bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis MtrA response regulator by anticancer drugs via computational methods
Authors: Satsangi Akash Tripathi , Yadav Pardeep , Chopra Arun Prasad , Jha Saurabh Kumar
Published: September 2023

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) causes TB disease and millions of deaths are reported every year. Drug resistance TB and its complex treatment is a big problem worldwide. The present  study aimed to design new and safer antitubercular compounds to tackle this serious threat. The unique drug target is the MtrAB Two-component regulatory system (2CRS) of mycobacteria. MtrAB system consists of MtrB sensor kinase (SK) and MtrA response regulator (RR). This system is essential in MTB and is involved in mycobacteria's proliferation. This important physiological process is operated by the phosphorylation of MtrB and then to MtrA. The phosphorylation mechanism triggers modulation in the expression of MtrA targets genes and helps perform appropriate function. This phenomenon depends on the active and inactive confirmation of MtrA, which involves a ligand (Metal ion complex e.g. Mg2+). In this study, anti-cancerous compounds were selected for the inhibition of MtrA. However, molecular docking exhibited binding affinity ranging from −10.8 to −4.7 kcal/mol, targeting the binding pocket of the selected Tuberculosis–MtrA protein (PDB ID: 5L8X). This energy difference between the native ligand and docked compounds showed that the six molecules: (Risperidone, 2-(benzofuran-2-yl)-6,7-dimethyl-4H-chromen-4-one, (2E)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(quinolin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, Estradiol Cypionate, (2Z)-6-hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-1-benzofuran-3(2H)-one, (2E)-3-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one) mentioned are more potent than the native ligand.These six molecules were first time reported as the inhibitor for MtrA of MtrAB Two-component regulatory system and can be utelize for further study.
Optimising reaction variables for the preparation of superabsorbent iron fertiliser hydrogel using sugarcane bagasse: A sustainable approach to improve crop nutrient release
Authors: Sri C. Bharaani , Shanmugasundaram R. , Marimuthu S. , Chitdeshwari T. , Senthil A. , Kalaiselvi T.
Published: September 2023

Iron (Fe) is a vital micronutrient essential for crop growth and development. Utilisation of bio-based, environmentally friendly functional polymers is inevitable for society. As an alternative to the conventional Fe fertiliser, the present study aimed to synthesise a higher Fe percentage containing hydrogel with organic substances that can facilitate the slow release of nutrients, reduce fertiliser nutrient fixation, and minimise environmental pollution. The reaction variables were optimised for the preparation of superabsorbent using sugarcane bagasse and nano-zeolite-based slow-release Fe fertiliser (SR Fe) hydrogel. This was formulated by graft, co-polymerising acrylic acid, acrylamide, sugarcane bagasse, and nano-zeolite with N,N'-methylene bis-acrylamide as a crosslinker and ammonium persulfate as an initiator. Based on the swelling percentage, the reaction variables of the SR Fe fertiliser were standardised. The crosslinker (MBA - 10 wt%), the initiator (APS - 10 wt%), the filler (Nano-zeolite - 10 wt%), the monomer acrylamide composition (AAm - 2g), the acrylic acid content (AA - 7 ml), the reaction temperature (60oC), and the drying temperature (40oC) were chosen based on desirable swelling percentage and loaded with Fe fertiliser. The Fe fertiliser was loaded to sugarcane bagasse in different ratios (1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2). The present study showed that the SR Fe fertiliser with the highest percentage of Fe (6.4%) in the ratio of sugarcane bagasse to Fe fertiliser of 1:2 could be used as an effective SR Fe fertiliser to supply nutrients slowly to crops to meet their nutrient needs and improve nutrient use efficiency.
Salt stress and its impact on rice physiology with special reference to India- A review
Authors: Sezhiyan Abinaya , Subiramaniyan Ashok , Perumal Chandrasekaran , Ashokkumar Natarajan  , Arumugam Rajeshkumar , Ramalingam Kuttimani , Chinnaraju Navin Kumar
Published: September 2023

With the increasing population, by 2030, the population of India will have seen an unprecedented rise of 1.43 billion and require food grains of around 311 million tones. Of the total area, nearly 5% of the area in India is affected by soil salinity. It is said that about 10% of soil is salinized every year. At this rate, 50% of the land area will be salinized by 2050.These repercussions challenge us to expand the area under cultivation or to increase the yield per unit area to maintain food security and sustainability. In order to meet the growing demands of the increased population, two major approaches can be met. Firstly, the available area under cultivation must be increased, which can be done by the reclamation of various problematic soils and making them suitable for cultivation. The second and holistic approach is to employ various biotechnological and breeding aspects in the development of resistant varieties surviving the harsh and unfavourable environment and showing no subsequent reduction in the yield parameters. For this, one must understand the various physiological aspects of tolerance for screening the elite varieties suited for a particular ecosystem or environment. Thus, the present study vividly explains the various physiological aspects of salt stress on rice. Employing these techniques, one can screen superior genotypes resistant to various stresses, thus keeping the Malthus predictions at bay.
Experimental investigation of anti-corrosive behaviour of Beta vulgaris: A green approach
Authors: Yadav Shramila , Kaushik Shikha , Dheer Neelu , Kumar Sarita , SIngh Gurmeet , Chaudhary Mansi , Gupta Meenakshi
Published: September 2023

The loss of metals due to corrosion can be prevented using green inhibitors. Using natural and eco-friendly plant products is futuristic, preventing the environment from toxic and harmful chemicals. The present study aimed to investigate whole beetroot (BR, Beta vulgaris) for its anti-corrosion behaviour by galvanostatic polarization and electrochemical impedance techniques at a temperature between 298 K- 328 K. The temperature study would help in proposing BR's adsorption mechanism on metal surfaces. The maximum inhibition efficiency of 94% at 298 K for 5% BR was observed, whereas a minimum of 75% was obtained for 1% BR at 328 K. It was found to be a mixed-type inhibitor that followed Langmuir isotherm.  From thermodynamic studies, ΔGoads   was found to be -13.64 kJ/mol, which revealed that BR adsorbed physically on the surface of mild steel. Rct values increased while Cdl values decreased on exposure of metal surface with BR extract. The scanning electron micrographs (SEM) and atomic force micrographs (AFM) witnessed the formation of a protective layer on the mild steel surface, which served as a barrier between the metal and corrosive medium. The present study provides a remedy for the financial and structural losses due to metal corrosion in an acidic medium.
Reasons and Extent of Diuretic Nonadherence Among People with a 90-Day Heart Failure Readmission: A Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Meraz Rebecca , Osteen Kathryn , McGee Jocelyn , Ke Weiming , Noblitt Paul , Viejo Henry
Published: September 2023

Aims: To examine the extent and reasons for diuretic nonadherence, explore patient’s diuretic-taking experiences, and gain a nuanced understanding of patient’s diuretic nonadherence. Design: This study utilized a convergent parallel mixed-method design.Methods: Eighty-two adults with a 90-day heart failure readmission were recruited between September 2019 and October 2020. The DOSE-Nonadherence scale assessed the extent and reasons for diuretic nonadherence. The Heart Failure Somatic Perception Scale measured perceived heart failure symptom burden. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to validate the extent of nonadherence and gain a deeper understanding of nonadherence reasons. Quantitative results and qualitative themes were integrated at the data-analytic stage. Results: The integrated data indicated that 60.9% of participants were nonadherent to diuretics. Integrated data analysis revealed four meta-inferences: (1) Diuretic nonadherence is frequent and multifactorial, (2) urination evokes emotions related to a loss of dignity, (3) diuretic nonadherence is an act of self-determination, and (4) diuretic nonadherence may not be entirely unintentional or intentional.Conclusion: Diuretic nonadherence is frequent among those with a 90-day heart failure readmission. Participants experienced diuretic-related psychological distress and coped with nonadherence. Diuretic nonadherence was utilized to protect against embarrassing urinary accidents and preserve a sense of dignity. Diuretic nonadherence was an act of self-determination, where participants sought over diuretic effects. Although unintentional and intentional reasons for diuretic nonadherence were evident, even the seemingly unintentional reasons of nonadherence may have some degree of intent.
A Comparison of Special Education Students’ Triennial Norm-Referenced Academic Achievement Before and During COVID-19
Authors: Lockwood Adam , Benson Nicholas Frank , Farmer Ryan L. , Klatka Kelsey
Published: September 2023

Despite growing evidence for learning loss due to COVID-19, there is little research examining this phenomenon using norm-referenced tests (NRTs) or with special educations students. Using a repeated-measures design with 96 fourth through 12th grade students previously identified as eligible for special education services, the present study attempted to measure learning loss using W Difference Scores gathered from triennial evaluations using the Woodcock Johnson IV Tests of Achievement. Findings revealed that participants fell further behind proficiency expectations in the areas of decoding, spelling, and math calculation skills. Academic proficiency was found to differ markedly from normative expectations for typical same-age peers across tests, both prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. While academic proficiency was more like that of a clinical sample of students with learning disabilities, moderate to large differences in the sample means of most tests suggest that COVID-19 has had a negative impact on academic achievement.
GPS1 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that G protein pathway suppressor 1, encoded by GPS1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. GPS1 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of GPS1 in primary tumors, however, was not correlated with patient survival outcomes in human breast cancer. Modulation of GPS1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
GRB2 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that growth factor receptor-bound protein 2, encoded by GRB2, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. GRB2 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of GRB2 in primary tumors was correlated with patient distant metastasis-free and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of GRB2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Genetic Variants Associated with Dyslexia: An Investigation into Their Role and Implications for Diagnosis and Intervention
Authors: Shah Muskaan Milind
Published: September 2023

This research paper investigates the genetic underpinnings of dyslexia to enhance our comprehension of this complex learning disorder. Employing a multifaceted approach, we explore candidate genes related to dyslexia and their functional implications. Our study reveals that genetic factors play a pivotal role in dyslexia, with heritability estimates exceeding 60%. Through an analysis of candidate genes associated with dyslexia, we shed light on their functions, including unexpected links to cilia biology. These findings offer potential insights into the disorder's neurobiological mechanisms. By elucidating genetic contributions, this research has implications for refining diagnostic criteria and developing targeted interventions to address dyslexia more effectively.
HES6 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that hes family bHLH transcription factor 6, encoded by HES6, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. HES6 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of HES6 in primary tumors was correlated with patient overall and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of HES6 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Geometrical optics as U(1) local gauge theory in spherically symmetric curved space-time
Authors: Hadi Miftachul
Published: September 2023

We formulate the eikonal equation (the equation which describes the light rays propagation) in (3+1)-dimensional spherically symmetric curved space-time using the gauge potential related to Clebsch variables. We assume that spherically symmetric curved space-time is the same as empty space-time consisting of the spherically symmetric gravitational field described by the Schwarzschild metric. The propagation of the ray follows the null geodesic.
TXN is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that thioredoxin, encoded by TXN, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. TXN mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of TXN in primary tumors was correlated with overall, distant metastasis-free and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of TXN expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
CNPY2 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that canopy FGF signaling regulator 2, encoded by CNPY2, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. CNPY2 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of CNPY2 in primary tumors was correlated with recurrence-free survival. Modulation of CNPY2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
The Influence of Norm-Referenced Feedback on Neural Correlates of Attention and Performance Monitoring Among High and Low Procrastinating Students
Authors: Wiwatowska Ewa , Wypych Marek , Michałowski Jarosław M.
Published: September 2023

Procrastination is an irrational delay of task completion. Previous studies have demonstrated that individuals who often procrastinate present deficits in attentional control and performance monitoring and that these dysfunctions might be differentially manifested depending on the motivational context. Building upon these results, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of norm-referenced feedback on executive functions among students with different levels of procrastination.High (HP; N = 75) and low (LP; N = 77) procrastinating students completed the parametric Go/No-Go task with two difficulty levels, during which they received either positive or negative false feedback indicating how well they performed in comparison to others. EEG was recorded during task completion to enable the analysis of the neural correlates of attention (P300) and performance monitoring (error-related negativity, correct-response negativity and error positivity; ERN, CRN and Pe).We observed that positive (as opposed to negative) feedback led to higher arousal and increased post-error slowing in HP (vs. LP) participants. On the other hand, during the negative feedback condition, HP showed decreased neural activation linked to attentional control (P300) and performance monitoring (ERN, CRN and Pe), while the groups did not differ in these indices during the positive feedback condition. Obtained findings indicate that HP might be more sensitive to the motivating effects of success and/or more vulnerable to the detrimental influence of failure.
Managing the Intricacies of Teaching Evaluation Data with Mixture Cross-Classified Item Response Theory Models
Authors: Bee R. Maximilian , Koch Tobias
Published: September 2023

The article introduces models for cross-classified multirater data, where multiple raters rate multiple targets on items with ordered response categories. Moreover, it is assumed that the rater population is heterogeneous and consists of latent subpopulations (mixture distribution assumption). The resulting models are mixture cross-classified item response theory models. Two version were developed: a graded response model and a generalized partial credit model. All models were defined on the principles of stochastic measurement theory and fit via Bayesian estimation by means of the open-source software Stan.For model assessment and comparison, leave-one-out cross-validation as well as stacking was used. The model code is available as Supplementary Material and contains an integration algorithm to calculate the marginalized likelihood that can be easily adapted to similar models. The analysis of teaching evaluation data reveals two latent rater populations that show extreme vs. moderate response styles. These results suggest that the heterogeneity of the student population in teaching evaluation research should be considered. The results of a simulation study show that the parameters can be satisfactorily recovered in the developed models.
Information search under uncertainty across transdiagnostic psychopathology and healthy ageing
Authors: Mohr Greta , Ince Robin A A , Benwell Christopher
Published: September 2023

When making decisions in everyday life, we often rely on an internally generated sense of confidence to help us revise and direct future behaviours. For instance, confidence directly informs whether further information should be sought prior to commitment to a final decision. Many studies have shown that aging and both clinical and sub-clinical symptoms of psychopathology are associated with systematic alterations in confidence. However, it remains unknown whether these confidence distortions influence information-seeking behaviour. We investigated this question in a large general population sample (N=908). Participants completed a battery of psychiatric symptom questionnaires and performed a perceptual decision-making task with confidence ratings in which they were offered the option to seek helpful information (at a cost) before committing to a final decision. Replicating previous findings, an ‘anxious-depression’ (AD) symptom dimension was associated with systematically low confidence, despite no 1st-order performance detriment. Conversely, a ‘compulsive behaviour and intrusive thoughts’ (CIT) dimension was associated with impaired 1st-order performance but paradoxical over-confidence. However, neither symptom dimension was significantly associated with an increased or decreased tendency to seek information. Hence, participants scoring highly for AD or CIT did not use the option to information seek any more than average to either increase their confidence (AD) or improve their 1st-order decisions (CIT). In contrast, older age was associated with impaired 1st-order performance and decreased confidence initially, but increased information seeking behaviour mediated increases in both accuracy and confidence for final decisions. Hence, older adults used the information seeking option to overcome initial deficits in 1st-order performance and to increase their confidence accordingly. The results show an adaptive use of information seeking to overcome perceptual deficits and low confidence in healthy aging which was not present in transdiagnostic psychopathology.
Influence of Demographic Variables on Trust in the Banking Industry
Authors: Bhandari Sita , Dhaubdhadel Sarita Maiya , Pant Sagar , Shah Ram Uday
Published: September 2023

Banks depend on trust. Commercial banks are vital to the economy because they help consumers save, lend, and manage their finances. This research was carried out to learn more about bank workers' faith in trust on a demographic basis. Quantitative data was collected from a sample of 111 individuals through a survey questionnaire. The survey assessed perceptions of trust in commercial banks. The analysis reveals that gender and educational level plays a role in trust and perceptions of leadership Marital status alone does not determine trust and perceptions, as individuals in both married and unmarried groups exhibited a range of opinions. Age and experience also do not influence trust. These findings provide insights into the dynamics of trust and perceptions of leadership. Still, they should be considered within the limitations of the dataset and the influence of other factors like organizational culture
Macleod Before Banting
Authors: Gale Edwin
Published: September 2023

Abstract.

John James Rickard Macleod provided the facilities and support that enabled Frederick Banting and Charles Best to perform the experimental work that resulted in the discovery of insulin. This review considers Macleod's intellectual contribution to the initial discovery in light of his previously expressed opinions on glucose metabolism. He acknowledged the likely existence of an internal secretion from the pancreas and was aware of previous work in the area; however, seeking it was not among his research priorities. His advice in the immediate aftermath of the discovery does not appear to have made any essential contribution to the project, although he made its ultimate success possible. Instead, he gave Banting the chance he needed, gave him full credit for what he achieved, and promoted insulin tirelessly as a gift to the world.
Nonclostridial Emphysematous Nephritis
Authors: Luna Carlos , Biship Poni
Published: September 2023

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is rare. Less than twenty-five cases are reported in the literature dating back to 1898.1,3 The presence of gas in the renal substance occurs only from infection.2 The spontaneous production of gas in any organ by the genus Clostridium is well known. Organisms such as Bacteroides, Escherichia, and Proteus species may be associated with gas producing infections. Presented here is a case reported of emphysematous pyelonephritis and brief summary of the clinical features of the previously reported cases.
An Exploratory Study of the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Disruptions on Veterinary Medical Education
Authors: Karabulut-Ilgu Aliye , Burzette Rebecca G.
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 outbreak forced educators worldwide to transition to remote teaching, which caught most of the instructors and students off-guard. Instructors had to quickly adapt and find effective substitute teaching methods during this unprecedented period, while students had to maintain motivation and engagement in the learning process. As with all educational levels and disciplines, teaching and assessment in veterinary medicine were forced to change during this adjustment period. The biggest concern regarding educational experiences was potential learning loss caused by the disruption. This study examined whether COVID-19 pandemic disruptions negatively impacted veterinary students’ knowledge and skill acquisition in both basic science education, and clinical science education employing a quasi-experimental approach. Data sources included the results from standardized exams including Veterinary Educational Assessment (VEA), the North American Veterinary Licensing Examination (NAVLE), Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs), and surveys (i.e., Senior Exit Survey, Alumni Survey, and the Employer Survey). Analysis of variance was computed to compare pre-COVID results with those attained during and after pandemic restrictions. The results indicated no statistically significant difference in student performance on standardized exams, but a significant drop in the mean scores for OSCEs. Students whose education was disrupted by COVID-19 pandemic restrictions were as much satisfied with the education they received as their peers whose education was not disrupted. Conclusions are discussed and recommendations for further research are provided.
Differential Diagnosis Challenges of Facial Pain (Clinical Case)
Authors: Bezkorovaina L. P. , Garlyauskaite I. Y. , Ponomarenko Y. V.
Published: September 2023

Annotation. The diagnosis of facial pain falls within the realm of professional competence for dentists, orthopedic dentists, ophthalmologists, otolaryngologists, neurosurgeons, neurologists, and physiotherapists. The complex and highly subjective nature of clinical symptoms often poses challenges for practitioners across these specialties. Consequently, a patient with facial pain may undergo multiple consultations with different specialists before a definitive diagnosis is established and effective treatment is provided. The aim of this study is to demonstrate a developed routing protocol for a patient with atypical facial pain through a clinical case. The stages of interdisciplinary simultaneous consultation, a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and treatment of patients with facial pain, and differential diagnosis are considered using the example of a clinical case of a 15-year-old female patient K., who presented to a dental surgeon with complaints of constant facial pain and a preliminary diagnosis of “Temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Impacted wisdom teeth 38 and 28”. The pain was constant, dull, deep, and piercing. She experienced decreased sensitivity in the lower lip and the anterior half of the tongue on the left side, as well as stuffiness and ringing in the left ear. Consultations with a neurologist and an orthopedic dentist were conducted, which led to the prescription of additional diagnostic methods: needle electromyography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. The article assesses the relevance and effectiveness of a multidisciplinary approach to the comprehensive diagnosis of facial pain syndrome, including a thorough history-taking by a dental practitioner, conclusions of a neurologist, and the results of additional diagnostic methods. Based on the electromyographic signs, the trigeminal nerve damage was detected, and a voluminous brain tumor causing compression of the trigeminal nerve and its peripheral endings was visualized on magnetic resonance tomography. Following the consultation with the dental surgeon, the patient was referred for further treatment to the A.P. Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. Thus, interdisciplinary consultation is recognized as the basis for the comprehensive management of patients with atypical facial pain, requiring the involvement of a primary care physician - a dentist, who develops a routing protocol for timely diagnosis and effective treatment of these kind of patients.
Infectious complications of external fixation in patients with polytrauma
Authors: Tanasienko P. V. , Kolov H. B.
Published: September 2023

Annotation. Among the main causes of mortality and in the structure of primary disability in Ukraine, the consequences of injuries consistently rank third, second only to cardiovascular and oncological diseases. The intensive use of implants in traumatology and orthopedics in the second half of the 20th century, along with significant advantages in the tactics of surgical treatment and further improvement of the quality of life of patients, also contributed to the emergence of infection. The purpose of our work was to determine the features of the occurrence and localization of the infectious process after external fixation as a result of polytrauma. An analysis of the treatment of 181 patients who were hospitalized in the Department of osteomyelitis surgery at the Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine was conducted. Statistical processing was carried out using the method of calculating the coefficient of the polychoric relationship indicator according to K. Pearson. As our study indicated, in 93.6% of patients with infectious complications of external fixation as a result of polytrauma, the pathological process was localized in the lower limb, which is associated with high-energy injuries inherent in multisystemic and multiorgan damage. Most often, the purulent process in patients with external fixation as a result of polytrauma was found in the lower third of the tibia (21.0%), the middle third of the tibia (17.9%) and the lower third of the femur (15.8%). Purulent complications in the area of the upper extremity in patients with external fixation as a result of polytrauma were observed four times less often than in patients with the same complications as a result of an isolated injury.
Effectiveness of venlafaxine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis with a neuropathic component of the pain syndrome
Authors: Kedyk I. O. , Stanislavchuk M. A.
Published: September 2023

Annotation. In aim to study the effectiveness of the use of venlafaxine in the complex therapy of ankylosing spondylitis in the presence of neuropathic pain, the results of treatment of 131 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were studied: 88 patients without neuropathic pain, 22 patients with neuropathic pain who received standard treatment, and 21 patients with neuropathic pain who received venlafaxine in addition to standard therapy. Statistical analysis of differences in quantitative features was performed using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test, categorized using Fisher's exact test (one-sided) at p<0.05. Significantly better dynamics in the course of treatment were found in patients with neuropathic pain treated with venlafaxine compared to patients with neuropathic pain and without neuropathic pain treated with standard therapy. ASAS20 compliance was achieved in 31.8% of patients without neuropathic pain and in 13.6% of patients with neuropathic pain who received standard therapy and in 47.6% of patients with neuropathic pain who received venlafaxine in addition to standard therapy. The calculation of the odds ratio proved that the presence of neuropathic pain increases the risk of resistance to treatment (failure to achieve ASAS20 by almost three times (odds ratio 2.95; confidence interval 0.8-10.8). Prescribing venlafaxine to patients with ankylosing spondylitis and the presence of neuropathic pain increases the chances of achieving ASAS20 by 5.75 times with a confidence interval of 1.3-25.5 (p<0.05). Patients who received venlafaxine in addition to standard therapy achieved significantly better scores on BASMI, ASAS, HAQ, depression and reactive anxiety after 12-week therapy. This gives reasons to recommend the introduction of venlafaxine to the treatment regimen of AS in the presence of neuropathic pain
The demographic situation in Ukraine due to conditions of the war with Russia, the assessment of population migration, the main problems, prospects and motivation of the birth rate
Authors: Yaremyna I. V. , Holovchanska-Pushkar S. E. , Dereziuk A. V. , Baidiuk I. A. , Klimas L. A.
Published: September 2023

Annotation. The acute demographic crisis in Ukraine has been a cause for concern for more than a year. The dynamic analysis of demographic processes gives us the opportunity to investigate the problems of studying the birth rate and population growth of Ukraine, the mortality and emigration of Ukrainians during the war and the creation of state programs that will motivate able-bodied Ukrainians to return to Ukraine after the victory from abroad to study, work and give birth to healthy children. The purpose of our research was to prove the importance of using various state programs to motivate the birth rate and return the working population to Ukraine, further research should be focused on identifying factors that complicate this process in practice. A review of literary sources in scientometric databases: Pub Med, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, as well as the latest UN data, included in this review article from 1990 to 2022, including the use of works by domestic and foreign scientists, was conducted. Based on available data, the positive and negative consequences of labor and educational migration of Ukrainians have been examined, and factors that have the greatest impact on the intensity of migration processes have been identified. The negative trends in the country's demographic development necessitate thorough research and exploration of the interplay between demographic processes and socio-economic phenomena, requiring the urgent pursuit of new avenues in demographic policies at all levels to halt population depopulation. A review of the scientific, educational, methodological and historical literature showed us that due to the increase in the standard of living, the improvement of the conditions for raising children and adolescents, purposeful work at the state level, changes in reproductive and migration attitudes, it is possible to achieve a certain increase in the birth rate. Our proposed approach to this problem allows us to choose a quick, optimal way to overcome the low birth rate of the population of Ukraine and create social state programs for the return of Ukrainians from abroad after the victory!
Main aspects of the implementation of the physical therapy program for diseases and injuries of the muscle-muscle system according to the international classification of functioning
Authors: Sarafyniuk L. A. , Horodetska O. O. , Androshchuk O. V.
Published: September 2023

Annotation. A review of the scientific literature related to the problem of implementing physical rehabilitation programs according to the international classification of functioning, limitation of vital activities and health is presented. The purpose of our work is to analyze the existing data on the implementation of the physical therapy program in the concept of SMART goals according to the international classification of functioning. We conducted a systematic literature review and analysis based on PubMed, ScienceDirect, UpToDate, Web of science, and Scopus databases. During the search for information on the implementation of a physical therapy program for pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, various combinations of the following keywords were used: “Functioning, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health”, “rehabilitation”, “Mobility of joint functions”, “Muscle power functions”, “Maintaining a body position”. When processing the search results, the most recent publications (over the last 5 years) or the latest publications on this issue (regardless of the age) were chosen. An analysis of the results of the implementation of domestic and foreign programs of physical therapy for diseases and injuries of the musculoskeletal system was carried out using the International Classification of Functioning, Limitations of Vital Activities and Health. Considering today's requests regarding the development of physical therapy, giving special importance to the functioning of the person, the rehabilitation diagnosis should be based on the International Classification of Functioning, which in his practice, first of all, should be used by the physical therapist as a basis for establishing a rehabilitation diagnosis. Based on the examination of the patient within the limits of his competence, the physical therapist compiles a list of problems formulated in the categories of ICF (function, activity, participation), a quantitative assessment of the manifestation of impairment or limitation is carried out and the role of the external environment factor is determined, after establishing a rehabilitation diagnosis, a rehabilitation program is drawn up, the effectiveness of which is also controlled by the ICF.
Physical resilience is a predictor of healthy aging
Authors: Ladiges Warren
Published: September 2023

Physical resilience is defined as the ability to respond to and recover from a physically stressful event. Response to stress can be heterogeneous across lifespan and between individuals of the same age. Documentation of resilience at a young age would provide insight into how individuals across lifespan would develop resilience to physical stress at an older age and help identify individuals determined to be less resilient. Protective factors could be developed that can be engaged to promote resilience and healthy aging and provide insight as to why some individuals maintain or regain function following an insult while others do not. Preclinical animal studies will provide valuable information as to the molecular pathways involved in individual heterogeneity and help identify therapeutic targets. The concept that resilience to aging is characterized by heterogeneous response patterns unique to specific physical stressors is an excellent translational platform for determining the optimal age, scope, and intensity of physical stressors to reliably discriminate resilience.
The role of immune aging in Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Harkins Patricia , Cowley Sharon , Harrington Robert , Kane David , Conway Richard
Published: September 2023

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a granulomatous vasculitis with a predilection for medium and large calibre arteries. The most significant risk factor for its development is advancing age, with a peak incidence in the seventh and eighth decades of life. Despite this, until recently, the role of aging in disease pathogenesis has been largely overlooked. Advancing age is associated with numerous alterations in both the innate and adaptive immune system. Indeed, there is significant overlap in the cellular and molecular pathways involved in immune aging and those observed in the pathogenesis of GCA. In this review we explore these similarities and further expand the discussion on the postulated role of accelerated immune ageing in the pathogenesis of GCA. With the dramatic increase in lifespan in recent decades, elucidating the potential role of early immune aging in disease pathogenesis is extremely pertinent, with the potential to offer a new therapeutic avenue not only for those with GCA, but all immune mediated rheumatic diseases.
Trafik Kazazedelerinin Deneyimlerinin İncelenmesi: Ölümün Kıyısında, Yaşamın Derinliğine Bir Bakış
Authors: KAÇAN-BİBİCAN Bilgesu , FINDIK Gizem , ÖZ Bahar
Published: September 2023

Türkiye’de yılda 1,1 milyon trafik kazası gerçekleşmekte ve bu kazalarda her yıl 6 binin üzerinde insanımız hayatını kaybederken 280 binin üzerinde insanımız da yaralanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı bu kadar büyük sayıda kayıplara ve yaralanmalara neden olan trafik kazalarını, kaza geçirmiş kişilerinin gözünden trafik psikolojisi bakış açısıyla incelemektir. Son 5 yılda trafik kazası deneyimlemiş ve bundan etkilendiğini belirtmiş 9 katılımcıyla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Tematik analiz sonucunda 4 üst tema ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunlar; “kaza öncesi ve kaza anı durum”, “kazanın etkileri”, “kaza ile baş etme yöntemleri”, ve “kaza sonrası değişimler” temalarıdır. “Kaza öncesi ve kaza anı durum” teması kaza öncesi psikolojik ve fizyolojik durum, kaza anı duyguları, kaza anı davranışları alt temalarından; “kazanın etkileri” teması kazanın psikolojik etkileri, kazanın fiziksel etkileri, kazanın maddi etkileri alt temalarından; “kaza ile baş etme yöntemleri” teması kendini telkin, sosyal veya profesyonel destek, çeşitli aktivitelerle uğraşma alt temalarından; “kaza sonrası değişimler” teması tutum ve atıf değişiklikleri, davranış değişiklikleri alt temalarından oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın bulguları değerlendirildiğinde kazanın neden olduğu travmatik deneyimin kaza öncesini gölgede bıraktığı gözlemlenmiştir. Kaza anından sonraki sürecin katılımcıları travmatik olarak etkilediği gibi travma sonrası büyüme de sağladığı bulunmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra katılımcıların genel olarak güvenli sürücülüğü benimsemektense kazalarının nedenini atfettikleri davranışa odaklandıkları ve sadece bu davranışı değiştirdikleri gözlemlenmiştir. Ortaya çıkan temalar alanyazın ışığında değerlendirilmiştir.
FREEMASONRY IN AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND: A BRIEF STUDY
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), KOCHETKOV Dmitry S.
Published: September 2023

В данной статье приводится краткая история масонства в Австралии и Новой Зеландии. В XVIII-XIX вв. это общественное движение было заметной частью жизни британского высшего и среднего классов и вполне предсказуемо распространилось во всех британских колониях. Как всегда и везде, деятельность масонов в Австралии и Новой Зеландии сопровождается зловещими слухами, но каких-либо достоверных свидетельств о решающем влиянии масонов на важные исторические события в этих странах нет.
A PEOPLE-ORIENTED ASEAN: EXAMPLES OF INTERACTION WITH TRANSNATIONAL PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   MGIMO-University, Moscow, Russia, RACHINSKY-SPIVAKOV Yulia O.
Published: September 2023

Концепция человекоориентированной АСЕАН отражается в официальных заявлениях и документах организации в качестве одного из её основополагающих принципов. Согласно документам АСЕАН человекоориентированность подразумевает несколько составляющих, ключевой из которых является сотрудничество с гражданским обществом.На примере двух транснациональных общественных организаций, занимающихся вопросами инвайронментализма и гендерного равенства, данное исследование демонстрирует эффективные механизмы взаимодействия между АСЕАН и гражданским обществом. Несмотря на продвижение во взаимодействии между сторонами, общественные организации АСЕАН до сих пор сталкиваются с определёнными трудностями, которые замедляют процесс развития, например, такими как отсутствие финансирования со стороны АСЕАН.
INDONESIA BETWEEN TWO SCALES
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), DRUGOV Alexey Yu.
Published: September 2023

Статья посвящена отношениям Индонезии с Китайской Народной Республикой и Соединенными Штатами Америки. Отношения с КНР, крупнейшим торговым партнером и одним из главных инвесторов осложнены ситуацией в Южно-Китайском море и противоречиями вокруг статуса исключительной экономической зоны и архипелага Натуна. Индонезия наращивает свое военное присутствие в районе Натуна, что очевидно связано с этой конфликтной ситуацией. Вместе с тем, в последние годы имела место активизация политических контактов, в том числе и на весьма высоком уровне, что дает надежду на преодоление негативных моментов.Соединенные Штаты используют проблемы в отношениях Джакарты и Пекина для максимального привлечения Индонезии на свою сторону в американо-китайских противоречиях. Есть признаки роста военного и военно-технического сотрудничества двух стран, включая совместные военные учения в Южно-Китайском море и прилегающих районах.Одновременно в Индонезии нарастает недовольство политикой США и Запада в целом, которая не основывается на равенстве и взаимном учете интересов.
EAST TIMOR AND INDONESIA: PROBLEMS OF HISTORICAL MEMORY AND MODERN PARTNERSHIP
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), SHATERNIKOV Pavel S. ,   IKSA RAS
Published: September 2023

Отношения Восточного Тимора и Индонезии имеют крайне непростую историю, которая продолжает влиять на текущее состояние межгосударственных отношений. Жестокость индонезийских властей в ходе оккупации Восточного Тимора в значительной степени настроила население страны враждебно по отношению к индонезийцам. Тем не менее, на официальном уровне в Дили предпочитают не акцентировать внимание на проблемах исторической памяти, видя выгоду в сотрудничестве с Джакартой. Начало независимости Восточного Тимора, совпавшее с процессами демократизации в Индонезии, открыло новую эпоху в двусторонних отношениях. Индонезия долгое время сохраняла статус главного торгового партнёра Восточного Тимора, лишь недавно уступив Китаю. Кроме того, Джакарта стала для Дили проводником в институты многостороннего сотрудничества АСЕАН и последовательно выступает за включение бывшей провинции в саму Ассоциацию.
TRANSLATIONS OF RUSSIAN AND SOVIET LITERATURE IN VIETNAM DURING THE WAR OF RESISTANCE AGAINST THE FRENCH COLONIALISTS, 1946–1954 (Part 1.)
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), SOKOLOV Anatoly A.
Published: September 2023

После победы Августовской революции 1945 г. в Демократической Республике Вьетнама под руководством Компартии Индокитая началось строительство новой жизни, нового общества и новой культуры. В условиях войны Сопротивления против французских колонизаторов (1946-1954) литература и искусство играли важную роль в процессе формирования идеологии человека новой формации. В эти годы происходит знакомство вьетнамцев с советской культурой и в первую очередь с литературой (усилившееся после установления дипломатических отношений между ДРВ и СССР в 1950 г.), что дало мощный импульс для развития творческого взаимодействия между двумя странами.