bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Mosquito Faunal Diversity: An Approach to Assess the Burden of Vector‐Borne Diseases in Three Representative Topographies (Rural, Urban, and Peri‐Urban) of Ganjam District in Odisha State, India
Authors: Panda Deepika , Pandit Rabi Sankar , Sahu Bijayalaxmi , Kamaraju Raghavendra , Barik Tapan Kumar
Published: September 2024

Mosquitoes are the best‐known disease vectors for most vector‐borne diseases that significantly impact global health in terms of morbidity and mortality. In a geographical area, mosquito faunal diversity often alters with changing climatic factors and variable breeding habitats that differ across seasons. Using biodiversity indicators as tools, a study was conducted in rural, peri‐urban, and urban areas of district Ganjam, Odisha state, to determine mosquito faunal diversity as an approach to forecast the possible risk of disease transmission in the three representative topographies. A two‐year study was undertaken to assess the alpha diversity of mosquito species by the numerical strength of the species using various eco‐diversity indices. Species richness and abundance of mosquito species are significantly higher in peri‐urban areas compared to urban and rural areas. The species dominance ofCulex quinquefasciatuswas observed in all three topographies, whileAedes aegypti,Aedes albopictus, andAnopheles stephensiwere in urban areas. Species richness may dilute the risk of disease in an area, but increased species dominance, mostly vector species, in a new habitat often allows pathogens to infect newer communities at risk, leading to the emergence of new diseases. The current study indicates the possible risk of lymphatic filariasis (LF) infection in all three topographies. On the other hand, the risk of malaria and dengue/chikungunya transmission is higher in urban areas. With routine entomological monitoring, including vector incrimination, the biodiversity indicators will be the best tool to forecast the risk of vector‐borne diseases in an area; accordingly, judicious vector control strategies can be adopted.
Prevalence and Association of Malaria With the Blood Group on Febrile Patients at Woldia Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Wagaw , Wudu Fasikaw , Derib Gebreeyesus , Fentie Foziaya , Ashagre Agenagnew
Published: September 2024

Background: Malaria is a disease transmitted by vectors and caused by unicellular Plasmodium parasites. Malaria pathogenesis is associated with the ABO phenotype. However, there is little information on the frequency of malaria disease and its relationship with the ABO blood group in the study area. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria infection and its association with the ABO blood group at Woldia Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.

Method: An institutional‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted from December 3, 2022, to February 30, 2023. Convenient sampling was used for selecting the study participants. To identify malaria parasites, thick and thin blood films were made. Additionally, blood was drawn to identify the ABO blood group type. Before being analyzed with SPSS software Version 27, the data was coded and entered into EpiData Version 3.1. To ascertain the variable’s association, a logistic regression was done.

Results: Out of 192 patients that attended Woldia Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, 16 (8.3%) were found to be infected with Plasmodium parasites using microscopy. Among them, 9 (4.7%), 5 (2.6%), and 2 (1.0%) had Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, or mixed infections, respectively. As a result, 30.7%, 25.5%, 24.5%, and 19.3% of the participants had blood types A, B, AB, and O, respectively (AOR = 2.359, 95% CI: 1.03–12.289, p = 0.03).

Conclusion and Recommendation: The total number of microscopically confirmed malaria parasites was 8.3%. P. falciparum was dominant over P. vivax. Individuals with blood group O were less likely to get severe malaria than those with other blood groups. Based on the findings of this study, we recommend that additional studies investigate the probable relationship between the ABO blood group phenotype and malaria infection.
Data from CD47-SIRPα Blockade Sensitizes Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma to Cetuximab by Enhancing Macrophage Adhesion to Cancer Cells
Authors: Li Bolei , Hao Yu , He Hongzhi , Fan Yu , Ren Biao , Peng Xian , Zhou Xuedong , Cheng Lei
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Developing effective treatments for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a significant challenge. Cetuximab, a first-line targeted therapy for HNSCC, exhibits limited efficacy. Here, we used pooled CRISPR screening to find targets that can synergize with cetuximab and identified CD47 as the leading candidate. Rather than inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, CD47 inhibition promoted cetuximab-triggered antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), thereby enhancing macrophage-mediated cancer cell removal. The combination of CD47-signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα) blockade and cetuximab demonstrated strong anticancer activity in vivo. In addition to blocking the phagocytosis checkpoint, CD47-SIRPα inhibition upregulated CD11b/CD18 on the surface of macrophages, which accelerated intercellular adhesion between macrophages and cancer cells to enhance subsequent phagocytosis. Inhibition of the interaction between macrophage CD11b/CD18 and cancer cell intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) eliminated the intercellular adhesion and phagocytosis induced by CD47-SIRPα blockade. Thus, CD47-SIRPα blockade enhances ADCP through CD11b/CD18-ICAM1-mediated intercellular adhesion and sensitizes HNSCC to cetuximab.

Significance: CD47-SIRPα blockade increases surface CD11b/CD18 on macrophages to enhance adhesion to cancer cells, resulting in robust synergistic phagocytosis in combination with cetuximab treatment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Table S2 from Zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein Secreted by Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Promotes Peritumoral Fibrosis
Authors: Verma Surbhi , Giagnocavo Stephanie D. , Curtin Meghan C. , Arumugam Menusha , Osburn-Staker Sandra M. , Wang Guoying , Atkinson Aaron , Nix David A. , Lum David H. , Cox James E. , Hilgendorf Keren I.
Published: September 2024

Supplemental Table 2: Secretome proteomics
Figure S6 from Zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein Secreted by Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Promotes Peritumoral Fibrosis
Authors: Verma Surbhi , Giagnocavo Stephanie D. , Curtin Meghan C. , Arumugam Menusha , Osburn-Staker Sandra M. , Wang Guoying , Atkinson Aaron , Nix David A. , Lum David H. , Cox James E. , Hilgendorf Keren I.
Published: September 2024

Supplemental Figure and Figure Legend 6
Figure S4 from Zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein Secreted by Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Promotes Peritumoral Fibrosis
Authors: Verma Surbhi , Giagnocavo Stephanie D. , Curtin Meghan C. , Arumugam Menusha , Osburn-Staker Sandra M. , Wang Guoying , Atkinson Aaron , Nix David A. , Lum David H. , Cox James E. , Hilgendorf Keren I.
Published: September 2024

Supplemental Figure and Figure Legend 4
Supplementary Tables 2 -5 from A Kinome-Wide Synthetic Lethal CRISPR/Cas9 Screen Reveals That mTOR Inhibition Prevents Adaptive Resistance to CDK4/CDK6 Blockade in HNSCC
Authors: Goto Yusuke , Koshizuka Keiichi , Ando Toshinori , Izumi Hiroki , Wu Xingyu , Sato Kuniaki , Ishikawa Tomohiko , Ford Kyle , Feng Xiaodong , Wang Zhiyong , Arang Nadia , Allevato Michael M. , Kishore Ayush , Mali Prashant , Gutkind J. Silvio
Published: September 2024

List of dropout sgRNAs, non-targeting control sgRNAs, selected sensitizing genes, and KEGG pathway analysis of sensitizing genes
Supplementary Figure S6 from p300 KAT Regulates SOX10 Stability and Function in Human Melanoma
Authors: Waddell Aaron , Grbic Nicole , Leibowitz Kassidy , Wyant William Austin , Choudhury Sabah , Park Kihyun , Collard Marianne , Cole Philip A. , Alani Rhoda M.
Published: September 2024

This figure illustrates how A-485 leads to inhibition of expression of genes involved in melanoma cell invasion
Supplementary Table 1 from A Kinome-Wide Synthetic Lethal CRISPR/Cas9 Screen Reveals That mTOR Inhibition Prevents Adaptive Resistance to CDK4/CDK6 Blockade in HNSCC
Authors: Goto Yusuke , Koshizuka Keiichi , Ando Toshinori , Izumi Hiroki , Wu Xingyu , Sato Kuniaki , Ishikawa Tomohiko , Ford Kyle , Feng Xiaodong , Wang Zhiyong , Arang Nadia , Allevato Michael M. , Kishore Ayush , Mali Prashant , Gutkind J. Silvio
Published: September 2024

Configuration of PinAPL-Py software
Supplementary Figure S4 from p300 KAT Regulates SOX10 Stability and Function in Human Melanoma
Authors: Waddell Aaron , Grbic Nicole , Leibowitz Kassidy , Wyant William Austin , Choudhury Sabah , Park Kihyun , Collard Marianne , Cole Philip A. , Alani Rhoda M.
Published: September 2024

This figure illustrates the effects of A-485 on SOX10 protein expression without effects on SOX10 gene expression.
Supplementary Figure 3 from A Kinome-Wide Synthetic Lethal CRISPR/Cas9 Screen Reveals That mTOR Inhibition Prevents Adaptive Resistance to CDK4/CDK6 Blockade in HNSCC
Authors: Goto Yusuke , Koshizuka Keiichi , Ando Toshinori , Izumi Hiroki , Wu Xingyu , Sato Kuniaki , Ishikawa Tomohiko , Ford Kyle , Feng Xiaodong , Wang Zhiyong , Arang Nadia , Allevato Michael M. , Kishore Ayush , Mali Prashant , Gutkind J. Silvio
Published: September 2024

Upregulation of CCNE1 by palbociclib confers resistance to palbociclib, which can be reverted by INK128
Supplementary Figure S2 from p300 KAT Regulates SOX10 Stability and Function in Human Melanoma
Authors: Waddell Aaron , Grbic Nicole , Leibowitz Kassidy , Wyant William Austin , Choudhury Sabah , Park Kihyun , Collard Marianne , Cole Philip A. , Alani Rhoda M.
Published: September 2024

This figure shows the correlation of EP300 and SOX10 gene copy numbers in acral melanoma datasets.
Table S7 from p53R172H and p53R245W Hotspot Mutations Drive Distinct Transcriptomes in Mouse Mammary Tumors Through a Convergent Transcriptional Mediator
Authors: McDaniel Joy M. , Morrissey Rhiannon L. , Dibra Denada , Patel Lalit R. , Xiong Shunbin , Zhang Yun , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Qi Yuan , El-Naggar Adel K. , Lozano Guillermina
Published: September 2024

FIMO results summarizing Nr5a2 motif occurrences upstream of p53R245W target gene(s) promoters.
Table S6 from p53R172H and p53R245W Hotspot Mutations Drive Distinct Transcriptomes in Mouse Mammary Tumors Through a Convergent Transcriptional Mediator
Authors: McDaniel Joy M. , Morrissey Rhiannon L. , Dibra Denada , Patel Lalit R. , Xiong Shunbin , Zhang Yun , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Qi Yuan , El-Naggar Adel K. , Lozano Guillermina
Published: September 2024

FIMO results summarizing Nr5a2 motif occurrences upstream of p53R172H target gene(s) promoters.
Table S4 from p53R172H and p53R245W Hotspot Mutations Drive Distinct Transcriptomes in Mouse Mammary Tumors Through a Convergent Transcriptional Mediator
Authors: McDaniel Joy M. , Morrissey Rhiannon L. , Dibra Denada , Patel Lalit R. , Xiong Shunbin , Zhang Yun , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Qi Yuan , El-Naggar Adel K. , Lozano Guillermina
Published: September 2024

Summary of Hallmarks enriched in MaP-/- mammary tumors compared ompared to MaPR172H/- mammary tumors.
Table S3 from p53R172H and p53R245W Hotspot Mutations Drive Distinct Transcriptomes in Mouse Mammary Tumors Through a Convergent Transcriptional Mediator
Authors: McDaniel Joy M. , Morrissey Rhiannon L. , Dibra Denada , Patel Lalit R. , Xiong Shunbin , Zhang Yun , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Qi Yuan , El-Naggar Adel K. , Lozano Guillermina
Published: September 2024

Summary of Hallmarks enriched in MaPR245W/- mammary tumors compared to MaP-/- mammary tumors.
Table S1 from p53R172H and p53R245W Hotspot Mutations Drive Distinct Transcriptomes in Mouse Mammary Tumors Through a Convergent Transcriptional Mediator
Authors: McDaniel Joy M. , Morrissey Rhiannon L. , Dibra Denada , Patel Lalit R. , Xiong Shunbin , Zhang Yun , Chau Gilda P. , Su Xiaoping , Qi Yuan , El-Naggar Adel K. , Lozano Guillermina
Published: September 2024

Sequences for primers used in real-time qRT-PCR studies.
Leveraging machine learning for sustainable integration of renewable energy generation
Authors: Sreenivasan Pushpa , Ganesan Keerthiga , Fawad Iffath , Sureshkumar Sathya , Dhandapani Kirubakaran
Published: October 2024

Long-term economic benefits and sustainability are provided by the integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) into electrical networks. However, because of their intermittent nature and reliance on environmental factors, RESs pose issues in production and consumption balance. Because renewable energy sources like wind and solar are unpredictable, forecasting their output is essential for planning purposes and maintaining grid stability. This thesis focuses on developing effective instruments and algorithms to improve renewable energy generation estimates and handle abnormalities in consumption. These tools and algorithms include maximum power point tracking and machine learning models like random forest (RF), adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). The methods' effectiveness is confirmed by accuracies higher than 80%, which provides speedier and more user-friendly solutions in comparison to the traditional ways. In the end, our effort seeks to offer practical instruments for anticipatory modelling and mitigating intermittentness in renewable energy sources, enabling their assimilation into current power structures to adequately supply energy requirements in a sustainable manner.
Improved direct control of single stage photovoltaic powred system
Authors: Chouaib Rahli , Ouada Mehdi , Ryad Mebarek Abdesslam , Saad Salah
Published: October 2024

This paper introduces a novel direct control quasi-Z-source inverter (qZSI) topology as a viable alternative to conventional two-stage converters in photovoltaic (PV) systems. The proposed control strategy effectively merges duty cycle and modulation index within a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) framework for both DC and AC control. To assess the system’s performance under diverse weather conditions, the INC and P&O maximum power point tracking maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are employed. Rigorous simulations conducted using MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate the proposed method’s ability to achieve multi-objective optimization of PV systems, enhancing overall system efficiency and reliability.
A set of embedding rules in IWT for watermark embedding in image watermarking
Authors: Hafidz Muhammad Afnan , Ernawan Ferda , Bakar Suraya Abu , Fakhreldin Mohammad
Published: October 2024

The development of new technologies has made image watermarking crucial in the digital era to preserve and protect illegal distribution of images against unauthorized users. This paper presents a robust image watermarking technique that employs a set of embedding rules in the three-level of integer wavelet transform (IWT). The proposed method aims to achieve high robustness of image watermarking while maintaining the imperceptibility. The proposed scheme divides the red and green layers into non-overlapping 16×16 blocks. Three levels of IWT are applied to obtain 2×2 LL sub-band, four coefficients of IWT are then modified based on the proposed set of rules for embedding watermark. The experimental results demonstrate a comparison of the proposed embedding and the existing methods. The proposed scheme produced an average NC value of 0.965 against the median filter. The results also showed the imperceptibility of the the image with a PSNR of 45.1760 db and SSIM of 0.9995.
Artificial intelligence detection of refractive eye diseases using certainty factor and image processing
Authors: Rachman Rizal , Susanti Sari , Suhendi Hendi , Satyanegara Adi Karawinata
Published: October 2024

Refractive errors are defined as an impairment in the eye’s capacity to focus light, resulting in the formation of blurred or unfocused images. These issues arise from alterations in the shape of the cornea, the length of the eyeball, or the aging of the crystalline lens. It is anticipated that the prevalence of visual impairment will increase in conjunction with global population growth. At present, a significant number of countries have not yet accorded sufficient priority to eye health within their healthcare systems. This has resulted in insufficient awareness and reluctance to seek costly specialized care. This study proposes the development of an advanced refractive eye disease detection system with the objective of improving diagnostic accuracy, disseminating disease information, and reducing financial barriers to specialist consultation. The research employs certainty factor (CF) methods and image processing with feature extraction. The initial results demonstrate the potential for identifying specific refractive eye diseases with high certainty through the analysis of symptoms and the examination of photographs of the eye. The proposed approach provides an alternative method for diagnosing refractive eye diseases, which could enhance access to refractive eye care services and reduce the economic burden on patients.
High-resolution aerial monitoring using DL for identifying abnormal activity based on visual patterns in drone videos
Authors: Tripathi Mukesh Kumar , Moorthy Chellapilla V. K. N. S. N. , Kadam Sandeep , Shewale Chaitali , Shelke Priya , Futane Pravin R.
Published: October 2024

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and sophisticated deep learning (DL) models have made the application of artificial intelligence (AI) more popular. This has resulted in an increase in the number of attempts to improve high-resolution aerial monitoring using DL for identifying abnormal activity based on visual patterns in drone videos. The study introduces a one-class support vector machine (OC-SVM) oddity locator for low-altitude, limited-scope UAVs used for ethereal video surveillance. The primary goal is to improve UAV-based observation capabilities by identifying areas or things of interest without prior knowledge, hence improving tasks like queue control, vehicle following, and hazardous product identification. The framework makes use of OC-SVM because of its quick and lightweight setup, making it suitable for continuous operation on low-computational UAVs. It empowers the identification of several peculiarities necessary for low-elevation reconnaissance by using textural characteristics to recognise both large-scale and tiny structures. Examine the UAV mosaicking and change location (UMCD) dataset to demonstrate the effectiveness of the framework, which achieves excellent accuracy and outperforms traditional methods by about one fifth in a variety of metrics. The suggested model compares with current methods, demonstrating superior accuracy and performance in recognition of peculiarities. Evaluation metrics include F1-score, review, exactness, and accuracy. The model demonstrates that it always encounters an oddity with a review compromise of up to seven on ten, achieving complete accuracy.
Big data and ensemble learning for effective student orientation in Morocco
Authors: Badrani Morad , Marouan Adil , Kannouf Nabil , Chetouani Abdelaziz
Published: October 2024

Guiding high school students toward suitable educational paths is a complex challenge, particularly influenced by academic performance. In Morocco, first-year high school students in the scientific branch face a crucial decision when selecting between science mathematics (SM), physics (SF), and Science of Life and Earth (SVT) paths. This decision is critical as it can significantly impact their future academic and professional success. To address the issue of suboptimal student orientation, this study proposes an automated, personalized approach leveraging big data technology. By employing ensemble learning techniques, including random forest and neural network models, we developed a classification system to predict students’ optimal paths based on their academic performance. Our models achieved exceptional performance, with precision, accuracy, recall, and F-measure scores of approximately 98.59%, 98.60%, 98.60%, and 98.58%, respectively. This research demonstrates the potential of our approach to enhance educational support and decision-making, ultimately improving student outcomes and reducing dropout rates caused by wrong orientation.
Effects of the Nonsteroidal MRA Finerenone With and Without Concomitant SGLT2 Inhibitor Use in Heart Failure
Authors: Vaduganathan Muthiah , Claggett Brian L. , Kulac Ian J. , Miao Zi Michael , Desai Akshay S. , Jhund Pardeep S. , Henderson Alasdair D. , Brinker Meike , Lay-Flurrie James , Viswanathan Prabhakar , Scheerer Markus Florian , Lage Andrea , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Senni Michele , Shah Sanjiv J. , Voors Adriaan A. , Zannad Faiez , Pitt Bertram , McMurray John J.V. , Solomon Scott D.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

Patients with heart failure (HF) with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction face heightened long-term risks of morbidity and mortality. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and the nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone have both been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in this population, but the effects of their combined use are not known.

METHODS:

FINEARTS-HF (Finerenone Trial to Investigate Efficacy and Safety Superior to Placebo in Patients With Heart Failure) was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of finerenone in patients with HF and left ventricular ejection fraction ≥40%. Baseline SGLT2i use was a prespecified subgroup. The primary outcome was a composite of total (first and recurrent) worsening HF events and cardiovascular death. We first assessed for evidence of treatment heterogeneity on the basis of baseline SGLT2i use. We further examined SGLT2i uptake during the trial and evaluated the treatment effects of finerenone accounting for baseline and during-trial use of SGLT2i in time-varying analyses.

RESULTS:

Among 6001 participants, 817 (13.6%) were treated with an SGLT2i at baseline. During 2.6 years median follow-up, treatment with finerenone similarly reduced the risk of the primary outcome in participants treated with an SGLT2i (rate ratio, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.60–1.16]) and without an SGLT2i at baseline (rate ratio, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.74–0.98];
P
interaction
=0.76). In follow-up, 980 participants initiated SGLT2i, which was less frequent in the finerenone arm compared with placebo (17.7% versus 20.1%; hazard ratio, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.76–0.97]). Time-updated analyses accounting for baseline and subsequent use of SGLT2i did not meaningfully alter the treatment effects of finerenone on the primary end point.

CONCLUSIONS:

The treatment benefits of the nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone were observed irrespective of concomitant use of an SGLT2i. These data suggest that the combined use of SGLT2i and a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist may provide additive protection against cardiovascular events in patients with HF with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04435626.
Sex Differences in Prescription Patterns and Medication Adherence to Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy Among Patients With Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Mansoor Hend , Manion Daniel , Kucharska-Newton Anna , Delcher Chris , Lo-Ciganic Wei-Hsuan , Jicha Gregory A. , Moga Daniela C.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability. Society guidelines recommend pharmacotherapies for secondary stroke prevention. However, the role of sex differences in prescription and adherence to guideline-directed medical therapies (GDMT) after ischemic stroke remains understudied. The aim of this study was to examine sex differences in prescription patterns and adherence to GDMT at 1 year after ischemic stroke in a cohort of commercially insured patients.

METHODS:

Using the Truven Health MarketScan database from 2016 to 2020, we identified patients admitted with ischemic stroke. GDMT was defined as any statin, antihypertensive agents, or oral anticoagulant prescription within 30 days after discharge. Medication adherence was estimated using the proportion of days covered at 1 year. The proportion of days covered <0.80 was used to define nonadherence. A multivariable model adjusting for covariates was performed to identify the factors associated with nonadherence at 1 year. This analysis was restricted to new users of GDMT.

RESULTS:

Among 155 220 patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke during the study period, 15 919 met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 55.7 years, and 8218 (51.7%) were women. Women were less likely to be prescribed statins (58.0% versus 71.8%) and antihypertensive agents (27.7% versus 41.8%). In this subset of patients with atrial flutter/fibrillation, women were also less likely to be prescribed oral anticoagulants (41.2% versus 45.0%). Women were more likely to be nonadherent (ie, proportion of days covered <0.80) to statins (47.3% versus 41.6%;
P
<0.0001), antihypertensives (33.3% versus 32.2%;
P
=0.005), and the combination of both (49.6% versus 45.0%;
P
=0.003). On multivariable analysis, women were likely to be nonadherent to statins and antihypertensive agents at 1 year (odds ratio, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.08–1.41]).

CONCLUSIONS:

In this real-world analysis of commercially insured patients with ischemic stroke, women were less likely initiated on GDMT within 30 days after discharge. Women were more likely to be nonadherent to statins and antihypertensive agents at 1 year. Future efforts and novel interventions are needed to understand the reasons and minimize these disparities.
Heteronika paranesisi sp. nov. (Caridea, Pandalidae) from the Caroline Plate seamounts in the northwestern Pacific
Authors: Wang Yanrong , Sha Zhongli
Published: September 2024

During an expedition to the Caroline Plate seamounts in the NW Pacific, one ovigerous female specimen of the genus Heteronika was collected. Heteronika paranesisi sp. nov. is morphologically very similar to Heteronika nesisi (Burukovsky, 1986), which was originally described from western Mexico and re-described from the Indo-Pacific. Morphologically, H. paranesisi sp. nov. can be distinguished from H. nesisi by the length and shape of the rostrum and the armature of the first and second pereiopods. A phylogenetic analysis based on the COI and 16S mitochondrial genes, supported the recognition of the new species and revealed that cryptic species do exist among the complex of populations that are generally reported under the name H. nesisi, which should thus obviously be characterized as “sensu lato”.
The potential utilization of a zooplankton community as a live feed in ecological shrimp ponds in Ca Mau province, Vietnam
Authors: Tran Ngoc Diem My , Tran Le Quang Ha
Published: September 2024

Although aquatic larvae need natural food, relevant sources in the food web have not been extensively researched and used in aquaculture. The zooplankton community at the ecological black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) ponds in the Ca Mau mangrove forest in Vietnam was studied for its potential as a natural food source in these and other, similar ecosystems (fish ponds, mollusc ponds). This study examined eight ecologically distinct shrimp ponds in the dry, transitional, and rainy seasons. Thirty-seven zooplankton species from 31 genera, 19 families, and 4 phyla were identified in these shrimp ponds. The zooplankton density was 1167-53 330 individuals/m3 with over half the species and density being copepods. Five Copepoda species were common and of high population density, including Limnoithona sinensis, Thermocyclops hyalinus, Tropocyclops prasinus, Eodiaptomus japonicus, and Euaugaptilus elongatus. This natural food can feed shrimp larvae and adults and thereby supply high quality nutrients for their development. However, the pond’s zooplankton was lacking in diversity. Thus, providing natural nutrients to the pond may increase zooplankton diversity and facilitate sustainable aquaculture.
Redescription of two known species of Taeniacanthus Sumpf, 1871 (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Taeniacanthidae), parasitic on Japanese boxfishes (Actinopterygii)
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko
Published: September 2024

Taeniacanthus moa (Lewis, 1967) and T. ostracionis (Richardi, 1870) are redescribed based on specimens recovered from Tetrosomus concatenatus (Bloch, 1785) and Ostracion immaculatum Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) in Japan (Tetraodontiformes, Ostraciidae), respectively. The copepodids V of both sexes, the copepodid III of the female, and the copepodid I (sex undetermined) of T. moa, and the male of T. ostracionis are described for the first time.
Redescription of two known species of Taeniacanthus Sumpf, 1871 (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Taeniacanthidae), parasitic on Japanese puffers (Actinopterygii)
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko
Published: September 2024

Taeniacanthus kitamakura Yamaguti & Yamasu, 1959 and T. yamagutii (Shiino, 1957) are redescribed based on specimens recovered from the brown-lined puffer, Canthigaster rivulata (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850), and three species of Takifugu (Tetraodontiformes, Tetraodontidae), respectively, in Japan. The copepodid V of the T. kitamakura female and the copepodid V of both sexes and copepodid IV of the female of T. yamagutii are described for the first time.
Caligus rogercresseyi (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida): analysis of infestation rate on farmed Salmo salar in the Aysen region (Patagonia, Chile)
Authors: Barile Juan , Carreño Eriko , De los Ríos-Escalante Patricio
Published: September 2024

Caligus rogercresseyi is an ectoparasitic copepod that affects salmon farms, generating negative effects on the productivity of the industry. The present study consisted of applying data science and machine learning techniques to data on C. rogercresseyi infection from Salmo salar farming centres in the Aysen region. The multiple regression models show a significant inverse relationship between total C. rogercresseyi infections (females, males, both adults together, and juveniles), with latitude and temperature, and a significant direct relationship with longitude and salinity for the total data. The results agree with observations for infection rates of C. rogercresseyi in farmed salmon in the southern part of Chile.
Comparison of growth curves of the Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931 (Decapoda, Penaeidae) reared in earthen ponds with three different water sources
Authors: Ramos-Torres Baltazar , Félix-Ortiz José A. , Urías-Sotomayor Ricardo , Rodríguez-Domínguez Guillermo , Payán-Alejo Jorge , Aragón-Noriega E. Alberto
Published: September 2024

The growth of the Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei was analysed with data from nine earthen ponds in three aquaculture farms located at the mouth of the Gulf of California in the state of Sinaloa, Mexico. Each farm has a different source of water supply: marine, estuarine-freshwater, and estuarine-hypersaline. Growth was estimated with a multi-model approach using five versions of the Schnute model. The parametrization was done with maximum likelihood as an objective function, and observing the variance criterion. The best model was selected via the Bayesian information criterion. The Schnute model reproduced the Von Bertalanffy model in the estuarine-freshwater conditions; the Logistic model in the estuarine-hypersaline situation; and the Gompertz model in the case of the marine water source. Differences in growth curves were corroborated via the Kimura ratio test. The difference in water quality was most evident in the factor salinity. The best performance was obtained with the estuarine-freshwater water source. The results support the hypothesis that postlarvae and juveniles exhibit better growth in brackish water than when supplied from a marine water source.
Effect of a 12-hour mission on GH, IGF-I, testosterone and cortisol in elite soldiers
Authors: Minelli M.C.S. , Galante F. , Bella Y.F. , Gonella C.B. , Martinelli Junior C.E. , Tourinho Filho H.
Published: September 2024

The Special Operations Battalion of Rio de Janeiro (BOPE-RJ) carries out high-risk missions in an urban warfare environment, such as exposure to acute stress situations, such as shootings and confrontations with criminals, placing high physical and psychological demands on its members. This study investigated the kinetics of the growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF-I) axis and the serum levels of testosterone and cortisol in soldiers belonging to BOPE-RJ. It is a cross-sectional study with 75 volunteers divided into two groups: Control Group (CG) and Mission Group (MG). Blood was collected once from both groups, between 8 and 9 a.m., in a specially equipped room at the military training centre. The collection respected the volunteers’ real work routine and was performed when the groups changed shifts. Contrary to expectations, no changes were found between the groups for the indicators analysed, except for cortisol, where there was a statistically significant difference. The mean cortisol levels were 10.86 μg/dl for CG and 12.27 μg/dl for MG. These findings have significant implications for BOPE-RJ and similar units. While they suggest that these soldiers may be able to carry out high-risk missions safely and effectively even under stressful conditions, the potential long-term consequences of chronic stress exposure on their physical and mental health require further investigation.
Symbolic Appropriation of the U.S. Flag: Findings from a Photovoice Study
Authors: Estrada Emir , Vera-Phillips Kristina , Flores-Gonzalez Nilda , Romanello Brittany , Pasco Michelle C. , Roque Anais Delilah
Published: September 2024

Based on photovoice and interview data from 144 Arizona young adults collected as part of the Arizona Youth Identity Project, this article builds on the concept of collective effervescence and symbolic violence through an analysis of U.S. flag images submitted by our respondents during the 2020 presidential election. Drawing on the literature on identity, belonging, and national symbols, this article highlights three main themes. First, our data revealed the conflicted feelings of belonging and exclusion that the U.S. flag evoked in these young adults. According to some participants, the flag became a divisive symbol as it became associated with the Make America Great Again movement. Second, we highlight how the U.S. flag came to embody a form of symbolic violence, particularly after the attack on the Capitol on January 6. Finally, we show how the meaning attached to the U.S. flag is situational and fluid, and how its value as a unifying national symbol can be restored. This narrative was supported by young adults’ images of the flag with artistic modifications that reflected elements of their culture and history.
The Impact of Social Expenditure on Sustainable Human Development: Empirical Evidence on the Suicide Deaths in a Developing Country
Authors: Akyuz Mert
Published: September 2024

Suicide has been a serious international public mental health problem and is one of the top twenty leading causes of death worldwide. This study aims to investigate the impact of social expenditure on suicide deaths in Turkiye as a developing country from 1982 to 2019. The Bounds Testing Approach to Cointegration and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) methods were used. The results indicated that social expenditure has a statistically significant and negative effect on total suicide and female suicide deaths, but it has a statistically insignificant and negative impact on male suicide death. The contribution of this study is to examine for the first time whether social expenditure has an impact on total, female, and male suicide mortality in Turkiye. Policymakers should regard increasing social spending in the government budget to prevent suicide deaths in Turkiye.
Homicide-Suicide in Russia and Pakistan: Observations From Press Media Reports
Authors: Mahesar Rameez Ali , Golenkov Andrei V. , Fazail Amna , Mustafa Ahmed Raza ul , Zotov Pavel B. , Shoib Sheikh
Published: September 2024

This study compares the features of homicide-suicide in Russia and Pakistan. To understand this, we conducted a content analysis of news reports about homicide-suicide published in Pakistani and Russian newspapers between March 2020 and May 2023. We identified 35 and 104 homicide-suicide cases in Pakistani and Russian media, respectively. Men were three to five times more likely to commit homicide-suicides than women (3.16: 1 in Russia; 4.83: 1 in Pakistan). Accounting for over 65.73% of all homicide-suicides, spousal homicide-suicides and filicide-suicide were the most common homicide-suicides in both regions. Filicide-suicides were more often done by Russian women and extra-family homicide-suicides by Pakistani women. Reasons for homicide-suicides in Pakistani women were divorce or separation and in Russian women – mental disorders. With the difference of homicide in the victims, Pakistani victims were aged 15–30 years, while Russian were 31–45 years and 46 years and older. There were more similarities in homicide-suicides than differences.
Organisations and the dynamics of change in the location of American invention
Authors: hUallacháin Breandán Ó
Published: September 2024

The effects of individual organisations on the location of invention in the United States is underexplored. A handful of companies generate most of the inventions in most American cities and their actions do not average out in the aggregate. Temporal stability in city system properties corroborates agglomeration theories built on models of monopolistic competition that treat all firms as small and uninfluential. However, substantial churn in patenting occurs in individual cities. Churn is associated with the strategic choices made by particular firms as they expand and contract their inventive assets. The effects of idiosyncratic decisions on levels and growth of patenting are revealed. A novel inverse-size volatility hypothesis is tested that is consistent with a claim that beyond the largest most inventive cities individual organisations are highly influential and identifiable. The findings are compatible with recognition that variety in market structures is essential to understanding the location and growth of invention in the American urban system.
Deciphering the diagnostic challenges of female genital tuberculosis: Insights from women pursuing conception at a tertiary care centre in northern India
Authors: Sarbhai Vinita , Naaz Aafreen , Sarbhai Vikram
Published: September 2024

Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is asymptomatic or may present with a few symptoms among which infertility is the most common. The diagnosis of FGTB is challenging, as there is no single diagnostic test available.We researched 50 infertile patients by various special investigations and found 50% had tuberculosis, by various means. Endometrial biopsy and Hystero-laparoscopy are complementary procedures, and Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test is a useful new addition to the diagnostic armamentarium for endometrial and peritoneal samples.
Why Are Children of Immigrants Less Geographically Mobile? Examining the Role of Economic Disadvantage and Family Networks
Authors: Pertzikovitz Alon , Wachter Gusta G. , Kalmijn Matthijs
Published: September 2024

Previous work has found that adult children of international migrants in Western Europe have lower internal migration rates than individuals of native origin. This gap is important for differences in well-being, educational opportunities, and labor market outcomes. So far, however, little is known about the reasons for the greater geographical stability of migrant children. Theories suggest that structural differences such as economic resources as well as preferences for living near family may explain their lower internal migration rates. The current study tests these explanations by examining unique longitudinal register data from the Netherlands in which we follow the internal migration trajectories of people aged 18–50 in an observation window of 16 years between 2006 and 2022. We compare individuals of native origin with children of immigrants from Turkey and Morocco, two of the largest migrant populations in the country. Event history models confirmed that once socio-demographic characteristics were controlled for, children of migrants were less likely to migrate internally than individuals of native origin. Mediation analysis showed that economic resources did not explain the negative association; instead, the lower migration rates observed among children of migrants were mediated by geographical proximity to kin. Because migrant family networks are more geographically concentrated, children of migrants are more often discouraged from moving away. These findings highlight the pivotal role of family networks in explaining migrant-native differences in migration decision-making.
Bruno Latour, Pragmatism and Politics: A Researcher on a Mission
Authors: Hennion Antoine
Published: September 2024

Bruno Latour’s writings have been discussed at length. My article proposes a ‘version’ of his career that emphasizes the obsessive permanence of his questioning, by focusing on the mission he set himself. Without presuming an a priori coherence, the religious and military connotations of the word ‘mission’ express the strong determination to act and the notion of a calling, and also the indeterminate nature of the object sought as well as the means of achieving it. As William James used to write, the word ‘mission’ underlines the fact that very early on Latour wrote ‘for. . .’, not followed by an object complement: for something remaining undefined. His aim was neither to build a general theory, nor explain a specific field of activity, such as science, religion or politics, but to grasp things differently, in order to change ways of thinking and acting. And he did it.
The focus on life-prolonging anticancer treatment hampers shared decision-making in people with advanced cancer: A qualitative embedded multiple-case study
Authors: Ermers Daisy JM , van Geel Maartje J , Engels Yvonne , Kellenaers Demi , Schuurmans Anouk SJ , Ploos van Amstel Floortje K , van Herpen Carla ML , Schoon Yvonne , Schers Henk J , Vissers Kris CP , Kuip Evelien JM , Perry Marieke
Published: September 2024

Background:

Implementing shared decision-making in oncology practice is often limited, particularly integrating the patient’s context into decision-making. To improve this, we conducted a quality improvement project, CONtext. CONtext attempts to accomplish this by: (1) Integrating the patient’s context into shared decision-making during consultation with the medical oncologist; (2) Actively involving the GP and case manager (a specialized oncology nurse), who often have knowledge about the patient’s context, and; (3) Giving the person with advanced cancer a time-out period of up to 2 weeks to consider and discuss treatment options with others, including close family and friends.

Aim:

To explore how persons with advanced cancer and their involved professionals experienced shared decision-making after the introduction of CONtext.

Design:

A qualitative embedded multiple-case study using in-depth interviews analysed with inductive content analysis.

Participants:

A purposive sample of 14 cases, each case consisting of a patient with advanced cancer and ideally their medical oncologist, case manager, and GP.

Results:

Four themes were identified: shared decision-making is a dynamic and continuous process (1), in which the medical oncologist’s treatment recommendation is central (2), fuelled by the patients’ experience of not having a choice (3), and integrating the patient’s context into shared decision-making was considered important but hampered (4), for example, by the association with the terminal phase.

Conclusions:

The prevailing tendency among medical oncologists and persons with advanced cancer to prioritize life-prolonging anticancer treatments restricts the potential for shared decision-making. This undermines integrating individual context into decision-making, a critical aspect of the palliative care continuum.
Meditating on psychedelics. A randomized placebo-controlled study of DMT and harmine in a mindfulness retreat
Authors: Meling Daniel , Egger Klemens , Aicher Helena D , Jareño Redondo Javier , Mueller Jovin , Dornbierer Joëlle , Temperli Elijah , Vasella Emilia A , Caflisch Luzia , Pfeiffer David J , Schlomberg Jonas TT , Smallridge John W , Dornbierer Dario A , Scheidegger Milan
Published: September 2024

Background:

In recent years, both meditation and psychedelics have attracted rapidly increasing scientific interest. While the current state of evidence suggests the promising potential of psychedelics, such as psilocybin, to enhance meditative training, it remains equivocal whether these effects are specifically bound to psilocybin or if other classical psychedelics might show synergistic effects with meditation practice. One particularly promising candidate is N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), an active ingredient of ayahuasca.

Aim:

This study aims to investigate the effect of the psychedelic substance DMT, combined with the monoamine oxidase inhibitor harmine ( DMT-harmine), on meditative states, compared to meditation with a placebo.

Method:

Forty experienced meditators (18 females and 22 males) participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study over a 3-day meditation retreat, receiving either placebo or DMT-harmine. Participants’ levels of mindfulness, compassion, insight, and transcendence were assessed before, during, and after the meditation group retreat, using psychometric questionnaires.

Results:

Compared to meditation with a placebo, meditators who received DMT and harmine self-attributed greater levels of mystical-type experiences, non-dual awareness, and emotional breakthrough during the acute substance effects and, when corrected for baseline differences, greater psychological insight 1 day later. Mindfulness and compassion were not significantly different in the DMT-harmine group compared to placebo. At 1-month follow-up, the meditators who received DMT and harmine rated their experience as significantly more personally meaningful, spiritually significant, and well-being-enhancing than the meditators who received placebo.

Conclusion:

Investigating the impact of DMT-harmine on meditators in a naturalistic mindfulness group retreat, this placebo-controlled study highlights the specific effects of psychedelics during meditation.

Trial registration:

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT05780216.
Commentary on “AI is Changing the World: For Better or Worse” using a Neo-Colonialism Perspective
Authors: Fowler Jie Gao , Watson Amy , Royle Matthew Todd
Published: September 2024

This commentary expounds on the obstacles and tensions introduced by Grewal, Guha, and Becker using a neo-colonialist perspective to examine the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) development as it related to non-renewable resources, datasets and labeling, and global labor exploitation.