bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of dissolved oxygen regulation on the content of ganoderic acid S and R in mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum in a two-stage culture by oscillatory-stationary culture
Authors: Tang Chenmin , Liu Yanfang , Jiang Xingyi , Tang Chuanhong , Feng Jie , Zhang Jingsong
Published: November 2023

Currently, liquid fermentation is regarded as a feasible method for cultivating thyme as contrast to subentity culture. Nevertheless, the production of ganoderic acid S and R is still rather limited, thus requiring the need for parameter adjustment in the liquid fermentation process. The influence of thype, an oxygen bacterium, on the viability of microorganisms during liquid fermentation is significant. Moreover, liquid ferments can be classified into two distinct categories: oscillating and static. Prior studies have primarily focused on analyzing these two approaches separately, leading to discrepancies in the consistency and concentration of the fluid form and thyme content. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to enhance the soluble parameter and incorporate both vibrating and static cultivation methods to facilitate the liquid erection of the grass. The experimental findings indicate that the manipulation of dissolved oxygen during the oscillation stage can significantly enhance the growth of Ganoderma lucidum biomass. However, its impact on the levels of ganoderic acids S and R is comparatively less pronounced. The manipulation of dissolved oxygen during the resting stage yielded contrasting outcomes, leading to a substantial increase in the levels of ganoderic acids S and R, while exerting a lower impact on biomass. The findings of this study demonstrated that the growth of G. lucidum primarily occurred during the oscillating culture stage, while the accumulation of ganoderic acid S and R was predominantly observed during the stationary culture stage. This approach introduces a novel concept for the liquid fermentation of G. lucidum, while simultaneously offering valuable insights for the industrial-scale production of ganoderic acid.
Wasserschraube (Vallisneria spiralis L.) im Gremminer See – Erstfund für Sachsen-Anhalt
Authors: Van de Weyer Klaus , Krautkrämer Volker , Kormann Birgit , Gohr Friedemann
Published: November 2023

Im Jahr 2012 gelang ein Fund des Neophyten Vallisneria spiralis L. im Tagebausee Gremminer See bei Gräfenhainichen. Hierbei handelt es sich um den Erstfund für Sachsen-Anhalt. Anmerkungen zum Gremminer See und zu Vallisneria spiralis werden gegeben. Eine Einschleppung durch Taucher ist wahrscheinlich.
Wasser- und Sumpfpflanzen-Funde im nördlichen Sachsen-Anhalt
Authors: Täuscher Lothar , Kabus Timm
Published: November 2023

Es werden Funde von seltenen und gefährdeten Wasser- und Sumpfpflanzen in Fließgewässern, Auengewässern, Altwasserflachseen und Sekundärgewässern (Abgrabungsgewässer, Gräben, Teiche) im Norden von Sachsen-Anhalt dokumentiert. Für Armleuchteralgen-Funde haben Abgrabungsgewässer im Untersuchungsgebiet eine besondere Bedeutung. Wasser- und Sumpfpflanzen (13 Rote Liste-Arten) des Lebensraumtyps 3150 „Natürliche eutrophe Seen mit einer Vegetation des Magnopotamions oder Hydrocharitions“ zeigen in mehreren Gewässern eine gute Wasserqualität an.
Aktuelle Nachweise von Nanocyperion-Arten an der Elbe zwischen Dessau Kornhaus und Saalemündung
Authors: Krumbiegel Anselm
Published: November 2023

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Althaea hirsuta L. – Ein Neufund für Sachsen-Anhalt und Angaben zur aktuellen Bestandssituation in Mitteldeutschland
Authors: Meyer Stefan , John Heino
Published: November 2023

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Zur Flora von Bitterfeld und Umgebung (9. Beitrag)
Authors: Wölfel Ulrich
Published: November 2023

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Seekanne Nymphoides peltata (S. G. Gmelin) O. Kuntze in der Schwarzen Elster zwischen Elsterwerda und Jessen (Menyanthaceae, Fieberkleegewächse)
Authors: Brockhaus Thomas
Published: November 2023

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Bemerkenswerte Pflanzenfunde im Landkreis Sangerhausen und in dessen Umgebung. Teil 3
Authors: Hoch Armin
Published: November 2023

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Verwilderungen von Cotoneaster-Arten in der Umgebung von Salzwedel (Altmark)
Authors: Brennenstuhl Günter
Published: November 2023

Im Beobachtungsgebiet sind Verwilderungen von vier Cotoneaster-Arten beobachtet worden. Am häufigsten betrifft dies C. divaricatus Rehder & E. H. Wilson, es folgen C. dielsianus E. Pritz. ex Diels, C. lucidus Schltdl. und C. aff. multiflorus. Die Arten treten vorwiegend als Einzelexemplare, selten in individuenarmen Beständen sowohl in ortsnahen, meist unterholzreichen Mischwäldern als auch in ortsfernen Kiefernforsten auf. Anzeichen für eine invasive Ausbreitung fehlen bisher. Neben der Mitteilung der Fundorte und des Populationsumfangs wird auf die bei der Determination verwendeten Erkennungsmerkmale eingegangen.
Zur Flora des Naturschutzgebietes „Hasenwinkel“ im Landkreis Mansfelder Land
Authors: Köberlein Thomas , Jentzsch Matthias
Published: November 2023

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Fundorte bemerkenswerter Arten aus Sachsen-Anhalt
Authors: Amarell Uwe
Published: November 2023

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Zur Flora von Halle (Saale) und Umgebung
Authors: John Heino , Stolle Jens
Published: November 2023

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Zur Taxonomie und Verbreitung des Rubus glaucovirens MAASS
Authors: Weber Heinrich E.
Published: November 2023

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Wasser- und Sumpfpflanzen-Funde im Elb-Havel-Winkel (Biosphärenreservat „Flußlandschaft Elbe“, Sachsen-Anhalt, Landkreis Stendal)
Authors: Täuscher Lothar
Published: November 2023

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Zur Verbreitung und Invasivität von Bunias orientalis L. im Altmarkkreis Salzwedel
Authors: Brennenstuhl Günter
Published: November 2023

Im Beitrag wird neben allgemeinen Angaben zu Bunias orientalis über ein seit 30 Jahren beständiges und in Ausbreitung befindliches Vorkommen entlang einer Landstraße im Norden von Sachsen- Anhalt berichtet. Während des Beobachtungszeitraums hat sich die isolierte und vom mitteldeutschen Verbreitungszentrum weit nach Norden vorgeschobene Population beträchtlich ausgedehnt. Obwohl der Neophyt auch hier invasiv unter Bildung von Dominanzbeständen auftritt, wird sein Einfluss auf die Bestandsentwicklung der vorwiegend ubiquitären Begleitarten vor Ort und darüber hinaus als unbedeutend eingeschätzt.
Verzeichnis von Arbeiten mit floristischen Verbreitungskarten aus dem Bereich der Mitteldeutschlandkartierung und der darüber hinausreichenden Gebiete Sachsens und Sachsen-Anhalts (10) 1990 - 1996 und Ergänzungen
Authors: Hilbig Werner
Published: November 2023

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Luzula divulgata KIRSCHNER, eine wenig bekannte Art aus dem Luzula campestris - multiflora - Komplex (Mit Erläuterungen zum Arten-Komplex und Bestimmungshilfe für Sachsen-Anhalt)
Authors: Dreyer Sven
Published: November 2023

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Nachweise zur Flora Sachsen-Anhalts
Authors: Herdam Hagen
Published: November 2023

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Bemerkenswerte Pflanzenvorkommen im Ohrekreis
Authors: Kison Hans-Ulrich
Published: November 2023

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Bibliographie botanischer Literatur über Sachsen-Anhalt 2022 und Nachträge
Authors: Krumbiegel Anselm
Published: November 2023

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Bibliographie botanischer Literatur über Sachsen-Anhalt 2021 und Nachträge
Authors: Krumbiegel Anselm
Published: November 2023

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Bibliographie botanischer Literatur über Sachsen-Anhalt 2014/2015
Authors: Krumbiegel Anselm
Published: November 2023

Die Bibliographie zur botanischen Literatur über Sachsen-Anhalt wird mit Nachträgen und den bisher zugänglichen Publikationen und Abschlussarbeiten von 2015 fortgesetzt.
Bibliographie botanischer Literatur über Sachsen-Anhalt 2011/2012
Authors: Krumbiegel Anselm
Published: November 2023

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Bibliographie botanischer Literatur über Sachsen-Anhalt 2008/2009
Authors: Krumbiegel Anselm
Published: November 2023

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Mentoring Seafarers for Understanding Maritime Risks and Safety Culture on Board
Authors:   Mircea cel Batran Naval Academy, NICOLAE F
Published: November 2023

For seafaring personnel, who are at the beginning of their maritime career on board ships, maritime companies provide informal guidance, which is part of the maritime tradition, within practical training courses/cadetship courses. Starting from the existing realities in the structure of seafaring personnel in the merchant marine, this paper presents the particularities of mentoring for a career in the maritime field. Among the aspects identified and highlighted in the mentoring process, the research focuses on the process of understanding maritime risks and the importance of safety culture on board ships, both by cadets and junior officers, who are at the beginning of their careers at sea. The investigation is based on a survey conducted on a significant number of subjects between 2018-2023. The developed research methodology was used to underlie the items in the questionnaires, on the basis of which the survey was carried out. The questionnaires were established by the data triangulation method and by consulting maritime stakeholders. Considering both the common aspects, specific to life at sea, but also the particular elements, which relate to the responsibilities on board the ship, the proposals received from all departments on board the ship were centralized. The questionnaires were developed based on the contributions received from: representatives of companies in the maritime industry, seafaring personnel at managerial and operational level (from the deck, engine and electrical departments), responsible in the field of risk and safety in the maritime industry, cadets and junior officers, at the beginning of their career at sea. The results of the survey were centralized, analyzed and interpreted to establish the level of understanding and perception of maritime risk and safety issues. The resulting conclusions can be used by the interested factors for the development and consolidation of appropriate, adapted and customized projects in the field of maritime safety and risk management on board ships, dedicated to cadets/ junior officers.
Aspects of gamification in the ESP program for maritime students
Authors:   Mircea cel Batran Naval Academy, BOERU M
Published: November 2023

This paper explores the possibilities offered by the integration of various gamified learning tasks in the teaching of maritime English at “Mircea cel Bătrân” Naval Academy, with a focus on the enhancement of the acquisition of specialized vocabulary. The study will discuss the impact of online interactive activities in a game-like format on student motivation, as well as on the speed and quality of the subsequent linguistic intake. Classroom observations have shown that gamified learning activities and strategies have enriched the learning process by prompting a higher level of engagement with the learning content, by fostering participation, developing transferable digital skills, encouraging student autonomy and ultimately leading to learner empowerment. The paper will also provide some practical demonstrations of such gamified language learning activities with the aim of sharing best practices and encouraging the use of ICT means in the teaching and learning process.
Multilingual Crews and on Board Communication Creating Cross - Cultural Connections
Authors:   Mircea cel Batran Naval Academy, ALIBEC C
Published: November 2023

Communication is the most important tool for social interaction and also for safety at work on board ship. Cross-cultural communication refers to the many ways the different peoples of the world communicate with each other verbally and non-verbally. Multinational crews are very common for the vessels nowadays. Indeed, the verbal communication is made in English, but the levels of speaking skill in English differ substantially from one crewmember to another. They sometimes strive to formulate ideas, to exchange information and knowledge between individuals, and between crew and management ashore. Having this setback it is outstanding how people from different cultural backgrounds having different mother languages can overcome cultural barriers well enough to be able to even use humour on board.
Localization control born of intertwined quasiperiodicity and non-Hermiticity
Authors: Jeon Junmo , Lee SungBin
Published: November 2023

Quasiperiodic systems are neither randomly disordered nor translationally invariant in the absence of periodic length scales. Based on their incommensurate order, novel physical properties such as critical states and self-similar wavefunctions have been actively discussed. However, in open systems generally described by the non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, it is hardly known how such quasiperiodic order would lead to new phenomena. In this work, we show that the intertwined quasiperiodicity and non-Hermiticity can give rise to striking effects: perfect delocalization of the critical and localized states to the extended states. In particular, we explore the wave function localization character in the Aubry-André-Fibonacci (AAF) model where non-reciprocal hopping phases are present. Here, the AAF model continuously interpolates the two different limits between metal to insulator transition and the critical states, and the non-Hermiticity is encoded in the hopping phase factors. Surprisingly, their interplay results in the perfect delocalization of the states, which is never allowed in quasiperiodic systems with Hermiticity. By quantifying the localization via the inverse participation ratio and the fractal dimension, we discuss that the non-Hermitian hopping phase leads to delicate control of localization characteristics of the wave function. Our work offers (1) emergent delocalization transition in quasiperiodic systems via non-Hermitian hopping phase and (2) detailed localization control of the critical states. In addition, we suggest an experimental realization of controllable localized, critical and delocalized states, using photonic crystals.
WISDOM TOWARDS REMINERALIZATION, A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors:   MDS -Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India., Abhishek Singh Ramya , Gupta Nidhi ,   Professor and Head of the DepartmentDepartment of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India., Gambhir Natasha ,   Professor, Department of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India., Singh Rashi ,   Reader, Department of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India., Singh Divya ,   Senior Lecturer, Department of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: November 2023

Aim/ Objective:The article aims to explore the remineralizing agents used in dentistry, in concern to decrease the occurrence of dental caries. Background: Human enamel and dentin destruction are subjected to various factors within the oral cavity. Once formed human enamel is biologically irreparable but it is remineralized by saliva. Saliva serves as a provider of Fluoride, Calcium, and Phosphate ions whichis responsible for remineralisation. This review aims to traverse the role of enamel and dentine in demineralization, role ofFluoride, Non-fluoride and Herbalremineralizing agents- their mechanism of action, advantages and disadvantages. Clinical Significance:This review will replenish the interest of the readers in the prompt use of preventive technique thus facilitates in the reduction of dental caries.
STABLE ISOTOPES AND MERCURY AS TOOLS TO DEPICT AQUATIC FOOD WEBS
Authors: Fragoso Cynara , Gatts Pedro , Di Beneditto Ana Paula , Martinelli Luiz Antonio , de Lacerda Luiz , de Rezende Carlos Eduardo
Published: November 2023

The structure of food webs is a fundamental attribute of ecosystems, and their characterization provides an intrinsic knowledge of the trophic interactions among organisms and of nutrient and energy transfer within ecosystems. Over the last few decades, several chemical and biogeochemical approaches have been proposed to explore different aspects of food webs. In this sense, this study reviews the application of stable isotopes and mercury as main auxiliary tools to the characterization and modeling of aquatic food webs, including analytical and modeling advances, strengths and limitations. The metanalysis performed showed that the most used tools for trophic ecology studies are stable isotopes, and that they can provide better results when combined with mercury and specific chemical molecules such as amino and fatty acids. In addition, the statistical methods applied in the interpretation of results, such as isotope mixing models, have witnessed significant advances in the last two decades. All approaches have premises and limitations when applied to aquatic ecosystems, which must be well understood prior to results interpretation. The use of multiple tracers in trophic studies provides complementary information and in many cases is an appropriate alternative to overcome some limitations, allowing to expand the knowledge of the food webs.
Factores que afectan la práctica de lactancia materna exclusiva en un Centro de Referencia: Una comparación entre casos y controles
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Gloria Carolina , D’Amato-Gutiérrez Monica , Neira Trujillo Lucy , Morales Rosa , Barrientos Laura , Vera Marín Cristian
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: Identificar las causas por las cuales las mujeres abandonan la lactancia materna exclusiva antes de que sus bebés alcancen los seis meses de edad, e identificar los factores asociados con la interrupción de la lactancia. Metodología: Estudio observacional con un análisis de casos y controles, en la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana, en Medellín, entre octubre de 2018 y febrero de 2020. Se incluyeron binomios madre – hijo, de lactantes entre los 0 y 6 meses, se dividieron en dos grupos adherentes (controles) madres que alimentaban a sus hijos con leche materna de forma exclusiva y no adherente (casos) madres que alimentaban a sus hijos con formula exclusivamente o de forma “mixta” es decir con leche materna y formula. Se aplicaron métodos descriptivos y analíticos para el análisis de la información. Resultados: Se incluyeron 270 mujeres, el 32,5% (88/270) del grupo no adherente y el 67,4% (182/270) del grupo adherente. Los principales factores relacionados con la falta de adherencia a LM fueron haber tenido algún motivo para suspender la lactancia materna como dificultades con la técnica de posición y agarre, sensación de baja producción, y que el bebé naciera con bajo peso o hubiera tenido bajo peso en algún momento durante sus primeros seis meses, con OR 32,186 (IC95% 13,352-77,591) y el no haber recibido educación prenatal adecuada sobre lactancia materna con OR 2,169 (IC95%:1,0161-4,435). Conclusión: El apoyo y la educación materna tanto en el control prenatal como en el periodo postparto por personal entrenado, favorecen la adherencia a la lactancia materna exclusiva. Los demás factores analizados, como enfermedades de madre o hijo, sensación de baja producción de leche, trabajo materno, entre otros, no mostraron diferencia significativa para definir como factor de riesgo para no dar lactancia materna exclusiva.
Condiciones de acceso a medicamentos oncológicos de manejo ambulatorio en pacientes con cáncer de mama, afiliadas a una administradora de planes de beneficio en Cali, Colombia
Authors: Tobar Blandón Maria Fernanda , Chicaiza Ángela
Published: November 2023

Antecedentes: El cáncer de mama ha sido la primera causa de muerte por cáncer en mujeres, presentó una tasa de incidencia de 63.9 casos por 100.000 mujeres mayores de 15 años y ocupó el primer lugar entre los tumores malignos más frecuentes en la población total de Colombia y a nivel local. El tratamiento óptimo de la enfermedad está dirigido a lograr el control in situ y evitar la metástasis, no obstante, hay un incremento del reporte de quejas por barreras de accesibilidad a los servicios de salud; pese a la garantía del derecho a la salud definido en el marco legal constitucional. Objetivo: Determinar las condiciones de acceso a los medicamentos oncológicos ambulatorios en las pacientes con cáncer de mama afiliadas a una empresa administradora de planes de beneficios de la regional Cali, en el año 2019. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, diseño observacional descriptivo, de corte transversal, en mujeres afiliadas a la EAPB en donde se valoraron variables sociodemográficas y variables relacionadas con acceso efectivo a medicamentos como parte de la atención. Resultados: El 87 % de las pacientes edades entre los 51 y 80 años, 97 % pertenecieron al régimen contributivo, 94 % residió en el municipio de Cali, 30 % se encontraba en estadio clínico I  al momento de la atención; el medicamento oncológico con mayor prescripción fue el tamoxifeno y el 90 % de las pacientes no tenía conocimiento del proceso para su autorización. Discusión: Las mujeres con cáncer de mama, con escolaridad superior a la secundaria y de Estratos socioeconómicos altos, tiene mayor oportunidad de acceder a los medicamentos ambulatorios para su tratamiento, porque conocen los procesos administrativos y cuentan con los recursos para realizar los trámites de autorizaciones ante la EAPB, se destaca que la percepción del grupo de pacientes del estudio respecto de la atención recibida por la EAPB es favorable.
Anemia in Colombian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Santamaría Alza Yeison , Sánchez-Bautista Julian , Alarcón-Gómez Zully Marcela , Coy-Quiroga Amalia
Published: November 2023

Introduction: systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with multi-organ involvement. Anemia is common in SLE, presenting up to 50% of patients and is associated with activity of the disease. The objective of the study was to discriminate the different causes of anemia in patients with SLE and the associated variables with its presentation in a cohort of patients in Bucaramanga, Colombia. Methods: a cross-sectional study of 114 patients that met the classification criteria of SLE determined by the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) criteria. Descriptive analysis was performed. Quantitative variables were used: means and standard deviations (SDs) were used for those with normal distribution, and median and interquartile ranges were used for those who did not. Bivariate analysis using logistic regression with OR measurement, p-value, and confidence intervals was performed. Results: the most frequent cause of anemia was anemia of chronic disease/inflammation (60.53 %), followed by iron deficiency anemia (28.95%), autoimmune hemolytic anemia (24.56%) and megaloblastic anemia (2.53%). An association with a significant difference was found between anemia of chronic disease/inflammation and the presence of pericardial disease (OR 2.11, p=0.045). Iron deficiency anemia showed association with increase in the mortality rate (OR 2.66, p= 0.04), while the use of cyclophosphamide and azathioprine showed a decrease in the probability of presenting iron deficiency anemia (OR 0.14, p=0.045; OR 0.32, p= 0.048, respectively). Regarding the subjects with hemolytic anemia, a decrease was found a decrease in the probability of having it in the patients using azathioprine (OR 0.25, p=0.042). Conclusion: this is the first Colombian study that evaluates anemia in patients with SLE. The most frequent anemia was anemia of chronic disease/inflammation. The prevalence of megaloblastic anemia in patients with SLE was determined for the first time.  Likewise, the increase in the probability of mortality in patients with iron deficiency anemia was reported, which should be considered in clinical practice.
Enfermedad tromboembólica venosa en gestantes y puérperas en una institución de alta complejidad 2013 – 2019
Authors: Duque Restrepo Maria Camila , Rodas Cardona Sara Alejandra , Giraldo Zapata Daniel , Merino Correa Sara Catalina , Torres Trujillo Luz Estella
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: Describir las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y desenlaces intrahospitalarios de gestantes y puérperas con diagnóstico de Enfermedad Tromboembólica Venosa en una institución de alta complejidad. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, de base poblacional, que incluyó 52 pacientes con diagnóstico de Enfermedad Tromboembólica Venosa, seleccionadas entre 180 historias clínicas de gestantes y puérperas atendidas en una institución de alta complejidad en Medellín Colombia durante 2013- 2019. Resultados: Un 20,9% de las gestantes evaluadas tenían antecedente personal de ETV y un 17,3% obesidadEl diagnóstico fue predominantemente en el posparto inmediato, mediante doppler venoso un 60,9% y angioTAC 11,6% principalmente. El dolor de extremidades 67,4%, el edema asimétrico 44,2% y el eritema 25,6% fueron los signos y síntomas más frecuentes. Las complicaciones al alta fueron poco frecuentes. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico de ETV fue realizado principalmente en posparto inmediato. La mayoría de las pacientes con diagnóstico de ETV no presentó complicaciones en dicho período. Su seguimiento en el mediano y largo plazo sería una estrategia a implementar en el ámbito institucional.
A case study of an extreme flooding episode in Charikar, Eastern Afghanistan
Authors: Fazel-Rastgar Farahnaz , Sivakumar Venkataraman
Published: November 2023

This work investigates the meteorological mechanisms forming a classical frontal system on 26 August 2020 in the northeast and eastern parts of Afghanistan. The weather system caused heavy rainfall and led to severe flash floods. Flooding, affected by torrential rain showers, struck mostly the city of Charikar in Parvan province early in the morning day, while most people were asleep. This caused 150 deaths, and nearly 500 houses were destroyed. This research explores atmospheric processes by examining the National Centers for Environmental Prediction dataset and MERRA Model database. The calculation of the convective available potential energy (CAPE) and Showalter index extracted from the Skew-T log-pressure diagram shows a high value of the CAPE at around 2,632 J/kg and −6.6 for the Showalter index, respectively. This presents a very extreme instability in the study area during the time of the flood. The study reveals that the triggering of this system was mostly by thermodynamical aspects, low-level deep convergence, and local topographical aspects rather than the PV streamer. However, the anomaly climate analysis for different atmospheric elements with a comparison of the climate normal values shows the importance of climate change in the weather system into a stronger frontal activity associated with stronger baroclinicity over the study area.
Intraoperative Ascites and Pulmonary Edema during Hysteroscopic
Myomectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Mohsen Khaled M. , Venkatayogi Harshavardhan
Published: November 2023

Background::

Operative hysteroscopy is a surgical technique for various procedures of the uterus, for example, hysteroscopic myomectomy[1]. This has been an
effective alternative [2] to conventional hysterectomy and has produced better surgical outcomes in terms of faster recovery, less post-operative
pain and better patient satisfaction.

Case Presentation::

A 49-year-old female was presented to the PAC clinic for hysteroscopic myomectomy for her dysfunctional uterine bleeding. There was no
medical history of any previous medical or surgical problems. Her physical examination and routine labs did not reveal any abnormalities. She was
labeled an ASA class 1 patient. Hysteroscopic myomectomy under spinal anesthesia was approved by the patient. On the day of the surgery, the
patient was presented to the preoperative patient holding and was calm and comfortable. Vital parameters recorded were under normal limits. 20 G
intravenous cannula was taken on her left dorsum of the wrist, and she was wheeled to the operating room. She was connected to ASA standard
monitors, and her blood pressure, pulse rate, and spo2 were recorded. Spinal anesthesia was performed in a sitting position with a 27 G pencil point
needle in a single attempt, and the procedure was regular. The level of anesthesia was ascertained to be till T6, and the patient was handed over to
the surgical team. Surgery was started in a low lithotomy position. 65 minutes into the surgery, the patient started to complain of intra-abdominal
pain, difficulty breathing, and started being restless. Blood pressure was 133/83mmhg, and SpO2 dropped from 98% to 86%. Her pulse rate was
112 beats per minute.

Conclusion::

The patient’s abdomen was examined by moving the operative drapes, and gross abdominal distention was noted. Lung auscultation revealed
crepitations on the basal lobes. Immediately, distention syndrome was suspected.
Guest-host Relationship of Cyclodextrin and its Pharmacological Benefits
Authors: Alshati Fatmah , Alahmed Teejan Ameer Abed , Sami Farheen , Ali Md. Sajid , Majeed Shahnaz , Murtuja Sheikh , Hasnain M Saquib , Ansari Mohammed Tahir
Published: November 2023

Many methods, including solid dispersion, micellization, and inclusion complexes, have been employed
to increase the solubility of potent drugs. Beta-cyclodextrin (βCD) is a cyclic oligosaccharide consisting
of seven glucopyranoside molecules, and is a widely used polymer for formulating soluble inclusion complexes
of hydrophobic drugs. The enzymatic activity of Glycosyltransferase or α-amylase converts starch or
its derivatives into a mixture of cyclodextrins. The βCD units are characterized by α-(1-4) glucopyranose
bonds. Cyclodextrins possess certain properties that make them very distinctive because of their toroidal or
truncated cage-like supramolecular configurations with multiple hydroxyl groups at each end. This allowed
them to encapsulate hydrophobic compounds by forming inclusion complexes without losing their solubility
in water. Chemical modifications and newer derivatives, such as methylated βCD, more soluble hydroxyl propyl
methyl βCD, and sodium salts of sulfobutylether-βCD, known as dexolve® or captisol®, have envisaged
the use of CDs in various pharmaceutical, medical, and cosmetic industries. The successful inclusion of drug
complexes has demonstrated improved solubility, bioavailability, drug resistance reduction, targeting, and
penetration across skin and brain tissues. This review encompasses the current applications of β-CDs in improving
the disease outcomes of antimicrobials and antifungals as well as anticancer and anti-tubercular
drugs.
Prediction of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Phosphorylation Sites and Associations of these Modifications with Lung Cancer Development
Authors: Li Wei , Li Gen , Sun Yuzhi , Zhang Liyuan , Cui Xinran , Jia Yuran , Zhao Tianyi
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 viruses, multiple mutant strains have been identified. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus leads to alterations in host cell phosphorylation signal, which systematically modulates the immune response.

Methods:

Identification and analysis of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection phosphorylation sites enable insight into the mechanisms of viral infection and effects on host cells, providing important fundamental data for the study and development of potent drugs for the treatment of immune inflammatory diseases. In this paper, we have analyzed the SARS-CoV-2 virus-infected phosphorylation region and developed a transformer-based deep learning-assisted identification method for the specific identification of phosphorylation sites in SARS-CoV-2 virus-infected host cells.

Results:

Furthermore, through association analysis with lung cancer, we found that SARS-CoV-2 infection may affect the regulatory role of the immune system, leading to an abnormal increase or decrease in the immune inflammatory response, which may be associated with the development and progression of cancer.

Conclusion:

We anticipate that this study will provide an important reference for SARS-CoV-2 virus evolution as well as immune-related studies and provide a reliable complementary screening tool for anti-SARS-CoV-2 virus drug and vaccine design.
A Critical Review on Therapeutic Potential of Benzimidazole Derivatives:
A Privileged Scaffold
Authors: Natarajan Ramalakshmi , Kumar Padma , Subramani Arunkumar , Siraperuman Amuthalakshmi , Angamuthu Prabakaran , Bhandare Richie R. , Shaik Afzal B.
Published: November 2023

Benzimidazole nucleus is a predominant heterocycle displaying a wide spectrum of
pharmacological activities. The privileged nature of the benzimidazole scaffold has been revealed
by its presence in most small molecule drugs and in its ability to bind multiple receptors with high
affinity. A literature review of the scaffold reveals several instances where structural modifications
of the benzimidazole core have resulted in high-affinity lead compounds against a variety of biological
targets. Hence, this structural moiety offers opportunities to discover novel, better, safe and
highly potent biological agents. The goal of the present review is to compile the medicinal properties
of benzimidazole derivatives with a focus on SAR (Structure-Activity Relationships)
Synthesis and Structural Activity Relationship Study of Ursolic Acid
Derivatives as Antitubercular Agent
Authors: Vishwakarma Sadhna , Srivastava Santosh K. , Khare Naveen K. , Chaubey Shiwa , Chaturvedi Vinita , Trivedi Priyanka , Khan Sana , Khan Feroz
Published: November 2023

Objective:

The chemical transformation of ursolic acid (UA) into novel C-3 aryl ester
derivatives and in vitro and silico assessment of their antitubercular potential.

Background:

UA is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid with many pharmacological properties. Semisynthetic
UA analogs have demonstrated enhanced anticancer, antimalarial, and antifilarial properties
in our previous studies.

Methods:

The C-30 carboxylic group of previously isolated UA was protected, and various C-3
aryl ester derivatives were semi-synthesized. The agar dilution method was used to evaluate the in
vitro antitubercular efficacy of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) H37Ra. In silico docking studies
of the active derivative were carried out against Mtb targets, catalase peroxidase (PDB: 1SJ2), dihydrofolate
reductase (PDB: 4M2X), enoyl-ACP reductase (PDB: 4TRO), and cytochrome bc1
oxidase (PDB: 7E1V).

Results:

The derivative 3-O-(2-amino,3-methyl benzoic acid)-ethyl ursolate (UA-1H) was the most
active among the eight derivatives (MIC1 2.5 μg/mL) against Mtb H37Ra. Also, UA-1H demonstrated
significant binding affinity in the range of 10.8–11.4 kcal/mol against the antiTb target proteins,
which was far better than the positive control Isoniazid, Ethambutol, and co-crystallized ligand
(HEM). Moreover, the predicted hit UA-1H showed no inhibition of Cytochrome P450 2D6
(CYP2D6), suggesting its potential for favorable metabolism in Phase I clinical studies.

Conclusion:

The ursolic acid derivative UA-1H possesses significant in vitro antitubercular potential
with favorable in silico pharmacokinetics. Hence, further in vivo assessments are suggested for
UA-1H for its possible development into a secure and efficient antitubercular drug.
Comprehensive Review on Analytical and Bioanalytical Methods for Quantification of Anti-angiogenic Agents used in Treatment of Cervical
Cancer
Authors: Nisha Parikh , Srushti Parmar , Bhavarth Dave , Kaif Mohammad , Palak Parikh
Published: November 2023

Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer occurring across the world
and it has been observed that about 99.7% of cervical cancer cases occur due to infections with the
Human papillomavirus (HPV). Over prolonged durations, cervical cancer can lead to complications
such as vaginal bleeding, itching, and in more severe instances, even the fatality of the individual.
Cervical cancer is an essential cause of death at an early age as it affects young women higher than
other populations. The most frequent drugs used in its treatment include antiangiogenic drugs. This
review summarizes analytical techniques used for the quantification of anti-angiogenic agents-
Bevacizumab, Sunitinib, Pazopanib, Brivanib, and Imatinib. Furthermore, an in-depth description of
numerous techniques including NIR (1), HPLC (10), LC-MS (28), and HPTLC (1) approaches used
to determine and quantify these agents have been provided in this review. Based on the matrix utilized,
the following details were discussed: analytical conditions, detection limits, and solvent used
in sample preparation. Our review holds significant importance within the scientific community,
offering valuable insights into commonly employed measurement techniques and the latest advancements
in these approaches.
A Review of Drug Abuse, Misuse, and Related Laboratory Challenges
Authors: Ranjkeshzadeh Haniye , Sepahi Samaneh , Zare-Zardini Hadi , Taghavizadeh Yazdi Mohammad Ehsan , Ghorani-Azam Adel , Jafari Abbas
Published: November 2023

Various definitions can be considered for drugs and substance abuse. According to
the National Institute on Abuse, the use of an over-the-counter drug in a different way than that
prescribed to experience or arouse emotion is a simple form of drug abuse. The World Health
Organization (WHO) also defines drug abuse as the persistent or sporadic use of drugs that are
incompatible or unrelated to acceptable medical practice. With the increasing non-therapeutic
use of prescription drugs, serious related consequences have also increased. Therefore, there is a
need to know more precisely about the types of substances and drug abuse, which is the most
important part of diagnosis and recognizing the tests that cause false positive and negative results.
The purpose of this review article is to collect and summarize the most important and more
common types of drugs of abuse and review the drugs that cause false results in screening tests.
In addition, the most common detection methods of the drug will be reviewed and the advantages and drawbacks of each method will be discussed. In this article, we aimed to point out
all the facts about the emerging problems in drug abuse, the methods of screening, and the possible false results in addition to troubleshooting strategies.
Coumarin-derived Hydroxamic Acids as Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors: A Review of
Anti-cancer Activities
Authors: Khai Nguyen Quang , Vu Tran Khac
Published: November 2023

Since coumarin and hydroxamic acid compounds are well-known in medicinal chemistry, a variety
of their derivatives have been highlighted due to their potential uses for plentiful treatments. Different compounds
of their derivatives acting through diverse activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-cancer, anti-inflammation,
and histone deacetylase inhibition, have been comprehensively investigated by many researchers over the
years. This present review provides the latest literature and knowledge on hydroxamic acids derived from coumarin.
Overall, some recent advancements in biological activities of hybrid derivatives of hydroxamic acids
containing coumarin moieties in medicinal chemistry are discussed.
Role of Enhancing Aerobic Capacity in Countering COVID-19-induced
Liver Injury in Elderlies
Authors: Mohamed Ayman A. , Abdallah Ahmed A. , Jan Yih-Kuen
Published: November 2023

COVID-19 is still a world disaster; however, its vaccination is globally available.
Liver and gastrointestinal disturbances occur in patients infected with COVID-19 at varying
incidences. Aging decreases the functions of the liver. Thus, the elderly have a weaker response
to the COVID-19 virus. The COVID-19 virus affects the liver directly through direct and indirect
mechanisms. It directly affects the renin-angiotensin system or indirectly causes sepsis, uncontrolled
immune reactions, drug-related hepatic injury, and cytokine storm. Also, COVID-19
vaccines and anti-drugs have adverse effects on the liver too. Thus, this review explores the effect
of enhancing aerobic capacity as a nonpharmacological intervention on decreasing COVID-
19-induced liver injury. Enhancing aerobic capacity decreases COVID-19-induced liver injury
through the following: 1) downregulating systemic and tissue ACE/ANG II/AT1R axis, upregulating
ACE2/ANG 1–7/Mas axis, and moving the renin-angiotensin system to the direction of
the ACE2/ANG (1–7)/Mas axis, 2) Improving mitochondrial function and oxygenation to body
and lung tissues, causing a decrease in harmful oxidative reactions, 3) Increasing the processing
of accumulated free radicals and inhibiting the acute respiratory distress syndrome, 4) Acting as
an antioxidant to protect the liver from oxidative stress, 5) Increasing the effect of antiviral
drugs and COVID-19 vaccines, which improves the function of immune biomarkers, decreases
the viral load, and increases the body's defense against the virus, 6) Decreasing coagulation abnormalities
and thrombosis. In conclusion, enhancing aerobic capacity may be an efficient nonpharmacological
intervention to decrease COVID-19-induced liver injury in elderlies and regenerate
the liver to its normal status after being infected by the COVID-19 virus. It also helps
to strengthen the body's immunity for better effects of both COVID-19 vaccination and drugs.
ADME, Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Activity of 1,2,4-Triazol-3-thiol
Linked Phenylacetamide Derivatives
Authors: Chitre Trupti , Jadhav Shivani , Asgaonkar Kalyani , Pradhan Kunal , Shelke Kalash , Thorat Shubhangi , Bhatambrekar Aniket
Published: November 2023

Background::

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is one of the most contagious and fatal human pathogens which necessitates the
development of modified existing drugs or derivatives with action against novel targets.

Aims and Objectives::

In the present work, we have explored a few, 2-(5-(substituted)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-2-ylthio)-N-(substituted) phenyl acetamide (5A-5E) derivatives
as anti-TB.

Materials and Methods::

On the basis of SAR were synthesized and screened against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv using MABA assay. Their ADME properties were
also checked.

Results::

ADME analysis showed results comparable with standard drug (rifampicin). Derivative 5D turned out to be the most active amongst all the
derivatives with MIC of 0.8μg/ml, comparable to standard drugs like rifampicin(0.8μg/ml) and streptomycin(0.8μg/ml).

Conclusion::

All five compounds have shown excellent inhibitory activity (1.6μg/ml) against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain. Compound 5D
shows a promising activity (0.8μg/ml) as compared to standard drugs and also it has shown the highest docking score. Literature search has
revealed the presence of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives linked to aromatic link and possessing amide linkage and the presence of Sulphur atom in the
most active derivatives, which supports our designed compounds. Based on these findings, further derivatives would be synthesized and explored
for their role in tuberculosis.
NLRP3 Inflammasome: Key Role in the Pathophysiology of Cardiac Disorders
and its Potential as a Therapeutic Target
Authors: Arora Navneet , Kumar Ranjeet
Published: November 2023

The NLRP3 inflammasome holds a pivotal position in the pathophysiological landscape of cardiac disorders, presenting itself as a promising
therapeutic target. Central to this role are the proinflammatory cytokines Interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-18, which emerge as major players orchestrated
by the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. This activation culminates in pyroptosis, a programmed form of cell death. While controlled
activation of NLRP3 supports tissue repair, its excessive activation yields adverse consequences. Within the spectrum of cardiovascular diseases,
ranging from abdominal aortic aneurysm to calcific aortic valve disease, the NLRP3 inflammasome is notably implicated. Atherosclerosis,
myocardial infarction, diabetic cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and dilated cardiomyopathy collectively contribute to the genesis of inflammatory
conditions. Key to this process is the nucleotide oligomerization domain-containing leucine-rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammation,
necessitating both priming and activation signals to orchestrate inflammation. Extensive scientific evidence substantiates the critical role of the
NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiac disorders. Experimental models and clinical studies converge, highlighting its contribution to the intricate web of
inflammatory pathways that underlie cardiac pathologies. This deeper understanding has spurred interest in targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome as
a therapeutic avenue. Efforts to modulate the NLRP3 inflammasome are underway, aiming to temper its hyperactivity without disrupting its
beneficial functions. Strategies involve small molecule inhibitors and biological agents, targeting various points along the signaling cascade. By
selectively intervening in the NLRP3 pathway, researchers aspire to mitigate inflammatory responses, potentially ameliorating the progression of
cardiac disorders. In conclusion, the NLRP3 inflammasome is a central orchestrator in the pathophysiology of diverse cardiac disorders. Its dual
nature, capable of both driving repair and provoking harm, accentuates its significance as a therapeutic target. Scientific endeavors are actively
unraveling its complexities, fostering the development of innovative interventions that could potentially revolutionize the management of cardiac
inflammatory conditions.
Early Prediction of the Chemical Stability of Drug Substances and Drug
Products during the Development Phase
Authors: Tol Trupti , Mhamunkar Swapnil , Tawde Harshad , Samanta Gautam
Published: November 2023

Background::

Traditional approach to shelf-life prediction claims a substantial amount of product development time, leading to significant delays.

Objective::

The capability of the unconventional Accelerated Stability Assessment Program (ASAP) to decode chemical stability and expedite shelf-life
prediction is discussed in the manuscript.

Methods::

As per the ASAP approach, shelf-life limiting attributes for two APIs’ and a formulation were identified based on the isoconversion ratio.
Isoconversion times at varying accelerated conditions were obtained and the degradation kinetics were modeled using the humidity-modified
Arrhenius equation. R2 and Q2 values were derived to assure model predictability. Temperature and humidity sensitivity of the attributes were
determined from the activation energy; Ea, and humidity sensitivity factor, B, respectively. Degradation plots demonstrated the dynamics of
degradation with time. The predicted values were verified by the available real-time data.

Results::

The degradation rate was modeled for impurities that exhibited conversion substantiated by an isoconversion ratio between 0.25-2.0. The Ea and B
data provided valuable details regarding the sensitivity of the products. Predicted shelf-life of less than a year for the finished product instigated
redevelopment. In the case of the APIs’, the existing storage conditions were found unsuitable for shelf-life stability, and alternate conducive
conditions were identified.

Conclusion::

The study provided cognizance regarding the distinct degradation pattern of an API and its formulation and the contradictory storage requirement
for APIs’ of two different molecules. While the traditional approach claims 3-6 months to predict shelf-life, the ASAP approach provides the same
with enhanced accuracy in just 3-4 weeks.