bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EXPERIENCES OF WOMEN AND BARRIERS FOR CAREER ADVANCEMENT IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN A SOUTH AFRICAN CONTEXT
Authors: Mendes Bernardete
Published: July 2021

In 1994, South Africa became a democratic state and focused primarily on advancing and protecting human rights; however, these rights had to first be constitutionalised. As a result, the South African Constitution was adopted in 1996 with fundamental rights under its Bill of Rights, which ensures that government can be held accountable for the protection of citizens’ rights. One of the fundamental rights entrenched in the Constitution is gender equality, which aims at increasing access for women to the public sphere and opportunities. The right is supported by domestic legislation and binding international law instruments. There is, however, limited research on the lived experiences of women at various institutions in South Africa post the adoption of the various gender equality laws, prompting the question: are institutions implementing, practicing, and embracing gender equality? This article discusses the experiences of women and the challenges that they face in the education sector focusing specifically on tertiary institutions in the context of gender equality and women as staff. The article argues that although — legislatively — South Africa has committed to gender equality, by ensuring equal representation and access to opportunities for women, the challenges that women are facing in the higher institutions show that law is not enough to deal with gender equality: There is a need for government to focus on redressing the challenges that women still face in tertiary institutions.
A CRITIQUE OF THE DETERMINATION OF A COMPOSITE SUPPLY FOR VAT PURPOSES IN SOUTH AFRICA: LESSONS FROM SELECTED COUNTRIES
Authors: Ngidi Mzwandile
Published: July 2021

To determine, for the purposes of the Value-added Tax Act (‘VAT Act’)1 whether a supply consists of a composite supply or several distinct supplies is paramount. Amongst other reasons, it impacts on how the entire supply should be treated under the VAT Act (i.e. standard, exempt or zero-rated). The treatment of the supply not only affects the applicable tax rate, but it also impacts the value added tax (‘VAT’) claimable or payable when acquiring or selling the supplies. The incorrect treatment of the supply puts the taxpayer at risk since the tax authority may raise reassessments and impose penalties. Therefore, where a supply entails the supply of goods or services or both, it is essential for a vendor to correctly treat the transaction to avoid these repercussions. The aim of this paper is to illustrate that the South African (SA) approach to determining whether a separate part is made is not in line with the international approach. The domestic approach appears to ignore essential elements that are widely accepted when deciding if a supply is single or composite. This paper argues that this approach may in some cases yield unfavourable results in term of VAT. The paper is structured as follows; Part I, briefly discusses the meaning of the composite supply; Part II, provides the South African approach to composite supply; Part III, outlines how the EU and CAN jurisdiction’s VAT systems treat the composite supply; Part IV, points out the shortcomings of the South African approach to the treatment of the composite supply; Part V, outlines the recommendations may be implemented so to align the South African approach with the international perspective.
THE SHILUBANA JUDGMENT IN LIGHT OF TRANSFORMATIVE CONSTITUTIONALISM
Authors: Kalbskopf Serena
Published: July 2021

In this essay I explore Karl Klare’s notion of transformative constitutionalism explored in light of the case of Shilubana.1 Firstly, I define transformative constitutionalism and the circumstances present in the South African Constitution (Constitution) that give its interpretation a post liberal propensity are set out. This is followed by establishing why it is important to dull the distinction between law and politics, and by a consideration of the influence of legal culture when interpreting the law. Thereafter, I give a brief background of Shilubana. I argue that Shilubana was informed by some transformative constitutionalism principles as far as enhancing multiculturalism is concerned although it was limited by the legal culture of Justice Van Der Westhuizen. Lastly, I attempt to show that the final outcome of the case did effect desired social change envisaged through or by the project of transformative constitutionalism.
CHALLENGES TO PEACEFUL PROTEST IN NIGERIA: THE USE OF FORCE
Authors: Okeowo Adebayo
Published: July 2021

The freedom or the right to engage in peaceful protest is one that can be perceived to have been enshrined, and guaranteed, under the right to freedom of expression while also being closely linked to the right to freedom of association and freedom of speech. This right is a core feature and foundation of a democratic society as it ensures that the people's representatives can be interrogated in the people's court for any act not in conformity with the wishes of the people. Civil society groups are usually at the forefront of many protests — serving as the rallying point and the report by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) recently recognised this, stating that civil society plays a crucial role in the realisation of human rights on the ground. Unfortunately, most governments around the world feel threatened once faced with a group of people demanding accountability from government on specific issues. Their default response almost always is to shut down protests by resorting to the use of force and other violent means. The civil society space is being eliminated by governments even as they continue to face threats, bans on peaceful demonstrations, confiscation of computers, imprisonments and even killings. This unfortunate reality was described by CIVICUS: Democratic South Africa’s National Assembly passed the so called “secrecy bill”, which places hurdles against CSOs and journalists obtaining information to expose official wrongdoing, despite fierce civil society resistance. Such laws are brought in and applied under a number of guises. Commonly, rhetoric around national security and controlling terrorist activities was used to justify new restrictions on fundamental freedoms in the years following the 9/11 terrorist attacks in 2001. Nigeria is not an exception to this unacceptable trend and this paper will look at how the use of force in Nigeria has become one of the biggest impediments to peaceful protests and has in some instances, resulted in fatalities.
THE EFFECT OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MEDIA ON HIV/AIDS AWARENESS
Authors: King Nicole
Published: July 2021

A gap exists in the South African media law with regards to HIV/Aids because HIV/Aids is normally dealt with in a scientific context rather than looking at the issue from a media law perspective. HIV/Aids is, however, still an issue which is highly relevant, particularly in a South African context, and oftentimes there is insufficient emphasis which is placed on the ever-growing pandemic in our country. Radio, television, newspaper and other forms of media possess the power to reach many people across the country and therefore they have an important and integral role to play in the fight against HIV/Aids. The media can have a significant impact on the stigmatisation of a person living with HIV/Aids and they will also have a role to play in the promotion of various preventative campaigns. The impact of the media on the disclosure of one’s HIV/Aids status should also be considered. Therefore, by conducting research and exploring these topics, it can be determined whether the media are fully utilising their power as an educational and preventative tool in the fight against HIV/Aids or whether there is room for improvement.
(WO)MAN IN THE MIRROR — A REFLECTION: LAW’S INFLUENCE ON SOCIETY, IDENTITY AND FEMINISM
Authors: Andriés Devon-Lee
Published: July 2021

A legal system, which proposes one thing while implementing another, lacks integrity and accountability – values the Constitution aims for the South African legal system to uphold. I propose that a more open approach to the law will result in a legal system that provides for true freedom in dignity and identity for those falling under its jurisdiction. Furthermore, moving away from a modernist approach to a post structural, more general jurisprudence will lead to inclusion of women (providing a remedy to their oppression) and to a more substantially equal application of the law. I will be structuring my research around the work of a couple theorists and will use their perspectives to supplement my own argument. These include the work of Marx, Foucault, Veitch, Barnett, de Beauvoir, Dowling, Botha and Douzinas and Geary. To add flavour to this investigation, I will include some neuro-scientific perspectives based on the work of David Rock. Veitch suggests that the law plays a large role in protecting the autonomy of the individual — an area of great neuro-scientific research.
INNOVATIVE SYSTEM WITH SIMULTANEOUS ENERGY RECOVERY IN SHIPS FOR COMPLETE DESULPHURISATION OF EXHAUST GAS DERIVED BY HEAVY OIL
Authors: Pittas N. , Koutsoukos P. , Moutsios Vasileios , Muravieva I.
Published: July 2021

This paper presents an innovative worldwide method of total of gas combustion-derived ships on heavy fuel diesel engines. For the treatment of waste aqueous solution derived from with aqueous solution NaOH the exhaust gas and capture the S from . For the treatment wastewater plant is necessary to have big surface and quantity of salt water. But unfortunately, the space free on the ships are very restricted and further consequently born stability problems for the ships. This proposal innovative methodology with new approx and new design overcame the limitations and the low performance of the actual scrubber systems and the negative provoked enormous environmental impact of these emissions and not complies the IMO international regulations. The method exposed in this paper overcame the requirement its international regulations of IMO (international maritime organization) and is Patent N. Pittas .
Educação escolar quilombola
Authors: Alves-Brito Alan
Published: July 2021

A Educação Escolar Quilombola, como projeto político-pedagógico oriundo de lutas organizadas do Movimento Social Negro e de uma das mais cruciais políticas públicas do início do século XXI, é um processo em construção no Brasil que demanda esforços orquestrados de pesquisadores, educadores, gestores, movimentos sociais e da sociedade, em todas as áreas do conhecimento. Em estilo ensaístico, o objetivo do presente trabalho é problematizar os desafios e as potencialidades dos ensinos de Física e de Astronomia na Educação Escolar Quilombola, tensionando o Projeto de Modernidade materializado na Quarta Revolução Industrial por meio dos 17 Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Organização das Nações Unidas, em que a Física e a Astronomia jogam papel fundamental. Em diálogo permanente com referenciais teóricos, metodológicos e epistemológicos da educação, apontamos fundamentos, pesquisas e novas tendências para que os ensinos de Física e de Astronomia dialoguem com as experiências quilombolas, fomentando perspectivas interculturais e descolonizadoras da educação em ciências. As reflexões, questionamentos e apontamentos apresentados são gestados a partir de resultados parciais de projeto de pesquisa realizado no âmbito dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Física e Ensino de Física e do Núcleo de Estudos Afro-Brasileiros, Indígenas e Africanos da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Com foco na promoção da equidade racial na educação básica, argumentamos que os Ensinos de Física e Astronomia — tecno-ciências na base do Projeto Científico e de Poder Moderno e Contemporâneo — podem ajudar a ressignificar, ressemantizar e fortalecer o sujeito quilombola diferenciado do século XXI, sufocado pela realidade da Quarta Revolução Industrial. É por meio do diálogo intercultural e interdisciplinar com as comunidades quilombolas que as ciências físicas também poderão se humanizar, contribuindo fortemente para a democratização do País, reconhecendo Saberes-Fazeres que definem identidades potentes, ligadas à ideia de corpo-território e marcos civilizatórios afrodiaspóricos.
Evolução do ensino competencial
Authors: Paulo Iramaia Jorge Cabra de , Perez Silvana , Tabosa Clara Elena S.
Published: July 2021

Neste trabalho, é apresentada uma análise da evolução do ensino competencial, desde os primeiros estudos sobre o conceito de competência até as definições atuais, considerando especificamente os cenários - europeu e brasileiro. No contexto europeu, são abordados os estudos realizados em projetos da OCDE e da UNESCO, que se iniciaram na década de 1990, em particular o DeSeCo e o Relatório Delors. No Brasil, são analisados os documentos oficiais do governo federal, começando pela Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação de 1996, e culminando na Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Os quatro pilares básicos propostos no Relatório Delors são identificados nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Fundamental Maior. Tomando como base os documentos oficiais do Parlamento Europeu que instituíram as competências chave para a educação na comunidade europeia, e as competências gerais apresentadas na Base Nacional Comum Curricular, são discutidas as semelhanças entre as definições presentes nos dois documentos, sendo encontrada uma relação direta entre as competências digitais e culturais e cívicas nos dois documentos, uma relação indireta entre as competências linguística, matemática, científica e tecnológica, e pontos em comum em outras competências.
Percepção de professores de física em questões envolvendo relações cts
Authors: Cunha Rodrigo Bastos
Published: July 2021

Após décadas de contribuições de pesquisas sobre a abordagem das relações entre ciência, tecnologia e sociedade no ensino de ciências naturais, alguns estudos de caso apontam dificuldades encontradas por professores de física para inserir em suas aulas debates sobre questões sociais. Este artigo apresenta um recorte de uma pesquisa de percepção sobre ensino de ciências naturais, iniciada em 2020, para mostrar as opiniões de professores de física, em formação e em exercício, sobre questões envolvendo as relações CTS. Foi aplicado um questionário pela internet, através do Google Docs, com perguntas sobre o foco do ensino de ciências naturais, o que deve ser privilegiado, o quanto o entrevistado concorda com determinadas afirmações envolvendo as relações CTS e qual a relevância o entrevistado atribui a quatro temas do cânone da ciência e a cinco temas socioambientais, em uma escala de zero a dez. Foram coletadas 950 respostas no total, das quais 215 são de professores de física, em exercício e em formação. Os resultados apontam que as questões envolvendo as relações CTS estão bastante consolidadas na percepção dos entrevistados e que as opiniões dos professores de física, no geral, são bem próximas das opiniões dos demais atores da comunidade de ensino de ciências naturais. Um dado que merece destaque é a altíssima relevância atribuída pelos estudantes de licenciatura em física a dois temas socioambientais, um envolvendo preservação ambiental e outro envolvendo aquecimento global. Tanto os professores de física quanto os demais atores do universo geral de entrevistados atribuíram maior relevância a quatro temas socioambientais em comparação com a relevância atribuída aos temas do cânone da ciência. Esses dados apontam para o potencial de temas socioambientais que podem ser usados como temas geradores e ponto de partida para o ensino de conceitos científicos, tanto da física quanto das demais disciplinas.
Linguocultural work on the lessons Russian and Russian as a native language as a means to promote learners’ cognitive activity
Authors: Verkhovykh L. N.
Published: July 2021

. The paper deals with the issues of using the linguistic cultural approach to teaching Russian and Russian as a native language to boost learners’ cognitive activity. During the study, the basic principles and types of linguistic cultural work are characterised. The paper also describes areas where linguistic cultural material can be used. Additionally, a number of specific tasks facilitating learners’ cognitive skills development are given. The descriptive method is the main research tool in conjunction with some elements of comparative analysis. It was found that the linguistic cultural approach to teaching Russian and Russian as a native language is an important component in education as it enhances learners’ cognitive activity. Moreover, it provides comprehensive solutions to teaching and educational challenges.
Concept analysis on literature lessons: the text emotiogenicity of the prose poem "To the Memory of U. P. Vrevsky" by I. S. Turgenev
Authors: Sherstobitova I. А.
Published: July 2021

The paper considers the St. Petersburg concept of emotional intelligence development as a promising approach to implementing linguoconceptology in education. The aim of the study was to test a concept analysis model built on the technology of mastering the key concepts of Russian culture and the theory of multiple intelligencies proposed by Howard Gardner. The three scientific approaches – emotional intelligence theory (D. Goleman), linguoconceptocentric theory (N. L. Mishatina) and classical hermeneutics (F. Schleiermacher) constitute the methodological framework of the research. From the standpoint of hermeneutics, investigating how learners understand and interpret the emotional concept ‘the images of the lyrical hero and the heroine’ in the prose poem "To the Memory of U. P. Vrevsky" by I. S. Turgenev highlights their progression from the formation of one emotional competence to another and finally to building and developing emotional intelligence. In the course of the hermeneutical study the lyrical hero’s image is considered from the viewpoint of the emotional linguistic persona; the text of the poem is discussed as an emotiogenic text. Within the framework of laboratories-studies a system of tasks was developed to form and develop learners’ emotional intelligence. The metaphors created by the teacher and the students as well as the text of a concept-centric essay comprise the results of doing the abovementioned tasks during laboratories-studies. Our data provide evidence that conceptual analysis enables learners to decode the emotional content of the author’s values and implications. The development model of emotional intelligence based on hermeneutical conceptual analysis provides an opportunity to internalize and reinterpret iconic cultural texts, bridge the cultural generation gap and put Generation Z into the context of world history.
Domestic Savings, Investment, and Economic Growth: an Empirical Evidence from Nepal using VEC Model
Authors: Oli Sudan Kumar , Xie Yuantao
Published: July 2021

This study examines the relationship between domestic savings, investment, and economic growth in Nepal by using time series data covering from the period 1975 to 2019. The vector error correction model (VECM) has been used to investigate the long-run and short-run causal relationship between the variables. The Johansen cointegration test results confirmed that there is a long-run relationship between savings, investment, and economic growth. Therefore, further analysis has to be set for the VEC model to analyze both long-run and shortrun causality. The VECM equation result is -0.1363 which is the adjustment speed of disequilibrium towards the equilibrium in long run. The coeffi cient of savings and investments are positive with economic growth which also indicates that both variables have a positive impact on economic growth in the short run. The results of the Jarque-Bera test show the residual distribution is normally distributed. For the model stability test, the study performed recursive estimation applying CUSUM and CUSUM of square, and both tests move within the 5 percent level of upper and lesser bound significance indicating that the model is stable over the observation period. Overall, the study suggests that in Nepal, domestic savings and investment growth have a positive contribution to economic growth. The central bank, planning commission, and ministry of finance should focus on stimulating the capital formation and productive sector investment for sustainable economic growth in Nepal.
O projeto neoconservador para a educação brasileira e suas distorções nas concepções de justiça social, inclusão e democracia: considerações acerca do “ajuste justo” proposto pelo Banco Mundial
Authors: Souza José dos Santos , Macedo Jussara Marques de
Published: July 2021

O artigo analisa os impactos políticos e ideológicos das proposições contidas no documento Um Ajuste Justo: análise da eficiência e equidade do gasto público no Brasil, publicado em novembro de 2017 pelo Grupo Banco Mundial sob encomenda do Governo Brasileiro. O objetivo do artigo é explicitar a identidade do conteúdo deste documento com o projeto neoconservador para a educação brasileira em curso no país desde agosto de 2016, com a posse do presidente Michel Temer, aprofundado pelo governo Bolsonaro. Trata-se de excerto de pesquisa mais ampla acerca dos novos modelos de gestão de sistemas públicos de ensino e precariedade do trabalho docente. A análise qualitativa, de caráter explicativo, baseia-se em fontes documentais para coleta de dados. Os resultados apontam a falta de originalidade nas proposições do documento Um Ajuste Justo, pois tais proposições faziam parte da agenda do projeto neoconservador do Bloco no Poder no Brasil. Este projeto visa superar os efeitos da crise orgânica do capital por meio de medidas para reorientar o uso do fundo público em favor dos grandes empresários, em detrimento da classe trabalhadora. Com base na lógica mercantil, este projeto se materializa no campo educacional como medidas de controle da gestão dos sistemas públicos de ensino não só para racionar custos, mas para repassar para os usuários o custo serviços prestados pelos sistemas públicos de ensino.
A abordagem da geometria esférica no ensino e na aprendizagem matemática: o que apontam as pesquisas realizadas entre 2000 e 2018
Authors: Fonseca Jussara Aparecida da , Leivas José Carlos Pinto
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os resultados de um mapeamento de pesquisas, realizadas entre os anos 2000 e 2018, vinculados ao Mestrado Profissional em Matemática em Rede Nacional (PROFMAT) e aos programas de pós-graduação, nas áreas de educação, educação matemática, ensino de matemática e/ou ensino de ciências e matemática, de modo a analisar o que é revelado sobre o ensino e aprendizagem da geometria esférica. O corpus do estudo foi constituído de 20 produções, analisadas a partir de critérios estabelecidos de acordo com Moraes (2003). A análise dos dados apontou a preocupação, quanto à aprendizagem da geometria esférica por alunos da Educação Básica, a partir de diferentes encaminhamentos didático-metodológicos, mas pouca discussão sobre o ensino dessa temática em cursos de formação de professores. Tal cenário, nos levou a observar a necessidade de novas investigações que visem alternativas para o ensino da geometria esférica na formação de professores.
Ensino de Geometria e Movimento da Matemática Moderna: uma análise de histórias produzidas nas pesquisas acadêmicas
Authors: Silva Sidnéia Almeida , Gomes Larissa Pinca Sarro , Silva Martha Raíssa Iane Santana da
Published: July 2021

Este artigo apresenta o mapeamento e análise de pesquisas produzidas no âmbito dos programas brasileiros de pós-graduação stricto sensu, no período de 2000 a 2019, que problematizaram as propostas para o ensino de Geometria em tempos do Movimento da Matemática Moderna. Aspectos importantes do movimento e das diferentes orientações para o ensino de Geometria foram identificados nas onze dissertações selecionadas, estabelecendo um diálogo com autores que problematizam a cultura escolar em uma perspectiva histórica. Com a análise foi possível identificar uma concentração de pesquisas voltadas para o primeiro ciclo do Ensino Secundário, considerando os livros didáticos e os documentos normativos como as fontes mais utilizadas. Na abordagem da Geometria, destacou-se as transformações geométricas e a ênfase na Geometria intuitiva e dedutiva. Das ausências, foram identificadas poucas construções geométricas, falta de interação com o estudante e de orientações consistentes aos professores e alunos nas coleções de livros didáticos.
Diva Noronha e os saberes profissionais de matemática para a formação de professores em tempos da Reforma Curricular do Rio de Janeiro (1975).
Authors: Cunha Thiago Sousa , Santos da Silva Guilherme Antônio , França Denise Medina
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho busca mostrar aspectos do desenvolvimento do Laboratório de Currículos (LC), sobre a perspectiva de Diva Noronha, uma das precursoras na formação de professores para os anos iniciais, durante a reformulação curricular de matemática a partir da década de 1970. O texto é guiado pelas seguintes questões norteadoras: De que maneira Noronha colaborou para a produção de saberes profissionais docentes para os professores das séries iniciais no LC do Estado do Rio de Janeiro? Que contextos de sustentação possibilitaram as propostas de Noronha? Quais as propostas gerais de Noronha? O estudo adota como referencial teórico-metodológico os conceitos de: expert, matemática para/a ensinar. Analisamos também, o período antecessor a aplicação do LC segundo noticiários da época. Assim, as primeiras considerações nos permite caracterizar Noronha uma possível expert para a formação de professores das séries iniciais a partir de sua tese e o relato de experiência, concedido ao grupo GHEMAT- Brasil.
"Towards design and creativity in the European work programmes"
Authors:   Ascari, Margherita; Gianfrate, Valentina; Mehmeti, Lorela
Published: July 2021

"The paper investigates the growing adoption of design approach and its tools and the emergent inclusion of design and creativity in the new funding programs of the European Commission. It is assumed as a progressive process, with specific milestones, that move towards cross-disciplinarity between different sectors, and integrate citizens' inclusion in the innovation pathways at different scales. The contribution presents the turning points in the introduction of participatory methodologies and design as a multidisciplinary and transversal medium to foster a multi-stakeholders dialogue.
The rethinking opportunity generated by the COVID-19 emergency has been seized by the European Commission, which put in evidence the relation between design and R&I processes, to foster cross-innovation and multiple knowledge, blurring the boundaries between creation, distribution and reception, with a special eye on culture and creativity.
"
Neurotechnologies for design product in the Economy of Transformation
Authors:   Giorgio Casoni, Francesca Bonetti
Published: July 2021

"In an ever-changing world, it is essential to integrate different
disciplines to create user-centred products and services.
Design alone cannot fully understand the needs and require-
ments of the end users, nor the emotions and mental states
they feel when they experience the product. There is a need
for a multidisciplinary work that brings together the skills of
designers with the most sophisticated neurotechnologies on
the market. Neuroergonomics is an applied discipline that
arises from the joint efforts of neuroscience and ergonomi-
cs. It uses existing knowledge about human behaviour and
brain functioning to identify human-friendly technologies
and interfaces and to support the design of safer and more
efficient work environments that can increase worker well-
being, while maximizing productivity. Thus, it can establish a
reference framework for decision-making in the architectural
and industrial design sector, focusing on central factors that
affect people’s reactions and behaviors."
Humanistic design, and beyond
Authors: Lotti Giuseppe
Published: July 2021

The pandemic is consequence of our mistaken relationship with nature is correct. It’s crucial to learn from past mistakes and it’s necessary to create a sustainable horizon of meaning for our thought and our action, centred on the health of the planet, with man as an integral part of nature.
The design can contribute: a Humanistic design, based on a civil commitment, that works with the territories, in in a cosmopolitan spirit, with an inclusive project; but also a design which, however, goes beyond Humanism, which takes away the central role of man – an anthropocentrism that through the ages has created numerous problems... -, in the name of a new accord, in harmony with nature as a whole.
The Francesco Faccini, Maurizio Montalti, Gionata Gatto, Giovanni Innella and Formafantasma’s designs can be a possible example of this new idea.
Social Network Society. New design contexts and new virtual identities
Authors: Licaj Ami
Published: July 2021

In the age of post-truth, the social network society lives in several spaces and times simultaneously. This kind of society inhabits the virtual environment as well as the real one and soon, when they coincide, it will no longer be able to distinguish between one and the other, with the same difficulty as it has today in recognising true from false. The virtual environment, made up of algorithms, bots, filter bubbles and fake news, thus becomes the new context in which we exist, and, as designers, we have a duty to consider it as a new possible context of and for design. The contribution aims to analyse how this new artificial environment affects the life, identity and pathologies of the person/user, considered a key element of the design project. An exploration that therefore aims to understand the new design paradigms of today and tomorrow, throw the analysis of case studies and theoretical reflections.
La justicia en las obras de Shakespeare
Authors: Mac-Lean y Estenós Roberto
Published: July 2021

Platón hizo decir a Simónides, en "La República", que la justicia consiste en "dar a caca uno le suyo, o lo que le conviene". Esta definición demostró ser tan conveniente que es muy poco lo que, desde Ulpiano hasta nuestros días, se ha podido añadir a su precisión y equilibrio. Pero William Shakespeare, al explicarla en términos desusados en el foro o la academia, descubrió perspectivas ocultas (...).

En la época en que le correspondió vivir a Shakespeare, uno de los principales acontecimientos vinculados a la idea de la justicia, en lo político y social, fue el nacimiento del Estado moderno. Durante la Edad Media el aparato coercitivo del Estado había hallado su fundamento y justificación en la ley divina.
Obras menores en el teatro de Peralta
Authors: Tamayo Vargas Augusto
Published: July 2021

Hablar de Pedro Peralta en la Universidad de San Marcos es un compromiso , porque Peralta, Rector en ella durante los años 1715, 1716 y 1717, es  figura que ha merecido ya comentarios diversos en esta Casa que él dirigió , y porque su imagen y su vida son, asi tema obligado desde hace más de 250 años, cuando estuviera activamente trabajando en los claustros sanmarquinos.
Estilo y motivos en el estudio iconográfico
Authors: Stastny Francisco
Published: July 2021

La historia del arte, en su calidad de disciplina histórica, se ocupa de trazar cronológicamente la génesis de las obras de arte y los acontecimientos que han rodeado su origen. La manera de realizar en la práctica un programa tan amplio es sin duda múltiple. Según que el énfasis esté puesto sobre las obras, sobre el estilo,

sobre la biografía de los artistas o sobre la historia económica y política de la época; sobre la evolución de un género o sobre la iconografía y los simbolismos filosóficos presentes, se obtendrán otros tantos resultados diferentes. No obstante, en el fondo existen algunos elementos constantes que son comunes a todas las ramas de las humanidades, y que proviene de nuestra manera original de ver el material histórico. Es decir aquella alternativa bien conocida —y quizá estereotipada— entre el acontecimiento y lo cotidiano, entre el individuo y la sociedad, el héroe y el hombre corriente, entre la creación genial y la obra rutinaria.
Monitoring the Complex Dynamics of LULC Change of Tanguar Haor, a Ramsar Site in the Northeastern Part of Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Inzamul
Published: July 2021

The bowl-shaped depressions between the natural levees of rivers, mostly found in the wetland of the north-eastern part of Bangladesh are locally known as Haor. This study has tried to find out the dynamics of land use/land cover (LULC) change of Tanguar Haor, a Ramsar Site of Bangladesh between 1989 and 2017. Satellite data from Landsat archive have been used to determine the LULC change and collected primary data through a questionnaire survey used to identify the factors and impacts of LULC change. Post-classification change detection techniques have been applied to evaluate the LULC change, and descriptive statistics are applied for qualitative analysis of primary data as well as other secondary data
Phylogenetic placement of Iodosphaeriaceae (Xylariales, Ascomycota), designation of an epitype for the type species of Iodosphaeria, I. phyllophila, and description of I. foliicola sp. nov.
Authors: Miller A.N. , Réblová M.
Published: July 2021

The Iodosphaeriaceae is represented by the single genus, Iodosphaeria, which is composed of nine species with superficial, black, globose ascomata covered with long, flexuous, brown hairs projecting from the ascomata in a stellate fashion, unitunicate asci with an amyloid apical ring or ring lacking and ellipsoidal, ellipsoidal-fusiform or allantoid, hyaline, aseptate ascospores. Members of Iodosphaeria are infrequently found worldwide as saprobes on various hosts and a wide range of substrates. Only three species have been sequenced and included in phylogenetic analyses, but the type species, I. phyllophila, lacks sequence data. In order to stabilize the placement of the genus and family, an epitype for the type species was designated after obtaining ITS sequence data and conducting maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses. Iodosphaeria foliicola occurring on overwintered Alnus sp. leaves is described as new. Five species in the genus form a well-supported monophyletic group, sister to the Pseudosporidesmiaceae in the Xylariales. Selenosporella-like and/or ceratosporium-like synasexual morphs were experimentally verified or found associated with ascomata of seven of the nine accepted species in the genus. Taxa included and excluded from Iodosphaeria are discussed.
Retos y realidades de los estudiantes de la carrera Administración Turística en la Costa de Oaxaca
Authors: Reyes Pérez Omar de Jesús , Ramírez Pérez Daniel , Gómez Rivera Mario Alberto
Published: July 2021

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo conocer los factores relevantes para que los jóvenes eligieran la carrera de Administración Turística. Mediante un cuestionario mixto se solicitó a todos los estudiantes que contestaran de manera anónima. El análisis de datos consistió en agrupar las respuestas similares y expresarlas en gráficos dinámicos encontrando como resultados principales que la cercanía a la población de origen y el bajo costo de la universidad son los factores que prevalecieron como los principales. El lector encontrará el perfil sociodemográfico y las condiciones sociales en las que se desenvuelven los estudiantes, las características del plan de estudios de la carrera, así como los factores de decisión, percepción, expectativas y satisfacción académica y laboral; en contraste con un acercamiento laboral desde la perspectiva de las estancias profesionales de dichos estudiantes.
What the new govt can do to set the health system right
Authors: Sarwal Rakesh
Published: July 2021

Six health system building themes have been proposed for action by the government.
Resume of Lipoprotein Metabolism
Authors: Maghfirah Ruhul , Puspita Kana
Published: July 2021

There are two pathways of protein metabolism; exogenous pathway (the lipid/cholesterol source is from the dietary) and endogenous pathway (synthesized in the body).
Minimizing the Impact of Yellowfin Tuna Thunnus albacares fishing in Banda Sea
Authors: Haruna
Published: July 2021

The declining trend of Yellowfin Tuna Thunnus albacares production in Fishery Management Territory of Indonesia 714 nowadays will affect the demand for tuna products in Indonesia and global. Regarding the management purposes, the impact of fishing needs to be minimized. Therefore, the estimation of population structure based on the length and age is very important to be studied. The data were collected from November 2015 to October 2016 from longline and handline catching activities operated in the Banda Sea. The average length of yellowfin tuna caught with longline and handline was 98.5 cm and the first length maturity was Lm 103.6 cm. The result showed that the first yellowfin tuna caught was Lc_opt 125.2 cm, where fishing mortality ratio toward natural mortality was at the level that endangered the sustainability of yellowfin tuna fisheries in the Banda Sea. To minimize the impact, there needs to be a minimum size regulation of yellowfin tuna that should be landed
ACEs in Early Childhood: Effects of Parental Substance Abuse on Socioemotional Development and Ways to Administer Quality Education to Children with ACEs
Authors: Palmer Carolynn Bryan
Published: July 2021

The current study focuses on the effects of parental substance abuse within the home environment and the resulting outcome for early childhood development in socioemotional skills and learning potential in educational, emotional, and social realms. Impaired neurological/brain development, cognitive functioning delays, and lack of proper practice with social cues (particularly in areas concerning synaptogenesis) are assessed in terms of systematic setbacks and barriers in childhood education. Further, this study considers strategies for combatting these impediments and proposes a plan for schools to implement in order to administer higher quality education to children with adverse experiences.
Concrete Seawalls: Load Considerations, Ecological Performance, Durability, and Recent Innovations
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Nima , Ghiasian Mohammad , Andiroglu Esber , Lamere Joel , Rhode-Barbarigos Landolf , Sobczak James , Sealey Kathleen Sullivan , Suraneni Prannoy
Published: July 2021

Increasing frequency of extreme weather events, driven by climate change, has resulted in an increasing demand for coastal structures to protect and stabilize shorelines. Concrete seawalls are a common category of coastal protection structures, designed with the primary objectives of absorbing wave action, preventing coastline erosion, and alleviating flooding. Much research has been carried out on improving the seawall performance. This work is a review of the current state-of-the-art in concrete seawalls focusing on design aspects including wave loading and innovative seawall designs, ecological considerations, and durability aspects. Wave loads on seawalls have received significant attention; however, their quantification remains a challenging task especially for novel designs. Drawing inspiration from natural shorelines, modification of surface complexity at a multitude of scales can improve the otherwise poor ecological performance of seawalls. The corrosion of the steel is a major durability concern, and the use of non-corrosive reinforcement can increase seawall durability towards corrosion. Examples of innovative seawall designs and systems which have the capability to outperform conventional seawalls are discussed. Advances in structural design, ecological engineering, and infrastructure materials science will drive the development of multi-functional seawalls which are sustainable, durable, and resilient.
Compassion in Buddhist psychology
Authors: Makransky John
Published: July 2021

This chapter examines compassion in three leading traditions of Buddhism. In early and Theravada Buddhism, compassion is a power for deep mental purification, protection and healing that supports inner freedom. In Mahayana Buddhism, compassion becomes the primary means to empower and communicate a non-conceptual wisdom in which self and others are sensed as undivided. In Vajrayana Buddhism, unconditional compassion radiates forth all-inclusively as a spontaneous expression of the mind’s deepest unconditioned nature. Within this discussion, John will give examples of techniques from these traditions for cultivating compassion.
Contrasting Tsongkhapa and Longchenpa: Buddhist diversity as a resource for comparative theology
Authors: Makransky John
Published: July 2021

In this essay, I will discuss contrasting ways of relating human beings to ultimate reality in several areas of Buddhist reflection, focusing on Tibetan Buddhism as example. I will focus on two major figures of fourteenth to fifteenth century Tibet, Tsongkhapa (1357-1419) and Longchen Rabjampa (1308-1364) who share basic doctrinal themes of Buddhism, yet differ considerably in their understanding of those themes. Their views represent poles of tension in Buddhism that frame a spectrum of possible positions on each theological subject. I will summarize the differing positions of these two scholars on the following Buddhist subjects: How ultimate reality (nirvāṇa) is related to the world (saṃsāra), how ultimate reality is related to persons (theological anthropology), how a Buddhist practitioner accesses ultimate reality to progress on the path of enlightenment (soteriology), and how he or she develops enlightened forms of awareness (gnoseology).
Automated and machine learning approaches in diagnostic hearing assessment: a scoping review
Authors: Pragt Leontien , Wasmann Jan-Willem A. , Eikelboom Robert , De Wet Swanepoel
Published: July 2021

Hearing loss affects one in five people worldwide and is estimated to affect one in four by 2050. Treatment relies on accurate diagnosis of hearing loss, but this first step is out of reach for more than 80% of those affected. Increasingly automated digital approaches are being developed for self-administered hearing assessment without professionals’ direct involvement. This scoping review provides an overview of automated approaches, based on 56 reports from 2012 until June 2021, adding to the 29 published prior to 2012. Twenty-seven automated approaches were identified. An increasing number of approaches report similar accuracy as manual hearing assessments. Machine learning approaches are more efficient and personal digital devices make assessments more affordable and accessible. Validity can be enhanced by quality surveillance including noise monitoring and detecting inconclusive results. Employed within identified limitations, automated hearing assessments can support task-shifting, self-care, and clinical care pathways.
Humans fail to outwit adaptive rock, paper, scissors opponents
Authors: Brockbank Erik , Vul Edward
Published: July 2021

How do humans adapt when others exploit patterns in their behavior? When can people modify such patterns and when are they simply trapped? The present work explores these questions using the children’s game of rock, paper, scissors (RPS). Adult participants played 300 rounds of RPS against one of eight bot opponents. The bots chose a move each round by exploiting unique sequential regularities in participant move choices. In order to avoid losing against their bot opponent, participants needed to recognize the ways in which their own behavior was predictable and disrupt the pattern. We find that for simple biases, participants were able to recognize that they were being exploited and even counter-exploit their opponents. However, for more complex sequential dependencies, participants were unable to change their behavior and lost reliably to the bots. Results provide a quantitative delineation of people’s ability to identify and alter patterns in their past decisions.
Imagenología Cerebro/Corporal Móvil (MoBI): Desafíos y oportunidades para la implementación de programas de investigación basados en la aproximación 4E de la cognición
Authors: Parada Francisco J. , Grasso-Cladera Aitana , Rossi Alejandra , Costa-Cordella Stefanella , Fuchs Nikolas F.
Published: July 2021

El desarrollo reciente de las ciencias psicológicas y cerebrales ha avanzado enormemente nuestro entendimiento del fenómeno cognitivo. Para lograr esto, el uso de experimentos de laboratorio ha sido esencial, sin embargo estos experimentos usualmente se encuentran lejanos a la experiencia vivida en el mundo real. Evidencia actual indica que una de las dimensiones centrales de la cognición no ha tenido presencia en la agenda de investigación teórica y empírica de las ciencias psicológicas y cerebrales durante los últimos 50 años: las dinámicas del sistema cerebro/cuerpo en acción en el mundo. Una nueva aproximación epistémico/metodológica promete un cambio radical en el contexto actual. La presente revisión parte presentando la motivación teórica subyacente a la imagenología cerebro/corporal móvil. Posteriormente presentamos evidencia empírica que avala la necesidad del cambio paradigmático y revisamos los avances metodológicos que lo han hecho posible. Finalmente presentamos los grandes desafíos y oportunidades para la Psicología del siglo XXI.
Aversive personality and COVID-19: A first review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ścigała Karolina Aleksandra , Schild Christoph , Lilleholt Lau , moshagen morten , Stückler Anna , Zettler Ingo , Pfattheicher Stefan
Published: July 2021

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has strongly affected individuals and societies worldwide. In this review and meta-analysis, we investigated how aversive personality traits—i.e., relatively stable antisocial personality characteristics—related to how individuals perceived, evaluated, and responded to the COVID-19 pandemic. Across 34 studies with overall 26,780 participants, we found that people with higher scores in aversive personality traits were less likely to perceive guidelines and restrictions to curb the spread of the virus as protective (p̂ = -.11), to engage in health behaviors related to COVID-19 (p̂ = -.16), and to engage in non-health related prosocial behavior related to COVID-19 (p̂ = -.14). We found no consistent relation between aversive personality and negative affect regarding the pandemic. The results thus indicate the importance of aversive personality traits in understanding individual differences with regard to COVID-19.