bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sinteza encima β-glukozidaze v semenih transgenega riža za nadomestno zdravljenje dedne Gaucherjeve bolezni
Authors: Zlata Zlata
Published: August 2022

Pridobivanje aktivnih sestavin za zdravila, predvsem cepiva s transgenimi rastlinami se je začelo pred 25 leti. Zaradi določenih prednosti sinteze učinkovin s transgenimi rastlinami, v primerjavi z obstoječim pridobivanjem, se vse bolj uveljavljajo optimizirani transformacijski in ekspresijski sistemi ter njihova uporaba. Do sedaj je bilo v ospredju pridobivanje učinkovin za preventivo in zdravljenje številnih nalezljivih človeških in živalskih bolezni. V zadnjem obdobju je vse več primerov pridobivanja rekombinantnih proteinov za zdravljenje avtoimunskih in genetskih obolenj. Med temi je tudi zelo redka Gaucherjeva bolezen, pomanjkanje encima glukocerebrozidaze, ki jo lahko zdravimo z nadomestnim encimom β-glukozidazo. Transgeni riž uspešno sintetizira in nalaga β-glukozidazo v endosperm v obdobju formiranja in zorenja semen.
Epidemiologija, farmakoepidemiologija ter primerjalna učinkovitost in sprejemljivost zdravil za zdravljenje hiperkinetične motnje otrok in mladostnikov
Authors: Štuhec Matej
Published: August 2022

Motnja pozornosti s hiperaktivnostjo (ADHD) je pogosto diagnosticirana motnja pri otrocih in mladostnikih. V številnih evropskih držav je motnja opredeljena kot hiperkinetična motnja (HKM) in v Severni Ameriki kot ADHD. Natančen vzrok ADHD ni znan. Število diagnosticiranih bolnikov z ADHD raste. Epidemiologija in farmakoepidemiologija ADHD v tem delu Evrope nista dobro raziskani. Glede na smernice zdravljenje bolnikov z ADHD vključuje zdravljenje z zdravili in nefarmakološko zdravljenje. Pri izbiri ustreznega zdravila za zdravljenje ADHD pridobljene vrednosti učinkov iz metaanaliz ne smejo biti edino merilo izbora, a predstavljajo uporabne informacije v izbiri posameznih zdravil za zdravljenje bolnikov z ADHD. Namen prispevka je predstaviti epidemiologijo in farmakoepidemiologijo ADHD v Sloveniji ter primerjalno učinkovitost in sprejemljivosti zdravil za ADHD z uporabo metaanalize.
The impact of moisture on thermal conductivity of fabrics
Authors: Slavinec Mitja , Repnik Robert , Klemenčič Eva
Published: August 2022

The article presents the experimental results of the thermal conductivity of absorbent fabrics for increasing relative amount of water in the fabric. Measurements confirm that the effective thermal conductivity of fabrics at low moisture level is proportional to the relative amount of water absorbed in fabrics. With increasing relative amount of water in the fabric, effective thermal conductivity stabilizes around the value comparable with the thermal conductivity of water. The experimental results are compared with the theoretical linear model.
Napake v zdravljenju z zdravili: realnost in prihodnost
Authors: Štuhec Matej
Published: August 2022

Napaka v zdravljenju z zdravili (ME) je nenamerna napaka v zdravljenju z zdravili, ki vodi oziroma lahko povzroči značilno škodo za bolnika.V Združenih državah Amerike (ZDA) je letna finančna posledica preprečljivih ME 3,8 milijarde USD kot posledica sprejemov v bolnišnice in 3,3 milijarde zaradi ambulantnih obiskov. Letni stroški preprečljivih ME v ZDA so 16,4 milijard USD za bolnišnične bolnike in 4,2 milijarde USD za ambulantne in predstavljajo 7000 dodatnih smrti letno na račun preprečljivih ME. Kljub dejstvu, da so ME pomembna tema pogovora v zadnjem času, breme in stroški tega problema v Sloveniji še niso poznani. Številne strategije za preprečevanje ME obstajajo, vključno z vključitvijo kliničnih farmacevtov ob bolniški postelji. V tem pregledu je predstavljen pregled tega področja.
Uporaba alilnega intermediata pri novi sintezni poti do heterocikličnega gradnika rosuvastatina: N-(4-(4-fluorofenil)-5-formil-6- izopropilpirimidin-2-il)-Nmetilmetansulfonamida
Authors: Čusak Alen , Časar Zdenko , Šterk Damjan
Published: August 2022

Z novo sintezno metodo smo pripravili N-(4-(4-fluorofenil)-5-formil-6-izopropilpirimidin-2-il)-N-metilmetansulfonamid, ki predstavlja ključni heterociklični gradnik rosuvastatina. Sinteza temelji na uvedbi alilne skupine na mesto 5 predhodno pripravljenega pirimidinskega derivata. Alilno substituiran pirimidinski intermediat je mogoče pretvoriti v N-(4-(4-fluorofenil)-5-formil-6-izopropilpirimidin-2-il)-N-metilmetansulfonamid v treh stopnjah, ki vključujejo izomerizacijo dvojne vezi, oksidacijo nastalega alkena v diol in oksidativno cepitev vicinalnega diola. Celotna štiristopenjska sinteza omogoča pripravo naslovne spojine s 60-odstotnim celokupnim izkoristkom, kar da odličen 88-odstotni povprečni izkoristek na stopnjo ob uporabi industrijsko sprejemljivih reagentov in blagih reakcijskih pogojev.
Upravljanje proizvodnega sistema z zakasnitvami v proizvodnji s pomočjo Lambertovih funkcij
Authors: Pušenjak Rudolf , Oblak Maks
Published: August 2022

Članek  obravnava upravljanje proizvodnega procesa z zakasnitvami v proizvodnji. Namen upravljanja proizvodnega sistema je optimiranje količine proizvodnje tako, da zmanjšamo proizvodne stroške v izbranem časovnem obdobju na minimum. Upravljanje je prikazano v enostavnem proizvodnem sistemu z zakasnitvami, v katerem poteka neprekinjena proizvodnja posameznega izdelka. Za doseganje optimalne proizvodnje  so v prispevku uporabljene Lambertove funkcije, s katerimi omogočimo tvorbo analitičnih rešitev linearne diferencialne enačbe z zakasnitvami, ki opisuje proizvodni proces. V članku je raziskana stabilnost upravljanja proizvodnega sistema z določitvijo stabilnostne meje v analitični obliki. Pri tem je ugotovljeno, da zakasnitve proizvodnje povzročajo nihajoči potek dejanskih zalog  v odvisnosti od časa, pri čemer z upravljanjem proizvodnje ta nihanja uspešno zadušimo, v kolikor se časovna zakasnitev in stopnja načrtovane proizvodnje na osnovi informacije o pogrešku regulacije nahajata v stabilnem področju. Dobljeni analitični rezultati so primerjani z numerično rešitvijo po metodi Runge-Kutta v programskem okolju Mathematica, pri čemer je ugotovljeno skoraj popolno ujemanje.
Sinteza aktivnih komponent za zdravila z gensko spremenjenimi rastlinami
Authors: Luthar Zlata
Published: August 2022

V zadnjih letih so izsledki na področju kliničnih testiranj rekombinantnih zdravil pridobljenih z gensko spremenjenimi (GS) rastlinami doživeli velik razcvet. V ta namen so bili uspešno opravljeni številni poskusi povečanja izražanja antigenov za zdravljenje nalezljivih virusnih in bakterijskih bolezni. Najnovejše raziskave so osredotočene v optimizacijo sinteze in pridobivanja antigenov za zdravljenje avtoimunih in genetskih bolezni. Razmišlja pa se tudi v smer sinteze antigenov za zdravljenje tropskih bolezni. Vedno več je izsledkov o uporabi zdravil z zaužitjem svežega rastlinskega materiala (predvsem v veterini). Komponentna cepiva pridobljena z GS rastlinami so sposobna vzbuditi močnejši imunski odziv in izzvati imunski spomin za daljše časovno obdobje. Njihovo pridobivanje je povezano z manjšimi proizvodnimi stroški. Kljub vsem raziskavam in dosežkom pa nobeno od zdravil pridobljeno z GS rastlinami ni prisotno na trgu. Za dosego tega bo potrebno odpraviti težave povezane s proizvodnjo, uporabo, predvsem pa z biološko varnostjo in splošnim mnenjem javnosti do GS rastlin.
Antipsychotic drugs and QT interval prolongation
Authors: Novak Šarotar Brigita
Published: August 2022

Prolongation of myocardial repolarization, i.e. lengthening of the QTc interval on surface electrocardiogram (ECG), with increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias, has been recognized as a side effect of many drugs. Most first and second generation antipsychotic drugs can cause dose-related prolongation of QTc, although there are important differences in the potency of individual agents. ECGs in 46 patients suffering from schizophrenic disorder and treated with different antipsychotic drugs one week after the admission to the psychiatric hospital were analyzed in this prospective observational study. Hearth rate, QT interval and QTc interval were assessed. The average daily dose of prescribed antipsychotic drugs was calculated.  Average QTc interval was 417 msec, only 3 out of 46 (6,5%) patients had QTc over 450 msec and only one patient (2,2%) had QTc over 500 msec. No differences in QTc interval between patients who were treated either with first or second generation antipsychotic drug or with combination of both were found. Female participants had significantly longer OTc interval than male participants (p < 0,05). Results raise the question of the clinical relevance of a single ECG for diagnostics of cardiac complications in schizophrenia patients and suggest the need to conduct ECG monitoring in patients with high risk for cardiac complications during antipsychotic treatment.
Uporaba alilnih intermediatov v novi sintezi heterocikličnega gradnika pitavastatina: 2- ciklopropil-4-(4-fluorofenil)kinolin-3- karbaldehida
Authors: Čusak Alen , Časar Zdenko , Jukič Marko , Šterk Damjan
Published: August 2022

Z novo sintezno metodo smo pripravili 2-ciklopropil-4-(4-fluorofenil)kinolin-3-karbaldehid, ki predstavlja ključni heterociklični gradnik pitavastatina. Sinteza temelji na uvedbi alilne skupine v zgodnji -ciklopropil substituiran ketonski intermediat. Le tega je mogoče ciklizirati v ustrezen kinolin, ki vsebuje alilno skupino na mestu 3 kinolinskega skeleta. 3-Alilno substituiran kinolinski intermediat je mogoče pretvoriti v 2-ciklopropil-4-(4-fluorofenil)kinolin-3-karbaldehid v treh stopnjah, ki vključujejo izomerizacijo dvojne vezi, oksidacijo nastalega alkena v diol in oksidativno cepitev vicinalnega diola. Celotna petstopenjska sinteza omogoča pripravo naslovne spojine s 14-odstotnim celokupnim izkoristkom (68-odstotni povprečni izkoristek na stopnjo) za neoptimizirane reakcijske pogoje ob uporabi industrijsko sprejemljivih reagentov in reakcijskih pogojev.
Uporaba različnih dodatkov pri izdelavi slivove marmelade
Authors: Unuk Tatjana , Fartek Doroteja , Grobelnik Mlakar Silva
Published: August 2022

Na Fakulteti za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede Univerze v Mariboru smo ugotavljali, kako različni dodatki v slivovi marmeladi vplivajo na senzorično oceno marmelad. Kot osnovno surovino smo uporabili slive sorte 'Čačanska lepotica', kot dodatke pa mlete klinčke, mleti ingver in mleto pomarančno lupino v podmerku 6 g/L. Namerno smo izbrali dodatke, ki so aromatični in imajo hkrati dokazane antioksidativne lastnosti. V začetku junija 2017 smo izvedli senzorično ocenjevanje z uporabo hedonskega testa, kjer so preskuševalci ocenjevali všečnost vonja, barve, okusa, konsistence, razmerja med sladkor/kislina ter skupni vtis posameznih vzorcev. Hkrati so se preizkusili tudi v prepoznavanju dodatkov. Rezultati senzoričnega ocenjevanja kažejo, da dodatki statistično značilno vplivajo na oceno všečnosti barve, okusa, razmerja sladkor/kislina ter skupni vtis posameznega vzorca. Najboljšo skupno oceno je prejel vzorec marmelade z dodatkom pomarančne lupine, najslabšo  pa  vzorec z dodatkom klinčkov. Hipotezo, da bodo preskuševalci najboljšo oceno dodelili  poznanemu okusu, smo ovrgli.
Meje stabilnosti vibracij pri struženju
Authors: Pušenjak Rudolf
Published: August 2022

V članku je obravnavan model samovzbujenih vibracij v procesu struženja z eno prostostno stopnjo, ki sestoji iz regulacijske strukture z direktno vejo, primarno povratno zvezo in regenerativno povratno zvezo. Direktna veja služi za modeliranje dinamike procesa odrezavanja in strukturne dinamike. Regenerativna povratna zveza služi za modeliranje časovne zakasnitve, ki v procesu odrezavanja nastaja zaradi vrtenja obdelovanca. Vibracije pri struženju nastanejo, ko postane regulacijska struktura nestabilna in neugodno vplivajo na kvaliteto procesa odrezavanja (groba površina in slaba dimenzijska natančnost obdelovanca). Prav tako pa povzročajo hitro obrabo rezalnega orodja in celo možno poškodbo stružnice. V prispevku je izpeljana vodilna diferencialna enačba vibracij v procesu struženja, ki jo rešujemo z novo metodo koračnega harmonskega ravnovesja (MKHR). S pomočjo te metode konstruiramo stabilnostni diagram procesa struženja, ki z določitvijo stabilnih področij zagotavlja optimalne pogoje struženja pri spremenljivi hitrosti vretena.
Nanotehnologija v postopkih precizijskega litja plemenitih zlitin
Authors: Rudolf Rebeka , Majerič Peter , Ferčec Urban
Published: August 2022

Precizijsko litje je postopek, ki temelji na ulivanju in strjevanju taline na »odstranjeni vosek«1. Prednosti precizijskega litja so visoka natančnost, gladkost površine ter celovitost izdelanih odlitkov, vse značilnosti pa se lahko uporabijo tudi v nanotehnologiji2. Tako izdelani odlitki iz zlitin kobalta, kroma, titana in srebra/zlata so že vrsto let poznani kot biokompatibilni materiali z izjemnimi elastičnimi lastnostmi3 in se uporabljajo na področjih ortopedije in zobozdravstva ter pri izdelavi mnogih medicinskih naprav4. Po drugi strani so danes zelo uporabljeni nanodelci plemenitih kovin in to predvsem na osnovi  na zlata. Ti izkazujejo edinstvene fizikalne in kemijske lastnosti, kot so velika reakcijska površina, dobra absorpcija in prevodnost5. Ker zlitine na osnovi zlata oziroma srebra na makro-nivoju izkazujejo izrazito drugačne lastnosti kot nanodelci zlata in srebra na mikro nivoju, so slednji predmet mnogih novejših raziskav in posledično številnih novih aplikacij6,7,8. Vendar pa se večina raziskav na področju precizijskega litja plemenitih kovin ne osredotoča na nanotehnologijo, ki predstavlja velik raziskovalni potencial. Z uporabo nanotehnologije oziroma izboljšanega prezicijskega litja bi tako pridobili popolnoma nove lastnosti materialov, uporabne na številnih področjih s prvenstvenim ciljem v medicini. Predstavitev tega pristopa in kategorizacija teh postopkov je tako glaven cilj dela v katerem je predstavljen nov postopek izdelave zlitin in karakterizacijo njihovih lastnosti, kar predstavlja pomembno iztočnico za prihodnje raziskave.
Znanje, stališča, prepričanja in trenutne prakse glede elektronskih cigaret med svetovalci za pomoč pri opuščanju kajenja in zdravstvenimi delavci
Authors: Koprivnikar Helena , Farkaš Lainščak Jerneja
Published: August 2022

Svetovalci za opuščanje kajenja in zdravstveni delavci so za paciente pomemben vir informacij o vplivih kajenja na zdravje in pomoči pri opuščanju kajenja. Elektronske cigarete so novejši izdelek, učinkov njihove dolgoročne uporabe na zdravje še ne poznamo. Trenutno raziskave tudi ne potrjujejo, da so učinkovite v pomoči pri opuščanju kajenja. Namen prispevka je pregled obstoječe literature o znanju, stališčih, prepričanjih in praksah glede elektronskih cigaret med svetovalci za opuščanje kajenja in zdravstvenimi delavci. Rezultati kažejo, da je znanje o elektronskih cigaretah pomanjkljivo, stališča in prepričanja o njih pa neenotna in pogosto neskladna z obstoječimi dokazi. Znaten delež zdravstvenih delavcev jih kljub pomanjkanju dokazov priporoča za opuščanje kajenja. Ključno je, da zagotovimo enotno in z dokazi podprto informiranje in svetovanje pacientom glede elektronskih cigaret.
Klinični farmacevt kot del zdravstvenega tima v obravnavi bolnika: Potreba ali nujno zlo?
Authors: Štuhec Matej
Published: August 2022

Vključitev kliničnega farmacevta v zdravljenje z zdravili neposredno na vizitah in oddelkih je eden izmed najboljših načinov zmanjšanja napak v zdravljenju z zdravili. Za tovrstno vključitev obstajajo najkvalitetnejši dokazi iz dobro zasnovanih kliničnih raziskav in meta-analiz (Ia dokazi). Kljub temu, da so pozitivni učinki dela kliničnega farmacevta pogosto opisani, sodelovanje v realni klinični praksi pogosto ne sledi pozitivnim rezultatom. V tem prispevku prikazujemo priporočila, dobre in slabe prakse ter povzemamo stanje na tem področju v Sloveniji. Prispevek lahko služi kot pomoč zdravnikom in kliničnim farmacevtom ter predvsem vodilnim v bolnišnicah, k vzpostavitvi ustreznih oblik sodelovanja dela v timu na oddelkih, ki vodijo do optimalnih kliničnih in ekonomskih izidov.
Evalvacija triletnega dela farmacevta svetovalca v Zdravstvenem domu Murska Sobota
Authors: Kovačič Alenka
Published: August 2022

Evalvirali smo delo farmacevta svetovalca v Zdravstvenem domu Murska Sobota od januarja 2013 do decembra 2015 in pregledali 495 izvidov farmakoterapijskih pregledov. Zabeležili smo 3500 intervencij in 2164 podanih nasvetov farmacevta svetovalca. Zaznanih je bilo 159 potencialnih interakcij tipa X in 947 potencialnih interakcij tipa D med zdravili. Ob upoštevanju sprememb v terapiji s strani zdravnika bi se število zmanjšalo na 19 potencialnih interakcij tipa X in 232 potencialnih interakcij tipa D, večinoma klinično nepomembnih za posameznega bolnika. Skupno je farmacevt svetovalec predlagal 790 ukinitev zdravil, 780 zamenjav in 210 uvedb novih zdravil ali pripravkov za samozdravljenje. Z upoštevanjem predlogov sprememb bi se povprečno število zdravil na bolnika po pregledu terapije zmanjšalo za 1,2.
Video annotation with metadata: A case study of soccer game video annotation with players
Authors: Zimšek Danilo , Banfi Luka , Sepesy Maučec Mirjam
Published: August 2022

In recent years, the use of convolutional neural networks for video processing has become very attractive. The reason lies in the computational power for data processing which is available today.  There are many well-defined research areas where neural networks have brought higher reliability than other conventional approaches; for example, traffic sign recognition and isolated number recognition. In this paper, we will describe the architecture and the implementation of the process of soccer game annotation. The game is annotated with  data about players. The technology of convolutional neural networks is used for number recognition. The process runs in real-time on a streaming video.  Content enriched with metadata is given to the user in parallel with  the real-time video. In the paper, we will describe in some detail the following modules: Image binarization, shot localization, the selection and recognition of numbers on players` jerseys.
Analiza poročanja simptomov po kemoterapiji za bolnice z zgodnjim rakom dojk prek mobilne aplikacije
Authors: Grašič Kuhar Cvetka , Drmota Eva , Gortnar Tjaša , Kovač Timotej , Kukar Matjaž
Published: August 2022

Bolniki z rakom, ki se zdravijo s kemoterapijo, imajo lahko številne simptome. V okviru raziskave Mobilna aplikacija za bolnice z rakom dojk na zdravljenju s kemoterapijo ali tarčnimi zdravili, so nam bolnice preko mobilne aplikacije javljale simptome. V naboru je bilo 50 različnih simptomov. Bolnice so označile zaznan simptom, opredelile njegovo jakost (blago, srednje ali hudo) in trajanje. Analizirali smo poročila 16 bolnic za prvi cikel kemoterapije. Najpogostejši simptomi so bili utrujenost (75 %), suha usta, glavobol, rdečica obraza (56 %), bolečine v mišicah, hripavost, zgaga, plini v črevesju (31 %), zaprtje, driska (25 %) in izpadanje las (44 %). Večino simptomov je bilo blage ali srednje stopnje in kratkotrajnih (do 4 dni). Sprotno beleženje simptomov je v pomoč onkologu k boljši terapiji simptomov.
Compassion Scale Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: SANDIKÇIOĞLU Süheybe , YEŞİL Rüştü
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable scale that can be used to determine the level of reflecting the value of compassion on the attitudes and behaviors of primary school children. The sample of the research consists of 300 classroom teachers working in Şanlıurfa. The data were collected with the draft scale form prepared for the thesis study. Data were collected with a draft scale form containing 47 items. First, KMO and Bartlet test analyzes were performed on the obtained data set . Values were examined and construct validity and distinctiveness analysis were performed within the scope of validity analysis, and internal consistency analysis was performed within the scope of reliability analysis. After the analysis, a scale structure consisting of 28 items gathered under a single factor was reached. The scale was named the “Compassion Scale”. The KMO value of the scale was 0.966; Bartlett Test values are x2=5992,493 sd =46; p<0.001. The validity of the scale was examined by exploratory factor analysis and distinctiveness analysis. The factor loads of the scale items are between 0.597 and 0.754. The total amount of variance explained is 54,821%. The item-total correlation coefficients were positive and significant at the p<0.001 level. Within the scope of the reliability examination of the scale, the Cronbach Alpha coefficient was calculated within the scope of the internal consistency examination and was determined as 0.965. These obtained values were evaluated within the scope of the limit values expressed in the literature, and it was concluded that the Compassion Scale is a valid and reliable scale that can be used to determine the compassion levels of primary school students.
The Effects of Psychoeducational Interventions Based on Mindfulness on Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Outcomes of Older Adults
Authors: TÜCCAR Esin , ŞAR Ali
Published: August 2022

People of the older ages are now the growing segment of the general population. Despite the individual diversities, older adults are perceived as associated with poor social and emotional functions. The present study aims to examine the effects of mindfulness-based psychoeducational interventions on the depression, anxiety, and stress outcomes of older adults. Thus, it highlights the significance of continuous research in the field of gerontology and awareness and offers suggestions for future research. In the study, the Pearson correlation research method is conducted. The target group consists of older adults aged 60 and over. Grandparents with grandchildren aged 0-6 who attend a pre-school in Bayrampaşa district of Istanbul province constitute the participants. According to repeated measures ANOVA analysis, DASS (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale) scores show a significant difference between before and after Mindfulness Training.
Aniridi ile İlişkili Konjenital Glokomlu Bir Olguda Alt Kapak Epiblefaron Cerrahisi: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: DOĞANAY Derya , KATİRCİOGLU Yasemin , ORMAN Gozde
Published: August 2022

Aniridi, kromozom 11p13 üzerinde bulunan PAX6 genindeki bozukluğa bağlı gelişen kısmı veya tam iris defektidir. Aniridiye konjenital katarakt, konjenital glokom, keratopati veya foveal aplazi gibi oküler anomaliler eşlik edebilir. Epiblefaronun etyopatojenezi tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Bununla beraber epiblefaron etyopatogenezinde konjenital cilt katlanma anomalisi ve alt kapak retraktörlerinin yanlış yapılanması olduğu düşünülmektedir. Karotiko-kavernöz fistül, tiroid oftalmopati, megalo-oftalmi ve konjenital glokom gibi oftalmolojik hastalıklarla birlikteliği bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada aniridiye bağlı konjenital glokom ile takipli Doğu-Asyalı dört yaş erkek olguda gelişen epiblefaronun tanı ve tedavisinin sunulması amaçlandı. Özgeçmişinde atrial septal defekt bulunan hastanın her iki gözünde alt kapakta epiblefaron, aniridi, mikrosferofaki ve katarakt mevcuttu. Bu olguya epiblefaron nedeniyle alt kapak retraktörleri ile orbiküler kası hedef alan cerrahi teknik uygulandı.
Hemodiyaliz Hastalarında Mortaliteye Etkisi Olan Kan Parametreleri ve Ekokardiyografi Bulguları
Authors: ALANLI Recep , KÜÇÜKAY Murat Bülent , MÜRSEL Şahin , YAVUZ İzzet , KAYMAKAMTORUNLARI DENİZ Fatma , KASKATI Osman Tolga , YILDIRIMKAYA Metin
Published: August 2022

Giriş: Bu çalışmada hemodiyalize giren hastaların demografik özellikleri, eşlik eden hastalıkları, kan parametreleri ve EKO bulguları ile mortalite arasındaki ilişkinin saptanması hedeflendi.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma; Temmuz 2017 ile Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arasında kronik böbrek hastalığı nedeniyle düzenli hemodiyalize giren 755 hasta ile retrospektif olarak yapıldı. Onsekiz yaşından küçükler ve 60 günden az hemodiyalize girenler çalışmaya alınmadı.

Bulgular: C- reaktif protein, ferritin, eritrosit dağılım hacmi, alkalen fosfataz yüksekliği, 65 yaşından büyük olmak, albumin, kalsiyum, protein eksikliği ve ejeksiyon fraksiyonu (EF) düşüklüğü ile ölüm arasında ilişki olduğu saptandı. Yaş, albümin düzeyi, hipertansiyon, hiperlipidemi ve EF düzeyleri ile mortalite arasında korelasyon bulundu.

Sonuç: Hemodiyalize giren hastalarda; ileri yaş, albumin eksiliği ve EF düşüklüğü ile hiperlipidemi varlığında mortalite riski yüksek olup, bu hastaların daha dikkatli takip edilmesi gerekmektedir. Ayrıca antihipertansif ilaçların koruyucu özelliği olup, uygun olan her hastaya antihipertansif ilaç verilmesi önerilir.
OPTIMIZING SERVICE QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF THE BUS RAPID TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN LAGOS USING THE MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS
Authors: ADEBIYI Sulaimon Olanrewaju , AKINRINMADE Oluwagbenga John , AMOLE Bilqis Bolanle
Published: August 2022

Evaluation of Bus Rapid Transportation (BRT) based on service quality criteria and customer satisfaction can never be overemphasized due to its derivative, such as optimizing the performance of the transportation industry. Thus, this study employs the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method for the evaluation of service quality and customer satisfaction of the BRT system in Nigeria using the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) and visekriterijumska optimizacija i kompromisno resenje (VIKOR), which are components of multi-criteria optimization and compromise solution to evaluate notable factors responsible for the user’s perspective. Research design is quantitative and analytical in nature through a survey of experts who are users of BRT services. Samples were drawn through a multi-stage sampling procedure and a total of 402 copies of questionnaires were administered to BRT users based on their experience with the system. Hence, VIKOR and FAHP methods are applied to analyse data retrieved from the field on services quality and performance level. The service quality (SERVQUAL) model (a multi-dimensional research instrument designed to capture consumer expectations and perceptions of service) was modified thereby generating six dimensions and thirty-six service criteria for this research. The FAHP method was employed to determine the weights of the decision criteria because there is a need to measure commuters’ perceptions and expectations based on numerical linguistic variables due to the vague, imprecise and complexity related to the nature of services. The criteria weights and responses of the survey analysis (data) related with the BRT are input for the VIKOR method for ranking. As measuring the perception of service quality based on crispy value can often be misleading, hence, the use of the fuzzy MCDM method can give a more realistic measurement. The result of the multi-criteria decision analysis revealed that pricing quality is the most relevant service quality dimension to users’ satisfaction, followed by the empathy quality dimension. The summary of strength and weakness areas of service quality discovered through the research and its managerial implications with recommendations were related to the appropriate authority in charge of the BRT system for improved performance.
BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT OF RAIL TRANSPORT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE VALUE CHAIN
Authors: KRZEŚNIAK Mirosław , JACYNA Marianna , PRYCIŃSKI Piotr , MURAWSKI Jakub , BAŃKA Michał
Published: August 2022

The value chain can be defined as a set of all processes and procedures necessary to deliver a product or service to the end-user through various stages of development. A concept of the value chain is essential in the context of transport, as the transport process is usually one of the last elements of the value chain and determines the final value of a product or service offered. In recent years, the domestic and international rail transport market has undergone significant changes, including ongoing globalisation processes, growing importance of international trade, increase in intermodal transport significance, numerous investment outlays in transport infrastructure, means of transport, and the area of rail transport interoperability. All the above-described aspects have an impact on the value chain in transport. This paper presents an analysis of the value chain in transport processes in an aspect of rail transport. Elements of the railway transport organisation process, which affect the entire value chain, were briefly characterised in this article. Moreover, based on statistical data and a literature review, factors that fundamentally impact the efficient organisation of rail transport processes were identified.
ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF E-COMMERCE IN POLAND FROM 2010-2020 AND ITS IMPACT ON THE TRANSPORT SECTOR
Authors: MACIOSZEK Elżbieta , JURDANA Irena
Published: August 2022

Trade with the use of internet technology (e-commerce) provides new opportunities for expansion on a larger scale for already existing business entities and offers prospects for rapid development for new companies. This is possible due to the low entry barriers that encourage the sale of products. Online retail trade is gaining increased popularity in Poland. This article aims to analyze e-commerce development in Poland from 2010-2020. This analysis is based on data from the Central Statistical Office. The results of the analysis clearly show that the share of purchases made via the internet has been systematically growing from year to year. This growth contributes to the faster development of transport logistics, as well as the transport of the goods itself.
USE OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES FOR WATER SAMPLING IN HARD-TO-REACH WATER RESERVOIRS
Authors: MARCISZ Marek , MORGA Rafał , REMIORZ Eryk , KRASOŃ Tomasz , MICHALIK Bartłomiej , NALEPKA Paweł , POTEMPA Szymon , SAKS Kacper , SZECÓWKA Gabriel
Published: August 2022

Collecting water samples for laboratory analysis from hard-to-reach surface areas such as post-industrial reservoirs (for example, tailings depositories) or overgrown lakes and ponds poses several difficulties, and it is potentially dangerous for the persons carrying out such activity. This can be improved by the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) while ensuring an adequate level of safety and full compliance with the requirements of PN-ISO standards. This article presents the possibility of using the BSP in the option of autonomous (automatic) operation, allowing for the collection of water samples intended for physico-chemical tests, from hard-to-reach surface reservoirs, following the provisions of the relevant PN-ISO standards.
TECHNICAL AND OPERATIONAL MEASURES TO REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND IMPROVE THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF SHIPS
Authors: ONISHCHENKO Oleg , GOLIKOV Volodymyr , MELNYK Oleksiy , ONYSHCHENKO Svitlana , OBERTIUR Kostiantyn
Published: August 2022

Every year, the dynamics of implementation of projects aimed at improving the efficiency of energy use is gradually increasing at different levels and in different industries. It has spread in the areas of design, modernization and reconstruction of energy-efficient buildings and structures, design and construction of elements of industrial infrastructure, and technological production processes. Introduction of such projects is a priority for enterprises and companies of various types of economic activity. Thus, the leading industries develop strategies to improve environmental safety and energy efficiency - shipping is no exception, where the process of improving energy efficiency is carried out through various mechanisms, ultimately leading to a reduction in emissions of pollutants, but having a negative impact on the performance of the commercial operation of the ship. Problems of ensuring energy efficiency along with increasing requirements for environmental safety of transport and strengthening the responsibility of shipowners become the focus of research of modern theory and practice of operation of means of maritime transport. The issues of improvement of universal principles of energy efficiency within individual shipping companies and development of tools for economic analysis of energy efficiency of own fleet, search for new ways of forming professional competencies of ship crew members in the field of energy efficiency continue to be topical as well.
APPLICATION OF THE BIOMASS AS A CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL OF THE OIL FILTER AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: PUŠKÁR Michal , TARBAJOVSKÝ Pavol , ŠOLTÉSOVÁ Marieta
Published: August 2022

Engine emissions can be reduced by performing suitable modifications to the oil filter. Biomass medium served as the replacement for the standard paper fibres, which are used in common oil filters. The experimental analysis of 4 emission elements showed a moderate increase in the case of 2 emission characteristics, whereby a 10% increase in monoxide was present, and also, an increase of 2.5% of nitrogen oxides was observed. Further, there was a significant reduction of 2 other emission elements, namely the unburned hydrocarbons decreased by 61%, and the amount of particulate matter was reduced by 18%. Measured engine power increased by 1.2% using the modified oil filter, which proves the success of this filter. There was a decrease in oil pressure as well, the value dropped by 0.5 bar during the whole period of the measuring process.
ANTI-ROLL BAR DESIGN FOR A FORMULA SAE VEHICLE SUSPENSION
Authors: WHEATLEY Greg , ZAEIMI Mohammad
Published: August 2022

This work outlines the development and analysis of an anti-roll bar system vehicle carried out by James Cook University. A detailed design phase was completed, clearly showing all stages of the design approach from the initial proposed design to the final design. Several analysis strategies are used throughout the report including weld calculations and FEA modelling. These calculations led to design changes impacting the final recommended system. This report demonstrates compliance with all Formula SAE rules regarding anti-roll bar systems.
A BALANCED PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOTIVE SPARE PARTS SUPPLY CHAIN
Authors: ACHETOUI Zineb , MABROUKI Charif , MOUSRIJ Ahmed
Published: August 2022

This paper aims to provide a performance measurement system for the automotive spare parts supply chain. We focus on an independent distributor belonging to an independent channel. The framework encompasses different performance aspects for a high supply chain visibility, as well as the required categories, subcategories and key performance indicators for the automotive spare parts supply chain performance measurement. The framework is the first contribution that advances the performance measurement in the automotive aftermarket and allows assessing the performance of the automotive spare parts supply chain as a whole.
THE EFFECT OF TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES ON MATERNAL MORTALITY: THE GUEST MOTHERHOOD PROJECT (GMP) IN TURKEY
Authors: AYDIN Metin Mutlu
Published: August 2022

In undeveloped and developing countries, maternal mortality is an important problem in public health. High maternal deaths observed in some regions of Turkey are related to inequities in reaching health services (low transport facilities). To prevent maternal mortality, pregnant women should have access to health services for professional care before, during, and after childbirth. In Turkey, most maternal deaths are related to socio-economic factors, equity issues, health services and transportation facilities. Especially, transportation facilities to health centers play an important role in preventing maternal deaths. Thus, to prevent the negative effect of the winter season and adverse transportation facilities on maternal mortality, the Turkey Ministry of Health (MoH), aiming to reduce the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) in rural areas, initiated the “Guest Motherhood Project (GMP)” to cover all of its urban and rural areas. In this project, health services for pregnant women in risky regions were restructured. In the scope of the project, access problems to health centers were eliminated and rapid access to rural areas and challenging territories of Turkey were provided. Current maternal mortality statistics show that GMP is yielding good results and high quality delivery services at all health centers in every region of the country despite the regional disparities.
ACCURACY ANALYSIS OF AIRCRAFT POSITIONING USING REAL RADAR AND GPS DATA
Authors: CIEĆKO Adam , GOŚ Artur , KRASUSKI Kamil , KRZEŚNIAK Kacper
Published: August 2022

This paper presents an analysis of the accuracy of aircraft positioning using radar and GPS satellite data. In particular, this study shows the results of research on determining the position of an aircraft, as well as the range and azimuth parameters for the GCA-2000 radar to the GPS solution. The research used measurement data from the GCA-2000 radar and the Thales MobileMapper Pro receiver placed onboard a Diamond DA-40NG aircraft. The flight experiment was carried out at the EPDE military airport in Dęblin. It was found that the average error in determining the position of the aircraft for the GCA-2000 radar was 295.57 m. Moreover, the average error in determining the range for the GCA-2000 radar is 138.12 m. Additionally, the average error in determining the azimuth for the GCA-2000 radar is equal to 0.408°.
DIAGNOSING FAULTS IN THE TIMING SYSTEM OF A PASSENGER CAR SPARK IGNITION ENGINE USING THE BAYES CLASSIFIER AND ENTROPY OF VIBRATION SIGNALS
Authors: CZECH Piotr
Published: August 2022

Today's systems for diagnosing the technical condition of machines, including vehicles, use very advanced methods of acquiring and processing input data. Presently, work is being conducted globally to solve related problems. At the moment, it is not yet possible to create a single procedure that would enable the construction of a properly functioning diagnostic system, regardless of the selected object to be diagnosed. Hence, there is a need to conduct further research into the possibility of using already developed methods, as well as their modification to other diagnostic cases. This article presents the results of research related to the use of the Bayes classifier for diagnosing the technical condition of passenger car engine components. Damage to the exhaust valve of a spark ignition engine was diagnosed. The source of information on the technical condition was vibration signals recorded at various measuring points and under different operating conditions of the car. To describe the nature of changes in the vibration signals, the entropy measures were determined for the decomposed signal using the discrete wavelet transform is proposed.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE WEIGHT AND QUALITY OF URBAN BUS TRANSPORT SERVICES: A CASE STUDY OF BAKU
Authors: DASHDAMIROV Fuad , JAVADLI Ulvi , VERDİYEV Turan
Published: August 2022

With the growth of the population and the expansion of the territory of large cities, certain difficulties arise in meeting the needs of passengers for transportation. This article studied the satisfaction of users with the city's public transport system, especially the bus transport. Thus, a survey was conducted among passengers in Baku to assess their satisfaction with public transport. The survey covered all districts of Baku in general. The study was conducted in October 2021. The questions were aimed at identifying the weight, reasons for preferring the different types of public transport, the level of satisfaction of the population with these types, assessing the quality of services and the lack of urban bus transport. The level of satisfaction of survey participants with the work of public transport by gender and age groups was determined. Subsequently, this study showed that most of the population movements are carried out by bus transport. The analysis revealed factors that reduce the quality of service on bus routes. In addition, it examined the reasons why the population chose the bus transport, the shortcomings of the bus transport, the effectiveness of dedicated bus lanes, and attitudes toward the use of alternative public transport. Summarily, this study was successful in identifying the shortcomings of public transport in the city, improving passenger service to increase passenger satisfaction toward attracting more people to public transport.
APPLICATION OF THE CSI METHOD TO TEST CONSUMER SATISFACTION: A CASE STUDY OF PETROL STATIONS
Authors: DUDZIAK Agnieszka , STOMA Monika , ZAJĄC Grzegorz
Published: August 2022

Conducting research on the quality of service and customer satisfaction is currently necessary for the proper and effective functioning of any organization. One of the organizations that have changed in recent years is petrol stations. In this paper, the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) is used to measure the quality of services and customer satisfaction. This research was carried out with the use of a proprietary questionnaire in which the respondents assessed the level of service at petrol stations. The obtained results allowed identifying the most important areas for the customers of petrol stations. In addition, the developed quality map indicated areas that should be given special attention, improved and those that are least important to customers. The conducted analyzes indicate that the CSI method used in this study is a tool that enables the assessment of customer satisfaction in a complex organization such as a petrol station.
THE MEMS-BASED BAROMETRIC ALTIMETER INACCURACY AND DRIFT PHENOMENON
Authors: MATYJA Tomasz , KUBIK Andrzej , STANIK Zbigniew
Published: August 2022

MEMS technology has made sensors for measuring barometric pressure and altitude above sea level very cheap and widely used in many consumer electronic devices. This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the sources and types of errors in the barometric altimeter using the standard atmosphere model (ISA). Methods for correcting principal errors caused by non-standard sea level conditions are described and compared. A method of correcting errors in the case of altimeter horizontal movement to the air column and total pressure measurement was proposed. It was compared with another method known from the literature. In the numerical experiment, data recorded by a bicycle computer equipped with a MEMS-based barometric altimeter was analyzed. As the GPS data of the route covered was also known, it was possible to compare the recorded altimeter data with the heights determined from the digital terrain model (DTM), which in this case were considered accurate. The error of the measured altitude calculated in this way was tried to be divided into the principal error, the external error caused by the sensor movement, and the barometer drift. Hence, a numerical experiment was carried out in which, based on the recorded data, an attempt was made to reconstruct non-standard sea level conditions and the impact of speed on the sensor measurements. Furthermore, a method of solving such a reverse problem was proposed. The results of the presented studies can be used in the design of systems correcting the indications of barometric altimeters. The accuracy of the altitude measurement is especially important for small controlled flying objects (UAH) and when recording the route of vehicles moving on the ground.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI LARUTAN MADU LEBAH BARAT (Apis mellifera) TERHADAP BAKTERI Porphyromonas gingivalis SECARA IN VITRO dengan METODE DILUSI AGAR
Authors: Dwisatya Ramadhani Adika , Rudhanton Rudhanton , Diah Diah , Sutanti Viranda
Published: August 2022

Periodontitis adalah peradangan pada jaringan pendukung gigi yang disebabkan oleh kelompok mikroorganisme tertentu salah satunya adalah bakteri Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, yang menyebabkan kerusakan ligamen periodontal dan tulang alveolar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan apakah ekstrak teh putih efektif menghambat pembentukan biofilm bakteri Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode dilusi tabung guna mendapatkan persentase efektif zona hambat pembentukan biofilm serta penentuan kuantitatif menggunakan program Adobe Photoshop CSS yakni Mean Gray Value. Konsentrasi ekstrak teh putih yang digunakan adalah 0%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, 10%, 12,5%. Dalam hal ini 0% sebagai kontrol. Pada konsentrasi 5% menunjukkan daya penghambatan pembentukan biofilm paling efektif. Analisis data menggunakan one way Anova menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada perubahan konsentrasi ekstrak teh putih (Camellia sinensis) terhadap zona hambat pembentukan biofilm pada Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (p<0,05). Uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang kuat dan arah positif yang menunjukkan semakin meningkatnya konsentrasi maka daya hambat pembentukan biofilm semakin efektif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak teh putih (Camellia sinensis) mempunyai efek sebagai penghambat pembentukan biofilm pada Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans secara in vitro.
EKSTRAK TEH PUTIH SEBAGAI PENGHAMBAT BIOFILM Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (IN VITRO)
Authors: Hilmi Mubarok Moch.Irfan , Rudhanton Rudhanton , Diah Diah , Septina Farihah
Published: August 2022

Periodontitis adalah peradangan pada jaringan pendukung gigi yang disebabkan oleh kelompokmikroorganisme tertentu salah satunya adalah bakteri Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, yangmenyebabkan kerusakan ligamen periodontal dan tulang alveolar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmembuktikan apakah ekstrak teh putih efektif menghambat pembentukan biofilm bakteriAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode dilusitabung guna mendapatkan persentase efektif zona hambat pembentukan biofilm serta penentuankuantitatif menggunakan program Adobe Photoshop CSS yakni Mean Gray Value. Konsentrasi ekstrakteh putih yang digunakan adalah 0%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, 10%, 12,5%. Dalam hal ini 0% sebagai kontrol.Pada konsentrasi 5% menunjukkan daya penghambatan pembentukan biofilm paling efektif. Analisisdata menggunakan one way Anova menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada perubahankonsentrasi ekstrak teh putih (Camellia sinensis) terhadap zona hambat pembentukan biofilm padaAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (p<0,05). Uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan adanyahubungan yang kuat dan arah positif yang menunjukkan semakin meningkatnya konsentrasi maka dayahambat pembentukan biofilm semakin efektif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak teh putih(Camellia sinensis) mempunyai efek sebagai penghambat pembentukan biofilm pada Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans secara in vitro.
PENGARUH KITOSAN UDANG KOMBINASI KOLAGEN GURAME TERHADAP KETEBALAN EPITEL GINGIVITIS
Authors: Shofiah Inas , Diah Diah
Published: August 2022

Latar Belakang: Gingivitis merupakan suatu inflamasi yang melibatkan jaringan lunak sekitar gigiyaitu jaringan gingiva. Penyembuhan pada gingivitis terdiri dari beberapa fase,salah satunya yaitureepitelisasi. Kitosan bermanfaat dalam proliferasi fibroblas sehingga reepitelisasi dan angiogenesisterjadi lebih cepat. Peran kolagen dalam penyembuhan luka dapat memicu sintesis diferensiasi sel danmigrasi seluler seperti keratinosit, epitelisasi. Tujuan: mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi topikal gel ekstrakkitosan cangkang udang putih (Litopenaeus vannamei) kombinasi ekstrak kolagen sisik gurame(Osphronemus goramy) pada ketebalan epitel tikus model gingivitis. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukanin vivo dengan desain Randomized Post Test Only Control Group Design yang dibagi 4 kelompok yaitukelompok kontrol negatif (K-(-)) dan kelompok yang diberi perlakuan induksi LPS bakteri Porphyromonsgingivalis dan aplikasi gel ekstrak kitosan udang kombinasi kolagen sisik ikan gurame (P1, P2, dan P3).Pada hari ke-22 dilakukan dekaputasi lalu dibuat sediaan preparat histologi dengan pewarnaan HE untukmengukur ketebalan epitel. Hasil: Analisis data menggunakan Kruskal Wallis menunjukan perbedaansignifikan dari ketebalan epitel antar kelompok. Uji Post Hoc Test menunjukan terdapat menunjukkanperbedaan bermakna antara kelompok K (-), P1, P2, dan P3. Kesimpulan: terdapat pengaruh aplikasitopikal gel ekstrak kitosan cangkang udang putih kombinasi ekstrak kolagen sisik ikan gurame terhadapketebalan epitel tikus model gingivitis.