bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of automated and non-automated production of turbine blades
Authors: Полетаев В. , Poletaev V. , Цветков Е. , Tsvetkov E.
Published: December 2016

Existing production of turbine blades is arranged on the principle “one machine – one part – one product”. This concept does not meet the requirements of today to ensure the required “price – quality” ratio of the product. The only solution to improve the efficient production to process turbine blades on the base of multifunctional machining centers allows increasing efficiency of turbine blade manufacture, and provides advantages to manufacturers of GTE on the gas turbine markets. Automated production of the turbine blades developed by NPO “Saturn” has greatly enhanced the quality of GTE blade wheel manufacture and reduced the cost of their production.
Peculiarities of anodic dissolution activation at laser-electrochemical treatment of KNT-16 no-tungsten hard alloy in 10 % water solution of sodium nitrate
Authors: Гаар Надежда , Gaar Nadezhda , Рахимянов Харис , Rakhimyanov Kharis , Локтионов Александр , Loktionov Aleksandr
Published: December 2016

The peculiarities of an electrochemical dilution of KNT-16 tungstenless hard alloy in the water solution of sodium nitrate without laser emission imposition and at the impact of laser emission with wave lengths of 1.06 mcm and 0.53 mcm have been considered. It is established that the imposition of laser emission of both wave lengths (1.09 mcm and 0.53 mcm) in the area of treatment with the use of the frequency of pulse sequence equal to 10 kHz allows increasing current density as compared with the dilution without emission imposition three – five times more.
Internal carotid artery dissection
Authors: Stoker Thomas B , Evans Nicholas R , Warburton Elizabeth A
Published: December 2016

Internal carotid artery dissection is an important cause of ischaemic stroke in those aged under 50 years. Awareness of the clinical features is crucial as they may offer the opportunity to intervene to reduce strokes occurring or recurring.
Reviews
Authors: Collier M. , Gilchrist B. , Price P.
Published: December 2016

WOUND CARE NURSING: A PATIENT CENTRED APPROACH

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN HEALTH CARE
Wound irrigation
Authors: Lawrence J.C.
Published: December 2016

An update on irrigating fluids and their effect on wounds
Diabetic foot complications
Authors: Vowden K.
Published: December 2016

A case study describing the difficulties encountered by a joint vascular and diabetic foot-care team in the management of a patient with a late presentation
A pressure measurement tool for plantar wound management
Authors: Booth J. , Mclnnes A. , Birch I.
Published: December 2016

This case report describes a new initiative that was designed for the long-term management of ulcer recurrence in a patient with a diabetic foot wound
Leg ulceration with mixed arterial and venous disease
Authors: Hofman D.
Published: December 2016

A case report of a patient with a leg ulcer of mixed aetiology outlining the successful management achieved by a multidisciplinary team
A community/hospital leg ulcer service
Authors: Stevens J. , Franks P.J. , Harrington M.
Published: December 2016

This paper outlines the implementation of a multidisciplinary integrated community and hospital leg ulcer service in 1993 and its effect on the health outcomes and quality of life of patients living in the area of the Hounslow and Spelthorne Community and Mental Health Trust prior to and following the establishment of the service
Antibody response to topical streptokinase
Authors: Bux M. , Baig M.K. , Rodrigues E. , Armstrong D. , Brown A.
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study was to assess anti-streptokinase antibody levels in patients treated with intravenous streptokinase for acute myocardial infarction and in patients treated with topical streptokinase for cutaneous wounds. Sixty-two consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction (age 65±12 years), 42 consecutive patients with streptokinase/streptodornase-treated wounds (age 74±14 years) and a control group of 40 patients with non-streptokinase-treated wounds (age 59±14 years) were studied over a period of 12 months. Blood was taken prior to commencement of treatment and subsequently at intervals of seven days, one month and six months. Serum was analysed for the presence of anti-streptokinase antibodies, using an ELISA technique.

Baseline anti-streptokinase levels were similar in all three groups. Over the subsequent six months, the group treated with intravenous streptokinase developed a significant elevation of antibody levels, whereas antibody levels did not rise significantly in the control group. The group treated with topical streptokinase also developed a significant elevation of antibody levels at one month, but the mean level was significantly lower than that in the intravenous group. By six months, anti-streptokinase levels in the topical group had returned toward baseline values.

Topical application of streptokinase causes a significant humoral response by one month, which then declines. The response is significantly lower than that caused by intravenous streptokinase. To ensure clinical thrombolytic efficacy, therefore, it may be preferable to avoid intravenous streptokinase in patients who have been treated with topical streptokinase in the preceding six months.
From the Journals
Authors: Shutler S.D. , Thomas S. , Collier M.
Published: December 2016

MEASURING TEMPERATURE IN WOUND HEALING

WATER VAPOUR TRANSMISSION RATES

DYNAMIC PULSATION THERAPY
GM-CSF in the treatment of skin ulceration in breast cancer
Authors: Wandl U.B.
Published: December 2016

A case study describing the use of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to stimulate healing of an ulcerative cutaneous lesion in a patient with metastatic breast cancer
Ageing and wounds Part 2: healing in old age
Authors: Desai H.
Published: December 2016

The second part of this review outlines the physiology of wound healing in old age and how it differs from normal adult healing
Letters
Authors: Bliss M.R. , O'Flynn Linda , Sperring Beth
Published: December 2016

PRESSURE SORE PROTOCOL

TEA TREE BURN GELS
Paediatric wound care
Authors: Rosslter Gillian
Published: December 2016

The vast majority of wounds in children heal quickly with few or no problems. However, for those with a chronic illness, such as Crohn's disease, renal failure or neurological conditions, wound healing may be problematic because of the illness. Healing is often delayed by a poor nutritiona state, complications of surgery, infection or chemotherapy.
Use of a hydrocellular adhesive dressing in a terminally ill baby
Authors: Young T.
Published: December 2016

This case study describes the management of a leaking meningocele in a newborn baby
The cytocompatibility of hydrocolloid dressings
Authors: Agren M.
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect on fibroblast proliferation of hydrophilic particles isolated from six commercial hydrocolloid dressings.

The hydrophobic adhesive matrix of six hydrocolloid dressings was removed using a reflux extraction method with an organic solvent (xylene). The remaining hydrophilic particles were dissolved in complete cell growth medium containing 10% (v/v) foetal calf serum and added to confluent human dermal fibroblasts grown in monolayer in final concentrations of 0.1 and 0.01% (w/v). Control cells received growth medium alone. The fibroblasts were incubated with the hydrophilic particles and the thymidine analogue 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) for 24 hours.

The incorporation of BrdU into DNA was used as a measure of cell proliferation and determined using an ELISA kit. The results were expressed in percentage of control-treated wells and analysed using analysis of variance. Apart from Comfeel Plus, the hydrophilic particles of hydrocolloid dressings significantly inhibited fibroblast proliferation at 0.1% compared to control-treated fibroblasts (p<0.05).
Cellular communication and the action of growth factors during wound healing
Authors: Garrett B. , Garrett S.B.
Published: December 2016

This update reviews the biological principles behind the action of ‘growth factors’ and their influence on intracellular activity in target cells during the phases of wound healing
A home-care team in paediatric wound care
Authors: Teare J.
Published: December 2016

A discussion of how the use of a wound-care plan can improve paediatric community nursing
Managing pressure sores: a master class
Authors: Bliss M.R.
Published: December 2016

The masterclass reports in this issue (page 398) raise serious questions about our understanding and practice of the management of pressure sores.
Reviews
Authors: Shepherd M.
Published: December 2016

FORMULARY OF WOUND MANAGEMENT PRODUCTS: A GUIDE FOR HEALTH CARE STAFF (7TH EDITION)
A comparison of two dressings in the management of chronic wounds
Authors: Thomas S. , Banks V. , Bale S. , Fear-Price M. , Hagelstein S. , Harding K.G. , Orpin J. , Thomas N.
Published: December 2016

A hydropolymer dressing (Tielle) and a hydrocolloid dressing (Granuflex) were compared In a randomised controlled clinical study involving 100 patients with leg ulcers and 99 patients with pressure sores in the community.

Statistically significant differences in favour of the hydropolymer dressing were detected for dressing leakage and odour production, but no statistically significant differences were recorded in the number of patients with either leg ulcers or pressure sores who healed in each treatment group.
Research-based or idiosyncratic practice in the management of leg ulcers in the community
Authors: Jones J.E.
Published: December 2016

A review of the issues surrounding the dissemination, use and implementation of research into practice with particular reference to the management of leg ulcers by community nurses
The use of ultrasound therapy in wound healing
Authors: Hart J.
Published: December 2016

A review of the evidence for the use of therapeutic ultrasound in the treatment of chronic and acute wounds and a guide to the delivery of appropriate treatment
Nutrient intake and the risk of pressure sore development in older patients
Authors: Lewis B.K.
Published: December 2016

This study explored the possibility of a link between diet prior to admission to hospital and the development of pressure sores in older patients. The intention was to use this information to develop a nutrient prediction score and nutrient risk indicator. Thirty patients over the age of 75, admitted with either a fractured neck of femur or for hip replacement surgery, formed the study population.

A Waterlow assessment was completed on admission and each patient answered a specially developed food frequency questionnaire. Patients in both diagnostic groups had Waterlow scores which put them into the high-risk category.

A total of 20 pressure sores developed in the two groups of patients during their stay in hospital. Patients admitted for hip replacement had higher nutrient intake values than patients with fractured neck of femur and they also had a higher occurrence of pressure sores.

Overall diet for all patients appeared to be adequate; however, the diet of patients with fractured neck of femur was significantly lower in both iron and vitamin C than that of patients having hip replacement surgery.

The nutritional assessment tool was not as sensitive as expected and further development and validation are needed. While no firm conclusions can be drawn from this small study, the results do emphasise the importance of adequate diet in elderly patients prior to admission, especially for planned admissions for hip replacement.
Letters
Authors: Vowden P. , Bjellerup M. , Machado F. , Hutchinson J. , Agren Magnus S. , Blair S.D.
Published: December 2016

A NEW CLASSIFICATION OF LEG ULCERS

CYTOCOMPATIBILITY OF HYDROCOLLOID DRESSINGS

CORRECTION
The use of growth factors in clinical practice
Authors: Graham A.
Published: December 2016

The second in a two-part article reviewing the current and potential role of growth factors
A comparison of dressings in the management of surgical abdominal wounds
Authors: Cannavo M. , Fairbrother G. , Owen D. , Ingle J. , Lumley T.
Published: December 2016

This prospective randomised trial compared the performance of three dressing protocols in the management of 36 dehisced surgical abdominal wounds: a standard alginate; a gauze moistened with sodium hypochlorite (0.05%); and a combine dressing pad. Outcomes assessed were: healing time (cm2 per day and cm3 per day), patient comfort (pain and satisfaction) and cost.

There were no statistically significant differences in healing rates between the three groups but there was a trend for the combine dressing pad protocol to produce a greater reduction in wound area.

The combine dressing pad protocol performed well when compared with the calcium alginate in terms of healing time, patient comfort and cost. Maximum pain was significantly greater (p=0.011) and satisfaction significantly lower among patients who received the sodium hypochlorite protocol. Costs during the in-patient phase were also substantially higher for the sodium hypochlorite protocol.

Trial results support the view that sodium hypochlorite dressing protocols for surgical wounds should be abandoned.
Marjolin's ulcer and chronic burn scarring
Authors: Akguner M. , Barutçu A. , Yilmaz M. , Karataş Ö. , Vayvada H.
Published: December 2016

Marjolin's ulcer is a term used to describe squamous cell carcinomas which develop in chronic wounds. These carcinomas may also develop at the site of long-standing irritation, such as unstable burn scars. Development times for burn scar carcinomas of more than 30 years have been noted. This evaluation describes the treatment of 10 patients with burn scar carcinomas who have been treated using wide excision and closure of the defect with skin grafts or flaps, plus regional lymph node dissection if required. Results indicate a mean carcinoma development time of 26 years. Local recurrence occurred in only one patient.
Lower-limb amputation: wound care and rehabilitation
Authors: Spark I. , Vowden K. , Vowden P.
Published: December 2016

An outline of operative procedures and complications that can develop after amputation
From the Journals
Authors: Banerjee D. , Hofman D. , Melhuish J.
Published: December 2016

REPLACEMENT DERMIS TRIAL

COMPRESSION BANDAGING AND ARTERIAL DISEASE

MEASURING WOUNDS
The fatal wounding of Emperor John II Comnenus
Authors: Lascaratos J. , Voros D.
Published: December 2016

A new explanation of the death of the Byzantine Emperor
Odour-absorbing dressings
Authors: Thomas S. , Fisher B. , Fram P.J. , Waring M.J.
Published: December 2016

This study uses an objective test system that compares the ability of different dressings to prevent the passage of a volatile amine when applied to a wound model under simulated ‘in-use’ conditions. Five dressings containing activated charcoal were tested by this method, and a low-adherent absorbent dressing was used as a control. Results demonstrate clear differences in the ability of the products to contain the test solution and prevent the loss of the volatile diethylamine into the surrounding air.

Products which combine a physical absorbent with a charcoal component show enhanced performance.
Hypertrophic scars and keloids
Authors: Eisenbeiss W. , Peter F.W. , Bakhtiari C. , Frenz C.
Published: December 2016

A discussion of the different treatments used to reduce scarring in patients with burn injury
Education, microbiology and chronic wounds
Authors: Davis E.
Published: December 2016

A clinical description of how patient care can be improved by education and communication between the primary health-care team and the microbiologist
Macrophage treatment of pressure sores in paraplegia
Authors: Danon D. , Frenkel O. , Diamandstein L. , Winkler E. , Orenstein A.
Published: December 2016

This report describes two cases where wound healing was achieved by local injection of a macrophage suspension after conventional treatments had failed for many years
Guidelines for pressure sore prevention and management
Authors: Shlpperley T.
Published: December 2016

A discussion on how an NHS community trust developed guidelines to assist in the allocation of pressure-relieving equipment
Cellulitis associated with wounds
Authors: Grey J.E.
Published: December 2016

An overview of the causes, diagnosis and treatment of cellulitis in patients with wounds
Influential factors in surgical wound healing
Authors: Partridge C.
Published: December 2016

This review identifies factors affecting surgical wound healing
Health-related quality of life and the patient's perspective
Authors: Price P.
Published: December 2016

A review of some of the research on the effects of living with chronic wounds and the need to develop measures that incorporate the patient's point of view
Split-thickness skin graft donor sites
Authors: Fowler A. , Dempsey A.
Published: December 2016

An update on management from pre-operative preparation of donor site skin for grafting to post-operative care of the wound
The use of iodine as an antiseptic agent
Authors: Lawrence J.C.
Published: December 2016

A review of the discovery, uses and evolution of iodine and its compounds as antiseptics and the development of povidone-iodine
Letters
Authors: Bliss Mary R. , Shipperley T. , lies Ann , Phillips Peter , Sheen A.J. , James N.K. , Wilkinson B.
Published: December 2016

COMMUNITY GUIDELINES ON PRESSURE AREA CARE

NECROTISING FASCIITIS

INTERNET SOURCES

MEPITEL: A ‘STICKY’ SUBJECT
Acceptable evidence?
Authors: Collier Mark
Published: December 2016

During the past few years, I have gained the impression in discussions with colleagues about evidence-based practice that evidence will be deemed worthy to shape cost-effective clinical practice only if it has been derived from a randomised controlled trial (RCT). If this is so, we must consider definitions. A randomised controlled trial is one in which treatment is truly randomised by using a computer-generated list, or quasi-randomised by using a random number table (for example, assignment to treatment by medical record number)1. Evidence is defined as the data on which to establish truth or falsehood2.
Defining infection in chronic wounds: methodology
Authors: Heggers J.P.
Published: December 2016

An historical review of the quantitative assessment of microbial flora in wounds
Issues in the assessment of leg ulceration
Authors: Moffatt C.
Published: December 2016

A discussion on the type of assessments frequently performed by nurses prior to the application of compression therapy
Oedema and its treatment
Authors: Hofnmn Deborah
Published: December 2016

Bandages have been applied to leg ulcers for centuries, but it is only comparatively recently that the relationship between oedema reduction and ulcer healing has been recognised. Oedema inhibits the microcirculation, preventing adequate perfusion and nutritional exchange1.
Bandage application
Authors: Hampton Sylvia
Published: December 2016

The application of external compression is known to be an effective treatment for venous ulcers and the skills required to provide adequate pressure depend on the type of compression to be applied. Holistic assessment of the patient, along with education of the practitioner, leads to safe application of compression bandages. Incorrectly applied bandages can cause an increase in the size of the ulcer and may lead to amputation if used on ischaemic limbs1.
Lasting powers of attorney: an essential guide
Authors: Knowles Michael
Published: December 2016

The lasting power of attorney (LPA) allows a person to appoint someone to make decisions on their behalf. In this article, Michael Knowles details the situations in which the LPA may be considered, and how it might apply to residents in the care home
O Corporativismo enquanto categoria histórica
Authors: Rosas Fernando
Published: December 2016

Este texto dirige o seu debate para os significados do retorno do corporativismo ao estudo da História contemporânea, em geral, e à História do Estado novo português, em particular. Procurando uma hermenêutica do corporativismo enquanto conceito histórico, esta reflexão realça a ligação umbilical das ideias corporativistas aos fascismos do período de entre as duas guerras mundiais, quer ao fascismo-movimento quer aos fascismos-regime. Contestando as perspectivas des-historicizadas do corporativismo, salientam-se as suas principais finalidades instrumentais.
A memória histórica enquanto instrumento de controlo durante o Estado Novo. O exemplo do antissemitismo
Authors: Nunes João Paulo Avelãs
Published: December 2016

Viso analisar as modalidades e as consequências da utilização da historiografia e da memória histórica enquanto instrumentos de controlo. Considerar-se-ão vetores de estruturação da identidade histórico-cultural que o Estado Novo tentou impor e dar-se-á atenção à problemática do antissemitismo. Procurar-se-á correlacionar estas questões com o debate acerca da natureza da ditadura lusa.Parto do pressuposto de que, devido à personalidade dos dirigentes e aos equilíbrios internos do regime, às características do país e do respetivo contexto internacional, também na regionalidade cultural o Estado Novo optou por impor uma solução formalmente moderada. Tratar-se-ia, na aparência, de uma memória histórica pouco ideológica, escassamente diferenciada das narrativas antes dominantes e não marcada pelo antissemitismo. Foi consubstanciada através do historicismo neometódico.Defendo, ainda, que, partindo de uma Ditadura Militar, opondo-se à Primeira República e, quer a uma solução democrática, quer a um figurino «socialista», o Estado Novo configurou-se enquanto fascismo. Essa mesma classificação é válida apesar de António de Oliveira Salazar e de a maioria dos dirigentes intermédios do regime terem proclamado a existência de limites religiosos, éticos e legais no que concerne ao exercício da violência e à operacionalização de modalidades de enquadramento da «sociedade civil».
Geopolítica, economia, (des)colonização e cultura a partir do Ministério das Colónias de Marcelo Caetano 1944-47
Authors: Barbosa Márcio
Published: December 2016

Procura-se aqui construir um quadro, ensaístico e necessariamente breve, da mundividência no Ministério das Colónias liderado por Marcelo Caetano nos anos críticos de 1944 a 1947. Convocam-se sobretudo elementos de complexidade para uma compreensão do posicionamento dos principais atores internacionais ocidentais a partir do pós-guerra, segundo um ângulo de visão pouco estudado. Isto permite ensaiar um exercício de exploração de espaços cinzentos, ambiguidades, contradições ou paradoxos de uma inegável atualidade. Nomeadamente no que diz respeito aos particularismos que caracterizam the english way e american way of life. Em que medida estes particularismos contribuíram para dificultar, mais do que facilitar, processos fundamentais do pós-guerra como a descolonização e o desenvolvimento? De igual modo, em que medida o confronto bipolar (ideológico, propagandístico, etc.) funcionou como acelerador mas também dificultador desses processos?Este exercício possibilita também perceber melhor a visão de Marcelo Caetano, que viria a ser o último líder do Estado Novo, sobre a ordem mundial em gestação, os seus problemas e paradoxos, bem como a sua perspetiva sobre a cultura e essa «forma portuguesa de estar no mundo» ou um presumível portuguese way of life.
Repensando las políticas de privatización en educación: El cercamiento de la escuela
Authors: Fernández-González Noelia
Published: December 2016

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar el concepto de cercamiento, enclosure en inglés, como una categoría desde donde pensar las tendencias privatizadoras en educación. El concepto de cercamiento remite a los procesos por los que los derechos y los usos comunales de la tierra fueron barridos entre los siglos XIV y XVIII, dando paso así del feudalismo al capitalismo. Actualmente, el discurso que podemos denominar como “paradigma de los comunes” (Bollier, 2007) denuncia las dinámicas de privatización como un movimiento contemporáneo de cercamientos. En este texto, las políticas de privatización en educación son analizadas como un movimiento de cercamiento de la escuela. El texto se divide en cuatro secciones principales. Primero, se analiza la reforma del Estado en el contexto actual de globalización y la difuminación de los límites entre lo público y lo privado. La segunda sección, se centra en “el paradigma de los comunes”, seguida de las críticas que se le ha hecho a este discurso en la siguiente sección. La cuarta sección reflexiona sobre el cercamiento de la escuela a partir de otras investigaciones sobre las políticas de privatización introducidas en el Estado español y especialmente en la Comunidad de Madrid.
El desempeño en el nivel doctoral de educación en cifras: Ausencia de información y sugerencias para su producción
Authors: Wainerman Catalina , Matovich Iván
Published: December 2016

Desde mediados de los 90 en la Argentina y en América Latina, se ha producido un crecimiento abrupto del nivel posgrado. Sin embargo, las tasas de graduación doctoral (y de posgrado en general) están lejos de ser satisfactorias. Desde el sentido común, “se sabe” que la graduación de los posgrados es baja, y que esto es más así en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades (que más adelante denominaremos “Ciencias Blandas”) que en las Exactas y Naturales (que más adelante denominaremos “Ciencias Duras”), aunque no existe información completa,  válida y confiable. Para enfrentar este vacío llevamos a cabo una investigación con dos objetivos: medir el desempeño (eficiencia o productividad) de 18 programas doctorales en Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades de unidades académicas con sede en Buenos Aires y el Área Metropolitana; y diseñar un procedimiento para producir información válida y confiable sobre el desempeño. Éste se definió en términos de dos dimensiones: tasas de graduación (en tiempo reglamentario y tiempo extra reglamentario) y tiempo hasta la graduación promedio por cohorte. Para ello registramos la trayectoria académica de los individuos de cada cohorte desde su inscripción hasta su graduación o deserción. Analizamos la información por cada programa y para seis cohortes agrupadas (2001-2006), también por cada programa. Nuestros resultados constataron con datos confiables y válidos que el desempeño en las Ciencias Exactas y Naturales es mejor que en las Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades; y además, diseñamos una matriz de registro de estadísticas de posgrado y una serie de recomendaciones para que los programas doctorales y de posgrado en general puedan recoger sus propias estadísticas.
Characterization of the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum in milk in dependence on temperature
Authors: Matejčeková Zuzana , Liptáková Denisa , Spodniaková Sabína , Valík Ľubomír
Published: December 2016

The effect of temperature on the growth dynamics of Lactobacillus plantarum in the model environment of UHT milk was investigated. Based on the experiments between temperatures ranged from 8 to 40 °C, growth dynamics of the studied isolate was positively determined by the cultivation temperature that led to increasing intensity of growth in the exponential phase (except for temperatures 38 and 40 °C). Final counts in stationary phase have reached concentrations about 107 CFU · ml−1 from initial 103 CFU · ml−1, except for marginal 8 and 40 °C. Experimentally, it was found, that optimal temperature was close to 37 °C, where the fastest specific growth rate in an exponential phase was recorded (μ = 0.7683 h−1, td = 54 min) and the stationary phase was reached after 24 h of incubation. During the growth and multiplication of Lb. plantarum, no significant decrease of pH values in comparison to initial ones in dependence on temperature were determined (0.00—0.24 units).
Crystal and molecular structure of (9aS,10S)-6-Oxo-6,7,8,9,9a,10-hexahydro-4H-thieno-[2,3-b]quinolizin-10-yl acetate
Authors: Vrábel Viktor , Sivý Július , Šafař Peter , Marchalín Štefan
Published: December 2016

The title compound, C13H15NO3S, is a chiral molecule with two stereogenic centres. Its absolute configuration was derrived from the synthesis and confirmed by structure determination. The expected stereochemistry of atoms C5 and C6 was confirmed to be S. The central N-heterocyclic rings are not planar and adopt a half-chair conformation. A calculation of least-squares planes showed that these rings are puckered in such a manner that the five atoms C1, C2, C3, C5 and N1 (second ring: N1, C6, C7, C10 and C11) are planar, while atoms C4 (C5) are displaced from these planes with the out-of-plane displacement of 0.582 (3) Å and 0,666 (2) Å in the second ring, respectively. Dihedral angle between the planes of the central N-heterocyclic rings is 40.0 (1)°. Crystal structure is stabilized by C—H···O hydrogen interactions.
Analysis af Maternal Traits in Native Puławska Sows of Known Genotype (Ins/Del) at the PRL Locus
Authors: Babicz Marek , Szyndler-Nędza Magdalena , Kasprzyk Anna , Kropiwiec Kinga
Published: December 2016

The objective of the study was to analyse periparturient behaviour and the reproductive parameters of native Puławska sows with regard to polymorphism (insertion/deletion) at the PRL locus as components in the assessment of maternal value. The analysis included 45 sows of known genotype at the PRL locus, which were managed under a conservation breeding programme in individual farms. Behaviour was assessed by using an ethogram of sow responses to the stockpersons and piglets during the rearing period. The production parameters included litter size between days 1 and 21, mortality, body weight and daily weight gains of the piglets during that period. The performed analyses and observations show an association between the polymorphism of PRL gene and the maternal parameters of Puławska sows. Del/Del homozygous sows exhibited significantly higher realised fertility, but the maternal characteristics were generally more favourable in sows of the PRL Ins/Ins genotype. These animals were more docile towards the stockpersons and piglets, and were characterised by lower crushing rates, generally lower litter mortality, and higher parameters of piglet growth and development.
New method to solve certain differential equations
Authors: Rajchel Kazimierz , Szczęsny Jerzy
Published: December 2016

A new method to solve stationary one-dimensional Schroedinger equation is investigated. Solutions are described by means of representation of circles with multiple winding number. The results are demonstrated using the well-known analytical solutions of the Schroedinger equation.
A selection modelling approach to analysing missing data of liver Cirrhosis patients
Authors: Nath Dilip C. , Vishwakarma Ramesh K. , Bhattacharjee Atanu
Published: December 2016

Methods for dealing with missing data in clinical trials have received increased attention from the regulators and practitioners in the pharmaceutical industry over the last few years. Consideration of missing data in a study is important as they can lead to substantial biases and have an impact on overall statistical power. This problem may be caused by patients dropping before completion of the study. The new guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization place great emphasis on the importance of carefully choosing primary analysis methods based on clearly formulated assumptions regarding the missingness mechanism. The reason for dropout or withdrawal would be either related to the trial (e.g. adverse event, death, unpleasant study procedures, lack of improvement) or unrelated to the trial (e.g. moving away, unrelated disease). We applied selection models on liver cirrhosis patient data to analyse the treatment efficiency comparing the surgery of liver cirrhosis patients with consenting for participation HFLPC (Human Fatal Liver Progenitor Cells) infusion with surgery alone. It was found that comparison between treatment conditions when missing values are ignored potentially leads to biased conclusions.
Evaluation of spring barley breeding lines in a two-year multi-location experiment using some statistical methods
Authors: Zawieja Bogna , Bakinowska Ewa , Bichoński Andrzej
Published: December 2016

In breeding experiments conducted prior to tests connected with the registration of new breeding lines of crops, pre-preliminary and preliminary trials are carried out. In this study a comparison was made among some models of analysis of variance, in relation to the selection of new breeding lines of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The aim is to determine whether the choice of model of analysis of variance may influence the choice of tested breeding lines. The trait considered was the yield in two years of trials. A more comprehensive analysis of variance model was found to be superior. It was also found that the results of analyses performed using average measurements for lines significantly differ from those obtained on the basis of all measurements. It was concluded that the type of ANOVA model used may have an impact on inferences about breeding lines. Moreover, a lack of stability in the yields of tested lines was revealed, implying the necessity of several years of trials.
A note on the comparison of mixed-effects models for longitudinal studies
Authors: Szabelska-Beręsewicz Alicja , Bilska Agnieszka , Waszkowiak Katarzyna , Siatkowski Idzi
Published: December 2016

This paper concerns methods of choosing appropriate models for longitudinal studies. Attention is paid to three criteria: the marginal Akaike Information Criterion (mAIC), the conditional Akaike Information Criterion (cAIC), and the corrected conditional Akaike Information Criterion (ccAIC). We consider these criteria based on an example concerning the effect of storage time and addition of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) preparations (i.e. ground flaxseeds, defatted flaxseed meal and flaxseed ethanolic extract) on changes in lipid oxidation and fatty acid composition during the storage of liver pâté with partial substitution of fat with flax oil.
Analysis of the Tyre Loads of the Truck Tatra 815 in Interaction with the Ground
Authors: Valašková Veronika , Vlček Jozef
Published: December 2016

Interaction between moving vehicle and ground represents the actual problem. Traffic seismicity affects the environment and causes worsening of its parameters. Several approaches have been developed to solve the phenomena of the vehicle-ground interaction. This problem needs to be analysed as a complex system when particular elements interact together. The interaction results in unique magnitudes of the contact forces. This paper presents the results of the analysis of vehicle-ground interaction. Calculations have been made in software ADINA using Finite Element Method. Dynamic characteristics of the vehicle have been determined according to the lorry Tatra 815. Contact forces of the tyres have been applied as point and distributed load respectively.
Experimental Modal Test of the Laboratory Model of Steel Truss Structure
Authors: Kortiš Ján , Daniel Ľuboš , Škarupa Milan , Ďuratný Maroš
Published: December 2016

The experimental modal analysis is often used to validate the accuracy of dynamic numerical models. It is also a good tool to obtain valuable information about current condition of the structures that could help to determine residual lifetime. The quality of modal testing results is highly dependent on the proper estimation of the natural frequencies from the frequency response function. This article presents the experimental modal test of the laboratory steel structure in which the natural frequencies and mode shapes are determined.
Analytical and Numerical Evaluation of Limit States of MSE Wall Structure
Authors: Drusa Marián , Vlček Jozef , Holičková Martina , Kais Ladislav
Published: December 2016

Simplification of the design of Mechanically Stabilized Earth wall structures (MSE wall or MSEW) is now an important factor that helps us not only to save a time and costs, but also to achieve the desired results more reliably. It is quite common way in practice, that the designer of a section of motorway or railway line gives order for design to a supplier of geosynthetics materials. However, supplier company has experience and skills, but a general designer does not review the safety level of design and its efficiency, and is simply incorporating into the overall design of the construction project. Actually, large number of analytical computational methods for analysis and design of MSE walls or similar structures are known. The problem of these analytical methods is the verification of deformations and global stability of structure. The article aims to clarify two methods of calculating the internal stability of MSE wall and their comparison with FEM numerical model. Comparison of design approaches allows us to draft an effective retaining wall and tells us about the appropriateness of using a reinforcing element.
Effect of the autonomic nervous system on cancer progression depends on the type of tumor: solid are more affected then ascitic tumors
Authors: Horvathova L , Mravec B
Published: December 2016

Objectives.A number of recently published studies have shown that the sympathetic nervous system may influence cancer progression. There are, however, some ambiguities about the role of the parasympathetic nerves in the modulation of growth of different tumor types. Moreover, tumor models used for investigation of the autonomic neurotransmission role in the processes related to the cancer growth and progression are mainly of the solid nature. The knowledge about the nervous system involvement in the modulation of the development and progression of malignant ascites is only fragmental. Therefore, the aim of the present article was to summarize the results of our experimental studies focused on the elucidation of the role of the autonomic nervous system in the modulation of tumor growth in animals. We are summarizing data from studies, in which not only different experimental approaches in order to influence the autonomic neurotransmission, but also different tumor models have been used.

Methods.Three different types of tumor models, namely solid rat intra-abdominal fibrosarcoma, solid murine subcutaneous melanoma, and rat ascites hepatoma, and three types of interventions have been used in order to modulate the autonomic neurotransmission, specifically chemical sympathectomy, subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, or the electric stimulation of the vagus nerve.

Results.We have proved a strong stimulatory effect of the sympathetic nerves on the development and growth in both solid tumors, rat fibrosarcoma as well as murine melanoma, and significant inhibitory impact on the survival time of tumor-bearing animals. The progression of ascites hepatoma in rats was not influenced by chemical sympathectomy. Modulation of parasympathetic signalization by vagotomy or vagal nerve stimulation does not affect fibrosarcoma and ascites hepatoma growth and survival of the tumor-bearing rats.

Conclusions.Based on the obtained data, it seems that the solid types of tumors are suitable substrate for the direct action of neurotransmitters released especially from the sympathetic nerves. In contrast, it appears that the malignant ascites are not under the direct autonomic nerves control; however, an indirect action via the immune functions modulation cannot be excluded.
Taxation of the Prospecting, Exploration and Extraction of Shale Gas on Polish Territory
Authors: Pest Przemysław
Published: December 2016

The article presents the most important legal regulations addressing taxation of the prospecting, exploration and extraction of shale gas on polish territory, discussing the types of taxes applicable to enterprises engaged in this type of activity: the hydrocarbon tax, the tax on the extraction of some minerals, income tax, environmental usage fee, and property tax. The research issue is an important one when considering how the taxes assessed on entities conducting activity that consists in the prospecting, exploration and extraction of shale gas is one of the factors determining the profitability of such activity in Poland.
Early closeout of derivatives in the light of corporate income tax
Authors: Karczyński Łukasz
Published: December 2016

Due to financial crisis many entrepreneurs suffered heavy losses on derivatives, mainly currency options and forward contracts. Tax authorities tend to disallow deduction of those losses from the taxable income. Many cases ended up in administrative courts, resulting in judicature controversies on the issue in question. This paper is the third of four in a cycle. The aim of the whole cycle will be to analyze deeply these controversies and suggest the proper interpretation of the legal provisions, determining whether the expenses on currency options and forward contracts should or should not be regarded as tax-deductible expenses. The aim of this paper is to determine if the rights from the derivatives are being exercised or waived (as the law provides) in case of their early closeout (which allows the deduction as well). The conducted analysis suggests that early derivative closeout realises in exercising the rights from the derivative (as the law provides) which allows the deduction.
Structural analysis of the drivers and barriers to forest management in the Slovak regions of Podpoľanie and Kysuce
Authors: Navrátil Rudolf , Brodrechtová Yvonne , Sedmák Róbert , Smreček Róbert , Tuček Ján
Published: December 2016

The paper presents an application of structural analysis in search of key drivers and barriers of forest management in two Slovak regions: Podpoľanie and Kysuce. A comparison with factors identified in selected European regions is also presented. First, various relevant factors affecting forest management were selected for both regions. The selections draw on the pool of primary data (structured in-person interviews) and secondary data (qualitative analysis of national and European documents). Second, factors were grouped according to the STEEP categories (Society, Technology, Economy, Ecology, and Policy). Subsequently, factors were rigorously assessed by the regional stakeholders in participatory workshops, and their answers were analysed by structural analysis with the help of Parmenides EIDOS™ software. The results show that in both Slovak regions political, economic, and ecological factors dominated over social and technological factors. The comparison with selected European regions revealed that in the Slovak and other European regions, the Policy category dominated due to having the highest number of factors and their overall impact on forest management. In contrast, the least important societal domain was Technology in both the Slovak and other European regions. However, while stakeholders across the selected European regions perceived the Society domain as significant, stakeholders in both Slovak regions perceived the Economy and Ecology domains as more significant.
Phytosociological analysis of alpine swards and heathlands (pioneer patches) on ridges and peaks in the Julian Alps (NW Slovenia)
Authors: Dakskobler Igor , Surina Boštjan
Published: December 2016

We conducted a phytosociological analysis of more than 250 relevés in the Julian Alps and compared them with similar communities elsewhere in the Alps and in the Dinaric Alps to describe the following new syntaxa of alpine swards and heathlands from the alliance Caricion firmae (class Elyno-Seslerietea): Saxifrago squarrosae-Caricetum mucronatae, Saussureo pygmaeae-Caricetum rupestris, Seslerio sphaerocephalae-Dryadetum octopetalae, Homogyno discoloris-Vaccinietum gaultherioidis, Saxifrago paniculatae-Caricetum fuliginosae and Homogyno discoloris-Loiseleurietum caricetosum firmae, the new association Achilleo clavennae-Elynetum myosuroidis from the alliance Oxytropido-Elynion and two new syntaxa from the alliance Loiseleurio-Vaccinion (class Loiseleurio-Vaccinietea): Homogyno alpinae-Vaccinietum gaultherioidis and Empetro-Vaccinietum gaultherioidis rhododendretosum hirsuti. Many species that are rare, of conservation concern or protected in Slovenia occur in the newly described communities.
Safety-Critical Personality Aspects in Human-Machine Teams of Aviation
Authors: Eschen Solveig C. S. , Keye-Ehing Doris , Gayraud Katja
Published: December 2016

Working safely and successfully in highly automated human-machine interfaces of future aviation is not only a matter of performance, but also of personality. This study examines which personality aspects correlate with safety-critical performance in human-machine teams. The research tools HTQ (Hybrid Team Questionnaire) and HINT (Hybrid Interaction Scenario) were combined for a comprehensive exploratory study. The HTQ includes personality scales measuring broad factors of personality (Big Five) as well as more specific scales and was added with objective personality assessments to measure risk taking. The simulation tool HINT simulates relevant processes in future human-machine team interaction in aviation. In a study with 156 applicants for aviation careers, safety-critical relations of some facets of general personality as well as risk taking were found. Especially personality aspects concerning disinhibiting, spontaneous behaviour and sensation seeking show correlations with poorer performance in the HINT simulation.
Mechanical Homogeneous Continuous Dynamical Systems Holor Algebra - Steady-State Alternating Velocity Analysis
Authors: Fijałkowski B.
Published: December 2016

In this article, a new mathematical representation of the sinusoidal alternating velocity, force and power by means of some complex quantities, termed ‘holors’ is proposed. The word holor is a term to describe a mathematical entity that is made up of one or more independent quantities, and includes complex numbers, scalars, vectors, matrices, tensors and other hypernumbers. Holors, thus defined, have been known for centuries but each has been developed more or less independently, accompanied by separate nomenclature and theory.
Numerical Analysis of the Influence of In-Plane Constraints on the Crack Tip Opening Displacement for SEN(B) Specimens Under Predominantly Plane Strain Conditions
Authors: Graba M.
Published: December 2016

This paper presents a numerical analysis of the relationship between in-plane constraints and the crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) for single-edge notched bend (SEN(B)) specimens under predominantly plane strain conditions. It provides details of the numerical model and discusses the influence of external load and in-plane constraints on the CTOD. The work also reviews methods for determining the CTOD. The new formula proposed in this paper can be used to estimate the value of the coefficient dn as a function of the relative crack length, the strain hardening exponent and the yield strength - dn(n, σ0/E, a/W), with these parameters affecting the level of in-plane constraints. Some of the numerical results were approximated using simple mathematical formulae.
Application of Differential Games in Mechatronic Control System
Authors: Hendzel Z. , Penar P.
Published: December 2016

Differential games are a combination of game theory and optimum control methods. Their solutions are based on Bellman's principle of optimality. In this paper, the zero-sum differential game theory has been used for the purposes of controlling a mechatronic object: a single-link manipulator. In this case, analytical solutions are unavailable, thus approximate solutions were used. Two approximation methods were compared with the use of numerical simulations and selected quality indicators. The results confirm previous assumptions and the connection between the differential game theory and H∞ control problems.
Mechanical Parameters of the Squeeze Film Curvilinear Bearing Lubricated with a Prandtl Fluid
Authors: Walicka A. , Walicki E.
Published: December 2016

Based upon a Prandtl fluid flow model, a curvilinear squeeze film bearing is considered. The equations of motion are given in a specific coordinate system. After general considerations on the Prandtl fluid flow these equations are used to derive the Reynolds equation. The solution of this equation is obtained by a method of successive approximation. As a result one obtains formulae expressing the pressure distribution and load-carrying capacity. The numerical examples of the Prandtl fluid flow in gaps of two simple bearings are presented.