bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reclaiming Imagination
Authors: Velázquez Des , Beal Jesse , Perez Rosemary
Published: January 2024

Although recent scholarship is uncovering how racism manifests in gender and sexuality resource centers (GSRCs), there is little understanding of how queer and trans students who are Black, Indigenous, and other people of color (QTBIPOC) experience their GSRC, their hopes, and how practitioners apply this learning to center, serve, and support QTBIPOC students. In this case study at the University of Michigan's Spectrum Center (SC), the authors conducted a series of focus groups with undergraduate QTBIPOC students to learn about their perceptions of and engagement with SC. Findings include the impact of whiteness on QTBIPOC students and how this shapes their awareness of SC's programs and the negotiation of their multiple identities. Implications for practice include imagination and queer of color kinship and joy as strategies for disrupting white supremacy culture in GSRCs.
Blockchain Technology and Data Mining Tools for Combating Fraud
Authors: Gudimetla Satya Sekhar Venkata , Tirumalaraju Naveen
Published: January 2024

For the last few years, rapid digitalization has been observed in the world banking industry, which helped boost global economic growth. At the same time, fraud cases in the banking sector have been increasing immensely. Regulating authorities of banks nationwide have been issuing numerous circulars and guidelines for preventing fraud incidents. However, fraudsters are taking advantage of the digitalization of and shortfalls in the industry, by which the fraudsters easily defraud customers and banks. Hence, it resulted in a worsening of the asset quality of banks and a loss of public trust and confidence in the banking industry. In this regard, banks must be equipped with sophisticated technological tools for fraud identification and preventive measures apart from the conventional systems and procedures since core banking solutions in the banking industry have evolved drastically over the last few years. In this context, this chapter is intended to study the role of blockchain technology and data mining tools in identifying and preventing frauds in specific bank products.
Evolution of Entrepreneurship Education
Authors: Naidoo Vannie
Published: January 2024

Entrepreneurship is an important catalyst that contributes to a country's GDP. The government of a country must invest in entrepreneurship initiatives to ensure the economy's continued growth and sustainability. A good start would be to develop the skills, attitudes, and knowledge of entrepreneurs and potential entrepreneurs through entrepreneurial education. In a technologically advanced society, the unemployment rate has increased worldwide, and a factor that can stimulate the economy is entrepreneurship education, which motivates graduates to take up opportunities in the business environment and produce innovative goods and services. Entrepreneurial education can assist in developing the expertise of undergraduates so that they can become self-employed. Through education students of entrepreneurship can discover new behaviors, thinking, and training to become innovative, creative, and risk-taking entrepreneurs. This chapter will explore how entrepreneurial education has evolved over the years.
Industry 4.0 Entrepreneurship Education and Sustainability in a Game-Changing Post-COVID-19 Era
Authors: Popescu Cristina Raluca Gh. , Verma Rahul
Published: January 2024

In this day and age, the Fourth Industrial Revolution dominates the countries all around the world, making entrepreneurship education and sustainability two key drivers capable of triggering a period of tremendous prosperity and valuable growth. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic and the COVID-19 crisis shed a new light on the opportunities associated with entrepreneurship, thus enhancing individuals' creative, innovative, and social skills in order to foster new business models with the aid of the global goals. Furthermore, the post-COVID-19 era has to discover answers to outstanding questions such as: “Are entrepreneurship education and sustainability reliable tools for key emerging technologies like automation, additive manufacturing, and the Industrial Internet?”; “Does the future of inclusive and robust Sustainable Development (SD) implying new opportunities for local entrepreneurs due to Industry 4.0?”; and “Are countries ready for those entrepreneurship and education policies promoting new business practices models based on Artificial Intelligence?”
Mapping Research Gaps in Reported Skills Required for Women Entrepreneurs in Industry 4.0
Authors: Sharma Preeti , Verma Apoorva , Das Gupta Aparajita
Published: January 2024

The study suggests a theoretical framework that bridges the gap between the new entrepreneurship model and government policies required for women entrepreneurs. To test the suggested model and hypothesis, a survey of a sample of 289 women entrepreneurs (18-48) was conducted. Cronbach's alpha and a confirmatory factor analysis were used to determine the scale's reliability and validity. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was utilised to verify the given model and hypothesis. In this research, six hypotheses were tested, and it was found that the hypotheses were showing a direct relationship. Specifically, the result of SEM showed that the latent variables HC (human capital), SC (social capital), DMC (digital market competence), FL (financial literacy), TP (technological proficiency), and FTA (financial technological awareness) have direct relationship with the observed variable entrepreneur abilities (EA). This study fills this research gap.
A Critical Analysis of Push, Pull, Bottleneck, and Road Ahead of E-Learning in India
Authors: Sinha Bhagawan Chandra , Sinha Hariom Sharan
Published: January 2024

In contrast to traditional campus settings, information and communication technology (ICT) enabled pedagogy is what is known as online/web based/e- learning primarily relies on a virtual campus where face-to-face interaction does not occur frequently. Digital technology, primarily the internet or a computer, is used as the primary teaching tool in online learning ecosystem. This book chapter in its endeavour critically analyses push, pull, bottleneck and road ahead of online learning in India at the same time provides recommendations to make e-learning effective and efficient. The book chapter discusses need, opportunity, and present status of online learning in India post covid pandemic era. The chapter concludes that e-learning in India has rapidly grown and transformed the education landscape by providing accessible, flexible, and diverse learning opportunities. While it brings many benefits, there are also challenges to overcome, especially in terms of ensuring equitable access and maintaining educational quality.
Comparative Analysis
Authors: Jain Palakh , Jain Megha , Chattopadhyay Nilanjan , Jain Tinu , Rohatgi Mukta
Published: January 2024

Inviting foreign direct investment by any nation garners the benefits of spill-over effects across sectors, and industries under industry revolution era 4.0. The current study explores the key factors that shall be sufficiently pursued in order to assign relevance among the different factors that facilitate FDI via corporates in an industrialized economy. Given this background, this chapter aims to summarize the findings of FDI OLI factor framework over other factors such as ease of doing business, exchange rate volatility to understand and evaluate the relevant factors behind the international positioning of companies across industries and categories in the era of industry revolution. The authors have conducted it by performing a comparative analysis across the companies and categories in the current study. The analysis is not limited to comparison; it also focuses on patterns across companies under the industrialized era. The chapter concludes with key inferences on the applicability of OLI factors with an indication of the future scope of further studies to promote Industry 4.0.
Enhancing Medical Services Through Machine Learning and UAV Technology
Authors: Saeed Rashid A. , Saeed Mamoon M. , Ahmed Zeinab E. , Hashim Aisha H. A.
Published: January 2024

This chapter focuses on the enhancement of medical services through the integration of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology and machine learning algorithms. It explores the broad spectrum of applications and benefits that arise from combining these two technologies. By employing UAVs for automated delivery, medical supplies can be efficiently transported to remote or inaccessible regions, thereby improving access to vital items. Remote patient monitoring, facilitated through UAVs and machine learning, enables real-time data collection and analysis, enabling the early identification of health issues. UAVs equipped with medical equipment and machine learning capabilities enhance emergency medical response by providing immediate assistance during critical situations. Disease surveillance and outbreak management can benefit from the use of UAVs and machine-learning algorithms to identify disease hotspots and predict the spread of illnesses.
Effects of Gluten on Health
Authors: Bayrakci Ipek , Aktar Tugba
Published: January 2024

This chapter discusses the role of carbohydrates in nutrition, with particular emphasis on grains and their importance as a source of protein, fiber, and micronutrients. It also explores the negative effects that gluten, a storage protein found in grains, can have on some individuals, leading to disorders such as celiac disease, wheat ataxia, wheat allergy, and dermatitis herpetiformis. The primary treatment for such conditions is to remove gluten from the diet, but this can lead to a reduction in fiber intake and an increase in fat intake. The chapter then looks at the important role gluten plays in dough rheology, particularly in baking, and considers the challenges faced by those who must follow a gluten-free diet. Finally, it examines the potential of pseudocereals such as quinoa, amaranth, and buckwheat as substitutes for gluten-containing grains with their potential usage in the food industry and daily nutrition routines.
Enhanced Ionic Conductivity of Fluoride-Doped LiTi2(PO4)3 as Solid Electrolyte of Lithium-Ion Battery
Authors: Rial Afif Muhammad , Pratiwi Vania Mitha , Noerochim Lukman
Published: January 2024

In this study, LiTi2(PO4)3 (LTP) was synthesized by the addition of lithium fluoride (LiF) of 0 %, 5 %, and 10 wt.%. A wet solid-state reaction method is applied by mixing Li2CO3, TiO2, and NH4H2PO4 into a ball mill, then calcined at 900o C for 12 hr. XRD pattern of Fluoride-doped LTP is indexed and found in two phases. First is the Nasicon phase (LiTi2(PO4)3) with rhombohedral structure, and second, the Olivine phase (LiTiPO5) with orthorhombic structure at the addition of 5 % and 10 wt. % of LiF. The higher LiF decreases the cell volume while the crystallite size, particle size, and material density increase. The morphology of the Fluoride-doped LTP is increasingly homogeneous and more rectangle-shape. LTP 2, adding 10 wt. % of LiF, has high ionic conductivity at 4.77 10-4 S cm-1 as a promising candidate material for solid-electrolyte of lithium-ion battery.
An Overview of Chemical Constituents, Medicinal Properties, Clinical Trials, and Patents of Twigs of Morus alba (Ramulus Mori)
Authors: Chan Eric Wei Chiang , Chan Hung Tuck , Wong Siu Kuin
Published: January 2024

The rich chemical constituents and diverse pharmacological properties of Ramulus Mori (RM) or the twig of Morus alba with evidence supported by clinical trials and patents are reviewed. Known as Sangzhi in Chinese, RM is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat gout, arthritis, and rheumatism. Chemical constituents include flavonoids, benzofurans, alkaloids, stilbenes, chalcones, phenolic acids, and coumarins. Bioactivities of RM include antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, antityrosinase, neuroprotective, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cytoprotective, renoprotective, antihyperuricemic, analgesic, antifungal, DNA protective, anticancer, gastroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-hair aging, anti-arthritic, and antiplatelet aggregation properties. The most active compounds from RM are mulberrin, oxyresveratrol, and mulberroside A. All four clinical trials on RM are focused on the treatment of diabetes. The patents entail using RM extracts as cosmetics for skin whitening and as agents for hypoglycemia. Topics for further research on RM are suggested.
Rehabilitation of Acquired Maxillary and Mandibular Defects Secondary to Mucormycosis - A Case Series
Authors: Pandya Haren B. , Bhad Kaustubh M. , Patel Vimesh R. , Diwan Shaswat R. , Dave Harsh Manoj
Published: January 2024

Rationale:

To suggest a directing algorithm for rehabilitative management of complex soft and hard tissue defects due to mucormycosis.

Patient Concerns:

An utmost need for surgical, reconstructive and rehabilitative options; functional, aesthetic, acceptable to the patient and enduring rehabilitation.

Diagnosis:

Different cases of rhinomaxillary mucormycosis pertaining to the facial skeleton, diagnosed with the help of radiographic as well as fungal cultures.

Treatment:

Thorough medical assessment, and antifungal prescription; followed by surgical resection of the affected areas, rigorous follow-up scheme and later rehabilitation with the help of implants and immediate loading.

Outcomes:

Regular follow-ups for at least one year and successful rehabilitation providing acceptable functional outcomes.

Take-away Lessons:

Unconventional pathologies like rhinomaxillary mucormycosis infecting the jaws require novel, unprecedented and elaborate procedures both surgical and reconstructive based on sound scientific principles. There must be a vision for the rehabilitation of such cases right from the commencement of the surgical treatment.
Simulation in airway management teaching and training
Authors: Maurya Indubala , Ahmed Syed M. , Garg Rakesh
Published: January 2024

There is a gradual shift in training and teaching methods in the medical field. We are slowly moving from the traditional model and adopting active learning methods like simulation-based training. Airway management is an essential clinical skill for any anaesthesiologist, and a trained anaesthesiologist must perform quick and definitive airway management using various techniques. Airway simulations have been used for the past few decades. It ensures active involvement, upgrading the trainees’ airway management knowledge and skills, including basic airway skills, invasive procedures, and difficult clinical scenarios. Trainees also learn non-technical skills such as communication, teamwork, and coordination. A wide range of airway simulators are available. However, texture surface characteristics vary from one type to another. The simulation-based airway management training requires availability, understanding, faculty development, and a structured curriculum for effective delivery. This article explored the available evidence on simulation-based airway management teaching and training.
Simcrafting: A comprehensive framework for scenario development for simulation
Authors: Das Smita , Ahmed Syed M. , Murry Lumchio L. , Garg Rakesh
Published: January 2024

Simulation can be an excellent teaching and learning method if the scenarios are created appropriately. It starts with assessing the learner’s needs and is followed by laying down objectives embracing the SMART principles. While creating a scenario, it is essential to consider the different aspects of realism, such as physical, contextual and psychological aspects. Using moulages and props helps in creating physical realism. The simulation expert should also be aware of the learner’s experience and decide the SimZones for their learners based on their level of clinical expertise. The scenario progression needs to be laid down in stages. The role of the embedded participant needs to be decided a priori, and the embedded participant should be well-versed in their role. Pilot testing is a crucial step in simulation development as it keeps the simulation expert aware of the loopholes in the simulation scenario before running.
Simultaneous simple limbal epithelial transplant and Descemet’s stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty for a case of presumed “Munchausen syndrome by proxy”: A novel surgical technique
Authors: Swarup Rishi , Tripathi Anchal , Kotagiri Sravanthy
Published: January 2024

We attempt to introduce the technique of the application of simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET) and Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in the same eye at the same sitting for a case of unilateral total limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) with endothelial decompensation and scarring. The operated eye showed significant healing within 6 months of the surgery. To our knowledge, this is the first case of unilateral total LSCD with endothelial decompensation and scarring managed by both SLET and DSAEK in the same eye.
Corneal thinning and deteriorating vision in a patient with urethritis
Authors: Nolan Ryan P , Mathew Abraham J , Sayed-Ahmed Ibrahim O , Al-Mohtaseb Zaina
Published: January 2024

Gonococcal keratoconjunctivitis is a rare infection most often occurring in the setting of preexisting urethritis. Prompt complete eradication of the infection is vital for the prevention of corneal perforation. The authors present a case of gonococcal keratoconjunctivitis in the setting of untreated urethritis in a 34-year-old male. Given his degree of marginal corneal thinning, the patient was admitted for treatment and required an amniotic membrane graft. The patient returned to baseline following treatment. The authors highlight the role that irrigating the corneal gutter played in the complete eradication of the infection, along with the roles of other treatment modalities, including antibiotics, corticosteroids, and surgical options.
A rare presentation of pupillary block glaucoma and persistent tunica vasculosa lentis in Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome
Authors: Kadava Harshitha , Senthil Sirisha
Published: January 2024

Phacomatoses are a group of neurocutaneous disorders characterized by vascular and pigmentary birthmarks, often involving multiple organ systems. Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome (KTS), a rare phacomatosis, is characterized by the classical triad of cutaneous capillary hemangiomas, venous malformations, and soft tissue overgrowth. Glaucoma secondary to angle dysgenesis, raised episcleral venous pressure, or excess angle pigmentation is observed. We report a case of KTS that presented with cutaneous capillary hemangiomas and limb hypertrophy along with unilateral buphthalmos. This eye was noted to have persistent tunica vasculosa lentis and persistent pupillary membrane with pupillary block glaucoma that was treated with pupilloplasty. To the best of our knowledge, this mechanism of glaucoma in KTS has not been reported before. The purpose of this article is to document this rare presentation as well as highlight the importance of detecting the underlying mechanism for appropriate management.
Surgical management of bilateral isolated ectopia lentis – A case report
Authors: Ambereen Aaliya , Madhivannan Nivean , Nivean Pratheeba D , Sekaran Sangeetha , Natarajan Madhivannan
Published: January 2024

A 28-year-old female presented with diplopia for 3 years. The patient was a high myope with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 6/18, N6 in the right eye (RE) and 5/60, N36 in the left eye (LE). RE showed mild inferotemporal ectopia lentis with zonular dialysis of 2 clock hours and LE showed moderate temporal ectopia lentis with zonular dialysis of 6 clock hours, with cataractous changes in both eyes. Systemic examination was unremarkable with no trauma history. Patient underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with capsular tension ring in RE and lensectomy with pars plana vitrectomy and secondary IOL implantation (CM T-Flex IOL) in LE.
Superior segmental optic nerve hypoplasia with normotensive glaucoma: A case report
Authors: Gurumoorthy Preethi , Ramanathan Anjana , Mohan Neethu
Published: January 2024

We report a 27-year-old woman with a cup disk ratio of 0.75:1, with a focal superior neuroretinal rim loss and corresponding nerve fiber layer defect in both eyes. Intraocular pressure was 10 mm Hg in both eyes with normal anterior segment. Perimetry showed inferior arcuate defects in both eyes. A diagnosis of superior segmental optic nerve hypoplasia (SSOH) was made. On follow-up, there was progression in field defects, which were confirmed by repeat field tests, despite normal intraocular pressures. We concluded that there was coexisting normotensive glaucoma (NTG) in this patient.
Teleophthalmology in revolutionizing postoperative management of therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Garg Aastha , Satija Garima , Acharya Manisha , Kumar Mukesh
Published: January 2024

This case report highlights the successful management of a patient with microbial keratitis who underwent urgent therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty and received postoperative follow-up through teleconsultation during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The use of teleophthalmology allowed for remote monitoring of the patient’s graft survival, medication administration, and treatment compliance. The benefits of teleophthalmology are manifold. Teleophthalmology has proven to be invaluable for specialized eye care, reducing socioeconomic burdens, and improving access to health care, particularly in rural areas. This report demonstrates potential of teleconsultation in postoperative care. However, there is still need for further advancement in technology and infrastructure to optimize teleophthalmology services.
Epiretinal membrane formation associated with letrozole therapy – Two case reports
Authors: Hareendran Hridya , Nair R Unnikrishnan , Soman Manoj , Vijayan Varsha
Published: January 2024

Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, is being increasingly used for adjuvant endocrine therapy in hormone-positive postmenopausal breast cancer. Although aromatase inhibitors are thought to increase vitreoretinal traction by causing estrogen reduction, posterior segment complications of letrozole are sparsely reported. We report two cases of presumed epiretinal membrane formation in postmenopausal, hormone receptor–positive breast cancer patients on adjuvant letrozole therapy.
A rare case of ocular pterygium in a young boy with congenital lamellar ichthyosis
Authors: Hegde Shubratha S , Dharwadkar Sandhya , Athira K , Shaji Harsha
Published: January 2024

Congenital lamellar ichthyosis is a rare dermato-ocular disease occurring in 1:300,000 population and is autosomal recessive. The most common ocular manifestation reported is cicatricial ectropion. Other symptoms include exposure keratopathy (secondary to ectropion), trichiasis, madarosis, deficit of the meibomian glands, and absence of lacrimal punctum. There are no reports of primary conjunctival involvement. We report a case of grade 3 pterygium in a young boy with congenital lamellar ichthyosis probably secondary to limbal stem cell deficiency.
Capsule block syndrome – A case series
Authors: Paritekar Prajakta
Published: January 2024

The Purpose of the study was to describe 4 cases of Capsule Block Syndrome. The cases described in this study presented to a Tertiary Eye Care Hospital OPD for undergoing cataract surgery. It was a Prospective Case Series. Four patients who underwent uneventful cataract surgery and developed Capsule Block Syndrome (CBS) were observed for 1 month post operative period. Their post operative unaided and best corrected vision, slit lamp examination findings were noted. We observed that all 4 patients showed Early non cellular CBS, all 4 patients were hyperopic and were implanted with Indian Hydrophobic IOL in the bag. This observation was unusual from the cases described in the literature. In management plan, two patients required ND YAG Capsulotomy whereas 2 resolved spontaneously. We concluded that CBS is a rare but known complication of cataract surgery. It can be avoided by doing thorough OVD wash after IOL implantation. Some cases may improve spontaneously while some may require intervention like ND YAG posterior capsulotomy to relieve the distension.
Late metastasis in bilateral familial retinoblastoma and review of literature
Authors: DeCesare Thomas , Tiwari Nishant , Williams James A , Ramasubramanian Aparna
Published: January 2024

A 5-year-old female with bilateral familial retinoblastoma (Group A, Group C) was treated with systemic chemotherapy and three cycles of intra-arterial chemotherapy. She was being followed closely and had no evidence of intraocular recurrence for 4 years. She developed isolated femoral metastasis 5 years after initial diagnosis and was treated with high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplant. This case emphasizes the need for metastatic monitoring for low-grade retinoblastoma and points toward delayed tumor latency.
Pleomorphic adenoma of the upper eyelid: A rare clinical presentation and review of literature
Authors: Minj Anita , Mohapatra Debahuti , Panigrahi Pradeep K , Hanisha Dega
Published: January 2024

A 26-year-old male presented with a cystic mass in the right upper eyelid of 3 years duration. The lesion was 1.0 cm × 1.0 cm in size with a smooth surface, nontender, and freely mobile under the skin. Complete surgical excision of the lesion was done under local anesthesia. The histopathological findings were suggestive of a pleomorphic adenoma (PA) of the right upper eyelid. PA of the eyelid is a rare tumor and needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of eyelid mass lesions. Complete excision can help prevent future recurrences.
Hemophilus influenzae subconjunctival abscess in an adult patient: A case report
Authors: Mas-Castells Maria , Kandola Hardeep Singh , Leak Christopher , Kang Swan
Published: January 2024

Subconjunctival abscesses following bacterial conjunctivitis are rare as few bacterial species can penetrate intact conjunctiva. This case reports a Hemophilus influenzae (HI) subconjunctival abscess in an immunocompetent adult. This case presented as unilateral bacterial conjunctivitis, with significant redness and discharge. However, the presumed conjunctivitis did not show any improvement with the initial topical antibiotics treatment. Further examination revealed a superior conjunctival abscess with purulent discharge; hence, the patient was started on topical and oral antibiotics, with complete resolution in 4 weeks. Bacteriological cultures of the discharge revealed HI. This case highlights the importance of a comprehensive clinical examination and the use of microbiology investigations to aid in the diagnosis of atypical conjunctivitis cases.
Goniotomy for pigmentary glaucoma: Case series report
Authors: Zhang Yu , Lin Fengbin , Song Yunhe , Zhang Xiulan
Published: January 2024

Pigmentary glaucoma (PG) is characterized by pigment deposition in the trabecular meshwork, which may obstruct the aqueous outflow and result in elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) with optic nerve damage associated with visual field defect. There were three eyes (two patients) of PG who underwent 120° and 240° goniotomy (GT). At the 12-month follow-up visit, IOP of all cases was controlled with a reduction of ocular hypotensive medications. In conclusion, GT is effective and safe for PG, with the advantage of preserving the conjunctiva, and may be an appropriate surgical treatment for PG.
A rare occurrence of superior retinochoroidal coloboma: A case report
Authors: Mukerjee Sayan , Patwardhan Sourabh , Patwardhan Nidhi
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

To brief a rare case of superior retinochoroidal coloboma and to analyze the possible embryogenic aspects involved in its provenance.

Method:

A case report.

Result:

This case report highlights an 11-year-old myopic girl who presented with diminution of vision in both eyes for the past 1 year. She had no other specific ocular complaints. The best corrected visual acuity was 6/18p and N24 in the left eye (OS) and 6/6 and N6 in the right eye (OD) at 30 cm. On detailed examination, all ocular structures were found to be normal except the fundus, which showed superior choroidal coloboma with foveal involvement in OS, with OD being normal. This is a rare phenomenon as most often, ocular coloboma is located in the inferior nasal quadrant with the involvement of the iris and/or crystalline lens.

Conclusion:

The rare finding in this case is the location of coloboma at the superior quadrant. Moreover, this coloboma case spares the iris and crystalline lens, making it even rarer in the category, considering the uncommonness of such cases.
Pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy (PPRCA)
Authors: Bobby Sarungbam
Published: January 2024

Pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy (PPRCA) is a rare disorder of unknown etiology. The disease is characterized by pigment accumulation along the distribution of retinal veins with retinochoroidal atrophy. The findings are usually incidental with minimal effect on vision. The diagnosis is made with a clinical examination due to the peculiar retinal findings.
Anterior migration of a posterior segment scleral band: A case report with review of literature
Authors: Patnaik Gazal , Das Debmalya , Ramanadhane Raghulnadhan
Published: January 2024

Scleral bands are an age-old surgical technique used for attaching the detached retina with a rhegmatogenous component. It has been associated with multiple ocular complications. However, anterior migration into the cornea is very rare. We report the unique case of a 17-year-old patient who presented with spontaneous intracorneal migration of the silicon band post-scleral buckling. We demonstrate the utility of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in such a scenario demonstrating the extent of the intrusion of the band into the intracorneal tissue. Migrated scleral bands usually need explantation if there is an extrusion or associated retinal detachment, or if the migration has led to an intraocular pressure change or any extraocular motility disturbance causing diplopia. We also narrate the other similar cases of anterior migration of the scleral band in detail.
Sympathetic ophthalmia with vasculitis and perivascular scars
Authors: Kawali Ankush , Patil Aditya , Mishra Sai-Bhakti , Mahendradas Padmamalini , Shetty Rohit
Published: January 2024

Purulent infection of the exciting eye in sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) is believed to confer protection against the development of SO. Vasculitis with perivascular chorioretinal scars (PCRS) is rarely seen in SO. We report a child who developed SO while on treatment for traumatic endophthalmitis. Along with a typical picture of SO, exudative retinal vasculitis was seen, which developed PCRS at a resolution similar to tubercular vasculitis. Remission was achieved with 5 years of immunomodulatory therapy. No recurrence was seen during the next 2.5 years of follow-up without medications. Our case highlights atypical presentation and refutes the theory that purulent infection may be protective against SO.
Solitary Ileal Hemangioma in a 3-year-old Male
Authors: Singh Jitendra Kumar , Solanki Prakshi , Usmani Kaleem
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Hemangiomas are rare small bowel tumors requiring a high index of suspicion for diagnosis. We present a case of ileal hemangioma in a 3-year-old male presenting with recurrent anemia. The patient was diagnosed with a contrast-enhanced computed tomography abdomen and managed surgically by resection and anastomosis. Histopathologically, it was a solitary ileal cavernous hemangioma with a submucosal infiltrative pattern with serosa involvement and a normal mucosa.
Comparison of the Surgical Outcomes in Neonates with Left-sided Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia with Only Skin Closure versus Abdominal Muscle Closure
Authors: Vutukuru Sravanthi , Menon Prema , Solanki Shailesh
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

This study aims to compare the outcome of neonatal left congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH, Bochdalek type) repair through laparotomy with and without abdominal muscle closure.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study was conducted between January 2012 and May 2021 at a neonatal surgical unit of a Tertiary Care Center. Demographic details, preoperative management, Two-dimensional-echo, intra-operative findings, postoperative course, and follow-up data were collected and analyzed.

Results:

The study group comprised 50 neonates with a mean standard deviation (SD) age at admission: 4.44 (5.12) days, male: female ratio of 3:2, and mean (SD) weight: 2.73 (0.51) kg. Following repair of the diaphragmatic defect through laparotomy, 26 (52%) underwent skin closure alone, whereas 24 (48%) underwent abdominal muscle closure. Postoperatively, there was a significant fall in the level of platelets (P = 0.021), increase in pressure support by at least 4–5 cm H2O (P = 0.027), and increase in the blood urea (P < 0.001), creatinine (P = 0.005), lactate (P = 0.019), and acidosis (P = 0.048) in the muscle closure group. Although not statistically significant, there was a fall in the urine output and blood pressure in this group. There was no significant difference in the duration of inotropes. Mortality was 8 (32%) in the skin closure group, and 14 (61%) in the muscle closure group (P = 0.05).

Conclusions:

Neonates undergoing left CDH repair through the abdominal route with skin closure alone, had better survival, as well as hematological, renal, and ventilatory parameters than those who underwent muscle closure. It is a useful surgical modification to improve outcome in centers with limited facilities.
Chronic Nonhealing Wound Due To Iatrogenic Foreign Body— A Case Report
Authors: Thakur Ashokanand , Sharma Ankita
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

A 5-year-old male child presented with nonhealing wound on the left scapular region. He had a history of multiple abscesses 8 months back. Incision and drainage were done for all abscesses in the same sitting at another hospital. All wounds healed except one of the scapular regions. The wound was explored and there was large cotton gauze inside the wound. The common causes of nonhealing of wound are tuberculosis, malignancy, and immunodeficiency. However, iatrogenic foreign body is also an important cause and should be considered in differential diagnosis. Careful history, wound examination, and radiological investigations are an important tool for diagnosis of retained foreign bodies. The scientific term for the retained foreign body is gossypiboma or textiloma.
COVID-19 pandemic, medications, and antimicrobial resistance in India: A cascade of events
Authors: Sharma Anuradha , Inder Deep , Agarwal Anjali , Garg Deepali
Published: January 2024

SARS-CoV-2, a RNA virus emerged in Wuhan, China, in 2019, became a global cause of pandemic due to high transmissibility of virus. The devastation caused by the virus led to huge morbidity and mortality and left people with sense of inexpressible grief, social isolation, and health insecurity. Present narrative review discusses the plethora of events during the time of fear that led to irrational use of medicines and disinfectants which contributed to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and secondary fungal infections in India. We reappraised data of last 3 years (2020–2022) that were retrieved using EMBASE, Cochrane Registry of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and Database of Abstracts of Reviews (OvidSP). We used secondary data for the narrative review article with core competency as medication knowledge and AMR during pandemic. The available evidence from secondary data from studies across the globe suggests that repurposing of drugs has immensely contributed to adverse effects and AMR. Now, it is right time to monitor long-term impact of repurposing of drugs, including antibiotics used during pandemic. Antimicrobial stewardship should be aligned for selecting appropriate empirical therapy and timely de-escalation of antimicrobials infections. Educating healthcare professionals, undergraduate students, patients, and public through various awareness programs may inculcate concerns related to rational use of drugs and threat of AMR in view of any future pandemic.
A Step toward Sustainability: A Review of Biodegradable Packaging in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Ashiwaju Bankole Ibrahim , Orikpete Ochuko Felix , Fawole Akeeb Adepoju , Alade Elesho Yusuf , Odogwu Casandra
Published: January 2024

In an era marked by a burgeoning environmental crisis, the pharmaceutical industry’s reliance on nonbiodegradable packaging has become a pressing concern. This comprehensive review marks a pioneering effort to examine the entire spectrum of pharmaceutical packaging, from traditional materials to innovative biodegradable alternatives, with an emphasis on the industry’s role in sustainability. Beginning with a detailed investigation into the prevalent materials and their environmental impact, the review unveils a landscape riddled with challenges but ripe with opportunities. By delving into biodegradable packaging technologies, including polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, and other biopolymers, we present a cogent roadmap toward an eco-friendly future. Our analysis further extends to the intricate web of regulations, market dynamics, consumer behavior, real-world applications, and critical future directions. The study culminates in a robust set of recommendations that amalgamate scientific innovation with practical strategies, thus setting a precedent for collaborative action. This review stands as a seminal contribution to the field, offering a holistic perspective on an issue central to global sustainability and human well-being. Its findings not only underline the feasibility of transitioning to sustainable packaging within the pharmaceutical industry but also underscore the urgency of this shift. The paper concludes with a resonant call to action, inviting all stakeholders to partake in a collective endeavor that transcends conventional boundaries and illuminates a path toward a greener, healthier world.
Effect of anthropized water on eukaryotic organisms
Authors: Kasper Natan , Baroni Suzymeire , Barcelos Rodrigo Patera
Published: January 2024

This work explored whether anthropized environments have the potential to promote cellular alterations in eukaryotic organisms. Wild fish that are in constant contact with anthropized water were evaluated using the following variables: presence of nuclear alterations and micronuclei in erythrocytes using the Feulgen method; and tissue analysis of the gills and liver through histological sections using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. Therefore, 200 individuals were analyzed over 24 months. The results show that these environments are promoters of significant changes in liver and gill tissue and induce nuclear changes in erythrocytes. The analyses were subjected to statistical tests at a significance level of 0.5%.

Keywords: aquatic environments, bioindicator, genotoxicity, histopathology.
Use of singular spectral analysis to reconstruct average monthly flow time series with complex behavior
Authors: Bleidorn Michel Trarbach , Schmidt Isamara Maria , Reis José Antonio Tosta dos , Mendonça Antônio Sérgio Ferreira , Pinto Wanderson de Paula , Brasil Gutemberg Hespanha
Published: January 2024

Time series analysis is a useful tool for many practical water resource management applications, such as planning and anticipating conflict around water use. These analyses are also necessary for the use, design and operation of hydrotechnical works and for the protection of aquatic ecosystems. Basically, his review focuses on classic models such as Box and Jenkins. However, restrictive assumptions about data and residuals make its use difficult. As an alternative, non-parametric approaches are interesting due to their application versatility. One of the techniques that has been widely used in the analysis of flow time series is Singular Spectral Analysis (SSA). However, its application is concentrated as a pre-processor or in hybrid approaches and, because of this, many studies focus only on the model to be improved, leaving gaps in the process understanding that underlie the SSA. Within this context, and because of this, the objective of this study is to present the SSA technique in detail, through an application to a time series of monthly average flows with complex behavior (Jucu River, located in Southeast Brazil), in order to overcome gaps associated to a rigorous understanding of the procedures that make up the SSA. The Sequential SSA technique was used to decompose signal and noise components. The reconstructed series preserved the dynamics of the observed series, suggesting a strong influence of the signal component (trend and seasonality) on its behavior. It’s expected that the technique can be used with greater fluidity by specialists and contribute to the management of water resources.

Keywords: decomposition, reconstruction, singular spectrum analysis.
Evaluación del protagonista-antagonista en los contenidos audiovisuales dirigidos a la infancia en cadenas de televisión españolas
Authors: López-Sánchez Carmen , Tur-Viñes Victoria , García del Castillo Rodríguez José Antonio
Published: January 2024

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar  el perfil del protagonista- antagonista  en todos los géneros de contenidos televisivos que se programan en las franjas infantiles en las cadenas de televisión españolas, analizando variables como: tipo y número, edad, género, nacionalidad, destrezas, relación entre los personajes, caracterización del personaje, medios que emplean para conseguir objetivos, consecuencias de la acción del protagonista sobre el antagonista y viceversa. La muestra consta de 168 series analizadas mediante un análisis de contenido descriptivo y un multivariante. Podemos destacar que en más del 50% de las series no existe antagonista y cuando lo hay, el más habitual es un humano único, apareciendo en más del 15% de las series, seguido con algo más del 10% como criatura fantástica. En el 80% de las series las destrezas de los protagonistas son sociales y humanas, y el 45,24% el tipo de destreza es la inteligencia.
La regulación del pluralismo en Francia. Contexto, análisis e interpretación
Authors: Almiron Roig Núria
Published: January 2024

El presente artículo ofrece una visión histórica y a la vez actualizada de la regulación de los medios de comunicación en Francia con respecto a la protección del pluralismo. Para ello se ha realizado un estudio del marco legal aplicable a los medios de comunicación en este país, que se ha complementado con la visión de expertos académicos y profesionales, periodistas, representantes sindicales, miembros de organismos públicos del audiovisual y personalidades con conocimiento profundo del sector de los medios de comunicación francés. Esta visión fue obtenida a través de entrevistas en profundidad y consultas realizadas durante diversas estancias en París que se prolongaron durante un mes y medio entre 2008 y 2009. El análisis revela un marco legal altamente complejo, vasto y de difícil, sino imposible, aplicación que utiliza múltiples mecanismos e instrumentos para garantizar el pluralismo tanto externo (concentración empresarial, principalmente) como interno (contenidos). El resultado es un escenario que se erige como paroxismo de hiperegulación ineficaz, en lo que la autora interpreta como resultado de la lucha librada, de forma especialmente feroz en Francia, entre las dos grandes fuerzas modernas: los valores democráticos igualitarios y solidarios, de tan honda tradición en la República francesa, y el capitalismo neoliberal basado en la acumulación material y el individualismo.
Webs usables y accesibles en PYMEs. Retos para el futuro
Authors: García-García María , Castillo Díaz Ana
Published: January 2024

En un entorno cada vez más competitivo en el que Internet ocupa un lugar destacado, trasladar la marca del entorno offline al online para una empresa, se ha convertido en una cuestión vital. La usabilidad y la accesibilidad se han erigido como pilares fundamentales que propician una adecuada transmisión de cualquier marca a través de la Red. Disponer de páginas webs usables y accesibles facilitará la navegación por la web, mejorará la imagen de la empresa y fidelizará a los usuarios de la marca a través de la web.

El presente artículo es el resultado de una investigación en la que se ha analizado cómo las PYMEs se comunican con sus públicos basándose en la usabilidad y la accesibilidad como pilares sustentadores de la marca en el entorno online. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la usabilidad es un aspecto tenido en cuenta por las PYMEs, si bien, más como un elemento tecnológico que de transmisión de marca. La accesibilidad ocupa un lugar secundario en el diseño de las webs, ya que carecen de ningún estándar que las acredite y la preocupación por la misma no se traduce en páginas totalmente accesibles. Se puede decir que la preocupación por transmitir la marca es incipiente pero que, actualmente, las PYMEs no hacen uso de todo el potencial que les brinda la red.
Comunicación digital y política en Aragón. Una fórmula para la bidireccionalidad en la interacción entre políticos y ciudadanos
Authors: Cabezuelo-Lorenzo Francisco , Ruiz Carreras María
Published: January 2024

Esta investigación presenta los blogs como una herramienta innovadora y rica para la comunicación política. Los blogs pueden facilitar una comunicación bidireccional y verdadera interacción entre ciudadanos y políticos. El artículo analiza en profundidad el contenido, uso y características de cinco blogs de líderes políticos aragoneses y detecta debilidades en su uso. A pesar de todo, esta propuesta anima a los partidos políticos a volcarse en el uso de blogs y otras opciones digitales, no sólo en tiempos de campaña electoral para aumentar la reputación de los líderes políticos, sino de forma continuada, y muy especialmente en momentos de interés especial para la ciudadanía. El estudio demuestra que el uso de blogs por parte de los políticos aragoneses ha dejado de ser un simple fenómeno y se ha convertido en una realidad. También se constata que el uso que se hace de los blogs es mayoritariamente pre-electoral, en menor medida que como elemento de comunicación para fomentar la democracia. Se ha observado una utilización de los blogs de políticos como ayuda a la superación de crisis o baches para compensar opiniones negativas debidas a ciertas actuaciones comprometidas.
ASESMEN KINERJA BERPIKIR KRITIS PADA PRAKTIKUM MIKROBIOLOGI
Authors: Karmila Fitriyah
Published: January 2024

Kecakapan dari peserta didik dalam melakukan aktivitas di di dalam kelas merupakan hal yang dinilai dalam asesmen kinerja. Dalam penilaian atau asesmen kinerja, aktifitas peserta didik dapat berupa aktifitas penyelidikan sains atau kemampuan memecahkan permasalahan. Penugasan kinerja mampu memberikan informasi tentang potensi serta kesenjangan masing-masing peserta didik. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti bermaksud untuk mengembangkan sebuah rubrik asesmen kinerja berpikir kritis pada praktikum mikrobiologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode DBR atau Design Based Research. DBR ini digunakan untuk penelitian berbasis pengembangan yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah produk agar layak untuk digunakan.. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh mahasiswa Tadris biologi IAIN Ternate, Maluku Utara. Sampel penelitian adalah mahasiswa Tadris Biologi semester V berjumlah 12 orang. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner, studi dokumentasi dan lembar mekanisme. Pada penelitian ini, teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah model Miles dan Huberman. Teknis analisis data terdiri dari tiga tahap. Rubrik asesmen kinerja berpikir kritis pada praktikum mikrobiologi telah melalui serangkaan tahapan dan dapat dikatakan layak untuk digunakan pada proses asesmen kinerja untuk mengetahui ketercapaian keterampilan berpikir kritis pada proses pembelajaran praktikum mikrobiologi. Penelitian ini dapat dikembangkan lebih lanjut seperti mendigitalisasikan rubrik asesmen kinerja agar dapat mengikuti perkembangan zaman. Kemudian, rubrik juga dapat dikembangkan untuk asesmen pencapaian keterampilan abad 21 yang lain selain dari berpikir kritis.