bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Considerations for the Assessment of Substrates, Genetics and Risk Factors in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Linz Dominik , Verheule Sander , Isaacs Aaron , Schotten Ulrich
Published: November 2021

Successful translation of research focussing on atrial arrhythmogenic mechanisms has potential to provide a mechanism-tailored classification and to support personalised treatment approaches in patients with AF. The clinical uptake and clinical implementation of new diagnostic techniques and treatment strategies require translational research approaches on various levels. Diagnostic translation involves the development of clinical diagnostic tools. Additionally, multidisciplinary teams are required for collaborative translation to describe genetic mechanisms, molecular pathways, electrophysiological characteristics and concomitant risk factors. In this article, current approaches for AF substrate characterisation, analysis of genes potentially involved in AF and strategies for AF risk factor assessment are summarised. The authors discuss challenges and obstacles to clinical translation and implementation into clinical practice.
The DAPA Trial in the Context of Previous Prophylactic ICD Landmark Trials
Authors: Haanschoten Danielle , Elvan Arif
Published: November 2021

In patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy and severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), an arrhythmogenic milieu is created by a complex interplay between myocardial scarring (assessed by cardiac MRI) and multiple other factors (ventricular ectopy, ischaemia and autonomic imbalance), favouring the occurrence of arrhythmic sudden cardiac death (SCD). Currently, a dynamic and robust model of dichotomised SCD risk assessment after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is lacking, underlining the urgent need for further refinement of the widely accepted and guidelines-based criteria (ischaemic cardiomyopathy, LVEF ≤35%) for primary prevention. This review addresses the potential additional value of the recently published Defibrillator After Primary Angioplasty (DAPA) trial results. The DAPA trial conveys important messages and provides novel perspectives regarding left ventricular function post-primary PCI as an (early) risk marker for SCD and the impact of prophylactic ICD implantation on survival in this cohort. In the context of other previous primary prevention trials, DAPA was the first trial including only ST-elevation MI patients all treated with acute PCI.
The Use of Electrocardiographic Imaging in Localising the Origin of Arrhythmias During Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Graham Adam J , Schilling Richard J
Published: November 2021

Non-invasive electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) is a novel clinical tool for mapping ventricular arrhythmia. Using multiple body surface electrodes to collect unipolar electrograms and conventional medical imaging of the heart, an epicardial shell can be created to display calculated electrograms. This calculation is achieved by solving the inverse problem and allows activation times to be calculated from a single beat. The technology was initially pioneered in the US using an experimental torso-shaped tank. Accuracy from studies in humans has varied. Early data was promising, with more recent work suggesting only moderate accuracy when reproducing cardiac activation. Despite these limitations, the system has been successfully used in pioneering work with non-invasive cardiac radioablation to treat ventricular arrhythmia. This suggests that the resolution may be sufficient for treatment of large target areas. Although untested in a well conducted clinical study it is likely that it would not be accurate enough to guide more discreet radiofrequency ablation.
corpo fenomenológico em Edith Stein e Simone Weil
Authors: Missaggia Juliana , Ávila Paola Ramos
Published: November 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma análise comparativa da forma como Edith Stein e Simone Weil desenvolvem o conceito de “corpo”, sobretudo em escritos de juventude. Para isso, partimos de uma análise de como cada uma das filósofas entende a corporeidade, indicando, a seguir, as semelhanças e diferenças. Embora encontremos diversos estudos apontando a afinidade entre as autoras, tais trabalhos costumam investigar as semelhanças biográficas, ou o envolvimento de ambas com a vivência mística. Seguindo, no entanto, um caminho pouco explorado, procuramos analisar as convergências e divergências, no que diz respeito, especificamente, à noção de corpo, demonstrando, através deste estudo, como tanto Stein como Weil apresentam considerações originais em torno do tema, assunto, também, pouco investigado nas pesquisas sobre a fenomenologia da corporeidade.
Harmostes Burmeister, 1835 (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Rhopalidae): new records, with an emphasis in the southernmost region of Brazil
Authors: Ramos Thaíz , Barcellos Aline
Published: November 2021

Harmostes Burmeister, 1835 (Rhopalidae, Rhopalinae) comprises 32 species distributed from Canada to southern South America. From the analysis of material deposited in collections, we identified and diagnosed the species of Harmostes from the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Among the analyzed material, seven species of Harmostes are included, six of them being reported from the state for the first time. The known geographical distribution in other Brazilian regions was also expanded for H. (H.) serratus (Fabricius, 1775) (Amapá, Amazonas, Santa Catarina), H. (N.) apicatus Stål, 1859 (Mato Grosso do Sul), and H. (H.) incisuratus Distant, 1881 (Santa Catarina).
El iusnaturalismo racionalista de los siglos XVII y XVIII y el primer movimiento codificador europeo
Authors: Delgado-Rojas Jesús-Ignacio
Published: November 2021

El derecho natural racionalista brindo una nueva filosofia al pensamiento etico, politico y juridico de los siglos XVII y XVIII. En este trabajo examino la incidencia del iusracionalismo en la codificacion. Los principios y metodos del derecho natural, tomados de las ciencias naturales, marcaran la nueva ciencia de la legislacion. Se desplaza la atencion del voluntarismo politico medieval al ilustrado individualismo juridico. Reviso las contribuciones de los principales representantes de la escuela del derecho natural a la elaboracion de los codigos. El encuentro entre el iusnaturalismo, basado en la confianza en la razon humana para conocer, y el programa politico de la Ilustracion legaron una forma de hacer y pensar el derecho de la que hoy seguimos siendo herederos.
O Estudo científico do mar entre ciência e política Estado, laboratórios e cientistas (1910-1926)
Authors: SALGUEIRO Ângela
Published: November 2021

Resumo Estudar o processo de institucionalização da biologia marinha em Portugal é fundamental para a compreensão do estudo científico do mar, espaço que permanecia bastante desconhecido no início do século XX. Partindo da análise das primeiras estações experimentais, a Estação da Foz e a Estação de Biologia Marítima, cuja atividade tem lugar no Atlântico europeu, pretende-se compreender o papel desempenhado pelos diferentes atores em presença; a sua influência na definição, ou não, de políticas públicas para o oceano; e identificar casos de interseção entre ciência, política e economia. Apesar de se verificarem iniciativas anteriores ao período republicano (1910-1926), seria nesse contexto que se criariam as condições indispensáveis à afirmação disciplinar da biologia marinha e à formação de especialistas, pelo apoio governamental ao setor e pela valorização pública das instituições científicas. Partindo de uma análise extensiva das fontes impressas disponíveis em arquivos e bibliotecas públicas, sob a perspetiva da história da ciência, tornou-se evidente a vantagem do modelo estatal no desenvolvimento de estabelecimentos dedicados à investigação em biologia marinha, o que possibilitaria um diálogo frutífero entre ciência, as necessidades estratégicas estatais e a definição de políticas públicas de governança do oceano, no âmbito do ICES.
Cutaneous mast cell tumor in a captive Bush dog (Speothos venaticus): pathological and immunophenotypical aspects - case report
Authors: Santos D.O. , Oliveira A.R. , Carvalho T.P. , Paula N.F. , Tinoco H.P. , Coelho C.M. , Ribeiro A.T.P.G. , Martins G.C. , Veloso E.S. , Ferreira E. , Pierezan F. , Santos R.L.
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT A senile male captive bush dog (Speothos venaticus) presented a small perianal cutaneous nodule. Histologically, there was an ulcerated round cell tumor composed of well differentiated mast cells with abundant intracytoplasmic purple Giemsa-positive granules, with a diffuse eosinophilic infiltrate. Immunohistochemistry revealed that 30% of the neoplastic cells were positive for Kit in the cytoplasm and cell membrane, and all neoplastic cells were negative for MAC and CD3. Less than 10% of the neoplastic cells were positive for Ki67. At necropsy other primary tumors were identified in this animal, including an intestinal adenoma, an adrenal cortex adenoma and a testicular interstitial cell tumor.
Morbidity and mortality in Holstein calves from birth to 145 days of age on a large dairy farm in Brazil
Authors: Gomes V. , Pinheiro F.A. , Silva K.N. , Bosco K.A. , Morita L.M. , Minervino A.H.H. , Madureira K.M.
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to investigate the morbidity and mortality associated with the most common diseases during the rearing period of Holstein calves in a high-production dairy farm. The calves (n = 600) were allocated to three groups based on age: G1 (1-7 days, n = 216), G2 (30-40 days, n = 188), and G3 (69-85 days, n = 196). They were evaluated over 60 days at eight different times. The morbidity rates were 47.67% (286/600) for diarrhea, 73.00% (438/600) for bovine respiratory disease (BRD), and 3.83% (23/600) for umbilical inflammation (UI). The mortality rate was 2.33% (14/600) for all the animals studied. The morbidity differed in the groups, with higher rates of diarrhea (78.85%, 166/216) and UI (6.94%, 15/216) in G1, and the highest rate of BRD in G3 (79.59%, 156/196). Diarrhea was associated with the occurrence of BRD in G1 and G2. Even in farms with good management practices, there is high morbidity associated with diarrhea and BRD, with the morbidity rate for diarrhea decreasing and that for BRD increasing as the animals get older. In addition, diarrhea is an important risk factor for BRD, especially in younger animals.
Deradelphous Cephalothoracoomphalopagus in kittens - case report
Authors: Rodrigues V.C.C. , Oliveira J.B.S. , Sousa C.M.G. , Araújo S.B. , Abreu D.M. , Baêta S.A.F.
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT The present report describes a case of conjoined twins of the cephalo-thoraco-omphalopagus deradelphous type in cats. A feline female was transferred to our veterinary hospital as an emergency for dystocic labor. The stillborn was subjected to radiographic evaluation, and a single skull and two complete distinct vertebral columns were found. Anatomopathological examination revealed that the twins presented the head, chest, and umbilicus as the main points of union and were classified as the cephalo-thoraco-omphalopagus type. In addition, the twins had unique and well-developed faces, which allowed them to be classified as deradelphous. This malformation is rare in domestic animals, and to the best of our knowledge, this type has not been reported in felines. Further studies are warranted on this embryonic alteration, primarily because its etiology remains unknown.
Application of satellite imagery to update depth-area-volume relationships in reservoirs in the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil
Authors: Moura Marina de P. , Ribeiro Neto Alfredo , Costa Fábio A. da
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Reservoirs are the primary source of water supply in the semiarid region of Pernambuco state, Brazil, because of the constant water scarcity affecting this region. Knowledge of the amount of water available is essential for the effective management of water resources. The volume of water stored in the reservoirs is calculated using the depth-area-volume relationship. However, in most reservoirs in the semiarid region, this relationship is currently out of date. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the potential and limitations of the application of the ISODATA unsupervised classification method to calculate the depth-area-volume relationships of reservoirs in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil. The application of the ISODATA method was evaluated in three reservoirs in the state of Pernambuco, i.e., Poço da Cruz, Barra do Juá, and Jucazinho. The results were compared with the updated curves of reservoirs obtained from bathymetry and recent LiDAR surveys. The ISODATA method presented satisfactory results for the three reservoirs analyzed. The mean absolute error of the volume in Poço da Cruz and Barra do Juá was lower than 1% of the maximum capacity. The use of the ISODATA method meant that the surface area underestimation tendency in the Poço da Cruz reservoir was less than when spectral indices were used.
Teaching community of practice: permanent training strategy for teaching vocational training in nursing
Authors: Ribeiro-Barbosa Juliana Costa , Silva Gilberto Tadeu Reis da , Backes Vânia Marli Schubert , Silva Rosana Maria de Oliveira , Oliveira Maria Luiza Carvalho de , Fernandes Josicelia Dumêt
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify possibilities for developing teaching community of practice as a permanent training strategy for teaching in vocational nursing education. Method: This is a qualitative action research, carried out with vocational training professors and pedagogical coordination of a Unified Health System Vocational School of Ceará. Data were collected by focus groups and submitted to Bardin’s content analysis, supported by the Qualitative Data Analysis Software. Results: Possibilities for the development of teaching community of practice were identified by the perception of the need for teacher training, difficulty in reconciling work and study, and the feasibility of promoting this training in a group. Conclusion: Teaching community of practice, in addition to being a viable strategy for nursing professor education, is urgent, as the training of secondary-level workers is crucial for quality of care and consolidation of the Unified Health System.
Taxonomy and Relationships Within Polemonium foliosissimum (Polemoniaceae): Untangling a Clade of Colorful and Gynodioecious Herbs
Authors: Rose Jeffrey P.
Published: November 2021

Abstract— New molecular and ecological data have necessitated taxonomic revisions of several species complexes within Polemonium (Polemoniaceae), including P. foliosissimum, an herbaceous perennial widespread in the Intermountain West of the United States.
As currently circumscribed, P. foliosissimum is a highly polymorphic species of four taxonomic varieties. One of the most striking morphological traits of the species is its diversity in flower color, which is unusual for the genus. Several species have been proposed based on this variation
in flower color. However, these names have been treated as infraspecific taxa because previous authors have concluded that the presence of micropollen grains throughout the geographic range of the species complex indicated partial hybrid sterility and therefore incomplete barriers to gene
flow. However, recent evidence suggests that micropollen is instead due to a gynodioecious breeding system. Using 128 nuclear loci and eight quantitative morphological traits, I clarify relationships and taxonomy within the species complex. I show that what is currently circumscribed as four
varieties of P. foliosissimum represent five species that, in addition to differing in corolla color, differ in leaflet number, corolla size, and vegetative and floral pubescence. I propose a new species endemic to the White Mountains of southeastern Arizona, Polemonium apachianum.
This study provides a new phylogenetic context and taxonomic circumscription to serve as a framework for future research on the evolution of floral color and sexual systems in a previously misunderstood but evolutionarily exciting system.
Investigation of The Effects of Two Nonpharmacological Methods; Using Pacifiers and Maternal Holding, On Pain of Neonates in The Outpatient Clinic and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: GURLU Ramazan , KAHVECİOĞLU Dilek , TATAR AKSOY Hatice , YILMAZ Arzu , ALİOGLU Bulent
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The most important purpose in neonatal pain management is to minimize the pain felt by newborns and to help the newborn cope with pain. This study planned to examine the effects of two non-pharmacological methods, using pacifiers or maternal holding, on neonates’ pain admitted to the outpatient clinic (OC) and hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU).
Material and Methods: Ninety newborns (30 used pacifiers, 30 maternal holding,30 control) who applied to the OC and 60 newborns (30 used pacifiers, 30 control) admitted to the NICU were prospectively included in this study. The Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) was used to evaluate behavioral responses to pain perception. Physiological parameters of newborns and their durations of crying were also evaluated.
Results: When the NIPS scores were analyzed in OC group during and after the procedure, the lowest score was found in the group using pacifiers (p<0.001). As for the NICU patients, both during and after the procedure, NIPS scores were found to be significantly lower in the pacifier users (p<0.001). It was observed that giving pacifiers and mathernal holding had positive effects on physiological parameters and duration of crying in OC patients (p<0.05). No significant difference in the NIPS score was found between OC and NICU group.
Conclusion: This study showed that giving pacifiers and maternal holding during the procedure of blood sampling decreased the NIPS score, restored the changes in physiological parameters and decreased the duration of crying.
Особенности исследований сексуальной ориентации: демографические характеристики российских гомосексуалов
Authors: Толкачев Дмитрий Сергеевич
Published: November 2021

В демографии как один из видов демографического поведения рассматривается сексуальное. Сексуальная ориентация – наиболее широкий термин, предполагающий несколько концепций, от которых зависит дизайн исследования. Сексуальное поведение, сексуальная идентичность и сексуальное влечение требуют различных исследовательских подходов и способов измерения.

В настоящей статье предложен обзор современных направлений в концептуализации и измерении сексуальной ориентации, а также приведено описание демографических данных, полученных в ходе опроса российских гомосексуалов (n=390).

В исследованиях сексуальности в социальных науках можно выделить 3 основных подхода: эссенциалистский, конструтивисткий и квир-подход. Они различаются пониманием истоков (гомо)сексуальности и трактовками ориентации (как идентичности, поведения или влечения). В статье предлагаются варианты формулировок вопросов для измерения сексуальной ориентации в рамках трёх подходов, а также обзор методологических ограничений – проблемы выборки и определения генеральной совокупности.

Мы приводим результаты общероссийского ЛГБТ-опроса и даём описание данных о российских гомосексуалах (геях и лесбиянках). Полученные данные позволяют охарактеризовать возраст осознания и принятия сексуальной ориентации, возраст сексуального дебюта, опыт каминг-аута родственникам, друзьям и коллегам, отношения с родственниками, опыт насилия и дискриминации, доверие органам власти.
The hypothesis of the functional disintegration of the brain due to the persistence of benign epileptiform patterns on the electroencephalogram
Authors: Sadekov I. A. , Polyakov A. V. , Sadekova I. V. , Tupikina E. A. , Kochmar V. Yu. , Termenzhi T. V.
Published: November 2021

In this work, we have analyzed the results of observation of 200 children aged from 3 to 15 years old, who had various neuropsychiatric disorders in combination with benign childhood epileptiform patterns on the electroencephalogram. A hypothesis has been put forward about functional disorders of the developing nervous system with prolonged persistence of benign focal epileptiform discharge of childhood on electroencephalogram, mainly in slow-wave sleep. The possibilities of therapeutic correction of these disorders are discussed.
Neuropsychological mechanisms underlying reading and writing disorders in primary school children
Authors: Sableva A. S.
Published: November 2021

Background. There has been an increasing interest to the diagnostics of learning difficulties in primary school children, which is associated with scientific advances in the interdisciplinary paradigm and high prevalence of difficulties with writing among children. Long-term observations demonstrate the presence of neuropsychological disorders in children with reading and writing disorders, which, in our opinion, necessitates further investigation in the interdisciplinary clinical and pedagogical aspect.

Objective: to perform factor analysis of the mechanism underlying initial development of the disorder and its dynamics, to identify its types considering the development factor in the context of mastering the educational material.

Materials and methods. This study included 10 children of 2nd-5th forms who visited specialists for the first due to learning difficulties.

Results. We have identified several neuropsychological factors that caused problems with writing, including kinetic factor; factor of deliberate regulation of mental activity; modal-specific factors; kinesthetic factor; spatial factor; neurodynamic factor; simultaneous and successive factors; factor of interhemispheric interaction. The most common were the neurodynamic factor and the factor of interhemispheric interaction. We also observed signs of disorders in the deep parts of the brain, subcortical structures in the form of diffuse stem symptoms (in 2 cases, electroencephalography showed diffuse changes in the bioelectric activity of the brain with signs of irritation of the subcortical-diencephalic structures, in particular, synchronization of the main rhythm). We have identified a number of symptoms (primarily originating from the subcortex), such as general decrease in pace, problems with starting to work, rapid fatigue, decreasing productivity, an increase in the number of kinetic and auditory-speech difficulties, and spatial deficits.

Conclusion. The lack of specially organized management in children with neuropsychological syndrome reinforces reading and writing disorders and leads to aggravation and alteration of symptoms during learning. Understanding of neuropsychological mechanisms underlying reading and writing disorders and their course is crucial for differential diagnosis, therapy, and comprehensive correction.
Experience with the use of a ketogenic diet with type 1 glucose transporter deficiency (De Vivo disease)
Authors: Lyukshina N. G.
Published: November 2021

De Vivo disease is characterized by early epileptic encephalopathy, delayed psychomotor development, spasticity, the formation of microcephaly, ataxia, dysarthria, alternating hemiplegia, and a decrease in glucose and lactate levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. Epilepsy is pharmacoresistant and the therapy for this syndrome is the ketogenic diet (until the time when will development of genetic targeted therapy). In GLUT1 deficiency syndrome, mutations are found in the SLC2A1 gene that lead to a decrease in glucose transport across the cell membrane.  The “classic” ketogenic diet is a special high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that helps to control seizures in some people with epilepsy. It is prescribed by a physician and carefully monitored by a dietitian. It is usually used in children with seizures that do not respond to medications. It is stricter than the modified Atkins diet, requiring careful measurements of calories, fluids, and proteins. Foods are weighed and measured. Normal dietary fats, which are used predominantly in the classical ketogenic diet, consist of a mixture of mainly long chain triglyceride (LCT) fats with a small amount of short and medium chain triglyceride (MCT) fats. The MCT ketogenic diet uses a fat supplement that consists only of MCT fats (MCT oil).
Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter caused by EIF2B5 gene mutations: a case report
Authors: Saifullina E. V. , Gaysina E. V. , Magzhanov R. V. , Yalaev A. A. , Nagornov I. O.
Published: November 2021

Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter (VWM disease) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with a specific magnetic resonance pattern characterized by diffuse lesions to the white matter and cystic degeneration. In this article, we report a case VWM disease in a boy with white matter lesions, in whom early onset and neurological symptoms suggested infantile form of the disease. The diagnosis was confirmed by the detection of biallelic mutations c.1688G>A (p.Arg563Gln) and c.1309G>A (p.Val437Met) in the EIF2B5 gene. The c.1309G>A mutation (p.Val437Met) was detected for the first time; it caused the development of severe disease.
Pericallosal lipoma in an infant with fetal alcohol syndrome: a case report
Authors: Golosnaya G. S. , Novikov M. Yu. , Knyazeva N. Yu. , Volodina D. Yu. , Skobeltsyn A. A. , Perepelov V. A. , Ogurtsov A. V. , Larionova T. A. , Ledyaykina L. V. , Seleznev K. A.
Published: November 2021

In this article we report a case of pericallosal lipoma in a newborn with fetal alcohol syndrome, brain malformation (agenesis of the corpus callosum), and intrauterine infection (meningitis) diagnosed in a perinatal center.
The Effect of Label and Medication Package Insert Reading Habits of Parents on their Children’s Oral Dental Health
Authors: Eymirli Pınar Serdar , Öztürk Şeyma , Karahan Sevilay , Turgut Melek Dilek , Tekçiçek Meryem Uzamış
Published: November 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between packaged product label and medication package insert reading habits of parents and their children’s oral/dental health.

Study design: A questionnaire including demographic characteristics and label/insert reading habits was filled by parents of 301 children who referred to the Pediatric Dentistry Department. The children were examined intraorally and dmft/DMFT and ICDAS II scores were recorded. The data were evaluated statistically.

Results: Label and medication package insert reading were found in 71.4% and 88.4% of the parents, respectively. Label reading increased as the age of the child and the number of children in the family increased. Medical package insert reading increased as the mother’s education and SLS/paraben knowledge increased. Decrease of 1 point in ICDAS II resulted in the 1.410 times increase in the rate of medical package insert reading of the parents.

Conclusion: It is concluded that improving the label and medical insert reading rate of the parents would be effective for providing better oral and dental health for their children.
Quantifying Coronal Permanent Tooth Discoloration Caused by Different Pulpotomy Materials
Authors: Azem Hanaa , Blumer Sigalit , Peretz Benjamin , Haj-Yahya Sohad , Elbahary Shlomo
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Bioceramic materials, gray and white mineral trioxide aggregate (GMTA, WMTA), have been shown to have high rates of success in various endodontic applications. A major drawback is their tendency to discolor teeth compared to Biodentine (BD), that has been claimed not to discolor teeth. The aim of this study was to compare tooth discoloration after applying different pulpotomy base materials (BD, GMTA and WMTA). Study design: Forty human incisors teeth were used in this study. Coronal access was achieved by a Tungsten Carbide drill, and the pulp chambers were accessed and chemo-mechanically debrided. Each material was placed in the pulp chamber, up to the cervical sectioning level. All specimens were incubated at 37°C and 100% humidity for three months and have been evaluated before the study and weekly. Color was assessed according to the CIE L*a*b* color space system. Results: ΔE of all experimental groups (GMTA, WMTA and BD) were significantly different from the control group at all time points (P<0.05). Color changes in the GMTA and WMTA groups, had no statistically significant differences, but showed higher discoloration compared to BD group in the cervical part of the crown, since week 1 (P<0.05). WMTA group showed significant discoloration in the cervical part as of week 1 (P<0.05), and gradually increased over time (Figure 2). BD group showed no significantly discoloration over time. GMTA group showed the significant discoloration at week 1 and week 14 (P<0.05). Conclusions: both GMTA and WMTA pulpotomy materials may discolor tooth structure over time in an extracted permanent anterior tooth model. When choosing bioceramic pulpotomy material, BD may be preferable in esthetic area.
Fetomaternal outcome in multiple pregnancy
Authors: Sundaram Senthilpriya , Govindaraj Keerthana
Published: November 2021

Background: Multiple pregnancies are more common in recent days than in the past. Increased maternal age at conception due to delayed childbearing trend has resulted in multifetal gestations. Twin gestation imposes greater demand on the maternal physiological system than does singleton pregnancy. The incidence of multifetal gestation has increased mainly because of advanced maternal age and assisted reproductive technology. Multiple pregnancy is considered as high-risk pregnancy as it contributes significantly to adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.Methods: In this prospective observational study conducted in obstetrics and gynaecology department VMKVMCH, Salem for 6 months period, around 50 cases of multiple pregnancy were taken into consideration and patients were followed up from admission till delivery and neonatal outcome analysed. Main outcome measures were maternal complications (anaemia, pre-eclampsia, post-partum hemorrhage, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), perinatal mortality and morbidity.Results: Higher incidence of twin gestation was noted between the age group of 20-25 years and maximum were of spontaneous conception. None of them had family history of twins or past history of the same. We noted that maximum were preterm deliveries and majority of the patients underwent lower segment caesarean section (LSCS). Twin specific complications were noted according to their chorionicity. Most of the babies weighed between 1.5-2.5 kg. Perinatal mortality was 7.5% and no maternal mortality noted.Conclusions: The knowledge of maternal and fetal risks associated with multiple gestation helps in prevention of adverse outcome and better surveillance.
Prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment of Traveler’s diarrhea
Authors: Al-Ghamdi Hamed Saeed , Altokhy Abdulrahman Hamza , Jalalah Nawal Hussain Bin , Aldukhi Dhiyaa Hassan , Almalki Naif Ayidh , Alahmari Saad Abdullah , Harir Alaa Ahmed , Ahmed Manar Salah , Alghamdi Abdulrahman Hafidh , Alzahimi Wafa Ibrahim , Altuwaijri Abdulmohsin Mohammed
Published: November 2021

Evidence still indicates that traveler’s diarrhea might have unpleasant consequences over the affected patients’ time and health, and can increase the frequency of hospitalization and other health-related parameters. As a result of the newly developing serious issues about the resistance of bacteria to the different antibiotics, the management guidelines of traveler’s diarrhea are frequently changing based on this new data to ensure that proper management is delivered to the affected patients and enhance the healthcare practices. In the present literature review, we have discussed the diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis against traveler’s diarrhea based on evidence from the current investigations in the literature. The diagnosis of the condition is mainly based on the presence of symptoms suggestive of gastroenteritis, and having a travel history to an endemic country. Besides, cultures might be needed in certain situations to indicate the diagnosis, especially among resistant cases. The best prophylactic approach is to enhance the eating and drinking practices when travelling to endemic countries, in addition to the frequent washing of ingested food by clean water that is obtained from a safe source. The administration of antibiotics is not always recommended, and only moderate and severe cases should be indicated to receive antibiotics based on their clinical evaluation. The administered antibiotics should be based on the resistance and safety profiles among each country to enhance the efficacy of these antibiotics and obtain favorable outcomes.
Corredor Verde Carrera Séptima: informe de socialización de los resultados de los estudios del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo y Gehl
Authors: Kawaguchi Maki , Madriz Mayra , Kvist Sofie , Jeanty Aja , Dolz Sánchez Raúl , Mas Pohmajevic Candelaria , Rojas Francisca Maria Magdalena , Camós Gibet , Cruz Moreno Paula Melisa
Published: November 2021

Entre 2020 y 2021, el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) trabajó de la mano de la firma consultora Gehl para apoyar al Instituto de Desarrollo Urbano (IDU) y la Secretaría Distrital de Movilidad de Bogotá en la conceptualización del Corredor Verde de la Carrera Séptima en Bogotá. Este producto de conocimiento resume los principales resultados de estos trabajos, a fin de que el público general de Colombia y otras ciudades de América Latina tengan una referencia sobre metodologías y recomendaciones clave para el éxito de los proyectos de transformación urbana.
Rol del Monstruo en la Naturaleza de Jakob von Uexküll
Authors: Nigri Juan Martín
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo analiza el rol que cumple el concepto del monstruo en la biología teórica de Jakob von Uexküll, con el objetivo de examinar los límites y tensiones de la propuesta del autor. Para ello, en primer lugar, expongo los conceptos principales de la propuesta de Uexküll. Luego, analizo la explicación del autor de los procesos de desarrollo de los organismos, así como su estudio de los experimentos realizados sobre el desarrollo de organismos. En particular, detallo el análisis de Uexküll sobre un experimento realizado por Hans Spemann. Finalmente, a partir de estos elementos examino la explicación uexkülliana sobre las condiciones de posibilidad del monstruo para defender la tesis de que este problema revela una tensión indisoluble propia de los supuestos de la obra del biólogo, la cual devuelve la naturaleza armónica y ordenada de Uexküll a un estado azaroso y mecánico.
Interpretación Informacional de la “Ley de Conformidad a Plan” de Uexküll
Authors: Andrade Eugenio
Published: November 2021

Uexküll propone la existencia de una ley funcional de acuerdo con la cual las células en los organismos y estos, en el sistema global de la naturaleza, se articulan entre sí mediante hilos invisibles dados por la significación. Esta ley, conformidad a plan -lcp- (Planmäßigkeit), riñe con la visión de un mundo mecánico compuesto por unidades independientes que se mueven impulsadas por fuerzas externas.

Comenzaré por mostrar como Uexküll naturaliza al sujeto kantiano, mostrando que las categorías de espacio tiempo que posibilitan el conocimiento, se deben a la estructura organizacional del ser vivo, la cual exige además la inclusión de los a priori de contenido como escalas cromáticas, tonales, táctiles, olfativas, etcétera. Tesis que coloca al cuerpo del sujeto en el centro de un espacio perceptivo y operativo descrito mediante los círculos funcionales (cf). Pero, además, Uexküll postula una lcp que asegura una correspondencia armoniosa entre los distintos medioambientes experimentados por la gran diversidad de sujetos encerrados dentro de la lógica de su cf.

Mostraré que la noción de círculos funcionales (cf) de percepción (p) y acción (a) puede ser interpretada como procesamientos de información. Las percepciones serán consideradas como las entradas (inputs) dependientes de los órganos de los sentidos, y las respuestas (outputs) como ajustes y acciones, dependientes del plan corporal del organismo que media entre ellas de acuerdo con el significado (semántica) y valor de uso de la información (pragmática). El medio ambiente experimentado (Umwelt) es análogo a la interfaz entre el sujeto y el medio externo que permite operar acertadamente, proporcionando una perspectiva incompleta y parcial de la realidad objetiva. De esta manera, el cuerpo organizado del sujeto en cuanto usuario y creador de información, correlaciona inputs y outputs, encaja contrapuntísticamente con otros en la gran “composición musical” de la naturaleza.

Así mismo, mostraré como la lcp permitió concebir el papel de los genes y del protoplasma dentro de un esquema en el que la información epigenética coordina y regula la expresión de la información genética. Por último, mostraré como esta visión sustenta a un holismo monista neutral donde mente y materia se funden en un proceso dinámico y cambiante, en el que los diversos agentes generan una red interactiva en conformidad a leyes funcionales no mecánicas. Para terminar, sugiero que esta interpretación informacional aproxima las visiones biológicas y físicas que Uexküll consideraba como antagónicas.
Vida y Textura Imaginal del Mundo Circundante (Umwelt)
Authors: Arcila Rodríguez Santiago
Published: November 2021

El artículo propone una interpretación de la teoría del Umwelt formulada por Jacob von Uexküll, en la que se desarrolla la posibilidad de estudiar lo que aquí se denomina la textura imaginal del mundo circundante de los animales, en tanto material que compone sus experiencias perceptuales, afectivas y motrices. Para ello, se defiende un realismo de las imágenes a través de un dialogo entre, por un lado, el esquema sensorio-motor de la biosemiótica, la síntesis entre fisiología y medio de la ecología sensorial, los enfoques Eco evo devo y la teoría neurobiológica del self expuesta por Antonio Damasio; y, por el otro, parte de la filosofía del cine de Gilles Deleuze y de la filosofía de las imágenes de Gilbert Simondon. En este sentido, se plantea la posibilidad de una etología de la imagen-animal que sea capaz de estudiar los pliegues en movimiento de la materia bajo los signos del cine y la biología. Se hace especial énfasis en el problema de la subjetividad zoológica en tanto imagen biológica, a través de una crítica del sujeto animal en Uexküll, de raíces kantianas. Así como Uexküll propuso una imagen musical de la naturaleza que abrió su comprensión para el estudio de la conducta animal, aquí se propone activar otro tipo de potencias estéticas de su pensamiento, en aras a desplegar una imagen cinematográfica de la naturaleza que dé cuenta del estatuto etológico y ontológico de las imagenes-vivas que son los organismos.
Older Adults and the Digital Divide in Romania: Implications for the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Ivan Loredana , Cutler Stephen J.
Published: November 2021

At the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic, Romania invoked the 15th Amendment of the European Convention of Human Rights for emergency situations and issued an Emergency State Presidential Decree (first put into effect on March 16 and extended until May 15, 2020). This amendment allowed for exemptions from broad categories of human rights (e.g., the right to privacy and intimacy). Older people became the main target of the Romanian government's plans for isolation. Using data from the Romanian National Institute of Statistics and data gathered prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic from a longitudinal study on communication technologies used by older people in Romania (Loos, Nimrod, & Fernández‐Ardèvol, 2018; 2020), we examine the digital inequalities faced by Romanian elders. The current study addresses the following specific research questions: (1) what digital opportunities and limitations were faced by the older population of Romania: e.g., online shopping, asking for help from various organizations using online platforms, using online medical assistance, etc., and (2) how did digital inequalities shape the lives of older people in Romania? Although the data do not reflect the situation of older Internet users during pandemics, we used the most recent and detailed data regarding Internet behavior of older adults in Romania. The current article discusses the opportunities faced by those who already had access and Internet skills when the pandemic started, and the limitations faced by older people who were less digitally skilled. With many of the daily activities moving online during this period, older adults with poor digital skills or no Internet access risked social isolation. Also, we consider policy recommendations to reduce digital inequalities that affect elders. Although we focus on Romania, the current study typifies vulnerabilities older people face in emergent economies during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Is red blood cell distribution width an indicator of prognosis and mortality in respiratory intensive care unit?
Authors: ERASLAN DOĞANAY Güler , CIRIK Mustafa Özgür
Published: November 2021

Objectives: The range of variation of erythrocytes measured as Red blood cell distribution width (RDW). Mortality indicators in patients in intensive care depend on variation of physiological variables. High RDW rates have been commonly associated with heart disease, pulmonary embolism and pulmonary hypertension, peripheral artery disease, heart failure, liver disease and infectious diseases. We aimed in this study to determine the effect of RDW on prognosis and mortality in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients in intensive care unit (ICU).
Methods: The cases who are treated for COPD in ICU between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2019 reviewed. Demographic data, Charlson Comorbidite Index (CCI), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, procalcitonin, white blood cell, RDW, C-reactive protein, duration of mechanical ventilation, inotrope requirement, length of stay ICU, and 30-day mortality reviewed.
Results: Total number of 369 cases are included into the study and divided in two groups according to their RDW values (High RDW and normal RDW group). High RDW group had longer length of stay in ICU and hospital, mechanical ventilation duration, higher APACHE II, CCI, SOFA, white blood cell and procalcitonin values and lower C-reactive protein compared to normal RDW group. First outcome was hospital 30-day mortality in ICU. The age, RDW, inotrope use, MV duration, LOS H, APACHE II, CCI, SOFA, procalcitonin, CRP, HGB and HCT levels were found to be higher in patients with mortality compared those without. With the sensitivity value of 70.9% and the specificity of 47.7%, RDW the cut off value was found to be 16.5.
Conclusions: The risk of 30-day mortality, length of stay ICU and hospital and mechanical ventilation duration was higher in COPD patients with high RDW levels.
Is there a difference between normotensive and hypertensive patients in terms of blood parameters and cardiovascular diseases?
Authors: AYDIN Cihan , ALPSOY Şeref , ENGİN Mesut , YAVUZ Senol
Published: November 2021

Objectives: It has been stated in various studies that there is a difference in some blood parameters between hypertensive and normotensive patients for a long time. Mean platelet volume (MPV), and red blood cell distribution width (RDW), have been studied in hypertensive patient groups in many studies. Hypertension is a classic risk factor for ischemic stroke and myocardial ischemia, as known. In our study, we examined whether there was a difference between hypertensive patient groups and normotensive patients in terms of blood parameters such as MPV and RDW, and the incidence of stroke and myocardial infarction.
Methods: Blood samples and twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) results of 552 patients admitted to our outpatient clinic with a pre-diagnosis of hypertension were retrospectively analyzed. According to ABPM results, we divided the study participants into four groups; dippers, non-dippers, extreme dippers, and normotansives. Complete blood count and biochemical test results were found in the database of our hospital for all patients and differences between groups were investigated.
Results: One hundred seventy three normotensives (Group 1) (mean age, 47.4 ± 15.4 years), 210 non-dippers (Group 2) (mean age, 53.8 ± 15.8 years), 67 extreme dippers (Group 3) (mean age, 49.1 ± 15.9 years) and 102 dippers (Group 4) (mean age, 52.2 ± 12.5 years). Daytime mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and night-time mean SBP and DBP were significantly different in groups (Group 1: 117 [90-193] mmHg and 71 [55-87] mmHg; Group 2: 137 [107-188] mmHg and 83 [107-188] mmHg; Group 3: 143 [115-193] mmHg and 88 [56-122] mmHg; and Group 4: 140.5 [116-173] mmHg and 76 [55-124] mmHg), p < 0.001; respectively. MPV and RDW levels were different in all four groups (p < 0.001). We found a significant difference in the rates of stroke and coronary artery disease between the four groups (p = 0.018 and p = 0.002, respectively). In the ROC curve analysis MPV had sensitivity of %77. 8 and specificity of 78. 1% for stroke when the cut-off value MPV was 9.25 (Area under curve: 0.808, 95% confidence interval: 0.726-0.889, p < 0.001).
Conclusions: In our study, MPV and RDW levels and the rates of stroke and cardiovascular disease were significantly higher in non-dipper patients compared to other groups.
Quantos anos tem Paulo Freire?
Authors: Kohan Walter
Published: November 2021

O sentido principal deste texto é problematizar a relação entre o tempo da infância e o tempo adulto das instituições educativas. Para isso, consideramos uma palestra de Paulo Freire na Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), no dia 2 de junho de 1988 intitulada “Direitos Humanos e educação libertadora”. O texto está composto de uma introdução, duas seções e as considerações finais. Na seção “Uma educação menina em direitos humanos” oferecemos as principais ideias apresentadas nessa intervenção pelo Patrono da Educação Brasileira e nos detemos numa referência que nos ajuda a pensar, numa segunda seção intitulada “A educação e o tempo da infância: quantas idades cabem numa idade?”, a relação entre a educação e o tempo das idades ou os diferentes tempo que cabem numa idade. Finalmente, nas “Considerações Finais” nos ocupamos da pergunta que dá o título ao presente trabalho: “Quantos anos tem Paulo Freire?” a partir de uma interlocução com ideias do poeta moçambicano Mia Couto.
Apresentação
Authors: Osti Andreia , Bacocina Eliane Aparecida , Gracioli Filipe Rafael , Pezzato João Pedro , Chaluh Laura Noemi , Rodrigues Martins de Camargo Maria Rosa
Published: November 2021

Apresentação do Dossiê Paulo Freire faz 100 anos: . . .
Quinta vertical: vivienda colectiva en Barrios Altos
Authors:   , Vicente Hurtado José Elías Vladimir
Published: November 2021

Quinta Vertical: vivienda colectiva en Barrios Altos, surge a partir de la añoranza de los juegos hechos en patios, de quintas y callejones, donde reinaban los niños y los viejos. También es una crítica al actual modelo inmobiliario, en muchos casos, fuente y resultante de los problemas sociales actuales relacionados al individualismo. La presente tesis es la respuesta arquitectónica al déficit habitacional acorde a las exigencias y costumbres de una sociedad diversa y prospera culturalmente, ligada fuertemente a la identidad limeña y cuyos objetivos son resueltos, en su mayoría, gracias a su capacidad de colectividad, sumergida en un entorno en continuo desgaste y destrucción a pesar de su importancia urbanística e histórica, el cual degenera el modo de vivir de sus habitantes obligándolos irremediablemente a abandonarlo. El proyecto asimila tipologías urbanas y domesticas tradicionales del lugar, estudia teorías arquitectónicas relevantes y las emplea con una conciencia contemporánea enfatizando la identidad de barrio y densidad habitacional en una búsqueda por lograr viviendas de calidad, áreas comunes capaces de propiciar la vida colectiva y la inserción armónica en un centro histórico.