bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Levnedsberetning til Ordenskapitlet 1907
Authors: Lange H.O. , Larsen Svend
Published: October 2020

H. O. Lange: Levnedsberetning til Ordenskapitlet 1907

Forord ved vicedirektør Svend Larsen, Statsbiblioteket i Århus
Kronik
Authors: Leergaard Joan
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Tyverierne fra Det Kongelige Bibliotek før 1978 under opklaring; Musikafdelingen 12 5 år; Klippoteket og Arkiv for Dansk Jazzhistorie - oversigter nu online; Ny jazzdiskografi på cd The jazz Discography afTom Lord er nu tilgængelig som cd på Center for Musik og Teater; Danske nodeskriftprøver på nettet; Rischel og Birket-Smiths samling af trykte noder nu online; Middelalder korbog på nettet; Poul Reumerts samling kan søges online; Præsentation af Albansk Samling i Contessa Entelina på Sicilien; Orfeus online; Tegninger fra Georgia på nettet; Tilvækst i registrering af Udenlandske Ældre Samling på nettet; Brugerundersøgelse af Det Kongelige Bibliotek som universitetsbibliotek; Ny udlånsaftale i Øresundsregionen forbedrer de studerendes adgang til litteratur; Bogudgivelser og nye tidsskrifter; Carl Nielsen Studies; Diamanten - nyt kulturblad; Føreren har ordet! – boglancering; Nyt nummer af Fund og forskning; Et leksikon bliver til; Ny bog om nybyggeri og udviklingslinier for biblioteker i Østersøområdet; Foredrag; Brunch på Biblioteket; Udstillinger; Musikarrangementer; Erhvervelser
Kronik og publikationer
Authors: Philipson Lotte
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Nyt samlet Universitetsbibliotek - vil styrke og samordne biblioteksbetjeningen af Københavns Universitet; Danmarks Natur- og Lægevidenskabelige Bibliotek og Det Kongelige Bibliotek sammenlægges til: "Det Kongelige Bibliotek, Nationalbibliotek og Københavns Universi­tetsbibliotek"; Det Kongelige Bibliotek på nettet; Udstillinger; Foredrag; Koncerter; Erhvervelser; Udlån til udstillinger; Publikationer;
Kronik & Publikationer
Authors: Philipson Lotte
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Bøger og bibliotek; Aldrig har så mange lånt så meget; Det Kongelige Bibliotek satte i 2005 rekord i det samlede udlån, som steg fra 2,1 til 2,5 mio.; Biblioteker United; Sammen igen efter mere end 500 år; Ved en ceremoni 19. juni 2006 i Vor Frue Kirke i København festligholdt Københavns Universitetsbibliotek og Københavns Universitet, at de atter er samlet i ét fælles bibliotek, der er Danmarks største; Forlag og bibliotek skriver historie; Museum Tusculanums Forlag (MTF) har som det første danske forlag solgt hele sin pakke af elektroniske bøger og tidsskrifter til Danmarks største universitetsbibliotek, Københavns Universitetsbibliotek (KUB); Udvidelse af Njalsgade 112; Den 8. maj 2006 tog kulturminister Brian Mikkelsen og rektor for Københavns Universitet Ralf Hemmingsen første spadestik til udvidelsen af byggeriet på Njalsgade 112; PLANETS og det digitale bibliotek; PLANETS skal sikre mod huller i digital lageret; Det Kongelige Bibliotek på nettet; Udstillinger; Foredrag; Koncerter; Udlån til udstillinger; Erhvervelser; Publikationer
Kronik og publikationer
Authors: Philipson Lotte
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Bøger og bibliotek;  En million kr. fra Kobenhavns Universitet til udvikling af studiemiljø ved KUB Nord;  bevar bogen; Det Kongelige Bibliotek på nettet; Udstillinger; SPOR; Bo Bojesen 1923-2006; Sven Brasch 1886-1970; Foredrag; Dchattcr i Diamanten; Armslængde til mæcenen?; Hvad skal vi med kulturjournalistik­ken?; Musik; Erhvervelser; Publikationer
Kronik
Authors: Philipson Lotte
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Bøger og bibliotek; Det Samfundsvidenskabelige Fakultetsbibliotek, Gothersgade 140; Det Samfundsvidenskabelige Fakultets­ bibliotek har slået dørene op til et nyt studiecenter i det tidligere Botanisk Laboratorium; Fiolstræde havde sidste åbningsdag 8. april 2009; Det smukke bibliotek i Fiolstræde er ikke længere rammen om en klassisk biblioteksvirksomhed; Bogsalen i Fiolstræde vil dog fremover skulle fungere som læse­ og arbejdssal; Carl Nielsens værker er nu udgivet og kommenteret i 35 bind; Det Kongelige Bibliotek på nettet; Udstillinger; Foredragsrækken Kunst & Kærlighed; International forfatterscene; Jan Kjærstad; Salman Rushdie; Musik; STUDENTS ONLY!; Erhvervelser; Publikationer
Kronik og publikationer
Authors: Philipson Lotte
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Bøger og bibliotek; Dansk Center for Musikudgivelse; Det Kongelige Bibliotek på nettet; Udstillinger; Foredragsrække; Kultur, romantik og nation; International forfatterscene; Ben Okri; Lars Saabye Christensen; Andre foredrag, debat og brunch; Outgames: One Love City; Musik; Erhvervelser; Publikationer; indkaldelse af ansøgninger til Frimærkehandler og jernbanehistoriker Peer Olav Thomassens Fond;
Kronik og publikationer
Authors: Philipson Lotte
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Bøger og bibliotek; De ældste danske bøger digitaliseres; Udstillinger; Foredrag og debat; International forfatterscene; Dario Fo; Monica Ali; Fra skitse til Sort Diamant; H.O. Lange-Prisen til Steffen Heiberg; Musik; Erhvervelser; Publikationer
Kronik og publikationer
Authors: Philipson Lotte
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Bøger og bibliotek; Danmarks ældste musik fra 1170 udgivet; Øget fart på tilkørslen til bibliotekets digitale motorveje; Det Kongelige Bibliotek på nettet; Udstillinger; Foredrag; International forfatterscene; Sjón; Musik; Erhvervelser; Publikationer;
Kronik og Publikationer
Authors: Philipson Lotte
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Det Kongelige Bibliotek på mobilen; Det Kongelige Biblioteks søgesystem REX er nu tilgængelig i en mobilgrænseflade; Det Kongelige Bibliotek på nettet; Udstillinger; Foredrag; International forfatterscene; Et Øjeblik; Operaintroduktioner; Vidensfestival 2012; Konference: Ekstremisme og Eksklusion; liT.house; Musik; Erhvervelser; Publikationer
Kronik
Authors: Meile Jakob Kyril
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Wikipedian in residence; Ny organisation af Nationalbiblioteket; Ny musik i “Skåret”; KUBIS-2-aftale; PLANETS/Open Planets Foundation (OPF); Et moderne bibliotek – nu med 3D;  Udstillinger Foredrag;  International Forfatterscene; liT.house; Koncerter ATS Live 2012; Erhvervelser Berigtigelser
Den kloge mand i ølglasset - og andre historier
Authors: Munk Kirstine
Published: October 2020

De "kloge folk", der kan kurere alskens dårligdomme, giver deres patienter nogle overraskende oplevelser, som fæstner sig stærkt i erindringen og skaber store fortællinger til videregivelse. Dermed kan de selv gøre os andre klogere på de kognitive mekanismers betydning for traditionsoverleveringer – i livet og i arkivet.
Kronik
Authors: Jørgensen Jesper Düring
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Bogens vej til Finland; Dalai Lama på Det kongelige Bibliotek; Dansk-sovjetisk biblioteksseminar; UDIM 1992; Kalevi Sorsa; Kulturministeriets tidsskriftstøtte; REX-nyt; Erhvervelser; Samarbejde med Købehavns Universitet; Personalia
Kronik
Authors: Philipson Lotte
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Frimureri og Kultur; Godt bogarbejde 1989/90; Forening for Boghaandværk; Danske breve i Universitetsbiblioteket i Oslo; Kommissionen for Registrering af Kilder til Dansk Historie; Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab; Årets sommerkoncerter; Brugen af Dramatisk Bibliotek voldsomt stigende; Det kongelige Bibliotek og dets fjernlånspartnere; bibliotekets moderniseringsprogram; Ny bog: Kronborg-Brunnen und Kronborg-Motetten; Udlån til udstillinger; Det kongelige Biblioteks Garderobe er nedlagt; Erhvervelser; Besøg; Personalia;
Fund og Forskning i Det Kongelige Biblioteks samlinger XXXI 1992
Authors: Philipson Lotte
Published: October 2020

Reklame for Fund og Forskning i Det Kongelige Biblioteks samlinger XXXI 1992
Kronik
Authors: Philipson Lotte
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Mozarts 200 års dødsdag markeret ved udstilling; William Butler Yeats 1865 - 1939 udstilling på universitetsbiblioteket Amager; Udstillinger i forhallens ottekantede montre: Nadine Gordimer; Håndtegnet kort fra Vitus Bering rejse 1725-30 på Det kongelige Bibliotek; Gøngehøvdingen, Carit Etlar og Det kongelige Bibliotek; Strategisk planlægning/nye strukturer; Automatiseret udlån på Amager; Referenceværker på CD-ROM; Personalhistoriske microfiches-opslagsværker på Slotsholmen; Biblioteket har anskaffet et nyt stort opslagsværk, The Scandinavian Bio-graphical Archive (SBA); Udlån til udstillinger; Besøg; Erhvervelser; Personalia
Kronik
Authors: Philipson Lotte
Published: October 2020

Mindretal søger identitet. Tyskjødisk kultur i David Simonsens samling; Den ottekantede montre i Forhallen; Det kongelige Biblioteks udbygning på Havnefronten; Jytte Hilden;  Fiolstræde; Velkommen til IDE; Danmarks Institut for International Udveksling; Erhvervelser; Udlån til udstillinger; Besøg; Personalia;
Kronik
Authors: Philipson Lotte
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Årets bogarbejde på Det kongelige Bibliotek Slotsholmen; "Still Leben" i Fiolstræde; Kongeligt og Kostbart • Klenodier fra Kongernes Bibliotek; Forhallens ottekantede montre; Det kongelige Biblioteks afdeling på Amager skal udbygges med fantasi...; Arkitektfirmaet Dissing & Weitling vandt Kulturministeriets arkitektkonkurrence om et kombineret biblioteks- og magasinbyggeri for Det kongelige Bibliotek i forbindelse med Københavns Universitet Amager; Danske Provinstryk 1482 -1830; Bogen i Danmark 1800 -1850; Udlån til udstillinger; Besøg; Andre meddelelser; Erhvervelser; Personalia;
Kronik
Authors: Philipson Lotte
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Hva' med PH?; Udstilling i Rundetårn 24. sept. - 20. nov. 1994; Små Seancer; Glimt fra avisens historie • Plancheudstilling; Mexico: Images and Sources; Forhallens ottekantede montre; Jødisk forskning i et nyt EuropaKongres i København; Erhvervelser; Besøg; Udlån til udstillinger; Carl Nielsen Udgaven • Carl Nielsens samlede værker; Personalia;
Osteopathic Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With Idiopathic Iliohypogastric Neuralgia
Authors: Fuller David B.
Published: October 2020

Iliohypogastric neuralgia is an uncommon etiology of lower abdominal pain caused by entrapment of the iliohypogastric nerve. Conventional management consists of medications, injections, and surgery; previous literature has not explored the use of osteopathic manipulative medicine for management of iliohypogastric neuralgia. Here, the author discusses the case of a 72-year-old woman who presented with 2 years of right lower abdominal pain, having failed multiple treatments, including exploratory laparoscopy and appendectomy. Following management of the patient's somatic dysfunctions with osteopathic manipulative treatment and a heel lift, her iliohypogastric neuralgia was significantly improved.
Small-scale distribution of microbes and biogeochemistry in the Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Carreira Cátia , Carvalho Júlia Porto Silva , Talbot Samantha , Pereira Isabel , Lønborg Christian
Published: October 2020

Microbial communities distribute heterogeneously at small-scales (mm-cm) due to physical, chemical and biological processes. To understand microbial processes and functions it is necessary to appreciate microbes and matter at small scales, however, few studies have determined microbial, viral, and biogeochemical distribution over space and time at these scales. In this study, the small-scale spatial and temporal distribution of microbes (bacteria and chlorophyll a), viruses, dissolved inorganic nutrients and dissolved organic carbon were determined at five locations (spatial) along the Great Barrier Reef (Australia), and over 4 consecutive days (temporal) at a coastal location. Our results show that: (1) the parameters show high small-scale heterogeneity; (2) none of the parameters measured explained the bacterial abundance distributions at these scales spatially or temporally; (3) chemical (ammonium, nitrate/nitrite, phosphate, dissolved organic carbon, and total dissolved nitrogen) and biological (chl a, and bacterial and viral abundances) measurements did not reveal significant relationships at the small scale; and (4) statistically significant differences were found between sites/days for all parameter measured but without a clear pattern.
Phytopharmceutical Standardization of Leaves of Jatropha tanjorensis J. L. Ellis & Saroja. (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Umoh Romanus A. , Umoh Uwemedimo F. , Johnny Imoh I. , Umoh Omodot T. , Anah Victor U. , Udoh Anwanabasi E. , Elijah Akwaowoh A. , Andrew Blessing E.
Published: October 2020

Jatropha tanjorensis J.L. Ellis & Saroja. (Euphorbiaceae) is a shrub commonly used as an edible vegetable and is also used as a tonic herb. The study was aimed to evaluate pharmacognostic parameters of Jatropha tanjorensis leaves. The plant leaves were collected, air-dried, pulverized and stored in a clean glass container. Standard procedures were employed to obtain the microscopic features of the fresh and powdered samples, micromeritic, chemomicroscopy, fluorescence properties, moisture content, ash values and soluble extractive values were also carried out. The results of the microscopic studies using the fresh and powered leaf samples revealed the presence of anomocytic, anomalous and paracytic stomata on the abaxial surface and anomocytic stomata on the adaxial surface. The plant sample also possessed unicellular trichomes. Results of micromeritic properties of the powdered samples show bulk volume of 38.67±0.7, tapped volume of 30.00±0.4, bulk density of 0.26±0.00, tapped  density of 0.33±0.00, angle of repose of 350, Carr’s Index of 22.96±2.15, Hausner’s ratio of 1.27±0.03, pH of 7.51 and 7.52 when hot and cold respectively. Chemomicroscopy studies revealed the presence of lignin, mucilage, calcium oxalate crystals, starch and oil in the powdered leaf. Results for moisture contents was 18.33±0.01% w/w, total ash value was 9.33±0.00%w/w, acid-insoluble ash value was 0.67±0.01%w/w, water-soluble ash value was 4.0±0.00%w/w and sulfated ash value was 14±0.01%w/w. Results for ethanol-soluble extractive value was 15±0.00%w/w, methanol-soluble extractive value was 19±0.00%w/w and water-soluble extractive value was 27±0.01%w/w. In conclusion, the above evaluation and parameters could be used to establish pharmacopoeial standard of both fresh and powdered drug of Jatropha tanjorensis.
Dynamin‐related protein 1 positively regulates osteoclast differentiation and bone loss
Authors: Jeong Sol , Seong Ji Hye , Kang Ju‐Hee , Lee Dong‐Seok , Yim Mijung
Published: October 2020

Dynamin‐related protein 1 (DRP1) is a mitochondrial membrane GTPase and regulates mitochondrial fission. In this study, we found that the cytokine RANKL increased the expression of DRP1 and its receptor proteins, Fis1, Mid49, and Mid 51, during osteoclast formation in mouse bone marrow‐derived macrophages. Inactivation of the kinase GSK3β appeared to induce DRP1 expression. DRP1 knockdown or the DRP1 inhibitor Mdivi1 suppressed osteoclast differentiationviadownregulation of c‐Fos and NFATc1, the key transcription factor for osteoclast formation. Finally, theDRP1 inhibitorsuppressed lipopolysaccharide‐induced osteoclast formation in a calvarial model and ovariectomy‐induced bone lossin vivo. Taken together, our data demonstrate that DRP1 positively contributes to RANKL‐induced osteoclast differentiation by regulating the c‐Fos–NFATc1 axis, suggesting the importance of mitochondrial DRP1 in osteoclastogenesis.
Breakdown of the Small‐Polaron Hopping Model in Higher‐Order Spinels
Authors: Bhargava Anuj , Eppstein Roni , Sun Jiaxin , Smeaton Michelle A. , Paik Hanjong , Kourkoutis Lena F. , Schlom Darrell G. , Caspary Toroker Maytal , Robinson Richard D.
Published: October 2020

The small‐polaron hopping model has been used for six decades to rationalize electronic charge transport in oxides. The model was developed for binary oxides, and, despite its significance, its accuracy has not been rigorously tested for higher‐order oxides. Here, the small‐polaron transport model is tested by using a spinel system with mixed cation oxidation states (MnxFe3−xO4). Using molecular‐beam epitaxy (MBE), a series of single crystal MnxFe3−xO4 thin films with controlled stoichiometry, 0 ≤ x ≤ 2.3, and lattice strain are grown, and the cation site‐occupation is determined through X‐ray emission spectroscopy (XES). Density functional theory + U analysis shows that charge transport occurs only between like‐cations (Fe/Fe or Mn/Mn). The site‐occupation data and percolation models show that there are limited stoichiometric ranges for transport along Fe and Mn pathways. Furthermore, due to asymmetric hopping barriers and formation energies, the polaron is energetically preferred to the polaron, resulting in an asymmetric contribution of Mn/Mn pathways. All of these findings are not contained in the conventional small‐polaron hopping model, highlighting its inadequacy. To correct the model, new parameters in the nearest‐neighbor hopping equation are introduced to account for percolation, cross‐hopping, and polaron‐distribution, and it is found that a near‐perfect correlation can be made between experiment and theory for the electronic conductivity.
Perovskite Light Emitting Diode Characteristics: The Effects of Electroluminescence Transient and Hysteresis
Authors: Elkhouly Karim , Gehlhaar Robert , Genoe Jan , Heremans Paul , Qiu Weiming
Published: October 2020

The reproducibility of results is one of the cornerstones of scientific research. However, in emerging technologies, the reported results often tend to be sensitive to the chosen measurement protocol. This can stem from measurement artifacts or from unknown complex underlying phenomena. Metal halide perovskites have emerged as an exciting material system for optoelectronic devices. The anomalous hysteresis in the current density–voltage (J–V) characteristics of perovskite solar cells has triggered wide discussions on how to report their power conversion efficiency to achieve consistency between different research groups. However, less attention is so far given to the anomalous effects that can affect the reporting of the characteristics of perovskite light emitting diodes (PeLEDs). Here, it is shown that even for PeLEDs with little J–V hysteresis, the transient response and hysteresis of electroluminescence (EL), likely caused by ion migration, heat accumulation, and device degradation under electrical excitation, can lead to significantly different device characteristics depending on the measurement procedures for the same device. Therefore, a method based on pulsed excitation that allows for better reproducibility and interpretation of the measured device characteristics is proposed. Furthermore, suggestions are also provided on reporting PeLED characteristics, as input for further discussions in the scientific community.
Long‐term community noise exposure in relation to dementia, cognition, and cognitive decline in older adults
Authors: Weuve Jennifer , D'Souza Jennifer , Beck Todd , Evans Denis A. , Kaufman Joel D. , Rajan Kumar. B. , de Leon Carlos F. Mendes , Adar Sara D.
Published: October 2020

Introduction

Exposure to noise might influence risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia.

Methods

Participants of the Chicago Health and Aging Project (≥65 years) underwent triennial cognitive assessments. For the 5 years preceding each assessment, we estimated 5227 participants’ residential level of noise from the community using a spatial prediction model, and estimated associations of noise level with prevalent mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD, cognitive performance, and rate of cognitive decline.

Results

Among these participants, an increment of 10 A‐weighted decibels (dBA) in noise corresponded to 36% and 29% higher odds of prevalent MCI (odds ratio [OR] = 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15 to 1.62) and AD (OR = 1.29, 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.55). Noise level was associated with worse global cognitive performance, principally in perceptual speed (–0.09 standard deviation per 10 dBA, 95% CI: –0.16 to –0.03), but not consistently associated with cognitive decline.

Discussion

These results join emerging evidence suggesting that noise may influence late‐life cognition and risk of dementia.
Three‐Dimensional Quantitative Imaging of Native Microbiota Distribution in the Gut
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Ni , Du Yahui , Gao Juan , Li Min , Lin Liyuan , Czajkowsky Daniel M. , Li Xiaowei , Yang Chaoyong , Shao Zhifeng
Published: October 2020

Owing to the challenges to acquire detailed spatial information of gut bacteria in situ, three‐dimensional (3D) microbiota distributions in the gut remain largely uncharted. Here, we propose a tissue clearing‐based and D‐amino acid labeling‐facilitated (TiDaL) strategy that combines a novel microbiota in vivo labeling protocol, CUBIC‐based tissue clearing and whole‐mount tissue imaging, to achieve 3D imaging of indigenous gut microbiota. We demonstrate high‐resolution 3D acquisition of their biogeography in different gut sections, and present quantitative spatial details in relation to the host epithelium. We unexpectedly observe microbiota in the small intestine crypts, which were thought to be bacteria‐free. Significant bacterial overgrowth in the first two‐thirds of the small intestine is detected in an enteritis model. We expect that this quantitative 3D imaging strategy for native gut microbiota will provide insightful information into the host–microbiota interactions.
Selective Transformation of Nickel‐Bound Formate to CO or C−C Coupling Products Triggered by Deprotonation and Steered by Alkali‐Metal Ions
Authors: Zimmermann Philipp , Ar Deniz , Rößler Marie , Holze Patrick , Cula Beatrice , Herwig Christian , Limberg Christian
Published: October 2020

The complexes [LtBuNi(OCO‐κ2O,C)]M3[N(SiMe3)2]2 (M=Li, Na, K), synthesized by deprotonation of a nickel formate complex [LtBuNiOOCH] with the corresponding amides M[N(SiMe3)2], feature a NiII−CO22− core surrounded by Lewis‐acidic cations (M+) and the influence of the latter on the behavior and reactivity was studied. The results point to a decrease of CO2 activation within the series Li, Na, and K, which is also reflected in the reactivity with Me3SiOTf leading to the liberation of CO and formation of a Ni−OSiMe3 complex. Furthermore, in case of K+, the {[K3[N(SiMe3)2]2}+ shell around the Ni−CO22− entity was shown to have a large impact on its stabilization and behavior. If the number of K[N(SiMe3)2] equivalents used in the reaction with [LtBuNiOOCH] is decreased from 3 to 0.5, the deprotonated part of the precursor enters a complex reaction sequence with formation of [LtBuNiI(μ‐OOCH)NiILtBu]K and [LtBuNi(C2O4)NiLtBu]. The same reaction at higher concentrations additionally led to the formation of a unique hexanuclear NiII complex containing both oxalate and mesoxalate ([O2C‐CO2‐CO2]4−) ligands.
Carboxyboronate as a Versatile In Situ CO Surrogate in Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Transformations
Authors: Tien Chieh‐Hung , Trofimova Alina , Holownia Aleksandra , Kwak Branden S. , Larson Reed T. , Yudin Andrei K.
Published: October 2020

The application of carboxy‐MIDA‐boronate (MIDA=N‐methyliminodiacetic acid) as an in situ CO surrogate for various palladium‐catalyzed transformations is described. Carboxy‐MIDA‐boronate was previously shown to be a bench‐stable boron‐containing building block for the synthesis of borylated heterocycles. The present study demonstrates that, in addition to its utility as a precursor to heterocycle synthesis, carboxy‐MIDA‐boronate is an excellent in situ CO surrogate that is tolerant of reactive functionalities such as amines, alcohols, and carbon‐based nucleophiles. Its wide functional‐group compatibility is highlighted in the palladium‐catalyzed aminocarbonylation, alkoxycarbonylation, carbonylative Sonogashira coupling, and carbonylative Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of aryl halides. A variety of amides, esters, (hetero)aromatic ynones, and bis(hetero)aryl ketones were synthesized in good‐to‐excellent yields in a one‐pot fashion.
A Lanthanum‐Filled Carbon–Boron Clathrate
Authors: Strobel Timothy A. , Zhu Li , Guńka Piotr A. , Borstad Gustav M. , Guerette Michael
Published: October 2020

We report a carbon‐boron clathrate with composition 2 La@B6C6 (LaB3C3). Like recently reported SrB3C3,[1] single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and computational modelling indicate that the isostructural La member crystallizes in the cubic bipartite sodalite structure (Type‐VII clathrate) with La atoms encapsulated within truncated octahedral cages composed of alternating carbon and boron atoms. The covalent nature of the B−C bonding results in a hard, incompressible framework, and owing to the balanced electron count, La3+[B3C3]3− exhibits markedly improved pressure stability and is a semiconductor with an indirect band gap predicted near 1.3 eV. A variety of different guest atoms may potentially be substituted within Type‐VII clathrate cages, presenting opportunities for a large family of boron‐stabilized, carbon‐based clathrates with ranging physical properties.
Inclusion of sulfamethoxazole in a novel CuFe2O4 nanoparticles/mesoporous silica‐based nanocomposite: Release kinetics and antibacterial activity
Authors: Mehrabi Fatemeh , Shamspur Tayebeh , Mostafavi Ali , Hakimi Hamid , Mohamadi Maryam
Published: October 2020

In this work, we aimed to improve the antibacterial activity of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) via its inclusion in a newly synthesized nanocomposite composed of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles and poly(vinyl alcohol)/silica‐based mesoporous materials. Characterization of this formulation using different techniques confirmed the correct synthesis and showed that this mesoporous nanocomposite had an amorphous structure with relatively high surface area of 1,620.7 m2 g−1 and mean pore diameter of 1.6576 nm. Zeta potential of the formulation was obtained to be zero which led to its higher bioavailability in comparison to pure SMX with negative zeta potential. Antibacterial property of the prepared formulation against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was evaluated. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the SMX‐loaded mesoporous nanocomposite was considerably lower than those of pure SMX, indicating the efficient function of the mesoporous material as a delivery system. Kinetics of SMX release was also studied using zero‐order, first‐order, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetics models. According to the obtained results, the release kinetics was found to obey zero‐order model. So the possibility of sustained release of SMX from the synthesized carrier may be suggested.
Influence of structural variation of salamo‐based ligand on supramolecular architectures, Hirshfeld analyses, and fluorescence properties of new tetranuclear NiII complexes
Authors: Xu Xin , Feng Tao , Feng Shan‐shan , Dong Wen‐Kui
Published: October 2020

Two new tetranuclear NiII complexes, [Ni4(L1)2(N3)4(MeOH)2]·CH3COCH3 (1) and [Ni4(L2)2(N3)4(MeOH)2]·4CH3COCH3 (2), were synthesized using NiCl2·6H2O, NaN3, and asymmetric salamo‐based ligands H2L1 and H2L2, respectively. The structural characterization was made by elemental analyses, infrared (IR) and ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐vis) spectra, and X‐ray diffraction analyses. The results of X‐ray diffraction analyses show that the NiII atoms in complexes 1 and 2 are distorted octahedral geometries. Interestingly, the degree of distortion of the ligands in complexes 1 and 2 is different, which indicates that the interaction of NiII ions on different ligands is different. Meanwhile, the investigation of molecular packing by employing the Hirshfeld surface analysis exhibits that the percentages of C–H/H–C, O–H/H–O, and H–H/H–H contacts of the complex 1 (or 2) are calculated to be 17.7%, 7.9%, and 53.7% (or 18.8%, 13.8%, and 52.5%), respectively, where the H–H/H–H contacts have the characteristics of strong contacts whereas the O–H/H–O hydrogen bonds are considerably weak, and the studies on fluorescence properties further confirm the NiII atoms have different binding abilities to the different ligands.
Synthesis of nanoscale zero‐valent iron modified graphene oxide nanosheets and its application for removing tetracycline antibiotic: Response surface methodology
Authors: Hemmat Kaveh , Khodabakhshi Mohammad Reza , Zeraatkar Moghaddam Ali
Published: October 2020

Nowadays, pharmaceutical antibiotics are known as a serious class of pollutants. Therefore, it is important to develop effective methods for removing these pollutants from aqueous media. Different methods were applied for this purpose, and among these methods, chemical reduction by a cheap and eco‐friendly nanocatalyst is the most efficient and simplest method. In this research, based on graphene oxide supported by zero‐valent iron in mono‐, bi‐, and tri‐metallic systems, various nanocomposites were synthesized and used to degrade tetracycline as a model antibiotic from aqueous media. An investigation was carried out on the synergic effect among graphene oxide and the nano zero‐valent iron‐based tri‐metallic system as well as removal efficiencies. It was found that higher degradation efficiency is yielded by graphene oxide supported by Fe/Cu/Ag tri‐metallic system. The maximum synergic effect occurs at an acidic medium. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, Fourier transform spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction analysis were used to characterize the synthesized nanocomposites, which has successfully proved the loading of nanoscale Fe/Cu/Ag tri‐metallic on a graphene oxide support. The central composite design was used to model and optimize all involved variables affecting antibiotic removal efficiency. The consequences illustrated the optimum condition regarding the removal of 50 ppm of tetracycline, for the nanocomposites dose of 3.0 mg ml−1, the contact time of 30 min, and pH of 2, was achieved using the simplex non‐linear optimization method. Moreover, antibiotic adsorption kinetic models were also investigated. Finally, the tetracycline removal from aqueous media at different concentrations, 25, 50, and 75 ppm, was successful by applying the proposed nanocomposite, and the results showed tetracycline removal efficiencies of above 70%.
Insight into watery saliva proteomes of the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae
Authors: Zhang Yong , Fu Yu , Francis Frédéric , Liu Xiaobei , Chen Julian
Published: October 2020

The grain aphid, Sitobion avenae, is an economically important cereal pest worldwide. Aphid saliva plays an essential role in the interaction between aphids and their host plants. However, limited information is available regarding the proteins found in the saliva of S. avenae. Here, the watery saliva proteins from S. avenae were collected in an artificial diet and identified using a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry analysis. A total of 114 proteins were identified in S. avenae saliva, including several enzymes, binding proteins, and putative effectors, as well as other proteins with unknown functions. In comparison with salivary proteins from nine other aphid species, the most striking feature of the salivary protein from S. avenae was the different patterns of protein functions. Several orthologous proteins secreted by other aphid species such as glucose dehydrogenase, elongation factors, and effector C002 were also detected in S. avenae saliva and speculated to play a significant role in aphid–plant interactions. These results provide further insight into the molecular basis between aphids and cereal plant interactions.
Mechanistic evaluation of the effect of sodium‐dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors on delayed glucose absorption in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a quantitative systems pharmacology model of human systemic glucose dynamics
Authors: Mori‐Anai Kazumi , Tashima Yoshihiko , Nakada Tomohisa , Nakamaru Yoshinobu , Takahata Takayuki , Saito Ryuta
Published: October 2020

Sodium‐dependent glucose transporter (SGLT) 2 is specifically expressed in the kidney, while SGLT1 is present in the kidneys and small intestine. SGLT2 inhibitors are a class of oral antidiabetic drugs that lower elevated plasma glucose levels by promoting the urinary excretion of excess glucose through the inhibition of renal glucose reuptake. The inhibition selectivity for SGLT2 over SGLT1 (SGLT2/1 selectivity) of marketed SGLT2 inhibitors is diverse, while SGLT2/1 selectivity of canagliflozin is relatively low. Although canagliflozin suppresses postprandial glucose levels, the degree of contribution for SGLT1 inhibition to this effect remains unproven. To analyze the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on postprandial glucose level, we constructed a novel quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) model, called human systemic glucose dynamics (HSGD) model, integrating intestinal absorption, metabolism, and renal reabsorption of glucose. This HSGD model reproduced the postprandial plasma glucose concentration–time profiles during a meal tolerance test under different clinical trial conditions. Simulations after canagliflozin administration showed a dose‐dependent delay of time (Tmax,glc) to reach maximum concentration of glucose (Cmax,glc), and the delay of Tmax,glc disappeared when inhibition of SGLT1 was negated. In addition, contribution ratio of intestinal SGLT1 inhibition to the decrease in Cmax,glc was estimated to be 23%–28%, when 100 and 300 mg of canagliflozin are administered. This HSGD model enabled us to provide the partial contribution of intestinal SGLT1 inhibition to the improvement of postprandial hyperglycemia as well as to quantitatively describe the plasma glucose dynamics following SGLT2 inhibitors.
Extracellular vesicles from organoids and 3D culture systems
Authors: Abdollahi Sara
Published: October 2020

When discovered, extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosomes were thought of as junk carriers and a means by which the cell disposed of its waste material. Over the years, the role of EVs in cell communication has become apparent with the discovery that the nano‐scale vesicles also transport RNA, DNA, and other bioactive components to and from the cells. These findings were originally made in EVs from body fluids of organisms and from in vitro two‐dimensional (2D) cell culture models. Recently, organoids and other 3D multicellular in vitro models are being used to study EVs in the context of both physiologic and pathological states. However, standard, reproducible methods are lacking for EV analysis using these models. As a step toward understanding the implications of these platforms, this review provides a comprehensive picture of the progress using 3D in vitro culture models for EV analysis. Translational efforts and regulatory considerations for EV therapeutics are also briefly overviewed to understand what is needed for scale‐up and, ultimately, commercialization.
Effects of psychosocial and socio‐environmental factors on anxiety disorder among adolescents in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Md. Mostaured Ali , Khan Md. Nuruzzaman
Published: October 2020

Background

Anxiety is a common psychiatric disorder among adolescents in developing countries. This study aimed to examine the risk factors of anxiety disorder and the adverse consequences of anxiety disorder among adolescents in Bangladesh.

Methods

A total of 2,989 adolescent data of the 2014 Global School‐based Student Health Survey (GSHS), Bangladesh, was analyzed WHO. The prevalence of anxiety disorder across psychosocial and socio‐environmental factors was calculated as descriptive statistics, whereas their effects on occurring anxiety disorder were determined using the unadjusted and adjusted multivariable binary logistic regression model. The consequences of anxiety disorder were also determined using the multivariable binary logistic regression model.

Results

The prevalence of anxiety disorder was 4.7%, which was found higher among female than their male counterparts. The psychosocial factors were found associated with the anxiety disorder are loneliness (AOR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.08–4.72), being bullied (AOR: 6.00, 95% CI: 3.14–11.47), and physical abuse (AOR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.07–4.21). Moreover, poor understandings with parents (AOR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.02–3.01) and lack of peer support (AOR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.18–4.23) were the socio‐environmental factors that found associated with the anxiety disorder. Subgroup analysis across gender found these associations were consistent for adolescent male and female. Moreover, the likelihood increased with the increasing number of the adverse psychosocial, or socio‐environmental factors.

Conclusions

Around 5% of school‐going adolescents in Bangladesh reported anxiety associated with the exposure of single or multiple adverse psychosocial and socio‐environmental factors including bullying and physical abuse. Early screening and interventions are essential, targeted to adolescent at risk, which could reduce the rate of anxiety disorder among adolescent in Bangladesh.
Validation of the 1,4‐butanediolthermoplastic polyurethane as a novel material for3Dbioprinting applications
Authors: Chocarro‐Wrona Carlos , de Vicente Juan , Antich Cristina , Jiménez Gema , Martínez‐Moreno Daniel , Carrillo Esmeralda , Montañez Elvira , Gálvez‐Martín Patricia , Perán Macarena , López‐Ruiz Elena , Marchal Juan Antonio
Published: October 2020

Tissue engineering (TE) seeks to fabricate implants that mimic the mechanical strength, structure, and composition of native tissues. Cartilage TE requires the development of functional personalized implants with cartilage‐like mechanical properties capable of sustaining high load‐bearing environments to integrate into the surrounding tissue of the cartilage defect. In this study, we evaluated the novel 1,4‐butanediol thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (b‐TPUe) derivative filament as a 3D bioprinting material with application in cartilage TE. The mechanical behavior of b‐TPUe in terms of friction and elasticity were examined and compared with human articular cartilage, PCL, and PLA. Moreover, infrapatellar fat pad‐derived human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were bioprinted together with scaffolds. in vitro cytotoxicity, proliferative potential, cell viability, and chondrogenic differentiation were analyzed by Alamar blue assay, SEM, confocal microscopy, and RT‐qPCR. Moreover, in vivo biocompatibility and host integration were analyzed. b‐TPUe demonstrated a much closer compression and shear behavior to native cartilage than PCL and PLA, as well as closer tribological properties to cartilage. Moreover, b‐TPUe bioprinted scaffolds were able to maintain proper proliferative potential, cell viability, and supported MSCs chondrogenesis. Finally,in vivostudies revealed no toxic effects 21 days after scaffolds implantation, extracellular matrix deposition and integration within the surrounding tissue. This is the first study that validates the biocompatibility of b‐TPUe for 3D bioprinting. Our findings indicate that this biomaterial can be exploited for the automated biofabrication of artificial tissues with tailorable mechanical properties including the great potential for cartilage TE applications.
An antibody‐drug conjugate targeting a GSTA glycosite‐signature epitope of MUC1 expressed by non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Pan Deng , Tang Yubo , Tong Jiao , Xie Chengmei , Chen Jiaxi , Feng Chunchao , Hwu Patrick , Huang Wei , Zhou Dapeng
Published: October 2020

Antibodies targeting aberrantly glycosylated proteins are ineffective in treating cancer. Antibody‐drug conjugates have emerged as effective alternatives, facilitating tumor‐specific drug delivery. Previous studies have assessed the aberrantly glycosylated tandem repeat region of MUC1 glycoprotein as three site‐specific glycosylated neoantigen peptide motifs (PDTR, GSTA, and GVTS) for binding with a monoclonal antibody. This study aimed to develop an antibody‐drug conjugate for cancer treatment based on monoclonal antibodies against the aforementioned three neoantigen peptide motifs. Internalization of monoclonal antibodies was assessed via immunofluorescence staining and colocalization with lysosomal markers in live cells. Antibody positivity in tumor and peritumoral tissue samples was assessed via immunohistochemistry. The efficacy of anti‐MUC1 ADCs was evaluated using various cancer cell lines and a mouse tumor xenograft model. An anti‐MUC1 ADC was synthesized by conjugating GSTA neoantigen‐specific 16A with monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), which displayed potent antitumoral efficacy with an IC50 ranging 0.2–49.4 nM toward various cancer cells. In vivo, 16A‐MMAE inhibited tumor growth in a dose‐dependent manner in a mouse xenograft model established using the NCI‐H838 NSCLC cell line, at a minimum effective dose of 1 mg/kg. At 3 mg/kg, 16A‐MMAE did not cause significant toxicity in a transgenic mouse expressing human MUC1. The high antitumoral efficacy of 16A‐MMAE suggests that aberrant glycosylated MUC1 neoantigen is a potential target for the development of ADCs for treating various cancers. Personalized therapy may be achieved through such glycosite‐specific ADCs.
A qualitative study of service user non‐engagement in psychological therapy groups on acute mental health wards
Authors: Harris Lara , Lechevallier Zina , Buhagiar Kurt
Published: October 2020

Aims and method

Non‐engagement with psychological therapy groups in mental health settings is a long‐standing problem, with implications on group processes and service delivery. Little is known about service user‐related factors hindering this engagement, especially on inpatient wards. We aimed to investigate the perspectives of service users on barriers to engagement with a therapeutic group facilitated by assistant psychologists. Experiences of therapy groups were explored via focus groups and in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with 16 participants on two acute wards. Data were analysed by means of thematic analysis adopting an inductive approach embedded in a constructivist paradigm.

Results

The analysis identified three higher‐order themes: ways that facilitators might encourage group attendance; a need for safe therapeutic conditions within the groups; and a need for good applicability of group content to recovery outside of hospital. The results are discussed with reference to psychological approaches, group therapy research and trauma‐informed care.

Conclusion

Findings bear implications on clinical practice within inpatient mental health settings, specifically: (a) the need to approach service users individually to invite to groups and establish role expectancies; (b) supervision for facilitators focussing on difficult group dynamics and creating robust groups agreements to facilitate containment; (c) working with teams to ensure stable, protected physical spaces for groups on wards, in turn avoiding the re‐traumatising effects of disruption; (d) emphasising that participation does not require sharing difficult personal information, to prevent destabilisation and improve uptake of group offer; and (e) increasing focus on applicability of skills through consideration of potential obstacles to their real‐life application.
Polysaccharide from Lycium arabicum: Structural Features, in Vitro Antioxidant Activities and Protective Effect against Oxidative Damage in Human Erythrocytes
Authors: Fakhfakh Jawhar , Athmouni Khaled , Mallek‐Fakhfakh Hanen , Ayedi Habib , Allouche Noureddine
Published: October 2020

In this research work, a water‐soluble polysaccharide (LAP) isolated from the fruits of Lycium arabicum was investigated. LAP contains carbohydrates (82.45±1.23 %), protein (1.56±0.21 %), and uronic acids (3.56±0.34 %). The analysis of the monosaccharide composition revealed the presence of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose and mannose in a molar ratio of 4.7 : 1.5 : 1 : 8.7 : 16.4 : 5.6. The extracted polysaccharide (PS) was considered as heterogeneous and highly branched by interpreting its GC/MS, FT‐IR and NMR data. Crystallinity of LAP was inferred from its X‐ray diffractometry (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. LAP exhibited an interesting stability at high temperatures (∼254 °C) and in a wide range of pH (3–9) deduced, respectively, from its DSC and zeta potential analysis. LAP displayed a strong antioxidant activity at low concentrations evaluated by the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)‐radical scavenging, ferric reducing activity power (FRAP), free radical scavenging ability, superoxide radical‐scavenging and hydroxyl radical‐scavenging abilities. Inhibition of erythrocyte hemolysis and lipid peroxidation was also assessed. In 5 h, LAP treatment allowed the protection of the damaged erythrocytes caused by AAPH (2,2‐azobis(2‐amidinopropane) dihydrochloride), to reduce the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as to increase the reduced glutathione (GSH) level.
Discovery of Natural Product‐Based Fungicides (II): Semisynthesis and Biological Activity of Sarisan Attached 3‐Phenylisoxazolines as Antifungal Agents
Authors: Liu Zhiyan , Cao Jiangping , Yan Xiaoting , Cheng Wanqing , Wang Xiaoguang , Yang Ruige , Guo Yong
Published: October 2020

Many phytopathogenic fungi cause severe damage to crop yields. In continuation of our research aimed at the discovery and development of natural products‐based fungicides, a series of thirty‐one sarisan attached 3‐phenylisoxazolines were synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal activities against five phytopathogenic fungi (B. cinerea, C. lagenarium, A. solani, F. solani, and F. graminearum). Among all title sarisan derivatives, compounds IV2, IV14 and IV23 showed potent antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic fungi. In particular, compound IV2 exhibited a broad‐spectrum and more potent antifungal activity against A. solani, F. solani, and F. graminearum than the commercial fungicide Hymexazol. In addition, compounds IV2, IV14 and IV23 also displayed relative low toxicity on normal NRK‐52E cells. This work will give some insights into the development of sarisan derivatives as new fungicide candidates in plant protection.
Comparing QFR and FFR in small vessels—Expanding the spectrum of use
Authors: Kern Morton J. , Seto Arnold H.
Published: October 2020

Key Points

Quantitative flow reserve (QFR) estimates fractional flow reserve (FFR) reasonably well but accuracy in small diameter vessels has been challenged.

This study demonstrates excellent performance for QFR across either small (≤2.8 mm) or large (>2.8 mm) vessels.

QFR requires further study in a larger patient cohort with significant lesions (FFR < 0.80) before becoming a standard of care.
Single‐Molecule Interactions between Heme Proteins and Carboxylic Groups in Various Chemical Environments
Authors: Hao Xian , Zhang Jingdong , Yang Yifei , Wang Hongda , Chi Qijin
Published: October 2020

Noncovalent chemical interactions, including electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions, constitute crucial driving forces in the bottom‐up assembly of multifunctional molecular complexes and nanomaterials. Electrostatic interactions in chemical environments are generally considered as non‐specific interactions, which pose notable challenges for the control and direct measurement of electrostatic forces at the single‐molecule level. Here, we report a model system consisting of cytochrome c and molecules containing carboxyl groups, and use electrochemical AFM force spectroscopy to navigate the electrostatic forces of the system under various chemical conditions. The effects of solution pH, ion strength, and redox states of cytochrome c on electrostatic interactions as well as control over these parameters are systematically studied. This work provides a useful approach for investigating intermolecular electrostatic interactions at the single‐molecule level.