bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calculating number of Co-Migrated DNA Fragments across Pulsed Field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles: Image analysis algorithm v2
Authors: El-khalil Adam Ibrahim
Published: March 2021

The author describes a new image analysis algorithm that enables identification of how many DNA fragments co-migrate during PFGE. The method is named factor of co-migration based on exponential correlation between single-fragment bands and their pixel densities "FCM-ECSB".
Tomada de decisão compartilhada na saúde: aproximações e distanciamentos entre a ajuda decisional e os apoios de tomada de decisão
Authors: Albuquerque Aline , Antunes Cintia Maria Tanure Bacelar
Published: March 2021

Objective: to analyze decision-making aids and decision-making supports, as tools for shared decision-making, focusing on their similarities and similarities. Methodology: this is a theoretical research based on the International Patient Decision Aids Standards Collaboration framework, regarding decision aids, and, in relation to decision-making support, research by Shogren, Wehmeyer, Martinis, and Blanck and Quality Rights. Results: decision-making aid and decision-making support are central instruments in making shared decision-making effective. therefore, decision help and decision-making support converge to promote the patient's personal autonomy and his effective participation as an effective decision-making agent in health. Conclusion: both instruments increase the patient's control over the decisions that are made about their health care to the extent that they promote the patient's right to self-determination.
O princípio da solidariedade no enfrentamento da COVID-19 no Brasil
Authors: Carvalho Márcia Haydée Porto de , Miranda Márcia Lúcia Lopes de
Published: March 2021

Objective: analyzing the principle of solidarity as an interpretive vector for urgent public policies and other actions to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: the deductive approach, the descriptive-exploratory method of procedure and the bibliographic and documentary research techniques were used. Results: it was found that, despite the advancement of public health policies, notably through SUS (Unified Health System), the principle of solidarity is still being disregarded in the face of the pandemic in Brazil, as seen, for example, by the storage of RT-qPCR tests (about to expire) and underutilization of the budget for the pandemic. Thus, although it has already been demonstrated that measures informed by this principle save lives, as revealed by successful experiences in other countries, being, therefore, an effective and inexpensive instrument, much remains to be done in the application of this principle in Brazil. Conclusion: inspired by the principle of solidarity, the federal, state and municipal governments, and other powers, must combine efforts to offer public policies and other appropriate and effective actions to combat COVID-19 in Brazil.
Análise crítica do modelo de atenção à saúde das pessoas privadas de liberdade no Brasil
Authors: Simas Luciana , Sánchez Alexandra , Ventura Miriam , Diuana Vilma , Larouze Bernard
Published: March 2021

Objective: the universality and comprehensiveness of the right to health must be guaranteed in the prison context as constitutional principles. The research had as its object the set of laws and regulations built about this theme over more than thirty years. The purpose was to critically analyze the health care model of persons deprived of liberty in the prison system, based on the normative survey, its chronology and hierarchy. Methods: the qualitative documentary study used the databases of Federal Government, Chamber of Representatives, Federal Senate, and Virtual Health Library of the Ministry of Health, to identify current norms that involve issues of the health system in the criminal scope and care to arrested people. Results: eleven federal norms were analyzed, according to their fundamentals and definition of implementation parameters by the security and health agencies. The National Health Plan in the Penitentiary System and the National Policy for Comprehensive Health Care for Persons Deprived of Liberty in the Prison System (PNAISP) are highlighted. Conclusion: effective intersectoral measures are urgent to change the situation of institutional violence and inequities in prisons, in a process of co-responsibility, through the health care network, according to the parameters of the Unified Health System (SUS).
Aging in Central America and the Caribbean
Authors: Murillo Roberth Steven Gutiérrez
Published: March 2021

The book Aging in Central America and the Caribbean, object of this review, was published in 2018 by Centro de Investigaciones sobre América Latina y el Caribe (CIALC), from the Universidad Autónoma de México, and organized by Aída Díaz-Tendero Bollain. The work addresses aging in Latin America and the Caribbean from a multidisciplinary perspective of the phenomenon under the prism of human rights, socio-economic aspects and demographic elements in the region. An important analysis is the privatization of health and social assistance services, which triggered the rupture of ties of intergenerational solidarity and challenged the continuity of economic solidarity for the elderly.
Democracia sanitária, judicialização da política e neoliberalismo
Authors: Rodrigues Daniel dos Santos
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this essay is to speculate on the reasons why the health legal literature has not focused more incisively on the most remote causes of the phenomenon of the health's judicialization and how this is directly related to the current democratic crisis. It is asserted that the concept of democracy supported by the legal health doctrine is a derivation of the idealized concept of democracy of liberalism, as it naively underestimates the degeneration of democracy in lobby and ignores the empirical studies of contemporary political science that point to the disinterest and the passionate behavior of citizens regarding public affairs. Furthermore, in praising an alleged democratic exercise via health lawsuits, health legal doctrine pays little attention to alternative explanations of the origin of the judicialization of politics, such as that offered by Ran Hirschl, who sustains that the increasing judicialization (juristrocracy) stems from a strategic agreement between the economic, political and legal elites for the hegemonic preservation of their interests and for the advancement of a neoliberal economic agenda. It is supported the hypothesis that the omission of the sanitary legal doctrine in regard to deeper explanations about the judicialization of politics is exactly related to this preservation of the interests of the legal elite. For this reason, in order to advance in the improvement of democracy, it is necessary to reflect on the structural causes of judicialization, and thus promote institutional reforms that mitigate both the influence of economic power in politics and the mechanisms of production of judicial activism.
Doping esportivo e consumo de suplementos alimentares: uma relação delicada
Authors: Silva José Carlos Loureiro da , Toledo Ana Carla Vasco de , Lamy Marcelo
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: neste estudo, procura-se saber se os suplementos alimentares tão consumidos são aptos a causarem doping, já que os atletas buscam recursos ergogênicos visando à melhora da sua performance e, no campo nutricional, os suplementos aparecem como os mais consumidos. Metodologia: pesquisa bibliográfica descritiva, de abordagem exploratória; foram utilizadas informações oficiais de órgãos afetos ao controle de competições esportivas mundiais, bem como normas da Anvisa, agência reguladora brasileira. Resultados: verificou-se que a opção pelo alto consumo de suplementos alimentares se deve tanto à influência massiva da publicidade, que promete resultados miraculosos, quanto à facilidade de aquisição desses produtos. A eficácia de muitos deles carece de comprovação científica, enquanto outros podem causar efeitos colaterais graves pouco divulgados, além de conter substâncias de uso proibido e aptas a causar doping. No Brasil, a indústria de suplementos alimentares ganhou marco regulatório apenas em 2018, razão pela qual ainda não foi possível uma avaliação rigorosa dos seus efeitos. Conclusão: constatou-se que a multidisciplinariedade que envolve a relação entre dopagem e consumo de suplementos alimentares é a responsável pela dificuldade de controle do setor, reveladora ainda de quão movediça é a abordagem do problema no qual, frequentemente, se imiscuem novas áreas de conhecimento, exigindo profundo saber interdisciplinar. Daí a necessidade da interferência de profissionais habilitados para a prescrição de tais suplementos somente nos casos em que eles se mostrem necessários.
İn Vivo Double Haploid Tekniği ile Yerel Çeşitlerden Elde Edilen Haploid Bitkilerin Saf Hat Olarak Kullanilabilirliğinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: BAYHAN Merve , ÖZKAN Remzi , ALBAYRAK Önder , YILDIRIM Mehmet , AKINCI Prof. Dr. Cuma
Published: March 2021

Double haploid (DH) teknolojisi son yıllarda gelişmiş ıslah programlarında yaygın olarak kullanılan bir araç haline gelmiştir. Mısır ıslahında in vivo double-haploid yöntemiyle saf hat elde etme, ıslahta zaman ve maliyet yönünden büyük avantaj sağlamakta ve ıslah süresini 6 yıl kadar kısaltmaktadır. Ayrıca daha fazla kendilenmiş hattın kolayca elde edilmesi ıslahtan elde edilecek başarı oranını artırmaktadır. Double-haploid saf hatlar %100 homozigot olmaları nedeniyle konvansiyonel yöntemle elde edilmiş kendilenmiş hatlara kıyasla daha yüksek genetik stabiliteye sahiptirler. Araştırmada maternal in vivo double-haploid yönteminin yukarıda sayılan avantajlarından faydalanılması hedeflenmiş ve haploid tohumlara kromozom katlaması tekniği başarıyla uygulanmıştır. DH tekniği ile geliştirilen n kromozomlu 12 adet haploid genotip, 2019 yılında Dicle Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri bölümüne ait laboratuvar, bitki yetiştirme kabini ve sera koşullarında incelenmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan 12 genotipte kromozom katlanma işlemi başarıyla gerçekleştirilmiş ve bu genotiplere ait bazı agronomik özellikler incelenmiştir. Kendilenmiş double-haploid bitkilerde incelenen agronomik özellikler neticesinde DZM-45 ve DZM-7 genotiplerinin diğer hatlara üstünlük sağlayarak kendilenmiş hat olabilme potansiyelinde olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Comparative analyses of antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory activities of different Cladonia species and determination of fumarprotocetraric acid amounts
Authors: KOCAKAYA Zekiye , KOCAKAYA Mustafa , ŞEKER KARATOPRAK Gökçe
Published: March 2021

In traditional medicine, Cladonia lichens are used for several disorders like hypertension, headaches, dizziness, cough, and menstrual disorders. The study aimed to determine the biological activities of 70% methanol extracts of nine Cladonia species from Turkey. The chemical composition was analyzed via spectrophotometric and chromatographic (HPLC) techniques. DPPH● (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS+● (2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical scavenging activities, inhibition of β-carotene/linoleic acid co-oxidation, and cytotoxicity on A549 and COLO205 cell lines were studied. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed on the Raw 264.7 mouse macrophage cell line by determining nitric oxide (NO) levels. Among the studied Cladonia species Cladonia firma was found the most active extract in ABTS+● test system (2.58±0.07 mmol/L/Trolox) and also in the cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory experiments. Cladonia pocillum, Cladonia rangiformis, and Cladonia foliaceae were also found to be active. Fumarprotocetraric acid amounts are between 1.89 -23.82 mg/gextract and fumarprotocetraric acid content did not show linearity with biological activities. It has been proved with this study that lichens traditionally used in treatment have as much biological activity as plants and can be evaluated in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
Implementation Challenges for Marine Strategy Framework Directive in the Republic of Croatia
Authors: Runko Luttenberger Lidija , Slišković Merica
Published: March 2021

The Marine Strategy Framework Directive adopted in 2008 aims to achieve Good Environmental Status (GES) of the EU’s marine waters by 2020 and to protect the resource base upon which marinerelated economic and social activities depend. To that end each Member State is required to develop its Marine Strategy, keep it up-to-date and have it reviewed every 6 years. The Republic of Croatia has by mid-2019 not adopted its national strategic document. The paper analyses the chronology, content of EU official country reports on marine environment, possible obstacles in adoption procedure and presents proposal for more efficient approach to protecting the Adriatic Sea. Marine spatial planning is also considered key instrument for managing the conflicts resulting from the increasing utilization and industrialization of the world’s seas and oceans. The process of national marine policy adoption should be made more clear and transparent to general public which is at the same time the public concerned, and to expert community. Strategic vision can only be built on knowledge, education and awareness of wider public.
Noise Pollution – Introduction to the State of the Research and the Implementation in the Horizon 2020 Project Pixel
Authors: Piličić Stjepan , Traven Luka , Milošević Teodora , Kegalj Igor , Skoblar Ante , Žigulić Roberto
Published: March 2021

Noise pollution is a significant factor in the modern world. There are many researches dealing with the noise modelling, differing in their purpose, studied influence and the scope of the research, either in geographical terms or in the terms of studied noise sources. The objective of this paper is to give insight in the current state on the field of negative influence that noise has on the environment and/ or human health. Special attention was given to the influence that ports’ noise pollution has on the surroundings, both on the population and on the environment. Within the influence on the environment, underwater noise, which is often excluded when the main priority is the influence on general population, was also included. As it is one of the main tools for analysing the influence of noise, several examples of assessing the influence of the noise using noise maps are presented. Several objectives of the EU Horizon 2020 project (PIXEL), dealing with the reduction of ports’ pollution, were covered. The segment of the project dealing with the noise is linked with the previous achievements, which forms the basis to give some guidelines for the further research of the noise influence on the environment.
A Study of the Possible Use of Materials With Shape Memory Effect in Shipbuilding
Authors: Ivošević Špiro , Majerič Peter , Vukičević Miroslav , Rudolf Rebeka
Published: March 2021

The article presents a study of the possible use of materials with Shape Memory Effect (SME) in shipbuilding, which have two special abilities of transformation and changing shape with changing of temperature or deformation. Among the most well-known SME materials, our study focuses on Ni-Ti and Cu- based alloys. An example of the existing fabrication presents casting of Ni-Ti in the form of a disk, and a new approach – continuous casting of Ni-Ti and CuAlNi alloys in the form of rods. In the article some results are shown of characterisation of microstructure and the basic properties. This was done in accordance with the fact that such scientific approach could define the starting point for further identification of the functional characteristics of these alloys by knowing the their chemical content and microstructure. Numerous studies are being carried out today in order to find the optimal functional characteristics of SME alloys. All of this is aimed at optimising the fabrication of these alloys, with the achievement of suitable properties for application in shipbuilding.
Clinical Study of Lens Induced Glaucoma at a Tertiary Eye Care Centre
Authors: Vudayana Dineshkanth , Sativada Lakshmi , Jerry Pavani , Kolluru Padmaraju
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Lens induced glaucomas are common in India. There were different types of lens induced glaucomas based on clinical features and morphological features. This study was undertaken to evaluate the various characteristics and presentations of glaucomas, to define the risk factors and to evaluate as to how they influence the post-operative visual acuity, intra ocular pressure, inflammation and optic disc changes. METHODS This longitudinal study included 90 cases of lens induced glaucoma admitted in the ophthalmic wards of the Great Eastern Medical School and Hospital, Srikakulam, during the period March 2018 to March 2020. All consecutive patients diagnosed as lens induced glaucoma on the basis of clinical symptoms and signs were included. At presentation, visual acuity, IOP, inflammation including corneal changes were recorded, which were repeated after institution of medical line of treatment and postoperatively patients were followed up regularly at 2, 4 and 6 weeks intervals and the same parameters were evaluated including optic disc changes. RESULTS Occurrence of lens induced glaucoma in the hospital during the study period was 1.72 %. The mean age of presentation of various types of glaucomas was 60.57 years and the female to male ratio was 2:1. The most frequent type of lens induced glaucoma was phacomorphic glaucoma (70 %). In 34.4 % patients best corrected visual acuity was found to be better than 6 / 18. In 14.4 % of cases, visual acuity was found be worse than 6 / 60. In patients who presented with symptoms of less than two weeks duration, better visual acuity of 6 / 12 or more was noted (76.2 %, P < 0.01). In 60 % patients who presented with IOP levels of less than 35 mmHg, better visual acuity of 6 / 12 or more was noted in 76.2 %. The mean IOP noted in patients with symptoms of 2 to 4 weeks duration was found to be 40.33 ± 9.36 mmHg. Inflammation was more severe in patients who were symptomatic for more than 2 weeks (37.50 %, P < 0.05) and also in cases with IOP more than 35 mmHg (40 %). Optic disc of the presented eye was found to be damaged in 35.5 % of cases and in patients presenting with symptoms of more than 2 weeks’ duration it was 62.5 % (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Presentation with intraocular pressure value greater than 35 mm of Hg and with symptoms of more than two weeks would result in severe inflammation further affecting the cornea and causing optic nerve damage which would ultimately jeopardize vision. This can be prevented by early presentation and regular screening of people above 60 years of age. KEYWORDS Lens-Induced, Glaucoma, Cataract
Prospective Evaluation of Coexistence of Subclinical Hypothyroidism with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Effect on Metabolic Profile
Authors: C Sri Krishna Appaji , M Deepak Phanindhra , Acharya Anand
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Subclinical hypothyroidism is the term used to describe a condition where there is isolated elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone level in the setting of normal serum free thyroxin levels in the absence or presence of symptoms. There is no uniformity in various studies regarding association between subclinical hypothyroidism and type 2 diabetes mellitus with regard to prevalence and change in metabolic profile. METHODS After enrolment of patients, a detailed relevant history of patients was taken and detailed clinical examination was done. All information obtained from patients was recorded in predesigned proforma. After 8 hours of fasting, serum levels of glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by fully automated clinical biochemistry analyser EM 200 were checked. Serum free T3, free T4 and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured using standard assay. RESULTS Fasting glucose was significantly higher (P = .00001) in diabetes mellitus plus subclinical hypothyroidism group than patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and euthyroid group (156.3 + 15.77 mg / dl vs. 128.1 + 21.44 mg / dl). Fasting insulin was significantly higher (P = .00001) in diabetes mellitus plus subclinical hypothyroidism group than patients with DM and euthyroid group (3.69 + 0.82 mu / L vs. 2.36 + 0.75 mu / L). There was no significant difference between two groups regarding HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS From our study we conclude that prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was higher in type 2 diabetes patients than normal population and there was female predominance. Body mass index was significantly higher in subclinical hypothyroidism group and there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding duration of diabetes mellitus. Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism have poor glycaemic control. KEYWORDS Subclinical Hypothyroidism, Diabetes Mellitus, Metabolic Profile
Prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Infertile Women Attending a Tertiary Care Centre in West Bengal, India - A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Shirazee Hasibul Hasan , Pradhan Manjushree , Mondal Tanushree , Saha Suvasmita , Das Rupkamal
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism is the most common endocrinological problem affecting women who present with ovulatory dysfunction resulting in infertility. Its milder form, subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) characterised by mildly elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and normal free thyroxin (FT4) levels, may also contribute to disturbed reproductive function. The prevalence of SCH has been reported to be 0.7 % - 2.3 % in large series of unselected infertile women. Undiagnosed and untreated thyroid diseases can be a cause for infertility as well as sub fertility. Prevalence of hypothyroidism in the reproductive age group ranges from 2 - 4 %. We wanted to study the prevalence of hypothyroidism as one of the causes of infertility in infertile women who attended a tertiary care centre, to study the prevalence of clinical / subclinical hypothyroidism in infertile women and to assess the thyroid status in infertile women. METHODS This is a prospective observational study done in the Gynaecology and Obstetrics outpatient department at R.G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India from 1st January 2017 to 1st July 2018. 314 infertile women in the reproductive age of 20 - 40 years attending the outpatient department were included in this study RESULTS In our study out of the total of 314 cases, 270 patients (86 %) were suffering from primary infertility and 44 patients (14 %) had secondary infertility. Prevalence of hypothyroidism (both clinical and subclinical) was 21.9 % (69 cases) among the infertile patients attending outpatient department of a tertiary care centre. Clinical hypothyroidism was detected in 7.3 % (23 cases) and subclinical hypothyroidism was seen in 46 cases (14.6 %). Among the hypothyroid infertile patients, 75.4 % (52 cases) was of primary infertility. CONCLUSIONS Hypothyroidism is an emerging cause of infertility (both primary and secondary). Subclinical hypothyroidism is more prevalent than clinical hypothyroidism in infertile women. KEYWORDS Hypothyroidism, Subclinical Hypothyroidism, Infertility, Tertiary Care Centre
Demokratik Kamu Politikalarına Sivil Toplum Katkısı: Konya STK Platformu Örneği
Authors: Kutlu Önder , Kahraman Selçuk , Dinçer Selçuk
Published: March 2021

Sivil toplum, Türkiye’de özellikle son yıllarda çeşitli akademik çalışmalara konu olmuş, ancak daha fazla çalışmayı gerektiren bir alan olarak değerlendirilebilir. Sivil toplumcu bir anlayışın demokratik yönetim ve siyasal katılım geleneğine katkısı bağlamında ve güncel gelişmeler ışığında önemi her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bununla birlikte Türkiye gibi ekonomik, toplumsal ve siyasal konularda yeni kamu politikaları üretme ve uygulama ihtiyacı olan ülkeler düşünüldüğünde sivil toplum kuruluşlarının kamusal sorunlar hakkında politika öneri ve katkı sunabilmesi, daha güçlü bir toplumsal mutabakat zeminini oluşturulmasına yardım eder.

Demokrasi ve yönetişim tartışmaları sivil toplum kuruluşlarının katılımcı ve hesap verebilir bir kamu politikası anlayışında oldukça büyük önemi haiz olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Toplumsal hayatın olağan ve olağanüstü soru(n)ları karşısında herhangi bir kamusal alanda çalışma yürüten sivil toplum kuruluşlarının ilgili sorun alanları karşısında hem pro-aktif zemin oluşturma hem politika üretme ve uygulama aşamalarında hem de sorunlara çözüm anlamında reaktif desteğinin ilgili sorunsalın çözümünü ve meşruiyet alanını artıracağını söylemek yanlış olmayacaktır.

Çalışmamızda demokrasi, katılımcılık, hesap verebilirlik ve yönetişim ilkeleri çerçevesinde sivil toplum kuruluşlarının üstlendikleri görev ve sorumlulukların ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Konya ili özelinde farklı alanlardaki sivil toplum kuruluşlarının bir üst çatı altında bir araya geldikleri Konya Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları Platformu üyelerinin genel kamu politikalarına yaklaşımları ve çeşitli kamusal aktörlerle olan ilişkileri ve performans düzeyleri 2018 yılı Mayıs ayında, Ufuk Turu Toplantılarında uygulanan bir anket çalışması bulguları çerçevesinde tartışılacaktır. Böylece sivil toplum ile kamu politikaları arasındaki ilişkilerin değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmektedir. STK gözüyle ve algısıyla kamu politikası konusu ele alındığı için, bu politikaların geliştirilmesi ve en azından sivil gözle olayın değerlendirilmesi mümkün olacaktır.
Organizasyonlarda Sinizm ile Sanal Kaytarma Davranışı İlişkisinde Çalışan Yaşının Düzenleyici Etkisi
Authors: Örücü Edip , Hasırcı Itır
Published: March 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, örgütsel sinizmin sanal kaytarma davranışı üzerindeki etkisinde örgüt çalışanlarının yaş düzeylerinin hızlandırıcı etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın evrenini Balıkesir’in Bandırma ilçesinde bulunan bir kamu iktisadi teşebbüsünde çalışmakta olan 350 kişi oluşturmaktadır. 350 kişiden 200 işgören ile bir anket çalışması gerçekleştirilmiş olup bu anketlerden 31 tanesi uygun görülmediği için elenmiştir ve geriye kalan 169 çalışandan elde edilen anketle analizler yapılmıştır. Katılımcıların %35,5’i erkek, %64,5’i kadın, yaş ortalamaları % 32-38 yaş arası (33,1) ve lisans mezunu (%42,6) ‘dır. Elde edilen verilerin analizi için regresyon analizi, korelasyon analizi, faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler neticesinde örgütsel sinizmin sanal kaytarma davranışı üzerindeki etkisinde çalışanların yaş düzeylerinin hızlandırıcı etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda sonuçlar yorumlanıp, tartışılmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Sanal Kaytarma, Örgütsel Sinizm, Tükenmişlik.JEL Sınıflandırması: D23, O15, M54
Sosyal Medya Kullanım Motivasyonlarının Kişilik Özellikleri ve Yaşam Doyumu Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Karaca Şükran
Published: March 2021

Teknolojinin gelişmesiyle birlikte sosyal medya popüler hale gelmiş ve günlük hayatta yaygın olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Özellikle akıllı telefon kullanımının artması ve internet bağlantısının iyileştirilmesi, sosyal medya kullanımını her geçen gün daha da arttırmıştır. Sosyal medya kullanıcılarının kişilik özellikleri ve yaşamdan elde ettikleri doyumlar ile sosyal medya araçlarının seçimi, kullanım biçimleri ve sıklığı arasında ilişki vardır. Bu nedenle bu çalışma sosyal medya kullanım motivasyonlarının kişilik özellikleri ve yaşam doyumu açısından incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında 385 kişiden çevrimiçi anket tekniğiyle elde edilen veriler analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda sosyal medya kullanıcılarının özellikle nevrotik kişilik özelliğinin sosyal medya kullanım motivasyonları ve yaşam doyumu üzerinde anlamlı etkisinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Sosyal Medya, Sosyal Medya Motivasyonları, Kişilik, Yaşam DoyumuJEL Sınıflandırması: M30, M31
The Relation of Public Expenditures with Economic Growth in OECD Countries
Authors: Ertekin Şaban , Bulut Şahin
Published: March 2021

Many empirical studies have been conducted to analyse the relationship between public spending and economic growth. In the literature review for the analysis of this relationship, the studies are concentrated around Keynes and Wagner Hypothesis. Wagner argues that this relationship is from economic growth to public expenditures while Keynes argues that it is from public expenditures to economic growth. In this study, Keynes's hypothesis is examined through the use ofthe variables of economic growth, public expenditures, inflation and unemployment for some OECD member countries. The findings performed with the panel unit root and panel cointegration tests under the cross-sectional dependency in the analyses are as follows. The variables that make up the study are cointegrated among themselves. In the long-term analysis, a significant relationship was not obtained, which indicates that public expenditures and inflation affect economic growth. It is concluded that unemployment negatively affects economic growth. In the short run, it was found that both public expenditures and inflation positively affected economic growth, while unemployment had a negative effect. In the study, it is concluded that the Keynes Hypothesis is valid for DEU, CZE, GBR, HUN and SVK, but not valid for BEL, FIN and IRL.Key Words: Public Expenditures, Economic Growth, Panel Data AnalysisJEL Classification: H50, O47, C23
Etkin Piyasa Hipotezinin Geçerliliği: G7 Ülkeleri Örneği
Authors: Erataş Sönmez Filiz
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı Fama’nın ortaya koyduğu etkin piyasa hipotezinin geçerliliğinin G7 ülkeleri için incelenmesidir. Bu doğrultuda, zayıf formada etkinlik testi 1990-2020 dönemi için G7 ülkeleri kapsamında durağan olmayan panel birim kök testleri yardımıyla yapılmıştır. Öncelikle serilerde yatay kesit bağımlılığı CD lm testi ile incelenmiştir. Yatay kesit bağımlığının varlığı sonucunda yatay kesit bağımlılığını dikkate alan CADF ve Hadri Kurozumi ikinci nesil durağan olmayan panel birim kök testlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen ampirik bulgular doğrultusunda G7 ülkelerinde piyasaların zayıf formda etkin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu sonuca göre herhangi bir finansal varlığın geçmişteki sahip olduğu tüm bilgiler finansal varlığın fiyatına yansımaktadır ve herhangi bir finansal aracın geçmişteki fiyat hareketine bakarak gelecekteki fiyatını belirlemek mümkün değildir. Rassal yürüyüşe sahip olan zayıf formda etkin piyasalarda finansal varlık fiyatlarının durağan olmaması, gelecekteki finansal varlık piyasalarının geçmiş fiyatlara dayalı olarak tahmin edilemeyeceği anlamına gelir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Etkin Piyasa Hipotezi, Panel Veri Analizi, Panel Birim Kök Testi.JEL Sınıflandırması: C23, F30, F37
Threats and Risks to Telecommunications Systems
Authors: CRĂCIUN Alexandra Maria
Published: March 2021

This article presents threat models for diverse modern telecommunications systems. This section discusses various aspects with impact on the security situation and architecture, such as heterogenity and homogenity of systems, used medium and the extraordinary role of the Internet. This section introduces a classification of typical vulnerabilities by distinguishing infrastructural and personal risks.
Firewall Technologies
Authors: VASILE Cristinel Marius
Published: March 2021

Today, most businesses are based on a computer system, more or less developed. For daily activities the organization needs to be able to connect to the Internet, possibly from a local area network (LAN). But, once with the benefits of the Internet, there are also security risks that the organization must minimize by measures and appropriate controls. Among security issues arising from using the Internet include hacker attacks, computers infection with viruses, malware and spyware. In theory, hackers can enter inside the organization network and steal confidential data, damaging computers or the entire organization's local area network. In this sense, firewall implementation is a security measure needed to any organization. This paper presents firewall types and technologies, attacks on firewalls and some security measures on the internal network.
Security of Personal Data in Social Networks
Authors: VLAD Ionela-Mariana
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, social networks are some of the fastest growing online services. Take for instance the case of Facebook which is considered to be the second most visited site on the Internet and reports growth rates of 3% per week. Social engineering attacks target human weaknesses instead of the technical vulnerabilities of the system. Usually, the attackers are attracted by the large amount of personal data published on the user’s profile. In social networks, the next attacks are specific to reverse social engineering: recommendation-based, visitor tracking-based and demographics-based attacks. In this paper, I will study the risks of using Facebook, the implication of Reverse Social Engineering in social networks and methods of securing a Facebook account.
The Influence of Vulnerabilities on the Information Systems and Methods of Prevention
Authors: POPESCU Irina
Published: March 2021

Due to the constant increase of information in different areas and the evolving of applications and equipment, the number of vulnerabilities the systems encounter also rises exponentially. The information systems are known as an important part of every organization. As a result, they have to be secure and reliable to the users. There are ways for unauthorized people to access sensitive information. In this paper will discuss about the types of possible vulnerabilities and how they influence the security of information system. Also, methods to prevent attack due to the vulnerabilities will be presented.
Comparative Study of Cryptographic Algorithms
Authors: ABDULHAMID Mohanad , GICHUKI Nyagathu
Published: March 2021

This paper presents a comparative study of two cryptosystems, Data Encryption Standard (DES) and the Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) schemes. DES is a symmetric (or private) key cipher. This means that the same key is used for encryption and decryption. RSA, on the other hand, is an asymmetric (or public) key cipher, meaning that two keys are used, one for encryption and the other for decryption. The objective of this paper is to implement these two schemes in software. The program is written in the Java™ language. It generates a key from a passphrase given by the user, encrypts and decrypts a message using the same key, for the case of DES. In RSA, decryption is done by computing the decryption key from the encryption key. Finally, the program returns the time taken to encrypt and decrypt a message.
Push the Button: Making Security Training Fun and Interactive
Authors: GOLDMAN E.
Published: March 2021

As humans, we are all constantly trying to find the signal in the noise. Unfortunately, the topics and behaviors that we, as corporate security trainers, are trying to explain, teach, and reinforce are often seen as noise to those whom we are targeting. Therefore, to achieve our goals we need more than pertinent information and slick graphics; we need to find ways to stand out, capture people’s attention, and find a way to cement our desirable security behaviors with positive associations. An effective strategy to stand out, make your message more memorable, and to build a positive reputation for your security team is to incorporate interactive exhibits and activities in your security training program.
Cyber Security Skill Set Analysis for Common Curricula Development
Authors: YAMIN Muhammad Mudassar , KATT Basel
Published: March 2021

The field of cyber security is getting diversified day by day, with new specialist responsibilities and roles at different levels of competence being required by the industry. The competencies can be mapped with required skills set in multiple cyber security certification programs. However, different certification programs use different curricula and terminology, which makes the offerings overlap in some aspect and be distinct in others. This makes it hard for new institutes and cyber ranges to decide upon their training offerings. The aim of this study is to identify commonalities in skill set requirement for multiple cyber security roles like penetration tester, security operation center analysts, digital forensic and incident responders and information security managers. The identified commonalities will be used for development of a standard common curricula to set skill set requirement for the achievement of specific competence levels in a specific cyber security field.
A Study on Password Strength in Wireless Encryption Protocols
Authors: PETRICĂ Gabriel
Published: March 2021

Solutions that can be implemented to secure a LAN include firewalls and intrusion detection / prevention systems (IDS / IPS). For a wireless network, security is a challenge considering the specific elements of this type of network: the physical area from which the connection is possible, and the weaknesses of the protocols used for data encryption. This article presents a case study on the most widely used protocols (WEP, WPA and WPA2) to secure wireless networks and the methodology by which passwords can be decrypted using Kali Linux distribution - available for free on the Internet - and applications included in this operating system.
Investigating the New Criminal Neighborhood: The Need for Dark Web Education for Law Enforcement Personnel
Authors: BELSHAW Scott H.
Published: March 2021

Responses in investigations of drug and sex traffic related crimes often originate in the Dark Web. Internet and cybercrimes are increasingly becoming reliant on criminal justice practitioners to help solve them. However, while the demand for criminal justice participation in cyber investigations increases daily, most law enforcement agencies or state law enforcement accrediting bodies are lagging in their educational and training opportunities for new police officers entering the law enforcement fields. This article discusses the need incorporate education courses covering the Dark and Deep Web in the law enforcement curriculum. A review of existing cyber-criminal justice programs in Texas (N=28) and nationally suggests that most colleges, with a cyber program, have yet to develop courses/programs in understanding and investigating the dark web on the internet. The federal government and a few companies have limited training on the Dark Web for law enforcement officers. The Dark Web serves as the new “Criminal Neighborhood” for illegal activity and needs to be better understood so it can be investigated. This research outlines the need for police officers and police investigators to learn the geographies of the Dark Web.
Cyber Security in Banking Sector
Authors: BEST Michael , KRUMOV Lachezar , BACIVAROV Ioan
Published: March 2021

Because banks are very often target of a cyber-attack, they have also good security controls in place. This paper analysis modern threats to banks and proposes an approach to detect and visualize the risk of data leakage. In the first part of this paper, a comparative analysis of the most common threats to the banking sector is made, based on both bank reports and cyber security companies. The authors came to the conclusion that at the bottom line, insider knowledge is necessary, which is the result of data leakage. This paper comparatively analysis modern threats to banks and shows an approach to detect and visualize the risk of data leakage. In the second part of the paper, a model - based on network graph - that can enumerate the risk of data leakage is proposed. Graphing a network of an organization with the connections of data flow between assets and actors can identify insecure connections that may lead to data leakage. As is demonstrated in this paper, financial institutions are important targets of cyber attacks. Consequently, the financial sector must invest heavily in cybersecurity and find the best ways to counter cyber attacks and cyber bank robbery attempts.
Cyber-Victimization Trends in Trinidad & Tobago: The Results of an Empirical Research
Authors: STAMATAKIS Nikolaos , SMITH Troy
Published: March 2021

In the last years, Caribbean countries have become attractive targets for cybercrime due to increased economic success and online presence with a low level of cyber resilience. The available data on cybersecurity and critical infrastructure shows that cyber-attacks and -incidents, particularly those carried out with criminal intent, have been increasing in frequency and sophistication. This study examines the variables or more specifically the online-related activities in Trinidad and Tobago that affect cybercrime victimization by using the Routine Activity Theory. Using Bayesian classifiers and Facebook as a data collection instrument, the analysis of the quantitative data demonstrates that the use of only the accuracy measures to judge model performance or compare models could be misleading. It also shows that awareness and education related to cybercrime is necessary to persons of all ages, suggesting that in order to move forward as a digital economy, the region must secure the trust of users by providing an open, stable, and secure environment.
Research on Security Challenges Regarding Online School Education
Authors: IONAȘC Nela-Daniela
Published: March 2021

The pandemic crisis brought to surface the poignant scarcity of safe and secure use of online environment and knowledge about e-learning tools, especially in impoverished areas, resulting in an inadequate diminished evolution path of pupils and hastening the school dropout phenomenon. This paper is tailored for parents and teachers and aims to contribute to social digital development by raising awareness based on author’s expertise regarding cyber-hygiene, online tool opportunities in the educational process, cyberbullying and other vulnerabilities prompted by virtual interaction.
Social Networking Security
Authors: DUMITRU George-Daniel
Published: March 2021

Information protection is very essential these days to anyone using a pc or to any company that employs computers and networking in their day to day operations. That is almost everyone. Information protection need to be at the forefront of everyone’s thinking in view that so a lot of our personal information is out there on the Internet. On this paper, the thinking of protection and privateness in social media, or social networking can be mentioned. First, a short history and the notion of social networking will be introduced. Many of the safety dangers related with the use of social media are presented. Also, the trouble of privateness and how it relates to security are described.
Cyber Attacks Against E-Learning Platforms. A Case Study Using Attack Trees
Authors: PETRICĂ Gabriel , MIHAI Ioan-Cosmin
Published: March 2021

The global context of the first part of 2020 has led to a change in the way humanity has carried out its professional and educational activity. E-learning platforms have become an interesting target for cyber attackers. This paper presents the evolution of Moodle vulnerabilities and a possible AT (Attack Tree) built around this e-learning platform. The AT highlights software vulnerabilities and physical events that can compromise the security / availability of a Moodle platform.
Mekanisme Hipotetikal Efek Konsumsi Ikan Menurunkan Resiko Serangan Jantung
Authors: Susilawati I Dewa Ayu
Published: March 2021

Potential maritime Indonesia related health science has not been widely explored. Studies in Indonesia about the potential of marine resources to improve health are still very little. This article summarized a reports from magazines and journals in foreign countries about the potential fish consumption lowers the risk of heart attack. Allegedly this potential is related to the content of unsaturated fatty acids omega-3 (n-3) on fish. The report of observations, clinical , animal and in vitro studies have demonstrated the benefits of omega-3 prevent and treat cardiovascular disease. Although the mechanism is not clear, but it has been shown that the cardioprotection effect of n-3 fatty acids may be caused by its role influencing biological effects on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, platelet function, arterial cholesterol distribution, vascular function and inflammatory response
Laporan Kasus : Abses Gingiva Akibat Traumatik Oklusi pada Pasien Pasca Kehamilan
Authors: Karno Nidha Tuhu Respati , Muflikhah Dewi , Yuwono Budi
Published: March 2021

Gingival abcess is apurulent inflamation that localized in periodontium. Clinically manifested start with toothache, swelling and redness gingiva, fistule gingiva, which can include malaise and headache. Woman during pregnancy could have gingivitis more easily and getting worse with traumatic occlusion. A women 27 years old came with the swelling chin since ± 3days ago. The swelling is painful, with toothache, swelling dan redness gingiva, fistule gingiva, andmalaise. The final diagnose in this case is gingival abcess.
Kajian Kasus: Periodontitis Kronis pada Pasien dengan Riwayat Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Kurniawan Aris Aji , Pramaeswari Anis Sevia , Laksitasari Anindita
Published: March 2021

Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that occurs in periodontal tissue. The causes of chronic periodontitis can be local and systemic factors. Local factors that can cause chronic periodontitis are plaque accumulation, while systemic factors can be in the form of systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. The purpose was to explain the condition of chronic periodontitis that occurs in patients with diabetes mellitus. A 52-year-old woman complained that her teeth have been rocking for about a year. The patient is known to have a history of diabetes mellitus and is undergoing routine treatment. Clinical examination of the oral cavity shows gingival recession in the anterior and posterior teeth area of both the maxilla and mandible, accompanied by the shakiness of the teeth. Patients with diabetes mellitus have decreased immune response and cell function. This condition can inhibit the process of tissue repair and bacterial destruction, to increase the severity of periodontal conditions. the condition of periodontitis can also affect the severity of diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Periodontitis and diabetes mellitus have a mutually influential relationship.
Khasiat Ekstrak Buah Markisa Kuning (P. Edulis Sims) sebagai Antiinflamasi Dilihat dari Jumlah Monosit pada Tikus Wistar Jantan (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Fachri Hardhika Oktarianda , Adriatmoko Winny , Astuti Pudji
Published: March 2021

Yellow passion fruit contains carotenoids and polyphenols which are believed to be used as alternative treatments. Yellow passion fruit is thought to provide anti- inflammatory effects. The objective was to determine the efficacy of giving yellow passion fruit extract to inflammation seen from monocyte counts. This study used 12 male Wistar rats were divided into normal groups, treatment groups, and control groups. In the treatment group, yellow passion fruit extract was given 100% concentration. On the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day the blood edge of the rat was taken and the number of monocyte cell counts was performed. Based on the results of One Way Anova analysis there were differences in the number of monocyte cells between all groups. Yellow passion fruit extract (Passiflora edulis Sims) is efficacious as anti-inflammatory due to a decrease in the number of monocytes.