bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelling drug permeation across the skin: a chemical engineering perspective
Authors: Sebastia-Saez Daniel , Chen Tao , Deacon Benjamin , Lian Guoping
Published: February 2025

This review provides insight on how the application of core chemical engineering concepts helps with current challenges in dermal permeation research from a mathematical modelling perspective. The skin fundamentally behaves like a diffusion reactor, where mass conservation featuring Fick’s diffusion flux can be applied to obtain the differential equations that govern the permeation of a chemical compound. Advanced phenomena like systemic circulation or complex thermodynamics can be added mathematically into the models to complement the diffusion equation. Depending on research objectives, the reach of these mechanistic continuum mechanics models can: i) consider the skin as a homogeneous compartment, where spatial dependency is overlooked, or ii) include detailed spatio-temporally-discretised geometric descriptions of complex features like the bricks-and-mortar layout of the stratum corneum. The capabilities of this powerful approach to study advanced topics in dermatological research are discussed. These include topics such as the role of the hair follicle as a shortcut to bypass the stratum corneum, the effect of evaporation during the application of multicomponent formulations, and the facilitation of skin permeation by means of external forces (i.e., electromagnetic fields and mechanical action). The chapter closes with a note on current challenges towards the future development of mechanistic skin Digital Twins, which are gaining further importance of late to avoid animal experimentation in dermatological research.
Epigallocatechin gallate mitigates the motor deficits in a rotenone-induced Parkinson’s disease rat model via promoting protein kinase D1 and inhibiting neuronal Parthanatos
Authors: Wang Jianjun , Tang Yaqi , Guo Chenwu , Du Zekun , Chen Fen , Fang Shujuan , Tang Yinjuan
Published: February 2025

Parkinson’s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by degeneration of the dopaminergic (DA) neurons, is still lack of available treatments to completely block neurodegeneration. (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a predominant active polyphenol generated from green tea, exerts multiple neuroprotective roles in the nervous system. However, the function role of EGCG in PD and the underlying mechanism remains to be investigated. In the current study, we used the rotenone injection to build the PD rat model, followed by the EGCG treatment and determined by the behavior tests, measurements of malondialdehyde, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase levels, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We revealed that, in PD rats, EGCG upregulates protein kinase D1 (PKD1) and inhibits Parthanatos to ameliorate the impaired motor function, reduce the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase, suppress the oxidative stress, and suppress the inflammation in substantia nigra. These combined results suggest that EGCG can suppress oxidative stress and inflammation to prevent DA neuron degeneration to prevent rotenone-induced motor impairments, laying the foundation for EGCG to be a novel candidate for the treatment of PD.
Die Eröffnung des Sacharjabuches (Sach 1,1–6) als prophetentheologischer Programmtext
Authors: Behrens Achim
Published: February 2025

Die Eröffnung des Sacharjabuches in Sach 1,1–6 ist weniger eine Bußpredigt als vielmehr der Entwurf einer Theologie der alttestamentlichen Prophetie insgesamt. Die vorexilischen Propheten werden hier innovativ als die »früheren Propheten« bezeichnet. Deren Botschaft war demnach der Ruf »Kehrt um!«. Die damit verbundenen Drohungen sind eingetroffen, was wiederum ein Erweis für die Verlässlichkeit des Wortes Gottes für die zeitgenössische Leserschaft ist. So ist Sach 1,1–6 ein theologischer Programmtext, der für ein bestimmtes Bild der Prophetie Begriffe sucht und findet.
Wie hoch stieg das Wasser der Sintflut? Neue Überlegungen zu Gen 7,20
Authors: Tropper Josef , Vita Juan-Pablo
Published: February 2025

In diesem Artikel wird argumentiert, dass der hebräische Text von Genesis 7,20 anders zu verstehen ist als bisher angenommen wurde. Der adverbiale Ausdruck milemaˁlāh
bedeutet nicht »nach oben hin« bzw. »höher als«, sondern »von oben her (gemessen)«. Und der Bezugspunkt sind nicht die Spitzen der hohen Berge, sondern vielmehr die Unterseite des Himmels: »Das Wasser war auf (eine Höhe von) 15 Ellen von oben her angeschwollen«. Auf dem Höhepunkt der Flut fand die Arche, die 30 Ellen hoch war (Gen 6,15), also gerade noch Platz zwischen Wasseroberfläche und Himmel.
Correlated and Anticorrelated Binocular Disparity Modulate GABA+ and Glutamate/glutamine Concentrations in the Human Visual Cortex
Authors: Matuszewski Jacek , Alvarez Ivan , Clarke William T. , Parker Andrew J. , Bridge Holly , Ip I. Betina
Published: February 2025

Binocular disparity is used for perception and action in three dimensions. Neurons in the primary visual cortex respond to binocular disparity in random dot patterns, even when the contrast is inverted between eyes (false depth cue). In contrast, neurons in the ventral stream largely cease to respond to false depth cues. This study evaluated whether GABAergic inhibition is involved in suppressing false depth cues in the human ventral visual cortex.

We compared GABAergic inhibition (GABA+) and glutamatergic excitation (Glx) during the viewing of correlated and anticorrelated binocular disparity in 18 participants using single voxel proton magnetic-resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Measurements were taken from the early visual cortex (EVC) and the lateral occipital cortex (LO). Three visual conditions were presented per voxel location: correlated binocular disparity; anticorrelated binocular disparity; or a blank grey screen with a fixation cross. To identify differences in neurochemistry, GABA+ or Glx levels were compared across viewing conditions.

In EVC, correlated disparity increased Glx over anticorrelated and rest conditions, also mirrored in the Glx/GABA+ ratio. In LO, anticorrelated disparity decreased GABA+ and increased Glx. The Glx/GABA+ ratio showed increased excitatory over inhibitory drive to anticorrelated disparity in LO. Glx during viewing of anticorrelation in LO was predictive of object-selective BOLD-activity in the same region.

We provide evidence that early and ventral visual cortices change GABA+ and Glx concentrations during presentation of correlated and anticorrelated disparity, suggesting a contribution of cortical excitation and inhibition to disparity selectivity.

Significance StatementThe visual system must correctly match elements from the left and right eye for proper reconstruction of binocular depth. At the earliest part of binocular processing, false matches can activate depth detectors, however, the activation to false matches is absent in the ventral visual stream. We tested whether GABAergic inhibition contributes to the suppression of false matches in the ventral stream by measuring GABAergic inhibition and glutamatergic excitation in the human visual cortex during presentation of correct and false matches. Correct matches increased excitation in response in the early visual cortex, and false matches increased excitation and decreased inhibition in the ventral visual cortex. These results suggest a role for excitation and inhibition in distinguishing depth cues for stereoscopic vision.
A case of multi-plug flow control technique treating high flow cirsoid renal arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Çelebioğlu Emre Can , Gursoy Aysegul Coruh , Dabus Matheus , Bilgic Sadık
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Renal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare vascular lesions mostly diagnosed when they become symptomatic. These lesions can be treated using a variety of endovascular techniques and devices.
Case Report. We present a 51-year-old male who presented with acute onset right flank pain, hematuria and refractory hypertension. The patient was treated using a multi-plug flow control technique using multiple balloon catheters and microcatheters. Two operators worked synchronously during the procedure using two different dilutions of glue. The patient’s symptoms resolved immediately after the embolization and at 1 month follow up the CT demonstrated complete obliteration of the AVM with little renal parenchymal loss. The patient remained clinically asymptomatic at the 6-months follow-up.
Conclusion. This case illustrates the feasibility and safety use of synchronous embolization in the treatment of complex renal AVMs.
Association between metabolic syndrome and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Malki Abdessamad , Assarrar Imane , Ziani Imane , Bentebbaa Fatim Zahra , Bouichrat Nisrine , Rouf Siham , Latrech Hanane
Published: February 2025

Background and aims. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most prevalent chronic complication of diabetes. Several risk factors have been identified in recent studies, in particular metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, this association remains unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of DPN and to study its associated factors, especially the MetS as a potential risk factor of DPN in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods. This was a retrospective and comparative study, with cross-sectional collected data, involving patients with T2DM from North Africa, followed up in the Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition at Mohammed VI University Hospital Center of Oujda, located in the eastern region of Morocco. Patients were grouped according to the presence (T2DM/DPN+, n = 110) or absence of DPN (T2DM/DPN-, n = 290). Data were collected from medical records and analyzed using SPSS software version 21.
Results. DPN was found in 27.5% of the patients. The mean age was similar between the two groups, at 58.96 ± 11.86 years in the T2DM/DPN+ group and 57.10 ± 13.29 years in the T2DM/DPN- group. Males comprised 40.9% of the T2DM/DPN+ group and 31.7% of the T2DM/DPN- group, but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.054). Patients with DPN had a significantly longer duration of diabetes (median 10 years vs. 5 years, p < 0.001). Both groups showed glycemic imbalance, with mean HbA1c values of 10.71 ± 2.31% for T2DM/DPN+ and 10.40 ± 2.87% for T2DM/DPN-, without a significant difference. MetS was a significant predictor of neuropathy presence. The prevalence of DPN was greater in individuals with hypertension (p = 0.013), abdominal obesity (p = 0.010), elevated triglyceride levels (p = 0.007), and low HDLc (p = 0.013). Male sex and the duration of diabetes were found to be significant risk factors for the development of DPN.
Conclusion. MetS and its components are strongly associated with the presence of DPN in patients with T2DM. Therefore, screening and optimal control of these risk factors may help prevent DPN in these patients. However, further intervention studies are needed to determine whether comprehensive multifactorial control in patients with T2DM and MetS can effectively prevent DPN.
Shadow Work in Ovizire-Somgu: From Where Do We Speak?
Authors: Ndjiharine Vitjitua , Sakaria Nashilongweshipwe
Published: February 2025

The histories of the first genocide of the twentieth century committed by German imperial forces in the then German South West Africa (present day Namibia) are increasingly becoming visible in Namibia-Germany public discourses. While national memory cultures in both Namibia and Germany had left this genocide on the margins of dominant cultural hegemonies, the continued call for reparations and restorative justice demonstrates the potential of international solidarity and the work of healing justice. Artistic practices and other forms of cultural work are at the centre of this work. We reflect on artistic processes and practices of Ovizire-Somgu: From Where Do We Speak?, a trans-national residency, exhibition and applied arts project that began with interrogating a colonial photography archive of German colonialism and resulted in the development of an archival method which we refer to as Shadow Work. We show how a critical reflexive approach of working with archival material to produce paintings, performances, photographs, installation, sculpture drawings, sound arts and facilitated workshops was necessary for working through these histories. Our reflexive account therefore highlights the important role which the arts and cultural work plays in doing this trans-historical work.
Analysis of the impact of different reheating methods on the flavour profile of venison dishes
Authors: Lu H.D. , Li P. , Wu H.R. , Lu Z.K. , Li F.L. , Zhong B. , Liu C.
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the flavour profile of volatile compounds in venison-based prepared food subjected to various reheating methods. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) and electronic nose technology were employed to detect and analyse the characteristic flavour of three types of venison prefabricated food samples, which underwent different reheating treatments. During the research, 41 distinct volatile compounds were identified from the venison prefabricated food samples. Following normalisation of ion peaks and three statistical analysis techniques, 21 types of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were detected effectively from dishes reheated by air fryer. According to data analysed by the odour description database, the venison-containing dishes exhibited superior retention of wine and onion aromas upon reheating. The results of electronic nose detection indicated the presence of benzaldehyde, alcohols, aromatics, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and aliphatic aromatic substances in braised venison prefabricated vegetables; especially benzaldehyde and alcohols displayed similar aroma characteristics as detected by GC-IMS. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) identified key variables contributing significantly to the volatile flavour profiles in venison prepared vegetables across different reheating methods: The main odourants were ethanol, undecane D, 1-propanol, ethyl acetate (acetic acid ethyl ester), 3-methylbutan-1-ol, n-pentanal, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 1-butanol, butanal, and other 30 compounds (VIP > 1).
An UPLC-MS/MS method for determination of karacoline in mice and its pharmacokinetics study
Authors: Huang Wenwen , Dong Xicheng , Lin Rong , Ma Jianshe
Published: February 2025

In this experiment, ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was employed to quantify karacoline in mouse plasma following both intravenous and oral administration, thereby elucidating the pharmacokinetic characteristics of karacoline in mice. The analytes were extracted from mouse plasma using acetonitrile for protein precipitation. Chromatographic separation was performed on an HSS T3 column via gradient elution, with the mobile phase consisting of methanol and 0.1% formic acid in water. Quantification of karacoline and the internal standard (IS) was achieved using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Six mice received an intravenous (i.v.) injection of karacoline at a dose of 1 mg kg−1, while another six mice were administered karacoline orally (p.o.) at a dose of 5 mg kg−1. The calibration curve for karacoline in mouse plasma ranged from 1 ng mL−1 to 2,500 ng mL−1. The intra-day precision was within 10.4%, and the inter-day precision was within 13.0%. Accuracy ranged from 89.1% to 107.5%, with recovery rates between 77.6% and 88.2%. Matrix effects were observed within the range of 77.6%–107.4%. This method successfully estimated the pharmacokinetics of karacoline, and its bioavailability was determined to be 27.2%, these are preliminary studies that require verification on a larger group of animals.
A MECP2 gént tartalmazó X-kromoszomális Xq28 régió duplikációja Lubs-féle intellektuális fejlődési zavarban
Authors: Németh Zsófia , Sinkó Gabriella , Kárteszi Judit , Csákváry Violetta
Published: February 2025

A szerteágazó tünetek integrálása, a megfelelő diagnosztikai lépések
kiválasztása, majd az eredmények értékelése – genetikai betegség gyanúja esetén
– nagy kihívás. Esetismertetésünkben egy szív- és idegrendszeri fejlődési
rendellenességgel, valamint hormonális eltéréssel rendelkező fiúgyermek
kórtörténetét mutatjuk be. A társuló súlyos pszichomotoros fejlődési elmaradás,
a minor anomáliák és a születéstől fogva számos alkalommal visszatérő szeptikus
állapot észlelése nyomán kezdeményeztük betegünk genetikai vizsgálatát. Az
elvégzett multiplex ligatiofüggő próbaamplifikációs (MLPA-) vizsgálattal
MECP2-duplikációs szindróma igazolódott. Ez a Lubs-féle
mentális fejlődési zavarnak is nevezett genetikai kórkép X-hez kötött recesszív
módon öröklődik. Pontos gyakorisága nem ismert, a szakirodalom eddig közel 200
személyről számolt be. A klinikai tünetek súlyossága összefüggést mutat a
duplikálódott kromoszómaszakasz méretével. A vizsgált gyermeknél érintett régió
az MECP2 mellett az SLC6A8, IDH3G, L1CAM, IRAK1, FLNA,
GDI1, DKC1, F8 és VAMP7 géneket is tartalmazta,
ami hozzájárulhatott a szerteágazó klinikai kép megjelenéséhez. Kiemeljük a
szindrómára jellemző csökkent kortizolválasz kóroki szerepét a visszatérő,
súlyos szeptikus állapotok hátterében. A genetikai vizsgálómódszereknek ma már
széles spektruma érhető el, de elindításuk a klinikuson múlik. Fő célunk a jelen
közleménnyel, hogy felhívjuk a figyelmet ezekre a speciális analízisekre,
amelyek a diagnosztikus utat lerövidíthetik, és a házaspár újabb
terhességvállalása esetén megalapozzák a praenatalis diagnosztikát. Orv Hetil.
2025; 166(8): 313–316.
Infectious factors in atopic dermatitis, pharmaceutical possibilities (systematic literature review)
Authors: Konyshko N.A. , Konyshko G.C. , Matveeva D.A. , Volynets L.I. , Kireeva A.A.
Published: February 2025

Patients, who suffered from atopic dermatitis (AD), are diagnosed with bacterial and viral diseases significantly more often and in a more severe form. Objective. To analyze the results of researches on infectious factors and possibilities of pharmaceutical impact in patients with AD. Material and methods. Search for articles was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, E-library scientific databases by following keywords: infectious diseases, atopic dermatitis, immune responses. Results. Systemic immune responses are the basis of pathogenic relationship between AD and infectious diseases. Atopic march includes bronchial asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and/or food intolerance. In adulthood, AD may be manifested by eczematous lesions of the hands’ skin and allergic contact dermatitis. Epithelial barrier damage, increased concentrations of Th2/Th22 and cytokines, reduced levels of antimicrobial peptides, decreased bacterial diversity, prevalence of pathogens, as well as the use of immunosuppressive agents in therapy are the components of pathogenesis of allergic sensibilization and infectious pathology. Staphylococcus aureus is detected in 70—90% of cases in AD foci by bacteriological techniques, whereby some patients have predominantly methicillin-resistant S. aureus. A frequent presence of human papilloma virus, reduction of microbial diversity and colonies of Malassezia fungi are noted. Patients with AD have higher prevalence of infectious diseases of the visceral organs (streptococcal pharyngitis, upper and lower respiratory tract infections, recurrent otitis, varicella disease and urinary tract infections, esophagitis and gastritis). Conclusion. AD is associated with the morbidity of both skin infectious diseases and most diseases of the visceral organs of infectious etiology, that should be considered in scientific and therapeutic diagnostic algorithms.
The Safety and Protective Effects of Intravitreal Injection of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rat Model of Retinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Hu Baiyu , Shu Jing , Fan Hanying , Xin Mei , Zeng Liuzhi
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and protective effects of intravitreal injection of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) in a rat model of retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury induced by anterior chamber perfusion.
 
Methods: Two weeks after induction of I/R injury, rats received a single intravitreal injection of human ADMSCs at doses of 2×10⁴ cells or 5×10⁴ cells suspended in 3 μL saline. Control rats received 3 μL saline or no injection. Retinal and optic nerve changes were assessed at two weeks after injection using immunofluorescence, hematoxylin and eosin staining, toluidine blue staining, and polymerase chain reaction to evaluate inflammation-related and neurotrophic factors.
 
Results: Intravitreal injection of human ADMSCs significantly reduced the number of apoptotic retinal ganglion cells after I/R injury, preserved the ganglion cell layer, and increased expression of neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor and insulin-like growth factor 1. The high-dose group (receiving 5×10⁴ cells) demonstrated superior neuroprotective effects compared to the low-dose group (receiving 2×10⁴ cells) as evidenced by less retinal ganglion cell apoptosis. In addition, histopathological analysis revealed localized tissue remodeling and increased microglial infiltration, particularly in the low-dose group.
 
Conclusion: The safety of intravitreal human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation requires further investigation, particularly with regard to potential proliferative responses and their long-term effects. In addition, the optimal dosage of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells needs to be explored to balance therapeutic efficacy and minimize adverse outcomes. which was associated with structural retinal damage. In addition, the high-dose group exhibited a potential risk of inflammation or maladaptive changes.
Solar Wind Speed Variations as Precursor Through X-Class Flare Intensity and Wind Density: A Radio Data Analysis
Authors:   Department of Physics, JIS University, 81 Nilgunge Road, Kolkata, 700109, India, Banerjee Abhijit , Bhattacharya Rina
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This study aims to identify solar wind speed as a precursor to the giant class of solar flares, focusing on flare intensity and wind density. Methods: A three-tier analysis was conducted on radio data from X-class solar flares on January 9, 2023, and May 11, 2024. Forecasting involved analysing wind speed variations w.r.t flare intensity and wind density. Firstly the data processing included filtration, moving average regressions, Holt-Winters and ARIMA models to identify the best fit. Secondly, the forecasted data were scaled to solar parameter ranges, revealing binary time-scale dependencies. Boolean feature extraction was employed to determine wind parameter frequency. Final predictions were made using an ensemble Random Forest model. Temporal parameter variations of geomagnetic indices are also related to identifications of the perturbation. Findings: Machine learning models achieved R² scores of 0.503±0.0002 and 0.7125±0.0035 for the two dates. RMSE analysis showed a swing of |-4.94 ± 3.811| for May 11, 2024. Post-flare (for 1-18 hrs. passage) wind speed (kms-1) and density (particlesm-³) differences are |±1.882 ±0.2543| and |±0.257±0.01055| respectively. Boolean expressions revealed solar parameter time dependencies, with frequency analysis yielding a mean of 49.90±0.26 and standard deviation of 28.45±0.05. The Random Forest model yielded an R² of 0.8514±0.0012. A Dst change of 18 nT was observed with post-flare enhanced solar wind. Novelty: This study introduces a state-of-the-art approach through a three-tier forecasting methods, combining model fitness analysis, Boolean function feature extraction and prediction. This framework captures the unique dependencies between solar wind speed, flare intensity and density highlighting the retention of increased average wind speed following a flare.

Keywords: Solar Flare, Solar Wind Speed, Regression, HW, ARIMA, Random Forest Model
12 DOF Bipedal Robot Design: Kinematic Analysis and Dynamic Simulation
Authors:   Ph.D. Research scholar, The Charutar Vidya Mandal (CVM) University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India, Desai Ruchir J , Patel Y D
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Bipedal robots are robotic systems designed to mimic the walking and balancing abilities on different terrain of humans. This paper represents detailed kinematic analysis and reference model-based control design for 12 Degrees of Freedom (DOF) bipedal manipulator. This study also evaluates the robot’s stability and gait generation capabilities through dynamic simulations. Methods: A CAD model is developed and simulated in MATLAB/ Simulink/ Simscape multibody by considering the inverse kinematics, cubic polynomial trajectory, foot contact forces, step size and Center of Mass (COM). The Zero Moment Point (ZMP) is utilized to guarantee the static stability of the envisioned bipedal robot. Findings: The result of this analysis provides valuable insights into the design and control of bipedal robots with a high degree of freedom, paving the way for more advanced applications in the field of robotics. The robot replicates the walking pattern of the human on flat terrain by keeping COM at constant height of 0.904 m. Novelty: The proposed lower limb model is developed using anthropomorphic data and a comprehensive investigation of the development phases of bipedal robot has been evaluated. Moreover, descriptive analysis has been carried out for the movement of each joint angle which is derived from dynamic simulation.

Keywords: Bipedal Robot, Lower Limb, Kinematic Analysis, Gait Pattern, Simulation
Laser Capture Microdissection Assisted Spatial Proteomics v2
Authors: Wang Zhenda , Chen Yuexin , Gote-Schniering Janine , Schiller Herbert
Published: February 2025

This protocol was used to generate spatial proteomics dataset from pediatric lung, as a part of the CZI-MPII project. For more information: Mapping the Pediatric Inhalation Interface: Nose, Mouth, and Airways, - Chan Zuckerberg Initiative
Immunolabeling of endogenous proteins for fluorescence microscopy in cultured mammalian cells v1
Authors: Shami Ahmad , Saqub Hera , C Lewis Samantha
Published: February 2025

This protocol details the detection of endogenous proteins by immunofluorescence. This is our standard protocol for imaging endogenous proteins associated with mitochondria and other membrane-bound organelles.
The calculation of vapor compression and absorption heat pumps considering the hydraulic resistance of the refrigerant
Authors:   Platov South Russian State Polytechnic University, Papin V.V.
Published: February 2025

The known methods to assess the efficiency of heat transformers do not consider pressure losses in the transformer circuit. These losses seem to be insignificant. However, the issue is how insignificant they are and whether they should still be considered. The purpose of the study is to modernize available methods to calculate heat transformers to take into account the impact of refrigerant pressure losses in the heat transformer circuit. The methods of assessing the efficiency of a vapor compression and absorption transformers are based on the methods of V. Maake and P.A. Trubaev, and the methods of T.V. Morozyuk and L.S. Timofeevsky, respectively. The method of A.N. Noskov has been used to clarify the efficiency of the compressor. The hydraulic resistances of heat exchangers and pipelines in the circuits of heat transformers have been determined using available methods of domestic authors. The obtained resistance values have been displayed on the P-h diagram of the cycle. A modernized method for assessing the efficiency of vapor compression and absorption heat transformers has been obtained, considering pressure losses in the circuit. Calculations of the efficiency indicators of heat transformers are carried out using the obtained methodology. The results of the calculations correspond to the experimental data obtained earlier by V.O. Mamchenko and A.A. Malyshev. Pressure losses in the circuit of the vapor compression heat transformer reduce the transformation ratio for example under study by 5,4 %, and in the circuit of the absorption heat transformer by 0,4 %. Accordingly, when assessing the efficiency of vapor compression heat transformers, pressure losses play a significant role.
Случай лимфангиолейомиоматоза тазовых лимфатических узлов при раке эндометрия с подозрением на регионарные метастазы
Authors: Закурдаев Е. И. , Багателия З. А. , Чижиков Н. П. , Угодникова П. И. , Селявин С. С.
Published: February 2025

В статье описан редкий случай лимфангиолейомиоматоза тазовых лимфатических узлов у женщины 67 лет, обнаруженный при исследовании операционного материала экстирпации матки с придатками и лимфаденэктомией.
Normative and anthropological grounds of etiquette (I. Kant and N. Elias)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Rohozha Mariya
Published: February 2025

Background. The article researches etiquette as a phenomenon of the Western culture in normative and anthropological dimensions, basing on the ideas of practical anthropology (empirical ethics) by Immanuel Kant and sociogenetic studies by Norbert Elias.

Methods. General scientific methods of analysis and synthesis are used to define the normative and anthropological grounds of etiquette in the concepts of the mentioned thinkers. The specificity of the study presupposes the interdisciplinarity in involving philosophical (ethical) and cultural approaches in understanding the specified issues.

Results. Kant's conceptualization of the regulation of proper conduct is carried out within empirical ethics. He defined real rules of conduct that a person has to follow in morally meaningful life. He precisely focused on good manners, which possess individual and social value despite the fact that they are often only "decent illusions" that camouflage passions and indecencies. Elias, in his reflections on good manners, was focused on defining the quality of their transformations in the course of cultural and historical progress. Based on Elias's concept of "conditioning" as the adaptation of individuals to standard modes of behavior, the author of the article demonstrates from which irrational sources good manners are born, how they are disseminated and implemented.

Conclusions. Gallant manners acquired ritualized forms at the absolutist court, breaking away from their material grounds. The transformation of external constraint in following good manners into self-constraint became possible in the development of civilization and the weakening of external threats. The initial copying of gallant manners by representatives of the bourgeoisie and their subsequent widespreading in the Western European public space led to the democratization of this phenomenon. Such logic is characteristic of civilizational progress and does not work in conditions of reduction of the social state to the natural one in emergency situations.
Cellular immune responses in women living in the Arctic region
Authors: Morozova Olga S. , Shchegoleva Lyubov S. , Shashkova Elizaveta Yu. , Filippova Oksana E.
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND: In the northern regions, exposure to harsh climatic and ecological conditions alters immune status, resulting in decreased resistance to microorganisms, development of various types of hypersensitivity, and auto-sensitization. During formation and maturation of the immune system, these changes contribute to growth retardation in children, while in adults, they accelerate aging.
AIM: To assess the distribution of lymphocyte phenotypes and the phagocytic activity of neutrophils in women residing in the Far North.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study analyzed the immune status of 60 conditionally healthy women living in the Far North of the Russian Federation (Pinega, Arkhangelsk Region). The mean age of the participants was 47.76±0.94 years. Blood concentrations of lymphocyte phenotypes (CD3+, CD5+, CD8+, CD10+, CD16+, CD71+, HLA-DR+) were measured using an indirect immunoperoxidase reaction with monoclonal antibodies. Granulocyte phagocytic activity was assessed using latex particles, with phagocytic activity expressed as a percentage and phagocytic intensity determined by the phagocytic index (the number of latex particles engulfed per 100 neutrophils). Descriptive statistics (mean and standard error of the mean) were calculated for each immunological parameter. Correlation analysis was performed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The percentage of immune parameter imbalances was determined based on the frequency of high and low concentrations relative to physiological reference ranges. Data analysis was conducted using Statistica 10.0 and Microsoft Excel 2010.
RESULTS: Cellular immunity strain was identified, characterized by reduced activity of T-lymphocytes expressing CD3+ and CD5+ receptors (95.00±1.61% and 96.66±1.63% of women, respectively). This was accompanied by increased cytotoxic CD8+ cells and natural killer CD16+ cells (53.33±1.20% and 48.33±1.14%, respectively). This pattern suggests a reduced reserve capacity of the immune system. A decrease in phagocytic activity was observed in 20.00±0.73% of participants, while an increase in CD10+ cells was noted in 21.66±0.77%.
CONCLUSION: The insufficient activity of T-lymphocytes, coupled with an increase in cytotoxic and natural killer cells, reflects a state of immune system strain. Additionally, reduced phagocytic activity and elevated CD10+ lymphoproliferation contributes to a reduced reserve capacity of immune homeostasis.
Navigating empathy, compassion, and conflict resolution
Authors:   , Baker Obadiah Ira , Rasmussen Harriette
Published: February 2025

This dissertation explores the intersections of empathy, compassion, and conflict resolution through an autoethnographic lens, reflecting on Dr. Obadiah Baker's experiences as a Fulbright Scholar in Israeli-Palestinian relations. The study uses an integrated development framework to examine how transpersonal methods--such as expressive arts therapy, shadow dance, and storytelling--facilitate cross-cultural understanding and reconciliation. Through personal narratives, observational data, and reflective analysis, the research highlights the role of embodied artistic practices in fostering dialogue, breaking down systemic barriers, and promoting healing in divided communities. By centering on lived experience, this dissertation offers insights into the power of creative expression as a peace-building tool and its implications for conflict resolution strategies in broader geopolitical contexts.
Perspectiva de género en empresas de turismo de aventura en Quintana Roo, México
Authors: Rosado-Varela Ángel Aarón , Medina-Argueta Georgina del Socorro
Published: February 2025

La relevancia del estudio radica en abordar cuestiones de género de manera integral en el turismo de aventura, desde la complejidad del problema, su conciencia de las barreras individuales hasta la necesidad de transformaciones culturales y estructurales que perpetúan estereotipos de género y la necesidad de soluciones personalizadas y culturalmente sensibles para avanzar hacia una mayor equidad de género. Se analiza con perspectiva de género la situación laboral de empresas de turismo de aventura de comunidades del sur del estado de Quintana Roo a través de la aplicación de entrevistas a profundidad a trabajadoras y trabajadores, con base en las categorías de contratación atípica, discriminación salarial, desvalorización e invisibilidad, suelo pegajoso, techo de cristal y acoso sexual. Los hallazgos muestran que existen estereotipos de género en el turismo de aventura, destacando una percepción positiva hacia los puestos de liderazgo femeninos, aunque con estereotipos que limitan la diversidad de roles que pueden desempeñar. Se observa una discriminación oculta en el ámbito laboral. La contratación atípica y las condiciones laborales irregulares está contribuyendo a la precarización laboral en el sector del turismo de aventura. Respecto a la desvalorización e invisibilidad, la persistencia de roles tradicionales y percepciones arraigadas en algunas comunidades puede llevar a que guías de turistas femeninas enfrenten discriminación o desigualdad de género.
Sustentabilidad y conservación del patrimonio cultural en la Zona Arqueológica de Teotihuacán, México
Authors: Gonzalez Espinosa Annia Lysandra , Flores Amador Cristina
Published: February 2025

La presente investigación analiza la sustentabilidad y la conservación del patrimonio cultural en la Zona Arqueológica de Teotihuacán, un sitio emblemático y parte del Patrimonio de la Humanidad de México que enfrenta una creciente presión por el turismo masivo y el desarrollo urbano de su alrededor. La relevancia de esta indagación radica en la importancia de encontrar un equilibrio entre el uso turístico del sitio y la preservación de sus valores históricos y culturales, lo que posibilita que futuras generaciones puedan continuar disfrutando de este legado. La metodología aplicada es de enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo exploratorio, descriptivo y explicativo, con realización de encuestas estructuradas dirigidas a visitantes y prestadores de servicios en la zona se obtuvieron resultados que muestran una parte significativa de los visitantes y se percibe un deterioro en las estructuras del sitio y una carencia de información sobre prácticas sostenibles. Por lo que, entre los principales hallazgos, se identifica que la falta de estrategias de sensibilización tanto para turistas como para la comunidad local están contribuyendo al deterioro de la Zona Arqueológica. Por lo cual, la teoría de sustentabilidad y las tres dimensiones del desarrollo sostenible encaminan el objetivo principal de la investigación, es importante verificar que las políticas públicas de gestiones sostenibles vigentes se ejecuten en estricto sentido para el propósito que fueron creadas, buscando integrar a la comunidad prestadora de servicios turísticos en la toma de decisiones y en la educación de los visitantes, con el fin de reducir el impacto negativo del turismo en el patrimonio y promover la responsabilidad social para el cuidado del lugar.
Inteligencia Artificial en la educación y el empleo en el sector turístico:
Authors: Elizo Tapia Gema
Published: February 2025

La inteligencia artificial (IA) está generando, al mismo tiempo, altas expectativas y preocupaciones sobre su repercusión en el empleo y la educación. Su creciente adopción supone la automatización de diversos procesos, lo que plantea retos en cuanto a la reconfiguración de los roles laborales y la necesidad de habilidades humanas renovadas. En el ámbito educativo, la IA posibilita la personalización de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje adaptativo, aunque surgen interrogantes en torno al papel del docente y la integración de competencias digitales en el currículo. El presente estudio examina cómo la IA está modificando la educación y el empleo en el sector turístico, utilizando para ello un análisis bibliométrico y una revisión sistemática. Con esta aproximación, se pretende redefinir la actividad turística y transformar los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Dada la importancia del turismo en la economía global, resulta fundamental promover una formación adaptativa que capacite a futuras generaciones para afrontar los desafíos emergentes. Entre los principales hallazgos, se destaca la necesidad de programas de capacitación conjuntos entre instituciones educativas y empresas, la integración de la IA en los planes de estudio, la atención a los dilemas éticos y la formulación de políticas que faciliten una transición laboral responsable.
Explorando las dinámicas del emprendimiento en el turismo ecuatoriano:
Authors: Garcia Reinoso Nelson , Quintero Ichazo Yomara , Garzón Félix María Fernanda
Published: February 2025

La literatura resalta la importancia de comprender la relación entre nivel educativo, motivaciones culturales y emprendimiento turístico. Este estudio explora la relación entre el nivel educativo, las motivaciones culturales y el emprendimiento turístico en Manabí, Ecuador. Mediante encuestas a emprendedores y técnicas de análisis estadístico multivariante, se identificaron dos clústeres: “Emprendedor-Cultura” y “Emprendedor-Trabajo”. El primero, integrado por emprendedores con educación superior y motivaciones culturales arraigadas, muestra mayor estabilidad empresarial y capacidad de generación de empleo. En contraste, el segundo clúster está compuesto por emprendedores con menores niveles educativos y motivados principalmente por la necesidad económica, enfrentando mayores desafíos estructurales y una menor consolidación de sus negocios. Los resultados destacan la necesidad de diseñar políticas diferenciadas que fortalezcan las capacidades empresariales desde un enfoque cultural y reduzcan la vulnerabilidad económica, promoviendo ecosistemas emprendedores sostenibles. Este análisis contribuye al debate sobre las dinámicas del emprendimiento en contextos turísticos y plantea estrategias para impulsar el desarrollo socioeconómico en Ecuador.
Microbiological factors in osteoarthritis
Authors: Peretsmanas E. O. , Zar V. V. , Rukin Ya. A. , Kazyulina A. A. , Pakhlavonova A. D.
Published: February 2025

Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common polyetiological disease of the musculoskeletal system, leading to disability. The condition can prevent a person from work, affect mental health, increasing mortality and affecting health care resources around the world as a current and future disease burden. OA had been considered an aseptic disease in the past and now the microbiological factor is viewed as one of the significant etiological aspects of the condition.

The objective was to summarize the literature data on the role of microorganisms in the etiology and pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, including concomitant HIV infection.

Material and methods The original literature search (2010 to 2023) was conducted on key resources including Scientific Electronic Library (www.elibrary.ru) and the National Library of Medicine (www.pubmed.org). Literature searches included both Russian and English studies reporting the effect of microbiological factors on the development of arthropathy.

Results and discussion New, more advanced microbiological diagnostic methods have been used. There has been evidence of a variety of microorganisms including pathogenic and opportunistic pathogens in the absence of  clinical and radiological signs of arthritis. This changes ideas about the etiology and  pathogenesis of degenerative processes in the articular cartilage and necessitates a revision of treatment protocols for some joint diseases. Multicenter comprehensive studies of the microbiome of joint formations, blood and intestines are needed.

Conclusions The presence of pathogenic microflora in the joint structures is evident in a significant number of  observations. There is evidence of a local infectious process in the local cellular elements of osteochondral tissue in patients with previously diagnosed aseptic osteoarthritis. Intestinal microbiomes and the urogenital tract are most common sources of infection. A local influence of the immunodeficiency virus on the development of osteonecrotic processes in joint formations can be suggested in HIV patients.
Management of a total defect of the talus with a customized 3D-implant made of porous titanium for Charcot neuroosteoarthropathy in a patient with neurosyphilis: a case report
Authors: Osnach S. A. , Protsko V. G. , Obolensky V. N. , Mazalov A. V. , Bregovsky V. B. , Kuznetsov V. V. , Tamoev S. K.
Published: February 2025

Introduction Neuropathic arthropathy, or Charcot arthropathy, is characterized by rapid progressive bone destruction due to impaired nociceptive and proprioceptive innervation of the affected limb. In recent years, there have been publications on the use of 3D modeling and 3D printing of porous titanium implants for filling large bone defects in the foot, but we found only two descriptions of clinical cases of 3D porous titanium implants in patients with Charcot arthropathy.

The aim of the work is to demonstrate and analyze the results of performing resection calcaneotibial arthrodesis with  defect plasty using a customized 3D implant made of porous titanium in a patient with manifestation of Charcot arthropathy as a complication of tertiary syphilis.

Materials and methods A 50-year-old woman, with a history of syphilis for 26 years, noted the signs of inflammation in the ankle joint during increased loading two months after total knee arthroplasty on the left joint. The examination revealed total destruction of the talus. The diagnosis was Charcot neuroosteoarthropathy of the foot, active stage. After 2.5 months of unloading, based on the results of a CT study of the left ankle joint and 3D modeling, a 3D porous titanium customized implant was fabricated; resection calcaneotibial arthrodesis with autograft harvesting from the tibial canal and plastic surgery of the defect with a 3D implant and fixation with the Ilizarov apparatus were performed. Five months after the operation, consolidation was determined based on the results of control radiographs, and the Ilizarov apparatus was dismantled.

Discussion The proposed method of surgical treatment for total destruction of the talus and the resulting defect-diastasis allows for reconstructive intervention with immediate compensation of shortening, regardless of the shape and size of the defect, to avoid secondary shortening of the limb while maintaining its ability to support, thereby preventing the occurrence of secondary overload changes in the adjacent joints.

Conclusion The initial results in this clinical case seem encouraging, but additional research is required to clarify the indications and patient selection criteria for this treatment method.