bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract 9814: Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients With Congestive Heart Failure and Low Voltage 12-Lead Ecg
Authors: Mustafa Mohammed , Tawfellos George , White Casey , Harris Erin , Oredegbe Al-Ameen , Torosoff Mikhail
Published: June 2023

Background:
Low voltage ECG (LowV-ECG) pattern is defined as a peak-to-peak QRS amplitude of less than 5mm in the limb leads and/or less than 10mm in the pericardial leads. It can occur in many cardiac conditions associated with congestive heart failure (CHF), such as ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), cardiac amyloidosis (CA), hemochromatosis (HC), and hypothyroidism (HT). The clinical significance of LowV-ECG abnormalities in CHF patients has not been well investigated.

Methods:
Clinical, echocardiographic, and ECG data was collected in 460 consecutive CHF patients with non-V-paced rhythms enrolled over 2 years in the Get With the Guidelines Heart Failure (GWG-HF) registry at a single academic tertiary center. ECGs were reviewed for the presence of low QRS voltage and additional ECG features classically reported in ICM, CA, HC, and HT.

Results:
LowV-ECG was noted in 8.5% patients (39/460) of the study cohort, and was more common in females, 11.6% (25/216) vs. 5.7% (14/244) in males, p=0.025. LowV-ECG patients had increased BMI (34.9+/-12.8 vs. 31.1+/-9 kg/m2, p=0.016) and more commonly had a history of DM (12.2% vs.5.5%, p=0.01). There were no significant differences in age, GFR, or presence of CAD, hypertension or Afib. Prevalence of HFrEF, HFmrEF, and HFpEF in patients with LowV-ECG was 6.8, 10, and 9.8%, respectively, p=0.506. With regards to the ECG features typically associated with cardiac amyloidosis, poor R-wave progression was more common in LowV-ECG patients, 41% (16/39) vs.13.5% (57/421) in the rest of the cohort, p<0.001, but there was no significant difference in prevalence of pseudo-infarct pattern, 15.4% (6/39) vs. 10.5% (44/421), p=0.344, or in prevalence of LBBB or incomplete LBBB or non-specific IVCD, 15.4% (6/39) vs. 17.3% (73/421), p=0.164. After 70.7+/-25.2 months follow-up, Low-V ECG was not associated with increased mortality (12.8% vs. 20.4%, p=0.253). Rates of 30, 60, and 90-day readmissions were not increased.

Conclusions:
Among patients admitted with a CHF diagnosis, low voltage ECG pattern was more commonly seen in females, overweight patients, and in patients with diabetes. Low voltage ECG patients did not display additional ECG features typical of cardiac amyloidosis and did not experience adverse short- or long-term outcomes.
Abstract 9816: Cholesterol Efflux Capacity Mediates The Relationship Between Neutrophils And Coronary Burden In Psoriasis
Authors: Berg Alexander R , Mendelsohn Laurel , Hong Christin , O'Hagen Ross , Svirydava Maryia , Li Haiou , Chen Marcus , Playford Martin , Mehta Nehal N , Teague Heather L
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with increased levels of activated neutrophils, lower cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), and subclinical atherosclerosis. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux is the primary method of cholesterol removal from peripheral tissues and is linked to innate immunity and cardiovascular disease. Preclinical models suggest a strong relationship between CEC, neutrophil frequency and activation, and atherosclerosis, yet this relationship is understudied in clinical models.

Hypothesis:
(1) Psoriasis patients with high neutrophils have lower CEC and high non-calcified coronary burden (NCB); (2) CEC mediates the relationship between neutrophils and NCB.

Methods:
Coronary computed tomography angiography was used to quantitate NCB in one-hundred seventy-nine untreated psoriasis patients. Circulating neutrophils were measured via flow cytometry, and mean fluorescence intensity of CD62L and CD11b was determined. CEC was quantified using a cell-based
ex-vivo
assay measuring the ability of apolipoprotein B depleted plasma to mobilize cholesterol from lipid-loaded macrophages.

Results:
Patients with high neutrophils had decreased CEC (0.93 (0.15) vs 1.00 (0.17);
P
=0.03) and higher NCB (1.24 (0.55) vs 1.10 (0.50);
P
=0.003). The relationship between neutrophils and NCB was mediated by CEC beyond adjustment for Framingham risk score, smoking status, and statin treatment (20%,
P
=<0.001) (
Figure 1
). CEC associated with neutrophil activation markers, CD11b and CD62L (β: -0.23
P
=0.04, β:0.21,
P
=0.04). Finally, one year of biologic therapy improved CEC (0.08 (0.17) vs (-0.009 (0.19);
P
=0.008) and neutrophil counts (-0.45 (-1.36- -0.45) vs -0.14 (-0.60-0.42;
P
=0.004).

Conclusion:
Patients with more neutrophils had lower CEC and higher NCB. Further, CEC mediates the relationship between neutrophils and NCB, underscoring the relationship between neutrophils and CEC in atherosclerosis.
Abstract 9820: Heart Failure at Admission in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Registry ARGEN-IAM-ST
Authors: Zoni Cesar R , D'Imperio Heraldo , Zapata Gerardo , Charask Adrian , Macin Stella M , Castillo Costa Yanina , Gagliardi Juan A , Perna Eduardo R
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Heart failure (HF) is a frequent complication of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Despite advances in the management of STEMI, when associated with HF, its prognosis continues to be ominous. Knowing the reality and the management of these patients is a necessity that will guide us for future strategies. Objective: To evaluate incidence, associated factors, relationship with reperfusion strategies, treatment at admission, and evolution of patients (pts) with STEMI who present HF at admission.

Material and Method:
Data from the National Registry of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction of Argentina (ARGEN-IAM-ST) were analyzed from 1/1/2016 to 9/30/2020. Based on Killip and Kimball variable at admission, the population was divided into 2 groups, those pts with Killip and Kimball equal to 1 were grouped as pts without HF (noHF) at admission and those with Killip and Kimball greater to 1 as with HF at admission. Demographic characteristics, clinical, electrocardiographic, laboratory variables, and admission treatment were compared. Hospital mortality was compared.

Results:
3,174 pts were analyzed. Pts with HF were 22.31%. Mean age (noHF vs HF) was 59.80 years (SD±11.45) and 64.01 years (SD±12.14), p<0.0001; predominance of women in HF (24.50% vs 18.50%, p<0.001). The baselines characteristics can be seen in Table 1. Reperfusion strategy was less used in HF group [87.57% vs 92.58%, OR 0.56 (95%CI 0.43-0.74), p<0.001] and its success was less frequent (Table 2). Pharmacological treatment is shown in Figures 1 and 2. Mortality was 3.00% in noHF vs 28.39% in HF, p<0.001. In the multivariate analysis, the variables associated with changes in mortality are described in Table 3; HF was associated with an increase in mortality.

Conclusions:
Pts with STEMI associated with HF at admission are a different group with a higher risk. The reperfusion strategy and certain pharmacological treatments on admission are less frequent in these pts.
Abstract 9842: Machine Learning-Based Prediction Model of COVID-19 Deterioration Using Wearable Core Temperature and Oxygen Saturation Sensor Data
Authors: Miyagawa Kazuya , Matsumoto Shinichiro , Sasaki Masahiro , Osaki Tatsuya , Furukubo Masashi , Tsuchimoto Hirofumi , Suzuki Kenta
Published: June 2023

Background:
Accurate prediction of COVID-19 deterioration could enable clinicians to make optimal decisions on medical interventions or hospitalization. A machine learning-based approach using vital data is recognized as a useful tool to predict the exacerbation of infectious disease. However, in COVID-19, effective prediction models are still emerging. Here we developed an algorithm to predict clinical deterioration in non-severe COVID-19 patients using machine learning techniques with continuous core temperature (CT), SpO
2
and pulse rate (PR)

data obtained via wearable sensors.

Methods:
Fifty mild to moderate COVID-19 patients admitted to Nishi-Kobe Medical Center between December 2020 and August 2021 were enrolled. Disease severity was judged by WHO criteria. All patients wore a Moni-Patch
®️
, a wireless CT monitoring patch and a ring-type SpO
2
monitoring device. CT, SpO
2
and PR were continuously collected to a smartphone via Bluetooth
®️
. Data from 41 patients were of sufficient duration and quality to be analyzed and preprocessed to adjust sampling windows before fed into the framework. Additional features were derived by modifying the sensor data using patients’ characteristics. To develop classifiers to distinguish a disease deteriorating into severe one, XGBoost, a gradient-boosted tree algorithm, with 3-fold cross-validation was used. Based on the algorithm, deterioration into severe disease within 24 hour was inferred every single hour using 12-hour time frame data. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics was analyzed based on the classifier’s prediction threshold.

Results:
After the enrollment, 13 out of 41 patients developed severe diseases. At the enrollment, baseline characteristics were comparable between mild to moderate and severe disease, except for body temperature that was significantly higher in severe disease. The algorithm developed using the sensor data was able to achieve an AUC of 0.92.

Conclusions:
Our algorithm could well distinguished COVID-19 deteriorating into severe disease. The results indicates that machine learning approach with continuous CT, SpO
2
and PR

measurement using wearable sensors is beneficial to predict the exacerbation of COVID-19.
Abstract 9843: Dynamic Importance of Genomic and Nongenomic Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease Over the Life Course
Authors: Urbut Sarah , Cho So Mi J , Haidermota Sara , Philippakis Anthony A , FAHED AKL , Natarajan Pradeep
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Current cardiovascular risk models are limited by fixed window estimates of risk rather than lifetime trajectories. We create a novel framework to understand the time-varying profiles of genomic and non-genomic risk factors over the life span.

Methods:
We examine 325,948 individuals from the UK Biobank (UKB) (57% female, enrollment age 40-70 years, mean follow-up 11.9 years) with baseline clinical risk factors, composite Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE), and coronary artery disease (CAD) polygenic risk score (PRS). We compare Cox hazard ratios (HR) and the proportion of variation explained (PVE) at each age of enrollment. We extend analyses to a younger cohort of 3,821 individuals from the Framingham Health Study (FHS) Offspring Cohort, (51% female, enrollment ages 18-57, mean follow-up 35.1 years).

Results:
Results: HR and PVE of CAD PRS are greater early in life with HR 2.47, [95% CI 2.45-2.50] at age 40 to HR 1.67 [1.64,1.70] at age 70 in UKB; PVE of 7.8% to 2.3% in UKB. Parallel results were observed in FHS (Fig 1A-C) earlier in the life span. While the variation in lifetime risk increases with time, the HR for single risk factors estimated at each age are dynamic. The PCE, via inclusion of age, absorb much of this variation. Reclassification of intermediate 10-year PCE risk (7.5-19.9%) using PRS is most informative in younger individuals. In the UKB, the top-quintile of PRS, when compared to PCE alone, accurately predicts more individuals under age 55 (1108 versus 844) who ultimately develop CAD, but loses superiority over age 55 (Fig. 1D).

Conclusions:
Depending on when the question is asked, the HR of CAD of both genomic and non-genomic risk factors changes dramatically, with PRS demonstrating superiority early on. Our novel framework incorporates time-varying effects in portraying risk trajectory rather than fixed-window estimates. We show that polygenic scores also predict lifetime risk of disease early on rather than predicting only early-onset disease.
Abstract 9933: Shifting Paradigms in Rhythm versus Rate Control in Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Park Jong Kun , Bajwa Muhammad , Kim Jin wan , Novelo Luis L , Khair Tarif
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and is an independent risk factor for mortality across a wide age range in both men and women. Management methods of atrial fibrillation have been thoroughly investigated through numerous trials exploring various treatment modalities. There has been a preference for rate control as the initial approach, but recent studies, particularly the EAST-AFNET 4 trial, point out several clinical settings in which rhythm control is preferable. To evaluate new paradigms in the acute management of atrial fibrillation, our meta-analysis provides a current, curated examination of the major landmark trials in the management of atrial fibrillation along with the most recent randomized controlled trials that have been published since 2022.

Methods:
A literature search was performed on May 2022 using PubMed and OVID Medline databases for study identification. Combinations of the search terms
atrial fibrillation, rate control, adrenergic beta antagonists, rhythm control, anti-arrhythmia drugs,
and
catheter ablation
were combined to conduct the literature search. Boolean operators AND and OR were used to combine terms.

Results:
There were no significant differences in the effects of rate and rhythm control on any outcome: all-cause mortality (RR: 0.996; CI: 0.674-1.376), cardiovascular mortality (RR: 0.957; CI: 0.601-1.413), arrhythmic/sudden death mortality (RR: 0.954; CI: 0.445-1.816), stroke/transient ischemic attack (RR: 1.011; CI: 0.535-1.78), and systemic embolism (RR: 1.275; CI: 0.541-2.625).

Conclusions:
Updated data pooled from randomized control trials in patients with atrial fibrillation suggests that rhythm and rate control strategies have no statistically significant differences on major clinical outcomes. Additional studies will be required to investigate factors favorable for rhythm-control strategies and to determine contemporary best clinical practices.
Abstract 9961: Benefits of Successful Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Chinese CTO Patients With Low LVEF
Authors: Zhao Shuai , Lian Kun , Li Chengxiang
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was commonly seen in chronic total occlusion (CTO) patients and was considered as an independent risk factor of poor prognosis of those patients. Yet, data regarding the clinical outcome, symptom and quality of life (QOL) of successful recanalization of CTO in low LVEF patients were scarcely reported.

Objectives:
This study set out to assess the clinical outcome, symptoms and QOL of CTO treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (CTO-PCI) in Chinese patients with low LVEF.

Methods:
Patients consecutively undergoing elective CTO-PCI were included and subdivided into 3 groups: LVEF≥50%, 50%>LVEF≥40%, and LVEF<40%. Detailed baseline characteristics, assessment of symptoms and QOL, procedural details, in-hospital complications, and 1 month and 1 year follow-up data were collected.

Results:
Of 995 CTO patients, LVEF<40% was present in 172 (17.29%), who had more previous MI, multi-CTO lesion and higher SYNTAX score (p<0.001), and their procedural success rate did not drop significantly compared with the other two groups (93.95% vs. 92.31% vs. 88.95%; p=0.078). In-hospital MACCE (2.55% vs. 2.56 vs. 8.14%; p=0.001) was the highest in patients with LVEF<40%. At 1 month and 1 year follow-up, MACE and all-cause mortality were also the highest in patients with LVEF<40% after successful CTO-PCI, while they were markedly lower than those with failed CTO-PCI (p<0.001). LVEF<40% was an independent risk factor of MACE and all-cause mortality 1 year after successful revascularization. Symptoms and QOL were markedly improved regardless of LVEF at 1 month and 1 year follow-up, notably at a similar degree between patients with LVEF<40% and the other two groups (P>0.05).

Conclusions:
PCI could represent an effective revascularization strategy improving clinical outcome, symptoms and QOL in CTO patients with low LVEF.
Abstract 9964: Clinical Impact of Handgrip Strength on Prognosis After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Tobe Akihiro , Tanaka Akihito , Shirai Yoshinori , Kubota Yoshiaki , Kunieda Takeshige , Sato Sara , Furusawa Kenji , Ishii Hideki , Murohara Toyoaki
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Sarcopenia is defined as age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, and has been reportedly associated with cardiovascular disease. However, the impact of handgrip strength (HGS) on clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary artery disease has not been well investigated.

Methods:
This was a retrospective, single center, observational study. A total of 469 patients who underwent PCI were included. Periprocedural HGS of both hands were measured and of which better value was used for assessment. Patients were divided into 2 groups, low HGS group (men;<28kg, women;<18kg) and high HGS group (men;≥28kg, women;≥18kg) according to the consensus of Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. The primary outcome was the composite endpoint of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and heart failure readmission.

Results:
There were 151 patients in the low HGS group and 318 patients in the high HGS group. The age of patients in the low HGS group was significantly higher (78 [71-82] vs. 70 [61-75] years, p<0.001), while the body mass index and serum albumin level were significantly lower than those in the high HGS group. During the median follow-up period of 778 days, composite endpoint occurred in 35 patients with low HGS and 29 patients with high HGS. The low HGS group had a higher incidence of composite endpoint than the high HGS group (p<0.001) (Figure). The low HGS group had a higher risk of individuals of all-cause, cardiac, and non-cardiac death (p<0.001, respectively). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that low HGS was an independent predictor for the composite endpoint (HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.04-3.33, p=0.04).

Conclusions:
Low HGS was independently related with long-term cardiac events after PCI.
Abstract 9978: Non-Traditional Risk Markers for Incident Coronary Artery Calcium Among Persons ≥65 Years Old: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Razavi Alexander C , Dzaye Omar , Michos Erin D , Budoff Matthew J , Allen Norrina B , Ac Lima Joao A , Polak Joseph F , Post Wendy S , Nasir Khurram , Blumenthal Roger S , Sperling Laurence , Whelton Seamus P
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Initiation of coronary artery calcium (CAC) is an important milestone associated with a marked increase in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, traditional risk factors do not perform well for CVD risk stratification among older persons.

Hypothesis:
Contrasting to measures of subclinical CVD, blood-based non-traditional risk factors will not strongly predict incident CAC in older adults.

Methods:
There were 815 participants
>
65 years old with CAC=0 at Visit 1. We calculated multivariable Cox hazards ratios and C-statistics for the association of non-traditional risk factors with incident CAC.

Results:
The mean age was 70.2 years old, 67% were women, and 35% were Black. A total of 55% developed incident CAC with a median follow-up time to incident CAC of 3.6 years. The largest proportion of persons with incident CAC was among those with microalbuminuria (Figure). Albuminuria (aHR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.10-2.16) and thoracic calcification (TAC) (aHR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.10-1.75) were significantly associated with incident CAC, while 1-SD higher level of apolipoprotein-B, lipoprotein(a), high-sensitivity troponin T, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and C-reactive protein were not. When added to demographic information, albuminuria and TAC provided a greater C-statistic improvement (+0.044, p=0.01) versus all traditional risk factors combined (+0.029, p=0.09).

Conclusions:
Among non-traditional risk factors and measures of subclinical CVD, only albuminuria and TAC were significantly associated with incident CAC in persons >65 years old. Identification of older persons with albuminuria or TAC may help guide the utility and timing of repeat CAC scoring in older persons with baseline CAC=0.
Abstract 9983: The Effect of Congenital Heart Disease on Employment, Neuropsychological Outcomes, and Quality of Life in Adults With Down Syndrome
Authors: Gaydos Stephanie S , McHugh Kimberly E , Nietert Paul J , Atz Andrew M
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Individuals born with congenital heart disease (CHD) and people with Down syndrome (DS) are distinct populations now living well into adulthood. These groups share risks of reduced employment, neuropsychological impairment, and poor quality of life (QOL). CHD occurs in 40-60% of people with DS; is it unknown whether CHD mediates these outcomes among adults with DS.

Hypothesis:
There are lower employment rates in adults with both DS and CHD.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional survey of adults ages 18-45 years with DS and their guardian. Study advertisements were sent to the NIH Down Syndrome Registry, regional DS groups, and cardiology clinics. The study survey included self or proxy-reported medical history, employment and volunteer experience, quality of life (WHO-QOL-Disabilities module), mental health problems (self-report plus Glasgow Depression Scale), and caregiver burden (Zarit Burden Interview). Outcomes were compared between groups: DS+CHD and DS-CHD.

Results:
287 participants completed the study, out of roughly 1100 eligible subjects recruited. 36% (n=104) reported having CHD. Most CHD types were atrioventricular canal or atrial/ventricular septal defect, and 56% reported cardiac surgery in the first year of life. There were no significant differences in subject age, sex, or trisomy 21 type between groups. There were similar rates of paid employment in those with and without CHD (54% vs. 50% respectively, p= 0.50). DS+CHD subjects reported significantly more volunteer activity (32% vs. 19%, p< 0.01). Overall cohort history of stroke was 3%, seizure 12%, and mental health problems 69%. There were significantly higher rates of stroke and seizure in DS+CHD subjects (p< 0.01 for both), though no difference in mental health problems (p=0.67). Self-reported mean QOL score was 66.6± 12.1 (scale 1-100 with 100 indicating best quality), with no significant difference between groups (p= 0.52). Caregiver burden was significantly greater in DS+CHD (p= 0.03).

Conclusions:
Having CHD is not associated with reduced employment in adults with DS, despite higher prevalence of stroke and seizures. Volunteer participation is more common in those with CHD. Mental health problems and reduced QOL are prevalent in adults with DS regardless of CHD.
Static and dynamic fMRI-derived functional connectomes represent largely similar information
Authors: Matkovič Andraž , Anticevic Alan , Murray John D. , Repovš Grega
Published: June 2023

Functional connectivity (FC) of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI time series can be estimated using methods that differ in sensitivity to the temporal order of time points (static vs. dynamic) and the number of regions considered in estimating a single edge (bivariate vs. multivariate). Previous research suggests that dynamic FC explains variability in FC fluctuations and behavior beyond static FC. Our aim was to systematically compare methods on both dimensions. We compared five FC methods: Pearson’s/full correlation (static, bivariate), lagged correlation (dynamic, bivariate), partial correlation (static, multivariate), and multivariate AR model with and without self-connections (dynamic, multivariate). We compared these methods by (i) assessing similarities between FC matrices, (ii) by comparing node centrality measures, and (iii) by comparing the patterns of brain-behavior associations. Although FC estimates did not differ as a function of sensitivity to temporal order, we observed differences between the multivariate and bivariate FC methods. The dynamic FC estimates were highly correlated with the static FC estimates, especially when comparing group-level FC matrices. Similarly, there were high correlations between the patterns of brain-behavior associations obtained using the dynamic and static FC methods. We conclude that the dynamic FC estimates represent information largely similar to that of the static FC.
Understanding and Detecting Hallucinations in Neural Machine Translation via Model Introspection
Authors: Xu Weijia , Agrawal Sweta , Briakou Eleftheria , Martindale Marianna J. , Carpuat Marine
Published: June 2023

Neural sequence generation models are known to “hallucinate”, by producing outputs that are unrelated to the source text. These hallucinations are potentially harmful, yet it remains unclear in what conditions they arise and how to mitigate their impact. In this work, we first identify internal model symptoms of hallucinations by analyzing the relative token contributions to the generation in contrastive hallucinated vs. non-hallucinated outputs generated via source perturbations. We then show that these symptoms are reliable indicators of natural hallucinations, by using them to design a lightweight hallucination detector which outperforms both model-free baselines and strong classifiers based on quality estimation or large pre-trained models on manually annotated English-Chinese and German-English translation test beds.
Idolatry and Mystery
Authors: Mannen Sara
Published: June 2023

This article contrasts the accounts of mystery used to combat idolatry found in the theology of Karl Barth and in contemporary apophatic theology. It describes Barth’s account of mystery as distinctly Protestant in its soteriological nature and basis in contrast to recent apophatic accounts of mystery based on the doctrine of creatio ex nihilo. These divergent theologies of mystery—as either light or darkness based on different dogmatic res—ultimately reveal contrasting commitments in the doctrine of God. For both, Jesus Christ is the light of God’s gracious revelation. However, the movement in apophatic theology is from the light of Christ to the mystery of divine darkness, while in Barth’s theology Jesus Christ is the luminous mystery of God that dispels the Deus absconditus. This article argues that idolatry is better counteracted by Barth’s positive concept that mystery is grace and filled with content in Jesus Christ.
Philosophical and Philological Debates on Kulliyyāt I.1.ii of Ibn Sīnā’s Qānūn: From Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī to Quṭb al-Dīn al-Šīrāzī
Authors: Eshera Osama
Published: June 2023

The debates on Kulliyyāt I.1.ii of Ibn Sīnā’s Qānūn (“on the subjects of medicine”) were initiated by Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī and continued by Afḍal al-Dīn al-Ḫūnaǧī, Naǧm al-Dīn al-Naḫǧawānī, Yaʿqūb ibn Ġanāʾim al-Sāmirī, Rafīʿ al-Dīn al-Ǧīlī, Ibn al-Nafīs, and Ibn al-Quff al-Masīḥī. In his own commentary, entitled al-Tuḥfa al-saʿdiyya, Quṭb al-Dīn al-Šīrāzī preserved and scrutinized his predecessors’ commentaries, in order to offer what he believed to be more conclusive interpretations of Ibn Sīnā. Focusing on the introductory part of Kulliyyāt I.1.ii, we show that the commentators were divided not only on philosophical issues, but also on the very text that should be attributed to Ibn Sīnā.
Four new species of Mimosa sect. Batocaulon ser. Cordistipulae (Leguminosae) from Bahia, Brazil
Authors: GELMA A. DO NASCIMENTO JANAÍNA , ROCHA LAMARCK , F. DUTRA VALQUÍRIA , P. DE QUEIROZ LUCIANO , VAN DEN BERG CÁSSIO
Published: June 2023

Four new species of Mimosa series Cordistipulae (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae: Mimosoid clade) are described from Bahia state, Brazil: M. crassifolia, M. bahiana and M. confusa from rupestrian grasslands (campo rupestre vegetation) of the Chapada Diamantina mountain range, and M. melosa from inland dry scrub on sand dunes of the São Francisco River. We provide illustrations, comments on the geographical distribution, preliminary conservation assessments, and morphological affinities.
New insights on post-fire morels (Morchella spp.) in Italy
Authors: SNABL MARTIN , GUIDORI URBANO , GIANCHINO CARMELO , LEONARDI MARCO , ZAMBONELLI ALESSANDRA , IOTTI MIRCO
Published: June 2023

Morels (Morchella spp.) fruit abundantly in burnt sites, in particular the year following the fire event. In the post-fire context, ascomata with densely tomentose surfaces, herein called “hair-bearing morels”, have also been reported in the literature. In this work, two morphotypes of hair-bearing morels from burnt pine forests of northern and central Italy are described and their ITS rDNA regions sequenced. The first was identified as M. tomentosa, which represents the first evidence of this species outside North America. For the second hair-bearing morphotype, the new forma M. vulgaris f. atrovelutipes is proposed. Our results suggest that the “tomentose” trait in morels is not only species-specific to M. tomentosa but it can also occasionally occur in other morel species after a fire event. In addition, taxonomic history of hair-bearing morels is reviewed and discussed.
Effect of bamboo powder surface treatment on performance of asphalt binder
Authors: Zhao Ting , Gao Mingxing , Yang Feng
Published: June 2023

For expanding the application field of bamboo and improving the utilization rate of bamboo, the effect of bamboo powder (BP) treated by NaOH on the asphalt binder’s properties was discussed on the basis of previous study on the rheological property of bamboo powder modified asphalt
at high temperature. The specific surface area, pore size distribution and pore structure of NaOH treated BP were analyzed by nitrogen adsorption experiment, and its micro morphology was explained by SEM. The high temperature stability, low temperature ductility, shear deformation resistance
and rut resistance of BP asphalt binder were analyzed by the softening point, the ductility, the viscosity and dynamic shear rheological test. The results showed that under the treated by NaOH, the BP epidermis produced lamellar peeling, increased the specific surface area, the surface morphology
was rougher, effectively improve the surface infiltration and physical adsorption capacity of BP and the asphalt binder. Both NaOH concentration and BP content increased would play positive roles on the asphalt binder’s properties, including the high temperature stability and shear deformation
resistance. But the concentration and proportion should be moderate. It is suggested that 10% of BP treated with 2.5 mol/L NaOH concentration can obtain better performance of asphalt binder. By turning waste into treasure, the effective utilization of bamboo leftovers, which is a green environmental
protection material, is realized, and the asphalt binder’s properties is significantly improved under the condition of simple process and low production cost.
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor inhibits apoptosis of substantia nigra dopamine neurons in Parkinson’s disease mice model
Authors: Cao Xuqing , Zhang Tao , Han Haiping , Liu Zhimei , Xu Dong , Ma Tingjie , Zhao Fuping , Hou Liwei , Guo Jiangtao
Published: June 2023

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) can effectively improve body’s immunity. This study explored G-CSF’s role in dopaminergic neurons apoptosis in Parkinson’s disease mice model. In this study, Oxidopamine, also known as 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) drugs were
used to establish mouse models, and 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) measurement of brain nerve cell apoptosis and mouse motor function scores methods were used to analyze and clarify whether G-CSF’s role in inflammatory process is through regulating monocyte chemoattractant
protein 1 (MCP-1) expression and T cell immune function. Meanwhile, neutrophil infiltration in apoptotic and surrounding areas was also assessed. Nerve cell apoptosis was significantly reduced After a single dose of G-CSF treatment in the model 24 h after successful modeling, compared with
PBS control group (P <0.05). The motor function of mice in the G-CSF treatment group was significantly improved (P <0.05) on days 7 and 14. Moreover, the expressions of MCP-1, IL-10, TNF-α, and TGF-β were significantly decreased through therapeutic
intervention, and inflammation was controlled (P < 0.05). The number of CD11b infiltration in the apoptotic area in the G-CSF group did not increase, suggesting that intervention did not reduce apoptosis of nerve cells. Bcl-2 expression in the treatment group was significantly higher
than in the control group, and Bax expression was lower (P <0.05). In addition, the number of dopamine BrdU+ cells in the substantia nigra was significantly increased (P <0.05). G-CSF can thus promote bone marrow hematopoiesis, thereby stimulating endogenous nerve cell
proliferation, resisting nerve damage in Parkinson’s mice, and promoting neuron regeneration to help preserve neuronal function in mice and improve prognosis.
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide reduces lung cancer immunotherapy-related endocrine adverse reactions and improves prognosis via interleukin-2
Authors: Lv Zhiping , Zhang Sheng , Qiu Rui , Qiao Zhixiong , He Wei
Published: June 2023

This paper studies the mechanism of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) in adverse reactions after immunotherapy. Five groups including model group, low-dose LBP group, middle-dose LBP group, high-dose LBP group, and interleukin-2 (IL-2) inhibitor group were set up. Adverse reactions
after immunotherapy were observed through staining, blood collection and related experiments. IL-2 content was detected by ELISA, RT-qPCR and Western blot. The correlation coefficient between adverse reactions and prognosis was analyzed by Pearson software. LBP improved the diarrhea after
immunotherapy and inhibition of IL-2 made the diarrhea more serious. Neutrophils around the hair follicles in the high-dose LBP group were less while they were more in model group where the hair follicles were blocked. The follicles in model group were more swelled while the follicles of high-dose
LBP group had fewer swollen follicles. The degree of liver damage was inversely proportional to the concentration of LBP and the inhibition of IL-2 increased liver damage. The increased LBP promoted the improvement of immune function. LBP had a positive correlation with IL-2 level. The expression
of IL-2 and E-cadherin increased with increased LBP concentration. Further analysis showed a negative correlation between diarrhea, ALT activity and AST activity and E-cadherin expression. Positive correlation between CD4+/CD8+ level and E-cadherin was observed. Conclusively,
LBP could reduce adverse reactions after immunotherapy and promote IL-2 expression. IL-2 is related to immune function and its decrease causes more serious adverse reactions after immunotherapy. Thus, LBP can control IL-2 expression to reduce the adverse reactions after immunotherapy.
The Hearing is Just a Formality: You’re Never Getting Out
Authors: Ruhland Ebony , Laskorunsky Julia
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate how individuals incarcerated who were denied parole navigated the parole process and their subsequent denial for release. This study used in-depth qualitative interviews with 66 men and women who were currently incarcerated and denied parole. The results illustrated how their experiences with the parole process affected their perceptions of fairness and legitimacy. The degree of fairness and legitimacy were also interconnected with how they internally processed the decision as well as how they perceived their prospects for release. Implications are that if individuals perceive the parole hearings as not legitimate, they may be less willing to participate in the process and instead chose to max out their time.
An analytical approach to model transverse inter-fibre fracture evolution in cross-ply carbon fibre reinforced polymers laminates under a three-point bending test
Authors: Linke Max , Chakraborty Subhasis , Göbel Holger , Lammering Rolf
Published: June 2023

The prerequisite to equip structures with in situ electrical health monitoring systems in a meaningful manner is to estimate potential damage locations. In this context, an analytical approach to model the spatial and temporal evolution of transverse inter-fibre fractures (IFF) is exemplified for [Formula: see text] cross-ply laminates under three-point bending. The model is based on the tensile load in the bottom 90°-layer. The effective stress is computed directly from the specimen displacement, whereas the strength is considered to be periodically distributed due to material inhomogeneities along the specimen. The continuous comparison between the sinusoidal strength function and the effective stress allows modelling progressive damage in form of IFF. A modified Hann window is used to consider their effect to the bottom 90°-layer. Experiments with the same configuration are performed and the observed IFF evolution is used to tune the model parameters in an optimisation procedure, e.g., the peak separation of the sinusoid and the length of the Hann window. The comparison between model and experiment shows a high level of agreement. The model is thus capable to reproduce experiments with minimal computational effort. This makes it highly suitable as input for electrical monitoring models that rely on the continuous damage evolution of the investigated structure. In its current form, the model is limited to the specified configuration. However, the simple analytical approach allows it to be easily adapted. It is furthermore shown that progressive composite damage in terms of spatial and temporal evolution can be accurately described using an analytical approach.
Gamifying Gamification in the Sociology Classroom
Authors: Folse Brandon , Poole Frederick J.
Published: June 2023

The increasing ubiquity of gamification in everyday life normalizes it as a motivational tool. While much scholarship supports gamification, labor sociologists have long problematized the phenomenon. In this mixed-methods action research study, we explore the results of gamifying a lesson on gamification in a sociology of work course. We designed two gamified activities with varying degrees of consent that followed a lesson on gamification and consent. Students rated how problematic a series of gamified work scenarios were before and after the intervention. Our quantitative data did not show a significant increase in students’ ability to identify consent after the intervention, but we did discover that students took either an employee or employer’s perspective in their rating justifications. Furthermore, these findings were gendered. This article highlights the need for a more critical take on gamification in the classroom. We conclude by suggesting ways practitioners can teach about gamification in other contexts.
Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies of Unusual Subglottic Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Sun Xiaoru , He Dan , Wen Qiao , He Shi , Jiang Yong , Liu Shixi , Wang Haiyang , Zou Jian
Published: June 2023

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is primarily found in the salivary glands, and is extremely rare in the subglottic region. Here we present a subglottic PA that presented with symptoms of dry cough and dyspnea. A submucosal mass was found in the subglottic region under laryngoscopy, occluding approximately 40% of the lumen. The patient underwent the transoral endoscopic CO2 laser microsurgery under high-frequency jet ventilation for mass resection, and the pathology report supported the diagnosis of PA. At the 2-year follow-up, there was no evidence of recurrence, and the patient is currently under regular long-term monitoring. Dyspnea and dry cough are nonspecific respiratory symptoms. When no findings discovered in the regular site, it should be noted that the subglottic area is often a blind spot for both pulmonologists and otolaryngologists, and as such, requires careful examination. Transoral endoscopic CO2 laser microsurgery under high-frequency jet ventilation was found to be an effective and less invasive method for treating subglottic PA. This approach helped avoid tracheostomy and resulted in better postoperative recovery.
What allays loneliness? A fine-grained examination of daily social interactions
Authors: Silva Gabriella , Rum Ruba , Brennan Justine , Rottenberg Jonathan , Goodman Fallon R.
Published: June 2023

Loneliness is a rising global problem just as digital communication platforms have afforded people greater opportunities to interact. This paradox suggests that increased opportunities for social interactions may be insufficient for relieving loneliness. Using daily diary methodology, we examined how features of social interactions—type and perceived quality—predicted daily loneliness. Over 14 consecutive days, 269 adult participants provided 2986 daily reports on their loneliness levels, the types of daily social interactions they had, and the quality of these social interactions. Results indicated that in-person interactions most strongly predicted reduced loneliness relative to other interaction types. Interactions characterized by positive qualities were associated with lower same-day loneliness. In turn, interactions characterized by negative qualities were associated with higher same-day loneliness. Across all subjective qualities, feeling closed off and distant from others during interactions was the strongest predictor of same-day loneliness. These findings highlight that time spent socializing is not a panacea for reducing loneliness, and increasing in-person interactions and reducing negative social experiences may best foster social connection.
Predicting cutting forces in 5-axis milling of sculptured surfaces directly from a CAM tool path
Authors: Hamiche Yacine , Zeroudi Nasreddine
Published: June 2023

The present work is motivated by the fact that for predicting the cutting forces which arise under various cutting conditions, workpiece-tool pairs, machining depths and tool orientation, numerical methods are slower and less efficient than analytical methods. In addition, recent developments in Computer Assisted Machining (CAM) techniques have enabled analytical methods to be applied even with complex workpiece geometry. The method developed in this paper is both practical and inexpensive. It is based on an analytical method using only few approximations and uses the toolpath file as the main information source for the machined surface. This method takes into account both tool position and orientation in a 5-axis finishing milling process with ball-end cutter, independent of the machining parameters and the couple of tool-workpiece materials. However, this calculation must be supplemented by a mechanistic approach in order to obtain results equivalent to those of the experiment. The result is a model which is implemented in a program allowing the visualization of the cutting forces along a given path. The program is easy to apply in practical cases with the possibility of implementing it in a machining software.
Palliative Care Knowledge Following an Interdisciplinary Palliative Care Seminar
Authors: Mollman Sarah , Gierach Michelle , Sedlacek Amanda
Published: June 2023

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic created a unique opportunity to evolve an interdisciplinary palliative care seminar (IPC) into a virtual platform. This seminar provides foundational palliative and hospice concepts, introductions into palliative care disciplines, integration of teamwork, and incorporates interdisciplinary student led patient encounters. Traditionally, this experience had been in person, however during the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare restrictions transitioned the educational delivery to a virtual platform.

Methods

To assess the knowledge gained from this novel experience, the Palliative Care Knowledge Test (PCKT) was administered before and after the IPC Seminar. A 1-year follow up survey was also administered to evaluate how the IPC Seminar was applicable to the students’ clinical experiences and practice.

Results

The virtual didactics and virtual student led patient encounters significantly improved learners understanding of palliative and hospice care. This gain of knowledge was noted across undergraduate and graduate programs, which highlights the need for and benefit from foundational concepts. Furthermore, a 1-year follow up survey noted the IPC seminar was applicable to their practices and suggests that this experience will impact future patients.

Discussion

Many of the students practice in rural areas where access to palliative care services is limited or non-existent. This experience exponentially impacts the growth of palliative and hospice care understanding and access to care across the region.

Conclusion

Evolving our IPC Seminar has shown to significantly improve knowledge, foster collaboration of student led interdisciplinary teams, and increases capacity to meet the needs of more learners.
Effects of Deep Venous Thrombosis Treatments on Early and Long-term Quality of Life: Medical Therapy vs. Systemic Thrombolysis vs. Pharmacomechanical Thrombolysis
Authors: Yıldız Ziya , Kayğın Mehmet A. , Özkara Taha , Limandal Hüsnü K. , Diler Mevriye S. , Çüçen Dayı Hatice I. , Ergün Servet , Dağ Özgür
Published: June 2023

Objectives

The present study aimed to compare the effects of medical therapy (MT), systemic thrombolysis (ST), and pharmacomechanical thrombolysis (PMT) methods used in our clinic for the treatment of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) on symptom reduction, the incidence of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) development, and quality of life.

Methods

Data from160 patients diagnosed with acute DVT between January 2012 and May 2021 and treated and followed up in our clinic were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups according to treatment method. The patients who received MT treatment were defined as Group 1, anticoagulant treatment after ST as Group 2, and anticoagulant treatment after PMT as Group 3. The patients were called to the outpatient clinic, informed consent was obtained, EuroQol-5D-3 L (EQ-5D-3 L) scoring and Villalta scoring were performed, and anamnesis was taken.

Results

A total of 160 patients were included, with 71 (44.4%) patients in Group 1, 45 (28.1%) in Group 2, and 44 (27.5%) in Group 3. The mean age was 48.9 ± 14.9 years for Group 1, 42.2 ± 10.8 for Group 2, and 29.0 ± 7.2 for Group 3. When the time to return to normal life and the EQ-5D-3 L score index were compared, the differences between Groups 1 and 2 and between Groups 1 and 3 were statistically significant ( P = .000 and P = .000, respectively). However, the differences between Groups 2 and 3 were statistically insignificant ( P = .213 and p = .074, respectively). When Villalta scores and EQ Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) scores were compared between groups, the difference between all groups was statistically significant ( P = .000).

Conclusions

The medical treatment alone was observed to be insufficient in terms of symptomatic improvement, development of PTS, quality of life, and long-term complications. When the ST and PMT groups were compared, it was determined that PMT treatment was more advantageous in terms of EQ-VAS score and PTS development, although there was no statistical difference regarding complications, such as return to normal life and long-term quality of life, the incidence of recurrent DVT development, and pulmonary thromboembolism incidence.
Understanding the menopausal experiences of women with intellectual disabilities: A scoping review
Authors: Moore Katie , Reidy Mary , Foran Sinead
Published: June 2023

During the process of ageing, women experience important hormonal, endocrine and biological changes. Menopause is a natural phenomenon in female development, during which women’s ovarian function shifts from a reproductive to a non-reproductive state. The experience of menopause is unique for every woman, including women with intellectual disabilities. Globally, the available literature on women with intellectual disabilities and menopause focuses on providing medical insights into onset and symptoms and little attention has been paid to documenting how menopause affects women themselves. This represents a significant gap in understanding how women understand this change in life and has been a key justification for the need for this research. This scoping review aims to consider published studies capturing the perceptions, experiences and attitudes of women with intellectual disabilities and their caregivers as they transition through the menopause.