bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of Childhood Rheumatic Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey on Parental Approaches and Involvements in the Treatment Procedure
Authors: Tahghighi Sharabian Fatemeh , Ziaee Vahid
Published: November 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to seek the approaches of parents in medical management of their children with rheumatic disorders during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted based on an online questionnaire survey at Children’s Medical Center Hospital of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The participants were selected based on their institutional records. The questionnaires contained questions covering all the basic information related to the patients and their parents, as well as the approaches that parents had taken to manage the rheumatic disease of their children during the outbreak of COVID-19. Results: A total number of 125 valid questionnaires were collected. Based on our results, 13 out of 129 parents had discontinued their children’s medicines due to COVID-19 concerns, 4 had respiratory disease symptoms but 9 had not any signs of pulmonary involvements. Thus, the overall response rate was calculated 89.6%. However, among the symptomatic cases 19 out of 23 rheumatoid cases had continued to take their routine medications, and the response rate among this group was obtained 82.6%. Among these 13 cases, 7 children had worsened symptoms; however 6 had no changes in the disease symptoms. Seventy-six out of 125 children had been visited by a doctor in the last 2 months, while the remaining 49 cases did not. Twenty-three children (18.4%) had respiratory disease symptoms in the last two months, 19 of whom (82.6%) had continued their rheumatic drugs, but 4 (17.3%) had stopped. Only 3 of 125 children had confirmed COVID-19 infection. Conclusions: None of the parents who had visited a pediatric rheumatologist during this time had discontinued their children’s medicines. Therefore, close contact with doctors or online consultation could benefit them during the COVID-19 era.
In Silico Analysis of S315T and S315R Mutations of Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolates from Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Mumtaz Khan Muhammad , S Alves Maria , Alam Sadia , Khan Mohammad H , Jahangir Muhammad , Jabbar Abdul , Zaman Rehmat , Ali Sajid , Bibi Aisha , Kamal Mustafa
Published: November 2020

Background: Tuberculosis is one of the most frequent and persistent global diseases causing millions of deaths every year. Pakistan lies at number 6 among the 22 most dominant countries, with multidrug resistance up to 15%. Isoniazid-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are gradually rising and seem to be more prevalent in developing countries. Mutations in the katG gene are considered to be responsible for the accusation of isoniazid resistance in M. tuberculosis. Objectives: The current study was designed to investigate the structural and functional associations of KatG gene mutations (S315R and S315T) and multidrug resistance in M. tuberculosis isolates from Karachi, Pakistan. Results: The present study revealed conformational changes in the structure of the KatG enzyme due to observed mutations, which led to induced alterations in isoniazid binding residues at the active site of the KatG enzyme. Furthermore, substantial changes were observed in interaction energy, ligand-receptor energy, electrostatic energy, salvation energy, and ligand-receptor conformational entropy. All these resultant modifications due to S315R and S315T mutations ultimately reduced the flexibility and stability of proteins at isoniazid-binding residues. Conclusions: This deviation in the consistency of protein texture eventually compromises the enzyme activity. It is well expected that the outcomes of the current study would provide a better understanding of the consequences of these mutations and provide a detailed insight into some previously unknown features.
Simulation of Pediatric Life-Threatening Emergency Scenarios (SimPLES): The Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of an Undergraduate Immersive Simulation-Based Educational Intervention
Authors: Kumar Prashant , Chitnis Simon , Lawrence Louise , Langasco Niamh , McGowan Neil
Published: November 2020

Background: Clinical exposure to acutely unwell pediatric patients is often limited during undergraduate medical training. Although limited within undergraduate pediatric curricula, simulation-based education (SBE) offers a tool with which such exposure can be achieved in a safe and effective learning environment. This study describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of an undergraduate multi-center immersive pediatric SBE course. Objectives: We sought to increase medical students’ exposure to acutely unwell pediatric patients and provide practical experience to improve their understanding of the importance of non-technical skills within the clinical workplace, such as teamwork, communication skills, leadership, and situational awareness. Furthermore, we sought to evaluate the impact on students’ confidence in assessing and managing acutely unwell pediatric patients while exploring their perceptions and opinions of the course. Methods: The present study included all final-year students who were on a pediatric clinical placement during the study period. Tutorials on pediatric A-E assessment and fluid management were followed by a series of immersive simulation scenarios and structured debriefs, concentrating on the importance of non-technical skills in the clinical workplace. Also, some mini-tutorials were incorporated into the course design, focussing on the technical and pathophysiological aspects of each presentation. We employed a mixed-method research methodology to evaluate the impact of the course. Also, anonymized post-course and free-text feedback was sought to explore students’ experiences and perceptions of the course. Results: All 80 students completed the pre and post-course confidence questionnaires, reporting statistically significant improvements in confidence across all 11 domains tested. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data identified six core themes: knowledge acquisition, the value of debriefing, the importance of non-technical skills, the value of faculty expertise, the value of repeated practice, and opportunities for exposure to pediatrics. The innovative post-scenario mini-tutorials were favorably received. Conclusions: Our study shows that immersive SBE can improve medical students’ confidence in managing pediatric emergency scenarios. Also, incorporating mini-tutorials within an immersive simulation course design in an undergraduate setting can be helpful and well received by students.
Saint Vitus Day in Sarajevo
Authors: Gaćinović Radoslav
Published: November 2020

As a nationwide movement for the liberation and unification of South Slavic peoples at beginning of the 20th century, Young Bosnia was the only hope of the peoples in occupied and disenfranchised Bosnia and Herzegovina for achieving emancipation and unification. The title "Young Bosnia" was first used by Petar Kocic in the newspaper Otadzbina ("Fatherland") in 1907, and then by Vladimir Gacinovic in an article published in Almanac of Prosveta ("Education") in 1910. Despite their innate instinct that force should be resisted with force, the Young Bosnians and their supporters had a much deeper understanding of the historical perspective than many of their contemporaries among the South Slavs. Firstly, they understood the inescapability of the destruction of the Habsburg Monarchy through revolution and secondly, they understood the need for the establishment of a Yugoslav federal community consisting of different South Slavic nations with the same ethnic origin but with separate histories. One may have their own opinion regarding the methods of Gavrilo Princip and his co-fighters, but it is certain that for reasons of their patriotism, courage and selflessness the Sarajevo assassins can be included in the group of prominent fighters for the liberation of their disenfranchised and humiliated countrymen. Many historians agree that the Sarajevo assassination was in character an act of self-defense for the purpose of liberation as it was founded on the revolutionary politics of the young people who were, it is possible to say now, the most forward-thinking Bosnian youths of the time. Their fundamental patriotic consciousness and their philosophical thought as a political superstructure, enlivened with the revolutionary spirit and pride of every individual member, greatly contributed to the formation of their views and strengthened their commitment to their struggle.
The role of Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation Andrey Koziryev in the creation of the fates of Russia and Yugoslavia
Authors: Guskova Jelena
Published: November 2020

The paper considers the period of the formation of political structures and the establishment of foreign policy aims of the new state, the Russian Federation, in early 1992. The author attempts to reveal the role of the minister of foreign affairs of the Russian Federation Andrey Koziryev in the creation of the fates of Russia and Yugoslavia, what were the most prominent features of his diplomatic career and what factors guided his choices regarding certain questions that concerned the Balkans. His main task was to reform in more than just words the old Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs and to build the model for peacetime Russian diplomacy. Yeltsin naively believed that Koziryev would be able to demonstrate to all that Russia is a guarantor of peace in various regions, amongst others Yugoslavia, as he was a dynamic individual with a modern outlook. Koziryev suited Europe and the United States of America as he was "their man" in the Kremlin, he had a good reputation, granted the wishes of Western partners, and reduced the dangers of an unpredictable Russia. Koziryev was widely supported because he was always ready to cooperate and to fulfil all manner of requests and orders. As such he was desperately needed by the West.
The emergence of modern international relations as scientific disciplines and a brief review of their historical development
Authors: Despotović Ljubiša
Published: November 2020

This paper considers the establishment of modern international relations as a scientific discipline and the first theoretical discussions relating to the definition of its subject. The paper also presents a brief overview of the historical development of international relations with a special emphasis on defining its important contextual determinants, or features. The post-war establishment of a new science of international politics did not proceed without disagreements, theoretical differences, methodological discussions, and even open resistance to the emerging scientific discipline. Discussions and disputes primarily concerned its subject matter. Some theorists emphasized its eclectic character and the methodological and theoretical wanderings present in the discussions at the time, attempting to challenge a clear and precise subject determination. But all the trials and great debates that the new scientific discipline went through did not only reveal its theoretical and methodological blunders, but primarily demonstrated the complexity of the subject matter it researches. The ever-present dynamics of the development of international relations between the two world wars further intensified the feeling of frustration and the impossibility of establishing a relevant perception of the new world reality. The new discipline also shed light on the accelerated changes that pushed world relations in the direction of a new global conflict. In its one-hundred-year-long history, the development of WMO as a scientific discipline has gone through four major debates which, despite the intensity of theoretical discussions and methodological challenges, ultimately contributed to its overall constitution as a scientific discipline. Additionally, there is a greater awareness that the shifting of theoretical paradigms is also inherent in other sciences, which are much more exact than political sciences as a whole, and specifically the new discipline that studies international relations.
The revision of German Nazi past
Authors: Vuković Slobodan
Published: November 2020

The first part of the paper analyses the revision of German Nazi past symbolically initiated by the visit of Reagan to the Bitburg Cemetery and later Nolte's text in which the author stated that Hitler defended Europe from "Asian barbarism" and that Germans should not be burdened with "moral responsibility". The second part of the paper deals with the reaction of German historians and the cultural and political public to the book by Daniel Goldhagen which proved that crimes were committed voluntarily by "ordinary Germans". The third part presents an analysis of the phenomenon where Serbs were equated with fascists in order to relativize Nazism and free the German nation from guilt for its Nazi past. For the German political elite, journalists and the dominant cultural elite, Serbs became the "new bad guys" and in this narrative from Nazi victims they became "Nazi criminals".
Russian foreign policy and Russian-Serbian relations
Authors: Bocan-Harčenko Aleksandar
Published: November 2020

The article outlines the basic principles of Russian foreign policy and traces their implementation in the context of the strategic partnership between Russia and Serbia. In 2020, the world celebrates related jubilees, the 75th anniversary of the Victory in the Second World War and the establishment of the UN. Russia, as one of the principal architects of the World Organization, advocates the strengthening of the UN central role in international affairs and fostering a polycentric and fair world order based on the rule of international law, primarily the UN Charter. Harmonization of integration processes in various parts of the world is essential. To that end, President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin introduced the initiative of the Greater Eurasian Partnership. Conscious of its special responsibility for maintaining peace and security, Russia is committed to promoting political and diplomatic settlement of crises and working with all interested countries in order to build a global common space of equal and indivisible security and strategic stability. Russia aims at further dynamic development of mutually beneficial cooperation with Serbia across a wide range of fields. A trust-based high-level political dialogue plays the decisive role. Russian stance on the Kosovo settlement remains unchanged and is based on UN SC Resolution 1244.
The nature and character of the European Union and the problem of representative democracy
Authors: Čupić Zoran
Published: November 2020

After more than three decades of primarily economic expansion, the European Union has entered a much more sensitive phase of its development. It has set off on "a road less travelled" concerning these forms of supranational organization - political integration. The result is in every sense a unique and extraordinary creation, albeit unfinished, unprecedented in the history of international relations, particularly in the area of supranational integration. That is why one of the key issues requiring explanation is whether the functioning of the European Union is really based on representative democracy, and, in this context, whether political parties, as its chief exponent in nation-states, contribute to "the formation of European political awareness and the expression of the will of citizens of the Union" at the European level. If we take into account the existing constitutional order of the European Union and the place of Europarties in it - their role, formal, legal and procedural framework of action not yet clearly defined - it is obvious that they are not able to contribute to "the formation of European political awareness and the expression of the political will of the Union citizens".
The return of Russia: Russia in the 21st century
Authors: Perišić Srđan
Published: November 2020

The author analyzes the geopolitical restoration of Russia during the first two decades of the 21st century. The starting point is that liberalism and globalism have been trying for four decades to remove all forms of geopolitical differences from the public, societal and political sphere, i.e. all cultural, national, religious, ideological, state variances. This was labelled the end of history. However, despite this, for the last 20 years we have witnessed a return of history. The author shows that the return of history is reflected in the return of Russia to the world stage not only as a great power, but by a general geopolitical renewal in Russia itself. The paper gives three descriptions and analyses of that return. First, the paper analyzes the character of the new Russia. The geopolitical identity and certain geopolitical practices of Russia are examined. Second, the ideological character of the Russian return is considered, which as such represents an alternative to Western liberalism and globalization. Third, the doctrinal determinants of the security and military dimensions of Russia's geopolitics are analyzed.
COVID 19: Radiological methods and characteristics of radiological findings
Authors: Stojadinović Milica , Sekulić Danijela , Vasin Dragan , Mašulović Dragan
Published: November 2020

COVID - 19 is a 21st-century pandemic. Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease - COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease-19), zoonose. The virus was previously known as the 2019 novel coronavirus. A non-specific and most common clinical and radiological finding is pneumonia, which was called novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia (NCIP) duo to its previous virus name. Pneumonia is bilateral, peripheral localization, and basal distribution. So far, there is no specific treatment or vaccine to prevent COVID-19; all measures consist of supportive therapy. The clinical presentation varies in severity from asymptomatic to mild form of the disease, over severe forms to fatal outcomes. Depending on the stage of COVID-19, the findings obtained using radiological methods also depend. About half of the patients have a normal CT scan within the first two days of the onset of the disease. However, the occurrence of pathological findings reaches its maximum between days 9 and 13. At first, the zones of "ground glass" opacification are present, followed by the discovery of "crazy paving" , and then the development of consolidation. With the improvement of the disease, fibrosis zones occur, and the changes recede one month and beyond. Echosonography has an important place in the monitoring and management of severe patients in intensive care units, and especially in lung conditions.
Airway management in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Stamenković Dušica , Popadić Ana , Vranjanac Aleksandar , Stojaković Miloš , Tanović Ivana , Milošević Nikolina , Nešković Vojislava , Vuković Rade , Stojić Mihajilo , Lađević Nebojša , Jovanović Gordana , Udovičić Ivo , Zeba Snježana , Dobrosavljević Živadin , Damjanović Nebojša , Radović Nevena , Rondović Goran
Published: November 2020

SARS-CoV-2 virus causes COVID-19, which is characterized by a high level of aerosol spreading of viral particles. Aerosol generating procedures are high-risk procedures for anesthesiologists and necessities expensive high level protective personal equipment (PPE) (level 3). The problem with COVID-19 is the high number of patients, which presents an economic burden for the health care system and country, and causes issues with human and equipment resources. Airway protocols vary among hospitals like three gloves technique, videolaryngoscope, FFP3 masks, eye protection, and additional shield. All parts of the anesthesiologist's body need to be covered with protective equipment. Extubation is also considered as high risk from the point of aerosol production, and PPE level 3 is required. Patient monitoring for early warning signs leads to intubation, which is predicted and planned. The patient is preoxygenated, fully relaxed, without mask ventilation as rapid sequence intubation. The suggested time for intubation is 30 s, immediate cuff inflation, followed by a tube connecting with the machine for mechanical ventilation. Capnography serves for the tracheal intubation confirmation. Supraglottic devices and cryccothyteothomy are reserved for situation can't intubate-can't oxygenate. Airway procedures are considered as high-risk procedure, and the most experienced anesthesiologist should perform them in the shortest possible time. The best solution is to have an airway dedicated team, educated in simulation center for this specifiec type of intubation, proper planning, prepared and checked medications and equipment.
Protocol of mechanical ventilation and prevention of complications in critical care of patients with COVID-19: First version for Serbia
Authors: Nešković Vojislava , Dobrosavljević Živadin , Rondović Goran , Popadić Ana , Vranjanac Aleksandar , Stojaković Miloš , Tanović Ivana , Milošević Nikolina , Vuković Rade , Stojić Mihajilo , Lađević Nebojša , Jovanović Gordana , Udovičić Ivo , Zeba Snježana , Damjanović Nebojša , Stamenković Dušica
Published: November 2020

In December 2019, a new Corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as responsible for outbreak of viral pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The World Health Organization has announced a pandemic of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) on March 2nd 2020. COVID-19 is a respiratory infection where majority of patients have mild clinical symptoms. About 14% of patients require hospitalization and oxygen therapy and 5% of patients require admission to the intensive care unit. The most severe clinical cases include ARDS, sepsis and septic shock, acute renal failure, multiorgan dysfunction, and myocardial damage. Spread of the infection so far indicates that the number of patients requiring hospital admition and intensive care treatment will significantly burden the health care system in all countries. Several intensive and critical care protocols, based on the first experiences in treatment of viral pneumonia and severe COVID-19 illness, have already been published. Here we present the first version of a suggested protocol in our country, with an attached flowchart for the initial management of the COVID-19 patients in need for mechanical ventilation. The protocol is based on the worldwide existing experience in treatment of COVID-19 patients. The intention is not to replace the clinical experience and critical judgment of the attending doctors, but to strengthen their decisions and tailor treatment according to the recourses existing in our country.
Perioperative strategy during pandemic caused by SARS CoV-2 virus: Perioperative strategy during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Stojić Mihailo , Udovičić Ivo , Vranjanac Aleksandar , Popadić Ana , Radović Nevena , Jaćimović Daliborka , Mladenović Katarina , Maksimović Duško , Nešković Vojislava , Stamenković Dušica
Published: November 2020

The main feature of the SARS CoV-2 virus pandemic is the collapse of the health care system due to a large number of patients. This situation requires strict perioperative control of the infection to suppress the transmission of pathogens among surgical patients. Reduction of residual contamination of the working environment requires a combination of deep cleaning with disinfectants and ultraviolet C radiation. Intubation is a high-risk procedure for virus transmission and demands rigorous respect of personal protection for anesthesia providers, including a protective mask (FFP 2, FFP3), two pairs of gloves ("double gloves technique") and goggles, and disinfectant near the anesthesiology team. The workspace needs pre-planning and control of the movement through the so-called "green" and "red" zones. Before surgery, maintaining of patient's hygiene is important - including hair and body washing with antiseptic skin cleanser gel, rinse of the oral and nasal cavity and hand washing. During preoperative preparation, identification of COVID-19 infection is necessary. If the patient is febrile and the test results show the existence of a lung infection, SpO2 ≤ 90% of unknown cause and the operation is not urgent, the anesthesiologist should inform the patient, family, and surgeon that the operation should be postponed. If the patient is tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, elective surgery is delayed until the complete recovery of the patient, which includes a negative test and recovery from COVID-19. Patient should recover in the operating room after extubation. The surgical mask should be placed over an oxygen mask. Patient is transported with a surgical mask on his face to the ward directly.
Discovering the Traits of Personality in Anesthesiologists at Different Stages of Emotional Burnout Syndrome
Authors: Kokoshko Alexey , Nurilya Maltabarova Nurilya , Abduldayeva Aigul , Smailova Galiya , Shanazarov Nasrulla
Published: November 2020

To date, intensive care medicine, anesthesiology, and resuscitation are medical spheres that deal with lifesaving issues, particularly the treatment of patients in critical or life-threatening situations. The profession of anesthesiologist-resuscitator is relatively new, although it has centuries-old prehistory. The study aims to identify personality traits that predispose to the formation of emotional burnout syndrome in anesthesiologists-resuscitators. The research was performed at the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Departments of the regional healthcare facilities in Astana and Akmola cities. Findings obtained through this research confirm the hypothesis that personality traits in anesthesiologists-resuscitators are factors that facilitate the development of emotional burnout syndrome. Such a discovery necessitates the prevention of personality destructions as well as the establishment of conditions to reduce them in the case of occurrence. Proper arrangement of the work schedule and a favorable working environment allows preventing the emotional burnout among employees.
Scope of Social Work Practice for Families of Children with Down Syndrome
Authors: Khan Bilal Ahmad , Zargar Wakar Amin , Najar Shabir Ahmad
Published: November 2020

ocial work practice takes place at micro, mezzo, and macro levels between persons with disabilities in families and other social institutions, such as schools, health systems, and welfare systems. Drawing from multidisciplinary theoretical sources, the article brings together social work and family therapy to develop a possible social work intervention for families of children with Down syndrome. The primary purpose of these interventions is to aid clients in alleviating problems and improving their well being. Social workers must think creatively about interventions that may help the individuals, couples, families, and groups or communities they serve. This research is using the literature study method. The results confirm that numerous concerns have to be addressed faced by children with Down syndrome. Toward various issues and challenges faced by people with Down syndrome and their families, social workers have the professional responsibility to provide services and intervention to increase the children with Down syndrome's social functioning and overall well-being of parents.
Features of Non-Verbal Communication of Children with Intellectual Disabilities and Differences from their Normatively Developing Peers
Authors: Zashchirinskaia Oksana V.
Published: November 2020

Objective: The study aimed to study the specific features of non-verbal communication in children with intellectual disabilities in the dynamics of psychological impact.
Background: In the 21st century, in terms of diagnostics and the implementation of psychological influences, the problem of identifying the features of the communication skills of children with intellectual disabilities becomes very significant and urgent. At present, intellectual disabilities are understood as a heterogeneous group of intellectual impairments, different in clinical manifestations, but based on the criterion of a decrease in cognitive development. A comparatively large number of works are devoted to the study of the features of the communication skills of children with intellectual disabilities. However, the research on their non-verbal communication skills is rather small.
Method: The experimental research was conducted in three stages – first, the initial level of development of the abilities of recognition, naming and use of various communicative, modal and descriptive-pictorial gestures was measured.
Results: After that, for ten lessons with children, the program "Lessons of non-verbal communication at school" was carried out, after which abilities were tested repeatedly. Parents and teachers were also interviewed twice.
Conclusion: The study was carried out based on educational institutions outside school hours. The study involved 128 children from 6 schools in St. Petersburg. Non-verbal communication of children with mild mental retardation in comparison with normatively developing peers and with mixed specific psychological disorders is characterised by a lower level of development of cognitive, emotional-personal and behavioural components. Moreover, the most pronounced is the underdevelopment of the cognitive component, which is associated with the peculiarities of the impairment of intelligence. The study also showed that the emotional-personal and behavioural components are at a more preserved level of development in children with intellectual disabilities, which can be interpreted as the compensatory ability of the child's psyche.
Spiritual Culture Formation of Young Teachers in the System of Higher Education: The Way for Social Maturity Development
Authors: Asetova Zhannur , Abildina Saltanat , Anesova Albina Zh. , Kystaubayeva Zaure , Ryskeldina Anar
Published: November 2020

The formation of spiritual culture should be based on the principles that guide every teacher in the implementation of their pedagogical skills in direct learning. The purpose of our study is to substantiate that young teachers' social maturity is characterized not only by the level of knowledge, development of their orientations but also by the degree of personal spiritual culture. We have applied the method of diagnosing a level of young teacher's social maturity development as a moderator in the search for spiritual values, but also a participant in the formation of personal spiritual culture directly at the student himself. Diagnostic sections have shown that the index of general social maturity of young teachers who shape the spiritual culture of students, is growing much faster compared to the young teachers who didn't show the activity of this kind. From the experimental data, it follows that young teachers' activity in creating a pedagogical environment of their school is an effective factor in the intensification of their social maturity formation. Investigating the problem of the formation of social maturity of the individual, a certain system of personal orientations develops, which serves as the basis of spiritual culture, which the student can choose. The authors show that such an opportunity can only be implemented with the teacher's integrated participation as a carrier of moral values. The study's novelty is determined by the fact that each of the participants in the educational process seeks to realize the share and type of moral views for the fulfillment of their personal interests. The study's practical significance is determined by the fact that spiritual culture can be based not only on its private but also on its public perception.
Study of Psychological Satisfaction of Population with Services of the Primary Health Care Integrated into Public Health
Authors: Yessimov Nabi , Izmailova Nailya , Yessimov Dauletkhan
Published: November 2020

The article aims to examine public opinion to achieve a synergistic effect and thereby integrate primary patient feedback in the organization of the promotion of primary care and public health. The leading method to the study of this problem is the questionnaire survey that has afforded revealing issues of regulation of primary and public health care, and in particular, the state of the psychological attitude of patients to primary health care integrated into the public health system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In order to study the organization of the Primary Health Care System integrated into Public Health Service, 400 healthcare workers were questioned. The authors also analyzed socio-psychological factors that affect the quality of the provision of qualified primary health care. The practical novelty of the study is that the organization of the synergic system of primary health care and public health is implemented based on the public administration system and local systems of public health evaluation. It was concluded that it is more expedient to build a system of integration of primary health care and public health based on feedback from the people and a formation of a spatially distributed network of public medical organizations, which will reduce the burden on, particularly busy areas.
FURTHER EXPLORATION ON THE EFFECT OFNEGATIVE-ENERGY MODES IN THENONLINEAR INSTABILITIES
Authors: HE KAI-FEN  ,   北京师范大学低能核物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The nonlinear variations of the eigenvectors are discussed on the basis of Ref. [1, 2]. It is shown that relative to a steady wave the nonlinear eigen frequency allows for both forward and backward transports. Their eigenvectors deflect in the Fourier space as compared to the linear case. The positive (P-) and negative (N-) energy modes can be defined in the nonlinear case according to the relative strength of the forward and backward eigenvectors of the perturbations. Based on this definition the effect of N-mode on the nonlinear instabilities is further studied. The results are in consistency with the conclusion in Ref. [1,2]. The bista-bility of wavepacket is associated with the transition of a resonance N-mode to a p-mode, in particular its eigenvector is discontinuous in the parameter space; The Hop f bifurcation of a steady wavepacket is associated with the resonance of a N-mode to a p-mode. As a result re-connections occur between their eigenvectors of forward and backward perturbations respec-tively. With the increase of nonlinearity, the p-mode first and the N-mode following next change their energy types. Consequently there exists a parameter regime where both modes become N-type. This regime coincides with that of the Hopf bifurcation. This fact strongly supports the conjecture that the excitation of N-modes induces the nonlinear (Hopf) bifurcation.
FAR-INFRARED ABSORPTION IN SMALL METAL PARTICLE-INSULATOR COMPOSITE
Authors: CAO XIAO-HUI  , HUANG RONG-FANG  , WEN LI-SHI  , SHI CHANG-XU  ,   中国科学院金属研究所
Published: November 2020

Using effective media theory to calculate far-infrared absorption in small metal partiele insulator composite, when there is a uniform and continuous shape distribution in the small metal particles, the absorption spectrum of the surface plasma in the small metal particles,which widens the absorption peak of the composite. This effect can lead to the anomalous far infrared absorption.
VALENCE-BAND OFFSETS AT St/Ge STRAINED HETEROINTERFACES UNDER DIFFERENT STRAIN CONDITIONS
Authors: KE SAN-HUANG  , HUANG MEI-CHUN  , WANG REN-ZHI  ,   厦门大学物理系
Published: November 2020

This paper presents a theoretical determination of valence-band offsets (VBO' s) on (001 ) and (110) interfaces for St/Ge system under different strain conditions, by making use of an average bond energy theory in conjunction with a deformation potential method. The quantitative relationship between the VBO's and the strain condition (characterized by the composition x in substrate Si1-xGex ) is demonstrated. It is shown that the discontinuity be tween the two average valence-band energies is affected little by the strain condition, while,the discontinuity between the two tops of valence-band has a sensitive dependance on the strain condition, and this effect is mainly due to the alteration of the valence-band structure induced by the uniaxial stress. It is found that the VBO value on (110) interface is somewhat smaller than those on (001 ) interface. i. e., there is a weak relevance to the lattice orienta tion. Present results of VBO's are 0. 74 eV for Ge on St(001 ) and 0. 22 eV for St on Ge(001 ), in very good agreement with experimental data:(0. 74 + 0. 13) eV and (0. 17 + 0. 13)eV, respectively.
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS OF SLOW COPPER CLUSTERS DEPOSITION
Authors: LI RONG-WU  , PAN ZHENG-YING  , HUO YU-KUN  ,   复旦大学物理二系,上海200433;中国科学院上海冶金研究所离子束开放研究实验室,上海200050
Published: November 2020

The depositing process of (Cu)13 cluster, on Cu(001) surface with icosahedral structure and en-ergy ranging from 5 to 20 eV per atom, is investigated by molecular-dynamics simulations. A many-body hybrid potential, which is a combination of the tight-binding with Moliere potential, is used. The dynamic behavior of deposition is studied by taking the "snapshots" of cluster-substrate interac-tion. It is found that the cluster atoms rearrange and form epitaxial layers on the surface without cre-ating point defects after full relaxation at low energy. A clear trend of deeper penetration of the clus-ter atoms into the substrate with increasing energy is observed. A cluster with energy 20 eV per atom completely embeds itself inside the substrate while creating radiation damage. Energy analyses show that the cluster atoms activate the substrate atoms in impact regjon through collective collisions in a very short time (some tenth picoseconds), and provide energies for the migration and reconstruction of atoms.
THE FEATURES OF LATTICE VIBRATION OF KTP SINGLE CRYSTAL
Authors: XIA HAI-RUI  , LI LI-XIA  , WANG JI-YANG  ,   山东大学物理系实验中心晶体材料研究所,济南250100
Published: November 2020

The Raman spectra of KTP single crystal that is an excellent material applicable to the nonlinear optical devices have been obtained. And its features are discussed in some detail in terms of group the-ory, lattice dynamics and ligand field theory.
STATISTICAL THEORY OF HELICAL STRUCTURE IN SmC* LIQUID CRYSTALS
Authors: QIAN XIANG-ZHONG  ,   淮南矿业学院基础部,淮南232001
Published: November 2020

With cell model, the orientional order parameter, the positional order parameter and the orien-tion and position coupling order parameter are defined on cell center. By choice of interaction potential of biaxial molecules with a permanent electric dipole moment transverse to the molecular long axis, the free energy of the system is obtained . A differential equation of the director is derived by calculating the variation with respect to free energy, and the director tilt and helical change about the normal of molecular layer are obtained. The approximate formulas of tilt angle and pitch for three classic SmC* Liquid crystals of DOBAMBC, etc., are presented. The calculated results agree satis-factorily with the experimental ones.
BLUE LIGHT EMISSION FROM POROUS SILICON AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE MECHANISM
Authors: LIN JUN  , ZHANG LI-ZHU  , CHEN ZHI-JIAN  , SONG HAI-ZHI  , YAO DE-CHENG  , DUAN JIA-QI  , FU JI-SHI  , ZHANG BO-RUI  , QIN GUO-GANG  ,   北京大学物理系,中国科学技术大学研究生院
Published: November 2020

We have sysmatically studied the porous silicon (PS) that emits blue light with a peak energy at 2.7 eV; measuring its time-resoluted photoluminescence (PL) spectra and the local vibration mode absorption, and studying the Gamma ray lrradlatlon effect on its PL spectra and comparing the effect with that for the PS which emits red or yellow light. We have also studied the stabability of the blue light emission from PS after long term storage in air and irradiation with laser and ultroviolet light. our experimental resuits and those in other references for blue light emission from PS are contradictory with the quantum confinement model, but can be explained by the quantum confintjnlent/luminescence centers model. We consider that the blue light emission originates from some characteristic luminescence centers in the SiOx layer covering nanoscale silicon in PS.
EFFECTS OF THE AHARONOV-BOHM FLUX TO THE SOLITON IN A ONE-DIMENSIONAL FERROMAGNETIC RING
Authors: CHEN HAO  , CHEN YUAN  ,   华南师范大学物理系,广州510631
Published: November 2020

Effects of the Aharonov-Bohm flux to the soliton in a one-dimensional ferromagnetic ring are investigated. The effects on the peak, the width, the rest energy and the effective mass of the soliton by the Aharonov-Bohm flux are shown.
THE VALENCE BAND STRUCTURES AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF STRAINED GaAs LAYERS GROWN ON THE GexSi1-x(001) SUBSTRATES
Authors: XU ZHI-ZHONG  ,   复旦大学物理系
Published: November 2020

The valence band structures and third order nonlinear optical susceptibility of strained GaAs layers grown on the GexSi1-x(001) substrates were calculated in tight-binding frame.The results show that the strain makes the effective mass of holes as well as the dentity of state for the valence band decrease and makes the nonlinear optical susceptibility with polarity in (001) plane xxxxx(3) grow.
THREE-PHOTON RESONANT POLARIZING IONIZATION SPECTRA OF ETHYLBENZENE
Authors: ZHAO QING-CHUN  , LIN MEI-RONG  , LIU YAO-MING  , ZHANG BAO-ZHENG  , CHEN WEN-JU  ,   (1)南开大学现代光学研究所,天津300071; (2)南开大学现代光学研究所,天津300071;华大学现代应用物理系北京100084
Published: November 2020

The polarized characteristic of multiphoton process can be used to assign the symmetries of electronic states and vibrational structures. In this paper the polarizing ratios of some kinds of degenerate three-photon transitional tensors are calculated. Besides, the three-photon resonant polarizing ioniza-tion spectra of ethylbenzene are measured. The highly excited electronic state which is responsible for the transition is referred as A" and the vibrational structures of this electronic state are also obtained.
THE PREPARATION OF FOCK STATES BY QUANTUM MEASUREMENTS IN A KERR MEDIA AND THE INFLUENCE OF SELF-PHASE MODULATION
Authors: ZHOU WEI  , XUE QIU-HAN  , GUO GUANG-CAN  ,   中国科学技术大学物理系,合肥230026
Published: November 2020

A scheme for the preparation of a Fock state is proposed. We study two lights interacting in a Kerr media with self-phase modulation. The signal light and the probe light whose initial states are both coherent states will be entangled via interaction, then when a quadrature component of the probe light is measured, the photon number distribution of the signal light is modulated. Repeating the process, we find the signal will collapse into a Fock state finally, and the physical principle of this evolution is based on the cross-phase modulation, the self-phase modulation may hinder the preparation of a Fock state.
RADIATIVE TRANSITION OF Rb ATOM BETWEEN INITIAL AND FINAL CHANNELS
Authors: WANG JIAN-GUO  , TONG XIAO-MIN  , LI JIA-MING  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

As an extension of theoretical study of transition from an initial state to a final channel,the initial states with same angular momentum form varied initial channels. By defining anew renormalized matrix element, the atomic radiative processes from an initial channel to afinal channel can be treated in an unified manner. As an example, we present here the renor-malized matrix element of Rb atom between initial and final channels.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM SPIN GLASS THEORY(Ⅲ) ──REPLICA SYMMETRY BREAKING SOLUTION
Authors: YI LIN  , YAO KAI-LUN  ,   华中理工大学物理系,中国高等科学技术中心
Published: November 2020

Using generalized Parisi's replica symmetry breaking scheme, the quantum spin glass theory proposed by our previous work is extended to the first-step replica symmetry breaking. A set of new self-consistent equations of spin self-interact ions and spin glass order parameters are obtained. The corresponding local susceptibility is reduced. It is found that the replica symmetry solution for vector spin glass model at low temperature must be broken through calculating the free-energy of the replica symmetry breaking.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LATTICE GREEN'S FUNCTIONS FOR THE SEMI-INFINITE AND THE INFINITE SQUARE LATTICES AND ITS APPLICATION
Authors: XU ZHI-HUA  , FAN HONG-YI  ,   中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程系,合肥230026
Published: November 2020

Based on Ref. [3](Acta Physica Sinica, 44(1995), 987(in Chinese)), we have derived the relations between lattice Green's functions for the semi-infinite square lattice and the infinite square lattice. The partial density of states and the formation condition of the surface localized state are calculated by virtue of lattice Green's function for the semi-infinite square lattice.
APPROCHING TO SATURATION OF Ni/NiO INTERFACE
Authors: WANG WEN-NAI  , JIANG ZHENG-SHENG  , SANG HAI  , CHENG GUANG-XU  , GE XIANG  , DU YOU-WEI  ,   南京大学固体微结构国家重点实验室,微结构科学技术高等研究中心
Published: November 2020

The magnetic properties investigated by experiment on the Ni/NiO interface of Ni/NiO multi-thin layers and surface-NiO-coated Ni ultra fine particles are reported. At temperatures below 80 K, an abnormal enhanced magnetization under external magnetic field (H = 40kOe) was found. The enhanced magnetization decreases quickly with temperature increasing.The high field (5-65 kOe) magnetization (approching to saturation) of ultrafine particles and multi-thin layers were also measured. The fit results for experimental data indicate that the interface Ni/NiO in Ni/NiO UFP and Ni/NiO ML have inhomogenous spin structure.
A COMPARISON OF EMISSION CROSS SECTIONS IN COLLISIONS BETWEEN N+2-Ne AND N+-Ne
Authors: LI DA-WAN  , PAN GUANG-YAN  , YANG FENG  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The excited states produced in collisions of N+2 and N+ with Ne have been studied by using emission spectroscopy. The emission spectra show that there are four processes of the excitation in these collision systems,namely:(1)Direct excitation of target;(2)Direct excitation of atomic projectile;(1)Direct excitation of molecular ion;(4)Charge exchange excitation. The emission cross sections for each spectral line are calculated . Acomparison of emission cross sections in collisions between N+2-Ne and N+-Ne is made. Some differences are found and the primary results have been discussed qualitatively.
INVESTIGATION ON STRUCTURE,SPECTRUM AND LINEAR DICHROISM OF Snpc POLYCRYSTALLINE FILMS
Authors: CHEN LING-BING  , A. WAGIKI  , T. AUZAWA  , M.YAMASHITA  , T. TAKO  ,   (1)Faculty of Science and Engineering,Science University of Tokyo,Japan; (2)复旦大学物理系
Published: November 2020

Vacuum sublimed Snpc films with a-form and β-form polycrystalline structures were prepared and characterized by optical absorption spectrum and X-ray diffraction measurements. Films grown on anisotropic substrates were measured for polarization absorption. The partially oriented β-SnPc film was found to possess large linear dichroism and the dichromatic absorption axis rotated over 90 degrees when going from the blue side to the red side of the Q exciton band. A new band near 530 urn was observed which was believed to be an inter-molecular charge-transfer excitation band.
ACCELERATING EFFECT OF HIGH DENSITY ELECTRO-PULSING UPON STRUCTURE RELAXATION AND CRYSTALLIZATION OF AMORPHOUS ALLOY
Authors: CHAO YUE-SHENG  , SUN SHAO-QUAN  , TENG GONG-QING  , LAI ZU-HAN  ,   东北大学理学院
Published: November 2020

High density electropulsing and vacuum annealing treatments of amorphous alloy Ｆｅ７３Ｎｉ５Ｓｉ８Ｂ１４ have been carried out. The microstructural change and crystallization behavior after treating were investigated by M?ssbauer spectroscopy and TEM techniques. The experimental results show that the "electron wind " induced by high density current promotes the structure of amorphous alloy to be more relaxed and crystallized as compared with annealing treatment. And, The accelerating effect is further enhanced with an increase of current density.