bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF MARKETING DISTRIBUTION POLICY IN ENSURING FOOD SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY
Authors:   Private Higher Education Establishment “European University”, Vasylenko Serhii
Published: September 2024

The article addresses the critical issue of food security, particularly in crises and conflicts, such as the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war. The focus is on the role of distribution marketing policy in ensuring food security, an area that has not been thoroughly explored in existing research. The study underscores the importance of understanding the multifaceted nature of food security, which encompasses the availability, accessibility, utilization, and stability of food supplies. The article aims to contribute to the understanding of how marketing strategies related to distribution can influence food security, especially under conditions of national and global instability. The relevance of this topic is highlighted by the increasing frequency of crises that disrupt food supply chains, making the study of distribution policies in the marketing domain more critical than ever. The article delves into the challenges faced by Ukraine in maintaining food security amidst geopolitical tensions and explores the broader implications for other nations experiencing similar disruptions. The discussion emphasizes the need for flexible and adaptive marketing strategies to respond to sudden changes in supply chain dynamics and consumer behavior. Moreover, the article explores how distribution marketing policies can mitigate or exacerbate food security challenges. It discusses the potential of these policies to optimize logistics, enhance the efficiency of food distribution, and support the resilience of agricultural sectors. The study also considers the impact of local versus global supply chains and the importance of sustainability in distribution practices. The findings of this study are expected to provide valuable insights for policymakers and business leaders in the agricultural sector, as well as contribute to the broader discourse on global food security. This research is particularly timely given the current global context, where food security is increasingly intertwined with national security and economic stability. The insights gained from this study will be crucial in developing strategies that ensure the availability and accessibility of food during times of crisis.
ФАКТОРИ ВПЛИВУ СТРАТЕГІЇ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЛОГІСТИЧНО-ПОСТАЧАЛЬНИЦЬКОЮ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЮ НА РОЗВИТОК РЕСУРСНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Андрушкевич Наталія , Іськів Олексій , Гук Степан
Published: September 2024

У статті розглянуто теоретичні підходи щодо проблеми підвищення ефективності стратегії логістичної діяльності для забезпечення розвитку ресурсного потенціалу підприємства. Розглядаються питання ролі логістики у раціональному використанні ресурсів та забезпеченні розвитку ресурсного потенціалу підприємства. Автор аналізує різні аспекти взаємодії цих двох областей та пропонує шляхи їх інтеграції для підвищення ефективності використання ресурсів та зниження екологічного впливу. Досліджено фактори, що впливають на ефективність логістичної діяльності підприємства. Визначено сутнісні характеристики процесу підвищення ефективності логістичної діяльності на підприємстві. За рівнем контрольованості з боку підприємства запропоновано систематизувати фактори на контрольовані та неконтрольовані. Також у роботі розглянуто переваги вибору основних логістичних факторів, які дають можливість підприємству гнучко реагувати на зміни у ринковому середовищі.
ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОЦЕСНОГО ПІДХОДУ ДО УПРАВЛІННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВОМ НА ОСНОВІ БІЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕСІВ
Authors: Гончаров Юрій , Ткачук Микола , Коваль Лариса
Published: September 2024

Метою статті є обґрунтування доцільності застосування та розробка передумов і алгоритму переходу до управління підприємством на основі бізнес-процесів. Потребує розробка методики побудови моделі системи бізнес-процесів галузевої специфіки, аргументація перспективних напрямків удосконалення управління бізнес-процесами, вибору критеріїв та методів оцінки управління ними. У статті проаналізовано наукові підходи до визначення сутності бізнес-процесів, узагальнено їх особливості та властивості. Здійснено авторську класифікацію бізнес-процесів у бізнес-групи, визначено їх функціональне призначення. Обґрунтовано застосування бізнес-процесів як основи процесного управління сучасним підприємством. Розроблено організаційно-економічні передумови та алгоритм впровадження процесного підходу до управління підприємством на основі бізнес-процесів. Подальші дослідження доцільно спрямовувати на проблеми ефективності застосування процесного підходу управління підприємством, обґрунтування перспективних напрямів удосконалення управління бізнес-процесами та підвищення його мобільності у мінливих умовах ринку.
РЕІНТЕГРАЦІЯ ВЕТЕРАНІВ ВІЙНИ В УКРАЇНІ: УПРАВЛІНСЬКІ ТА ЕКОНОМІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ
Authors: Єгоричева Світлана , Лахижа Микола
Published: September 2024

За останнє десятиліття ветерани війни стали і залишатимуться вагомою частиною українського суспільства, яка потребує його підтримки і всебічної допомоги. Доведено, що процес реінтеграції, включаючи всі попередні форми взаємодії держави і ветеранів (правовий захист, соціальна допомога, адаптація тощо) є ширшим за змістом і точніше відображає сучасні потреби як ветеранів, так і суспільства. Відзначено, що для реалізації саме такої ветеранської політики недостатньо формування вертикалі виконавчих органів, необхідно створення складної управлінської структури, включаючи органи місцевого самоврядування. На прикладі запровадження проєктів із супроводження ветеранів засвідчено певну хаотичність реформ. Наголошено на важливості економічної підтримки ветеранів у плані пошуку роботи, перекваліфікації та відкриття власного бізнесу. Надано розширене трактування безбар’єрності у сфері реінтеграції ветеранів.
FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC RISK MANAGEMENT MECHANISM WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE ANTI-CRISIS STRATEGY
Authors: Kacicka Grazyna
Published: September 2024

The article examines the features of the functioning of the organizational and economic risk management mechanism (OERM) in the context of the implementation of the anti-crisis strategy. This mechanism is an integrated approach that combines elements of risk management and crisis management to ensure the sustainability and adaptability of the enterprise in conditions of crisis and uncertainty. The main attention is paid to the analysis of key elements of environmental economic management, such as identification and assessment of risks, strategic planning and adaptation of the enterprise to changes in the external environment. The article emphasizes the importance of integrating crisis management into the strategic planning process, which allows enterprises to respond to threats in a timely manner and use crises as opportunities for growth. Approaches to the interaction of crisis management and risk management are considered, a comparative analysis of their elements is provided, and recommendations are offered for improving the economic management system to increase the competitiveness and sustainability of business. In conclusion, it is emphasized that the successful functioning of OEMUR contributes to the long-term development of the enterprise and ensures its readiness to overcome crisis situations.
Critical Analysis of Guidelines for the Implementation of Religious Moderation in Islamic Education Institutions
Authors: Fahruddin Ahmad Hanif , Nurhayati Ifa , Rahman Mufiqur , Luciana Luciana , Yusuf Yusuf
Published: September 2024

The high level of publication of religious moderation is not directly proportional to the strengthening of radicalism in Indonesia. Religious moderation has become a public discourse, especially since the publication of the decision of the Directorate General of Islamic Education Number 7272 of 2019 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of Religious Moderation in Islamic Education. This research analyzes the decision of the directorate general of Islamic Education Number 7272 of 2019. The research method uses a qualitative approach with the type of library research, namely the note-taking technique. This research shows that several guidelines need to be discussed again. Firstly, lesson plan administration is not required to include indicators of religious moderation learning. Secondly, the unique material on religious moderation does not stand alone but is only presented substantively. Third are teachers' human resource competencies in religious moderation, especially components. School. Fourth, the character of Islamic boarding schools in terms of accommodation for religious moderation. Publication of religious moderation, in particular at public universities.
Adaptation of Master of Islamic Education Students at UIN Raden Fatah: A Case Study of Students with Non-Linear Academic Backgrounds
Authors: Kurnia Sari Ana , Idi Abdullah , Suryana Ermis
Published: September 2024

Adaptation is meeting a person's internal and external needs by involving mental and behavioral responses that encourage environmental adaptation. Students often face challenges in adjusting socially and academically. This research focuses on the social and academic adjustment of Master of Islamic Religious Education students at Raden Fatah State Islamic University, Palembang. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation and validated through extended researcher presence, triangulation, and peer discussion. This research concludes that students of the Master of Islamic Religious Education at Raden Fatah State Islamic University, Palembang, show good adaptability in the campus environment. They prioritize social recognition, participation, altruism, and effective communication. The results show good academic achievement, supported by commitment, planning, and consistency in academic tasks. Effective strategies such as time management and understanding the material help them overcome academic challenges. Participation in extracurricular activities also makes a positive contribution to academic development. Their awareness, dedication, and commitment to achievement reflect their readiness to face continuous learning challenges. This research provides important insights for developing supporting strategies to improve student well-being and academic success.
THE INTERACTION BETWEEN ARTIFICIAL AND NATURAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Бобро Наталія
Published: September 2024

The article examines the interaction between artificial and natural intelligence in the educational process within higher education institutions, particularly in the context of digital transformation. The author analyzes the role of artificial intelligence (AI) as a tool for optimizing the educational process by personalizing learning, automating routine tasks, and creating an adaptive learning environment. A comparative analysis highlights AI’s strengths, such as its ability to process large amounts of data, automate processes, and provide immediate feedback. However, its limitations include a lack of creativity, emotional interaction, and dependence on software. Conversely, human intelligence (HI) provides the ability to critically analyze, be creative, and consider moral and ethical aspects but struggles with processing large volumes of data and personalizing learning in large groups. The article also explores the prospects for further integrating AI into the educational process, emphasizing the importance of developing synergistic environments where AI and HI complement each other to enhance the efficiency and quality of education. The author identifies future directions for higher education, including the creation of innovative forms of communication and learning, the development of autonomous systems, and the introduction of digital avatars for teachers, which could elevate the level of interaction in the educational process.
PEMILIHAN UMUM LEGISLATIF DI INDONESIA : PENAFSIRAN KONSTITUSIONAL SISTEM PROPORSIONAL TERTUTUP
Authors: Muhammad Mutawalli
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konstitusionalitas pemilihan umum legislatif dengan tinjauan terhadap sistem proporsional tertutup dalam UUD 1945. Sistem pemilihan umum legislatif adalah aspek penting dalam menjaga prinsip demokrasi dan keterwakilan yang adil dalam sebuah negara. Sistem proporsional tertutup telah menjadi subjek perdebatan yang berkelanjutan mengenai konstitusionalitasnya dalam konteks UUD 1945. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode yuridis normatif untuk menganalisis konstitusionalitas pemilihan umum legislatif dengan menggunakan sistem proporsional tertutup. Pendekatan ini melibatkan pengumpulan data dari dokumen hukum, studi literatur, dan putusan pengadilan yang relevan dengan topik ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan sistem proporsional tertutup dalam pemilihan umum legislatif memiliki beberapa implikasi konstitusional. Pertama, sistem ini dapat membatasi akses politik bagi individu di luar partai politik, yang dapat dianggap sebagai pelanggaran terhadap hak konstitusional individu untuk berpartisipasi dalam proses politik. Penelitian ini juga menganalisis implikasi penerapan sistem proporsional terbuka dalam pemilihan umum legislatif. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa sistem proporsional tertutup dapat memberikan stabilitas politik yang lebih besar dan memperkuat peran partai politik dalam sistem politik.
ABSTRACT
This research aims to analyze the constitutionality of legislative general elections by reviewing the closed proportional system in the 1945 Constitution. The legislative general election system is an important aspect in maintaining democratic principles and fair representation in a country. The closed proportional system has been the subject of ongoing debate regarding its constitutionality in the context of the 1945 Constitution. This research uses a qualitative approach with normative juridical methods to analyze the constitutionality of legislative elections using a closed proportional system. This approach involves collecting data from legal documents, literature studies, and court decisions relevant to the topic. The research results show that the application of a closed proportional system in legislative elections has several constitutional implications. First, this system can limit political access for individuals outside political parties, which could be considered a violation of individuals' constitutional rights to participate in the political process. This research also analyzes the implications of implementing an open proportional system in legislative elections. This research also shows that a closed proportional system can provide greater political stability and strengthen the role of political parties in the political system.
ĐÁNH GIÁ ĐỘ CHÍNH XÁC PHẪU THUẬT ĐẶT IMPLANT VỚI HỆ THỐNG HƯỚNG DẪN ĐỘNG - NGHIÊN CỨU IN VITRO
Authors: Nguyễn Minh Nhựt , Đậu Cao Lượng , Phạm Thị Hương Loan , Võ Chí Hùng , Lê Đức Lánh
Published: September 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá độ chính xác của phẫu thuật đặt implant với hệ thống hướng dẫn động trong các trường hợp mất răng từng phần.

Đối tượng - Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu in vitro trên 8 mẫu hàm. 40 implant được đặt với sự hướng dẫn của hệ thống hướng dẫn động, đánh giá độ chính xác thông qua độ sai lệch về góc độ và khoảng cách giữa vị trí implant thực tế so với kế hoạch.

Kết quả: Độ lệch góc trung bình là 1,18 ± 0,71 độ, độ lệch góc trung bình giữa hai implant được thiết kế song song là 0,71 ± 0,33 độ. Về khoảng cách, độ lệch trung bình ở cổ và chóp implant lần lượt là 0,82 ± 0,19 mm; 0,89 ± 0,27 mm; độ lệch trung bình theo chiều đứng ở cổ và chóp là 0,49 ± 0,27 mm. Không có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê của hai nhóm implant được đặt ở hàm trên và hàm dưới.

Kết luận: Phẫu thuật đặt implant trong trường hợp mất răng từng phần với hệ thống hướng dẫn động trên in vitro là chính xác và trong giới hạn an toàn.

Từ khóa: độ chính xác, implant, hệ thống hướng dẫn động
Reconsidering cytonuclear discordance in the genomic age
Authors: Larson Drew , Itgen Michael , Denton Robert , Hahn Matthew
Published: September 2024

Historically, phylogenetic datasets had very few loci, but were overrepresented for cytoplasmic sequences (mitochondria and chloroplast) because of their ease of amplification and large numbers of informative sites. Under those circumstances it made sense to contrast individual gene tree topologies obtained from cytoplasmic loci and nuclear loci, with the goal of detecting differences between them—so-called cytonuclear discordance. However, in the current age of phylogenomics and ubiquitous gene tree discordance among thousands of loci, this contrast no longer presents a straightforward interpretation. Simply observing discordance between cytoplasmic trees and a species tree inferred from many nuclear loci does not reveal the cause of discordance. Here, we examine what inferences one can make from trees representing different genomic compartments. While topological discordance can be caused by multiple factors, the end goal of many studies is to determine whether the two compartments have different evolutionary histories: what we refer to as “cytonuclear dissonance.” Answering this question is much harder than simply asking whether there is discordance, requiring additional analyses to determine whether introgression has affected only (or mostly) one compartment. Furthermore, even when these histories differ, expectations about which compartment is more likely to have introgressed are not always clear. We conclude by pointing to current research and future opportunities that may help to shed light on topological variation across the multiple genomes contained within a single eukaryotic cell.
Urban refugia enhance persistence of an endemic keystone species facing a rapidly spreading invasive predator
Authors: Vez-Garzón Marc , Moreno Sandra , Casbas Guillem , Colomar Víctor , Lapiedra Oriol
Published: September 2024

Urbanization shapes global biodiversity, often driving biodiversity loss and biotic homogenization. However, urban areas could paradoxically enhance conservation by acting as refugia for declining populations due to other global change components, such as biological invasions. Despite growing interest in the potential of urban areas to promote biodiversity conservation, the lack of robust empirical studies unveiling how urban refugia emerge and contribute to species persistence hinders our ability to leverage urban areas to minimize global biodiversity loss. In this study, we examined whether and how urban areas promote the persistence of a keystone Mediterranean island endemic lizard (Podarcis pityusensis) threatened by the invasive snake Hemorrhois hippocrepis. Using field transects and citizen science data, we found that while invasive snakes strongly drive local lizard extirpation, urbanization buffers this effect and supports local population persistence. Intensive snake trapping further revealed that urbanization acts as an ecological filter, hindering snake spread into urban centers. Finally, our population dynamics model shows that, contrary to a source-sink model, urban lizard populations can persist in the mid-term without the arrival of new individuals. Our findings effectively help uncover how urban areas can effectively act as refugia for threatened species, emphasizing their importance in global biodiversity conservation strategies.
Tareas de memoria operativa y recursos multimedia en la adquisición de vocabulario en inglés
Authors: Esquivel Gámez Ismael , Berthely Barrios Julio César
Published: September 2024

El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto de un esquema de entrenamiento, combinando tareas de memoria operativa verbal y el uso de recursos multimedia en el aprendizaje de vocabulario en inglés como lengua extranjera. Desde un enfoque cuantitativo, se implementó un estudio cuasiexperimental pretest-postest con un grupo control y tres grupos entrenados. Los participantes fueron 70 universitarios de una institución pública del sureste de México, con una proporción de 68.6% hombres con edad promedio de 20.1 años y 20 años en mujeres. Los cuatro grupos atendían el curso de Inglés I y fueron asignados a las siguientes condiciones de entrenamiento: tareas de memoria operativa, lecciones con recursos multimedia, combinación de las dos anteriores, y ninguna. Antes y después de la intervención se administraron dos pruebas de vocabulario (formas A y B). Los resultados indican mejora significativa en la adquisición de vocabulario, para ambos grupos entrenados en vocabulario, especialmente para el que recibió entrenamiento mixto. Una posible explicación es que el uso de tareas de memoria de trabajo mejoró su nivel de atención en el post-test. Aunque los hallazgos se alinean a los encontrados en trabajos previos, hay que mantener cierta reserva, debido al tamaño de las muestras.
The Characteristics of Road Crashes on Indonesian National Roads Based on Integrated Road Safety Management System Data
Authors: Tanan Natalia , Sjafruddin Ade , Idris Muhammad
Published: September 2024

The issue of traffic crashes in Indonesia continues to be a significant concern. In 2019, a total of 116,441 crashes were reported, resulting in 30,568 fatalities. Access to accurate data is crucial in lowering the fatality rate. The data were analyzed descriptively, categorized by crash type, and evaluated based on road configuration, geometric type, and surface conditions. The most frequent types of crashes on Indonesian national roads are rear-end crashes (25.64%), head-on crashes (21.95%), crashes at intersections (20.50%), pedestrian hit-and-runs (12.65%), and head-to-side crashes (8.01%). Head-on crashes showed correlation with undivided road, meanwhile rear-end crashes is more likely to occur on multi-lane roads. Predominantly, the crashes occurred on 2-lane 2-way undivided roads (54.28%), straight-aligned roads (81.36%), and roads with good surface conditions (94.92%). This crash data can serve as a foundation for formulating policies and initiatives aimed at enhancing road safety.
Faktor–Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Minat Ibu Terhadap Pemilihan Alat Kontrasepsi Dalam Rahim (AKDR) di Wilayah Kencana Bogor
Authors: Wati Ratna , Hodijah Siti , Putri Rizkiana
Published: September 2024

Pertumbuhan penduduk yang tidak terkontrol dapat menjadi masalah bagi dunia. Pemakaian alat kontrasepsi mampu menurunkan angka kelahiran juga memberikan dampak positif tidak langsung terhadap hal kesehatan lainnya. Banyak Wanita usia subur merasakan kesulitan menentukan pilihan kontrasepsi. Berdasarkan hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2018 kontrasepsi tertinggi pada wanita usia subur adalah penggunaan kontrasepsi suntik 3 bulan yaitu 42,4% sedangkan AKDR hanya 6,6%. Rendahnya peminatan WUS menggunakan kontrasepsi AKDR disebabkan oleh banyak faktor. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah wanita usia subur di wilayah RW 05 Kelurahan Kencana Kecamatan Tanah Sareal Kota Bogor. Desain penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Hasilnya responden tidak berminat menggunakan AKDR sebanyak 80%, merasa konseling sudah baik yaitu 93,3%, tidak mengalami perubahan siklus menstruasi sebanyak 80%, sosial budayanya mendukung sebanyak 80%. Hasil olah data SPSS tidak ada hubungan antara konseling dengan minat pemilihan AKDR dengan nilai p value 0,574. Ada hubungan perubahan siklus menstruasi dengan minat pemilihan AKDR dengan nilai p value 0,000. Ada hubungan antara sosial budaya dengan minat pemilihan AKDR dengan nilai p value 0,001. Sebagian besar responden tidak berminat menggunakan AKDR, menilai konseling sudah baik, tidak mengalami perubahan siklus menstruasi dan sosial budaya dianggap mendukung. Dari 3 variabel hanya 2 yang dianggap berhubungan yaitu perubahan siklus menstruasi dan sosial budaya.
Uso da vitamina B12 no tratamento da neuropatia diabética
Authors: Sereno Marcos Gabriel Bastos , Rezende Hugo Almeida , Caçador Polyana da Silva , Dornelas João Pedro Alves Portilho
Published: September 2024

Introdução: A Neuropatia Diabética (ND) é uma complicação da Diabetes Tipo 2 (DMT2), comumente associada à deficiência de vitamina B12, especialmente em usuários de metformina. A reposição de vitamina B12 pode aliviar sintomas neuropáticos, mas sua eficácia e o impacto no controle glicêmico ainda são incertos. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da vitamina B12 no tratamento da ND em pacientes DMT2, focando na redução de sintomas, melhora da qualidade de vida e controle glicêmico, especialmente em usuários de metformina. Metodologia: Este estudo é uma revisão integrativa da literatura que investiga a eficácia da vitamina B12 no tratamento da ND. A pesquisa acessou as bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e PubMed, utilizando descritores como "Vitamina B12" e "Neuropatia Diabética". Resultados: Foram encontrados 21 artigos entre 2019 e 2024, dos quais 19 foram incluídos na amostra final (18 em inglês e 1 em alemão). A maioria dos artigos foi publicada em 2020. Os estudos incluíram 37% de revisões sistemáticas ou metanálises e 16% de ensaios clínicos randomizados. Discussão: A ND resulta em sintomas graves, como o pé diabético. O controle glicêmico é essencial, mas desafiador devido à eficácia limitada a longo prazo. A metformina pode levar à deficiência de vitamina B12 em cerca de 30% dos pacientes após 4 anos, e a suplementação dessa vitamina pode ajudar a aliviar sintomas neuropáticos. Conclusão: A vitamina B12 pode amenizar sintomas da ND e melhorar a função nervosa. Mais estudos são necessários para determinar a dosagem ideal, duração do tratamento e efeitos adversos.
Liraglutida: Uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Alves Nathalia Fernandes de Castro , Lima Bruna Soares de Souza , Rosa Daniel Maciel , Soares Melissa Drey Araújo , Santos Kaywindson Nascimento , Rabelo Victória Lauton
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O Liraglutida é um composto encontrado no saxenda, medicamento injetável, indicado para o tratamento de excesso de peso e obesidade em adultos. Objetivo: Descrever o mecanismo ativo da liraglutida para informar aos usuários sobre o uso correto do medicamento e os seus possíveis efeitos colaterais. Método: Revisão bibliográfica que utilizou como base o PUBMED (National Library of Medicine) para a pesquisa de artigos. Foram utilizados três descritores em duas associações: “liraglutida and obesity” e “(liraglutide obesity) AND (liraglutide effects)”. Resultados: A associação “liraglutida and obesity” permitiu a recuperação de 45 manuscritos, dos quais 11 foram selecionados para compor essa revisão. Para a associação “(liraglutide obesity) AND (liraglutide effects)” foram obtidos 40 resultados, e 5 artigos foram selecionados. Dessa forma, 16 artigos foram analisados, e desses, 15 apresentaram resultado efetivo para perda de peso. Entre os efeitos colaterais, destacam-se: náuseas, vômitos, diarreia, constipação. Conclusão: Observou-se que uso da liraglutida é relevante para redução do peso corporal, e que o aumento da quantidade de droga injetada interfere, de modo proporcional, na redução das taxas de colesterol, das pessoas que fazem uso do medicamento.
The influence of respiratory techniques on sports performance: Literature review
Authors: Cruz Leonardo Becker Vieira da , Pupin Cora de Freitas , Verri Edson Donizetti
Published: September 2024

The objective of the study is to compile the most recent evidence on the influence of breathing techniques on sports performance, carrying out a narrative review of the literature through the VHL (Virtual Health Library) and PubMed databases, including articles published between 2019 and 2024 in Portuguese and English. 10 studies were selected that showed that both Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) and other respiratory techniques, such as diaphragmatic breathing, controlled breathing and rhythmic breathing, were efficient in improving sports performance and respiratory function. IMT increases the strength and resistance of the inspiratory muscles, improving lung ventilation and respiratory efficiency. Additionally, other breathing techniques help reduce fatigue, improve muscle oxygenation, and control anxiety during intense exercise. It is concluded that IMT is effective in improving respiratory function and athletic performance, but the combination with other respiratory techniques provides a more complete and effective approach. More research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and optimize training protocols for different groups of athletes, maximizing respiratory and athletic benefits.
Long-Term Lisinopril Dihydrate Application Decreases Plasma Noradrenaline But Not Adrenaline Levels in Chickens
Authors: Ozdemir HS , Aksulu HE , Karataş F , Ustündag B , Bingöl I
Published: September 2024

Little is known about the effect of chronic angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on the catecholamine levels in fowls. In this study, we investigated the effects of chronic lisinopri1 dihydrate (Ld) application on the plasma levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline and on the blood pressure. Lisinopril was given in different concentrations (25, 75 and 250 mg/l drinking water) to the white Leghorn chickens for 9 weeks, while the control group drank tap water only. Twenty-eight hours after the last lisinopril application, arterial blood pressure (BP), plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline levels, plasma renin (PRA) and plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activities were determined. In all concentrations, lisinopril significantly increased PRA and decreased ACE activities. Arterial BP was decreased only in the group receiving high lisinopril concentration (Controls 119±10.27, Ld3 98±5.4 mm Hg). However, the lower lisinopril concentrations did not alter arterial BP compared to the control group. Plasma noradrenaline levels were decreased in a concentration-dependent manner (47-58 %), but plasma adrenaline levels remained unchanged. The heart weight/body weight ratio was not changed in any of the lisinopril-treated groups. The persistent decrease in the blood pressure after lisinopril treatment was not directly related to a decrease of plasma ACE activity or plasma noradrenaline levels. Its mechanism still remains to be elucidated.
Preliminary Evaluation of an Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment to Prevent Motion Sickness
Authors: Thomas Virginia A. , Kelley Amanda M. , Lee Albert , Fotopoulos Thomas , Boggs Jason , Campbell John
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION: Motion sickness affecting military pilots and aircrew can impact flight safety and, if severe, can lead to disqualification from flight status. However, due to the common adverse effects of motion sickness pharmaceuticals (e.g., drowsiness), medication options are severely limited. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential utility of a nonpharmaceutical method for motion sickness prevention, specifically an osteopathic manipulative technique (OMT).

METHODS:A novel OMT protocol for the reduction of motion sickness symptoms and severity was evaluated using a sham-controlled, counterbalanced, between-subjects study design. The independent variable was OMT treatment administered prior to the motion sickness-inducing procedure (rotating chair). The primary dependent measures were total and subscale scores from the Motion Sickness Assessment Questionnaire.

RESULTS:The OMT treatment group experienced significantly fewer gastrointestinal (mean scores postprocedure, treatment M = 20.42, sham M = 41.67) and sopite-related (mean scores postprocedure, treatment M = 12.81, sham M = 20.68) symptoms than the sham group while controlling for motion sickness susceptibility. There were no differences between groups with respect to peripheral and central symptoms.

DISCUSSION:The results suggest that the treatment may prevent gastrointestinal (nausea) and sopite-related symptoms (sleepiness). These preliminary findings support further exploration of OMT for the prevention of motion sickness. A more precise evaluation of the mechanism of action is needed. Additionally, the duration of the effects needs to be investigated to determine the usefulness of this technique in training and operational settings.

Thomas VA, Kelley AM, Lee A, Fotopoulos T, Boggs J, Campbell J. Preliminary evaluation of an osteopathic manipulative treatment to prevent motion sickness. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(12):934–938.
Indigenous practices of Women for Sustainability: A QDA based Word-Cloud Analysis
Authors: Salahuddin Taseer
Published: September 2024

Women anywhere have since times immemorial have played a central role in human development, nurturing, training and raising families. Majority of the core values that are directly or indirectly instilled in humans come from mothers. These values help shape us into who we are, what we think and act like and how we behave throughout our lives. Since the induction of capitalistic school of thought for valuation of everything this major role has been buried under the layers upon layers of materialistic calculations. A world where do-it-yourself-activities are not included in GDP calculations and where we have lost touch to our inner selves due to over dependence on logical positivism, contributions both in the emotional and qualitative sense done for the community by the women in different roles they play have been underrepresented and over shadowed. This is led us to disconnect from very impressive role they played in keeping the society inclusive, caring, and kind. Main objective of the research was to gather via participatory approach, contribution sources, depth and intensity for sustainable socioeconomic development of society done by the women. Over 60 ethnographic interviews were done across Punjab, Pakistan to enlist areas of contribution by the women for the society. This qualitative analysis consisted of transcription, coding, categorization, interpretation and triangulation. Results are a beautiful spectrum of contributions from emotional, financial, social, political, psychological as well as entrepreneurial fronts. From kitchens to playgrounds, from morning till night there is a never ending flow of value which is overshadowed, if channelized can lead to breaking barriers in all domains of life.
From doing to learning: Students’ self-evaluation and reflective practices in VET
Authors: Messina Dahlberg Giulia , Gustavsson Susanne
Published: September 2024

This study aims to investigate the conditions for students’ self-evaluation and reflective practices when dealing with the learning of skills in a range of different settings in vocational education and training (VET), in the natural resource programme with simulated and authentic teaching practices and learning environments, for example digital driving simulation, as well as environments with authentic machines. The empirical basis of the study consists of extensive data generated during fieldwork in the form of interviews, field notes, and observations in simulator centres, authentic school environments and classrooms. The results show that simulation-based teaching and learning have created opportunities to develop practices that foster students’ evaluation and regulation of their learning, through the implementation of specific tools that focus on triggering students’ reflections on specific vocational skills and competence. The analysis also shows that feedback and reflective practices could be understood as an evaluation tool for task completion against specific set standards in pedagogical design. But also, as a practice of socialisation and transformation for the students, with the aim to provide them with the kinds of tools that may foster creativity and collaborative practices in the vocational training and their future profession.
Threats to Indigenous Tribal Peoples in Brazil during the Reign of Jair Bolsonaro and Ways to Combat Them
Authors:   Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction, Jafarli Malak
Published: September 2024

Brazil is a geographically large country with a significant indigenous population. Although these tribes strive to maintain their traditional way of life, they have undergone cultural changes over time due to interactions with the modern world. In recent years, especially in the Amazon rainforest, indigenous tribes have been forced to contend with deforestation and environmental threats. Consequently, preserving indigenous peoples and their cultural heritage has become an urgent task in the context of our multicultural world. The Amazon rainforest is crucial for global biodiversity. However, under former President Jair Bolsonaro, deforestation accelerated, leading to the destruction of natural habitats for indigenous peoples and complicating efforts to combat climate change. As a result, Brazil’s indigenous peoples faced serious threats to their land rights, cultural heritage, and shared habitat during his administration. Attacks on indigenous lands caused not only physical damage but also cultural and linguistic harm. Local communities struggled to maintain their traditional way of life and pass on their language and culture to future generations. Environmental groups, human rights activists, and other countries criticized Brazil’s policies and practices on this issue, demanding change. The article highlights the main reasons behind the threats faced by the local population during J. Bolsonaro's presidency. To preserve their existence, solutions such as raising public awareness within civil society, securing national and international support, revitalizing the economy, monitoring to stop encroachment on local lands, and further strengthening environmental protection were considered.
Factors Influencing the Foreign Policy of Azerbaijan in the Context of Globalization
Authors:   Baku State University, Alizade Ilaha , Mirbashir oghlu Elshad ,   Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Azerbaija
Published: September 2024

At the end of the 20th century, global processes led to a fundamental shift in the international political environment. In addition to the emergence of new independent states within the international system, various international actors, such as transnational financial organizations and non-governmental organizations-which have gained significant importance due to globalization-contributed to the transformation of the international relations system. These changes were reflected in the foreign policies of many states. Azerbaijan, which gained independence in 1991, redefined its foreign policy to protect its national interests while leveraging the opportunities of international cooperation in the context of global integration. Among Azerbaijan’s foreign policy priorities is integration into the European Union system across economic, political, social, and cultural spheres, as well as into the broader global political arena, particularly where Western countries are represented. By joining this system, Azerbaijan enhances its ability to utilize its resources more efficiently, safely, and cost-effectively, ensuring a prosperous life for its people. Additionally, it accelerates the entry of advanced world technologies, investment, and foreign capital into the country's economy, fostering the development of the non-oil sector.
The Role of Belief in the Return in Justifying Value Judgments and Critiquing the Foundations of Ethical Utilitarianism
Authors:   Al-Mustafa International University, Ahmad Mir Firdous
Published: September 2024

One of the most important aspects of human life is the role of ethics and value judgments, which are unavoidable in everyday life. On the other hand, belief in the afterlife significantly influences various human affairs. This article explores the impact of belief in resurrection on moral values and judgments using a descriptive and analytical method. In this context, it critiques and analyzes the school of ethical utilitarianism, one of the most prominent ethical schools of the contemporary era. Several issues arise when attempting to calculate the outcomes of actions both quantitatively and qualitatively. These include the conflict between profiteering and moral conscience in specific responsibilities, the conflict with justice in many instances, and the contrast between quantitative and qualitative criteria in the pursuit of pleasure. There is also a conflict between human intention and will, and a conflict between supporting the interests of the minority and those of the majority. Furthermore, utilitarianism fails to account for eternal life and how to live in the next world, and it neglects the spiritual dimensions and growth of humanity. Even without considering the afterlife, utilitarianism relies solely on quantitative and material calculations as criteria. Therefore, the moral system and profit-oriented logic, along with its various forms, are neither reliable nor practical. If we do not believe in the Return, we lack a complete rational justification for moral rules and value systems. From the perspective of the afterlife, the ideal and intrinsic good is happiness in its most comprehensive sense, encompassing both worldly happiness and happiness in the hereafter. When voluntary actions and attributes are connected to this intrinsically good and desirable end, their positive or negative moral judgments are determined. A system of political ethics that focuses on the hereafter possesses all the advantages and virtues of other systems, but it does not suffer from their shortcomings and faults.
Comparison of penile block using the reverse US-guided nerve block or landmark guidance during circumcision in pediatric population: a retrospective study
Authors: Christophel-Plathier E. , Saucy T. , Mauron S.
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Dorsal penile nerve block (DPNB) using anatomical landmarks remains the technique of choice for analgesia during circumcision. Ultrasound guidance has been shown to be safer and more effective. However, a recent study reported no differences between US-DPNB and DPNB in terms of analgesia. Thus, reverse US dorsal penile nerve block (RUS–PNB) has been developed, which is the image mirror of US-DPNB.

Aims

Comparison between RUS–PNB and DPNB in terms of efficacy, safety, and speed of execution.

Methods

This is a single-center retrospective study. Patients were all males, aged <16 years who underwent circumcision between 1 November 2019 and 31 December 2020. Exclusion criteria were undergoing another surgical procedure during the same operation, not undergoing a block, or refusing to participate. All patients received bupivacaine 0.5% using either DPNB or RUS-PNB. Data including demographic background information, doses of opioids used converted into an equivalent morphine dose per kilogram, different times taken for various medical acts, and complications were collected.

Results

A total of 139 patients were included. 45 (Group 1) underwent DPNB and 94 (group 2) underwent RUS–PNB. There were no differences in age, weight, height, or ASA scores between the groups. The per-operative morphine equivalent dose was Group 1; mean 0.5 mg/kg ± 0.2, Group 2; mean 0.2 mg/kg ± 0.2, with p < 0.001. The mean postoperative morphine equivalent dose, duration of anesthesia, and surgery were similar. The volume required was higher for Group 2; median 0.3 ml/kg than for Group 1; median 0.2 ml/kg. There were no complications, although two instances of block failures (4.7%) were observed in group 1 and three (3.3%) in group 2 (p = 0.653). This was due to the need for additional opioids during surgery.

Conclusion

The RUS–PNB technique is more efficient than the traditional DPNB method and does not require a longer procedure. It is likely that the incidence of complications is lower when the RUS-DPNB technique is employed, as the injection is performed “under vision” in contrast to the landmark method, which is carried out “blindly” as it results in fewer complications.
Inter-observer reliability of a scoring system to evaluate bruises on turkey carcasses
Authors: Raederscheidt Luisa , Kaufmann Falko , Spindler Birgit , Kemper Nicole , Andersson Robby
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Traumatic injuries such as bruises have been considered an important indicator to assess animal welfare in livestock farming. The possibility of assigning the injury to a particular stage or moment in the production process may allow judgments on possible causes and thus reduce its prevalence. Currently, there is no consistent definition or scoring system for bruised poultry carcasses in German meat inspection and the prevalence is affected by the variability of scoring systems as well as observer bias. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the inter-observer reliability of bruise characteristics at the slaughter line and to validate the findings with measurements of bruises and photographed carcasses.

Methods & results

Inter-observer reliability was assessed with two observers who each scored 10,880 turkey carcasses simultaneously at a running slaughter line after a short training session. The strength of agreement was “good” for the total number of detected bruises and the number of bruises on breasts, wings, and legs per flock (ICC = 0.81 – 0.88). Agreement (ICC) on the number of small, medium, and large bruises ranged between “good” and “moderate” values (0.70 – 0.84), whereas the number of bruises in different colors showed “moderate to poor” reliability (0.04 – 0.64). Additionally, agreement on bruise characteristics was tested using photographs (n= 513 carcasses) without a time limit. The highest agreement between observers was found for the location of bruises (Kw = 0.98). Again, the color of the bruises showed the lowest agreement (Kw = 0.36), whereas it was “moderate” for the size of the bruises (Kw = 0.45). When comparing each observer’s scoring values for size with size measurements (digital analysis) of the bruises, the observers tended to underestimate the actual size.

Discussion & conclusion

Overall, the total number of detected bruises and the location of the bruises showed the highest agreement between observers at the slaughter line and from photographs, indicating they were reliable variables. However, as the color variable showed a low agreement, a standardized objective method should be developed to objectively assess bruise prevalence and characteristics.