bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Constriction imposed by basement membrane regulates developmental cell migration
Authors: Molina López Ester , Kabanova Anna , Winkel Alexander , Franze Kristian , Palacios Isabel M. , Martín-Bermudo María D.
Published: June 2023

The basement membrane (BM) is a specialized extracellular matrix (ECM), which underlies or encases developing tissues. Mechanical properties of encasing BMs have been shown to profoundly influence the shaping of associated tissues. Here, we use the migration of the border cells (BCs) of the Drosophila egg chamber to unravel a new role of encasing BMs in cell migration. BCs move between a group of cells, the nurse cells (NCs), that are enclosed by a monolayer of follicle cells (FCs), which is, in turn, surrounded by a BM, the follicle BM. We show that increasing or reducing the stiffness of the follicle BM, by altering laminins or type IV collagen levels, conversely affects BC migration speed and alters migration mode and dynamics. Follicle BM stiffness also controls pairwise NC and FC cortical tension. We propose that constraints imposed by the follicle BM influence NC and FC cortical tension, which, in turn, regulate BC migration. Encasing BMs emerge as key players in the regulation of collective cell migration during morphogenesis.
Isoforms of the TAL1 transcription factor have different roles in hematopoiesis and cell growth
Authors: Sharma Aveksha , Mistriel-Zerbib Shani , Najar Rauf Ahmad , Engal Eden , Bentata Mercedes , Taqatqa Nadeen , Dahan Sara , Cohen Klil , Jaffe-Herman Shiri , Geminder Ophir , Baker Mai , Nevo Yuval , Plaschkes Inbar , Kay Gillian , Drier Yotam , Berger Michael , Salton Maayan
Published: June 2023

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) protein 1 (TAL1) is a central transcription factor in hematopoiesis. The timing and level of TAL1 expression orchestrate the differentiation to specialized blood cells and its overexpression is a common cause of T-ALL. Here, we studied the 2 protein isoforms of TAL1, short and long, which are generated by the use of alternative promoters as well as by alternative splicing. We analyzed the expression of each isoform by deleting an enhancer or insulator, or by opening chromatin at the enhancer location. Our results show that each enhancer promotes expression from a specific TAL1 promoter. Expression from a specific promoter gives rise to a unique 5′ UTR with differential regulation of translation. Moreover, our study suggests that the enhancers regulate TAL1 exon 3 alternative splicing by inducing changes in the chromatin at the splice site, which we demonstrate is mediated by KMT2B. Furthermore, our results indicate that TAL1-short binds more strongly to TAL1 E-protein partners and functions as a stronger transcription factor than TAL1-long. Specifically TAL1-short has a unique transcription signature promoting apoptosis. Finally, when we expressed both isoforms in mice bone marrow, we found that while overexpression of both isoforms prevents lymphoid differentiation, expression of TAL1-short alone leads to hematopoietic stem cell exhaustion. Furthermore, we found that TAL1-short promoted erythropoiesis and reduced cell survival in the CML cell line K562. While TAL1 and its partners are considered promising therapeutic targets in the treatment of T-ALL, our results show that TAL1-short could act as a tumor suppressor and suggest that altering TAL1 isoform’s ratio could be a preferred therapeutic approach.
Diagnostic capacities and treatment practices on implantation mycoses: Results from the 2022 WHO global online survey
Authors: Milani Barbara , Dagne Daniel Argaw , Choi Hye Lynn , Schito Marco , Stone Heather Anne
Published: June 2023

Between January and March 2022, WHO conducted a global online survey to collect data on diagnostic capacities and treatment practices in different settings for four implantation mycoses: eumycetoma, actinomycetoma, cutaneous sporotrichosis and chromoblastomycosis. The survey investigated the type of diagnostic methods available in countries at various health system levels (tertiary, secondary, primary level) and the medicines used to treat implantation mycoses, with a view to understanding the level of drug repurposing for treatment of these diseases. 142 respondents from 47 countries, including all continents, contributed data: 60% were from middle-income countries, with 59% working at the tertiary level of the health system and 30% at the secondary level. The results presented in this article provide information on the current diagnostic capacity and treatment trends for both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. In addition, the survey provides insight on refractory case rates, as well as other challenges, such as availability and affordability of medicines, especially in middle-income countries. Although the study has limitations, the survey-collected data confirms that drug repurposing is occurring for all four surveyed implantation mycoses. The implementation of an openly accessible global and/or a national treatment registry for implantation mycoses could contribute to address the gaps in epidemiological information and collect valuable observational data to inform treatment guidelines and clinical research.
Financing constraints and impact on corporate performance growth: Study in China listed logistics enterprises
Authors: Liu Ke , Wang Zhaoping , Du Ran , Chen Heng , Li Yajing
Published: June 2023

Based on 2010–2019 Chinese logistics listed companies as research samples, the paper used the binary Logit model measuring degree of financing constraints. The Kernel density function and Markov chain model are used to forecast China listed companies financing logistics dynamic constraints and business performance growth. Furthermore the stock of knowledge was chosen as a threshold variable to explore the impact of financing constraints on corporate performance growth of listed logistics enterprises. We find that the degree of financing constraints of logistics enterprises in our country has not been significantly eased. Corporate performance has not changed significantly and there are no obvious spatial gap and polarization with the passage of time. The impact of financing constraints on the corporate performance growth of logistics enterprises in China has a double threshold effect of knowledge stock, and has an inhibitory effect that first increases and then decreases. This is because in the short term, the investment of knowledge stock by enterprises can crowd out more corporate liquidity, and in the long run, it is related to the conversion rate of the knowledge stock itself. Because of the uneven regional distribution of resources and differences in the degree of economic development, there is a growing disincentive effect in central China as the stock of knowledge accumulates.
Characterizing engagement dynamics across topics on Facebook
Authors: Etta Gabriele , Sangiorgio Emanuele , Di Marco Niccolò , Avalle Michele , Scala Antonio , Cinelli Matteo , Quattrociocchi Walter
Published: June 2023

Social media platforms heavily changed how users consume and digest information and, thus, how the popularity of topics evolves. In this paper, we explore the interplay between the virality of controversial topics and how they may trigger heated discussions and eventually increase users’ polarization. We perform a quantitative analysis on Facebook by collecting ∼57M posts from ∼2M pages and groups between 2018 and 2022, focusing on engaging topics involving scandals, tragedies, and social and political issues. Using logistic functions, we quantitatively assess the evolution of these topics finding similar patterns in their engagement dynamics. Finally, we show that initial burstiness may predict the rise of users’ future adverse reactions regardless of the discussed topic.
Habitat complexity and predator odours impact on the stress response and antipredation behaviour in coral reef fish
Authors: Fakan Eric P. , Allan Bridie J. M. , Illing Björn , Hoey Andrew S. , McCormick Mark I.
Published: June 2023

Mass coral bleaching events coupled with local stressors have caused regional-scale loss of corals on reefs globally. Following the loss of corals, the structural complexity of these habitats is often reduced. By providing shelter, obscuring visual information, or physically impeding predators, habitat complexity can influence predation risk and the perception of risk by prey. Yet little is known on how habitat complexity and risk assessment interact to influence predator-prey interactions. To better understand how prey’s perception of threats may shift in degraded ecosystems, we reared juvenile Pomacentrus chrysurus in environments of various habitat complexity levels and then exposed them to olfactory risk odours before simulating a predator strike. We found that the fast-start escape responses were enhanced when forewarned with olfactory cues of a predator and in environments of increasing complexity. However, no interaction between complexity and olfactory cues was observed in escape responses. To ascertain if the mechanisms used to modify these escape responses were facilitated through hormonal pathways, we conducted whole-body cortisol analysis. Cortisol concentrations interacted with habitat complexity and risk odours, such that P. chrysurus exhibited elevated cortisol levels when forewarned with predator odours, but only when complexity levels were low. Our study suggests that as complexity is lost, prey may more appropriately assess predation risk, likely as a result of receiving additional visual information. Prey’s ability to modify their responses depending on the environmental context suggests that they may be able to partly alleviate the risk of increased predator-prey interactions as structural complexity is reduced.
Increasing autobiographical memory specificity: Using kindness meditation to impact features of memory retrieval
Authors: Lathan Amanda , Dritschel Barbara
Published: June 2023

Individuals with a history of depression have an increased risk for future episodes. This risk has been linked with impaired features of autobiographical memory retrieval that remain when depressive symptoms abate, including memory specificity, remoteness, valence, and vantage perspective. Rumination has been shown to influence these impairments and can be reduced via compassion training. We therefore investigated the effects of a self-compassion meditation on autobiographical memory retrieval in remitted depression. Baseline data were collected (n = 50) using an extended version of the Autobiographical Memory Test where participants with remitted depression retrieved specific memories from a remote time period (10 cues) and from any time period (10 cues). Valence and vantage perspective were rated. Participants were then randomly allocated to a self-compassion meditation or (control) colouring intervention group. Baseline measures were reassessed after four weeks of the intervention. Results revealed increased retrieval of specific memories in the self-compassion group in comparison to the colouring group, and an increase in positive and field memories across groups while no remoteness changes were observed. This self-compassion meditation demonstrated initial promise as an intervention to influence features of autobiographical memory retrieval in remitted depression. Improvements were shown in specificity, valence, and vantage perspective. Addressing these features with this type of intervention might reduce a cognitive vulnerability to depression and should be investigated in future studies.
Development and validation of a natural dynamic facial expression stimulus set
Authors: Pasqualette Laura , Klinger Sara , Kulke Louisa
Published: June 2023

Emotion research commonly uses either controlled and standardised pictures or natural video stimuli to measure participants’ reactions to emotional content. Natural stimulus materials can be beneficial; however, certain measures such as neuroscientific methods, require temporally and visually controlled stimulus material. The current study aimed to create and validate video stimuli in which a model displays positive, neutral and negative expressions. These stimuli were kept as natural as possible while editing timing and visual features to make them suitable for neuroscientific research (e.g. EEG). The stimuli were successfully controlled regarding their features and the validation studies show that participants reliably classify the displayed expression correctly and perceive it as genuine. In conclusion, we present a motion stimulus set that is perceived as natural and that is suitable for neuroscientific research, as well as a pipeline describing successful editing methods for controlling natural stimuli.
Gene knock-outs in human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and in the human immune system of mice
Authors: Kuppers Daniel A. , Linton Jonathan , Ortiz Espinosa Sergio , McKenna Kelly M. , Rongvaux Anthony , Paddison Patrick J.
Published: June 2023

Human CD34+hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are a standard source of cells for clinical HSC transplantations as well as experimental xenotransplantation to generate “humanized mice”. To further extend the range of applications of these humanized mice, we developed a protocol to efficiently edit the genomes of human CD34+HSPCs before transplantation. In the past, manipulating HSPCs has been complicated by the fact that they are inherently difficult to transduce with lentivectors, and rapidly lose their stemness and engraftment potential duringin vitroculture. However, with optimized nucleofection of sgRNA:Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes, we are now able to edit a candidate gene in CD34+HSPCs with almost 100% efficiency, and transplant these modified cells in immunodeficient mice with high engraftment levels and multilineage hematopoietic differentiation. The result is a humanized mouse from which we knocked out a gene of interest from their human immune system.
The impacts of climate change on hydrological processes of Gilgel Gibe catchment, southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Tilahun Zewde Alemayehu , Bizuneh Yechale Kebede , Mekonnen Abren Gelaw
Published: June 2023

Climate change is a significant driver of water resource availability, affecting the magnitude of surface runoff, aquifer recharge, and river flows. This study investigated the impact of climate change on hydrological processes within the Gilgel Gibe catchment and aimed to determine the level of exposure of water resources to these changes, which is essential for future adaptability planning. To achieve this objective, an ensemble mean of six regional climate models (RCMs) from the coordinated regional climate downscaling experiment (CORDEX)-Africa was used to simulate future climatic scenarios. The RCMs outputs were then bias corrected using distribution mapping to match observed precipitation and temperature. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to assess the hydrological impacts of climate change on the catchment. The results indicated that the ensemble mean of the six RCMs projects a decline in precipitation and an increase in temperature under both the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 representative concentration pathways. Moreover, the increases in both maximum and minimum temperatures are higher for higher emission scenarios, indicating that RCP8.5 is warmer than RCP4.5. The projected climate change shows a decrease in surface runoff, groundwater, and water yield, resulting in an overall decline of annual flow. This decline is mainly due to the reduction in seasonal flows driven by climate change scenarios. The changes in precipitation range from -11.2% to -14.3% under RCP4.5 and from -9.2% to -10.0% under RCP8.5, while the changes in temperature range from 1.7°C to 2.5°C under RCP4.5 and from 1.8°C to 3.6°C under RCP8.5. These changes could lead to reduced water availability for crop production, which could be a chronic issue for subsistence agriculture. Additionally, the reduction of surface water and groundwater could further exacerbate water stress in the downstream areas, affecting the availability of water resources in the catchment. Furthermore, the increasing demands for water, driven by population growth and socioeconomic progress, along with the variability in temperature and evaporation demands, will amplify prolonged water scarcity. Therefore, robust climate-resilient water management policies are indispensable to manage these risks. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of considering the impact of climate change on hydrological processes and the need for proactive adaptation measures to mitigate the impacts of climate change on water resources.
Trends in the incidence and prevalence of dysphagia requiring medical attention among adults in South Korea, 2006–2016: A nationwide population study
Authors: Kwon SuYeon , Cha Seungwoo , Kim Junsik , Han Kyungdo , Paik Nam-Jong , Kim Won-Seok
Published: June 2023

The prevalence of dysphagia is increasing, resulting in socioeconomic burden, but previous reports have only been based on a limited populations. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the nationwide incidence and prevalence of dysphagia requiring medical attention to provide adequate information for healthcare planning and resource allocation. In this nationwide retrospective cohort study, the data of adults aged ≥20 years recorded from 2006 to 2016 were sourced from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Medical claim codes based on ICD-10-CM were used to define dysphagia and possible causes. The annual incidence and prevalence of dysphagia were calculated. Cox regression was used to estimate dysphagia risk in people with possible dysphagia etiology. Survival analysis was performed to estimate the mortality and hazard ratio of dysphagia. The crude annual incidence of dysphagia increased continuously from 7.14 in 2006 to 15.64 in 2016. The crude annual prevalence of dysphagia in 2006 was 0.09% and increased annually to 0.25% in 2016. Stroke (odds ratio [OR]: 7.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.76–6.68), neurodegenerative disease (OR: 6.20, 95% CI: 5.76–6.68), cancer (OR: 5.59, 95% CI: 5.17–6.06), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR: 2.94, 95% CI: 2.71–3.18) were associated with a high risk of dysphagia. The mortality in the dysphagia group was 3.12 times higher than that in the non-dysphagia group (hazard ratio: 3.12, 95% CI: 3.03–3.23). The incidence and prevalence of dysphagia requiring medical attention are increasing annually. The increasing trend was conspicuous in the geriatric population. The presence of stroke, neurodegenerative disease, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with a high risk of dysphagia. Therefore, adequate screening, diagnosis, and management of dysphagia in the older population must be emphasized in geriatric healthcare.
Behind closed doors: Protective social behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Thomas Kyla , Szilagyi Peter G. , Vangala Sitaram , Dudovitz Rebecca N. , Shah Megha D. , Vizueta Nathalie , Kapteyn Arie
Published: June 2023

The success of personal non-pharmaceutical interventions as a public health strategy requires a high level of compliance from individuals in private social settings. Strategies to increase compliance in these hard-to-reach settings depend upon a comprehensive understanding of the patterns and predictors of protective social behavior. Social cognitive models of protective behavior emphasize the contribution of individual-level factors while social-ecological models emphasize the contribution of environmental factors. This study draws on 28 waves of survey data from the Understanding Coronavirus in America survey to measure patterns of adherence to two protective social behaviors–private social-distancing behavior and private masking behavior–during the COVID-19 pandemic and to assess the role individual and environmental factors play in predicting adherence. Results show that patterns of adherence fall into three categories marked by high, moderate, and low levels of adherence, with just under half of respondents exhibiting a high level of adherence. Health beliefs emerge as the single strongest predictor of adherence. All other environmental and individual-level predictors have relatively poor predictive power or primarily indirect effects.
Gene and pathway based burden analyses in familial lymphoid cancer cases: Rare variants in immune pathway genes
Authors: Ralli Sneha , Jones Samantha J. , Leach Stephen , Lynch Henry T. , Brooks-Wilson Angela R.
Published: June 2023

Genome-wide association studies have revealed common genetic variants with small effect sizes associated with diverse lymphoid cancers. Family studies have uncovered rare variants with high effect sizes. However, these variants explain only a portion of the heritability of these cancers. Some of the missing heritability may be attributable to rare variants with small effect sizes. We aim to identify rare germline variants associated with familial lymphoid cancers using exome sequencing. One case per family was selected from 39 lymphoid cancer families based on early onset of disease or rarity of subtype. Control data was from Non-Finnish Europeans in gnomAD exomes (N = 56,885) or ExAC (N = 33,370). Gene and pathway-based burden tests for rare variants were performed using TRAPD. Five putatively pathogenic germline variants were found in four genes: INTU, PEX7, EHHADH, and ASXL1. Pathway-based association tests identified the innate and adaptive immune systems, peroxisomal pathway and olfactory receptor pathway as associated with lymphoid cancers in familial cases. Our results suggest that rare inherited defects in the genes involved in immune system and peroxisomal pathway may predispose individuals to lymphoid cancers.
Two tigers cannot live on the same mountain: The impact of the second largest shareholder on controlling shareholder’s tunneling behavior
Authors: Liao Jia , Zhan Yun , Zhao Xiaoyang
Published: June 2023

Under the current corporate governance model, the second largest shareholder (SLS) is a very special, common and important presence, which becomes an important counterweight to the controlling shareholder (CS). Through a game matrix, this paper explains whether the SLS will supervise the CS’s tunneling behavior. Based on this, we empirically examine the effect of the SLS on CS’s tunneling behavior in Chinese listed firms between 2010 and 2020. The results indicate that the SLS significantly inhibits CS’s tunneling behavior. In addition, the heterogeneity analysis reveals that the negative effect of the SLS on CS’s tunneling behavior is concentrated in non-state-owned enterprises (NSOEs) and enterprises located in regions with better business environment. This paper provides a reference for resolving the current "conflict of interest" among multiple large shareholders (MLSs), as well as evidence to support the governance role of the SLS in listed firms with MLSs.
Color restoration based on digital pathology image
Authors: Sun Guoxin , Yan Xiong , Wang Huizhe , Li Fei , Yang Rui , Xu Jing , Liu Xin , Li Xiaomao , Zou Xiao
Published: June 2023

Objective

Protective color restoration of faded digital pathology images based on color transfer algorithm.

Methods

Twenty fresh tissue samples of invasive breast cancer from the pathology department of Qingdao Central Hospital in 2021 were screened. After HE staining, HE stained sections were irradiated with sunlight to simulate natural fading, and every 7 days was a fading cycle, and a total of 8 cycles were experienced. At the end of each cycle, the sections were digitally scanned to retain clear images, and the color changes of the sections during the fading process were recorded. The color transfer algorithm was applied to restore the color of the faded images; Adobe Lightroom Classic software presented the histogram of the image color distribution; UNet++ cell recognition segmentation model was used to identify the color restored images; Natural Image Quality Evaluator (NIQE), Information Entropy (Entropy), and Average Gradient (AG) were applied to evaluate the quality of the restored images.

Results

The restored image color met the diagnostic needs of pathologists. Compared with the faded images, the NIQE value decreased (P<0.05), Entropy value increased (P<0.01), and AG value increased (P<0.01). The cell recognition rate of the restored image was significantly improved.

Conclusion

The color transfer algorithm can effectively repair faded pathology images, restore the color contrast between nucleus and cytoplasm, improve the image quality, meet the diagnostic needs and improve the cell recognition rate of the deep learning model.
HPV E6 inhibits E6AP to regulate epithelial homeostasis by modulating keratinocyte differentiation commitment and YAP1 activation
Authors: Yin Wen , Egawa Nagayasu , Zheng Ke , Griffin Heather , Tian Pu , Aiyenuro Ademola , Bornstein Jacob , Doorbar John
Published: June 2023

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) cause persistent infections by modulating epithelial homeostasis in cells of the infected basal layer. Using FUCCI and cell-cell competition assays, we have identifed regulatory roles for E6AP and NHERF1, which are the primary HPV11 E6 cellular targets, as well as being targets of the high-risk E6 proteins, in processes governing epithelial homeostasis (i.e. cell density, cell cycle entry, commitment to differentiation and basal layer delamination). Depletion of E6AP, or expression of HPV11 or 16E6 increased keratinocyte cell density and cell cycle activity, and delayed the onset of differentiation; phenotypes which were conspicuously present in HPV11 and 16 infected patient tissue. In line with proposed E6 functions, in HPV11 condyloma tissue, E6AP and NHERF1 were significantly reduced when compared to uninfected epithelium. In experimental systems, loss of HPV11 E6/E6AP binding abolished 11E6’s homeostasis regulatory functions, while loss of E6/NHERF1 binding reduced the cell density threshold at which differentiation was triggered. By contrast, a NHERF1-binding mutant of 16E6 was not compromised in its homeostasis functions, while E6AP appeared essential. RNA sequencing revealed similar transcriptional profiles in both 11 and 16E6-expressing cells and E6AP-/-cells, with YAP target genes induced, and keratinocyte differentiation genes being downregulated. HPV11 E6-mediated Yap activation was observed in 2D and 3D (organotypic raft) cell culture systems and HPV-infected lesions, with both NHERF1, which is a regulator of the Hippo and Wnt pathways, and E6AP, playing an important role. As the conserved binding partner of Alpha group HPV E6 proteins, the precise role of E6AP in modulating keratinocyte phenotype and associated signalling pathways has not previously been defined. Our study suggests a model in which the preserved functions of the low and high-risk Alpha E6 proteins modulate epithelial homeostasis via E6AP activity, and lead to alteration of multiple downstream pathways, including those involving NHERF1 and YAP.
‘Always half-and-half’: ‘Voyage in’ as halfness in Jean Rhys’s short fiction
Authors: Mundeja Ruchi
Published: June 2023

From the initial years when criticism on the writer Jean Rhys largely circled around Wide Sargasso Sea to an interest in her other novels growing since then, Rhys’s short stories have evoked comparatively scant critical interest. Yet the thematic concerns in her short stories contribute as vitally to the writer’s continuing close scrutiny of coloniality as her novels do. In this article, it is the criss-cross traffic of imperialist voyages that is looked at through Rhys’s short stories. The thematics of contamination, bastardization and halfness that these stories probe complicate more utopian theorizations of cosmopolitanization. The voyage into the imperial capital is inseparable from the experience of creolized, stigmatized, ‘halfness’ in Rhys’s corpus and that makes for a contestatory understanding of the polyphony often ascribed to these increasingly porous cityscapes. This article looks at two stories from the writer, ‘Overture and Beginners Please’ and ‘On Not Shooting Sitting Birds’, both foregrounding the ex-centric position of the women protagonists who are specifically tied to a Caribbean background, to suggest how Rhys’s work haunts that writing of the trope of voyaging whereby the brutal abrasions of colonial history are retrospectively subsumed into the more pluralistic folds of hybridity. In these stories, the journey into the imperial metropolis sets up a probe into the limits and blindspots of cosmopolitan Europe in the early to mid-twentieth century. Rhys’s short fiction spectrally interrupts the modernist narrative of aesthetic border-crossings to tell another, more experiential, one, where boundary crossing is a haunted experience from the point of view of those voyaging in.
Resocialization and regeneration in Ernest Cline’s ‘The Omnibot Incident’
Authors: Ue Tom
Published: June 2023

This report contributes to scholarship on the bestselling American writer Ernest Cline by examining his critically neglected short story ‘The Omnibot Incident’ (2014). It begins by revealing continuities between ‘Incident’ and his ambitious novels Ready Player One (2011) and Ready Player Two (2020). Across these works, we meet, for example, characters who turn to popular culture for compensation, and in the more recent titles, robots who go (or appear to go) rogue. I go on to suggest that the story’s form, particularly its economy, makes it especially hospitable for exploring how the central character Wyatt overcomes grief following his mother’s death. Notwithstanding the close resemblance in the names ‘Wyatt’ and ‘Wade Watts’, the protagonist of Cline’s novels, Wyatt is far more successful with prioritizing his family over the fantasies presented by science fiction. My broader claim is that we can deepen our understanding of and appreciation for Cline’s programme by looking at his short fiction.
Familias amestizadas en contextos esclavistas. Un estudio comparado entre la península ibérica de los siglos XVI-XVII y las Minas Gerais del siglo XVIII
Authors: Corona Pérez Eduardo
Published: June 2023

En este trabajo se aborda un estudio comparado en torno a la constitución y composición de familias amestizadas en la península ibérica de los siglos XVI-XVII y las Minas Gerais del siglo XVIII. El andamiaje metodológico-conceptual se ha construido sobre tres pilares fundamentales. El primero se basa en la comprensión de las dinámicas de mestizajes como procesos complejos y multifactoriales de mezclas biológicas y culturales, y no solo como productos finales resultado de la desigualdad y la dependencia jurídica. En segundo lugar, en la ampliación del concepto de familia, reducida generalmente al modelo tridentino de padre y madre unidos en legítimo matrimonio y su descendencia, lo que ha ocultado otras formas de organización familiar. Y, por último, en el paradigma epistemológico de la historia comparada-conectada. La relación de dos espacios tan alejados, además, en dos temporalidades diferentes, pero constituidos como dos de las áreas urbano-esclavistas más importantes de sus respectivos tiempos, permite la aproximación al desarrollo de las dinámicas de mestizajes y su injerencia en los procesos de formación de familias amestizadas en contextos marcados por la esclavitud. Porque estas, a pesar de las especificidades locales/regionales, se enmarcaron en procesos globales. El análisis de documentación notarial, parroquial y diocesana en ambos espacios ha posibilitado reconstruir historias individuales/familiares concretas. De este modo, se ha podido percibir el papel que las dinámicas de mestizajes desarrollaron en diferentes espacios de sociabilidad -tráficos y mercados de esclavos, viviendas, espacios públicos- y las relaciones producidas en ellos entre esclavos y horros de distintas procedencias, sus señores y el resto de la población en la conformación de familias amestizadas.
Cuidado en el afrontamiento familiar de adolescentes que consumen drogas
Authors: Zapata Flores Laura Cecilia , Realivazquez Pérez Lorena , Carrasco Cervantes Maria de Jesús
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: Conocer los significados y afrontamiento familiar de adolescentes que consumen drogas en rehabilitación.
Método: Investigación cualitativa de diseño fenomenológico, buscó conocer las historias de vida de las familias de los adolescentes que consumen drogas en un centro de rehabilitación de la ciudad de Chihuahua. Se utilizó la observación participante, diario de campo y entrevista en profundidad, se realizó análisis de contenido en tres momentos: descubrimiento, codificación y construcción de unidades de significado.
Resultados: El consumo de sustancias adictivas en los adolescente provoca cambios y sentimientos en la dinámica familiar, generando impotencia, enojo y al mismo tiempo estrés y miedo. Desde la perspectiva del afrontamiento que vive la familia del adolescente que consume drogas, se encuentran cuatro categorías: comunicación familiar deficiente, a nosotros como familia quien nos cuida, intuición de madre un despertar a la realidad y por último derrota como familia.
Conclusión: Se encontró desintegración en la familia como unidad, carente de comunicación y con sentimientos complejos de dolor y sufrimiento ante una realidad de vida, un despertar difícil como padres, pero con la esperanza de que cada día es la oportunidad para salir adelante. No es sencillo estructurar una forma de cuidado, fue necesario llegar a las fibras más sensibles del ser humano para poder comprender los procesos en los que se encuentra inmerso, estableciendo un diálogo íntimo e intencionado con él, que lo envuelve en un torbellino de dolor y sufrimiento.
Hacia una revisión de las concepciones de conocimiento como condición de posibilidad de la integralidad universitaria
Authors: Gonzalo Adriana
Published: June 2023

La presente contribución propone abordar la problemática del conocimiento científico y su vinculación con otros modos de conocimiento, de forma de revisar las concepciones y dicotomías estandarizadas al respecto. El objetivo es considerar esta revisión acerca de qué entendemos por “conocimiento”, en particular desde el ámbito académico institucional como una condición de posibilidad de una práctica universitaria de integralidad. Se trata de indagar, por un lado, las concepciones de conocimiento desde el ámbito de producción de la universidad y, por otro, las concepciones y valoraciones de otras formas de conocimiento tanto como las relaciones que se establecen entre las mismas. Se estima que la temática resulta central a la hora de pensar el vínculo entre las funciones sustantivas de la universidad: un ámbito de relación entre la enseñanza, la investigación y la extensión.
Hacia la consolidación de un Espacio de Formación Integral sobre recursos naturales en la Región Noreste de Uruguay. Antecedentes y procesos en la cuenca del río Negro en el período 2002–2022
Authors: Freitas Gabriel , Mello Karolain , Bessonart Martín , Escobar Jesica
Published: June 2023

Desde hace años, la Universidad de la República, en Uruguay, ha propuesto tránsitos académicos integrales que combinen enseñanza, investigación y extensión con perspectiva interdisciplinaria y anclaje territorial a través de la creación de Espacios de Formación Integral. Desde la formación de grado sobre Recursos Naturales en la sede universitaria en Rivera, se busca construir un Espacio de Formación Integral con enfoque territorial en el río Negro y su cuenca hidrográfica en vinculación con actividades de investigación en interacción con actores locales. Se parte de 10 años de experiencias de interacciones entre las tres funciones que, aunque puntuales y parciales, han fortalecido la formación académica y profesional y permitido un abordaje más cabal sobre problemas territoriales complejos. Consolidar un Espacio de Formación Integral implica integrar las funciones de forma coherente y sostenida y ofrecer a los estudiantes una trayectoria con objetivos de formación específicos y reconocida curricularmente, en armonía con los objetivos de formación de la carrera.
Reseña / Integralidad revisitada: abordajes múltiples y perspectivas
Authors: Beltramelli Federico
Published: June 2023

A partir de una serie de artículos seleccionados como resultado del seminario “Curricularización de la extensión: semillero de proyectos y espacios de formación integral”, organizado en el marco de la Universidad de la República de Uruguay, este libro da cuenta de una sedimentación conceptual e histórica de procesos institucionales en la que convergen delimitaciones políticas y conceptuales críticas para la extensión, la integralidad de las funciones universitarias, la territorialización y la curricularización de prácticas en distintos contextos de relacionamiento con el medio.
Formación y capacitación en oficios de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral
Authors: Bentolila Lia , Farías Walter María Cecilia , Bartolacci Juan Lucas
Published: June 2023

El artículo aborda las propuestas vinculadas al Programa de Formación y Capacitación Laboral de la Secretaría de Extensión y Cultura de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral, el cual tiene sus inicios en 1929. Hacia sus 95 años de existencia, se brinda la situación actual del Programa: las líneas temáticas de capacitación, la importancia de los vínculos institucionales, sus articulaciones con sectores públicos y privados, y algunos datos respecto de los perfiles de los cursantes así como de las elecciones entre las ofertas brindadas.Abordar la temática de la formación y capacitación en oficios desde la Universidad, específicamente desde la función sustantiva de extensión, implica pensarla, por un lado, desde la órbita del compromiso social y, por otro, como formadora de sujetos sociales.
Floral biology and pollinator captivating semiochemicals in Goniothalamus wynaadensis (Bedd.) Bedd. (Annonaceae) an endemic tree species of the Western Ghats
Authors: Anjali Jayan , Sreekala A. K
Published: June 2023

Goniothalamus wynaadensis (Bedd.) Bedd. (Family Annonaceae) is an endemic tree species growing in the evergreen forests of the Western Ghats up to 900m asl. The present study aims at understanding the functional floral traits and semiochemicals found in G. wynaadensis which support plant-pollinator interactions. The study revealed G. wynaadensis exhibits abbreviated anthesis (c.28hrs). Goniothalamus flowers exhibit unique features of cantharophily. The study indicated that outcrossing is promoted by protogyny, and pollination efficiency is enhanced by pollen aggregation, anthesis duration, and pollinator trapping which involves a close alignment between petal movements and the circadian rhythm of pollinators. Curculionidae and Nitidulidae beetles are effective pollinators of the plant. In beetle-pollinated flowers, floral scent is a crucial component for pollinator attraction. G. wynaadensis has a strong fruity aroma. The floral scent analysis performed using headspace solid- phase microextraction combined with GC-MS detected various semiochemicals that support plant-pollinator interactions. Ethyl butyrate, isobutyl acetate, 3 hydroxy 3 methyl 2 butanol, isopentyl acetate, and 3 methyl 1 butanol dominate the floral scent of G. wynaadensis.
Reconstruction of Public Organizational Regulations to Guarantee the Right to Freedom of Organization According to the Pancasila Democracy: Study of the Regulation of the Right to Freedom to Organize in Indonesia
Authors: Silaban Panti , Pieris John , Kamis Margarito , Tehupeiory Aartje
Published: June 2023

Indonesia is a democratic country and as a follow-up form in accommodating freedom in social life, the 1945 Constitution regulates guarantees for freedom of association, assembly, and expression of opinions. Freedom of association and assembly is one of the key rights in human rights because with this freedom humans can enjoy other rights and freedoms stipulated by law. Nevertheless, this freedom is not an absolute right, meaning that this freedom is subject to several restrictions which must also be stipulated in the law. This is not only a reflection, but a prerequisite in a democratic country. These restrictions are necessary if there is an interest in protecting national security or public safety, public order, protection of public health and morality, and protection of the rights and freedoms of other parties. This study uses a normative juridical method. The specifications of the research conducted by researchers and writers are analytical and descriptive. The data collection technique used in this study was a literature study. The data used is secondary data or second-hand data which is data obtained from research subjects as the main data. The data analysis to be carried out is a descriptive analysis. From the results of the research, it can be obtained that the Function of Community Organization Regulation is to Protect People's Right to Freedom to Organize, but the implementation of these regulations causes many problems including the emergence of social organizations that have deviated goals that are contrary to Pancasila and the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, the birth of Community Organizations amid a large number of people. reaping the pros and cons of several parties, the rampant dissolution of social organizations, and criminal sanctions in Law Number 2 of 2017 concerning Community Organizations raise controversies that will have the potential for authoritarian government and violations of human rights and the Constitution, giving unlimited authority limited to the Minister of Home Affairs or the Minister of Law and Human Rights to determine whether the status of a social organization is against Pancasila or not, inconsistency between the implementation of social organization regulations and the guarantee and protection of people's rights to organize. Therefore, it is necessary to have the concept of regulation of Community Organizations that can guarantee the right to freedom of community organizations in the future.
Mikrologia Jolanty Brach-Czainy
Authors: Marzec Lucyna
Published: June 2023

Artykuł omawia pisarstwo i filozofię Jolanty Brach-Czainy, wiążąc je z projektem mikrologii i sokratejską majeutyką. Poetologiczna refleksja nad działaniem detalu, pracy podobieństwa i różnicy, w najważniejszych utworach (Sofie, Szczelinach istnienia, Błonach umysłu) wydobywa dwie tendencje myśli Brach-Czainy: poszukiwanie tekstowego „przedstawicielstwa znaczenia” i zmysłowego opisu „drobin bytu”. Artykuł omawia ambiwalentne podejście filozofki do metonimii i synekdochy oraz charakteryzuje styl pisarstwa, który łączy skupienie na niepozornym detalu oraz niekonkluzywność paradoksów. Kluczową cechą poetyki Brach-Czainy jest absorpcja konkretu i abstrakcji, wywołanie jednoczesnego efektu dokładności i nieokreśloności. Projekt Brach-Czainy wiele łączy z poetologicznymi refleksjami Itala Calvina oraz, przede wszystkim, Anne Carson. Ich równoległa droga w poszukiwaniu istoty poznania i języka poetyckiego doprowadziła do sokratejskiej teorii erosa.
Translation termination in human mitochondria – substrate specificity of mitochondrial release factors
Authors: Nadler Franziska , Richter-Dennerlein Ricarda
Published: June 2023

Mitochondria are the essential players in eukaryotic ATP production by oxidative phosphorylation, which relies on the maintenance and accurate expression of the mitochondrial genome. Even though the basic principles of translation are conserved due to the descendance from a bacterial ancestor, some deviations regarding translation factors as well as mRNA characteristics and the applied genetic code are present in human mitochondria. Together, these features are certain challenges during translation the mitochondrion has to handle. Here, we discuss the current knowledge regarding mitochondrial translation focusing on the termination process and the associated quality control mechanisms. We describe how mtRF1a resembles bacterial RF1 mechanistically and summarize in vitro and recent in vivo data leading to the conclusion of mtRF1a being the major mitochondrial release factor. On the other hand, we discuss the ongoing debate about the function of the second codon-dependent mitochondrial release factor mtRF1 regarding its role as a specialized termination factor. Finally, we link defects in mitochondrial translation termination to the activation of mitochondrial rescue mechanisms highlighting the importance of ribosome-associated quality control for sufficient respiratory function and therefore for human health.
Effect of Carbon Partitioning on Abnormal Martensite Hardening in a Conventional Quench and Temper Medium Silicon Low Alloy Steel under Ferrite-Martensite Dual-Phase Microstructure
Authors: Khajesarvi A. , Ghasemi Banadkouki S. S. , Sajjadi S. A.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this research work was to investigate the effect of carbon partitioning within ferrite and prior austenite (martensite) during progress of ferrite formation and consequently its relation to the associated martensite hardening in a medium silicon low alloy conventional quench and temper steel. For this aim, several ferrite-martensite dual-phase (DP) samples containing various volume fractions of ferrite and martensite microphases were developed. The X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy with spot and line-scan X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) for carbon analysis were used in conjunction with light microscopy and hardness test to follow the variation of carbon partitioning within ferrite and prior austenite (martensite) regions and consequently the associated martensite hardening in the DP samples.
The effect of education based on health belief model on high-risk health behaviors in youth: an interventional quasi-experimental study
Authors: Zahmatkesh Rokhi Nasrin , Ebrahimzadeh Zagami Samira , Moradi Maryam , Mazloum Seyed Reza
Published: June 2023

Objectives

The present study was designed to determine the effect of education based on health belief model (HBM) on high-risk health behaviors in youth.

Methods

This interventional quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2020–2021 with the participation of 62 students living in the dormitories of University of Mashhad Medical Sciences with available sampling and random allocation in two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received six training sessions. The research instruments included: demographic information, researcher-made questionnaire including HBM constructs, youth high-risk behaviors questionnaire (2019) that were used before, immediately and one month after the educations. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, Mann-Whitney, and ANOVA with SPSS 21.

Results

The mean scores in the field of high-risk behaviors as well as all constructs of HBM were not statistically significant in the two groups before the intervention (p>0.05), but the mean scores immediately and one month after the educational intervention in all constructs of the HBM and the range of high-risk behaviors (other than smoking behavior) in the experimental group compared to the control group was statistically significant (p<0.001).

Conclusions

Education based on HBM was effective in reducing high-risk health behaviors, so this educational model can be used to reduce high-risk health behaviors in female students.
The nilpotent genus of finitely generated residually nilpotent groups
Authors: O’Sullivan Niamh
Published: June 2023

Let 𝐺 and 𝐻 be residually nilpotent groups.
Then 𝐺 and 𝐻 are in the same nilpotent genus if they have the same lower central quotients (up to isomorphism).
A potentially stronger condition is that 𝐻 is para-𝐺 if there exists a monomorphism of 𝐺 into 𝐻 which induces isomorphisms between the corresponding quotients of their lower central series.
We first consider finitely generated residually nilpotent groups and find sufficient conditions on the monomorphism so that 𝐻 is para-𝐺.
We then prove that, for certain polycyclic groups, if 𝐻 is para-𝐺, then 𝐺 and 𝐻 have the same Hirsch length.
We also prove that the pro-nilpotent completions of these polycyclic groups are locally polycyclic.