bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of circRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory network associated to the autism spectrum disorder in children through integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Reiisi Somayeh , Ebrahimi Seyed Omar , Ahmadi Kambiz , Pour Najmeh Nezamabadi , Jahanara Abbas
Published: May 2024

Background

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurological disability with multifactorial etiology. ASD is described by behavior, speech, language, and communication defects. CircRNA is a type of ceRNA that plays an important role in modulating microRNAs (miRNA) in several disorders. However, the potential role of the circRNA/miRNA/mRNA regulatory network in the pathogenesis of ASD is not fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to create a circRNA/miRNA/mRNA network associated with ASD to cast light on the pathogenesis of ASD.

Methods

CircRNA expression profile data were recruited from Gene Expression Omnibus datasets, and the differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs) were identified. Then, miRNAs modulated by these circRNAs were predicted and overlapped with differentially expressed miRNAs. Next, the potentially involved genes were identified by overlapping predicted targets, and differentially expressed genes. The enrichment analysis was performed, and a PPI network was projected. Subsequently, ten key genes were selected from the network. Furthermore, a circRNA/miRNA/mRNA regulatory network was constructed, and probable molecules and drugs with potential anti-ASD effects were predicted.

Results

11 DEcircRNAs and 8 miRNAs regulated by 4 circRNAs were identified as being significantly involved. Subsequently, gene enrichment analysis of 71 overlapped mRNA regulated by these miRNAs showed that they are mostly associated with hippocampal synaptogenesis, neurogenesis, and axon guidance. Additionally, two high-score compounds, GSK3β inhibitor (SB216763) and dexamethasone, and three drugs (haloperidol, nystatin, paroxetine) were confirmed as potential therapeutic options for ASD.

Conclusion

The results of this study may help gain deeper insight into the pathogenesis of the circRNA/miRNA/mRNA regulatory network in ASD, providing potential therapeutic management options.
Space/ground-borne techniques and petrographic microscopic dissection for geologic mapping in Gabal Ras Abda area, Northeastern Desert, Egypt
Authors: Salem Mahmoud M. , Yehia Mohamed A. , Omran Ali A. , Sundoly Hassan I. El , Soliman Mohammed A. , Abdelmalik Karim
Published: May 2024

Background

Gabal Ras Abda area as a part of the Red Sea Mountain range, is characterized by inaccessible and rugged terrains. The exposed rock units are hardly followed in the field because of the rigid topography. Thus, the present work proposes and develops an integrated approach to map the exposed rock units and extract the geologic structures using satellite imagery data followed by both field and petrographic verification, saving time, efforts and cost.

Results

To achieve the target, both the measured spectral signature curves with Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2A data were used to develop and create the most enhanced Band Ratios and Principal Components for lithological discrimination and mapping which were (((Band7 + Band 4)/(Band 7), (Band 2)/(Band 2 + Band 5) and (Band 5) in RGB) and ((Band 9 + Band 11 + Band 12)/(Band 1), (Band 4 − Band 2) and (Band 11/Band 6) + (Band 6) in RGB)) with Principal Component Bands ((PC1, PC2 and PC3 in RGB) and (PC3, PC2 and PC1 in RGB)), respectively. Also, georeferenced Google Earth Pro, panchromatic band of Landsat-8 and ALOS PALSAR Digital Elevation Model images were used to extract the structural lineaments. Geologic, petrographic and field structural studies were emphasized the remote sensing results, indicating that the main rock types cropped out in Ras Abda area from the oldest to the youngest are older granitoids (quartz-diorites, tonalites and granodiorites), Dokhan volcanics (andesites, rhyodacites, rhyolites and their related tuffs), younger gabbros, younger granites (monzogranites, syenogranites and alkali-feldspar granites), post-granite dykes and offshoots (acidic, microgranitic and basic types) and Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks. Also, the study emphasized that the E-W trend is the main structural trend controlling the investigated area followed by WNW-ESE and NE-SW directions.

Conclusions

The results of remote sensing achieved compliance with the geologic, petrographic and structural investigation through distinctly differentiating the different rocks and extracting the lineaments, indicating the accuracy of the remote sensing results and emphasizing their importance and effective role in producing a precise and highly accurate geologic map.

Graphical abstract
Real-Time Particle Emission Monitoring for the Non-Invasive Prediction of Lung Deposition via a Dry Powder Inhaler
Authors: Hatazoe Sakiko , Hira Daiki , Kondo Tetsuri , Ueshima Satoshi , Okano Tomonobu , Hamada Satoshi , Sato Susumu , Terada Tomohiro , Kakumoto Mikio
Published: May 2024

Although inhalation therapy represents a promising drug delivery route for the treatment of respiratory diseases, the real-time evaluation of lung drug deposition remains an area yet to be fully explored. To evaluate the utility of the photo reflection method (PRM) as a real-time non-invasive monitoring of pulmonary drug delivery, the relationship between particle emission signals measured by the PRM and in vitro inhalation performance was evaluated in this study. Symbicort® Turbuhaler® was used as a model dry powder inhaler. In vitro aerodynamic particle deposition was evaluated using a twin-stage liquid impinger (TSLI). Four different inhalation patterns were defined based on the slope of increased flow rate (4.9–9.8 L/s2) and peak flow rate (30 L/min and 60 L/min). The inhalation flow rate and particle emission profile were measured using an inhalation flow meter and a PRM drug release detector, respectively. The inhalation performance was characterized by output efficiency (OE, %) and stage 2 deposition of TSLI (an index of the deagglomerating efficiency, St2, %). The OE × St2 is defined as the amount delivered to the lungs. The particle emissions generated by four different inhalation patterns were completed within 0.4 s after the start of inhalation, and were observed as a sharper and larger peak under conditions of a higher flow increase rate. These were significantly correlated between the OE or OE × St2 and the photo reflection signal (p < 0.001). The particle emission signal by PRM could be a useful non-invasive real-time monitoring tool for dry powder inhalers.

Graphical Abstract
Associations of Vegetable and Potato Intakes With Markers of Type 2 Diabetes Risk in the AusDiab Cohort
Authors: Pokharel Pratik , Blekkenhorst Lauren C , Bondonno Catherine P , Murray Kevin , Radavelli-Bagatini Simone , Magliano Dianna J , Daly Robin M , Shaw Jonathan E , Lewis Joshua R , Hodgson Jonathan M , Bondonno Nicola P
Published: May 2024

Context

The associations of vegetable and potato intakes with type 2 diabetes (T2D) appear to be nuanced, depending on vegetable types and preparation method, respectively.

Objective

We investigated the associations of total vegetable, vegetable subgroup, and potato intakes with (1) markers of T2D at baseline and (2) incident T2D cumulative over a 12-year follow-up period in Australian adults.

Methods

Using data from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study, intakes of vegetables and potatoes were assessed via a food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Associations between vegetable intake and (1) fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postload plasma glucose (PLG), updated homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA2-%β), HOMA2 of insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-%S), and fasting insulin levels at baseline; and (2) cumulative incident T2D at the end of 12-year follow-up were examined using generalized linear and Cox proportional hazards models, respectively.

Results

In total, 8009 participants were included having median age of 52 years, and vegetable intake of 132 g/day. Higher intake of total vegetable, green leafy, yellow/orange/red, and moderate intakes of cruciferous vegetables was associated with lower PLG. Additionally, higher green leafy vegetable intake was associated with lower HOMA2-%β and serum insulin. Conversely, higher potato fries/chips intakes were associated with higher FPG, HOMA2-%β, serum insulin, and lower HOMA2-%S. Participants with moderate cruciferous vegetables intake had a 25% lower risk of T2D at the end of 12 years of follow-up.

Conclusion

A higher intake of vegetables, particularly green leafy vegetables, may improve while consuming potato fries/chips, but not potatoes prepared in a healthy way, may worsen glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Our findings suggest a nuanced relationship between vegetable subgroups and their impact on glucose tolerance.
Angpt1 binding to Tie1 regulates the signaling required for lymphatic vessel development in zebrafish
Authors: Morooka Nanami , Gui Ning , Ando Koji , Sako Keisuke , Fukumoto Moe , Hasegawa Urara , Hußmann Melina , Schulte-Merker Stefan , Mochizuki Naoki , Nakajima Hiroyuki
Published: May 2024

Development of the vascular system is regulated by multiple signaling pathways mediated by receptor tyrosine kinases. Among them, angiopoietin (Ang)/Tie signaling regulates lymphatic and blood vessel development in mammals. Of the two Tie receptors, Tie2 is well known as a key mediator of Ang/Tie signaling, but, unexpectedly, recent studies have revealed that the Tie2 locus has been lost in many vertebrate species, whereas the Tie1 gene is more commonly present. However, Tie1-driven signaling pathways, including ligands and cellular functions, are not well understood. Here, we performed comprehensive mutant analyses of angiopoietins and Tie receptors in zebrafish and found that only angpt1 and tie1 mutants show defects in trunk lymphatic vessel development. Among zebrafish angiopoietins, only Angpt1 binds to Tie1 as a ligand. We indirectly monitored Ang1/Tie1 signaling and detected Tie1 activation in sprouting endothelial cells, where Tie1 inhibits nuclear import of EGFP-Foxo1a. Angpt1/Tie1 signaling functions in endothelial cell migration and proliferation, and in lymphatic specification during early lymphangiogenesis, at least in part by modulating Vegfc/Vegfr3 signaling. Thus, we show that Angpt1/Tie1 signaling constitutes an essential signaling pathway for lymphatic development in zebrafish.
The biomedicalisation of ageing policies: a comparative analysis of public administration and expertise in Canada, the United States and Sweden
Authors: Marier Patrik , Revelli Marina
Published: May 2024

This article explores how the biomedicalisation of ageing permeates the fields of public administration and public policy. We posit that the biomedicalisation of ageing policies depends strongly on: (1) the institutionalisation of ageing policy, both with regard to ministerial responsibility for programmes targeting older adults and the construction of ageing as a healthcare policy problem within the state apparatus; and (2) the dominant presence of health experts and professionals in the policy-making process in the field of ageing. We present a comparative analysis featuring three countries (Canada, Sweden and the US) with different administrative configurations and policy mixes in relation to older adults. We conclude that the biomedicalisation of ageing expertise is strongest in Canada and the US, and weakest in Sweden. The delegation of long-term care responsibility to municipalities and the strong commitment to develop and include social science expertise explains the Swedish outcome. The article provides illustrations as to why this distinction matters in policy making and in the day-to-day lives of older adults, and why it should be explored in other countries around the globe.
Age reporting by and for older people in Uganda: relationships with frailty, human capital and population registration
Authors: Reid Alice , Kabagenyi Allen , Ojiambo Wandera Stephen , Beinomugisha Joshua , Walters Sarah
Published: May 2024

In this article, we investigate the accuracy of age reporting by people aged 60 and older and proxy reporting by their carers in a peri-urban area of Uganda, and analyse the factors that influence reporting by both groups. We find a high level of age heaping on terminal digits 0 and 5, indicating poor knowledge of age. Contrary to other studies, we find that literate people were more likely to exhibit age heaping. We link this to the absence of birth registration for this cohort and the introduction of National Identification (ID) cards in Uganda five years before our survey. We conclude that age heaping is better interpreted as an indicator of registration machinery than of human capital. We also find that the health, functional capabilities and education of older people influenced the age ascribed to them by their carers. Carers who knew the older people less well were more likely to overestimate their age, and carers of healthy and more educated people were more likely to report a younger age than that reported by the older people themselves. Where people don’t know their age, the age they report may also be influenced by their health and capabilities, making it difficult to establish true relationships between chronological age and outcomes such as health. In many disciplines, self-reported age or age reported by proxy respondents is accepted uncritically by researchers, but our study shows that in peri-urban Uganda age reporting remains approximate and biased, and this has strong implications for appropriate targeting and monitoring of interventions to support healthy ageing in such contexts.
Pornographic Celebrity and the Characters of Harris's List
Authors: Dale Amelia , Parsons Nicola
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The nature of celebrity—its preoccupation with denigrating, knowing, and not knowing its object—and mass media's role in its creation and dissemination means that for as long as modern celebrity has existed, it has been in proximity with a voyeuristic uncovering of private parts and hidden correspondences. Arguing for a longstanding relationship between celebrity and the pornographic, we read the long-running serial Harris's List of Covent-Garden Ladies (1760–94), a catalogue of women working in the London sex trade, as a key example of what pornographic celebrity does with character. Harris's List's treatment of Kitty Fisher, Margaret Woffington, and Harris himself points to how character and celebrity are underpinned by circulation, replication, and commutability. Economies of citation and reiteration structure the constitution of celebrity and eighteenth-century character.
Efficient high-resolution fluorescence projection imaging over an extended depth of field through optical hardware and deep learning optimizations
Authors: Luo Xin , Lu Zhi , Jin Manchang , Chen Shuai , Yang Jingyu
Published: May 2024

Optical microscopy has witnessed notable advancements but has also become more costly and complex. Conventional wide field microscopy (WFM) has low resolution and shallow depth-of-field (DOF), which limits its applications in practical biological experiments. Recently, confocal and light sheet microscopy become major workhorses for biology that incorporate high-precision scanning to perform imaging within an extended DOF but at the sacrifice of expense, complexity, and imaging speed. Here, we propose deep focus microscopy, an efficient framework optimized both in hardware and algorithm to address the tradeoff between resolution and DOF. Our deep focus microscopy achieves large-DOF and high-resolution projection imaging by integrating a deep focus network (DFnet) into light field microscopy (LFM) setups. Based on our constructed dataset, deep focus microscopy features a significantly enhanced spatial resolution of ∼260 nm, an extended DOF of over 30 µm, and broad generalization across diverse sample structures. It also reduces the computational costs by four orders of magnitude compared to conventional LFM technologies. We demonstrate the excellent performance of deep focus microscopy in vivo, including long-term observations of cell division and migrasome formation in zebrafish embryos and mouse livers at high resolution without background contamination.
Prospects for extreme light sources at the CERN accelerator complex
Authors: Granados Eduardo , Marsh Bruce A. , Fedosseev Valentin N. , Krasny Mieczyslaw Witold , Latina Andrea , Muşat Vlad , Corsini Roberto , Martens Aurélien , Zomer Fabian , Cassou Kevin , Chiche Ronic , Dupraz Kevin , Nutarelli Daniele , Cormier Eric , Santarelli Giorgio , Dutheil Yann
Published: May 2024

The unique parameter space of CERN’s ultra-relativistic particle beams offers tremendous opportunities for extreme light production at photon energies ranging from the Soft X-rays to γ-rays when paired to state-of-the-art high-power lasers.
Frequency resolved cross correlation between XUV high harmonics and IR fundamental laser pulses by transient multiphoton absorption spectroscopy in gases
Authors: Dubois Juliette , Rico Leonardo , Gautier Julien , Tissandier Fabien , Vodungbo Boris , Lévêque Camille , Caillat Jérémie , Taïeb Richard , Lambert Guillaume
Published: May 2024

A new technique gives access to temporal and spectral characteristics of femtosecond duration XUV pulses. It is based on a frequency resolved cross-correlation be-tween XUV and IR lasers, through a transient absorption in gases.
Femtosecond imaging at spatio-temporal limits
Authors: Zayko Sergey , Chang Hung-Tzu , Kfir Ofer , Sivis Murat , Ropers Claus
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate imaging capabilities at ultimate scales, reaching down to 12.5 nm spatial and 35 fs temporal resolution with element-specific and spin-sensitive contrasts. Our ultra-bright HHG microscope sets new performance benchmarks for photon-based imaging techniques.
Narrow-linewidth high-stability nanosecond laser source for dual-wavelength long-duration VISAR plasma analysis
Authors: Humblot Raphaël , Meignien Loïc , Druon Frédéric , Audebert Patrick
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate a laser source generating mJ-level temporally-flat-top pulses of arbitrary duration between 1 ns and 100 ns simultaneously at 1064 nm and 532 nm operating at 10 Hz with 0.3 % RMS energy stability.
Spectrally Selective Excitation of Electric Dipole and Magnetic Dipole Transitions in Eu3+Y2O3 Nanostructures
Authors: Gangrskaia Elizaveta , Bellissimo Alessandra , Shumakova Valentina , Alex Sarah Pulikottil , Bugár Ignác , Grünewald Lorenz , Mai Sebastian , Schachinger Thomas , Pysz Dariusz , Buczyński Ryszard , Baltuška Andrius , Pugžlys Audrius
Published: May 2024

Implementing Stimulated Raman Scattering in a hollow-core fiber and spectral focusing in a long nonlinear crystal, we generate narrowband tunable ultrafast pulses for selective excitation of electric or magnetic dipole transitions in a FIB-fabricated Eu3+Y2O3 nanostructure.
Concept for TW-class Infrared Sub-Cycle Pulse Generation in Gas-filled Capillaries
Authors: Gebhardt Martin , Kotsina Nikoleta , Grigorova Teodora , Nordmann Joleik , Heynck Michael , Brahms Christian , Travers John C.
Published: May 2024

We present a design for the generation of TW-class infrared sub-cycle pulses. The concept is based on compressing state-of-the-art, multi-mJ pulses from parametric amplification in a set of hollow capillaries with individually controlled pressure points.
Direct Resonant Diode Pumping of Tm-fiber Laser
Authors: Šulc Jan , Němec Michal , Kratochvíl Jan , Jelínková Helena
Published: May 2024

CW laser diode emitting at 1.7 μm was used to pump thulium-doped fiber laser with free-space coupling and mirror. For absorbed power 11.5 W output power 5.2 W was reached at wavelength 1950 nm with slope efficiency 70 %.
Study of high-power effects in cavity-enhanced terahertz generation
Authors: Suerra Edoardo , Canella Francesco , Giannotti Dario , Cialdi Simone , Galzerano Gianluca
Published: May 2024

In this work, we study the generation of THz radiation using a GaP crystal inside an enhancement cavity, simulating the effect of high power on the cavity modes, and calculating the expected THz performances.
User experiments at the MAC end-station at ELI Beamlines facility
Authors: Klimešová E. , Roos A. H. , Hoque Z. , Smijesh N. , Ben Ltaief L. , Jurkovičová L. , Albrecht M. , Hort O. , Nejdl J. , Mudrich M. , Andreasson J. , Krikunova M.
Published: May 2024

The MAC end-station at ELI Beamlines facility is intended for studies of femtosecond dynamics in low-density matter and coherent diffractive imaging. We present recent results on ultrafast dynamics in atoms and helium nanodroplets.
Optimizing 2.3 μm emission with cascade laser of 3H4 → 3H5 and 3F4 → 3H6 sequent transitions in Tm:YLF
Authors: Dupont Hippolyte , Guillemot Lauren , Loiko Pavel , Braud Alain , Camy Patrice , Georges Patrick , Druon Frédéric
Published: May 2024

We study cascade laser configuration in Tm:YLF . We demonstrate that this effect can either double the laser power at 2.3 W or extinguish it depending on the Tm-doping.
5.5 W Diode-Pumped Tm:YVO4 Laser at 2.29 μm
Authors: Yu Xiaoxu , Eremeev Kirill , Pan Zhongben , Loiko Pavel , Chu Hongwei , Pan Han , Braud Alain , Camy Patrice , Li Dechun
Published: May 2024

A diode-pumped continuous-wave Tm:YVÜ4 laser operating on the 3H4^·3Hs transition generated 5.52 W at 2.29 μm with a slope efficiency up to 25.9% and linear polarization (π). The spectroscopic properties of this material are revised.
From Astronomy to Laser-Labs: Real-Time Wavefront Stabilization at Apollon
Authors: Ohland Jonas B. , Lebas Nathalie , Deo Vincent , Guyon Olivier , Mathieu François , Papadopoulos Dimitris
Published: May 2024

The Apollon Real Time Adaptive Optics (ARTAO) project aims to mitigate air turbulence-induced Strehl ratio fluctuations in Apollon, a 10 PW Ti:Sapphire laser system. This presentation discusses ARTAO’s current state and initial results.
Diagnosing the temporal contrast degradation in amplifier stages of a petawatt laser
Authors: Pajer Viktor , Kalashnikov Mikhail , Lehotai Levente , Bohus János , Börzsönyi Ádám , Nagymihály Roland S.
Published: May 2024

Artificially generated post-pulses at different positions in a petawatt laser were utilized to measure the nonlinear phase accumulation of individual amplifier stages by using a third order autocorrelator, providing a novel tool diagnosing contrast degradation.
Emerging Ultra-Fast Multi-Terawatt Long-Wave Infrared Lasers
Authors: Pogorelsky I. , Polyanskiy M. , Li W. , Babzien M. , Palmer M. A.
Published: May 2024

We report on generating 9.2 μm sub-picosecond laser pulses of several joule energy and review the status of long-wave infrared laser technology that enables research spanning from particle acceleration to remote detection of ionizing sources.
Compact, folded multi-pass cells for post-compression of high-energy pulses
Authors: Schönberg Arthur , Rajhans Supriya , Khodakovskiy Nikita , Escoto Esmerando , Hariton Victor , Hartl Ingmar , Heyl Christoph M.
Published: May 2024

We experimentally demonstrate the efficient post-compression of 8 mJ pulses from 1 picosecond to 51 femtoseconds using a novel, energy-scalable, folded MPC, providing a path towards compact, high-energy pulse post-compression.
Spatially Chirped Pulses for Multipass Spectral Broadening
Authors: Imani Aref , Carpeggiani Paolo A. , Kaksis Edgar , Popmintchev Dimitar , Popmintchev Tenio , Pugzlys Audrius , Baltuska Andrius
Published: May 2024

Gas-filled Multi-Pass Cells are commonly used for pulse spectral broadening via SPM, but pulse energy scaling requires larger setups. We propose and verify experimentally the use of spatially chirped pulses to reduce the setup footprint.
High-Efficiency BiBO-Based OPCPA with ~2.2 mJ Output Pulses at ~2.2 μm Compressed to 25 fs
Authors: Petrulėnas Augustinas , Černeckytė Augustė , Mackonis Paulius , Rodin Aleksej M.
Published: May 2024

3-stage BiBO-based OPCPA pumped by ~1.2 ps, ~10 mJ pulses at 1030 nm from Yb:YAG laser provides ~2.2 mJ, 25 fs output pulses at ~2150 nm after compression with a pump-to-signal conversion efficiency of ~27%.
Significant increase of performances of a kHz laser-plasma accelerator using a H2 plasma
Authors: Monzac J. , Smartsev S. , Huijts J. , Rovige L. , Andriyash I.A. , Vernier A. , Kaur J. , Cavagna A. , Cheng Z. , Lopez-Martens R. , Faure J.
Published: May 2024

By using a Hydrogen plasma, we significantly i ncreased t he performances of our kHz laser-plasma accelerator. We achieved excellent level of stability both on the spectrum and the spatial profile of the electron beam.
High Energy Short Pulse Operation of Tm:YLF Amplifiers
Authors: Kiani Leily , Tamer Issa , Hubka Zbynek , Owens Jason , Church Andrew , Batysta Frantisek , Galvin Thomas , Willard Drew , Yandow Andrew , Galbraith Justin , Alessi David , Harthcock Colin , Hickman Brad , Jackson Candis , Nissen James , Tardiff Sean , Nguyen Hoang , Sistrunk Emily , Spinka Thomas M. , Reagan Brendan A.
Published: May 2024

We report high energy pulses from compact, diode-pumped Tm:YLF amplifiers. We demonstrated pulse energies of 21.7J for 20ns pulses and 108J for long pulses. CPA produced broadband 1.6J pulses that were subsequently compressed to 270fs.
TW-level three-stage pulse compression for all-attosecond pump-probe spectroscopy
Authors: Sobolev Eli , Volkov Mikhail , Thomas John , Svirplys Evaldas , Witting Tobias , Vrakking Marc J.J. , Schütte Bernd
Published: May 2024

A three-stage post-compression scheme enabling the generation of sub-4-fs terawatt pulses is demonstrated. The high stability of the generated pulses makes them ideally suited for performing attosecond-pump attosecond-probe spectroscopy, as demonstrated in this work.
2.8 W, 90 nJ, 114 fs Yb: YAG thin-disk pumped degenerate optical parametric oscillator at 2.06 μm
Authors: Li Anni , Bahri Mehran , Gray Robert M. , Choi Seowon , Hoseinkhaniasl Sajjad , Srivastava Anchit , Marandi Alireza , Fattahi Hanieh
Published: May 2024

We present unprecedented 2.8 W, 90 nJ, 114 fs, 30.9 MHz pulses at 2.06 μm from a degenerate optical parametric oscillator pumped by a high-power Yb:YAG thin-disk oscillator.
AlarmGPT: an intelligent alarm analyzer for optical networks using a generative pre-trained transformer
Authors: Wang Yidi , Zhang Chunyu , Li Jin , Pang Yue , Zhang Lifang , Zhang Min , Wang Danshi
Published: May 2024

The proliferating development of optical networks has broadened the network scope and caused a corresponding rise in equipment deployment. This growth potentially results in a significant number of alarms in the case of equipment malfunctions or broken fiber. Managing these alarms efficiently and accurately has always been a critical concern within the research and industry community. The alarm processing workflow typically includes filtration, analysis, and diagnostic stages. In current optical networks, these procedures are often performed by experienced engineers, utilizing their expert knowledge and extensive experience. This method requires considerable human resources and time, as well as demanding proficiency prerequisites. To address this issue, we propose an intelligent alarm analysis assistant, “AlarmGPT,” for optical networks, utilizing a generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) and LangChain. The proposed AlarmGPT exhibits a high level of semantic comprehension and contextual awareness of alarm data, significantly enhancing the model’s ability of interpreting, classifying, and solving alarm events. Through verification of extensive alarm data collected from real optical transport networks (OTNs), the usability of AlarmGPT has been validated in the tasks of alarm knowledge Q&A, alarm compression, alarm priority analysis, and alarm diagnosis. This method has the potential to significantly reduce the labor and time required for alarm processing, while also lowering the experiential requisites incumbent upon network operators.
High-brightness 7-octave spanning CEP-stable ultrafast source
Authors: Elu Ugaitz , Maidment Luke , Vamos Lenard , Poborska Julita , Tyulnev Igor , Tani Francesco , Novoa David , Frosz Michael H. , Badikov Valeriy , Badikov Dmitrii , Petrov Valentin , Russell Philip St. J. , Biegert Jens
Published: May 2024

We present an ultra-broadband carrier-envelope-phase stable ultrafast source spanning from 340 nm to 40,000 nm with up to 5 orders of magnitude higher brightness than the brightest synchrotron. This source is ideal for multidimensional spectroscopy.
Multi-Watt-Level Dual-Wavelength Pumped Heavily Erbium-Doped All-Fiber Laser at 3.8 μm
Authors: Lemieux-Tanguay Maxime , Boilard Tommy , Paradis Pascal , Vallée Réal , Bernier Martin
Published: May 2024

A dual-wavelength pumped Er3+:ZrF4 all-fiber laser generating a maximum output power of 2 W at 3.79 μm is reported with a novel pumps absorption dependency for heavily erbium-doped fiber laser.
Mid infrared optical parametric oscillation and comb generation in whispering gallery resonators
Authors: Breunig Ingo
Published: May 2024

Optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) emit narrow-linewidth light that is widely tunable in wavelength. In particular in the mid infrared, they are of prime interest because a single device can cover the entire wavelength range between 3 and 5 μm. Their realizations based on whispering gallery resonators (WGRs) provide a small footprint and ultra-low pump thresholds. We demonstrate millimeter-sized WGR based OPOs pumped with compact diode lasers operating at 1.55 μm wavelength. The parametric oscillation is tunable between 2.3 and 5.1 μm wavelength with milliwatt output powers. Tuning is achieved by changing the temperature of the resonator or by varying the pump wavelength. Operating the OPO at the point of degeneracy enables to generate THz-wide frequency combs centered around 3.1 μm wavelength. Our results show that whispering gallery resonators made of non-oxide materials can be the key component for realizing miniaturized wavelength-flexible sources for coherent mid infrared light.
Well-type thick-shell quantum dots combined with double hole transport layers device structure assisted realization of high-performance quantum dot light-emitting diodes
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Wang Linfeng , Jiang Ruiyao , Wu Ziming , Han Yuyang , Xu Bing , Jin Xiao , Li Qinghua , Bai Jinke
Published: May 2024

Quantum dot (QD) light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) are promising for next-generation lighting and displays. Considering the optimization design of both the QD and device structure is expected to improve the QLED's performance significantly but has rarely been reported. Here, we use the thick-shell QDs combined with a dual-hole transport layer device structure to construct a high-efficiency QLED. The optimized thick-shell QDs with CdS/CdSe/CdS/ZnS seed/spherical quantum well/shell/shell geometry exhibit a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 96% at a shell thickness of 5.9 nm. The intermediate emissive CdSe layer with coherent strain ensures defect-free growth of the thick CdS and ZnS outer shells. Based on the orthogonal solvents assisted Poly-TPD&PVK dual-hole transport layer device architecture, the champion QLED achieved a maximum external quantum efficiency of 22.5% and a maximum luminance of 259955 cd m-2, which are 1.6 and 3.7 times that of thin-shell QDs based devices with single hole transport layer, respectively. Our study provides a feasible idea for further improving the performance of QLED devices.
Demonstration of a stable, high-performance Mach-Zehnder Polarization-Insensitive Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifier
Authors: Bessin F. , Gordienko V. , Ferreira F. M. , Doran N. J.
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate a Mach-Zehnder architecture for polarization-insensitive fiber optical parametric amplifiers to obtain a noise figure of ∼4.5dB and reduction of nonlinear crosstalk as compared to previously demonstrated PI-FOPAs while demonstrating net gain up to 24dB.
High efficiency high-power uncooled CWDM4 wavelength CW-DFB lasers
Authors: Gokhale Milind R. , Emanuel Mark A. , Li Benjamin
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate high 75ºC power conversion efficiencies of 19% to 26% at 100 mW (1mm cavity) and 16% to 22% at 200 mW (2mm cavity) for CW-DFB lasers with single-mode operation across CWDM4 wavelengths.
Reducing the linewidth of hybrid integrated III-V/silicon laser by utilizing high-Q multimode-waveguide-based silicon ring resonator
Authors: Li Xinhang , Guo Yuyao , E Siyu , Fan Yihao , Jin Minhui , Xu Weihan , Lu Liangjun , Li Yu , Chen Jianping , Zhou Linjie
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate a hybrid integrated self-injection locking laser (SIL) with an intrinsic linewidth of 1.25 kHz and an external cavity laser (ECL) of 5.3 kHz by leveraging a high-Q multimode-waveguide-based silicon microring resonator (MRR).
Optimization of Pilot-Aided Joint Phase Recovery for Frequency Comb-Based Wideband Transmission
Authors: Di Rosa Gabriele , Jovanovic Ognjen , Leghari M. Ahmed , Müller Jasper , Wohlfeil Benjamin , Elbers Jörg-Peter
Published: May 2024

We numerically investigate joint pilot-aided phase recovery for frequency comb-based long-haul wideband transmission. We report net information rate gains by optimizing the pilot overhead and phase estimation algorithm, outperforming per-channel processing at lower complexity.
Performance Enhancement of Long-Haul C+L+S Systems by means of CFM-Assisted Optimization
Authors: Jiang Yanchao , Nespola Antonino , Tanzi Alberto , Piciaccia Stefano , Zefreh Mahdi Ranjbar , Forghieri Fabrizio , Poggiolini Pierluigi
Published: May 2024

We investigate C+L+S long-haul systems using a closed-form-model for launch power and Raman pump optimization. We show a potential 4x throughput increase over standard C-band systems in 1000km links, using moderate S-only Raman amplification.
Network-wide QoT Estimation Using SGD with Gradient Transfer Between Wavelengths
Authors: Mayer Kayol S. , Soares Jonathan A. , Dal Maso Marcos P. A. , Rothenberg Christian E. , Arantes Dalton S. , Mello Darli A. A.
Published: May 2024

We propose an SGD-based QoT estimation technique that operates on a network-wide scale by transferring gradients among neighboring wavelengths. Simulation results indicate effective and low-complexity QoT estimation using only transponder SNR telemetry.
Differential Modal Delay Controlling of 4-LP Mode Optical Fiber by High-Density Cable with Low Cabling Loss
Authors: Kikuchi Masashi , Mori Takayoshi , Yamada Yusuke
Published: May 2024

We first clarified the design of low-loss-increment cable with 4-LP-mode fiber. We numerically and experimentally confirmed the feasibility of differential modal delay control and a 25 ps/km controllability potential with low cabling loss.
912-Gbits/s/channel PDM-PS-256QAM NANF Transmission Using IQ-Crosstalk Robust MIMO Equalizer Integrated with Decision-Directed CPE
Authors: Wang Chen , Long Jianyu , Wang Kaihui , Zhou Wen , Shen Lei , Li Peng , Yu Jianjun
Published: May 2024

We realized 912-Gbits/s/channel coherent PDM-PS-256QAM transmission over 2-km NANF utilizing a novel multiple-input multiple-output real-valued equalizer embedded with the decision-directed carrier phase estimation algorithm.
Cryogenic Oxide-VCSEL at 2.8 K Demonstrates Record Bandwidth f-3dB > 50 GHz, Pout > 14 mW and PAM-4 Data Rate up to 128 Gb/s
Authors: Wu Haonan , Fu Wenning , Liu Zetai , He Yulin , Feng Milton
Published: May 2024

We report record speed-power and ultrahigh linearity performance for a 6.8 um oxide-aperture VCSEL operated at 2.8 K. The device demonstrates data rate up to 128 Gb/s PAM-4 and 64 Gb/s NRZ.
Advancements in Fanout Technology for SDM Applications
Authors: Kopp V.I. , Park J. , Zhang J. , Singer J. , Neugroschl D.
Published: May 2024

Real-world SDM deployment requires the development of a supporting ecosystem. Recent technological advancements allow for volume production of key components of this ecosystem, MCF fanouts, which meet demanding performance requirements.
Fiber Bundle Fan-in/Fan-out (FIFO) for Coupled MCF with High- 4-Core Fiber Pitch Converter
Authors: Takahashi Masanori , Sasaki Tsubasa , Sugizaki Ryuichi
Published: May 2024

Low-loss fiber bundle FIFO with stretched high-∆ 4-core fiber pitch converter is developed. Core pitch and insertion loss of the FIFO are reduced to 18.4 µm and 0.84 dB including splice loss to CC-MCF.
Dual-Sideband Receiver Enabling 160 Gbps Direct subThz-to-optical Conversion over 1400 m
Authors: Blatter Tobias , Kulmer Laurenz , Vukovic Boris , Horst Yannik , Destraz Marcel , Smajic Jasmin , Leuthold Juerg
Published: May 2024

A dual-sideband reception scheme for RF links providing up to 3 dB sensitivity improvement is introduced and tested to bridge 1400 m wireless distance between 160 Gbps fiber networks at an RF of 226 GHz.
Demonstration of 200 Gbps D-band Wireless Delivery in a 4.6 km 2×2 MIMO system
Authors: Wei Yi , Yu Jianjun , Wang Mingxu , Zhao Xianmin , Yang Xiongwei , Li Weiping , Tian Peng , Han Yang , Zhang Qiutong , Tan Jingwen , Zhang Bing , Zhao Feng , Zhou Wen , Wang Kaihui
Published: May 2024

A 4.6-km 2×2 MIMO wireless system at D-band is experimentally demonstrated with a total data rate of 200 Gbps and a record-breaking capacity-distance product of 920 Gbps·km at D-band.
Expanded Gain-Switched Comb Source for 180 – 260 GHz Sub-THz Analog Radio-over-Fiber 6G Wireless System
Authors: Delmade Amol , Vargas Cristian , Kearney Alison , Nellen Simon , Kohlhaas Robert B. , Schell Martin , Coffey David , Smyth Frank , Barry Liam P.
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate the successful generation and transmission of low-subcarrier spacing (up to 500 kHz) 6G compatible sub-THz OFDM signals in the 180 to 260 GHz frequency band using an expanded gain-switched laser comb source and waveguide-integrated photodiode antenna.
Tbps IM/DD Transmission over 10 km SMF with O-Band Quantum Dot Laser Comb for DCIs
Authors: Venkatasubramani Lakshmi Narayanan , Reza Ahmed Galib , Gautam Anil Raj , Xu Haixuan , Buyalo Mikhail , Gubenko Alexey , Yu Yonglin , Barry Liam
Published: May 2024

We report a record-high Tbps DWDM transmission over 10km using a packaged 1.3 µm InAs/InGaAs quantum dot comb laser. The BER below the HD-FEC level is achieved for 1.4 Tbps PAM4 and 1 Tbps PS-PAM8 transmissions.
Bidirectional 100G-PAM4 transceiver for 60-km O-band transmission
Authors: Bottoni Fabio , Cavaciuti Alessandro , Lutz Dirk
Published: May 2024

We experimentally demonstrate a real-time 100G PAM4 bidirectional optical transceiver suitable for 60km links (ER+). The transceiver design is based on a O-Band EML, commercial DSP and do not use any kind of optical amplifiers.
8.5 Tbps Net SiP O-band Coherent Transmission over 10 km Using a Quantum-Dot Mode-Locked Comb Laser
Authors: Bernal Santiago , Dumont Mario , Berikaa Essam , St-Arnault Charles , Hu Yixiang , Castrejon Ramon Gutierrez , Wei Zixian , D'Errico Antonio , Bigongiari Alessandra , Giorgi Luca , Stracca Stefano , Brunner Robert , Lessard Stephane , Cavaliere Fabio , Bowers John , Plant David V.
Published: May 2024

We report the first O-band coherent transmission using a comb laser and a silicon photonics modulator. We achieved greater than 8.5 Tbps using 19 lines over 10km at 56 Gbaud DP-32QAM.
Technologies Enabling Ultrafast Short-Reach Transmission
Authors: Hu Qian
Published: May 2024

This paper reviews technologies for ultrahigh symbol rate transmission in short-reach optical links, including high-speed signal generation and sampling, broadband optical signal modulation, as well as advanced digital signal processing.
Performance comparison of QD-SOA, QW-SOA, Bulk-SOA and PDFA for multi-Tbps O-band WDM links
Authors: St-Arnault Charles , Bernal Santiago , Gutiérrez-Castrejón Ramón , Berikaa Essam , Wei Zixian , Rautert Janina , Poltavtsev Sergey V. , Gubenko Alexey E. , Belykh Vasilii V. , Mikhrin Vladimir S. , Kovsh Alexey R. , Plant David V.
Published: May 2024

We experimentally compare QD-SOA to QW-SOA, bulk-SOA, and PDFA for coherent and IM/DD in the O-band at 10 km. A 1.152 Tbps/λ WDM coherent transmission is achieved with the QD-SOA.
Mitigation of Dispersion-Induced Power Fading in Broadband Intermediate-Frequency-over-Fiber Transmission using Space-Time Block Coding
Authors: Park Jinwoo , Lee Joungmoon , Ha Inho , Han Sang-Kook
Published: May 2024

STBC with optical I-Q modulator for dispersion-induced power fading mitigation is proposed and experimentally demonstrated in broadband IFoF system. 9.5GHz bandwidth IFoF signal transmission with 8.5% EVM in fading-affected band of 50km transmission was demonstrated.
Recent Advances in Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution
Authors: Ma Xiongfeng
Published: May 2024

• Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution enhances the implementation security. In this tutorial talk, I shall review its security proof and various optical implementations, highlighting the twin-field and mode-pairing schemes that offer quadratic key-rate improvement.
Closed-form coherent Gaussian noise model applicable to arbitrary flexible grid and heterogeneous links
Authors: Zhang Fangyuan , MacKay Alex W.
Published: May 2024

A closed-form expression of the coherent contribution of Gaussian noise nonlinear interference is presented. This model shows good agreement with a complete Gaussian noise model and a split-step model and applies in arbitrary link configurations.
Recalibration Learning: Enabling Universal Transfer of ML Model of Gain and NF for Remote Optically Pumped Amplifiers
Authors: Minakhmetov Arthur , Prieur Benjamin , Le Monnier Maël , Rouvillain Delphine , Lavigne Bruno
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate a novel, physical assumptions-based method – recalibration learning, that transfers Gain and Noise Figure ML models across remote optically pumped amplifiers. Spectral measurements over just two configurations on a target device ensure reliable transfer.
Optical Network Design with High Symbol Rate Flexible Coherent Transceivers
Authors: Richter Thomas , Searcy Steven , Jennevé Philippe , Arlunno Valeria , Tibuleac Sorin
Published: May 2024

We highlight commercial flexible coherent transceivers, including their features and capabilities for optical networks, and present the versatility of a 140-GBd transceiver in typical optical link configurations from short reach to subsea.
256 GBd Barium-Titanate-on-SiN Mach-Zehnder Modulator
Authors: Kohli Manuel , Chelladurai Daniel , Kulmer Laurenz , Keller Killian , Horst Yannik , Blatter Tobias , Winiger Joel , Moor David , Buriakova Tatiana , Zervas Michael , Convertino Clarissa , Eltes Felix , Fedoryshyn Yuriy , Koch Ueli , Leuthold Juerg
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate a 110-GHz BTO Mach-Zehnder modulator integrated on foundry- produced silicon nitride for 340 Gbit/s data links. This approach, featuring nano-scale plasmonics and highly nonlinear BTO, proves to be a viable platform for next-generation Tbit/s links.
Experimental Demonstration of Optical Encryption Using Quantum Keys: Two Scenarios
Authors: Ahmadian Morteza , Vicente Rafael J. , Brito Juan P. , López-García Álvaro , Pastor Antonio , Rivas Jose M. , Comellas Jaume , Ruiz Marc , Martin Vicente , Velasco Luis
Published: May 2024

Optical encryption using Quantum keys retrieved from real QKD and QRNG systems will be demonstrated. Retrieved keys are expanded to the required bitrate and then used to encrypt the input bit stream at line speed.
Demonstration of Robust Mobile Free Space Optical System using High-speed Beam Tracking and 2D-PDA-based Spatial-Diversity Reception
Authors: Weng Zu-Kai , Yoshida Yuki , Umezawa Toshimasa , Bekkali Abdelmoula , Hattori Michikazu , Matsumoto Atsushi , Kanno Atsushi , Yamamoto Naokatsu , Kawanishi Tetsuya , Akahane Kouichi
Published: May 2024

We show the first-ever live demonstration of a robust mobile free space optical system using three-stage high-speed beam tracking technology including 2-dimensional photodetector array based spatial diversity combining, which enables the mobility support in 6G.
Real-Time Demonstration of Anomalous Vibrations Detection in a Metro-like Environment using a SOP-based Algorithm
Authors: Pellegrini Saverio , Minelli Leonardo , Andrenacci Lorenzo , Pilori Dario , Bosco Gabriella , Koch Benjamin , Noé Reinhold , Crognale Claudio , Piciaccia Stefano , Gaudino Roberto
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate the real-time applicability of SOP-based anomalous vibrations detection. The proposed demo will engage the audience by showing the time evolution of two proposed metrics, with user-set parameters and different fiber-induced mechanical vibrations.
Quantum Key Management System with Dynamic Routing for Meshed QKD Networks
Authors: Wenning Mario , Berl Jonas , Fehenberger Tobias , Mullan Ciarán , Grießer Helmut , Rydlichowski Piotr , Schmalen Laurent , Mas-Machuca Carmen
Published: May 2024

For an emulated QKD network, a decentralized key management system is automatically deployed as VNF. We show that dynamic key re-routing overcomes failures in the key distribution layer of meshed QKD-secured OTNs under realistic conditions.
Deployment of Secure Machine Learning Pipelines for Near-Real-Time Control of 6G Network Services
Authors: González Pol , Zahir Adam , Grasselli Chiara , Muñiz Alejandro , Groshev Milan , Barzegar Sima , Callegati Franco , Careglio Davide , Ruiz Marc , Velasco Luis
Published: May 2024

A ML function orchestrator deploying secure ML pipelines to support near-real-time control of network services is demonstrated. A distributed ledger supports the initial key exchange to establish secure connectivity among the agents in the pipeline.
Waveguide Raman Sensing for Chemical Detection in Industrial Processes
Authors: Sanchez Dorian , Lieutaud Christopher , Bonnassies Priscille , Ibrahimi Yasmine , Ompala Chardel , Imatoukene Nabila , Michon Jérôme
Published: May 2024

Waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (WERS) is a promising method for detecting chemical and biological compounds with high sensitivity and selectivity on a chip-scale platform, but has so far been limited to demonstrations in research laboratories. We present the implementation of a fibre-coupled WERS sensing system in an industrial bioproduction process.
Integrated Neuromorphic Information Processing with Electrically-injected Microring Spiking Neuron
Authors: Xiang Jinlong , Zhao Yaotian , Guo Xuhan , Su Yikai
Published: May 2024

We experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, a CMOS-compatible electrically injected microring spiking neuron, capable of reproducibly emulating the typical neural dynamics including excitability threshold, temporal integration, refractory period, and spike inhibition.
Non-Intrusive DAS Coexisting in Telecom Networks
Authors: Brenne Jan Kristoffer , Sladen Anthony , Pecci Pascal , Morten Jan Petter , Pelaez Julian , Jacobsen Joacim , Calsat Alain , Plantady Philippe , Ampuero Jean-Paul , Rivet Diane , Février Herve
Published: May 2024

We describe DAS interrogation for non-intrusive coexistence with live C-band WDM channels. The scheme facilitates consistent high sensing sensitivity range >100 km. Surface vessels, seabed fishing gear and earthquakes are localized from the 2Africa network. © 2024 The Author(s)
First Impact Movement Characterization of Shallow Buried Live Subsea-Cable
Authors: Bjørnstad Steinar , Skarvang Kristina Shizuka Yamase , Hjelme Dag Roar , Tunheim Asbjørn , Fjermestad Frode , Østerli Eivind
Published: May 2024

Revealing availability threats and security attacks using State of Polarisation monitoring shows impact characteristics from a cable trencher passing over, moving a subsea cable carrying live traffic while dBQ value dips 0.6 dB.
Detector-On-Demand for Flexible Homodyne Transmission
Authors: Schrenk Bernhard , Karinou Fotini
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate a segmented coherent detector configuration that enables polarization-insensitive or -multiplexed reception in half- or full-duplex operation mode for single-λ or ultradense WDM configurations with up to 91 Gb/s/sub-λ OFDM data rate.
Photon-counting laser ranging with dual-comb asynchronous optical sampling
Authors: Meng Yun , Shi Yanqing , Zou Kai , Song Youjian , Hu Xiaolong
Published: May 2024

We report on laser ranging using dual-comb asynchronous optical sampling and a fractal SNSPD, achieving ranging precision of 7.7 micrometer and 65 nm with acquisition time of 1 ms and 1 s, respectively.