bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recurrence and Survival Rates for 1400 Early Breast Tumors Treated with Intraoperative Radiation Therapy (IORT)
Authors: Silverstein Melvin J. , Epstein Melinda S. , Chen Peter , Lin Kevin , Khan Sadia , Snyder Lincoln , Coleman Colleen , Guerra Lisa , Dehkordi-Vakil Farideh , Kim Brian
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) permits accurate delivery of radiation therapy directly to the tumor bed. We report local, regional, and distant recurrence data along with overall and breast cancer-specific survival for 1400 tumors treated with x-ray IORT.

Methods

A total of 1367 patients with 1400 distinct tumors were enrolled in a registry trial. All received breast conservation surgery and low-energy 50 kV x-ray IORT. To be eligible for excision plus IORT as the only local treatment, histopathology had to confirm tumor size ≤30 mm, margins ≥2 mm, negative lymph nodes, and no extensive lymphovascular invasion. Patients who failed any parameters were referred for additional surgery and/or whole breast radiation therapy (WBRT).

Results

There were 64 ipsilateral local recurrences, 60 were in the IORT only group, 7 axillary recurrences, and 7 distant recurrences. Forty-one local recurrences were within the same quadrant as the index cancer. Twenty-three were in different quadrants. With 62 months of median follow-up, the 5-year Kaplan–Meier probability of any event for all 1400 tumors was 5.27%. For 1175 patients who received IORT only, it was 5.98%. For favorable subtypes, it ranged from 2.41 to 4.31%. Multivariate analysis revealed that biologic subtype luminal A and the addition of WBRT significantly reduced the risk of local recurrence.

Conclusions

The local, regional, and distant recurrence rates observed were comparable to those reported in the literature for IORT but higher than those reported for standard forms of WBRT, hypofractionated treatment, or APBI. IORT benefits include convenience, decreased exposure to medical environments, and low complication rates.
Follow-up study about hydration parameters at moderate altitude: Measurements in healthy volunteers based on bio-electric impedance analysis (BIA)
Authors: Koch Horst J. , Raschka Christoph , Käsebieter Johannes
Published: January 2022

During residence in high mountain regions, the human water hydration status changes and, from the height of ~ 3,000 m above sea level, is associated with the risk of mountain sickness. The present investigation assessed this phenomenon at moderate height (1,300–2,300 m above sea level) after a residence time of approximately one week by means of bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA). 132 volunteers, attendees of a sports medicine congress (78 men, 54 women), agreed to enter the study. All participants underwent BIA measurements initially and after one week’s time. Apart from the basic characteristics – resistance (resistor, R) and capacitor resistor (reactance, Xc) – derived characteristics such as whole body water (TBW), body cell mass (BCM) or extracellular cell mass (ECM) were of interest. Significant changes after the stay in moderate altitude were only verified with regard to hand resistance (R). As the resistance decreased in both men and women, tissue hydration was probably stimulated. In conclusion, the study showed that a 1-week stay at moderate altitude shows only a slight influence on the BIA parameters.
Analysis of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) Based on Modified Double Multiple Stream Tube Model
Authors: Wang Zhicheng , Zhao Jie , Tanvir Md Rayhan , Mao Jiexian
Published: January 2022

To further improvement of the aerodynamic performance simulation model accuracy of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT), based on the traditional double multi-flow tube theoretical model, the aerodynamic parameters of the airfoil before and after stall are modified by the Lanchester method. Prand model is used to modify the aspect ratio of the airfoil under the condition of the small angle of attack before stall. Viterna Corrigan model is used to modify the aspect ratio, lift and drag coefficients of the airfoil under the stall. And a relaxation factor is introduced to correct the induction factor, also to improve the iterative non-convergence of the simulation under the condition of large tip speed ratio. The simulation results match the experimental data very well. Based on this new aerodynamic performance analysis method, the influence of blade tip speed ratio, blade number, blade chord length, rotor radius, and incoming wind speed on power coefficient and tangential force coefficient is studied, which can provide a reference for the design of aerodynamic performance parameters of the wind turbine.
Meshfree Galerkin Method for a Rotating Non-Uniform Rayleigh Beam with Refinement of Radial Basis Functions
Authors: Panchore Vijay
Published: January 2022

The rotating Rayleigh beam problem is solved with meshfree method where the radial basis functions are explored. Numbers of basis functions have been used for meshfree methods which also include radial basis function. In this paper, the Gaussian radial basis function and multiquadrics radial basis functions are combined to get the new basis function which provides accuracy for higher natural frequencies. The radial basis functions satisfy the Kronecker delta property and it is easy to apply the essential boundary conditions. The Galerkin method is used for weak formulation. The matrices have been derived. The results are obtained for Gaussian radial basis function and new basis function. The results show more accurate values for fourth and fifth natural frequency with new basis function where only six nodes are used within the subdomain of trial and test function. The results are also obtained with conventional finite element method where forty, two node elements are considered. Also, the results are obtained for rotating Euler-Bernoulli beam to observe the difference in results with rotating Rayleigh beam.
Micronutrient Deficiency Detection with Fingernail Images Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Selvi K. Tamil , Thamilselvan R. , Aarthi R. , Priyadarsini P. S. , Ranjani T.
Published: January 2022

Micronutrient deficiencies have a significant impact on society’s overall health and well-being, necessitating supplementation. Clinical equipment is required to measure micronutrients such as iron, zinc, and vitamins using existing clinical methods. In rural and low-income areas, there is a trade-off between infrastructure, precision, invasiveness, and cost. Invasive blood sampling in paediatric patients is more uncomfortable, in addition to being cost prohibitive. There is a link between micronutrient deficiencies and subjective assessments of anatomical regions like finger nail beds. Artificial intelligence can detect micronutrient deficiency by looking at the colour and metadata of the fingernails. Convolutional neural network models are used in the proposed deep learning model to extract the features of the nails and predict the corresponding deficiencies. Various architectures such as ResNet, SqueezeNet, DenseNet, VGG and custom model are used to detect cutaneous abnormalities such as Melanonychia, Mycotic, and Buea’s lines. The real-time images are used to train the model, which is then validated with sample images for increased accuracy. With images collected from web crawlers, the proposed non-invasive model has an accuracy of 94%, and performance can be further improved by training with large variants of data and data augmentation. This prediction mechanism is used in primary health care settings and is linked to frontline workers for quick and easy diagnosis
Implementation of Low Power Generic 2D FIR Filter Bank Architecture Using Memory-based Multipliers
Authors: Odugu Venkata Krishna , Narasimhulu C. Venkata , Prasad K. Satya
Published: January 2022

In this paper, a generic filter bank architecture for 2D FIR filter is proposed using block processing, symmetry in the filter coefficients, and memory-based multipliers. The different symmetry filters are considered as sub-filters of the filter bank to decrease the number of multipliers and the desired filter can be selected using control logic to reduce the power consumption. The block processing is incorporated to increase the throughput of the filter. Due to this block processing, memory sharing and memory reuse are achieved to optimize the architecture in terms of area, memory, and power. In each filter, the conventional multipliers are replaced with Distribute Arithmetic (DA) based memory multipliers to decrease the delay, power, and area of each sub-filter. The proposed design is coded by Verilog HDL and synthesized using Cadence Genus tools in 45 nm technology. The physical design is carried out using Cadence Innovus tools. The proposed design results are compared with state-of-the-art works.
Ant diversity inhabited oil palm plantations in a peatland in Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Johari Asni , HERMANTO M. ASEP , Wulandari Tia
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Johari A, Hermanto MA, Wulandari T. 2021. Ant diversity inhabited oil palm plantations in a peatland in Sumatra, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 13: 158-163. Ant community is one of the soil biotic components with diverse roles, including pollinators, predators, decomposers, parasites, and herbivores. Changes in land use from natural habitats to plantations affect the diversity and composition of ants because these groups are very vulnerable to environmental changes. The purpose of the study was to analyze the diversity of ants (Formicidae) found in peatland planted with oil palm. The study was conducted on peatland in Gambut Jaya village, Sungai Gelam sub-district, Muaro Jambi district, Indonesia from October 2019 to May 2020. The research was conducted through surveys in two peatland locations (natural peatland and oil palm plantation) using the purposive sampling technique through the stages of transect making, field sampling, sample preparation, and identification. A total of 2636 individuals of ants were collected from natural peatland, while 3183 individuals were found in oil palm plantations. Eight ant species were identified from both study sites belong to four subfamilies, namely Dolichoderinae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae, and Ponerinae. Among the species, Dolichoderus thoracicus were most dominant, composed 63.6% in natural peat-land and 73.6% in oil palm plantation. The diversity index of ant species in natural peatland was higher (0.97) than that in oil palm plantations (0.88), indicate the change in the abundance and diversity of ant species in oil palm plantations. Therefore, efforts to preserve the habitat of ants by maintaining their microhabitat and resource, as well as conserving the important species such as natural enemies of pests, need to be taken into account in peatland management.
Biological control of mosquitoes with odonates: A case study in Guyana
Authors: Dasrat Cindy Marina , Maharaj Gyanpriya
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Dasrat CM, Maharaj G. 2021. Biological control of mosquitoes with odonates: A case study in Guyana. Nusantara Bioscience 13: 163-170. Mosquitoes have plagued the lives of tropical residents as pests. However, due to their role as vectors of life-threatening diseases, controlling their population is necessary, especially in areas of prevalence – the Caribbean and Equatorial regions. In Guyana, we employ chemical treatments sub-regionally to eradicate mosquitoes. However, this treatment has limited success and is harmful to the environment. Therefore, our study focused on an environmentally friendly method such as biological control. This study was conducted at the University of Guyana, Turkeyen campus, where we exploited Odonata; Anisoptera, and Zygoptera as natural predators of mosquitoes of the genus Culex. The feeding efficiency and behaviors of naiads from the families of Libellulidae and Coenagrionidae were assessed during April – May of 2018. Each naiad was fed three Culine pupae and larvae, then observed for 60 minutes. We found that both groups pursue soft-bodied larvae and Libellulidae naiads are more efficient predators due to the higher feeding rate than Coenagrionidae. This finding is related to a behavioral study where we observed Libellulidae as active hunters that masticate and consume faster than Coenagrionidae, which are lay and wait, opportunistic predators that swallow their prey. We concluded that Libellulidae is an efficient predator for mosquito larvae of the Culex genus, and we found that there is a link between morphologic characteristics and feeding behaviors. We hope to use these results as a baseline study to develop mosquito biological control in Guyana. These can be used to reduce mosquito populations and the occurrence of vector diseases as well as improve integrated pest and vector management.
INFORMED YOUTH ON HIV / AIDS PROBLEM IN KYRGYZSTAN
Authors: Imanbaev Samat K. , Karabaeva Indira
Published: January 2022

Today, the HIV/AIDS epidemic extends far beyond risk groups. The absence of clearly coordinated activities and an integrated approach to solving the problem plays an important role for its spread, that can have catastrophic consequences for the population, significantly increase public spending on health care and lead to a decrease in the well-being and deterioration of people's living conditions. The relevance of this article is related to the problem of HIV/AIDS in the Kyrgyz Republic. Despite the fact that recently activities on the prevention and prevention of the spread of HIV / AIDS have noticeably revived thanks to the financial support of various international organizations and foundations, the activity of civil society still leaves much to be desired, as well as the awareness of the seriousness of this problem among the general population. In accordance with research objectives, a sociological survey was conducted in 2019 to identify the awareness of young people on this issue. The study has shown that traditional methods (lectures, distribution of condoms, etc.) among the general population are not very effective. Imaginative perception of the problem is especially effective for a young age, therefore, feature films, books, performances that carry an informative beginning on spiritual education, as well as the actions of antiheroes who have been captured by drugs, prostitution and HIV / AIDS can be more beneficial than hundreds of trainings and lectures.
IMAGE OF THE FUTURE OF RUSSIA AMONG DIFFERENT GENERATIONS: CONCEPTUAL BACKGROUND AND EMPIRICAL RESULTS
Authors: Omelchenko Daria A. , Maximova Svetlana G. , Noyanzina Oksana E. , Shcheglova Daria K.
Published: January 2022

The image of the country, along with the images of the people, the nation, is one of the most important elements of formation and functioning of civic identity, playing the role of an identification referent with which the thoughts and feelings, attitudes and life aspirations of citizens are compared. This is a complex social construct, influenced by many different forces - political, social and cultural in nature, the analysis of its content is necessary both from scientific considerations and practical necessity, including related to the assessment of the effectiveness of social institutions responsible for the formation of national identity, citizenship, patriotism. The article is based on the results of the analysis of scientific literature and psychosematic experiments conducted in four regions of Russia (Altai and Khabarovsk regions, Kaliningrad and Voronezh regions) aimed at the reconstruction and description of five images of Russia - "imperial Russia", "Soviet Russia", "Russia of the present" , "Russia in the future" and "ideal Russia". The authors reveal the basic characteristics inherent in each image and explore the grounds for their differentiation. A separate direction of the analysis was the identification of intergenerational differences in the perception of images, which, as the authors conclude, were not insurmountable, but reflect expectations and preferences in landmarks and development priorities.
Mosque as Emergency Shelter in Natural Disaster: Responses and Challenges
Authors: Cahyadi Ashadi , Pilli Salim Bela , Rahmat Ihsan
Published: January 2022

Mosque has a pivotal role during the most critical phase in a natural disaster. However, mosque administrators frequently have no good comprehension of the other function of mosques other than a place of worship. When refugees of a natural disaster took shelter in the mosque, the mosque administrators were uncertain between keeping the mosque holiness as the house of God or prioritizing humanity first. This study discussed the responses and challenges of mosque administrators and refugees during making mosques as emergency shelters. This paper applied a qualitative approach to gather responses and challenges experienced by the administrators of Baiturrahim Mosque and a quantitative approach to survey why refugees chose the mosque as shelter. The value of this paper was to describe the different views of the mosque administrators regarding the function of the mosque, including the many challenges faced due to lack of knowledge and experience. Nine reasons why refugees chose mosques as shelters were assessed based on percentage. Refugees were faced with strict norms of decency and ethics from the mosque. Equalization of perceptions among administrators about the function of mosques and education to the community is essential in the mitigation phase. Therefore, we recommend the disaster authority make regulations and standard operating procedures to guide the work and direction of building mosques in disaster-prone locations for future preparation.
Work-life Stress and Life Quality of Married Women among Self Financing College Teachers in Kerala
Authors: Kumar Aiswarya V , V.P. Velmurugan
Published: January 2022

India's constantly active behavior and modernizing population has had a profound impact on Indian families' structure and dynamics. In the majority of studies of married women in India who work, economic necessity was cited as the primary motivator. Higher education is one of Kerala's major economies, since the state leads the nation in higher education. Currently, self-supporting college professors face a variety of issues that are widely discussed in the public sphere. They play a crucial role in higher education and so, it's important to keep a focus on their work-life tension. When it comes to managing work and life, self-funding college professors need to be careful. Students, the organization, and the teachers all suffer if the teachers are not in a state of equilibrium. This study explores the work-life balance of self-supporting college professors in terms of stress and stress. For the higher education system, the report has had far implications. An attempt has been made in this study to shed light on the work-life balance concerns of Trivandrum's self-funded professors. Questionnaires were used to collect research data, and statistical methods were used to utilize the data. It was determined that self-financing college teachers have a work-life score that is slightly above average.
An Empirical Study on the Problems of Kudumbashree Units in Kerala
Authors: Pandala CR Narayanan , K.A. Dr. Janardhanan
Published: January 2022

Women have become society's backbone, and their contributions must be acknowledged and valued. There is a significant change in society when women and men enjoy equal standing. By establishing microcredit and productive companies, the Kudumbashree scheme strives to improve the living standards of disadvantaged women in rural areas. There is a strong push to promote Kudumbashree units to fulfil the state's livelihood missions in order to provide better job and livelihood opportunities for the underprivileged. It was also realised that these Kudumbashree teams encounter incalculable difficulties in their missions. “Brittle support from direct stakeholders and a lack of professionalism,” “Infringement of unnecessary external governance,” and “Absence of flawless familiarity on Kudumbashree units” are all issues that Kudumbashree units face.
Ethical Perception of Leadership and Responsible Behavior: An Exploratory Study of Leaders of Public Organizations in Iraq
Authors: Abdul-Jabbar Al-Taai Muna Haider
Published: January 2022

The study aimed to identify the effect of the ethical perception of a sample of managers in public organizations on responsible behavior in light of the rapid changes taking place in the external environment. To achieve this, the researcher followed the descriptive analytical approach by applying a questionnaire of two parts. The first part dealt with the ethical perception according to the scale of Johnson (2015), which consisted of (22) items. The second part dealt with measuring responsible behavior, which consisted of (20) items based on the scale of Development of Ethical Behavior (Narvaez, 2006) for a sample of (125) respondents randomly chosen. The results showed that the estimation degree of managers in public governmental organizations of the level of ethical perception was average with arithmetic mean (3.26) and standard deviation (1.44). Moreover, the level of responsible behavior was average with arithmetic mean (3.19) and standard deviation (1.24). The results revealed a direct statistically significant relationship between the estimation degree of managers of the level of ethical perception and that for the level of responsible behavior, as the correlation coefficient reached (0.413). They also demonstrated statistically significant differences between the average scores of managers' estimation of the level of ethical perception attributable to the personal (demographic) variables. The study recommended that the priorities of the general agenda should focus on developing ethical perceptions of leadership in public organizations, which contributes to building and promoting responsible behavior in various directions.
The Design of a Microcontroller-based Self Balancing Robot Employing PID Control and Kalman Filter
Authors: Sulaiman Ahmad Fahmi, Marizan , Siradjuddin Indrazno , Dzakiyullah Nur Rachman
Published: January 2022

A self-balancing robot is a mobile robot that has two wheels on the right and left sides which will not balance if it is not controlled. This study aims to design a control system that can balance the self-balancing robot. The system used as input is from the MPU6050 sensor, and the output from the sensor in the form of a tilt angle will be processed using a microcontroller. The angle obtained will be compared with the setpoint value which is 0 degrees. The difference between the setpoint and the system output angle is controlled using PID control. For the output from the PID to be more stable, it will be filtered using a Kalman filter. Analysis of calculations using MATLAB software to make it easier to analyze the response of the self-balancing robot that has been given the values of Kp, Ki, and Kd. From the test results, it is obtained that the PID controller parameters that will be used from tunning the Kcr value with the Ziegler-Nichols method are Kp = 5.67, Ki = 85.5 and Kd = 0.0004 can overcome the balance in the self-balancing robot approaching the setpoint value with an angle range between -3º to 3º.
A Study on the Influence of Job Satisfaction on the Quality of Work Life of Higher Secondary School Teachers
Authors: J.R. Auslien Nanci , V.P. Velmurugan
Published: January 2022

In the present era, to attract and retain teachers in a school, it must provide a high degree of Quality of Work Life and better Job satisfaction among teachers. A high level of Quality of Work Life and Job satisfaction is essential for all kinds of institution to delight the existing teachers and to attract new teachers. This research paper highlights the relationship between the Quality of Work Life and Job satisfaction among higher secondary school teachers. A sample of 140 higher secondary school teachers from southern part of Tamil Nadu is taken as sample for the research. The findings of the research imply that a positive and significant relationship is seen among Quality of Work Life and Job satisfaction of higher secondary school teachers.
Machine Learning for Single and Complex 3D Head Gestures: Classification in Human-Computer Interaction
Authors: Dawood Dr. Amina Atiya , Hussain Balasem Alawi
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a new Hidden Markov Model based approach for fast and automatic detection and classification of head movements in real time dynamic videos. The model has been developed to utilize human-computer interaction applications by using only the laptop webcam. The proposed model has the ability to predict single head and combined simultaneously in fast responses. Other models paid more attention to classify head nod and shake only, but our model contribute the role of other head movements. The model proposed here doesn’t need any user intervention or previous knowledge of its environment. In addition, there is no limitation on illumination changes and occlusions, as well as no restrictions on head movements ranges. The model achieved significant results and efficient performances when tested on unseen data. As the model accuracies were 94%, 99%, 83%, 87%, 93%, 96% for all head gestures (rest, nod, turn, shake, tilt and tilting) respectively. On the other hand, the model accuracy was 99% and 88% for combined and single cues respectively. The aim of this model is to provide a fast application to infer and predict human emotions and affective states in real time through head gestures.
Existence of Dependent Rights Guarantee Binding Related to Financing of Musyarakah Facilities in Islamic Banking
Authors: . Yuhelson
Published: January 2022

In the musyarakah financing contract, there is the imposition of mortgage rights, which will be auctioned if the customer does not pay the installments to the Islamic bank. However, the concept of musharakah itself does not recognize any mortgage rights, because musharakah adheres to the principle of profit sharing and losses being shared, with the imposition of mortgage rights on musharakah financing creates legal uncertainty for customers, because banks do not want to bear losses together with customers. From the results of the study it was concluded that, the implementation of the binding of mortgage guarantees in musyarakah financing is basically the same as the binding of mortgage guarantees on conventional banks, only regarding the execution of mortgage guarantees musyarakah financing in Islamic banks Courts while in conventional banking in the District Court, and the binding of Mortgage on musyarakah financing is not guaranteed by law, in Law No. 21 of 2008 concerning Islamic Banks it does not regulate mortgage rights in musyarakah financing, and also the imposition of mortgage rights on musyarakah financing proves that Islamic banks do not want to participate in the loss of musharakah financing. With the uncertainty due to the imposition of mortgage rights on musyarakah financing, customers do not get certainty of their rights actually in musharakah financing.
Image Segmentation based Deep Learning for Biliary Tree Diagnosis
Authors: AL-Oudat Mohammad , Azzeh Mohammad , Qattous Hazem , Altamimi Ahmad , Alomari Saleh
Published: January 2022

Dilation of biliary tree can be an indicator of several diseases such as stones, tumors, benign strictures, and some cases cancer. This dilation can be due to many reasons such as gallstones, inflammation of the bile ducts, trauma, injury, severe liver damage. Automatic measurement of the biliary tree in magnetic resonance images (MRI) is helpful to assist hepatobiliary surgeons for minimally invasive surgery. In this paper, we proposed a model to segment biliary tree MRI images using a Fully Convolutional Neural (FCN) network. Based on the extracted area, seven features that include Entropy, standard deviation, RMS, kurtosis, skewness, Energy and maximum are computed. A database of images from King Hussein Medical Center (KHMC) is used in this work, containing 800 MRI images; 400 cases with normal biliary tree; and 400 images with dilated biliary tree labeled by surgeons. Once the features are extracted, four classifiers (Multi-Layer perceptron neural network, support vector machine, k-NN and decision tree) are applied to predict the status of patient in terms of biliary tree (normal or dilated). All classifiers show high accuracy in terms of Area Under Curve except support vector machine. The contributions of this work include introducing a fully convolutional network for biliary tree segmentation, additionally scientifically correlate the extracted features with the status of biliary tree (normal or dilated) that have not been previously investigated in the literature from MRI images for biliary tree status determinations.
Perceptions of Faculty Members in Southern Jordan Faculties about the Effectiveness of Electronic Educational Platforms in Developing e-learning Learning Skills
Authors: Alsarayrah Amal Mohammad
Published: January 2022

The present study mainly aimed to determine the Perceptions faculty members in the colleges of Southern Jordan, the effectiveness of electronic educational platforms in developing e-learning skills. The study depended on the descriptive analytical approach. Besides, the study community included faculty members working in the faculties of southern Jordan. The sample of the study was (156) male as well as female teachers, they were chosen randomly. Furthermore, the study’s results reflected that the effectiveness of electronic educational platforms for faculty members in developing electronic science skills recorded a positive level. Besides, it recorded an arithmetic mean of (3.59). Moreover, the study came to its end by recommending the necessity of holding a number of courses as well as workshops for faculty members as well as students, to develop their attitudes about the electronic educational platforms’ use in e-learning, and to train them on how to use it, and to modify practical and theoretical curricula of faculties to conform to their application, by using electronic platforms of education, and to dissolve all obstacles until reaching the platforms’ use. E-education, concerning providing fast modern and virtual internet laboratories in faculties in proportion to the students’ number as well as courses.
Investigation of Different CW Laser Parameters for 640 Gbps DWDM Transceiver System
Authors: Abbas Ehsan M. , Abdulwahid Maan M.
Published: January 2022

This paper demonstrate design of 16 channel Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) transceiver system and analyze the effect of Continuous Wave (CW) laser parameter on the transmission of data. The proposed system designed to support data rate of 640 Gbps and by using the software of Optisystem 18. The parameters included with investigation are the CW laser extinction ration, CW laser power, and channel spacing. The investigation for these parameters would be based on their effect on the parameters of Quality Factor (QF) and Bit Error Rate (BER). In this study, the effect of chromatic dispersion would be involved along with investigation to and handled during transmission by using Dispersion Compensation Fiber (DCF). Analyzing results obtained indicate the best outcome of these studied parameters and the relation between them and both the QF and BER.
Testing the Efficiency of Wireless Service Indicators
Authors: Ali Maryam Ghazi , Dakhel Sameer Saud , Majeed Sadiq Sahep
Published: January 2022

As a result of the growth of data traffic, it is natural that until we reach 2030, the use of wireless data will increase three times more than the use of wired data, and as a result of this, the use of data services in mobile phones is also expected to increase by almost the same percentage. In 2030, the speed of data transmission in mobile phones may increase to ten times a megabyte per second than the speed of data transmission currently, and also special attention must be given to the share of visual and audio data in terms of data transmission speed when used on a mobile phone, where visual data will represent about 85% of data traffic in mobile phones. In fact, the principle of competition between mobile data service operators is currently based on the volume of data traffic, so we developed a simplified mathematical model to test the efficiency of service indicators provided in wireless networks.
Humanization in Educational Environments; Aspects Necessary for Living in School Today
Authors: Tomé José Manuel Salum
Published: January 2022

While it is true, quality has always been measured through statistics and percentages, often forgetting the training of the whole person.

Now, when we talk about issues such as humanism and education supported by technology, we can fall into extremes: it is common to label technology as the provider of all the evils of today's civilization; or the opposite assumption; to argue that incorporating technologies into education would be the panacea for all the problems it faces and finally, to assume that the subject of the humanities is more typical of actions and attitudes of the past than as a current need, giving vitality to any educational process. However, and fortunately for the educational community, today there are global efforts to make the educational task a human action that minimizes inequities and the abysmal differences that exist in countries like ours. Fernando Reimers says: “Equal educational opportunities must be the priority objective of educational policies, the aim of education must be to contribute to creating just societies. This requires improving the learning environments of the poor, but not only along the paths that have been started over the last decade. This aspect pointed out by Reimers is precisely the central aspect that all educational action must contemplate, the educational policies that are implemented in our country must guarantee, above all, the construction of a just and egalitarian society, strengthening the cultural wealth that we have, with respect to to the diversity of people, their past, their present and especially their future.
An Algorithm of Long Term Evolution-5G Data Transmission Based on Gray Fuzzy Bayesian Network to Monitor Health Parameters
Authors: Chen Ying
Published: January 2022

Aiming at the problems of poor data transmission accuracy and small transmission bandwidth in mobile communication systems, this paper proposes an Long Term Evolution-5G (LTE-5G) data transmission algorithm based on gray theory. On the basis of LTE-5G data mapping, the constellation graph of LTE-5G data transmission was designed so as to complete the one-time formation of data transmission and reduce the influence of Rayleigh noise on the normal mapping process of data. Aiming at the channel error caused by the crossing phenomenon between projections in the transmission constellation and the regional overlapping phenomenon, the gray fuzzy Bayesian network was used to process the gray fuzzy domain and probability data. The results of fuzzy data evaluation were transformed into knowledge in the probability domain by the theory of probability conversion. In the probability knowledge domain, the Bayesian network reasoning algorithm was used to extract the fuzzy data. And then, a grouped fault-tolerant model of transmission constellation was constructed. The protocol fields were repaired by the maximum posterior estimation of the receiver. Finally, the forward error control without the coding sender was completed. Thus, the accuracy of LTE-5G data transmission was improved. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has higher data transmission accuracy and bandwidth.
Riesgo cardiovascular en una población escolar con exceso de peso
Authors: Pajuelo-Ramírez Jaime , Bernui-Leo Ivonne , Delgado-Pérez Doris , Palomo-Luck Patricia , Aquino-Ramírez Anthony , Cochachin-Henostroza Omaira
Published: January 2022

Objetivo. Determinar factores de riesgo cardiovascular en escolares con exceso de peso y medir su asociación con variables sociodemográficas. Métodos. Estudio transversal, analítico. Se encuestó a 2001 escolares mujeres de 6 a 17 años de un Centro Educativo de Lima Metropolitana. Se utilizó el índice de masa corporal para el diagnóstico de exceso de peso (sobrepeso entre 85 y 95p y obesidad ≥ 95p) y la circunferencia de cintura para obesidad abdominal (≥ 90p). HOMA-I para la resistencia a la insulina (RI) (≥ 3,16) y para las alteraciones lipídicas: colesterol total (≥ 200 mg/dL), C-HDL bajo (≤ 40 mg/dL), C-LDL alto (≥ 130 mg/dL), C no HDL (≥ 145 mg/dL) y triglicéridos (≥ 100 y 130 mg/dL) para niñas menores de 9 y de 10 a 19 años, respectivamente. Resultados. El exceso de peso se presentó mayormente en las escolares de 10 a 17 años, en las que nacieron con más de 2500 gr, con más de un antecedente familiar, con lactancia materna exclusiva y en aquellas cuyas madres no tuvieron instrucción. Las alteraciones lipídicas más frecuentes fueron hipertrigliceridemia y C-HDL bajo. El 82% presentó dislipidemia y el 55,4% de obesos RI. La obesidad abdominal estuvo asociada con los antecedentes familiares y la instrucción de la madre. Conclusion. Cuatro de cada cinco niñas con exceso de peso presentó por lo menos una alteración de los lípidos. Una de cada dos obesas tuvo RI.
Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la endocarditis infecciosa en el Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, 2014-2019
Authors: Ferrer Rodríguez Carolina , Fu Llampasi Martha , Espíritu Nora , Parhuana Bando Alejandra
Published: January 2022

Introducción. La endocarditis infecciosa (EI) es una enfermedad causada por la invasión de organismos patógenos al endotelio cardiaco. Objetivos. Determinar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la endocarditis infecciosa en el Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, 2014-2019, Lima-Perú. Métodos. Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se incluyeron a pacientes mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de EI según criterios de Duke modificados, que contaban con hemograma, hemocultivo y ecocardiograma. Resultados. Se estudiaron 26 pacientes; la edad promedio fue 46,96 ± 15,6 años, predominó el sexo masculino (57,7%), 15 procedían de Lima y el 50% tenían como grado de instrucción secundaria completa. El 57,7% (n=15) tuvieron hemocultivo negativo, la sintomatología más frecuente fue soplo cardíaco (67,6%), fiebre (26%) y disnea (23,4%), la complicación predominante fue la insuficiencia cardíaca (61%). Las comorbilidades (47,1%) fueron el principal factor de riesgo. La válvula mitral (51,7%) fue la más comprometida. El régimen antibiótico vancomicina + ceftriaxona y vancomicina + gentamicina ambos con 19,2% fueron los más usados. El 84,6% presentaron valores de amplitud de distribución eritrocitaria (ADE) >14,4%. De 10 que fallecieron, 9 tuvieron ADE > 14,4%. Conclusiones. La EI afectó principalmente a mayores de 50 años, de sexo masculino, con comorbilidades concomitantes. La ecocardiografía positiva junto a los criterios menores de Duke fueron predominantes. La mayoría presentó valores elevados de ADE que se relacionaron con la presencia de complicaciones y mortalidad, la cual fue alta.
La pandemia COVID-19 y la salud global desde la perspectiva de la bioética crítica
Authors: Izaguirre Manuel
Published: January 2022

La globalización y la salud global son consecuencias de las decisiones de los responsables de los gobiernos que generaron las políticas públicas, los modos de producción y desarrollo, sin pensar en el beneficio de las personas y del medio ambiente, actuando sin responsabilidad ética ni social al no centrarse en la persona. El derecho humano prioriza la salud y la equidad para todas las personas, valorando la igualdad en el ámbito de la política global, la globalización económica y tecnológica, y en los problemas globales relacionados al medio ambiente, el calentamiento global y flujos migratorios, cuya comprensión demanda conocer las relaciones entre salud humana, ambiente y riqueza, priorizando la supervivencia óptima de la humanidad, meta final de la bioética global, para garantizar la dignidad humana y los derechos humanos universales, incluido el derecho a la salud. “La moralidad universal es producto histórico de la experiencia humana”, al ser prácticas y lecciones aprendidas en el transcurrir del tiempo. Por consiguiente, las decisiones éticas para solucionar conflictos morales durante la pandemia deben ser racionales y no solo emocionales, circunscritas en el ámbito de lo social y de la justicia distributiva con la finalidad de salvar el mayor número de vidas basado en los principios de la ética social, contraponiendo los principios éticos del ámbito individual como la autonomía que es privilegiada cuando no perjudica a otros y la justicia que la limita cuando se priva la libertad con fines de aislamiento.
Características clínicas, epidemiológicas y patológicas de los linfomas en pacientes del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño de Breña - Perú, 2015- 2019
Authors: Gálvez Paz Cristina Noelia , Mendoza Goycochea Mariela Esther , Espíritu Nora , Paz Carrillo Edith Maritza
Published: January 2022

Objetivo. Determinar las características clínicas, epidemiológicas y patológicas de los linfomas en pacientes del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño Breña entre el 2015-2019. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, observacional, transversal, descriptivo y retrospectivo; correspondiente a los pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de linfoma entre los años 2015 al 2019. Para el análisis se utilizó el programa SPSS v24. Las variables cuantitativas fueron expresadas en medidas de tendencia central y las cualitativas en frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados. Se incluyeron 43 casos, el promedio fue 7,2 años (1a – 16a), el 72,1% (n= 31) fueron del sexo masculino. Entre los síntomas más frecuentes están fiebre 51,2% (n= 22), baja de peso 41,9% (n= 18) y cansancio 20,9% (n= 9) y entre los signos prevalentes, las linfadenopatías 83,7% (n=36) y tumoración abdominal con 14% (n= 6). La localización más frecuente fue la de tipo ganglionar con 69,8% (n=30). La anemia se presentó en un 58,1% (n= 25). Según el diagnóstico anátomopatologico, 20 (48,8%) casos fueron Linfoma Hodgkin (LH) y 23 (51,2%) no Hodgkin (LNH); siendo los tipos más frecuente el linfoma linfoblástico B con un 25,6% (n=11), seguido de LH celularidad mixta con 20,9% (n= 9). El linfoma más frecuente en etapa preescolar fue el LH celularidad mixta con 31,3% (n= 5), mientras que en etapa escolar el linfoma linfoblástico B con 25,9% (n=7). Conclusiones. En pacientes pediátricos, el linfoma afectó mayormente al sexo masculino, presentando fiebre, baja de peso, linfoadenopatías, tumoración abdominaly anemia. El linfoma linfoblástico B fue el más frecuente; estas características clínicas son similares a lo reportado a nivel mundial.
Primer reporte de Candida auris en Perú
Authors: Yagui-Moscoso Martín , Paucar-Miranda Celia J. , Sandoval-Ahumada Roxana E. , López-Martínez Rosa L. , Terrel-Gutierrez Leonel , Zurita-Macalapu Susana , Urcia-Ausejo Flor , Flores-León Diana , Gavilan-Chávez Ronnie , Quispe-Pardo Zenobia
Published: January 2022

Candida auris es un hongo emergente que ha cobrado en corto tiempo gran relevancia como problema de salud pública mundial. Se reporta por primera vez en el Perú la presencia de Candida auris en 3 pacientes adultos internados en un hospital nacional de alta complejidad en el último trimestre del año 2020 en plena pandemia de COVID-19.  Los pacientes fueron hospitalizados en UCI, sin embargo, solo en 2 pacientes se aisló dicho germen mientras estaban hospitalizados en UCI.  Los pacientes tenían varias comorbilidades y tiempos prolongados de hospitalización desde su admisión hasta tener su primer cultivo positivo a C. auris.  Todos los pacientes adquirieron una infección nosocomial bacteriana en algún momento de su hospitalización y recibieron antibióticos de amplio espectro. Todas las cepas aisladas eran resistentes a Fluconazol.  El equipo de control de infecciones del hospital reforzó las medidas de contención y el Ministerio de Salud emitió una alerta epidemiológica.
Seguimiento de pacientes con pie diabético en un hospital de alta complejidad del norte del Perú
Authors: León-Jiménez Franco , Torres-Samamé Liliana , Altamirano-Cardozo Lida , Navarro-Ríos Ana Paula Sofía , Meléndez-Ramírez Giulliana Almendra
Published: January 2022

Introducción. El pie diabético es una complicación frecuente de la diabetes. Los datos son escasos en el norte peruano. Objetivo. Describir la evolución clínica del pie diabético en un hospital de Lambayeque-Perú, entre los años 2018 y 2019. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo. Los pacientes fueron captados por emergencia/consulta y seguidos por la unidad de pie diabético mediante visitas diarias y curaciones. Resultados. Seguimiento desde agosto del 2018 a octubre 2019. Hubo 136 pacientes; mediana de edad: 63 años (RIC= 54-86) y 50,38% fueron hombres. La mediana de años con diabetes y tiempo de hospitalización fue 10 años y 10 días; 40% y 21% tuvo trauma y amputación previa. Las frecuencias de hipertensión arterial, nefropatía diabética, enfermedad renal crónica, síndrome coronario agudo y evento cerebrovascular previo fueron: 52,9%, 26,4%, 33,3%, 2,9% y 16,6%, respectivamente; 50,7% tuvo compromiso de pie derecho, 58,1% del izquierdo y 8,6%, de ambos. El Wagner inicial más frecuente fue IV: 30,16%, seguido de II: 25,40% y el final más frecuente fue IV: 42,15% seguido del II: 22,31%. Se amputaron 41,22%, mayores: 28,24% y menores 11,8%; 25,6% fueron supracondíleas; 39,6% tuvo sepsis, evolución desfavorable 38,58% y fallecieron 9,44%. En los amputados, la mediana de días antes de la amputación fue 12. Conclusiones. La frecuencia de amputación y mortalidad fue mayor a la de estudios anteriores. Hubo una alta frecuencia de evolución desfavorable: amputación/muerte o empeoramiento de la gangrena.
Tiroidectomía transoral endoscópica por abordaje vestibular (TOETVA): primer caso en Perú
Authors: Salas Moscoso Edgar , Iwaki Chavez Roberto , Sánchez e Ingunza Pedro , Castillejo Correa Julio
Published: January 2022

La calidad de vida luego de la cirugía de la glándula tiroides es tan importante como el control de la enfermedad. Para mejorar los resultados cosméticos y la satisfacción del paciente se usan abordajes endoscópicos usando incisiones fuera de la región cervical. La tiroidectomía transoral endoscópica no deja ninguna cicatriz visible en la piel y es una técnica quirúrgica segura. Se presenta el caso de una paciente mujer de 29 años con una tumoración benigna de la glándula tiroides con síntomas compresivos y preocupaciones estéticas, sometida a hemitiroidectomia derecha mediante abordaje transoral vestibular endoscópico en un tiempo de 150 minutos y sangrado mínimo. Los resultados son comparables con la técnica quirúrgica abierta, con un mejor resultado estético y mejora en la calidad de vida.