bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-3573 and Ti-3873 Alloy after Solution Treatment
Authors: Cai Yi Qin , Li Zhuang , Zhang Run Qi , Li Jin Yu , Wang Hao Xu , Cai Wen Hao , Zhang Li , Zhou Qi , Cui Xi Jun
Published: July 2020

In this regard, two beta titanium alloys in the Ti-Al-Mo-V-Cr system, Ti-3Al-5Mo-7V-3Cr (Ti-3573) and Ti-3Al-8Mo-7V-3Cr (Ti-3873), have been designed. Comparison of the microstructure and mechanical properties of both alloys after solution treatment was conducted. The result shows that the β grains in Ti-3873 alloy are abnormally grown at WQ. The elongation of Ti-3573 alloy is higher than that of Ti-3873 alloy, it is related to the the smaller grain size. The Ti-3873 alloy has moderate plasticity but higher yield strength and tensile strength. Fine and deep dimples associated with ductile fracture were obtained for the Ti-3573 alloy. The fractography of the β-substrate specimens showed that the fracture mode was ductile fracture. The Ti-3873 alloy has a combination of slip and twinning during deformation. It is possible for the Ti-3573 alloy to undergo both twinning and TRIP effect upon deformation. Therefore, Ti-3573 alloy exhibited good plasticity and strength matching.
Selenium content in Bg 350 variety of rice consumed by Sri Lankans
Authors: Mahagama S , De Silva D. S. M. , Wimalasena S.
Published: July 2020

Selenium is considered as an essential micronutrient. The daily requirement of selenium is 55 µg. As a result, the World Health Organization (WHO) has drawn their attention to establish the micronutrient range of selenium, required by the human body. Report from China has shown that an ecological correlation exists with the selenium content in the soil and increased mortality due to cancer and cardiovascular diseases with light intake of selenium. This led to the interest in assessing the nutritional status of selenium. Rice is the staple food of Sri Lankans and studies on selenium content in rice grown in Sri Lanka have not been reported. The present study reports the selenium content in Bg 350 variety of rice and soil obtained from twelve districts (Gampaha, Colombo, Matara, Hambantota, Kegalle, Matale, Anuradhapura, Pollanaruwa, Kurunegalle, Puttalam, Ampara and Moneragalle), in Sri Lanka determined using Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption spectrometer (HGAAS). The results of the study showed that selenium content in rice and soil obtained from Gampaha and Colombo districts were very low and less than the detectable levels of the instrument (0.5 μg/kg). Except for rice and soil from Pollanaruwa district that had a very high selenium content in rice (61.2 μg/kg) and soil (69.8 μg/kg), the respective values from other districts were low [13.8 μg/kg (Kegalle) -6.3 μg/kg (Anuradhapura)] and [20.3 μg/kg (Matara) -9.5 μg/kg (Matale)].
බලය සහ බලය
Authors: Gunaruwan T. Lalithsiri
Published: July 2020

No abstract available
Thigh-Muscle and Patient-Reported Function Early After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Clinical Cutoffs Unique to Graft Type and Age
Authors: Sherman David , Birchmeier Thomas , Kuenze Christopher M. , Garrison Craig , Hannon Joseph , Bothwell James , Bush Curtis , Norte Grant E.
Published: July 2020

Context

Patient-reported function is an important outcome in anterior cruciate ligament rehabilitation. Identifying which metrics of thigh-muscle function are indicators of normal patient-reported function can help guide treatment.

Objective

To identify which metrics of thigh-muscle function discriminate between patients who meet and patients who fail to meet age- and sex-matched normative values for patient-reported knee function in the first 9 months after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and establish cutoffs for these metrics by covariate subgroups.

Design

Cross-sectional retrospective study.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 256 patients (129 females, 128 males; age = 17.1 ± 3.0 years, height = 1.7 ± 0.1 m, mass = 74.1 ± 17.9 kg, months since surgery = 6.4 ± 1.4), 3 to 9 months after primary unilateral ACLR.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

We stratified the sample into dichotomous groups by the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score (IKDCMET, IKDCNOT MET) using sex- and age-matched normative values. We measured quadriceps and hamstrings isokinetic (60°/s) torque and power bilaterally. Normalized quadriceps and hamstrings peak torque (Nm/kg) and power (W/kg), limb symmetry indices (LSI, %), and hamstrings : quadriceps ratios were calculated. Logistic regression indicated which of these metrics could predict IKDC classification while controlling for age, graft type, and sex. Receiver operating characteristic curves established cutoffs for explanatory variables for both total cohort and covariate subgroups. Odds ratios (OR) determined the utility of each cutoff to discriminate IKDC status.

Results

Quadriceps torque LSI (≥69.4%, OR = 3.6), hamstrings torque (≥1.11 Nm/kg, OR = 2.1), and quadriceps power LSI (≥71.4%, OR = 2.0) discriminated between IKDC classification in the total cohort. Quadriceps torque LSI discriminated between IKDC classification in the patellar-tendon graft (≥61.6%, OR = 5.3), hamstrings-tendon graft (≥71.8%, OR = 10.5), and age <18 years (≥74.3%, OR = 5.2) subgroups. Hamstrings torque discriminated between IKDC classifications in the age <18 years (≥1.10 Nm/kg, OR = 2.6) subgroup.

Conclusions

Quadriceps torque LSI, hamstrings torque, and quadriceps power LSI were the most useful metrics for predicting normal patient-reported knee function early after ACLR. Further, cutoff values that best predicted normal patient-reported function differed by graft type and age.
Aspects of Technology That Influence Athletic Trainers' Current Patient Care Documentation Strategies in the Secondary School
Authors: Nottingham Sara L. , Kasamatsu Tricia M. , Eberman Lindsey E. , Neil Elizabeth R. , Welch Bacon Cailee E.
Published: July 2020

Context

Previous research on athletic trainers' (ATs) documentation practices in the secondary school setting has focused on users of 1 electronic medical record (EMR) platform. These studies have identified that ATs use multiple platforms for documentation, including paper, even when an EMR is available.

Objective

To examine the documentation practices of ATs who use various forms of patient care documentation, including paper, EMRs, or both.

Design

Qualitative study.

Setting

Individual telephone interviews.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty ATs participated in this study: 12 women and 8 men who averaged 38 ± 14 years of age, 15 ± 13 years of clinical experience, and 11 ± 11 years of employment at their current secondary school.

Data Collection and Analysis

Semistructured telephone interviews were conducted to gain insight into ATs' documentation practices. Three researchers and 2 auditors inductively coded the transcripts using a consensual qualitative research process that consisted of 4 rounds of consensus coding and determination of data saturation. Trustworthiness was addressed with member checking, multiple-analyst triangulation, and peer review.

Results

The ATs' documentation practices were largely influenced by technology, organized in 3 themes. Participants' current documentation strategies included the use of both paper and EMRs, as they found different benefits to using each platform. Oftentimes documentation practices were shaped by technological challenges, including unreliable networks, software design problems, and the lack of a streamlined approach. Lastly, participants identified future strategies for improving documentation, including the need for better EMR options and streamlining their individual documentation behaviors.

Conclusions

Many ATs wanted to incorporate EMRs in their clinical practice but faced challenges when attempting to do so. In turn, clinicians often duplicated documentation or used 2 platforms. Athletic trainers should communicate with administrators to select an EMR that fits their documentation needs and seek resources, such as network access and educational opportunities, to learn how to use EMRs.
Cognitive Flexibility as the Mediator between Unemployment Anxiety and Psychological Wellbeing among University Students with Disabilities
Authors: شادن خليل حسين عليوات شادن خليل حسين عليوات
Published: July 2020

Many previous studies confirm that anxious individuals usually express lower wellbeing. Additionally, being anxious usually undermines cognitive performance and prevents development of new ways of achieving desired levels of wellbeing, by reducing cognitive flexibility. This makes cognitive flexibility a possible mediator for the negative relationship between anxiety and wellbeing. Objectives: This study tests if cognitive flexibility serves as a mediator between anxiety and psychological wellbeing, with a special focus on the unemployment anxiety experienced by individuals with disabilities. Methods: Research assistants collected the data from 155 Saudi individuals with different disabilities (71 men and 84 women) between February and May 2019. The data was collected by questionnaires (Unemployment Anxiety Questionnaire, Ryff’s Psychological Wellbeing Scale, Cognitive Flexibility Inventory), and analyzed in R. After checking for and obtaining valid factor structures, path analyses were conducted to obtain the results. Results: The applied path analyses have shown that cognitive flexibility serves as a partial mediator between unemployment anxiety and psychological wellbeing.. Conclusion: Cognitive flexibility partially mediates the relationship between unemployment anxiety and wellbeing. However, the failure to replicate the factor structures of the applied questionnaires provides both valuable insight into potential cultural differences and highlights the need to replicate the study with the use of more culturally adapted and validated measures.
Integrated system for cashew disease management and yield
Authors: Adeniyi Dele Omoyele , Animasaun David Adedayo , Adbulrahman Abdullahi Alanamu , Olorunmaiye Kehinde Stephen , Olahan Ganiyu Shittu , Adeji Olaitan Alaba
Published: July 2020

No Abstract.
Правовые проблемы оспаривания конкурсным управляющим сделок должника при отсутствии необходимой документации по сделкам
Authors: Морхат П.М.
Published: July 2020

В РАБОТЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНЫ ПРАВОВЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОСПАРИВАНИЯ КОН- КУРСНЫМ УПРАВЛЯЮЩИМ СДЕЛОК ДОЛЖНИКА ПО СПЕЦИАЛЬНЫМ И ОБЩЕГРАЖДАНСКИМ ОСНОВАНИЯМ ПРИ ОТСУТСТВИИ ДОКУМЕНТАЦИИ ПО ОСПАРИВАЕМЫМ СДЕЛКАМ. СФОРМУЛИРОВАНЫ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ ПО АЛГОРИТМУ ДЕЙСТВИЙ КОНКУРСНОГО УПРАВЛЯЮЩЕГО ПРИ ПРИНЯТИИ РЕШЕНИЯ ПО ВОПРОСУ ОБ ОСПАРИВАНИИ ИЛИ ОТКАЗЕ ОБ ОСПАРИВАНИИ СДЕЛОК ДОЛЖНИКА. СДЕЛАН ВЫВОД О ТОМ, ЧТО КОНКУРСНЫЙ УПРАВ- ЛЯЮЩИЙ ДОЛЖЕН ОБРАЩАТЬСЯ В СУД С ЗАЯВЛЕНИЕМ ОБ ОСПАРИВАНИИ ТОЛЬКО ТЕХ СДЕЛОК ДОЛЖНИКА, ВЕРОЯТНОСТЬ ОСПАРИВАНИЯ КОТОРЫХ ДОСТАТОЧНА ВЫСОКА. ТАКАЯ ВЕРОЯТНОСТЬ, ОДНАКО, НЕ МОЖЕТ БЫТЬ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНА В ОТСУТСТВИЕ ДОКУМЕНТАЦИИ ПО ПЛАНИРУЕМЫМ К ОСПА- РИВАНИЮ СДЕЛКАМ. ОБРАЩЕНИЕ КОНКУРСНОГО УПРАВЛЯЮЩЕГО В СУД С ЗАЯВЛЕНИЕМ ОБ ОСПАРИВАНИИ СДЕЛКИ ДОЛЖНИКА БЕЗ НАЛИЧИЯ ИС- ХОДНОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ И (ИЛИ) ДОКУМЕНТАЦИИ, ПОЗВОЛЯЮЩЕЙ ОПРЕ- ДЕЛИТЬ ВЕРОЯТНОСТЬ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ТАКОГО ОСПАРИВАНИЯ, МОЖЕТ БЫТЬ ОСНОВАНИЕМ ДЛЯ ВЗЫСКАНИЯ С КОНКУРСНОГО УПРАВЛЯЮЩЕГО УБЫТ- КОВ, ВЫЗВАННЫХ ОСПАРИВАНИЕМ.
Доменное имя с точки зрения доктрины и догмы гражданского права
Authors: Пучков В.О.
Published: July 2020

В СТАТЬЕ РАССМАТРИВАЕТСЯ ПРОБЛЕМА ГРАЖДАНСКО-ПРАВОВОГО РЕЖИМА ДО- МЕННОГО ИМЕНИ. КРИТИКУЮТСЯ ОСНОВНЫЕ КОНЦЕПЦИИ ДОМЕННОГО ИМЕНИ (КАК УСЛУГИ, КАК ИМУЩЕСТВА, КАК РЕЗУЛЬТАТА ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬ- НОСТИ). ПОДВЕРГАЕТСЯ СОМНЕНИЮ ТЕЗИС О ТОМ, ЧТО ДОМЕННОЕ ИМЯ МОЖЕТ БЫТЬ ПРИЗНАНО ИМУЩЕСТВОМ. АВТОР НА ОСНОВЕ АНАЛИЗА КОНКРЕТНЫХ СУ- ДЕБНЫХ ДЕЛ ОБОСНОВЫВАЕТ НАДУМАННЫЙ ХАРАКТЕР ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРАВОВОГО РЕЖИМА ДОМЕННОГО ИМЕНИ И ДОКАЗЫВАЕТ ОПРАВДАННОСТЬ ЕГО ОТСУТСТВИЯ В ПЕРЕЧНЕ ОБЪЕКТОВ ГРАЖДАНСКИХ ПРАВ.
El rol de la frustración y otras emociones negativas en las conductas ilícitas asociadas a la competición deportiva
Authors: Teijon Marco
Published: July 2020

En este estudio evaluamos las posibles causas subyacentes a ciertas infracciones que se producen en el ámbito de la práctica deportiva. Para ello, tomamos como marco teórico de referencia las propuestas de las teorías de la frustración. Estas teorías, en sus versiones clásicas, pronostican que las causas de ciertas conductas desviadas están en la falta de oportunidades que sufren algunas personas. Sin embargo, las versiones contemporáneas de estas teorías mantienen que la relación entre frustración y desviación es indirecta. Esto es, a través de ciertas emociones negativas (Agnew 1992). En este estudio se utilizan datos de una encuesta a deportistas en activo (n=349) que proporciona información sobre emociones negativas. Un análisis factorial revela dos variables latentes que se identifican con emociones negativas previas y posteriores a la competición. Un conjunto de análisis mediación con la herramienta PROCESS Versión 3.4.1 (Hayes 2018) informa que solo las emociones negativas posteriores a la competición tienen efectos mediadores. Se analizan y discuten los resultados.
Giá trị nhuộm kép P16/ki67 trong phân loại các trường hợp bất thường tế bào ASC, LSIL
Authors: Pham Thi May , Le Trung Tho , Le Hoai Chuong , Vu Van Du , Le Quang Vinh
Published: July 2020

Mục tiêu: Xác định giá trị độ nhạy, độ đặc hiệu của nhuộm kép tế bào học các trường hợp ASC, ASC-H và LSIL với hai dấu ấn p16 và ki67. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 108 trường hợp xét nghiệm ThinPrep có chẩn đoán tế bào ASC, ASC-H và LSIL được làm xét nghiệm HPV DNA, soi cổ tử cung (CTC) và sinh thiết làm mô bệnh học từ tháng 02/2017 đến 08/2017 tại Khoa Tế bào - Di truyền và Khoa Giải phẫu bệnh, Bệnh viện Phụ Sản Trung ương. Kết quả: Trong 47 trường họp ASC, trên MBH có 36,2% là HSIL, 23,4% là LSIL. Trong 61 trường hợp LSIL có 36,1 % mô bệnh học là HSIL, 31,1% mõ bệnh học là LSIL. Tỷ lệ nhiễm hrHPV là 75,0%. Tỷ lệ đồng bộc nhuộm kép p16/ki67 là 47,2%. Kết luận: Độ nhạy, độ đặc hiệu, giá trị dự báo dương tính và giá trị dự báo âm tính của nhuộm kép p16/ki67 với các bất thường tế bào ASC (88,2% - 86,7%, - 78,9%, va 92,9%,): LSIL (94,7%, - 69,0%, -58,1%, và 96,7%>). Độ chính xác của nhuộm kép là 82,4%.
Giá trị tầm soát ung thư cổ tử cung bằng xét nghiệm PAP, HPV, phối hợp PAP và HPV (Co-testing) tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản Nhi Bình Dương
Authors: Truong Thi Kim Hoan
Published: July 2020

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ tổn thương bất thường cổ tử cung qua sàng lọc bằng phương pháp PAP, HPV (định týp từng phần), Co-testing và độ nhạy, độ đặc hiệu, giá trị tiên đoán dương, giá trị tiên đoán âm của từng phương pháp trong sàng lọc UTCTC kiểm chứng bằng kết quả sinh thiết CTC.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Một nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả được thực hiện trên 170 phụ nữ khám tầm soát UTCTC tại Bệnh viện Phụ Sản Nhi Bình Dương có kết quả soi CTC theo hệ thống phân độ CCI ≥ 3 điểm chỉ định sinh thiết làm xét nghiệm GPB được chọn vào nghiên cứu trong thời gian từ tháng 6/2016 – 6/2018.

Kết quả: Xét nghiệm HPV có độ nhạy, giá trị tiên đoán âm lần lượt là 88,1%; 90,7% cao hơn so với xét nghiệm PAP là 32,6%; 70,5%; và gần tương đương với phương pháp Co-testing là 91,4%; 91,7%.

Kết luận: Chọn lựa xét nghiệm HPV định týp từng phần làm xét nghiệm đầu tay để tầm soát ung thư cổ tử cung sẽ có lợi về giá trị tầm soát đồng thời giảm được chi phí cho bệnh nhân so với xét nghiệm Co-testing.
PENGARUH AUDIT TENURE, DEBT DEFAULT, KUALITAS AUDIT DAN OPINI AUDIT TERHADAP OPINI AUDIT GOING CONCERN PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Sari, Yustina Triyani Novita
Published: July 2020

An audit opinion of going concern is an audit opinion issued by the auditor to ascertain whether a certain company can still maintain its survival for a year coming. The variables used in this research are the audit tenure, debt default, audit quality and audit opinion. These objects of research are 23 companies operate in industry sector (manufactur) which is listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during period 2011-2016. For hypothesis testing result show that audit tenure does not have sufficient evidence of significant effect on the audit opinion of going concern, debt default does not have sufficient evidence of significant effect on the audit opinion of going concern audit opinion of going concern, quality audit does not have sufficient evidence of significant effect on the audit opinion of going concern the audit opinion of going concernand audit opinion there is liable to audit opinion from previous year of going concern. Keywords: Audit Opinion Of Going Concern, Audit Tenure, Debt Default, Quality Audit, And Audit Opinion From Previous Year
Analysis of Technical and Allocative efficiencies among Cotton Producers in Nagpur District, Maharashtra State, India
Authors: Salihu A , Singh HP , Safiyanu SA , Hassan M
Published: July 2020

This article assessed the technical and allocative efficiencies of cotton farmers in Nagpur district, Maharashtra, India. A multi-stage sampling technique was adopted in selecting one hundred and twenty farmers. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, stochastic frontier production function and inefficiency model were employed for data analysis. Results from the review of socioeconomic characteristics reveal that cotton production in the study area was dominated by small and marginal farmers (96.7%). Majority of the cotton producers (84.2%) had small family size (2-6 persons) with low literacy rate. The results obtained from the stochastic frontier production function reveal that farm size and labour were the major determinants of cotton production in the study area. The mean technical efficiency estimate was 78%, implying that farmers are highly efficient although cotton output can still be raised by 22% through better resource allocation without incurring additional cost. Estimates of Allocative efficiency indicated that agrochemical was underutilized while fertilizer and labour were over utilized. Results from the inefficiency model indicate that educational status of the farmers was the major source of inefficiency in cotton production. The study therefore suggests intensive awareness campaign and regular extension visits by concerned authorities in order to facilitate better usage of improved technology packages aimed at enhancing yield and farm income.
Investigating Urban Traffic Noise Pollution carried out at Higher Learning Institutions in Windhoek, Namibia
Authors: Onjefu SA , Ejembi E , Onjefu LA
Published: July 2020

Noise pollution adversely affects human health. Higher institutions of learning situated in urban areas can be affected by noise pollution. In this study, noise pollution levels were measured in three institutions of higher learning in Windhoek [International University of Management-(IUM), Triumphant College-(TC) and International Training College LINGUA-(ITC)]. The mean noise pollution values were higher than the World Health Organisation (WHO)'s, United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)s’ recommended limit of 45 dB (A) for silence zones. The mean noise level equivalent (L) variation and the mean percentile eq noise indices of the three institutions were all above the recommended standards for educational institutions. The mean value of noise climate (NC) was found to be 18.4, 17.9 and 16.3 (IUM, TC and ITC-Lingua) and the traffic noise index (TNI) for all the locations were higher than the WHO's traffic noise recommended limit of 45 (dB). The results of the research indicate that the higher institutions of learning studied are noisy particularly because of vehicle noise. In order to reduce noise pollution within the campuses some useful suggestions were presented.
Genetic algorithms for the scheduling in additive manufacturing
Authors: Castillo-Rivera S. , De Antón J. , Del Olmo R. , Pajares J. , López-Paredes A.
Published: July 2020

Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are introduced to tackle the packing problem. The scheduling in Additive Manufacturing (AM) is also dealt with to set up a managed market, called “Lonja3D”. This will enable to determine an alternative tool through the combinatorial auctions, wherein the customers will be able to purchase the products at the best prices from the manufacturers. Moreover, the manufacturers will be able to optimize the production capacity and to decrease the operating costs in each case.
A mixed-integer programming model for cycle time minimization in assembly line balancing: Using rework stations for performing parallel tasks
Authors: Cavdur F. , Kaymaz E.
Published: July 2020

In assembly lines, rework stations are generally used for reprocessing defective items. On the other hand, using rework stations for this purpose only might cause inefficient usage of the resources in this station especially in an assembly line with a low defective rate. In this study, a mixed-integer programming model for cycle time minimization is proposed by considering the use of rework stations for performing parallel tasks. By linearizing the non-linear constraint about parallel tasks using a variate transformation, the model is transformed to a linear-mixed-integer form. In addition to different defective rates, different rework station positions are also considered using the proposed model. The performance of the model is analyzed on several test problems from the related literature.
Production planning in 3D printing factories
Authors: De Antón J. , Senovilla J. , González J.M. , Acebes F.
Published: July 2020

Production planning in 3D printing factories brings new challenges among which the scheduling of parts to be produced stands out. A main issue is to increase the efficiency of the plant and 3D printers productivity. Planning, scheduling, and nesting in 3D printing are recurrent problems in the search for new techniques to promote the development of this technology. In this work, we address the problem for the suppliers that have to schedule their daily production. This problem is part of the LONJA3D model, a managed 3D printing market where the parts ordered by the customers are reorganized into new batches so that suppliers can optimize their production capacity. In this paper, we propose a method derived from the design of combinatorial auctions to solve the nesting problem in 3D printing. First, we propose the use of a heuristic to create potential manufacturing batches. Then, we compute the expected return for each batch. The selected batch should generate the highest income. Several experiments have been tested to validate the process. This method is a first approach to the planning problem in 3D printing and further research is proposed to improve the procedure.
Hydrogen-Induced Cracking of 500 HBW Steels Studied Using a Novel Tuning-Fork Test with Integrated Loadcell System
Authors: Latypova Renata , Seppälä Oskari , Nyo Tun Tun , Kauppi Timo , Pallaspuro Sakari , Mehtonen Saara , Hänninen Hannu , Kömi Jukka
Published: July 2020

Hydrogen embrittlement is a well-known problem with high-strength steels. An important aspect of hydrogen embrittlement research is the effect of the prior austenite grain (PAG) structure on hydrogen-induced fracture. The microstructural anisotropy of PAG structure depends on the steel manufacturing process. In this study, 500 HBW martensitic steels with different PAG structures are investigated with a novel tuning-fork test that utilizes an integrated loadcell system. The loadcell clamping system is used during hydrogen charging, allowing tracking of the applied force throughout the tests, which enables detection of separate phases of cracking and time-to-fracture. The elongated PAG morphology produces different results depending on the crack path direction in relation to the rolling direction, whereas the equiaxed PAG morphology does not manifest an orientation dependence. Depending on the PAG shape, also the fracture morphology differs. Time-to-fracture results show that elongated grain morphologies with transgranular quasi-cleavage crack propagation are more beneficial against hydrogen-induced fracture than equiaxed grain structure with intergranular crack propagation. These results demonstrate that the shape of the PAG structure plays an important role in the crack propagation mechanism and that it is important to consider the possible direction of hydrogen-induced cracks in the final structural applications.
Volatile Organic Compound fluxes in a subarctic peatland and lake
Authors: Seco Roger , Holst Thomas , Matzen Mikkel Sillesen , Westergaard-Nielsen Andreas , Li Tao , Simin Tihomir , Jansen Joachim , Crill Patrick , Friborg Thomas , Rinne Janne , Rinnan Riikka
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Ecosystems exchange climate-relevant trace gases with the atmosphere, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are a small but highly reactive part of the carbon cycle. VOCs have important ecological functions and implications for atmospheric chemistry and climate. We measured the ecosystem-level surface-atmosphere VOC fluxes using the eddy covariance technique at a shallow subarctic lake and an adjacent graminoid-dominated fen in Northern Sweden during two contrasting periods: the peak growing season (mid July) and the senescent period post-growing season (September–October). In July, the fen was a net source of methanol, acetaldehyde, acetone, DMS, isoprene, and monoterpenes. All of these VOCs showed a diel cycle of emission with maxima around noon and isoprene dominated the fluxes (93 ± 22 µmol m−2 day−1, mean ± SE). Isoprene emission was strongly stimulated by temperature and presented a steeper response to temperature (Q10 = 14.5) than that typically assumed in biogenic emission models, supporting the high temperature sensitivity of arctic vegetation. In September, net emissions of methanol and isoprene were drastically reduced, while acetaldehyde and acetone were deposited to the fen, with rates of up to −6.7 ± 2.8 µmol m−2 day−1 for acetaldehyde. Remarkably, the lake was a sink for acetaldehyde and acetone during both periods, with average fluxes up to −19 ± 1.3 µmol m−2 day−1 of acetone in July and up to −8.5 ± 2.3 µmol m−2 day−1 of acetaldehyde in September. The deposition of both carbonyl compounds correlated with their atmospheric mixing ratios, with deposition velocities of −0.23 ± 0.01 and −0.68 ± 0.03 cm s−1 for acetone and acetaldehyde, respectively. Even though these VOC fluxes represented less than 0.5 % and less than 5 % of the CO2 and CH4 net carbon ecosystem exchange, respectively, VOCs alter the oxidation capacity of the atmosphere. Thus, understanding the response of their emissions to climate change is important for accurate prediction of the future climatic conditions in this rapidly warming area of the planet.
Influence of extreme events modeled by Lévy flight on global thermohaline circulation stability
Authors: Tesfay Daniel , Serdukova Larissa , Zheng Yayun , Wei Pingyuan , Duan Jinqiao , Kurths Jürgen
Published: July 2020

Abstract. How will extreme events due to human activities and climate change affect the oceanic thermohaline circulation is a key concern in climate predictions. The stability of the thermohaline circulation with respect to extreme events, such as fresh-water oscillations, greenhouse gas accumulations and collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, is examined using a conceptual stochastic Stommel two-compartment model. The extreme fluctuations are modeled by symmetric α-stable Lévy motions whose pathways are cádlág functions with at most a countable number of jumps. The mean first passage time, escape probability and stochastic basin of attraction are used to perform the stability analysis of on (off) equilibrium states. Our results argue that for model with weak fresh-water forcing strength, the greatest threat to the stability of the on-state represents noise with low jumps and higher frequency that can be seen as civilization-induced greenhouse gas accumulation. On the other hand, the off-state stability is more vulnerable to the agitations with moderate jumps and frequencies which can be interpreted as wind- driven circulations towards higher latitudes. Under the repercussion of stochastic noise, on to off transitions are more expected in the model if the fresh-water influx is strong. Moreover, transitions from one metastable state to another are equiprobable when the fresh-water input induces a symmetric potential well.
Large-eddy simulation of the ice shelf-ocean boundary layer and
heterogeneous refreezing rate by sub-ice shelf plume
Authors: Na Ji Sung , Kim Taekyun , Jin Emilia Kyung , Yoon Seung-Tae , Lee Won Sang , Yun Sukyoung , Lee Jiyeon
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The role of the refreezing effect in the ice shelf–ocean boundary layer (IOBL) flow with a super-cooled, plume beneath the ice shelf is investigated using the large-eddy simulation. To reveal the detailed physical processes and characteristics of the IOBL flow, a model domain is initialized and forced by in situ observations and a comparison is made between two simulations, one with the refreezing effect and one without. The simulated velocity, potential temperature, and salinity field are validated with in situ observations performed in Terra Nova Bay in the western Ross Sea in 2016/2017, confirming that the vertical structures in the simulation results agree well with observations. In particular, it is evident that, when the refreezing effect is considered, the IOBL flow can be more realistically resolved, especially upward advection from the sub-ice shelf plume and the ice front eddy. Beneath the ice shelf, two district regions (the inner and outer regions) are identified based on flow characteristics and the refreezing pattern. In the inner region, stratification and stable conditions are observed with negative momentum flux and low refreezing rates. Meanwhile, in the outer region, high shear impact and unstable conditions with a heat flux of −9 to −52 W m−2 are observed, demonstrating the high refreezing rate and the entrainment of super-cooled water from the sub-ice shelf plume. A total of 94 % of the refreezing events occur in the outer region, with a maximum refreezing rate of 1.86 m yr−1 at the ice front.
The Alaiz Experiment: untangling multi-scale stratified flows over
complex terrain
Authors: Santos Pedro , Mann Jakob , Vasiljević Nikola , Cantero Elena , Sanz Rodrigo Javier , Borbón Fernando , Martínez-Villagrasa Daniel , Martí Belén , Cuxart Joan
Published: July 2020

Abstract. We present novel measurements from a field campaign that aims to characterize multi-scale flow patterns, ranging from 0.1 to 10 km, in a mountainous region in Northwestern Spain with a mountain-valley-ridge configuration. We select two flow cases where topographic-flow interactions were measured by five synchronized scanning Doppler wind lidars along a 10-km transect line, including a cross-section of the valley flow. We observed a hydraulic jump in the lee-side of the mountain. The Froude number transition from supercritical (> 1) at the mountain to subcritical (
Mixed Approaches to Learning in the Flipped Classroom: How Students Approach the Learning Environment
Authors: Sigurðardóttir Margrét Sigrún , Heijstra Thamar Melanie
Published: July 2020

Flipped teaching is a trend within higher education. Through flipped teaching the learning environment can be altered by moving the lecture out of the classroom through online recordings, while in-classroom sessions focus on active learning and engaging students in their own learning process. In this paper, we used focus groups comprised of male students in a qualitative research course with the aim of understanding the ways in which we might improve active student engagement and motivation within the flipped classroom. The findings indicated that, within the flipped classroom, students mix surface and deep-learning approaches. The online recordings, which students interact with through a surface approach, can function as a stepping stone toward a deep-learning approach to in-class activities, but only if students come to class prepared. The findings therefore suggest that students must be made aware of the importance of preparation prior to flipped classroom in-class activities to ensure the active learning process is successful. By not listening to the recordings (e.g., due to technological failure, as was the case in this study), students can result in only employing a surface approach.
Using a Learning Philosophy Assignment to Capture Students’ Metacognition and Achievement Goals
Authors: Keus Kelly , Haave Neil C
Published: July 2020

As key components of self-regulated learning, metacognition and goal orientation have been tied to improvements in academic achievement. Some research supports a bidirectional relationship between metacognition and goal orientation in which they promote each other as well as learning outcomes. We created a learning philosophy assignment (LP) to encourage students’ consideration of their learning strategies and goals resulting in a record of students’ metacognition. Research suggests that low-achieving students may have different metacognitive capabilities and learning goals and as such may be differentially impacted by the assignment. This paper considers the content of the LPs. Students were split into achievement quartiles to explore any patterns in metacognition or learning goals distinct to achievement level. Our content analysis confirms that the LP was successful in documenting metacognition and learning goals in all students. There were some differences related to achievement level.
The Effect of Interviewers’ Genders on the Quantity and Quality of Their Interviewees’ Output: A Comparative Inquiry among Saudi Students
Authors: I Alhojailan Ahmad
Published: July 2020

Gender segregation is widely established in Saudi Arabia, and this may affect the interviewing dynamic in conducting spoken tests. Such an effect could pose significant consequences for interviewees; for example, it might affect their ability to obtain high scores in the speaking sections of standardized tests (e.g., the IELTS). This could prevent them from enrolling in universities in English speaking countries (e.g., United States, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada) as well as other universities that require such tests for enrollment purposes. As such, this study attempts to explore whether the gender of an interviewer can affect how a respondent forms their answer in terms of both depth and length. In this study, two interviewers (a male and a female) interviewed six Saudis of both genders, comprising a total of 12 interviews. The results showed that when both the interviewer and the interviewee were of the same gender, interviewees’ responses tended to be lengthy, and they were more likely to expand their response to other related topics. On the other hand, when both the interviewer and the interviewee were not of the same gender, brevity and/or avoidance characterized their answers.
Vodún, Spirited Forests, and the African Atlantic Forest Complex
Authors: Landry Timothy R.
Published: July 2020

Vodún has been described as indefinable, endlessly flexible, and borderless. In this paper, I develop an analytical framework for understanding global Vodún, thereby challenging claims that Vodún is, at its core, inexplicable. To accomplish this, I combine over a decade of ethnographic research in Bénin and Haiti with my status as an initiate of Haitian Vodou and my time as a diviner's apprentice in Bénin. Joining these three modalities, I explore the centrality of the forest as a key symbol in Vodún cosmology, how the forest's symbolic and ontological potency is maintained in Bénin and beyond, and how a forest-focused analysis of Vodún offers anthropologists new insights into how and why African Atlantic forest religions have been so successful globally. I lay out a new strategy for understanding Vodún that reframes the religion as an ontological product of forest cosmologies, and, in so doing, I argue that Vodún is best understood as a smaller part of a greater African Atlantic religious system that I call the “African Atlantic Forest Complex.”
Direitos Sociais no Brasil: balanço de uma jornada com destino incerto
Authors: Balmant Emerique Lilian Márcia
Published: July 2020

O artigo traz um balanço sucinto e panorâmico sobre a eficácia dos direitos sociais, utilizando como metodologia analítico-descritiva a reflexão sobre os principais processos transcorridos desde 1988 com a promulgação da Constituição brasileira conduzidos pelos Poderes Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário em termos de avanços, desafios e impasses na matéria. Entretanto, sem ter a pretensão de esgotar o assunto uma vez que nosso propósito ao final consiste em trazer algumas proposições para alterações no quadro descrito capazes de fomentar a eficácia dos direitos sociais. O estudo desenvolve uma análise crítica e proativa sobre a eficácia dos direitos sociais com vistas a atualizar o debate, fazer uma breve análise e buscar meios para o aprimoramento da democracia pelo exercício mais pleno da cidadania, especialmente voltada para o desenvolvimento sustentável do Estado brasileiro, solapado por problemas ocasionados pela marginalização e exclusão social. O objetivo das apreciações científicas no campo do Direito consiste em cooperar para o aperfeiçoamento das instituições jurídicas e das políticas públicas sobre a eficácia dos direitos sociais.
MANIFIESTO POR UNA NUEVA NORMALIDAD
Authors: CLAIP Consejo
Published: July 2020

La profunda crisis mundial que hoy sufrimos a causa del virus SARS CoV-2 es un síntoma de la normalidad enferma en la que vivíamos. La virulencia de la crisis es magniﬁcada por un modelo civilizatorio que antepone los intereses particulares sobre los derechos universales, que privatiza los beneﬁcios y socializa las pérdidas, que estimula la acumulación de unos pocos a costa del despojo de muchos, y que impone una cultura política depredadora de la vida. Ningún bien está a salvo de las garras del egoísmo exacerbado por políticas privatizadoras que se hacen pasar por públicas: ni el agua que bebemos, ni el aire que respiramos. Tampoco nuestra exigua libertad se encuentra a salvo, ahora confundida con la capacidad para autoexplotarnos.
Organizational Innovation Instrument to Industry: Focusing in the U Theory
Authors: De Souza Lucas Moreira , Barbosa Raul Afonso Pommer , Martins Artur Virgílio Simpson , Filho Flavio De São Pedro
Published: July 2020

This study highlights the organizational innovation practices of a glass processing plant, in order to promote radical change in the assumptions of Theory U. The question to be answered is how Theory U can be used to develop the innovative system of an organization. The overall objective of this research is to study an organization’s effort to innovate from the standpoint of its employees; and to achieve a specific interpretation of a production system by (1) improving, and (2) describing how Theory U can be used for organizational innovation, before (3) proposing a model of innovation for the organization under study. The qualitative and quantitative research is developed by the Case Study Method. It involves raising the awareness of employees working in the organization to highlight management’s planning efforts, in order to improve their organizational and pro-innovation behavior. The main result is a technical treatment of the management of the production system, in order to induce organizational innovation. It prioritizes the construction of an innovative model, with Theory U as a working tool. In addition, it is found that organizational innovation requires participatory planning. Operational success requires the employees to be wholeheartedly committed to improvement and constantly offering suggestions in order to contribute to organizational change; this maintains a vision that sustains competitiveness; The results allow us to offer an innovation model that prioritizes employees’ perceptions and break away from outdated behavior based on top-down industrial structure, in which the directors monopolize the decisions that restrict teams of workers to routine tasks.
Desafios e possibilidades do programa bolsa família: houve mudanças nas condições de vida de seus beneficiários?
Authors: Arruda Poliana Aparecida , De Camargo Bittencourt Zélia Zilda Lourenço
Published: July 2020

O Bolsa Família é o principal programa de transferência condicionada de renda do Brasil no combate à fome e à miséria. O objetivo deste artigo foi identificar, sob o olhar dos beneficiários, as mudanças que o Programa Bolsa Família ocasionou em suas condições de vida. O estudo exploratório de orientação qualitativa entrevistou 16 beneficiários do programa. Todos os participantes eram mulheres, a maioria casada ou em união estável, baixa escolaridade, sem vínculo empregatício, sendo em grande parte a responsável pela unidade familiar. O Programa Bolsa Família foi considerado “ajuda” e não um direito viabilizado por política pública, enquanto o benefício “um complemento da renda para a alimentação”. O Programa não possibilitou acesso ao mercado de trabalho, evidenciando a necessidade de políticas públicas articuladas e ações coerentes com o perfil dos beneficiários e da realidade local para o enfrentamento das diversas vulnerabilidades.
Mapping Affect Studies
Authors: Lara Ali
Published: July 2020

This editorial for the special issue Mapping Affect Studies, I briefly introduce the relevance to explore the intersections between affect studies and other relevant fields for social sciences and humanities. To create a frame to explore such intersections, I explore the affective turn in relation to its epistemological/ontological assumptions, its methodological challenges, and the politics of the affective turn. Then, I offer some notes on two intersections with fields that are missing in this Special issue: the intersection between affect and feminism, and affect and disability. I finish this introduction by presenting the articles of the special issue.
El proyecto Go-Lab como entorno virtual de aprendizaje: análisis y futuro
Authors: Palau Ramon , Mogas-Recalde Jordi , Domínguez-García Santiago
Published: July 2020

Este estudio parte del objetivo de evaluar el proyecto Go-Lab en clave de espacio virtual de aprendizaje. La necesidad de aprender ciencia de una forma más aplicada y manipulativa se enfrenta al alto coste de los laboratorios. En este sentido Go-Lab proporciona acceso a laboratorios en línea para enriquecer la experiencia formativa. En el presente trabajo se ha utilizado una metodología mixta con un diseño secuencial explicativo que ha permitido realizar una evaluación de este espacio virtual de aprendizaje. Por un lado, se ha utilizado un cuestionario con una muestra de 34 usuarios avanzados de Go-Lab que evalúan la plataforma a partir de las características de un espacio virtual de aprendizaje y, por otro lado, un grupo focal, como técnica cualitativa, con un equipo de 8 expertos en espacios virtuales de aprendizaje que han evaluado Go-Lab desde una perspectiva técnica. Se contrastan los resultados cualitativos y cuantitativos para concluir que Go-Lab cumple algunos de los requisitos para ser considerado un espacio virtual de aprendizaje inteligente, si bien, considerando las posibilidades tecnológicas actuales, tiene ciertas carencias para adaptarse mejor a diferentes tipos de alumnos, brindar nuevos enfoques de aprendizaje colaborativo y dar mejores soluciones al aprendizaje móvil multiplataforma.
Dos perspectivas de una misma meta: pertinencia y nivel de logro de las competencias universitarias
Authors: Belmonte María Luisa , García-Sanz Mari Paz , Galián Begoña
Published: July 2020

Tras las profundas modificaciones experimentadas por las instituciones educativas universitarias en los últimos años, se declara al estudiante como el mayor protagonista de su propio proceso formativo, lo que le promulga como agente activo de su aprendizaje. Dada la importancia que tiene la idoneidad de las competencias que los alumnos han de adquirir durante su paso por la universidad, así como el nivel de logro alcanzado en ellas, con el presente estudio se pretende evaluar y contrastar la percepción del profesorado y del alumnado en relación con la pertinencia de los conocimientos que conforman el grado en Pedagogía de la Universidad de Murcia, así como el nivel en que se han logrado, tanto de forma global como en función del curso en que se encuentran matriculados los estudiantes. A la luz de los resultados analizados se concluye que, en algunos casos, las opiniones de alumnos y docentes coinciden en cuanto a la pertinencia de las competencias, pero no en relación con el nivel de logro de las mismas. Únicamente los estudiantes de último curso, a nivel global, demuestran ideas concordantes con el profesorado en cuanto al grado competencial adquirido.
Innovación educativa en el grado de Educación Social de las universidades españolas: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Martínez de Miguel López Silvia , Salmerón Aroca Juan Antonio , Moreno Abellán Pedro
Published: July 2020

Desde finales del siglo XX se ha venido produciendo en Europa un importante cambio ideológico a la hora de entender la formación universitaria a través de múltiples dimensiones. Uno de los principales cambios afectaba a los procesos metodológicos y evaluativos desarrollados por los docentes de la educación superior. Este artículo aborda el perfil de las innovaciones didácticas que se han ido incorporando en el espacio universitario utilizando como contexto el grado de Educación Social en las distintas universidades españolas que lo tienen en su catálogo de títulos. Para ello, la metodología empleada fue la revisión sistemática. Partiendo de un N = 510 registros publicados en abierto en los últimos 10 años en bases de datos como Web of Science, Scopus o Eric, se seleccionaron finalmente 38 investigaciones. Los hallazgos reflejan que se está produciendo un cambio de metodologías, recursos e instrumentos de evaluación docente, mayoritariamente en referencia al empleo de recursos tecnológicos por parte del profesorado, además de contribuir al aprendizaje autónomo, significativo, participativo y dialógico del alumnado.
Does mentoring for young women introduce a feminist approach? A scoping review
Authors: Foradada Villar Mireia , Sala Roca Josefina
Published: July 2020

Although mentoring for young people at risk of social exclusion is a widespread educational intervention strategy, little research has been conducted on mentoring for young women aimed at eradicating gender inequalities. This article examines the existing scientific literature on mentoring for young women by means of a scoping review. A total of 1,256 studies were compiled from six specialized databases. Of these, 21 papers were selected and analyzed in depth, three of which are defined by the authors as feminist mentoring (Femtoring). Our analysis served to identify the main characteristics of mentoring programs for young women and the implications of the feminist perspective at the socio-educational level. Furthermore, reflective tools are provided on the empowerment processes stemming from a feminist approach to mentoring programs.
Global and Development Education and Global Skills
Authors: Bourn Douglas
Published: July 2020

Development education has its roots in Europe in response to decolonisation and the need for public support and engagement in international development. From these roots, it grew as a field of educational practice to encompass themes of global citizenship, postcolonialism and critical pedagogy. Global education, on the other hand, has its roots in broader traditions around international education from both North America and Europe. Today both educational fields have come together in many countries under the umbrella of either global learning or global citizenship education. This article reviews this growth from a UK perspective and then outlines an area, namely skills, which has to date had a lower profile than knowledge and values. It concludes by proposing a framework for global skills that is based on the author’s work on pedagogy for global social justice.