bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Plasma Heating Processes in a Coronal Mass Ejection–driven Shock Sheath Region Observed with the Metis Coronagraph
Authors: Frassati Federica , Bemporad Alessandro , Mancuso Salvatore , Giordano Silvio , Andretta Vincenzo , Burtovoi Aleksandr , Da Deppo Vania , De Leo Yara , Fineschi Silvano , Grimani Catia , Guglielmino Salvo , Heinzel Petr , Jerse Giovanna , Landini Federico , Liberatore Alessandro , Naletto Giampiero , Nicolini Gianalfredo , Pancrazzi Maurizio , Romano Paolo , Romoli Marco , Russano Giuliana , Sasso Clementina , Spadaro Daniele , Stangalini Marco , Susino Roberto , Teriaca Luca , Uslenghi Michela , Zangrilli Luca
Published: March 2024

On 2021 September 28, a C1.6 class flare occurred in active region NOAA 12871, located approximately at 27°S and 51°W on the solar disk with respect to Earth’s point of view. This event was followed by a partial halo coronal mass ejection (CME) that caused the deflection of preexisting coronal streamer structures, as observed in visible-light coronagraphic images. An associated type II radio burst was also detected by both space- and ground-based instruments, indicating the presence of a coronal shock propagating into interplanetary space. By using H i Lyα (121.6 nm) observations from the Metis coronagraph on board the Solar Orbiter mission, we demonstrate for the first time the capability of UV imaging to provide, via a Doppler dimming technique, an upper limit estimate of the evolution of the 2D proton kinetic temperature in the CME-driven shock sheath as it passes through the field of view of the instrument. Our results suggest that over the 22 minutes of observations, the shock propagated with a speed decreasing from about 740 ± 110 km s−1 to 400 ± 60 km s−1. At the same time, the postshock proton temperatures peaked at latitudes around the shock nose and decreased with time from about 6.8 ± 1.01 MK to 3.1 ± 0.47 MK. The application of the Rankine–Hugoniot jump conditions demonstrates that these temperatures are higher by a factor of about 2–5 than those expected from simple adiabatic compression, implying that significant shock heating is still going on at these distances.
Intermittency and Dissipative Structures Arising from Relativistic Magnetized Turbulence
Authors: Davis Zachary , Comisso Luca , Giannios Dimitrios
Published: March 2024

Kinetic simulations of relativistic turbulence have significantly advanced our understanding of turbulent particle acceleration. Recent progress has highlighted the need for an updated acceleration theory that can account for particle acceleration within the plasma’s coherent structures. Here, we investigate how intermittency modeling connects statistical fluctuations in turbulence to regions of high-energy dissipation. This connection is established by employing a generalized She–Leveque model to characterize the exponents ζ

p
for the structure functions

S

p

∝

l

ζ

p

. The fitting of the scaling exponents provides us with a measure of the codimension of the dissipative structures, for which we subsequently determine the filling fraction. We perform our analysis for a range of magnetizations σ and relative fluctuation amplitudes δ
B
0/B
0. We find that increasing values of σ and δ
B
0/B
0 allow the turbulent cascade to break sheetlike structures into smaller regions of dissipation that resemble chains of flux ropes. However, as their dissipation measure increases, the dissipative regions become less volume filling. With this work, we aim to inform future turbulent acceleration theories that incorporate particle energization from interactions with coherent structures within relativistic turbulence.
Preparation and characterization of vemurafenib microemulsion based hydrogel using surface active ionic liquid
Authors: Neamah Mohammed Jasim , Al-Akkam Entidhar Jasim Muhammed
Published: March 2024

Cancer is considered the second leading cause of death worldwide. Skin melanomas account for the highest mortality rate amongst all types of skin cancer. Systemic treatment with vemurafenib has a high rate of adverse effects, so attempts have been made to prepare a topical form of this drug. Microemulsions have been used to improve drug delivery to the skin. The microemulsions were prepared by dissolving vemurafenib in a mixture of peppermint oil and Smix, followed by the addition of water. The characteristics and effectiveness of surface-active ionic liquid-based vemurafenib microemulsions were characterised and evaluated in vitro. The vemurafenib microemulsions (CP5, CP7 and CP8) had droplet sizes in the microemulsion range (less than 200 nm), and they were used to prepare microemulsion-based hydrogels using HPMC K15M via the hot and cold method. The prepared microemulsion-based hydrogels were then evaluated. The microemulsion-based hydrogel GP5 exhibited higher skin deposition (45.4%) than the other hydrogels; thus, GP5 is a promising candidate for the topical treatment of melanoma by vemurafenib.
Nanostructured lipid carriers: A prospective dermal drug delivery system for natural active ingredients
Authors: Fitriani Endang Wahyu , Avanti Christina , Rosana Yeva , Surini Silvia
Published: March 2024

Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are versatile tools used for several purposes, including drug release modification, adhesion to the skin, film-forming ability followed by hydration of the superficial layers of the skin, as well as high penetration with permeation into and across deeper skin layers. During the formulation of active ingredients sourced from nature into dosage forms, NLCs play a crucial role in overcoming challenges associated with the process. These challenges include poor solubility and skin permeability, sensitivity to light, heat, and oxygen, leading to degraded quality, reduced potency, and probable risks of skin irritation or allergic reactions. Therefore, this review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of NLCs as effective delivery system through the skin for natural active ingredients. The extensive discussion covers the advantages and disadvantages of a dermal delivery system for these ingredients, focusing on various types, lipids, and surfactants used in the formulation, preparation, and characterization process. Additionally, the recent developments in NLCs technology are explored. The result showed that NLCs would advance into a more efficient, precise, and safe system to transport natural active ingredients dermally.
Taxonomic notes on the genus Itea (Iteaceae)
Authors: Song Zhu-Qiu , Zhang Bu-Yun
Published: March 2024

The genus Itea (Iteaceae) is recognised as a genus with about 21 extant species of shrubs and trees. Within the genus, most species have oblong to elliptical leaves. The lanceolate and obolanceolate leaves are only found in three species, vix Itea amoena Chun, Itea riparia Collett & Hemsl. and Itea tenuinervia S. Y. Liu. The results of our examination of literature, specimens and living plants in the wild have shown that Itea tenuinervia is conspecific with Itea riparia and is here reduced to a synonym of the latter species. The morphological description, colour pictures, voucher specimens, distribution map of Itea riparia and its related Itea amoena, together with the morphological comparisons between the two species, are provided in this study.
Fixed point results for $ P $-contractive mappings on $ M $-metric space and application
Authors: Taș Maide Gökșin , Türkoğlu Duran , Altun Ishak
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we elucidate a pivotal fixed point theorem for $ P $-contraction mappings defined on $ M $-metric spaces, offering a novel perspective on the interplay between mappings and the underlying space structure. This theorem's significance becomes evident when compared with earlier results, underscoring its potential to enhance our understanding of fixed point theory in $ M $-metric spaces and its broader applications.
New soft rough approximations via ideals and its applications
Authors: Alharbi Rehab , Abbas S. E. , El-Sanowsy E. , Khiamy H. M. , Aldwoah K. A. , Ibedou Ismail
Published: March 2024

Theories of soft sets and rough sets are two different approaches to analyzing vagueness. A possible fusion of rough sets and soft sets was proposed in 2011. At this time the concept of soft rough sets was introduced, where parametrized subsets of a universal set are basic building blocks for lower and upper approximations of a subset. The main purpose of soft rough sets is to reduce the soft boundary region by increasing the lower approximation and decreasing the upper approximation. In this paper, we present two new approaches for soft rough sets that is related to the notion of ideals. The main characteristics of these recent approaches are explained and interpreted through the use of suitable propositions and examples. These recent approaches satisfy most of the conditions of well known properties of Pawlak's model. Comparisons between our methods and previous ones are introduced. In addition, we prove that our approaches produce a smaller boundary region and greater value of accuracy than the corresponding defined definitions. Furthermore, two new styles of approximation spaces related to two distinct ideals, called soft bi-ideal approximation spaces, are introduced and studied. Analysis of the fulfilled and the non-fulfilled properties is presented, and many examples to ensure and explain the advantages and the disadvantages between our styles and the previous ones are provided.
A EDUCAÇÃO MIDIÁTICA E BNCC: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA SOBRE SEUS IMPACTOS.
Authors: Gonzaga da Silva Danielle , Braga de Castro Juscileide , Aires de Castro Filho José
Published: March 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) que apresenta um compilado de pesquisas teóricas e empíricas sobre as contribuições que a Educação Midiática pode oferecer na formação integral dos estudantes, tomando como documento norteador a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Para a busca da bibliografia foram utilizados trabalhos escritos em língua portuguesa e publicados em periódicos no período de 2017, ano de implementação da BNCC, até 2022. A presente pesquisa torna-se relevante por apresentar dados recentes sobre a Educação Midiática e seu impacto dentro do ambiente escolar, que irá permitir ao aluno o desenvolvimento de habilidades como acessar, analisar, criar a participar de maneira reflexiva e crítica do ambiente informacional e midiático.
ROTEIRO DE LEITURA E A PROMOÇÃO DE NOVOS CAMINHOS PARA A ALFABETIZAÇÃO E LETRAMENTO NO SEGUNDO ANO DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: De Souza Pinto Arlete , Antunes Jéssica Maís , Kunz Marinês Andrea , Lorenz Martins Rosemari
Published: March 2024

Este trabalho tem como tema as contribuições da aplicação de roteiros de leitura de textos literários, para o processo de alfabetização de crianças de uma turma do 2º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Desta forma, tem como objetivo geral, avaliar as contribuições de atividades de leitura de textos literários para o processo de alfabetização de alunos de 2º ano. Metodologicamente, realizou-se um estudo exploratório, de natureza qualitativa, com a realização de uma breve pesquisa bibliográfica, com o uso de uma pesquisa-ação. O aporte teórico utilizado na pesquisa baseou-se nos estudos sobre letramento de Soares (2004), por fim, os roteiros de leitura foram realizados com base nos estudos de Saraiva e Mügge (2006). Como resultado, verificou-se que roteiros de leitura são eficazes, pois os participantes concluíram o ano plenamente alfabetizados, redigindo textos mais estruturados e complexos.
O ENSINO DE INGLÊS INSTRUMENTAL À LUZ DOS DADOS DE TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES: RECORTE TEMPORAL DE 2012 - 2022
Authors: De Almeida Caldas Marcos Ruben , Reis da Silva Vera Lúcia
Published: March 2024

A presente revisão sistemática do tipo Estado do Conhecimento teve por objetivo o levantamento bibliográfico na temática Inglês Instrumental. Para tanto, realizou-se a pesquisa na base de dados da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações – BDTD no corte temporal de 2012 a 2022. Os trabalhos encontrados foram revisados pelo critério de inclusão, que estabelecia a exigência de relação com o tema do levantamento, e de exclusão, onde os resultados repetidos e não alinhados com a temática não foram considerados para a análise posterior. Por meio da leitura flutuante dos resumos e sessões metodológicas, observou-se os desenhos das metodologias para a compreensão do contexto em que ocorreram as investigações descritas nos trabalhos. Após consideração das informações obtidas, as pesquisas foram classificadas e discutidas por categorias. Os resultados evidenciaram a preocupação com a relação de ensino-aprendizagem no processo de globalização da sociedade digital, onde o resgate da identidade cultural do aprendiz de idiomas e a formação docente no processo de internacionalização é a temática em evidência na produção acadêmica nos últimos dez anos.
Pulmonary edema in a young male with severe uncontrolled cardiovascular risk factors and pan-vascular atherosclerosis: a case report
Authors: Palomba Andrea , Pelizzo Francesco , Canevari Mattia , Vriz Olga
Published: March 2024

Cardiovascular risk factors are the cause of atherosclerotic disease, which can involve all the elastic and muscolo-elastic arteries. The etiopathogenesis of atherosclerosis is multifactorial since genetics, lifestyle, and comorbidities can be simultaneously involved. Clinical manifestations can be heterogeneous and include myocardial infarction, stroke, aortic aneurysms, renal artery stenosis, renal insufficiency, peripheral artery disease, etc. Currently, 70% of clinical events cannot be prevented with available drug therapy, statins included, and at least 10% of coronary events occur in apparently healthy individuals in the absence of major traditional risk factors. The case of a young male with a history of coronary artery disease and multiple atherosclerotic risk factors not properly treated who was admitted to the emergency department for pulmonary edema and high blood pressure is presented. During the diagnostic workup, a dramatic atherosclerotic involvement of all arterial trees emerged. Moreover, the patient presented with thrombosis of the right subclavian artery, which was treated with a heparin infusion and later complicated by cerebral hemorrhage with residual hemiplegia.
Abnormal extremals in the sub-Riemannian problem for a general model of a robot with a trailer
Authors: Ardentov Andrei Andreevich , Artemova Elizaveta Markovna
Published: March 2024

A symmetric mathematical model of a wheeled robot with a trailer is considered for various types of coupling between the robot and the trailer. It is shown that for fixed coupling parameters and fixed initial position of the robot with trailer there are two symmetric abnormal extremals. In motion along these trajectories the robot and the trailer traverse normal extremal trajectories for the sub-Riemannian problem on the group of motions of the plane; the coupling point always draws an inflectional elastica or a straight line.
Bibliography: 33 titles.
Generic extensions of ergodic systems
Authors: Ryzhikov Valerii Valentinovich
Published: March 2024

The paper is devoted to problems concerning the generic properties of extensions of dynamical systems with invariant measures. It is proved that generic extensions preserve the singularity of the spectrum, the mixing property and some other asymptotic properties. It is discovered that the preservation of algebraic properties generally depends on statistical properties of the base. It is established that the $P$-entropy of a generic extension is infinite. This fact yields a new proof of the result due to Weiss, Glasner, Austin and Thouvenot on the nondominance of deterministic actions. Generic measurable families of automorphisms of a probability space are considered. It is shown that the asymptotic behaviour of representatives of a generic family is characterized by a combination of dynamic conformism and dynamic individualism.
Bibliography: 15 titles.
Ubiquitin-specific protease 21 promotes tumorigenicity and stemness of colorectal cancer by deubiquitinating and stabilizing ZEB1
Authors: Lin Jun-Jun , Lu Ye-Cai
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one very usual tumor together with higher death rate. Ubiquitin-specific protease 21 (USP21) has been confirmed to take part into the regulation of CRC progression through serving as a facilitator. Interestingly, the promotive function of USP21 has also discovered in the progression of CRC. ZEB1 has illustrated to be modulated by USP7, USP22 and USP51 in cancers. However, the regulatory functions of USP21 on ZEB1 in CRC progression need more investigations.

AIM

To investigate the relationship between USP21 and ZEB1 in CRC progression.

METHODS

The mRNA and protein expressions were assessed through RT-qPCR, western blot and IHC assay. The interaction between USP21 and ZEB1 was evaluated through Co-IP and GST pull down assays. The cell proliferation was detected through colony formation assay. The cell migration and invasion abilities were determined through Transwell assay. The stemness was tested through sphere formation assay. The tumor growth was evaluated through in vivo mice assay.

RESULTS

In this work, USP21 and ZEB1 exhibited higher expression in CRC, and resulted into poor prognosis. Moreover, the interaction between USP21 and ZEB1 was further investigated. It was demonstrated that USP21 contributed to the stability of ZEB1 through modulating ubiquitination level. In addition, USP21 strengthened cell proliferation, migration and stemness through regulating ZEB1. At last, through in vivo assays, it was illustrated that USP21/ZEB1 axis aggravated tumor growth.

CONCLUSION

For the first time, these above findings manifested that USP21 promoted tumorigenicity and stemness of CRC by deubiquitinating and stabilizing ZEB1. This discovery suggested that USP21/ZEB1 axis may provide novel sights for the treatment of CRC.
Synchronous gastric and colon cancers: Important to consider hereditary syndromes and chronic inflammatory disease associations
Authors: Shenoy Santosh
Published: March 2024

In this editorial we comment on the manuscript, describing management and surveillance strategies in synchronous and metachronous, gastric and colon cancers. Synchronous or metachronous primary malignancies at different sites of the gastrointestinal tract pose a unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Multidisciplinary services and strategies are required for the management of multiple site primary malignancies, to provide the best oncological outcomes. Although this study highlights the dual cancers in 76 sporadic cases, the authors excluded 55 patients due to combination of factors which includes; incomplete clinical data, genetic syndrome, gastric stump cancers. In addition, the authors did not elaborate if any patients presented with signet ring cell morphology, E-cadherin mutations or presence of inflammatory bowel disease. Genetic and mutational errors and epithelial field defects from chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are important when considering synchronous gastric and colonic cancers. We will briefly discuss these in this editorial.
Clinical profile and outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma in primary Budd-Chiari syndrome
Authors: Agarwal Ankit , Biswas Sagnik , Swaroop Shekhar , Aggarwal Arnav , Agarwal Ayush , Jain Gautam , Elhence Anshuman , Vaidya Arun , Gupte Amit , Mohanka Ravi , Kumar Ramesh , Mishra Ashwani Kumar , Gamanagatti Shivanand , Paul Shashi Bala , Acharya Subrat Kumar , Shukla Akash , Shalimar Shalimar
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

There is scant literature on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS).

AIM

To assess the magnitude, clinical characteristics, feasibility, and outcomes of treatment in BCS-HCC.

METHODS

A total of 904 BCS patients from New Delhi, India and 1140 from Mumbai, India were included. The prevalence and incidence of HCC were determined, and among patients with BCS-HCC, the viability and outcomes of interventional therapy were evaluated.

RESULTS

In the New Delhi cohort of 35 BCS-HCC patients, 18 had HCC at index presentation (prevalence 1.99%), and 17 developed HCC over a follow-up of 4601 person-years, [incidence 0.36 (0.22-0.57) per 100 person-years]. BCS-HCC patients were older when compared to patients with BCS alone (P = 0.001) and had a higher proportion of inferior vena cava block, cirrhosis, and long-segment vascular obstruction. The median alpha-fetoprotein level was higher in patients with BCS-HCC at first presentation than those who developed HCC at follow-up (13029 ng/mL vs 500 ng/mL, P = 0.01). Of the 35 BCS-HCC, 26 (74.3%) underwent radiological interventions for BCS, and 22 (62.8%) patients underwent treatment for HCC [transarterial chemoembolization in 18 (81.8%), oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor in 3 (13.6%), and transarterial radioembolization in 1 (4.5%)]. The median survival among patients who underwent interventions for HCC compared with those who did not was 3.5 years vs 3.1 mo (P = 0.0001). In contrast to the New Delhi cohort, the Mumbai cohort of BCS-HCC patients were predominantly males, presented with a more advanced HCC [Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer C and D], and 2 patients underwent liver transplantation.

CONCLUSION

HCC is not uncommon in patients with BCS. Radiological interventions and liver transplantation are feasible in select primary BCS-HCC patients and may improve outcomes.
Combining systemic inflammatory response index and albumin fibrinogen ratio to predict early serious complications and prognosis after resectable gastric cancer
Authors: Ren Jing-Yao , Wang Da , Zhu Li-Hui , Liu Shuo , Yu Miao , Cai Hui
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastric cancer has a high incidence and fatality rate, and surgery is the preferred course of treatment. Nonetheless, patient survival rates are still low, and the incidence of major postoperative complications cannot be disregarded. The systemic inflammatory response, nutritional level, and coagulation status are key factors affecting the postoperative recovery and prognosis of gastric cancer patients. The systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and the albumin fibrinogen ratio (AFR) are two valuable comprehensive indicators of the severity and prognosis of systemic inflammation in various medical conditions.

AIM

To assess the clinical importance and prognostic significance of the SIRI scores and the AFR on early postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinicopathological characteristics and relevant laboratory indices of 568 gastric cancer patients from January 2018 to December 2019. We calculated and compared two indicators of inflammation and then examined the diagnostic ability of combined SIRI and AFR values for serious early postoperative complications. We scored the patients and categorized them into three groups based on their SIRI and AFR levels. COX analysis was used to compare the three groups of patients the prognostic value of various preoperative SIRI-AFR scores for 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).

RESULTS

SIRI-AFR scores were an independent risk factor for prognosis [OS: P = 0.004; hazards ratio (HR) = 3.134; DFS: P < 0.001; HR = 3.543] and had the highest diagnostic power (area under the curve: 0.779; 95% confidence interval: 0.737-0.820) for early serious complications in patients with gastric cancer. The tumor-node-metastasis stage (P = 0.001), perioperative transfusion (P = 0.044), positive carcinoembryonic antigen (P = 0.014) findings, and major postoperative complications (P = 0.011) were factors associated with prognosis.

CONCLUSION

Preoperative SIRI and AFR values were significantly associated with early postoperative survival and the occurrence of severe complications in gastric cancer patients.
Study on sex differences and potential clinical value of three-dimensional computerized tomography pelvimetry in rectal cancer patients
Authors: Zhou Xiao-Cong , Ke Fei-Yue , Dhamija Gaurav , Chen Hao , Wang Qiang
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Laparoscopic rectal cancer radical surgery is a complex procedure affected by various factors. However, the existing literature lacks standardized parameters for the pelvic region and soft tissues, which hampers the establishment of consistent conclusions.

AIM

To comprehensively assess 16 pelvic and 7 soft tissue parameters through computerized tomography (CT)-based three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, providing a strong theoretical basis to address challenges in laparoscopic rectal cancer radical surgery.

METHODS

We analyzed data from 218 patients who underwent radical laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer, and utilized CT data for 3D pelvic reconstruction. Specific anatomical points were carefully marked and measured using advanced 3D modeling software. To analyze the pelvic and soft tissue parameters, we employed statistical methods including paired sample t -tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and correlation analysis.

RESULTS

The investigation highlighted significant sex disparities in 14 pelvic bone parameters and 3 soft tissue parameters. Males demonstrated larger measurements in pelvic depth and overall curvature, smaller measurements in pelvic width, a larger mesorectal fat area, and a larger anterior-posterior abdominal diameter. By contrast, females exhibited wider pelvises, shallower depth, smaller overall curvature, and an increased amount of subcutaneous fat tissue. However, there were no significant sex differences observed in certain parameters such as sacral curvature height, superior pubococcygeal diameter, rectal area, visceral fat area, waist circumference, and transverse abdominal diameter.

CONCLUSION

The reconstruction of 3D CT data enabled accurate pelvic measurements, revealing significant sex differences in both pelvic and soft tissue parameters. This study design offer potential in predicting surgical difficulties and creating personalized surgical plans for male rectal cancer patients with a potentially “difficult pelvis”, ultimately improving surgical outcomes. Further research and utilization of these parameters could lead to enhanced surgical methods and patient care in laparoscopic rectal cancer radical surgery.
T2-weighted imaging-based radiomic-clinical machine learning model for predicting the differentiation of colorectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zheng Hui-Da , Huang Qiao-Yi , Huang Qi-Ming , Ke Xiao-Ting , Ye Kai , Lin Shu , Xu Jian-Hua
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

The study on predicting the differentiation grade of colorectal cancer (CRC) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has not been reported yet. Developing a non-invasive model to predict the differentiation grade of CRC is of great value.

AIM

To develop and validate machine learning-based models for predicting the differentiation grade of CRC based on T2-weighted images (T2WI).

METHODS

We retrospectively collected the preoperative imaging and clinical data of 315 patients with CRC who underwent surgery from March 2018 to July 2023. Patients were randomly assigned to a training cohort (n = 220) or a validation cohort (n = 95) at a 7:3 ratio. Lesions were delineated layer by layer on high-resolution T2WI. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was applied to screen for radiomic features. Radiomics and clinical models were constructed using the multilayer perceptron (MLP) algorithm. These radiomic features and clinically relevant variables (selected based on a significance level of P < 0.05 in the training set) were used to construct radiomics-clinical models. The performance of the three models (clinical, radiomic, and radiomic-clinical model) were evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA).

RESULTS

After feature selection, eight radiomic features were retained from the initial 1781 features to construct the radiomic model. Eight different classifiers, including logistic regression, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbours, random forest, extreme trees, extreme gradient boosting, light gradient boosting machine, and MLP, were used to construct the model, with MLP demonstrating the best diagnostic performance. The AUC of the radiomic-clinical model was 0.862 (95%CI: 0.796-0.927) in the training cohort and 0.761 (95%CI: 0.635-0.887) in the validation cohort. The AUC for the radiomic model was 0.796 (95%CI: 0.723-0.869) in the training cohort and 0.735 (95%CI: 0.604-0.866) in the validation cohort. The clinical model achieved an AUC of 0.751 (95%CI: 0.661-0.842) in the training cohort and 0.676 (95%CI: 0.525-0.827) in the validation cohort. All three models demonstrated good accuracy. In the training cohort, the AUC of the radiomic-clinical model was significantly greater than that of the clinical model (P = 0.005) and the radiomic model (P = 0.016). DCA confirmed the clinical practicality of incorporating radiomic features into the diagnostic process.

CONCLUSION

In this study, we successfully developed and validated a T2WI-based machine learning model as an auxiliary tool for the preoperative differentiation between well/moderately and poorly differentiated CRC. This novel approach may assist clinicians in personalizing treatment strategies for patients and improving treatment efficacy.
Identification of breath volatile organic compounds to distinguish pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cystic neoplasm, and patients without pancreatic lesions
Authors: Tiankanon Kasenee , Pungpipattrakul Nuttanit , Sukaram Thanikan , Chaiteerakij Roongruedee , Rerknimitr Rungsun
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a promising potential biomarker that may be able to identify the presence of cancers.

AIM

To identify exhaled breath VOCs that distinguish pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) and healthy volunteers.

METHODS

We collected exhaled breath from histologically proven PDAC patients, radiological diagnosis IPMN, and healthy volunteers using the ReCIVA® device between 10/2021-11/2022. VOCs were identified by thermal desorption-gas chromatography/field-asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry and compared between groups.

RESULTS

A total of 156 participants (44% male, mean age 62.6 ± 10.6) were enrolled (54 PDAC, 42 IPMN, and 60 controls). Among the nine VOCs identified, two VOCs that showed differences between groups were dimethyl sulfide [0.73 vs 0.74 vs 0.94 arbitrary units (AU), respectively; P = 0.008] and acetone dimers (3.95 vs 4.49 vs 5.19 AU, respectively; P < 0.001). After adjusting for the imbalance parameters, PDAC showed higher dimethyl sulfide levels than the control and IPMN groups, with adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 6.98 (95%CI: 1.15-42.17) and 4.56 (1.03-20.20), respectively (P < 0.05 both). Acetone dimer levels were also higher in PDAC compared to controls and IPMN (aOR: 5.12 (1.80-14.57) and aOR: 3.35 (1.47-7.63), respectively (P < 0.05 both). Acetone dimer, but not dimethyl sulfide, performed better than CA19-9 in PDAC diagnosis (AUROC 0.910 vs 0.796). The AUROC of acetone dimer increased to 0.936 when combined with CA19-9, which was better than CA19-9 alone (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Dimethyl sulfide and acetone dimer are VOCs that potentially distinguish PDAC from IPMN and healthy participants. Additional prospective studies are required to validate these findings.
Sero-prevalence and Risk Factors Study of Foot and Mouth Disease and Farmers Perception on Vaccinating Cattle against the Disease in Sidama Region, South Ethiopia
Authors: Mishamo Sulayeman  , Tamirat Demissie  , AyelechMuluneh  , Gizachew Hailegebreal  , Sultan Abda
Published: March 2024

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a severe, highly contagious viral disease of livestock that has a significant economic impact. A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2019 to June 2020 in three selected districts of Sidama region, southern Ethiopia with the objectives of determining the sero-prevalence of cattle against foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV), identifying potential risk factors and assessing farmers' perception on vaccination against FMD. Purposive and systematic random sampling techniques were employed to select the districts and study animals, respectively. A total of 510 cattle were tested for FMDV antibodies using 3ABC-ELISA. The overall cattle and herd level sero-prevalence were 15.5% and 24.7%, respectively. Among the considered risk factors age, herd size, and season were significantly associated with the sero-positivity of FMDV (P<0.05). Out of 120 farmers interviewed84.2% had never vaccinated their cattle against FMDV. Inaccessibility (83.7%) and unaffordable cost (72.1%) of the vaccine were mentioned as leading causes for the low vaccination practice in the current study areas. Majority of the respondents (68.3%) don’t perceive vaccinating cattle against FMDV as one of the preventive measures. In districts with lower perception of farmers on vaccinating their cattle against FMDV, higher sero-prevalence of the disease were recorded. The present serological and questionnaire survey indicated that the presence of FMD sero-positive animals in the current study area. Therefore, an integrated strategy for disease control has to be designed and implemented which could include enhancing farmers’ perception about the use of vaccination in preventing FMD and government provision of vaccines at an affordable cost to the farmers.
Assessment of Healthcare Solid Waste Composition, Generation and its Management: the case of Two Hospitals of Shashemene Town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Gudeta Elie  , Daniel Fitamo  , Semere Gebreaegawi
Published: March 2024

Hazardous wastes from Hospitals could pose a threat to the health of healthcare workers, the general public, and the environment unless managed properly. The study aimed to appraise the healthcare waste (HCW) composition, generation rate and the prevailing management practices in two Hospitals (a Private and a Government-owned) of Shashemene Town, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study involving Direct Observation, Key Informant Interview, Questionnaire survey and Weighting Scale was conducted to evaluate the current HCW management practices and to quantify the HCW generation rate. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. The mean generation rates of HCW were 45.2 ± 5.8kg day–1 (0.20kgbed‒1day‒1) and 20 ± 2.4 kg day–1 (0.19kg bed‒1day‒1) from Government Hospital(GH) and Private Hospital (PH), respectively. Of the total solid waste generated, over half(GH: 53.3%; PH: 57.1%) constituted general waste (GW), and the remaining (GH: 46.7%; PH: 42.9%) comprised hazardous waste (HW), which exceeded the WHO threshold(10‒25%) intimates the lack of poor waste segregation. There were significant variations between the hospital wards regarding GW (GH: χ2 = 31; P < 0.001; PH:χ2 = 13; P <0.01), HW (GH: χ2 = 25; P < 0.001; PH: χ2 = 10; P < 0.01), and total HCW (GH: χ2 = 46; P < 0.01; PH: χ2 = 22; P < 0.01). Besides, significant differences were observed between the mean total HCW (χ2 = 9.016; P < 0.01), GW (χ2 = 9.8; P < 0.01), and the HW (χ2 =5.011, P < 0.05) of the hospitals. Segregation of wastes and pre-treatment of infectious wastes were not properly practiced, and single-chamber incinerators was the most utilized treatment method indicating poor management of the HCW. The study establishes that the little attention is given to medical waste management which primarily proceeds from a lack of due implementation of the national healthcare wastes management guideline/directive at the healthcare facility level. If the poor healthcare solid waste management is not properly addressed at the study hospitals, human (healthcare workers, waste handlers, patients, and nearby community) and environmental health risk will be within the bounds of possibility.
An osteological study of fusion of cervical vertebrae
Authors: Tripathi Alok , Raizaday Shobhit , Kausar Hina , Khare Satyam , Jain Shilpi , Kaushik Ran Kumar , Yadav Swati
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Fusion of vertebral column is a common finding in both radiological studies and in anatomical studies. The present study was focussed only on the fusion of the cervical vertebrae. The present study is to study the morphology of fused cervical vertebrae and its clinical aspect. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 200 dry cervical vertebrae of both the sexes in Department of Anatomy, Subharti Medical College, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. The bones were carefully studied and digitally photographed. Results: In this study the incidence of fused cervical vertebrae was 0.5% (01 out of 200). Out of seven cervical vertebrae the fusion was only seen in C2-C3 Vertebrae. Conclusions: The overall incidence of the fused cervical vertebrae in this study was only 0.5%. The fusion of cervical vertebrae is commonly associated with Klippel-Feil Syndrome, Crouzon’s syndrome and Chorda Dorsalis. The fusion of the cervical vertebrae causes restricted and painful neck movements and can cause sudden death also. The knowledge of such fusion is important for anatomists, neurosurgeons, radiologists, orthopaedic surgeons, neurologists, physiotherapists and even orthodontists. The knowledge of the fusion of cervical vertebrae is important for anaesthetist while doing endotracheal intubation where extension of the neck is done. Keywords: Cervical vertebrae
Visualizing Voices: Exploring the Use of Architectural Visualization to Present Complex Qualitative Findings
Authors: Abboud  Armaly Oriana
Published: March 2024

In this paper, I discuss the promising use of visual architectural drawings to present findings of qualitative studies, particularly when dealing with a complex, multidimensional human experience. I examine an interdisciplinary integration between qualitative research and architecture that embraces visual elements. I propose using visual drawings borrowed from architecture as a tool to present deep meanings of human experience within a social phenomenon and make the findings visually transparent. The architectural drawings offer distinct views: one provides an overall view of the building, while the other exposes its hidden layers. I employ this visual means to highlight deep meanings obtained from two salient metaphors in the participants’ stories concerning normative identity conflict. This new practice of the importance of using visual means to present findings is consistent with contemporary discussions in sociology about how qualitative findings can be made more transparent and visible to diverse audiences. While this unique use of visual architecture means is still rare, I suggest that their implementation can contribute to innovation and contemporaneity in presenting qualitative findings. The insights of the present paper invite qualitative researchers to utilize visual interdisciplinary means to present findings that engage diverse audiences and enrich qualitative methodological discourse.
Voices Unheard, Stories Untold: An In-Depth Phenomenological Exploration of Workplace Bullying Among Indian Primary School Teachers
Authors: Mridul Mridul , Sharma Aditi
Published: March 2024

Workplace bullying adds significantly to toxicity in workplaces. The present phenomenological study aims to unravel the experiences of primary school teachers who have faced bullying at work. Such studies in India are still sparse, and in-depth qualitative examination of the target’s experiences provides deeper insight into their view regarding anomalous behaviours and bullies. Semi-structured interviews of seven teachers were conducted and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The analysis resulted in three themes: “Workplace dynamics,” “I can tell what their problem is,” and “Coping with the problem.” The identified acts were linked to the extant model (Duluth model) describing the power control wheel at work. The researchers interpreted the bullied teachers' lived experiences to construe the affected teachers' behavioural, perceptual, and emotional responses. The findings reaffirm the existence of bullies in a teaching environment. Teachers with longer years of service acted as bullies in all the cases, and two participants just discussed Principal-on-teacher bullying. The study discusses how identified bullying acts can be categorized into themes of the power-control wheel at work. Studies on bullying in cultures with high power distance are limited and provide limited evidence on how the bullying behaviours are comparable to the acts constituting other abusive relationships.
Agential Cuts for Justice: Honoring Complexity in Educational Research through Intersectional Design Dimensions
Authors: Behizadeh Nadia
Published: March 2024

This article explores the complexity and challenges of making decisions regarding which theories and social categories (e.g. race, class) should be emphasized in justice-centered research that includes participants’ identities as key variables in the design. Drawing on theories of intersectionality, agential realism, and complexity, the author proposes four intersectional design dimensions to help justice-centered researchers honor complexity: reflection on self and purpose; making agential cuts; complexifying social categories; and intersectional and collaborative re-view. Each dimension is illustrated with theory and empirical examples, mostly drawing from the field of educational research. By attending to and continually revisiting agential cuts related to social categories in conversation with community members, researchers can better represent layered, complex, and changing phenomena.
Verticalização de molares com o uso de mini-implantes
Authors: Moura Bruno Gustavo de , Nogueira Weber Adriano
Published: March 2024

A inclinação dos dentes pode causar complicações aos elementos dentários. Uma das grandes dificuldades na ortodontia é corrigir essas inclinações através dos métodos convencionais, sem o controle dos efeitos colaterais causados sobre os dentes de ancoragem e até mesmo o dente a ser movimentado. Dentre essas técnicas, podemos destacar as molas de secção aberta, os arcos segmentados ou cantilevers e os mini-implantes. Esse trabalho realizou uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a verticalização de molares com o auxílio de mini-implantes, onde descrevem as principais características do dispositivo, as indicações e relatos clínicos e a eficiência do método, que além de reduzir o tempo de tratamento, minimiza os efeitos colaterais e diminui o número de acessórios ortodônticos.
Intrusão de molares superiores com o uso de MPO
Authors: Sachett Matheus José , Nogueira Weber Adriano
Published: March 2024

A perda dentária pode causar a implicações tanto para os dentes adjacentes, que apresentam inclinações, quanto para os antagonistas que sofrem extrusão. Esse trabalho visa relatar através de uma revisão de literatura, a aplicabilidade e eficiência do MPO em situações que se faz necessário realizar um tratamento de intrusão de molares superiores, bem como demonstrar resultados com a funcionalidade e estética que o procedimento entrega. Diversos métodos são utilizados na reparação das condições dentárias para uma futura reabilitação do antagonista, sendo que os métodos convencionais implicam em diversos entraves, entre eles as implicações estéticas, deslocamentos na unidade de ancoragem e participação exclusiva do paciente, que podem não garantir o sucesso da mecânica intrusiva planejada. Uma tecnologia recente e que está mostrando muita versatilidade é o mini-implante através do MPO (miniparafusos ortodônticos), simplificando a mecânica utilizada através de um parafuso, garantindo a estabilidade necessária para realizar os movimentos desejados com mais controle e previsibilidade, evitando assim efeitos colaterais. Os MPO apresentam uma eficiência na ancoragem ortodôntica superior às técnicas convencionais, além de ser um método que não exige cooperação do paciente. Esses dispositivos demonstram ser uma alternativa para resolução de casos considerados complexos ou difíceis.
Implantes dentários: técnica All-on-Four
Authors: Pellizzer Kemily , Dal Paz Júlia
Published: March 2024

A busca constante por próteses fixas e tratamento por meio de implantes dentários, para devolver estética, função e conforto vem aumentando ao longo dos anos e com isso novas técnicas de instalação de implantes foram necessárias e adotadas na odontologia moderna. A técnica All-on-Four compreende na inserção de quatro implantes, onde dois centrais são instalados de forma paralela e outros dois distais com uma inclinação de até 45o e permite uma boa estabilidade primária dos implantes sem a necessidade de levantamento de seio na maxila, e no caso da mandíbula, sem interferência no forame mentoniano ou nervo alveolar inferior. O objetivo desse estudo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a tecnica All-on-Four, avaliando sua eficácia na recuperação de pacientes edêntulos.
Algumas limitações da técnica All-on-Four
Authors: Paes Hellen Ferreira de Souza
Published: March 2024

A perda dentária no Brasil é um problema de saúde pública com alta prevalência e impactos negativos na vida dos indivíduos. A saúde bucal é uma questão de saúde pública, pois determina diversos aspectos da qualidade de vida das pessoas, superando inclusive a questão estética. O objetivo deste artigo foi discutir algumas limitações da reabilitação oral através da técnica All-on-Four, mediante a metodologia de revisão de literatura. Essa técnica conhecida como ‘carga imediata’, é executada colocando-se uma prótese fixada sobre dois implantes anteriores e dois posteriores, em posições mesializadas e distalmente inclinadas, a fim de receber as cargas mastigatórias. Apesar da segurança e vantagens da técnica, alguns fatores podem levar a possíveis complicações como, por exemplo, infecção óssea prévia, infecção do implante após sua instalação, denominada peri-implantite, fratura ou quebra do implante, falha na osseointegração, bem como interferências advindas de doenças sistêmicas não controladas. A realização do curso de pós-graduação específico em implantodontia faz com que o cirurgião dentista execute um melhor diagnóstico e planejamento para execução da técnica, com o mínimo de intercorrências possível.
Contribuições da ortodontia para a reabilitação oral: um estudo de revisão
Authors: Oliveira Maria Eduarda Ferreira de , Melo Eduardo Henriques de , Freitas Rafaella Rocha , Freitas Cleves Medeiros de
Published: March 2024

O presente trabalho almejou realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a aplicação prévia do tratamento ortodôntico na odontologia restauradora, em especial com a prótese dentária. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura do tipo narrativa. A busca dos artigos foi realizada de forma digital, nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Scientific Electronic Library Online e Google Acadêmico, utilizando os seguintes descritores: ortodontia; reabilitação bucal; prótese dentária, práticas interdisciplinares. Por outro lado, foram considerados os seguintes critérios de exclusão: publicações indisponíveis em texto integral e em duplicidade. Foram incluídas publicações relacionadas aos objetivos elencados nesta pesquisa, artigos nos idiomas português ou inglês, publicados nos últimos 10 anos, disponíveis em texto integral. Artigos em duplicidade. Os movimentos ortodônticos são de grande importância nos tratamentos reabilitadores, pois melhoram a posição dos dentes no arco, favorecendo a biomecânica das próteses e evitando, muitas vezes, desgastes desnecessários nos elementos dentais, além de ter inúmeros benefícios como o seu baixo custo, alta eficácia. Conclui-se que a atuação multidisciplinar entre ortodontia e a área da reabilitação oral tem sido funda­mental no planejamento de um tratamento capaz de garantir qualidade e longevidade para os casos, além de também proporcionar a melhora da qualidade de vida e autoestima do paciente.