bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Underreporting of Energy Intake Increases over Pregnancy: An Intensive Longitudinal Study of Women with Overweight and Obesity
Authors: McNitt Katherine M. , Hohman Emily E. , Rivera Daniel E. , Guo Penghong , Pauley Abigail M. , Gernand Alison D. , Symons Downs Danielle , Savage Jennifer S.
Published: June 2022

(1) Background: Energy intake (EI) underreporting is a widespread problem of great relevance to public health, yet is poorly described among pregnant women. This study aimed to describe and predict error in self-reported EI across pregnancy among women with overweight or obesity. (2) Methods: Participants were from the Healthy Mom Zone study, an adaptive intervention to regulate gestational weight gain (GWG) tested in a feasibility RCT and followed women (n = 21) with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 from 8–12 weeks to ~36 weeks gestation. Mobile health technology was used to measure daily weight (Wi-Fi Smart Scale), physical activity (activity monitor), and self-reported EI (MyFitnessPal App). Estimated EI was back-calculated daily from measured weight and physical activity data. Associations between underreporting and gestational age, demographics, pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG, perceived stress, and eating behaviors were tested. (3) Results: On average, women were 30.7 years old and primiparous (62%); reporting error was −38% ± 26 (range: −134% (underreporting) to 97% (overreporting)), representing an ~1134 kcal daily underestimation of EI (1404 observations). Estimated (back-calculated), but not self-reported, EI increased across gestation (p < 0.0001). Higher pre-pregnancy BMI (p = 0.01) and weekly GWG (p = 0.0007) was associated with greater underreporting. Underreporting was lower when participants reported higher stress (p = 0.02) and emotional eating (p < 0.0001) compared with their own average. (4) Conclusions: These findings suggest systemic underreporting in pregnant women with elevated BMI using a popular mobile app to monitor diet. Advances in technology that allow estimation of EI from weight and physical activity data may provide more accurate dietary self-monitoring during pregnancy.
Nobiletin Inhibits Hypoxia-Induced Placental Damage via Modulating P53 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhang Meng-Ling , Yang Qian , Zhu Yan-Di , Zhang Ya-Di , Zhang Rui , Liu Jian , Zhao Xiao-Yan , Dang Qin-Yu , Huang Dong-Xu , Zhang Ming-Yuan , Wei Yu-Chen , Hu Zhuo , Cai Xia-Xia , Gao Li-Fang , Shan Yang , Yu Huan-Ling
Published: June 2022

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of Nobiletin (NOB) on the placenta of Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats that had undergone reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) surgery and to evaluate the safety of NOB intervention during pregnancy. The results showed that NOB alleviated placental hypoxia, attenuated placental cell apoptosis, and inhibited placental damage in RUPP rats. No side effect of NOB intervention during pregnancy was observed. BeWo cell lines with P53 knockdown were then constructed using lentiviral transfection, and the P53 signaling pathway was found to be essential for NOB to reduce hypoxia-induced apoptosis of the BeWo cell lines. In summary, NOB attenuated hypoxia-induced placental damage by regulating the P53 signaling pathway, and those findings may contribute some insights into the role of NOB in placental development and the prevention of placental-related diseases.
A More Biomimetic Cell Migration Assay with High Reliability and Its Applications
Authors: Yin Di , Zhang Hongbo , Yang Chun , Zhang Wenjun , Yang Shihmo
Published: June 2022

Cell migration refers to the directional movement of cells to the surrounding cell-free zone in response to chemical and mechanical stimuli. A cell migration assay is an essential device for studying pharmaceutical and medical problems. In this paper, we present a novel approach to a cell migration assay on a chip with two merits, namely (i) simultaneous creation of many cell samples on the same condition and (ii) cells migrating while being stressed in a fluidic environment. The first merit has addressed the problem of poor reproducibility in experimental studies for medical problems such as wound healing, and the second merit has made the cell migration device, which is an in vitro environment, more biomimetic. The two merits are attributed to a novel mechanical method to simultaneously create many cell-free zones and to the design of a microfluidic process to create shear stress in cells uniformly. Two applications were studied on our device to explore its effectiveness. The first application is regarding the combination chemotherapy of cisplatin and doxorubicin (Adriamycin) on cervical cancer cells (HeLa). The second application is regarding inhibiting the migration of endothelial cells (HUVEC) in the process of anti-angiogenesis.
In-Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Curcumin-Loaded Nanofibers Based on Hyaluronic Acid against Multidrug-Resistant ESKAPE Pathogens
Authors: Snetkov Petr , Rogacheva Elizaveta , Kremleva Arina , Morozkina Svetlana , Uspenskaya Mayya , Kraeva Liudmila
Published: June 2022

Bacterial infections have accompanied humanity throughout its history and became vitally important in the pandemic area. The most pathogenic bacteria are multidrug-resistant strains, which have become widespread due to their natural biological response to the use of antibiotics, including uncontrolled use. The current challenge is finding highly effective antibacterial agents of natural origin, which, however, have low solubility and consequently poor bioavailability. Curcumin, derived from Curcuma longa, is an example of a natural biologically active agent with a wide spectrum of biological effects, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria. However, curcumin exhibits extremely low antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Curcumin’s hydrophobicity limits its use in medicine. As such, various polymeric systems have been used, especially biopolymer-based electrospun nanofibers. In the present study, the technological features of the fabrication of curcumin-loaded hyaluronic acid-based nanofibers are discussed in detail, their morphological characteristics, wettability, physico-chemical properties, and curcumin release profiles are demonstrated, and their antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) are evaluated. It is noteworthy that the fibers containing a stable HA–curcumin complex showed high antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which is an undeniable advantage. It is expected that the results of this work will contribute to the development of antibacterial drugs for topical and internal use with high efficacy and considerably lower side effects.
Implementation of QbD Approach to the Analytical Method Development and Validation for the Estimation of Metformin Hydrochloride in Tablet Dosage Forms by HPLC
Authors: Sha’at Mousa , Spac Adrian Florin , Stoleriu Iulian , Bujor Alexandra , Cretan Monica Stamate , Hartan Mihaela , Ochiuz Lacramioara
Published: June 2022

The current studies entail quality by design (QbD)-enabled development of a simple, rapid, precise, accurate, and cost-effective high-performance liquid chromatographic method for estimation of metformin hydrochloride (M-HCl). Design of experiments (DoE) was applied for multivariate optimization of the experimental conditions of the HPLC method. Risk assessment was performed to identify the critical method parameters (CMPs) using Ishikawa diagram. The factor screening studies were performed using a two-factor three-levels design. Two independent factors, buffer pH and mobile phase composition, were used to design mathematical models. Central composite design (CCD) was used to study the response surface methodology and to study in depth the effects of these independent factors, thus evaluating the critical analytical attributes (CAAs), namely, retention time, peak area, and symmetry factor as the parameters of method robustness. Desirability function was used to simultaneously optimize the CAAs. The optimized and predicted data from contour diagram consisted of 0.02 M acetate buffer pH = 3/methanol in a ratio of 70/30 (v/v) as the mobile phase with a flow rate 1 mL/min. The separation was made on a Thermoscientific ODS HypersylTM chromatographic column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with oven temperature 35 °C and UV detection at 235 nm. The optimized assay conditions were validated according to ICH guidelines. Hence, the results clearly showed that QbD approach could be successfully applied to optimize HPLC method for estimation of M-HCl. The method was applied both for the evaluation of M-HCl content in tablets, and for in vitro dissolution studies of M-HCl from conventional and prolonged-release tablets.
Effects of Drug Physicochemical Properties on In-Situ Forming Implant Polymer Degradation and Drug Release Kinetics
Authors: Joiner Jordan B. , Prasher Alka , Young Isabella C. , Kim Jessie , Shrivastava Roopali , Maturavongsadit Panita , Benhabbour Soumya Rahima
Published: June 2022

In-situ forming implants (ISFIs) represent a simple, tunable, and biodegradable polymer-based platform for long-acting drug delivery. However, drugs with different physicochemical properties and physical states in the polymer-solvent system exhibit different drug release kinetics. Although a few limited studies have been performed attempting to elucidate these effects, a large, systematic study has not been performed until now. The purpose of this study was to characterize the in vitro drug release of 12 different small molecule drugs with differing logP and pKa values from ISFIs. Drug release was compared with polymer degradation as measured by lactic acid (LA) release and change in poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) molecular weight (MW) measured by size exclusion chromatography with multi-angle laser light scattering (SEC-MALS). Drug physical state and morphology were also measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Together, these results demonstrated that hydrophilic drugs have higher burst release at 24 h (22.8–68.4%) and complete drug release within 60 days, while hydrophobic drugs have lower burst release at 24 h (1.8–18.9%) and can sustain drug release over 60–285 days. Overall, drug logP and drug physical state in the polymer–solvent system are the most important factors when predicting the drug release rate in an ISFI for small-molecule drugs. Hydrophilic drugs exhibit high initial burst and less sustained release due to their miscibility with the aqueous phase, while hydrophobic drugs have lower initial burst and more sustained release due to their affinity for the hydrophobic PLGA. Additionally, while hydrophilic drugs seem to accelerate the degradation of PLGA, hydrophobic drugs on the other hand seem to slow down the PLGA degradation process compared with placebo ISFIs. Furthermore, drugs that were in a crystalline state within the ISFI drugs exhibited more sustained release compared with amorphous drugs.
Pharmacogenetics and Pain Treatment with a Focus on Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and Antidepressants: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zobdeh Farzin , Eremenko Ivan I. , Akan Mikail A. , Tarasov Vadim V. , Chubarev Vladimir N. , Schiöth Helgi B. , Mwinyi Jessica
Published: June 2022

Background: This systematic review summarizes the impact of pharmacogenetics on the effect and safety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antidepressants when used for pain treatment. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines regarding the human in vivo efficacy and safety of NSAIDs and antidepressants in pain treatment that take pharmacogenetic parameters into consideration. Studies were collected from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to the cutoff date 18 October 2021. Results: Twenty-five articles out of the 6547 initially detected publications were identified. Relevant medication–gene interactions were noted for drug safety. Interactions important for pain management were detected for (1) ibuprofen/CYP2C9; (2) celecoxib/CYP2C9; (3) piroxicam/CYP2C8, CYP2C9; (4) diclofenac/CYP2C9, UGT2B7, CYP2C8, ABCC2; (5) meloxicam/CYP2C9; (6) aspirin/CYP2C9, SLCO1B1, and CHST2; (7) amitriptyline/CYP2D6 and CYP2C19; (8) imipramine/CYP2C19; (9) nortriptyline/CYP2C19, CYP2D6, ABCB1; and (10) escitalopram/HTR2C, CYP2C19, and CYP1A2. Conclusions: Overall, a lack of well powered human in vivo studies assessing the pharmacogenetics in pain patients treated with NSAIDs or antidepressants is noted. Studies indicate a higher risk for partly severe side effects for the CYP2C9 poor metabolizers and NSAIDs. Further in vivo studies are needed to consolidate the relevant polymorphisms in NSAID safety as well as in the efficacy of NSAIDs and antidepressants in pain management.
Agronomic, Genetic and Quantitative Trait Characterization of Nightshade Accessions
Authors: Mabuza Ntombifuthi Msewu , Mavengahama Sydney , Mokolobate Motlogeloa
Published: June 2022

Nightshades are among many underutilized and neglected African indigenous leafy vegetable (AILVs) species, and if adequately exploited, they could improve food, nutrition and income among the rural population. Morphological characterization of available accessions is key for the breeder to identify and select superior accessions as parents for utilization in breeding programs. Fifteen accessions of nightshade were evaluated for morpho-agronomic variation in an open field trial implemented in a randomized complete block design with three replicates across the two growing seasons. The accessions exhibited significant (p < 0.0001) differences in all quantitative traits. The data analysis showed that Scabrum (805.30 g/plant) followed by Ncampus (718.60 g/plant) produced the highest fresh leaf yield; for fruit fresh yield, the accession NigSN18 (1782.00 g/plant) recorded the highest, followed by ManTown (1507.90 g/plant). The accession N5547 had the tallest plants (66.83 cm), followed by accession Timbali (62.31 cm). The first four principal components (PCs) accounted for 86.82% of the total variation, which had an eigenvalue greater than 1. The cluster analysis grouped the accessions into 14 clusters based on their genetic similarity. Results of genetic studies revealed that phenotypic coefficient variation was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation for all parameters evaluated, indicating the environmental influence on the expression of these traits. Both GCV and PCV were higher for the largest leaf area, moderate to high for the remaining characters and low for leaf fresh yield per plant. High heritability coupled with genetic advance as a mean percentage (H2-70.59%, GAM-142.4%), indicating the presence of additive gene effects. Hence, selection can be employed for the improvement of this trait in nightshades. The study revealed sufficient genetic variability in the nightshade accessions, which can be exploited for crop improvement.
Determination of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Activity, Heavy Metals and Elements Content of Seaweed Extracts
Authors: Čmiková Natália , Galovičová Lucia , Miškeje Michal , Borotová Petra , Kluz Maciej , Kačániová Miroslava
Published: June 2022

The aim of the research was to determine the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, determination of chemical elements and heavy metals in seaweed extracts of wakame, arame, dulse, laminaria, kombu, and hijiki. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH method and the activity ranged from 0.00 to 2641.34 TEAC. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in kombu (2641.34 TEAC) and arame (2457.5 TEAC). Antimicrobial activity was analyzed by disk diffusion method and MIC method. Three G+ bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis), three G- bacteria (Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Yersinia enterocolitica), and four yeasts (Candida tropicalis, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. albicans) were used as model organisms. The size of inhibition zones ranged from 0.00 to 8.67 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the selected seaweeds ranged from MIC50 98.46 (MIC90 100.25) to MIC50 3.43 µL/mL (MIC90 5.26 µL/mL). The content of selected elements was determined in seaweed samples by ICP-OES. The chemical composition of the algae showed differences between species and the presence of heavy metals. Arsenic, cadmium, and aluminum were confirmed. All seaweed samples contained arsenic ranging from 6.6546 to 76.48 mg/kg. Further investigation of seaweeds is needed to identify the active substances present in the algae that are responsible for antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. This study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of extracts from five commonly consumed seaweeds for their ability to inhibit selected microorganisms and to determine the health risk due to heavy metals content. Our study contributes to the evidence that seaweeds have antimicrobial and antioxidant activity and seaweed extracts have for pharmacological applications.
A Review on Antibacterial Biomaterials in Biomedical Applications: From Materials Perspective to Bioinks Design
Authors: Pahlevanzadeh Farnoosh , Setayeshmehr Mohsen , Bakhsheshi-Rad Hamid Reza , Emadi Rahmatollah , Kharaziha Mahshid , Poursamar S. Ali , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Sharif Safian , Chen Xiongbiao , Berto Filippo
Published: June 2022

In tissue engineering, three-dimensional (3D) printing is an emerging approach to producing functioning tissue constructs to repair wounds and repair or replace sick tissue/organs. It allows for precise control of materials and other components in the tissue constructs in an automated way, potentially permitting great throughput production. An ink made using one or multiple biomaterials can be 3D printed into tissue constructs by the printing process; though promising in tissue engineering, the printed constructs have also been reported to have the ability to lead to the emergence of unforeseen illnesses and failure due to biomaterial-related infections. Numerous approaches and/or strategies have been developed to combat biomaterial-related infections, and among them, natural biomaterials, surface treatment of biomaterials, and incorporating inorganic agents have been widely employed for the construct fabrication by 3D printing. Despite various attempts to synthesize and/or optimize the inks for 3D printing, the incidence of infection in the implanted tissue constructs remains one of the most significant issues. For the first time, here we present an overview of inks with antibacterial properties for 3D printing, focusing on the principles and strategies to accomplish biomaterials with anti-infective properties, and the synthesis of metallic ion-containing ink, chitosan-containing inks, and other antibacterial inks. Related discussions regarding the mechanics of biofilm formation and antibacterial performance are also presented, along with future perspectives of the importance of developing printable inks.
Polymeric Micelles Enhance Mucosal Contact Time and Deposition of Fluocinolone Acetonide
Authors: Limsitthichaikoon Sucharat , Soontaranon Siriwat , Hanpramukkun Nuntachai , Thumanu Kanjana , Priprem Aroonsri
Published: June 2022

This study used polymeric micelles to improve quality by increasing drug solubility, extending mucosal drug retention time, enhancing mucoadhesiveness, and promoting drug permeation and deposition. Fluocinolone acetonide (FA) was loaded into polymeric micelles (FPM), which were composed of poloxamer 407 (P407), sodium polyacrylate (SPA), and polyethylene glycol 400, and their physicochemical properties were examined. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) revealed a hexagonal micellar structure at all temperatures, and the concentrations of P407 and SPA were shown to significantly affect the solubility, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation of FPMs. The proportion of P407 to PEG at a ratio of 7.5:15 with or without 0.1% w/v of SPA provided suitable FPM formulations. Moreover, the characteristics of FPMs revealed crystalline states inside the micelles, which was consistent with the morphology and nano-hexagonal structure. The results of ex vivo experiments using focal plane array (FPA)-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) imaging showed that the FPM with SPA penetrated quickly through the epithelium, lamina propria, and submucosa, and remained in all layers from 5–30 min following administration. In contrast, the FPM without SPA penetrated and passed through all layers. The FPM with extended mucoadhesion, improved drug–mucosal retention time, and increased FA permeation and deposition were successfully developed, and could be a promising innovation for increasing the efficiency of mouth rinses, as well as other topical pharmaceutical and dental applications.
Effect of Different Pre-Treatment on the Microstructure and Intumescent Properties of Rice Husk Ash-Based Geopolymer Hybrid Coating
Authors: Abdullah Mohd Na’im , Mustapha Faizal , Ahmad Kamarul Arifin , Mustapha Mazli , Khan Tabrej , Singh Balbir , Sebaey Tamer A.
Published: June 2022

Despite the growing popularity of rice husk ash (RHA) in various applications, limited research has been devoted to identify the influence of silica content in RHA on the intumescent properties. The present work aims to introduce a novel and economical geopolymer hybrid fire retardant coating by utilizing the use of RHA. The silica from Rice husk (RH) was extracted using distilled water and hydrochloric acid as leaching agents and subjected to pyrolysis treatment. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis indicated that RH that underwent HCl pre-treatment at 600 °C for one hour produced a high purity amorphous silica content of 93.92%. XRD measurements revealed that HCl pretreatment increased the crystallization temperature of RHA to 1000 °C and retained the amorphous state of silica for 2 h. In a fire resistance test, temperature at the equilibrium and time taken to reach 200 °C for sample S3 (93.92% wt. silica) showed 5.83% and 3.48% improvement compared to sample S1 (87.49% wt. silica). The microstructure analysis showed that sample S1 possessed bigger pores on the coating surface while an increment in silica content in sample S3 produced a dense foam structure. Results from a fire resistance test were supported by the Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis of the sample. The oxygen-to-carbon ratio of S1 and S3 coating samples were 1.695 and 1.622 respectively, which indicated that lower oxygen–to-carbon ratio in sample S3 coating resulted in better anti-oxidant properties. Interestingly, the increment of SiO2 content in RHA efficiently improved the compactness of the char layer, which resulted in a relatively higher fire-retardant efficiency. RHA proved to be a promising environmentally friendly strategy to replace halogenated fire retardant materials.
Monitoring the Invasive Plant Spartina alterniflora in Jiangsu Coastal Wetland Using MRCNN and Long-Time Series Landsat Data
Authors: Zhu Wenqing , Ren Guangbo , Wang Jianping , Wang Jianbu , Hu Yabin , Lin Zhaoyang , Li Wei , Zhao Yajie , Li Shibao , Wang Ning
Published: June 2022

Jiangsu coastal wetland has the largest area of the invasive plant, Spartina alterniflora (S. alterniflora), in China. S. alterniflora has been present in the wetland for nearly 40 years and poses a substantial threat to the safety of coastal wetland ecosystems. There is an urgent need to control the distribution of S. alterniflora. The biological characteristics of the invasion process of S. alterniflora contribute to its multi-scale distribution. However, the current classification methods do not deal successfully with multi-scale problems, and it is also difficult to perform high-precision land cover classification on multi-temporal remote sensing images. In this study, based on Landsat data from 1990 to 2020, a new deep learning multi-scale residual convolutional neural network (MRCNN) model was developed to identify S. alterniflora. In this method, features at different scales are extracted and concatenated to obtain multi-scale information, and residual connections are introduced to ensure gradient propagation. A multi-year data unified training method was adopted to improve the temporal scalability of the MRCNN. The MRCNN model was able to identify the annual S. alterniflora distribution more accurately, overcame the disadvantage that traditional CNNs can only extract feature information at a single scale, and offered significant advantages in spatial characterization. A thematic map of S. alterniflora distribution was obtained. Since it was introduced in 1982, the distribution of S. alterniflora has expanded to approximately 17,400 ha. In Jiangsu, the expansion process of S. alterniflora over time was divided into three stages: the growth period (1982–1994), the outbreak period (1995–2004), and the plateau period (2005–2020). The spatial expansion direction was mainly parallel and perpendicular to the coastline. The hydrodynamic conditions and tidal flat environment on the coast of Jiangsu Province are suitable for the growth of S. alterniflora. Reclamation of tidal flats is the main factor affecting the expansion of S. alterniflora.
PENGARUH EDUKASI TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS KONSUMSI TABLET FE DAN KADAR HB PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Ekayanthi Ni Wayan Dian , Purnamasari Gilang
Published: June 2022

Anemia mempunyai efek negatif terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin. Anemia dapat menyebabkan penyulit dalam kehamilan, persalinan, bahkan kematian ibu dan anak. Konsumsi tablet Fe memberikan efek positif terhadap peningkatan kadar hemoglobin. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh edukasi terhadap efektivitas konsumsi tablet Fe dan kadar Hb pada ibu hamil. Metode yang digunakan quasi eksperimental, rancangan non-equivalent-control group design. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 22 orang kelompok intervensi dan 22 orang kelompok kontrol. Analisis data dengan Mc.Nemar, Mann Whitney, Wilcoxon dan t test. Hasil: ada perbedaan yang bermakna pengetahuan subjek penelitian sebelum dan setelah intervensi pada kelompok intervensi, namun pada kelompok kontrol sebaliknya, ada perbedaan yang bermakna pengetahuan pada kelompok intervensi dengan kelompok kontrol setelah intervensi, ada perbedaan bermakna kepatuhan minum tablet besi antara kelompok intervensi dengan kelompok kontrol, terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar hb sebelum dan setelah intervensi, baik pada kelompok intervensi maupun kelompok kontrol, terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada kadar hb ibu hamil kelompok intervensi dengan kontrol. Kesimpulan: terdapat pengaruh edukasi terhadap kepatuhan minum tablet besi dan peningkatan kadar Hb ibu hamil.
Observação de aves nas áreas protegidas do Amazonas
Authors: Omena Junior Reynier , Simonetti Susy Rodrigues , Cohn-Haft Mario
Published: June 2022

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar áreas protegidas no estado do Amazonas, no Brasil, que são visitadas com fim de observação de aves, como também analisar a diversidade da avifauna e os serviços ofertados por populações residentes nas áreas protegidas. O estudo foi realizado com a aplicação de formulários on-line destinados aos 13 gestores destas áreas, como também, pesquisas na internet por roteiros e destinos no Amazonas, ofertados por operadores nacionais e internacionais. A análise dos dados foi feita por meio de estatística descritiva. Como resultados foram identificadas 14 áreas protegidas no Amazonas que são visitadas por avituristas, todas possuem listas de aves no eBird, com alta diversidade. As áreas mais diversas e com listas publicadas são: Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas, Museu da Amazônia (MUSA), Reserva Adolpho Ducke, Reserva do 41, Reserva da ZF-2 e a Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá. Comunidades locais disponibilizam serviços de condução nas trilhas, gastronomia, venda de artesanato e passeios de canoa. Mas elas também poderiam ofertar hospedagem, alimentação e outros serviços, gerando renda e sustentabilidade para a atividade turística.
A raridade no contexto da observação de aves: o caso da ararinha-azul (Cyanopsitta spixii) e os desafios futuros
Authors: Corbari Sandra Dalila
Published: June 2022

Birdwatching, ou observação de aves, é uma atividade que une lazer e ciência cidadã.            A prática contribui positivamente nas regiões de destino dos viajantes, mas também em seus locais de origem, gerando impactos sociais, econômicos e ambientais positivos. Não obstante, também pode gerar impactos diretos e indiretos negativos, relacionados à degradação do habitat e perturbação das aves, podendo levar à alteração de comportamentos, diminuição da população ou extinção de espécies. No caso de aves raras, as interferências antrópicas podem ser ainda mais danosas.             Nesse contexto, o presente estudo tem como recorte analítico o caso da espécie ararinha-azul (Cyanopsitta spixii), originária do nordeste do estado da Bahia (Brasil). Essa espécie, considerada extinta na natureza, é objeto de um projeto de conservação que visa sua reintrodução na natureza em 2024. Frente a esse contexto, o presente artigo foi elaborado tendo como problema central de pesquisa o seguinte questionamento: Quais desafios futuros poderão se apresentar frente à atratividade das ararinhas-azuis que serão reintroduzidas na natureza no contexto do turismo de observação de aves? O objetivo geral foi discorrer e refletir sobre os desafios futuros em relação ao turismo de observação de aves e seus impactos na população de ararinhas-azuis a serem reintroduzidas na natureza. Esse artigo tem um caráter analítico com base em dados secundários (páginas da internet, livros, artigos científicos e documentos), tanto em relação ao objeto de estudo quanto no embasamento teórico para a análise. Com a pesquisa, verificou-se que a observação de aves, enquanto atividade sistemática, pode gerar impactos negativos no habitat e nas populações animais e isso tem potencial de se agravar em caso de espécies raras. Desse modo, as instituições envolvidas no projeto de conservação da ararinha-azul devem inserir em sua agenda de debates e ações futuras, a estruturação e gestão da observação dessas aves, a fim de garantir a integridade das ações de conservação e o bem-estar das aves.
Análise histórica da Educação Ambiental da rede pública municipal de ensino do Rio de Janeiro: reflexões sobre o trabalho transversal e interdisciplinar
Authors: Muniz Adriane Catunda Timbó , Bueno Cecília , Andrade Daniel Fonseca de
Published: June 2022

A gravidade da crise ambiental global vem se mostrando em escala crescente. Assim, a Educação Ambiental (EA) se apresenta de forma relevante na formação do sujeito ecológico. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar elementos da história da EA da Rede Pública do Município do Rio de Janeiro que contribuíram para um trabalho transversal e interdisciplinar. A metodologia de pesquisa é constituída de revisão bibliográfica e um levantamento histórico sobre a EA desenvolvida na Secretaria Municipal de Educação, por meio de análise de documentos, entrevista semiestruturada e um questionário semiaberto aos docentes. Foram encontrados elementos que colaboraram para a construção de projetos nas escolas de forma transversal e interdisciplinar.
Desafios da sustentabilidade: percepção e participação da comunidade escolar
Authors: Stora Fernando , Doliveira Sérgio Luis Dias , Gonzaga Carlos Alberto Marçal , Massuga Flavia
Published: June 2022

Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar a percepção e participação das comunidades escolares frente aos desafios da sustentabilidade. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em 17 colégios do município de Guarapuava (PR_. O questionário online obteve 353 respostas de professores e funcionários. Diretores de 17 colégios responderam a entrevistas semiestruturadas. Identificou-se que a participação das comunidades escolares ocorre de forma passiva. As características socioeconômicas e culturais de cada localidade, influenciam no modo em que a participação ocorre. Práticas identificadas são geralmente constituídas na Educação Ambiental, sendo necessário contextualizar o termo de modo aliado à comunidade escolar.
Educação Ambiental não formal: A utilização de mídias sociais como forma de disseminação de tecnologias Socioambientais.
Authors: Silva Gheizon Raunny , Silva Maria Cristina Basilio Crispim da , Melo Gabrielle Moraes de
Published: June 2022

A Educação Ambiental (EA) apesar de relevante pela necessidade de diminuição de impactos humanos ao ambiente, ainda é pouco aplicada e de forma pontual e por iniciativa dos próprios professores nas escolas. No entanto, a EA não formal também deverá ser cada vez mais fomentada. Baseado nisso, esta pesquisa apresenta um exemplo exitoso de EA não formal, realizado por um projeto de extensão da UFPB, que devido ao isolamento social, tomou proporções não imaginadas e passou a atingir um público nacional ao invés de apenas local. Com a criação de um Instagram, Facebook e Youtube, tecnologias socioambientais, neste caso, fossas ecológicas, foram disseminadas e orientadas na construção em diversas partes do país, com sucesso. Até o momento (19/01/2022) o Instagram que é nossa rede mais popular, é seguido por 887 usuários, demonstrando a importância que as redes sociais podem ter para a disseminação da EA.
Trabalho educativo na gestão dos recursos florestais e faunísticos no distrito de Mabote em Moçambique
Authors: Macorreia Munossiua Efremo , Mapatse Maria Veronica , Mahumane Americo
Published: June 2022

Moçambique, é um País que ainda possui recursos naturais virgens para as comunidades rurais. A exploração ilegal florestal para o aproveitamento da madeira, a caça furtiva para o consumo familiar, as queimadas descontroladas e agricultura itinerante, são apontadas como os principais fatores que ameaçam a extinção e o desenvolvimento dos recursos naturais. A situação torna-se mais complicada, porque os mesmos recursos são explorados sem beneficiar as comunidades locais. O governo, têm realizado alguns esforços a nível local para reconhecer a importância florestal e faunísco, promovendo a sua gestão sustentável. Assim, este estudo tem como objetivo: fazer das comunidades locais autores mais dinâmicos participativos na gestão e controlo dos recursos florestais e faunísticos no processo de desenvolvimento rural local, partindo do reconhecimento e formalização cadastral dos seus direitos, e a seguir, lhes oferecendo uma série de opções para realizar os seus próprios projetos de exploração dos recursos naturais, melhorando as suas condições de vida. Tomou-se como base a pesquisa exploratória, descritiva de natureza qualitativa/quantitativa, aliado à técnica da pesquisa bibliográfica. Os resultados demonstraram que apesar de existirem o interesse de criar uma consciência de valorização e reconhecimento dos direitos das comunidades locais para uma boa gestão através de um Trabalho Educativo, há ainda algumas lacunas na partilha de benefícios, como imperativos para o sucesso no combate à pobreza.
Conservação da fauna na Educação Básica: investigação sobre as contribuições dos espaços formais e não-formais de ensino
Authors: Nievas Ana Maria , Souto Andréa Ferreira , Pereira Cláudio Alves
Published: June 2022

A conservação da fauna relaciona-se à saúde dos ecossistemas, tornando-se um tema relevante da Educação Ambiental. Investigamos como espaços formais e não formais têm contribuído para este tema, na Educação Básica. Analisamos trabalhos publicados em 22 edições de congressos científicos, de âmbito nacional e internacional. Foi observado que as práticas educativas têm acontecido, em maioria, no espaço formal (62,11%), com alunos do ensino fundamental (46,32%), vinculados a escolas públicas (63,13%). Observamos a prevalência de uma abordagem mais zoológica, científica, em detrimento de uma abordagem holística. Sugerimos a necessidade de alcançar igualmente todos os níveis de ensino, além de uma abordagem socioambiental e crítica.
Desafios da Educação Ambiental no Ensino Superior Amazônico
Authors: Viana Janise Maria Monteiro Rodrigues , Silva Marilena Loureiro da
Published: June 2022

A problemática socioambiental vigente contribui para fazer emergir diversas reflexões que colocam em destaque as formas de relações sociais e o meio ambiente. Este estudo tem por fim analisar o status da Educação Ambiental nos cursos de Graduação da Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Universitário Ananindeua, localizado na região amazônica paraense. Para tanto é realizada uma pesquisa teórica e documental, a partir das prescrições curriculares, projetos pedagógicos dos cursos e programas de disciplinas. Conclui-se que a Educação Ambiental deve ocorrer interdisciplinarmente, para que haja uma aproximação entre questões ambientais, conteúdos técnicos acadêmicos e responsabilidade social.
Artistic synthesis of philosophy and history in Diana Ackerman’s Novel “The Zookeeper’s Wife”
Authors: Prykhodko Vira , Soloshenko-Zadniprovska Nataliia , Viediernikova Tetiana , Chernenko Olha , Shulga Iryna
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of Diana Ackerman’s the creativity. She created a touching and extremely objective book ‘The Zookeeper’s Wife’ showing the people suffering from the humiliation of their human dignity. Diana Ackerman, with endless love and anxiety for her characters, describes what people close to her saw and experienced during World War II. Her novel, imbued with the intense deployment of tragic actions and deeds, does not leave indifferent neither literary scholars, nor readers. The purpose of the article is to analyze the transformation of the characters in Diana Ackerman's novel ‘The Zookeeper’s Wife’ in the context of the development of the theme of survival in ‘labor camps’, Jewish ‘ghetto’ during the occupation period in European countries. The results of the study are understanding that the novel created is not characterized by the typical image of the main character, but the sketches do not ignore the individual features in the character of the husband, son, friends, her surrounding people, reveal the national features of life. The plausibility of events in occupied Poland of historical significance is being recreated. The study concluded that the novel is the work of life-affirming, performed by a civil and patriotic pathos.
Special Aspects of Administrative Liability in Ukraine
Authors: Bondarenko Olha , Poliansky Anton , Zubov Oleksandr , Pankratova Viktoriia , Pidbereznykh Inna
Published: June 2022

Legal liability is an essential element of the legal regulation of public relations. Administrative liability is just as important to democratic governance as administrative efficiency; it even contributes to efficiency in the long run. The study of the essence and special aspects of bringing to administrative liability, particularly foreigners and minors, is of particular scientific interest since it is the most common type of legal liability most often used in Ukraine. That is why the characterization of administrative liability in Ukraine is an important and pressing issue and, therefore, our study's purpose. The object of the study is public relations in the sphere of bringing guilty persons to administrative liability. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of administrative liability in Ukraine. The authors used logical, legalistic, technical legal approaches and integrative cognition to solve the set tasks and achieve the goal. The structural elements of this paper are the coverage of the procedure for bringing to administrative liability in Ukraine, special aspects of bringing foreigners to administrative liability in Ukraine, and the administrative liability of minors.
La calidad del aprendizaje digital en programas universitarios de idiomas orientales y europeos en las regiones de Ucrania
Authors: Makhachashvili Rusudan , Semenist Ivan
Published: June 2022

El enfoque de este estudio es la evaluación en profundidad de las experiencias individuales de aprendizaje combinado y a distancia digital por parte de grupos relevantes de partes interesadas en programas de nivel universitario de idiomas orientales (chino, japonés) y europeos (francés, italiano, español, inglés) en regiones de Ucrania a lo largo de las actividades educativas en el marco de tiempo de las medidas de cuarentena de COVID-19 de marzo de 2020 a deciembre de 2021. La encuesta se utiliza para evaluar los parámetros y desafíos de la calidad individual y la eficiencia de la transformación de las prácticas de Adquisición de Idiomas Extranjeros de la vida real a un formato digital combinado, lo que implica la activación de habilidades interdisciplinarias y actividades intersectoriales, asistidas por herramientas TIC. La encuesta en línea de 14 universidades en los centros regionales de Ucrania proporciona la divulgación de experiencias individuales y la estimación de la calidad del aprendizaje electrónico y el aprendizaje híbrido en el marco del bloqueo de COVID-19; evaluación de las experiencias individuales y la calidad del aprendizaje electrónico y el aprendizaje híbrido en el marco del confinamiento por la COVID-19 en comparación con los formatos tradicionales de aprendizaje presencial de lenguas extranjeras; evaluación de calidad individual del diseño de procesos de aprendizaje, resultados de aprendizaje programado y competencias proyectadas para programas universitarios de idiomas orientales y europeos en el marco de las medidas de bloqueo y cuarentena de COVID-19.
Extensão universitária durante a Pandemia da COVID-19: Semana Quitassato
Authors: Silva Júnior Carlos Alberto da
Published: June 2022

As atividades extensionistas desempenham papel fundamental na formação crítica e reflexiva de cidadãos. A extensão universitária no Brasil continuou sendo desenvolvida, mesmo com as drásticas mudanças trazidas pela pandemia da COVID-19. Em geral, as ações realizadas, majoritariamente, de forma presencial precisaram se adaptar ao formato remoto. Neste contexto, esse trabalho objetivou apresentar os discernimentos de elaboração do evento de extensão intitulado “Semana Quitassato”, realizado pelo Instituto Federal da Paraíba (IFPB), durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Quanto à metodologia, a pesquisa em tela enquadra-se como sendo descritiva, tendo em vista a apresentação de pontos importantes discutidos nas etapas de planejamento e realização da “Semana Quitassato”. Os resultados apontaram para aspectos relevantes no desenvolvimento de uma atividade extensionista no modelo remoto. Em conclusão, infere-se que as discussões trazidas auxiliam na reflexão de aspectos relevantes no planejamento dessas atividades. Como perspectivas, espera-se que projetos de extensão continuem existindo no formato remoto mesmo após esse período pandêmico.
Molecular Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus Infection― Status Quo and outlook
Authors: Imran Khan Muhammad , Iqbal Hafiz M.N. , Bilal Muhammad
Published: June 2022

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been a global health problem and, according to the recent report, more than 71 million people (which equals to almost 1% of population) have HCV infection. Onset of HCV infection is often acute and asymptomatic. In majority of cases, especially in underdeveloped countries, HCV infection remains undiagnosed for a long time. HCV has eight different genotypes, named from one to eight, which differ from each other at 31%-33% of nucleotides. Each genotype is further classified into several subtypes. Collectively, 86 subtypes have been recognized which differ from each other at<15% nucleotide sequence. Determination of genotype of pathogen has been proven an effective means from the aspect of epidemiology. It is an important stage in the processes of decision-making and selecting appropriate therapeutic regimen. Studies have indicated that certain genotypes are found in countries or regions where direct acting antivirals are available against HCV infections. Developing awareness programs via extended approaches can prove useful in controlling the prevalence of HCV as well as other infectious diseases.
Fusarium Endophthalmitis: About a Case of Enucleation
Authors: Bourée Patrice , Slama Dorsaf , Monnet Dominique , Durafour Pierre , Salmon Dominique
Published: June 2022

Fungal eye damages are rare but severe diseases that cause corneal opacity and blindness. The most common pathogens of such damages are Fusarium and Aspergillus. Fusarium is ubiquitous mold found commonly in soil and organic debris. The risk factors for fungal eye damages are trauma (plants, soil, metallic or foreign bodies), corneal surgery (keratoplasty), disruption of corneal epithelium, contact lens wear, and immunosuppressed patients. Clinical suspicion of fungal keratitis is helpful because the diagnosis is difficult to reach based on a laboratory verification, with corneal scraping in adequate culture medium and PCR. Fusarium sp are generally resistant to most antifungal drugs. Despite medical therapy with topical natamycin and voriconazole, surgery is often required with antifungal intracorneal injection, corneal transplantation, and enucleation. A 37-year-old patient presented with a trauma of cornea with a metallic piece was examined in this study. Nine months after local treatment, he complained of painful ocular lesion with a hypopyon. He was treated by intravitreal injection of vancomycin. A corneal scrapping showed hyphae of Fusarium proliferatum. He was treated with amphotericin B and voriconazole; however, no convincing efficacy was achieved and the unbearable eye pain persisted and, unfortunately, he was diagnosed with hepatic cytolysis. Due to the treatment failure, therefore, the enucleation was required and the pathological examination of the eye was found negative.
La planificación estratégica en el contexto de emergencia sanitaria
Authors:   , Sueiro Lorena Elizabeth
Published: June 2022

El presente trabajo de tesis tiene como propósito, frente al contexto de pandemia (COVID-19) declarada por la OMS en marzo de 2020, modificar uno de los procesos de reintegros para los afiliados de la SSSP. Esta SSSP funciona como coseguro de la Obra Social principal (IOMA) y con el objeto de reducir los riesgos de contagio de la población más expuesta, se pretende tratar de lograr un beneficio inmediato evitando así, trámites presenciales. El mismo comienza en el Capítulo II, “Caracterización del problema y de su relevancia”, muestra la problemática planteada de la organización y la necesidad de dar una rápida respuesta al contexto de pandemia. Capítulo III “Marco teórico”, muestra el enfoque conceptual con el que se aborda la descripción del problema planteado, describiendo las teorías en las que se fundamenta la Tesis. Capítulo IV “Objetivos de la investigación de Tesis”, plantea el objetivo general y los específicos en relación con el problema planteado. Capítulo V “Metodología” describe el diseño y enfoque del tipo de investigación para lograr los objetivos planteados. Capítulo VI “Análisis de la información”, se expone en función de los objetivos planteados. Capítulo VII “Conclusiones”, refleja las conclusiones abordadas a partir del análisis de la información.
Creative thinking strategies in primary education classrooms
Authors: Varías Inés
Published: June 2022

The development of creative thinking must be considered as a necessity in pedagogical practice in every educational system. The objective of this article was to present some concepts and strategies that are being developed in the classrooms. The methodology used was the experimental documentary technique. In addition, a search was done for articles of a scientific nature, published in various reliable databases. Concluding that, creative thinking is a capacity that the person must possess in the 21st century. Therefore, every student must develop it to produce innovative ideas that allow them to solve problematic situations.