bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
#258 : Evaluating the Clinical Utility of Physiological ICSI
Authors: Tomari Hiroyuki , Nagata Mayu , Kunitake Katsuko , Uchimura Keiko , Gondo Saki , Saito Kensuke , Sano Yukako , Honjo Kou , Nagata Yumi
Published: January 2024

Background and Aims: Physiologic ICSI (PICSI) is a method of ICSI in which sperm attached to hyaluronic acid (HA) are selected. It is known that mature sperm express receptors for adhesion to the HA due to reconstruction of the protoplasmic membrane. In fact, it has been confirmed that sperm that can adhere to HA are mature sperm, and it has been reported that their DNA is highly normal. However, previous studies on the clinical outcomes of PICSI have shown inconsistent results. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of PICSI using sibling oocytes.

Method: The 365 cycles in which two or more mature oocytes were obtained in ICSI cycles were included, and the sibling oocytes of the same cycle were equally divided between conventional ICSI and PICSI methods. Sperm selection was based on sperm morphology and motility in the conventional method, while adhesion to HA was taken into account in the PICSI method. The evaluation items were embryonic developmental potential and clinical pregnancy and miscarriage rates after single frozen thawed blastocyst transfer.

Results: The normal fertilization rates for the conventional and PICSI methods were 81.3% and 80.8%, respectively; the blastocyst rates were 64.7% and 68.2%, respectively; and the good blastocyst rates were 30.8% and 31.8%, respectively. There were no significant differences in any of the endpoints (Table 1). There were no significant differences between the two groups in clinical pregnancy and miscarriage rates after single frozen thawed blastocyst transfer (Table 2).

Conclusion: In the patients in this study, the clinical outcomes of PICSI were equivalent to those of the conventional method, and the clinical benefit of PICSI was not demonstrated. In the future, it will be necessary to examine the conditions under which PICSI is effective.
Scarecrows in Oz: The Use of Large Language Models in HRI
Authors: Williams Tom , Matuszek Cynthia , Mead Ross , Depalma Nick
Published: January 2024

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents both a critical design challenge and a remarkable opportunity for the field of Human–Robot Interaction (HRI). While the direct deployment of LLMs on interactive robots may be unsuitable for reasons of ethics, safety, and control, LLMs might nevertheless provide a promising baseline technique for many elements of HRI. Specifically, in this article, we argue for the use of LLMs asScarecrows: “brainless,” straw-man black-box modules integrated into robot architectures for the purpose of quickly enabling full-pipeline solutions, much like the use of “Wizard of Oz” (WoZ) and other human-in-the-loop approaches. We explicitly acknowledge that these Scarecrows, rather than providing a satisfying or scientifically complete solution, incorporate a form of the wisdom of the crowd and, in at least some cases, will ultimately need to be replaced or supplemented by a robust and theoretically motivated solution. We provide examples of how Scarecrows could be used in language-capable robot architectures as useful placeholders and suggest initial reporting guidelines for authors, mirroring existing guidelines for the use and reporting of WoZ techniques.
RESPECT Is Now a SIGCSE Conference
Authors: Clear Alison , Payton Jamie
Published: January 2024

On behalf of ACM SIGCSE and the highly regarded RESPECT (Research on Equity and Sustained Participation in Engineering, Computing, and Technology) community, we are happy to announce that the RESPECT conference will now be integrated as one of the flagship conferences under the ACM SIGCSE umbrella. The Conference, recognized for its dedication to explore and promote diversity, equity, and inclusion in the fields of engineering, computing, and technology, aligns seamlessly with ACM SIGCSE's mission to foster innovation and excellence in computer science education worldwide.
Kolli Calling Conference Recap
Authors: Mühling Andreas , Jormanainen Ilkka
Published: January 2024

Koli Calling is a single-track conference covering a range of topics related to education in the computing disciplines. The 23rd Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research was held both online from November 13--14, 2023, and then in-person, once again in the beautiful Koli National Park, from November 16--19, 2023. In between these two parts, a doctoral consortium was organised. The conference was held in cooperation with the ACM and SIGCSE and was organised by the University of Eastern Finland and the Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education (Germany).
Improved Adhesion of Direct Copper Seed Layer by Medium-Vacuum Sputtering Using Vacuum Ultraviolet Light
Authors: Endo S. , Shimizu A. , Fukada K.
Published: January 2024

A sputtering method is used to form the seed layer for copper electric plating. In general, copper sputtering has weak adhesion to resin, so titanium sputter is combined to increase the adhesion strength. However, etching in the lithography process requires two types of processes, titanium and copper metal. Adhesion strength was improved by performing vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) treatment as a pretreatment for medium-vacuum sputtering. We discovered the relationship between the hydroxyl groups on the resin surface and the adhesion strength by the chemical modification XPS method. Furthermore, by XPS analysis of the peeled copper interface, the adhesion mechanism between the resin and copper due to VUV irradiation was estimated. We evaluated the absorption properties in the vacuum ultraviolet region of a thinly polished glass epoxy resin. We investigated the behavior of functional groups at the interface and considered the effect of vacuum ultraviolet light in the depth direction.
Dynamic Response of Offshore Wind Turbine with a New Monopile Foundation under Different Lateral and Seismic Loadings
Authors: Ebadi-Jamkhaneh Mehdi , Kontoni Denise-Penelope N.
Published: January 2024

Using a monopile foundation due to a reliable and simple technology has a wide application in engineering structures. This paper investigates numerically the performance of an offshore wind turbine with a monopile foundation equipped with a restriction plate at a middle inside height of the monopile under the wind, wave, and seismic loadings. Different parameters, including wind velocity, wave period, wave height, soil characteristics, and combination of loadings, are considered in nonlinear finite element dynamic analyses. Results are given in terms of the distribution of displacement and bending moment over the turbine height and frequencies. The results reveal that by increasing the wind velocity, the responses of the tower increase, and the wind load acting on the hub has the most important effect on the turbine behavior rather than the wind load acting on the tower body. Furthermore, the values of maximum displacement and bending moment under wind and wave loading decrease with the increase of the shear strength of the soil, whereas the responses of the tower under earthquake loading increase. Generally, it is necessary to consider the effect of a combination of wind, wave, and earthquake loadings on the design of the turbine tower.
Isolation and Pathogenicity of a Chinese Porcine Astrovirus Type 5 Strain HNPDS‐01 and Its Influence on Cecum Microbiota in Piglets
Authors: Li Zehui , Wu Xingyi , Zhang Yunfei , Li Qianqian , Gao Junlong , Hu Yixin , Yuan Jin , Hu Hui , Jin Xiaohui , Wei Zhanyong
Published: January 2024

Astroviruses have frequently been found in mammals and poultry, but only a few have been successfully isolated for extensive research. Here, we isolated a strain of porcine astrovirus type 5 (PAstV 5) on LLC‐porcine kidney (LLC‐PK) cells, from the intestinal contents of diarrhea piglets, namely PAstV 5‐HNPDS‐01. The complete genome sequence length of this strain was 6,419 nt, which has 77.2%–91.1% nucleotide homology with other PAstV 5 strains and 45.0%–50.0% nucleotide homology with other mammalian astroviruses. The recombination analysis indicated that the recombination events were occurred in ORF 2 region (4,444–5,323 nt) in PAstV 5‐HNPDS‐01 strain. Subsequently, the pathogenicity of PAstV 5‐HNPDS‐01 was evaluated in 5‐day‐old piglets. It showed that the PAstV 5‐HNPDS‐01 could cause mild diarrhea, growth retardation, minor damage to intestinal villi clinically. Meanwhile, PAstV 5‐HNPDS‐01 infection could affect the microbiota diversity and composition of cecum in piglet from phylum to genus level. After infected with PAstV 5, there was a significant downregulation of beneficial bacteria, including Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, and Prevotella, while harmful bacteria such as Subdoligranulun showed a significant upregulation. These results provided a research basis for pathogenic mechanisms, vaccine development, and beneficial symbiotic bacteria development for PAstV 5 infection.
Congenital Malformations of the Eye: A Pictorial Review and Clinico-Radiological Correlations
Authors: Guarnera Alessia , Valente Paola , Pasquini Luca , Moltoni Giulia , Randisi Francesco , Carducci Chiara , Carboni Alessia , Lucignani Giulia , Napolitano Antonio , Romanzo Antonino , Longo Daniela , Gandolfo Carlo , Rossi-Espagnet Maria Camilla
Published: January 2024

Congenital malformations of the eye represent a wide and heterogeneous spectrum of abnormalities that may be part of a complex syndrome or be isolated. Ocular malformation severity depends on the timing of the causative event during eye formation, ranging from the complete absence of the eye if injury occurs during the first weeks of gestation, to subtle abnormalities if the cause occurs later on. Knowledge of ocular malformations is crucial to performing a tailored imaging protocol and correctly reporting imaging findings. Together with the ophthalmologic evaluation, imaging may help frame ocular malformations and identify underlying genetic conditions. The purpose of this pictorial review is to describe the imaging features of the main ocular malformations and the related ophthalmologic findings in order to provide a clinico-radiological overview of these abnormalities to the clinical radiologist. Sight is a crucial sense for children to explore the world and relate with their parents from birth. Vision impairment or even blindness secondary to ocular malformations deeply affects children’s growth and quality of life.
Techno-Economic Feasibility of Solar Water Heating Systems in the Winemaking Industry
Authors: García José L. , Baptista Fátima , Perdigones Alicia , Lizcano Juan , Mazarrón Fernando R.
Published: January 2024

The present work analyzes the feasibility of using solar water heating systems (SWHS) to supply the hot water required in the winemaking industries. The hot water demand of the sector was characterized by selecting patterns that encompass the wide range of existing casuistry. After determining the production potential of the SWHS by using an experimental system, 22500 energy simulations were carried out, combining different locations, energy prices, and prices of the necessary investment. The results demonstrate that the seasonality and irregularity of a winery’s demand pattern drastically condition the viability and profitability of SWHS. In wineries with high demand, which are relatively uniform throughout the year, the solar system with optimized design achieves energy consumption reductions between 32% (low radiation) and 52% (high radiation), with payback between 4.3 and 7.2 years. On the other hand, in wineries with highly seasonal consumption, SWHS are not profitable even in very favorable cases.
Potential Use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Aggregate and Waste Plastic Bottles for Sustainable Asphalt Pavement Production
Authors: Birega Tibebu , Geremew Anteneh , Nigatu Mekonnen
Published: January 2024

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of reclaimed asphalt pavement aggregate (RAPA) and waste plastic bottles (WPBs) for sustainable asphalt pavements production in hot weather conditions. To enhance the adhesion between neat bitumen, RAPA, and WPBs‐coated aggregates, a rougher surface texture is created for aggregate particles in the modified asphalt mix. This improvement enhances asphalt mix engineering properties, rutting resistance, and stability. However, bituminous mixtures containing 20% RAPA exhibit tendencies toward strip resistance, this mixture is weak in terms of strength and incapable of supporting loads when utilizing the RAPA. Therefore, due to the moisture susceptibility of the RAPA, it is advised to employ several types of aggregates in future studies to determine the optimal aggregate that can resist stripping and, at the same time, handle heavy loads. Finally, for better asphalt mix performance, it is recommended to use a combination of 70% crushed stone aggregate, 20% RAPA, and 10% WPBs in asphalt mix with a 5.0% optimum modifier content. The experimental results for tensile strength ratio, proportional rut depth, and mean rut depth meet the required specifications of the Ethiopian Road Authority for all properties tested. Therefore, this combination is strongly advised for use in hot mix asphalt production.
A Two‐Stage Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control for Connected Automated Vehicles in Multislope Roads considering Communication Delay and Actuator Delay
Authors: Kuang Jianjie , Tan Gangfeng , Guo Xuexun , Pei Xiaofei , Peng Dengzhi
Published: January 2024

Connected and automated vehicle platoons (CAVPs) are considered an effective way to alleviate traffic congestion, reduce the incidence of traffic accidents, and improve vehicle economy in the intelligent transportation system (ITS). Vehicles in the CAVPs can communicate with each other through V2X technology, which could optimize the economy of the platoon. Cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) can make effective use of the characteristics of CAVPs and contribute to resource conservation, ecological driving, and traffic system development. In this paper, a two‐stage CACC method is proposed for CAVPs to reduce fuel consumption in the multislope road section. In the first stage, the optimal velocity profiles for the leader based on dynamic programming (DP) are planned according to the road information and the fuel consumption model. In the second stage, a vehicle longitudinal third‐order differential dynamics model is utilized to build the platoon time‐delay system considering communication delay and actuator delay. A feedback controller is developed for each vehicle considering the internal stability and the string stability of the CAVPs. Results show that the proposed method can save 5.33% of fuel consumption compared to the constant speed cooperative adaptive cruise control (CS‐CACC) method and has a better tracking performance compared to the model predictive control (MPC) method. The CACC method proposed in this paper can provide a theoretical basis and data support for building an ecological CACC strategy for CAVPs.
Negative Hyperselection of Resistance Mutations for Panitumumab Maintenance in RAS Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (PanaMa Phase II Trial, AIO KRK 0212)
Authors: Stahler Arndt , Kind Andreas J. , Sers Christine , Mamlouk Soulafa , Müller Lothar , Karthaus Meinolf , Fruehauf Stefan , Graeven Ullrich , Fischer von Weikersthal Ludwig , Sommerhäuser Greta , Kasper Stefan , Hoppe Beeke , Kurreck Annika , Held Swantje , Heinemann Volker , Horst David , Jarosch Armin , Stintzing Sebastian , Trarbach Tanja , Modest Dominik P.
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

We evaluated additional mutations in RAS wild-type (WT) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) as prognostic and predictive biomarkers for the efficacy of added panitumumab to a 5-fluorouracil plus folinic acid (FU/FA) maintenance as pre-specified analysis of the randomized PanaMa trial.

Patients and Methods:

Mutations (MUT) were identified using targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS; Illumina Cancer Hotspot Panel v2) and IHC. RAS/BRAF V600E/PIK3CA/AKT1/ALK1/ERBB2/PTEN MUT and HER2/neu overexpressions were negatively hyperselected and correlated with median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) since start of maintenance treatment, and objective response rates (ORR). Univariate/multivariate Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results:

202 of 248 patients (81.5%) of the full analysis set (FAS) had available NGS data: hyperselection WT, 162 (80.2%); MUT, 40 (19.8%). From start of maintenance therapy, hyperselection WT tumors were associated with longer median PFS as compared with hyperselection MUT mCRC (7.5 vs. 5.4 months; HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.52–1.07; P = 0.11), OS (28.7 vs. 22.2 months; HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36–0.77; P = 0.001), and higher ORR (35.8% vs. 25.0%, P = 0.26). The addition of panitumumab to maintenance was associated with significant benefit in hyperselection WT tumors for PFS (9.2 vs. 6.0 months; HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.47–0.93; P = 0.02) and numerically also for OS (36.9 vs. 24.9 months; HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.61–1.36; P = 0.50), but not in hyperselection MUT tumors. Hyperselection status interacted with maintenance treatment arms in terms of PFS (P = 0.06) and OS (P = 0.009).

Conclusions:

Extended molecular profiling beyond RAS may have the potential to improve the patient selection for anti-EGFR containing maintenance regimens.
IL15 and IL21: Better When Membrane-Tethered Together on Antitumor T Cells
Authors: Ruffin Ayana T. , Wittling Megen C. , Cole Anna C. , Paulos Chrystal M.
Published: January 2024

Systemic administration of homeostatic γ-chain cytokines mediates antitumor responses in some patients treated with adoptive immunotherapy. Yet many patients experience toxic side effects. New work presented herein suggests these limitations can be overcome by membrane-tethering IL15 and IL21 to T-cell products. This finding has major implications in advancing medicine.

See related article by Nguyen et al., p. 1555
Dual Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Targeting CD38 and SLAMF7 with Independent Signaling Demonstrate Preclinical Efficacy and Safety in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Roders Nathalie , Nakid-Cordero Cecilia , Raineri Fabio , Fayon Maxime , Abecassis Audrey , Choisy Caroline , Nelson Elisabeth , Maillard Claire , Garrick David , Talbot Alexis , Fermand Jean-Paul , Arnulf Bertrand , Bories Jean-Christophe
Published: January 2024

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for multiple myeloma targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) induces high overall response rates. However, relapse still occurs and novel strategies for targeting multiple myeloma cells using CAR T-cell therapy are needed. SLAMF7 (also known as CS1) and CD38 on tumor plasma cells represent potential alternative targets for CAR T-cell therapy in multiple myeloma, but their expression on activated T cells and other hematopoietic cells raises concerns about the efficacy and safety of such treatments. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of the CD38 gene in T cells and developed DCAR, a double CAR system targeting CD38 and CS1 through activation and costimulation receptors, respectively. Inactivation of CD38 enhanced the anti–multiple myeloma activity of DCAR T in vitro. Edited DCAR T cells showed strong in vitro and in vivo responses specifically against target cells expressing both CD38 and CS1. Furthermore, we provide evidence that, unlike anti-CD38 CAR T-cell therapy, which elicited a rapid immune reaction against hematopoietic cells in a humanized mouse model, DCAR T cells showed no signs of toxicity. Thus, DCAR T cells could provide a safe and efficient alternative to anti-BCMA CAR T-cell therapy to treat patients with multiple myeloma.
Association of Serum Unsaturated Fatty Acid Patterns with the Risk of Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Xu Shuang , Li Xinyuan , Hou Qing , Xu Ning , Lu Qingmiao , Wang Sudan , Dai Chunsun
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Unsaturated fatty acids play an essential role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, previous studies were mainly focused on the role of individual unsaturated fatty acid. The serum unsaturated fatty acid patterns (FAPs) in patients with DN remain to be determined. Methods: A total of 135 patients with DN (DN group) and 322 patients with type II diabetes without nephropathy (non-DN group) were included in this study. Clinical data, serum levels of unsaturated fatty acids, and other laboratory indicators were collected. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify risk factors for serum unsaturated fatty acid level in both groups. Serum unsaturated fatty acids were subjected to factor analysis to identify distinct FAPs. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to assess the risk of DN associated with different serum FAPs. Results: After adjusting for confounders, three types of unsaturated fatty acid including C20:5 (eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]), C22:6 (docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]), and C22:5 n-3 (docosapentaenoic acid n-3) were significantly associated with DN in the population. The odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of DN were 0.583 (0.374, 0.908), 0.826 (0.716, 0.954), and 0.513 (0.298, 0.883), respectively. Factor analysis revealed five major FAPs, among which FAP2 (enriched with EPA and DHA) exhibited a significant inverse association with DN. In the multivariate-adjusted model, the OR (95% CI) was 0.678 (0.493, 0.933). Additionally, a combination of DHA and EPA enriched in FAP2 further decreased extracellular matrix production induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 in podocytes and tubular cells. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that FAP2 which is enriched with DHA and EPA is associated with a reduced risk of DN. This highlights the potential of targeting FAP2 for the patients with DN.
Epigenetic Contributions to Clinical Risk Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Chybowska Aleksandra D. , Gadd Danni A. , Cheng Yipeng , Bernabeu Elena , Campbell Archie , Walker Rosie M. , McIntosh Andrew M. , Wrobel Nicola , Murphy Lee , Welsh Paul , Sattar Naveed , Price Jackie F. , McCartney Daniel L. , Evans Kathryn L. , Marioni Riccardo E.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is among the leading causes of death worldwide. The discovery of new omics biomarkers could help to improve risk stratification algorithms and expand our understanding of molecular pathways contributing to the disease. Here, ASSIGN—a cardiovascular risk prediction tool recommended for use in Scotland—was examined in tandem with epigenetic and proteomic features in risk prediction models in ≥12 657 participants from the Generation Scotland cohort.

METHODS:

Previously generated DNA methylation–derived epigenetic scores (EpiScores) for 109 protein levels were considered, in addition to both measured levels and an EpiScore for cTnI (cardiac troponin I). The associations between individual protein EpiScores and the CVD risk were examined using Cox regression (n
cases
≥1274; n
controls
≥11 383) and visualized in a tailored R application. Splitting the cohort into independent training (n=6880) and test (n=3659) subsets, a composite CVD EpiScore was then developed.

RESULTS:

Sixty-five protein EpiScores were associated with incident CVD independently of ASSIGN and the measured concentration of cTnI (
P
<0.05), over a follow-up of up to 16 years of electronic health record linkage. The most significant EpiScores were for proteins involved in metabolic, immune response, and tissue development/regeneration pathways. A composite CVD EpiScore (based on 45 protein EpiScores) was a significant predictor of CVD risk independent of ASSIGN and the concentration of cTnI (hazard ratio, 1.32;
P
=3.7×10
−3
; 0.3% increase in C-statistic).

CONCLUSIONS:

EpiScores for circulating protein levels are associated with CVD risk independent of traditional risk factors and may increase our understanding of the etiology of the disease.
A New Greek Graffito from the Bilsk Hillfort and Greek Graffiti in Scythian Contexts
Authors: Polinskaya Irene , Skory Sergey
Published: January 2024

The article presents a recent find of a potsherd, bearing an ancient Greek graffito, reported from the area of the Bilsk Hillfort. The area of discovery, considered by some archaeologists to be the city of Gelonos (Hdt. 4.108), makes this otherwise ordinary graffito potentially significant. The authors discuss the historical, archaeological, and epigraphic contexts of the find and possible scenarios of how it may have ended up at the site. To provide an epigraphic background for the find, the study is accompanied by a catalogue of Greek graffiti and dipinti from Scythian burials and settlements of the Northern Black Sea area and steppe and forest-steppe zones of Eastern Europe.
States Follow Their Sovereigns: Sign and Symbol in Song Huizong’s Migration into Jurchen Captivity
Authors: Wyatt Don J.
Published: January 2024

No Chinese dynasty of the lengthy imperial era surpasses the Song in the amassed volume of oracular literature composed during its span that addresses its own predicted downfall. Much of what we now possess of this store of literature, which we can assume constitutes but a fraction of all that once circulated, derives from oral tradition. Most of this literature consists of prose anecdotes in the “brush jottings” (biji 筆記) vein and, through these as well as other sources, we can discern the outlines of at least three key contours of noteworthy consistency. First and foremost, we may observe that a preponderance of these oracular anecdotes foreshadowing the fall of Song either center on or otherwise involve the person and actions of a single individual—Huizong 徽宗 (r. 1100–1126), the ill-fated de facto last of the early or Northern Song (960–1127) emperors, who himself was physically transferred as a hostage and icon into enemy Jurchen captivity. Second, to the extent that they are really at all datable, most of these anecdotes postdate the extinction of the initial Song, suggesting of course that they are constructions composed after the fact as opposed to having ever been in any way definitively predictive. Third and finally, especially when contrasted with the comparatively fewer examples that augur the destruction of the Southern Song (1127–1279), this subgenre of predictive literature sheds valuable light even as it raises intriguing questions about how Chinese conceptions of sedition against and loyalism toward state and sovereign might have evolved between the distinctive times of the “two Songs.”
Soldier, Hostage, Diplomat: The Odyssey of Mao Guoke and the End of the Sixteenth-Century Korea War
Authors: Puk Wing Kin
Published: January 2024

This paper explores the potentially scandalous truce between the front-line Ming and Japanese commanders in the last days of the sixteenth-century Korea War. Mao Guoke, a Ming officer, was “dressed up” as the younger brother of his senior commander Mao Guoqi and sent to Japan as a hostage. He returned after almost two years (1598–1600) expecting to be received as a hero but was dismissed as more of a “self-made hero.” This was because the Ming court preferred the “correct” version of the war: that it was ended not by negotiation but by the military victory of the Ming and Chosŏn Korea. Mao Guoke’s odyssey is an illuminating case of the interflow and mixture of information, true and false, amid the fog of war. The case also highlights the unique pattern of war and diplomacy in premodern times wherein front-line agents enjoyed and exercised autonomy to an extent that is unthinkable to modern minds.
Notes on the typification of Typha shuttleworthii (Typhaceae)
Authors: NATALE STEFANO DI , VICIANI DANIELE , LASTRUCCI LORENZO
Published: January 2024

Typha shuttleworthii W.D.J.Koch & Sond. in W.D.J.Koch (1844: 786) is a species distributed in Central and Southern Europe, from France to Ukraine (Leonova 1976; Cook 1980) as well as Turkey and Iran (Baytop 1984; Hamdi et al. 2009) but it may have been overlooked due to its resemblance to the better known Typha latifolia Linnaeus (1753: 971), especially in the early stages of inflorescence development. It was firstly described from Switzerland based on samples provided by Robert James Shuttleworth, who was an English botanist and malacologist active in Bern from 1833 to 1866 (Stafleu & Cowan 1985).
Visualizing Hope: Investigating the Effect of Public Art on Risk Perception and Awareness of Climate Adaptation
Authors: Mah Andrea , Aragón Carolina , Markowitz Ezra
Published: January 2024

To support human flourishing in a climate-changed world, individuals and communities will have to take costly and challenging adaptation actions. Although there is evidence of increasing public concern over climate change, current levels of engagement and adaptation action remain insufficient. There is a need for innovative ways to bring individuals and communities into the climate movement. Public art installations that creatively communicate relevant aspects of the problem may represent one largely untapped pathway to greater levels of engagement. Here, we examined how virtual exposure to a public art installation, FutureSHORELINE, impacted climate change risk perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and emotions. The installation depicted sea level rise impacts and solutions for a shoreline area in Boston, Massachusetts. In study 1 (N = 474), participants were randomly assigned to view the art in different formats: video, stills, or 360° viewers. Exposure to this installation, in any format, was associated with greater perceived risk of climate change, feelings of personal responsibility to address climate change, and likelihood of engaging in community-led initiatives related to climate change as compared with pre-art-exposure levels. In study 2 (N = 294), the video was compared, with and without text, with a no-information control. This study revealed that the video impacted emotional reactions to climate change. Public art installations may present a model by which to make information about the local impacts of climate change and proposed adaptation solutions visible to diverse audiences, providing a novel way to increase public concern and engagement.

Significance Statement

While much climate change art has been created, efforts to systematically evaluate its impacts are sparse. The purpose of this work was to examine how viewing a landscape installation impacted climate change and sea level rise perceptions. Across two studies, we evaluated the impacts of viewing a Boston (Massachusetts)-based landscape installation depicting the impacts of, and a solution to, sea level rise and flooding. Our results highlight the potential usefulness of art as a means of communicating about climate change.
Outcomes of Hospitalized Injured Suspects Sustaining Gunshot Wounds From Law Enforcement Action
Authors: Tran Zachary , Reeves Matthew , Cho Nam Yong , Lum Sharon , Benharash Peyman , Mukherjee Kaushik
Published: January 2024

Background

Although firearms are implicated in the majority of law enforcement intervention (LEI)-related deaths, scientific research is lacking. The present study sought to characterize clinical and financial outcomes between injured suspects and other gunshot wound (GSW) patients.

Study Design

The 2016-2020 National Inpatient Sample was queried for patients ≥16 years old admitted following GSW. Patients were categorized as injured suspects (ISs) if they were injured in LEI and non-IS otherwise. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality with complications, hospitalization duration (LOS), and costs secondarily considered. Multivariable regression models were used to adjust for patient characteristics, injury burden using the Trauma Mortality Prediction Model (TMPM), and hospital factors.

Results

Of 143,125 hospitalizations, 1575 (1.10%) were IS. Compared to non-IS, ISs were less frequently Black (24.4% vs 54.3%) but had a higher proportion of psychiatric conditions (19.4% vs 6.4%) ( P < .05). Although having a similar requirement for major operations and TMPM score, ISs more frequently underwent thoracic (11.4% vs 4.1%) and gastrointestinal operations (33.0% vs 25.7%) ( P < .05). After adjustment, IS was associated with similar odds of mortality but was associated with greater odds of cardiac complications, respiratory failure, and need for intensive care. While LOS was similar, IS was associated with greater costs (β: +$14,300, 95% CI: 6,200-22,400).

Conclusions

Suspects injured during law enforcement intervention have similar in-hospital mortality but greater complication rates and costs. Through the quantification of the clinical and financial burden of IS, our findings may help inform further policy discussions regarding use of potentially lethal force in law enforcement intervention.
Comparison of 2 Models of Care for Children With Medical Complexity Following Spinal Fusion
Authors: Semenetz Zachary , Lewis Amanda M. , Arasteh Kamyar , Liu Tullis , Demczko Matthew
Published: January 2024

We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients with neuromuscular scoliosis following spinal fusion surgery who were cared for post-operatively by either a hospitalist/orthopedics co-management team or a complex care clinic (CCC). Assignment to either treatment group was not random. To account for baseline differences between groups, we calculated propensity scores and used these as probability weights in generalized linear models. After matching, the CCC had a shorter length of stay (LOS, coefficient = −2.60; P = .04) without a significant difference in 30-day readmission rate ( P = .62). For secondary outcomes, there were some significant resource utilization benefits favoring the complex care group without significant difference in complication outcomes between groups. In managing patients after spinal fusion surgery, both groups had similar LOS compared with prior studies of children after spinal fusion surgery. Management by the CCC may confer some outcome benefits for their patients.
Consequences of Identity Theft Victimization: Disabilities and Mental Distress
Authors: Irvin-Erickson Yasemin
Published: January 2024

This study contributes to the growing literature on consequences of identity theft victimization as well as the broader literature on disabilities and victimization by exploring the connection between mental distress and disability status of an identity theft victim. This study analyzes data from the 2018 iteration of the National Crime Victimization Survey Identity Theft Supplement. Specifically, through logistic regression analysis, this study examines if severe mental distress experienced by identity theft victims varies in relation to their disability status and disability type. Identity theft victims with physical disabilities and multiple forms of disabilities are more likely than individuals with no disabilities to experience severe mental distress after their identity theft victimization. Practice and research implications are discussed.
Subversive Theology: The Patristic Theology of Joseph Turmel
Authors: Talar Charles J. T.
Published: January 2024

Among nineteenth-century Protestant theologians were those who sought to deconstruct aspects of the Patristic synthesis in order to “purify” those of the incursions of Hellenism and liberate the authentic Gospel. The Catholic Patristic scholar Joseph Turmel (1859–1943) shared the deconstructive aspect but also tried to delegitimate Christian theology more generally. He did this in major part by resorting to pseudonyms to avoid detection. His series of articles published in 1906 under Antoine Dupin formed part of this agenda. The article explores how Turmel came to adopt this larger strategy, how the Dupin series on the early theology of the Trinity contributed to it, and the multiple efforts to unmask the true author behind the pseudonym. Turmel's aims in this writing and others like it form part of the larger story of Roman Catholic Modernism.
Death Anxiety Among Urban Middle Class: The Predictive Role of Income and Symbolic Money Attitudes
Authors: Astriti Naya-Ersi , Prodromitis Gerasimos
Published: January 2024

Terror management theory argues that money can function as an existential anxiety buffer. Therefore, the primary goal of this study ( N = 153) was to examine the relationship of income and symbolic money attitudes to death anxiety among middle-class individuals. In line with our predictions, results demonstrated that higher income earners experienced less death anxiety than their lower income counterparts. In addition, the more those living on low incomes regarded money as a symbol of power, the more prone to death anxiety they were. Low income and symbolic money attitudes, namely the evil and power dimensions, strongly contributed to death anxiety, with income serving as a moderator in the power dimension and death anxiety association: it was significant and positive only for those at greater risk of poverty. Personal income also seemed to play a crucial role in the connection between left–right self-placement and death anxiety, especially among male participants upon whom other people were financially dependent. Implications of these findings are discussed.
State violence and target group adaptation: Maintaining social status in the face of repressions in Soviet Russia
Authors: Lankina Tomila V , Libman Alexander , Tertytchnaya Katerina
Published: January 2024

How does state-led repression targeting communities influence the social reproduction of victimized groups? Although several excellent studies have explored the sociopolitical consequences of a broad set of conflict-trauma legacies, notably, communal, religious and kinship drivers of responses to state violence, few researchers have explored the mechanisms of social status preservation under violence. The omission of class and social status from conflict research is puzzling considering that millions of people from Cambodia to China and from Russia to Hungary have suffered from state-led violence that targeted entire social groups and communities – from monks and priests with privileged positions in the social hierarchies, to the aristocracy and bourgeoisie. To generate theory about the mechanisms of social submission, adaptation or resistance in the face of group-based repressions, we explored the effects of Soviet repressions on the survival choices and reproduction of the Tzarist educated strata. For our analysis, we deployed subnational data on repressions and social structure and combined this with novel survey evidence and archival sources. We found that, contrary to conventional wisdom, repressions did not prevent the Imperial educated estates from engaging in habitual status- and identity-enhancing pursuits. Throughout the Soviet period, these groups continued to aspire to higher education and professional achievement. What is more, we show that continuity in pursuits was more common in places with more extensive repressions and a larger ‘stock’ of pre-Revolutionary middle classes. We propose that in-group social bonding and permissive political opportunities facilitated social adaptation. Our findings contribute to conflict and social resilience literature.
Bookshelf: Kappan authors on their favorite reads
Authors: Miles Sarah , Ciannella Caitlin
Published: January 2024

In this regular column, Kappan authors share books and articles that have inspired and influenced them. Sarah Miles and Caitlin Ciannella discuss an article from Contemporary Educational Psychology. Seth Parsons describes Preparing Teachers for a Changing World: What Teachers Should Learn and Be Able to Do, edited by Linda Darling-Hammond and John Bransford.
Policy Solutions: How teachers and ed tech can help each other
Authors: Collins Jonathan E.
Published: January 2024

Education technology companies make millions of dollars from their education products and services. Ed tech companies could reinvest in school customers. Columnist Jonathan E. Collins suggests they could do this by incorporating teachers, especially teachers of color and teachers serving vulnerable subgroups of students, into their corporate board apparatus. They should start rotating teachers onto their corporate boards or develop advisory boards made up of current teachers.
The Only way is up? How Different Facets of Employee and Supervisor Perfectionism Help or Hinder Career Development
Authors: Otto Kathleen , Baluku Martin , Schaible Amelie , Oflu Cemre , Kleszewski Emily
Published: January 2024

Although the double-edged nature of perfectionism is widely acknowledged, little is known about how it shapes employee career development. By combining two field studies, we provide a multiperspective insight into the relevance of both employee and supervisor perfectionism for employee career development. While we expected self-oriented perfectionism (SOP) to have an ambivalent role for career development, we proposed that socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP) in particular, but also other-oriented perfectionism (OOP), would show maladaptive relationships with career-related indicators. In Study 1 ( N = 116), we focused on the employee perspective and how multidimensional perfectionism relates to career aspirations (operationalized via work motivation) and subjective career success. Employees high in SOP reported higher, whereas those high in SPP reported lower perceived career success. OOP was negatively related to intrinsic motivation, but positively explained extrinsic (social) motivation and amotivation. In Study 2 ( N = 146), we examined the role of supervisor perfectionism in supporting or hindering employees’ career development by providing or draining resources. Our results show that supervisors high in SOP - and partly in OOP are reluctant to delegate highly responsible tasks; SPP even increased the likelihood of assigning illegitimate tasks to subordinates. Our findings suggest that both employee and supervisor perfectionism may boost or thwart employee career development and success. We discuss that supervisor perfectionism may limit employees’ opportunities for experiential learning.
Factors Associated With Influenza Vaccination During Pregnancy: A Real-World Evidence-Based Study
Authors: Huang Kuang-Hua , Xie Wan-Ting , Wang Jiun-Yi , Yeh Te-Feng , Tsai Tung-Han , Chang Yu-Chia
Published: January 2024

Pregnant women are at increased risk of influenza-related complications. However, the rate of influenza vaccination among pregnant women in Taiwan is low. By analyzing real-world data in this study, we investigated the factors associated with influenza vaccination during pregnancy in Taiwan. This study was a cross-sectional study. We collected real-world data from 2 databases in Taiwan: the Birth Certificate Database and the National Health Insurance Research Database. The study population was pregnant between October 2014 and December 2016 in Taiwan. The multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with influenza vaccination, including maternal sociodemographics, trimester, comorbidities, and health-care utilization. The vaccination rate of among pregnant women was 8.2%. Factors significantly associated with a high likelihood of influenza vaccination were age between 30 and 34 years (odds ratio [OR]: 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10-1.19), second trimester (OR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.75-1.85), income equal to or exceeding NT$ 38 201 (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.86-1.99), hypertension (OR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.05-1.29), cardiovascular disease (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.17-1.42), autoimmune disease (OR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.38-1.58), and chronic pulmonary disease (OR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.18-1.31). A low level of urbanization, at least 1 hospitalization in the previous year, and the presence of pregnancy complications (eg, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and placenta previa) were associated with a lower likelihood rate of influenza vaccination. The influenza vaccination rate among pregnant women in Taiwan was low. Age, gestational age, income level, urbanization level, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disease, chronic pulmonary disease, and pregnancy complications may be associated with influenza vaccination among pregnant women.
Different Approaches to Managerial Support for Flexible Working: Implications for Public Sector Employee Well-Being
Authors: Buick Fiona , Blackman Deborah Ann , Glennie Miriam , Weeratunga Vindhya , O’Donnell Michael Edward
Published: January 2024

Improving well-being is an important human resource management issue within public sector organizations as it is linked with improved employee and organizational outcomes. A key antecedent to employee well-being is work–life balance, which can be supported or impeded by flexible working. The extent to which flexible working supports work–life balance and, ultimately, well-being depends on how flexible working is implemented, where managers play a central role. Managers can enable work–life balance by providing employees with work-family-specific support, which incorporates a range of behaviors, including facilitating access to flexible working. However, research to date says little about how and why managers engage in these behaviors and whether this differs within the same organizational context. This article addresses this gap, presenting four approaches to managerial support for flexible working: unconditional support, performance contingent support, no support, and support based upon the approval of others (transfer responsibility). It explores the reasons for each approach through the lens of Conservation of Resources (COR) theory. It suggests that different approaches create the potential for employee well-being to vary considerably within the same organizational and team context. These findings inform how to support and manage flexible working arrangements in ways that optimize well-being in the public sector.
Quantifying events or entities?—A corpus-based study of universal quantifiers in early child English and child-directed speech
Authors: Deng Xiangjun , Zheng Xiaobei , Ge Haoyan
Published: January 2024

The acquisition of quantifiers is a central topic in cognitive science. The present study investigated the emergence, frequency, and non-target-like production of the universal quantifiers all, every, and each in child English from a linguistic perspective, based on the data from longitudinal naturalistic observation of 10 English-speaking children and their caregivers. We found that the use of these quantifiers as adverbs or in adverbials generally appeared earlier, and was more frequent, than their use as (pre)determiners in early child English. We also found that input frequency exerts a great influence on some aspects of the acquisition of universal quantifiers, for example, the frequency of the predeterminer all, but there are still some patterns that cannot be explained by mere input frequency, such as children’s initial preference for using universal quantifiers in A(dverbial)-quantification and their non-target forms. Their initial overreliance on A-quantification may be explained by event quantification being cognitively less demanding than entity quantification, and their non-target productions likely result from their developing grammatical systems. We argue that the acquisition of universal quantifiers involves multiple factors, such as cognitive complexity, children’s developing grammatical systems, and input frequency, interacting with each other.