bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite in Ground Fluorotic Enamel: Shear Bond Strength and Surface Analysis
Authors: Roque-Márquez José Gilberto , Zavala-Alonso Norma Verónica , Patiño-Marín Nuria , Martínez-Castañón Gabriel Alejandro
Published: July 2021

Evaluate the effect on the shear bond strength (SBS) of 5% NaOCl applied after acid etching on ground anterior teeth with fluorosis and analyze the surface with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), also compare fluorotic and healthy ground enamel by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Vickers microhardness (VM). For the SBS test 30 anterior teeth with moderate and severe fluorosis according Dean index were selected by an examiner previously calibrated with an expert in fluorosis by using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). With the help of a calibrated high speed diamond bur for veneer preparation and a parallel chamfer high speed diamond bur the vestibular face was prepared with a uniform reduction of .3 mm under water cooling. In one half of  the vestibular face of the teeth the conventional adhesive procedure was carried out while in the other half was added an additional step with 5% NaOCl applied for 1 minute and washing after acid etchant. A resin post was adhered in each half and load was applied until fracture. The failure mode was evaluated and a SEM analysis was made. Posteriorly 10 samples of fluorotic and healthy ground enamel were used to measure the nanostructural characteristics by AFM (roughness average and absolute depth profile) and the VM in three operative steps (after ground, after etchant and after deproteinization). The Shapiro-Wilks and Brown-Forsythe methods were used to test the distribution of variables. The Paired Student's t-test was used to compare the differences between mean bond strength (MPa) in the two groups for SBS test. Chi-square analyzes were performed to compare the failure modes between groups. One-way ANOVA analysis and Tukey-Kramer post hoc test were used to compare groups for roughness average, absolute depth profile and Vickers microhardness. A greater SBS (32.17±4.20 MPa) and a surface more homogeneous and less contaminated were observed in the deproteinization subgruoup compared to the conventional subgroup (27.74±4.88 MPa). AFM parameters were greater in fluorosis subgroup than in healthy enamel subgroup. VM was lower in the fluorotic enamel in each operative step in comparation with healthy enamel. The use of 5% NaOCl as a deproteinizing agent after acid etchant in ground fluorotic enamel results in better adhesion, which may imply greater success in adhesive treatments. The ground surface of fluorotic enamel shows higher values of roughness and depth and lower values of VM which proves that there is a more irregular and less hard surface.
Análisis del seguimiento y la retroalimentación durante la participación del alumnado en clases de medicina
Authors: Lemus Amescua Elsy Valeria , Ruiz Carrillo Edgardo , Cruz González José Luis , Gómez Aguirre Cristina
Published: July 2021

El seguimiento y la retroalimentación son parte importante dentro de la interacción discursiva del aula; son utilizados comúnmente por maestros y maestras para dar información al alumnado respecto a sus conocimientos, con la finalidad de que desarrolle nuevas habilidades durante su aprendizaje. A través de la estructura IRE/F, en esta investigación el objetivo fue identificar en clases de medicina, las interacciones entre las personas maestras, alumnas expositoras y alumnas, y cómo a través del seguimiento y la retroalimentación se promueve que el alumnado aproveche el espacio para tomar un papel activo y continúe participando, a la vez que reconstruye y reflexiona sobre su conocimiento. Las personas participantes fueron tres docentes de la carrera de médico cirujano de la FES Iztacala, UNAM, y su respectivo alumnado; se grabaron las clases, se transcribieron y codificaron con el software MAXQDA20, para luego trasladarlos al SDIS-GSEQ. Los resultados de este estudio señalaron que existen secuencias discursivas en donde el alumno y la alumna tienen un papel pasivo de aprendiz, y otras donde participa activamente. Estas últimas ocurren por éxito de la retroalimentación y el seguimiento, así como su uso en el discurso del aula ayuda al estudiantado al ampliar, enfatizar, confirmar o dar continuidad al discurso, del mismo modo que proporciona oportunidades y apoyo para la construcción del conocimiento.
Fortalecimiento de la competencia entorno vivo dentro de los componentes de las Ciencias Naturales en niños y niñas de primaria, a través de la enseñanza de la etnobotánica en el aula de clase
Authors: Cuellar rodriguez Luz Angela , Reyes Nini Johana , Carreño Juan Reynaldo
Published: July 2021

El presente estudio es resultado de una investigación de enfoque cualitativo con énfasis en el método de investigación acción educativa. Su fin es interpretar la forma en que los saberes etnobotánicos generan fortaleza en la competencia del entorno vivo, la enseñanza y formación en Ciencias Naturales en estudiantes 1 ° a 3° grado de primaria en la Institución Educativa Las Mercedes, sede Cazadero del municipio de Nunchía –Casanare y la Institución Educativa Técnico Agrícola Sede Las Minas del municipio de Boavita–, Boyacá, Colombia. La intervención se realiza teniendo en cuenta los conocimientos etnobotánicos de las dos poblaciones participantes y desde la cual se estructura un conjunto de talleres que responden a tres componentes fundamentales: la etnobotánica, la vinculación con aspectos propios del entorno vivo y de concepción biológica, así como a la conservación ecológica. Se evidencia el papel fundamental que ejerce la utilización del contexto en el proceso de enseñanza, así como la importancia que tiene la familia en el proceso educativo con los aportes de conocimiento ancestral y de acercamiento al saber científico.
Formación educativa en y desde las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) en educación secundaria: el reto de hoy
Authors: Estrada José Mercedes , Bennasar García Miguel Israel
Published: July 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) en los procesos educativos y formativos de la educación secundaria. Para ello se diseñó y aplicó una investigación de campo de carácter descriptivo. El instrumento de recolección de información fue la encuesta. El universo estuvo constituido por cinco (5) instituciones de educación media, y la muestra por veinticinco estudiantes seleccionados de forma intencional. Las conclusiones más resaltantes: desconocimiento de las TIC por la mayoría del estudiantado; existe un número significativo de estudiantes que no participa en intercambios educativos utilizando las TIC; hay poca cultura en el uso de las TIC como herramienta de intercambio educativo, y se percibe disposición para estudiar las TIC como posibilidad educativa. Como recomendaciones: Sugerir el uso de las estrategias pedagógicas basadas en TIC en las diferentes áreas del saber y en las instituciones de formación en todos los niveles y modalidades, planificar y ejecutar cursos de capacitación sobre las TIC como herramientas para el mejoramiento de las actividades escolares. Se sugiere, como ideas para el debate, que las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación incrementan el impacto que ejercen en diversos contextos, específicamente, en el educativo; profesorado y alumnado tienen a su disposición un amplio rango de posibilidades en cuanto a su uso.
Aplicación de conocimientos docentes en contenido curricular, pedagogía y tecnología a través de herramientas audiovisuales
Authors: Yánez Corrales Angela Cristina , Moreano Barragan Elsie Paulina
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Desarrollar herramientas audiovisuales para el aprendizaje en base al modelo teórico TPACK (Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge): Conocimiento curricular, conocimiento pedagógico y conocimiento de la tecnología. Método: Consiste en la aplicación del modelo de integración TPACK donde se aplica las premisas Wicked, Creative y Package en la que los docentes son diseñadores de herramientas educativas basados en la resolución creativa de problemas de aprendizaje. Para la evaluación se utilizaron técnicas cualitativas o cuantitativas. Resultados: Se realizaron videos educativos considerando fases de preproducción, producción y de postproducción. La evaluación detalla resultados con parámetros establecidos en: atención, curiosidad, utilidad en repaso, estímulo a aprender, ayudar al entendimiento y el deseo de reutilizarlos. Además, se realiza seguimiento del uso que han tenido estos videos en YouTube durante cuatro años y se exponen estadísticas de esta red social. Conclusiones:  Utilizar conocimientos docentes en contenido, pedagogía y tecnología, define una forma significativa y eficiente de enseñar con tecnología a través de videos educativos. Palabras clave: Tecnología de la educación, formación del profesorado, Elaboración de medios de enseñanza, Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), Teoría de la educación.
Procesos argumentativos que conforman las reflexiones del profesorado chileno sobre sus experiencias de colaboración en el marco del Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje
Authors: Moreno Díaz Karina Del Carmen , Soto González Rodolfo Israel , Oyarzún Maldonado Cristian José
Published: July 2021

El Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje [DUA] es un marco de referencia orientado a construir mayores y variadas oportunidades para que todo el alumnado pueda aprender y participar. Su implementación, prescrita por la promulgación del Decreto 83 en Chile, requiere dinámicas de colaboración entre el profesorado. Así, este estudio establece como objetivo comprender las reflexiones del cuerpo docente sobre sus experiencias de colaboración en el marco del DUA. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, se realizaron entrevistas a 12 profesores y profesoras de educación básica, organizadas en dos etapas para representar la complejidad de las reflexiones: episódica y argumentativa. El material fue analizado desde herramientas derivadas de la teoría fundamentada. Los resultados muestran que los profesores y las profesoras reconocen que su actividad colaborativa dirigida a diversificar la enseñanza está condicionada por factores institucionales. Además, las experiencias colaborativas satisfactorias entre agentes educativos se caracterizan por la interdependencia, reconocimiento mutuo y la confianza. Las consecuencias favorables en la motivación y el desarrollo del alumnado se facilitan, de acuerdo con las reflexiones del cuerpo docente, cuando se trabaja la diversificación conjuntamente con el aprendizaje cooperativo. Estos resultados son discutidos a un nivel institucional, de relación profesional y de aula, concluyendo que cada elemento abordado reflexivamente por los profesores y las profesoras es relevante y forman una estructura articulada. Las principales implicancias son: comprender la implementación del DUA como un proceso reflexivo conjunto; crear condiciones culturales, relacionales, formativas, de tiempo y de política educativa, y concretar el DUA en el aula con estructuras de aprendizaje cooperativo.
Percepción docente sobre el ciberplagio universitario a través de un grupo de discusión por videoconferencia
Authors: Gallent Torres Cinta , Tello Fons Isabel
Published: July 2021

Este estudio analiza el ciberplagio académico desde la perspectiva del profesorado del Grado en Traducción e Interpretación de la Universidad Internacional de Valencia. Dado que se trata de una práctica fraudulenta cada vez más extendida en las aulas universitarias, se hace necesario que el cuerpo docente reflexione sobre ella para evitar que se convierta en un recurso estructural por parte del alumnado en este nivel educativo. El estudio apuesta por una metodología cualitativa y, en concreto, el grupo de discusión, el cual se lleva a cabo por videoconferencia gracias a la participación de su claustro (n=16). Como instrumento se diseña un guion de seis preguntas a partir de las cuales se pretende conocer (i) qué medidas adopta el profesorado para atajar estas conductas en el marco de la enseñanza virtual; (ii) qué responsabilidad le corresponde asumir cuando detecta un caso de plagio, y (iii) quién debe cuantificar la gravedad de dicho acto. Asimismo, se analiza la implicación de la institución en la lucha contra el ciberplagio y el tipo de apoyo que su profesorado requiere para hacer frente a estas prácticas. También se establece un protocolo de actuación de referencia, con la intención de sistematizar procedimientos y unificar criterios entre el personal docente de este grado. Para proceder a la recogida de datos, se decide grabar la sesión en la plataforma Blackboard Collaborate Ultra, de manera que la transcripción del material recopilado (tanto a nivel oral como escrito a través del chat de la sala) permita sintetizar la información en categorías codificables para su posterior análisis e interpretación. Entre las principales conclusiones cabe destacar que el profesorado percibe como injusto que la responsabilidad en la gestión de esta problemática recaiga sobre las personas docentes, por lo que requieren mayor apoyo institucional. Apuestan por contrarrestar este fenómeno mediante acciones que alerten al estudiantado de su gravedad e insisten en la necesidad de dirigir los esfuerzos de la comunidad académica hacia la sensibilización y concienciación de esta problemática.
Retos en la formación de docentes del modelo bilingüe intercultural: estudio del caso de la región purépecha (México)
Authors: García-Segura Sonia
Published: July 2021

Este artículo describe las características socioeducativas que se presentan en la región purépecha de Michoacán (México), así como los diferentes retos a los que tiene que hacer el personal docente en una comunidad caracterizada por su diversidad lingüística y cultural. La metodología seguida ha constado de la realización de entrevistas a nueve maestros y maestras de este sistema de educación bilingüe intercultural. Los resultados muestran cómo la formación docente es uno de los elementos clave para entender y atender con éxito a una población caracterizada por su diversidad cultural y lingüística. En este sentido, las políticas educativas han de abordar no solo la formación docente, sino la dotación de recursos que favorezcan el desarrollo de un modelo educativo intercultural de calidad en todos los niveles educativos.
El abordaje pedagógico de la memoria del desplazamiento forzado con niños y niñas: una apuesta para el reconocimiento de la otredad en el aula
Authors: Abello Avila Angie Katherine , González Melo Hamlet Santiago , Oviedo Poveda Ibon
Published: July 2021

Este artículo científico presenta el trabajo pedagógico e investigativo realizado en los años 2018 y 2019 en una institución pública con niños y niñas de cuarto primaria en la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia. Su objetivo principal fue recuperar la otredad en los niños y niñas a partir de la memoria del desplazamiento forzado. Desarrollada bajo la estrategia metodológica de la sistematización de experiencias e instalada en el método cualitativo, se busca reconstruir el proceso vivido en el campo investigativo, donde la memoria permite ser mediadora entre unas formas iniciales de comprender lo otro y los cambios de dicha comprensión que se dieron en las niñas y niños participantes. A partir de la observación participante, los círculos de reflexión y del diario de campo, se diseñó una matriz de ordenamiento y reconstrucción, en la cual se registró cronológicamente el proceso con los niños y niñas; las actividades realizadas, logros e inquietudes como maestra investigadora. Esta sirvió como filtro para, posteriormente, registrar los relatos de las niñas y niños en la herramienta bitácora de análisis, en donde emergieron las categorías de análisis y reflexión. Así, se enuncian como principales resultados las transformaciones a nivel del reconocimiento de las víctimas-sobrevivientes por parte del estudiantado, al transitar de la minimización y exclusión, a un reconocimiento de la otredad como un ser humano semejante a sí mismo y sí misma. Igualmente, el reconocimiento entre pares alcanza transformaciones importantes, en tanto los niños y niñas reconocen en su par a una persona digna de ser valorada y respetada; lo que transforma significativamente estas relaciones basadas en el individualismo y la violencia simbólica. Lo anterior reivindica el rol social y político de los maestros y las maestras de la infancia, pues es posible y necesario llevar a cabo propuestas pedagógicas a partir del abordaje de la memoria, en un contexto afectado por la violencia en donde las niñas y los niños están en capacidad de aportar a los escenarios de construcción de paz.
La inclusión a partir de la autogestión en el aula: una experiencia del ciclo formativo de grado superior de la familia de actividades físicas y deportivas a partir de una gymkhana de animación entre el alumnado de educación primaria y personas con necesi
Authors: Brasó Jordi , Escriu Sergi
Published: July 2021

La (co)relación y cooperación entre alumnado en las aulas ordinarias, junto con quienes requieren necesidades educativas especiales y se encuentran en centros especializados, es desde hace poco una cuestión social que todas las ciudades, países y gobiernos deberían abordar. A continuación, se presenta una experiencia relacionada con la inclusión educativa, concepto que actualmente está en el orden del día para poder hacer un mundo más justo e igualitario. El objetivo de la propuesta fue organizar un evento de animación socio-lúdico-deportivo, a modo de gymkhana de animación, con una metodología de investigación-acción y experimental. Las personas organizadoras fueron los propios alumnos y alumnas de ciclos formativos del grado superior en animación de actividades físico-deportivas de un Instituto público de Sabadell, quienes, mediante una metodología relacionada con la investigación-acción, ejecutaron la tarea propuesta. La intervención iba dirigida al alumnado, tanto de colegios ordinarios de educación primaria, como a algunos con estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales. Los resultados, que se obtuvieron con las sucesivas valoraciones y evaluaciones continuas del profesorado experto en la temática y por el propio grupo, muestran que el acto fue significativo y positivo en la idea de promover la inclusión. Asimismo, se comprueba, en las conclusiones, la posibilidad e idoneidad de adaptar la jornada a otros ámbitos y con otras personas usuarias.
Evaluación de las funciones que desempeña el profesorado en educación superior tecnológica
Authors: Gamino Carranza Arturo , Castro Ramírez Sandra Lucía , García Domínguez Mónica
Published: July 2021

Motivación: La evaluación del desempeño docente está asociada a la opinión del estudiantado y escasamente las instituciones integran cuestionarios que evalúen la perspectiva de la autoridad. Objetivo: Evaluar las funciones que desempeña el profesorado del Tecnológico Nacional de México (TecNM). Metodología: Se realizó una investigación no experimental de corte cuantitativo y diseño transversal, donde las dimensiones de las funciones que desempeña el profesorado y sus indicadores asociados fueron definidos por un grupo de personas docentes del TecNM; el instrumento resultante fue de 15 ítems en 4 dimensiones que incluyeron las funciones que desempeña el profesorado en docencia, tutoría, investigación y vinculación, esto desde la perspectiva de las jefaturas de departamento académico sobre una escala Likert de 5 puntos. Resultados: La prueba del instrumento con       5,781 personas exhibió muy buenos índices de grado, de acuerdo con las personas jueces —Lawshe, V de Aiken y Osterlind— y con la confiabilidad alfa de Cronbach y omega de McDonald para las cuatro dimensiones. Esto implicó un riguroso proceso de revisión por un jurado experto y una alta consistencia interna del instrumento. Los resultados del análisis factorial exploratorio indicaron que no hubo factores irrelevantes del constructo, los ítems incluidos, considerados como fuertes, coincidieron con la dimensión asignada teóricamente. Los resultados del análisis factorial confirmatorio verificaron el ajuste global del modelo propuesto; todos los ítems tuvieron contribuciones significativas en sus dimensiones. Conclusiones: La utilización del instrumento tiene potencial para la medición del nivel de efectividad de las funciones que desempeña el profesorado de educación superior tecnológica.
Atuação do enfermeiro no contexto da acreditação hospitalar: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Cunha Simone Graziele , Pereira Torres Karine , Gomes de Morais Mariely Helena , Dos Santos e Alves Stefany , Guerra Siman Andréia , Menezes Brito Maria José
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: compreender a atuação do enfermeiro no contexto da Acreditação Hospitalar. Metodo: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada de janeiro a junho de 2019, nas bases Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Bases de Dados Específica da Enfermagem, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online. Foram selecionados artigos originais, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, que apresentassem relatos ou experiências da atuação do enfermeiro em contextos de Acreditação Hospitalar da Organização Nacional de Acreditação. Os artigos foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Resultado. Como resultado encontraram-se 10 artigos que respondiam ao objetivo do estudo e emergiram três categorias temáticas referentes ao papel do enfermeiro: Assistencial, Administrativo e Educativo. Na assistência, o enfermeiro exerce atividades de avaliação de resultados e ações, emprego e elaboração de indicadores, aplicação de protocolos, controle de medicamentos, produtos e equipamentos, articulação entre a equipe multiprofissional e incorporação de medidas de segurança. No administrativo, realização de planejamento, estabelecimento de metas, participação em comissões, desenvolvimento de políticas de qualidade e reorganização do trabalho. Como educador, o enfermeiro desenvolve ações de fortalecimento da cultura de segurança e qualidade. Concluiu-se que o enfermeiro possuía competências e habilidades que auxiliavam no processo de Acreditação Hospitalar, importantes para o credenciamento da instituição hospitalar.
Intervenções educativas na prevenção ou tratamento da obesidade em adolescentes: revisão integrativa
Authors: Moreira Ximenes Maria Aline , Sousa Albuquerque Brandão Maria Girlane , Da Silva Gomes Josiane , Leandro Cavalcante Francisco Marcelo , Áfio Caetano Joselany , Moreira Barros Lívia
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: identificar a eficácia de intervenções educativas para prevenir ou tratar a obesidade em adolescentes. Método: Foi uma revisão integrativa da literatura, a partir da questão norteadora: "Qual a efetividade das intervenções de prevenção / tratamento da obesidade em adolescentes?" A busca foi realizada em seis bases de dados eletrônicas nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, em julho de 2020, o que permitiu a identificação de 5.401 artigos. Resultados:foram identificados 31 artigos que abrangem intervenções educativas baseadas no suporte nutricional e psicológico, atividade física e estilo de vida saudável. Predominaram atividades físicas, intervenções interdisciplinares comportamentais, nutricionais e de estilo de vida. As ações tiveram um efeito benéfico na qualidade de vida dos participantes, índice de massa corporal, hábitos de exercícios diários e comportamento alimentar positivo entre adolescentes. As intervenções para controle e prevenção da obesidade analisadas nesta revisão tiveram efeitos positivos na redução do peso corporal. Conclusão: Os achados apontaram para a necessidade de mais estudos para maior controle dos benefícios e adesão às intervenções voltadas para a prevenção e tratamento da obesidade
Perspectivas de mulheres encarceradas sobre fatores de risco à infecção sexualmente transmissível
Authors: Araújo de Carvalho Iêda , Roma Greve Nodari Poliana , Aucê do Nascimento Jaminuam , Yuri Hattori Thalise , Pereira Terças-Trettel Ana Cláudia , Ferreira do Nascimento Vagner
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: conhecer a perspectiva de mulheres encarceradas sobre os fatores de risco para infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Método: trata-se de um estudo exploratório e qualitativo, realizado em uma emissora pública feminina do centro-norte de Mato Grosso, Brasil, em novembro de 2019. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista com 53 mulheres. Para a análise dos dados, foi utilizado o software IRAMUTEQ versão 0.7, que apresenta gráficos de similaridade. Resultado: os resultados mostram que existem fatores que extrapolam o âmbito dos recursos individuais para o autocuidado, que dificultam ações preventivas, como as condições arquitetônicas e as normas disciplinares na prisão. Essas peculiaridades ambientais impõem outros fatores que aumentam o risco de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, como dificuldade para limpar roupas e uso compartilhado do banheiro. Conclusão: Portanto, estratégias que unem as necessidades dessas mulheres aos riscos inerentes e somadas à realidade prisional se apresentam como uma forma favorável para que a prisão deixe de ser apenas um espaço de recrudescimento e para que a guarda seja cumprida. a geração de novas pessoas, com o resgate da dignidade. e consciência / condições para autocuidado contra infecções e outros problemas de saúde.
Evaluation of MexAB-OprM efflux pump and determination of antimicrobial susceptibility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa human and veterinary isolates
Authors: Mohseni N. , Rad M. , Mokhtari A. R. , Yahyaraeyat R. , Zahraie Salehi T.
Published: July 2021

Pseudomonas aeruginosa could cause serious infections in hospitals and is highlighted as a source of financial problems in farms. The revelation of drug resistant, particularly multi-drug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa is important around the world. The efflux pump activity is identified as one of the most important intrinsic resistant mechanisms in P. aeruginosa. A total of 96 P. aeruginosa isolates from inpatient and animal sources were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and subjected to multiplex PCR (mPCR) assay to detect MexAB-OprM efflux pump system. The human isolates have shown the highest resistance against cefazolin, ampicillin, nalidixic acid, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, cephalothin, oxacillin (100%). All farm animal isolates were resistant to cefazolin, kanamycin, amoxicillin clavulanic acid, and cephalothin (100%). In both isolate groups, the presence of MexA was more common than that of MexB. MexAB-OprM was demonstrated as a valuable mechanism in P. aeruginosa antimicrobial resistant strains.
Effects of chicken anaemia virus on experimental leukosis, induced by avian myelocytomatosis virus Mc29
Authors: Simeonov K. B , Kril A. I. , Dimitrov P. S. , Shikova E. E. , Russev R. V.
Published: July 2021

The effects of concomitant infection with chicken anaemia virus (CAV) on the incidence, clinical manifestation and mortality from leukosis, induced by the avian myelocytomatosis virus strain Mc29 were studied. Experimental one-day-old 15 I line White Leghorn chickens were inoculated simultaneously with Mc29 and CAV or with Mc29 alone and observed daily for clinical signs and mortality. Both groups of chickens inoculated with Mc29 virus strain alone or in combination with CAV deve­loped tumours and died within 57 days. Necropsy has been performed on all dead birds following the standard protocol. Organ samples from thymuses, spleens, bone marrow, and livers were collected and histopathologically investigated. Neoplasms detected included myelocytomas, nephroblastomas and hepatocellular carcinomas. In addition, 50% of the CAV/Mc29-inoculated chickens developed epithelial type thymomas. However, no such lesions were found in chickens infected with Mc29 alone. No significant differences in the clinical course of leukosis between the two experimental groups of chickens were observed. The results indicated that CAV infection did not affect substantially the incidence and mortality from avian leukosis, induced by myelocytomatosis virus strain Mc29, but contributed to greater variety of the induced tumours.
First report of Linognathus africanus (Phthiraptera: Anoplura) on goats in Bulgaria
Authors: Nizamov N. S. , Prelezov P. N.
Published: July 2021

The current study was conducted in 28 farms from 11 administrative districts in Bulgaria and included 4132 goats from six breeds, naturally infested with ectoparasitic insects. The visit to the farms was paid after the owners alarmed for signs of strong discomfort and itching among the animals. From the 28 studied herds, 14 (50%) turned out to be infested with the African sucking louse of goats: Linognathus africanus (Kellog & Paine, 1911) belonging to the family Linognathidae, suborder Anoplura, order Phthiraptera. All documented cases were of mixed infestation with other ectoparasitic species. The ectoparasites were collected and preserved in 70o ethanol for laboratory identification, morphological observation and for preparing photographic material. The full morphological description of the species showed that the total body length (TBL) of the male individuals varied between 0.912-1.556 mm, and that of the females: from 1.159 to 1.784 mm. A morphological identificationof the phylogenetically close species Linognathus africanus (Kellog & Paine, 1911) and Linognathus stenopsis (Burmeister, 1838) was conducted in laboratory conditions. The population structure of the species was presented through the sex identification of Linognathus africanus which demonstrated a numerical ratio of F:M = 2.2:1.
Morphofunctional Characteristics of Chondrocyte Proliferation in Experimental Osteoarthritis in Rats
Authors: Lyzo Tatyana , Korchagina Anastasia , Krylov Pavel
Published: July 2021

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common degenerative joint diseases. The study of the causes of its occurrence and development is relevant to this day. The lack of data on the causes of its occurrence and development complicates the treatment process. It is known that with the development of this disease, the proliferation of chondrocytes in the articular cartilage progresses at different stages, but the mechanism of this process is poorly understood. An increase in proliferation leads to a sharp increase in the process of autophagy, which in turn affects a decrease in the lubricating function of both cartilage and synovial fluid, which leads to an irreversible stage of joint degeneration. The problem of reducing the viscoelastic properties of cartilage can be solved by introducing natural chondroprotectors, one of which is surfactant proteins. To study the proliferative properties, a research work was carried out, during which osteoarthritis was experimentally simulated in Wistar rats by introducing a solution of medical talc. This led to a decrease in the lubricating function of the synovial fluid and an increase in the number of chondrocytes. However, when using a lubricant based on a substance containing surfactant proteins, the lubricating function of the synovial fluid improved, which contributed to the restoration of cartilage in osteoarthritis.
Effect of Glucose on Morphofunctional Properties Chondrocytes in Vitro
Authors: Baranov Sergey , Derevshchikova Lyudmila , Samitova Alina , Krylov Pavel
Published: July 2021

Articular cartilage is a highly specialized dense connective tissue, and can be considered as a composite gel with a relatively low content (5%) of cells, chondrocytes, embedded in the extracellular matrix. Chondrocytes are the only cell type in articular cartilage and are responsible for the biosynthesis and catabolism of the extracellular matrix. Osteoarthritis, the most common cartilage disease, has many independent risk factors, among which is diabetes mellitus, which allows us to hypothesize that different glucose concentrations have a huge effect on the morfunctional properties of chondrocytes in general and on the formation of osteoarthritis in particular. Despite numerous studies, the question of the effect of glucose on cartilage
function is still open. In this regard, the study of morphofunctional changes in chondrocytes under the influence of various glucose concentrations is an urgent problem. The following results were obtained: an increase in the concentration of glucose in cell culture has a positive effect on cell viability and proteoglycan synthesis, but at an external glucose concentration of 25 мМ, cells die, while the synthesis of proteoglycans remains at a high level. The higher the concentration of glucose in the nutrient medium, the larger the cell size, which is probably due to hypertrophy of chondrocytes. In the future, the results obtained will be useful for understanding the process of hypertrophy and identifying ways to control it, as well as for a detailed study of other biochemical processes.
Environmental Impact Assessment of the Spatial Organization of the Nizhnekhopersky Natural Park of the Volgograd Region
Authors: Kholodenko Anna , Gorbova Polina
Published: July 2021

The article considers the problem of territorial protection of nature as a factor impeding the socioeconomic development of settlements located within the borders of the Nizhnekhopersky natural park. The key problem of the functioning of regional specially protected natural territories is the contradiction between the need to protect undisturbed natural-territorial complexes and the development of settlement territories that find themselves in the zone of limited economic activity. The development of settlement territories involves the removal of existing restrictions on the civil circulation of land plots, the construction and reconstruction of capital construction facilities. Solving the problem of economic stagnation by adjusting borders and excluding settlements from the natural park entails the need to conduct an environmental impact assessment of future economic activities in areas seized from specially protected natural areas. The forecast assessment of the consequences of possible anthropogenic impacts on the landscapes and ecosystems of the Nizhnekhopersky natural park after changing its area, functional organization and environmental management regimes in the allocated areas was carried out using a modified network method. The results of the research showed that the strengthening of the anthropogenic press as a result of the implementation of measures for the deployment of processing production, the construction of roads and engineering communications (electrification, gasification), housing construction, as well as due to the increase in recreational load, including the spread of uncontrolled recreation, the environmental efficiency of the natural park will naturally decrease.
Progressive Schemes and Methods of Obtaining Rectified Alcohol Applied in Russia and Abroad
Authors: Oganesyan Helen , Kolesnichenko Iulia , Sroslova Galina
Published: July 2021

The main quantity of the produced ethyl alcohol is consumed by the food industry as a basis for the manufacture of alcoholic beverages, pharmaceuticals and other alcohol-containing products. In addition to food production, ethyl alcohol is widely used in medicine, perfumery, and other industries. The actual problem of alcohol production is finding ways to reduce the cost of raw materials and energy resources but still getting the world quality standard of alcohol. The best solution to the problem is to improve the technological schemes of rectification plants. For this, information was updated on modern schemes and methods for obtaining rectified alcohol. During the research, and information search was carried out in Russian and English language literary sources. A comparative analysis of books, manuals and articles on this topic was carried out, as well as the GOSTs requirements for rectification columns over the past few years were studied. The main components of rectification units were considered: contact devices (types of plate and packed devices) and rectification columns (applied pressure: atmospheric, vacuum, under a certain pressure; and their total number).Progressive schemes used in modern alcohol production in Russia and abroad (Ukraine, USA, France, Finland) were considered. Based on the received data, the following conclusions were formulated: the most effective types of contact devices are sieve and valve trays, among the packing there are Raschig rings, a promising type of columns is disc-type, the most popular scheme for the operation of a rectification plant is a combination of work under pressure and vacuum.
Fire resistance of restrained circular concrete-filled double-skin steel tubular columns
Authors: Zheng Yong-Qian , Liang Wang-Geng , Zhang Xue-Li
Published: July 2021

In the past decade, more and more attention has been paid to the fire performance of concrete-filled double-skin steel tubular (CFDST) columns. The columns in actual structures are not isolated members and are affected by the adjacent structural members. However, little research has been conducted on the behaviour of restrained CFDST columns under fire. In this paper finite element models were developed to analyse the fire performance of axially and rotationally restrained circular CFDST columns. The predicted temperature–time curves, internal axial force–time curves and fire resistance agreed well with the related test results. Based on the verified models, a parametric study was performed to investigate the effect on the internal axial force–time curves and fire resistance. The parameters included axial load level, axial restraint ratio, diameter of the outer tube, slenderness ratio, diameter-to-thickness ratios of the outer and inner steel tubes, dimension ratio of the inner tube to the outer tube, load eccentricity, yield strengths of the outer and inner tubes, compressive strength of the concrete, fire protection thickness and rotational restraint ratio. Through regression analysis, a design formula was proposed to calculate the fire resistance of restrained circular CFDST columns.
Gonnermann, Annika. Absent Rebels. Criticism and Network Power in 21st Century Dytopian Fiction. Narr Francke Attempto, 2021.
Authors: Spiegel Simon
Published: July 2021

Review of Absent Rebels. Criticism and Network Power in 21st Century Dystopian Fiction by Annika Gonnermann.
Seasonality and frequency of snake and goanna incursions on an Australian agricultural institute and the attitudes of staff regarding coexistence
Authors: Mo Matthew
Published: July 2021

A number of snakes and goannas persist in areas frequented by humans, such as the Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute in New South Wales, Australia. This institute is used as both an office location and an agricultural demonstration site, which inevitably results in snakes and goannas coming close to institute buildings, prompting concerns for human safety. Reports of snakes and goannas within 100m of institute buildings were collected over a three-year period; an analysis of those data identified a seasonal pattern of incursions by three species between September and March. A short verbal survey revealed that more staff had encountered goannas than snakes. Most were cautious to curious when snakes and goannas were reported, whereas only a minority admitted to being fearful when snakes were reported.
Distributional patterns of amphibians and reptiles in Ghandruk, Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal
Authors: Gautam Bivek , Chalise Mukesh Kumar , Thapa Kul Bahadur , Bhattarai Santosh
Published: July 2021

In May and October 2017, we assessed the distribution and diversity of herpetofauna in the Ghandruk region of the Annapurna Conservation Area. Using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) protocol on 11 randomly selected transects, we recorded 662 individuals of 25 herpetofaunal species (12 amphibians and 13 reptiles). Species richness and abundance declined with increases in elevation but only the correlation between elevation and abundance was significant. Neither amphibians nor reptiles were uniformly distributed among different habitats, and species richness of both amphibians and reptiles varied significantly among habitat types. The greatest amphibian species richness was in wetlands, whereas that of reptiles was highest in forests.
Structure and operation algorithm of the data collection module of the Super c-τ factory electromagnetic calorimeter
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Glushak Anastasia ,   Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

The study is devoted to the development of a data collection module of the electromagnetic calorimeter of the Super c-τ factory collider. The data collection module is one of the main parts of the data acquisition system of the electromagnetic calorimeter. It is designed for analog and digital signal processing of scintillation counters, calculating its main characteristics (amplitude, time of occurrence and quality of fitting), and participates in the launch of the detector data acquisition system. A prototype of the module on which the module will be debugged and the algorithm of the device will be checked is being developed. The algorithm of the module includes the calculation of signal characteristics and the formation of packets for data transmission. Signal characteristics are calculated by approximating a function defined either by the least squares method or by the method of χ2 function minimization. In the course of a mathematical experiment, it was found that the method of χ2 function minimization gave more accurate calculation values than the least squares method. However, it requires an experiment with scintillation counters to determine the necessary coefficients. Therefore, the coefficients of the approximating curve are determined by the least squares method in the proto-type and the method of χ2 function minimization is used in the module. Based on the results obtained, an algorithm of the module operation was compiled, which was then implemented in the field-programmable gate array Altera Cyclone 10GX.
Research and application of the crow search algorithm for geometric covering optimization problems
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Tyrin Grigory , Frolovsky Vladimir ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

The problem of geometric covering is a special case of the optimal design problem and belongs to the class of cutting and packing problems. The challenge is to position some geometric objects on the surface to be coated so that the entire surface is covered. The complexity of the problems under consideration is due to their belonging to the class of NP-hard problems, which excludes the possibility of solving them by exact methods and requires the development of approximate optimization methods and algorithms. This article discusses the problem of geometric covering of an area with circles from a given set of radii. To solve the problem of geometric covering, a hexagonal grid coverage method with optimization by a metaheuristic algorithm is used. The crow search algorithm is such an algorithm, which is a relatively new metaheuristic algorithm based on the intelligent behavior of crows in a flock. The crow search algorithm includes two control parameters: the awareness probability and the flight length. To study the solution method and check the efficiency, a problem was modeled on the basis of a real design of automatic irrigation systems, and the results of experiments with different values of control parameters were presented.
Development of the monitoring system for user's actions in the informational system
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Russian Federation, Karpova Nadezhda , Emelina Alina ,   Samara State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

Currently, there are a large number of mechanisms for protecting computer systems, one of the directions is the creation of systems that respond to possible threats to the information security of the enterprise. Since according to statistics, a large number of information-related crimes are committed by employees of enterprises, monitoring of user actions in the information environment is a particularly important and relevant issue. The main advantages of such monitoring systems are the ability to represent arbitrary parameter values in the form of analytics of specified values, the ability to take into account a large number of development scenarios, the ability to use this system when making decisions, when describing schemes for analyzing information flows, and also to track a large number of computer parameters. In order to respond to information security incidents in a timely manner, it is important to develop a system that also takes into account the interrelationship of user actions. The authors of this paper hypothesized that the user's actions in a computer system are interrelated with each other, that is, if a user performs suspicious actions in a separate monitored parameter, then with a greater degree of confidence, we can say that this user will perform suspicious actions in another monitored parameter. Correlation analysis is necessary for possible reduction of the number of iterations during the program operation, which in the future allows to speed up the analysis of user actions in the information environment. In order to study the statistical relationship of the parameters, the authors found a mathematical measure of correlation - the correlation coefficient (Pearson correlation coefficient) for the studied parameters. Based on the analysis, fuzzy rules were formulated, on the basis of which a system for monitoring user actions in the information environment is built. In this development, a term such as reference user behavior is introduced. Any deviation from this "standard" is considered as a suspicious action and requires a timely response to a possible incident.
Building a predictive model for diagnostics and treatment of infertility
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Belov Victor , Vostrikov Viacheslav ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russian Federation, Ardaeva Anastasia ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

In this work, the tasks of creating a method for clinical prediction of diagnosis and treatment of infertility are formulated and solved. The existing forecasting models for overcoming infertility are considered. Their advantages and disadvantages are determined. The latter are both in the complexity of accounting and forecasting the individual possibilities for conception of the estimated married couples, and in the conservatism of the medical and applied computing technologies used, which reduces the quality and efficiency of forecasts. The structure of infertility is shown after a comprehensive examination of patients over a long period. Five groups of patients were identified, taking into account the characteristics, duration and other causes of infertility. The concepts of the coefficient of reproductive activity (CRA), the indicator of reproductive health (RPH) and the indicator of reproductive readiness (PRH) are introduced, a variant of the calculation of these values is proposed, and the ranges of their possible values are indicated. The PRG was proposed as a key characteristic for clinical prediction in overcoming infertility. Its values can be projected into four groups of outcomes in the diagnosis and treatment of infertility, three of which involve direct referral to a specialized medical institution. The article presents a generalized algorithm for the use of PRG in the predictive activity of doctor Practical recommendations for the use of the PRG by the patient are given. In addition, a computational experiment was carried out to calculate the values of PRG for several patients with further analysis of the results obtained.