bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrating probabilistic graphical models, information theory, and the principle of increase of entropy for quantifying and analyzing the uncertainty in fault interpretation
Authors: Lei Zhicheng
Published: October 2023

Fault interpretation in geology inherently involves uncertainty, and there is a growing need to develop methods to quantify and analyze this uncertainty. In this paper, we propose a novel framework that integrates Markov chains, graph theory, information theory, and the principle of increase of entropy to comprehensively analyze uncertainty in fault interpretation and its geological implications. Our framework provides a more complete and quantitative approach compared to traditional methods, we show how entropy can quantify the uncertainty in fault interpretation and kinematic analysis results, be interpreted for faulting analysis, and analyze fault network evolution using the principle of increase of entropy. Our findings suggest that entropy can be used as a metric to compare different fault networks, and it provides a measure of the total available evolutionary paths for a fault network, enabling quantification of uncertainty in fault kinematic analysis results. The integration of these tools provides a powerful approach for quantifying and analyzing the uncertainty in fault interpretation, which can enhance our understanding of the geological implications of uncertainty and enable geologists to analyze fault networks in a more quantitative manner.
Psychological Experience of On-the-Job Nursing Graduate Students in a Province of Eastern China in the Context of Popular Education: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Shen Yuanyuan , Song Ziling , Yao Xin , Fei Weiwei , Huang Xiaoqiong
Published: October 2023

Background
China’s higher education has developed steadily because of its effective social background. Many nurses have entered adult continuing education to study for on-the-job nursing graduate degrees. Although the overall quality of the nursing team has improved, some problems still remain.
Aim
This study aimed to explore the psychological experience of nursing students in a province of eastern China in the context of popular education.
Methods
For descriptive qualitative research, both objective and snowball sampling were employed to collect data via a semi-structured in-depth interview (N = 13) with on-the-job nursing graduate students in all learning stages from three universities in a province of eastern China. Interviews were recorded using a recorder and analyzed verbatim by two researchers. This study followed the comprehensive criteria checklist for reporting qualitative studies.
Results
A vast majority of the 13 nursing graduate students who completed the survey were women, with an average age of 29 years; 4 themes and 11 subcategories appeared. The four main themes were as follows: (1) learning motivation, (2) social role conflict, (3) support resources, and (4) change of concept.
Conclusions
In the face of conflicts between work, study, and family, nurses who pursue graduate studies in on-the-job nursing overcome difficulties in successfully completing their studies. In this process, some problems in the training system of on-the-job postgraduates are also exposed, which need immediate attention. The different perspectives provided in this study are expected to impact the future policy formulation and research direction of adult continuing education and medical in-service education.
Study of the awareess of patients at Damascus hospital about intraocular hypertension or Glaucoma
Authors: Al-khani Haya Ammar , Hada Yusra
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Vision is the most useful sense for humans. The eye wall consists of three layers from outside to inside: the fibrous layer, the vascular layer, and the retina. The vascular layer consists of three parts: the choroid, ciliary body, and iris. Glaucoma is the second leading cause of permanent blindness and occurs most often in older people. There are four general categories of glaucoma in adults: primary open-angle glaucoma, primary angle-closure glaucoma, secondary open-angle glaucoma, and secondary angle-closure glaucoma. The exact etiology of glaucoma is unknown; But there is a clear relationship with high eye pressure. Glaucoma is not a benign disorder, and if left untreated it can lead to permanent vision loss. The higher the pressure, the greater the risk of damage to the optic nerve. Complications of glaucoma include loss of visual field and can eventually lead to complete blindness. Materials and methods: A controlled study that randomly targeted 744 patients attending Damascus Hospital. Data related to this study were collected using electronic and paper questionnaires. These data were entered and a statistical analysis of all variables in the study was performed using the Chi-square test. Data related to this study were collected using electronic and paper questionnaires. These questionnaires were designed by the student responsible for the research under the supervision of the professor responsible for the thesis, and the data was statistically analyzed and studied. In addition to returning the files of some patients that complete all the information. Results: There is no statistically significant correlation between the gender of the studied sample members and prior knowledge of glaucoma. In addition, There is no statistically significant correlation between gender and prior knowledge. There is a statistical significance between gender and knowledge of the types of ocular hypertension, and preference is for males. Recommendations: Regular eye examinations are recommended, especially for people at risk of developing glaucoma. Wearing protective eye glasses while practicing sporting activities or using electrical devices while working is necessary to protect the eye from injury, and thus prevent glaucoma. It is also recommended to practice moderate sports activities to reduce eye pressure and thus prevent glaucoma.
In Vitro Assessment of The Bioactive Compounds and Anticancer Potential of Citrus medica Leaf Extract
Authors: Mikkili Indira  , Karlapudi Abraham Peele  , Srirama Krupanidhi  , Kodali Vidya Prabhakar  , K.B.S. Vimala  , P. Satya kavya  , Isani Sravya  , T. C. Venkateswarulu
Published: October 2023

Citrus medica is a horticultural crop grown in different parts of the world. The plant leaves have medicinal importance in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. The leaves are an underutilised part of the plant, despite having various bioactive compounds with health benefits, with phytochemical analysis having revealed the presence of flavonoids, fatty acids, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, carbohydrates and phytosterols. The biochemical constituents were identified using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which confirmed the presence of terpenoids, alcohols, alkanes, phytosterols and fatty acids. Among these, methyl 8, 11, 14-heptadecatrienoate is a linolenic acid, and ?-linolenic acid, trimethylsilyl ester and levulinic acid are the predominant compounds belonging to the omega-3 fatty acid group, which has known health benefits. Further, the antimicrobial activity of C. medica plant leaves were tested against certain food-borne pathogens and showed significant results. The minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged from 6.09 mg/mL to 390 mg/mL for bacterial organisms and 48.75 mg/mL to 390 mg/mL for fungal organisms. The antioxidant activity values were 300 ?g/mL and 450 ?g/mL by 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assay, respectively. The methanolic extract from the C. medica leaves also showed anticancer activity against MCF7 breast cancer cell lines, with an IC50 value of material for developing a healthy processed food such as nutraceuticals and functional foods.
Histological characteristics and functional properties of red and white parts of m. semitendinosus of slaughter pigs
Authors: Semenova A. A. , Pchelkina V. A. , Nasonova V. V. , Loskutov S. I. , Bogolyubova N. V. , Nekrasov R. V. , Motovilina A. A. , Bogdanova Yu. I.
Published: October 2023

A unique muscle of pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) is m. semitendinosus, which contains the “red” (dark) part located mainly in the depth of the leg cut and the “white” (light) part located in the close proximity to the subcutaneous fat layer. Differences in the characteristics of its “red” and “white” parts can exert a significant effect on quality and economic indicators of meat products. The aim of this research was to study histological features of the microstructure and technological properties of muscle tissue from different parts of m. semitendinosus, obtained from slaughter pigs of Russian production. M. semitendinosus was excised from chilled porcine carcasses (N=20) 24 hours after slaughter in the process of deboning. Histological examination showed that the dark part of the muscle was characterized by a higher package density of fibers, higher number of capillaries and higher sarcomere length. On the contrary, the light part was characterized by a higher diameter of muscle fibers. Analysis of muscle fiber types showed that the proportion of type I, intermediate and type IIb fibers was higher by 9.3, 5.2 and 4.1%, respectively, in the dark part. Significant differences between the dark and light parts of m. semitendinosus were revealed in terms of the number and size of giant fibers: the light part was characterized by a larger number (by more than 5 times) of giant fibers with the fibers of a larger size (almost by 11%). The samples of minced meat from the dark and light parts showed significant (р<0.05) differences in the mean values of lightness, redness and yellowness (L*, a* and b*) by 6.00, 4.68 and 3.01 units, respectively, in raw samples, and by 6.53, 2.99 and 1.81, respectively, after curing with the nitrite mixture and cooking (р<0.05). The dark part of m. semitendinosus had higher pH values (р<0.05) both for raw and cooked samples. The consistency of the samples from the light part was less elastic, looser and more crumbly than that in the samples produced from the dark part of m. semitendinosus, which was confirmed by the structural-mechanical investigations. Therefore, this study showed significant differences between the dark and light parts of m. semitendinosus by microstructural and functional-technological characteristics. Significant variability by muscle fiber diameter, which was observed in the light part of this muscle, apparently should be taken into account in breeding work and quality assessment of pork from slaughter animals.
Microalgae as alternative proteins for the sustainable food industry: A review
Authors: Son E. , Kwon K. H.
Published: October 2023

This paper reviews the nutritional properties and consumer perceptions of microalgae foods through various recent studies on alternative protein sources. Food choices, including meat consumption, are a common concern for humanity. Thus, we focused on whether microalgae foods have a sufficient value as a protein source and what nutritional benefits they have. Based on existing papers, we conducted a systematic review using Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus to comprehensively investigate and summarize the nutritional characteristics of microalgae, sustainable diets, and awareness of microalgae as an alternative protein source. Research has shown that microalgae have been consumed by humans as a protein source since ancient times, and contain enough protein to be used as an alternative protein source. They also have many other nutritional benefits, such as vitamins. We have found that consumers are increasingly interested in alternative protein sources, and the more they learn about microalgae, the more accepting they become. These results may suggest a need for further research to improve microalgae as an alternative protein source in the long run and develop them into a variety of foods.
Study of the process of the frozen raw beef defrosting with its simultaneous massaging in industrial conditions
Authors: Nikolaev N. S. , Kornienko V. N.
Published: October 2023

Many meat processing enterprises use the frozen raw meat. Its defrosting and thawing is a crucial technological operation that fundamentally affects the quality of food products. The experience and knowledge obtained directly in the workshop in the process of thawing the raw materials and their using to obtain a specific finished product are of great importance. Defrosting and thawing of the frozen beef meat, as one of the stages of raw meat processing, still remains a challenging process in industrial food production. The importance of this process is constantly increasing due to the growing volumes of frozen raw materials processed in food enterprises. Scientific research shows that one of the most efficient methods of defrosting and thawing is the process of meat thawing with saturated water steam under vacuum. When applying the steam the raw materials is heated at its least and minimal losses are observed, while the duration of the process is significantly reduced. This work examines the process of beef meat defrosting and thawing with simultaneous shaking and crumpling the frozen mass, which can be called as massaging of raw materials. As studies have shown, this method of thawing makes it possible to reduce losses down to almost zero and obtain raw materials with good structural characteristics for the production of a finished product with a wide range of consumer properties. The obtained experimental curves of changes in the mass and temperature of raw materials make it possible to analyze the kinetics of heat transfer and mass transfer processes at the macro- and micro levels of the food system, which serve as the basis for modeling and controlling the technological process. This study presents the results of conventional defrosting and thawing of the raw meat but combined with massaging. Studies of the parameters of processing modes have shown that the proposed program makes it possible to use efficiently the design and technological features of the defroster-massager in order to obtain the raw beef for the production of high-quality food products. The results of experimental studies and their analysis allow making conclusion about the prospects of applying this process for the other types of raw meat materials before the main technological processing of raw materials.
On the quark spectral function in QCD
Authors: Horak Jan , Pawlowski Jan M. , Wink Nicolas
Published: October 2023

We calculate the spectral function of light quark flavours in 2+1 flavour vacuum QCD in the isospin-symmetric approximation. We employ spectral Dyson-Schwinger equations and compute the non-perturbative quark propagator directly in real-time, using recent spectral reconstruction results from Gaussian process regression of gluon propagator data in 2+1 flavour lattice QCD. Our results feature a pole-like peak structure at time-like momenta larger than the propagator’s gapping scale as well as a negative scattering continuum, which we exploit assuming an analytic pole-tail split during the iterative solution. The computation is augmented with a general discussion of the impact of the quark-gluon vertex and the gluon propagator on the analytic structure of the quark propagator. In particular, we investigate under which conditions the quark propagator shows unphysical complex poles. Our results offer a wide range of applications, encompassing the ab-initio calculation of transport as well as resonance properties in QCD.
Gravitational multipoles in general stationary spacetimes
Authors: Mayerson Daniel R.
Published: October 2023

The Geroch-Hansen and Thorne (ACMC) formalisms give rigorous and equivalent definitions for gravitational multipoles in stationary vacuum spacetimes. However, despite their ubiquitous use in gravitational physics, it has not been shown that these formalisms can be generalized to non-vacuum stationary solutions, except in a few special cases. This paper shows how the Geroch-Hansen formalism can be generalized to arbitrary non-vacuum stationary spacetimes for metrics that are sufficiently smooth at infinity. The key is the construction of an improved twist vector, which is well-defined under a mild topological condition on the spacetime (which is automatically satisfied for black holes). Ambiguities in the construction of this improved twist vector are discussed and fixed by imposing natural “gauge fixing” conditions, which also immediately lead to the equivalence between the Geroch-Hansen and Thorne formalisms for such arbitrary stationary spacetimes.
A segurança de pessoas na carreira ministerial: Um estudo de caso do ministério público do estado do Pará
Authors: Bitar Marilze Ribeiro , Rosário Hilda Rosa Moraes de Freitas do
Published: October 2023

Este texto apresenta um estudo de caso sobre a segurança necessária ao desenvolvimento das atividades funcionais dos membros do Ministério Público do Pará. Na realização desta pesquisa foram obtidos dados publicados em fontes abertas que apontam ocorrer situações de ameaça no exercício da função a membros do Poder Judiciário e Ministério Público, algumas resultando em morte, potencializando o cuidado com a proteção pessoal a seus integrantes. Objetivou-se identificar se os membros do Ministério Público do Estado do Pará percebem a carreira ministerial como sendo uma atividade de risco e ameaça, e de que forma ocorre, pela instituição, a proteção pessoal aos integrantes ameaçados. A coleta de dados da pesquisa foi realizada no período de julho a outubro de 2019. Utilizou-se a pesquisa exploratória e descritiva por meio de instrumento estruturado – Google Docs –, tendo seguido em todas as etapas os aspectos éticos da pesquisa com seres humanos. Os resultados apresentados mostram que o membro do Ministério Público percebe a carreira como uma atividade de risco, sendo necessário o aprimoramento da segurança pessoal oferecida pelo órgão.
Supremo Tribunal Federal e acesso à justiça no contexto de crise democrática
Authors: De Menezes Filipe Cortes , Duarte Junior Dimas Pereira
Published: October 2023

O Supremo Tribunal Federal costuma ser estudado sob o enfoque eminentemente dogmático constitucional. Entende-se, contudo, ser este prisma, por si só, insuficiente ao enfrentamento de temáticas complexas e abrangentes, como o acesso à justiça e a proteção aos direitos humanos. Desta forma, visa-se a responder ao seguinte problema: Em que medida a expressão “precipuamente” (artigo 102 da Constituição) pode constituir instrumento de ressignificação da função institucional-democrática do STF no tocante ao acesso à justiça? Para tanto, buscar-se-á uma análise de revisão de literatura conjunta acerca da temática democracia-direitos humanos, relacionando-a à discussão acerca da função institucional do STF.
Topology-distance-based clustering method for water distribution network partitioning
Authors: Du Kun , Li Jiangyun , Xu Wei , Liu Zilian , Zheng Feifei
Published: October 2023

Partitioning water distribution networks (WDNs) into district metered areas offers benefits including reduced nonrevenue water and simplified pressure management. However, current research in this field tends to narrowly focus on the topological relationships among nodes, often overlooking the influence of pressure reducing valves (PRVs) and pump stations on clustering results. To address this limitation, this study introduces a topology-distance-based clustering (TDBC) method that enhances the accuracy of partitioning by explicitly considering the impact of PRVs and pump stations. In the TDBC method, the Floyd algorithm is initially employed to construct a topological distance matrix that quantifies the degree of node connectivity. By amplifying topological distances for links including PRVs and pump stations, their effect on clustering results is incorporated. Subsequently, nodes are clustered using the K-means algorithm based on the resulting topology-distance matrix. The proposed TDBC approach is applied to four network cases, and its outcomes are compared with those of two traditional methods. The comparative analysis indicates that the TDBC algorithm achieves precise partitioning results for networks incorporating PRVs or pump stations, while ensuring a harmonious balance between modularity and the uniformity of the partitioning results, even in networks with complex structures and highly interconnected loops.
Medicinal Chemistry Aspects of Isoxazole Analogues as Anti-tubercular Agents
Authors: Singh Harshwardhan , Kumari V.S. Anila , Singh Ankit Kumar , Kumar Adarsh , Kumar Pradeep
Published: October 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) is the major cause of mortality around the world and one of the most
common diseases linked to AIDS. Due to the emergence of multi-drug resistance, extensive drug
resistance, and total drug resistance strains, TB has become a difficult disease to treat. Isoxazole
scaffold shows a wide range of biological activities, including anticancer, antibacterial, antitubercular,
antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities etc. Several isoxazole derivatives have been
produced and few of them have shown comparable anti-tubercular activity with standard drugs. In
this review, we have focused on reported isoxazole derivatives having anti-tubercular activity and
summarized their structure-activity relationship.
Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to
Decipher the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Magnolol on LPS-induced
RAW264.7 Cells
Authors: Hao Lei , Zhong Xiaoying , Yu Runjia , Chen Jiahui , Li Wei , Chen Yuzhong , Lu Weiqi , Wu Jianyu , Wang Peizong
Published: October 2023

Introduction:

Magnolol is beneficial against inflammation-mediated damage. However,
the underlying mechanisms by which magnolol exerts anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages
remain unclear.

Objective:

In this study, network pharmacology and experimental validation were used to assess
the effect of magnolol on inflammation caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW264.7 cells.

Materials and Methods:

Genes related to magnolol were identified in the PubChem and Swiss
Target Prediction databases, and gene information about macrophage polarization was retrieved
from the GeneCards, OMIM, and PharmGKB databases. Analysis of protein-protein interactions
was performed with STRING, and Cytoscape was used to construct a component-target-disease
network. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to ascertain significant molecular
biological processes and signaling pathways. LPS was used to construct the inflammatory cell
model. ELISA and qRT‒PCR were used to examine the expression levels of inflammationassociated
factors, immunofluorescence was used to examine macrophage markers (CD86 and
CD206), and western blotting was used to examine protein expression levels.

Results:

The hub target genes of magnolol that act on macrophage polarization were MDM2,
MMP9, IL-6, TNF, EGFR, AKT1, and ERBB2. The experimental validation results showed that
magnolol treatment decreased the levels of proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6).
Moreover, the levels of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10 and IL-4) were increased. In addition,
magnolol upregulated the expression of M2 markers (Agr-1, Fizzl, and CD206) and downregulated
M1 markers (CD86). The cell experiment results supported the network pharmacological
results and demonstrated that magnolol alleviated inflammation by modulating the PI3k-Akt and
P62/keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathways.

Conclusion:

According to network pharmacology and experimental validation, magnolol attenuated
inflammation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells mainly by inhibiting M1 polarization and
enhancing M2 polarization by activating the PI3K/Akt and P62/keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathways.
The Effect of Chrysin-nanocrystal on Oxidative Stress Indices and
Histopathological changes in Kidney Tissue of Rats Exposed to
Chlorpyrifos
Authors: Rajabi Shahnaz , Alemzadeh Effat , Ahrari Fatemeh , Roshanravan Babak , Aschner Michael , Samarghandian Saeed , Farkhondeh Tahereh
Published: October 2023

Aims:

The current study looked at the effect of nanocrystal chrysin on the effects of
chlorpyrifos on kidney function, as well as the histopathological changes in this tissue and its potential
as an antioxidant in the kidneys of adult male rats.

Background:

The effect of nanocrystal chrysin on the kidneys of rats exposed to chlorpyrifos has
not been fully understood.

Objective:

The safety and efficacy of nanocrystal chrysin was evaluated.

Methods:

The rats were randomly divided into six groups of six rats each: 1) a control group treated
with corn oil, 2) a group treated with chrysin nanocrystals (5 mg/kg), 3) a group treated with
chrysin nanocrystals (10 mg/kg), 4) a group treated with chrysin nanocrystals (5 mg/kg) + chlorpyrifos
(30 mg/kg), 5) a group treated with chrysin nanocrystals (10mg/kg) + chlorpyrifos (30
mg/kg). After the intervention, serum and kidney tissue samples were separated.

Results:

Histology and biochemical factors at the serum level did not reveal any significant
changes in all treated groups versus the control group. Additionally, the morphology of the renal
tubules in all groups, including the glomeruli, was normal. There was no inflammation, congestion,
necrosis, or degeneration.

Conclusion:

In this study, the serum levels of urea, creatinine, bilirubin, and albumin, which are
indicators of kidney function, as well as oxidative stress indices and kidney morphology in animals
given doses of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg of chrysin nanocrystals did not change. This study
suggests that chrysin nanocrystals with an average diameter of 155 nm may be a safe and efficient
antioxidant.
The Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Wound Infection
Authors: Khaledi Mansoor , Zandi Bita , Mohsenipour Zeinab
Published: October 2023

Wound infection often requires a long period of care and an onerous treatment process.
Also, the rich environment makes the wound an ideal niche for microbial growth. Stable structures,
like biofilm, and drug-resistant strains cause a delay in the healing process, which has become
one of the important challenges in wound treatment. Many studies have focused on alternative
methods to deal the wound infections. One of the novel and highly potential ways is mesenchymal
stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs are mesoderm-derived pluripotent adult stem cells with
the capacity for self-renewal, multidirectional differentiation, and immunological control. Also,
MSCs have anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. MScs, as pluripotent stromal cells, differentiate
into many mature cells. Also, MSCs produce antimicrobial compounds, such as antimicrobial
peptides (AMP), as well as secrete immune modulators, which are two basic features considered
in wound healing. Despite the advantages, preserving the structure and activity of MSCs is
considered one of the most important points in the treatment. MSCs’ antimicrobial effects on microorganisms
involved in wound infection have been confirmed in various studies. In this review,
we aimed to discuss the antimicrobial and therapeutic applications of MSCs in the infected wound
healing processes.
A Systematic Review of Medical Expert Systems for Cardiac Arrest
Prediction
Authors: Kaur Ishleen , Ahmad Tanvir , Doja M.N.
Published: October 2023

Background::

Predicting cardiac arrest is crucial for timely intervention and improved patient
outcomes. Machine learning has yielded astounding results by offering tailored prediction analyses
on complex data. Despite advancements in medical expert systems, there remains a need for a
comprehensive analysis of their effectiveness and limitations in cardiac arrest prediction. This need
arises because there are not enough existing studies that thoroughly cover the topic.

Objective::

The systematic review aims to analyze the existing literature on medical expert systems
for cardiac arrest prediction, filling the gaps in knowledge and identifying key challenges.

Methods::

This paper adopts the PRISMA methodology to conduct a systematic review of 37 publications
obtained from PubMed, Springer, ScienceDirect, and IEEE, published within the last decade.
Careful inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied during the selection process, resulting in a
comprehensive analysis that utilizes five integrated layers- research objectives, data collection, feature
set generation, model training and validation employing various machine learning techniques.

Results and Conclusion::

The findings indicate that current studies frequently use ensemble and deep
learning methods to improve machine learning predictions’ accuracy. However, they lack adequate
implementation of proper pre-processing techniques. Further research is needed to address challenges
related to external validation, implementation, and adoption of machine learning models in real
clinical settings, as well as integrating machine learning with AI technologies like NLP. This review
aims to be a valuable resource for both novice and experienced researchers, offering insights into
current methods and potential future recommendations.
Cannabidiol and Depression: Promise and Challenge in Building
an Evidence Base
Authors: Moser Amelia D. , Batt Melissa M. , Bidwell Lorna C. , Kaiser Roselinde H.
Published: October 2023

Background:

Interest in the potential mental health effects of
cannabidiol (CBD) has increased recently, with a surge in commercial and
pharmaceutical development of CBD products and a concomitant rise in
consumer use. However, despite the widespread and growing use of CBD
products by adults and adolescents, the mental health effects of CBD remain
largely unknown.

Objective:

The goals of this review are: 1) to briefly review the evidence base for
the mental health effects of CBD, using depression as an exemplar, and 2) to
systematically outline complementary study designs needed to test CBD effects,
together with challenges and special considerations related to each design.

Methods:

This review integrates empirical findings related to CBD's effects on
mental health outcomes with the literature on intervention trial design and current
legal regulations pertaining to CBD.

Conclusion:

Complementary controlled and observational studies of CBD are
necessary to substantiate claims of mental health benefits, including for clinical
depression and in pediatric populations. Investigators must consider challenges
and opportunities specific to CBD as an intervention, including legal regulations,
commercial or pharmaceutical product choice, dosing and bioavailability, and
safety.
WITHDRAWN: A Novel Sine Cosine Optimization with Stacked Long Short-term Memory-enabled Stock Price Prediction
Authors: Swathi T. , Kasiviswanath N. , Rao A. Ananda
Published: October 2023

Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfil the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been
withdrawn from the journal Recent Advances in Computer Science and Communications.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

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Sistema para mejorarlas características de arranque de los motores diésel en la altura
Authors: Lira Cacho Guillermo , Ponce Galiano Jorge
Published: October 2023

Se presentan los fundamentos teóricos de un sistema para mejorar el arranque de los motores diesel en la altura, que incluye una válvula especial, denominada RND, utilizada para introducir líquidos inflamables a la línea de alta presión del sistema de inyección, y así reducir el período de retraso del encendido durante el arranque. Complementariamente, se propone el método de desconexión parcial de cilindros para evitar que el motor se apague después de arrancar. También, se presentan los resultados experimentales del tiempo de arranque, utilizando líquidos inflamables, en un banco de pruebas con simulación de altura estrangulando la admisión.
Diversidad de escarabajos micetófilos a lo largo de un gradiente altitudinal de la región central de Chiapas, México
Authors: Sánchez Hernández Gibrán , Chamé-Vázquez Eduardo Rafael , Gómez Benigno
Published: October 2023

Los hongos son parte de la dieta de larvas y adultos del orden Coleoptera; sin embargo, es un recurso que con poca frecuencia se utiliza como atrayente para la recolección de estos insectos. En este trabajo se analizaron los ensamblajes de escarabajos micetófilos en cuatro localidades ubicadas a lo largo de un gradiente altitudinal de la región central de Chiapas, México. Para el muestreo de escarabajos se utilizaron trampas de caída cebadas con el cuerpo fructífero del hongo Agaricus bisporus previamente fermentado. En total se capturaron 208 individuos que integran 27 especies de las familias Scarabaeidae (Scarabaeinae), Silphidae y Staphylinidae. La diversidad de especies fue baja en comparación con otros atrayentes utilizados para el muestreo de estos grupos de insectos, no obstante, se obtuvo una alta representatividad de especies. De manera general, la diversidad está relacionada con el incremento de la altitud, pero la respuesta fue diferente entre familias. Scarabaeinae estuvo mejor representada en los sitios de menor altitud, caso contrario ocurrió con Staphylinidae que predominó en los sitios de mayor altitud, esto permitió diferenciar tres comunidades de escarabajos a lo largo del gradiente (Dβ = 2.77). A pesar de la baja prevalencia de especies y sus abundancias, estos resultados indican que este tipo de atrayentes pueden ser utilizados por diversas especies y es probable que funcionen como una fuente alterna que permite segregar la competencia por la demanda y la repartición de alimento cuando los recursos preferidos son escasos. Ofrecer un número diverso de recursos alimentarios potenciales, permitiría establecer el espectro trófico de las especies de forma más realista y objetiva. Por lo tanto, este tipo de atrayentes pueden ser utilizados para la captura de escarabajos en los inventarios de biodiversidad permitiendo obtener resultados más precisos sobre la diversidad local de insectos.
بارودۆخی سیاسی ئەدیابین لە سەردەمی ئەشکانیدا
Authors: Raza Hazha Abd-Aljabar , Ahmad Kozad Muhammad
Published: October 2023

زانیارییه‌كانمان له‌باره‌ی Adiabene وسنووره‌كه‌یه‌وه‌ پشت به‌ جوگرافی ناسه‌كانی یۆنان ورۆمان وه‌كو (سترابۆ Strabo وبه‌تلیمۆس Ptolemy وپلینی Pliny) ده‌به‌ستێت.  ئه‌دیابین له‌گه‌ڵ ده‌ركه‌وتنی ئه‌شكانییه‌كان وه‌كو شانشینێكی سه‌رده‌می ئه‌شكانی ده‌ستنیشانكرا، پایته‌خته‌كه‌ی ئه‌ربێلا (هه‌ولێری ئێستا) بوو،  ده‌كه‌وێته‌ نێوان هه‌ردوو زیێ گه‌وره‌ وبچووك کە لە لیکوس وکاپرۆس ناسراون، وهاوسنوور بووه‌ له‌گه‌ڵ ئه‌رمینیا، كۆردوێنێ/گۆردینێ (له‌ باكوره‌وه‌) وده‌ریاچه‌ی ورمێ (له‌ رۆژهه‌لاته‌وه‌) ، ڕووباری دیجله‌ (له‌ رۆژئاواوه‌) وته‌نانه‌ت هه‌ندێك زه‌وی رۆژئاوای دیجله‌ش وه‌كو شاری ئاشور. شانشيني ئەدیابین بوو بە پەناگەی بۆ پادشایانی ئەشکانی، بە تایبەت لەسەردەمی ئیزاتیسی دووەم دا.  شانشینی ناوبراو وپایتەختەکەی کە ئەربێلا بوو پێگه‌یه‌كی دیاریان هه‌بوو بۆیه‌ به‌شێكی زۆر له‌ ته‌رمی پادشایانی ئه‌شكانی له‌ ئه‌ربێلا ده‌نێژران.شاژنی ئەدیابین ʼهێلینا Helena ʽ  وکوڕەکانی ئیزاتیس دووه‌م و مۆنۆبازۆس دووه‌م چوونە سه‌ر ئاینی جوله‌كه وخزمه‌تی په‌رستگا وئاینی جوله‌كه‌یان كردوووە،‌ دوای ئەوە بنەماڵەی شاهانەی ئەدیابین چوون بۆ ئورشەلیم-قودس ولەوێ نیشتەجێ بوون چەند پرۆژەیەکی نیشتەجێ بوون وخێرخوازییان ئەنجام دا، هێلێنای شاژنی ئەدیابین له‌گه‌ڵ كوڕه‌كانی له‌ گۆرستانی پادشایانی ئورشه‌لیم نێژراون. جار هه‌بووه‌ فه‌رمانڕه‌وا ڕێگه‌ پێدراوبوو به‌وه‌ی نازناوی پادشا له‌خۆی بنێت.  بۆ ماوه‌یه‌كی زۆر كورت ئه‌دیابین كه‌وته‌ ژێر ده‌ستی ڕۆمانه‌كانه‌وه‌ كاتێك تراجان (98-117ز.) له‌ 115ز./ 116ز هێرشی كرده‌ سه‌ر ئه‌شكانییه‌كان. بەمەش تراجانی ئیمپراتۆر نازناوی ئه‌دیابینیكۆس Adiabenicus ی وه‌رگرت. بەڵام له‌ دوای كاراكاللا وهاتنی ʼماكرینوس ʽMacrinus   (217-218  ز.) بۆ سه‌رده‌سه‌ڵات كۆتایی به‌و ناكۆكییه‌ هات كه‌ له‌ نێوان ئه‌شكانییه‌كان ورۆمانه‌كان دروست ببو.
Identification of Key Influencers for Secondary Distribution of HIV Self-Testing Kits Among Chinese Men Who Have Sex With Men: Development of an Ensemble Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Jing Fengshi , Ye Yang , Zhou Yi , Ni Yuxin , Yan Xumeng , Lu Ying , Ong Jason , Tucker Joseph D , Wu Dan , Xiong Yuan , Xu Chen , He Xi , Huang Shanzi , Li Xiaofeng , Jiang Hongbo , Wang Cheng , Dai Wencan , Huang Liqun , Mei Wenhua , Cheng Weibin , Zhang Qingpeng , Tang Weiming
Published: October 2023

Background

HIV self-testing (HIVST) has been rapidly scaled up and additional strategies further expand testing uptake. Secondary distribution involves people (defined as “indexes”) applying for multiple kits and subsequently sharing them with people (defined as “alters”) in their social networks. However, identifying key influencers is difficult.

Objective

This study aimed to develop an innovative ensemble machine learning approach to identify key influencers among Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM) for secondary distribution of HIVST kits.

Methods

We defined three types of key influencers: (1) key distributors who can distribute more kits, (2) key promoters who can contribute to finding first-time testing alters, and (3) key detectors who can help to find positive alters. Four machine learning models (logistic regression, support vector machine, decision tree, and random forest) were trained to identify key influencers. An ensemble learning algorithm was adopted to combine these 4 models. For comparison with our machine learning models, self-evaluated leadership scales were used as the human identification approach. Four metrics for performance evaluation, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, were used to evaluate the machine learning models and the human identification approach. Simulation experiments were carried out to validate our approach.

Results

We included 309 indexes (our sample size) who were eligible and applied for multiple test kits; they distributed these kits to 269 alters. We compared the performance of the machine learning classification and ensemble learning models with that of the human identification approach based on leadership self-evaluated scales in terms of the 2 nearest cutoffs. Our approach outperformed human identification (based on the cutoff of the self-reported scales), exceeding by an average accuracy of 11.0%, could distribute 18.2% (95% CI 9.9%-26.5%) more kits, and find 13.6% (95% CI 1.9%-25.3%) more first-time testing alters and 12.0% (95% CI –14.7% to 38.7%) more positive-testing alters. Our approach could also increase the simulated intervention’s efficiency by 17.7% (95% CI –3.5% to 38.8%) compared to that of human identification.

Conclusions

We built machine learning models to identify key influencers among Chinese MSM who were more likely to engage in secondary distribution of HIVST kits.

Trial Registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) ChiCTR1900025433; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=42001
A Digital Mental Health Support Program for Depression and Anxiety in Populations With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Feasibility and Usability Study
Authors: Tsirmpas Charalampos , Nikolakopoulou Maria , Kaplow Sharon , Andrikopoulos Dimitrios , Fatouros Panagiotis , Kontoangelos Konstantinos , Papageorgiou Charalabos
Published: October 2023

Background

A total of 1 in 2 adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) struggles with major depressive or anxiety disorders. The co-occurrence of these disorders adds to the complexity of finding utility in as well as adherence to a treatment option. Digital therapeutic solutions may present a promising alternative treatment option that could mitigate these challenges and alleviate symptoms.

Objective

This study aims to investigate (1) the feasibility and acceptance of a digital mental health intervention, (2) participants’ engagement and retention levels, and (3) the potential efficacy with respect to anxiety and depression symptoms in a population with ADHD. Our main hypothesis was that a digital, data-driven, and personalized intervention for adults with coexisting ADHD and depressive or anxiety symptoms would show high engagement and adherence, which would be accompanied by a decrease in depressive and anxiety symptoms along with an increase in quality of life and life satisfaction levels.

Methods

This real-world data, single-arm study included 30 adult participants with ADHD symptomatology and coexisting depressive or anxiety symptoms who joined a 16-week digital, data-driven mental health support program. This intervention is based on a combination of evidence-based approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and positive psychology techniques. The targeted symptomatology was evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire–9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder–7, and Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale–IV. Quality of life aspects were evaluated using the Satisfaction With Life Scale and the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire, and user feedback surveys were used to assess user experience and acceptability.

Results

The study retention rate was 97% (29/30), and high engagement levels were observed, as depicted by the 69 minutes spent on the app per week, 5 emotion logs per week, and 11.5 mental health actions per week. An average decrease of 46.2% (P<.001; r=0.89) in depressive symptoms and 46.4% (P<.001; r=0.86) in anxiety symptoms was observed, with clinically significant improvement for more than half (17/30, 57% and 18/30, 60%, respectively) of the participants. This was followed by an average increase of 23% (P<.001; r=0.78) and 20% (P=.003; r=0.8) in Satisfaction With Life Scale and Life Satisfaction Questionnaire scores, respectively. The overall participant satisfaction level was 4.3 out of 5.

Conclusions

The findings support the feasibility, acceptability, and value of the examined digital program for adults with ADHD symptomatology to address the coexisting depressive or anxiety symptoms. However, controlled trials with larger sample sizes and more diverse participant profiles are required to provide further evidence of clinical efficacy.
Materiales conductores de electrones y su impacto durante la producción anaerobia de metano
Authors: Álvarez Valencia Luis Humberto , Burboa Charis Vianey Ariadna , Orrantia López Miriam
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: revisar la literatura científica para conocer el impacto de materiales conductores a base de carbón y metálicos durante procesos de digestión anaerobia para la producción de metano.
Diseño metodológico: revisión de literatura científica para recopilar la información y datos presentados.
Resultados: análisis de resultados de procesos de digestión anaerobia con diferentes sustratos y materiales conductores, para identificar el incremento en la producción y rendimiento de metano, reducción de fase lag y producción de productor intermediarios.
Limitaciones de la investigación: se centra en el uso de materiales que promueven la producción de metano por digestión anaerobia.
Principales hallazgos: los materiales conductores permiten aumentar la producción de metano y reducir el tiempo de la fase lag, al promover la transferencia directa de electrones entre especies durante la digestión de materia orgánica simple y compleja.
Wences Isabel (coord.) (2022). La corrupción. Lecturas desde el pensamiento político contemporáneo. Granada. Comares
Authors: Arenas Arias Germán Jair
Published: October 2023

No disponible
Implementación de un curso virtual de lectura crítica en estudiantes de medicina durante la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Pierdant-Pérez Mauricio , Patiño-López María Isabel , Flores-García José Andrés , Jacques-García Fausto Abraham
Published: October 2023

Introducción: En la carrera de médico cirujano de la facultad de medicina de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí (MED-UASLP), se imparte un curso de lectura crítica (CLC) mediante la herramienta OPMER, esta es el acrónimo de Objetivo, Población, Metodología, Estadística, Resultados. El curso es presencial y por la pandemia de COVID-19, se impartió de manera virtual.

Objetivo: Determinar si el CLC impartido de manera virtual a alumnos del segundo semestre de MED-UASLP les permite evaluar la metodología de un artículo científico con resultados semejantes a los obtenidos por los profesores del curso.

Método: Se implementó el CLC a través de las plataformas de Moodle y Teams a 60 alumnos de segundo semestre de MED-UASLP, sin conocimiento previo de lectura crítica durante la materia de Informática Médica (mayo 2022). El curso constó de 10 horas divididas en 5 horas de clase virtual sincrónica Teams (Microsoft) y 5 horas de actividades relacionadas en Moodle. Al final, los alumnos revisaron la metodología de un artículo científico (en tiempo real) utilizando la herramienta OPMER, otorgando una calificación contrastada con la de los profesores del curso.

Resultados: Se obtuvo un promedio de 15.06 puntos con mínima de 10 y máxima de 18. El 30% (18) de los alumnos concordaron con la puntuación del grupo de profesores en 16 puntos, el 32% (19) de los alumnos puntuaron ±1 de la puntuación del grupo de profesores, y 18% (11) de los alumnos puntuaron ±2 de la puntuación del grupo de profesores, el 20% de los alumnos (12) se encontraron fuera de este rango.

Conclusiones: Mediante un CLC virtual se evidenció un resultado similar al del grupo de profesores al evaluar la metodología de un artículo, demostrando una probable utilidad para la enseñanza de habilidades de lectura crítica en esa modalidad.
La marea verde y el derecho al aborto
Authors: Téllez Girón García María Fernanda , González Kazén Tania
Published: October 2023

En este libro las autoras abordan el aborto como un derecho sexual y reproductivo; a partir de ello, explican los tipos de aborto que suceden en México, el derecho a la salud, y las obligaciones que tiene el Estado mexicano con las mujeres. Consideran que la sexualidad y la reproducción son derechos fundamentales que se han conquistado gracias a la lucha que han dado las feministas quienes se han abierto camino, a nivel nacional e internacional, y han puesto sobre la mesa la valiosa discusión de la igualdad de género y la no discriminación. El libro se enriquece con una gran recopilación de códigos penales, decisiones de tribunales internacionales, documentos legales y otros documentos.