bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Administrative Responsibility in the Field of Genetic Engineering in Germany
Authors: Standzon L. V.
Published: August 2020

At the present stage of development, genetic engineering is characterized by ambiguous achievements. For its further development, it seems necessary to study the legislation establishing administrative responsibility in the specified sphere of public relations. The analysis of the German legislation in the field of genetic engineering made it possible to reveal the features of administrative responsibility for committing administrative offenses. The author defines the features of the institute of administrative responsibility in the field of genetic engineering in Germany from the point of view of their development and consolidation in the legislation on administrative offenses. The main types of administrative offenses in the field of genetic engineering in Germany are considered. Particular attention is given to administrative penalties applied for violation of the legislation on genetic engineering. Based on the analysis of the regulatory regulation of administrative responsibility in the field of genetic engineering, possible areas for further improvement of administrative responsibility in Germany are identified. The variety of violations in the field of genetic engineering makes it possible to conclude that it is necessary to expand and consolidate new types of administrative offenses in the legislation on administrative responsibility.
About the transition of typhus microorganisms from the mother to the fetus.
Authors: Brandt A.
Published: August 2020

The author, studying a fresh fetus born of a typhoid mother, wants to confirm Eberth's view that microorganisms that enter the blood of fetuses born from typhoid mothers are indeed the real typhoid bacillus, and not some or any other saprophyte.
Three cases of complications after incorrectly produced vaginal douching in healthy women.
Authors: Kinast R.
Published: August 2020

The author describes from his practice three cases of painful phenomena that developed after vaginal douching.
To the normal and pathological anatomy of the cervix.
Authors: Voff I.
Published: August 2020

The female genital organs in the continuation of all life and until death are subject to constant changes. Mllerian passages, which are at first solid, dense, become hollow with further development, by the end of the 2nd month, the septum between them in the lower part disappears and the vagina and uterus develop, between how the upper part turns into tubes; only in a 5-month-old fetus is it possible to differentiate the uterus from the vaginal canal - the vaginal part is formed; the cervix at this time is very long and wide, the body of the uterus is small and narrow; in a newborn, the uterus is already well developed relative to the vaginal part.
Two ovariotomies
Authors: Hermonius A.
Published: August 2020

The author cites the history of two ovarianotomies, delivered to them in the Oryol provincial zemstvo hospital, where seven ovaryotomies were made in total - all with success. The interest of these cases lies in the need for the zemstvo doctor to adapt the given situation and means to the conditions of the case ..
To casuistic ovarіotomy in zemstvo practice
Authors: Zabolotsky A.
Published: August 2020

The author at the Nikolskaya Zemstvo Hospital (Vologda Province), in an extremely unfavorable situation, thanks to a strict antiseptic, performed an operation of an ovaryotomy, which gave an excellent result, on a 34-year-old patient who began to menstruate 18 years right, she got married 19 years old, gave birth 2 times and in the last time 4 years before the day. Soon after the birth, the patient covered up on the right a swelling the size of a fist, and the regulators began to get confused and come in 2-6 months.
New data on the treatment of female diseases ichthyol
Authors: Massen V.
Published: August 2020

The author reports, first of all, about two brilliant cases of successful use of ichthyolom when suffering from appendages. In one case (patient 30 years old) there was a chronic, right-sided parametritis of a moderate degree, very hard, partly performing the posterior Douglas the remainder of the posterior perimetric effusion and metritis colli. After long-term sucking treatment (tampons with a solution of iodistago calium in glycerin, lubrication of the iodom, sitz bath) had a very negligible effect, treatment with ichthyol was carried out. After 3 months, the exudate of the posterior fornix was completely absorbed, the right lig. latum became free, the cervix decreased in size. Remains of perimetric effusion disappeared after a course of baths in Kreuznach, and dysmenorrhoid phenomena were eliminated from the part of the uterine cervix. At the present time, the patient after 10 years of infertility is on the 2nd month of pregnancy.
Inflammation and retention of fallopian tube cysts
Authors: Slavyanskiy K. F.
Published: August 2020

By the name of retention cysts of the fallopian tube, we mean a more or less significant accumulation of this or that fluid in the cavity of the canal with its existing obstruction, at any place of its length.
Causes of septic postnatal diseases. - Antiseptic. Asepsis
Authors: Fisher A.
Published: August 2020

The author, who read a whole repetitive course for midwives in the past academic year, published a revised brochure containing his lectures on the ethiology of septic post-natal diseases and about the fight against them. Finding it quite rightly that learning to apply the anti-rotten method is possible only in a practical way, and not out of a theoretical presentation, the author set himself the task, if not to teach his listeners, then at least to convince them of the meaning of antiseptics, for which he focuses on the history in some detail. emergence and further development, because from this story, in his own words, "the need for antiseptics follows as the only possible conclusion."
The absence of a part of the genital organs in two sisters
Authors: Kinast R.
Published: August 2020

The author had to simultaneously see two sisters of peasants who turned to him for medical advice due to the improper development of the genital organs.
Acute case of retroflexio uteri, accompanied by symptoms of shock
Authors: Rutnovskiy A.
Published: August 2020

The author happened to observe an extremely rare case of acute throwing back of the uterus with very severe concomitant phenomena. The patient is 39 years old, the size of the pelvis is normal, menses are always strengthened, gave birth to 9 times, threw out 1 time two weeks before the described case. The author has known this patient for a long time - after a miscarriage, the uterus was poorly involvated, its position is extremely unstable: now retroversio, now anteflexio.
A case of radical cure of posterior uterus inflection by ventrotixatio surgery
Authors: Fisher A.
Published: August 2020

M.M., 31 years old, the wife of an official, was admitted to the clinic of Professor G.E. Rein with complaints of general weakness, nervous disorders, headaches, dizziness, palpitations, constant pain in the abdomen and lower back, significantly increasing during regulation and each tension, pain during copulation, constipation and pain during bowel movement, frequent urge and pain during urination; comes from a consumptive family; In childhood, she suffered from scrofula, an English disease, anemia and pains; at the 15th year she suffered measles, at the 17th - pneumonia; the first month - in the 11th year, very profuse, with severe pains, lasted 7 days; the second - after 2 years, of the same nature; after 16 years, the correct menstruation was established, after 4 weeks for 7 days. She was married twice; in a month after entering the first marriage (husband suffered from overfusion) had an early (2 weeks) miscarriage, 6 weeks old; the second husband suffered from syphilis and transfusion and was relatively impotent; since this time, the patient's suffering has increased significantly; The used doctors determined that she had an abnormal position of the uterus. Upon admission to the clinic, retroflexio uteri fixata, oophoritis et salpingitis duplex (pelveoperitonitis) were found. Applied during the month of treatment (rest, warming compresses, scarification of the vaginal part, idoform in balls, etc.), as well as repeated attempts to correct the position of the uterus without result; in view of this, it was decided to perform a ventrofixatio uteri retroflexi fixati operation (hysteropexia abdominalis anterior. Ref.), moreover, that at the same time it was possible to produce salpingotomy.
About cutting the Fallopian tubes and ovaries
Authors: Voff I.
Published: August 2020

With this operation, it is mainly in view of the removal of the diseased Fallopian tube; the ovary is removed in this case only in those cases, when it is also sick or when it is impossible to separate it from the pipe due to adhesions. This operation differs from a simple ovaryotomy, that with it they always find very abundant adhesions, of varying density and sometimes enormous bleeding when they are separated; fresh adhesions are easily separated, give great bleeding, which by itself soon stops due to vascular collapse; old adhesions are sometimes separated only with tremendous labor, give a slight bleeding, but which does not stop on its own, since the vessels in the thick cicatricial cords do not collapse, and therefore the author combines in the most careful way to chop and bandage them.
Experimental research on the origin of adhesions in the abdominal cavity after operations
Authors: Aleksenko N.
Published: August 2020

Fusion of intestines and omentum after surgery, mainly with an abdominal wound, is a frequent phenomenon, proven by a number of clinical observations during repeated operations in the same subjects. Meanwhile, the question of the reasons for such a phenomenon, despite attempts to experimentally resolve it (Snger, Dembowski, Kelterborn), remains open to this day. According to the opinion of the last mentioned authors, the main cause of adhesions in the abdominal cavity after operations is infection, the accretion of the omentum to the middle line is caused by the release of air and the local inflammatory process; further - sloughing of the epithelium and scars of the peritoneum in uncomplicated cases do not give adhesions, ligatures in the abdominal cavity for the most part also do not cause adhesions, but show a tendency to encapsulate.
Análisis de causas de ineficiencias en servicio al cliente
Authors: Alarcón Mendoza Valentina , Sarmiento Campo Wendy , Mejía Quiñones Jaime , Castaño Álvarez Álvaro , Troncoso Palacio Alexander
Published: August 2020

En toda compañía es fundamental brindar un buen servicio de calidad a sus clientes, debido a que eso la mantendrá posesionada en los primeros lugares dentro de su sector, también es muy importante resolver todas las peticiones, quejas y reclamos de los usuarios para poder satisfacer sus necesidades, pero cuando se incrementan las quejas y reclamos por un deficiente servicio se hace necesario intervenirlas. Por ello se realizó este estudio, el cual se desarrolló en una empresa donde se tienen unos estándares de atención a usuarios de 8 minutos cada uno

Con base al análisis del diagrama de Ishikawa, se puede notar que las causas de mayor incidencia tienen en la deficiente atención que se les presta a algunos usuarios, son la falta de entrenamiento y las pocas personas en los puestos asignados

Mediante las herramientas de calidad se realizó un proceso de recolección de datos y estudio de posibles causas, con la ayuda del diagrama de causa y efecto se identificó que la causa con más incidencia es la ausencia del personal y falta de capacitación, con las Cartas de Control (por variables o por atributos) se evidenció que se cumplen los estándares de calidad establecidos en el tiempo de espera pero el proceso no se encuentra estable y posteriormente con la Capacidad de Proceso se evidenció que la empresa no cumple con las especificaciones establecidas.
Incidencia en las ventas de una empresa de Telecomunicaciones en la ciudad de Barranquilla
Authors: Camargo Rey Gloria , Troncoso Palacio Alexander
Published: August 2020

En el presente artículo se analiza por medio de la herramienta de la calidad Diagrama de Ishikawa cuales serían las consecuencias del asilamiento preventivo originado por la pandemia COVID-19 en la calidad referente al servicio de atención al cliente y ventas de una empresa de comunicaciones; el análisis se realiza también con ayuda del método de las 5 “M” donde se establece los factores que más se ven afectados por la situación de salud pública; en consecuencia se buscan alternativas para solventar estas situación sin que se vea afectada la calidad del servicio prestado en el área de ventas de una empresa de telecomunicaciones. Además, identificar las afectaciones que trae una situación de aislamiento preventivo o cuarentena en la calidad del servicio ofrecido en el área de ventas de una empresa de telecomunicaciones, teniendo en cuenta los principales factores que influyen en el servicio.
Capacidad de Proceso: Una herramienta de decisión Empresarial en el armado de vallas metálicas
Authors: Navarro Navarro Cristian , Gutiérrez Adelina , Sarmiento Esteban , Troncoso Palacio Alexander
Published: August 2020

Debido a las frecuentes fluctuaciones económicas que enfrentan las pequeñas empresas del sector metalmecánico, algunas se vuelven insostenibles y otras tienden a desaparecer. Por lo cual, en este documento, se mide la aptitud que tiene un proceso de producción de avisos luminosos con estructuras metálicas, para cumplir con las especificaciones técnicas deseadas. Con la utilización de esta herramienta, se puede medir la capacidad de un proceso, para conocer si es necesario implementar mejoras al sistema tendientes a cumplimiento de los pedidos realizados y a la satisfacción de los clientes, con lo cual se podrá mantener la calidad de la organización y la calidad en la fabricación de los productos, además sirve como aporte a la literatura de este sector industrial.
COVID - 19 - a New Challenging Disease for Intensivists and Cardiologists. From Basic Science to the Clinical Setting
Authors: Skalik Robert
Published: August 2020

A novel coronavirus causing Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) has been considered the cause of a large number of lower respiratory tract infections leading to severe respiratory failure in many cases. However, the evidence-based hospital reports show that the COVID -19 infestation may range from an asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic course with an almost bizarre deterioration of life parameters (“silent hypoxia”) through to critically ill patients with multiple organ failure including that of the lungs, kidneys, nervous system and other organs. Moreover, this coronavirus disease may cause significant lung damage in asymptomatic COVID-19 positive patients who recover at home.The virus enters through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor (ACE2) widely expressed in the cardiovascular system and other organs and tissues, which can result in myocardial injury, myocarditis, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmias, brain stroke, acute pleuritis, pneumonia and venous thromboembolic events. COVID -19 - induced failure of some central mechanisms controlling breathing and the circulation may explain the mismatch between the clinical symptoms and the objective physiologic life parameters in many patients treated by intensivists or cardiologists. The severity of coronavirus disease is dependent on numerous factors including the magnitude of the host immune response, the impairment of central and peripheral nervous system, age, co-morbidities (e.g. diabetes, arterial hypertension, obesity, chronic heart failure) and presumably genetic proclivity. A brand-new treatment approach with use of alternative or experimental therapies such us Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO), plasmapheresis, proinflammatory interleukins - targeted drugs, covalescent plasma transfusion, virus replication inhibitors is obviously needed in some COVID-19 patients.
ESTUDIO DE LA MOTIVACIÓN DE LOS ACTOS ADMINISTRATIVOS DISCRECIONALES
Authors: Todaro Murgas Zoraida Rosa , Maldonado Donado , Bermejo Galán Jaime Camilo
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo crítico consiste en el estudio de la motivación de los actos administrativos discrecionales, frente a la vulneración de principios y derechos constitucionales de las personas que declaran insubsistente. La constitución política de Colombia prevé los empleos públicos de libre nombramiento y remoción, cuya situación es completamente distinta a los de carrera, para estos la vinculación, permanencia y retiro de sus cargos depende de la voluntad discrecional del nominador del gasto, quien goza de cierta discrecionalidad para decidir libremente sobre estos, pero esta discrecionalidad no es absoluta y tiene sus limitantes en la constitución política y jurisprudencias.
Empowerment of Farmer Women Groups Through Optimization of the Yard Through the SFHA System
Authors: Prayudi Adi , Musyadar Achmad , Azhar Azhar
Published: August 2020

Potential land area in Indonesia covers 10.3 million hectares while in Indramayu District especially Lelea District the land area reaches 610.21 hectares (BPS Data, 2018). With this SFHA model, there is hope that national food security and independence can be created starting at the household level. This study aims to analyze the empowerment of women farmer groups and factors related to the empowerment of women farmer groups through optimization of the plot of land with the SFHA system and formulate an appropriate strategy for planning the empowerment of women farmer groups through optimization of the plot of land through the SFHA system. The study was conducted in Lelea District, Indramayu Regency, West Java Province. in March to June 2020. The research sample is 63 farmer women who are members of the farmer women's group who have implemented the SFHA program. The sample is determined using quota sampling based on the activeness of group members. The research variables consisted of the characteristics of farmers, environment, government support, the role of extension workers, facilities and infrastructure. Primary data collection using instruments in the form of questionnaires. Data were processed using descriptive statistical analysis techniques and Spearman's Rank correlation and Kendall'W analysis. The results of research on the empowerment of farmer women groups through optimization of the yard through the SFHA system are in the medium category with a percentage of 68.3%. Factors related to the empowerment of farm women groups through the optimization of the yard through the SFHA environment system. Government support, facilities and infrastructure, and the role of extension workers. The strategy used in the empowerment of farm women groups by increasing the skills of women farmers in choosing cropping patterns and commodities in the yard.
Policy Implementation: Study on the Case of Protection of Women and Children in Makassar City
Authors: Saenab Saenab , Hamsinah Hamsinah
Published: August 2020

This study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of protection policies for  women and children in Makassar City. This study uses a qualitative design and case study strategy to explain the implementation of policies for protecting women and children in the Makassar City of Makassar. Data collection techniques used were observation, depth-interviews, and documentation. The data processing technique used is data reduction through data categorization and classification. Based on the results of research on the implementation of policies on the protection of women and children in the Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection, Makassar City is still not optimal. This is caused by the accuracy of the budget allocation, even though it is in accordance with the program prepared but not yet in accordance with the existing budgetary needs. Internal public support, especially community shelters, is still low and depends on the operational budget of the operational budget of the APBD, another weakness lies in the ability of the executive officer to evaluate the community shelter who are not active and the ability to convince the private sector and donor agencies. It is recommended to strengthen the institutions responsible for implementing policies on the protection of women and children, especially P2TP2A, TRC and community shelters in the form of budget availability, supporting facilities and technical authority in collaboration and innovation.
Prepare for Service Improvement in Children's Education
Authors: Sunaryo Ilham
Published: August 2020

Every human child begins their education from within the family because there is no one in this world who is not born into a family. Long before there was a formal educational institution called a school, the family had existed as an institution that played an important role in serving children's education, namely as the laying of the main foundation. Starting from the family each child learns many things, starting from how to interact with others, expressing opinions, how to behave, to how to embrace certain values as principles in living life. Additionally, broadly speaking, among scientists, especially observers of children's and family education, both at the local, national, and world level, strongly emphasizes their attention on preschooll children's education, especially when still in the care, and guidance of parents. They are, because of the patterns of life and tolerance exemplified by their family environment are the most decisive for children's education at the beginning of their social life with citizens and their environment. This paper introduces various articles which are grouped in thematic issues about preparing for improved services in children's education, and aspects that influence the success of education from an early age. In it presents an overview of various problem, and research work that is recognized in the field of child education services, as a material for deep reflection on complex problems in the world of child education
Inclusive Education: Planning Process in Primary School 20 Mataram
Authors: Susanti Dian Eka , Ramdani Agus , Setiadi Dadi
Published: August 2020

The aim of the study was to describe the planning of inclusive education programs in primary school 20 of Mataram. The study used a qualitative approach and was conducted at Elementary School 20 Mataram. Data sources used are primary data and secondary data. The data validity test in this study includes the credibility, reliability, and validity tests. The results showed that the planning carried out by Elementary School 20 Mataram was carried out by establishing an annual work program with student activities for a year, including students with special needs, these activities include identification and evaluation of students at the time of registration of new students, meetings of routine parents of children with special needs and schools, class promotion meetings, extracurricular exercises, training of managers of children with special needs, the composition of individual learning programs.
Comparison of Dhimmah and Asset in French Jurisprudence and Law
Authors: Ranjbar Abdollah , Sadat-Hosseini Seyed Hossein
Published: August 2020

Reference of jurisprudential texts to religion brings to mind the religious right and the obligation to resemble with divisions of law in France. In the legal system of Islam, dhimmah (treaty or obligation) have been extensively used along ages and in different fields. On the contrary, in the classical law and French law, the title "Patrimoine" (asset or property) is used throughout the commitments. In the religious law, a person who is called a creditor or promisee has direct rights over another person who is called debtor or promisor. Since debt is directly related to individuals’ obligations, so to identify exact meaning and concept of religious or individual right, it is necessary to examine its execution which is the very dhimmah in jurisprudence or the property and obligation mentioned by Arab and French lawyers. In spite of the similarities between these two terms, there is no comparable capability between the dhimmah and the asset; for the term dhimma is not compatible with the term "Patrimoine" (asset); hence, in this article, these two terms are to be conceptualized and compared.
The Implementation of Prudential Principles in Liquiding Credit Using Covernote Notary
Authors: Putri Mega Kurnia , Dewantara Reka , Aju Wisnu Diah
Published: August 2020

The problems that often occur when using a notary Covernote in this credit agreement, until during the process of Proprietary certificates issuance and binding of the rights of liabilities has not been completed. In contrast, the credit has been disbursed to the customer debtor and the credit was stuck, or the debtor customer has tort. This condition certainly causes the bank not to execute the credit guarantee that could result in losses from the bank. The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of prudence principles in the process of disbursement of credit conducted by PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Bojonegoro Branch by using notary Covernote and analyzing the legal consequences of application of prudence principle in the use of notary cover note in the process of disbursement of credit conducted by PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Bojonegoro Branch. The study used an empirical and sociological juridical approach. The data sources in this study through Library Research and field research and the data used are primary data and secondary data. The sample in this study is all employees of PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Bojonegoro Branch Office. The results of this study showed that the constraints encountered in the application of prudence principles on the use of notary Covernote as the basis of disbursement of credit, among others: in terms of juridical, the arrangement on covernotes used as a condition of disbursement of financing has not existed either in the law, government regulations, Bank Indonesia regulation, and in the form of a memorandum of understanding. Covernote is arising based on the habit so that the bank that determines the use of covernote can be a factor that affects the implementation of the principle of banking prudence if each party does not understand clearly about the existence of the related covernote binding collateral. In terms of Non-juridical, the constraints encountered are influenced by the factors of law enforcement, facilities and facility, and socio-economic factors of society and culture.
Clinical and microbial characterization of toxigenic Clostridium difficile isolated from antibiotic associated diarrhea in Egypt
Authors: G. Elgendy Sherein , A. Aly Sherine , Fathy Rawhia , Deaf Enas A.E. , Abu Faddan Naglaa H. , Abdel Hameed Muhamad R.
Published: August 2020

Background and Objectives: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has become a significant healthcare-associated infection throughout the world and is particularly important in developing countries. This study aimed to investigate clinical characterization and risk factors related to toxigenic C. difficile infection in adult and pediatric patients, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Also, to evaluate different diagnostic methods for rapid detection of C. difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) in Egypt.
Materials and Methods: Stool samples were collected from 95 pediatric patients and 37 adult patients suffering from antibiotic associated diarrhea and were subjected to direct toxin immunoassay and culture on cycloserine/cefoxitin/fructose agar. The presence of tcdA and tcdB genes was tested by PCR.
Results: Toxigenic C. difficile was isolated from pediatric and adult patients at a rate of 17.89% (17/95) and 27% (10/37) respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of direct PCR from stool are (100%, 100% and 82.4%, 100%) in adult and pediatric samples respectively. The susceptibility of C. difficile to vancomycin and metronidazole were found to be 66.7% and 48.2% respectively.
Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus, prior antibiotic treatment, hematological malignancy on chemotherapy, malnutrition, neutropenia and Ryle feeding are risk factors for development of CDAD. Tight restriction of unnecessary antibiotic uses is necessary in our locality. Direct detection of toxin genes in stool by PCR is sensitive and specific method for early detection of C. difficile.
Genome sequence and annotation of Streptomyces tendae UTMC 3329, acid and alkaline tolerant actinobacterium
Authors: Eftekharivash Lida , Hamedi Javad
Published: August 2020

Background and Objectives: Streptomyces tendae is one of the most prolific actinobacteria with a wide range of biotechnological applications. Genomic data can help in better understanding and exploration of important microorganisms, however, there is a few genomic information available for this species.
Materials and Methods: Molecular identification, pH and salt tolerance of an actinobacterium, designated Streptomyces tendae UTMC 3329, isolated from a tea field soil were done. Also, genomic DNA was extracted and sequenced using Illumina platform with MPS (massively parallel sequencing) Illumina technology. Gene annotation and bioinformatic analysis were done using appropriate software and servers.
Results: The draft genome is ~8.7 megabase pairs, containing 7557 predicted coding sequences. The strain was able to grow at pH 5-12 and 0-10% NaCl. The maximum growth rate of the bacterium was obtained at pH 7. The gene clusters involved in central carbon metabolism, phosphate regulation, transport system, stress responses were revealed. It was shown the presence of gene clusters of polyketides, ribosomally and non-ribosomally synthesized peptides. Various genes were found in xenobiotic degradation pathways and heavy metal resistance.
Conclusion: The current genomic information which reveals biological features, as well as the biotechnological potential of this acid and alkaline tolerant actinobacterium, can be implemented for further research on the species.
Intensive Care Unit Risk Assessment: A Systematic Review
Authors: HOMAUNI Abbas , ZARGAR BALAYE JAME Sanaz , HAZRATI Ebrahim , MARKAZI-MOGHADDAM Nader
Published: August 2020

Background: It is of paramount importance to reduce the probability of clinical risks to improve the quality of health care services, make the relationship between service providers and patients more effective, enhance patient satisfaction, and decrease the rate of complaints regarding medical errors in hospitals. This study aimed at detecting potential and unacceptable risks occurring in the hospital ICUs.
Methods: In this systematic review, all studies examining the risk assessment of ICUs in hospitals using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis method were reviewed. Google scholar, PubMed, Scopus, SID, Magiran and Web of Science databases were searched to find relevant articles published from 1980 to 2019.
Results: The most frequent failures detected in the reviewed articles consisted of high risk of infection inwards for medical and nursing operations, high infection rates inwards for medical devices’ operation within the unit, and early discharge. Moreover, the processes through which potential high-risk Failures were examined in these studies were injection or prescription process, suction process, the process of inserting or removing endotracheal tubes, the process of transferring patients from the operation room to the unit or vice versa, pressure ulcers, and processes related to the medical devices’ operation.
Conclusion: There are many possible reasons for failure occurring throughout these processes, and the failure modes occurring in these processes are more probable to cause serious damages to patients, have high repeatability with low probability of failure detection as the failures cannot be discovered by the personnel.
Infertile Women’s Opinion Concerning Gestational Surrogacy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: MUSAVI Sanaz , MASHHADI ABDOLAHI Hossein , GHOJAZADEH Morteza , ABBASALIZAD FARHANGI Mahdieh , NIKNIAZ Zeinab , NIKNIAZ Leila
Published: August 2020

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis of the observational studies aimed at evaluating the infertile women’s attitude toward gestational surrogacy.
Methods: Published studies until Jan 2019 were searched using PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, Proquest and Google scholar, MagIran, SID and IranMedex. Studies in English or Persian language surveyed attitudes toward surrogacy for infertile women published until Jan 2019. Animal studies and studies with poor methodological quality were excluded from the review.
Results: Six eligible studies including 1359 infertile women were identified. Of these, 559 and 742 women agreed and disagreed with surrogacy respectively. The overall event rate of positive attitude for surrogacy in infertile women was %39.7 (%95 CI=24.5 to 57.1, P=0.245).
Conclusion: The infertile women’s attitude toward surrogacy is not strongly positive. We believe, more studies should be conducted among different socioeconomic, religious and cultural groups.
Adherence to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Statement in Observational Studies Published in Iranian Medical Journals
Authors: SHAGHAGHIAN Soheila , ASTANEH Behrooz
Published: August 2020

Background: Although much medical knowledge comes from observational research, such studies are more prone to confounding and bias than others. This study was conducted to evaluate the adherence of the observational studies published in Iranian medical journals to the STROBE (strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology) statement.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we selected 150 articles of Iranian medical journals, using multistage sampling from Aug 2016 to Jun 2017. The reported items of the STROBE statement in the articles was determined and considered as the adherence of the articles to the statement. The adherence of the articles with different characteristics was compared.
Results: The adherence of the articles to the statement varied from 24% to 68% with a mean score of 48%±9%. The lowest mean scores were found in the Result (36%) and Method (49%) sections. The adherence was significantly better in the articles published in the journals indexed in PubMed or Web of Knowledge (ISI) databases (P<0.001) and those written by cooperation of the authors from other countries (P=0.044).
Conclusion: The evaluated articles in our study had not adequately reported the items recommended by the STROBE statement. This indicates deficiency in key elements for readers to assess the validity and applicability of a study.
The Effects of Resveratrol Treatment on Bcl-2 and Bax Gene Expression in Endometriotic Compared with Non-Endometriotic Stromal Cells
Authors: KOLAHDOUZ-MOHAMMADI Roya , DELBANDI Ali-Akbar , KHODAVERDI Sepideh , AREFI Soheila , ARABLOU Tahereh , SHIDFAR FarzadSHIDFAR
Published: August 2020

Background: We aimed to examine resveratrol effects on gene expression of Bcl-2, Bax and Bcl-2/Bax ratio in endometrial stromal cells derived from women with and without endometriosis.
Methods: Endometrial tissues were obtained from 40 endometriotic patients and 15 non-endometriotic controls undergoing laparoscopic surgery or hysterectomy in the gynecology ward of Rassoul Akram Hospital, Tehran, Iran from 2015 to 2017. After the enzymatic digestion, eutopic (EuESCs) and ectopic (EESCs) endometrial stromal cells from patients with endometriosis as well as endometrial stromal cells from non-endometriotic controls (CESCs) were treated with or without resveratrol (100 µM) and the levels of Bcl-2, Bax and Bcl-2/Bax gene expression ratio in the cells from all origins were examined at 6, 24 and 48 h post-treatment by real-time PCR.
Results: Resveratrol treatment increased Bcl-2 expression in CESCs at 24 and 48 h and in EuESCs at 48 h (P<0.05), but had no significant effects on the expression of this gene in EESCs. On the other hand, resveratrol treatment increased Bax expression in EuESCs at 6 h and decreased its expression in EESCs at 48 h (P<0.05). Regarding the Bcl-2/Bax gene expression ratio, resveratrol treatment increased Bcl-2/Bax gene expression ratio in CESCs and EuESCs at 48 h (P<0.01). However, this treatment had no significant differential effect on Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax gene expression ratio between CESCs and EuESCs at 48 h.
Conclusion: Resveratrol treatment significantly increased Bcl-2/Bax gene expression ratio in EuESCs and CESCs but had no significant effect in EESCs.
Evaluation of the Human Health Risk of Wild Edible Mushrooms Consumption from Batak Mountain, Bulgaria
Authors: IVANOVA MiroslavaIVANOVA , DOSPATLIEV Lilko , GRIGOROVA Denitsa , PAPAZOV Penko
Published: August 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
The Prevalence and Extent of Molar-Incisor Hypo-Mineralization by Gender in a Group of Iranian Children
Authors: Bahrololoomi Zahra , Amrollahi Narjes , Mostafaloo Nasrin
Published: August 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Technology-Based Solutions to Improve Management of COVID-19: A Call for More Utilization in Iran
Authors: HASSANIAZAD Mehdi , GHAZISAEED Marjan , BANIASADI Tayebeh
Published: August 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Evaluation of acquisition and storage of food under the Ghana school feeding programme in the Wa and Cape Coast cities
Authors: Bigson Kate , Essuman Edward Ken , Otoo Gifty Serwaa , Nsor-Atindana John
Published: August 2020

This research was designed to evaluate how foodstuffs are acquired and stored prior to meal preparation under the Ghana School Feeding Program in Wa and Cape Coast schools. A crosssectional and descriptive survey research design was used in the study. A purposive and simple random sampling technique was employed in selecting 120 participants computed with Graph pad prism version 16, statistical software. Information was obtained using questionnaire, observation and unstructured interview instruments. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science software version 22. Findings revealed that most schools did not have food storage places. This situation may force kitchen staff to keep the food ingredients in their homes and bring them when they need. Kitchens were mostly shed and firewood was mostly used as cooking fuel. It was observed that some of the caterers bought some food ingredients from hawkers who found their ways to the school compounds. Almost all the kitchen staff (97.3% for Wa and 100.0% for Cape Coast) buy from the open market and not the farm gate. This has resulted in food insecurity in some of the regions. Owing to the findings, it was recommended that government should enact policies for all caterers to buy directly from the farm gate at cheaper prices; designated and well-built kitchens, as well as dining rooms, be provided for schools.
Determination of histamine in canned tuna fish available in Tehran market by ELISA method
Authors: Sadeghi Naficeh , Behzad Masoomeh , Jannat Behrooz , Oveisi Mohammad Reza , Hajimahmoodi Mannan , Mozafazri Mohammad
Published: August 2020

Histamine is one of the well-known biogenic amines and responsible for causing allergic reactions. The presence of biogenic amines in the foodstuff is harmful, if it enters in a large amount to blood. In sea-food products, due to lack of proper storage at appropriate temperatures (freezing), histamine may be formed and will remain in the product, since it is already dry and heat resistance. Hazard of histamine consumption and average amount of canned fish consumed worldwide makes histamine measurement in canned fish very important. In this study 56 samples from 22 different brands were assessed and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used by spectrophotometry for histamine detection. Our study showed that histamine levels in canned fish available in Tehran market, though it is high (5.75±5.98 mg/100 g tuna), but is not in a hazardous state (p<0.01). Our research showed that lowest and highest histamine concentration were 2.14 ±0.17 and 21.69±0.11 mg/100 g of fish respectively. It also indicates that medium does not affect the histamine content. There were no significant differences in the samples of fish and tuna fish for histamine. The amount of histamine in the tuna was below the standard limit (<50 mg histamine/100 g). Further studies should be carried out to investigate the presence of histamine in various fish and other sea-food.
Apreciaciones sobre el shock en obstetricia
Authors: Angulo Rodríguez Luis
Published: August 2020

Todas estas denominaciones tiene el síndrome de insuficien­cia circulatoria, cuando el corazón no es la causa primitiva del proceso y en el que el mecanismo básico, es la desproporción entre el volumen de sangre circulante y el diámetro del lecho vascular. Las escuelas norteamericanas hacen una división, en rela­ción con la intensidad y forma de aparición, y así llaman colapso o shock primario a la insuficiencia circulatoria periférica repen­tina y de corta duración, y shock verdadero o shock secundario a la insuficiencia circulatoria periférica prolongada, asignándole a parece una división más que todo didáctica, ya que los términos colapso y shock son indivisibles en su concepto, toda vez que no son sino insuficiencia circulatoria periférica esencialmente, siendo hasta el presente un síndrome complejo e incompletamente com­prendido y estudiado clínicamente
Inversión uterina aguda Reporte de un caso
Authors: Pachón Ortíz J. Agustín
Published: August 2020

En el diagnóstico diferencial del shock obstétrico, así como en el de las hemorragias del alumbramiento y del post-partum, es necesario tener en cuenta la inversión uterina aguda, que, siendo una entidad rara, es una causa importante tanto de hemorragia como de shock.
Estado actual del tratamiento carcinoma del ovario
Authors: Rueda G. Ricardo
Published: August 2020

El cáncer del ovario se presenta con una frecuencia mayor de la que habitualmente se cree, pero su existencia ha sido subestimada como resultado de la incidencia mayor de otros cánceres del aparato genital femenino tales como los carcinomas del cuerpo y del cuello uterinos. Además. el tratamiento activo del carcinoma del ovario se ve en la mayoría de los casos demorado, ya que este órgano está profundamente situado en la pelvis, sin contacto inmediato con alguno otro. cuya función pueda trastornarse fácilmente. llegando en esta forma a estados muy avanzados sin que su presencia se manifieste.
Ginecopatias tumorales en la niñez
Authors: Valencia Piedrahíta Guillermo
Published: August 2020

El material humano motivo de nuestro estudio lo obtuvimos en el Hospital de San Juan de Dios. Instituto Nacional de Cancerología  y  en el Hospital de La Misericordia. instituciones todas de esta ciudad; en la revisión de 1.533 exámenes histológicos  -con dos casos hallados- de la estadística particular del distinguido patólogo Egon Lichtenberger, un caso de clientela privada del profesor Arturo Aparicio Jaramillo, otro caso de clientela privada del profesor Guillermo López Escobar y,  por último, un caso de referencia personal del doctor Eduardo Acosta Bendek, de Barranquilla, y  a quienes agradecemos su gentileza por permitir incluirlos en este trabajo.
Vista de conjunto de la contractilidad uterina en el estado grávido puerperal
Authors: De Obstetricia y Ginecología Federación Colombiana
Published: August 2020

Durante todo el estado grávido puerperal (embarazo, preparto, parto, alumbramiento y post_alumbramiento) el útero presenta una actividad contráctil rítmica, nunca interrumpida. Pero en cada período las características de esa contractilidad son diferentes, adecuándose a las funciones que debe cumplir.
PROCESSO DE DRAMA COMO POSSIBILIDADE ARTÍSTICO-PEDAGÓGICA NA EDUCAÇAO INFANTIL: DESCOBERTAS DE UMA PROFESSORA DE TEATRO EM FORMAÇÃO
Authors: Pereira Ohanna Simioni Picolo
Published: August 2020

Esta escrita discute minha experiência como aluna do curso de Licenciatura em Teatro pela Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC) e participante do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID). Apresento pontos específicos sobre a prática de encontro do teatro e da pedagogia exercida no Núcleo de Desenvolvimento Infantil (NDI) direcionando a um pensamento crítico sobre a ação educativa proposta pela experiência teatral onde o participante e/ou aluno pode ser estimulado a efetivar um ato produtivo, elaborando reflexivamente conhecimentos acerca de o próprio fazer artístico/teatral, quanto sobre aspectos relevantes da vida em sociedade.
FORMAÇÃO DE DOCENTES DA ESCOLA BÁSICA, ÁLGEBRA E GEOMETRIA: UM ESTUDO NA PERSPECTIVA DA INVESTIGAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Monteiro Sabrina , Pissaia Luis Felipe , Franzoni Patrícia , Giongo Ieda Maria , Rehfeldt Márcia Jussara Hepp , Quartieri Marli Teresinha
Published: August 2020

O presente relato aborda o planejamento de um conjunto de atividades de Álgebra e Geometria tendo como aportes teóricos o campo da investigação matemática. O projeto de investigação que as gerou tem como objetivo principal problematizar estratégias na resolução de atividades exploratório-investigativas de matemática, elaboradas em estudos conjuntos com grupos de professores dos anos iniciais a fim de examinar quais aprendizagens teórico-metodológicas são desencadeadas por eles considerando a relação ensino-aprendizagem-avaliação a partir de suas próprias experiências. Os materiais de pesquisa foram emergindo a partir de reuniões semanais de pesquisadores, alunos de graduação, pós-graduação e professores da escola básica. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de planejamentos conjuntos demandando considerável tempo para discussões teórico-metodológicas.
INVOCAÇÕES DO MITO EM MEIO A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19: A FILOSOFIA ENTRE O FEITICEIRO E PROMETEU
Authors: Ventura Lidnei
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo defende que a situação mundial de Pandemia da Covid-19 tem apresentado, enquanto manifestação das fragilidades humanas, a ressurgência do pensamento mítico em duas direções: o mito do cientista especializado, enquanto alguém que, como Prometeu, roubou o fogo do conhecimento dos deuses e deu aos homens para reconciliá-lo com a natureza; e a regressão ao pensamento mágico clássico, cujo apelo à fé teria também a função de proteger a humanidade do mal. Nesse contexto, a mídia hegemônica aposta sua credibilidade em médicos e especialistas, reiterando sua “neutralidade” ideológica e política. Enquanto as redes sociais sofrem de profunda crise infodêmica, restituindo a função obscura do mito original, que se espalha viralmente pela web. Partindo da Teoria Crítica, o estudo aponta para a importância da filosofia como campo do saber que se opõe às explicações dogmáticas para o complexo momento pandêmico atual.