bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conductivity gain predictions for multiscale fibrous composites with interfacial thermal barrier resistance
Authors: Iglesias-Rodríguez Ernesto , Bravo-Castillero Julián , Cruz Manuel
Published: June 2022

Nanocomposites are heterogeneous media with two or more microstructural
levels. For instance, a nano-level characterized by isolated
nano-inclusions and a micro-level represented by the clusters resulting
from aggregation processes. Our goal is to present a procedure to study
the influence of this aggregation process and interfacial thermal
resistance on the effective thermal conductivity. The procedure is based
on the Reiterated Homogenization Method and consists of two stages.
First, an effective intermediate thermal property is obtained by taking
into account only the influence of the individual nano-inclusions in the
matrix. Second, the final effective thermal coefficient
($\hat{k}_{RH}$) is calculated considering the
clusters immersed in the intermediate effective medium derived in the
first step. The conductivity gain ($k_{gain}$) is defined as the
quotient
($\hat{k}_{RH}/\hat{k}_{CH}$)
where $\hat{k}_{CH}$ is the effective thermal
coefficient computed considering only one micro-structural level. The
scheme is exemplified for 2-D square arrays of circular cylinders. The
analytical formulas of the effective coefficient used in the
calculations generalize other well known formulas reported in the
literature. Finally, the effect of thermal conductivity gain is
illustrated as a function of the Biot number, the quotient of the
thermal conductivity, the fibers volume fraction and an aggregation
parameter. The present contribution could be useful for nano-reinforced
fibers applications and nanofluids. Furthermore, the present formulas
can be used to assess numerical computations. An appendix is included
showing similarities and differences between the obtained analytical
formulas of effective coefficients, for different truncation orders, and
those derived from the trifasic model.
Experimental and CFD simulation study of shell and tube heat exchangers with different baffle segment configurations
Authors: Zahid Hamid , Mubashar Abdullah , Waqas Muhammad , Siddiqi Muhammad , Munir Umair , Naqvi Syed
Published: June 2022

Sell and tube heat exchanger (STHX) is an implement that has tremendous applications in numerous industrial processes and research areas. In this study, the commercial software ANSYS is used for 3-D CFD to compare the thermo-hydraulic performance of STHX with recently developed tri-angular (TRI) baffles, and tri-flower (TF) baffles with conventional segmental (SG) baffles at different flow rates. Simulations have been performed to analyze the heat transfer coefficient, pressure drop, and overall thermo-hydraulic performance among the recently developed TRI-STHX, TF-STHX and conventional SG-STHX. The thermo-hydraulic performance of the numerical model of SG-STHX shows the promising results while validating it with the experimental results, Esso and Kern methods. Then the same study is carried out for comparing the two novel baffles with segmental baffle. The results depict that, novel baffles are much appreciable in increasing heat transfer coefficient. The TF-STHX offers a greater heat transfer coefficient than all others but also offers a higher pressure drop at the same flow rate. Computing the comprehensive performance, hs??p, the TRI-STHX offers a prominent increment in thermo-hydraulic performance compared to others. Moreover by inserting twist?ed tapes at the tube side, there is noticeable increase in heat transfer coefficient which tends to increase the thermo-hydraulic performance of STHX. By comparing the flow patterns of TRI-STHX and SG-STHX, the novel TRI-STHX shows the reduction in shell-side induced vibrations and hence helped to increase the overall efficiency of the STHX.
Considering Intestinal Hyperpermeability and Immune-Inflammatory Metabolism in the Treatment of Food Allergy
Authors: Olivier Celso Eduardo
Published: June 2022

Food Allergy is a chronic systemic immuno-inflammatory condition that depends on several factors, but, above all, the gastrointestinal epithelial barrier. The rupture of this intestinal barrier results in a deleterious increase in intestinal permeability allowing the paracellular permeation of molecules greater than 150 Da into the bloodstream, producing an equivalent immune response, decreasing the immune tolerance. Intestinal Hyperpermeability has been linked not only to food allergy but also to Metabolic Syndrome and Non-Alcoholic Fat Liver Disease. Here we review the factors that contribute to producing Intestinal Hyperpermeability, as well the factors that contribute to the restoration of the epithelial barrier, improving the clinical outcome of food-allergic patients. The main factors that increase the Intestinal Hyperpermeability are A) Immune-Inflammatory (food allergy itself and autoimmune conditions); B) Iatrogenic (steroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, antacids, antibiotics, and gastric-bypass surgeries); C) Infectious (rotavirus, HIV, SARS-CO2, Helicobacter pylori, Candida albicans, etc.); and D) Lifestyle-related (alcoholic beverages, food addiction, food overconsumption, consumption of industrialized food with high-fructose content and emulsifiers). The main factors that restore the intestinal barrier and immune tolerances are the intestinal microbiota and functional nutrients such as Vitamin A and vegetal fibers. Mucoprotectants agents, such as gelatin tannate and xyloglucan, are in study to become part of the medical arsenal to treat Intestinal Hyperpermeability conditions.
The Synthesis and Docking Study of Novel Compounds for Variola Virus
Authors: Gercek Zuhal , Jumamyradova Suray , Senturk Ahmet Mesut
Published: June 2022

Three novel compounds, namely, 4-amino-5-(2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxy-1-(4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl)hexyl)-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydropyrimidin-4(1H)-one SG-3, 3-methyl-5-(2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxy-1-(4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl)hexyl)-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydropyrimidin-4(1H)-one-(2H)-ylamino)butanoic acid SG-4 and 2-(4-oxo-5-(2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxy-1-(4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl)hexyl)-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydropyrimidin-4(1H)-one-2-phenylacetic acid SG-6 were synthesized from easily available, inexpensive, environmentally friendly starting materials (glucose, amino acid and thiobarbutric acid) and characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectroscopy. the molecular modelling of these compounds was studied in Crystal structure of vaccinia virus thymidylate kinase , for the treatment of variola. Their binding motifs and drug-like properties were investigated. Results show that all compounds confirmed appropriate binding free energies; between –9.71 and –10.11 Kcal/mol . Since the novel molecules have high ligand-receptor binding interactions, they can be a powerful alternative to FDA approved drug Cidofovir.
The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Vietnamese Enterprises
Authors: Hanh Phung T. M. , Nguyen Nguyen T. , Quy Nguyen T. T. , Linh Vo T. K.
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak has brought unprecedented challenges, which are expected to have significant impacts on the development of Vietnam's enterprises. The investigation results also show that the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the access to customers, followed by the impact on cash flow and employees of the enterprises. The supply chains of many businesses have been disrupted. Some businesses are also affected by other problems, from reducing orders, reducing output, delaying, delaying investment progress and even canceling projects that are or will be implemented.
The Contribution of Spirulina Platensis Supplementation on COVID-19 Prevention and Hospitalization
Authors: Mazokopakis Elias E. , Papadomanolaki Maria G.
Published: June 2022

Background & Aims: Spirulina is a filamentous cyanobacterium known for its high nutritional value and therapeutic properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Spirulina supplementation on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention and hospitalization.

Methods: We studied the state of health among 186 (median age: 47, range: 30-60 years) Greek individuals, non-vaccinated against the COVID-19, for 6 months. Among these, 102 unvaccinated individuals received orally 6 g Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) daily for 6 months. Anthropometric characteristics (height, weight, body mass index / BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, complete blood count and biochemical assessments, were recorded and measured before Spirulina supplementation.

Results: Among the 102 unvaccinated individuals who received Spirulina, only 14 (13.7%) contracted SARS-CoV2 (confirmed Delta variant) with mild symptoms and 2 (1.9%) needed hospitalization because of acute viral gastroenteritis. In contrast, among the 84 unvaccinated individuals who did not receive Spirulina, 62 (73.8%) contracted SARS-CoV2 (confirmed Delta variant) with mild symptoms and 17 (20.2%) needed hospitalization. None of the hospitalized patients died.

Conclusions: Spirulina supplementation at a dose of 6 g daily can contribute to the war against SARS-CoV2, preventing COVID-19 and reducing the need for hospitalization.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE MAKE A MATCH TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA KELAS IV SDN 3 KERTASURA
Authors: Caswati Caswati
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Energy sources are one of the learning materials that must be mastered by elementary school students. Many benefits are generated from the material, but students have not obtained it optimally because the average student score is less than the KKM. The other influence is the use of the learning model that is applied is not appropriate. This study aims to determine the effect of the Make a Match cooperative learning model on student learning outcomes in science subjects in grade IV at SDN 3 Kertasura. In this study using a quasi-experimental method. The population of this study were all fourth grade students at SDN 3 Kertasura with a total of 40 students, of which 20 samples of class IVa as the experimental class and 20 samples of class IVb as the control class. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively. Quantitative analysis was carried out through the t-test with a significance level of 0.05 or 5%, meaning that if the significance value of tcount > ttable states Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, it means that there is a significant effect between the independent variable and the dependent variable. Based on the processed data, it was found that the cooperative learning model of Make a Match type had a significant effect on student learning outcomes in the Make a Match type of cooperative learning in class IV at SDN 3 Kertasura. Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Make a Match Type Cooperative Learning Model, Grade IV Elementary School. Abstrak: Sumber energi merupakan salah satu materi pembelajaran yang wajib di kuasai siswa SD. Banyak manfaat yang dihasilkan dari materi tersebut, namun siswa belum memperolehnya dengan maksimal karena rata-rata nilai siswa kurang dari KKM. Adapun pengaruh lainya yaitu penggunaan model pembelajaran yang diterapkan kurang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Make a Match terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA di kelas IV SDN 3 Kertasura. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuasi eksperimen. Populasi penelitian ini seluruh siswa kelas IV SDN 3 kertsura dengan jumlah 40 siswa yang mana 20 Sampel kelas IVa sebagai kelas eksperimen dan 20 sampel kelas IVb sebagai kelas kontrol. Analisis data di lakukan secara kuantitatif. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan melalui uji t dengan taraf signifikansi ∞ 0,05 atau 5% artinya apabila nilai signifikansi thitung > ttabel menyatakan Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak, artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara variabel bebas dengan variabel terikat. Berdasarkan olahan data diperoleh temuan, bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Make a Match  berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Kooperatif tipe Make a Match di kelas IV SDN 3 Kertasura. Kata Kunci : Hasil Belajar, Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Make a Match, kelas IV SD.
Lessons Learned from Small Business Lending During COVID-19: A Case Study of the California Rebuilding Fund
Authors:   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Sanchez-Moyano Rocio
Published: June 2022

As the COVID-19 pandemic forced California businesses to shut down in March 2020, the fate of small businesses, which often had fewer reserves to draw upon when trying to survive the shutdowns, became particularly concerning. Federal aid measures, including the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), brought relief to many business owners, but their deployment also confirmed what many small business advocates feared: business owners in the most vulnerable communities and underrepresented business owners often struggled to obtain assistance. At the same time, small business lending capital dried up. Many banks and fintechs slowed their lending. Mission-driven lenders with experience serving underrepresented communities—like community development financial institutions (CDFIs)—received more applications than they could possibly fund and had limited established channels to attract new funding quickly. A coalition that spanned government, universities, small business advocates, lenders, and concerned private citizens came together to design a solution that would leverage public funds with private dollars to provide low-cost capital to small businesses that were rebuilding after COVID-19 via loans from CDFIs. The result was the California Rebuilding Fund (CARF). This report provides a brief history of the creation of the CARF; details its structure, loan terms, and application process; highlights lessons learned from its creation and implementation; and looks forward as this fund continues to operate in California and as other states or localities consider establishing similar funds.
Ketidakmampuan Membaca (Disleksia) dan Dampaknya Terhadap Perkembangan Anak
Authors: Safitri Fika , Ali Faris Naufal , Latipah Eva
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to identify dyslexia disorders, and how to apply and treat them, so that they can help and reduce the impact of subsequent development. This research uses library research and the type of research is descriptive qualitative analysis. The data collection method is from the book "Innovations in Educational Psychology" by David Preiss and Robert J. Sternberg, as the main source (primary) and a review of other literatures that discuss the same research as this study as a second (secondary) source, to explore further opinions or views on dyslexia and its impact on development. The results of the study, dyslexia is one type of learning difficulty in children in the form of a reading disability, a symptom that is not caused by the ability of sight, hearing, intelligence, or language skills, but a disturbance in the brain's processing when receiving an information processing. Eye movement control, visual perception, understanding of orthographic, phonological, and semantic features of words, higher-order language and cognitive, storage, and concentration skills are all necessary for reading.
FASHION AND BEAUTY INFLUENCERS AND ROMANIAN MILLENNIALS: EXPLORING THE DYNAMICS OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
Authors: ABRUDAN Mirela , ENYEDI Patricia Diana
Published: June 2022

Studies have found that product-related information from social media influencers can shape millennial consumers’ purchasing behavior. This research investigates, in a descriptive approach, how Romanian millennials relate to content provided on social media platforms by influencers they prefer and follow. The study also shows factors that influence trust in this dynamic. Using data collected through an online-administered survey in the second half of March 2020, the authors found that Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube were the top preferred platforms providing the much-desired video content by influencers. Romanian millennials use this content frequently to make informed purchasing decisions, and they value honest recommendations and opinions, lending trust to experienced influencers, who seem to have qualified voices. They also show confidence towards the influencer to whom they can relate, and the one who is actively involved with their community. For Romanian millennials, the influencers’ notoriety measured by the number of followers is an artefact of their quality content, and their confidence is boosted by influencers who show clear, real, and satisfactory results when using products that they are advertising. Marketers, thus, should be cognizant of the elements of trust that can translate online reviews by influencers into purchasing behavior, and can design strategies that rely on actual product benefits demonstrated by influencers.
Pancreaticopleural fistula in a Thai boy with SPINK1 c.101A>G substitution variant-related chronic pancreatitis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Chittchang Chomanad , Netinatsunton Nisa , Kritsaneepaiboon Supika
Published: June 2022

Background

Chronic pancreatitis is the most common etiology of pancreaticopleural fistula (PPF) in children, and underlying genetic variations are now widely known, accounting for most chronic pediatric pancreatitis.

Case report

We describe a case of previously undetected chronic pancreatitis and PPF with a SPINK1 variation in a 10-year-old Thai boy who presented with massive left pleural effusion. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) revealed disruption of the pancreatic duct, which was communicating with a large pancreatic pseudocyst with mediastinal extension. The patient subsequently underwent endoscopic intervention with improved clinical symptoms. We also reviewed the imaging findings of 12 other reported cases of pediatric PPF.

Conclusions

Massive pleural effusion due to PPF can be an atypical manifestation in children with chronic pancreatitis. MRCP is the preferable imaging study for PPF due to the production of highly detailed images of pancreatic duct disruptions and anatomy, and the imaging is helpful to guide for appropriate treatment. Tests for genetic variation are also recommended in a child with chronic pancreatitis.
Educational Communication and Stress at Preschool and Primary Teachers in the Educational Pandemic Context
Authors: Vlaicu Claudia , Dinu Beatrice-Alina , Alecu Denisa-Flavia
Published: June 2022

In the pandemic context, both stress and educational communication have been altered.

In this article, we will analyse the dynamics of the factors involved in didactic communication and identify the real and potential stressors for teachers teaching before pandemic; we will also assess their perceptions of the anxiety felt about online teaching and how it affects educational communication. The hypothesis of the research postulates that the stress perceived by the teachers has elevated during pandemic and the educational communication has gone through a series of changes and reorientations both at the level of the didactic strategies adopted and the regulation of anxiety factors involved (the feeling of safety, the perception of break as a stress factor instead of relaxation, the volume of tasks attributed to each teacher etc).

The research variables were the pandemic context in school environment, the level of stress as perceived by the teachers and the educational communication.

The research objectives were aimed at assessing the perception of teachers in rural areas vs. that of teachers in urban areas regarding the stress felt and the dynamics of educational communication; also comparing the stress felt by teachers and the dynamics of educational communication incumbents vs. substitutes, educators vs. teachers and teachers in rural areas vs. urban teachers.

We expect that the results of the research would have therefore a more assumed awareness from school managers of the fact that there are many predictors of stress that should no longer be ignored and that raising teacher’s resilience both at personal level and academic one should become a priority. School managers should organize mindfulness courses and anxiety management courses for teachers.
Effects of Student’s Use of Social Media on Academic Performance (A case study of Secondary School students in Onitsha)
Authors: Ejoh Nonso , Lawan Mujtaba
Published: June 2022

The impact of social media use on academic achievement in science subjects among senior secondary school students in Anambra State, Nigeria, was studied using a descriptive survey design. The study’s goals are to determine the relationship between social media usage and academic performance in science subjects among Anambra State Senior Secondary School students, as well as to determine whether there is a difference in the relationship between social media usage and academic performance in science subjects between male and female Anambra State Senior Secondary School students. The study’s participants are all Senior Secondary School students in Onitsha, Anambra State. The population in its entirety is 1,450. According to the research advisers’ requirements, the study’s sample size is two hundred and sixty (260) senior secondary school students from Onitsha North and South. To test hypothesis one, the data was analyzed using Pearson product moment correlation (r). The use of PPMC was based on the assumption that it can be used to form relationships. Because hypothesis two had multiple independent variables, regression analysis was utilized to test them. There is no significant association between social media usage and Academic Performance in Science Subjects among Anambra State Senior Secondary School Students, although there is a significant difference between male and female Senior Secondary School Students in Anambra State. The following recommendations were made based on the study’s findings: teachers should encourage students to use social media positively for academic activities, teachers and school counselors should treat both male and female students with social media disorder equally, adequate ICT facilities should be provided to both local governments, and secondary school teachers should use the same motivational measures for using social media for academic purposes.
Exposure as a Method to Experiencing Hospitality in Education
Authors: Nielsen Susanne Buch , Volsing Ellen Louise , Marin Elena
Published: June 2022

There is increasing pressure for all education institutions to undergo transformation, with education as needing to adapt in ways that meet the conceptual needs of our time. Reflecting this is the educators’ role in the classroom. The purpose of this scoping review is to provide a comprehensive overview of relevant research regarding the emergence of different kind of creative and innovative methods used by educators at all levels – and the links to including pedagogy. The scoping review is underpinned by the framework of Arksey & O`Malley (2005) that offers a new approach by including a consultation exercise in this sort of study that may enhance the results, making them more useful to policy makers, practitioners and service users. The results indicate that there is much indirect evidence emerging of improved academic performance and student and staff satisfaction with methodologies connected to or compared with what we call exposure methods. The literature points out, that exposure is coherent to aesthetic performance such as drama and applied aesthetics may lead to practical ethics. It is evident that methodologies connected to exposure have a significant impact on people involved – both educators and students.
Barriers of the Use of ICT in Teaching: Mont-Amba Educational Province Solutions
Authors: Benjamin Manda Kisimba , Baudoin Mbaruku Ramazani , Jean-Pierre Kalay Kut
Published: June 2022

The accelerated advancement of the technological revolution in the new digital world forces teachers to adapt and renovate their teaching practice by using information and communication technologies in the usual way so that this innovation improves the quality of the teaching and learning for skills development through the effective use of these technologies. Thus, teachers face many challenges when trying to integrate technology into their classrooms. Teachers from the Mont-Amba Educational Province, for example, are not spared from the many obstacles they face to use technologies in teaching and learning. It is within this framework that this research has set itself the main objective of investigating the challenges of using ICT in teaching and learning in order to propose solutions to improve the practices of teaching and learning in elementary schools in the educational province of Mont-Amba.

The research used a descriptive statistical analysis based on a mixed approach, and a conceptual framework was developed to guide the research. The sample of the target population is composed of 80 Teachers and 5 Head Teachers; two instruments, questionnaire and interview, are used to collect data. Qualitative data were analyzed by SPSS, and qualitative data were coded and analyzed. After analyzing the data, the result reveals that teachers face several challenges, such as lack of effective training, lack of resources, lack of time, lack of technical support and leadership, lack of knowledge and skills, lack of internet, lack of electricity, technical breakdown, low government funding, and lack of an effective strategy of ICT use in teaching and learning.

Originality or value: this study is very significant at two levels. First, in the scientific context, it contributes to the scientific literature on the use of ICTs in education. Secondly, it clarifies the barriers to the use of ICT in primary school teaching and learning that teachers face, and this study has developed a series of recommendations that will be presented to the government and the administrative authorities of the Congolese education sector so that it applies to meet these different challenges in the use of ICT in this educational province.
Siauw Giok Tjhan and Abdurrahman Wahid: History of Chinese Citizenship in Indonesia
Authors: Fikri Asyrul , Hasudungan Anju Nofarof
Published: June 2022

This study aims to describe the role of Siauw Giok Tjhan and Abdurrahman Wahid in mainstreaming the discourse of ethnic Chinese citizenship into an integral part of the Indonesian nation. This study uses historical research methods. The results showed that Siauw Giok Tjhan through Baperki (Indonesian Citizenship Consultative Body) an organization founded in 1954 had helped ethnic Chinese from discriminatory policies in order to obtain Indonesian citizen status (WNI). Siauw Giok Tjhan suggested that the ethnic Chinese should carry out a proper integration into the Indonesian nation-society. Through the concept of fair integration, Siauw Giok Tjhan tries to instill awareness in the ethnic Chinese about their Indonesian identity and nation building. However, the political changes after the G30S 1965 have become a setback for the ethnic Chinese to integrate. When Abdurrahman Wahid was president, various policies were carried out to assist ethnic Chinese in the integration process and eliminate discriminatory policies. The strengthening of identity politics today is also due to the absence of these two national figures.
Depression and Oxidative Stress Interaction in Stable Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Ivaščenko Tarass , Voicehovskis Vladimirs V. , Kalējs Oskars , Voicehovska Jūlija G. , Šķesters Andrejs , Pahomova Natālija , Lejnieks Aivars
Published: June 2022

It was concluded that depression (D) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and is not related to other previously determined cardiac risk factors. Compared with non-depressed patients, the risk of cardiac arrest increased in less severely depressed patients. D worsens the CVD prognosis by significantly increasing the risk of recurrent coronary heart disease (CHD). Some studies suggest that OS directly increases the risk of D in patients with CVD. Oxidative stress (OS) is considered an emergency mechanism that relates to both CVD and D pathophysiology. The common risk factors increase the production of OS and reduce antioxidant defences, thereby promoting the occurrence and development of interacted ischaemic CVD and D. At present, there is insufficient evidence that routine screening of D in patients with CHD will ultimately help improve the patient’s condition. This review reiterates the need for a multidisciplinary approach, which is necessary to understand, diagnose and then treat this frequent co-morbid condition of CHD and D. Assessment of OS markers could modify risk stratification, diagnosis and prevention and treatment of patients with both CHD and D, in patients with and without previous cardiac history.
Towards the Goal of Hepatitis C Elimination in Latvia — Using Patient Survey Results
Authors: Tolmane Ieva , Rozentāle Baiba , Ažiņa Inga , Ķūse Velga , Jēruma Agita , Jukšinska Iveta , Kalniņa Diāna , Sīmanis Raimonds
Published: June 2022

The success of global strategies to eliminate hepatitis C as a public threat by 2030 depends on local country-wide activities of all involved stakeholders, the most important being general practitioners (GP) and the entire country population. The opinion of currently diagnosed patients can help stakeholders to plan further actions such as addressing new target groups. Our aim was to determine the experiences, opinions, and attitudes of viral hepatitis C (VHC) patients towards the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and corresponding healthcare services in Latvia. Questionnaires were distributed by nurses in hospitals of major cities in Latvia. The survey results highlighted the importance of the role of the general practitioner and time from diagnosis to specialist consultation. The majority of respondents were not aware of VHC symptoms, although they were informed about possible complications such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The major VHC patient pool was not composed of drug users, but people who never used narcotics, highlighting the importance to increase VHC awareness in other risk groups and in the general population. Consequently, targeted VHC screening programmes are essential tools in achieving elimination of HCV infection as a public threat in Latvia. The action plans should be updated regularly aiming to strengthening of the GP role and shortening time to consultation with a specialist.
Density of Oscillating Sequences in the Real Line
Authors: Tsokanos Ioannis
Published: June 2022

In this paper we study the density in the real line of oscillating sequences of the form

(

g

(
k
)

⋅
F

(

k
α

)

)

k
∈
ℕ

,

{\left( {g\left( k \right) \cdot F\left( {k\alpha } \right)} \right)_{k \in \mathbb{N}}},

where g is a positive increasing function and F a real continuous 1-periodic function. This extends work by Berend, Boshernitzan and Kolesnik [Distribution Modulo 1 of Some Oscillating Sequences I-III] who established differential properties on the function F ensuring that the oscillating sequence is dense modulo 1.

More precisely, when F has finitely many roots in [0, 1), we provide necessary and also sufficient conditions for the oscillating sequence under consideration to be dense in ℝ. All the results are stated in terms of the Diophantine properties of α, with the help of the theory of continued fractions.
Bounds on the size of Progression-Free Sets in ℤ
m
n
Authors: Pach Péter Pál
Published: June 2022

In this note we give an overview of the currently known best lower and upper bounds on the size of a subset of ℤ
n
m
avoiding k-term arithmetic progression. We will focus on the case when the length of the forbidden progression is 3. We also formulate some open questions.
View at the Reform of the Economy of Uzbekistan through the Prism of the Republic’s Cooperation with International Development Institutions
Authors: Romanchuk E. S.
Published: June 2022

The reforms carried out recently in the Republic of Uzbekistan have caused a wide discussion. For many, the speed with which the liberalization of the economy is carried out, as well as the scale of transformations, came as a surprise. Being one of the most closed economies in the post-Soviet space five years ago, Uzbekistan managed not only to catch up with the progressive countries of the former Soviet Union, but also to do so with relatively small social consequences. As shown in the article, the “Uzbek miracle” was caused by three factors. Firstly, the reforms were prepared in advance. Secondly, after the change in the policy of multilateral development banks in terms of the conditions they set for issuing loans to governments, recapitalizing (in some cases) these organizations and optimizing their balance sheets, their ability to provide loans has expanded. In addition, criticism from the international community has stimulated multilateral development banks to take a more careful approach to the choice of tools used when working with borrowing states and literally “create” stories of successful transformation of national economies. Thirdly, the national development Institutes of the People’s Republic of China and Japan have been active in working with the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan to implement projects aimed at modernizing the old and building new infrastructure. They have invested significant resources to transform certain sectors of the Uzbek economy. Financial institutions of European and Arab states also cooperate with the Uzbek government.

Based on the matrix of projects compiled with the volumes of planned investments in the context of institutions and spheres of economic activity, the author pointed out sectors of the Uzbek economy that are the most attractive for individual foreign economic partners of the republic. The rapid growth of the state external debt of the republic has caused a discussion in the country about the effectiveness of the use of foreign loans, as well as the establishment of an upper limit on international borrowing. At the current stage, the Republic of Uzbekistan does not intend to reduce the amount of assistance it attracts from international financial organizations (at the same time, the public debt ceiling will still be set), since, together with loans, these institutions, as a rule, allocate funds free of charge for the preparation of projects and advisory assistance to the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
A Retrospective Analysis of the Azerbaijani Economy During 30 Years of Independence
Authors: Ibadoghlu G. , Niftiyev I. M.
Published: June 2022

Here, we retrospectively describe the Azerbaijani economy since its independence from the Soviet Union in terms of the main macroeconomic indicators that evolved throughout the developmental phases and economic cycles of the country. The study identifies five distinct stages of the Azerbaijani economy, namely a recession (1991–1994), recovery (1995–2003), peak (2004–2006), oil boom (2007–2014), and post-boom (2015–2020). Our analysis mainly utilized the numerical analysis and period-based grouping of the main macroeconomic indicators. Therefore, the recovery period was notable due to rapid reforms, and the economic peak reflected the consequences of the government’s oil-driven economic growth. However, stagnation and the post-boom period hit the Azerbaijani economy with full force, and revealed the harsh reality of oil dependency. In other words, the sustainability of the Azerbaijani economy seems to be below average as the growth of the main macroeconomic indicators are both highly and positively correlated with the oil industry and its many-sided effects. Extractive industries are non-renewable and rapidly exhausted. The commodity prices are highly volatile, and many political regimes of the oil-rich countries improperly manage windfall revenue. The future policy concerns of the Azerbaijani government officials should focus on rechanneling the available economic and institutional resources to address the lagging performance of the non-oil tradable sectors in the future. Otherwise, a wider and deeper recession will be unavoidable.
Geopolitical Rivalry Between Russia and the United States for the European Gas Market
Authors: Zhiltsov S. S.
Published: June 2022

Over the past decades, the European gas market has attracted the attention of many extra-regional actors. The geopolitical rivalry for the European gas market intensified after an increase in shale gas production in the United States, which was interested in expanding its supply to Europe. The development of liquefied natural gas (LNG) sector intensified the struggle for the European gas market. The U.S., Qatar and Algeria, began to take steps to squeeze Russian gas out of Europe. This exacerbated the competition for the gas market in Europe, where LNG has already occupied a certain part. Moreover, in recent years, the U.S. and Qatar have developed ambitious plans aimed at increasing LNG production, expecting in the future to radically change the balance of power on the European market. To this end, the U.S. has launched a campaign against the Russian supplies. In addition, sanctions were imposed on the Nord Stream–2 gas pipeline, which prevented the project from starting operations. Being involved in the geopolitical rivalry between Russia and the United States, the EU countries supported the U.S. course, and proclaimed the policy of reducing dependence on Russian gas. In the long term, they want to give it up completely. This goal was prioritised in the EU gas policy. However, in 2021–2022 this strategy rapidly increased prices on the gas market in Europe, which negatively impacted European economies. Despite the economic losses, the EU did not abandon its course of refusing supplies of hydrocarbon resources from Russia.
Payroll Information System Design Using Waterfall Method
Authors: Rumetna Matheus Supriyanto , Lina Tirsa Ninia , Rajagukguk Iriene Surya , Pormes Frenny Silvia , Santoso Agustinus Budi
Published: June 2022

The Sorong Islands District Office has problems in terms of employee payroll, because it is still carried out by means of recording using an employee job record book and tax deductions, etc. So it takes a very long time to record the salaries of employees according to class and position. This problem can be solved by utilizing ICT, which is to create a payroll information system according to class or position and the deductions evenly. The method used to design this payroll information system is the waterfall method, with Unified Modeling Language (UML), Macromedia Dreamweaver CS 6 for interface design and XAMPP for database design. The purpose of this research is to be able to process all employee salary data at the Sorong Kepulauan District office in detail so that it is effective and efficient in order to produce an information system that is fast, precise, and accurate.
RESPONSABILIDAD PATRIMONIAL DEL ESTADO. INDEMNIZACIÓN POR DAÑO MORAL, POR ERROR O NEGLIGENCIA MÉDICA. CONSIDERACIONES PARA SU MONTO (PATRIMONIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE STATE. COMPENSATION FOR MORAL DAMAGE, FOR ERROR OR MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE. CONSIDERATIONS FOR ITS AMOUNT)
Authors: Parra Ortiz Angel Luis
Published: June 2022

Resumen: Es de suma importancia, en la actualidad, conocer más a fondo las diferentes áreas en donde los amantes del derecho administrativo pueden desarrollarse. La exigencia de indemnizaciones por errores o negligencias es una de ellas. Este artículo tiene como objeto despejar algunas dudas e indicar el camino a seguir para que los estudiosos del derecho puedan iniciar los procedimientos adecuados para que sus clientes encuentran la solución al problema de ser sujetos o víctimas de una mala prestación del servicio médico de salud, por parte del Estado.Abstrac: It is of utmost importance, at present, to learn more about the different areas where lovers of administrative law can develop. The demand for compensation for errors or negligence is one of them. The purpose of this article is to clear some doubts and indicate the way forward so that law students can initiate the appropriate procedures so that their clients find the solution to the problem of being subjects or victims of a poor provision of the medical health service, for part of the state.
ANÁLISIS DEL PROCESO PENAL ACUSATORIO EN MÉXICO Y EL DERECHO DEL ENEMIGO (ANALYSIS OF THE ACCUSATORY CRIMINAL PROCESS IN MEXICO AND THE RIGHT OF THE ENEMY)
Authors: Álvarez Montero José Lorenzo , Báez Corona José Francisco , Lascurain Fernández Mauricio
Published: June 2022

Resumen: El presente ensayo tiene como objetivo analizar los principios del proceso penal acusatorio sus excepciones tratándose del derecho penal del enemigo.Abstrac: The present essay aims to analyze the principles of the accusatory criminal process and its exceptions in the case of enemy criminal law.
Exploring the Impact of Social Media Marketing on Tourism Destination Marketing and Revisit Intention: The Extension of Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) Model
Authors: Chin Chee Hua , Winnie Wong Poh Ming
Published: June 2022

Tourism is widely regarded as one of the largest and fastest growing industries on the world. However, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on international visitor arrivals and receipts for countries worldwide. Recognizing the need for tourism destinations to develop entirely new marketing strategies in the post-COVID-19 era, the establishment of travel brands for tourism destinations is critical to facilitating more effective marketing campaigns. As a result, social media marketing has been recognized as a viable marketing technique for promoting products, services, and information via social networking sites (SNSs). This is perhaps the first study to use the stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) model to examine how SMMA affect tourism destination marketing and, subsequently, revisit intention for rural tourism destinations in Sarawak, Malaysia. A total of 239 valid questionnaires were used to assess the fitness of the measurement (inner) and structural (outer) models. Interestingly, the empirical findings indicate that SMMA (i.e., entertainment, interaction, trendiness, customization, and word-of-mouth) all contribute significantly to the success of rural tourism destination marketing efforts. Additionally, it was discovered that a well-developed tourism destination marketing strategy is critical for increasing tourists' intention to revisit, particularly to rural tourism destinations in Sarawak.
Financial protection from health care spending in Argentina: evolution and distribution (1985-2018)
Authors: Virdis Juan Marcelo , Elorza María Eugenia , Delbianco Fernando
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION: Financial protection from healthcare spending has become an important objective to be addressed by health systems all over the world. A common strategy used to assess financial protection from health care is to estimate the proportion of the population for which out-of-pocket expenditures made at the moment of receiving health services (OOP) might affect the consumption of other goods and services. To this end, two groups of indicators have been developed: catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and impoverishing health expenditure (IHE).  This work aims to investigate how CHE and IHE evolved in Argentina and how equitable was distributed between 1985 and 2018.
METHODOLOGY: we estimated CHE and IHE measures, concentration indexes and concentration curves for all studied periods. In addition, we performed dominance analysis of concentration curves in order to assess changes in the distribution of CHE. 
RESULTS: In 2017/18, 9.57 % of Argentina’s population incurred in CHE using a 10 % of total expenditure (EXP) threshold, 5.81 % using a 15 % of EXP, 4.52 % using a 25 % of EXP net of food spending (ATP), and 1.87 % using a 40 % of ATP. All CHE headcount measures dropped considerably between 1996/97 and 2017/18. IHE measures resulted in nearly zero values. The distribution of CHE was found to be progressive in all periods applying different thresholds. Dominance analysis and CI show that 2004/05 was the most progressive period. However, dominance between curves was only found using low specificity criteria.
DISCUSSION: We found evidence of higher financial protection in the most recent studied period and progressivity of CHE in all periods. A further question to be assessed is whether the lower CHE and progressivity in its distribution is a consequence of an effective public policy or difficulties to access health care.
Asymmetric Link between Unemployment, Inflation and GDP growth rate in the United Kingdom Economy: An ARDL Bounds Approach
Authors: Ageli Dr Mohammed
Published: June 2022

This paper investigates the relationships between unemployment, inflation, and economic growth in the UK. Quarterly data for the period 1990: Q1 to 2020: Q4. The ARDL bounds test model, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), and Granger causality test are applied to examine the variables' short-run and long-run causal relationship. Unemployment rate (UR), inflation rate (INFR) and GDP growth rate (GDPGR) as a proxy of economic growth have been taken to study the relationships among unemployment, inflation, and economic growth. The short-run ARDL model in the study suggests that the entire variables (GDPGR, DUR and INFR) have a short-run causal relationship with each other. It follows the economic theories of Okun’s Law and the short-run Philips curve that there is an interrelationship among economic growth, unemployment, and inflation. The ARDL bounds test and VECM findings suggest strong evidence of cointegration between the three variables, which indicates a long-run equilibrium relationship. The pairwise Granger Causality test suggests a bi-directional relationship between economic growth and unemployment and a unidirectional relationship between inflation and economic growth (INFR→GDPGR) and between inflation and unemployment (INFR→DUR). In this case, monetary and fiscal policies may no longer effectively achieve policymakers’ economic growth and development goals.
La imagen y las ideas de José Enrique Rodó en el espacio público montevideano. Análisis del monumento localizado en el Parque Rodó de Montevideo
Authors: Arias Cecilia
Published: June 2022

El estudio indaga sobre la representación de José Enrique Rodó y sus ideas en el monumento localizado en el Parque Rodó de Montevideo. Aborda cuándo y cómo se decidió conmemorar a este intelectual y escritor uruguayo en el espacio público montevideano, analiza el vínculo del monumento con el medio urbano, el mensaje de la época que contiene y las ideas sobre y de Rodó que trasmite. Reflexiona sobre el problema de la función de los monumentos en el espacio público, de la materialización de las conmemoraciones como lugares de memoria y de construcción de la identidad.
«El Congo no era un lugar, el Congo éramos nosotros». Literatura y otredad en Pandora en el Congo de Albert Sánchez Piñol
Authors: Illescas Raúl Marcelo
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo propone una lectura de Pandora en el Congo (2005) de Albert Sánchez Piñol, en tanto novela de aventuras. Se parte de la hipótesis de que el autor ofrece una reflexión metaliteraria a partir de una estructura enmarcada en la que se reconocen varios planos y relatos, que permiten revisar procedimientos literarios y las narrativas de ciencia ficción, romántica y de terror. El análisis se desarrolla, además, considerando el contexto colonialista que conlleva este género. En el caso de esta novela, el contexto se subvierte y ello da lugar a reformular los conceptos de otredad y exotismo. El escenario planteado, el Congo en el corazón africano, es el espacio propicio para deliberar sobre las relaciones binarias cristalizadas y la asimetría cultural establecidas por el imperialismo europeo.