bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biosynthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Wuluh Star Fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi) for Chromium Analysis
Authors: Dewi Ria Kemala , Firdaus M. Lutfi , Nursa'adah Euis
Published: March 2024

One of the heavy metals that can pollute waters is the heavy metal chromium (Cr). Chromium has many important roles in life. Chromium material is widely used by humans for various purposes, especially in the industrial world. However, the large number of uses of chromium in the industrial world and the waste it generates can have a negative impact on the environment and human health. One way to deal with chromium pollution is by analyzing the presence of chromium in waters. The aim of this research is to analyze the presence of chromium using a simple, effective, economical and accurate method, namely the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using samples of starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi) as a bioreductor rich in ascorbic acid, with a colorimetric method, namely a method based on the aggregation of gold nanoparticles with ascorbic acid from starfruit, which causes a shift in plasmons and causes color changes that can be seen by the eye. Based on the analysis results, data was obtained that gold nanoparticles synthesized from the starfruit bioreductor can detect chromium with a concentration of 10 ppm with optimum conditions at pH 5, temperature 75oC, optimum incubation time of 5 minutes and gold nanoparticles are selective and sensitive for detecting chromium.
Conducting Polymers for Wearable Sensors: A Bibliometric Analysis Using VOSviewer
Authors: Mora Abraham , Aziz Arrizal Abdul
Published: March 2024

The objective of this study is to conduct a bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer on the research progress of the conducting polymer for wearable sensors topic. Data was extracted from the Dimensions database from 2014 to August 2023. 268 Dimensions articles were relevant to the keywords. The title and abstract from the metadata were employed to be analyzed for co-occurrence using VOSviewer. As a result, 9544 terms were obtained through the search method, but only 184 met the threshold of 10 minimum occurrences in all retrieved articles and were selected for further analysis. There was a consistent upward trend in publication numbers between 2014 to August 2023. Based on the network visualization of keyword co-occurrence, it evidenced six clusters that group all specific keywords based on the common themes. The most recent keywords (occurred between 2021 and 2022) included conductive hydrogel, polymer hydrogel, flexible sensor, MXene, strain sensor, and stretchable strain sensor. Based on this study, it is suggested to discover more about conducting and flexible hydrogel materials and the possibilities to enhance the electrical and mechanical properties of conducting polymers by introducing MXene. The materials are viewed for applications such as flexible strain sensors and other wearable sensors.
Development of Science Process Skills Assessment Instruments in Environment Based Practicum on Reaction Rate Material
Authors: Nurmala Nurmala , Sahputra Rachmad , Rasmawan Rahmat , Masriani Masriani , Melati Husna Amalya
Published: March 2024

This study aims to produce an Environmental-Based Chemistry Practicum Assessment Instrument for Reaction Rate Material for 11th Grade of MA/ SMA. The development model used in this research is the development model according to Borg and Gall which consists of 4 stages: Potential and Problems, Gathering Information, Product Design, and Design Validation. The development in this study refers to the product produced in the form of an assessment instrument. which is measured until the validity of the expert where the validity aspects are based on the results of the experts' assessment validation questionnaire. The aspects assessed in the product of the environmental-based practicum performance instrument assessment instrument are the feasibility of instructions, content feasibility and language feasibility. The assessment instrument in this content aspect is arranged sequentially according to the practicum procedure. Based on the results of validation by validators, the linguistic aspect obtained a score with a percentage of 93%, then the linguistic aspect is divided into several assessment criteria, including the use of language in accordance with EYD, clarity of instructions and directions and the language used is straightforward and easy to understand Based on the results of validation by validators, the linguistic aspect obtained a score with a percentage of 91%. The validity level of the chemistry practicum performance assessment instrument measured practicum performance in the form of scores 1-4. Determination of the validity of the practicum performance assessment instrument is done by calculating the score given by the validator and analyzing the validator's suggestions and input on the instrument product assessment questionnaire sheet in the form of a check list. The results concluded that the student practicum performance assessment instrument was feasible to use.
Description of the Ability to Arrange Assessments According Curriculum 2013 on Chemistry PPG SM3T Student
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Hairida Hairida , Rasmawan Rahmat , Sartika Rody Putra , Hadi Lukman
Published: March 2024

The curriculum 2013 experienced a shift in the assessment process, which is from the assessment of results to the assessment process. In the process of carrying out the assessment, many complaints that arise in the field including the difficulty in determining the assessment of various aspects both cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. Researchers are interested in knowing how the ability of PPG SM3T Chemistry Education’s Students as a prospective professional teacher in compiling an assessment based on curriculum 2013. The research purposes were to describe the ability of PPG SM3T Chemistry Education’s Students in compiling an assessment based on curriculum 2013. The methode of the research was descriptive with study case involved 16 students of PPG SM3T Chemistry Education in the 2018/2019 school year. The research instrument was in the form of an assessment rubric with 10 aspects of assessment, one of which contained HOTS questions. The results of the data analysis showed that the ability of PPG SM3T Chemistry Education in compiling HOTS questions was classified as less skilled with an average score 67.19% whereas when viewed from all aspects of the preparation of the assessment based on curriculum 2013 it was classified as skilled with an average score 84.89%.
Identification of Medicinal Chemicals (BKO) Piroxicam in Jamu Pegal Linu Preparations in Makassar City
Authors: Hasnaeni Hasnaeni , Handayani Selpida , Andina Velda
Published: March 2024

The aim of the research was to identify Piroxicam in herbal medicine for rheumatic pain circulating in Makassar. There are several traditional medicines that contain medicinal chemicals. Research has been conducted on the identification of medicinal chemicals (BKO) on several rheumatic herbs preparations in herbs shops in Makassar. The BKO which is often included in rheumatic herbs is the NSAID group, one of which is piroxicam. This inspection was conducted to know the presence of the chemical drug piroxicam contained within rheumatic herbs preparations and the samples used were 5 samples. The method used was a qualitative test using thin layer chromatography (TLC) consisting of a mobile phase mixed with n-hexane and acetone (7:3) and a stationary phase using Silica Gel GF254. The results of the TLC examination from 5 samples of herbal medicine added BKO piroxicam contained 3 samples including herbs A, B, and C because they had the same stain color at the same Rf value as the piroxicam. Some of the rheumatic herbs circulating in Makassar contain medicinal chemicals in the form of piroxicam.
Development of Acid-Base Titration Practicum Guide Using Natural Indicators of Butterfly Pea Flowers
Authors: Hanifa Suci Rahma , Ardiansyah Ardiansyah , Afrianis Neti , Okmarisa Heppy
Published: March 2024

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) need to be implemented to create environmentally friendly chemistry learning. This can be done in an acid-base titration experiment using natural indicators of butterfly pea flowers. This research aims to produce a practicum guide for acid-base titrations using natural indicators of butterfly pea flowers that are valid and practicum. The research design uses the ADDIE research design, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The research results showed that butterfly pea flowers can be used as a natural indicator for acid-base titrations with color changes from pink (acidic condition) to blue (basic condition). The resulting learning media is a practicum guide which has a validity of 92% (very valid) and a practicality level of 88.75% (very practical). This data was analyzed using qualitative and quantitative analysis. The practicum guide developed is valid and practical to use as a practicum learning media in schools.
Revisión bibliográfica sobre factores de riesgo en la ideación suicida asociada al trabajo
Authors: Lizarazo Pava Yina Patricia , Gómez Vargas Maricelly
Published: March 2024

El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que se propuso analizar en una muestra bibliográfica los factores de riesgo en la ideación suicida asociada al trabajo. 57 documentos se obtuvieron de Redalyc, Scielo, Dialnet, Proquest, Scopus y Google académico. Se usó el método hermenéutico y el análisis categorial. Los resultados revelaron que constantemente se niega que el espectro suicida sea consecuencia del trabajo, tendencia negacionista que desestimula la investigación del tema; ejemplo de ello son los estudios que correlacionan negativamente las demandas emocionales y el compromiso organizacional. Se identifica que al espectro suicida se le atribuyen causales exclusivamente de tipo afectivo y psicopatológico. Finalmente, se aportan elementos para implementar estrategias de bienestar laboral y se propone desarrollar futuras líneas de investigación que promuevan el aporte científico del tema.
Tecnología e infraestructura requeridas por las universidades latinoamericanas para el logro de los ODS
Authors: Álvarez-C Lorena del Carmen , Arroyo-L María del Pilar Ester , De la Rosa-Leal María Eugenia
Published: March 2024

El objetivo fue analizar las tecnologías e infraestructura en las universidades latinoamericanas para apoyar el logro de los ODS. El enfoque metodológico fue cualitativo; se recurrió a una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura y a una encuesta en la que participaron 24 universidades latinoamericanas de seis países, que fueron seleccionadas mediante un muestreo por bola de nieve. Los principales hallazgos fueron que la inversión institucional en nuevas tecnologías e infraestructura orientada al logro de los ODS es limitada y el grado de avance insuficiente. Los esfuerzos exiguos de la comunidad universitaria para fomentar directa e indirectamente el logro de los ODS también fueron evidentes. La principal conclusión es que las universidades requieren de la coordinación de sus recursos (físicos y humanos) para llegar a ser actores estratégicos para fomentar el logro de los ODS.
POLA PENDIDIKAN EKONOMI PADA KELUARGA PENGRAJIN ROTAN DEMI MEMPERTAHANKAN KEBERLANJUTAN USAHA DI DESA KARANG ASEM KECAMATAN PLUMBON KABUPATEN CIREBON
Authors: Aurel Margaretha  , Hermansyah
Published: March 2024

True education is an absolute necessity for every human being who is carried out consciously to form self-potential. This study aims at patterns of economic education in rattan craftsman families in order to maintain business continuity. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. Informants in this study were families of rattan craftsmen in Karang Asem Village, Plumbon District, Brebes Regency. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study are (1) The profile of the family of rattan craftsmen in maintaining the sustainability of this business there are two families, namely the two sons rattan home industry and the Nayafa rattan home industry, the business of the two families is growing more and more demand from factories and from consumers outside the city, (2 ) The pattern of economic education in rattan craftsman families in maintaining business continuity in Karang Asem Village, Plumbon District, Cirebon Regency 2 can be obtained three supporting patterns, namely: habituation, advice and training for independence, (3) Factors that influence patterns of economic education in rattan craftsman families In maintaining business continuity in Karang Asem Village, Plumbon District, Cirebon Regency, there are three factors, namely: discipline, honesty and obedience to the rules.
Analyzing radical visuals at scale
Authors: Hohner Julian , Kakavand Azade Esther , Rothut Sophia
Published: March 2024

Research examining radical visual communication and its manifestation on the trending platform TikTok is limited. This paper presents a novel methodological framework for studying mobilization strategies of far-right groups on TikTok, employing a mixed-method approach that combines manual annotation, unsupervised image classification, and named-entity recognition to analyze the dynamics of radical visuals at scale. Differentiating between internal and external mobilization, we use popularity and engagement cues to investigate far-right mobilization efforts on TikTok within and outside their community. Our findings shed light on the effectiveness of unsupervised image classification when utilized within a broader mixed-method framework, as each observed far-right group employs unique platform characteristics. While Conspiracists flourish in terms of overall popularity and internal mobilization, nationalist and protest content succeeds by using a variety of persuasive visual content to attract and engage external audiences. The study contributes to existing literature by bridging the gap between visual political communication at scale and radicalization research. By offering insights into mobilization strategies of far-right groups, our study provides a foundation for policymakers, researchers, and online platforms to develop proactive measures to address the risks associated with the dissemination of extremist ideologies on social media.
Kardiológiai újdonságok és szakmai irányelvek, amelyek a krónikus vesebetegeket is érinthetik
Authors: Schneider Károly
Published: March 2024

A kardiológiai útmutatásokban és szakmai irányelvekben a szív- és érrendszeri megbetegedések megelőzésére és kezelésére, a cardiovascularis érintettség típusától és súlyosságától, a szívbetegség társbetegségekkel történő változatos együttes előfordulásától függően számos stratégiai szer (ACE-gátló/ARB, ARNi, béta-blokkoló, MRA, SGLT-2-gátló) került 1A evidenciaszintű javaslattal az ajánlásokba.
Three-dimensional model of normal human dermal tissue using serial tissue sections
Authors: Liu Peng , Zhang Tao , Huang Yihui
Published: March 2024

Background: This study aims to construct a three-dimensional model of skin dermis utilizing continuous tissue sections, with the primary objective of obtaining anatomical structure data for normal human dermal tissues.

Methods: Normal skin tissue specimens were acquired, paraffin-embedded, and subjected to HE staining. Panoramic images of skin sections were captured using a microscope. Tissue section images were aligned using the SIFT and StackReg image alignment methods, with analysis conducted using the OpenCV module. Mimics17 software facilitated the reconstruction of the skin dermal 3D model, enabling the calculation of dermal porosity and the void diameter.

Results: Panoramic skin slices exhibited high-resolution differentiation of dermal fibers and cellular structures. Both SIFT and StackReg image alignment methods yielded similar results, although the SIFT method demonstrated greater robustness. Successful reconstruction of the three-dimensional dermal structure was achieved. Quantitative analysis revealed a dermal porosity of 18.96 ± 4.41% and an average pore diameter of 219.29 ± 34.27 μm. Interestingly, the porosity of the dermis exhibited a gradual increase from the papillary layer to the fourth layer, followed by a transient decrease and then a gradual increase. The distribution of the mean pore diameter mirrored the pattern observed in porosity distribution.

Conclusion: Utilizing the continuous skin tissue slice reconstruction technique, this study successfully reconstructed a high-precision three-dimensional tissue structure of the skin. The quantitative analysis of dermal tissue porosity and average pore diameter provides a standardized dataset for the development of biomimetic tissue-engineered skin.
Isoprinosine as a foot-and-mouth disease vaccine adjuvant elicits robust host defense against viral infection through immunomodulation
Authors: Kim Hyeong Won , Ko Mi-Kyeong , Shin Seokwon , Park So Hui , Park Jong-Hyeon , Kim Su-Mi , Lee Min Ja
Published: March 2024

Background

Commercial foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines have limitations, such as local side effects, periodic vaccinations, and weak host defenses. To overcome these limitations, we developed a novel FMD vaccine by combining an inactivated FMD viral antigen with the small molecule isoprinosine, which served as an adjuvant (immunomodulator).

Method

We evaluated the innate and adaptive immune responses elicited by the novel FMD vaccine involved both in vitro and in vivo using mice and pigs.

Results

We demonstrated isoprinosine-mediated early, mid-term, and long-term immunity through in vitro and in vivo studies and complete host defense against FMD virus (FMDV) infection through challenge experiments in mice and pigs. We also elucidated that isoprinosine induces innate and adaptive (cellular and humoral) immunity via promoting the expression of immunoregulatory gene such as pattern recognition receptors [PRRs; retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG)-I and toll like receptor (TLR)9], transcription factors [T-box transcription factor (TBX)21, eomesodermin (EOMES), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB)], cytokines [interleukin (IL)-12p40, IL-23p19, IL-23R, and IL-17A)], and immune cell core receptors [cluster of differentiation (CD)80, CD86, CD28, CD19, CD21, and CD81] in pigs.

Conclusion

These findings present an attractive strategy for constructing novel FMD vaccines and other difficult-to-control livestock virus vaccine formulations based on isoprinosine induced immunomodulatory functions.
Exploring the role of antioxidants in sepsis-associated oxidative stress: a comprehensive review
Authors: Sahoo Dipak Kumar , Wong David , Patani Anil , Paital Biswaranjan , Yadav Virendra Kumar , Patel Ashish , Jergens Albert E.
Published: March 2024

Sepsis is a potentially fatal condition characterized by organ dysfunction caused by an imbalanced immune response to infection. Although an increased inflammatory response significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of sepsis, several molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of sepsis are associated with increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and exhausted antioxidant pathways. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the involvement of ROS in the pathophysiology of sepsis and the potential application of antioxidants with antimicrobial properties as an adjunct to primary therapies (fluid and antibiotic therapies) against sepsis. This article delves into the advantages and disadvantages associated with the utilization of antioxidants in the therapeutic approach to sepsis, which has been explored in a variety of animal models and clinical trials. While the application of antioxidants has been suggested as a potential therapy to suppress the immune response in cases where an intensified inflammatory reaction occurs, the use of multiple antioxidant agents can be beneficial as they can act additively or synergistically on different pathways, thereby enhancing the antioxidant defense. Furthermore, the utilization of immunoadjuvant therapy, specifically in septic patients displaying immunosuppressive tendencies, represents a promising advancement in sepsis therapy.
Unveiling the antibacterial mechanism of resveratrol against Aeromonas hydrophila through proteomics analysis
Authors: Fu Yuying , Zhang Lishan , Lin Yi , Zhao Xinrui , Chen Haoyu , Zhong Yicheng , Jiang Wenjia , Wu Xiaoyun , Lin Xiangmin
Published: March 2024

This investigation delves into elucidating the mechanism by which resveratrol (Res), a natural polyterpenoid renowned for its antimicrobial properties, exerts its effects on Aeromonas hydrophila, a ubiquitous waterborne pathogen. Our findings underscore the dose-dependent manifestation of resveratrol in exhibiting antibacterial and antibiofilm formation activities against A. hydrophila. Employing a Data-independent acquisition (DIA) based quantitative proteomics methodology, we systematically compared differentially expressed proteins in A. hydrophila subjected to varying concentrations of Res. Subsequent bioinformatics analyses revealed key proteins and pathways pivotal in resveratrol’s antimicrobial action, encompassing oxidative stress, energy metabolism, and cell membrane integrity. Validation of the proteomics outcomes was meticulously conducted using the qPCR method at the mRNA level. Dynamic trend analysis unveiled alterations in biological processes, notably the correlation between the cell division-related protein ZapC and resveratrol content. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy corroborated a significant elongation of A. hydrophila cells, affirming resveratrol’s capability to inhibit cell division. In concert, resveratrol emerges as a participant in the cell membrane integrity pathway, biofilm formation, and potentially, the regulation of genes associated with cell division, resulting in morphological elongation. These revelations position resveratrol as a promising natural alternative to conventional antibiotics for treating A. hydrophila infections.
Improvements in 4th graders' task behavior after physical activity: mediation by inhibition?
Authors: Heemskerk Christina Hubertina Helena Maria , Roebers Claudia M.
Published: March 2024

Introduction

This study aimed to investigate if the acute effects of a physical activity (PA) break on the on-task and off-task classroom behavior of primary school children are mediated by inhibition. Combining arousal theory and the cognitive stimulation hypothesis, we employed a 15-min intermittent PA protocol aiming at high-intensity with cognitive demands. We were interested in the effects of PA in real-life settings and in a feasible and sustainable manner for teachers. Thus, the PA session was short and all data collection carried out in ecologically valid school and classroom environments.

Methods

Fifteen 4th grade classes were randomly assigned to the experimental group (EG; eight classes, n = 120) or waitlist control group (WCG; seven classes, n = 91). Participants were observed during normal classroom lessons for 25 min before and after the PA break (EG) or a business-as-usual lesson (WCG) and completed the Hearts and Flowers task, a task measuring primarily inhibition, once per observation block. We analyzed the effect of PA on inhibition with ANOVA and the effect on behavior and mediation effect with logistic multilevel models.

Results

The PA break positively affected inhibition with a small effect. Active off-task classroom behavior was higher at post-test in the WCG, but not the EG. Of practical importance, intercept-slope interactions indicated that those with higher levels of off-task behavior at pre-test experienced greater benefits of the PA breaks. No significant mediation of the effect of PA on task-related behaviors via inhibition was found.

Discussion

In conclusion, a time-efficient PA break can improve inhibition and off-task classroom behavior in primary school children. Although these effects occur concurrently, they appear to be independent of each other.
Triggered and maintained engagement with learning among gifted children in primary education
Authors: Snikkers-Mommer Saskia , Hoekman Johan , Mayo Aziza , Minnaert Alexander
Published: March 2024

Motivating gifted children to become and stay engaged with classroom tasks can be a huge struggle for primary education teachers. This concurrent parallel mixed method design study investigates the relative differences in the importance of the basic psychological needs between gifted children and children with an average IQ with respect to triggered and maintained engagement to learn. A total of 1,017 students (512 girls and 505 boys) from 35 schools participated in this study. The qualitative analysis showed that children identify a wide array of themes related to both the context of their learning experiences and to themselves. In addition, statistical analyses showed that while all children benefit from the fulfillment of their basic psychological needs, gifted children experience a greater need for autonomy support to become engaged in school tasks. To maintain engagement, even in the face of resistance, all children, regardless of their IQ, indicate that structure is important. Possible implications for teachers are addressed in the discussion.
English additional language undergraduate students’ engagement with the academic content in their curriculum in a South African speech-language and hearing training program
Authors: Khoza-Shangase Katijah , Kalenga Margo
Published: March 2024

Background

The emergence of the Speech-Language and Hearing (SLH) professions in South Africa took place during the era of racial segregation. Consequently, the culture and language of these professions have predominantly reflected the minority White population, even in SLH training programs. English has remained the language of learning and teaching (LOLT) in most South African tertiary institutions, with a strong Western cultural influence. Given the increasing diversity in these institutions, a mismatch between the language of instruction and that of English Additional Language (EAL) students poses academic challenges for this population, prompting the need for this study.

Aim

This study aims to investigate the learning and social experiences of EAL undergraduate students enrolled in South African SLH training programs, with a specific focus on exploring their engagement with academic content in the curriculum.

Methods

A cross-sectional online survey design was employed, and a total of 24 EAL students participated in the study. Descriptive and thematic analysis methods were utilized for data analysis.

Results

The findings revealed that EAL students encountered academic challenges primarily related to their proficiency in the LOLT, which were most pronounced in lectures and examinations, while being relatively less pronounced in assignments. Complementary use of indigenous languages, simplification of complex terminology and self-employed strategies to cope in response to the existing academic language challenges are highlighted. These findings underscore the significance of addressing pedagogical approaches, language policies, and curriculum transformation towards a more Afrocentric perspective.

Conclusion

The study highlights the academic difficulties faced by EAL students in South African SLH training programs. The implications for future interventions in this context are highlighted. The findings emphasize the need for pedagogical reforms, language policy considerations, and curriculum transformation that embraces Afrocentric perspectives. Addressing these issues is crucial to ensure equitable educational experiences and support the success of EAL students in the SLH field.
Adults with excess weight or obesity, but not with overweight, report greater pain intensities than individuals with normal weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Garcia Miguel M. , Corrales Patricia , Huerta Miguel Á. , Czachorowski Maciej J. , López-Miranda Visitación , Medina-Gómez Gema , Cobos Enrique J. , Goicoechea Carlos , Molina-Álvarez Miguel
Published: March 2024

Context

Over 1.9 billion adult people have overweight or obesity. Considered as a chronic disease itself, obesity is associated with several comorbidities. Chronic pain affects approximately 60 million people and its connection with obesity has been displayed in several studies. However, controversial results showing both lower and higher pain thresholds in subjects with obesity compared to individuals with normal weight and the different parameters used to define such association (e.g., pain severity, frequency or duration) make it hard to draw straight forward conclusions in the matter. The objective of this article is to examine the relationship between overweight and obesity (classified with BMI as recommended by WHO) and self-perceived pain intensity in adults.

Methods

A literature search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines using the databases CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PEDro, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science to identify original studies that provide BMI values and their associated pain intensity assessed by self-report scales. Self-report pain scores were normalized and pooled within meta-analyses. The Cochrane’s Q test and I2 index were used to clarify the amount of heterogeneity; meta-regression was performed to explore the relationship between each outcome and the risk of bias.

Results

Of 2194 studies, 31 eligible studies were identified and appraised, 22 of which provided data for a quantitative analysis. The results herein suggested that adults with excess weight (BMI ≥ 25.0) or obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0) but not with overweight (pre-obesity) alone (BMI 25.0–29.9), are more likely to report greater intensities of pain than individuals of normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9). Subgroup analyses regarding the pathology of the patients showed no statistically significant differences between groups. Also, influence of age in the effect size, evaluated by meta-regression, was only observed in one of the four analyses. Furthermore, the robustness of the findings was supported by two different sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion

Subjects with obesity and excess weight, but not overweight, reported greater pain intensities than individuals with normal weight. This finding encourages treatment of obesity as a component of pain management. More research is required to better understand the mechanisms of these differences and the clinical utility of the findings.

Systematic Review Registration

https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RF2G3, identifier OSF.IO/RF2G3.
Dynamic planning of edge sensing terminals in distribution network supporting distributed resources observable and controllable
Authors: Ji Xiaotong , Liu Dan , Yan Yanyu , Xiong Ping , Sun Yuce , Yang Zhiduan
Published: March 2024

With the advancement of low-carbon distribution networks, the heightened stochasticity introduced by a multitude of renewable energy sources in the power grid has significantly augmented the regulatory challenges faced by the power grid. Dispatching distributed resources emerges as an effective solution to this issue. However, these resources often lack observability and controllability, hindering their participation in power regulation services. To establish a reliable interaction between distributed resources and power grids, the deployment of numerous edge sensing terminals becomes essential, albeit incurring high costs. In light of this, our paper proposes a dynamic network planning method for edge sensing terminals based on node differentiation and resource observability criteria, aiming to facilitate real-time and dependable observation of distributed resources. Initially, the node weight, a metric to gauge the disparity among nodes, is computed, considering communication quality deviation, resource development synergy, and the distribution of distributed resources. Subsequently, an optimal configuration method is introduced, accounting for the terminal’s reliability under faults. Lastly, a method for dynamic terminal networking planning is presented, gradually reducing the depth of unobservable resources. An enhanced genetic algorithm is employed to address this challenge. This method was validated using an IEEE 33 node system and a 91 node actual system, demonstrating significant effectiveness in reducing terminal configuration costs.
Diluted bitumen weathered under warm or cold temperatures is equally toxic to freshwater fish
Authors: Gutierrez-Villagomez Juan Manuel , Lara-Jacobo Linda Ramona , Gauthier Charles , Patey Geraldine , Xin Qin , Triffault-Bouchet Gaëlle , Dettman Heather D. , Langlois Valerie S.
Published: March 2024

Canada is one of the main petroleum producers in the world. Through its oil sands exploitation, a viscous bitumen mixed with sand, water, and clay is being produced. This bitumen is so viscous that approximatively 20%–30% of diluent needs to be added to ease transportation, resulting in a mixture called diluted bitumen (dilbit). The transport of dilbit through North America comes with a potential risk for oil spills in freshwater ecosystems at any time of the year. In this study, a mesoscale spill tank was used to study dilbit spills in freshwater to understand the effect of cold (winter-like) vs. warmer (spring- and fall-like) water temperatures on its natural weathering and their toxicity to fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) embryos. Water samples were collected weekly during two consecutive 35-day experiments ran at either 2 or 15 °C. Each week, fish larvae were exposed for 7 days, and water analysis was performed. Chemical analysis showed that the volatile organic compound, total organic carbon, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations decreased in both experiments with time, while fish larvae exposed to both temperature settings yielded increased abnormalities, EROD activity, CYP1A, and glutathione S-transferase mRNA expression levels, and decreased heart rate. Importantly, there were no major differences between the temperature regimes on dilbit weathering, highlighting that if a spill occurs in colder waters, it would be equally toxic to organisms. This work provides new data on the potential risk of oil spill for use during response planning and modelling.
Exploring the relationships between different dimensions of digital transformation and corporate greenization: evidence from listed companies in China
Authors: Xie Xiaoqing , Qi Yu
Published: March 2024

In recent years, there has been an increasing recognition of the importance of the coordinated development of digitalization and greenization. However, the existing research lacks a systematic framework for understanding the relationship between different dimensions of digital transformation and various strategies of green innovation. Furthermore, the role of different types of slack resources in this relationship has been largely overlooked. This paper aims to address these gaps by examining the impact of digital transformation on corporate greenization and the moderating role of organizational slack from a heterogeneity perspective. To achieve this, we differentiate digital transformation into two dimensions: breadth and depth. Similarly, corporate greenization is divided into input and output. Additionally, we distinguish between absorbed and unabsorbed slack resources. We empirically test our research hypotheses using data from Chinese A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2020. Our findings reveal the following insights: 1) The breadth and depth of digital transformation positively influence corporate greenization outputs, while negatively affecting greenization inputs. 2) The depth of digital transformation has a stronger impact on both greenization input and output compared to its breadth. 3) Absorbed slack resources and unabsorbed slack resources not only act as negative moderators in the relationship between digital transformation and greenization inputs but also weaken the positive impact of digital transformation on greenization outputs. 4) Absorbed slack resources exhibit a stronger moderating effect than unabsorbed slack resources. This paper contributes to the literature by shedding light on the differential effects of different dimensions of digital transformation on various types of greenization, considering the role of slack resources. Moreover, it provides practical implications for effectively advancing digitalization and greenization in Chinese enterprises.
Watershed analysis of urban stormwater contaminant 6PPD-Quinone hotspots and stream concentrations using a process-based ecohydrological model
Authors: Halama Jonathan J. , McKane Robert B. , Barnhart Bradley L. , Pettus Paul P. , Brookes Allen F. , Adams Angela K. , Gockel Catherine K. , Djang Kevin S. , Phan Vivian , Chokshi Sonali M. , Graham James J. , Tian Zhenyu , Peter Katherine T. , Kolodziej Edward P.
Published: March 2024

Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) are highly sensitive to 6PPD-Quinone (6PPD-Q). Details of the hydrological and biogeochemical processes controlling spatial and temporal dynamics of 6PPD-Q fate and transport from points of deposition to receiving waters (e.g., streams, estuaries) are poorly understood. To understand the fate and transport of 6PPD and mechanisms leading to salmon mortality Visualizing Ecosystem Land Management Assessments (VELMA), an ecohydrological model developed by US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), was enhanced to better understand and inform stormwater management planning by municipal, state, and federal partners seeking to reduce stormwater contaminant loads in urban streams draining to the Puget Sound National Estuary. This work focuses on the 5.5 km2 Longfellow Creek upper watershed (Seattle, Washington, United States), which has long exhibited high rates of acute urban runoff mortality syndrome in coho salmon. We present VELMA model results to elucidate these processes for the Longfellow Creek watershed across multiple scales–from 5-m grid cells to the entire watershed. Our results highlight hydrological and biogeochemical controls on 6PPD-Q flow paths, and hotspots within the watershed and its stormwater infrastructure, that ultimately impact contaminant transport to Longfellow Creek and Puget Sound. Simulated daily average 6PPD-Q and available observed 6PPD-Q peak in-stream grab sample concentrations (ng/L) corresponds within plus or minus 10 ng/L. Most importantly, VELMA’s high-resolution spatial and temporal analysis of 6PPD-Q hotspots provides a tool for prioritizing the locations, amounts, and types of green infrastructure that can most effectively reduce 6PPD-Q stream concentrations to levels protective of coho salmon and other aquatic species.
Epigenetic editing for autosomal dominant neurological disorders
Authors: Waldo Jennifer J. , Halmai Julian A. N. M. , Fink Kyle D.
Published: March 2024

Epigenetics refers to the molecules and mechanisms that modify gene expression states without changing the nucleotide context. These modifications are what encode the cell state during differentiation or epigenetic memory in mitosis. Epigenetic modifications can alter gene expression by changing the chromatin architecture by altering the affinity for DNA to wrap around histone octamers, forming nucleosomes. The higher affinity the DNA has for the histones, the tighter it will wrap and therefore induce a heterochromatin state, silencing gene expression. Several groups have shown the ability to harness the cell’s natural epigenetic modification pathways to engineer proteins that can induce changes in epigenetics and consequently regulate gene expression. Therefore, epigenetic modification can be used to target and treat disorders through the modification of endogenous gene expression. The use of epigenetic modifications may prove an effective path towards regulating gene expression to potentially correct or cure genetic disorders.
Long read sequencing on its way to the routine diagnostics of genetic diseases
Authors: Olivucci Giulia , Iovino Emanuela , Innella Giovanni , Turchetti Daniela , Pippucci Tommaso , Magini Pamela
Published: March 2024

The clinical application of technological progress in the identification of DNA alterations has always led to improvements of diagnostic yields in genetic medicine. At chromosome side, from cytogenetic techniques evaluating number and gross structural defects to genomic microarrays detecting cryptic copy number variants, and at molecular level, from Sanger method studying the nucleotide sequence of single genes to the high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, resolution and sensitivity progressively increased expanding considerably the range of detectable DNA anomalies and alongside of Mendelian disorders with known genetic causes. However, particular genomic regions (i.e., repetitive and GC-rich sequences) are inefficiently analyzed by standard genetic tests, still relying on laborious, time-consuming and low-sensitive approaches (i.e., southern-blot for repeat expansion or long-PCR for genes with highly homologous pseudogenes), accounting for at least part of the patients with undiagnosed genetic disorders. Third generation sequencing, generating long reads with improved mappability, is more suitable for the detection of structural alterations and defects in hardly accessible genomic regions. Although recently implemented and not yet clinically available, long read sequencing (LRS) technologies have already shown their potential in genetic medicine research that might greatly impact on diagnostic yield and reporting times, through their translation to clinical settings. The main investigated LRS application concerns the identification of structural variants and repeat expansions, probably because techniques for their detection have not evolved as rapidly as those dedicated to single nucleotide variants (SNV) identification: gold standard analyses are karyotyping and microarrays for balanced and unbalanced chromosome rearrangements, respectively, and southern blot and repeat-primed PCR for the amplification and sizing of expanded alleles, impaired by limited resolution and sensitivity that have not been significantly improved by the advent of NGS. Nevertheless, more recently, with the increased accuracy provided by the latest product releases, LRS has been tested also for SNV detection, especially in genes with highly homologous pseudogenes and for haplotype reconstruction to assess the parental origin of alleles with de novo pathogenic variants. We provide a review of relevant recent scientific papers exploring LRS potential in the diagnosis of genetic diseases and its potential future applications in routine genetic testing.
Unraveling the intricacies of glioblastoma progression and recurrence: insights into the role of NFYB and oxidative phosphorylation at the single-cell level
Authors: Liu Pulin , Xing Naifei , Xiahou Zhikai , Yan Jingwei , Lin Zhiheng , Zhang Junlong
Published: March 2024

Background

Glioblastoma (GBM), with its high recurrence and mortality rates, makes it the deadliest neurological malignancy. Oxidative phosphorylation is a highly active cellular pathway in GBM, and NFYB is a tumor-associated transcription factor. Both are related to mitochondrial function, but studies on their relationship with GBM at the single-cell level are still scarce.

Methods

We re-analyzed the single-cell profiles of GBM from patients with different subtypes by single-cell transcriptomic analysis and further subdivided the large population of Glioma cells into different subpopulations, explored the interrelationships and active pathways among cell stages and clinical subtypes of the populations, and investigated the relationship between the transcription factor NFYB of the key subpopulations and GBM, searching for the prognostic genes of GBM related to NFYB, and verified by experiments.

Results

Glioma cells and their C5 subpopulation had the highest percentage of G2M staging and rGBM, which we hypothesized might be related to the higher dividing and proliferating ability of both Glioma and C5 subpopulations. Oxidative phosphorylation pathway activity is elevated in both the Glioma and C5 subgroup, and NFYB is a key transcription factor for the C5 subgroup, suggesting its possible involvement in GBM proliferation and recurrence, and its close association with mitochondrial function. We also identified 13 prognostic genes associated with NFYB, of which MEM60 may cause GBM patients to have a poor prognosis by promoting GBM proliferation and drug resistance. Knockdown of the NFYB was found to contribute to the inhibition of proliferation, invasion, and migration of GBM cells.

Conclusion

These findings help to elucidate the key mechanisms of mitochondrial function in GBM progression and recurrence, and to establish a new prognostic model and therapeutic target based on NFYB.
Seabirds from the poles: microplastics pollution sentinels
Authors: Taurozzi Davide , Scalici Massimiliano
Published: March 2024

The Arctic and Antarctica represent two of the most inhospitable and poorly investigated biomes in the world. Although polar regions are still perceived as some of the most pristine places still in existence, these remote places are no longer immune to anthropogenic pollution, in particular, micro- and nanoplastics. Seabirds, avian species feeding mainly at sea, are indicators of change in the environment and represent an early study group of ecological indicators for plastic pollution. The goal of this bibliometric overview is to evaluate international research trends on the impacts of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) on seabirds inhabiting polar regions. A total of at least 13 seabird species were reported to have ingested MPs from 1983–2023. Overall, 1130 samples were investigated, including stomach content, pouch content, guano, and pellets. Pellets were the most investigated substrate (699), followed by stomach contents (309), guano (101), and pouch contents (21). A median of 31.5 MPs per sample was found in the Arctic, with an average of 7.2 MPs per sample. A median of 35 MPs per sample was found in Antarctica, with an average of 1.1 MPs per sample. Overall, MPs were most frequently found in fragment form. A total of 3526 MPs were retrieved from stomachs (3013), pellets (398), guano (75), and pouch contents (40). Polyethylene was the dominant plastic polymer found, followed by polypropylene and polystyrene. The monitoring of MP ingestion is crucial to mitigating the impacts on marine and terrestrial organisms. Standardized protocols could boost the safeguarding of seabirds and reduce the impacts of MPs on polar regions.
Understanding piezocatalysis, pyrocatalysis and ferrocatalysis
Authors: Domingo Neus
Published: March 2024

The last decade has witnessed the emergence of the application of piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials for catalytic and photocatalytic applications that harness light, thermal and mechanical energy into chemical reactions. This article surveys the different concepts of pyro- and piezocatalysis and differences with respect to ferrocatalysis and switchable catalysis and delves into the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying piezocatalysis. The outlook for advancing in the surface science studies required for the design of new and better catalysts based on polar electromechanically active materials is discussed in the context of the state of the art experimental studies and potential future nanoscience developments.