bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Intergenerational Legacies of Louise Audino Tilly
Authors: Moch Leslie Page
Published: July 2015

These comments take us back to a very different era, when women historians were rare in state universities and women's history was in its infancy. Sorting out the threads of Louise's legacy is difficult; this is a multifaceted legacy of character and scholarship, of intellectual and personal support of those around her. In the context of emerging family history—one that began with consideration of neither women nor the poor—Tilly fought for histories including both. This was not a struggle only about inclusion, but also about writing a history that had theoretical stamina. In addition, as much as Tilly's early work focused on women in the family setting, her legacy also lives in the study of women who leave home as well—those who exit the family economy to live on their own. Migration theory and history have become much more nuanced and sophisticated in the last two decades, almost managing to keep up with Louise's insights in two crucial ways. The first is her understanding that people use strategies learned in their families of origin to come to grips with the challenges of new situations. The second set of fundamental insights elucidates the importance of gender and family roles, insights that have undergirded the past decade's work on the gendered nature of migration processes. Despite the shifts in historical debate, Louise Tilly's intellectual innovations, insights, and insistence upon theoretically meaningful work remain a model for scholars of succeeding generations, and various moments of intellectual coming-of-age.
The Question of Racial Immunity to Yellow Fever in History and Historiography
Authors: Espinosa Mariola
Published: July 2015

The belief that West and Central Africans and their descendants in the New World enjoy an innate immunity or resistance to yellow fever persists in the writings of many historians. They offer three arguments that such a racial immunity actually exists: first, that a consensus on the matter prevailed among historical observers of the disease; second, that patterns of lethality during yellow fever epidemics demonstrate it to be true; and third, because a heritable resistance to malaria is known to have spread within these populations, a similar resistance to yellow fever must have developed as well. But in fact there was never a consensus among medical observers that black immunity to yellow fever actually existed, the evidence from epidemics indicates that in fact it did not, and the analogy to the very real and well-documented evolutionary consequences of endemic malaria is not apt. As there is no evidence supporting the belief of black immunity to yellow fever, it is time for historians to discard it.
Voter Coordination and the Rise of the Republican Party: Evidence from New England
Authors: Chamberlain Adam
Published: July 2015

The development of the Republican Party is a significant event in American political history. While scholars describe its formation as a realignment caused by the slavery issue, this article reinterprets this perspective. Focusing on gubernatorial elections in New England from 1840 to the mid-1850s, I present evidence that the rise of the Republican Party in the region was due to a lack of strategic voting coupled with third-party, antislavery voting that did not consistently affect the Whigs across states. A counterfactual argument suggests that Whig elites would have sought to change the nature of party politics and, had the distribution of third-party voting affected the Whigs similarly across states, then the Republicans may not have formed. Thus, the distribution of antislavery, third-party voting was more important than the presence of antislavery sentiment. This finding is important for understanding American party development and how strategic voting fits into the study of US elections.
Capital, Containment, and Competition: The Dynamics of British Imperialism, 1730–1939
Authors: Go Julian
Published: July 2015

What causes imperialism? Classic explanations of imperialism theorized causes within the imperial metropole, such as nationalist culture or the imperatives of capital accumulation. More recent theories emphasize global pressures. To assess these longstanding but rarely adjudicated theories, this paper employs original time-series data and qualitative evidence on British imperialism from the eighteenth to the mid-twentieth century. The analysis shows that British imperialism was not only a domestically produced process but also a global one. British imperialism was a strategy for meeting the state's imperatives of geopolitical security (containment) and economic growth (capital) in the face of external threats. Those threats were most likely to be perceived when the global system was at its most economically competitive. These findings affirm a “structural competition” approach that builds upon existing global-oriented theories but specifies the structural conditions and causal processes driving imperialism.
Population, Politics, and Unemployment Policy in the Great Depression
Authors: Cohen Miriam
Published: July 2015

Working out large-scale processes through close attention to local-level analysis remained central to Louise Tilly's approach to social history. An ongoing commitment to agency and strategy undergirded her vision for a global history that made connections between large-scale processes across space, between human agency and structure, and between the past and present. Her vision remains an important influence in my coauthored comparative history of the welfare state in England, France, and the United States. This is illustrated by a discussion of unemployment policies in the three countries at one particular moment of crisis, the Great Depression, concentrating on the United States, where the Depression hit first and hit the hardest. Important differences in demography, the mobilization of ordinary citizens, the responsiveness of state structures to democratic pressure, and public attitudes about the legitimate role of government all affected the history of unemployment policy in each country.
Wie Lehrende die Ergebnisse studentischer Evaluationen wahrnehmen
Authors: Nowakowski André , Hannover Bettina
Published: July 2015

Die Rückmeldung, die Lehrende aus den Evaluationen durch ihre Studierenden erhalten, soll für die Optimierung der eigenen Lehre genutzt werden. Inwiefern Lehrende das Feedback tatsächlich zu diesem Zweck verwenden und welche Rückmeldeformate die Wahrscheinlichkeit günstig beeinflussen, dass das Feedback von Lehrenden nicht nur verstanden, sondern auch in Handlungsintentionen umgesetzt wird, ist weitgehend unbekannt. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie deuten darauf hin, dass Lehrende sich stark von einzelnen qualitativen–im Besonderen negativen–Studierendenkommentaren beeinflussen lassen, obwohl, bei hinreichend großer Teilnahmequote, gemittelte Urteile der Studierenden auf vorgegebenen quantitativen Antwortskalen eine höhere Reliabilität aufweisen. Mögliche Optimierungsmöglichkeiten von Evaluationsrückmeldungen an Lehrende werden diskutiert.
Untersuchung der Entwicklung und Förderung von Kindern mit unterschiedlichem motorischem Leistungsstand im Vorschulalter
Authors: Krombholz Heinz
Published: July 2015

In einer Längsschnittstudie (21 Monate) wurde die Entwicklung körperlicher Merkmale und motorischer und kognitiver Leistungen bei 281 Kindern (142 Jungen, 139 Mädchen, Alter zu Beginn 37 – 68 Monate) verglichen. Zusätzlich wurde geprüft, wie sich motorische Interventionsmaßnahmen im Kindergarten auswirken. Anhand ihrer Leistung in einer Motorik-Testbatterie (MoTB 3 – 7) zu Beginn der Studie wurden die Kinder in 3 Gruppen eingeteilt: Kinder mit geringer (N = 65, unterer Quartilbereich), durchschnittlicher (N = 145) oder hoher Leistungsfähigkeit (N = 71, oberer Quartilbereich). Kinder mit geringer motorischer Leistungsfähigkeit zu Beginn der Studie waren im Vergleich zu Kindern mit durchschnittlicher oder hoher Leistungsfähigkeit eher übergewichtig und erreichten im Untersuchungszeitraum niedrigere motorische und kognitive Leistungen. Alle Gruppen verbesserten sich in ihren motorischen Leistungen, die Leistungszuwächse waren bei Kindern mit geringer und durchschnittlicher Leistungsfähigkeit größer als bei Kindern mit hoher Leistungsfähigkeit. Interventionsmaßnahmen zur Steigerung der motorischen Leistungsfähigkeit hatten einen stärkeren Effekt in den Gruppen mit geringerer und durchschnittlicher Leistungsfähigkeit als in der mit hoher Leistungsfähigkeit.
Proposal for a Version of MWMS Across Mediterranean Countries
Authors: Battistelli Adalgisa , Galletta Maura , Odoardi Carlo , Núñez Juan , Ntalianis Filotheos
Published: July 2015

Abstract. Self-determination theory introduces a multidimensional view of motivation and explains how the different types of motivation can be promoted or hindered. Following Gagné et al. (2014) , the purpose of this study was to create an abbreviated version of the Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (MWMS) and to study the psychometric properties of the instrument using data from 1,035 workers from three Mediterranean countries (Greece, Italy, and Spain). Factorial analyses indicated that the 18-item scale has the same factor structure across the three Mediterranean languages, reflecting common cultural idiosyncrasies and influences. Convergent and discriminant validity indicated that intrinsic and integrated forms of autonomous motivation had a positive relationship with job satisfaction, affective and normative commitment, prosocial behavior, perceived organizational support, job autonomy, and leader-member exchange. Controlled forms of motivation (e.g., social and material) were unrelated or negatively related to most of the variables examined, with the exception of continuance commitment (positive association). Lastly, amotivation was negatively related to all employee-related variables, except for continuance commitment. Practical implications and suggestions for the development of future research based on self-determination theory are discussed.
Factorial Validity of the General Health Questionnaire 12 in an	Angolan Sample
Authors: Tomás José M. , Gutiérrez Melchor , Sancho Patricia
Published: July 2015

Abstract. Most evidence available has found multidimensional solutions for the General Health Questionnaire’s (GHQ12) structure, contrary to the authors’ original one-factor solution. Recently, the study of method effects associated to negatively worded items has been included in the study of GHQ12’s factor structure, and the most common conclusion has been that the best-fitting structure is a single factor confounded by response bias. Current study analyzes the factor structure of the Portuguese version of the GHQ12. The sample consisted of 1,332 young Angolan adults. Previously-reported structures, including one-factor and multidimensional substantive ones, as well as bifactor structures, and models positing method effects among negatively worded items were tested via Confirmatory Factor Analyses. Results suggested that a three substantive factor solution adequately represented the scale’s underlying structure. The emerging factors were dysphoria, social dysfunction, and loss of confidence. Method effects did not play a clear role in explaining the multidimensionality observed in the factor structures tested for the GHQ12.
Psychological Consequences of Early Global Deprivation
Authors: Kumsta Robert , Kreppner Jana , Kennedy Mark , Knights Nicky , Rutter Michael , Sonuga-Barke Edmund
Published: July 2015

The English & Romanian Adoptees (ERA) study follows children who spent their first years of life in extremely depriving Romanian institutions before they were adopted by families in the UK. The ERA study constitutes a “natural experiment” that allows the examination of the effects of radical environmental change from a profoundly depriving institutional environment to an adoptive family home. The cohort has been assessed at ages 4, 6, 11, and 15 years, and has provided seminal insights into the effects of early global deprivation. The current paper focuses on the long-term psychological sequelae associated with deprivation experiences. These deprivation-specific problems (DSPs) constitute a striking pattern of behavioral impairments, in its core characterized by deficits in social cognition and behavior, as well as quasi-autistic features, often accompanied by cognitive impairment and symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Possible moderating influences, including variations in family environment, pre-adoption characteristics, and genetic variation, will be discussed to answer the question why some individuals have prospered while others have struggled. Apart from findings on the moderating effect of variation in genes associated with serotonergic and dopaminergic signaling involving specific phenotypes, heterogeneity in outcome is largely unexplained. The review concludes with an outlook on currently ongoing and future research of the ERA study cohort, which involves the investigation of neurobiological and epigenetic mechanisms as possible mediators of the long-term effects of institutional deprivation.
News and Announcements From the EFPA Network of National News Correspondents
Authors: Polisenska Veronika
Published: July 2015

This issue of the news contains an invitation to the World Psychological Forum 2015 in the Czech Republic, a summary of recent activities from the Slovenian Psychologists’ Association, and, from the UK, an update on the upcoming conference of the British Psychological Society, the latest professional development directory, and a new website for the Society’s official monthly publication.
Adaptation and Validation of a German Multidimensional and	Multicomponent Measure of Social Identification
Authors: Roth Jenny , Mazziotta Agostino
Published: July 2015

Abstract. The present article describes a reliable and valid German multidimensional multicomponent measure of social identification. A translation of the original Dutch measure of social identification ( Leach et al., 2008 ) was adapted to the German context and validated in three different samples across three distinct identities using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results of Study 1 (organizational identity, N = 419), Study 2 (national identity, N = 274), and Study 3 (gender identity, N = 833) confirm the psychometric qualities of the German measure and replicate the theoretical multidimensional multicomponent model of social identification including the self-definition (individual self-stereotyping, in-group homogeneity) and self-investment (solidarity, satisfaction, and centrality) dimensions. In addition, Studies 2 and 3 provide evidence for the construct validity of the German subscales of the social identification components.
A three-step MTOC fragmentation mechanism facilitates bipolar spindle assembly in mouse oocytes
Authors: Clift Dean , Schuh Melina
Published: July 2015

Assembly of a bipolar microtubule spindle is essential for accurate chromosome segregation. In somatic cells, spindle bipolarity is determined by the presence of exactly two centrosomes. Remarkably, mammalian oocytes do not contain canonical centrosomes. This study reveals that mouse oocytes assemble a bipolar spindle by fragmenting multiple acentriolar microtubule-organizing centres (MTOCs) into a high number of small MTOCs to be able to then regroup and merge them into two equal spindle poles. We show that MTOCs are fragmented in a three-step process. First, PLK1 triggers a decondensation of the MTOC structure. Second, BicD2-anchored dynein stretches the MTOCs into fragmented ribbons along the nuclear envelope. Third, KIF11 further fragments the MTOCs following nuclear envelope breakdown so that they can be evenly distributed towards the two spindle poles. Failure to fragment MTOCs leads to defects in spindle assembly, which delay chromosome individualization and congression, putting the oocyte at risk of aneuploidy.
Suppression of the alternative lengthening of telomere pathway by the chromatin remodelling factor ATRX
Authors: Clynes David , Jelinska Clare , Xella Barbara , Ayyub Helena , Scott Caroline , Mitson Matthew , Taylor Stephen , Higgs Douglas R. , Gibbons Richard J.
Published: July 2015

Fifteen per cent of cancers maintain telomere length independently of telomerase by the homologous recombination (HR)-associated alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway. A unifying feature of these tumours are mutations in ATRX. Here we show that expression of ectopic ATRX triggers a suppression of the pathway and telomere shortening. Importantly ATRX-mediated ALT suppression is dependent on the histone chaperone DAXX. Re-expression of ATRX is associated with a reduction in replication fork stalling, a known trigger for HR and loss of MRN from telomeres. A G-quadruplex stabilizer partially reverses the effect of ATRX, inferring ATRX may normally facilitate replication through these sequences that, if they persist, promote ALT. We propose that defective telomere chromatinization through loss of ATRX promotes the persistence of aberrant DNA secondary structures, which in turn present a barrier to DNA replication, leading to replication fork stalling, collapse, HR and subsequent recombination-mediated telomere synthesis in ALT cancers.
The GATA transcription factor GtaC regulates early developmental gene expression dynamics in Dictyostelium
Authors: Santhanam Balaji , Cai Huaqing , Devreotes Peter N. , Shaulsky Gad , Katoh-Kurasawa Mariko
Published: July 2015

In many systems, including the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum, development is often marked by dynamic morphological and transcriptional changes orchestrated by key transcription factors. However, efforts to examine sequential genome-wide changes of gene regulation in developmental processes have been fairly limited. Here we report the developmental regulatory dynamics of GtaC, a GATA-type zinc-finger transcription factor, through the analyses of serial ChIP- and RNA-sequencing data. GtaC is essential for developmental progression, decoding extracellular cAMP pulses during early development and may play a role in mediating cell-type differentiation at later stages. We find that GtaC exhibits temporally distinctive DNA-binding patterns concordant with each developmental stage. We identify direct GtaC targets and observe cotemporaneous GtaC-binding and developmental expression regulation. Our results suggest that GtaC regulates multiple physiological processes as Dictyostelium transitions from a group of unicellular amoebae to an integrated multicellular organism.
Gas Sensing Properties of Epitaxial LaBaCo2O5.5+δ Thin Films
Authors: Liu M. , Ren S. P. , Zhang R. Y. , Xue Z. Y. , Ma C. R. , Yin M. L. , Xu X. , Bao S. Y. , Chen C. L.
Published: July 2015

Chemical reactivity and stability of highly epitaxial mixed-conductive LaBaCo2O5.5+δ (LBCO) thin films on (001) LaAlO3 (LAO) single-crystalline substrates, fabricated by using pulsed laser deposition system, were systematically investigated. Microstructure studies from x-ray diffraction indicate that the films are c-axis oriented with the interface relationship of [100]LBCO//[100]LAO and (001)LBCO//(001)LAO. LBCO thin films can detect the ethanol vapor concentration as low as 10ppm and the response of LBCO thin film to various ethanol vapor concentrations is very reliable and reproducible with the switch between air and ethanol vapor. Moreover, the fast response of the LBCO thin film, as the p-type gas sensor, is better than some n-type oxide semiconductor thin films and comparable with some nanorods and nanowires. These findings indicate that the LBCO thin films have great potential for the development of gas sensors in reducing/oxidizing environments.
SiNG-PCRseq: Accurate inter-sequence quantification achieved by spiking-in a neighbor genome for competitive PCR amplicon sequencing
Authors: Oh Soo A. , Yang Inchul , Hahn Yoonsoo , Kang Yong-Kook , Chung Sun-Ku , Jeong Sangkyun
Published: July 2015

Despite the recent technological advances in DNA quantitation by sequencing, accurate delineation of the quantitative relationship among different DNA sequences is yet to be elaborated due to difficulties in correcting the sequence-specific quantitation biases. We here developed a novel DNA quantitation method via spiking-in a neighbor genome for competitive PCR amplicon sequencing (SiNG-PCRseq). This method utilizes genome-wide chemically equivalent but easily discriminable homologous sequences with a known copy arrangement in the neighbor genome. By comparing the amounts of selected human DNA sequences simultaneously to those of matched sequences in the orangutan genome, we could accurately draw the quantitative relationships for those sequences in the human genome (root-mean-square deviations <0.05). Technical replications of cDNA quantitation performed using different reagents at different time points also resulted in excellent correlations (R2 > 0.95). The cDNA quantitation using SiNG-PCRseq was highly concordant with the RNA-seq-derived version in inter-sample comparisons (R2 = 0.88), but relatively discordant in inter-sequence quantitation (R2 < 0.44), indicating considerable level of sequence-dependent quantitative biases in RNA-seq. Considering the measurement structure explicitly relating the amount of different sequences within a sample, SiNG-PCRseq will facilitate sharing and comparing the quantitation data generated under different spatio-temporal settings.
A Forensic Methodology for Investigating PCE Releases from a Dry Cleaning Facility
Authors: Morrison Robert D.
Published: July 2015

In 2001 it was estimated that approximately 75% of all dry cleaning facilities in the United States (U.S.) were contaminated, primarily with perchloroethylene (PCE). In a 2002 survey of 26 dry cleaning sites in California, PCE was detected at 85% of the sites. In 2008, the U.S. EPA estimated that 15,750 active dry cleaners required remediation while a Florida study of 150 contaminated dry cleaner sites revealed that contaminated groundwater had migrated off-site at approximately 57% of the facilities. Regardless of the actual number of PCE contaminated dry cleaning facilities in the U.S., their investigation and remediation will require decades and consume billions of dollars. A challenge in the forensic investigation of dry cleaning facilities is the reconstruction of a PCE release after the facility has undergone remediation and/or no opportunity exists for sample collection. While standards for conducting traditional environmental investigations are available, an accepted forensic investigative methodology specific to dry cleaners is not. A methodical sequence of activities is needed for conducting an environmental forensic investigation of a dry cleaning establishment to insure that the ability to identify the source and age of a contaminant release is optimized.
Statistics of Lost Historical Coal Tar PAH Contamination in Soils and Sediments
Authors: Wade Michael J.
Published: July 2015

Beginning in the mid-1800s in the United States, coal gasification provided energy for an emergent utility industry. With focus largely on the engineering aspects of manufactured gas production (MGP) mainly for lighting purposes, the energy industry gave little thought to waste management end practices, vestiges of which remain over 100 years later as legacy contamination. As a consequence, in today's energy marketplace, industry's successor companies now carry significant MGP financial and legal liability. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), with structures ranging from two to six aromatic rings, are dominant legacy MGP pollutants. Sorting out possible multiple PAH sources at former MGP sites carries significant forensic geochemical challenges. Analyses of PAH data using statistical visualization by multiple linear regression and principal component analysis (PCA) have been shown to address legacy forensic geochemical MGP problems but there are interpretation problems as well. Done properly, statistical analyses will aid in the delineation of former MGP operation loci, provide assessment of multiple PAH sources and mixing effects, and offer clear output graphics for potential legal application. Three case studies will be presented that show how clear statistical presentation can illustrate how different historical gas engineering practices are reflected in modern legacy PAH pollutant distributions.
The graphene/nucleic acid nanobiointerface
Authors: Tang Longhua , Wang Ying , Li Jinghong
Published: July 2015

In this critical review, we present the recent advances in the design and fabrication of graphene/nucleic acid nanobiointerfaces, as well as the fundamental understanding of their interfacial properties and various nanobiotechnological applications.
An integrated ceramic, micro-fluidic device for the LC/MS/MS analysis of pharmaceuticals in plasma
Authors: Rainville Paul D. , Murphy James P. , Tomany Mike , Wilson Ian D. , Smith Norman W. , Evans Christopher , Kheler Jonathan , Bowen Chester , Plumb Robert S. , Nicholson Jeremy K.
Published: July 2015

A capillary scale ceramic microfluidic LC/MS/MS system was successfully employed for the analysis of pharmaceutical compounds in plasma.
Os-complex-based amperometric bienzyme biosensor for continuous determination of lactate in saliva
Authors: Liu Jian , Zhang Lili , Fu Chuanyun
Published: July 2015

An amperometric biosensor, constructed through a specific design featuring a bienzyme doped sol–gel and an Os-complex mediator layer, capped with electropolymerized polyphenol semipermeable membranes, is presented for lactate quantification in saliva.
A novel digital color analysis method for rapid glucose detection
Authors: Xia Meng-lei , Wang Lan , Yang Zhi-xia , Chen Hong-zhang
Published: July 2015

We present a digital color analysis method, using the typical 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method for glucose detection as an example.
A molecular Fe-complex as a catalyst probe for in-gel visual detection of proteins via signal amplification
Authors: Kumari Sushma , Panda Chakadola , Mazumdar Shyamalava , Sen Gupta Sayam
Published: July 2015

We report the use of a molecular peroxidase mimic biuret FeTAML for chemoselective labeling of proteins and the subsequent visual detection (<0.1 pmoles) of the conjugate in a polyacrylamide gel by catalytic signal amplification.
Exfoliated semiconducting pure 2H-MoS2 and 2H-WS2 assisted by chlorosulfonic acid
Authors: Pagona Georgia , Bittencourt Carla , Arenal Raul , Tagmatarchis Nikos
Published: July 2015

Chlorosulfonic acid assisted the exfoliation of MoS2 and WS2, which resulted in retaining their semiconducting 2H-phase rendering them soluble.
Novel ZnO–ZnS nanowire arrays with heterostructures and enhanced photocatalytic properties
Authors: Gao Xingxing , Wang Jian , Yu Jianglong , Xu Hongbo
Published: July 2015

The graphical abstract exhibits the SEM images and schematic representation of ZnO–ZnS heterostructure NW arrays, the schematic energy band diagram and the rates of the photocatalytic H2at different temperatures.
Is the regulation of the electronic properties of organic molecules by polynuclear superhalogens more effective than that by mononuclear superhalogens? A high-level ab initio case study
Authors: Li Miao-Miao , Li Jin-Feng , Bai Hongcun , Sun Yin-Yin , Li Jian-Li , Yin Bing
Published: July 2015

Polynuclear superhalogens are more effective in regulating the electronic properties of organic molecules based on a high-level ab initio study.
Correction: Surface- and tip-enhanced Raman scattering of bradykinin onto the colloidal suspended Ag surface
Authors: Swiech D. , Ozaki Y. , Kim Y. , Proniewicz E.
Published: July 2015

Correction for ‘Surface- and tip-enhanced Raman scattering of bradykinin onto the colloidal suspended Ag surface’ by D. Swiech et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2015, 17, 17140–17149.
Large-scale electricity storage utilizing reversible solid oxide cells combined with underground storage of CO2 and CH4
Authors: Jensen S. H. , Graves C. , Mogensen M. , Wendel C. , Braun R. , Hughes G. , Gao Z. , Barnett S. A.
Published: July 2015

Electricity storage is needed on an unprecedented scale to sustain the ongoing transition of electricity generation from fossil fuels to intermittent renewable energy sources like wind and solar power.
Raspberry pulp polysaccharides inhibit tumor growth via immunopotentiation and enhance docetaxel chemotherapy against malignant melanoma in vivo
Authors: Yang Yong-Jing , Xu Han-Mei , Suo You-Rui
Published: July 2015

Raspberry pulp polysaccharides exhibit antitumor activityin vivoagainst malignant melanoma through immunopotentiation and enhance the antitumor effect of docetaxel.
A water–ethanol phase assisted co-precipitation approach toward high quality quantum dot–inorganic salt composites and their application for WLEDs
Authors: Chang Yajing , Yao Xudong , Mi Longfei , Li Guopeng , Wang Shengda , Wang Hui , Zhang Zhongping , Jiang Yang
Published: July 2015

Aqueous CdTe QDs embedded in inorganic salt NaCl through a co-precipitation approach assisted by ethanol are synthesized.
Polymer coated phosphate glass/hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications
Authors: Govindan R. , Kumar G. Suresh , Girija E. K.
Published: July 2015

Biopolymer coated PG/HA composite scaffolds were prepared with enhanced mechanical properties for bone tissue engineering applications.
Synthesis of graphene/α-Fe2O3 composites with excellent electromagnetic wave absorption properties
Authors: Wang Tihong , Li Yongfeng , Wang Lina , Liu Chao , Geng Sai , Jia Xilai , Yang Fan , Zhang Liqiang , Liu Liping , You Bo , Ren Xiao , Yang Haitao
Published: July 2015

Three-dimensional (3D) composites based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and porous Fe2O3 nanoparticles exhibit excellent microwave absorbing properties in the range of 2–16 GHz.
Diastereoselective synthesis of fused oxazolidines and highly substituted 1H-pyrrolo [2,1-c][1,4] oxazines via C–H functionalization
Authors: Pavan Kumar Chottanahalli. S. , Harsha Kachigere. B. , Mantelingu Kempegowda , Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal. S.
Published: July 2015

The first one pot protocol for the diastereoselective synthesis of oxazolo[2,3-c]isoquinoline was achieved by metal-free, benzoic acid catalyzed reactions under mild conditionsviaC–H, C–O bond functionalization.
Preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers using ion-pair dummy template imprinting and polymerizable ionic liquids
Authors: Li Ji , Hu Xiaoling , Guan Ping , Zhang Xiaoyan , Qian Liwei , Song Renyuan , Du Chunbao , Wang Chaoli
Published: July 2015

New IL-based MIPs were prepared using ion-pair dummy template imprinting which confined charged monomers in the imprinting cavities.
Correction: Molecularly imprinted fluorescent chemosensor synthesized using quinoline-modified-β-cyclodextrin as monomer for spermidine recognition
Authors: Cheng Yang , Jiang Ping , Dong Xiangchao
Published: July 2015

Correction for ‘Molecularly imprinted fluorescent chemosensor synthesized using quinoline-modified-β-cyclodextrin as monomer for spermidine recognition’ by Yang Cheng et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 55066–55074.
Disintegration of protein microbubbles in presence of acid and surfactants: a multi-step process
Authors: Rovers Tijs A. M. , Sala Guido , van der Linden Erik , Meinders Marcel B. J.
Published: July 2015

In this manuscript we investigated the stability of microbubbles upon addition of surfactants (especially SDS) and acid. We related the stability of the microbubbles to physical processes.
Self-assembly and morphological transitions of random amphiphilic poly(β-d-glucose-co-1-octyl) phosphazenes
Authors: Chen Chen , Qian Yue-Cheng , Sun Chuan-bin , Huang Xiao-Jun
Published: July 2015

Poly(β-d-glucose-co-1-octyl)phosphazene (PGOP) can self-assemble and regulate itself to form different morphologies in water–DMF mixed solution. Variation in the proportion of hydrophilic/hydrophobic moieties leads to different morphological transition rates.
Well-controlled layer-by-layer assembly of carbon dot/CdS heterojunctions for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalysis
Authors: Chai Na-Na , Wang Hang-Xing , Hu Chen-Xia , Wang Qiang , Zhang Hao-Li
Published: July 2015

Fluorescent carbon dots have attracted great attention, but their application in photocatalysis has not been well explored.
Graphene activated 3D-hierarchical flower-like Li2FeSiO4 for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Yang Jinlong , Kang Xiaochun , He Daping , Zheng Anmin , Pan Mu , Mu Shichun
Published: July 2015

Graphene activated 3D-hierarchical flower-like Li2FeSiO4 exhibits a discharge capacity of 327.2 mA h g−1 which approaches the theoretical capacity of 332 mA h g−1 with outstanding high large-current and long-life performances.
GSDM family genes meet autophagy
Authors: Tamura Masaru , Shiroishi Toshihiko
Published: July 2015

In the previous issue of Biochemical Journal, Shi et al. [(2015) 468, 325–336] report that Gasdermin (Gsdm) family proteins regulate autophagy activity, which is counter-balanced by the opposite functions of well-conserved N- and C-terminal domains of the proteins. The Gsdm family was originally identified as the causative gene of dominant skin mutations exhibiting alopecia. Each member of the Gsdm gene family shows characteristic expression patterns in the epithelium, which is tissue and differentiation stage-specific. Previous phenotype analyses of mutant mice, biochemical analyses of proteins and genome-wide association studies showed that the Gsdm gene family might be involved in epithelial cell development, apoptosis, inflammation, carcinogenesis and immune-related diseases. To date, however, their molecular function(s) remain unclear. Shi et al. found that mutations in the C-terminal domain of Gsdma3, a member of the Gsdm family, induce autophagy. Further studies revealed that the wild-type N-terminal domain has pro-autophagic activity and that the C-terminal domain conversely inhibits this N-terminal function. These opposite functions of the two domains were also observed in other Gsdm family members. Thus, their study provides a new insight into the function of Gsdm genes in epithelial cell lineage, causality of cancers and immune-related diseases including childhood-onset asthma.
Analytic first derivatives of floating occupation molecular orbital-complete active space configuration interaction on graphical processing units
Authors: Hohenstein Edward G. , Bouduban Marine E. F. , Song Chenchen , Luehr Nathan , Ufimtsev Ivan S. , Martínez Todd J.
Published: July 2015

The floating occupation molecular orbital-complete active space configuration interaction (FOMO-CASCI) method is a promising alternative to the state-averaged complete active space self-consistent field (SA-CASSCF) method. We have formulated the analytic first derivative of FOMO-CASCI in a manner that is well-suited for a highly efficient implementation using graphical processing units (GPUs). Using this implementation, we demonstrate that FOMO-CASCI gradients are of similar computational expense to configuration interaction singles (CIS) or time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). In contrast to CIS and TDDFT, FOMO-CASCI can describe multireference character of the electronic wavefunction. We show that FOMO-CASCI compares very favorably to SA-CASSCF in its ability to describe molecular geometries and potential energy surfaces around minimum energy conical intersections. Finally, we apply FOMO-CASCI to the excited state hydrogen transfer reaction in methyl salicylate.
Cascaded proton acceleration by collisionless electrostatic shock
Authors: Xu T. J. , Shen B. F. , Zhang X. M. , Yi L. Q. , Wang W. P. , Zhang L. G. , Xu J. C. , Zhao X. Y. , Shi Y. , Liu C. , Pei Z. K.
Published: July 2015

A new scheme for proton acceleration by cascaded collisionless electrostatic shock (CES) is proposed. By irradiating a foil target with a moderate high-intensity laser beam, a stable CES field can be induced, which is employed as the accelerating field for the booster stage of proton acceleration. The mechanism is studied through simulations and theoretical analysis, showing that a 55 MeV seed proton beam can be further accelerated to 265 MeV while keeping a good energy spread. This scheme offers a feasible approach to produce proton beams with energy of hundreds of MeV by existing available high-intensity laser facilities.
Structural, electronic and elastic properties of the cubic CaTiO3 under pressure: A DFT study
Authors: Tariq Saad , Ahmed Afaq , Saad Saher , Tariq Samar
Published: July 2015

Using highly accurate FP-LAPW method with GGA approximation structural, electronic and elastic properties of cubic CaTiO3 have been calculated from 0-120 GPa range of pressure. It is observed that lattice constant, bond length and anisotropy factor decrease with increase in pressure. Also the brittle nature and indirect band-gap of the compound become ductile and direct band-gap respectively at 120 GPa. Moduli of elasticity, density of the material, Debye temperature and wave elastic wave velocities increase with increase in pressure. Spin dependent DOS’s plots show invariant anti-ferromagnetic nature of the compound under pressure. Our calculated results are in good agreement with available theoretical and experimental results.
Porosity-dependent fractal nature of the porous silicon surface
Authors: Rahmani N. , Dariani R. S.
Published: July 2015

Porous silicon films with porosity ranging from 42% to 77% were fabricated by electrochemical anodization under different current density. We used atomic force microscopy and dynamic scaling theory for deriving the surface roughness profile and processing the topography of the porous silicon layers, respectively. We first compared the topography of bare silicon surface with porous silicon and then studied the effect of the porosity of porous silicon films on their scaling behavior by using their self-affinity nature. Our work demonstrated that silicon compared to the porous silicon films has the highest Hurst parameter, indicating that the formation of porous layer due to the anodization etching of silicon surface leads to an increase of its roughness. Fractal analysis revealed that the evolution of the nanocrystallites’ fractal dimension along with porosity. Also, we found that both interface width and Hurst parameter are affected by the increase of porosity.
Genetic importance of fat and eye muscle depth in Merino breeding programs
Authors: Brown D. J. , Swan A. A.
Published: July 2015

Australian Merino breeders have traditionally selected animals for breeding predominately on the basis of wool characteristics. Over recent decades, an increasing proportion of Merino breeders are interested in producing a ewe that can be used for prime-lamb production, but that also performs well for wool characteristics. Correlations between ultrasound carcass traits and other traits such as wool, internal parasite resistance and reproduction traits, are not very well known. The aims of this study were three-fold: (1) to estimate the genetic relationships between ultrasound carcass traits and wool, internal parasite resistance and reproduction traits, (2) to determine the value of recording ultrasound carcass traits in Merino breeding programs, and (3) to evaluate the impact of improving ewe genetic merit for fatness on their reproduction performance. Ultrasound fat and eye muscle depth had small to moderate genetic correlations with most traits, with positive correlations observed for bodyweight, fibre diameter, fibre curvature and reproduction, and negative correlations observed for fleece weight, fibre diameter coefficient of variation, worm egg count and breech wrinkle. As expected on the basis of these genetic correlations, estimated breeding values for fat depth of ewes had a positive association with their observed reproduction performance, but the effect explained only minimal variation in reproductive performance, and was extremely variable among flocks and years. A range of measurement scenarios was investigated for three standard MERINOSELECT indexes. Measuring fat and eye muscle depth resulted in 3%, 4% and 21% additional economic index gain for the fine, medium and dual purpose indexes, respectively, whereas measuring reproduction traits directly resulted in 17%, 27% and 45% additional gain in the economic index. Dual purpose index gains benefited more from measuring ultrasound carcass traits as it is the only index with a direct economic value placed on carcass traits. Measuring fat and eye muscle depth also resulted in a greater reduction in worm egg count. The results indicated that desirable genetic progress can be made in wool, ultrasound carcass, internal parasite resistance and number of lambs born and weaned simultaneously using multiple trait selection to account for the mix of favourable and unfavourable correlations between these traits. These results also demonstrated that the best method to maximise economic gain is to measure as many traits (or closely correlated traits) in the breeding objective as possible.
The hydraulic architecture of Eucalyptus trees growing across a gradient of depth-to-groundwater
Authors: Zolfaghar Sepideh , Villalobos-Vega Randol , Zeppel Melanie , Eamus Derek
Published: July 2015

Heterogeneity in water availability acts as an important driver of variation in plant structure and function. Changes in hydraulic architecture represent a key mechanism by which adaptation to changes in water availability can be expressed in plants. The aim of this study was to investigate whether differences in depth-to-groundwater influence the hydraulic architecture of Eucalyptus trees in remnant woodlands within mesic environments. Hydraulic architecture of trees was examined in winter and summer by measuring the following traits: Huber value (HV: the ratio between sapwood area and leaf area), branch hydraulic conductivity (leaf and sapwood area specific), sapwood density, xylem vulnerability (P50 and Pe) and hydraulic safety margins across four sites where depth-to-groundwater ranged from 2.4 to 37.5 m. Huber value increased significantly as depth-to-groundwater increased. Neither sapwood density nor branch hydraulic conductivity (sapwood and leaf area specific) varied significantly across sites. Xylem vulnerability to embolism (represented by P50 and Pe) in both seasons was significantly and negatively correlated with depth-to-groundwater. Hydraulic safety margins increased with increasing depth-to-groundwater and therefore trees growing at sites with deeper water tables were less sensitive to drought induced embolism. These results showed plasticity in some, but not all, hydraulic traits (as reflected in HV, P50, Pe and hydraulic safety margin) in response to increase in depth-to-groundwater in a mesic environment.
Hepatitis B screening and vaccination: how does a Sexual Health service measure up?
Authors: McIver Ruthy , Dyda Amalie , Knight Vickie , Guy Rebecca , McNulty Anna
Published: July 2015

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a vaccine-preventable disease. Sexual health clinics in New South Wales see a high caseload of populations at risk of HBV, and thus screening and vaccination are part of routine care. Uptake of screening and vaccination at Sydney Sexual Health Centre was assessed and it was found that among 1577 new patients with an elevated risk of HBV infection, 864 (55%) were potentially susceptible. Of those susceptible, the majority were screened (76%) and approximately one-third (35%) were found to be eligible for vaccination. The majority (83%) initiated vaccination. Of concern, however, is that incremental gaps between initiation and completion of the vaccine course resulted in an overall HBV vaccine coverage of 26% among those HBV susceptible.
Advice in Japanese radio phone-in counselling
Authors: Tanaka Lidia
Published: July 2015

Unlike the short and specific advice of service-encounters, advice in counselling settings is longer and more complex. In these interactions, it is known that advice is initially resisted in all languages. Scholars have tried to explain this phenomenon in terms of ‘face loss’ (Brown and Levinson 1987; Goldsmith 1992, 1994; Hinkel 1994; Murakami 1994); premature delivery (Heritage and Sefi 1992); the inappropriateness of the advisors (Jefferson and Lee 1992); or discrepancies in the interpretation of a problem (Murakami 1994).

One of the difficulties in counselling or therapeutic settings is that the giving of advice in these interactions is a ‘process’ that is long and complex. In order to understand advice resistance, it is essential, first and foremost, to identify the characteristics of advice and how it is delivered. The present analysis of Japanese radio phone-in programs focuses on advice in order to identify its formal characteristics and also to try to understand the factors that determine its acceptance or resistance.
“The doctor said I suffer from Vitamin € deficiency”
Authors: Tsakona Villy
Published: July 2015

Research on political jokes has more often than not concentrated on their content, which is related to, and interpreted in view of, the sociopolitical events and contexts that have given rise to the jokes investigated each time. The present study intends to suggest that there are other aspects of political joke-telling that could be taken into consideration when exploring its social functions and goals: First, the subgenres employed by speakers to convey their humorous perspectives on political issues; and, second, speakers’ spontaneous comments on the jokes under scrutiny. The variety of subgenres could be related to the diverse ways joke-tellers perceive and encode their everyday problems and political views. Speakers’ spontaneous comments on the content and effects of jokes could reveal why they consider such texts tellable and recyclable, as well as how they evaluate them. The political jokes analyzed here come from a large corpus of humorous material about the current Greek debt crisis and its sociopolitical effects on the Greek society. The analysis reveals the multifunctionality of such jokes: They convey a critical perspective on the current sociopolitical conditions in Greece, strengthen the solidarity bonds among Greek speakers, entertain them, and bolster their morale.
From cell biology to the microbiome: An intentional infinite loop
Authors: Garrett Wendy S.
Published: July 2015

Cell biology is the study of the structure and function of the unit or units of living organisms. Enabled by current and evolving technologies, cell biologists today are embracing new scientific challenges that span many disciplines. The eclectic nature of cell biology is core to its future and remains its enduring legacy.
Perceiving polarization with the naked eye: characterization of human polarization sensitivity
Authors: Temple Shelby E. , McGregor Juliette E. , Miles Camilla , Graham Laura , Miller Josie , Buck Jordan , Scott-Samuel Nicholas E. , Roberts Nicholas W.
Published: July 2015

Like many animals, humans are sensitive to the polarization of light. We can detect the angle of polarization using an entoptic phenomenon called Haidinger's brushes, which is mediated by dichroic carotenoids in the macula lutea. While previous studies have characterized the spectral sensitivity of Haidinger's brushes, other aspects remain unexplored. We developed a novel methodology for presenting gratings in polarization-only contrast at varying degrees of polarization in order to measure the lower limits of human polarized light detection. Participants were, on average, able to perform the task down to a threshold of 56%, with some able to go as low as 23%. This makes humans the most sensitive vertebrate tested to date. Additionally, we quantified a nonlinear relationship between presented and perceived polarization angle when an observer is presented with a rotatable polarized light field. This result confirms a previous theoretical prediction of how uniaxial corneal birefringence impacts the perception of Haidinger's brushes. The rotational dynamics of Haidinger's brushes were then used to calculate corneal retardance. We suggest that psychophysical experiments, based upon the perception of polarized light, are amenable to the production of affordable technologies for self-assessment and longitudinal monitoring of visual dysfunctions such as age-related macular degeneration.