bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of Plasmodium falciparum populations selected on the human endothelial receptors P-selectin, E-selectin, CD9 and CD151
Authors: Metwally Nahla Galal , Tilly Ann-Kathrin , Lubiana Pedro , Roth Lisa K. , Dörpinghaus Michael , Lorenzen Stephan , Schuldt Kathrin , Witt Susanne , Bachmann Anna , Tidow Henning , Gutsmann Thomas , Burmester Thorsten , Roeder Thomas , Tannich Egbert , Bruchhaus Iris
Published: June 2017

The ability of the parasitePlasmodium falciparumto evade the immune system and be sequestered within human small blood vessels is responsible for severe forms of malaria. The sequestration depends on the interaction between human endothelial receptors andP. falciparumerythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) exposed on the surface of the infected erythrocytes (IEs). In this study, the transcriptomes of parasite populations enriched for parasites that bind to human P-selectin, E-selectin, CD9 and CD151 receptors were analysed. IT4_var02 and IT4_var07 were specifically expressed in IT4 parasite populations enriched for P-selectin-binding parasites; eightvargenes (IT4_var02/07/09/13/17/41/44/64) were specifically expressed in isolate populations enriched for CD9-binding parasites. Interestingly, IT4 parasite populations enriched for E-selectin- and CD151-binding parasites showed identical expression profiles to those of a parasite population exposed to wild-type CHO-745 cells. The same phenomenon was observed for the 3D7 isolate population enriched for binding to P-selectin, E-selectin, CD9 and CD151. This implies that the corresponding ligands for these receptors have either weak binding capacity or do not exist on the IE surface. Conclusively, this work expanded our understanding ofP. falciparumadhesive interactions, through the identification ofvartranscripts that are enriched within the selected parasite populations.
Regulation of glycolysis in brown adipocytes by HIF-1α
Authors: Basse Astrid L. , Isidor Marie S. , Winther Sally , Skjoldborg Nina B. , Murholm Maria , Andersen Elise S. , Pedersen Steen B. , Wolfrum Christian , Quistorff Bjørn , Hansen Jacob B.
Published: June 2017

Brown adipose tissue takes up large amounts of glucose during cold exposure in mice and humans. Here we report an induction of glucose transporter 1 expression and increased expression of several glycolytic enzymes in brown adipose tissue from cold-exposed mice. Accordingly, these genes were also induced after β-adrenergic activation of cultured brown adipocytes, concomitant with accumulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) protein levels. HIF-1α accumulation was dependent on uncoupling protein 1 and generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Expression of key glycolytic enzymes was reduced after knockdown of HIF-1α in mature brown adipocytes. Glucose consumption, lactate export and glycolytic capacity were reduced in brown adipocytes depleted of Hif-1α. Finally, we observed a decreased β-adrenergically induced oxygen consumption in Hif-1α knockdown adipocytes cultured in medium with glucose as the only exogenously added fuel. These data suggest that HIF-1α-dependent regulation of glycolysis is necessary for maximum glucose metabolism in brown adipocytes.
Standing wave effect and fractal structure in dislocation evolution
Authors: Li P. , Zhang Z. F.
Published: June 2017

Theoretical model required for the evolution of regular dislocation pattern should simultaneously take into account both static distribution and dynamic evolution of dislocation pattern. In principle, there exists a stable uniformly moving dislocation with both core and far field advancing at the same constant velocity, which suggests the existence of the traveling waves representing moving dislocation. Therefore, one new term “dislocation wave” is defined by simultaneously consisting of both an elastic wave and a dislocation in each wavefront. According to the standing wave effect, the edge dislocation segments capture mutually to form the periodic ladder structures at the nodes. These persistent slip band (PSB) ladders are not only self-organized but also self-similar dislocation patterns. The fractal dimension further reveals the intrinsic nature of crack initiation and propagation along slip bands and deformation bands.
Focal Adhesion Kinase Regulates Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Zhao Xue-Ke , Yu Lei , Cheng Ming-Liang , Che Pulin , Lu Yin-Ying , Zhang Quan , Mu Mao , Li Hong , Zhu Li-Li , Zhu Juan-Juan , Hu Meng , Li Po , Liang Yue-Dong , Luo Xin-Hua , Cheng Yi-Ju , Xu Zhi-Xiang , Ding Qiang
Published: June 2017

Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of liver fibrosis is important to develop effective therapy. Herein, we show that focal-adhesion-kinse (FAK) plays a key role in promoting hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation in vitro and liver fibrosis progression in vivo. FAK activation is associated with increased expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen in fibrotic live tissues. Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) induces FAK activation in a time and dose dependent manner. FAK activation precedes the α-SMA expression in HSCs. Inhibition of FAK activation blocks the α-SMA and collagen expression, and inhibits the formation of stress fibers in TGF-β1 treated HSCs. Furthermore, inhibition of FAK activation significantly reduces HSC migration and small GTPase activation, and induces apoptotic signaling in TGF-β1 treated HSCs. Importantly, FAK inhibitor attenuates liver fibrosis in vivo and significantly reduces collagen and α-SMA expression in an animal model of liver fibrosis. These data demonstrate that FAK plays an essential role in HSC activation and liver fibrosis progression, and FAK signaling pathway could be a potential target for liver fibrosis.
3D Bayesian cluster analysis of super-resolution data reveals LAT recruitment to the T cell synapse
Authors: Griffié Juliette , Shlomovich Leigh , Williamson David J. , Shannon Michael , Aaron Jesse , Khuon Satya , L. Burn Garth , Boelen Lies , Peters Ruby , Cope Andrew P. , Cohen Edward A. K. , Rubin-Delanchy Patrick , Owen Dylan M.
Published: June 2017

Single-molecule localisation microscopy (SMLM) allows the localisation of fluorophores with a precision of 10–30 nm, revealing the cell’s nanoscale architecture at the molecular level. Recently, SMLM has been extended to 3D, providing a unique insight into cellular machinery. Although cluster analysis techniques have been developed for 2D SMLM data sets, few have been applied to 3D. This lack of quantification tools can be explained by the relative novelty of imaging techniques such as interferometric photo-activated localisation microscopy (iPALM). Also, existing methods that could be extended to 3D SMLM are usually subject to user defined analysis parameters, which remains a major drawback. Here, we present a new open source cluster analysis method for 3D SMLM data, free of user definable parameters, relying on a model-based Bayesian approach which takes full account of the individual localisation precisions in all three dimensions. The accuracy and reliability of the method is validated using simulated data sets. This tool is then deployed on novel experimental data as a proof of concept, illustrating the recruitment of LAT to the T-cell immunological synapse in data acquired by iPALM providing ~10 nm isotropic resolution.
Human endothelial cells secrete neurotropic factors to direct axonal growth of peripheral nerves
Authors: Grasman Jonathan M. , Kaplan David L.
Published: June 2017

Understanding how nerves spontaneously innervate tissues or regenerate small injuries is critical to enhance material-based interventions to regenerate large scale, traumatic injuries. During embryogenesis, neural and vascular tissues form interconnected, complex networks as a result of signaling between these tissue types. Here, we report that human endothelial cells (HUVECs) secrete brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which significantly stimulated axonal growth from chicken or rat dorsal root ganglia (DRGs). HUVEC-conditioned medium was sufficient to enhance axonal growth, demonstrating that direct cell-cell contact was not required. When BDNF was neutralized, there was a significant reduction in axonal growth when incubated in HUVEC-conditioned medium and in direct co-culture with HUVECs. These data show that HUVECs secrete neurotrophic factors that significantly enhance axonal growth, and can inform future in vivo studies to direct or pattern the angiogenic response in regenerating tissues to encourage re-innervation.
Predicting long-term mortality in hospitalized elderly patients using the new ESPEN definition
Authors: Jiang Jiaojiao , Hu Xiaoyi , Chen Jing , Wang Haozhong , Zhang Lei , Dong Birong , Yang Ming
Published: June 2017

The European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) recently published new diagnostic criteria for malnutrition. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether malnutrition by the new ESPEN diagnostic criteria can predict long-term mortality in elderly inpatients. We conducted a prospective study in the acute geriatric wards. Malnutrition was defined according to the new ESPEN criteria and the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), respectively. The survival status was determined by telephone interviews at 3-years. A total of 437 elderly adults were included. According to the new ESPEN criteria, 66 participants (15.1%) were malnourished. According to the MNA, 45 participants (10.3%) were identified as malnourished. The 3-year all-cause mortality was 41.7% in participants with malnutrition defined by the ESPEN criteria and 15.3% in participants without malnutrition (p < 0.001). After adjusting for relevant confounders, malnutrition defined by the ESPEN criteria was a significant predictor of 3-year all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 2.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.87–4.86). However, malnutrition defined by the MNA was not a significant predictor of 3-year all-cause mortality (HR 1.67, 95% CI 0.89–2.31). In conclusion, the new ESPEN diagnostic criteria for malnutrition are reliable in predicting 3-year all-cause mortality among elderly inpatients.
Variants of the ABCA3 gene might contribute to susceptibility to interstitial lung diseases in the Chinese population
Authors: Zhou Wei , Zhuang Yi , Sun Jiapeng , Wang Xiaofen , Zhao Qingya , Xu Lizhi , Wang Yaping
Published: June 2017

ATP-binding cassette A3 (ABCA3) is a phospholipid carrier that is mainly expressed in the alveolar epithelium. Biallelic mutations of ABCA3 has been associated with fatal respiratory distress syndrome and interstitial lung disease (ILD) in children. However, whether variations in ABCA3 have a role in the development of adult ILD, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), remains to be addressed. In this study, we screened for germline variants of ABCA3 by exons-sequencing in 30 patients with sporadic IPF and in 30 matched healthy controls. Eleven missense variants, predominantly in heterozygous, were found in 13 of these patients, but only two missenses in 2 healthy controls. We then selected four of the detected missense variants (p.L39V, p.S828F, p.V968M and p.G1205R) to performed cohort analysis in 1,024 ILD patients, containing 250 IPF and 774 connective tissue disease-ILD (CTD-ILD) patients, and 1,054 healthy individuals. Our results showed that the allele frequency of p.G1205R, but not p.L39V, was significantly higher in ILD patients than in healthy controls. However, no additional subject carrying the variant p.S828F or p.V968M was detected in the cohort analysis. These results indicate that the heterozygous ABCA3 gene variants may contribute to susceptibility to diseases in the Chinese population.
A snake venom group IIA PLA2 with immunomodulatory activity induces formation of lipid droplets containing 15-d-PGJ2 in macrophages
Authors: Giannotti Karina Cristina , Leiguez Elbio , Carvalho Ana Eduarda Zulim de , Nascimento Neide Galvão , Matsubara Márcio Hideki , Fortes-Dias Consuelo Latorre , Moreira Vanessa , Teixeira Catarina
Published: June 2017

Crotoxin B (CB) is a catalytically active group IIA sPLA2 from Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom. In contrast to most GIIA sPLA2s, CB exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, including the ability to inhibit leukocyte functions. Lipid droplets (LDs) are lipid-rich organelles associated with inflammation and recognized as a site for the synthesis of inflammatory lipid mediators. Here, the ability of CB to induce formation of LDs and the mechanisms involved in this effect were investigated in isolated macrophages. The profile of CB-induced 15-d-PGJ2 (15-Deoxy-Delta-12,14-prostaglandin J2) production and involvement of LDs in 15-d-PGJ2 biosynthesis were also investigated. Stimulation of murine macrophages with CB induced increased number of LDs and release of 15-d-PGJ2. LDs induced by CB were associated to PLIN2 recruitment and expression and required activation of PKC, PI3K, MEK1/2, JNK, iPLA2 and PLD. Both 15-d-PGJ2 and COX-1 were found in CB-induced LDs indicating that LDs contribute to the inhibitory effects of CB by acting as platform for synthesis of 15-d-PGJ2, a pro-resolving lipid mediator. Together, our data indicate that an immunomodulatory GIIA sPLA2 can directly induce LD formation and production of a pro-resolving mediator in an inflammatory cell and afford new insights into the roles of LDs in resolution of inflammatory processes.
Genome-wide mapping of DNase I hypersensitive sites reveals chromatin accessibility changes in Arabidopsis euchromatin and heterochromatin regions under extended darkness
Authors: Liu Yue , Zhang Wenli , Zhang Kang , You Qi , Yan Hengyu , Jiao Yuannian , Jiang Jiming , Xu Wenying , Su Zhen
Published: June 2017

Light, as the energy source in photosynthesis, is essential for plant growth and development. Extended darkness causes dramatic gene expression changes. In this study, we applied DNase-seq (DNase I hypersensitive site sequencing) to study changes of chromatin accessibility in euchromatic and heterochromatic regions under extended darkness in Arabidopsis. We generated 27 Gb DNase-seq and 67.6 Gb RNA-seq data to investigate chromatin accessibility changes and global gene expression under extended darkness and control condition in Arabidopsis. We found that ~40% DHSs (DNaseI hypersensitive sites) were diminished under darkness. In non-TE regions, the majority of DHS-changed genes were DHS-diminished under darkness. A total of 519 down-regulated genes were associated with diminished DHSs under darkness, mainly involved in photosynthesis process and retrograde signaling, and were regulated by chloroplast maintenance master regulators such as GLK1. In TE regions, approximately half of the DHS-changed TEs were DHS-increased under darkness and were primarily associated with the LTR/Gypsy retrotransposons in the heterochromatin flanking the centromeres. In contrast, DHS-diminished TEs under darkness were enriched in Copia, LINE, and MuDR dispersed across chromosomes. Together, our results indicated that extended darkness resulted in more increased chromatin compaction in euchromatin and decompaction in heterochromatin, thus further leading to gene expression changes in Arabidopsis.
A series of multifunctional coordination polymers based on terpyridine and zinc halide: second-harmonic generation and two-photon absorption properties and intracellular imaging
Authors: Su Jian , Zhang Jun , Tian Xiaohe , Zhao Meng , Song Tao , Yu Jiancan , Cui Yuanjing , Qian Guodong , Zhong Hong , Luo Lei , Zhang Yujin , Wang Chuankui , Li Shengli , Yang Jiaxiang , Zhou Hongping , Wu Jieying , Tian Yupeng
Published: June 2017

Nonlinear optical CPs with good one- and two-photon excited fluorescence and SHG properties are presented.
Trends in molecular design strategies for ambient stable n-channel organic field effect transistors
Authors: Dhar Joydeep , Salzner Ulrike , Patil Satish
Published: June 2017

This review highlights recent advancement in developing ambient stable organic molecular semiconductors from the theoretical and experimental perspectives.
Simultaneous quantification of dopamine, acetaminophen and tyrosine at carbon paste electrodes modified with porphyrin and clay
Authors: Kemmegne-Mbouguen Justin Claude , Ngameni Emmanuel
Published: June 2017

A carbon paste electrode modified with porphyrin and natural clay was developed for simultaneous determination of dopamine, acetaminophen and tyrosine.
First-principles study of structure sensitivity of chain growth and selectivity in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis using HCP cobalt catalysts
Authors: Su Hai-Yan , Zhao Yonghui , Liu Jin-Xun , Sun Keju , Li Wei-Xue
Published: June 2017

Co (0001) prefers the CO insertion mechanism with high methane selectivity, but Co (101̄1) prefers the carbide mechanism with high C2-hydrocarbon selectivity.
Controllable synthesis of supported platinum catalysts: acidic support effect and soot oxidation catalysis
Authors: Gao Yanxiu , Yang Weinan , Wu Xiaodong , Liu Shuang , Weng Duan , Ran Rui
Published: June 2017

Platinum nanoparticles were synthesized by a classic polyol process in ethylene glycol.
Penta- and hexaorganostannate(iv) complexes based on O-heterocyclic ligands
Authors: Gebauer Ireen , Gräsing Daniel , Matysik Jörg , Zahn Stefan , Zeckert Kornelia
Published: June 2017

Novel hypercoordinate, pure heteroaryl substituted organotin(iv) compounds have been explored, which appeared either as intramolecularly stabilized zwitterionic complexes or solvent separated cation/anion pairs.
Direct and indirect measurements of enhanced phenolic bioavailability from litchi pericarp procyanidins by Lactobacillus casei-01
Authors: Li Shuyi , Li Xiaopeng , Shpigelman Avi , Lorenzo Jose M. , Montesano Domenico , Barba Francisco J.
Published: June 2017

Litchi pericarp procyanidins (LPP) are dietary supplements with high antioxidant activity, but poor oral bioavailability and efficacy, that can be enhanced by probiotics addition.
AuAg@CdS double-walled nanotubes: synthesis and nonlinear absorption properties
Authors: Guan Shundong , Fu Xiuli , Tang Ying , Peng Zhijian
Published: June 2017

Normalized experimental (individual data points) and theoretically fitted (lines of best fit) open-aperture Z-scan transmittances of AuAg@CdS double wall nanotubes at different excitation intensities.
Bimetallic core-based cuboctahedral core–shell nanoclusters for the formation of hydrogen peroxide (2e−reduction) over water (4e−reduction): role of core metals
Authors: Mahata Arup , Pathak Biswarup
Published: June 2017

The design of an efficient and selective catalyst for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) formation is highly sought due to its industrial importance.
Effect of organic cathode interfacial layers on efficiency and stability improvement of polymer solar cells
Authors: Li Mingguang , Zhang Wen , Wang Honglei , Chen Lingfeng , Zheng Chao , Chen Runfeng
Published: June 2017

Simultaneously enhanced efficiency and stability can be achieved by using an organic cathode interfacial layer with high mobility and coarse morphology.
Direct synthesis of platinum nanodots in ZIF-8/Fe3O4 core–shell hybrid nanoparticles
Authors: Lee Sanghee , Yim Changyong , Jeon Sangmin
Published: June 2017

Platinum nanodots were synthesized inside ZIF-8/Fe3O4 core–shell hybrid nanoparticles without additional reducing agents, which showed high catalytic activity for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol.
New prenylxanthones, polyketide hemiterpenoid pigments from the endophytic fungus Emericella sp. XL029 and their anti-agricultural pathogenic fungal and antibacterial activities
Authors: Wu Xia , Fang Li-Zhen , Liu Feng-Lou , Pang Xue-Jiao , Qin Hai-Li , Zhao Ting , Xu Lu-Lin , Yang Deng-Feng , Yang Xiao-Long
Published: June 2017

Four new prenylxanthones and five known compounds were isolated from the plant endophytic fungusEmericellasp. XL029. Biological assays revealed that the compounds showed selective inhibitory activity against bacterial and fungal strains.
How does TiF4 affect the decomposition of MgH2 and its complex variants? – An XPS investigation
Authors: Jain Ankur , Agarwal Shivani , Kumar Sanjay , Yamaguchi Shotaro , Miyaoka Hiroki , Kojima Yoshitsugu , Ichikawa Takayuki
Published: June 2017

The addition of 10 wt% TiF4 to magnesium hydride and its complex variants greatly influences the decomposition temperature. The detailed mechanism associated with this improvement is proposed herein.
A 3D hierarchical porous Co3O4 nanotube network as an efficient cathode for rechargeable lithium–oxygen batteries
Authors: Liu Lili , Guo Haipeng , Hou Yuyang , Wang Jun , Fu Lijun , Chen Jun , Liu Huakun , Wang Jiazhao , Wu Yuping
Published: June 2017

Three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical porous Co3O4 nanotube (HPNT) network demonstrates superior bifunctional electrocatalytic activities for lithium–oxygen batteries.
Alkylated branched poly(β-amino esters) demonstrate strong DNA encapsulation, high nanoparticle stability and robust gene transfection efficacy
Authors: Liu Shuai , Sun Zhibing , Zhou Dezhong , Guo Tianying
Published: June 2017

Branching leads to alkylated poly(β-amino esters) with stronger DNA binding, higher nanoparticle stability, higher cellular uptake and better gene transfection performance.
Control of the morphology of PbI2 films for efficient perovskite solar cells by strong Lewis base additives
Authors: Cao Xiaobing , Zhi Lili , Li Yahui , Fang Fei , Cui Xian , Yao Youwei , Ci Lijie , Ding Kongxian , Wei Jinquan
Published: June 2017

Smooth perovskite films without PbI2 are fabricated from mesoporous PbI2 by introducing some strong Lewis base additives into PbI2/DMF solutions.
Dietary restriction but not angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockade improves DNA damage-related vasodilator dysfunction in rapidly aging Ercc1Δ/− mice
Authors: Wu Haiyan , van Thiel Bibi S. , Bautista-Niño Paula K. , Reiling Erwin , Durik Matej , Leijten Frank P.J. , Ridwan Yanto , Brandt Renata M.C. , van Steeg Harry , Dollé Martijn E.T. , Vermeij Wilbert P. , Hoeijmakers Jan H.J. , Essers Jeroen , van der Pluijm Ingrid , Danser A.H. Jan , Roks Anton J.M.
Published: June 2017

DNA damage is an important contributor to endothelial dysfunction and age-related vascular disease. Recently, we demonstrated in a DNA repair-deficient, prematurely aging mouse model (Ercc1Δ/− mice) that dietary restriction (DR) strongly increases life- and health span, including ameliorating endothelial dysfunction, by preserving genomic integrity. In this mouse mutant displaying prominent accelerated, age-dependent endothelial dysfunction we investigated the signaling pathways involved in improved endothelium-mediated vasodilation by DR, and explore the potential role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Ercc1Δ/− mice showed increased blood pressure and decreased aortic relaxations to acetylcholine (ACh) in organ bath experiments. Nitric oxide (NO) signaling and phospho-Ser1177-eNOS were compromised in Ercc1Δ/−. DR improved relaxations by increasing prostaglandin-mediated responses. Increase of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and decrease of phosphodiesterase 4B were identified as potential mechanisms. DR also prevented loss of NO signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells and normalized angiotensin II (Ang II) vasoconstrictions, which were increased in Ercc1Δ/− mice. Ercc1Δ/− mutants showed a loss of Ang II type 2 receptor-mediated counter-regulation of Ang II type 1 receptor-induced vasoconstrictions. Chronic losartan treatment effectively decreased blood pressure, but did not improve endothelium-dependent relaxations. This result might relate to the aging-associated loss of treatment efficacy of RAS blockade with respect to endothelial function improvement. In summary, DR effectively prevents endothelium-dependent vasodilator dysfunction by augmenting prostaglandin-mediated responses, whereas chronic Ang II type 1 receptor blockade is ineffective.
Combined analysis of galaxy cluster number count, thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich power spectrum, and bispectrum
Authors: Hurier G. , Lacasa F.
Published: June 2017

The thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (tSZ) effect is a powerful probe of the evolution of structures in the universe, and is thus highly sensitive to cosmological parameters σ8 and Ωm, though its power is hampered by the current uncertainties on the cluster mass calibration. In this analysis we revisit constraints on these cosmological parameters as well as the hydrostatic mass bias, by performing (i) a robust estimation of the tSZ power-spectrum, (ii) a complete modeling and analysis of the tSZ bispectrum, and (iii) a combined analysis of galaxy clusters number count, tSZ power spectrum, and tSZ bispectrum. From this analysis, we derive as final constraints σ8 = 0.79 ± 0.02, Ωm = 0.29 ± 0.02, and (1−b) = 0.71 ± 0.07. These results favor a high value for the hydrostatic mass bias compared to numerical simulations and weak-lensing based estimations. They are furthermore consistent with both previous tSZ analyses, CMB derived cosmological parameters, and ancillary estimations of the hydrostatic mass bias.
Control strategies for the Fokker−Planck equation
Authors: Breiten Tobias , Kunisch Karl , Pfeiffer Laurent
Published: June 2017

Using a projection-based decoupling of the Fokker−Planck equation, control strategies that allow to speed up the convergence to the stationary distribution are investigated. By means of an operator theoretic framework for a bilinear control system, two different feedback control laws are proposed. Projected Riccati and Lyapunov equations are derived and properties of the associated solutions are given. The well-posedness of the closed loop systems is shown and local and global stabilization results, respectively, are obtained. An essential tool in the construction of the controls is the choice of appropriate control shape functions. Results for a two dimensional double well potential illustrate the theoretical findings in a numerical setup.
Postoperative Complications and Long-Term Results after Primary Cardiac Sarcoma Resection
Authors: Scheld Hans , Kessler Torsten , Sindermann Jürgen , Kösek Volkan , Tjan T. , Martens Sven , Hoffmeier Andreas , Kavakbasi Erhan
Published: June 2017

Background Primary malignant cardiac tumors rarely occur in clinical care. Little is known about the impact of a parameter on postoperative survival.

Methods From May 1991 to May 2014, a total of 24 patients underwent surgical treatment of a primary cardiac sarcoma in our center. We analyzed our clinical database retrospectively for information on patient characteristics and treatment data. The follow-up could be completed to 91.7%.

Results Angiosarcoma and non-otherwise-specified sarcoma were the most common tumor entities. R0 resection was achieved in most cases. Postoperative mortality within the first 30 days was 20.8% (n = 5). In four of these five cases, postoperative low-output cardiac failure was the leading cause of death. The cumulative survival rate was 77.3% after 30 days, 68.2% after 3 months, 50.0% after 6 months, 45.0% after 12 months, and 18.0% after 24 months. The mean survival time in the whole group was 47.0 months. A low tumor differentiation was associated with low mean survival, but this was not statistically significant. Mean survival of sarcoma was higher after R0 resection. There was no significant rate of survival difference regarding the adjuvant therapy concept.

Conclusion Extended surgery alone or in combination with chemo- and/or radiotherapy may be successful in certain cases and may offer a satisfactory quality of life. The establishment of a multicenter heart tumor register in Germany is necessary to increase the number of cases in studies, get more remarkable study results, and standardize the diagnosis and therapy.
Polysomnography Applied to Patients with Tinnitus: A Review
Authors: Teixeira Liane , Granjeiro Ronaldo , Oliveira Carlos , Bahamad Júnior Fayez
Published: June 2017

Introduction Tinnitus has been defined as an “auditory phantom perception,” meaning that tinnitus results from an abnormal activity within the nervous system, in the absence of any internal or external acoustic stimulation. About 10 to 15% of the adult population is affected by tinnitus, and a relevant percentage of tinnitus sufferers experience symptoms severe enough to significantly affect quality of life, including sleep disturbances, work impairment, and, in some cases, psychiatric distress. The self-rated complaints about tinnitus focus on emotional distress, auditory perceptual difficulties, and sleep disturbances.

Objectives To evaluate the works that show sleep disorders in patients with tinnitus, and sleep disorders assessed by polysomnography.

Data Synthesis We found four studies with polysomnography to assess sleep disorders in patients with tinnitus. The first study evaluated 80 patients who were military personnel without major psychiatric disturbances, and their tinnitus was associated with noise-induced permanent hearing. The second study was a prospective, case-control, nonrandomized study of 18 patients affected by chronic tinnitus who were compared with a homogeneous control group consisting of 15 healthy subjects. The last work evaluated questionnaires mailed to patients before their initial appointment at the Oregon Health Sciences University Tinnitus Clinic between 1994 and 1997. These questionnaires requested information pertaining to insomnia, tinnitus severity, and loudness. Follow-up questionnaires were mailed to 350 patients 1 to 4 years (mean 5 ± 2.3 years) after their initial appointment at the clinic.

Conclusion There are few studies with polysomnography for the evaluation of patients with sleep disorders caused by tinnitus. This shows the need for more studies on this subject.
Qualitative Determination of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in Vaginal Washings for the Early Diagnosis of Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes
Authors: Dartibale Camila Buziquia , Uchimura Nelson Shozo , Nery Luiz , Schumeish Angelita Polato , Uchimura Liza Yurie Teruya , Santana Rosangela Getirana , Uchimura Taqueco Teruya
Published: June 2017

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate and validate the qualitative human chorionic gonadotropin β subunit (β-hCG) test of the vaginal fluid washings of pregnant women with premature rupture of fetal membranes (PROM).

Methods Cross-sectional study of pregnant women between gestational weeks 24 and 39 who underwent consultations in one of our institutions. They were divided into two groups: group A (pregnant women clinically diagnosed with PROM) and group B (pregnant women without loss of amniotic liquid). The patients were subjected to a vaginal fluid washing with 3 mL of saline solution, which was aspirated subsequently with the same syringe. The solution was immediately sent to the laboratory to perform the vaginal β-hCG test with cut-off points of 10 mIU/mL (β-hCG-10) and/or 25 mIU/mL (β-hCG-25).

Results The β-hCG-10 test of the vaginal secretion was performed in 128 cases. The chi-squared test with Yates' correction showed a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (p = 0.0225). The sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy parameters were 77.1%, 43.6%, 52.3%; 70.4%; and 58.6% respectively. The β-hCG-25 test of the vaginal washing was performed in 49 cases. The analysis by Fisher's exact test showed a statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.0175). The sensibility, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy parameters were 44.4%, 87.1%, 66.6%; 72.9%; and 71.4% respectively.

Conclusions The β-hCG-25 test showed better accuracy for the diagnosis of PROM, and can corroborate the early diagnosis of PROM because it is a simple and quick exam.
Influence of rainfall on population dynamics and survival of a threatened rodent (Pseudomys novaehollandiae) under a drying climate in coastal woodlands of south-eastern Australia
Authors: Lock Mandy , Wilson Barbara A.
Published: June 2017

In Mediterranean systems, such as south-east Australia, predictions of climate change including lower rainfall and extended drought, threaten vulnerable mammal species. We investigated the relationship between rainfall and population dynamics for a native rodent at risk of extinction, the New Holland mouse (Pseudomys novaehollandiae). In the eastern Otways, the species was significantly influenced by rainfall, exhibiting a population irruption (15–20 individuals ha–1) following six years of above-average rainfall and a precipitous decline to site extinction during subsequent drought. The decline was predominantly related to loss of adults before and during breeding seasons, together with an apparent decrease in juvenile survival. Population abundance was positively correlated with a rainfall lag of 0–9 months. We propose that the response of this omnivore to high rainfall was mediated through increased productivity and that rainfall decline resulted in resource depletion and population decline. Under a drying climate the direct impacts of rainfall decline will continue. However management of other threats may increase the species’ resilience. Burning to provide optimal successional vegetation, protection of refugia, and predator control are priorities. However, burning should be avoided during drought, as the likelihood of local extinctions is substantial.
BioQueue: a novel pipeline framework to accelerate bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Yao Li , Wang Heming , Song Yuanyuan , Sui Guangchao
Published: June 2017

Motivation

With the rapid development of Next-Generation Sequencing, a large amount of data is now available for bioinformatics research. Meanwhile, the presence of many pipeline frameworks makes it possible to analyse these data. However, these tools concentrate mainly on their syntax and design paradigms, and dispatch jobs based on users’ experience about the resources needed by the execution of a certain step in a protocol. As a result, it is difficult for these tools to maximize the potential of computing resources, and avoid errors caused by overload, such as memory overflow.

Results

Here, we have developed BioQueue, a web-based framework that contains a checkpoint before each step to automatically estimate the system resources (CPU, memory and disk) needed by the step and then dispatch jobs accordingly. BioQueue possesses a shell command-like syntax instead of implementing a new script language, which means most biologists without computer programming background can access the efficient queue system with ease.

Availability and implementation

BioQueue is freely available at https://github.com/liyao001/BioQueue. The extensive documentation can be found at http://bioqueue.readthedocs.io.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Survival analysis of the association between antenatal care attendance and neonatal mortality in 57 low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Doku David T , Neupane Subas
Published: June 2017

Background

Neonatal mortality is unacceptably high in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In these countries, where access to emergency obstetric services is limited, antenatal care (ANC) utilization offers improved maternal health and birth outcomes. However, evidence for this is scanty and mixed. We explored the association between attendance for ANC and survival of neonates in 57 LMICs.

Methods

Employing standardized protocols to ensure comparison across countries, we used nationally representative cross-sectional data from 57 LMICs (N = 464 728) to investigate the association between ANC visits and neonatal mortality. Cox proportional hazards multivariable regression models and meta-regression analysis were used to analyse pooled data from the countries. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to describe the patterns of neonatal survival in each region.

Results

After adjusting for potential confounding factors, we found 55% lower risk of neonatal mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 0.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42–0.48] among women who met both WHO recommendations for ANC (first visit within the first trimester and at least four visits during pregnancy) in pooled analysis. Furthermore, meta-analysis of country-level risk shows 32% lower risk of neonatal mortality (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.61–0.75) among those who met at least one WHO recommendation. In addition, ANC attendance was associated with lower neonatal mortality in all the regions except in the Middle East and North Africa.

Conclusions

ANC attendance is protective against neonatal mortality in the LMICs studied, although differences exist across countries and regions. Increasing ANC visits, along with other known effective interventions, can improve neonatal survival in these countries.
Spontaneous Clearance of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Newsum Astrid M. , Schinkel Janke , van de Laar Thijs J. W. , van der Meer Jan T. M. , Prins Maria
Published: June 2017

We assessed spontaneous clearance in 27 human immunodeficiency virus–infected men who have sex with men (MSM) who seroconverted for hepatitis C virus (HCV). In contrast with a recent estimate of 45.8%, we found a spontaneous clearance rate of 11.1% (95% confidence interval = 2.4–29.2). This finding suggests that treatment deferral to await spontaneous clearance might not be justified for MSM with sexually acquired HCV.
Can HI 21-cm lines trace the missing baryons in the filamentary structures?
Authors: Horii Toshihiro , Asaba Shinsuke , Hasegawa Kenji , Tashiro Hiroyuki
Published: June 2017

A large fraction of baryons predicted from the standard cosmology is still missing observationally. Although previous numerical simulations have indicated that most of the missing baryons reside in large-scale filaments in the form of the warm–hot intergalactic medium (WHIM), it is generally very difficult to detect signatures from such a diffuse gas. In this work, we focus on the hyperfine transition of neutral hydrogen (HI), called the 21-cm line, as a tool to trace the WHIM. For the purpose, we first construct the map of the 21-cm signals by using the data provided by the state-of-the-art cosmological hydrodynamics simulation project, Illustris, in which detailed processes affecting the dynamical and thermal evolution of the WHIM are implemented. From a comparison of the constructed 21-cm signal map with the expected noise level of the Square Kilometre Array phase 1 mid-frequency instrument (SKA1-mid), we find that the 21-cm signals from the WHIM in the filamentary structures at redshifts z = 0.5–3 are too small to detect with the SKA1-mid. Our results suggest that a sensitivity about 10 times higher than the SKA1-mid is possibly enough to detect the WHIM at z = 0.5–3. However, we also show that the signals of the filamentary structures including the contribution from galaxies are detectable with the SKA1-mid if we assume the angular resolution of Δθ ≥ 10΄ and the observing time of tobs ≥ 100 hr.
DEXAMETHASONE INTRAVITREAL IMPLANT FOR THE TREATMENT OF RECALCITRANT MACULAR EDEMA AFTER RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT REPAIR
Authors: Thanos Aristomenis , Todorich Bozho , Yonekawa Yoshihiro , Papakostas Thanos D. , Khundkar Tahsin , Eliott Dean , Dass Ashvani B. , Williams George A. , Capone Antonio , Faia Lisa J. , Wolfe Jeremy D. , Hassan Tarek S. , Ruby Alan J.
Published: June 2017

Purpose:

To investigate the efficacy of the intravitreal dexamethasone implant as the treatment for recalcitrant macular edema after successful rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair.

Methods:

A retrospective review of the medical records was performed on 17 consecutive patients (17 eyes) with recalcitrant macular edema associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair who were treated with a single or multiple injections of an intravitreal dexamethasone 0.7-mg implant (Ozurdex; Allergan Inc) at two centers. Main outcomes of the study were change in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity, measurement of central foveal thickness, and macular cube volume as measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography and frequency of complications.

Results:

The mean age was 67 years (range, 51–78 years). All 17 patients received previous topical therapy and 12 of them had previous administration of intravitreal triamcinolone with persistence of macular edema. Baseline mean best-corrected visual acuity was 20/100 (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution 0.75; range, 0.18–1.3 ±0.37) in the affected eyes. There was a statistically significant improvement in best-corrected visual acuity at 1 month (P < 0.001) and 3 months (P = 0.01). Mean baseline central foveal thickness was 505 μm, and mean macular cube volume was 10.62 mm3. There was a statistically significant decrease in central foveal thickness and macular cube volume at 1 month (505–290 μm, P = 0.013 and 10.62–9.13 mm3, P < 0.0001) and 3 months (P = 0.01). All patients developed recurrence of macular edema at 3 months, which required retreatment. The average number of implants was 4 (range, 1–14). No adverse effects such as retinal detachment or endophthalmitis occurred. Two patients experienced an increase in intraocular pressure that was controlled with topical therapy.

Conclusion:

Macular edema that occurs in eyes after successful repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment can be chronic and recalcitrant, and may be successfully and safely treated with the dexamethasone intravitreal implant.
Efficacy of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Sexually Transmitted Infection Trial on Condom Use Among Heterosexual Men Patronizing Entertainment Establishments Who Engaged in Casual or Paid Sex in Singapore
Authors: Lim Raymond Boon Tar , Tham Dede Kam Tyng , Tai Bee Choo , Adaikan P Ganesan , Wong Mee Lian
Published: June 2017

Background

We assessed the efficacy of a multi-component sexual health promotion program on condom use and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing among heterosexual men (HSM) patronizing entertainment establishments who engaged in casual or paid sex in Singapore.

Methods

This was a quasi-experimental trial with a comparison group using cross-sectional surveys at baseline and 6 months postintervention. A locality patronized by local HSM was assigned the intervention, a comparable and distant area served as the comparison site. Using time location sampling, cross-sectional samples of these men were assessed on sexual behaviors using an anonymous questionnaire at baseline (n = 604) and 6 months postintervention (n = 360) in both groups. The coprimary outcomes were condom use at last vaginal and oral sex with casual partner respectively. Mixed effects Poisson regression model accounting for clustering by establishment was used to compute the adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) of the outcomes postintervention.

Results

At postintervention, the intervention group was more likely than the comparison group to report condom use at last vaginal (aPR, 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.89) and oral (aPR, 1.70; 95% CI. 1.11–2.61) sex, respectively, with casual partner. Similar findings were found for consistent condom use in the last 6 months for vaginal (aPR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.13–2.48) and oral (aPR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.16–3.32) sex, respectively, with casual partner. The HIV/STI testing was not significantly higher in the intervention than the comparison group (aPR, 1.43; 95% CI, 0.98–2.09).

Conclusions

This trial was effective in promoting condom use with casual partners but not HIV/STI testing among HSM in Singapore.
Using Reported Rates of Sexually Transmitted Diseases to Illustrate Potential Methodological Issues in the Measurement of Racial and Ethnic Disparities
Authors: Chesson Harrell W. , Patel Chirag G. , Gift Thomas L. , Bernstein Kyle T. , Aral Sevgi O.
Published: June 2017

Background

Racial disparities in the burden of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have been documented and described for decades. Similarly, methodological issues and limitations in the use of disparity measures to quantify disparities in health have also been well documented. The purpose of this study was to use historic STD surveillance data to illustrate four of the most well-known methodological issues associated with the use of disparity measures.

Methods

We manually searched STD surveillance reports to find examples of racial/ethnic distributions of reported STDs that illustrate key methodological issues in the use of disparity measures. The disparity measures we calculated included the black-white rate ratio, the Index of Disparity (weighted and unweighted by subgroup population), and the Gini coefficient.

Results

The 4 examples we developed included illustrations of potential differences in relative and absolute disparity measures, potential differences in weighted and nonweighted disparity measures, the importance of the reference point when calculating disparities, and differences in disparity measures in the assessment of trends in disparities over time. For example, the gonorrhea rate increased for all minority groups (relative to whites) from 1992 to 1993, yet the Index of Disparity suggested that racial/ethnic disparities had decreased.

Conclusions

Although imperfect, disparity measures can be useful to quantify racial/ethnic disparities in STDs, to assess trends in these disparities, and to inform interventions to reduce these disparities. Our study uses reported STD rates to illustrate potential methodological issues with these disparity measures and highlights key considerations when selecting disparity measures for quantifying disparities in STDs.
Wisdom of the Crowds: Crowd-Based Development of a Logo for a Conference Using a Crowdsourcing Contest
Authors: Ong Jason J. , Bilardi Jade E. , Tucker Joseph D.
Published: June 2017

Background

Crowdsourcing methods have been widely used in business, but rarely in sexual health research. We evaluated a crowdsourced logo contest as part of an international human immunodeficiency virus conference.

Methods

A logo crowdsourcing contest was conducted for the 20th International Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Conference. Crowdsourcing has a group of individuals solve a task, often as part of an open contest. Semistructured interviews were conducted with key informants including contest organizers, contest contributors, and conference attendees. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using a content analysis approach.

Results

In total, 22 interviews were conducted with 3 contest organizers, 7 contest contributors, and 12 conference attendees. All individuals reported that the crowdsourced logo provided benefits beyond branding the conference, including creating a shared sense of purpose among diverse conference participants and explicitly demonstrating the strong community orientation of the conference. Conference organizers and attendees all reported deeper engagement because of the story of the Tanzanian artist who won the contest. Most conference attendees (11/12) preferred the crowdsourced logo compared with the previous company-organized logo, and all (22/22) supported the logo contest continuing. Implementing a logo contest was simple and relatively inexpensive. Stakeholders identified several ways to enhance crowdsourcing logo contest methods including wider promotion of the contest to encourage broader participation, greater transparency in the selection process, and a different prize structure which acknowledges the contribution of more contestants.

Conclusions

We found that a crowdsourcing contest helped engage local and global communities in the lead-up before and during an international conference. Similar participatory events may be useful for sexual health conferences and research projects.