bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Subtractive Proteomics Analysis Revealed Lipid A-4’phosphatase (lpxF) as a Potential Candidate for Epitope-based Vaccine Design Against Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Gollapalli Pavan , Gnanasekaran Tamizh Selvan , Rao Aditya SJ , Hanumanthappa Manjunatha , Srika Koigoora , Shetty Praveenkumar , Kumari Suchetha
Published: May 2021

Amidst the surge in the prevalence of resistant H. pylori infections, WHO in 2017 has given a high priority to clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori for research and to develop new antibacterial agents. In this study, the Helicobacter pylori 26695 strain was investigated with extensive computational biology applications to identify novel therapeutic drug targets or vaccine candidates. During the proteomic functional annotation of an organism, it is crucial to determine the function of proteins. The pathogen-specific pathways were found to include only twelve proteins, paving the way further to determine drug or vaccine targets. Lipoprotein A-4’-phosphatase (LpxF) was found to be a novel vaccine target with the highest antigenicity. Having broad-spectrum conservancy with other H. pylori strains. Further, an immunoinformatic approach was used to predict an effective epitope-based vaccine against H. pylori. LpxF protein has been predicted to have linear and conformational B-cell epitopes and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes. Virtual screening of all the predicted 35 peptides against human TLR2 receptors resulted in identifying the top 5 peptides. Subsequent redocking with exhaustive parameters reported two peptides with docking energy of -6.9 kcal/mol with a good interaction pattern between the peptide-TLR2 complexes. Furthermore, a panel of two potent epitopes has been proposed that could be used to immunize populations against multiple H. pylori infections.
Perceptions, beliefs, and needs of Japanese people with knee osteoarthritis during conservative care: A qualitative study
Authors: Uritani Daisuke , Ikeda Akane , Shironoki Toru , Matsubata Kentaro , Mutsura Yuto , Fujii Tadashi , Ikeda Koji
Published: May 2021

Background Patients’ perceptions and beliefs of disease could be influenced by their lifestyle and culture. Although it is important to understand their perceptions and beliefs toward disease to prevent and manage osteoarthritis (OA) through conservative care, this topic has not been investigated in Japanese people with knee OA. Therefore, this qualitative study aims to clarify how Japanese patients with knee OA experience and perceive their symptoms and disabilities, and how they face them during conservative care.Methods Participants were recruited by purposive sampling. Face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine patients (2 men and 7 women, mean age, 74.3±5.5 years) with knee OA until data saturation was reached. Interview data comprised participants’ accounts of particular personal experiences of living with knee OA, including their perceptions and attitudes toward knee OA-related symptoms and disabilities. Two physiotherapists (one with extensive experience conducting qualitative studies) and four physiotherapy students conducted the interviews. Recorded interview data were transcribed verbatim in Japanese. Data analysis, including developing a coding scheme, was conducted based on a grounded theory approach. Results Six categories were extracted from the data: “self-analysis on the cause of knee OA,” “difficulties in daily life due to knee symptoms,” “psychological barrier,” “how to deal with knee pain and difficulty in moving,” “importance of connecting with others,” and “information considered useful to cope with knee OA.” Japanese patients with knee OA desired evidence-based information and to connect with other people in the same situation to solve problems related to their condition. Conclusions To address patients’ concerns, medical professionals should carry out careful interviews and obtain information regarding patients’ past experiences, and understand their experiences related to knee OA. Symptoms and difficulties experienced by patients with knee OA should be managed by evidence-based information integrating their perceptions and beliefs toward knee OA.
Genomic Molecular Signatures Determined Characterization of Mycolicibacterium gossypii sp. nov., a Fast-Growing Mycobacterial Species Isolated From Cotton Field Soil
Authors: Huang Ruirui , Yang Shenrong , Zhen Cheng , Ge Xianfeng , Chen Xinkai , Wen Zhiqiang , Li Yanan , Liu Wenzheng
Published: May 2021

A Gram-positive, acid-fast and rapidly growing rod, designated S2-37 T , that could form yellowish colonies was isolated from soil samples collected from cotton cropping field located in the Xinjiang region of China. The draft genome of strain S2-37 T was 5.1 Mb in length, with a DNA G+C content of 68.4 mol%. 16S rRNA-directed phylogenetic analysis referred that strain S2-37 T was closely related to bacterial species belonging to the genus Mycolicibacterium and Mycobacterium . Multilocus sequence analysis of three genes (16S rRNA, hsp65 and rpoB ) revealed that strain S2-37 T shared high sequence similarities with Mycolicibacterium litorale CGMCC 4.5724 T (96.5%) and Mycobacterium neglectum CECT 8778 T (95.7%). Digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and the average nucleotide identity (ANI) presented that strainS2-37 T displayed the highest values of 39.1% (35.7-42.6%) and 81.28% with M. litorale CGMCC 4.5724 T , respectively. And characterazition of conserved molecular signatures further confirmed that strain S2-37 T could be well classified into the genus Mycolicibacterium . The main fatty acids were identified as C 16:0 , C 18:0 , C 20:3 ω3 and C 22:6 ω3 . In addition, polar lipids profile was mainly composed of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol. Results indicated that strain S2-37 T represented genetically and phenotypically distinct from its closest phylogenetic neighbour, M. litorale CGMCC 4.5724 T . Here, we propose a novel species of the genus Mycolicibacterium : Mycolicibacterium gossypii sp. nov. with the type strain S2-37 T (=JCM 34327T =CGMCC 1.18817T ).
High Nutrient Concentrations of Hydroponic Solution Can Improve Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Grown in Acidic Nutrient Solution
Authors: Gillespie Daniel P. , Papio Gio , Kubota Chieri
Published: May 2021

Hydroponic leafy green production offers high productivity and quality of crops but requires good management of pH and electrical conductivity (EC) to optimize the nutrient uptake. Nutrient solution pH is typically managed between 5.5 and 6.5, whereas lowering pH to more acidic range (e.g., <5.0) can potentially mitigate problematic waterborne diseases. Plant response to low pH is species specific and generally involves direct effect of increased hydronium ions and indirect effects of pH-dependent factors, such as low cations availability. To develop a new hydroponic nutrient management strategy, ‘Corvair’ spinach plants were grown under pH 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, and 5.5 of a hydroponic nutrient solution using a deep-water culture system in a growth chamber. Spinach shoot and root mass after 19 to 20 days declined with lowering pH. At the lowest pH of 4.0, plants displayed stunted overall growth and severely inhibited root development. Plant growth and morphology at pH 4.5 or 5.0 were normal but small, suggesting that growth reduction at these pH was likely a result of reduced nutrient uptake. Plant tissue analyses showed decreased N, P, K, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn concentration as pH decreased. When the strength of nutrient solution was increased three times at a low pH 4.5 to improve the overall nutrient availability, spinach shoot and root fresh weight with high nutrient concentrations (EC 3.4 dS·m−1) significantly improved but was still lower than those in the control (pH 5.5 and EC 1.4 dS·m−1), respectively. Plant tissue analysis showed that lowering pH to 4.5 significantly reduced tissue concentrations of P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Mn, and Zn compared with those in the control. Under low pH and increased EC treatment (pH 4.5 and EC 3.4 dS·m−1), all dry leaf nutrient concentrations were similar or higher than those of the control, except Mg and Zn, which showed a lower concentration than the control with a weak significance (P < 0.06). This suggests that additional optimization of nutrient formula might further improve the spinach growth at low pH. Together, our results will help to develop a new and low-cost nutrient management methodology to produce leafy greens hydroponically.
Raman spectroscopy-based screening of zircon for reliable water content and oxygen isotope measurements
Authors: Yang Chuan-Mao , Xu Yi-Gang , Xia Xiao-Ping , Gao Yu-Ya , Zhang Wan-Feng , Yang Ya-Nan , Yang Qing , Zhang Le
Published: May 2021

Water content and oxygen isotopes in zircon provide crucial constraints on magma source and process, yet they can be significantly modified by zircon metamictization, which causes secondary water absorption into the zircon crystal and the concomitant oxygen isotope changes. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a screening scheme to select the least-metamict zircons for the analyses. We propose a screening scheme based on our study on the Suzhou A-type granite (South China) through integrating Raman spectroscopy, water and trace element measurements, and oxygen isotope analysis. The results show that the primary water content is retained in zircon when the full-width at half maximum (FWHM) is <8 cm−1 or the Raman shift is >1007 cm−1 of ν3(SiO4) vibration band, while the primary δ18O is preserved at <10 cm−1 FWHM or >1005.5 cm−1 Raman shift. Changes in trace element concentrations in Suzhou zircons are different from previous observations in metamict zircons but most likely related to magma evolution, which implies that trace elements are insensitive to metamictization. Primary δ18O in Suzhou zircons (4.5–6.0‰) fall into the mantle range, indicating a dominant mantle contribution to Suzhou granites. Primary water content was estimated at ca. 650–1400 ppm, significantly higher than those of typical I-type granite (400–736 ppm) and upper mantle-derived zircons (81–177 ppm). The high primary zircon water content was not controlled by the sub-solidus process, temperature, pressure, and cation charge balance but considered to reflect the high-water content in melts. This suggests a hydrous origin for the Suzhou A-type granite, which challenges the conventional view of anhydrous petrogenesis for A-type granites.
The Increase of Rural Economy at Baraka Sub-District through Village Funds
Authors: Karim Abdul , Imran Musa Chalid , Sahabuddin Romansyah , Azis Muhammad
Published: May 2021

The research aims to examine the allocation of Village funds during the COVID-19 global crisis pandemic as well as its benefits to Baraka Sub-district in Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi Province. It has an area of 159,15 (km2) or 8,91% of the accumulated total area of Enrekang Regency. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive analysis approach. The research method is carried out by collecting data and information from the population taken from 12 villages in the Baraka Sub-district. The results show that BUMDes (Village-owned Enterprises) fosters rural economic development for all village communities in Baraka Sub-district and supports national economic growth. In addition, Village funds is considered to have become a support for meeting the economic needs of the community during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is expected that various economic recovery programs will continue, whether they become central, regional, or local village-scale programs, especially in 12 villages in Baraka Sub-district.
The Acceptance Technology Model for Adoption of Social Media Marketing in Jabodetabek
Authors: Pranoto Adeline Hope , Lumbantobing Paul
Published: May 2021

The research aimed to provide information about the influence and impacts of social media marketing (SMM) in promoting micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. The approach of the research was quantitative research with data collection method using the electronic questionnaires of Google forms obtaining 163 respondents who were owners of MSMEs in Jakarta and Tangerang. The measurement model of outer and inner model was analyzed by SmartPLS software. Structural Equation Model was being used to test the relations of each construct. The findings show that SMM positively mediates: 1) the relationship between perceived usefulness and impact on business, 2) the relationship between perceived ease of use and impact on business, 3) the relationship between compatibility and impact on business, and 4) the relationship between cost and impact on business, which conclude that SMM has positive impacts on business. On the other hand, SMM negatively mediates the relationship between facilitating conditions and impact on business. The research implies that the adoption of social media marketing by MSMEs is encouraged by such factors as usefulness, ease of use, compatibility, and cost. Hence it is advisable that MSMEs facilitate the employees with technical infrastructures and training to increase productivity and performance.
Triazolopyrimidine Nuclei: Privileged Scaffolds for Developing Antiviral
Agents with a Proper Pharmacokinetic Profile
Authors: Felicetti Tommaso , Pismataro Maria Chiara , Cecchetti Violetta , Tabarrini Oriana , Massari Serena
Published: May 2021

Viruses are a continuing threat to global health. The lack or limited therapeutic
armamentarium against some viral infections and increasing drug resistance issues make
the search for new antiviral agents urgent. In recent years, a growing literature highlighted
the use of triazolopyrimidine (TZP) heterocycles in the development of antiviral agents,
with numerous compounds that showed potent antiviral activities against different RNA
and DNA viruses. TZP core represents a privileged scaffold for achieving biologically active
molecules, thanks to: i) the synthetic feasibility that allows to variously functionalize
TZPs in the different positions of the nucleus, ii) the ability of TZP core to establish multiple
interactions with the molecular target, and iii) its favorable pharmacokinetic properties.
In the present review, after mentioning selected examples of TZP-based compounds
with varied biological activities, we will focus on those antivirals that appeared in the literature
in the last 10 years. Approaches used for their identification, the hit-to-lead studies,
and the emerged structure-activity relationship will be described. A mention of the
synthetic methodologies to prepare TZP nuclei will also be given. In addition, their mechanism
of action, the binding mode within the biological target, and pharmacokinetic properties
will be analyzed, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of compounds based on
the TZP scaffold, which is increasingly used in medicinal chemistry.
Immunotherapies for Parkinson’s Disease: Progression of Clinical Development
Authors: Teng Jet Shee , Ooi Yin Yin , Chye Soi Moi , Ling Anna Pick Kiong , Koh Rhun Yian
Published: May 2021

Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disease affecting the movement and well-being of most elderly. The manifestations of Parkinson’s disease often include resting tremor, stiffness, bradykinesia, and muscular rigidity. The typical hallmark of Parkinson’s disease is the destruction of neurons in the substantia nigra and the presence of Lewy bodies in different compartments of the central nervous system. Due to various limitations to the currently available treatments, immunotherapies have emerged to be the new approach to Parkinson’s disease treatment. This approach shows some positive outcomes on the efficacy by removing the aggregated species of alpha-synuclein, which is believed to be one of the causes of Parkinson’s disease. In this review, an overview of how alpha-synuclein contributes to Parkinson’s disease and the effects of a few new immunotherapeutic treatments, including BIIB054 (cinpanemab), MEDI1341, AFFITOPE, and PRX002 (prasinezumab) that are currently under clinical development, will be discussed.
High-dose Everolimus May Induce Pro-inflammatory/Fibrotic Transcriptomic Changes in Bronchial Epithelial Cells from Cystic Fibrosis Patients
Authors: Granata Simona , Verlato Alberto , Masola Valentina , Carraro Amedeo , Santoro Gloria , Sallustio Fabio , Zaza Gianluigi
Published: May 2021

Background:

Solid-organ transplantation is an available therapeutic option for Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients without lung transplantation. However, the use of immunosuppressive agents may cause severe adverse events. In particular, patients treated with mTOR-inhibitors (mTOR-I) may aggravate pulmonary complications. It has been recently described that these drugs may induce Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) of the airway cells.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of mTOR-I on primary bronchial epithelial cells carrying F508del.

Materials and Methods:

Human bronchial epithelial cells homozygous for F508del were treated with 5 and 100 nM EVE for 24 hours, and their RNA was extracted and hybridized to the Human HT-12 v3 Expression BeadChip (Illumina). The microarray results were validated by Real-Time PCR. The transepithelial resistance was measured by a Millicell-ERS ohmmeter.

Results:

High dosage EVE induced a significant up-regulation of 48 genes and a down-regulation of 14 genes. After pathway analysis by GSEA, we found that most of them were implicated in the inflammatory and pro-fibrotic pathways. Real-time PCR confirmed that 100 nM EVE was able to upregulate some identified genes (IL-1alpha, IL-8, Pim-1) as well as pro-fibrotic elements (alpha-SMA, connective tissue growth factor, and metalloproteinase-12). In addition, a high dosage of EVE was also able to reduce transepithelial resistance. In contrast, a lower level of EVE did not produce similar effects.

Conclusion:

Although performed in vitro, our study suggested that in solid organ transplant recipients with CF without a lung transplant, mTOR-I should be used at a low dosage to reduce its contribution to pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis.
The Turkish Version of the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED)
Authors: APAYDIN KAYA Çiğdem , TEMİZ Gözde
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability of the Turkish version of the KIDMED, which assesses adherence to the Mediterranean diet among children and adolescents, and investigate the relationship between Turkish KIDMED scores and anthropometric measurements. Methods: This research was conducted in a public secondary school in Istanbul in 2018. In the first stage of the study, KIDMED was translated into Turkish and a test-retest method was used for reliability research. Then, the relationship between the anthropometric measurements of Turkish adolescents and KIDMED scores was evaluated in a descriptive and cross-sectional manner. In order to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the Turkish version of KIDMED, it was applied to 36 students (18 M, 18 K; mean age 11 ± 0.69 y) at the beginning and two weeks after and determined the "intraclass correlation coefficient" and "internal consistency". After determining the reliability, the index was applied to 504 students (49.2% M, 50.8% F; 11.66 ± 0.84 years of age) and the relationship between the KIDMED scores and the anthropometric measurements (BMI and waist circumference) was evaluated. Results: No statistical difference was found between the test-retest scores of KIDMED applied two weeks apart (5.6±2.1; 5.8±2.3 p=0.6) and the intraclass correlation coefficient was found to be 0.750 (p<0.001). Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was found to be 0.857. A weak but negative correlation was found between the KIDMED scores and BMI and waist circumference values (r=-0.117; p=0.008; r=-0.112; p=0.012, respectively). Conclusion: This is the first study investigating the test-retest reliability of the Turkish KIDMED. Turkish KIDMED can be used in Turkish adolescents to assess the Mediterranean style of eating.
Analysis of the Carrying Capacity and the Total Maximum Daily Loads of the Karang Mumus Sub-watershed in Samarinda City Using the WASP Method
Authors: Diansyukma Achmad , Saraswati Sri Puji , Yuliansyah Ahmad Tawfiequrrahman
Published: May 2021

Watershed is a multi-aspect ecological system, which functions as a source of water resources, in order to meet daily needs. It also motivates both economical and life matters, as well as serve as a sanitary channel for the surrounding community. Watershed also generates pollutants, which are known to potentially cause a decrease in river water quality. The degradation of river habitats that are caused by high pollutants penetration into the water body, decreases the capacity to carry out self-purification of toxic loads. The water pollutant load-carrying capacity is then calculated through various methods, one of which is the use of a computerized numerical modeling simulation called WASP (Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program). This method was developed by the ES-EPA, in order to process TMDLs (Total Maximum Daily Loads) data on river bodies, as well as examine each part of the water quality, based on spatial and temporal inputs. This study was conducted at the Karang Mumus Sub-watershed flowing through the centre of Samarinda City, with aims to determine the pollutants' carrying capacity, existing load, and toxic waste allocation, via the use of the BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) technique as a parameter of water quality. The calculation was carried out by segmenting the river into five parts, based on the number of districts it passes through, during pollutant loads inventory. The WASP modeling simulation showed that the total pollutant load-carrying capacity of the whole segments was 5,670 kg/day. It also showed the existing loads of about 3,605 kg/day, with the margin having the ability to receive pollutants at 2,065 kg/day. Moreover, the allocation of pollutant loads varies for each segment, with 2, 3, and 4 observed to reduce the pollutant by 390, 220, and 10 kg/day, respectively. However, segments 1 and 5 were still allowed to receive pollutant loads up to 1,740 and 945 kg/day, respectively.
Pengaruh Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Equity Terhadap Earning Per Share pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Batu Bara yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia 2014-2018
Authors: Faruq Ach. , Wianto Putra I Made , Riasning Ni Putu
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Pengaruh Current ratio, Debt to equity Ratio, Return on Equity Terhadap Earning per Share pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Batu Bara yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia 2014-2018. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui analisis data laporan posisi keuangan dan laporan laba rugi perusahaan. Jenis data yang digunakan yaitu data kualitatif. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 21 perusahaan yang ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data memakai analisis statistik deskriptif, uji normalitas, multikoloneritas, heterokedasitas, uji autokolerasi, analisis regresi linier berganda, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil analisis menyimpulkan bahwa current ratio berpengaruh positif terhadap earning per share. Debt to equity berpengaruh negatif terhadap earning per share. Return on equity berpengaruh positif terhadap earning per share perusahaan sub sektor batu bara di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2014-2018 .
ANALISA PERBANDINGAN HASIL PENGUJIAN LABORATORIUM DAN SIMULASI PADA BALOK BETON BERTULANG
Authors: Sudarno P Tampubolon
Published: May 2021

Perilaku balok beton bertulang sangat penting dalam desain struktur. Beberapa kegagalan yang terjadi pada balok dikarenakan penulangan balok tidak terpasang seperti prosedur perencanaan/ desain, masalah ini dapat menimbulkan kegagalan pada struktur. Mengetahui perilaku struktur balok akibat beban yang diberikan dapat membantu memprediksi kekuatan balok struktural dan kenyamanan struktur yang direncanakan. Untuk mengetahui dan memprediksi kekuatan dan kenyamanan struktur balok beton bertulang akibat beban yang diterima maka dilakukan uji eksperimental dan simulasi. Simulasi VecTor2 digunakan untuk memprediksi gaya geser, retak, dan perpindahan pada balok beton bertulang saat diterapkan beban displacement. VecTor2 mempertimbangkan pengaruh/ efek ikatan antara tulangan longitudinal terhadap beton (bond stress-slip effect). Bond stress-slip effect (0.139) memberikan pengaruh yang cukup besar terhadap kekuatan dan respon histeris balok beton bertulang. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini juga mengkaji pengaruh dari tegangan efek bond-slip pada beton bertulang. Dari hasil pengujian dan simulasi yang dilakukan diperoleh rasio perbandingan untuk load capacity berkisar antara 1.00-1.095 dan pola retak membentuk sudut 45˚. Seluruh hasil simulasi VecTor2 dengan menggunakan efek bond-slip akan dibandingkan dengan hasil pengujian eksperimen untuk melihat perilaku dan akurasi simulasi.
Pengaruh Dana Pihak Ketiga dan Tingkat Suku Bunga Kredit Terhadap Profitabilitas di PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Bali Tahun 2011-2018
Authors: Kusumawardhana I Gusti Putu Khresna , Sara I Made , Purnami Anak Agung Sri
Published: May 2021

Perbankan memiliki peranan penting dalam pembangunan dan perekonomian suatu negara. Bank memiliki tugas untuk menghimpun dana dari masyarakat dalam bentuk tabungan, deposito, giro dan menyalurkan kembali kepada masyarakat dalam bentuk kredit. Dalam proses menyalurkan kredit bank berharap memperoleh profit secara maksimal, karena dengan meningkatnya profitabilitas kegiatan bank dapat berjalan lancar dan optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK) dan tingkat suku bunga kredit terhadap profitabilitas (ROA) di PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Bali pada triwulan I. 2011 hingga triwulan IV. 2018 dengan menggunakan metode analisis linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Uji t pada variabel dana pihak ketiga (DPK) berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap profitabilitas (ROA) dan pengaruh tingkat suku bunga kredit berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas (ROA), sementara hasil Uji F diperoleh variabel dana pihak ketiga (DPK) dan tingkat suku bunga kredit berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas (ROA) di PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Bali.
Ciclos televisivos de ficción en episodios unitarios: crítica y resistencia al régimen dictatorial argentino
Authors: Lusnich Ana Laura
Published: May 2021

En este artículo se analiza un conjunto de ciclos televisivos de ficción compuestos por episodios unitarios y emitidos en la Argentina en la última dictadura cívico-militar (1976-1983), con el objetivo de constatar la demarcación de un espacio alternativo de creación-expresión. En primer lugar, se aborda la constitución de un tejido artístico-creativo que obró proactivamente en la concreción de los ciclos. En segundo lugar, se estudian las características textuales de estos programas y su apuesta por modalidades narrativas y espectaculares que facilitaban abordar críticamente problemáticas relacionadas con el presente histórico. Finalmente se indaga en la producción de sentido, en la cual el efecto de corpus y la recepción cómplice de los espectadores adquieren vital protagonismo. Se concluye que los ciclos estudiados se distanciaron de la programación televisiva de la época y configuraron una experiencia que obró en disidencia al régimen, postulando la crítica y la resistencia a sus lineamientos ideológicos y prácticas políticas.
La mediatización política durante la pandemia por COVID-19. La argumentación en las redes sociales de Alberto Fernández y Mauricio Macri
Authors: Slimovich Ana
Published: May 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la mediatización del discurso del presidente argentino, Alberto Fernández, en las redes sociales, desde su asunción en diciembre de 2019 hasta junio 2020 —con el marco de la expansión de la pandemia por COVID-19— y compararlo con los discursos del expresidente Mauricio Macri en el mismo período. Desde las teorías de la mediatización de la política, y utilizando herramental sociosemiótico, se realiza un análisis comparativo para poder hallar variantes e invariantes en las formas de la argumentación y mediatización, antes y durante el brote. Se describen los modos de la mediatización de la política que se generaron en las redes de los dos presidentes anteriores: Cristina Fernández de Kirchner y Mauricio Macri. Entre los hallazgos se destaca la existencia de nuevos modos de mediatización de la política en las redes sociales de Alberto Fernández y de Mauricio Macri durante la pandemia, así como continuidades en relación con el período anterior al brote de COVID-19.
Social support mediates the effect of forgiveness on subjective wellbeing in college students
Authors: Liu Junxiao
Published: May 2021

I explored the relationship between forgiveness and subjective well-being (SWB), and the mediating effect of social support in this relationship. Participants were 443 college students from Henan, China, who completed the Heartland Forgiveness Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale,
and Subjective Well-Being Scale. The results show that both interpersonal forgiveness and self-forgiveness were significantly correlated with SWB. Moreover, social support partially mediated the effects of both self-forgiveness and interpersonal forgiveness on SWB. These findings extend prior
research and elucidate how forgiveness can influence SWB in college students.
NSAIDs/Nitazoxanide/Azithromycin Immunomodulatory Protocol Used in Adults, Geriatric, Pediatric, Pregnant, and Immunocompromised COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective Observational Study and Case-Series
Authors: Kelleni Mina
Published: May 2021

To date no treatment protocol of proven efficacy was approved to manage
COVID-19. We have developed a novel COVID-19 immunomodulatory protocol
basing on our early pioneering article that justified repurposing of
nitazoxanide/azithromycin combination for early cases of COVID-19 which
was followed by two articles to justify addition of non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs to nitazoxanide/azithromycin. We are presenting
a prospective telemedicine protocol that managed more than 50 documented
COVID-19 patients while fully presenting a case series of 36
patients/legal guardians COVID-19 Arab patients including 12 confirmed
by PCR and 23 diagnosed by other measures. The patients included 14
adult males including an immunocompromised patient, 15 adult females
including one lactating, 3 pregnant patients including one confirmed by
PCR as well as 4 children. All patients have received a short
5-day-regimen of NSAIDs (diclofenac potassium in most of cases,
ibuprofen, lornoxicam, meloxicam, celecoxib, naproxen, ketoprofen or
ketorolac)/nitazoxanide/azithromycin +/- cefoperazone either in full or
in part as illustrated in the manuscript. The primary endpoint of this
protocol was full relief of all serious COVID-19 clinical manifestations
and it was fully achieved in all patients within two weeks. Most of the
patients treated early have fully recovered during its described five
days; the leucocytic/lymphocytic count was significantly improved for
those with prior leucopenia/lymphopenia. No significant adverse effects
were reported. A novel 5-day-protocol to safely and effectively cure
COVID-19 using repurposed immunomodulatory safe and inexpensive FDA
approved drugs is illustrated and we recommend performing sufficiently
powered double blind randomized clinical trials against any current
standard protocol.
Food allergy in infants assessed in two German birth cohorts 10 years after the EuroPrevall Study
Authors: Roehrl Daniela , Brandstetter Susanne , Siziba Linda , Rothenbacher Dietrich , Gaertner Vincent , Harner Susanne , Köninger Angela , Apfelbacher Christian , Melter Michael , Genuneit Jon , Kabesch Michael
Published: May 2021

Background: The prevalence of food allergies (FA) in children increased
rapidly at the turn of the century. The EuroPrevall study identified
Germany as a country with very high prevalence of FA at that time. Using
two large German birth cohorts we provide an update of the status quo
ten years later. Methods: KUNO Kids and Ulm SPATZ Health studies are two
ongoing prospective birth cohorts. Information on FA was obtained by
questionnaires at birth and after 6, 12 and 24 months. Univariate
logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate risk factors
during pregnancy, birth and early childhood. Results: In 1139 and 1006
children from KUNO Kids and SPATZ the point prevalence of
parent-reported FA symptoms at the ages of 1 and 2 years was 13.2% and
13.9 % in KUNO Kids. Doctor’s diagnosed FA at 1 and 2 years was 2.4%
and 2.7% in KUNO Kids and 2.3% and 3% in SPATZ. Cow’s milk and citrus
fruits were most frequently suspected by parents to cause FA symptoms.
Atopy in the child was associated with a higher frequency of FA at any
time, whereas atopy in first degree relatives was only associated with
FA at year 1. Smoke exposure during pregnancy was a risk for FA at age
2. Conclusion: The prevalence of food allergy seems to have plateaued in
the last 10 years in Germany. FA is often suspected by parents but only
rarely diagnosed by oral food challenge. Risk factor analysis may help
to establish personalized health approaches.
Harvest and density-dependent predation drive long term population decline in a northern ungulate
Authors: Marrotte Robby R. , Patterson Brent , Northrup Joe M.
Published: May 2021

The relative effect of top-down versus bottom-up forces in regulating
and limiting wildlife populations is an important theme in ecology.
Untangling these effects is critical for basic understanding of trophic
dynamics and effective management. We examined the drivers of moose
abundance by integrating two sets of observations to create one of the
largest existing spatiotemporal datasets on ungulate population dynamics
globally. We documented a 20% population decline. At high density,
moose were regulated by intraspecific competition. Predation primarily
limited population growth, except at low density, where it was
regulating. Harvest was largely additive and contributed to population
decline. Our results provide strong evidence for density dependent
predation, highlighting that population dynamics are context dependent
and vary strongly across gradients in climate, forest type and predator
abundance. These results clarify longstanding questions in population
ecology and highlight the complex relationships between natural and
human-caused mortality in driving ungulate population dynamics.
Tax reforms and income inequality in former Yugoslav countries: Escaping the avant-garde neoliberalism in the income tax policy
Authors: Zarkovic-Rakic Jelena , Vladisavljevic Marko
Published: May 2021

After the breakup of former Yugoslavia Croatia, Serbia and Slovenia followed
different income tax reform trajectories that could explain currently
different levels of income inequality in these countries. Our paper analyzes
redistributive effects of introducing progressive tax systems, like the ones
currently implemented in Slovenia and Croatia, in the Serbian context. Using
microsimulation modeling and Survey on Income and Living Conditions data for
2017 our results suggest that implementation of both Croatian and Slovenian
tax system would yield lower levels of income inequality and poverty if
applied in Serbia. Slovenian system achieves larger decrease in inequality
due to higher tax burden on the top incomes and brings significant increase
in tax revenues. Croatian tax schedule achieves stronger decrease in poverty
as more generous personal allowance exempt higher portions of low incomes
from labour taxes.
INFORMATION, COGNITION, AND OBJECTIVITY
Authors: Fresco Nir
Published: May 2021

The idea that the brain is an information processing system raises some challenging questions about whether information exists independently of brains. Answering these questions is relevant for clarifying the theoretical foundations of the sciences of mind and brain, but also for appropriately interpreting and evaluating the evidence about how brains—and other biological systems—work. This article claims that (1) informational descriptions in the sciences of mind and brain can be genuinely explanatory, despite assuming a mind-dependent notion of information; and (2) that either Popperian objectivity or response-dependence in normal receivers is sufficient for grounding the explanatory role that information often plays in these sciences. Hierarchical predictive processing, which has become a central theoretical framework for neurocognitive research, is used as a case study for supporting these two claims.
Militæraktivisme: Uklare definisjoner og politisk slagside
Authors: Friis Karsten
Published: May 2021

I en fersk Fokus-spalte i Internasjonal Politikk diskuteres begrepet «militæraktivisme» i en skandinavisk kontekst. Dessverre lider flere av bidragene av en uklar og dels politisert bruk av begrepet. Militæraktivisme sidestilles i det store med internasjonale operasjoner, og bringer dermed ingen nye analytiske bidrag. Spalten viser at begrepet kan ha noe for seg i det danske tilfellet, men klarer ikke å påvise at militæraktivisme er noe skandinavisk fenomen.
Abstract in EnglishMilitary Activism: Vague Definitions and Political LopsidednessA recent issue of Internasjonal Politikk had a Focus section dedicated to “military activism” in the Scandinavian context. Unfortunately, several of the contributions suffer from vague and partly politicized use of the term. Military activism appears to be applied analogous to international operations, thus failing to contribute with any new analytical insights. The section shows that military activism may be a fruitful term in the Danish context, but fails to demonstrate that this is a Scandinavian phenomenon.
Replikk til Karsten Friis, NUPI
Authors: Heier Tormod
Published: May 2021

Når militære styrker roterer inn og ut av operasjonsområder i tiår etter tiår, skjer det noe med beslutningstakerne. Politikere, embetsverk og offiserer sosialiseres inn nye selvbilder. Gamle normer, som at Forsvaret er et nasjonalt nødvergeinstrument byttes ut med nye selvbilder der det å krige ute blir viktig for å forstå seg selv som «en god alliert».
Abstract in EnglishReply to Karsten Friis, NUPIAs military forces rotate on a regular basis in and out of a theatre, decisionmakers become influenced. Not least by new self-perceptions. Politicians, civil servants and officers are socialized into new identities. Old norms, like territorial defence, are gradually exchanged with new expeditionary images of what it means to be “a good ally”.
Replik: Militæraktivismen genbesøgt
Authors: Dreyer Jakob , Holm Minda
Published: May 2021

Som svar på Karsten Friis’ kritik af Fokkusspalten, ”Når krig blir hverdag”, formulerer denne replik en kort begrebslig, empirisk og normativ afklaring af spaltens anvendelse af begrebet militæraktivisme. Begrebsligt påpeger replikken, at militæraktivisme allerede er hyppigt anvendt i litteraturen om skandinaviske landes øgede engagement i internationale militære operationer efter Den Kolde Krig. Empirisk set, er det korrekt, at udviklingen ikke har været lineær, og man kan argumentere for, at Danmark og Norges militæraktivisme var (endnu) større, da Afghanistankrigen var på sit højeste. Dog er begge lande fortsat engageret særligt i NATO-regi, og det er væsentligt at bemærke, at de direkte kampe på landjorden i internationale militære operationer i stigende grad udliciteres til mindre privilegerede lokale og internationale kombattanter. Replikken påpeger, at Friis’ påstand om, at militæraktivisme som begreb udgør en slet skjult kritik af Danmark og Norges militære engagement, beror på en misforståelse. Tværtimod stammer aktivisme fra den danske udenrigspolitiske debat, hvor begrebet anvendes politisk med en række positive konnotationer forbundet med at være aktiv (Pedersen & Ringsmose, 2017). I lyset af afpolitiseringen af Danmarks og Norges krigsdeltagelse velkommer vi fremadrettet yderligere forskningsmæssig og politisk diskussion af militæraktivismen.
Abstract in EnglishReply: Military Activism RevisitedIn response to Karsten Friis’ critique of the special issue When War Becomes Daily Life, this reply outlines a brief conceptual, empirical and normative clarification of the special issue’s use of the concept, military activism. Conceptually, the reply points out that military activism is already a frequently used concept in the academic literature on Scandinavian countries increased engagement in international military operations after the Cold War. Empirically, it is correct that this development has not been linear, and arguably, Denmark and Norway’s military activism was (even more) pronounced, when the war in Afghanistan was at its zenith. However, both countries continue to be engaged particularly in NATO, and significantly, direct battles on the ground are increasingly outsourced to local actors to less privileged local and international combatants. The reply points out, that Friis’s claim that military activism is a concealed critique of Denmark and Norway’s military engagement, is based on a misunderstanding. On the contrary, activism as a concept derives from the Danish foreign policy debate, where the term is used to connote a series of positive attributes associated with being active (Pedersen & Ringsmose, 2017). Considering the depoliticisation of Denmark and Norway’s military activism we welcome further academic and policy discussions about this important issue.
Parseval's equality in fuzzy normed linear spaces
Authors: Bayaz Daraby , Fataneh Delzendeh , Asghar Rahimi
Published: May 2021

We investigate Parseval's equality and define the fuzzy frame on Felbin fuzzy Hilbert spaces. We prove that C(Omega) (the vector space of all continuous functions on Omega) is normable in a Felbin fuzzy Hilbert space and so defining fuzzy frame on C(Omega) is possible. The consequences for the category of fuzzy frames in Felbin fuzzy Hilbert spaces are wider than for the category of the frames in the classical Hilbert spaces.
PELATIHAN BERIKLAN DI FACEBOOK (FB ADS) DI PONDOK MODERN AZ ZAHRA AL GONTORY SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI
Authors: Pritama Argiyan Dwi , Aziz Irfan Rifai
Published: May 2021

Pada era digital saat ini banyak sekali kegitan promosi yang beralih menggunakan internet, salah satunya adalah promosi beralih menggunakan media sosial. Meskipun media sosial awalnya diciptakan untuk membantu berkomunikasi dan bertemu dengan banyak orang, media sosial juga bisa dimanfaatkan untuk mempromosikan dan menjual produk atau jasa kepada semua pengguna media sosial lain yang tersebar di seluruh dunia. Promosi menggunakan platform media sosial ini selain banyak dilakukan oleh para pelaku bisnis, baik yang personal maupun perusahaan, lembaga-lembaga atau instansi-instansi juga banyak yang menggunakan sebagai media promosinya. Pondok Modern Az Zahra Al Gontory yang terletak di Gunung Tugel, Purwokerto awalnya merupakan sebuah pondok modern salaf atau tradisional, kemudian pada tahun ini, pengurus Pondok Modern Az Zahra Al Gontory telah sepakat untuk mengubah pondok modern salaf atau tradisional ke lembaga pendidikan dengan menerapkan pola dan sistem pembelajaran yang ada di pondok menjadi KMI (Kulliyatul Mu’allimin Al-Islamiyah) dengan menerapkan sistem dan pola pembelajaran Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Ponorogo. Oleh karena itu dalam rangka mengembangkan dan mempromosikan program pondok yang baru ini perlunya memperluas penyebaran informasi dengan beriklan, salah satu media beriklan yang ekonomis namun tetap efisien adalah dengan media sosial Facebook (FB Ads) melalui pelatihan yang disampaikan menggunakan metode demonstrasi dan presentasi. Diharapkan ke depannya dengan pelatihan ini dapat lebih mengenalkan program-program dan mempromosikan pendaftaran santri dan santriwati di Pondok Modern Az Zahra Al Gontory ke masyarakat luas pada tahun ajaran baru sehingga dapat meningkatkan jumlah santri dan santriwati untuk belajar lebih dalam mengenai agama islam melalui pendidikan di Pondok Modern Az Zahra Al Gontory.
Adaptation of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) to formulated diets: A review
Authors: Rahmdel Kamyar Javid , Falahatkar Bahram
Published: May 2021

Pikeperch, Sander lucioperca (L.) is a valuable species that is in high demand among consumers due to its nutritional features such as delicious meat, white and soft texture and lack of intermascualr bones. The main barriers in the development of pikeperch aquaculture are the challenges of its larviculture. A major problem in the larval period is that pikeperch must feed on live food, which imposes high costs on producers. Therefore, substituting live food with formulated diets is necessary, but this process cannot be performed easily and it requires an action plan to be successful. The aim of this study was to provide a brief overview of different aspects related to pikeperch nutrition including its natural feeding habits, nutritional requirements, digestive tract ontogeny, and the most common live foods used in pikeperch first feeding. Moreover, different weaning methods in pikeperch culture are provided to introduce an appropriate strategy to assist this fish in adapting to formulated diets.
The Attitude of the United States to the Baltic Region in 1918–1922: The Example of Latvia
Authors: Jēkabsons Ēriks
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the attitude of the USA towards the newborn independent Baltic States in 1918–1922 using the most devastated of them—Latvia—as an example. Relations between Latvia and the United States in 1918–1922 reflect Latvia’s intense foreign policy efforts to ensure its political and social development through relations with one of the world’s most influential and powerful economies in spite of the United States’ reserved behavior. In addition, this unique era in Latvia and the Baltic States as a whole (influenced by the Soviet Russian and German factors, war and its aftermath, and the ethnically diverse and complicated social situation) illustrates the specifics of US policy towards Eastern Europe and Russia.
Lexical and morphological development: A case study of Malay English bilingual first language acquisition
Authors: Salleh Rabiah Tul Adawiyah Mohamed , Di Biase Bruno , Kawaguchi Satomi
Published: May 2021

Many first language acquisition (FLA) studies have found a strong correlation between lexical and grammatical development in early language acquisition. For bilingual first language acquisition (BFLA), the development of grammar is also found to be correlated with the size of the lexicon in each language. This case study investigates how a Malay-English bilingual child developed the lexicon and grammar in each of her languages and considers possible evidence of interaction between the languages during acquisition. The study also aims to show that the predominant linguistic environment to which the child was alternatively exposed might have played an important role in her lexical and grammatical development. Thus, the study presents two sets of data: (a) a 12-month longitudinal investigation when the child was 2;10 up till 3;10 in Australia and (b) a one-off elicitation session at age 4;8 when the family was in Malaysia. The findings show that not only the emergence of grammar is linked to the lexical size of the developing languages, but that other variables, mainly the linguistic environment and the bilingual language mode, also influenced the child’s language productions.
Current Account Balance in Emerging Asia
Authors: Ariç Kivanç Halil , Sek Siok Kun , de Sousa Miguel Rocha
Published: May 2021

The current account balance is an important indicator which reveals information on a country’s economic situation such as investments, capital flows, and indebtedness. The main purpose of this study is to examine the current account balance conditions in emerging Asian countries. In this respect, the long-run and causality relationship between current account balance, economic growth, government expenditure, real interest rates, and foreign direct investment was examined. The panel data analysis was applied using the data dated 1986 to 2015. Our results revealed a causal effect from economic growth and government expenditure to current account balance mainly dependent on saving tendency.