bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Për një riformulim të parimeve të drejtshkrimit
Authors: Spiro Aristotel
Published: December 2023

Rishikimi i drejtshkrimit shihet parimisht si diçka e vetëkuptueshme, por praktikisht krijon probleme shumë të mëdha dhe shpeshherë të pakapërcyeshme. Bashkësia e përdoruesve të gjuhës kërkon një mjet komunikimi jo vetëm të përbashkët, jo vetëm të motivueshëm nga ana sistematike gjuhësore, por edhe të qëndrueshëm në pikëpamje kodifikuese komunikative. Pas miratimit të Rregullave të “Drejtshkrimit të gjuhës shqipe” (1972), ato janë shndërruar praktikisht në një ligj të detyrueshëm për të gjithë përdoruesit e gjuhës. Kjo “tirani shkrimi” (Saussure 1983: 31) është e pashmangshme, nëse shoqëria dëshiron që të ketë një kod të përbashkët e të qëndrueshëm komunikimi.
Konferencë shkencore “kontributi i Prof. Seit Mansakut në gjuhësinë shqiptare”
Authors: Omari Anila
Published: December 2023

Më 27 maj 2022 Instituti i Gjuhësisë dhe i Letërsisë i ASA-s në bashkëpunim me Universitetin “Eqrem Çabej” të Gjirokastrës organizuan një konferencë kushtuar kontributit shkencor të prof. Seit Mansakut në 80-vjetorin e lindjes së tij. Në konferencë morën pjesë aktive një numër i madh kumtuesish, profesorë në pension por aktivë në jetën shkencore, kolegë të vjetër e më të rinj të prof. Mansakut, ish studentë të tij dhe sot studiues të albanologjisë. Ishin të pranishëm edhe të afërm, miq e dashamirës të prof. Mansakut. Fjalën e hapjes e mbajti prof.as.dr. Adelina Çerpja, përgjegjëse e Departamentit të Gramatikës në IGJL, e cila mbasi përshëndeti pjesëmarrësit dhe u uroi mirëseardhjen,vlerësoi lart figurën shkencore dhe njerëzore të prof. Seitit dhe ndikimin e tij në studimet albanologjike.
Prof. Dr. Gëzim Rredhi (1960-2022)
Authors: Shehu Merita
Published: December 2023

Gëzim Rredhi ka lindur më 07.01.1960 në fshatin Arrëz e Vogël të Tepelenës. Mësimet e para i mori në vendlindje e më pas vijoi në shkollën e mesme pedagogjike “Pandeli Sotiri” në Gjirokastër. Studimet e larta i kreu për Gjuhë dhe letërsi shqipe në Universitetin “Luigj Gurakuqi” në Shkodër në vitin 1982. Më pas punoi me përkushtim në disa sektorë të kulturës dhe arsimit në rrethin e Tepelenës si inspektor për kulturën, drejtor i shkollës së mesme të bashkuar në Maricaj, Inspektor në kabinetin pedagogjik e më pas inspektor në drejtorinë arsimore.

Në vitin 1994 fillon angazhimin si pedagog me kohë të plotë në Departamentin e Letërsisë, Fakulteti i Edukimit dhe Shkencave Shoqërore, në Universitetin “Eqrem Çabej”, Gjirokastër. Studimet pasuniversitare i kreu pranë Fakultetit Histori dhe Filologji, Departamenti i Letërsisë, në Universitetin e Tiranës gjatë viteve 2001- 2003. Në vitin 2005 merr gradën shkencore “Doktor i shkencave në Letërsi” me temën “ Proza e Alberto Moravias mes psikoanalizës dhe neorealizmit”. Në vitin 2011 merr titullin “Profesor i asociuar” dhe në vitin 2015 titullin “Profesor”, duke plotësuar kështu profilin e tij si pedagog dhe studiues.
Shqipja letrare si koine mbidialektore
Authors: Lafe Emil
Published: December 2023

Në artikull diskutohet teza e prof. A. Kostallarit se shqipja standarde përfaqëson një koine letrare sui generis dhe jo një varietet letrar që në rrethana të caktuara mori funksionet e gjuhës standarde. Autori pajtohet me këtë pikëpamje dhe përpiqet ta argumentojë më tej duke marrë në shqyrtim rrethanat jashtëgjuhësore (historike, fetare, arsimore-kulturore) dhe rrethanat gjuhësore që kanë përcaktuar ecurinë e zhvillimit të shqipes letrare. Lidhur me mbështetjen e shqipes standarde mbi variantin letrar të toskërishtes autori vlerëson dy arsye kryesore: nga njëra anë, një afri më e madhe e brendshme e të folmeve të saj (sidomos të toskërishtes së mirëfilltë), dhe nga ana tjetër, një epërsi e theksuar e trevave jugore nga pikëpamja e gjendjes kulturore-arsimore, që pati si pasojë edhe epërsinë e atyre trevave në jetën politike e intelektuale. Shqipja e sotme standarde përfaqëson një zhvillim organik të koinesë letrare toske, e cila përthithi elemente të rëndësishme heterodialektore, veçanërisht në vitet ’50–’60, duke u shndërruar nga një koine brenda dialektit të jugut, në një koine me elemente edhe prej dialektit të veriut.
Konferencë shkencore “studime letrare në proces, perspektiva e qasje të reja zhvillimi”
Authors: Paci Evalda
Published: December 2023

Më datën 29 qershor 2023, pranë Muzeut Arkeologjik të Akademisë së Studimeve Albanologjike u mbajt konferenca shkencore “Studime letrare në proces, perspektiva e qasje të reja zhvillimi”, si një veprimtari e përvitshme e organizuar nga Departamenti i Studimeve Letrare i Institutit të Gjuhësisë dhe të Letërsisë. Në fjalën e saj të hapjes, prof. as. dr. Evalda Paci, përgjegjëse e Departamentit të Studimeve Letrare iu referua tematikave të lëvruara ndër vite në kuadër të kësaj konference, që përkojnë me një sërë iniciativash kërkimore e bashkëpunimesh me të tjera institucione të kërkimit shkencor në vendin tonë. Në fjalën e tij përshëndetëse, drejtori i Institutit të Gjuhësisë dhe të Letërsisë (ASA), prof. dr. Artur Lama nënvizoi rëndësinë e mbajtjes së kësaj konference shkencore dhe prirjet e shprehura në kontributet që janë reflektuar në vijimësinë e saj.
Botimet folklorike shqiptare ne shekullin XIX shprehje e ndërgjegjes kombëtare
Authors: Fico Agron
Published: December 2023

Në shekuliin XIX. në luftën çlirimtare të popullit shqiptar, u shënua një kthesë me rëndësi. Ndryshe nga shekujt e mëparshëm, qysh në gjysmën e parë të shekullit XIX. në kryengritjet e popullit shqiptar jilloi të depërtojë ndërgjegja e Luftës nacionalçlirimtare për një shtet shqiptar më vete. Kjo ndërgjegje e re erdhi duke u zhvi- lluar përherë e më tepër: ajo nxiti veprimtarinë politike, shoqërore e kulturale të vendit, vuri në lëvizje tërë klasat dhe shtresat shoqërore të Shqipërisë. Në këtë kohë, idetë iluministe, që po fitonin gjith- një e më tepër truall në Ballkan. patën edhe në Shqipëri një jehonë të rëndësishme; ato ishin një goditje e fortë kundër sundimit të ideo- logjisë mesjetare. Iluministët ballkanas theksonin nevojën e flakjes së gjuhëve kishëtare: greqishtes dhe sllavishtes së vjetër, të përtë- rit.ies së gjuhës amtare të popujve dhe të mbështeljes né thesarin e traditane popullore. si bazë për zhvillimin e mëtejshëm të ndërgjegjes së tyre kombëtare.
Do të hartohet një fjalor i madh i gjuhës Shqipe
Authors: Shehu Hajri
Published: December 2023

Do të jetë një Fjalor me rreth 100 000 fjalë. Në rrethet tona gjuhësore, ky Fjalor është kërkuar që në vitin 2007. Madje, qe hartuar edhe një projekt. Por projekti nuk mori rrugë, siç u komentua atëherë, për arsye financiare. Kemi rastin të vlerësojmë shumë nismën dhe ngulmimin e Akademisë së sotme të Shkencave dhe posaçërisht, të Kryetarit të saj, profesor Skënder Gjinushit për vendimin për të hartuar dhe botuar një Fjalor të madh kombëtar të gjuhës shqipe. Fjalori do të jetë dyfish kombëtar. Më së pari, sepse do të përshkruajë gjuhën e kombit, por edhe sepse në këtë punë e në këtë vepër janë bashkatare Tirana, Prishtina, Arbëreshía. Drejtues i ekipit është akademik profesor doktor Jani Thomai. Një si historik: Në punë fjalorësh kemi një traditë të vyer më se 385-vjeçare. Për fjalorë dygjuhësh e terminologjikë mund të krahasohemi me vende të zhvilluara europiane: Fjalori i parë latinisht-anglisht është botuar më 1588. Fjalori i parë latinisht-shqip është botuar më 1635 / nga Frang Bardhi (vetëm 47 vjet ndërmjet). Janë botuar më se 150 fjalorë terminologjikë shqip-gjuhë e huaj e gjuhë e huaj-shqip. Fjalori i parë kombëtar i gjuhës shqipe – Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe i Kostandin Kristoforidhit është botuar më 1904. 50 vjet më pas, më 1954 është botuar nga Instituti i Shkencave Fjalori tjetër kombëtar – Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe. Vitet 1980-2000 kanë sjellë të tjerë Fjalorë kombëtarë: Më 1980 u botua Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe; më 1984, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2020 – edhe fjalorë të tjerë. Fjalori më i fundit, që sapo ka dalë nga shtypi, me rreth 35 000 fjalë, është për shkollat.
Du Chili d’Allende au Québec : inspirations et parcours du Réseau des politisés chrétiens (1969‑1972)*
Authors: Foisy Catherine , Genois-Lefrançois Christophe
Published: December 2023

En se focalisant sur les influences qu’a eues le christianisme révolutionnaire des Cristianos por el socialismo (CPS) chiliens sur le groupe québécois du Réseau des politisés chrétiens (RPC), cet article veut fournir un exemple probant de la radicalisation du catholicisme québécois au tournant des années 1970. Le RPC a su s’approprier et contextualiser, à la réalité québécoise, les lignes de force de l’analyse proposée par les CPS chiliens. Cet article veut aussi enrichir la cartographie transnationale du catholicisme québécois contemporain, en illustrant l’importance de prendre en compte les contributions ecclésiales, politiques et théologiques d’Amérique latine dans notre compréhension des transformations du catholicisme québécois, opérées depuis le début des années 1960.
Elementos de economía circular en el campo del mueble curvado: el papel del diseño
Authors: Vives Chillida Julio Andrés
Published: December 2023

El mueble curvado, un tipo específico de mobiliario por su método de fabricación, es también un campo de estudio que puede abordarse desde diferentes disciplinas. La presente comunicación trata el mueble curvado, -su diseño, fabricación y consumo- desde la perspectiva de lo que se conoce como economía circular.
The Letters of Phalaris, between Manuscripts and Editio Princeps
Authors: Marquis Émeline
Published: December 2023

This article deals with the letters of Phalaris, a large corpus of 148 letters
contained in the second volume of the Aldine edition of the Greek
epistolographers. It explores the role of the Aldine edition in the transmission
of these letters and mainly focuses on its sources. Building on the works of
Lauri Tudeer and Martin Sicherl, it determines the text on which the Aldine
edition is based and its position within the manuscript tradition, while
stressing the remaining uncertainties: the Aldine is an editorial construction,
conflating the text of two different classes of manuscripts with the text of the
editio princeps from 1498; its main sources are a close
parent to the now-lost London, British Library, Harley MS 5610 and a copy of the
manuscript Heidelberg, Universitätsbibliothek, Cod. Pal. graec. 356 (and
not necessarily the antigraph of Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Pal.
gr. 134 as Sicherl thought); Marcus Musurus might have used another corrective
manuscript.
Getting bacterial cells into shape
Authors: Bapat Mrinmayee , Pande Vani , Gayathri Pananghat
Published: December 2023

The conformational state of a structural protein in bacteria can vary, depending on the concentration level of potassium ions or the nucleotide bound to it.
Understanding the role of exosomal lncRNAs in rheumatic diseases: a review
Authors: Chen Ruofei , Zhou Dongqing , Chen Yangfan , Chen Mingwei , Shuai Zongwen
Published: December 2023

Rheumatic diseases, a group of diseases whose etiology is still unclear, are thought to be related to genetic and environmental factors, leading to complex pathogenesis. Based on their multi-system involvement, the diagnosis and treatment continue to face huge challenges. Whole-genome assays provide a distinct direction for understanding the underlying mechanisms of such diseases. Exosomes, nano-sized bilayer membrane vesicles secreted by cells, are mentioned as a key element in the physiological and pathological processes of the body. These exosomes mediate biologically active substances, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids and deliver them to cells. Notably, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a unique class of non-coding RNAs, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases. However, the mechanism needs to be further explored. This article provided a comprehensive review of the findings on exosomal lncRNAs in rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune liver diseases, primary dermatomyositis, and systemic sclerosis. Through in-depth understanding of these lncRNAs and their involved signaling pathways provide new theoretical supports for the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic diseases.
Proteomic profiling of serum exosomes reveals acute phase response and promotion of inflammatory and platelet activation pathways in patients with heat stroke
Authors: Li Yue , Li Huan , Ma Wenjuan , Maegele Marc , Tang Youqing , Gu Zhengtao
Published: December 2023

Background: The pathological mechanism of heat stroke (HS) involves the acute phase response, unbalanced immunological/inflammatory reactions, and coagulation initiation, especially platelet activation. Although exosomes contain proteins involved in these biological processes, their protein cargo levels and potential roles in HS remain unknown. This study explored the serum exosome protein expression patterns after HS and their potential roles in the pathogenesis of HS.

Methods: Blood samples were collected from ten patients diagnosed with HS upon admission to the intensive care unit (six with severe HS and four with mild HS). Samples from six healthy volunteers were included as control. Using ultracentrifugation, exosomes were prudently isolated, and their protein contents were profiled using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification-based proteomics.

Results: Compared with healthy volunteers, patients with HS showed significant changes in the levels of 33 exosomal proteins (23 upregulated and 10 downregulated). The most upregulated proteins included serum amyloid A-1 (SAA-1), von Willebrand factor (vWF), S100A8, and histone H3. In addition, SAA-1, vWF, platelet membrane glycoprotein, S100A8, and histone H3 were more enriched in the exosomes from patients with severe HS than from those with mild HS. Gene ontology analysis revealed that the HS-modulated exosomal proteins were mostly related to inflammatory response, including the acute-phase response, platelet activation/degranulation, and innate immune response. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment of proteins in the IL-17 signaling pathway, platelet activation, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, among others. Several serum exosomal proteins, including SAA-1, vWF, and S100A8, which are related to the acute phase, inflammatory response, and platelet activation, were confirmed to be elevated in patients with HS, and were significantly correlated with disease severity, organ dysfunction, and death.

Conclusion: Overall, this study explores the potential role of the serum exosomal proteome in the inflammatory response and platelet activation in HS, suggests the pathological mechanisms underlying HS-induced injuries, and recommends reliable exosomal biomarkers for predicting HS prognosis.
In memoriam: David William Foster
Authors: Hind Emily
Published: December 2023

The loss of our beloved colleague, David William Foster, leaves us with the enduring contribution of his mentoring legacy and an almost incredible amount of groundbreaking publications. The staggering quantity and quality of books, articles, translations, and reviews that Professor Foster wrote over some fifty years helps us to think about LGBTQ and Jewish themes in a sweeping range of Latin American texts, from print literature to film to photographs, and shows especially profound expertise in cultural production issuing from Brazil and Argentina. [ . . . ]
The Mobile Zero of Its Mouth
Authors: Heffes Gisela
Published: December 2023

These selected poems were first published by Katakana Editores in 2020.
An Analysis of Violence Against Women in Anne Perry’s Midnight at Marble Arch
Authors: Mayne-Nicholls Alida
Published: December 2023

The female victim is not a rare element in crime novels. And Anne Perry’s Midnight at Marble Arch is not an exception; actually, there are two female rape victims. This paper proposes analysing how this story can be read in the context of the #MeToo movement against assault and sexual harassment. To do so, the article will review two aspects: the construction of the victims, and the representations of the investigators.
Agatha Christie’s The Mousetrap: Adaptation and the Repeat (Murder) Performance
Authors: Neira Tiemann Anita
Published: December 2023

With little attention from the academic and critical world, Agatha Christie is considered to be one of the most popular authors in detective fiction. Possessing a recognizable style and admirably prolific, this paper will focus on her work as playwright and adapter of her own pieces. The works analysed are the short story “Three Blind Mice” and its transposition as a play for the stage The Mousetrap. Different concepts from reception and reading theories used commonly in the analysis of the formulae underlying detective fiction will be utilised in conjunction with notions of theatricality and the perception and reception of the stage, in order to understand the different effects and construction of both texts. Through the discussion of both short story and play, The Mousetrap is analysed considering its popularity and its belonging to the dramatic genre, hence performative, visual and aural. This will allow for a further understanding of Christie’s style and her rarely discussed expertise when it comes to crafting a play and a piece of detective fiction.
Knowledge Production in China’s Early Empires
Authors: Korolkov Maxim , Lander Brian
Published: December 2023

This paper examines how officials of the Qin (221–207 BCE) and Former Han (202 BCE–9 CE) empires gathered information on their far-flung domains. These empires were able to maintain control over large areas of the East Asian subcontinent because they had an effective system for obtaining information on the things that mattered most to them: people, land, resources, and transport. We have various sources on these information collection systems from both excavated and received texts. These can be considered to include not only maps, surveys, and population records, but also communication infrastructures such as roads, canals, and postal systems. The information-gathering systems of this period are important both because they worked relatively well and because they were recorded in the histories and became a model for later administrators.
Notes on the Fo yi jing 佛醫經 T793
Authors: Lin Qian , Radich Michael
Published: December 2023

The Fo yi jing 佛醫經 T793, a short text, discusses physical and mental health, presenting its content as the teachings of the Buddha. The Taishō presents the text as translated by Zhu Lüyan 竺律炎 and Zhi Qian 支謙 . We survey bibliographic records to propose that this attribution is unreliable. Using computer assisted analysis, we locate passages in the text possibly borrowed from early Chinese sources, among them most notably An Shigao’s 安世高 Jiu heng jing 九橫經 T150A(31) . These findings indicate that T793 was probably compiled in China on the basis of various sources. We also find that some basic early Buddhist teachings, such as the four nutriments (āhāra) and rules regarding the eating of meat, are misunderstood or misrepresented in T793 . Taking into account some terms and phrases in T793 that occur more frequently in translations in the Western Jin period, we suggest that T793 is likely a compilation made between the late third and early fourth centuries. It is thus probably one of the earliest extant Chinese compositions of this kind.
Review of The Sōushén Hòujì: Latter Notes on Collected Spirit Phenomena Attributed to Tao Yuanming (365–427)
Authors: Duffy Kay
Published: December 2023

The Sōushén Hòujì: Latter Notes on Collected Spirit Phenomena Attributed to Tao Yuanming (365–427). By Richard VanNess Simmons. New Haven, CT: American Oriental Society, 2022. Pp. xv + 132. $39.50 (paper), $32.50 (ebook).
Front Matter
Authors: Editors
Published: December 2023

Table of contents
Review of Ein Zeugnis des frühen kuschitischen Königtums: Die Stele SNM 1851 vom Jebel Barkal
Authors: Pope Jeremy
Published: December 2023

Ein Zeugnis des frühen kuschitischen Königtums: Die Stele SNM 1851 vom Jebel Barkal. By anhelika Lohwasser and Snne Sörgel. Meroitica, vol . 28 . Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2020. Pp. x + 248, illus. €78.
Review of The Enigma of the Hyksos, vol . 2: Transforming Egypt into the New Kingdom: The Impact of the Hyksos and Egyptian–Near Eastern Relations
Authors: Spalinger Anthony
Published: December 2023

The Enigma of the Hyksos, vol . 2: Transforming Egypt into the New Kingdom: The Impact of the Hyksos and Egyptian–Near Eastern Relations. By Anna-Latifa Mourad. Contributions to the Archaeology of Egypt, Nubia and the Levant, vol. 10. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2021 . Pp. 463, illus. €128.
Review of Vájra: Zur Schleuderwaffe im Rigveda
Authors: Whitaker Jarrod
Published: December 2023

Vájra: Zur Schleuderwaffe im Rigveda. By Walter Slaje. Studia Indologica Universitatis Halensis, vol. 21. Halle/Saale: Universitätsverlag Halle-Wittenberg, 2022. Pp. 110, illus. €69.
Spring and Autumn Historiography: Form and Hierarchy in Ancient Chinese Annals
Authors: Grebnev Yegor
Published: December 2023

Spring and Autumn Historiography: Form and Hierarchy in Ancient Chinese Annals. By Newell ann Van Auken. New York: Columbia UniversitY Press, 2023. Pp. xx + 328. $65.
Review of Mediation of Legitimacy in Early China: A Study of the Neglected Zhou Scriptures and the Grand Duke Traditions
Authors: Vogt Paul Nicholas
Published: December 2023

Mediation of Legitimacy in Early China: A Study of the Neglected Zhou Scriptures and the Grand Duke Traditions. By Yegor Grebnev. New York: Columbia University Press, 2022. Pp. 368. $65.
FOTOGRAFIAS DESPERTAM RELAÇÕES DA COMUNIDADE COM A CIDADE
Authors: Soares Raslan Eliane Meire
Published: December 2023

Este estudo analisa a dinâmica relacional do espaço físico da cidade de Divinópolis com os seus moradores, com auxílio da fotografia. Fotografias foram produzidas por alunos do curso de publicidade nesta tentativa de retratar objetos que representem o cotidiano da comunidade local. Em seguida a exposição fotográfica dessas fotos contemplou a participação da sociedade local a partir de blocos de notas disponibilizados nestes espaços. A linguagem discursiva visual destas fotos gerou caminhos que dialogam com o cotidiano local, constrói a memória coletiva e histórica da cidade. Percebemos que o registro cotidiano destes espaços físicos pode ganhar destaque a partir dos relatos da sociedade em convívio, algo presente no seu dia a dia, no simples caminhar pela cidade.
TEXTOS E IMAGENS DE IMPACTO: UMA CONVERSA ENTRE HARUN FAROCKI E VILÉM FLUSSER
Authors: Person Flávia
Published: December 2023

“Frases de impacto, imagens de impacto: uma conversa com Vilém Flusser” (1986), vídeo de autoria de Harun Farocki, é o ponto de partida para pensar os textos e as imagens nos diversos suportes de comunicação, como o jornal e o cinema. A obra é um documentário de curta-metragem que grava a conversa entre o diretor e o filósofo a respeito da análise conjunta da capa do jornal alemão Bild. Este artigo apresenta a influência dos livros do filosofo tcheco, que abrem o filme, - “Filosofia da caixa preta - Ensaios para uma futura filosofia da fotografia” e “O universo das imagens técnicas: o elogio da superficialidade” - no pensamento do cineasta e como o conceito de “imagens técnicas” de Flusser, o levou a cunhar o termo “imagens operacionais”.
Quantitative Analysis and Comparative Review of Dividend Policy Dynamics within the Banking Sector: Insights from Global and U.S. Financial Data and Existing Literature
Authors: Olaniyi Oluwaseun Oladeji , Shah Nishant Hemantkumar , Bahuguna Nidhi
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a comparative review of academic research on dividend policies and payments within the banking sector. Dividends represent a critical area of focus due to their implications for bank capital levels, profitability, regulatory compliance, and investor signaling. The literature reviewed spans pre- and post-2008 financial crisis periods and adopts both global and emerging market perspectives. Methodologies include regression analyses, causality tests, descriptive statistics, and financial ratio computations based on regulatory filings, financial statements, and market data datasets. Key findings demonstrate the multifaceted nature of bank dividend strategies, differences across countries, shifts during crises, and complex interplays with financial health metrics. The studies find evidence that dividends provide valuable signals to investors on earnings prospects, aligning with signaling theories. However, interpreting crisis-induced behaviors warrants caution due to short-term deviations. Opportunities exist for further analysis of cross-country variances, crisis responses, and linkages to bank stability. This comparative review enhances academic comprehension of bank dividend policies' motivations, outcomes, and determinants. It highlights the need for judicious balancing of stakeholder demands for returns and growth, an increasingly crucial endeavor amidst global uncertainty.
Traffic Optimization Through Waiting Prediction and Evolutive Algorithms
Authors: García Francisco , Hernández Helena , Moreno-García María N. , de Paz Santana Juan F. , López Vivian F. , Bajo Javier
Published: December 2023

Traffic optimization systems require optimization procedures to optimize traffic light timing settings in order to improve pedestrian and vehicle mobility. Traffic simulators allow obtaining accurate estimates of traffic behavior by applying different timing configurations, but require considerable computational time to perform validation tests. For this reason, this project proposes the development of traffic optimizations based on the estimation of vehicle waiting times through the use of different prediction techniques and the use of this estimation to subsequently apply evolutionary algorithms that allow the optimizations to be carried out. The combination of these two techniques leads to a considerable reduction in calculation time, which makes it possible to apply this system at runtime. The tests have been carried out on a real traffic junction on which different traffic volumes have been applied to analyze the performance of the system.
Optimizing the Electron Spin States of Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 Cathodes via Mn/F Dual‐Doping for Enhanced Sodium Storage
Authors: Xi Yukun , Wang Xiaoxue , Wang Hui , Wang Mingjun , Wang Guangjin , Peng Junqi , Hou Ningjing , Huang Xing , Cao Yanyan , Yang Zihao , Liu Dongzhu , Pu Xiaohua , Cao Guiqiang , Duan Ruixian , Li Wenbin , Wang Jingjing , Zhang Kun , Xu Kaihua , Zhang Jiujun , Li Xifei
Published: December 2023

A NASICON‐type Mn/F dual‐doping Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 cathode material is successfully synthesized via a spray drying method. A medium‐spin of Fe is measured by DFT calculation, X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), temperature‐dependent magnetization susceptibility (M−T) measurement, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) tests. It indicates that the eg orbital occupation of Fe2+ can be finely regulated, thus optimizing the bond strength between the oxidation and reduction processes. Furthermore, from UV−vis DRS and four‐point probe conductivity measurements, it can be seen that, after adjusting the electron spin states, the band gap of the material has decreased from 1.01 to 0.80 eV, and the electronic conductivity has increased from 8.5 to 24.4 µS cm−1, thereby leading to competitive electrochemical performance. The as‐optimized Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 displays both excellent rate performance (121.0 and 104.9 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and 5 C, respectively) and outstanding cycling stability (88.5% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 1 C). The results indicate that this low‐cost Mn/F dual‐doping Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 cathode can be a competitive candidate material for sodium‐ion batteries.
Porphyrin Helical Nanochannel‐Assembled Polybenzimidazole Membranes Doped with Phosphoric Acid for Fuel Cells Operating in a Temperature Range of 25–200 °C
Authors: Xu Zhipeng , Wang Qiuping , Guo Liang , Li Yeyang , Wang Junyao , Yu Shuaijun , Liao Junbin , Xu Yanqing , Shen Jiangnan
Published: December 2023

High‐temperature proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells (HT‐PEMFCs) fabricated with phosphoric acid (PA)‐doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) show apparent technical advantages. In practical automotive applications, achieving cold start‐up capability is crucial. In this work, a kind of branched block proton exchange membrane (PEM) based on PBI with a low content of porphyrin ring (<1 mol.%) is reported as a branched monomer. Self‐assembly into high‐density helical nanochannels under the synergistic effect of phase separation and porphyrin π−π stacking, thus the PEM can maintain a high level of PA doping. Specifically, the PA/1.8TCPP‐BrPy‐OPBI membrane shows a proton conductivity of 0.169 and 0.071 S cm−1, as well as an H2‐O2 fuel cell peak power density of 1077 and 357 mW cm−2 at 180 and 80 °C without humidification and backpressure, respectively. The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) can exhibit good fuel cell stability, with a voltage decay rate of only 7.0 µV h−1 at 80 °C. Furthermore, it maintains a peak power density of 93% even after 150 start‐up/shut‐down cycles at 25 °C. This work expands the operating temperature range of conventional PBI membranes between 25 and 200 °C and thus provides a novel strategy for high‐performance PBI‐based HT‐PEMFCs.
High‐Strength, Thin PBO Nanofiber Membrane with Long‐Term Stability for Osmotic Energy Conversion
Authors: Duan Runyu , Zhou Jiale , Zheng Xue , Ma Xiaoyan , Zhai Rui , Hao Junran , Zhou Yahong , Teng Chao , Jiang Lei
Published: December 2023

Ion‐selective membrane embedded in a reverse electrodialysis system can achieve the conversion of osmotic energy into electricity. However, the ingenious design and development of pure polymer membranes that simultaneously satisfy excellent mechanical strength, long‐term stability, high power density, and increased testing area is a crucial challenge. Here, high‐strength, thin PBO nanofiber membranes (PBONM) with 3D nanofluidic channels and a thickness of 0.81 µm are prepared via a simple vacuum‐assisted filtration technology. The thin PBONM exhibits excellent mechanical properties: stress of 235.8 MPa and modulus of 16.96 GPa, outperforming the state‐of‐the‐art nanofluidic membranes. The obtained PBONM reveals surface‐charge‐governed ion transport behavior and high ion selectivity of 0.88 at a 50‐fold concentration gradient. The PBO membrane‐based generator delivers a power density of 7.7 and 40.2 W m−2 at 50‐fold and 500‐fold concentration gradient. Importantly, this PBONM presents excellent stability in response to different external environments including various saline solutions, pH, and temperature. In addition, the maximum power density of PBONM reaches up to 5.9 W m−2 under an increased testing area of 0.79 mm2, exceeding other membrane‐based generators with comparable testing areas. This work paves the way for constructing high‐strength fiber nanofluidic membranes for highly efficient osmotic energy conversion.
Structural Color Boosted Electrochromic Devices: Strategies and Applications
Authors: Li Lin , Yu Zhumin , Ye Changqing , Song Yanlin
Published: December 2023

Electrochromic devices (ECDs) have attracted substantial attention on account of their unique characteristics and prosperous applications. However, their monotonous color modification remains a momentous challenge that significantly restricts their application scope. Integrating structural colors that arise from the interaction between light and periodic micro/nanostructures with electrochromic materials (ECMs) turns out to be an effective approach to enhancing the comprehensive performance of ECDs more than the coloration effectiveness. This review provides an overview on the recent burgeoning development of structural color ECDs regarding strategies and applications. The performance parameters of ECDs and physical principles regarding the generation of structural colors are introduced. Then, strategies that introduce structural colors into ECDs are discussed according to the category of chromogenic micro/nanostructures, namely, gratings, (single‐layer and multilayer) thin films, photonic crystals, plasmonic metasurfaces, and composite structures. The current state‐of‐the‐art research activities of structural color ECDs for display application including segmented and pixelated devices are also presented. Additionally, the future perspective of structural color ECDs with respect of major challenges and potential solutions is proposed.
Selective Shielding of the (002) Plane Enabling Vertically Oriented Zinc Plating for Dendrite‐Free Zinc Anode
Authors: Zhu Qiancheng , Sun Guobing , Qiao Shizhe , Wang Dengke , Cui Ziyang , Zhang Wenming , Liu Jinping
Published: December 2023

Uncontrolled growth of Zn dendrites hinders the future development of aqueous Zn‐ion batteries. Despite that the (100) plane possesses better zincophilic ability and fast kinetics, dendrites are generally suppressed via (002) plane‐oriented Zn deposition in previous reports; the ordered (100) plane‐dominant Zn deposition, especially under high current density has not yet been realized. Herein, vertically‐oriented Zn plating with preferential growth of (100) plane is reported using disodium lauryl phosphate (DLP) as an electrolyte additive. DLP is preferentially anchored on the Zn (002) crystal plane via the polar phosphate group, then the deposition of Zn atoms on the (002) plane is retarded by the long alkyl chain, finally promoting the preferred growth of the (100) plane. This unique growth pattern results in ultrastable Zn plating/stripping at a super‐high current density of 50 mA cm−2, with a cumulative capacity of 8500 mAh cm−2. The Zn//Zn symmetric cell also cycles steadily for 700 h with a large areal capacity of 10 mAh cm−2 at a current density of 10 mA cm−2. This study provides new insights into the realization of dendrite‐free Zn anodes by crystal plane modulation.
Confinement Engineering of Zinc Single‐Atom Triggered Charge Redistribution on Ruthenium Site for Alkaline Hydrogen Production
Authors: Wan Yinji , Chen Weibin , Wu Shengqiang , Gao Song , Xiong Feng , Guo Wenhan , Feng Long , Cai Kunting , Zheng Lirong , Wang Yonggang , Zhong Ruiqin , Zou Ruqiang
Published: December 2023

Optimizing the interaction between metal and support in the supported metal catalysts effectively refines the electronic structure and boosts the catalytic properties of loaded active components. Herein a method is introduced to confine ultrafine ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles within atomically dispersed Zn‐N4 sites on a N‐doped carbon network (Ru/Zn‐N‐C) through the strong electronic metal–support interaction, achieving superior catalytic activity and stability for alkaline hydrogen evolution. Spectroscopic data and theoretical modeling elucidate that the remarkable catalytic performance of Ru sites stems from their strong electronic coupling with neighboring Zn‐N4 moiety and pyridinic N/pyrrolic N. This interaction induces an electron‐deficient state of Ru, thereby accelerating the dissociation of H2O and lowering the energy barriers for the desorption of OH* and H*. This insight provides a deeper understanding of the catalytic mechanisms at play. Furthermore, alkaline water electrolyzer using this catalyst as cathode delivers a mass activity of 3 A mgcat–1 at 2.0 V, much surpassing Ru‐C. This research opens a novel pathway for the development of advanced materials , tailored for energy storage and conversion applications.
Ultrasensitive NIR‐II Ratiometric Nanothermometers for 3D In Vivo Thermal Imaging
Authors: Li Dan , Jia Mochen , Jia Tao , Chen Guanying
Published: December 2023

Luminescent nanothermometry, particularly the one based on ratiometric, has sparked intense research for non‐invasive in vivo or intracellular temperature mapping, empowering their uses as diagnosis tools in biomedicine. However, ratiometric detection still suffers from biased sensing induced by wavelength‐dependent tissue absorption and scattering, low thermal sensitivity (Sr), and lack of imaging depth information. Herein, this work constructs an ultrasensitive NIR‐II ratiometric nanothermometer with self‐calibrating ability for 3D in vivo thermographic imaging, in which temperature‐insensitive lanthanide nanocrystals and strongly temperature‐quenched Ag2S quantum dots are co‐assembled to form a hybrid nanocomposite material. Precise control over the amount ratio between two sub‐materials enables the manipulation of heat‐activated back energy transfer from Ag2S to Yb3+ in lanthanide nanoparticles, thereby rendering Sr up to 7.8% °C−1 at 43.5 °C, and higher than 6.5% °C−1 over the entire physiological temperature range. Moreover, the luminescence intensity ratio between two separated spectral regions within the narrow Yb3+ emission peak is used to determine the depth information of nanothermometers in living mice and correct the effect of tissue depth on 2D thermographic imaging, and therefore allows a proof‐of‐concept demonstration of accurate 3D in vivo thermographic imaging, constituting a solid step toward the development of advanced ratiometric nanothermometry for biological applications.
Designing Carbon‐Based Porous Materials for Carbon Dioxide Capture
Authors: Singh Rasmeet , Wang Lizhuo , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) , Huang Jun
Published: December 2023

Rapid industrialization and urban development around the world have significantly increased carbon dioxide emissions, adversely affecting climate and ecosystems. Therefore, carbon capture and storage emerged as a promising route to reduce environmental CO2 concentration. Among various CO2 capture technologies, adsorption through carbon‐based porous materials has attracted particularly strong attention. This is primarily due to their high specific surface area, selective CO2 adsorption, moderate heat of adsorption, tunable morphology, and reduced degradation in moisture. This review critically examines carbon‐based CO2 sorbents derived from diverse sources. The key factors controlling adsorption performance, including the impact of structural and functional properties are discussed. The future research directions in this rapidly emerging field, contributing to the decarbonization of the global economy and society, are highlighted.
Modeling the Transient Behavior of Ionic Diodes with the Nernst–Planck–Poisson Equations
Authors: Tepermeister Max , Silberstein Meredith N.
Published: December 2023

Ionic circuitry formed from soft charged polymers promises to enable a new kind of analog computing and usher in a new age of human–computer interaction, but devices remain in their infancy. Ionic diodes, created by the interface between two oppositely charged polymers, form one of the most fundamental elements of ionic circuitry. However, it is currently not well understood how the boundary conditions and geometry of a diode influence its transient response and performance. A consistent set of metrics with which to analyze these diodes is first developed, then a continuum model based on the Nernst–Planck–Poisson equations is used to study how device construction and three types of boundary conditions affect performance. This model is solved using the finite volume method and gives insight into transient diode behavior not described by previous analyses. It is demonstrated how different parts of a diode's construction, thickness, and operating voltage act as the limiting factors for different regimes. To conclude, it is demonstrated how blocking electrodes limit both diode lifetime and rectification behavior and how neutral bath boundary conditions play an important role in the performance of some diodes, with recommendations for building higher performance devices in the future.
Uncovering the Hidden World of Aqueous Humor Proteins for Discovery of Biomarkers for Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Shi Yumeng , Chen Jiahui , Cai Lei , Zhang Xueling , Chen Zexu , Yang Jin , Jiang Yongxiang , Lu Yi
Published: December 2023

Ectopia lentis is a hallmark of Marfan syndrome (MFS), a genetic connective tissue disorder affecting 1/5000 to 1/10 000 individuals worldwide. Early detection in ophthalmology clinics and timely intervention of cardiovascular complications can be lifesaving. In this study, a modified proteomics workflow with liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS)‐based data‐independent acquisition (DIA) and field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) to profile the proteomes of aqueous humor (AH) and lens tissue from MFS children with ectopia lentis is utilized. Over 2300 and 2938 comparable proteins are identified in AH and the lens capsule, respectively. Functional enrichment analyses uncovered dysregulation of complement and coagulation‐related pathways, collagen binding, and cell adhesion in MFS. Through weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and machine learning, distinct modules associated with clinical traits are constructed and a unique biomarker panel (Q14376, Q99972, P02760, Q07507; gene names: GALE, MYOC, AMBP, DPT) is defined. These biomarkers are further validated using advanced parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) in an independent patient cohort. The results provide novel insights into the proteome characterization of ectopia lentis and offer a promising approach for developing a valuable biomarker panel to aid in the early diagnosis of Marfan syndrome via AH proteome.
Transgenic amyloid precursor protein mouse models of amyloidosis. Incomplete models for Alzheimer's disease but effective predictors of anti‐amyloid therapies
Authors: Morgan David G. , Lamb Bruce T.
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice are models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) amyloidosis, not all of AD. Diffuse, compacted, and vascular deposits in APP mice mimic those found in AD cases.

METHODS

Most interventional studies in APP mice start treatment early in the process of amyloid deposition, consistent with a prevention treatment regimen. Most clinical trials treat patients with established amyloid deposits in a therapeutic treatment regimen.

RESULTS

The first treatment to reduce amyloid and cognitive impairment in mice was immunotherapy. The APP mouse models not only predicted efficacy, but presaged the vascular leakage called ARIA. The recent immunotherapy clinical trials that removed amyloid and slowed cognitive decline confirms the utility of these early APP models when used in therapeutic designs.

DISCUSSION

New mouse models of AD pathologies will add to the research armamentarium, but the early models have accurately predicted responses to amyloid therapies in humans.
Iridium‐Catalyzed Reductive (3+2) Annulation of Lactams Enabling the Rapid Total Synthesis of (±)‐Eburnamonine
Authors: Sugiyama Yasukazu , Yamada Kento , Kaneko Daiki , Kusagawa Yuya , Okamura Toshitaka , Sato Takaaki
Published: December 2023

A reductive (3+2) annulation of lactams through iridium‐catalyzed hydrosilylation and photoredox coupling with α‐bromoacetic acid was developed. The iridium‐catalyzed hydrosilylation of the lactam carbonyl group and subsequent elimination provide a transient cyclic enamine, which undergoes iridium‐catalyzed photoredox coupling with α‐bromoacetic acid in a one‐pot process. The developed conditions show high functional‐group tolerance and provide cyclic N,O‐acetals containing a quaternary carbon center. The resulting N,O‐acetals undergo a variety of acid‐mediated nucleophilic addition reactions via iminium ions to give substituted cyclic amines. The developed sequence including reductive (3+2) annulation and acid‐mediated nucleophilic addition was successfully applied to the four‐step total synthesis of (±)‐eburnamonine.
Maschinelles Lernen zur Vorhersage antibakterieller Aktivität von Ruthenium‐Komplexen**
Authors: Orsi Markus , Shing Loh Boon , Weng Cheng , Ang Wee Han , Frei Angelo
Published: December 2023

Die steigende antimikrobielle Resistenz (AMR) und der Mangel an Innovation in der Antibiotikaforschung erfordern neue Ansätze zur Entwicklung von Medikamenten. Metallkomplexe haben sich als vielversprechende antimikrobielle Verbindungen erwiesen. Allerdings ist die Anzahl der untersuchten Verbindungen noch klein, besonders im Vergleich zu den Millionen organischer Moleküle die bereits getestet wurden. In den letzten Jahren hat sich maschinelles Lernen (ML) als wertvolle Ressource für die Entwicklung organischer Moleküle herauskristallisiert, selbst wenn nur wenige Daten vorliegen. Erstmals erweitern wir die Anwendung von ML auf die Entdeckung von metallbasierten antimikrobiellen Verbindungen. Mithilfe von 288 modular synthetisierten Ruthenium‐Aren‐Schiff‐Basen‐Komplexen und deren antibakteriellen Eigenschaften haben wir eine Reihe von ML–Modellen trainiert. Die Modelle zeigen gute Leistungen und werden verwendet, um die Aktivität von 54 neuen Verbindungen vorherzusagen. Diese Verbindungen weisen eine 5.7‐fach höhere Trefferquote (53.7 %) gegen Methicillin‐resistente Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) im Vergleich zur ursprünglichen Bibliothek (9.4 %) auf. Dadurch zeigen wir, dass ML zu höheren Erfolgsraten bei der Suche nach neuen Metalloantibiotika führen kann. Folglich ebnet diese Arbeit den Weg für fortschrittlichere Anwendungen von ML im Bereich der metallbasierten Wirkstoffentwicklung.
Bone histology supports gregarious behavior and an early ontogenetic stage to Decuriasuchus quartacolonia (Pseudosuchia: Loricata) from the Middle‐Late Triassic of Brazil
Authors: de Farias Brodsky Dantas Macedo , Desojo Julia Brenda , Cerda Ignacio Alejandro , Ribeiro Ana Maria , Ferigolo Jorge , Carlisbino Thiago , Schultz Cesar Leandro , Mastrantonio Bianca Martins , Soares Marina Bento
Published: December 2023

Decuriasuchus quartacolonia is a middle‐sized basal “rauisuchian” (Pseudosuchia, Loricata) from the Triassic beds of Brazil, whose original description was based on 10 specimens of equivalent size found in aggregation. In this contribution, we explore the osteohistology of its appendicular bones and a rib, aiming to infer growth patterns and ontogeny. In all analyzed bones (except in the rib) from three individuals, we found fibrolamellar bone (FLB) throughout the cortices, a pattern shared with other histologically sampled basal loricatans. We found evidence that suggests an early ontogenetic stage for all studied specimens: absence of secondary osteons, lack of transition from an inner highly vascularized FLB matrix to a poor vascularized parallel‐fibred bone, one line of arrested growth, open vascular canals in the external surface of the cortex and absence of an external fundamental system. In addition, we observed that the neurocentral sutures in the caudal to cervical vertebrae of the holotype are unfused, strongly suggesting that these individuals were not skeletally mature, as had been previously assumed. In addition, our data support the prior hypothesis that Decuriasuchus is the oldest‐known archosaur to show evidence of gregarious behavior and adds a probable cause of this as a strategy to obtain food and avoid predation until becoming independent as adults. Furthermore, our results open the possibility that Decuriasuchus may represent an earlier growth stage of the larger Prestosuchus chiniquensis, with two specimens recovered from the same stratigraphic level and paleontological site. Since the adult form of Decuriasuchus remains unknown, a deeper anatomical study is needed to discuss the validity of the species. This study case exemplifies the importance of paleohistology as an essential complementary tool to describe a new morphospecies in vertebrate paleontology.
An unusual non‐hematopoietic bone marrow finding
Authors: Altahan Rahaf , Alanazi Mohammed Lafi , Alharbi Mohammed Abdulaziz , Almalki Salman , Alswayyed Aziza , Alsuhaibani Laila
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical Message

We present an interesting case that showed a non‐hematopoietic structure embedded in the bone marrow biopsy. Given the clinical and morphological difficulties, it was challenging to identify this artifact's nature. Publishing this case would familiarize pathologists with this artifact and save additional testing and delays in reporting.