bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CATO AND THE COURTS IN 54b.c.
Authors: Morrell Kit
Published: November 2014

In the 50sb.c.the Roman republic faced serious challenges, not least among them the related problems of electoral bribery and provincial extortion. The year 54b.c., which this article takes as a case study, witnessed both the worst electoral scandal Rome had ever seen and the high-profile extortion trial of M. Aemilius Scaurus. These events defy analysis in terms of the political allegiances and prosopographical connections usually tracked. It is more helpful to think of problems and (attempted) solutions, in which the younger M. Porcius Cato played a leading role. Scaurus’ prosecutor summed up a vicious circle: governors who had engaged in extortion would buy the consulship with the money they had stolen and go on to plunder other provinces. Cato countered from both sides: in the Senate, he proposed a new form of process to combat electoral corruption; as president of the extortion court, he allowed the prosecution to hurry through a case that was as much aboutambitusasrepetundae. These initiatives, while not immediately successful, helped lay the groundwork for future reforms.
OVID'S HERMIONE: A KALEIDOSCOPIC HEROINE
Authors: Murgatroyd P.
Published: November 2014

Critics generally have not warmed to Heroides 8 (in which Hermione appeals to her husband, Orestes, to rescue her from Pyrrhus, who has claimed her as his promised bride, carried her off, and holds her prisoner). Jacobson opined that the poem is ‘not very successful’ and claimed that the lengthy argumentation is ‘rather boring, not to say sometimes silly and annoying’, while Palmer described it as ‘the feeblest and least poetical of all the Heroides’. However, scholars have largely neglected some typically Ovidian cleverness and complexity in kaleidoscopic play with character. Ovid's Hermione is Hermione, but she also takes on the guise of other mythological heroines, and she represents a complete inversion of an earlier depiction of Hermione. All of this gives the poem a distinct intellectual appeal to supplement the emotional impact, with witty touches to ensure that the epistle is not mawkish.
THE ANTI-BUCOLIC WORLD OF NICANDER'STHERIACA
Authors: Overduin F.
Published: November 2014

The last decades have shown that Nicander'sTheriaca(second centuryb.c.e.), a didactic hexameter poem of 958 lines on snakes, scorpions, spiders, and the proper treatment of the wounds they inflict, is a markedly more playful work than most readers thought. Rather than considering the poem as a vehicle of authentic learning, literary approaches to the nature of Nicander's strange poetic world have focussed on his eye for Alexandrian aesthetics, intertextuality, linguistic innovation, and awareness of the didactic tradition that started with Hesiod'sWorks and Days, but also on his predilection for horror, voyeuristic sensationalism, and gory details. Although literary-minded readers have found it hard to disprove convincingly that Nicander may have hadsomeprofessional knowledge of his subject matter, a glance at his arcane language is enough to convince any reader that theTheriacacannot be concernedsolelywith its explicit subject. In this article I will make some additional observations on the way in which Nicander has turned theTheriacainto a work of literature, focussing on some of the choices that he has made with regard to his less than veracious depiction of snakes and animals. While Spatafora rightly points to Nicander's eye for detail when portraying floral beauty, I will argue that the poet's play with thetoposof thelocus amoenushas a darker side. Rather than creating an epic world of beauty, Nicander shows his talent for taking the reader along an unpleasant path of apprehension and negative feelings, portraying a choice selection of afflictions. Not only does he have many ways of giving his quasi-scientific account a markedly negative atmosphere, but his world may well be a deliberate reversal of that other well-known Hellenistic portrayal of the natural world, Theocritus' bucolics.
COWERING GUMNĒTES: A NOTE ON TYRTAEUS FR. 11.35–8 W
Authors: Romney Jessica M.
Published: November 2014

The extended exhortation of Tyrtaeus fr. 11 W urges the audience to take up their shield and spears and fight in a defensive fashion, ‘placing foot against foot, leaning chest on chest’ (v. 31). The overt message of the poem is clear: do not shirk nor run away, but rather stand firm and fight. Within the poem, Tyrtaeus weaves a more subtle message, describing a hoplite group which derives its defining characteristics through possession of a stalwart, ‘passive’ courage and a shield with a ‘belly’ (v. 24). The cohesion that this poem calls for and reproduces through its use of the second person plural and description of close, hoplite fighting, however, is disrupted by the last four lines of the poem, which form a jarring address that sit uneasily alongside the remainder of the poem. In West's text they read:
ὑμεῖς δ', ὦ γυμνῆτες, ὑπ' ἀσπίδος ἄλλοθεν ἄλλοςπτώσσοντες μεγάλοις βάλλετε χερμαδίοιςδούρασί τε ξεστοῖσιν ἀκοντίζοντες ἐς αὐτούς,τοῖσι πανόπλοισιν πλησίον ἱστάμενοι.   (vv. 35–8)

But you, light-armoured men, throw your great boulders, cowering here and there under a shield and hurling your polished spears against the enemy, as you stand near to the fully armoured men.
PLATO'S AUTHORITY AND THE FORMATION OF TEXTUAL COMMUNITIES
Authors: Baltzly Dirk
Published: November 2014

It is widely agreed that, in the re-emergence of Platonism as a dogmatic school of philosophy following the demise of the sceptical academy, Plato's works came to have an authoritative status. This paper argues for a particular understanding of what that authority consists in and how it was acquired.
Is the clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa extinct in Taiwan, and could it be reintroduced? An assessment of prey and habitat
Authors: Chiang Po-Jen , Pei Kurtis Jai-Chyi , Vaughan Michael R. , Li Ching-Feng , Chen Mei-Ting , Liu Jian-Nan , Lin Chung-Yi , Lin Liang-Kong , Lai Yu-Ching
Published: November 2014

During 1997–2012 we conducted a nationwide camera-trapping survey and assessed the availability of prey and habitat for the clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa in Taiwan. We surveyed 1,249 camera-trap sites over 113,636 camera-trap days, from the seashore to an altitude of 3,796 m and covering various types of vegetation. No clouded leopards were photographed during 128,394 camera-trap days, including at 209 sites in other studies, confirming the presumed extinction of clouded leopards in Taiwan. Assessment of the prey base revealed altitudinal distribution patterns of prey species and prey biomass. Areas at lower altitudes and with less human encroachment and hunting supported a higher prey biomass and more of the typical prey species of clouded leopards. Habitat analysis revealed 8,523 km2 of suitable habitat but this was reduced to 6,734 km2 when adjacent areas of human encroachment were subtracted. In the absence of hunting and large mammalian carnivores the major prey of clouded leopards in Taiwan, such as Formosan macaques Macaca cyclopis, Reeves's muntjacs Muntiacus reevesi, Formosan serow Capricornis swinhoei and sambar Rusa unicolor, could become over-abundant. Thus, it is important to address the cascading effect of the disappearance of top-down predator control. Our assessment indicated that, with proper regulation of hunting, habitat restoration and corridor improvement, it may be possible to reintroduce the clouded leopard.
Spacecraft Autonomous GPS Navigation based on Polytopic Linear Differential Inclusion
Authors: Chen Zhen , Li Jialin , Liu Xiangdong
Published: November 2014

Aiming at improving the poor real-time performance of existing nonlinear filtering algorithms applied to spacecraft autonomous navigation based on Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements and simplifying the algorithm design of navigation algorithms, a spacecraft autonomous navigation algorithm based on polytopic linear differential inclusion is proposed in this paper. Firstly, it is demonstrated that the nonlinear estimation error system of spacecraft autonomous navigation can be modelled as a polytopic linear differential inclusion system model according to the idea of global linearization. Thus, the filtering of a nonlinear system simplified to a filtering of a polytopic linear system with coefficients. Secondly, Tensor-Product (TP) model transformation is applied to determine the polytopic linear differential inclusion system model. The model error introduced by global linearization is reduced and the compromise between computational complexity and modelling accuracy is realised. Finally, a spacecraft autonomous navigation algorithm based on polytopic linear differential inclusion is designed by combining multi-model Kalman filtering with data fusion. Compared with an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), the proposed algorithm is simpler and easier to implement since it need not update the Jacobian matrices online. Simulation results demonstrate the same estimation accuracy of the proposed algorithm to that of EKF.
Local cycles and dynamical properties of Boolean networks
Authors: RUET PAUL
Published: November 2014

We investigate the relationships between the dynamical properties of Boolean networks and properties of their Jacobian matrices, in particular the existence of local cycles in the associated interaction graphs. We define the notion of hereditarily bijective maps, and we use it to strengthen the property of unicity of a fixed point and to provide simplified proofs and generalizations of theorems relating attractors to the existence of local cycles, in particular local positive cycles. We then argue that this notion may not suffice to prove, under a suitable hypothesis such as the existence of a cyclic attractor or a stronger hypothesis, the existence of local negative cycles. We then consider a class of Boolean networks called and-or-nets, and for this class, we prove that the hypothesis of an antipodal attractive cycle implies the existence of a local negative cycle.
A dependently-typed construction of semi-simplicial types
Authors: HERBELIN HUGO
Published: November 2014

This paper presents a dependently-typed construction of semi-simplicial sets in a type theory where sets are taken to be types. This addresses an open question raised on the wiki of the special year on Univalent Foundations at the Institute of Advanced Study (2012–2013).
Women’s autonomy and social support and their associations with infant and young child feeding and nutritional status: community-based survey in rural Nicaragua
Authors: Ziaei Shirin , Contreras Mariela , Zelaya Blandón Elmer , Persson Lars-Åke , Hjern Anders , Ekström Eva-Charlotte
Published: November 2014

Objective

To evaluate the associations of women’s autonomy and social support with infant and young child feeding practices (including consumption of highly processed snacks and sugar-sweetened beverages) and nutritional status in rural Nicaragua.

Design

Cross-sectional study. Feeding practices and children’s nutritional status were evaluated according to the WHO guidelines complemented with information on highly processed snacks and sugar-sweetened beverages. Women’s autonomy was assessed by a seventeen-item questionnaire covering dimensions of financial independence, household-, child-, reproductive and health-related decision making and freedom of movement. Women’s social support was determined using the Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire. The scores attained were categorized into tertiles.

Setting

Los Cuatro Santos area, rural Nicaragua.

Subjects

A total of 1371 children 0–35 months of age.

Results

Children of women with the lowest autonomy were more likely to be exclusively breast-fed and continue to be breast-fed, while children of women with middle level of autonomy had better complementary feeding practices. Children of women with the lowest social support were more likely to consume highly processed snacks and/or sugar-sweetened beverages but also be taller.

Conclusions

While lower levels of autonomy and social support were independently associated with some favourable feeding and nutrition outcomes, this may not indicate a causal relationship but rather that these factors reflect other matters of importance for child care.
Trends in racial/ethnic disparities in overweight self-perception among US adults, 1988–1994 and 1999–2008
Authors: Langellier Brent A , Glik Deborah , Ortega Alexander N , Prelip Michael L
Published: November 2014

Objective

Weight self-perceptions, or how a person perceives his/her weight status, may affect weight outcomes. We use nationally representative data from 1988–1994 and 1999–2008 to examine racial/ethnic disparities in weight self-perceptions and understand how disparities have changed over time.

Design

Using data from two time periods, 1988–1994 and 1999–2008, we calculated descriptive statistics, multivariate logistic regression models and predicted probabilities to examine trends in weight self-perceptions among Whites, Blacks, US-born Mexican Americans and Mexican immigrants to the USA.

Setting

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988–1994) and continuous NHANES (1999–2008).

Subjects

Adult NHANES participants aged 18 years and older (n 37 050).

Results

The likelihood of self-classifying as overweight declined between 1988–1994 and 1999–2008 among all US adults, despite significant increases in mean BMI and overweight prevalence. Trends in weight self-perceptions varied by gender and between racial/ethnic groups. Whites in both time periods were more likely than racial/ethnic minorities to perceive themselves as overweight. After adjustment for other factors, disparities in weight self-perceptions between Whites and Blacks of both genders grew between survey periods (P<0·05), but differences between overweight White women and Mexican immigrants decreased (P<0·05).

Conclusions

Weight self-perceptions have changed during the obesity epidemic in the USA, but changes have not been consistent across racial/ethnic groups. Secular declines in the likelihood of self-classifying as overweight, particularly among Blacks, are troubling because weight self-perceptions may affect weight-loss efforts and obesity outcomes.
Evaluation of Airplane Upset Recovery Training
Authors: Gawron Valerie J. , Peer Jeff
Published: November 2014

Loss of control is one of the leading factors in hull losses and fatalities in airline aircraft. To reduce the risk of this type of accident, four types of airplane upset recovery training have been developed (ground-based flight simulation, aerobatic flight, ground-based flight simulation with aerobatic flight, and in-flight simulation). These were evaluated during in-flight reenactments of fatal, hull loss airline airplane accidents. A between-subjects design, with five groups of eight nonmilitary pilots flying in their probationary year for airlines, was used to evaluate these types of training. Each group had received a different type of training, including one group that had received no training. Each pilot completed a 1.4-hr evaluation flight in which eight airplane upsets were introduced. For some scenarios, training clearly works – specifically, 39 evaluation pilots recovered from the wind shear upset. But few evaluation pilots used bank to change the direction of the lift vector to recover from nose-high upsets. Further, very few used differential thrust to recover from rudder- or aileron-induced roll upsets (use of alternate controls). Finally, recovery attempts from icing-induced stalls were generally inadequate.
Attachment Styles, Physical Proximity, and Relational Satisfaction
Authors: Shrivastava Anita , Burianova Andrea
Published: November 2014

This study aimed to explore the relationships between attachment styles, proximity, and relational satisfaction. This was achieved by assessing a distinct type of long distance romantic relationship of flying crews, compared with proximal (non-flying crew) romantic relationships. The responses of 139 expatriate professionals revealed significant associations between proximity and anxious and avoidant attachment dimensions. The role of the avoidant dimension in comparison with that of the anxious dimension was found to be a significant predictor of relational satisfaction. This study contributes significantly toward addressing the role of proximity and attachment in relational satisfaction in a new context of geographic separation.
The role of reactive oxygen species and subsequent DNA-damage response in the emergence of resistance towards resveratrol in colon cancer models
Authors: Colin D J , Limagne E , Ragot K , Lizard G , Ghiringhelli F , Solary É , Chauffert B , Latruffe N , Delmas D
Published: November 2014

In spite of the novel strategies to treat colon cancer, mortality rates associated with this disease remain consistently high. Tumour recurrence has been linked to the induction of resistance towards chemotherapy that involves cellular events that enable cancer cells to escape cell death. Treatment of colon cancer mainly implicates direct or indirect DNA-damaging agents and increased repair or tolerances towards subsequent lesions contribute to generate resistant populations. Resveratrol (RSV), a potent chemosensitising polyphenol, might share common properties with chemotherapeutic drugs through its indirect DNA-damaging effects reportedin vitro. In this study, we investigated how RSV exerts its anticancer effects in models of colon cancer with a particular emphasis on the DNA-damage response (DDR; PIKKs-Chks-p53 signalling cascade) and its cellular consequences. We showedin vitroandin vivothat colon cancer models could progressively escape the repeated pharmacological treatments with RSV. We observed for the first time that this response was correlated with transient activation of the DDR, of apoptosis and senescence.In vitro, a single treatment with RSV induced a DDR correlated with S-phase delay and apoptosis, but prolonged treatments led to transient micronucleations and senescence phenotypes associated with polyploidisation. Ultimately, stable resistant populations towards RSV displaying higher degrees of ploidy and macronucleation as compared to parental cells emerged. We linked these transient effects and resistance emergence to the abilities of these cells to progressively escape RSV-induced DNA damage. Finally, we demonstrated that this DNA damage was triggered by an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) against which cancer cells could adapt under prolonged exposure to RSV. This study provides a pre-clinical analysis of the long-term effects of RSV and highlights ROS as main agents in RSV’s indirect DNA-damaging properties and consequences in terms of anticancer response and potent resistance emergence.
Identification of Creb3l4 as an essential negative regulator of adipogenesis
Authors: Kim T-H , Jo S-H , Choi H , Park J-M , Kim M-Y , Nojima H , Kim J-W , Ahn Y-H
Published: November 2014

Understanding the molecular networks that regulate adipogenesis is crucial for combating obesity. However, the identity and molecular actions of negative regulators that regulate the early development of adipocytes remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of CREB3L4, a member of the CREB3-like family, in the regulation of adiposity. Constitutive overexpression of CREB3L4 resulted in the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation, whereas knockdown ofCreb3l4expression caused differentiation of preadipocytes into mature adipocytes, bypassing the mitotic clonal expansion step. In 3T3-L1 preadipocytes,Creb3l4knockdown resulted in increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ2) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBPα), either by increasing the protein stability of C/EBPβor by decreasing the expression of GATA3, a negative regulator of PPARγ2 expression. Consequently, increased PPARγ2 and C/EBPαlevels induced adipocyte differentiation, even in the presence of minimal hormonal inducer. Thus, it can be speculated that CREB3L4 has a role as gatekeeper, inhibiting adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Moreover, adipocytes ofCreb3l4-knockout mice showed hyperplasia caused by increased adipogenesis, and exhibited improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, as compared with littermate wild-type mice. These results raise the possibility thatCreb3l4could be a useful therapeutic target in the fight against obesity and metabolic syndrome.
Centrosome-declustering drugs mediate a two-pronged attack on interphase and mitosis in supercentrosomal cancer cells
Authors: Pannu V , Rida P C G , Celik B , Turaga R C , Ogden A , Cantuaria G , Gopalakrishnan J , Aneja R
Published: November 2014

Classical anti-mitotic drugs have failed to translate their preclinical efficacy into clinical response in human trials. Their clinical failure has challenged the notion that tumor cells divide frequently at rates comparable to those of cancer cells in vitro and in xenograft models. Given the preponderance of interphase cells in clinical tumors, we asked whether targeting amplified centrosomes, which cancer cells carefully preserve in a tightly clustered conformation throughout interphase, presents a superior chemotherapeutic strategy that sabotages interphase-specific cellular activities, such as migration. Herein we have utilized supercentrosomal N1E-115 murine neuroblastoma cells as a test-bed to study interphase centrosome declustering induced by putative declustering agents, such as Reduced-9-bromonoscapine (RedBr-Nos), Griseofulvin and PJ-34. We found tight ‘supercentrosomal’ clusters in the interphase and mitosis of ~80% of patients’ tumor cells with excess centrosomes. RedBr-Nos was the strongest declustering agent with a declustering index of 0.36 and completely dispersed interphase centrosome clusters in N1E-115 cells. Interphase centrosome declustering caused inhibition of neurite formation, impairment of cell polarization and Golgi organization, disrupted cellular protrusions and focal adhesion contacts—factors that are crucial prerequisites for directional migration. Thus our data illustrate an interphase-specific potential anti-migratory role of centrosome-declustering agents in addition to their previously acknowledged ability to induce spindle multipolarity and mitotic catastrophe. Centrosome-declustering agents counter centrosome clustering to inhibit directional cell migration in interphase cells and set up multipolar mitotic catastrophe, suggesting that disbanding the nuclear–centrosome–Golgi axis is a potential anti-metastasis strategy.
Identification of a novel nonsense variant c.1332dup, p.(D445*) in the LDLR gene that causes familial hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Al-Allaf Faisal A , Athar Mohammad , Abduljaleel Zainularifeen , Bouazzaoui Abdellatif , Taher Mohiuddin M , Own Rakan , Al-Allaf Ahmad F , AbuMansour Iman , Azhar Zohor , Ba-hammam Faisal A , Abalkhail Hala , Alashwal Abdullah
Published: November 2014

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disease predominantly caused by a mutation in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene. Here, we describe two severely affected FH patients who were resistant to statin therapy and were managed on an apheresis program. We identified a novel duplication variant c.1332dup, p.(D445*) at exon 9 and a known silent variant c.1413A>G, p.(=), rs5930, NM_001195798.1 at exon 10 of the LDLR gene in both patients.
Calcium-induced conformational changes of the regulatory domain of human mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate carriers
Authors: Thangaratnarajah Chancievan , Ruprecht Jonathan J. , Kunji Edmund R. S.
Published: November 2014

The transport activity of human mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate carriers is central to the malate–aspartate shuttle, urea cycle, gluconeogenesis and myelin synthesis. They have a unique three-domain structure, comprising a calcium-regulated N-terminal domain with eight EF-hands, a mitochondrial carrier domain, and a C-terminal domain. Here we present the calcium-bound and calcium-free structures of the N- and C-terminal domains, elucidating the mechanism of calcium regulation. Unexpectedly, EF-hands 4–8 are involved in dimerization of the carrier and form a static unit, whereas EF-hands 1–3 form a calcium-responsive mobile unit. On calcium binding, an amphipathic helix of the C-terminal domain binds to the N-terminal domain, opening a vestibule. In the absence of calcium, the mobile unit closes the vestibule. Opening and closing of the vestibule might regulate access of substrates to the carrier domain, which is involved in their transport. These structures provide a framework for understanding cases of the mitochondrial disease citrin deficiency.
Microhomology-mediated end-joining-dependent integration of donor DNA in cells and animals using TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Nakade Shota , Tsubota Takuya , Sakane Yuto , Kume Satoshi , Sakamoto Naoaki , Obara Masanobu , Daimon Takaaki , Sezutsu Hideki , Yamamoto Takashi , Sakuma Tetsushi , Suzuki Ken-ichi T.
Published: November 2014

Genome engineering using programmable nucleases enables homologous recombination (HR)-mediated gene knock-in. However, the labour used to construct targeting vectors containing homology arms and difficulties in inducing HR in some cell type and organisms represent technical hurdles for the application of HR-mediated knock-in technology. Here, we introduce an alternative strategy for gene knock-in using transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9) mediated by microhomology-mediated end-joining, termed the PITCh (Precise Integration into Target Chromosome) system. TALEN-mediated PITCh, termed TAL-PITCh, enables efficient integration of exogenous donor DNA in human cells and animals, including silkworms and frogs. We further demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated PITCh, termed CRIS-PITCh, can be applied in human cells without carrying the plasmid backbone sequence. Thus, our PITCh-ing strategies will be useful for a variety of applications, not only in cultured cells, but also in various organisms, including invertebrates and vertebrates.
Cell death induced by ozone and various non-thermal plasmas: therapeutic perspectives and limitations
Authors: Lunov Oleg , Zablotskii Vitalii , Churpita Olexander , Chánová Eliška , Syková Eva , Dejneka Alexandr , Kubinová Šárka
Published: November 2014

Non-thermal plasma has been recognized as a promising tool across a vast variety of biomedical applications, with the potential to create novel therapeutic methods. However, the understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind non-thermal plasma cellular effects remains a significant challenge. In this study, we show how two types of different non-thermal plasmas induce cell death in mammalian cell cultures via the formation of multiple intracellular reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. Our results showed a discrepancy in the superoxide accumulation and lysosomal activity in response to air and helium plasma, suggesting that triggered signalling cascades might be grossly different between different plasmas. In addition, the effects of ozone, a considerable component of non-thermal plasma, have been simultaneously evaluated and have revealed much faster and higher cytotoxic effects. Our findings offer novel insight into plasma-induced cellular responses and provide a basis for better controlled biomedical applications.
Selectively enhanced molecular emission spectra of benzene, toluene and xylene with nano-MnO2in atmospheric ambient temperature dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Jiang Xue , Li Chenghui , Long Zhou , Hou Xiandeng
Published: November 2014

In this work, nano-MnO2was used to selectively enhance molecular/radical emission spectra in an atmospheric ambient temperature dielectric barrier discharge, based on which a portable spectrometer was developed for potential in-field analysis of trace benzene, toluene and xylene.
Revisiting large volume injection in non-miscible diluents: an on-line reversed phase supported liquid extraction/liquid chromatography scenario
Authors: Lazăr Paul , Udrescu Ştefan , Tache Florentin , Albu Florin , Grinberg Nelu , Medvedovici Andrei
Published: November 2014

Large volume injection of immiscible diluents may be described as an on-line reversed phase supported liquid extraction/liquid chromatography process. A model explaining reduction of retention was proposed and tested on para-alkyl hydroxybenzoates dissolved in liquid alkanes.
Evidence for an H2promoting effect in the selective catalytic reduction of NOxby propene on Au/Al2O3
Authors: Chaieb Tesnim , Delannoy Laurent , Casale Sandra , Louis Catherine , Thomas Cyril
Published: November 2014

This work provides the first experimental evidence of the H2effect in C3H6-SCR over a Au/Al2O3catalyst. The key point is a fine control of the number of surface Au sites.
Allyl sulphides in olefin metathesis: catalyst considerations and traceless promotion of ring-closing metathesis
Authors: Edwards Grant A. , Culp Phillip A. , Chalker Justin M.
Published: November 2014

Allyl sulphides provoke rapid olefin metathesis when matched with an appropriate catalyst. In relay metathesis, allyl sulphides can serve as traceless promoters that facilitate the synthesis of non-sulphide targets.
Graphene oxide as a structure-directing agent for the two-dimensional interface engineering of sandwich-like graphene–g-C3N4hybrid nanostructures with enhanced visible-light photoreduction of CO2to methane
Authors: Ong Wee-Jun , Tan Lling-Lling , Chai Siang-Piao , Yong Siek-Ting
Published: November 2014

Graphene–g-C3N4demonstrated high visible-light photoactivity of CO2reduction to CH4, which was ascribed to the inhibition of electron–hole pair recombination by graphene.
Packing and mobility of hydrocarbon chains in phospholipid lyotropic liquid crystalline lamellar phases and liposomes: characterisation by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS)
Authors: Dong Aurelia W. , Fong Celesta , Waddington Lynne J. , Hill Anita J. , Boyd Ben J. , Drummond Calum J.
Published: November 2014

PALS is sensitive to bilayer chemical structure and nanostructure thereby assisting understanding of dynamics, diffusion and permeability of biological membranes.
Uranyl extraction by N,N-dialkylamide ligands studied using static and dynamic DFT simulations
Authors: Sieffert Nicolas , Wipff Georges
Published: November 2014

DFT/MM-MD simulations highlight the structure and dynamics of mixed uranyl/nitrato/monoamides (L) complexes at an “oil”/water interface.
Flexibility windows in faujasite with explicit water and methanol extra-framework content
Authors: Wells Stephen A. , Leung Ka Ming , Edwards Peter P. , Sartbaeva Asel
Published: November 2014

Geometric simulations reveal limits on flexibility in a zeolite framework (faujasite) with extra-framework methanol and water contents explicitly present.
2014 atomic spectrometry update – a review of advances in environmental analysis
Authors: Butler Owen T. , Cairns Warren R. L. , Cook Jennifer M. , Davidson Christine M.
Published: November 2014

This review covers advances in environmental analysis published between August 2013 and July 2014.
An in-depth view of human serum albumin corona on gold nanoparticles
Authors: Ramezani Fatemeh , Rafii-Tabar Hashem
Published: November 2014

Upon entering the blood stream, gold nanoparticles form molecular complexes with the encountered proteins such as albumin. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we have shown that with albumin exposure to the gold nanoparticles, the alpha helix amount reduced and ligand-binding sites altered by this structural change.
Synthesis of robust hierarchically porous zirconium phosphate monolith for efficient ion adsorption
Authors: Zhu Yang , Shimizu Taiyo , Kitajima Takara , Morisato Kei , Moitra Nirmalya , Brun Nicolas , Kiyomura Tsutomu , Kanamori Kazuyoshi , Takeda Kazuyuki , Kurata Hiroki , Tafu Masamoto , Nakanishi Kazuki
Published: November 2014

Hierarchically porous zirconium phosphate monoliths were synthesized and fabricated into a continuous flow setup for toxic metal ion adsorption.
Synthesis and characterization of siloxane photopolymers used for microfluidic devices
Authors: Yang Jinliang , Vitale Alessandra , Bongiovanni Roberta , Nie Jun
Published: November 2014

Synthesis and characterization of a PCR acceptable diacrylic macromer composed of a siloxane block and two polyoxyethylene blocks.
The development and use of a general route to brassinolide, its biosynthetic precursors, metabolites and analogues
Authors: Hurski A. L. , Ermolovich Yu. V. , Zhabinskii V. N. , Khripach V. A.
Published: November 2014

A new method for the construction of steroid side chains through the addition of lithium salts of dithianes to a C-22 aldehyde was developed. It was applied for the preparation of brassinolide and related brassinosteroids.
Suspended growth kinetic analysis on biogas generation from newly isolated anaerobic bacterial communities for palm oil mill effluent at mesophilic temperature
Authors: Wong Yee-Shian , Teng Tjoon Tow , Ong Soon-An , Morad Norhashimah , Rafatullah Mohd
Published: November 2014

The anaerobic degradation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) was carried out under mesophilic temperature in an anaerobic suspended growth closed bioreactor (ASGCB).
GaN:Pr3+ nanostructures for red solid state light emission
Authors: Rodrigues J. , Ben Sedrine N. , Felizardo M. , Soares M. J. , Alves E. , Neves A. J. , Fellmann V. , Tourbot G. , Auzelle T. , Daudin B. , Boćkowski M. , Lorenz K. , Monteiro T.
Published: November 2014

Photoluminescence study of praseodymium implanted and annealed GaN films, quantum wells, nanowires and quantum dots.
Fluorescent carbon by covalently attaching a BODIPY fluorophore
Authors: Lu Tian , Zewe Joseph W. , Cevheri Necmettin , Olesik Susan
Published: November 2014

This work reports the preparation and characterization of fluorescent carbon particles by covalently attaching a BODIPY fluorophore and demonstrates the feasibility of using the fluorescent carbon particles for visualization in micro/nanofluidics.
Tungstate adsorption onto oxisols in the vicinity of the world's largest and longest-operating tungsten mine in China
Authors: Li Ruiping , Luan Rina , Lin Chunye , Jiao Deqi , Guo Bobo
Published: November 2014

Tungstate adsorption in soils is critical to understand tungstate mobility and bioavailability, but study of this is lacking.
Facile synthesis of silver and bimetallic silver–gold nanoparticles and their applications in surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Baruah Bharat , Kiambuthi Meshack
Published: November 2014

Monometallic and bimetallic core–shell colloids reported here demonstrate significant SERS signals for a hydrophobic dye molecule at as low as 10 nM and AEF lies within the highest literature values.
A rapid and integrated pyramid screening method to classify and identify complex endogenous substances with UPLC/Q-TOF MS-based metabolomics
Authors: Li Yubo , Zhang Zhenzhu , Hou Zhiguo , Wang Lei , Wu Xin , Ju Liang , Zhang Xiuxiu , Zhang Yanjun
Published: November 2014

Metabolomics plays a role in disease diagnosis, safe and efficacy of drug evaluation, and microbial research.
Crystal structure, stability and Ago2 affinity of phosphorodithioate-modified RNAs
Authors: Pallan Pradeep S. , Yang Xianbin , Sierant Malgorzata , Abeydeera N. Dinuka , Hassell Tom , Martinez Carlos , Janicka Magdalena , Nawrot Barbara , Egli Martin
Published: November 2014

The high Ago2 affinity of siRNAs with combined 2′-O-methyl and phosphorodithioate backbone modifications (MePS2) in the 3′-terminal region of the sense strand is likely the result of enhanced hydrophobic interactions with the protein's PAZ domain.
pH responding reversible supramolecular self-assembly of water-soluble amino-imidazole-armed perylene diimide dye for biological applications
Authors: Zhang Wei , Gan Shi-Yu , Li Feng-Hua , Han Dong-Xue , Zhang Qi-Xian , Niu Li
Published: November 2014

A water-soluble amino-imidazole-armed perylene diimide dye exhibits reversible supramolecular structure and fluorescence emission conversion upon external pH-stimulation.
Synthesis of norbornene–cyclooctene copolymers by the cross-metathesis of polynorbornene with polyoctenamer
Authors: Gringolts M. L. , Denisova Yu. I. , Shandryuk G. A. , Krentsel L. B. , Litmanovich A. D. , Finkelshtein E. Sh. , Kudryavtsev Y. V.
Published: November 2014

Copolymers of norbornene and cyclooctene were synthesized for the first time by the cross-metathesis of polynorbornene with polyoctenamer.
Hierarchical structure of hollow thorn-like polypyrrole microtubes with enhanced electrochemical performance
Authors: Li Mei , Yang Lanlan , Zhang Yunqiang
Published: November 2014

The hydrophilic sulfonate groups of SDBS were negatively charged, and were absorbed by the cationic pyrrole radicals produced during polymerization to PPy. The electrostatic absorption between the oppositely charged ions induced so-called thorns.
Usnic acid induces apoptosis via an ROS-dependent mitochondrial pathway in human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Zuo Shu-ting , Wang Li-ping , Zhang Yan , Zhao Dan-ning , Li Qiong-shu , Shao Dan , Fang Xue-dong
Published: November 2014

Usnic acid induces ROS-dependent mitochondrial mediated apoptosis in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro and in vivo.
Large interfacial area enhances electrical conductivity of poly(3-hexylthiophene)/insulating polymer blends
Authors: Chen Jiayue , Chen Zhaobin , Qu Yunpeng , Lu Guanghao , Ye Feng , Wang Sisi , Lv Hongying , Yang Xiaoniu
Published: November 2014

The conductivity of P3HT/IP blends increases with solution mixing time because of increased interfacial area between P3HT whiskers and IP.
Mesoporous NiCu–CeO2 oxide catalysts for high-temperature water–gas shift reaction
Authors: Jha Ajay , Jeong Dae-Woon , Jang Won-Jun , Rode Chandrashekhar V. , Roh Hyun-Seog
Published: November 2014

Mesoporous NiCu–CeO2 oxide catalysts were synthesized by using the evaporation-induced self-assembly method applied to the high-temperature, water–gas shift reaction (HT-WGS) between 350 to 550 °C.
Smectite clay – inorganic nanoparticle mixed suspensions: phase behaviour and rheology
Authors: Bailey Louise , Lekkerkerker Henk N. W. , Maitland Geoffrey C.
Published: November 2014

This review describes the rich range of phase behaviour and rheological properties exhibited by these systems and the underlying physicochemical processes.
Towards low-cost, high energy density Li2MnO3 cathode materials
Authors: Dong Xin , Xu Youlong , Yan Shen , Mao Shengchun , Xiong Lilong , Sun Xiaofei
Published: November 2014

High energy density Li2MnO3 is fully activated by F-substitution by decreasing the grain size and improving the Li+ diffusion kinetics.
Novel sulfonated polyimide/polyvinyl alcohol blend membranes for vanadium redox flow battery applications
Authors: Liu Shuai , Wang Lihua , Zhang Bin , Liu Biqian , Wang Jianjun , Song Yanlin
Published: November 2014

PVA/SPI blend membranes with highly dispersed microphase separation structures for vanadium redox flow battery applications.
The effect of graphene on the performance of an electrochemical flow capacitor
Authors: Sasi Soorya , Murali Abhinav , Nair Shantikumar V. , Nair A. Sreekumaran , Subramanian K. R. V.
Published: November 2014

A schematic of an electrochemical flow capacitor device, in which graphene-based slurries were used as flow liquids.
Fabrication of high-performance, low-temperature solution processed amorphous indium oxide thin-film transistors using a volatile nitrate precursor
Authors: Choi Chang-Ho , Han Seung-Yeol , Su Yu-Wei , Fang Zhen , Lin Liang-Yu , Cheng Chun-Cheng , Chang Chih-hung
Published: November 2014

In this study, we fabricate amorphous indium oxide thin film transistors (TFTs) on a display glass substrate at various annealing temperatures from 200 °C to 300 °C.
Influence of cyano groups on the properties of piezofluorochromic aggregation-induced emission enhancement compounds derived from tetraphenylvinyl-capped ethane
Authors: Lu Qingyun , Li Xiaofang , Li Jun , Yang Zhiyong , Xu Bingjia , Chi Zhenguo , Xu Jiarui , Zhang Yi
Published: November 2014

Three tetraphenylvinyl-capped ethane derivatives containing different numbers of cyano groups exhibited strong AIE activities and significant cyano number-dependent piezofluorochromic properties.
Structure transition and magnetism of bcc-Ni nanowires
Authors: Han C. , Yang S. , Chang K. G. , Wang P. P. , Murakami Ri-ichi , Song X. P.
Published: November 2014

Body-centered-cubic (bcc) Ni nanowires were successfully synthesized by multistep ac electro-deposition on anodic aluminum oxide templates.
Structure for double flying capacitor multicell converter; progressive double flying capacitor multicell converter
Authors: Afsharikhamaneh Masoud , Abarzadeh Mostafa , Ebrahimi Jaber , Sojoudi Tina , Farhadi Payam
Published: November 2014

In this study, a novel developed structure of a converter based on double flying capacitor multi‐cell named progressive double flying capacitor multicell (PDFCM) is proposed. The main advantage of this proposed structure compared with DFCM converter is generation of more output voltage levels while having the same number of devices. This novel converter's structure is based on integration of two extended cells between the conventional cells in DFCM converter. PDFCM converter has various structural states which are named based on the number of units, consisting of two extended cells and one conventional cell. These structural states are changing by the increase of levels depending on the number of cells. Thus, the progressive increase of the number of produced levels of proposed converter is because of the increase in the number of the units. In fact, by appropriate selection of the proposed converter states, the number of levels in output voltage will be higher than those of conventional converters. This converter can be controlled either by open‐loop, self‐balancing or closed‐loop methods. In addition, the switching method is based on space vector modulation. The simulation and experimental results confirm the validity and effectiveness of the presented converter.
Pneumosinus Dilatans Helping Subcranial Resection in a Patient with Advanced Ethmoid Malignancy
Authors: Joseph Shawn T. , Thankappan Krishnakumar , Buggaveeti Rahul , Iyer Subramania
Published: November 2014

Subcranial approach is a useful procedure in the management of limited anterior skull base tumors. But the posterior and superior visualization may be limited, in ethmoid malignancies with a large intracranial extension. A 55-year-old male patient, a case of an ethmoid malignancy, with a large intracranial component was resected with adequate margins by a subcranial approach. The coincident pneumosinus dilatans helped the surgical resection. This case demonstrates that assessment of pneumatization of the frontal sinus is as important as the size and extent of the tumor, while deciding an anterior skull base surgical approach. Even large malignant lesions may be approached subcranially if the frontal sinus is proportionately large. Pneumosinus dilatans, though rare, can be used to the benefit of the patient in selecting a less invasive approach.
Biomechanical Comparison of Four Mandibular Angle Fracture Fixation Techniques
Authors: Muñante-Cardenas JoseLuis , Passeri LuisAugusto
Published: November 2014

The aim of this study was to make a comparison of the biomechanical behavior of four different internal fixation systems for mandibular angle fractures. A total of 40 polyurethane mandible replicas were employed with different fixation methods: group 1SP, one 2.0-mm four-hole miniplate; group 2PPL, two 2.0-mm four-hole parallel miniplates; group 3DP, one 3D 2.0-mm four-hole miniplate; and group 3DPP, one 3D 2.0-mm eight-hole miniplate. Each group was subjected to incisal or homolateral molar region loading. The load resistance values were measured at load application causing tip displacement of 1, 3, and 5 mm, and at the time at which the system achieves its maximum strength (MS). Means and standard deviations were compared among groups using analysis of variance and the Tukey test. Group 2PPL showed higher strength for all the displacements. For incisal loading, no statistically significant differences were found between groups 1SP, 3DP, and 3DPP. For molar loading, group 1SP and 3DPP showed statistically significant differences. For MS testing, group 1SP and 2PPL showed statistically significant differences in incisal loading; group 1SP and 3DP showed no statistically significant differences; and group 3DPP showed lower values of strength. Two parallel miniplates provide the most favorable mechanical behavior under the conditions tested.
Cranioplasty for Large-Sized Calvarial Defects in the Pediatric Population: A Review
Authors: Lam Sandi , Kuether Justin , Fong Abigail , Reid Russell
Published: November 2014

Large-sized calvarial defects in pediatric patients pose a reconstructive challenge because of children's unique physiology, developing anatomy, and dynamic growth. We review the current literature and outcomes with autologous and alloplastic cranioplasty in the pediatric population.
Long-range triplet supercurrents induced by singlet supercurrents parallel to magnetic interfaces
Authors: Alidoust Mohammad , Halterman Klaus
Published: November 2014

Employing a spin-parameterized Keldysh-Usadel technique for the diffusive regime, we demonstrate that even in the low proximity limit, considerable long-ranged triplet supercurrents can be effectively generated by spin-singlet supercurrents flowing parallel to the interfaces of uniform double ferromagnet interlayers with noncollinear exchange fields independent of actual junction geometry. The triplet supercurrents are found to be most pronounced when the thicknesses of the ferromagnet strips are unequal. To experimentally verify this generic phenomenon, we propose an accessible and controllable structure that can fully isolate the long-range triplet effects.
An ab initio molecular dynamics study of the liquid-vapor interface of an aqueous NaCl solution: Inhomogeneous density, polarity, hydrogen bonds, and frequency fluctuations of interfacial molecules
Authors: Choudhuri Jyoti Roy , Chandra Amalendu
Published: November 2014

We have presented a first principles simulation study of the structural and dynamical properties of a liquid-vapor interfacial system of a concentrated (5.3 M) aqueous NaCl solution. We have used ab initio molecular dynamics to examine the structural and dynamical properties of the bulk and interfacial regions. The structural aspects of the system that have been considered here include the inhomogeneous density profiles of ions and water molecules, hydrogen bond distributions, orientational profiles, and also vibrational frequency distributions in the bulk and interfacial regions. It is found that the sodium ions are mostly located in the interior, while the chloride anions occupy a significant portion of the interface of the slab. The water dipoles at the interface prefer to orient parallel to the surface. The dynamical aspects of the interfaces are investigated in terms of diffusion, orientational relaxation, hydrogen bond dynamics, and vibrational spectral diffusion. The results of the interfacial dynamics are compared with those of the corresponding bulk region. It is observed that the interfacial molecules exhibit faster diffusion and orientational relaxation with respect to the bulk. However, the interfacial molecules are found to have longer hydrogen bond lifetimes than those of the bulk. We have also investigated the correlations of hydrogen bond relaxation with the vibrational frequency fluctuations of interfacial water molecules.