bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN INVESTIGATION OF PARKS IN TERMS OF ACTIVE AND PASSIVE RECREATION:THE CASE OF EFELER, AYDIN (TURKIYE)
Authors:   Professor Doctor, Department of Landscape Architecture, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkiye., Kara B. , Bayram A. ,   Student, Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkiye., Ozsoy O. ,   Student, Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkiye., Ar B. ,   Student, Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkiye., Aykan C. ,   Student, Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkiye., Yaman M. ,   Student, Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkiye., Kazmaci O. ,   Student, Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkiye., Ozcetin S. ,   Student, Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkiye.
Published: July 2024

Nowadays, human life is becoming better with recreational and leisure activities that play an essential role in peoples lifestyles. Urban areas with recreational facilities, such as green spaces, invite city residents to spend their leisure time in places where they can benefit from nature (Lawal et al., 2011). As elements of the urban landscape, parks have numerous functions, such as providing environmental benefits through active and passive recreation and being wildlife habitats (Solecki and Welch, 1995).Almost all of the parks under the responsibility of AydÃƒÂ„Ã‚Â±n Metropolitan Municipality and T.R. Efeler Municipality have seating units (95.65% and 83.33%, respectively), and most have sports and fitness equipment (82.61% and 43.10%, respectively) and childrens playgrounds (56.52% and 61.49%, respectively). Whereas only one park under the responsibility of AydÃƒÂ„Ã‚Â±n Metropolitan Municipality has a bicycle path and skateboard track, no parks under the responsibility of T.R. Efeler Municipality have a skateboard track and chess area. While there was no statistically significant difference between the neighborhoods in terms of the number of activities according to socio-economic status, a statistically significant difference was identified in terms of the number of activities between the parks under the responsibility of AydÃƒÂ„Ã‚Â±n Metropolitan Municipality and T.R. Efeler Municipality.
CLASSROOM INSTRUCTIONAL PRACTICES AND STUDENTS ENGAGEMENT IN MATHEMATICS SUBJECT IN PUBLIC DAY SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RWANDA, A CASE OF NYARUGENGE DISTRICT, RWANDA
Authors:   MED Student, Mount Kenya University., Jean Claude Uwihanganye , Faustin Mugiraneza ,   Senior Lecturer, Mount Kenya University.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research was to examine the connection between classroom instructional practices and students involvement in Mathematics subjects in public day secondary schools in Nyarugenge District, Rwanda. The specific objectives wereto assess the effect of using classroom mathematics toolkits on students engagement in Mathematics subject in public day secondary schools in Nyarugenge District, Rwanda, to assess the effect, teacher feedback and cooperative learning strategies on students engagement in Mathematics subject in public day secondary schools in Nyarugenge District, Rwanda. The sample size comprised 57 teachers, 19 deputy head teachers in charge of studies, 19 head teachers, 10 sector education inspectors, one district education officer in charge of Secondary and TVET schools, and one District Director of the Education Unit totaling 107 respondents. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to determine correlation between dependent and independent. Results indicated teachers use a computer with a projector, 34.0% were strongly agreed, and 30.9% were agreed. Result felt that teachers use provided scripted lesson in class-room instruction. There statistically association between theuse a computer with a projector and active participation (r=.320, p-value=0.001), with asking questions (r=.317, p-value=0.001). Contrary to insignificant correlation between provided scripted lesson and answering teachers questions (r=0.006, p-value=0.950). Results showed the recognizable student effort, 55.9% show a strong agreement. A strong relationship was established between recognizable student effort and active participation (r=0.425**, p-value =0.000), The study felt association between positive interdependence and active participation, asking questions, and answering teachers questions since the p-value was less than 0.05.The study recommends that school make supervision to teachers so as to find out the way that they perform their tasks and to give them some professional advice. Policy makers should elaborate updated professional guidelines which can be used while teaching sciences specifically in mathematics subject so as to improve the students engagement in mathematics. The ministry of education in Rwanda should give training to teachers about strategies which should be used while teaching mathematics and other science subjects so as increase students academic performance.
ACCEPTANCE OF SIMULATION TECHNOLOGY AND THE INFLUENCES FOR USING SIMULATION TECHNOLOGY AMONGST TEACHERS IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors:   Doctor of Education in Health Professions A.T. Still University., Roche Key Monica
Published: July 2024

Acceptance of simulation technology and the influences for using simulation technology amongst teachers in higher education. The research study was conducted to study the effect of technology support for simulation education based on teachers involvement with and usage of simulation. Previous literature reviews discuss challenges teachers face with using simulation technology such as teachers lack of training, intentions, attitudes, and behavior such as resentment about using simulation technology. The research study conducted can help one identify factors and learning challenges that teachers face when it comes to learning technology. Simulation technology is a new way of learning and is used more frequently for learning purposes. Therefore, to study in depth factors concerning teachers challenges and influences for using simulation technology research interviews were conducted. Results indicate teachers are influenced and motivated to use simulation technology if they are trained properly and have adequate support. When not supported or trained, one may be resistant to use simulation technology. Teachers admit they will use simulation technology as long as they know how to use the technology properly. Teachers evaluated display common interest in using the simulation technology and are adamant about using technology if it adds value and enhanced learning to their courses. Teachers admit that simulation technology seminars and conferences will be utilized for further growth and learning initiatives. Limitations of research are time constraints. Further recommendations for studying the research study are to use a form of triangulation to generalize results for transferability and transparency. Future research needs to be conducted to strengthen the results for precision, reliability, and validity of information. Further research should also be conducted to help close the existing gap in literature about simulation education in the higher education sector.
MANAGING LOCALLY ADVANCED CERVICAL CARCINOMA WITH A PELVIC KIDNEY USING VOLUMETRIC MODULATED ARC THERAPY: A CLINICAL CHALLENGE
Authors:   Radiotherapy Department, National Institut of Oncology of Rabat, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, University of Mohamed V, Rabat- Morocco., Baz S. El , Hamdan A. ,   Radiotherapy Department, National Institut of Oncology of Rabat, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, University of Mohamed V, Rabat- Morocco., Eddarif O. ,   Radiotherapy Department, National Institut of Oncology of Rabat, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, University of Mohamed V, Rabat- Morocco., Nouni K. ,   Radiotherapy Department, National Institut of Oncology of Rabat, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, University of Mohamed V, Rabat- Morocco., Lachgar A. ,   Radiotherapy Department, National Institut of Oncology of Rabat, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, University of Mohamed V, Rabat- Morocco., Kacemi H. El ,   Radiotherapy Department, National Institut of Oncology of Rabat, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, University of Mohamed V, Rabat- Morocco., Kebdani T. ,   Radiotherapy Department, National Institut of Oncology of Rabat, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, University of Mohamed V, Rabat- Morocco., Hassouni K. ,   Radiotherapy Department, National Institut of Oncology of Rabat, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, University of Mohamed V, Rabat- Morocco.
Published: July 2024

The coexistence of cervical carcinoma and pelvic kidney is uncommon. Given that the pelvic kidney occupies the traditional radiation field for cervical carcinoma, treating these patients with radiation poses a therapeutic dilemma. We report the case of a 72 years old patient with stage IIIB cervical carcinoma with an incidental diagnosis of pelvic kidney was treated with radical chemoradiotherapy using volumetric-modulated arctherapy with concurrent weekly cisplatin.. At the 12-month follow-up, the patient was disease free and had no deterioration in kidney function. Volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) allowed for the precise delivery of high radiation doses in this particular case, while effectively sparing the kidney.
PLEURAL INVOLVEMENT REVEALING MULTIPLE MYELOMA
Authors:   Pneumo-Phtisiology Department, Moulay Youssef Hospital, University Mohamed V, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Morocco., Reguig N. , Amchich Y. ,   Service de Pneumologie, Hopital Militaire dInstruction Mohammed-V, Rabat, Maroc. Universite Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Rafik A. ,   Service de Pneumologie, Hopital Militaire dInstruction Mohammed-V, Rabat, Maroc. Universite Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Souhi H. ,   Service de Pneumologie, Hopital Militaire dInstruction Mohammed-V, Rabat, Maroc. Universite Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Ouazzani H. EL ,   Service de Pneumologie, Hopital Militaire dInstruction Mohammed-V, Rabat, Maroc. Universite Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc., Abderrahmani Rhorfi I. ,   Service de Pneumologie, Hopital Militaire dInstruction Mohammed-V, Rabat, Maroc. Universite Mohamed V, Rabat, Maroc.
Published: July 2024

Extramedullary multiple myeloma (EMM) is an uncommon complication that presents in only 7% of patients with multiple myeloma. Common sites of involvement include the gastrointestinal and central nervous system Involvement Pleural is very rarely seen. This report describes a patient that pleural involvement with pleural plasmacytoma reveal the diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma.
An integrated framework for waterfront development to recognize nature-based solutions (NBS) in urban areas: evaluating the condition of two projects in Bangladesh
Authors: Bin Zaman K. M. Ulil Amor , Tumpa Rifat Tabassoom , Chowdhooree Imon
Published: July 2024

Nature-based solutions (NBS) often suggest improving the degraded urban environment through the implementation of projects for revitalizing water bodies and adjacent areas. Among various concepts of developing waterfront urban spaces, ‘water sensitive urban design (WSUD)’ asks for integrated design and management of urban water resources and water cycle, following a holistic approach. This research proposes a framework that assimilates the components of WSUD with the concept of ‘integrated urban water management (IUWM)’ that mainly focuses on governance, management, and stakeholders' engagement. This integrated approach emphasizes the need for developing a holistic framework for the management of planning and design of waterfront development projects. The framework includes detailed criteria for water sensitive approach and acts as a holistic checklist for evaluating or designing waterfront development projects. Such comprehensive guidelines that includes planning, governance, and design challenges are rare in the current body of literature. To test the framework, the research conducts a comparative study among two waterfront projects in Bangladesh and through a scored evaluation based on the proposed framework, reveals the lack of water sensitive planning, design and management processes of the projects, which has narrowed down the scope and the opportunities of practicing NBS through reviving lost urban waterbodies.
Maximizing Treatment Options for IBD through Drug Repurposing
Authors: Barjasteh Amir Hossein , Al-Asady Abdulridha Mohammed , Latifi Hanieh , Al Okla Souad , Al-Nazwani Nasser , Avan Amir , Khazaei Majid , Ryzhikov Mikhail , Nadi-Yazdi Hanieh , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi
Published: July 2024

Chronic inflammation characterizes Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn's Disease
(CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Despite modest activity of disease in most UC patients, exacerbations
occur, especially in those with severe symptoms, necessitating interventions, like colectomy. Current treatments
for IBD, predominantly small molecule therapies, impose significant economic burdens. Drug repurposing
offers a cost-effective alternative, leveraging existing drugs for novel therapeutic applications. This approach
capitalizes on shared molecular pathways across diseases, accelerating therapeutic discovery while minimizing
costs and risks. This article provides an overview of IBD and explores drug repurposing as a promising
avenue for more effective and affordable treatments. Through computational and animal studies, potential
drug candidates are categorized, offering insights into IBD pathogenesis and treatment strategies.
Optimizing Prostate Imaging Practices in Saudi Arabian Hospitals: A Comprehensive Analysis of PI-RADS Compliance in Multiparametric MRI
Authors: Alshuhri Mohammed S. , Alhulail Ahmad A. , Alqahtani Abdullalh G. M. , Madkhali Yahia , Alshehri Abdullah M. , Alghuraybi Rakan A. , Alqahtani Saeed , BinMhusien Meshari Ali , Alqahtani Mansour , Qaisi Abdulrahman
Published: July 2024

Background:

Prostate cancer, a significant contributor to male cancer mortality globally, demands improved diagnostic strategies. In Saudi Arabia, where the
incidence is expected to double, this study assessed the compliance of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) practices with Prostate Imaging-Reporting
and Data System version 2 (PI-RADS v2) guidelines across diverse healthcare institutions.

Methods:

A survey was distributed to the radiology departments of all tertiary referral hospitals in Saudi Arabia (n=60) to assess their compliance with the
technical specifications outlined in PI-RADS v2. Statistical analysis included chi-square, Fisher exact, ANOVA, and Student t-tests to examine the
collected data;

Results:

The study revealed an overall commendable compliance rate of 95.23%. However, significant variations were observed in technical parameters,
particularly between 1.5 Tesla and 3 Tesla scanners and tertiary versus non-tertiary hospitals. Notable adherence in certain sequences contrasted
with discrepancies in T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging parameters

Conclusion:

These findings underscore the need for nuanced approaches to optimize prostate imaging protocols, considering field strength and institutional
differences. The study contributes to the ongoing refinement of standardized mpMRI practices, aiming to enhance diagnostic accuracy and improve
clinical outcomes in prostate cancer.
N,N-Disubstituted 4-Sulfamoylbenzoic Acid Derivatives as Inhibitors of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2α: Synthesis, Aqueous Solubility, and Activity in a Vesicle and a Whole Blood Assay
Authors: Borecki Daniel , Vilsendorf Imke Meyer zu , Fabian Jörg , Lehr Matthias
Published: July 2024

Background:

Cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) is the key enzyme that initiates the
arachidonic acid cascade through which pro-inflammatory lipid mediators can be formed. Therefore,
cPLA2α is considered an interesting target for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
Although several effective inhibitors of the enzyme have been developed, none of them has yet
reached clinical application.

Objective:

Recently, we have prepared new 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid derivatives based on a cPLA2α
inhibitor found in a ligand-based virtual screening. The most effective of these compounds were
now subjected to further variations in which the substitution pattern on the sulfamoyl nitrogen atom
was changed.

Methods:

The new compounds were tested in vitro in a vesicle assay for cPLA2α inhibition as well
as for their water solubility, metabolic stability, and selectivity towards related enzymes. In addition,
they were evaluated ex vivo in a whole blood assay in which metabolites of the arachidonic
acid cascade formed after activation of cPLA2α were quantified using a combined online dilution/
online solid phase extraction HPLC-MS method.

Results:

Inhibitors with submicromolar inhibitory in vitro potency were found with favourable
water solubility and selectivity. However, their efficacy did not match that of the highly effective,
known, structurally related cPLA2α inhibitor giripladib, which was also tested as a reference. One
advantage of some of the new compounds compared to giripladib was their significantly improved
water solubility. When analyzing the substances in the ex vivo whole blood assay, it was found that
the obtained inhibition data correlated better with the in vivo results when the phorbol ester 12-Otetradecanoylphorbol-
13-acetate was used for activation of the enzyme in the blood cells instead of
the calcium ionophore A23187.

Conclusion:

New compounds with good activity towards cPLA2α and reasonable physicochemical
properties were identified. Overall, the results obtained could be helpful in the development of clinically
applicable inhibitors of this enzyme.
India's Pink-Eye Mystery: Decoding the 2023 Conjunctivitis Outbreak
Authors: Paul Tuhin James , Banga Ayushreeya , Kaur Ashmeen , Garg Sonakshi , Singh Amandeep
Published: July 2024

The pink eye outbreak in 2023 was caused due to humid weather conditions in most
regions of India. The most affected states include Delhi, Gujrat (21% cases), Maharashtra
(30%), Himachal Pradesh (4%) and Karnataka (4%). The epidemiological data indicates that
males have a high prevalence rate as compared to females; urban areas were most affected, and
professionals as well as students were the population group that had the highest prevalence
rate. The most common clinical manifestations were the presence of red eye, eye discharge,
grittiness, and eyelashes being stuck together. One of the hallmarks of histopathology is a cobblestone
formation of flattened nodules with central vascular centers. Conjunctivitis is a virusmediated
immune response accompanied by inflammation, which proceeds the immune reaction,
giving rise to vasodilation, pseudo membrane formation, and conjunctivital discharge.
The gold standard for the diagnosis of Conjunctivitis is the Adenoplus kit using PCR technology;
apart from this slit lamp biomicroscope can be used for the evaluation. It is the need of
the hour to spread awareness about the Pink Eye disease and the measures to prevent it.
Efficacy of Semaglutide in Reactive Hypoglycemia Related to Dumping
Syndrome after Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Fiore Angelo , Gaetano Santoro , Ausilia Lombardo , Federica Spitali , Giulia Sceusa , Damiano Gullo
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

Postprandial hypoglycemia induced by Dumping Syndrome (DS) represents
a side effect of bariatric surgery linked to glucose-dependent hyperinsulinemia, which
can cause serious symptoms 2-3 hours after the meal hypoglycemia. This clinical case shows
the effectiveness of semaglutide, a long-acting GLP1 receptor agonist, in one patient previously
subjected to gastric bypass (GBP), with persistent late postprandial hypoglycaemic symptoms
occurring after surgery.

Case Report::

A female patient, 31 years old, subjected to GBP 10 years earlier, with the diagnosis
of diabetes, was admitted to our unit for persistent post-prandial reactive hypoglycemia,
confirmed by Flash Glucose Monitoring (FGM) FreeStyle. The patient was intolerant to metformin,
had been treated with acarbose with poor results. HbA1c 7.9%. Acarbose was suspended,
and semaglutide was started sc at increasing doses, 0.25 mg/week for 1 month and subsequently
0.5 mg/week. After the first few weeks, symptoms of DS were significantly reduced
with improvement of the daily glycemic profile and disappearance of hypoglycemic events. The
time-below range, time spent with blood glucose <70 mg/dl, decreased by 12% to 4% during
treatment with semaglutide 0.25 mg/week, up to 1% with a dose of 0.5 mg/week. The effect of
the drug on reducing hypoglycemic episodes was persistent for up to 8 months.

Conclusion::

Treatment of post-bariatric reactive hypoglycemia includes nutritional therapy, the
use of glucosidase inhibitors, and somatostatin analogues. The use of short-acting GLP-1RA
analogues has also recently been reported. In our patient, therapy with semaglutide s.c. significantly
reduced episodes of reactive hypoglycemia with an improvement in the quality of life.
Recent Advances in Heterogeneously Catalyzed Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of Alcohols to Carbonyl Derivatives and N-heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Bordoloi Krisangi , Baruah Jyotishma , Gogoi Bibekananda , Das Pankaj
Published: July 2024

:

Oxidation of alcohols in an oxidant-free condition, commonly known as the acceptorless dehydrogenation (AD) reaction, has recently emerged as
one of the widely used processes in synthetic organic chemistry. Alcohol acts as an excellent chemical precursor that produces a variety of
dehydrogenated value-added products such as carbonyls, acids, acetals, and several coupling products, followed by the concomitant evolution of
molecular hydrogen gas. AD reaction of alcohol, therefore, can be considered as a vital reaction for the hydrogen economy using alcohols as a
liquid hydrogen carrier. Over the past decade, the growing importance of AD reactions has set the way for the continuous development of various
homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic systems. With the advantage of reusability and recyclability, heterogeneous catalysts have now become
more promising and significant in the catalytic domain. This review aims to make an overview of the transition metal-based heterogeneous
catalytic system of acceptorless alcohol dehydrogenation reaction reported till December, 2023.
What are Proteome Atlases good for?
Authors: Kumar Yadav Amit , Aggarwal Suruchi
Published: July 2024

:

The technological advances in mass spectrometry and associated computational tools have enabled the development of proteome atlases and
comprehensive catalogs of proteome snapshots that have gradually transformed biomedical research. These proteome catalogs in specific
biological contexts, which focused initially on model organisms, have now expanded their scope to encompass diverse organisms, tissues, and
experimental conditions. These atlases, such as the Human Protein Atlas (HPA), Peptide Atlas, and Global Proteome Machine Database
(GPMDB), etc. provide invaluable insights into protein expression, subcellular localization, interactions, modifications, and functions. They aid in
understanding biological processes, identifying disease biomarkers, and discovering novel therapeutic targets. Despite their potential, proteome
atlases face challenges like data completeness, integration with other omics data, and ethical considerations. Addressing these challenges is vital
for further progress. Proteome atlases serve as indispensable resources, driving biomedical discovery and innovation.
Microwave Revolution: Transforming Biomedical Synthesis for Tissue Engineering Advancements
Authors: Sridhar Srikruthi Kunigal , Bhavani Penmetsa Durga , Noothi Sadhana , Gajula Lakshmi Radhika , Goudanavar Prakash , Gowthami Buduru , Naveen Nimbagal Raghavendra
Published: July 2024

:

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis (MAS) has emerged as a groundbreaking technique revolutionizing
the field of biomedical and tissue engineering. This review aims to explore the fundamental
principles, techniques, and applications of MAS in these domains. Beginning with an overview
highlighting its significance, we delve into the basic principles, mechanisms, and comparative
analysis with conventional methods. Subsequently, the review explores MAS techniques in biomaterial
synthesis, tissue scaffold fabrication, functionalization, and nanomaterial synthesis, along
with their role in drug delivery systems. We then examine its diverse applications, including rapid
biomaterial synthesis, property tailoring, biocompatibility enhancements, and tissue regeneration
strategies. Furthermore, we address the challenges and future perspectives, focusing on safety considerations,
understanding cellular responses, integration with advanced technologies, regulatory
aspects, and future directions. This comprehensive review underscores MAS as a transformative
tool driving innovations in biomedical research and therapeutic applications.
The Efficacy of Bibliotherapy in Depression Management: A
Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Pannu Arzoo , Goyal Ramesh K. , Sharma Kalicharan
Published: July 2024

Aim: This systematic review critically evaluates the efficacy of bibliotherapy in
addressing mental health concerns across various populations and intervention modalities.

Methods: A comprehensive bibliographic search was conducted, identifying 20 articles
from databases PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, representing studies published in
English between 1990 and 2022. The selected randomized clinical trials were subjected to
rigorous evaluation using Cochrane's Risk of Bias tool to assess methodological quality.
Inclusion criteria focused on RCTs examining bibliotherapy programs for depression
treatment. The selected studies were analyzed based on their comparison of bibliotherapy
outcomes with standard treatments or no intervention. Follow-up periods ranging from 2
weeks to 3 years were considered.

Results: Out of 413 retrieved results, 20 articles were included, reporting 3354 subjects.
The methodological quality of the studies, assessed using Cochrane's Risk of Bias tool,
was found to be sound. Bibliotherapy demonstrated significant improvements in depressive symptoms in older patients as studied in 3 long-term bibliotherapy RCTs and 7 shortterm bibliotherapy RCTs. In young patients, 3 long-term bibliotherapy RCTs have shown
significant improvement in depressive symptoms over 6 months to 2 years, whereas 7
short-term bibliotherapy RCTs also showed significant improvement within a brief
timeframe. The review explores bibliotherapy's efficacy in managing occupational stress
and its potential as a therapy for depression in populations with chronic physical illnesses.

Conclusion: The findings imply that bibliotherapy could serve as an affordable and
prompt intervention, potentially reducing the need for additional medications. However,
the study emphasizes the importance of further research to strengthen the evidence base,
particularly in diverse populations and settings.
Advanced Rival Combatant Identification with Hybrid Machine Learning Techniques in War Field
Authors: Panem Charanarur , Gundu Srinivasa Rao , Satheesh S. , Chandelkar Kashinath K. , Vijaylaxmi J.
Published: July 2024

This research shows how Hybrid Machine Learning (HML) techniques may
be used in real-time to identify an Army’s personal fighting zone or any other specified
location in order to reduce safety risks via the detection of an invasion or enemies.
Deep Learning (DL) techniques, such as Faster R-CNN, YOLO, and DenseNet, were
used to find employees, categorize objects, and detect subtle characteristics in a variety
of datasets. Testing showed that a 95% recall rate and a 90% precision rate were
possible. This indicates high detection. A cleanness of 85 percent and a correctness of
80 percent were achieved in a real-world construction site application. To some things
up: The recommended approach may enhance current safety management methods in
conflict zones, borders, and beyond.
IoT Covid Patient Health Monitoring System
Authors: C. Akalya , S. Aleena A. , R. Athira , I. Hamsavarthini I. , R. Shijitha
Published: July 2024

Lack of healthcare or inaccessibility of doctors and caregivers is a major
concern. The increase in COVID-19 patients is putting tremendous pressure on hospital
management in urban areas. Therefore, the development of IoT (Internet of Things)
based patient monitoring systems allows doctors to obtain patient data from remote
locations. The Internet of Things is an evolving technology that takes healthcare to the
next level by providing affordable, reliable, and convenient devices that can be carried
or embedded with patients. There is a growing interest in wearable sensors and medical
devices. Therefore, wearable monitoring systems will take patient monitoring to a new
level. The IoT allows various devices to be connected over the Internet. Data is
collected using sensors and sent to the cloud via IoT channels, where both patients and
doctors can access the data (real-time and historical) through a variety of devices. Any
deviations from the norm will result in alerts being sent to both doctors and patients.
This enables doctors to monitor a large number of patients at once. 
Image-Based Plant Disease Detection Using IoT and Deep Learning
Authors: Kour Vippon Preet , Arora Sakshi
Published: July 2024

Plant diseases act as a major threat to the both economy and food security of
any nation. Despite being of such importance, the identification of plant diseases and
approaches deployed to tackle them are mostly conventional/ traditional ones.
Incubation of technology and advancement in computer vision and deep learning
models have opened new ways for developing much better approaches to tackle such
issues. In this work, the native plants of Jammu and Kashmir are taken into
consideration. An IoT-based framework is designed for data collection and disease
diagnosis. The data involves both diseased and healthy leaf images. A hybrid deep
neural network is trained to identify the plant species as well as the diseases associated
with it. The trained model achieves an overall accuracy of 96.35%. A comparison with
other state of art approaches is also presented, along with suggestions for some related
future developments. This approach can be deployed on a global scale to tackle plant
diseases and to achieve global diagnosis.
Precision Farming Using IoT for Smart Farming
Authors: Trivedi P. , Sainkhediya J.
Published: July 2024

By 2050, food production is expected to expand by 70% to feed 2.3 billion
people around the world. New agricultural farming technology will be needed to feed
the growing global population with safe and healthy foods. With this, in the last few
decades, we have witnessed a lot of technological advancements in the farming
industry. Agriculture is becoming smarter than ever before thanks to the deployment of
disruptive technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT). Farmers have enhanced their
control over the process of growing crops and rearing livestock due to the many smart
farming IoT gadgets available on the market. The Internet of Things (IoT) is generating
a lot of excitement in a variety of industries, including infrastructure, automotive, and
retail. Precision agriculture is the IoT's most critical use case, yet it is not often
discussed. With our globe on the verge of a food crisis, these new technology
breakthroughs to boost harvests could prove life-saving. Precision agriculture is
gaining traction as a new farming direction through the Internet of Things. In this
chapter, we discuss the IoT technologies that are used to increase data quality, and how
they are employed in the field.
AI and IoT-Enabled solutions for Protection of Species on Earth
Authors: Patil Poornima G. , Patil Malini M.
Published: July 2024

Ecological balance is a term describing the co-existence of species with
other species and also with the environment ensuring the organization of ecosystems in
a state of stability. Each species has a contribution to maintaining the ecological
balance. Major disturbances of ecological balance are due to careless activities by
human beings like faulty usage of land, soil, water, and forest resources, and industrial
and vehicle pollution. The proposed study focuses on two major resources namely soil
and water which affect human, animal and plant lives both terrestrial and aquatic to a
very large extent. Soil degradation is the loss of soil quality that diminishes yield.
Water degradation refers to the quality of water being degraded with the introduction of
unwanted chemicals and making it unsuitable for use. The world is surely going to
suffer from the problem of hunger if man does not make efforts to conserve the soil and
water. The need of the hour is to devise technological solutions that can measure,
predict, and analyze the degradation, recommend suitable procedures either to prevent
the damage, or control the damage, and suggest the means to achieve better crop
productivity. The concept of Precision agriculture using IoT and AI can help in
measuring, and analyzing the soil conditions, the requirements of temperature, water,
pesticides, and fertilizers and provide guidance on soil management, crop rotation, and
optimal planting and harvesting schedules in order to reap better yield and satisfy the
food requirements of all species on Earth.
Eating Disorders in Adolescents
Authors: Saeed Humaira , Singh Aditi , Siddiqui Mohammad Haris
Published: July 2024

Bulimia nervosa (BN) is a serious mental illness that frequently shows
symptoms in adolescence or early adulthood. Binge eating and incorrect compensatory
behavior to regulate weight are hallmarks of the eating disorder bulimia nervosa, which
can have potentially harmful consequences. Although the exact cause of bulimia
nervosa is unknown, it is most likely complex. The binge-like conduct linked to this
illness may be influenced by the anomalies in interoceptive function, notably of the
insula. Although the exact origin is unknown, scientists think a combination of genetic,
biochemical, psychological, social, and behavioral variables is to blame. Treatment for
bulimia will be more successful the sooner it is discovered. Treatments that work
concentrate on nutrition, self-worth, problem-solving, coping mechanisms, and mental
wellness. These therapies assist patients in the long-term maintenance of good
behaviors.
Prevalence of Tobacco Use and Alcohol Consumption among Adolescents
Authors: Jain Anushka , Keshri Ayushi , Deepali Kumari , Nandy Abhishek , Singh Aditi , Srivastava Apurva K.
Published: July 2024

Adolescence is a period in the life of an individual from 10 years to 19 years
of age. This stage is marked by rapid physical, cognitive, and psychosocial growth in
an individual and is a very crucial stage for their development. This is the time when
the foundations of a healthy or unhealthy lifestyle are laid, and these habits may
continue for a lifetime. Current research studies show high growth in the number of
adolescents involved in risky behaviors, and this has become a matter of concern. The
prevalence of risks in alcohol and tobacco consumption has increased tremendously.
Tobacco and alcohol are known to be ‘gateway drugs’ as they are the first to be
consumed when an individual starts such practices; the reasons are their easy
availability, peer influences, acculturation, or even family history of substance use
disorder. To decrease this and establish a healthy lifestyle, teenagers need proper
information and guidance, including opportunities that may lead them to actively
participate in interventions that are aimed to improve their physical and mental health.
Mostly, alcohol and tobacco are seen to be prevalent together. Adolescents who show
consistent drinking and tobacco smoking habits are more likely to show irritant, violent
behaviors. Also, they are at higher risk of developing drug habits like marijuana abuse
in their later stages of life.This chapter basically examines the generality of tobacco and alcohol consumption,
especially among adolescents, and the ways in which it causes harm to adolescents and
its side effects. It gives an overview of the social, physical, and psychological effects it
has on adolescents’ lifestyles. It also covers risk factors and smoking and alcohol
cessation efforts in the population. It gives special consideration to smoking cessation
treatment, which includes peer influences, motivation, and nicotine dependence.
Patient Safety Incident Reporting and Learning Guidelines Implemented by Health Care Professionals in Specialized Care Units: Scoping Review
Authors: Gqaleni Tusiwe Mabel , Mkhize Sipho Wellington , Chironda Geldine
Published: July 2024

Background

Implementing Patient Safety Incident Reporting and Learning (PSIRL) guidelines is critical in guiding clinical practice and improving clinical outcomes in specialized care units (SCUs). There is limited research on the evidence of the implemented PSIRL guidelines in SCUs at the global level.

Objective

This review aims to map the evidence of PSIRL guidelines implemented by health care professionals in specialized care units globally.

Methods

A scoping review methodology, according to Joanna Briggs Institute, was adopted. The eligibility criteria were guided by the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework, with the Population including health care professionals, the Concept including PSIRL guidelines, and the Context including specialized units globally. Papers written in English were searched from relevant databases and search engines. The PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist for used.

Results

The 13 selected studies were published from 2003 to 2023. Most articles are from the Netherlands and Switzerland (n=3), followed by South Africa (n=2). The nature of implemented PSIRL guidelines was computer-based (n=11) and paper-based incident reporting (n=2). The reporting system was intended for all the health care professionals within the specialized units, focusing on patients, staff members, and families. The outcomes of implemented incident reporting guidelines were positive, as evidenced by improved reporting of incidents, including medication errors (n=8) and decreased rate of incidents and errors (n=4). Furthermore, 1 study showed no change (n=1) in implementing the incident reporting guidelines.

Conclusions

The implementation of reporting of patient safety incidents (PSIs) in specialized units started to be reported around 2002; however, the frequency of yearly publications remains very low. Although some specialized units are still using multifaceted interventions and paper reporting systems in reporting PSIs, the implementation of electronic and computer-based reporting systems is gaining momentum. The effective implementation of an electronic-based reporting system should extend into other units beyond critical care units, as it increases the reporting of PSIs, reducing time to make an informed reporting of PSIs and immediate accessibility to information when needed for analysis. The evidence on the implementation of PSI reporting guidelines in SCUs comes from 5 different continents (Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe, and North America). However, the number identified for certain countries within each continent is very minimal.
Diagnostic Accuracy of a Mobile AI-Based Symptom Checker and a Web-Based Self-Referral Tool in Rheumatology: Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Knitza Johannes , Tascilar Koray , Fuchs Franziska , Mohn Jacob , Kuhn Sebastian , Bohr Daniela , Muehlensiepen Felix , Bergmann Christina , Labinsky Hannah , Morf Harriet , Araujo Elizabeth , Englbrecht Matthias , Vorbrüggen Wolfgang , von der Decken Cay-Benedict , Kleinert Stefan , Ramming Andreas , Distler Jörg H W , Bartz-Bazzanella Peter , Vuillerme Nicolas , Schett Georg , Welcker Martin , Hueber Axel
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The diagnosis of inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs) is often delayed due to unspecific symptoms and a shortage of rheumatologists. Digital diagnostic decision support systems (DDSSs) have the potential to expedite diagnosis and help patients navigate the health care system more efficiently.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of a mobile artificial intelligence (AI)–based symptom checker (Ada) and a web-based self-referral tool (Rheport) regarding IRDs.

METHODS

A prospective, multicenter, open-label, crossover randomized controlled trial was conducted with patients newly presenting to 3 rheumatology centers. Participants were randomly assigned to complete a symptom assessment using either Ada or Rheport. The primary outcome was the correct identification of IRDs by the DDSSs, defined as the presence of any IRD in the list of suggested diagnoses by Ada or achieving a prespecified threshold score with Rheport. The gold standard was the diagnosis made by rheumatologists.

RESULTS

A total of 600 patients were included, among whom 214 (35.7%) were diagnosed with an IRD. Most frequent IRD was rheumatoid arthritis with 69 (11.5%) patients. Rheport’s disease suggestion and Ada’s top 1 (D1) and top 5 (D5) disease suggestions demonstrated overall diagnostic accuracies of 52%, 63%, and 58%, respectively, for IRDs. Rheport showed a sensitivity of 62% and a specificity of 47% for IRDs. Ada’s D1 and D5 disease suggestions showed a sensitivity of 52% and 66%, respectively, and a specificity of 68% and 54%, respectively, concerning IRDs. Ada’s diagnostic accuracy regarding individual diagnoses was heterogenous, and Ada performed considerably better in identifying rheumatoid arthritis in comparison to other diagnoses (D1: 42%; D5: 64%). The Cohen κ statistic of Rheport for agreement on any rheumatic disease diagnosis with Ada D1 was 0.15 (95% CI 0.08-0.18) and with Ada D5 was 0.08 (95% CI 0.00-0.16), indicating poor agreement for the presence of any rheumatic disease between the 2 DDSSs.

CONCLUSIONS

To our knowledge, this is the largest comparative DDSS trial with actual use of DDSSs by patients. The diagnostic accuracies of both DDSSs for IRDs were not promising in this high-prevalence patient population. DDSSs may lead to a misuse of scarce health care resources. Our results underscore the need for stringent regulation and drastic improvements to ensure the safety and efficacy of DDSSs.

CLINICALTRIAL

German Register of Clinical Trials DRKS00017642; https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00017642
Exploring the Efficacy of Large Language Models in Summarizing Mental Health Counseling Sessions: Benchmark Study (Preprint)
Authors: Adhikary Prottay Kumar , Srivastava Aseem , Kumar Shivani , Singh Salam Michael , Manuja Puneet , Gopinath Jini K , Krishnan Vijay , Gupta Swati Kedia , Deb Koushik Sinha , Chakraborty Tanmoy
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Comprehensive session summaries enable effective continuity in mental health counseling, facilitating informed therapy planning. However, manual summarization presents a significant challenge, diverting experts’ attention from the core counseling process. Leveraging advances in automatic summarization to streamline the summarization process addresses this issue because this enables mental health professionals to access concise summaries of lengthy therapy sessions, thereby increasing their efficiency. However, existing approaches often overlook the nuanced intricacies inherent in counseling interactions.

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluates the effectiveness of state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) in selectively summarizing various components of therapy sessions through aspect-based summarization, aiming to benchmark their performance.

METHODS

We first created Mental Health Counseling-Component–Guided Dialogue Summaries, a benchmarking data set that consists of 191 counseling sessions with summaries focused on 3 distinct counseling components (also known as counseling aspects). Next, we assessed the capabilities of 11 state-of-the-art LLMs in addressing the task of counseling-component–guided summarization. The generated summaries were evaluated quantitatively using standard summarization metrics and verified qualitatively by mental health professionals.

RESULTS

Our findings demonstrated the superior performance of task-specific LLMs such as MentalLlama, Mistral, and MentalBART evaluated using standard quantitative metrics such as Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE)-1, ROUGE-2, ROUGE-L, and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers Score across all aspects of the counseling components. Furthermore, expert evaluation revealed that Mistral superseded both MentalLlama and MentalBART across 6 parameters: affective attitude, burden, ethicality, coherence, opportunity costs, and perceived effectiveness. However, these models exhibit a common weakness in terms of room for improvement in the opportunity costs and perceived effectiveness metrics.

CONCLUSIONS

While LLMs fine-tuned specifically on mental health domain data display better performance based on automatic evaluation scores, expert assessments indicate that these models are not yet reliable for clinical application. Further refinement and validation are necessary before their implementation in practice.