bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GIANT DISPERSION OF DIELECTRIC PERMEABILITY OF THE DISPERSE SYSTEM IN AN ALTERNATING ELECTRIC FIELD. OVERVIEW OF APPROACHES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT PRESENCE OF A DOUBLE LAYER
Authors:   Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Kurochkin V. E. , Sharfarets B. P.
Published: November 2020

This review analyzes two approaches to describing the polarization of disperse systems when an alternating electric field is applied in the general case. Polarization models of Trukhan and Dukhin – Shilov are considered. As a result of this review, it follows that the most preferable model, which makes it possible to significantly increase the rate of electrophoresis of the dispersed phase, is the Dukhin – Shilov model, in the implementation of which a giant dispersion of the dielectric constant of a heterogeneous dispersed system may appear if the condition of a thin double layer around non-conducting dispersed particles in a conducting dispersive medium.
PRÁTICA AVANÇADA DE ENFERMAGEM: O QUE É, O PORQUÊ, COMO & DESAFIOS
Authors: Gallani Maria Cecilia , Dallaire Clémence
Published: November 2020

Editorial
Biresource Networks with Magnetic Reachability
Authors: Abdulrahman H. , Skorokhodov V.A.
Published: November 2020

In this paper, ergodic biresource networks with magnetic reachability are studied. A special feature of the distribution of two resources in such networks is that one of the resources has priority in the distribution of resource flow values. A resource with a high priority is called first or main. Two cases of such networks are considered. In the first case, only the total throughput is specified for each arc. In the second case, two values of throughput and are specified for each arc u, and there are condition that the value of the second resource which is passing through any arc u cannot exceed the value . For each type of networks with magnetic reachability, resource allocation rules, which are based on the construction of an auxiliary network, are adapted. For the case of a semi-ergodic auxiliary network, the method for finding the limit state for an arbitrary value of the total resource is modified. Also, for networks with double throughputs, a method for finding the threshold value T', which is the maximum value of the first resource at which both resources are distributed independently of each other, is developed. The value of T' for each network depends on the total value of the second resource.
Yedinovertsy Priests of the Don and Novocherkassk Diocese in 1890-1910: Social Group Description
Authors: Shadrina A.V.
Published: November 2020

This article considers the process and results of the formation of the social group made up by the Yedinovertsy priests in the Don and Novocherkassk Diocese. Based on the analysis of the sources, it is shown that 27 Yedinovertsy churches had been established in the territory of the Don Army Land by the 1910s, which resulted from the development of the missionary movement that was expected to prevail over the Old Believers’ schism. It was initiated by hierarchy of the Don region, diocesan missionaries, and some Old Believers who had joined the Russian Church under the Old Believers’ “rules”. A group of priests was formed to provide service in those churches. The priests were familiar with the rites that were forbidden in 1666-1667 and wanted to perform their missionary activities among the Old Believers. At the beginning of the group formation process, in the Yedinovertsy churches, there were only 29 priests and psalm readers, who did not have the required education level. But by 1910, their number had grown up to 55 clergymen. Not only did they know the old rites well enough, which, in some instances, was caused by the fact that they had come to the Russian Church from various schism branches, they were also of the advantageous Cossack origin and had missionary education received from the Don diocesan missionary school specially established for those purposes. Considering how important the Yedinovertsy priests’ service was both for the management of the Diocese and the Don Army, those organizations were the financing sources for the priests, for the churches themselves did not even provide the Yedinovertsy priests and psalm readers with an average income. The integrity of the social group in question was sustained by the fact that priests serving at Yedinovertsy churches seldom moved to serve at Orthodox temples.
Forced “Union”? Russia in the Politics of the “Alternative For Germany” Party
Authors: Shcherbakov V.Yu.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the relationship of the “Alternative for Germany” (AfD) party to the Russian Federation. The article notes that the independent foreign policy of Russia, its active opposition to the Imperial policy of the United States appeals to some of the German electorate, this is used by the AfD in its own interests. The young party, which is justifiably called a right-wing populist party, despite serious success in elections at various levels, including in the Bundestag, does not have influential political allies in the country. Therefore, it has no real opportunities to exert a significant influence on German politics. In the context of the harsh anti-Russian policy of Western countries, the AfD is trying to occupy a niche as a foreign policy “partner” of Russia and thereby attract voters who are sympathetic to our country. For example, this applies to numerous “Russian Germans”. We should also mention the desire of the Russian Federation to use AfD to promote its own interests, including projects such as Nord stream - 2. The author notes that most likely, if relations between Bonn and Moscow improve or if the AfD's domestic political influence increases, the problem of Russia's rapprochement with the AfD will lose its relevance.
Police in the Administrative Law Mechanism of Securing Law and Order During the Preparation and Holding of Mass and Public Events
Authors:   Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation Chief Research Scientist of the Federal State Institution Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia LL.D., Professor, Dugenets Aleksandr S.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with important issues of implementation by the police of the administrative and legal regime of law enforcement in the preparation and conduct of mass and public events.
Developing a Virtual Undergraduate Research Symposium in Response to COVID-19 Disruptions: Building a Canvas-Based Shared Platform and Pondering Lessons Learned
Authors:   Oregon State University, Pierszalowski Sophie , Heinonen Greg ,   Oregon State University, Ulman Bethany ,   Oregon State University, López-Cevallos Daniel ,   Oregon State University
Published: November 2020

Oregon State University (OSU) partnered with OSU Ecampus, its online degree-granting unit, to develop a Canvas studio site to host a spring research symposium. Easy-to-navigate college-level pages with discussion boards for each student presenter were created. Students were asked to (1) pre-record a three-minute lightning talk by capturing a voice narrative over a PowerPoint slide deck and (2) upload their talks, along with a written narrative, into a pre-made discussion board.
The Importance of Apps during COVID-19
Authors:   University of North Georgia, Tomlinson Aimée
Published: November 2020

Prior to the social distancing order that occurred in March 2020, the author's undergraduate collaborators and the author were fortunate to have already incorporated a number of apps into their research. Similar to Microsoft Teams, the Slack app (Slack n.d.) allows for sharing documents, facilitating conference calls (with the paid version), sending direct messages, and providing change notifications. Slack has allowed the students (even the more introverted) to freely communicate.
Collaborative Autoethnography: An Approach to Deliver Learning Objectives of a Community-Engaged Research Course for Health Science Undergraduates during Pandemic Times
Authors:   University of Minnesota Rochester, Mejia Angie
Published: November 2020

In an upper-division, community-engaged course at the University of Minnesota Rochester geared for health science majors, a process was implemented to meet one learning objective in the syllabus (introduction to qualitative data methods) as a response to pandemic-imposed limitations on community-engaged learning activities at UMR. The hope was for one group of students to meet these objectives by engaging in a collaborative autoethnography instead of collecting data in the community.
Utilización de un dispositivo electrónico de última generación para la determinación experimental del coeficiente de convección de una placa plana de aluminio.
Authors: Ramírez González Luis Diego , Parra Anguita Luis , Del Pino Peñas Carlos
Published: November 2020

Este artículo considera un chorro de aire a una temperatura menor al ambiente, que impactauna placa plana de aluminio colocada sobre una matriz de sensores capaces de medir latemperatura en el área de impacto. Posteriormente, mediante un procesamiento de los datos seencuentran curvas características para cada relación adimensional entre la altura y el diámetrode salida del chorro (H/D). Se determina el coeficiente de convección o película utilizando larelación entre la pendiente de la gráfica resultante de la evolución temporal de la temperaturay las propiedades físicas del aluminio.El objetivo principal del trabajo es la comprobación de la funcionalidad del dispositivo electrónico,el cual se realiza con éxito. Además, se utilizan técnicas de visualización para comprobar elcomportamiento del chorro de aire fresco al impactar la placa. Tanto el dispositivo, como lautilización de chorros de aire tienen amplias funcionalidades en la industria (refrigeración,calefacción, procesos de secado, limpieza, entre otros) y algunas más específicas para eldispositivo como la medición a tiempo real de temperaturas en dos dimensiones en zonas dedifícil acceso.
Desarrollo de un sistema basado en la nube para el monitoreo de un nido de aves, su ambiente y comportamiento, siguiendo el paradigma del Internet de las Cosas
Authors: Gamboa-Soto Alexis
Published: November 2020

Este trabajo presenta el diseño y desarrollo de un prototipo basado en la nube para monitorearaves en en su entorno natural, siguiendo los principios y tendencias del paradigma de Internetde las Cosas. El comportamiento y las poblaciones de aves representan una útil métrica paramedir la salud de un ecosistema, volviéndose así en una importante herramienta para estudiarlas repercusiones del cambio climático en el medio ambiente. El sistema se construye utilizandoNodeJs para el backend y se despliega utilizando una plataforma de computación en la nubecomo servicio a fin de mejorar la accesibilidad y la escalabilidad, mientras se reducen loscostos de implementación y operación. Para este proyecto, se asume el reto de cero inversiónen la implementación del prototipo. El objetivo principal de la investigación es establecer unsistema web de monitoreo de nidos de aves en tiempo real, para recopilar y analizar datos sobreel comportamiento animal y ambiental, diseñado para definir un estándar de comunicación parala integración de dispositivos personalizados utilizados para recopilar los datos, permitiendouna mejor integración de diferentes artilugios construidos para obtener datos de vida salvajecon la mínima interferencia y dotar de suficiente dinamismo a los protocolos de comunicaciónpara manejar nuevos tipos de datos obtenidos de una amplia variedad de sensores. Laestandarización y centralización tiene como objetivo resolver el problema actual de recopilaciónremota de datos de dispositivos de monitoreo y la capacidad de compartir datos entreinvestigadores de vida salvaje, ofreciendo disponibilidad mundial a través de un portal webpara que los usuarios accedan a los las lecturas recolectadas en distintos entornos.
Estudio de la complejidad del Español para la simplificación textual
Authors: Araya Camposa Randall , Estrella Paula , Arguedas Castillo José , Alvarez Grijalba Walter
Published: November 2020

La mayoría de los trabajos en el área de la simplificación textual se realizan sobre el idiomainglés por contar con más recursos lingüísticos y sobre el género periodístico. Sin embargo,por nuestro contexto, en este trabajo nos concentramos en estudiar y automatizar las métricasexistentes para medir complejidad léxica para el español, como paso previo a la identificaciónde frases complejas y su subsiguiente simplificación. Otro aspecto novedoso de este trabajoes la utilización de corpus relacionados a los derechos humanos, concretamente de laOrganización para las Naciones Unidas y del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas paralos Refugiados. Los aportes más significativos son: la creación de una herramienta de códigoabierto, que genera un informe sobre la complejidad de un texto dado con el fin de dar soportea quien esté interesado en simplificar ese texto, y la propuesta de una nueva métrica para medirla complejidad de manera multifacética. Los resultados obtenidos en los distintos experimentosrealizados son prometedores y en muchos casos confirman las hipótesis planteadas.
Parqueo automático de un carro modelo a escala
Authors: Chaves Rodríguez José Pablo
Published: November 2020

Existe una problemática para muchos usuarios de automóviles el cual es realizar la maniobrade estacionamiento del vehículo en parqueos ya sea en batería o en paralelo, con esto se daque muchas personas les tome mucho tiempo el estacionar, les genera estrés y en algunoscasos les es imposible parquear, y los que lo logran pueden realizar esta maniobra de malmanera desperdiciando espacio y/o dejando a otros vehículos con la imposibilidad de salir dedonde se encuentran parqueados. Debido a esto el Department of measurement - AeronauticalInstrumentation Laboratory de la Universidad Técnica Checa en Praga (Czech TechnicalUniversity in Prague) ha decidido realizar un sistema de parqueo automático aplicado primero aun carro modelo a escala en donde este sistema sea capaz de reconocer donde se encuentradisponible un espacio de parqueo, una vez identificado este, el carro de forma autónoma deberealizar la maniobra de parqueo, sin ningún tipo de asistencia por parte del conductor.Este sistema debe tomar en cuenta el control de la dirección del vehículo, el desplazamientoen cualquier dirección, al mismo tiempo debe ser capaz de reconocer la distancia que hayentre los objetos alrededor del vehículo, identificar cuando se encuentra al lado de un espaciolo suficiente para estacionar en forma paralela y por último debe ser capaz de evitar colisionescontra objetos u obstáculos que se le presenten al frente y detrás del vehículo y mantener unadistancia mínima de seguridad contra estos.Para lograrlo fue necesario el uso de un microprocesador para la lectura de las entradas y el controlde las salidas, sensores ultrasónicos para medir la distancia del vehículo y los objetos alrededor,sensor de proximidad inductivo para medir el desplazamiento lineal del vehículo, un puente H parael control del motor de corriente directa y un servomotor para el control de la dirección del carro.
Comparative Clouds
Authors: Flaherty Kyle , Hack Rebecca , Pacheco Alina
Published: November 2020

Con la industria de la nube aún en su infancia, es imperativo completar un análisis exhaustivo de la principales competidores en este mercado. La investigación cubierta en este documento proporciona una comparación análisis de los principales competidores en la industria de la nube: Amazon Web Services, Google Cloud, y Microsoft Azure. El enfoque de este análisis se estructurará en torno a la usabilidad, el rendimiento y costo. Mientras que los otros competidores tienen sus nichos de mercado, el mejor proveedor de nube en general era Amazon WebServices.
Effective natural food complements: anti-CoV-2 spike protein directed druggable inhibitors
Authors: Oláh Zoltán , Ökrész László , Török Ibolya , Pestenácz Anikó , Harkai Anikó , Kocsis Éva
Published: November 2020

There is a number of photosynthetically produced small molecules that have previously been validated through SARS-CoV spike protein interaction assays for selectivity and effectivity in our database. Our specialty database, the AVIRA-DB, has been built from scientific papers that published results regarding selective & effective CoV-2 spike protein binding inhibitors that prevent virus binding to the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme type 2 (ACE2). These data have been accumulated since 2003, the time of the first well documented coronavirus pandemic. To develop our anti-viral nutraceutical capsule we favoured small molecules (Mw <1000 Dalton) from edible plant parts that are enriched in experimentally evaluated coronavirus inhibitors. From this “AVIRA-DB” we screened for local culture varieties of vegetables and spices that are enriched in the anti-viral hits. Thus, AVIRA is the first knowledge-based nutraceutical composition that was validated by selective anti-CoV-2’s spike protein assays, performed in silico, -vitro & -vivo. From Chemo- & Bio-text-mined meta-data from literature and patents resulted in druggable flavonoids and flavonols, which were validated as anti-CoV-2 spike protein directed small molecules that are preventing the binding of the virus to ACE2.
SPRACHFÖRDERUNG DURCH EXTENSIVES LESEN UND HÖREN IM UNIVERSITÄREN DAF-UNTERRICHT
Authors: Stipančević Ana I.
Published: November 2020

In diesem Beitrag werden Ergebnisse einer empirischen Studie dargestellt, die 2014/15 an der Philosophischen Fakultät in Novi Sad (Serbien) mit Studierenden des Wahlfachs Deutsch (Niveaustufe A2) durchgeführt wurde. Während in der Experimentalgruppe das extensive Verfahren angewandt wurde, wurde der Kontrollgruppe regulärer Unterricht erteilt, im Rahmen dessen verschiedene Lehrwerke und eine Vielfalt an didaktischen Materialien eingesetzt wurden. Die Dauer der Untersuchung betrug zwei Semester. Im Anschluss wurden die Lernenden in Hinblick auf ihre Sprachkompetenz getestet. Die Daten wurden quantitativ ausgewertet, während die Gruppenunterschiede mithilfe des t-Tests statistisch untersucht wurden. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen weisen darauf hin, dass sich extensive Lese- und Hörprogramme vor allem auf die produktiven Sprachkompetenzen positiv auswirken.
III Rimashevskaya Readings. Saving Russian Population: Health, Employment, Standards and Quality of Life. Proceedings of the international scientific and practical conference
Authors:   Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population, Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lokosov V.V.
Published: November 2020

В сборнике представлены доклады и тезисы участников Международной научно-практической конференции «III Римашевские чтения. Сбережение населения России: здоровье, занятость, уровень и качество жизни», организованной ИСЭПН ФНИСЦ РАН в память о выдающемся российском ученом – Наталье Михайловне Римашевской, д.э.н., член-корреспонденте Российской академии наук, Советнике РАН. Многогранность научных интересов и многомерность методологических подходов к постановке и решению социально-экономических проблем народонаселения, которые были свойственны Н.М. Римашевской, отчасти нашли свое отражение в тематике выступлений на конференции и в структуре разделов сборника: 1. Демографические показатели современной России: рождаемость, смертность, расселение и миграция населения - основные тенденции и их детерминанты; 2. Человеческий потенциал России: образование, физическое, психическое и социальное здоровье населения и определяющие их факторы; 3. Уровень жизни населения: что происходит с занятостью, какими являются и какими должны быть зарплаты, пенсии, социальные трансферты.; 4. Качество жизни населения: экологическая и продовольственная безопасность, жилищная обеспеченность, доступность социальных услуг, возможности профессиональной самореализации; 5. Победа в Великой Отечественной войне – уроки и итоги ‒ в цифрах и выводах. Конференция объединила ученых, специалистов и аспирантов, а также представителей государственных органов власти из разных республик и регионов России, Беларуси, Узбекистана, Японии, которым близки идеи и методология российской социо-демографической школы Н.М. Римашевской. Материалы, представленные в сборнике, адресованы широкому кругу научных работников, преподавателей высших учебных заведений, представителей государственных органов власти, специалистов, аспирантов и студентов, которых интересуют социально-экономические и демографические проблемы, а также государственная социальная политика, цель которой сбережение и повышение качества жизни населения России.
O problemie ochrony niemieckich praw własności intelektualnej w Polsce w pierwszych latach po II wojnie światowej
Authors: Dolata Tomasz
Published: November 2020

On the problem of the protection of German intellectual property rights in Poland in the fi rst few years following the Second World War

Right after the end of the Second World War a decision was taken to deal with the problem of patent rights and copyright of German nationals by means of internal (national) regulations. A relevant letter was sent in April 1946 to the Ministry of Reconstruction by the Construction Research Institute. This began a rather lively exchange of correspondence on the ministerial level. Particularly active in it were three ministries: Ministry of Reconstruction, Ministry of Justice and Minister of Foreign Aff airs. In the end, however, the problem of the use of patents belonging to German nationals under pre-war international agreements was resolved by means of the London Accord of 27 July 1946 which Poland endorsed in late 1946. What turned to be much more problematic was the regulation of German copyright. The Polish authorities were considering the adoption of the so-called decree on partial revocation of copyright on technical and scientifi c works by German authors. However, owing to a lack of consent from the various ministries as well as uncertainty about possible future consequences associated with compensation the attempts proved ineff ective.

 

 Zur Problematik des Schutzes der deutschen geistigen Eigentumsrechte in den ersten Jahren nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg in Polen

Unmittelbar nach Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges versuchte man, das Problem der Patent- und der Urheberrechte deutscher Bürger zusammen zu lösen — mittels der internen (Landes-) Vorschriften. Im April 1946 hat das Forschungsinstitut für Bauwesen [Instytut Badawczy Budownictwa] ein Schreiben an das Ministerium für Wiederaufbau [Ministerstwo Odbudowy] gerichtet, was zu einer regen Korrespondenz auf ministerialer Ebene geführt hat. Besonders aktiv waren in dieser Sache drei Ministerien: das Ministerium für Wiederaufbau, Justizministerium und Ministerium für Auswärtige Angelegenheiten. Die Probleme, die mit der Anwendung der Patente verbunden waren, die nach den internationalen Vorkriegsabkommen den deutschen Bürgern zustanden, wurden schließlich kraft des Londoner Abkommens vom 27. Juli 1946 über die Behandlung deutscher Patente gelöst, Polen trat diesem Abkommen Ende des Jahres 1946 bei. Wesentlich problematischer war die Regelung der deutschen Urheberrechte. Die polnischen Behörden überlegten nämlich die Herausgabe eines sog. Dekretes über die teilweise Aufhebung der Anwendung des Urheberrechtes in Bezug auf die wissenschaftlich-technischen Werke deutscher Autoren. Da jedoch die einzelnen Ministerien diesem nicht zugestimmt haben und Bedenken hinsichtlich künftiger Schadensersatzfolgen bestanden, hat man davon abgesehen.
Przedmioty historycznoprawne na polskich wydziałach prawa
Authors: Kantor-Kozdrowicki Piotr , Materniak-Pawłowska Małgorzata , Przygodzki Jacek
Published: November 2020

Subjects relating to the history of law at Polish law faculties

The article is devoted to subjects relating to the history of law taught at Polish law faculties. It is divided into two parts. The fi rst encompasses an analysis of subjects relating to the history of law, the second — to subjects associated with political and legal doctrines. The author analyses the teaching at public and private higher education institutions. The HEIs have been classifi ed on the basis of the 2018 faculties of law ranking of the Rzeczpospolita daily. The authors sought to examine, on the basis of the curricula published on the faculties’ websites, the teaching in not just law programmes, but also other programmes run by the faculties of law, e.g. undergraduate and graduate administration programmes or security undergraduate and graduate programmes. When it comes to non-public HEIs, the article focuses on the best four faculties of law in the Rzeczpospolita ranking. 

Die rechtsgeschichtlichen Fächer an den polnischen rechtswissenschaftlichen Fakultäten

Der Beitrag ist der rechtsgeschichtlichen Didaktik an den polnischen rechtswissenschaftlichen Fakultäten gewidmet. Er besteht aus zwei Teilen. In dem ersten wurden die rechtsgeschichtlichen Fächer analysiert und der zweite ist den Fächern aus dem Bereich der politischen und rechtlichen Lehre gewidmet. Im Text wurde die Didaktik an öff entlichen und nicht öff entlichen Hochschulen geschildert. Die Reihenfolge der einzelnen Zentren ergibt sich aus ihrer Position in dem Ranking der Rechtsfakultäten der Zeitung „Rzeczpospolita” aus dem Jahre 2018. Die Autoren versuchten, anhand der Lehrprogramme, die auf den Internetseiten der Fakultäten veröff entlicht werden, die Didaktik nicht nur an der Fachrichtung Recht darzustellen, sondern auch an anderen Fachrichtungen, die durch die juristischen Fakultäten geführt werden, wie z.B. an der Fachrichtung Verwaltung (Bachelor- und Masterstudiengang) oder Sicherheit (Bachelor- und Masterstudiengang). Hinsichtlich der nicht öff entlichen Schulen, so wurden die nach der Rangliste der „Rzeczpospolita“ vier besten rechtswissenschaftlichen Fakultäten analysiert.
Siła wyższa jako negatywna przesłanka odpowiedzialności za delikt zagrożony administracyjną karą pieniężną
Authors: Janiak Piotr
Published: November 2020

Siła wyższa jest negatywną przesłanką odpowiedzialności za delikt zagrożony administracyjną karą pieniężną. Zgodnie z art. 189e kodeksu postępowania administracyjnego: „W przypadku gdy do naruszenia prawa doszło wskutek działania siły wyższej, strona nie podlega ukaraniu”. Autor rozważa konsekwencje siły wyższej jako negatywnej przesłanki odpowiedzialności za delikt zagrożony administracyjną karą pieniężną.
Między niepomijalnością administracji publicznej a deadministrowaniem
Authors: Lisowski Piotr
Published: November 2020

Systemowa niepomijalność administracji publicznej (i prawa administracyjnego) stanowi swego rodzaju „przezroczysty aksjomat”. Pierwotnie wynika z zasięgu i znaczenia administracji publicznej w ujęciu przedmiotowym, znajdując potwierdzenie w podmiotowo rozumianej administracji publicznej. Systemowa nieodzowność administracji publicznej nie oznacza jednak jej niezmienności, co nie zawsze prowadzi do pełnego utrzymania jej niepomijalności. Możliwe modyfikacje mogą prowadzić do tak zwanego deadministrowania. Różnorodność i stopniowalność tego zjawiska wymaga racjonalnych decyzji. Istotną rolę w tym względzie ma do odegrania nauka prawa administracyjnego.
Niepomijalność administracji publicznej w zakresie władztwa zakładowego — „skreślenie z listy uczniów szkoły” na kanwie orzecznictwa sądowoadministracyjnego
Authors: Raszewska-Skałecka Renata
Published: November 2020

Problematyka postępowań w indywidualnych sprawach ucznia w szkole, w tym władztwa zakładowego wobec ucznia na forum szkoły, i kwestia skreślenia z listy uczniów, wpływając na status ucznia jako użytkownika zakładu administracyjnego (szkoły), jest nie tylko obecna i aktualna w nauce prawa administracyjnego, ale i ciągle potrzebuje w praktyce weryfikacji sądowej i refleksji naukowej. Postępowanie w sprawie skreślenia ucznia z listy uczniów toczy się według procedury zgodnej z przepisami postępowania administracyjnego. Skreślenie ucznia z listy uczniów szkoły następuje w formie decyzji administracyjnej; jest przy tym równoznaczne z rozwiązaniem stosunku administracyjnoprawnego, łączącego ucznia ze szkołą. Podkreślić należy, że w szkole istnieje prawny obowiązek podporządkowania się ucznia wydanym i obowiązującym na jej terenie regulacjom wewnątrzzakładowym, do których należy zwłaszcza statut szkoły. Uprawnienia zakładu administracyjnego (szkoły) wobec ucznia-użytkownika są z reguły uregulowane ustawowo, szczegółowo zaś dookreślone w statucie szkoły i regulaminach wewnątrzszkolnych. W doktrynie prawa administracyjnego przyjmuje się, że podległość ucznia jako użytkownika zakładu administracyjnego uregulowana jest w szczególności w prawie oświatowym, jego podległość zaś wszelkim aktom, poleceniom organów szkoły — określona jest jako element władztwa zakładowego. Stąd właśnie obecność i niepomijalność w szkole prawnych form działania administracji publicznej oraz władztwa zakładowego, mającego istotny wpływ na sytuację prawną ucznia w szkole. Prawo administracyjne pozwala przyjrzeć się ochronie administrowanego ucznia w szkole, a sądownictwo administracyjne — ochronie praw podmiotowych jednostki jako ucznia szkoły w państwie prawa.
Instytucje prawne gwarancji zgodności z prawem jako niepomijalny element regulacji prawa administracyjnego
Authors: Adamiak Barbara
Published: November 2020

W prawie administracyjnym niepomijalnym elementem jego regulacji są instytucje praw­ne gwarancji zgodności z prawem działania administracji publicznej. W prawie ustrojowym regula­cja instytucji kontroli i dopuszczalności stosowania środków nadzoru gwarantuje działanie zgodne z prawem. Wprowadzona jest zarówno w regulacji ustrojowej administracji rządowej, jak i regulacji ustrojowej samorządu terytorialnego.W materialnym prawie administracyjnym niepomijalność regulacji instytucji prawnych gwa­rancji zgodności z prawem co do zasady należy łączyć z regulacją w procesowym prawie administra­cyjnym. To w prawie procesowym zawarta jest bowiem regulacja sankcji za naruszenie przepisów prawa materialnego. Nie oznacza to, że w materialnym prawie administracyjnym nie wprowadza się instytucji prawnych gwarancji zgodności z prawem.Procesowe prawo administracyjne tworzy rozbudowany system instytucji prawnych gwarancji zgodnego z prawem działania organów administracji publicznej i to zarówno instytucji prawnych działania zgodnego z prawem, jak i instytucji prawnych następstw prawnych naruszenia prawa przez pozbawienie mocy obowiązującej aktu kształtującego uprawnienia lub obowiązki strony po­stępowania administracyjnego.
Administracja publiczna zarządzana nowocześnie — kilka refleksji
Authors: Zacharko Lidia
Published: November 2020

Celem artykułu jest próba pokazania wyzwań, które stoją przed administracją publiczną w zakresie zarządzania. Specyfika świadczonych usług wymusza właściwy, jak też uporządkowany sposób działania, którego głównym celem powinna być jakość. Klient jest najważniejszą osobą w każdej organizacji. Zarządzanie jakością w administracji implikuje wdrożenie nowoczesnych technik i metod działania, takich jak: benchmarking, benchlearning, reengineering, outsourcing, czy regranting.
Redukowanie administracji publicznej — argumenty współczesne
Authors: Błaś Adam
Published: November 2020

Termin niepomijalności administracji publicznej to odpowiedź na niepokojące niekiedy zjawisko redukowania administracji publicznej na płaszczyźnie ideowej, ustrojowo-prawnej i praktycznej. U podstaw zjawiska redukowania administracji publicznej stoi idea liberalizmu. Redukowanie państwa i jego administracji ma jednak swoje granice. Granicą najczęściej występującą w praktyce jest kryzys państwa i administracji publicznej.
A saúde nas escolas da Amazônia: um enfoque na educação
Authors: Borba Pinheiro Claudio Joaquim , Monteiro Santos Roseane
Published: November 2020

Esta coletânea científica sobre A SAÚDE NAS ESCOLAS DA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA: Um enfoque na Educação Física, busca uma Organização do Conhecimento dentro de uma trajetória de tempo e espaço, foi produzida e elaborada por vários discentes e professores do primeiro curso de Pós-Graduação Lato Sensu, presencial na área da Educação Física, realizado no município de Tucuruí por uma instituição pública, entre os anos de 2018 e 2019.
Maintenance Management in an Un-renovated Building
Authors: Nowogońska Beata , Mielczarek Magdalena
Published: November 2020

The good management of the building maintenance should be based on the regular maintenance work. Repair works are often not carried out or there are shifts in time, which causes degradation of the building. The article presents a method of planning renovation works of a MUBAR (maintenance Management in an Un-renovated Building with Abandoning Renovation) based on the consequences in case of their lack. No renovation work on individual elements in a building can cause a threat to the stability of the building structure, risking the lives of users, continuing damage to the building by damaging further elements, or even a building disaster. The method can also be applied to historic buildings. Often, due to abandonment of repairs caused most often by lack of the owner, improper manager or irresponsible users, degradation of these objects occurs. The consequences of neglected renovation of buildings lead to irreversible processes of their destruction. The aim of the article is to present the developed method of planning renovation works based on the consequences of lack of renovation works.
Formulation of a multi-scale watershed ecological model using a statistical approach
Authors: Pruitt Bruce , Killgore K. , Slack William , Matuliauskaite Ramune
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this special report is to provide a statistical stepwise process for formulation of ecological models for application at multiple scales using a stream condition index (SCI). Given the global variability of aquatic ecosystems, this guidance is for broad application and may require modification to suit specific watersheds or stream reaches. However, the general statistical treatise provided herein applies across physiographies and at multiple scales. The Duck River Watershed Assessment in Tennessee was used, in part, to develop and test this multiscale, statistical approach; thus, it is considered a case example and referenced throughout this report. The findings of this study can be utilized to (1) prioritize water-sheds for restoration, enhancement, and conservation; (2) plan and conduct site-specific, intensive ecosystem studies; and (3) assess ecosystem outcomes (that is, ecological lift) applicable to future with and without restoration actions including alternative, feasibility, and cost-benefit analyses and adaptive management.
When Fracturing, Heed the Plugs
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen
Published: November 2020

Plugs used in fracturing do more than just plug.

In addition to isolating stages during fracturing, they often provide the first warning when casing has been deformed - an all-purpose description for pipe that has been bent, squeezed, or gashed.

A vague label for the damage is useful because most often those dealing with the problem will never know more about the damage than the inner diameter of the casing has been narrowed - ovalized is the popular term for it - and that they need to find a smaller-diameter tool to get past the obstacle.

Eric Davis, the global completions chief for ConocoPhillips, offered a rare public presentation about what can be learned by digging deeper into the reasons why a plug, frac gun, or bottomhole assembly (BHA) cannot pass through a casing diameter.

A major message in a panel discussion during the recent virtual 2020 Unconventional Resources Technology Conference (URTeC) was that investigating casing can yield surprising results.

Davis told the online audience he hoped the presentations would “scare you into getting more data.”

Davis shared an observation made while watching fracturing in progress on a screen displaying temperature and acoustic data collected by fiber-optic cables attached outside the casing for distributed temperature sensing and distributed acoustic sensing.

As the stage progressed, cooler injected water (shown in green) mixed with the warm reservoir fluid (in blue) (Fig. 1). Temperature data from the fiber-optic cable showed the previous stage as all blue, indicating the plug was sealing.

Then the colors of the previous stage started changing as cooler water leaked in and green streaks began bleeding into the blue of the previous stage; then “it all went blank.” The fiber had been severed, Davis said, adding that seeing it in real time “was quite shocking.”

The fiber optic was still working on the yet-to-be-fractured upper stages, but “as we moved up the hole, we kept parting the fiber.”

For the team involved it was a big loss in terms of the cost of the fiber installation and the data they had planned to collect. But for Davis the value of what was learned after the fiber was cut “is far more valuable than the lost fiber-optic installation.”

Collecting the information required sending diagnostic tools downhole to inspect the damage.

Gashes were found in the casing. They appeared to have been cut by the fast-flowing water-sand mix that may have begun as a small leak, grew in volume, and severed the metal tube holding the fiber-optic cables on the outside of the casing.

“You can see it looks like the packing element is where the erosion occurred on a lot of cases,” Davis said.

They also learned that the metal in the casing is softer than the plugs. Davis said, “We were preferentially eroding casing over the plug.”

They found “total casing breaches” created by the high-pressure stream of fluid and sand on 25% of the plug locations examined on multiple wells.
Natural Gas Gathering and Boosting Stations Are Ripe for Mitigation of Emissions
Authors: Boschee Pam
Published: November 2020

As an operator of 30,000 miles of natural gas pipeline systems, including gathering and boosting (G&B) facilities, Williams is taking steps to further mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) associated with its operations (see sidebar).

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) compiled data for GHG quantities as metric tons of CO2 equivalent (CO2e) based on self-reported data from the facilities as of 4 August 2019. Among the results are 13 of Williams’ onshore gathering and boosting facilities (Table 1).

While this is a snapshot of one segment of a company’s operations, it illustrates the importance of mitigation throughout the natural gas value chain.

Leak detection and equipment upgrades play a significant role in the mitigation of methane and carbon dioxide emissions. Various equipment components involved in G&B systems such as compressors, tanks, dehydrators, acid-gas-removal units, separators, and yard piping are recognized emitters.

An EPA report issued in April, Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 1990-2018, (https://www. epa.gov/sites/production/files/2020-04/documents/us-ghg-inventory-2020- main-text.pdf) identified the sources of GHG emissions from G&B systems as the G&B stations and gathering pipelines.

G&B stations receive natural gas from production sites and transfer it via gathering pipelines to transmission pipelines or processing facilities. Boosting processes include compression, dehydration, and transport of gas to a processing facility or pipeline.

The EPA identified five major segments of the natural gas system: exploration, production (including G&B), processing, transmission and storage, and distribution. It categorized “production” as beginning at the withdrawing of raw gas at the wellsite. Emissions arise from the wells themselves and from wellsite equipment and activities such as pneumatic controllers, tanks and separators, and liquids unloading. The EPA included G&B emission sources within the production sector.

In 2018, emissions from production (including G&B) accounted for 58% of methane emissions and 27% of carbon dioxide emissions from natural gas systems.

Within the production data, G&B sources took the top position for the most emissions in several categories.
Technology Focus: Offshore Drilling and Completion (October 2020)
Authors: Rylance Martin
Published: November 2020

As the saying goes, “Time is the longest distance between two places.” There is no truer phrase when it comes to the oil field and our offshore drilling and completions operations. While saving seconds adds up to minutes and minutes eventually add up to hours, we need truly innovative thinking to make major changes in the way we execute such operations.

It’s never straightforward to be truly innovative. You need the culture, the company, and the employees to be aligned. That is often easier said than done. When true innovation is achieved, however, the resulting solution/approach often is self-evident and marked by swift adoption by the industry across the globe. Additionally, you need the drive to achieve this, and the industry today needs innovation badly if it is going to continue to operate in some of these traditionally high-cost environments. The papers I selected here represent great examples of such impactful innovation, insight, and opportunity and are aimed at extensive rig-time and trips out of the well, particularly the completion process.

In deepwater, subsea, and extended-reach wells, and any high-cost environment, a measurable reduction of rig time in whatever form will be matched by a substantial economic benefit. Specifically targeting ingrained thinking, the selected papers demonstrate the game-changing results that can be achieved even when targeting long-established norms. They demonstrate everything that our industry should be proud of and what we strive for. I hope you enjoy reading them as much as I did and see the potential applications in your own business.
Technology Focus: Data Analytics (October 2020)
Authors: Saputelli Luigi
Published: November 2020

Imagine the time when we are no longer concerned about the digital-transformation issues we face today, such as data availability, security, and many others. This would be the time when companies make the best out of digital infrastructure. In this era, employees would not struggle to collect, gather, and transform the data. Instead, automated algorithms would enable them to quickly leverage information hidden in data sources. We may, however, face other kinds of issues such as ensuring that computers and humans collaborate in the most-efficient way, providing business managers the best decision-making framework. This era might be here sooner than expected.

The upstream industry is not short of innovative ideas where machine-learning algorithms have enabled new concepts since a wide variety of digital tools for fast prototyping and implementation have become available. However, companies need to establish digital operating models that support not only agile innovation but also robust deployment of scaled-up solutions. This will require a multiparty framework for planning resources to support and sustain such applications from idea to reality. Such a framework shall assure that the portfolio of ideas is translated into a coherent applications road map, with clear delivery milestones. Change management is required to embed these new tools in daily business processes, amalgamating with other solutions along with providing user support and managing the evolution of information-technology infrastructure.

As evidence of such progression, this month papers are showcased that address common-use cases in petroleum engineering and geosciences.

Paper SPE 196657 shows automating 3D image processing that can significantly improve the quality and speed of classifying the morphology of heterogeneous carbonate rock. The implications for fluid-flow modeling are tremendous.

The objective of paper SPE 196110 is to enable the prediction of the spatial variation in new target wells’ decline type curves for gas production on the basis of existing data of production, completion, and geological parameters through an automated machine-learning approach.

Paper OTC 29815 proposes a machine-learning/artificial-intelligence approach using sequence-mining algorithms for predicting the next drilling operation and classifying it on the basis of textual descriptions, allowing automatic pattern discovery within drilling reports.

In the additional-reading suggestions, paper SPE 196011 investigates various deep-learning approaches to predict the long-term well performance on the basis of a moderate duration of early-life well monitoring data.
Transient Multiphase-Flow Simulation Enables Slugging Mitigation Solution
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: November 2020

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 195740, “Long Cyclic Well-Slugging Behavior Induced by Sand Production; Analysis and Mitigation Solution Enabled by Transient Multiphase-Flow Simulation,” by Kapil Kumar Thakur, SPE, Schlumberger; Kia Katoozi, SPE, TAQA Bratani; and Ali Hamid, SPE, Schlumberger, prepared for the 2019 SPE Offshore Europe Conference and Exhibition, Aberdeen, 3-6 September. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

The complete paper discuses a well with a history of sand production that exhibits long cyclic slugging behavior. Whether the slugging is caused by the gap at the well’s lower completion, by sand transportation, or by both is not fully understood. Dynamic wellbore modeling with sand-particle transport is essential in modeling the complex slugging behavior. Transient simulations successfully produced the slugging behavior observed in the field. Cyclic slugging was determined to be caused by the flow dynamics generated by particles of small to medium size.

Introduction

Well X1 exhibited long cyclic slugging behavior, as seen from the tubinghead pressure (THP) and downhole pressure measured for 1 month (i.e., 0 to 30 days) (Fig. 1). Surface rate measurements from the rate test are available for 1 week (i.e., from Days 23 to 30); these are shown in Fig. 1 along with downhole pressure. For this period, downhole pressure decline is observed as the rate builds. The objective of this analysis is to understand the long cyclic slugging behavior of the well by analyzing and simulating historical production data and to arrive at a potential mitigation solution.

Wellbore Modeling

The multiphase-flow model incorporated in the commercial transient multiphase simulator used in this study is based on first principles whereby the equations of mass, momentum, and energy are solved in time and space to arrive at temporal and spatial variations of phase fractions, velocities, pressure, and temperature. These mass, momentum, and energy equations are solved rigorously in the transient multiphase simulator model with the appropriate closure laws defining interfacial and wall friction, deposition and entrainment of droplets, and bubble entrainment. The model is suited to well-simulation applications because it can simulate complex trajectories, smart completions, and the transient heat transfer in wells by accounting for all the applicable modes of heat transfer (conduction, convection, and radiation) between the tubing, casing, and formation. The model is capable of handling sand-particle transport.