bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dataset Construction from Naturalistic Driving in Roundabouts
Authors: García Cuenca Laura , Guindel Carlos , Aliane Nourdine , Armingol José María , Fernández Andrés Javier
Published: December 2020

A proper driver characterization in complex environments using computational techniques depends on the richness and variety of data obtained from naturalistic driving. The present article proposes the construction of a dataset from naturalistic driving specific to maneuvers in roundabouts and makes it open and available to the scientific community for performing their own studies. The dataset is a combination of data gathered from on-board instrumentation and data obtained from the post-processing of maps as well as recorded videos. The approach proposed in this paper consists of handling roundabouts as a stretch of road that includes 100 m before the entrance, the internal part, and 100 m after the exit. This stretch of road is then spatially sampled in small sections to which data are associated.
Determination of Carminic Acid in Foodstuffs and Pharmaceuticals by Microchip Electrophoresis with Photometric Detection
Authors: Masár Marián , Hradski Jasna , Vargová Eva , Miškovčíková Adriána , Božek Peter , Ševčík Juraj , Szucs Roman
Published: December 2020

This paper presents a novel miniaturized analytical method for the determination of carminic acid, a natural red food dye, in complex food and pharmaceutical matrices by microchip electrophoresis (MCE) with photometric detection. MCE has become a very attractive microscale separation technique because it offers high-speed, high-throughput, small sample injection volume and low reagents consumption. Fast determination of carminic acid in less than 5 min was achieved on a poly(methyl methacrylate) microchip in anionic separation mode at pH 6. Photometric detector based on light-emitting diode technology was set to a wavelength of 490 nm. Using a sample injection volume of 900 nL, a limit of detection of 69 nmol L−1 was achieved. A wide linear dynamic range over four orders of magnitude (from nmol L−1 to mmol L−1) was observed for peak area. Developed method provided favorable intra- and inter-day repeatability of the migration time (up to 2.5% RSD), as well as the repeatability of the peak area (less than 1.9% RSD), regardless of the sample type. The content of carminic acid was determined in various foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals, such as candies, saffron, non-alcoholic drink, and sore throat lozenges with good recoveries (92.5–104.0%).
The Influence of Emerging Adulthood on the Risky and Dangerous Behaviors of LGBT Populations
Authors: Salvatore Christopher , Daftary-Kapur Tarika
Published: December 2020

During emerging adulthood, traditional social bonds and turning points may be delayed, not present, or may not work in the same manner as they had for prior generations, leading many to engage in risky and dangerous behaviors. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgendered emerging adults may be at particular risk for engaging in risky and dangerous behavior during emerging adulthood due to the lack of social bonds, reaching of turning points, as well as the historic stigmatization of these populations. Focusing on LGBT populations in the United States, the influence of emerging adulthood on risky and dangerous behaviors is presented; a theoretical examination of the relationship between LGBT populations and risky and dangerous behaviors is provided; the influence of emerging adulthood on LGBT populations is explored; research on the role of emerging adulthoods influence on the risky and dangerous behaviors of LGBT populations is presented; and theoretical and policy implications are offered.
Family Structure Stability and Transitions, Parental Involvement, and Educational Outcomes
Authors: Pribesh Shana L. , Carson Jane Smith , Dufur Mikaela J. , Yue Yuanyuan , Morgan Kathy
Published: December 2020

The family environments children live in have profound effects on the skills, resources, and attitudes those children bring to school. Researchers studying family structure have found that children who live with two married, opposite-sex, biological parents, on average, have better educational outcomes than children living in alternate family structures, perhaps due to higher resources, lower stressors, or different selectivity patterns. Socioeconomic stratification plays a major role in family structure, with low-income families seeing more instability. We argue that the impact of family structure is attenuated by transitions in and out of family structures that may decrease a specific resource important to child academic outcomes: parental involvement. This may contribute to increased academic differences already noted across class gaps. Using waves 1 to 6 of the Growing Up in Australia: Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) data, we examine the relationship of family stability and transitions from birth to age 10/11 years on parental involvement and educational outcomes, adjusted for resource, stressor, and selectivity covariates. We find that changes in parental involvement are only apparent for families that experience both a transition and single parenting, and that these differences in parental involvement impact academic outcomes.
The Impact of New Technologies on Individuals’ Health Perceptions in the European Union
Authors: Brătucu Gabriel , Tudor Andra Ioana Maria , Dovleac Lavinia , Sumedrea Silvia , Chițu Ioana Bianca , Trifan Adrian
Published: December 2020

The healthcare systems of European countries currently face challenges regarding the sustainability of healthcare provision. The growing sophistication of new technologies is transforming the accessibility and management of health services and information, while also challenging society’s ability to offer fair access to health services for all people. The aim of this paper is to identify and analyze some of the determinants of the self-perceived health status across the EU28 area and to determine how the digitalization of health is impacting the self-rated health of the European populations, given the fact that a healthier population is one of the 17 goals of sustainable development on the 2030 Agenda. The research method used is panel-data regression using secondary data from international databases. The results indicate that there is a direct relationship between the way people are assessing personal health, the ability to use the Internet for seeking health-related information, and the use of various apps to purchase health-related items online. Our findings are useful for academics, industry specialists, and public authorities in designing sustainable health products and policies by focusing on the development of suitable mHealth programs for generating more patient-centered services where the idea of self-care is encouraged.
Sustainable Wastewater Treatment and Utilization: A Conceptual Innovative Recycling Solution System for Water Resource Recovery
Authors: Nisar Muhammad Bin , Shah Syyed Adnan Raheel , Tariq Muhammad Owais , Waseem Muhammad
Published: December 2020

The global demand for drinking water is increasing day by day. Different methods are used for desalination of water, which can help in the conservation of resources, such as seawater, highly saline, or treated water underground reservoirs. Polluted water can be treated by the utilization of different advanced techniques. In this study, wastewater mixed canal water has been taken into consideration for the utilization of humans and agriculture use as well. A two-stage conceptual methodology has been proposed to deal with the water conservation and utilization process. In the first phase, power has been produced using a Belgian vortex turbine, which is a safe, efficient, and eco-friendly technology working without disturbing waterways. The power produced by the vortex machine will be utilized to operate the water treatment plant to obtain clean water for utilization in the second phase. Since enough energy is produced, and its availability to the water head level base is a natural resource, this energy can be used to fulfill daily water requirements by maximizing the energy-driven treatment process as per WHO Guidelines. Water quality can be monitored at regular intervals, depending upon the selection and installation of a treatment plant. An increase in efficiency comes from nearly exponential patterns depending on water velocity and availability. This technique will not only help in the production of clean water but will also help in the conservation of groundwater resources and the efficient utilization of wastewater.
A Materials Bank for Circular Leuven: How to Monitor ‘Messy’ Circular City Transition Projects
Authors: Marin Julie , Alaerts Luc , Van Acker Karel
Published: December 2020

In recent years, cities have revealed themselves as being prominent actors in the circular economy transition. Besides supporting and initiating urban projects catalyzing circularity, cities are looking for monitoring tools that can make their progress towards circularity visible. Adopting Leuven’s pilot project for a building materials bank as a case study, this paper notes the particular challenges and opportunities in the pilot project to assess its progress and impact, in combination with gathering data for overall circular city monitoring purposes. Firstly, the paper names tensions between the “messy” transition process from policy ambitions to implementation and the question of data and monitoring. Secondly, the paper identifies relevant dimensions and scales to evaluate progress and impacts of a building materials bank, drawing from its development process. Thirdly, it proposes guidelines to monitor and evaluate circular city projects from the bottom up, combining quantitative indicators with guiding questions in a developmental evaluation. The analysis serves a critical reflection, distills lessons learned for projects contributing to circular cities and feeds a few concluding policy recommendations. The case study serves as an example that, in order to move beyond the tensions between circularity monitoring and actual circular city project development, monitoring instruments should simultaneously interact with and feed the circularity transition process. Therefore, dedicated data governance driven by enhanced stakeholder interactions should be inscribed in transition process guidance. Bottom-up projects such as a building materials bank provide opportunities to do this.
Using Agile Project Management in the Design and Implementation of Activity-Based Costing Systems
Authors: Jiménez Victor , Afonso Paulo , Fernandes Gabriela
Published: December 2020

The success of a costing system is dependent on its appropriation and assimilation by the organization. The involvement of all stakeholders from the early stages of design and implementation plays a critical role in this process. In this paper, the use of agile project management is investigated to support the design and implementation of more effective costing systems. A Design Science Research approach was followed to apply an agile project management approach—the Scrum methodology—to the design and implementation of an Activity-Based Costing (ABC) system in a hospital imaging service. The proposed methodology identifies the roles, the events, and the most important artifacts in the design and implementation of costing systems. Research results show that applying agile project management principles contributes to a higher degree of acceptance of the costing system by the operating personnel, as well as by top management. It was also found that a simpler model (result of sprint 5), instead of a more detailed one (proposed for sprint 4), may better fit the interests of the decision makers and the organization’s accounting and information systems. Thus, the best costing system is not necessarily the most complete or accurate, but the one that is most useful and adapted to the organization’s needs. The definition of the product backlog, the several sprints, and the iterative process were critical in this process. The adoption of the Scrum methodology allowed the design and implementation of an ABC system more adapted to the organization’s needs and allowed the early identification of problems that, traditionally, are only perceived at the end of the implementation process, therefore increasing the performance and economic sustainability of organizations.
Investigating Stakeholders’ Views on Technology Integration: The Role of Educational Leadership for Sustainable Inclusive Education
Authors: Uygur Mutlu , Ayçiçek Burak , Doğrul Hikmet , Yanpar Yelken Tuğba
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the views of teachers, school administrative staff having educational leadership roles, and faculty members on integration of technology and the role of educational leadership for sustainable inclusive education. The study group included 38 teachers working in Mersin province, Turkey, 11 school administrative staff, and 11 faculty members working at the Education Faculty. This study was structured employing a “basic interpretive qualitative study model”. In the study, a semi-structured interview form consisting of open-ended questions was used as a data collection tool. According to the findings, the faculty members do not consider that inclusive education practices reach an adequate level of sustainability. Therefore, the participants also suggest adding a sustainable inclusive education course in teacher education programs. School administrative staff and teachers have emphasized that technological infrastructures of schools are inadequate for sustainable inclusive education practices. A majority of teachers have used technology in sustainable inclusive education practices. Overall, the participants believe that the integration of technology into sustainable inclusive education has positive effects on students such as ensuring permanent, quick, and easy learning. This study proves that different stakeholders that have a key role in providing sustainable inclusive education handle this issue from different perspectives and they have both positive and negative opinions on the sustainable inclusive education practices.
Marginalized Small-Scale Farmers as Actors in Just Circular-Economy Transitions: Exploring Opportunities to Circulate Crop Residue as Raw Material in India
Authors: Härri Anna , Levänen Jarkko , Koistinen Katariina
Published: December 2020

Facing substantial sustainability challenges, sustainable transitions to circular systems are increasingly called for. The use of biomass to produce textile fibers is a niche that could contribute to a circular textile system. In this niche, farmers supplying biomass would play a crucial role. Through a literature review, we argue in this article that farmers are important actors in this context, but their agency is limited by numerous institutional factors, such as cultivation practices, labor markets, and information systems. These factors together can create an institutional void, which can hamper both the agency of farmers and their ability to participate, as well as the justness of the niche. The void’s strength depends on the institutional interface a farmer is subjected to. Before just transitions to circular systems can occur, marginalized actors’ agency and ability to participate in the niche, in a just way, must be improved, by decreasing the strength of the institutional void.
Genetic Diversity of South African Indigenous Goat Population from Four Provinces Using Genome-Wide SNP Data
Authors: Chokoe Tlou Caswell , Mdladla-Hadebe Khanyisile , Muchadeyi Farai , Dzomba Edgar , Matelele Tlou , Mphahlele Tumudi , Mpofu Takalani J. , Nephawe Khathutshelo , Mtileni Bohani
Published: December 2020

Genome-wide assessments of the genetic landscape of Farm Animal Genetic Resources (FAnGR) are key to developing sustainable breed improvements. Understanding the FAnGR adaptation to different environments and supporting their conservation programs from community initiative to national policymakers is very important. The objective of the study was to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of communal indigenous goat populations from four provinces of South Africa. Communal indigenous goat populations from the Free State (FS) (n = 24), Gauteng (GP) (n = 28), Limpopo (LP) (n = 30), and North West (NW) (n = 35) provinces were genotyped using the Illumina Goats SNP50 BeadChip. An Illumina Goats SNP50 BeadChip data from commercial meat-type breeds: Boer (n = 33), Kalahari Red (n = 40), and Savanna (n = 31) was used in this study as reference populations. The Ho revealed that the genetic diversity of a population ranged between 0.39 ± 0.11 Ho in LP to 0.42 ± 0.09 Ho in NW. Analysis of molecular variance revealed variations of 3.39% (p < 0.0001) and 90.64% among and within populations, respectively. The first two Principal Component Analyses (PCAs) revealed a unique Limpopo population separated from GP, FS, and NW communal indigenous goat populations with high levels of admixture with commercial goat populations. There were unique populations of Kalahari and Savanna that were observed and admixed individuals. Marker FST (Limpopo versus commercial goat populations) revealed 442 outlier single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across all chromosomes, and the SNP with the highest FST value (FST = 0.72; chromosome 8) was located on the UHRF2 gene. Population differentiation tests (PCAdapt) revealed PC2 as optimal and five outlier SNPs were detected on chromosomes 10, 15, 20, and 21. The study revealed that the SNPs identified by the first two principal components show high FST values in LP communal goat populations and allowed us to identify candidate genes which can be used in the development of breed selection programs to improve this unique LP population and other communal goat population of FS, GP, and NW, and find genetic factors contributing to the adaptation to harsh environments. Effective management and utilization of South African communal indigenous goat populations is important, and effort should be made to maintain unique genetic resources for conservation.
The Motivation for Incorporation of Microgrid Technology in Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic Deployment to Enhance Energy Economics
Authors: Rengasamy Mageswaran , Gangatharan Sivasankar , Madurai Elavarasan Rajvikram , Mihet-Popa Lucian
Published: December 2020

Deployment of rooftop solar Photovoltaic technology in domestic premises plays a significant role in accomplishing renewable energy transformation. The majority of domestic consumers still do not have a positive perception about adopting rooftop solar PV technology, due to its high capital cost and prolonged payback period. In this aspect, the proposed work identifies the factors causing energy deprivation in the present distribution and utilization system. To explicitly express the importance of the present work, an extensive case study based on an Indian scenario has been carried out to investigate where the losses occur in the existing distribution system and how the solar power and its storage system have been ineffectively utilized. The deep investigation has thrown light on several issues that lead to the performance deterioration of PV technology. Finally, in this work, a scheme to incorporate hybrid microgrid technology in the domestic distribution network has been proposed to effectively manage the distribution system and to efficiently utilize solar power and its storage systems. The real-time electricity tariff data have been taken for cost comparison and payback period calculations to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method. Crucial comparisons have been presented based on energy saving and carbon dioxide CO2 emission reduction strategies.
Between Fire and Ice: Experiences of the Persian Fire Festival in a Nordic Setting
Authors: Abbasian Saeid , Lundberg Anna
Published: December 2020

This exploratory research seeks to gain insight into the visitors of Persian Fire Festival in Stockholm, their motivation, level of satisfaction and loyalty to the festival. The overall methodology is mixed methods consisting of participant observation and 280 completed online surveys including close-ended and open-ended questions. A Grounded theory analysis has been employed. The most important reason behind the participation has been to strive for the recognition of ethnic cultural identity; to keep the ancient culture alive; to maintain their ancestors’ legacy and transfer it to the next generation. Most of the visitors experienced positive feelings, showed satisfaction and loyalty, believed that the festival fulfilled their expectations and it should be celebrated officially every year. A minority showed dissatisfaction mostly due to the lack of accessibility to the event venue and might are not loyal to the festival. The first conclusion here is that these motivators are totally different than those mentioned by earlier research (e.g., escape, socialization, novelty, rest, prestige, excitement). Even though the desire to preserve the ancient culture and tradition is very strong, a lack of accessibility to the venue would constitute disloyalty and a barrier to re-attend in such a festival.
Understanding the Local Sustainable Economic Development from New “3D” Perspective: Case of Hainan Island
Authors: Yan Huili , Qiao Guanghui , Xiong Hao , Prideaux Bruce
Published: December 2020

This paper proposes a new T-3D measurement framework for calculating tourism economic space and as a tool able to assist in determining the sustainability of tourism development. The T-3D framework is described as a tourism-specific version of the Density, Distance, Division (3D) framework. Tourism economic concentration, level of integration and the degree of specialization are used to provide a touristic interpretation of density, distance and division. Taking Hainan Province as an example, this paper outlines the T-3D characteristics of tourism economic space. The results show that Hainan Province has large differences in the distribution of the tourism economy. In addition to the spatial division of the tourism economy, the spatial density and distance of the tourism economy are basically consistent in value. Further, the spatial density and division of the tourism economy exhibits a dual-core based on the cities of Sanya and Haikou, and the spatial distance of the tourism economy exhibits “core-peripheral” characteristics. The tourism economic space shows that the highest agglomeration based on T-3D characteristics occurs in the east followed by the west with the lowest agglomeration in the middle of the province. Using empirical analysis, the validity of the T-3D analysis system of the tourism economic space is verified and this is more conducive to improving the competitiveness of the tourism industry and promoting sustainable tourism development.
Incorporating Reservoir Greenhouse Gas Emissions into Carbon Footprint of Sugar Produced from Irrigated Sugarcane in Northeastern Nigeria
Authors: Yuguda Taitiya Kenneth , Li Yi , Shekarau Luka Bobby , Dzarma Goziya William
Published: December 2020

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from reservoirs are responsible for at most 2% of the overall warming effects of human activities. This study aimed at incorporating the GHG emissions of a reservoir (with irrigation/sugar production as its primary purpose), into the carbon footprint of sugar produced from irrigated sugarcane. This study adopts a life-cycle assessment (LCA) approach and encompasses the cradle-to-gate aspect of the international organization of standardization ISO 14040 guidelines. Results show that total carbon footprint of refined sugar could be as high as 5.71 kg CO2-eq/kg sugar, over its entire life cycle, depending on the priority of purposes allocated to a reservoir and sugarcane productivity. Findings also reveal that the dammed river contributes the most to GHG emissions 5.04 kg CO2-eq/kg sugar, followed by the agricultural stage 0.430 kg CO2-eq/kg sugar, the sugar factory 0.227 kg CO2-eq/kg sugar, and lastly the transportation stage 0.065 kg CO2-eq/kg sugar. The sensitivity analysis shows that carbon footprint CF of sugar production is largely influenced by the rate of biomass decomposition in the impounded reservoir over time, followed by the reservoir drawdown due to seasonal climatic fluctuations. Significant amounts of GHG emissions are correlated with the impoundment of reservoirs for water resource development projects, which may account for up to 80% of total GHG emissions to the reservoir’s primary purpose. Sugar production expansion, coupled with allocating more functions to a reservoir, significantly influences the CF of sugar per service purpose. This study is an indicator for policymakers to comprehend and make plans for the growing tradeoffs amongst key functions of reservoirs.
Agriculture and Green Economy for Environmental Kuznets Curve Adoption in Developing Countries: Insights from Rwanda
Authors: Niyigaba Jean , Ya Sun Jessica , Peng Daiyan , Uwimbabazi Clemence
Published: December 2020

Development and climate change are crucial global concerns with significant contrasts between developed and developing nations. Contrary to several developing countries, Rwanda opted for a green growth policy pathway while struggling with its economic emergence through the alternative green sectors, including agriculture. No research has yet been conducted on the choice’s performance on emission sequestration or the country’s income, allowing the formulation of strategies accordingly. The environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), mostly adopted by developed countries, is applied for the Rwandese scenario to verify its adoption in developing countries. The within and between effects of the agricultural sector (AGRc) and gross domestic products (GDPc) on CO2 emission (CO2) are examined with an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration and coupling methods in January 2008−December 2018 period. Results confirm the short-run and long-run cointegration relationships of variables, where CO2-GDPc and CO2-AGRc are relatively decoupling and absolute decoupling, respectively. The EKC adoption to CO2-GDPc relationship, and the significant negative causality from GDPc and AGRc to CO2, are confirmed. The performance resulted from the country’s environment conservation policies, and Rwanda is a learning example as a developing country. However, the green economy through the agro-economy is at a low level and should be reinforced.
A Review of Temporary Housing Management Modeling: Trends in Design Strategies, Optimization Models, and Decision-Making Methods
Authors: Perrucci Daniel , Baroud Hiba
Published: December 2020

Temporary housing plays a critical role in disaster response and recovery by providing a temporary home for displaced people before they return to their permanent residence. In recent years, temporary housing has faced three primary dilemmas related to design type, site selection, and cost. Significant contributions have been made in research and in practice to improve temporary housing management. However, gaps still exist in resolving the dilemmas, and a critical review and evaluation of current methods is needed to determine the path forward and identify priorities of future research. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of prior methods developed and applied towards temporary housing management and identifies future pathways for success in temporary housing research and implementation. The literature review reveals that temporary housing requires further research in proactive management, storage, sustainability, and community resilience to effectively enhance post-disaster temporary housing. This study finds that programs such as the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) and the Sheltering and Temporary Essential Power (STEP) program provide methodologies which can benefit temporary housing implementation, designs, and modeling. In addition, circular economy thinking can enable the recyclability of temporary housing to reduce economic and environmental impacts.
Development of a Novel Gluten-Free Egg Pie Product: Effects of Sensory Attributes and Storage
Authors: Hidas Karina Ilona , Visy Anna , Csonka Judit , Nyulas-Zeke Ildikó Csilla , Friedrich László , Pásztor-Huszár Klára , Alpár Boglárka , Hitka Géza , Felföldi József , Fehér Orsolya , Gere Attila
Published: December 2020

In the last few decades, convenience has become one of the most important factors for consumers. Therefore, food products that take a short time to prepare are gaining in popularity. The aim of this study was to develop a gluten-free egg-pie product which is quick-frozen in pre-baked form and remains usable for a long time. Besides, it satisfies various consumer needs while remaining sustainable by not having a great impact on the environment. A dough containing rice, millet, and buckwheat flour was developed. The fillings also appeared in unflavored and flavored form (spinach onion, cheese) with and without increased egg white content. Acceptance of the product was measured by sensory test. Texture and dry matter content measurement, triangular test, and color measurement were performed to track changes through six months of frozen storage. The stored pies’ hardness declined for three months, then doubled the original value at the end of the frozen storage. The stored pies hardness declined for three months (from 10.76 ± 1.78 and 11.22 ± 1.47 N to 8.52 ± 1.74 and 9.91 ± 1.16 N), then doubled the original value at the end of the frozen storage (21.69 ± 2.55 and 19.62 ± 1.67 N). The dry matter content showed increasing tendency. Results of the triangular tests showed that the stored flavored pies were less distinguishable from freshly baked ones than the unflavored egg-pies. Color measurement showed that the fillings of the pies were darkening during the frozen storage. Consumer liking test showed values between 6.52 ± 1.76 and 7.56 ± 1.2 on a 9-point hedonic scale. Color measurement showed that the fillings of the pies were darkening during the frozen storage, and the lightness values decreased from 90.17 ± 0.06 and 90.53 ± 0.11 to 81.43 ± 0.41 and 83.22 ± 0.87 in six months. Results generated in this study suggest that consumers’ acceptance was high, though results of penalty analysis showed that more flavorings would increase the overall acceptability.
Advanced Innovative Solutions for Final Design in Terms of Energy Sustainability of Nearly/Net Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB)
Authors: Mazzeo Domenico , Oliveti Giuseppe
Published: December 2020

EU Directives have reinforced both studies and research for the development of innovative technological solutions to improve building energy performance and to achieve a reduction in total energy consumption, with benefits in terms of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, as well as in economic terms [...]
Quantitative Attribution of Runoff Attenuation to Climate Change and Human Activity in Typical Mountainous Areas: An Enlightenment to Water Resource Sustainable Utilization and Management in North China
Authors: Jiao Yufei , Liu Jia , Li Chuanzhe , Wang Wei , Yu Fuliang , Wang Yizhi
Published: December 2020

The influence of climate change and human activities on hydrological elements has increased along with increasing dependence on water resources. Therefore, quantitative attribution of hydrological elements has received wide attention. In this study, the double mass curve (DMC) is used to assess the abrupt change point of the hydrological data series, based on which the periods with/without large-scale human activities causing runoff attenuation are separated. The land use transition matrix is then employed to analyze the land use types at different historical stages, and the sensitivities of the runoff attenuation to different land use/cover change (LUCC) categories are quantified. A soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model that considers the underlying surface is constructed with six designed scenarios of different climate and LUCC conditions. Taking three typical mountainous basins in North China as the study area, the quantitative contributions of climate change and human activities to the water resources are identified. The results of the study have brought enlightenment to the water resource sustainable utilization and management in North China, and the methodologies can be transferred to runoff attribution analysis in water shortage areas.
Benefit Assessment of Skidder Powertrain Hybridization Utilizing a Novel Cascade Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Karlušić Juraj , Cipek Mihael , Pavković Danijel , Šitum Željko , Benić Juraj , Šušnjar Marijan
Published: December 2020

Over the last decade, off-road vehicles have been increasingly hybridized through powertrain electrification in terms of additional electrical machine-based propulsion and battery energy storage, with the goal of achieving significant gains in fuel economy and reductions in greenhouse gases emissions. Since hybrid powertrains consist of two or more different energy sources and may be arranged in many different configurations, there are many open questions in their design and powertrain energy management control, which may have influence on the hybridized powertrain purchase cost and efficiency. This paper presents simple backward optimization models of conventional and hybrid cable skidder powertrains. These models are then used in the optimization of control variables over one forest path in order to find the minimum possible fuel consumption. The optimization results show that 15% fuel efficiency improvement in winching and skid trail driving can be achieved with the selected hybrid powertrain. With that improvement, main hybrid drive components can be paid off in 13 years.
Fiscal Decentralization, Urban-Rural Income Gap, and Tourism
Authors: Chen Xiaohua , Zhang Xinyi , Song Yuhua , Liang Xueping , Wang Liangjun , Geng Yina
Published: December 2020

The reform of China’s tax-sharing system in 1994 has not only had a profound heterogeneous impact on the control level of fiscal resources by local government but also might exert a negative effect on the sustainable development of tourism. Based on this hypothesis, this paper uses 1993–2018 data from 31 Chinese provinces to examine the dynamic relationship between China’s fiscal decentralization, income gap, urbanization, and tourism growth using a panel co-integration model. Our results show that there is a stable co-integration relationship between fiscal decentralization, income gap, and tourism growth. In general, the impact of fiscal decentralization and income gap on tourism development varies across regions. However, in most provinces, urbanization helps the development of tourism. Urbanization and fiscal decentralization also help reduce the income gap. This shows that the inter-regional government competition promotes not only the growth of tourism but also income equality. To achieve the sustainable development of tourism, China should not only take the advantage of local governments’ incentives for economic growth but also handle the income gap problem considering local conditions.
From Place-Branding to Community-Branding: A Collaborative Decision-Making Process for Cultural Heritage Enhancement
Authors: Daldanise Gaia
Published: December 2020

The international debate on cultural heritage enhancement and cultural cross-overs, highlights the need to rethink the relationship between economy, society and territory by working on innovative urban planning and evaluation approaches. In recent times, the concept of “place branding” has become widespread in strategic urban plans, linking marketing approaches to the attractive features of places. The purpose of this study is to outline a holistic approach to cultural heritage enhancement for urban regeneration based on creative and collaborative place branding: “Community branding”. The methodology was tested in Pisticci—near Matera (Basilicata region, Italy)—starting from its historic center. As a multi-methodological decision-making process, Community branding combines approaches and tools derived from Place Branding, Community Planning, Community Impact Evaluation and Place Marketing. The main results achieved include: an innovative approach that combines both management and planning aspects and empowers communities and skills in network; the co-evaluation of cultural, social and economic impacts for the Pisticci Sustainable Urban Lab (PLUS); the writing and signing of an “urban contract” with local Municipality, research centers and PLUS hub association.
Evaluation Model of the Roles of Festivals in the Internationalization of Performing Arts: Evidence from Flamenco Festivals
Authors: Rastrollo-Horrillo María-Angeles , Navarrete Lourdes
Published: December 2020

There are hardly any studies that address the study of performing arts (PAs) festivals from the perspective of internationalization. Using the case of flamenco festivals as a case study, this paper determines the role of PAs festivals in the internationalization of the PAs. In the last three decades, a large number of flamenco festivals have proliferated and consolidated both in Spain and abroad. These two types of festivals (domestic and abroad) play different roles in the internationalization of this PA. Therefore, for the first time, and in line with the proposals for measuring results of the Socio-Economic Management Model (SEAM) approach, we propose to offer an evaluation model to guide the analysis and measurement of the role of festivals in the internationalization of the PAs that includes the tangible and intangible resources and capabilities necessary for the achievement of their role(s). This study contributes to the debate on the efficiency of cultural policy by proposing a qualimetric system of indicators that evaluate their achievement, differentiating between the immediate results achieved by the festival and the results in creating potential that will facilitate the achievement of sustainable results.
Evaluation of Farm Fresh Food Boxes: A Hybrid Alternative Food Network Market Innovation
Authors: Sitaker Marilyn , Kolodinsky Jane , Wang Weiwei , Chase Lisa C. , Kim Julia Van Soelen , Smith Diane , Estrin Hans , Vlaanderen Zoe Van , Greco Lauren
Published: December 2020

Using a mixed-methods design, we evaluated Farm Fresh Food Box (F3B) a market innovation designed to expand producer markets, stabilize rural retail businesses, and improve rural food access. In the F3B model, pre-ordered Community Supported Agriculture (CSA)-style produce boxes are sold through rural retail outlets. F3B was implemented from 2016 to 2018 as part of a United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-funded multi-state extension and research collaboration project in 3 geographically diverse and rural areas: Vermont, Washington, and California. The F3B evaluation aimed to (1) assess market potential; (2) determine logistics for successful implementation; (3) describe the benefits and drawbacks for farmers and retailers; and (4) measure consumers’ attitudes and purchase behavior. A national market survey indicated consumers would be likely to purchase F3B if it was perceived to offer good value on fresh local produce, without need for a subscription. The model put a few additional labor burdens on farmers and retailers, but required time for relationship-building and more record-keeping time for farmers. Those who purchased a F3B were generally satisfied with the quality, quantity and variety of produce each week and a high proportion considered F3B to be a good value for the money. As a new business innovation, F3B showed only modest profit, but retailers and farmers felt it was worthwhile to expand their customer base, promote their brand and develop their partnership. F3B began a means to address flattened growth in direct to consumer produce sales, food deserts and dwindling retail options for fresh foods in rural areas. We discuss F3B as a potential solution to food system weaknesses exposed by the COIVD-19 pandemic because it offers touch-free, high-quality local produce ready for curbside pickup at a convenient location.
Environmental Impacts of Rapeseed and Turnip Rapeseed Grown in Norway, Rape Oil and Press Cake
Authors: Svanes Erik , Waalen Wendy , Uhlen Anne Kjersti
Published: December 2020

Many Norwegian consumers eat more red meat than is recommended by the Government. Of the protein currently consumed, 75% is of animal origin. Natural conditions in Norway favour the production of meat, dairy and seafood but high-protein plants can also be grown in the country. This study analysed the environmental impact of growing turnip rapeseed (Brassica rapa) and rapeseed (Brassica napus) and the processing of rapeseed into dietary oil and press cake. The results were then compared with some common animal protein food sources. Impacts were calculated for 24 impact indicators. The climate impact of dried seeds was 1.19 kg CO2-eq/kg, for rape oil—3.0 kg CO2-eq/kg and for rapeseed press cake—0.72 kg CO2-eq/kg. The environmental impact of rapeseed production is higher than in most other countries, predominantly due to lower yields. Press cake from rapeseed could be a valuable source of protein in foods. In Norway, the environmental impacts of this material (climate impact—2.5 kg CO2-eq/kg protein) are at the same level as other plant protein sources, but far lower than some of the most common animal protein sources (climate impact—16–35 kg CO2-eq/kg protein). When comparing the impacts while taking nutrient content into account, these differences remained the same. Improvements in the environmental performance of oilseed and its products can be achieved both by improving yields through better agronomic practices and increasing the proportion of winter rapeseed.
Exploring the Experience of Creative Tourism in the Northern Region of Portugal—A Gender Perspective
Authors: Remoaldo Paula , Ghanian Mansour , Alves Juliana
Published: December 2020

Creative tourism is a quite recent tourism segment that has been rapidly diffused all over the world. Nevertheless, studies on this segment were not concerned, until present, with the differences in gender intention, evaluation and the overall satisfaction regarding creative tourism activities. For that, this paper examines these three components from a gender perspective regarding the creative tourism activities developed by CREATOUR pilots in the northern region of mainland Portugal between 2017 and 2019. The methods used were quantitative in nature. Five hundred and ninety-five questionnaires were applied to the participants in the 45 creative tourism activities developed by the 10 pilot institutions selected to join the CREATOUR project (Creative Tourism Destination Development in Small Cities and Rural Areas). The questionnaire used consisted of 31 closed questions aimed at the profile, the motivations, the perception and the evaluation of activities by the participants. It used descriptive statistics and discriminate analysis. The main results show that men and women had similar demographic characteristics (e.g., age and educational level), but they were significantly different in some variables, such as their intention to participate in creative activities, and their evaluation and overall satisfaction with their personal experiences. It is statistically confirmed that, based on their experiences in creative tourism, men and women fall into different clusters.
The Mining and Technology Industries as Catalysts for Sustainable Energy Development
Authors: Imasiku Katundu , Thomas Valerie M.
Published: December 2020

The potential for mining companies to contribute to sustainable energy development is characterized in terms of opportunities for energy efficiency and support of electricity access in mining-intensive developing countries. Through a case study of the Central African Copperbelt countries of Zambia and the Democratic Republic of Congo, energy efficiency opportunities in copper operations and environmental impact of metal extraction are evaluated qualitatively, characterized, and quantified using principles of industrial ecology, life cycle assessment, and engineering economics. In these countries the mining sector is the greatest consumer of electricity, accounting for about 53.6% in the region. Energy efficiency improvements in the refinery processes is shown to have a factor of two improvement potential. Further, four strategies are identified by which the mining and technology industries can enhance sustainable electricity generation capacity: energy efficiency; use of solar and other renewable resources; share expertise from the mining and technology industries within the region; and take advantage of the abundant cobalt and other raw materials to initiate value-added manufacturing.
A GIS-Based Approach for Spatially-Explicit Sustainable Development Assessments in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran
Authors: Mohamadzadeh Parviz , Pourmoradian Samereh , Feizizadeh Bakhtiar , Sharifi Ayyoob , Vogdrup-Schmidt Mathias
Published: December 2020

We propose an efficient integrated approach of spatial decision-making systems and geographical information science for spatially explicit sustainable development mapping. The approach was developed, and its efficiency examined for sustainability assessment in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. To achieve this goal, sustainable development indicators were employed through GIS decision rule and spatial analysis. Accordingly, 13 main criteria and 44 sub-criteria were identified and prepared as GIS dataset. The fuzzy analytical network process (FANP) method was employed to derive the criteria weights and their significance. We also applied the Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) for minimizing the uncertainties associated with the FANP weights. The Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA) method was applied to aggregate the indicators and develop the sustainable development maps. Results confirmed that integrated GIS-based decision rules can be applied for any sustainable development mapping efficiently. Results of this research present an approach for sustainable development assessment and can be applied for similar research effectually. In the case of East Azerbaijan Province, the detailed results represent the unbalanced sustainable development within the different counties of this province. This requires taking necessary actions to ensure more balanced and just economic development in the province. The degree of sustainable development shows a significant spatial correlation with the industrial activities, employment, demography, poverty and infrastructure properties. The obtained results are of great importance for decision makers to identify efficient approaches in light of sustainable development mapping.