bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ingresso na carreira docente: As experiências de Brasil e Chile
Authors: Souza Angelo Ricardo , Abreu Diana Cristina
Published: July 2016

Este trabalho analisa as políticas de ingresso na carreira docente nos sistemas públicos de ensino, no Chile e no Brasil, em uma perspectiva comparada. O artigo toma como elementos comparativos as formas e critérios para a regulação da carreira docente, especificamente os estatutos e planos de carreira em vigor. No Brasil, o trabalho toma os dados de doze estados e suas capitais como referência para análise, uma vez que não temos uma carreira única nacional. No Chile, que tem elementos padronizados nacionalmente, tomam-se as referências nacionais para a carreira docente. O estudo conclui que ambos os países apresentam uma espécie de caos nas formas de ingresso docente, e os critérios para a postulação dos cargos são diversas, pois embora existam legislações nacionais, permite-se a diversidade na forma e nos critérios de ingresso na carreira docente. E, por fim, o trabalho ainda aponta que as provas de ingresso na carreira docente se tornam um potencial instrumento que pode garantir melhorias na qualidade educacional, entretanto isso se dá em contextos desfavoráveis ao exercício da atividade docente.
Assessment of vitamin D status – a changing landscape
Authors: Herrmann Markus , Farrell Christopher-John L. , Pusceddu Irene , Fabregat-Cabello Neus , Cavalier Etienne
Published: June 2016

In recent years it has been shown that vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased incidence as well as the progression of a broad range of diseases including osteoporosis, rickets, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disease, multiple sclerosis and cancer. Consequently, requests for the assessment of vitamin D status have increased dramatically. Despite significant progress in the analysis of vitamin D metabolites and an expansion of our pathophysiological knowledge of vitamin D, the assessment of vitamin D status remains a challenging and partially unresolved issue. Current guidelines from scientific bodies recommend the measurement of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) in blood as the preferred test. However, growing evidence indicates significant limitations of this test, including analytical aspects and interpretation of results. In addition, the relationships between 25-OHD and various clinical indices, such as bone mineral density and fracture risk, are rather weak and not consistent across races. Recent studies have systematically investigated new markers of vitamin D status including the vitamin D metabolite ratio (VMR) (ratio between 25-OHD and 24,25-dihydroxy vitamin D), bioavailable 25-OHD [25-OHD not bound to vitamin D binding protein (DBP)], and free 25-OHD [circulating 25-OHD bound to neither DBP nor albumin (ALB)]. These parameters may potentially change how we will assess vitamin D status in the future. Although these new biomarkers have expanded our knowledge about vitamin D metabolism, a range of unresolved issues regarding their measurement and the interpretation of results prevent their use in daily practice. It can be expected that some of these issues will be overcome in the near future so that they may be considered for routine use (at least in specialized centers). In addition, genetic studies have revealed several polymorphisms in key proteins of vitamin D metabolism that affect the circulating concentrations of vitamin D metabolites. The affected proteins include DBP, 7-dehydrocholesterol synthase and the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Here we aim to review existing knowledge regarding the biochemistry, physiology and measurement of vitamin D. We will also provide an overview of current and emerging biomarkers for the assessment of vitamin D status, with particular attention methodological aspects and their usefulness in clinical practice.
Determination of the Material Relative Permittivity in the UHF Band by Using T and Modified Ring Resonators
Authors: Jankowski-Mihułowicz Piotr , Lichoń Wojciech , Pitera Grzegorz , Węglarski Mariusz
Published: June 2016

The complete methodology of designing T- and modified ring resonators in the UHF band are presented in the paper. On the basis of proposed algorithms, the dedicated software tool has been elaborated in order to determine material parameters of contemporary substrates. The program is implemented in the Mathcad environment and it includes the base of information on known materials used in electronic products. Also, test sample series for selected substrate materials (IS680, FR408, I-SPEED PCB ISOLA and A6-S LTCC FERRO) and operating frequencies from 1 GHz to 3 GHz are analyzed in details. The special test stand with a vector network analyzer has been applied in experiments. The obtained data of relative permittivity measurements and model calculations are described, discussed and concluded.
The Issue of Data Exchange in the UHF Band RFID System with an Semi-Passive Transponder
Authors: Gotfryd Marek , Lichoń Wojciech , Pawłowicz Bartosz
Published: June 2016

The article discusses the specifics of data exchange in the UHF band RFID systems using semi-passive transponders. In addition to the antenna and the RFID chip, there is also an additional source of energy (eg. battery) in the structure of such transponder. The battery may be used to implement additional functions such as the ability to measure physical quantities (eg. temperature, humidity). In this regard, particular attention was paid to the discussion of phases of communication between transponder and RWD associated with additional data (measurement results). An analysis of transmitted data frames has been presented. The preliminary results of the measurements have shown that the number of memory block transmitted from transponder has an impact on the effectiveness of RFID system.
Fast evaluation of the coalbed methane content of coal viewed as an element leading to improvement in exploitation conditions
Authors: Skoczylas Norbert
Published: June 2016

Methane, as a co-occurring compound, can be found in the majority of coal basins all over the world. The knowledge of methane content is a basic piece of information used in balancing and describing a given coal seam, in conducting safe exploitation – with methane hazards and methane and rock outburst hazards in mind – as well as in less common procedures, such as coal seam fracturing and methane extraction, or storing carbon dioxide in off-balance coal seams. The author of the present paper outlines a thoroughly modified desorbometric method used to analyze the coal-methane system. The research object, in underground conditions, is the full process of releasing methane from coal, which makes it possible to determine gas losses, the desorbable methane content, and the effective diffusion coefficient. This type of research can be conducted in less than 24 hours due to the reduction of the grain fraction of the analyzed bore dust. The thorough research in underground conditions was preceded by a model analysis of the simultaneous impact of the desorbable methane content in coal and the effective diffusion coefficient upon the value of the desorption indensity index. The influence of a grain fraction on the kinetics of methane release from coal was described, and the 0.20–0.25 [mm] grain fraction was selected. The choice of this particular fraction made it possible to register the full process of methane release from coal, in the assumed time. An original methodology of performing underground measurements was presented, together with an instrument used to perform these measurements. The underground research involved measuring the desorbable methane content according to the presented original methodology, which was done simultaneously with an analysis of the coalbed methane content carried out by means of the bore dust method, an analysis of desorption intensity, and an analysis of the technical parameters of coal. The results point to a substantial discrepancy between the desorbable methane content in coal and the coalbed methane content measured by the bore hole method in compliance with the Polish standard. The mean relative percentage error for 17 measurements was 6.5%. The author provided an example concerning using the effective diffusion coefficient in explaining substantial differences in the desorption intensity index for two samples characterized by the similar coalbed methane content.
Characteristics of Near-Surface Part of the Orzesze Beds in the Region of the Main Saddle in View of Weathering Processes
Authors: Jonczy Iwona , Borówka Borys
Published: June 2016

The article presents the characterization of a near-surface part of Orzesze beds in the region of the main saddle. The lithological profile of the region in concern has been confirmed to contain claystones with interburdens of sandstones and sands occurring at the surface. Among the claystones, a coal bed was drilled into.

Field observations with a video camera, direct observations made in the boreholes and laboratory studies of the obtained rock samples have indicated high levels of weathering of the clastic formations.

The weathering processes within the sandstones form fissures and rock voids by means of which rainwater flows freely into the deeper parts of the rock mass.

The mineral composition of the sandstones includes mostly quartz, accompanied by plagioclases, micas, breccias and heavy minerals in smaller amounts. The binding material is cement-type and clayey-carbonate. The sands occurring at the surface constitute their eluvium, which is evidenced by similar texture qualities of both the sediments. The claystones contain mostly kaolinite and quartz; in their composition minerals from smectite group were also found. They are characterized by very high absorbability, which leads to their swelling and washing out. It has been found that the weathered parts of rocks indicate significantly lowered compressive strength in comparison to the values assumed in case of the rocks of the Orzesze beds.
Laplace inversion for the solution of an abstract heat equation without the forward transform of the source term
Authors: Wu Shu-Lin
Published: June 2016

We consider the discretization in time of inhomogeneous parabolic equations, using the technique of Laplace inversion along a contour located in the complex left half-plane which, after transformation to a finite interval, is then evaluated to high accuracy by a contour quadrature rule. This reduces the problem to a finite set of elliptic equations with complex coefficients, which may be solved in parallel. A serious problem is how to treat the source term
Association between physical activity and bone in children with Prader-Willi syndrome
Authors: Duran Andrea T. , Wilson Kathleen S. , Castner Diobel M. , Tucker Jared M. , Rubin Daniela A.
Published: June 2016

The aim of the study was to determine if physical activity (PA) is associated with bone health in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS).

Participants included 23 children with PWS (age: 11.0±2.0 years). PA, measured by accelerometry, was categorized into light, moderate, vigorous and moderate plus vigorous intensities. Hip, total body minus the head (body), bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD) and BMD z-score (BMD

Moderate PA and select covariates explained the most variance in hip BMC (84.0%), BMD (61.3%) and BMD

PA of at least moderate intensity appears important for BMC and BMD in children with PWS.
Early pregnancy serum neopterin concentrations predict spontaneous preterm birth in asymptomatic pregnant women
Authors: Navolan Dan Bogdan , Vladareanu Simona , Lahdou Imad , Ciohat Ioana , Kleist Christian , Grigoras Dorin , Vladareanu Radu , Terness Peter , Sas Ioan
Published: June 2016

To investigate if early pregnancy serum neopterin concentrations (EPSN) could predict spontaneous preterm birth (SPB).

EPSN was measured in 92 sera collected from 46 pregnant women with birth at term and 40 sera from 20 pregnant women with preterm birth. Two sera were collected for each case: in the first and early second trimester.

EPSN concentrations correlate with gestational age (ρ=0.275, P=0.001), a correlation which was present in both groups: term and preterm birth. EPSN were higher in pregnancies with SPB compared with normal pregnancies (6.27±1.03 vs. 6.04±0.15, P=0.039). Patients with SPB showed a considerable increase of EPSN in the second trimester compared with patients with birth at term (7.30±1.53 vs. 6.16±0.23, P=0.043). A sharper increase was found in the group with SPB before 32 weeks of pregnancy (wp) (9.83±4.36 vs. 6.16±0.23, P=0.016). Pregnant women with an early second trimester serum neopterin value of above 8 nmol/L are associated with a risk of SPB before 32 wp (odds ratio=14.4, P=0.01) and of SPB before 34 wp (odds ratio=3.6, P=0.05), respectively.

EPSN increases with the gestational age and predicts SPB in asymptomatic pregnant women.
Application of Expectation Maximization Method for Purchase Decision-Making Support in Welding Branch
Authors: Kujawińska Agnieszka , Rogalewicz Michał , Diering Magdalena
Published: June 2016

The article presents a study of applying the proposed method of cluster analysis to support purchasing decisions in the welding industry. The authors analyze the usefulness of the non-hierarchical method, Expectation Maximization (EM), in the selection of material (212 combinations of flux and wire melt) for the SAW (Submerged Arc Welding) method process. The proposed approach to cluster analysis is proved as useful in supporting purchase decisions.
A Customer’s Possibilities to Increase the Performance of a Service Provider by Adding Value and Deepening the Partnership in Facility Management Service
Authors: Sillanpää Elina , Junnonen Juha-Matti , Sillanpää Ilkka , Saari Arto
Published: June 2016

Reliable and good suppliers are an important competitive advantage for a customer and that is why the development of suppliers, improvement of performance and enhancement of customership are also in the interest of the customer. The purpose of this study is to clarify a customer’s possibilities to increase the performance of a service provider and to develop the service process in FM services and thus help to improve partnership development. This research is a qualitative research. The research complements the existing generic model of supplier development towards partnership development by customer and clarifies the special features that facility management services bring to this model. The data has been gathered from interviews of customers and service providers in the facility management service sector. The result is a model of customers’ possibilities to develop the performance of service providers from the viewpoint of value addition and relationship development and in that way ensure added value to the customer and the development of a long-term relationship. The results can be beneficial to customers when they develop the cooperation between the customer and the service provider toward being more strategic and more partnership focused.
Crystal structure of 4-(5-((2-methylbenzyl)thio)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)pyridine, C21H18N4S
Authors: Sun Guo-Xiang , Sun Zhao-Hui , Yang Ming-Yan , Wu Hong-Ke
Published: June 2016

C21H18N4S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 18.264(2) Å, b = 11.6302(14) Å, c = 8.9289(10) Å, β = 101.683(7)°, V = 1857.3(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0435, wR
ref(F2
) = 0.1122, T = 296(2) K.
Investigating the relationship between childhood maltreatment and alcohol misuse in a sample of Danish young adults: Exploring gender differences
Authors: Cronin Susan , Murphy Siobhan , Elklit Ask
Published: June 2016

Background

This study examined the relationship between alcohol misuse and different types of childhood maltreatment in a sample of young adults while controlling for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and current mental disorders. This study further examined if these associations were different for males and females.

Methods

Data were collected from a Danish national study conducted by The Danish National Centre for Social Research in 2008 and 2009. A sample of 4718 young adults (24 years of age) was randomly selected using the total birth cohort of children born in 1984. Structured interviews were conducted with a response rate of 63%, equating to a total sample size of 2980 participants.

Results

Three types of child maltreatment were assessed; emotional abuse (N =263), sexual abuse (N=59), and multiple abuse (N=64) alongside a non-abused (N=2595) control group. Findings indicated the three maltreatment groups were all related to alcohol misuse. Maltreated women in particular had a 16-to-25-fold increased risk of alcohol misuse. For males these associations were attenuated with odds ratios (OR) ranging between 3 and 5 for emotional and multiple abuse groups. PTSD symptoms were associated with alcohol misuse for both genders, whilst current mental health disorder was non-significant for both males and females.

Conclusion

A significant relationship was found between the child maltreatment and alcohol misuse. This relationship was significantly stronger for maltreated women, which identifies a gap in the literature. High associations between maltreatment and alcohol misuse in females may suggest alcohol is used as a coping strategy following childhood maltreatment.
Species composition, seasonal abundance and population structure of chaetognaths in Admiralty Bay (Antarctic)
Authors: Bielecka Luiza , Jerzak Bartłomiej , Złoch Ilona
Published: June 2016

Although chaetognaths inhabiting polar ecosystems are relatively well known, there are few reports on their functioning in the Antarctic coastal plankton community. The presented results provide the first comprehensive description of population structure of chaetognaths in the neritic zone west of the Antarctic Peninsula. The studies were performed on samples collected in Admiralty Bay, from December 1994 to June 1995. Following six chaetognath species were determined: Eukrohnia hamata, E. bathypelagica, E. fowleri, Pseudosagitta gazellae, P. maxima and Solidosagitta marri. The representatives of Eukrohnia were observed almost throughout the research period, whereas those of Pseudosagitta and Solidosagitta were found only during first four months of our investigation. Eukrohnia hamata showed a strong dominance in respect to abundance (max. 445 ind./1000 m3). The mean abundance of all taxa significantly fluctuated in the study period and across weeks. Generally, all species were represented by the first three maturity stages (I-III), individuals stage IV occurred sporadically, and mature specimens (stage V) were not recorded at all. Morphometric analysis of the most abundant species showed distinct differences in their total length and body proportions. Our findings may suggest that chaetognath populations in Admiralty Bay are migrant, dependent on the inflow of water from the Bransfield Strait, but to prove this statement further, round year study is necessary.
Developmental implications of children’s brain networks and learning
Authors: Chan John S.Y. , Wang Yifeng , Yan Jin H. , Chen Huafu
Published: June 2016

The human brain works as a synergistic system where information exchanges between functional neuronal networks. Rudimentary networks are observed in the brain during infancy. In recent years, the question of how functional networks develop and mature in children has been a hotly discussed topic. In this review, we examined the developmental characteristics of functional networks and the impacts of skill training on children’s brains. We first focused on the general rules of brain network development and on the typical and atypical development of children’s brain networks. After that, we highlighted the essentials of neural plasticity and the effects of learning on brain network development. We also discussed two important theoretical and practical concerns in brain network training. Finally, we concluded by presenting the significance of network training in typically and atypically developed brains.
Metabolic Interplay of Hepatic Enzymes – A Case Report
Authors: Ungurianu Anca , Miulescu Rucsandra Dănciulescu , Margină Denisa
Published: June 2016

Introduction: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are part of the routine blood tests and are usually used to assess liver or cardiac status. The most common disturbances are the mildly risen levels which are correlated with hepatic dysfunction and entail a wide variety of etiologies: viral, toxic, drug or are lifestyle related.

Case report: Routine blood tests revealed high AST and ALT levels in an otherwise healthy 40-years-old male. After a series of supplementary tests the cause remained undetermined, so more attention was paid to the patient’s daily routine. Recently he started an intense training program which led to extensive muscle damage causing an elevation of plasma transaminases’ levels.

Discussion: When dealing with a rise in AST and ALT levels in asymptomatic patients, physicians must carefully consider all aspects, from family and personal history, infectious diseases or toxins to medication and lifestyle, in order to avoid unnecessary tests and incorrect diagnoses or treatments.
Quinoa Beverages: Formulation, Processing and Potential Health Benefits
Authors: Kaur Intelli , Tanwar Beenu
Published: June 2016

Background and Aims: Research on innovative foods and beverages that serve well to the nutritional needs of individuals suffering from metabolic disorders like obesity, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia is an urgent need for today. This study aims to describe a method for preparing gluten free quinoa beverages and to investigate their effects on human health.

Material and methods: Quinoa beverages were prepared from raw, soaked, germinated and malted quinoa seeds. We investigated their antioxidant activity, antidiabetic and antihypertensive potential using in vitro models.

Results: Among all beverages, malted quinoa beverage (MQB) showed higher protein content (2.9 g/100ml), total phenolic content (2.9 mg Gallic Acid Equivalents (GAE)/g), antioxidant activity (92%) which was well correlated with higher antidiabetic potential (40% at 150μL) by α-glucosidase inhibition. Very low α-amylase inhibition was exhibited by all the beverages (0.4-1.5 %). ACE inhibitory activity was almost negligible for raw quinoa beverage (RQB), soaked quinoa beverage (SQB), minor for germinated quinoa beverage (GQB) (0.2% at 300μL) and higher for MQB (0.9% at 300μL). Total phenolic content was found to be well correlated with DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl), α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition activity in all beverages but poor correlation was found in case of ACE inhibition activity. Among all, GQB was highly acceptable with acceptability magnitude at par with commonly available commercial soya milk.

Conclusion: We conclude that quinoa beverages, especially MQB, have antidiabetic and antihypertensive potential, and hence, can be effectively included among diet choices for the management of diabetes and hypertension. In the future, further studies are required in order to characterize phenolic constituents in quinoa beverages responsible for the antidiabetic and antihypertensive potential.
Taste-active Components of Beers from Emmer Wheat (Triticum dicoccum) Malt
Authors: Benedetti P. , Salvi S. , Giomo A. , Van Deun R. , Boselli E. , Frega N.G.
Published: June 2016

Emmer wheat (EW, Triticum dicoccum) grows under adverse climatic and soil conditions in the hilly areas of Italy and other temperate regions. So far, EW has been used for pasta or bakery products. The malt obtained from EW was used to produce a light beer, a double malt beer, and beers with 50% (B50) and 30% (B30) EW malt combined with barley malt. These top-fermented beers showed a sweet, fruity, citrus character. The different sensory impact and chemical composition (betaglucans and flavanoids) of the beers was related to the germinative energy of EW and the different proportions of malted EW and barley malt. The light beer combines the moderate alcohol (3% vol.) with a good intake of natural antioxidants (total phenolic content, TPC, 85 mg l−1), whereas B50 showed a high TPC (109 mg l−1) and the highest beta-glucan content (27 mg l−1).
Gender and Financial Risk: The U.S. and Brazil
Authors: Barber Dennis , Saadatmand Yassaman , Kavoori Thomas
Published: June 2016

This study intends to add to the debate whether differences in risk behaviours exist between genders. These results are used to inform the conversation about the role of gender in management and leadership. The design is an investment game in which participants could gain or lose money from investing in a hypothetical risky asset. Participants were first paid $10 to complete a survey. They could then invest any or all of this $10 in a risky asset with a known probability of gaining and losing. After winnings from the first round of investments were dispersed, a second chance to invest in the same asset was offered. The findings suggest that there is no difference between genders in their willingness to invest into the risky asset. This held true for the pooled data and for the U.S. and Brazil data separately. It is often assumed that the inherent risk behaviours differs between genders and, often times, this information is used when making promotion or hiring decisions. The methodology offers a unique approach to measuring financial risk taking at an individual level. The investment game included salient rewards and subjects were in a setting where other factors could be controlled.
Consumer Behaviours Towards ECO-Cars: A Case of Mauritius
Authors: Barry Mathieu , Damar-Ladkoo Adjnu
Published: June 2016

Mankind has always relied on transportation to move from one place to the other; be it by horse carriage or modernized vehicles. With rising environmental issues such as global warming, the transport industry had to evolve so as to provide greener means of transportation and satisfy demands for eco-friendly technologies. This study has shed light on consumer behaviours towards eco-cars, known as hybrid vehicles. This research was in the context of Mauritius and respondents who already drive a vehicle were targeted so as to prevent lack of information about key questions such as habits on fuel expenses and vehicle features. The survey method used, had 100% response rate and permitted the researcher to get fruitful insights about: the extent of introduction and penetration of hybrid vehicles, the factors influencing the purchase of eco-cars, the perceived benefits of owning a hybrid vehicle and the relationship between age and hybrid vehicles’ characteristics. One revelation of this study is that hybrid vehicles do not have the expected impacts on Mauritian consumers like they have on the international markets; though the younger generation- the leaders of tomorrow- are interested with eco-friendly automobiles.
Consumer Perception of Competitiveness – Theoretical-Instrumental Approach
Authors: Duralia Oana
Published: June 2016

Behaviorist economic approach has recorded a quantum leap in a relatively short period of time, as studying the relationship between consumer behavior and companies’ strategic decisions based on market competitiveness are no longer an unknown area. However, this issue remains actual in view of the fact that during the decision process of purchase, consumers do not always behave rationally, as they are the only ones who can appreciate if the offer of the company, in terms of range, quality, price and auxiliary services meet their needs or not. In this context, this paper aims to deepen the existing interconnection between the market decisions of the enterprise and consumer behavior, as measure standard for the competitiveness of a firm on a certain market.
The Volatility of Oil Prices on Stock Exchanges in the Context of Recent Events
Authors: Popescu Maria-Floriana
Published: June 2016

Oil along with currencies and gold are the main indicators of the most important processes which take place in the world economy, quotations’ volatility being always followed by economic and social events. Quiet periods of oil prices, when quotations have a constant evolution or only suffer minor fluctuations, are very rare. Most of the time, very sharp price increases or decreases are happening over night or week. This is mostly due to the fact that the oil market is extremely speculative, being influenced by political, military, social, or meteorological events. Since the major oil price shocks of the 70s, the impact of oil price changes on the economic reality of a country or region has been widely studied by academic researchers. Moreover, the stock market plays an important role in the economic welfare and development of a country. Therefore, a vast number of studies have investigated the relationship between oil prices and stock market returns, being discovered significant effects of oil price shocks on the macroeconomic activity for both developed and emerging countries. The purpose of this study is to investigate the volatility of oil prices on stock exchanges taking into consideration the recent events that have affected the oil markets around the globe. Furthermore, based on the findings of this research, some possible scenarios will be developed, taking into account various events that might take place and their potential outcome for oil prices’ future.
Victorian Sprawl
Authors: Stewart Eric
Published: June 2016

Beginning in the 1880s, transportation innovations allowed the City of Los Angeles to expand past natural barriers and develop the vast land beyond the city's core. The cable car and the electric trolley aided the expression of a Victorian residential ideal and urban aesthetic imported into Los Angeles from “back East” and the Midwest. Streetcar suburbs, the earliest form of urban flight, emerged on what were then the outer fringes of the city, initiating perpetual sprawl. While the city's massive growth in the 1920s as well as extensive post–World War II suburbanization cannot be ignored, such development has obscured the much earlier origins of sprawl in the historiography. This paper argues that Victorian Los Angeles instituted trends aimed at low-density, outward growth, which the streetcar enabled, Progressive planners reinforced, and which bore many of the drawbacks associated with modern urban sprawl.
Droplet organelles?
Authors: Courchaine Edward M , Lu Alice , Neugebauer Karla M
Published: June 2016

Cells contain numerous, molecularly distinct cellular compartments that are not enclosed by lipid bilayers. These compartments are implicated in a wide range of cellular activities, and they have been variously described as bodies, granules, or organelles. Recent evidence suggests that a liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) process may drive their formation, possibly justifying the unifying term “droplet organelle”. A veritable deluge of recent publications points to the importance of low‐complexity proteins and RNA in determining the physical properties of phase‐separated structures. Many of the proteins linked to such structures are implicated in human diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We provide an overview of the organizational principles that characterize putative “droplet organelles” in healthy and diseased cells, connecting protein biochemistry with cell physiology.
Periodic words connected with the Fibonacci words
Authors: Barabash G.M. , Kholyavka Ya.M. , Tytar I.V.
Published: July 2016

In this paper we introduce two families of periodic words (FLP-words of type 1 and FLP-words of type 2) that are connected with the Fibonacci words and investigated their properties.
Identificación y descripción de la intimidación escolar en instituciones educativas del municipio de Popayán
Authors: Erazo Santander Óscar A.
Published: June 2016

Se identifica y describe el fenomeno de la intimidación escolar en una muestra de 1.300 estudiantes, 513 padres y 81 docentes de 5 instituciones educativas del municipio de Popayán, Colombia. Se utilizó metodología cuantitativa–descriptiva y análisis con SPSS en frecuencias relativas. Los resultados demuestran la existencia de intimidación física en el 44 % a través de golpes, patadas y quitar elementos escolares, e intimidación psicológica en el 70 % incluyendo gritar a un compañero, poner apodos, coaccionar, amenazar y excluir. En el 35.1 % los profesores consideran el problema como grave en su institución, y que es necesaria su reflexión en el 71.6 %, el 31.4 % de los padres consideran muy grave el problema.
Accesibilidad de los contenidos en un repositorio institucional: análisis, herramientas y usos del formato EPUB
Authors: De Giusti Marisa R. , Lira Ariel J. , Rodríguez Vuan Julieta Paz , Villarreal Gonzalo L.
Published: July 2016

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir alternativas incorporadas en el formato EPUB3 para promover el acceso a la producción académica y científica de las instituciones por parte de personas con discapacidades visuales. Como punto de partida se toma la figura del repositorio institucional como espacio que alberga y difunde esta producción, y cuyos objetivos incluyen darle mayor visibilidad y maximizar su impacto, manteniéndose así en la misma línea con la propuesta de este estudio. Se analizan los aportes introducidos en el formato EPUB3 con respecto a sus antecesores. En particular, se estudian las extensiones existentes que sirven para optimizar la síntesis de voz a partir de los textos (TTS, text-to-speech), la incorporación de voces adicionales y múltiples voces, y finalmente las herramientas disponibles para visualizar y reproducir documentos EPUB3 con incorporaciones TTS. En este aspecto, se hace énfasis en las aplicaciones accesibles gratuitamente desde dispositivos móviles actuales a fin de asegurar el aprovechamiento de estos aportes por cualquier potencial persona usuaria. Por último, se evalúa la viabilidad de implementar un circuito de generación de documentos EPUB3 accesibles, y se analizan posibles servicios adicionales que el repositorio institucional puede brindar a partir de estas herramientas.
Conocimientos y creencias sobre el cuidado al usuario de alcohol por estudiantes de enfermería
Authors: Mateo Crisóstomo Yadira , Armendáriz García Nora Angélica , Alonso Castillo María Teresa de Jesús , Martínez Maldonado Raúl
Published: July 2016

Introducción: El aumento progresivo del consumo de alcohol, justifica la presencia de usuarios en las unidades de atención primaria, clínicas, quirúrgicas. Debido a esto la prevención del consumo de alcohol es una prioridad para enfermería debido a sus funciones como responsable del cuidado, por tal motivo el objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar los conocimientos y creencias sobre el cuidado brindado al usuario de alcohol en los estudiantes de enfermería de nivel técnico de una escuela privada. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo correlacional de corte transversal. El tamaño de la muestra total fue de 283 estudiantes. Se utilizó el instrumento de Escala de Educación de Enfermería en Alcoholpara la evaluación de los conocimientos y creencias. Resultados y Discusión: El sexo femenino predominó con un 51.2% (x= 17,22; DE= 1,53) y la mayor proporción de estudiantes fueron de primer semestre con un (35.3%). Asimismo los estudiantes de enfermería de nivel técnico presentan un conocimiento regular y creencias positivas sobre el cuidado brindado al usuario de alcohol y se encontró una relación positiva y significativa entre los conocimientos y las creencias sobre el cuidado (rs=.408, p<.01). Conclusiones: Un conocimiento inadecuado y creencias negativas de los profesionales de enfermería hacia los usuarios que consumen alcohol pueden ser factores que interfieran en la planeación del cuidado, diagnóstico e implementación de las intervenciones de enfermería, ya que al no tener los conocimientos adecuados puede generar en el estudiante una falta de seguridad y confianza en el abordaje del cuidado al usuario de alcohol.

Cómo citar este artículo: Crisóstomo YM, Armendáriz NA, Alonso MT, Martínez R. Conocimientos y creencias sobre el cuidado al usuario de alcohol por estudiantes de enfermería. Rev Cuid. 2016; 7(2): 1255-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v7i2.314  
Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en funcionarios de una institución gubernamental en Tunja, Colombia
Authors: López Sáenz Lina María , Pérez Hernández Angélica Johana , Sisa Álvarez María Esperanza , Téllez López Laura Norbetzy
Published: July 2016

Introducción: El nivel de actividad física, tabaquismo y alcoholismo, son factores de riesgo cardiovascular que modifican la salud y calidad de vida de las personas. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el nivel de actividad física, consumo de alcohol y tabaquismo que se presenta en funcionarios públicos de una institución gubernamental en Tunja, Colombia. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en una muestra de 71 funcionarios, a quienes se les aplicó tres test de auto diligenciamiento para determinar su actividad física, habito de fumar y consumo de alcohol. Resultados: El nivel de actividad física más predominante fue el moderado (40.85%); además un 43.6% de la muestra resulto permanece más de 6 horas sentada. Respecto al tabaquismo, se encontró que el 22.54% fuman, obteniendo en las 3 categorías en su mayoría dependencia leve; el consumo de alcohol se presentó en un 73,24%, donde el 78,85%, son bebedores sociales y el 7,69% tienen consumo de riesgo. Discusión: La importante inactividad física encontrada en los funcionarios, se reflejó en su índice de masa corporal, además de conductas de riesgo como consumo de alcohol y hábito de fumar que en un futuro pueden afectar su salud, identificándose que se debe realizar mayores estudios epidemiológicos que profundicen en el tema. Conclusiones: La muestra estudiada presentó un moderado nivel de actividad física junto con alta prevalencia de otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular; por lo cual se recomendaría la implementación de pausas activas como medida para estimular el ejercicio físico.

Cómo citar este artículo: López LM, Pérez AJ, Sisa ME, Téllez LN. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en funcionarios de una institución gubernamental en Tunja, Colombia. Rev Cuid. 2016; 7(2): 1279-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v7i2.324 
Percepción de las enfermeras sobre la aplicación del código deontológico de enfermería en Colombia
Authors: Parra Dora Inés , Rey de Cruz Nelly , Amaya Díaz Helda Cecilia , Cárdenas María Vivina , Arboleda de Pérez Ligia Betty , Corredor Jurado Yaneth , Vargas Gómez Claudia Patricia
Published: July 2016

Introducción: En Colombia, las enfermeras cuentan con el código deontológico, creado por la Ley 911 del 2004, el cual define las disposiciones legales sobre ética para el ejercicio de la enfermería y conceptualiza el acto de cuidado. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal, en enfermeras de instituciones públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Bucaramanga y su área metropolitana. Se diseñó un instrumento de 19 ítems. Se realizó análisis descriptivo. Resultados: 251 enfermeras fueron analizadas, mediana de edad 31 años; 87.6% mujeres; 27.0% tenían formación de posgrado; experiencia laboral mediana de 6 años. La mayoría refirieron que siempre aplicaban lo establecido en los Capítulos I y II, pero, no ocurrió así para el caso del ítem: “Cuando existen normas institucionales que limitan el acceso a los servicios de salud usted aboga por los pacientes”. En relación al Capítulo II del Título II, los aspectos de infraestructura, procedimientos técnicos administrativos, objeción de conciencia y la distribución del cuidado de acuerdo a la complejidad del paciente, se cumple a veces. Discusión: Los hallazgos de este estudio son similares con otros estudios, especialmente lo relacionado con los principios éticos definidos en el título I. Conclusiones: Los resultados, revelan que las enfermeras perciben que un porcentaje significativo de lo dispuesto en estos títulos se cumple a veces, lo cual sugiere un mayor análisis de estos aspectos.

Cómo citar este artículo: Parra DI, Rey N, Amaya HC, Cárdenas MV, Arboleda LB, Corredor Y, et al. Percepción de las enfermeras sobre la aplicación del código deontológico de enfermería en Colombia. Rev Cuid. 2016; 7(2): 1310-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v7i2.335 
Criterios diagnósticos y efectividad de intervenciones para el manejo de diabetes gestacional
Authors: Trujillo Janet
Published: July 2016

Diabetes mellitus gestacional es definida como intolerancia a los carbohidratos con distintos grados de severidad y detectada por primera vez en el embarazo. Es un problema importante de salud pública por su alta prevalencia que va en aumento y también, por la morbilidad materna y morbimortalidad fetal. Sin embargo, existen todavía controversias en su forma de tamizaje y criterio diagnóstico usados.

En esta editorial, se pretende abordar los diferentes tamizajes y criterios diagnósticos, junto con la efectividad en el manejo de mujeres diagnosticadas con diabetes mellitus gestacional.

Cómo citar este artículo: Trujillo J. Criterios diagnósticos y efectividad de intervenciones para el manejo de diabetes gestacional. Rev Cuid. 2016; 7(2): 1251-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v7i2.344
"Judge a Man's Wealth by the Number of Songs He Knows"
Authors: Kenny Carolyn
Published: July 2016

In my article, I present images relevant to the relationships between land, culture, music, health and healing, and Indigenous societies.  I offer examples of how music works effectively to create positive social change.  I also present some theoretical ideas to support the significance of music in our indivitual and collective lives.
Simulation of seismic response of passively stabilised sand
Authors: Andrianopoulos Konstantinos I. , Agapoulaki Georgia I. , Papadimitriou Achilleas G.
Published: June 2016

Passive (site) stabilisation is a novel technique for mitigating the risk of seismic liquefaction in the non-cohesive foundation soil of existing structures. It comprises the low-pressure injection (in the soil pores) of colloidal silica grout, a very low-viscosity material that transforms into a firm gel after a well-controlled time. This gelation improves macroscopically the mechanical response of the soil skeleton–pore fluid system. Owing to the lack of a dedicated constitutive model, this paper explores the potential of using existing constitutive models for sands for simulating the cyclic response of sands (passively) stabilised with colloidal silica. Hence, a well-established plasticity model for sands (named NTUA-Sand) is used for the simulation of pertinent element tests and of a dynamic centrifuge test modelling the seismic response of a stabilised sand layer. It is used in coupled analyses either after recalibration for simulating the stabilised sand response or in combination with a reduced pore fluid modulus. The latter numerical approach simulates the seemingly compressible colloidal silica in the soil pores, instead of incompressible water, and successful comparisons of its phenomenological simulations with test data underline its potential for use in practice.
MEJORA DE LAS ACTITUDES HACIA LAS PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD EN EL ALUMNADO DE EDUCACIÓN SECUNDARIA OBLIGATORIA
Authors: LÓPEZ ALACID MARÍA PAZ
Published: July 2016

El presente trabajo es una experiencia práctica llevada a cabo en el segundo nivel del primer ciclo de ESO en un Instituto de Educación Secundaria de la provincia de Alicante.Lo hemos realizado durante la segunda evaluación, tras observar en el aula la presencia de ciertos niveles de conductas inadecuadas en el período de octubre a diciembre (primera evaluación).Nosotros queremos destacar en nuestro trabajo la importancia de identificar por parte del profesor de aula y del grupo de alumnos que forman parte de la muetra de la investigación la presencia de conductas discriminatorias hacia la atención a la diversidad como parte fundamental de nuestro estudio.Este estudio fue llevado a cabo con un total de 48 alumnos de segundo de ESO, más concretamente, en un grupo de Diversificación Curricular (con todo tipo de dificultades de aprendizaje) y un grupo ordinario en el que existía un alumno con síndrome de Asperger.Con el compromiso de padres, profesores y alumnos decidimos implantar un programa de mejora de las actitudes del alumnado hacia las personas con discapacidad que consistía en la realización de manera cooperativade un de un cuento. Esta intervención estaba dividida en seis sesiones en las que los alumnos debían contestar de manera grupal a una serie de cuestiones relacionadas con las personas con discapacidad. Antes de la intervención pasamos una escala de actitud y otra de valoración de términos asociados con la discapacidad para evaluar los efectos del programa.El resultado de esta investigación ha sido muy satisfactoria porque los alumnos se involucraron y motivaron con esta experiencia, modificaron sus conductas y mejoraron en un corto perido de tiempo, mejorando con ello también la cohesión de ambos grupos de segundo de educación secundaria obligatoria en la segunda evaluación.
Calidad de vida de los discapacitados intelectuales valorada por ellos mismos y los profesionales: variables implicadas
Authors: Gil Llario María Dolores , Morell Mengual Vicente , Díaz Rodríguez Irene , Giménez García Cristina , Ruiz Palomino Estefanía
Published: July 2016

Mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con Discapacidad Intelectual es un objetivo prioritario desde la implantación de la Ley de Promoción de la Autonomía Personal y Atención a las personas en situación de dependencia. Los profesionales y los propios usuarios no siempre coinciden en la valoración que tienen acerca de las diferentes dimensiones de que consta el constructo. Es posible que las discrepancias se deban a variables no especialmente atendidas por la investigación como el modo en que viven (vivienda tutelada, residencia o unidad familiar), o el grado de discapacidad que muestran. El objetivo de este estudio ha consistido en analizar las posibles discrepancias existentes entre las valoraciones de unos y otros informantes atendiendo a estas particularidades. Para ello se aplicó la escala INICO-FEAPS a 360 adultos con discapacidad intelectual y a 103 profesionales que trabajan con ellos. Los resultados muestran concordancia en 5 de las dimensiones que evalúa la escala, entre las que destacan derechos, bienestar físico y material; y amplias discrepancias en autodeterminación y bienestar emocional. Se interpretan los resultados a la luz del tipo de necesidades a que responden las diferentes dimensiones de la calidad de vida.Palabras clave: calidad de vida, discapacitados intelectuales, adultos, grado de discapacidad, modo de vida
HEALTHY BENEFICTS OF TM IN CLASSROOM: REDUCTION OF ANXIETY AMONG TEACHERS
Authors: Scordo Irene
Published: July 2016

Questa ricerca mira alla valutazione degli effetti benefici della Meditazione Trascendentale sull’ansia dei docenti. Indipendenti ricerche scientifiche di tutto il mondo hanno povato che la categoria degli insegnanti, fra le cosiddette helping professions, è quella maggiormente sottoposta a stress. Dobbiamo avere a cuore, e curare, i nostri spazi educativi, i promotori e i beneficiari dell’educazione, andando direttamente al nocciolo del problema, dando un supporto scientifico per aiutare gli insegnanti nel loro difficile lavoro.L’idea nasce dal sempre maggiore interesse internazionale, negli ultimi anni, verso la MT e la valutazione dei risultati ottenuti nelle scuole di tutto il mondo in cui essa viene praticata: riduzione di stress, ansia, depressione, abuso di sostanze, miglioramento nella formazione della personalità, del comportamento, dell’intelligenza ed altro.Questa ricerca esamina un campione di docenti di Scuola Secondaria di Primo Grado, in Sicilia, che pratica la MT, anche in classe insieme agli alunni, e valuta i fattori dell’ansia di stato e di tratto, paragonato con un gruppo di stesse catatteristiche (ubicazione geografica, età, sesso, ecc...) non praticante la MT.L’analisi dei dati mostra l’utilità di tale pratica di contro allo stereotipo dell’ “insegnante fannullone” e perchè gli effetti positivi della MT sui fattori di stress possono essere un grande aiuto al nostro sistema scolastico sofferente.
Imaginários coloniais: propaganda, militância e “resistência” no cinema
Authors: Piçarra Maria do Carmo , Cabecinhas Rosa , Castro Teresa
Published: July 2016

O aniversário dos quarenta anos das independências africanas é o pretexto para analisar como é que o colonialismo português...