bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Dates Leaves Midribs to Prepare Hierarchical Structures Incorporating Porous Carbon and Zeolite A Composites for Cesium137Cs Ion Exchange
Authors: Tuaimah Shireen K. , Al-Nasri Salam k. , Al-Rahmani Altaf A. , Abbas Taiseer K.
Published: September 2020

This study synthesized zeolite 4A, and hierarchical composite structure consisting of zeolite 4A- carbon were successfully prepared. Hydrothermal method was used to grow a layer of zeolite 4A over porous carbon surfaces to enhance mass transfer and increase surface area of zeolite. The products then were used to remove radioactive cesium137Cs from liquid wastewater. Iraqi dates leaves midribs (DM) were used as locally available agricultural waste to prepare low- cost porous carbon, using carbonization method in tubular furnace at 900C for two hours. Hierarchical porous structures including zeolite are prepared by mechanically activating the carbon surface via Ultrasonicating nanoparticles suspension of ground zeolite type 4A.For preparing nanoparticles suspension, commercial zeolite has been milled using 0.3-0.4 mm diameter glass balls as grinding media. Nanoparticles of zeolite 4A acting as seeding (nucleation centers) increase the crystallization of amorphous aluminosilica gel   on modification carbon surface. The products of the syntheses zeolite 4A and the hierarchal composite materials (DMZ) were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Nitrogen sorption (BET) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) to check the morphology, structure, surface area, and the chemical composition respectively. The products were used to treat radioactive wastewater contaminated with radioactive cesium 137Cs collected from destroyed building of the Radiochemistry Laboratories (RCL) in AL-Tuwaitha Nuclear Site. The activity concentration for the contamination water pre and after the treatment were measured using gamma spectroscopy system supplied with a high purity germanium detector (HPGe) with 60% relative efficiency. The results showed that the radioactivity concentration after the treatment process decreased significantly from 4800 Bq/L to 186 and Bq/L,121 Bq/L using 0.045 gm from synthesized  zeolite  4A and DMZ respectively.
Modified Mathematical Model of Tumor Treatment by Radiotherapy
Authors: AL- Azzawi Saad Naji , Shihab Fatima Ahmed
Published: September 2020

In this research, a mathematical model of tumor treatment by radiotherapy is studied and a new modification for the model is proposed as well as introducing the check for the suggested modification. Also the stability of the modified model is analyzed in the last section.
On The Normality Set of Linear Operators
Authors: Shaakir Laith K. , Hijab Anas A.
Published: September 2020

In this paper, the Normality set  will be investigated. Then, the study highlights some concepts properties and important results. In addition, it will prove that every operator with normality set has non trivial invariant subspace of  .
Copulas in Classical Probability Sense
Authors: AL-Adilee Ahmed , Samad Zainalabideen , Al-Shibley Samer
Published: September 2020

Copulas are simply equivalent structures to joint distribution functions. Then, we propose modified structures that depend on classical probability space and concepts with respect to copulas. Copulas have been presented in equivalent probability measure forms to the classical forms in order to examine any possible modern probabilistic relations. A probability of events was demonstrated as elements of copulas instead of random variables with a knowledge that each probability of an event belongs to [0,1]. Also, some probabilistic constructions have been shown within independent, and conditional probability concepts. A Bay's probability relation and its properties were discussed with respect to copulas. Moreover, an extension of multivariate constructions of each probabilistic copula has been presented. Finally, we have shown some examples that explain each relation of copula in terms of probability space instead of distribution functions.
Zircon (U-Th)/He Thermochronologic Constraints on the Long-Term Thermal Evolution of Southern New Mexico and Western Texas
Authors: Reade Nathan Z. , Biddle Julian M. , Ricketts Jason W. , Amato Jeffrey M.
Published: September 2020

Zircon (U-Th)/He (ZHe) dates are presented from eight samples (n=55) collected from three ranges including the Carrizo and Franklin Mountains in western Texas and the Cookes Range in southern New Mexico. ZHe dates from Proterozoic crystalline rocks range from 6 to 731 Ma in the Carrizo Mountains, 19 to 401 Ma in the Franklin Mountains, and 63 to 446 Ma in the Cookes Range, and there is a negative correlation with eU values. These locations have experienced a complex tectonic history involving multiple periods of uplift and reburial, and we use a combination of forward and inverse modeling approaches to constrain plausible thermal histories. Our final inverse models span hundreds of millions of years and multiple tectonic events and lead to the following conclusions: (1) Proterozoic exhumation occurred from 800 to 500 Ma, coinciding with the break-up of Rodinia; (2) elevated temperatures at approximately 100 Ma occurred during final development of the Bisbee basin and are a likely result of elevated heat flow in the upper crust during continental rifting; (3) a pulse of cooling associated with Laramide shortening is observed from 70 to 45 Ma in the Cooks Range and 80 to 50 Ma in the Franklin Mountains, whereas the Carrizo Mountains were largely unaffected by this event; and (4) final cooling to near-surface temperatures began 30–25 Ma at all three locations and was likely a result of Rio Grande rift extension. These data help to bridge the gap between higher and lower temperature isotopic systems to constrain complex thermal histories in tectonically mature regions.
A systems perspective on exploring the sustainability of leadership initiatives in a secondary school setting
Authors: Retna Kala. S. , Davies John
Published: September 2020

This paper uses a systems approach to examine the implementation of a design thinking (DT) initiative in a Singaporean secondary school setting. In particular, the paper uses the systems representational tools attributed to Senge (1990) to better understand the factors and relationships that underpin successful change initiatives in terms of the change process and related outcomes. The systems approach sheds light not only on those managerial and behavioural factors that facilitate initial acceptance and adoption of the design thinking change initiative, but also those factors that might inhibit or undermine ongoing change and success. As such, the paper provides interpretive insight about what constitutes effective systemic change in the implementation of design thinking, and on the nature of individual managerial intervention necessary to sustain ongoing and effective use of the design thinking and other initiatives.
School leaders’ perceptions on comprehensive school counseling (CSC) evaluation processes: Adherence and implementation of the American School Counselor Association (ASCA) National Model
Authors: Geesa Rachel Louise , Elam Nicholas P. , Mayes Renae D. , McConnell Kat R. , McDonald Kaylee M.
Published: September 2020

Throughout their K-12 educational experience, students should have access to resources, educators, counselors, and specialists to help meet their academic, social, emotional, college, and career needs. When school leaders or principals work in collaboration with school counselors, often school climate is more positive for students, faculty, and stakeholders. However, many school leaders do not receive proper training to evaluate school counselors. The purpose of the study is to explore school leaders’ perspectives of processes, policies, and trends in school counselor evaluation. The amount and type of support school counselors receive from their school leaders is important in developing and maintaining a progressive comprehensive school counseling (CSC) program for all students, but leaders must be familiar with CSC in order to appropriately evaluate school counselors. The results indicate that while delivery of a CSC program may be important, the evaluation process may be limited in its utility to help school counselors adhere to and implement the American School Counselor Association (ASCA) National Model, which includes foundation, management, accountability, and delivery components. More research is needed regarding what content should be included in a school counselor evaluation.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO PIBID PARA A FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DOCENTE EM LICENCIATURA EM QUÍMICA: UM OLHAR ATENTO SOBRE OS FUTUROS PROFESSORES
Authors: De Lima Nascimento Jaqueline , Pinheiro Lopes Marcus Vinícius
Published: September 2020

O Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) é um programa de âmbito nacional que proporciona aos discentes de licenciatura o contato direto com o contexto escolar. O presente estudo tem como finalidade reconhecer, compreender e apresentar as contribuições do PIBID para a formação inicial docente dos estudantes de Licenciatura em Química. Para o alcance desse objetivo almeja-se de modo específico analisar os benefícios das relações estabelecidas entre bolsista-supervisor para o desenvolvimento profissional do futuro docente; demonstrar a relevância da vivência de situações reais para a aquisição de conhecimentos práticos importantes para o enriquecimento tanto da formação quanto da ação pedagógica do bolsista e por fim, apontar as vantagens da sua proximidade com a carreira do magistério concedida pelo PIBID. Nessa pesquisa foi utilizada a abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa juntamente com o estudo de caso. Foram elaborados dois (2) questionários: um voltado para o bolsista do PIBID e outro para o supervisor do programa. Participaram ao todo trinta (30) bolsistas e três (3) supervisores na qual suas respostas foram analisadas. Quanto aos discentes, o referido programa possibilita experiências que enriquecem sua formação enquanto docente, proporcionando o contato com as situações reais da profissão e seu cotidiano, preparando-os melhor para a carreira do magistério. E em relação aos supervisores, o contato com os bolsistas favorece o compartilhamento de vivências e conhecimentos e os motivam a buscar novas informações e práticas metodológicas aperfeiçoando a sua ação pedagógica, além do incentivo para que os mesmos possam dar continuidade em sua formação acadêmica.
REFLEXÕES ACERCA DAS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS E A FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS
Authors: Kepps da Silva Peterson Fernando , Schwantes Lavínia
Published: September 2020

As tecnologias digitais permitem que conteúdos sejam vistos e abordados por meio de hipertextos, páginas web, animações e jogos educativos. Pensamos que estas tecnologias podem ser utilizadas na educação a fim de potencializar o trabalho docente e possibilitar a construção de atividades e práticas pedagógicas que promovam uma maior interação entre os estudantes, professor e o contexto social e tecnológico do qual fazem parte. Neste contexto, este trabalho objetiva discutir sobre as tecnologias digitais na formação de futuros professores de um curso de Ciências Biológicas Licenciatura (CBL). Para a produção de dados, desenvolvemos três perguntas sobre tecnologias digitais a serem aplicadas, por meio do aplicativo móvel Whatsapp, aos estudantes do curso de CBL de uma universidade federal localizada no sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Buscamos com estes questionamentos perceber o que os alunos entendem sobre tecnologias digitais; se tiveram contato no período de graduação com assuntos concernentes às tecnologias; assim como as articulações que fazem entre a mesma e a educação. A análise foi feita por agrupamento das respostas semelhantes. Percebemos que a grande maioria dos investigados considera computador, celulares, vídeos, documentários, jogos, filmes e músicas como tecnologias digitais; estabelecem relação entre estas tecnologias e a escola; bem como não tiveram nenhum estudo sobre as tecnologias digitais durante o período de graduação.
LEVANTAMENTO SOBRE O MLCTI NO SCIELO
Authors: Paula Erico Lopes Pinheiro de , Messina Natalia
Published: September 2020

O levantamento sobre as alterações trazidas pela lei nº 13.243/16, para as políticas públicas de CT&I, faz parte de esforço inicial para aproximação aos conceitos relativos à produção de conhecimento no âmbito das universidades públicas do país e tem como fonte o banco de dados Scielo. Trata-se de estudo descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem fundamentalmente qualitativa. Foi empreendido nos três primeiros meses de 2018 e tem como critérios de inclusão: publicado a partir de 2016 e proposição de debate acerca do MLCTI. O corpus definitivo demonstra que em geral são apresentadas visões otimistas sobre as iniciativas de ajustes na legislação para CT&I e o predomínio de interesse na área da saúde. Nos discursos observou-se que, com a tecnologia cada dia mais popularizada, a importância econômica e política de participar ativamente do processo de geração e produção desses bens é defendida como fundamental e estratégica. Por outro lado, não fica claro que os esforços coletivos convergiram o suficiente para a construção de um cenário ideal para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa aplicada no Brasil. Verifica-se ainda que algumas preocupações recorrentes tangem a: os aspectos burocráticos e o perfil de investimento do capitalista brasileiro.
O SABER DOCENTE DO CONHECIMENTO: REFLEXÕES DE UM CURSO DE FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA COM PROFESSORAS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL I
Authors: Cunha Marcia Borin da , Ritter Olga Maria Schimidt , Leite Rosana Franzen
Published: September 2020

Os saberes da docência são: a experiência, o conhecimento e os saberes pedagógicos (Pimenta, 2007). Todos estes saberes precisam ser mobilizados no curso de formação inicial, à medida que se constrói a identidade dos futuros professores. Neste artigo trazemos discussões referentes aos saberes docente do conhecimento, saber esse que se refere ao conhecimento produzido e ensinado tanto na universidade quanto na escola e seus questionamentos. São questionamentos como: ─ Qual é significado dos conceitos específicos – da ciência, por exemplo – no curso de formação inicial? ─ E, para a sociedade, o que significam? É importante o professor saber como, por que e para que esse conhecimento se constitui. Ao obter respostas a esses questionamentos, o professor tem disponíveis os aportes necessários para falar aos estudantes sobre determinado conteúdo e/ou conceito. Reflexões sobre o saber docente do conhecimento é o que apresentamos neste artigo, que está fundamentado em um relato de experiência, no qual discutimos com um grupo de professoras (curso de formação continuada), que atuam na educação infantil, o conteúdo “solo”. Nesta atividade fica evidente a falta de conhecimento das professoras sobre o assunto “solo”, bem como a pouca reflexão sobre ele. Ao que foi possível observar, as professoras apresentam aos estudantes o conceito de “solo” de maneira acrítica, sem uma reflexão do que significam os termos científicos envolvidos no conceito.
$\mathcal{I}$/$c$-extremization in M/F-duality
Authors: van Beest Marieke , Cizel Sebastjan , Schäfer-Nameki Sakura , Sparks James
Published: September 2020

We study the holographic dual to cc-extremization
for 2d (0,2)(0,2)
superconformal field theories (SCFTs) that have an
AdS_33
dual realized in Type IIB with varying axio-dilaton, i.e. F-theory.
M/F-duality implies that such AdS_33
solutions can be mapped to AdS_22
solutions in M-theory, which are holographically dual to superconformal
quantum mechanics (SCQM), obtained by dimensional reduction of the 2d
SCFTs. We analyze the corresponding map between holographic
cc-extremization
in F-theory and \mathcal{I}ℐ-extremization
in M-theory, where in general the latter receives corrections relative
to the F-theory result.
Microbiological changes along a modular wastewater reuse treatment process with a special focus on bacterial regrowth
Authors: Nocker Andreas , Schulte-Illingheim Lorenz , Müller Hubert , Rohn Anja , Zimmermann Barbara , Gaba Anil , Nahrstedt Andreas , Mohammadi Hooman , Tiemann Yannick , Krömer Kerstin
Published: September 2020

Water reuse is becoming an increasing necessity due to depleted water resources or increased water demand. A treatment process on a pilot scale was designed to produce different water qualities for different applications in industry or agriculture. We report here microbiological changes along the modular process using treated municipal wastewater effluent as raw water. Treatment technologies included coagulation, ultrafiltration (UF), reverse osmosis (RO), quartz sand, activated granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration and disinfection. Elimination of traditional hygiene indicator bacteria was already achieved by ultrafiltration as the first barrier. Profound changes by each treatment step also applied to the microbiome. Total and intact cell concentrations as quantified by flow cytometry underwent a strong decline after UF and RO, whereas biological stabilization was achieved through quartz sand filtration and GAC passage. Interestingly assimilable organic carbon (AOC) was still present even after RO at levels that allowed substantial regrowth of bacteria. Overall, UF and RO led only to a 0.43 and 0.78 log decrease in intact cells concentrations in stagnated water after regrowth compared with 6.5 log intact cells/ml in the stagnated raw water. Temperature was shown to be an important parameter determining the microbiome of the regrown population. Regrowth could, however, be efficiently suppressed by monochloramine.
Phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge – phosphorus leaching behavior from aluminum-containing tertiary and anaerobically digested sludge
Authors: Monea Marlena Cristina , Meyer Carsten , Steinmetz Heidrun , Schönberger Harald , Drenkova-Tuhtan Asya
Published: September 2020

Systematic investigations of the acidic dissolution of phosphorus (P), aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), and calcium (Ca) from Al-containing tertiary sludge were carried out in this work. The results were compared with the dissolution behavior of Al-containing anaerobically digested sludge to evaluate the P recovery potential in the form of struvite from tertiary sludge versus anaerobically digested sludge. Additional investigations of synthetically produced Al sludge served as a comparison for the dissolution behavior of P and Al without the influence of other contaminants (metals, biomass). In addition, the acid consumption was analyzed as a function of the target pH during the dissolution. The dissolution efficiency of ortho-phosphate in tertiary and anaerobically digested sludge after acid treatment at pH 2 was ∼90%. The dissolution efficiency of Al and Ca in tertiary sludge was also ∼90% at pH 2, while the release efficiency of Al and Ca in anaerobically digested sludge was lower, ∼70% at pH 2. In tertiary sludge, about 75% of Fe was found dissolved at pH 2, whereas in anaerobically digested sludge this value was higher, ∼90%. Based on the experimental data, it can be concluded that significant dissolution of phosphorus from Al-containing tertiary sludge can take place at pH < 3. The highest sulfuric acid consumption for P dissolution was observed in the case of tertiary sludge at pH 2.
Tackling Alzheimer’s Disease with Existing Drugs: A Promising Strategy for Bypassing Obstacles
Authors: Rampa Angela , Gobbi Silvia , Belluti Federica , Bisi Alessandra
Published: September 2020

The unmet need for the development of effective drugs to treat Alzheimer's disease
has been steadily growing, representing a major challenge in drug discovery. In this context,
drug repurposing, namely the identification of novel therapeutic indications for approved
or investigational compounds, can be seen as an attractive attempt to obtain new medications
reducing both the time and the economic burden usually required for research and
development programs. In the last years, several classes of drugs have evidenced promising
beneficial effects in neurodegenerative diseases, and for some of them, preliminary clinical
trials have been started. This review aims to illustrate some of the most recent examples of
drugs reprofiled for Alzheimer’s disease, considering not only the finding of new uses for existing
drugs but also the new hypotheses on disease pathogenesis that could promote previously
unconsidered therapeutic regimens. Moreover, some examples of structural modifications
performed on existing drugs in order to obtain multifunctional compounds will also be
described.
Perspectives on Drug Repurposing
Authors: Schcolnik-Cabrera Alejandro , Juárez-López Daniel , Duenas-Gonzalez Alfonso
Published: September 2020

Complex common diseases are a significant burden for our societies and demand
not only preventive measures but also more effective, safer, and more affordable treatments.
The whole process of the current model of drug discovery and development implies a high
investment by the pharmaceutical industry, which ultimately impact in high drug prices. In
this sense, drug repurposing would help meet the needs of patients to access useful and novel
treatments. Unlike the traditional approach, drug repurposing enters both the preclinical evaluation
and clinical trials of the compound of interest faster, budgeting research and development
costs, and limiting potential biosafety risks. The participation of government, society,
and private investors is needed to secure the funds for experimental design and clinical development
of repurposing candidates to have affordable, effective, and safe repurposed drugs.
Moreover, extensive advertising of repurposing as a concept in the health community, could
reduce prescribing bias when enough clinical evidence exists, which will support the employment
of cheaper and more accessible repurposed compounds for common conditions.
iHyd-LysSite (EPSV): Identifying Hydroxylysine Sites in Protein Using Statistical Formulation by Extracting Enhanced Position and Sequence Variant Feature Technique
Authors: Mahmood Muhammad Khalid , Ehsan Asma , Khan Yaser Daanial , Chou Kuo-Chen
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

Hydroxylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications
(PTM) in cellular functions and is linked to various diseases. The addition of one of the hydroxyl
groups (OH) to the lysine sites produces hydroxylysine when undergoes chemical modification.

Methods:

The method which is used in this study for identifying hydroxylysine sites based on
powerful mathematical and statistical methodology incorporating the sequence-order effect and
composition of each object within protein sequences. This predictor is called "iHyd-LysSite (EPSV)"
(identifying hydroxylysine sites by extracting enhanced position and sequence variant technique). The
prediction of hydroxylysine sites by experimental methods is difficult, laborious and highly expensive.
In silico technique is an alternative approach to identify hydroxylysine sites in proteins.

Results:

The experimental results require that the predictive model should have high sensitivity and
specificity values and must be more accurate. The self-consistency, independent, 10-fold crossvalidation
and jackknife tests are performed for validation purposes. These tests are resulted by using
three renowned classifiers, Neural Networks (NN), Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine
(SVM) with the demanding prediction rate. The overall predictive outcomes are extraordinarily
superior to the results obtained by previous predictors. The proposed model contributed an excellent
prediction rate in the system for NN, RF, and SVM classifiers. The sensitivity and specificity results
using all these classifiers for jackknife test are 96.08%, 94.99%, 98.16% and 97.52%, 98.52%,
80.95%.

Conclusion:

The results obtained by the proposed tool show that this method may meet the future
demand of hydroxylysine sites with a better prediction rate over the existing methods.
Triazolylthioacetamides Confer Inhibitory Efficacy against Metallo-β- Lactamase IMP-1
Authors: Zhang Yue-Juan , Zhai Le , Wan Yi , Yang Ke-Wu
Published: September 2020

Background: :

The appearance of antibiotic resistance caused by metallo-β-lactamases
(MβLs) is a global public health threat. Developing MβLs inhibitor is an effective way to overcome
antibiotic resistance. Recently, azolylthioacetamides were reported to be promising MβLs inhibitors.

Methods::

Triazolylthioacetamides were synthesized and tested for inhibition activity against the
purified MβL IMP-1. Antimicrobial activities of these inhibitors in combination with cefazolin were
evaluated. Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) was employed to characterize the binding of the
inhibitor to IMP-1, and their action mechanism was studied by molecular docking.

Results:

Twenty compounds exhibited specific inhibitory activity against IMP-1 with an IC50 value
in the range of 3.1-62.5 μM. Eight of the compounds can restore the antibacterial efficacy of
cefazolin against E. coli BL21 strain producing IMP-1 by 2-4 fold. ITC monitoring showed that 1c
exhibited dose-dependent inhibition on IMP-1. Docking studies revealed that the triazole group in
1c and 2d played an essential role in the inhibition activity. Cytotoxicity assay showed that 1c and
2d have low toxicity in L929 mouse fibroblastic cells.

Conclusion: :

The triazolylthioacetamides are efficient inhibitors of IMP-1 in vitro and in vivo.
Anti-convulsant Action and Attenuation of Oxidative Stress by Citrus limon Peel Extracts in PTZ and MES Induced Convulsion in Albino Rats
Authors: Sahu Dipika R. , Chowdhury Bimalendu , Sahoo Biswa M.
Published: September 2020

Background:

Citrus limon a small evergreen plant belongs to the family Rutaceae. These
species are extensively cultivated throughout the world because of their multiple health benefits
for humans and their applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Various studies
were conducted using their plant parts (fruits, flowers, peels, leaves, blossoms) but the studies on
peel extracts are very limited. However, the anticonvulsant activity of peels has not been studied
yet.

Objective:

The main goal of this study is to appraise the anticonvulsant effect stimulated by the antioxidant
property of hydroalcoholic extracts of Citrus limon (HAECL) peels in various animal
models.

Methods:

The anticonvulsant and in vivo antioxidant activity of HAECL peels was observed by
Maximal electric shock (MES) model, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced clonic convulsion model
and PTZ induced kindling test. The extract was administered to test groups at doses of 200, 400
and 600 mg/kg. orally in PTZ and MES methods. The highest dose of extract was given to the test
grouped animals in case of a kindling test. After completion of the time period of kindling, the
brains of all grouped animals were isolated and subjected to analyse oxidative stress parameters
such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione
(GSH) biochemically to investigate the antioxidant profile of the plant.

Results:

HAECL peels at doses of 400 and 600 mg/kg significantly (p<0.01) delayed the onset, decreased
the duration of myoclonic spasm in PTZ induced seizure model and also significantly
(p<0.01) decreased the duration of hind limb tonic extension (HLTE) as well as significantly
(p<0.05) increased the postictal depression (PID) in MES model compared to control. In the PTZinduced
kindling model, the malondialdehyde (MDA) level was elevated with a diminished level
of SOD, CAT, GSH compared to the control group but pretreatment with HAECL at the highest
dose reduced the MDA level and refined SOD, CAT and GSH status effectively.

Conclusion:

From the above investigation, it was concluded that HAECL could produce significant
anticonvulsant activity and also attenuate oxidative stress-induced during a seizure.
Covid-19: Pathophysiology; Mechanism of Transmission and Possible Molecular Drug Target for Management
Authors: Bala Asis , Sengupta Abhijit , Matsabisa Motlalepula G. , Chabalala Hlupheka P.
Published: September 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Coronaviruses 2 (SARS-CoV-2). At present, it is a potentially fatal disease and is of great
global public health concern. The pathophysiological understanding of the mode of transmission of
COVID-9 and the possible molecular targets are exploring successively to fight against this contagious
disease. In this pandemic situation, a large number of countries have been forced to do social
distancing and lockdown. The two main pathways of SARS-CoV-2 transmission include (1) droplet
infection via the respiratory secretions or by close person to person contact, whereas (2) faecal
to oral route transmission is also possible. Thus, the route of entry of SARS-CoV-2 is through the
nasal and or oral cavity. Here, we briefly reviewed the current knowledge about COVID-19, considering
the potential explanation of the mode of transmission and the different possible molecular
drug targets. We highlighted potential approaches to address the antiviral therapy inhibiting the replication
of SARS-CoV-2 in the host targeting (a.) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (b.) serine
protease and (c.) proteolytic activation pathways or the cell membrane receptor called the angiotensin-
converting enzyme-2 (ACE2). The recently exercised immuno-enhancement therapy to
fight against SARS-CoV-2 and treatment strategy using drug combination are also explored here in
this review.
Stock Market Prediction Based on Technical-Deviation-ROC Indicators
Using Stock and Feeds Data
Authors: Paul P. Victer , N. Deepika
Published: September 2020

Background:

The attempt of this research is to propose a novel approach for the efficient prediction of stock
prices. The scope of this research extends by including the feature of sentiment analysis using the emotions and opinions
carried by social media platforms. The research also analyzes of impact of social media, feeds data and Technical
indicators on stock prices for the design of prediction model.

Objectives:

The goal of this research is to analyze and compare the models to predict stock trend by adjusting the feature
set.

Method:

The basic technical and new momentum, volatility indicators are calculated for the benchmark index values of
stock. The text summarization applied on collected day wise tweets for a particular company then performed sentiment
analysis to get sentiment value. All these collected features were integrated to form the final dataset and accuracy
comparisons were made by experimenting the algorithms- Support vector machine (SVM), Backpropogation and Long
short-term memory (LSTM).

Results:

The execution is carried out for each algorithm with 30 epochs. It is observed that the SVM exhibits 2.78%,
Backpropogation exhibits 5.02% and LSTM exhibits10.30 % enhanced performance than the prediction model designed
using basic technical indicators. And along with human sentiment the SVM provides 5.48%, Backpropogation 5.28% and
LSTM 0.07% better accuracy. The standard deviation results are for SVM 1.59, for back propagation 2.46, and LSTM
0.19.

Conclusion:

The experimental results show that the standard deviation of LSTM is less than the SVM and back
propagation algorithms. Hence obtaining the steady accuracy is highly possible with LSTM.
Anterolateralni sindrom sraza
Authors: Mokrović Hrvoje , Komen Simona
Published: September 2020

Anterolateralni mekotkivni sindrom sraza gležnja je stanje kod kojeg dolazi do uklještenja kronično upalno promijenjenih hipertrofiranih mekih tkiva unutar zgloba između prednjega ruba tibije i vrata talusa pri dorzalnoj fleksiji stopala. Predstavlja jedan od češćih uzroka kroničnog bola u gležnju zaostalih nakon ozljede. Javlja se kao komplikacija uganuća gležnja u 1 do 2 % slučajeva. Ozljeda ligamenata i prednje zglobne kapsule, kao i okolnog masnog tkiva, dovodi do lokalne upalne reakcije tkiva te zbog ponavljajuće mikrotraume do kroničnog sinovitisa uz hiperplaziju i fibrozu mekih tkiva. Dijagnoza se temelji na anamnezi i kliničkom pregledu te rendgenološkoj obradi, upotpunjenima ultrazvučnom pretragom i magnetskom rezonancijom (MR). U većini slučajeva anterolateralni mekotkivni sraz zahtijeva operacijsko liječenje. Artroskopija gležnja predstavlja zlatni standard u operacijskom liječenju.
Detección de anticuerpos contra Neospora caninum en caninos del área urbana y rural de Cumaral, Meta-Colombia
Authors: Méndez-Ramírez Paula Sofia , Marín-Henao Julián , Gongora-Orjuela Agustin , Parra-Arango Jorge , Piedrahita Diego , Chaparro-Gutiérrez Jenny
Published: September 2020

Objetivo. Estimar la seroprevalencia a Neospora caninum en caninos del área urbana y rural de Cumaral, Meta y determinar algunos factores de riesgo asociados a la seropositividad. Materiales y métodos. Se efectuó un estudio transversal en 222 perros (112 perros del área urbana y 110 del área rural). El tamaño de la muestra fue calculado en el programa Epidat v. 3.1. Los sueros sanguíneos fueron analizados mediante la técnica de Inmunofluorescencia Indirecta para IgG con un kit comercial. Los análisis de frecuencias, chi-cuadrado, fueron realizados mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS v. 25.0 Resultados. La seroprevalencia general fue 36.9% (IC95%: 30.9-43.5 %). La seropositividad entre los grupos fue: urbana (38.4 %) y rural (35.5%) (p>0.05), machos (36.9%) y hembras (36.9%) (p >0.05); en cachorros (32.7%), jóvenes (40.0%) y adultos (37.4%) (p>0.05), en contacto con predios pecuarios (40.7%) y sin contacto (35.2%) (p>0.05). Conclusiones. La seroprevalencia observada fue alta en las dos poblaciones analizadas y sugiere que los caninos han estado en contacto con el parásito, posiblemente por diferentes fuentes de infección que requieren ser estudiadas posteriormente.
Assessment of variability of soil Infiltration Characteristics in Forage Cover
Authors: AHMED AKRAM , PAL A. K. , PANDEY V. K. , PRASAD MAHENDRA , UPADHYAYA ASHUTOSH
Published: September 2020

In India, very limited knowledge of soil infiltration characteristics in forages are available. In this study, infiltration characteristics of land covered by six forages have been studied with respect to bare land in sandy loam soil. Two empirical (Kostiakov and Horton) and two physically-based (Phillip and Green‒Ampt) models have been employed to estimate infiltration characteristics and compared with observed field infiltration data. The steady-state infiltration rates measured in forages and bare land were significantly (p less than 0.05) different. The highest average steady-state infiltration rate was measured in Panicum maximum (9.00 cm h-1) followed by TSH (7.40 cm h-1) and least was recorded in Cenchrus ciliaris (2.65 cm h-1) whereas the average steady-state infiltration rate recorded for bare land was 1.90 cm h-1. Results showed that the Kostiakov and Phillip model simulated the field infiltration characteristics with higher accuracy than the two other models except for Chrysopogonfulvus and bare land in which the Horton model outperformed other models. Higher steady-state infiltration rates in forages were attributed to more porosity measured in the soils under forages as compared to bare land.
Technology-Enabled Health Care Collaboration in Pediatric Chronic Illness: Pre-Post Interventional Study for Feasibility, Acceptability, and Clinical Impact of an Electronic Health Record–Linked Platform for Patient-Clinician Partnership
Authors: Opipari-Arrigan Lisa , Dykes Dana M H , Saeed Shehzad A , Thakkar Sunny , Burns Lisa , Chini Barbara A , McPhail Gary L , Eslick Ian , Margolis Peter A , Kaplan Heather C
Published: September 2020

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) technology has the potential to support the Chronic Care Model’s vision of closed feedback loops and patient-clinician partnerships.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and short-term impact of an electronic health record–linked mHealth platform (Orchestra) supporting patient and clinician collaboration through real-time, bidirectional data sharing.

Methods

We conducted a 6-month prospective, pre-post, proof-of-concept study of Orchestra among patients and parents in the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) clinics. Participants and clinicians used Orchestra during and between visits to complete and view patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures and previsit plans. Surveys completed at baseline and at 3- and 6-month follow-up visits plus data from the platform were used to assess outcomes including PRO completion rates, weekly platform use, disease self-efficacy, and impact on care. Analyses included descriptive statistics; pre-post comparisons; Pearson correlations; and, if applicable, effect sizes.

Results

We enrolled 92 participants (CF: n=52 and IBD: n=40), and 73% (67/92) completed the study. Average PRO completion was 61%, and average weekly platform use was 80%. Participants reported improvement in self-efficacy from baseline to 6 months (7.90 to 8.44; P=.006). At 6 months, most participants reported that the platform was useful (36/40, 90%) and had a positive impact on their care, including improved visit quality (33/40, 83%), visit collaboration (35/40, 88%), and visit preparation (31/40, 78%). PRO completion was positively associated with multiple indicators of care impact at 3 and 6 months.

Conclusions

Use of an mHealth tool to support closed feedback loops through real-time data sharing and patient-clinician collaboration is feasible and shows indications of acceptability and promise as a strategy for improving pediatric chronic illness management.
The swallowing telerehabilitation in COVID-19 (Preprint)
Authors: Mano Tomoo , Soyama Shigeto
Published: September 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Direct swallowing rehabilitation is not recommended for patients who is positive or suspected for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2（SARS-CoV-2），because SARS-CoV-2 is extremely infectious and may transmit to the individual performing rehabilitation. Some of patients in the intensive care unit and on mechanical ventilation undergo the swallowing difficulty. To feed normally again and be discharged, an assessment of dysphagia and eventual targeted swallowing training by specialized rehabilitation professionals are provided. We analysis the benefit of telerehabilitation, and we experienced the case with COVID-19 of contactless swallowing rehabilitation using video conference software on the tablet-type devices. Telerehabilitation offers the risk reduction of infection and the prevention the shortage of personal protective equipment. Protecting the medical staff from nosocomial infection of COVID-19 is therefore extremely important, and we suggest telerehabilitation as a useful approach in the swallowing rehabilitation.
COVID-19: Time-Dependent Effective Reproduction Number and Sub-notification Effect Estimation Modeling (Preprint)
Authors: De Carvalho Eduardo Atem , De Carvalho Rogerio Atem
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers and health authorities have sought to identify the different parameters that govern their infection and death cycles, in order to be able to make better decisions. In particular, a series of reproduction number estimation models have been presented, with different practical results.

OBJECTIVE

This article aims to present an effective and efficient model for estimating the Reproduction Number and to discuss the impacts of sub-notification on these calculations.

METHODS

The concept of Moving Average Method with Initial value (MAMI) is used, as well as a model for Rt, the Reproduction Number, is derived from experimental data. The models are applied to real data and their performance is presented.

RESULTS

Analyses on Rt and sub-notification effects for Germany, Italy, Sweden, United Kingdom, South Korea, and the State of New York are presented to show the performance of the methods here introduced.

CONCLUSIONS

We show that, with relatively simple mathematical tools, it is possible to obtain reliable values for time-dependent, incubation period-independent Reproduction Numbers (Rt). We also demonstrate that the impact of sub-notification is relatively low, after the initial phase of the epidemic cycle has passed.
Uji Validitas dan Efikasi Crypto/Giardia Duo-Strip dalam Mendeteksi Cryptosporidium spp. di Desa Tulehu, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah, Provinsi Maluku
Authors: Kusumasari Rizqiani Amalia , Syairaji Muh.
Published: September 2020

Latar    Belakang: Cryptosporidium spp. adalah salah satu enteropatogen pada manusia dan umumnya ditemui terutama pada anak-anak di negara berkembang. Prevalensi Cryptosporidium spp. di Indonesia masih belum diketahui dan penelitian terkait juga masih sangat jarang. Saat ini, beberapa perusahaan telah mengembangkan tes diagnostik sederhana dan cepat untuk mendeteksi infeksi Cryptosporidium spp. tetapi informasi mengenai keakuratannya pada kondisi di Indonesia masih belum diketahui.  Tujuan: Mengetahui validitas alat Crypto/Giardia Duo-Strip dan prevalensi Cryptosporidium spp. pada salah satu wilayah pedesaan di timur Indonesia.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong-lintang dan dilakukan tahun 2015. Sampel tinja dikumpulkan dari seluruh masyarakat di desa Hurnala, Maluku Tengah. Validitas (Sensitifitas, Spesifisitas) dan Efikasi (Nilai Prediktif Positif dan Negatif) dari Crypto/Giardia Duo-Strip dinilai menggunakan Modified acid-fast staining sebagai standar referensi. Hasil: Dari 731 sampel tinja, terdapat 261 sampel positif Cryptosporidium spp. menggunakan Modified acid-fast staining dan 204 sampel positif menggunakan Crypto/Giardia Duo-Strip. Sensitivitas, Spesifisitas, PPV, dan NPV Crypto/Giardia Duo-Strip masing-masing sebesar 38.78%, 78.99%, 35.77%, 69.64% dengan Likelihood Ratio+ (LR+): 1.77 and (LR-): 0.79.  Kesimpulan: Prevalensi infeksi Cryptosporidium spp. di desa Hurnala, Maluku Tengah cukup tinggi yaitu 36% (261/731). Kemampuan alat Crypto/Giardia Duo-Strip masih relatif rendah untuk mendeteksi Cryptosporidium spp. di wilayah Indonesia.
Pre-Processing and Surface Reconstruction of Points Cloud Based on Chord Angle Algorithm Technique
Authors: Albdairy Ali M. , Al-Duroobi Ahmed A. A. , Tawfiq Maan A.
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Although the rapid development in reverse engineering techniques, 3D laser scanners can be considered the modern technology used to digitize the 3D objects, but some troubles may be associate this process due to the environmental noises and limitation of the used scanners. So, in the present paper a data pre-processing algorithm has been proposed to obtain the necessary geometric features and mathematical representation of scanned object from its point cloud which obtained using 3D laser scanner (Matter and Form) through isolating the noised points. The proposed algorithm based on continuous calculations of chord angle between each adjacent pair of points in point cloud. A MATLAB program has been built to perform the proposed algorithm which implemented using a suggested case studies with cylinder and dome shape. The resulted point cloud from application the proposed algorithm and result of surface fitting for the case studies has been proved the proficiency of the proposed chord angle algorithm in pre-processing of data points and clean the point cloud, where the percent of data which was ignored as noisy data points according to proposed chord angle algorithm was arrived to (81.52%) and (75.01%)of total number of data points in point cloud for first and second case study respectively.
Características citológicas previas al diagnóstico de cáncer de cérvix en mujeres de Medellín (Colombia)
Authors: Osorio-Castaño Jhon H. , Pérez-Villa Marjorie , Montoya-Zapata Claudia P. , Cardona-Restrepo Fernando A.
Published: September 2020

Introducción: Actualmente, el cáncer de cérvix sigue siendo una enfermedad importante por su incidencia y mortalidad. Aunque se conoce su etiología generada por la infección del virus del Papiloma Humano (PVH) y sus métodos de tamizaje como la citología convencional y el test de ADN-PVH, aún es necesario reconocer diversas características que se relacionan con la aparición de este tipo de cáncer. Objetivo: Describir las características citológicas previas al diagnóstico de cáncer cervical en mujeres de una institución de salud de la ciudad de Medellín. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo. Se tomaron los registros clínicos correspondientes a mujeres con diagnóstico confirmado de cáncer de cérvix entre 2012 y 2017 y se revisaron los resultados de citología previos al diagnóstico. Se realizó análisis univariado para describir las variables de estudio. Resultados: La muestra de mujeres con cáncer fue de 714, la mediana de edad fue 51 años (rango intercuartílico: 42-60), la alteración citológica más frecuente fue lesión intraepitelial de alto grado (33,8%), el principal cáncer diagnosticado fue carcinoma escamocelular (70,6%). Conclusiones: Los resultados de citología alteradas son un indicador para riesgo de cáncer de cérvix, de ahí la importancia de continuar con el protocolo de tamizaje establecido.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Durian (Durio zibethinus (Linn.)) sebagai Antihiperurisemia
Authors: Sonia Rela , Yusnelti Yusnelti , Fitrianingsih Fitrianingsih
Published: September 2020

Durian (Durio zibethinus Linn.) leaves are known to inhibit the xanthine oxidase enzyme which can reduce uric acid levels in the blood. The purpose of study is to determine the effectiveness of ethanol extracts of durian leaves in reducing uric acid levels in hyperuricemic mice. The mice were induced with chicken’s liver juice 0,2 mL/20 gBW and potassium oxonate 250 mg/kgBW. The animals were mice with uric acid levels above 3,3 mg/dL or 6,2-7,1 mg/dL. The study was used a completely randomized design (CRD) with six treatments and three replications, with three mice in each replications. The treatments group were K+: Allopurinol 10 mg/kgBW; K-: CMC-Na 0.5%; extracts in group P1,P2, P3, P4 are 50; 100; 200; 250 mg/kgBW. The measurements of uric acid levels were performed on day-0, day-6 after induction, and day-15 after administering each group. The data obtained were analyzed by One Way Anova test followed by Duncan's Post Hoc further test. The results showed that durian leaves could reduce uric acid levels in mice blood with the highest percentage reduction was in P2 (100 mg/kgBW) group of 40,53%, followed by P1 (50 mg/kgBW) of 38,68%. The lowest percentage was in the P4 group (250 mg/kgBW) of 22,36%, followed by the P3 group (200 mg/kgBW) of 27,71% and the ED50 value was 61,65 mg/kgBW. In conclusion, ethanol extracts of durian leaves has a significant effect on decreasing total uric acid levels in mice and has potential as an antihyperuricemia agent.
Nota do editor
Authors: González Rodrigo Stumpf
Published: September 2020

Nota do editor
U.S. Public Accounting Practice and Intergenerational Occupation Transfer 1850–1870
Authors: Roberts Diane H.
Published: September 2020

“Accountant” and “Accountant, Public” listings in New York and Philadelphia city directories from 1850 to 1870 were used to explore accountants' practice conditions and whether their children also became accountants. Children are likely to pursue parental occupations if economic conditions experienced during childhood are positive. Record linkage methodology connected the accountants in Littleton's (1942) compilation of 123 accountant city directory listings and the additional 21 accountants located during research with census and other records showing occupation and kinship information. While no elite accountant community existed, successful accountants remained accountants and passed their accountant occupation onto sons. Other accountants successfully changed occupations and their sons adopted those jobs. Overall, 36 percent of these accountants were immigrants, with more immigrants in New York. Professional organizations, credentialing legislation, and other professional characteristics were not in place. Accounting education institutions were established and textbooks authored in both cities.