bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trabajadores en movimiento: del sindicalismo tradicional a la acción colectiva
Authors: Sánchez Sánchez Ernesto , Pintor Sandoval Renato
Published: July 2020

El presente documento tiene como objetivo analizar, desde una mirada latinoamericana y a partir del contexto laboral, las nuevas relaciones que guardan el trabajador y sus formas contemporáneas de organización, negociación y reivindicación. Estas tienden a sujetarse a estándares de los mercados globales y del régimen neoliberal, la cual están sustentadas en la competitividad y el abaratamiento de la mano de obra. Se habla sobre este escenario laboral-productivo-organizacional dinamizando los mercados globales entre sí, facilitando las formas de inserción laboral y comercialización de la producción, sin embargo, se percibe una acentuación en las rupturas en las trayectorias laborales y una disolución de formas tradicionales de organización de trabajadores. La guía metodológica para el objetivo central de este escrito está sustentada en los marcos conceptuales sobre sindicalismo, organización del trabajo y acción colectiva, teniendo como marco territorial y temporal a México en la etapa neoliberal. El análisis se hace a partir de autores como Charles Tilly (2014), Alberto Melluci (1994) y Robert Castel (2010) y para el caso mexicano Enrique De la Garza (1993,2011,2014), Graciela Bensusán (2010) y Edtih Kuri (2016). A manera de conclusión se sostiene que, a la par los trabajos tradicionales y atípicos, son nuevas formas de organización y de identificación del trabajador, más allá del sindicalismo tradicional, conformando imaginativamente acciones colectivas que irradien más allá de los espacios laborales.
PENGARUH PELATIHAN DAN PENEMPATAN PEGAWAI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA BADAN KEPEGAWAIAN DAERAH KOTA PEMATANGSIANTAR
Authors: Marbun Sarah Fransisca , Lie Darwin , Butarbutar Marisi , Nainggolan Lora Ekana
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study are: 1. To know the description of training, employee placement and employee performance at Badan Kepegawaian Daerah Pematangsiantar City. 2. To determine the influence of training and employee placement on employee performance at Badan Kepegawaian Daerah Pematangsiantar City either simultaniously or partially.The results of this study can be concluded as follows: 1. Employees states that raining, employee placement, and employee performance is good. 2. Training and employee placement have a positive influence on employee performance. 3. There is moderately high correlation between training and employee placement with employee performance. Then employee performance can be explained by the training and employee placement, 4. Hypothesis stated H0 rejected, meaning training and employee placement have a positive and significant impact on employee performance at Badan Kepegawaian Daerah Pematangsiantar City either simultaneously or partially. Keywords: Training, Employee Placement And Employee Performance
ANALISIS LIKUIDITAS, SOLVABILITAS DAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN DAPAT MENINGKATKAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PT KEBELINDO MURNI,Tbk YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Pardede Demak Aldi , Jubi Jubi , Inrawan Ady , Putri Juan Anastasia
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study are: 1. To find out an overview of liquidity, solvency, dividend policy and company value in PT Kabelindo Murni, Tbk, which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. 2. To find out what factors cause company value in PT Kabelindo Murni, Tbk to increase.               The author's research was conducted using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques, comparative analysis techniques and inductive analysis techniques. The type of data in the study are qualitative data and quantitative data. The data source used is secondary data. Data collection in research is documentation techniques.               The results of this study concluded 1. The average value of liquidity with the parameter Current Ratio (CR) fluctuates and tends to increase, but the increase in current assets was followed by an analysis with a decrease in the value of current liabilities. 2. The average solvency value with the parameters Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) fluctuates and tends to decrease, this is due to a decrease in debt which is higher than the decrease in the total assets of the company. 3. Dividend Policy (DPR) experienced fluctuations and tended to increase. This was caused by an increase in dividends per share while there was a decrease in earnings per share. 4. The company value with PBV parameters fluctuates and tends to increase, this is due to an increase in stock prices higher than the increase in book value per share.               Suggestions for this research are: It is better for companies to add working capital by making long-term debt to buy inventory that can increase sales, it is best for companies to increase sales and reduce operating expenses so that profits can increase and increasing profits can increase EPS so that the DPR can be controlled, it is best for companies to increase profits by increasing sales and streamlining operating expenses. Increasing profit can be used as working capital of the company. Keywords : Liquidity Analysis, Solvability, Dividend Policy and  Company Value
ANALISIS LAPORAN KEUANGAN UNTUK MENILAI KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PT MAYORAN INDAH,Tbk YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Sitorus Fauziyah , Siregar Liper , Inrawan Ady , Nainggolan Christine
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research are : 1. Know the description of the company,s financial performance at PT Mayora Indah, Tbk. 2. To find out what factors caused Mottled financial performance at PT Mayora Indah, Tbk tend to increase. The research was conducted using qualitative, descriptive methods of analysis, methods of trend and inductive methods. The research of the data is qualitative and quantitative data. The data of this research is used secondary data. Data collection is used by the method of documentation.            The results of this research can be summed up as follows: 1. Trend quick ratio has increased. Trend in the Debt to asset Ratio has increased. Total Assets Turn over trend has increased. The trend of Return On Assets (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE), the Net Profit Margin (NPM) experienced an increase in the company's financial performance so that it can be said better. 2. The factors that lead to good performance is the business accounts receivable, short term loans, increased sales and inventory.            The results of the analysis suggest that PT Mayora Indah, Tbk We recommend you be cautious in doing short term loans. In addition the company should improve the effectiveness of the management of inventory. Should the company optimizes the management of accounts receivable in order to collect the accounts receivable business to the company. We recommend that you keep the company sales activity is stable so that the company obtained more optimal net profit margin.
PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA BERDASARKAN PERATURAN MENTERI DALAM NEGERI NOMOR 113 TAHUN 2014 (STUDI KASUS PADA NAGORI KAHEAN KECAMATAN DOLOK BATU NANGGAR KABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN
Authors: Effendi Helwin , Jubi Jubi , Susanti Elly , Silaen Musa Fernando
Published: July 2020

The results of this research can be concluaded that: 1. Lack of community participation to participate in village fund management planning, this is due to the lack of motivation of the community to participate in the deliberations. Then there was a delay in submitting a draft village regulation that had been agreed to be evaluated. 2. In the implementation, administration, reporting and accountability of village fund management in accordance with PERMENDAGRI Number 113 of 2014, it shows that the principles of participation in management, orderly and disciplined principles, principles of transparency and accountability principles have been carried out properly.The suggestion from this research is that the village government should develop a participatory concept and foster a sense of community motivation by providing education seminars on managing village funds and leading to the implementation of village governance. Then the village government should pay more attention to the applicable regulations in managing village finances in order to realize Good Governance.
Biologics Under a New NAFTA
Authors: Jensen Jordan
Published: July 2020

Scientific developments, such as biologics and personalized medicine, have created an entirely new category of pharmaceutical drugs that were not considered when the North American Free Trade Agreement (“NAFTA”) was adopted in 1994. However, the rise of biologics has increased demand for a reconfigured NAFTA, particularly with respect to Chapter 17, which outlines NAFTA’s robust intellectual property standards, as well as Chapter 11, which both lays out the framework for foreign investment under NAFTA and introduces a controversial mechanism referred to as the investor-state dispute settlement mechanism (“ISDS”). The intellectual property provisions of the original NAFTA should be revised to mirror the similar provisions of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (“TPP”) Agreement, which better accommodates new medical advances. However, despite criticism of their lack of transparency, the investment provisions of the original NAFTA are likely sufficient to grant medical patent-rights holders the investment protection that they seek because they strengthen transparency, which is ultimately good for business.
Mitigating the Legal Risks for Landlords Under the Rental Assistance Demonstration Program
Authors: Mahoney Erica
Published: July 2020

Public housing units are deteriorating while there are insufficient allocations for their renovation or maintenance. In 2012, Congress initiated the Rental Assistance Demonstration (“RAD”) in an attempt to save public housing without the need to apportion additional funds to housing assistance pro- grams. The RAD program converts public housing to mixed-income housing and transfers majority ownership to private developers. Current tenants of these public housing complexes are transferred to mixed-income apartment complexes owned by private landlords and developers who receive a portion of the rent from the tenant and additional rent from the local Public Housing Authority. The success of the RAD program is dependent on landlords and developers voluntarily participating and electing to dedicate units to affordable housing. This Comment discusses the legal exposures these landlords face when participating in RAD, methods of mitigating these risks, and policies to incentivize participation.
WATER MITES FROM FUERTEVENTURA, CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN (ACARI: HYDRACHNIDIA)
Authors: Smit Harry
Published: July 2020

The first records are presented of water mites from Fuerteventura, Canary Islands. Five species were found, three of which are widespread in the (SW) Palaearctis. One species new to science is described, Neumania fortiventa while Arrenurus pervius Walter is synonymized with A. caesaraugustanus Viets, a rare species only known from temporary and/or saline ponds in semiarid climate.
AMPC: A Lightweight Hybrid Cryptographic Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Anwar Md. Navid Bin , Maha Maherin Mizan
Published: July 2020

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a group of several autonomous sensor nodes attached to each other. Wireless sensor networks are commonly used in a lot of applications and are expected to have a cheap deployment cost. The network of sensors continues to grow aiding the need of the system. Due to that, sensors become vulnerable to attacks and need strong security mechanism. To strengthen the security of data which are transmitted through sensors in WSN, different cryptographic schemes are used. As WSN has limited energy source, therefore, complex cryptographic algorithms may require excessive computational time which not only make the data transmission slow but the life time of sensor network will be significantly affected. To overcome these challenges a new hybrid cryptographic scheme, AES and Modified Playfair Cipher (AMPC), is introduced in this paper.
Effect of Electrical Resistivity on the Damping of Slow Sausage Modes
Authors: Geeraerts Michaël , Van Doorsselaere Tom , Chen Shao-Xia , Li Bo
Published: July 2020

Recent observations of slow surface sausage modes in a photospheric magnetic pore have been shown to be heavily damped. Numerical calculations have shown that electrical resistivity plays a significant role in this damping process. The aim of the present paper is to make an independent analytical derivation that would confirm the importance of electrical resistivity in the damping of these modes. An analytical dispersion relation in the framework of resistive magnetohydrodynamics is derived for sausage modes in a straight cylinder with a circular cross section and a discontinuous boundary. The effect of electrical resistivity on the damping of slow sausage modes in photospheric pore conditions is then studied, by solving the obtained dispersion relation numerically. The obtained results agree with those from the numerical calculations.
European, Multicenter, Prospective, Non-comparative Clinical Evaluation of an Extended Depth of Focus Intraocular Lens
Authors: Auffarth Gerd U. , Moraru Ozana , Munteanu Mihnea , Tognetto Daniele , Bordin Paolo , Belucci Roberto , Khoramnia Ramin , Son Hyeck-Soo
Published: July 2020

PURPOSE:

To evaluate clinical and safety results obtained with an extended depth of focus (EDOF) intraocular lens (IOL).

METHODS:

In this European, multicenter, prospective, uncontrolled, interventional study, 77 patients were enrolled in the study, 71 patients received bilateral implantation of the Mini Well Ready EDOF IOL (SIFI S.p.A.), and 68 patients completed the study and were evaluated 2 to 4 months postoperatively. Each clinical examination recorded uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuity, uncorrected (UIVA) and distance-corrected (DCIVA) intermediate visual acuity, and uncorrected (UNVA), distance-corrected (DCNVA), and corrected (CNVA) near visual acuity. A defocus curve from +2.00 to −5.00 diopters (D) was obtained, contrast sensitivity and reading ability were assessed, and the perception of dysphotopsia was evaluated.

RESULTS:

Mean binocular visual results showed UDVA, UIVA, and UNVA values of −0.01 ± 0.15, 0.03 ± 0.10, and 0.10 ± 0.11 logMAR, respectively. Mean binocular defocus curve demonstrated a visual acuity of 0.30 logMAR or better from +2.00 to −3.00 D. Mean photopic contrast sensitivity values were 1.86, 2.18, 1,97, 1.51, and 1.17 at 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0, and 18.0 cycles per degree, respectively. A fluent reading speed of 80 words per minute was reached at 0.5 logRAD by 95.31% of patients without distance correction. The mean halo size was 33.06 ± 14.25, mean halo intensity was 38.00 ± 18.51, mean glare size was 23.85 ± 10.43, and mean glare intensity was 42.23 ± 13.22. One postoperative complication, a moderate photophobia, was observed and classified as related to the lens.

CONCLUSIONS:

The Mini Well Ready EDOF IOL provides good visual acuity across various distances and functional reading ability provided at a near range, and delivers an enhanced contrast sensitivity while causing a low incidence of photic phenomena.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2020;36(7):426–434.]
Effect of the Vectorial Difference Between Manifest Refractive Astigmatism and Anterior Corneal Astigmatism on Topography-Guided LASIK Outcomes
Authors: Wallerstein Avi , Gauvin Mathieu , Qi Susan Ruyu , Cohen Mark
Published: July 2020

PURPOSE:

To characterize the preoperative vectorial difference between manifest refractive astigmatism and anterior corneal astigmatism, termed ocular residual astigmatism (ORA), and to investigate its influence on topography-guided laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) outcomes.

METHODS:

Comparative retrospective analysis of 21,581 consecutive eyes treated on the manifest refractive astigmatism. Standard outcomes of the 7,180 eyes with the lowest ORA (first tercile: 0.35 ± 0.13 diopters [D]) were compared to the 7,208 eyes with the highest ORA (last tercile: 1.13 ± 0.25 D).

RESULTS:

The ORA followed a right-skewed normal distribution (
R
2
= 0.99) with a mean ± standard deviation of 0.73 ± 0.36 D. The efficacy index of eyes with low versus high ORA was identical (0.98 ± 0.07 vs 0.98 ± 0.08;
P
= .99), with a similar percentage having a spherical equivalent within ±0.50 D of the intended target (94.7% vs 94.1%;
P
= .11). The safety index (1.00 ± 0.04 vs 1.00 ± 0.04;
P
= .99) and Alpins correction index (1.01 ± 0.37 vs 1.00 ± 0.43;
P
= .10) were identical. A greater number of eyes with high versus low ORA had postoperative residual astigmatism of 0.75 D or greater (6.1% vs 3.9%). Eyes with very high ORA (ORA ⩾ 1.50 D; 2.5% of the population) marginally reduced the efficacy index from 0.98 to 0.97 (
P
< .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

The contribution of ORA to topography-guided clinical outcomes in most virgin eyes is negligible, with excellent efficacy, accuracy, and safety in both low ORA and high ORA groups. Myopic eyes with high ORA treated on the manifest refraction should not be excluded from topography-guided LASIK.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2020;36(7):449–458.]
Isabel I de Castilla y los monasterios de clarisas: el cuerpo político de la reina
Authors: Graña Cid María del Mar
Published: July 2020

Isabel I entabló un vínculo especial con los monasterios de la Orden de Santa Clara que tuvo que ver con su condición de reina
propietaria de Castilla. Se analiza aquí su interés político y el concepto de reginalidad subyacente estudiando sus fundaciones de San Antonio de Segovia y Santa Isabel de Granada, únicos monasterios femeninos que mencionó en su testamento, así como su actividad de apoyo a otros establecimientos de la orden y las redes femeninas configuradas en torno suyo
Un manuscrito y dos conventos (siglos XIV-XVI). La regla en catalán de Santa Clara de Vilafranca del Penedès y Santa María de Jerusalén
Authors: Garí Blanca , Jornet-Benito Núria
Published: July 2020

Este trabajo parte de un estado de la cuestión de lo que hoy sabemos sobre dos conventos de clarisas catalanas entre los siglos XIV al XVI y analiza un manuscrito que recoge la Regla de Urbano IV traducida al catalán con toda probabilidad para las clarisas del primer monasterio, Santa Clara de Vilafranca del Penedès, que en el siglo XVI acabará uniéndose al segundo de ellos, Santa María de Jerusalén. El estudio del manuscrito y sus poseedoras se encuadra en el marco más general de una investigación que busca contextualizar los objetos en relación; sea con su «materialidad» a través de las huellas, textuales o no, que han ido dejando en él los procesos de producción, manipulación y uso; sea con su «espacialidad» a través de la red de significaciones que crean sus contextos de uso, custodia y relación performativa.
Cortesanía y humanismo en el debate sobre la mujer: Alfonso de Cartagena y su Duodenarium
Authors: Fernández Gallardo Luis
Published: July 2020

Alfonso de Cartagena (1385-1456) escribió su Duodenarium (1442) a instancias de Fernán Pérez de Guzmán. Se trata de la respuesta a una serie de cuestiones; la última se refiere al debate de la mujer: ¿qué excelencia es mejor, la femenina o la masculina? Sostiene la superioridad de una mujer, la Virgen, sobre cualquier otro ser humano y analiza las virtudes propias de hombres (fortaleza, justicia) y mujeres (modestia, recato). Vindica la excelencia femenina mediante tres diálogos —revelador de una elaboración literaria, pero se le impuso a don Alonso el modelo del diálogo-disputa de tradición medieval— de tres parejas excelsas, correspondientes a los tres estadios de evolución moral: ley natural (Lucrecia y Catón), ley vieja (Susana y José) y ley nueva (reina Berenguela y Fernando III de Castilla). Sus ideas sobre la mujer y el matrimonio son conservadoras, rigoristas: marginación de la sexualidad y defensa firme del consentimiento parental. Completa éstas el comentario del elogio bíblico de la buena esposa (Proverbios 31), anticipo de La perfecta casada de Fray Luis de León.
Propuestas de lecturas y prácticas devotas para mujeres en el siglo XV
Authors: Jiménez Moreno Arturo
Published: July 2020

Los textos religiosos dirigidos a mujeres durante el siglo XV tienden a repetir algunos contenidos comunes relacionados con el comportamiento femenino, pero también con sus prácticas devotas o su espiritualidad. Se trata de textos de naturaleza y procedencia diversa que anticipan algunas de las propuestas que, a partir de las reformas cisnerianas, se dan en la España de la siguiente centuria. En general, los textos analizados pretenden controlar tanto los tiempos como las lecturas o las formas de devoción de la mujer laica y religiosa.
La emergencia de la autoridad espiritual femenina «ortodoxa»: el modelo de María de Ajofrín
Authors: Sanmartín Bastida Rebeca
Published: July 2020

En este artículo se abordará cómo la beata jerónima María de Ajofrín (?-1489) encabeza la emergencia de una nueva autoridad espiritual femenina ortodoxa en el último tercio del siglo XV a través de sus carismas y de su relación con los siguientes ámbitos: 1) con el modelo de Catalina de Siena y, secundariamente, de otras santas; 2) con la comida y la eucaristía; 3) con la corte de los Reyes Católicos; 4) con la Inquisición y las autoridades eclesiásticas; 5) con el libro; 6) con el arte; y 7) con la puesta en escena de la palabra y el silencio.
La figura de Antonio Caballero y Góngora y su labor como «arzobispo obispo de Córdoba»
Authors: Ruiz Carrasco Jesús María
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo pretende aportar una necesaria actualización historiográfica y nuevos datos sobre la figura de Antonio Caballero y Góngora. Ateniendo previamente a la totalidad de su trayectoria, este estudio se ocupa principalmente de la labor de Caballero como obispo de Córdoba, que destacó por la introducción de los valores ilustrados en su Diócesis, la renovación de los procedimientos de la curia cordobesa y la promoción de importantes empresas artísticas, culturales, sociales y pastorales que marcaron un hito y un ejemplo a seguir para futuros prelados.
High-Temperature Electronics Packaging for Simulated Venus Condition
Authors: Nasiri Ardalan , Ang Simon S. , Cannon Tom , Porter Errol V. , Porter Kaoru Uema , Chapin Caitlin , Chen Ruiqi , Senesky Debbie G.
Published: July 2020

An electronic packaging technology that survives the simulated Venusian surface temperature of 465°C and 96 bar pressure in carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen environments, without the corrosive trace gases, was developed. Alumina ceramic substrates and gold conductors on alumina were evaluated for electrical and mechanical performance. The most promising die-attach materials are thick-film gold and alumina-based ceramic pastes. Alumina, sapphire, silicon, and silicon carbide dies were attached to the alumina substrates using these die-attach materials and exposed to 96 bar pressure in a CO2 environment at 465°C for 244 h. The ceramic die-attach material showed consistent shear strengths before and after the test. An alumina ceramic encapsulation material was also evaluated for thermomechanical stability. The devices on the packaging substrates were encapsulated by a ceramic encapsulation with no significant increase in cracks and voids after the Venusian simulator test. Wire pull strength tests were conducted on the gold bond wire to evaluate mechanical durability before and after the Venusian simulator exposure. The average gold bond wire pull strengths before and after exposure were 5.78 g-F and 4 g-F for 1-mil gold bond wires, respectively, meeting the minimum MIL-STD-885 2011.9 standard. The overall wire bond daisy chain resistance change was .47% after the Venus simulator test, indicating a promising wire bond integrity. A titanium package was fabricated to house the ceramic packaging substrate and a two-level metalized feedthrough was fabricated to provide electrical interfaces to the package.
UN'ANALISI ISTITUZIONALE DEL DECLINO DELL'ECONOMIA ITALIANA
Authors: Capussela Andrea
Published: July 2020

This paper attempts an interpretation of Italy’s recent economic decline, which began two decades before the Great Recession. It argues that its deeper roots lie in the political economy of growth. This interpretation is illustrated through a discussion of Italy’s recent growth trajectory and of its politico-economic equilibrium. The emphasis is placed on the country’s convergence to the productivity frontier and TFP performance, and on the evolution of its social order and institutions. The lens through which this case is reviewed, to illuminate the origins and evolution of the current constraints to growth, is drawn from institutional economics and Schumpeterian growth theory. It is exemplified by analysing two alternative reactions to the insufficient provision of public goods: an opportunistic one—employing tax evasion, corruption, or clientelism as means to appropriate private goods—and one based on enforcing political accountability. From the perspective of ordinary citizens and firms such social dilemmas can typically be modelled as coordination games, which have multiple equilibria. Self-interested rationality can thus lead to a spiral, in which several mutually reinforcing vicious circles lead society onto an inefficient equilibrium characterized by low political accountability and weak rule of law.
Apoptosis and genes involved in oral cancer - a comprehensive review
Authors: Dwivedi Ruby , Pandey Rahul , Chandra Shaleen , Mehrotra Divya
Published: July 2020

Oral cancers needs relentless research due to high mortality and morbidity associated with it. Despite of the comparable ease in accessibility to these sites, more than 2/3rd cases are diagnosed in advanced stages. Molecular/genetic studies augment clinical assessment, classification and prediction of malignant potential of oral lesions, thereby reducing its incidence and increasing the scope for early diagnosis and treatment of oral cancers. Herein we aim to review the role of apoptosis and genes associated with it in oral cancer development in order to aid in early diagnosis, prediction of malignant potential and evaluation of possible treatment targets in oral cancer. An internet-based search was done with key words apoptosis, genes, mutations, targets and analysis to extract 72 articles after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. The knowledge of genetics and genomics of oral cancer is of utmost need in order to stop the rising prevalence of oral cancer. Translational approach and interventions at the early stage of oral cancer, targeted destruction of cancerous cells by silencing or promoting involved genes should be the ideal intervention.
Androgen deprivation therapy and side effects
Authors: Freedland Stephen J , Abrahamsson Per-Anders
Published: July 2020

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists and antagonists is the mainstay of advanced prostate cancer treatment. Both drug classes decrease levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH), thereby lowering testosterone to castrate levels. This is associated with adverse events (AEs), including cardiovascular (CV) disorders, bone fractures, metabolic dysfunction, and impaired cognitive function. This literature review discusses these AEs, with a focus on CV and bone-related events. A hypothesis-generating meta-analysis of six clinical trials showed a potentially increased risk for CV disorders with GnRH agonists versus the GnRH antagonist degarelix. While no study has directly compared GnRH agonists versus antagonists with a primary CV outcome, one hypothesis for this observation is that GnRH agonists lead to initial surges in FSH that may negatively impact CV health, whereas antagonists do not. GnRH agonists are associated with metabolic and cognitive AEs and while data are lacking for GnRH antagonists, no differences in risk are predicted. Other common AEs with ADT include injection site reactions, which are much more common with degarelix than with GnRH agonists, which may reflect differing administration and injection techniques. Future studies are needed to further evaluate and compare the safety profiles of GnRH agonists and antagonists, especially in patients with pre-existing CV disease and other co-morbidities. Physicians should carefully evaluate benefits and risks when prescribing ADT and ensure that side effects are well managed.
Optimum prediction for inhibition efficiency of Sapium ellipticum leaf extract as corrosion inhibitor of aluminum alloy (AA3003) in hydrochloric acid solution using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and response surface methodology
Authors: Okechukwu Dominic Onukwuli , Valentine Chikaodili Anadebe , Chizoba Sandra Okafor
Published: July 2020

Statistical optimization was used to optimize corrosion inhibition efficiency of Sapium ellipticum leaf extract as corrosion inhibitor of aluminum in acid medium. Response surface methodology was applied, and the effects of four independent variables; acid concentration, inhibitor concentration, temperature, time, and their expected responses were determined. Central composite design a statistical tool was used to generate a total of 16 individual experimental runs, which was previously design to study the effects of these variables during corrosion process. The uniqueness of the model was scrutinized with various criteria including coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.987), p value (< 0.0001), adequate precision (30.22) and coefficient of variation (5.30). The RSM is well fitted in the model which adequately predicted the optimum inhibition efficiency of 96.73% at optimum inhibitor concentration of 1.5g/L-1, acid concentration 1 M, temperature of 303 K and time of 6 hours. Also the electrochemical concept signifies that Sapium ellipticum acts as a mixed-kind inhibitor. The experimental data obtained is in conformity with other research works.

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(1), 175-191.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i1.17
Analysis of seed yam varieties, sources and quantity demanded by farmers in major yam producing districts in Ghana
Authors: Boadu P. , Aidoo R. , Ohene-Yankyera K. , Kleih U. , Abdoulaye T. , Orchard J. , Maroya N. , Owusu M. , Bekoe S.
Published: July 2020

The study analysed the varieties, sources and quantities of seed yam demanded by farmers for cultivation in order to inform policies aimed at ensuring adequate supply of quality seed yam of desirable varieties at an affordable price to boost yam productivity for improved income and livelihoods. A structured questionnaire was administered to 380 randomly selected yam farmers in three major yam producing districts in Ghana in 2015. The data analysis was done using STATA statistical software. The study identified Pona/Punjo, Lariboko, Asana, Afebetuye, Dente, Olondo and Kparinjo as the yam varieties mainly cultivated by farmers in a reducing order with high market demands by consumers. Own production remains the major source of seed yam for farmers. The estimated monetary value of quantity of seed yam used by farmers for cultivation in 2014 farming season was GH¢ 198, 552,841.0 (USD 51,706,469.0) in the study locations. About GH¢ 5,679,979.0 (USD 1,479,161.2) worth of quantities of seed yam was obtained from the market and other sources. The results demonstrate the existence of market potential for commercial seed yam production and supply in Ghana. Commercial seed yam certification system and yam breeding activities should target the identified yam varieties.
Industrialization of cassava sector in Ghana: progress and the role of developing high starch cassava varieties
Authors: Dankwa K. O. , Peprah B. B.
Published: July 2020

In Ghana, cassava is a marginalized crop in food policies due to low research attention given it. However, high starch in cassava root is an important characteristic that makes the crop a potential industrial cash crop. In light of this, the Government of Ghana in 2001 introduced the Presidential Special Initiative (PSI) on Cassava, which aimed at industrializing the cassava sector for job creation and livelihood improvement through starch extraction. One of the import industrial products from cassava starch is ethanol. Ethanol is reported as the largest opportunity for cassava industrialization in Ghana followed by food-grade starch. However, the local ethanol consuming industry, Kasapreko, operates by importing over 25 million litres of ethanol every year due to inadequate supply of ethanol from local starch factories. This situation exists because of lack of cassava varieties that can yield more starch (75% or more) per total dry weight to feed the starch factories for sustainable production. Therefore, this review explores the relevance of developing high starch yielding cassava to the industrialization of the cassava sector in Ghana and lessons to learn from the success story of Thailand, the country with the world’s most industrialized cassava sector.
Humanities and Sciences as Complementary Aspects of an Afrikan=Black Whole: Evidence from Archeoastronomy
Authors: Kambon Obádélé Bakari , Asare Yaw Mankatah
Published: July 2020

In ancient Afrika, science, technology, engineering and mathematics were not seen as separate from or at odds with what is now referred to in English as the Humanities. Focusing on archeoastronomy of  Kmt ‘land of Black people (i.e. Ancient Egypt)’, we demonstrate that the scientific principles used to build pyramids, temples, and other edifices were rooted in and fused with Afrikan systems of deep thought and spirituality. The method adopted in this study examines alignments of structures of  Kmt ‘land of Black people’ with respect to solar and celestial phenomena in an attempt to establish systematic patterns and correlations between architectural alignments and astronomical phenomena. This method is adopted to show the relationship between structures constructed and knowledge of the oneness of humanities and sciences. Therefore, in this study, we find that the dichotomization and fragmentation of knowledge and disciplines should move towards a more holistic  Kmtyw ‘Black people, people of Kmt’ perspective.
Compared to them, we are angels: Parliament, othering and the fight against corruption in Ghana
Authors: Sarfo-Kantankah Kwabena Sarfo , Arko Joseph
Published: July 2020

Due to its supervisory responsibility over the executive and public institutions, including ministries, departments and agencies (MDAs), Ghana’s legislature has a mandate to check and fight corruption and make its practice a high risk, low-gain activity. The commitment, urgency and the willingness to fight corruption can be seen not only in creating the legislative framework for addressing corruption, promoting governmental accountability and acting as a check on the executive, but also in how the subject of corruption is broached in parliamentary debates and discussions, an area which relatively lacks scholarly attention. First, using an interpretive content analysis, this paper studies the approaches to the fight against corruption in Ghana by examining the Parliamentary Committee report on the National Anti-Corruption Action Plan (NACAP) and, the debate thereof, in order to uncover the focus of the NACAP. Second, the paper examines Parliamentarians’ use of evaluative language in parliamentary debates to enact otherness and how this othering affects the fight against corruption in Ghana. The paper finds that the NACAP suggests a three-pronged approach to the fight against corruption, viz: ethical/educational, multi-stakeholder and legal approaches. However, the implementation of these approaches has been ineffective due to certain Ghanaian cultural practices. Again, the paper finds that as a result of othering between government and opposition MPs, the fight against corruption is only incidental in parliamentary debates, indicating a low parliamentary commitment to the fight against corruption. Thus, the paper suggests that the fight against corruption must be taken away from the corridors of the Parliament of Ghana.
Characteristics of interpersonal violence in adult victims at the Adult Emergency Trauma Centre (AETC) of Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital
Authors: Sheikh Shabnam
Published: July 2020

IntroductionGlobally, the burden of interpersonal violence and its significant impact on mortality, morbidity and disability makes it a major public health problem which necessitates intervention. This article examines characteristics of victims of interpersonal violence and violent events in Malawi. The focus is on a population that has been traditionally neglected in literature.MethodsQueen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH) maintains a trauma registry with data that is prospectively collected. Patients offered trauma care after interpersonal violence from May 2013 to May 2015 were evaluated.Results There were 1431 patients with violent events recorded at the Adult Emergency Trauma Centre (AETC) with a male predominance of 79.5%. The dominant age group was young adults between 25-29 years old (22%). Most attacks occurred during cold and dry season (46.9%) and most common location was on the road (37.2%). Alcohol use by victims was recorded in 10.5% of cases. Soft tissue injuries were the most common injuries sustained (74.1%). Most patients were treated as outpatients (80.9%). There were two deaths. At multivariate analysis, women had a lower risk of interpersonal violence as compared to men, (OR 0.82 [0.69–0.98]). Victims’ use of alcohol was associated with increased risk of assault (OR 1.63 [1.27–2.10]). As compared to other places, odds of being assaulted were higher at home (OR 1.62 [1.27–2.06]) but lower at work (OR 0.68 [0.52–0.89) and on the road (OR 0.82 [0.65–1.03]). Odds of being assaulted were higher in the cold and dry season as compared to hot and dry season, (OR 1.26 [1.08–1.47]).ConclusionYoung males were most involved in interpersonal violence. Location of injury and seasonal variation were significant factors associated with interpersonal violence and most commonly sustained injuries were soft tissue injuries. These findings will help in identifying targeted interventions for interpersonal violence in Malawi and other low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs).
Back into Modernity? COVID-19 Returns Nation-State to Its Original Nature
Authors: Silaev N. Yu. , Protsenko N. P.
Published: July 2020

From a historical perspective, the curbing of epidemics was the collateral effect of emerging European Modern states. The current COVID-19 pandemic reminds that. It supports the broad international tendency to strengthen state sovereignty, nationalism, and economic protectionism. Meanwhile, in recent decades health care systems around the world have been evolving toward deregulation, use of market mechanisms, and decrease of state interventions, and it was one of the most salient evidence that Modern state is being deconstructed. The current crisis puts forward the prospect that Modern comes back with the following social conflicts, interstate rivalry, and growing power inequality between the international system actors.
El uso de la medicina ancestral como alternativa al uso indebido de fármacos químicos.
Authors: Machado Maliza Mesías Elías , Cangas Oña Lola Ximena , Jaya Baldeón Kevin Daniel , Mosquera Endara Mónica Del Rocío
Published: July 2020

El uso de fármacos químicos es una problemática de carácter global que afecta a países desarrollados como en vías de desarrollo. Los antibióticos constituyen uno de los principales medicamentos de mal uso con repercusiones ambientales graves; en Ecuador, el problema es mayor, existe escasa o nula regulación de autoconsumo. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la mala utilización y el daño que generan los antibióticos químicos en los usuarios, con el afán de reducir su abuso, evitando daños en la calidad de vida de las personas. La investigación es bibliográfica y de campo. En síntesis, el accionar de la medicina química es rápido y eficaz, generalmente los químicos usados curan dolencias, pero perjudican otros órganos sensibles de nuestro cuerpo.
Estrategias para el desarrollo de competencias digitales con fines didácticos. Un estudio de caso.
Authors: Arizmendi León Salvador
Published: July 2020

En el presente trabajo se abordó la problemática del desarrollo de competencia digitales con fines didácticos, la investigación se llevó a cabo en el Instituto Tecnológico de Iguala en la carrera de Ingeniería en sistemas computacionales. Se aplicó un cuestionario para conocer las competencias digitales básicas con que cuentan una muestra de estudiantes de la carrera, así mismo se realizó un grupo de discusión con 4 profesores de la carrera para conocer que metodologías incorporan para el aprovechamiento de herramientas tecnológicas en el proceso enseñanza – aprendizaje. Se diseñó y aplicó una estrategia didáctica para la asignatura de Taller de Sistemas operativos con metodologías activas para que los estudiantes desarrollaran competencias digitales con fines didácticos. Se validó la propuesta.
POLÍTICA DE DESENVOLVIMENTO RURAL SUSTENTÁVEL NOS CONSELHOS MUNICIPAIS E NO COLEGIADO TERRITORIAL DO ALTO SERTÃO SERGIPANO.
Authors: Almeida do Nascimento Taiane
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo foi elaborado a partir do Curso de Especialização em Residência Agrária (Agroecologia, Questão Agrária, Agroindústria e Cooperativismo), justifica- se pela necessidade da participação popular nas instâncias de Controle Social com vistas a problematizar e propor ações concretas que fortaleçam esta relação. A Constituição de 1988 ratifica a democracia direta no seu Capítulo II - Dos Direitos Sociais, “É assegurada a participação dos trabalhadores e empregadores nos colegiados dos órgãos públicos em que seus interesses profissionais ou previdenciários sejam objeto de discussão e deliberação” (art.10), ou seja, o debate em espaços coletivos para a exposição de ideias, propostas e ações de decisão. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi investigar como se dá a articulação do Colegiado Territorial do Alto Sertão Sergipano com os CMDRS para ampliar o Controle Social das Políticas de Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável, e, ao mesmo tempo reforçar essa relação. Para isso foram cumpridos objetivos específicos: acompanhar a dinâmica do Colegiado Territorial do Alto Sertão Sergipano; investigar a legislação e as Políticas de Desenvolvimento Sustentável e socializar os resultados da pesquisa e apoiar o processo de aproximação entre Colegiado e CMDRS. Este trabalho se orienta pelo método dialético, por aproximar-se da realidade concreta dos sujeitos históricos em sua dinâmica e contradições. Em busca de compreender a participação popular nos conselhos gestores e no colegiado territorial do Alto Sertão Sergipano a metodologia da pesquisa utilizada foi a entrevista semiestruturada com 10 pessoas, sendo 06 dos CMDRS priorizando-se representantes da sociedade civil.

 

Palavras – Chave: Política de Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável. Conselhos Municipais de Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável. Colegiado Territorial de Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável.
Analysis and implementation of free education at the University of Atacama
Authors: Burgos Videla Carmen , Oña Macías Ana , Castillo Rojas Wilson
Published: July 2020

Based on the Chilean reality about the Free Education Policy (2016), the article presents a study that addresses the reception sustained by higher education institutions regarding the mechanisms of application and control of the policy; taking as a sample the group of students at the University of Atacama with the benefit on the year 2018. The quantitative data analysis is carried out considering the faculties and careers, the route of entry of the students, type of establishment of origin, and academic's entry factors. It is concluded that without evaluation and monitoring mechanisms this benefit could become an item of the higher education budget without fruitful results for the country. Regarding the result, it is established that in the sample analyzed, students who enter by regular route or University Selection Test (PSU), the score range obtained in Middle School Grades (NEM), is lower than the PSU and Ranking scores, so it does not influence significantly as an academic income factor. This means that for a student with the benefit prevails the PSU score, independent where he has completed his secondary education, and to which career he enters.
Evaluative research on teaching innovation with simulators in the area of Technology in Compulsory Secondary Education.
Authors: Micó-Amigo Ester , Bernal Bravo César
Published: July 2020

The meaning of knowledge through simulation implies knowing how to interpret everyday processes and situations. The knowing of mechanisms and technological operators involved, being competences that are worked with special attention in the Technology classroom and help to consolidate knowledge, awaken the interest of students and motivate them towards research in the field of science and technology, as well as their capacity for analysis and reasoning.
The research methodology is an action research, common to evaluative studies of educational innovation in training processes and improvement of professional practice. The selection of this teaching experience is due, on the one hand, to its innovation proposal integrating the methodological strategy of "Problem-Based Learning (ABP) being the backbone of the Technology area. On the other hand, the use of simulators, playing a fundamental role in the implementation of those processes embodied in projects that solve simple day-to-day problems. The emerging critical explanatory categories - selected for this work - have been; interest in solving technical problems, in robotics sessions, and programming simple mechanisms.
As a result, the design of educational experiences based on the simulation of mechanisms or processes through digital media awakens the interests of the students as well as other sensations and emotions linked to the great diversity of content developed in the computer room, highlight the themes current technological booming as programming, simulation of structures, mechanical movements or electrical and automatic circuits.
La responsabilidad de las empresas en el sistema del Consejo de Europa
Authors: Ushakova Tatsiana
Published: July 2020

El estudio contribuye a la reflexión sobre la posición de las empresas, y en especial las multinacionales, entre los sujetos y actores del Derecho internacional. Para describir dicha posición, se hace referencia a los elementos de la personalidad jurídica internacional, en particular, la capacidad de ser titular de los derechos y obligaciones conferidos por las normas internacionales. Se analizan las vías de la responsabilidad de las empresas por violación de los derechos humanos en el sistema del Consejo de Europa. Al respecto, proporciona el punto de partida el hecho de que, según el CEDH, las empresas puedan demandar ante el TEDH por vulneración de sus derechos. Parece coherente que dicha atribución tenga como contrapartida la responsabilidad por la violación de sus obligaciones en materia de derechos humanos.
The Effectiveness of Development Results of Pro-show Media Based on Solar System Poem and Song on Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Kurniawanti Yeni , Saputro Budiyono , Bahuguna Sakshi
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the results of the development of poem and song-based proshow media on MI Al-Falah Soropadan District of Pringsurat students' learning outcomes in the solar system material. The research method used is quantitative with One-Group Pretest-posttest design. The subjects of the study were sixth graders of MI AL-Falah Soropadan and teachers in Pringsurat District. The research instruments were pretest and posttest of solar material. T-test results obtained t -73.676, p = 0.00 0.05, which means that the poem and song-based proshow media development results are effective on MI Al-Falah Soropadan Pringsurat District students' learning outcomes in solar system material. Poem and song-based proshow media provide solutions for teachers and students in increasing mastery of science subjects.