais intervençõe/ações/beneficios sociais e a assistência ainda é insuficiente, sendo relevante novos projetos/estratégias para os pacientes, espera-se uma melhoria das práticas de vigilância, com a meta de reduzir a taxa da doença no País.
MÉTODOS DE AVALIAÇÃO DA GORDURA CORPORAL E ANÁLISE DA FERRAMENTA DE ULTRASSONOGRAFIA EM PACIENTES OBESOS
Authors: Silva Priscila Maia Ferreira , De Souza Yan Lucas Leal , Dos Santos Alisson Vinicius , Xemenes Rosana Christine Cavalcanti
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Analisar a tecnologia de ultrassonografia na avaliação da gordura corporal em pacientes obesos. Metodologia: Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, onde participou da pesquisa um total de 50 pacientes com IMC a partir de 25 kg/m², sendo realizada a aferição do peso e estatura, visando à definição do IMC, além da avaliação da composição corporal através dos métodos de dobras cutâneas e ultrassom, possibilitando a comparação entre os resultados. Resultado: Foi observada uma forte correlação entre os resultados obtidos através de ambos os métodos (r=0,942; p valor <0,001), através do teste de qui-quadrado de Pearson, representando uma equiparação acerca de suas precisões. Além disso, foi observada uma moderada correlação entre o IMC e a aferição da composição corporal pelo método do ultrassom, demonstrando a imprecisão do IMC como método de diagnóstico do estado nutricional. Conclusão: A utilização da tecnologia do ultrassom para avaliação da composição corporal de pacientes com sobrepeso ou obesidade é um método de grande viabilidade.
SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL CONTEXT OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN LAW ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM
Authors:   Kostanay Academy of Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan named after Shyrakbek Kabylbayev, Kostanay, Kazakhstan, Kulzhanova G. T.
Published: August 2023

This article is devoted to the consideration of the importance of the «human capital of the law enforcement system» within the socio-philosophical context, which is associated with the increasing role of man in society. The relevance of this topic is due to the fact that the successful operation of the law enforcement system depends on «human capital», and the importance of its formation is increasing every year. The purpose of the article is to analyze the internal content of the concept of “human capital of the law enforcement system” by considering it in a socio-philosophical aspect through the prism of relations between citizens and the police. In socio-philosophical science, the features of the formation and development of «human capital» in the law enforcement system have not been sufficiently studied, which is the novelty of our study, which is completely based on documentary sources. A brief digression into the theory of «human capital», which arose as a result of the evolution of world philosophical and economic thought, shows that in the scientific literature there is an ambiguous approach to the definition of the concept of “human capital”. Various definitions of the essence of "human capital" have developed, which show and characterize the main content side of the concept and from which it can be seen that the phenomenon under study is interpreted by scientists as a resource potential. In the course of the study, using the methods of dialectical-methodological, classification, content analysis, systemic and comparative analysis, as well as the historical approach, the issues of the degree of effectiveness of the work of police units in a modernizing society are comprehensively considered. The results of the study showed: the breadth of the range of assessments of the police by the population and the dissatisfaction of the Kazakh society with the degree of protection of citizens by law enforcement agencies from illegal encroachments, the level of personal security, as well as the quality of public services provided by these bodies. Based on the results of the study, the article outlines the main tasks in the field of improving the activities of the Kazakh police, designed to promote the formation and development of «human capital» in the law enforcement system, improve the professionalism of employees of internal affairs bodies. To implement these tasks, it is necessary to create an optimal model for reforming the police bodies, taking into account the interest of the state.
THE ASYMMETRIC PERCEPTION OF THE MODERNIZATION OF MONEY TURNOVER IN THE VECTOR OF CHANGING THE ECONOMIC STRUCTURE
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol, Russia, Dyudikova E. I.
Published: August 2023

Under the modern conditions of severe sanctions pressure the currency transfer is the main weapon of information and trade wars, going beyond the influence of the currency sphere. Worsening geopolitical and economic tensions, total ideological blockade, epidemiological restrictions and global changes have forced the search for new solutions in the payment industry. At the same time the large-scale expansion of the cryptocurrency market and the rapid popularization of alternative finances in all their diversity against the background of the legitimate status and the legislative basis of the appeal required an immediate response of government agencies to modern challenges, necessitating the creation of a new type of payment in the digital economy: it is the digital currency of central banks. However, the digital singularity generated by the scientific and technical revolution is beyond human understanding, symbolizing the emergence of a new reality. The impossibility of predicting it split modern information society into two poles: network and digital communities with a diametrically opposite perception of metamorphosis generated by high technology. In general, there is a rudimentary view of changes in the era of the digital reality formation from the position of money turnover digitalization but not digital transformation. The results of the study are focused on specifying the content of digitalization processes and digital transformation of social reality which made it possible to assess the potential of implemented solutions for modifying money turnover and the payment industry in the context of a new world order. The author emphasized the inevitability and expediency of digital transformation by the formation of a single trusted environment with a built-in mechanism for the turnover of the digital ruble with unique optional financial support (smart contracts, tokenization, NFT, SSI, elimination of information asymmetry, unconditional implementation of proactive mode, money “coloring”, accumulated and non-destructible mutually related information processed by artificial intelligence and neural networks, etc.), which appears as an element of anti-fragility as it is able not only to withstand economic crises, technological failures and other unpredictable events, and also continues to develop constructively under their influence, ensuring payment sovereignty.
ANALYSIS OF THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MARKET OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Guryanov A. I. , Guryanova E. A. ,   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
Published: August 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are used in various fields of activity. Not only commercial organizations, but also the state are actively investing in the development of artificial intelligence. This is due to the fact that the use of AI tools and methods allows the development of many areas of activity, expanding their potential. Artificial intelligence has significant potential in the social and scientific spheres, in education, healthcare, industry and other areas. This necessitates the search for the most significant factors affecting the growth rate of artificial intelligence both within individual organizations and within the country as a whole. The purpose of the work is to conduct a scientific analysis of the artificial intelligence market of the Russian Federation, to identify factors affecting this market, as well as the main trends in its development. In the process of scientific research, the method of system analysis was used, as well as correlation-regression data analysis. The article examines the dynamics of the artificial intelligence market of the Russian Federation. The factors that had the strongest impact on this market were identified. The geography of companies operating in this field is investigated. The analysis of the dependence of the volume of the artificial intelligence market on various factors was carried out. Conclusions are made on the dynamics and development prospects of the studied market. The scientific novelty lies in the identified relationship between the volume of the artificial intelligence market and such factors as the total volume of transactions and the number of transactions in the AI venture market, the volume of government funding and government procurement in the field of artificial intelligence. The practical significance lies in the fact that the results obtained can be used to increase the effectiveness of stimulating the growth and development of the AI market in the Russian Federation. This becomes relevant due to the fact that in the short term, it is most likely that the growth rate of the AI market will slow down both in Russia and in the world, due to the negative impact of a complex of factors on the market. Such factors are, for example, the global shortage of semiconductors, the supply chain crisis, as well as the entry of the economies of many countries into a recession phase.
Coronavirus disease-19 is associated with decreased treatment access and worsened outcomes in malignant brain tumor patients
Authors: Liu Kristie Qwan-Ting , Dallas Jonathan , Wenger Talia A. , Richards Hunter , Ding Li , Chow Frances Elaine , Zada Gabriel , Mack William J. , Attenello Frank J.
Published: August 2023

Background:

The global coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in procedural delays around the world; however, timely and aggressive surgical resection for malignant brain tumor patients is essential for outcome optimization. To investigate the association between COVID-19 and outcomes of these patients, we queried the 2020 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) for differences in rates of surgical resection, time to surgery, mortality, and discharge disposition between patients with and without confirmed COVID-19 infection.

Methods:

Patient data were taken from the NIS from April 2020 to December 2020. COVID-19 diagnosis was determined with the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification code U07.1.

Results:

A total of 30,671 malignant brain tumor patients met inclusion criteria and 738 (2.4%) patients had a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. COVID-19-positive patients had lower likelihood of receiving surgery (Odds ratio [OR] 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.29–0.63, P < 0.0001), increased likelihood of mortality (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.78–2.66, P < 0.0001), and increased likelihood of non-routine discharge (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.13–1.39, P < 0.0001). Notably, COVID patients receiving surgery were not associated with surgical delay (P = 0.17).

Conclusion:

COVID-19 infection was associated with worse patient outcome in malignant brain tumor patients, including decreased likelihood of receiving surgery, increased likelihood of mortality, and increased likelihood of non-routine discharge. Our study highlights the need to balance the risks and benefits of delaying surgery for malignant brain tumor patients with COVID-19. Although the COVID-19 pandemic is no longer a public health emergency, understanding the pandemic’s impact on outcome provides important insight in effective triage for these patients in the situations where resources are limited.
When is a bond broken? The polarizability perspective.
Authors: Hait Diptarka , Head-Gordon Martin
Published: August 2023

The question of when a chemical bond can be said to be broken is of fundamental chemical interest but has not been widely studied. Herein we propose that the maxima of static polarizability along bond dissociation coordinates naturally define cutoff points for bond rupture, as they represent the onset of localization of shared electron density into constituent fragments. Examples of computed polarizability maxima over the course of bond cleavage in main-group and transition metal compounds are provided, across covalent, dative and charge-shift bonds. The behavior along reaction paths is also considered. Overall, the static polarizability is found to be a sensitive reporter of electronic structure reorganization associated with bond stretching, and thus can serve as a metric for describing bond cleavage (or diagnose the absence of a chemical bond).
A scalable robust microporous Al-MOF for post-combustion carbon capture
Authors: Chen Bingbing , Fan Dong , Pinto Rosana V. , Dovgaliuk Iurii , Nandi Shyamapada , Chakraborty Debanjan , Heymans Nicolas , De Weireld Guy , Nouar Farid , Maurin Guillaume , Mouchaham Georges , Serre Christian
Published: August 2023

Adsorptive separation via scalable and inexpensive adsorbents is now considered among the credible alternative solutions for post-combustion carbon mitigation via selective physisorption of CO2. As industrial gas streams contain many times water vapours, the use of sorbents showing limited detrimental effect of humidity on the working capacity in the operating conditions is considered as a major advantage contributing to lowering the operating costs and/or accelerating the capture process. Here we report on a robust microporous aluminum tetracarboxylate framework, MIL-120(Al)-AP, (MIL and AP refers to Materials from Institute Lavoisier and for Ambient Pressure synthesis, respectively), which possesses high CO2 uptake (1.9 mmol g-1 at 0.1 bar, 298 K) due to a favorable pore architecture combining high density of µ2-OH groups and stacked aromatic rings, close to the performances of the benchmark CO2 physisorbent, CALF-20 (CALF stands for Calgary Frameworks). Advanced in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurement together with GCMC simulations allowed to get deeper insights into the preferential sites that the structure of MIL-120(Al) offers for a favorable CO2 capture, while revealing the importance of the µ2-OH and their accessibility to CO2 for controlling the gas uptakes at low pressure. This supports further the great potential of MIL-120(Al)-AP towards post-combustion capture. Meanwhile, Qst (CO2) value of MIL-120(Al)-AP (44 kJ mol-1) prone to relatively low energy penalty for full regeneration compared to amine-based solutions (90~140 kJ mol-1) and to their stability limitations. Moreover, a phase transition from monoclinic to triclinic occurs due to partial removal of free water molecules, with ca. 40% water molecules still remaining trapped between Al oxo/hydroxo chains, enabling additional interactions with CO2 molecules during adsorption step. Finally, an environmentally friendly ambient pressure green route, relying on the use of inexpensive raw materials, was optimized to prepare the MIL-120(Al)-AP at kg-scale with high yield and high quality. The MOF was further shaped as millimeter (mm)-sized beads with inorganic binders while first evidences of its efficient CO2/N2 separation ability were validated by breakthrough experiments, thus suggesting the high potential of this MOF in a view of integration into an industrial scale CO2 capture process.
Whole genome sequencing of drug resistanceMycobacterium tuberculosisfrom extra-pulmonary sites
Authors: Shi Tao , Shou Fenyong , He Ying , Zhou Kan , Gao Wenwan , Nie Xiaoping , Han Mei , Liao Chuanyu , Li Tongxin
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to determinate characteristics of drug resistanceMycobacterium tuberculosisfrom patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). Patients were retrospectively studied from January 2020 to December 2021. All the isolates were cultured, tested drug susceptibility, and detected the gene mutation using whole genome sequencing. The correlations of whole genome sequencing, pattern of DR, patients’ distribution, and transmission were analyzed. 111 DR-EPTB isolates included pre–XDR-TB (53.2%), MDR-TB (29.7%), and poly–DR-TB (12.6%). The resistant drugs were INH followed by RFP and SM. The genotypes of 111 strains were lineage 2 and lineage 4.KatG_p.Ser315Thr was main gene mutation for resistance to INH;rpsL_p.Lys43Arg for SM,rpoB_p.Ser450Leu for rifampicin,embB_p.Met306Val for ethambutol,gyrA_p.Asp94Gly for FQs, andpncA_p.Thr76Pro for PZA. The residence was a significant risk factor for cluster transmission by patients and phenotypic DR types of strains for lineage 2 transmission. In the local area of southwest China INH, rifampicin and SM were main drugs in patients with DR-EPTB.KatG_p.Ser315,rpoB_p.Ser450Leu, andrpsL_p.Lys43Arg were main gene mutations. Phenotypic DR types and residence were main risk of transmission.
Structural evidence for elastic tethers connecting separating chromosomes in crane-fly spermatocytes
Authors: Forer Arthur , Otsuka Shotaro
Published: August 2023

Different types of anaphase bridges are reported to form between segregating chromosomes during cell division. Previous studies using laser microsurgery suggested that elastic tethers connect the telomeres of separating anaphase chromosomes in many animal meiotic and mitotic cells. However, structural evidence is lacking for their existence. In this study, by correlating live imaging with electron tomography, we examined whether visible structures connect separating telomeres in meiosis I of crane-fly primary spermatocytes. We found structures extending between separating telomeres in all stages of anaphase. The structures consist of two components: one is darkly stained, looking somewhat like chromatin, whereas the other is more lightly stained, appearing filamentous. Although in early anaphase both structures extend between telomeres, in later anaphase, the darker structure extends shorter distances from the telomeres but the lighter structure still extends between the separating telomeres. From these observations, we deduced that these structures represent the “tethers” inferred from the laser-cutting experiments. Because elastic tethers have been detected in a variety of animal cells, they probably are present during anaphase in all animal cells.
Sustainable fashion in the English language mirror
Authors: Belova Alla
Published: August 2023

The research is conducted in the critical eco-linguistics domain, an umbrella term for diverse academic inquiries and empirical evidence. The aim of the article is the analysis of English words and lexical structures used to verbalize two major aspects of sustainable fashion as a new movement and world vision – ethical fashion and conscious fashion with the focus on animals in fashion and thrifting. Sustainable fashion has a number of dimensions categorized as conscious, green, and circular, eco-friendly fashion, ethical fashion, vegan fashion. The goal of conscious fashion has much in common with environmentalism and green marketing. Ethical fashion focuses on exploitation in fashion, of both animals and humans, and encompasses animal rights, fair trade of animal-related products, working conditions in fashion industry what are quite often not decent. Vegan fashion promotes non-animal plant-based textiles and man-made fabrics. Circular fashion centres on clothes recycling, extending terminology to upcycling, downcycling and regenerating. Thrifting, renting, and sharing are to popularize slow fashion and conscious fashion. Coverage of fashion sustainability in mass media resulted into coinage of new eco-conscious words and word collocations and their increasing frequency. Several word-forming models dominate in the sustainable fashion terminology including numerous V-ing words to describe manufacturing processes and activities, non+N, non+Adj coinages to emphasize denial of traditional practices. Some words (animal, cruelty) and word-forming components (eco-) have become more noticeable in sustainable fashion in the past decade. The adjective 'sustainable' is among 1% top words in Modern English (Merriam-Webster dictionary online, n.d.) though the collocation ‘sustainable fashion’ is not fixed yet by this dictionary or its counterparts. Thus sustainable fashion is to be conceptualized to find its way to dictionaries as well as to mentality of fashion designers, clothes manufacturers and consumers worldwide. Increasing vocabulary of sustainable fashion should become more familiar to consumers to push them to rethinking their lifestyle, clothing choices, becoming eco-conscious.
American social media on the Russia-Ukraine war: A multimodal analysis
Authors: Shevchenko Iryna
Published: August 2023

This research focuses on political narrative about the Russia-Ukraine war in American social media. It aims to investigate the type and configuration of multimodal semiotic resources used to present the events of this war and shape their perception by the audience, primarily American; The New York Times Telegram channel coverage of the 2022 Russian invasion as a case study. What kind of semiotic resources do American social media deploy to construct the narrative about the war? What are the dominant post formats, how they deploy information about the Russia-Ukraine war and construe its perception: the concepts of the war, of Ukraine as a victim of aggression and a fighter for independence, of Russia as a terrorist-state, and of their allies and opponents? Theoretically, this study is underpinned by a cognitive-semiotic, political linguistic and multimodal approach. In political media narrative, storytelling shapes perception of war realities: it frames and reframes the readers’ construal of the world, ascribes connotations to facts and events. A multimodal narrative involves different semiotic resources—verbal, graphic, audial, and cinematographic (in video). The configuration of these heterogeneous signs in a particular Telegram channel’s post defines its influence as predominantly rational or emotional. The findings show that the following post formats are typical for The New York Times Telegram channel: image followed by text and link to another site (the most frequent); gallery (a gallery of images) and quote (a quotation with its source/author as the title) (less frequent); video and audio (rarely used). They serve to accentuate, elaborate, and extend the information in the post. I argue that Telegram posts together with users’ emoji-reactions are a specific interactive genre of a multimodal political discourse. Emojis realize both pragmatic and cognitive functions: on the one hand, they are effective instruments to measure users’ reaction; on the other, they contribute to meaning-making by evaluating and making salient the concepts described. The dominance of rational and verified information in The New York Times Telegram channel creates the true image of Russia’s genocidal war against Ukraine and provides a fair assessment of related concepts.
Emotive lexicon of the political narrative: Ukraine and the West in Chinese media
Authors: Zhabotynska Svitlana , Brynko Anastasiya
Published: August 2023

This study, done within the framework of political and cognitive linguistics, discusses emotively loaded language of political media narratives that serve as the major manipulative tool with which propaganda exerts ideological impact on the public. Among various linguistic devices employed in molding the political narrative, a conspicuous role is played by emotively loaded lexicon that is in focus of this inquiry. It aims to expose the contribution of emotively loaded words into featuring a media image of the war launched by Russia against Ukraine in February, 2022. As a result of ideological confrontation between the adversaries and between their allies, this image, targeting home audiences in Russia and Ukraine, as well as foreign audiences, is framed as either pro-Ukrainian and pro-Russian, with the respective emotive assessments being mostly contrastive. Our study considers a pro-Russian image of the war shaped by the English version of The Global Times popular tabloid that belongs to Chinese state media. The dataset includes the articles depicting the Russia-Ukraine war in the context of international relations. The articles were published during June, 2022, three months after the beginning of Russia’s military assault. In the study, the analysis of emotive lexicon grounds on a cognitive ontology of the RUSSIA-UKRAINE WAR image. Such ontology, defined as event-focused, allows for structuring information about the event proper and its participants. Their verbally crafted ‘portraits’ are made salient through the scope of employed emotive expressions, which facilitates priming and entrenchment of the intended biased image in the reader’s mind.
The Use of Spirituality at Work to Enhance Lecturers' Scientific Publications Performance: The Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction
Authors: Nurhasan Rohimat , Suwatno Suwatno , Ahman Eeng , Suryadi Edi
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The research is conducted to analyze the performance of scientific publications by lecturers in private higher education in Garut District-Indonesia with the values of spirituality and job satisfaction as mediating variables.
 
Theoretical Framework: Resource-Based Theory (RBT) is employed to elucidate the correlation between work spirituality, job satisfaction, and the lecturers performance of faculty members in publications.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: The research method used is descriptive and causalitas. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to a sample of 157 people. Before being analyzed, the data was tested for its validity and reliability. Furthermore, data analysis was performed using statistical software.
 
Findings: The analysis result shows that the performance of scientific publication of lecturers is influenced by spiritual values in the workplace, such as calmness of mind when working, the outcome of work meeting the organization's expectations, the usefulness of the work that can help others, and also supported by job satisfaction, such as career satisfaction, having a pleasant job, and supportive colleagues.
 
Research/Practical & Social implication:  Practically, in this study, the model can function as a significant management tool in the world of education, especially higher education, to increase the sustainability of competitive advantage that has the potential to affect organizational performance. Employee performance is also an important factor in supporting organizational success. Thus this can be an attention for the organization to improve the performance of lecturer publications.
 
Limitation: This research has several limitations that need to be taken into account and can provide direction for future research; because this research only analyzes from the perspective of private universities, so in the future it can also be from the perspective of state universities. The sample size is also only taken from one university only, so future research can be expanded again from various universities.
 
Originality/Value: Although many studies have been conducted on lecturer performance, there are still few that analyze the scientific publication performance from the values of work spirituality, especially in private higher education, so this research is considered to have uniqueness especially in Indonesia.
Peranan Dewan Komisaris Terhadap Risk Disclosure Pada Perbankan Umum Di Indonesia
Authors: Lukman Hendro , Cahyadi Anto
Published: August 2023

Risk Disclosure in annual reports is needed for third parties to get a complete picture of the annual report and the company. One of those who play a role in the risk disclosure policy is the Board of Commissioners. This study aims to analyze the effect of the size of the Board of Commissioners, Independent Commissioners and Board of Commissioners Meetings on risk disclosure in public banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2017 – 2021. The research methodology used in this study is a quantitative method. Sampling using purposive sampling method. Valid data is 159 data from 35 general banking companies. Data were processed using multiple regression analysis using IBM SPSS version 25 software. The results showed that the size of the Board of Commissioners, Independent Commissioners, and Board of Commissioners Meetings had a positive effect on Risk Disclosure. The implication of this study is the role of shareholders in selecting and appointing members of the board of commissioners who have competency compatibility with the company's business so that they can provide clear information to stakeholders, as well as minimize the occurrence of information asymmetry between management and shareholders. In addition, investors can also use risk disclosure information to consider the company's business in the future.