bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of MOMA-plus Method to Solve Some Fully Fuzzy L-R Triangular Multiobjective Linear Programs
Authors: Compaoré Abdoulaye , Somé Kounhinir , Poda Joseph , Somé Blaise
Published: March 2018

In this paper, we propose a novel approach for solving some fully fuzzy L-R triangular multiobjective linear optimization programs using MOMA-plus method (Kounhinir, 2017). This approach is composed of two relevant steps such as the converting of the fully fuzzy L-R triangular multiobjective linear optimization problem into a deterministic multiobjective linear optimization and the applying of the adapting MOMA-plus method. The initial version of MOMA-plus method is designed for multiobjective deterministic optimization (Kounhinir, 2017) and having already been tested on the single-objective fuzzy programs (Abdoulaye, 2017). Our new method allow to find all of the Pareto optimal solutions of a fully fuzzy L-R triangular multiobjective linear optimization problems obtained after conversion. For highlighting the efficiency of our approach a didactic numerical example is dealt with and obtained solutions are compared to Total Objective Segregation Method proposed by Jayalakslmi and Pandia (Jayalakslmi 2014).
DETERMINATION OF THE EFFICIENCY FACTORS OF THE ABSORPTION AND SCATTERING OF NICKEL NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Machulianskyi Oleksandr , Babych Bohdan , Machulianskyi Viktor
Published: March 2018

In the dipole approximation for the spherical nickel nanoparticle with a diameter D0 = 2.5 ÷ 7 nm in the spectral range from 0.2 to 1.1 μm at T = 300 K, efficiency factors of the absorption Κa and scattering Κs were determined with the help of the experimental values of the complex specific electrical polarizability. Numerical calculations of the Κa and Κs of the nickel nanoparticles were carried out in accordance with the theories of classical and quantum dimensional effects. It was shown that it is impossible to explain the photoabsorption of nickel nanoparticles by the intraband (Drude) type of absorption even taking into account classical or quantum dimensional effects.
CONTROL MODEL OF DATA STREAM TRANSMITTED OVER A NETWORK BASED ON PROXYING TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Barkovska Olesia , Serdechnyi Vitaliy
Published: March 2018

Network traffic control model is described in the work, including data mining modules transmitted in the network as well as further qualified data analysis module based on artificial intelligence methods and means, namely recursive and convolutional neural networks. The topicality of work is proved by the intensive scientific research conducted in the field of information security, big data intelligent data processing tools, and stipulated by growing necessity to limit access of children to aggressive information, which can impact on the child’s psychoemotional state. Particular attention is paid in the article to proxy-server development for HTTP query receipt, search for a match in white and black lists and decision making as to data legality.
INVESTIGATION OF THE MEMRISTOR NONLINEAR PROPERTIES
Authors: Khrapko Sviatoslav , Rusyn Volodymyr , Politansky Leonid
Published: March 2018

The study of nonlinear systems is an important research topic for scientists and researchers. Memristor, for a long time, it remained just as a theoretical element and rarely appeared in the literature because of having no simple and practical realization. In this paper, we reviewed
the theoretical substantiation of the memristor and conducted a practical study of its nonlinear properties using the memristor company KNOWM of series BS-AF-W 16DIP. We also investigated the characteristics of the memristor via the LabView environment.
IMITATION MODELING OF THE ROUTING PROCESS BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC
Authors: Lesovoy Ivan , Pylypenko Genadij
Published: March 2018

The paper discusses the details of modeling of the routing process according to the loading of output buffer storage. Shows the obtained dependence of the fraction of lost packets from the input intensity. It is shown that taking into account buffer occupancy increases the efficiency of their use and can significantly affect the quality of the functioning of the telecommunications network in the face of considerable.
INVARIANT PIEZORESONANCE DEVICES BASED ON ADAPTIVE MULTIFREQUENCY SYSTEMS WITH A PREDICTIVE STANDARD
Authors: Pidchenko Sergey , Taranchuk Alla
Published: March 2018

The paper presents conceptual provisions for the construction of invariant multi-frequency piezoelectric resonance devices with a predictive reference model. The law of the optimal control of the system in real time is formulated, aimed at minimizing energy costs to ensure the trajectory of the system. The results of piezoelectric resonance system mathematical modelling in the conditions of temperature and vibration perturbations are presented.
DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC HASH FUNCTIONS BASED ON TWO-DIMENSIONAL CELLULAR AUTOMATA
Authors: Tanasyuk Yuliya , Ostapov Sergey
Published: March 2018

Software solution for cryptographic hash functions based on sponge construction with inner state implemented as two-dimensional cellular automata (CA) has been developed. To perform pseudorandom permutation in round transformation function several combinations of CA rules 30, 54, 86, 150 and 158 have been proposed. The developed hashing mechanism provides effective parallel processing, ensures good statistical and scattering properties, enables one to obtain hash of a varying length and reveals strong avalanche effect.
GENERALIZED APPROACH TO HURST EXPONENT ESTIMATING BY TIME SERIES
Authors: Kirichenko Lyudmyla , Radivilova Tamara , Bulakh Vitalii
Published: March 2018

This paper presents a generalized approach to the fractal analysis of self-similar random processes by short time series. Several stages of the fractal analysis are proposed. Preliminary time series analysis includes the removal of short-term dependence, the identification of true long-term dependence and hypothesis test on the existence of a self-similarity property. Methods of unbiased interval estimation of the Hurst exponent in cases of stationary and non-stationary time series are discussed. Methods of estimate refinement are proposed. This approach is applicable to the study of self-similar time series of different nature.
SPECTRAL SENSITIVITY OF HUMAN VISION TO THE LIGHT PULSES
Authors: Brailovsky Volodymyr , Pyslar Ivan , Rozhdestvenska Margaryta , Michalska Magdalena
Published: March 2018

. In the paper we represent experimental results of the research of human vision sensitivity to pulsed radiation of discrete light emitting diodes (LEDs) of different colors when their dissipated electrical power was the same. We used color components of RGB LED matrix and determined the values of the dissipated power at which resultant LED radiation was perceived as white light. These power values were used to investigate sensitivity of human eye to radiation of each color of RGB matrix. Spectral characteristic of RGB LED under investigation was checked for presence of additional spectral components. The results we obtained give the possibility to develop information systems with concealment of the data transfer process using white light which color components are informative.
ORGANIZATION OF IMPLEMENTATION OF UBIQUITOUS SENSOR NETWORKS
Authors: Toliupa Sergey , Kravchenko Yuriy , Trush Aleksander
Published: March 2018

The article deals with the implementation of one of the most promising technologies of the 21st century – the permeable sensor networks of the USN. The features, architecture, organization and routing algorithms of sensory networks are described. It is determined that further improvement of the work of such networks requires standardization of the development process and implementation process. USN's Vertical Sensor Networks is one of the most promising technologies of the 21st century. Cheap and "smart" sensors, in large quantities combined into a wireless network connected to the public communications network, today provide an unprecedentedly wide range of control and management services for buildings, businesses, cars, and so forth. USN networks, depending on the type of sensors, can be deployed on the ground, in the air, under and over water, in buildings and, finally, on the skin and inside living organisms, including humans. They are also widely used in such important areas as military affairs, crisis and emergency management, and the fight against terrorism.
PECULIARITIES OF THE RADIO SIGNALS AND HINDRANCES IN THE NAVIGATION SYSTEM OF THE REMOTE-PILOTED VEHICLES
Authors: Mykyjchuk Mykola , Markiv Volodymyr
Published: March 2018

The article dwells upon the peculiarities of radio signals concerning the use of remote-piloted vehicles. It is highlighted that it is important take into consideration the fractal analysis of remote-piloted vehicles based on diverse fractal dimensions. The significance of remote-piloted vehicle control system investigation based on radio signals is presented. Also it is highlighted that there are many hindrances during the remote-piloted vehicle flight and it is important to take them into consideration and develop methods in order to omit them. Also the vital role of remote-piloted vehicles in different spheres of life, for example, in environment research is depicted.
DISTORTIONLESS SIGNALS TRANSFER THROUGH A WIRE MEDIA METASTRUCTURE
Authors: Vovchuk Dmytro , Haliuk Serhii , Politanskyy Leonid
Published: March 2018

In the paper the development of the components of communication means is considered based on the wire metastructures. This approach is novel and quite promising due to the metamaterials provides new opportunities for the radio engineering devices such as antennas, absorbers etc. First of all it makes possible decreasing of the dimensions of devices while the characteristics stay the same or better. Here the artificially created metastructure that consists of parallel metallic wires and characterizes by a negative electric permittivity was investigated. The possibility of broadband power transfer of electromagnetic waves was demonstrated. Also, at first time, the investigation of possible signal distortions due to wave propagation through the wire medium (WM) slab was performed via analyzing of spectral characteristics. The obtained results allow applying of WM to power transfer in wide frequency range (not only at frequencies of Fabry-Perot resonant) and enhancement of weak source propagation as well as to antennas constructions due to the absence of signal distortions. One of the promising applications of such structures is the possibility of realizing of flexible screens with nanometer thickness and high resolution.
THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN AUTOMATED IN-HOUSE LOGISTICS CENTRES
Authors: Rymarczyk Tomasz , Kłosowski Grzegorz
Published: March 2018

The paper deals with the problem of works transport organization in logistic center with the use of artificial intelligence algorithms. The presented approach is based on non-changeable path during travel along a given loop. The ordered set of containers requesting transport service was determined by fuzzy logic, while the sequence of containers in a loop was optimized by genetic algorithms. A solution for semi-autonomous transport vehicles wherein the control system informs the driver about optimal route was presented. The obtained solution was verified by a computer simulation.
USING MICROSERVICES ARCHITECTURE AS ANALYTICAL SYSTEM FOR ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE TOMOGRAPHY IMAGING
Authors: Cieplak Tomasz , Rymarczyk Tomasz , Kłosowski Grzegorz
Published: March 2018

An image reconstruction with use of EIT method has been found useful in many areas of medical, industrial and environmental applications. Papers show that computational systems used for image reconstructions are utilizing parallel and distributed computations and multi-tier architecture, as well as monolithic architecture. The aim of our research is to define an analytical system architecture that will be able to combine a variety of image reconstruction algorithms with their representations in different programming languages. Based on examples described in different proceedings and research papers, a microservices architecture seems to be an interesting alternative to the monolithic one.
OPTIMIZATION OF DATA PROCESSING FOR REQUESTING OBSERVATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Svyd Iryna , Obod Andrii , Maltsev Oleksandr , Pavlova Daria , Mongo Bridel
Published: March 2018

The article discusses how to optimize the data when it detects air targets by requesting observation systems. Two schemes for the detection of air objects, differing in the order of the operation of deciphering the aircraft responders' response signals, were investigated. It is shown that performing the operation of decoding the signals of the aircraft responder after the operation of detecting the air object makes it possible to improve the quality of data processing of the requesting observation systems. The influence of the aircraft responder readiness coefficient and the probability of suppression of signals in the answer channel on the probability of detection of air objects was researched.
ANALYSIS OF THE BENDING STRAIN INFLUENCE ON THE CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF HTC SUPERCONDUCTING TAPES
Authors: Sosnowski Jacek
Published: March 2018

Analysis of the influence of the bending strain on the electric properties of the HTc superconducting tapes is presented. The results of experimental investigations in liquid nitrogen temperature of the current-voltage characteristics and critical current of Bi-based tape are given for various bending strain values. Theoretical model of obtained dependences is proposed, while results of numerical calculations are in qualitative agreement with experimental data.
WYZNACZANIE CHARAKTERYSTYK R = F(T) TAŚM NADPRZEWODNIKOWYCH PIERWSZEJ I DRUGIEJ GENERACJI
Authors: Kwoka Rafał , Kozak Janusz , Majka Michał
Published: March 2018

W artykule przedstawiono eksperymentalnie wyznaczone charakterystyki R = f(T) taśm nadprzewodnikowych pierwszej (1G) i drugiej generacji (2G). W pracy opisano sposób przygotowania próbek taśm nadprzewodnikowych 1G i 2G do badań, opisano metodę pomiarową oraz przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych.
METHODS OF PRODUCING APODIZED FIBER BRAGG GRATINGS AND EXAMPLES OF THEIR APPLICATIONS
Authors: Zychowicz Łukasz , Klimek Jacek , Kisała Piotr
Published: March 2018

The paper presents the principle of operation, the structure, applications and methods of producing uniform, chirped and blazed fiber Bragg gratings as well as long period gratings. Finally, several selected methods used to make apodized gratings are listed and described.
DEAD TIME MEASUREMENT BY TWO-SOURCE METHOD – OPTIMIZATION OF MEASUREMENT TIME DIVISION
Authors: Domański Grzegorz , Konarzewski Bogumił , Kurjata Robert , Zaremba Krzysztof , Marzec Janusz , Dziewiecki Michał , Ziembicki Marcin , Rychter Andrzej , Smolik Waldemar , Szabatin Roman , Brzeski Piotr
Published: March 2018

The article presents the analysis of the dead time measurement using two sources for a non-paralyzable detector. It determined the optimum division of count rate measurement time between both source measurement and a single source one. Results of the work can be used to optimize dead time measurement for systems which count photons or particles.
Capitalism vs the Climate
Authors: Schweickart David ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2018

We are facing a terrifying moment in human history, but also a miraculous moment. At the very time when climate change threatens our species with extinction, we not only know that we face an existential threat, we have the means not only to avert catastrophe, but to provide virtually everybody on our planet with the material means for decent life. This paper asks, and attempts to answer, a series of questions: Why are we not doing what needs to be done? Is there a viable alternative to our current economic order? What then should I do?
Estratégias de legitimidade de Suchman evidenciadas pelas empresas brasileiras destinatárias do pedido do Carbon Disclosure Project
Authors: Farias Luana Das Graças Queiroz de , Andrade José Célio Silveira , Gomes Sônia Maria Silva
Published: March 2018

This article is the result of a doctoral dissertation based on exploratory research and 10 case studies. The Carbon Disclosure Project/Investors in Brazil is the empirical research object of this article. Since its creation in 2000, this program has been playing an important role, related to the disclosure of social and environmental information. It has aimed at improving the transparency upon climate change risks and opportunities. This study identified Suchman’s legitimacy strategies (1995) that are most used by Brazilian companies, which have addressed the applied for Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) between 2006 and 2010. Qualitative approach and content analysis technique were adopted in order to collect the data. The primary data were obtained through the application of a survey and the secondary data were obtained in institutional websites, CDP’s reports and records on emissions collected by Fundação Getulio Vargas. All Suchman’s legitimacy strategies were found in this study. The pragmatic strategy and the gain criteria obtained the biggest number of occurrences, 377 and 495 respectively. The most frequent cited item in all the 10 case studies was the necessity to respond to stakeholders, represented by 335 citations. Finally, it is possible to conclude that the CDP has been considered, by Brazilian companies, as a tool to obtain stakeholders’ acceptance and legitimacy.
God kvalitet i livestreamet undervisning – fra underviserens point of view
Authors: Jelsbak Vibe , Buus Lillian , Thorsen Jonas
Published: March 2018

Bioanalytikeruddannelsen, VIA University College i Aarhus, har etableret et undervisningskoncept, som kombinerer traditionel og livestreamet undervisning.  Teknologiske udfordringer og begrænsninger i dialog er blandt de vigtigste udfordringer, eftersom undervisere anvender dialog og diskussion i traditionel undervisning. I artiklen præsenteres uddannelsens fornyede rammer og tekniske løsninger for livestreamingen og de didaktiske design, som disse forventes at understøtte, diskuteres. Resultaterne indikerer, at undervisningen ikke redidaktiseres i livestreamet undervisning, men er påvirket af undervisernes ønske om mulighed for dialog gennem anvendelse af kendte undervisningsformer og et lavt niveau af teknisk kompleksitet. Resultaterne viser desuden, at underviserne er afhængig af visuel kontakt med studerende for at etablere god undervisning baseret på dialog.
СУДСКА ПРАКСА УСТАВНОГ СУДА БОСНЕ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНЕ
Authors: Ћеранић Димитрије
Published: March 2018

Одбија се захтјев тридесет осам (38) посланика Народнескупштине Републике Српске за оцјену уставности одредаба чла-на 4. ст. 2. и 3, члана 5, члана 6. став 3, члана 9. став 1, члана 10,члана 11. став 1. тачка д), члана 17, члана 18. став 1. и члана 21.став 1. Закона о колективном остваривању ауторског и сроднихправа („Службени гласник БиХˮ број 63/10). Утврђује се да су од-редбе члана 4. ст. 2. и 3, члана 5, члана 6. став 3, члана 9. став 1,члана 10, члана 11. став 1. тачка д), члана 17, члана 18. став 1. ичлана 21. став 1. Закона о колективном остваривању ауторскоги сродних права („Службени гласник БиХˮ број 63/10) у складу счланом II/3.и) и к) и чланом II/4. Устава Босне и Херцеговине. Од-бацује се захтјев тридесет осам (38) посланика Народне скупшти-не Републике Српске за оцјену законитости чл. 4, 5. и 6. Законао колективном остваривању ауторског и сродних права („Служ-бени гласник БиХˮ број 63/10) у односу на Закон о ауторском исродним правима („Службени гласник 100 Билтен Уставног судаБосне и Херцеговине, 2015. година БиХˮ број 63/10) и члан 10. За-кона о облигационим односима („Службени лист СФРЈˮ бр. 29/78,39/85, 45/89, 57/89, „Службене новине РБиХˮ бр. 2/92, 13/93, 13/94,„Службене новине ФБиХˮ бр. 29/03 и 42/11 и „Службени гласникРепублике Српскеˮ бр. 17/93, 3/96, 39/03 и 74/04), због ненадлежно-сти Уставног суда за одлучивање.
Capitalism and destruction (from the welfare state to the neoliberal state)
Authors: Kovačević Irina
Published: March 2018

As the liberal and the welfare state, and this modern, neoliberal capitalismin their relation to man and nature are destructive. Favoringthe interests of private property and profit, capitalism denies authentichuman needs, destroys and devastates nature. The degradation ofnature, environmental problems and ecological crises, are developingrisks that challenge not only the sustainability and sustainable development,but also life itself. Welfare state capitalism and the neoliberalstate capitalism are destructive.
Endogenous expression of thermo-sensitive ion channels TRPV1 and TRPV4 in immune tissues of avian species (duck, Anas platyrhynchos)
Authors: Majhi Rakesh Kumar , Maity Apratim , Senapati Manas R , Behera Prakash Chandra , Mandal Arun Kumar , Giri Sunil C , Goswami Chandan -
Published: March 2018

Calcium signaling and body temperature are two important factors governing activation of immune cells. However, molecular identities of major players involved in such critical regulations are still unknown, especially in avian systems. In this work we explored the endogenous expression of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid subtype 1 and subtype 4 (TRPV1 and TRPV4) channels, in the immune cells and different tissues of duck (Anas platyrhynchos). TRPV1 and TRPV4 represent two important non-selective ion channels which are also thermo sensitive in nature. Using confocal microscopy we demonstrate that TRPV1 and TRPV4 are expressed endogenously in the duck immune system such as thymus, spleen, caecum and bursa. In thymus, bursa of Fabricius and caecum, these channels are differentially localized in the plasma membrane and intra-cellular regions. In addition, using Flow cytometry we demonstrate very specific expression of these two channels in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) and CD3+ve T cells. This result is the first report of endogenous expression of TRPV channels in cells and tissues relevant for avian immune system. Such findings may have importance in the context of immune functions and responses to pathological challenges faced by birds. Presence of these two important ion channels in the duck immune system may also have commercial importance in the context of livestock management, food supplement and production of quality poultry products.
Technology and Indonesia's Industrial Competitiveness
Authors: Thee Kian Wie
Published: March 2018

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Factor Endowments and Comparative Advantages of East Asia
Authors: Widodo Tri
Published: March 2018

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Public Sector’s Innovativeness: Theoretical and Methodological Perplexities
Authors: Joksimovic Ljubinka , Manic Slavica , Jovic Danica
Published: March 2018

Research question: This article considers the problems of measuring public sector innovation by asking the question whether and why interpretation of the achievements regarding the public sector innovativeness might be questionable. Motivation: The most recent literature on public sector innovation reveals two perspectives. One of them is assertion that the public sector suffers an innovation deficit, while the other claims that it is actually more innovative than a common credit. Insights in the results from recent large studies of measuring public sector innovation have shown very high rates of innovations, higher than in private sector (between 50 % and 80 % of respondents have recorded at least one type innovation during the period of two years). The lack of a uniquely, or at least dominant, attitude regarding the above-mentioned standpoints represents the basic inspiration for the actualization of this problem. Idea: The aim of the paper is twofold: 1) to offer an overview of three established theoretical attempts (assimilation, demarcation and integrative) dealing with public sector innovation, in order to present the evolution of the issue; 2) to prove that the inclination to more general over contextually specific understanding of innovation (and vice versa) has an impact both on its operationalization and on the interpretation of the achievements. Findings: In spite of the fact that theoretical considerations show noticeable detachment from assimilation perspective, empirical studies still copy this approach and the associated methodology. Surveys introduced subjectivity through arbitrary interpretation of the innovation concept, choice of research techniques and respondents and using of non-measurable goals as indicators of innovation outputs. Since this has affected and overrated their outcomes, we have found that empirical studies have not provided reliable depiction of the state of affairs regarding the PSI. Contribution: Having presented theoretical and methodological arguments why relying on the assimilation approach is neither the only nor even the most adequate way to answer the question whether the  public sector is more innovative than the private one, we point to the necessity of using the other two approaches, particularly integrative one in order to find a coherent method of PSI measurement.
Radar Cross Section Reduction of Low Profile Fabry-Perot Resonator Antenna Using Checker Board Artificial Magnetic Conductor
Authors: Libi Mol V. A. , Aanandan C. K.
Published: March 2018

This paper presents a novel low profile, high gain Fabry-Perot resonator antenna with reduced radar cross section (RCS). An artificial magnetic conductor which provides zero degree reflection phase at resonant frequency is used as the ground plane of the antenna to obtain the low profile behavior. A checker board structure consisting of two artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) surfaces with antiphase reflection property is used as the superstrate to reduce the RCS. The bottom surface of superstrate is perforated to act as partially reflective surface to enhance the directivity of antenna. The antenna has a 3 dB gain bandwidth from 9.32 GHz to 9.77 GHz with a peak gain of 12.95 dBi at 9.6 GHz. The cavity antenna also has reduced reflectivity with a maximum reduction of 14.5 dB at 9.63 GHz.
Linc‐9432 is a novel pterygium lincRNA which regulates differentiation of fibroblasts
Authors: Lan Wanwen , Hou Aihua , Lakshminarayanan Rajamani , Lim Yoon‐Pin , Tong Louis
Published: March 2018

Long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) are not fully characterized in disease, although many are involved in controlling differentiation. We discovered and sequenced a novel 4.4 kb human lincRNA called linc‐9432 in pterygium, an ocular disease characterized by a wedge lesion. This transcript inhibited differentiation‐induced cell death, promoted expression of stem cell markers, and decreased expression of epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation markers. This lincRNA regulated 30 differentiation‐related genes in transcriptome analysis and 17/30 gene products were known to be directly associated in a network. When the lincRNA was silenced with pooled siRNA, the levels of these transcripts decreased in accordance with their predicted binding affinity for the lincRNA. TBC1D8B had the strongest affinity, interacting in‐vitro at positions 269–292 within TBC1D8B.
Interannual Modulation of Northern Hemisphere Winter Storm Tracks by the QBO
Authors: Wang Jiabao , Kim Hye‐Mi , Chang Edmund K. M.
Published: March 2018

Storm tracks, defined as the preferred regions of extratropical synoptic‐scale disturbances, have remarkable impacts on global weather and climate systems. Causes of interannual storm track variation have been investigated mostly from a troposphere perspective. As shown in this study, Northern Hemisphere winter storm tracks are significantly modulated by the tropical stratosphere through the quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO). The North Pacific storm track shifts poleward during the easterly QBO winters associated with a dipole change in the eddy refraction and baroclinicity. The North Atlantic storm track varies vertically with a downward shrinking (upward expansion) in easterly (westerly) QBO winters associated with the change of the tropopause height. These results not only fill the knowledge gap of QBO‐storm track relationship but also suggest a potential route to improve the seasonal prediction of extratropical storm activities owing to the high predictability of the QBO.
Effectiveness of Moving Signal‐Average Method in K Band FMCW Radar for Short‐Range Vehicle Detection Using Antennas With Narrow Beam Widths
Authors: Chou Hsi‐Tseng , Ho Hsien‐Kwei , Chang Tsang‐Pin
Published: March 2018

This paper presents the implementation and examination of moving signal‐average methods (MSAMs) to improve the defects of frequency‐modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar in detecting short‐range vehicles which may cause false target detection. The MSAM may smooth out the short‐term signal fluctuations in the system responses of received data in time series. These signal fluctuations may appear when the antenna radiation has a narrow beam width to illuminate only a part of sophisticated vehicle structures. In this examination, the defect phenomena were first investigated by employing the electromagnetic backscattering simulation. Afterward, experimental measurements were performed by implementing MSAM in a radar system for side‐looking vehicle detection. The experimental FMCW radar operates at 24.125 GHz with 250 MHz bandwidth and implements a linear frequency modulation for transmitter/receiver with 2 mW for transmitter power. The output responses to determine the detection are based on the peak value distribution of signals after being processed by the fast Fourier transform and MSAM. Both numerical simulations and experiments have demonstrated the validity of MSAM in the signal treatment to detect the vehicles within the coverage range.
Relationship Between the Electromagnetic Wave Energy Coupled by Overhead Lines and the Radiation Source Current Explored in the Laboratory
Authors: Li Xiangchao , Wan Zhicheng
Published: March 2018

In order to solve the damage and interference problems to the electronic devices, which are induced by overvoltage excited by the coupling process between lightning electromagnetic wave and overhead lines, the lightning channel is set to be equivalent to a radiant wire antenna. Based on the integration model of lightning return stroke channel, transmission line, and ground, we take advantage of the derived formula gotten from the transmission line model. By combing the theoretical and experimental methods, we conduct a comparative analysis on the coupling process between natural/simulated lightning and overhead line. Besides, we also calculate the amplitude and energy of overvoltage, which is caused by the coupling process between lightning electromagnetic wave and overhead lines. Upon these experimental results, we can draw several conclusions as follows: when the amplitude of the lightning current in the channel is between 5 kA and 41 kA, it takes on an excellent linear relation between the amplitude of overvoltage and the magnitude of the lightning current, the relation between coupling energy and magnitude of the lightning current takes on an exponential trend. When lightning wave transmits on the transmission lines, the high‐order mode will be excited. Through analysis on the high‐order mode's characteristics, we find that the theoretical analysis is consistent with the experimental results, which has a certain reference value to the protection on overhead lines.
Thermomechanically Triggered Two‐Stage Pattern Switching of 2D Lattices for Adaptive Structures
Authors: Yuan Chao , Mu Xiaoming , Dunn Conner K. , Haidar Jamal , Wang Tiejun , Jerry Qi H.
Published: March 2018

Pattern switching (or transformation) widely exists in the activities of various creatures and plays an important role in designing adaptive structures in modern materials. Utilizing the glass transition behavior in amorphous polymers, thermomechanically triggered two‐stage pattern switching of 2D lattices is achieved, where components made of an amorphous polymer and a flexible elastomer are interconnected in predesigned layouts. Upon loading at room temperature, the elastomer is far more flexible than the amorphous polymer and the lattice switches into one pattern. With temperature increasing, the modulus of the amorphous polymer decreases due to glass transition. Under the proper choice of amorphous polymer whose storage modulus can decrease to below the modulus of the elastomer, a change in the relative stiffness can be achieved and can switch the overall pattern from one to another while maintaining the external load. Both the experimental and computational studies are carried out to investigate the switching mechanism. Several periodic structures are fabricated to demonstrate several switched patterns. Particularly, a proof‐of‐concept smart window design is fabricated to explore the potential engineering applications.
Encapsulating Various Sulfur Allotropes within Graphene Nanocages for Long‐Lasting Lithium Storage
Authors: Yuan Yifei , Tan Guoqiang , Wen Jianguo , Lu Jun , Ma Lu , Liu Cong , Zuo Xiaobing , Shahbazian‐Yassar Reza , Wu Tianpin , Amine Khalil
Published: March 2018

The encapsulation of sulfur within carbon matrices is widely utilized in the cathode of a rechargeable lithium–sulfur battery, whose energy density largely depends on the design of the carbon structure. Here, an advanced graphene nanocage structure with the capability of hosting both cyclo‐S8 and smaller sulfur molecules (S2–4) is reported. The cage inner cavity is partially filled with S8 to form a yolk–shell structure that enables free volumetric variation of S8 during (de)lithiation. In the graphene shell of the cage, S8 are downsized to S2–4 to activate extra sulfur loading sites within graphene layers. Importantly, the graphene shell exhibits inward volumetric variation upon (de)lithiation of the loaded S2–4, and the overall electrode strain is thus minimized. This prototyped design promises an ultimate solution to maximize sulfur loading in carbon matrices as well as to circumvent the polysulfide dissolution problem and boost the commercialization of lithium‐sulfur batteries in the future.
2D Chiroptical Nanostructures for High‐Performance Photooxidants
Authors: Xu Liguang , Sun Maozhong , Cheng Ping , Gao Rui , Wang Hui , Ma Wei , Shi Xinghua , Xu Chuanlai , Kuang Hua
Published: March 2018

Modulation of the chirality of solid‐like nanoscale membranous structures used as selective photooxidants is an important goal of chemical and materials science. Here, the fabrication of a chiral plasmonic nanoparticle monolayer film which is a highly selective photooxidant under circularly polarized light (CPL) in the visible‐light region is reported. The chiroptical activity of the film can be controlled by altering the amount and stereochemistry of amino acids. The experiments disclose that this stable and reusable catalyst is active in the selective oxidation of glucose enantiomers and CPL of opposite polarization gives around 10.3‐fold increase in conversion rates. The results reveal that the handedness of polarized light dominates the catalytic activity of the chiral film. It is demonstrated that the specific chiral binding of the amino acid ligands and the local field enhancement in the light‐limited regime regulates the selective photocatalytic performance, as confirmed by first‐principles density functional theory and physical field simulations. With the catalyst's signature ability for chiral recognition and switching of handedness of polarized light, the discovery provides a foundation for designing and tailoring chiral inorganic photooxidants. This research also sets an example for the development of light–matter interactions and polarized optics.
Exploring Critical Factors Affecting Strain Distribution in 1D Silicon‐Based Nanostructures for Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Son Yoonkook , Sim Soojin , Ma Hyunsoo , Choi Min , Son Yeonguk , Park Noejung , Cho Jaephil , Park Minjoon
Published: March 2018

Despite the advantage of high capacity, the practical use of the silicon anode is still hindered by large volume expansion during the severe pulverization lithiation process, which results in electrical contact loss and rapid capacity fading. Here, a combined electrochemical and computational study on the factor for accommodating volume expansion of silicon‐based anodes is shown. 1D silicon‐based nanostructures with different internal spaces to explore the effect of spatial ratio of voids and their distribution degree inside the fibers on structural stability are designed. Notably, lotus‐root‐type silicon nanowires with locally distributed void spaces can improve capacity retention and structural integrity with minimum silicon pulverization during lithium insertion and extraction. The findings of this study indicate that the distribution of buffer spaces, electrochemical surface area, as well as Li diffusion property significantly influence cycle performance and rate capability of the battery, which can be extended to other silicon‐based anodes to overcome large volume expansion.
On‐Surface Synthesis of Carbon Nanostructures
Authors: Sun Qiang , Zhang Renyuan , Qiu Jun , Liu Rui , Xu Wei
Published: March 2018

Novel carbon nanomaterials have aroused significant interest owing to their prospects in various technological applications. The recently developed on‐surface synthesis strategy provides a route toward atomically precise fabrication of nanostructures, which paves the way to functional molecular nanostructures in a controlled fashion. A plethora of low‐dimensional nanostructures, challenging to traditional solution chemistry, have been recently fabricated. Within the last few decades, an increasing interest and flourishing studies on the fabrication of novel low‐dimensional carbon nanostructures using on‐surface synthesis strategies have been witnessed. In particular, carbon materials, including fullerene, carbon nanotubes, and graphene nanoribbons, are synthesized with atomic precision by such bottom‐up methods. Herein, starting from the basic concepts and progress made in the field of on‐surface synthesis, the recent developments of atomically precise fabrication of low‐dimensional carbon nanostructures are reviewed.
Polymer on Top: Current Limits and Future Perspectives of Quantitatively Evaluating Surface Grafting
Authors: Michalek Lukas , Barner Leonie , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher
Published: March 2018

Well‐defined polymer strands covalently tethered onto solid substrates determine the properties of the resulting functional interface. Herein, the current approaches to determine quantitative grafting densities are assessed. Based on a brief introduction into the key theories describing polymer brush regimes, a user's guide is provided to estimating maximum chain coverage and—importantly—examine the most frequently employed approaches for determining grafting densities, i.e., dry thickness measurements, gravimetric assessment, and swelling experiments. An estimation of the reliability of these determination methods is provided via carefully evaluating their assumptions and assessing the stability of the underpinning equations. A practical access guide for comparatively and quantitatively evaluating the reliability of a given approach is thus provided, enabling the field to critically judge experimentally determined grafting densities and to avoid the reporting of grafting densities that fall outside the physically realistic parameter space. The assessment is concluded with a perspective on the development of advanced approaches for determination of grafting density, in particular, on single‐chain methodologies.
Balanced Partnership between Donor and Acceptor Components in Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells with >12% Efficiency
Authors: Lin Yuze , Zhao Fuwen , Prasad Shyamal K. K. , Chen Jing‐De , Cai Wanzhu , Zhang Qianqian , Chen Kai , Wu Yang , Ma Wei , Gao Feng , Tang Jian‐Xin , Wang Chunru , You Wei , Hodgkiss Justin M. , Zhan Xiaowei
Published: March 2018

Relative to electron donors for bulk heterojunction organic solar cells (OSCs), electron acceptors that absorb strongly in the visible and even near‐infrared region are less well developed, which hinders the further development of OSCs. Fullerenes as traditional electron acceptors have relatively weak visible absorption and limited electronic tunability, which constrains the optical and electronic properties required of the donor. Here, high‐performance fullerene‐free OSCs based on a combination of a medium‐bandgap polymer donor (FTAZ) and a narrow‐bandgap nonfullerene acceptor (IDIC), which exhibit complementary absorption, matched energy levels, and blend with pure phases on the exciton diffusion length scale, are reported. The single‐junction OSCs based on the FTAZ:IDIC blend exhibit power conversion efficiencies up to 12.5% with a certified value of 12.14%. Transient absorption spectroscopy reveals that exciting either the donor or the acceptor component efficiently generates mobile charges, which do not suffer from recombination to triplet states. Balancing photocurrent generation between the donor and nonfullerene acceptor removes undesirable constraints on the donor imposed by fullerene derivatives, opening a new avenue toward even higher efficiency for OSCs.
Terpene‐Derived Highly Branched C30‐Amines via Palladium‐Catalysed Telomerisation of β‐Farnesene
Authors: Vogelsang Dennis , Faßbach Thiemo A. , Kossmann Paul P. , Vorholt Andreas J.
Published: March 2018

The synthesis of highly branched long chain amines in one step is still a challenge. The palladium catalysed telomerisation of the renewable sesquiterpene β‐farnesene with secondary amines yields such tertiary amines and thus, was investigated within this work. Preliminary, a suitable palladium catalyst system was developed by a high‐throughput screening. It efficiently allows for the synthesis of tertiary amines with a highly branched C30‐carbon chain with yields up to 94% of the corresponding desired allylic C30‐amines. The generality of the protocol was proven for thirteen amines with linear and branched alkyl and aryl groups. A clear correlation between the scaffold of the amine, basicity and the activity as nucleophile in the telomerisation was uncovered. Based on the different polarities of the nonpolar in‐situ formed C30‐substituted tertiary amines and the polar solvent, a proof of concept for catalyst recovery by simple decantation was shown.

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Mean Streets and Mental Health: Depression and Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder at Crime Hot Spots
Authors: Weisburd David , Cave Breanne , Nelson Matthew , White Clair , Haviland Amelia , Ready Justin , Lawton Brian , Sikkema Kathleen
Published: March 2018

This study explores the relationship between mental health and place at microgeographic units of analysis. We examine self‐reported symptomology for depression and PTSD for 2,724 survey respondents interviewed in three types of randomly selected street segments: violent crime hot spots, cool spots, and cold spots. We find that the mean symptomology score is 61% higher for depression in violent crime hot spots than cold spots, and 85% higher for PTSD. Overall, we estimate that 14.8% of residents of violent crime hot spots meet thresholds for moderate depression or a diagnosis of PTSD. This can be compared to only 6.5% of residents at the cold spots. Using PSM and weighted negative binomial regression approaches we show that observable selection factors are not responsible for the relationships identified. Examining geographic influences, we find an important area effect of violent crime for both mental health measures, and an additional impact of the specific street of residence for PTSD.
Chronic neutrophilic leukemia: 2018 update on diagnosis, molecular genetics and management
Authors: Elliott Michelle A. , Tefferi Ayalew
Published: March 2018

Disease Overview and Diagnosis

Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) is a potentially aggressive myeloproliferative neoplasm, for which current WHO diagnostic criteria include leukocytosis of ≥ 25 x 109/L of which ≥ 80% are neutrophils, with < 10% circulating neutrophil precursors with blasts rarely observed. In addition, there is no dysplasia, nor clinical or molecular criteria for other myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Update on Diagnosis

Previously the diagnosis of CNL was often as one of exclusion based on no identifiable cause for physiologic neutrophilia in patients fulfilling the aforementioned criteria. The 2016 WHO classification now recognizes somatic activating mutations of CSF3R (most commonly CSF3RT618I) as diagnostic, allowing for an accurate diagnosis for the majority of suspected cases through molecular testing. These mutations are primary driver mutations, accounting for the characteristic clinical phenotype and potential susceptibility to molecularly targeted therapy.

Risk Stratification

Concurrent mutations, common to myeloid neoplasms and their precursor states, most frequently in SETBP1 and ASXL1, are frequent and appear to be of prognostic significance. Although data are evolving on the full genomic profile, the rarity of CNL has delayed complete understanding of its full molecular pathogenesis and individual patient prognosis.
Universal Distributed Quantum Computing on Superconducting Qutrits with Dark Photons
Authors: Hua Ming , Tao Ming‐Jie , Alsaedi Ahmed , Hayat Tasawar , Deng Fu‐Guo
Published: March 2018

A one‐step scheme is presented to construct the controlled‐phase gate deterministically on remote transmon qutrits coupled to different resonators connected by a superconducting transmission line for an universal distributed quantum computing. Different from previous work on remote superconducting qubits, the present gate is implemented with coherent evolutions of the entire system in the all‐resonance regime assisted by the dark photons to robust against the transmission line loss, which allows the possibility of the complex designation of a long‐length transmission line to link lots of circuit QEDs. The length of the transmission line can reach the scale of several meters, which makes this scheme suitable for large‐scale distributed quantum computing. This gate is a fast quantum entangling operation with a high fidelity of about 99%. Compared with previous work in other quantum systems for a distributed quantum computing, under the all‐resonance regime, the present proposal does not require classical pulses and ancillary qubits, which relaxes the difficulty of its implementation largely.
A Multi‐signal Fluorescent Probe with Multiple Binding Sites for Simultaneous Sensing of Cysteine, Homocysteine, and Glutathione
Authors: Yin Guo‐xing , Niu Ting‐ting , Gan Ya‐bing , Yu Ting , Yin Peng , Chen Hai‐min , Zhang You‐yu , Li Hai‐tao , Yao Shou‐zhuo
Published: March 2018

A novel fluorescent probe was developed by integrating chlorinated coumarin and benzothiazolylacetonitrile and exploited for simultaneous detection of cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy), and glutathione (GSH). Featuring four binding sites and different reaction mechanisms for different biothiols, this probe exhibited rapid fluorescence turn‐on for distinguishing Cys, Hcy, and GSH with 108‐, 128‐, 30‐fold fluorescence increases at 457, 559, 529 nm, respectively, across different excitation wavelengths. Furthermore, the probe was successfully applied to the fluorescence imaging of endogenous Cys and GSH and exogenous Cys, Hcy, and GSH in living cells.
An Easily Accessible Ionic Aggregation‐Induced Emission Luminogen with Hydrogen‐Bonding‐Switchable Emission and Wash‐Free Imaging Ability
Authors: Chen Yuncong , Zhang Weijie , Zhao Zheng , Cai Yuanjing , Gong Junyi , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Sung Herman H. Y. , Williams Ian D. , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: March 2018

Ionic fluorophores are powerful tools for the study of environmental science and bio‐imaging. However, traditional ionic dyes usually require long synthetic steps and suffer from a quenching effect caused by aggregation. A water‐soluble ionic aggregation‐induced emission luminogen called DBTA is presented, which is readily accessed by a one‐step reaction. The switchable emission manipulated by hydrogen bonding provided solid evidence for the restriction of intramolecular motions as the mechanism of aggregation‐induced emission. DBTA can not only differentiate solvents with different H‐bond donor acidities but also capable of wash‐free imaging in living HeLa cells and fish larva.