bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Digitization of Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose Records Using a Mobile App and the Cloud System on Outpatient Management of Diabetes: Single-Armed Prospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Handa Tomoko , Onoue Takeshi , Kobayashi Tomoko , Maeda Ryutaro , Mizutani Keigo , Yamagami Ayana , Kinoshita Tamaki , Yasuda Yoshinori , Iwama Shintaro , Miyata Takashi , Sugiyama Mariko , Takagi Hiroshi , Hagiwara Daisuke , Suga Hidetaka , Banno Ryoichi , Azuma Yoshinori , Kasai Takatoshi , Yoshioka Shuko , Kuwatsuka Yachiyo , Arima Hiroshi
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

In recent years, technologies promoting the digitization of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) records including app-cloud cooperation systems have emerged. Studies combining these technological interventions with support from remote health care professionals have reported improvements in glycemic control.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the use of an app-cloud cooperation system linked with SMBG devices in clinical settings, we evaluated its effects on outpatient management of diabetes without remote health care professional support.

METHODS

In this multicenter, open-label, and single-armed prospective study, 48 patients with diabetes (including type 1 and type 2) at 3 hospitals in Japan treated with insulin or glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and performing SMBG used the app-cloud cooperation system for 24 weeks. The SMBG data were automatically uploaded to the cloud via the app. The patients could check their data, and their attending physicians reviewed the data through the cloud prior to the patients’ regular visits. The primary outcome was changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels.

RESULTS

Although HbA1c levels did not significantly change in all patients, the frequency of daily SMBG following applying the system was significantly increased before induction at 12 (0.60 per day, 95% CI 0.19-1.00; P=.002) and 24 weeks (0.43 per day, 95% CI 0.02-0.84; P=.04). In the subset of 21 patients whose antidiabetic medication had not been adjusted during the intervention period, a decrease in HbA1c level was observed at 12 weeks (P=.02); however, this significant change disappeared at 24 weeks (P=.49). The Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire total score and “Q4: convenience” and “Q5: flexibility” scores significantly improved after using the system (all P<.05), and 72% (33/46) patients and 76% (35/46) physicians reported that the app-cloud cooperation system helped them adjust insulin doses.

CONCLUSIONS

The digitization of SMBG records and sharing of the data by patients and attending physicians during face-to-face visits improved self-management in patients with diabetes.

CLINICALTRIAL

Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCT) jRCTs042190057; https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCTs042190057
Service Users’ Experiences of a Nationwide Digital Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Intervention (Healthy Living): Qualitative Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hawkes Rhiannon E , Benton Jack S , Cotterill Sarah , Sanders Caroline , French David P
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support programs for people living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can increase glycemic control and reduce the risk of developing T2DM-related complications. However, the recorded uptake of these programs is low. Digital self-management interventions have the potential to overcome barriers associated with attendance at face-to-face sessions. Healthy Living is an evidence-based digital self-management intervention for people living with T2DM, based on the Healthy Living for People with Type 2 Diabetes (HeLP-Diabetes) intervention, which demonstrated effectiveness in a randomized controlled trial. NHS England has commissioned Healthy Living for national rollout into routine care. Healthy Living consists of web-based structured education and Tools components to help service users self-manage their condition, including setting goals. However, key changes were implemented during the national rollout that contrasted with the trial, including a lack of facilitated access from a health care professional and the omission of a moderated online support forum.

OBJECTIVE

This qualitative study aims to explore service users’ experiences of using Healthy Living early in the national rollout.

METHODS

A total of 19 participants were interviewed via telephone or a videoconferencing platform. Topics included users’ experiences and views of website components, their understanding of the intervention content, and the overall acceptability of Healthy Living. Transcripts were analyzed thematically using a framework approach.

RESULTS

Participants valued having trustworthy information that was easily accessible. The emotional management content resonated with the participants, prompting some to book an appointment with their general practitioners to discuss low mood. After completing the structured education, participants might have been encouraged to continue using the website if there was more interactivity (1) between the website and other resources and devices they were using for self-management, (2) with health professionals and services, and (3) with other people living with T2DM. There was consensus that the website was particularly useful for people who had been newly diagnosed with T2DM.

CONCLUSIONS

Digital Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support programs offering emotional aspects of self-management are addressing an unmet need. Primary care practices could consider offering Healthy Living to people as soon as they are diagnosed with T2DM. Participants suggested ways in which Healthy Living could increase interaction with the website to promote continued long-term use.
Suicide Causality in Observational Research: A Scoping Review Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Ruderman Michael A , Trankiem Lauren Dieu Han , Glymour M Maria , Conwell Yeates , Barry Lisa C , Boscardin W John , Byers Amy L
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Suicide is a significant public health issue, and understanding the causal factors associated with suicide is essential for developing effective intervention strategies. Despite the importance of establishing causal relationships, it remains unclear how much suicide prevention literature focuses on causal research and utilizes appropriate methods for causal inference.

OBJECTIVE

Present a protocol for a scoping review that aims to identify and characterize the use of modern causal inference methods in observational suicide prevention research by describing their relative frequency of application across suicide outcomes, exposures, interventions, populations, and other study characteristics. Our plan includes evaluating how closely investigators' methods align with any causal interpretations, and whether the degree of alignment varies by discipline. The findings will elucidate these methodological trends and their implications, helping to shape future suicide prevention research strategies.

METHODS

The protocol design is based on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) framework for scoping reviews, and final reporting will adhere to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. We will search the PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, and Web of Science databases for peer-reviewed literature and academic dissertations. Eligible studies must include adult populations (18 and older), suicide attempts or deaths, and use modern causal inference methods in observational research designs. Following a rigorous search strategy, two independent reviewers will be involved in the study selection, data extraction, and evidence analysis using ASReview software for title and abstract screening and Covidence for full-text screening and data extraction.

RESULTS

The scoping review is currently underway, with the search strategy developed and preliminary search results obtained. Data collection, extraction, and analysis are expected to be completed in the upcoming months, with results anticipated to be published in 2024. The results will be presented using a PRISMA-ScR flow diagram, narrative summaries, and various visualizations, such as heatmaps and ridge plots, to provide a comprehensive overview of the extracted data.

CONCLUSIONS

This scoping review will provide an overview of the application of modern causal inference methods in observational suicide research, highlighting gaps and trends in their use across different study contexts (e.g., disciplines, study designs, outcomes). Uncovering these gaps and barriers may encourage uptake of modern causal inference methods where underutilized and highlight the necessity of allowing authors to provide causal interpretations when these methods are appropriately used. Thus, this review seeks to foster research priorities, policy changes, and overall research practices that can optimize the impact of suicide intervention research.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable.
Factors Influencing Outcome After Shoulder Arthroplasty (FINOSA Study): Protocol of a Prospective Longitudinal Study With Randomized Group Allocation (Preprint)
Authors: Claes Anke , De Mesel Annelien , Struyf Thomas , Verborgt Olivier , Struyf Filip
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

There is an increasing need for evidence-based postoperative rehabilitation strategies to optimize patient outcome. Knowledge of potential prognostic factors could steer the development of rehabilitation protocols and could result in better treatment outcomes and higher patient satisfaction.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate which potential prognostic factors predict baseline shoulder pain and function and its evolution in the first 2 years following surgery, in patients with total shoulder arthroplasty. The secondary objective is to investigate which potential prognostic factors predict baseline quality of life and its evolution in the first two years following surgery.

METHODS

To reach the aims of this project, a prospective longitudinal study, running from January 2020 to March 2025, will be carried out with a follow-up of 48 months. Patients will be randomized based on sling wear. We will study factors such as shoulder function, patient expectations, psychosocial factors, lifestyle factors, sling wear, soft tissue integrity, and physiotherapy treatment. Test moments will take place preoperatively, at 6 weeks, 12 weeks, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months. Descriptive statistics will be used to describe the patient population characteristics. Based on literature review, expert opinion, and univariate analyses, potential prognostic factors will be chosen as covariates. A mixed regression model for repeated measures will be used to assess both the evolution of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index within persons from baseline over time and the differences in evolution between participants. Correlation analyses will be used to investigate associations between the other outcome measures such as the Constant and Murley Score, shoulder range of motion, shoulder muscle strength, and proprioception, and the primary outcome measure, the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index score. Potential prognostic factors not included in the model will be presented in a descriptive manner.

RESULTS

Data collection started in January 2020. In April 2023 the sample size was reached. Data collection will end in April 2025. Analyses will follow when data collection is completed.

CONCLUSIONS

Knowledge of potential prognostic factors will have implications toward better rehabilitation strategies of patients after total shoulder arthroplasty.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04258267; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04258267

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/56522
Factorial Structure of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in long-term survivors of severe COVID-19 (Preprint)
Authors: Rivas Juan Carlos , Restrepo Anita , Barbosa Mario Miguel , Córdoba-Melo Brayan Daniel , Ochoa-Rojas María Corina , Miranda-Bastidas Carlos Alberto , Casanova Rojas Andrés Felipe , Mina Sánchez Andrés Fernando , Arteaga-Tobar Andrea Alejandra , Tovar Cuevas José Rafael , Gómez-Mesa Juan Esteban
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Previous investigations related to the factor structure of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) have yielded inconclusive results, and there is little consensus about the optimal arrangement of its components.

OBJECTIVE

This study aim to examine the psychometric properties of the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in a sample of long-term survivors of severe COVID-19.

METHODS

The PHQ-9 was administered to 177 patients who were categorized as having suffered previous severe COVID-19 and were followed up to 20 months after this event. Exploratory and confirmatory factor and reliability analyses were performed.

RESULTS

The one-factor model of PHQ-9 was determined to best fit the sample and demonstrated good psychometric properties and high internal consistency. The factor loadings for the two-factor structure were not consistent with theoretical frameworks of depression and demonstrated lower internal consistency. Subsequent confirmatory analysis indicated a good model fit for the one-factor model

CONCLUSIONS

The single-factor PHQ-9 was shown to be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing depression in the current sample of patients with history severe COVID-19, followed up to 20 months after this event
Telemental Health Care Guidelines from the First 2 Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review Using Content and Thematic Analyses (Preprint)
Authors: Ivanova Julia , Ong Triton , Wilczewski Hattie , Cummins Mollie , Soni Hiral , Barrera Janelle , Welch Brandon , Bunnell Brian
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Mental health care providers have widely adopted telemedicine since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Some providers have reported difficulties implementing telemedicine and are still determining its sustainability. Recommendations, best practices, and guidelines have been published for telemedicine-based mental health care (i.e., telemental care or TMH) but have yet to be synthesized.

OBJECTIVE

Through our scoping review of practice guidelines, we aimed to identify themes of TMH guidelines and clinical recommendations published during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of those topics based on the frequency of mentions per resulting article, and the types of guidelines published for providers during that time.

METHODS

Authors searched Pubmed/MEDLINE and ScienceDirect for articles using the PRISMA-ScR on TMH practice published from January 2020 to March 2022. We included articles during screening if they were available in English and provided recommendations, best practices, or guidelines for TMH. We excluded duplicates, articles unrelated to telehealth, brief editorial introductions, and those not fully available. We applied the Healthcare Provider Taxonomy of the National Uniform Claim Committee to article titles and abstracts to identify records relevant to mental health. The authors used content and thematic analysis to identify critical themes.

RESULTS

Of the 818 articles yielded, we excluded 218 during our title and abstract screening. From the remaining 600 articles, we excluded 104 duplicates and were left with 64 after the application of the taxonomy. We excluded eight of these articles due to the inability to find the full papers or irrelevance to the topic. Content and thematic analysis provided three main themes–along with subthemes and topics–of facilitators, concerns, and changes advised. The majority of articles called for further research (41/56) and for telemental education and innovation in some form (35/56) regarding changes advised. Sixteen articles included specific types of guidelines, recommendations, or checklists for providers.

CONCLUSIONS

Results of the scoping review highlight the need for further research at larger scales to develop effective guidelines and protocols for successful therapy plans. Additionally, a consideration of health inequities within populations during telemental care implementation and research would ensure ethical implementation of telemental care. The subthemes of changes advised appear to be interconnected and draw on themes, subthemes, and topics found in concerns and facilitators.
Impact of banning sales of tobacco to minors in China on their access to cigarettes: a school-based longitudinal study. (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Shiwei , Xu Qingqing , Zeng Xinying , Yan Yongfu , Di Xinbo , Xie Huiyu , Meng Zida , Xiao Lin
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Recent studies in China examined the availability of tobacco products near schools, and nearly all of these studies focused on highly developed cities. However, there is little evidence about whether policies that ban tobacco sales to minors are actually effective. We used data from the 2019 and 2021 China NYTS and a logistic difference-in-differences (DID) regression analysis to address this gap in knowledge regarding the impact of banning tobacco sales to minors.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the impact of recent policies banning tobacco sales to minors in China.

METHODS

Cross-sectional surveys with national representativeness were conducted at the same middle and high school in 2019 (n=288192) and 2021 (n=269250) in China. Weighted percentages of students denied purchase of cigarettes due to age were calculated. Because 17-year-olds (intervention group) were more likely to be impacted by restrictions than 18-year-olds (reference group), a difference-in-differences (DID) design was used to compare changes in these two groups from 2019 to 2021. Sensitivity analysis was used to assess the robustness of the results.

RESULTS

In 2021, 22.2% of secondary school students (age: 15 (13,16)) reported being denied tobacco purchase because of age (19.7% of high school students and 26.4% of middle school students). From 2019 to 2021, 6.5% (95%CI: 4.1%, 8.9%) more students were denied purchase of cigarettes because of age (8.1% more high school students, 3.0% more middle school students). In both surveys, there were no significant differences in being denied cigarettes due to age for 17 and 18-year-olds. From 2019 to 2021, the availability of cigarettes among 17-year-olds and 18-year-olds decreased by 6.17% and 6.14%, respectively. Difference-in-difference estimates showed no association of policy changes and the percentage of adolescents who were denied purchase of cigarettes because of age (OR=0.93, 95%CI: 0.62, 1.41, P=0.74).

CONCLUSIONS

Policies prohibiting the sales of tobacco products to minors did not reduce their availability. Greater enforcement of these policies is necessary.
A Probe into the Strategies of Integrating Ideological and Political Education with Affective Factors in Translation Major Courses
Authors: Ma Boyu
Published: January 2024

Under the inspiration of General Secretary Xi, universities have carried out ideological and political education. As a window of international communication, translation major is one of the major battlefields of ideological and political education. In order to achieve its teaching objectives, improve the teaching quality, enable students to accept the teaching contents of spontaneous ideological and political courses from the heart, and internalize it into their own spiritual power, it is very important to cut into educational activities from the emotional perspectives. The article will explore the three stages of students' emotions in class, and put forward feasible integration ways.
Estudio del impacto de las ganaderías de bovino de lidia en la dehesa española
Authors: Sanes José Manuel , Seva Juan , Gamón María Jesús , Torregó Inmaculada , Abellán Eliana
Published: January 2024

El objetivo fue determinar la incidencia de las ganaderías de lidia en la dehesa española, precisando aquellas que se encuentran en este territorio, y cuantificando las hectáreas que ocupan, y algunos aspectos productivos, a fin de constatar la importancia que supone la crianza del toro de lidia en el mantenimiento y conservación de su biodiversidad. Para ello se consultaron diferentes fuentes documentales de asociaciones ganaderas y el Ministerio de Agricultura Pesca y Alimentación; y se realizaron 304 encuestas a los ganaderos de bovino de lidia de las provincias españolas con dehesa. La superficie de la dehesa es de 3’515,846 ha repartidas en las Comunidades Autónomas de Andalucía, Extremadura, Castilla y León, Castilla-La Mancha y Madrid, donde existen registradas 726 ganaderías de lidia, aunque solo 631 de ellas están activas en el Libro Genealógico de la Raza Bovina de Lidia (2022), siendo su tendencia descendente en los últimos años, y con un censo medio de 144 reproductoras y 9 sementales, una baja carga animal. El número estimado de fincas en la dehesa dedicadas exclusivamente a la ganadería de lidia es 581, presentan una superficie media de 534 ha y ocupan 315,301 ha, suponiendo el 8.97 % del total de la dehesa española, aunque ascendería a 347,744 ha (9.89 %) considerando la totalidad de finca con la presencia de otras actividades complementarias. Estas fincas están localizadas en 358 términos municipales, en los que el 72.61 % del censo es menor de 5,000 habitantes, lo que podría ayudar a la fijación de población rural.
Ambivalence of the Image of Fire in the Belarusian National Culture
Authors: Grinberg Svetlana A.
Published: January 2024

The relevance of this study is due to the current state of the information space associated with the rapid development of globalization processes. Under these conditions, traditional Belarusian culture may finally lose its identity, which will subsequently inevitably lead to the dissolution or complete loss of its unique mental traits. The article is devoted to the analysis of the mythological ideas of Belarusians, the peculiarities of their life, traditional holidays and rituals using fire as an important sacred element of the Belarusian national culture. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that fire is perceived by Belarusians as an element of ambivalent nature. Moreover, in their minds, fire is often presented as a phenomenon that has a positive effect on their way of life. Also in Belarusian traditions and rituals there is an inextricable connection between the cult of fire and the cult of ancestors. The author argues that at the present stage, the symbolism of fire plays an important role in the formation of a positive attitude towards the cultural heritage of Belarus. The “participation” of fire in the preservation and development of Belarusian national traditions has a positive impact on the formation of value orientations of society, including the younger generation.
Strategies for Translating Tatar literature into Turkic languages: History and Current State
Authors: Sayfulina Flera S. , Mingazova Liailia I.
Published: January 2024

The article addresses the reality of artistic translation of Tatar literature into Turkic languages. It is emphasized that for many years, due to external sociopolitical factors, Tatar writers did not have a full-fledged opportunity to present works of national literature in Turkic languages. The relevance of this issue is linked to the practical necessity, as literary translation is one of the areas that serves the cause of rapprochement of peoples, the development of mutual understanding between nations and the dialog of cultures, which is extremely important for the development of the Russian ethno-cultural space, the establishment of cultural interrelations with the Turkic world. The activation of translation activity coincided with cardinal changes in the life of the country, was conditioned by socio-political and ethno-humanitarian attention to the ideology of kinship, linguistic and worldview closeness of the Turks. Based on a large amount of factual material, the main directions of artistic translation are investigated. It is concluded that Tatar literature is most intensively translated into Turkish. The authors of the article identified the works of the most actively translated into Turkish authors, traced the works of Tatar writers, which aroused interest among Turkic-speaking readers. A large number of books by Tatar writers have been published in Turkey. Special attention is paid to the personality of the translator, some historical and cultural contexts of the emergence of Tatar-Turkish translation projects are analyzed.The realities and current state of Tatar-Kazakh and Tatar-Azerbaijani literary translations are also considered. Tatar-Bashkir translations are analyzed as an important aspect of intercultural communication. With all the similarity of two closely related languages and literary traditions, the necessity of cultural interaction of this format is obvious for the national writing community. The conclusions are made that the study of activity, genre diversity of works translated into Turkic languages will allow to build further strategies in the field of literary translation, planning and purposeful development of this direction of creative activity, as well as actualization of the issue of training in this field. It is emphasized that the intensification of artistic translations contributes to a significant renewal of figurative languages of literature, the expansion of its cultural boundaries and aesthetic reference points.
Abortion Training in Family Medicine Residency Programs: A National Survey of Program Directors 5 Months After the Dobbs Decision
Authors: Summit Aleza K. , Chong Erica
Published: January 2024

Background and Objectives: Routine abortion training during family medicine (FM) residency leads to higher rates of postresidency provision; increased availability of abortion care in the FM setting could greatly improve access. Especially in the post-Dobbs context, understanding the landscape of abortion training in US family medicine residency programs (FMRPs) is critical.
Methods: We invited all directors of US FMRPs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education to complete a larger omnibus online survey that included questions on abortion training. We compiled descriptive statistics and conducted χ2 tests and multivariate regression analyses to detect associations with abortion training.
Results: The response rate was 42% (N=286). Nineteen percent of programs had routine medication abortion (MAB) training and 10% had routine aspiration training. In addition, 58% of programs offered elective MAB training and 52% offered elective aspiration training. In multivariate regression, the presence of abortion training was associated with a program having 31 or more residents, being in a state with protected abortion access, not having a Catholic affiliation, and having a program director who believed abortion training should be routine in FMRPs.
Conclusions: While more than half of responding FMRPs reported some abortion training, much of it was elective, and 40% of programs lacked abortion training completely. Although abortion training is severely limited or prohibited in states with abortion bans, more training opportunities in the states where abortion is possible could increase access to abortion within primary care.
Kierunki zmian produkcji zbóż w Polsce po integracji z Unią Europejską
Authors: Jaczewska-Kalicka Anna
Published: January 2024

W strukturze produkcji roślinnej krajów Unii Europejskiej (UE-25) dominują zboża. Zajmują one ponad 51 mln ha, co stanowi około 50% gruntów ornych. Polska zajmuje 2 miejsce w krajach UE pod względem powierzchni uprawy zbóż (ponad 8 mln ha) i 3 miejsce pod względem wielkości zbiorów (około 27 mln ton). Natomiast plony z jednego ha są bardzo niskie. W 2005 r wyniosły średnio 32,3 dt/ha, co stanowi 63% średniej unijnej wielkości plonu ziarna. Przyczyną tak niskich plonów są m.in.: gorsze warunki przyrodniczo-siedliskowe, niższe zaawansowanie technologiczne oraz duże rozdrobnienie gospodarstw. Presji konkurencyjnej będą mogły sprostać tylko gospodarstwa duże obszarowo, silne ekonomiczne, elastycznie zarządzane i prowadzone przez fachowców dysponujących dużą wiedzą. Jednym z ważniejszych problemów będzie spełnienie wszelkich unijnych wymogów, szczególnie odnoszących się do jakości produkcji. Integracja z UE stwarza możliwość osiągnięcia tego celu poprzez wykorzystanie przez polskie rolnictwo dostępnych środków finansowych.
Replication of Audit and Financial Accounting Research: We Do More than We Think
Authors: Luo Yi , Salterio Steven E. , Adamson Constance
Published: January 2024

SYNOPSIS

There is a widespread concern that a “replication crisis” exists in the social sciences. Accounting researchers echo this claim and add that little accounting replication research is published. We carry out a conservative study to identify articles published in six leading accounting journals from 1970 to 2016 that attempt to replicate prior financial accounting and auditing research. We find 248 articles that attempted to replicate, in whole or in part, 298 published papers’ results typically in the context of extending the original finds. Highlights of our findings include: (1) the number and percentage of replicating articles have increased over the period; (2) 60 percent of all replication attempts are completely successful, 29 percent report mixed success, leaving 11 percent that fail to replicate. These findings suggest that the accounting academe publishes more replication research than previously documented and that published results are relatively robust when replicated.

Data Availability: Data are available from the authors upon request.
Patterns and Trends in Continuous Glucose Monitoring Utilization Among Commercially Insured Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes: 2010–2013 to 2016–2019
Authors: Lacy Mary E. , Lee Katherine E. , Atac Omer , Heier Kory , Fowlkes John , Kucharska-Newton Anna , Moga Daniela C.
Published: January 2024

Prior studies suggest that only ∼30% of patients with type 1 diabetes use continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), but most studies to date focused on children and young adults seen by endocrinologists or in academic centers. This study examined national trends in CGM utilization among commercially insured children and adults with type 1 diabetes. Overall, CGM utilization was 20.12% in 2010–2013 and 49.78% in 2016–2019, reflecting a 2.5-fold increase in utilization within a period of <10 years. Identifying populations with low CGM use is a necessary first step in developing targeted interventions to increase CGM uptake.
Excess Salt Intake Activates IL-21–Dominant Autoimmune Diabetogenesis via a Salt-Regulated Ste20-Related Proline/Alanine-Rich Kinase in CD4 T Cells
Authors: Ciou Jing-Jie , Chien Ming-Wei , Hsu Chao-Yuan , Liu Yu-Wen , Dong Jia-Ling , Tsai Shin-Ying , Yang Sung-Sen , Lin Shih-Hua , Yen B. Lin-Ju , Fu Shin-Huei , Sytwu Huey-Kang
Published: January 2024

The fundamental mechanisms by which a diet affects susceptibility to or modifies autoimmune diseases are poorly understood. Excess dietary salt intake acts as a risk factor for autoimmune diseases; however, little information exists on the impact of salt intake on type 1 diabetes. To elucidate the potential effect of high salt intake on autoimmune diabetes, nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice were fed a high-salt diet (HSD) or a normal-salt diet (NSD) from 6 to 12 weeks of age and monitored for diabetes development. Our results revealed that the HSD accelerated diabetes progression with more severe insulitis in NOD mice in a CD4+ T-cell–autonomous manner when compared with the NSD group. Moreover, expression of IL-21 and SPAK in splenic CD4+ T cells from HSD-fed mice was significantly upregulated. Accordingly, we generated T-cell–specific SPAK knockout (CKO) NOD mice and demonstrated that SPAK deficiency in T cells significantly attenuated diabetes development in NOD mice by downregulating IL-21 expression in CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, HSD-triggered diabetes acceleration was abolished in HSD-fed SPAK CKO mice when compared with HSD-fed NOD mice, suggesting an essential role of SPAK in salt-exacerbated T-cell pathogenicity. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of SPAK activity using a specific SPAK inhibitor (closantel) in NOD mice ameliorated diabetogenesis, further illuminating the potential of a SPAK-targeting immunotherapeutic approach for autoimmune diabetes. Here, we illustrate that a substantial association between salt sensitivity and the functional impact of SPAK on T-cell pathogenicity is a central player linking high-salt-intake influences to immunopathophysiology of diabetogenesis in NOD mice.

Article Highlights
Mitochondrial Dynamics, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: García-Peña Luis Miguel , Abel E. Dale , Pereira Renata O.
Published: January 2024

Mitochondria undergo repeated cycles of fusion and fission that regulate their size and shape by a process known as mitochondrial dynamics. Numerous studies have revealed the importance of this process in maintaining mitochondrial health and cellular homeostasis, particularly in highly metabolically active tissues such as skeletal muscle and the heart. Here, we review the literature on the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Importantly, we emphasize divergent outcomes resulting from downregulating distinct mitochondrial dynamics proteins in various tissues. This review underscores compensatory mechanisms and adaptive pathways that offset potentially detrimental effects, resulting instead in improved metabolic health. Finally, we offer a perspective on potential therapeutic implications of modulating mitochondrial dynamics proteins for treatment of diabetes and CVD.

Article Highlights
A Methodological Framework for Meta-analysis and Clinical Interpretation of Subgroup Data: The Case of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events With GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and SGLT2 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Karagiannis Thomas , Tsapas Apostolos , Bekiari Eleni , Toulis Konstantinos A. , Nauck Michael A.
Published: January 2024

We present a methodological framework for conducting and interpreting subgroup meta-analyses. Methodological steps comprised evaluation of clinical heterogeneity regarding the definition of subpopulations, credibility assessment of subgroup meta-analysis, and translation of relative into absolute treatment effects. We used subgroup data from type 2 diabetes cardiovascular outcomes trials (CVOTs) with glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors for patients with established cardiovascular disease and those at high cardiovascular risk without manifest cardiovascular disease. First, we evaluated the variability in definitions of the subpopulations across CVOTs using major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) incidence in the placebo arm as a proxy for baseline cardiovascular risk. As baseline risk did not differ considerably across CVOTs, we conducted subgroup meta-analyses of hazard ratios (HRs) for MACE and assessed the credibility of a potential effect modification. Results suggested using the same overall relative effect for each of the two subpopulations (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.80–0.90, for GLP-1 receptor agonists and HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.85–0.97, for SGLT2 inhibitors). Finally, we calculated 5-year absolute treatment effects (number of fewer patients with event per 1,000 patients). Treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists resulted in 30 fewer patients with event in the subpopulation with established cardiovascular disease and 14 fewer patients with event in patients without manifest cardiovascular disease. For SGLT2 inhibitors, the respective absolute effects were 18 and 8 fewer patients with event per 1,000 patients. This framework can be applied to subgroup meta-analyses regardless of outcomes or modification variables.
The Effectiveness of Digital-Based Marketing Science Teaching Innovation
Authors: Bangkara B.M.A.S. Anaconda , Hendrayani Eka , Pratisti Cahyani , Rudianto  , Hermiyetti
Published: January 2024

This research emerged in response to the challenge of improving students' academic success in marketing science. With the development of digital technology, digital-based teaching methods are considered as potential innovations to enrich the learning experience. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of digital-based teaching innovations. It includes understanding whether the use of digital tools and interactive methods enhances students' understanding of marketing science concepts and academic performance. This study is a case study that focuses on the implementation of digital-based teaching methods in a marketing science education environment. The research subjects involved students participating in digital-based marketing science classes at the Sultan Muhammad Syafiuddin Islamic Institute in Sambas. This research applies a combined approach between qualitative and quantitative through digital-based teaching using various digital tools such as multimedia presentations, interactive online platforms, and virtual simulations. The results of this case study show that digital-based marketing science teaching innovation has a positive impact. Students show high interest, active participation, increased understanding of concepts, and improved academic performance. Overall, this research supports the effectiveness of digital-based teaching in marketing science. The integration of digital tools and interactive methods can improve the quality of education and provide a more engaging learning environment for students.
Digital Organisational Culture: Capturing Local Banking in Digital Transformation
Authors: Rachman Wintarto  , Meiliani Meiliani  , Angelina Carolin
Published: January 2024

Digital transformation in banking is a must and related to the culture in an organization to serve customers using digital technology to transform the internal processes of the business. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the process of digital transformation and the role of digital organizational culture in digital transformation in local banking. The sample of this study is employees who work at Bank Bengkulu (Bank of Bengkulu) which is a local government-owned bank. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach using open-ended questions with the e-survey questionnaire method. The collected data are analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. Research findings show that micro themes of digital transformation, such as outside-in, cross-work collaboration, work creativity, and agile leadership, are still not significantly developed at Bank Bengkulu. In addition, cultural behavior, digitalization capabilities, digitization skills, IT infrastructure, and business processes are also still weak. Some technology programs are still in the early stages of development and progress is slow. In conclusion, this study illustrates that digital transformation and digital organizational culture are still not significantly developed at Bank Bengkulu. Constraints such as inadequate human resource skills, weak IT infrastructure, and lack of responsiveness in the face of change need to be considered. The implication of the results of this study is the importance of attention to digital skills development, IT infrastructure improvement, and organizational culture change to achieve successful digital transformation at Bank Bengkulu.
Parenting Patterns in the Formation of Children's Behavior (Case Study in Children with ADHD)
Authors: Minsih Minsih
Published: January 2024

Parents play a crucial role as the primary caregivers and educators of children, each employing their unique parenting style. This research aimed to elucidate the parenting patterns employed by parents in influencing the behavior of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The study utilized a qualitative research method with a case study approach, focusing on children diagnosed with ADHD. The data collection process incorporated interviews, observations, and documentary studies. Rigorous data validation is achieved through source triangulation and technique triangulation. The interactive analysis model involves data reduction, presentation, and subsequent conclusion drawing. The research findings reveal that parents of children with ADHD adopt both permissive and authoritarian parenting patterns. Observable parenting behaviors include allowing excessive freedom, maintaining a constant belief in being right, and consistently acquiescing to the desires of the ADHD child. These parenting patterns contribute to the development of dependent behaviors in children, manifesting as an unwillingness to compromise, emotional instability, and involvement in actions detrimental to others.
THE INFLUENCE OF FINANCIAL LITERACY, FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY AND GENDER TO FINANCIAL INCLUSION ON KEDIRI CITY, EAST JAVA SOCIETY
Authors: Subagyo Subagyo , Ernestivita Gesty , Hardianti Adisty Riska
Published: January 2024

Financial inclusion is one of the interesting discussions in global economic development. Indonesia is a country in ASEAN that has had the most rapid increase in financial inclusion in recent years. In the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, everyone is required to be able to follow the development of existing technology and information. This study aims to determine the influence of independent variables (financial literacy, financial technology, gender) on the dependent variable (financial inclusion) in the City of Kediri, East Java society.. This study is a causality study with quota sampling. The data of this study is quantitative by collecting data by questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The result of this study based on t statistical tests shows that financial literacy has a positive effect on financial inclusion. While the variables of financial technology, and gender did not affect financial inclusion. Based on the statistical test F, all of the independent variables simultaneously influence the dependent variable (financial inclusion).
Participatory governance and models in culture and cultural tourism
Authors: Borseková Kamila , Vitálišová Katarína , Bitušíková Alexandra
Published: January 2024

“Participatory approaches and models in tourism are widely accepted as a criterion for sustainable tourism, as it helps decision makers maintain traditional lifestyles and respect community values.”With these opening words, the incipit of the book immediately introduces the reader to one of the main pillar of the INCULTUM project, i.e. the connection between participation and innovative tourism.The book is a real useful instruments for students, teachers and professionals who are interested to go deeper on the question of how participatory approaches can be beneficial for more harmonious governance, respectful development of territories and promotion of cultural tourism.
THE ROLE OF MORALLY RELEVANT THEORY OF MIND AND PARENTS' EMOTIONAL EXPRESSION ON PROSOCIAL LYING CHILDREN AGED 7–9
Authors: Kuntoro Ike Anggraika , Nabila Aulia Herman  , Inge Uli Wiswanti
Published: January 2024

Prosocial lying refers to deceptive behavior performed for the benefit of others, which children may sometimes engage in to maintain positive relationships with peers and others. This research aims to identify the role of morally relevant theory of mind (MoToM) and parental emotional expression on prosocial lying behavior among children aged 7–9 years. The participants consisted of 66 parent-child pairs selected through the convenience sampling technique. The assessment of prosocial lying and MoToM was conducted through behavioral testing. Child participants (M=101.91 months; SD=8.36) were tested individually using the disappointing gift paradigm protocol and the MoToM. Meanwhile, parents were requested to respond to the SEFQ inventory. The results of the hierarchical logistic regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between MoToM and prosocial lying behavior, even after children's age was statistically controlled (X2(2)=5.872, p<0.01). In contrast, no significant influence was observed concerning parental emotional expression and children's prosocial lying behavior. This study highlighted insights on the relationship between MoToM and prosocial lying behavior, revealing that understanding MoToM is an influential factor in prosocial lying. Children should understand moral judgment and the impact of their behavior on others before engaging in prosocial lying.
DETERMINAN PERILAKU BERISIKO PADA REMAJA DARI PERSPEKTIF EKOLOGI
Authors: Utami Sri Rezki , Krisnatuti Diah , Yulianti Lilik Noor
Published: January 2024

Masa remaja menjadi periode kritis dalam perkembangan manusia sebab remaja sering terlibat perilaku berisiko yang membahayakan kondisi psikososialnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh kecerdasan emosional, kelekatan orang tua, pengalaman hubungan pacaran, dan media sosial terhadap perilaku berisiko pada remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional study. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara online melalui Google Form dengan teknik voluntary response sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji deskriptif dan structural equation modeling (SEM). Subjek penelitian sebanyak 204 orang dengan kriteria remaja usia 14─19 tahun, memiliki orang tua lengkap, dan sedang menjalani hubungan romantis dengan lawan jenis. Hasil uji SEM menunjukkan kecerdasan emosional, kelekatan orang tua, dan penggunaan media sosial yang berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap perilaku berisiko remaja sebesar 64,8 persen. Hasil pengaruh tidak langsung menunjukkan kelekatan orang tua yang dimediasi kecerdasan emosional memiliki persentase lebih tinggi sebesar 15 persen dalam menurunkan perilaku berisiko, sedangkan pengalaman hubungan pacaran tidak berpengaruh terhadap perilaku berisiko remaja.
WILLINGNESS TO SHARE DATA PRIBADI DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN PENYALAHGUNAAN DATA KONSUMEN E-COMMERCE DI INDONESIA: PENDEKATAN MIXED METHODS
Authors: Rahayu Ismie Leona , Syarifa Rizka , Akmalia Laely Rahmawati , Samosir Miracle Samuel , Hanggrita Elvindia Puja , Muflikhati Istiqlaliyah , Simanjuntak Megawati
Published: January 2024

Penyalahgunaan data pribadi menjadi salah satu masalah dalam berbelanja online (e-commerce), tetapi konsumen cenderung bersedia memberikan data pribadi melalui internet. Tujuan riset ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengetahuan, persepsi risiko, dan kepercayaan terhadap willingness to share data pribadi. Riset ini menggunakan desain mixed methods. Data primer diambil melalui survei daring (324 responden) dan in-depth interview 6 responden. Data sekunder diperoleh dari desk study regulasi dan kebijakan privasi dalam e-commerce. Hasil riset menunjukkan meskipun responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan, persepsi risiko, kepercayaan, dan willingness to share yang cukup, tetapi ada keterpaksaan dalam memberikan data pribadi. Hasil Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) menunjukkan variabel kepercayaan memiliki pengaruh langsung paling kuat terhadap willingness to share diikuti oleh pengetahuan. Persepsi risiko berpengaruh secara tidak langsung melalui kepercayaan terhadap willingness to share. Regulasi dan kebijakan privasi masih belum optimal melindungi data pribadi konsumen. Implikasi riset ini lain perlu penguatan sistem keamanan e-commerce, pengawasan yang ketat dari pemerintah terhadap e-commerce, serta menindak tegas kasus penyalahgunaan data.