bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New geological model of the Lagoa Real uraniferous albitites from Bahia (Brazil)
Authors: Oliveira Chaves Alexandre
Published: July 2013

New evidence supported by petrography (including mineral chemistry), lithogeochemistry, U-Pb geochronology by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), and physicochemical study of fluid and melt inclusions by LA-ICP-MS and microthermometry, point to an orogenic setting of Lagoa Real (Bahia-Brazil) involving uraniferous mineralization. Unlike the previous models in which uraniferous albitites represent Na-metasomatised 1.75 Ga anorogenic granitic rocks, it is understood here that they correspond to metamorphosed sodium-rich and quartz-free 1.9 Ga late-orogenic syenitic rocks (Na-metasyenites). These syenitic rocks are rich not only in albite, but also in U-rich titanite (source of uranium). The interpretation of geochemical data points to a petrogenetic connection between alkali-diorite (local amphibolite protolith) and sodic syenite by fractional crystallization through a transalkaline series. This magmatic differentiation occurred either before or during shear processes, which in turn led to albitite and amphibolite formation. The metamorphic reactions, which include intense recrystallization of magmatic minerals, led uraninite to precipitate at 1.87 Ga under Oxidation/Reduction control. A second population of uraninites was also generated by the reactivation of shear zones during the 0.6 Ga Brasiliano Orogeny. The geotectonic implications include the importance of the Orosirian event in the Paramirim Block during paleoproterozoic Săo Francisco Craton edification and the influence of the Brasiliano event in the Paramirim Block during the West-Gondwana assembly processes. The regional microcline-gneiss, whose protolith is a 2.0 Ga syn-collisional potassic granite, represents the albitite host rock. The microcilne-gneiss has no petrogenetic association to the syenite (albitite protolith) in magmatic evolutionary terms.
Relationship between MODIS based Aerosol Optical Depth and PM10 over Croatia
Authors: Grgurić Sanja , Križan Josip , Gašparac Goran , Antonić Oleg , Špirić Zdravko , Mamouri Rodelise , Christodoulou A. , Nisantzi Argyro , Agapiou Athos , Themistocleous Kyriakos , Fedra Kurt , Panayiotou Charalambos , Hadjimitsis Diofantos
Published: July 2013

This study analyzes the relationship between Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) obtained from Terra and Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and ground-based PM10 mass concentration distribution over a period of 5 years (2008–2012), and investigates the applicability of satellite AOD data for ground PM10 mapping for the Croatian territory. Many studies have shown that satellite AOD data are correlated to ground-based PM mass concentration. However, the relationship between AOD and PM is not explicit and there are unknowns that cause uncertainties in this relationship.

The relationship between MODIS AOD and ground-based PM10 has been studied on the basis of a large data set where daily averaged PM10 data from the 12 air quality stations across Croatia over the 5 year period are correlated with AODs retrieved from MODIS Terra and Aqua. A database was developed to associate coincident MODIS AOD (independent) and PM10 data (dependent variable). Additional tested independent variables (predictors, estimators) included season, cloud fraction, and meteorological parameters — including temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, as well as planetary boundary layer height — using meteorological data from WRF (Weather Research and Forecast) model.

It has been found that 1) a univariate linear regression model fails at explaining the data variability well which suggests nonlinearity of the AOD-PM10 relationship, and 2) explanation of data variability can be improved with multivariate linear modeling and a neural network approach, using additional independent variables.
The Impact of Macroeconomic Factors on Residential Property Price Indices in Europe
Authors: Renigier-Biłozor Małgorzata , Wiśniewski Radosław
Published: July 2013

This paper aims to determine the influence of selected variables on residential property price indices for the European countries, with particular attention paid to Italy and Poland, using a rough set theory and an approach that uses a committee of artificial neural networks. Additionally, the overall analysis for each European country is presented.

Quarterly time series data constituted the material for testing and empirical results. The developed models show that the economic and financial situation of European countries affects residential property markets. Residential property markets are connected, despite the fact that they are situated in different parts of Europe.

The economic and financial crisis of countries has variable influence on prices of real estate. The results also suggest that methodology based on the rough set theory and a committee of artificial neural networks has the ability to learn, generalize, and converge the residential property prices index.
Optimization of pre-sowing magnetic field doses through RSM in pea
Authors: Iqbal M. , Ahmad I. , Hussain S.M. , Khera R.A. , Bokhari T.H. , Shehzad M.A.
Published: July 2013

Seed pre-sowing magnetic field treatment was reported to induce biochemical and physiological changes. In the present study, response surface methodology was used for deduction of optimal magnetic field doses. Improved growth and yield responses in the pea cultivar were achieved using a rotatable central composite design and multivariate data analysis. The growth parameters such as root and shoot fresh masses and lengths as well as yield were enhanced at a certain magnetic field level. The chlorophyll contents were also enhanced significantly vs. the control. The low magnetic field strength for longer duration of exposure/ high strength for shorter exposure were found to be optimal points for maximum responses in root fresh mass, chlorophyll ‘a’ contents, and green pod yield/plant, respectively and a similar trend was observed for other measured parameters. The results indicate that the magnetic field pre-sowing seed treatment can be used practically to enhance the growth and yield in pea cultivar and response surface methodology was found an efficient experimental tool for optimization of the treatment level to obtain maximum response of interest.
Cartographical Aspects in the Design of Indoor Navigation Systems
Authors: Gotlib Dariusz , Marciniak Jacek
Published: July 2013

The development of indoor navigation systems should utilize advanced teleinformation, geoinformation and cartographical knowledge. The authors analyzed available specifications of prototypes of indoor navigation systems and drew conclusions about how to enhance the use of cartographical methods in the whole process of designing a new system. The analysis proves that cartographical methodology is still very limited in the process of designing indoor navigation systems. Researchers focus mainly on improving the positioning accuracy, and they often neglect the issue of developing spatial databases and the rules of their effective visualization. The process of designing indoor navigation systems, just like in the case of outdoor navigation systems, consists of a number of tasks that can be supported by the theory and practice of cartography. This article presents the issues of determination of spatial database model appropriate for an indoor system, improvement of accuracy of positioning algorithms utilizing spatial data and methodology of generating graphical and voice directions for indoor navigation. In the authors’ opinion, the discussed cartographical methods and techniques may considerably enhance indoor navigation systems and accelerate their development. The fundamental knowledge of cartographical methods should be within the interest of designers of these systems. At present the first attempts in this field may be observed, although they are still not mature and complex
Accuracy Performance Of E-Loran Receivers Under Cross-Rate Interference Conditions
Authors: Šafář Jan , Williams Paul , Vejražka František
Published: July 2013

According to a recent Business Case produced by the General Lighthouse Authorities of the United Kingdom and Ireland (GLAs), e-Loran is the only system that, when combined with GNSS, can achieve cost effective resilient Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) by 2018 for maritime e-Navigation. The GLAs currently operate a trial e-Loran service from Harwich, UK and are working towards establishing e-Loran Initial Operational Capability (IOC) in the seven busiest UK ports and port approaches by mid-2013. A future extension of e-Loran coverage to the entire GLA service area will require the installation of additional transmitting stations. When planning the installation of e-Loran transmitters service providers will need a good understanding of the effects of the new signals on the system’s performance. Since all e-Loran stations share the same frequency band and the e-Loran signals propagate over vast distances, special attention needs to be paid to the issue of intra-system interference. This is also referred to as Cross-Rate Interference (CRI) and is inherent to the way e-Loran operates.

In this paper we examine the impact of CRI on the position accuracy performance of e-Loran receivers. First, a signal processing model for a typical e-Loran receiver is developed. This could provide the e-Loran community with a unified framework for receiver performance evaluation. Numerical and, where possible, analytical results obtained from the model are then presented, describing the achievable accuracy performance under different interference conditions. The theoretical results are also compared to those obtained from measurements made on a commercially available receiver driven by a signal simulator.

Our analysis shows that modern e-Loran signal processing algorithms can achieve a substantial reduction of the negative effects of CRI. However, there is still an appreciable residual effect, which should be taken into account when designing future e-Loran networks and determining their coverage and performance
Deterministic-Probabilistic Method of Waterway Design Parameters Determination
Authors: Gucma Stanisław , Zalewski Paweł
Published: July 2013

The paper presents a method of recommended waterway parameters determination, based on modified relationships derived from actual empirical research - the authors’ combination of PIANC and Canadian deterministic methods and stochastic relationships). These relationships are mostly discontinuous functions (e.g. of ship type variable, speed, method of determining the position, etc.), which can be approximated by continuous spline functions. Application built in C# allows determining the recommended minimum width of the waterway, the width increase due to the accuracy of the vessel positioning method, and the minimum radius of waterway bends. The results can be further utilized in the Decision Support System for Water Transport Safety.
Egnos Performance Before and After Applying an Error Extraction Methodology
Authors: Vassilev Boris , Vassileva Boriana
Published: July 2013

In this work the EGNOS performance before and after applying a novel methodology called Error Extraction is tested using real data. These data are collected at the EGNOS Monitoring Station placed in Sofia by Eurocontrol. The tests concern aircraft navigation, namely Approach with Vertical Guidance services. All results confirm that the designed new algorithms are very promising. They allow reduction of the error standard deviation and significant availability improvement without breaches of the integrity. The probability of system discontinuity decreases substantially.
On Computational Algorithms Implemented in Marine Navigational Software Used in Marine Navigation Electronic Devices and Systems
Authors: Weintrit Adam , Kopacz Piotr
Published: July 2013

In the paper the authors attempt to present the computational problem related to the navigational algorithm (meridian arc formula) implemented in the software applied in marine navigation electronic devices and systems, such as GNSS (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo), AIS, ECDIS/ECS, and other marine GIS.

From the early days of the development of the basic navigational software built into satellite navigational receivers, it has been noted that for the sake of simplicity and a number of other reasons, this navigational software is often based on the simple methods of limited accuracy. It is surprising that even nowadays the use of navigational software is still used in a loose manner, sometimes ignoring basic computational principles and adopting oversimplified assumptions and errors such as the wrong combination of spherical and ellipsoidal calculations in different steps of the solution of a particular sailing problem. The lack of official standardization on both the ‘accuracy required’ and the equivalent ‘methods employed’, in conjunction to the ‘black box solutions’ provided by GNSS navigational receivers and navigational systems (ECDIS and ECS) suggest the necessity of a thorough examination of the issue of sailing calculations for navigational systems and GNSS receivers
Message from the Vice-President of BOS
Authors: Khaleque Kazi Abdul
Published: July 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v1i1.15968 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2010; Vol-1, No.1
Correction of a Skeletal Class III Malocclusion with Chin Cap Therapy- A Case Report
Authors: Rahman MM , Islam N , Hossain MZ
Published: July 2013

Case with skeletal and dental class III malocclusion is presented. The patient was a seven year-old girl with growth potential, having anterior and posterior cross bite, premature loss of mandibular deciduous molar teeth bilaterly. The patients soft tissue profile was concave.The general treatment included chin cap, palatal expansion and comprehensive edge wise orthodontic therapy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v1i1.15972 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2010; Vol-1, No.1, 13-15
Orthodontic Treatment of Dental Open Bite in an Adult: A Case Report
Authors: Rizvi HM , Rana MM , Haq ME , Dorth RCS , Hossain MZ
Published: July 2013

Case report of an adult Bangladeshi male aged 26 years who complained about ineffective chewing of food and unpleasant aesthetic look. The patient was diagnosed to have a 4 mms of anterior dental open bite on skeletal Class I with normal mandibular plane and palatal plane angles. Treatment was orthodontics alone with non-extraction. The main mechanics used to close the anterior open bite, were by the conventional aligning, leveling and arch contraction by standard edgewise technique. The result showed that it was possible to correct the open bite within a short period; however, the appliance was difficult to clean. The treatment was complete after 2 years with positive overbite of 3 mms and acceptable occlusion. The patient was happy with his new appearance and function. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v1i1.15973 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2010; Vol-1, No.1, 16-21
Orthodontic Treatment of Class III Malocclusion : A Case Report
Authors: Rita SN , Sadat SMA , Hossain MZ
Published: July 2013

Reported case of a 19 years old male, with Class III malocclusion, bilateral cross bite associated with anterior open bite, which was treated by fixed orthodontic treatment. After treatment there was a class I Molar and incisor relation as well as the open bite was corrected with accepted aesthetic and functional satisfaction of the patient. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v1i1.15974 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2010; Vol-1, No.1, 22-23
Editorial Vol.1(2)
Authors: Hossain Md Zakir
Published: July 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v1i2.15981 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2011; Vol-1, No.2
A Study on Bolton Anterior Tooth Size Discrepancies among Different Malocclusion Groups
Authors: Ali AW , Hossain MZ
Published: July 2013

Aim: To investigate the correlation between anterior tooth size discrepancies among Angle's Class l, ll, lll malocclusions and corresponding normal occlusion, as well as their prevalence in Bangladeshi population. This study would act as a reference for diagnosis, treatment planning and assessment of prognosis in some orthodontic cases. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dhaka Dental College & Hospital. A total number of 200 subjects were selected in Angle's Class l, ll, lll and corresponding normal group. Each group had 50 subjects with males and females. A chi-square test was performed to statistically compare the prevalence of anterior tooth size discrepancies among Angle's Class l, ll, lll malocclusions and corresponding normal occlusion and two genders. Analysis of variance was used to compare the mean Bolton anterior tooth size ratios as a function of angle classification and gender. Statistical differences were determined at the 95% confidence level (p< 0.05). Results: No significant difference was observed in the mean Bolton anterior ratio between normal group and class-I malocclusion group (p = 0.343). Significant differences were observed between Class-II malocclusion and normal group (p=0.001), and also between Class-III malocclusion and normal group (p = 0.001). Individuals with Angle Class lll and Class ll malocclusions showed significantly greater prevalence of tooth size discrepancy than Class l malocclusion and corresponding normal group. Conclusion: The great diversity and ethnic mix of Bangladeshi population should alert our orthodontist to use Bolton analysis as an important diagnostic tool and become aware of the moderate variations that may be present and treated. It may somehow guide planning of this type of study in future. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v1i2.15982 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2011; Vol-1, No.2, 1-4
A Case report of Class II Division 2 Malocclusion in Adult women treated by Fixed appliance with CIA and removable anchor plate incorporated bite plane: Biomechanical Considerations
Authors: Sattar MH
Published: July 2013

This article describes our treatment of Class II, division 2 adult patients requiring premolar extractions. Division 2 cases are often characterized by severe deep bites, lingually inclined upper central and lower incisors, and labially flared maxillary lateral incisors. This patients also tend to exhibit problems with the upper and lower occlusal planes, such as deep curves of Spee, High lip line, marked labiomental depression. Because of the deep bite and supra eruption of the maxillary incisors, the gingival margins of the maxillary anterior teeth are malaligned, and the lingually inclined mandibular incisors have excessively high gingival margins ( Fig. 1 ). The treatment protocol for this patients includes extraction of premolars both upper and lower in right side to relieve crowding, with simultaneous correction of the deep bite by intrusion of the upper and/or lower incisors. Intrusion mechanics are performed with a bite opening bend on a preformed nickel titanium arch wire. Space closure is accomplished with power chain and guard behind the extracted site in anchor plate. Extraction of upper premolar and lower 1st molar (tooth no 36) in left side was done earlier. A 21 years old women with Cl-II Div-II malocclusion type B came to Dental Centre, Dhaka, with chief complaint of an unhappy smile. Retroclined 4 Incisors, Deep bite, Crowding, deficient lower facial height, Gummy smile and a moderately convex hard- and soft-tissue profile because of a retrusive mandible with over jet of 1.5mm and over bite of 6 mm was observed. The mechanics plan should be individualized based on the specific treatment goals. Camouflage Treatment was done with the help of an anchor plate incorporated anterior incline plane. Intrusion mechanics are performed with preformed nickel titanium Connecticut Intrusion Arch (CIA) and anchor plate incorporated bite plane. Treatment was successfully completed with extractions of both pre-molars in right side and left lower 1st molar (Tooth no 36) and upper 1st premolar(Tooth no 24) already extracted ( Fig. 2 A) before starting of orthodontic treatment. Treatment of 20 months which improves incisor inclination, Deep bite correction; eliminate crowding, normal smile line and improvement of gummy smile. With the above mentioned protocol normal inclination of both upper-lower incisor, normal over jet and over bite were also achieved. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v1i2.15987 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2011; Vol-1, No.2, 18-24
Message from the Secretary-General, World Federation of Orthodontists
Authors: DeKock William H
Published: July 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v2i1.15993Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2011; Vol-2, No.1
A casse report: Bilateral buccally impacted maxillary permanent canines
Authors: Alam MM , Hossain MZ
Published: July 2013

A 13 Years old girl with bilateral buccally impacted maxillary canine, shows spacing in upper arch and esthetically unpleasant. Permanent canines are considered the foundation of esthetic smile and functional occlusion.1 Management of impacted maxillary canine is important because of its contribution to the esthetics and its role in establishing arch form. So, treatment protocol with management of the impacted maxillary canine cases is vital for the orthodontist and general dental surgeons. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v2i1.16001 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2011; Vol-2, No.1, 28-29
Orthodontic management of supernumerary teeth- a case report
Authors: Rahman MA , Alam MM , Hossain MZ
Published: July 2013

Supernumerary tooth is one that is additional to the normal series and can be found in almost any region of the dental arch .Mesiodens is the most common type of supernumerary tooth found in the premaxilla between two central incisors. They may be single, multiple, unilateral or bilateral, erupted or unerupted in one or, both jaw. It usually results in oral problems such as malocclusion, food impaction, poor aesthetics, and cyst formation. Early diagnosis and treatment is suggested to prevent orthodontic and pathologic complications. This article highlights the orthodontic management of a case of twenty five year old Bangladeshi male with two supernumeraries- one is a supplemental tooth erupted in the oral cavity causing malocclusion and another impacted mesiodens near the nasal floor. The case was managed by a joint effort of maxillofacial surgeon and orthodontist. At first, maxillofacial surgeon removed the two supernumerary teeth. After healing the orthodontic correction was done with fixed appliance using multiloop edgewise technique. It took nearly 18 months to complete the treatment. The patient was happy with the new appearance and function. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v2i1.16002 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2011; Vol-2, No.1, 30-33
1st International and 2nd National Orthodontic Conference of BOS, Dhaka, Bangladesh, December 27-28, 2012
Authors: Hossain MZ
Published: July 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v2i1.16005Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2011; Vol-2, No.1, 49-50
Role of Bangladesh Orthodontic Society in World President Orthodontic Summit Meeting in Taipei, December 2010
Authors: Hossain MZ
Published: July 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v2i1.16006 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2011; Vol-2, No.1, 51-55
An Attempt at Captive Breeding of the Endangered Newt Echinotriton andersoni, from the Central Ryukyus in Japan
Authors: Igawa Takeshi , Sugawara Hirotaka , Tado Miyuki , Nishitani Takuma , Kurabayashi Atsushi , Islam Mohammed , Oumi Shohei , Katsuren Seiki , Fujii Tamotsu , Sumida Masayuki
Published: July 2013

Anderson’s crocodile newt (Echinotriton andersoni) is distributed in the Central Ryukyu Islands of southern Japan, but environmental degradation and illegal collection over the last several decades have devastated the local populations. It has therefore been listed as a class B1 endangered species in the IUCN Red List, indicating that it is at high risk of extinction in the wild. The species is also protected by law in both Okinawa and Kagoshima prefectures. An artificial insemination technique using hormonal injections could not be applied to the breeding of this species in the laboratory. In this study we naturally bred the species, and tested a laboratory farming technique using several male and female E. andersoni pairs collected from Okinawa, Amami, and Tokunoshima Islands and subsequently maintained in near-biotopic breeding cages. Among 378 eggs derived from 17 females, 319 (84.4%) became normal tailbud embryos, 274 (72.5%) hatched normally, 213 (56.3%) metamorphosed normally, and 141 (37.3%) became normal two-month-old newts; in addition, 77 one- to three-year-old Tokunoshima newts and 32 Amami larvae are currently still growing normally. Over the last five breeding seasons, eggs were laid in-cage on slopes near the waterfront. Larvae were raised in nets maintained in a temperature-controlled water bath at 20 °C and fed live Tubifex. Metamorphosed newts were transferred to plastic containers containing wet sponges kept in a temperature-controlled incubator at 22.5 °C and fed a cricket diet to promote healthy growth. This is the first published report of successfully propagating an endangered species by using breeding cages in a laboratory setting for captive breeding. Our findings on the natural breeding and raising of larvae and adults are useful in breeding this endangered species and can be applied to the preservation of other similarly wild and endangered species such as E. chinhaiensis.
Environmental and Public Health Implications of Water Reuse: Antibiotics, Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria, and Antibiotic Resistance Genes
Authors: Hong Pei-Ying , Al-Jassim Nada , Ansari Mohd , Mackie Roderick
Published: July 2013

Water scarcity is a global problem, and is particularly acute in certain regions like Africa, the Middle East, as well as the western states of America. A breakdown on water usage revealed that 70% of freshwater supplies are used for agricultural irrigation. The use of reclaimed water as an alternative water source for agricultural irrigation would greatly alleviate the demand on freshwater sources. This paradigm shift is gaining momentum in several water scarce countries like Saudi Arabia. However, microbial problems associated with reclaimed water may hinder the use of reclaimed water for agricultural irrigation. Of particular concern is that the occurrence of antibiotic residues in the reclaimed water can select for antibiotic resistance genes among the microbial community. Antibiotic resistance genes can be associated with mobile genetic elements, which in turn allow a promiscuous transfer of resistance traits from one bacterium to another. Together with the pathogens that are present in the reclaimed water, antibiotic resistant bacteria can potentially exchange mobile genetic elements to create the “perfect microbial storm”. Given the significance of this issue, a deeper understanding of the occurrence of antibiotics in reclaimed water, and their potential influence on the selection of resistant microorganisms would be essential. In this review paper, we collated literature over the past two decades to determine the occurrence of antibiotics in municipal wastewater and livestock manure. We then discuss how these antibiotic resistant bacteria may impose a potential microbial risk to the environment and public health, and the knowledge gaps that would have to be addressed in future studies. Overall, the collation of the literature in wastewater treatment and agriculture serves to frame and identify potential concerns with respect to antibiotics, antibiotic resistant bacteria, and antibiotic resistance genes in reclaimed water.
Reciprocity Effects in the Trust Game
Authors: Smith Alexander
Published: July 2013

I use data from a previous experiment for classifying subjects based on their behavior in the trust game. Prior literature defines a “reciprocity effect” as the tendency for Second Movers to return proportions increasing in the amounts that they receive. In the data that I use, 31% of Second Movers show reciprocity effects, 31% are neutral, and 25% consistently free-ride, indicating that the aggregate reciprocity effect for the sample as a whole is attributable to a minority of the subjects.
Linking Climate to Incidence of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (L. major) in Pre-Saharan North Africa
Authors: Bounoua Lahouari , Kahime Kholoud , Houti Leila , Blakey Tara , Ebi Kristie , Zhang Ping , Imhoff Marc , Thome Kurtis , Dudek Claire , Sahabi Salah , Messouli Mohammed , Makhlouf Baghdad , Laamrani Abderrahmane , Boumezzough Ali
Published: July 2013

Shifts in surface climate may have changed the dynamic of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) in the pre-Saharan zones of North Africa. Caused by Leishmania major, this form multiplies in the body of rodents serving as reservoirs of the disease. The parasite is then transmitted to human hosts by the bite of a Phlebotomine sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) that was previously fed by biting an infected reservoir. We examine the seasonal and interannual dynamics of the incidence of this ZCL as a function of surface climate indicators in two regions covering a large area of the semi-arid Pre-Saharan North Africa. Results suggest that in this area, changes in climate may have initiated a trophic cascade that resulted in an increase in ZCL incidence. We find the correlation between the rainy season precipitation and the same year Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to be strong for both regions while the number of cases of ZCL incidence lags the precipitation and NDVI by 2 years. The zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis seasonal dynamic appears to be controlled by minimum temperatures and presents a 2-month lag between the reported infection date and the presumed date when the infection actually occurred. The decadal increase in the number of ZCL occurrence in the region suggests that changes in climate increased minimum temperatures sufficiently and created conditions suitable for endemicity that did not previously exist. We also find that temperatures above a critical range suppress ZCL incidence by limiting the vector’s reproductive activity.
Sun Protection Preferences and Behaviors among Young Adult Males during Maximum Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure Activities
Authors: Wickenheiser Marilyn , Baker Mary , Gaber Rikki , Blatt Hanz , Robinson June
Published: July 2013

This study explores sun protection attitudes, preferences, and behaviors among young adult males participating in an open-field activity with extreme ultraviolet radiation exposure. Male drum corps members (n = 137) responded to survey questions regarding their behavior and willingness to engage in sun protection and barriers to sunscreen usage. A subset of members (n = 31) participated in cognitive interviews exploring various sunscreen products and intervention techniques. Participants were knowledgeable about health risks and protection benefits regarding sun exposure. Generally, males had positive attitudes and normative beliefs about using sunscreen. A barrier to sunscreen re-application was lack of adequate time to reapply sunscreen during the open field activity. Males preferred a towelette application method, but were unfamiliar with its efficacy and proper use. Thus, they were more likely to use the more familiar sunscreen spray. To increase sun protection behaviors and lower skin cancer risk for males participating in open-field activities, breaks must be allotted every 2 h and have sufficient time to allow sunscreen application. Future development and research into delivery systems that rapidly and evenly apply sunscreen may help lower exposure in this population.
Inhibition of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Proinflammatory Responses by Buddleja officinalis Extract in BV-2 Microglial Cells via Negative Regulation of NF-kB and ERK1/2 Signaling
Authors: Oh Won-Jun , Jung Uhee , Eom Hyun-Soo , Shin Hee-June , Park Hae-Ran
Published: July 2013

Buddleja officinalis has been traditionally used in the supportive treatment of inflammatory and neuronal diseases in Korea and China. Although several reports have shown the anti-inflammatory effects of Buddleja officinalis, the anti-neuroinflammatory effect has remained unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of flower buds of B. officinalis Maximowicz water extract (BOWE) on LPS-induced inflammatory processes in BV-2 microglial cells. BOWE dose-dependently inhibited the production of nitric oxide as well as iNOS mRNA expression. Moreover, BOWE prevented IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression. However, BOWE had no effect on LPS-induced COX-2 or TNF-a mRNA expression. The extract also had no effect on LPS-stimulated p38 MAPK, JNK, and c-Jun phosphorylation, whereas ERK1/2 phosphorylation was strongly inhibited by BOWE. BOWE also inhibited the LPS-induced degradation of IkB-α, and LPS-induced phosphorylation of p65 NF-kB protein. These data indicate that BOWE inhibited the nitric oxide production and pro-inflammatory gene expression in BV-2 microglial cells, possibly through a negative regulation of the NF-kB and ERK1/2 pathways. Further identification of the direct target molecule(s) of BOWE is required to support its use as an anti-neuroinflammatory agent against the neurodegenerative disorders.
Dietary Intake and Food Habits of Pregnant Women Residing in Urban and Rural Areas of Deyang City, Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Gao Haoyue , Stiller Caroline , Scherbaum Veronika , Biesalski Hans , Wang Qi , Hormann Elizabeth , Bellows Anne
Published: July 2013

Micronutrient deficiencies and imbalanced dietary intake tend to occur during the reproductive period among women in China. In accordance with traditional Chinese culture, pregnant women are commonly advised to follow a specific set of dietary precautions. The purpose of this study was to assess dietary intake data and identify risk factors for nutritional inadequacy in pregnant women from urban and rural areas of Deyang region, Sichuan province of China. Cross-sectional sampling was applied in two urban hospitals and five rural clinics (randomly selected) in Deyang region. Between July and October 2010, a total of 203 pregnant women in the third trimester, aged 19–42 years, were recruited on the basis of informed consent during antenatal clinic sessions. Semi-structured interviews on background information and 24-h dietary recalls were conducted. On the basis of self-reported height and pre-pregnancy weight, 68.7% of the women had a pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) within the normal range (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25), 26.3% were found to be underweight with a BMI <18.5 (20.8% in urban vs. 35.6% in rural areas), while only 5.1% were overweight with a BMI ≥30. In view of acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDRs) the women’s overall dietary energy originated excessively from fat (39%), was low in carbohydrates (49.6%), and reached the lower limits for protein (12.1%). Compared to rural areas, women living in urban areas had significantly higher reference nutrient intake (RNI) fulfillment levels for energy (106.1% vs. 93.4%), fat (146.6% vs. 119.7%), protein (86.9% vs. 71.6%), vitamin A (94.3% vs. 65.2%), Zn (70.9% vs. 61.8%), Fe (56.3% vs. 48%), Ca (55.1% vs. 41%) and riboflavin (74.7% vs. 60%). The likelihood of pregnant women following traditional food recommendations, such as avoiding rabbit meat, beef and lamb, was higher in rural (80%) than in urban (65.1%) areas. In conclusion, culturally sensitive nutrition education sessions are necessary for both urban and rural women. The prevalence of underweight before conception and an insufficient supply of important micronutrients were more pronounced in rural areas. Therefore, attention must be given to the nutritional status, especially of rural women before, or at the latest, during pregnancy.
Magnesium and Osteoporosis: Current State of Knowledge and Future Research Directions
Authors: Castiglioni Sara , Cazzaniga Alessandra , Albisetti Walter , Maier Jeanette
Published: July 2013

A tight control of magnesium homeostasis seems to be crucial for bone health. On the basis of experimental and epidemiological studies, both low and high magnesium have harmful effects on the bones. Magnesium deficiency contributes to osteoporosis directly by acting on crystal formation and on bone cells and indirectly by impacting on the secretion and the activity of parathyroid hormone and by promoting low grade inflammation. Less is known about the mechanisms responsible for the mineralization defects observed when magnesium is elevated. Overall, controlling and maintaining magnesium homeostasis represents a helpful intervention to maintain bone integrity.
Tendances actuelles du management participatif
Authors: Barbier Jean-Claude
Published: July 2013

Le texte qui suit se fixe une ambition limitée : faire une revue cursive des questions que pose le développement du management participatif, tant dans les pratiques et les expériences que dans les discours de management. Il s'appuie, le cas échéant, sur quelques travaux de recherche en sociologie du travail et des organisations sans prétendre à une analyse complète des points de vue. Au moment où, dans les administrations, et particulièrement dans l institution des CAF, se répandent et prennent forme des démarches qui ont d abord existé dans les entreprises privées, il a paru utile de tenter une synthèse pour fournir aux praticiens des éléments de réflexion généraux. Le contexte socio-organisationnel, les contraintes et les marges de manœuvre qui sont ceux des dirigeants et des personnels des CAF sont certes bien différents de ceux de nombreuses entreprises privées. Pourtant, il apparaît certain que la prise en considération des expériences et pratiques dans d 'autres secteurs ne peut qu 'enrichir la réflexion.
La fragilisation du rapport père/enfant. Une enquête auprès des pères divorcés
Authors: Bertaux Daniel , Delcroix Catherine
Published: July 2013

Une enquête récente de l'INED a révélé que 54 % des enfants, dont les parents se sont séparés, perdent le contact avec leur père ou n'ont plus avec lui que des rencontres épisodiques. Des proportions voisines ont été trouvées dans d'autres pays européens ou aux Etats-Unis. Par contre, comme on pouvait s'y attendre, moins de dix pour cent des enfants de parents séparés perdent le contact avec leur mère. La différence des chiffres semble donc révélatrice d'une profonde dissymétrie entre les relations mère/enfant(s) d'une part, les relations père/enfant(s) de l'autre ; dissymétrie que le divorce (ou la séparation de couples non mariés) mettrait à jour.

Cette recherche effectuée par D. Bertaux et C. Delcroix pour la CNAF (programme Droit et évolution des formes de vie familiale) met en évidence certains des éléments qui structurent cette dissymétrie.
Les enjeux du financement du logement
Authors: Mouillart Michel
Published: July 2013

Alors que 60 % des ménages ne peuvent se loger sans une aide, les années quatre-vingt-dix seront marquées par un déséquilibre croissant, entre le volume des ressources dont pourra disposer le secteur du logement et celui qui serait nécessaire, tant les systèmes de financement du logement sont gravement affectés par les orientations prises en matière de politique de l'épargne.
L'usager, le client et le citoyen : quels rôles dans la modernisation du service public ?
Authors: Strobel Pierre
Published: July 2013

L'Etat et les services publics doivent en permanence justifier et légitimer leur action. Cette exigence est la source des tentatives répétées de réforme administrative et de modernisation du service public. Dans la dernière période, la modernisation a largement été conduite au nom de l'usager. Plusieurs recherches, menées récemment sur les services publics, permettent de préciser la portée, les limites de cette "modernisation par l'usager" et les questions nouvelles qu'elle pose.
Concilier vie familiale et vie professionnelle
Authors: Desplanques Guy
Published: July 2013

C'est aujourd'hui un fait acquis : les femmes travaillent de plus en plus et leur profil d'activité ressemble à celui des hommes. Si elles ont pu bénéficier du développement du secteur tertiaire, qu 'elles ont largement investi, leurs «qualités» sociales ont contribué à la création d'emplois qui étaient avant exercés dans la sphère domestique. Cette implication dans l'emploi n'a pu se faire sans modifier leur rapport à la famille, corrélativement à l'accès à l'instruction et à la maîtrise de leur fécondité. Mais le partage des rôles hommes/femmes dans la société désigne toujours la femme comme celle à qui doit revenir la charge principale de la famille. Aussi, dans la priorité donnée à la vie familiale ou à la vie professionnelle, un clivage apparaît entre les femmes très diplômées et bien rémunérées et les autres. Mais à diplôme donné, les femmes sont moins actives si leur conjoint occupe une situation sociale élevée. Le temps partiel peut être un moyen de réguler l'activité professionnelle et les charges familiales. Les crèches collectives, apanage de Paris et sa banlieue, sont prisées par les cadres tandis que les milieux plus populaires, notamment dans le nord, l'est et le midi de la France, misent sur le réseau familial.
Ouvrir la boîte noire
Authors: Autès Michel
Published: July 2013

C'est dans les dispositifs d'insertion et non dans les représentations de la pauvreté qu'il faut chercher le sens de l'insertion des pauvres. Ce sont les montages, les mises en commun, les fictions, qui produisent la croyance, les consentements, bref l'adhésion des agents au système qui les rend acteurs. Ces acteurs produisent aussi des typologies des publics qui relèvent de l'insertion. Ces classements s 'effectuent à partir d'une conception de la finalité de l'insertion, le retour à l'emploi, et donc de la plus ou moins grande distance du sujet avec celui-ci. Et l'on passera alors d'une classification à une construction de parcours et d'itinéraires au sein du territoire de l'insertion.
Les sens du territoire
Authors: Autès Michel
Published: July 2013

Avec la décentralisation, qui en est la partie la plus visible, la territorialisation des politiques publiques est un processus engagé depuis déjà plusieurs années. A travers ce processus c'est, en fait, une recomposition d'ensemble des politiques publiques qui est en cours. Cette recomposition porte non seulement sur les moyens et les méthodes de l'action publique, mais aussi sur ses finalités et sur ses fondements. C'est pourquoi on peut opérer une lecture de ces transformations à deux niveaux : d'abord, celui des réaménagements et des réagencements dans l'organisation des différents échelons de la puissance publique, des systèmes d'acteurs, de leurs modalités d'intervention et des technologies qu'ils utilisent ; ensuite, celui des catégories d'action et des modes de légitimation mobilisés qui témoignent de nouvelles stratégies en train de se former au sein de la sphère du politique.
Jeunesse : l'âge des classements [Essai de définition sociologique d'un âge de la vie]
Authors: Mauger Gérard
Published: July 2013

Les travaux consacrés à la jeunesse en France et en Europe reposent sur une double thèse : celle de l'institutionnalisation du statut juvénile et de l'individualisation des trajectoires de passage à l'âge adulte. L'auteur montre, par un détour historique, ce que l'on peut appeler l'état de jeunesse à différents moments de l'histoire. Il met en évidence que si l'institutionnalisation s'accompagne d'un certain nombre de droits, cette avancée voisine aussi avec une certaine dépendance des jeunes, due à l'allongement des études, à une entrée dans la vie professionnelle plus lointaine et plus difficile. Et la jeunesse, c'est-à-dire le temps qu 'il faut pour trouver sa place dans la société, peut s'allonger considérablement avec son cortège d'engagements, de révoltes, de désillusions pour les moins qualifiés.
L'enfant, la famille, qui protéger ? [Comparaison France - Angleterre]
Authors: Grevot Alain
Published: July 2013

Le travail de recherche comparatif mené par l'Association Jeunesse Culture Loisirs Technique (1) sur la protection de l'enfance montre que les différences et similitudes dans les méthodes de travail des praticiens anglais et français sont fortement liées à leurs cultures et normes respectives. Les différences majeures résident dans le pouvoir dont dispose chacun des deux systèmes pour séparer un enfant de la famille naturelle et dans l'importance et la signification que l'on donne à la notion de famille dans chacun des deux pays. En France, l'objectif fondamental à long terme est de maintenir l'enfant au sein de sa famille, et si le retour dans la famille naturelle est impossible le placement de longue durée en internat est envisagé. En Angleterre, l'objectif fondamental est de permettre à l'enfant de vivre dans une famille quelle qu'elle soit, et le retour de l'enfant dans sa famille naturelle ne sera souhaité que si cette solution correspond à l'intérêt de l'enfant. Sinon, la recherche d'une famille substitutive pour l'enfant devient l 'objectif principal.
Services publics et cohésion sociale
Authors: Strobel Pierre
Published: July 2013

Au-delà des principes d'égalité, de continuité et de mutabilité qui encadrent le service public «à la française», celui-ci se caractérise par la combinaison, dans des proportions variables, d'une fonction de service, d'une fonction de redistribution et de l'exercice de certaines formes de contrainte sur les citoyens. Le service public agit ainsi au nom des besoins collectifs et du bien public, et en premier lieu de la cohésion sociale. Au fil du temps, chaque service public a privilégié une de ces fonctions, en négligeant quelque peu les autres composantes, pourtant indispensables à la réalisation de ses missions : les services publics économiques, organisés en réseau (Poste, transport, énergie...), ont mis l'accent sur la fonction de service, les services publics sociaux (dont les CAF) sur la redistribution. Ces derniers sont actuellement en première ligne face au développement de la pauvreté ; mais il s'agit là d'un défi qui doit être relevé par l'ensemble des services publics, y compris les plus marchands, au risque sinon d'une dualisation accrue entre d'un côté un service public des pauvres et de l'autre des activités attirées irrésistiblement vers la sphère marchande ou réduites à un service minimum. A l'inverse, il est possible de maintenir l'unité et l'universalité du service public, ce qui n'exclut pas de réexaminer les conditions effectives de l'égalité des citoyens devant le service public et la façon dont s'opère la redistribution.
Qui doit nourrir l'enfant de parents non mariés ou démariés ?
Authors: Lefaucheur Nadine
Published: July 2013

Quatre grands paradigmes (ou modèles) - chrétien, malthusien, nataliste et famiîiste - déterminent les diverses déclinaisons de solutions apportées depuis plusieurs siècles, en Europe, à la question « Qui doit nourrir l'enfant dont la mère n'est pas mariée ? ». Ces paradigmes s'opposent à propos du contrôle des naissances, de l'abandon, de la recherche de paternité, de la surmortalité des enfants « sans père » et de la prise en charge de ces enfants par la collectivité. Les solutions de moindre mal adoptées dans le cadre de certains de ces paradigmes, peuvent apparaître, dans le cadre des autres modèles, comme relevant du plus grand mal.