bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Solution-State Conformations of 2,4,6-Tri-t-butyl-benzaldehyde and -thiobenzaldehyde
Authors: Lumbroso Henri , Curé Jacqueline , Okazaki Renzo , Ishii Akihiko , Inamoto Naoki
Published: September 2020

Formyl-ring conjugation has been examined in benzaldehyde, 2,4,6-trimethyl- and 2,4,6-tri t- butyl-benzaldehyde, and the ab initio STO-3G π-electron distribution in benzaldehyde has been analysed in terms of the mesomeric and π-inductive effect of the formyl group. The electric dipole moment determined in benzene solution at 30.0 °C, and formyl-carbon n.m.r. chemical shift, recorded in deuterochloroform, of 2,4,6-tri-t-butylbenzaldehyde indicate a nonplanar conformation with a formyl-group rotational angle (ϕ) of about 65°. The dipole moment of 2,4,6-tri- t-butylthiobenzaldehyde, also in benzene solution at 30.0 °C, is consistent with a nearly orthogonal model [ϕ ~ 90°), in agreement with the X-ray structure in the crystalline phase giving ϕ = 89.1 ° .
Optical Absorption Spectra of Vanadyl Ion (Impurities) in Three Host Crystal Compounds
Authors: Agarwal O. P. , Chand Prem
Published: September 2020

Results of the optical absorption study of vanadyl ion doped in magnesium ammonium sulphate hexahydrate, rubidium sulphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate single crystals at RT are reported. The nature of optical bands suggests a C4v symmetry of the Vanadyl complexes in conformity with the EPR results. Powder EPR data and optical data are correlated to obtain the MO coefficients.
Poisson Ratios of Polycrystals
Authors: Milstein Frederick , Budek Andrew M.
Published: September 2020

Poisson ratios of fee and bcc polycrystals are calculated for a variety of atomic models and the theoretical results are compared with experiment. In contrast with previously reported results, it is found that an accurate description of polycrystalline Poisson ratios of metals is obtained from the model in which the binding energy Ebind consists of a structure dependent part Estr and a volume dependent part Evol. Investigations are made of the general, inherent abilities of various subsets of this model to describe experimental polycrystalline Poisson ratios; these subsets include the Cauchy model (i.e. Evol is neglected in Ebind) and the Milstein-Rasky model (i.e. the volume dependent contribution to the bulk modulus χvol is neglected). In addition, specific com putations of polycrystalline Poisson ratios are made for the complete families of bcc and fcc Morse function (Cauchy) crystals and for (non-Cauchy) models (simplified forms of which are suggested by pseudopotential theory for the noble metals).
Notizen: A More Accurate Explicit Scheme to Solve Certain Quantum Operator Equations of Motion
Authors: Vázquez Luis
Published: September 2020

We propose an explicit finite difference scheme to solve operator equations of motion in quantum mechanics and in a quantum scalar field theory.
Studies of Polymer Solvation by Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy III: Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone in N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, Ethanediol, Methanol, and Water
Authors: Dachwitz E.
Published: September 2020

The permittivity of the title solutions has been measured at frequencies between some MHz and 72 GHz at 20 °C. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone of relative molar mass ranging from 1200 to 360 000 has been used. Referring to the concentration of monomeric repeat units (x = 0.65 maximum) there is no significant chain length effect. The permittivity data are described in terms of discrete Debye type spectral components. Special attention is paid to the contributions ascribable to the solvents, which are discussed with respect to their solvation behaviour. This can be described by a three state solvent model as follows. Besides the "bulk" solvent a further contribution is found in any case which is due to loosely affected (slowed down) solvent. Moreover a part of the solvent appears to be tightly bound to the polymer at high concentrations. All the solvents considered show similar solvation properties, notwithstanding their different tendencies towards selfassociation.
Parametrization of Crystal Field Splittings of the 7Fj Levels in Eu3+ Doped Tetragonal Rare Earth Oxyhydroxides, REOOH :Eu 3+ (RE = Y and Lu)
Authors: Hölsä Jorma
Published: September 2020

The luminescence spectra of europium (3 + ) doped rare earth oxyhydroxides, REOOH :Eu3 + (RE = Y and Lu), were studied and analyzed at 77 and 300 K under UV and dye laser excitation. The observed 7F0_4 level schemes were simulated with the aid of the phenomenological crystal field theory. The descending symmetry method from C2v to Cs symmetry was used in the simulation. Good results were obtained with Cs symmetry simulation which yielded r.m.s. deviations of 6 and 7 cm -1 between the calculated and experimental 7F0_4 level schemes for YOOH:Eu3 + and LUOOH:EU
3+, respectively. The C2v simulation was found inadequate to describe the experimental energy level schemes. The even rank crystal field parameters vary only slightly as a function of the host. Comparison with the corresponding values obtained for the monoclinic form of the Eu3 + doped RE oxyhydroxides reveals significant differences.
Dynamics of Interlayer Cations in Tetramethylammonium-Saponite Studied by 1H, 2H NMR, and Electrical Conductivity Measurements
Authors: Ishimaru Shin’ichi , Yamauchi Miho , Ikeda Ryuichi
Published: September 2020

We observed 1H and 2H NMR spectra, 1H NMR spin-lattice relaxation times, and electrical con-ductivities of water-saturated and anhydrous tetramethylammonium(TMA)-saponites between 100 and 415 K. The very weakly bound cations produced narrow 1H and 2H NMR lines observed in both specimens down to 150 K. The temperature dependence of the 'H NMR spin-lattice relaxation times in the water-saturated and anhydrous samples gave asymmetric minima attributable to the heteroge-neous overall rotation and self-diffusion of the cations. The inhomogeneity of the cationic motions in the anhydrous TMA-saponite was greater than in the water-saturated one. From measurements of the electrical conductivity of anhydrous TMA-saponite a large anisotropic cation-diffusivity was concluded.
Translation, adaptation, and validation of the Calidad de la relación con su persona cercana Scale
Authors: Christoffel Marialda Moreira , Rodrigues Elisa da Conceição , Araujo Letícia de Souza Carvalho , Gomes Ana Letícia Monteiro , Machado Maria Estela Diniz , Toso Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves de Oliveira , Linares Ana Maria
Published: September 2020

Objective: to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Calidad de la relación con su persona cercana Scale into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: a methodological study, whose steps were: initial translation; translation synthesis; back-translation; pre-final version development by a panel of nine experts; pre-final version content validity, with 14 judges; pre-test with 30 pregnant women; reliability analysis; sending the translated version to the two authors of the original instrument. Results: outliers were reviewed and adjusted during translation and adaptation. The scale achieved conceptual and idiomatic equivalence. Content validity index was 0.92 and Cronbach’s Alpha was 0.869. The general score in the application ranged from 59 to 124, with an average of 94.4. Conclusion: after translation and adaptation, the scale was entitled Qualidade da Relação com a Pessoa Próxima, achieving semantic and idiomatic equivalence.
Quality of life assessment after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Fiorin Bruno Henrique , Moreira Rita Simone Lopes , Lopes Andressa Bolsoni , Sipolatti Walckiria Garcia Romero , Furieri Lorena Barros , Fioresi Mirian , Luna Filho Bráulio
Published: September 2020

Objective: to evaluate the quality of life after acute myocardial infarction, highlighting the differences by sex. Methods: analytical, observational study with 273 patients. For collection, a multidimensional assessment instrument was used for heart attacks. Data collected in a cardiology referral hospital, in which the t Student test was applied for analysis. Results: the majority were male (67.0%),with a mean age of 63.6 years, with a family history of heart attack (64.5%). The average quality of life score was 0.45,with 1.00 being the worst score. Dependence (0.82) and physical activity (0.50) were the worst assessed domains; and side effects (0.27) and diet (0.36), the best. The female gender had the worst averages (0.52, p<0.05), with emphasis on physical activity (0.58), emotion (0.49) and insecurity (0.44). Conclusion: impairments in quality of life were found after myocardial infarction, in which the dependency domain was the most compromised. The female sex had worse scores.
Care needs of the elderly who live alone: an intersectoral perception
Authors: Cardoso Giovana Peres , Damaceno Daniela Garcia , Alarcon Miriam Fernanda Sanches , Marin Maria José Sanches
Published: September 2020

Objective: to understand the perception of health and law professionals regarding care for frail elderly people who live alone. Methods: qualitative research, carried out through interviews with health and law professionals, using a vignette as a trigger, presenting the description of the story of a frail elderly woman who lived alone. Data were submitted to the thematic analysis technique. Results: the 23 professionals pointed out that the family members should be the responsible ones for the elderly; that institutionalization should take place as the last option; stressed the importance of multi-professional and intersectoral work; and recognized the limitations of the state. The professionals reported the appropriate interventions for the case. Conclusion: in care for the elderly who live alone, there are limitations for families, social care, and health services for the elderly, as well as the State, with the need to strengthen legally guaranteed resources.
POLITINIS IŠPRUSIMAS IR JĮ LEMIANTYS VEIKSNIAI: LIETUVOS ATVEJIS
Authors: Mažylytė Liucija
Published: September 2020

Straipsnyje analizuojami keli politinio piliečių išprusimo aspektai: politinio išprusimo kontekste vartojamos sąvokos, skirtingos paties politinio išprusimo sampratos, tyrimams naudojami politinio išprusimo matavimo kintamieji ir politinį išprusimą galintys lemti veiksniai. Dauguma politinio išprusimo tyrimų buvo atlikta užsienio valstybėse, tad kitų šalių autorių įžvalgas su tam tikromis išlygomis bandoma taikyti Lietuvai. Straipsnyje pateikiami statistinės analizės, atliktos remiantis 2008 m. reprezentatyvios Lietuvos gyventojų apklausos duomenimis, rezultatai: sukonstruotas Lietuvos gyventojų politinio išprusimo indeksas ir išskirti veiksniai, lemiantys piliečių politinio išprusimo lygį. Politinis išprusimas straipsnyje traktuojamas kaip individo turimos politinės žinios ir domėjimasis politika. Politinį išprusimą galinčių lemti individualaus lygmens veiksnių tyrimas leidžia daryti išvadą, kad svarbiausias veiksnys yra piliečių amžius. Santykinai labiau politiškai išprusę yra vyresni, geresnį išsilavinimą turintys, daugiau su aplinkiniais apie politiką diskutuojantys, daugiau informacijos priemonių naudojantys ir didesnes pajamas gaunantys individai.
GEORG SØRENSEN PASKAITOS VU TSPMI: APIE PASAULIOTVARKĄ 2011 M. IR NAUJĄ DEMOKRATIZACIJOS KVĖPAVIMĄ
Authors: Politologija
Published: September 2020

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Why Are SGLT2 Inhibitors Nephroprotective? Mechanisms of Action And Possible Benefits A Review
Authors: Santos-Alonso Carlos , Díaz-García Elena , Costero Olga , Maldonado-Martín María , Selgas Rafael
Published: September 2020

Recent researches have demonstrated that SGLT2i (Sodium-Glucose Linked Transporter 2 inhibitors) play a role in preventing the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, these studies have not to look into the mechanisms that justify this progress. In this document, we will approach the physiologic causes of the kidney response to SGLT2i treatment.

SGLT2i were firstly designed as physiologic antidiabetic drugs due to its glucose anti-absorptive action in kidneys. Nevertheless, the effect on glucose levels has proved to be modest, so other different ways have to be involved in their renal benefits. After the commercialization of these drugs, their hypouricemic action, antihypertensive effects, and weight loss have been noticed. Although those actions are positive for the kidney, they are mild and hardly could induce a reduction of proteinuria and a kidney function stabilization effect.

Other actions such as anti-inflammatory and metabolic could have more importance in the role of SGLT2i. SGLT2i have been shown to reduce hypoxia and fibrosis in the kidney by changing energetic balance and by reducing inflammatory activity. These two mechanisms are closely related to the settlement and progression of CKD.

In addition, SGLT2i reduce proteinuria, which is probably the leading contribution of these drugs for renal function stabilization, due in part to its hemodynamic action by reducing intraglomerular pressure (tubule glomerular balance).

In conclusion, SGLT2i kidney benefits could hardly be explained by a single effect. In fact, SGLT2i trigger several effects, that taken together explain the kidney improvements that have been described.
La nueva vida constitucional en 1869: entre (más) derechos y (menos) poderes
Authors: Martínez-Martínez Faustino
Published: September 2020

La Constitución de 1869 marca un hito dentro de nuestra Historia Constitucional por ser el primer texto abiertamente progresista y liberal de toda la centuria, centrado en los derechos y no en los poderes, tanto en el aspecto cuantitativo como también en el cualitativo ―defensa, restricciones, límites, garantías de tales derechos―. En suma, una Constitución diferente que es obra de un poder nacional auténticamente constituyente y que diseña un escenario ciudadano e institucional más avan-zado. Otra cosa será la puesta en marcha de este nuevo edificio político.
Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for prediction of soil coefficient of consolidation
Authors: Pham Thai Binh , Singh Sushant K. , Ly Hai-Bang
Published: September 2020

Soil Coefficient of Consolidation (Cv) is a crucial mechanical parameter and used to characterize whether the soil undergoes consolidation or compaction when subjected to pressure. In order to define such a parameter, the experimental approaches are costly, time-consuming, and required appropriate equipment to perform the tests. In this study, the development of an alternative manner to estimate the Cv, based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN), was conducted. A database containing 188 tests was used to develop the ANN model. Two structures of ANN were considered, and the accuracy of each model was assessed using common statistical measurements such as the coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). In performing 600 simulations in each case, the ANN structure containing 14 neurons was statistically superior to the other one. Finally, a typical ANN result was presented to prove that it can be an excellent predictor of the problem, with a satisfying accuracy performance that yielded of RMSE = 0.0614, MAE = 0.0415, and R2 = 0.99727. This study might help in quick and accurate prediction of the Cv used in civil engineering problems.
α-Amylase Inhibition Properties of Bee Pollen and Bee Bread (Perga)
Authors: KESKİN Merve , ÖZKÖK Asli
Published: September 2020

Bee pollen is a valuable bee product with its nutritional and bioactive values according to its protein, lipid, amino acid, vitamin and phenolic content. When bee pollen is converted into bee bread, it becomes more easily digestible in the human digestive system, because of the partial breakdown of the pollen wall, the exine layer, with the effect of fermentation. Therefore, bee bread has a richer nutrient content available than bee pollen. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic and degenerative disease with long-term effects and inhibition of α-amylase is important for the treatment of this disease. In this study, methanol extract of pollen and perga samples was prepared. Total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and α-amylase inhibition activity of the extract was determined. Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of pollen and perga extract was determined as 5.57-6.93 mg GAE/g and 74.56-97.66 µmol FeSO4.7H2O/g sample, respectively. IC50 value of bee pollen and perga for α-amylase inhibition was found to be 4.21 and 3.57 mg/mL, respectively. It could be concluded that perga may be more effective on Diabetes mellitus.
Topology of optimal flows with collective dynamics on closed orientable surfaces
Authors: Prishlyak Alexandr Olegovich , Loseva Mariya Viktorovna
Published: September 2020

We consider flows on a closed surface with one or more heteroclinic cycles that divide the surface into two regions. One of the region has gradient dynamics, like Morse fields. The other region has Hamiltonian dynamics generated by the field of the skew gradient of the simple Morse function. We construct the complete topological invariant of the flow using the Reeb and Oshemkov-Shark graphs and study its properties. We describe all possible structures of optimal flows with collective dynamics on oriented surfaces of genus no more than 2, both for flows containing a center and for flows without it.
Smooth approximations and their applications to homotopy types
Authors: Хохлюк Олександра Олександрівна , Maksymenko Sergiy Ivanovych
Published: September 2020

Let $M, N$ the be smooth manifolds, $\mathcal{C}^{r}(M,N)$ the space of ${C}^{r}$ maps endowed with the corresponding weak Whitney topology, and $\mathcal{B} \subset \mathcal{C}^{r}(M,N)$ an open subset.It is proved that for $0<r<s\leq\infty$ the inclusion $\mathcal{B} \cap \mathcal{C}^{s}(M,N) \subset \mathcal{B}$ is a weak homotopy equivalence.It is also established a parametrized variant of such a result.In particular, it is shown that for a compact manifold $M$, the inclusion of the space of $\mathcal{C}^{s}$ isotopies $\eta:[0,1]\times M \to M$ fixed near $\{0,1\}\times M$ into the space of loops $\Omega(\mathcal{D}^{r}(M), \mathrm{id}_{M})$ of the group of $\mathcal{C}^{r}$ diffeomorphisms of $M$ at $\mathrm{id}_{M}$ is a weak homotopy equivalence.
Role of Emollients in Prevention of the Comorbid Allergic Diseases Development in Children with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Murashkin Nikolay N. , Ivanov Roman A. , Fedorov Dmitri V. , Ambarchyan Eduard T. , Epishev Roman V. , Materikin Alexander I. , Opryatin Leonid A. , Savelova Alena A.
Published: September 2020

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the common multifactorial inflammatory diseases manifesting predominantly in childhood. There is significant number of cases of self-regression of the disease with aging. On the other hand, there is also another scenario ending with AD persistent course and/or development of comorbid allergic pathologies that can significantly worsen patient’s quality of life and finally lead to social maladjustment. The pathogenesis of such way includes epidermal barrier disturbance, transcutaneous sensibilisation and aberrant allergic (Th2) immune systemic response development. Main role in preventing of this pathological pathway is lying on the new class of moisturizers containing active components "emollients plus". They are considered as foundation for the therapy and prevention of the development of AD and other allergic diseases. This literature review provides relevant data on AD pathogenesis and development of comorbid allergic pathologies. This paper also covers data on the effect of emollients in restoration of the epidermal barrier and their use as preventive measures.
Results of a three-year follow-up and quality of life dynamics after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy
Authors: Klinkova A. S. , Kamenskaya O. V. , Loginova I. Yu. , Chernyavsky A. M. , Edemsky A. G. , Khabarov D. V. , Lomivorotov V. V.
Published: September 2020

Aim. To evaluate the results of a three-year follow-up of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and quality of life (QOL) dynamics after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE).

Material and methods. The study included 125 patients with CTEPH aged 49,7± 11,9 years. Three-year follow-up included the recording of adverse cardiovascular events, surgeries, death during the period from the end of hospitalization and up to three years. The SF-36 questionnaire was used to assess physical and mental wellbeing before and three years after PTE. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess the factors affecting QOL in the long-term postoperative period.

Results. During a three-year follow-up, adverse cardiovascular events was recorded in 1,9% of patients. One patient underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery and one patient — cholecystectomy. Reoperative PTE was not carried out. The overall three-year survival rate was 90,4%.At baseline, patients with CTEPH had a low level of physical and mental well-being (<40 points). Three years after the operation, these parameters significantly increased (p<0,05), but did not exceed 50 points. Multivariate linear regression revealed an unfavorable effect of early postoperative residual pulmonary hypertension on the physical health three years after PTE. Other factors (age, sex, body weight, comorbidity, hospital acquired complications) did not affect the physical and emotional aspects of QOL.

Conclusion. Three-year survival rate in patients with CTEPH after PTE was 90,4%. During the follow-up period, no recurrent thromboembolic events were recorded. Adverse cardiovascular events were recorded in 1,9% of patients. Three years after surgery, the physical and mental health increased in comparison with preoperative values, but did not exceed 50 points on the SF-36 questionnaire. The physical aspect of QOL after surgery is affected by early postoperative residual pulmonary hypertension.
A new method of left atrial appendage occlusion for the prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients with atrial fibrillation during coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Vecherskiy Yu. Yu. , Bogdanov Yu. I. , Batalov R. E. , Zatolokin V. V. , Saushkin V. V. , Zavadovskiy K. V. , Popov S. V.
Published: September 2020

Aim. To optimize the surgical technique for left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) during coronary artery bypass grafting.

Material and methods. The study included 60 patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. In the first group of patients, LAA was closed using the developed two-suture technique. In patients of the second group, a purse string suture was applied to the LAA. All patients underwent transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) before surgery to rule out the presence of intracardiac blood clots. To assess the effectiveness of the method in the postoperative period, TEE was performed.

Results. According to postoperative TEE, one case of LAA recanalization in each group was revealed (p>0,05). In the second group, the residual LAA cavity after applying a purse string suture was revealed. During the follow-up period, there were no neurological complications and deaths.

Conclusion. According to the study results, it was found that the proposed two-suture technique for LAA occlusion is not less effective than the purse-string suture. The developed technique of two-suture epicardial occlusion of LAA showed actual technical advantages, allowing to optimize this surgery in different categories of patients.
Effect of a combination of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and diuretic on the frequency and parameters of lower limb venous reflux in working-age men with hypertension
Authors: Letyagina S. V. , Baev V. M. , Shmeleva S. A. , Agafonova T. Yu.
Published: September 2020

Aim. To study the effect of combined antihypertensive therapy on the characteristics of venous reflux in working-age men with hypertension (HTN).

Material and methods. We examined 44 men aged 30-50 years with uncontrolled HTN. The dynamics of the rate, temporal and velocity parameters of venous reflux was analyzed for a 14-15 days of combined therapy with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (perindopril, 8 mg) and a diuretic (indapamide, 1,5 mg) both in the general group (n=44) and in groups of 22 men with/without chronic venous disease (CVD). CVD was diagnosed by physical examination according to the CEAP criteria. Reflux was assessed at rest by ultrasound of symmetric superficial, deep and perforator veins.

Results. In the general group of patients (n=44), a decrease in blood pressure was associated with significant negative dynamics of the reflux rate in all veins from 0 to 37, a positive dynamics only from 7 to 0 (p=0,0001). Analysis of the dynamics of reflux duration and velocity before and after treatment did not show any differences. The use of combination therapy in patients with HTN and CVD was associated with an increase in the reflux number (p=0,0001), while in patients with HTN without CVD, no significant dynamics was recorded. The proportion of patients with reflux after treatment in the CVD group more than doubled. Comparison of the temporal and velocity reflux parameters after treatment between the groups with/without CVD did not reveal any differences.

Conclusion. Two-week therapy with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a diuretic in working-age men with uncontrolled hypertension is accompanied by the appearance of a significant number of new venous refluxes, which is due to the presence of CVD among patients with hypertension. After treatment, the proportion of patients with reflux in the group with AH and CVD more than doubled.
Clinical audit of pre- and postnatal diagnostics of obstructive congenital left heart defects at the perinatal center (level III)
Authors: Shumakova O. V. , Bokeria E. L.
Published: September 2020

Aim. To compare the data of pre- and postnatal expert echocardiographic diagnostics of obstructive left heart defects (LHD) to identify a possible predictors and reasons for hypo- and overdiagnosis of this.

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of data from expert echocardiography of 194 fetuses and newborns with suspected obstructive LHD (coarctation of the aorta (CA), interruption of the aortic arch, aortic stenosis (AS), CA or interruption of the aortic arch with AS, hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS)) was performed.

Results. After birth, critical obstructive LHD was confirmed in 59,3% of newborns (115 out of 194): in cases of prenatally diagnosed CA — in 41% of children (42 out of 103); AS — in 67% (4 out of 6); CA with AS — in 65,9% (27 out of 41); HLHS — in 93,9% (39 out of 44); or interruption of the aortic arch with and without AS — in 100% (11 out of 11). After birth, the discrepancy in diagnoses of critical congenital heart defects was detected in 2 cases — obstructive LHD were not confirmed, but total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (APVD) was detected. In children with a confirmed diagnosis of HLHS after birth, there was a hypodiagnosis of obstructive forms of APVD in three newborns.

Conclusion. The probability of confirming a critical obstructive LHD after birth is higher, the more LHD were hypoplasized during intrauterine imaging. APVD may be “hemodynamically masked” as HLHS when prenatal echocardiography is performed. The combination of HLHS and obstructive forms of APVD can lead to HLHS “hemodynamic aggravation” due to an additional decrease in blood flow of left heart.
Timing of dual antiplatelet therapy in acute coronary syndrome: a problem of coronary artery bypass grafting accessibility for patients
Authors: Golovina T. S. , Neverova Yu. N. , Tarasov R. S.
Published: September 2020

The feasibility of dual antiplatelet therapy as early as possible in patients with ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome, where percutaneous coronary intervention is recommended, has been proven: it improves treatment outcomes by reducing the risk of adverse ischemic events, including stent thrombosis and myocardial infarction.This article provides a detailed analysis of the evidence data and current recommendations on the validity and timing of dual antiplatelet therapy for acute coronary syndrome. The emphasis is made on the controversy regarding the early dual antiplatelet therapy in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome. The rationale for using dual antiplatelet therapy only after coronary angiography and determining the revascularization strategy is described, which should increase the accessibility of coronary artery bypass graft surgery for patients.
First experience of transcatheter implantation of a Russian-made MedLab-CT prosthesis in a patient with dysfunction of biological mitral valve prosthesis
Authors: Bogachev-Prokofiev A. V. , Sharifulin R. M. , Ovcharov M. A. , Pivkin A. N. , Krestyaninov O. V. , Antropova T. V. , Ovchinnikova M. A. , Astapov D. A. , Sapegin A. V. , Afanasyev A. V. , Budagaev S. A. , Zheleznev S. I.
Published: September 2020

We present a case report of successful transcatheter implantation of a Russian-made cardiac valve prosthesis in a patient with dysfunction of biological mitral valve prosthesis (valve-in-valve). A patient aged 78 years with a high surgical risk and severe heart failure due to mitral valve bioprosthesis dysfunction is described. Fluoroscopyand transesophageal echocardiography-guided transapical implantation of a MedLab-CT prosthesis (23 mm) was made. When a heart rate of 180 beats per minute, a stent prosthesis was implanted. Transcatheter implant valve functioned properly after surgery. The patient was discharged in satisfactory condition.
Novel method for glomus-saving carotid endarterectomy sensu A. N. Kazantsev: cutting the internal carotid artery on the site from external and common carotid artery
Authors: Kazantsev A. N. , Chernykh K. P. , Zarkua N. E. , Lider R. Yu. , Kubachev K. G. , Bagdavadze G. Sh. , Kalinin E. Yu. , Zaitseva T. E. , Chikin A. E. , Artyukhov S. V. , Linets Yu. P.
Published: September 2020

Aim. To analyze the results of using a novel method of glomus-saving carotid endarterectomy (CEE) sensu A. N. Kazantsev.

Materials and methods. This cohort, comparative, prospective, open-label study from January 2018 to April 2020 included 475 patients who undergone one of the three glomus-saving types of CEE. Depending on the implemented revascularization strategy, all patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 — 136 patients (28,631%) CEE sensu R. A. Vinogradov; group 2 — 125 patients (26,316%) — sensu K. A. Antsupov; group 3 — 214 patients (45,053%) — sensu A. N. Kazantsev. Glomus-saving CEE sensu A. N. Kazantsev was carried as follows. Arteriotomy was performed along the inner edge of the external carotid artery (ECA) adjacent to the carotid sinus, 2 to 3 cm above the mouth, depending on the atherosclerotic lesion, with a transition to the common carotid artery (CCA) (also 2 to 3 cm below the mouth of the ECA). The internal carotid artery (ICA) was cut off at the site formed by the wall of the ECA and CCA. Next, an endarterectomy from the ICA was performed using the eversion technique. The next step was an open endarterectomy from EСA and СCA. Next, the ICA at the saved site was implanted in the previous position.

Results. No intergroup differences were observed during hospitalization. Due to intraoperative visualization of an extended lesion of the ICA, in some cases it became necessary to transform the operation: in group 1, 4,4% of cases required ICA prosthetics; in groups 2 and 3 — autologous ICA transplantation in 4,8% and 4,7% of cases, respectively. Also, 1 case of ischemic stroke was recorded in groups 1 and 2. The cause of the latter was ICA thrombosis due to intimal detachment distal to the removed plaque. All cases of ECA thrombosis in the hospital postoperative period were differentiated in group 2.In the long-term follow-up, the groups were also comparable in the complication rate. The cause of all ischemic strokes was the development of restenosis or thrombosis of the ICA/prosthesis. Among patients who underwent forced autologous transplantation of the ICA, restenosis was not recorded. It should also be noted that new ECA occlusions (n=12; 9,6%) were visualized 6 months after reconstruction only in group 2.

Conclusion. CEE sensu A. N. Kazantsev is the simplest technique of glomus-saving reconstructions, which have demonstrated their safety and effectiveness.
Comparison of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Capacity in Patients with Atrial Septal Defect Treated with Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery or Transcatheter Closure
Authors: Agus Hicaz Zencirkiran , Kahraman Serkan , Erturk Mehmet , Onan Burak , Kalkan Ali Kemal , Guner Ahmet , Birand Ali , Uzun Fatih , Kalkan Mehmet Emin , Yildiz Mustafa
Published: September 2020

Aim. The main aim of our study was to compare the results of transcatheter atrial septal defect (ASD) closure versus minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) focusing on cardiopulmonary exercise capacity and echocardiographic findings preoperatively and 1 month after defect closure.

Material and methods. 54 patients with ASD and finally 43 patients who were followed up were included in the study. 21 patients were in MICS (robotic or endoscopic approach) and 22 patients were in transcatheter closure arm. All patients investigated in detail by transesophageal echocardiography and underwent cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). At the end of first month, CPET and transthorasic echocardiography were reperformed.

Results. There was significant improvement of physical capacity after 1 month following the transcatheter closure procedure documented by exercise time and VO 2 max. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and tricuspid lateral annular systolic velocity (Tri S) were not changed. In surgery group right heart diameters declined significantly; but VO 2 max, TAPSE and Tri S significantly decreased.

Conclusion. Cardiopulmonary exercise function is increased in transcatheter closure group 1 month after closure and contrary not in MICS group. This may be caused by long recovery time of the right ventricle after surgery. Device closure of ASD is preferable to surgical closure if the anatomy is suitable. However, MICS for ASD closure is safe, with short recovery period and less scarring.
Experience of heart transplantation with an extended cold ischemic time of donor heart
Authors: Fomichev A. V. , Khvan D. S. , Agaeva H. A. , Zhulkov M. O. , Doronin D. V. , Chernyavsky A. M.
Published: September 2020

Aim. A retrospective analysis of the outcomes of heart transplantation (HT) with extended cold ischemic time of donor heart (more than 4 hours) versus heart transplantation with short cold ischemia time (less than 4 hours).

Material and methods. The retrospective analysis included 52 recipients who underwent HT in the period from July 20, 2012 to October 23, 2019 in Meshalkin National Medical Research Center. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=26) — orthotopic HT with extended cold ischemic time (more than 240 minutes), group 2 (n=26) — short cold ischemia time (less than 240 minutes). The effect of cold ischemia duration on hospital survival, the function of donor heart, and the postoperative course was assessed.

Results. A retrospective analysis revealed a higher rate of hospital survival in the group of recipients with extended cold ischemic time (more than 240 minutes) 88,5% compared to 80,7% in the second group. There was no difference between the groups in the acute rejection rate, the need for inotropic agents, mechanical circulatory support, and cardiac pacing, as well as the incidence of postoperative renal failure and infectious complications.

Conclusion. Due to the small number of patients, our experience in HT with extended cold ischemic time does not allow us to draw global conclusions, but a preliminary comparison of HT with extended and short cold ischemic time did not reveal significant advantages in one group or another. This provides a basis for further accumulation of experience and research.
Evidence-based approaches to comparing the effectiveness of modern cardiology interventions: trends, bias and prospects
Authors: Gilyarevsky S. R. , Belenkov Yu. N.
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the limitations of the evidence from observational studies. Modern approaches to reducing bias in observational studies are discussed in detail, in particular, propensity score matching, which has become popular in recent years. The main differences between randomized and observational studies are discussed. Arguments against the observational studies and improved methods of analysis to compare the treatments’ effectiveness in clinical practice are presented. The role of observational studies as a source of evidence is discussed. The article points out the validity of performing large-scale prospective observational studies to assess the effects of postmarketing drug use in clinical practice, as well as to obtain data on drug use in patients that differ from those in randomized clinical trials.
La Educación Sexual Integral y la Perspectiva de Género en la Formación de Profesorxs de Biología: un análisis desde las voces de lxs estudiantes
Authors: Grotz Euge , Plaza María Victoria , Cerro Catalina González del , Galli Leonardo Martín González , Marino Luis Di
Published: September 2020

Resumen: El presente artículo analiza la mirada de lxs estudiantes del profesorado de Ciencias Biológicas de la Universidad de Buenos Aires sobre los modos en que están presentes/ausentes la Educación Sexual Integral (ESI) y la perspectiva de género en la oferta académica. En particular, indaga en las miradas que tienen lxs jóvenes entrevistadxs en torno a sus experiencias como estudiantes a lo largo de la formación general (licenciatura y profesorado). Se nutre de un corpus de seis entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a estudiantes avanzadxs que fueron analizadas a partir del método comparativo constante. Encontramos que lxs entrevistadxs identifican acciones recientes para incorporar la ESI y la perspectiva de género, aunque únicamente en algunas materias del bloque pedagógico y por parte de algunxs docentes específicxs. Asimismo demandan mayor carga horaria tanto de aspectos vinculados a dicha perspectiva como también de contenidos sobre anatomía y fisiología humana.
O Agir Crítico em Nutrição na Atenção Primária à Saúde e suas Potencialidades à Luz da Concepção da Educação Popular
Authors: Cruz Pedro José Santos Carneiro
Published: September 2020

Resumo: Este trabalho busca evidenciar potencialidades do agir crítico em nutrição na Atenção Primária à Saúde diante de uma experiência de promoção da Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional em ações comunitárias e de práticas de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional orientadas pela concepção da Educação Popular. O estudo considerou percepções de participantes da referida experiência. Formularam-se sínteses sobre o agir crítico em nutrição: (1) requer engajamento e compromisso com a realidade social; (2) é construído de forma compartilhada e participativa; (3) sua construção ocorre em meio ao conflito e ao enfrentamento do capitalismo; e (4) reorienta o fazer tradicional e reposiciona o trabalho em nutrição na perspectiva da segurança alimentar e nutricional. Por meio da educação popular, o trabalho na atenção primária à saúde pode construir práticas de educação alimentar e nutricional orientadas pelo diálogo acerca das estratégias para posicionar alimentação e nutrição de maneira coerente com a compreensão da saúde como qualidade de vida e bem viver.
Resolução de problemas abertos como um processo de modelagem didático-científica no Ensino de Física
Authors: Oliveira Vagner , Araujo Ives Solano , Veit Eliane Angela
Published: September 2020

Resumo Pesquisas na área de ensino apontam que se envolver no processo de resolução de problemas abertos têm potencial para a construção de conhecimentos por parte do indivíduo, assim como para o desenvolvimento de um conjunto mais amplo de habilidades, recursos cognitivos, metacognitivos e procedimentais, quando comparados aos problemas que costumeiramente são implementados no contexto do Ensino Médio. Problemas abertos, mais próximos da realidade cotidiana, acadêmica e profissional, deveriam, portanto, ser mais valorizados nas práticas didáticas. No entanto, embora a literatura apresente sugestões e orientações para implementação de tais problemas, as poucas abordagens didáticas com problemas abertos têm indicado que as dificuldades dos estudantes no enfrentamento desses problemas persistem. Associado a isso, não localizamos uma abordagem teórica que considere coerentemente uma teoria de aprendizagem e uma visão epistemológica para a resolução de problemas abertos de física. Frente a esse cenário, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma articulação teórica entre os elementos centrais do processo de resolução de problemas abertos e a Modelagem Didático-Científica, como forma de auxiliar no desenvolvimento e implementação de estratégias didáticas que auxiliem no enfrentamento de problemas abertos.
ENSINO DE BOTÂNICA E CLASSIFICAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA EM UMA ESCOLA FAMÍLIA AGRÍCOLA: DIÁLOGO DE SABERES NO CAMPO
Authors: SILVA IÊDA TANAN DA , FREIXO ALESSANDRA ALEXANDRE
Published: September 2020

RESUMO: Neste trabalho, buscou-se estabelecer um diálogo de saberes em uma escola do campo, por meio de oficinas que explorassem a diversidade biológica das plantas. Para tanto, realizou-se um levantamento dos conhecimentos prévios de estudantes de uma Escola Família Agrícola sobre as plantas e seus modos de classificação, seguindo uma perspectiva etnobiológica, como meio de promover o diálogo entre o saber tradicional e o científico. O trabalho foi realizado com turmas do 6° e 8° anos do ensino fundamental e teve como suporte teórico-metodológico a pesquisa-ação. Os resultados demonstram que os estudantes têm amplo conhecimento das espécies vegetais que estão em seu cotidiano e utilizam critérios morfológicos e funcionais para categorizá-las. Percebeu-se ainda a significância de oficinas de ciências que abordam aspectos relacionados à classificação biológica, como um instrumento facilitador da aprendizagem de botânica e a valorização dos saberes da comunidade, proporcionando um diálogo entre conhecimento local e científico na escola.
APROXIMAÇÃO ENTRE A FILOSOFIA DE HUGH LACEY E O CAMPO EDUCACIONAL EM CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E SOCIEDADE
Authors: CARDOSO ANDIARA PEREIRA DOS SANTOS , CALUZI JOÃO JOSÉ , SANTOS ROSEMAR AYRES DOS
Published: September 2020

RESUMO: Este artigo objetiva estabelecer um diálogo entre o campo educacional em Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) e a filosofia de Hugh Lacey, que mostra o papel desempenhado pelos valores na pesquisa tecnocientífica atual, oportunizando um novo olhar para as interrelações CTS. Desse modo, inspirados na Análise Textual Discursiva, aproximamos as categorias de Lacey com o enfoque CTS, resultando nas seguintes aproximações: (1) a inteligibilidade dos valores possibilita i) discutir a complexidade das relações CTS e, desse modo, ii) superar crenças distorcidas; (2) o desenvolvimento autêntico proposto por Lacey se aproxima do Pensamento Latino Americano em CTS devido i) ao endosso à participação pública na escolha de estratégias e ii) à necessidade de se voltar para o contexto e as prioridades locais; (3) a epistemologia de Lacey pode contribuir para o autoconhecimento do professor, auxiliando-o a refletir e concretizar seus objetivos educacionais.
CENTRO DE TECNOLOGIA ACADÊMICA DA UFRGS COMO COMUNIDADE DE PRÁTICA E POSSIBILIDADE DE CRIAÇÃO DE ESPAÇOS NÃO FORMAIS DE APRENDIZAGEM: UM ESTUDO ETNOGRÁFICO
Authors: MEGA DANIEL FARIAS , ARAUJO IVES SOLANO , VEIT ELIANE ANGELA
Published: September 2020

RESUMO: A promoção de autênticas experiências de aprendizagem na formação discente é um desafio para a maior parte das instituições de ensino. A busca por iniciativas já em andamento que possam contribuir para alcançar este objetivo pode revelar possibilidades de ações futuras. No presente trabalho apresentamos os resultados de um estudo etnográfico no Centro de Tecnologia Acadêmica da UFRGS. Entendemos que seu modelo de gestão de conhecimento pode servir para o cultivo de ambientes não formais de aprendizagem. Como resultado, pudemos tipificar o CTA como uma Comunidade de Prática, identificando seus elementos estruturais. Tal caracterização pode inspirar a criação de centros similares em outras instituições de ensino, auxiliando, assim, profissionais interessados em ampliar as oportunidades formativas de seus estudantes.
Reflexões sobre a gestão do Sistema Único de Saúde para a coordenação no enfrentamento da COVID-19
Authors: Gleriano Josué Souza , Fabro Gisele Caroline Richi , Tomaz Wanderson Borges , Goulart Bethania Ferreira , Chaves Lucieli Dias Pedreschi
Published: September 2020

Resumo Objetivo Refletir acerca da gestão em saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), na perspectiva de desafios e possibilidades para superar lacunas de coordenação no enfrentamento da COVID-19. Método Trata-se de estudo reflexivo, fundamentado na formulação discursiva sobre a gestão em saúde no SUS organizado nas seguintes seções: introdução com a contextualização da temática, macrodesafios no âmbito do SUS na coordenação da atenção à saúde no enfrentamento da COVID-19, aspectos para subsidiar ações de coordenação da gestão e considerações finais. Resultados Constatam-se desafios na coordenação entre os entes federativos, de financiamento, de consolidação da vigilância em saúde, da regulação, da capacidade instalada e gestão de pessoas que remetem à importância de estabelecer estratégias para o fortalecimento do SUS, principalmente, na coordenação da gestão em saúde. Conclusões e implicações para a prática Destaca-se a relevância da autoridade da gestão regulatória no SUS para a coordenação e sua potencialidade de organização em prover melhores condições de atenção, porém, entende-se que é necessário revistar a territorialidade, o planejamento e o processo de trabalho, como elementos constituintes da vigilância em saúde.
Insatisfação com o trabalho em saúde: fatores associados e diferenciais de gênero
Authors: Sousa Camila Carvalho de , Araújo Tânia Maria de , Pinho Paloma de Sousa , Freitas Aline Macedo Carvalho
Published: September 2020

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar fatores associados à insatisfação com o trabalho em Saúde, segundo gênero. Métodos: estudo transversal, exploratório, conduzido entre 2011-2012, na Bahia, com 3.084 trabalhadores/as da saúde. A insatisfação com o trabalho foi avaliada segundo características sociodemográficas e laborais por meio de análises bivariadas e multivariadas, estratificadas por sexo. Resultados: a insatisfação com o trabalho entre homens foi de 27,4%, entre mulheres, 25,6%. Nas mulheres, mostraram-se associadas à insatisfação: idade até 40 anos (razão de prevalência - RP: 1,36; intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC 95%: 1,17-1,58), nível de escolaridade técnico (RP: 0,70; IC 95%: 0,58-0,86), e médio/fundamental (RP: 0,66; IC 95%: 0,57-0,77), vínculo de trabalho temporário (RP: 0,66; IC 95%: 0,56-0,77) e exercer atividades não compatíveis com o cargo (RP: 2,17; IC 95%: 1,81-2,60). Para os homens: idade até 40 anos (RP: 2,09; IC 95%: 1,56-2,81), exercer atividades não compatíveis com o cargo (RP:1,74; IC 95%: 1,30-2,34) e vínculo de trabalho temporário (RP:0,57; IC 95%: 0,44 - 0,74). Discussão: homens e mulheres vivenciam elevados níveis de insatisfação com o trabalho, com características sociodemográficas e laborais associadas. A escolaridade se mostrou inversa entre os estratos, revelando desigualdades de gênero. Conclusão: diferenças de gênero impactam os níveis de insatisfação com o trabalho e é relevante considerá-las para elevar os níveis de satisfação no trabalho.