bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deporte, resiliencia y calidad de vida
Authors: Cabrera Acosta Rosa Elvira , González Pieras Jonathan
Published: July 2023

La Revista Cuerpo, Cultura y Movimiento les hace llegar sus más sinceras y afables congratulaciones por la prestancia y motivación al estudio de las nuevas temáticas que aquí se abordan. Debido a la necesidad de poner en manos de los investigadores el quehacer científico, que contribuyan a potenciar los saberes a través de significados y sentidos en las áreas de conocimiento de la cultura física, el deporte y la educación física, se aportan soluciones científicas, asumidas por los profesionales para mejorar la calidad de vida de la población, las competencias profesionales y la sostenibilidad de la práctica deportiva  en el mundo basado en el uso de los adelantos científicos técnicos. Por lo que, el abordaje de las temáticas expuestas expresa la necesidad de asumir los nuevos retos en correspondencia con las trasformaciones de la sociedad contemporánea.
Chej Maelainin, un notable sahariano
Authors: Hernández Moreno Ángela
Published: July 2023

Chorfa, Haj, Alem y santo. Chej Maelainin, último de los grandes personajes del Sáhara nació en el seno de una familia de linaje chorfa, dedicada al estudio. Su padre Mohammed Fadel le transmitió sus conocimientos y le envió a Sakiet el Hamra para extender la influencia de su cofradía. Personaje carismático supo ganarse la voluntad de los nómadas, actuando de árbitro e intentando siempre la unificación. Nunca abandonó el modo de vida nómada hasta que se instaló en Smara. Como intelectual fue muy reconocido en el imperio cherifiano y por los propios sultanes. Fue nombrado representante, jalifa, del sultán en el Sáhara por Hassán I y apoyó siempre la política del Makhzen hasta que se sintió traicionado al pactar con los franceses. Lideró el yihad contra los infieles en el Sáhara. AbstractChorfa, Haj, Alem and saint,CheikhMaelainin, the last of the great Saharan figureswas born intoa family ofChorfalineagedevoted to study. Knowledge was transmitted to him by his father,MohammedFadel,who then sent him toSakietel Hamrato extendthe influence of hisfraternity. As a charismatic figure, hemanaged to win the nomads’ favor, acting as an arbitrator andalways pursuingunification.He never abandonedthenomadic way of lifeuntilhe settled inSmara.As an intellectual, hewaswidely acclaimed in the Cherifian empireand by the sultans themselves. He was appointedrepresentative,caliph,of the sultan of Saharaby HassanI and healways supported the Makhzenpolicyuntil he feltbetrayed in thepact withthe French.He ledthe jihad against theinfidels inthe Sahara.
Itineraire de fondateur de la tariqa Fadiliyy
Authors: Boubrik Rahal
Published: July 2023

Fundada por Muhammad Fadil y difundida por su hijo Saad Buh y Ma 'al-'Aynayn. La Hermandad Qadiri está representada por dos corrientes principales: la Bakkâ'iyya y la Fâdiliyya. La formación de los maestros hermandad es muy importante, porque a través de ella se legitima el discurso empleado. En la cadena mística Fadil Muhammad encontramos figuras claves de la mística del norte de África y del sufismo oriental de la tradición sahariana Kunta. La apertura y la libertad de elegir el "wird" son características que reflejan la habilidad de adaptación de Muhammad Fadil a la mentalidad del medio. Criticado por sus opositores y defendido por Ma 'al-'Aynayn, para él todo tenía un origen único: el camino del Profeta.AbstractFounded by Muhammad Fadil and spreaded by his son Saad Buh and Ma 'al-'Aynayn, the Qadiri brotherhood is represented by two main streams: the Bakkâ'iyya and Fâdiliyya. The brotherhood teacher training is very important, because through it legitimizes the discourse used. In the mystical chain of Muhammad Fadil are key figures of North Africa mysticism and Eastern Sufism following the  Saharan Kunta tradition. Openness and freedom to choose the "wird" are characteristics that reflect the ability of Muhammad Fadil to adapt to the mentality of the medium. Criticized by their opponents and defended by Ma 'al-'Aynayn, for him all had a single origin: the path of the Prophet.
Comparison between wet oxidation and steam explosion as pretreatment methods for enyzmatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse
Authors: Martín Carlos , Marcet Marcelo , Thomsen Anne Belinda
Published: July 2023

Alkaline wet oxidation and steam explosion pretreatments of sugarcane bagasse were compared with regard to biomass fractionation, formation of by-products, and enzymatic convertibility of the pretreated material. Wet oxidation led to the solubilisation of 82% of xylan and 50% of lignin, and to a two-fold increase of cellulose content in the pretreated solids, while steam explosion solubilised only 60% of xylan and 35% of lignin and increased cellulose content in the solid material by one third. Wet oxidation formed more aliphatic acids and phenolics, and less furan aldehydes in the liquid fraction than steam explosion did. A better enzymatic convertibility of cellulose was achieved for the wet-oxidised material (57.4 %) than for the steam-exploded material (48.9 %). Cellulose convertibility was lower for the whole slurry than for the washed solids in both pretreatments, but more significantly in steam explosion. This investigation demonstrates the potential of wet oxidation as a promising pretreatment method for enzyme-based bagasse-to-ethanol processes.
Rheological properties of mixtures of spruce galactoglucomannans and konjac glucomannan or some other polysaccharides
Authors: Xu Chunlin , Willför Stefan , Holmbom Bjarne
Published: July 2023

Spruce galactoglucomannan is a wood-derived polysaccharide with a modest molar mass that has recently been made available in kg-scale for research and development of value-added products. To promote the application of spruce galactoglucomannans in, for example, food products, it is vital to understand also the rheological behaviour of the mixtures of galactoglucomannans with other polysaccharides. Rheological measurements were applied to study the rheological properties of mixtures of spruce galactoglucomannans and high-molar-mass konjac glucomannan, xanthan, guar gum, locust bean gum, and carrageenan. Shear rate-dependence of viscosity and applicability of the Cox-Merz relationship of mixtures of spruce galactoglucomannans with the other polysaccharides were studied. Spray-dried and ethanol-precipitated galactoglucomannans were also prepared for comparison. The effects of polysaccharide mixture ratio, temperature, ionic strength, and deacetyl-ation are discussed. Mixtures of spray-dried galactoglucomannans and konjac glucomannan showed lower elastic properties than those of ethanol precipitated galactoglucomannans and konjac glucomannan. The viscoelastic spectra of mixtures of both galactoglucomannans and deacetylated galactoglucomannans with konjac glucomannan showed temperature dependency throughout the cooling process. Ionic strength had an effect on the rheological properties of mixtures of galactogluco-mannans with konjac glucomannan. Deacetylation of galactoglucoman-nans did not affect the viscoelastic spectra significantly.
Process for the production of dissolving pulp from Trema orientalis (nalita) by prehydrolysis kraft and soda-ethylenediamine (EDA) process
Authors: Jahan M. Sarwar , Ahsan Labooni , Noori A. , Quaiyyum M. A.
Published: July 2023

This paper presents a preliminary study for the production of dissolving pulp from Trema orientalis (Nalita). Water prehydrolysis kraft and soda-ethylenediamine (EDA) pulping for the production of dissolving pulp from T. orientalis was investigated. Prehydrolysis at 150 and 170 oC did not produce pulp with high α-cellulose content when using the kraft process. But addition of 0.25 % H2SO4 in prehydrolysis liquor increased the purity of the pulp with the sacrifice of pulp yield and viscosity. The soda-EDA process produced better pulp yield, kappa number, viscosity, and α-cellulose content as compared to the kraft process. Increasing EDA charge in the soda liquor increased pulping selectivity and α-cellulose content. Degraded cellulose (R18-R10) in soda-EDA pulp was lower than kraft pulp. But the bleachability of soda-EDA pulp was inferior as compared to kraft pulp in DED bleaching.
PY/GC/MS analyses of historical papers
Authors: Keheyan Yeghis
Published: July 2023

The thermal degradation of cellulose is an important process in several fields such as the paper industry, biomass combustion, fire retardation, etc. Paper consists mostly of cellulose fibres. Although the fibre source has changed continiously from cotton or linen rags to wood, its nature is still vegetal. Pyrolysis in combination with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry has been used to identify the structures of thermal degradation products with the aim to characterize papers used in different centuries. Pyrolysis of cellulose has also been studied in the presence of the methylating reagent tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH).
Surface composition of grafted thermomechanical pulp through XPS measurement
Authors: Montplaisir Daniel , Daneault Claude , Chabot Bruno
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to develop an analytical method to quantify the nitrogen present at the surface of paper by using X-ray photo-electronic spectroscopy (XPS). A sample of softwood thermomechanical pulp (TMP) was treated with a cationic starch containing primary amines, while another one was treated with a cationic polymer containing quaternary amines. We also grafted monomers containing a quaternary amine to the fiber. Sheets were prepared and analyzed by XPS. The technique used allowed us to identify the type of amine and to give a semi-quantitative evaluation.
Mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of maleic anhydride modified rice husk filled PVC composites
Authors: Chand Navin , Jhod Bhajan Das
Published: July 2023

Unmodified and modified rice husk powder filled PVC composites were prepared having different amounts of rice husk powder. Mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of these composites were determined. The tensile strength of rice husk powder PVC composites having 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 weight percent of rice husk powder was found to be 33.9, 19.4, 18.1, 14.6, and 9.5 MPa, respectively. Adding of maleic anhydride- modified rice husk powder improved the tensile strength of rice husk powder PVC composites. Flexural strength and flexural modulus of composites increased on treatment of rice husk powder due to the improved bonding between rice husk powder and PVC matrix. Arc-resistance of rice husk powder PVC composites was not affected on increasing loading of the powder. Volume resistivity and surface resistivity decreased with increasing loading due to the presence of impurities and water molecules. Vicat softening temperature increased with rice husk powder loading. Addition of rice husk increased the melting temperature of the composite matrix as compared to pure PVC.
Potential of using anaerobically digested bovine biofiber as a fiber source for wood composites
Authors: Winandy Jerrold , Cai Zhiyong
Published: July 2023

Manure, an animal waste product with many negative economic and environmental issues, can today be converted using anaerobic digestion technology into a number of commercial products ranging from fertilizer, compost, animal bedding, and plant bedding. A number of new uses are now being explored such as bioenergy (both electrical and biofuel) and a lignocellulose-rich potential feedstock for engineered biocomposite products for building materials. This paper explores the engineering potential of using anaerobically digested bovine biomass (ADBF) as a feedstock material for biocomposite building materials. Our evaluation generally indicated that making dry-formed fiberboard using up to a 50/50% mixture of wood fiber and ADBF-fiber compared favorably with some commercial requirements for wood-based medium-density fiberboard and particleboard.
Anaerobically digested bovine biofiber as a source of fiber for particleboard manufacturing: An economic analysis
Authors: Spelter Henry , Winandy Jerrold , Zauche Timothy
Published: July 2023

This paper explores the physical and economic potential to substitute anaerobically digested bovine biofiber (ADBF) for wood in the making of particleboard. Laboratory tests indicated that replacement of one-half the wood in particleboard with ADBF produced panels that compared favorably to the requirements for commercial particleboard performance (specified by ANSI Standard A208.1–1999). The economic question hinges on the opportunity costs of alternative uses for ADBF. The current use is primarily animal bedding, and prices appear to be greater than those paid by particleboard plants for sawdust and planer shavings but less than for chips. ADBF is most similar in size to, thus most likely to be substitutable for, sawdust and shavings. At current bedding values, use for particleboard appears a less favorable alternative. However, this could be overcome by large-volume, long-term contractual arrangements that provide a secure long-term outlet for excess ADBF fiber that may otherwise not have value. For a particleboard operation, the opportunity for fiber diversification and the incorporation of post-industrial waste in the process offer strategic advantages.
Chemical and thermal stability of rice husks against alkali treatment
Authors: Ndazi Bwire S. , Nyahumwa Christian , Tesha Joseph
Published: July 2023

Chemical and thermal stability of rice husks against alkali treatment with 2 to 8% w/v NaOH are presented and discussed in this paper. The thermal stability of the rice husks was examined by using a thermal gravimetric analysis instrument. Chemical stability was evaluated by examining the organic components of rice husks using proximate analysis. The results indicated that the proportion of lignin and hemicellulose in rice husks treated with NaOH ranging from 4 to 8% decreased significantly by 96% and 74%, respectively. The thermal stability and final degradation temperatures of the alkali-treated rice husks were also lowered by 24-26°C due to degradation of hemicellulose and lignin during alkali treatment. Absence of the onset degradation zones in the alkali-treated rice husks was a further indication that hemicellulose and other volatile substances degraded during alkali treatment. This leads to a conclusion that alkali treatment of rice husks with more than 4% NaOH causes a substantial chemical degradation of rice husks, which subsequently decreases their thermal stability.
Stories From 55 Years of a Transatlantic Friendship / Geschichten aus 55 Jahren transatlantischer Freundschaft
Authors: Conway Jill Ker , Fischer-Appelt Peter
Published: July 2023

The origin of this story of origins is the celebration, in June 2011, that took place in Hamburg to mark the fiftieth anniversary of the Smith College Junior Year Program at the University of Hamburg. We wanted to replicate in print what we witnessed in person: the voicing of vivid memories that were never identical but invariably familiar; the effortless manner in which people from two institutions and two countries met and mingled; the wisdom and wit with which participants reflected on the profound effect of studying and teaching thousands of miles away from home. We wanted a record of how this remarkable program came into being and of how people over the decades have responded to and remembered what is an exchange in the truest sense. The ease with which we were able to collect some 40 contributions testifies to the strong ties between Smith College and the University of Hamburg – between Northampton and Hamburg. The essays in this volume capture the regular and lively talk between our institutions and cities.
Vertrauen, Solidarität und Emotionen in Non-Profit-Organisationen
Authors: Weggen Jenny
Published: July 2023

Non-Profit-Organisationen sind Orte hoher Emotionalität, in denen Vertrauen als Steuerungsmechanismus des organisationalen Miteinanders sowie Solidarität als Handlungsmaxime entscheidende Bedeutungen zukommen. Diese drei interagierenden sozialen Phänomene Emotionalität, Vertrauen und Solidarität wirken kooperationsfördernd und stellen eine wichtige Bedingung für die Funktionsfähigkeit von NPOs dar. Nach einer theoretischen Verortung untersucht die vorliegende Forschungsarbeit im Rahmen einer qualitativen Studie die Entstehungsbedingungen und Funktionen sowie ihre Wechselwirkungen im Organisationsgeschehen in Organisationen des Dritten Sektors in Deutschland.
Effect of genotype-environment interaction on some important quality parameters of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Tsenov N. , Gubatov T. , Yanchev I.
Published: July 2023

Abstract. In ecological field experiment involving common wheat varieties, several quality parameters were analyzed, which express different aspects of grain quality. Objective of the study was to establish in detail the main relations about the influence of the conditions (location and year) and their interaction with the genotype on each of the parameters, separately. The accepted hypothesis was that the growing conditions have a different strength and direction of effect on each parameter, which should ultimately be reflected in a unique way on the performance of each variety of the studied group. In four locations, which represent a sample of the main grain-producing regions of the country, twenty-four varieties of common winter wheat were investigated. Five indexes of grain quality were analyzed as follows: Sedimentation index (Zeleny); Deformation energy (W); P/L alveograph configuration ratio (P/L); Swelling index (G); Dough stability time (Dstab). All possible aspects of the interaction of genotype (GEN), environment (ENV) as well as the interaction between them (GEN*ENV) were investigated. Statistical approaches and methods that are specialized for this purpose were used. Each of the three main factors – “location”, “year” and “genotype” influenced the variation of the group of varieties through the changes of the conditions, independently and in combination with each other. In this combination of effects expressed as (GEN*ENV) the most essential role was the “location”. The established significant interaction caused an adequate (linear) and inadequate (non-linear) change of the varieties, relative to those of the conditions. For the majority of parameters, this change was mostly linear (PC1=70%), with the exception of the P/L (alveograph configuration ratio), where both effects had parity (PC1≈PC2-4). The environments in the locations during individual seasons had high degree of repeatability (H2=0.75 – 0.94), which allows a high degree of prediction of the values of each single parameter. All parameters were affected to varying degrees by the studied factors and the interaction between them. The influence of the conditions was relatively the strongest on the Dough stability time index (Dstab), and the Swelling index (G) was most closely related to the genetic predisposition of the variety. The effects of the interaction of the genotype with the environments (GEN*ENV) made up about 20-30% of the total variation of three of the parameters, for Deformation energy index (W) the effect reached 40%, and for the Dough stability time index (Dstab) it was only about 13%. The environments during the seasons were the cause of a dynamic change of the correlations between the yield and some of the parameters, in some of the locations studied. Probably, this was directly dependent on the specific combination between the levels of extraction and the level of a given parameter.
ANALISIS TERHADAP CETAK BIRU BANK INDONESIA PERIODE 2002-2011 UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN PERBANKAN SYARIAH INDONESIA
Authors: Rahmawati Lilik
Published: July 2023

Research entitled â€œAnalysis of the blue print of bank Indonesia for the development of Sharia banking in Indonesia period 2002-2011â€ aims to find out the blueprint of Islamic banking 2002-2011 issued by Central Bank of Indonesia, described the already realized targets of the blueprint of Islamic banking and those which not yet realized, also find out the factor which causes the targets the blueprint of Islamic banking were unrealized. This research is a descriptive research with in-depth analysis method. Data collection methods used was observations and interviews. The results showed that the targets of Indonesian Central Bankâ€™s blue print covering the four things; first, adherence to the principles of Sharia; second, prudence; third, the improvement of operational efficiency and high competitiveness; fourth; stability and expediency of Islamic banking system for the economy.
Blueprint objectives outlined in the strategic initiatives that are generally already implemented include: improving the understanding of Islamic finance, facilitating the formulation of norms of Islamic finance, conducting studies in surveillance and integrated arrangement system, refining the provisions of office network, developing â€œexit and entryâ€ policy settings, enhancing the quality of human resources, creating strategic alliances with related agencies, devising the concept of the â€œtakafulâ€ deposit, pushing the involvement if rater institutions in banking activities, and encouraging an increasing in the role of financing with profit-loss sharing method.
The objectives outlined in the strategic initiatives that have not been implemented were: the development of the concept of incentives for adherence to the principles of the Sharia, the development of real time supervision, the fulfillment of the needs of people who want Sharia banking services throughout Indonesia with 5% market share, the materializing of the Islamic banking â€œkaffahâ€ functions, and the ability to serve all segments of the community.
The factors those cause unimplemented strategic initiatives were the lack of knowledge and understanding of the people about Islamic banking; the lack of human resources with sufficient skill and capability in Islamic economy especially about the laws relating to Islamic banking, the scarcity of funds for socialization and information technology needs, also the assumption of 5% market share defined in accordance with the fact that the current Islamic banks consumers arenâ€™t only muslims but also non-Muslim community
PENGUATAN EKONOMI UMAT MELALUI LEMBAGA KEAGAMAAN
Authors: Anwar Moch. Khoirul
Published: July 2023

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OPERASIONALISASI PRODUK TABUNGAN MUDHARABAH DAN APLIKASINYA DI BRI SYARIAH CABANG SURABAYA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Yazid Muhammad
Published: July 2023

This paper is the result of field research on the operationalization of mudharabah savings product and the reasons for its application in Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) Sharia branch of Surabaya. This study aims to answer questions about the operationalization of mudharabah savings product at BRI Sharia branch of  Surabaya  and the reasons for the application of the savings product in the bank, as well as how the Islamic legal review of the the operationalization of mudharabah savings product at BRI Sharia branch of Surabaya and the reasons for its application.
In this study, the method used is verificative descriptive which illustrates the operationalization of savings product and the reasons for its application in the Surabaya branch of BRI Sharia and then performed an assessment of that operationalization.
From the results of the study can be obtained that the operationalization of savings product at BRI Sharia Surabaya branch of has implemented the principle of omudharabah. Furthermore, in the view of Islamic law, the operationalization was pursuant to the principles of mudharabah as determined by it.
The implementation of mudharabah principle in the BRI Sharia on the grounds that with the application of it, people are more interested in the profit-sharing, where the bank and the customer do not feel disadvantaged (gains and losses are shared), because from the beginning of the contract, the profit sharing ratio is determined, so it will create distributive justice. Furthermore, the application of these savings product is charged with tax and zakat on the results obtained from the savings.
With the operation of mudharabah savings at BRI Sharia branch of Surabaya, Muslims are expected to participate and be proactive in supporting and assist the development of this product. It means that Indonesian Muslims have been trying to avoid usury in their muamalah activities and more than that the bank are expected to develop and improve its products, especially funding product, so it can compete with the funding products of conventional banks, then the Islamic banks may be qualified.
WAQF AND ITS CONTRIBUTION IN EDUCATION IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Asrohah Hanun
Published: July 2023

In classical Islamic education endowments have a close relationship with waqf institutions. Waqf institutions were financial resources for the activities of Islamic education that Islamic education could evolve rapidly. The existence of the Islamic waqf institution was caused by the Islamic economic system, which assumes that the economy was closely linked to the Muslims faith. Beside that, a balance between the economy and the welfare of Muslime people so that economic activities represented of worship and waqf became a way to closer to Allah and the common good. Therefore, when the Islamic economic progress, Muslims did not hesitate to spend money for the sake of religion and the welfare of Muslims. Driven by the teachings of Islam that respects the function of education for the advancement of religion and state, they feel compelled to spend their wealth for the implementation of education, and ultimately developing advanced Islamic education.
Because of loving knowledge, raises the need to develop education by establishing institutions to teach and develop the science. With spearheaded by the Islamic rulers who love science, such as Harun al-Rashid and al-Ma'mun, stand up educational institutions for scientific activities, such as translation activities established by Harun al-Rashid, who at the time of al-Ma ' But the operation is perfect that resulted in the establishment Bait al-Hikmah. In further developments, the need to establish educational institutions create ideas about the need for charitable organizations that will be a source of financial institutions.
Endowments role in supporting the implementation of education. With endowments, Muslims get the ease of study. Because of endowments, Islamic education  was not too demanding a lot of cost for students so that they are either poor or rich have the opportunity to learned equally. Therefore, students and teachers were encouraged to perform a scientific journey.
ZAKAT INSTITUTION UNDER THE GOVERNMENT: POLITICAL INTEREST, CHARITY AND RESISTANCE
Authors: Huda Yasrul
Published: July 2023

This article investigates an involvement of the government of the Municipaltiy of Padang in West Sumatra in managing zakat institution, namely BAZDA (Badan Amil Zakat Daerah). It argues that the intentions of the mayor in managing the zakat institution aimed to provide an alternative financial source in order to support his position at the mayor. Zakat payers (Muzakki), collector (Ê¿amil), kinds of property obligated to pay its zakat (mÄl) and recipients (mustaá¸¥iq) are mainly the matters that link to his authority. The zakat revenue initially was mainly distributed to recipients in form of charity, but since 2010 it has gradually shifted to financialize busninesse run by the poor and needy. The mayor received resistances from many people, but they are mainly in form of individual resistance that are lacking to force the mayor to change his policy.  In addition, the emerging resistance is rooted in different values between the mayor and resisters.
PENGARUH TINGKAT PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH TERHADAP TINGKAT RASIO PROFITABILITAS PADA KOPERASI JASA KEUANGAN SYARIAH (KJKS) MANFAAT SURABAYA
Authors: Buchori Imam , Prasetyo Aji
Published: July 2023

Many financial institutions those were born with the Shariah-based in Indonesia--including non-bank financial institutions, among them are Islamic insurance, Shariah pawnshop, Shariah financial services cooperatives, and more. Shariah-compliant financial services cooperatives (KJKS) Manfaat Surabaya is still classified as "new" in Indonesia, in which retained the principle of kinship as a guide of the cooperative itself. Various systems were much changed, from conventional systems to the Islamic system, especially in terms of contract and financial accounting standards. Then came the question, whether the views of society and the level of public confidence as well as different? Of course a lot of things to be able to prove from the above questions, one of which is the level of profitability, as well as a large number of levels KJKS Groove financing given to the community. The greater the level of profitability means the level of public confidence about the existence of KJKS in Indonesia also getting bigger. Many financing products of KJKS Manfaat are given to the public, one of which is the mudharabah financing which is very influential on the profit orientation of each financial institution of Sharia. This research is the kind of quantitative research with data analysis using simple regression and t tests to find out the significance of the influence of mudharabah financing against a ratio of profitability in KJKS Manfaat Surabaya.
EXISTENCE OF VENTURE CAPITAL
Authors: Sulistyowati Sulistyowati
Published: July 2023

to contain the risk for investment through venture capital mechanism is not accompanied by a guarantee (collateral) so that prudence is needed by venture capital firms in selecting prospective venture is to be serve its business partners, in addition to a venture capital financing business is multidimensional ie as financial institutions (financial institution), Institute for equity investment company (corporate institution) and the Institute for entrepreneurs helper weak (humanistic institution).
Venture capital in the financing of such financing has several characteristics aimed primarily at small companies or are new, but it has great potential to grow and has bright prospects, the field of technology or non-technology or business containing new breakthroughs which have difficulty in obtaining bank credit, pembiaayan who do venture capital temporary (generally long-term of 5 (five) to 10 (ten) years) to be divested its time, venture capital firms involved in corporate management pasanagn financed business, financing is not in the form of loans (loan) but inclusion capital (equity participation), given the high-risk financing for venture capital (risk capital) is not backed by collateral (collateral) so that the main motive is the finance business to profit (capital gain) is relatively high in return high risk financing, venture capital firms keuali which is funded from the government (public sector funds), PT Bahana.
The parties involved in the venture capital financing Venture Capital Company (PMV) which is a party to provide financial assistance to companies that need funds. Couples who keduaPerusahaan Enterprises (PPU) as companies that need assistance to be able to expand its business dam that ketigaPihak Funders consisting of Bank Captive Fund, Investment Funds Captive Institution, Independent Funds, Public Sector Funds, International Funds, and funds from other sources, ie from other financial companies such sale of shares in the stock market, bonds, and other Iain, the four parties Accountant Publik.Adapun type of financing venture capital firm committed to his business partner companies there are three types namely Equity (Equity Participation), Obligasi Konversi (ConvertibleBond) and Sharing (profit and loss sharing)
PERAN PEMERINTAH AMERIKA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Kuba Amiruddin
Published: July 2023

Today, the development of Islamic economics has impacted not only in moslem countries but also in non moslem countries particularly in United State of America (USA).The evidence of itwhere there is a number of Islamic finance and banking significantly in Indonesia. The progress of Islamic economics is influenced by many factors. One of them is the role of the government in supporting and responding it emergence.Each country has different method and system in responding and to accommodate the emergence of Islamic economics.As a capitalistcountry, the USA has itself challenge to response the emergence of Islamic economics.One of the concernsisrelatedto the sustainability of Islamic economic.Such worriness might be because of some people still think that Islamic economics is Islam itself.While the USA government applies secular system that separate state and religion. On the contrary, a number of people still optimism that the Islamic economics will be developed and accommodated even the USA is the capitalist and secular country.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI TAKE OVER PADA PEMBIAYAAN HUNIAN SYARIAH
Authors: Purwanto Adi
Published: July 2023

Rumah merupakan salah satu kebutuhan terpenting manusia untuk dapat melangsungkan kehidupan yang layak. Hadirnya perbankan syariah Salah satunya adalah PT. Bank Muamalat Indonesia sebagai bank syariah pertama di Indonesia juga mengeluarkan produk dalam rangka memperluas segmentasi pembiayaan disektor properti dengan menerbitkan produk KPR yang sesuai dengan prinsip syariah.  Penelitian ini untuk menjawab rumusan masalah yakni, bagaimana implementasi take over pada Pembiayaan Hunian Syariah di PT. Bank Muamalat Indonesia Cabang Pembantu Mojokerto dan faktor-faktor apakah yang mempengaruhi nasabah melakukan take over pada Pembiayaan Hunian Syariah di PT. Bank Muamalat Indonesia Cabang Pembantu Mojokerto. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (Field Research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data penelitian ini dihimpun melalui observasi, wawancara, angket dan dokumentasi. Data-data yang dikumpulkan selanjutnya dianalisis secara diskriptif kualitatif dengan pola pikir deduktif yang berangkat dari fakta-fakta yang bersifat umum dan akhirnya dikemukakan pemecahan persoalan yang bersifat khusus. Jika dilihat dengan pandangan ekonomi Islam terkait take over yang dilakukan Bank Muamalat Indonesia Cabang Pembantu Mojokerto, maka proses tersebut sudah sesuai dengan syariah karena pelaksanaan pembiayaan berdasarkan take over pada Pembiayaan Hunian Syariah melibatkan dua akad yang tidak bersamaan pada satu waktu yaitu akad qard} terlebih dahulu kemudian diakhiri dengan pemberian akad mura>bah}ah. Untuk faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi nasabah melakukan take over pada Pembiayaan Hunian Syariah dari bank konvensional ke Bank Muamalat Indonesia Cabang Pembantu Mojokerto meliputi beberapa faktor diantaranya: produk Pembiayaan Hunian Syariah telah sesuai dengan prinsip syariah, angsuran tetap hingga lunas, bebas dari bunga bank, rekomendasi dari teman/kerabat, dan lokasi bank yang mudah dijangkau.
Jual Beli Followers, Likes, Viewers di Instagram Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Choiru Bhariatta Elsava , Nur Rufaidah Ica , Richa Adnina Maziyyah
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lebih dalam tentang jual beli online yang saat ini sudah banyak dikenal oleh masyarakat. Banyak fenomena yang terjadi pada salah satu media sosial berupa Instagram yaitu tempat yang paling popular untuk penjualan secara online dan untuk mempopulerkan akun.  Dalam jual beli online di Instagram ini para seller (pedagang) banyak yang memanfaatkan jasa jual beli followers, likes, dan viewers di Instagram agar online shop mereka dikenal banyak orang dan lebih dipercaya. Selain itu, tidak sedikit fenomena yang menyalahgunakan jual beli followers, likes, dan viewers ini untuk sarana penipuan online.
Dalam penelitian ini kami menggunakan metode kualitatif yang berlandasan kajian literasi dan obeservasi penulis. Dalam artikel ini, penulis ingin menganalisis tentang hukum praktik jualbeli followers, likes dan viewers di Instagram agar dapat digunakan oleh praktisi yang memiliki online shop agar tidak menyalahgunakan hal ini dan juga tambahan khazanah literasi. Menurut beberapa sumber naá¹£-naá¹£ al-Qurâ€™an dan Hadis dan logika kaidah fikih, bahwa hukum jual beli followers, likes, dan viewers di Instagram adalah mubah selama tidak disalahgunakan untuk sarana penipuan.
Penyelesaian Pembatalan Akad Istishna’ Pada Jual Beli Bibit Hortikultura di Desa Pranggang Kecamatan Plosoklaten Kabupaten Kediri Perspektif Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Kalimah Siti , Muzdalifah Qurrotul
Published: July 2023

This study aims to describe the practice, causes and resolution of the cancellation of the Istiṣnā’ contract in the sale and purchase of horticultural seeds in Pranggang Village, Plosoklaten District, Kediri Regency. Istiṣnā’ contract cancellation was experienced by almost 50% of the sellers out of a total of 48 sellers there. This study uses field research with the type of research that is a case study. The research method uses descriptive qualitative research. The collecting data using the method of observation, interviews and observations. The results of this study are; 1) The practice of the Istiṣnā’ contract on the buying and selling of horticultural plant seeds in Pranggang Village has fulfilled the pillars and conditions of the Istiṣnā’ contract so that the practice of the contract is punished as a valid sale and purchase contract; 2) The factor of cancelling the Istiṣnā’ contract on the sale and purchase of horticultural seeds in Pranggang Village is due to default and overmatch factors; 3) Completion of cancelling the Istiṣnā’ contract on the sale and purchase of horticultural seeds in Pranggang Village is divided into two. That is unilateral cancellation by paying compensation (down payment (DP) is non-refundable) and cancellation on the willingness of both parties (DP is refundable). The completion of the cancellation of the Istishna contract on the sale and purchase of horticultural plant seeds in Pranggang Village, Plosoklaten District, Kediri Regency is in accordance with the settlement according to the Sharia Economic Law Compilation.
Cooperation Between Russia and Norway: Strengthening Dialogue in the Arctic
Authors:   University of Mumbai, Bhagwat Jawahar , Rogachev Ivan ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov
Published: July 2023

This study analyzes the degree of influence of international tension due to anti-Russian sanctions on relations between Russia and Norway at the governmental and regional levels, including political, economic, environmental, cultural, and other spheres. The authors begin by discussing how Norway’s accession to anti-Russian sanctions and active involvement in NATO have affected bilateral relations, especially in the economic and political spheres. The presented work is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. The methodological framework for writing the article is the model of neoliberal institutionalism and constructivism. The source base of the study, in addition to publications in periodicals, consists of official documents regulating the foreign policy activities of Russia and Norway. The article attempts to structure the relations of the two Arctic neighbouring countries under new international conditions by highlighting two levels of interaction – governmental and regional – as well as critical elements, including issues of economic cooperation, mutual sanctions, cooperation in the field of environmental protection and fisheries, cooperation between the two countries in Spitsbergen, cooperation in science, culture, and education; and regional cooperation between Russia and Norway in the North and the Arctic. The article discusses to what extent security issues affect the development of the Russian-Norwegian dialogue in using the NSR as a transport route and problematic issues around Spitsbergen. Finally, the authors consider what practical measures are being taken by Russia and Norway to mitigate the general international tension in the bilateral dialogue using public diplomacy in the framework of strengthening and expanding contacts through the Barents Cooperation and interaction at the level of municipalities as well as universities in Russia and Norway. The authors conclude that notwithstanding geopolitical tensions, regional cooperation due to common borders, cultural and historical heritage, and the geo-economic relationship could be the primary drivers for the revival of ties between the two countries. Authors’ contribution. Jawahar Vishnu Bhagwat developed the concept of the study and worked out its theoretical and methodological foundations. I.V. Rogachev analyzed the policies of Russia and Norway in various areas of bilateral cooperation and formulated the final conclusions.
Regional Security in Central Asia After the Return of the Taliban to Power: Challenges and Threats, Scenarios
Authors:   Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kyrgyz Republic named after K. Dikambaev, Dzhorobekova Ainur , Troitskiy Evgeny ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Yun Sergey ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Timoshenko Alexey ,   National Research Tomsk State University
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The article focuses on reconstructing the major parameters of the complex of challenges and threats to post-Soviet Central Asia regional security that has emerged in the wake of or in direct connection with the radical change of the situation in Afghanistan after August 2021. These challenges and threats have developed across several functional and territorial dimensions and require a comprehensive analysis followed by the building of scenarios for their evolution. Methods and materials. The research relies on the regional security complex theory developed by Barry Buzan and Ole Waever. The methodological toolkit includes external indirect observation, political descriptive and historical genetic methods, scenario building. The research materials include official statements, news briefs, expert opinions, periodicals, academic papers. Analysis. The authors have analyzed the geostrategic, regional-strategic, regional-economic, and regional-societal dimensions of the challenges and threats to Central Asian regional security generated by the changes in Afghanistan and have built scenarios of their evolution. The major geostrategic challenge is the exacerbation of U.S. – Chinese contradictions centered on the influence of the Taliban factions. The key regional-strategic threat is the risk of the Afghan conflict spilling over into Tajikistan or Turkmenistan. The regional-economic challenges include the risks of blocking trans-Afghan transport, pipeline, and electricity transmission projects. The regional-societal risks consist of the dissemination of radical Islamist ideologies from Afghanistan throughout Central Asia. The two basic scenarios of the regional security evolution are inertia or a resumption of a full-scale civil war in Afghanistan. Results. The authors have worked out sets of recommendations for regional policymakers and the intergovernmental bodies whose functions include maintaining security and stability in Central Asia. Authors’ contribution. A.E. Dzhorobekova has developed the general concept of the article and organized the research. E.F. Troitskiy has focused on the analysis of threats and challenges to regional security. S.M. Yun has developed scenarios for regional security situations. A.G. Timoshenko has formulated the relevant recommendations.
Trust of Modern Russian Youth in Political Institutions in Conditions of Crisis Shocks
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Morozov Sergey , Makarenko Kirill ,   Volgograd State University
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the interaction between government and society in modern Russia, expressed in the phenomenon of trust. The focus of the authors’ attention is directed to the study of the impact of crisis upheavals (the COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of the Special Military Operation in Ukraine) on the change in the trust of the population of the Russian Federation in the main political institutions. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to fix the existing forms of interaction between the authorities and society as well as identify the prospects for changing these practices in the perspective of society’s transition to a post-crisis state. Methods and materials. The methodological basis of the study was the neo-institutional approach, which made it possible to present trust because of the activity of political institutions in building and observing the “rules of the game.” The empirical basis of the study is public opinion polls conducted by the largest Russian sociological centers. Analysis and results. Trust in political institutions is presented as an important phenomenon of civilized societies, characterizing the importance of rules rather than specific personalities. The study revealed that in Russia, crisis situations, which are institutionally determined trajectories caused by external shocks that change the “rules of the game” that have developed in society and forms of communication with the authorities, are a condition for an exponential growth of trust (both generalized and institutional). At the same time, during crises, an increase in the level of trust is observed even for institutions that are traditionally criticized by most of society (such as the government and the State Duma). The youth, being reactionary and variable in their political behavior, show increased trust in political institutions. However, if adult trust is based on emotional hope for the future, youth trust is usually based on rational grounds. Yet a sharp increase in trust in the main political institutions during crises can be replaced by the same rapid decline in the conditions of “normality” when the traditional problems of socio-economic development again come to the fore on the agenda formed by society. Authors’ contributions. S.I. Morozov carried out an analysis of studies on institutional trust in modern Russia, chose and substantiated the theoretical and methodological framework of the work, and also formed the general concept of the study. K.M. Makarenko summarized and analyzed empirical data on the research topic, substantiated the role and impact of crisis shocks on institutional trust in the Russian Federation, and formulated the main conclusions of the work.