bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Central sleep apnea: misunderstood and mistreated!
Authors: Dempsey Jerome A.
Published: June 2019

Central sleep apnea is prevalent in patients with heart failure, healthy individuals at high altitudes, and chronic opiate users and in the initiation of “mixed” (that is, central plus obstructive apneas). This brief review focuses on (a) the causes of repetitive, cyclical central apneas as mediated primarily through enhanced sensitivities in the respiratory control system and (b) treatment of central sleep apnea through modification of key components of neurochemical control as opposed to the current universal use of positive airway pressure.
Smoking cessation programmes for women living in disadvantaged communities, “We Can Quit 2”: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Burke Emma , Dobbie Fiona , Dougall Nadine , Adebolu Oluwaseun Mary , Mockler David , Vance Joanne , O'Connell Nicola , Darker Catherine D. , Bauld Linda , Hayes Catherine
Published: June 2019

Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in Ireland with almost 6,000 smokers dying each year from smoking-related diseases. Amongst younger Irish women, smoking rates are considerably higher in those from socially disadvantaged areas compared to women from affluent areas. Women from poorer areas also experience higher rates of lung cancer. To our knowledge, there are no peer reviewed published systematic reviews on the effectiveness of interventions tailored to reduce smoking rates in women from disadvantaged areas. This systematic review protocol will aim to examine the effectiveness of such interventions and to describe trial processes such as recruitment, follow-up and dropout prevention strategies, as well as barriers and enablers of successful implementation.   

A systematic review will be conducted of peer-reviewed randomised controlled trials and associated process evaluations of smoking cessation interventions designed for women living in socially disadvantaged areas. If the search returns, less than five studies are review criteria will expand to include quasi-experimental studies. A number of databases of scholarly literature will be searched from inception using a detailed search strategy. Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts and full-text articles to identify relevant studies using a pre-defined checklist based on PICOS. In the case of disagreement, a third reviewer will be consulted. The quality of included studies will be assessed using the ‘Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation’ (GRADE) criteria. Quantitative data will be extracted and, if comparable, will be assessed using meta-analysis. A narrative meta-synthesis of qualitative data will be conducted.  

This review aims to synthesise information from relevant studies on smoking cessation interventions tailored for women from socially disadvantaged areas. The evidence obtained from studies and presented in this review will help guide future research in this area.

Registration: This review will be registered with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO).
Preliminary results of simultaneous recording of auroral and geomagnetic pulsations at the ISTP SB RAS station Istok
Authors: Белецкий Александр , Beletsky Aleksandr , Рахматулин Равиль , Rakhmatulin Ravil , Сыренова Татьяна , Syrenova Tatyana , Васильев Роман , Vasilyev Roman , Михалев Александр , Mikhalev Aleksandr , Пашинин Александр , Pashinin Aleksandr , Шиокава К. , Shiokawa K. , Нишитани Н. , Nishitani N.
Published: June 2019

The paper presents the results on first synchronous observations of variations in auroral luminosity and geomagnetic field, made with high temporal resolution at the ISTP SB RAS high-latitude station Istok (70° N, 88° E) in September–December 2018. Auroras were recorded with all-sky camera, pulsations in the auroras were recorded by a photometer in four spectral ranges with silicon photomultipliers. Continuous monitoring of geomagnetic pulsations was performed using a LEMI-30 three-component induction magnetometer.

Both synchronous bursts of auroras and magnetic field pulsations, as well as disturbances of auroras, not accompanied by disturbances in the geomagnetic field, were observed. We note that the photometer clearly recorded short-period (~20 min) variations in in auroral luminosity. At the same time, some instability of the photometer signal level occurred at sufficiently long time intervals.

In the photometer data, there are powerful signal bursts, probably of a hardware nature. Nevertheless, the temporary distribution analysis of the registration moments (registration frequency) of signal bursts indicates the possible dependence of the burst registration frequency on the geomagnetic activity level.
Geomagnetic disturbances at F1-layer heights under different solar activity conditions over Norilsk
Authors: Кушнаренко Галина , Kushnarenko Galina , Яковлева Ольга , Yakovleva Olga , Кузнецова Галина , Kuznetsova Galina
Published: June 2019

We analyze the influence of geomagnetic disturbances on the electron density Ne at Norilsk ionospheric station (69° N; 88° E) at F1-layer heights (120–200 km). For the analysis, we have selected 25 moderate and weak geomagnetic disturbances for two seasons — spring and fall — of 2003–2014. Using the Ne values obtained from measurements made with the Norilsk digisonde during this period, we analyze Ne variations during geomagnetic disturbances in spring and fall for a long period of time. We determine the effect of spring-fall asymmetry occurring in all solar activity phases and manifesting itself in a significant decrease in the electron density during the main phase of fall storms at all heights in comparison with quiet days: up to 2.6 times at a height of 200 km and slightly less at lower heights. This phenomenon is not observed during spring disturbances: Ne variations are much weaker.
Studying 630 nm atomic oxygen emission sources during strong magnetic storms in the night mid-latitude ionosphere
Authors: Леонович Людмила , Leonovich Lyudmila , Тащилин Анатолий , Tashchilin Anatoliy , Лунюшкин Сергей , Lunyushkin Sergey , Караваев Юрий , Karavaev Yuriy , Пенских Юрий , Penskikh Yury
Published: June 2019

We analyze significant increases in 630 nm atomic oxygen night emissions during very strong geomagnetic storms, using optical measurements, theoretical modeling, and magnetogram inversion technique (MIT) data. It is shown that during strong magnetic storms when electron precipitation equatorial boundary at the night sector expands up to ~40°, the interaction of energetic electron flux with thermospheric components may cause extreme increases in the 630 nm emission intensity. Model calculations of the red line intensity show good agreement with observational data. Using the November 20, 2003 magnetic storm as an example, we have found that oxygen atom collisions with thermal Maxwell and superthermal electrons make a major contribution to the integral emission intensity. Thermospheric density variations during the magnetic storm significantly affect the red line generation.
Observations of small-scale energetic events in the solar transition region: explosive events, UV bursts, and network jets
Authors: Чжэнхуа Хуан , Zhenghua Huang , Бо Ли , Bo Li , Лидун Ся , Lidong Xia
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we review observational aspects of three common small-scale energetic events in the solar transition region (TR), namely TR explosive events, ultraviolet bursts and jets. These events are defined in either (both) spectral or (and) imaging data. The development of multiple instruments capable of observing the TR has allowed researchers to gain numerous insights into these phenomena in recent years. These events have provided a proxy to study how mass and energy are transported between the solar chromosphere and the corona. As the physical mechanisms responsible for these small-scale events might be similar to the mechanisms responsible for large-scale phenomena, such as flares and coronal mass ejections, analysis of these events could also help our understanding of the solar atmosphere from small to large scales. The observations of these small-scale energetic events demonstrate that the TR is extremely dynamic and is a crucial layer in the solar atmosphere between the chromosphere and the corona.
Ionospheric effects of two solar flares in the maximum of solar cycle 23 and in the minimum of solar cycle 24
Authors: Смирнов Владимир , Smirnov Vladimir , Смирнова Елена , Smirnova Elena
Published: June 2019

Using data from the GPS and GLONASS navigation satellite systems, we analyze the responses of the mid-latitude ionosphere to the extreme solar flares that occurred at the maximum of solar cycle 23 (October 28, 2003) and at the minimum of solar cycle 24 (September 6, 2017) during the same season at close solar zenith angles. To obtain the response, we use the rate of change of the total electronic content, which is practically independent of characteristics of equipment and is determined only by parameters of a propagation medium (the ionosphere in our case). The ionospheric response is shown to be almost independent of the total duration of the flare. In both cases, the duration of the main response at a level of 0.5 is about 1.5–2 min, whereas the total duration of the response is about 10 min and fairly independent of solar flare importance.
COMPARISON OF SALT BATH PREOXIDATION AND AIR PREOXIDATION FOR SALT BATH NITRIDING
Authors: Mei Wenchen , Wu Jiqiang , Dai Mingyang , Wei Kunxia , Hu Jing
Published: June 2019

Salt bath preoxidation was primarily conducted prior to salt bath nitriding, and the effect on salt bath nitriding was compared with that of conventional air preoxidation. Characterization of the modified surface layer was made by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), micro-hardness tester and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the salt bath preoxidation could significantly enhance the nitriding efficiency. The thickness of compound layer was increased from 13.3μm to 20.8μm by salt bath preoxidation, more than 60% higher than that by conventional air preoxidation under the same salt bath nitriding parameters of 560℃ and 120min. Meanwhile, higher cross-section hardness and thicker effective hardening layer were obtained by salt bath preoxidation, and the enhancement mechanism of salt bath preoxidation was discussed.
Contents
Authors: AMS Editorial
Published: June 2019

Research papers
Emergency Transfers: An Important Predictor of Adverse Outcomes in Hospitalized Children
Authors: Hussain Farah S , Sosa Tina , Ambroggio Lilliam , Gallagher Regan , Brady Patrick W
Published: June 2019

In‐hospital arrests are uncommon in pediatrics, making it difficult to identify the risk factors for unrecognized deterioration and to determine the effectiveness of rapid response systems. An emergency transfer (ET) is a transfer from an acute care floor to an intensive care unit (ICU) where the patient received intubation, inotropes, or ≥3 fluid boluses in the first hour after arrival or before transfer. Improvement science work has reduced ETs, but ETs have not been validated against important health outcomes. This case–control study aimed to determine the predictive validity of an ET for outcomes in a free‐standing children's hospital. Controls were matched in terms of age, hospital unit, and time of year. Patients who experienced an ET had a significantly higher likelihood of in‐hospital mortality (22% vs 9%), longer ICU length of stay (4.9 vs 2.2 days), and longer posttransfer length of stay (26.4 vs 14.7 days) compared with controls (P < .03 for each).
Enhanced release of calcium phosphate additives from bioresorbable orthopaedic devices using irradiation technology is non-beneficial in a rabbit model
Authors: Palmer I. , Clarke S. A. , Buchanan F. J
Published: June 2019

Objectives

Bioresorbable orthopaedic devices with calcium phosphate (CaP) fillers are commercially available on the assumption that increased calcium (Ca) locally drives new bone formation, but the clinical benefits are unknown. Electron beam (EB) irradiation of polymer devices has been shown to enhance the release of Ca. The aims of this study were to: 1) establish the biological safety of EB surface-modified bioresorbable devices; 2) test the release kinetics of CaP from a polymer device; and 3) establish any subsequent beneficial effects on bone repair in vivo.

Methods

ActivaScrew Interference (Bioretec Ltd, Tampere, Finland) and poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) orthopaedic screws containing 10 wt% β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) underwent EB treatment. In vitro degradation over 36 weeks was investigated by recording mass loss, pH change, and Ca release. Implant performance was investigated in vivo over 36 weeks using a lapine femoral condyle model. Bone growth and osteoclast activity were assessed by histology and enzyme histochemistry.

Results

Calcium release doubled in the EB-treated group before returning to a level seen in untreated samples at 28 weeks. Extensive bone growth was observed around the perimeter of all implant types, along with limited osteoclastic activity. No statistically significant differences between comparative groups was identified.

Conclusion

The higher than normal dose of EB used for surface modification did not adversely affect tissue response around implants in vivo. Surprisingly, incorporation of β-TCP and the subsequent accelerated release of Ca had no significant effect on in vivo implant performance, calling into question the clinical evidence base for these commercially available devices. Cite this article: I. Palmer, S. A. Clarke, F. J Buchanan. Enhanced release of calcium phosphate additives from bioresorbable orthopaedic devices using irradiation technology is non-beneficial in a rabbit model: An animal study. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:266–274. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.86.BJR-2018-0224.R2.
VIOLÊNCIA OBSTÉTRICA À LUZ DOS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS
Authors: Santos Corina Teresa Costa Rosa
Published: June 2019

Espécie do gênero violência contra a mulher, a violência obstétrica corresponde a atentatório pré, durante ou após ao ato dar a luz, apesar do caráter vital que este encerra. Por isso mesmo, corresponde a ferimento aos direitos fundamentais atinentes à pessoa humana. Nesse sentido, este artigo traz à discussão o direito reprodutivo concernente à mulher, como parte componente do direito à saúde, que tendo no princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana, no direito a autonomia e liberdade alguns dos norteadores à sua proteção e garantia. Com esses objetivos, procura-se clarificar o objeto do tema intitulado, apontando o parto humanizado, à luz dos direitos fundamentais, como uma possível alternativa à prevenção da violência obstétrica.
O DIREITO DE TER DIREITO À CIDADE
Authors: Da Silva Lima Rebeca , De Oliveira Rios Junior Jose
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo discorrer acerca do Direito à Cidade, com foco nas estruturas de poder aquisitivo e acesso aos bens urbanísticos. Buscou-se investigar o contexto no qual os direitos são reivindicados e como manifestações públicas surgem como instrumento para o reestabelecimento desses direitos. Pretende-se contribuir para a discussão sobre acesso a bens e serviços públicos, analisando a eficiência da administração pública enquanto ferramenta de garantia desse acesso, e os possíveis impactos sociais quando há falha desse processo distributivo. Intentou-se apresentar a necessidade da reforma dos conceitos de “uma cidade para todos” e a importância de um repensar institucional para efetivamente desacelerar o crescimento das desigualdades sociais.
As Bibliotecas dos Conventos Extintos: para uma reconstituição da Livraria do Colégio de Santo António da Pedreira
Authors: Pereira Maria José Otão Silva , Bogalho Maria De Fátima
Published: June 2019

A extinção das ordens religiosas masculinas, operada por força do Decreto de 30 de maio de 1834, conduziu à desativação de um assinalável conjunto de colégios universitários que então povoavam a cidade de Coimbra. Uma das consequências mais sentidas dessa medida traduziu-se na dispersão das livrarias de todos os colégios. O facto de não terem subsistido registos inteiramente fi áveis do acervo bibliográfi co envolvido conduziu a suposições de perdas nunca totalmente comprovadas nos planos qualitativo e quantitativo. Tomando como base os inventários que então foram levados a cabo para a transferência para o Estado da livraria de um desses Colégios (o de Santo António da Pedreira), e do cotejo que foi possível efetuar com o núcleo que se encontra na Biblioteca Geral da Universidade, procura-se, neste estudo, levar por diante uma reconstituição aproximada de uma Livraria de Colégio, de média dimensão, tal como existia no primeiro terço do século XIX.
Ética e trabalho: desafios para a vivência na contemporaneidade / Ethics and Work: Challenges for a Contemporary Living
Authors: Nascimento Tiago Gama do , Nascimento Fernanda Coelho de Figueiredo Soares , Ramos Júlio Cezar Costa , Morais Allan Richards De Melo Nunes , Silva Andrey Tavares da , Duarte Francisco Ricardo
Published: June 2019

A concepção de trabalho sofreu algumas modificações até chegar na ideia atual que se tem sobre este. A forma como o ser humano enxerga o trabalho, a moral e a ética na sociedade atual é carregada das influências históricas sobre o conceito que se tinha sobre o labor, desde a antiguidade até os tempos atuais (Siqueira, 2008). Diante de uma formação tão diversificada, a percepção de trabalho é bastante particular a cada indivíduo e essa diversidade de concepções resulta em um ambiente de trabalho contemporâneo potencialmente conflituoso. O objetivo foi analisar de que forma a percepção humana a respeito do trabalho influencia o espaço corporativo e qual o caminho para uma conduta ética no ambiente profissional? Os resultados levaram a crer que por mais que a motivação para o trabalho sejam distintas, ética e trabalho só podem existir simultaneamente se buscarem o bem comum, que pode ser da humanidade, da sociedade, de uma nação ou de uma empresa em particular.
Competições de conhecimentos universitários: Método inovador de incentivo à aprendizagem
Authors: Fernandes Rivalina Maria Macêdo , Bezerra Martha Maria Macêdo , Barretto Julyanne De Oliveira Paes , Farias Athena De Albuquerque
Published: June 2019

As competições universitárias tem tomado cada vez mais espaço, principalmente por ser uma forma de descobrir talentos, encontrar soluções para problemas, premiar os vencedores por suas capacidades, e, principalmente, por ter se revelado como método eficaz no estímulo a aprendizagem estudantil, visto que desperta no estudante o desejo de se auto desafiar para fins de apresentar suas melhores habilidades. Este estudo discute as competições de conhecimentos universitários como metodologia ativa de incentivo a aprendizagem. Os resultados levam a crer que as competições acadêmicas são um método exitoso de incentivo a aprendizagem, configurando-se como algo favorável e complementar à formação estudantil. Mesmo assim ainda carece de critérios para uma formalização para que sejam incorporadas aos currículos, embora sejam reconhecidas como incentivo ao ensino e aprendizagem e, a aprimoração das capacidades e habilidades dos universitários.
Mercurial Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Case of Colonic Involvement
Authors: Liu Margaret C. , Ahmed Shifat , Mehta Shivang
Published: June 2019

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a neuroendocrine skin cancer that typically presents as a painless erythematous nodule on body surfaces visible to the sun. Metastatic disease is typical to the lymph nodes, liver, and lungs. There are previous case reports of patients with metastases to the gastrointestinal tract including the stomach, small intestine, and pancreas. To our knowledge, there are only rare occurrences of metastases to the colon. We report a patient with a history of MCC treated with chemotherapy who presented with hematochezia and underwent a colonoscopy that showed a partially obstructing, edematous, friable 7-cm circumferential mass in the transverse colon. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of MCC that metastasized to the transverse colon.
Métodos Distância de Hausdorff e Influência do Vértice a partir da densificação de feições lineares
Authors: Saito Youlia Kamei , Viana Lucas Jose Ferreira , Silva Sidmar Rodrigo da , Fonseca Iann Gomes Rodriques da , Santos Afonso de Paula dos
Published: June 2019

A utilização de feições lineares para controle de qualidade cartográfica é benéfica devido ao fato destas representarem a maioria dos dados em uma base cartográfica e apresentarem boa cobertura espacial. Entretanto, a aplicação de alguns métodos de controle de qualidade utilizando feições lineares a partir do cálculo de discrepâncias posicionais entre linhas homólogas pode não traduzir resultados coerentes, principalmente os métodos que se baseiam nas distâncias entre os vértices de linhas homólogas. Este trabalho visa avaliar as discrepâncias resultantes dos métodos Distância de Hausdorff e Influência do Vértice a partir do uso de feições lineares de hidrografia numérica e linhas de cumeada, extraídas de dois Modelos Digitais de Superfície. Para esta análise, adicionaram-se vértices ao longo das feições lineares extraídas (densificação de vértices) e compararam-se os resultados com as feições originais. Notou-se que para o método Distância de Hausdorff, as discrepâncias utilizando linhas densificadas foram menores que as discrepâncias obtidas utilizando-se as feições originais: a média e o RMS da amostra utilizando feições foram 19,9 m e 20,7 m e, para as feições densificadas, foram 18,6 m e 19,5 m respectivamente. Já para o método Influência do Vértice, os valores apresentaram diferenças mínimas: a média e o RMS utilizando feições originais foram 16,8 m e 17,8 m e, para as feições densificadas, foram 16,7 m e 17,7 m respectivamente. Este resultado está diretamente relacionado com o desenvolvimento matemático dos próprios métodos sendo recomendada a densificação das feições lineares ao se aplicar os métodos citados.
Determinação de dimensões mínimas para simbologia de cartas topográficas urbanas
Authors: Castro Mônica Cristina , Robbi Sluter Claudia
Published: June 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é definir critérios para o estabelecimento de dimensões mínimas para a padronização da simbologia de cartas topográficas urbanas. Este trabalho faz parte de uma de pesquisa cuja finalidade é propor e validar métodos para a produção de cartas topográficas por generalização cartográfica automatizada no Brasil. Para automatizar este processo é necessário o conhecimento de dimensões mínimas de tamanho e distância para definir e identificar problemas de representação. As cartas topográficas no Estado do Paraná são produzidas na escala 1:2.000 e, quando há necessidade, cartas em escalas menores podem ser produzidas pela redução de escala e pela seleção de feições. Como consequência, tem-se produtos cartográficos com problemas de representação. A aplicação da generalização cartográfica pode assegurar a legibilidade dessas cartas.  Há uma proposta de padronização da simbologia para as cartas topográficas na escala 1.2.000, de áreas urbanas do estado do Paraná, porém não há recomendações de como abordar a simbologia quando a produção ocorre por generalização cartográfica. Para isso foi necessário desenvolver testes de percepção visual de tamanhos mínimos para símbolos coloridos condizentes com a simbologia proposta para feições de edificações, limites de propriedade e vias urbanas. Os resultados mostram que não há valores mínimos universais para tamanho e distância na cartografia topográfica, pois a percepção visual é influenciada pelas diferentes cores dos símbolos.
Implementação de um sistema on-line para processamento de dados GNSS
Authors: Oliveira Gabriel Diniz de , Dal Poz William Rodrigo , Almeida Marília Sanglard
Published: June 2019

O processamento de dados do Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) realizado por softwares científicos é uma necessidade crescente nos estudos da Geodésia Espacial. Porém, o manuseio destes, em geral, nem sempre é uma tarefa fácil. Com isso, um sistema que auxilie no processamento é importante para a eficiência das pesquisas de toda comunidade de usuários. Este trabalho aborda a implementação e a validação de um sistema on-line para processamento e análise de dados GNSS, que possibilite o compartilhamento do uso do software Bernese GNSS. O sistema denominado GNSS-UFV está disponível no endereço http://gnss.ufv.br. Este sistema está preparado para recepcionar, auxiliar e gerenciar as solicitações de processamento de dados GNSS nos métodos Posicionamento por Ponto Preciso (PPP) e Relativo no software Bernese GNSS, e posteriormente encaminhar e armazenar os resultados dos processamentos. O PPP do GNSS-UFV foi testado e comparado com o serviço IBGE-PPP. A média das acurácias das resultantes planimétricas foram iguais para os dois sistemas, 0,013m, já a acurácia média nas componentes altimétricas foi de 0,020m para o IBGE-PPP e 0,018m para o GNSS-UFV. O método Relativo do GNSS-UFV foi comparado com o serviço AUSPOS, onde a média das acurácias das resultantes planimétricas foram de 0,009m e 0,010m e a média das acurácias das componentes altimétricas foram de 0,021m e 0,026m para o AUSPOS e GNSS-UFV, respectivamente.
La Historia del libro en los manuales escolares argentinos. El caso de la historia medieval
Authors: Waiman David
Published: June 2019

La historia del libro es marginal en el entramado textual de la manualística y, generalmente, aparece entrelazada en pocas líneas narrativas, en un armazón general de otros temas que los engloban y que pertenecen a esferas políticas y socio – económicas más que culturales. A pesar de la ubicación periférica en la espacialidad discursiva de los manuales escolares, detectamos al libro como objeto de análisis en sí mismo. Solo hay dos editoriales que lo incorporan como tema de estudio, Puerto de Palos y Estrada, ambas de origen nacional. Esto explica en gran parte la libertad mínima pero existente que poseen estas editoriales en detrimento de las internacionales que planifican contenidos para mercados más amplios.
Sentidos otorgados a la enseñanza de la historia en la escuela secundaria: una indagación a la relación entre enseñanza de la historia y formación ciudadana en profesores de historia
Authors: Morras Valeria
Published: June 2019

La relación entre historia escolar y formación ciudadana se remonta a la presencia de esta asignatura en los inicios de la escuela obligatoria. Sin embargo los sentidos atribuidos tanto a la formación ciudadana en la escuela no han sido unívocos, como tampoco los sentidos de enseñar historia. En esta ponencia nos proponemos indagar la relación entre los sentidos que profesores/as de historia le atribuyen a la enseñanza de la historia y a la formación ciudadana en la escuela secundaria y la programación que realizan para llevar al aula su propuesta de enseñanza. Para ello identificaremos las concepciones que docentes tienen acerca de la formación ciudadana, para abordar la relación que se puede establecer con la enseñanza de la historia que realizan a través de la selección de contenidos y los relatos históricos que aparecen en los materiales que utilizan. A través de métodos cualitativos relevaremos y analizaremos materiales curriculares utilizados por los/las docentes en sus clases de historia, como así también libros de temas y programas. Asimismo realizaremos entrevistas a profesores/as de historia. Las consideramos significativas desde la perspectiva adoptada ya que a través de las mismas indagaremos sobre los criterios de selección de contenidos y relatos históricos que realizan los/las profesores/as para sus clases en relación a los propósitos que le adjudican a la enseñanza de la historia.
Las prácticas de enseñanza de los profesores noveles en el nivel secundario
Authors: Rosso Irma , Olivieri Ricardo
Published: June 2019

Se sintetizan los resultados de una investigación orientada hacia el análisis de la práctica profesional, en cuanto al conocimiento de la disciplina y las formas de seleccionar los contenidos y estrategias para enseñar, que manejan los profesores principiantes. A partir de las observaciones y las narrativas docentes se detectó que la primera problemática que preocupa a los principiantes (en un 100% de las encuestas) consistía en las relaciones con los alumnos. En un segundo momento surgían las cuestiones relacionadas con la enseñanza. El foco específico del análisis sobre “la relación entre el conocimiento de la asignatura y las formas de seleccionar los contenidos para enseñar” se observó la coherencia entre ambos; además en las entrevistas destacaron (en un 100%) la excelente formación académica recibida, lo que les facilita la formulación de objetivos. Un problema recurrente que se detectó y se manifestó como un obstáculo dificil de solucionar es la confección de las planificaciones y secuencias didácticas, porque cada institución educativa establece disposiciones precisas que difieren de un establecimiento a otro, a pesar de las directivas del ministerio público provincial. En cuanto a las estrategias didácticas¸ se observó  la preocupación de los novatos por implementar innovaciones en las clases con el uso de TIC, aunque con limitaciones, también recurren a prácticas tradicionales modificadas en formato de juegos y confección de actividades de entretenimiento.
El rol de los docentes co-formadores en el proceso de prácticas del Profesorado en Historia
Authors: Gatti Verónica , Zatti Marcela , Céparo Martín
Published: June 2019

En el Profesorado en Historia de la Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos se realizan las prácticas docentes en los niveles de enseñanza secundaria y superior, por lo que nos interesa observar, analizar y comprender los procesos que involucran a los/las estudiantes practicantes en la diagramación y preparación de las clases durante su formación inicial, es decir, las decisiones que se toman y son asumidas al momento de planificar las secuencias didácticas en el marco de las cátedras de Didáctica de la Historia y las Ciencias Sociales y el Taller de Acción Educativa. En este sentido, hemos trabajado previamente con las narrativas escritas por estudiantes en las que se reflejan diversas problemáticas a la hora de dar cuenta de la formulación de propuesta didáctica, el manejo de grupo, el posicionamiento del rol docente, entre otras, develando un espectro muy amplio sobre sus experiencias, sacando a la luz fortalezas y debilidades. Con el propósito de complejizar esta línea de indagación, hemos decidido en esta oportunidad, trabajar y analizar narrativas que nos brindan los docentes co-formadores. Mediante una entrevista de aproximación metodológica al campo de estudio, nos introducimos en el punto de vista de los docentes co-formadores, actores que tienen un rol importante en el proceso de las prácticas ya que nos brindan información desde su experiencia concreta con nuestros/as practicantes, permitiéndonos rever procesos de enseñanza, volver la mirada sobre la práctica, cuestionar lo hecho, buscar los porqués y los para qué en un permanente proceso de aprender a enseñar.
Interpelando a los Diseños Curriculares de la NES (CABA). Una aproximación a la Formación Superior en el ISP Joaquín V. González
Authors: Merel Ignacio
Published: June 2019

El presente trabajo tiene la intención de abordar el análisis de los diseños curriculares vinculados a la Nueva Escuela Secundaria (NES) para el distrito Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, sus propuestas historiográficas, sus tensiones, sus objetivos generales y específicos que  se expresan en su contenido. Los Diseños Curriculares a analizarse, Diseño Curricular General y Diseño Curricular Orientado del Bachillerato en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, están aplicándose en todos los establecimientos educativos del ámbito de la CABA este año. Sin embargo en este trabajo se analizarán los contenidos de la Historia Argentina durante los siglos XIX y XX, abarcando el análisis de los años superiores. Esta reforma educativa, tanto de contenidos como de tiempo destinado a los mismos (horas cátedra) en algunos casos se presenta como un desafío al interior de los Institutos de Formación Superior. En este punto radica el segundo eje a abordar  ya que los actores escolares encargados de poner en la práctica la NES y sus modificaciones curriculares en el ámbito de la CABA son los docentes.   Respecto de la formación docente y la relación con los contenidos NES se tomará a modo de muestra como institución formadora al Instituto Superior del Profesorado Dr. Joaquín V. González de la CABA. El trabajo se pretende armar desde los dos ejes mencionados anteriormente 1) Los Diseños Curriculares y 2) La Formación Docente.
Tras la vitalidad de lo social. El uso de la etnografía en los procesos de extensión universitaria, una estrategia para la integralidad de funciones
Authors: Fasano Patricia
Published: June 2019

El artículo propone el uso de la etnografía como enfoque y método en el ámbito de la extensión universitaria, como estrategia posible para la producción de conocimiento y de concreción de la integralidad de funciones universitarias (de extensión, investigación y docencia) poniendo como centro al diálogo de saberes. Se basa, para ello, en la experiencia del Área de Comunicación Comunitaria de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos.
Legitimidad territorial de las universidades chilenas: discusiones y desafíos para la vinculación con el medio
Authors: Quinteros Flores Christian Andrés
Published: June 2019

La creciente necesidad de intensificar y robustecer tanto desde la academia como desde los agentes de planificación regional, los sistemas de extensión universitaria (E) o de vinculación con el medio (VcM), hace que nos preguntemos sobre el tipo de exigencias que las políticas públicas aplican hoy a las universidades en Chile respecto de sus modalidades de relacionamiento social y de los enfoques conceptuales y metodológicos que éstas tienen en la temática. El presente trabajo se despliega en la premisa de que para los actuales paradigmas de gobernanza resulta necesario la imbricación de cualquier universidad en las características propias de un territorio incluso desarrollando a algún tipo de Licencia Territorial, si es que pretende genuinamente aportar en procesos robustos de desarrollo. El artículo revisa en primer lugar el modelo territorial del sistema de educación en Chile, las actuales políticas y metodologías para la medición de vinculación con el medio, el tratamiento de lo “territorial” desde las universidades, el abordaje de ciertas discusiones sobre legitimidad territorial y el establecimiento final de una propuesta de licenciamiento territorial a las universidades como garantía de sustentabilidad. El artículo pretende colaborar con posibles respuestas a preguntas planteadas en la convocatoria de la Revista +Extensión respecto de los universos simbólicos que ponen en juego las políticas de extensión universitaria en Chile y sobre los relatos que entran en disputa.
Editorial
Authors: Iucci Cecilia
Published: June 2019

Editorial de la Revista +E N° 10
El Programa Bienal de Arte Joven
Authors: Scarciófolo Stella , Bonfiglio Matías , Farías Cecilia
Published: June 2019

La Bienal de Arte Joven de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), es una plataforma de formación, difusión y exhibición, donde los jóvenes de la ciudad y la región se presentan, representan y reflejan. El arte, la experiencia cultural y educativa y la creación artística se vinculan directamente con la Universidad para producir nuevos sentidos y significados.La primera Bienal nació hace 25 años a partir de una propuesta de la Federación Universitaria del Litoral (FUL) y la UNL. Desde aquel entonces reúne voces, visiones y expresiones de los nóveles creadores emergentes de la ciudad y la región con el fin de convertir sus producciones y propuestas en bienes públicos y sociales.
RECEPCJA ŚREDNIOWIECZNYCH MOTYWÓW W ŚWIECIE GWIEZDNYCH WOJEN
Authors: DELIMATA-PROCH Małgorzata
Published: June 2019

The paper makes up an attempt to systematize and occasionally verify the views on the medieval motifs which were to be used while creating the world of Star Wars. The synchronic method applied in various publications lies behind opinions according to which the inspiration here included: Arthurian legends, the medieval concept of minne, visions of hell, the history and tradition of the Knights Templar, as well as the samurai in feudal Japan. These opinions cannot be regarded as entirely grounded. The remarks on the reception of some motifs related to the samurai or the Knights Templar seem justified as well as the plot of courtly love and the medieval image of hell. However, insistent juxtaposing, among others, of the individual stages of the lives of the saga’s main characters with the fortunes of king Arthur is controversial.
WHY DO TAUNTAUNS HAVE TWO PAIRS OF NOSTRILS? ADAPTATION OF ORGANISMS TO EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS IN THE STAR WARS UNIVERSE
Authors: CHMIELOWSKA-BĄK Jagna
Published: June 2019

Jedną z ważniejszych cech organizmów jest zdolność adaptacji do otaczającego środowiska. Celem artykułu jest porównanie adaptacji do zróżnicowanych warunków występujących na pustyni, w ekstremalnie zimnych regionach i w środowisku wodnym u organizmów zamieszkujących Ziemię oraz stworzeń wymyślonych na potrzeby sagi Gwiezdne wojny. Omówione zostaną niektóre charakterystyczne dla sagi gatunki: sarlacc, banty, eopi, tauntauny, wampy, morski zabójca opee (ang. opee sea killer), ryba colo claw (ang. colo claw fish), morski potwór sando (ang. sando aqua monster) i aiwha. Występujące u fikcyjnych stworzeń przystosowania do środowiska zostaną porównane z adaptacjami wykształconymi przez wykazujące podobieństwo gatunki zamieszkujące Ziemię. Mechanizm tych przystosowań zostanie wyjaśniony na podstawie aktualnej wiedzy biologicznej.
WPROWADZENIE
Authors: SKRUKWA Grzegorz
Published: June 2019

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PRZYŁĄCZENIE KRYMU PRZEZ ROSJĘ W ŚWIETLE PRAWA MIĘDZYNARODOWEGO
Authors: RYDEL Konrad
Published: June 2019

The article describes the most important international law issues related to the annexation of the Crimea by the Russian Federation. The first part of the text concerns with the infringements of the international law made by Russia (infringement of the principle pacta sunt servanda, the principle of non intervention and the principle of the prohibition of aggression). The second, essential part of the text concerns the inadmissibility of self-determination of people in the case of the Crimea. Russian involvement in the Crimea results the illegality of self-determination in this case. It is also impossible because the case of Crimea does not meet the required conditions. This causes the inadmissibility of the secession of this territory.
CYBERTERRORYZM ,,KONIEM TROJAŃSKIM” W DOBIE GLOBALIZACJI
Authors: MAZURKIEWICZ Bartosz
Published: June 2019

The aim of the article is the general characterization of cyberterrorism as a new and constantly evolving form of terrorism. The phenomenon was described in the context of globalization processes and the main definitions of terrorism were cited, followed by the specific factors determining cyberterrorism. The article was based on an analysis of source documents – legislation on terrorism prevention and cyberspace protection. Definitions review was performed. The results of earlier research related to the topic of work are quoted. It has been assessed that in the future the threat of cyber-attacks will be a challenge for states and international organizations. The development of modern technologies and the creation of computerized societies is a factor that provides new areas of action for terrorists. Potential targets of attacks are varied and difficult to protect. Preventive actions should be characterized by a comprehensive approach to the problem and systemic, long-term action in the international sphere.
Europe, the Middle East, and the ‘Arab Spring’ – The Shattering of the Dream
Authors: Nagar Nir Barkan
Published: June 2019

Artykuł omawia stosunki między Europą i krajami Bliskiego Wschodu oraz konsekwencje tych relacji w ciągu ostatnich dwóch dekad, poprzez analizę „arabskiej wiosny”. Określenie „arabska wiosna” odnosi się do serii wydarzeń obejmujących demonstracje, przemoc i wojnę domową, które przetoczyły się przez kraje arabskie od końca 2010 r. Wywołane przez siły oporu wobec autorytarnych reżimów doprowadziły do upadku przywódców Egiptu, Tunezji i Libii. Protesty zwolenników demokracji, zrównoważonej gospodarki i likwidacji korupcji rządowej udało się jednak wykorzystać do swoich celów islamistom. Wprawdzie nie było wówczas jasne, jakie nowe reżimy przejmą władzę, ale powszechnie oczekiwano, że będą to siły islamistyczne. W kategoriach deklaracji, polityki i zaangażowania fizycznego Europa zareagowała na wydarzenia arabskiej wiosny pozytywnie w obawie, że wyniki protestów mogą zostać wykorzystane przez siły islamistyczne, mimo że przez dziesięciolecia państwa Zachodu łączyła z wieloma obalonymi tyranami współpraca i przyjazne stosunki. Polityka przymykania oka na brak demokracji i łamanie praw człowieka w tych krajach była jednak często postrzegana jako sprzeczna z wartościami europejskimi. W dniu 25 maja 2011 r. Unia Europejska opublikowała dokument przyznający, że nie udało jej się przeprowadzić reform politycznych w sąsiednich krajach arabskich. Po wydarzeniach arabskiej wiosny konieczne było wypracowanie nowego podejścia do wzmocnienia partnerstwa między Europą a światem arabskim. Cele europejskiej polityki wobec świata muzułmańskiego obejmują powstrzymanie masowej migracji muzułmańskiej, zmniejszenie wpływu fundamentalistycznego i radykalnego islamu na Bliskim Wschodzie, a także wśród muzułmanów w Europie, oraz zapewnienie dostaw surowców energetycznych z tych krajów. Sprostanie tym wyzwaniom będzie znaczącym krokiem we właściwym kierunku.
International sports organizations as diplomatic actors. The case of FIFA exerting influence on states
Authors: Kobierecki Michał Marcin
Published: June 2019

Współczesna dyplomacja przyjmuje coraz bardziej sieciową formę, co objawia się zaangażowaniem nowych aktorów, w tym międzynarodowych organizacji sportowych. Artykuł poświęcony jest zagadnieniu dyplomacji sportowej organizacji sportowych kontrolujących międzynarodową rywalizację sportową, na przykładzie Międzynarodowej Federacji Piłki Nożnej (FIFA). Badanie, którego dotyczy artykuł, stanowi studium przypadku poświęcone kwestii wywierania przez międzynarodową organizację sportową nacisku na rządy suwerennych państw, na przykładzie FIFA. Celem badania jest sprawdzenie czy organizacje sportowe są w stanie sprawić, aby rządy zmieniły swoje decyzje polityczne. Hipoteza, która została poddana weryfikacji zakłada, iż międzynarodowe organizacje sportowe są podmiotami dyplomatycznymi zdolnymi wpływać na państwa.
Beneficial Effects of Salt on Halophyte Growth: Morphology, Cells, and Genes
Authors: Yuan Fang , Xu Yanyu , Leng Bingying , Wang Baoshan
Published: June 2019

Halophytes can survive and complete their life cycle in the presence of ≥200 mM NaCl. These remarkable plants have developed various strategies to tolerate salinity and thrive in high-salt environments. At the appropriate levels, salt has a beneficial effect on the vegetative growth of halophytes but inhibits the growth of non-halophytes. In recent years, many studies have focused on elucidating the salt-tolerance mechanisms of halophytes at the molecular, physiological, and individual level. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms, from the macroscopic to the molecular, underlying the successful growth of halophytes in saline environments to explain why salt has beneficial effects on halophytes but harmful effects on non-halophytes. These mechanisms include the specialized organs of halophytes (for example, ion compartmentalization in succulent leaves), their unique structures (salt glands and hydrophobic barriers in roots), and their salt-tolerance genes. We hope to shed light on the use of halophytes for engineering salt-tolerant crops, soil conservation, and the protection of freshwater resources in the near future.
The Applicability of Universal Basic Income in Post-Conflict Scenarios: The Syria Case
Authors: Bashur Diana
Published: June 2019

Given UBI’s performance in poor and rural areas of India and Namibia and its transformative effects on livelihoods, one can foresee a potential for UBI supporting refugees and Internally Displaced Persons rebuild their lives in their country of origin. Furthermore, given UBI’s egalitarian rationale stemming from the idea of a more just society with a minimum level of economic security to all, UBI can be considered a key element of a state’s welfare system, the relevance of which cannot be overstated for countries emerging from conflict. Additionally, the field of international aid has as of recently, for efficiency considerations, started questioning its policies focused on in-kind aid, vouchers, prescribed spending in favor of cash transfers. To test UBI’s potential in post-conflict scenarios, we propose to examine its applicability in Syria, source of today’s largest refugee population.
The Evolution of Morality Policy Debate: Moralization and Demoralization
Authors: Kreitzer Rebecca J. , Kane Kellen A. , Mooney Christopher Z.
Published: June 2019

Scholars of morality policy have built an extensive literature surrounding these issues, which often are associated with unusual political behavior. Early studies aimed at explaining this behavior but avoided defining a “morality policy” explicitly, typically by focusing on issues that appeared obviously to pertain to morality, like abortion and LGBTQ+ rights. Drawing on the existing morality policy scholarship and classic theories of public policy, we argue that no public policy is inherently moral. Rather, policies may be “moralized” or “demoralized” over time, not due to any intrinsic characteristic, but because the prominent policy frames in their debate have changed. Public opinion and its proxies, along with certain exogenous shocks, may be important in determining when a morality frame will be more prevalent. Because the distinctiveness of morality policy lies in the discourse surrounding it, scholars should examine the behavior and attitudes of relevant advocates in these debates, rather than relying on aggregate data and making assumptions about intrinsic policy characteristics.
Moral Conviction and Immigration Attitudes in America
Authors: McDonald Maura , Ryan Timothy J.
Published: June 2019

Past work finds that political attitudes vary in the extent to which they are held withmoral conviction– a distinctive facet of attitude intensity associated with animosity toward political opponents and resistance to compromise. We examine moral conviction as it arises on a timely political issue: immigration. Our approach is distinctive in that we measure attitudes about immigration in general, but also several subcomponents of the issue (e.g. attitudes toward building a border wall and making English the official language of the US). We find that attention to moral conviction reveals a face of public opinion that other measures do not. Opinions on the conservative side of immigration topics tend to be more strongly held and more consistent across issues. But those with opinions on the liberal side of the issue exhibit greater moral conviction, suggesting that they might be easier to mobilize and more resistant to compromise. We also assess the extent to which morally convicted attitudes can be traced to specific values and aspects of socialization.
The German Statutory Minimum Wage and Its Effects on Regional Employment and Unemployment
Authors: Bonin Holger , Isphording Ingo E. , Krause-Pilatus Annabelle , Lichter Andreas , Pestel Nico , Rinne Ulf
Published: June 2019

This paper studies the effects of the introduction of Germany’s statutory minimum wage in 2015 on employment and unemployment on the level of regional labor markets. Using variation in the regional exposure to the new wage floor, we employ a difference-in-differences approach that compares the evolution of employment and unemployment between regions with varying minimum wage bites. Overall, we find no statistically significant effect of the introduction of the German minimum wage on regular employment subject to social insurance, but a statistically significant negative effect on marginal employment. The reduction is not accompanied by a proportional increase in unemployment.