bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Un análisis de los acontecimientos vitales estresantes durante la adolescencia
Authors: JIMÉNEZ GARCÍA Lucía , MENÉNDEZ ÁLVAREZ-DARDET Susana , HIDALGO GARCÍA M Victoria
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study was to examine stressful life events –in a quantitative and a qualitative manner– using a large adolescent sample. Additionally, we explored possible differences between girls and boys in how they deal with psychosocial stress. Firstly, results showed that school and family contexts were the main causes of stressful events in adolescence. Secondly, data analysis revealed a similar pattern in how girls and boys manage psychosocial stress during adolescence, but there were also significant differences in particular events, in relation to both their frequency and their emotional impact.
La percepción del riesgo en la prevención de accidentes laborales
Authors: Alonso Morillejo Enrique , Pozo Muñoz Carmen
Published: September 2024

In the present paper, we describe an approach to risk perception at the workplace. A brief revision is made on the concept of risk and the problems related with its definition. Risk perception at the workplace is a key element to understand workers' risk behavior. The study of diverse explanatory models that could be applied in this field is proposed, more specifically for the area of risk prevention at the workplace. Finally, it is emphasised the need to take into account not only cognitive variables, but also psychosocial factors.
La interacción mediatizada por ordinador: análisis del Forum d’Humanitats i de Filologia de la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya
Authors: Vayreda Y Duran Agnès , Núñez Y Mosteo Francesc , Miralles I Puig Laia
Published: September 2024

The concept of interaction is central to discussions regarding the nature of computer mediated social interactions. However, with few exceptions, the interaction itselfis not receiving rigorous treatment as an object of study. We have paid special attention to the concepts of participation, participant and interaction and ourintention in this article, which is based on an empirical study of the Forum of Humanities and Catalan Studies, is to clarify the processes through which interaction on the Internet is constructed. Our aimis twofold: on the one hand, to investigate those aspects which will allow us to demonstrate the existence of joint action in the Forum, and on the other hand, to propose a model for the analytical study of interaction on the Internet.
Rehabilitación cognitiva en la esquizofrenia: estado actual y perspectivas futuras
Authors: DE LA HIGUERA ROMERO Jesús , SAGASTAGOITIA RUIZ Eneka
Published: September 2024

The rehabilitation of cognitive function in schizophrenia it is an area where it have been accumulated important advances in the last decades. Today there is numerous studies that point the improvement possibility in cognitive alterations traditionally related to the disease (memory, attention and executive functioning) and specifics programs have been developed to try to recover the function. The present work tries, by a side to give a general panoramic of the actual state of the question, reviewing from a critical point of view the present data and the future necessities of investigation, by another one to contribute information on basics characteristics and empirical support of some of the intervention programs of greater reach.
Mente, conducta e historia. Problemas en la filosofía de la psicología
Authors: Blanco Martín Carlos Javier
Published: September 2024

The goal of this paper is the comparison of several philosophies of the mind thatare very influential in modern Psychology: (1) identity theory (specially inthe davidsonian way), (2) eliminationism, (3) Fodor's intentional functionalism, (4) and Putnam's environmental sociologism. This work is a critical revision of each themin orderto correct these conceptions about mind, matter, and the coordination between them, in (1) and (2) from a materialistic point of view, and to contest the fodorian mentalistic philosophy (3). But we also criticise the sociologistic conception of Putnam (4), although we make this our strating point for our conciluding remarks.
Análisis de las dimensiones de un cuestionario sobre el prejuicio étnico
Authors: Rebolloso Pacheco Enrique , Fernández Ramírez Baltasar , Pozo Muñoz Carmen , Hernández Plaza Sonia , Rebolloso Pacheco José Ramón
Published: September 2024

The study analyzes the dimensions of a multiscale questionnaire about ethnic prejudice toward North-Africans in Almería (Spain). The aim was to show the basic components of a scale of traditional prejudice, reliable in our context and useful for future research. Reliability is analyzed through convergence of different groups of items using various multivariate analysis procedures. A high convergence will show the most consistent and reliable dimensions in the measurement of ethnic prejudice, The questionnaire is a combination of several scales: favourability in the stereotype, social distance, principles of equality and politics ofimplementation ofthese principles. Results support the traditional character of the expression of prejudice reflected inthe scales. Two dimensions appear from the analyses: principles of equality (which include the scales of principles and politics and some items of social distance) and confidence in the interpersonal relations with the North-African population (some items of the stereotype scale). We suggest that situations of some degree of intimacy (that could be related with a subtle expression of prejudice) and the politics of limited expulsion and police border control are evaluated by respondents independently of other questions: individuals apparently not prejudiced may show rejection in these items.
Protocolo de tratamiento psicológico grupal en una Unidad del Dolor
Authors: BAKAIKOA MUNOZ Maika , BORRELL GIRÓ Daniel , FERNANDEZ PUIG Victoria , SEMIS Ricard
Published: September 2024

In this article we present the program of psychological intervention to people who follow chronic pain treatment at the Pain Unit of the Germans Trias ¡ Pujo Hospital in Badalona (Barcelona).
La psicología educativa: perspectivas ante el próximo siglo
Authors: Maluf María Regina
Published: September 2024

With a few months to go for the beginning of the twenty-first century, a retrospective look at the century that is ending suggests it has been rich in technology and poor in human and social development. It is in this context that the role played by the science of Psychology is invoked. Psychology, which from its inception has had its unity questioned, shared the same rationality that illuminated modern science. However, this dominant paradigm is undergoing a process of rupture. A new epistemological confidence is currently arising in research and practice of Psychology whichredefines the role of culture, generates methodological approaches and demands from the educational psychologist a profound understanding of the educational phenomenon.
La prevención de la violencia de género en adolescentes. Una experiencia en el ámbito educativo
Authors: HERNANDO GÓMEZ Ángel
Published: September 2024

The following paper exposes the results and conclusions of a prevention program about dating violence, carried out with teenagers, in high schools. The program was designed to produce changes in individual attitudes, knowledge and skills of the students, with the objective of being able to eliminate the myths and wrong ideas underlying gender violence, as well as to enable the students to detect and to recognize physical, psychological and sexual abuse. In accordance with the program objectives we decided to use techniques in which all the class group participated, such as analysis of documents and movies, Focus Groups technique and debates. This work presents the development process of the program, the most representative results of the experience and the final conclusions.
Resultado y proceso en Psicoterapia Cognitivo-Constructivista Integradora
Authors: BOTELLA i GARCIA DEL CID Luis
Published: September 2024

This paper presents an intensive study that combines statistical methods to test the outcome and process of the psychotherapeutic treatments at the Servei d’Assessorament i Assistència Psicológica Blanquerna in Barcelona, and it analyzes in detail the relation between outcome (improvement) and process (therapeutic alliance). Specifically, the study analyzes (a) the psychotherapeutic process in terms of the relationship between therapeutic alliance and therapy outcome, and (b) the effect of therapeutic alliance ruptures and symptomatic worsening over therapy outcome and process. The clients included in this study were 239 and the assessment instruments were the CORE Outcome Measure and the reduced version of the Working Alliance Inventory. Results indicate the goodoutome of therapy and the importante of different aspects of the therapeutic alliance as predictors of the therapeutic process.
Valoración de un juzgado de familia
Authors: Perles Novas Fabiola , San Martín García Jesús
Published: September 2024

This study seeks to analyse user perception of a Family Court in Málaga. In order to achieve this aim, the SERVQUAL scale, developed to evaluate service provision, has been adapted. The influence of four variables on valuation are analysed: previous experience with the court, satisfaction with the experience, obtaining of a previous court decision and satisfaction with it. The results show being satisfied by a previous experience and a previous court decision lead to a better valuation of the court. Finally, the research points the adequacy of the SERVQUAL scale when adapted to this field.
Los que se arriesgan, ¿saben cuánto se arriesgan?
Authors: Bersabé Morán Rosa , Martínez Arias Rosario , Tejeiro Salguero Ricardo
Published: September 2024

In a real-world setting, two groups of subjects showing a different level of risk were compared in several measures of probability judgment accuracy. After answering a 20 true-false items exam, undergraduate students were asked to estimate the subjective probability that each item was true. Subjects were split into two groups of risk. Both achieved the very same grades, but the risky group gave a higher number of answers. The obtained data suggest that risk has an effect on calibration and noisiness of the probability judgments. The more risky subjects were more poorly calibrated, i.e., the subjective probabilities they estimated deviated further from the actual proportion of true items: Therefore, it seems that those who risk more know less about how much they risk. Discussion focuses on implications of these findings for gambling behavior. Calibration and covariance graphs are reported.
Importancia del contexto extralingüístico en la producción de habla egocéntrica en preescolares
Authors: De Olmedo Gordillo Mª Reyes , Hidalgo Cejudo Mª del Rosario , Ballestero Harillo Noelia , Lono Campos Mª José
Published: September 2024

In this research the role of extralinguistic contextin the production of egocentric speech in preschool children was studied. We expected to find: (1) fewer emissions of speech with an unshared extralinguistic context; (2) if total speech was shared out between the social and the egocentric function, we expected to find less social speech when the extralinguistic context was unshared, with an increase in the proportion of emissions of egocentric speech. Eighteen children aged 51 to 62 months were administered a classification task under two experimental conditions: (1) shared extralinguistic context (same task situation) and (2) unshared extralinguistic context (different task situation). The results obtained after the application were more complex than expected and followed Vygotski's reasoning theory concerning origin and function of egocentric speech.
Autoestima colectiva y aculturación en inmigrantes ecuatorianos
Authors: MARTÍNEZ MARTÍNEZ M del Carmen , PATERNA BLEDA Consuelo , LÓPEZ PINA José Antonio , MARTÍNEZ PICÓN José M.
Published: September 2024

This study examined the relationship between the ethnic collective self-esteem and the process of Ecuadorian immigrants’ acculturation in Murcia (Spain). In accordance with the bidimensional model of acculturation, the hypothesis of the independence between the contact with the outgroup and maintenance of the own ethnic identity is proven. This hypothesis obtains a partial confirmation. The results show that the women want to maintain their culture more than men and these to behave as the Spaniards. Also, it is observed that the age and the level of studies influence on the private self-esteem, the contact with Ecuadorian and the perceived cultural distance. The results are discussed in relation to gender immigration studies and the bicultural model.
Discordia entre esposos y alteraciones psicopatológicas en sus hijos
Authors: Gómez Reyes Isabel , Castro Luna José , Ruz Rodríguez F. Javier
Published: September 2024

This work is an approach to a bibliographical revision of the existent between the discord between husbands and the mental disorders in children, such how disorder, depression and anxiety. Itis the variables that mediate in this relationship.
Comportamiento disruptivo de un alumno con TDAH. Estudio de caso
Authors: LOZANO SORIANO Francisco Javier
Published: September 2024

It describes the scholarship story of a student diagnosed as having ADHD, highly disruptive, when arriving to a new school to take 1st ESO, after repeating Primary School. It studies his highly degree of disruption and the inclusion into a group whit highly percentage of repeating pupils that is rising his problems. His evolution is analyzed after staying with different teachers and course tutors, as well as the influence of the response the Pedagogical Coordination Organ of the school is giving, specially its Head of Studies and the Guidance Department. The family situation and role in the process are taken into account. Finally, it describes the attitudes and behaviour of the pupil on the different action fields within the Educative Community. After that there are an analysis of the obtained results and some conclusions are drawn. CITE AS:Lozano Soriano, F.J. (2011). Comportamiento disruptivo de un alumno con TDAH. Estudio de caso. Apuntes de Psicología, 29, 279-294.
La adopción en Andalucía
Authors: Palacios González Jesús , Sánchez Sandoval Yolanda , Sánchez Espinosa Encarna Mª
Published: September 2024

As a request of the Andalusian regional government, a study was carried out on 393 families who adopted children in the period of 1988 to 1993. Additionally, 865 children were included in a comparative study aimed at analysing similarities and differences between adopted children, their present classmates and their potential classmates had their lives followed another path (either remaining with their families of origin or living in an institutional long-term care arrangemenD. Overall results show that adoptions are working out very well, although there areadoptive families facing more difficulties than others. The comparison between groups of children shows that adopted children are very similar to their current classmates, with both groups at a certain distance from the children who remain with their families of origin, and at a greater distance from those who live in institutions, who are the ones presenting the most difficulties. Based on the results, adoption is considered to be a very positive alternative for children in need of long-term social protection. Changes are suggested in the model of intervention developed by the technical teams responsible for initiating the adoption process.
Motivación para el cambio como predictor de la adherencia terapéutica en el dolor crónico
Authors: MERAYO ALONSO Luis Antonio , CANO GARCÍA Francisco Javier , RODRÍGUEZ FRANCO Luis
Published: September 2024

Psychological treatments that emphasize the auto management have turned out to be commonly adapted like alternative to the medical intervention in the chronic pain, Unfortunately this approximation often fails in compromising to a significant portion of individuals towards the treatments and many abandons and relapses. The aim of this study was to verify the predictive validity of States of Change Model in chronic pain using the Pain States of Change Questionnaire (PSOCQ) to predict adherence and therapeutic results. The sample consisted of48 patients of chronic pain —fibromyalgia- recruited in a public pain clinic of Seville (Spain). The half of them followed a cognitive - behavioral intervention, and another half a program of auto management guided by expert patients. The results support the predictive validity of the PSOCQ, while in ah that: a) patients with less change motivation had less probability of completing the treatment; b) change motivation increased as effect of the treatment; and, c) a less change motivation was associated to more gravity of the disorder. The discussion centers on the interest of considering change motivation to improve therapeutic efficiency.
La posición de la mujer frente a los roles de género: familia versus empleo
Authors: Paterna Bleda Consuelo , Martínez Martínez Carmen
Published: September 2024

The extensive research on work-family has focused on the effects of multiple roles on women's work attitudes and its psychological consequences. The main aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between working roles and family roles in working women. 200 mothers working in education, health and administration-related jobs participated in the study. The factor analysis showed that six factors could explain the relationship between work and family. Results indicate that family roles are defined in relation to the working roles, and both are necessary for personal fulfilment. Problems in making both compatible were not apparent. At the same time, the women of the sample did not define family roles from a traditional point of view. However, having children continues to change the life of mothers more than it does that of fathers.
Estructura factorial de la Escala de Inteligencia para Niños de Wechsler-Revisada (WISC-R). Un acercamiento desde el ámbito clínico
Authors: Galán Rodríguez Antonio , López Narbona Marta
Published: September 2024

In the present study, the structure of the intellectual functions of a clinical population has been studied with the WISC-R, as routinely applied in a Children's Mental Health Unit. The latest 33 case- histories were chosen from each age group (6 to 15), and a principal component analysis carried out. Sex distribution was different at each age, but there were hardly any differences in subtest scores related to sex or age. The analysis of factors supported Kaufman's three factor solution; it also pointed to the existence of differences related to sex and/or psychopathology in the structure of intellectual functions.
Control de la atención en situaciones de competición con deportistas jóvenes
Authors: LLAMES LAVANDERA Rosana
Published: September 2024

In this article, we will work a sample of young athletes used, based on real cases, for performance improvement within the field of applied sport psychology. The aim of the work will improve attention and concentration of athletes in competition, based on very specific targeted interventions, with the objective of enhancing competition in certain specific situations in a very short time Based on the theories and techniques of intervention in attention, reflected in several examples, such as adapting them to real situations of competition and how to solve different problems, taking into account specific needs of each competitive situation. Indeed, the young age of the athletes, in many cases, making it necessary measures “very targeted” the kind that show below. CITE AS:Llames Lavandera, R. (2010). Control de la atención en situaciones de competición con deportistas jóvenes. Apuntes de Psicología, 28, 297-306.
Ensayo clínico de la eficacia de la terapia constructivista-sistémica en casos de violencia contra las mujeres
Authors: GUERRERO GÓMEZ Rafael , GARCÍA MARTÍNEZ Jesús
Published: September 2024

In this article are presented the results of an initial clinical test about the efficacy of a constructivist therapy applied to cases of gender violence. Sample is so small (n7). All the women live in a rural scope and come from a low socioeconomic context. The aim of this work it to sketch the viability of a therapeutic intervention on gender violence based in a constructivist-systemic approach. We are interested in verify if therapy: a) reduces symptoms; b) generates new useful constructs. Symptoms were evaluated with Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory and Derogatis’ Symptoms Check List. Grid Technique was used to assess changes in constructs elaboration. Results confirm a significant reduction of the symptoms and the emergency of more collaborated constructions during post-treatment assessment.
Presentación del número monográfico dedicado a Psicología del Deporte
Authors: PÉREZ CÓRDOBA Eugenio A
Published: September 2024

Sepcial issue presentation CITE AS:Pérez Córdoba, E.A. (2010). Presentación del número monográfico dedicado a Psicología del Deporte. Apuntes de Psicología, 28, 177-179.
Redes de Neuronas Artificiales versus Análisis de Conglomerados: un estudio comparativo en una muestra de niños con espina bífida
Authors: López Jiménez Ana María , García Luna José , Gómez de Terreros Monserrat , García Torres Antonio R.
Published: September 2024

The use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) in data analysis in Psychology is not very frequent, The prevalence of multivariate statistical techniques is evident although the majority of these techniques can be implemented in different architectures of ANN. The lack of studies that show the advantages of certain procedures over others could explain the scarce use of ANN. In this work, we have compared the profiles of the clusters obtained using a non-hierarchical classification algorithm (k-means) and those obtained by means of a competitive net. These two procedures have been applied to a sample of children with spina bifida and who are undergoing treatment at the «Virgen del Rocío» Children's Hospital of Seville.
Adolescencia, grupo de iguales y consumo de sustancias. Un estudio descriptivo y relacional
Authors: SÁNCHEZ QUEIJA María Inmaculada , MORENO RODRÍGUEZ María del Carmen , MUÑOZ TINOCO María Victoria , PÉREZ MORENO Pedro Juan
Published: September 2024

Our aim was to describe how frequently do 15 to 18 year old adolescents attending school engage in certain substance use, and to analyze the correspondence between this use behaviour and types of peers. A questionnaire was answered by 6,821 Spanish boys and girls. This was a representative sample regarding habitat (rural/urban), type of school attended (public or private) and country geographic area. Results show that adolescents who engage in the use of substances which are common within our context (alcohol, tobacco and cannabis) have friends who also engage in this “normative use” behaviour; whereas infrequent substance users (glue, medical drugs, opiates) have friends who not only engage in the use of these substances, but also in antisocial behaviour. Data is discussed arguing that the use of substances which are common in our society has ended up being part of a greater system of rites of passage to adulthood, whereas the use of non frequent substances could be seen as another indicator of a life possibly marked by different problems and adversity.
El jurado popular: estudio descriptivo/exploratorio de un juicio real y decisión no vinculante
Authors: Perles Novas Fabiola , Gómez Jacinto Luis
Published: September 2024

This article deals with the analysis of the main factors influencing the decision of the members of a jury in an experimental trial held in Málaga. This study was carried out in preparation for the introduction of jury-trials in Spanish Courts. The trial atissue was a real case, but the decision ofthe jury was notbinding. This work attempts to analyze the factors that explain the jury's decision. Itis ofa qualitative andexploratory nature. The study has found four different stages: predeliberation, deliberation, postdeliberation and post-trial. The results of the study indicate that the jurors value very highly the intervention of the counsel for the defense. Certain extralegal factors, such as the impression that the accused and the victim make on the members of the jury, also play an important role in the process.
Programa de intervención familiar en esquizofrenia. Dos años de seguimiento del Estatuto de Andalucía
Authors: Muela Martínez José A. , Godoy García Juan F.
Published: September 2024

Following two years of monitoring of the Andalusia study, this article presents the results of a programme of family intervention in schizophrenia based on the reduction of expressed emotion, the reduction of family stress and the increase in relatives” knowledge about schizofrenia. The programme had already showed its effectiveness on a one year follow-up. Twenty five families participated in the present study (an attrition rate of 4% with respect to the first year of monitoring). The relapse rate in the experimental group was 0% versus 40% in the control group. The effectiveness of the programme over the two year period can, therefore, be sustained. The data of this study are compared with those of other family intervention programmes in schizophrenia the report on monitoring over two years.
La investigación cognitiva del síndrome esquizofrénico
Authors: LEMOS GIRÁLDEZ Serafín , VALLINA FERNÁNDEZ Oscar , FERNÁNDEZ IGLESIAS Purificación
Published: September 2024

This review provides a perspective of cognitive disturbances found in schizophrenia and, particularly, of deficits found in several automatic and controlled processes: information filtering, attention and vigilance, concept formation and memory. Several experimental paradigms employed in the study of central executive processes are also described; and, finally, a cognitive model of abnormal behaviours and clinical symptoms of schizophrenia (delusions, disorganization, hallucinations, and the loss of a sense of personal identity) are outlined suggesting that they may be linked to a basic disturbance in comprehensive knowledge or context perception.
Mujer y envejecimiento. Aspectos psicológicos
Authors: Freixas Farré Anna
Published: September 2024

In this paper are analized the psychological aspects which characterize the aging process in women. Also considered are the different transitions (physical, social, familiar, etc.) which have traditionally defined the middle-age of woman, and the transforming role played in these transitions by the female incorporation to the labour market and the affect on women's life derived from a demographical situation characterized by the population's aging.
Psicopatología y misiones espaciales tripuladas
Authors: DE LA TORRE BENÍTEZ Gabriel G , RAMALLO LUNA Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2024

This paper reviews and summarizes the major diagnostic categories in psychopathology in the literature on psychological aspects on the special work environment of human space missions. It details the most common syndromes, as well as the characteristics of some controversial syndromes in the literature such as asthenia. This is a pioneering work in this area in Spanish and provides an overview of this new and important field of research in clinical and experimental psychology to the advancement of the space science. Finally we refer to the implications for mental health and the future long-duration space missions like a mission to Mars. CITE AS:De La Torre Benítez, G.G. & Ramallo Luna, M.A (2010). Psicopatología y misiones espaciales tripuladas. Apuntes de Psicología, 28, 377-389.
Dimensiones estructurales de diseño para la evaluación de programas
Authors: Anguera Argilaga Mª Teresa , Chacón Moscoso Salvador
Published: September 2024

The unstable circumstances of programme evaluation contexts make standard programme evaluation designs practically impossible to provide. The main objective of this papers to describe the structural dimensions of program evaluation designs in order to implement them in a flexible way in different evaluation contexts. These dimensions will try to enhance the scientific validity of the evaluative data obtained, without offering the idea of a series of design structures valid for certain standard situations. The structural dimensions are: clients of the programme, type of data, and recording moments. The combination of these dimensions will justify first, the use of different evaluative designs, and second the implications for studying and neutralizing threats to validity. Design elements will be structured around contents refering to programme conditions, pretest and posttest measures, comparison groups and type of implementation.
La conducta antisocial percibida por adolescentes de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria: frecuencia, contexto y atribución causal
Authors: MARTÍNEZ CRIADO Gerard , GRAS TORNERO Manuel
Published: September 2024

This work is about the importance of the antisocial behaviour (ASB) in the adolescents’ everyday life. A sample of 479 Secondary School students (58,2% girls and 41,8% boys) in their 3rd (48,1%) and 4th (51,9%) academic year, answered a Questionnaire including 23 items. We asked about the occurrence and participation, the most common contexts and the causes attributed in relation to a variety of ASB. Results show that adolescents watched an important amount of ASB, but their direct participation was infrequent. ASB happen in and around the School Centre, and mostly referred to ignore social rules and school works. They generally attributed ASB to internal causes. From an ecological perspective, intervention could be when and where ASB arises.
Estrategias de aprendizaje espacial en la carpa dorada (Carassius auratus).
Authors: López García Juan Carlos , Bingman Verver P. , Vargas Romero Juan Pedro , Broglio Randall Cristina , Gómez Gordillo Yolanda
Published: September 2024

Mammals and birds can use different spatial navigation strategies subserved by distinct learning and memory systems. A range of evidence suggests that, when animals are trained in a test environment where they can simultaneously rely on the spatial relationships among distal landmarks (place strategy) and on a single conspicuos local visual cue (cue strategy) to find a goal, they learn both place and cue strategies to solve the task. However, despite the importance of comparative studies for understanding the structure and function of spatial learning and memory systems in vertebrates, only a few studies have investigated spatial learning mechanisms in other vertebrate groups, such as fish. This experiment was designed to study the spatial strategies used by goldfish to find a goal in a plus maze. Goldfish were trained to find food in an arm placed in a constant room location and simultaneusly signaled by a single local visual cue (mixed place-cue procedure). Later probe trials were performed in order to to examine the relative importance of these sources of information and reveal learning and memory strategies used by the animals to solve the maze task. In these probe trials, either the two sources of information were dissociated in such a way that the goldfish needed to choose between place or guidance responses, or intramaze proximal cues or the extramaze distal landmarks were individually removed. The results suggest that fish, like mammals and birds, are able to solve a maze task using a place strategy ora guidance Strategy, and that these animals can switch from one strategy to another choosing and correctly performing the more adecuate of the two in each situation.
Estrés académico en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: MARTÍN MONZÓN Isabel María
Published: September 2024

Stress is nowadays, a problem to what an increasing attention is being paid. However, academic stress or student’s stress does not receive the sufficient attention in the field of investigation. For that reason, it is tried to study in this work the relation between the level of stress and the examinations in the university students, as well as analyzing the influence of certain health indicators and the students’ self academic opinion. In this study, they have participated 40 students of fourth year of the degrees of Psychology, Economic Sciences, English Literature and Grammar, and Hispanic Literature and Grammar. They were evaluated through two temporary moments that differed in the proximity to the date of the examinations: period without examinations (March) and period withexaminations (June). In general, results show an increase in the level of stress of college students during the period of examinations. They were observed significant differences in the level of stress reached by psychology students with respect to the one reached by hispanic literature and grammar students, during the two periods analyzed. There havebeen also noted health alterations (anxiety, tobacco, caffeine or drug consumptions, dream and food alterations) during the period of presence of the stressor.
Propiedades psicométricas de un instrumento para medir bienestar subjetivo en la población mexicana
Authors: Vera Noriega José Ángel , Tánori Aguilar Blanca Cecilia
Published: September 2024

The objective of the present study was to analyze the psychometric properties of an instrument evaluating subjective well-being. The sample included 1000 subjects divided by age and sex, with 5 groups of 100 men and 100 women of the ages of 14-18, 19-22, 23-30, 31-38 and 39-70, all of whom had been born in the state of Sonora or had at least 6 years of residence. Descriptive analyses were carried out for each item, in order to verify item discrimination, factorial analysis and levels of internal consistency (Cronbach alpha), Student's t test, and Pearson correlation were used. We found 2 dimensions: a) the emotional dimension with six factors, negative emotion (a= 0.90), positive emotion (a= 0.88), positive affect (a= 0.83), negative affect (a= 0,78), negative expressiveness (a= 0.81) and anticipation (a= 0.79); b) the satisfaction dimension with seven factors, i.e. family (a= 0.86), social (a=0.83), friends (a= 0.57), personal (a= 0.81), religion (a= 0.73), government (a= 0.71) and economy (a= 0,54). Correlations between the factors, as well as the analysis of variables such as gender, age, marriage status and occupation. In the variable analysis of gender, we observed that women show more satisfaction with family, religion, friends, government and social factors and they express feelings of affection, happiness, joyousness and love.
Presentación del monográfico sobre Trastornos del Comportamiento
Authors: MORENO GARCÍA Inmaculada
Published: September 2024

Presentation CITE AS:Moreno García, I. (2011). Presentación del monográfico sobre Trastornos del Comportamiento. Apuntes de Psicología, 29, 179-182.
Aplicación de un programa conductual de afrontamiento en pacientes cancerosos
Authors: Saligson Nisenbaum Isaac , Reynoso Erazo Leonardo
Published: September 2024

Cancer patients display a wide variety of behaviours due to the sudden and unexpected nature of their condition. Among them, the inability to handle most situations generated by their disease is a relevant example. Within Health Psycho- logy, these situations are named lifestyle changes. This study applied coping programmes in order to improve or mantain cancer patients quality of life.
There is empirical evidence that points to the possibility of treating coping and/ or problem solving deficits with specific programmes. The programme employs a structured approach based on problem solving strategies and coping skills in order to help cancer patients. Coping emphasizes initially the confrontation or clarifying of the problem, followed by the presentation of alternative behaviours. Patients learn to recognize, confront and solve the disease related problems that he/she will find. We worked with six non metastatic, non hospitalized stomach cancer patients over 12 sessions (once a week, one hour each).
La fenomenología de la comorbilidad del trauma y la psicosis
Authors: VALIENTE-OTS Carmen , VILLAVICENCIO-CARRILLO Patricia , CANTERO-MARTÍNEZ M Dolores
Published: September 2024

Throughout this article we have attempted to show how psychotic disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are not such distinct or apart entities, on the contrary they frequently come together and overlap. A lot of research has indicated that the vital prevalence of PTSD in severe mental illness is quite superior to that of the general population. Some authors has concluded that some people with psychotic symptoms developPTSD due to their own psychotic experience. During many years researches have focused on the relation of trauma with non psychotic syndromes. Nonetheless, in recent years a great interest has been raised on how trauma might precipitate the onset of psychosis. Moreover, there is empirical evidence that points out to the existence of PTSD subtype with psychotic symptomatology. Finally, Morrison, Frame y Larkin (2003) proposed thatpsychosis as well as PTSD represent a continuum of responses of an individual exposed to a traumatic event. The similarities among both disorders indicate that they could form part of a spectrum of post-traumatic responses. However, it is necessary to ascertain why trauma produces a type of symptom or the other. Consequently, the aim of the article is toexamine the nature of the different relations between psychosis and trauma. Additionally, it is to recommend earnestly the introduction of specific protocols and routine inquiries to detect and treat sexual and physical abuse for persons with psychotic disorders.
Adolescencia en positivo
Authors: OLIVA DELGADO Alfredo
Published: September 2024

Editorial
La diversidad familiar en España. Un análisis de su evolución reciente y su aceptación
Authors: Menéndez Álvarez-Dardet Susana
Published: September 2024

Available data on social and demographic changes of Spanish familiesshow that, similarly to countries, our”s is characterized by an increasingdiversity in family structure. The article is a reflection on the need to accept theconcept of family within the notion of diversity. It also summarizes the resultsof different studies that have explored the degree of acceptance of non- traditionalfamilies.
¿Quién es el sujeto en el JEAB?
Authors: VARELA BARRAZA Julio
Published: September 2024

A descriptive analysis of research, published in the JEAB from 1975 to 2005, reveals that an important part of it has developed under the following characteristics: a) The sex of the subjects is not reported or they are largely male b) The age of the animal subjects is often omitted or is approximated. In some cases it is considerably increased because of the experimental periods without any consideration to this. In the case of human beings, age is matched with the subjects’ characteristics, “indicator” of the age. There are no considerations to the effect of experimental variables in relation to age, and c) The naivety or the experimental history of the subjects is sometimes not reported and is rarely part of the findings. Given these characteristics, the need to beware of simplistic and uncritical extrapolation of results of animal research to human behavior, it is exhorted. CITE AS:Varela Barraza, J. (2011). ¿Quién es el sujeto en el JEAB? Apuntes de Psicología, 29, 35-44.
“Si alguien escuchara lo que no sé contar”. Trastorno de conducta y agresividad en la infancia: técnicas de intervención desde una perspectiva constructivista
Authors: GARCIA MARTÍNEZ Jesús , ORELLANA RAMÍREZ M Carmen
Published: September 2024

This paper is centered in a critical analysis of the concept of childhood psychological disorders, with a special emphasis in aggressiveness problems and the disorder that deincludes it as one of the major descriptive symptoms as conduct disorder. In the first part is defended that any psychological disorder always must be conceptualized form an adaptive and functional perspective, but not from a deficit model. In the second part, several different techniques which permit understanding how children construct their own experience are described and how they developed as functional an aggressive behavior from personal construction. In the last part, a multilevel approach including school, family, personal, behavioral and meaning issues is discussed as the better procedure to work with aggressive problems in childhood. CITE AS:Garcia Martínez, J. & Orellana Ramírez, M.C. (2011). “Si alguien escuchara lo que no sé contar”. Trastorno de conducta y agresividad en la infancia: técnicas de intervención desde una perspectiva constructivista. Apuntes de Psicología, 29, 259-278.
Psicología y fútbol profesional: caracterización de un reto pendiente
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ MENDO Antonio , MORALES SÁNCHEZ Verónica
Published: September 2024

The relationship between psychology and football should be reviewed with the aim of achieving an optimal fit. This paper is a review and characterization of the same from the work developed by the author in various professional soccer clubs. This paperalso suggests the outstanding issues to be resolved Psychology and football in their relationship. CITE AS:Hernández Mendo, A. & Morales Sánchez, V. (2010). Psicología y fútbol profesional: caracterización de un reto pendiente. Apuntes de Psicología, 28, 237-261.
Efectos a largo plazo del uso de videojuegos
Authors: Alberto Estalló Juan , Masferrer M. Carme , Aguirre Candibel
Published: September 2024

The increasing use of computer games by children and youths has led to a corresponding concern of researchers and the public in general for their effects on the development and behaviour of these users. Although preliminary studies have not supported hypotheses about the negative effects or addictive profiles related to playing computer games, it has not been possible to carry out research into the long- term effects of continued practice of this activity. The present article describes a study with 321 subjects aged 13 to 33 with a long history of playing with videogames, comparing them to a control group on personality traits, everyday behaviour and cognitive variables.
Relaciones de pareja y juego patológico: un estudio descriptivo a través de la Escala de Ajuste Diádico (DAS)
Authors: Garrido Fernández Miguel , Jaén Rincón Pedro , Dominguez Álvarez Ana Mª
Published: September 2024

Pathological gambling is a psychological disorder known to severely affect the gambler's family environment and, specifically, his/her marital relationship. The article shows the result of a study relating diverse social and demographic variables to marital relationships assessed with Spanier's Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). The results present lower dyadic adjustment for marriages with a pathological gambler. Likewise, certain variables such as age, number of children, and years of marriage seem to influence the subjects perception of dyadic adjustment. Finally, the therapeutic relevance of the results will be discussed.
The Role of Data Analytics in Driving Business Innovation and Economic Growth- A Comparative Study Across Industries
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , Singh Simran , Rehmani Nahid , Kumari Pushpa , Varshini S. Vedha
Published: September 2024

This research paper examines the pivotal role of data analytics in fostering business innovation and economic growth across various industries. Through a comparative analysis of different sectors, including e-commerce, fast food, and social media platforms, we explore how data-driven insights are reshaping business strategies and market dynamics. The study investigates the implementation of big data analytics in small and medium enterprises (SMEs), the growth of the fast-food industry in India, and the utilization of analytics tools across social media platforms. By analysing case studies and industry trends, this paper highlights the transformative impact of data analytics on business performance, customer engagement, and overall economic development
Pengenalan Digital Marketing dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Penjualan Hasil Pertanian di Desa Pasar Lembu Kecamatan Air Joman Kabupaten Asahan Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Siti Ummi Arfah Nasution  , Zulaili Zulaili  , Siti Wardah Pratidina Nst  , Winda Wardhani  , Zakia Heli Maulana
Published: September 2024

The development of information technology has brought changes to people's lives, such as the widespread use of smartphones as a circulating digital communication medium and its very rapid development has an impact on society, especially in supporting business activities both on a large and small scale, one of which is the livelihood sector. The increasingly worrying condition of farmers, coupled with the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in 2020, has brought changes to the business sector, experiencing very drastic changes and decline. Some countries have implemented lockdowns, there are social restrictions and there are regulations on people's life activities not to gather in crowds, especially in buying and selling activities. With the help of this technology, online systems can help business actors to expand networks between businesses that are no longer limited by barriers of time and space. This outreach activity is very beneficial for the community, most of whom are farmers. The material provided can also increase understanding of knowledge and practice of steps to use Facebook or Instagram for product promotion. Through this outreach activity, it is hoped that it can increase awareness of the farming community and MSMEs in Pasar Lembu Village, Air Joman District, Asahan Regency, North Sumatra Province to start practicing using Facebook or Instagram for product promotion.
Implementasi Nilai Islam dalam Pendidikan Toleransi
Authors: Abdusshomad Alwazir
Published: September 2024

Dengan berubahnya zaman, cara hidup dalam masyarakat juga mengalami perubahan. Jika tidak ada pendidikan dasar yang baik, perubahan ini bisa menyebabkan konflik dalam kehidupan berkomunitas. Terlebih lagi di Indonesia yang terdiri dari banyak pulau, perbedaan suku, agama, ras, dan adat istiadat menjadi hal yang umum. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji prinsip-prinsip toleransi yang terdapat dalam nilai-nilai Islam dan memperoleh pemahaman tentang cara penerapannya. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan mengakses data melalui metode library research. Proses pengumpulan data dalam studi ini dilakukan dengan membaca dan menganalisis buku, jurnal, majalah, berita online, serta sumber-sumber lain yang memiliki relevansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperlukan suatu mekanisme untuk menyatukan masyarakat Indonesia yang beragam, misalnya dengan mengajarkan sikap toleransi sejak dini melalui pendidikan karakter di lembaga pendidikan. Dengan menerapkan pendidikan karakter mengajarkan sikap toleransi, konflik antar kelompok dapat diantisipasi dan persatuan bangsa Indonesia tetap terjaga. Nilai-nilai islam dalam toleransi pada pendidikan karakter diantaranya dengan pemahaman tentang tauhid, keadilan dan kesetaraan, persaudaraan dan kerukunan dan teladan dari Rasulullah SAW