bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fast Multivariate Multipoint Evaluation over All Finite Fields
Authors: Bhargava Vishwas , Ghosh Sumanta , Guo Zeyu , Kumar Mrinal , Umans Chris
Published: March 2024

Multivariate multipoint evaluation is the problem of evaluating a multivariate polynomial, given as a coefficient vector, simultaneously at multiple evaluation points. In this work, we show that there exists a deterministic algorithm for multivariate multipoint evaluation over any finite field

\(\mathbb {F}\)

that outputs the evaluations of an
m
-variate polynomial of degree less than
d
in each variable at
N
points in time,

\(\begin{equation*}
(d^m+N)^{1+o(1)}\cdot {{\sf poly}}(m,d,\log |\mathbb {F}|),
\end{equation*}\)

for all

\(m\in \mathbb {N}\)

and all sufficiently large

\(d\in \mathbb {N}\)

.

A previous work of Kedlaya and Umans (FOCS 2008 and SICOMP 2011) achieved the same time complexity when the number of variables
m
is at most

\(d^{o(1)}\)

and had left the problem of removing this condition as an open problem. A recent work of Bhargava, Ghosh, Kumar, and Mohapatra (STOC 2022) answered this question when the underlying field is not
too
large and has characteristic less than

\(d^{o(1)}\)

. In this work, we remove this constraint on the number of variables over all finite fields, thereby answering the question of Kedlaya and Umans over all finite fields.

Our algorithm relies on a non-trivial combination of ideas from three seemingly different previously known algorithms for multivariate multipoint evaluation, namely the algorithms of Kedlaya and Umans, that of Björklund, Kaski, and Williams (IPEC 2017 and Algorithmica 2019), and that of Bhargava, Ghosh, Kumar, and Mohapatra, together with a result of Bombieri and Vinogradov from analytic number theory about the distribution of primes in an arithmetic progression.

We also present a second algorithm for multivariate multipoint evaluation that is completely elementary and, in particular, avoids the use of the Bombieri–Vinogradov theorem. However, it requires a mild assumption that the field size is bounded by an exponential tower in
d
of bounded
height
. More specifically, our second algorithm solves the multivariate multipoint evaluation problem over a finite field

\(\mathbb {F}\)

in time,

\(\begin{equation*}
(d^m+N)^{1+o(1)}\cdot {{\sf poly}}(m,d,\log |\mathbb {F}|),
\end{equation*}\)

for all

\(m\in \mathbb {N}\)

and all sufficiently large

\(d\in \mathbb {N}\)

, provided that the size of the finite field

\(\mathbb {F}\)

is at most

\((\exp (\exp (\exp (\cdots (\exp (d)))))\)

, where the height of this tower of exponentials is fixed.
Personalized Cadence Awareness for Next Basket Recommendation
Authors: Katz Ori , Barkan Oren , Koenigstein Noam
Published: March 2024

This empirical study addresses the problem of Next Basket Repurchase Recommendation (NBRR), an often overlooked aspect of Next Basket Recommendation (NBR). While NBR aims to suggest items for a user’s next basket based on their prior basket history, NBRR focuses solely on recommending items previously purchased by the user. Despite the common ground between NBR and NBRR, the latter requires a distinct approach.

In this paper, we survey recent developments in the fields of NBR and NBRR, emphasizing the different strategies employed for these closely related challenges. In addition, we review the common characteristics of users’ repurchase patterns, which characterize the NBRR problem. Building on these insights, we introduce a novel hyper-convolutional model tailored to capture behavioral patterns associated with repeated purchases. To evaluate its effectiveness, we conduct experiments on three publicly available datasets, offering a comprehensive analysis across three levels of granularity: user-level, order-level, and item-level.

Our analysis illuminates the conditions under which the model excels and identifies scenarios where it may encounter challenges. This research contributes valuable insights into enhancing repurchase recommendation systems and advancing the understanding of user purchase behavior in general.
MuLX-QA: Classifying Multi-Labels and Extracting Rationale Spans in Social Media Posts
Authors: Poddar Soham , Mukherjee Rajdeep , Samad Azlaan , Ganguly Niloy , Ghosh Saptarshi
Published: March 2024

While social media platforms play an important role in our daily lives in obtaining the latest news and trends from across the globe, they are known to be prone to widespread proliferation of harmful information in different forms leading to misconceptions among the masses. Accordingly, several prior works have attempted to tag social media posts with labels/classes reflecting their veracity, sentiments, hate content, and so on. However, in order to have a convincing impact, it is important to additionally extract the post snippets on which the labelling decision is based. We call such a post snippet the
rationale
. These rationales significantly improve human trust and debuggability of the predictions, especially when detecting misinformation or stigmas from social media posts. These rationale spans or snippets are also helpful in post-classification social analysis, such as for finding out the target communities in hate-speech, or for understanding the arguments or concerns against the intake of vaccines. Also it is observed that a post may express multiple notions of misinformation, hate, sentiment, and the like. Thus, the task of determining (one or multiple) labels for a given piece of text, along with the
text snippets explaining the rationale behind each of the identified labels
is a challenging
multi-label, multi-rationale
classification task, which is still nascent in the literature.

While
transformer
-based encoder-decoder generative models such as BART and T5 are well suited for the task, in this work we show how a relatively simpler
encoder-only
discriminative question-answering (QA) model can be effectively trained using
simple template-based questions
to accomplish the task. We thus propose
MuLX-QA
and demonstrate its utility in producing (label, rationale span) pairs in two different settings:
multi-class
(on the
HateXplain
dataset related to hate speech on social media), and
multi-label
(on the
CAVES
dataset related to COVID-19 anti-vaccine concerns).
MuLX-QA outperforms heavier generative models
in both settings. We also demonstrate the relative advantage of our proposed model MuLX-QA over strong baselines when trained with limited data. We perform several ablation studies, and experiments to better understand the effect of training MuLX-QA with different question prompts, and draw interesting inferences. Additionally, we show that MuLX-QA is effective on social media posts in resource-poor non-English languages as well. Finally, we perform a qualitative analysis of our model predictions and compare them with those of our strongest baseline.
ReSA: Reconfigurable Systolic Array for Multiple Tiny DNN Tensors
Authors: Lee Ching-Jui , Yeh Tsung Tai
Published: March 2024

Systolic array architecture has significantly accelerated deep neural networks (DNNs). A systolic array comprises multiple processing elements (PEs) that can perform multiply-accumulate (MAC). Traditionally, the systolic array can execute a certain amount of tensor data that matches the size of the systolic array simultaneously at each cycle. However, hyper-parameters of DNN models differ across each layer and result in various tensor sizes in each layer. Mapping these irregular tensors to the systolic array while fully utilizing the entire PEs in a systolic array is challenging. Furthermore, modern DNN systolic accelerators typically employ a single dataflow. However, such a dataflow is not optimal for every DNN model.

This work proposes ReSA, a reconfigurable dataflow architecture that aims to minimize the execution time of a DNN model by mapping tiny tensors on the spatially partitioned systolic array. Unlike conventional systolic array architectures, the ReSA data path controller enables the execution of the input, weight, and output-stationary dataflow on PEs. ReSA also decomposes the coarse-grain systolic array into multiple small ones to reduce the fragmentation issue on the tensor mapping. Each small systolic sub-array unit relies on our data arbiter to dispatch tensors to each other through the simple interconnected network. Furthermore, ReSA reorders the memory access to overlap the memory load and execution stages to hide the memory latency when tackling tiny tensors. Finally, ReSA splits tensors of each layer into multiple small ones and searches for the best dataflow for each tensor on the host side. Then, ReSA encodes the predefined dataflow in our proposed instruction to notify the systolic array to switch the dataflow correctly. As a result, our optimization on the systolic array architecture achieves a geometric mean speedup of 1.87× over the weight-stationary systolic array architecture across nine different DNN models.
Age-related blunting of serial sarcomerogenesis and mechanical adaptations following 4 wk of maximal eccentric resistance training
Authors: Hinks Avery , Patterson Makenna A. , Njai Binta S. , Power Geoffrey A.
Published: March 2024

The loss of sarcomeres in series with age contributes to declining muscle performance. The present study investigated whether eccentric training could improve performance via serial sarcomere addition in old muscle, like in young muscle. Four weeks of maximal eccentric training induced serial sarcomere addition in the young rat plantar flexors and improved in vivo performance, however, led to dysfunctional remodeling accompanied by further impaired performance in old rats.
Seizures as Initial Presentation and Enduring Predisposition to Seizures in Autoimmune Encephalitis
Authors: Zhou Yingying , Wu Chunmei , Wu Huiting , Zheng Kai , Huang Shanshan , Zhu Suiqiang
Published: March 2024

Purpose. This retrospective study is aimed at investigating the clinical characteristics of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and long‐term prognosis of patients who initially present with seizures as well as risk factors for enduring predisposition to seizures in AE. Methods. From January 1, 2013, to October 31, 2021, a total of 343 AE patients from a single center diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) were enrolled in this study, including 198 antibody‐positive AE and 145 antibody‐negative but probable AE. According to initial symptoms, AE patients were divided into two groups: onset with seizure group and onset with nonseizure group. The clinical characteristics were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were clinically evaluated at onset and at 6, 12, and 24 months of follow‐up. Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) score, Clinical Assessment Scale in Autoimmune Encephalitis (CASE) score, and seizure‐related information were assessed. Results. In AE, patients with seizures as the first presentation were younger, with a median‐onset age of 28 years old. Compared with other types of antibody‐positive AE, anti‐GABABR AE more frequently began with seizures, while anti‐CASPR2, anti‐AMPAR, and anti‐DPPX encephalitis usually began with symptoms other than seizures. The most common type of initial seizures in AE was focal to bilateral seizure (67.6%), with a significant prevalence in antibody‐positive AE (P = 0.001). In addition, compared with nonseizure group, patients with seizures as an initial presentation had higher MRS and CASE scores at 24 months of follow‐up. Older age at onset and focal nonmotor seizure type were independent risk factors for an enduring predisposition to seizures in AE patients. Conclusion. The younger and anti‐GABABR‐positive AE patients are more prone to onset with seizures. AE patients who initially presented with seizures had worse long‐term neurological recovery. Onset age and seizure type should be highly appreciated when formulating the strategy for therapy at post‐AE status.
Face-Centered Central Composite Design for the Optimization of the Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Kernels and Shells of Raphia farinifera and Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities
Authors: Kouteu Paul Alain Nanssou , Kemegne Aurelie Gislaine , Pahane Majeste Mbiada , Fanta Adeline Sabine Yadang , Membangmi Amandine Kofane , Tchamaleu Donald Vivien Toukak , Agbor Gabriel Agbor , Mouangue Martin Ruben
Published: March 2024

This study reports the extraction of phenolic compound from shells and kernels of the Raphia farinifera fruit and the biological activities of the extract. A face-centered composite design was established to optimize the extraction conditions: ethanol/water ratio (0-100%), solvent/powder ratio (10-30 mL/g), and extraction time (90-180 min). Subsequently, the extracts obtained under the optimal conditions were used for the evaluation of the radical scavenging capacity, the capacity to chelate ferric ions, and the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. The optimal extraction conditions for the shells are an extraction time of 134.24 min, 65% ethanol in water, and a solvent/substrate ratio of 21.16 mL/g, and for the kernel, an extraction time of 180 min, 94.3% ethanol in water, and a solvent/substrate ratio of 18.6 mL/g. In these conditions, the phenolic compounds were 95.36 mg EAG/L for the shell extract and 139.72 mg EAG/L for the kernel extract. The antioxidant activity revealed that the half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of the kernel extracts are 22.32 μg/mL and 55.73 μg/mL for the shells. A reducing activity of Fe 3+ ions with an activity of 308.39 μg EAA/mg for the kernel extracts and 293 μg EAA/mg for the shells was observed. B. cereus was the most sensitive microorganism with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) equal to the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) with a value of 156.25 ppm for the kernel extract while the shell extract showed MIC of 625 ppm and MBC of 2500 ppm. The IC50 values for the denaturation of proteins by extracts of shells and kernels are 0.76 μg/mL and 0.56 μg/mL, respectively. Membrane stabilization revealed IC50 values of 1054.54 μg/mL and 1339 μg/mL for the shell and kernel extracts, respectively. This work has shown the potential of Raphia farinifera extracts for the food industry and cosmetics.
A Signal-Finding Study of Abemaciclib in Heavily Pretreated Patients with Metastatic Castration–Resistant Prostate Cancer: Results from CYCLONE 1
Authors: Agarwal Neeraj , Castellano Daniel , Alonso-Gordoa Teresa , Arranz Arija Jose Angel , Colomba Emeline , Gravis Gwenaelle , Mourey Loic , Oudard Stephane , Fléchon Aude , González Macarena , Rey Pablo M. , Schweizer Michael T. , Gallardo Enrique , Johnston Erica , Balar Arjun , Haddad Nadine , Appiah Adams K. , Nacerddine Karim , Piulats José M.
Published: March 2024

Purpose:

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors radically changed the treatment paradigm for breast cancer. Similar to estrogen receptor in breast cancer, androgen receptor signaling activates cyclin D–CDK4/6, driving proliferation and resistance to hormonal manipulation in prostate cancer. This study was designed to detect signals of clinical activity for abemaciclib in treatment-refractory metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Patients and Methods:

Eligible patients had progressive mCRPC, measurable disease, and previously received ≥1 novel hormonal agent(s) and 2 lines of taxane chemotherapy. Abemaciclib 200 mg twice daily was administered on a continuous dosing schedule. Primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) without concurrent bone progression. This study was designed to detect a minimum ORR of 12.5%.

Results:

At trial entry, 40 (90.9%) of 44 patients had objective radiographic disease progression, 4 (9.1%) had prostate-specific antigen (PSA)–only progression, and 20 (46.5%) had visceral metastases (of these, 60% had liver metastases). Efficacy analyses are as follows: ORR without concurrent bone progression: 6.8%; disease control rate: 45.5%; median time to PSA progression: 6.5 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.2–NA]; median radiographic PFS; 2.7 months (95% CI, 1.9–3.7); and median OS, 8.4 months (95% CI, 5.6–12.7). Most frequent grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events (AE) were neutropenia (25.0%), anemia, and fatigue (11.4% each). No grade 4 or 5 AEs were related to abemaciclib.

Conclusions:

Abemaciclib monotherapy was well tolerated and showed clinical activity in this heavily pretreated population, nearly half with visceral metastases. This study is considered preliminary proof-of-concept and designates CDK4/6 as a valid therapeutic target in prostate cancer.
Steroid-Refractory Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis in Infliximab-Experienced Patients
Authors: Revés Joana , Bravo Ana Catarina , Nascimento Catarina Neto , Morão Bárbara , Frias-Gomes Catarina , Roque Ramos Lídia , Glória Luísa , Torres Joana , Palmela Carolina
Published: March 2024

Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) is a potentially life-threatening complication of ulcerative colitis (UC) that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality, with a substantial number of patients needing colectomy. Infliximab (IFX) has been increasingly used as a rescue therapy for patients who have failed intravenous steroids and has been more frequently used as an induction and maintenance therapy in moderate-to-severe UC. Therefore, the number of patients admitted with ASUC previously exposed to IFX has been increasing, raising additional challenges in the medical management of these patients to avoid emergent colectomy. This narrative review intends to summarise the most recent evidence in the medical management of steroid-refractory ASUC patients previously exposed to IFX and to propose a treatment algorithm for approaching this difficult-to-treat group of patients.
Global Economic Evaluation of the Reported Costs of Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: Bishay Anthony E. , Lyons Alexander T. , Koester Stefan W. , Paulo Danika L. , Liles Campbell , Dambrino Robert J. , Feldman Michael J. , Ball Tyler J. , Bick Sarah K. , Englot Dario J. , Chambless Lola B.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Despite the known benefits of deep brain stimulation (DBS), the cost of the procedure can limit access and can vary widely. Our aim was to conduct a systematic review of the reported costs associated with DBS, as well as the variability in reporting cost-associated factors to ultimately increase patient access to this therapy. Methods: A systematic review of the literature for cost of DBS treatment was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed and Embase databases were queried. Olsen & Associates (OANDA) was used to convert all reported rates to USD. Cost was corrected for inflation using the US Bureau of Labor Statistics Inflation Calculator, correcting to April 2022. Results: Twenty-six articles on the cost of DBS surgery from 2001 to 2021 were included. The median number of patients across studies was 193, the mean reported age was 60.5 ± 5.6 years, and median female prevalence was 38.9%. The inflation- and currency-adjusted mean cost of the DBS device was USD 21,496.07 ± USD 8,944.16, the cost of surgery alone was USD 14,685.22 ± USD 8,479.66, the total cost of surgery was USD 40,942.85 ± USD 17,987.43, and the total cost of treatment until 1 year of follow-up was USD 47,632.27 ± USD 23,067.08. There were no differences in costs observed across surgical indication or country. Conclusion: Our report describes the large variation in DBS costs and the manner of reporting costs. The current lack of standardization impedes productive discourse as comparisons are hindered by both geographic and chronological variations. Emphasis should be put on standardized reporting and analysis of reimbursement costs to better assess the variability of DBS-associated costs in order to make this procedure more cost-effective and address areas for improvement to increase patient access to DBS.
Varikose: Neue Erkenntnisse zu Komplikationen nach Anwendung von Cyanoacrylatklebern
Authors: Stücker Markus
Published: March 2024

Objective: The aim was to retrieve and analyse the serious adverse events of venous occlusion systems used in cyanoacrylate adhesive closure (CAC) submitted to regulatory agencies. Methods: The Total Product Life Cycle (TPLC) database of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Database of Adverse Event Notifications (DAEN) of the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), and the Yellow Card database of the UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) were reviewed. Three Freedom of Information (FOI) requests had to be submitted to the MHRA to obtain data. Results: The TPLC contained 899 reports which included 13 cases of death, 7 strokes, 211 thromboembolic events, and 482 immune reactions. The DAEN recorded three reportable adverse events, and the MHRA recorded seven adverse incidents including one death.
School restorative justice, restorative discipline rather than punishment: a systematic review
Authors: Cantera-Rios Julio-Raul , Zegarra-Salazar Neptali , Mendez-Vergaray Juan , Flores Edward
Published: March 2024

Restorative justice has become another alternative to do justice in society and its application is spreading outside the criminal field, although there are currently global proposals to apply it as restorative practices in the educational field with interesting results in relationships of coexistence, discipline, and confronting school violence, which impacts on the learning outcomes of students. The objective of this paper is to analyze the conditions of school discipline before the implementation of restorative practice strategies and the impact of their application as an alternative of damage restoration rather than punishment. The PRISMA methodology and the consultations of “Justice AND Restorative AND School” were carried out; also “Practices AND Restorative AND Students”; “Practices AND Restorative AND Violence”; “Justice AND Practices AND Restorative”, 30 articles published in Scopus and EBSCO carried out between 2018-2022 were considered. The studies showed significant benefits in the improvement of school discipline, reduction of suspensions, increased communication, respect, trust between students and teachers, among others; In this regard, the evidence continues to be limited and new studies are needed.
Analysis of ecological literacy level and creative thinking skills of college students
Authors: Sigit Diana Vivanti , Ristanto Rizhal Hendi , Komala Ratna , Nurrismawati Anisa , Prastowo Puji , Katili Abubakar Sidik
Published: March 2024

Higher education institution is one of educational institutions that serve as a place of cultural values, and norms expected to become a foundation to foster caring attitudes toward the environment. These attitudes are accordingly meant to develop ecological literacy in order to overcome environmental problems which are likely to be minimized by combining ecological literacy and creative thinking skills. A quantitative descriptive with correlational study was employed in this research. There were 275 college students from three areas in Indonesia, namely Jakarta, Sumatera, and Gorontalo involved as respondents of the research. Data was collected by means of Google Forms consisting of tests and opinions. The ecological literacy was analyzed using dimensions of caring, practical competence, and knowledge while the creative thinking skills were analyzed using dimensions of fluency, originality, flexibility, and elaboration. This research is limited to students in the Department of Science and Non-Science. Findings of the research indicates that the ecological literacy level is in the medium category, whereas the creative thinking skills are good. Female students have a higher average score in ecological literacy and creative thinking skills compared to that of male students. Thus, there is a positive relationship between ecological literacy and creative thinking skills.
Developing learning and training within industry model to improve work readiness of vocational high school students
Authors: Sudarsono Bambang , Listyaningrum Prabandari , Tentama Fatwa , Ghozali Fanani Arief
Published: March 2024

Unemployment is still a national priority that needs to be addressed. In 2022, vocational high schools in Indonesia had the highest open unemployment rate. The highest open unemployment rate is a result of vocational high school students’ insufficient work readiness. Therefore, this research aims to develop a learning and training within industry (LTWI) model, and to evaluate the model’s efficacy in increasing vocational high school students’ work readiness. The research employed a research and development (R&D) design by Richey and Klein with the phases of needs analysis, internal validation, and external validation. There were 12 teachers and 89 students from the automotive engineering department at Muhammadiyah 1 Pakem Vocational High School and 1 Puring Vocational High School, as well as six instructors from the automotive industry: GAS Auto Service, Automotive Jogjakarta Center (OJC), Bengkel Barokah, and RND Auto Service, participated in the research. Data collection strategies adopted were interviews, questionnaires, and performance tests. The data were descriptively evaluated, and the conclusions were drawn using a categorization formula. With an average score of 3.43, the LTWI model can be used to learn very well. With an average final score of 3.32, the efficacy of the LTWI learning model falls into the category of “very good”. The LTWI model can be applied effectively to learning in vocational high schools since it has a positive influence on students’ work readiness.
Development and validation of the educational psychological capital scale
Authors: Seow Ling Ooh , Ramli Irmadura , Seeh Lee Cheah , Chia-Yi Ooi , Ping Ping Ch’ng , Lajuma Surianti
Published: March 2024

Since the introduction of psychological capital to the field of education, it has drawn a lot of interest from researchers. This is due to the numerous studies that have demonstrated the positive effects of psychological capital on academic performance. Nevertheless, the psychological capital scale was initially developed to measure the psychological capital of employees, not students. There is a dearth of studies that examine the psychological capital scale’s psychometric properties in educational contexts, particularly in Southeast Asia. Therefore, the present study aims to develop and test the validity of an educational psychological capital scale. The study was carried out with the participation of a total of 2,494 undergraduates. The tests of indicator reliability, construct reliability convergent, validity, and discriminant validity were executed. The result revealed that the scale demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties. The study also found psychological capital can serve as a positive predictor of student academic performance. It signified that the scale can be used to measure student psychological capital precisely. This has resolved the flaw of the original psychological capital scale, which measured students’ psychological capital in the workplace rather than in educational settings. However, since the study was conducted in Malaysia, the psychometric properties of the scale can be further verified in other countries.
A modeling study with 4th graders
Authors: Çelebi Celalettin , Yılmaz Fatih , Yılmaz Yakup
Published: March 2024

People need effective writing skills to successfully maintain their personal development and academic life. This research studies, the correlations among primary school 4th graders’ writing anxiety, writing attitude, and writing self-efficacy. The research has been designed in the correlational survey model; and a total of 255 primary school 4th-grade students, 95 male and 160 female, participated voluntarily in the research. Three psychometric tools have been used for data collection. Due to small number of participants, the data have been analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling. According to the results, primary school 4th-grade students’ writing attitude does not significantly affect writing anxiety (H1). Moreover, writing self-efficacy does not have a significant effect on writing anxiety (H2) as well. However, writing self-efficacy significantly affects writing attitude (H3). The success of writing depends on the students’ writing self-efficacy, attitude towards writing, and writing anxiety. In order for successful writing, the level of self-efficacy should be high, the attitude towards writing should be positive and there should be no anxiety about writing.
Teacher’s management skills, well-being, religiosity, and academic motivation in Islamic education
Authors: Thoyib Muhammad , Subandi Subandi , Mispani Mispani , Maba Aprezo Pardodi , Suhono Suhono , Fitria Marlenatul
Published: March 2024

Research on student academic motivation in Islamic educational institutions is currently in need of attention, as there are many schools based on Islam that have been overlooked by researchers. This research aims to investigate the role of perceived teacher management skills, psychological well-being, and religiosity towards students’ academic motivation using data from Muslim participants. A cross-sectional design was used to achieve the research objectives. A total of 318 participants (Female=200, Male=118, age M=16.7, age SD=1.9) were voluntarily involved in this research. Participants were asked for their willingness to fill out five scales. The collected data was then analyzed using descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression after the required conditions were met. The results of the research indicate that academic motivation is well predicted by perceived teacher management skills and psychological well-being. These findings highlight the importance of teachers showing mastery of management skills, including skills in maintaining interpersonal relationships with students and parents, and designing programs that can foster the psychological well-being of students.
Students’ well-being development in the classroom: a mixed-method study
Authors: Aziz Rahmat , Mulyadi Mulyadi , Hadi Muhammad Samsul , Wahyuni Esa Nur , Rubaidi Rubaidi
Published: March 2024

Students’ well-being is a fundamental goal in education. The school has a strategic role in developing students’ well-being. This study elaborates on teachers’ classroom activities to develop students’ well-being. The research employed a mixed-method sequential explanatory approach. There were 1,100 students from 11 junior high schools in East Java Province, Indonesia, provided quantitative data. Four teachers provided qualitative data. Descriptive and regression analysis techniques were used for analyzing quantitative data, while thematic analysis was used for analyzing qualitative data. The results show that the hypothesis is accepted. It means that classroom climate affects students’ well-being. The findings also showed four teacher strategies for developing students’ well-being, namely: creating harmonious relationships with students, developing student potential, helping students with difficulties, and creating rules to make students comfortable being in school. The ability of teachers to manage learning in the classroom affects the high level of students’ well-being. The results have implications for the development of students’ well-being through positive teachers teaching.
Relationship between parental income and financial literacy level among students
Authors: Wahab Nur Yuhainis Ab , Kujat Crister , Salleh Hudin Norlaile
Published: March 2024

Financial literacy has become an important element in improving the quality of individual, familial, societal, and national well-being. This study aims to find the relationship between parental income and financial literacy level among students at Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. The research employed a quantitative method using a closed-ended questionnaire to collect the data for the analysis. The research sample was selected using a stratified sampling technique and simple random sampling that consists of 366 undergraduate education students. The result indicates that parental income has a weak and significant positive relationship with financial literacy levels among students. Based on the regression analysis, the father’s income explains about 2.76% of the variance in financial literacy, while the mother’s income explains 10.8% of the variance in financial literacy. The results of this study show that parental income has a relationship with student’s financial literacy level. This finding of this study will help to understand more about the factor that can affect financial literacy.
Reforma agrária, economia popular e solidária e desenvolvimento local solidário: uma relação dialógica
Authors: Souza José Roberto Silva de , Lima José Raimundo de Oliveira
Published: March 2024

O objetivo desta pesquisa é apontar elementos da organização política-educativa-socioeconômica do acampamento Estrela Vive, pertencente ao Movimento dos trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), no município de Feira de Santana - BA. O acampamento demonstra características alinhadas à Economia Popular e Solidária e ao Desenvolvimento Local Solidário em todas as suas dimensões organizativas. A metodologia utilizada fundamentou-se na pesquisa-ação, cuja dinâmica nos deu as linhas gerais de abordagem. Com efeito, infere-se como resultado uma relação dialógica entre o processo de construção em que se constitui a reforma agrária sob o prisma do MST, e como ela se articula com os elementos característicos da Economia Popular e Solidária, tais como o associativismo e o cooperativismo, cuja perspectiva de desenvolvimento trata do desenvolvimento pessoal, coletivo, comunitário, ou seja, do Desenvolvimento Local Solidário.
Caracterização morfométrica da bacia hidrográfica do rio Tapacurá, Pernambuco, Brasil
Authors: Pessoa Neto Amaury Gouveia
Published: March 2024

The morphometric characterization of a river basin represents an important mechanism for the management of water resources, as it is directly related to its hydrological regime. These characteristics can be obtained from the processing of Digital Elevation Models (DEM) in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. The present study sought to analyze the morphometric characteristics of the Tapacurá river basin, a sub-basin of the Capibaribe river that is located between the Zona da Mata and Agreste mesoregions of the state of Pernambucano, using DEM from airborne laser profiling (LiDAR) . The automatic delimitation of the basin was carried out, the extraction of its hydrographic network and, consequently, the obtaining of its geometric, hydrographic and relief morphometric parameters. From the results, it was verified that the Tapacurá river basin has an elongated shape, giving it a low propensity to floods, encompasses a regular drainage system, its main channel has a rambling shape and has elevations that vary from 40.06 m to 576.30 m. m. Knowledge of these characteristics constitutes an important instrument in the management and planning of water resources in the region, and can be used as a support for decision-making by managers and/or professionals in the area, in order to support the development of public policies that provide harmonious coexistence. between the population and water resources.
A Psicanálise de um conto: Freud e Bloch à luz da teoria marxista
Authors: Maia Lucas
Published: March 2024

Este texto analiza el cuento O toque do capital em Midas (un texto que revive la tradición de producciones artísticas de carácter utópico). Para la realización del trabajo se utilizan algunos conceptos del psicoanálisis (pulsión, inconsciente, deseo, procesos oníricos, etc.) y de la obra de Bloch (inconsciente, aún-no-consciente, sueños diurnos y nocturnos, etc.). Por lo tanto, comienza con una presentación de la trama de la historia. Posteriormente, se muestra cómo la obra de Freud ayuda a analizar la producción artística. Luego, recurriendo a Bloch, se demuestran sus críticas a Freud. Finalmente, se hacen comentarios críticos a Bloch y Freud, demostrando dónde fallan los dos enfoques en la interpretación de una obra utópica.
Pecado e delito moral: A dama das Camélias n'´A tragédia da rua das flores
Authors: Miyake Salete Aparecida Franco
Published: March 2024

This paper comparatively analyzes the novels The Tragedy of the Street of Flowers (1980), by Eça de Queirós, and The Lady of the Camellias (1848), by Alexandre Dumas Fils. The works portray the moral questioning of love relationships between bourgeois men and high society courtesans that endanger their basis of moral and socioeconomic constitution: i.e. the family. The analysis is concluded with the different consequences faced by these characters, which vary according to bourgeois social values and hierarchy, and highlights the behavior patterns in the societies of Paris and Lisbon.
Subtype-Specific Association of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number With Poststroke/TIA Outcomes in 10 241 Patients in China
Authors: Jiang Yi , Cheng Si , Shi Yanfeng , Xu Zhe , Wang Huihui , Li Yanran , Liu Yang , Li Zixiao , Jiang Yong , Meng Xia , Cheng Shanshan , Li Hao , Wang Chaolong , Wang Yongjun
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is associated with the severity and mortality in patients with stroke, but the associations in different stroke subtypes remain unexplored.

METHODS:

We conducted an observational prospective cohort analysis on patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack enrolled in the Third China National Stroke Registry. We applied logistic models to assess the association of mtDNA-CN with functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 3–6 versus 0–2) and Cox proportional hazard models to assess the association with stroke recurrence (treating mortality as a competing risk) and mortality during a 12-month follow-up, adjusting for sex, age, physical activity, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at admission, history of stroke and peripheral artery disease, small artery occlusion, and interleukin-6. Subgroup analyses stratified by age and stroke subtypes were conducted.

RESULTS:

The Third China National Stroke Registry enrolled 15 166 patients, of which 10 241 with whole-genome sequencing data were retained (mean age, 62.2 [SD, 11.2] years; 68.8% men). The associations between mtDNA-CN and poststroke/transient ischemic attack outcomes were specific to patients aged ≤65 years, with lower mtDNA-CN significantly associated with stroke recurrence in 12 months (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.15 per SD lower mtDNA-CN [95% CI, 1.04–1.27];
P
=5.2×10
−3
) and higher all-cause mortality in 3 months (hazard ratio, 2.19 [95% CI, 1.41–3.39];
P
=5.0×10
−4
). Across subtypes, the associations of mtDNA-CN with stroke recurrence were specific to stroke of undetermined cause (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.11–1.48];
P
=6.6×10
−4
). In particular, lower mtDNA-CN was associated with poorer functional outcomes in stroke of undetermined cause patients diagnosed with embolic stroke of undetermined source (odds ratio, 1.53 [95% CI, 1.20–1.94];
P
=5.4×10
−4
), which remained significant after excluding patients with recurrent stroke (odds ratio, 1.49 [95% CI, 1.14–1.94];
P
=3.0×10
−3
).

CONCLUSIONS:

Lower mtDNA-CN is associated with higher stroke recurrence rate and all-cause mortality, as well as poorer functional outcome at follow-up, among stroke of undetermined cause, embolic stroke of undetermined source, and younger patients.
Effect of Intermittent Oro-Esophageal Tube Feeding in Bulbar Palsy After Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Zeng Hongji , Zhao Weijia , Wu Junfa , Wei Jihong , Li Heping , Wang Liugen , Zeng Xi
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

Nasogastric tube feeding (NG) has been widely used in patients with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke but is associated with a significant risk of complications including malnutrition and pneumonia. Intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding (IOE) can help alleviate these concerns. This study explored the clinical effect of IOE versus NG on nutritional status, swallowing function, stroke-associated pneumonia, and depression in patients with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke.

METHODS:

This randomized controlled study included 148 patients with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke who underwent routine treatment and swallowing rehabilitation training in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine between July 2017 and July 2019 in China. The participants were randomly divided into the IOE group (n=74) and NG group (n=74) with IOE and NG as nutritional supports, respectively. The primary outcome was nutritional status including (1) body mass index (kg/m
2
), (2) serum ALB (albumin, g/L), and (3) PA (prealbumin, mg/L). The secondary outcomes were (1) swallowing function including (i) Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and (ii) Penetration-Aspiration Scale, (2) pneumonia, (3) depression, and (4) adverse events. Statistical analyses for continuous outcomes were performed using
t
test, Mann-Whitney
U
test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test and categorical variables using χ
2
test. SPSS 21.0 was used for all analysis.

RESULTS:

There were no significant baseline differences between the 2 groups. After the treatment, the IOE group demonstrated significantly better results compared with the NG group in ALB ([32.71±0.94] versus [32.28±0.81] g/L;
P
=0.003), PA ([278.15±13.81] versus [270.31±15.08] mg/L;
P
=0.001], body mass index ([19.77±1.03] versus [19.41±0.98] kg/m
2
;
P
=0.002], FOIS (
P
<0.001), Penetration-Aspiration Scale (
P
<0.001), stroke-associated pneumonia ([1, 4.05%] versus [26, 35.14%];
P
<0.001), depression ([1, 1.35%] versus [44, 59.46%];
P
<0.001) and overall less adverse events (reflux, fever, discomfort in the throat;
P
<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

In patients with dysphagia with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke who received routine treatment and swallowing rehabilitation training, IOE is safer and more conducive to the improvement of nutritional status, swallowing function, stroke-associated pneumonia, and depression than NG.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.chictr.org.cn
; Unique identifier: ChiCTR-INC-17011741.
High performers demonstrate greater neural synchrony than low performers across behavioral domains
Authors: Chamberlain Taylor A. , Corriveau Anna , Song Hayoung , Kwon Young Hye , Yoo Kwangsun , Chun Marvin M. , Rosenberg Monica D.
Published: March 2024

Heterogeneity in brain activity can give rise to heterogeneity in behavior, which in turn comprises our distinctive characteristics as individuals. Studying the path from brain to behavior, however, often requires making assumptions about how similarity in behavior scales with similarity in brain activity. Here, we expand upon recent work (Finn et al., 2020) which proposes a theoretical framework for testing the validity of such assumptions. Using intersubject representational similarity analysis in two independent movie-watching functional MRI (fMRI) datasets, we probe how brain-behavior relationships vary as a function of behavioral domain and participant sample. We find evidence that, in some cases, the neural similarity of two individuals is not correlated with behavioral similarity. Rather, individuals with higher behavioral scores are more similar to other high scorers whereas individuals with lower behavioral scores are dissimilar from everyone else. Ultimately, our findings motivate a more extensive investigation of both the structure of brain-behavior relationships and the tacit assumption that people who behave similarly will demonstrate shared patterns of brain activity.
Homoousios or Homoiosis
Authors: Conty Arianne
Published: March 2024

This article will elucidate the philosophy of the image that developed in the wake of the Iconoclastic Controversy in the Eastern Christian Empire in the ninth Century. Iconophilia was finally reinstated after a wave of iconoclasm swept across the Empire. The controversy coincides with dramatic changes within the Byzantine empire, making it difficult to establish consensus amongst scholars regarding its possible causes. After discussing several of the theories that seek to explain the adoption of iconoclasm in the Byzantine Empire, we will seek to show how image veneration was transformed and differentiated from relic worship thanks to its encounter with iconoclasm. After reviewing icon veneration prior to the Iconoclastic Controversy, this article will elucidate the philosophy of the image developed by Patriarch Nicephorus in order to show how he differentiated veneration from idolatry by redefining the image as “similar to” (homoiosis) rather than consubstantial with (homoousios) its model. By differentiating image veneration from the theory of consubstantiality that was normative within Judaism and Islam, Christian philosophy of the image will differentiate resemblance from identity, inscription from circumscription, and thereby reveal iconoclasm to be in the eye of the beholder.
Mismatching Fragments from the Excerpta Constantiniana
Authors: Németh András
Published: March 2024

The Excerpta Constantiniana, the scarce remains of the Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII’s (sole r. 945–959) ambitious project to systematize historical works in Greek, has been long understood as a rich repository of fragments from historical texts that no longer survive in their entirety. Since the late sixteenth century, this notion encouraged antiquarian philologists to assemble fragments from otherwise lost works. The concept of reassembling fragments into lost wholes relied on the analogy of solid objects which are fragmented and can be re-unified, implying the uniformity of a single fragment. The case of the dialogue between Polybius and the weeping Scipio Aemilanus is particularly illustrative. It was first excavated as a solid fragment from Appian and became a Polybian fragment for centuries. The discovery of two versions, a legible one from Diodorus and the illegible from Polybius encouraged the reconstruction of the Polybian version based on the alternative versions, especially Appian’s. The new reading of the Polybian version in Vat. gr. 73, facilitated by multispectral photography, demonstrates that such reconstructions were at some points incorrect.
A Manuscript Used as Printer’s Copy for the Ovid of Sweynheym and Pannartz
Authors: Little William L.
Published: March 2024

This short note identifies in Ott. lat. 1972 texts of Ovid’s Epistulae ex Ponto and Heroides 15 that served as copy for the Roman editio princeps of those works printed by Sweynheym and Pannartz in 1471.
On the Yašt Gāhān (= Gāh Sārnā)
Authors: König Götz
Published: March 2024

The Gāϑās are known to be a central building block of the Yasna/Visparad liturgy as well as of the Vīdēvdād Sāde and Vīštāsp Yašt Sāde, liturgies which are based on the Visparad. The functional difference of these liturgies (the Yasna/Visparad are intertwined with sacrificial, the Vīdēvdād with purification acts; the function of the Vīštāsp Sāde is obscure) shows that the Gāϑās can be used in a variety of ritual contexts, in other words, that they are hermeneutically open.

In Zoroastrian Studies the impression prevails that the Gāϑās could and can be used only in connection with their Younger Avestan embedding in the Yasna and in the Long Liturgy. However, with the text Yašt Gāhān, in which the first Gāϑā encounters a liturgical embedding that corresponds to that of the so-called Short Liturgies, there is a counter-example attested to in the manuscripts. Remnants of a parallel use of the second Gāϑā indicate a) that once (probably before the 2nd millennium CE) all five Gāϑās could be recited in the way the Yašt Gāhān is recited still today, and b) that the five Gāϑās formed perhaps a liturgical sequence also beyond the Yasna ritual complex. Since the Yašt Gāhān is a liturgy in the context of the rites of the dead – it is recited at the moment when the corpse is lifted up and carried out of the house – it seems reasonable to assume that a recitation of all five Gāϑās formed once the chant accompanying the dead from the place of death to the daxme. Furthermore, there are indications that there was a connection between the separate recitation of the five Gāϑās and the five (or twice five) year-end days named after the five Gāϑās.