bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of Autonomous Vehicles in Mixed Traffic under different Demand Conditions
Authors: M. Azam  , S.A. Hassan  , O.C. Puan  , S.F. Azhari  , R.U. Faiz
Published: December 2022

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) are considered one of the potential solutions to future urban mobility with several promised benefits regarding safety and traffic operation. Despite of expected benefits, these vehicles will take decades to have full market penetration and before that, AVs will co-exist with Conventional Vehicles (CVs), which may affect the performance of AVs owing to different driving logic than CVs. The aim of this study is to quantify the impacts of varying penetrations of AVs when introduced in mixed traffic conditions. The study employed simulation environment VISSIM to study the different scenarios based on the percentage of AVs in mixed traffic, category of AVs and varying demand levels. The findings show that at lower demand levels (1000 veh/hr and 2000 veh/hr), CVs and three categories of AVs produced similar results. However, cautious and normal AVs negatively affect traffic operations when the demand level is increased. At demand-3 (3000 veh/hr), the penetration rates of cautious AVs greater than 50% shows negative impact on performance. At demand-4 (4000 veh/hr), even a small proportion (25%) of cautious AVs can negatively affect performance, and a similar effect is observed for normal AVs with a penetration rate greater than 75%. For speed, the minimum reduction with the increase in demand is observed for aggressive AVs, followed by conventional vehicles, normal AVs and cautious AVs. It can be concluded that the aggressive AVs produced better delays, queue length, speed and conflicts than CVs, cautious AVs and normal AVs at the highest demand levels.
Utilization of Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) Chip Fan on SS304 During Milling Process to Increase Carbide Tool Life
Authors: Sifa Agus , Endramawan Tito , Suwandi Dedi , Putra Muhammad Pratama , Amat Muhammad Azwar
Published: December 2022

Minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) is the most used recent method in the milling process that is economical and environmentally friendly. The MQL method can reduce the temperature during the milling process. The high temperature that occurs in the carbide tool will affect the tool’s life. The use of cooling fluid is a common method to reduce high temperatures. However, the remaining cooling fluid has an impact on the pollution of the environment. Therefore, in this study, a novel approach for a cooling system based on the combined MQL method and fan cooling device was introduced and called an MQL Chip fan. The effect of the MQL Chip fan on the temperature, tool life, and surface roughness was investigated. The Taylor equation was used to calculate tool life based on temperature data from an experimental investigation. Subsequently, the quality inspection was conducted by using a surface roughness tester. The spindle speed and depth of cut have proven to make a great impact on the peak temperature, but, there is an optimal point where spindle speed made a turbulence and the tool had a passive cooling system. The utilization of the MQL Chip fan has decreased temperature by more than half at a medium speed of 2241 rpm and made a high contribution for low-speed processing and only a slight contribution for high-speed processing. Based on Tool Life prediction, 3600 RPM with a 3 mm depth of cut has more efficient performance compared to 2241 rpm with the same depth of cut. The utilization of the MQL Chip fan contributes significantly to the roughness value; the Ra value decreased from 1.374 μm to 0.461 μm. It has been proven that the utilization of an MQL Chip fan in the milling process reduces temperature and also increases the tool life.
Regulae Iuris: A Lasting and Universal Vehicle of Legal Knowledge
Authors: Dębiński Antoni , Pyter Magdalena , Skřejpek Michal
Published: December 2022

The article discusses the significance of Latin legal rules (regulae iuris, maximae iuris, dicta) for European legal culture. One of the areas explored by the authors is the relationship between the content of these rules and the language in which they were written down, i.e. Latin. Section one provides an overview of the origin, sources, and techniques of formulating legal rules by the jurisprudence of the ancient Roman state, with particular focus on the history of development of ius Romanum. After the dissolution of the Western Roman Empire (476 AD), the Church became the custodian of the values embedded in Roman law in Western Europe. Not only did she treasure precious scrolls containing ancient legal wisdom for the future generations but also implemented many Roman regulations in her internal legal system, as expressed in the paroemia Ecclesia vivit lege romana. This issue is addressed in section two. An important vehicle of disseminating the Roman legal thought, including its paroemias, was the Latin language. The ancient Romans contributed to its increasing circulation through rapid political expansion. Over time, Latin also elevated to the rank of the language of the Western Church. Because of that, it continued to prevail, also as a durable carrier of legal knowledge. This phenomenon is discussed in section three. The last section covers some facets of the use, application, and impact of Latin legal rules on modern legal science.
Legal and Non-Legal Image of Fox Hunting and Shooting – the Impact of Globalization on National and International Perceptions of the World
Authors: Matulewska Aleksandra Ewelina
Published: December 2022

The aim of this paper is to provide some insight into legal definitions of fox hunting in the United Kingdom and polowanie na lisy in the Republic of Poland and to scrutinize the differences in the legal meaning of the two terms in question and their social perception. The goal of the study is to show that apparently similar concepts may in fact differ significantly and treating them as equivalents may lead to miscommunication. The author will apply the following research methods: the comparative law analysis of legal concepts of fox hunting and polowanie na lisy, and the lexical analysis of the terms in question in legal and non-legal genres. The research findings strongly indicated that globalization and social media have a massive impact on perceptions of various phenomena by people, who frequently stereotype the reality, assuming that well-distributed and popularized “foreign” is identical to “native”. The misunderstanding of such culture-bound terminology may have serious consequences which are already visible in social debates and may negatively affect the legislative process.
Rights and Obligations of Subjects of Legal Relations of Use of Hunting Natural Resources
Authors: Danylyuk L.R.
Published: December 2022

Subjects of legal relations of use of hunting natural resources are their participants, who are endowed with subjective rights and legal obligations, are able to exercise these subjective rights and fulfill the corresponding legal obligations, and bear legal responsibility for non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of legal obligations, exceeding the limits of exercising one’s subjective rights.Subjects of legal relations of use of hunting natural resources can be divided into main and additional according to the degree of participation in these legal relations.To main subjects of legal relations of use of hunting natural resources belong: 1) users of hunting grounds; 2) owners and/or users of land sections on which hunting grounds are located; 3) state authorities in the field of hunting economy; 4) hunters. And to additional: 1) individuals and legal entities who act as one of the parties to contracts regarding hunting products and hunting trophies; 2) individuals-entrepreneurs and legal entities engaged in hunting dog breeding; 3) individuals who use hunting natural resources in the order of general use and individuals and legal entities who use them in the order of special use in so-called secondary types of use; 4) public organizations of hunters; 5) public environmental protection inspectors and public hunting inspectors.Rights and obligations of subjects of legal relations of use of hunting natural resources, due to the specificity of the legal relations themselves and a wide range of their potential participants, are characterized by volume and spread both within the framework of the Law of Ukraine “On Hunting Economy and Hunting” and other normative-legal acts.Therefore, the definition and systematization of rights and obligations fixed by legislation for specific subjects of legal relations of use of hunting natural resources are relevant.The purpose of this article is to study and organize legally defined rights and obligations of subjects of use of hunting natural resources.Accordingly, in this article the attempt is made, through the detailed analysis of special legislation, to establish the system of rights and obligations of main and additional subjects of legal relations of use of hunting natural resources.
Construction of dispositions of articles that provide criminal legal protection of the journalist
Authors: Sozanskyi T.I.
Published: December 2022

The article deals with the analysis of the norms of the current Criminal Code of Ukraine, which regulate public relations in the sphere of protection of the legal activity of journalists, in the part that concerns the construction of these criminal law norms.The range of criminal offenses that provide criminal legal protection of the legal activity of journalists has been defined. A study of the provisions defining the concept of a journalist in general was carried out, and a list of features that stand out in various specialized legislative acts was clarified and summarized into a single criminal-legal understanding of the concept of a journalist as a victim in a certain category of criminal offenses.A study of draft laws proposing amendments and additions to the provisions of the current criminal law legislation was conducted. Inconsistencies between the concepts used in the draft law and the current legislation have been identified. It was established that the proposed changes to the current Criminal Code of Ukraine are not always sufficiently justified and logical; somewhere they create problems with the same understanding of the same concept, which is used in different criminal law norms. The problem with the application of the concept of «journalist», which is proposed to be significantly expanded, is also considered, so its previous meaning and the practical possibility of its application are lost. It has been studied that the term «influence in any form» implies absolutely all possible variants of influence with the use of any tools or means, and therefore does not require any addition or clarification.It has been found that in some draft laws it is proposed to use legal constructions, the effectiveness of which has not been proven in criminal law, both in theory and in practice, and administrative prejudice is separately attributed to such constructions.A general analysis of criminal legal norms providing criminal legal protection of journalists was conducted, and certain similarities between them and other related criminal legal norms were determined.
МЕТАФІЗИЧНА ТЕОРІЯ ОСОБИСТОСТІ ЯК ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧ- НЕ ПІДҐРУНТЯ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ІСТОРИЧНИХ ДИСЦИПЛІН
Authors: Сабадуха Володимир
Published: December 2022

Проаналізовано можливості метафізичної теорії особистості у процесі викладання історичних дисциплін та сформульовано онтологічний підхід до розуміння історичних подій, змістом якого є трансформація знеособлених форм суспільного буття в особистісні. Доведено конструктивний потен- ціал метафізичної теорії особистості на прикладах з історії України. Обґрунтовано, що зріла особис- тість позитивно впливає на життєдіяльність як окремої людини, так і нації в цілому. Історія до цього часу має знеособлений характер, який себе вичерпав як в Україні, так і у світі. Трагічність ситуації полягає в тому, що необхідність трансформації знеособленої парадигми буття людини в особистісну не усвідомлюють ані філософи, ані історики. Доведено, що аналіз соціально-політичних та духовних якос- тей історичних діячів крізь призму метафізичної теорії особистості сприятиме не лише більш змістов- ному розумінню історії, але й духовному розвитку молодої людини, а дійсним суб’єктом історії є осо- бистість – діяч, який керується інтересами суспільства й держави. Предметом дослідження науковця- історика має бути конфлікт знеособленого й особистісного, що складає сутність історичних подій. Сформульовано Я-концепцію історика в умовах необхідності трансформації знеособленої парадигми буття людини в особистісну.

Ключові слова: метафізична теорія особистості, знеособлена парадигма буття людини, осо- бистісна парадигма буття людини, історична подія, інтерес, спонукання, Я-концепція історика.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ В УСРР У 1920-х РОКАХ НА ПРИКЛАДІ ПОЛЬСЬКОЇ ТА НІМЕЦЬКОЇ МЕНШИНИ
Authors: СІНКЕВИЧ Євген
Published: December 2022

Невід’ємною складовою частиною історії України є історія окремих національних груп, які мешкали на її теренах. Народ України віддавна окрім титульної нації українців складався з росіян, євреїв, поляків, німців, греків, вірмен та інших національних груп. Особливою віхою в історії України стали події, що розгорнулися на завершальній стадії і по завершенні Першої світової війни. Початок 1920-х років в Україні ознаменувався вибухонебезпечним загостренням міжетнічних відносин, безпо- середньою основою якого було катастрофічне погіршення умов господарювання та голод, що торкнувся всіх етнічних груп1. Давалися взнаки наслідки Першої світової війни, політика “воєнного комунізму”, братовбивча громадянська війна, не вирішене аграрне питання. В українській історіографії і дотепер системно і всебічно не досліджені особливості соціально-економічного та культурного розвитку україн- ського суспільства в контексті національної політики радянської держави, місця сільських рад у су- спільно-політичних і соціально-економічних перетвореннях на селі, не визначено наскільки сільські ради виконали функцію основного структурного елементу при розбудові радянської влади. Перехід до НЕПу, передача владних повноважень на селі сільським радам, політика “коренізації” мали на меті підго- тувати передумови для покращення ситуації щодо управління аграрном сектором економіки, проведення політичної лінії ВКП(б) на селі. Яким чином ці зміни були підкріплені законодавством і конкрентими діями центральних та місцевих органів алади розглянемо на прикладі польської та німецької націо- нальної меншини в УСРР у 1923–1929 роках і ролі сільських рад у процесі “радянізації” села.

Ключові слова: “радянізації” села, НЕП, німецька національна меншина, польська національна меншина.
Jonathan Edwards on the proofs of the existence of God
Authors: Loginov Evgeny
Published: December 2022

This article analyzes the proofs for the existence of God offered by Jonathan Edwards. The notes known as "Miscellanies" as well as several other documents are the subject of the analysis. Edwards admits that it is not easy to prove the existence of God because of the corruption of human nature. If we did not already know a theistic thesis, we could hardly discover it ourselves, with our own reason. But this thesis is already known, and our disposition toward order, our search for causes, and our thirst for justice point to a disposition to seek proofs for the existence of God. A study of the sources shows that Edwards used various strategies to justify the thesis of God's existence. I show that these strategies depend on different types of assumptions and produce different results. The cosmological argument from contingency is supported by the idealist argument, the Eleatic-style reasoning, and the ontological argument. The idealist argument is based on J. Locke's assumption that solidity is an intrinsic characteristic of physical things. Edwards shows then that physical things do not possess an independent existence, for solidity can be reduced to resistance, and resistance is always resistance to something. What might be called the Eleatic argument is to prove the existence of something eternal. It depends on the referential understanding of the term "nothingness." The ontological argument proves the existence of something necessary. It depends on the meaningfulness of the concept "there is non else besides him". The cosmological argument from contingency therefore can only justify the existence of something necessary, eternal, and immaterial. However, this is not sufficient to justify theism. The cosmological argument from causality is based on the self-evidentness of the law of causality and shows the existence of a necessary first cause. The various teleological arguments justify the claim that there is an intelligent creator. The analogy between the mind of the creator and the human mind serves Edwards to refute deism and justify the need for religious worship of God.
The synthesis and applications of oligonucleotide-modified nucleotides
Authors:   , Medžiūnė Justina
Published: December 2022

Oligonukleotidais modifikuotų nukleotidų sintezė ir panaudojimas
Atsikratymas vaikais sovietmečio Lietuvoje: tėvai, valstybė ir nereikalingi vaikai
Authors:   , Balčiūnė Ieva
Published: December 2022

Abandonment of children in Soviet Lithuania: parents, unwanted children, and the state
Ola ir dvi saulės. Filosofija sovietų Lietuvoje (1944–1986). Institucijos, asmenybės, idėjos
Authors:   , Peluritis Laurynas
Published: December 2022

The cave and two suns. Philosophy in Soviet Lithuania (1944–1986). Institutions, personalities, ideas
Brief considerations of adherence to treatment from a subjective perspective
Authors: Silva Junior Antonio Rego da
Published: December 2022

This opinion article aims to reflect on the issue of adherence to treatment from the perspective of human subjectivity, which is implicitly manifested in the relationships between professionals and users. In this sense, raising intersubjectivities and present affections provide greater adherence to the health care proposal, as well as the strengthening of bonds and the reduction of iatrogenic events in the field of health.
ESP STUDENTS’ USE OF APPRAISAL LANGUAGE IN TOURISM BLOGS
Authors: Marsakawati Ni Putu Era
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThis study investigated how ESP students used appraisal language in their tourism blogs. The research design used in this study was a qualitative content analysis. The data sources of this research were ten tourism blogs written by the seventh-semester students taking English for Tourism course. These blogs were selected based on several criteria: a) they were written by students who had good writing skills, and b) they promoted tourism spots in Bali. The obtained data were analyzed by using several steps, namely a) determining the single clause that existed in each sentence; b) identifying clauses based on appraisal theory (attitude, engagement, and graduation), c) categorizing clauses into appraisal language, and d) concluding. The results showed that students realized appraisal language through three types of resources: attitude, engagement, and graduation. Attitude was realized through appreciation and affect; Engagement was realized through expansion and contraction; and Graduation was realized through force and focus. This study implies that to create tourism blogs well, students do not only simply include appraisal language in their writing but also learn how to use them in purposeful and strategic ways.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana mahasiswa ESP menggunakan appraisal language  pada tourism blogs.  Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis konten kualitatif. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah sepuluh tourism blog yang ditulis oleh mahasiswa semester VII  yang mengambil mata kuliah English for Tourism. Tourism blogs ini dipilih berdasarkan beberapa kriteria: a) tourism blogs ditulis oleh mahasiswa yang memiliki keterampilan menulis yang baik, dan b) tourism blogs mempromosikan destinasi wisata di Bali. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan beberapa langkah, yaitu a) menentukan klausa yang ada pada tiap kalimat; b) mengidentifikasi klausa sesuai dengan teori appraisal (attitude, enggagement dan graduation), c) mengelompokkan klausa ke dalam appraisal language, dan d) menarik simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa merealisasikan appraisal language melalui tiga jenis resources: attitude, engagement, dan graduation. Attitude direalisasikan melalui appreciation dan affect; Engagement direalisasikan melalui expansion dan constraction; dan Graduation direalisasikan melalui force dan focus. Penelitian ini menyiratkan bahwa untuk membuat tourism blog yang baik, mahasiswa tidak hanya sekedar memasukkan appraisal language dalam tulisan mereka tetapi juga belajar bagaimana menggunakannya dengan cara yang strategis.How to Cite: Marsakawati, Ni P. E.(2022). ESP Students’ Use of Appraisal Language in Tourism Blogs. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 9(2), 289-310. doi:10.15408/ijee.v9i2.24574
PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ EXPLORATION ON TECHNOLOGY-ENHANCED LANGUAGE LEARNING (TELL): OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Ikawati Listiana
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThe availability of various technological devices to support language learning which are considered as TELL is worthy of being explored by teachers. This research is intended to understand the views of pre-service teachers about the opportunities and challenges in their exploration of TELL. A sequential explanatory mixed methods design was used to obtain data from 34 pre-service English teachers previously studying TELL course in the fifth semester. In the first phase of the study, the participants were involved in a survey to obtain their general perspectives on TELL exploration. A subsequent phase involved 5 participants joining semi-structured interviews to clarify the data from the first phase. The finding of the study indicates that the opportunities for TELL exploration for pre-service teachers are contributed by the benefits of TELL. In contrast, though undoubtedly necessary, TELL exploration was challenged by some factors, including its basic ICT requirement; its costly features and training; and teachers’ lack of experience, competence, and resources to access technology. Considering the needs, opportunities, and challenges, language teacher education should boost more exposure to TELL for pre-service teachers through TELL exploration in formal training and encourage them to keep developing their professionalism through informal training and other relevant sources on TELL. ABSTRAKKetersediaan berbagai perangkat teknologi untuk mendukung pembelajaran Bahasa yang dianggap sebagai TELL layak untuk dieksplorasi oleh para guru. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk memahami pandangan calon guru tentang peluang dan tantangan dalam eksplorasi mereka terhadap TELL. Desain sequential explanatory mixed methods digunakan untuk memperoleh data dari 34 calon guru yang sebelumnya mempelajari mata kuliah TELL di semester 5. Pada fase pertama penelitian, peserta dilibatkan dalam sebuah survey untuk memperoleh perskpektif umum mereka tentang eksplorasi TELL. Tahap selanjutnya melibatkan 5 peserta yang mengikuti wawancara semi terstruktur untuk memperjelas data pada tahap pertama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peluang explorasi TELL bagi calon guru berasal dari manfaat TELL. Sebaliknya, meskipun sangat diperlukan, eksplorasi TELL terhambat oleh beberapa faktor, termasuk persyaratan TIK dasar TELL, fitur dan pelatihan TELL yang mahal, dan kurangnya pengalaman, kompetensi, dan sumber daya guru untuk mengakses teknologi. Mempertimbangkan kebutuhan, peluang dan tantangan tersebut, pendidikan guru bahasa harus mendorong lebih banyak paparan TELL bagi calon guru melalui eksplorasi TELL dalam pelatihan formal dan mendorong mereka untuk terus mengembangkan profesionalisme melalui pelatihan informal dan sumber relevan lainnya tentang TELL.How to Cite: Ikawati, L.(2022). Pre-Service Teachers’ Exploration on Technology-Enhanced Language Learning (TELL): Opportunities and Challenges. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 9(2), 266-288-210. doi:10.15408/ijee.v9i2.27944
Obesity-diabetes-endocrinopathy – the metabolic connection
Authors:   Department of Endocrinology, Medical Center of Postgraduate Education, Bielański Hospital, Warsaw, Poland, Kozakowski Jarosław , Dudek Piotr ,   Department of Endocrinology, Medical Center of Postgraduate Education, Bielański Hospital, Warsaw, Poland, Zgliczyński Wojciech ,   Department of Endocrinology, Medical Center of Postgraduate Education, Bielański Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
Published: December 2022

Introduction and aim. The article outlines the mechanisms of interrelationships between obesity, type 2 diabetes, and certain disorders of the endocrine system. The paper explains how insulin resistance develops, which is a key link between obesity and several related disorders, how hypercortisolemia leads to the development of obesity and glucose intolerance, why thyroid dysfunctions are bidirectionally associated with metabolic disturbances, in what way excessive body weight leads to the hypogonadism in men, or how menopause promotes the development of abdominal obesity, carbohydrate intolerance and, in some cases type 2 diabetes. Material and methods. Scientific articles were reviewed by searching for information using the online database with scientific articles, including PubMed, Google Scholar and other available scientific databases. Analysis of the literature. The huge prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and hormonal disorders (e.g., autoimmune thyroid disease, female and male hypogonadism) over the contemporary world together with the serious health consequences of these conditions makes up a specific triangle of metabolic connections, increasingly absorbing the human, organizational and financial resources of health systems. Conclusion. Recognizing the relationship between the components of this triangle and understanding the risks arising from this phenomenon may allow to effectively reduce its impact on our health.
Emotional Dynamics of Populism and Its Non-Populist Alternatives: Discussing the Role of Compassion and Pride
Authors:   Nicolaus Copernicus University (Poland), Wawrzyński Patryk ,   University of Szczecin (Poland), Marszałek-Kawa Joanna ,   Nicolaus Copernicus University (Poland)
Published: December 2022

The paper discusses populist appeals to emotions in political communication, considering their role in the proliferation of political polarisation and radicalisation. Revisiting the Emotional Rescue Model of anger, enthusiasm, and fear, we considered pride and compassion low-arousal alternatives to populist storytelling. In the experiments, we tested how participants (n=364) respond to appeals to pride and compassion in their brain activity, emotional expressions, prosocial behaviour, attitude change, and memorisation. In the paper, we primarily discussed the results of the fMRI (neuroimaging) study and compared them with the previous studies on authentic pride, compassion, empathy, and reappraisal. Considering similarities in the activation of the superior and middle temporal gyri, temporal pole, inferior frontal gyrus, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, we argue that compassionate political narratives should be the most effective low-arousal alternative to populist storytelling. Moreover, stimulation of the reappraisal-related network in that group suggests that participants reframed emotional negativity into prosocial acts of caring and helping, also re-evaluating their attitudes.
Medicinal Potential of the Insoluble Extracted Fibers Isolated from the Fomes fomentarius (Agaricomycetes) Fruiting Bodies: A Review
Authors: Kalitukha Liudmila , Galiano Alvaro , Harrison Francisco
Published: December 2022

The tough, hoof-shaped fruiting bodies of the tinder conk mushroom, Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr. (Polyporaceae, Agaricomycetes), were traditionally used all over the world as tinder to start fire, for ritual purposes, to make artworks like clothing, frames, ornaments, and also to cure various human diseases (wounds, gastro-intestinal disorders, liver-related problems, inflammations, various cancers, etc.). The first wave of scientific interest in F. fomentarius in Europe dates back to the early 1970s with the discovery of the red-brown pigments of the F. fomentarius external layer. Since then, a number of research papers and reviews have mentioned the history of use, taxonomy, composition and medicinal properties of some F. fomentarius preparations, e.g., soluble extracts and their fractions, isolated cell walls, mycelia and compounds purified from the culture broth. The present review is focused on the composition and benefits of the water-insoluble cell walls obtained from the F. fomentarius fruiting bodies. Isolated cell walls of the tinder mushroom reveal a fibrous hollow structure with an average diameter of 3-5 μm and a wall thickness of 0.2-1.5 μm. Naturally, the fibers are composed of 25-38% glucans, with a majority of β-glucans, around 30% polyphenols, 6% chitin and less than 2% hemicellulose. The percentage of the main structural compounds can vary either slightly or considerably, depending on the extraction conditions. According to in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo as well as clinical studies, F. fomentarius fibers can modulate the immune system, contribute to intestinal health, accelerate wound healing, absorb heavy metals, organic dyes and radionuclides, normalize kidney and liver function, and provide antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Multiple action of the insoluble cell walls purified from the F. fomentarius fruiting bodies is particularly effective in the treatment of chronic, recurring, complicated multifactorial diseases. It is certainly worth exploring the medicinal potential and the practical application of these preparations further.
Fatty Acids Composition of Basidiocarps of Some Wood Associated Medicinal Mushrooms (Agaricomycetes) from India
Authors: Azeem Uzma , Shri Richa , Dhingra Gurpaul Singh
Published: December 2022

In this investigation, crude fat contents and fatty acid compositions of lipids present in the basidiocarps of widely distributed, medicinally important, wild mushrooms (Fuscoporia torulosa, Inonotus pachyphloeus, Phellinus allardii, Ph. fastuosus, Ph. gilvus and Ph. sanfordii) collected from different localities of Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India were analyzed. Gas chromatography with flame ionization detector was performed to identify and quantify the individual fatty acids present in the lipids of each mushroom. Mushrooms exhibited comparable amounts of crude fats with maximum content (0.35%) in Ph. sanfordii. The dominant fatty acid in the examined mushrooms was palmitic acid (C16:0). Oleic acid (C18:1n9c) and linoleic acid (C18:2n6c) exhibited maximum contents among the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), respectively. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in F. torulosa, I. pachyphloeus and Ph. fastuosus were at higher concentrations than unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Ph. allardii, Ph. gilvus and Ph. sanfordii exhibited greater amounts of UFAs compared with SFAs. Among UFAs, MUFAs dominated the polyunsaturated ones except for I. pachyphloeus and Ph. sanfordii. Of the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the contents of ω6 PUFAs were higher than ω3 PUFAs except for Ph. gilvus. Interestingly, a single trans fatty acid, elaidic acid (C18:1n-9t) (0.54-2.34%) was noticed in F. torulosa, Ph. fastuosus and Ph. sanfordii only. The examined mushrooms also differed in UFAs/SFAs, MUFAs/SFAs, PUFAs/SFAs, ∑ω6/∑ω3 and (linoleic acid) C18:2n6c/(oleic acid) C18:1n9c ratios. The presence of essential and non-essential fatty acids may make the examined mushrooms befitting candidates for use in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals.
EFFECT OF THE TYPE OF UNIT CELL CONNECTION IN A METAMATERIAL ON ITS PROGRAMMABLE BEHAVIOR
Authors: Akhmetshin Linar R. , Smolin Igor Yu.
Published: December 2022

In this work, samples of a mechanical metamaterial with tetrachiral topology were studied by mathematical modeling. Two types of unit cell connections in the metamaterial were considered: adjoining and overlapping. The adjoining method led to the formation of double-thickness internal walls in the sample, which were considered to be topological defects in the metamaterial. The mechanical response and effective properties of the metamaterials were determined and analyzed by numerical simulations of the uniaxial loading. The results showed that the sample with higher effective density exhibited a more compliant (i.e., a more pronounced) load-induced twisting effect and a lower effective Young's modulus. The results obtained can be used in the design of metamaterials with programmable properties.
Tan fè tan. Édouard Glissant et le génie du créole
Authors: CÉRY Loïc
Published: December 2022

Alors que le rapport inventif à la langue créole a déjà été abondamment abordé en ce qui concerne les écrivains de la créolité, un tel rapport dans l’œuvre d’Édouard Glissant est encore souvent négligé. Constat étonnant pour un écrivain chez qui le lien à la langue et au langage (dans une distinction qui lui était chère) implique à la fois une pensée de l’histoire, une analyse de la société et une conception de la littérature dans son commerce avec l’oralité. Selon une approche mêlant sociolinguistique (notamment du point de vue anthropologique) et analyse littéraire, cette contribution s’attache à prendre en compte ces aspects et ces enjeux à la fois en les envisageant selon les concepts glissantiens d’opacité et de Relation, mais aussi à l’épreuve de cas concrets issus des corpus narratif, poétique et théorique de l’œuvre littéraire d’Édouard Glissant, qui disait écrire « en présence de toutes les langues du monde » et qui n’a jamais cessé de créer à l’horizon du plurilinguisme.
Maxim Gorky’s World Literature Project
Authors: PONOMAREVA Anna
Published: December 2022

Ma contribution souligne l’importance du projet de littérature mondiale de Gorki (1918-1924) dans lequel la traduction occupe une place spéciale. Elle souligne aussi le pouvoir de la connaissance des langues. Des exemples illustrent le sens des initiatives de Gorki pour répandre les idées révolutionnaires, construire une nouvelle littérature et accueillir la théorie de la traduction dans l’édition juste après les événements de 1917 en Russie. Je présente aussi des éléments de discussion pour éclairer la transformation et le développement ultérieur de son projet de littérature mondiale au cours du XXe siècle.
Telugu literature in multilingual Mauritius
Authors: DALLIAH Rajwantee
Published: December 2022

Immigration et globalisation ont conduit à l’émergence du multilinguisme à l’île Maurice. Les langues indiennes ont un impact important sur ce multilinguisme de Maurice concernant près de 49% de la population totale. Bien que le télougou puisse être considéré comme une langue minoritaire, si on se fonde sur le nombre de locuteurs, de nombreuses organisations gouvernementales et socio-culturelles s’efforcent à promouvoir la langue et la littérature telugu dans le répertoire linguistique de la population. La littérature mauricienne en télougou compte déjà quelques récits, des poèmes et un large corpus de chants religieux et de pièces dramatiques. Cette étude examine le statut actuel du télougou et de la littérature dans le multilinguisme de l’île Maurice et propose un aperçu sur le telugu comme langue littéraire émergente.
Entre langue maternelle et langue(s) étrangère(s), une « voix-peau » plurilingue :
Authors: GREAVES Sara
Published: December 2022

Cet article explore l’espace entre la langue maternelle et la ou les langue(s) étrangère(s) à travers des pistes théoriques et des pratiques didactiques en études anglophones. À l’aide de concepts interdisciplinaires fondés sur la poétique, la sociolinguistique, la psychanalyse ou la traductologie, tels que la « langue mat-rangère », la « voix-peau plurilingue », la « traduction pellissienne » et « l’aporie de transmission », il prône la prise en compte de la corrélation entre langue et identité et la valorisation de la langue maternelle dans l’enseignement des langues. Il propose une approche pédagogique poïétique et plurilingue à base d’écriture et de traduction créatives, et présente des lectures analytiques de travaux d’étudiants anglicistes, en vue d’une méthode holistique qui prend en compte l’étudiant en langues dans sa globalité.
Atelier d’écriture plurilingue « à la pliure des langues »
Authors: MATHIS Noëlle
Published: December 2022

Cet article retrace les contours d’un atelier d’écriture plurilingue proposé à des conférenciers lors du colloque international « Écrire entre les langues – littérature, enseignement, traduction ». Il présente la proposition d’écriture plurilingue « à la pliure des langues » contenant les éléments déclencheurs de l’écriture, soit une pensée liée à l’écriture, des extraits de textes d’auteurs lus et partagés au groupe, puis deux mouvements d’écriture autour de bribes en « langue mineure ». Il est également accompagné de quelques textes écrits par des participants à l’atelier.
Atelier de désapprentissage de « la langue »
Authors: SUCHET Myriam , MUGNIER Donalie-An
Published: December 2022

Conçu comme un écho plus que comme un article, ce texte voudrait prolonger l’atelier qui s’est tenu à distance le 15 juin 2021. Lors de cet atelier, nous avons proposé aux participantEs d’expérimenter quelques-uns des objets en cours de conception avec Les Tables des Matières (Alice Ferré et Élise Gabriel) pour réaliser une mallette ou kit de désapprentissage de « la langue ». L’enjeu consiste à inviter les formatrices et formateurs à envisager le FLE non plus comme un français langue étrangère mais plutôt comme un français langue étrangée. Notre écriture à quatre mains se situe à la croisée d’une recherche-création littéraire et d’une action-médiation pédagogique. Puisse-t-elle vous donner l’élan de nous écrire pour nous faire part de vos rebonds, idées et retours pour mieux désapprendre !
УПРАВЛЕНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИМИ И СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНЫМИ ПАРАМЕТРАМИ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ НЕРАВЕНСТВ В АНТРОПОСОЦИЕТАЛЬНОЙ КОНЦЕПЦИИ
Authors: Демьяненко Василий Иванович
Published: December 2022

В контексте внутренних и внешних вызовов, стоящих перед страной, управление региональными неравенствами является актуальным вопросом для государственных органов, населения и представляет научный интерес для ученых. В процессе изучения региональных особенностей сложилась традиция выделять социально-экономические и социокультурные факторы. Несмотря на распространенное использование этих двух понятий, отсутствуют работы, сопоставляющие их.

Целью исследования является анализ научных источников относительно содержания социально-экономической и социокультурной компонент в контексте целостного описания регионов. Особый научный интерес представляет их рассмотрение в проблемном поле социологии управления в виде двух типов элементов региональной системы.

Методология. Теоретической и методологической основой для анализа выступает антропосоциетальный подход. В его рамках накоплена значительная практика описания регионов с помощью типового набора взаимосвязанных параметров. В качестве методологического средства при исследовании особенностей управления используется теория научной рациональности В. С. Степина. Исследуются двухкомпонентные модели общностей, прошедших апробацию временем.

Результаты исследования. В работе выделены ключевые отличия исследуемых двух типов параметров, показаны особенности их системной взаимосвязи и раскрыта специфика управления с учетом классических, неклассических и постнеклассических метапарадигм, описанных А. В. Тихоновым. Полученные результаты имеют теоретическое и практическое значение для ученых, изучающих развитие общностей с учетом социально-экономических и социокультурных факторов, а также экспертов в области государственного, регионального и муниципального управления.

Перспективы исследования. Понимание особенностей управления социетальной системой позволяет разрабатывать теоретико-методические подходы для успешной деятельности реальных субъектов, участвующих в развитии регионов. Дальнейшее исследование будет направлено на определение комплекса показателей для оценки функциональности и дисфункциональности деятельности органов власти в отношениях с социальными группами.
Türkiye’de çalışma süreleri, aşırı çalışma ve gelir esnekliği
Authors: TATLIYER Mevlüt , KAYA Hüseyin
Published: December 2022

Bu makalede ilk olarak Türkiye’de çalışma sürelerinin ve aşırı çalışma oranlarının çeşitli gruplarda 2004-2019 döneminde nasıl değişim gösterdikleri ortaya konulmaktadır. İkinci olarak, çalışma sürelerinin gelir esneklikleri çeşitli gruplar için tahmin edilmektedir. Makalenin temel amacı Türkiye’de neredeyse yok mesabesinde olan çalışma sürelerine dönük literatürün oluşumuna bir katkı sağlamaktır. Bu amaçla 2004-2019 yılları için TÜİK Hanehalkı İşgücü Araştırması (HİA) verileri kullanılmıştır. Yıllık HİA verileri birbirleriyle uyumlu hale getirilerek birleştirilmiş ve yaklaşık 2 milyon gözlemden oluşan kapsamlı bir veri seti oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma sürelerinin ücret esnekliği en küçük kareler yöntemi kullanılarak tahmin edilmiştir. Elde ettiğimiz temel sonuçlara göre; 1) Türkiye’de çalışma süreleri ve aşırı çalışma oranları çok yüksektir ve 2) her ikisi de 2011-2019 döneminde önemli ölçüde gerilemiş olmakla birlikte, Türkiye her ikisinde de dünyada ilk sıralarda kalmayı sürdürmüştür. Yine, 3) Türkiye’de çalışma süreleri bilhassa az eğitimlilerde, düşük ücretlilerde ve erkeklerde daha yüksektir. Ayrıca, 4) çalışma süreleri ilgili süreçte en çok tam da bu gruplarda düşmüş ve böylece gruplar arası farklılıklar hatırı sayılır ölçüde azalmıştır. Dahası, 5) çalışma süreleri özel sektörde kamuya kıyasla çok daha yüksektir ve 6) 2011-2019 döneminde çalışma sürelerinde yaşanan gerilemenin neredeyse tamamı özel sektörde gerçekleşirken çalışma süreleri kamuda neredeyse hiç değişmemiştir. Öte yandan; 1) gelir esnekliği tam zamanlı ve ücretli çalışanlarda oldukça düşük ve negatiftir. Ayrıca, tam zamanlı ve ücretli çalışanlar için olmak üzere; 2) en yüksek ve en düşük gelir gruplarında gelir esnekliği epey düşük ve pozitif iken 3) diğer gelir gruplarında esneklik görece yüksek ve negatiftir.
Evaluation of Greece’s unlawful actions against the aegean islands
Authors: ÖĞÜT Selman , DÜNDAR Sümeyye
Published: December 2022

There are several problems between Turkey and Greece that they can be examined under many separate headings. Problems such as continental shelf, territorial waters, airspace, and not least the Cyprus conflict, have become extremely difficult to deal with as both sides have their own legal arguments. These problems, which have been on the agenda especially since the 1970s, became political and diplomatic crises and continue to be so today as well. Even though it might be assumed that the existing problems have existed since the second half of the 20th century, the origins of these problems go back to the Ottoman Empire and the existence of Greece as an independent state. The main reason for this study is to shed light on the problem of the Aegean Islands—which are scattered in the form of islands, islets, and rocks right in front of the Turkish mainland in the Aegean Sea; remained under Turkish domination for 400 years; creates security concerns from a geopolitical standpoint and can be described as indispensable—and on Greece’s attitude towards the existing problems that goes against international law.
Yapay zeka'nın grafik tasarıma ve tasarımcıya etkisi
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Abdulkadir
Published: December 2022

Zaman, insanlık tarihinin en büyük sorunlarından biridir. Ömürleri kısa olan insanlar daha fazla zamana ihtiyaç duymakta ve dolayısıyla ölümsüz olmayı arzulamaktadırlar. Bu nedenle, insanlar zamanı daha verimli kullanmak için yeni teknolojiler geliştirmekte ve makinelerin insanlar gibi düşünüp düşünemeyeceğini tartışmaktadırlar. Teknolojik gelişmelerin güçlü örneklerinden biri olan yapay zekâ, analitik çözümleme ve bilişsel yetenekler ile hayatımızın her alanına yerleşmektedir. Bu durum, sanat alanında da kendini göstermektedir. Son yıllarda, yapay zekâ, grafik tasarım sanatının yeni çalışma alanlarından biri olmuş ve logo, web tasarım gibi grafik sanatının her alanında kullanılarak tüketicilere yönelik hizmetler sunmaktadır. Yapay zekâ ile yapılan bu çalışmalar, grafik tasarım ürünlerine yönelik üretkenlik, özgünlük ve işlevselliği tasarım kriterleri açısından değerlendirerek bazı sorgulamaları ve sorunları ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, sanatçılar ve müşteriler tarafından yapay zekâ ile ortaya konulan grafik tasarım çalışmaları tasarımcı kimliğini de sorgular hale getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada, yapay zekânın grafik tasarım ve tasarımcı üzerindeki etkisi incelenerek teknolojik açıdan kavramlar arasındaki bağlantı ele alınmıştır.
Usefulness of Administrative Data in Assessing the Service Quality and Technical Efficiency of Social Care Centres
Authors: Шталс Эдгарс , Цауркубуле Жанна , Константе Рита
Published: December 2022

Latvia, like other countries worldwide, faces the challenges of an ageing society, with an increasing proportion of elderly population group and the demand for long-term social care services at local level. The Latvian Social Protection and Labour Market Policy Guidelines for 2021–2027 include actions on the improvement of the quality monitoring and efficiency assessment system of social services. In this article, the authors evaluate the quality of 67 social care centres (SCC) in the period from 2011 to 2017, and technical efficiency (TE) of 64 SCCs in 2017 by using publicly available administrative data of SCCs. The aim of the work is to find out whether administrative data can be used in the evaluation of the quality of care at SCC and TE of SCC. The authors conclude that the analysis of administrative data does not allow one to determine the quality of SCC because administrative data do not contain predictors of the care process. The administrative data of SCC can be used in the evaluation of TE of SCC, where, depending on the applied method, set goals, and objectives, the obtained results can be used to determine the effectiveness of local government SCCs and to improve economic activity. Based on the content of the work, the authors point out the need to introduce unified quality indicators (QI) of the care process at SCCs of Latvia. This would ensure opportunities for control of the quality of care at SCCs, transparency of the care process, and quality assessment. In addition, QI can be used as a component in evaluating the efficiency of SCCs. The authors acknowledge that further research related to the assessment of SCC quality and efficiency in Latvia is needed.