bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stabilization Control of Inverted Two-Wheeled Luggage Transport Vehicle Using a Kalman Filter-Based Disturbance Observer
Authors: Matsubara Hironori ,   Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan, Nagatsu Yuki , Hashimoto Hideki
Published: June 2021

In addition to the declining birthrate and aging population in Japan, there has been a recent decrease in its total population. This threatens to exacerbate a shortage in labor force, which could trigger an increase in the luggage transport costs of transportation companies or the service industry. The demand for inverted two-wheeled luggage transport vehicles has been increasing steadily owing to their high mobility, compactness, affordability, and pivotal turnability. However, owing to their statical instability, these vehicles are limited. Accordingly, stability can be improved in these systems by configuring a spreading system and applying a disturbance observer based on a Kalman filter. The application of a Kalman filter enables us to estimate the disturbance in which the error between the true and estimated values is the least mean square. Furthermore, we validated the efficiency of the proposed method via its translational movement, turning angle control, and load-loading/unloading experiments using various loads.
Proposal of Wheeled Gait-Training Walker with Dual-Assist Arms and Preliminary Pelvis-Handling Control
Authors: Uegami Kenji , Aoyama Hiroki , Ogawa Katsushi , Yonenobu Kazuo , Jeong Seonghee ,   Osaka Electro-Communication University 18-8 Hatsucho, Neyagawa, Osaka 572-8530, Japan,   Aino University 4-5-4 Higashioda, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0012, Japan,   Osaka Yukioka College of Health Science 1-1-41 Sojiji, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0801, Japan
Published: June 2021

To achieve good rehabilitation in a person, the amount of walking by the person must be increased. Herein, a compact wheeled gait-training walker with dual-assist arms for assisting pelvic motion is proposed. The training walker is constructed by modifying a commercial wheeled walker with armrests. Therefore, it can be used easily by patients to perform their daily activities at rehabilitation sites. The hardware system and controller of the proposed assisting arms are designed based on gait-assist motions conducted by a physical therapist. The dual arms can achieve a pelvis-assisting motion with five degrees of freedom. A trajectory-following control with virtual compliance is implemented for the arms. Gait-assisting experiments are conducted, in which the dual arms allow a pelvic-like plate to follow the trajectory of a reference pose while reducing the upper body’s weight resting on the armrests. A 20 N force on the armrests, which represents the upper-limb load, is reduced while the plate follows the trajectory, and the proposed gait-assisting controller is validated.
Vision-Based Sensing Systems for Autonomous Driving: Centralized or Decentralized?
Authors: Hirabayashi Manato , Saito Yukihiro , Murakami Kosuke , Ohsato Akihito , Kato Shinpei , Edahiro Masato ,   Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan,   Tier IV, Inc. Jacom Building, 1-12-10 Kitashinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-0001, Japan,   Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Published: June 2021

The perception of the surrounding circumstances is an essential task for fully autonomous driving systems, but its high computational and network loads typically impede a single host machine from taking charge of the systems. Decentralized processing is a candidate to decrease such loads; however, it has not been clear that this approach fulfills the requirements of onboard systems, including low latency and low power consumption. Embedded oriented graphics processing units (GPUs) are attracting great interest because they provide massively parallel computation capacity with lower power consumption compared to traditional GPUs. This study explored the effects of decentralized processing on autonomous driving using embedded oriented GPUs as decentralized units. We implemented a prototype system that off-loaded image-based object detection tasks onto embedded oriented GPUs to clarify the effects of decentralized processing. The results of experimental evaluation demonstrated that decentralized processing and network quantization achieved approximately 27 ms delay between the feeding of an image and the arrival of detection results to the host as well as approximately 7 W power consumption on each GPU and network load degradation in orders of magnitude. Judging from these results, we concluded that decentralized processing could be a promising approach to decrease processing latency, network load, and power consumption toward the deployment of autonomous driving systems.
Factors in Teachers’ Awareness of Pedagogical Gestures as Enhancement Technique Among English Teachers in Secondary Schools in Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Iwe Nkechinyere
Published: June 2021

The study seeks to ascertain Nigerian language teachers’ awareness of pedagogical gestures as an enhancement to teaching and whether this awareness is influenced by teaching location and teacher qualification. The study adopts the survey research design with a sample size of 262 drawn using multi-staged sampling techniques. The Z-test method was used in testing the hypothesis of the study.  It was discovered that there was high mean response of teachers on the awareness of pedagogical gestures. There were significant differences in the mean response of urban/rural teachers and no significant differences in the mean response of graduate/non-graduate teacher’s awareness of pedagogical gestures as enhancement technique. Our conclusion is that pedagogical gestures are indispensable in lesson delivery and that their pedagogic values are gained through awareness of them as enhancement technique.
The Influence of Trap Magmatism on the Geochemical Composition of Brines of Petroliferous Deposits in the Western Areas of the Kureika Syneclise (Siberian Platform)
Authors: Novikov D.A. , Gordeeva A.I. , Chernykh A.V. , Dultsev F.F. , Zhitova L.M.
Published: June 2021

—We present the results of study of the influence of trap magmatism on the geochemical composition of brines and on the geothermal regime of the Earth’s interior in the western areas of the Kureika syneclise. The Siberian trap province, which unites all cutting and layered tholeiite–basic magmatic intrusions and erupted basaltic lava, is the world’s largest Phanerozoic continental basalt province. Brines, hydrocarbon deposits, and organic matter of the sedimentary cover were subjected to a significant thermal impact as a result of the Permo-Triassic trap magmatism. During the trap intrusion, the maximum paleotemperatures in major Silurian (D’yavolskii), Ordovician (Baikit), and Cambrian (Deltula–Tanachi, Abakun, and Moktakon) productive horizons reached 650 °C. The Paleozoic and Proterozoic deposits of the study area contain brines with TDS = 50–470 g/dm3. By chemical composition, they are of Na, Na–Ca, Ca–Na, Ca–Mg, and Ca chloride types (according to the classification by S.A. Shchukarev), with mixed Ca–Na and Na–Ca chloride brines dominating. The studied brines can be divided into three groups according to the degree of metamorphism: low (S1), medium (S2), and high (S3). The first group includes mainly sodium chloride brines with TDS = 50–370 g/dm3 (rNa/rCl = 0.60–0.95; S ≤ 100). The second (dominating) group comprises Na–Ca, Ca–Na, Ca, and Ca–Mg chloride brines with TDS = 150–470 g/dm3 (rNa/rCl = 0.10–0.87; 100 ≤ S ≤ 300). The third group is Ca–Na and Ca chloride brines with TDS = 223–381 g/dm3 (rNa/rCl = 0.12–0.45; S ≥ 300). We have first established changes in the hydrogeochemical field (major- and trace-component and gas compositions) with distance from the contacts of intruded dolerite sills and dikes. Hydrocarbons (CH4, C2H6, C3H8, i-C4H10, n-C4H10, i-C5H12, n-C5H12, and C6H14) and water-soluble components I, B, and NH4 were most actively subjected to destruction. For example, at a distance of 100 m from the intrusion zone, the water-dissolved gases are dominated by CO2 (>90 vol.%), and CH4 amounts to 5 vol.%, whereas at a distance of 250 m, the concentration of CO2 decreases to 30 vol.%, and that of CH4 increases to 60–70 vol.%. In addition to the negative effect on the hydrocarbon preservation in the contact zone (≤400 m), the intrusive trap magmatism favored the formation of hydrocarbons in remote horizons. The reaction of intruding traps with brines of the sedimentary cover led to the saturation of the latter with iron, aluminum, and silica, which suggests extraction of metals in the form of salts from magmatic melts into an ore-bearing fluid.
The Akhunovo–Petropavlovsk Granitoid Area as a Continental-Margin Center of the Long-Term Mantle–Crust Interaction: The Role of Subductional and Rift–Plume Sources
Authors: Kholodnov V.V. , Shagalov E.S. , Kallistov G.A. , Shardakova G.Yu. , Salikhov D.N. , Konovalova E.V.
Published: June 2021

—The Akhunovo–Petropavlovsk area of the late Paleozoic granite magmatism is located in the northeast of the Magnitogorsk megazone (MMZ) in the South Urals. It is a series of successively intruded rocks (Petropavlovsk, Akhunovo, Karagai, and Uiskii Bor intrusions) differing not only in composition, the depth of formation, and ore content but also in the relationship with magmatic and fluid sources and in magma generation mechanisms. This area differs significantly in the number and composition of intrusive complexes from the igneous rocks and ore associations in the central and western parts of the MMZ. The granite magmatism pulses alternated with the collisional shearing/spreading and rifting stages. The Petropavlovsk mesoabyssal granite intrusion (347.0 ± 8.6 Ma) formed at the early stage of the area evolution. Its rocks are similar in composition to a suprasubductional series (melting products of a mantle source enriched not only in water fluid but also in Cl). Later (310–306 Ma), at the collision–compression stage, crustal intrusion of the Akhunovo–Karagai granodiorite–granite complex took place. The intruded rocks are similar to the Middle Urals continental-margin gabbro-tonalite–grano-diorite–granite plutons (320–290 Ma) bearing large gold–sulfide–quartz deposits (Berezovskoe etc.). At the final stage of the area evolution, during the transition from continental-margin regime to hard collision between the East European and Kazakhstan continents (late Carboniferous) and the intense shearing/spreading deformations, the Uiskii Bor granosyenite–granite intrusion (304.0 ± 4.8 Ma) rich in K and HFSE formed. Granite intrusions of this type have been revealed in the MMZ for the first time. Thus, the granitoid complexes of the Akhunovo–Petropavlovsk area formed under changes in geodynamic settings and are characterized by different compositions, depths of occurrence, and genesis. This permits us to consider the area a typical continental-margin center of the long-term mantle–crust interaction, where magma generation proceeded at different mantle and crust levels, with the participation of both suprasubductional and enriched plume-related rift sources.
Petrogenesis of the Despen Volcanic Rocks of the Middle–Late Ordovician Volcanoplutonic Association of the Tannu-Ola Terrane (Southwestern Tuva)
Authors: Vetrov E.V. , Uvarov A.N. , Vetrova N.I. , Letnikov F.A. , Vishnevskaya I.A. , Zhimulev F.I. , Andreeva E.S. , Chervyakovskaya M.V.
Published: June 2021

––We have studied the structure and composition of a volcanic unit in the valley of the Despen River, on the southern slope of the East Tannu-Ola Ridge. The unit was earlier assigned to the Lower Devonian Kendei Formation. The new geological and geochronological data show that it resulted from explosive volcanism at 460–450 Ma. The Despen volcanic rocks formed in association with granitoids of the Argolik complex at the end of the accretion–collision stage of evolution of the Altai–Sayan region, in particular, the Tannu-Ola terrane. These are predominantly felsic ferroan metaluminous and weakly peraluminous nappe volcanic rocks resulted from the differentiation of tholeiitic basalts. Their REE patterns, like those of the Argolik granitoids, are flat in the HREE, show a distinct Eu anomaly, and suggest magma generation at shallow depths in the upper crust. The magmatic source was of subduction origin, as evidenced by the negative Ta–Nb anomalies in the multielement patterns and by εNd(T) = +3.1 to +5.6, and has a Neoproterozoic model age, TNd(DM-2st) = 0.94–0.69 Ga.
Care-focused Feminism, Care Ethics, and Feminine Artistry in Willa Cather’s The Professor’s House
Authors:   Associate Professor, College of Creative Future Talent, Daejin University, Pocheon-si, South Korea., Byun Hyojeong
Published: June 2021

Willa Cather’s The Professor’s House dismantles feminine behaviors, as Cather ascribes new meaning to her marginalized female characters’ independent acts and depicts male characters being saved by women. Cather’s care and care ethics are based on human relations; they highlight empathy, responsibility, acceptance, and emotion-based practice. She accordingly shows sincere care and acts in the spirit of salvation for the characters’ surroundings, culture, and society through marginalized figures such as Augusta, Mother Eve, and Tom. These are examples of alternative caregivers who develop a connection-based relationship through their sincerity and attentiveness and cultural and social care. In their care, we observe a spirit of self-sacrifice and the possibility of a true bond between them and others and their communities. This article conveys Cather’s capacity for serving as a conduit for healing and solidarity and proves her visionary force of care practice.
Health and Healing: Retention of the Popularity of Ashtavaidya Tradition during the Colonial Regime
Authors:   Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, BITS Pilani (Hyderabad Campus)., Vinai Maya
Published: June 2021

During the early 19th century, health and medical care was one of the avenues of contestations whereby the British Raj sought to establish their hegemony. With the introduction of western epistemic framework, allopathic medicine became the official medical system of British India. Licenses, charters, permits and acts, colonial hospitals and doctors came together to disparage the indigenous system of medicine and healthcare. Assailed as using “unscientific Oriental procedures’ several folk healers lost their traditional practice and livelihood. However, amidst all these colossal manoeuvres, the popularity and relevance of the Ashtavaidya tradition, practiced by eighteen Namboodiri families in Kerala remained unscathed. The medical practices customized by the Ashtavaidyans who themselves were an “outcaste” within the Namboodiri community was highly codified and has remained a closely guarded secret within their lineage. This essay probes into the multiple reasons behind how the Ashtavaidya tradition retained its relevance, despite the colonial gambit to repudiate the indigenous practices. Through the legends and mythical stories woven around the healing practices of Ashtavaidyans in Aithihyamala by the court scribe of 19th century, Kottarathil Sankunni, the essay argues that the relevance of the Ashtavaidyans could be due to the transformation of Ashtavaidya tradition as markers of cultural pride and the popular image generated by various myths and legends that got registered in the public consciousness.
Beauplaisir as a Disabled Libertine in Eliza Haywood’s Fantomina; or Love in a Maze
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Chueh Difeng
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to explore Beauplaisir’s disabled libertine identity in Eliza Haywood’s Fantomina; or Love in a Maze (1725) in order to understand how “disability” was conceptualized by eighteenth-century authors. Beauplaisir is a libertine obsessed with pursuits of sexual pleasure with various women. In those sexual adventures, Beauplaisir constructs his abled libertine identity through his observation skills. In fact, Beauplaisir’s observation skills also render him disabled. Haywood’s portrayal of Beauplaisir’s disabled libertine identity offers another way to examine meanings of disability in eighteenth-century literary works. As I will contend, the definition of “disability” was not limited to a person’s physical or mental impairment in the eighteenth century. Instead, an eighteenth-century person could become disabled when s/he lost certain qualifications for becoming a member of a particular group. The word “disabled” or “disability” was used in this way by eighteenth-century writers such as Samuel Johnson and Jonathan Swift. As I will show, Beauplaisir’s disabled libertine identity is a result of his being excluded from the abled libertine group. This exclusion results from a trick imposed on him by Fantomina. Thus, examinations of Beauplaisir’s disabled libertine identity will point out another side of “disability.”
Defining Hindustani Raga Musicians and Their Relative Intra-Statuses: An Analytical Study
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Music, University of Hyderabad., Pyasi Pragya , Bandopadhyay Sanjoy ,   Department of Music, Sikkim University.
Published: June 2021

Two very widely used terms, ‘musicians’ and the ‘musicians’ statuses’, are commonly applied labels across the music fraternity, where Hindustani Raga Music [HRM] is no exception. In HRM, there are no objectively laid definitions of these two expressions. In different music cultures, musicians’ statuses were seen from the societal, economic, and based on the roles played in music production and rendering. The intra-status, a musicians’ relative position within the same group, is not clearly defined. The formal texts of HRM also do not categorically define a musician. In India, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, people use the words vAggeyakAr, kalAvant, mirAsI, kasbi, AtAi, zauqI, and others, but these terms do not categorize musicians within the periphery of a specific musician’s close circuit; these words do not point to intra-status. The current investigation used the DELPHI method to find some objective answers to defining musicians and their intra-status. The HRM Experts from different parts of the world with an average HRM association of 39.11 years joined this investigation. The research exercise systematically generated an objective definition of HRM musician and suggested methods for defining HRM musicians’ statuses.
Chimeric Virus-like Particles of Universal Antigen Epitopes of Coronavirus and Phage Qβ Coat Protein Trigger the Production of Neutralizing Antibodies
Authors: Guo Yukun , Guo Ruizhen , Ma Yingxian , Chang Wenru , Ming Shengli , Yang Guoyu , Guo Yujie
Published: June 2021

Background:

Virus-like Particles (VLPs) are non-genetic multimeric nanoparticles synthesized
through in vitro or in vivo self-assembly of one or more viral structural proteins. Immunogenicity
and safety of VLPs make them ideal candidates for vaccine development and efficient
nanocarriers for foreign antigens or adjuvants to activate the immune system.

Aims:

The present study aimed to design and synthesize a chimeric VLP vaccine of the phage Qbeta
(Qβ) coat protein presenting the universal epitope of the coronavirus.

Methods:

The RNA phage Qβ coat protein was designed and synthesized, denoted as Qbeta. The
CoV epitope, a universal epitope of coronavirus, was inserted into the C-terminal of Qbeta using
genetic recombination, designated as Qbeta-CoV. The N-terminal of Qbeta-CoV was successively
inserted into the TEV restriction site using mCherry red fluorescent label and modified affinity purified
histidine label 6xHE, which was denoted as HE-Qbeta-CoV. Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside
(IPTG) assessment revealed the expression of Qbeta, Qbeta-CoV, and HE-Qbeta-CoV in
the BL21 (DE3) cells. The fusion protein was purified by salting out using ammonium sulfate and
affinity chromatography. The morphology of particles was observed using electron microscopy.
The female BALB/C mice were immunized intraperitoneally with the Qbeta-CoV and HE-Qbeta--
CoV chimeric VLPs vaccines and their sera were collected for the detection of antibody level and
antibody titer using ELISA. The serum is used for the neutralization test of the three viruses of
MHV, PEDV, and PDCoV.

Results:

The results revealed that the fusion proteins Qbeta, Qbeta-CoV, and HE-Qbeta-CoV could
all obtain successful expression. Particles with high purity were obtained after purification; the
chimeric particles of Qbeta-CoV and HE-Qbeta-CoV were found to be similar to Qbeta particles in
morphology and formed chimeric VLPs. In addition, two chimeric VLP vaccines induced specific
antibody responses in mice and the antibodies showed certain neutralizing activity.

Conclusion:

The successful construction of the chimeric VLPs of the phage Qβ coat protein presenting
the universal epitope of coronavirus provides a vaccine form with potential clinical applications
for the treatment of coronavirus disease.
Effect of Different Alcoholic Beverages on Human Glioblastoma Cell Lines
Authors: Sheikh Sumbla , Sturzu Alexander , Nägele Thomas , Ernemann Ulrike , Heckl Stefan
Published: June 2021

Background:

Anecdotal reports from neurosurgeons have suggested that glioblastoma
patients that consumed moderate amounts of alcoholic beverages after glioblastoma surgery presented
with improved vitality.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate if any evidence for these anecdotal reports can be reproduced
experimentally. Furthermore, we studied the effects of different alcoholic beverages on glioblastoma
cells.

Methods:

GOS-3 glioblastoma cells and PC3 prostate carcinoma cells as control were incubated with
beer, red wine, white wine, vodka, and whiskey at different concentrations. Membrane disruption by
acute cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction was evaluated via Annexin-V-FITC flow cytometry and
confocal laser scanning microscopy. Long-term effects on cell proliferation were studied by the XTT
test.

Results:

There was no increased membrane disruption even at physiologically high alcohol concentrations
of 1%. Cell proliferation was significantly inhibited by vodka and beer. Among the wines,
the white wine caused slight proliferation inhibition in GOS-3 glioblastoma cells while inducing
slightly enhanced proliferation in PC3 prostate cancer cells. After these first results, the study was
expanded to more different brands of vodka and additional white and red wines from different
grapes. While confirming the initial results, no additional differences between the different brands of
vodka were observed. In the wine investigations, all the wines showed inhibition of cell proliferation
during long-term incubation of three different glioblastoma cell lines. Consistently, the inhibition
from red wines was lower than the inhibition from white and rosé wines.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, alcoholic beverages at concentrations used during the normal ingestion
have both cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects on glioblastoma cells in vitro which could not be
found in the controls with pure ethanol.
Functional Characteristics Improvement of Edible Film through Addition of Gambier and Bay Leaf Extract
Authors: Santoso Budi , Dwiyanti Reni , Wijaya Agus , Priyanto Gatot , Hermanto  , Syaiful Friska
Published: June 2021

Background:

In this study, the composition of the functional edible film focused on local
materials was examined. However, the production of the edible film with strong capability as an
antioxidant and antimicrobe has not been successful. Therefore, the incorporation of one or more
functional compounds such as gambier and bay leaf extract into canna starch is a possible solution.

Objective:

These compounds work in synergy to improve the functional characteristics of edible
film. Furthermore, the film should have mechanical characteristics which satisfy the Japanese
Industrial Standard (JIS) (1975), i.e. strong category.

Methods:

This study examined the effects of gambier and bay leaf extract addition on edible film
characteristics, by implementing a completely randomized design method. The two factors examined
were gambier (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 percent, w/v) and bay leaf extract (0.0, 3.0 and 6.0 percent, w/v)
addition.

Results:

The parameters observed include mechanical (thickness, elongation percentage, water vapor
transmission rate) and functional characteristics (antioxidant and antibacterial activity). The results
showed that thickness, elongation percentage and water vapor transmission rate of the functional
edible film were 0.18-0.27 mm, 7.33-9.00% and 30.43-46.07 g.m-2.d-1, respectively. While antioxidant
and antibacterial activities (value of inhibition diameter) were 23.24-40.58 mg.mL-1 and 1.33-
1.83 mm, respectively.

Conclusion:

The edible film produced in this study had a strong category of antioxidant activity with
a thickness that satisfied the JIS 1975 standard.
Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the M2 Macrophages and Exhausted T
Cells and Intratumoral Heterogeneity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Xu Lingyun , Li Chen
Published: June 2021

Background:

Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous and invasive malignancy
that is characterized by high recurrence and mortality rates as well as extremely poor prognosis.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to analyze T cells and Macrophages in the tumor microenvironment
with the aim of identifying targets with therapeutic potential.

Method:

Single-cell sequencing data of TNBC patients from the GSE118389 dataset were analyzed to examine
the immune environment and intratumoral heterogeneity of TNBC patients.

Result:

Polarized alternatively activated macrophages (M2) and exhausted CD8+ T cells were identified in
TNBC patients. Immunosuppressive checkpoint analysis revealed that levels of lymphocyte-activation gene 3
(LAG3) and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3) of exhausted T cells were
significantly higher than levels of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyteassociated
protein 4 (CTLA-4). This indicates that these markers are potential immunotherapy targets. Furthermore,
analysis of significantly altered immune cell markers showed that several markers were associated with
the prognosis of TNBC.

Conclusion:

Overall, these findings demonstrate inter-tissue heterogeneity of TNBC, and provides novel therapeutic
targets for the treatment of TNBC.
Erxian Decoction, a Famous Chinese Medicine Formula, Ameliorate Depression-
Like Behavior in Perimenopausal Mice
Authors: Zhang Lan , Li Junlong , Chen Qian , Di Lei , Li Ning
Published: June 2021

Aims:

The present study was performed in order to find out the anti-depression effect of
Erxian Decoction in perimenopausal mice.

Background:

Erxian Decoction (EXD) has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of perimenopausal
syndrome, but it has not been researched on perimenopausal depression.

Objective:

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of extraction of Erxian Decoction on perimenopausal
depressive mice.

Methods:

In this study, female ICR mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: Low, medium and
high dose of EXD groups (0.5, 1.5, and 4.5 g/kg), soy isoflavones group (250 mg/kg) and Sham
group. The mice in the Sham group received sham surgery (within ovaries), and the others were excised
with bilateral ovaries and exerted by 28-day chronic mild unpredictable stimulation for the
establishment of a perimenopausal depression model.

Results:

Behavioral tests showed that EXD could relieve depression symptoms and improve spatial
memory in mice. Western blotting showed that EXD significantly up-regulated the expression
of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Bcl-2 in hippocampus and estrogen receptors
(ERs) in the uterus and adrenals, protecting hippocampal tissue and antagonizing the symptoms of
estrogen deficiency in mice, which was further proved within a uterine morphology test. In addition,
EXD reduced the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and interleukin-
6.

Conclusion:

These results indicated that EXD can regulate hormone secretion and recover hippocampal
damage in perimenopausal depressed mice. Besides, it can antagonize the symptoms of
ovarian hormone deficiency as well as relieve perimenopausal syndrome.
Depression Discovery in Covid-19 Communities Using Deep Learning
Authors: Kalra Vaishali , Sharma Sourabh , Yadav Saloni
Published: June 2021

:

Seemingly, in the contemporary era, data is the new currency. Facing the exponential
explosion of data through its various online sources, there arises a need for the industry to tap into
this source. The art of ascribing sentiment to a piece of text is Sentiment Analysis making it relevant
to a wide array of fields. The world has witnessed assortments of a wide family of coronaviruses,
229E and NL63 being the alpha coronaviruses and OC43 & HKU1 being the beta coronaviruses. A
version of coronavirus MERS-CoV seemed to be identified in Saudi Arabia. This work focuses on
The Deep Neural Network and Natural Language processing to detect depression in COVID-19 patients,
and the model is trained with the depression labeled tagged dataset with an accuracy of 98%.
The foundation of this work shall be instrumental in aiding the doctors for the timely diagnosis and
treatment of their patients.
Dynamic Evaluation Model of the Default Risk of Online Loan Borrowers
Based on K-means and SVM
Authors: Huang Jian-Qiong , Guo Wen-Long , Lee Chou-Yuan
Published: June 2021

Objective:

With the development of Internet finance, the scale of peer-to-peer (P2P)
online lending platforms have rapidly expanded. Additionally, the phenomenon of losses among
online lending platforms and the problem of default by borrowers have emerged, greatly restricting
the healthy development of online lending platforms. Therefore, it is necessary to dynamically set
the credit rating of the borrowers according to the performance of the borrowers, and establish a
default risk evaluation model for the borrowers of the online lending platform to promote the
healthy development of the online lending platform.

Method:

This paper uses web crawler technology to obtain borrower information as the sample
data, selects 17 core variables as explanatory variables, and utilizes project status as the target
variable. First, according to the performance of the borrower, we use K-means to cluster, obtain a
dynamic credit rating by calculation and reset the rating to obtain new borrower information.
Second, we determine the optimal parameters of the support vector machine algorithm through
cross-validation and establish the best evaluation model for online loan borrowers' default risk.
Finally, we conduct experimental verification.

Results:

The classification accuracy of the proposed algorithm is better than that of decision trees
and random forest, and the classification effect is the strongest.

Conclusion:

The experimental results show that the model has good stability and generalizability,
and the research results provide dynamic decision support for early warnings of online lending
platform risk and risk prevention and control; they can thus help promote the healthy development
of online lending platforms.
Interpreting digital licensing contracts between a metaphorical and functional direction: A comparative analytical study
Authors:   Department of Law, College of Business Administration, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia, Azab Rania S.
Published: June 2021

This study seeks to clarify the importance of explaining the type of digital license contracts to see if it can continue subjecting them to the metaphorical direction that adopts the direction of applying the traditional rules to this types of contract or must it be subject to the functional direction that adopts the necessity of establishing independent legal rules in the theory of contracts in Egypt. The problem of the user not reading the contract terms is still there. Although consumers do not read the terms of digital licensing contracts, some jurisprudence in the US often insist that it must be the exchange of consent must take place that the offeree must see the terms and conditions before assenting in some sort of this contracts, this differs from the nature of digital licensing contracts and the way they are contracted. It is right that the consumers discover in some the types of contracts do not express the consent by the traditional way in the contract but are subject to specific instructions set by the site, due to the inability to read and understand the terms of the contract, but rather that in some types of digital licensing contracts the consumers are not aware to be a party to a contract according to the traditional concept of contract theory. Legal recognition is important by the Egyptian and Arab legislations in the role of technical and digital in regulations next to the contract and the law (functional direction) which can contribute to help the user to read the terms of use, we must make use of digital technology to fulfill the function of the contract, which aims to create obligations on both parties, businesses and the user. The following questions were analyzed: Is it possible an individual can enter into a contract without realizing it on the internet? Is the individual obligated to contractual terms that he did not read and understand? How can the provisions of the traditional contract be applied to digital licensing contracts? Then I concluded the necessity of enacting new legal rules that regulate digital licensing contracts within Egyptian legislation.
Game Design in Mental Health Care: Case Study–Based Framework for Integrating Game Design Into Therapeutic Content
Authors: Siriaraya Panote , Visch Valentijn , Boffo Marilisa , Spijkerman Renske , Wiers Reinout , Korrelboom Kees , Hendriks Vincent , Salemink Elske , van Dooren Marierose , Bas Michael , Goossens Richard
Published: June 2021

While there has been increasing interest in the use of gamification in mental health care, there is a lack of design knowledge on how elements from games could be integrated into existing therapeutic treatment activities in a manner that is balanced and effective. To help address this issue, we propose a design process framework to support the development of mental health gamification. Based on the concept of experienced game versus therapy worlds, we highlight 4 different therapeutic components that could be gamified to increase user engagement. By means of a Dual-Loop model, designers can balance the therapeutic and game design components and design the core elements of a mental health care gamification. To support the proposed framework, 4 cases of game design in mental health care (eg, therapeutic protocols for addiction, anxiety, and low self-esteem) are presented.
An Evaluation Service for Digital Public Health Interventions: User-Centered Design Approach
Authors: Karpathakis Kassandra , Libow Gene , Potts Henry W W , Dixon Simon , Greaves Felix , Murray Elizabeth
Published: June 2021

Background

Digital health interventions (DHIs) have the potential to improve public health by combining effective interventions and population reach. However, what biomedical researchers and digital developers consider an effective intervention differs, thereby creating an ongoing challenge to integrating their respective approaches when evaluating DHIs.

Objective

This study aims to report on the Public Health England (PHE) initiative set out to operationalize an evaluation framework that combines biomedical and digital approaches and demonstrates the impact, cost-effectiveness, and benefit of DHIs on public health.

Methods

We comprised a multidisciplinary project team including service designers, academics, and public health professionals and used user-centered design methods, such as qualitative research, engagement with end users and stakeholders, and iterative learning. The iterative approach enabled the team to sequentially define the problem, understand user needs, identify opportunity areas, develop concepts, test prototypes, and plan service implementation. Stakeholders, senior leaders from PHE, and a working group critiqued the outputs.

Results

We identified 26 themes and 82 user needs from semistructured interviews (N=15), expressed as 46 Jobs To Be Done, which were then validated across the journey of evaluation design for a DHI. We identified seven essential concepts for evaluating DHIs: evaluation thinking, evaluation canvas, contract assistant, testing toolkit, development history, data hub, and publish health outcomes. Of these, three concepts were prioritized for further testing and development, and subsequently refined into the proposed PHE Evaluation Service for public health DHIs. Testing with PHE’s Couch-to-5K app digital team confirmed the viability, desirability, and feasibility of both the evaluation approach and the Evaluation Service.

Conclusions

An iterative, user-centered design approach enabled PHE to combine the strengths of academic and biomedical disciplines with the expertise of nonacademic and digital developers for evaluating DHIs. Design-led methodologies can add value to public health settings. The subsequent service, now known as Evaluating Digital Health Products, is currently in use by health bodies in the United Kingdom and is available to others for tackling the problem of evaluating DHIs pragmatically and responsively.
A Sociodemographic Profile of Mask Use During the COVID-19 Outbreak Among Young and Elderly Individuals in Brazil: Online Survey Study
Authors: Vancini Rodrigo L , Camargo-Neto Luiz , Andrade Marilia S , de Lira Claudio A , dos Santos Rafaela G , Nikolaidis Pantelis T , Knechtle Beat , Piacezzi Luiz HV , Teixeira-Lopes Maria CB , Assayag-Batista Ruth E , Pinto-Okuno Meiry F , Vancini-Campanharo Cássia R
Published: June 2021

Background

Sociodemographic variables may impact decision making regarding safety measures. The use and selection of adequate face masks is a safety and health measure that could help minimize the spread of COVID-19 infection.

Objective

This study aims to examine sociodemographic variables and factors relating to COVID-19 that could impact decision making or the choice to use or not use face masks in the prevention and care of a possible COVID-19 infection among a large sample of younger and older Brazilian people.

Methods

An online survey composed of 14 closed-ended questions about sociodemographic variables and COVID-19 was used. A total of 2673 participants consisted of Brazilian people (aged ≥18 years) from different states of Brazil and were grouped according to age (≤59 years and ≥60 years). To compare the variables of interest (associated with wearing a face mask or not), chi-square and likelihood ratio tests were used (with P<.05 being significant).

Results

Most of the participants in both groups were women from the southeast region who had postgraduate degrees. Approximately 61% (1452/2378) of individuals aged ≤59 years and 67.8% (200/295) of those aged ≥60 years were not health professionals. In the group aged ≤59 years, 83.4% (1983/2378) did not show COVID-19 signs and symptoms, and 97.3% (2314/2378) were not diagnosed with COVID-19. In the older adult group, 92.5% (273/295) did not show signs and symptoms of COVID-19, and 98.3% (290/295) were not diagnosed with the disease. The majority of the participants in both groups reported using face masks, and their decision to use face masks was influenced by the level of education and their occupation as a health professional.

Conclusions

Younger and older adults have worn face masks during the COVID-19 outbreak. It is difficult to measure how much of a positive impact this attitude, habit, and behavior could have on the degree of infection and spread of the disease. However, it can be a positive indicator of adherence to the population’s security and safety measures during the pandemic.
The Price Dispersion of Consumer Products
Authors: Kaldasch Joachim , Koursovitis Antonios
Published: June 2021

Presented is an analytic dynamic model of the price dispersion of consumer products. The theory is based on the idea that sellers offer product units for a profit maximizing price, denoted pm. Product units not sold at pm are called excess units. Based on the conservation equation of offered units, it can be shown that the stationary price distribution of consumer products consists of a Dirac-delta peak at pm surrounded by a fat-tailed Laplace distribution from the excess units. A good quantitative agreement with empirical data can be obtained with a fit of the two free parameters of the theory.
Correlación entre las fórmulas de medición de filtrado glomerular Cockcroft- Gault, MDRD-4 y CKD-EPI, y la depuración de creatinina de 24 horas
Authors: Navarro Guarnizo Edgar Felipe , Zamora Suarez Adriana , Ceron Tapia Harvey Ricardo
Published: June 2021

Introducción:es evidente que en los últimos tiempos la pirámide poblacional ha tenido cambios significativos, siendo cada vez más estrecha su base. El aumento en el número de personas adultas mayores trae consigo nuevos retos a nivel del ámbito médico, tales como la adaptación y la adecuación de fórmulas y parámetros que permitan prestar una atención medica eficiente y efectiva. De este modo, la determinación de la tasa de filtración glomerular se vuelve un parámetro de vital importancia dada su relación con el aumento del riesgo cardiovascular y la morbilidad general en este grupo de pacientes.
Objetivo: comparar las diferentes fórmulas para calcular la tasa de filtrado glomerular con el estándar diagnóstico de depuración de creatinina de 24 horas en pacientes mayores de 85 años de edad, sin enfermedad renal crónica conocida, a fin de establecer la mejor correlación entre las fórmulas MDRD, CKD-EPI y Cockcroft-Gault.
Materiales y métodos: estudio prospectivo, observacional, descriptivo y transversal realizado en 25 pacientes que ingresaron al servicio de Geriatría del Hospital Juárez de México entre Junio de 2017 y Junio de 2018. Al ingreso se midieron los niveles séricos de creatinina, se recolectó la orina de 24 horas y se realizaron los diferentes cálculos de tasa de filtrado con las fórmulas MDRD, CKD-EPI y Cockcroft-Gault.
Resultados: la tasa de filtrado glomerular promedio medida por depuración de creatinina en 24 horas fue 48,35 mL/min/1,73 m2; según la fórmula de Cockcroft-Gault, 41,49 mL/min/1,73 m2; según MDRD, 64,98 mL/min/1,73 m2, y según CKD-EPI, 57,0 mL/min/1,73 m2, siendo significativamente menores estas dos últimas. De esta forma, se estableció que hay una correlación directa entre los distintos tipos de fórmulas; sin embargo, la que tiene mayor poder estadístico y reciprocidad es la Cockcroft-Gault, siendo estadísticamente significativa.
Conclusión:en pacientes mayores de 85 años de edad las estimaciones medidas por las diferentes tasas de filtrado glomerular no son intercambiables, pero la fórmula Cockcroft-Gault tiene gran ventaja al mostrar resultados estadísticamente significativos (p< 0,05); sin embargo, es necesario realizar estudios más amplios en población geriátrica para tener una estimación más precisa.
Toxoplasmosis cerebral luego de un trasplante renal
Authors: Cabarcas Omar , Pérez Rafael , Navarro Quiroz Elkin , Pernett Martínez Luis Alfredo
Published: June 2021

Se reporta el caso de un paciente masculino de 29 años con antecedente de diabetes mellitus tipo 1, con enfermedad renal crónica estadio 5 secundaria a enfermedad renal diabética que requirió de trasplante renal de donante vivo en el año 2018 y en tratamiento inmunosupresor con prednisolona, tacrolimus y micofenolato desde dicho procedimiento, quien ingresó al servicio de urgencias por crisis epiléptica focal con generalización secundaria. El enfoque diagnóstico de toxoplasmosis cerebral en pacientes inmunocomprometidos es un reto clínico debido a la gran variabilidad de signos y síntomas asociados en esta población y a la alta frecuencia de complicaciones, lo cual puede confundir el diagnostico.
ILHAS DE CALOR E CONFORTO TÉRMICO NA CIDADE DE SALVADOR-BA
Authors: Carlos Ferreira Bárbara , Dos Santos Oliveira Laila , Luiz Dantas Estevam André
Published: June 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os fatores atuantes para a formação das ilhas de calor na cidade de Salvador. Essa pesquisa analisou os impactos da urbanização para ocorrência deste fenômeno. Como as ilhas de calor estimulam o stress térmico positivo nas pessoas e residências no sitio urbano repercutindo-se diretamente no conforto térmico. Estes fenômenos consistem em anomalias térmicas no clima urbano oriundos do processo de intensificação das construções e a substituição de áreas arborizadas por zonas de concreto e asfalto. Essas anomalias térmicas desencadeiam alterações bruscas no microclima da metrópole. O método de abordagem consistiu na análise de diversas literaturas como artigos, teses e dissertações com ênfase para o tema. Foi gerado o Mapa de Uso dos Solos e Vegetações, importante instrumento para a análise das temperaturas das superfícies e sua repercussão sobre a atmosfera e seus reflexos sobre a sensação térmica nas pessoas sobretudo no período de novembro a fevereiro na cidade de Salvador.
The Frequency of Emergence Delirium in Children Undergoing Outpatient Anaesthesia for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Karasu Derya , Karaca Umran , Ozgunay Seyda Efsun , Yilmaz Canan , Yetik Ferit , Ozkaya Guven
Published: June 2021

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect on the
occurrence of emergence delirium of propofol and ketofol with intranasal
dexmedetomidine and midazolam applied as premedication to paediatric
patients during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: The study
included children aged 2-10 years who received sedation for MRI,
separated into four groups. Group MP received intranasal midazolam (0.2
mg/kg) for premedication and IV propofol (1 mg/kg) as the anaesthetic
agent. Group MK received intranasal midazolam (0.2 mg/kg) for
premedication and IV ketofol (1 mg/kg) as the anaesthetic agent. Group
DP received intranasal dexmedetomidine (1 mcg/kg) for premedication and
IV propofol (1 mg/kg) as the anaesthetic agent. Group DK received
intranasal dexmedetomidine (1 mcg/kg) for premedication and IV ketofol
(1 mg/kg) as the anaesthetic agent. The Paediatric Anaesthesia Emergence
Delirium (PAED) scale was used to evaluate delirium. A PAED score ≥ 10
was accepted as delirium. Results: The need for additional anaesthetic
was highest in Group DP at 94.3% and lowest in Group DK at 14.3%. The
mean Aldrete and PAED scores were lower and the length of stay in the
recovery room was shorter in Group DP than in the other groups. Delirium
only developed in two patients in Group MP (5.7%) at 5 mins after
anaesthesia. Conclusion: In our study, delirium was seen at a very low
rate only in the Group MP and it is difficult to say the best
combination in terms of delirium frequency with this result.
A First Case Report Of Mcardle Disease And Alive Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Danis Ramazan , Kılıc Jehat , KILIÇ Delyadıl Karakaş , günay emrah , ay nurettin , Yüksel Enver , Kaya Sedat , Bozaco Ayşe Ergul
Published: June 2021

McArdle disease (Glycogen storage disease type V, GSDV ) is an inherited
disorder of glycogen metabolism affecting only skeletal muscles. A
56-year-old male patient with McArdle disease had the symptoms such as
fatigue, muscle weakness since he was 8 years old in his history. A
Pre-emptive kidney transplant from his wife was performed on the patient
who has gone through rhabdomyolysis attacks during his life period. As
far as known, this is the first case in the literature. We aim to share
this process before and after the transplantation.