bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Initial Period of Activity of the Central Council of Ukraine: Since March 3 (16) till the National Congress in April 1917
Authors: Kucheruk Oleksandr
Published: September 2021

Among many issues related to the phenomenon of the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917–1921, the specifics of the development of the earliest stage of its history attracts special attention of the researchers. It is no accident, because during this period the Ukrainian national movement in the Russian Empire, which was in fact totally banned with the outbreak of the First World War, proved its strength and its ability to become a real factor in mobilizing the masses. The logic of historical events initiated almost immediately by the appearance in early March 1917 in Kyiv of the organizational center of Ukrainians led to a revolutionary transformation of public consciousness in terms of moderate demands made in pre-revolutionary times by a relatively small group of public figures, as well as to a strong assertion of the sovereign will of the Ukrainian people, who had irreversibly embarked on the path of state formation. The demands mainly concerned schooling, basic opportunities for development of national culture and extremely limited forms of local self-government.In view of this, the article considers both the historical context, circumstances and conditions of the establishment of the Central Council of Ukraine, and the peculiarities of positioning the representatives of various political currents during the least documented period: from the end of February 1917 to the All-Ukrainian National Congress (April 6-8, 1917). Based on the analysis of the recollections of participants and witnesses of the process, periodicals and official publications of the Central Council of Ukraine, the names of the Ukrainian figures who were its founding members, were clarified. It was emphasized that, despite the dissatisfaction of the older Ukrainian activists associated with the Society of Ukrainian Progressives, this revolutionary parliament began to form as a broad union of groups, parties and organizations representing the full range of Ukrainian political forces at the time. Particular attention is paid to the fact that at the initial stage of formation of the Central Council of Ukraine the problem of consolidation has become one of the most pressing on the agenda of national life.
In Search of the Principles for Consolidating Ukraine in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Turpak Nadiia
Published: September 2021

The article considers the key ideas of the book by P. Vodopianov and V. Krysachenko “The Strategy of Human Existence: From Apocalyptic to Noospheric Age” (2018) in the context of searching for the principles of consolidating Ukraine for achieving sustainable development goals. Emphasis is placed on the aspects that actualize the formation of a new attitude to nature, aimed at the survival of the mankind; overcoming the dangers and threats to modern society, which requires the improvement of each person and the world order as a whole. The article highlights the main ideas of the book, namely that of the significance of the latest worldview values for humanity and the idea of the expediency of choosing safe development strategies. In the context of the implementation of these ideas, it is emphasized that the authors have managed to analyze the worldviews and objective laws of nature, as well as the consequences of human activities that promote or hinder the movement of mankind towards self-destruction; explore different versions of the Apocalypse, main directions of economic, environmental, and energy security; justify the strategy for sustainable (sufficient) development. In this regard, it is shown that the elaboration of these problems carried out in the book led the author of the article to elaboration on applying the main ideas of the book to modern Ukraine, which has now entered the era of globalization. In particular, attention is focused on the achievements, difficulties and long-term tasks in solving the problem of sustainable (sufficient) development of modern Ukraine. It is concluded that this book contributes to the formation of modern global thinking, aimed at actualizing the importance of universal values and strategic and existential principles of the consolidation of humanity in general and Ukrainian society in particular.
“Let Ruthenia Teach Ruthenians in Ruthenian” Education and “Ruthenian Language” in the Works “Desiderosus” (1625) and “Perspektiwa” (1642) by Cassian Sakovych
Authors: Dovbyshchenko Mykhailo
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the role of the Old Ukrainian (Ruthenian) language in the educational process in Ukraine in the 1st half of the 17th century. It is based on the works by the prominent polemicist, scholar, and religious actor Cassian Sakovych. The study is based on his works “Desiderosus” and “Perspektiwa”, which reflected the author’s approaches to the stated problem in different periods of his life. The relevance of the theme lies in its insufficient study, as well as in the special role of the development of education and language in nation-building.Relying on the analysis of these works, it is concluded that already in the mid-1620s Cassian Sakovich believed that an effective system of national education could be built primarily on the basis of the positive experience of the Roman Catholic Church. He defended this idea almost to the end of his life. In the early 1640s, Cassian Sakovych supplemented his views on education with a public statement in “Perspektiwa” about the priority of the vernacular (Ruthenian) language in the educational process of domestic schools (“Let Ruthenia teach Ruthenians in Ruthenian”). Such a position probably resulted from reconsideration of the 1620s’ experience, when he emphasized the role of the vernacular (Ruthenian) language in the religious life of Ukrainians. It was concluded that Cassian Sakovych was the first Ukrainian nationalist of the Lithuanian-Polish era to raise the issue of the role of the vernacular in the cultural life of Ukrainians in his public debate.Priorities in the educational process give us the opportunity to imagine how exactly Cassian Sakovych saw representatives of the new generation of educated Ukrainians in the early 1640s. In his view, those were people who combined achievements of three cultures – their own national (Ukrainian), Polish, and Greek.
National Cinematography as a Response to Russian Information Aggression (A Case Study of Historical and Patriotic Films)
Authors: Semenova Oksana
Published: September 2021

The article reveals the influence of Russian information propaganda on cultural industries of Ukraine, in particular film making, and describes place and role of contemporary Ukrainian cinematography as a “soft power” in counteracting humanitarian expansion of the Russian Federation, as a factor having an influence on mass consciousness and social attitudes of Ukrainians, as means of counter-propaganda and construction of all-Ukrainian identity and formation of consolidated political nation as a whole. The author has studied the state of national cinematography during 2014–2021, analyzed the reasons which hindered its development and described public and state legislative initiatives directed at support and development of cinematography. The most popular Ukrainian historical and patriotic fiction and documentary films are examined and their role in counteracting Russia’s propaganda is defined.The article contains analysis of anti-Ukrainian films produced in the Russian Federation, annexed Crimea, and quasi-states "Donetsk People’s Republic" and "Luhansk People’s Republic"; reveals essential features of its information and psychological impact; defines manipulative techniques and methods. On the basis of analysis of Russian propaganda films, the author made a conclusion about portraying a negative image of Ukraine and broad usage of messages about the “unconstitutional coups d'etat”, “Kyiv regime” that fights against population of Donbas. We may see such negative narratives as: Ukrainians are “junta”, “fascists”, “Banderites”, “hardcore nationalists”, who fight against “common people” and “miners”. Russian propaganda concerning Crimea includes, first of all, creation of illusory picture which justifies Russia’s annexation of Crimea before the world, with meaning that this process was “inevitable” and “historically justified”.Ukrainian cinematography is considered as efficient means of opposing Russian information aggression, formation of patriotic feelings of Ukrainian people, and their aspiration for historical truth and justice. State system policy on counteracting propaganda has caused a powerful development of national cinematography, which pays considerable attention to making and promoting historical and patriotic fiction and documentary films.
Ontology of National Interests of Ukraine: System Priorities
Authors: Krysachenko Valentyn
Published: September 2021

The study is devoted to the analysis of the content of national interests of Ukraine as a system of ensuring vital needs of citizens, society, and the state. Ontological dimensions allow to outline the coexistence of a certain set of realities, including metaphysical ones, which significantly affect the possibility of successful implementation of the strategy of Ukrainian civilizational progress. National interests are determined by the needs of the triune integrity: "citizen – society – state". It is important to achieve proportionality and unity of interests of each component, including the coincidence of state and national interests of Ukraine. Priorities include human rights, the rule of law and democratic values. The direct aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, as well as the artifacts of the totalitarian system within the country, erode meanings, values, and strategic vectors of the realization of Ukraine's national interests, produce a destructive effect. Incompatibility and alternative national interests of Russia and Ukraine are substantiated, which is confirmed by factors of historical, cultural, spiritual, and economic development. In times of crisis, the activity of civil society becomes extremely important, which takes on both the definition of content and the protection of national interests. It is emphasized that the real sovereignty, security of the state, social harmony and high standard of civil life have their ontological basis for internal determinants, including national self-determination and self-establishment of the Ukrainian people. In this case, final overcoming of the spiritual-practical and political-legal consequences of Ukraine's forced stay in the system of totalitarian reality becomes of fundamental importance. It is the attempt to return Ukraine to the rule of Moscow, to level its identity in the state, ethnic and cultural dimensions, which determines the direction of Russia's aggressive policy against our state. Protecting and defending one’s own national interests becomes the key to preserving Ukraine’s own identity and establishing it as a full-fledged subject of international relations.
The Jewish Proletariat of the USSR in the Late 1920s — Early 1930s
Authors: Perha Tetiana
Published: September 2021

The article explores general tendencies of the Jewish proletariat formation in Ukraine in the late 1920s and early 1930s, analyzes the dynamic of this phenomenon in the USSR and the Ukrainian SSR, and concludes that their growth rates coincided. It shows main tendencies of the increasing number of Jewish workers at industrial enterprises of Odesa and Kyiv, and also the main spheres of employment of the Jewish population according to the population censuses of 1926 and 1939. Also, it identifies reasons for the entry of the Jewish population into the working class of the USSR, which include economic (unemployment, hunger) and political one (the need to demonstrate loyalty to the new Soviet power). It shows that the policy of industrialization served as the impetus for the encouragement of broad circles of the population, including national minorities and the Jewish population in particular, to work at factories and plants. The article considers the sources of the proletariat formation in the USSR and suggests that among the Jews there was a high proportion of artisans, employees, and traders who were converted to workers, while the share of peasants was insignificant given the policy of agrarian settlement of the Jewish population pursued by the Soviet authorities. The mechanism of recruiting potential workers in the USSR is revealed. The author elucidates the description of life of Jewish workers in the Soviet press. Using the example of Jewish workers of the Shcherbynskyi mine, author shows the path of vast majority of unskilled Jews to factories and plants, and their transformation into workers. The research concludes that despite numerous difficulties of various kinds, the number of Jewish workers in the Ukrainian SSR was constantly increasing, which can be interpreted as a logical consequence of the need to adjust to new living conditions under the Soviet rule.
State Policy and the Muslim Community Revival in Mari El in the 1990s
Authors: Efremov Evgeny Nikolaevich
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to reveal the state policy role in the Muslim community revival in the 1990s. The author determines peculiarities of the authorities and the Muslim community interaction on reviving the latter within the subject matter of the article and on the basis of the sources of the State Archives of the Mari El Republic, which are for the first time introduced into scientific use, and herein lies novelty of the research. As a result, it has been proved that such components of Muslim revival in Mari El as the regional muftiate establishment and mosque building were realized owing to the local authorities’ support in the second half of the 1990s.
Rhizomatic Approach to Disability Issues
Authors: Goldovskaya Alyona Viktorovna
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the research is to determine the possibilities of applying the approach based on the idea of the rhizome as a productive socio-philosophical foundation for theoretical understanding of disability issues. Scientific novelty lies in substantiating the statement that by considering disability issues from the standpoint of a rhizomatic approach it will be possible to develop promising disability theories that will meet modern needs. As a result, it has been shown that the possibilities of using this approach to study disability issues consist in recognising the heterogeneity and diversity of the studied group, which makes it possible to interpret disability as a manifestation of human diversity and not to reduce it to a generic deviation from the norm.
The Causes and Specificity of Miriskusniks’ Artistic Tradition Revival at the End of the XX - the Beginning of the XXI Century
Authors: Popov Alexei Valentinovich
Published: September 2021

The research objectives are as follows: to identify the causes of Miriskusniks’ (members of the artistic movement “Mir Iskusstva” (1898-1927)) artistic tradition revival among domestic painters, to reveal the specificity of this process. By the example of A. A. Mylnikov’s and A. V. Khvastunova’s creative works the researcher analyzes the existing approaches to using figurative language associated with Art Nouveau style. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the author identifies the specificity of pre-revolutionary artistic tradition representation in visual art of the end of the XX - the beginning of the XXI century. As a result, it is shown that Miriskusniks’ artistic tradition revival can be explained by the existence of collective memories about Russian Silver Age and Art Nouveau style.
Russian-Chinese Cooperation in the Sphere of Instrumental Performance: Theoretical Issues
Authors: Zhang Mingyi
Published: September 2021

Instrumental performance becomes an important sphere of Russian-Chinese cultural cooperation. The research objective includes theoretical justification of the specificity of Russian-Chinese cooperation in this sphere. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher identifies the specificity of Russian and Chinese instrumental schools, reveals the principles of their interaction. The research findings are as follows: the author reveals the contradictive and innovative nature of cultural integration based on the synthesis of instrumental performance theory and national instrumental traditions. This internally contradictive self-developing model enriches national instrumental schools, raises their global rank.
Material Support of the Soviet Regional Party-Political Elite during the 1960s-1980s (by the Materials of Orenburg Oblast)
Authors: Pakhomov Andrei Viktorovich
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the research is to identify and characterise features peculiar to the material support of the Soviet party-political elite of the 1960s-1980s at the level of individual regions. Scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the stated issue has been explored in a comprehensive manner, while similar studies using Orenburg material have not been conducted before. The paper shows the level and dynamics of party functionaries’ official incomes, characterises the system of benefits and privileges of the authoritative and administrative body. As a result, it has been found that in the setting of the Soviet deficit economy, opportunities of official position became the leading factor in the material security of regional establishment leaders.
Artistic Interpretation of V. Nijinsky’s Creativity in Graphical Works of Mexican Painter R. Montenegro
Authors: Portnova Tat'yana Vasil'evna
Published: September 2021

The paper analyzes R. Montenegro’s (1885-1968) graphical works dedicated to a famous ballet dancer Vaslav Fomich Nijinsky (1889-1950). The research objective includes revealing painter’s creative method that fits Nijinsky’s choreographic style. Artists’ creative work is analyzed in the context of artistic traditions of the end of the XIX - the beginning of the XX century. The author focuses on the problem of dance graphical interpretation; scientific originality of study involves analyzing R. Montenegro’s perception of Nijinsky’s choreographic imagery. The findings indicate that classical Art Nouveau style, the trend of the time, inspired painter’s creative imagination.
Modern Russian Enamel as a Phenomenon of Easel-Decorative Arts
Authors: Steklova Irina Alekseevna , Polyakova Tamara Alexandrovna
Published: September 2021

The article aims to determine approaches to the identification of Russian enamel, to highlight the development trends that have ensured its international success. It can be argued that achieving the aim will contribute to both specification and generalisation of the picture of modern art, which is under the stress of global reformatting. Scientific novelty of the article is represented, firstly, by legitimising easel-decorative arts as an autonomous type; secondly, by providing insight into the decorative essence of enamel in an ambivalent strive to preserve the ancient language and to foster stylistic innovation. As a result of the research, the understanding of this phenomenon is traced to the characteristic features of easel-decorative arts, which objectively depend on the aesthetics of materials and manufacturing technologies and are historically loaded with style-forming and meaning-making functions.
Children’s Images in the Works of Interior Porcelain Plastics of the USSR and the People’s Republic of China in the 1950s-1960s
Authors: Wang Yu
Published: September 2021

The article analyses the creative work of the Soviet and Chinese masters who created products of small porcelain plastics, dedicated to the children’s theme in their contrastive-comparative aspect. The study aims to identify the national differences and similarities in ideas, plots and themes embodied in the works of interior porcelain sculpture by the Soviet and Chinese masters. The scientific originality of the article lies in the fact that it reveals the peculiarities of developing the art of porcelain interior plastics in the USSR and China during the 1950-1960s. The obtained results showed that the USSR and the PRC developed their own unique artistic language in the depiction of porcelain objects in applied and decorative styles.
Folk Instrument Sound Imitation in Chinese Piano Works
Authors: Rong Yan
Published: September 2021

The research objective is as follows: to reveal the specificity of folk instrument sound imitation in Chinese piano works of the XX century. The paper provides the examples of folk instrument sound imitation in piano works by Chu Wanghua, Li Ying Hai, He Luting, Zhao Xiaosheng, Wang Jianzhong and Jiang Zuxin. Scientific originality of the study involves identifying untypical for Western piano school performing techniques the relevance of which is justified theoretically. The conducted research allows drawing the following conclusions: to perform Chinese piano works, pianists should study Chinese musical culture, should acquire a sufficient knowledge on Chinese folk instruments (specificity of construction, sound, sound extraction techniques).
Formation of Enlightenment and Education System of Tambov Governorate in the Late XIX - Early XX Century: Society of Popular Readings
Authors: Yukhachev Sergey Petrovich
Published: September 2021

The presented material sheds light on one of the interesting pages in the past of the city of Tambov and Tambov region, paints the picture of Tambov residents’ life and activities, the material and intellectual culture of the city and the region in the late XIX – early XX century. The creation of such a summarising work is conditioned by Tambov residents’ ever-increasing interest in the ancestors’ life and traditions, culture and art. Studying the history of the region allows not only better understanding the processes taking place in our home area, but also becoming better acquainted with the history of both Russia and countries abroad, since Tambov region has existed and continues to exist in constant interaction with its near and far neighbours.
Phonetic and Lexical Features of Tatar Geographical Terms of Tyumensky District
Authors: Khisamov Oleg Rishatovich , Khusainova Alina Yamilevna
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the research is to identify the core and peripheral phonetic and lexical features of geographical terms in the Tyumen dialect of the Tatar language on the territory of Tyumensky District. The paper provides examples of consonant correspondences and other phonetic phenomena (interchange, devoicing, voicing, dropping, insertion, etc.). The researchers examine the changes in the semantics (narrowing or extension) of dialectisms as components of geographical terms. A comparative analysis involving other Tatar language dialects and Turkic languages is presented. The research is novel in that it deals with studying the phonetic features peculiar to the category of geographical terms of Tatar dialect vocabulary. As a result of analysing the linguistic features, it has been ascertained that the Tyumen dialect of the Tatar language is a distinct element of the Tatar dialect system.
Media Image as a Set of Ideologemes (by the Example of the Media Image of Viktor Yanukovych Represented in the English-Language Mass Media)
Authors: Kotsyubinskaya Lyubov Vyacheslavovna , Kuzina Olga Andreevna
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study is to reconstruct the media image “Viktor Yanukovych” created by linguistic means in the English-language mass media texts by identifying its constituent ideologemes. The work is novel in that it the first to single out a set of ideologemes that form the media image of the Ukrainian politician in the press of Great Britain and the United States during the information confrontation. As a result of the study, it has been found that during an information confrontation, mass media act as communicators of political views, which are represented in texts through ideologemes carrying an evaluative connotation in order to have an impact on the addressee. Tropes and figures of speech contributed to the creation of a negative image of Viktor Yanukovych in the English-language press, which consists of four ideologemes: “a politician who did not meet the expectations of Ukrainians”, “a weak politician lacking independence”, “a politician who thinks only about personal gain”, “a cruel tyrant”.
Verbal Aggression Manifestation in Internet Comments (by the Example of the Message Board “For People Over...”, Part of the Portal “Ykt.Ru”)
Authors: Ivanova Nurguyaana Ignatievna , Nikaeva Tatiana Mikhailovna
Published: September 2021

The study aims to shed light on the features of verbal aggression manifestation on social networks of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). As a part of the study, Internet comments on one of the topics posted on the message board “For People Over…” of the portal “Ykt.Ru” were analysed. The topic of discussion was the main political event in the life of the capital of the Republic, i.e. the early election of the head of the “City of Yakutsk” municipality in March 2021. Scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it is the first time that the linguistic means and ways of expressing verbal aggression on social networks of the main Yakut Internet resource have become an object of research. The message board “For People Over…” of the portal “Ykt.Ru” has not been previously subjected to such a consideration. The study makes a certain contribution to the development of the theoretical basis for linguistic analysis of conflict Internet texts. The attained results showed that message board users, while discussing specific personalities, namely public people, and expressing their attitude to the situation in the comments, use negative evaluative vocabulary, direct insults, abusive language (invective), stylistically substandard (colloquial, vernacular) vocabulary, impolite form of address, sarcasm, etc.
Concept Maps as a Method of Cognitive Learning in Foreign Language Classes in High School
Authors: Shmaraeva Anastasia Aleksandrovna
Published: September 2021

The study aims to identify the didactic potential of concept maps in teaching a foreign language using a cognitive approach. In the article, the author relies on the works of domestic and foreign researchers and substantiates the use of concept maps from the standpoint of cognitive learning. The scientific originality of the research lies in the hypothesis of the possibility of using concept maps for the development of various types of foreign language speech activity. As a result of the study, the connection between the drawing up of concept maps and the effectiveness of the educational activity of students in the study of a foreign language was confirmed.
Ograničenja slobode izražavanja u Republici Hrvatskoj u odnosu na međunarodno pravo, s posebnim osvrtom na presude Europskog suda
Authors: Mijić Vulinović Ivana
Published: September 2021

Sloboda izražavanja misli bez sumnje je jedan od kamena temeljaca demokracije. Njezina pravna priroda kompleksna je, s obzirom na to da je ona istovremeno izvedenica i pravna konstrukcija. Naime, sloboda izražavanja misli jedan je od derivata slobode kao temeljne vrednote modernih pravnih sustava koji počivaju, jasno, na međunarodnom pravu ljudskih prava. I dok je sloboda apsolutna kategorija, sloboda izražavanja i neka druga prava to nisu.
“The naturalized son of Belarus”: The Mystery of Dr. Dittmann
Authors: Barinov Igor I.
Published: September 2021

The article examines the biography of Valentin Dittmann, a lawyer and politician of Baltic-German origin, who became a counselor of the Diplomatic Mission of the Belarusian People’s Republic (BNR) in Berlin. The German-language brochure “Weissruthenien” was published with Dittmann’s active involvement and was considered as the main source of information about this region in Germany for a long time. In a broader context, through the prism of Dittmann’s life and activities, the transformation of the system of ideas and motivations of former Imperial elites after the 1917 revolution became the subject of research. The desire to preserve and improve their social status during the political instability has significantly expanded the boundaries of imaginary. In particular, the elite representatives previously loyal to the throne could drastically change their views on the very idea of a “strong state”. From now on their position ranged from federalism to cooperation with those who were previously considered as “separatists”. On the example of Dittmann, we can follow the peculiar experience of the “homo impericus”, who strove to combine the elitist consciousness inherited from his ancestors with national democratic political views and local (Belo) russian patriotism.
Abramchik and Ostrovsky: the struggle for leadership among the Belarusian post-war emigration
Authors: Kodin Evgenii V.
Published: September 2021

The post-war Belarusian emigration, both in Europe and in the United States, was divided into two main groups: the supporters of the President of the Belarusian Central Rada R. K. Ostrowski (Astrouski) and the Chairman of the BNR Rada N. S. Abramchyk. The declassified CIA documents indicate that this was not just a rivalry for the right to speak and act on behalf of the entire Belarusian emigration, but also to receive substantial dividends from close cooperation with the American intelligence agency in the implementation of plans to destabilize the situation in Belarus through the preparation of various kinds of espionage and subversive operations, up to the direct delivery of agents to the territory of the BSSR in the 1950s, as well as in information and propaganda work against the Soviet Belarus. This confrontation took various forms: from accusations of direct collaboration with the Nazis during the war (Ostrowski) to the self-appointment as the head of the Belarusian Folk Republic (Abramchyk). The visions of the future of free Belarus and its foreign policy between these actors differed, as well as the means and methods of struggle for the liberation of the Belarusian people from the communist system. At the same time, both Abramchyk and Ostrowski understood well that in order to strengthen their positions among the Belarusian emigration, close relations with those who built and financed the anti-Soviet policy of the West during the Cold War were important. First of all, it was about the American intelligent services. And here Abramchyk won an obvious victory, and Ostrowski’s main former comrades-in-arms were soon going to move to his camp.
Rediscovering History: The Belarusian People’s Republic
Authors: Barinov Igor I.
Published: September 2021

The critical review evaluates the first general monograph on the Belarusian People’s Republic (BNR), written in Russian. It examines the development stages of the formation of this phenomenon, political discussions around the problem of Belarusian statehood in the early XX century, and also gives an extensive outline of the history of the Belarusian national movement.
An International Academic Conference “Ukrainians and Belarusians in the Eastern Europe: The Problem of Integration in Multiethnic Communities”
Authors: Dronov Mihail Yu. , Klopova Maria E.
Published: September 2021

Review of the International Academic Conference “Ukrainians and Belarusians in the Eastern Europe: The Problem of Integration in Multiethnic Communities”.
The conference “Gates of Tsaregrad: Constantinople in the history and culture of the Slavs”
Authors: Leskinen Maria V.
Published: September 2021

Review of the conference “Gates of Tsaregrad: Constantinople in the history and culture of the Slavs”
COUNTERPOINT: Theoretical and Empirical Basis for Equating Heart Rate Reserve with V̇o2 Reserve
Authors: Swain David P. , Franklin Barry A.
Published: September 2021

In 1998, the American College of Sports Medicine recommended the use of % heart rate reserve (HRR) and % oxygen consumption reserve (V̇o2R) for providing equivalent exercise intensities based on limited research regarding the relationship of HR and V̇o2 from rest to maximal exercise. It further emphasized that the percentage of aerobic capacity, or %V̇o2max, does not provide equivalent intensities to %HRR and that this discrepancy is greater for individuals with lower levels of cardiorespiratory fitness, especially at low exercise intensities. This point/counterpoint examines additional research to evaluate these relationships.
Documentation, process and implementation of advance care planning in the pediatric population: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Pawliuk Colleen , Lusney Nadine , van Breemen Camara , Hussein Zahra
Published: September 2021

Objective: To explore the literature surrounding pediatric ACP process, documenting and implementing the documentation processes in hopes to inform and support content experts in the creation of a pediatric provincial document for ACP.Introduction: The number of children with serious illness/medical complexity in this province who require ACP and documentation of medical intervention is estimated to be >500 or possibly more. An ongoing data analysis suggests that the number may exceed 1,000 children, greater than the number of children and families consulted to the CPCH program. Currently there is no provincial document for pediatric patients such as the BC Medical Orders for Scope of Treatment form (MOST) as there is in adult care.Inclusion criteria: The review will include studies that focus on documentation, process or implementation in pediatric advance care planning. Child refers to prenatal, neonate, child and youth population (0-19 years), but may also extend into young adulthood in some contexts. These children are defined as at-risk for sudden death and/or expected death prior to reaching adulthood.Methods: We will search MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Web of Science Core Collection and Google Scholar, as well as sources of unpublished studies and grey literature. Identified studies will be screened against the eligibility criteria. This review will only consider studies published in English and no date limits will be placed on the search. Relevant data will be extracted from eligible studies and the extracted data will presented in narrative and tabular/charted formats.
The Volume and Tone of Twitter Posts About Cannabis Use During Pregnancy: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Cresswell Liam , Espín-Noboa Lisette , Murphy Malia Su-Qin , Ramlawi Serine , Walker Mark C. , Karsai Márton , Corsi Daniel J
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Cannabis use has increased in Canada since its legalization in 2018, including among pregnant women who may be motivated to use cannabis to reduce symptoms of nausea and vomiting. However, a growing body of research suggests that cannabis use during pregnancy may harm the developing fetus. Patients increasingly seek medical advice from online sources, but these platforms are often used to spread anecdotal descriptions or misinformation. Given the possible disconnect between online messaging and evidence-based research about the effects of cannabis use during pregnancy, there is a potential for advice taken from social media to cause harm. We propose a scoping review of Twitter to quantify the volume and tone of English-language posts related to cannabis use in pregnancy from January 2012 to July 2021.Methods and Analysis: Using Arksey and O’Malley’s framework for scoping reviews, we will collect publicly available posts from Twitter that mention cannabis use during pregnancy and employ the Twitter Application Programming Interface (API) for Academic Research to extract data from tweets, including public metrics such as the number of likes, retweets and quotes, as well as health effect mentions, sentiment, location and users interests. These data will be used to quantify how cannabis use during pregnancy is discussed on Twitter and to build a qualitative profile of supportive and opposing posters.Ethics and Dissemination: Research ethics approval is not required for publicly accessible Twitter data. We will disseminate this review’s findings through traditional channels, including preprint and peer-reviewed publications and presentations at academic conferences. In addition, we will share our findings through professional and institutional social media accounts and web pages associated with the research team.
HUKUM LINGKUNGAN HIDUP SERTA PEMBUANGAN SAMPAH SEMBARANGAN
Authors: Astuti Endang
Published: September 2021

Lingkungan hidup merupakan sebuah daya serta kondisi dan semua benda yang dapat masuk kedalam tingkah atau pun perbuatan yang termasuk dalam sebuah ruang manusia yang berada pada pengaruh dari adanya kelangsungan hidup dan kesejahteraan menusia. Maslah lingkungan dapat sangat merusak kehidupan salah satunnya ialah membuang sampah sembarangan yang mana pembuangan sampah yang sembarangan ialah ulah dari manusia, oleh karena itu adanya suatu hukum yanng menjelaskan tentang pencemaran lingkungan serta adanya tindak pidana supaya manusia tidak membuang sampah sembarangaan. Oleh karena itu dalam artikel ini bertujuan agar manusia tidak membuang sampah sembarangan dan dapt mentaati perturan atau hukum yyang telah di tetapkan oleh pemerintah ataupun kepala deerah setempat. Dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif maaka artikel ini dapatt menghasilkan suatu dataa yang telah dianalisis dan menempatkan pembahsan pada tempatnya dan sehingga dalam penulisan ini maka manuasia sadar akan lingkungan hidup didalam kehidupananya serta sadar akan adanya hukum dan peaturan yang harus di taati.
PENUMPUKAN SAMPAH PLASTIK YANG SULIT TERURAI BERPENGARUH PADA LINGKUNGAN HIDUP YANG AKAN DATANG
Authors: Farin Syifa Evania
Published: September 2021

Sampah plastik merupakan sisa limbah yang sangat sulit terurai, plastik adalah Bahandari organic yang memiliki sifat mudah dibentuk ke bentuk apa saja jika terkena panas dan daya tekanyang kuat. Sampah plastik sangat sulit sekali terurai para ahli dan para pakar memperkirakan sampahplastik membutuhkan waktu 500 sampai 1.000 tahun agar dapat terurai. Bahan plastik sendiri sangatfamiliar bagi kehidupan manusia bahkan hamper setiap hari setiap manusia pasti menggunakan bahanplastik. dan menyumbangkan berjuta-juta sampah plastic setiap harinya, bahkan di Negara Indonesiasendiri menempati kedudukan kedua dengan sampah plastik domestik yang bisa mencapai hingga 5,4juta ton per tahunnya, tidak dapat dipungkiri jika sampah plastic akan terus tertumpuk.tujuan penulisanartikel ini untuk menambah wawasan mengenai sampah plastic mulai dari bahaya dan dampak yangditimbulkan. Menggunakan metode penulisan yang mudah dipahami sehingga dapat dengan mudahmemahami bahaya dari sampah plastic.
Upper Plate Structure and Tsunamigenic Faults near the Kodiak Islands, Alaska
Authors: Ramos Marlon , Liberty Lee , Haeussler Peter , Humphreys Robert
Published: September 2021

The Kodiak Islands lie near the southern terminus of the 1964 Great Alaska earthquake rupture area and within the Kodiak subduction zone segment. Both local and trans-Pacific tsunamis were generated during this devastating megathrust event, but the local tsunami source region and the causative faults are poorly understood. We provide an updated view of the tsunami and earthquake hazard for the Kodiak Islands region through tsunami modelling and geophysical data analysis. Using seismic and bathymetric data, we characterize a regionally extensive sea floor lineament related to the Kodiak shelf fault zone, with focused uplift along a 50-km long portion of the newly named Ugak fault as the most likely source of the local Kodiak Islands tsunami in 1964. We present evidence of Holocene motion along the Albatross Banks fault zone, but suggest that this fault did not produce a tsunami in 1964. We relate major structural boundaries to active forearc splay faults, where tectonic uplift is collocated with gravity lineations. Differences in interseismic locking, seismicity-rates, and potential field signatures argue for different stress conditions at depth near presumed segment boundaries. We find that the Kodiak segment boundaries have a clear geophysical expression and are linked to upper plate structure and splay faulting. The tsunamigenic fault hazard is higher for the Kodiak shelf fault zone when compared to the nearby Albatross Banks fault zone, suggesting short wave travel paths and little tsunami warning time for nearby communities.
Brain responses to peer feedback in social media are modulated by valence and personality dimensions in late adolescence
Authors: Wikman Patrik , Moisala Mona , Ylinen Artturi , Lindblom Jallu , Leikas Sointu , Salmela-Aro Katariina , Lonka Kirsti , Güroglu Berna , Alho Kimmo
Published: September 2021

Previous studies have examined the neural correlates of receiving negative feedback from peers during virtual social interaction in young people. However, there is a lack of studies using platforms adolescents use in daily life. In the present study, 92 participants ages 17 to 20 performed a task that involved receiving positive and negative feedback from peers in a Facebook-like platform, while brain activity was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We also studied the effects of real-life habits of social media use on neural sensitivity to negative feedback. Peer feedback was shown to activate clusters in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), superior temporal gyrus and sulcus (STG/STS), and occipital cortex (OC). Negative feedback was related to greater activity in the VLPFC, MPFC, and anterior insula than positive feedback, replicating previous findings on peer feedback and social rejection. Habits of social media use did not correlate with brain responses to negative feedback.
White matter properties underlying reading abilities differ in 8-year-old children born full term and preterm
Authors: Brignoni-Perez Edith , Dubner Sarah E. , Ben-Shachar Michal , Berman Shai , Mezer Aviv A. , Feldman Heidi , Travis Katherine E.
Published: September 2021

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) studies find differences in associations between reading and white matter fractional anisotropy (FA) in children born full term (FT) versus preterm (PT). Use of complementary neuroimaging modalities may reveal neurobiological factors driving these associations. We used two MRI methods to interpret associations of reading abilities and white matter properties in FT and PT children. Participants (N=79: 36 FT and 43 PT) were administered the Gray’s Oral Reading Test at age 8 years. We segmented two dorsal and two ventral white matter tracts associated with reading abilities and quantified (1) FA from dMRI and (2) R1 from quantitative relaxometry, as a proxy for myelin content. We examined correlations between reading scores and neuroimaging metrics, assessing trajectories along the tracts. Mean reading scores fell in the typical range in both groups. Reading positively correlated with FA in segments of the left arcuate and the left and right superior longitudinal fasciculi in FT children, but not in PT children. Reading positively correlated with R1 in segments of the left superior longitudinal, right uncinate, and left inferior longitudinal fasciculi in PT children, but not in FT children. The significantly different patterns of associations between reading abilities and white matter properties across FT and PT groups suggest variations in the neurobiology of typical reading abilities.
From the trajectory of heritability to the heritability of trajectories
Authors: Kievit Rogier , Logan Jessica A. R. , Hart Sara Ann
Published: September 2021

Although compelling and insightful, the proposal by Uchiyama et al. largely neglects within-person change over time, arguably the central topic of interest within their framework. Longitudinal behavioural genetics modeling suggests that the heritability of trajectories is low, in contrast to high and increasing cross-sectional heritability across development. Better understanding of the mechanisms of trajectories remains a crucial outstanding challenge.
Conceptual Rethinking Self-Determination Theory: The Project of Constructivist SDT
Authors: Nikolaev Dmitry
Published: September 2021

The article examines the contours of the constructivist version of SDT, based on a unified approach to the formation of motivation using various regulatory styles; within its framework, motivation is formed and changed under the influence of emotionally charged mental images. At the same time, the quality of motivation differs depending on the ratio of internal / external content used in the formation of the relevant regulatory construct. This approach logically leads to the introduction of externalization continuum by analogy with the internalization continuum in traditional SDT. Within this continuum, it is proposed to distinguish three regulatory styles – projective, causal-attributive, and categorized (externally integrated) styles. In real life, values and behaviors may be repeatedly externalized and internalized, which leads to the impossibility of distinguishing between extrinsic and intrinsic motivation in many cases. It is proposed to designate motivation corresponding to external regulation as “relatively external”. Motivation, in the formation of which the last regulatory style was one of the externalized ones, can be labeled as “externally mediated”. If the latter involved one of the internalized styles, one can talk about “internally mediated” motivation. The personality appears as a self-constructing system, in the formation of which all regulation styles take part.
Biological Essentialism Correlates with (But Doesn’t Cause?) Intergroup Bias
Authors: Bailey April , Knobe Joshua
Published: September 2021

People with biological essentialist beliefs about social groups also tend to endorse biased beliefs about individuals in those groups, including intensified emphasis on the group, stereotypes, and prejudices. These correlations could be due to biological essentialism causing bias, and some experimental studies support this causal direction. Given this prior work, we expected to find that biological essentialism would lead to increased bias compared to a control condition and set out to extend this prior work in a new direction (regarding “value-based” essentialism). But although the manipulation affected essentialist beliefs and essentialist beliefs were correlated with group emphasis (Study 1), stereotyping (Studies 2, 3a, 3b, and 3c), prejudice (Studies 3a), there was no evidence that biological essentialism caused these outcomes (NTotal = 1,903). Given these findings, our initial research question became moot. We thus focus on reexamining the relationship between essentialism and bias.
Editorial Vol.6
Authors: Chitrakar Madan
Published: September 2021

No abstract available.
Way of Being
Authors: Bajracharya Saroj
Published: September 2021

This write up aims to understand the relationship between the ancient and the modern art in relation to the foundation of the unbound state of mind that has been flowing from primitive time in Nepal. State of mind is generally defined as the mental state or mood of a person at a particular time. But in this context, time is an extended and stretched playground for artists where they have sometimes connected and at times disconnected from their primitive native continuity of individual aesthetics and collective social beliefs. And this connection and disconnection from what appears as the ancient state of mind is rather the elementary characteristics of our society that has merged with western propagated modernity in terms of arts as well as science; we have local modern art façade which got fuelled around the mid 19th century in Nepal and combusted in the mid 20th century here. When one enters into this creative façade, one can still feel the unbound state of mind that emanates mystic, relaxed and harmonious qualities in some of the artworks by local artists. When these qualities unify with popular styles of expressions in Nepal, we coincide with the Nepaliness in a work of art of recent times.