bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tracing Tourists by Their Digital Footprints
Authors: Önder Irem , Koerbitz Wolfgang , Hubmann-Haidvogel Alexander
Published: December 2014

Traditional tourism data collection includes surveys, interviews and focus groups. However, these methods are both expensive and time consuming. Moreover, there is a lag between the time of data collection and the receipt of that data for analysis. Today, almost all individuals leave digital footprints on the Internet, which can also be used for tourism research. One type of digital footprint is the photos uploaded on websites such as Flickr. The aim of this study is to determine whether the digital footprints in Flickr provide a useful indicator for tourism demand. Photos tagged with “Austria” between 2007 and 2011 were collected using Flickr API. Residents were distinguished from tourists using the data, and spatial analyses were conducted of the tourist-generated data. The results indicate that geotagged photos in Austria are more representative of actual tourist numbers at the city level than at the regional level.
Spoiler Alert
Authors: Johnson Benjamin K. , Rosenbaum Judith E.
Published: December 2014

As suggested by the common phrase “spoiler alert!” many people avoid spoilers for narrative entertainment. However, recent research has found that exposure to spoilers may actually enhance enjoyment. The present study sought to replicate and extend those findings with a multidimensional approach to enjoyment and by examining choice of spoiled versus unspoiled narratives. Comprehension theories suggest that spoilers should improve media appreciation, whereas excitation-transfer theory suggests that spoilers harm arousal and suspense. Additionally, media users’ conventionally held beliefs imply that respondents should choose unspoiled stories. A within-subjects experiment ( N = 412) tested these hypotheses. As expected, unspoiled stories were more fun and suspenseful. Surprisingly, unspoiled stories were also more moving and enjoyable in general. No effect of media choice emerged.
Assessment of predicted versus measured thermal comfort and optimal comfort ranges in the outdoor environment in the temperate climate of Glasgow, UK
Authors: Oertel Annika , Emmanuel Rohinton , Drach Patricia
Published: December 2014

In a warming world, the risk of overheating is significant in temperate climate areas such as Glasgow, UK where adaptation to overheating is low. An easy-to-use thermal comfort evaluation is therefore a necessary first step towards developing effective coping mechanisms. In this study, we explore the effectiveness of Predicted Mean Vote, Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied and Physiologically Equivalent Temperature, together with air temperature in mimicking actual thermal sensation votes of street users obtained in 2011 in Glasgow City Centre. The Predicted Mean Vote/Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied indices developed for controlled indoors show a surprising similarity to actual thermal sensation votes derived from outdoor surveys, than the Physiologically Equivalent Temperature developed specifically for the outdoors. The method of calculation of mean radiant temperature is the key to improved performance of Physiologically Equivalent Temperature, with fish-eye lens photographs improving its performance. The results also show air temperature alone has nearly equal predictive power of the actual thermal sensation. A preliminary comfort range for Glasgow is also derived and its limitations are explored.

Practical application: The strong relation between thermal sensation votes and air temperature (Ta) enables future thermal comfort studies to predict the thermal comfort using easy-to-access Ta only. A current thermal comfort study in Glasgow aiming at developing a link between urban morphology and Ta is already using this strong relation to predict outdoor thermal comfort in the city centre. This helps to establish a correlation between these three factors.
Reciprocal associations between friendship attachment and relational experiences in adolescence
Authors: Chow Chong Man , Ruhl Holly , Buhrmester Duane
Published: December 2014

The current study examined the reciprocal associations between friendship attachment and relational experiences. Data came from a longitudinal study that assessed adolescents ( N = 223, 108 girls) in the 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th grades. Cross-lagged models were fitted with structural equation modeling. Results showed that attachment avoidance was consistently predictive of more friendship exclusion, and friendship exclusion was consistently predictive of more attachment anxiety. Attachment avoidance was consistently related to less friendship intimacy across adolescence. Friendship intimacy was also consistently related to lower attachment avoidance across adolescence. Attachment anxiety was consistently related to more friendship intimacy across adolescence. This study shed light on the bidirectional influences between attachment security and relational experiences in adolescent friendships.
Structural Validation of the Holistic Wellness Assessment
Authors: Brown Charlene , Applegate E. Brooks , Yildiz Mustafa
Published: December 2014

The Holistic Wellness Assessment (HWA) is a relatively new assessment instrument based on an emergent transdisciplinary model of wellness. This study validated the factor structure identified via exploratory factor analysis (EFA), assessed test–retest reliability, and investigated concurrent validity of the HWA in three separate samples. The hypothesized eight-factor structure was validated via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), individually for each factor and overall in a multifactor analysis. Test–retest reliability estimates over a 1- to 3-week interval were appropriate for this assessment type. Concurrent validity estimates indicated that the HWA measures were similar, but not redundant, to wellness constructs found in other wellness instruments, specifically the TestWell® and Wellness Evaluation of Lifestyle, Version S (WEL-S). As young adults are exposed to a broader base of wellness in educational and related contexts, the use of the wellness assessments such as the HWA can identify areas of personal need for balance and healthy choice making.
The occurrence of ochratoxin A in rice in six provinces of Iran
Authors: Rahimi E
Published: December 2014

Three hundred and eight samples of rice purchased from retail markets in six different provinces in Iran from March 2012 to January 2013 were surveyed for the presence of ochratoxin A (OTA) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The recovery percentages of OTA from spiked rice samples at concentrations of 5 and 10 ng/g were found to be 85.3% and 86.7%, respectively. Analytical results showed a 9.4% frequency of contamination from total analyzed rice samples with a mean OTA level of 3.60 ± 2.66 ng/g. Concentrations of OTA in positive samples ranged from 0.84 ng/g to 11.37 ng/g, and in 17.3% of contaminated rice samples the concentrations exceeded the maximum tolerance limit set by European regulations for OTA in cereals (5 ng/g). Based on the results of this study, the estimated daily intake of OTA in rice was 0.62 ng/kg body weight/day for Iranian consumers.
Gastric Residual Volume in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Elke Gunnar , Felbinger Thomas W. , Heyland Daren K.
Published: December 2014

Early enteral nutrition (EN) is consistently recommended as first‐line nutrition therapy in critically ill patients since it favorably alters outcome, providing both nutrition and nonnutrition benefits. However, critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation are at risk for regurgitation, pulmonary aspiration, and eventually ventilator‐associated pneumonia (VAP). EN may increase these risks when gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction is present. Gastric residual volume (GRV) is considered a surrogate parameter of GI dysfunction during the progression of enteral feeding in the early phase of critical illness and beyond. By monitoring GRV, clinicians may detect patients with delayed gastric emptying earlier and intervene with strategies that minimize or prevent VAP as one of the major risks of EN. The value of periodic GRV measurements with regard to risk reduction of VAP incidence has frequently been questioned in the past years. Increasing the GRV threshold before interrupting gastric feeding results in marginal increases in EN delivery. More recently, a large randomized clinical trial revealed that abandoning GRV monitoring did not negatively affect clinical outcomes (including VAP) in mechanically ventilated patients. The results have revived the discussion on the role of GRV monitoring in critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients receiving early EN. This review summarizes the most recent clinical evidence on the use of GRV monitoring in critically ill patients. Based on the clinical evidence, it discusses the pros and cons and further addresses whether GRV is a dead marker or still alive for the nutrition management of critically ill patients.
Mullite-reinforced caprolactam-toughened DGEBA epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Kanimozhi K. , Prabunathan P. , Selvaraj V. , Alagar M.
Published: December 2014

This work describes the development of different weight percentages of glycidyl functionalized mullite-reinforced caprolactam-toughened epoxy (MCEP) nanocomposites. The functionalization of mullite and MCEP are confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis. Further, the morphological, surface behaviour and thermal properties are studied using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, goniometer, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. Surface studies show that the values of contact angle increased with increase in weight percentage of mullite and thus 1.5 wt% MCEP nanocomposites show values of higher contact angle (89.6°) and lower water absorption (0.107%) behaviour than those of the composites reinforced with lower wt% of mullite. Moreover, 1.5 wt% MCEP nanocomposites possess better impact behaviour (266.4 J m−2) than that of neat epoxy matrix. Thus the hybrid composite materials developed in this work are expected to find applications in different industrial and engineering sectors with improved performance and longevity.
Rapid progression to gummatous syphilitic hepatitis and neurosyphilis in a patient with newly-diagnosed HIV
Authors: Pilozzi-Edmonds Laura , Kong Ling Yuan , Szabo Jason , Birnbaum Leora M
Published: December 2014

We review the literature on hepatic involvement in patients with HIV and syphilis co-infection and describe a case of rapid progression to neurosyphilis and presumed gummatous syphilitic hepatitis in a patient newly diagnosed with HIV. To our knowledge, this is the first case of syphilitic hepatitis with gummas described in the HIV population.
Diagnosis of the Lelystad strain of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in individually housed pigs: comparison between serum and oral fluid samples for viral nucleic acid and antibody detection
Authors: Decorte Inge , Van Campe Willem , Mostin Laurent , Cay Ann Brigitte , De Regge Nick
Published: December 2014

There has been a developing interest in the use of oral fluid for the diagnosis of different pathogens such as Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). PRRSV and PRRSV-specific antibodies have been shown to be present in oral fluid samples, but the correlation between diagnostic results in oral fluid and serum samples has been insufficiently addressed. Studies investigating this correlation focused on boars older than 6 months and type 2 strains, but it is known that the outcome of a PRRSV infection is age and strain dependent. To address this gap, the current study reports on the detection of PRRSV and PRRSV-specific antibodies in serum and oral fluid samples collected over a 6-week period after an experimental infection of 8-week-old individually housed pigs with Lelystad virus, the type 1 prototype strain. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that significantly more serum samples were PRRSV RNA–positive than oral fluid until 5 days postinfection (dpi). Between 7 and 21 dpi, PRRSV RNA detection was similar in both samples but higher detection rates in oral fluid were found from 28 dpi. Compared with existing literature, this highlights that detection rates at particular time points postinfection might vary in function of strain virulence and animal age and provides useful information for the interpretation of pen-based oral fluid results. An excellent agreement between the oral fluid and serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results was observed at every time point, further supporting the usefulness of oral fluid as a diagnostic sample for antibody detection.
Thromboembolic Events in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Koksal Deniz , Safak Ozge , Ozcan Aysenaz , Agackiran Yetkin , Erturk Hakan , Findik Gokturk
Published: December 2014

Aim:

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) increases the risk of thromboembolic events (TEEs). In this retrospective study, we aimed to determine the rate of TEEs in MPM and investigate its relationship with the presence of thrombocytosis, the disease stage, and the tumor histopathology.

Methods:

The study included 178 patients who were histopathologically diagnosed as MPM between the years January 2008 and June 2014.

Results:

The mean age was 58.7 ± 11.8 years, and the median follow-up time was 8 months. Seventy-one patients (39.9%) had thrombocytosis (>350 × 103/mL). In total, 14 (7.9%) TEEs were identified: 6 (3.4%) pulmonary thromboembolism, 6 (3.4%) deep venous thrombosis, and 2 (1.1%) myocardial infarctions. Although 5 (2.8%) of the TEEs preceded the diagnosis of MPM, 1 (0.6%) occurred simultaneously with the diagnosis of MPM and 8 (4.5%) followed the diagnosis of MPM. Thromboembolic event rates were not statistically different based on the presence of thrombocytosis ( P = .51), disease stage ( P = .14), and histopathology ( P = .38).

Conclusion:

The rate of TEEs was 7.9%. Presence of thrombocytosis, disease stage, and histopathology did not affect the incidence of TEEs.
Impacts of the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Program on Neighborhood Housing Turnover
Authors: Woo Ayoung , Joh Kenneth , Van Zandt Shannon
Published: December 2014

Although the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) program has grown into the largest subsidized housing program in the United States, we have limited understanding of how these units affect the neighborhoods in which they are located. This article examines impacts of the LIHTC program on neighborhood stability in the cities of Charlotte and Cleveland. We examine housing turnover before and after the introduction of LIHTC developments into the neighborhood, based on housing sales data from 1996 to 2007. Location data on LIHTC units are merged with parcel-level sales data from Mecklenburg and Cuyahoga Counties. We estimate an extended Cox hazard model with the difference-in-difference specification to determine whether LIHTC units are causing increased turnover of neighborhood housing. We also explore impacts on neighborhood stability from LIHTC developments citywide and in neighborhoods stratified by income. We find significant impacts on the stability of LIHTC developments in both cities. Particularly, in higher-income submarkets, strong spillover effects were observed in Charlotte. Our results suggest that the stability of neighborhoods may be an important factor when considering the siting of LIHTC developments.
Direct and indirect educational relationships: Developing a typology for the contribution of different categories of school staff in relation to students’ educational experiences
Authors: Frelin Anneli , Grannäs Jan
Published: December 2014

This article presents results from a research project exploring the relational interplay between school staff and students, its functions and complexity in the secondary school context. School relationships (between students and different kinds of staff) are more or less indirectly related to educational content: subject matter as well as norms and values. In the teacher–student relationship, the teaching and learning of subject matter largely defines the relationship, whereas for school support staff, the relationship to such content is fairly distant. However, they all have in common that these assigned functions are created for the purpose of enabling the education of our youth. In this article, a case study from a secondary school is used to develop a typology for understanding the relevance that content may have in these different types of relationships. We also explore the sometimes unpredictable ways in which content can emerge as relevant. A year-long case study was conducted during the 2012–2013 school year at a secondary school that had recently been renovated and in which work had been done to improve the educational environment. Multiple data sources were used, including document analysis, mapping, contextual observations and interviews. Official statistics, newspaper articles and school quality reports were used to contextualize the case. In this article, interviews with different categories of school staff and students formed the main source of data. The different assigned functions of the staff were categorized as: educators, education professionals (e.g. counsellors) and education support professionals (e.g. caretakers). Although the latter were often indirectly connected to content, they could also have relevance through the relationships that they developed with students. Here, there is a point in separating the staff’s assigned function as officially described and their relation to students as played out in practice. Two examples illustrate how members of staff diverge somewhat from their assigned functions in informal places and spaces to facilitate the educational experience of the students. It is argued that in a school for all students, this flexibility in school relationships can improve students’ relations to content and school success.
Lessons from interdisciplinary qualitative research: learning to work against a single story
Authors: Anders Allison Daniel , Lester Jessica Nina
Published: December 2014

In this article, we consider the everyday practices and methodological and theoretical tensions of interdisciplinary, qualitative work. In particular, we discuss the varied interpretations of focus group data from Burundian men and women with refugee status and explore the consequences of representations that result in deficit-based understandings. We highlight how through our research process we learned that following participants, rather than leading with our disciplines, deepened our understanding and complicated our representations.
Class and Nation in the Agrarian Questions of the South: Notes in Response to Moyo, Jha and Yeros
Authors: Hendricks Fred
Published: December 2014

The article commences with a statement about the global inequalities in publishing about agrarian and rural issues in the South and the manner in which Northern and Western scholarship has assumed a virtual monopoly in this respect. Consequently, the voice of the South has been muted. It praises the corrective challenge to this inequality spearheaded by Moyo, Jha and Yeros, and then goes on to provide an outline of their broadside. The article places the debate within a historical context but then raises a number of critical questions about the new agrarian question which they propose as both a political intervention for the people of the South as well as a scholarly engagement on contemporary challenges. In particular, the article calls for a class analysis of their assiduously argued project of national sovereignty in the face of global capital.
Cancer progression by breast tumors with Pit-1-overexpression is blocked by inhibition of metalloproteinase (MMP)-13
Authors: Sendon-Lago Juan , Seoane Samuel , Eiro Noemi , Bermudez Maria A , Macia Manuel , Garcia-Caballero Tomas , Vizoso Francisco J , Perez-Fernandez Roman
Published: December 2014

Introduction

The POU class 1 homeobox 1 transcription factor (POU1F1, also known as Pit-1) is expressed in the mammary gland and its overexpression induces profound phenotypic changes in proteins involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion. Patients with breast cancer and elevated expression of Pit-1 show a positive correlation with the occurrence of distant metastasis. In this study we evaluate the relationship between Pit-1 and two collagenases: matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), which have been related to metastasis in breast cancer.

Methods

We began by transfecting the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines with the Pit-1 overexpression vector (pRSV-hPit-1). Afterward, the mRNA, protein, and transcriptional regulation of both MMP-1 and MMP-13 were evaluated by real-time PCR, Western blot, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and luciferase reporter assays. We also evaluated Pit-1 overexpression with MMP-1 and MMP-13 knockdown in a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse tumor xenograft model. Finally, by immunohistochemistry we correlated Pit-1 with MMP-1 and MMP-13 protein expression in 110 human breast tumors samples.

Results

Our data show that Pit-1 increases mRNA and protein of both MMP-1 and MMP-13 through direct transcriptional regulation. In SCID mice, knockdown of MMP-13 completely blocked lung metastasis in Pit-1-overexpressing MCF-7 cells injected into the mammary fat pad. In breast cancer patients, expression of Pit-1 was found to be positively correlated with the presence of both MMP-1 and MMP-13.

Conclusions

Our data indicates that Pit-1 regulates MMP-1 and MMP-13, and that inhibition of MMP-13 blocked invasiveness to lung in Pit-1-overexpressed breast cancer cells.
Erratum to: Independent associations of total and high molecular weight adiponectin with cardiometabolic risk and surrogate markers of enhanced early atherogenesis in black and white patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dessein Patrick H , Woodiwiss Angela J , Norton Gavin R , Tsang Linda , Solomon Ahmed
Published: December 2014

No abstract
FBPA PET in boron neutron capture therapy for cancer: prediction of 10B concentration in the tumor and normal tissue in a rat xenograft model
Authors: Hanaoka Kohei , Watabe Tadashi , Naka Sadahiro , Kanai Yasukazu , Ikeda Hayato , Horitsugi Genki , Kato Hiroki , Isohashi Kayako , Shimosegawa Eku , Hatazawa Jun
Published: December 2014

Background

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a molecular radiation treatment based on the 10B (n, α) 7Li nuclear reaction in cancer cells, in which delivery of 10B by 4-borono-phenylalanine conjugated with fructose (BPA-fr) to the cancer cells is of critical importance. The PET tracer 4-borono-2-18 F-fluoro-phenylalanine (FBPA) has been used to predict the accumulation of BPA-fr before BNCT. However, because of the difference in chemical structure between BPA-fr and FBPA and the difference in the dose administered between BPA-fr (therapeutic dose) and FBPA (tracer dose), the predictive value of FBPA PET for BPA-fr accumulation in the tumor and normal tissues is not yet clearly proven. We conducted this study to validate FBPA PET as a useful test to predict the accumulation of BPA-fr in the tumor and normal tissues before BNCT.

Methods

RGC-6 rat glioma cells (1.9 × 107) were implanted subcutaneously in seven male F344 rats. On day 20 after the tumor implantation, dynamic PET scan was performed on four rats after injection of FBPA for 1 h. Whole-body PET/CT was performed 1 h after intravenous injection of the FBPA solution (30.5 ± 0.7 MBq, 1.69 ± 1.21 mg/kg). PET accumulation of FBPA in the tumor tissue and various normal tissues was estimated as a percentage of the injected dose per gram (%ID/g). One hour after the PET/CT scan, BPA-fructose (167.32 ± 18.65 mg/kg) was injected intravenously, and the rats were dissected 1 h after the BPA-fr injection. The absolute concentration of 10B in the autopsied tissues and blood was measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).

Results

The highest absolute concentration of 10B determined by ICP-OES was found in the kidney (4.34 ± 0.84 %ID/g), followed by the pancreas (2.73 ± 0.63 %ID/g), and the tumor (1.44 ± 0.44 %ID/g). A significant positive correlation was found between the accumulation levels of BPA-fr and FBPA (r = 0.91, p < 0.05).

Conclusions

FBPA PET can reliably predict accumulation of BPA-fr in the tumor as well as normal tissues.
Solvability for second-order nonlocal boundary value problems with "Equation missing"
Authors: Jeong Jeongmi , Kim Chan-Gyun , Lee Eun Kyoung
Published: December 2014

The existence of at least one solution to the second-order nonlocal boundary value problems on the real line is investigated by using an extension of Mawhin’s continuation theorem.

MSC: 34B10, 34B40, 34B15.
Hypoxia Inhibits Cavin-1 and Cavin-2 Expression and Down-Regulates Caveolae in Adipocytes
Authors: Regazzetti Claire , Dumas Karine , Lacas-Gervais Sandra , Pastor Faustine , Peraldi Pascal , Bonnafous Stéphanie , Dugail Isabelle , Le Lay Soazig , Valet Philippe , Le Marchand-Brustel Yannick , Tran Albert , Gual Philippe , Tanti Jean-François , Cormont Mireille , Giorgetti-Peraldi Sophie
Published: December 2014

During obesity, a hypoxic state develops within the adipose tissue, resulting in insulin resistance. To understand the underlying mechanism, we analyzed the involvement of caveolae because they play a crucial role in the activation of insulin receptors. In the present study, we demonstrate that in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, hypoxia induces the disappearance of caveolae and inhibits the expression of Cavin-1 and Cavin-2, two proteins necessary for the formation of caveolae. In mice, hypoxia induced by the ligature of the spermatic artery results in the decrease of cavin-1 and cavin-2 expression in the epididymal adipose tissue. Down-regulation of the expression of cavins in response to hypoxia is dependent on hypoxia-inducible factor-1. Indeed, the inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 restores the expression of cavins and caveolae formation. Expression of cavins regulates insulin signaling because the silencing of cavin-1 and cavin-2 impairs insulin signaling pathway. In human, cavin-1 and cavin-2 are decreased in the sc adipose tissue of obese diabetic patients compared with lean subjects. Moreover, the expression of cavin-2 correlates negatively with the homeostatic model assessment index of insulin resistance and glycated hemoglobin level. In conclusion, we propose a new mechanism in which hypoxia inhibits cavin-1 and cavin-2 expression, resulting in the disappearance of caveolae. This leads to the inhibition of insulin signaling and the establishment of insulin resistance.
The Yerkes-Dodson law and appropriate stimuli for conditioned taste aversion in Lymnaea
Authors: Ito Etsuro , Yamagishi Miki , Takigami Satoshi , Sakakibara Manabu , Fujito Yutaka , Lukowiak Ken
Published: December 2014

The pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis can learn conditioned taste aversion and then consolidate it into long-term memory (LTM). A high voltage electric shock was used as the unconditioned stimulus (US), whereas we previously used KCl. We varied both the strength of the conditioned stimulus (CS) and US to determine if the so-called Yerkes-Dodson law prevailed. This is an empirical relationship between the state of arousal and LTM formation, showing that there is an optimal level of arousal leading to memory formation. However, too little or too much arousal results in poorer LTM. We found here that the most appropriate stimuli to use in taste aversion training in Lymnaea were a 10 mmol l-1 sucrose solution as the CS and a 3-s electric shock as the US.
WBSCR22/Merm1 is required for late nuclear pre-ribosomal RNA processing and mediates N7-methylation of G1639 in human 18S rRNA
Authors: Haag Sara , Kretschmer Jens , Bohnsack Markus T.
Published: December 2014

Ribosomal (r)RNAs are extensively modified during ribosome synthesis and their modification is required for the fidelity and efficiency of translation. Besides numerous small nucleolar RNA-guided 2′-O methylations and pseudouridinylations, a number of individual RNA methyltransferases are involved in rRNA modification. WBSCR22/Merm1, which is affected in Williams–Beuren syndrome and has been implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis formation, was recently shown to be involved in ribosome synthesis, but its molecular functions have remained elusive. Here we show that depletion of WBSCR22 leads to nuclear accumulation of 3′-extended 18SE pre-rRNA intermediates resulting in impaired 18S rRNA maturation. We map the 3′ ends of the 18SE pre-rRNA intermediates accumulating after depletion of WBSCR22 and in control cells using 3′-RACE and deep sequencing. Furthermore, we demonstrate that WBSCR22 is required for N7-methylation of G1639 in human 18S rRNA in vivo. Interestingly, the catalytic activity of WBSCR22 is not required for 18S pre-rRNA processing, suggesting that the key role of WBSCR22 in 40S subunit biogenesis is independent of its function as an RNA methyltransferase.
O uso do Índice de Barthel Modificado em idosos: contrapondo capacidade funcional, dependência e fragilidade
Authors: Girondi Juliana Balbinot Reis , Hammerschimidt Karina Silveira de Almeida , Tristão Francisco Reis , Fernandez Darla Lusia Ropelato
Published: December 2014

Introdução: Estudo transversal descritivo realizado entre junho e dezembro de 2010. Objetivo: avaliar a capacidade funcional de um grupo de idosos para conhecer e refletir sobre essa relação com a fragilidade e dependência. Métodos: Envolveu 18 idosos com deficiência física cadastrados em duas unidades de Saúde da Família de Florianópolis. Utilizou-se entrevista, aplicação do Mini Exame do Estado Mental e Índice de Barthel Modificado. Resultados: Aplicando-se estatística descritiva, identificou-se que a média de idade foi de 76 anos, predomínio do sexo feminino (67%), alfabetizados (72%) e casados (44%). Em relação à capacidade funcional 55,6% apresentaram dependência leve. Em relação às dimensões de Barthel, a categoria com maior dependência foi “Subir Escadas” (67%) e a de menor foi “Controle esfincetriano intestino” (78%). Conclusões: Constatou-se que essa escala de avaliação funcional foi um importante instrumento que permitiu uma rápida análise das fragilidades e emergentes necessidades de saúde de um grupo de idosos com deficiência física.
Situações de violência vivenciadas por mulheres antes do diagnóstico de câncer de mama
Authors: Carvalho Camila Csizmar , Côrtes Gradim Clícia Valim
Published: December 2014

Introdução: As situações emocionais vivenciadas por mulheres como estresse, ansiedade, mágoas, podem contribuir com o aparecimento de neoplasias, como o câncer de mama. Objetivou-se neste estudo conhecer os fatores de estresse vivenciados pelas mulheres antes do diagnóstico de câncer de mama. Métodos: estudo qualitativo realizado com dez mulheres de um grupo de apoio a mulheres com câncer de mama no período de março a julho de 2010. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista gravada, utilizando a questão norteadora: “Qual a situação de estresse você vivenciou antes do diagnóstico do câncer que marcou a sua vida?”. Utilizou-se como método a análise de conteúdo temática proposta por Bardin e após a transcrição emergiram as categorias: O estresse cotidiano e o câncer; Violência: uma parceira da vida; Recebendo o diagnóstico de câncer. Resultados: As mulheres relataram história de vida com sofrimento, angústia, perdas, violência, entretanto não relacionam suas vivências com o surgimento do câncer. Conclusões: A enfermagem deve estar alerta aos fatores estressantes vivenciados, para prestar assistência de forma humanizada.Palavras-Chave: Neoplasias da mama; fatores de risco; estresse; enfermagem.
RELAÇÃO ENTRE IDADE E CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL DE IDOSAS RESIDENTES EM INSTITUIÇÕES DE LONGA PERMANÊNCIA NA CIDADE DE FORTALEZA/CE
Authors: Braga Darling Kescia Araújo Peixoto , Domiciano Bruno Ricarth , Dos Santos Mayara Paz Albino , De Vasconcelos Thiago Brasileiro , Macena Raimunda Hermelinda Maia
Published: December 2014

Introdução: O envelhecimento gera desgastes fisiológicos próprios. O sistema de valores socioculturais ocidentais e a atual configuração dos arranjos familiares associados aumenta a institucionalização de idosos, que pela fragilidade podem ter déficits na execução das atividades básicas de vida diária (ABVD's) e cognição. Objetivo: Avaliar o desempenho nas ABVD, considerando a faixa etária de mulheres idosas residentes em duas Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI´s) na cidade de Fortaleza/CE. Métodos: Estudo seccional, realizado no período de Outubro a Dezembro de 2013 através de um censo com 24 idosas residentes em duas ILPI's. A coleta de dados foi realizada em duas etapas: formulário com caracterização da amostra e o questionário de ABVD de Barthel. Resultados: A amostra possui idade média de 80,04 anos (± 7,91; mín, = 65,0 e máx. = 90,0), eram solteira (66,6%), com baixa escolaridade (33,3% analfabetas e 33,3% com primário completo), procedentes do interior do Estado (58,3%) e residiam na instituição há menos de cinco anos (58,3%). O Índice de Barthel revelou que a maioria (75%) eram independentes para a realização das ABVDs, sem influenciada da faixa etária. Conclusão: As idosas residentes nas ILPI apresentam independência funcional nas ABVD e sem influência da idade.
Field research of a wedge-shaped core on the models of the strip foundations with variable geometric shape
Authors: Архипов Дмитрий , Arkhipov Dmitriy , Евтушенко Сергей , Evtushenko Sergey , Скибин Геннадий , Skibin Gennadiy
Published: December 2014

Many authors noted in the field research on the models

of rigid foundations that a compacted wedge-shaped core of soil is

formed with the destruction of the bases, which is a natural extension

of the foundation.

In the research of the strip foundation model with variable geometric

shape of the foundation base, a compaction soil area of spherical

shape with a diameter close to the width of the foundation model is

found on a sand base.

A wedge-shaped core, along the edges of which there has been a

shift in mass of the base when achieving the ultimate loading, has

been noted in a compaction soil area.

The solid part of the foundation base is the compacted wedge-shaped

core base, the height of the wedge-shaped core being commensurate

with the length of the elements forming the foundation.

Identified geometric parameters of compacted core under the foundation

base of strip foundation with geometrically variable shape

can be used in determining the ultimate bearing capacity of soil of

the base for such foundations.
Deciding for Others Reduces Loss Aversion
Authors: Andersson Ola , Holm Håkan J. , Tyran Jean-Robert , Wengström Erik
Published: December 2014

We study risk taking on behalf of others, both when choices involve losses and when they do not. A large-scale incentivized experiment with subjects randomly drawn from the Danish population is conducted. We find that deciding for others reduces loss aversion. When choosing between risky prospects for which losses are ruled out by design, subjects make the same choices for themselves as for others. In contrast, when losses are possible, we find that the two types of choices differ. In particular, we find that subjects who make choices for themselves take less risk than those who decide for others when losses loom. This finding is consistent with an interpretation of loss aversion as a bias in decision making driven by emotions and that these emotions are reduced when making decisions for others.

This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
Developing a Modular Service Architecture for E-store Supply Chains: The Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprise Perspective
Authors: Bask Anu , Merisalo-Rantanen Hilkka , Tuunanen Tuure
Published: December 2014

Servitization and productization lead to offerings and solutions that combine tangible products, standardized base services, and customized services. These tailored service offerings or solutions call for new modular service architectures and service process design approaches to complement traditional service and product design methods. In this paper we suggest a modular service architecture framework to develop tailored service solutions. We use the framework as a lens to analyze three Finnish small- and medium-sized enterprises in the retail industry offering an e-store to their customers. We identify and define the order-delivery process of the case e-stores' supply chain; the modularity and modularization principles of the order-delivery process; and constructs such as service process modularization, modular reuse, and modular variation as well as their interrelationships. For practitioners, we provide a real-life example of how modular service design can be adopted when developing new and modified service encounter processes in the context of the less studied, small e-stores' order-delivery process.
The modern day dental nurse – the pathway to nurse-led clinics
Authors: Hughes Rachel
Published: December 2014

Rachel Hughes has successfully implemented a nurse-led clinic at her practice based solely on using the extended Scope of Practice. Here she discusses what exactly extended Scope of Practice is and how other nurses can use it to develop as individuals and to the benefit of their patients and practices
The final fit – results of research into educational needs of dental nurses
Authors: Stuart Russell
Published: December 2014

The final theme of our series of articles on dental nurse education and training in the UK focuses on the results of the online survey that was run on the NEBDN website. This is the first part of a two-part article and examines dental nurses' qualifications and employment
Hepatology nursing: an emerging force in the NHS
Authors: Harrison Penny
Published: December 2014

Penny Harrison, Senior Lecturer in Adult Nursing at De Montfort University, Leicester, discusses the increasingly important role of the hepatology nurse
First of A Million Miracles: Ending avoidable blindness in rural Malawi
Authors: Nyangulu Madalitso , Msukwa Gerald , March Winesi , Jenner Julie
Published: December 2014

In the UK, more than half of adults over the age of 65 years have some degree of cataract formation in their eyes. Cataract surgery is the most commonly performed surgery in the NHS but the majority of the 20 million people who are blind from cataracts live in the poorest parts of the world, and getting treatment is not as simple. For many people living in developing countries, surgery is beyond their means. Often, people do not have access to a health centre or hospital, they may not know their condition is treatable, or they simply cannot afford the operation. This is where Sightsavers, a UK-based international charity, comes in. The organisation set up a campaign that aims to fund one million sight-restoring surgeries—or A Million Miracles—for blinding conditions such as cataract. In this article, three people who are involved in the appeal to tell their stories.
Aboard the Flying Eye Hospital from London to Pampanga
Authors: Szamocki Sonia
Published: December 2014

In a world where health care specialists are increasingly aware of the need for globalised health care, and with specialists from the UK participating in charitable work in some of the most challenging environments abroad, understanding how to provide effective care in the developing world is key. In July 2014, Sonia Szamocki, a junior doctor with an interest in ophthalmology, was given the opportunity to join the Orbis Flying Eye Hospital (FEH) to the Phillippines. The FEH is a mobile teaching hospital that plays host to a fully equipped operating theatre, complete with preoperative and recovery rooms and a clinic room with slit lamps, surgical stimulators and laser equipment. In this article, Sonia reviews her experience and provides a snapshot of the challenges in the developing world in preventing avoidable sight loss.
How many days to go?
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: December 2014

December is the most exciting month of the year for young children. Use these creative child and adult led activities to introduce ideas of more and fewer, and carry out some rich observations, says Jenni Clarke.
Smoke and mirrors
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: December 2014

Share some magical moments with your children using Karen Hart's activities which focus on optical illusions that are easy to make together, such as a magic spinner or twirler.
What I like about me
Authors: White Hilary
Published: December 2014

Treating children with respect and validating their efforts is the most important contribution we can make to help them value themselves. Hilary White suggests ways to achieve this.
Adventure in the dark
Authors: White Hilary
Published: December 2014

For children darkness is thrilling, exciting and often frightening too. This topic utilises their inherent enthusiasm while at the same time developing their personal, social and emotional skills.
It's behind you!
Authors: Cruikshank Sarah
Published: December 2014

For many families in the UK, going to a pantomime is a traditional part of the festive season. Sarah Cruikshank suggests some activities around pantomimes to help develop communication and language skills.
Culpable Driving and Issues of Causation
Authors: Cooper Simon
Published: December 2014

This article, focusing on road traffic homicides, considers the extent to which notions of culpability and blameworthiness influence the concept of causation. The article reviews the legal rules for determining causation in criminal cases and recognises how a jury's perception of fairness can be determinative. It concludes by questioning the wisdom of leaving emotive moral value judgements to a randomly selected jury.
Regularising the Regulator: The Government's Consultation about Placing the Forensic Science Regulator on a Statutory Footing
Authors: Wilson Tim J. , Stockdale Michael W. , Gallop Angela M. C. , Lawler Bill
Published: December 2014

This article comments on a recent Home Office consultation about making forensic regulation statutory and the government's response to the Law Commission's recommendations for reforming the admissibility of expert evidence in criminal trials. By suggesting a duty of ‘omissive disclosure’ we offer a possible solution to concerns expressed to parliamentary inquiries about the ‘fragmentation’ of forensic science evidence and how reform, including regulation, might bear on (and support) individual scientific and medico-legal experts, as well as organisations and methods. We welcome the regulation initiative, but suggest that government policy also needs to address interrelated and systemic problems that beset the production of scientific and medico-legal evidence. We argue that these problems stem from fragmented policy making between and within government departments, possibly a similar fragmentation in jurisdictional rule-making and, reflecting their economic influence, the degree of responsibility vested inadvertently in the police and the CPS. We also suggest that regulation is not an alternative to implementing the Law Commission's recommendations, which together with forensic regulation should not be confined to criminal courts.
Agustí Vehí, la història per entendre-ho tot
Authors: Figuerola Garreta Jordi
Published: December 2014

L’article fa un recorregut per l’obra literària d’Agustí Vehí amb la descripció dels trets característiques de les seves novel·les i particularitzant l’interès de l’autor per la història com a base de la seva creació literària. La història, que coneixia profundament com a doctor en història i professor, esdevé un recurs per tal de poder situar els personatges en moments històrics dramàtics, essencialment aquells que tenien a veure amb els temps de la Segona República, la Guerra Civil i el primer franquisme. Una base novel·lística que es nodreix, alhora, del seu coneixement sobre el cossos policials com a policial professional que era. Historiador, policia, novel·lista, humanista, Vehí retrata en les seves novel·les tot un món ètic en el comportament dels agents policials que, en última instància, representa la seva personalitat i la reivindicació d’una manera d’entendre la seguretat i la llibertat.
Pedrolo, llegat en negre i groc
Authors: Moreno-Bedmar Anna M.
Published: December 2014

L’escriptor Manuel de Pedrolo té una importància cabdal en la literatura de gènere, però sobretot la seva obra ha influït en la novel·la policíaca i la ciència-ficció. En la novel·la negra, l’autor establí les bases per consolidar i dignificar aquest gènere a Catalunya —al capdavant d’una col·lecció pionera a l’alçada d’altres d’europees, «La Cua de Palla»—, en facilita la normalització (es crea un llenguatge que heretaran els escriptors posteriors) i aposta per una novel·la negra pròpia. Tota la seva novel·la negra té un clar component social, realista i versemblant, que retrata l’ambient més gris i empobrit de la postguerra. L’erotisme sovint hi és present, així com les situacions extremes i el dinamisme, emmarcades a la ciutat. Els personatges delinqueixen a causa de la misèria i els esperen sovint finals tràgics amb lliçó moral. Altres obres narratives contenen elements policíacs, o d’altres gèneres, tret que aporta cohesió i globalitat a l'obra de l'autor segarrenc.
Recepció crítica de Crim de Germania, de Josep Lozano
Authors: Buïgues Pastor Diana
Published: December 2014

El present estudi ofereix una anàlisi de la recepció crítica de l’obra Crim de Germania, de l’escriptor valencià Josep Lozano, publicada per primera vegada a l’abril de 1980 per l’editorial Tres i Quatre, que permet fixar els elements a l’entorn dels quals s’ha anat elaborant la lectura de la novel·la i la seua evolució temporal. Durant més de trenta anys, Crim de Germania ha sigut objecte de nombroses valoracions crítiques a la premsa i en publicacions periòdiques de diversa índole a tot arreu dels territoris de parla catalana. L’estudi s’ha dividit en tres etapes: la primera s’inicia amb la publicació del llibre i conclou l’any 1981; la segona comprén el período des de 1982 fins al 2004, i, la tercera, des de 2005 —any en què la novel·la s’amplia i es reedita per Bromera— fins l’actualitat.
El mestre Canaletes i «El cuento del formigó»
Authors: Canals Boix Susana
Published: December 2014

En aquest article s’aporten dades biogràfiques sobre Josep Canals i Jiménez, el Mestre Canaletes (Elx 1898 – Elx, 1985), docent emblemàtic, al Camp d’Elx, d’una època particularment interessant i significativa en la història del sistema educatiu valencià. L’aportació inclou, de més a més, la transcripció d’un manuscrit original inèdit del referit mestre Josep Canals i Jinénez: «El cuento del formigó».
Ressenya de L’obra literària de Vicent Andrés Estellés. Gèneres, tradicions poètiques i estil, de Vicent Salvador i Manuel Pérez Saldanya (ed.) (Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua, València, 2013, 724 pàgines)
Authors: Sanchis Ferrer Pau
Published: December 2014

Ressenya de: L’obra literària de Vicent Andrés Estellés. Gèneres, tradicions poètiques i estil, de Vicent Salvador i Manuel Pérez Saldanya (ed.) (Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua, València, 2013, 724 pàgines).
Relevancia del papel del planificador estratégico en la investigación publicitaria
Authors: Sánchez-Blanco Cristina
Published: December 2014

La investigación sobre el consumidor ha sido el eje central del trabajo del planificador estratégico desde el nacimiento de la profesión en 1968. En concreto, en el origen de la disciplina de la Planificación Estratégica está la relevancia de la investigación cualitativa como fuente fiable para conocer en profundidad al consumidor y poder desarrollar campañas de comunicación eficaces, relevantes y distintivas. Por ello, y por la repercusión que tiene el conocimiento profundo del consumidor hoy en día, se va a hacer un repaso bibliográfico por las funciones que tradicionalmente ha adquirido el planificador en relación a la investigación para después aplicarlo a la realidad española actual a partir de un estudio empírico a los planificadores estratégicos españoles. El artículo termina con una reflexión sobre el papel relevante que el planner tendrá en un futuro muy próximo en el panorama de Big Data.