THERMOMODERNIZATION OF THE HOUSING FUND ON THE BASIS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: STAGES AND DIRECTIONS
Authors: Maksymov A. , Kyrylov I. , Chynchyk A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Thermomodernization, an important component of sustainable development, is aimed at the need for energy efficiency and environmental protection in the residential sector. The article examines the stages and directions of thermal modernization of the housing stock, emphasizing its compliance with the principles of sustainable development. The study examines the environmental, economic and social benefits of thermomodernization, as well as the challenges and future directions needed to strengthen its implementation.
Growing concerns about climate change and energy consumption have highlighted the importance of green practices in various sectors, particularly housing. Retrofitting, which involves upgrading buildings to improve energy efficiency, plays a crucial role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, reducing energy costs and improving living conditions. This article examines the multifaceted advantages of thermal modernization and outlines the complex basis of its stages and directions.
The process of thermal modernization is usually carried out in several stages, each of which is crucial for achieving optimal energy efficiency and sustainability:
Assessment and Planning: The initial phase involves a thorough assessment of the building's current energy performance and identification of areas in need of improvement. This is both an energy audit, a technical and economic justification, and the development of a detailed thermal modernization plan. Selection of design solutions and materials: based on the assessment, the next stage focuses on the design of thermal modernization measures and the selection of appropriate materials. This includes choosing insulation materials, energy efficient windows and modern heating and cooling systems.
Implementation at this stage, the actual construction and modernization works are performed. This involves installing thermal insulation, updating windows, and implementing energy-efficient heating and cooling systems.
Monitoring and evaluation after implementation, the performance of the retrofitted building is monitored to ensure that the desired energy efficiency levels are achieved. Continuous evaluation helps to make necessary adjustments and improvements.
There are several key areas of sustainable thermal modernization of the housing stock. Integration of renewable energy sources: Incorporating renewable energy systems such as solar panels, wind turbines and geothermal systems increases the sustainability of retrofitted buildings by providing clean and renewable energy. Adoption of intelligent technologies: Adoption of intelligent energy management systems and IoT-enabled devices can optimize energy use and provide real-time monitoring and control, further improving energy efficiency. Use of sustainable materials: Choosing environmentally friendly and sustainable materials for insulation and construction reduces the environmental impact and increases the durability of retrofitted buildings.
Thermal modernization of the housing stock provides significant advantages in various aspects. Reduces greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption, helping to mitigate the effects of climate change. Lowers energy costs for homeowners and renters, stimulates economic activity through job creation, and promotes innovation in energy-efficient technologies. Improves living conditions by improving indoor comfort and air quality, and eliminates energy poverty by providing affordable and reliable access to energy.
Despite its advantages, thermal retrofitting faces challenges such as high initial investment costs and the need for comprehensive support. To overcome these challenges, innovative financial solutions and a sound regulatory framework are needed. Future directions include the integration of advanced technologies, an emphasis on sustainable materials, and a holistic approach to the entire life cycle of buildings. Thermal modernization is an important strategy for promoting the sustainable development of the housing sector. By increasing energy efficiency, reducing emissions and improving living conditions, thermal modernization solves important environmental, economic and social problems. The collaborative efforts of policymakers, industry stakeholders, and the public are essential to the successful implementation of retrofit initiatives and the creation of sustainable, low-carbon communities for future generations.