bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of Correctional Work with Primary School Children with Disabilities
Authors: Pashkin Sergey , Goncharova Svetlana
Published: January 2022

The problem of the specifics of correctional work with primary school children with disabilities is relevant due to the need for the search for new effective forms of assistance in the development and compensation of disability of this heterogeneous group of children. The knowledge of the features of correctional work with this group of children of primary school age will allow us to increase the effectiveness of correctional work. The purpose of this empirical study is to substantiate the effectiveness of the correctional program aimed at developing the attention of children with disabilities (a group with intellectual disability). The methods of educational experiment, the “Correction task” technique, “Schulte Table” and statistical method were used. The author of the article created the program “Educational Development” for children with disabilities (intellectual disability). The aim of the program was to correct attention of children with intellectual disability. The objectives of the program were to improve span of attention and concentration of this group of children. The results of the theoretical and empirical study of the initial and secondary level of attention properties in primary school children with disabilities are presented. The process of attention of primary school children with disabilities (a group with intellectual disability) has specific disorders, such as insufficiency of concentration, stability and capacity, accompanied by mental instability. As a result of the correctional work, statistically significant differences in the properties of attention concentration and stability and performance efficiency were revealed. Thus, the effectiveness of regular and systematic correction of the attention process of children with disabilities (a group with intellectual disability) is justified by comparing the results of the initial and final diagnosis and identifying significant positive changes. The process of attention of primary school children with disabilities (a group with intellectual disability) has specific disorders, such as insufficiency of concentration, stability and span of attention, accompanied by mental instability. The prospect of the research is to identify changes in cognitive operations as a result of the correction of attention ability of this group of children.
Meaning of Life Crisis and Self-Attitude of Fetishistic Transvestites (Internet Research)
Authors: Bryzgalin Evgeniy
Published: January 2022

The determinants of the long-standing and relatively widespread practice of fetishistic transvestites have been so far insufficiently researched by the psychological science. In the present paper on a Russian sample of fetishistic transvestites of mature and young age (N=120) mediated by virtual reality, an Internet study of the severity of their meaning life crisis and the specifics of self-attitude, which have a deep systematic impact on self-management of the life process, was carried out within the norm. It is shown that the overwhelming majority of fetishistic transvestites do not experience a meaning-life crisis, and their self-attitude is divided into dichotomous lines of manifestation – balance in conditions of confidentiality and dissonance in the public environment. It is established that the meaning-of-life crisis provides a favorable corrective effect on self-abasement, blocking the trajectory of minimizing self-abasement to an abnormal state by the method of self-justification of personal experience of fetishistic transvestism. It is revealed that the absence of a meaning-of-life crisis is characterized by the expanded personal plasticity of fetishistic transvestites in transphobic social situations, maintaining their state of self-esteem at an acceptable level, while their autosympathy as a veiled dimension of self-attitude is contrastively encapsulated from the meaning of life crisis.
The Influence of Bilingualism on Personality: Psychological and Pedagogical Studies of Foreign Scientists
Authors: Ranjan Ravi
Published: January 2022

Since the first half of the 20th century, the question of whether bilingualism affects the individual has become a topic of major scientific research. The purpose of this article is to show the directions of research on this problem. In answering this question, the studies were divided into two main periods: positive and negative attitudes towards bilingualism. The authors conducted a meta-analysis of published studies on the impact of bilingualism on personal development: at the first stage of the analysis, they reviewed the abstracts of conferences on this topic for the period from the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, and at the second stage, they determined which of these studies were subsequently published. Preferably, studies with the results that fully support the theory of bilingual advantage were published. The practical significance of this work consists in the fact that it presents modern research by foreign scientists on bilingualism. The reasons for two contradictory views of researchers on the problem of bilingualism are analyzed. In the future, the article can help build modern ideas about bilingualism and bilingual personality.
Problems of Detection and Investigation of Tax Crimes in the Timber Industry of the Irkutsk Region
Authors: Kolukanova Anastasija , Kulakov Vadim , Nikerov Dmitrij
Published: January 2022

The article considers the activity of the enterprises of the timber industry of the region. The volume of timber exports, tax burden, tax revenues to the budget of the Irkutsk region and to the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation, registered tax crimes, amounts of material damage caused are analyzed. The applicable tax avoidance schemes are presented, as well as schemes aimed at illegal reimbursement of value added tax from the budget. Problematic issues are highlighted in terms of information interaction between law enforcement and tax authorities in order to identify tax crimes, as well as in conducting joint control and verification activities, and ways are proposed to solve these problems. The peculiarities of conducting the main investigative actions necessary for successful solving of tax crimes in the timber industry are considered. The issue of factors affecting the time period from the identification of a tax crime to the conviction is raised, as well as the disproportions of the penalties applied to the committed acts. Emphasis is placed on the need for legal and regulatory improvements, as well as the use of proposed measures in modern investigative practice.
Features of Mental Elements of Bribery Facilitation
Authors: Zamaraev Vadim
Published: January 2022

The article provides a description of relevant features of the mental elements of the crime regulated by Article 291.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
The paper also examines the general actor of the specific corruption act by applying a criminological approach and analyzing the empirical base for this category of criminal encroachment. The author researches the "physical" and "intellectual" bribery facilitation ways defined in the literature.
Detailed attention is paid to optional features of the mental elements of mediation in bribery, such as: "motive" and "purpose" of the crime.
The author proposes his definition of the mental elements of mediation in bribery, and provides the list of the social factors that influence the commission of a crime under Articles 291.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation having studied law enforcement practice and interviewed representatives of the general population of the Russian Federation.
The results of this study can be used for further improvement of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, in terms of amendments and additions to the qualifying factors of bribery facilitation and the introduction of appropriate explanations in the current resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. 24 of 09 July 2013 "On judicial practice in cases of bribery and other corruption-related crimes".
The Principle of Constitutional Identity and Individual Rights: In Search of the Golden Ratio
Authors: Ruzina Anastasia
Published: January 2022

The phenomenon of the constitutional identity of the Russian state in the context of conventional and constitutional conflicts is currently acquiring a special meaning. The need to protect state sovereignty, upholding the traditional model of relations between the individual, society and the state are the urgent tasks facing the Russian Federation being the main focus of the constitutional reform of 2020. In this context, the purpose of the study was the legal analysis of the constitutional identity of the Russian state as a frontier of compromise between the European and national systems of protection of individual rights and freedoms. Disregard for the constitutional identity of the state may lead to its "erosion" and the adverse impact of internationalisation on the foundations of the constitutional order. Guided by the principle of constitutional identity, a state can arrive at the best and legitimate solution in a particular case, which would not contradict national law, but at the same time would not ignore the norms of international treaties. The application of both general scientific and special methods of cognition, the formal-legal method and the method of legal modelling, made it possible to see in the constitutional identity not only the boundary of compromises in Russia's relations with inter-state bodies, but also the distinctiveness of constitutional processes. The conducted analysis of the domestic legal acts led to the conclusion that the principle of constitutional identity is an inviolable foundation of the constitutional state and its model of ensuring the individual rights and freedoms in the traditional system of values.
The indicators and trends of crime for the period from 1991 to 2020 are given.
Chinese Mining Companies in Peru: Is There a Single Cause of Problems?
Authors: Goryachev Nikolay
Published: January 2022

China’s dependence on the supply of mineral resources is becoming stronger than ever. The activity of Chinese investors in the mining industry on a global scale has increased significantly during the last years. Moreover, the activity of Chinese mining investors in the developing countries has some special characteristics such as large-scale projects and protests of local communities during their implementation. This article discusses the activities of Chinese mining companies in Peru, in which both of these conditions were present. The author analyzes the activities of “Shougang”, “Chinalco” and “MMG Ltd” in Peru. The hypothesis is as follows. If there is a special Chinese way of investing, the problems of listed investors (which lead to conflict with local communities) should have a single reason that is unique for all Chinese enterprises. In these conditions, investors should keep the distance between themselves and Peruvian authorities and the local citizens. As a result of the study, the conclusion is made that such reason cannot be identified at this stage. The causes of problems for each of the considered enterprises are unique, but not common for all of them. The origins of these problems are the economic situation, the bureaucratic problems of the Peruvian authorities, as well as the general trends in the relations between transnational mining companies and the Peruvians. At the same time, Chinese companies try to take into account the experience of their predecessors. Most likely, in the future that could possibly lead to greater openness and expansion of dialogue between investors, government and the public worldwide.
Mongolian Studies in the Czech Republic: Personalities, Centers, Current State
Authors: Kuzmin Yuri
Published: January 2022

Nowadays, improving international relations and strengthening international ties are leading trends in the development of world economy. In the epoch of globalization, both western and eastern countries are trying to promote close mutually profitable partnership relations between countries, because it can serve as a trigger for their further gradual development.
As it can be observed in the practice, in the 21st century, the dialogue between the developed European countries and the actively developing East is becoming especially successful and efficient for both parties.
One of the unique examples of the interest of the West towards the East is the development of Oriental and Mongolian studies in the Czech Republic. Its climax can be observed in the 20th century.
The author of the article proves that contemporary Mongolian studies in the Czech Republic play a significant role in European Oriental studies. Analysis of the scientific contribution of the leading Czech specialists in Mongolian studies: P. Poucha, Lumir Iisl, Ya. Vacek, I. Shima, I. Grollova is conducted. A brief description of the current state of Mongolian studies in Charles University in Prague, the Czech Republic is given. The author draws a conclusion about the presence of scientific interest towards Mongolian linguistics and culture in Europe, which contributes to strengthening cultural identity of Mongolia. On the basis of continuity of research and the presence of an original scientific school of Mongolian studies in the Czech Republic, the author makes an assumption about the possibility of extending research of the issues of economy and economic geography of Mongolia, which will, undoubtedly, contribute to strengthening the relations between the countries.
On the Reasons of Chinas Stable Economic Development in the XX - XXI Centuries
Authors: Balashova Maria , Trufanova Anastasiia , Troshkin Matvey
Published: January 2022

As is well known, the global economy is a flexible system of relationships between its key actors, and it is directly subject to the constant impact of both internal and external factors. Among the latter are the processes of globalization, integration, liberalization, transnationalization and others. They fundamentally change the rules of organization and conduct of international economic relations. Those countries that were able to duly assess the scale of imminent changes and flexibly respond to them by adjusting national macroeconomic policies were able to take leading positions in the structure of the modern world order. A striking example of such a state is China, which, despite its catching-up type of development, has reached the level of developed countries in a number of indicators and has become one of the significant poles in the structure of the modern world order.
The study conducted by the authors of the article showed that the PRC managed to achieve such a result due to the competent reforms initiated in the 1970s by Deng Xiaoping and still ongoing taking into account best world practices.
The country’s leadership’s choice of the IT sector as a flagship for further progressive development of the country’s economy has already brought China significant benefits of a strategic nature.
Feedback Optimality Condition for Nonconvex Discrete Linear-Quadratic Optimal Control Problem
Authors: Sorokin Stepan
Published: January 2022

The paper analyzed a non-convex linear-quadratic optimization problem in a discrete dynamic system. We obtained necessary optimality condition with feedback controls which allow a descent of the functional cost. Such controls are generated by the quadratic majorant of the cost. In contrast to the discrete maximum principle, this condition does not require any convexity properties of the problem.
Topical Development Issues the State Automated System of the Russian Federation “Elections”
Authors: Pakulov Evgeny , Ovanesyan Sergey
Published: January 2022

The article examined the role of the State Automated System of the Russian Federation «Elections» in ensuring the active citizen participation in the election process. We analyzed the prerequisites for the reengineering of the State Automated System of the Russian Federation «Elections». The research determined the main approaches to the construction of models of the information system that ensure the electoral process. The authors analyzed the problems that arise when using the centralized database model. The study demonstrated the importance of providing election commissions located in hard-to-reach settlements with reliable communication channels. Solutions are proposed to reduce the negative consequences of the transition to a centralized database model by using local data caching on the web client side. The mechanism of local caching using the Service Worker API is considered. Various scenarios for using the Service Worker in the context of the electoral process, taking into account the category and importance of the data, were studied and demonstrated. The study analyzed the software employed by election commissions — the Sputnik browser for the possibility of using the proposed concept of local caching in it.
Comparative Analysis of Models of the Combustion Process of Coal Dust in a Turbulent Flow of a Torch of a Charcoal Boiler
Authors: Vedernikova Tatyana , Vronskiy Artur
Published: January 2022

This article provides an overview of existing turbulence models. The scheme of combustion of pulverized coal fuel, the construction of a pulverized coal boiler unit and the process of burning coal in the furnace of a boiler unit BKZ-420-140 are considered. We analyzed the existing turbulence models and selected the most optimal mathematical model to study the combustion process of pulverized coal fuel in order to increase the efficiency of the CHPP.
Business Model for Managing of the Small Economic System Such as IT-Outsourcing Company
Authors: Rubina Nina
Published: January 2022

For any economic system to function successfully we need to have business model. One of the advantages of having a model is that it shows detailed and visual information with its internal connections, qualitative characteristics and quantitative parameters.
Modeling the management system of the economic system’s activities is currently one of the most effective systematic ways to describe options for the future and assess the potential consequences of management decisions. This current work demonstrates the construction of a business model for the management system of an IT-outsourcing company as an organizational system in the form of a unity of three subsystems: management, main production subsystem and the socio-cultural subsystem.
Effects of Different Phosphorus Fertilizer Levels on Growth and Yield Components of Chickpea (Cicer-arietinum L.)
Authors: Maaruf Karwan , Saeed Nask , Tahir Nawroz
Published: January 2022

From the winter seasons 2018-2019 and 2019-2020, a field experiment was conducted at the Directorate of Agricultural Research Sulaimani in the Kurdistan province of Iraq to evaluate the various levels of phosphorus control, 25, 50, 75, and 100 P2O5 kg ha-1 as triple superphosphate on the growth and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) by using a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Based on a statistical analysis of variance conducted over the two years the influence of various phosphorus analyses had no significant effects on the plant height, number of branches per plant and protein content. Whereas, in both years, the effect of different phosphorus levels application had a significant effect on the number of pods per plant, the number of grains per plant, 100-grain of weight, gains of weight, and grain yield. According to best output, the results showed that 100 P2O5 kg ha-1 had the best positive effect during the two-year study.
The impact of Nitrogen and Carbon Sources on the Biofilm Formation of Micrococcus luteus
Authors: Mahmood Alan , Qader Mina , Mahmood Barzhawand , Salih Lavin
Published: January 2022

This study is conducted to show the influence of different media on the extent and pattern of biofilm formation. Trends of newly emerging pathogens continue steadily. Micrococcus luteus is one of those emerging pathogens. Incidental isolations of this bacteria have been recorded from patients with urinary tract infection and/or immunocompromised conditions. Biofilm formation on the surfaces of wound drainage and urinary catheters has been reported to be the source of recurrence and colonization of the pathogen in those patients. The current study's approach assesses the role of nutrient availability on the patterns of attachment till detachment and dispersion of the biofilms. Different species of bacteria are used to correlate their biofilm formation trend. Micrococcus luteus was chosen in the study due to its emerging pathogenic potential. Validation of biofilm formation is provided by involving Proteus mirabilis; which is an ideal biofilm producer, in parallel with Micrococcus luteus throughout the entire experimental settings. The findings of this study confirm statistically significant differences in biofilm formation patterns when nutritionally different culture media have been utilized to resemble possible environments for the pathogen. Micrococcus luteus has been found to possess the highest potential to produce biofilm in peptone water media where it over paced Proteus mirabilis. Results of the study reveal that both availability and scarcity of carbon and nitrogen sources can influence both positively and negatively on the patterns of biofilm formation by different strains of bacteria and incubation time. Biofilm assessment is an inevitable technique for nosocomial infections due to the complications of antibiotic susceptibility trends that prolong the hospitalization process, which limits treatment capacity.
Numerical Treatments for Nonlinear Integro-Fractional Differential Equations of Volterra-Hammerstein Type using Runge-Kutta Method with the aid of Finite Difference Approximation
Authors: Ahmed Shazad , Ahmed Mariwan
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a numerical solution scheme for an important class of nonlinear integro-fractional differential equations in Volterra-Hammerstein type of all positive arbitrary orders which are less than or equal to one. In this approach the nonlinear integro-differential equations are expressed in terms of Caputo type fractional derivative. An approach based on the Runge-Kutta methods including second, third and fourth orders with the aid of finite difference approximation. Further, we suggested an algorithm for these methods and for each algorithm the Computer program in MatLab was written in general forms. Finally, several illustrative examples are presented to show the effectiveness and accuracy of this method.
The Russian regulatory documents on the organization and functioning of offices and departments of magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Smirnov Aleksey V. , Semenov Dmitriy S. , Ahkmad Ekaterina S. , Khoruzhaya Anna N.
Published: January 2022

Diagnostic studies that are conducted using any medical equipment require comprehensive control, which is provided by several regulatory documents. Particular attention is paid to X-ray imaging methods, but in the field of magnetic resonance imaging, one can notice both the lack of attention and the multidirectional efforts for its normalization.
Understandably, this diagnostic method is not based on the use of ionizing radiation, and magnetic fields have some effect on human health, especially on personnel who work in magnetic resonance imaging rooms at all times. They are safe for patients who come to the diagnostic procedure from time to time and those without foreign metal (steel implants) or electronic (pacemakers and neurostimulators) objects in their bodies.
However, ignorance and non-compliance with both advisory and mandatory requirements can significantly increase the risk of harm to patients or staff, as well as lead to a decreased quality of imaging and diagnostics. A separate feature of the field of magnetic resonance imaging regulation in the past decades includes more than a dozen of different standards, sanitary norms, rules, letters, and recommendations that have been published or revised, of which a significant part complement or duplicate each other, or completely contradict each other. Therefore, the need to ensure the compliance of the magnetic resonance imaging room/department with the requirements of regulatory documents is greatly complicated.
This study provides an overview of the regulatory documentation in force in Russia related to the organization and functioning of a magnetic resonance imaging room/department, highlights the aspects that are most important from the point of view of the safe and high-quality operation, and formulates the steps necessary to modernize the system, both from the point of view of the quality of diagnostics and the safety of magnetic resonance imaging studies.
Differential diagnosis of peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy and neoplasm of the choroid (clinical case)
Authors: Malafeeva Anna Y. , Alyabev Matvey V. , Getmantseva Yuliya V. , Kulikov Alexei N. , Maltsev Dmitrii S.
Published: January 2022

Peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy is a relatively rare and difficult to diagnose disease. This condition is clinically similar to choroidal melanoma, which is why it is called pseudomelanoma. An erroneous diagnosis of choroidal melanoma can lead to the wrong choice of aggressive treatment tactics. The aim of this work was to present a case of differential diagnosis of suspected neoplasm of the choroid with peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy. The described clinical case demonstrates characteristic clinical picture and results of ultrasound with Doppler mapping, spectral optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomographyangiography, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy for this condition, as well as important differential diagnostic signs of choroidal melanoma. Complaints, history, clinical picture and the results of instrumental examinations were characteristic of peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy and allowed to exclude the diagnosis of choroidal neoplasm. Pathogenetic treatment (intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF agents) and observation were recommended to the patient, since this disease often affects both eyes. The main differential diagnostic criterion for suspected choroidal melanoma is Doppler ultrasound imaging. In difficult clinical cases, structural optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomographyangiography, and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy provide valuable additional information for verifying the diagnosis.
Quality of life study in ophthalmic practice
Authors: Ovechkin Igor G. , Kovrigina Ekaterina I. , Konovalov Michail E. , Kumar Vinod
Published: January 2022

The article discusses various methods for studying the quality of life in all kinds of eye diseases. General and special questionnaires used in modern ophthalmological practice are presented. The presence of a sufficiently large amount of data indicating the relationship between the quality of life and objective indicators of the visual system was established. A fairly good comparability of results obtained in the assessment of various quality of life questionnaires in a patient with ophthalmic condition was revealed.
The method of the exophthalmos value predicted calculation when planning the orbital decompression procedure in patients with endocrine ophthalmopathy
Authors: Davydov Dmitrii V. , Lezhnev Dmitrii Anatolevich , Konovalov Konstantin A.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: The most effective method of surgical treatment of lipogenic and mixed forms of edematous exophthalmos is currently the internal orbital decompression. During this surgical procedure, the excessive pathologically altered adipose tissue is removed from the external and the internal surgical spaces of the orbit. Many scientists are developing methods for calculating the volume of orbital fat, but the question on developing a method for predicted exophthalmos after internal orbital decompression, which could be used without attracting additional equipment and software, is easy to learn and does not require a long calculation time, remains actual. This method has to take into account the individual features of the patients orbital structure and be used for calculations in the bilateral proptosis correction.
AIM: To develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a new method for calculating the eyeball position after orbital decompression.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 64 patients (126 orbits) with lipogenic and mixed forms of endocrine ophthalmopathy were examined. All patients underwent internal orbital decompression, during which the orbital fat was removed, the volume of which was calculated according to the developed original method. Patients underwent ophthalmological examination and MSCT before surgery and 6 months after it. .
RESULTS: As a result of orbital decompression in the examined group, a decrease in proptosis was observed in all patients, and the exophthalmos calculated by the method corresponded to the eyeball position in patients in 6 months after surgery. The level of statistical significance of the planned postoperative eyeball position in relation to the actual postoperative exophthalmos calculated according to the Students t-test was 0.98 (p 0.05), that is, it can be argued that the groups do not differ, and no statistically significant differences were found.
CONCLUSIONS: The developed method for calculating the estimated postoperative exophthalmos is effective without using additional software. This technique allows you to achieve a symmetrical eyeball position in the postoperative period and to reduce the risk of complications.
Additive technologies in military affairs
Authors: Peleshok Stepan A. , Fisun Aleksandr Ya. , Morozov Andrey V. , Kalinin Sergey V. , Eliseeva Marina I.
Published: January 2022

In order to determine the features and main ways of using additive technologies within the framework of the scientific and business program of the International Military-Technical Forum Army-2020, a round table was held. In recent years, additive technologies have made a significant leap forward thanks to the improvement of electronic computing technology and software (software), the creation of a wide range of 3D printers that print using various modern methods and materials. The following industries are leading in the development of 3D printing as consumers: aircraft construction (33%), nuclear industry (30%), military-industrial complex (13%), as well as medicine (11%), education, etc. The summary contains part of the speeches of the speakers of the scientific event on the use of additive technologies in education and medicine. To achieve Russias position as one of the leaders in the global technology market, a network of educational institutions is developing and the provision of educational institutions with 3D printers. The countrys universities and, in particular, Bauman Moscow State Technical University began to develop professional competencies among graduates in the field of additive technologies, materials and equipment. Other universities use reverse engineering for research and development, the launch of new production. In medicine, models of complex elements of the human skeleton are created, in particular, individual bones and various projections of the skull, bones of the spine, hand and foot, as well as some models of organs from hard and semi-soft plastics to improve the educational process. The capabilities of 3D printing of mock-ups of organ pathologies are used for preoperative planning and rehearsal of an operation in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, as well as for training students and doctors, modeling hemodynamics and testing medical devices. Alternative materials and methods for making splints and splints for fixing injuries and diseases of the upper limb are considered. To create ceramic products in dentistry, instead of injection molding and pressing, the technology of Lithography-based Ceramics Manufacturing printing with a suspension on foreign equipment was proposed. Three-dimensional printing has partially filled the need for personal protective equipment against the new coronavirus infection, in particular through the creation of reusable masks, various adapters, holders of face masks, linings on door handles, etc. The participants of the round table agreed that the results of scientific and innovative activities in the field of additive technologies should be tested, implemented and used in the educational process, practical activities, including military medicine (bibl.: 6 refs).
Development of the composition and technology of effervescent tablets for the prevention of cerebral circulation disorders in the elderly
Authors: Listov Konstantin N. , Yakovlev Roman A.
Published: January 2022

Increasing the level of antioxidants in the human body plays an important role in increasing longevity. Studies on small laboratory animals showed that in the main group with an increased content of antioxidant enzymes, life expectancy was 20% higher than in the comparison group with age and heart diseases. Thus, the hypothesis is confirmed that a high content of active free radical molecules causes aging and the data obtained on small laboratory animals will increase the human lifespan. This fact is associated with the occurrence of heart and oncological diseases, as well as other age-related pathologies. In order to prevent the development of the above diseases, a drug was developed with an innovative composition of complex-compatible components. The experimental drug contains substances with an increased content of antioxidants for the prevention of cerebrovascular accidents, such as dihydroquercetin and black grape extract. And also vitamins and amino acids: succinic acid, ascorbic acid, glycine. The choice of the composition of the experimental drug was carried out on the basis of the antioxidant properties of these groups of substances, which are widely known, and their combined use will become a potentiated synergy of the selected components and complement their effect. Due to the fact that the classical technology for the production of effervescent dosage forms does not allow combining the components of the composition of the experimental drug, the task of developing an individual technology for combining the acid and alkaline fractions of the formulation by separating the components at the stage of the technological process of drying the raw material was solved. Thanks to this, it became possible to separate the granulation of acid and alkaline components, which made it possible to stabilize the tabletting mixture (3 tables, bibliography: 8 refs.).
Differential diagnosis of states of operability in young people who have had COVID-19 infection
Authors: Uliukin Igor M. , Sechin Aleksey A. , Rassokhin Vadim V. , Orlova Elena S. , Shuklina Alyona A.
Published: January 2022

AIM: to assess the peculiarity of the state of working capacity in the process of rehabilitation in young people after suffering COVID-19 infection.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 62 convalescents who underwent COVID-19 (men aged 22.83 0.37 years) 90 days after discharge from the hospital. The main clinical forms (CF) of COVID-19 in this study were inapparent form (20 people 32.25%), acute respiratory viral infection (22 people 35.49%), pneumonia without respiratory failure (20 people 32.25%). The diagnostics of all clinical cases of COVID-19, examination, treatment and discharge of patients from the hospital were carried out in accordance with the regulatory documents. The psychodiagnostic study was carried out according to the Questionnaire Differential Diagnosis of Conditions of Decreased Performance by A.B. Leonova and S.B. Velichkovskaya. All surveyed received voluntary informed consent to participate in the study.
RESULTS: In most cases, in all groups, the degree of severity of states of working capacity is regarded as low, which is probably due to asthenic syndrome after a previous illness, and psychological fatigue, due, in particular, to the presence of post-traumatic stress disorder syndrome.
CONCLUSION: The states of reduced working capacity and the effectiveness of professional activity are very diverse, therefore, the peculiarities of the mental state can be understood only on the basis of identifying really acting motives of activity, which are manifested in reflexive assessments of the real situation and the behavior of the individual, taking into account their emotional coloring. Therefore, in order to substantiate corrective and rehabilitation measures in the case of a state of reduced working capacity and the effectiveness of professional activity, a differentiated assessment of these conditions is required, which requires the work of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team (2 tables, bibliography: 32 refs).
Problems of medical and biological support of the process of developing advanced bulletproof vests
Authors: Denisov Alexey V. , Logatkin Stanislav M. , Demchenko Konstantin N. , Nosov Artem M. , Yudin Andrey B. , Anisin Alexey V.
Published: January 2022

Currently, as part of combat equipment, body armor is the main tool designed for individual protection of a persons torso from bullets, shrapnel and steel arms. Since March 1, 2019, GOST 34286-2017 has been introduced as a national standard of the Russian Federation, in which one of the assessed indicators of the resistance of armored clothing to the effects of means of destruction is the indicator of the reserve effect of the striking element when the protective structure is not penetrated, which should not exceed the value taken as the maximum permissible in the prescribed manner. In this case, the pre-armor effect of a striking element in case of non-penetration of the protective structure is assessed only after the completion of the development of a sample of armored clothing by the corresponding accredited organization. The existing methods for determining the permissibility of the reserve impact indicator when the protective structure is not penetrated can in principle be divided into medical, biological and technical, and technical. In the Russian Federation, the method using large laboratory animals, pigs weighing 8090 kg, is mainly used to determine the level of the reserve impact in terms of the severity of the reserve contusion injury. While in NATO countries, human corpses, individual tissues and organs, as well as parts of carcasses of large animals are used to determine the same parameter. However, at present, both in our country and abroad, there is no single methodological approach to assessing the impact of armor when testing protective products. As a result of targeted research, it is necessary to scientifically substantiate the principles of modeling this effect when the body armor is not penetrated with the subsequent processing of standard methods of state testing of body armor. The tests must be based on a method that allows obtaining parameters expressed in digital values and correlated with the results of experiments on biological objects. It is this numerical parameter that should be taken as a criterion for assessing the permissibility of the level of shock impact when testing promising personal body armor (bibliography: 21 refs).
N-body simulations of star clusters
Authors:   , Engle Kimberly Anne , McMillan Stephen L. W.
Published: January 2022

We investigate the structure and evolution of underfilling (i.e. non-Roche-lobe-filling) King model globular star clusters using N-body simulations. We model clusters with various underfilling factors and mass distributions to determine their evolutionary tracks and lifetimes. These models include a self-consistent galactic tidal field, mass loss due to stellar evolution, ejection, and evaporation, and binary evolution. We find that a star cluster that initially does not fill its Roche lobe can live many times longer than one that does initially fill its Roche lobe. After a few relaxation times, the cluster expands to fill its Roche lobe. We also find that the choice of initial mass function significantly affects the lifetime of the cluster. These simulations were performed on the GRAPE-4 (GRAvity PipE) special-purpose hardware with the stellar dynamics package "Starlab." The GRAPE-4 system is a massively-parallel computer designed to calculate the force (and its first time derivative) due to N particles. Starlab's integrator "kira" employs a 4th-order Hermite scheme with hierarchical (block) time steps to evolve the stellar system. We discuss, in some detail, the design of the GRAPE-4 system and the manner in which the Hermite integration scheme with block time steps is implemented in the hardware.
Current status of calcitonin gene-related peptide-based therapies in migraine: a scoping review
Authors: Ahsan Marya , Mallick Ayaz Khurram
Published: January 2022

A significant proportion of patients exhibit sub-optimal response to the standard treatment of acute migraine such as triptans and NSAIDs. Even the conventional preventive therapies (e.g. beta-blockers) indicated for patients with frequent migraine attacks have varying responses. Moreover, evidence from animal studies elucidated the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the pathophysiology of migraine. Currently two classes are drug, the small molecule CGRP receptor antagonist or the ‘gepants’ (Ubrogepant, Rimegepant, Atogepant, Zavegepant) and CGRP monoclonal antibodies (Erenumab, Galcanezumab, Fremanezumab, Eptinezumab) have been found efficacious and safe in various clinical trials for the treatment and prevention of migraine. While the small molecule CGRP receptor antagonists are given orally, the monoclonal antibodies are injectable drugs. Ubrogepant and Rimegepant are the second-generation gepants approved for treatment of migraine. Zavegepant is a third generation gepant which has proven efficacy for acute treatment of migraine in a phase III trial. Atogepant has been approved for prevention of migraine. Rimegepant has also proven to be efficacious for preventing migraine attacks but has not yet been approved for this indication. Erenumab is the only monoclonal antibody which neutralizes the CGRP receptor. The latter three monoclonal antibodies target the CGRP peptide. The monoclonal antibodies have been approved for the prevention of migraine as a subcutaneously or intravenous infusion (Eptinezumab) given once a month or quarterly. Both the classes of drugs were well-tolerated in the clinical trials. Nausea was the most common adverse effect with gepants while injection-site pain was commonly reported with the antibodies.
Study to assess the feedback of COVID-19 patients to nutritional services provided in dedicated COVID hospital
Authors: Bawankar Mayuri S. , Mahanubhav Damini S. , Suryawanshi Prachi M. , Salunke Nandkumar M.
Published: January 2022

Background: In patients’ overall perception of their hospital experience it is widely recognized that food and other aspects of foodservice delivery are important elements and health care teams have committed to deliver appropriate food to their patients on daily basis. The provision of hospital foodservice should not only meet, but, also exceed patients’ expectations so as to gain the patients’ confidence in hospital food. Nutrition is an important element of care. A balanced nutrition is extremely important for patients who have been infected with COVID-19.Methods: To see the feedbacks of COVID-19 patients admitted in dedicated COVID hospital, the present hospital based cross sectional study was undertaken in various wards of dedicated COVID hospital of metropolitan city of western Maharashtra.Results: Mean age of participants was 41 years. Mean duration of hospital stay was 9.1 days. 60% patients were in age group between 31 to 60 whereas only 3% participants were above 80 years of age. 59% were male, 85% were from urban area. 55% participants were taking mix diet. 54% participants stayed for 8 to 10 days. 58% participants were presented with different co morbidities. 73.07% participants had normal diet during their stay in the hospital. Variables like age, gender and hospital stay had significant association with the feedback to nutritional services (p<0.05).Conclusions: Participants were satisfied towards nutrition and nutritional services provided in dedicated COVID hospital.
Mechanical properties and clinical significance of orthodontic wires
Authors: Sawas Mohamed Ali , Nassir Mohammed Ahmed Al , Nayas Lojain Mohammed , Alabdulkarim Meshari Nasser , Faden Farah Youssef , Alghamlas Almaha Saud , Alqahtani Hussein Masoud , Alaboodi Reham Ahmad , Felemban Nermeen Saad , Saeed Ebtisam Salman Al , Ghaliah Dema Khalid Abu
Published: January 2022

Orthodontic treatment is usually conducted by applying forces to certain teeth to move them into a targeted position. Orthodontic wires have been reported to be the primary modalities used in fixed-appliances-based orthodontic treatment to induce favorable tooth movement events. Accordingly, acquiring adequate knowledge about these approaches' clinical applications and biochemical behavior is essential when planning for a successful orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic wires are widely used and are mainly composed of composites, polymers, alloys and metals. Accordingly, the physical properties and clinical application of orthodontic wires vary based on their composition. In this context, it was recommended that achieving favorable outcomes of orthodontic treatment obliges clinicians to decide the best orthodontic wire and treatment plan based on the chemical properties and related clinical applications of each wire. Therefore, wires that tend to produce increasing stiffness gradually are generally used. However, it should be noted that no ideal wire exists. Therefore, favoring the application of a wire over the other should be based on the intended outcomes and stage of the treatment process.
Stages, risk factors and prevention of early childhood caries
Authors: Amer Ameera Ibrahim , Almohammadi Kholoud Saeed , Al-Majed Omar Sami , Al Harbi Sultan Hasan , Aljohani Rahmah Mutlaq , Sabri Leena Mustafa , Rambo Anas Ziyad , Barnawi Emtenan Abobakr , Madani Fatemah Aadel , Alahmri Amal Saad , Halawani Laila Khalid
Published: January 2022

Early childhood caries is a common condition that affects children and young infants. In addition to the effect of the condition on the child's oral health, it has been furtherly shown that many systemic consequences are usually associated. Therefore, it has been reported that these conditions can significantly impair the quality of life of corresponding families based on economic and health-related burdens. Affected children usually present with variable degrees of the condition, and some complications might be associated. Many risk factors have been reported in the literature for developing the condition in children. These include the presence of certain bacterial pathogens (especially through vertical transmission), dietary habits, and poor oral hygiene. Evidence indicates that these risk factors significantly contribute to the development of early childhood caries and the importance of the child's socioeconomic status and his caregivers. Targeting these factors would significantly reduce the risk of developing the condition, in addition to fluoridation as suggested by various relevant investigations.