bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yeni Dünya Düzeninde Farklılıkları Güce Dönüştürmek: Kapsayıcı Liderlik
Authors: Alioğulları Zişan Duygu
Published: December 2023

yüzyılın iş dünyasında, farklı kültürlerden en yetenekli kişilerle çalışmak örgütlere rekabet avantajı ve başarı sağlayacaktır. Rekabetin ve değişimin yüksek olduğu iş dünyasında, örgütlerin yetenekli çalışanları bünyelerinde istihdam etmeleri giderek zorlaşmaktadır. Kültürel farklılıkların yönetilerek çalışanların sorunsuz bir arada tutulmasında ve kültürel çeşitliliğin rekabet avantajı haline getirilmesinde liderler öncü rol üstlenmektedir. Geleneksel liderlik tarzlarının değişen bu koşullara uyum sağlayamadıkları görülmüştür. Bu durum, kapsayıcı liderlik kavramının iş hayatında daha fazla önem kazanmasına sebep olmuştur. Kapsayıcı liderler, farklı kültür ve düşünce yapısına sahip çalışanların ayrıştırılmadan bir araya getirilmesini, bu farklılıkların başarıyla yönetilebilmesini ve çalışanların liderleriyle etkin iletişim kurmasını sağlayan kişilerdir. Ayrıca kapsayıcı lider, örgütlerde olumlu iş ortamının oluşmasına yardım ederek çalışanlarına her türlü yardım ve desteği vermektedir. Buna ilaveten, tüm çalışanlarını karar alma süreçlerine dahil ederken bunu eşitlik ve adalet temelinde gerçekleştirir.

Bu çalışmada, kapsayıcılık kavramı ele alınarak kapsayıcı liderlik tanımı detaylı bir şekilde açıklanmıştır. Çalışmada, kapsayıcı liderlik üzerine yapılan tanımlar ile alan yazınındaki çalışmalar birleştirilerek yeni bir bakış açışı oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Yapılan literatür taramasında bu yönde bir derlemenin olmadığı görülerek, kapsayıcı liderlik ile iş sonuçları arasındaki bağlantının ortaya konulmasının faydalı olacağı görülmüştür. Kapsayıcı liderlik kavramına ilişkin hususların geniş çerçevede değerlendirildiği bu çalışma, alan yazınına ve gelecek araştırmacılara önemli bilgiler sunmuştur. Ayrıca, çalışmada kapsayıcı liderliğin boyutları ve literatürde bulunan ölçüm araçlarına da yer verilmiştir. Buna bağlamda, kapsayıcı liderliğin, örgütlerdeki ve bireylerdeki olumlu sonuçları da belirlenmiştir. Bu bilgiler ışığında, kapsayıcı liderliğin, toplumsal sürdürülebilirlik ve örgüt bağlamındaki pek çok probleme çözüm olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çerçevede, iş dünyasındaki sorunlara yönelik liderlere, yöneticilere ve örgüt üst yönetimine bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.
İkinci Ev Turizmi: Kırsal İçin Bir Risk mi Yoksa Kırsal Kalkınma İçin Fırsat mı?
Authors: Uysal Davut
Published: December 2023

Bu kitap bölümünde özellikle ülkemizde yaygın bir turizm formu olan ikinci ev turizminin tanımının ve kapsamının yapılması,  ikinci ev turizmi faaliyetinin bir turizm faaliyeti olup olmadığının tartışılması, turizm bağlamında ikinci ev sektörünün ekonomik, çevresel ve sosyo-kültürel etkilerinin belirlenmesi, ikinci ev kaynaklı dış göçler ve kırsalın yeniden yapılandırılması kavramlarına yönelik literatür taraması ve bulgulara dayalı Türkiye bağlamında çıkarımlara ulaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla “ikinci ev turizmi” ve “kırsal turizm” kelimeleri (Türkçe ve İngilizce) arama sözcükleri google akademik üzerinden girilmiş ve ilgili literatürde detaylı bir arama gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ulaşılabilen kaynaklar  ikinci ev turizminin tanımı, ikinci ev turizmin ekonomik, sosyokültürel ve çevresel etkileri özelinde değerlendirilmiştir. Sosyoekonomik etki kapsamında kırsalda yerel halkın yerinden edilmesi boyutunada odaklanılmıştır. Literatür taramasına dayalı elde edilen bulgulara göre özellikle Türkiye bağlamına yönelik çıkarımlarda bulunulmuştur. Bu çalışma özellikle turizmin tüm yıla yayılmasına yönelik çabaların yoğunlaştığı günümüzde, ikinci ev turizminin yaygın olduğu ülkemiz için değerli bulgular ileri sürmesinden dolayı anlamlı bir çalışma olduğu ifade ed
Sürdürülebilir Bakış Açısıyla Turizm Kaynaklarının Değerlendirilmesi: İskenderun Örneği
Authors: Demirtaş Nihat , Yılmaz Rıdvan
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin eşsiz kültürel mozaiğine sahip illerinden biri olan Hatay ve onun İlçesi İskenderun'un sahip olduğu turizm potansiyeli ele alınarak yerelde ekonomik ve sosyal unsurlar üzerindeki etkileri sürdürülebilir turizm kapsamında nasıl değerlendirilebileceği üzerinde çalışılmıştır. İskenderun’un antik ismi Alexandreia’dır. Hellen diline göre, Alexandros (İskender) Yurdu anlamındadır. Aynı adı taşıyan diğer kentlerden ayrılması için İskenderun’a Roma döneminde, Alexandreia Minor (Küçük Alexandreia), Haçlılar döneminde ise Alexandretta denmiştir. İskenderun ve çevresi tarihinden taşıdığı yapılara, kültürel çeşitliliğe ve doğal güzelliklere sahiptir. Şehir sanayi özelliğiyle bilinse de sahip olduğu turizm kaynaklarının eklemlenmesiyle turizm adına da söz sahibi olabilecek konumdadır. İlçenin sahip olduğu doğal ve beşeri kaynaklarının ortaya konmasıyla sahip olduğu endüstriyel gücün turizmle güçlendirilmesi başta turizm yatırımları olmak üzere pek çok konuda sinerji yaratabilecek yapıdadır. Nitekim UNESCO şehri seçilen Hatay’a giden güzegâhın üzerinde oluşu gerekse tatil ve dinlenme turizmiyle ön plana çıkmış Arsuz ilçesine olan yakınlığı ve İskenderun – Kıbrıs bağlantılı feribot seferleriyle turistik ziyaretler ve yatırımlar açısından belirli bir düzeye gelmiş olan İskenderun kabuğunu kırmak üzere olan şehirdir. İlçe, yaşanan deprem felaketinden sonra yaralarını sarma ve tekrar yapılanma dönemine girmiştir. Yakın dönem itibariyle şehrin yapılanma seyrini deprem öncesi ve deprem sonrası olarak ikiye ayırmak olasıdır. Gereken dersler çıkarıldığı takdirde felaketler ölümcül sonuçlara yol açamayacaktır. Bu itibarla gerekli önlem ve düzenlemelerle yola çıkılarak yapılacak yatırım ve restorasyonlar modern bir şehrin yaratılmasına da fırsat sağlayacaktır. Çalışmada sürdürülebilir bir yaklaşımla kaynakların değerlendirilmesi ekseninde ele alınmıştır. Esasen sürdürülebilirlik kaynakların kullanılmaması değildir. Kaynak kullanımının ekonomik – çevresel ve toplumsal yapı ve sistemler üzerinden bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla ilişkilendirilmesi ve değerlendirilmesidir. Bu bakış açısından hareketle İskenderun İlçesinde turizm unsurların devamını sağlamak, varlığını gelecek nesillere taşımak için yapılan çalışmalar sürdürülebilir turizm bakış açısıyla ele alınmış olup İskenderun İlçesinin turizm destinasyon varlığına bir katkı sunulması amaçlanmıştır.
Hizmet Kalitesi, Müşteri Memnuniyeti ve Davranış Niyetinin Turizm Sektörü Kapsamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kazan Adem , Güneş Erkan
Published: December 2023

Hizmet kalitesi ve müşteri memnuniyeti, hizmetin tekrar satın alınması, başkalarına tavsiye edilmesi veya işletmenin tekrar ziyaret edilmesi gibi müşterilerin davranışsal niyetlerini büyük ölçüde etkilemektedir. Özellikle hizmete dayalı endüstrilerde bu durum daha da ön plana çıkmaktadır. Hizmet endüstrisi içerisinde yer alan turizm sektöründe de bu değişkenlerin ele alınması önemlidir. Bu çalışmada hizmet kalitesi, müşteri memnuniyeti ve davranış niyeti ve bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişki turizm sektörü temelinde irdelenmiştir. Araştırmada ikincil kaynaklardan yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan literatür taraması sonucunda hizmet kalitesi ile müşteri memnuniyeti ve davranış niyeti arasında ilişki olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca hizmet kalitesinin müşteri memnuniyetini ve davranış niyetini olumlu etkilediği yapılan birçok çalışmada ortaya konmuştur. Dolayısıyla hizmet kalitesinin turizm sektörü açısından memnuniyet ve tekrar ziyaret açısından önemli bir unsur olduğu söylenebilir.
Hüzün Turizmi: Kavramsal Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Güneş Erkan , Güncü Arzu , Alagöz Gürkan
Published: December 2023

İnsanlık tarihsel süreç içerisinde çeşitli felaketlerle yüz yüze kalmıştır. Bu felaketler sel, deprem, tsunami, yangın, volkanik patlama gibi doğal, savaş, nükleer serpinti, kitlesel veya bireysel katliam gibi insan eliyle oluşturulan yapay sebeplerden meydana gelmiştir. Bu felaketlerin yaşandığı yerler bugün turistik anlamda değerlendirilebilmektedir. Hüzün turizmi olarak isimlendirilen bu turizm türü bugün katılımcı sayısı giderek artan bir fenomen halini almıştır. Hüzün alanları, hüzne konu olaylar, hüzün turizm motivasyonları ve bu alanları çekici kılan unsurlar her zaman merak konusu olmuştur. Bu çalışmada ulusal ve uluslararası alanyazın incelenerek hüzün turizminin durumu hakkında kavramsal bir çerçeve oluşturmak amaçlanmıştır.
THE EFFECT OF SATISFACTION WITH SERVICES AND TRUST IN PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS ON CITIZENS’ VOICE ORIENTATION: THE ROLE OF ETHICAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Authors: KAYACI Müslüm
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the causal relationships between satisfaction with services, trust in public organizations and the voice orientation of citizens through the perspective of the New Public Management. The moderating role of ethical public administration in these relationships is also investigated. Survey methodology with a sample of 586 citizens from Diyarbakır city is used to analyze proposed hypotheses. According to linear regression analyzes, political efficacy level of citizens is positively affected by satisfaction with services and trust in public organizations variables. On the other hand, political participation is only impacted by satisfaction with services positively. No significant relationship can be found between satisfaction with services and political participation. Public administration ethics has a positive moderator role on the relationship between satisfaction with services and voice orientation behaviors (political efficacy and political participation). It also positively moderates the relationship between trust in public organizations and voice orientation of citizens (political efficacy and political participation). This research provides findings about the New Public Management outcomes from different country contexts through first-hand data.
Agronegócio e economia urbana na Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza (CE)
Authors: Elias Denise , Leitão Felipe Rodrigues
Published: December 2023

Este artigo expõe resultados parciais de pesquisa em desenvolvimento que versa sobre o agronegócio na Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza, estado do Ceará. Temos aqui como objetivo principal analisar o papel desempenhado por Fortaleza e respectiva região metropolitana no oferecimento de produtos e serviços especializados para a realização do agronegócio cearense, assim como o papel de Fortaleza para a gestão do mesmo. Para orientar a pesquisa e a redação do artigo, baseamo-nos na tese que entende a cidade como lugar de reprodução de parte das condições materiais de reprodução do capital do agronegócio. Como elemento de argumentação para trabalhar tal tese, selecionamos o consumo produtivo da agropecuária, considerando que o mesmo é aquele inerente à reprodução dos meios de produção (bens e serviços), no caso, para a agropecuária. Concluímos que comércios e serviços voltados às demandas do agronegócio não só participam da economia urbana de alguns dos municípios da Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza, como compõem o circuito superior de tais economias, especialmente nesta metrópole. Da mesma forma, que Fortaleza é o centro de comando e gestão do agronegócio no estado do Ceará.
The effects of speed and terrain characteristics on the distribution of force and plantar pressure during the gait of children with different levels of physical activity
Authors: Laštro Dijana , Pilipović Spasojević Olivera , Muftić Mirsad
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The adoption of correct walking patterns is an indicator of the locomotor system readiness to establish optimal interaction between body force and the surface, and the way of creating pressure exerted by the feet during the walking cycle. The aim was to examine how the speed and characteristics of the terrain affect the distribution of force and plantar pressure during the gait of children with different levels of physical activity.

Methods. A prospective comparative study included 150 students aged 11–12 years and their parents from Banja Luka. According to the protocol, each group of subjects walked at average and maximum speed on flat and 5% inclined terrain. For the purposes of the research, the Physical Activity Questionnaire PAQ-C (The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children), a survey questionnaire for parents, measurement of anthropometric parameters and Zebris strips (Zebris Medical GmbH, Germany) were used for gait analysis.

Results. When walking at maximum speed in inactive subjects, the maximum force on the left (F(148) = 14.878, p < 0.001) and right (F(148) = 8.204, p < 0.001) heel decreased, while in moderately and highly active subjects it grew moderately. In highly active subjects, the highest value of maximum pressure was registered (d = -1.41 for the left leg and d = 1.36 for the right leg). When the slope of the terrain changes in inactive subjects, the maximum force on the front part of both feet decreased (F(148) = 5.043, p = 0.008, d = 0). The influence of terrain characteristics was such that walking on a 5% incline almost as a rule had greater effects on inactive children, while moderately and highly physically active children gave an adequate response when walking on the 5% incline.

Conclusion. Urbanization and new developments in society impose the need to involve children in organized activities so that children acquire the skills and demonstrate the competence they face in their environment.
Preservation of Indigenous Women's Traditions and Behavior Within The Framework of Cultural Relativism in Indigenous Communities (A Study of Empirical Approaches in Legal Anthropology)
Authors: Handayani Emy , Suparno Suparno
Published: December 2023

Customs and values within Indigenous communities form the basis of customary behavior in understanding human conduct, particularly in the context of Balinese indigenous women's behavior as guardians of tradition in an empirical approach to legal anthropology. This means that the legal norms used to observe the behaviors of Balinese indigenous women as custodians of indigenous traditions within the frame of cultural relativism represent legal realities apparent in legal situations or any legal events that genuinely occur within the indigenous community, as manifestations of the indigenous women's behaviors in preserving sacred traditions. This is based on an empirical approach to Legal Anthropology. Whether acknowledged or not by the indigenous community, the empirical approach to cultural relativism fundamentally holds a social and cultural value system that can serve as the social capital of the nation. The community's attitudes and behaviors rooted in tradition are guided by values believed to be true, exemplifying the traditional values and cultures passed down through generations and perceived as instruments for social control and religious values that guide human life, manifesting the preservation of local cultural relativism among the local indigenous community. Indigenous communities in these regions become the focal research site with the hope of safeguarding traditional values as a reinforcement of customary practices, the culture, and the traditions of the local indigenous community, which embody the manifestation of protected local wisdom governed by regional customary laws. The methodological approach utilized involves the Empirical Approach of Legal Anthropology linked with the theory of cultural relativism, leading to the conclusion that the approach involves field observations, interviews with research informants, and analyzing primary, secondary, and tertiary data sources through the lens of cultural relativism concerning the behaviors of indigenous women based on an empirical approach within the context of indigenous customary law.
Excessive Deadly Addiction Chewing Betel Quid as a double burden, For Poverty Community Kupang Regency, West Timor
Authors: Kloee Titu Eki Ardent , Ngadilah Christina
Published: December 2023

People's lives in developed countries are indeed in contrast to developing countries as well as in terms of behavior. Betel nut is estimated to be consumed by 10% -25% of the world's population. In East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, almost the entire population (21) districts consume betel nut, including the elderly, young people and school children, even those who are still studying in Early Education. About 80% of the population of Kupang Regency, West Timor, consume betel nut.even though the district Kupang is mostly poor. Possible Hazards in areca nut mixed with various other ingredients such as betel nut and lime produce adverse health effects including oral cancer and other systemic diseases, as well as having the potential for dependence such as smoking and alcohol. We conducted a survey of traditional leaders and community leaders who have been addicted to consuming betel nut for more than 20 years in Kab. Kupang West Timor in a poor community. A total of 10 participants conducted in-depth interviews regarding events using betel nut, related to customs and culture, and their relationship to health. It was stated by WHO that areca nut is a psychoactive substance and is a class 1 carcinogen. According to the community, consuming betel nut is exciting and has nothing to do with any disease. No one agrees to stop consuming betel Nut, and mostly do not agree to prevent children from consuming betel nut from an early age.
The geopolitical effect of the maritime factor on the spatial development of post-Soviet Russia: the Baltic case
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Druzhinin A.G. ,   Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Institute of Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

The article explores the impact of geopolitical processes on the spatial organisation of society, a matter that has gained increasing importance in Russia. It focuses on the utilization of the World Ocean and its coastlines for resource extraction, logistics, military-strategic purposes, and settlement. Methodologically, this study combines modern socio-geographical approaches emphasising the role of the maritime factor in spatial development with classical geopolitical ideologemes drawing a line between the land and the sea. It stresses the fundamental possibility for territories, including states, not only to acquire synthetic continental-maritime attributes but also to transform the balance of these attributes under the influence of geopolitical determinants. The article analyses geopolitically induced changes in the maritime activities pursued by Russia in the post-Soviet period. The primary focus is on the situational territorial and economic shifts of 2014 and 2022, and their implications for Russian territories in the Baltic region. Pronounced inter-basin differences are described with respect to the coastalisation of the population. The study also evaluates the economic condition of key Russian maritime centres and their resilience to external influences, especially geopolitical challenges. The article offers a geopolitical justification for Russia’s ongoing maritime endeavours, emphasizing the need for inter-basin, intermunicipal, and interregional integration. This integration should be accompanied by the establishment of coastal-intracontinental facilities, such as hubs, across Russia. It is imperative for the nation and its prominent corporations to actively engage in shaping the framework of emerging expansive international maritime socio-geographical structures, facilitating the shift toward global maritime polycentrism. The solution to these problems is closely linked to the priority goal of strengthening Russia’s geostrategic standing in the Baltic region, particularly with a focus on its maritime components. These developments are anticipated within the context of the Russian Baltic Area, envisioned as a borderland with trans-basin geopolitical, economic-geographical, and geocultural bi-structural asymmetry.
Knowledge and innovation dynamics of the Northwest Russia under geopolitical changes
Authors: Mikhaylov A. S. , Maksimenko D. D. , Maksimenko M. R. , Filatov M. M.
Published: December 2023

Over the past 25 years, Russia has faced several economic and geopolitical challenges, including the 2008 global financial crisis, sanctions imposed in 2014, and the COVID-19 pandemic. To remain resilient in the face of these challenges, Russia needs to adopt a flexible development strategy and transition to a new path of development. This transition requires the development of new knowledge-intensive industries, expansion into promising markets, strengthening trade and economic partnerships, and achieving technological sovereignty. This study examines the innovation system in Northwest Russia and identifies factors that are critical for its sustainability and innovation security in the face of geopolitical instability. The study uses an integrated approach to trace the knowledge production and innovation process from research findings to the commercialization of new technologies. The study finds that there are strong correlations between innovation activity and R&D investment, patent activity, and the number of innovative organisations. The study also identifies three types of regional innovation systems in Northwest Russia: core, semi-periphery, and periphery. The nature of the regions’ involvement in R&D determines the dynamics and specialization of their publications and patents. The study also finds that there is a positive correlation between the volume of innovative products and quantitative factors in the functioning of subsystems involved in knowledge generation and innovation. Finally, the study examines the geography and structure of the international research network that the regions of Northwest Russia had formed by 2022. It shows that the geopolitical transformation requires a significant part of cooperation ties with unfriendly countries to be restructured.
Análise da obra O Estrangeiro de Albert Camus sob o crivo da Moral e do Direito
Authors: Galves Santana Natan
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a obra O Estrangeiro de Albert Camus e assim verificar qual contribuição pode ser retirada para a atual sociedade. A obra em questão chama atenção pelo fato do protagonista ser uma pessoa fria, que não chorou no velório da mãe e no dia seguinte já estava nadando no mar e assistindo filme no cinema, ainda na primeira parte da obra, o protagonista assassina uma pessoa e na segunda parte começa o julgamento. A partir de então nota-se que o julgamento se dá com base na moral coletiva e não pelo direito, desse modo, o trabalho visa analisar qual a influência da moral perante os julgamentos pelo Poder Judiciário e, se há perigo em analisar o direito totalmente despido da moral. Para a elaboração do presente trabalho optou-se pela metodologia dedutiva, com respaldo na pesquisa bibliográfica.
Transições Políticas e Feminismo
Authors: Devides Maysa , Lippe Pasquarelli Bruno Vicente
Published: December 2023

O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a influência do processo político da ditadura chilena nas tomadas de decisão do governo de Sebastián Piñera a fim de determinar as consequências do período à presente sociedade, com o propósito de entender como as atitudes do comando militar atuaram na política atual do país. Os anos de 1973 a 1990 foram importantes na história do Chile, pois as condutas utilizadas pelo ditador Augusto Pinochet influenciaram e impulsionaram uma revolta na população feminina chilena em 2020, ocasionando mudanças políticas significativas ao governo. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, foi utilizada a teoria de transição e a teoria feminista nas relações internacionais. O trabalho aplicou a metodologia qualitativa, apresentando e discorrendo fatos históricos do Estado em questão, a partir de informações adquiridas através de fontes secundárias, como diversos textos de Garretón, artigos científicos e livros sobre o período em questão e a teoria feminista, além de reportagens sobre o tema. Por fim, foi apresentado como a qualidade democrática do Chile teve uma queda em sua avaliação, assim como, a maneira que os protestos feministas do mesmo tiveram uma influência na sua política, explicando a necessidade de respeitar os direitos das mulheres.
The average cost of treatment according to lung cancer stage using real-world data
Authors: Aguiar Pedro , De-Marchi Pedro , Paes Rafael , Favato Isabella , Monte Gabriela , Montella Tatiane , Visani Filipe , Afonso Nathalia , Negreiros Izabella , Dienstmann Rodrigo , Ferreira Carlos Gil
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Immunotherapy led to increased survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer; however, it has also increased treatment costs. In this study, real-world data was used to evaluate the average cost of treatment of patients with lung cancer.

Material and Methods: This is a retrospective study that extracted patient-level data from a Brazilian Oncology Group database. The inclusion criteria were patients with non-small cell lung cancer from stage I-IV, and that received at least one line of treatment from 2018 to 2019. The primary endpoint was the average cost of treatment according to the disease stage, and secondary endpoints were the average cost of each line of treatment among patients with advanced disease, and the percentage of this amount that was related to immunotherapy acquisition. The study also assessed overall survival and the cost-effectiveness of immunotherapy at first-line versus immunotherapy at second-line or beyond, that was presented as the incremental cost effectiveness ratio per quality-adjusted life years.

Results: Fifty patients were included, being four (8%) at early-stage (I and II), 10 (20%) at locally advanced disease (III) and 36 (72%) at advanced-stage (IV). The average costs of treatment for each disease stage were respectively US$30,040, US$52,162, and US$95,607 (p=0.071). Among patients with advanced disease that received IO, the average cost of the entire treatment was highest with immunotherapy at first line (US$116,623) compared with immunotherapy at second-line (US$112,967) or third-line (US$37,279). Immunotherapy at first-line resulted in an estimated additional 0.26 quality-adjusted life years compared to immunotherapy at second-line (US$19,240).

Conclusion: The cost of treating non-small cell lung cancer is higher as more advanced is the neoplasm stage at diagnosis. Regarding immunotherapy, the cost of treatment is higher as earlier the treatment is performed, even tough, the cost-effectiveness ratio for first-line treatment seems to be favorable compared to second-line treatment.
Paracelsus a pioneer of emergency medicine and surgery, the father of toxicology and pharmacology, the precursor of homeopathy and chemotherapy
Authors: Gajić Vladimir , Rašković Aleksandar , Milojević Dragan
Published: December 2023

In the entire constellation of doctors, pharmacists, physicists, alchemists, anatomists, pioneers of medicine, there are few who have left as much controversy behind as Paracelsus did. Paracelsus' real name was Theophrastus Philippus Aureolus Bombastus von Hohenheim and he was essentially an alchemist, physicist, astrologer and practiced the occult. His medical practice introduced numerous revolutionary treatments for that time, although many contemporaries considered his works to be a collection of superstitious and repulsive folk remedies. He wrote: "If you prevent the infection, nature will heal the wound on its own." This treatment brought him fame in the circles of Western medicine. He was also the first to introduce the use of various chemicals and minerals in treatment o illnes, the first to give the name zinc and introduced tin powder as an anthelmintic. In long ago 1530 Paracelsus wrote a clinical description of syphilis, in which he claimed that the disease could be successfully treated with orally, carefully measured doses of mercury compounds. During his stay in the mines holles, he wrote that the "miner's disease" (silicosis) was caused by inhaling metal fumes and that it was not a punishment for the sin used by mountain spirits. The first stated that, if given in small doses, "what makes a person sick also cures him" - expectation of the modern practice of homeopathy. It was written that Paracelsus cured many plague-stricken people in the city of Stertzing in the summer of 1534 by giving an oral tablet made of bread and secretion from the pustule. Paracelsus is often referred to as the father of toxicology. In that sense, his sentence is especially significant: "All things are poisonous and nothing is without poison; it's just the dose that makes a thing not poison." This remains the basic principle of toxicology to these days. Although he is often called a quack doctor, he is rightly among the 100 most influential scientists in all of human history.
Probiotic characterization of Limosilactobacillus fermentum BGHV110 strain and its influence on innate immune response in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Dinić Miroslav , Popović Nikola , Radojević Dušan , Đokić Jelena
Published: December 2023

Probiotic lactobacilli exhibit the potential to promote health benefits for the host. Thanks to its numerous beneficial effects on human health, Limosilactobacillus fermentum stood out as an excellent candidate for the development of commercial probiotic preparations aiming to prevent community-acquired infections. In this study, several in vitro tests, including biofilm formation assay, assessment of antibiotic susceptibility, survival in simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions and attachment to intestinal Caco-2 cells, were used to estimate the safety and probiotic potential of L. fermentum BGHV110 strain. Additionally, Caenorhabditis elegans was used as an in vivo model system for the evaluation of L. fermentum BGHV110 influence on the host's innate immune response. The results revealed that L. fermentum BGHV110 strain showed an excellent capability to survive harsh conditions of the gut, to attach to intestinal Caco-2 cells and to stimulate conserved p38 MAPK immunity pathway and expression of the clc-1 claudin-like gene and antimicrobial peptides in C. elegans in order to enhance the immune response against pathogens. Finally, L. fermentum BGHV110 showed no virulence traits and susceptibility to tested antibiotics, confirming its safety status which enables it to be applied as a future probiotic.
Probiotic potential of dairy Western Balkan countries Enterococcus faecium strains
Authors: Popović Nikola , Terzić-Vidojević Amarela , Brdarić Emilija , Soković-Bajić Svetlana , Đokić Jelena , Živković Milica , Veljović Katarina
Published: December 2023

One of the major genera of the lactic acid bacteria family, Enterococcus sp., has a controversial status, reflected in the fact that enterococci are utilized as starter cultures and probiotics, in addition to being known to cause nosocomial infections. The qualified presumption of the safety list and the widely acknowledged safe status for Enterococcus species are absent. Rich sources of Enterococcus faecium species with possible probiotic characteristics can be found in artisanal dairy products, typically made from raw milk. To further understand the probiotic potential and health-promoting effects, this study looked at the presence of virulence factors and adhesion properties of En. faecium isolated from artisanal dairy products from Western Balkan countries.
Criteria of selecting appropriate Delay Analysis Methods (DAM) for mega construction projects
Authors: Abdelalim Ahmed , Sherif Abdulfattah , Abdelalkhaleq Hesham
Published: December 2023

Nowadays, one of the major sources of issues in the construction sector in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is the Extension of time (EOT) claims, which is so hard to resolve. Authors and practitioners have started trials in numerous academic studies to show how to properly deploy Delay Analysis Methods (or "DAMs") and to give practitioners executive guidelines to support them with proper analyses and claim resolution. The awareness of the use of these methods is essential to realize their restrictions and capacity to fit in with various project circumstances and to select appropriate delay analysis methods. The main objective of this research is to provide a guide for the selection of appropriate DAM by defining a list of important criteria that have the most preference in choosing the effective method. These criteria will be rated by collecting feedback from experts in the MENA region through questionnaires. The survey was conducted in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) for the abundance of multinational firms working on mega construction projects with multicultural backgrounds and diversity of expertise in addition to the availability of carrying out interviews when needed and the widespread adoption of standard international construction contracts. Then, the possibility of ranking is calculated by using the Relative Importance Index (RII). This ranking will be considered as an important tool for the proper selection of convenient delay analysis methods. Ultimately this paper will facilitate the selection of appropriate DAM by Delay analyst through investigating project circumstances by mapping it with current ranked criteria.
Measuring customer satisfaction of an e-commerce company based on opinion mining using SVM algorithm, CSI and IPA
Authors: Rosmaladewi R , Bahri Syamsul , Amar Kifayah
Published: December 2023

This study was carried out to examine the perceived service quality of an e-commerce company app users and the measures that may be taken to improve customer satisfaction. The analysis techniques used were opinion mining to analyse reviews on the Google Play Store, e-SERVQUAL and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) to assess customer satisfaction, and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) to identify elements that require improvement. According to the findings of opinion mining, 65.86% of e-commerce company application users were satisfied, while 34.14% were dissatisfied. Customer satisfaction levels were classified as satisfied for the dimensions of efficiency and reliability, and fairly satisfied for the dimensions of fulfilment, compensation, and responsiveness, based on questionnaire distribution. The Importance Performance Analysis method was used to determine the priority for service quality improvement. Findings showed that delivery time, product suitability, refund and return policy, and service time were the top priorities for service improvement.
What is theoretical Sufism: The relationship between theoretical and practical Sufism
Authors: Halilović Seid
Published: December 2023

Mystical heritage in Islam is firmly grounded on the holy teachings of Qur'an, which is why it relatively quickly established itself as a popular cultural trend in early Muslim societies. However, until the 13th century, Muslims had developed exclusively the teachings of practical Sufism in their mystical schools, and in that period theoretical Sufism did not take the form of an independent discipline. It was not until Ibn ʻArabī and his influential disciples began to write about a systematized ontology based on the credibility of mystical intuition that theoretical Sufism became a new discipline in the educational centers of classical Islamic knowledge. Finally, in the 17th century, Mullā Ṣadrā masterfully united the two schools -theoretical Sufism and Islamic philosophy -and they have had the same method and content to this day. This paper will not talk about the periodization of the history of theoretical Sufism, but here we explain in detail what exactly theoretical Sufism means. We will analyze internal elements of this discipline and the way in which they are interconnected. First, we will explain why we divide Sufism into theoretical and practical Sufism, and after analyzing their mutual influence, we will offer a precise definition of these two mystical disciplines in Islam. Respecting the methodological practice of Muslim scholars in their introductory studies on various Islamic disciplines, in the second part of the paper we answer questions about what is the subject of theoretical Sufism and what problems are discussed in this discipline. Finally, we will also analyze the criterion in this discipline, with the help of which we check the truth and falsity of judgments about mystical experiences.
Using open licensed applications in the developing programs for businesses
Authors: Milenković Nikola , Radosavljević Miloš , Vladisavljević Vladan
Published: December 2023

The development of technology has led to the emergence of legal issues related to the rights and regulations of the use of content in computer technology. The legal framework for intellectual property has evolved as software has moved from being viewed as an idea or algorithm to a tangible process or machine. In this context, two opposing currents emerged: one believes that intellectual property is crucial for society and the economy, while the other denies the existence of intellectual property and advocates the impossibility of possessing knowledge.
Compressive strength and leachability effects of treated drill cuttings as a partial replacement of cement in concrete production
Authors: Chikwue Maxwell , Okparanma Reuben , Ayotamuno Josiah , Nwakuba Nnaemeka
Published: December 2023

This study examines the compressive strengths and leachability effects of treated drill cuttings as a partial replacement of cement in concrete production. Workability tests on various water-binder ratios (w/b) on the fresh concrete showed that an optimum w/b of 0.5 was adequate for the concrete to be workable. Replacement levels of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% were used to produce cement-drill cuttings concrete at a 1:1.5:3 mix ratio. The blended concrete gave a compressive strength in the range of 26.20N/mm 2 for 5% to 22.46N/mm 2 for 20% replacement levels at 28 days curing time, more than the minimum compressive strength of 20N/mm 2 and 25N/mm 2 specified for concrete strength class C/20 and C/25, respectively. The strength activity index of 90.56, 98.76, 89.05, 98.05, and 77.64% for 5, 10, 15, and 20% replacement levels at 28 days of curing time was obtained surpassing the minimum 75% specified for normal concrete by the code. The wet/dry durability effects of the blended concrete at any replacement level passed the structural integrity with less than 5% of the structural integrity of the material lost. The chloride and total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (TPAHs) leachability effects both met the DPRs target values for reusable materials. The study has shown that drill cuttings have a good pozzolanic effect on concrete, especially when activated at the temperature of 500oC for 180 minutes. It also shows that treated drill cuttings could replace cement up to 20% by weight to produce concrete of adequate strength using a w/b ratio of 0.5 and mix ratios of 1:1.5:3. The study has also shown that treated drill cuttings replaced with cement to produce concrete which is durable to both wet/dry and leaching effects of chlorides and TPAHs to the environment.
A somatic approach as transgression in teaching architecture: A small house conversion project
Authors: Vojnović-Ćalić Tijana , Vaghi Katja , Ohliger Anja
Published: December 2023

We perceive the world mostly with our vision, undervaluing all the other senses that can participate in a better understanding of our immediate surroundings. A comprehensive and subjective perception is especially relevant for those who take an active part in creating our environment - namely, architects. As educators, the authors took it upon themselves to awaken, through practical experience, a deeper awareness of the spatial environment in first-semester architecture students, with a design project of a small house conversion. This was achieved through an interdisciplinary, embodied approach, i.e. sets of somatic exercises within an exploratory workshop, which motivated the students to reconnect with bodily sensations which stay unnoticed or that they usually take for granted. They gained knowledge on how to comprehend with their bodies and critically approach spatial situations, search for inspiration in unconventional places and apply spontaneity and their corporeal experience in their own designs. The body was recognised as the place for potential creative and productive transgressions during the process.
Aestheticisation in contemporary architectural discourse: The dualism of staged and authentic
Authors: Ćaćić Marija
Published: December 2023

In the global market of aesthetic sensations, good space turns into attractive product design. While aestheticisation attacks the space through digital cognitive stimulation, it is upsetting that day-to-day life is insufficiently treated in architectural design. With the necessity of considering space and life in conjunction, the research question is placed between the aesthetic imaginations of the conceptual and ethical requirements of the everyday. The initial hypothesis is that architectural space is determined by the dualism of different modalities, which affect the spectator's perception and the dweller's day-to-day life. That dualism of staged and authentic space manifests an increasingly conflicting relationship, which makes their common element, the concept of space, questionable. The research aim is to show that the architectural duality turns into an antagonistic relationship between two modalities (staged and authentic), caused by an aestheticised context, which glorifies the dominance of the visual and results in the translation of the architectural concept into a manner.
Some unexpected trajectories of urban morphology in France
Authors: Fusco Giovanni
Published: December 2023

This paper is not UN update of Darin's account on the study of urban form in France in 1998. Rather, it's a complement to it, dealing with two overlooked issues that produced unexpected trajectories for urban morphology in France. The first is Merlin's 1988 publication of an important book on urban morphology and plot systems, after the organization of an international conference on the subject. Produced at the request of the French Ministry of Urbanism, this work was extremely critical of the emerging field of urban morphology and exerted a long-lasting negative influence on its development in France, namely in the field of urban planning. The second is the contribution to urban morphology by theoretical and quantitative geographers. Much of this contribution is indeed posterior to Darin's account, but it shows that the study of urban form can now count on two different traditions in France: finer scale and design-oriented urban morphology within the schools of architecture and larger scale, sometimes trans-scale, computer-aided urban morphology from quantitative geography. Huge potential lies in engaging collaborations among these two traditions.
An Online Course in Contemplative Neuroscience Increases Dispositional Mindfulness and Reduces Meditation Barriers
Authors: Wolfe Uta , Batoyun Temmy
Published: December 2023

Teaching contemplative neuroscience is emerging as a way to increase the reach and relevance of our field to a wider undergraduate population while also encouraging the beneficial practice of contemplation. In-person classes on the topic have been shown to improve both academic learning and attitudes towards science and meditation. Here we show that a short-term, asynchronous online course in contemplative neuroscience had comparable benefits.Students completed the Determinants of Meditation Practice Inventory (DMPI; Williams et al., 2011) and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS; Brown and Ryan, 2003) at the start and end of the course. Their scores showed reduced barriers to meditation and improved mindfulness after the course, changes predictive of a range of positive behavioral and well-being outcomes. Students also rated the course as highly effective in advancing neuroscience understanding and competency. A comparison group (from an online general psychology class) showed no increase in mindfulness and a significantly weaker reduction in meditation barriers.This success of an online class in both academic and social-emotional learning is promising given the rapid growth of online instruction and the improved access it can provide to non-traditional students. The class format together with its health-relevant topic could thus be a valuable tool for reaching a more diverse student body while at the same time promoting practices linked to both personal and societal benefits.
Lessons Learned in Developing Virtual Neuroscience Labs
Authors: Canal Maria M. , Carroll Jessica , Zhou Flavia , Metcalfe Ryan
Published: December 2023

The global COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on teaching approaches across higher education institutions. In this article, we reflect on the lessons learned designing and developing two virtual neuroscience labs and how they can positively contribute to Neuroscience teaching beyond this pandemic.
Measuring Sex Differences in the Corpus Callosum by Undergraduates at a Small and a Large Institution
Authors: Leung Cary H. , Goraya Imrin , Kasa Leena , Schottler Natalie , Grisham William
Published: December 2023

Neuroscience students often seem more responsive to laboratory exercises that involve human brains. Here we describe a lab that utilizes human brain MRIs to evaluate a long-standing debate over the presence of sex differences in the human brain, specifically the corpus callosum. Students at both Widener and UCLA measured corpus callosum subregions that were already marked-off as described by Witelson (1989) or by Hofer and Frahm (2006). Statistical analyses revealed sex differences using both schemes after correcting for the size of the midsagittal cortex. Widener students, however, uncovered more sex differences than the UCLA students. Lab instruction for UCLA students occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. So, lab sessions were completely online. In contrast, Widener students had the benefit of in-person lab instruction. Nonetheless, both the data obtained from the images of the corpus callosi as well as measures of pedagogical efficacy were similar between the two institutions, suggesting that distance learning may be a valuable and viable option. Further, when in person learning is not an option, such as during a pandemic, digital databases serve as invaluable resources for online learning. When these databases are utilized in a hypothesis driven research setting, they can serve as the basis for course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs), which are known to benefit students—improving retention in science fields.
The FUN Exchange: A Community-Driven Repository of Resources for Neuroscience Educators
Authors: Jorgensen Claudia , Wright Michael
Published: December 2023

Even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, higher education was facing pressure both to modify traditional instruction practices to more learner-centered instruction and to meet the increased demand for flexible instruction (including hybrid and online). These pressures have increased the need for high quality, engaging content for instruction across all modalities (including in-person, hybrid, and online). To address this need of neuroscience educators, we developed the FUN Exchange, an online repository that is accessible to educators without a paid membership and that is endorsed by the Faculty of Undergraduate Neuroscience organization. Furthermore, the resource is community-driven, allowing educators to contribute and vet submissions to the Exchange. Hosted on AirTable, there are currently more than 475 resources available that are organized by resource type ranging from Class Activities to Simulation Exercises and that can be searched by subject area as well as key words. We believe the FUN Exchange can be a one-stop shop for educators interested in high-quality neuroscience teaching resources useful for all teaching modalities—in-person, hybrid, and online.