bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fault Tolerant List Scheduler for Time-Triggered Communication in Time-Sensitive Networks
Authors:   University of Siegen, 57068 Siegen, Germany, Pahlevan Maryam , Amin Sarah , Obermaisser Roman
Published: October 2021

The performance and dependability of modern mission-critical systems significantly depends on the communication infrastructure. In this context, the Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) task group addressed different requirements of cyber-physical systems such as timing and reliability constraints. TSN provides real-time capabilities through sharing a global time reference and employing transmission schedule tables called Gate Control Lists (GCL). On the other hand, TSN masks faulty behaviors within a system through a technique called Frame Replication and Elimination for Reliability (FRER). FRER fulfills the safety requirements of mission-critical systems by message replication and transmission of message replicas over redundant paths. The scheduling problem for the GCL synthesis is NP-complete. For simplification of the scheduling process, several state-of-the-art solutions provide schedulers for fault-free networks. However, this assumption is very optimistic and in practice networks experience different faulty-behaviors over time. This paper extends our heuristic TSN scheduler which was developed for fault-free TSN systems to support the FRER mechanism. Our fault-tolerant TSN scheduler focuses on enhancing the reliability of a mission-critical system while meeting the deadlines of time-critical jobs. To achieve this goal, we introduce a novel reliability analysis approach for a mission-critical system with a TSN communication infrastructure. This approach models and evaluates the reliability of a system based on the reliability of message transmissions between safety-critical jobs. The reliability of message transmissions is computed based on the reliability of the network components that form the forwarding paths. Thereby, our reliability model enables the system designers to plan networks more optimally.
WLAN Interference Identification Using a Convolutional Neural Network for Factory Environments
Authors:   Wave Engineering Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International (ATR), 2-2-2, Hikaridai, Soraku, Seika, Kyoto, 619-0288, Japan, Webber Julian , Yano Kazuto , Suga Norisato , Hou Yafei , Nii Eiji , Higashimori Toshihide , Mehbodniya Abolfazl , Suzuki Yoshinori
Published: October 2021

Factory communication systems require highly re- liable links with predictable performance and quality of service in order to avoid outages that can damage the production-line process. Communication anomalies can be caused by narrowband interference which is difficult to identify and track from the time- domain information only. This paper describes a methodology for classifying increasing severity and types of interference in order to improve throughput prediction. Received signal strength (RSS) data is collected from both a ray-tracing simulation and a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) measurement campaign with a transmitter mounted on an actual automated guided vehicle (AGV). Scalogram time-frequency images are computed from the RSS signal and a convolutional neural network (CNN) is then trained to recognize the spectral features and enable the interference classification. The block random interference could be correctly classified on over 65% of the occasions in the ray- traced channel at 30 dB SNR.
Handover Decision for V2V Communication in VANET Based on Moving Average Slope of RSS
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia, Alam Sahirul , Sulistyo Selo , Mustika I Wayan , Adrian Ronald
Published: October 2021

In a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), the nodes have very high mobility and hence, it is an important challenge to maintain the quality of communication. Due to the mobility, the vehicle nodes should perform handover from one infrastructure to another. Thus, the better quality of signal can be obtained. In vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication, the nodes may experience more frequent handover than in vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication. Frequent handover can aggravate the networks especially in routing process, since the network topology is also changed when a handover occurred. Moreover, the network resources are also used for handover process and hence the communication overhead increases. In this paper, a handover decision method is proposed to reduce the handover rate in V2V communication while maintaining the quality of signal. The proposed method utilizes the moving average slope of received signal strength (MAS-RSS) and signal to noise ratio (SNR) threshold in handover decision process. The MAS-RSS technique is used to observe the trend of RSS fluctuation and hence the handover can be decided adaptively with the change of the network condition. As the result, the handover rate can be reduced without causing the significant decrease of SNR average compared to the ordinary RSS based handover decision method.
Evaluation of Free Space Optics Uplink Availability to LEO Satellite Using Climatic Data in Cairo
Authors:   Department of Electrical Communications, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Currently at Delta University, Gamasa, Egypt, Zaghloul Adel , Shaalan Abdalhameed A. , Kasban H. , Ashraf Amal
Published: October 2021

Free space optics uplink to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite with 500Km distance and 1.55μm wavelength is evaluated with 10Gbps data rate and 70W transmitted power. The equivalent effects for all weather parameters are given by the measured visibility used to determine the weather attenuations by using Mie-Scattering, in this proposed. These high attenuations reduce the availability performance of the FSO uplink. The scintillation (Cn2) had estimated using a compatible model of Cairo weather, and the turbulence effect (beam divergence) becomes very weak by using the aperture diameter of the receiver higher than the maximum optical spot size due to turbulence and divergence. During the year 2019, the visibility must be greater than 5Km, and weak scintillation turbulence is Cn2<0.00566∗10−16 m-2/3at distance 500Km. The availability evaluations based on predicted attenuation due to weather and turbulence using data measured in Cairo and the effects of all parameters on the performance of FSO are discussed. The required transmitted power must be related to the expected visibility. In year 2019, the availability of link becomes 99.9945%.
A New Adaptive Frame Aggregation Method for Downlink WLAN MU-MIMO Channels
Authors:   School of Information and Software Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology China (UESTC), Chengdu, 610054, China, Kassa Lemlem , Davis Mark , Cai Jingye , Deng Jianhua
Published: October 2021

Accommodating the heterogeneous traffic demand among streams in the downlink MU-MIMO channel is among the challenges that affect the transmission efficiency since users in the channel do not always have the same traffic demand. Consequently, it is feasible to adjust the frame size to maximize the system throughput. The existing adaptive aggregation solutions do not consider the effects of different traffic scenarios and they use a Poison traffic model which is inadequate to represent the real network traffic scenarios, thus leading to suboptimal solutions. In this study, we propose some adaptive aggregation strategies which employ a novel dynamic adaptive aggregation policy selection algorithm in addressing the challenges of heterogenous traffic demand in the downlink MU-MIMO channel. Different traffic models are proposed to emulate real world traffic scenarios in the network and to analyze the proposed aggregation polices with respect to various traffic models. Finally, through simulation, we demonstrate the performance of our adaptive algorithm over the baseline FIFO aggregation approach in terms of system throughput performance and channel utilization in achieving the optimal frame size of the system.
Analysis of Cross-Ocean Microwave Communication Systems Using Point-To-Point, Space Diversity and Hybrid Diversity Configurations
Authors:   Manajemen Teknik Studio Produksi, Sekolah Tinggi Multi Media “MMTC”, D.I. Yogyakarta 55284, Indonesia, Wahyudin Ade , Hikmaturokhman Alfin
Published: October 2021

Microwave communication is still important to use in the backhaul network of telecommunications systems because it can reach remote areas that are difficult to reach by cable technology. One of the implementations is cross-ocean backhaul communication which is widely applied in the archipelago. So, to reach the remote areas, proper backhaul network planning is required. A point-to-point microwave transmission network can be a solution to reach remote areas of islands separated by oceans. The problem that occurs is that the multipath fading on the ocean route is quite large so that to overcome this we need a diversity technique. There are various diversity configurations such as space, frequency, and a combination of both or Hybrid. Based on the simulation and theoretical calculations, concluded that point-to-point configuration producing the quality of communication below the standards set by the ITU-R (ITU-T G.821). The use of space diversity and hybrid diversity provided a significant increase in the quality of communication both in terms of availability, un-availability, and fading margin.
Enhancement of LEACH Based on K-means Algorithm and Stochastic Optimization
Authors:   Faculty of Electronics, Hanoi University of Industry, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam, Viet Tuyen Nguyen , Quynh Trang Pham Thi , Thi Hang Duong
Published: October 2021

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), maximizing the life of the Sensor Nodes (SNs), and energy conservation measures are essential to enhance the performance of the WSNs. A Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) routing protocol has been proposed specifically for WSNs to increase the network lifetime. However, in LEACH protocol the criteria for clustering and selecting Cluster Heads (CHs) nodes were not mentioned. Accordingly, researchers have been focusing on ways to strengthen the LEACH algorithm to make it more efficient. In this paper, we propose to improve the LEACH protocol by combining the use of K-means algorithm for clustering and Slime Mould Algorithm (SMA), a new stochastic optimization to select nodes as CHs. The proposed routing algorithm, called SMA-LEACH, is superior to other algorithms, namely PSO-LEACH, BA-LEACH, which using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Bat Algorithm (BA) to improve LEACH, respectively. Simulation analysis shows that the SMA-LEACH obviously reduces network energy consumption and extends the lifetime of WSNs.
Miguel de Quintana, maestro cantero, arquitecto y escultor en la Sevilla del siglo XVIII.
Authors: Falcón Márquez Teodoro
Published: October 2021

Miguel de Quintana fue un cantero de Cantabria que se estableció en Sevilla en el primer tercio del siglo XVIII. Aquí llegó a ser maestro cantero de la catedral, y trabajó con Leonardo y Matías de Figueroa en los más importantes edificios barrocos de la ciudad, especialmente en el antiguo convento de la Merced (Museo de Bellas Artes), en el Colegio Seminario de San Telmo y en la iglesia de Santa Catalina. Su obra más importante es la portada del actual Museo de Bellas Artes de Sevilla.
La iglesia de santa María Magdalena de Sevilla: organología e iconografía musical.
Authors: Rodríguez Oliva Mª del Carmen
Published: October 2021

El tema de este estudio es el análisis de la iconografía y la organología de la parroquia de Santa María Magdalena de Sevilla. Nos acercaremos a los instrumentos musicales que aparecen y accederemos a conocer la estructura, construcción, perfeccionamiento o formas de “hacer música” en dicha iglesia. En nuestra opinión, un instrumento musical funciona como un atributo para identificar la obra de arte y su iconografía. Estas representaciones suelen proporcionar gran exactitud de la instrumentación garantizando las prácticas interpretativas, aunque a veces prevalece el valor estético sobre la autenticidad instrumental y sonora. Se propone una reflexión no solo sobre pinturas o esculturas, sino también sobre los diferentes espacios donde se intuye una actividad musical singular de la parroquia.
Fernando Palatín en el ambiente cultural sevillano y francés: testimonios artísticos de su reconocimiento como músico.
Authors: Justo-Estebaranz Ángel , Muñoz-Torrero Santos Rafael
Published: October 2021

Fernando Palatín y Garfias (1852-1927) es el violinista sevillano más destacado de su época, con una importante carrera como concertista, compositor, director y docente. En este trabajo se estudian las obras de arte dedicadas al músico, realizadas por conocidos artistas coetáneos, en el ámbito sevillano y en Francia. Se aportan fuentes documentales y hemerográficas que ponen de manifiesto la popularidad de Palatín, así como el respeto ganado en el ambiente musical. Se presentan varias pinturas y una escultura inéditas, y se analizan otras que habían sido dadas a conocer previamente, pero sin profundizar en su iconografía musical y en la relación de diversos artistas e instituciones con el músico sevillano.
Practitioners' self-worth
Authors: Esnard Kim
Published: October 2021

Do you have something to share, reflect on or provoke thinking around? Write to the editor: angelica.celinska@markallengroup.com
It's time we challenge and reform ‘British values’
Authors: Marycz Adam
Published: October 2021

As part of the new EYFS, I've been working on my own curriculum for my setting, and there has been a lot to consider. I believe one of the biggest benefits of this reset and the freedom it provides us is the opportunity to re-evaluate ‘British values’.
Journeying through the night
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: October 2021

Exploring night-time adventures, experiences, feelings, and creatures through stories and discussion.
The draining surgical wound post total hip and knee arthroplasty: what are my options? A narrative review
Authors: Almeida Richard Peter , Mokete Lipalo , Sikhauli Nkhodiseni , Sekeitto Allan Roy , Pietrzak Jurek
Published: October 2021

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are successful orthopaedic procedures with an ever-increasing demand annually worldwide, and persistent wound drainage (PWD) is a well-known complication following these procedures. Despite many definitions for PWD having been proposed, a validated description remains elusive. PWD is a risk factor for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). PJI is a devastating complication of THA and TKA, and a leading cause of revision surgery with dramatic morbidity and mortality and a significant burden on health socioeconomics. Prevention of PJI has become an essential focus in THA and TKA. Understanding the pathophysiology, risk factors and subsequent management of PWD may aid in decreasing the rate of PJI. Risk factors of PWD can be divided into modifiable and non-modifiable patient risk factors, pharmacological and surgical risk factors. No gold standard treatment protocol to address PWD exists; however, non-operative options progressing to surgical interventions have been described. The aim of this study was to review the current literature regarding PWD and consolidate the risk factors and management strategies available.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:872-880. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200054
Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) versus open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for displaced three-part or four-part proximal humeral fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Suroto Heri , De Vega Brigita , Deapsari Fani , Prajasari Tabita , Wibowo Pramono Ari , Samijo Steven K.
Published: October 2021

Despite rapid medical technology development, various challenges exist in three- and four-part proximal humeral fracture (PHF) management. This condition has led to a notably increased use of the reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA); however, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is still the most widely performed procedure. Thus, these two modalities are crucial and require further discussion. We aim to compare the outcomes of three- or four-part PHF surgeries using ORIF and RTSA based on direct/head-to-head comparative studies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis based on the Cochrane handbook and PRISMA guidelines. We searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Ovid), and CENTRAL (Cochrane Library) from inception to October 2020. Our protocol was registered at PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020214681). We assessed the individual study risk of bias using ROB 2 and ROBINS-I tools, then appraised our evidence using the GRADE approach. Six head-to-head comparative studies were included, comprising one RCT and five retrospective case-control studies. We found that RTSA significantly improved forward flexion but was comparable to ORIF in abduction (p = 0.03 and p = 0.47, respectively) and more inferior in external rotation (p < 0.0001). Moreover, RTSA improved the overall Constant-Murley score, but the difference was not significant (p = 0.22). Interestingly, RTSA increased complications (by 42%) but reduced the revision surgery rates (by 63%) compared to ORIF (p = 0.04 and p = 0.02, respectively). RTSA is recommended to treat patients aged 65 years or older with a three- or four-part PHF. Compared to ORIF, RTSA resulted in better forward flexion and Constant-Murley score, equal abduction, less external rotation, increased complications but fewer revision surgeries.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:941-955. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210049
Implementation of an enhanced recovery protocol at a safety net hospital
Authors: Taylor Adam J. , Kay Robert D. , Tye Erik Y. , Bryman Jason A. , Longjohn Donald , Najibi Soheil , Runner Robert P.
Published: October 2021

Aims

This study aimed to evaluate whether an enhanced recovery protocol (ERP) for arthroplasty established during the COVID-19 pandemic at a safety net hospital can be associated with a decrease in hospital length of stay (LOS) and an increase in same-day discharges (SDDs) without increasing acute adverse events.

Methods

A retrospective review of 124 consecutive primary arthroplasty procedures performed after resuming elective procedures on 11 May 2020 were compared to the previous 124 consecutive patients treated prior to 17 March 2020, at a single urban safety net hospital. Revision arthroplasty and patients with < 90-day follow-up were excluded. The primary outcome measures were hospital LOS and the number of SDDs. Secondary outcome measures included 90-day complications, 90-day readmissions, and 30day emergency department (ED) visits.

Results

The mean LOS was significantly reduced from 2.02 days (SD 0.80) in the pre-COVID cohort to 1.03 days (SD 0.65) in the post-COVID cohort (p < 0.001). No patients in the pre-COVID group were discharged on the day of surgery compared to 60 patients (48.4%) in the post-COVID group (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in 90-day complications (13.7% (n = 17) vs 9.7% (n = 12); p = 0.429), 30-day ED visits (1.6% (n = 2) vs 3.2% (n = 4); p = 0.683), or 90-day readmissions (2.4% (n = 3) vs 1.6% (n = 2); p = 1.000) between the pre-COVID and post-COVID groups, respectively.

Conclusion

Through use of an ERP, arthroplasty procedures were successfully resumed at a safety net hospital with a shorter LOS and increased SDDs without a difference in acute adverse events. The resulting increase in healthcare value therefore may be considered a ‘silver lining’ to the moratorium on elective arthroplasty during the COVID-19 pandemic. These improved efficiencies are expected to continue in post-pandemic era. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(10):871–878.
Emotions and the policy process: enthusiasm, anger and fear
Authors: Pierce Jonathan J.
Published: October 2021

Emotions affect how we think and behave and should be better incorporated into theories and frameworks of the policy process. Most research on emotions in the policy process relies on a dimensional model of emotions. However, over the past 20 years, research has found that dimensional approaches are limited compared to using categories of emotions. This article discusses theories of emotion, focusing on the theory of constructed emotion, and how emotion is studied in politics and policy. It then discusses the characteristics of enthusiasm, anger and fear, as well as the effects these emotions have on attention and information processing, risk perception, judgement and persuasion, and political participation and group behaviour. The article concludes by exploring how these emotions can be used by theories and frameworks of the policy process to better understand how emotions have an impact on attention to public problems, judging target populations and characters, and mobilise advocacy coalitions.
Neighbours, neighbouring and acquaintanceship: in dialogue with David Morgan
Authors: May Vanessa , Holmes Helen , Hall Sarah Marie
Published: October 2021

In 2012, David Morgan gave a talk titled ‘Neighbours, neighbouring and acquaintanceship: some further thoughts’ at the University of Turku, Finland. In this article we engage in dialogue with Morgan’s talk, as well as his 2009 book Acquaintances, in particular the observations he made about the simultaneous closeness and distance that characterises neighbouring relationships. We suggest that using the metaphors of elasticity and stickiness instead allows us to explore neighbouring relationships as more than inhabiting a space between intimates and strangers (Morgan, 2009), but as textured and messy everyday relationalities. We consider also how the ‘stickiness’ of this relationship as well as the significance of its ‘elasticity’ are likely to have been heightened during COVID-19 lockdowns, which have altered the usual configurations of intimate and stranger relationships. In doing so, our aim is to contribute further to Morgan’s theorising of the nature of neighbouring as a specific form of acquaintanceship.
One-dimensional scanning multiphoton imaging reveals prolonged calcium transient and sarcomere contraction in a zebrafish model of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity
Authors: Chao Yu Kai , Liau Ian
Published: October 2021

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent chemotherapeutic agent known to induce cardiotoxicity. Here we applied one-dimensional scanning multiphoton imaging to investigate the derangement of cardiac dynamics induced by DOX on a zebrafish model. DOX changed the cell morphology and significantly prolonged calcium transient and sarcomere contraction, leading to an arrhythmia-like contractile disorder. The restoration phase of calcium transient dominated the overall prolongation, indicating that DOX perturbed primarily the protein functions responsible for recycling cytosolic calcium ions. This novel finding supplements the existing mechanism of DOX cardiotoxicity. We anticipate that this approach should help mechanistic studies of drug-induced cardiotoxicity or heart diseases.
Effects of high intensity non-ionizing terahertz radiation on human skin fibroblasts
Authors: Sitnikov Dmitry S. , Ilina Inna V. , Revkova Veronika A. , Rodionov Sergey A. , Gurova Svetlana A. , Shatalova Rimma O. , Kovalev Alexey V. , Ovchinnikov Andrey V. , Chefonov Oleg V. , Konoplyannikov Mikhail A. , Kalsin Vladimir A. , Baklaushev Vladimir P.
Published: October 2021

For the first time, the data have been obtained on the effects of high-intensity terahertz (THz) radiation (with the intensity of 30 GW/cm2, electric field strength of 3.5 MV/cm) on human skin fibroblasts. A quantitative estimation of the number of histone Н2АХ foci of phosphorylation was performed. The number of foci per cell was studied depending on the irradiation time, as well as on the THz pulse energy. The performed studies have shown that the appearance of the foci is not related to either the oxidative stress (the cells preserve their morphology, cytoskeleton structure, and the reactive oxygen species content does not exceed the control values), or the thermal effect of THz radiation. The prolonged irradiation of fibroblasts also did not result in a decrease of their proliferative index.
Highly Sensitive Resonant Dielectric Metagrating Sensors
Authors: Aoni Rifat Ahmmed , Manjunath Shridhar , Karawdeniya Buddini I. , Kamali Khosro Z. , Xu Lei , Damry Adam , Jackson Colin , Tricoli Antonio , Miroshnichenko Andrey , Rahmani Mohsen , Neshev Dragomir
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate the novel concept of resonant dielectric metagrating sensors, which exhibit enhanced sensitivity and robustness to source intensity. Using this platform, we experimentally shows exceptional refractive index and bio-molecular sensitivity.
Squeeze Free Space Using Nonlocal Flat Optics
Authors: Guo Cheng , Wang Haiwen , Fan Shanhui
Published: October 2021

We show that free space can be substituted with nonlocal flat optics with a wavevector-dependent transfer function. We provide a concrete photonic crystal slab de- vice, which can substitute free space of 144 times greater thickness.
Towards Arbitrary Spatiotemporal Pulse Shaping
Authors: Chen Lu , Zhu Wenqi , Huo Pengcheng , Song Junyeob , Strait Jared , Zhang Cheng , Lezec Henri J. , Xu Ting , Agrawal Amit
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate arbitrary control of femtosecond timescale complex electrical-field transients using dielectric metasurfaces, enabling temporal vectorial ultrafast pulses with rich instantaneous polarization states and a simultaneously tailored spatial wavefront.
Nanostructured Gratings to Control Optical Phase, Polarization, and Appearance
Authors: Lalanne Philippe
Published: October 2021

Researches aiming at controlling optical diffraction by high-index nanostructured surfaces, also called optical metasurfaces nowadays, is 20-30 years old [1]. In this talk, I will focus on optical metasurfaces composed of arrayed resonant meta-atoms and emphasize two aspects: fundamental limitations and appearance design.
Dynamic Flat Optical Devices Realized by Doped Semiconductors and Functional Liquid Crystals
Authors: Kim Inki , Rho Junsuk
Published: October 2021

In this abstract, dynamic flat optical devices with tunable materials like doped semiconductors and functional liquid crystals have been demonstrated such as tunable color filters and stimuli-responsive dynamic metaholograms for advanced display and sensor applications.
Tunable Achromatic Circular Waveplates by Shifting Cascaded Metagratings
Authors: Wang Evan W. , Fan Jonathan A.
Published: October 2021

We introduce the concept of displacement phase – a phase shift resulting from horizontal movements of a grating. We utilize this phenomenon to design a tunable achromatic circular waveplate from two topology-optimized geometric phase metagratings.
Power Handling Requirements for Beam Steering Metasurfaces in Ranging and Communications
Authors: Sokhoyan Ruzan , Grajower Meir Y. , Thureja Prachi , Atwater Harry A.
Published: October 2021

We theoretically investigate power handling capabilities of gate-tunable conducting oxide metasurfaces, which are illuminated with high-power laser beams. We determine irradiances a metasurface should be able to withstand to be used in practical applications.
Meta-optical computational imaging systems for large aperture, aberration-free imaging
Authors: Majumdar Arka
Published: October 2021

By exploiting computational backend, coupled with a designer meta-optics we demonstrate high-quality imaging using a single meta-optics. The aperture is currently 0.5-2mm, but can be extended to 10cm.
Meta-objective with sub-micrometer resolution for microendoscopes
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhuang Ze-Peng , Chen Ze-Ming , Fan Zhi-Bin , Chen Rui , He Xin-Tao , Jiang Shao-Ji , Zhao Fu-Li , Dong Jian-Wen
Published: October 2021

We developed a meta-objective with silicon nitride cascaded metalens. It can achieve sub-micrometer resolution (~ 0.8 μm) in wide (~ 100 μm) FOV. Combined with fiber bundle microscope system, the outline of biological cells can be clearly observed.
Lightguide design using flow-line concentrators
Authors: Sorgato Simone , Vervaeke Michael , Smeesters Lien , Geernaert Thomas , Thienpont Hugo , Van Erps Jürgen
Published: October 2021

We present a freeform lightguide comprising two 2D flow-line concentrators to achieve 45° acceptance angle in 3D, under particularly strict mechanical constraints. The design has been optimized for injection molding fabrication.
Freeform beam shaping optics design through reproducible ray-mapping and surface optimization
Authors: Madrid-Sánchez Alejandro , Duerr Fabian , Nie Yunfeng , Thienpont Hugo , Ottevaere Heidi
Published: October 2021

Freeform optics reveals many benefits for beam-shaping systems. We propose an approach by reproducible ray mapping functions and surface optimizations to significantly reduce the design complexity of freeform beam shaping optics.
Optical Design and Tolerance Analysis of a Three-Mirror Freeform Telescope for the MESSIER Surveyor Mission
Authors: Chang Seunghyuk , Han Jimin , Lee Sunwoo , Pak Soojong , Park Woojin , Kim Dae Wook , Kim Geon Hee , Lee Dae-Hee , Valls-Gabaud David
Published: October 2021

The optical design and the tolerance analysis of a 400mm-aperture, f/3, three-mirror freeform telescope for the MESSIER surveyor mission is presented. Due to its linear-astigmatism- free characteristic, the telescope provides a wide field of view. Also, the tolerance analysis indicates the manufacturing and the alignment of the telescope is achievable.
Position Tolerancing of Freeform Phase Plates for Variable Extended Depth of Field Imaging
Authors: Moein Sara , Suleski Thomas J.
Published: October 2021

We discuss and analyze the sensitivity to misalignment errors of a freeform phase plate pair designed to enable variable extended depth of field imaging. Methods and impacts of the errors on system performance are demonstrated.
Freeform illumination design on 3D target surfaces via a virtual irradiance transformation
Authors: Zhu Zhengbo , Wei Shili , Li Wenyi , Fan Zichao , Ma Donglin
Published: October 2021

Illumination optics design for 3D target is a challenging and rewarding issue. We develop a general method of freeform optics design to generate prescribed irradiance distributions on 3D target surfaces for zero-étendue sources.
Multiplexed metalens for integrated microoptical system
Authors: Jahns Jürgen , Helfert Stefan
Published: October 2021

The performance of dielectric dipoles with high refractive index is investigated for the implementation of a polarization-multiplexed metalens. Purpose is the implemention of two different phase profiles for two orthogonal polarization states.
Flat Optics Optical Function and Fabrication Process Characterization using Quadri-Wave Lateral Shearing Interferometry based Wavefront Sensor
Authors: Genuer Valentin , Laberdesque Romain , Wattellier Benoit
Published: October 2021

Wavefront sensor based on Quadriwave Lateral Shearing Interferometry is used to fully characterize flat optics and metasurfaces. It measures both the global optical function (phase shaping, MTF, PSF, …) but also the metastructure arrangement. © 2021 Valentin Genuer, Romain Laberdesque, Benoit Wattellier
The Manufacturing of a Zinc Selenide Toric Lens using Slow Slide Ultra-Precision Diamond Turning and Micro-LAM
Authors: Turnbull Robert , Bodlapati Charan , Zhong Yuxiang , Kang Di , Navare Jayesh , Shahinian Hossein
Published: October 2021

This paper summarizes the manufacturing of a toric lens using slow slide machining (SSM) and the µ-LAM process. The optic was made of Zinc-Selenide (ZnSe), with a roughness of 2 nm and form error of 350 nm.
Optical design of a hyperspectral imaging system using dispersion engineered metasurface
Authors: Billuart Jules , Héron Sébastien , Loiseaux Brigitte , Amra Claude , Lequime Michel
Published: October 2021

An optical metasurface with a diameter of 175 microns that simultaneously focuses and separates a continuum of wavelengths over a 100 nm bandwidth is presented. The evolution of the point spread function over 20 degrees of incidence makes this component suitable for hyperspectral imaging applications.
Development of Tungsten Carbide Mold by Diamond Turning Process
Authors: Mishra Vinod , Singh Hishwinder , Amir Md , Khan Gufran S.
Published: October 2021

In current work, the tungsten carbide mold insert is developed by diamond turning process followed by chemical mechanical polishing. The developed mold can be used for sustainable mass production of glass optics by molding.
High-Angular Resolution MEMS Optical Phased Array Beam Steering
Authors: Mohammad Tarek , He Siyuan , Ben Mrad Ridha
Published: October 2021

We present a MEMS based optical phased array that utilizes a pair of electrostatic lateral comb-drive actuators located at both sides of the pitch-varying array to generate in-plane motion of the surface-micromachined silicon micromirrors.
Deep learning enabled design of free-space and integrated nanophotonic devices
Authors: Muskens Otto L.
Published: October 2021

This presentation discusses new ways of designing nanophotonic devices using deep learning, including a generalized predictor of 3D internal fields in nanostructures and inverse design of complex scattering matrices in multimode silicon photonic waveguides.
Freeform grayscale electromagnetic metamaterials
Authors: Huang Qinglan , Gan Lucia T. , Chen Mingkun , Fan Jonathan A.
Published: October 2021

We introduce a freeform metamaterial with a subwavelength-scale distribution of grayscale dielectric constants as a new class of electromagnetic material that exploits all possible material degrees of freedom and achieves supreme optical performances.
A Deep Neural Network Near-Universal Dielectric Meta-Atom Generator
Authors: Fowler Clayton , An Sensong , Zheng Bowen , Li Hang , Tang Hong , Haerinia Mohammad , Dong Yunxi , Zhang Yifei , Shalaginov Mikhail Y. , Agarwal Anuradha Murthy , Rivero-Baleine Clara , Kang Myungkoo , Richardson Kathleen A. , Gu Tian , Hu Juejun , Zhang Hualiang
Published: October 2021

Dielectric meta-atoms enable ultra-thin optical devices but have complex electromagnetic responses. Neural networks mitigate the complexity but have had limited predictive scope. We present a network for near-arbitrary materials and spectral regimes.
Alignment of freeform mirrors for multi-element off-axis systems
Authors: Park Woojin
Published: October 2021

Practical and precision alignment procedures of freeform mirrors for multi-element off-axis systems are introduced. Sensitivity table method with a wavefront sensor and CMM are applied to calculate alignment errors in the assembly and integration stage.
Wavefront-based Optical Alignment of Confocal Off-Axis Freeform Reflective System
Authors: Lee Sunwoo , Park Woojin , Kim Yunjong , Chang Seunghyuk , Kim Sanghyuk , Kim Geon Hee , Kim Dae Wook , Pak Soojong
Published: October 2021

As the wavefront-based Zernike coefficients provide systematic information about optical aberrations, it can be utilized for optical alignment. Therefore, we introduce the sensitivity table alignment method to a two-mirror confocal off-axis system (tel: +82 10.7763.0431, e-mail:lsw@khu.ac.kr).
Parametric Tool Influence Function Size Optimization
Authors: Pullen Weslin C. , Wang Tianyi , Choi Heejoo , Ke Xiaolong , Huang Lei , Idir Mourad , Kim Dae Wook
Published: October 2021

To further increase the efficiency of deterministic optical fabrication, a parametric Tool Influence Function optimization method was developed to assist in the optimal tool size selection process based on any given surface error map.
Augmented reality (AR) display design based on freeform optics
Authors: Ivaniuk Anastasiia , Kalinina Anastasiia
Published: October 2021

This paper considers an AR display method design, the key element of which is a waveguide freeform surfaces, that serves as ophthalmic lens and is transmitting virtual image in the meantime.
Reconfigurable spot size converter for the silicon photonics integrated circuit
Authors: Zhang Yan , Liu Siyang , Zhai Wenhao , Peng Chao , Wang Zhewei , Feng Junbo , Guo Jin
Published: October 2021

Spot size converter (SSC) plays a role of paramount importance in the silicon photonics integrated circuit. In this article, we report the design of a reconfigurable spot size converter used in the hybrid integration of a DFB laser diode with a silicon photonic waveguide. Our SSC consists of subwavelength gratings and thermal phase shifters. Four subwavelength grating tips are used to improve horizontal misalignment tolerance. Meanwhile, the phase mismatch between two input waveguides is compensated by phase shifters to minimize insertion losses. Our simulated result has yielded a minimum insertion loss of 0.63 dB and an improvement of the horizontal misalignment from ±0.65 µm to ±1.69 µm for 1 dB excess insertion loss at the wavelength of 1310 nm. The phase shifters are designed to compensate any phase error in both the fabrication and bonding processes, which provides a completely new edge-coupling strategy for the silicon photonics integrated circuit.
Room-temperature continuous-wave external cavity interband cascade laser tunable from 3.2 to 3.6 µm
Authors: Giraud Etienne , Demolon Pierre , Gresch Tobias , Urio Loïc , Muller Antoine , Maulini Richard
Published: October 2021

We report on wide tuning of external cavity interband cascade lasers (EC-ICLs) in continuous-wave operation at room temperature. The antireflection coated ICL gain chips were tuned with a diffraction grating in the Littrow configuration. A tuning range of 313 cm−1 (360 nm) from 2789 cm−1 to 3102 cm−1 (3.22 to 3.58 µm) in continuous wave at 293 K was demonstrated with a 5 µm-wide, 1.5 mm-long gain chip. A maximum output power of 13 mW and a minimum threshold current of 62 mA were measured at the peak gain. The heat dissipation of the chip was 0.2 W at threshold and 0.8 W at the maximum current of 200 mA.
Cluster Mobile Fronthaul over WDM-PON with Remote Port Irrelevance Based on Cyclic-AWG and Coarse Filters
Authors: Cheng Ziyu , Guo Zidong , Zhu Yixiao , Hu Weisheng
Published: October 2021

A cluster mobile fronthaul over WDM-PON based on cyclic-AWG and coarse filters is presented, which largely decreases the number of ODN interfaces and drop fibers to base stations while maintains remote port irrelevance.
Orchestrating Circuit/Packet Switching for Fault-Tolerance in Hybrid Optical/Electrical Switched Data Center Networks
Authors: Hu Qiaojun , Wang Wei , Liu Tianhe , Li Yajie , Zhao Yongli , Zhang Jie
Published: October 2021

Optical circuit switching is a promising solution for hybrid optical/electrical switching in datacenter networks. We propose two fault-tolerance approaches for the partial circuit-based switching architecture, and results show they can improve the network resilience significantly.
Comparison of CPR Methods in Probabilistically-shaped Coherent Systems with MB/QMB Distributions
Authors: Ning Peiming , Fan Zhaoquan , Chen Lian-Kuan , Zhao Jian
Published: October 2021

We compare the performance of BPS, VVPE+ML, KL and PCA+BPS in probabilistically-shaped systems with MB or quasi-MB (QMB) distribution, and show that QMB improves the performance of all methods and is most suitable to PCA+BPS.
Performance Analysis of m-PSK/QAM Based on LDPC Code in Maritime Atmospheric Turbulence Channel
Authors: Yi Zhongli , Wang Fuzhai , Yang Zheng , Lin Shengmei , Wang Shanshan
Published: October 2021

A LDPC-coded m-PSK/QAM communication system over maritime atmospheric turbulence channel is investigated. The performances of LDPC coded and uncoded with different modulation in turbulence channels are discussed and the design and deployment suggestions are given.
Ultrafast Beam Steering User Localization in Optical Wireless Communication
Authors: Yue Yuanli , Wang Chao
Published: October 2021

An ultrafast user localization scheme in beam steering optical wireless communication based on real-time Fourier Transform is demonstrated. All-optical dispersive operation enables ultrafast and real-time user-specific wavelength identification overcoming bottleneck in digital signal processing.
Receiver Skew Compensation and Estimation based on Widely Linear Equalizer
Authors: Liang Junpeng , Wang Weiming
Published: October 2021

We propose a receiver skew monitor that based on the converged taps coefficients of widely linear equalizer, the monitor accuracy is comparable to the monitor based on 4x4 and 4x2 MIMO.
Challenge towards Ultimate Large MFD keeping G.657 A2 Macro Bending Loss Performances
Authors: Mukasa Kazunori
Published: October 2021

To realize as large MFD as possible keeping ITU-T G.657 A2 properties, trench-index fibers have been investigated. MFD of >9.3μm at 1310nm was realized. We also investigated applicability of this profile to thin diameter fibers.
Single-Photon Spin-Orbit Entangled States in Optical Fibers
Authors: Yang Li , Yang Ziyi , Xu Huaxing
Published: October 2021

Even and odd vector modes in optical fibers are represented with linear combinations of orbital angular momentum modes, and considered as single-photon spin-orbit entangled states. It renders generating such states with fiber structures possible.
Helical-structure sampled Bragg grating fabricated by femtosecond laser
Authors: Wang Xicheng , Wei Yefen , Zhuang Mingjuan , Wu Zhifang , Li Qiongyao , Wang Zhiyuan , Pu Jixiong
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate the fabrication of a novel helical-structure sampled fiber Bragg grating (HSFBG) by using femtosecond laser. The fabricated HSFBGs show comb-like spectra over 200 nm wavelength range. It is much wider than traditional sampled fiber Bragg gratings.
Analysis of Laser-induced Damage Threshold of Silica Optical Fiber Based on Finite Element Method
Authors: Zhu Yining , Hu Yingshi , Jia Baonan , Gao Yongpan , Lu Pengfei
Published: October 2021

Based on a Fokker-Plank equation and using finite element method, we calculated the laser-induced damage growth of silica optical fiber and its strong dependence of pulse width.
On-Chip Slot-Assisted Acousto-Optic Modulators Using X-Cut Thin-Film Lithium Niobate
Authors: Xu Yin , Yang Yang , Huang Dongmei , Li Feng , Dong Yue , Zhang Bo , Ni Yi
Published: October 2021

We develop on-chip slot-assisted acoustic-optic modulators based on X-cut thin-film lithium niobate that can achieve the total relative refractive index change of about 5.49×10-10, corresponding to the V
π
L about 0.0084 V·cm.
A Design for Ultra Wideband Vertical Microstrip–Microstrip Transition
Authors: Sun Shangbin , Chen Yuanxiang , Fu Jia , Han Ying , Huang Yongtao , Lin Shangjing , Yang Leijing , Zhu Hu , Zhao Xiaobo , Yu Jianguo
Published: October 2021

A design for broadband vertical transition structure based on cavity-coupled is presented in this paper. The proposed model has high bandwidth and low insertion loss. And more than 110% fractional bandwidth can be achieved.
Silicon-Based Mode-Order Converters Using Etching Slots on the Circular Waveguide
Authors: Qi Yi , Xu Yin , Huang Dongmei , Dong Yue , Zhang Bo , Ni Yi
Published: October 2021

We develop a silicon-based mode-order converter scheme using etching slots on the circular waveguide that can achieve the mode-order conversion from fundamental TE0 mode to higher-order TE1~TE3 modes in compact sizes and good performances.
A Metasurface Doublet for Compactly and Widely Zooming Imaging
Authors: Feng Xing , Wei Yunxuan , Wang Yuxi , Yang Zhenyu , Xia Jinsong
Published: October 2021

By changing the relative rotation between two metasurfaces, an adjustable metasurface doublet with a zoom factor ranging from 1 to 18 can be realized and used as a zoom imaging system.
Cascaded Higher-order Soliton Compression in Silicon Nanophotonic Wire Waveguide at 2.8 μm
Authors: Huang Jiayao , Ye Feng , Li Qian
Published: October 2021

We devise a silicon nanophotonic wire waveguide to realize mid-infrared cascaded higher-order soliton compression at 2.8 μm, which provides a high compression factor of 28.76. The compressed pulse remains hyperbolic secant pulse shape.
Cost evaluation of ROADM architectures in Spaced Division Multiplexed Elastic Optical Network
Authors: Wang Zhenhao , Yin Shan , Ding Sicong , Liu Lihao , Huang Shanguo
Published: October 2021

To evaluate the ROADM architectures comprehensively, this paper proposed cost evaluation models of Add/Drop structures, analyzed the cost of ROADMs based on the switching strategy of space division multiplexing and revealed the most cost-effective design.
Low crosstalk multi-mode crossing structure for multimode bound states in the continuum photonic circuits
Authors: Qin Yue , Wang Yi , Wan Yuanjian , Tsang Hon Ki , Wang Jian
Published: October 2021

We proposed and tested low loss and low crosstalk multimode waveguide crossing, using bound states in continuum on etchless silicon nitride wafer. The multimode channels intercrossed with each other with four TM mode with crosstalk below -20dB.
High Resolution On-chip Spectrometer Based On Si3N4 Microring Array
Authors: Kang Xinwen , Li Jiachen , Yang Sigang , Chen Hongwei , Chen Minghua
Published: October 2021

We implemented a high-resolution (0.1nm) on-chip spectrometer in C-band based on CMOS compatible silicon nitride microring array and convex optimized spectral reconstruction algorithm. The wide operation bandwidth and high precision make it promising in next generation optical communication network.
Self-locked optical parametric oscillation in a highly doped silica glass slot ring resonator
Authors: Li Guangkuo , Li Yuhua , Li Qian , Wang Shao Hao , Zhu Xiaotian , Davidson Roy , Little Brent E. , Chu Sai T.
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate a broadband optical parametric oscillation with a 200 GHz highly doped silica glass slot ring resonator by the self-locked scheme.
A compact nanobeam microcavity spectrometer assisted by computational reconstruction
Authors: Zhang Jiahui , Cheng Ziwei , Zhao Yuhe , Zhou Hailong , Gao Dingshan , Dong Jianji , Zhang Xinliang
Published: October 2021

A structure engineered spectrometer based on an ultra-compact photonic crystal nanobeam cavity array with a ~6 μm core length is proposed. We use computational algorithms for the reconstruction incident-light spectra around 1580 nm.
Programmable Multifunctional Plasmonic Waveguide System Using Coding Metamaterials
Authors: Dan Yihang , Zhang Tian , Dai Jian , Xu Kun
Published: October 2021

We propose a programmable multifunctional plasmonic waveguide system based on metal coding metamaterials (MCMs) and inverse design technology, which shows competitive and flexible performance and compact footprint for applying in highly integrated optical system.
Sensitivity Enhanced Distributed Brillouin Curvature Sensor based on Erbium-Doped Few-Mode Fiber
Authors: Xu Pengbai , Gao Zhensen , Shen Lei , Xu Ou , Dong Yongkang , Dong Xinyong , Fu Songnian , Yang Jun , Wang Yuncai , Qin Yuwen
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate a distributed Brillouin curvature sensor based on Erbium-doped few-mode fiber. The bending radius range is from 0.3 cm to 2.02 cm, corresponding BFS variation from 91.7 MHz to 9 MHz.
A Novel High-sensitivity Accelerometer Based on Dual FBGs
Authors: Wei Y. , Dai Y. T. , Liu W.M.
Published: October 2021

A novel high-sensitivity accelerometer based on dual FBGs is proposed. Through the optimization design, the eigenfrequency and sensitivity are deduced. As calculated results, the eigenfrequency and the sensitivity are 390.33Hz and 760.56pm/g.
Unobtrusive Sleep-Wake Discrimination Based on Arched Carbon Fiber Structure Aided Highly Sensitive Under Mattress MZI-BCG Sensor and SVM
Authors: Xu Wei , Han Shuying , Sun Wenye , Dong Bo , Yu Changyuan , Zhao Wei , Wang Yishan
Published: October 2021

A compact arched carbon fiber structure aided fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) ballistocardiogram (BCG) sensor is designed and presented, which is used to realize unobtrusive sleep-wake discrimination combining cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithm with high sensitivity and accuracy.