bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Selectivity of Musical Advantage
Authors: Choi William
Published: June 2020

The OPERA hypothesis theorizes how musical experience heightens perceptual acuity to lexical tones. One missing element in the hypothesis is whether musical advantage is general to all or specific to some lexical tones. To further extend the hypothesis, this study investigated whether English musicians consistently outperformed English nonmusicians in perceiving a variety of Cantonese tones. In an AXB discrimination task, the musicians exhibited superior discriminatory performance over the nonmusicians only in the high level, high rising, and mid-level tone contexts. Similarly, in a Cantonese tone sequence recall task, the musicians significantly outperformed the nonmusicians only in the contour tone context but not in the level tone context. Collectively, the results reflect the selectivity of musical advantage—musical experience is only advantageous to the perception of some but not all Cantonese tones, and elements of selectivity can be introduced to the OPERA hypothesis. Methodologically, the findings highlight the need to include a wide variety of lexical tone contrasts when studying music-to-language transfer.
Divina juventud: la Iglesia católica y las juventudes en América Latina y Costa Rica durante la Guerra Fría (1965-1989)
Authors: Chaves Zamora Randall
Published: June 2020

La Iglesia católica y las juventudes protagonizaron muchos de los escenarios globales durante la Guerra Fría. Las páginas siguientes conjugan ambas temáticas, para analizar el interés transnacional del catolicismo por las juventudes entre las décadas de 1960 y 1980. Para hacerlo, inicialmente se analizan los discursos oficiales de esta institución global y se estudia el concepto político de juventud que ensayó esa religión durante el período en estudio. Posteriormente, se analiza cómo se tradujo el interés por la juventud en América Latina y se presentan las estrategias de las jerarquías católicas para agrupar a las juventudes. Al final, se establece una comparación con el caso costarricense, donde los discursos globales y latinoamericanos sobre las juventudes católicas fueron apropiados y adaptados a un país que buscaba representar a sus jóvenes como un sector aislado de la región centroamericana.
A Study of Impact of Aptitude in Mathematics as Stream Selection at Higher Secondary Level
Authors: Preetam Pyari  , Kritika Mishra  , Binti Dua
Published: June 2020

Present study explores the aptitude among higher secondary students. It is aimed to find out the effect of stream selection in terms of aptitude. A sample of 100 students has been taken from a government senior secondary school of Agra, Uttar Pradesh-India. Data is collected by administering Differential Aptitude Test (DAT). Result showed that there is found significant effect of aptitude in the stream selection process of the students and for mathematics numerical reasoning, clerical speed and accuracy, mechanical and verbal reasoning constitute the significant role for mathematics as careers option at higher secondary level.
A Reflective Rubric-Creating Activity that Enhances Teachers’ Mathematical Habits of Mind
Authors:   College of Education, Health, and Human Services, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, United States, Courtney Scott A. , Benjamin Judy ,   College of Education, Health, and Human Services, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, United States
Published: June 2020

As schools and teachers in the U.S. fine-tune their implementation of mathematics standards promoting college and career readiness, the number of support resources continues to expand. One resource focus experiencing significant growth involves sample items and tasks asserting alignment with the college and career ready mathematical content and practice standards. Such samples regularly identify both the content standards addressed and the mathematical habits of mind that students have the potential to engage in. Consistently absent are evaluation criteria articulating how engagement and demonstration of associated mathematical practices can be assessed, concurrent with content. The authors discuss the development of rubrics that attempt to faithfully assess the integration of mathematical content and practice standards and highlight the benefits to mathematics teachers, coaches, professional developers, and mathematics teacher educators of engaging in such reflective rubric-creating activities.
Perception of Teachers and Students towards the Implementation of Choice Based Credit System at Undergraduate Level
Authors:   M.Phil. Scholar, School of Education Gangadhar Meher University, Sambalpur Odisha-768004, India, Mahakur Sonia , Baral Rajashree ,   Associate Professor of Education, School of Education Gangadhar Meher University, Sambalpur, Odisha-768004, India, Meher Venkateswar ,   Junior Research Fellow, School of Education Gangadhar Meher University, Sambalpur, Odisha-768004, India
Published: June 2020

The present study examines the perception of teachers and students of undergraduate colleges towards the implementation of Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) by investigating the significance of difference in the perception of teachers in relation to stream and students in relation to sex, streams and types of colleges. For this purpose near about 60 teachers and 120 students were selected through random sampling from 4 undergraduate colleges of Bargarh district affiliated to Sambalpur University, Odisha. The descriptive survey method was used by the researchers. The data were collected through five point perception scale developed by the researchers for teachers and students separately. For the analysis of the obtained data test was used. The result indicated that arts, science and commerce teachers did not differ significantly in their perception towards implementation of CBCS at undergraduate level. The science students differed significantly from the commerce and arts students in their perception towards the implementation of CBCS at undergraduate level. But arts and commerce students did not differ significantly in their perception. There was no significant difference in the perception of male and female students. The students of Government College differed significantly from the students of private college and government aided colleges in their perception towards the implementation of CBCS at under graduate level.
Role of Stream on The Occupational Aspirations And Career Maturity of The Students of Senior Secondary
Authors:   Govt. College of Education, Sector 20-D, Chandigarh-160020, India, Jakhar Lilu Ram
Published: June 2020

The adolescents’ occupational aspirations is affected by various factors such as intelligence, emotional stability, growth and development, peer group interest, family background, social and economic life and the cognitive maturity to select a career according to the one’s interest and needs. Adolescents’ career maturity is influenced by the attitude and the competencies of the individual. The study focused on finding out the relation between occupational aspirations and career maturity of the senior secondary school students according to their streams of study. The results of the study indicated no significant correlation between the occupational aspirations and career maturity of the arts stream senior secondary school students and it also shows no significant correlation between the occupational aspirations and career maturity of the science stream students of senior secondary classes.
Location of School: Impact on Secondary Students’ Performance in Mathematics
Authors:   Department of Education, Diamond Harbour Women’s University, Sarisha, West Bengal-743368, India, Kundu (De) Usashi
Published: June 2020

In the present day, the examination results of different school boards of India in general and West Bengal in particular are not much satisfactory in respect of performance in mathematics. It has been an observed fact that educational facilities provided in a school has to play a vital role in the performance of its students. The present study attempts to examine whether the performance of students in mathematics depends on the location of school where they study. Ex post facto research design has been employed in carrying out the study. The scores in mathematics of 1104 Madhyamik examinees from six secondary schools of Kolkata and outskirts served as the source of data and the sampling technique used was purposive. Results indicate that there exist significant differences between mathematics scores in Madhyamik Examination of students from Kolkata and outskirt schools. Students from Kolkata schools score better in mathematics than the students from the schools that are situated in the outskirts. The study, therefore, recommends that schools located in the outskirts should be provided with better infrastructure to help in better performance of their students in mathematics.
Influence of Chess and Sudoku on Cognitive Abilities of Secondary School Students
Authors:   Department of M. Ed, Mangalam College of Education, Kottayam, Kerala-686632, India, Jose Sijji , Abraham Remya ,   Department of M. Ed, Mangalam College of Education, Kottayam, Kerala-686632, India
Published: June 2020

The concept of learning and education is undergoing a rapid change. Learning has to be an enjoyable experience for the learners. Learning can be converted into a fun filled activity. Here, comes the role of games in the learning situations in classrooms. Children of all age love playing games all the time. They will enjoy their learning experience if it is done through playing games. Games can be either physical or mental activities or both. The study is an attempt to find out the influence of Chess and Sudoku on cognitive abilities of school students of secondary level. The method chosen for the study is descriptive survey method. The sample for the study comprises of 350 students from various schools in Kottayam District. The statistical measures used for the study are mean, percentage, S.D, and t-test. It was found that Chess and Sudoku players scored high in cognitive abilities test than the non-players. Boys are more interested in playing Chess and Sudoku than girls. CBSE private schools have more players than Govt. aided schools. Also it was found that trained Chess players scored high in cognitive abilities test than the untrained players.
ANALISIS SPASIAL DAN TEMPORAL PERUBAHAN LUAS WILAYAH UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN WISATA BAHARI DI BAGAIAN BARAT PULAU GILI KETAPANG PROBOLINGGO JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Pryambodo Dino Gunawan , Hasanudun Muhamad , Kusmanto Edi
Published: June 2020

Pulau Gili Ketapang yang berpenduduk padat, dengan kepadatan mencapai 12.356 jiwa/ km2 dan mempunyai luasan sebesar 68 hektar atau 0,68 km2 termasuk katagori pulau kecil. Dengan adanya Perda Kab. Probolinggo no15 th.2001 menjadika Pulau Gili Ketapang menjadi salah satu destinasi wisata bahari di Kab.Probolinggo, pesona pasir putih di barat wilayah dari Pulau Gili Ketapang yang menjadi salah satu daya tarik wisatawan. Perubahan luasan wilayah hamparan pasir putih tersebut akan mengurangi wilayah hamparan pasir putih tersebut karena kehilangan hamparan pasir tersebut akan mengurangi keragaman destinasi wisata. Metoda penelitian menggunakan google earth image digunakan sebagai sumber masukan utama untuk membuat peta perubahan wilayah selain penelitian lapangan yang berupa pengukuran garis pantai, batimetri dan pola arus di wilayah perairan Gili Ketapang. Dari data citra Satelit dari tahun 2004 sampai tahun 2018 terjadi penyusutan luas wilayah untuk pasir putih di Barat Pulau Gili Ketapang sebesar 0.288 Ha. Batimetri Perairan Gili Ketapang secara umum memiliki kedalaman terukur antara 0-34 meter, Daerah terdalam terdapat disebelah utara Pulau Gili Ketapang dengan jarak sekitar 1700 m. Sebelah Barat dari Pulau Gili Ketapang memiliki dasar laut yang agak dangkal kurang dari 20 m sehingga sangat cocok untuk dikembangkan menjadi daerah wisata bahari.
Effects of Autogenous Tooth Bone Graft and Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Peri-Implant Defects: An Experimental Study in an Animal Model
Authors: Kızıldağ Alper , Tasdemir Ufuk , Arabacı Taner , Kızıldağ Canan Aksu , Albayrak Mevlüt , Şahin Barbaros
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of autogenous tooth bone graft (ATBG) combined with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on bone healing in rabbit peri-implant osseous defects. Eighteen New Zealand rabbits were divided into 3 groups. Bone defects were prepared in each rabbit, and then an implant cavity was created in the defects. Dental implants were placed, and the peri-implant bone defects were treated with the following 3 methods: no graft material was applied in the control group, bone defects were treated with ATBG in the ATBG group, and bone defects were treated with ATBG combined with PRF in the ATBG+PRF group. After 28 days, the rabbits were sacrificed, and the dental implants with surrounding bone were removed. New bone formation and the percentage of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) were determined with histomorphometric evaluations. New bone formation was significantly higher in the ATBG+PRF group than the control and ATBG groups (P < .05). In addition, BIC was significantly higher in the ATBG+PRF group than in the control and ATBG groups (P < .05). The combination of ATBG with PRF contributed to bone healing in rabbits with peri-implant bone defects.
Implant Treatment for a Patient With Large Condensing Osteitis: Case Report
Authors: Alqahtani Fawaz
Published: June 2020

Chronic endodontic infections are associated with osseous changes in the peri-apical regions. Dental implants are often placed after the extraction of hopeless teeth with periapical infections. This clinical report describes a patient with a radiopaque mass attached to the root apex of the mandibular right second premolar tooth (No. 45). The differential diagnoses of the radiopaque mass were bone- and tissue-borne diseases. Based on the clinical and radiologic findings (bone density and trabeculation of the bone), the definitive diagnosis of the osseous mass was condensing osteitis. The osseous tumor associated with tooth 45 was atraumatically extracted under local anesthesia. Guided bone regeneration was performed immediately after extraction of tooth 45, and a dental implant was placed in the site after 6 months of healing.
Powołanie, konsekracja i posłanie : z teologii świętego kapłaństwa
Authors: Królikowski Janusz
Published: June 2020

Szybkie wyczerpanie się pierwszego wydania niniejszej książki i wyrażane dalsze zapotrzebowanie sprawiają, że zostaje ona wydana po raz drugi w wersji nieco rozszerzonej. Kapłaństwo w Kościele domaga się od nas coraz głębszego namysłu teologicznego, aby nie tylko uzasadnić jego potrzebę, ale przede wszystkim pokazać jego wielkość i godność, zachowując jego sakralną specyfikę. Tylko w ten sposób będzie można kształtować misję kapłańską i dokonywać jej aktualizacji, co więcej, tylko w ten sposób znajdziemy właściwy klucz do zmierzenia się z problemami duchowymi, które pojawiają się w stanie kapłańskim w dzisiejszym Kościele. Teologia nie jest czynnikiem, który mógłby łatwo „uzdrowić” posługę kapłańską w Kościele, ale na pewno stanowi pierwszy poziom szukanego i oczekiwanego odnowienia tej posługi. Sobór Watykański II, wychodząc z takiego właśnie założenia, dostarczył nam nauczania o kapłaństwie, które wciąż domaga się pogłębionego i zaktualizowanego odczytywania. Prezentowane tutaj refleksje teologiczne wychodzą z takiego właśnie założenia i w tym tkwi ich aktualność.
Binary Nanoalloy Clusters: A Case Study for FeCr Clusters.
Authors: Ganguly Shreemoyee
Published: June 2020

A study of FexCry binary nanoalloy clusters is carried out for sizes n=x+y=13 and 55, the first two closed shell structures. While for n=13, various compositions like x=12 and y=1; x=11 and y=2; x=10 and y=3 ; x=1 and y=12 are studied, for the larger size (n=55)
the morphology of a Fe-rich cluster (Fe42Cr13) and a Cr-rich cluster (Fe13Cr42) are analysed. The potential energy surface of the nanoalloys are scanned thoroughly using an evolutionary genetic algorithm in conjunction with a density functional theory based first principles
method and the most stable clusters are picked up for every size and composition. A definite hierarchy in Cr-Cr,Fe-Cr and Fe-Fe bonding strengths is seen to determine the stability of the clusters. Cr-Cr bonding is promoted over Fe-Cr bonding which in turn is preferred over Fe-Fe bonding in
the nanoalloy systems.
A real space approach to study the effect of disorder on the ±s-wave state of the iron-based superconductors.
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Subhadeep , Singh Prashant , Ganguly Shreemoyee
Published: June 2020

In this work we present a real space based method to analyse the consequence of randomness on a model two band Hubbard Hamiltonian which represents a “± s-wave superconductor”. A ironpnictide superconductor has this symmetry of superconducting order parameter. Using
our method we analyse the effect of substitutional disorder on diagonal and off-diagonal terms of the Hamiltonian of the system. Disorder in the interband intersite hopping integral is seen to kill superconductivity in the system. Thus such randomness leads us to a paradigm beyond Anderson's
proposition for “dirty superconductors”
Comparative study on safety knowledge of Deodrant/Antiperspirant among college students
Authors: Bhattacharjee Gargi , Mitra Kamala
Published: June 2020

The paper deals with the survey about the safety knowledge of college students on deodorant or antiperspirant. The college students have been chosen from colleges situated in urban and rural areas of West Bengal. A structured questionnaire has been developed and used for the survey
on the under-graduate college students. Descriptive statistics and t-tests have been computed for analyzing the data statistically. The results show that there is significant difference in safety knowledge between college students from rural and urban areas.
Reformas Penais na Colômbia (1830-1940): Ideologias Políticas, Organização do Poder e Valores Sociais
Authors: Felizzola Aura Helena Peñas , Soares Gláucio Ary Dillon
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Este artigo analisa as tendências qualitativas e quantitativas na punição formal na Colômbia em quatro dos códigos penais aprovados entre 1830 e 1940. O objetivo é explorar o poder explicativo de teorias sociais sobre as penas previstas nas leis, sendo elas: a) a de Durkheim, que atribui a maior severidade das punições ao predomínio da solidariedade mecânica e à maior concentração do poder político; b) a marxista, baseada na concepção do direito penal como ideologia da classe dominante; e c) as de Merton e Elias, que destacam a conexão existente entre a severidade das penas previstas na lei e as violências reais. Se conclui que o sistema penal busca impor ideias de ordem social que se configuram sobretudo através da política, mas que também recebem influências morais, religiosas e econômicas.
The role of spatial and environmental variables in shaping aquatic insect assemblages in two protected areas in the transition area between Cerrado and Amazônia
Authors: Barbosa Derise de Assunção , Brasil Leandro Schlemmer , Azevêdo Carlos Augusto Silva de , Lima Lucas Ramos Costa
Published: June 2020

Abstract: The distribution of aquatic insects of the orders Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) can be influenced by factors such as water quality, habitat integrity and biogeography. The present study evaluated the structure of EPT assemblages in streams in the Cerrado, a global biodiversity hotspot. Samples were collected from 20 streams in two protected areas: Parque Estadual do Mirador (10 streams) and Parque Nacional da Chapada das Mesas (10 streams). A total of 1987 specimens were collected, representing 46 taxa of EPT. The two study areas did not differ significantly in taxonomic richness of EPT genera (t = -1.119, p = 0.279) and abundance of individuals (t = 0.268, p = 0.791) but did differ in genus composition (Pseudo-F = 2.088, R2 = 0.103, p = 0.015) and environmental variables (Pseudo-F = 2,282, R2 = 0.112, p = 0.014). None of the tested environmental variables were correlated with the community but a spatial filter captured an effect of the spatial distribution of streams. The region of the study is located in MATOPIBA, which is the last agricultural frontier of the Cerrado. Therefore, it is important that there is police and monitoring so that the “Parque Estadual do Mirador” and the “Parque Nacional da Chapada das Mesas” continue to play their role in conserving biodiversity in the future.
A prática do leilão como proposta de mercado eficiente para a feira de gado: o caso de Alagoas
Authors: Silva Filho José Adeilton da , Santos Fabrício Rios Nascimento
Published: June 2020

Resumo: O artigo analisou a prática do leilão como proposta de mercado eficiente para a feira de gado de Alagoas. O objetivo foi verificar os impactos econômicos decorrente da adoção da prática do leilão, uma vez que o modus operandi atual sofre interposições oriundas do desequilíbrio do poder de barganha e da assimetria informacional, não permitindo uma alocação eficiente. A pesquisa foi realizada nas duas maiores feiras do estado, que ocorrem no município de Dois Riachos e no povoado de Canafístula de Frei Damião, no município de Palmeira dos Índios. Após aplicação de questionário e visitas in loco, foi possível diagnosticar que o mercado de barganha presente na feira é ineficiente, existindo assimetria informacional nas relações entre comprador e vendedor, o que resulta numa divisão desigual do conjunto em conflito, com 47% para o vendedor e 53% para o comprador, evidenciando menos poder de barganha para o vendedor. A prática do leilão muda o jogo para não cooperativo, eliminando os problemas preexistentes e fazendo com que as médias dos preços dos animais vendidos sejam maiores. Sendo assim, a prática do leilão é uma alternativa viável para o aumento da eficiência da feira de gado de Alagoas.
Condicionantes Motivacionais Escolha Residência Multiprofissional Atenção Básica
Authors: Sardá Júnior Jamir , Dias Israel Domingos , Ros Marco Aurélio Da , Oliveira Gabrielly Bos de
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Introdução: A residência multiprofissional (RM) é uma modalidade de pós-graduação que agrega graduados de diversas áreas da saúde. Trata-se de uma modalidade de aprendizado em serviço. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os condicionantes motivacionais para a escolha do programa de RM de uma universidade situada no Vale de Itajaí, em Santa Catarina, por seus candidatos. Método: Para a realização desta pesquisa, adotou-se uma abordagem mista, quantitativa e qualitativa, em que se aplicaram questionários aos alunos da graduação do ensino superior e realizaram-se entrevistas com residentes do segundo ano. O número de participantes da pesquisa foi estipulado considerando o número total de alunos em sala de aula e, dentre estes, aqueles que tinham interesse em ingressar na RM. Participaram da amostra 123 alunos, dos quais 81 não tinham interesse em realizar a RM e 42 gostariam de participar do programa. Na análise dos dados oriundos dos questionários, utilizou-se a estatística descritiva (frequência simples e relativa). Os conteúdos da entrevista foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Participaram da aplicação de questionários 123 alunos dos últimos períodos dos cursos de Psicologia, Educação Física, Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia, Medicina, Enfermagem e Nutrição; além disso, foram entrevistados oito residentes. Resultados: Constatou-se que 62% dos participantes buscam a residência como uma forma de capacitação profissional, dois quais 21% têm interesse em atuar em saúde coletiva/SUS, e outros 19% referem ter interesse em participar da residência em função da atuação multiprofissional. Conclusões: A análise de conteúdo indica que os residentes percebem como desafios a tarefa de atuar no sistema público devido a falta de mão de obra, dos aparelhos instrumentais e saturação de demanda e relações interpessoais com os colegas de outras especialidades. Entre os fatores motivacionais para entrada dos estudantes no programa de RM, destacam-se a experiência profissional, o interesse em saúde coletiva/SUS e o comprometimento social. A presença de profissionais que são referência na saúde coletiva também emergiu como um aspecto motivador importante na escolha dos profissionais por essa área de atuação. Os resultados deste estudo reforçam o importante do papel da RM na formação profissional visando atendimento em saúde coletiva.
Estratégias de Ensino-Aprendizagem para Formação Humanista, Crítica, Reflexiva e Ética na Graduação Médica: Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Moura Ananda Cristine Amador de , Mariano Lucas de Ávila , Gottems Leila Bernarda Donato , Bolognani Cláudia Vicari , Fernandes Sérgio Eduardo Soares , Bittencourt Roberto José
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Introdução: A medicina é uma área do conhecimento diretamente associada às relações humanas e influenciada por elas. A prática médica requer mais que conhecimento técnico, necessita de habilidades que possibilitem a aplicação adequada da técnica para a recuperação e promoção da saúde de um indivíduo. As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) atuais trazem em seu texto as competências necessárias à formação médica, que vão além do campo técnico. As DCN orientam que a graduação médica deve ser pautada em uma formação generalista, humanista, crítica, reflexiva e ética. Nesse contexto, buscou-se com esta revisão identificar estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem utilizadas para o alcance das referidas competências psicossociais na graduação médica. Método: Foi realizada revisão sistemática, em que se pesquisaram artigos que apresentassem intervenções e/ou métodos pedagógicos para a aquisição, durante a graduação médica, de competências necessárias a uma formação médica generalista, humanista, crítica, reflexiva e ética. Os estudos selecionados foram sintetizados e analisados com base nos critérios do sistema Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (Grade). Resultados: A estratégia de busca inicialmente resultou em 98 artigos elegíveis, dos quais, após segunda avaliação, 11 artigos primários foram selecionados. Inicialmente, agruparam-se os artigos conforme a competência segundo a qual foram pesquisados e reorganizados de acordo com o critério conceitual em que se enquadraram. Assim, dos 11 artigos selecionados com a estratégia de busca, seis foram classificados como formação humanista, dois como formação crítica, dois como formação reflexiva e um como formação ética. Conclusões: Os estudos encontrados mostram que dimensões importantes da formação médica, muitas vezes deixadas de lado durante a graduação, podem ser abordadas de maneira sistemática e com métodos pedagógicos já validados na literatura, pois trata-se de métodos de ensino-aprendizagem efetivos que agregam habilidades fundamentais ao graduando em Medicina, retirando do currículo oculto competências fundamentais ao médico em formação. Com a passagem dessas competências para um currículo formal, torna-se possível avaliá-las e melhorar a qualidade da formação médica. Dessa forma, essas estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem incorporam atitudes que podem significar o sucesso ou insucesso profissional médico.
Características de um Professor Exemplar: Percepções de Estudantes e Professores
Authors: Távora Lara Gurgel Fernandes , Amorim Laila Teixeira , Teixeira João Pedro Brasil , Mota Heitor Moita , Costa Thais Barroso Vieira , Costa Victor Fernandes Távora Vieira
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Introdução: Na área médica, a forma de ensinar e aprender vem mudando com o tempo. Dessa forma, a investigação dos atributos que tornam um professor exemplar é importante para formular novas estratégias de ensino na educação médica. O presente estudo objetiva avaliar a percepção dos discentes e docentes do curso de Medicina sobre quais qualidades o docente deve ter para ser considerado um modelo. Método: Trata de um estudo quantitativo, transversal, com estudantes e professores do curso de Medicina da Universidade de Fortaleza (Unifor). Foi aplicado aos participantes um questionário elaborado pelos autores sobre os atributos mais importantes para ser considerado um bom professor. Cada atributo deveria receber peso de 1 a 5 caso o participante o julgasse menos ou mais importante. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 74 professores e 344 alunos. As maiores médias nos dois grupos foram para a “atitude no ambiente de ensino” e “interação com os alunos e colegas”, embora os professores tenham valorizado mais esses domínios (p = 0,03 e p = 0,006, respectivamente). O domínio “características pessoais” foi menos valorizado pelos alunos (p = 0,02). No domínio “atitude no ambiente de ensino”, facilitar a aprendizagem e ter uma atitude ética com o paciente foram as características mais valorizadas, embora os professores tenham valorizado ainda mais este último (p = 0,001). No domínio “interação com os alunos e colegas”, a capacidade de estimular a participação do aluno foi considerada menos importante pelos alunos (p = 0,001). No domínio “características pessoais”, ter entusiasmo pelo ensino foi bastante valorizado, entretanto os professores tenderam a dar um peso maior que os alunos (p = 0,001). A avaliação do domínio “desenvolvimento profissional” mostrou que o envolvimento com pesquisa foi o menos valorizado pelos participantes. Conclusões: Esses resultados sugerem que, para a identificação de um professor exemplar, os dois grupos valorizaram não apenas as atitudes relacionadas à docência, mas sobretudo as atitudes no ambiente de ensino e na interação com alunos e colegas. Sugerem ainda a necessidade de desenvolver estratégias de valorização da pesquisa científica, inclusive com incentivos para uma maior participação dos docentes e discentes, ressaltando a sua a importância na formação médica.
Quality of Life and Graduation in Medicine
Authors: Miranda Isabela Maria Melo , Tavares Helen Hana Fernandes , Silva Heloísa Rodrigues Soares da , Braga Monise Santana , Santos Raquel de Oliveira , Guerra Heloísa Silva
Published: June 2020

Abstract: Introduction: In recent years, the quality of life of medical students has been questioned, given the context in which they are inserted. Stress as a result of the number of long hours, difficulty in reconciling academic and personal life, exposure to situations of pain and suffering, have been shown to be the main factors for the decrease in quality of life of these students. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life of medical students and its associated factors. Method: Cross-sectional study with 419 medical students from a public institution in Goiás. The study was carried out with students over 18 years old and enrolled in the second to the eighth semester of medical school, between 2017 and 2018. Sociodemographic and lifestyle questionnaires and the World Health Organization Questionnaire for Quality of Life - Brief Form (WHOQOL-BREF) were used. Results: The factors related to low quality of life were: female gender, the use of stimulants, thinking about giving up medical school and having comorbidities. Those related to a better quality of life were consuming fruits and vegetables, practicing physical activity, more sleeping time and stress management. Conclusion: This study found a set of factors capable of interfering with the quality of life of these students, suggesting the need for interventions aimed at pedagogical and psychological support.
Boas Práticas de Gestão e Capacidade Absortiva: Impactos na Produtividade das Firmas
Authors: Jacomossi Rafael Ricardo , Feldmann Paulo Roberto
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Contexto: poucos são os estudos que visam a calcular a produtividade em nível microeconômico e uma das variáveis que contribuem para isso é a capacidade das firmas de absorver o conhecimento externo - capacidade absortiva. Contudo, outra variável também vem ganhando poder de explicação nessa direção - a das boas práticas de gestão. Ocorre que não se encontra facilmente estudos que tratem essas duas variáveis em conjunto e que as relacione com a produtividade. Objetivo: o objetivo desta pesquisa é entender como se dá a interação entre boas práticas de gestão e a capacidade absortiva das firmas e seu impacto sobre a produtividade. Método: foi utilizado o método multicasos, tendo este sido aplicado em indústrias transnacionais e nacionais. Resultados: os resultados apontam que a existência de boas práticas de gestão atua como uma influenciadora da capacidade absortiva, e que tal relação gera um impacto positivo sobre a produtividade das firmas. Ademais, foi revelado que os processos de gestão nas empresas transnacionais contribuem de forma mais efetiva quanto à capacidade absortiva e produtividade do que nas empresas nacionais. Conclusões: como contribuição, é apresentado um modelo de análise que demonstra as relações entre as variáveis estudadas, podendo-se evidenciar a importância das boas práticas de gestão como determinante ao desenvolvimento da capacidade absortiva e à melhoria das condições de produtividade das firmas.
Concentração e Competição no Mercado de Crédito Doméstico
Authors: Azevedo Monique de Abreu , Gartner Ivan Ricardo
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Contexto: o mercado financeiro tem vivenciado acentuadas reestruturações e concentrações nas últimas décadas. À medida que os bancos expandem o escopo de suas atividades, levantam preocupações quanto ao impacto sobre a competitividade do setor. Se as características da indústria financeira, que colaboram para tornar o setor mais concentrado, podem torná-la menos competitiva, implica avaliar a relação entre concentração e concorrência. Objetivo: o objetivo geral deste estudo consiste em promover diagnóstico da organização do mercado de crédito nacional mediante cálculo e análise de indicadores de concentração e de competição, entre 2000 e 2019. Métodos: para mensurar a concentração, são utilizados os índices de Herfindahl-Hirschman e a Razão de Concentração dos Cinco Maiores. O grau de competição é estimado via modelo econométrico de Lerner aplicado a dados dispostos em um painel com informações contábeis-financeiras de instituições financeiras. Resultados: os resultados sugerem que embora a concentração tenha se elevado no recorte temporal considerado, a competitividade não se deteriorou, reforçando o argumento de referências seminais de que concentração não necessariamente prejudica competição. Conclusão: diante de ausência de consenso acadêmico, este trabalho elucida a relação entre concentração e competitividade. Ainda, ganha relevância ao apontar o papel da regulação e das cooperativas de crédito no aumento da concorrência recente. O trabalho torna-se, assim, passível de apoiar políticas capazes de promover a contestabilidade, como iniciativas que flexibilizem restrições à entrada de instituições não bancárias e de empresas de tecnologia financeira.
Governança Corporativa: Fator Preponderante no Ativismo de Acionistas no Brasil
Authors: Collares Marta Leite
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Objetivo: este trabalho verificou a relação entre o ativismo de acionistas e os elementos de governança corporativa e desempenho financeiro das empresas brasileiras selecionadas, articulando a teoria da agência e o conceito voice da teoria exit, voice, and loyalty. Métodos: o ativismo foi apurado por um índice constituído pelo somatório de suas ocorrências, observadas nas atas das assembleias de 2016 e 2017 das cem empresas de capital aberto da amostra. Fatores de governança e desempenho corresponderam aos anos de 2015 e 2016, coletados via Economática®. Aplicou-se a regressão quantílica (RQ) e os resultados foram comparados com a regressão por mínimos quadrados ordinários (MQO). Resultados: houve melhor adequação da RQ frente ao método de MQO, sugerindo que a governança afeta negativamente o ativismo e que seus efeitos são heterogêneos nas diferentes partes de sua distribuição. Resultados inconclusivos foram obtidos para variáveis de desempenho. Testes de robustez indicaram melhor capacidade explicativa para observações de ativismo em empresas posicionadas nos últimos 20% mais altos do índice. Conclusão: foram encontradas evidências significativas de relação entre ativismo e governança, o que não ocorre de forma conclusiva com relação a desempenho, revelando o predomínio da primeira variável.
Gênese, Impacto e Identidade da Revista de Administração Contemporânea
Authors: Rossoni Luciano , Rosa Rodrigo Assunção
Published: June 2020

RESUMO Contexto: como as pessoas e as organizações, os periódicos também apresentam uma identidade. Assim, pensar na identidade de um periódico científico remete, em primeiro lugar, a compreender como sua trajetória moldou suas preferências acerca do que seus membros entendem sobre ciência e academia. Em segundo lugar, remete a como ele se projeta na comunidade científica, tanto em termos de regras de julgamento sobre o que é considerado válido como pesquisa quanto da intensidade e do modo como ele impacta o conhecimento científico e a realidade social. Objetivo: diante desse contexto, buscamos, neste artigo, recuperar elementos distintivos da Revista de Administração Contemporânea (RAC) em sua gênese, ressaltando como tal período deixou uma impressão duradoura em sua identidade. Método: utilizamos textos históricos e depoimentos para embasar nossos argumentos, triangulando o material qualitativo com padrões de citação, de referência e de escrita científica para evidenciar a identidade e o impacto da RAC. Resultados: as análises apontam que a RAC, desde sua gênese, diferenciou-se pelo rigor teórico, metodológico e empírico. Isso refletiu, ao longo do tempo, em seu impacto e centralidade na comunidade acadêmica. Conclusão: defendemos que a eficácia na construção da identidade da RAC a levou a ser o periódico mais influente da área de administração.
PATTERNS OF FIBER INTAKE AMONG BRAZILIAN ADULTS: PERCEPTIONS FROM AN ONLINE NATIONWIDE SURVEY
Authors: PASSOS Maria do Carmo F , TAKEMOTO Maira Libertad Soligo , GUEDES Luciana S
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Adequate fiber intake is associated with digestive health and reduced risk of several noncommunicable diseases and is recognized as essential for human health (World Health Organization, 2003). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a daily fiber consumption of ≥25 g, but previous studies observed a fiber intake in Brazil lower than recommended. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to describe fiber intake among adults in Brazil and also respondents’ knowledge and perceptions about their fiber intake. METHODS: National online survey with community-dwelling Brazilian individuals. The survey was conducted during September 2018, using an online platform with closed-ended questions. A representative sample of Brazilian internet users stratified by sex, age, socioeconomic status and geographic region was adopted. Sample size was calculated using a 2% error margin and 95% confidence interval (n=2,000). Data was descriptively analyzed using measures of frequency, central tendency and dispersion. RESULTS: Sample included 2,000 individuals who were well-balanced in terms of sex (51.2% female), with mean age of 35.9 years (most represented age group was 35-54 years, 39.6%) and from all country geographic regions (49.4% from Southeast). A total of 69.7% of them consider their usual diet as healthy and 78.4% reported consuming fibers regularly. Fibers from natural sources are consumed at least once a day by 69.5% of the sample, while daily fiber supplements were reported by 29.9%. Absence of regular fiber intake was reported by 21.7% of respondents and the most common reason was “lack of knowledge about fiber sources” (39.3%). When informed about the food sources of each type of fiber (soluble and insoluble) and asked about the regular intake, only 2.5% answered that they do not consume any of them regularly (as opposed to 21.7% before receiving information about specific fiber sources). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that fiber intake in Brazil is probably insufficient with a high proportion of individuals reporting irregular or absent ingestion of fiber sources in their daily lives. Lack of knowledge about fiber sources and fiber types seems to play a role in this inadequate intake, highlighting the need for nutritional education to achieve healthy dietary patterns in the country.
ORAL AND PHARYNGEAL TRANSIT IN FUNCTIONAL HEARTBURN
Authors: CASSIANI Rachel Aguiar , DANTAS Roberto Oliveira
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux disease is associated with slower transit of the bolus through the pharynx and upper esophageal sphincter. Functional heartburn has similar symptoms to gastroesophageal reflux disease, however, the symptoms are not caused by reflux. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate oral and pharyngeal transit in patients with functional heartburn, with the hypothesis that, similar to patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, they have changes in pharyngeal and upper esophageal sphincter transit time. METHODS: Oral and pharyngeal transit was evaluated by videofluoroscopy in eight women with functional heartburn, five with mild dysphagia for solid foods, and 12 female controls. Controls and patients swallowed in duplicate 5 mL and 10 mL of liquid and paste boluses. RESULTS: No difference in the oral or pharyngeal transit time was found between patients and controls. No aspiration of bolus into the airways was detected in any individual. Pharyngeal residues were detected in the same proportion of swallows, in patients (12.5%) and controls (15.0%), after swallows of 10 mL paste bolus. CONCLUSION: Oral, pharyngeal and upper esophageal sphincter transit time are similar in patients with functional heartburn to healthy controls.
BOWEL FREQUENCY AND SYMPTOMS OF CONSTIPATION AND ITS RELATION WITH THE LEVEL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH CHAGAS DISEASE
Authors: TEZA Daniela Carolina Barizon , FERREIRA Érika Cristina , GOMES Mônica Lúcia
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Intestinal constipation (IC) in patients with the digestive form of Chagas disease is one of the main reasons for seeking medical care. Population data indicate that the practice of physical activity improves gastrointestinal motility. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the bowel frequency and symptoms of constipation and their relationship with the level of physical activity in patients with and without Chagas disease. METHODS: Patients (n=120) of both genres, aged between 35 and 84 years, in which 50% (n=60) were in the Chagas group and 50% (n=60) were in the control group, were evaluated regarding the level of IC using the Constipation Assessment Scale (CAS) and regarding the level of physical activity using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). RESULTS - Patients in the Chagas group classified as active (IPAQ 2) had higher proportion (P=0.0235) of moderate IC with severe abdominal distension (P=0.0159) and decreased evacuation frequency (P=0.0281) than the patients in the control group, considered to be very active (IPAQ 1). The sedentary lifestyle was greater (P=0.0051) in the Chagas group with duration, intensity and frequency of physical activity lower than the control group. The health perception in the Chagas group was regular for 46.7% (P=0.0035) and poor for 8.3% (P=0.0244). CONCLUSION: There is a lower risk of developing intestinal constipation in more active individuals, evidencing that the level of physical activity interferes with bowel frequency and symptoms of constipation in patients with and without Chagas disease. The level of physical activity and health perception were worse in the Chagas group, reinforcing the disease stigma, which should be modified by the training of health professionals who routinely attend these patients.
PORTUGUESE VERSION OF THE SNAQ QUESTIONNAIRE: TRANSLATION AND CULTURAL ADAPTATION
Authors: ZUKERAN Mariana Staut , APRAHAMIAN Ivan , VICENTE Beatriz Martins , RIBEIRO Sandra Maria Lima
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Poor appetite is common through the aging process and increases the risk of weight loss, protein-energy malnutrition, immunossupression, sarcopenia and frailty. The Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) has the aim to monitor appetite and identify older adults at risk of weight loss. OBJECTIVE: To describe the process of translation and cultural adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese of the SNAQ. METHODS: The translation and cultural adaptation was developed in five steps: translation (by three of the authors of the manuscript and assembled by consensus), backtranslation (by an English native speaker), semantic evaluation (by one verontologist and one nutritionist), comprehension of content (by nutrition specialists and by a group of older persons), pre-test and the SNAQ final version development. RESULTS: The SNAQ Portuguese version maintained the original version meaning and referral. To achieve this feature, the process required some modifications to improve the understanding of older persons, such as inclusion of other options to the answers of some questions, rewritten of one question and inclusion of a meal definition. CONCLUSION: SNAQ questionnaire has been successfully translated and adapted to Portuguese. As our next step, we are validating this tool in different clinical settings in Brazil.
PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTIPATION IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN: A COMMUNITY-BASED STUDY
Authors: DANTAS Amanda Almeida Gomes , BARBOSA Isabelle Ribeiro , CASTRO Shamyr Sulyvan de , FERREIRA Caroline Wanderley Souto , CAMARA Saionara Maria Aires da , DANTAS Diego de Sousa
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Intestinal constipation is characterized by problems related to evacuation, and presents high prevalence in the female gender. This condition has demonstrated negative effects on the development of daily activities, causing damage to the physical and emotional well-being of individuals who are diagnosed with it. Studies that investigate what health impairments intestinal constipation can cause are scarce in the literature. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to verify the prevalence and factors associated with intestinal constipation in premenopausal women living in Northeastern Brazil. METHODS: It is a cross-sectional study. This was carried out in the northeast of Brazil. Participated 195 women, adult and middle age. Social conditions, habits and lifestyle, clinical aspects and obstetric history were investigated. Constipation was diagnosed using the Rome III Criteria. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Poisson Regression with robust variance to analyze the relationship between intestinal constipation and independent variables. A statistical significance level of P<0.05 was considered. RESULTS: Most of the women were between 25 and 39 years old (49.2%) and had an income of up to one minimum wage (79.5%). The intestinal constipation prevalence was 35.4%. In the final multivariate regression model, hemorrhoid clinical aspects (P=0.01), pain (P=0.001) and a burning sensation (P=0.01) on bowel movement, and sexual dysfunction (P=0.03) remained associated with constipation. CONCLUSION: The present study found a significant prevalence of constipation among premenopausal women and clinical factors such as hemorrhoids, pain and a burning sensation, and sexual dysfunction were associated with intestinal constipation.