bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LESSONS FOR SARS-COV-2 VIRUS AND VACCINATION FROM OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
Authors: Arslan Ferhat , Ankaralı Handan
Published: March 2022

At the beginning of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic due to
the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2),
scientists primarily have focused on diagnostic tests. At the 9th month
of the pandemic, discussions are being continued on preventive and
therapeutic drugs. Meanwhile, vaccine development strategies like
“operation warp speed” gave their early results in developed
countries. Nowadays, these vaccines are at the forefront of the world
health agenda. Numerous social media posts, conspiracy theories, and
some health professional’s statements that raise vaccination hesitancy
are the equipment of anti-vaxxers propaganda. On the other hand,
declarations like ballyhoo of nationalism with the claims of scientific
quacksalvers have intertwined, and that has been led to the loss of
trust in the scientific community to the vaccine. We have to admit that
this propaganda has affected millions of people in an unwanted
direction. Scientific declarations have to rely on researches that have
accurate and reliable statistical methods supported with basic
biological knowledge. Scientific research results should be disclosed
transparently and its methods must have reproducibility to provide
replicability. Here, we scrutinize the biological features of the
respiratory transmitted and successfully prevented measles virus (MV)
and variola virus (smallpox virus) and their vaccines to compare them
with the SARS-COV-2 virus and vaccine. Next, we will discuss the
statistical details of measuring the effectiveness of an improved
vaccine.
Chelyshkov Polynomials Method for Solving Nonlinear Two-dimensional Volterra Integral Equations of the first kind
Authors: Mohamed Doaa
Published: March 2022

This paper is develops an effective method based on two-dimensional
Chelyshkov polynomials (2DCPs) to provied an approximate solution of a
class of nonlinear two-dimensional Volterra Integral equations of the
first kind. This problem is transformed to a nonlinear two-dimensional
Volterra Integral equations of the second kind. The method transforms
the integral equation to a system of nonlinear algebraic equations by
means of collocation points. Finally, some numerical examples are given
to clarify the efficiencey of the presented method.
Examination of Nursing Students Attitudes Towards Medical Error within Three Different Educational Models
Authors: öncü yasemin ayhan , Intepeler Seyda Seren , Şenol Selmin , Barutcu Canan Demir
Published: March 2022

A cross-sectional comparative study was exposed within three Turkish
public universities. The aims of this study were to examine the
attitudes toward medical error of the nursing students who are trained
within three different education models and to determine factors that
affect these attitudes. A personal and educational conditions
questionnaire and the Medical Error Attitude Scale were used. All
students who agreed to participate in the research from the second,
third and fourth year nursing students of three universities were
included in sample. Descriptive and statistical analysis of the data
were performed. It was found that nursing students trained with the
integrated education model and problem-based learning model had higher
scores on the Medical Error Attitude Scale than nursing students trained
in the classical education model. In the subscales of the Medical Error
Attitude Scale, students trained in the integrated education model had a
higher average score in the “perception” and the “causes” subscales.
A statistically significant difference was found in the subscales of
medical error causes and approaches in students of different years.
Additionally, it was found that the mean scores of the second year
nursing students were higher in the medical error perception subscale.
Pharyngeal mucosal space abscess. A special entity that merits special management: our experience in 106 cases.
Authors: Lachanas Vasileios , Maiou Hara , Doumas Stergios , Beka Despoina , Kalogritsas Nick , MPOURONIKOU ANNA , Hajiioannou Jiannis , Petinaki Efthymia , Skoulakis Charalampos
Published: March 2022

Keypoints: • The presence of a pharyngeal mucosal space abscesses (PMA),
being confined between the pharyngeal mucosa and the pharyngeal
constrictor muscle, is considered rare. However, in our series
represented 14,3% of deep neck infections (DNIs), suggesting that they
may not be so rare as they are considered to be. • PMAs’ symptoms and
clinical findings are similar to those of other DNIs, but trismus and
neck swelling seem to be significant lower in PMAs. • Imaging studies
will set PMA diagnosis, while CT with contrast is the modality of
choice. • PMAs seems to be less dangerous than their deep-seated
counterparts, since its superficial location renders them amenable to
spontaneous drainage, aspiration, incision and drainage intraorally
obviating spread to deeper structures.
The Morphometric Measurements of the Mandible; Gonial and Incisure Angles
Authors: Dogan Zumrut , Kaplanoğlu Kadir , Çalışır Metin , Cömert Ayhan
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Background: The mandible, the largest and strongest bone in the
face, is the only bone in the skull that does not have a sutural joint.
Before starting surgical procedures and clinical approaches, it is
necessary to know the anatomy of this region well. Materials and
methods: It is a radiology-based morphometric study in which
retrospectively scanned images of adult individuals in the 20-50 age
range, whose results are normally reported using CT (Conical Beam
Computed Tomography) {n=212}. Tomographic images, photographed with
Planmeca ProMax3DMid ProFace brand CBCT device, was examined using the
Planmeca Romexis 4.6.2.R licensed program. Mandibular incisure angle and
gonial angle of the mandible were measured from those images. Gender and
age-related comparisons were performed. Results: In all groups, the
relationship between the right incisure angle and the right gonial angle
was determined as a weak positive relationship, but was found to be
statistically significant. The Gonial angle is larger in females on both
sides of the jaw than in males. In the study of changes in correlation
between mandibular incisure and gonial angle depending on age groups, a
statistically significant positive correlation was found in the group
that we can call young adults, while a significant difference was not
observed in the middle age group and the group that we can call old age.
Conclusions: Age and gender-based reference values of gonial angle of
mandible and mandibular incisure angle were determined. It is the first
study in the literature in which the size and shape of the Incisure
angle is evaluated on a cross-population and gender basis. We believe
that these angles will have many benefits from a clinical point of view.
Forecasting a risk map of Culex mosquito abundance in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Van Tuyen , Kim Wonkook , Nguyen-Tien Thang , Lindahl Johanna , Nguyen-Viet Hung , Thi Nguyen Quang , Nguyen Huy Van , Unger Fred , LEE HUSUK
Published: March 2022

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the major cause of viral encephalitis (VE)
in most Asian-Pacific countries. In Vietnam, there is no nationwide
surveillance system for JE due to lack of medical facilities and
diagnoses. Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex Vishnui, and Culex
quinquefasciatus have been identified as the major JE vectors in
Vietnam. The main objective of this study was to forecast a risk map of
Culex mosquitoes in Hanoi, which is one of the most densely populated
cities in Vietnam. A total of 10,775 female adult Culex mosquitoes were
collected from 513 trapping locations. We collected temperature and
precipitation information during the study period and its preceding
month. In addition, the other predictor variables (e.g., normalized
difference vegetation index [NDVI], land use/land cover and human
population density), were collected for our analysis. All the collected
data was pre-processed with the same study extent and spatial resolution
of 30 m. The final model selected for estimating the Culex mosquito
abundance included centered rainfall, quadratic term rainfall, rice
cover ratio, forest cover ratio, and human population density variables.
The estimated spatial distribution of Culex mosquito abundance ranged
from 0 to 200. Our model estimated that 87% of the Hanoi area had an
abundance of mosquitoes from 0 to 50, whereas approximately 1.2% of the
area showed more than 150 mosquitoes, which was mostly in the
rural/peri-urban districts. Our findings may provide better insight into
understanding the spatial distribution of Culex mosquitoes and its
associated environmental risk factors. Such information can assist local
clinicians and public health policymakers to identify the potential
areas of risk for JE virus. Risk maps can be an efficient way of raising
public awareness about the virus and further preventive measures need to
be considered in order to prevent outbreaks and onwards transmission of
the JE virus.
Monster LCX Fistula Closure by Vascular Plug in a Patient with Post- Covid 19 Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Izadpanah Peyman , Hooshanginezhad Zahra , Shojaie Mohammad
Published: March 2022

This report presents a man with a huge coronary fistula, connecting Left
Circumflex coronary artery to right ventricle. During the follow-up, the
patient developed progressive symptoms of heart failure nonresponsive to
medical treatment. Therefore, an endovascular closure with vascular plug
was successfully done for him.
Aproximación a la percepción del sentido de vida, piloto en aprendices del SENA Garzón a través de la Logoterapia
Authors: Rojas Trujillo Maritza , Pérez Murcia Fernando Alberto , Guerrero Pinedo Rocío Del Carmen
Published: March 2022

La logoterapia es denominada como ¨La tercera escuela Vienesa de la Psicología” centrada en encontrar significado y sentido a la vida, en éste artículo se describe cómo fue utilizado el método para el logro del estudio: Búsqueda de sentido de vida en los aprendices (piloto) del Centro Agroempresarial y Desarrollo Pecuario del Huila, con una muestra de 18 aprendices de una ficha en formación, que a causa de la pandemia y por los protocolos de bioseguridad ejecutó su formación virtual (siendo presencial); durante 10 (diez) sesiones guiadas y monitoreadas, sumados a ensayos de un guion de una obra de teatro que finalmente reflejó sus historias, vivencias y experiencias.
Quantifying Depression-Related Language on Social Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Davis Brent , McKnight Dawn Estes , Teodorescu Daniela , Quan-Haase Anabel , Chunara Rumi , Fyshe Alona , Lizotte Daniel J.
Published: March 2022

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic had clear impacts on mental health. Social media presents an opportunity for assessing mental health at the population level.
Objectives1) Identify and describe language used on social media that is associated with discourse about depression. 2) Describe the associations between identified language and COVID-19 incidence over time across several geographies.
MethodsWe create a word embedding based on the posts in Reddit's /r/Depression and use this word embedding to train representations of active authors. We contrast these authors against a control group and extract keywords that capture differences between the two groups. We filter these keywords for face validity and to match character limits of an information retrieval system, Elasticsearch. We retrieve all geo-tagged posts on Twitter from April 2019 to June 2021 from Seattle, Sydney, Mumbai, and Toronto. The tweets are scored with BM25 using the keywords. We call this score rDD. We compare changes in average score over time with case counts from the pandemic's beginning through June 2021.
ResultsWe observe a pattern in rDD across all cities analyzed: There is an increase in rDD near the start of the pandemic which levels off over time. However, in Mumbai we also see an increase aligned with a second wave of cases.
ConclusionsOur results are concordant with other studies which indicate that the impact of the pandemic on mental health was highest initially and was followed by recovery, largely unchanged by subsequent waves. However, in the Mumbai data we observed a substantial rise in rDD with a large second wave. Our results indicate possible un-captured heterogeneity across geographies, and point to a need for a better understanding of this differential impact on mental health.
Residuos tóxicos en leche materna: revisión de la literatura
Authors: Chiliquinga Calderón Edgar , Culqui Sánchez Marco
Published: March 2022

Los pesticidas son productos químicos que se utilizan principalmente en la agricultura para proteger las plantas de plagas, malezas o enfermedades, y en los programas de protección de la salud pública para proteger a los seres humanos de las enfermedades transmitidas por vectores, como malaria, dengue y esquistosomiasis. El uso persistente y la exposición contribuyen a la contaminación del medio ambiente y del cuerpo humano. La bioacumulación de los plaguicidas organoclorados en el tejido adiposo desencadena la excreción en la leche materna durante la lactancia. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de artículos originales escritos en español o inglés. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Medline, Science Direct y Epistemonikos. No se hicieron restricciones respecto al tipo de estudio. Por ser la leche humana el alimento idóneo para el neonato, es fundamental analizar los factores que determinan la presencia de residuos y contaminantes en la misma. El presente trabajo tiene la finalidad de permitir la comprensión de este importante tema, así como incentivar a la investigación clínica en el medio local debido a la incidencia de uso de mencionados productos y plantear intervenciones para evitar consecuencias en la salud pública.
A Systematic Literature Review : the Role of Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory in Item Analysis to Determine the Quality of Mathematics Tests
Authors: Siregar Hadijah N. I. , Panjaitan Asmin
Published: March 2022

This research aims to: 1) find out the role of Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory in item analysis, and 2) find out the role of Classical Test Theory and Item Response theory on the previous research results regarding item analysis to determine the quality of mathematics tests. This research is qualitative research that uses Systematic Literature Review (SLR) as a research method. The research data is collected by documentation. The population of this research is all of the articles from the mathematics journal in the Sinta Ristekbrin database. While the sample is the articles that are obtained from screening. From this research, it can be seen that CTT and IRT play an important role in item analysis, both are commonly used theories and each has its own advantages and disadvantages. The selection of theories to be used in item analysis must consider the advantages and disadvantages of each theory. The indicators used in IRT are validity, reliability, parameter a (distinguishing power), parameter b (level of difficulty), and parameter c (false guess). Based on the results of data analysis, it is known that 8 out of 10 articles use indicators of validity, reliability, level of difficulty, and discriminatory power; 7 out of 10 articles used descriptive quantitative methods; all articles tell about the test form used except article 7 (A7) and article 8 (A8); the number of samples taken affects the implementation of each theory; and only 1 in 10 articles, namely article 10 (A10), provides an overall test quality conclusion
The effects of the emergence of new information technologies and the efficiency of tax collection
Authors: Mrfakhradini Tahera , Nodooshan Saeed Ghiasi
Published: March 2022

These researches are in the type of solidarity research. Statistical society of this research is the total of employees in the administration of tax affairs in Yazd province. Methodology: In this research, simple random sampling is used and with using from Morgan table, 150 persons are chosen. For gathering data, two types of the questionnaire related to IT performance and efficiency of the levy are used. IT questionnaire is included from three components of accessibility, ease of use and usefulness and also the efficiency of levy questionnaire is included from three components of affordable, achievement of goals and customer satisfaction. For analyzing the data is used from Pierson correlation test and step by step regression analysis. Results: The results showed that there is a significant and positive correlation between IT and ease of use.component of ease of use cannot predict the changes. Conclusion: As a result, whatever the amount of usage from IT in the administration of tax affairs in Yazd province become more than the efficiency of the levy will become more, but these changes are affected by new IT methods.
Study of the relationship between monetary policy, accounting conservatism and corporate trade credit
Authors: Shahriary Mahdieh Hoseinpour
Published: March 2022

This study investigated the relationship between trade credit and monetary policy and conservatism. The population consisted of 74 corporates listed on Tehran Stock Exchange from 2009 to 2015. Methodology: Dependent variable was traded credit. Given data was gathered and categorized in Excel file as a data reference. Also, the hypothesis was tested using multivariate regression models based on integrated data techniques through econometrics Eviews software. Results: Results suggested that high conservatism corporates had more trade credit and there was a positive significant relationship between conservatism level and trade credit. Conclusion: Also, there was a positive significant relationship between tight monetary policy and trade credit.
Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Organizational Learning in the Branches of Social Security Lorestan
Authors: Alaeifr Alimohammad , Ghasemi Reza , Imani Hassan
Published: March 2022

This research aims to study the influencing factors on organizational learning in Social Security organization branches in Lorestan. In this study, individual, motivation for learning, team dynamics and cultural activities considered as independent variables and continuing of organizational learning are considered as a dependent variable. Methodology: The used methodology is descriptive and correlative; these community members are 299 sample size is 141 formal and conventional employees in all branches who are selected randomly according to Cocoran Formula. Data gathering tool is obtained by a questionnaire with 36 items which are separated according to individual motivation for learning, team dynamics, and organization’s activities cultural. Results: Research results using Pearson coefficient and multiple regression indicate that there is a meaningful and direct relationship with 99% confidentiality between (individual motivation for learning, team dynamics, and organization cultural activities) and continuous learning. Conclusion: It means that in the case of increasing individual motivation for learning, team dynamics and cultural activities of the organization; Continuity of learning will be increased. And in result, the organization can take steps forward towards goal better and favorably.
Spline Collocation for Volterra - Fredholm Integro-Differential Equations
Authors: Ebrahimi Nehzat , Rashidinia Jalil
Published: March 2022

A collocation procedure is developed for the linear and nonlinear Volterra - Fredholm integrodifferential equations, using the globally defined B-spline and auxiliary basis functions. The solution is collocated by cubic B-spline and the integrand is approximated by the Newton-Cotes formula. The error analysis of the proposed numerical method is studied theoretically.
AI334, AQ806, AR222, AR249, AS274, AS702, AS708, RB590, RB591 and RB596 antibodies recognize the spike S protein from SARS-CoV-2 by western blot
Authors: Marchetti Anna , Zenhausern Frederic
Published: March 2022

The recombinant antibodies AI334, AQ806, AR222, AR249, AS274, AS702, AS708, RB590, RB591 and RB596 detect by western blot the spike S protein from SARS-CoV-2.
The Continuity of the Romanian Populism: The Legionary Movement as a Connection Between Fortyeighters and National-Communism
Authors: JELEA Bogdan
Published: March 2022

The present paper is a stage in the wider process of analyzing the evolution of Romanian populism in the last century and a half. Although the semantic content of populism is a very broad one, the present observing a constant dynamic of the concept, I will show in this article that there is continuity in the Romanian space of the ethnic and national idea from mid 19th century to 1989, different instrumentalised on 4 major areas of thought: fortyeighters, junimists, legionaries and the Ceausescu era. Moreover, I believe that this continuity comes to strengthen a morphological conflict of the period of updating and modernizing the Romanian society: In the last 150 years of Romania’s history, there is an antithesis showing the almost constant instrumentalisation of a right-wing populist-conservatory rhetoric by the political elite in order to achieve the popular support of the left-wing development-progressive projects. As we cannot talk about populism, with all its avatars, earlier than the 19th century, in the absence of the psycho-sociological and identity content of the term nation and the modern doctrinal axes that appeared after the French Revolution, we selected only a few theoretical landmarks from the category of definitions. The main emphasis is on the national idea and its continuity, because, as I show from the title, this ideological ferment brought together extremely contradictory phenomena: from the liberal and democratizing Fortyeighters romanticism, we reach the critical and conservative junimists, reactive to the romantic populism of the Fortyeighterss, then to the fascist extreme right, in order to jump to the opposite pole of Nicolae Ceausescu’s almost Stalinist extreme left. In all this journey that the national idea goes through, in crescendo, I will put in the center of the analysis the Legionary Movement, in order to prove that it processed an existing land, transforming it into an extremely fertile one for Nicolae Ceausescu. Moreover, I believe that we have a substantial intensification, over time, of the instrumentalization of this national idea, depending on the political needs of the authors and their capacity to exercise power.
The Social Representation of Covid-19: How Collective Opinion Influences Individual Behaviour
Authors: CAZAN Stefan
Published: March 2022

The aim of this paper is to argue that people’s decision to not get vaccinated against COVID- 19 – more commonly known as Coronavirus – in Romania is strongly enforced by distrust in what we would call scientific knowledge and an abnormal propensity towards mythical knowledge, regarded by many as nonscientific knowledge. In the following pages, I will present some of the psycho-social arguments regarding the motives of one’s choice of beliefs, the social representations that follow these motives and why the social representations that disregard scientific knowledge tend to have serious consequences on the society.
Zarys problemu nowotworów żeńskich narządów płciowych u dziewcząt i młodych kobiet – aspekty ginekologii wieku rozwojowego i medycyny rodzinnej
Authors: Jarząbek-Bielecka Grażyna , Plagens-Rotman Katarzyna , Warchoł Emilia , Trusz Wojciech , Friebe Zbigniew , Kędzia Witold , Mizgier Małgorzata , Pisarska-Krawczyk Magdalena
Published: March 2022

Family doctors play a huge role in the holistic care of patients, including oncological prophylaxis also in the context of gynecology of developmental age. In the prevention of neoplastic diseases, for example, all activities in the field of family medicine are very important, and regarding pro-health education from an early age: providing patients with knowledge about the harmful effects of smoking, alcohol consumption, the role of physical activity and diet. Although cases of malignant neoplasms in children are not frequent, the specific gravity of the problem makes this issue particularly important in the context of gynecology of developmental age and family medicine. These issues discussed in the paper are also important in the context of developmental medicine. It is a branch of clinical and theoretical medicine dealing with tracking the regularities and disorders of human somatic and mental development from the moment birth until the end of the puberty process. Unfortunately, health problems, including oncological diseases, also occur in the developmental period.
Standards of anal fissure management in Europe and the United States
Authors: Kołodziejczak Małgorzata , Ciesielski Przemysław , Kucharczyk Agnieszka
Published: March 2022

Anal fissure is the second most common proctological disorder after haemorrhoids. The majority of researchers agree that conservative treatment should be the first stage of anal fissure management. The procedures used for the treatment of anal fissure are the biggest subject of disagreement. The aim of this article is to review and compare thedifferences in the methods of anal fissure management in certain European countries and in the United States. Anal fissure treatment varies between different countries. In many algorithms, fissurectomy combined with anal skin advancement flap reconstruction is listed as the first treatment option. Posterior sphincterotomy, which is frequently performed in Poland, is not included in any of the algorithms quoted in this paper; lateral sphincterotomy is preferred instead. No algorithm recommends manual anal dilation, which is consistent with our observations that this procedure is associated with uncontrolled tearing of sphincter muscle fibres and a high risk of incontinence. This article reviews and compares the differences in the methods of anal fissure treatment in certain European countries and in the United States.
TINJAUAN KINERJA INLET JALAN UNTUK MENGURANGI GENANGAN AKIBAT LIMPASAN HUJAN
Authors: Fardila Dinda , Setiya Utami Salasia Tajunnisa , Tasyah Alifia Yadira
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh kondisi pada saat musim hujan terjadi genangan pada ruas jalan akibat hambatan samping bahu jalan. Tujuan penelitian untuk menentukan nilai intensitas tinggi curah hujan pada jalan, pengujian perbandingan nilai debit limpasan terhadap jumlah street inlet sesuai kondisi di lapangan, pengaruh street inlet terhadap volume ruas jalan pada hambatan batu kerikil, dan nilai koefisien limpasan sesuai daerah aliran.

Dari uji penelitian didapatkan hasil, pengujian intensitas hujan dengan nilai rata-rata 1 lubang inlet adalah 1,87 mm/menit, 2 lubang inlet yaitu 1,90 mm/menit, dan 3 lubang inlet sebesar 2,06 mm/menit. Kemudian hasil analisis debit limpasan menunjukkan debit limpasan pada 1 lubang inlet lebih kecil dari debit limpasan 2 lubang inlet dan 3 lubang inlet. Untuk pengujian volume genangan dengan jumlah 1 lubang inlet terjadi genangan lebih tinggi dari jumlah 2 inlet, sedangkan 3 inlet lebih rendah genangannya. Selanjutnya hasil pengujian koefisien limpasan sesuai ketetapan pada tabel koefisien pengaliran.
Factors that influence the care of family members of patients with brain death
Authors: Pedroso Alves Murilo , Rodrigues Estacio Franciele , Eduarda Grams Salum Maria , Vitoria de Azevedo Knoblaush Maria , Lorenzini Erdmann Alacoque
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: compreender os fatores intervenientes decorrentes do cuidado de Enfermagem aos familiares de pacientes com diagnóstico de morte encefálica. Métodos: estudo qualitativo com aporte teórico e metodológico na Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados (TFD). O cenário do estudo foi a Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital referência no cuidado ao paciente em morte encefálica e na doação de órgãos e tecidos no Sul do Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu de setembro a novembro de 2014, compondo a amostragem teórica 23 participantes distribuídos em três grupos amostrais. Resultados: os fatores intervenientes identificados foram: os familiares não possuíam clareza acerca do diagnóstico de morte encefálica e, consequentemente, de todo o processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos. O reconhecimento desses fatores evidencia a Enfermagem como profissão e ciência indispensável nesse contexto. A Comissão Intra-Hospitalar de Doação de Órgãos e Tecidos para Transplantes é um recurso importante para a instrumentalização da Enfermagem, no cuidado e abordagem dos familiares de pacientes com diagnóstico de morte encefálica. Conclusão: o reconhecimento desses fatores pelo enfermeiro pode orientar e otimizar a prática clínica de enfermagem nesse contexto, contribuindo para processos mais ágeis, seguros e assertivos.
Uncovering Teachers’ Implicit Leadership Theories for School Administrators: A Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Aypay Ahmet , Kaşarcı İsmail , Dönmez Ayşe , Özdemir Murat
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This study attempted to expand the existing knowledge regarding school administrators’ effective and ineffective leadership behaviours and traits based on the perceptions of teacher respondents.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The basic interpretive qualitative approach was adopted to scrutinize and discover the cultural attributions of the participating teachers. Research data were collected from 64 teachers working at a metropolitan city centre in mid-western Turkey. The respondents were asked to list the effective and ineffective characteristics of a school leader.

Findings: A total of 379 expressions (249 effective, 130 ineffective) defining leader behaviours and traits were obtained. On average, there were 5.92 (SD: 2.06; min.=2, max.=9) expressions per participating teacher. We found seven effective leader behavioural themes with a total of 38 leader attributes and five ineffective leader behavioural themes with 27 leader attributes.

Implications/Originality/Value: A seven-themed taxonomy of educational leadership behaviours was created. The results implied that communication skills and being an expert in the post are crucial as highlighted both by effective and ineffective leader attributes. The paper was concluded by offering some implications.
Sigale-gale samosir: from the sacred to the secular | Sigale-gale samosir: dari yang sakral menjadi sekular
Authors: Minawati Rosta , Alamo Enrico
Published: March 2022

Sigale-gale is a life-sized wooden puppet carved in the likeness of a human male. It is used during burial rituals and in modern Sigale-gale dance performances in the Toba Batak community, Samosir, North Sumatra. The traditional myth of sigale-gale has become folklore which depicts the making of a wooden statue in human form given to Raja Rahat who is ill because his favorite son Manggale died in the battle. The sigale-gale is used by the community as well in funeral ceremonies for the dead who have died childless. In contemporary practice sigale-gale has been reconceived as public performance mostly for tourists. The sigale-gale thus now functions differently socially and culturally, moving from the mythological towards the worldly. The sigale-gale dance was originally only accompanied by the music of sordam but mostly now by a mixed ensemble comprised of taganing, gong, and suling. A performance can include five to seven dancers (panortor). Sigale-gale also vary in size from human dimensions as well as smaller or even bigger. Sigale-gale in its new forms represents an effort to sustain the cultural values of the Toba Batak.
 
Patung sigale-gale terbuat dari kayu yang dipahat menyerupai manusia (laki-laki) digunakan saat ritual pemakaman dan dalam pertunjukan tari sigale-gale baru di masyarakat Batak Toba, Samosir, Sumatera Utara. Mitos keberadaan sigale-gale menjadi folklore yang menceritakan pembuatan patung kayu menyerupai manusia dipersembahkan kepada Raja Rahat yang sakit karena anaknya tewas di medan pertempuran. Sigale-gale digunakan pada upacara kematian yang tidak memiliki keturunan. Dalam perkembangannya, sigale-gale menjadi seni pertunjukan untuk menghibur wisatawan. Fungsi sigale-gale secara sosial budaya menjadi berbeda, yakni dari sakral ke profan. Awalnya sigale-gale hanya diiringi musik Sordam dan Sabangunan, tetapi di masa kini pertunjukan sigale-gale diiringi musik gondang, gong dan suling. Pertunjukan sigale-gale terdapat panortor lima sampai tujuh orang. Ukuran patung sigale-gale bervariasi, ada yang tinggi seukuran manusia ada juga yang memiliki ukuran tubuh lebih kecil ataupun lebih besar. Unsur pertunjukan terdiri dari: Sigale-gale, musik dan tor-tor (tari). Sigale-gale dalam bentuk baru merupakan upaya pelestarian nilai-nilai budaya masyarakat Batak Toba.
Respons Anatomi dan Kadar Asam Oksalat Tumbuhan Amorphophallus muelleri Blume Pada Lingkungan yang Berbeda
Authors: Apriliani Nailiz Zakiyah , Yuliani Yuliani
Published: March 2022

Tumbuhan Amorphophallus muelleri Blume tumbuh pada lingkungan yang berbeda. Perbedaan tersebut memberikan respons yang berbeda secara morfologi, anatomi, fisiologi, dan biokimia. Tumbuhan ini mengasilkan umbi yang memiliki kadar asam oksalat tinggi. Asam oksalat dapat menyebabkan rasa gatal, iritasi (rasa panas dimulut), dan kristalisasi dalam ginjal (batu ginjal) jika dikonsumsi dalam jumlah besar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendiskripsikan respons anatomi dan kadar asam oksalat tumbuhan A. muelleri Blume pada lingkungan yang berbeda. Pengambilan sampel tumbuhan menggunakan metode purposive sampling yang dilakukan di tiga lokasi yaitu Desa Kowel Kec. Pamekasan-Madura, Desa Sambikerep Kec. Rejoso-Nganjuk, dan Desa panglungan Kec. Wonosalam-Jombang. Respons anatomi dan kadar asam oksalat dianalisis menggunakan uji statistika deskriptif dan hubungan antara faktor lingkungan dengan anatomi dan kadar asam oksalat menggunakan uji Cannonical Correlation Analysis (CCA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara faktor lingkungan meliputi klimaterik dan edafik dengan respons anatomi yaitu kerapatan stomata, ketebalan epidermis, dan ketebalan palisade serta kadar asam oksalat. Desa Kowel memiliki respons anatomi tertinggi yaitu kerapatan stomata sebesar 120,255 ï­m, ketebalan epidermis 41,5 ï­m dan ketebalan palisade 113,5 ï­m, sedangkan Kadar asam oksalat tertinggi ada pada Desa Panglungan yaitu 427,09 ppm. Pada penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan kadar asam oksalat yang rendah maka tumbuhan A. muelleri Blume sebaiknya ditanam pada dataran rendah.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Holothuria leucospilota terhadap Aktivitas Fagositosis Sel Makrofag pada Mencit (Mus musculus) yang Diinduksi Alkohol
Authors: Nasrulia Firda , Qomariyah Nur , Purnama Erlix Rakhmad
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak Holothuria leucospilota terhadap aktivitas fagositosis makrofag mencit yang diinduksi alkohol dan mengidentifikasi dosis ekstrak yang optimal sebagai imunomodulator. Mencit jantan dikelompokkan dalam 6 kelompok (4 mencit setiap kelompok): yang terdiri dari kontrol positif, kontrol negatif, serta kelompok perlakuan ekstrak Holothuria leucospilota dosis 0,61; 1,03; 1,45; dan 1,87 mg/20 g BB. Minuman beralkohol diberikan selama 8 hari dan pemberian ekstrak Holothuria leucospilota diberikan sebanyak 3 kali sehari selama 12 hari. Mencit dibedah dan diambil cairan intraperitoneal satu hari setelah perlakuan terakhir. Digunakan suspensi yeast sebagai bahan uji aktivitas fagositosis makrofag. Pembuatan preparat apusan menggunakan carbol fuchsin dan crystal violet. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis dengan Uji Parametrik ANOVA lalu dilanjutkan dengan Uji Tukey. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik diketahui ekstrak Holothuria leucospilota berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas fagositosis sel makrofag, yang ditunjukkan dengan menggunakan Uji Parametrik ANOVA dengan hasil p < 0,05. Aktivitas fagositosis sel makrofag mengalami peningkatan sesuai dengan pemberian ekstrak Holothuria leucospilota. Dosis eksrak Holothuria leucospilota yang paling optimum dalam meningkatkan aktivitas fagositosis sel makrofag ialah dosis tertinggi, yaitu dosis 1,87 mg/20 gBB.
APPROPRIATE METHOD FOR FARMACOECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES EFFICACY IN CHILDREN WITH ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA
Authors: I.A. Shifrin , Blinov Blinov , A.I. Karachunskiy
Published: March 2022

Pharmacoeconomics of therapeutic strategies for orphan diseases in pediatrics remains an understudied area, despite the critical importance of this type of work in determining the optimal and most rational treatment tactics from a clinical and economic perspective. Currently, great advances have been made in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), including the use of monoclonal antibodies (MA). The aim of this article is to evaluate the most rational method of clinical and economic evaluation of the use of MA in children with primary ALL in comparison with the standard therapy from the perspective of the public health system of the Russian Federation. Data from the TOWER and INO-VATE-ALL studies were used for clinical and economic evaluation of the efficacy of MA in the treatment of ALL. Complete response or complete response with partial or incomplete hematological remission were used as endpoints. Partitioned survival model B-GEM (transitional model for chronic conditions), which used 3 transitional states to which the patient progressed from the initial state (first 12 weeks, according to the TOWER study): response, refractory/relapsed, death was used for the analysis. Taking into account the described required adjustments, this clinical and economic analysis of the use of MA in the therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in pediatric patients from the perspective of organization of medical care for children in the Russian Federation can be conducted using the B-GEM model after making the required changes in the presented model, considering the urgency of the problem and the absence of similar studies in pediatric patients in global practice.
El impacto de la implementación de la Ley de prevención de violencia del 2018 en el núcleo familiar en el Ecuador
Authors: Ortiz Guarnizo Michelle Alexandra , Ochoa Merino Dora Daniela
Published: March 2022

La administración de la implementación de las políticas enfocadas en la erradicación de la violencia de género, es rol del Estado; a través de los mecanismos de atención y acceso a la justica que debe proporcionar a las personas vulnerables, a fines de garantizar su protección. Ello es, por medio del ejercicio de justicia con un enfoque integral que alcance la prevención, la atención y las sanciones imprescindibles. Desde la entrada en vigencia de la Ley Orgánica Integral para la Prevención y Erradicación de la Violencia de Género contra las Mujeres se han generado espacios y acciones que impactan en la sociedad ecuatoriana. Ha sido en base a esto es que ha surgido el interés por desarrollar el presente estudio, el cual tuvo por objeto la revisión de la bibliografía disponible digitalmente. Para ello, se desarrolló una investigación de diseño bibliográfico, bajo una metodología de revisión. En los resultados, se presenta como evidencia varios criterios de expertos que explican en perspectiva la situación de la violencia de género tanto dentro como fuera de Ecuador, datos estadísticos asociados de organismos nacionales e internacionales y acepciones entorno al criterio de evaluación de una ley. En definitiva, no se hallaron recursos bibliográficos en los que se aclare cuál o cómo ha sido el impacto de la implementación de la LOIPEVCM de 2018 en el núcleo familiar en el Ecuador, por lo que entonces fue posible atreverse a inferir que el impacto de ésta ley, pudiera verificarse y considerarse en la trascendencia que han representado las casas de acogida, el Registro Único de Violencia (RUV), la activación del Sistema Nacional de Erradicación de la Violencia de Género, promulgación del Plan Nacional para Prevenir y Erradicar la Violencia contra las Mujeres 2020-2030, entre otros.
DEFINITION OF NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ZINC IN BROILERS USING BAYESIAN METHODOLOGY
Authors: MANGUEIRA Rick Anderson Freire , SAVIAN Taciana Villela , LEANDRO Roseli Aparecida
Published: March 2022

Studies about nutritional requirements of animals are important, among other reasons, in order to have an adequate knowledge of the essential levels of minerals added in feed, and thus, to produce it efficiently, to avoid elimination of minerals through feces and urine and prevent intoxication of the animal due to excess of a certain nutrient. The data used for the study are related to Zinc (Zn) content, in ppm, in the broilers’ tibia that received the same feed with nine different dosages of zinc. The quadratic segmented regression model with response plateau and the nonlinear segmented regression model with response plateau were fitted to data, using a bayesian approach and considering cases of homogeneity and heterogeneity of variances. The fitted models considering heterogeneity of variances were more appropriate for the data, according to the DIC fit criterion.
DETECTION OF CANCER IN ANIMAL TISSUES: A WAVELET APPROACH
Authors: SÁFADI Thelma
Published: March 2022

Considering that the biospeckle laser is a dynamic interferometric phenomenon adopted as a tool to monitor changes in biological samples and that the temporal variation of speckle pattern depend on the activity level of the sample surface illuminated, this work proposes to analyse the time-varying scale-mixing matrix. Using two-dimensional scale-mixing wavelet transform several descriptive summaries varying on time are derived. These descriptors are signature of image regularity and fractality useful in tissue classification. In this work we propose to verify the behavior of the energy-flux between the scales, considering a set of 128 images to classifying cancer areas in images of an anaplastic mammary carcinoma in a female canine and in images of skin cancer in a cat obtained over time. The time-varying spectral slopes applied in the analysis of dissimilarities of tissues allowed to note that healthy area descriptors have lower values than cancer area descriptors, resulting in higher Hurst exponents. By using scaling properties of tissue images, we have captured information contained in the background tissue of images which is not utilized when only considering traditional morphological analysis.
Peopling Technoscience: Locating the Sciences and Publics of Air Pollution in Delhi
Authors: NEGI ROHIT , SRIGYAN PRERNA
Published: March 2022

Delhi’s toxic air, especially in the last decade, has invited a technoscientific scramble to understand, interpret, and provide fixes. The process takes place at a particular historical conjuncture marked by heightened scientism, the dominance of the market, and the splintering of scientific knowledge and practices. Technoscientific interest in air is then varied, and produces competing perspectives and policy interventions, further complicated by the state’s persistent denialism on the one hand, and a push towards a national scientific project on the other. Yet, the issue is framed in a manner that papers over tensions and sutures within the technosciences, and privileges analysis and action that are abstracted from the lived experiences of the urban majority. In this article, we trace the emergence of the technosciences of air in Delhi and locate ‘the people’ in it, before moving to a more localised and situated understanding of air to argue that residents know air pollution in ways that differ from the technosciences, but are critical to appreciate and engage with, if alliances and effective actions are to be forged. We point towards greater emphasis on health to bring together technoscientific and popular praxis around air pollution.
Improving student learning outcomes through the application of the revised jigsaw collaborative learning model on impulse and momentum material
Authors: Ointu Novita Novi , Yusuf Muhammad , Ntobuo Nova Elysia
Published: March 2022

This research aims to improve student learning outcomes by applying the revised jigsaw collaborative learning model. This research is conducted at a public high school (SMA Negeri) in Posigadan, Indonesia. The research subjects are the tenth-grade student of SMA Negeri Posigadan, totaling 17 students. This research is conducted in 1 cycle consisting of 3 meetings. The data collection instruments are tests to measure the learning outcomes, observation sheets of student activities, and learning implementation sheets. Based on the data analysis at cycle 1, findings reveal that the classical completeness is 100% totaling 17 students, student activities account for 87%, obtaining excellent and good criteria, and the learning implementation reaches 94.7%. It signifies that the success indicators of this cycle are well-improve the learning implementation, student activities, and student learning outcomes.
“Itku on partasuun urohon, jouhileuan juorottama”
Authors: Isomaa Saija , Kankkunen Sarianna
Published: March 2022

Artikkeli tarkastelee miesten itkumotiivia kolmessa 1800-luvun suomalaisessa eepoksessa eli Elias Lönnrotin Kalevalassa, J.L. Runebergin Elgskyttarnessa ja Aleksis Kiven Seitsemässä veljeksessä. Tarkoituksena on tarkastella miesten itkun kuvauksia ja suhteuttaa niitä pohjoisten tunteiden kehykseen eli pohjoisuuteen liitettyihin tunnerekistereihin.
Analyysissamme käy ilmi, että kaikki yllä mainitut eepokset – Seitsemän veljeksen tapauksessa kyse on eeposromaanista – kytkeytyvät monin eri tavoin antiikin eepostraditioon. Erityisesti Kalevalassa esiintyvä miespäähenkilön itkumotiivi on hyvin lähellä homeerista perinnettä. Elgskyttarnessa asetelma on sikäli erilainen, että itku ei heijastele homeerisen eepoksen itkumotiivia vaan teoksessa kuvatun yhteisön sosiaalista hierarkiaa; hierarkiassa alin, kerjuri Aron, itkee eniten. Seitsemässä veljestä puolestaan katsoo ylevää itkumotiivia vinoon ja muuntaa sen koomiseksi.
Artikkelimme tarkastelee teosten itkumotiivia suhteessa käsityksiin pohjoisesta ilmansuunnasta ja siihen kuuluvasta tunnerekisteristä. Tarkastelemistamme teoksista erityisesti Elgskyttarne kytkeytyy romantiikan käsitykseen siitä, että pohjoinen on melankolian ilmansuunta. Myös Kalevalassa miesten itku liittyy pikemminkin introspektioon kuin ulospäin suuntautuvaan raivoon. Seitsemän veljeksen kohdalla koomiseksi kääntyvän itkun voi tulkita pohjoisuuteen liitetyn ns. jalon villin idean kriittiseksi esitykseksi.
Escala de actitudes hacia la estadística descriptiva y su enseñanza para profesores de matemáticas
Authors: Ruz Felipe , Molina-Portillo Elena , Contreras José Miguel
Published: March 2022

En este trabajo, exponemos los resultados de examinar la validez y estructura de la Escala de Actitudes hacia el Contenido de Estadística Descriptiva y su Enseñanza (EAEDE), con una muestra de 126 futuros profesores de matemática españoles y chilenos. Siguiendo una metodología cuantitativa, profundizamos en dar validación al instrumento en cuestión, refiriéndonos a su confiabilidad y validez de constructo, para luego hacer un estudio descriptivo para cada componente. Los resultados se organizan en dos partes, la primera sobre las características psicométricas de la escala y la segunda sobre las actitudes específicas de la muestra analizada. Se concluye que los participantes declaran una actitud positiva frente al contenido y su enseñanza, proyectando a la EAEDE como un instrumento con buenas características para identificar aspectos actitudinales en estos profesionales.