bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
En respuesta a carta al editor del Dr. Javier Rosa, por “Estudio multicéntrico no intervencional en pacientes con artritis reumatoidea tratados con tocilizumab”
Authors: Montoya Fabiana , Moreno Cristian
Published: February 2022

Estimado Editor: en relación al artículo “Estudio multicéntrico no intervencional en pacientes con artritis reumatoidea tratados con tocilizumab” publicado en la Revista Argentina de Reumatología 2017; 28(3):23-28, quiero destacar que este estudio es parte del estudio global ACT UP. El objetivo primario del estudio fue observar, en la práctica clínica habitual, los patrones de uso de Tocilizumab en pacientes con AR con respecto a la adherencia y al cumplimiento de las recomendaciones aprobadas en el prospecto y, como objetivo secundario, observar la efectividad, seguridad y las características demográficas de los pacientes que inician tratamiento con tocilizumab, así como también las modificaciones de dosis.
Cinco claves para publicar un artículo científico
Authors: Alarcón Graciela S.
Published: February 2022

En la primera parte de esta clase magistral, se vertieron los conceptos básicos para divulgar trabajos científicos, desde la Introducción, Material y Métodos, hasta los Resultados y la Discusión. En esta segunda parte se concluye la clase de la Dra. Alarcón poniendo el acento en cómo organizar las Referencias, el resumen, qué hacer en caso de rechazo del trabajo y también en caso de aceptación.
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE UMA CULTURA LEAN MANUFACTURING NO SETOR DE EQUIPAMENTOS DE GERAÇÃO DE ENERGIA: UMA ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA ENTRE A TEORIA E A PRÁTICA
Authors: Molinero Guilherme Escarabelin , Gonçales Filho Manoel
Published: February 2022

Lean manufacturing é uma das principais filosofias aplicadas para aumento de produtividade devido ao grande sucesso da Toyota e subsequentemente grande expansão pela indústria automotiva. Esta cultura de melhoria continua tem sido estudada por diversos autores e decomposta em passos de uma metodologia para implementação e controle, entretanto diversos estudos apontam uma taxa de insucesso bastante elevada na replicação do. O objetiv lean. O objetivo deste estudo foi a implementação da filosofia lean no setor de fabricação de componentes para geração de energia renovável, a fim de comparar os desafios da implementação e os processos executados com a literatura clássica sobre o assunto. A metodologia de estudo foi aplicada através de estudo de caso com coleta de dados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas para um grupo de especialistas de uma empresa no setor de energias renováveis, sendo também comparativa com a literatura de lean. Com o resultado, foram constatados três processos principais constituintes da implementação do lean neste setor: Hoshin Kanri, Mapeamento do fluxo de valor e eventos Kaizen. Em seguida foram comparados com a literatura para identificar diferenças e a partir desta comparação foram elaboradas sugestões de melhorias para a implementação destes três processos na empresa em estudo.
Internal/external frame of reference: exploring the paradoxical relations between mathematics and self-concept across 29 countries
Authors: Adu-tutu Bofah Emmanuel , Ntow Forster D.
Published: February 2022

Students’ self-concept is an important construct in explaining achievement-related outcomes. The study examined the theoretical and methodological issues underpinning the Internal/External (I/E) frame of reference model. This model posits a paradoxical relation between “distinct” school subjects, for example, mathematics and verbal. Also, achievement in each domain is deemed to positively affect self- concept in the matching domain but negatively in the nonmatching domain. The investigation is based on 29 countries (N= 181,745) using the TIMSS–2011 data set. The data supported the assumptions associated with the I/E model. Result indicates a negative achievement effect on non-corresponding self-concepts (internal) and positive effects achievement on the corresponding self-concepts (external). The findings contribute to a better understanding of how students form self-concept across domains cross-culturally.
Comparative effects of critical thinking and peer-assessment skills training on Ghanaian senior high school students’ achievement in mathematics
Authors: Cobbinah Andrews
Published: February 2022

The study determined the comparative effects of critical thinking and peer-assessment skills training on Ghanaian senior high school students’ achievement in mathematics. The non-equivalent pre-test and post-test control group 3x2x2 factorial quasi- experimental design was adopted for the study. Three public senior high schools were randomly sampled to participate in the study and a total of one hundred and thirty- seven (137) students made up of ninety-five (95) in the experimental groups and forty- two (42) in the control group from three intact classes were selected from schools in the Central Region of Ghana. Two mathematics achievement tests, with reliability coefficients of 0.79 and 0.83 were employed by the researcher for data collection. Critical thinking and peer-assessment modules were also developed and used by the researcher for the intervention. The peer-assessment and critical thinking modules were content validated by three experts using percentage of agreement method which yielded 79% and 80% respectively. ANCOVA was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study were that: there was no significant comparative effect of critical thinking and peer-assessment skills training on students’ achievement in mathematics. Furthermore, there was no significant interaction effect of gender, age and treatment groups (critical thinking and peer-assessment) on students’ achievement in mathematics. Based on the findings, it was recommended that teachers can make use of either peer-assessment or critical thinking strategies in teaching mathematics lessons to bring about the much-needed improvement in students’ performance in Mathematics.
Supplier Selection in Inventory Control Management while Procuring and Utilizing of Material in Construction Projects
Authors: Pritam A Mali  , Raviraj V Jadhav  , Kiran K Shinde
Published: February 2022

Inventory represents a huge proportion of the cost of construction. Inventory typically ordered in a week or maybe in the month prior to demand leading to uneconomical inventory on construction site. Construction inventory represents the cost to purchase, cost required to store and insure, cost to protect against theft, & cost incurred when inventory becomes obsolete. Major construction industries are attempting to adopt various business initiatives so as to remain alive incoming marketplace. The evaluation and selection of vendors is a very important task in any industry. For initiating the to adopt the most efficient ways so as to make sure the smooth flow of the execution of the project, thereby avoiding delay and cost overrun of projects. The paper is focusing on the efficient method for supplier selection for inventory and its procurement procedure, to avoid delay in construction projects. Also explained about extra cost spent on the procurement of different construction materials from various vendors, and remedies for the same by using a case study.
Computed tomography scan in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mahdavi Sharif Pouya , Nematizadeh Mehran , Saghazadeh Mahdia , Saghazadeh Amene , Rezaei Nima
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Computed tomography (CT) scan is a commonly used tool for the diagnosis of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), similarly to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Because of the limitations of RT-PCR, there is growing interest in the usability of the CT scan. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarize the available data on the CT scan features of COVID-19.

Material and methods

We conducted a systematic search in electronic databases to find eligible studies published between 1 December 2019 and 4 April 2020, which investigated the computed tomographic features of patients with COVID-19. All preprint and peer-reviewed articles were included. No language limitation was applied. For proportional data, pooled prevalence was calculated using a Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation, with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

Eighty-six studies were eligible to be included in the meta-analysis. For 7956 patients, the most common CT findings were bilateral pattern of involvement (78%; 95% CI: 0.73-0.82; p < 0.001), involvement of more than 1 lobe (75%; 95% CI: 0.68-0.82; p < 0.001), ground-glass opacities (GGO) (73%; 95% CI: 0.67-0.78; p < 0.001), and periphe­ral distribution of signs (69%; 95% CI: 0.61-0.76; p < 0.001). Only 5% of patients had a normal CT scan (95% CI: 0.03-0.07; p < 0.001). The proportion of paediatric patients (age < 18 years) with unremarkable CT findings was higher (40%; 95% CI: 0.27-0.55; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with the severe or critical type of COVID-19 were more likely to have pleural effusion (RR 7.77; 95% CI: 3.97-15.18; p < 0.001) and consolidation (RR 3.13; 95% CI: 1.57-6.23; p < 0.001). CT results in patients with COVID-19 were comparable with those of people having pneumonia from other causes, except for the lower incidence of consolidation (RR 0.81; 95% CI: 0.71-0.91; p < 0.001) and higher risk of showing GGO (RR 1.45; 95% CI: 1.13-1.86; p < 0.001). The mortality rate was slightly higher in patients with bilateral involvement (RR 3.19; 95% CI: 1.07-9.49; p = 0.04).

Conclusions

Our study results show that COVID-19 shares some features with other viral types of pneumonia, despite some differences. They commonly present as GGO along with vascular thickening, air bronchogram and consolidations. Normal CT images, lymphadenopathies, and pleural effusions are not common. Consolidations and pleural effusions correlate with more severe disease. CT features are different between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 pneumonia. Also, they differ by age, disease severity, and outcomes within COVID-19 patients.
Viel Weizen fließt Richtung Bosporus
Authors: Behme Dagmar
Published: February 2022

Frankfurt a.M. Die Türkei hat in diesem Jahr einen ungewöhnlich hohen Importbedarf an Getreide. Deutschland ist vor allem mit Gerste dabei.
Stride Random Erasing Augmentation
Authors: Kumar Teerath , Brennan Rob , Bendechache Malika
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a new method for data augmentation called Stride Random Erasing Augmentation (SREA) to improve classification performance. In SREA, probability based strides of one image are pasted onto another image and also labels of both images are mixed with the same probability as the image mixing, to generate a new augmented image and augmented label. Stride augmentation overcomes limitations of the popular random erasing data augmentation method, where a random portion of an image is erased with 0 or 255 or the mean of a dataset without considering the location of the important feature(s) within the image. A variety of experiments have been performed using different network flavours and the popular datasets including fashion-MNIST, CIFAR10, CIFAR100 and STL10. The experiments showed that SREA is more generalized than both the baseline and random erasing method. Furthermore, the effect of stride size in SREA was investigated by performing experiments with different stride sizes. Random stride size showed better performance. SREA outperforms the baseline and random erasing especially on the fashion-MNIST dataset. To enable the reuse, reproduction and extension of SREA, the source code is provided in a public git repository https://github.com/kmr2017/stride-aug.
O fenômeno da interdição de vocabulário na perspectiva da teoria da linguagem de Eugenio Coseriu: uma análise de textos midiáticos
Authors: Pinto Hoffmann Wesley , Ferreira Guedes Sumaya
Published: February 2022

A criação metafórica é observada como um elemento constitutivo da linguagem que apresenta diferentes enfoques teóricos. Neste trabalho, a partir da Teoria da Linguagem de Eugenio Coseriu, na qual ele indica o fenômeno da interdição de vocabulário, revemos os traços que compõem esse fenômeno. Dessa forma, o presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a ocorrência do fenômeno da interdição de vocabulário em uma materialidade textual. A partir dos pressupostos teóricos de Coseriu (1984, 2007), realizamos uma pesquisa de natureza aplicada, exploratória, bibliográfica e documental na análise de um corpus constituído por uma capa de revista publicada pela Contigo! no ano de 2021. Concluímos que a fantasia humana difunde diversos significados metafóricos em busca de novas imagens expressivas que nomeiam e distinguem o que a intuição conhece, em uma contínua renovação de metáforas.
TEACHER MOTIVATION AND ITS SOCIO-PROFESSIONAL FEATURES
Authors: Nurymbetov Yedil , Nurlakov Arofat , Mukanova Dinara
Published: February 2022

This article, along with the general concept and theoretical foundations of motivation, considers the professional and social features of teacher motivation. The work independently studied the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations of teachers on the basis of the theories of motivation of Maslow, McClelland and Herzberg. The main points of connection between the types of motivation were introduced.
RESEARCH OF A COMPLEX LOAD WITH AN INDUCTION MOTOR
Authors: Iegorov Oleksiy , Iegorova Olga , Glebova Marina , Forkun Yana
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the investigation of the operation of an induction motor in transient regimes as part of a complex load. Simulation of several modes of operation of the specified load node was performed: starting the engine on the fan load with the load node running, the engine running out when the load node was disconnected and then restarting the power supply. Improvement of modeling methods and development of an appropriate methodology for calculating transients in complex load nodes with nonlinear elements is an urgent task.
RELAÇÃO ENTRE O CONSUMO DE EMBUTIDOS DE CARNE E O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE CÂNCER NO TRATO DIGESTÓRIO
Authors: Silva Wanderson Cosme da , Gomes Thiago Teixeira de Oliveira , Moreira Edmundo
Published: February 2022

O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão de literatura sobre o desenvolvimento de patologias oncológicas do trato digestório a partir de altos consumos de embutidos de carne de origem bovina ou suína. Trata-se, portanto de uma revisão integrativa sobre esse tema. A revisão da literatura indica que compostos químicos decorrentes do processamento das carnes seja por defumação, cura, salga ou por adição de conservantes químicos podem danificar as células do cólon e do reto, que absorvem compostos químicos (nitritos, nitratos, aminas heterocíclicas e aminas policíclicas) que acabam provocando o desenvolvimento de pólipos. Esses pólipos podem ser inofensivos, porém com passagem constante dos aditivos nitrito e nitrato pelo trato gastrointestinal, ou seja, consumo excessivo dos embutidos, eles aumentam o risco desses pólipos apresentarem malignidade.
ESTADO DE COISAS INCONSTITUCIONAL AMBIENTAL: NO CENÁRIO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Alves Pâmella de Fátima Antunes , Heimann Jaqueline
Published: February 2022

Ao analisar o constitucionalismo brasileiro e o direito a um meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado como um direito erga omnes e fundamental, vê-se que há uma problemática sobre se de fato esse direito fundamental está sendo concretizado, posto que reflita não somente sobre a geração atual, mas de forma marcante nas gerações futuras. Com isso, a ação direta de inconstitucionalidade por omissão nº 60 busca comprovar de fato a violação desse direito fundamental, com o reconhecimento do estado de coisas inconstitucional ambiental em âmbito nacional. Para isso, são qualificadas as características e requisitos do estado de coisas inconstitucional, já reconhecido no brasil sob outro tema na arguição de descumprimento de preceito fundamental 347/2015, são elencados os pontos principais da ado e ao intérprete são apresentadas possíveis soluções capazes de melhorar e/ou sanar esse estado de inconstitucionalidade.
A SEGURANÇA E OS RISCOS NA DESCONSIDERAÇÃO DA PERSONALIDADE JURÍDICA NO PROCESSO CIVIL
Authors: Azevedo Úrsula Eustórgio Oliveira de
Published: February 2022

A personalidade jurídica possibilita o incentivo ao desenvolvimento e crescimento das atividades econômicas, permitindo atuação direta em negócios com todas as responsabilidades legais. A doutrina da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica, criada no intuito de resolver circunstâncias exorbitantes diante da autonomia patrimonial e comprometimento do patrimônio da pessoa jurídica. Teoria maior e teoria menor da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica. Desconsideração da personalidade jurídica inversa. Segurança e riscos na aplicação do incidente de desconsideração da personalidade jurídica.
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA O TRATAMENTO DOS PROBLEMAS DE SAÚDE MENTAL DECORRENTES DA PANDEMIA DO COVID-19
Authors: Costa Anna Carolina Amorim da
Published: February 2022

Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), a ansiedade afeta 18,6 milhões de brasileiros e os transtornos mentais são responsáveis por mais de um terço do número de pessoas incapacitadas nas Américas. O presente artigo analisa o aumento das diversas doenças mentais após o início da pandemia Covid-19 e, diante das graves conseqüências que a longo prazo impactarão na sociedade, evidencia a necessidade de implementação de políticas públicas municipais adequadas e eficazes para o reestabelecimento da saúde mental dos cidadãos.  Tamanha é a importância que deve ser dada ao tema, que a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) inseriu a “síndrome do esgotamento profissional”, chamada como Burnout, no rol de doenças ocupacionais desde 1º de janeiro de 2022, doença que pode ensejar no afastamento do trabalho. É crucial o tratamento dessas doenças para o bem-estar da coletividade e para o futuro das companhias públicas e privadas, que terão que redobrar os cuidados com a saúde mental de seus servidores e colaboradores.
INCOMPLETUDE E CONTINUIDADE: ARRANJOS SISTÊMICOS NAS IMAGENS PARA PRODUÇÃO DE SENTIDO NA WEBSÉRIE DE TEATRO DE FIGURAS O BEM-AMADO
Authors: Mendes Gabriela Boccardi , Borges Paulo César Balardim
Published: February 2022

Este artigo trata de como determinados recursos das linguagens da HQ, do cinema e do teatro de figuras operam, sobrepostas, na produção de sentido da websérie O Bem-Amado (Cia. Caras de Bonecos) e sobre como nossa cognição visual auxilia essa produção.
Evidence of the effectiveness of homeopathy.
Authors: Wassenhoven Michel Van
Published: February 2022

The present paper discusses possible approaches to the studies on the effectiveness of Homeopathy. These include classic evidence – clinical and basic research – and internal evidence, proper to Homeopathy as a singular medical system, which include the pathogenetic and the clinical verification of homeopathic symptoms. Concerning the latter, a new approach, grounded on Bayesian statistics is presented. All the criteria employed show the clinical effectiveness of Homeopathy.
Estimation of isentropic stirring and mixing and their diagnosis for the stratospheric polar vortex
Authors: Wang Zhiting , Hase Nils , Tian Wenshou , Tao Mengchu
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Isentropic stirring and mixing are important processes that determine the distribution of long-lived trace gases in the stratosphere. Stirring stretches tracer contours into filaments and mixing dissipates tracer variance. The combined effects on tracer transport by stirring and mixing are quantified by the effective diffusivity in the modified Lagrangian-mean (MLM) theory that diagnoses tracer transport in an areal coordinate. Here a method is developed to diagnose transport processes based on tracer contours in geographic coordinates. Compared to the MLM theory this method has resolving ability along tracer contours and quantifies stirring and mixing separately. Also, the influence of diabatic motion on the diagnosed stirring is reduced, which is useful for stratospheric analysis where diabatic motion is uncertain. The developed method is validated in a methane simulation experiment. The diagnosed stirring effects are consistent with established knowledge about stratospheric dynamics. Finally, stirring and mixing effects on trace gases in the polar vortex are diagnosed during a northern polar vortex period. According to the diagnosis stirring and mixing always increase the methane concentration in the polar vortex. However, their effects are reversed by vortex movement and deformation in most cases. Only in a few cases, planetary waves can penetrate into the vortex and stirring increases the methane concentration in the vortex. The developed method is readily applicable to diagnose stratospheric transport processes from satellite observed trace gas distributions.
Large-scale effects of benthic fauna on carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus dynamics in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Ehrnsten Eva , Savchuk Oleg Pavlovitch , Gustafsson Bo Gustav
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Even though the effects of benthic fauna on aquatic biogeochemistry have been long recognized, few studies have addressed the combined effects of animal bioturbation and metabolism on ecosystem–level carbon and nutrient dynamics. Here we merge a model of benthic fauna (BMM) into a physical–biogeochemical ecosystem model (BALTSEM) to study the long–term and large–scale effects of benthic fauna on nutrient and carbon cycling in the Baltic Sea. We include both the direct effects of faunal growth and metabolism and the indirect effects of its bioturbating activities on biogeochemical fluxes of and transformations between organic and inorganic forms of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and oxygen (O). Analyses of simulation results from the Baltic Proper and Gulf of Riga indicate that benthic fauna makes up a small portion of seafloor organic stocks, but contributes considerably to benthic–pelagic fluxes of inorganic C, N and P through its metabolism. Results also suggest that the relative contribution of fauna to mineralisation of sediment organic matter increases with increasing nutrient loads. Further, bioturbation decreases benthic denitrification and increases P retention in sediments, the latter having far–reaching consequences throughout the ecosystem. Reduced benthic–pelagic P fluxes lead to a reduction of N fixation and primary production, lower organic matter sedimentation fluxes and thereby generally lower benthic stocks and fluxes of C, N and P. This chain of indirect effects overrides the direct effects of faunal respiration, excretion and bioturbation. Due to large uncertainties related to parameterization of benthic processes, we consider this modelling study a first step towards disentangling the complex large–scale effects of benthic fauna on biogeochemical cycling.
Estimating the lateral transfer of organic carbon through the European river network using a land surface model
Authors: Zhang Haicheng , Lauerwald Ronny , Regnier Pierre , Ciais Philippe , Van Oost Kristof , Naipal Victoria , Guenet Bertrand , Yuan Wenping
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Lateral carbon transport from soils to the ocean through rivers has been acknowledged as a key component of global carbon cycle, but is still neglected in most global land surface models (LSMs). Fluvial transport of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and CO2 has been implemented in the ORCHIDEE LSM, while erosion-induced delivery of sediment and particulate organic carbon (POC) from land to river was implemented in another version of the model. Based on these two developments, we take the final step towards the full representation of biospheric carbon transport through the land-river continuum. The newly developed model, called ORCHIDEE-Clateral, simulates the complete lateral transport of water, sediment, POC, DOC and CO2 from land to sea through the river network, the deposition of sediment and POC in the river channel and floodplains, and the decomposition of POC and DOC in transit. We parameterized and evaluated ORCHIDEE-Clateral using observation data in Europe. The model satisfactorily reproduces the observed riverine discharges of water and sediment, bankfull flows and sediment delivery rate from land to river, as well as the observed concentrations of organic carbon in rivers. Application of ORCHIDEE-Clateral for Europe reveals that the lateral carbon transfer affects land carbon dynamics in multiple ways and omission of this process in LSMs may result in significant biases in the simulated regional land carbon budgets. Overall, this study presents a useful tool for simulating large scale lateral carbon transfer and for predicting the feedbacks between lateral carbon transfer and future climate and land use changes.
Into the Noddyverse: a massive data store of 3D geological models for machine learning and inversion applications
Authors: Jessell Mark , Guo Jiateng , Li Yunqiang , Lindsay Mark , Scalzo Richard , Giraud Jérémie , Pirot Guillaume , Cripps Ed , Ogarko Vitaliy
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Unlike some other well-known challenges such as facial recognition, where
machine learning and inversion algorithms are widely developed, the
geosciences suffer from a lack of large, labelled data sets that can be used
to validate or train robust machine learning and inversion schemes. Publicly
available 3D geological models are far too restricted in both number and the
range of geological scenarios to serve these purposes. With reference to
inverting geophysical data this problem is further exacerbated as in most
cases real geophysical observations result from unknown 3D geology, and
synthetic test data sets are often not particularly geological or
geologically diverse. To overcome these limitations, we have used the Noddy
modelling platform to generate 1 million models, which represent the first
publicly accessible massive training set for 3D geology and resulting
gravity and magnetic data sets (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4589883, Jessell, 2021). This model suite
can be used to train machine learning systems and to provide comprehensive
test suites for geophysical inversion. We describe the methodology for
producing the model suite and discuss the opportunities such a model suite
affords, as well as its limitations, and how we can grow and access this
resource.
Permafrost in monitored unstable rock slopes in Norway – new insights from temperature and surface velocity measurements, geophysical surveying, and ground temperature modelling
Authors: Etzelmüller Bernd , Czekirda Justyna , Magnin Florence , Duvillard Pierre-Allain , Ravanel Ludovic , Malet Emanuelle , Aspaas Andreas , Kristensen Lene , Skrede Ingrid , Majala Gudrun D. , Jacobs Benjamin , Leinauer Johannes , Hauck Christian , Hilbich Christin , Böhme Martina , Hermanns Reginald , Eriksen Harald Ø. , Lauknes Tom Rune , Krautblatter Michael , Westermann Sebastian
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The warming and subsequent degradation of mountain permafrost within alpine
areas represent an important process influencing the stability of steep slopes and
rock faces. The unstable and monitored slopes of Mannen (Møre and Romsdal
county, southern Norway) and Gámanjunni-3 (Troms and Finnmark county,
northern Norway) were classified as high-risk sites by the Norwegian
Geological Survey (NGU). Failure initiation has been suggested to be linked
to permafrost degradation, but the detailed permafrost distribution at the
sites is unknown. Rock wall (RW) temperature loggers at both sites have
measured the thermal regime since 2015, showing mean rock surface
temperatures between 2.5 and −1.6 ∘C depending on
site and topographic aspect. Between 2016 and 2019 we conducted 2D and 3D
electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys on the plateau and directly
within the rock wall back scarp of the unstable slopes at both sites. In
combination with geophysical laboratory analysis of rock wall samples from
both sites, the ERT soundings indicate widespread permafrost areas,
especially at Gámanjunni-3. Finally, we conducted 2D thermal modelling
to evaluate the potential thermal regime, along with an analysis of
available displacement rate measurements based on Global Navigation
Satellite System (GNSS) and ground- and satellite-based interferometric
synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) methods. Surface air and ground
temperatures have increased significantly since ca. 1900 by 1
and 1.5 ∘C, and the highest temperatures have been measured and modelled
since 2000 at both study sites. We observed a seasonality of displacement,
with increasing velocities during late winter and early spring and the highest
velocities in June, probably related to water pressure variations during
snowmelt. The displacement rates of Gámanjunni-3 rockslide co-vary with
subsurface resistivity and modelled ground temperature. Increased
displacement rates seem to be associated with sub-zero ground temperatures
and higher ground resistivity. This might be related to the presence of
ground ice in fractures and pores close to the melting point, facilitating
increased deformation. The study demonstrates and discusses the possible
influence of permafrost, at least locally, on the dynamics of large rock
slope instabilities.
Extreme precipitation events induce high fluxes of groundwater and associated nutrients to the coastal ocean
Authors: Diego-Feliu Marc , Rodellas Valentí , Alorda-Kleinglass Aaron , Saaltink Maarten , Folch Albert , Garcia-Orellana Jordi
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Current Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) studies are commonly conducted under aquifer baseflow conditions, neglecting the influence of episodic events that can significantly increase the supply of nutrients and water. This limits our understanding of the social, biogeochemical, and ecological impacts of SGD. In this study, we evaluated the influence of an extreme precipitation event (EPE) on the magnitude of both the terrestrial and marine components of SGD. To do so, three seawater sampling campaigns were performed at a Mediterranean ephemeral stream-dominated basin after an extreme precipitation event (~90 mm in few hours) and in baseflow conditions. Results indicate that the groundwater flows of terrestrial and marine SGD after the extreme precipitation event were 1 order of magnitude higher than those in baseflow conditions. SGD induced by extreme precipitation events, which only take place a few days per year, represented up to one third of the annual discharge of groundwater and associated nutrients at the study site. This work accentuates the need to account for episodic increases in the supply of water and nutrients when aiming at providing reliable annual SGD estimates, particularly in the current context of climate change, since the occurrence of such events is expected to increase worldwide.
Cursinho Popular Comunidade FazArte - uma experiência no campo da extensão popular
Authors: Mozzer Geisa Nunes de Souza , Vieira Alessandra Oliveira Machado , Boechat Filipe
Published: February 2022

O Cursinho Popular Comunidade FazArte existe na Universidade Federal de Goiás desde 2006. À primeira vista, trata-se de mais um pré-vestibular comunitário, uma vez que está voltado aos processos de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento de estudantes da Educação Básica e de baixa renda, visando seu ingresso em instituições públicas de Ensino Superior brasileiras. Mas o resgate da história do FazArte mostra que o projeto vai além ao buscar, mediante estratégias diversas de ensino e variados processos grupais, contribuir para a conscientização, a organização política e a formação cultural de jovens trabalhadores. O presente relato de experiência busca apresentar um pouco da história desse projeto com o intuito de contribuir para a preservação de sua memória, para os debates atuais sobre Extensão e para a discussão sobre a importância da educação crítica e classista para a transformação da Universidade brasileira num espaço democrático, inclusivo e, sobretudo, popular.
Considerations about leishmaniasis and the current scenario for the development of new treatments
Authors: Nunes dos Santos Silva Vanessa , Da Silva Santos Aline Caroline , Rêgo Alves Pereira Valéria , Accioly Brelaz de Castro Maria Carolina
Published: February 2022

Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease that affects millions of people around the world, mainly socially vulnerable populations and is considered a serious public health problem. Caused by several species of the flagellated protozoa of the Leishmania genus, it is transmitted to man through female sand fly bites. The disease can present the cutaneous, mucocutaneous and visceral clinical forms, varying according to the parasite species and depending on host immune response. Depending on its evolution, the disease may pose serious risks to the afflicted individual’s health. In general, treatment for Leishmaniasis is with pentavalent antimonials, in use for approximately 70 years. However, the existing treatment for Leishmaniasis presents drawbacks such as high toxicity, several side effects, cases of resistance, highlighting the need for new efficient therapeutic approaches. Given all the problems that involve the current treatment of leishmaniasis, it is of paramount importance to seek and screen new molecules that have leishmanicidal activity, meet the safety criteria, while presenting low toxicity, low cost, easy administration and that cure efficiently. This review presents some considerations on the leishmaniasis situation, its treatment and the current panorama for the development of new therapies.KEY WORDS: Leishmania spp.; therapeutics; drug development; immune response.
Cotejo entre dois dicionários de Libras: análise dos microparadigmas
Authors: Fernandes Leandro Andrade , Xavier Vanessa Regina Duarte
Published: February 2022

O dicionário é um instrumento presente em línguas que possuem um sistema de notação, de modo a representar a língua-alvo na modalidade escrita, e com o tempo passam a ser instrumentos normatizadores. Para a elaboração de um verbete, o lexicógrafo necessita estabelecer critérios, selecionando elementos que sejam úteis para seus consulentes. Desta forma, intentamos realizar a avaliação de dois dicionários de Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras), sendo eles o “Dicionário Ilustrado de Libras” (2011) e o “Dicionário Novo DEIT-Libras: Língua de Sinais Brasileira” (2013), concernindo estes os mais representativos da supracitada língua. À vista disso, verificamos a utilização dos microparadigmas nos verbetes, consoantes às informações presentes em textos externos, de forma a apresentar informações linguísticas que auxiliem o consulente no momento de consulta às obras. Propomos, assim, um cotejo entre os dicionários referidos em termos de sua estrutura.
The “Selinitsa-Drakos” coastal karstic system in the Messinian Mani Peninsula (southwestern Greece) in relation to the terrestrial geoenvironment
Authors: Papadopoulou-Vrynioti Kyriaki , Kampolis Isidoros
Published: February 2022

The studied coastal karstic system comprises “Selinitsa” Cave and “Drakos” Underground River. It is located in southwestern Greece across the western coastline of the Messinian Mani Peninsula. It is developed into limestones of Upper Senonian to Upper Eocene age belonging to the Mani geotectonic unit. “Selinitsa” is mainly developed above the sea level, whereas “Drakos” is under water down to -48 m. These two caves are now connected through a 28-m long narrow passage at depth of -28 m, thus creating a united karstic system. Both caves were initially separate and terrestrial. Today, the majority of cave passages of “Selinitsa” are terrestrial. In “Senitsa-Drakos” karstic system, sequential karstification base levels have been identified. These levels determined the karstic system development. “Selinitsa” passages are phreatic and vadose, whereas “Drakos” passages are only phreatic, acting as lifting tubes. The passage network of both caves presents dentritic pattern and comprises the hydrological equivalent of the surface drainage network. To the east of the karstic system, karst margin plains are present comprising karstified tectonic terraces, whereas above the “Selinitsa-Drakos” system manmade terraces exist for agricultural purposes.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Terpadu di SD Negeri Sarwiru Kabupaten Sumedang
Authors: Raharja Jaja Sukma , Rizki Nur Atikah Adela , Eka Laksana Mega Adinda , Cahyanti Wanty , Aeni Ani Nur
Published: February 2022

Pembelajaran terpadu sudah diterapkan di SDN Sarwiru yang ada di kabupaten Sumedang. Dalam penelitian ini bahwa SDN sarwiru memadukan antara 1 mata pelajaran dengan mata pelajaran yang lain, karena kita ketahui bahawa pembelajaran terpadu yaitu gabungan antara mata pelajaran 1 dengan yang lainnya. SDN Sarwiru juga terdapat kendala yang di alaminya, seperti mencari materi pelajaran 1 dengan mata pelajaran yg lain dalam satu tema dan kesulitan dalam merancang pembelajaran tematik yang sangat padu. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini sangat bermanfaat bagi penulis dan pembaca untuk mengetahui penerapan pembelajaran terpadu yg ada salah satunya di kabupaten Sumedang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasi Pembelajaran Terpadu Di SD Negeri Sarwiru Kabupaten Sumedang. Implementasi pembelajaran terpadu tersebut untuk mengetahui Implementasi sistem pembelajaran terpadu di SD negeri Sarwiru meliputi desain pembelajaran, proses belajar mengajar dan evaluasi pembelajaran dan mengetahui kesulitan yang dialami dalam mengimpementaikan Pembelajaraan Terpadu. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SD Negeri Sarwiru. Dengan melibatkan dua orang guru kelas untuk di wawancara. Teknik wawancara dilakukan melalui media sosial WhatsApp. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru di SD Negeri Sarwiru sebagian besar sudah mengetahui mengenai pembelajaran terpadu. Dengan demikian, implementasi pembelajaran terpadu di SD Negeri Sarwiru ini layak untuk dijadikan bahan penelitian kelompok kami.
Analisis Penggunaan Video sebagai Media Pembelajaran Terpadu terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Maulani Siska , Nuraisyah Nisa , Zarina Dini , Velinda Intan , Aeni Ani Nur
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya keberadaan media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi   berupa video pembelajaran. Adanya video pembelajaran ini sebagai upaya motivasi belajar siswa dimana dapat menciptakan suasana belajar yang menyenangkan dan siswa tidak merasa bosan selama pembelajaran berlangsung. Karena jarang sekali guru yang dalam kegiatan pembelajarannya menggunakan video. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penggunaan video sebagai media pembelajaran terpadu terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas III SDN 1 Paniis yang berjumlah 26 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket. Angket untuk mengukur motivasi belajar, respon siswa dan penyajian video dalam pembelajaran terpadu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) Penggunaan video dalam pembelajaran terpadu memberikan kontribusi yang baik terhadap motivasi belajar siswa, dilihat dari frekuensi kategori sangat setuju sebesar 67,25%, 2) Siswa memberikan respon yang kurang baik terhadap pembelajaran terpadu menggunakan video pembelajaran, dilihat dari frekuensi kategori sangat setuju sebesar 43,5%, 3) Penyajian video dalam pembelajaran terpadu telah disajikan dengan baik, dilihat dari frekuensi kategori sangat setuju sebesar 63% .
Perception of Caring Behavior of Nurses and Patients - A Comparative Study
Authors: WHISENHUNT Shirley , ALVIOLA Queenella
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Nurses have several tasks but one of the most crucial for them is to provide quality patient care. However, patients’ perception of care might differ with what nurses think. Patients perceive caring as a developed interpersonal relationship between themselves and their nurses. Contrarily, nurses perceive caring as providing quality care through being knowledgeable and compliant in the prescribed orders through the course of treatment. Aims: This study aims to develop a distinct comparison between the perception of care of patients and nurses. Methodology: A descriptive-comparative design was utilized. Survey data were collected from 200 nurses and 160 patients in the general nursing units of a private, tertiary-level general hospital in the Philippines. The Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 (CBI-24) was used to obtain perceptions of care between nurses and patients. Data was analyzed using t-test to compare care perceptions between nurses and patients. Statistical significance was based on p < .05. Results: The results showed no statistical difference between nurses’ and patients’ CBI-24 scores. Among CBI-24 items, only seven had significant statistical difference. Specifically, staff nurses reported higher scores for ‘spending time with the patient’ and ‘demonstrating professional knowledge and skill’ while patients reported higher scores for ‘giving instructions or teaching the patient,’ ‘supporting the patient,’ ‘being patient or tireless with the patient,’ ‘including the patient in planning his or her care,’ and ‘giving the patient’s treatments and medications on time.’ Conclusions: In general, the perceptions of care between nurses and patients is at the same level. However, there are specific caring behaviors where nurses over- or underestimate themselves. Overall, the results can be used to develop strategies to further improve the quality of care provided to patients.
The Effect of Freight Rates on Fleet Productivity: An Empirical Research on Dry Bulk Market
Authors: AÇIK Abdullah , KAYIRAN Burhan
Published: February 2022

Fleet productivity increases in two directions. First one is achieved by increasing the speed of the vessels in the market conditions where high freight rates are observed, this increases the amount of cargo per unit capacity they carry at the unit time. The other one is related to the short run inelastic supply curve in shipping because of the time to build effect. When the demand increases occur, the amount of cargo carried per unit capacity increases since the increase in supply is limited in the short run. In this context, it is determined the relationship between freight rates and the amount of cargo carried per unit capacity in this study. The Baltic Dry Index (BDI) was selected as a measure of the freight rates, and the tonnage carried per DWT from the portion of the total cargo tonnage carried by the sea to the dry cargo fleet capacity during that year was selected as an indicator of the fleet productivity. The dataset used in the study consists of annual observations covering the period from 1985 to 2020. Correlation and regression methods were used to determine the econometric relationship between the variables. As a result of the study, a significant strong relationship was found between freight rates and productivity in the positive direction. According to the developed model, a 10% increase in the freight rate causes an increase of about 1.3% in fleet productivity.
Study on the Water Transport System in the Northern Region of Dhaka; the Capital City of Bangladesh
Authors: RAHAMAN Md. Mashiur , ZAKARİA Nayeb Md. , RAHMAN Md.
Published: February 2022

All the megacities in the world suffer from traffic jam at certain period of the day but in case of Dhaka with addition of traffic jam it also faces total traffic chaos and mismanagement. In different times, Government of Bangladesh took different initiatives to mitigate this issue but the result was futile. Now various megaprojects are underway to reduce the burden on the roads. Northern region of the Dhaka city is a focal point of various megaprojects of the government to diversify the accommodation for the city dwellers which will lead to requirement of various modes of transportation. Mostly unused waterways in and around the northern region can play a significant role here to diversify the transportations. There are ample opportunities to develop a waterways network. The study aims at the development of a sustainable design of a waterbus for the northern region of Dhaka city. The proposed route and the waterbus can ensure the movement of a substantial portions of the people along this region and its surroundings without any hassle and traffic jam. The development of the network will also help to preserve the natural environment along the route.
Kebijakan Pemerintah Kabupaten Gunung Mas Dalam Pengendalian Kerusakan Lingkungan Pertambangan Emas Skala Kecil
Authors: Lombah Roberto Adriano , Jaya Adi , Kembarawati  , Taufik Eka Noor , Antang Emmy Uthanya , Damanik Zafrullah
Published: February 2022

This study is to determine the policies of the Gunung Mas Regency Government regarding Small-Scale Gold Mining in Tanjung Riu Village, to know the factors that cause small-scale gold mining activities, knowing the social impacts that occur, knowing the policies of the Gunung Mas Regency Government. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using the purposive sampling technique. The research was conducted in Tanjung Riu Village, Kurun District, Gunung Mas Regency, Central Kalimantan Province, from August to September 2019. The variables observed included (1) Economic Factors, (2) Social and Cultural Factors, (3) Government policy in implementing Community Mining Areas (WPR). The results showed that the factors causing small-scale gold mining (ASGM) in Tanjung Riu Village were economic factors with a percentage of 92.7%. The social impact resulting from Small Scale Gold Mining (ASGM) activities is the circulation of illegal drugs by 64.23%. The Gunung Mas Regency government policy regarding Small-Scale Gold Mining (PESK) is granting People's Mining Permits (IPR) and managed through the Gunung Mas Perkasa Regional Company. The community obeys government regulations by not working illegally.
An analysis of cost and time for non-emergency calls: A retrospective study on the Emergency Medical Services resources management
Authors: Abdul-Aziz Qawwas Lutfiah , Ali Algaribi Saud , Al Haliq Samer A. , Almufareh Bandar , Mohammed Almakhalas Kharsan
Published: February 2022

Background: Non-transported calls refer to calls received by dispatchers, ambulances dispatched, and the patient not being transported to any health facility. There is a need to analyze and scrutinize the number of such calls and the monetary cost associated with them as it will help to build an effective system to prevent wastage of money and time. Objective: The main objective of this study is to determine the cost and time lost due to the use of resources higher than required in non-emergency situations, and then a comparison is being made to determine the acceptable cost if the appropriate resources are used for such cases. Incidence of non-transported Emergency Medical Services (EMS) calls and the financial and time burdens in Jubail, classified non-urgent from 2017 to 2019, have wasted EMS resources. This information can be useful to improve EMS operations and allocate resources to control inappropriate usage. Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to assess non-emergency EMS calls in Jubail, Saudi Arabia. Study data were obtained from the Royal Commission Health Services Program- Jubail (RCHSP-J) key performance indicator (KPIs) system from 2017 to 2019. Descriptive statistical measures (sum, mean, and percentage), and comparison methods were obtained. Results: The cost from 2017 to 2019 for the non-emergency calls by using the advanced life support ambulance (ALS) was 2,051,651 USD while the cost of emergency calls was 546,037 USD only. On the other hand, the time for the non-emergency calls was 6870 hours (78%) and the emergency calls were only 1769 hours (22%). Conclusion: In systems with limited resources and poor regulation; the non-emergency calls having higher costs and time more than emergency calls from 2017 to 2019, might have caused a delay in providing care for the more serious cases. This involves a significant financial waste that could have been planned to make the system work more efficiently avoiding massive waste of resources.