bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serological evidence of antibodies to Flaviviridae in wild birds in Portugal
Authors: Loureiro Filipa , Cardoso Luís , Matos Ana C. , Pintado Cristina , Silva Filipe , Ferreira Mariana , Brandão Ricardo , Lopes Carolina , Lopes Ana Patrícia , Mesquita João Rodrigo , Matos Manuela , Coelho Ana Cláudia
Published: September 2024

Emerging infectious diseases are a major threat to biodiversity and an important public health issue. Flaviviruses are the cause of several emerging vector-borne zoonotic arboviruses whose distribution is currently increasing in Europe. The evidence that West Nile virus (WNV) circulates in resident and migratory species has implications for both animal and public health and should therefore be studied in depth. USUTU (USUV), Bagaza (BAGV) and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) are other viruses that are beginning to spread more widely. An integrated surveillance program, namely in birds, is essential for reducing the risk of infection in human populations within the One Health principles. In the present study, wild birds admitted to wildlife rehabilitation centers in Portugal were sampled. Two hundred eight blood samples were assayed serologically for antibodies to flaviviruses by using a commercial ELISA kit. An overall seroprevalence of 19.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.7–26.7%) was observed. Antibodies against flaviviruses were detected in 13 (35.1%) different species of wild birds. Accipitriformes (26.7%; 95% CI: 18.5–36.2%) and Strigiformes (26.7%; 95% CI: 14.6–42.0%) were the orders with the highest seroprevalence rates recorded. There were no statistically significant differences (p = 0.725) between the geographical regions (NUTS II) studied, but a statistically significant difference (p = 0.017) was found between sex (male: 34.4%; female: 4.8%). A higher seroprevalence was detected in adults (32.1%) than in juvenile birds (9.3%) (p = 0.014), and age was considered a risk factor for flavivirus infection in wild birds (odds ratio 1.4; 95% CI: 0.5–4.0). More epidemiological studies are needed in Portugal since the actual spread of the genus Flavivirus throughout the country is unknown.
Surveillance-Associated Anxiety After Curative-Intent Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khatri Rakhsha , Quinn Patrick L. , Wells-Di Gregorio Sharla , Pawlik Timothy M. , Cloyd Jordan M.
Published: September 2024

Background

Regular surveillance imaging is commonly used after curative-intent resection of most solid-organ cancers to enable prompt diagnosis and management of recurrent disease. Given the fear of cancer recurrence, surveillance may lead to distress and anxiety (“scanxiety”) but its frequency, severity, and management among cancer survivors are poorly understood.

Methods

A systematic review of the PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases was conducted to evaluate existing literature on anxiety and emotional experiences associated with surveillance after curative-intent cancer surgery as well as interventions aimed at reducing scanxiety.

Results

Across the 22 included studies encompassing 8693 patients, reported rates of scanxiety varied significantly, but tended to decrease as time elapsed after surgery. Qualitative studies showed that scanxiety arises from various factors innate to the surveillance experience and is most prevalent in the scan-to-results waiting period. Common risk factors for scanxiety included sociodemographic and cancer-related characteristics, low coping self-efficacy, pre-existing anxiety, and low patient well-being. Conversely, reassurance was a positive aspect of surveillance reported in several studies. Trials evaluating the impact of interventions all focused on modifying the surveillance regimen compared with usual care, but none led to reduced rates of scanxiety.

Conclusions

Although scanxiety is nearly universal across multiple cancer types and patient populations, it is transient and generally limited in severity. Because existing trials evaluating interventions to reduce scanxiety have not identified effective strategies to date, future research is needed to identify interventions aimed at reducing their impact on high-risk individuals.
Heating manifestations at the onset of the 29 June 2012 flare
Authors: Meshalkina Nataliya , Altyntsev Alexander
Published: September 2024

Analysis of GOES data for the SOL2012-06-29T04:09 flare, class C4.6, shows a thermal character of the energy release for several minutes before the impulsive stage. Plasma heating to temperatures above 10 MK leads to the appearance of plasma jets along open field lines and in large loops. This work examines the relationship between the heated plasma and the flare structure and its dynamics, using observations in the X-ray, extreme ultraviolet (EUV), and radio-wave ranges.
Particular attention is drawn to the detection of narrow-band fine temporal structures of radio emission before and after the impulsive stage of the flare in dynamic spectra. In the initial stage, broadband pulses in the decimeter range are observed which can be associated with the formation of thermal fronts in the jets. A series of super-bright drifting bursts in the centimeter range occurs after the end of the impulsive energy release in the flare kernel. Using data from the Siberian Solar Radio Telescope (5.7 GHz), we managed to localize the position of the source of the fine structure of drifting bursts at the remote footpoint of the large-scale flare loop.
Observation at radio frequencies of the hydroxyl (OH) absorption line in filaments and prominences above active regions of the Sun
Authors: Ovchinnikova Nina , Bogod Vladimir , Lebedev Mikhail
Published: September 2024

When observing the Sun with RATAN-600 radio telescope using a spectropolarimetric complex in the range 1–3 GHz, as well as when observing coronal rain, absorption in the radio emission was discovered in the spectral region 1.5–1.65 GHz in active solar regions located under a cold filament or on the limb under a prominence. The observed line structure corresponds to the hyperfine splitting frequencies in the ground state of X2Π3/2 hydroxyl (OH) 1612–1720 MHz. When the observed active region passes through the knife-shaped beam pattern of the telescope antenna, the absorption band shifts in frequency due to a shift in the energy levels of the OH molecule in a magnetic field, which changes along the filament.
Hysteresis phenomena in the response of geomagnetic activity and cosmic ray parameters to variations in the interplanetary medium during a magnetic storm
Authors: Danilova Olga , Ptitsyna Natalia , Sdobnov Valeriy
Published: September 2024

The dynamics of the intensity of cosmic rays is known to be different on the ascending and descending branches of the 11-year solar cycle, i.e., hysteresis phenomena are observed. Recently, it has been obtained that at shorter intervals on the scale of magnetic storms there are also signs of hysteresis in dependences of cosmic ray cutoff rigidities R (geomagnetic thresholds) on heliosphere and geosphere parameters. R is the rigidity below which a particle flux is cut off due to geomagnetic shielding. In this paper, we have analyzed the dependence of the geomagnetic storm index Dst and the variation of the ΔR thresholds on interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and solar wind (SW) parameters during the two-step magnetic storm on September 7–8, 2017. We have found hysteresis phenomena in the following paired series: (1) dependences of Dst on SW and IMF parameters, and (2) dependences of ΔR on SW and IMF parameters. We have established that the dependence curves in the storm descending phase (main phase) and ascending phase (recovery phase) do not coincide — hysteresis loops are formed. A specific feature of the storm under study is the second lowering of Dst in the recovery phase. The hysteresis pattern reflects this specific storm dynamics, forming two hysteresis loops in response to the two Dst drops.
Conditions for the occurrence of intense fluxes of energetic electrons at L<1.2 associated with solar activity and solar wind parameters
Authors: Suvorova Alla , Dmitriev Alexei
Published: September 2024

We present the results of a statistical study of transient enhancements of electrons with energies >30 keV at low drift shells in the quasi-trapped region (forbidden zone) at the geomagnetic equator. Using data from low-altitude NOAA/POES and MetOp satellites, we have compiled a catalog of events with forbidden energetic electron (FEE) enhancements for the period from 1998 to 2023. Statistical analysis of FEE events has revealed solar-cyclic, as well as seasonal and diurnal variations in the occurrence of FEE enhancements. We have examined the correlation of the annual frequency of FEE events with solar activity, solar wind parameters, and geomagnetic activity. Strong correlations have been found with the F10.7 index of solar activity (radio emission flux) as well as with the Alfvén Mach number (solar wind parameter). An interpretation of the obtained results is proposed which is based on the mechanism of electrical drift and radial transport of electrons from Earth’s inner radiation belt to the quasi-trapped region (L<1.2). The key factor for the operation of the mechanism is the effective penetration of the electric field to low latitudes when a significant difference in the conductivity of the high-latitude ionosphere occurs in the illuminated and unilluminated sectors of local time under conditions of weakening auroral activity.
Importance of the electron plasma parameter for excitation of chorus and formation of magnetic field irregularity in the region of their excitation
Authors: Bespalov Peter , Savina Olga , Zharavina Polina
Published: September 2024

A threshold condition has been established for excitation of VLF electromagnetic radiation with a chorus structure of the dynamic spectrum in the daytime magnetosphere using the BPA (Beam Pulse Amplifier) mechanism for amplifying short noise electromagnetic pulses. The kappa distribution was used as a model function of the electron velocity distribution in the magnetosphere. Calculations performed for this distribution have shown that the threshold for excitation of chorus largely depends on the electron plasma parameter equal to the ratio of gas-kinetic pressure of electrons to magnetic pressure. This pattern is not contradicted by the dependence of the probability of excitation of chorus on the degree of magnetic field irregularity, which we derived from observations made by the Van Allen Probe spacecraft. It is sharp fluctuations in the magnetic field strength near its local minima outside the plasmasphere where the radiation under study can be excited. If there is an irregularity, the probability of detecting chorus is >70 %; and if there is no or very low irregularity, the probability of the absence of any emissions is ~80 %. The results indicate a common reason for the excitation of chorus and the magnetic field irregularity — a small but finite value of the plasma parameter.
Long-period geomagnetic pulsations as an element of the space weather influence on technologocal systems
Authors: Yagova Nadezda , Saharov Yaroslav , Pilipenko Vyacheslav , Selivanov Vasiliy
Published: September 2024

We analyze variations in geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) and pulsations of the geomagnetic field latitudinal By component in the frequency range 1–20 mHz. The analysis is based on the data from GIC registration at the Kola Peninsula and magnetic data from IMAGE network stations, obtained with 10 s sampling in 2017. This allows us to include pulsations of both Pc5/Pi3 and Pc4/Pi2 frequency range in the analysis and examine polyharmonic pulsations with spectral maxima in both ranges. It is shown that GICs are effectively generated at frequencies above 5 mHz. Polyharmonic pulsations are potentially more dangerous than monoharmonic ones because the ratio of GIC to magnetic field pulsations’ amplitude is higher and the lifetime of unipolar GIC is longer.
Splenic rupture as a rare complication of infectious mononucleosis – case report
Authors: Błaszczyszyn Katarzyna , Orzechowski Maciej , Wójtowicz Aleksander , Orzechowski Janusz
Published: September 2024

Infectious mononucleosis, caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, is a contagious disease primarily transmitted through bodily fluids, such as saliva. It is characterized by flu-like prodromal symptoms, followed by the tonsils enlargement, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. Complications although rare, may include thrombocytopenia, anemia, encephalitis, myocarditis, or pancreatitis. One of the most dangerous is splenic rupture, which occurs in 0.1% to 0.5% of patients diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis.
We present the case of an 18-year-old patient, admitted to the general surgery department with acute abdominal pain, later diagnosed with Epstein-Barr virus-related splenic rupture unrelated to any trauma. The subsequent laboratory tests revealed leukocytosis, anemia, and abnormal liver function. Imaging revealed free fluid and an enlarged spleen, prompting laparoscopy, later converted to laparotomy due to surgical complexities. Splenectomy was performed, resulting in clinical improvement. Following effective treatment and implemented interventions, the patient was discharged after 7 days with specific postoperative instructions.
The role of flozins in managing cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes - narrative review
Authors: Bednarczyk Paulina , Chodak Izabella , Chodak Weronika , Czyczerska Magdalena , Klimek Martyna , Lechowski Sebastian
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The emergence of flozins, a class of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors, has introduced a novel therapeutic avenue with potential cardiovascular benefits beyond glycemic control. 
Objective. This review aims to synthesize current evidence on the role of flozins in managing cardiovascular risk among patients with T2DM, examining their efficacy, safety profile, and mechanisms of action.
Review methods. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases, covering studies published between 2015 and 2024. Clinical trials, meta-analyses, and observational studies evaluating the cardiovascular outcomes associated with flozins in T2DM patients were included.
Brief description of the state of knowledge. Research shows that flozins improve glycemic control and provide significant cardiovascular protection, reducing major adverse cardiovascular events, heart failure hospitalizations, and cardiovascular mortality in T2DM patients. These benefits are likely due to hemodynamic changes, enhanced cardiac function, and reduced inflammation and oxidative stress.
Summary. Flozins represent a promising therapeutic option for reducing cardiovascular risk in T2DM patients. Their dual benefits on both metabolic and cardiovascular health position them as a cornerstone in the management of T2DM. Further research is needed to fully elucidate their long-term benefits and safety in diverse patient populations.
The effect of rising e-cigarette usage among young people on public health and physical activity
Authors: Krompiewski Mariusz , Marek Miśkiewicz  , Jakub Ptak  , Rafał Noga  , Jagoda Marcinkowska  , Adrian Herc  , Karolina Koczkodon  , Victoria Teska  , Jakub Perłowski  , Marcelina Sawczuk
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes/ENDS) are regarded by many as a safe alternative to traditional cigarettes. This article will present a review of the current knowledge regarding the effects and impact of electronic cigarettes on health and the risk of addiction in adolescents.
Methods: We selected articles with an unlimited search period in several databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and the websites of the Polish government. Only articles with free full text were included in the review. There were no restrictions based on article type.
Conclusions: The increasing consumption of e-cigarettes (ENDS) among young people in Poland is emerging as a significant public health concern. The high addictive potential of nicotine, coupled with the toxicity of aerosols and the multitude of ways in which manufacturers make their products more appealing, gives rise to the risk of an increase in future patients with impaired performance in sports, and consequently with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, as well as the necessity to combat addiction. Reducing and preventing the use of tobacco products by children and adolescents represents one of the most significant challenges currently facing the public health sector in Poland.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome - current state of knowledge
Authors: Opala Dominika , Staszczyk Izabela , Szczotka Dominika , Osuch Dobromiła , Drabik Aleksandra , Szemplińska Antonina , Błachnio Klaudia , Anderska Agnieszka
Published: September 2024

Introduction and objective: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastroenterological disorder affecting  9% to 23% of the population worldwide. The disease causes recurrent abdominal pain and abnormal bowel movements without visible anatomical or biochemical changes and diagnosis is often difficult. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current knowledge of the pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of IBS.
Review methods: The literature available in the PubMed database was reviewed using the following key words: "irritable bowel syndrome," "constipation," "diarrhea", "abdominal pain", "diagnostics", "treatment". 49 articles were included in the review and 80% were from 2016-2024.
Current state of knowledge: The pathophysiology of IBS is not fully understood, but it is recognized that the disease is a disorder of the gut-brain axis. It can lead to abnormal secretion of serotonin and dopamine, which affects symptoms. The diagnosis of IBS is based on the Rome IV Criteria, defining the characteristics and severity of symptoms.
Summary: IBS is a disorder that significantly affects quality of life. Diagnosis is based on the exclusion of organic diseases and meeting certain criteria. Treatment includes both dietary modification and pharmacotherapy aimed at relieving symptoms. Despite advances in research, the pathophysiology of IBS is still not fully understood, making it difficult to develop effective treatments.
Cystic Fibrosis: A Review of Current Knowledge, Treatment Methods and Diagnostics
Authors: Wdowiak Natalia , Choinka Martyna , Konopka Agata , Szczepaniak Zuzanna , Adamska Kinga , Kaczmarek Aleksandra
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by a mutation in the CFTR gene. Characteristic symptoms include persistent lung infection, pancreatic insufficiency, and elevated sweat chloride, although many patients have mild or atypical symptoms. Diagnosis of CF is based primarily on the detection of genetic and/or functional abnormalities in the CFTR gene. Treatment includes pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, mucolytic drugs, respiratory physiotherapy, and antibiotic therapy.
Purpose of the work: This study aims to review and characterize the clinical and pathophysiological aspects of cystic fibrosis.
Materials and methods: A comprehensive analysis of research papers available on PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus was undertaken using the searchterms encompassing the following keywords: Cystic fibrosis, CFTR, Chloride Channels, Lung Inflammation, Diagnosis, Gene therapy, Treatment.
Results: Cystic fibrosis is the most common, multisystem, life-threatening recessive disease in the white race. Although many organs are affected, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality is lung disease. Treatment requires pharmacotherapy, extensive physiotherapy, and nutritional support. In recent years, there has been significant progress in the diagnosis and treatment of cystic fibrosis, and the average survival has increased from a few to almost 50 years.
Criteria and indicators of levels of formation of auditory self-control skills of the future art school teacher in instrumental ensemble classes
Authors:   Borys Grinchenko Kyiv Metropolitan University, Isaienko Hanna
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes scientific approaches for the development of criteria and indicators of the levels of formation of auditory self-control skills of a future art school teacher in instrumental ensemble classes. The most relevant works of modern scientists, who consider the issue of various types of self-control in the professional training of a teacher of musical disciplines, which are covered in domestic and foreign scientific works, are highlighted. The purpose of the article is formed, which involves the definition of criteria, indicators of the levels of formation of auditory self-control skills of the future art school teacher in instrumental ensemble classes. The criteria, indicators of the levels of formation of auditory self-control skills of the future art school teacher in instrumental ensemble classes are determined. The concepts of “criterion” and “indicator” are considered. The main criteria for auditory self-control skills of a future art school teacher in instrumental ensemble classes are defined as: need-reflexive, cognitive-knowledge, perceptive, praxeological. Proposed indicators of the levels of formation of auditory selfcontrol skills of future art school teachers in instrumental ensemble classes. A three-point system for evaluating indicators of the levels of formation of auditory self-control skills of a future art school teacher in instrumental ensemble classes is defined. The characteristics of high, medium and low levels of formation of auditory self-control skills in instrumental ensemble classes are described. We assume that the experimental data will become the basis for updating the content of working training programs in instrumental and executive disciplines. Also, the proposed method can be used in the professional training of students of higher art education institutions.
Features of practical training future specialists of the specialty 231 Social work under the educational and professional program "Social pedagogy"
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Opanasenko Oksana
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to highlighting the features of practical training of future specialists in the social sphere, highlighting practical experience and problematic points in the training of social pedagogues, social workers. An analysis of the latest research and publications on the content of the professional training of future specialists in the social sphere in Ukraine was carried out. Presented are modern approaches to the implementation of practical training of students of higher education institutions, namely, future specialists in the socionomic sphere. The educational and professional programs «Social pedagogy» training specialists of the specialty 231 Social work of higher education institutions of Ukraine were developed, in particular, the practical training of students in the modern conditions of such institutions of higher education was analyzed: Kharkiv National Pedagogical University named after H.S. Skovorody, Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University, Khmelnytskyi National University, Zaporizhia National University. The conditions of students' readiness to undergo practice in social institutions have been characterized, and it has been determined that practical training is aimed at the acquisition of professional and general competencies by students of higher education. Attention is focused on the importance of adapting the tasks of practical training of students of higher education in the socio-economic sphere to the conditions of the introduction of martial law. As an example, a number of organizations that can be the main bases of practice for students of the specialty 231 Social work under the educational and professional program «Social pedagogy» are given. The content of the practice, which is determined by the leading types of activities that ensure the realization of the professional functions of a social sphere specialist, is outlined. The main types of students' activities during practical training in institutions are specified.
Evolution of the ideas of children's rights protection
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Mudryi Yaroslav
Published: September 2024

The article examines the ideas of children's rights protection from a historical perspective. It was found that in the Antiquity period, a child's life was not regarded as particularly valuable; children could be killed or left without proper care. The state had a significant influence on the process of child-rearing, shaping the skills and beliefs necessary for society. During the Middle Ages, children were seen as an economic resource for the family, and religion had a substantial impact on their upbringing. The Renaissance marked an important period for the development of humanistic ideas concerning human rights, including children's rights. Ideas emerged about the necessity of protecting children's rights, ensuring their proper upbringing, and creating a conducive environment for the development of their moral and intellectual qualities. Childhood began to be recognized as a distinct stage of life with its own unique characteristics and needs. In the Enlightenment period, ideas about the necessity of protecting and guaranteeing children's rights began to take shape. It was recognized that children had a certain level of freedom and rights to self-expression and selfrealization. The Industrial Revolution of the 18th-19th centuries initiated discussions about the need to recognize children's rights to protection from exploitation, improve their living conditions, and legally enshrine children's rights. From the beginning of the 20th century, following World War I, there was a growing interest in the issue of child protection in most European and North American countries. In 1924, the Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child was adopted, which, despite being purely declarative, became the first international legal document aimed at protecting children's rights and interests. In 1959, as a continuation of the ideas of the Geneva Declaration, the UN General Assembly proclaimed the Declaration of the Rights of the Child, which was more comprehensive and detailed. However, these documents were not legally binding and served merely as recommendations. The 1989 UN Convention on the Rights of the Child became the foundation for international protection of children's rights and is mandatory for implementation by the states that have ratified it.
Digital tools in social work practice with young people
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Popov Oleksandr
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes contemporary application of digital tools in social work practice with young people. Given the subject of study, the concept of “digital tools” is interpreted as software, applications or electronic platforms used to solve certain tasks of social work. With consideration of statistics regarding Internet penetration level in early 2024 in Ukraine, the use of offline, online and mixed digital tools in social work with young people is justified. Possible ways of computer, console and mobile games implementation in social work practice with young people are presented. The example of a computer game, which was designed and developed directly for social work is given. The differences between digital tools that involve the “immersion” of users into virtual and augmented reality are revealed. Examples of VR- and AR-applications already used in social work practice are provided. Major areas of application of tools for organizing online-communication and interaction are revealed. The most widespread social media platforms in Ukraine are determined as of early 2024. Key areas of using social media in social work practice with youth are outlined. The possibilities of integrating Artificial Intelligence tools into the social work practice with young people are delineated, examples of such AI-instruments are given. The article also indicates that digital tools are often used in addition to traditional offline interaction with the clients. The main advantages of digital tools implementation in social work practice with young people, as well as the key emerging challenges related to social work digitalization are identified.
Prevention of professional burnout among auxiliary professionals using coaching technologies
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Tuntuyeva Svitlana , Syomkina Inna ,   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the pressing issue of professional burnout among auxiliary professionals, utilizing coaching technologies as an effective prevention tool. The syndrome of professional burnout has intrigued researchers worldwide for many years but remains inadequately studied, as technological advancements necessitate constant adaptation, modification, and enhancement of methods and forms for prevention and correction of burnout. Events unfolding in Ukraine and globally adversely affect the entire population, exacerbating workload and accelerating emotional exhaustion among auxiliary professionals. Therefore, this topic requires additional study, analysis, and research, as it is crucial for these professionals to be able to recognize, understand, and restore their emotional state, and to remain resilient and stress-resistant in stressful situations. The main factors contributing to burnout in this category of workers, such as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, have been identified. Methods and coaching strategies aimed at increasing resilience and stress resilience among workers are discussed, including an individualized approach to psychological support. The authors analyze the effectiveness of coaching as an innovative approach to ensuring psychological well-being in the professional environment, drawing conclusions about the potential benefits of such an approach for practical implementation in today's job market. The authors conclude that prevention of professional burnout through coaching technologies is an effective approach that contributes to enhancing the quality of life and professional activities of auxiliary professionals.
Systemic-family approach in counseling families in the provision of social and rehabilitation services for children
Authors:   IHE ", Krynytska Iryna ,   Ukrainian Catholic University", Horishna Nadiia ,   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Stolyaryk Olha ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: September 2024

The article focuses on social and rehabilitation services in the community. The publication aims to highlight the peculiarities of counseling by social work specialists for families raising children with disabilities during social rehabilitation services. It is noted that the content of social rehabilitation services includes such components as the development of social skills, abilities and strengths of children and their families, social support, social services, development of adaptive potential, access to resources. Specialists focus on the environment in which a child with a disability develops, primarily the family, which should become a client of social rehabilitation activities and which should be the focus of counseling. The use of the systemic-family approach in counseling families raising children with disabilities, in which the family is considered as an integral system, is considered relevant. The principles of neutrality, constructivism, and circularity are basic to the systemic-family approach, and the article explains their meaning. The measures that can be implemented during family counselling, based on the measures of social counselling services, are proposed. It is noted that expanding the focus of work during counselling to the family and its environment, in turn, expands support networks for the family, opportunities for cooperation between the team of specialists involved in the social rehabilitation of children.
The concept of social education of V. Zenkovsky
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Vakhovskyi Leonid
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the socio-historical and pedagogical context, highlighting the main provisions of the concept of social education of the outstanding philosopher, psychologist and pedagogue V. Zenkovsky. It is shown that the relevance of the idea of social education in Ukraine at the beginning of the 1920s was determined by the dramatic socio-economic and socio-political situation that arose as a result of wars, devastation, famine, the spread of homelessness and neglect, and the state educational policy. It is emphasized that the immediate factor that prompted V. Zenkovsky to turn to the problem of social education was not only the state of society at that time, but also the spread and absolutization of the principle of individualization of education and upbringing in the pedagogical science of that time. The scientist proved that education is social in nature and reflects not only the interests of society, but also the interests and needs of a child, whose individuality is manifested in society. The approaches of V. Zenkovsky regarding the essence of social education are identified. In his opinion, social education is aimed at the development of social activity, “taste” for social activity, education in the spirit of solidarity, as well as its basis, which is considered to be natural sociality and social forces in a child’s soul. The position of the scientist regarding the ways and means of social education, determining the role of the family, preschool institutions, school and extracurricular work in this process is revealed. It is argued that the author deeply understood the uniqueness and irreplaceability of each educational body, was convinced of the need for their close cooperation, which he considered the ideal of social education.
Characteristics of problems and challenges faced by Ukrainian civil society organizations in providing social support to internally displaced persons
Authors:   East Europe Foundation, Liakh Viktor
Published: September 2024

The full-scale invasion of Ukraine has led to a worsening humanitarian situation for those who have lost their homes, been injured or wounded, and have been forced to leave their permanent places of residence. The significant increase in the number of displaced persons has created a substantial burden on social infrastructure, necessitating the optimization and enhancement of activities of social institutions and facilities. Currently, Ukraine ranks ninth in the world in terms of the number of internally displaced persons. The issue of internally displaced persons, their social adaptation, protection, and restoration of rights has become widespread and holds global significance in our country. This means that the majority of internally displaced persons are in a state of vulnerability and sometimes face difficult life circumstances. Ukrainian civil society organizations, along with state entities, provide social support and services to internally displaced persons, implementing numerous social projects and programs. Overcoming the challenges they face, civil society organizations strive to collaborate, provide proper training to their specialists for working with the target group of social work clients, as well as develop and strengthen host communities, contributing to their organizational development and potential. The East Europe Foundation (https://eef.org.ua) supports Ukrainian civil society organizations by spreading best practices for the adaptation and integration of internally displaced persons and highlighting effective interaction between local governments and new community residents. The author of the article analyzes the challenges faced by Ukrainian civil society organizations in providing social support to internally displaced persons, presents successful case studies of such practices, and offers online courses that can be useful for social work professionals in improving social support for internally displaced persons and developing effective social projects focused on this target group of social work clients.
The work of the psychological service in charitable and public organizations
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Kharchenko Anastasiia
Published: September 2024

The article examines the mechanism of responding to a request from a client and the organization of providing psychological services in the work of charitable and public organizations. The main tasks of a psychological service are diagnostics and normalization of mental state of the recipient of services; restoration of disturbed mental state to an optimal level of mental health; correction of the personality of the recipient of services to ensure his or her efficient functioning in society; formation and restoration of adaptive mechanisms; conducting psychoprophylaxis; formation of positive reactions, motivations, social attitudes towards life and cognitive activity; providing assistance in establishing or restoring constructive relations with the family and social environment. In particular, seven types of psychological services are distinguished: psychological diagnostics, crisis psychological counseling, psychological counseling, psychotherapy, psychological support and accompaniment, group work and psychological first aid. Based on the study of the work of several charitable and public organizations, the main requests for psychological services were identified to be family relations, sexual problems, contacts with peers, education and career guidance, gender-based violence, somatic and mental health, general and psychophysiological development. We achieved the set goal, which involved studying the system of psychological services in the structures of charitable and public organizations. In the article, we described the types and the procedures of providing psychological services and its documentation.
High Unbound Fraction of Valproic Acid in a Hypoalbuminemic Critically III Patient on Renal Replacement Therapy
Authors: Maat Monique MR de , Leeuwen Henk J van , Edelbroek Peter M
Published: September 2024

Objective:

To describe a hypoalbuminemic critically ill patient with subtherapeutic total valproic acid serum concentrations but unbound valproic acid concentrations within normal limits.

Case Summary:

During an intensive care unit admission, a 61-year-old woman with urosepsis and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome developed tonic-clonic seizures with respiratory failure, and tracheal intubation was performed. An intravenous loading dose of valproic acid 1500 mg (25 mg/kg) was administered and therapy was continued with valproic acid 750 mg (12.5 mg/kg) twice daily. Because of progressive renal failure, continuous venovenous hemofiltration was started on day 3 of valproic acid therapy. On day 7 of valproic acid therapy, routine testing of serum valproic acid trough concentration returned as undetectable. Subsequent determinations of trough serum concentrations of total valproic acid showed values below the therapeutic range. Data from a full pharmacokinetic curve (multiple blood samples during a dosing interval) showed that the free fraction of valproic acid was >60%. Although total valproic acid concentrations were still low, the unbound concentrations were considered therapeutic. Serum albumin was 1.2 g/dL on the multiple sampling day,

Discussion:

The patient's hypoalbuminemia probably explains the remarkably high free fraction of valproic acid. Our hypothesis is that the low albumin level was associated with high plasma clearance of valproic acid, leading to extremely low total drug concentrations. To our knowledge, this high percentage of free valproic acid has not been previously described.

Conclusions:

Healthcare professionals should be aware of the need of early determination of both total and free fraction valproic acid serum concentrations in hypoalbuminemic critically ill patients. Increasing the dose of valproic acid purely based on total valproic acid serum concentrations in this patient population should be avoided.
Successful Use of Topical Voriconazole 1% Alone as First-Line Antifungal Therapy Against Candida albicans Keratitis
Authors: Al-Badriyeh Daoud , Leung Lok , Davies Geoffrey E , Stewart Kay , Kong David
Published: September 2024

Objective:

To report the successful use of topical voriconazole 1% given alone as primary therapy against a case of Candida albicans keratitis.

Case Summary:

A 48-year-old previously well man presented to the emergency department with pain and foreign body sensation in the left eye following exposure to dust while driving a forklift He wore weekly disposable soft contact lenses. Anterior stromal scar and dense infiltrate were detected in the left eye. The anterior chamber remained deep, with flare and copious white cells. Intraocular pressure was 12 mm Hg and visual acuity was 20/200. The epithelial defect persisted, with progressive thinning despite topical fluorometholone and ofloxacin 0.3% therapy for 2 days. Microbiology testing revealed C. albicans as the affecting pathogen. Hourly administration of voriconazole 1% eye drops was initiated as antifungal therapy. The corneal infiltrate began to resolve and the epithelial defect decreased in size within 2 days. Visual acuity improved to 20/120. After 4 days of voriconazole use, the epithelial defect was completely healed and visual acuity was 20/30 in the affected eye. No fungi were isolated from a second eye scrape.

Discussion:

Topical voriconazole as salvage monotherapy to manage fungal keratitis has been previously reported. It can be argued, however, that the primary therapy has facilitated the positive response to subsequent topical voriconazole. To date, there has been no solid evidence to suggest that topical voriconazole is effective when used as primary therapy. The current report provides evidence of topical voriconazole demonstrating clinical success when used as first-line therapy to treat C. albicans keratitis. The use of topical voriconazole can reduce the costs, toxicity, and drug interactions associated with common antifungal therapies.

Conclusions:

Topical voriconazole 1% eye drops administered alone demonstrated success as first-line therapy against the most common fungal keratitis, C. albicans keratitis.
Treatment of Recurrent Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia with Doxycycline and Aerosolized Colistin
Authors: Wood G Christopher , Underwood Elizabeth L , Croce Martin A , Swanson Joseph M , Fabian Timothy C
Published: September 2024

Objective:

To report a case of recurrent Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) that was successfully treated with doxycycline and aerosolized colistin.

Case Summary:

A 28-year-old male was admitted with a severe head injury and required mechanical ventilation. The patient developed S. maltophilia VAP on hospital day 17, which was cured after 7 days of treatment with high-dose intravenous trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX). However, on day 34, the patient developed recurrent S. maltophilia VAP that did not respond clinically or demonstrate eradication on follow-up culture after 10 days of TMP/SMX. At that time, TMP/SMX was discontinued and treatment was initiated with intravenous doxycycline and aerosolized colistin. The VAP episode was cured after 14 days of treatment with doxycycline/aerosolized colistin.

Discussion:

S. maltophilia is an emerging cause of VAP in some centers. This organism is associated with high mortality rates and has few treatment options because it is intrinsically resistant to most drug classes. Recent data suggest that doxycycline and aerosolized colistin each are effective in treatment of other multidrug-resistant organisms, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. However, this is the first report describing the use of this antibiotic regimen for S. maltophilia. High-dose TMP/SMX is considered to be the drug of choice primarily based on excellent in vitro activity. Few data exist on how to treat patients who fail therapy with TMP/SMX or cannot receive that drug because of resistance, allergy, or adverse events. Thus, it is important to report alternative methods for treating this infection.

Conclusions:

The positive clinical response to doxycycline and aerosolized colistin seen in the patient described here suggests that this combination may be an alternative treatment in patients who fail initial treatment or cannot receive standard therapies.
Complications in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery in the Last 10 Years: A Narrative Review
Authors: Boadi Blake I. , Ikwuegbuenyi Chibuikem Anthony , Inzerillo Sean , Dykhouse Gabrielle , Bratescu Rachel , Omer Mazin , Kashlan Osama N. , Elsayed Galal , Härtl Roger
Published: September 2024

Objective: Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) employs small incisions and advanced techniques to minimize tissue damage while achieving similar outcomes to open surgery. MISS offers benefits such as reduced blood loss, shorter hospital stays, and lower costs. This review analyzes complications associated with MISS over the last 10 years, highlighting common issues and the impact of technological advancements.Methods: A systematic review following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase via OVID, and Cochrane databases, covering publications from January 2013 to March 2024. Keywords related to MISS and complications were used. Studies on adult patients undergoing MISS with tubular, uniportal, or biportal endoscopy, reporting intraoperative or postoperative complications, were included. Non-English publications, abstracts, and small case series were excluded. Data on MISS approach, patient demographics, and complications were extracted and reviewed by 2 independent researchers.Results: The search identified 880 studies, with 137 included after screening and exclusions. Key complications in cervical MISS were hematomas, transient nerve root palsy, and dural tears. In thoracic MISS, complications included cerebrospinal fluid leaks and durotomy. In lumbar MISS, common complications were incidental dural injuries, postoperative neuropathic conditions, and disc herniation recurrences. Complications varied by surgical approach.Conclusion: MISS offers reduced anatomical disruption compared to open surgery, potentially decreasing nerve injury risk. However, complications such as nerve injuries, durotomies, and hardware misplacement still occur. Intraoperative neuromonitoring and advanced technologies like navigation can help mitigate these risks. Despite variability in complication rates, MISS remains a safe, effective alternative with ongoing advancements enhancing its outcomes.
A Note from the New Director
Authors: Glezer Emily
Published: September 2024

This is a note from the incoming director of the UJE.