bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Alat Peraga Induksi Elektromagnetik Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik
Authors: Yunita Isma , Ilyas Alinis
Published: July 2019

Abstract: The use of electromagnetic induction teaching aids is designed to create students who are active in the learning process so that they can improve their critical thinking skills. The ability to think critically is a reasonable and reflective thought that focuses on deciding what must be done. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using teaching aids on students' critical thinking skills. The type of research conducted in this study was a quasy experiment with a non equivalent control group design. The population in this study was class XII MA Mathla'u Anwar Gisting. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. With class XII IPA 1 as the experimental class and class XII IPA 2 as the control class. To measure the critical thinking skills of students, tests were carried out with 10 questions about essays and knowing the feasibility of using electromagnetic induction teaching aids can be done by observation. Furthermore, the data was tested using the normality, homogeneity, and T test. The results of the statistical tests showed a significant level <0.05, which means that H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. The results showed that there was effectiveness in using teaching aids on students' critical thinking skills in electromagnetic induction material.Abstrak: Penggunaan alat peraga induksi elektromagnetik dirancang untuk menciptakan peserta didik yang aktif didalam proses pembelajaran sehingga dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Kemampuan berpikir kritis merupakan sebuah pemikiran yang masuk akal dan reflektif yang berfokus untuk memutuskan apa yang mesti dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan alat peraga terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Jenis penelitian yang telah dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah quasy experiment dengan desain non equivalent control group. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah kelas XII MA Mathla’u Anwar Gisting. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Dengan kelas XII IPA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XII IPA 2 sebagai kelas kontrol. Untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik dilakukan tes dengan soal esay berjumlah 10 soal serta mengetahui keterlaksanaan dalam penggunaan alat peraga induksi elektromagnetik dapat dilakukan dengan observasi. Selanjutnya data di uji dengan menggunakan uji normalitas, homogenitas, dan uji T. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan taraf signifikan < 0,05 yang berarti H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat keefektivitasan penggunaan alat peraga terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi induksi elektromagnetik
Penerapan Pembelajaran Konseptual Interaktif Berbantuan Media Cmaptools untuk Meminimalkan Miskonsepsi
Authors: Muliani Desy Eka
Published: July 2019

Abstract: This study is aimed to comparative analysis of quantity of misconception, then student’s attitude scale after applying conceptual interactive learning with cmaptools media. This research used quasy experiment with Randomized Control Group Pretest-Posttest design and descriptive methods. The research sample was class X9 dan X10 semester 2 of Senior High Scool at Cimahi. Instruments that used were concept understanding test with CRI, observation form, student’s attitude scale form. Based on CRI analysis, the result were experiment class has more less misconception than control class. The result of student’s attitude scale was almost of all students agree that applying conceptual interactive learning with cmaptools media can motivate, gain concept understanding and can be applied for another concept in physicsAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbandingan kuantitas miskonsepsi, serta deskripsi skala sikap siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan quasy experiment dengan desain Randomized Control Group Pretest-Posttest dan metode deskriptif. Berdasarkan analisis CRI diperoleh kuantitas miskonsepsi pada kelas eksperimen lebih kecil dibanding kelas kontrol. Hasil skala sikap siswa menyatakan hampir seluruh siswa setuju bahwa pembelajaran konseptual interaktif berbantuan cmaptools dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep.
Scaffolding dalam Pembelajaran Fisika Berbasis Problem Based Instruction (PBL): Efeknya Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep dan Self Efficacy
Authors: Diani Rahma , Khotimah Husnul , Khasanah Uswatun , Syarlisjiswan Muhammad Ridho
Published: July 2019

Abstract: In physics learning a learning is needed which in addition to increasing understanding of concepts can also improve students' self-efficacy, one by one using the PBL model with scaffolding. With scaffolding, educators can provide assistance in stages to students who experience difficulties in learning. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of PBL-based physics learning and scaffolding on understanding concepts and self efficacy. This type of research is the Quasy experiment using a non equivalent control group design. The research was conducted at one of the high schools in Bandar Lampung. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The instrument used to measure understanding of the concept is a three-tier diagnostic test consisting of 10 questions, while the instrument for measuring self-efficacy is the observation sheet. From this study, the results showed that PBL-based physics learning with scaffolding was effective against the understanding of concepts and the self-efficacy of students. The value of the effect size obtained is 1.29 with a high category.Abstrak: Dalam pembelajaran fisika dibutuhkan suatu pembelajaran yang selain dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep juga dapat meningkatkan self efficacy peserta didik, salah satungan dengan menggunakan model PBL dengan scaffolding. Dengan scaffolding,  pendidik dapat memberikan bantuan secara bertahap kepada peserta didik yang mengalami kesulitan dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek dari pembelajaran fisika berbasis PBL dengan scaffolding terhadap pemahaman konsep dan self efficacy. Jenis penelitian adalah Quasy experiment menggunakan desain non equivalent control group. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada salah satu SMA di Bandar Lampung. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur pemahaman konsep adalah three-tier test diagnostic yang terdiri atas 10 soal, sedangkan instrumen untuk mengukur self efficacy adalah lembar observasi.  Dari penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa pembelajaran fisika berbasis PBL dengan scaffolding efektif terhadap pemahaman konsep serta self efficacy peserta didik. Nilai effect size yang diperoleh adalah 1,29 dengan kategori tinggi
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Novick Berbantuan LKPD Terhadap Kemampuan Kognitif Peserta Didik
Authors: Nurhayati Iis , Yusandika Ajo Dian , Basyar Syarifudin , Anjelinar Yuwana
Published: July 2019

Abstract: This study aims to determine wether there is an influence of the learning model Novick assist LKPD on the cognitive abilities of students in class VIII of SMP IT Baitun Nur Central Lampung on motion and style material. The method used is a quantitative method in the form of quasi experimental design with nonequivalent control group design. To determine the cognitive abilities of student and the control class, the Mann Whitney Test was conducted on the SPSS 23.0 program. The result of data analysis show sig values. (2-tailed) of 0.00 which means the value of sig. (2-tailed) < 0.05, which means that the average posttest of the control class is not the same as the average posttest of the experimental class. Thus, it is accepted or there is a difference in the average score of the posttest cognitive abilities of students in the experimental class higher than the average posttest cognitive abilities of student in the control class. Abstrak:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Novick berbantuan LKPD terhadap kemampuan kognitif peserta didik kelas VIII SMP IT Baitun Nur Punggur Lampung Tengah pada materi gerak dan gaya.Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif berupa penelitian quasi experimental design dengan desain nonequivalent control group design. Untuk mengetahui kemampuan kognitif peserta didik kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol dilakukan uji Mann Whitney Test pada program SPSS 23.0. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan nilai sig. (2-tailed)sebesar 0,00 yang berarti nilai sig. (2-tailed)< 0,05 yang artinya rata-rata posttest kelas kontrol tidak sama dengan rata-rata posttest kelas eksperimen. Sehingga,  diterima atau terdapat perbedaan nilai rata-rata posttest kemampuan kognitif peserta didik pada kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dari rata-rata posttest kemampuan kognitif peserta didik pada kelas kontrol.
Meteor dalam Perspektif Al-Qur'an dan Sains
Authors: Imron Muhammad Al , Sodikin Sodikin , Romlah Romlah
Published: July 2019

Abstract:This study aims to determine the substance of the meteor and the efforts that must be made if the meteor threat actually occurs. This study uses qualitative research type library (Library Research). Researchers as human instruments must have extensive insight to find and determine data sources, both primary and secondary, and then collect these data using reading, documentation and observation techniques. The data analysis technique uses the Milles and Huberman model techniques. Based on the results of the research, it can be found that the substance of the meteor has several benefits, namely as a guardian of the sky, as the forerunner of the existence of water on earth, as the forerunner to the existence of iron on earth, and some disasters on the extinction of dinosaurs and other earth creatures.Abstrak:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui substansi dari meteor serta upaya yang harus dilakukan apabila ancaman meteor benar-benar terjadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif jenis pustaka (Library Research).Peneliti sebagai human instrument harus memiliki wawasan yang luas untuk mencari dan menentukan sumber data, baik primer maupun sekunder kemudian mengumpulkan data-data tersebut dengan menggunakan teknik membaca, dokumentasi dan observasi.Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik model Milles dan Huberman. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat ditemuakan bahwa substansi dari adanya meteor memiliki beberapa manfaat yaitu sebagai penjaga langit, sebagai cikal bakal adanya air di bumi, sebagai cikal bakal adanya besi di bumi, dan beberapa bencanadi bumi yaitu sebagai penyebab punahnya dinosaurus dan makhluk bumi lainnya
Kontribusi Madrasah Aliyah dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Lulusan Berbasis Bimbingan Akademik (Studi Deskriptif Pada Mak Ponpes Al-Islam Kemuja)
Authors: Wahyudi Wahyudi
Published: July 2019

He took this problem based on the consideration that there were many educated unemployed workers, especially high schools and equals. This in turn will negatively affect the future of education which is not only a skilled and competitive generation of printing vehicles. This research specifically aims to determine the contribution of Islamic Religious Department of Al-Islam Islamic Boarding School in improving the quality of graduates, namely about readiness in optimizing all potential students to develop, thus providing an ideal guarantee for their future when entering the workforce. Data collection is mainly carried out through in-depth interviews (in-depth interviews), documentation (documentation) and reinforced by participant observation. Furthermore, the collected data is collided with relevant theories in order to obtain a complete picture of the objective conditions. The results of this study indicate that the contribution of Madrasah Aliyah Department of Religion Al-Islam Kemuja in improving the quality of graduates is by improving the quality of employment, understanding of students, improving academic achievement of students through religious majors and extracurricular programs and evaluating student learning outcomes
Konseling Logoterapi dalam Penetapan Tujuan Hidup Remaja Broken Home
Authors: Jayanti Nurani
Published: July 2019

This paper aims to reveal how logotherapy counseling in setting adolescent life goals is broken home, by having a meaningful life humans will find a directed life process, logotherapy counseling invites clients to understand the wisdom of each problem from the beginning of the counseling process. The method used is library research. It can be seen that with 4 steps logotherapy counseling is the stage of forming and fostering rapport, the stage of disclosure and assessment of problems, the stage of joint discussion, and the stages of evaluation and conclusion. The results obtained from the research data sources are that logotherapy counseling can help clients determine their life goals, clients who face fearsome difficulties or are in conditions that do not allow them to move and creativity are helped to find the meaning of their life in how they deal with these conditions and how his suffering. Logotherapy counseling teaches clients to see the positive value of suffering and provides an opportunity to feel grateful for the suffering and problems being experienced by the client
SYSTEM OF FORMALIZED MODELS OF PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT OF COMMERCIAL BANK PROJECTS
Authors: Usmanova Zlata Arturovna
Published: July 2019

The article considers the task of building a system of models for managing a portfolio of projects of a commercial bank. A detailed description of the adopted formalization of the portfolio of a commercial bank projects is given. The methods of intelligent support for making management decisions in the formation of the commercial bank project portfolio are considered. The structure and interrelations of projects in the portfolio are determined. A comprehensive assessment of banking projects using an artificial neural network apparatus has been carried out. The peculiarities of building the order of banking projects using game theory methods, including multicriterion nature and interrelations between individual banking projects, the synergistic effect of their joint implementation are revealed. As a result of calculations, an optimal solution of a cooperative game was obtained, representing the sequence in which banking projects will be included in the portfolio. A modeling algorithm and a simulation model for forming a portfolio of projects of a commercial bank are built.
APPLICATION OF DATA DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM IN MANAGEMENT AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL
Authors: Averchenkova Elena Eduardovna , Leonov Evgeniy Alekseevich , Averchenkov Andrej Vladimirovich
Published: July 2019

The article considers the process of making management decisions at the regional level involving the decision support system (DSS) “DATA”. The software package can be used in the management process at different stages. It contains a comprehensive information base, which allows the managers of a regional government to make a comprehensive analysis of the management situation. Also, using DATA DSS will allow forming alternative management decisions, as well as providing a choice of management decisions from possible alternatives based on the relevant criteria. The number of possible alternative management decisions and the criteria for their selection will be different for the lower, middle and top management of the regional government, so the automated program has the ability to change the criteria for listing recommended measures. The knowledge base of the software complex contains many relevant activities. The architecture of DATA DSS for application in the regional management structures. It contains a number of modules for intermediate calculations and user interfaces. Each module has its own software, which allows to separate the functions, provides flexibility to expand the functionality of the system and security of data access. It has been stated that the heads at different levels of the regional authorities can use DATA DSS at various stages of the management decision-making process. Automation of decision-making support allows optimizing management activities and is a high-performance alternative to decisions made on the basis of traditional methods by manager's intuition or the common sense principle.
A irreverência poética de Arquílogo
Authors: Pessanha Nely Maria
Published: July 2019

Pretende-se demonstrar que a poesia de Arquíloco de Paros, embora se revele herdeira da tradição poética anterior e apresente muitos aspectos comuns com a floração poética da Grécia arcaica, dela se distancia na medida em que não elege como principal eixo temático a celebração dos grandes feitos divinos e humanos. Um novo fazer poético instaura-se, então: ao épainos substitui o psógos, que além de expressão do vitupério, abrange também o campo semântico do geloíon, conforme propõe Bakhtin. Analisam-se, à guisa de exemplo, os fragmentos 101W, 114W, 125W e 133W.
Retóricas de la teatralidad en Plauto y Terencio
Authors: Rabaza Beatriz , Pricco Aldo , Maiorana Dario , Perez Liliana
Published: July 2019

As diferenças entre a literatura dramática de Plauto e aquela de Terêncio têm sido tratadas, e resultam óbvias muitas das referências dessa possível dicotomia que se constrói partindo do traço comum do efeito cômico. No entanto, nesse trabalho intentamos dar conta das mencionadas divergências, de uma perspectiva de inserção com uma mesma prática: a Retórica. As duas teatralidades, baseadas em um mesmo programa retórico, caracterizam uma relação entre ostentação e evidência-recepção distinta e precisa: enquanto em Plauto os processos empáticos próprios do discurso dramático fazem impacto no corpo social e seu dinamismo, nos textos terencianos os mesmos processos tendem a postular uma poética particular, uma revalorização do trabalho do escritor (poeta).
A caricatura gráfica e o ethos popular em Pompéia
Authors: Funari Pedro Paulo Abreu
Published: July 2019

A partir do popular e do satírico, busca-se a definição do ethos popular em Pompéia. Parte-se de uma análise da cultura popular na sociedade antiga, ressaltando-se a sátira e a caricatura como formas expressivas especificamente populares. O simbolismo estilístico presente no grafismo parietal pompeiano é estudado em contraposiçáo às expressões eruditas (carmina figurata). Caracteriza-se o sistema sócio-semiótico das caricaturas pompeianas chegando-se à especificidade do ethos popular.
Equívocos nos estudos latinos
Authors: Bruno Haroldo
Published: July 2019

Sob a perspectiva de que o latim é uma língua viva (do passado) e após reflexões de caráter linguístico que orientam o trabalho, procuram-se apresentar algumas soluções linguísticas para o ensino de latim.
Gandavo e os Clássicos: entre mimese e imitatio
Authors: Bacamarte Marcus
Published: July 2019

Este artigo apresenta uma relação entre a crônica dos descobrimentos no século XVI, e a tradução clássica, a partir da obra de Pero de Magalhães Gandavo. Seguindo o percurso da mimese, na cultura grega, e sua posterior redução a imitatio a partir da cultura romana e especialmente no século XVI, procura-se apreender as relações entre história e ficção e o papel do desejo como intérprete na compreensão européia da América.
Prolonged muscle inactivity and evaluation of peripheral neuromuscular features in patients hospitalized in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Elesnitsalis George , Amiridis Ioannis , Patikas Dimitrios , Vekili Ioanna , Vourvou Maria
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Polyneuromyopathy constitutes a common complication in critically ill patients of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and in the last few years it appears to be identified as a syndrome detectable in the limbs and respiratory muscles. It is associated with the difficulties during weaning from mechanical ventilation.
Aim: The present study investigates the reflective reaction of the soleus muscle following an electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve in intubated critically ill patients hospitalized in ICU with no medical history prior to their admission.
Methods: Thirteen (13) patients who had been hospitalized for more than five (5) days and had a high APACHE II score (>15) and 13 age-matched control subjects were asked to participate in the present study on a volunteer basis. During the study, as reflective response parameters the range of the H-reflex and M-wave of the soleus muscle, as well as the conduction velocity of the tibial nerve, after electro-stimulation of the tibial nerve at the popliteal-fossa level, were assessed
Results: Statistical analysis revealed significantly lower values in the ICU patients compared to healthy controls in both H-reflex range (p<0,049) and the M-wave range (p<0,041), as well as conduction velocity (p<0,001) of the tibial nerve.
Conclusions: It is concluded that the reflective response of the soleus muscle as well as the tibial nerve’s conduction velocity are affected in critically ill patients hospitalized in ICU. The study of the above neurological parameters can provide further insights into the establishment and progress of polyneuromyopathy of critically ill patients in ICUs.
Invertible Operators on Banach Spaces
Authors: Nakasho Kazuhisa
Published: July 2019

In this article, using the Mizar system [2], [1], we discuss invertible operators on Banach spaces. In the first chapter, we formalized the theorem that denotes any operators that are close enough to an invertible operator are also invertible by using the property of Neumann series.

In the second chapter, we formalized the continuity of an isomorphism that maps an invertible operator on Banach spaces to its inverse. These results are used in the proof of the implicit function theorem. We referred to [3], [10], [6], [7] in this formalization.
Implicit Function Theorem. Part II
Authors: Nakasho Kazuhisa , Shidama Yasunari
Published: July 2019

In this article, we formalize differentiability of implicit function theorem in the Mizar system [3], [1]. In the first half section, properties of Lipschitz continuous linear operators are discussed. Some norm properties of a direct sum decomposition of Lipschitz continuous linear operator are mentioned here.

In the last half section, differentiability of implicit function in implicit function theorem is formalized. The existence and uniqueness of implicit function in [6] is cited. We referred to [10], [11], and [2] in the formalization.
On Monomorphisms and Subfields
Authors: Schwarzweller Christoph
Published: July 2019

This is the second part of a four-article series containing a Mizar [2], [1] formalization of Kronecker’s construction about roots of polynomials in field extensions, i.e. that for every field F and every polynomial p ∈ F [X]\F there exists a field extension E of F such that p has a root over E. The formalization follows Kronecker’s classical proof using F [X]/
 as the desired field extension E [5], [3], [4].

In the first part we show that an irreducible polynomial p ∈ F [X]\F has a root over F [X]/
. Note, however, that this statement cannot be true in a rigid formal sense: We do not have F ⊆ [X]/ < p > as sets, so F is not a subfield of F [X]/
, and hence formally p is not even a polynomial over F [X]/ < p >. Consequently, we translate p along the canonical monomorphism ϕ : F → F [X]/
 and show that the translated polynomial ϕ (p) has a root over F [X]/
.

Because F is not a subfield of F [X]/
 we construct in this second part the field (E \ ϕF )∪F for a given monomorphism ϕ : F → E and show that this field both is isomorphic to F and includes F as a subfield. In the literature this part of the proof usually consists of saying that “one can identify F with its image ϕF in F [X]/
 and therefore consider F as a subfield of F [X]/
”. Interestingly, to do so we need to assume that F ∩ E = ∅, in particular Kronecker’s construction can be formalized for fields F with F ∩ F [X] = ∅.

Surprisingly, as we show in the third part, this condition is not automatically true for arbitray fields F : With the exception of 𝕑2 we construct for every field F an isomorphic copy F′ of F with F′ ∩ F′ [X] ≠ ∅. We also prove that for Mizar’s representations of 𝕑n, 𝕈 and 𝕉 we have 𝕑n ∩ 𝕑n[X] = ∅, 𝕈 ∩ 𝕈 [X] = ∅ and 𝕉 ∩ 𝕉 [X] = ∅, respectively.

In the fourth part we finally define field extensions: E is a field extension of F iff F is a subfield of E. Note, that in this case we have F ⊆ E as sets, and thus a polynomial p over F is also a polynomial over E. We then apply the construction of the second part to F [X]/
 with the canonical monomorphism ϕ : F → F [X]/
. Together with the first part this gives - for fields F with F ∩ F [X] = ∅ - a field extension E of F in which p ∈ F [X]\F has a root.
Partial Correctness of a Factorial Algorithm
Authors: Jaszczak Adrian , Korniłowicz Artur
Published: July 2019

In this paper we present a formalization in the Mizar system [3],[1] of the partial correctness of the algorithm:

i := val.1
j := val.2
n := val.3
s := val.4
while (i <> n)
i := i + j
s := s * i
return s

computing the factorial of given natural number n, where variables i, n, s are located as values of a V-valued Function, loc, as: loc/.1 = i, loc/.3 = n and loc/.4 = s, and the constant 1 is located in the location loc/.2 = j (set V represents simple names of considered nominative data [16]).

This work continues a formal verification of algorithms written in terms of simple-named complex-valued nominative data [6],[8],[14],[10],[11],[12]. The validity of the algorithm is presented in terms of semantic Floyd-Hoare triples over such data [9]. Proofs of the correctness are based on an inference system for an extended Floyd-Hoare logic [2],[4] with partial pre- and post-conditions [13],[15],[7],[5].
Partial Correctness of a Power Algorithm
Authors: Jaszczak Adrian
Published: July 2019

This work continues a formal verification of algorithms written in terms of simple-named complex-valued nominative data [6],[8],[15],[11],[12],[13]. In this paper we present a formalization in the Mizar system [3],[1] of the partial correctness of the algorithm:

i := val.1
j := val.2
b := val.3
n := val.4
s := val.5
while (i <> n)
i := i + j
s := s * b
return s

computing the natural n power of given complex number b, where variables i, b, n, s are located as values of a V-valued Function, loc, as: loc/.1 = i, loc/.3 = b, loc/.4 = n and loc/.5 = s, and the constant 1 is located in the location loc/.2 = j (set V represents simple names of considered nominative data [17]).

The validity of the algorithm is presented in terms of semantic Floyd-Hoare triples over such data [9]. Proofs of the correctness are based on an inference system for an extended Floyd-Hoare logic [2],[4] with partial pre- and post-conditions [14],[16],[7],[5].
Diophantine Sets. Part II
Authors: Pąk Karol
Published: July 2019

The article is the next in a series aiming to formalize the MDPR-theorem using the Mizar proof assistant [3], [6], [4]. We analyze four equations from the Diophantine standpoint that are crucial in the bounded quantifier theorem, that is used in one of the approaches to solve the problem.

Based on our previous work [1], we prove that the value of a given binomial coefficient and factorial can be determined by its arguments in a Diophantine way. Then we prove that two products

z
=

∏

i
=
1

x

(

1
+
i
⋅
y

)

,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

z
=

∏

i
=
1

x

(

y
+
1
-
j

)

,
 
 
 
 
 
 
(
0.1
)

$$z = \prod\limits_{i = 1}^x {\left( {1 + i \cdot y} \right),\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,} z = \prod\limits_{i = 1}^x {\left( {y + 1 - j} \right),\,\,\,\,\,\,(0.1)} $$

where y > x are Diophantine.

The formalization follows [10], Z. Adamowicz, P. Zbierski [2] as well as M. Davis [5].
Formalization of the MRDP Theorem in the Mizar System
Authors: Pąk Karol
Published: July 2019

This article is the final step of our attempts to formalize the negative solution of Hilbert’s tenth problem.

In our approach, we work with the Pell’s Equation defined in [2]. We analyzed this equation in the general case to show its solvability as well as the cardinality and shape of all possible solutions. Then we focus on a special case of the equation, which has the form x
2
− (a
2 − 1)y
2 = 1 [8] and its solutions considered as two sequences

{

x

i

(
a
)

}

i
=
0

∞

,

{

y

i

(
a
)

}

i
=
0

∞

$\left\{ {{x_i}(a)} \right\}_{i = 0}^\infty ,\left\{ {{y_i}(a)} \right\}_{i = 0}^\infty$

. We showed in [1] that the n-th element of these sequences can be obtained from lists of several basic Diophantine relations as linear equations, finite products, congruences and inequalities, or more precisely that the equation x = y
i(a) is Diophantine. Following the post-Matiyasevich results we show that the equality determined by the value of the power function y = x
z is Diophantine, and analogously property in cases of the binomial coe cient, factorial and several product [9].

In this article, we combine analyzed so far Diophantine relation using conjunctions, alternatives as well as substitution to prove the bounded quantifier theorem. Based on this theorem we prove MDPR-theorem that every recursively enumerable set is Diophantine, where recursively enumerable sets have been defined by the Martin Davis normal form.

The formalization by means of Mizar system [5], [7], [4] follows [10], Z. Adamowicz, P. Zbierski [3] as well as M. Davis [6].
Dry grasslands of the central valleys of the Alps from a European perspective: the example of Ausserberg (Valais, Switzerland)
Authors: Dengler Jürgen , Widmer Stefan , Staubli Eline , Babbi Manuel , Gehler Jamyra , Hepenstrick Daniel , Bergamini Ariel , Billeter Regula , Boch Steffen , Rohrer Sven , Dembicz Iwona
Published: July 2019

The upper Rhone valley in the Swiss canton of Valais is one of the driest and most continental of the inner-alpine valleys and harbours a rich xerothermic flora. We studied syntaxonomy and ecology of dry grasslands and their species richness patterns. In 2018 we recorded 28 vegetation plots (10 m2) and three nested-plot series of 0.0001 to 100 m2 on the south-facing slopes above the village of Ausserberg. Mean richness of all species ranged from 1.7 on 1 cm2 to 47.3 on 100 m2, with little contribution of bryophytes and lichens. The species-area relationship for total richness closely followed a power function. Modified TWINSPAN yielded a three-cluster solution, which could easily be matched with three orders of the class Festuco-Brometea: Stipo pulcherrimae-Festucetalia pallentis (xeric, rocky), Festucetalia valesiacae (xeric, non-rocky) and Brachypodietalia pinnati (meso-xeric). The subdivision of the xeric types into two orders is new for Swiss dry grasslands, where these types up to now had been joined in a single alliance Stipo-Poion within the Festucetalia valesiacae.
Conservation and diversity of Palaearctic grasslands – Editorial to the 5th EDGG special issue in Hacquetia
Authors: Valkó Orsolya , Labadessa Rocco , Palpurina Salza , Burrascano Sabina , Ushimaru Atushi , Venn Stephen
Published: July 2019

Palaearctic grasslands are diverse and dynamic ecosystems that are in the focus of ecology, conservation biology and agronomy. This special issue is dedicated to the biodiversity and conservation issues of Palaearctic grasslands and was initiated by the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group members attending the 14th Eurasian Dry Grassland Conference (EDGC) at Sulmona, Italy in 2018. The papers in this special issue cover a wide range of grassland ecosystems from mountain dry grasslands to lowland loess grasslands, feathergrass steppes and wet grasslands, and focus on the biodiversity values and conservation issues of Palaearctic grasslands. We believe that this compilation will contribute to a better understanding of the ecology of grasslands and support their more effective conservation.
Russian Arctic Sector Boundaries: The International Issues of Legal Regime in the Arctic Region
Authors: Shvelidze Sofiya
Published: July 2019

Research purpose. The regime of maritime spaces as a general rule ‘is determined by the principles and norms of international law relating to the oceans and enshrined in the Geneva Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1958 and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982(UNCLOS). However, the issue is that UNCLOS practically does not fix any special regime on the Arctic, bearing in mind that the use of the Arctic spaces is rather effectively regulated at the national levels. Arctic issues in this regard lacked in-depth analysis, and no attempts to develop specific norms and approaches with regard to the Arctic region were made, with the exception of Article 234 of UNCLOS, which is related to the right of the coastal States to ‘regulate navigation’ in its Exclusive Economic Zones. The purpose of the current research is to analyse how far a State may go in the process of establishment of the laws and regulations while exercising the right granted by Article 234, with the particular focus made on the position taken by the Russian Federation.

Design / Methodology / Approach. In order to achieve the aims of the research, a descriptive method was chosen as the method for clarification on the legal regime currently applicable in the Russian Arctic Sector, in particular supported by the dogmatic method, in order to understand and explain the position taken by the legislative bodies.

Findings. The result of the research is the attempts to satisfy how having interests and stakes in the region of high overall salience contributes to prioritization by Russian Federation of its rights over the region by restrictions imposed on the navigational freedoms granted to the States by UNCLOS. Additionally, suggestions are made in respect of the possible solutions necessary in order to strike a balance between national interests of the Arctic States and rights of others States to access the area without causing any harm to the environment and security of the region.
On Mate Choice in two Xerophilic Species of Land Snails, Brephulopsis cylindrica (Pulmonata, Enidae) and Xeropicta derbentina (Pulmonata, Hygromiidae)
Authors: Kramarenko S. S. , Kramarenko A. S.
Published: July 2019

The cases of assortative mating are known in varied species of Gastropoda, however it is unclear how widely distributed this reproductive strategy is across the class. The data concerning land snails (Stylommatophora) are especially contradictory. By using two model species of stylommatophoran mollusks, Brephulopsis cylindrica (Menke, 1828) and Xeropicta derbentina (Krynicki, 1836), we conducted a long-term observation of their copulatory behavior in Southern Ukraine. In X. derbentina, a clear pattern of the positive assortative mating with respect to body size was found, whereas assortative mating in relation to shell banding polymorphism was revealed in 2 cases out of 7. B. cylindrica snails copulate with any available mate partner, regardless of its size.
Plugging into Infrastructures with Happy Plugs Headphones
Authors: Oreamuno Sebastian Ignacio
Published: July 2019

Happy Plugs headphones are a global object—they are designed in Sweden, manufactured in China, and exported to various countries the world over. Through the slogan “What color are you today?®” the Swedish company Happy Plugs frames the headphones within an economic infrastructure that is centred on ideologies about individualism and practices of constructing one’s identity. Through this marketing strategy, vision becomes the primary sense that provokes the product’s purchase and over-consumption; sound becomes secondary to style, function becomes eclipsed by fashion. As such, the headphones shift from being a means to an end (accessibility to music/sound) to becoming an end in itself (a visual commodity). Furthermore, potential growth for the company is tied up with their ability to produce a piece of technology that heavily depends on its allure as an accessory. Yet, alongside being an accessory, headphones are also protective prosthetics. As a kind of “Do Not Disturb” sign, headphones can offer some people, often women, a sense of temporary security in public. Happy Plugs headphones are not just an object with which we can access the music in mp3 players and smartphones, they also help us plug into myriad infrastructures.
Imploding the Diagnostic Statistical Manual
Authors: Vesely Leslie Marie
Published: July 2019

The Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) is widely used across North America. Established by the American Psychiatric Association, it was created to help mental health practitioners give clear cut diagnoses of mental illness (Kirk and Kutchins 1992; Mayers and Horwitz 2005). However, the DSM is not merely a tool used for diagnostic purposes. Currently on its fifth volume, the DSM is an active agent that helps legitimize and define psychiatry—a legitimizing force that is exasperated by its entanglement in many social institutions in North America. The DSM influences the boundaries and meanings of mental illness categories (Kirk and Kutchins 1992). It grants some people “legitimate” access to resources, while delegitimizing others (Fassin and Rechtman 2009). It shapes how people exist in the world and understand their reality (Mayers and Horwitz 2005). However, the DSM is also shaped and (re)produced by society. The meanings of mental illness as outlined in the DSM are challenged, resisted, and shaped by the very people placed into these categories. This research paper argues that the DSM is more than an object; it is a dynamic and active agent that exists in the world in many ways.
My Peruvian museum
Authors: Chendke Priya
Published: July 2019

So much has constituted Peru’s history in the past and continues to “make history” (and headlines) today; however, not all of these events/people/thing/moments-in-time are necessarily given a sufficient amount (if any) attention and credit in ‘official’ Peruvian museums, in school curriculums, in major national advertisement campaigns attracting both foreign and domestic tourists, or in itineraries of popular tours offered by Peruvian tour operators. Even though many of the exhibits in My Peruvian Museum follow feature quintessential and iconic Peruvian commodities (from llamas to Paddington Bear to poverty), they are represented in unusual and refreshing ways which points to how paying attention to these affects can be both productive and enriching. These exhibits attempt to pay attention to gaps in the well-known Peruvian narrative and therefore challenge what other museums usually portray as a seamless history of the Peruvian nation.
Star parties
Authors: Slobodian Rayna
Published: July 2019

The subculture of star party attendees has rarely been addressed within anthropology. Through an ethnographic approach, this paper explores the customs and motivations of those who skywatch at star party gatherings. Some factors that motivate people to attend these gatherings include the sharing of technology, camaraderie, scientific learning, environmental advocacy, and emotional connections with the universe itself. Additionally, digital versus physical spaces are explored and contrasted. More broadly, this paper looks at possible reasons for the popularity of astronomy within our culture today.
Eating politically
Authors: Malenfant Jayne
Published: July 2019

This paper aims to demonstrate how the organization Food Not Bombs fits into a history of counter cultural food movements, especially through focusing on multiple political aims and the building of community through mutual food production and consumption. Through speaking with members who fill multiple roles within the Ontario chapters of the movement, I explore how various issues around the commodification of food, meat consumption, and activism inform how these individuals conceptualize their ‘food activism.’
Mindfulness and Reverence in Peace Building
Authors: Rajagopalan Daksha Madhu
Published: July 2019

This is an exploration of Buddhist mindfulness as a means of conflict resolution and peace building. Drawing on monks’ efforts in post-genocide Cambodia as its case study and inspiration, this essay considers firstly, traditional environmental security conflict theories and secondly, Batesonian purposive-consciousness. Given the limitations of both these approaches in articulating the Khmer case, a theoretical framework for Buddhist mindfulness as peace building is called for. Mindfulness is explored by examining legal notions of “standing” as an alternative mode of theorizing conflict and peace. Reverence and the sacred are explained as key concepts in effective peace building, particularly through the examples of tree-ordinations and peace marches. Given that, at the heart of this enquiry, lies the deeper question of how we can live more peacefully and less violently on this earth, connections are drawn to environmental issues and to anthropology’s nature-culture paradigm. The conclusion is that at the heart of conflict lies a dichotomous world-view, and at the heart of peace building is not the erasure of this dichotomy but, more importantly, the practice of reverence.
The Abnormalcy of Everyday Life
Authors: Golubovic Jelena
Published: July 2019

This article explores how the eastward expansion of the European Union (EU) affects the lives and identities of youth in Belgrade, Serbia, a post-socialist, post-conflict, non-EU country. This study involved qualitative interviews with 17 participants (university students) aged 20 to 30, a generation that grew up during the 1990s when the Yugoslav secession wars left Serbia isolated from western Europe politically and economically. I explore how urban, educated, Serbian youth mark themselves as European relative to other segments of Serbian society and through this positioning disassociate themselves from responsibility for the violence and instability of the 1990s. Using the lens of abnormalcy discourse in post-conflict and post-socialist settings, I also consider the tension between belonging and exclusion that marks the experience of growing up in the shadow of the 1990s.
Cancer, Appearance, and Identity
Authors: Homewood Christabel
Published: July 2019

This article examines the relationship between cancer, appearance, and sense of self. Through engagement with participants who have had cancer I will explore how the physical impact of the disease and treatment on the body affects women’s identity. I utilize interviews, photo-elicitation, and personal narratives as my primary methods. This research contributes to a greater understanding of the embodied experience of cancer and the influence of bodily changes on identity.
A Nation in Transition
Authors: Buchan Stephanie
Published: July 2019

This paper aims to explore how the political and economic crisis in Greece has affected the social lives of young adults in Athens, paying particular attention to their position regarding relationships, marriage, and starting families. My aim in the outcome of this ethnography is to provide a greater understanding of the intersections of state and social life in periods of political and economic uncertainty as witnessed through the daily lives of my research participants.
A Critique of the ‘Paleo Diet’
Authors: Reeves Ashley
Published: July 2019

Relatively little has been written about the social, economic and political dynamics and relationships that are engendered through Paleo culture. Examining the tensions within and between the ‘Paleo Diet’ principles and practices reveals the application of a technical solution to a structural problem: power dynamics created at an individual and group level by the Paleo culture reveals an emergent food classism rooted in socio-economic and racialized inequalities. Participation in and adherence to the Paleo lifestyle (or the inability to do so) creates particular types of social subjects and subjectivities based on the implicit moralization of food and consumption practices. While the Paleo Diet reflects millenarian apprehensions about the state of the contemporary world and concerns with global food quality and food insecurity, it is dependent on and exacerbates the socio-economic dynamics and marginalizing practices of a global food regime that it seeks to critique and abandon.
“Man Eaters”
Authors: Artz Kendall
Published: July 2019

The stuffed “man-eating” lions of Tsavo, Kenya are one of the Field Museum of Natural History’s most popular exhibits. However, in Kenyan museums the story of the lions is nowhere to be found. The narrative of these “man-eaters” (who ate over 100 people) and the heroism of the British soldier who killed the lions and rescued the railway seems to be primarily a Western construction. This story of the modernity of a British railroad held up by a savage wilderness intrigues audiences even today. I will discuss how that story plays into the popular belief of a wild, but conquerable, Africa.
Erisian Mysteries
Authors: Squires Katelyn
Published: July 2019

This article is guided by the central question: how have the anarchists and residents of Exarcheia in Athens, Greece, manifested, both spatially and socially, forms of resistance to the state in the face of austerity and following the 2008 December riots? Based on ethnographic fieldwork in the anarchist neighbourhood of Exarcheia, located in Athens, this article investigates how anarchist dissent and solidarity have manifested spatially through grassroots organizing, solidarity networks, spatial forms of resistance and other infrastructures of dissent.
Borderland, Maquilas, and Feminicide
Authors: Alilovic Lea
Published: July 2019

The rise of maquiladoras, or foreign owned manufacturing plants, in Mexico during the 1970s and 80s symbolizes the social and economic tension of the Mexican–United States borderland. With the implementation of agreements like the Border Industrialization Program (1965) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (1994) that created and supported the transfer of capital and goods between Mexico and the United States, such policies simultaneously limited the movement of people across the border. By the 1990s, growing disparities between the U.S. and Mexico became evident with the mass movement of Mexican economic migrants to the north and the growth of shanty towns south of the border. Women migrants and labourers in particular faced extremely vulnerable positions in the region due to their precarious work and living conditions, substantiated by the paralleling disappearance, kidnapping, and mutilation of women in the borderlands. This article mobilizes Ursula Biemann’s (1999) work on women’s positionality in Mexico to situate their experiences and agency in Mexico’s border town, Ciudad Juarez, within contexts of prevailing feminicide. Ultimately, in engaging in the discussion of the role of what Melissa Wright (2006) calls women’s disposability in the borderlands, this essay will explore why transnational and migrant labour is often overlooked and exploited by policy, leaving women labourers particularly susceptible to such violence.
The Biopolitics of Prenatal Diagnosis
Authors: Vesely Leslie Marie
Published: July 2019

This article critically examines the definition of “health” in Western epistemology and its link to the use and development of prenatal testing. Biopolitics and biocapital are explored when discussing the malleability of the definition of “health.” This article argues that the equation of “health” with able and productive bodies is naturalized in society and seen as stagnant because of a scientific claim to detached objectivity. This article suggests that this definition of “health” aids in creating, reproducing and supporting a capitalist, neoliberal governmental regime in Canada by focusing on the productivity of bodies, which fosters some lives and hinders others. This article considers the effect this definition of “health” has on the public and questions why prenatal diagnosis continues to gain so much popularity. Importantly, it questions who this technology benefits.