bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stable and efficient transfer-printing including repair using a GaN-based microscale light-emitting diode array for deformable displays
Authors: Park Jun-Beom , Lee Keon Hwa , Han Sang Hoon , Chung Tae Hun , Kwak Moon Kyu , Rho Hokyun , Jeong Tak , Ha Jun-Seok
Published: August 2019

GaN-based microscale light-emitting diodes (μLEDs) are reported for assembly into deformable displays and repair systems. A stamp-imprinting method that enables large area assembly without spatial limitation is involved in the system, and a selective pick-up method is presented that includes a method for removing detected defective chips through micro-pulsed laser scanning. The photosensitive functional material, which is an accepted layer for the stable imprinting of chips, is determined by controlling the adhesion. In addition, selective pick-up and adhesion-controlled functional materials allow the implementation of defect-free displays through two pick-and-place cycles. Displays and related systems fabricated with this method can offer interesting optical and electrical properties.
The Electro-Optical Performance of Silver Nanowire Networks
Authors: Manning Hugh G. , da Rocha Claudia Gomes , Callaghan Colin O’ , Ferreira Mauro S. , Boland John J.
Published: August 2019

Networks of metallic nanowires have the potential to meet the needs of next-generation device technologies that require flexible transparent conductors. At present, there does not exist a first principles model capable of predicting the electro-optical performance of a nanowire network. Here we combine an electrical model derived from fundamental material properties and electrical equations with an optical model based on Mie theory scattering of light by small particles. This approach enables the generation of analogues for any nanowire network and then accurately predicts, without the use of fitting factors, the optical transmittance and sheet resistance of the transparent electrode. Predictions are validated using experimental data from the literature of networks comprised of a wide range of aspect ratios (nanowire length/diameter). The separation of the contributions of the material resistance and the junction resistance allows the effectiveness of post-deposition processing methods to be evaluated and provides a benchmark for the minimum attainable sheet resistance. The predictive power of this model enables a material-by-design approach, whereby suitable systems can be prescribed for targeted technology applications.
MMP12 Inhibits Corneal Neovascularization and Inflammation through Regulation of CCL2
Authors: Wolf Marie , Clay Selene M. , Zheng Siyu , Pan Peipei , Chan Matilda F.
Published: August 2019

Following corneal injury, coordinated cellular and protein interactions occur at the wound site to restore tissue homeostasis. Regulation of this response is required to prevent the development of chronic inflammation, abnormal neovascularization, and fibrosis. The chemokine CCL2 and its primary receptor CCR2 are key regulators of the inflammatory and neovascular responses to injury. In this study, we investigated the role of macrophage-associated matrix metalloproteinase 12 (MMP12) in the regulation of CCL2 and CCR2 after corneal wounding. Using two corneal injury models, we examined the temporal and spatial expression of CCL2 and CCR2 in Mmp12−/− and wild-type (WT) mice. Our data showed that MMP12 downregulated CCL2 and CCR2 expression in a manner dependent on the timing and mechanism of injury. We also examined the effect of CCL2 on the injury response in Mmp12−/− and WT corneas. We found that macrophage infiltration and neovascularization following CCL2 blockade was significantly reduced in Mmp12−/− corneas as compared with WT corneas. These findings indicate that MMP12 inhibits corneal inflammation and neovascularization after injury through its regulation of CCL2.
Detection of introduced and resident marine species using environmental DNA metabarcoding of sediment and water
Authors: Holman Luke E. , de Bruyn Mark , Creer Simon , Carvalho Gary , Robidart Julie , Rius Marc
Published: August 2019

Environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys are increasingly being used for biodiversity monitoring, principally because they are sensitive and can provide high resolution community composition data. Despite considerable progress in recent years, eDNA studies examining how different environmental sample types can affect species detectability remain rare. Comparisons of environmental samples are especially important for providing best practice guidance on early detection and subsequent mitigation of non-indigenous species. Here we used eDNA metabarcoding of COI (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) and 18S (nuclear small subunit ribosomal DNA) genes to compare community composition between sediment and water samples in artificial coastal sites across the United Kingdom. We first detected markedly different communities and a consistently greater number of distinct operational taxonomic units in sediment compared to water. We then compared our eDNA datasets with previously published rapid assessment biodiversity surveys and found excellent concordance among the different survey techniques. Finally, our eDNA surveys detected many non-indigenous species, including several newly introduced species, highlighting the utility of eDNA metabarcoding for both early detection and temporal / spatial monitoring of non-indigenous species. We conclude that careful consideration on environmental sample type is needed when conducting eDNA surveys, especially for studies assessing community change.
Maternal Exposure to Housing Renovation During Pregnancy and Risk of Offspring with Congenital Malformation: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: Motoki Noriko , Inaba Yuji , Shibazaki Takumi , Misawa Yuka , Ohira Satoshi , Kanai Makoto , Kurita Hiroshi , Nakazawa Yozo , Tsukahara Teruomi , Nomiyama Tetsuo ,   The Japan Environment & Children’s Study (JECS) Group, Kawamoto Toshihiro , Saito Hirohisa , Kishi Reiko , Yaegashi Nobuo , Hashimoto Koichi , Mori Chisato , Ito Shuichi , Yamagata Zentaro , Inadera Hidekuni , Kamijima Michihiro , Nakayama Takeo , Iso Hiroyasu , Shima Masayuki , Hirooka Yasuaki , Suganuma Narufumi , Kusuhara Koichi , Katoh Takahiko
Published: August 2019

There have been no large, nationwide, birth cohort studies in Japan examining the effects of house renovation during pregnancy on congenital abnormality. This study examined the impact of (1) prenatal exposure to house renovation and (2) maternal occupational exposure to organic solvents and/or formaldehyde on the incidence of congenital abnormality. The fixed data of 67,503 singleton births from a large national birth cohort study that commenced in 2011 were used to evaluate the presence of congenital abnormalities and potential confounding factors. We employed multiple logistic regression analysis to search for correlations between maternal exposure to house renovation or organic solvents and/or formaldehyde during pregnancy and such congenital abnormalities as congenital heart disease, cleft lip and/or palate, male genital abnormality, limb defect, and gastrointestinal obstruction. After controlling for potential confounding factors, we observed that house renovation was significantly associated with male genital abnormality (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.03-3.17, P = 0.04) when stratified by congenital abnormality, with no other remarkable relations to house renovation or occupational use of organic solvents and/or formaldehyde during pregnancy. There were also significant correlations for maternal BMI before pregnancy, history of ovulation induction through medication, maternal diabetes mellitus/gestational diabetes mellitus, and hypertensive disorder of pregnancy with an increased risk of congenital abnormality. In conclusion, this large nationwide survey provides important information on a possible association of house renovation during pregnancy with congenital male genital abnormality which needs confirmation in future studies.
Variable impact of the hemagglutinin polybasic cleavage site on virulence and pathogenesis of avian influenza H7N7 virus in chickens, turkeys and ducks
Authors: Scheibner David , Ulrich Reiner , Fatola Olanrewaju I. , Graaf Annika , Gischke Marcel , Salaheldin Ahmed H. , Harder Timm C. , Veits Jutta , Mettenleiter Thomas C. , Abdelwhab Elsayed M.
Published: August 2019

Avian influenza viruses (AIV) are classified into 16 hemagglutinin (HA; H1-H16) and 9 neuraminidase (NA; N1-N9) subtypes. All AIV are low pathogenic (LP) in birds, but subtypes H5 and H7 AIV can evolve into highly pathogenic (HP) forms. In the last two decades evolution of HPAIV H7 from LPAIV has been frequently reported. However, little is known about the pathogenesis and evolution of HP H7 from LP ancestors particularly, in non-chicken hosts. In 2015, both LP and HP H7N7 AIV were isolated from chickens in two neighbouring farms in Germany. Here, the virulence of these isogenic H7N7 LP, HP and LP virus carrying a polybasic HA cleavage site (HACS) from HP (designated LP-Poly) was studied in chickens, turkeys and different duck breeds. The LP precursor was avirulent in all birds. In contrast, all inoculated and contact chickens and turkeys died after infection with HP. HP infected Pekin and Mallard ducks remained clinically healthy, while Muscovy ducks exhibited moderate depression and excreted viruses at significantly higher amounts. The polybasic HACS increased virulence in a species-specific manner with intravenous pathogenicity indices of 3.0, 1.9 and 0.2 in chickens, turkeys and Muscovy ducks, respectively. Infection of endothelial cells was only observed in chickens. In summary, Pekin and Mallard were more resistant to HPAIV H7N7 than chickens, turkeys and Muscovy ducks. The polybasic HACS was the main determinant for virulence and endotheliotropism of HPAIV H7N7 in chickens, whereas other viral and/or host factors play an essential role in virulence and pathogenesis in turkeys and ducks.
Corporeal Compression at the Onset of Septic shock (COCOONs): a compression method to reduce fluid balance of septic shock patients
Authors: Dargent Auguste , Large Audrey , Soudry-Faure Agnès , Doise Jean-Marc , Abdulmalak Caroline , Jonval Lysiane , Andreu Pascal , Roudaut Jean-Baptiste , Prin Sébastien , Charles Pierre-Emmanuel , Payen Didier , Quenot Jean-Pierre ,   The COCOONs study group, Hamet Maël , Poussant Thomas , Delorme Martial , Lhoumeau Adrien , Comte Thierry , Bourredjem Abderrahmane
Published: August 2019

Fluid overload in septic intensive care unit (ICU) patients is common and strongly associated with poor outcome. There is currently no treatment for capillary leak, which is mainly responsible for high positive fluid balance (FB) in sepsis. We hypothesized that increasing interstitial pressure with extensive corporeal compression would reduce FB. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of a compression treatment during sepsis. This pilot, two-center, single-arm trial enrolled critically ill, non-surgical, septic patients receiving mechanical ventilation. The therapeutic intervention was the early application of compression bandages on more than 80% of the body surface. The primary outcome was negative net FB on day 7. The primary endpoint was reached in 29 of 45 patients (64%) with available data, for a planned objective of 26. By day 4, cumulative FB was 7280 ml [3300–9700]. SOFA- and aged-matched patients from a historical cohort had a significantly higher FB at 1, 2 and 7 days. Tolerance was good, although low-stage pressure ulcers were observed in 16 patients (26%). No effect on intra-abdominal pressure or respiratory plateau pressure was observed. In conclusion, corporeal compression demonstrated potential efficacy in limiting FB during septic shock, with acceptable feasibility and tolerance.
Relationship between Interhemispheric Inhibition and Dexterous Hand Performance in Musicians and Non-musicians
Authors: Kuo Yi-Ling , Kutch Jason J. , Fisher Beth E.
Published: August 2019

Interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) is essential for dexterous motor control. Small previous studies have shown differences in IHI in musicians compared to non-musicians, but it is not clear whether these differences are robustly linked to musical performance. In the largest study to date, we examined IHI and comprehensive measures of dexterous bimanual performance in 72 individuals (36 musicians and 36 non-musicians). Dexterous bimanual performance was quantified by speed, accuracy, and evenness derived from a series of hand tasks. As expected, musicians significantly outperformed non-musicians. Surprisingly, these performance differences could not be simply explained by IHI, as IHI did not significantly differ between musicians and non-musicians. However, canonical correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between combinations of IHI and performance variables in the musician group. Specifically, we identified that IHI may contribute to the maintenance of evenness regardless of speed, a feature of musical performance that may be driven by practice with a metronome. Therefore, while IHI changes by themselves may not be sufficient to explain superior hand dexterity exhibited by musicians, IHI may be a potential neural correlate for specific features of musical performance.
Resilience of the Gulf Stream path on decadal and longer timescales
Authors: Seidov Dan , Mishonov Alexey , Reagan James , Parsons Rost
Published: August 2019

The Gulf Stream is the upper-ocean limb of a powerful current system known as the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation—the strongest oceanic pacemaker of the Atlantic Ocean and perhaps the entire Earth’s climate. Understanding the long-term variability of the Gulf Stream path is critical for resolving how the ocean, as a climate driver, works. A captivating facet of the Gulf Stream as a large-scale ocean climate phenomenon is its astounding resilience on timescales of decades and longer. Although the Gulf Stream has been vigorously explored over many decades, its long-term constancy deserves further scrutiny using the increased volume of in situ marine observations. We report a new study where the decadal variability of the Gulf Stream north wall (defined by the 15 °C isotherm at 200 m)—the major marker of the Gulf Stream pathway—is analyzed using in situ observations collected over the last 53 years.
Growth patterns during early childhood in children born small for gestational age and moderate preterm
Authors: Lindström Linda , Ahlsson Fredrik , Lundgren Maria , Bergman Eva , Lampa Erik , Wikström Anna-Karin
Published: August 2019

Today we lack knowledge if size at birth and gestational age interact regarding postnatal growth pattern in children born at 32 gestational weeks or later. This population-based cohort study comprised 41,669 children born in gestational weeks 32–40 in Uppsala County, Sweden, between 2000 and 2015. We applied a generalized least squares model including anthropometric measurements at 1.5, 3, 4 and 5 years. We calculated estimated mean height, weight and BMI for children born in week 32 + 0, 35 + 0 or 40 + 0 with birthweight 50th percentile (standardized appropriate for gestational age, sAGA) or 3rd percentile (standardized small for gestational age, sSGA). Compared with children born sAGA at gestational week 40 + 0, those born sAGA week 32 + 0 or 35 + 0 had comparable estimated mean height, weight and BMI after 3 years of age. Making the same comparison, those born sSGA week 32 + 0 or 35 + 0 were shorter and lighter with lower estimated mean BMI throughout the whole follow-up period. Our findings suggest that being born SGA and moderate preterm is associated with short stature and low BMI during the first five years of life. The association seemed stronger the shorter gestational age at birth.
Longitudinal evaluation of the association between Insulin-like growth factor-1, Bone specific alkaline phosphatase and changes in mandibular length
Authors: Tripathi Tulika , Gupta Prateek , Rai Priyank , Sharma Jitender , Gupta Vinod Kumar , Singh Navneet , Verma Mahesh
Published: August 2019

The aim of the current longitudinal study was to assess the levels of serum Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and serum Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in different cervical vertebral maturation index (CVMI) stages and observe their association with the mandibular growth. Blood samples and lateral cephalograms of 63 subjects (age group of 11–17 years) were obtained at two time points, 12 months apart. On the basis of CVMI, all subjects were divided into six groups based on whether the subjects remained in same CVMI stage or transitioned to the next CVMI stage. Annual mandibular length was related with serum BALP and serum IGF-1 levels estimated using ELISA. Serum IGF-1 and BALP attained highest levels at CVMI stage 3 with peak BALP levels observed earlier than IGF-1. Although a positive correlation was determined between IGF-1 and BALP but BALP followed skeletal growth pattern more precisely. Overall IGF-1 and BALP were negatively correlated with mandibular length with notable growth in CVMI groups 3–3 (P < 0.01), 3-4 (P < 0.01), 4-4 (P < 0.001) and 5-5 (P < 0.001). In conclusion, BALP is a potential biomarker for skeletal growth assessment. However, the mandibular growth pattern was independent of changes in IGF-1 and BALP.
Photocapacitive CdS/WOx nanostructures for solar energy storage
Authors: Jones Daniel R. , Phillips Robert , Gannon William J. F. , Rome Bertrand , Warwick Michael E. A. , Dunnill Charles W.
Published: August 2019

Through a facile solvothermal procedure, a CdS/WOx nanocomposite has been synthesised which exhibits photocapacitive behaviour under white light illumination at a radiant flux density of 99.3 mW cm−2. Photoelectrochemical experiments were undertaken to examine the self-charging properties of the material and to develop an understanding of the underlying electronic band structure responsible for the phenomenon. By employing XPS, UPS and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for further characterisation, the ability of the composite to generate current following the removal of incident light was related to the trapping of photoexcited electrons by the WOx component. The presence of WOx yielded an order of magnitude increase in the transient photocurrent response relative to CdS alone, an effect attributed to the suppression of electron-hole recombination in CdS due to hole transfer across the CdS/WOx interface. Moreover, current discharge from the material persisted for more than twenty minutes after final illumination, an order of magnitude improvement over many existing binary composites. As a seminal investigation into the photocapacitive characteristics of CdS/WOx composites, the work offers insight into how the constituent materials might be utilised as part of a future self-charging solar device.
Solvent pulse desorption on-line solid-phase extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of 14 sulfonamides in environmental water samples
Authors: Wang Yu-Chieh , Hsieh Feng-Chun , Wang Jia-Lin , Shu Youn-Yuen
Published: August 2019

We developed a new method for detecting sulfonamides using a manual injection valve, octyl (C8) as the sorbent in a solid-phase extraction column. Use of gradient flow for a solvent pulse can prevent the use of a second pump and a switch valve.
Mono-substitution of symmetric diesters: selectivity of Mycobacterium smegmatis acyltransferase variants
Authors: Finnveden Maja , Semlitsch Stefan , He Oscar , Martinelle Mats
Published: August 2019

Selective mono-substitution of symmetric diesters was demonstrated using an immobilized Mycobacterium smegmatis esterase/acyltransferase (MsAcT) variant.
Degradation of ibuprofen and acetylsulfamethoxazole by multi-walled carbon nanotube catalytic ozonation: surface properties, kinetics and modeling
Authors: Du Mao-Shu , Chen Kuan-Po , Lin Yi-Pin
Published: August 2019

The role of carbon nanotubes in catalytic ozonation was characterized and the kinetics of PPCP degradation was successfully modelled.
Impact of traditional Chinese medicine treatment on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression-like behaviors: intestinal microbiota and gut microbiome function
Authors: Qu Wan , Liu Shuo , Zhang Weijie , Zhu Huawei , Tao Qian , Wang Hua , Yan He
Published: August 2019

Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a recognized contributing factor to many noncommunicable diseases, but more evidence is still needed to illustrate its causative impact on mental and brain health disorders and mechanism(s) for targeted mitigation.
HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS screening of phytochemical compounds and the bioactive properties of different plant parts ofZizyphus lotus(L.) Desf.
Authors: Rached Wahiba , Barros Lillian , Ziani Borhane E. C. , Bennaceur Malika , Calhelha Ricardo C. , Heleno Sandrina A. , Alves Maria José , Marouf Abderrazak , Ferreira Isabel C. F. R.
Published: August 2019

Zizyphus lotusL. (Desf.) presented flavonoids and secoiridoids derivatives and revealed to have cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial potential.
Different solid forms for optimizing route of administration of the herpes drug Pritelivir
Authors: Ruebsamen-Schaeff Helga , Buschmann Helmut
Published: August 2019

In depth knowledge of the physicochemical properties of different salt forms and respective solvates/hydrates has a significant impact on the pharmaceutical dosage form.
Solvent interception, heterocyclization and desilylation upon NBS-induced sulfamidation of trimethyl(vinyl)silane
Authors: Astakhova Vera V. , Moskalik Mikhail Yu. , Shainyan Bagrat A.
Published: August 2019

NBS-induced oxidative sulfamidation of trimethyl(vinyl)silane is strongly solvent and reagent dependent leading to various heterocycles in up to quantitative yield.
Water-soluble, stable and azide-reactive strained dialkynes for biocompatible double strain-promoted click chemistry
Authors: Sharma Krishna , Strizhak Alexander V. , Fowler Elaine , Wang Xuelu , Xu Wenshu , Hatt Jensen Claus , Wu Yuteng , Sore Hannah F. , Lau Yu Heng , Hyvönen Marko , Itzhaki Laura S. , Spring David R.
Published: August 2019

The Sondheimer dialkyne is extensively used in double strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloadditions.
High efficiency above 20% in polymeric thermally activated delayed fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes by a host embedded backbone structure
Authors: Park Yun Hwan , Jang Ho Jin , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: August 2019

A highly efficient polymeric thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) organic light-emitting diode was developed by synthesizing a copolymer with 9-vinylcarbazole (VCz) and TADF repeating units.
Zigzag spin chains in the spin-5/2 antiferromagnet Ba2Mn(PO4)2
Authors: Yogi Arvind , Bera A. K. , Mohan Ashwin , Kulkarni Ruta , Yusuf S. M. , Hoser A. , Tsirlin A. A. , Isobe M. , Thamizhavel A.
Published: August 2019

One-dimensional magnets, where spins interact only along a particular spatial direction, are of special interest due to their quantum mechanical behaviors, viz., spin liquid, spin glass, quantum phase transition, even superconductivity etc.
Exploration of the high temperature phase evolution of electrochemically modified Sc2(WO4)3via potassium discharge
Authors: Liu Junnan , Haworth Abby R. , Johnston Karen E. , Goonetilleke Damian , Sharma Neeraj
Published: August 2019

Electrochemical discharge followed by thermal treatment produces K2WO4 and other phases. K2WO4 features a large negative thermal expansion coefficient between 923–1023 K.
Structural characterization and anti-inflammatory potency of Mesobuthus martensii Karsch oligopeptides in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages
Authors: Zheng Man , Ju Weixian , Chen Jijie , Yuan Yan , Zhang Cuifen , Liu Fang , Zhang Fenglei
Published: August 2019

Scorpion venom represents a significant source of bio-active peptides.
Synergetic effects of graphene–CoPc/silk fibroin three-dimensional porous composites as catalysts for acid red G degradation
Authors: Ma Hui , Zhang Huanxia , Tong Mingqiong , Cao Jianda , Wu Wen
Published: August 2019

The disposal of dye wastewater is one of the hotspots of scientific research, and graphene–CoTAPc–SF composites exhibit more effective catalytic abilities.
Synthesis and evaluation of antimicrobial activity, cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects of novel spiro-4H-pyran derivatives
Authors: Safari Fatemeh , Hosseini Hajar , Bayat Mohammad , Ranjbar Ashkan
Published: August 2019

Evalution of anti-microbial activity, cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects of novel synthesized fused spiro-4H-pyran derivatives.
A thin film nanocomposite membrane with pre-immobilized UiO-66-NH2 toward enhanced nanofiltration performance
Authors: Zhang Xu , Zhang Yufan , Wang Tiecheng , Fan Zheng , Zhang Guoliang
Published: August 2019

A facile controlled interfacial polymerization strategy was proposed for the synthesis of novel thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes for enhanced nanofiltration performance.
Thermostability of protein nanocages: the effect of natural extra peptide on the exterior surface
Authors: Zhang Xiaorong , Zang Jiachen , Chen Hai , Zhou Kai , Zhang Tuo , Lv Chenyan , Zhao Guanghua
Published: August 2019

Ferritin nanocage exhibits hyperthermostability with EP domain located on its outer surface.
In vivomethylation of OLA1 revealed by activity-based target profiling of NTMT1
Authors: Jia Kaimin , Huang Gaochao , Wu Wei , Shrestha Ruben , Wu Bingbing , Xiong Yulan , Li Ping
Published: August 2019

Target profiling of NTMT1 by Hey-SAM revealed that OLA1 undergoes N-terminal methylation catalyzed by NTMT1in vivo.
Unfolding of polymers tethered to viscoelastic substrates
Authors: Bell Samuel , Terentjev Eugene M.
Published: August 2019

The problem of globular polymer unfolding under applied force is a widely-studied fundamental topic in biological and chemical physics, with important applications in cell biology.
Controlled imbibition in a porous medium from a soft wet material (poultice)
Authors: Ben Abdelouahab N. , Gossard A. , Marlière C. , Faure P. , Rodts S. , Coussot P.
Published: August 2019

2D Magnetic Resonance images showing water imbibition from a shrinking paste to a (larger pores) bead packing at different times.
Elucidating metal and ligand redox activities of a copper-benzoquinoid coordination polymer as the cathode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Chang Cheng-Han , Li An-Che , Popovs Ilja , Kaveevivitchai Watchareeya , Chen Jeng-Lung , Chou Kai-Chun , Kuo Ting-Shen , Chen Teng-Hao
Published: August 2019

A novel 1D copper-benzoquinoid coordination polymer with both metal and ligand redox activities delivered a capacity as high as 268 mA h g−1.
Intelligent antibacterial surface based on ionic liquid molecular brushes for bacterial killing and release
Authors: Jin Lunqiang , Shi Zhenqiang , Zhang Xiang , Liu Xiaoling , Li Huiling , Wang Jingxia , Liang Feng , Zhao Weifeng , Zhao Changsheng
Published: August 2019

The prevention of bacteria-induced infections has been increasing in importance in both clinical surgery and biomedical engineering.
The Voicemail Elicitation Task: Functional Workplace Language Assessment for Persons With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Meulenbroek Peter , Cherney Leora R.
Published: August 2019

Purpose

Politeness markers (PMs) are words that enhance cooperativity in dialogue and are an essential component of professional/work communication. Persons with moderate/severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) underuse PMs in connected speech and have employment stability issues. The voicemail elicitation task (VET) is a standardized computerized language sampling procedure measuring PM rate in role-play tasks. Our purpose is to provide preliminary data establishing the potential of a screening assessment tool for professional/work communication.

Method

We measured VET performance using spoken PMs per minute (PMpM). We present data from 63 persons. Forty-three participants with TBI (22–65 years old, ≥ 1-year postinjury) worked in midlevel jobs before their injury and attempted work return after injury at the same job level. Twenty participants with TBI did not maintain work > 1 year (unstably employed), and 23 did maintain work for ≥ 1 year (stably employed). Twenty controls without history of neurological impairment working at the same job level also completed the VET protocol. We analyzed the data using between-group comparison with 1-way analysis of variance and post hoc analysis. We used receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to calculate sensitivity and specificity, as well as an optimal cutoff value for a screening measure.

Results

Group differences,
F
(2, 60) = 19.59,
p
= .0001, η
2
= .376, were identified between unstably employed persons with TBI performing with lower PMpM scores than the stably employed TBI group and the control group. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated a cutoff score of 11.55 PMpM. There was acceptable specificity (0.700, 95% CI [0.499, 0.901]) and sensitivity (0.696, 95% CI [0.508, 0.883]) for a screening tool indicating further assessment of social communication.

Conclusion

The VET holds promise as a clinical screening tool to identify persons at risk for social communication–related job instability after TBI and the need for a more comprehensive social communication assessment.
Hydrogen production equipment‐based supplementary damping control to mitigate subsynchronous oscillation in wind power systems
Authors: Xie Xiaorong , Wang Shuai , Liu Huakun , Zhao Qiang
Published: August 2019

With the increasing penetration of renewables, the modern power system is facing emerging stability issues. A prime example of such issues is the subsynchronous oscillation (SSO) phenomenon observed in large‐scale wind farms. It has been studied that hydrogen production equipment (HPE) has the potential to smooth the fluctuation in generated power. However, it is still unclear whether the HPE can be used to mitigate dynamic stability problems induced by wind generators. This study is aimed at filling the gap by exploring the capability of HPE to damp the emerging SSO. Firstly, the overall configuration of an MW‐scale HPE is presented. Then its electromagnetic transient model is established for system dynamics studies. Next, a supplementary subsynchronous damping control (SSDC) of HPE is proposed to modulate its power absorption at the subsynchronous frequency, which can improve system damping and stabilise SSO. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed SSO mitigation strategy is verified on the simulation model of a practical wind power system that suffered actual SSO incidents. The results demonstrated that the HPE with properly designed SSDC, along with suitable capacity and location, can efficiently mitigate the SSO, thus offers a new option to improve the dynamic stability of renewable power systems.
Active power dispatch strategy of the wind farm based on improved multi‐agent consistency algorithm
Authors: Yao Qi , Hu Yang , Chen Zhe , Liu Ji‐Zhen , Meng Hongming
Published: August 2019

With the increase of wind power penetration in the power system, wind farm (WF) needs to limit active power and accurately track the instructions from the dispatch centre. Since a WF has many distributed wind turbines (WTs), it is a crucial issue to reasonably distribute power reference values to WTs. In this study, a novel active power dispatch (APD) strategy based on dynamic grouping of WTs is proposed. This strategy considers the characteristics and operating conditions of WTs, which can smoothen the power reference values to WTs and reduce fluctuations of key parameters of WTs. Then, a distributed dispatch strategy based on multi‐agent system consistency algorithm (MASCA) is applied for APD, which provides a dispatch strategy for WTs that does not require a centralised control centre. And the segmental virtual consistency algorithm is presented as an improvement of MASCA, which innovatively allows MASCA to support the grouping strategy for APD. Finally, the simulations show that the proposed strategy can enable WTs to obtain smoother reference power to track the dispatching instruction while reducing fluctuations of rotor speed and pitch angle, which is helpful to alleviate the fatigue of WTs. The dispatch strategy also shows good robustness when some communication is interrupted.
Designing of cost minimum substation grounding grid system using DE, SCA, and HDESCA techniques
Authors: Sengar Kaushal Pratap , Chandrasekaran Kandasamy
Published: August 2019

This study presents three optimisation techniques to obtain optimum design of grounding grid with equal and unequal spacing between grid conductors. Different algorithms such as differential evolution (DE), sine–cosine algorithm (SCA) and hybrid DE SCA (HDESCA) are used in the design, and its efficacy are analysed. Aim of the present work is not only to limit the value of safety parameters, also to achieve the optimum grounding system by reducing total cost involved in designing of the grid. Here, necessary safety and security conditions as mentioned in ANSI/IEEE Standard 80–2000 is adopted to design the grounding grid. The cost function used here includes grid depth, dimension of grounding rod, conductor, number of rods and conductors, revetment and excavation area. The economic grounding grid system has been obtained to reduce the total cost related with grid materials, installation, and excavation. The effectiveness of proposed method and its results are theoretically examined with recently reported techniques that ascertain the validity and efficiency. Parameters obtained by DE, SCA, and HDESCA are compared to design the equal and unequal spaced grounding grid. The design based on HDESCA technique gives less cost and minimum safety parameters than those obtained by DE and SCA.
Power optimisation of simultaneously transmitted communication and radar waveforms from a common array
Authors: Liu Xiang , Tan Huaiying , Huang Tianyao , Liu Yimin , Zhou Jie
Published: August 2019

Synthesising radar and communication waveforms in different directions using a common array is a hardware‐saving solution for the coexistence of communication and radar in competitive spectrum environments. Here, the authors establish the problem of designing array probing signal to maximise power of the synthesised communication and radar waveforms, given array transmitting power, under no‐waveform‐error constraint and unit‐modular‐array‐probing‐signal constraint. Alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is used to solve this problem. The results of numerical experiments show that, by solving this problem with ADMM, error of the synthesised waveforms can be completely eliminated, and the power of synthesised waveforms is almost optimal.
High‐efficiency scene classification based on deep compressed‐domain feature
Authors: Li Cheng , Zhao Baojun , Zhao Boya , Wang Wenzheng , Duan Chenhui
Published: August 2019

Remote sensing image (RSI) scene classification has become a more and more fundamental issue in satellite and UAV time‐sensitive applications. However, as the volume and velocity of RSIs are undergoing an explosive growth, traditional effective technologies claim a huge amount of computing resources, on a scale that already goes beyond in‐orbit processing capacity. Here, we attempt to design a deep feature representation framework based on onboard compressed data to solve the aforementioned problem. Firstly, we extract header and body information in raw JPEG2000 codestream for representing geometrical and geospatial property of RSIs. Moreover, a novel compressed‐domain convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed to obtain high‐level representation for effective classification. Extensive experiments demonstrate that, in comparison with the existing relevant state‐of‐the‐art approaches, the proposed method achieves high classification accuracy with faster computation and lower consumption.
Improved FAST corner‐detection method
Authors: Xiong Wenyi , Tian Weiming , Yang Zhijun , Niu Xiaowei , Nie Xiangfei
Published: August 2019

An improved features from accelerated segment test (FAST) corner‐detection method for suppressing SAR image speckle noise is proposed here. The direction of the corner candidate is first computed by the law of universal gravitation and is introduced into corner detection to divide the 16 pixels around the corner candidate into two groups without repeatedly searching. Then, the similarity between the corner candidate and its surrounding pixels is computed to suppress the points affected by SAR speckle noise. Finally, the phenomenon of corner density is eliminated based on non‐maximum suppression. The experimental results show that authors’ method has better suppressing effect compared with FAST‐8 and SIFT corner‐detection methods.
Preparation, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of green tea seed oil nanoemulsions by self‐emulsification method
Authors: Xu Wei , Zhu Dandan , Xu Bin , Huang Lu , Xiong Yongzhao , Ge Peipei , Wang Zhao
Published: August 2019

Application of tea oil in food products has been gained more and more attention for its nutritional advantages and functional properties. This research fabricated green tea seed oil nanoemulsions by the self‐emulsification method through variation of oil and surfactant composition. Finally, in vitro antibacterial assay and antioxidant properties were investigated. The results showed that the sizes could be regulated through surfactant content (5–15 wt%) and composition (HLB 10.72–13.93) from 16.44 ± 0.01 nm to 329 ± 4.74 nm. With the increase of the content of green tea seed oil, the DPPH and total antioxidant capacity of the nanoemulsions were gradually improved. Meanwhile, the antibacterial assay was enhanced as the content of green tea seed oil increased from 0.5 to 1.5%. The inhibition zone increased continually to 7.56 ± 0.40 mm and 6.85 ± 0.59 mm when 1.5% oil was provided. The results could provide a reference to essential oils in the design of functional food‐grade ingredients.
Surface analysis of nickel nanomaterials electrodeposited on graphite surface
Authors: Saldan Ivan , Lewin Erik , Dobrovetska Oksana , Karlsson Dennis , Bilan Oleh , Kuntyi Orest
Published: August 2019

Pure Nickel (Ni) and Nickel–Palladium (Ni–Pd) alloy were electrodeposited on graphite surface via pulse electrolysis in dimethyl sulfoxide in form of rods and nanoparticles with a diameter of ∼100–350 and ∼10–35 nm, respectively. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra of Ni 2p3/2 region for these nanomaterials suggests on their surface Ni2+ precursor while after Ar+ ion‐etching metallic nickel starts to be dominated. Both Pd0 and Pd2+ for XPS spectra of Pd 3d5/2 and 3d3/2 were observed after electrodeposition. Scanning electron microscope‐energy dispersive X‐ray and XPS analysis confirmed electrodeposition of nickel nanomaterials in non‐aqueous electrolyte. Using a lower concentration of Ni2+ precursor, nanoparticles with an average particle size of ∼10–23 nm were prepared on a graphite surface.
Biomolecules encapsulated TiO2 nano‐cubes using Tinospora cordifolia for photodegradation of a textile dye
Authors: Kaur Harpreet , Goyal Vikas , Singh Jagpreet , Kumar Sanjeev , Rawat Mohit
Published: August 2019

In the present research work, novel nano‐sized cubes of TiO2 capped with the biomolecules of Tinospora cordifolia leaf extract have been successfully synthesised and characterised. UV–visible absorption spectrum shows the maximum absorption edge at a wavelength of 271 nm. Transmission electron microscope results reveal the development of nano‐sized cubes with anatase phase confirmed from selected‐area electron diffraction pattern. Further, X‐ray diffraction study re‐confirms the crystallinity and anatase phase evolution of TiO2. Fourier transmission infrared and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrum spectra elucidate the presence of biomolecules on TiO2 surface. The high photocatalytic activity of green synthesised TiO2 is demonstrated through the degradation of a textile dye, neutral red. A total 93.4% of dye has been removed with high apparent constant value (Kappa = 0.00758 min−1) under 120 min of short UV‐light irradiation. Therefore, current work presents simple, low‐cost, eco‐friendly and hitherto unreported synthesis of TiO2 nano‐cubes using Tinospora cordifolia leaf extract that could pave the way towards highly efficient photocatalysts.
VIRTIS-H observations of the dust coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko: spectral properties and color temperature variability with phase and elevation
Authors: Bockelée-Morvan D. , Leyrat C. , Erard S. , Andrieu F. , Capaccioni F. , Filacchione G. , Hasselmann P. H. , Crovisier J. , Drossart P. , Arnold G. , Ciarniello M. , Kappel D. , Longobardo A. , Capria M.-T. , De Sanctis M. C. , Rinaldi G. , Taylor F.
Published: August 2019

We analyze 2–5μm spectroscopic observations of the dust coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko obtained with the Visible InfraRed Thermal Imaging Spectrometer (VIRTIS-H) instrument on board Rosetta from 3 June to 29 October 2015 at heliocentric distancesrh= 1.24–1.55 AU. The 2–2.5μm color, bolometric albedo, and color temperature were measured using spectral fitting. Data obtained atα= 90° solar phase angle show an increase in bolometric albedo (0.05–0.14) with increasing altitude (0.5–8 km), accompanied by a possible marginal decrease in color and color temperature. Possible explanations include dark particles on ballistic trajectories in the inner coma and radial changes in particle composition. In the phase angle range 50°–120°, phase reddening is significant (0.031%/100 nm deg−1) for a mean color of 2%/100 nm atα= 90°, which might be related to the roughness of the dust particles. Moreover, a decrease in color temperature with decreasing phase angle is also observed at a rate of ~0.3 K deg−1, consistent with the presence of large porous particles, with low thermal inertia, and showing a significant day-to-night temperature contrast. Comparing data acquired at fixed phase angle (α= 90°), a 20% increase in bolometric albedo is observed near perihelion. Heliocentric variations in dust color are not significant in the time period we analyzed. The measured color temperatures vary from 260 to 320 K, and follow arh−0.6variation in therh= 1.24–1.5 AU range, which is close to the expectedrh−0.5value.
The eccentric behaviour of windy binary stars
Authors: Saladino M. I. , Pols O. R.
Published: August 2019

Carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars, CH stars, barium stars, and extrinsic S stars, among other classes of chemically peculiar stars, are thought to be the products of the interaction of low- and intermediate-mass binaries, which occurred when the most evolved star was in the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase. Binary evolution models predict that because of the large sizes of AGB stars, if the initial orbital periods of such systems are shorter than a few thousand days, their orbits should have circularised due to tidal effects. However, observations of the progeny of AGB binary stars show that many of these objects have substantial eccentricities, up to e ≈ 0.9. In this work we explore the impact of wind mass transfer on the orbital parameters of AGB binary stars by performing numerical simulations in which the AGB wind is modelled using a hydrodynamical code and the dynamics of the stars is evolved using an N-body code. We find that in most models the effect of wind mass transfer contributes to the circularisation of the orbit, but on longer timescales than tidal circularisation if e ≲ 0.4. For relatively low initial wind velocities and pseudo-synchronisation of the donor star, we find a structure resembling wind Roche-lobe overflow as the stars approach periastron. In this case, the interaction between the gas and the star is stronger than when the initial wind velocity is high and the orbit shrinks while the eccentricity decreases. In one of our models wind interaction is found to pump the eccentricity of the orbit on a similar timescale as tidal circularisation. However, since the orbit of this model is shrinking tidal effects will become stronger during the evolution of the system. Although our study is based on a small sample of models, it offers some insight into the orbital evolution of eccentric binary stars interacting via winds. A larger grid of numerical models for different binary parameters is needed to test if a regime exists where hydrodynamical eccentricity pumping can effectively counteract tidal circularisation, and if this can explain the puzzling eccentricities of the descendants of AGB binaries.
Quasi-stellar object redshift estimates from optical, near-infrared, and ultraviolet colours
Authors: Curran S. J. , Moss J. P.
Published: August 2019

A simple estimate of the photometric redshift would prove invaluable to forthcoming continuum surveys on the next generation of large radio telescopes, as well as mitigating the existing bias towards the most optically bright sources. While there is a well-known correlation between the near-infrared K-band magnitude and redshift for galaxies, we find the K − z relation to break down for samples dominated by quasi-stellar objects. We hypothesise that this is due to the additional contribution to the near-infrared flux by the active galactic nucleus, and, as such, the K-band magnitude can only provide a lower limit to the redshift in the case of active galactic nuclei, which will dominate the radio surveys. From a large optical dataset, we find a tight relationship between the rest-frame (U − K)/(W2 − FUV) colour ratio and spectroscopic redshift over a sample of 17 000 sources, spanning z ≈ 0.1−5. Using the observed-frame ratios of (U − K)/(W2 − FUV) for redshifts of z ≲ 1, (I − W2)/(W3 − U) for 1 ≲ z ≲ 3, and (I − W2.5)/(W4 − R) for z ≳ 3, where W2.5 is the λ = 8.0 μm magnitude and the appropriate redshift ranges are estimated from the W2 (4.5 μm) magnitude, we find this to be a robust photometric redshift estimator for quasars. We suggest that the rest-frame U − K colour traces the excess flux from the AGN over this wide range of redshifts, although the W2 − FUV colour is required to break the degeneracy.
Method for improving performance of devices for adjustable reactive power compensation
Authors: Cheremisin Vasiliy , Nikonov Andrey
Published: August 2019

The article presents a method for selecting the parameters of the current-voltage characteristics of adjustable reactive power compensation devices used at sectioning stations of railway sections electrified by alternating current with a voltage of 27.5 kV. This technique is based on the experience of operating two types of devices in the traction power supply system. Power control of these devices is implemented by the voltage level at the switching point. Selection of the setpoint voltage and slope characteristics was done. The developed method allows increasing the efficiency of devices by eliminating the voltage losses on the active component of traction loads. That will reduce the loss of electricity in the system of traction power supply. Changing the parameters of the characteristics will increase the relationship between the reactive power consumed in the zone and the voltage measured by the devices. Following the results of the formation of the methodology, an example of the choice of characteristics for a real compensation device is presented.