bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Model of Pancreatic Cancer Cell Dynamics Considering the Set of Sequential Mutations and Interaction With the Immune System
Authors: Bratus Alexander Sergeevich , Leslie Nicholas R. , Chamo Michail Ruslanovich , Grebennikov Dmitry Sergeevich , Savinkov Rostislav Sergeevich , Bocharov Gennady Alexeevich , Yurchenko Daniil Vadimovich
Published: September 2022

Pancreatic cancer represents one of the difficult problems of contemporary medicine. The development illness evolves very slowly, takes place in special sake (stroma) and manifests clinically close to a final stage. Another feature of this pathology is a coexistence (symbiotic) effect between cancer cells and normal cells inside stroma. All these aspects make it difficult to understand the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer and develop a proper therapy. The emergence of pancreatic pre-cancer and cancer cells represents a branching stochastic process engaging populations of 64 cells differing in the number of acquired mutations. In this study we formulate and calibrate the mathematical model of pancreatic cancer using the quasispecies framework. The mathematical model incorporates the mutation matrix, fineness landscape matrix and the death rates. Each element of the mutation matrix presents the probability of appearing a specific mutation in the branching sequence of cells representing the accumulation of mutations. The model incorporates the cancer cell elimination by effect CD8 T cells (CTL). The down-regulation of the effector function of CTLs and exhaustion are parameterized. The symbiotic effect of coexistence of normal and cancer cells is considered. The computational predictions obtained with the model are consistent with empirical data. The modelling approach can be used to investigate other types of cancers and examine various treatment procedures.
Characterization of Polyphenolic Compounds from Bacopa Procumbens and Their Effects on Wound Healing Process
Authors: Martinez-Cuazitl Adriana , Gómez-García María del Consuelo , Hidalgo-Alegria Oriana , Medel-Flores Olivia , Núñez-Gastélum José Alberto , Martínez Eduardo San Martín , Ríos-Cortés Ada María , Garcia-Solis Mario , Pérez-Ishiwara David Guillermo
Published: September 2022

Wounds represents a medical problem that contribute importantly to patient morbidity and to the healthcare costs in several pathologies. In Hidalgo, Mexico, Bacopa procumbens plant has been traditionally used for wound healing care for several generations; in vitro and in vivo experiments were design to evaluate the effects of bioactive compounds obtained from B. procumbens aquoethanolic extract and to determine the key pathways involved in wound regeneration. Bioactive compounds were characterized by HPLC- QTOF-MS and proliferation, migration, adhesion, and differentiation studies were done on NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. Polyphenolic compounds from Bacopa procumbens (PB) regulated proliferation and cell adhesion; enhanced migration reducing the artificial scratch area; and modulated cell differentiation. PB compounds were included in a hydrogel for topical administration on rat excision wound model. Histological, histochemical and mechanical analysis showed that PB treatment accelerates wound closure in at least 48 h; reduce inflammation, increasing cell proliferation and deposition and organization of collagen in earlier times. These changes resulted in the formation of a scar with better tensile properties. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR molecular analyses demonstrated that treatment induces: i) overexpression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β); and ii) the phosphorylation of Smad 2/3 and ERK1/2, suggesting the central role of some PB to enhance wound healing, modulating TGF-β activation.
Machine Learning for Intelligent Data Analysis and Automation in Cybersecurity: Current and Future Prospects
Authors: Sarker Iqbal H.
Published: September 2022

Due to the digitization and Internet of Things revolutions, the present electronic world has a wealth of cybersecurity data. Efficiently resolving cyber anomalies and attacks is becoming a growing concern in today's cyber security industry all over the world. Traditional security solutions are insufficient to address contemporary security issues due to the rapid proliferation of many sorts of cyber-attacks and threats. Utilizing artificial intelligence knowledge, especially machine learning technology, is essential to providing a dynamically enhanced, automated, and up-to-date security system through analyzing security data. In this paper, we provide an extensive view of machine learning algorithms, emphasizing how they can be employed for intelligent data analysis and automation in cybersecurity through their potential to extract valuable insights from cyber data. We also explore a number of potential real-world use cases where data-driven intelligence, automation, and decision-making enable next-generation cyber protection that is more proactive than traditional approaches. The future prospects of machine learning in cybersecurity are eventually emphasized based on our study, along with relevant research directions. Overall, our goal is to explore not only the current state of machine learning and relevant methodologies but also their applicability for future cybersecurity breakthroughs.
Working from Home, Telework, and Psychological Wellbeing? A Systematic Review
Authors: Crawford Joseph
Published: September 2022

The practice of telework, remote work, and working from home has grown significantly across the pandemic era (2020+). These practices offer new ways of working but come with a lack of clarity as to the role it plays in supporting the wellbeing of staff. (1) Background: the purpose of this study is to examine the current literature on wellbeing outcomes and effects of telework; (2) Methods: this study adopts a systematic literature review from 2000-2022 using the PRISMA approach and thematic analysis guided by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (Wellbeing, Decent Work, Gender Equality, and Inclusive Production); (3) Results: it was evident that there is a lack of clarity on the actual effects of telework on employee wellbeing, but it appeared that it had a generally positive effect on short-term wellbeing of staff, and created more flexible and proactive work design opportunities; (4) Conclusions: there is a need for more targeted research into work designs that support wellbeing and productivity of staff, and consider the environmental sustainability changes from reduced office and onsite work and increased working from home.
Influence of Rolfing Structural Integration on Active Range of Motion. A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Authors: Brandl Andreas , Bartsch Katja , James Helen , Miller Marilyn E. , Schleip Robert
Published: September 2022

Background: Recent work has investigated significant force transmission between the compo-nents of myofascial chains. Misalignments in the body due to fascial thickening and shortening can therefore lead to complex compensatory patterns. For the treatment of such nonlinear cause-effect pathology, a comprehensive neuro-musculoskeletal therapy such as the Rolf Meth-od of Structural Integration (SI) could be targeted. Methods: A total of 727 subjects were retro-spectively screened from the medical records of an SI practice over a 23-year period. 383 subjects who had completed 10 basic SI sessions met eligibility criteria and were assessed for active range of motion (AROM) of the shoulder and hip before and after SI treatment. Results: Shoulder flex-ion, external and internal rotation, and hip flexion improved significantly (all p < 0.0001) after 10 SI sessions. Left shoulder flexion and external rotation of both shoulders increased more in men than in women (p < 0.0001), but were not affected by age. Conclusions: SI intervention produces multiple changes in the components of myofascial chains that could help maintain upright pos-ture in humans and reduce inadequate compensatory patterns. SI affects differently the outcome of some AROM parameters in women and men.
DFSGraph: Data Flow Semantic Model for Intermediate Representation Programs Based on Graph Network
Authors: Tang Ke , Shan Zheng , Zhang Chunyan , Xu Lianqiu , Qiao Meng , Liu Fudong
Published: September 2022

Obfuscation techniques have become complex and diverse, and while they play a crucial role in software copyright protection, they also help produce numerous malware variants that evade antivirus software. Automatic detection of malware is inseparable from binary code similarity detection technology. However, the existing code detection methods are difficult to cope with the increasingly complex obfuscation techniques. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method combining data flow relationships and neural network to analyze obfuscated code for the first time. In our approach, we first construct the data transformation graph based on LLVM IR. Then, we design a novel intermediate language representation model based on graph neural network, named DFSGraph, to learn the data flow semantic from DTG. Through extensive experiments on obfuscated dataset, it is proved that our method can extract the semantic information of obfuscated code well. And it can achieve surprising results in binary code similarity detection task and obfuscation technique classification task. Our method provides an idea for further research on deobfuscation techniques.
A Case Report: Acute Myocardial Infarction, Coronal Arteritis and Myocarditis after BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination against Covid-19
Authors: Mörz Michael
Published: September 2022

This is a case study of a 55-year-old patient who died four months after receiving the mRNA-vaccine BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) against COVID-19 as a second dose, following an initial vaccination with the ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vector vaccine (AstraZeneca) two months earlier. The autopsy diagnosis revealed general atherosclerosis. The histopathologic analyses of cardiac tissue demonstrated the presence of a thrombus occluding the right coronary artery (RCA) without evidence of plaque rupture. As a substitute trigger of clotting, the RCA presented with characteristics of acute lymphocytic vasculitis that extended to vasa vasorum in the adventitia and vessels in adjacent adipose tissue. Microthrombi were occasionally detected in these small vessels. It was obvious that lymphocytic myocarditis had been a chronic ongoing process temporally distinct from acute myocardial infarction. The myocardium contained patchworks of fibrotic areas alongside foci of displaying acute inflammation and fresh myocyte damage. SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, but not nucleocapsid protein was sporadically detected in vessel walls by immunohistochemical assay. The cause of death was determined to be acute myocardial infarction and lymphocytic myocarditis. These findings indicate that myocarditis, as well as thrombo-embolic events following injection of spike-inducing gene-based vaccines, are causally associated with a injurious immunological response to the encoded agent. Because of the fact that the immune response to a first gene-based vaccination is very low in comparison with the immune response to the second vaccination, the found adverse events has rather to be attributed to the mRNA-based second vaccination as to the initial vector-based one.
Noncoplanar magnetic orders and gapless chiral spin liquid on the kagome lattice with staggered scalar spin chirality
Authors: Oliviero Fabrizio , Sobral da Silva João Augusto , Andrade Eric , Pereira Rodrigo
Published: September 2022

Chiral three-spin interactions can suppress long-range magnetic order
and stabilize quantum spin liquid states in frustrated lattices. We
study a spin-1/2 model on the kagome lattice involving a staggered
three-spin interaction J_\chiJχ
in addition to
Heisenberg exchange couplings J_1J1
on nearest-neighbor bonds and J_dJd
across the diagonals of the hexagons. We explore the phase diagram using
a combination of a classical approach, parton mean-field theory, and
variational Monte Carlo methods. We obtain a variety of noncoplanar
magnetic orders, including a phase that interpolates between cuboc-1 and
cuboc-2 states. In the regime of dominant J_{\chi}Jχ,
we find a classically disordered region and argue that it may harbor a
gapless chiral spin liquid with a spinon Fermi surface. Our results show
that the competition between the staggered three-spin interaction and
Heisenberg exchange interactions gives rise to unusual ground states of
spin systems.
EVALUATION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF HRCT IN THE DIAGNOSTIC AND MANAGEMENT OF COVID-19
Authors:   Department of Radiology & Imaging, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Hossain Talukdar Arif , Ahmmed Shahid ,   Department of Radiology & Imaging, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Rahman Mustafizur ,   Department of Radiology & Imaging, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Parvin T. ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering & Medical Physics, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Ahmed Jalali Mustaque ,   National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Muraduzzaman SM ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering & Medical Physics, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Published: September 2022

In todays global health pandemic, high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of chest became an important tool for early diagnosis, evaluation of disease progression and prompt management of COVID-19 patient. HRCT of Chest is also an important complement to the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests. The aim of this study was to assess different patterns of appearance in HRCT chest in COVID-19 infection & to grade the severity by observing a sample of 50 after the symptoms began. In this study, 50 patients had been selected from a private hospital of Dhaka, Bangladesh who came for HRCT chest to diagnose COVID- 19. The data were collected from 11 April 2020 to 27 May 2020. Distribution and patterns of pulmonary lesions like ground glass opacity (GGO), consolidation, reverse halo sign, crazy paving, thickened vascular marking, lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion were evaluated. It was also assessed the involvement of lung lobe, percentage of lung involvement and total severity score. Among 50 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, most of patients had fever (64%) and dry cough (50%). 30% patients had come with shortness of breath. There were 28 (56%) males and 22 (44%) females aged 20 to 85 years. The highest number of patients were in the age range 40 to 49 years. The CT abnormality of ground glass opacity (GGO) was shown in all 50(100%) cases. Moreover 22(44%) cases had GGO plus consolidation. Crazy-paving pattern was in 16(32%) cases. In case of lobe involvement, most patients, 43 (86%) had involvement of all the 5 lobes and right lobe involvement were the most. The lesions were mostly peripheral (17, 34%) and in 5(10%) cases the distribution were diffuse but predominantly peripheral. Total severity score was categorized into 5 groups (0, 1-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20). Most of the patients (19, 38%) were in total severity score ranging from 16-20. In case of total percentage of lung involvement maximum patients (32, 64%) were in the range of 1- 25% and maximum lung involvement (76-100%) was seen in only 1 case. HRCT of chest may be useful for the rapid diagnosis of COVID-19 to optimize the management of patients. However, CT has still limitation for identifying specific viruses and distinguishing between viruses.
APPLICATION OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN COLLEGE LIBRARY
Authors:   Librarian, Bagnan College, Bagnan, Howrah, West Bengal-711303., Pramanik Abhijit
Published: September 2022

Knowledge Management (KM) is an emerging field, much tooted or hyped since late 1990s. However, due to the complicated nature of knowledge per se and its consequent management, it is open difficult to estimate or demonstrate the value of knowledge management. College libraries, with limited budget and human resources, may hesitate to follow the business sector and plunge into the uncharted sea of knowledge management. This paper suggests a pragmatic approach to the implementation of knowledge Management for college libraries: utilizing the existing staffing, technology and management structure.
EOSINOPHILIC COLITIS: A RARE CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Science, Salaam University, Mogadishu, Somalia., Mead Ahmed , Mohamud Mohamed Zakarie ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Kalkaal Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia., Adam Sheikh Omar ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Kalkaal Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia.,   Faculty of Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Science, Somali National University, Mogadishu, Somalia., Alem Yordanos ,   Faculty of Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Science, Somali National University, Mogadishu, Somalia.,   College of Health Science, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Tibebu Gorfu Zebeaman ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Adera Medical Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Published: September 2022

Primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease (EGID) is a rare inflammatory gastrointestinal disorder characterized by eosinophil infiltration in the gut. EGIDs are sub-grouped as eosinophilic esophagitis (EE), eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG), and eosinophilic colitis (EC). The least frequent manifestation of EGIDs is EC which affects newborns and young adults. An 18-year-old male patient was admitted complaining of recurrent epigastric and lower abdominal pain, abdominal distension, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and weight loss for a long time. Laboratory investigations performed showed a white blood cell (WBC) count of 14.5 109/L, with 62.1% neutrophils, 22.4% lymphocytes, 13.2% monocytes, 28.2% eosinophils, 0.1% basophils, and hemoglobin (HGB) level of 6.3 g/dL. Stool examination was positive in the helicobacter pylori test and occult blood. Colonoscopic biopsy showed active colitis with eosinophilia. We recommended corticosteroid treatment to the patient. With prednisolone treatment of 20 mg 2 times per day, the clinical features resolved.
ROLE OF MPV IN COMPLICATION OF DIABETES MELLITUS 2
Authors:   Department of Gen. Medicine N.S.C.B. Medical College & Hospital, Jabalpur (M.P.)., Nagiya Shivendra , Singh Reena ,   Department of Gen. Medicine N.S.C.B. Medical College & Hospital, Jabalpur (M.P.)., Sharma Anshul ,   Department of Gen. Medicine N.S.C.B. Medical College & Hospital, Jabalpur (M.P.).
Published: September 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem with increased risk of vascular disease. Platelets may contribute to the development of vascular complications in subjects with diabetes. Larger platelets are more reactive than smaller ones therefore, mean platelet volume (MPV) can be used as a marker for platelet activity. Aim and Objectives: To determine the role of MPV in severity and complications of DM2 as compared to non diabetic patients and to determine the effect of glycemic control and duration of diabetes on platelet parameters. This is a cross-sectional prospective study to evaluate MPV in patients with diabetes mellitus 2 versus non-diabetic patients and to investigate the potential association between MPV and chronic diabetic complications. Our study revealed that MPV is increased in Diabetes mellitus (DM) and that platelets become more reactive and aggregable. The increased platelet size may be a risk factor for atherosclerosis associated with DM and its vascular complications. MPV was found to be higher in subjects with Type-2 diabetes and significantly increased in diabetics with poor glycemic control and In patient with complications. having a longer duration of diabetes. MPV can be used as a prognostic marker of vascular complications in patients with DM.
AN ADULT FEMALE PRESENTING WITH ON/OFF RIGHT FLANK PAIN FOR 3 YEARS, INCIDENTALLY, DIAGNOSED WITH PRIMARY RENAL LYMPHOMA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Al Mulhim Abdulaziz , Al Dahoos Mohammed , Al Mulhim Abdulrahman , Ali Aldehneen Hassan , Sammour Mohammed , Tahar Yacoubi Mohamed
Published: September 2022

Primary renal lymphoma (PRL) is a rare subtype of non- Hodgkins lymphoma which represents less than 1% of all renal masses. clinical presentation of PRL is usually non-specific which makes it of a clinical significance. Accurate and early identification of PRL and treatment are imperative to achieve improved outcomes. In this paper, we present a case of a primary renal lymphoma and discusspathophysiology, clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, management, and prognosis.
ESTIMATION OF SERUM ZINC LEVEL IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
Authors:   Post Graduate Trainee, Department of General Medicine, Assam Medical College and Hospital., U. Harikishor , Kumar Dhanowar Rajesh ,   Associate Professor, Department of General Medicine, Assam Medical College and Hospital., Pegu A.K. ,   Professor, Department of General Medicine, Assam Medical College and Hospital., Das Krishnangshu ,   Post Graduate Trainee, Department of General Medicine, Assam Medical College and Hospital.
Published: September 2022

Background: There is an important role of zinc in the synthesis, storage and secretion of insulin and thus an important role in energy production. Zinc has antioxidant effect and is also component of many antioxidants. It inhibits formation of free radicals and damage by lipid peroxidation. Whereas oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of diabetic complications. Objective: Thus this study is designed to estimate serum zinc level and its correlation with HbA1c in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from north eastern population. Materials And Methods: In this hospital based observational study done in department of General Medicine , Assam Medical College and Hospital 82 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were selected and detailed history, physical examination and blood investigation including serum zinc estimation of all the subjects was done and the results were analysed. Results of zinc study: The mean serum zinc level of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with HbA1C level <8% was 59.82+/-13.12 microgram/dl , those with HbA1C level of 8-10% were having mean serum zinc level of 48.19+/-17.98 microgram/dl and those with HbA1C level >10% were having mean serum zinc level of 39.38+/-14.95 microgram/dl . There was a statistically significant negative correlation ( r - value = -0.38 and p value = 0.0004) observed between HbA1C level and serum zinc levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional observational study done in the North-East population of India, we found that there was a reduction of serum zinc level in newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and there was also a statistically significant negative correlation between HbA1C and serum zinc level in newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Therefore, earlier detection of zinc deficiency in newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients helps in controlling glycemic status and also helps in preventing complications.
ROLE OF DYNAMIC COMPRESSION PLATE (DCP) IN FEMORAL SHAFT FRACTURES
Authors:   Assistant Professor Department of Orthopaedics Viswabharathi Medical College Kurnool - 518463, Andhra Pradesh., Naga Ravi Prasad K.
Published: September 2022

Although intramedullary fixation has standardized the management of femoral shaft fractures, Dynamic compression plating is a useful technique and has a definite role for specific indications where intramedullary nailing may be contra-indicated or technically not feasible. Our aim is to assess and study the Femoral shaft fractures presented to orthopaedic department at Viswabharathi Medical College & General Hospital, Kurnool from November 2016 to November 2019 and to evaluate the final outcome of patients treated with Dynamic compression plate. The procedure is safe with minimal morbidity, relatively few complications and helpful in early recovery after surgery.
ANTIOXIDANTS AND ANTI-INFLAMMATION POTENTIALOF AMARANTHUS VIRIDIS LINN AGAINST 3-NP-INDUCED HUNTINGTONS DISEASE IN RATS
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Sri Adichunchinagiri College of Pharmacy, B.G.Nagar-541418, Mandya Distict, Karnataka, India., RC Pooja
Published: September 2022

Huntingtons disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease. Accordingly, 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) has been found to effectively produce HD-like symptoms. Amaranthus viridis Linn (HAEAV), popularly known in Chauraiya in Hindi, may act as a neuroprotective agent in vitro andin vivo. We evaluated the hypothesis that the hydro-ethanolic extract of Amaranthus viridis Linn could prevent behavioral and oxidative alterations induced by 3-NP in rats. 30 albino Wistar female rats were divided into 5 groups: (1) control, (2) HAEAV(400Ã¢Â€Â‰mg/kg), (3) 3-NP, (4) HAEAV(200Ã¢Â€Â‰mg/kg) + 3-NP, and (5) HAEAV(400Ã¢Â€Â‰mg/kg) + 3-NP.Animals in groups 3, 4, and 5 received 15Ã¢Â€Â‰mg/kg 3-NP daily from days 8Ã¢Â€Â“14. At day 14, parameters of locomotor activity and biochemical evaluations were performed. Indeed, rats treated with 3-NP showed decreased locomotor activity compared to controls. Additionally, 3-NP increased levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation and decreased ratio of CAT, TT, and GSHactivityinbrain tissues. Our results suggest that rats pretreated with HAEAVprior to 3-NP treatment showed neuroprotective effects when compared to 3-NP treated controls, which may be due to its antioxidant properties.
ADVANCED DIAGNOSTIC AIDS IN ORAL PATHOLOGY
Authors:   MDS 3 rd Year Student., Bora Panchali , Singh Sanjeet ,   Professor and Head of the Department., Sharma Kanika ,   Professor., Singh Nishant ,   Professor., Singh Paramjit ,   Professor.
Published: September 2022

Oral cancers are one of the most common cancers worldwide today. They are usually neglected by the common population when compared to systemic cancers such as the lung cancer, colon cancer etc. However, they also may be extremely fatal if left untreated even at a very initial stage of the lesion. Early detection and treatment gives the best chance for its cure. The five-year survival rate of oral cancer still remains low and delayed diagnosis is suggested to be one of the major reasons. The detection and diagnosis are currently based on clinical examination, histopathological evaluation of the biopsy material and molecular methods. Several diagnostic aids have been developed over the years for early detection of oral cancer. The purpose of this article is to review the advanced available diagnostic adjuncts for the detection of oral cancer.
FRATERNITE MATIN, DU PAPIER AU NUMERIQUE : ENJEUX ET PROCESSUS FACE A LA PROBLEMATIQUE DE LAUTONOMIE FINANCIERE
Authors:   Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny (RCI)., Ibitowa Philippe , Karimu Waliyu ,   Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny (RCI).
Published: September 2022

For more than two decades, the press has been changing around the world. A new stage has opened in which the evolution of content will continue and amplify under the spur of competition from news sites. The different forms of printed press are profoundly transformed by digitization. The activity of journalists, marketing, manufacturing, evolve simultaneously, partly in interrelationship (Charon, 2010). Thus, the advent of the Internet and the conveniences (spontaneity, interactivity, free, flexibility, continuous information, hypertextuality, etc.) that it offers are increasingly push readers of the traditional press, who have become eclectic, to the web. This wind of change, precocious in North America, is gradually spreading to the whole world. CÃ´te dIvoire is not on the sidelines of this phenomenon and there is a growing trend in the creation of digital media, with the transformation or duplication of the printed press into a virtual format. Among the pioneers of this migration is Fraternite Matin, the first Ivorian general news daily in independent CÃ´te dIvoire, which since 2004 has had a digital version under the name of fratmat.info. The internal and external causes of this transition to digital, its process and its main challenges are at the heart of the problem of this study. Interviews with the editor of fratmat.info, a focus group with journalists and direct observation, under the primacy of theory of change in organizations, made it possible to collect the main data necessary to address our concerns. It emerges that, nearly twenty years later, the transition from paper to digital still leaves unresolved the nagging question of the financial autonomy of the Ivorian media.
The Factors Contributing to the Social Inequality among the Community of Ranto Panyang Timur, West Aceh
Authors: Maifizar Arfriani , Sopar Sopar , Erizar Erizar , Fenecia Fenecia , Waeno Mahamadaree
Published: September 2022

Social processes that result in social migration often result in various social problems, such as disintegration between local residents and immigrants, which in the end leads to social inequality between local residents and immigrants. With the context of the research in the village of Ranto Panyang Timur Aceh Barat District, and applying descriptive qualitative this study indicated that the process of social inequality in the coastal fishermen community at Ranto Panyang Timur Village proceed since they came to that village, and the forms of the inequality are the neglect and discrimination in the context of social treatment and service from Keuchik (the head of the village) and his official staff. The factors that affect the social inequality between the indigenous residents and the fisherman who were relocated at Ranto Panyang Timur Village, West Aceh Regency were the least committed Keuchik’s, unresponsive village officials, and unfair treatment by the village officials in terms of services, and provide aid to the people who were relocated at Ranto Panyang Timur Village.
Shortage of doctors in remote and sparsely populated areas: Ways to improve the situation
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Dobretsova Elena , Arshukova Irina ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Dugina Tatiana ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Akulin Igor ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: September 2022

A shortage of physicians and a rural-urban imbalance in the distribution of health professionals are widespread problems nowadays. Medical graduates are considered as a next generation of doctors, but many of them do not choose medical career after graduation, particularly in the regions with low population density and severe climate. This study was conducted to find possible options to prevent further shortage of primary care physicians in remote areas based on the medical graduates’ opinions, and search the factors that influence their decision to work in practical medicine positively. A cross-sectional study provided full coverage of 720 final year medical students using an anonymous questionnaire in Krasnoyarsk, Russia. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 22 by the following methods: descriptive statistics, decision trees analysis, and χ2-test. Most of the graduates reported their intension to work in practical medicine after graduation.Less than half of the participants considered an opportunity to work in rural hospitals. The main motivating factors to work there were increase in salary, better working conditions and hospital equipment, and free housing. Students who more inclined to work in rural hospitals mostly came from rural areas, live in dormitory or rental housing, and have an employer-sponsored type of education. An appropriate comprehensive admission process to medical schools, including personality tests and adequate government support for medical university applicants, as well as offers of special conditions of work for young specialists in rural hospitals, could be significant steps to improve the shortage of doctors in remote areas.
Health impacts of water and sanitation insecurity in the Global North: a scoping literature review for U.S. colonias on the Mexico border
Authors: Zheng Madeleine , Wutich Amber , Brewis Alexandra , Kavouras Stavros
Published: September 2022

U.S. border colonias are peri-urban settlements along the U.S.–Mexico border. Residents often face substandard housing, inadequate septic and sewer systems, and unsafe or inadequate household water. As of 2015, an estimated 30% of over 5 million U.S. colonia residents lacked access to clean drinking water, suggesting health complications. This scoping review identifies a very limited existing set of research on water and sanitation insecurity in U.S.–Mexico border colonias, and suggests value in additional focused research in this specific context to address health challenges. Preliminary health data indicates that due to water insecurity, colonia residents are more likely to contract gastrointestinal diseases, be exposed to carcinogenic compounds from contaminated water, and experience psychosocial distress. These widespread health issues in colonias are exacerbated by historical and ongoing socioenvironmental injustices in the U.S.–Mexico border region and their relation to the poor health outcomes.
Effects of antimicrobials in anammox mediated systems: critical review
Authors: Zungu Phumza Vuyokazi , Kosgey Kiprotich , Kumari Sheena , Bux Faizal
Published: September 2022

Anammox-mediated systems are thought to be cost-effective and efficient technologies for removing nitrogen from wastewater by converting nitrite and ammonium into dinitrogen gas. However, there are inhibitory substances that reduce the effectiveness and efficiency of these processes, preventing their widespread application. Antimicrobial agents are among these substances that have been observed to inhibit anammox-mediated processes. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of various antimicrobials on the anammox-based systems with emphasis on the effects in different reactor configurations, sludge types and microbial population of anammox-based systems. In addition, this review also discusses the mechanisms by which nitrifying bacteria are inhibited by the antimicrobials. Gaps in knowledge based on this review as well as future research needs have also been suggested. This review gives a better knowledge of antimicrobial effects on anammox-based systems and provides some guidance on the type of system to use to treat antimicrobial-containing wastewater using anammox-based processes.
Phytochemicals-based Therapeutics against Alzheimer's Disease: An Update
Authors: Ayaz Muhammad , Nawaz Asif , Naz Falak , Ullah Farhat , Sadiq Abdul , Islam Zia Ul
Published: September 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the main healthcare challenges of the twenty-first century, not only affecting millions people's quality of life but also increasing the burden on the medical community, families and society. It is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by learning and cognitive dysfunction, behavioral turbulence, and memory loss and is a major cause of dementia, contributing to 50–60 % of dementia cases in patients above the age of 65. The major pathophysiological changes include accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques (Aβ), highly phosphorylated tau protein, neuroinflammation, GABA neurotransmission disruption, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuronal damage due to free radicals, and decrease in the concentration of acetylcholine (ACh) and butyrylcholine (BCh). The inability of commercial therapeutics such as donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, and tacrine leads to the attraction towards phytochemical based therapeutics. Phytochemicals derived from plants exhibit neuroprotection via targeting apoptosis, neurotrophic factor deficit, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and abnormal accumulation of proteins. Here we discussed some of the neuroprotective phytochemicals used for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases like AD and dementia.
Self-management Strategies for Patients with Risk Factors to Reduce the Impact of Cardiovascular Disease in Selected Clinics in Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Kgatla Mamoeng Nancy , Mothiba Tebogo Maria , Malema Rambelani Nancy , Makgahlela Mpsanyana , Sodi Tholene
Published: September 2022

Background:

Cardiovascular diseases are now the leading cause of death worldwide, amounting to 17.8% of all deaths recorded. In Sub-Saharan Africa, it contributes to about 13% of deaths, whereas 80% were recorded from developing countries. A quarter of all deaths are attributable to behavioural and metabolic risk factors due to patients` lack of self-management strategies, which are practices and activities that the patients can use and manage themselves, effectively preventing the development of CVD.

Objective:

The study aimed to explore patients at risk of CVD’s knowledge of self-management strategies to prevent the development of CVD.

Methods:

This was a qualitative exploratory and descriptive study conducted in four primary health care settings in two contexts (i.e., a rural and peri-urban setting) in the Capricorn District of Limpopo Province, South Africa. The target population were patients with risk factors and diagnosed with either hypertension or diabetes mellitus. Twenty-five patients (male n=9; female n=16) were purposefully sampled and participated in semi-structured individual interviews with a schedule guide. The data was analysed using thematic Tesch’s open coding qualitative data analysis method.

Results:

Thematically analysed data resulted in three main themes and their related subthemes enumerating patients at risk of CVD’s knowledge regarding disease onset, risk factors, and self-management, including daily challenges affecting disease progression. The major themes isolated are 1) knowledge related to CVD onset, symptoms, and self-management strategies, 2) challenges experienced by persons at risk of developing CVD, 3) suggestions to help improve health and the prevention of the onset of CVD.

Conclusion:

The study concludes by recommending in-depth CVD awareness and education programs for patients at risk. More importantly, the provision of mental health awareness, counselling, and equipping patients with coping skills are recommended.
COVİD-19 Tanısı Alan Çocuk Hastalarda Serum Elektrolit Dengesinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Tekeli Aysun , Bolat Ahmet , Selek Ayberk , Ünay Bülent
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Çalışmamızda COVID-19 pozitifliği tespit edilen çocuk hastalarda olası elektrolit bozukluğunu değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: COVID-19 semptomları veya temas öyküsü olan, COVID 19 PCR antijen test uygulanan 1 ay-18 yaş arası hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların fizik muayeneleri, semptomları, laboratuvar bulguları ve izlemleri geriye dönük olarak incelendi. COVID 19 test pozitif ve negatif olan vakalar arası bulgular ve laboratuvar sonuçları karşılaştırıldı. İstatiksel analiz için Student t test ve Mann Whitney U testi kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Toplam 300 hastanın klinik ve laboratuvar bulguları değerlendirilmiştir. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 9,6±6,1 yıldır. Nazofaringeal COVID-19 PCR antijen testi 155 (%51,7) hastada pozitif tespit edildi. Miyalji bulgusu COVİD-19 tanısı almış hastalarda test negatif gruba göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir (p0,05). Klinik ciddiyet derecesi ile elektrolit düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı (p=0,676).
Sonuç: Enfeksiyon varlığında çocuklar sıvı ve elektrolit bozuklukları açısından daha büyük risk altındadır. Özellikle hastanede ve yoğun bakımda yatan çocuk hastalarda sıvı ve elektrolit bozuklukları daha sık görülmektedir. Bu nedenle COVID 19 enfeksiyonlu çocuklarda sıvı ve elektrolit durumu takip edilmelidir.
Akut gastroenteritli çocuklarda Rotavirüs prevelansının araştırılması: Tek merkezli çalışma
Authors: Keleş Alp Esma , Özdemir Yurdanur Ülkü
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Akut gastroenterit küçük yaştaki çocuklarda yüksek morbidite ve mortalite ile seyreden önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Bu çalışmada 0-18 yaş arası akut gastroenterit tanısı alan vakalardaki rota antijen pozitiflik oranı, yaş, cinsiyet, mevsimsel özellikleri, kusma eşlik edip etmemesi, hastaneye yatış oranlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Retrospektif olarak düzenlenen çalışmaya Kasım 2014-Şubat 2022 döneminde akut gastroenterit tanısı konan 0-18 yaş 8356 hasta alındı. Kronik hastalığı, immün yetersizliği, malnutrisyonu, ishal öncesi antibiyotik kullanım öyküsü veya kronik gastroenteriti olan hastalar çalışmaya alınmadı. Rotavirüs gastroenteriti tanısı dışkıda rotavirüs antijen tayini ile konuldu.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 8356 hastanın 1079’ unda (%12,9) rotavirüs antijen pozitifliği saptandı. Rotavirüs antijen pozitifliği saptanan olguların 497‘si (%46,1) kız, 582’si (553,9) erkekti. Rota negatif vakaların %64’ü, rota pozitiflerin 82,4 ‘ü 1 -5 yaş aralığındaydı. Rota negatif akut gastroenterit vakaları en çok yaz (%28,8) ve sonbahar (%28,8) mevsiminde görülürken rota pozitif olgular sonbahar (%31,7) ve kış (%33,4) mevsiminde daha sık görüldü. Rota negatiflerin %19,6’sına, rota pozitiflerin ise %24’ üne kusma eşlik ediyordu. Ayrıca, rota negatif vakaların %38,6’ı yatarak tedavi görmüştü. Rota pozitif hastalarda ise hastaneye yatış oranı yüzde 53,6 oranındaydı, daha yüksekti ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı.(p
Evaluation of pediatric intoxication patients followed-up in intensive care unit.
Authors: Özcan Serhan , Akay Seçil , Bozkurt İrem , Uyar Emel , Perk Oktay , Akca Çağlar Ayla
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Our study was planned to reach out intoxication patient’s clinical characteristics, treatment modalities and outcomes of those patients followed up in pediatric intensive care unit.
Materials and method: We examined patients admitted to our hospital or transferred from another medical center to our PICU, diagnosed with intoxication from 01 January 2019 to 31 December 2021, retrospectively. We collected patient’s demographic data. Glasgow Coma Scale score at admission, medical treatments applied to patients’ mechanical ventilation requirement, hemodialysis and plasmapheresis applied was recorded. Outcomes evaluated by survival, days in PICU and days in hospital. We divided study group as adolescent group (>120-month-old) and non-adolescent group (<120-month-old). All collected variables were compared between two groups.
Results: During study period 114 patients included into the study. Most of the patients were in adolescent age group (52.6%). If we examined intoxication causes, in adolescent patient’s suicide was major cause of intoxication. In patients below <120-month-old unintentional intoxication was the main reason. Antipsychotics, antidepressants and analgesics were the most common medication causes of intoxication respectively. Mechanical ventilation applied to 4 patients. 5 patients were hemodialyzed. Plasmapheresis performed to 5 patients. All patients were survived. Median days in PICU was 1 day. Median days in hospital was 3 days.
Conclusion: In our study, 2.8% of all PICU admissions were intoxications. Antipsychotics, antidepressants and analgesics were the most common medication causes of intoxications. Antidepressants intake were seen in higher rates in adolescent age group. Antidepressant prescription and drug control should be more carefully in adolescent age group.
Focus
Authors: Van Vlastuin W.
Published: September 2022

N.a.v.: James R. Salladin, Jonathan Edwards and Deification. Reconciling Theosis and the Reformed Tradition (Downers Grove: InterVarsityPress, 2022) 266 p., $ 40.00 (ISBN 9781514000465).
Collective Action for Wellness in the Malaysian Workplace: Protocol for a Feasibility Study
Authors: Thai Janus Y , McCaffrey Tracy , Ramadas Amutha , Chandrasekara Dharshani , Koh Sharon G M , Choi Tammie Suet Ting , Malini Hema , Xie Jue , Olivier Patrick , Md Zain Anuar Zaini , Watterson Jessica
Published: September 2022

Background

Chronic diseases and the associated risk factors are preventable with lifestyle changes such as eating a healthier diet and being more physically active. In Malaysia, the prevalence of chronic diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, and heart diseases, has risen. In the present study, we explore the potential of co-designing and implementing a digital wellness intervention to promote socially-driven health knowledge and practices in the workplace in Malaysia, drawing on social cognitive theory, social impact theory, and social influence theory.

Objective

This study aims to co-design and assess the feasibility of a socially-driven digital health intervention to promote healthy behavior and prevent chronic diseases in a workplace in Malaysia.

Methods

This study involves two phases: (i) identifying the barriers and facilitators to healthy behaviors at work and co-designing the intervention activities with the employees, (ii) implementing and evaluating the intervention’s feasibility. Phase 1 will involve qualitative data collection and analysis through semi-structured, in-depth interviews and co-design workshops with the employees, while Phase 2 will consist of a feasibility study employing quantitative measurements of health behaviors through accelerometers and questionnaires.

Results

This study was funded in June 2021 and ethics approval for Phase 1 was obtained from the Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee in January 2022. As of August 2022, qualitative interviews with 12 employees have been completed and the data has been transcribed and analyzed. These results will be published in a future paper with results from all Phase 1 activities.

Conclusions

The study will help us to better understand the mechanisms through which digital technologies can promote socially-driven health knowledge and behaviors. This research will also result in a scalable wellness intervention that could be further tailored and expanded to other employers and social groups across the region.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/39238