bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Extrapolation-Newmark Optimal Compensation Strategy of Real-Time Hybrid Test System
Authors: Xu Zhao-Dong , Dong Yao-Rong , Zeng Ling-Hui , Tao Yuxuan , Wei Yaxin , Kong Fan-Peng , Xu Yeshou , Li Shi-Dong , Li Weijun
Published: September 2024

Real-time hybrid test is an economical and efficient testing method to evaluate nonlinear structural performance. During the operation of real-time hybrid test, the time delay caused by the operating error of the actuator results in the worse stability and accuracy of the real-time hybrid test. To compensate for the delay of the actuator, the stability of the hybrid test system and the accuracy of the test are improved. In this paper, the advantages of the numerical integration algorithm and the linear acceleration extrapolation method are composed organically, and then a universal linear extrapolation-Newmark optimization compensation strategy is proposed to compensate for the time delay. Under the action of different seismic waves with and without the optimized compensation strategy, the self-developed DELTA-OpenSees real-time hybrid test system is used to comprehensively compare and analyze the real-time hybrid test of three-story frame structure with linear springs. The root mean square error and maximum error amplitude of the maximum error amplitude of the optimization results can reach 2.73% and 2.18%, respectively, which proves that the developed linear extrapolation-Newmark optimization compensation strategy can effectively improve the stability and accuracy of the real-time hybrid test system, and the optimization compensation strategy has good tracking performance and robustness.
Nonlinear Vibration Characteristics of All-Composite Honeycomb-Core Sandwich Panel: Theoretical and Experimental Investigation
Authors: Xu Zhuo , Chu Chen , Li Hui , Xu Pei-Yao , Sun Peng-Yao , Zhang Yong-Feng , Gu Da-Wei , Han Qing-Kai , Wen Bang-Chun
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the nonlinear vibration characteristics of all-composite honeycomb core sandwich panes (ACHCSPs) based on high-order shear deformation theory, Gibson equivalent theory, and Jones–Nelson–Hui nonlinear theory. In this model, the intermediate honeycomb layer is equivalently represented as a single layer of orthotropic material. The energy equation is established using the energy method, and the nonlinear vibration characteristics are determined using the Newton–Raphson method. To validate the model, experimental specimens of ACHCSPs are prepared, and an experimental platform is constructed for nonlinear vibration testing. Finally, the influence of honeycomb layer thickness, honeycomb unit wall thickness, and wall length on its nonlinear vibration characteristics is discussed. The results indicate that the proposed theoretical model can effectively predict the nonlinear vibration characteristics of ACHCSP. Additionally, within the allowable range, it is possible to appropriately increase the honeycomb unit wall thickness or decrease the wall length.
High-Efficiency Finite Element Model Updating of Bridge Structure Using a Novel Physics-Guided Neural Network
Authors: Wan Neng , Huang Minshui , Lei Yongzhi
Published: September 2024

An accurate finite element model (FEM) plays a critical role in the structural damage identification. However, due to the existence of the uncertainties, such as material properties and modeling errors, it always exists some gaps between the analytical FEM and experimental structure. While an artificial neural network (ANN)-based model updating methods have been widely adopted to narrow the gap and obtain a baseline FEM, it still faces inaccurate results and fails to meet the physical law. In this regard, the study proposes a novel physics-based loss function inspired by modal sensitivity analysis and incorporates it into the residual neural network, thereby forming a novel physics-guided neural network (PGNN) method. The mapping relationship between the input of structural responses and output of model updating variables is constrained to retain its physical meaning by guiding the training process instead of pure data association, which aims to improve the accuracy of the ANN-based method and achieve accurate and high-efficiency model updating. An experimental example of a continuous rigid frame bridge is adopted to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. Additionally, other common model updating methods, including moth-flame optimization and regularization method, are used to make a comparison. The noise-robustness of the proposed method is investigated as well. Compared to the existing method, the results illustrate that the proposed PGNN method can achieve better model updating and good noise-robustness under high uncertainties, which means the introduction of the physics-based loss function significantly enhances the parameters updating ability of the neural network. The proposed method exhibits high efficiency and promising potential for large-scale bridge structure model updating.
Multi-Objective Structural-Vibrational Optimization of Bi-Directional Thermal-Dependent FGM Shells Using PSO-GWO Approach
Authors: Li Mengzhen , Liu Xiaolong , Xu Jingbo , Liu Zhiping , Zhao Yingjiang
Published: September 2024

In this study, an improved multiobjective optimization approach is proposed for optimal structural-vibrational design solution of bi-directional thermal-dependent functionally graded cylindrical shells (FGCS). The first-order shear deformation theory is first applied for the dynamic modeling, and the eigenvalue equations are obtained by the Rayleigh–Ritz method. The obtained results are compared with the literature to verify the accuracy of the analytical method. On this basis, characterization studies are carried out to obtain the important influencing parameters and their value ranges. Subsequently, the numerical experiments are carried out using Design Expert to obtain multivariate polynomials for several objective functions along with the important design variables (fundamental frequency, mass and cost). In order to avoid settling into local optima, a hybrid PSO-GWO technique is used to search for Pareto optimum solutions in space. The results show that the bi-directional graded index ranging from 0 to 1 significantly influences the fundamental frequency of the system. The graded indexes and material distribution are identified as key design variables. The ideal bi-directional graded index and material distribution for functionally graded ceramic shells (FGCS) in a thermal environment are determined. The optimization process aims to balance the conflicting objectives of maximizing frequency while simultaneously minimizing both mass and cost. By addressing these trade-offs, the final design achieves an effective compromise that meets the desired performance goals and economic constraints.
Mapping the Scientific Landscape of Knowledge Management in IT SMEs: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Martins Jéssica Nunes , Bravo Jorge Miguel , Martins José Moleiro
Published: September 2024

This study embarks on a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to elucidate the intricate relationship between knowledge management capabilities and perceived performance within information technology small and medium-sized enterprises (IT SMEs). Utilizing data from the Web of Science and Scopus databases, this research meticulously examines occurrences, word frequencies, and clustering analyses to identify pivotal thematic areas influencing IT SMEs. By employing advanced tools such as RStudio software and the Biblioshiny application, the study dissects average citations per year, presenting a dynamic view of research impact and evolving significance in the domain. Authorship dynamics are explored through Lotka’s law, and geographic contributions are analyzed, highlighting the global and collaborative essence of knowledge management research. Factorial analysis further reveals layered dimensions of research trends, offering guidance for researchers and practitioners in crafting nuanced strategies. The collective insights underscore the paramount role of knowledge management in enhancing IT SMEs’ performance and competitive edge, marking a significant stride toward understanding and implementing effective knowledge management strategies in the rapidly evolving IT landscape.
Innovative Work Behavior in Response to Technology Readiness: The Role of Career Adaptability in the Ghanaian Public Sector
Authors: Kumi Ernest , Osei Hannah Vivian , Korantwi-Barimah Justice Solomon , Kumi-Richardson Evelyn Ama
Published: September 2024

Background: In an era where technological advancements are reshaping the global workforce, understanding the dynamics of technology adoption within the public sector becomes paramount. This study examines how employees in the Ghanaian public sector respond to technology readiness (TR) in terms of their career adaptability (CA) and innovative work behavior (IWB). The uniqueness of this research lies in its empirical investigation of how TR’s motivational and inhibitory dimensions influence CA and, subsequently, IWB, within a context marked by rapid digital transformation. This study is essential due to the key role of Ghana’s public sector employees in national development, especially with ongoing digitization. It fills a research gap by assessing how these employees’ psychological readiness for technology affects their careers and innovation.

Method: The study used a cross-sectional survey design and collected data from 484 public sector employees and their supervisors. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. Results: Findings reveal that optimism, insecurity, and discomfort — components of TR — exert a significant influence on CA, which in turn fosters IWB. Interestingly, innovativeness did not predict CA, suggesting a nuanced interplay between TR dimensions and adaptability. Implications: By elucidating the factors that drive CA and IWB in response to TR, this study offers valuable insights for policymakers and organizational leaders seeking to enhance employee adaptability and innovation amidst technological changes. It underscores the importance of nurturing an optimistic and secure technological environment to cultivate a resilient and forward-thinking public sector workforce. Originality/Value: This study pioneers the exploration of TR’s impact on CA and IWB, utilizing the career construction model of adaptation as a theoretical lens. The findings provide actionable strategies for bolstering the public sector’s technological and innovative capacity, informed by the empirical evidence from the surveyed sample.
Some commutativity criteria of a factor ring R/P using semiderivations of R
Authors: Bouchannafa K. , Mamouni A. , Oukhtite L.
Published: September 2024

Let [Formula: see text] be a ring and [Formula: see text] a prime ideal of [Formula: see text] This paper establishes a connection between the commutativity of the factor ring [Formula: see text] and semiderivations of [Formula: see text] satisfying some algebraic identities involving the prime ideal [Formula: see text] Moreover, we extended some results for derivations and semiderivations of prime rings to semiprime rings.
Toward a Political-Security Community in Southeast Asia: Progress, Pitfalls, and Prospects
Authors: Khoirunnisa Khoirunnisa
Published: September 2024

This paper analyzes the challenges, prospects, and security policies of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Political-Security Community within the ASEAN through a review of regional studies, an evaluation of theoretical approaches in the context of international relations, and an examination of case studies related to regional security in Southeast Asia. The challenges faced are complex, including China’s growing influence, unresolved regional disputes, the strict principle of noninterference in the internal affairs of member states, and ASEAN’s inability to safeguard human rights in the region. Through case study analysis, this paper concludes that the principle of multilateralism is being tested by the complex relationships and interactions among the states within ASEAN. Measuring the progress of security cooperation within the ASEAN cooperation framework has proven difficult due to the complexity of geopolitical and geoeconomic interests, as well as territorial boundaries. ASEAN’s inherently weak foundation further complicates this assessment. Moreover, regional developments have limited ASEAN’s capacity to fulfill its fundamental objective of building a stable political environment in Southeast Asia. Ongoing developments in the region have constrained ASEAN’s capacity to effectively fulfill its core mission of creating a stable political environment in the region.
Caught in the Clash of Titans: A Comparative Study of Indonesian and Vietnamese Strategic Hedging
Authors: Anh Vu Minh , Sanjaya Trystanto
Published: September 2024

This paper looks into the case of Southeast Asian states’ policy of hedging toward the U.S.-China competition. It examines Indonesian and Vietnamese similar approach to their respective relations with China and the United States in a shifting regional landscape, despite the fact that the two Southeast states have different ideologies and political systems. The authors argue that the fear of abandonment and entrapment drives the Southeast Asian states’ policy preferences to ensure that the United States and China accommodate their interests. Historical baggage, especially the negative historical experiences of both countries with the United States and China, also inhibits the formation of military alliances with the superpowers. This paper compares the two influential Southeast Asian countries in detail and avoids “regional generalizations” about the countries in the region.
The Belt and Road Initiative: Catalyzing Human Capital Development and Technological Innovation for Sustainable Growth
Authors: Shahzad Aamir , Rashid Hamza , Abbas Syed Mudasser
Published: September 2024

Belt and road initiative (BRI) is a comprehensive megaproject launched in 2013 by China to realize global connectivity, particularly in infrastructure, trade, and investment of the participating countries. This conceptual review paper examines the BRI’s role as a catalyst for poverty alleviation through its focus on human capital development (HCD) and technological innovation. In the context of the BRI projects, people-to-people exchanges, knowledge transfer, and various skill-building initiatives result in sustainable economic growth in the participating countries. The paper also examines the BRI’s role in driving technological development through investing in research and development (R&D) that ultimately leads to technology diffusion to modernize industries and reduce poverty. It also examines the interaction between human capital and technology as a cyclical relationship; these two complement each other in the cycle of productivity and inclusive development of an economy. A three-pillar model is also presented in the study to support the proper utilization and implementation of the BRI projects and maintain sustainability for inclusive development.
Cannabis Home Cultivation and Residential Water Use: Evidence from New Mexico
Authors: Stith Sarah S. , Paudel Swarup
Published: September 2024

On June 29, 2021, cannabis home cultivation of up to six plants per person became legal in the water-scarce, desert state of New Mexico in the southwestern United States. This study explores the likely effects of this policy change on residential water use, a topic on which the existing literature is silent. Survey data on home cultivation, associated water use and growing decisions and substitution with dispensary-sourced cannabis were collected from 532 New Mexicans in Spring 2023 to assess how legalization changed home cultivation behaviors, including water use. Residential water utility data, collected between January 2017 and April 2022 and consisting of 2,073,751 month-level observations from 35,351 households located in the state capital, Santa Fe, were used to study monthly residential water use pre- and post-HCL. The survey responses suggest increased water use following HCL, and that such effects are likely to persist and even increase in the future with 12% of respondents reporting past home cultivation, 19% reporting current home cultivation and 40% of respondents intending to home cultivate in the future. Retention rates in home cultivation are high — 90% of current home cultivators intend to home cultivate in the future, despite increasing access to dispensary-sourced cannabis. An increasing number of home cultivators grow indoors, most home cultivators use public utility water and dispensary-sourced cannabis is a substitute for many home cultivators. Regression analyses of the residential water use data show a modest increase in water use of around 105 gallons per household per month, following HCL, but lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in Summer 2021 may exist. More specifically, residential water use was declining prior to COVID, experienced a surge during Summer 2020 and then continued its overall decline but at a slower rate following HCL. Associations between HCL and water use exhibit significant heterogeneity by Census-Tract-level per capita income and population density. These descriptive results highlight the need for future causal analyses of primary water utility data in order to disentangle the relationship between legalization of home cultivation and water use. In the meantime, educating home cultivators on water-saving cultivation methods, e.g., growing indoors, could help reduce any impact of legalizing cannabis home cultivation on water use, of particular importance to geographic areas with limited water resources. Survey responses indicate that increasing dispensary prices or decreasing dispensary access will increase home cultivation, with the relative amount of water used by commercial versus home cultivators also a topic for future research.
The elliptope and bounds in the rotational dynamics of rigid bodies
Authors: Ferrer Sebastián , Molero Francisco J. , Crespo Francisco
Published: September 2024

The main result of this paper establishes a new polynomial relation among several projections of the angular momentum vector on the spatial and moving frames involved in the rotational dynamics of rigid bodies. This relation is surprisingly simple to derive and provides a geometric insight into the attitude dynamics of bodies with axial symmetry, explaining the bounds for the nutation angle [Formula: see text].
Petroleum systems modelling in thick-skinned structures: an assessment of potential accumulations in the Axial Zone of the Colombian Eastern Cordillera
Authors: Tarazona Nicolas , Mora Andrés
Published: September 2024

The main anticlines in the Axial Zone of the Eastern Cordillera are conspicuous geomorphic features that can be detected with remote sensing images and geological mapping. In this work, the anticlines that exhibit conspicuous double-plunging three- or four-way closures that are preferentially located in the region immediately north of Bogotá within the Axial Zone were first documented. The main structural style was then illustrated with balanced cross-sections. After this type of structure had been identified, 19 one-dimensional petroleum systems models were produced in the adjacent synclines to assess the timing of generation and migration of petroleum using optimistic source-rock parameters. Two different scenarios were modelled, one of them having an additional 900 m of deposited Paleogene sediments. Based on these models, maps for the transformation ratio and hydrocarbon expulsion from the main source rock (the Chipaque Formation) were created in order to assess the timing of the main generation and expulsion. This allowed us to document that the main phase of generation occurred between the Late Eocene and the Middle Miocene. Previous studies have supported the idea that the main structures had formed by the Late Oligocene–Early Miocene. Based on this, it was concluded that it would have been possible for gas and light crude oil accumulations to have formed at that time but there was the problem of their preservation. However, the modelling of petroleum generation in the updip sectors of the potential kitchens may suggest an undiscovered potential that has not previously been documented.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Smart Government Development and Applications
Authors: Terán Luis , Vaca Carmen , Riofrio Daniel , Stürmer Matthias
Published: September 2024

An information and knowledge society creates value by gathering, processing, evaluating, and sharing digital products and services. Knowledge society relies on emerging technologies with intelligence and automation for information and communication processes between governmental institutions, private companies, and citizens to facilitate and support better planning and decision-making. Relying on advanced information and communication technologies demands new ways of smart government with data-driven, citizen-centric, and performance-focused governance. The main objectives of the Special Issue are as follows: first, to share the theoretical advances and practical cases of smart government applied in the academic and public sectors, as well as industry; second, to discuss the progress and challenges in innovative smart government service design, implementation, and delivery pipelines. The special issue features contributions from representatives of governments, international organizations, and researchers around the globe on technical and non-technical aspects of smart government, smart health, smart and cognitive cities, smart democracy, smart society, and digital ethics.
Relational Prompt-Based Pre-Trained Language Models for Social Event Detection
Authors: Li Pu , Yu Xiaoyan , Peng Hao , Xian Yantuan , Wang Linqin , Sun Li , Zhang Jingyun , Yu Philip S.
Published: September 2024

Social Event Detection (SED) aims to identify significant events from social streams, and has a wide application ranging from public opinion analysis to risk management. In recent years, Graph Neural Network (GNN) based solutions have achieved state-of-the-art performance. However, GNN-based methods often struggle with missing and noisy edges between messages, affecting the quality of learned message embedding. Moreover, these methods statically initialize node embedding before training, which, in turn, limits the ability to learn from message texts and relations simultaneously. In this article, we approach social event detection from a new perspective based on Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs), and present

\(\mathrm{RPLM}_{SED}\)

(
R
elational prompt-based
P
re-trained
L
anguage
M
odels for
S
ocial
E
vent
D
etection). We first propose a new pairwise message modeling strategy to construct social messages into message pairs with multi-relational sequences. Secondly, a new multi-relational prompt-based pairwise message learning mechanism is proposed to learn more comprehensive message representation from message pairs with multi-relational prompts using PLMs. Thirdly, we design a new clustering constraint to optimize the encoding process by enhancing intra-cluster compactness and inter-cluster dispersion, making the message representation more distinguishable. We evaluate the

\(\mathrm{RPLM}_{SED}\)

on three real-world datasets, demonstrating that the

\(\mathrm{RPLM}_{SED}\)

model achieves state-of-the-art performance in offline, online, low-resource, and long-tail distribution scenarios for social event detection tasks.
LILOC: Leveraging LiDARs for Accurate 3D Localization in Dynamic Indoor Environments
Authors: Rathnayake Darshana , Radhakrishnan Meera , Hwang Inseok , Misra Archan
Published: September 2024

We present
LiLoc
, a system for precise 3D localization and tracking of mobile IoT devices (e.g., robots) in indoor environments using multi-perspective LiDAR sensing.
LiLoc
stands out with two key differentiators. First, unlike traditional localization approaches, our method remains robust in dynamically changing environments, adeptly handling varying crowd levels and object layout changes. Second,
LiLoc
is independent of pre-built static maps, employing dynamically updated point clouds from infrastructural-mounted LiDARs and LiDARs on individual IoT devices. For fine-grained, near real-time tracking,
LiLoc
intermittently utilizes complex 3D “global” registration between point clouds for robust spot location estimates. It further complements this with simpler “local” registrations, continuously updating IoT device trajectories. We demonstrate that
LiLoc
can (a) support accurate location tracking with location and pose estimation error being ≦7.4 cm and ≦3.2°, respectively, for 84% of the time and the median error increasing only marginally (8%), for correctly estimated trajectories, when the ambient environment is dynamic; (b) achieve a 36% reduction in median location estimation error compared to an approach that uses only quasi-static global point cloud; and (c) obtain spot location estimates with a latency of only 973 msec. We also demonstrate how
LiLoc
efficiently integrates low-power inertial sensing, using a novel integration of inertial-based displacement to accelerate the local registration process, to enhance localization energy efficiency and latency.
mmBox: Harnessing Millimeter-Wave Signals for Reliable Vehicle and Pedestrians Detection
Authors: Gu Zhuangzhuang , Regmi Hem , Sur Sanjib
Published: September 2024

Object detection plays a pivotal role in various fields, for example, a smart traffic system relies on the detected results for decision-making. However, existing studies predominately utilize optical camera and LiDAR, which exhibit limitations in adverse outdoor environments, such as foggy weather. To address these challenges, millimeter-waves (mmWaves) attract researchers’ attention to detect objects in severe conditions since they can work effectively in low-visibility conditions and overcome small obstacles. Yet, previous mmWave-based works have shown limited performance, such as no shape information for objects. Therefore, we design and implement a two-stage system,
mmBox
, to accurately predict bounding boxes with depth for vehicles and pedestrians, which first generates heatmaps in different dimensions and then leverages a deep learning model to extract features for predictions. To evaluate the performance of
mmBox
, we collected real-world mmWave reflections from urban traffic intersections and dense-fog environments. The extensive evaluation metrics show remarkable accuracy and the low latency of our model.
CodeScore: Evaluating Code Generation by Learning Code Execution
Authors: Dong Yihong , Ding Jiazheng , Jiang Xue , Li Ge , Li Zhuo , Jin Zhi
Published: September 2024

A proper code evaluation metric (CEM) profoundly impacts the evolution of code generation, which is an important research field in NLP and software engineering. Prevailing match-based CEMs (e.g., BLEU, Accuracy, and CodeBLEU) suffer from two significant drawbacks. 1. They primarily measure the surface differences between codes without considering their functional equivalence. However, functional equivalence is pivotal in evaluating the effectiveness of code generation, as different codes can perform identical operations. 2. They are predominantly designed for the Ref-only input format. However, code evaluation necessitates versatility in input formats. Aside from Ref-only, there are NL-only and Ref and NL formats, which existing match-based CEMs cannot effectively accommodate. In this article, we propose CodeScore, a large language model (LLM)-based CEM, which estimates the functional correctness of generated code on three input types. To acquire CodeScore, we present UniCE, a unified code generation learning framework, for LLMs to learn code execution (i.e., learning PassRatio and Executability of generated code) with unified input. Extensive experimental results on multiple code evaluation datasets demonstrate that CodeScore absolutely improves up to 58.87% correlation with functional correctness compared to other CEMs, achieves state-of-the-art performance, and effectively handles three input formats.
Investigating Threats Posed by SMS Origin Spoofing to IoT Devices
Authors: Tsunoda Akaki
Published: September 2024

The short message service (SMS) is a service for exchanging texts via mobile networks that has been developed not only as a means of text communication between subscribers but also as a means to remotely manage Internet of Things (IoT) devices. However, the originating number of an SMS can be spoofed. If IoT devices authenticate administrators based on the originating number of an SMS, the authentication is bypassed via SMS origin spoofing. Consequently, IoT devices are at risk of accepting commands from attackers and performing unauthorized actions. Accordingly, in this study, the specifications of major cellular IoT gateways were evaluated by focusing on remote management via SMS, and the authentication bypass hypothesis was verified. The results showed that 25 of the 32 targeted products supported SMS-based remote management, and 20 implemented authentication based on the originating number of the SMS. Furthermore, by spoofing the originating number of the SMS, one product was demonstrated to be remotely exploitable through authentication bypassing. Thus, this study revealed the threats posed by SMS origin spoofing to IoT devices and proved that SMS origin spoofing not only threatens text communication between people but also puts machine communication at risk.
The Star–Planet Composition Connection
Authors: Teske Johanna K.
Published: September 2024

The mantra “know thy star, know thy planet” has proven to be very important for many aspects of exoplanet science. Here I review how stellar abundances inform our understanding of planet composition and, thus, formation and evolution. In particular, I discuss how:
▪The strongest star–planet connection is still the giant planet–metallicity correlation, the strength of which may indicate a break point between the formation of planets versus brown dwarfs.▪We do not have very good constraints on the lower metallicity limit for planet formation, although new statistics from TESS are helping, and it appears that, at low [Fe/H], α elements can substitute for iron as seeds for planet formation.▪The depletion of refractory versus volatile elements in stellar photospheres (particularly the Sun) was initially suggested as a sign of small planet formation but is challenging to interpret, and small differences in binary star compositions can be attributed mostly to processes other than planet formation.▪We can and should go beyond comparisons of the carbon-to-oxygen ratio in giant planets and their host stars, incorporating other volatile and refractory species to better constrain planet formation pathways.▪There appears to be a positive correlation between small planet bulk density and host star metallicity, but exactly how closely small planet refractory compositions match those of their host stars—and their true diversity—is still uncertain.
Unraveling the Structure and Composition of Li4Mn2O4.5 (Li2O·Li0.667Mn1.333O2) Electrodes for Lithium Batteries Using a High-Temperature Synthesis Approach
Authors: Tornheim Adam P. , Vu Anh , Roy Indrani , Johnson Christopher S. , Croy Jason R. , Thackeray Michael M.
Published: September 2024

This paper addresses the debate about the composition and structure of a lithium-rich manganese oxide electrode with a fully disordered rock salt component, Li4Mn2O5 (or Li2O·2LiMnO2), first reported by Freire et al. in 2016; it is typically prepared by a high-energy ball milling procedure. It has now been demonstrated that, when prepared at 800°C, the formula of this compound is Li4Mn2O4.5, alternatively Li2O·Li0.667Mn1.333O2, or close thereto. The cubic, disordered Li0.667Mn1.333O2 (or Li0.333Mn0.667O) rock salt component, in which the manganese ions adopt an average oxidation state of 2.5+, transforms to a clearly-defined spinel configuration during electrochemical cycling. The electrochemical activation process that occurs during the initial charge reaction includes the oxidation of the manganese ions by oxygen released by the Li2O component between 4.5 and 4.6 V. In complete contrast, nickel- and nickel-cobalt-substituted electrodes, such as Li2O·2LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 (Li4MnNiO5) and Li2O·2LiMn0.475Ni0.475Co0.050O2 (Li4Mn0.95Ni0.95Co0.10O5), in which the manganese ions adopt a tetravalent state, have completely disordered rock salt components that are electrochemically inactive.
Convolution Analysis in Electrodeposition
Authors: Lazicki Andrew , Ringwald Jenna , Leddy Johna
Published: September 2024

Convolution is a well established method for data analysis for electrochemical processes where both product and reactants are soluble. Advantages of convolution analysis include (a) facile evaluation of kinetic and system parameters, (b) ready corrections for nonfaradaic uncompensated resistance and double layer charging, (c) track of surface concentrations with time, independent of the voltage perturbation sequence, and (d) ease of convolution calculation from digitized current data. Here, equations are derived for convolution of electrodeposition data and a data analysis protocol is presented. Advantages are found for convolution analysis in electrodeposition. Parameters that can be determined from convolution analysis in electrodeposition are standard heterogeneous rate constant k
0 and exchange current density j
0, transfer coefficients α and β, formal potential

E

0
′

, resistance to charge transfer, and diffusion coefficient of the solution soluble reactant D

M
. Convolution in electrodeposition is illustrated for silver deposited from an ionic liquid onto a glassy carbon electrode, where experimental data are tracked cyclic voltammetrically.
Editors’ Choice—Review—Sensor-Based and Computational Methods for Error Detection and Correction in 3D Printing
Authors: Mehta Prateek , Mujawar Mubarak A. , Lafrance Samantha , Bernadin Shonda , Ewing Daniel , Bhansali Shekhar
Published: September 2024

Additive manufacturing in the realm of 3D printing has transformed the manufacturing sector, providing unmatched freedom in design and rapid prototyping abilities. However, a significant obstacle hindering its broader acceptance is the susceptibility to errors. These errors can take diverse forms, including layer shifting, under extrusion, and surface imperfections, ultimately resulting in unsuccessful prints or parts with weakened mechanical characteristics. Advanced error detection and correction methods are crucial for ensuring reliability and enhancing productivity. This paper reviews the current state-of-the-art in error detection techniques using various sensors in 3D printing, summarizing vision-based and fluctuation-based approaches for data collection and the use of a model-based approach for data interpretation. It further describes these techniques enable correction in 3D printing through sensor calibration, predictive modeling, specialized tools, and equipment specific techniques. The paper concludes by proposing a novel approach of combining advanced error detection and correction techniques into a comprehensive end-to-end error detection and correction methodology as a foundational building block for significantly improving the efficiency and yield in additive manufacturing processes.
Dual-edged role of SIRT1 in energy metabolism and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Zhou Redemptor , Barnes Kaleb , Gibson Savannah , Fillmore Natasha
Published: September 2024

Regulation of energy metabolism is pivotal in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Dysregulation in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation has been linked to cardiac lipid accumulation and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a deacetylase that regulates the acetylation of various proteins involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism. SIRT1 mediates energy metabolism by directly and indirectly affecting multiple aspects of mitochondrial processes, such as mitochondrial biogenesis. SIRT1 interacts with essential mitochondrial energy regulators such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), PPARγ coactivator-1α, estrogen-related receptor-α, and their downstream targets. Apart from that, SIRT1 regulates additional proteins, including forkhead box protein O1 and AMP-activated protein kinase in cardiac disease. Interestingly, studies have also shown that the expression of SIRT1 plays a dual-edged role in energy metabolism. Depending on the physiological state, SIRT1 expression can be detrimental or protective. This review focuses on the molecular pathways through which SIRT1 regulates energy metabolism in cardiovascular diseases. We will review SIRT1 and discuss its role in cardiac energy metabolism and its benefits and detrimental effects in heart disease.
pH-sensing GPR68 inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation through Rap1A
Authors: Williams Madison D. , Morgan Joshua S. , Bullock Michael T. , Poovey Cere E. , Wisniewski Michael E. , Francisco Jake T. , Barajas-Nunez Jerry A. , Hijazi Amira M. , Theobald Drew , Sriramula Srinivas , Mansfield Kyle D. , Holland Nathan A. , Tulis David A.
Published: September 2024

Extracellular acidosis remains an understudied feature of many pathologies. We examined a potential regulatory role for pH-sensing GPR68 in vascular smooth muscle (VSM) growth in the context of CVD. With in vivo and in vitro growth models with GPR68-deficient mice and GPR68 induction strategies, novel findings revealed capacity of GPR68 to attenuate growth through the small GTPase Rap1A. These observations highlight GPR68 and its effector Rap1A as possible therapeutic targets to combat pathological VSM growth.
Exploring the roles of SPARC as a proinflammatory factor and its potential as a novel therapeutic target against cardiovascular disease
Authors: Toba Hiroe , Takai Shinji
Published: September 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, and the number of patients with CVD continues to increase despite extensive research and developments in this field. Chronic inflammation is a pivotal pathological component of CVD, and unveiling new proinflammatory factors will help devise novel preventive and therapeutic strategies. The extracellular matrix (ECM) not only provides structural support between cells but also contributes to cellular functions. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a collagen-binding matricellular protein that is particularly induced during development and tissue remodeling. A proinflammatory role for SPARC has been demonstrated in various animal models, such as in the lipopolysaccharide-induced footpad model and dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model. Recent clinical studies reported a positive correlation between elevated plasma SPARC levels and hypertension, obesity, and the inflammatory marker high-sensitive C-reactive protein. In addition, SPARC gene deletion attenuates the cardiac injury induced by aging, myocardial infarction, and pressure load, suggesting that SPARC has deleterious effects on CVD. This review summarizes the regulatory and proinflammatory mechanisms of SPARC on CVD, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cerebrovascular disease and discusses the rationale behind measuring SPARC as a biomarker of CVD and the effects of inhibition of SPARC in the prevention and treatment of CVD.
Soil‐Transmitted Helminths in Kindergarten Children: Prevalence, Intensity and Associated Factors in Bule Hora Town
Authors: Dedecha Wako , Gemechu Tibeso , Husen Oliyad , Jarso Habtemu , Bati Lenco
Published: September 2024

Background: Soil‐transmitted helminth (STH) infections are a common problem in Ethiopia. This parasite affects the physical and mental development of children, causing malnutrition and iron deficiency anaemia. However, there are inadequate studies that demonstrate the extent of STHs and associated factors among kindergarten children in South Ethiopia, particularly in the study area.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence, intensity, and associated factors of STH infection among kindergarten students in Bule Hora town.

Methods: An institution‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 235 kindergarten children in Bule Hora town from January to February 2023. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect information on associated factors. EpiData and SPSS were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors.

Results: In the present study, the prevalence of STH was 28.5% (95% CI: 22.7%–34.3%). A. lumbricoides 26 (11.1%) was the most common parasite identified. The arithmetic mean (+SD) of the egg counts for each species of STHs was as follows: A. Lumbricoides 1886.9 (+2103.2), T. Trichiura 299.2 (+305.8), and hookworms 756.1 (+739.4). Factors that showed significant association in the current study were hand washing after the toilet (AOR: 2.992, 95% CI: 1.299–6.891,), fingernail trimming (AOR: 3.646, 95% CI: 1.704–7.798,), and shoe wearing habit (AOR: 2.143, 95% CI: 1.170–3.924,).

Conclusion: STH infection is a health problem among kindergarten children in Bule Hora town. Comprehensive health education on the value of hygienic habits, improved sanitation, and routine deworming of kindergarten children should be included in prevention and control efforts.
Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Disparities in Meeting Physical Activity Guidelines among Female Breast Cancer Survivors in the United States
Authors: Wojcik Kaitlyn M. , Wilson Oliver W.A. , Shiels Meredith S. , Sheppard Vanessa B. , Jayasekera Jinani
Published: September 2024

Background:

Cancer survivors show low physical activity participation rates in the United States. However, there are limited national-level data on disparities in the prevalence of meeting physical activity guidelines among women with and without breast cancer. We aimed to evaluate national-level trends in meeting physical activity guidelines across demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of breast cancer survivors and women without cancer.

Methods:

Data for women ≥35 years of age with and without breast cancer were obtained from the 2004 to 2018 National Health Interview Survey. We used National Health Interview Survey sample weights to generate national-level prevalence estimates and calculate absolute and relative indices of disparity for breast cancer survivors and women without cancer meeting aerobic (150 minutes/week) and muscle-strengthening guidelines (2 sessions/week) stratified by demographic (e.g., race/ethnicity) and socioeconomic (e.g., homeownership) characteristics.

Results:

We included 5,845 breast cancer survivors and 160,162 women without cancer. The weighted percentage of breast cancer survivors meeting aerobic guidelines was 37.7% compared with 40.9% of women without cancer. Fewer women met muscle-strengthening guidelines. There were lower proportions of women who were younger (<50-years), were non-Hispanic Black, were Hispanic, worked 35+ hours/week, or rented their home among breast cancer survivors meeting aerobic guidelines compared with women without cancer meeting aerobic guidelines.

Conclusions:

Breast cancer survivors were less likely to meet physical activity guidelines compared with women without cancer. Demographic and socioeconomic disparities may exist among breast cancer survivors and women without cancer meeting physical activity guidelines.

Impact:

Targeted interventions may be necessary to address low physical activity participation among breast cancer survivors.
Supplementary Table S5 from A Phase II Placebo-Controlled Study of the Effect and Safety of Nanvuranlat in Patients with Advanced Biliary Tract Cancers Previously Treated by Systemic Chemotherapy
Authors: Furuse Junji , Ikeda Masafumi , Ueno Makoto , Furukawa Masayuki , Morizane Chigusa , Takehara Tetsuo , Nishina Tomohiro , Todaka Akiko , Okano Naohiro , Hara Kazuo , Nakai Yousuke , Ohkawa Kazuyoshi , Sasaki Takashi , Sugimori Kazuya , Yokoyama Naoyuki , Yamamoto Kouji
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Table S5. Serious adverse events occurring in patients with BTC.
Supplementary Table S4 from A Phase II Placebo-Controlled Study of the Effect and Safety of Nanvuranlat in Patients with Advanced Biliary Tract Cancers Previously Treated by Systemic Chemotherapy
Authors: Furuse Junji , Ikeda Masafumi , Ueno Makoto , Furukawa Masayuki , Morizane Chigusa , Takehara Tetsuo , Nishina Tomohiro , Todaka Akiko , Okano Naohiro , Hara Kazuo , Nakai Yousuke , Ohkawa Kazuyoshi , Sasaki Takashi , Sugimori Kazuya , Yokoyama Naoyuki , Yamamoto Kouji
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Table S4. Adverse events occurring in patients with BTC, shown by “All grades.”.
Supplementary Table S3 from A Phase II Placebo-Controlled Study of the Effect and Safety of Nanvuranlat in Patients with Advanced Biliary Tract Cancers Previously Treated by Systemic Chemotherapy
Authors: Furuse Junji , Ikeda Masafumi , Ueno Makoto , Furukawa Masayuki , Morizane Chigusa , Takehara Tetsuo , Nishina Tomohiro , Todaka Akiko , Okano Naohiro , Hara Kazuo , Nakai Yousuke , Ohkawa Kazuyoshi , Sasaki Takashi , Sugimori Kazuya , Yokoyama Naoyuki , Yamamoto Kouji
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Table S3. Demographic and disease characteristics of the patients from the high and low LAT1 subgroups.
Supplementary Table S1 from Low-Dose Ionizing γ-Radiation Elicits the Extrusion of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps
Authors: Teijeira Alvaro , Garasa Saray , Ochoa Maria C. , Sanchez-Gregorio Sandra , Gomis Gabriel , Luri-Rey Carlos , Martinez-Monge Rafael , Pinci Beatrice , Valencia Karmele , Palencia Belen , Barbés Benigno , Bolaños Elixabet , Azpilikueta Arantza , García-Cardosa Marina , Burguete Javier , Eguren-Santamaría Iñaki , Garate-Soraluze Eneko , Berraondo Pedro , Perez-Gracia Jose L. , de Andrea Carlos E. , Rodriguez-Ruiz Maria E. , Melero Ignacio
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Table S1. Description of the cohorts of patients undergoing radiotherapy.
Supplementary Figure S2 from A Phase II Placebo-Controlled Study of the Effect and Safety of Nanvuranlat in Patients with Advanced Biliary Tract Cancers Previously Treated by Systemic Chemotherapy
Authors: Furuse Junji , Ikeda Masafumi , Ueno Makoto , Furukawa Masayuki , Morizane Chigusa , Takehara Tetsuo , Nishina Tomohiro , Todaka Akiko , Okano Naohiro , Hara Kazuo , Nakai Yousuke , Ohkawa Kazuyoshi , Sasaki Takashi , Sugimori Kazuya , Yokoyama Naoyuki , Yamamoto Kouji
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Figure S2. Overall Survival Kaplan-Meier plot (FAS).
Supplemental Table S4 from Tumor-Localized Interleukin-2 and Interleukin-12 Combine with Radiation Therapy to Safely Potentiate Regression of Advanced Malignant Melanoma in Pet Dogs
Authors: Stinson Jordan A. , Barbosa Matheus Moreno P. , Sheen Allison , Momin Noor , Fink Elizabeth , Hampel Jordan , Selting Kim A. , Kamerer Rebecca L. , Bailey Keith L. , Wittrup Karl D. , Fan Timothy M.
Published: September 2024

Supplemental Table S4. Enrollment characteristics and patient tumor staging for cytokine-only treatment cohort.
Supplemental Table S3 from Tumor-Localized Interleukin-2 and Interleukin-12 Combine with Radiation Therapy to Safely Potentiate Regression of Advanced Malignant Melanoma in Pet Dogs
Authors: Stinson Jordan A. , Barbosa Matheus Moreno P. , Sheen Allison , Momin Noor , Fink Elizabeth , Hampel Jordan , Selting Kim A. , Kamerer Rebecca L. , Bailey Keith L. , Wittrup Karl D. , Fan Timothy M.
Published: September 2024

Supplemental Table S3. Patient characteristics of cytokine-only treatment cohort.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Associations of Immune Checkpoint Predictive Biomarkers (MHC-I and MHC-II) with Clinical and Molecular Features in a Diverse Breast Cancer Cohort
Authors: Sun Xiaopeng , Kennedy Laura C. , Gonzalez-Ericsson Paula I. , Sanchez Violeta , Sanders Melinda , Perou Charles M. , Troester Melissa A. , Balko Justin M. , Reid Sonya A.
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Figure 1: MHC-I and MHC-II expression is associated with Race. The log10(n+1) normalized (A) percentage of MHC-I+ tumor cells and (B) percentage of MHC-II+ tumor cells are compared between Black and Non-Black patients. Student t-test was used.