bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cross-species conserved miRNA as biomarker of radiation injury over a wide dose range using nonhuman primate model
Authors: Chakraborty Nabarun , Dimitrov George , Kanan Swapna , Lawrence Alexander , Moyler Candance , Gautam Aarti , Fatanmi Oluseyi O. , Wise Stephen Y. , Carpenter Alana D. , Hammamieh Rasha , Singh Vijay K.
Published: November 2024

Multiple accidents in nuclear power plants and the growing concerns about the misuse of radiation exposure in warfare have called for the rapid determination of absorbed radiation doses (RDs). The latest findings about circulating microRNA (miRNAs) using several animal models revealed considerable promises, although translating this knowledge to clinics remains a major challenge. To address this issue, we randomly divided 36 nonhuman primates (NHPs) into six groups and exposed these groups to six different radiation doses ranging from 6.0–8.5 Gy in increments of 0.5 Gy. Serum samples were collected pre-irradiation as well as three post-irradiation timepoints, namely 1, 2 and 6 days post-total body irradiation (TBI). Generated from a deep sequencing platform, the miRNA reads were multi-variate analyzed to find the differentially expressed putative biomarkers that were linked to RDs, time since irradiation (TSI) and sex. To increase these biomarkers’ translational potential, we aligned the NHP-miRNAs’ sequences and their functional responses to humans following an in-silico routine. Those miRNAs, which were sequentially and functionally conserved between NHPs and humans, were down selected for further analysis. A linear regression model identified miRNA markers that were consistently regulated with increasing RD but independent TSI. Likewise, a set of potential TSI-markers were identified that consistently shifted with increasing TSI, but independent of RD. Additional molecular analysis found a considerable gender bias in the low-ranges of doses when the risk to radiation-induced fatality was low. Bionetworks linked to cell quantity and cell invasion were significantly altered between the survivors and decedents. Using these biomarkers, an assay could be developed to retrospectively determine the RD and TSI with high translational potential. Ultimately, this knowledge can lead to precise and personalized medicine.
Developing consensus on priorities for preconception care in the general practice setting in the UK: Study protocol
Authors: Schoenaker Danielle , Lovegrove Elizabeth , Santer Miriam , Matvienko-Sikar Karen , Carr Helen , Alwan Nisreen A. , Kubelabo Laura , Davies Nathan , Godfrey Keith M.
Published: November 2024

Background

Preconception medical, behavioural and socioeconomic risk factors are common among people of reproductive age and can impact pregnancy and offspring outcomes. In line with clinical guidance, primary care practitioners are encouraged to support patients to manage and optimise their health prior to pregnancy. Due to barriers, including lack of time and resources, this support is not currently part of routine practice.

Aim

As a first step towards the co-development of practical and realistic best practice guidance, this study aims to achieve consensus on a list of priority risk factors that can be used in general practice to guide opportunistic preconception care for patients of reproductive age.

Methods

This study protocol was developed with a Public Advisory Group of people of reproductive age, researchers and primary care practitioners. The consensus study will consist of three steps: 1) identifying an initial long-list of candidate risk factors and defining principles for scoring the importance of each risk factor, through a literature review, workshops with people of reproductive age, and interviews with primary care practitioners; 2) stakeholder participant prioritisation of each candidate risk factor for its importance for preconception care through a three-round eDelphi survey; and 3) agreeing on the final priority list through consensus meetings with a selected group of stakeholders. Participants living in the UK will be recruited across two stakeholder groups: people of reproductive age (through the Public Advisory Group and charities) and primary care professionals (through professional organisations).

Ethical approval

This study has been approved by the University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine Ethics Committee (ERGO 83699 and 92950).

Dissemination

All study findings will be shared through stakeholder participants, peer-reviewed publication, lay summary, meetings and conference presentations, and relevant professional and community organisations. Ongoing research will inform implementation of the priority list in clinical practice.
An efficient approach for broadband sound absorption using periodic multi-layer solid inclusions in acoustic coatings
Authors: Li Xiaogang , Liu Peng , Zhang Xilong , Zhu Xiaoyang , Zhang Hongbo
Published: November 2024

Anechoic coatings are of significance for enhancing the acoustic stealth of underwater equipment. Acoustic coatings with multi-layers of periodic solid inclusions are proposed and investigated for broadband sound absorption. Firstly, an analysis model is derived to calculate effective material and geometric parameters of the layer of solid scatterers. Thereafter the acoustic absorption properties can be obtained by the transfer matrix method. Compared with the finite element method, the analytical model is proven to be viable and efficient. The effect of different geometrical parameters on the acoustic performance is investigated when there is one layer of steel inclusions. In addition, the genetic algorithm is used to quickly achieve the broadband absorption for the two-layer case. The optimized structure, featuring subwavelength thicknesses, has significantly improved its sound absorption performance across a wide frequency range spanning from 1780 Hz to 8890 Hz, covering over two octaves. Finally, the influence of different materials of scatterers on the sound absorption is investigated. This study can provide theoretical guidance for the design and optimization of acoustic coatings with multi-layer solid inclusions.
A protocol for investigating long-term social discrimination memory: Evidence in female and male Long Evans rats
Authors: Pirri Fardad , Burke Francine F. , McCormick Cheryl M.
Published: November 2024

Social discrimination, the investigation of a novel peer more so than a familiar peer, is used as a measure of social memory. There is much less research on long-term social memory than short-term social memory, and no long-term social memory research in female rats. The majority of long-term social discrimination research has relied on long familiarization session of an hour or more and involved juveniles as the stimulus peers. Here we show that a 30-minute familiarization session is sufficient to produce social discrimination 24 h later in both male and female rats and allows for measurement of social approach. Other methodological considerations are described, such as: that age- and sex-matched stimulus peers can be used across a wider range of ages than the use of juveniles; evidence that a familiar peer in a novel location attenuates social discrimination; that the first 10 minutes of the social approach reliably shows a preference for the social peer over an object whereas the 30-minute session does not; and that 10-minute discrimination sessions are preferable to 5-minute sessions. The research satisfies the goal of obtaining an efficient procedure to investigate both the possibility of enhancing or diminishing social approach and social memory with experimental manipulations in both sexes.
Spinal motor evoked responses elicited by transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation in chronic stroke: Correlation between spinal cord excitability, demographic characteristics, and functional outcomes
Authors: Veit Nicole C. , Yang Chen , Aalla Shreya , Kishta Ameen , McKenzie Kelly , Roth Elliot J. , Jayaraman Arun
Published: November 2024

Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) is becoming a promising neuromodulation technique to promote motor recovery in various neurological conditions, including stroke. As this intervention moves forward into clinical practice, it is important to understand how the elicited neurophysiological measures are related to the functional and neuromuscular deficits of the population of interest in order to personalize tSCS interventions and assess its effectiveness. Specifically, neurophysiological measurements of spinal cord excitability can be achieved by recording with EMG spinal motor evoked responses (sMERs) in muscles after applying single pulses of tSCS to the spinal cord. The objective of this study was to investigate potential correlations between baseline spinal cord excitability, as measured by resting motor threshold (RMT) and peak-to-peak (P2P) amplitude of the sMERs, and various factors including demographic characteristics, severity of spasticity, muscle strength, and gait speed in individuals post-stroke. Additionally, the study sought to explore disparities in excitability between the paretic and non-paretic sides. Fifteen participants with chronic stroke underwent sMER assessments. We observed a strong positive correlation between RMT and body weight, indicating weight as a potential confounding variable when comparing RMTs from sMERs between individuals. Furthermore, paretic muscles exhibited lower RMTs and higher P2P amplitudes compared to non-paretic muscles. The results demonstrate that sMERs hold promise in uncovering disparities in spinal excitability in stroke participants. Furthermore, careful interpretation and analysis of sMERs is advised, particularly as higher RMTs were associated with higher body weight and could impact the clinical feasibility of tSCS for some participants. These results should be considered in future tSCS protocols that aim to develop more personalized interventions across different neurological populations and optimize sMERs’ utility as an outcome measure.
Factors associated with low health-related quality of life in persons with multiple sclerosis: A quantile-based segmentation approach
Authors: Iaquinto Stefania , Ineichen Benjamin Victor , Salmen Anke , Kuhle Jens , Benkert Pascal , Hofer Lisa , Calabrese Pasquale , Kamm Christian P. , Roth Patrick , Zecca Chiara , Ammann Sabin , Pot Caroline , von Wyl Viktor ,   for the Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Registry
Published: November 2024

Background

Improving health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important disease management goal in persons with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS). HRQoL decreases with increasing age and prolonged disease duration; other factors remain less understood.

Objective

To identify associations of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease characteristics and symptom burden with low HRQoL.

Methods

Using the Swiss MS Registry, we applied quantile regression adjusted for age and MS disease duration to determine 25th (low HRQoL) and 75th (high HRQoL) percentiles of the EuroQol-5-Dimension (EQ-5D) distribution for PwMS. We compared PwMS across HRQoL groups by analyzing differences in sociodemographics, symptom burden, MS risk factors, gait impairment, and the MS Severity Score (MSSS), all measured at the same time as HRQoL. The analyses included descriptive methods, multivariable multinomial regression, and simultaneous quantile regression as a sensitivity analysis.

Results

We included 1697 PwMS with median age and time-to-diagnosis of 49 and 9 years. Multivariable regression revealed low HRQoL to be associated with receiving invalidity insurance benefits, reporting depression, muscle weakness, memory problems, pain, and severe gait impairment. The analysis for individuals with available MSSS (n = 937) showed an increasing probability of low HRQoL with higher MSSS.

Conclusion

Our segmentation method identified symptom burden and MS severity as factors associated with low HRQoL. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological MS symptom management, especially for depression, fatigue, pain, and muscle weakness, may warrant increased attention to preserve or improve HRQoL.
Boosted Harris Hawks Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Augmented Deep Learning based motor imagery classification for brain computer interface
Authors: Assiri Fatmah Yousef , Ragab Mahmoud
Published: November 2024

Motor imagery (MI) classification has been commonly employed in making brain-computer interfaces (BCI) to manage the outside tools as a substitute neural muscular path. Effectual MI classification in BCI improves communication and mobility for people with a breakdown or motor damage, delivering a bridge between the brain’s intentions and exterior actions. Employing electroencephalography (EEG) or aggressive neural recordings, machine learning (ML) methods are used to interpret patterns of brain action linked with motor image tasks. These models frequently depend upon models like support vector machine (SVM) or deep learning (DL) to distinguish among dissimilar MI classes, such as visualizing left or right limb actions. This procedure allows individuals, particularly those with motor disabilities, to utilize their opinions to command exterior devices like robotic limbs or computer borders. This article presents a Boosted Harris Hawks Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Augmented Deep Learning (BHHSHO-DL) technique based on Motor Imagery Classification for BCI. The BHHSHO-DL technique mainly exploits the hyperparameter-tuned DL approach for MI identification for BCI. Initially, the BHHSHO-DL technique performs data preprocessing utilizing the wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) model. Besides, the enhanced densely connected networks (DenseNet) model extracts the preprocessed data’s complex and hierarchical feature patterns. Meanwhile, the BHHSHO technique-based hyperparameter tuning process is accomplished to elect optimal parameter values of the enhanced DenseNet model. Finally, the classification procedure is implemented by utilizing the convolutional autoencoder (CAE) model. The simulation value of the BHHSHO-DL methodology is performed on a benchmark dataset. The performance validation of the BHHSHO-DL methodology portrayed a superior accuracy value of 98.15% and 92.23% over other techniques under BCIC-III and BCIC-IV datasets.
Cognitive load as a mediator in self-efficacy and English learning motivation among vocational college students
Authors: Zhang Hui
Published: November 2024

Chinese vocational colleges, under global and educational pressures, encounter challenges in IT integration for English teaching, which risks dampening student motivation due to heightened cognitive load. This study addresses the need to elucidate the mediating role of cognitive load in the relationship between self-efficacy and learning motivation among these students. By integrating Social Cognitive Theory(SCT) and Cognitive Load Theory(CLT), the research employs a structural equation model to analyze survey data, revealing that self-efficacy positively impacts deep and achievement motivation and negatively influences cognitive load, which in turn affects learning motivation. These insights underscore the importance of fostering self-efficacy and managing cognitive load to enhance vocational students’ English learning motivation, offering valuable guidance for educational practices and curriculum development in the face of global challenges.
The interplay of fear of pain, emotional states, and pain perception in medical and nursing students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Romualdo João Miguel , Borges Elisabete , Tavares Isaura , Pozza Daniel H.
Published: November 2024

Background

Fear of pain is known to influence pain perception and worsen pain outcomes. However, its relationship with pain threshold remains unclear. Negative emotional states, namely depression, anxiety, and stress, have been found to increase fear of pain. Previous pain experiences, both undergone and observed, can also influence fear of pain. Furthermore, healthcare students’ interactions with pain patients may be influenced by fear of pain and pain perception. This study aimed to assess fear of pain among Portuguese medical and nursing students, analyse its association with sex, negative emotional states, previous pain experiences, and curricular year, and evaluate the influence of fear of pain on heat pain threshold.

Methods

A survey based on validated Portuguese questionnaires was carried out. Participants were then invited for quantitative sensory tests to assess heat pain threshold.

Results

Fear of pain was similar for medical and nursing students. Female students presented a higher fear of medical pain. Stress was associated with an increased fear of severe pain. Previous painful experiences, particularly those involving medical procedures, have been found to be variably associated with fear of pain, depending on the type and characteristics of these experiences. No associations were found between fear of pain and curricular year, nor between heat pain threshold and sex or fear of pain.

Conclusions

This study highlights relevant aspects of the emotional and cognitive modulation of fear of pain and pain perception in medical and nursing students. The influence of previous pain experiences on fear of pain is also essential because healthcare students are frequently exposed to painful medical situations during their courses. As altered pain perception can influence their role as future healthcare professionals, the study of fear of pain and its modulators in healthcare students represents an important research field.
Neuroanatomical location of lung cancer brain metastases in 234 patients with a focus on cancer subtyping and biomarkers
Authors: Bonert Michael , Schittenhelm Jens , Begum Housne , Lu Jian-Qiang , Swaminath Anand , Juergens Rosalyn A. , Berzins Alison , Cutz Jean-Claude , Naqvi Asghar H.
Published: November 2024

Brain metastases are frequent in neuropathology practices; however, the literature on their distribution is frequently derived from imaging studies. This work examined metastases of lung cancer to the brain through the lens of pathology specimens. All brain surgical pathology cases accessioned from 2011–2020 were retrieved from a regional laboratory. Specimens were classified by neuroanatomical location, diagnostic category, and diagnosis with a hierarchical free text string-matching algorithm. All reports classified as probable metastasis per algorithm were reviewed by a pathologist. Lung biomarkers and selected immunostains were retrieved with text parsing and reviewed. Among 4,625 cases of brain surgical resection specimens, 854 were classified as probable metastasis by the algorithm. On report review, 538/854 cases were confirmed as metastasis with a known primary site. The 538 cases were from 511 patients and 234/511 patients had lung primaries. Small cell lung cancer lesions were most frequently found in the cerebellum (17/30). Lesions from lung adenocarcinoma (59/164) and non-small cell carcinoma-not otherwise specified (NSCLC-NOS) (15/34) were most commonly found in the frontal lobe. Squamous cell carcinoma lesions were most commonly found in the frontal and occipital lobes (8/27). 72/234 cases were reported as NSCLC-NOS and could be further subclassified using immunostaining (41/72). Lung biomarker data were retrieved in ~38% of cases. PD-L1 positivity was dependent on neuroanatomical distribution (p = 0.04); other examined biomarkers were not. The distribution of lung tumours metastatic to the brain is dependent on the lung cancer subtype (p<0.001). The reporting of histologic subtype could be further optimized in the local environment.
The effectiveness of a multi-domain electronic feedback report on the performance of quality indicators for chronic conditions: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial in general practice
Authors: Jäger Levy , Markun Stefan , Grischott Thomas , Senn Oliver , Rosemann Thomas , Burgstaller Jakob M.
Published: November 2024

Background

Chronic conditions are a significant public health concern due to their rising prevalence, association with high mortality, and substantial healthcare costs. General practitioners play a crucial role in managing these conditions, and quality indicators are essential tools for assessing the quality of care. Electronic feedback reports incorporating quality indicator performance have shown promise in improving care quality. However, most studies have focused on single conditions or link feedback to financial incentives, which may not sustain long-term practice changes. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-condition electronic feedback reports on quality indicator performance in Swiss general practice without financial incentives.

Methods

This randomized controlled trial involves general practitioners enrolled in the FIRE project, a database of electronic medical records from Swiss primary care. Participants are randomized to receive either a plain feedback report or a comprehensive quality indicator -specific feedback report bi-monthly for 12 months. The plain feedback report contains descriptive summaries of practice activities, while the quality indicator-specific feedback report includes performance data on 14 quality indicators across cardiovascular, endocrine, pulmonary, and renal domains. The quality indicators were selected in multi-step process involving review of the literature and clinical guidelines, domain expert consultations, and a panel discussion with general practitioners. The primary study objective is to compare the effectiveness of the quality indicator-specific feedback report and of the plain feedback report with respect to the performance of the selected quality indicators.

Conclusion

The study addresses a critical gap by evaluating a multi-condition feedback report without financial incentives. Its findings can inform future health policies and strategies, in line with national and international initiatives that promote or even require the implementation of quality measurement activities in general practice.

Trial registration

Trial registry: ISRCTN. Registration number: ISRCTN10637092, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN10637092. Registered January 9, 2024.
Researching and reinventing the Kalbelia quilts of Rajasthan
Authors: Mehta Rena , Singh Pallavi , Gupta Toolika , Meena Madan
Published: November 2024

The tribes in states across India have a rich cultural history of practising dance, music and crafts to earn their living. Rajasthan is famous for its handcrafted products and accessories that represent an economic attribute and are valued for their sociocultural histories, including their future conservation. This ethnographic study on Kalbelia Gudadis of Rajasthan highlights the little-known craft and provides design solutions to the artisans for sustaining the specialist quilt-making process. The women of communities based in Rajasthan have traditionally practised the art of layered quilting using vibrant-coloured textiles stitched with magnificent embroidery. While some communities still practise the craft, it is becoming more difficult to sustain economically. The research is aimed, first, at documenting the art of quilt-making by the Kalbelia community and, second, identifying the problems the craftswomen face in maintaining the craft’s survival. The third phase of the study represents a design intervention with the community as a possible solution to revive the craft. Cluster is a small village which has yet to be discovered for its neglected craft skills. The study proposes a solution for maintaining the community’s textile skills and for standing nationally and internationally in the market. The investigation focuses on providing a sustainable solution to the manufacturing of the Gudadis/quilts by introducing natural dyes and organic textiles and implying product diversification techniques to extend markets for current and future makers.
Older Adults With Celiac Disease Are At Increased Risk of Frailty: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Zylberberg Haley M. , Lebwohl Benjamin , Söderling Jonas , Kochar Bharati , Jylhävä Juulia , Green Peter H.R. , Ludvigsson Jonas F.
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Celiac disease (CeD) is increasingly diagnosed in older adults, though few studies have explored complications in this group. As frailty confers increased risk for adverse events, we aimed to explore frailty in older adults with CeD.

METHODS:

In a nationwide Swedish cohort, we identified adults ≥60 years with incident CeD between 2004 and 2017 which we matched to population-based controls without CeD by age, sex, county, and calendar-period. Baseline frailty within 3 years before CeD diagnosis or index date was assessed using the Hospital Frailty Risk Score. Among those without baseline frailty, we used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of future frailty at 5 years comparing CeD with controls. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between persistent villous atrophy vs mucosal healing and frailty in patients with CeD.

RESULTS:

A total of 4,646 older adults with CeD were matched to 21,944 non-CeD individuals. Baseline frailty was increased in patients with CeD (54.4%) compared with controls (29.7%, P < 0.001), which existed across all frailty categories: low-risk (43.4% vs 23.8%), intermediate-risk (10.3% vs 5.4%), and high-risk (0.8% vs 0.6%). Among those without baseline frailty, patients with CeD had a 61% increased risk of overall frailty at 5 years (95% confidence interval 1.46–1.78). Mucosal healing in CeD individuals on follow-up biopsy did not protect against future frailty.

DISCUSSION:

Older adults with CeD were significantly more likely to become frail than matched comparators. This analysis reveals the increased vulnerability that older patients with CeD are likely to experience.
“To Mystify, Terrify, and Enchant”: Queer Nation and the Historiography of Queer Politics
Authors: Hanhardt Christina B.
Published: November 2024

Queer Nation, founded in New York City in 1990, is one of the earliest activist groups to be organized around the term queer. This article provides a history of the founding chapter of Queer Nation and maps the group's political ideals and strategies, highlighting tensions within and outside the organization about race and gender, liberalism, and antiassimilationism, among other issues. In doing so, the article also offers a framework for thinking about antinormativity in the history and historiography of queer politics and theory.
A clinical case of factitious hypoglycemia in a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ivanova D. S. , Dzagakhova A. V. , Mikhina M. S. , Ibragimova L. I. , Yukina M. Y.
Published: November 2024

Artificial hypoglycemia (Munchausen syndrome) is a condition caused by low blood glucose due to the deliberate taking of insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs. Artificial hypoglycemia remains one of the problems that endocrinologists face in their practice; a diagnostic search for its etiological factor can lead to expensive and unnecessary studies. Diagnosis of artificial hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus on insulin therapy seems to be a labor-intensive task, since unlike most factitious disorders, which may be indicated by atypical manifestations of the disease or conflicting medical information about the patient, in patients with diabetes mellitus hypoglycemic syndrome is an expected unwanted event due to insulin therapy. Therefore, deliberate insulin administration is often not diagnosed until self-induced hypoglycemia becomes recurrent and/or severe. If artificial hypoglycemia is suspected, a number of authors currently recommend testing С peptide and a combination of two methods for quantitative determination of insulin in the blood using different analyzer systems. Active collaboration between clinical and laboratory specialists is the key to successfully solving such a diagnostic problem.

This article presents a clinical case of Munchausen syndrome in a 28-year-old patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus with recurrent hypoglycemia during 21 years, repeated severe hypoglycemia, including loss of consciousness, and proven intentional administration of an insulin analog drug during hospital stay; the complex diagnostic path passed before making the correct diagnosis is described.
Biomass Pyrolysis: A Comprehensive Review of Production Methods, Derived Products, and Sustainable Applications in Advanced Materials
Authors: Waluyo Joko , Purba Ibnu Tryansar , Linanggeng Zhufara Adhil , Maulana Muhammad Luthfi , Kanchanatip Ekkachai , Yan Mi , Hantoko Dwi
Published: November 2024

Pyrolysis is an effective method of turning complex materials, like waste, into valuable commodities. This process stands out because it can be easily adjusted to change different parameters and improve the quality of the final products. Biomass, abundant in carbonaceous constituents, emerges as a primary candidate for pyrolysis, presenting the opportunity to generate a diverse array of carbon-based products with broad applicability and desirability, including activated carbon (AC), magnetic activated carbon (MAC), graphene, and carbon nanotubes (CNT). The study explores various methodologies of biomass pyrolysis, highlighting the factors that influence product characteristics and examining the potential applications of pyrolysis-derived products. These processes demonstrate the capability of pyrolysis technology to convert biomass into valuable carbon-based materials, which are highly sought after in applications ranging from environmental remediation and other relevant applications. AC and MAC can be synthesized from biomass through pyrolysis. At the same time, graphene and CNT can be derived from the hydrocarbon fraction of pyrolyzed biomass or through in situ exfoliation and oxidation-reduction reactions of graphite. A comprehensive examination of these facets establishes a framework for grasping the potential of pyrolysis in biomass conversion and the possibilities for commercializing the end-products. The global warming potential of graphene production is higher compared to other materials (reaching 106 kg CO2/kg), making it the most expensive material (US$ 857/cm2). The predicted global market size for the commercial viability of AC, graphene, and CNT has a steady incline, indicating a robust rising trend in demand. This increasing demand makes the production of these materials attractive and significant economically.
Discipulado misionero y pastoral universitaria: cuatro claves para la evangelización del mundo universitario
Authors: Romero-Sierra Maria Cristina , Santa Cruz Vera Dalia
Published: November 2024

Es de singular importancia para la labor evangelizadora en la universidad retomar el impulso misionero iniciado en la V Conferencia General del Episcopado Latinoamericano, llevada a cabo en Aparecida, y colaborar para que este prospere desde las pastorales universitarias. Por ello, el objetivo de este capítulo es brindar algunas claves para impulsar el discipulado misionero en el ámbito universitario, fortaleciendo con ello la conciencia de la vocación a la santidad en la vida social y cultural de los fieles laicos. El texto propone y desarrolla cuatro claves para formar discípulos misioneros, las cuales encuentran su fuente de inspiración tanto en las experiencias apostólicas llevadas a cabo dentro del área de Pastoral de la Universidad Católica de Colombia como en la obra pedagógica del reconocido educador español Tomás Morales Pérez, S. J., y en las enseñanzas del actual pontífice, el papa Francisco. Estas claves son: a) impulsar la formación humana integral; b) privilegiar el cultivo de la vida interior; c) promover una pastoral de la misericordia y el acompañamiento espiritual; y d) desarrollar una pedagogía para el servicio: “hacer-hacer”. El escrito finaliza presentando algunos testimonios de jóvenes que han experimentado la alegría como fruto de su entrega generosa a los más vulnerables en el ámbito de las misiones universitarias.
La intimidad de la persona: una mirada desde la educación y la jurisprudencia
Authors: Ramírez Orozco Sandra Ligia , Vergara Gómez Luis Miguel
Published: November 2024

El estudio de la intimidad de la persona nos acerca a los planteamientos del proyecto educativo de la Universidad Católica de Colombia donde se asume a la persona como centro de su misión institucional y la comunidad educativa adquiere la responsabilidad de profundizar en el fenómeno de la persona, su dignidad y sus notas características, con el fin de ofrecer una formación que les permita a los estudiantes crecer íntegramente. De allí que, en la recolección, el tratamiento y la circulación de datos, se debe respetar la libertad y demás garantías consagradas en la Constitución política. La correspondencia y demás formas de comunicación privada son inviolables, sólo pueden ser interceptadas o registradas mediante orden judicial, en los casos y con las formalidades que establezca la ley. A partir de la norma suprema y la jurisprudencia, es veraz establecer que, en Colombia, el derecho a la intimidad es considerado esencial para el desarrollo de la vida humana.
Influence of exposure duration on human pressure‐induced inflammatory responses: Comparison between tunnel workers and underwater divers
Authors: Imtiyaz Zuha , O'Neill Owen J. , Sward Douglas , Le Phi‐Nga Jeannie , Arya Awadhesh K. , Bhopale Veena M. , Bhat Abid R. , Thom Stephen R.
Published: November 2024

Information is scarce on human responses to high pressure exposures out of water, such as related to tunnel construction workers. We hypothesized that differences in the longer durations of exposures for tunnel workers versus underwater divers results in greater inflammatory responses linked to the pathophysiology of decompression sickness (DCS). Blood was analyzed from 15 tunnel workers (36.1 ± 10.5 (SD) years old, 6 women) exposed to 142–156 kPa pressure for 4.1–4.9 h compared to 8 SCUBA divers (39.3 ± 13.3 (SD) years old, 6 women) exposed to 149 kPa for 0.61 hours. Despite differences in pressure duration between groups, elevations were the same for blood microparticles (MPs) (128 ± 28% MPs/μl) and intra‐MPs interleukin (IL‐1β) (376 ± 212% pg/million MPs), and for decreases of plasma gelsolin (pGSN, 31 ± 27% μg/mL). The number of circulating CD66b + neutrophils and evidence of cell activation, insignificant for divers, increased in tunnel workers. Across 3 exposures, the mean neutrophil count increased 150 ± 11%. Neutrophil activation increased by 1 to 2% of cells expressing cell surface CD18, myeloperoxidase, platelet‐specific CD41, and decrease of cell bound pGSN. We conclude that MPs elevations occur rapidly in humans and reach steady state in minutes with pressure exposures and neutrophil activation requires significantly longer exposure times.
A new machine learning approach based on spatial fuzzy data correlation for recognizing sports activities
Authors: Xu Pengru , Zhou Junhui , Kausar Nasreen , Lin Chunlei , Lu Qianqian , Ghaderpour Ebrahim , Pamucar Dragan , Zadeh Ardashir M.
Published: November 2024

Wearable sensors (WS) play a vital role in health assistance to improve the patient monitoring process. However, the existing data collection process faces difficulties in error corrections, rehabilitation, and training validations. Therefore, the data analysis requires additional effort to reduce the overall problems in sports rehabilitation. The existing research difficulties are overcome by applying the proposed spatial data correlation with a support vector machine (SDC-SVM). The algorithm uses the hyperplane function that recognizes sportsperson activities and improves overall activity recognition efficiency. The sensor data are analyzed according to the input margin, and the classification process is performed. In addition, feature correlation and input size are considered to maximize the overall classification procedure of WS data correlation using the size and margin of the input and previously stored data. In both the differentiation and classification instances, the spatiotemporal features of data are extracted and analyzed using support vectors. The proposed SDC-SVM method can improve recognition accuracy, F1 score, and computing time for the varying WS inputs, classifications, and subjects.
Resultative secondary predicates in cooking recipes: an empirical study of Germanic and Romance languages
Authors: Métairy Justine
Published: November 2024

The present article provides a contrastive corpus-based analysis of resultative secondary predicates in recipe contexts. Two Germanic languages (Dutch and English) and two Romance languages (French and Spanish) are investigated. Based on a sample of 4,000 (i.e., 1,000 per language) resultative constructions (RCs) retrieved from a tailor-made corpus of cooking recipes, this study sheds new light on Talmy’s typological dichotomy between satellite-framed and verb-framed languages. Specifically, it is shown that (i) Adjectival phrases (APs) are not totally excluded from Romance RCs but their occurrence is restricted in several ways. (ii) Prepositional phrases (PPs) can be headed by a whole range of prepositions (or ‘result markers’) which exhibit important differences in terms of semantic properties, token frequency, and distribution across verb classes: ‘weak’ result markers, which mainly consist of locative prepositions (viz. in ‘in’ in Dutch, in in English and en ‘in’ and a ‘to’ in Spanish) occur almost exclusively in RCs that contain achievements, which are argued to be less dynamic, depictive-like instances of the construction. By contrast, ‘strong’ result markers (e.g., tot ‘to/until’ in Dutch, to, into, and until in English, en ‘in’ in French and a punto de ‘to point of’ in Spanish) combine with various aspectual classes, including activities, and may therefore give rise to ‘strong’ (i.e., aspect-shifting) RCs. Finally, (iii) although they are both ‘satellite-framed’ languages, Dutch and English impose different restrictions on the formal encoding of APs, which are very often preceded by the preposition until in English as a result of discourse and internal language factors.
Effects of Livestock-Keeping on the Transmission of Mosquito-Borne Diseases
Authors: Olagunju Emmanuel Ajibola , Ayewumi Iyanuoluwa Temitope , Adeleye Bobola Emmanuel
Published: November 2024

Livestock husbandry provides people with a means of generating revenue and sustenance. However, this activity influences the dispersal of mosquitoes and the diseases that they transmit. Therefore, this study was aimed at examining the effects of livestock husbandry on mosquito population density and the spread of mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs), to raise public awareness of how to protect against MBDs. To accomplish these objectives, we gathered relevant material by searching pertinent databases and extracting relevant data. Overall, we found that livestock husbandry can have both positive and negative effects on MBD occurrence. Furthermore, cattle husbandry increases mosquito populations, and pigs, horses, dogs, and cats can serve as sentinel animals for arboviruses. Implementing strategies such as administering endectocides to cattle and relocating large animals away from residential areas can safeguard against MBDs. Our research suggested that the One Health approach is essential for effectively managing and controlling MBDs. Moreover, offering comprehensive public education regarding potential zoonotic disease hazards associated with livestock husbandry is crucial in both rural and urban areas.
Memorias I° Jornada de Investigación de la Escuela de Ciencias Agrarias de la Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica (ECA-UNA)
Authors: Peraza Padilla Walter , Molina Bravo Ramón
Published: November 2024

The School of Agricultural Sciences (ECA) of the National University plays a crucial role in the generation, dissemination, and transfer of knowledge to society. Through its diverse programs, projects, laboratories, and academic activities, ECA addresses various strategic areas related to the management of agricultural resources, innovation in sustainable production systems, genetic improvement, and food security.
As an academic unit, we are aware of the importance of disseminating and sharing the results of the main research conducted within the School. This is achieved by creating spaces to showcase the wide range of projects ECA undertakes to different stakeholders, including students, academics, producers, and the general public. The aim of these spaces is to foster multidisciplinary approaches that generate a positive impact in the search for solutions to the major challenges facing the agricultural sector, both nationally and regionally.
In this context, the School of Agricultural Sciences organizes the 1st Research Conference as a key platform to present the main research conducted by this academic unit. This event seeks to share experiences with the entire university community and other stakeholders in the agricultural sector, fostering an enriching and collaborative dialogue.
The realization of this event underscores the importance of joining efforts to promote innovation and sustainability in the agricultural sector, essential elements for the economic and social development of our country.
Ecological challenges in the river basins of Ukraine: analysis of the causes and consequences of crisis situations
Authors:   Національний університет водного господарства та природокористування, Basiuk Tetiana , Gopchak Igor
Published: November 2024

Причиною формування кризових ситуацій у екосистемах, особливо водних та навколоводних, є екстенсивний характер розвитку економіки України. Протягом тривалого часу у країні переважали екологічно небезпечні галузі промисловості. Широко використовувалися галузі та технології з високими витратами ресурсів та енергії [3]. Галузі та виробництва, які використовують великі обсяги ресурсів та енергії, зазнали значного розвитку. Для зменшення витрат на будівництво, введення експлуатації очисних споруд переносилося на віддалену перспективу. Низький рівень екологічної культури, особливо серед приймачів рішень, відіграв свою роль у деградації навколишнього середовища, що призвело до забруднення поверхневих і підземних вод, ґрунту та повітря. Процеси деградації стали загрозою не лише для природи, але й для людей як складової цієї природи. Радіоактивне забруднення, викликане Чорнобильською катастрофою, мало значний вплив на навколишнє середовище. Здоров'я населення, зокрема дітей та молоді, значно погіршилося, а тривалість життя скоротилася, призвівши до зменшення народжуваності та зростання смертності. Ці процеси призвели до зменшення чисельності населення країни. Без прийняття дієвих заходів для поліпшення екологічної ситуації та економічного стану можливе подальше загострення біологічно-генетичної деградації та навіть вимирання...
Application of modern technical means of hydrometric measurements in hydrometeorological organizations of the state emergency service of Ukraine
Authors:   Український гідрометеорологічний інститут ДСНС України та НАН України, Manukalo Viacheslav , Samojlenko Natalia , Biletskyi Kyrylo ,   Центральна геофізична обсерваторія імені Бориса Срезневського ДСНС України
Published: November 2024

Вступ. Переоснащення мережі гідрологічних спостережень гідрометеорологічних організацій ДСНС України сучасними засобами вимірювальної техніки (ЗВТ) є необхідною умовою підвищення точності та завчасності гідрологічного прогнозування, а також якості обліку ресурсів поверхневих вод суходолу. Застосування таких ЗВТ також значно поліпшує умови праці спостерігачів гідрологічних постів. В гідрометеорологічних організаціях вже певний час триває процес освоєння та експлуатації сучасних ЗВТ, що дає змогу зробити узагальнення отриманого досвіду. Метою публікації є узагальнення результатів експлуатації сучасних ЗВТ гідрометричного призначення з акцентом на можливі організаційні, технічні та методичні питання, що виникають при цьому. Зауважимо, що публікацію не слід розглядати як керівництво, яке визначає технічні вимоги до ЗВТ. Для цього необхідно розробити спеціальний нормативний документ на основі рекомендацій Всесвітньої метеорологічної організації та досвіду зарубіжних гідрометеорологічних служб...
Impact of military actions on the soil of Ukraine
Authors:   ВСП «ХГМФК ОДЕКУ», Voloshenko Natalia , Zadorozhnya Yana , Kovalishyna Yuliya
Published: November 2024

Актуальність теми. Деградація процесів у ґрунтах, в наслідок військового втручання. Мета роботи. Показати вплив втручання військових дій на ґрунтоутворення і зміни, які відбуваються при цьому. Об’єкт дослідження. Родючі ґрунти — одне із найбільших природних багатств України, та й світу, адже третина світових чорноземів — це наша земля. Чорнозем — це гумус, який являє собою перегній, що утворився в результаті обміну по живними речовинами між мікроорганізмами і рослинами...
Capturing variation of discourse relations in English parallel data through automatic annotation and alignment
Authors: Pollkläsener Christina , Yung Frances , Lapshinova-Koltunski Ekaterina
Published: November 2024

We present a study of discourse connectives and discourse relations in English parallel texts, i.e. in written and spoken originals, as well as translation and interpreting from German. For this, we apply automatic procedures to annotate discourse connectives and relations they trigger in a parallel corpus. We look at distributions of various connectives and discourse relations, comparing spoken and written mode, as well as original and translated or interpreted language production. Furthermore, we analyse the translation patterns in terms of translation entropy. We link our observations to the phenomena of explicitation and implicitation. We find that in both interpreting and translation, explicitation and implicitation patters are affected by the cognitive complexity of the discourse relation signalled by the connective. Moreover, we also show that the difference in the specificity of the same connectives in interpreting and translation also depends on the type of relation they trigger.
Adam D. Zientek, A Thirst for Wine and War: The Intoxication of French Soldiers on the Western Front
Authors: Dunning John
Published: November 2024

Adam D. Zientek, A Thirst for Wine and War: The Intoxication of French Soldiers on the Western Front. Montreal: McGill University Press, 2024, 288 pp. ISBN: 9780228019930.
Health Insurance Coverage: Early Release of Estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, January–June 2024
Authors: Briones Elizabeth M. , Cohen Robin A.
Published: November 2024

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.