bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WASTEWATER SLUDGE USE AS A COMPOSITION OF SOILS FOR DISTURBED LANDS RECLAMATION IN THE FAR NORTH CONDITIONS
Authors: Sannikova Natal'ya , Shulepova Ol'ga , Reznichenko Valeriya
Published: February 2025

The paper analyzes the use of sewage sludge from sewage treatment plants in the city of Novy Urengoy as part of the soil for reclamation purposes. Sewage sludge from sewerage treatment plants in Novy Urengoy meets the requirements of GOST R 54534-2011 “Resource conservation. Sewage sludge. Requirements for use for reclamation of disturbed lands” belongs to group I and can be used for biological reclamation as a soil component. The studies were carried out on three soils (variants) of different composition: the first group of soils under study consisted of lowland peat and sewage sludge; the second group is made from river sand and sewage sludge; the third group is made from lowland peat, river sand and sewage sludge. According to research results, the use of sewage sludge is recommended in soil to sludge ratios of 1 : 0.5 and 1 : 1. These ratios have the greatest positive effect on the germination of test culture plants, on the length of their aboveground part and root system in all three groups of soils: Peat : WWS, Sand : WWS, Peat + sand : WWS. The use of sediment in a ratio of 1 : 0.25 does not have a significant effect on plants in the soil samples Peat : WWS, Sand : WWS, Peat + sand : WWS, and with the component ratio Peat : WWS, Sand : OSV 1 : 1.5 has a inhibitory effect on test culture plants. In soil samples Peat + sand: WWS with a ratio of 1 : 1.5, no inhibitory effect was detected, but the difference in the assessed indicators from the 1 : 1 ratio is insignificant. The root system of test culture plants develops better on soil samples that contain sand.
USE OF IR AND UV-VIS SPECTROSCOPY FOR PESTICIDES AND AGROCHEMICALS ACTIVATOR ANALYSIS
Authors: Yakovishin L , Lutkov Igor
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the capabilities of IR and electron spectroscopy methods for analyzing the organosilicon activator of pesticides and agrochemicals based on polyalkylene oxide siloxane and determining its residual quantities on grape bunches during the harvest season. The objects of research are Aligote and Cabernet Sauvignon grape varieties, the organosilicon adjuvant Atomic and its model mixtures with distilled water, as well as grape rinsing water. The analysis was carried out using electron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using an attenuated total internal reflection (ATR) attachment with a diamond element. It has been shown that in the Atomic IR spectrum there is a very strong characteristic absorption band of stretching vibrations of the Si–O and C–O bonds at 1077 cm-1, which may be a marker of the presence of this adjuvant in its mixtures with water. A wide absorption band for stretching vibrations of O–H bonds was also found at 3389 cm-1. The absorption band of stretching vibrations of the Si–O and C–O bonds of the Atomic adjuvant is observed in the IR spectra of its mixtures with water up to a ratio of 1:69 (by volume). In the Atomic electronic spectrum, absorption maxima were found at 276 and 310 nm. The absorption maximum at ≈270 nm remains with further dilution, but is practically no longer visible in the spectrum of the Atomic mixture with water in a ratio of 1:500 (by volume). Under experimental conditions, IR and electron spectroscopy methods did not reveal any residual amounts of the Atomic adjuvant in the rinsing water from Aligote and Cabernet Sauvignon grape varieties pre-treated with it. The results obtained can be used in the analysis of the Atomic activator and other products based on polyalkylene oxide siloxane in various mixtures used in agriculture for treating plants.
HETEROGENEITY OF SIBERIAN FUSARIOID FUNGI POPULATIONS IN PHYTOPATHOGENIC PROPERTIES
Authors: Litovka Yu , Shnayder Polina , Leonenko Anna , Patrusheva Marina , Timofeev Anton , Fomina N , Pavlov Igor'
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the work is to study the phytopathogenicity of Siberian strains of fusarium fungi (Fusarium, Neocosmospora) associated with grain crops, and their intraspecific heterogeneity in pathogenic properties. Highly toxic species have been identified F. sporotrichioides and F. oxysporum, the metabolites of which reduce the average laboratory germination of Triticumaestivum and Larixsibirica seeds by 50 % or more compared to the control. The species F. sporotrichioides and F. fujikuroi SC inhibit the development of the stem and root of wheat to an equal extent; N. solani and F. oxysporum suppress the root system to a greater extent. Intraspecific differences in the degree of phytotoxicity in relation to Zeamays seedlings and the dynamics of accumulation of metabolites for the species F. sporotrichioides, F. avenaceum, F. oxysporum, N. solani and F. fujikuroi SC are shown. Average root growth inhibition rates range from 52 to 89 %. For all strains, the phytotoxic effect increased (up to 98 %) with increasing cultivation time (14 days or more). The level of synthesis of T-2 fusariotoxin was studied for the most common species in the region, F. sporotrichioides. The maximum concentration (5.3–5.5 mg/kg) was observed in a strain isolated from barley and its monosporous crops; the toxin concentration in monoconidial clones varied from 0.94 to 5.4 mg/kg. The level of toxin synthesis in strains isolated from wheat was 0.05–0.84 mg/kg. The heterogeneity of F.sporotrichioides in terms of phytopathogenic properties was revealed: the studied strains inhibit the development of wheat within a wide range (by 36–79 % compared to the control) with the formation of necrosis with an intensity of up to 1.6 points. Monoconidial lines of F.sporotrichioides were identified, differing from the natural isolate in phytopathogenicity, mainly in the direction of its increase (growth inhibition up to 95%, necrosis up to 2.6 points).
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGYAND CLIMATE ON INTRODUCED GRAPE VARIETIES IN THE DON AMPELOGRAPHIC COLLECTION
Authors: Ganich Valentina , Naumova Lyudmila , Novikova Lyubov'
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to assess the influence of agrotechnical and agroclimatic factors on grape culture in a long-term retrospective. The material for the study was observations of 3 grape varieties – Cabernet Sauvignon, Rhenish Riesling, Rkatsiteli – from 1941 to 2022 at the Don ampelographic collection named after Ya.I. Potapenko (Rostov Region, Novocherkassk). 17 indicators were studied – phenology, yield and its components, crop conditions, tasting assessments of dry wine samples. During research, the collection was repeatedly replanted, until 1985 it was rooted, the bush planting pattern was 2 × 1.5 m, since 1986 it was grafted (on Kober 5BB rootstock), the bush planting pattern was 3 × 1.5 m. Cultivation culture varieties covered, non-irrigated. The studied grape varieties were characterized by significant changes in economically valuable traits over 80 years of observation. Dynamics of traits of three varieties in 1941–2022 was synchronous, despite the difference in average indicators. The impact of climate change was manifested in a shift in phenophases to earlier periods, a reduction in the duration of the production period, an increase in yield in recent decades, an increase in sugar content and a decrease in the titratable acidity of berry juice. Shoot productivity and average bunch weight increased sharply in the mid-1980s, most likely due to the transition to grafted crops. The change in planting scheme and the transition from an own-rooted crop to a grafted one in 1986 had the most significant effect on the sugar content of berry juice, causing an average reduction in sugar content of 1.5 g/100 cm3 for the three varieties. The duration of the production period and the yield per bush did not depend on the rootstock and planting scheme of the grape bushes. Titratable acidity showed a trend towards higher values in wet years in the grafted crop.
EFFECTS OF AMINO ACID PREPARATIONS ON COSMOS BIPPINATUS AND COSMOS SULPHUREUS
Authors: Lutfullina Karina , Aniskina Tatyana , Kondratenko Yuliya
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study the effect of amino acid preparations on the quality of cosmos seedlings. For this purpose, the following tasks were solved: indicators of the average trend in the parameters of seedlings of two types of Cosmos were established; the contribution of varietal characteristics and preparations to seedling parameters was assessed; The reliability of the differences between the experimental variants was established. We used varieties of double-pinnate Cosmea (lat. Cosmos bippinatus) – Popsoks rozovyj, Limonad, Snezhnyj klik and variety of Cosmea serno-zheltaj (lat. Cosmos sulphureus) Zolotaya dolina. We tested the amino acid preparations Stimul Antistress and Aminozol. Measurements were carried out on such parameters as shoot height, plant height, number of leaves, stem thickness in the first internode. To analyze statistical data, methods of descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and the method of pairwise differences of group means with NSR05 were used. It was established that the Snezhnyj klik variety showed minimal germination, and further studies were not carried out on this variety. The most leveled seedlings of the Limonad variety in height are achieved when treated with Stimul and Aminosol (variation coefficient 14.5 and 15 %), the Popsoks rozovyj variety – in the control variant (11.8 %) and with Stimul Antistress (14 %), the Zolotaya dolina variety gives homogeneous plants without treatment and with Aminosol (12.3 and 12.4 %). Analysis of variance of the parameters of the Cosmos double-pinnate varieties showed that the drugs do not significantly affect the height of the shoot, but they affect the number of leaves and the thickness of the stem in the first internode by 13 % (49 %). When assessing the effect of drugs on cosmos species, it turned out that they only affect the thickness of the stem (by 35 %). Due to the low influence of drugs on the uniformity of seedling parameters, we consider further use of drugs to be ineffective specifically for cosmos species and varieties.
RIPENING PLANTS TO CREATE A GRAPES COLLECTION IN VITRO
Authors: Doroshenko Natalya , Puzyrnova Valentina
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to develop a method for creating a collection of the grape gene pool in vitro using the combined use of biotechnological methods: modification of the nutrient medium and cultivation of plants under conditions of low positive temperature. During the cultivation process with an increased content of sucrose in the nutrient medium (50−70 g/l), autumn color of the leaves appears and shoots ripen in various grape varieties: Sypun Cherniy, Vierul, Tsimlyansky Cherniy (clone 2–3), Cabernet Sauvignon, Kumshatsky, Rupestris du Lo, Tsimladar, less in varieties Krasnostop zolotovsky, Baklanovsky, Sibirkovy. This helped to extend the period of non-transplant storage of plants. The fairly high viability of plants at a sucrose concentration of 70.0 g/l during the first 5 months of cultivation gradually decreased when they were cultivated for 8–9 months. The possibility of in vitro regeneration of plants from mature microcuttings when cultivated for one year has been established. To increase the safety and viability of plants, matured test tube plants were stored in a pharmaceutical cabinet at a low positive temperature of 1−8 °C. Plants were stored in tightly closed tubes on solid culture medium. When stored under these conditions for 3–4 years, the plants had a length of the mature part of the shoots of 49.8−70.3 %. Better ripening compared to native ones occurs in interspecific grape varieties and rootstocks. After a month of cultivating lignified microcuttings with living tissues on the solid nutrient medium of Murashige and Skuga, single shoot regeneration and plant restoration were revealed. Cultivation of the restored plants under standard conditions on solid nutrient medium Murashige and Skuga with the addition of the growth regulator Melafen for 3 months contributed to further regeneration and improvement of growth processes of both roots and shoots. The plants were completely restored. The possibility of continuous storage of test tube grape plants for 3−4 years has been proven with a combination of two factors: an increased concentration of sucrose in the nutrient medium and a low positive temperature of 1−8 °C.
THE ROLE OF HUMIC FERTILIZERS AND GROWTH REGULATORS IN THE CULTIVATION OF ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM IN THE WESTERN CISCAUCASIA
Authors: Thaganov Ramazan , Tropina Nina , Thaganov Vitaliy , Morozov Aleksandr
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to develop methods for increasing the yield of yarrow and increasing the content of essential oil in medicinal raw materials. A study of the effect of humic fertilizers on the productivity of common yarrow in the 2nd–4th growing season was carried out in the North Caucasus branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution VILAR in 2021–2022. The soil of the experimental plot is represented by leached chernozems, which have a neutral reaction, pH is about 7. The humus content in the arable layer is 5.0 %; total nitrogen – 0.22–0.30; phosphorus (P2O5) – 9.17–10.22; potassium (K2O) – 1.7–2.1 %. Weather conditions (amount of precipitation and temperature) were favorable for the growth and development of plants. Research was conducted by setting up small-plot experiments, which were carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods. The effect of foliar treatments with humic fertilizers Lignohumat (0.5 l/ha), Normat L (0.3 kg/ha) and their complexes with the bioregulator Zircon (0.1 l/ha) on growth and development was studied plants, yield of raw materials and essential oil content. Treatment with humates was carried out at the beginning of plant growth and during the stemming phase. Double application of humic fertilizers Lignohumat (0.5 l/ha) and Normat L (0.3 kg/ha) contributed to the intensification of growth processes, an earlier onset (by 2–4 days) of the budding and flowering phases, and made it possible to obtain increase in yield of raw materials by 20–25 %, essential oil per unit area – 25–32 %, but the content of essential oil increased slightly – by 2–5 %. It can be increased (by 26–30 %) by treating plants during the budding phase with the growth regulator Zircon (0.1 l/ha). The complex use of humic preparations during the phase of intensive growth and Zircon at the onset of flowering leads to an increase in the yield of essential oil per hectare to 48 %.
MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF WILD GRAPE FORMS IN THE UTRISH NATURE RESERVE
Authors: Gorbunov Ivan , Mihaylovskiy Stanislav , Luk'yanov Aleksey
Published: February 2025

Research was carried out to study the biological diversity of the genus Vitis L. in the unique territory of the Utrish State Nature Reserve of the Krasnodar Region in 2020–2022. The uniqueness of this territory lies in the fact that here archaeologists discovered a settlement of the Maikop culture not far from the eastern border of the reserve Utrish, in the valley of the Durso River. In three household pits, fragments of ceramic dishes traditional for the Maikop culture, including wine jugs, were found. As a result, there was a need to conduct research and select leaf samples from several locations in places of direct domestication of wild grapes (Vitis vinifera ssp. silvestris Gmel.) in the North Caucasus using the example of the Utrish Nature Reserve for a morphometric description and establishment of the systematic position of the samples. 6 populations of wild grapes were found in the Utrish nature reserve in the Lobanova Shchel tract of the Navagirsky ridge. It was found that the shape (openness), cobwebby pubescence and color of the top of the young shoot, as well as the shape, color and pubescence of the formed leaf in the studied populations of wild grapes are among the most variable morphological characters. For example, at the interpopulation level, the cobwebby pubescence of the crown of a young shoot varies from sparse (2 points) to strong (4 points), the pubescence of the lower surface of the leaf blade varies from very rare (1 point) to strong (4 points), etc. As a result of a phenotypic assessment of the susceptibility of wild plants to diseases, it was established that during the study period, no external signs of disease were found on wild grapes of the Krasnodar Region growing on the territory of the Utrish Nature Reserve in the Lobanova Shchel tract.
OINTMENT EFFECTIVENESS IN EXPERIMENTAL WOUNDS IN CATTLE
Authors: Polegaeva Kristina , Kremyanskiy Vladislav , Okolelova Anastasiya , Rodin Igor'
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study an experimental ointment and its effectiveness in the treatment of mechanical disorders of the integrity of the skin in cattle. Objectives: to study the effectiveness of using an experimental ointment in the treatment of purulent wounds in cattle; to evaluate the local irritant effect of the experimental ointment. The study was carried out from 2018 to 2022 on the basis of the educational and experimental farm Kuban of Kuban State Agrarian University and the Stud Farm of the Krasnodar Educational Farm of Krasnodar State Agrarian University on Holstein-Friesian bull calves aged 12–13 months, weighing 320–340 kg. A total of 2,890 animals were examined. Some of the experiments were carried out at the Department of Anatomy, Veterinary Obstetrics and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin. When studying the species microflora during purulent inflammation of the udder, limbs and posterior part of the hip area, the following was revealed: if the level of tissue contamination is higher than CFU per 1 g of contents or equal to 105, then it is, accordingly, critical. Exceeding these units indicates that pathogens can spread through the lympho-hematogenous route throughout the body. The object of the study is an ointment based on polyethylene oxide 1500, pork pepsin (powder), sodium salicylate, metronidazole and dioxidine. To study the optimal ratio of the components of the experimental ointment, antimicrobial activity was determined by diffusion into agar. For this purpose, epidermal and Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and fecal enterococcus were used. To study the effect on the microstructure of rat organs, the material was taken after slaughter and left in a 10% solution of neutral formaldehyde.
RESEARCH OF WINES WITH GEOGRAPHICAL STATUS PRODUCED BY SHUMRINKA LLC
Authors: Antonenko Ol'ga , Guguchkina Tatyana , Sheludko Olga , Antonenko Mihail , Khrapov Anton
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study white and red dry wines with a geographical indication produced by Shumrinka LLC for the content of cations, anions, microelements, phenolic compounds and color characteristics to identify the ranges of their variation. The characteristic content of potassium cations in white wines was in the range of 342–1110 mg/dm3, in red wines – 869–2070 mg/dm3. The ranges of variation in the mass concentration of chloride ions and sulfate ions in all wines studied were 9.8–28.5 and 188.3–821.3 mg/dm3. The established ranges of trace element content in the wines of a given manufacturer (strontium – 0.410–0.859 mg/dm3, rubidium – 0.373–1.806, titanium –3.614–6.415 μg/dm3) can be additional quality control indicators when assessing the geographical origin of wines and determining their compliance with the assessed typicality factors. The color composition of white wines is dominated by yellow-brown pigments, which is typical for aged wines. When comparing the color shade values of the studied wines, it was found that for white wines this indicator was at the level of 1.533–3.467, and for red wines – 0.667–0.870, therefore, anthocyanins played a significant role in the formation of the color of red wines, and condensed polyphenols played a significant role in the formation of the color of red wines. The results of a study of the color of wines, expressed in the values of color coordinates L*, a* and b* using the CIELab system, are presented. The L* coordinate (lightness) in white wines was at the level of 99.58–99.86, and in red wines it was in the range of 65.64–74.73. The cation-anion and microelement composition, mass concentration of coloring substances, optical characteristics and chromatic color coordinates of the wines under study reflected the characteristics of the production technology and the vineyard growing area.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESSED GRAINS DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
Authors: Buzunova Marina , Bondarenko Olga
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study the dielectric properties of grains processed by mechanical activation using the example of wheat, barley and oats, which are widely used in the agro-industrial complex and the food industry. Objective: to identify the relationship between the dielectric parameters of processed grain and its structural parameters (fraction size) in a wide range of variations in the external electric field from 50 Hz to 1 KHz, which may be useful in optimizing grain processing technologies and choosing optimal storage conditions. A series of experiments was carried out for samples of wheat, oats and barley, varying the degree of fractions from 50 to 1000 μm in a wide frequency range. An algorithm has been developed for calculating dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent based on measurements of electrical capacitance and conductivity using a certified E7-20 voltage immittance meter and a measuring cell (flat capacitor). An analysis of variations in electrical capacitance, the real part of dielectric constant, electrical conductivity and dielectric loss tangent on the particle size of grain crops was carried out. It has been established that there is a correlation between the dielectric properties of grain processed by mechanical activation and the size of the fractions, which is most significant for small-sized samples with a particle size of no more than 250 microns. A smoothing of variations in dielectric constant and losses was noted as the electric field frequency increased above 100 Hz. The existence of a relationship between the energy properties of the studied fine heterogeneous medium and the degree of grinding in the frequency range under study has been experimentally confirmed. An optimal size for grain processing has been proposed, which will, along with saving energy resources, allow optimizing energy value, improving the quality of food products and the efficiency of agricultural production in general.
TRITICALE FLOUR AND BRAN INFLUENCE ON THE BREADSTICKS QUALITY
Authors: Badamshina Elena , Gareeva Inzira , Leonova Svetlana , Koschina Elena
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study the influence of triticale grain processing products (flour and bran) on the quality indicators of breadsticks. Objectives: to determine the physicochemical parameters of wheat and triticale flour of the Bashkirskaya 3 variety; to study the quality indicators of triticale bran; to develop a recipe for bread sticks with partial replacement of wheat flour with triticale flour and triticale bran; to conduct a tasting assessment and examine the physical and chemical characteristics of the developed products; to study the content of protein, dietary fiber and vitamin B1 in the developed products. Research was carried out at the Department of Technology of Public Nutrition and Processing of Plant Raw Materials of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Bashkir State Agrarian University" and in the analytical laboratory of the Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture UFITs RAS. The objects of the study were samples of premium wheat baking flour, triticale flour and triticale bran obtained from the Bashkirskaya 3 variety, added with different percentage replacements for wheat flour. The main research methods used: determination of the quantity and quality of raw gluten – according to GOST 27839-88; mass fraction of flour moisture according to GOST 9404-88; falling numbers – according to GOST 27676-88; mass fraction of ash – according to GOST 27494; vitamin B1 (thiamine) content – according to GOST 29138-91; mass fraction of protein – according to the Kjeldahl method, GOST 10846-91; soluble and insoluble dietary fiber by enzymatic-gravimetric method – GOST R 54014-2010 method. During research, breadsticks containing 60% triticale flour + 15 % triticale bran were identified as the most optimal in terms of organoleptic and physicochemical indicators (protein mass fraction 7.30 ± 0.05 % and vitamin B1 content 0.17 ± 0 .05) compared to the control from wheat flour (protein mass fraction 6.03 ± 0.84 % and thiamine content less than 0.1 %).
EMBRYONIC FRUITFULNESS OF SAPERAVI GRAPES WITH DIFFERENT BUSH SHAPES
Authors: Aleynikova Galina
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to determine the formation of embryonic inflorescences in the central buds of wintering buds of the Saperavi grape variety under the influence of various bush forms. The study was carried out in the Black Sea viticulture zone of the Krasnodar Region (Starotitarovskaya village, Temryuk District) in 2022. The objects of the study were shoots of the Saperavi grape variety, harvested during a period of deep physiological dormancy from grape bushes of different shapes. The embryonic coefficient of fruiting of the central buds of wintering buds was determined; the influence of bush shape on the death of buds, embryonic fertility and the percentage of buds with two inflorescences was assessed; recommendations were given on the rate of load of bushes with buds and the length of pruning for the 2023 harvest. It was noted that the shape of the bush does not affect the percentage of bud death of the Saperavi grape variety. When forming a bush with a spiral cordon with free placement of growth, the best indicators are achieved in terms of fruiting coefficient (1.61) and the percentage of buds with two inflorescences (48.5 %), which is 23 and 20 % higher than with a low-standard formation with vertical growth, respectively. Based on the data obtained, for the formation of a spiral cordon with free placement of growth, it is recommended to prune into fruit links with a fruit arrow length of 5–6 buds, knot restoration 3 buds with a load of 38–40 buds per bush to obtain a yield of 100 c/ha. To form a low-standard cordon with vertical growth to obtain a yield of 100 c/ha, it is necessary to cut the fruit shoot by 6–7 buds, the restoration knot by 3 buds with a load of 46–48 buds per bush.
ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS CONTENT IN APPLE ORCHARDS SOILS BY VARIOUS MODERN METHODS
Authors: Naumova Natalia L , Lukin Aleksandr , Velisevich Evgeniy
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study the content of heavy metals in the soils of apple orchards using various modern methods. The results of a study of the content of heavy metals in the soils of apple orchards of the Sverdlovsk horticulture breeding station and peasant farms in the Chelyabinsk Region, obtained by the methods of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrometry, are presented. The quantitative content of heavy metals in the soils of these agrocenoses, determined by different methods, is comparable. The concentration of elements in the soils of both sites changes in the following order: Mn > Zn > Ni > Cu > Co > Pb > Cd. In the soddy-podzolic soils of the horticulture breeding station, the minimum variability in the quantitative characteristics of elements was determined for Ni (47.7–58.0 mg/kg), the maximum for Cu (33.1–56.7 mg/kg). An increased amount of heavy metals (Cd – on average from 25 to 31 %; Cu – from 9 to 53; Pb – from 4 to 46; Zn – from 9 to 36 %) is characteristic of the soil area occupied by the cultivation of apple trees of the Blagaya Vest variety. In soddy soils of peasant farms, the minimum variability was recorded for Co (12.6–18.4 mg/kg), the maximum for Pb (4.5–8.4 mg/kg). The soils used for cultivating Ekrannoye apple trees are distinguished by higher levels of metals (Cd – on average from 9 to 21 %; Mn – from 21 to 35 %; Pb – 1.7–1.8 times) compared to other soil samples from this agrocenosis. In the soils of both apple orchards, the levels of heavy metals did not exceed the regulated norms of SanPiN 1.2.3685-21, which indicates their environmental well-being. However, the values of the analyzed heavy elements were slightly higher in the soils of the horticultural breeding station, which is presumably due to their location within the city limits of Yekaterinburg, which was initially characterized by an increased technogenic load.
INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY AND GRAIN QUALITY OF SPRING WHEAT IN THE SOUTHERN FOREST-STEPPE OF WESTERN SIBERIA
Authors: Yushkevich Leonid , Yuschenko Denis , Schitov Aleksandr Grigor'evich , Kashinskaya Svetlana
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to identify the potential productivity of multi-level agricultural technologies of spring wheat in the Southern forest-steppe soil-climatic zone of Western Siberia. In a long-term stationary crop rotation on chernozem soils, a comparative assessment of predecessors, chemicalization agents, and soil cultivation on the productivity and technological properties of spring wheat grain was carried out. Agricultural technology is zonal. Fertilizers (N24P36 per 1 ha of arable land) and pesticides were applied at the recommended times and rates. Spring wheat varieties Pamyati Azieva, Omskaya-36 were sown on May 18–25 with a seeding rate of 5.0 million viable seeds per 1 hectare in the fallow, 4.0–4.5 million for the 2nd–3rd crop using a SZ-3.6 seeder since 2012 by Selford PC, which ensures a more uniform seed distribution. Harvesting is Single-phase by CAMPO-500. Replication is 4 times. The soil is meadow-chernozem, medium-alkaline, heavy loamy with a humus content of 7–8 %. Weather conditions over the years of the study were relatively dry (31 % of years), HTC – 1.01, with a norm of 1.10. The crop yield in repeated sowings, depending on the agricultural technology of cultivation, decreases from 2.82 to 1.73 t/ha, or 1.6 times. Depending on the predecessor, intensive cultivation technology ensures an increase in grain yield by 1.39–1.90 t/ha (1.9–2.3 times) relative to extensive. Resource-saving combined tillage in grain-fallow crop rotation increases grain yield by 0.17–0.25 t/ha (9–15 %). The effectiveness of chemicalization agents according to the share of their contribution to increasing the grain yield of spring wheat is located in ascending order: herbicides – 12 %; fertilizers – 19; fertilizers + herbicides – 31; fungicides – 36 %. Complex chemicalization increases the weight of 1000 grains to 35.1–36.1 g; full weight – up to 750–762 g/l; glassiness, gluten content – up to 26.4–29.4 %. The content of heavy metals in soil and grain was 1.4–4.2 times less than the maximum permissible concentration; no pesticides were detected.
INTRODUCTION OF ALLIUM ALTAICUM PALL. IN THE SIBERIAN BOTANICAL GARDEN OF TSU
Authors: Suchkova Svetlana , Chikin Yuriy , Mihaylova Svetlana , Abzaltdenov Timur
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study the economic and biological characteristics of Allium altaicum Pall. (Altai onion) in the conditions of the subtaiga zone of the Tomsk Region. Objectives: to study the rhythm of seasonal development, morphological characteristics; to determine seed productivity and seed quality. The study was carried out on the ecosystem dendrological territory of the Siberian Botanical Garden of the Tomsk State University in 2020–2023. When conducting the study, generally accepted methods were used: N.A. Naumova, I.N. Beideman, G.N. Zaitsev, B.A. Dospehov. The objects of the study were three samples of Allium altaicum Pall. The seeds were obtained from the botanical gardens of Ivanovo, Norway and Germany. Collection samples are 2–4 years old. Samples of A. altaicum show high seed germination in the year of harvesting – from 93.5 to 96.7 %. All samples make self-seeding, which indicates adaptation of the species upon introduction. When propagating A. altaicum from seeds, it is recommended to use seeds no older than 1 year of storage. Under the conditions of the Tomsk Region, A. altaicum samples undergo a full development cycle. The growing season ranges from 156 to 160 days. The studied samples are promising for use for cutting greenery in early spring and autumn. High seed productivity and seed germination were revealed. Fungal species (Aspergillus, Penicillium, Stachybotrys) found on the seeds are capable of producing toxins and inhibiting the germination of onion seeds. The maximum diversity of fungi was found on the seeds of A. altaicum from Ivanovo, the least – on the seeds of samples from Norway and Germany, which affected the decrease in seed germination during storage.
The Effect of PDEODE and PQ4R Strategies on The Development of Reflective Thinking and Self-Efficacy in Mathematics among Ninth-Grade Female Students in Palestine
Authors:   Al-Aqsa University,  Palestine, Al-Ashqar Ayman
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the effect of PDEODE and PQ4R strategies on the development of reflective thinking and self-efficacy in mathematics among ninth grade female students in Palestine. PDEODE and PQ4R are two educational strategies based on constructivist theory, each consisting of six sequential steps; the steps of the PDEODE strategy are: Prediction, Discuss, Explain, Observe, Discuss, Explain, while the steps of the PQ4R strategy are: Preview, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Review. The experimental approach was used in a quasi-experimental design based on the application of pre-post measurement. The sample of the study consisted of (96) ninth grade students. It was intentionally chosen from the students of Al-Mughraqa Preparatory Girls School, and the sample was divided into three groups. The first experimental group studied using PDEODE strategy, the second experimental group studied using PQ4R strategy, and the third control group studied using the usual method. The study materials and tools included the teacher's guide, the reflective thinking test, and the self-efficacy scale. The results of the study are as follows: There are statistically significant differences at the level of significance ( = 0.05) between the mean scores of the students of the three experimental groups and the control group of the ninth grade in the reflective thinking test and the self-efficacy scale in mathematics in favor of the two experimental groups. The study showed that the size of the effect of the two strategies was large, and that there is a statistically significant positive correlation at the level of significance ( = 0.05) between the degrees of reflective thinking and self-efficacy in mathematics among female students of the two experimental groups of the ninth grade in Palestine. The study recommended training mathematics teachers to use PDEODE and PQ4R strategies in teaching mathematics for all grades.

Keywords: PDEODE strategy, PQ4R strategy, reflective thinking, self-efficacy, mathematics.
Predicting Entrepreneurial Intention: The Impact of Career Expectations and Grit among University Students at Sultan Qaboos University
Authors:   Sultan Qaboos University, Oman,, Alsaidi Fahima , Aldhafri Said ,   Sultan Qaboos University, Oman,, Alkharusi Hussain ,   Sultan Qaboos University, Oman,, Alrajhi Marwa ,   Sultan Qaboos University, Oman,, Alhadabi Amal ,   Sultan Qaboos University, Oman,, AlBarashdi Hafidha ,   Digital Innovations Center for Multi-Sectoral Research, Oman, Al-Harthy Ibrahim ,   National University of Sciences and Technology- Oman
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the predictive effects of career expectations and grit on Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) students’ entrepreneurial intentions. In addition, the study examined the effects of demographic variables (gender, college and GPA) on the levels of entrepreneurial intention, career expectations and grit. The study sample consisted of (323) students from undergraduate levels at SQU. The results indicated that career expectations and the "perseverance of effort" domain in grit scale were able to predict entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, based on demographic variables, a statistically significant difference was found in entrepreneurial intentions, career expectations, consistency of interest and perseverance of effort. Considering the current findings, the study recommended expanding research on factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions among university students by adding psychological and social variables as mediators and moderator's factors. Furthermore, the study emphasized the necessity for workshops and training programs to enhance students' understanding of the significance of career expectations and grit in entrepreneurial intention, given the evolution in the educational system.

Keywords: Entrepreneurial intention, career expectations, grit, university students, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman.
Training Parents to Implement Communication Intervention Package in Naturalistic Context Via Telehealth
Authors:   King Saud University  Saudi Arabia, Alzrayer Nouf
Published: February 2025

This study evaluated the effects of behavioral skills training (BST) in training parents to implement communication intervention packages in naturalistic contexts via telehealth. Three parent-child dyads participated in the study. All participants were diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and their age ranged between four and six years. Parents were trained to teach their children augmented and non-augmented requesting skills in a natural context via internet-based service delivery. The findings of the study revealed that parents were successful in implementing communication intervention packages in teaching communication skills to their children with ASD during snack time.
Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Behavior Skills Training (BST), Telehealth, Naturalistic Context
Identifying Research-Based Practices for Increasing Peer Interaction in Children with Hearing Impairment: A Review of the Literature
Authors:   King Saud University,  Saudi Arabia, Aldawoud Amal
Published: February 2025

Establishing peer interaction is critical for all childhood development, especially for children with hearing impairment (HI), who tend to experience a lot of difficulties in interaction. Practices aiming to promote peer interaction in children with HI need to be informed by evidence from quality research. This paper aims to review and evaluate research studies that focus on interaction between children with HI and their peers (with or without HI) in self-contained and inclusive classrooms. Seven empirical studies published in peer-reviewed journals from 1990 to 2023 were examined and evaluated, using the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC, 2014) quality indicators. Several practice themes emerged after coding these studies: multifaceted training, parallel talk, social intervention, and social stories. Results indicated that most of the reviewed studies met the majority of identified quality indicators, including context and settings, participants, intervention agents, description of practice, and data analysis. However, few studies reported implementation fidelity, and none of the studies met the quality indicator related to outcome measures for dependent variables. The limitations of this review, implications, and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Keywords: peer interaction, social interaction, literature review, hearing impairment, research-based practice
Reflexive Pedagogy: A Closer Look at Saudi College Students’ Responses to English Poetry
Authors:   King Saud University,  Saudi Arabia, Almufayrij Haifa
Published: February 2025

This study aims to explore Saudi college students’ analytical abilities by focusing on their engagement with English poetry through reflective learning practices. The study employed a multimodal approach and multimedia to interpret poetry, focusing on enhancing students' understanding of poetry while also examining the effectiveness of this instructional method. The poems selected for the study are from the British Romantic Period (1789–1830). It is a strategic implementation of a culturally appropriate pedagogy that utilises visual language to interpret poems in English. Independently constructing their own videos provided students with a chance to replace traditional written interpretation of poems in the classroom. Allowing multilingual students to communicate and express emotions visually gives them access to their creative potential, from which they can construct more meaningful interpretations. The study demonstrates through their personalised videos, that Saudi student are open to composing and explorations using technology and multimedia that liberate them from traditional teaching techniques and allow them to unlock their interpretive skills and represent their interpretations in original ways. Furthermore, these findings might also have greater relevance to wider debates on extending the use of technology and multimedia as a key element for educators hoping to engage students with reading and responding to poetry in a second language.

Keywords: Reflexive pedagogy, technology, multimedia, poetry, visual language, interpretive skills
حاشية أبي عبد الله محمد بن يوسف بن سعادة على صحيح البخاري تحقيق وتعليق
Authors: senhaji Dr. abdelhay mghari
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article contains an realization of a rare and advanced footnote on Sahih al-Bukhari, written by Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Yusuf ibn Saada(d.565 ah) on the Saadian version, which is a small footnote in which the owner embroidered valuable benefits, and relied mostly on the copy of Abu Ali al-Sadafi, written in (508 ah), and contains: adding some appendices, adjusting the words, adjusting the names of narrators, restricting its neglect, with commentary and Remarks.
I provided the investigated text with a short translation of Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Yusuf bin Saada, and a study of the footnote; documenting its attribution, description, the versions adopted in its investigation, and the approach followed in this.
Keywords : footnote, Muhammad, ibn Saada, Sahih, al-Bukhari
Modern models of innovative management of bakery enterprises
Authors:   Odesa National University of Technology, Nikoliuk Olena , Savchenko Tetiana , Lagodiienko Volodymyr , Lagodiienko Nataliia ,   Odesa National University of Technology
Published: February 2025

The article explores the latest approaches to the organization and optimization of the management of enterprises in the industry, aimed at increasing their competitiveness and sustainability in the context of global economic and technological changes. The authors emphasize that the bakery industry is one of the essential parts of the country’s food security system. Therefore, its development requires innovative approaches that consider both production specifics and market environment trends. One of the key aspects of the article is the analysis of the need to introduce modern digital technologies capable of transforming all stages of enterprise management – from the procurement of raw materials and planning of production processes to the sale of finished products and marketing activities. The authors justify that modern management models should be based on adaptability, flexibility, and orientation to consumer needs. The article emphasizes that the bakery industry faces several challenges: remarkably increasing competition, changes in consumer preferences, globalization of markets, and increased environmental requirements. In this context, innovations play an important role in developing new product types, improving quality, reducing production costs, and complying with sustainable development standards. As a result of the study, the authors propose a comprehensive model of innovation management, which includes five key components: technological, responsible for the implementation of modern production technologies; personnel, focused on improving employee skills; marketing, which ensures the adaptation of products to market needs; logistics, aimed at optimizing supplies and distribution; and environmental, which guarantees compliance with the requirements of sustainable development. The proposed model allows for solving such strategic tasks as increasing the efficiency of production processes, optimizing costs, increasing income, and increasing consumer satisfaction. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the successful implementation of innovation strategies depends on the harmonious interaction of all components of the model and a systematic approach to their implementation.

Keywords: innovation management, bakery industry, digital technologies, production automation, sustainable development, competitiveness, adaptability, cost optimization, innovative models, resource management.
A Speech Act Analysis of the Utterances of Selected Key Actors in the Russian/Ukrainian Crisis
Authors: FAFIYEBI Damilola Oluseyi , Fafiyebi Oluwabusayo Foluso
Published: February 2025

The interconnection between language and conflict is one that has continued to attract the attention of scholars all over the world. This is not unconnected with the role of language both as an instrument of ensuring peace and for causing crisis. The current research seeks to examine language as employed by state actors in the ongoing crisis between Russia and Ukraine. The research is targeted at finding out how language is used in conveying action even in times of conflict. As a pragmatic explication, the study seeks to examine how meaning is derived from language in conflict situation. The research employs the speech act theory as its analytical tool so as to provide a solid theoretical base for the study. It is also that the study will shed light on the effect of context on the language choices employed in the data selected for the study. The research identifies the various linguistic actions performed in the selected data as being at least one of assertive, commissives, declaratives, expressives and directives. The study shows that the majority of the statements employed by each of these two perform the act of condemning. Criticizing, encouraging and soliciting. The speakers employ these notable strategies to achieve different communicative intentions that are designed to further the aim of the communicative goal. The goal of condemning is achieved through the strategy of positive self-presentation and negative presentation of others.