bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gastrodia elata powder capsule enhances anti-epileptic effect of carbamazepine by decreasing P-gp expression
Authors: Dang Xiangji , Zhao Pei , Liu Yan , Qin Long , Jiao Haisheng
Published: July 2021

Purpose: To investigate the influence of Gastrodia elata powder capsule (GC) or gastrodin (GTD) on the anti-epileptic effect of carbamazepine (CBZ) on penicillin (PG)-induced epilepsy in rats.

Methods: A total 116 rats were used in this study. Rats in the control group (n = 8) were injected with normal saline (NS) in place PG. Epilepsy was induced in the remaining 108 rats on the first day via PG injection. The rats were then divided randomly into six groups (18 rats per group): PG group, CBZ group, CBZ + GC group, CBZ + GTD group, GC group, and GTD group, which were given (p.o.) NS, CBZ (100 mg/kg), CBZ (100 mg/kg.) + GC (350 mg/kg), CBZ (100 mg/kg) + GTD (100 mg/kg), GC (350 mg/kg), and GTD (100 mg/kg), respectively, once a day for 15 days. The behavioral characteristics of the rats were observed and used to assess the anti-epileptic effect of the test drugs. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and Western blot assays were employed for the determination of the effect of CBZ, GC and GTD on the expression levels of P-gp.

Results: CBZ significantly reduced the symptoms of epilepsy, while GC and GTD enhanced the antiepileptic effect of CBZ, and reversed the CBZ-induced increases in the protein expressions of mrd1a and P-gp (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: GC reverses CBZ drug resistance, probably through downregulation of P-gp expression. This finding indicates that GC is a potential anti-epilepsy drug, but it merits further studies.
Anti-proliferation effect of Scutellaria barbata D. Don extract on lung cancer
Authors: Hu Zhang , Jing Duan
Published: July 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Scutellaria barbata D. Don extract (SBDE) on apoptosis and proliferation in A549 human lung cancer cells.

Methods: Inverted microscope was used to observe morphological changes in A549 cells after exposure to SBDE. Trypan blue staining of living cells was applied to construct cell growth curve after treatment with varying concentrations of SBDE. The influence of SBDE on cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle was determined by MTT assay while protein expressions of key apoptosis-related enzymes were evaluated by immuno-cytochemical method.

Results: SBDE inhibited the growth of A549 lung cancer cells at a concentration range of 20 - 160 μg/mL. Flow cytometry showed that SBDE induced apoptosis in the A549 cells. The proportion of cells in G0/G1-phase increased significantly (p < 0.01), while the proportion of cells in S-phase and G2/Mphase decreased correspondingly, indicating that the cells were in G0/G1-phase arrest. Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis-inducing effect gradually increased with increase in SBDE concentration. With increasing concentrations of SBDE, there were significant increases in the expressions of caspase-3 (p < 0.05), caspase-8 (p < 0.01) and caspase-9 (p < 0.05), and significant decreases in Ki-67 (p < 0.01) and p21 ras protein (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: SBDE exerts significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of A549 lung cancer cells, which can be developed for the treatment of lung cancer patients.
GC-MS metabolic profiling and anti-urease activity of nonpolar fractions of Calligonum Polygonoides L. (Polygonaceae) and Crateva Adansonii DC. Prodr. (Capparaceae)
Authors: Pervaiz Irfan , Ahmad Saeed , Arshad Adeel , Khurshid Umair , Basit Abdul
Published: July 2021

Purpose: To determine the urease-inhibitory activity and chemical constituents of fractions of Calligonum polygonoides and Crateva adansonii separated by physical properties.

Methods: The anti-urease activities of different fractions of the plants (methanol, n-hexane, CHCl3, nbutanol) were evaluated using a standard procedure. The chemical constituents of the extracts with the highest urease-inhibitory activity were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Results: The n-hexane fractions of both plants had higher urease-inhibitory activity and a lower halfmaximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) than the other extracts. GC-MS evaluation revealed that nhexane fraction of C. polygonoides was rich in fatty acids (39.36 %), sterols (22.29 %), long chain alkanes (98.5 %), and a few volatiles (5.26 %), while the n-hexane fraction of C. adansonii had high levels of alkanes (35.03 %), sterols (10.46 %), fatty acid esters (46.82 %), and triterpenes (23.76 %).

Conclusion: The n-hexane fractions of the plants demonstrate high urease-inhibitory activity. Thus, these plant-based anti-urease fractions can potentially serve as a starting point for the development of novel antibacterial agents with enhanced efficacy and reduced antibiotic resistance in the treatment of pathological conditions and infections associated with urease.
High performance thin-layer chromatography and in vitro cytotoxic studies on ethanol extract of Matricaria chamomilla L (Asteraceae) flowers
Authors: Bratty Mohammed Al , Govindaram Lalitha K. , Govindaram Lalitha K. , Thangavel Neelaveni , Alhazmi Hassan A. , Ibrahim Angum M. M. , Maruthamuthu Vijayalakshmi , Kandasamy Ruckmani
Published: July 2021

Purpose: To develop a high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC procedure for quantitation of apigenin in ethanol extract of Matricaria chamomilla (Babunaj) flowers, and to evaluate the extract for in vitro cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cell lines.

Methods: Quantification of apigenin was carried out using a CAMAG TLC system. A combination of toluene, ethyl acetate and formic acid (4.5:3.5:0.2 v/v/v) was used as mobile phase, with densitometry detection at 336 nm. The HPTLC procedure was subjected to validation as per ICH guidelines. The cytotoxicity of the extract was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Results: A sharp apigenin band at Rf of 0.51 was obtained, and the content of apigenin in the extract was 0.062 % w/w. The detection limit (LOD) and quantification limit (LOQ) were 0.19 and 0.57 ng/band, respectively. MTT assay results indicate that M. chamomilla was cytotoxic to Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cells, with half-maximal concentration (IC50) of 74 µg/mL.

Conclusion: The developed HPTLC method is linear, precise, accurate and specific for the determination of apigenin. M. chamomilla exerts cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cell line via induction of apoptosis.
Quercetin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced myocardial cell apoptosis via modulation of cAMP-Epac pathway
Authors: Wang YuHui , Fu Qian , Ye Baning , Liu Yanpei
Published: July 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effects and mechanism of action of quercetin (QUE) on sepsis-induced apoptosis of myocardial cells in vitro.

Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce apoptosis H9c2 myocardial cells. Apoptosis of H9c2 cells was determined by propidium iodide staining. Knock down of Epac1 was achieved using small interfering RNA (SiEpac1). The levels of associated proteins (Epac1 and Rap1) were evaluated by western blotting.

Results: Lipopolysaccharide promoted apoptosis of H9c2 cells and inhibited the activity of cAMP-Epac pathway (p < 0.001 vs. control). Quercetin inhibited caspase 3 activity and apoptosis (p < 0.05 vs. LPS) induced by LPS via activation of cAMP-Epac1 signaling pathway. Moreover, Epac1 knockdown decreased the anti-apoptosis effect of Que, which indicates that Que attenuated apoptosis partly via cAMP-Epac pathway.

Conclusion: Que attenuated LPS-induced apoptosis in myocardial cells via activation of cAMP-Epac1 pathway. Therefore, quercetin treatment may serve as a promising strategy in the treatment of sepsisinduced myocardial injury.
Amending traditional substrate rice straw with agroforestry tree foliage increases production cycle and nutritional value of Pleurotus floridanus
Authors: Andrew Samora M , Mbwambo John R
Published: July 2021

The recent heightened attention on mushrooms has not considered shortening the production time and increasing nutritional value using substrates from agroforestry trees in addition to traditionally used agro-industrial residues. This study therefore, examined harvesting time, protein and essential minerals of Pleurotus floridanus grown on rice straw amended with Gliricidia sepium foliage in Morogoro, Tanzania. Mushrooms were cultivated in 30 x 40 cm 4 kg dry weight polythene bags in randomized complete block design (RCBD) experiment. Results showed that the addition of 5% G. sepium into rice straw reduced total time between spawning and first harvest of P. floridanus. Gliricidia sepium increased significantly (P < 0.05) protein contents of the mushrooms by up to 40%. The addition of 5–10% G. sepium into rice straw increased significantly (P < 0.05) manganese, copper and zinc in the mushrooms. The decrease in production time and high increase in protein and mineral contents indicate that agroforestry trees have the potential to increase production cycles and nutritional value of P. floridanus. Therefore, use of foliage from agroforestry trees in combination with traditional substrates for mushroom production could help fight malnutrition, improve food security and enhance income.

Keywords: Food security; Gliricidia sepium; Income; Mushrooms; Smallholder farmers
Acculturation and Traditional Mortuary Rites of the Nawfia of Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Ugwu Ugochukwu T.
Published: July 2021

This ethnography explores the traditional mortuary rites of the Nawfia, an Igbo group of Southeast Nigeria, aiming to understand the mortuary rites of the Nawfia, how and why it has changed and the factors responsible for the changes. The main data collection strategy was participant observation that began in April 2014. It was supplemented with in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The study found Christianity as a major acculturative factor that has altered almost all the facets of the traditional mortuary rites of the Nawfia Igbo. Furthermore, mortuary rites do not only reinforce social solidarity among the Nawfia Igbo people but also according to what the Nawfia people believe, enable the deceased to attain his rightful position in the spirit world.
Creativity Inherent in Abigbo Performance Composition: Use of Imagery and Musical Repetitions
Authors: Okoro Justice Chukwudi
Published: July 2021

This paper unfolds systematically organized requisite performance composition defined in words and with exemplary scores to buttress the texture. The communication principles of behaviour, protocols, skill and tools needed to achieve music dissemination set objectives are highlighted in the study. The very last facet of the study given deserved attention addresses varieties of vocal devices including use of imagery, repetition of musical extracts and the like. Data are collected through interview as well as participant observation medium. In the long run, the study justifies the uniqueness of Abigbo in musical inventiveness as it affects its application of the keystones constituting the thrust of the paper. In keeping with this observation, the study concludes that musical repetition in their varieties, made use of imagery and, of course, performance composition cannot be dispensed with if the peculiarity of Abigbo must be maintained.
The Perennial Philosophy in the Bhagavadgita: Where the East and the West Meet
Authors: Bhandari Sabindra Raj
Published: July 2021

This article explores and interprets the fundamentals of perennial philosophy that the Bhagavadgita (the BG). The perennial philosophy of the BG crystalizes the first cause of reality. It leads to the zenith of knowledge, exhibiting how all the dualities and contradictions that run in this gross world merge into postulates the oneness of eternal reality. The eternity of the truth and first cause is in the integration and totality of oneness that radiates the entire creation. Western philosophy and science also make the same quest and disseminate the ideas and theories that resemble the perennial philosophy of the BG. In this regard, the entirety of perennial philosophy invites a systematic study. Having been compiled a few centuries before Christ, it remains to revisit how the BG resounds the rhythms of perennial philosophy propounded in the East and the West. This article has applied the qualitative approach. Exploratory and interpretive methods have been implemented to relate the ideas of perennial philosophy both from the BG and Western metaphysics.
Une Analyse Descriptive Des Erreurs D’orthographe Lexicale Dans L’interlangue D’apprenants Nigérians Du Français
Authors: Osunniran Tajudeen Abodunrin
Published: July 2021

Cette étude se plonge dans l’interlangue d’un groupe d’apprenants nigérians de Français Langue Étrangère pour évaluer leur compétence en construction dans le domaine de l’orthographe lexicale. Cette compétence est évaluée par le biais des erreurs qui représentent des symptômes révélateurs des difficultés d’apprentissage et des points d’appui pour un enseignement meilleur. L’étude cherche dans un premier temps à expliquer les difficultés liées au processus d’apprentissage de l’orthographe lexicale et dans un deuxième temps à proférer des voies et moyens pour aider l’apprenant à mieux apprendre. Le corpus est constitué de productions écrites collectées auprès d’étudiants de première année de licence inscrits au cours de rédaction en français. Les résultats montrent que les types d’erreurs qui prédominent sont les erreurs liées aux accents, suivies des erreurs à dominante phonétique et des erreurs à dominante non-fonctionnelle. Par ailleurs, l’anglais, la langue seconde de ces apprenants, constitue la langue pourvoyeuse de la plus grande influence sur leur comportement orthographique. L’étude recommande que plus d’attention soit accordée à l’enseignement de l’orthographe lexicale dans les activités de classe de FLE au Nigéria.

 

This study focuses on the interlanguage of a group of Nigerian learners of French as a Foreign Language in order to assess their competence level in lexical spelling. This competence in phonographic encoding is measured through errors, which can be seen as symptoms showing learning difficulties and at the same as tools through which the learning process can be improved upon. Specifically, the study investigates the difficulties associated with learning of lexical spelling and suggest ways through which the learner can learn it better. Data for the study are elicited through written productions of first-year undergraduate students enrolled in a French Composition course. Results reveal that errors of diacritic marks predominate in the written productions of these students, followed by phonetic induced spelling errors and errors related to non-functional alphabetic letters. English, the second language of these learners, is the language with the greatest influence on their spelling behaviour. The study recommends that more attention should be accorded to the teaching of lexical orthography in French Language classroom activities in Nigeria.
Versifying Unease in Postcolonial Nigerian Society: Politics of Corruption and Oppression in Akan Essien’s Stabbed Alive. Rage Alive and Halima Amali’s I Want to Join Them
Authors: Onyejizu Raphael Chukwuemeka
Published: July 2021

Postcolonial Nigerian society is confronted by corruption and oppression that emerged in the wake of independence. In recent times, these challenges have evolved in the creative consciousness of writers in their versified writings. Poetry, which serves as a veritable medium for the projection of philosophical thought, reflects these vagaries as the unique genre employed by poets for humanity that is dismayed by the irony of hope and survival. This paper examines corruption in politics and oppression of the masses. It showed that the drawbacks witnessed in the country attribute to the aforementioned variables. The choice of Essien’s Rage Alive. Stabbed Alive (2010) and Amali’s I Want to Join Them (2016) is informed by the fact that there is a lack of scholarly research on these collections. The paper adopts spivak’s postcolonial framework in the context of the Nigerian society, while the descriptive method of textual analysis aimed to show how political leaders in their deployment of corrupt and oppressive schemes, advance their kleptomaniac agenda. Thus, the study submits that for a functional and progressive society to exist, fundamental changes in its socio-political affairs must be undertaken.
Gender in Traditional Music: An Overview of the New Challenges Related to Polish Ethnomusicology in the 21st Century
Authors: Tracz Angelika
Published: July 2021

The subject of the article is to present the feminist trend in Western ethnomusicology and then to compare it with the state of research in Poland. The query included the latest Western musicological and ethnomusicological literature, as well as the known sources about gender in Polish traditional music. The author, based on the experience gained during the field research carried out in recent years, indicates possible changes in conducting and analysing the field in order to obtain more accurate knowledge about gender performativity in Polish folklore.
KETAHANAN MENTAL KELUARGA ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DALAM MENGHADAPI NEW NORMAL
Authors: Nurhastuti Nurhastuti , Zulmiyetri Zulmiyetri , Setia Budi  , Iga Setia Utami
Published: July 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused social change. Social changes that occur include the category of unplanned social change. Because of its unplanned nature, surely the community is not ready to face it. New normal form new habits, but not everyone is easy to adapt to new lifestyles. The impact of the heavy Covid-19 pandemic will be more felt by parents who have children with special needs. The social changes caused by Covid-19 Pandemic require mental resilience to deal with it. This study aims to determine the extent of family resilience of children with special needs in dealing with new normal. The method used in this study is mixed methods which is a research step that combines two forms of research, namely quantitative research and qualitative research. Data analysis in this study uses descriptive statistical analysis. The results of this study are the Covid-19 pandemic has a tremendous impact on all lines of life and has a dramatic effect on the welfare of many families and communities. In the current condition each family member who has a child with special needs has a role in strengthening the family's mental endurance and also plays a role in maintaining the integrity and welfare of the family. The first thing to do is managing emotions, managing stress, increasing life motivation, and building connections with family members.

Abstrak

Pandemi Covid-19 telah mengakibatkan perubahan sosial. Perubahan sosial yang terjadi saat ini termasuk kategori perubahan sosial yang tidak direncanakan. Karena sifatnya yang tidak direncanakan, pastilah masyarakat tidak siap menghadapinya. New normal membentuk kebiasaan baru, namun tidak semua orang mudah beradaptasi menghadapi gaya hidup baru. Dampak pandemi Covid-19 yang berat akan lebih dirasakan oleh orangtua yang memiliki anak berkebutuhan khusus. Perubahan sosial yang diakibatkan Pandemi Covid-19 ini memerlukan ketahanan mental untuk menghadapinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana ketahanan keluarga anak berkebutuhan khusus dalam menghadapi new normal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah mixed methods yakni suatu langkah penelitian yang menggabungkan dua bentuk penelitian yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dan penelitian kualitatif. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif. Adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah pandemi Covid-19 memberi dampak luar biasa di segala lini kehidupan dan memiliki efek dramatis pada kesejahteraan banyak keluarga dan masyarakat. Dalam kondisi saat ini setiap anggota keluarga yang memiliki anak berkebutuhan khusus mempunyai peran dalam memperkokoh ketahanan mental keluarga dan juga berperan dalam mempertahankan keutuhan dan kesejahteraan keluarga. Hal pertama yang harus dilakukan mengelola emosi, mengelola stres, meningkatkan motivasi hidup, dan membina komunikasi dengan anggota keluarga.

Kata Kunci: Ketahanan Keluarga,Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus, New Normal
PENERAPAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI PERMAINAN ULAR TANGGA TANTANGAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Atika Setiawati Feby , Suyadi
Published: July 2021

Early childhood is an important and crucial time for every human being. Children's cognitive development rapidly through stimuli around them. The scope of cognative development in children aged 5-6 years consists of general knowledge and science and mathematics. In developing the ability to know and understand the concept of numbers in a fun way for children, one of them can be done by using the educational game tool snakes and ladders. This study aims to improve the ability of children aged 5-6 years in understanding the concept of numbers through the strategy of snake ladder challenge games. In this study using qualitative research and data collection techniques using interview, observation, and documentation methods. It can be concluded that the strategy of snakes and ladders game can help teachers convey their learning materials in improving cognitive in early childhood.

Abstrak

Masa usia dini adalah masa penting dan krusial bagi setiap manusia. Kognitif anak berkembang pesat melalui rangsangan di sekitar mereka. Lingkup perkembangan kogntif pada anak usia 5-6 tahun terdiri dari pengetahuan umum dan sains serta matematika. Dalam mengembangkan kemampuan mengenal dan memahami konsep angka dengan cara yang menyenangkan bagi anak, salah satunya dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat permainan edukatif ular tangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan anak usia 5-6 tahun dalam pemahaman konsep bilangan melalui strategi permainan ular tangga tantangan. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi permainan ular tangga dapat membantu guru menyampaikan materi pembelajarannya dalam meningkatkan kognitif pada anak usia dini.

Kata Kunci:  Strategi Permainan Ular Tangga Tantangan, kognitif, Anak Usia Dini
CIRI-CIRI DISLEKSIA PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Iza Syahroni  , Rofiqoh Wasilatur , Latipah Eva
Published: July 2021

Dyslexia is a type of learning difficulty in children in the form of reading disabilities, symptoms that are not caused by the ability of sight, hearing, intelligence, or skills in languagee, but rather to disturbances in the brain processes when processing the information it receives. The factors that couse dyslexia, are phenoological problems, educational factors, psychological factors, and biological factors. As for the characteristics of dyslexia, among others: symptoms of dyslexia in pre-school: 1), loves to mix up words and phrases, 2), difficulty learning the repetition of sounds (rhymes) and rhythms, 3) it’s hard to remember names, 4) late development in language, 5) happy to read a book, but not interested in words or letters, 6 it’s hard to dress. The characteristics of dyslexia at elementary school age: 1) difficulty reading and speeling, 2) often confused letters and numbers, 3) it’s hard to remember names, 4) difficult to understand the writing he read, 5. Slow at writing, 6 difficulty concentrating, 6) difficulty concentrating, 7) it’s hard to tell right and left, or the order of the week, 8) low self-esteem, and 9) still have difficulty in dressing.

Abstrak

Disleksia adalah jenis kesulitan belajar pada anak berupa ketidak mampuan membaca, gejala yang tidak disebabkan oleh kemampuan penglihatan, pendengaran, intelegensia, atau keterampilannya dalam berbahasa, melainkan lebih kepada gangguan dalam proses otak ketika mengolah informasi yang diterimanya. Faktor-faktor penyebab disleksia , adalah masalah fenoologi, faktor pendidikan, faktor psikologis, dan faktor biologis. Adapun ciri-ciri disleksia di antaranya: Ciri-ciri disleksia pada pra-sekolah: (1) Suka mencampur adukkan kata-kata dan frasa (2) Kesulitan mempelajari pengulangan bunyi (rima) dan irama (ritme), (3) Sulit mengingat nama, (4) Perkembangan dalam berbahasa yang terlambat, (5) Senang dibacakan buku, tetapi tidak tertarik dengan kata-kata atau huruf, (6) Sulit untuk berpakaian. Adapun ciri-ciri disleksia diusia sekolah dasar: (1) Sulit membaca dan mengeja, (2) Sering tertukar huruf dan angka, (3) Sulit mengingat alfabet atau mempelajari tabel, (4) Sulit mengerti tulisan yang ia baca, (5) Lambat dalam menulis, (6) Sulit konsentrasi, (7) Susah membedakan kanan dan kiri, atau urutan dalam sepekan, (8)Percaya diri yang rendah, (9) Masih tetap kesulitan dalam berpakaian.

Kata Kunci: Disleksia, Kesulitan Belajar, dan Pendidikan
A GENDER-BASED ANALYSIS OF OBSERVANCE AND NON-OBSERVANCE OF CONVERSATIONAL MAXIMS IN FRONT OFFICE STAFF’S SPEECH AT RESTAURANTS IN UBUD DISTRICT
Authors: Ni Made Ayu Purnami  , Pande Agus Adiwijaya
Published: July 2021

This study was intended to investigate, describe and explain how conversational maxims are observed by the Front Office staff at restaurants in Ubud when they handle table reservation and what types of non-observance are committed by the Front Office staff in observing conversational maxims. The subjects were the Front Office staff at restaurants in Ubud district. The data for this naturalistic qualitative study were collected through observation and audio-recording which were then analyzed by using Paul Grice’s (1975) Cooperative Principle theory. In this research, there were 30 conversations of taking table reservation via telephone which were conducted by the front office staff at restaurants in Ubud sub-district when they handle table reservation. Generally, both male and female front office staff produced more observance of maxims than non-observance of maxims. The highest frequency of observance and non-observance of Gricean maxims produced by male front office staff was maxim of quantity (100%), then followed by flouting of maxims (62.5%), and infringing maxims (25%). The highest frequency of observance and non-observance of Gricean maxims produced by female front office staff was maxim of quantity (100%), then followed by flouting of maxims (68.1%), and infringing of maxims (9.0%). Moreover, there was no opting out of maxims and suspending of maxims occurred in the conversation. The utterances were obtained from 30 data in restaurant setting. In general, both male and female front office staff produced more observance of maxims than non-observance of maxims.
CHARACTER BUILDING OF HONESTY IN THE ACADEMIC DOCUMENTS OF VOCATIONAL SCHOOL IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE SUBJECT
Authors: Pambayuningsih Wahyu , Sri Sumarni  , Darmahusni
Published: July 2021

This research examined the honesty as part of character building in academic documents of English subject in Vocational high school. Using content analysis, the researcher analyzed the honesty throughout the documents. The data was words, phrases, clauses, sentences, and the pharaprashing of them. The data was taken from Vocational High School’s documents used by English teachers of vocational school. The finding showed that honesty appears explicitly and implicitly. All the aspects of character building of honesty were stipulated in syllabus provided by the government. The indicators of honesty that appear in the lesson plan, learning material, and assessment of English language subject in vocational high school are integrity, academic honesty, and sportsmanship. Those indicators are addressed implicitly in the documents represented by sub indicators such as the prohibition to cheat in doing the assignment and so forth. However, there was no consistency across the documents because honesty indicators appeared quite low in assessment tools prepared by English teachers. This condition indicated that students of Vocational High School get the character building of honesty through English language subject because it was stipulated, and addressed in academic documents. This study proposed a possibility for teachers to improvise their assessment tools by inserting honesty indicators.
THE PERCEPTION OF ACEH DOCUMENTARY TRAINING PARTICIPANTS ON IMPROVING CRITICAL THINKING THROUGH DOCUMENTARY FILM APPLICATION
Authors: Nushur Rizki Dhian , Dewie Astutie Diyana
Published: July 2021

The times are progressing rapidly so that the need for critical thinking is increasing. Some experts argue that those who think critically are able to solve problems responsively. Therefore, education practicer take various ways to create nowdays critical generation, as well as the Aceh Documentary (ADC) Foundation in Banda Aceh. The documentary film production training which is conducted annually by the ADC Foundation is believed to be able to improve the critical thinking of the participants. This study aims to determine the perceptions of four participants of Aceh Documentery Foundationabout improving their mindset after attending the documentary film production training. This is a qualitative research. The data for this study was collected from early June to August 2019, which the Data collection techniques used in the research were interview and FGD. The data analysis stage was carried out on September 2019 after the documentary film training was completed. The data analysis is carried out by using the Miles & Hubermen style, in which activities in the analysis include data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing / verification. From this research, it can be concluded that the use of documentary films as a learning medium can improve the participants' critical thinking, eventhough the level of criticism obtained by each individual is different.
THE ANALYSIS OF USING TV (THEMATIC VOCABULARY) CARDS IN INCREASING THE STUDENTS’ ENGLISH VOCABULARY
Authors: Rahmati  , Helmiyadi Helmiyadi
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine whether Thematic Vocabulary (TV) Cards media can improve the vocabulary of students in primary school. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher designed an action research which consisted of pre-test, 3 cycles of treatment, and post-test. The subject of this study was the students of SMK N 1 Lhokseumawe, with the number of the subject was 26 students; 9 males and 17 females. 2 meetings were held during the research in which the students had to join  test and also cycles of treatment which consisted of quizzes and various activities by using TV Cards as the media. which used the Sugiyono’s model (2016:298) with adaptation. The data collecting through interview, questionnaire, documentation, and test. The result of this study showed there was a significant improvement made by the students in identifying and remembering new English vocabulary available in the given descriptive texts. Pre- test result showed 27 % of students scored less than 50; 69 % students scored 51- 75; and only the rest of them scored more than 76, meaning that the average score of the class was still low, which was only 54.10. After conducting Post- test, it could be seen that no student scored less than 50; only one student scored 73; and the rest of them successfully scored above 76. Compared to Pre- Test’s result, the Post- Test’s showed the better average score, which increased up to 79%. In line with the result, Some suggestions are offered for teachers to be a facilitator in creating effective learning activities, to be able to make teaching and learning process more interesting, enjoyable and educative.
Identification of Deep Tectonic Structures of the Pho Lu area, northwestern Vietnam using Digital Elevation Model and Earth focal mechanism
Authors:   Faculty of Geosciences and Geoengineering, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Vietnam
Published: July 2021

The digital elevation model and the earthquake focal mechanism are utilized to define the geological structure of the Pho Lu area, northwestern Vietnam. The results allow the identification of lineaments and recognition of the correlation between the lineaments and geological structures directed in the study area. The digital elevation model (DEM) was used in the methodology of interpretation trends of lineaments derived from various enhancing techniques to show that the most lineament trend in the NW‒ SE direction. Further more, the interpreted lineament map demonstrates the NW‒SE system is correlated with the Red River fault zone, which is interpreted as a positive flower structure combined with the focal mechanism of earthquake. The results also demonstrate the capacity to used the digital elevation model and focal mechanism of the earthquake to identify deep geological structures.
Peran Kotbah Gembala Sidang Dalam Pertumbuhan Rohani Jemaat Menurut John Chrysostom
Authors: Gulo Hisikia , Hendi Hendi
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe preaching role of the pastor of the congregation in the spiritual growth of the congregation has a major contribution to the salvation of every soul. This article discusses and describes the role of the pastor as a preacher in the spiritual growth of the church taught by John Chrysostom. Every pastor as a preacher must reach 3 depths of approach to preaching the word of God; Cognitive, Affective and Psychomotor. It is through the preaching of the word of God which is taught by a pastor so that someone understands and understands the meaning of following and imitating the great shepherd, Jesus Christ, and carrying out each of His teachings. The spiritual growth of each congregation is influenced by each pastor's role as the preaching of the word of God through 3 depth approaches with the aim of the need for the purity of one's soul leading to spiritual maturity. AbstrakPeran khotbah gembala sidang dalam pertumbuhan rohani jemaat memiliki kontribusi besar bagi keselamatan setiap jiwa. ­ Artikel ini membahas dan menguraikan peran gembala sidang sebagai pengkhotbah dalam pertumbuhan rohani jemaat yang di ajarkan oleh John Chrysostom. ­Setiap gembala sidang ­ sebagai pengkhotbah ­ harus mencapai 3 kedalaman pendekatan pemberitaan firman Allah; Kognitif, Afektif dan Psikomotorik. Melalui pemberitaan firman Allah yang di ajarkan oleh seorang gembala sidang sehingga seseorang mengerti dan memahami arti dari mengikut dan meneladani gembala agung ­ yaitu Yesus Kristus serta melakukan setiap ajaran-Nya. Pertumbuhan rohani setiap jemaat ­ di pengaruhi dari setiap peran gembala sidang sebagai pemberitaan firman Allah melalui 3 kedalaman pendekatan dengan tujuan kebutuhan akan kemurnian jiwa seseorang menuju kepada kedewasaan rohani. Kata-kata Kunci: Gembala Sidang; Kedewasaan; Peran; Pengkhotbah.
Percepción de los diseños de advertencia en productos envasados utilizando seguimiento ocular
Authors: Izaguirre-Torres Delia , Málaga-Juárez Jorge , Chuqui-Diestra Saúl Ricardo , Velásquez-Ccosi Percy Fermín , Armas-Chang Mirtha Zulema , Siche Raúl
Published: July 2021

El aumento en los índices de obesidad refleja el efecto de las políticas públicas y la forma como se comercializan los productos alimenticios, si esta situación no se revierte, los casos de enfermedades no trasmisibles seguirán en aumento. El objetivo de la investigación fue estudiar la percepción de los diseños de advertencia de cuatro países (Ecuador, Chile, Brasil y Perú) y su influencia en la intención de compra de productos envasados en escolares. El estudio consistió en tres etapas:(a) primero se utilizó un cuestionario para conocer la frecuencia de consumo de productos envasados, (b) luego se diseñaron etiquetas con los productos con mayor frecuencia de consumo, y (c) finalmente se utilizó la técnica instrumental de seguimiento ocular para conocer la percepción visual de las etiquetas, teniendo como región de interés el diseño de advertencia frontal de los cuatro países. El producto envasado de mayor frecuencia de consumo fue el yogurt (32%) y la galleta (35%). En la categoría de bebible (yogurt), los sistemas de advertencia de Chile y Ecuador resultaron ser los que generan mayor nivel de atención visual (53%); en la categoría galleta, los sistemas de advertencia de Perú y Ecuador son los que generan mayor nivel de atención visual (52%). Del total de emociones identificadas, el 94% en promedio corresponde a la emoción de neutralidad para todos los sistemas de advertencia. Se concluye que los diseños de advertencia de Ecuador y Chile son los que mejor se perciben por lo niños, generando emociones positivas.
Ordu İli Kıyılarında (Doğu Karadeniz) Yayılış Gösteren Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814) Türünün Bazı Morfometrik Karakterlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KARADURMUŞ Uğur , AYDIN Mehmet
Published: July 2021

Vücut şekli, morfometrik ölçümler ve meristik sayımlar gibi morfolojik karakterler, balık stoklarının tanımlamasında uzun süredir kullanılmaktadır. Kum kaya balığı (Neogobius melanostomus) Gobiidae familyasına ait olup Avrasya'ya özgü bentik, örihalin ve istilacı bir türdür. İstila ettiği bölgelerde yerli balık türleri üzerinde zararlı etkileri olup Avrupa'nın en zararlı 100 istilacı türü listesine dahil edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Ordu ili kıyılarında (Doğu Karadeniz) yayılım gösteren N. melanostomus türünün bazı morfometrik karakterlerinin ve bunların birbirleriyle olan ilişkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmış olup çalışma sahası içerisinde türün morfometrik karakterizasyonu üzerine araştırmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bireylerde 16 adet farklı konumdan 0,001 cm hassasiyette kumpas ile morfometrik karakter ölçümü yapılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler için tüm morfometrik karakterlerin tam boya yüzdesel oranı (%TB) kullanılmıştır. İncelenen örnekler üç uzunluk grubuna ayrılmıştır; grup I (10-14,9 cm; 18 örnek), grup II (15-19,9 cm; 26 örnek) ve grup III (20-24,9 cm; 17 örnek). Varyans katsayıları incelendiğinde; DY1 taban uzunluğu (D1T) en değişken karakter, göz çapı (GÇ) ise en az değişken karakter olarak belirlenmiştir. Farklı boy gruplarına ait POU, PA, BD2, D1T, D2T, PU, MxVY ve KSY morfometrik karakteristiklerin tam boya oranları (%TB) üzerinde istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı etki görülmüştür (P<0,05). Doğrusal regresyon değerleri arasında tam boyla en yakın ilişkili olan morfometrik karakter standart boy (r=0,998), en zayıf ilişki olan morfometrik karakter ise preorbital mesafe (r=0,830) olarak belirlenmiştir.
Av Miktarındaki Azalmanın Av Araçlarına Yansıması: Gökçeada Balıkçılığı Örneği
Authors: TOSUNOĞLU Zafer , ÜNAL Vahdet
Published: July 2021

Bu çalışmada, Gökçeada’da küçük ölçekli balıkçılığında kullanılan av araçlarının teknik, yapısal ve operasyonal özellikleri tanımlanırken envanteri de geçmiş yıllar ile karşılaştırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri, 2020 Ağustos’unda Gökçeada’da ikamet eden balıkçılar ile yüz yüze yapılan görüşmelerden elde edilmiştir. Gökçeada’da 2019-2020 av sezonunda faaliyete başlayan tek bir trol teknesi hariç, diğer 38 teknenin tamamı küçük ölçeklidir. Bu yıllarda aktif 29 teknenin kullandığı uzatma ağlarının toplam uzunluğu, on yıl önce yapılan bir çalışmaya göre %42 azalmıştır. Son yıllarda paragat balıkçılığında maliyetlerin artışı, ticari balıkçılar arasında çapari, kalamar maketi (oltası) ve değişik tipte el ve kamış oltaların kullanımını daha da yaygınlaştırmıştır. Son on yılda av miktarlarındaki düşüş hatta lüfer gibi bazı türlerdeki çöküş, direkt olarak av araçları çeşitliliği ve miktarlarına da yansımıştır. Özellikle lüfer, sardalya ve kolyozun av vermeyişine bağlı olarak bu türlerin avcılığında kullanılan av araçlarının da kullanımı azalmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Gökçeada balıkçılığında düşen av miktarları ve değişen av aracı tercihleri, aşırı avcılık ve sürdürülebilir balıkçılık açısından dikkate alınması gereken göstergeler olarak kabul edilmelidir. Bu nedenle, Gökçeada’da sürdürülebilir balıkçılığın yeniden tesisi için, Gökçeada ve civarını dikkate alan, geniş coğrafik ölçüde etkileri ve etkileşimleri değerlendiren, tüm paydaşları yönetim sisteminin içine katan Ekosistem Yaklaşımlı Balıkçılık yönetimi anlayışının benimsenmesi önerilmektedir.
Determination of Ghost Fishing Starting Time by Four Different Baited Fish Traps in the Çanakkale Strait (North Aegean Sea)
Authors: İBİN Talip , AYAZ Adnan
Published: July 2021

In this study, the starting time of ghost fishing in baited fish traps were determined. Two separate trials using 4 different types of fish traps (foldable, conical, “O” shaped Round and cylindrical) were carried out in the Çanakkale Strait at a depth of 5m between July - December 2013. A total of 12 fish traps (3 for each trap type) were used in the study. Each trial lasted a period of 45 days. Major features of the traps were as follows: the foldable fish trap had “V” shaped inclined funnel; the conical fish trap had a conical entrance from the top; The “O” shaped fish trap had a “V” shaped entrance on the base; the cylindrical trap had a conical entrance on the side. In all trials fresh sardine, black mussel and bread placed in a net bag were used as bait and fixed in the traps. Underwater observations showed that fish entrapped in all trap types escaped from the traps within 8-10 days. Fish mortality was due to accidental entanglement of fish on the mesh material covering the traps or due to predation. Molluscs such as octopuses and squids escaped within 4-7 days whereas crabs suffered from cannibalism or starvation due to their lower escape rates. In conclusion, in the present study while trap ghost fishing for fish and cephalopods were not observed, ghost fishing for crabs were observed and was a factor of entrance design and location on traps.
Sağlık Çalışanı Adaylarında Küresel Vatandaşlık Davranışı ve Engelli Duyarlılığı İlişkisi
Authors: EREN BANA Perihan
Published: July 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı sağlık çalışanı adaylarının küresel vatandaşlık davranışının engelli duyarlılığına etkisini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, tarama modeli ve rastgele örneklem yöntemiyle 145 üniversite öğrencisinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Küresel vatandaşlık davranışıyla engelli duyarlılığı için üzere iki ayrı ölçek kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veri, IBM SPSS 24.0 paket programında analiz edilmiştir. Ölçeklerin güvenilirlik değerleri ve açıklayıcılıkları sırasıyla 0.79 ve %67 ile 0.88 ve %66’dır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 145 üniversite öğrencisinin yaş ortalaması 21 (±3.6)’dir. Katılımcıların %55.9’u kadın olup, 44.1’i ise erkektir. Katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğu (%70) önlisans öğrencisidir. Kadınlarda küresel vatandaşlık eğiliminin daha fazla olduğu, (t=3.18; p=0.002) ve yaş gruplarına göre her iki ölçekte de fark olmadığı elde edilen bulgular arasındadır. Eğitim ve aile gelir durumuna göre her iki ölçekte fark bulunmaktadır (p<0.05). Anne eğitim durumunun küresel vatandaşlık davranışında (t=2.54; p=0.012) ve baba eğitim durumunun ise engelli duyarlılığında farklılaşmaya neden olduğu görülmüştür (p<0.01). Küresel vatandaşlık davranışının, engelli duyarlılığını %24 oranında arttırması da önemli bir bulgu olarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Sonuç: Çalışma bulguları incelendiğinde, küresel vatandaşlık davranışı ve engelli duyarlılığının yaş değişkenine göre farklılık göstermediği ancak bu değişkenler kısmen katılımcıların ve ebeveynlerinin eğitim durumundan, yaşından ve aile gelir durumundan etkilendiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
¿Vulnerabilidad o agencia? Resistencias y empoderamientos de las mujeres indígenas en Marruecos
Authors: Laghssais Bochra , Comins-Mingol Irene
Published: July 2021

Las intersecciones de varias desigualdades impactan en las vidas de las mujeres Amazigh en Marruecos. En este trabajo se aborda la situación de especial vulnerabilidad que viven estas mujeres Amazigh: por mujeres, por indígenas y por rurales. Y es que el patriarcado, el racismo y el clasismo respectivamente se entrecruzan tejiendo un constructo de opresión. Pero junto a visibilizar y denunciar la situación de vulnerabilidad de las mujeres Amazigh, en este trabajo queremos, también, poner en valor las contribuciones de estas mujeres al desarrollo de sus comunidades, al bienestar de sus familias y a la sostenibilidad de la vida. A través del reconocimiento de su identidad, y desde su legado histórico-cultural, estas mujeres están transitando de la vulnerabilidad al empoderamiento. La agencia de las mujeres Amazigh y sus resistencias son una fuente de aprendizaje y de inspiración para la construcción de culturas para hacer las paces.
Inconsistency of Simulation and Practice in Delay-based Strong PUFs
Authors: Aghaie Anita , Moradi Amir
Published: July 2021

The developments in the areas of strong Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) predicate an ongoing struggle between designers and attackers. Such a combat motivated the atmosphere of open research, hence enhancing PUF designs in the presence of Machine Learning (ML) attacks. As an example of this controversy, at CHES 2019, a novel delay-based PUF (iPUF) has been introduced and claimed to be resistant against various ML and reliability attacks. At CHES 2020, a new divide-and-conquer modeling attack (splitting iPUF) has been presented showing the vulnerability of even large iPUF variants.Such attacks and analyses are naturally examined purely in the simulation domain, where some metrics like uniformity are assumed to be ideal. This assumption is motivated by a common belief that implementation defects (such as bias) may ease the attacks. In this paper, we highlight the critical role of uniformity in the success of ML attacks, and for the first time present a case where the bias originating from implementation defects hardens certain learning problems in complex PUF architectures. We present the result of our investigations conducted on a cluster of 100 Xilinx Artix 7 FPGAs, showing the incapability of the splitting iPUF attack to model even small iPUF instances when facing a slight non-uniformity. In fact, our findings imply that non-ideal conditions due to implementation defects should also be considered when developing an attack vector on complex PUF architectures like iPUF. On the other hand, we observe a relatively low uniqueness even when following the suggestions made by the iPUF’s original authors with respect to the FPGA implementations, which indeed questions the promised physical unclonability.
Improved Leakage-Resistant Authenticated Encryption based on Hardware AES Coprocessors
Authors: Bronchain Olivier , Momin Charles , Peters Thomas , Standaert François-Xavier
Published: July 2021

We revisit Unterstein et al.’s leakage-resilient authenticated encryption scheme from CHES 2020. Its main goal is to enable secure software updates by leveraging unprotected (e.g., AES, SHA256) coprocessors available on low-end microcontrollers. We show that the design of this scheme ignores an important attack vector that can significantly reduce its security claims, and that the evaluation of its leakage-resilient PRF is quite sensitive to minor variations of its measurements, which can easily lead to security overstatements. We then describe and analyze a new mode of operation for which we propose more conservative security parameters and show that it competes with the CHES 2020 one in terms of performances. As an additional bonus, our solution relies only on AES-128 coprocessors, an