bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fear of Crime Constraint Gender-Specific Mobility Patterns
Authors: Contreras Hugo Alejandro , Vallejos Cristian Esteban Candia , Rodriguez-Sickert Carlos , Ferres Leo , Olchevskaia Rodrigo Vladislav Troncoso
Published: February 2024

In this study, we conduct a detailed empirical analysis of the relationship between personal feelings of insecurity, fear of crime, and the way individuals move and travel in their daily lives, with a particular focus on differences between genders. Our methodology combines subjective data gathered from individuals' reported perceptions of insecurity with objective data derived from digital mobile phone tracking, providing a comprehensive view of how these fears affect people's daily routines and travel patterns. The results of our research highlight that perceived insecurity significantly limits the mobility of individuals from both genders. However, this effect is more acute in women, indicating notable gender-based differences in the impact of perceived insecurity on day-to-day movements. The findings, revealing higher levels of insecurity and fear of crime among women, necessitate urgent policy action. Public policy must prioritize making public spaces, such as bus stops, squares, parks, sports courts, and streets, safer and more welcoming for women. This approach is essential for creating an urban environment that is inclusive, secure, and conducive to the well-being of all its inhabitants.
The Changing Definitions of the Greenhouse Effect or GHE
Authors: Godwin Brendan
Published: February 2024

It’s been claimed now for the past 36 to 40 years that there is a Greenhouse Effect or GHE that warms Earth and it’s atmosphere, but it has never been clearly defined as to what this GHE idea is. Ideas have been put forward but no sooner are they put forward they are altered and/or changed. The GHE idea is forever morphing into something different. This paper documents all the different GHE ideas that have been advanced in the scientific community and to the general public and provides analysis.
Diseño de un ligante bituminoso modificado con membranas de polipropileno con polìmeros considerando variaciones extremas de temperatura en chimborazo
Authors: Bejarano-Chaguancallo Vanesa , Camino-Cepeda Alexandra , Pazmiño-Chiluiza Vladimir , Andrade Alexis
Published: February 2024

El propósito de esta investigación fue añadir membranas de polipropileno con polímeros para el diseño de un ligante modificado que se comporte adecuadamente en cambios extremos de temperatura en la provincia de Chimborazo. Para su desarrollo se utilizó como base un ligante asfáltico AC-20, SBR y PP; a través del estado del arte se elaboró cinco muestras denominadas con las siglas A, B, C, D y E, finalmente se realizó ensayos de caracterización convencionales y grado de desempeño. Además, mediante la indagación en la INAMHI y Plan de Desarrollo y Ordenamiento Territorial se obtuvo información de temperaturas máximas y mínimas registradas en la provincia de Chimborazo durante los últimos 10 años. Los datos obtenidos determinaron que la muestra modificada con 0.5% de PP y 1% de SBR presenta los mejores resultados considerando características físicas y desempeño en temperaturas extremas, debido al incrementa de 14.90% del punto de inflamación y 5.4% en la temperatura de falla con respecto al ligante convencional AC-20; mayor deformación ante las cargas solicitadas, una disminución del 53.17 % en su rigidez a una temperatura de -10°C. Por otro lado, a partir de la variación climática de Chimborazo y en base al algoritmo LTPP, se determinó que la temperatura máxima y mínima del pavimento es de 58.50°C y -3.18°C respectivamente. La adición de 0.5% de PP y 1% de SBR mejoró las propiedades físicas y reológicas del ligante convencional, por ende, es apropiado su uso en la provincia de Chimborazo.
The Effectiveness of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: De Vera Patricia
Published: February 2024

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety-related disorder. Obsessions are experienced as recurring, unwanted thoughts. In response to obsessions, people feel driven to act with repetitive behaviours, known as compulsions. Obsessions and compulsions cause significant distress and impairment in an individual’s daily life and relationships. OCD is relatively common, with a lifetime prevalence rate between 2%-3%. Thus, research must find an effective treatment for individuals with OCD. This paper examines a relatively new area of research that explores the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to treat OCD. TMS is a non-invasive brain stimulation that has recently shown promising effects in treating psychological disorders. Studies researching TMS on OCD, primarily with individuals who have not responded to previous treatments, have found it to be effective, with symptoms significantly decreasing post-treatment, and with effects lasting up to 3-months post-treatment. Overall, TMS appears to offer an effective alternative for individuals with treatment-resistant OCD. However, while studies on TMS show significant results, participants with greater OCD symptoms and/or sleep disturbances tend to report a decreased response to treatment. Also, studies using TMS typically have limitations with their sample sizes, lack of control groups, and lack of long-term follow-up assessments. Overall, TMS appears to be effective for OCD, but future research needs to address current limitations to determine the true effectiveness of this new treatment.
Increasing student literacy through reading corners at Nurul Ulum Primary School, Bojonegoro
Authors: Kholidah Neneng Rika Jazilatul , Prastiwi Chyntia Heru Woro , Rika Rika Pristian , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: February 2024

Nurul Ulum Elementary School is a private institution with limited space, lacking a library or reading corner within the classrooms. Consequently, students have limited access to a diverse range of interesting books. This community service initiative aims to enhance student literacy by establishing a reading corner that offers various sources of reading material. The activities include setting up reading corners, conducting outreach, and performing evaluations. The outcome of these efforts is an increased interest among students in reading books and the development of literacy skills. This is evident through the enthusiasm of students who take turns selecting books and reading during break time. Through these initiatives, Nurul Ulum Elementary School students have successfully cultivated a culture of literacy within the school environment.
Strengthening palm sugar product competitiveness through digital marketing
Authors: Himarosa Rela Adi , Krisdiyanto Krisdiyanto , Fildzah Azmatun , Baihaqi Muhammad , Sofyantoro Fajar
Published: February 2024

Palm sugar, derived from coconuts, holds longstanding cultural significance in Indonesian society, offering substantial economic value. The hamlet of Nganti in Yogyakarta thrives on coconut farming and palm sugar production. Despite its potential, the palm sugar industry grapples with challenges such as limited market access and a lack of technological awareness. To address these issues, the application of digital marketing is envisioned to broaden market reach and establish robust branding. This community service program is designed to empower and optimize palm sugar marketing through digital strategies, targeting local palm sugar farmers and producers. Activities encompass discussions, digital marketing training, the creation of a video profile, and the establishment of digital marketing accounts. The program has successfully enhanced public understanding of digital marketing, facilitating effective product promotion. The initiation of social media accounts and profile videos serves to broaden product visibility to a wider audience. The most notable outcome is the increased accessibility to markets and heightened product sales.
Development and Implementation of LPG/Gasoline Bi-Fuel Engine Teaching Media for Vocational High Schools
Authors: Setiyo Muji , Saifudin Saifudin , Setiawan Agus , Rochman Muhammad Latifur , Kurniawan Sofyan , Setyanansyach Dhasa Ikrar
Published: February 2024

In 2022, the World Liquified Petroleum Gas Association (WLPGA) reported that there are more than 28.3 million LPG-fueled vehicles used throughout the world with an increasing trend in the last 20 years. The growth of LPG-fueled vehicles will require more mechanics from vocational school graduates who master environmentally friendly technology. Considering the availability of resources, Muhammadiyah Vocational High School 1 Bandongan Magelang (SMK MUTU Bandongan) has the potential to complement the competencies of graduates with mastery and skills in servicing modern and environmentally friendly vehicles, as one of their uniqueness from others. Therefore, we develop and implement environmentally friendly automotive technology learning media, especially LPG-fueled vehicles at SMK MUTU Bandongan. This is an implementation of research on LPG-fueled vehicles over the last 10 years. Activities are carried out through (1) rebuilding and reconditioning the engine which will be modified into a bi-fuel engine; (2) procurement and installation of converter kits; and (3) increasing teacher competency.
Empowering KWT Mekarsari Bigaran through the ant sugar digital branding program for market expansion
Authors: Susanti Dwi , Faizah Rayinda , Dwihantoro Prihatin , Amelia Tiffani Anggi , Sari Dessy Nurmala
Published: February 2024

The urgency of developing the Bigaran BALKONDES was expanded with the involvement of the Mekarsari Women's Farmers Group (KWT) to produce new products, one of which was Ant Sugar. Currently, KWT Mekarsari does not yet have a concept about the characteristics and advantages of Ismi ant sugar products and there are no plans for a market expansion program via digital platforms. The aim of this service activity is to focus on solving product production and management problems in several stages with the ultimate aim of increasing market share through digital branding and marketing. Service activities are carried out by implementing digital marketing training and social media management and organizational management training. The result of this activity is the availability of a new brand from KWT Mekarsari, namely Gula Semut Mekarsari with new packaging. Apart from that, social media is also available as a digital marketing tool via the Instagram account @gulasemut.mekarsari.
Increasing knowledge of health and psychology for migrant workers
Authors: Mas'udah Anni Fithriyatul , Isro’in Laily , Putri Dianita Rifqia
Published: February 2024

The workload of Indonesian migrant workers (PMI) has a significant impact on both physical and psychological health. One consequential issue is the prevalence of chronic kidney failure (CKD) among PMI in Ponorogo who undergo hemodialysis (HD). PMI often remain unaware of whether their behaviors in migrant countries contribute to CKD. This community service initiative aims to educate PMI about behaviors that pose a risk of causing CKD. The service activities unfold in three stages. The first stage involves a presentation on psychology, followed by an explanation regarding health, and concluding with a discussion. The outcome of this initiative is an increase in knowledge among prospective PMIs regarding both health and psychology. Knowledge about CKD increased by 30%, motivation saw a 14% increase, social support rose by 34%, and there was a 39% increase in support for a healthy living environment. These findings suggest that prospective PMIs can better prepare themselves for work in migrant countries by prioritizing attention to both physical and psychological health, even amidst lifestyle differences.
Training in writing creative literary works to improve 21st century skills for elementary school teachers
Authors: Cahyaningtyas Andarini Permata , Pratiwi Pundani Eki , Andriani Aldina Eka , Simanungkalit Indra
Published: February 2024

This community service activity is prompted by teachers' demand for competence in writing literary works, particularly poetry and short stories. Therefore, the objective of this community service is to enhance the writing abilities of teachers at SDN Genuksari 01 in Semarang City, focusing on poetry and short story composition. The activity is divided into two stages: preparation and implementation. These stages include delivering materials, engaging in question and answer sessions, providing assistance in literary work composition, and conducting outreach on self-publication. The positive reception of this activity is evident due to the numerous benefits it brings to participants. These include an increase in knowledge and competence in composing poetry and short stories based on their observations and experiences. Participants also learn to create poetry using simple words. The aspiration is that this knowledge won't be confined to teachers alone but will also be passed on to students, fostering a greater appreciation for engaging in literary work.
Education to raise community awareness in preventing forest and peatland fires
Authors: Indrawati Ajeng Candra , Muhardi Muhardi , Tantri Oktaviana , Irawan Muhamad Fajar , Purba Indra Sanjaya , Wulandari Oktavia , Amanda Tia , Putra Muhammad Ghaza Eka
Published: February 2024

Forest and peatland fires in Jangkang Dua Village, Kubu Raya Regency, pose a recurring issue, transpiring nearly every year. Over the past three years, there have been forest and peatland fires covering an estimated area of approximately 6 hectares. This predicament can lead to various adverse impacts, such as ecological damage, health disturbances, and economic setbacks for the community. Hence, there is a need to enhance the vigilance of the Fire Care Community to preempt future fires. This program is scheduled for implementation from June to December 2022. The approach involves educational activities focusing on forest and peatland fire disaster mitigation, restoration of burnt peatlands, canalization, and peatland vegetation. Additionally, firefighting equipment has undergone renovation. Evaluation results indicate the program's considerable success, achieving a percentage index of 90.88%. Findings from this service activity affirm that PPK Ormawa activities are effective in heightening the Fire Concern Community's alertness.
Waste management education for the community of Duri Kepa Village, West Jakarta
Authors: Eff Aprilita Rina Yanti , Resmiati Mellisa , Purborini Mayang Ayu , Kusumaningtiar Devi Angeliana
Published: February 2024

The RW. 02 in Duri Kepa Village, Kebon Jeruk District, West Jakarta, is a densely populated region situated close to the market, where frequent floods occur. The market area is marred by indiscriminate rubbish disposal, and it has been used as a temporary landfill, leading to a buildup of waste, unpleasant odors, and triggering floods. Community service activities aim to enhance residents' awareness and knowledge of waste management. These activities involve outreach and education conducted for RW residents in Duri Kepa Village. Posters and brochures are distributed from house to house, complemented by lectures and discussions. Analysis of pre-test and post-test results on 70 participants reveals that the socialization and education efforts successfully increased knowledge about waste management by 24.99 points.
Efforts to increase the value of salak products in Wonokerto Village, Sleman
Authors: Muhaimin Muhaimin , Julianto Tatang Shabur , Virgiawan Rheyza
Published: February 2024

Salak is a prominent agricultural commodity in the Sleman Region, particularly in Wonokerto Village, Turi District. Residents of Wonokerto continue to rely on salak as a source of income, selling it in its fresh fruit form. However, salak farmers currently face a challenge with the declining selling value of their produce, especially during the main harvest season. Salak with a low selling value tends to go unsold and may end up rotting. The objective of this community service activity is to increase the added value of processed salak products, such as salak fruit vinegar, and provide licensing assistance for effective marketing. The community service activities are divided into two parts: learning and mentoring. The results of the activity demonstrate that residents can successfully produce salak fruit vinegar. Participants showed great enthusiasm and interest in making salak vinegar, with 44.44% expressing high satisfaction with the training. The salak vinegar product has received certification with P-IRT number 1093404011436-28 and Business Identification Number (NIB) 1610230086544.
Assistance for Tasik Said Na'um Market traders through market duplication in facing the digital market
Authors: Istia Maria Nino , Ariyanti Tika Dwi , Untari Sri Isti , Lukitaningrum Kristin
Published: February 2024

Entrepreneurs at Tasik Tanah Abang Market require guidance and facility support to develop their businesses sustainably and increase profitability. This community service program aims to broaden their knowledge of online marketing tools through empowerment activities, enhancing accessibility in the digital market. By helping them understand the opportunities presented by online sales, the goal is to expand their sales and increase turnover. The implementation of this community service activity involves providing online selling through streaming, offering assistance with live selling techniques on social media, and promoting the market through video on social media platforms. The results of the activity indicate that providing support for traders through market duplication can yield significant benefits. Sales assistance with live selling also enhances traders' understanding of utilizing online platforms for product marketing. By creating additional distribution channels through digital markets, traders can expand their customer reach without neglecting the significance of traditional markets. This approach not only increases income but also contributes to economic sustainability for these entrepreneurs.
Utilization of waste cooking oil into aromatherapy candles
Authors: Suharyani Ine , Nuriansyah Wildan Akmal , Ulfa Silvia Baetul , Sopiah Sopi Siti , Akbar Wulan Rabbani , Naros Dwi Novikasari , Savira Julia , Mursalim Alifia Hidayati , Ghazany S Muhammad Raihan Aranda , Hajar Siti
Published: February 2024

Home industries in Cipeujeuh Kulon Village produce a significant quantity of used cooking oil to process the food they manufacture. The objective of this service program is to diminish the recurrent use of discarded cooking oil, decrease consumption, and minimize the amount of culinary waste by utilizing used cooking oil as a fundamental ingredient in crafting aromatherapy candles. The employed methods encompass socialization and hands-on practice. The outcomes of this initiative reveal an enhanced public comprehension, encouraging individuals to abstain from consuming used cooking oil while promoting its utilization in crafting aromatherapy candles. Furthermore, participants demonstrate the ability to independently produce aromatherapy candles using used cooking oil.
Canva application training to support teaching at Kindergarten Tunas Rimba 1, Samarinda
Authors: Herman Rony , Cahyadi Dwi
Published: February 2024

Teacher competence, especially in the field of digital technology and the development of teaching materials for early childhood education, is very much needed at this time. Tunas Rimba 1 Kindergarten teachers are required to try to find opportunities to take part in training both organized by the government and the private sector. For the Samarinda State Polytechnic Design Department, it is important to provide additional skills regarding the use of digital technology to Tunas Rimba 1 Samarinda Kindergarten teachers to support their teaching. In this case, use the Canva application to create teaching materials that can be presented both visually and audioly so that young children will easily like them. The method of implementing the training begins with an introduction to Canva, practicing the application of Canva in learning, giving assignments and evaluating the designs made by kindergarten teachers. From the results of the Canva design application training activities to support teaching for Tunas Rimba 1 Kindergarten Teachers in Samarinda, it showed a significant improvement, marked by the high level of positive and enthusiastic responses from participants towards the training.
Personality development education for school-age children to enhance the soft skills and overall quality
Authors: Subur Subur , Al-Afghany Sholachuddin , Rahmatari Vika , Maylia Vina Nurmalita , Agustin Nayla Anggra , Anggoro Andhi Ari
Published: February 2024

Kebon Wage Hamlet, Ngepanrejo Village, has a Qoryah Thoyyibah learning studio built by PPMT UNIMMA students in 2022 in collaboration with partners from LazisMU. However, there is still a problem, that there is no special training to develop the soft skills of children studying in the studio. This service activity aims to improve student character. The service is carried out using the PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal) method, involving the community. All students and teachers in soft skills training are actively involved in the activity process. Besides that, children are also given training in soft skills and the skills to plant green beans using cotton, make wall magazines, learn to color, play puzzles, and participate in leadership activities. The results of this service include increased self-confidence in public speaking and an improved ability to articulate thoughts when speaking in public.
Mitigating conflict between human and long-tailed macaque in Balun Ijuk Village, Bangka Regency
Authors: Syafutra Randi , Apriyani Ririn , Fatmawati Fatmawati , Febriyani Reani , Sakti Muhammad Yulio Gempa , Kurbiyanto Aji
Published: February 2024

Negative interactions between humans and wildlife, as well as a decrease in the quality of wildlife habitat, can result in conflicts between humans and wildlife. Under certain conditions, this conflict can be detrimental to all parties involved. This Community Service (CS) project aimed to increase people’s knowledge and improve their attitude and perception towards the long-tailed macaque in Balun Ijuk Village. The project utilized three methods in stages: (1) Unstructured Interview, (2) Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and (3) Socialization. Ultimately, this CS project had a positive impact by increasing knowledge and improving the attitude and perception of the people towards the long-tailed macaque in Balun Ijuk Village.
LEPPIM Intensive Class (LIC): Student scientific essay writing training
Authors: Alam Bening Cipta , Mutiara Eka Ariya , Fuada Syifaul , Hasugian Leonardi Paris , Theofilus Karynda Natalie , Siam Ashza Nur , Gianti Mahmudah Salwa , Yulianto Aan , Susmawati Ellis
Published: February 2024

The LEPPIM Intensive Class (LIC) 2023 is an annual work program organized by the Department of Student Resource Development (DPSDM), serving as the first cadre level for new LEPPIM UPI Purwakarta 2023 students. The goal of the LEPPIM Intensive Class 2023 is to provide a comprehensive understanding of writing ethics and the scientific essay structure. The method employed involves creating a training concept through lectures featuring professional speakers. The level of student understanding is evaluated by comparing pre-test and post-test results, which are conducted using Google Forms. Upon comparing the pre-test and post-test results, it was observed that there was a 15.5% increase in participants' understanding of writing ethics and a 16.3% increase in their comprehension of the structure of scientific essays. Therefore, it can be concluded that this activity has successfully enhanced the participants' understanding of writing ethics and the structure of scientific essays.
Education on the use of compost blocks for chili cultivation for coastal sand farming groups
Authors: Susanawati Susanawati , Mulyono Mulyono , Akhmadi Heri
Published: February 2024

High temperatures in the land are one of the obstacles faced in cultivating chilies on coastal sand, resulting in nutrients being easily lost and not lasting long. An alternative solution to overcome this problem is to use compost block planting media. This service activity aims to provide knowledge and skills in utilizing agricultural waste for compost as a medium for planting chilies in beach sand. The service methods used are (1) Counseling and Focus Group Discussions about compost blocks; (2) training and demonstration on making block compost; (3) demonstration plot for the use of compost blocks for chili plants, and (4) monitoring and evaluation before, during, and after the activity takes place. The results of service activities show that partners are very enthusiastic about participating in all activities, as shown by an increase in partners' knowledge about compost blocks by 47%. There are 12% of chili plants that die when planted using compost blocks. Meanwhile, chili plants planted conventionally without compost blocks produced more dead plants, namely 30%.
Midazolam for procedural sedation in adults and children. Literature review
Authors: Babina Yuliana , Dmytriev Dmytro , Nazarchuk Oleksandr , Dmytriieva Kateryna
Published: February 2024

The use of medicated procedural sedation in ambulatory surgery and in intensive care units has become popular due to increased treatment options for the doctor and increased comfort for the patient. The purpose of this literature review is to highlight studies reporting the efficacy and safety of midazolam as a sedative in adults and children for procedural sedation.
A randomized controlled study of Ropivacaine with adjuvants in ultra sound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus blockade.
Authors: Abhishek M , Nagaraju T
Published: February 2024

Adjuvants in brachial plexus blockade can improve the patient care by prolonging postoperative analgesia and early mobilization of patient with stable hemodynamics. Brachial plexus block has possible complications like local anaesthetic systemic toxicity, pneumothorax, nerve injury etc. These limitations can be overcome by use of ultrasound guided block with adjuvants like dexmedetomidine and clonidine to prolong the duration of block and postoperative analgesia. Ropivacaine¹ has greater degree of motor differentiation and less cardiotoxicity.
Setting and Design: A prospective double – blind randomized control trial comprising of 90 subjects posted for elective upper extremity surgeries.
Aim: To compare the onset, duration of sensory blockade, motor blockade and analgesia of 0.5% ropivacaine with clonidine 1mg.kg-1 and 0.5% ropivacaine with dexmedetomidine 1mg.kg-1 in upper extremity surgeries.
Methods: Ninety patients aged between 18 – 60yrs of American Society of Anaesthesiology (ASA) Physical Status Class 1 and 2, scheduled for various elective upper extremity surgeries were selected and randomly allocated into two groups of 45 patients each. Group A received 20mL of 0.5% Ropivacaine with dexmedetomidine 1mg.kg-1 and Group B received 20 ml of 0.5% Ropivacaine with clonidine 1mg.kg-1 in 2mL of distilled water. Parameters were compared between the study groups.
Results: In Group A, 73.3% of the patients showed onset of sensory block of 8 minutes. And 26.7% of the patients showed onset of sensory block of 10 minutes. In Group B, 44.4% of the patients showed onset of sensory block of 8 minutes, and 26.7% of the patients showed onset of sensory block of 10 min. There was a statistically significant decrease in onset of block and increase in mean duration of sensory and motor block in Group A as compared to Group B.
Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine added to 0.5 % ropivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block decreased the time of onset of sensory and motor block and prolonged the postoperative analgesia.
Efficacy and Safety of Bupivacaine (Local Anaesthetic) Infiltration at Wound Site for Post-Operative Pain Relief in Cases Undergoing Elective Abdominal Surgery - a Randomised control trial
Authors: Hombal Prashant , Gudadappanavar Anupama , Javali Shivalingappa
Published: February 2024

Objectives: The efficacy and safety of Bupivacaine infiltration at the wound site were studied for postoperative pain relief in patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery.
Methods and Materials: A randomized clinical trial conducted in an institution of medical education and a tertiary care centre. A total of 90 patients who were scheduled for elective abdominal surgery were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Bupivacaine infiltration was given to Group T, while sterile water was given to Group C at the incision site just before closure of the wound. The pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analogue Score (VAS) at different time intervals after surgery. The requirements for rescue analgesic, pain VAS, patient satisfaction score, and side effects were  recorded over the course of 24 hours following surgery. The data was statistically analysed and expressed as a mean +/- standard deviation. The data was analysed using the Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon Test of matched pairs. *P < 0.05 is considered statistically significant.
Results: The difference in VAS score after 2 hrs, 4 hrs, 8 hrs, and 24 hrs was found to be significantly higher in the control group as compared to the experimental group. At the end of 24 hrs, the mean score in the control group was 3.02 ± 0.66, which is higher as compared to the experimental group, which was 2.33± 0.67 (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Infiltration of Bupivacaine at the incision site was extremely effective for post-operative pain control with maximum patient satisfaction. This study may provide new evidence to formulate guidelines for optimum pain management in the postoperative setting for the benefit of patients with a reduced need for analgesics.
Morbidity and mortality from cardiac pain in myocardial infarction in the city of Vinnytsia
Authors: Smirnova V , Dnistryanskyi B
Published: February 2024

Cardiac pain during myocardial infarction is the cause of morbidity and mortality in Ukraine in 50,000 patients. The dynamics of morbidity rates from myocardial infarction in the city of Vinnytsia over five years were studied, which increased compared of the data of 2018 to 2022. Instead, there was a trend toward a decrease in the death rate from MI from 2018 to 2022, which indicates the successful operation of medical institutions and the effective treatment of these patients.
A study of peripheral nerve block for analgesia during caesarean section
Authors: Solanki Smit , Mishra Vineet
Published: February 2024

In multimodal analgesia regimens for postcesarean delivery, peripheral nerve blocks play a special role. These peripheral nerve blocks, including transversus abdominis plane, quadratus lumborum, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal, erector spinae, continuous wound infiltration and paravertebral blocks will be discussed in this review paper. Anatomy, data from the literature, and particular areas that require more study will all be evaluated. In the context of emergency caesarean births, considerations for local anaesthetic toxicity and informed consent for these modalities will be highlighted.
Functional outcomes in MRI-guided laser interstitial therapy for temporal lobe epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Brenner Daniel A. , Valdivia Daniel J. , Dadario Nicholas B. , Aiyathurai Jonathan , Mashiach Elad , Ginalis Elizabeth E. , Quinoa Travis R. , Wong Timothy , Sun Hai
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE

The use of MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) has emerged as a promising treatment option for patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Although the minimally invasive approach holds promise as an effective treatment for achieving seizure freedom, a comprehensive review of its impact on functional outcomes is still warranted. To address this need, this review aims to summarize data pertaining to the functional and neurocognitive outcomes following MRgLITT for TLE.

METHODS

Four primary electronic databases were screened following PRISMA guidelines by two independent reviewers. All functional data related to cognitive, behavioral, and emotional outcomes were gathered and analyzed as well as the neuropsychological tests issued to assess pre- and postoperative outcomes. The functional outcomes assessed were grouped into the 5 most common categories: verbal cognition, visual cognition, cognitive emotion, visual deficits, and other higher-order cognitive functioning.

RESULTS

A total of 4184 studies were screened and ultimately 408 patients from 14 studies were included for analysis. Changes in functional areas were assessed by comparing pre- and postoperative scores across a comprehensive set of 31 different functional and cognitive assessments, and were tabulated as the percentage of patients whose status improved, declined, or was maintained, where possible. In verbal (n = 112) and visual (n = 42) cognition, the rates of patients experiencing a decline were 20.4% and 13.5%, respectively, and the rates of improvement were 24.9% and 16.7%, respectively. Other functional outcomes assessed, including cognitive emotion (n = 150), visual deficits (n = 325), and higher-order cognitive processes like attention/processing (n = 19), motor cognition (n = 18), and general executive function (n = 4), exhibited varying rates of decline, ranging from 10.5% to 25%.

CONCLUSIONS

MRgLITT is an effective and minimally invasive surgical alternative treatment for TLE, but there is an observable impact on patient functioning and cognitive status. This review demonstrates the need for standardized methods that can accurately capture and quantify the associated risk of MRgLITT to optimize its effect on patient quality of life moving forward.
Disparities in the treatment of movement disorders using deep brain stimulation
Authors: Venkatraman Vishal , Futch Brittany G. , Bode Padron Kevin J. , Yang Lexie Z. , Lee Hui-Jie , Seas Andreas , Parente Beth , Shofty Ben , Lad Shivanand P. , Williamson Theresa L. , Rahimpour Shervin
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET). Although the prevalence of PD and ET can vary by sex and race, little is known about the accessibility of neurosurgical treatments for these conditions. In this nationwide study, the authors aimed to characterize trends in the use of DBS for the treatment of PD and ET and to identify disparities in the neurosurgical treatment of these diseases based on ethnic, racial, sex, insurance, income, hospital, and geographic factors.

METHODS

Using the dates January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2019, the authors queried the National Inpatient Sample database for all discharges with an ICD-9 or ICD-10 diagnosis of PD or ET. Among these discharges, the DBS rates were reported for each subgroup of race, ethnicity, and sex. To develop national estimates, all analyses were weighted.

RESULTS

Among 2,517,639 discharges with PD, 29,820 (1.2%) received DBS, and among 652,935 discharges with ET, 11,885 (1.8%) received DBS. Amid the PD cases, Black patients (n = 405 [0.2%], OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.12–0.20) were less likely than White patients (n = 23,975 [1.2%]) to receive DBS treatment, as were Hispanic patients (n = 1965 [1.1%], OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.65–0.88), whereas Asian/Pacific Islander patients (n = 855 [1.5%]) did not statistically differ from White patients. Amid the ET cases, Black (n = 230 [0.8%], OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.27–0.56), Hispanic (n = 215 [1.0%], OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.28–0.55), and Asian/Pacific Islander (n = 55 [1.0%], OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.28–0.93) patients were less likely than White patients (n = 10,440 [1.9%]) to receive DBS. Females were less likely than males to receive DBS for PD (OR 0.69, p < 0.0001) or ET (OR 0.70, p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS

The authors describe significant racial and sex-based differences in the utilization of DBS for the treatment of PD and ET. Further research is required to ascertain the causes of these disparities, as well as any differences in access to specialty neurosurgical care and referral for neuromodulation approaches.
Patient and caregiver perceptions of Chiari malformation: a qualitative analysis of online discussion boards
Authors: Koller Gretchen M. , Kann Michael R. , Pugazenthi Sangami , Koneru Shriya , Bhavsar Sanjeevani , Strahle Jennifer M.
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE

Patients and their caregivers utilize online discussion board forums as a means to seek and exchange information about their or a loved one’s condition. It is important for providers to be aware of such concerns and experiences. The goal of this study was to identify the primary concerns expressed on these discussion boards regarding Chiari malformation type I (CM) and to help guide clinicians in understanding patient challenges in the treatment of CM.

METHODS

The authors performed thematic analysis of anonymous online discussion board posts as identified through internet search engines. They then adopted a previously developed grounded theory method that utilizes a three-tiered coding and grouping process of posts based on commonly discovered content themes.

RESULTS

Analysis of 400 discussion board posts identified four distinct themes raised by CM patients and their caregivers: the path to diagnosis, symptoms experienced, surgical intervention, and high emotional burden. Although each individual experience was unique, the path toward a CM diagnosis was expressed as a journey involving multiple physicians, alternative diagnoses, and feelings of dismissal from providers. The most common reported symptoms included dizziness, headaches, neck and back pain, sensory issues, weakness and paresthesias of the extremities, speech issues, and general fatigue. Additionally, there was an overall sense of uncertainty from patients seeking advice regarding surgical intervention, with users expressing diverse sentiments that included both positive and negative outcomes regarding surgical treatment. Lastly, a wide range of emotions was expressed related to a CM diagnosis, including concern, worry, anxiety, depression, stress, fear, and frustration.

CONCLUSIONS

CM is a frequent imaging diagnosis identified in patients presenting with a wide range of symptoms, and as a result this leads to a diverse set of patient experiences. Analysis of CM patient and caregiver discussion boards revealed key themes that clinicians may address when counseling for CM.
A comparison of computed tomography angiography and digital subtraction angiography for the diagnosis of penetrating cerebrovascular injury: a prospective multicenter study
Authors: Meyer R. Michael , Grandhi Ramesh , Lim Do H. , Salah Walid K. , McAvoy Malia , Abecassis Zachary A. , Bonow Robert H. , Walker Melanie , Ghodke Basavaraj V. , Menacho Sarah T. , Durfy Sharon , Chesnut Randall M. , Kim Louis J. , Bell Randy S. , Levitt Michael R.
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE

In this research, the authors sought to characterize the incidence and extent of cerebrovascular lesions after penetrating brain injury in a civilian population and to compare the diagnostic value of head computed tomography angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in their diagnosis.

METHODS

This was a prospective multicenter cohort study of patients with penetrating brain injury due to any mechanism presenting at two academic medical centers over a 3-year period (May 2020 to May 2023). All patients underwent both CTA and DSA. The sensitivity and specificity of CTA was calculated, with DSA considered the gold standard. The number of DSA studies needed to identify a lesion requiring treatment that had not been identified on CTA was also calculated.

RESULTS

A total of 73 patients were included in the study, 33 of whom had at least 1 penetrating cerebrovascular injury, for an incidence of 45.2%. The injuries included 13 pseudoaneurysms, 11 major arterial occlusions, 9 dural venous sinus occlusions, 8 dural arteriovenous fistulas, and 6 carotid cavernous fistulas. The sensitivity of CTA was 36.4%, and the specificity was 85.0%. Overall, 5.6 DSA studies were needed to identify a lesion requiring treatment that had not been identified with CTA.

CONCLUSIONS

Cerebrovascular injury is common after penetrating brain injury, and CTA alone is insufficient to diagnosis these injuries. Patients with penetrating brain injuries should routinely undergo DSA.
Students’ Perspective on the Implementation of Gagne’s Nine Instructional Events in Collaborative Project-Based English Language Teaching
Authors: Yulinda Desi , Yundayani Audi , Juhana Juhana
Published: February 2024

This research is a qualitative study that aims to describe students' perspectives on the implementation of Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction in the process of project-based collaborative learning in English subject at one of the high schools in Batam. The informants of this study were 132 students from three classes of grade XI. The data collection methods used were questionnaires and interviews with 6 students randomly selected based on their academic performance from the same classes. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The result of this study showed that the students responded positively to the implementation of Gagne's Nine Events of Instructions in project-based collaborative learning in the learning process. Gagne's framework has been successful in improving students' understanding, fostering, and becoming a platform for creativity development, and creating a pleasant learning atmosphere for teachers and students. They also agreed that Gagne's Nine Events of Instructions in project-based collaborative learning has an impact on building students' positive character personally and socially.
Discovery Learning Learning Analysis to Develop High Level Cognitive Learning Outcomes Based on Student Metacognitive Characteristics
Authors: Rahayu Putri , Yulianti Dwi , Adha Muhammad Mona , Perdana Ryzal , Nurwahidin Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Study findings about students' learning needs became the basis for this research. To improve high-level cognitive learning outcomes based on students' metacognitive characteristics, this research will apply Discovery Learning. This research uses Solomon Four Groups Design, a type of quasi-experimental research methodology. The research population was 216 fourth grade students at Al Kautsar Elementary School. In keeping with the research objectives, a cluster random sampling approach was used to select the sample for this investigation, resulting in a total of 112 students. The data analysis method uses the Man Whitney test which is non-parametric. Research findings show that discovery learning is effectively implemented in elementary schools because it can foster student participation in learning activities, which in turn can improve cognitive learning outcomes at a high level based on students' metacognitive characteristics.
Can an Ideal Library Guarantee High Elementary School Students' Interest in Reading?
Authors: Martesya Anggi , Abduh Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Reading is a very important activity because it is used to disseminate information for learning. This is due to access to information and knowledge related to reading. This research aims to explore reading interest and the factors that influence reading interest in private elementary schools in Surakarta. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. The informant selection technique in this research used several data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this research indicate that interest in reading in Surakarta private elementary schools is relatively low. Due to students' lack of reading ability, reading must be ordered by the teacher. Students often play during recess. The influencing factors are internal and external factors. Internal factors are factors that come from oneself, while external factors are from outside, such as the family environment, peers, gadgets, and libraries that are far from the classroom. In conclusion, the low interest in reading among Surakarta Private Elementary School students is influenced by several factors.
Teachers’ Perceptions of Literacy Implementation in Elementary Schools
Authors: Rahmi Intan Aulia , Santi Arfa Novia , Ramadhan Syahrul , Sukma Elfia
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out how teachers perceive the implementation of literacy at the Gugus 1 Elementary School, North Padang District, Padang City. The research method used is quantitative descriptive. Data collection techniques through distribution of surveys implementing literacy questionnaires. The dimensions of implementing literacy described in this research consist of positive statements and negative statements. The results of the research show that teachers have a fairly positive perception tendency, this can be seen from the percentage of scores obtained from distributing the questionnaire and the explanation from the table. A very positive perception shows that teachers also participate in literacy activities at school. These results come from an analysis of the factors that cause teacher perceptions, namely functional factors and structural factors. Apart from that, it can be said that the teacher has been successful in implementing reading literacy.
The Effect of Attractiveness of Creative Product and Entrepreneurship Subjects through Creativity on Entrepreneurial Interest
Authors: Suci Hestri Candra , Hermawati Sri
Published: February 2024

Entrepreneurial activities today are accessible to every class of society, many students have done entrepreneurship, especially at the vocational high school level. Students interest in entrepreneurship activities can be influenced by internal factors and external factors. The initial hypothesis of the study found that there were external factors originating from teaching and learning activities, which focused on the interaction of teachers and students. This study aims to determine how much influence this learning has on the creative power and entrepreneurial interest of public and private vocational school students in Bekasi city. The population in this study included all Vocational High School's students in Bekasi City using a purposive random sampling method, using a closed questionnaire technique with alternative answers using a Likert scale with a sample of 200 students from class XI and XII at public and private Vocational High Schools in Bekasi City who participated in the activity of learning to teach on creative product subjects and entrepreneurship. Data collection was carried out for 1 month at the beginning of the school year. The research was analyzed using path analysis, emphasizing the causal relationship between variables, namely creative and entrepreneurial product subjects on students' creativity and business interests. The results showed that the attractiveness of creative product subjects had a direct influence on student creativity by 20.3%, and a direct effect on student entrepreneurial interest by 30.5%.