bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSALTO NO LOCAL DE TRABALHO, PERSONALIDADE E COPING: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Mello de Almeida Schneider Andréia , Susana Guevara Werlang Blanca
Published: March 2013

Trabalhadores de locais onde há grande circulação de pessoas e que lidam com grandes quantias de dinheiro são expostos a um contexto de potencial risco de assalto. Como sujeitos a violência interpessoal comunitária, tornam-se pessoas vulneráveis ao sofrimento psíquico advindo desse evento estressor. Diante disso, esta revisão de literatura visa a analisar aspectos da personalidade e as formas de enfrentamento do estresse por parte das vítimas. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática sobre o tema assalto no local de trabalho e suas consequências psicológicas. O estudo foi baseado no levantamento da produção científica nas bases de dados PsycINFO, MEDLINE/PubMed e LILACS dos últimos quinze anos, utilizando diferentes combinações de unitermos. A maioria dos estudos identificados aponta a presença de sintomas psicopatológicos nas vítimas de assalto no local de trabalho. Além disso, quanto à personalidade, verificou-se, nesta revisão, estudos queassinalam a presença de evidências de baixa autoestima, dificuldades no relacionamento interpessoal e no afeto. Quanto à estratégia de enfrentamento, as pesquisas mostramindício de maior sofrimento nas vítimas de assalto que usavam estratégias diferentes de modo alternado. Nota-se a importância de se considerar a avaliação da personalidadeapós uma vivência de assalto no local de trabalho.
ABANDONO E ACOLHIMENTO INSTITUCIONAL: ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE MAIORIDADE E DESINSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Emanuela Soares da Silva Figueiró Martha , Ricardo Campos Herculano
Published: March 2013

O presente estudo buscou identificar o papel da rede de acolhimento institucional no que diz respeito à preparação e à orientação do jovem para a vida pós-desligamento obrigatório devido à maioridade. Realizou-se um estudo de caso da trajetória institucional de um jovem com mais de 18 anos de idade, institucionalizado em abrigo municipal para adolescentes desde os 15 anos, impossibilitado de retornar à família e à comunidade de origem, e recém-egresso. A escolha do sujeito de referência para oestudo ocorreu por meio de entrevistas exploratórias realizadas com funcionários da Rede de Apoio à Criança e ao Adolescente em Situação de Risco na cidade de Natal(RN). As informações sobre o caso foram colhidas por meio de entrevistas abertas com o jovem, os educadores e os gestores da rede em Natal, visitas exploratórias a ambientes e locais de referência da vida do jovem, leitura de documentações referentes à vida institucional do jovem e notas de campo. A análise dos dados apontou o despreparo e a pouca habilidade do jovem no trato com a vida social de um mundo adulto, bem como uma incompatibilidade entre os seus planos e desejos relacionados à sua vida pós-abrigo e as opções oferecidas pela rede de acolhimento. Tal situação decorre da falta de um projeto político-pedagógico da instituição de acolhimento e de políticas públicas voltadas para essa questão. Esses elementos indicam que o acolhimento institucional contribui para uma inclusão precária, podendo acarretar umasérie de novas situações de risco à vida do sujeito.
AVALIAÇÃO PSICOLÓGICA NA ADERÊNCIA TERAPÊUTICA DE TRATAMENTO HEMODIALÍTICO
Authors: Russel Martins Remerson , Carlos Alchieri João
Published: March 2013

A aderência terapêutica é conceituada como o grau de concordância entre o comportamento do paciente e as prescrições da equipe de saúde. Avalia-se com o Inventário Millon de Estilos de Personalidade (IMEP) respostas comportamentais da aderência terapêutica ao tratamento hemodialítico. Participantes de um programa de atendimento hemodialítico, 41 mulheres e 39 homens, de 19 a 78 anos (± 43,4 anos), de seis meses a 22 anos de hemodiálise (± 4,24 anos), foram avaliados entre agosto de 2007 e janeiro de 2008, na Grande Natal (RN). Observou-se uma aderência média de 55,97% (±18,37%) e uma associação significativa (p < 0,05) com algumas escalas do IMEP. Assim, os pacientes mais aderentes apresentaram-se mais otimistas, buscando adaptar-se, processando dados objetivos e simbólicos, estabelecendo relacionamentos gregários e flexíveis. Estas características explicaram 37,9% da variação da pressão arterial pré-diálise. O IMEP discriminou diferentes níveis de aderência, sendo que o uso de diferentes indicadores mostrou-se importante na avaliação da aderência. Os níveis de aderência observados conformam-se ao registrado pela literatura.
DESEMPENHO DE ESCOLARES COM DISLEXIA: PROGRAMAS DE INTERVENÇÃO METALINGUÍSTICO E DE LEITURA
Authors: Donadon Germano Giseli , Henrique Pinheiro Fábio , Aparecida Capellini Simone
Published: March 2013

A dislexia é um distúrbio específico de aprendizagem de origem neurológica, resultante de um deficit no componente fonológico da linguagem. Este estudo visou verificar o desempenho de escolares com dislexia em programa de intervenção fonológica, programa de leitura e programa de intervenção fonológica e leitura em escolares com dislexia. Participaram deste estudo 60 disléxicos distribuídos em: GI (dez escolares com dislexia submetidos e dez escolares com dislexia não submetidos ao programa de intervenção fonológica), GII (dez escolares com dislexia submetidos e dez escolares com dislexia não submetidos ao programa de leitura), GIII (dez escolares com dislexia submetidos edez escolares com dislexia não submetidos ao programa de intervenção fonológica e leitura). Foi realizado o programa de intervenção fonológica e leitura em três etapas: pré-testagem, treino, pós-testagem. Os resultados revelaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os dois momentos de avaliação, revelando melhora nas habilidades cognitivo-linguísticas em situação de pós-testagemcomparando-se a pré-testagem, demonstrando a eficácia dos três programas para escolares com dislexia. Concluiu-se que houve uma melhora do desempenho dos escolares com dislexia submetidos aos programas de intervenção, evidenciando a necessidade da instrução fonológica no contexto da alfabetização, pois isso auxiliaria os escolares a desenvolverem habilidades cognitivo-linguísticas para a aprendizagem da base alfabética do sistema de escrita do português brasileiro.
Paternal Work Stress and the Mental Health of Fathers and Children: A Role for Urban and Rural Migration Patterns
Authors: Maggi Stefania , Ostry Aleck , Roberts William , D'Angiulli Amedeo , Hertzman Clyde
Published: March 2013

How paternal influences interact with community factors to determine adolescent mental health is currently not well understood. In the current study we present a unique analysis of how paternal work stress, mental health, ethnicity, work history, and migration patterns between rural and urban communities (or vice versa) are associated with mental health outcomes among 2,342 adolescents. Path analyses revealed that fathers’ relocation was associated with less paternal work stress, and fewer mental health problems both in adolescents and their fathers. These findings contribute to our understanding of how family-level variables interplay with community characteristics to promote or hinder mental health among youth.
Implementing an Evidence-Based Parent–Child Mental Health Program in a High-Risk Community
Authors: Miller Fiona K. , Keating Daniel P.
Published: March 2013

This study reports the implementation of a program for early onset disruptive behaviour (Webster- Stratton & Hammond, 1997) through a hospital– community agency partnership in a demographically highrisk community traditionally underserved for mental health services. Sixty-four families at the clinic site and 19 at the community site completed the program at similar rates. The community sample had significantly higher demographic risk (income, immigrant status, parental education). Both groups showed significant improvement on parent-rated disruptive child behaviour and parenting stress. Staff interviews indicated strong support for program continuation and identified areas needing further attention. The findings are discussed in terms of possible approaches to mental health promotion in high-risk communities.
How Inspecting a Picture Affects Processing of Text in Multimedia Learning
Authors: Eitel Alexander , Scheiter Katharina , Schüler Anne
Published: March 2013

We investigated how a picture fosters learning from text, both with self‐paced presentation and with short presentation before text. In an experiment, participants (N = 114) learned about the structure and functioning of a pulley system in one of six conditions: text only, picture presentation for 150 milliseconds, 600 milliseconds, or 2 seconds, or self‐paced before text, or self‐paced concurrent presentation of text and picture. Presenting the picture for self‐paced study time, both before and concurrently with text, fostered recall and comprehension and sped up text processing compared with presenting text only. Moreover, even inspecting the picture for only 600 milliseconds or 2 seconds improved comprehension and yielded faster reading of subsequent text about the spatial structure of the system compared with text only. These findings suggest that pictures, even if attended for a short time only, may yield a spatial mental scaffold that allows for the integration with verbal information, thereby fostering comprehension. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
H ∞  filtering for discrete‐time Markov jump systems with unknown transition probabilities
Authors: Luan Xiaoli , Zhao Shunyi , Shi Peng , Liu Fei
Published: March 2013

This paper investigates the state estimation problem for a class of Markov jump systems with unknown transition probabilities (TPs). Considering more general cases where the TPs are unknown, but the distribution of TPs can be approximated by Gaussian process, we use the Gaussian transition PDF to describe the random distribution characteristics of TPs. With the proposed PDF description, the corresponding Markov jump systems can cover the systems with precisely known and partially known TPs as two special cases. A discretization method is firstly developed to obtain the expectation of TPs from the Gaussian PDF. Then, an H ∞  filter is designed such that the closed‐loop systems are stochastically stable and the estimation error satisfies a given noise attenuation level. Finally, a numerical example is worked out to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enantiopure Chiral Poly(glycerol methacrylate) Self‐Assembled Monolayers Knock Down Protein Adsorption and Cell Adhesion
Authors: Li Zheng , Köwitsch Alexander , Zhou Guoying , Groth Thomas , Fuhrmann Bodo , Niepel Marcus , Amado Elkin , Kressler Jörg
Published: March 2013

Chirality plays a fundamental role not only in biological systems, but also in synthetic materials intended for bio‐applications. Self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) are prepared on gold surfaces through a “grafting to” method from racemic or enantiopure chiral poly(glycerol methacrylate)s (PGMA(rac), PGMA(R), and PGMA(S)), having a thiol endgroup. Such SAMs constitute a chemically and structurally well‐defined model substrate for studying protein adsorption and cell adhesion as a function of the polymer chirality. Surface plasmon resonance measurements reveal that PGMA SAMs greatly reduce the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) compared to bare gold surfaces. Interestingly, enantiopure SAMs based on PGMA(R) or PGMA(S) show a significantly larger reduction in BSA adsorption than PGMA(rac)‐covered surfaces. Studies with the monocytic cell line THP‐1 show a similar relationship between enantiopurity of PGMA SAMs and the extent of cell adhesion. Ellipsometry and Raman spectroscopy measurements indicate that SAMs formed by PGMA(rac) have a higher grafting density compared to SAMs of PGMA(R) and PGMA(S). This seems to be due to the ability of PGMA(rac) to form more intermolecular hydrogen bonds among polymer chains compared to the enantiopure PGMAs. Circular dichroism spectroscopy provide evidence that enantiopure polymers adopt a chiral ordered conformation, most likely helical, in aqueous solutions. It is concluded that a higher water content of SAMs formed by enantiopure PGMA(S) and PGMA(R) SAMs arises from the macromolecular chiral conformation adopted by their enantiopure PGMA chains, and it is the decisive reason for the reduced BSA adsorption and cell adhesion as compared to PGMA(rac) SAMs.
Current Methods for Inducing Pluripotency in Somatic Cells
Authors: Tavernier Geertrui , Mlody Barbara , Demeester Jo , Adjaye James , De Smedt Stefaan C.
Published: March 2013

The groundbreaking discovery of reprogramming fibroblasts towards pluripotency merely by introducing four transcription factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and c‐MYC) by means of retroviral transduction has created a promising revolution in the field of regenerative medicine. These so‐called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can provide a cell source for disease‐modelling, drug‐screening platforms, and transplantation strategies to treat incurable degenerative diseases, while circumventing the ethical issues and immune rejections associated with the use of non‐autologous embryonic stem cells. The risk of insertional mutagenesis, caused both by the viral and transgene nature of the technique has proven to be the major limitation for iPSCs to be used in a clinical setting. In view of this, a variety of alternative techniques have been developed to induce pluripotency in somatic cells. This review provides an overview on current reprogramming protocols, discusses their pros and cons and future challenges to provide safe and transgene‐free iPSCs.
More than training: Community‐based participatory research to reduce injuries among hispanic construction workers
Authors: Forst Linda , Ahonen Emily , Zanoni Joseph , Holloway‐Beth Alfreda , Oschner Michele , Kimmel Louis , Martino Carmen , Rodriguez Eric , Kader Adam , Ringholm Elisa , Sokas Rosemary
Published: March 2013

Background

Workplace mortality and severe injury are disproportionately distributed among foreign born and Hispanic construction workers. Worker Centers (WCs) provide services and advocacy for low‐wage workers and a way for investigators to reach them. The goal of this project is to prevent occupational injuries by increasing awareness of hazards and self‐efficacy among foreign born, Hispanic construction workers and by expanding the agenda of WCs to include occupational health and safety (H&S).

Methods

Investigators partnered with eight WCs in seven cities to train worker leaders to deliver a modified OSHA 10‐hr curriculum to their peers.

Results

Thirty‐two worker leaders trained 446 workers over 3 years. There was a demonstrated improvement in knowledge, hazard identification, self‐efficacy, and sustainable H&S activities.

Conclusions

This study provides evidence for successful implementation of a training intervention for low wage, low literacy Hispanic construction workers using a community‐based participatory research approach. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:827–837, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fractures in Children With Neurofibromatosis Type 1 From Two NF Clinics
Authors: George‐Abraham Jaya K. , Martin Lisa J. , Kalkwarf Heidi J. , Rieley Margaret B. , Stevenson David A. , Viskochil David H. , Hopkin Robert J. , Stevens Austin M. , Hanson Heather , Schorry Elizabeth K.
Published: March 2013

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with osseous abnormalities occurring in up to one‐third of patients. Several studies have documented osteopenia in both children and adults with NF1; however, the significance of lower bone mineral density (BMD) in relationship to fracture incidence is not well elucidated in NF1, particularly in children. We undertook a retrospective study to determine prevalence and location of fractures in children and adolescents with NF1, ages 5–20 years, using a standardized questionnaire. We surveyed 256 individuals with NF1 from two multidisciplinary NF centers and 178 controls without NF1 of similar ages and sex. Participants with known long bone dysplasia (LBD) were analyzed separately. Data collected included numbers and location of fractures, dietary calcium intake, and physical activity levels. There was no difference in prevalence of ever having a fracture between the NF1 group without LBD (22%) and the control group (25%); median number of fractures also did not differ. There were significant differences in fracture location with a higher frequency of fractures of the lower extremities in NF1 individuals without LBD compared to controls. Both NF1 cohorts had lower rates of physical activity than controls (P < 0.0001). Our data demonstrate that the likelihood of having had a fracture is not higher in young NF1 individuals without LBD in comparison to healthy controls. The lower physical activity level may have a “protective effect” for those with NF1, thus keeping their fracture incidence lower than expected for their relative degree of osteopenia. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Overlap and specificity of genetic and environmental influences on excessive acquisition and difficulties discarding possessions: Implications for hoarding disorder
Authors: Nordsletten Ashley E. , Monzani Benedetta , Fernández de la Cruz Lorena , Iervolino Alessandra C. , Fullana Miquel A. , Harris Juliette , Rijsdijk Fruhling , Mataix‐Cols David
Published: March 2013

A reluctance to discard items, leading to severely cluttered living spaces, is the landmark feature of hoarding disorder (HD). Many, but not all, individuals with HD also excessively acquire, buy or even steal items that they do not need and for which no space is available. In DSM‐5, “excessive acquisition” can be coded as a specifier of HD. Despite their consistent co‐occurrence, the question of whether excessive acquisition and difficulties discarding possessions share a common etiology remains unanswered. The current study sought to flesh out this relationship by examining the extent of shared genetic and environmental influences on the association between excessive acquisition and difficulties discarding in a community sample of adult, female twins. A total of 5,022 female twins (2,529 pairs; mean age = 55.5 years) completed a self‐report measure of hoarding symptoms, including items assessing excessive acquisition and difficulties discarding. The data were analyzed using bivariate twin modeling methods in the statistical program Mx. As expected, we found a strong phenotypic correlation (0.63) between excessive acquisition and difficulty discarding items. Both traits were moderately heritable. The genetic correlation between the traits was estimated to be 0.77 (95% CI: 0.69–0.85), indicating a substantial but imperfect genetic overlap. The non‐shared environmental correlation (0.50 [95% CI: 0.42–0.57]), though lower, was also significant. The findings demonstrate a substantial genetic, and more modest environmental, etiological overlap between the excessive acquisition of possessions and difficulties discarding them, providing a possible explanation for their frequent co‐occurrence in HD. However, given that the etiological overlap is not perfect, unique etiological influences, particularly environmental, on each phenotype seem plausible. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthese und Pharmakologie von Proteasom‐Inhibitoren
Authors: Rentsch Andreas , Landsberg Dirk , Brodmann Tobias , Bülow Leila , Girbig Anna‐Katharina , Kalesse Markus
Published: March 2013

Schon kurz nach der Entdeckung des Proteasoms war klar, dass Proteasom‐Inhibitoren in der Lage sein sollten, Proteine zu stabilisieren, die zur Apoptose von Tumorzellen führen sollten. Die entscheidenden Fragen dabei war, ob es prinzipiell überhaupt möglich ist, das Proteasom zu inhibieren, ohne untragbare Nebenwirkungen hervorzurufen, und wie man zu solchen Inhibitoren gelangen könnte. Glücklicherweise stellt “Mutter Natur” eine ganze Bandbreite von verschiedenen Naturstoffen zur Verfügung, die selektiv und spezifisch das Proteasom inhibieren. Die chemische Synthese dieser Naturstoffe hat schließlich den Zugang zu deren Analoga und optimierten Wirkstoffen ermöglicht, von denen zwei bereits als Medikament zur Behandlung von Krebserkrankungen zugelassen sind. Trotz dieser Erfolge werden noch weitere Naturstoffe als Leitstrukturen bearbeitet, und wir werden deren biologisches Potenzial sowie die damit verbundenen Herausforderungen auf dem Gebiet der Synthese im Folgenden besprechen.
Computational Enzyme Design
Authors: Kiss Gert , Çelebi‐Ölçüm Nihan , Moretti Rocco , Baker David , Houk K. N.
Published: March 2013

Recent developments in computational chemistry and biology have come together in the “inside‐out” approach to enzyme engineering. Proteins have been designed to catalyze reactions not previously accelerated in nature. Some of these proteins fold and act as catalysts, but the success rate is still low. The achievements and limitations of the current technology are highlighted and contrasted to other protein engineering techniques. On its own, computational “inside‐out” design can lead to the production of catalytically active and selective proteins, but their kinetic performances fall short of natural enzymes. When combined with directed evolution, molecular dynamics simulations, and crowd‐sourced structure‐prediction approaches, however, computational designs can be significantly improved in terms of binding, turnover, and thermal stability.
Tetraphosphine/palladium‐catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of heteroaryl halides with 3‐pyridine‐ and 3‐thiopheneboronic acid: an efficient catalyst for the formation of biheteroaryls
Authors: Wang Kun , Fu Qi , Zhou Rong , Zheng Xueli , Fu Haiyan , Chen Hua , Li Ruixiang
Published: March 2013

An easily prepared tetraphosphine N,N,N′,N′‐tetra(diphenylphosphinomethyl)‐1,2‐ethylenediamine (L1) associated with [Pd(η3‐C3H5)Cl]2 affords an efficient catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of 3‐pyridineboronic acid with heteroaryl bromides. Reaction could be performed with as little as 0.02 mol% catalyst and a high turnover number of 2500 is obtained. A wide range of substrates is investigated with satisfactory yields, and good compatibility with aminogroup‐substituted pyridines and unprotected indole is exhibited. This protocol can also be applied successfully to the reaction of heteroaryl bromides with 3‐thiopheneboronic acid. This Pd‐tetraphosphine catalyst efficiently restrains the poisoning effect from heteroaryls, and shows good stability and longevity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using polyethyleneimine (PEI) as a scaffold to construct mimicking systems of [FeFe]‐hydrogenase: preparation, characterization of PEI‐based materials, and their catalysis on proton reduction
Authors: Li Yao , Zhong Wei , Qian Guifen , Xiao Zhiyin , Liu Xiaoming
Published: March 2013

Ten branched polymeric materials (PEI‐P‐Fe2s) derived from polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized with [Fe2(CO)5]‐units to mimic [FeFe]‐hydrogenase were prepared. Before the functionalization, PEI was first premodified using diphenylphosphinamine (NPPh2) group. In the premodification, three approaches were employed: (i) using PEI with an average molecular weight of 1800 and 600, respectively; (ii) grafting NPPh2 group by either direct reaction of chlorodiphenylphosphine with PEI or Br(CH2)11OPPh2; and (iii) further premodification with BrCH2COOH after immobilization of the NPPh2 group. Reaction of the premodified PEI with diiron hexacarbonyl complexes, [Fe2(μ‐S)2(CO)6] (1), or [Fe2(μ‐S2C2H4)(CO)6] (3) produced 10 functionalized materials, PEI‐P‐Fe2s. These materials were characterized using a variety of spectroscopic techniques, FTIR, NMR, TGA, and cyclic voltammetry. Spectral comparison with two control complexes, [Fe2(μ‐S)2(CO)5PPh3] (2) and [Fe2(μ‐S2C2H4)(CO)5PPh3] (4), suggested that the immobilized diiron units of PEI‐P‐Fe2s were dominantly pentacarbonyl analogous to complexes 2 and 4, although tetracarbonyl units may also exist because the amine groups of PEI could also be involved in substituting CO, as was the NPPh2 group. The catalysis of these materials on proton reduction was examined in 0.1 mol l−1 [NBut4]BF4/DMF containing acetic acid by using cyclic voltammetry. Our results indicated that both the presence of carboxylic acid and dangling the diiron units at the end of a long aliphatic chain improved catalytic efficiency by one‐fold. The improvement was attributed to the increase in flexibility of the catalytic center and enhancement of proton transfer during the catalysis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brief Report: Reduced Joint Counts Misclassify Patients With Oligoarticular Psoriatic Arthritis and Miss Significant Numbers of Patients With Active Disease
Authors: Coates Laura C. , FitzGerald Oliver , Gladman Dafna D. , McHugh Neil , Mease Philip , Strand Vibeke , Helliwell Philip S.
Published: March 2013

Objective

To evaluate joint counts in patients with oligoarticular psoriatic arthritis (PsA) for their correlation with treatment decisions and to determine the proportion of patients in whom active disease was missed using reduced joint counts.

Methods

The international Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Composite Exercise cohort was used for this study. Oligoarthritis was defined as <5 tender and/or swollen joints. At baseline, a tender joint count (TJC) using 68 joints and a swollen joint count (SJC) using 66 joints (66/68‐joint counts) were assessed. Reduced joint counts designed for use in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), including 28‐ and 44‐joint counts, were analyzed. In addition, the following proposed joint counts for PsA were tested: the PsA‐44 (which includes elbows, wrists, metacarpophalangeal joints, finger proximal interphalangeal [PIP] joints, distal interphalangeal joints, knees, and metatarsophalangeal joints) and the PsA‐56 (which includes the same joints as those assessed for the PsA‐44 plus ankles and toe PIP joints). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess whether joint counts predict treatment changes. The proportion of patients in whom active disease was missed using reduced joint counts designed for RA was also assessed.

Results

Among 503 patients recruited to the study, 266 (53%) had oligoarthritis. ROC curve analysis revealed that no TJC or active joint count (AJC), even a 66/68‐joint count, predicted treatment change (for the TJC, area under the curve [AUC] 0.57, P = 0.125; for the AJC, AUC 0.56, P = 0.159). Use of the SJC in 66 joints did predict treatment change (AUC 0.62, P = 0.006), as did the SJC using the PsA‐44 and the PsA‐56 (P < 0.03). Neither of the reduced joint counts designed for RA predicted treatment change. A 28‐joint count designed for RA missed 21% of patients with tender joints (n = 29) and 27% of patients with swollen joints (n = 23). The PsA‐44 and PsA‐56 joint counts missed tender joints in 25 patients and 13 patients, respectively, and missed swollen joints in 11 patients and 2 patients, respectively.

Conclusion

Patients with oligoarticular PsA cannot be accurately assessed for active disease using reduced joint counts designed for RA. Full 66/68‐joint counts should be performed to assess patients with PsA.
Comparison of Alternative Primary Outcome Measures for Use in Lupus Nephritis Clinical Trials
Authors: Wofsy David , Hillson Jan L. , Diamond Betty
Published: March 2013

Objective

Clinical trials of therapies for lupus nephritis have used many different primary outcome measures, ranging from complete response to time to end‐stage renal disease. The objective of this study was to compare several possible outcome measures, using data from a large, multicenter trial of abatacept in lupus nephritis, to gain insight into which outcome measure, if any, was best able to discern differences among treatment groups.

Methods

Study patients received either abatacept or placebo, on a background of mycophenolate mofetil and glucocorticoids. Using data from this trial, the following primary outcome measures at 24 and 52 weeks were compared: complete response rate, major clinical response rate, total response rate (complete plus partial response), improvement in proteinuria, improvement in estimated glomerular filtration rate, and frequency of treatment failure. Time to complete response was also evaluated.

Results

Complete response rate, major clinical response rate, and time to complete response were the measures that best discriminated between the abatacept groups and placebo, and the sensitivities of these 3 measures were comparable. For these measures, sample sizes of 50 patients would have been sufficient to demonstrate a statistically significant difference between treatment and control at 52 weeks. Each of the other measures also discriminated between treatment and control, but much larger group sizes would have been required to determine statistical significance.

Conclusion

The choice of primary outcome measure can substantially influence the ability to detect therapeutic benefit in lupus nephritis trials. This study suggests that complete response rate, major clinical response rate at 52 weeks, and time to complete response may be the most sensitive outcome measures for detecting differences among therapeutic regimens.
Further Enhancement of the Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical (NLO) Coefficient and the Stability of NLO Polymers that Contain Isolation Chromophore Moieties by Using the “Suitable Isolation Group” Concept and the Ar/ArF Self‐Assembly Effect
Authors: Wu Wenbo , Ye Cheng , Qin Jingui , Li Zhen
Published: March 2013

For the first time, a series of second‐order NLO poly(arylene‐ethynylene)s, in which an isolation chromophore was introduced to enhance the NLO coefficients, were successfully designed and synthesized. Thanks to the isolation chromophore, these polymers demonstrated good NLO activities and optical transparency. To further improve the comprehensive performance of the polymers, different isolation groups of various sizes were introduced to subtly modify the structure of the polymers according to the “suitable isolation group” concept. The naphthalene (Np) group was found to be a “suitable isolation group” in this series of polymers and polymer P3 demonstrated the highest d33 value (122.1 pm V−1) of these five polymers. Interestingly, polymer P5, which contained a pentafluorophenyl ring as an isolation group, exhibited a much higher NLO effect and stability than polymer P2, which just contained normal phenyl rings as isolation groups (97.2 versus 62.5 pm V−1), thus indicating the advantages of the ArArF self‐assembly effect in the field of non‐linear optics.
Fractional Order Controller Design for A Flexible Link Manipulator Robot
Authors: Delavari Hadi , Lanusse Patrick , Sabatier Jocelyn
Published: March 2013

In this paper a novel controller for a flexible link manipulator based on fractional calculus is proposed. A hybrid system that combines the advantages in terms of robustness of the fractional control and the sliding mode control is proposed. Due to adding the extra degree of freedom, the fractional order sliding mode controller can achieve better control performance than the integer order sliding mode controller. For the problem of determining the design parameters, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used. The proposed controller is applied for a single‐link flexible manipulator robot. Finally, the performance and the significance of the closed loop system are investigated. The simulation results signify the performance of the proposed controller.
The Effects of Interleukin‐6 Signal Blockade on Immune System, Reproductive and Skeletal Development in Juvenile Mice
Authors: Sakurai Takayuki , Takai Ryo , Bürgin Heinrich , Shioda Akifumi , Sakamoto Yuichiro , Amano Jun , Grimm Hans Peter , Richter Wolfgang F. , Higuchi Yoshinobu , Chiba Shuichi , Kawamura Akinori , Suzuki Masami , Müller Lutz
Published: March 2013

Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple disorders, including juvenile autoimmune diseases. IL‐6 participates in a broad spectrum of physiological events, and the IL‐6 receptor (IL‐6R) is widely distributed across multiple organs. The interrelationship of development phases in juveniles together with organs involved in IL‐6 signaling called for evaluations of anti–IL‐6R antibody induced effects in a juvenile mouse model to assess the safety of such an approach in human juvenile arthritis. Here we show that naive mice in which IL‐6 signals have been transiently blocked during the juvenile period develop normally. The fatal immunogenic reactions recorded earlier by repeated administration of the chosen rat anti‐mouse IL‐6R antibody, MR16‐1, to mice were avoided successfully by application of a high loading dose followed by lower maintenance doses, with the support of modeling data. The high loading‐dose regimen enabled us to conduct assessments without any major interference due to immunogenicity. Transient and complete inhibition of IL‐6 signals from postnatal days 22 to 79 in mice exhibited no biologically important changes in sexual maturation or development of immune and skeletal systems. Although tendencies toward reductions of peripheral blood T‐cell counts were observed, normal levels of antigen‐specific IgG/IgM antibody productions indicating sufficient immunological functions were confirmed. Our results demonstrate that blockage of IL‐6R by the neutralizing antibody does not affect juvenile development. This may be in part due to the generation or existence of compensatory pathways in the whole body system.
The Addressing Fragment of Mitogaligin: First Insights into Functional and Structural Properties
Authors: Senille Violette , Lelievre Dominique , Paquet Françoise , Garnier Norbert , Lamb Ned , Legrand Alain , Delmas Agnès F. , Landon Céline
Published: March 2013

Mitogaligin is a mitochondrion‐targeting protein involved in cell death. The sequence of the protein is unrelated to that of any known pro‐ or antiapoptotic protein. Mitochondrial targeting is controlled by an internal sequence from residues 31 to 53, and although this sequence is essential and sufficient to provoke cell death, the precise mechanism of action at the mitochondrial membrane remains to be elucidated. Here, by focusing on the [31–53] fragment, we first assessed and confirmed its cell cytotoxicity by microinjection. Subsequently, with the aid of membrane models, we evaluated the impact of the membrane environment on the 3D structure of the peptide and on how the peptide is embedded and oriented within membranes. The fragment is well organized, even though it does not contain a canonical secondary structure, and adopts an interfacial location. Structural comparison with other membrane‐interacting Trp‐rich peptides demonstrated similarities with the antimicrobial peptide tritrpcidin.
Interplay Between Bromine and Iodine in Oxidative Dehydrogenation
Authors: Ding Kunlun , Metiu Horia , Stucky Galen D.
Published: March 2013

Oxidative dehydrogenation is a promising way to produce olefins, diolefins and aromatics. However, the product yield is limited by the consecutive oxidation of the product to oxygenated products. The highest yield reported for propane oxidative dehydrogenation is only about 30 %. Alternatively, halogens can be used as oxidants in oxidative dehydrogenations. Although the iodine process is highly selective, it requires very high reaction temperatures (≈900 K) to give a good yield of C3H6+C3H7I, and iodine is too expensive for industrial deployment. Bromine is a more reactive oxidant but less selective towards C3H6 and C3H7Br. We show that the use of bromine–iodine mixtures with low iodine content (no greater than 20 %) results in up to 80 % of C3H6+C3H7X single‐pass yield at moderate reaction temperatures (<800 K). The results are promising for developing a low temperature on‐purpose propylene technology. Furthermore, the underlying chemistry might be extended to the synthesis of many other commercially desirable unsaturated hydrocarbons.
ChemInform Abstract: Complex Anion Inclusion Compounds: Flexible Anion‐Exchange Materials.
Authors: Williams Edward R. , Leithall Rebecca M. , Raja Robert , Weller Mark T.
Published: March 2013

A series of materials of general formula AxCu6 (P2O7)4Clx‐6(TX4) (A: K, Rb, Cs, NH4; T: P, Cu, Pd, Pt, Au; X: (O,OH), Cl, Br; x = 7, 9) are hydrothermally synthesized (autoclave, 448—493 K, 2 d) and characterized by powder and single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Maximum Hydrogen Chemisorption on KL Zeolite Supported Pt Clusters.
Authors: Jensen Christopher , Buck Doris , Dilger Herbert , Bauer Matthias , Phillipp Fritz , Roduner Emil
Published: March 2013

Pt clusters supported on KL zeolites are prepared by aqueous ion exchange with [Pt(NH3)4]Cl and characterized by EPR spectroscopy, HRTEM, and EXAFS.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct C—H Functionalization of Enamides and Enecarbamates by Using Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalysis.
Authors: Jiang Heng , Huang Chengmei , Guo Jiajia , Zeng Chuanqi , Zhang Yan , Yu Shouyun
Published: March 2013

The reactions are carried out using a 3 W blue strip light.
ChemInform Abstract: A Base‐Promoted Deprotection of 1,3‐Dioxolanes to Ketones.
Authors: Yuan Changchun , Yang Li , Yue Guizhou , Yu Tianzi , Zhong Weiming , Lui Bo
Published: March 2013

An effective method is presented for various dioxolane substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Allenylation of Malonates with the Generation of Central Chirality.
Authors: Li Qiankun , Fu Chunling , Ma Shengming
Published: March 2013

The addition of water is essential for the reaction, which proceeds also in a gram‐scale.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Olefinic Trifluoromethylation of Enamides at Room Temperature.
Authors: Feng Chao , Loh Teck‐Peng
Published: March 2013

This reaction yields E‐alkenes with high selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Novel C3‐Symmetric Arsine and Its Application in Stereoselective Cyclopropanation of Electron‐Deficient Olefins.
Authors: Wang Changqing
Published: March 2013

Arsine TPA is demonstrated to be an effective catalyst for the process.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Perfluoroalkanoylcyclopentane‐1,3‐diones. Synthesis and Some Transformations.
Authors: Khlebnikova T. S. , Piven' Yu. A. , Isakova V. G. , Lakhvich F. A.
Published: March 2013

The title compounds (III) are synthesized for the first time by acylation of cyclopentane‐1,3‐dione (I) with perfluorocarboxylic acids in the presence of CDI or with perfluorocarboxylic anhydrides in the presence of imidazole.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Mono‐α‐arylation of Carbonyl‐Containing Compounds with Aryl Halides Using DalPhos Ligands.
Authors: Crawford Sarah M. , Alsabeh Pamela G. , Stradiotto Mark
Published: March 2013

Aryl methyl ketones, heteroaryl methyl ketones, propiophenones, malonates, and methoxyacetone can be α‐arylated with aryl halides or heteroaryl halides under relatively mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Amidation of Aldehydes with N‐Chloroamines.
Authors: Porcheddu Andrea , De Luca Lidia
Published: March 2013

The presented new amidation method employs tert‐butyl hydroperoxide as oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclometallated Pd(II) Thiosemicarbazone Complexes: New Catalyst Precursors for Suzuki‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Yan Hong , Chellan Prinessa , Li Tingyi , Mao Jincheng , Chibale Kelly , Smith Gregory S.
Published: March 2013

A ferrocene containing thiosemicarbazone complex is described as novel catalyst for the Suzuki‐coupling of aryl bromides and p‐chloronitrobenzene.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Nucleophilic Multifunctional Chiral Phosphane‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Intramolecular Rauhut—Currier Reaction.
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Nan , Shi Min
Published: March 2013

The novel title catalyst enables facile access to corresponding cyclopentene and cyclohexene derivatives under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Route to Benzo[a]fluorenes via a Palladium‐Catalyzed Reaction of 2‐Alkynylbromobenzene with 2‐(2‐Alkynylphenyl)malonate.
Authors: Luo Yong , Pan Xiaolin , Wu Jie
Published: March 2013

An efficient tandem one‐pot procedure with the formation of three C—C bonds for the synthesis of the title compounds is developed from easily available starting materials.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Highly Efficient Synthesis of Tetracenes and Pentacenes.
Authors: Chen Ming , Chen Yifeng , Liu Yuanhong
Published: March 2013

A novel Pd‐catalyzed cascade reaction for the synthesis of linear polyacenes, e.g. (III), (IV)/(V) and (VII), from bis(propargylic carbonates) and organoboronic acids is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly cis‐Selective Synthesis of Iodo‐Aziridines Using Diiodomethyllithium and in situ Generated N‐Boc‐Imines.
Authors: Bull James A. , Boultwood Tom , Taylor Thomas A.
Published: March 2013

The first preparation of iodoaziridines (III) is achieved via a highly diastereoselective cyclization of an amino gem‐diiodide intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladacycle‐Catalyzed Reaction of Bicyclic Alkenes with Terminal Ynones: Regiospecific Synthesis of Polysubstituted Furans.
Authors: Ge Guang‐Cun , Mo Dong‐Liang , Ding Chang‐Hua , Dai Li‐Xin , Hou Xue‐Long
Published: March 2013

No reaction occurs when unbridged compounds are used, e.g. dihydrofuran, cyclopentene and cyclohexenone.
ChemInform Abstract: Attempted Simmons—Smith Reaction on β‐Alkylthio‐α,β‐unsaturated Ketones: A Regiospecific Synthesis of 2,4‐Disubstituted Thiophenes.
Authors: Swaroop Toreshettahally R. , Roopashree Rangaswamy , Ila Hiriyakkanavar , Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal S.
Published: March 2013

Simmons—Smith reaction of β‐methylthioketones of type (I) affords a direct entry to give 2,4‐disubstituted thiophenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of NH‐Pyrroles under Superelectrophilic Conditions by an Aza‐Nazarov Reaction Cascade with Indole as Neutral Leaving Group: Experiment and Theory.
Authors: Narayan Rishikesh , Daniliuc Constantin‐Gabriel , Wuerthwein Ernst‐Ulrich
Published: March 2013

The synthesis of the pyrroles (III) from the easily available cyclization precursors (I) depends on the acidity.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Generation of Two Quaternary Centers in Spirocyclopropanation of Oxindole Derivatives.
Authors: Noole Artur , Sucman Natalia S. , Kabeshov Mikhail A. , Kanger Tonis , Macaev Fliur Z. , Malkov Andrei V.
Published: March 2013

The reactions with 2‐chloroacetoacetate (II), 3‐chloroacetylacetone (IV) and dimethylchloromalonate (VI) proceed with good to excellent dia‐ and high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Cesium Carbonate Mediated Synthesis of 3‐(α‐Hydroxyaryl)indoles.
Authors: Elayaraja Rasokkiyam , Karunakaran R. Joel
Published: March 2013

Efficient conditions are elaborated for the condensation of indoles with aromatic aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Carbazoles from Cyclohexanones and Arylhydrazine Hydrochlorides under Metal‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Xiao Fuhong , Liao Yunfeng , Wu Mingyue , Deng Guo‐Jun
Published: March 2013

The reaction proceeds via a sequence of condensation, cyclization and dehydrogenation under metal‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of 3‐Methyl‐6‐(aryl)‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridine.
Authors: Kalluraya Girisha K. S. Balakrishna , Vidyashree Jois H. S.
Published: March 2013

The title compounds (III) are obtained by in situ Friedlaender reaction of 5‐azido‐3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐carboxaldehyde (I) with various substituted acetophenones (II) in basic media.
ChemInform Abstract: A Cooperative Catalytic System of Platinum/Iridium Alloyed Nanoclusters and a Dimeric Catechol Derivative: An Efficient Synthesis of Quinazolines Through a Sequential Aerobic Oxidative Process.
Authors: Yuan Hao , Yoo Woo‐Jin , Miyamura Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Shu
Published: March 2013

A new polymer‐supported catalyst system consisting of platinum/iridium alloyed nanoclusters and spiro‐bisindane ligand THSI is used for the facile preparation of fused quinazoline derivatives under mild aerobic oxidative conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Positive Inotropic Evaluation of (E)‐2‐(4‐Cinnamylpiperazin‐1‐yl)‐N‐(1‐substituted‐4,5‐dihydro [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]quinolin‐7‐yl)acetamides.
Authors: Wu Yan , Ma Long‐Xu , Niu Tian‐Wei , Meng Fan‐Ling , Cui Xun , Piao Hu‐Ri
Published: March 2013

Most of the compounds (I) show inotropic effects, with compound (Ie) possessing 6‐7fold more potent activity than the reference drug milrinone.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,4‐Diamination of Cyclic Dienes via a [4 + 3] Cycloaddition of Diaza‐Allyl Cationic Intermediates.
Authors: Jeffrey Christopher S. , Anumandla Devendar , Carson Christopher R.
Published: March 2013

This method yields compounds which can serve as useful building blocks for substances with 1,4‐diamino moieties, a common motif in many biologically active molecules.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Functionalization of Methyl Group on Silicon: Iridium‐Catalyzed C(sp3)—H Borylation of Methylchlorosilanes.
Authors: Ohmura Toshimichi , Torigoe Takeru , Suginome Michinori
Published: March 2013

This provides an efficient C—H functionalization of the methyl groups in methylchlorosilanes.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Silacarboxylation of Internal Alkynes by Employing Carbon Dioxide and Silylboranes.
Authors: Fujihara Tetsuaki , Tani Yosuke , Semba Kazuhiko , Terao Jun , Tsuji Yasushi
Published: March 2013

The reaction proceeds regioselectively, the major isomers (IV) are isolated in good to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Aryl‐D‐glucosamines Through Copper‐Catalyzed C—N Coupling.
Authors: Tao Chuanzhou , Liu Feng , Liu Weiwei , Zhu Youmin , Li Yafeng , Liu Xiaolang , Zhao Jing
Published: March 2013

Optimized conditions allow a convenient synthesis of perbenzylated N‐arylglycosylamines in the presence of various functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of Aryl and Alkyl trans‐Glycidic Amides from Pseudoephedrine‐Derived Sulfonium Salt. Chemospecific exo‐tet Ring Closure for Morpholin‐3‐ones.
Authors: Aparicio David M. , Gnecco Dino , Juarez Jorge R. , Orea Maria L. , Mendoza Angel , Waksman Noemi , Salazar Ricardo , Fores‐Alamo Marcos , Teran Joel L.
Published: March 2013

A highly diastereoselective synthesis of trans‐epoxides (III) is achieved from pseudoephedrine tagged sulfonium salts and different aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: New Alkaloids from Lycopodium japonicum
Authors: Li Bo , Zhang Wei‐Dong , He Yi‐Ren , Kong De‐Yun , Shen Yun‐Heng
Published: March 2013

isolation, structure elucidation and cytotoxic activity of new alkaloids (I)—(III)
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Coupling of Enolates, Enol Silanes, and Enamines: Methods and Natural Product Synthesis
Authors: Guo Fenghai , Clift Michael D. , Thomson Regan J.
Published: March 2013

Review: 102 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of β‐Lactams with π Electron‐Withdrawing Substituents.
Authors: Xu Jiaxi
Published: March 2013

Review: 350 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Assisted Mechanochemistry
Authors: Bowmaker Graham A.
Published: March 2013

Review: 62 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Alkenes via Torquoselectivity‐Controlled Olefination of Carbonyl Compounds with Ynolates
Authors: Shindo Mitsuru , Matsumoto Kenji
Published: March 2013

Review: 122 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of 2,3‐Bis(phenylsulfonyl)‐1,3‐butadiene as a Reagent for the Synthesis of Azapolycyclic Ring Systems
Authors: Flick Andrew C. , Padwa Albert
Published: March 2013

Review: 81 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Multiple Multicomponent Reactions with Isocyanides
Authors: Wessjohann Ludger A. , Filho Ricardo A. W. Neves , Rivera Daniel G.
Published: March 2013

Review: 92 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ugi and Passerini Reactions with Carboxylic Acid Surrogates
Authors: El Kaim Laurent , Grimaud Laurence
Published: March 2013

Review: 121 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: An Overview of Metalloporphyrin‐Catalyzed Carbon and Nitrogen Group Transfer Reactions
Authors: Anding Bernie J. , Woo L. Keith
Published: March 2013

Review: 243 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Theoretical and Physical Aspects of Nuclear Shielding
Authors: Jameson Cynthia J. , De Dios Angel C.
Published: March 2013

Review: 109 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Stimuli‐Responsive Photoluminescent Liquid Crystals
Authors: Yamane Shogo , Tanabe Kana , Sagara Yoshimitsu , Kato Takashi
Published: March 2013

Review: 38 refs.