bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increasing the Representation of Black Men in Medicine by Addressing Systems Factors
Authors: Poll-Hunter Norma I. , Brown Zackary , Smith André , Starks Steven M. , Gregory-Bass Rosalind , Robinson Derek , Cullins Maureen D. , Capers Quinn , Landry Alden , Bush Antonio , Bellamy Kimberly , Lubin-Johnson Niva , Fluker Clarence J. , Acosta David A. , Young Geoffrey H. , Butts Gary C. , Bright Cedric M.
Published: December 2022

In 2015, data released by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) showed that there were more Black men applying and matriculating to medical school in 1978 than 2014. The representation of Black men in medicine is a troubling workforce issue that was identified by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine as a national crisis. While premedical pathway programs have contributed to increased workforce diversity, alone they are insufficient to accelerate change. In response, the AAMC and the National Medical Association launched a new initiative in August 2020, the Action Collaborative for Black Men in Medicine, to address the systems factors that influence the trajectory to medicine for Black men.

The authors provide a brief overview of the educational experiences of Black boys and men in the United States and, as members of the Action Collaborative, describe their early work. Using research, data, and collective lived experiences, the Action Collaborative members identified premedical and academic medicine systems factors that represented opportunities for change. The premedical factors include financing and funding, information access, pre-health advisors, the Medical College Admission Test, support systems, foundational academics, and alternative career paths. The academic medicine factors include early identification, medical school recruitment and admissions, and leadership accountability. The authors offer several points of intervention along the medical education continuum, starting as early as elementary school through medical school matriculation, for institutional leaders to address these factors as part of their diversity strategy.

The authors also present the Action Collaborative’s process for leveraging collective impact to build an equity-minded action agenda focused on Black men. They describe their initial focus on pre-health advising and leadership accountability and next steps to develop an action agenda. Collective impact and coalition building will facilitate active, broad engagement of partners across sectors to advance long-term systems change.
A Prospective Cohort of Alcohol Use and Alcohol-related Problems Before and After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents
Authors: White Gretchen E. , Boles Richard E. , Courcoulas Anita P. , Yanovski Susan Z. , Zeller Meg H. , Jenkins Todd M. , Inge Thomas H.
Published: December 2022

Objective:

To describe alcohol use, alcohol-related harm, and alcohol-related problems preoperatively and up to 8 years following metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) in adolescents.

Background:

Risk for alcohol use and alcohol use disorders (AUD) increases post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and vertical sleeve gastrectomy in adults. However, data are lacking in adolescents who undergo MBS.

Methods:

This study includes 217 adolescents (aged 13–19 y) enrolled in a 5-center prospective cohort study who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or vertical sleeve gastrectomy (2007–2011) and reported alcohol use preoperatively and annually postoperatively for up to 8 years. Time to elevated Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) score, alcohol-related harm, and alcohol-related problems were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier estimates of cumulative incidence.

Results:

Preoperatively, the median age was 17 years; the median body mass index was 51 kg/m2. Alcohol use frequency and average quantity of drinks per drinking day increased postoperatively (2% consumed alcohol 2–4 times/month 6 months versus 24% 8 years postoperatively, P<0.001; 2% consumed≥3 drinks per drinking day 6 months versus 35% 8 years postoperatively, P<0.001). Cumulative incidence of postoperative onset elevated AUDIT-C score, alcohol-related harm, and alcohol-related problems at year 8 were 45% (95% CI:37–53), 43% (95% CI:36–51), and 47% (95% CI:40–55), respectively.

Conclusions:

Nearly half of those who underwent MBS as adolescents screened positively for AUD, symptoms of alcohol-related harm, or alcohol-related problems 8 years post-MBS, highlighting the risk for alcohol use and AUD after MBS in adolescents. AUD evaluation and treatment should be integrated into routine long-term care for adolescents undergoing MBS.
Robotic Versus Conventional Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Zhang Yajie , Dong Dong , Cao Yuqin , Huang Maosheng , Li Jian , Zhang Jiahao , Lin Jules , Sarkaria Inderpal S. , Toni Lerut , David Rice , He Jie , Li Hecheng
Published: December 2022

Objectives:

To give a comprehensive review of the literature comparing perioperative outcomes and long-term survival with robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) versus minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) for esophageal cancer.

Background:

Curative minimally invasive surgical treatment for esophageal cancer includes RAMIE and conventional MIE. It remains controversial whether RAMIE is comparable to MIE.

Methods:

This review was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42021260963). A systematic search of databases was conducted. Perioperative outcomes and long-term survival were analyzed and subgroup analysis was conducted. Cumulative meta-analysis was performed to track therapeutic effectiveness.

Results:

Eighteen studies were included and a total of 2932 patients (92.88% squamous cell carcinoma, 29.83% neoadjuvant therapy, and 38.93% stage III-IV), 1418 underwent RAMIE and 1514 underwent MIE, were analyzed. The number of total lymph nodes (LNs) [23.35 (95% CI: 21.41–25.29) vs 21.98 (95% CI: 20.31–23.65); mean difference (MD) = 1.18; 95% CI: 0.06–2.30; P=0.04], abdominal LNs [9.05 (95% CI: 8.16–9.94) vs 7.75 (95% CI: 6.62–8.88); MD = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.19–1.89; P=0.02] and LNs along the left recurrent laryngeal nerve [1.74 (95% CI: 1.04–2.43) vs 1.34 (95% CI: 0.32–2.35); MD = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.09–0.35; P <0.001] were significantly higher in the RAMIE group. RAMIE is associated with a lower incidence of pneumonia [9.61% (95% CI: 7.38%–11.84%) vs 14.74% (95% CI: 11.62%–18.15%); odds ratio = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.58-0.93; P=0.01]. Meanwhile, other perioperative outcomes, such as operative time, blood loss, length of hospital stay, 30/90-day mortality, and R0 resection, showed no significant difference between the two groups. Regarding long-term survival, the 3-year overall survival was similar in the two groups, whereas patients undergoing RAMIE had a higher rate of 3-year disease-free survival compared with the MIE group [77.98% (95% CI: 72.77%–82.43%) vs 70.65% (95% CI: 63.87%–77.00%); odds ratio = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.11–1.83; P=0.006]. A cumulative meta-analysis conducted for each outcome demonstrated relatively stable effects in the two groups. Analyses of each subgroup showed similar overall outcomes.

Conclusions:

RAMIE is a safe and feasible alternative to MIE in the treatment of resectable esophageal cancer with comparable perioperative outcomes and seems to indicate a possible superiority in LNs dissection in the abdominal cavity, and LNs dissected along the left recurrent laryngeal nerve and 3-year disease-free survival in particular in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Further randomized studies are needed to better evaluate the long-term benefits of RAMIE compared with MIE.
Devosia ureilytica sp. nov., isolated from Kuche River in China
Authors: Li Bin-Bin , Zhang Xiao-Juan , Wu Danni , Zhang Dan-Dan , Fang Bao-Zhu , Liu Hong-Can , Zhou Yu-Guang , Cai Man , Li Wen-Jun , Nie Guo-Xing
Published: December 2022

Two novel strains, designated XJ19-45T and XJ19-1, were isolated from water of Kuche River in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Their cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and motile rods. The phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA genes and genomes showed that the two isolates belonged to the genus

Devosia

and the closest relative was

Devosia subaequoris

HST3-14T. The 16S rRNA genes sequences pairwise similarities, average nucleotide identities, digital DNA–DNA hybridizations and average amino acid identities between type strain XJ19-45T and other relatives were all less than 98.3, 80.3, 23.6 and 85.7 %, respectively, all below the species delineation thresholds. Pan-genomic analysis indicated that the novel isolate XJ19-45T shared 1594 core gene clusters with the 11 closely related type strains in

Devosia

, and the number of strain-specific clusters was 390. The major cellular fatty acids (>10 %) of the two isolates were summed feature 8, C18 : 1
ω7c 11-methyl and C16 : 0. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and glycolipids were the major polar lipids, and Q10 was the detected respiratory quinone. Based on the results of phenotypic, physiological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic characterizations, we propose that the isolates represent a novel species, for which the name Devosia ureilytica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XJ19-45T (=CGMCC 1.19388T=KCTC 92263T).
Psychopathy and distance estimation
Authors: Michalareas Georgios , Lehr Claudia , Grabenhorst Matthias , Hecht Heiko
Published: December 2022

Research on psychopathy has so far been largely limited to the investigation of high-level processes, such as emotion perception and regulation. In the present work, we investigate whether psychopathy has an effect on the estimation of fundamental physical parameters, which are computed in the brain during early stages of sensory processing. We employed a simple task in which participants had to estimate their interpersonal distance from a moving avatar and stop it at a given distance. The face expression of the avatars were positive, negative, or neutral. Participants carried out the task online on their home computers. We measured the psychopathy level via a self-report questionnaire. Regardless of the degree of psychopathy, the facial expression of the avatars showed no effect on distance estimation. Our results show that individuals with a high degree of psychopathy underestimate distance of approaching avatars significantly less (let the avatar approach them significantly closer) than did participants with a lesser degree of psychopathy. Moreover, participants who scored high in Self-Centered Impulsivity underestimate the distance to approaching avatars significantly less (let the avatar approach closer) than participants with a low score. Distance estimation is considered an automatic process performed at early stages of visual processing. Therefore, our results imply that psychopathy affects basic early sensory processes, such as feature extraction, in the visual cortex.
Development of a high-throughput barrier function assay using primary human gut organoids
Authors: Wright Charles W. , Li Naomi , Shaffer Lynsey , Hill Armetta , Boyer Nicolas , Alves Stephen , Venkat Sriram , Biswas Kaustav , Lieberman Linda A. , Mohammadi Sina
Published: December 2022

Disruptions in the gut epithelial barrier can lead to the development of chronic indications such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Historically, barrier function has been assessed in cancer cell lines, which do not contain all human intestinal cell types, leading to poor translatability. To bridge this gap, we adapted human primary gut organoids grown as monolayers to assess barrier function. In this work we describe and characterize a novel 96-well human gut organoid-derived monolayer system that enables medium/high-throughput quantitative assessment of candidate therapeutics. Normal human intestine differentiation patterns and barrier function were characterized and confirmed to recapitulate key aspects ofin vivobiology. Next, cellular response to TNF-α (a central driver of IBD) was determined using a diverse cadre of readouts.These outputs included transcription factor phosphorylation, target gene expression, cytokine/chemokine production, and barrier function. Additionally, we showed that TNF-α pathway antagonists rescued damage caused by TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that this system is suitable for quantitative assessment of barrier modulating factors. Taken together, we have established a robust primary cell-based 96-well system capable of interrogating questions around mucosal response. This system is well suited to provide pivotal functional data to support translational target and drug discovery efforts.
Disorganization of basement membrane zone architecture causes impaired melanocyte inhabitation in vitiligo
Authors: Yang Fei , Yang Lingli , Kuroda Yasutaka , Lai Sylvia , Takahashi Yoshito , Sayo Tetsuya , Namiki Takeshi , Nakajima Kimiko , Sano Shigetoshi , Inoue Shintaro , Tsuruta Daisuke , Katayama Ichiro
Published: December 2022

Vitiligo, a chronic autoimmune skin disorder characterized by selective epidermal melanocyte loss, lacks a well-defined mechanism for this phenomenon. Our study offers compelling insights into vitiligo pathogenesis by revealing disruptions in the basement membrane zone (BMZ) architecture. We observed branched, fragmented, and multilayered lamina densa, accompanied by elevated dermal fibroblast numbers and notable matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) overexpression. Vitiliginous skin extracts exhibited significant active MMP2 upregulation. To establish a direct link, we intradermally injected MMP2-overexpressing fibroblasts into K14-SCF transgenic mice, resulting in vitiligo-like skin and melanocyte loss, effectively reversed by coadministering MMP2 inhibitors. These groundbreaking findings highlight the pivotal role of disorganized BMZ in vitiligo, proposing MMP2 overexpression in dermal fibroblasts as a potential key contributor. Enhancing our understanding of vitiligo’s mechanisms, this research opens avenues for innovative therapeutic strategies against this challenging autoimmune skin disorder.

Teaser

Disrupted skin architecture and MMP2 in dermal fibroblasts hold the key to a potential breakthrough against this puzzling autoimmune disease vitiligo.
Mabs, a suite of tools for gene-informed genome assembly
Authors: Schelkunov Mikhail I.
Published: December 2022

Motivation

Despite constantly improving genome sequencing methods, error-free eukaryotic genome assembly has not yet been achieved. Among other kinds of problems of eukaryotic genome assembly are so-called “haplotypic duplications”, which may manifest themselves as cases of alleles being mistakenly assembled as paralogues. Haplotypic duplications are dangerous because they create illusions of gene family expansions and, thus, may lead scientists to incorrect conclusions about genome evolution and functioning.

Results

Here, I present Mabs, a suite of tools that serve as parameter optimizers of the popular genome assemblers Hifiasm and Flye. By optimizing the parameters of Hifiasm and Flye, Mabs tries to create genome assemblies with the genes assembled as accurately as possible. Tests on 6 eukaryotic genomes showed that in 6 out of 6 cases, Mabs created assemblies with more accurately assembled genes than those generated by Hifiasm and Flye when they were run with default parameters. When assemblies of Mabs, Hifiasm and Flye were postprocessed by a popular tool for haplotypic duplication removal, Purge_dups, genes were better assembled by Mabs in 5 out of 6 cases.

Availability and implementation

Mabs has been written in Python and is available athttps://github.com/shelkmike/Mabs
Little pig, little pig, let me come in: The influence of landscape structure and La Niña climatic anomalies on the emergence of Japanese encephalitis virus in Australian piggeries in 2022
Authors: Walsh Michael G. , Webb Cameron , Brookes Victoria
Published: December 2022

The widespread activity of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in previously unaffected regions of eastern and southern Australia in 2022 represents the most significant local arbovirus emergency in almost 50 years. Japanese encephalitis virus is transmitted by mosquitoes and maintained in wild ardeid birds and amplified in pigs, the latter of which suffer significant reproductive losses as a result of infection. The landscape of JEV outbreak risk in mainland Australia is almost entirely unknown, particularly in the eastern and southern parts of the country where the virus has not been previously documented. Although other areas with endemic JEV circulation in the Indo-Pacific region have demonstrated the importance of wild waterbird-livestock interface in agricultural-wetland mosaics, no such investigation has yet determined the configuration of pathogenic landscapes for Australia. Moreover, the recent emergence in Australia has followed substantial precipitation and temperature anomalies associated with the La Niña phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation. This study investigated the landscape epidemiology of JEV outbreaks in Australian piggeries recorded between January and April of 2022 to determine the influence of ardeid habitat suitability, hydrogeography, hydrology, land cover and La Niña-associated climate anomalies in demarcating risk. Outbreaks of JEV in domestic pigs were associated with ardeid species richness, agricultural and riparian landscape mosaics, hydrological flow accumulation, and grasslands. This study has identified the composition and configuration of landscape features that delineated risk for piggeries during the 2022 emergence of JEV in Australia. Although preliminary, these findings can inform actionable strategies for the development of new One Health JEV surveillance specific to the needs of Australia.
Specimen-displacement correction for powder X-ray diffraction in Debye–Scherrer geometry with a flat area detector
Authors: Hulbert Benjamin S. , Kriven Waltraud M.
Published: December 2022

The effect of small changes in the specimen-to-detector distance on the unit-cell parameters is examined for synchrotron powder diffraction in Debye–Scherrer (transmission) geometry with a flat area detector. An analytical correction equation is proposed to fix the shift in 2θ values due to specimen capillary displacement. This equation does not require the use of an internal reference material, is applied during the Rietveld refinement step, and is analogous to the specimen-displacement correction equations for Bragg–Brentano and curved-detector Debye–Scherrer geometry experiments, but has a different functional form. The 2θ correction equation is compared with another specimen-displacement correction based on the use of an internal reference material in which new integration and calibration parameters of area-detector images are determined. Example data sets showing the effect of a 3.3 mm specimen displacement on the unit-cell parameters for 25°C CeO2, including both types of displacement correction, are described. These experiments were performed at powder X-ray diffraction beamlines at the National Synchrotron Light Source II at Brookhaven National Laboratory and the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory.
“Locked at the job”: a qualitative study on the process of this phenomenon
Authors: Feenstra-Verschure Merel T. , Kooij Dorien , Freese Charissa , Van der Velde Mandy , Lysova Evgenia I.
Published: December 2022

Purpose

Many employees experience a “locked at the job” situation and are not satisfied with their current job and at the same time, perceive limited job opportunities. This study examines the process that individuals who experience locked at the job go through and the coping mechanisms individuals use.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of Thirty in-depth interviews were conducted. Of the participants, 12 were locked at the job at the time of the interview and 18 participants experienced locked at the job in the past.

Findings

The authors identified three phases. Regarding the first phase “becoming locked at the job,” various individual and work environmental causes could be identified. In the second phase “being locked at the job,” the authors identified three levels: low-, medium- and high-locked individuals. Emotion-regulated coping strategies were mainly reappraisal, positive distraction and behavioral avoidance. The third phase “ending locked at the job” revealed that a locked at the job situation often comes to an end either by taking control independently or by external force. Especially, the role of the direct supervisor was decisive during the entire locked at the job process.

Practical implications

In the practical implications, the authors suggest to discuss locked at the job throughout the entire workplace and create an open culture acknowledging that individuals may find themselves in such a situation.

Originality/value

To date, no qualitative study has been conducted before from this perspective. Therefore, it is extremely important to look at this relatively unknown phenomenon from this perspective.
Concerns about COVID-19 among undocumented women in justice-involved families
Authors: Cavanagh Caitlin , Osuna Amanda , Liggett-O'Malley Roberta , Henke Marina , Cauffman Elizabeth
Published: December 2022

Purpose

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated chronic disparities in income, employment and health-care access. Yet, little is known about how various sources of economic and emotional strain (i.e. caregiving, justice system involvement and documentation status) intersect during the pandemic. The purpose of this study is to understand how undocumented women in justice-involved families experienced the pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

Surveys of 221 mothers of justice-involved youth examined differences between documented and undocumented parents in COVID-19 testing, health and economic concerns related to the pandemic and generalized anxiety.

Findings

The results revealed undocumented women were less likely to receive COVID-19 testing than documented women, despite no difference between the two groups in suspicion that they may have contracted the virus. Also, undocumented women were more concerned than documented women about losing a job, not having enough food, not having enough non-food supplies, not having access to basic utilities or internet, losing their usual childcare services and losing a loved one to COVID-19.

Originality/value

The findings highlight the vulnerability of justice-involved families who have an undocumented member and implications for long-term solutions to address these disparities are discussed.
Fit for functional differentiation: new directions for personnel management and organizational change bridging the fit theory and social systems theory
Authors: Sales Augusto , Mansur Juliana , Roth Steffen
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This conceptual paper seeks to bridge two existing theories in a bid to broaden our analytical scope when studying the process of onboarding, retention and exclusion of organizational members. The purpose of this paper is to address this issue.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors draw on the social systems theory to advance the fit theory demonstrating the pertinence of macro social factors for the determination of person–organization (P–O) fit.

Findings

The result of this conceptual groundwork is a framework for the creation of highly individual personal profiles that refrains from analyses of potentially discriminatory factors like age, race or gender.

Originality/value

The authors present an individualized, multidimensional and flexible framework for the analysis of dynamically changing constellations of P–O fit.
Mapping the intellectual structure and demystifying the research trend of cross listing: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Batra Shallu , Saini Mohit , Yadav Mahender , Aggarwal Vaibhav
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This study aims to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to determine the intellectual structure of cross-listing studies and suggests a road map for future research in this field.

Design/methodology/approach

A step-by-step procedure was carried out. With the help of a defined search string, 580 articles from reputed journals have been retrieved from the Scopus database. Bibliographic coupling and keyword analysis were executed to understand the current research scenario and future research directions in this research field. In addition, R Studio combined with VOSviewer was employed to analyse and visualise the data.

Findings

The results provide a deeper insight into publication trends, most prolific countries, institutions and journals in the area of cross-listing. The highest collaboration was observed between the authors in the USA and Canada. Moreover, the results contradict Bradford's and Lotka's laws. A thorough review of the literature identifies five clusters in this domain. Finally, keyword analysis offers a future road map in cross-listing research.

Originality/value

Researchers have shown greater interest in cross-listing topics over the past decades. Even though the research volume on this subject is increasing, the current retrospective is still insufficient. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first to provide valuable insights to practitioners, academicians, and prospective researchers about the intellectual structure of cross-listing and also offers future avenues in this research field through bibliometric analysis.
Corporate immunity during crises and pandemics: does ESG matter? Literature review and future prospects
Authors: Mounir Hadeer , Ali Heba
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This research aims at synthesizing the existing body of literature on the role of environmental, social and governance (ESG) during the Covid-19 global pandemic, identifying the research agenda and perspectives on the role of ESG during times of economic turbulences and pointing to gaps and future research directions in this area.

Design/methodology/approach

A literature review of academic articles that focus on the role of ESG investments during the Covid-19 pandemic is conducted. These studies are identified based on searching/containing the keywords “ESG”, “Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)”, “Sustainability” and “Sustainable Finance” in combination with one or more of the following terms: “Covid-19”, “Pandemic” “and Crisis”. Then, the authors explore the key directions/themes in these papers, and highlight the main gaps and areas that are evolving as future research opportunities.

Findings

The empirical findings provide overall compelling evidence in support of the role of ESG during times of crisis, especially when it comes to stock risk and volatility. For example, several studies report that ESG stocks are associated with superior stock performance (higher stock returns and firm value) during the pandemic, while other studies report that ESG act as a risk protection tool during times of crisis, as they document that ESG stocks are associated with lower volatility and lower downside risk during the Covid-19 crisis.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors knowledge, no review of the literature on the role that ESG plays during crises and pandemics has been conducted before. Thus, it fulfills this research gap in the literature.
When historically cultural and creative products meet AR: the effect of augmented reality–based product display on consumers’ product evaluation
Authors: Xu Lan , Zhao Shuangshuang , Chen Quan , Cui Nan , He Jingting
Published: December 2022

Purpose

Augmented reality (AR), an innovative interactive technology that can realize the synchronization and integration of virtual and reality, has been widely used in commodity displays and museum exhibitions. However, few studies have examined the effectiveness of AR-based product display in the context of historically cultural and creative product (HCCP) marketing. This study aims to focus on whether and how the application of AR technology to the HCCP display will influence consumers’ product evaluation.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses three experiments to examine the impact of an AR-based product display on consumers’ evaluation of HCCPs. In experiments 1 and 2, the researchers compared the consumer’s evaluation of HCCPs under the AR-based product display condition and two other display conditions (i.e. 3D model display and photographic display) and examined the mediating role of perceived authenticity in the evaluation process. Experiment 3 tested the moderating effect of the availability of artistic detail information on weakening the negative impact of AR-based product display on the evaluation of HCCPs.

Findings

This study found that using AR-based displays harms consumers’ evaluation of HCCPs by impairing perceived authenticity. The spatial-temporal cues of real-time circumstances impede consumers’ processing of the historical attributes of the product. The dynamic AR-based display makes it hard for consumers to build the product’s connection with historical prototypes. Thus, consumers’ perception of the authenticity of HCCP is reduced. Providing artistic details during the presentation makes artistic attributes more prominent than historical attributes, allowing consumers to pay more attention to the sensory experience caused by the artistic design instead of the spatial-temporal cues of the product. At this point, the negative impact of AR-based product display on the evaluation of HCCPs will be attenuated.

Originality/value

First, this study shows the adverse effects of AR-based product displays in the field of HCCP marketing. AR-based product display degrades product evaluations when the displayed product has historical attributes. Second, this study extends the perceived authenticity theory to the technological experience context and establishes a theoretical connection with the AR literature. Third, this study explores the multiple characteristics of HCCPs. The historical attributes are the central attribute of HCCPs, leading consumers to perceive lower sense of authenticity due to the conflict with real-time spatiotemporal cues risen from the AR-based display. However, the artistic attributes, which are beyond the limitation of time and space, will attenuate this conflict when they become prominent.
Do you see my effort? An investigation of the relationship between e-government service quality and trust in government
Authors: Alsarraf Hani A. , Aljazzaf Salman , Ashkanani Ahmad M.
Published: December 2022

Purpose

Electronic government (e-government) has been suggested as an important tool to improve public services and enhance citizens’ trust in government. Several studies have examined the relationship between e-government service quality, satisfaction and trust in government with conflicting results. This conflict reveals the need for additional examination of the process relating e-government service quality to trust in government. This study aims to introduce a theoretical approach that considers a crucial factor, which is perceived government effort. The model proposes that perceived e-government service quality first leads to satisfaction, which in turn increases perceived effort that finally translates into trust in government.

Design/methodology/approach

This study proposes and tests a conceptual model that examines the relationship between e-government service quality, satisfaction, perceived effort and trust in government. The model is tested using mediated regression analyses and Hayes’s PROCESS macro. Data were collected from an online survey of 723 individuals who interacted with e-government services in Kuwait.

Findings

The results supported the proposed theoretical model and particularly confirmed the mediating role of perceived effort in the link between e-government service quality and trust in government.

Research limitations/implications

The findings improve the understanding of the behavioral process linking satisfaction with citizen’s trust in the government.

Originality/value

The model introduces a crucial yet previously overlooked factor to the trust-building effect of e-government, which is perceived effort. This factor is particularly important in electronic services that inherently lack face-to-face interaction between citizens and government representatives.
Sea ferry travel: the tourists’ liminal experience on the ferry
Authors: Sang Senyao , Huang Lingjun
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This study aims to explore the tourist’s liminal experience on a ferry and form a conceptual framework of liminal experience in the mobile liminal setting from the perspective of island tourists.

Design/methodology/approach

To address the purpose of taking the ferry from Zhoushan Island to Sijiao Island in China as the part of research, a qualitative method research design was used, including participatory observation, in-depth interviews and online data from social media.

Findings

Ferry as a mobile liminal space on the sea provides tourists to experience liminality by perceiving unique time construction, the overlap of physical and figurative space, the sense of liminal community and perceived existential authenticity, embodied spatial practices and perceived liminal benefits and costs under the specific social and cultural contexts.

Practical implications

This study proposes that tourism planners should strengthen tourists’ liminal experience on the ferry through integrated shipscape planning, including ship space planning, theme design and product development, which can make the ferry to be a meaningful place brand.

Originality/value

This study not only confirms that taking tourism public transport such as a ferry is a rite of passage for tourists before entering the island destination but also points out that public transport is a tourist attraction with time, space and social meaning for tourists.
Verticillium dahliae Asp1 regulates the transition from vegetative growth to asexual reproduction by modulating microtubule dynamic organization
Authors: Tian Juan , Pu Mengli , Chen Bin , Wang Guangda , Li Chunli , Zhang Xiaxia , Yu Yanjun , Wang Zhi , Kong Zhaosheng
Published: December 2022

Verticillium dahliae is a devastating pathogenic fungus that causes severe vascular wilts in more than 400 dicotyledonous plants. The conidiation of V. dahliae in plant vascular tissues is the key strategy for its adaptation to the nutrient‐poor environment and is required for its pathogenicity. However, it remains unclear about the regulatory mechanism of conidium production of V. dahliae in vascular tissues. Here, we found that VdAsp1, encoding an inositol polyphosphate kinase, is indispensable for the pathogenicity of V. dahliae. Loss of VdAsp1 function does not affect the invasion of the host, but it impairs the colonization and proliferation in vascular tissues. The ΔVdAsp1 mutant shows defective initiation of conidiophore formation and reduced expression of genes associated with the central developmental pathway. By live‐cell imaging, we observed that some of ΔVdAsp1 mutant hyphae are swollen, and microtubule arrangements at the apical region of these hyphae are disorganized. These results indicate that VdAsp1 regulates the transition from vegetative growth to asexual reproduction by modulating microtubule dynamic organization, which is essential for V. dahliae to colonize and proliferate in vascular tissues. These findings provided a potential new direction in the control of vascular wilt pathogen by targeting conidium production in vascular tissues.
Implementing online position monitoring for prostate radiotherapy using an in‐house position monitoring system: User experience and impact on workforce
Authors: Cardoso Michael , Sidhom Mark , Udovitch Mark , Young Tony , Arumugam Sankar
Published: December 2022

Introduction

To evaluate the feasibility of prostate intrafraction motion monitoring using the SeedTracker real‐time image guidance system in order to improve targeting accuracy in prostate radiotherapy.

Methods

SeedTracker was used to monitor prostate gold fiducial seeds with kV x‐ray imaging during radiotherapy in 30 patients. Feedback from radiation therapists was collected via the use of a user evaluation form. The impact on treatment time was established by using a record and verify system. The effective dose and a risk of exposure‐induced cancer death (REID) were estimated for a 60‐year‐old patient when using the SeedTracker system.

Results

A total of 22 radiation therapists completed user evaluation forms. The time taken to prepare a reference data set for one patient varied with three (13.6%) radiation therapists taking less than 2 min, 10 (45.5%) between 2 and 4 min, eight (36.4%) between 4 and 6 min and one (4.5%) between 6 and 8 min. The useability of the SeedTracker system was reported as ‘easy’ by 21 (95.5%) radiation therapists and ‘hard’ by 1 (4.5%) radiation therapist. Mean treatment time changed from 6 to 7 min with prostate‐only radiotherapy treatment and from 6.9 to 10.2 min with prostate and whole pelvis radiotherapy treatments. The maximum effective dose with the SeedTracker was 1.6276 mSv, and increase in REID was 0.007%.

Conclusion

The SeedTracker real‐time image guidance system is a feasible tool to use in radiotherapy departments to monitor and correct for prostate intrafraction motion.
Patient and public involvement in contemporary large intensive care trials: A meta‐epidemiological study
Authors: Estrup Stine , Barot Emily , Mortensen Camilla Bekker , Anthon Carl Thomas , Crescioli Elena , Kjær Maj‐Brit Nørregaard , Vesterlund Gitte Kingo , Bruun Camilla Rahbek Lysholm , Collet Marie Oxenbøll , Rasmussen Bodil Steen , Sivapalan Praleene , Poulsen Lone Musaeus , Møller Morten Hylander , Perner Anders , Granholm Anders
Published: December 2022

Background

Patient and public involvement in randomised clinical trials has received increased focus, including in intensive care trials, but the frequency, method and extent is unknown. This meta‐epidemiological study investigated patient and public involvement in contemporary, large ICU trials.

Methods

We systematically searched PubMed for large (≥225 randomised patients), contemporary trials (published between 1 January 2019 and 31 January 2022) assessing interventions in adult patients in ICU settings. Abstracts and full‐text articles were assessed independently and in duplicate. Data were extracted using a pre‐defined, pilot‐tested data extraction form with details on trials, patient and public involvement including categories and numbers of individuals involved, methods of involvement, and trial stage(s) with involvement. Trials authors were contacted as necessary.

Results

We included 100 trials, with 18 using patient and public involvement; these were larger and conducted in more centres than trials without patient and public involvement. Among trials with patient and public involvement, patients (in 14/18 trials), clinicians (13 trials), and family members (12 trials) were primarily involved, mainly in the development of research design (15 trials) and development of research focus (13 trials) stages and mostly by discussion (12 trials) and solo interviews (10 trials). A median of 65 individuals (range 1–6894) were involved.

Conclusions

We found patient and public involvement in a fifth of large, contemporary ICU trials. Primarily patients, families, and clinicians were included, particularly in the trial planning stages and mostly through interviews and discussions. Increased patient and public involvement in ICU trials is warranted.
Impact of outward foreign direct investment on employment volatility: Evidence from China
Authors: Cen Yuting , Dong Nannan
Published: December 2022

Does outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) help stabilize employment in the home country? This paper studies the relationship between the volatility of employment growth and the OFDI of a firm using matched data of Chinese firms from 2000 to 2019. The empirical analysis shows that employment in OFDI firms is less volatile than that in non‐OFDI firms. For firms in the eastern coastal areas of China, OFDI has a more obvious effect in restraining employment volatility. OFDI is also conducive to reducing employment volatility for firms that conduct OFDI in Asian, European, and American countries. Firms in the service sector conducting OFDI see a greater reduction in employment volatility. In addition, OFDI affects employment volatility mainly through the channels of technological innovation and production transfers. This study recommends that the government enact reforms in the domestic market to encourage more firms in China to invest.
Bringing Indonesia into the global welfare regime debate: A literature review and future research agenda
Authors: Yuda Tauchid Komara , Kühner Stefan
Published: December 2022

Studies on welfare state regimes have been dominated by consideration of rich OECD/European and increasingly East Asian countries/territories, leaving South Asian cases such as Indonesia underexplored. The few existing studies that have explicitly tried to conceptualize the Indonesian welfare regime have resulted in little consensus. To address the resulting lack of clarity, this article reviews scholarly articles relevant to bringing Indonesia into the global welfare regime debate, specifically encapsulating how the country has been classified compared with its East Asia counterparts. Accordingly, we find that existing studies have mainly concentrated on the Indonesian health care and social protection expansion, which has led authors to conclude that this evolution demonstrates Indonesia's transition away from welfare productivism. By contrast, we argue that Indonesia's productivist characteristics have largely prevailed while informal networks, clientelism, strong families, and the limited effectiveness of the civil society movement created a specific social politics in Indonesia. We thus conclude that the causal mechanisms typically attributed to welfare development in more developed welfare geographies, including East Asia, cannot fully explain the evident institutional formation in the Indonesian case. The future research agenda for studying the welfare regimes in Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries is discussed.
CXCR4 antagonists disrupt leukaemia‐meningeal cell adhesion and attenuate chemoresistance
Authors: Jonart Leslie M. , Ostergaard Jason , Brooks Athena , Fitzpatrick Garrett , Chen Liam , Gordon Peter M.
Published: December 2022

The effective prophylaxis and treatment of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) remains a significant clinical challenge. Developing novel and more effective CNS‐directed therapies has been hampered, in part, by our limited understanding of the leukaemia niche in the CNS relative to the bone marrow. Accordingly, defining the molecular and cellular components critical for the establishment and maintenance of the CNS leukaemia niche may lead to new therapeutic opportunities. In prior work we showed that direct intercellular interactions between leukaemia and meningeal cells enhance leukaemia chemoresistance in the CNS. Herein, we show that the CXCR4/CXCL12 chemokine axis contributes to leukaemia‐meningeal cell adhesion. Importantly, clinically tested CXCR4 antagonists, which are likely to cross the blood–brain and blood‐cerebral spinal fluid barriers and penetrate the CNS, effectively disrupted leukaemia‐meningeal cell adhesion. Moreover, by disrupting these intercellular interactions, CXCR4 antagonists attenuated leukaemia chemoresistance in leukaemia‐meningeal cell co‐culture experiments and enhanced the efficacy of cytarabine in targeting leukaemia cells in the meninges in vivo. This work identifies the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis as an important regulator of intercellular interactions within the CNS leukaemia niche and supports further testing of the therapeutic efficacy of CXCR4 antagonists in overcoming CNS niche‐mediated chemoresistance.
Design and application of a customizable relational DataBase to assess clinicopathological correlations and concomitant pathology in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Journe‐Mallet Isabelle , Gouju Julien , Etcharry‐Bouyx Frédérique , Chauvire Valérie , Guillet‐Pichon Virginie , Scherer‐Gagou Clarisse , Prundean Adriana , Godard Sophie , Lecluse Aldéric , Cassereau Julien , Verny Christophe , Letournel Franck , Codron Philippe
Published: December 2022

The diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases is made complex by the heterogenous phenotype of the patients and the regular occurrence of concomitant pathology. Studying clinicopathological correlations in autopsy series is a central approach to improve pathological prediction in clinical practice. However, such method requires a wealth of information, and the use of standard spreadsheet software is hardly suitable. To overcome this constraint, we designed a customizable and freely available neuropathology form with 456 data entry fields driven by an open‐source DataBase Management Systems (DBMS) using Structured Query Language (SQL). This approach allowed us to optimize the compilation of clinical and pathological data from our brain collection (264 autopsied patients, 22,885 data points). Information was then easily retrieved using general and specific queries, facilitating the analysis of demographics, clinicopathological correlations, and incidental and concomitant proteinopathies. Tau, amyloid‐β and α‐synuclein incidental pathology was observed in respectively 78.1%, 42.8%, and 10.7% of all the patients. These proportions increased with age, reaching 100% for Tau pathology after 80. Concomitant proteinopathy was observed in 46.4% of the patients diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases and prion disease. We observed a particularly high rate of co‐pathology in patients with Dementia with Lewy bodies (81.3% of associated Tau and amyloid‐β pathology) and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (68.4% of associated Tau pathology). Finally, we used specific queries to identify old cases that could meet newly defined neuropathological criteria and revised the diagnosis of a 90‐year‐old patient to LATE Stage 2. Increasing our understanding of clinicopathological correlations in neurodegenerative diseases is crucial given the implications in clinical diagnosis, biomarker identification and targeted therapies assessment. The precise characterization of clinical and pathological data of autopsy series remains a central approach but the large amount of generated data should encourage a more systematic use of DBMS.
Positive effects of ketogenic diet on weight control in children with obesity due to Prader–Willi syndrome
Authors: Teke Kısa Pelin , Güzel Orkide , Arslan Nur , Demir Korcan
Published: December 2022

Objective

Prader–Willi Syndrome (PWS) is the most common genetic cause of obesity. Prevention and management of obesity, which represents the main cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients, is essential. Ketogenic diet (KD) is used in the treatment of various disorders, however knowledge of its effect in PWS is lacking. The present study assesses the characteristics of patients with PWS who were on KD.

Design and Patients

This is a retrospective, cross‐sectional descriptive study investigating the subjects with PWS, who had received KD for at least 6 months.

Results

Ten patients with PWS [median age 52.5 (47–77) months] complied with KD. The median treatment period was 16.5 [11–52] months. Of the daily calorie, 75%–85% were from fat, and 15%–25% from protein + carbohydrate. The baseline body weight standard deviation (SD) score before diet therapy was 2.10 [−1.11–4.11], whereas it was 0.05 [−0.92–1.2] at final evaluation (p = .007). The baseline median BMI SD score before diet therapy was 3.05 [−0.21–3.72], whereas it was 0.41 [−0.87–1.57] at final evaluation (p = .002). The height SD score remained unchanged. Mild hypercholesterolaemia was the most common biochemical abnormality during treatment with KD.

Conclusion

Our results indicate that KD might have a favourable effect on weight management in PWS.