bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving the recipe for wheat bread by introducing various dosages of herbal sage powder
Authors:   Grodno State Agrarian University, Rusina I. M.
Published: August 2024

The article includes the results of research on the effect of different dosages of sage powder on quality indicators of wheat flour of the highest grade, dough and baked bread. Insignificant changes in the moisture content of mixture samples, an increase in titratable acidity, and a decrease in the weight fraction of crude gluten with simultaneous strengthening were found. High indicators of finished bread appearance of all experimental samples, good condition of crumb, change of colour, taste and smell with increasing of dosage of sage powder from 0.25 to 2.5 % of flour weight were noted. Physico-chemical indicators of wheat bread quality of all experimental samples were registered within the standardised norms. According to the results of tasting analysis the best sample containing 1.5 % of sage powder from the weight of wheat flour was selected. The selected product had high microbiological parameters at the end of shelf life. It is proposed to use sage powder as a phytoactive additive to improve the quality indicators of bread and give it a functional purpose.
Formation of consumer properties of enriched sugar waffle cookies by adding crushed nut kernels
Authors:   Russian University of Cooperation, Kazan Cooperative Institute (branch), Khamatgaleeva G. A.
Published: August 2024

The advisability of enriching cookies with essential nutrients missing from the diet is dictated by the fact that it is a product in demand. Cookies enriched with plant materials will provide the population with “healthy nutrition” products. Based on the research, recipes and technologies for functional flour products with the addition of crushed nut kernels with an optimal particle size of 2-3 mm have been developed; the optimal ratios in recipe compositions were determined, which is 10% per 1 ton of product, recipes and technologies for enriched flour confectionery products were developed. The article also describes indicators of the quality of products, provides an assessment of consumer properties, nutritional value and safety of functional flour products.
PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MELALUI BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID SYARIAH DI DESA SEBAYAN KECAMATAN SAMBAS
Authors: Ridawati  , Budi Iswanto  , Wulan Purnamasari
Published: August 2024

BUMDes in the last few years is indeed a subject of conversation, not only by ordinary people but also among researchers and students. It is understandable, because the existence of BUMDes has a strategic role in the society especially in rural areas. If observed carefully the nature of BUMDes not solely as an economic institution of a commercial nature, but also as a means to improve the welfare of society. This study aims to Describe the business units BUMDes Joint Venture which is located in the Village of Sebayan Kecamatan Sambas. Analyze the role of BUMDes in the economic empowerment of the community in the village of Sebayan Kecamatan Sambas Kabupaten Sambas, which are then reviewed from the perspective of Maqasid Shariah. The research method used in this research is qualitative research this type of research is field research where the data collection using interviews, observation and documentation. While for data analysis techniques, namely the reduction of data presentation of data and drawing conclusions as for checking the validity of data is by using triangulation of sources. The results of this research can be known that: the farm Shop, Organic Farm and kos-kosan. The existence of BUMDes is perceived to be very beneficial for the community so that the life of the Village community more prosperous and increasing in terms of the economy. In view of the maqasid syariah BUMDES a Joint Effort Village Sebayan has fulfill some point maqasid shariah, namely the preservation sense, guard treasure, and environmental safeguards.
PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN WISATA PANTAI TEMAJUK MEALUI PEMBATASAN SAMPAH PLASTIK
Authors: Wulan Purnamasari  , Fani Heru Wismono  , Uray Juniardi
Published: August 2024

Coastal tourism development activities in Temajuk provide economic benefits to the community around the coast. However, on the other hand, the beach faces a very disturbing problem of plastic waste, plastic waste around Temajuk Beach is mostly contributed by household waste and also garbage from the ocean. Active and collaborative involvement of various parties in helping to limit the use of plastic waste in the Temajuk Beach Area is very much needed. Interviews with stakeholders and literature studies on existing data such as the government and other institutions involved to get quick wins for plastic waste activities in the Temajuk Beach Tourism Area. So based on the mapping of the problems found in the field, a lot of information is then divided into three parts. The first is the problem that occurred, then followed by various solutions to the problem in brief, and the last part is the expectation regarding the handling of waste management in the Temajuk Beach Tourism Area. Based on the mapping, it can be seen that the waste problem that appears in the Temajuk Tourism Area is not only a problem of waste generation, especially plastic waste. However, the problems that arise are related to the overall management of solid waste management which is still not optimally perceived by the community.
THE EFFECT OF DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO, CURRENT RATIO AND INSTITUTIONAL OWNERSHIP ON SHARE RETURNS IN BANKING COMPANIES ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE FOR THE 2017-2020 PERIOD
Authors: Nurhalimah
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of DER, CR, INST on stock returns in banking companies listed on the IDX. This research is a type of quantitative approach. The total population in this study was 46 banking companies, with the research sample used were 4 banking companies. The results of the research that have been obtained conclude that partially DER and CR have a negative and significant effect on stock returns in bank companies. While INST has a positive and significant effect on stock returns in banking companies. And simultaneously DER, CR, and INST have a significant effect on stock returns of banking companies listed on the IDX.
STRATEGY OF BUSINESS ENTITY OWNED BY VILLAGE BUSINESS TOGETHER IN SEBAYAN VILLAGE IN INCREASING VILLAGE ORIGINAL INCOME
Authors: Yuman Firmansyah  , Sumar’in  , Jaelani
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Sebayan Kecamatan Sambas Kabupaten Sambas Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) strategi Badan Usaha Usaha Bersama Milik Desa dalam meningkatkan pendapatan asli desa, (2) Faktor pendukung BUM Desa Usaha Bersama dalam meningkatkan pendapatan asli desa, (3) faktor penghambat BUM Desa Usaha Bersama dalam meningkatkan pendapatan asli desa. Pendekatan dan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Adapun teknik data yang digunakan adalah analisis atau metode SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dalam meningkatkan strategi menunjukkan bahwa  perusahaan  berada dalam kondisi yang sangat menguntungkan  karena  memiliki kekuatan sehingga dapat meraih beberapa peluang  yang ada sehingga dapat memungkinkan untuk terus melakukan peningkatan, memperbesar pertumbuhan, dan meraih kemajuan secara maksimal.
MANAGEMENT VILLAGE OWNED BUSINESS ENTITIES IN IMPROVING VILLAGE ORIGINAL INCOME ISLAMIC ECONOMIC PERSPEC
Authors: Rudi M  , Wulan Purnamasari  , Jaelani
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK
Badan Usaha Milik Desa di wilayah Kabupaten Sambas masih banyak yang belum dikelola secara maksimal sehingga Badan Usaha Milik Desa di Kabupaten Sambas hanya sekitar 10% dalam kondisi sehat secara pengelolaan. Hal ini mengakibatkan banyaknya modal yang telah digelontorkan olah pemerintah desa tidak sebanding dengan Pendapatan Asli Desa yang diterima oleh Pemerintah Desa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis Teknik Miles dan Hubermen dan Analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa BUM Desa Maju Bersama Sejiram menerapkan Pengelolaan berupa Perencanaan, pengorganisasian, Pelaksanaan dan pertanggungjawaban sesuai regulasi yang ada. Berdasarkan kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang, dan ancaman yang ada di lapangan, beberapa alternatif strategi yang dapat diterapkan dalam pengelolaan BUMDesa, yaitu strategi Ekspansi unit usaha unggulan, pengembangan SDM dan kelembagaan, strategi pengembangan Mitra Bisnis  dan Inovasi usaha, serta strategi Penindakan usaha Ilegal. Pengelolaan BUMDesa Maju Bersama dalam hal meningkatkan Pendapatan Asli Desa menggunakan konsep kepemilikan, keadilan dan keseimbangan
ABSTRACT
There are still many Village Owned Enterprises in the Sambas Regency area that have not been managed optimally so that only 10% of Village Owned Enterprises in Sambas Regency are in a healthy condition in terms of management. This resulted in the amount of capital that had been disbursed by the village government was not proportional to the Village Original Income received by the Village Government. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive type of research. Data collection techniques with interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis used Miles and Hubermen technique analysis and SWOT analysis. The results of this study indicate that BUM Desa Maju Bersama Sejiram applies management in the form of planning, organizing, implementing and being accountable according to existing regulations. Based on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that exist in the field, several alternative strategies can be applied in the management of BUMDes, namely the expansion strategy of leading business units, human and institutional development, business partner development strategies and business innovation, and illegal business action strategies. BUMDes Management Forward Together in terms of increasing Village Original Income using the concepts of ownership, justice and balance
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF MANAGEMENT UNIT ACTIVITIES OF THE EX-PNPM Savings and Loans COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT TRUST FUND FOR WOMEN'S GROUPS 2017 – 2020 IN SEJANGKUNG DISTRICT
Authors: Mulyanto Yayan
Published: August 2024

-
The Influence Of Bank Health Ratio On Profitability In PT. Bank SULSELBAR Makassar, Indonesia
Authors: Auliyah Nurwafiyyah  , Fadlina  , Mariam Makmur
Published: August 2024

The objective of this research is to analyse the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Operations Expenses to Operation Income (BOPO) toward Return On Equity (ROE). Secondary data were obtained from quarterly report of PT. Bank Sulselbar Makassar covering the period of 2010 until 2017. F test shows that in simultant variable Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Operations Expenses to Operation Income (BOPO), influence Return On Equity (ROE). While, partially with t test show that CAR and LDR variables show positive and doesn’t have significant to ROE, NPL variable show negative and significant to ROE, and BOPO variable show negative and doesn’t have significant to ROE. Predictive ability of the four independent variabels to ROE is 42,6% and it shown by adjusted R2 value, the rest 57,4% influenced by other variabel outside the model.
Linking essay-writing tests using many-facet models and neural automated essay scoring
Authors: Uto Masaki , Aramaki Kota
Published: August 2024

For essay-writing tests, challenges arise when scores assigned to essays are influenced by the characteristics of raters, such as rater severity and consistency. Item response theory (IRT) models incorporating rater parameters have been developed to tackle this issue, exemplified by the many-facet Rasch models. These IRT models enable the estimation of examinees’ abilities while accounting for the impact of rater characteristics, thereby enhancing the accuracy of ability measurement. However, difficulties can arise when different groups of examinees are evaluated by different sets of raters. In such cases, test linking is essential for unifying the scale of model parameters estimated for individual examinee–rater groups. Traditional test-linking methods typically require administrators to design groups in which either examinees or raters are partially shared. However, this is often impractical in real-world testing scenarios. To address this, we introduce a novel method for linking the parameters of IRT models with rater parameters that uses neural automated essay scoring technology. Our experimental results indicate that our method successfully accomplishes test linking with accuracy comparable to that of linear linking using few common examinees.
Impacto de Herramientas de IA Generativa en la Motivación y Satisfacción de Estudiantes de Nivel Superior de la Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías de la Información
Authors: Rodríguez Matías Leopoldo , Morales Karina de León , Chapa Arturo de León , Zambrano Dávila Juana Inés , Gallardo Bernal Iván
Published: August 2024

Este estudio explora el impacto de las herramientas de Inteligencia Artificial (IA) generativa en la motivación y satisfacción de los estudiantes de primer año de la Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías de la Información de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero en Acapulco, Gro.  Como elemento de recolección de datos se desarrolló e implementó un cuestionario estructurado para recolectar datos sobre las percepciones de los estudiantes, con un rango de edad de 18 a 28 años. Los resultados indican una alta aceptación para el uso de estas herramientas, destacando su utilidad en el aprendizaje y la resolución de problemas. Sin embargo, también se identificaron áreas de mejora, como la necesidad de promover un uso ético y responsable en el uso de las mismas.
Incidencia de la Actividad Fisica en Niños con Obesidad de 6to y 7mo Año de Educación General Basica
Authors: Ballesteros España Colón Alberto , Baque Catuto Liliana Gabriela
Published: August 2024

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo contribuir al mejoramiento de la salud de niños y niñas, tras detectar un número considerable de alumnos con sobrepeso en edad escolar en una institución educativa de la provincia de Sucumbíos durante el período lectivo 2022-2023, por un periodo de 7 semenas, Cabe destacar que los niños tienen aproximadamente entre 10 y 11 años y son parte de la generación post-COVID-19, quienes no tuvieron clases de educación física de manera presencial durante alrededor de dos años. Además, se realizaron reuniones con los padres de familia para comunicar el trabajo a realizar y se procedió a consultar sobre el tipo de alimentación disponible en casa en las horas del desayuno, almuerzo y merienda. También se consideraron los refrigerios que consumían los chicos durante las horas de recreo en la escuela. Por ello se plantea realizar un estudio con un enfoque metodológico exploratorio de carácter observacional y descriptivo-correlacional. Los resultados cuantitativos fueron en relacion IMC , no tuvieron  mayor variación en el Pre test y en el Post test en niños y niñas , uno de los factores es el corto tiempo de la prueba, en el aspecto cualitativo los niños y niñas mejoraron su rendimiento escolar y social con la implementación de horas de educación física, lo que también contribuyó a mejorar las normas de alimentación.
Desafíos y Oportunidades en la Integración de la Gestión Educativa y la Planificación Didáctica en la Universidad: Reflexiones desde la Práctica. En el Centro Regional Universitario los Santos
Authors: Díaz Domingo , Vega Dalila María , Consuegra Delia , Castillero Graell Dior B.
Published: August 2024

El artículo aborda la compleja relación entre la gestión educativa y la planificación didáctica en el ámbito universitario, explorando los desafíos y oportunidades que surgen al intentar integrar estas dos áreas en la práctica educativa. Se destaca que la coordinación entre la administración educativa y los docentes representa un desafío significativo, especialmente al alinear los objetivos institucionales con las prácticas pedagógicas, lo que puede generar tensiones relacionadas con la autonomía académica y la dirección institucional. Además, se enfatiza que la implementación efectiva de la planificación didáctica requiere recursos adecuados, lo cual plantea desafíos financieros y logísticos para las universidades. A pesar de estos retos, el artículo también resalta las oportunidades significativas que ofrece la integración de la gestión educativa y la planificación didáctica. Por ejemplo, al alinear estas áreas, las universidades pueden promover una cultura institucional centrada en el aprendizaje y la mejora continua. La colaboración entre los departamentos académicos y los líderes administrativos facilita la innovación curricular y la implementación de prácticas pedagógicas innovadoras. Utiliza una metodología cualitativa que incluye revisión de literatura y análisis de casos. Los participantes coincidieron en que una integración efectiva de la gestión educativa y la planificación didáctica puede contribuir significativamente a mejorar la calidad del aprendizaje y preparar mejor a los estudiantes para los desafíos futuros.
De Ecuador a España Anàlisis de las Estrategias Innovadoras en la Exportaciòn de Sombreros Artesanales en los Años 2018-2023
Authors: Bonilla Rivera Sandra Janneth , Solorzano Solorzano Sandra Sayonara
Published: August 2024

Ecuador es un país reconocido por su rica tradición artesanal y la calidad de los productos hechos a mano que exporta al resto del mundo. El artículo se centró en investigar las tácticas utilizadas para exportar sombreros de paja toquilla desde Ecuador hacia España. El objetivo principal de la investigación fue describir las estrategias innovadoras que permitieron el éxito de estas exportaciones y responder preguntas clave sobre las características y oportunidades de mejora de los sombreros ecuatorianos en el mercado español​. La metodología empleada incluyó un enfoque histórico-documental combinado con métodos deductivos e inductivos. El estudio se basó en la recopilación y análisis de información a partir de fuentes documentales, como artículos, revistas y datos del Banco Central del Ecuador y TradeMap. Este enfoque permitió interpretar detalladamente las cifras de exportación y comprender las dinámicas y cambios en las tácticas comerciales a lo largo del tiempo​. Las conclusiones indicaron que las estrategias innovadoras se centraron en la calidad superior y la autenticidad cultural de los productos, así como en la segmentación específica del mercado y el uso de tácticas de marketing integrales. Además, se destacó la importancia de los acuerdos comerciales con la Unión Europea para facilitar el acceso al mercado europeo. Se identificaron oportunidades de mejora, como el fortalecimiento del marketing digital y la diversificación de productos​.
Aplicación del Currículo y Derecho a la Educación Inclusiva de Niños con Autismo en Instituciones Educativas Privadas, Lima Sur, 2023
Authors: Montes Garibay Miguel Angel
Published: August 2024

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general: Determinar de qué manera la aplicación del currículo garantiza el derecho a la educación inclusiva de los niños con autismo en instituciones privadas Lima Sur 2023. La metodología utilizada fue de un enfoque cualitativo, de carácter básica, en cuanto a su diseño es de tipo dogmático con un enfoque fenomenológico. Con relación a la población se basó en entrevistas a 10 abogados especialistas y educadores conocedores del tema de derecho a la educación inclusiva. Los resultados señalan que, una discrepancia entre la ley de educación inclusiva y su práctica en Lima Sur, con la adaptación curricular y formación docente como pilares clave para niños con autismo. La falta de recursos y personal cualificado impide la implementación efectiva, mostrando una brecha entre el ideal inclusivo y la realidad. Además, se sugiere un cambio cultural para aceptar la diversidad y mejorar la educación especial. Se concluye que, la investigación identifica un vacío entre la normativa peruana de educación inclusiva y su ejecución en escuelas privadas de Lima Sur para niños con autismo. A pesar de leyes favorables, la carencia de recursos y entrenamiento docente impide la inclusión real.
A halottakkal kapcsolatos eljárások
Authors: Katona Rita
Published: August 2024

The author provides an overview of the newly adopted regulations on corpse examination in Hungary.
Hamis beismerő vallomás a gyakorlatban
Authors: Kalász Péter Béla
Published: August 2024

The author provides an overview of the morphology and consequences of false confessions in criminal procedures.
MODERN FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MONETARY POLICY IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Tomsk State Pedagogical University, PETROVA TATIANA
Published: August 2024

The monetary policy of the state, especially in the current conditions of severe sanctions, is a leading link in the development of the national economy and is under constant control and influence of various factors, including the dynamics of such financial indicators as the key rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, the amount of money in the economy by the size of monetary aggregates, attracting investments through, inter alia, digital financial assets and the introduction of a digital ruble in order to increase the stability of the national financial system.
Non-Stationary Difference Equation and Affine Laumon Space II: Quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov Equation
Authors:   Nagoya University, Japan, Awata Hidetoshi , Hasegawa Koji ,   Tohoku University, Japan, Kanno Hiroaki ,   Nagoya University, Japan, Ohkawa Ryo ,   Osaka Metropolitan University, Japan, Shakirov Shamil ,   University of Geneva, Switzerland, Shiraishi Jun'ichi ,   University of Tokyo, Japan, Yamada Yasuhiko ,   Kobe University, Rokko, Japan
Published: August 2024

We show that Shakirov's non-stationary difference equation, when it is truncated, implies the quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov ($q$-KZ) equation for $U_{\mathsf v}\bigl(A_1^{(1)}\bigr)$ with generic spins. Namely, we can tune mass parameters so that the Hamiltonian acts on the space of finite Laurent polynomials. Then the representation matrix of the Hamiltonian agrees with the $R$-matrix, or the quantum $6j$ symbols. On the other hand, we prove that the $K$ theoretic Nekrasov partition function from the affine Laumon space is identified with the well-studied Jackson integral solution to the $q$-KZ equation. Combining these results, we establish that the affine Laumon partition function gives a solution to Shakirov's equation, which was a conjecture in our previous paper. We also work out the base-fiber duality and four-dimensional limit in relation with the $q$-KZ equation.
A Volume-limited Radio Search for Magnetic Activity in 140 Exoplanets with the Very Large Array
Authors: Ortiz Ceballos Kevin N. , Cendes Yvette , Berger Edo , Williams Peter K. G.
Published: August 2024

We present results from a search for radio emission in 77 stellar systems hosting 140 exoplanets, predominantly within 17.5 pc using the Very Large Array (VLA) at 4–8 GHz. This is the largest and most sensitive search to date for radio emission in exoplanetary systems in the GHz frequency range. We obtained new observations of 58 systems and analyzed archival observations of an additional 19 systems. Our choice of frequency and volume limit is motivated by radio detections of ultracool dwarfs (UCDs), including T dwarfs with masses at the exoplanet threshold of ∼13 M
J. Our surveyed exoplanets span a mass range of ≈10−3–10 M
J and semimajor axes of ≈10−2–10 au. We detect a single target—GJ 3323 (M4) hosting two exoplanets with minimum masses of 2 and 2.3 M
⊕—with a circular polarization fraction of ≈40%; the radio luminosity agrees with its known X-ray luminosity and the Güdel–Benz relation for stellar activity suggesting a likely stellar origin, but the high circular polarization fraction may also be indicative of star–planet interaction. For the remaining sources our 3σ upper limits are generally L

ν
≲ 1012.5 erg s−1 Hz−1, comparable to the lowest radio luminosities in UCDs. Our results are consistent with previous targeted searches of individual systems at GHz frequencies while greatly expanding the sample size. Our sensitivity is comparable to predicted fluxes for some systems considered candidates for detectable star–planet interaction. Observations with future instruments such as the Square Kilometre Array and Next-Generation VLA will be necessary to further constrain emission mechanisms from exoplanet systems at GHz frequencies.
JWST-TST DREAMS: Nonuniform Dayside Emission for WASP-17b from MIRI/LRS
Authors: Valentine Daniel , Wakeford Hannah R. , Challener Ryan C. , Batalha Natasha E. , Lewis Nikole K. , Grant David , Mullens Elijah , Alderson Lili , Goyal Jayesh , MacDonald Ryan J. , May Erin M. , Seager Sara , Stevenson Kevin B. , Valenti Jeff A. , Allen Natalie H. , Espinoza Néstor , Glidden Ana , Gressier Amélie , Huang Jingcheng , Lin Zifan , Long Douglas , Louie Dana R. , Clampin Mark , Perrin Marshall , van der Marel Roeland P. , Mountain C. Matt
Published: August 2024

We present the first spectroscopic characterization of the dayside atmosphere of WASP-17b in the mid-infrared using a single JWST MIRI/LRS eclipse observation. From forward-model fits to the 5–12 μm emission spectrum, we tightly constrain the heat redistribution factor of WASP-17b to be 0.92 ± 0.02 at the pressures probed by this data, indicative of inefficient global heat redistribution. We also marginally detect a supersolar abundance of water, consistent with previous findings for WASP-17b, but note our weak constraints on this parameter. These results reflect the thermodynamically rich but chemically poor information content of MIRI/LRS emission data for high-temperature hot Jupiters. Using the eclipse mapping method, which utilizes the signals that the spatial emission profile of an exoplanet imprints on the eclipse light curve during ingress/egress due to its partial occultation by the host star, we also construct the first eclipse map of WASP-17b, allowing us to diagnose its multidimensional atmospheric dynamics for the first time. We find a day–night temperature contrast of order 1000 K at the pressures probed by this data, consistent with our derived heat redistribution factor, along with an eastward longitudinal hotspot offset of

18.7

−
3.8

+
11.1
◦

, indicative of the presence of an equatorial jet induced by day–night thermal forcing being the dominant redistributor of heat from the substellar point. These dynamics are consistent with general circulation model predictions for WASP-17b. This work is part of a series of studies by the JWST Telescope Scientist Team, in which we use Guaranteed Time Observations to perform Deep Reconnaissance of Exoplanet Atmospheres through Multi-instrument Spectroscopy.
Archetype-based Redshift Estimation for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Survey
Authors: Anand Abhijeet , Guy Julien , Bailey Stephen , Moustakas John , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Bolton A. S. , Brodzeller A. , Brooks D. , Claybaugh T. , Cole S. , de la Macorra A. , Dey Biprateep , Fanning K. , Forero-Romero J. E. , Gaztañaga E. , Gontcho A Gontcho S. , Gutierrez G. , Honscheid K. , Howlett C. , Juneau S. , Kirkby D. , Kisner T. , Kremin A. , Lambert A. , Landriau M. , Le Guillou L. , Manera M. , Meisner A. , Miquel R. , Mueller E. , Niz G. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Percival W. J. , Poppett C. , Prada F. , Raichoor A. , Rezaie M. , Rossi G. , Sanchez E. , Schlafly E. F. , Schlegel D. , Schubnell M. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Warner C. , Weaver B. A. , Zhou R. , Zou H.
Published: August 2024

We present a computationally efficient galaxy archetype-based redshift estimation and spectral classification method for the Dark Energy Survey Instrument (DESI) survey. The DESI survey currently relies on a redshift fitter and spectral classifier using a linear combination of principal component analysis–derived templates, which is very efficient in processing large volumes of DESI spectra within a short time frame. However, this method occasionally yields unphysical model fits for galaxies and fails to adequately absorb calibration errors that may still be occasionally visible in the reduced spectra. Our proposed approach improves upon this existing method by refitting the spectra with carefully generated physical galaxy archetypes combined with additional terms designed to absorb data reduction defects and provide more physical models to the DESI spectra. We test our method on an extensive data set derived from the survey validation (SV) and Year 1 (Y1) data of DESI. Our findings indicate that the new method delivers marginally better redshift success for SV tiles while reducing catastrophic redshift failure by 10%–30%. At the same time, results from millions of targets from the main survey show that our model has relatively higher redshift success and purity rates (0.5%–0.8% higher) for galaxy targets while having similar success for QSOs. These improvements also demonstrate that the main DESI redshift pipeline is generally robust. Additionally, it reduces the false-positive redshift estimation by 5%−40% for sky fibers. We also discuss the generic nature of our method and how it can be extended to other large spectroscopic surveys, along with possible future improvements.
Concurrent Particle Acceleration and Pitch-angle Anisotropy Driven by Magnetic Reconnection: Ion-electron Plasmas
Authors: Comisso Luca
Published: August 2024

Particle acceleration and pitch-angle anisotropy resulting from magnetic reconnection are investigated in highly magnetized ion-electron plasmas. By means of fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations, we demonstrate that magnetic reconnection generates anisotropic particle distributions

f

s

∣
cos
α
∣
,
ε

, characterized by broken power laws in the particle energy spectrum f

s
(ε) ∝ ε
−p
and pitch angle

〈

sin

2

α
〉
∝

ε

m

. The characteristics of these distributions are determined by the relative strengths of the magnetic field’s guide and reconnecting components (B

g
/B
0) and the plasma magnetization (σ
0). Below the injection break energy ε
0, ion and electron energy spectra are extremely hard (p
< ≲ 1) for any B

g
/B
0 and σ
0 ≳ 1, while above ε
0 the spectral index steepens (p
> ≳ 2), displaying high sensitivity to both B

g
/B
0 and σ
0. The pitch angle displays power-law ranges with negative slopes (m
<) below and positive slopes (m
>) above

ε

min
α

, steepening with increasing B

g
/B
0 and σ
0. The ratio B

g
/B
0 regulates the redistribution of magnetic energy between ions (ΔE

i
) and electrons (ΔE

e
), with ΔE

i
≫ ΔE

e
for B

g
/B
0 ≪ 1, ΔE

i
∼ ΔE

e
for B

g
/B
0 ∼ 1, and ΔE

i
≪ ΔE

e
for B

g
/B
0 ≫ 1, with ΔE

i
/ΔE

e
approaching unity when σ
0 ≫ 1. The anisotropic distribution of accelerated particles results in an optically thin synchrotron power spectrum F

ν
(ν) ∝ ν
(2−2p+m)/(4+m) and a linear polarization degree Πlin = (p + 1)/(p + 7/3 + m/3) for a uniform magnetic field. Pitch-angle anisotropy also induces temperature anisotropy and eases synchrotron cooling, along with producing beamed radiation aligned with the magnetic field, which is potentially responsible for rapid frequency-dependent variability.
Constraining the Number Density of the Accretion Disk Wind in Hercules X-1 Using Its Ionization Response to X-Ray Pulsations
Authors: Kosec P. , Rogantini D. , Kara E. , Canizares C. R. , Fabian A. C. , Pinto C. , Psaradaki I. , Staubert R. , Walton D. J.
Published: August 2024

X-ray binaries are known to launch powerful accretion disk winds that can have a significant impact on the binary systems and their surroundings. To quantify the impact and determine the launching mechanisms of these outflows, we need to measure the wind plasma number density, an important ingredient in the theoretical disk wind models. While X-ray spectroscopy is a crucial tool for understanding the wind properties, such as their velocity and ionization, in nearly all cases, we lack the signal-to-noise ratio to constrain the plasma number density, weakening the constraints on the outflow location and mass outflow rate. We present a new approach to determining this number density in the X-ray binary Hercules X-1, by measuring the speed of the wind ionization response to the time-variable illuminating continuum. Hercules X-1 is powered by a highly magnetized neutron star, pulsating with a period of 1.24 s. We show that the wind number density in Hercules X-1 is sufficiently high to respond to these pulsations by modeling the ionization response with the time-dependent photoionization model tpho. We then perform a pulse-resolved analysis of the best-quality XMM-Newton observation of Hercules X-1 and directly detect the wind response, confirming that the wind density is at least 1012 cm−3. Finally, we simulate XRISM observations of Hercules X-1 and show that they will allow us to accurately measure the number density at different locations within the outflow. With XRISM, we will rule out ∼3 orders of magnitude in density parameter space, constraining the wind mass outflow rate, energetics, and its launching mechanism.
Robust r-process Nucleosynthesis beyond Lanthanides in the Common Envelop Jet Supernovae
Authors: Jin Shilun , Soker Noam
Published: August 2024

The common envelop jet supernovae (CEJSNe) r-process scenario has been proposed as an r-process nucleosynthesis site in the past decade. Jets launched by a neutron star that spirals in inside the core of a red supergiant star in a common envelope evolution supply the proper conditions for forming elements heavier than iron through the rapid neutron-capture process. The present work initially unveils the r-process abundance patterns that result from the density profile in the relatively long-lived jets. The results indicate that the expansion profile unique to the CEJSN scenario can produce the largest ratio of the third r-process peak elements to lanthanides among current r-process scenarios and, in addition, can form quite an amount of lanthanides, about 1% of matters above the first peak, in a single event. The comparison of the ratio of the third-peak elements to the lanthanides with several observed r-enhanced metal-poor stars and with other r-process scenarios suggests that a high mass of third-peak elements is anticorrelated with a high fraction of lanthanides, both in observations and theory. The CEJSN-like scenario plays a significant role in this conclusion since it reproduces the observational features of some particular r-enhanced metal-poor stars where other r-process scenarios encounter problems. Due to the formation of extremely heavy elements, the CEJSN also offers a credible estimation of the age of the most actinide-boosted star by cosmochronometry.
Revealing the Fate of Exoplanet Systems: Asteroseismic Identification of Host Star in the Red Clump or Red Giant Branch
Authors: Lin Wen-Xu , Qian Sheng-Bang , Zhu Li-Ying
Published: August 2024

Determining the evolutionary stage of stars is crucial for understanding the evolution of exoplanetary systems. In this context, red giant branch (RGB) and red clump (RC) stars, which formed at stages in the later evolution of stars situated before and after the helium flash, harbor critical clues to unveiling the evolution of planets. The first step in revealing these clues is to confirm the evolutionary stage of the host stars through asteroseismology. However, up to now, host stars confirmed to be RGB or RC stars are extremely rare. In this investigation, we present a comprehensive asteroseismic analysis of two evolved stars, HD 120084 and HD 29399, known to harbor exoplanets, using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. We have discovered for the first time that HD 120084 is an RC star in the helium-core-burning phase, and confirmed that HD 29399 is an RGB star in the hydrogen-shell burning phase. Through the precise measurement of asteroseismic parameters such as

ν

max

, Δν, and ΔΠ1, we have determined the evolutionary states of these stars and derived their fundamental stellar parameters. The significance of this study lies in the application of automated techniques to measure asymptotic period spacings in red giants, which provides critical insights into the evolutionary outcomes of exoplanet systems. We demonstrate that asteroseismology is a potent tool for probing the internal structures of stars, thereby offering a window into the past and future dynamics of planetary orbits. The presence of a long-period giant planet orbiting HD 120084, in particular, raises intriguing questions about the potential engulfment of inner planets during the host star’s expansion, a hypothesis that warrants further investigation.
Forgotten for two centuries: redescription of Phoxinus isetensis (Georgi, 1775) (Cypriniformes, Leuciscidae) – the most widespread minnow in Europe
Authors: Artaev Oleg N. , Bolotovskiy Aleksey A. , Turbanov Ilya S. , Gandlin Alexander A. , Kutuzov Aleksey V. , Levina Marina A. , Melentev Danila A. , Pozdeev Ivan V. , Borisov Mikhail Ya. , Levin Boris A.
Published: August 2024

The morphology, phylogenetic position, and distribution of a recently revalidated species of leuciscid minnow, Phoxinus isetensis, were substantially clarified. The species was described in the late 18th century from the Middle Urals but later synonymized with Phoxinus phoxinus. As believed, P. isetensis is distributed in the Arctic Ocean catchment from the Murman coast via West and East Siberia until the Pacific Ocean catchment in Far East and Northeastern Asia. Our study, with the use of mtDNA markers coupled with extensive morphological data, showed that the distribution of P. isetensis is greatly different. Currently, this is the most widespread Phoxinus species in Europe, distributed in Northern and Western Europe and on the eastern edge of Siberia (Iset and Ural basins). In particular, P. isetensis inhabits the basins of the Caspian, Baltic, White, Barents, and Kara seas, possibly occurring in the North Sea basin. The species was redescribed, and the type locality and neotype were designated. The main morphological difference from other Phoxinus spp. is the large total number of vertebrae (39–43, mode 41) due to an increase in the number of caudal vertebrae (16–21, mode 19). Phylogenetically, P. isetensis is a sister to the Caucasian species P. colchicus (p-distance = 5%). The wide distribution of P. isetensis within the area of the Last Glacial Maximum suggests rapid colonization of deglaciated regions, probably due to its adaptation to a cold climate.
Re-revision Extensor Mechanism Reconstruction Because of Nonunion and Tendon Failure After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Krieg Brandi , Dayton Michael , Alfonso Nicholas
Published: August 2024

Extensor mechanism (EM) disruption after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is devastating, especially in cases of re-rupture. A 67-year-old man with diabetes had patellar tendon rupture after revision TKA and then had migration of the bone block after Achilles tendon allograft with bone block (ATBB) augmentation with cerclage. A third reconstruction was performed with open reduction and internal fixation and high-strength braided suture augmentation. Five months postoperatively, the patient had regained full range of motion with intact EM and hardware. The risk of re-rupture is high in ATBB, and the primary issues in this case were nonunion and tendinous compromise. A construct that encompasses compression and buttressing of the bone block with tendon augmentation potentially addresses the risks of recurrent EM rupture in more complex cases. [
Orthopedics.
2024;47(5):e273–e276.]
Generalized variational inclusion: graph convergence and dynamical system approach
Authors: Filali Doaa , Dilshad Mohammad , Akram Mohammad
Published: August 2024

This work focused on the investigation of a generalized variation inclusion problem. The resolvent operator for generalized $ \eta $-co-monotone mapping was structured, the Lipschitz constant was estimated and its relationship with the graph convergence was accomplished. An Ishikawa type iterative algorithm was designed by incorporating the resolvent operator and total asymptotically non-expansive mapping. By employing the novel implication of graph convergence and analyzing the convergence of the considered iterative method, the common solution of the generalized variational inclusion and the set of fixed points of a total asymptotically non-expansive mapping was obtained. Moreover, a generalized resolvent dynamical system was investigated. Some of its attributes were discussed and implemented to examine the considered generalized variation inclusion problem.
Supercommuting maps on unital algebras with idempotents
Authors: Luo Yingyu , Wang Yu
Published: August 2024

Let $ \mathcal{A} $ be a unital algebra with nontrivial idempotents. We considered $ \mathcal{A} $ as a superalgebra according to Ghahramani and Zadeh's method. We provided a description of supercommuting maps on $ \mathcal{A} $. As a consequence, we gave a description of supercommuting maps on matrix algebras, which is different from the result on commuting maps of matrix algebras. Finally, we proved that every supercommuting map on triangular algebras is a commuting map.
Dynamics of a damped quintic wave equation with time-dependent coefficients
Authors: Zhou Feng , Li Hongfang , Zhu Kaixuan , Li Xin
Published: August 2024

We present a comprehensive investigation of the long-term dynamics generated by a semilinear wave equation with time-dependent coefficients and quintic nonlinearity on a bounded domain subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions. By employing rescaling techniques for time and utilizing the Strichartz estimates applicable to bounded domains, we initially study the global well-posedness of the Shatah–Struwe (S–S) solutions. Subsequently, we establish the existence of a uniform weak global attractor consisting of points on complete bounded trajectories through an approach based on evolutionary systems. Finally, we prove that this uniformly weak attractor is indeed strong by means of a backward asymptotic a priori estimate and the so-called energy method. Moreover, the smoothness of the obtained attractor is also shown with the help of a decomposition technique.
Assessing the Role of Indigenous African Traditional Practices in Facilitating Cultural and Intellectual Revitalization and Decolonization
Authors: Tella Adeyinka , Oladokun Bolaji David
Published: August 2024

Indigenous African traditional practices provide a significant foundation for challenging the legacy of colonialism and fostering the reclamation of cultural identities. This chapter explores the critical role of indigenous African traditional practices in fostering cultural and intellectual revitalization while actively engaging in the process of decolonization. By examining the rich heritage of indigenous African traditions, this chapter argues that these practices offer valuable insights and pathways towards reclaiming cultural identities, challenging dominant colonial narratives, and decolonizing intellectual frameworks within African societies. Drawing on multidisciplinary perspectives from anthropology, sociology, cultural studies, and postcolonial theory, this chapter proposes a comprehensive framework for assessing the transformative potential of indigenous African traditions in cultural and intellectual revitalization.
Unraveling Financial Fraud With AI and Machine Learning
Authors: Singh Bhupinder , Kaunert Christian , Singh Gursahib
Published: August 2024

As the financial sector navigates its trajectory into a digitized future, it stands at a crucial juncture marked by unparalleled opportunities and risks. The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) signifies a paradigmatic shift, providing a powerful arsenal to strengthen defenses against financial frauds that have grown increasingly insidious and elusive. Credit card fraud, a widespread type of financial deception, encompasses the unauthorized utilization of credit card information for making purchases or withdrawing cash. Vigilance and proactive security measures are essential in combating the ongoing threat of credit card fraud. This chapter assumes a pivotal role as a critical undertaking to unravel the dynamics of these frauds, identify the vulnerabilities that facilitate their proliferation and elucidate the intricate framework of AI and ML solutions poised to disrupt and dismantle these nefarious activities.
Thermochromic Properties of 3C-, 6H- and 4H-SiC Polytypes up to 500°C
Authors: Ferro Gabriel , Carole Davy , Chaussende Didier
Published: August 2024

The thermochromic properties (color change with temperature) of n type doped SiC wafers of different polytypes (3C, 4H and 6H) have been investigated up to 500°C under air. It was found that 3C-SiC color passes from bright yellow at room temperature to deep orangeat 500°C leading to a color contrast (ΔE) as high as 64. The hexagonal polytypes undergo also a color change upon heating but far less pronounced, with ΔE values <20. All these semiconductors undergo band gap shrinkage upon heating which effect largely participated to the observed color change. This effect is very sensitive for 3C polytypesince its bandgap is already in the visible energy range at room temperature. The thermochromicity of 3C-SiC was found to be reversible thanks to its thermal stability and its resistance towards oxidation.
Calibration of Aluminum Ion Implantation Monte-Carlo Model for TCAD Simulations in 4H-SiC
Authors: Scholze Andreas , Suvorov Alexander V. , Lichtenwalner Daniel J. , Rogers Steven , Dixit Hemant , Ryu Sei Hyung
Published: August 2024

Ion implantation, as a way of doping the 4H-SiC crystal, is one of the key components of modern power device fabrication. Aluminum is used to form p-type wells for the body of n-MOSFETs and low resistance p-type contacts using heavy doping. Therefore, the ion implantation process needs to be controlled over a wide range of process conditions including implant energies and doses. The fact that Al in 4H-SiC exhibits very low diffusion puts additional burden on the accuracy and predictability of any ion implantation engineering. In device design, these requirements can be addressed by applying computer simulations to predict doping profiles ahead of the actual implant step performed in a manufacturing facility. The accepted way to predict doping profiles is based on the binary-collision approximation (BCA), numerically implemented as a statistical Monte-Carlo (MC) method [1]-[3]. Nowadays, one can refer to simulation packages available from commercial vendors [4] for studying ion implantation using BCA-MC algorithms. However, while the physical accuracy of BCA models implemented in these packages has shown to be quite remarkable, predictable simulations for a complex material system as 4H-SiC requires calibration from data including secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Increasing 4H-SiC Trench Depth by Improving the Dry Etch Selectivity towards the Oxide Hard Mask
Authors: Rusch Oleg , Brueckner Kevin , Erlbacher Johann Tobias
Published: August 2024

This work presents the results of process development for trench formation in SiC power devices to increase the trench depth by improving SiC/SiO2-selectivity of the dry etch process. Motivation behind this development is to further improve the electrical properties of conventional devices like SiC MOSFETs by implementing a trench geometry, allowing the cell pitch to be increased, leading to a reduced on-resistance of SiC TrenchMOS devices. Trench etching was performed on 4H-SiC substrates by utilizing an oxide hard mask, patterned by photolithography and dry etching. The SiC trench profile was analyzed by cross-section preparation via FIB and SEM imaging. The highest SiC/SiO2-selectivity achieved was 7.9, with SiF4 gas flow being the most decisive parameter for it. With that, the selectivity of the standard SiC trench etch process was increased by nearly five times. SiC trenches with depths of 5 µm could be demonstrated. However, then the structural fidelity was deteriorated, with micro-trenching and sidewall bowing being the largest limitations regarding applicable trench depth in SiC power devices.