bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical Constituents of Artemisia Annua are Potent Inhibitors of Alpha-Amylase in Type II Diabetes
Authors: Dilshad Erum , Mehmood Farkhanda , Tariq Rida , Munir Anum , Fazal Sahar
Published: January 2022

Objective: To identify the inhibitory effects of artemisinin and its derivatives against Alpha-Amylase in DiabetesII.Study Design: Insilico approaches using Bioinformatics techniques were used to access the effects of arteisininand its derivatives.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted comprising 6 month period at Capital University ofScience and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.Materials and Methods: In this work, the inhibitory effects of artemisinin and its derivatives were determinedby using in silico approach. For proper inhibitory effects, molecular docking and the pharmacokineticproperties of the ligand were identified.Results: Artemether was found to be the ligand that shows the best binding energy -7.08 Kcal/mol, stronghydrogen bonding, 4 alkyl bonds, 0 bumps, inhibition constant 13.26, and better pharmacokinetic properties. Ithas been selected as a lead compound as it is the most active compound for alpha-amylase inhibition.Conclusion: In future, this work can be used in wet-lab analysis to confirm its adequacy and efficacy.
Posmodernidad, gestión pública y tecnologías de la información y comunicación en la Administración pública de Ecuador
Authors: Barragán Martínez Xavier
Published: January 2022

Durante la emergencia sanitaria del covid-19 en Ecuador, se introdujeron nuevas prácticas en la Administración pública para minimizar los problemas burocráticos y mejorar la gestión pública tradicional. El propósito de este artículo es analizar, desde una mirada posmoderna, el nuevo paradigma de la Administración pública, las nuevas tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) y las innovaciones en la gestión pública de Ecuador. La base metodológica es analítica, descriptiva y cualitativa; la fuente primaria consistió en una encuesta realizada a 29 funcionarios públicos pertenecientes a cuatro de las cinco funciones del Estado. Los resultados evidencian innovaciones tecnológicas que pueden replicarse en las entidades públicas con necesidades de seguimiento y control de recursos, control de acceso y gestión documental y contable.
Dos valores básicos que debe cumplir la Administración pública: la eficacia y el control
Authors: Belandria García José Rafael , Martín Rebollo Luis
Published: January 2022

En esta entrevista el profesor Luis Martín Rebollo analiza las circunstancias que han ocasionado cambios en las Administraciones públicas contemporáneas, en el caso de España la descentralización del Estado y la incidencia del derecho europeo; el fenómeno de la hipernormatividad, de que no por muchas normas mejora la sociedad y en su lugar dificulta la gestión administrativa; en cuanto a la crisis por la pandemia del covid-19, el derecho puede paliar la crisis económica mediante ayudas, créditos, exenciones, etc., puede reorientar el crecimiento apostando por sectores más productivos o tecnológicos y debe dar mayor espacio a la ciencia por medio de su visibilidad y financiación; en la construcción del Estado de derecho, la idea de control institucional es decisiva; en tanto que para modernizar la Administración pública y acercarla al ciudadano son necesarias medidas concretas, realistas y visibles, así como a partir de la información la percepción social.
Analysis of Transient Buoyancy/Electroosmotic Driven Flow in a Vertical Microannulus with Velocity-Slip and Temperature-Jump
Authors: Oni Michael O. , Jha Basant K.
Published: January 2022

This article investigates the impact of electric body force on transient natural convection flow in a vertical microannulus with velocity slip and temperature jump. The governing momentum, energy, and Poisson-Boltzmann equations are presented for the current physical situation. The Laplace transform technique is employed to transform the governing partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations and then solved exactly in the Laplace domain using the method of undetermined coefficients. Line graphs and tables are simulated to properly explain the effect of various pertinent parameters entering flow formation and temperature distribution. It is found that the time taken to attain a steady-state solution significantly depends on slip-length and Electric Double Layer (EDL) length. In addition, the role of increasing the annular gap is to minimize the skin friction, electric field strength, and volumetric flow rate.
"From Dirt to Shirt": Australian Cotton Conferences Driving Industry Transformation
Authors: Edwards Deborah , Foley Carmela , Jasovska Pavlina
Published: January 2022

Although the literature identifies various benefits of business events, more work is required to investigate the ways in which such outcomes are achieved and how they fit into a whole of industry ecosystem. In this study, we apply the concept of sustainable business models to explore
elements and mechanisms of how values combining economic, social, and environmental stakeholder benefits are proposed, created, delivered, and captured through conferences. To study these nuances, we analyze the case of the Australian cotton industry conferences. Our findings suggest that
mechanisms of building industry community, forming a social platform, and managing sustainability solutions were core conference elements that led to desired industry changes. The study contributes to business events literature by delineating a means of achieving industry outcomes as a result
of organizing industry conferences. The article proposes a business model specifically reflective of the Australian cotton industry conferences.
Hitting the Right (memorable Experience) Notes: A Typology of Performers at the World Choir Games
Authors: Du Preez Elizabeth A. , Kruger Martinette
Published: January 2022

Tourism destinations actively pursue hosting a portfolio of events regularly, aiming to establish themselves as distinct host destinations. All of these events take place in unique contexts, offering diverse experiences to participant groups. Music festivals and concerts have attracted
the interest of researchers given the diversity of musical styles and target audiences. However, although being a globally popular musical style, choir events are underrepresented. This article describes participant segments of the World Choir Games held in South Africa; a first for the African
continent. A postevent online survey was used to collect data from 384 performers. Psychographic variables were used to segment the groups (perceived event experiences, motivations, level of involvement and attachment, host city perceptions). Exploratory factor analysis identified two involvement,
four motivational, and five event experience dimensions. Hierarchical cluster analysis distinguished between three groups labeled as Choristers, Exploring aficionados, and Followers. Across all segments, hedonia (enjoyment) remained the main motivator for participation. The first
two segments had the same levels of involvement and attachment, as well as the desire to experience triumph and prestige associated with this world-class competition. However, participants who had a greater interest in enjoyment, destination exploration, mastery, and communitas, reported greater
perceived experiences across all dimensions, and more positive host city perceptions. The third segment displayed significantly lower levels of motivation, experiences, and host city perceptions. The results highlight experience dimensions that warrant further investigation in the context
of performers as opposed to audiences. This knowledge assists event organizers to adapt event marketing and program content for similar events.
Filosopi Kearifan Lokal Tri Hita Karana Dalam Menjaga Kelangsungan Kelompok Wanita Tani “Jempiring” Kabupaten Badung
Authors: Diah Yuniti I Gusti Ayu , Wahyuni Anak Agung Ayu Rai , Tirtawati Anak Agung Rai , Suryathi Ni Wayan , Surya Putra I Gde Agoes Caskara
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze the sustainability of the “Jempiring” Women Farmers Group, Badung Regency through the implementation of tri hita karana local wisdom. This study uses secondary data sources. The types of data include qualitative data. The data analysis technique is using qualitative analysis. Based on the results of the discussion, it can be concluded that the sustainability of the Women Farmers Group (KWT) "Jempiring" in Badung Regency is still running. This is due to the belief of the group members to continue to implement the local wisdom of tri hita karana in terms of parayangan, pawongan and palemahan. The implementation of various rituals (religious ceremonies) as a form of devotion to Ida Hang Hyang Widhi Waca, for the yadnya human ceremony, as well as for the implementation of the nyomia butha kala ceremony, continues.
Pornographic And Social Economic Exposure Affect The Age Of Menarch
Authors: Nurmayani Winda , Utami Kusniyati , Mulianingsih Misroh , Romadonika Fitri , Syafraini BqRia
Published: January 2022

Background: Menarche is the first menstruation which occurs in middle age of adolescence before entering the reproductive period. Menarche can cause negative reactions in young women due to a lack of readiness and knowledge about personal hygine during menstruation, this is  can cause of UTI (Urinary Tract Infection). Asserted that the factors that influence menarche were nutritional status, exposure to mass media and fast food consumption. Media exposure to adolescents will enhance many aspects related to the sexual maturation of the adolescences. Aim of study is to determine the pornographic exposure and economic status in students.

Methods: A mix methods was match qualitative and quantitative research, the samples of the research used were 47 people, they were taken using purposive sampling technique.

Results: The results of this research showed that the age of menarche which occurred  were8 to 12 years old. Factors associated with the menarche were socioeconomic status (p-value 0.020) and exposure to pornography (p-value 0.037).

Conclusion: Pornographic and socio economic status affect the age of menarchthe results can be used as material for consideration to provide early reproductive health education and supervise children in using cellphones and internet access.
The Role Of Midwives And Participation Of Postpartum Mothers In Postpartum Family PlanningThe Role Of Midwives And Participation Of Postpartum Mothers In Postpartum Family Planning
Authors: Siregar Putra Apriadi , Tarigan Azhari Akmal , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Sitorus Muhammad Ancha , Hutasoit Evalina Franciska
Published: January 2022

Background: Postpartum birth control is one of the family planning programs that still have low coverage. Midwives have a big role in increasing postpartum family planning coverage. Postpartum mothers will often contact the midwife so that the midwife can advise the postpartum mother to use postpartum birth control. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of midwives and postpartum mothers in the use of postpartum family planning in the Asahan regency

Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design, the location study was Asahan regency, and the population was 81 postpartum mothers in Asahan Regency. The researcher used purposive sampling with the criteria of giving birth in the last one month and having more than two children. The instrument used was a questionnaire. This research will conduct cross-tabulation distribution.

Results: The results of the cross-tabulation showed that 24 birth control users at the midwife's clinic gave birth at a midwife clinic, 18 people gave birth at a midwife clinic (22.2%), and 21 people had postnatal health checks (25, 9%), received advice on using postpartum family planning as many as 15 people (18.5%) and received family planning counselling after delivery as many as 14 people (17.3%). This study indicated that postpartum family planning was carried out in the midwife clinic as many as 18 people (22.2%) and in the hospital or public health centres as many as nine people (11.1%). 

Conclusion: Postpartum mothers who do postpartum health checks to midwives are more likely to use postpartum family planning than postpartum mothers who do not undergo postpartum health checks. Postpartum mothers who advised to use postpartum family planning from a midwife will have a greater risk of using postpartum FP than postpartum mothers who do not receive postpartum FP.
Performance Tests to Modeling Future Climate–vegetation Interactions in Virtual World: an Option for Application of Remote Sensed and Statistical Systems
Authors: Hachmi Azeddine , Zbiri Asmae , Haesen Dominique , El Alaoui-Faris Fatima Ezzahrae , Vaccari David A.
Published: January 2022

Working in the virtual world is different to real experiment in field. Nowadays, with remote sensing and new analysis programs we can assure a quick response and with less costs. The problem is efficiency of these methods and formulation of an exact response with low errors to manage an environmental risk. The objective of this article is to ask question about performance of some tools in this decision making in Morocco. The study uses (Test 1: TaylorFit Multivariate Polynomial Regressions (MPR); Test 2: SAS Neural Network (NN) to modeling relationship between European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts dataset and NDVI eMODIS-TERRA at arid Eastern Morocco. The results revealed that the both test could accurately predict future scenario of water stress and livstock production decrease. The experience shows that virtual work with Artificial Intelligence is the future of ecological modeling and rapid decision-making in case of natural disasters.
Promoting Multiculturalism through a Decolonizing Process
Authors: Абу Расс Рувайда
Published: January 2022

Статья посвящена важности продвижения политики мультикультурализма в условиях деколонизации, а также историческим ограничениям, вызванным колониализмом и неолиберализмом – процессами, препятствующими, по мнению автора, развитию мультикультурного образования в современном обществе. В статье указываются условия, при которых возможно достижение основополагающих целей мультикультурного образования. Среди них – завершение процесса деколонизации, распространение концепции критической педагогики и развитие глобального образования.

This paper discusses the importance of promoting multiculturalism through a decolonizing process illustrating historical obstacles in terms of colonialism and neoliberalism that challenge the fostering of multicultural education in contemporary societies. To achieve real multicultural education, there is a need for carrying out a decolonizing process, adopting critical pedagogy and developing global education.
Fairy tales about animals as a tool in the education of morality in young children
Authors: Шербаева Ж.Р.
Published: January 2022

Фольклор – неиссякаемый источник нравственного воспитания детей, его роль в воспитании младших школьников несомненна. Произведения устного народного творчества дают богатейшие возможности для умственного развития, и в особенности для эстетического и нравственного воспитания учащихся. Народное творчество вбирает в себя жизненный опыт, коллективную мудрость, пропагандируя высокие нравственные нормы и эстетические идеалы. Автор анализирует киргизские народные сказки о животных как инструмент воспитания нравственности у детей младшего возраста.На примере особенностей сюжета, композиции и анализа образа лисы, распространенного в мировом фольклоре, автор показывает их влияние на восприятие учащихся.

Folklore is an inexhaustible source of moral education for children, its role in the education of younger schoolchildren is undeniable. The works of oral folk art provide the rich opportunities for mental development, and especially for the aesthetic and moral education of students. Folk art absorbs life experience, collective wisdom, promoting high moral standards and aesthetic ideals. The author analyzes Kyrgyz fairy tales about animals as a tool for moral education of young children. By the example of the features of the plot, composition and analysis of the image of the fox, common in world folklore, the author shows their influence on the perception of students.
A photonic crystal material for the online detection of nonpolar hydrocarbon vapors
Authors: Bolshakov Evgenii Sergeevich , Ivanov Aleksander Vadimovich , Kozlov Andrei Arkad’evich , Aksenov Anton Sergeevich , Isanbaeva Elena Vladimirovna , Kushnir Sergei Evgen’evich , Yapryntsev Aleksei Dmitrievich , Baranchikov Aleksander Evgen’evich , Zolotov Yury Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2022

A modern level of nanotechnology allows us to create conceptually new test systems for chemical analyses and to develop sensitive and compact sensors for various types of substances. However, at present, there are very few commercially available compact sensors for the determination of toxic and carcinogenic substances, such as organic solvents that are used in some construction materials. This article contains an overview of how 3D photonic crystals are used for the creation of a new test system for nonpolar organic solvents. The morphology and structural parameters of the photonic crystals, based upon a crystalline colloidal array with a sensing matrix of polydimethylsiloxane, have been determined by using scanning electron microscopy and by the results of specular reflectance spectroscopy based on the Bragg–Snell law. A new approach has been proposed for the application of this sensor in chemical analysis for the qualitative detection of saturated vapors of volatile organic compounds due to configuration changes of the photonic bandgap, recorded by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The exposure of the sensor to aromatic (benzene, toluene and p-xylene) and aliphatic (n-pentane, n-heptane, n-octane and n-decane) hydrocarbons has been analyzed. The reconstitution of spectral parameters of the sensor during the periodic detection of saturated vapors of toluene has been evaluated.
Estudio estadístico de la influencia de la distribución geométrica del cátodo en la producción de energía eléctrica en una celda de combustible microbiana de sedimentos
Authors: Feregrino-Rivas Marlenne , Ramírez-Pereda Blenda , Estrada-Godoy Francisco
Published: January 2022

El impacto negativo al ambiente por la explotación y generación de energía a partir de combustibles fósiles impone la necesidad de búsquedas de nuevas fuentes de energías renovables y sustentables. Las Celdas de Combustible Microbianas de Sedimentos (CCM-S) son una tecnología en desarrollo para la producción de bioelectricidad. Se ha demostrado que algunos microorganismos presentes en sedimentos de ambientes fluviales son capaces de producir electrones durante las reacciones bioquímicas de su metabolismo. Uno de los aspectos fundamentales en la eficiencia de una CCM-S son los electrodos del biorreactor. La presente investigación se enfocó en el estudio y demostración estadística de la influencia del diseño del cátodo de una CCM-S sobre la producción de bioelectricidad a partir de sedimentos fluviales. Se diseñaron dos cátodos de una CCM-S no dividida. Los electrodos fueron fabricados de Fibra de Carbono Unidireccional (FCU). El área total del ánodo fue de 81 cm2, los cátodos evaluados tuvieron áreas de 81 cm2 y 40.5 cm2. Se colectaron muestras de sedimentos y agua del Río Culiacán. El volumen total de trabajo fue de 1500 ml. Se estudiaron dos CCM-S, en el primer biorreactor el cátodo fue colocado verticalmente y sumergido en el electrolito de trabajo, mientras el cátodo de la segunda celda fue colocado horizontal y parcialmente sumergido. Se determinó la diferencia de potencial eléctrico producido por ambas celdas durante 40 días y se monitorearon algunos parametros físicos. Los resultados de ambas CCM-S fueron comparados y las distribuciones de voltaje obtenidas fueron caracterizadas estadísticamente empleando el software R. Además se realizó un ANOVA mediante el test de Welch y comparaciones robustas mediante la función Lincon para comprobar la existencia de diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos. Los resultados demostraron que es posible obtener energía eléctrica a partir de los sedimentos fluviales. Se obtuvieron valores máximos de voltaje de 513 mV y 664.7 mV para las celdas 1 y 2, respectivamente, evidenciando que la disposición del cátodo en la celda influye en la energía producida. El estudio estadístico avanzado comprobó que existen diferencias significativas entre las medias de las distribuciones de voltaje de ambas celdas, con un p-value de 0.01 con un nivel de confianza de 95%.
Pengaruh Efisiensi dan Transparansi Terhadap Kinerja Pertumbuhan Kabupaten Bekasi
Authors: Waluyo Puji
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of efficiency and transparency variables on the growth performance of Kabupaten Bekasi. The results of the study found that there was a significant effect at the 5 percent significance level between the perception of partial transparency on growth performance in Kabupaten Bekasi. However, it is not significant on the efficiency and transparency variables. There is a significant effect at the 5 percent significance level between the perception of efficiency and transparency simultaneously on growth performance in Kabupaten Bekasi where the calculated F is greater than the F table at a value of 3.646. There is a dominant influence in transparency on perceptions of efficiency and transparency on growth performance in Kabupaten Bekasi.

Keyword : Efficiency; Transparency; Growth Performance

 

Abstrak

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel efisiensi dan transparansi terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan Kabupaten Bekasi. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya pengaruh nyata pada tingkat signifikansi 5 persen antara persepsi transparansi secara parsial terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan di Kabupaten Bekasi. Namun tidak signifikan pada variabel efisiensi, dan transparansi. Terdapat pengaruh nyata pada tingkat             signifikansi 5 persen antara persepsi efisiensi dan transparansi  secara simultan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan  di Kabupaten Bekasi di mana F hitung lebih besar dari pada F table pada nilai 3,646. Terdapat pengaruh yang dominan dalam transparansi pada persepsi efisiensi dan transparansi  terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan  di Kabupaten Bekasi.
Perceptions and Efficacy of Oral Rinsing with Two Types of Coconut Oil: A Comparative Study
Authors: C PEEDIKAYIL DR. FAIZAL
Published: January 2022

This study focuses on the efficacy of virgin and regular coconut oil on plaque-related gingivitis and the perceptions of the subjects regarding its taste and odor. A study was carried out on 80 subjects, divided into 4 groups, 20 participants each. Group A: virgin coconut oil (VCO) gargling, Group B: regular cooking coconut oil (RCCO) gargling, Group C: chlorhexidine mouthwash gargling, and Group D: routine toothbrushing. The Modified gingival Index (MGI) was assessed to check the gingival inflammation on the 15th and 30th days. Perceptions of the subjects on the taste and odor were measured with the Hedonic Scale, and texture of VCO and RCCO in comparison with chlorhexidine. The baseline means MGI values are: 1.62±0.47, 1.74±0.22, 1.78±0.22, 1.68±0.66 for Group A, B, C, and D respectively. There is a significant difference in gingival index scores across all the study groups on the 15th day and 30th day (intra-group comparison). There is a significant difference in mean scores when group VCO, RCCO, and Chlorhexidine are compared with the control (inter-group comparison). Hedonic rating scale shows: chlorhexidine has a better odor (3.2) than VCO (3.1), RCCO (2.9). Chlorhexidine scored (3.4) in taste compared with VCO (3.1) and RCCO (2.8). Texture and mouthfeel scores for Chlorhexidine and VCO (3.6) and RCCO (3.4). VCO and RCCO are as efficient in reducing gingivitis. VCO has better taste, odor, and texture in the mouth than RCCO.
Pandemide Sağlık Hizmetiyle İlişkili Enfeksiyonların Yönetiminde Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Uzmanlık Dalının Artan Önemi
Authors: DİNDAR DEMİRAY Emine Kübra , MIZRAKÇI Serpil
Published: January 2022

Ozdemir Sirekbasan ve Yıldız tarafından Temmuz 2021’de derginizde yayınlanan "COVID-19 Pandemisi Ne Zaman Bitecek? Hedefe Ne Kadar Yakınız?" isimli makaleyi ilgiyle okuduk. Bu makalede de belirtildiği üzere pandeminin henüz sonlanması mümkün gibi görünmemektedir. Biz de bu yazımızla pandemide bir başka tehlike olan sağlık hizmetiyle ilişkili enfeksiyonların önemini vurgulamayı ve farkındalığı arttırmayı amaçladık.
C18O Emission as an Effective Measure of Gas Masses of Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: Ruaud Maxime , Gorti Uma , Hollenbach David J.
Published: January 2022

Many astrochemical models of observed CO isotopologue line emission, earlier considered a good proxy measure of H2 and hence disk gas mass, favor large deviations in the carbon and oxygen gas phase abundances and argue that severe gas phase CO depletion makes it a poor mass tracer. Here, we show that C18O line emission is an effective measure of the gas mass, and despite its complex chemistry, a possibly better tracer than HD. Our models are able to reproduce C18O emission from recent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array surveys and the TW Hya disk to within a factor of ∼2–3 using carbon and oxygen abundances characteristic of the interstellar medium (C/H = 1.4 × 10−4; O/H = 3.2 × 10−4) without having to invoke unusual chemical processing. Our gas and dust disk structure calculations considering hydrostatic pressure equilibrium and our treatment of the CO conversion on grains are primarily responsible for the very different conclusions on disk masses and CO depletion. As did previous studies, we find that a gas phase C/O of ∼1–2 can explain observed hydrocarbon emission from the TW Hya disk; but significantly, we find that CO isotopologue emission is only marginally affected by the C/O ratio. We therefore conclude that C18O emission provides estimates of disk masses that are uncertain only to within a factor of a few, and describe a simplified modeling procedure to obtain gas disk masses from C18O emission lines.
Reflection Spectra of Accretion Disks Illuminated by Disk-like Coronae
Authors: Riaz Shafqat , Abdikamalov Askar B. , Ayzenberg Dimitry , Bambi Cosimo , Wang Haiyang , Yu Zhibo
Published: January 2022

Relativistic reflection features in the X-ray spectra of black hole binaries and active galactic nuclei are thought to be produced through illumination of a cold accretion disk by a hot corona. In this work, we assume that the corona has the shape of an infinitesimally thin disk with its central axis the same as the rotational axis of the black hole. The corona can either be static or corotate with the accretion disk. We calculate the disk’s emissivity profiles and iron line shapes for a set of coronal radii and heights. We incorporate these emissivity profiles into relxill_nk and we simulate some observations of a black hole binary with the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array to study the impact of a disk-like coronal geometry on the measurement of the properties of the system, and in particular, on the possibility of testing the Kerr nature of the source. We find that, in general, the astrophysical properties of the accretion disk are recovered well even if we fit the data with a model employing a broken power law or a lamppost emissivity profile, while it is more challenging to constrain the geometric properties of the black hole spacetime.
Theoretical Distributions of Short-lived Radionuclides for Star Formation in Molecular Clouds
Authors: Fatuzzo Marco , Adams Fred C.
Published: January 2022

Short-lived radioactive nuclei (half-life τ
1/2 ∼ 1 Myr) influence the formation of stars and planetary systems by providing sources of heating and ionization. Whereas many previous studies have focused on the possible nuclear enrichment of our own solar system, the goal of this paper is to estimate the distributions of short-lived radionuclides (SLRs) for the entire population of stars forming within a molecular cloud. Here we focus on the nuclear species 60Fe and 26Al, which have the largest impact due to their relatively high abundances. We construct molecular-cloud models and include nuclear contributions from both supernovae and stellar winds. The resulting distributions of SLRs are time dependent with widths of ∼3 orders of magnitude and mass fractions ρ
SLR/ρ
* ∼ 10−11–10−8. Over the range of scenarios explored herein, the SLR distributions show only modest variations with the choice of cloud structure (fractal dimension), star formation history, and cluster distribution. The most important variation arises from the diffusion length scale for the transport of SLRs within the cloud. The expected SLR distributions are wide enough to include values inferred for the abundances in our solar system, although most of the stars are predicted to have smaller enrichment levels. In addition, the ratio of 60Fe/26Al is predicted to be greater than unity, on average, in contrast to solar system results. One explanation for this finding is the presence of an additional source for the 26Al isotope.
Coherent Inverse Compton Scattering by Bunches in Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Zhang Bing
Published: January 2022

The extremely high brightness temperature of fast radio bursts (FRBs) requires that their emission mechanism must be “coherent,” either through concerted particle emission by bunches or through the exponential growth of a plasma wave mode or radiation amplitude via certain maser mechanisms. The bunching mechanism has been mostly discussed within the context of curvature radiation or cyclotron/synchrotron radiation. Here we propose a family of models invoking the coherent inverse Compton scattering (ICS) of bunched particles that may operate within or just outside of the magnetosphere of a flaring magnetar. Crustal oscillations during the flaring event may excite low-frequency electromagnetic waves near the magnetar surface. The X-mode of these waves could penetrate through the magnetosphere. Bunched relativistic particles in the charge-starved region inside the magnetosphere or in the current sheet outside the magnetosphere would upscatter these low-frequency waves to produce gigahertz emission to power FRBs. The ICS mechanism has a much larger emission power for individual electrons than curvature radiation. This greatly reduces the required degree of coherence in bunches, alleviating several criticisms of the bunching mechanism raised in the context of curvature radiation. The emission is ∼100% linearly polarized (with the possibility of developing circular polarization) with a constant or varying polarization angle across each burst. The mechanism can account for a narrowband spectrum and a frequency downdrifting pattern, as commonly observed in repeating FRBs.
The Lick AGN Monitoring Project 2016: Velocity-resolved Hβ Lags in Luminous Seyfert Galaxies
Authors: U Vivian , Barth Aaron J. , Vogler H. Alexander , Guo Hengxiao , Treu Tommaso , Bennert Vardha N. , Canalizo Gabriela , Filippenko Alexei V. , Gates Elinor , Hamann Frederick , Joner Michael D. , Malkan Matthew A. , Pancoast Anna , Williams Peter R. , Woo Jong-Hak , Abolfathi Bela , Abramson L. E. , Armen Stephen F. , Bae Hyun-Jin , Bohn Thomas , Boizelle Benjamin D. , Bostroem Azalee , Brandel Andrew , Brink Thomas G. , Channa Sanyum , Cooper M. C. , Cosens Maren , Donohue Edward , Fillingham Sean P. , González-Buitrago Diego , Halevi Goni , Halle Andrew , Hood Carol E. , Horne Keith , Horst J. Chuck , Kouchkovsky Maxime de , Kuhn Benjamin , Kumar Sahana , Leonard Douglas C. , Loveland Donald , Manzano-King Christina , McHardy Ian , Michel Raúl , Olaes Melanie Kae B. , Park Daeseong , Park Songyoun , Pei Liuyi , Ross Timothy W. , Runco Jordan N. , Samuel Jenna , Sánchez Javier , Scott Bryan , Sexton Remington O. , Shin Jaejin , Shivvers Isaac , Spencer Chance L. , Stahl Benjamin E. , Stegman Samantha , Stomberg Isak , Valenti Stefano , Villafaña L. , Walsh Jonelle L. , Yuk Heechan , Zheng WeiKang
Published: January 2022

We carried out spectroscopic monitoring of 21 low-redshift Seyfert 1 galaxies using the Kast double spectrograph on the 3 m Shane telescope at Lick Observatory from 2016 April to 2017 May. Targeting active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with luminosities of λ
L

λ
(5100 Å) ≈ 1044 erg s−1 and predicted Hβ lags of ∼20–30 days or black hole masses of 107–108.5
M
⊙, our campaign probes luminosity-dependent trends in broad-line region (BLR) structure and dynamics as well as to improve calibrations for single-epoch estimates of quasar black hole masses. Here we present the first results from the campaign, including Hβ emission-line light curves, integrated Hβ lag times (8–30 days) measured against V-band continuum light curves, velocity-resolved reverberation lags, line widths of the broad Hβ components, and virial black hole mass estimates (107.1–108.1
M
⊙). Our results add significantly to the number of existing velocity-resolved lag measurements and reveal a diversity of BLR gas kinematics at moderately high AGN luminosities. AGN continuum luminosity appears not to be correlated with the type of kinematics that its BLR gas may exhibit. Follow-up direct modeling of this data set will elucidate the detailed kinematics and provide robust dynamical black hole masses for several objects in this sample.
Vortices and Dust Devils as Observed by the Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer Instruments on Board the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover
Authors: Jackson Brian
Published: January 2022

An important and perhaps dominant source of dust in the Martian atmosphere, dust devils play a key role in Mars’ climate. Data sets from previous landed missions have revealed dust devil activity, constrained their structures, and elucidated their dust-lifting capacities. However, each landing site and observational season exhibits unique meteorological properties that shape dust devil activity and illuminate their dependence on ambient conditions. The recent release of data from the Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA) instrument suite on board the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover promises a new treasure trove for dust devil studies. In this study, we sift the time series from MEDA’s Pressure Sensor (PS) and Radiative and Dust Sensors (RDS) to look for the signals of passing vortices and dust devils. We detected 309 vortex encounters over the mission’s first 89 sols. Consistent with predictions, these encounter rates exceed InSight and Curiosity’s encounter rates. The RDS time series also allows us to assess whether a passing vortex is likely to be dusty (and therefore is a true dust devil) or dustless. We find that about one quarter of vortices show signs of dust lofting, although unfavorable encounter geometries may have prevented us from detecting dust for other vortices. In addition to these results, we discuss prospects for vortex studies as additional data from Mars 2020 are processed and made available.
An individual-based dataset of carbon and nitrogen isotopic data of Callinectes sapidus in invaded Mediterranean waters
Authors: Di Muri Cristina , Rosati Ilaria , Bardelli Roberta , Cilenti Lucrezia , Li Veli Daniel , Falco Silvia , Vizzini Salvatrice , Katselis George , Kevrekidis Kosmas , Glamuzina Luka , Mancinelli Giorgio
Published: January 2022

The characterisation of functional traits of non-indigenous and invasive species is crucial to assess their impact within invaded habitats. Successful biological invasions are often facilitated by the generalist diet of the invaders which can modify their trophic position and adapt to new ecosystems determining changes in their structure and functioning. Invasive crustaceans are an illustrative example of such mechanisms since their trophic habits can determine important ecological impacts on aquatic food webs. The Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus is currently established and considered invasive in the Mediterranean Sea where it has been recorded for the first time between 1947 and 1949. In the last decade, the blue crab colonised most of the eastern and central Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea and it is currently widening its distribution towards the western region of the basin.

Stable isotope analysis is increasingly used to investigate the trophic habits of invasive marine species. Here, we collated individual measures of the blue crab δ13C and δ15N values and of its potential invertebrate prey into a geo-referenced dataset. The dataset includes 360 records with 236 isotopic values of the blue crab and 224 isotopic data of potential prey collected from five countries and 12 locations between 2014 and 2019. This dataset allows the estimation of the trophic position of the blue crab within a variety of invaded ecosystems, as well as advanced quantitative comparisons of the main features of its isotopic niche.
Ex situ population of the Harpy Eagle and its potential for integrated conservation
Authors: de Oliveira Marcos José , Aguiar-Silva Francisca Helena , de Moraes Wanderlei , Sanaiotti Tânia Margarete , Banhos Aureo , Moreira Nei
Published: January 2022

A main priority in conservation is the protection of species in their natural habitat. However, ex situ management of threatened species is a recognised strategy of conservation. Harpy Eagles (Harpia harpyja) are removed from the wild due to illegal capture, nest tree destruction, or other conflict sources. This study presents a review of the current ex situ Harpy Eagle populations in Brazil and worldwide, including information on the origin, sex, and year of entrance or year of birth under human care. Worldwide, until 2020 there were 205 Harpy Eagles in 77 different facilities in 16 countries, with 40 institutions in Brazil and 37 in other countries. The largest ex situ Harpy Eagle population is maintained in Brazil, with 139 individuals (75 females and 64 males) in 40 institutions. Of these institutions, there were 24 zoos, seven conservation breeding centres, six commercial breeders, two wildlife shelters, and one wildlife sorting centre. In Brazil, 62% (n = 86) of the individuals were hatched in the wild and 38% (n = 53) were bred in captivity under human care; for the wild individuals, only 73% (n = 64) have a known state of origin, with the majority from Pará state. This investigation provided relevant information to establish an ex situ demographic database. These individuals may potentially constitute a genetically and demographically viable safety population for future conservation strategies, as well as a source for research and education applied to Harpy Eagle integrated conservation.
Battle of the bands: systematics and phylogeny of the white Goniobranchus nudibranchs with marginal bands (Nudibranchia, Chromodorididae)
Authors: Soong Giun Yee , Bonomo Lynn J. , Reimer James D. , Gosliner Terrence M.
Published: January 2022

Species identities ofGoniobranchusnudibranchs with white bodies and various marginal bands have long been problematic. In this study, specimens of theseGoniobranchusnudibranchs from the Philippines, Peninsular Malaysia, Japan, Papua New Guinea, and Madagascar were analyzed and molecular data were obtained in order to re-examine the relationships between species within this “whiteGoniobranchuswith marginal bands” group. The analyses clearly recovered six species groups corresponding to the described speciesGoniobranchus albonares,G. preciosus,G. rubrocornutus,G. sinensis, andG. verrierias well as one new species,G. fabulusSoong & Gosliner,sp. nov.Notably,G. preciosus,G. sinensis,G. rubrocornutus,G. verrieri, andG. fabulusSoong & Gosliner,sp. nov.exhibit color variation and polymorphism, suggesting that some aspects of color patterns (e.g., presence or absence of dorsal spots) may not always be useful in the identification of species in the “whiteGoniobranchuswith marginal bands” group, whereas other features such as gill and rhinophore colors and the arrangement and colors of the mantle marginal bands are more diagnostic for each species.
A new species of Asiatic shrew of the genus Chodsigoa (Soricidae, Eulipotyphla, Mammalia) from the Dabie Mountains, Anhui Province, eastern China
Authors: Chen Zhongzheng , Hu Tingli , Pei Xiaoxin , Yang Guangdao , Yong Fan , Xu Zhen , Qu Weiying , Onditi Kenneth O. , Zhang Baowei
Published: January 2022

Asiatic shrews of the genus Chodsigoa (Soricidae, Eulipotyphla) currently comprise nine species, mostly occurring in southwest China. From May 2017 to August 2020, 11 specimens of Chodsigoa were collected from the Dabie Mountains in Anhui Province, eastern China. Their morphology was compared with other species within the genus and one mitochondrial (cytochrome b) and two nuclear (apolipoprotein B and breast cancer 1) genes were sequenced to estimate the phylogenetic relationships of these specimens. Based on morphological and molecular evidence, these specimens are recognized as a distinct species, Chodsigoa dabieshanensissp. nov., which is formally described here. Morphologically, the new species is most similar to Chodsigoa hypsibia, but it is distinguishable from all known congeners by the combination of dark brownish pelage, small size, and relatively short tail. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that C. dabieshanensissp. nov. forms a phylogenetic lineage sister to the clade containing C. parva + C. hypsibia. The-Kimura 2-parameter genetic distances of the cytochrome b (CYT B) gene between the new species and other nominal Chodsigoa species ranged between 8.6 and 17.6%. The new species is distributed at elevations from 750 to 1250 m in the Dabie Mountains and is geographically distant from other species in the genus.
Les effets de la crise atténués grâce au plan de relance et à la négociation collective
Authors: Rehfeldt Udo
Published: January 2022

L’Allemagne a traversé la crise sanitaire avec peu de restrictions. Le gouvernement a rapidement mis en place des mesures d’aide économique. Même si leur exécution a parfois été lente, elles ont contribué, avec la négociation collective, à sauvegarder l’emploi, la compétitivité des entreprises et le niveau de vie de la population, notamment grâce à la subvention massive de l’activité partielle. Elles se sont toutefois révélées insuffisantes pour combler les disparités sociales aggravées par la crise sanitaire.
Une utilisation inédite de la flexisécurité pour préserver le marché du travail
Authors: Meilland Christèle
Published: January 2022

Pour lutter contre le risque de récession économique induit par la crise sanitaire et les mesures de confinement, le gouvernement a utilisé les outils de son modèle de flexisécurité. Les effets des mesures mises en place sur le taux de chômage, en baisse, démontrent la réussite de cette recette. Toutefois, les travailleurs précaires semblent être les oubliés du modèle, ce que tend à démontrer l’analyse du secteur de l’hôtellerie-restauration. Cette politique a toutefois fait l’objet d’un consensus politique, syndical, patronal et sociétal rarement vu au Danemark.
À crise et relance budgétaire inédites, marché du travail sous tension et résurgence des conflits
Authors: Sauviat Catherine
Published: January 2022

Aux États-Unis, l’arrêt soudain des activités à cause de la crise sanitaire provoque certes une contraction du PIB mais surtout une brutale détérioration du marché du travail. Les mesures de soutien aux entreprises et aux ménages, inédites par leur ampleur, entraînent un redressement rapide du PIB. Mais la reprise du marché du travail butte sur des pénuries de main-d’œuvre apparues dans certains secteurs, notamment l’hôtellerie-restauration. Si les syndicats ont été peu audibles et la période peu propice aux conflits, on observe pourtant une nette reprise des grèves depuis l’été 2021 à l’occasion du renouvellement des conventions collectives d’entreprise. Ce nouveau contexte pourrait augurer d’un changement de rapport de forces entre employeurs et travailleurs dans certains secteurs.
Du gel des licenciements au plan de relance européen
Authors: Nizzoli Cristina
Published: January 2022

En raison de son ampleur et de ses spécificités, la crise due au Covid-19 a suscité des réponses variées de la part des pouvoirs publics. Dans cet article, on revient sur la mise en œuvre de mesures temporaires souvent inédites (élargissement des amortisseurs sociaux, gel des licenciements, etc.), ainsi que sur le plan de relance et les réformes qui se préparent à partir de 2022. De même, on traite des enjeux posés par cette crise sanitaire sans précédent au système de relations professionnelles italien.
La « doctrine Trump » à l’international : l’Amérique contre le reste du monde ?
Authors: Pichard Alexis
Published: January 2022

Cet article entend démontrer l’existence d’une « doctrine Trump » en matière de politique étrangère malgré l’approche erratique des relations internationales adoptée par le 45 e président américain. Dans un premier temps, l’article remonte aux origines de la formulation de cette doctrine, vers la fin des années 1980, pour retracer ensuite sa maturation au fil des décennies. Pour ce faire, il procède d’abord à l’examen croisé des écrits politiques de Donald Trump pour faire affleurer les thèmes et motifs récurrents qui instruisent une vision du monde cohérente, reposant sur le rejet de la mondialisation et du multilatéralisme. Par la suite, l’article analyse les efforts de théorisation entrepris par Trump pour conceptualiser sa doctrine, de même que le basculement progressif de ses soubassements idéologiques vers un populisme d’extrême droite. Enfin, il rend compte de la réalisation effective de la doctrine Trump durant l’unique mandat du président républicain afin d’en élucider les différentes phases.
Psychosocial Improvements in Children and Their Parents Following Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Temeltürk Rahime Duygu , Koçer Ali Mert , Yaşar Hakan Halit
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

To evaluate the psychosocial effects of strabismus surgery, the authors investigated the psychiatric symptoms and quality of life of children with strabismus and their parents.

Methods:

Children with strabismus between 6 and 18 years old (n = 39) and their parents (n = 39) were included. Psychiatric problems and the health-related quality of life were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, respectively. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children and Beck Anxiety Inventory were administered to children and parents, respectively. All assessments were conducted before and 3 months after strabismus surgery.

Results:

Compared with preoperative assessments, children with strabismus had significantly fewer psychiatric problems and a better quality of life after the surgery (
P
< .001). Following surgery, decreased symptom levels of anxiety scores were also obtained from children and their parents (
P
< .001). The amount of ocular realignment was directly correlated with improvement in social and attention problems among children (
r
= 0.354 and
r
= 0.324, respectively;
P
< .05).

Conclusions:

Successful strabismus surgery has positive effects on psychosocial functioning and quality of life in children and their families. Surgical interventions seem beneficial for the management of strabismus in improving both physical and mental health.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2022;59(4):261–268.]