bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
РОЛЬ ОРГАНІВ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ У ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Шестернін Артем , Роговенко Олег
Published: April 2024

Стаття присвячена висвітленню ролі органів місцевого самоврядування у забезпеченні національної безпеки України. Актуальність дослідження обумовлено повномасштабним вторгненням в Україну, що, у свою чергу, вимагає пошуку ефективних механізмів забезпечення національної безпеки держави, адже остання – важлива умова ефективного функціонування будь-якої країни, а її забезпечення – одне з провідних завдань, яке покладається на представників публічного сектора та громадськість. Мета статті полягає у визначенні місця та ролі органів місцевого самоврядування у забезпеченні національної безпеки України через аналіз їх повноважень у зазначеній сфері. Проаналізовано законодавче та доктринальне визначення національної безпеки. Зауважено, що національну безпеку та процес її забезпечення за системного підходу доцільно розглядати як комплексну систему, котра включає мету, завдання, принципи та функції; державних і недержавних суб’єктів, їх повноваження та компетенцію, а також взаємодію з іншими суб’єктами щодо забезпечення національної безпеки; об’єкт, на забезпечення безпеки якого й спрямовується названа система; зміст діяльності вказаних суб’єктів. Проаналізовано повноваження органів місцевого самоврядування щодо забезпечення національної безпеки, спираючись на норми таких законів, як «Про місцеве самоврядування в Україні», «Про військовий обов’язок і військову службу», «Про мобілізаційну підготовку та мобілізацію», «Про основи національного спротиву», «Про оборону України» та «Про боротьбу з тероризмом». Зроблено висновок, що на сучасному етапі органам місцевого самоврядування відведена вагома роль щодо забезпечення національної безпеки України. На такий суб’єкт законодавцем покладено широке коло повноважень у цій сфері, успішна реалізація котрих має вагоме значення для колективного захисту національних інтересів держави. В умовах повномасштабного вторгнення особливе місце серед таких заходів відведено питанням оборонного характеру, забезпечення законності, правопорядку, охорони прав, свобод і законних інтересів громадян та різних форм протидії тероризму.
НАПРЯМИ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ЦИФРОВИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ В ДІДЖИТАЛ АУДИТІ
Authors: Пермінова Дарія
Published: April 2024

Дослідження ролі та перспектив використання цифрових технологій у сфері діджитал аудиту залишається актуальним протягом останніх років. Зокрема, у статті розглядаються ключові технологічні розробки для зміни підходів до процесів аудиту, визначаються напрями застосування цифрових інструментів та потенційні переваги для аудиторських компаній. Базуючись на аналізі актуальних наукових джерел та практичному досвіді провідних консалтингових компаній, автор наводить детальний огляд кожної технологічної розробки та можливих прикладів для їхнього застосування під час проведення аудиторських процедур. Висновки статті можуть бути корисними для експертів-аудиторів, які цікавляться зацікавлені в покращенні якості аудиторських послуг, що надають.
РОЗВИТОК ФІЗИЧНИХ ЗДІБНОСТЕЙ УЧНІВ ПОЧАТКОВИХ КЛАСІВ ПІД ВПЛИВОМ ЗАНЯТЬ З ПОВІТРЯНОЇ АКРОБАТИКИ ТА ПІЛОННОГО СПОРТУ
Authors: Драч Тамара
Published: April 2024

Силові здібності, гнучкість та витривалість є важливими компонентами у підготовці виконавців з повітряної акробатики та пілонного спорту. Для розвитку цих якостей, а також удосконалення програми підготовки учнів молодшого шкільного віку засобами повітряної акробатики та пілонного спорту, було вирішено запровадити комплексну програму підготовки, котра включала в себе елементи хореографії, акробатики та технічної підготовки на знарядді. Метою дослідження є експериментальна перевірка комплексної програми фізичної та технічної підготовки на розвиток силової витривалості засобами повітряної акробатики та пілонного спорту. Методами дослідження були аналіз та узагальнення літературних джерел, педагогічний експеримент, методи математичної статистики. Внаслідок запровадження комплексної програми фізичної та технічної підготовки засобами повітряної акробатики та пілонного спорту встановлено статистично істотні зміни у розвитку силової витривалості дівчат експериментальної групи (ЕГ) порівняно з контрольної групи (КГ) під час виконання фізичної вправ.
ВІКТИМІЗАЦІЯ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ДІТЕЙ В УМОВАХ РОСІЙСЬКО-УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ВІЙНИ: ШЛЯХИ ПОПЕРЕДЖЕННЯ ТА ПРОФІЛАКТИКИ
Authors: Пустовий Олександр , Черних Тетяна
Published: April 2024

У статті наведені результати огляду основних понять та категорій кримінологічної науки в контексті трагічних подій пов’язаних із широкомасштабним вторгненням рф в Україну у лютому 2022 року, а саме: жертва злочину, класифікація та типологія жертв, процес віктимізації окремих категорій жертв, детермінація формування віктимності та віктимної поведінки, зокрема які стосуються неповнолітніх. Зроблені висновки про необхідність ретельного вивчення та розширення знань про жертв воєнних злочинів, а саме дітей та процесів, які відбуваються з їхньою психікою та світосприйняттям під впливом формуючих факторів війни. Також, авторами позначині першочергові шляхи попередження руйнівних наслідків для українських дітей, які постраждали від російсько-української війни. Серед таких кроків зазначено: визначення на законодавчому рівні дефініції «психологічне насильство» в контексті воєнних дій, розроблення та затвердження багаторічної державної програми направленої на збереження та відновлення фізичного та ментального здоров’я українських дітей, вироблення загальної державної політики щодо захисту прав дітей, які постраждали внаслідок російсько-української війни за прикладом провідних країн світу, таких як Ізраїль та Південна Корея.
МЕХАНІЗМ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПРОФОРІЄНТАЦІЄЮ ТРУДОВИХ РЕСУРСІВ
Authors: Саричев Володимир , Погорілий Олександр
Published: April 2024

Ефективність будь-якої організації визначається ступенем розвитку її персоналу. В умовах сучасної швидкої зміни актуальності теоретичних знань, умінь та практичних навичок здатність підприємства постійно підвищувати професійний рівень персоналу є одним із найважливіших чинників забезпечення його конкурентоспроможності на ринку, оновлення та підвищення обсягів виробництва товарів чи надання послуг. У статті розглядається сутність управління трудових ресурсів н підприємстві. Визначено основні підходи до управління розвитком персоналу, які змінюються в залежності від рівня атрибутивної структури Розглянуто сутність компенсаційного пакету для персоналу та його вплив на ефективність праці. Визначено головні елементи та їх значущість на результат цілісного професійного розвитку. Визначено необхідність проведення систематичного моніторингу для визначення осіб, які будуть залучені до навчання. Проаналізовано систему профорієнтації персоналу та визначено основні недоліки її функціонування на підприємстві. Запропоновано основні шляхи безперервного професійного розвитку трудових ресурсів. Наведені основні положення на які має спрямовувати свої зусилля управління розвитком кадрів для вирішення проблеми розвитку трудових ресурсів.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ОБІГУ ВІРТУАЛЬНИХ АКТИВІВ В УКРАЇНІ ТА СВІТІ
Authors: Рибікова Ганна , Ковригіна Олена
Published: April 2024

У статті розглянуто теоретичні підходи до визначення віртуальних активів та охарактеризовано їх види. Метою статті є дослідження особливостей правового регулювання віртуальних активів в Україні та світі. Методи дослідження: термінологічний аналіз, класифікація порівняння, узагальнення, систематизація теоретичних та емпіричних даних. Встановлено що, віртуальний актив - це об'єкт, який має вартість та може бути обмінюваним у цифровому форматі для платежів або інвестиційних цілей. Досліджено історію правового регулювання віртуальних активів в Україні. Проведено порівняльний аналіз підходів різних держав до правового регулювання віртуальних активів, створено їх класифікацію. Визначено, що в цілому розвинуті країни налагоджують правове регулювання віртуальних активів. Визначено основні перспективи та проблеми, які виникають у процесі обігу віртуальних активів в Україні та на міжнародному рівні.
Effectiveness of toxic baiting for the control of canines and felines
Authors: Foo Yong , Noble Daniel , Taggart Patrick
Published: April 2024

Toxic baiting is used for the lethal control of mammalian predators. It is easily applied over large areas and can be highly effective, but also receives significant criticism. We conducted a meta-analysis of the efficacy of lethal baiting for the feral cat, red fox and dingo; our outcome of interest was predator survival. Our dataset contained 125 effects from 35 studies, comprising 1560 individuals tested. Overall, baiting increased the probability of predator death by 36% relative to control plots. However, this effect was stronger (46% increased probability of death) when baits were distributed along tracks relative to across areas (probability of death comparable for baited and unbaited areas). We found no evidence that baiting was more effective at reducing canine relative to feline populations. We additionally found no evidence that Eradicat® achieved greater cat death than other baits. Higher bait densities achieved greater predator knockdown when baits were distributed along tracks, but not when baits were distributed across areas. We found no evidence that repeat bait applications over short periods of time achieve greater population reduction than single bait applications; this was consistent across both design types. Similarly, we found no evidence for an effect of bait matrix (fresh meat, dry processed bait, mixture) for either design type. Our study shows that many accepted baiting practices and perceptions have little empirical support, and are premature given the available sparse evidence. Further, rigorous research is of high priority in this field.
Human Resource Green Practices Towards Sustainability: The Case of Foxconn Company in China
Authors: Liu Chen
Published: April 2024

This paper mainly studies whether Foxconn's green human resource management can bring benefits to Foxconn and puts forward suggestions on the problems existing in the implementation of green human resource management in Foxconn. The data for this chapter comes from Foxconn employees in Yantai, Shandong Province. Foxconn's HR green practices include green recruitment, green training, green performance, green compensation and green participation. After analysis, it is concluded that the education level of Foxconn employees is generally low, which is not conducive to the implementation of green human resources practices. Foxconn did not give full play to the leading role of supervisors in green participation practices. This study believes that enterprises should play the role of supervisors when implementing human resource green practices, and supervisors should give support and guidance when employees participate in environmental protection activities. Foxconn should focus on improving the education level of its employees. The research results of this paper are helpful for enterprises to achieve the goal of green development, help enterprises to further understand the green practice strategy of human resources, make the development of enterprises meet the requirements of green environmental protection, and improve the competitive advantage of enterprises.
High-end Customers Loyalty among Selected Public and Private Banks in Yantai City, Shandong Province, China: A Service Marketing Guide for Financial Institutions
Authors: WANG YUXUE
Published: April 2024

The ultimate goal of studying high-end customer loyalty is to identify their shortcomings in customer maintenance and provide appropriate service marketing guidelines for public and private banks. This study selected the high-end customer groups of Agricultural Bank of China and Hengfeng Bank as specific research objects and collected a total of 380 data for mean, standard deviation, and correlation analysis. Through statistical analysis of data, it was found that high-end customers have varying degrees of perception towards service quality, perceived value, and customer satisfaction. There is a positive correlation between potential factors of customer loyalty and various dimensions to varying degrees. In order to improve the correlation between variables, this study provides relevant suggestions for public and private banks from three aspects: service quality, perceived value, and customer satisfaction, guiding them to maintain and improve the loyalty of high-end customers to financial institutions.
School of Therapy Mastery
Authors: Napalkov D.A. , Sokolova A.A. , Skripka A.I. , Kudryavtseva A.A.
Published: April 2024

: Tutorial Guide / D. A. Napalkov, A. A. Sokolova, A. I. , A. A. Д. А. Напалков, А. А. Соколова, А. И. Скрипка, А. А. Кудрявцева
Constraints and recommendation for countrywide extension of artificial insemination in buffalo, goat and sheep
Authors: Paul Ashit Kumar , Biswas Dibyendu , Rahman Md. Khalilur , Talukder Milton , Paul Torun Kumar , Amin Rohul , Ali Md. Earfan , Alam Md. Nurul
Published: April 2024

Background: The workshop aimed to identify the constraints and way forward to extend the artificial insemination in buffalo, sheep and goat countrywide.
Methods: A day long workshop was organized jointly by the Coastal Vet Society Bangladesh (CVS-BD) and Grameen Jano Unnayan Sangstha (GJUS) at Bangladesh Development Society conference hall in Barishal district of Bangladesh. A total of 100 stakeholders in different aspect were joined in this workshop.
Results: On the workshop, the constraints were lack of buffalo, sheep and goat breeding policy, recording systems, knowledge about the high-yielding breed, scarcity of quality feed, fodder and pasture land, lack of technical skills in reproduction and production personal, no or limited facilities to breed improvement technologies, lack of breeding infrastructure, non-availability of proven sire, no coordination among farmers, researchers, public and private organization, universities as well as other beneficiaries. The recommendations to overcome those constraints were to build up and strengthening the breeding policies and infrastructure, continuous up-gradation of native breed by high yielding breeds or varieties, adopted with assisted reproductive technologies, frequently advertise the beneficial aspects of buffalo milk and meat, development of manpower by technical training, national and international collaboration should be strengthened, private investment should be encouraged and alternative feed supply is needed to warrant.
Conclusion: It is concluded that an initiative through public and private partnership or collaboration is needed to extent the artificial insemination program in buffalo, sheep and goat countrywide.
Molecular responses in decitabine- and decitabine/venetoclax-treated patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Gruszczynska Agata , Maiti Abhishek , Miller Christopher A. , Ramakrishnan Sai Mukund , Link Daniel C. , Uy Geoffrey L. , Petti Allegra A. , Hayes Kala , DiNardo Courtney D. , Ravandi Farhad , Ley Timothy J. , Spencer David H. , Gao Feng , Konopleva Marina Y. , Welch John S.
Published: April 2024

Not available.
Oral iron supplementation: new formulations, old questions
Authors: Pantopoulos Kostas
Published: April 2024

Iron deficiency anemia and pre-anemic iron deficiency are the most frequent pathologies. The first line of treatment involves oral iron supplementation. The simplest, least expensive, and most frequently prescribed drug is ferrous sulfate, while other ferrous salts and ferric complexes with polysaccharides or succinylated milk proteins are also widely used. In recent years, novel iron formulations have been developed, such as the lipophilic iron donor ferric maltol, or nanoparticle encapsulated sucrosomial® iron. Oral iron supplementation is usually efficacious in correcting iron deficiency anemia and replenishing iron stores but causes gastrointestinal side effects that reduce compliance. When oral iron supplementation is contraindicated, intravenous iron therapy can rapidly achieve therapeutic targets without gastrointestinal complications. Herein, we critically review literature on relative efficacy and tolerability of currently available oral iron supplements, and summarize recent data on optimal dosage and frequency.
persistencia del aroma de los vínculos
Authors: Toibero Desiree
Published: April 2024

A través de la escritura buscamos reconstruir los significados y sentidos construidos en la experiencia de sostener la escuela durante lo vivido en la pandemia por COVID-19. Una especie de intersticio profundo respecto de lo instituido. Tiempo en el que fuimos obligados a pensar nuevas formas de hacer escuela, a desarmar los paisajes inmóviles, a discutir ciertos mundos ya dados para posibilitar la aparición de otros territorios.
Desde ese modo de mirar buscamos dar un lugar a los afectos, a los vínculos e involucrarnos en las intensidades de nuestra época, leer los signos y significados de la experiencia transitada para componer la cartografía a modo de huellas de las inconformidades que guiaron el devenir del 2020 en el nivel secundario de una institución tradicional de la ciudad de Córdoba.
El enfoque se centra particularmente en el modo colectivo y singular de representar la tarea desde la perspectiva de los docentes; recogiendo algunos de los múltiples modos de habitar la experiencia, asumiendo las fracturas, los imprevistos, los conflictos, las contradicciones y rupturas.
El recorrido es una invitación a no perder de vista la persistencia de lo incierto e inacabado del mundo circundante, en la convicción de que este reconocimiento abre la posibilidad de recuperar la potencia de los sentidos para afrontar los desafíos en las instituciones educativas del presente y seguir haciendo escuela.
Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com anosmia após contaminação pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2 em uma cidade no oeste do Paraná
Authors: Chini Gabriel de Lima , Santos Bruno Gandhi Santos dos , Castro Clarissa Macedo Cavalcante , Griep Rubens , Hubie Ana Paula Sakr
Published: April 2024

A covid-19 surgiu na China em 2019 e foi declarada uma pandemia pela OMS em 2020. Entre os principais sintomas dessa doença, encontra-se a febre, a tosse e a dispneia. Inicialmente, a anosmia e a hiposmia não foram atribuídos como sintomas característicos da infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2, mas, posteriormente, foi comprovada a correlação desse sintoma com a doença. O estudo em questão tem como objetivo definir o perfil epidemiológico de pacientes acima de 18 anos que tiveram perda de olfato após serem acometidos pela covid-19 na cidade de Cascavel, Paraná, entre os anos de 2020 e 2022. Foram analisados o sexo, a faixa etária, a evolução do quadro da doença, as comorbidades existentes e os sintomas associados à anosmia/hiposmia. Para a pesquisa, foram selecionados 64.371 casos por meio do banco de dados do DataSus/TabNet e Notifica Covid, com a coleta dos dados realizada no segundo semestre de 2023. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados em planilha do Microsoft Excel. Concluiu-se que a perda de olfato foi mais persistente em mulheres, na faixa etária entre 25 e 59 anos e que esse sintoma foi mais incidente em casos relatados em 2020 e 2021, com uma redução em 2022.
Relação da depressão pós parto com o aleitamento materno exclusivo: Uma análise atualizada dos aspectos clínicos e fisiopatológicos
Authors: Almeida Lais de , Alves Maria Clara Borges , Reis Julia dos
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e fisiopatológicos da associação entre a DPP e o aleitamento materno. Materiais e Métodos: O estudo será uma revisão sistemática da literatura, que utilizará as principais bases de dados: Scielo, Lilacs, Pubmed e MedLine. Serão utilizados artigos dos últimos dez anos (2013-2023) e serão utilizados os descritores Depressão Pós-Parto, Aleitamento Materno Predominante, Aleitamento Materno, Período Pós-Parto e Transtorno Depressivo. Tal revisão será organizada e listada no software Microsoft Word®, com posterior organização dos resultados.  Resultados e Discussão: Estas pesquisas revelaram que mulheres que possuíam depressão pós parto, apresentaram impacto negativo no que diz respeito ao aleitamento materno e elucidaram que a falta de condições psicológicas no puerpério provocam sentimentos de estresse, medo e tristeza.Conclusão: A associação entre a depressão pós parto e o não adesão ao aleitamento materno já é bem estabelecida na literatura, sendo a queda abrupta dos hormônios gravídicos mais a suscetibilidade biológica fatores suscetíveis para o  desequilíbrio no eixo HPA. Para abordar essa temática, são necessárias estratégias e políticas públicas para promover a prevenção e detecção precoce deste transtorno.
Epidemiologia, fisiopatologia e manejo da pancreatite aguda: Uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Lounine Júlia Paiva , Melo Maria Júlia Cardoso de , Campos Thiago Barroso Ferreira Lima Brito , Silva Larissa Ferreira Carvalho , Sanches Pedro Luccas Leal Contini , Haddad Laura Rodrigues , Valle Hugo Nacif da Costa , Nascimento Laura Rodrigues Fonseca , Tavares José Pedro Gomes de Faria , Aguiar Júlia Alvim
Published: April 2024

Introdução: A pancreatite aguda tem incidência crescente entre todas as faixas etárias. Sua apresentação típica é marcada por dores abdominais, vômitos e náuseas e, dentre suas causas, o abuso de álcool e a colelitíase são as de maior destaque. Embora 80% dos casos sejam manifestações leves, a pancreatite aguda ainda tem mortalidade e morbidade significativas, por isso, este trabalho objetiva elucidar seus aspectos e compreender o melhor manejo da condição. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa acerca da pancreatite aguda. Utilizou-se dados das bases Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), Scientific Eletronic Library of Medicine (SciELO) e National Library of Medicine (PubMed), a partir do cruzamento dos descritores “pancreatite aguda”, “pancreatite aguda necrosante”, “cálculos biliares” e “abuso de álcool” para responder à questão formulada através da estratégia PICO. Resultados e Discussão: A pancreatite aguda atinge cerca de 34 a cada 100.000 pessoas por ano e os fatores de risco incluem abuso de álcool, colelitíase, sexo feminino, tabagismo, hipertrigliceridemia, entre outros. O diagnóstico depende de 3 critérios, sendo que 2 já são suficientes para tal e o manejo clínico depende da gravidade da apresentação, sendo de destaque a fluidoterapia, a colecistectomia e a CPRE. O uso de antibióticos como profilaxia e a drenagem ainda são alvos de debate para a terapêutica da doença. Conclusão: Ainda há certo desconhecimento acerca a da pancreatite aguda e alguns conflitos sobre seu tratamento e, por isso, mais estudos são necessários para elucidar os manejos clínicos adequados, a fisiopatologia da doença e como eliminar fatores de risco.
Ischemia-free liver transplantation improves the prognosis of recipients using functionally marginal liver grafts
Authors: Wang Shuai , Lin Xiaohong , Tang Yunhua , Liang Yichen , Zhang Min , Xie Zhonghao , Guo Yiwen , Dong Yuqi , Zhao Qiang , Guo Zhiyong , Wang Dongping , He Xiaoshun , Ju Weiqiang , Chen Maogen
Published: April 2024

Background/Aims: The shortage of donor liver hinders the development of liver transplantation. This study aimed to clarify the poor outcomes of functionally marginal liver grafts (FMLs) and provide evidence for the improvement of ischemia-free liver transplantation (IFLT) after FML transplantation.Methods: Propensity score matching was used to control for confounding factors. The outcomes of the control group and FML group were compared to demonstrate the negative impact of FMLs on liver transplantation patients. We compared the clinical improvements of the different surgical types. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we conducted bioinformatic analysis based on transcriptome and single-cell profiles.Results: FMLs had a significantly greater hazard ratio (HR: 1.969, P=0.018) than did other marginal livers. A worse 90-day survival (Mortality: 12.3% vs. 5.0%, P=0.007) was observed in patients who underwent FML transplantation. Patients who received FMLs had a significant improvement in overall survival after IFLT (Mortality: 10.4% vs 31.3%, P=0.006). Pyroptosis and inflammation were inhibited in patients who underwent IFLT. The infiltration of natural killer cells was lower in liver grafts from these patients. Bulk transcriptome profiles revealed a positive relationship between IL-32 and Caspase 1 (R=0.73, P=0.01) and between IL-32 and Gasdermin D (R=0.84, P=0.0012).Conclusions: FML is a more important negative prognostic parameter than other marginal liver parameters. IFLT might ameliorate liver injury in FMLs by inhibiting the infiltration of NK cells, consequently leading to the abortion of IL-32, which drives pyroptosis in monocytes and macrophages.
Revisiting the Flood Pulse Concept
Authors:   , Keizer Floris Maria
Published: April 2024

River floodplain wetlands are highly diverse and productive ecosystems. Water dynamics are the major factor for their ecosystem services and nutrient flows, vegetation productivity and biodiversity. The Flood Pulse Concept describes the coupling of river dynamics and adjacent floodplain processes, defining the moving edge of inundation as the indicator of the zone of high productivity. Where multiple water flows play a role in flooding, such as in the Biebrza Lower Basin in Poland, this coupling is probably less evident than proposed by the concept. Linking floodplain floodwater quality to water sources showed that the extent of floodwater from the river is limited to a relatively narrow zone along the river. Also, the deposition of sediment-bound nutrients N and P sharply decreased with distance from the river, indicating the limited sideways influence of the river for sediment input to the floodplain. Furthermore, sediment-bound nutrient deposition of upstream farmland was only high near the river and sharply decreased with distance. Flooding with dissolved nutrients seemed to result in high algae growth and deposition. The main conclusion related to the relevance of the Flood Pulse Concept is that the moving edge of inundation is not a good indicator of the zone of high productivity. Therefore, for temperate floodplains with multiple water flow processes, we proposed three additions: 1) delineation of the edge of river floodwater; 2) delineation of the zone of particulate sediment-bound nutrient deposition; and 3) identifying the zone where upstream nutrients are imported as either sediment-bound. The ecosystem service nutrient retention is mostly limited to a narrow zone along the river. For the service of biodiversity, this PhD thesis showed the importance of upwelling groundwater in the central part of the Biebrza Lower Basin.
ECR 2024 Abstract Highlights
Authors: EMJ
Published: April 2024

The following highlights spotlight selected abstracts presented at the European Congress of Radiology (ECR) 2024. Covering a range of topics, from deep learning applications in neurological disorders to using a single cranial CT slice for identifying deceased individuals, these highlights present the latest cutting-edge developments in radiology.
Psychical Inertia: Origins and Transformations
Authors: Macdonald Molly
Published: April 2024

In this article I map a set of points that could begin to tell the story of inertia’s trajectory from physics and physiology to figurations of psychic life in Freudian psychoanalytic theory. Both preceding and contemporaneous with Freud’s use of the concept of inertia to describe an element of psychic life, work was taking place in other intellectual and geographical contexts to translate this law of physics and physiology to a property of mental life. As a particular illustration of this, I examine a lecture given by British scientist Michael Faraday in 1818, wherein he makes the leap from the inertia of matter to ‘mental inertia’ and is arguably the first recorded thinker to do so in the English language. I then explore the use of the phrase ‘psychic inertia’ in 1900 by Scottish physiologist D.F. Harris and argue that Harris’s work is not only emerging at the same time as Freud’s discoveries, but that he prefigures Freud’s ideas about the relationship between inertia and the death drive in interesting ways. The final part of the paper returns to sketch out Freud’s engagement with the concept in several of his papers.
Mach number influence on low-pressure turbine flutter
Authors: Escudero Alvaro , Corral Roque , Blando Yago
Published: April 2024

The effect of the Mach number on the vibration amplitude trends of an isolated low-pressure turbine rotor is described. The study utilizes an analytical model correlating the aerodynamic work and the dry-friction work. Aerodynamic damping has been obtained using a frequency domain linearized Navier-Stokes solver, whereas friction damping has been modeled using a heuristic micro-slip model calibrated with the experimental data. In order to validate the analytical predictions, an extensive experimental campaign was conducted. Unsteady pressure transducers flushed mounted in the outer casing, one chord downstream of the trailing edge of the rotor, were used to characterize the vibration of the rotor. The analysis reveals a significant influence of the Mach number on the work balance between aerodynamic and mechanical components. It is observed that the vibration amplitude and the flutter-induced unsteady pressure perturbations of low-pressure turbine rotor blades notably increases when the exit Mach number does.
Psychological Approach in Islamic Study
Authors: M. Iqbal Azmi Al-Latif
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to explain how psychology may be used to the study of Islam. Documentary studies found in scholarly journals and books form the basis of our qualitative research methodology. The findings of this research 1) The psychological symptoms associated with religion, such as piety, good deeds, and honesty, as described by religious teachings, such as the nature of faith and devotion to Allah. As a tool for spiritual development according to one's age, this psychology might reveal how deeply one has internalized and acted upon one's religious beliefs. Knowing the impact of prayer, fasting, zakat, hajj, and other acts of worship on a Muslim's life is an important part of studying Islam, and the psychological approach in Islamic Studies is helpful for this purpose.
Bermain atau Sepenuhnya Meninggalkan Musik: Dua Narasi Artis Hijrah pada Hukum Bermain Musik
Authors: As'ad Muhammad , Lazib Ihyaul , Ramdhani Iryan
Published: April 2024

This article explores two narratives of hijra celebrities regarding whether they completely abandon playing music or continue to play it under certain conditions after experiencing a spiritual transformation (hijra). The data of this article was collected through online sources such as news articles, social media posts, and videos that were relevant to the research question. The two celebrities, Mohammad Kautsar Hikmat (UKI) and Derry Sulaiman, were both previously involved in the Indonesian music industry and have now adopted differing attitudes towards music after their spiritual transformation. Uki chose to leave the music industry as he interpreted his spiritual transformation, or hijrah, as requiring him to withdraw from elements that he believed could hinder his spiritual growth such as music. He interacted with the Salafi community who promote a literal interpretation of Islam and believe music is a hindrance to spiritual growth. Derry, on the other hand, chose to continue his involvement in the music industry as he believed that music could be a tool for spreading positive messages and preaching the word of Islam without interfering with his religious duties. He interacted with a more diverse Muslim community inlcuding Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah that demonstrated how Islam can be practiced in various ways and adapt to cultural contexts. The article uses Bernard Weiner's interpersonal and intrapersonal theory to explain how the two celebrities interpreted the role of music in their religious lives. The findings show the importance of understanding both interpersonal and intrapersonal factors when exploring how celebrities interpret and apply religious principles to their lives. This article provides important insights into the complexities of the relationship between music and Islam, and how spiritual transformation can affect an individual’s view on music.
Non-invasive in vivo study of morphology and mechanical properties of the median nerve
Authors: Xu Ruixia , Ren Lei , Zhang Xiao , Qian Zhihui , Wu Jianan , Liu Jing , Li Ying , Ren Luquan
Published: April 2024

The current literature studied the median nerve (MN) at specific locations during joint motions. As only a few particular parts of the nerve are depicted, the relevant information available is limited. This experiment investigated the morphological and biomechanical properties of the MN. The effects of the shoulder and wrist motions on MN were explored as well. Eight young healthy female individuals were tested with two-dimensional ultrasound and shear wave elastography (SWE). The morphological and biomechanical properties were examined in limb position 1, with the wrist at the neutral position, the elbow extended at 180°, and the shoulder abducted at 60°. In addition, the experiment assessed the differences among the wrist, forearm, elbow, and upper arm with Friedman’s test and Bonferroni post hoc analysis. Two groups of limb positions were designed to explore the effects of shoulder movements (shoulder abducted at 90° and 120°) and wrist movements (wrist extended at 45° and flexed at 45°) on the thickness and Young’s modulus. Differences among the distributions of five limb positions were tested as well. The ICC3, 1 values for thickness and Young’s modulus were 0.976 and 0.996, respectively. There were differences among the MN thicknesses of four arm locations in limb position 1, while Young’s modulus was higher at the elbow and wrist than at the forearm and upper arm. Compared to limb position 1, only limb position 4 had an effect on MN thickness at the wrist. Both shoulder and wrist motions affected MN Young’s modulus, and the stiffness variations at typical locations all showed a downward trend proximally in all. The distributions of MN thickness and Young’s modulus showed fold line patterns but differed at the wrist and the pronator teres. The MN in the wrist is more susceptible to limb positions, and Young’s modulus is sensitive to nerve changes and is more promising for the early diagnosis of neuropathy.
Rapid eradication of vancomycin and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by MDP1 antimicrobial peptide coated on photocrosslinkable chitosan hydrogel: in vitro antibacterial and in silico molecular docking studies
Authors: Ekhtiari-Sadegh Sarvenaz , Samani Saeed , Barneh Farnoosh , Dashtbin Shirin , Shokrgozar Mohammad Ali , Pooshang Bagheri Kamran
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Antibiotic resistance and weak bioavailability of antibiotics in the skin due to systemic administration leads to failure in eradication of vancomycin- and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA and MRSA)-associated wound infections and subsequent septicemia and even death. Accordingly, this study aimed at designing a photocrosslinkable methacrylated chitosan (MECs) hydrogel coated by melittin-derived peptide 1 (MDP1) that integrated the antibacterial activity with the promising skin regenerative capacity of the hydrogel to eradicate bacteria by burst release strategy.

Methods

The MECs was coated with MDP1 (MECs-MDP1), characterized, and the hydrogel-peptide interaction was evaluated by molecular docking. Antibacterial activities of MECs-MDP1 were evaluated against VRSA and MRSA bacteria and compared to MECs-vancomycin (MECs-vanco). Antibiofilm activity of MECs-MDP1 was studied by our novel ‘in situ biofilm inhibition zone (IBIZ)’ assay, and SEM. Biocompatibility with human dermal fibroblast cells (HDFs) was also evaluated.

Results and Discussion

Molecular docking showed hydrogen bonds as the most interactions between MDP1 and MECs at a reasonable affinity. MECs-MDP1 eradicated the bacteria rapidly by burst release strategy whereas MECs-vanco failed to eradicate them at the same time intervals. Antibiofilm activity of MECs-MDP1 were also proved successfully. As a novel report, molecular docking analysis has demonstrated that MDP1 covers the structure of MECs and also binds to lysozyme with a reasonable affinity, which may explain the inhibition of lysozyme. MECs-MDP1 was also biocompatible with human dermal fibroblast skin cells, which indicates its safe future application. The antibacterial properties of a photocrosslinkable methacrylated chitosan-based hydrogel coated with MDP1 antimicrobial peptide were successfully proved against the most challenging antibiotic-resistant bacteria causing nosocomial wound infections; VRSA and MRSA. Molecular docking analysis revealed that MDP1 interacts with MECs mainly through hydrogen bonds with reasonable binding affinity. MECs-MDP1 hydrogels eradicated the planktonic state of bacteria by burst release of MDP1 in just a few hours whereas MECs-vanco failed to eradicate them. inhibition zone assay showed the anti-biofilm activity of the MECs-MDP1 hydrogel too. These findings emphasize that MECs-MDP1 hydrogel would be suggested as a biocompatible wound-dressing candidate with considerable and rapid antibacterial activities to prevent/eradicate VRSA/MRSA bacterial wound infections.
Private law framework for blockchain
Authors: Kiskis Mindaugas
Published: April 2024

Current attempts to regulate blockchain technology are mainly based on securities law framework, which considers crypto tokens and digital assets as either securities, currencies or derivatives thereof. The main limitation of such approach lies in its inability to accommodate the diverse legal rights, obligations and assets that blockchain technology can virtually reproduce. Already in 2017–2018 there were attempts to tokenize rights outside of securities law framework, these initiatives served more as makeshift solutions to circumvent securities regulations than as thorough frameworks for managing real-world assets and commercial activities. This article conducts a comparative and historical analysis of blockchain regulatory initiatives in Europe and the US, positing that the regulation of blockchain technology through a securities law lens is driven by reactionary opportunism. Such a basis is deemed inappropriate and insufficient, as securities laws being a field of public law were not designed to govern real-world assets and commerce, which fundamentally rely on the principles of laissez-faire and freedom of contract inherent in private law. A regulatory stance focused solely on public law overlooks the full potential of blockchain technology, and risks stifling innovation and practical applications. To illustrate this, the article presents case study of tokenization of contractual rights demonstrating that securities law-focused legal regulations, such as the EU Regulation 2023/1114 on Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) and Regulation 2022/858 on Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), inadequately address the field of private commerce. Based on the analysis, the article concludes that comprehensive legal framework for blockchain technology shall combine public and private law regime akin to the regulation of traditional rights, obligations and assets.
Biological activity of the essential oil of Drimys winteri
Authors: Navarro Myriam , Urrejola Felipe , Espinoza Misael , Silva Simón , González Sebastián , Utreras Diego , Fernandez Katia , Bravo Jessica
Published: April 2024

In the Chilean indigenous culture, the tree Drimys winteri (Winteraceae) Canelo is of great importance and is considered the sacred Mapuche tree. It has antibacterial and disinfectant properties and is used in the treatment of various diseases, such as fevers, ulcers, cancers, and respiratory tract problems. The essential oil obtained from D. winteri, DW_EO, is bioactive, possesses insecticidal and repellent properties against pests, and shows activity toward plant growth regulators. It also has a phytotoxic effect against the growth and germination of weeds. The essential oil obtained from the leaves and bark of Drimys winteri has demonstrated antifungal, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties in in vitro and in vivo studies. It also possesses antioxidant activity and antibacterial effects. The essential oil contains monoterpenes such as zafrol, pinenes, and linalool, among others, that contribute to its bioactivity. The DW_EO and bioactive compounds have great potential in various applications in medicine, industrial food, sanitizer, and other areas.
Evaluating the therapeutic potential of moxibustion on polycystic ovary syndrome: a rat model study on gut microbiota and metabolite interaction
Authors: Lin Yong , Zeng Huiling , Lin Jieying , Peng Yiwei , Que Xueyun , Wang Lijun , Chen Ling , Bai Ni
Published: April 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common systemic disorder related to endocrine disorders, affecting the fertility of women of childbearing age. It is associated with glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, altered gut microbiota, and insulin resistance. Modern treatments like pioglitazone, metformin, and spironolactone target specific symptoms of PCOS, while in Chinese medicine, moxibustion is a common treatment. This study explores moxibustion’s impact on PCOS by establishing a dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS rat model. Thirty-six specific pathogen-free female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: a normal control group (CTRL), a PCOS model group (PCOS), a moxibustion treatment group (MBT), and a metformin treatment group (MET). The MBT rats received moxibustion, and the MET rats underwent metformin gavage for two weeks. We evaluated ovarian tissue changes, serum testosterone, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and fasting insulin levels. Additionally, we calculated the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). We used 16S rDNA sequencing for assessing the gut microbiota, 1H NMR spectroscopy for evaluating metabolic changes, and Spearman correlation analysis for investigating the associations between metabolites and gut microbiota composition. The results indicate that moxibustion therapy significantly ameliorated ovarian dysfunction and insulin resistance in DHEA-induced PCOS rats. We observed marked differences in the composition of gut microbiota and the spectrum of fecal metabolic products between CTRL and PCOS rats. Intriguingly, following moxibustion intervention, these differences were largely diminished, demonstrating the regulatory effect of moxibustion on gut microbiota. Specifically, moxibustion altered the gut microbiota by increasing the abundance of UCG-005 and Turicibacter, as well as decreasing the abundance of Desulfovibrio. Concurrently, we also noted that moxibustion promoted an increase in levels of short-chain fatty acids (including acetate, propionate, and butyrate) associated with the gut microbiota of PCOS rats, further emphasizing its positive impact on gut microbes. Additionally, moxibustion also exhibited effects in lowering FBG, testosterone, and fasting insulin levels, which are key biochemical indicators associated with PCOS and insulin resistance. Therefore, these findings suggest that moxibustion could alleviate DHEA-induced PCOS by regulating metabolic levels, restoring balance in gut microbiota, and modulating interactions between gut microbiota and host metabolites.
Delay model for the dynamics of information units in the digital environment
Authors: Pinto Sebastián , Pardo Pintos Alejandro , Balenzuela Pablo , Trevisan Marcos A.
Published: April 2024

The digital revolution has transformed the exchange of information between people, blurring the traditional roles of sources and recipients as active and passive entities. To study this, we build on a publicly available database of quotes, organized as units of information flowing through media and blogs with minimal distortion. Building on this, we offer an innovative interpretation of the observed temporal patterns through a minimal model with two ingredients: a two-way feedback between sources and recipients, and a delay in the media’s response to activity on blogs. Our model successfully fits the variety of observed patterns, revealing different attention decays in media and blogs, with rebounds of information typically occurring between 1 and 4 days after the initial dissemination. More important perhaps, the model uncovers a functional relationship between the rate of information flow from media to blogs and the decay of public attention, suggesting a simplification in the mechanisms of information exchange in digital media. Although further research is required to generalize these findings fully, our results demonstrate that even a bare-bones model can capture essential mechanisms of information dynamics in the digital environment.
A perspective on digital health platform design and its implementation at national level
Authors: Mantri Manisha , Sunder Gaur , Kadam Sanjay , Abhyankar Aditya
Published: April 2024

Accessible and affordable health services and products including medicines, vaccines, and public health are an important health agenda of all countries. It is well understood that without digital health technologies, countries will face difficulties in tackling the needs and demands of their population. Global agencies including the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations (UN), International Telecommunication Union (ITU), etc. have been instrumental in providing various tools, and guidance through digital health strategies in improving health and digital health maturity of the countries. The Digital Health Platform Handbook (DHPH) is a toolkit published by WHO and ITU to help countries create and implement a digital health platform (DHP) to serve as the underlying infrastructure for an interoperable and integrated national digital health system. We apply the foundational principles of DHPH and provide a perspective of DHP components in a layered, enterprise architecture of a digital health infrastructure. India has rolled out the blueprint of its National Digital Health Mission (NDHM) to address the emerging needs for digitization of healthcare in the country. In this paper, we also illustrate the design and implementation of WHO-ITU DHP components at the national level by exploring India's digital health mission implementation utilizing various digital public goods to build a digital health ecosystem in the country.