bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surgical Management of Pachyonychia Congenita in a 3-Year-Old
Authors: Sudduth Jack D. , Clinker Christopher , Holdaway Matthew , Marquez Jessica L. , Veith Jacob , Wright Thomas , Rockwell W. Bradford
Published: December 2023

Pachyonychia congenita is a rare genetic disorder characterized by hypertrophic nail plates, hyperkeratotic nail beds, and thickened hyponychium of the fingers and toes, impairing manual dexterity and resulting in poor aesthetics. The current body of literature describes various treatment modalities, but no singular approach has been defined as the gold standard. In this case, the authors employed different surgical techniques for treating pachyonychia congenita to evaluate the most effective approach. A 3-year-old boy presented with hypertrophic nail growth involving all digits of both hands and feet. Three surgical procedures were performed on the patient's fingers and toes using germinal matrix excision (GME) alone, GME plus partial sterile matrix excision (pSME), or GME plus complete sterile matrix excision (cSME). The digits treated with GME + cSME exhibited no recurrence of nail growth. Those treated with GME alone exhibited recurrence of hypertrophic nail growth, although their growth slowed. Excision of GME + cSME prevented recurrence of hypertrophic nails, while GME alone or with pSME led to slower-growing hypertrophic nails. Complete excision of the germinal and sterile matrices with skin graft closure may be a definitive treatment for pachyonychia congenita, but further studies are needed to validate these findings.
Response of photo-elasto-electric semiconductor porosity medium according to changing thermal conductivity with two-temperature
Authors: Elamin Mahjoub A. , El-Sapa Shreen , Chtioui Houda , Chteoui Riadh , Anwer Nermin , El-Bary Alaa , Tantawi Ramadan S. , Lotfy Khaled
Published: December 2023

This study examines a new model for a solid semiconductor porosity medium with variable thermal conductivity under photo-thermoelastic conditions using two-temperature theory. A normal mode analysis is carried out to solve the equations in two dimensions analytically while taking into account the linear relationship between thermal conductivity and temperature. Physical fields, such as carrier density distribution, temperature, stress, and displacement, are then determined. The interaction between plasma and elastic waves is also considered. The simulation is conducted using silicon material, and the numerical calculations are illustrated graphically. This study investigates the effects of different porosity parameters (with and without porosity), thermal variable conductivity, and the two-temperature parameter on the physical field values.
Kingfisher: contemplating the connection between nature and humans through science, art, literature, and lived experiences
Authors: Vuong Quan-Hoang , Nguyen Minh-Hoang
Published: December 2023

Due to rapid urbanisation, the separation between humans and nature is a critical issue that leads to the eco-deficit culture and hinders efforts to alleviate climate change and biodiversity crises. In this essay, using the most recent scientific findings, we argue that the kingfisher, as a symbolic representation of nature, can act as a bridge that connects humans and nature through many pathways. In science, the kingfisher can be used as an indicator species to evaluate the environmental alterations of the wetland ecosystems, facilitating conservation efforts. In addition, the kingfisher’s behaviours embedded in the indigenous communities’ knowledge systems to predict environmental variability can be valuable resources for developing community science. The images, memories, and feelings associated with the species can also connect humans’ mental realms with the world of other sentient beings, gradually building humans’ perceived values of the natural world. With these benefits, with the kingfisher being a symbolic representation, wildlife can play a crucial role in restoring the lost bond between humans and the natural environment. Establishing a stronger connection between humans and nature is expected to significantly impact the transformation of human value systems from eco-deficit to eco-surplus mindsets. Moreover, for the kingfisher to play its role in connecting humans and the natural environment, conservation must be prioritised before some kingfisher species become extinct (e.g. Tasmanian azure kingfisher, Javan blue-banded kingfisher, Mangareva kingfisher, Sangihe dwarf kingfisher, etc.).
Building workforce capacity to address substance use in primary health care: preliminary results from a mixed-methods pilot program
Authors: Stevens Matthew W. R. , Ivers Rowena , Telenta Joanne , Ali Robert L.
Published: December 2023

Background Primary health care is critical to the prevention of alcohol, tobacco and other drug-related harms. Scaling-up screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment (SBIRT) within primary health care can reduce the burden of substance-related diseases, and improve downstream healthcare services. Building knowledge, skills and confidence among general practitioners (GPs), particularly in rural, regional and remote areas, to deliver SBIRT is an essential step. Therefore, this study aimed to pilot test a skills-based training program for GPs designed to build capacity for SBIRT delivery. Methods This pilot study investigated the acceptability of a structured, educational skills-based training program among GPs, as well as its preliminary effectiveness in inducing changes in confidence to deliver SBIRT, and in increasing knowledge about low-risk alcohol guidance. The training package was designed by experts in addiction medicine and public health, and involved a series of online webinars and in-person workshops at four locations across the South Eastern NSW Primary Healthcare Network catchment. Results A total of 18 GPs registered for the training, with six completing the final webinar. The GPs who completed all sessions demonstrated increases in confidence to deliver SBIRT and alcohol guidance knowledge from baseline. Qualitative feedback found the program acceptable, and GPs were able to successfully implement learnings into practice, and promote to colleagues. Conclusions The results indicated the potential of this program at a national level, but highlighted the need for a range of additional incentives to encourage uptake and ongoing implementation.
Genomic loci influence patterns of structural covariance in the human brain
Authors: Wen Junhao , Nasrallah Ilya M. , Abdulkadir Ahmed , Satterthwaite Theodore D. , Yang Zhijian , Erus Guray , Robert-Fitzgerald Timothy , Singh Ashish , Sotiras Aristeidis , Boquet-Pujadas Aleix , Mamourian Elizabeth , Doshi Jimit , Cui Yuhan , Srinivasan Dhivya , Skampardoni Ioanna , Chen Jiong , Hwang Gyujoon , Bergman Mark , Bao Jingxuan , Veturi Yogasudha , Zhou Zhen , Yang Shu , Dazzan Paola , Kahn Rene S. , Schnack Hugo G. , Zanetti Marcus V. , Meisenzahl Eva , Busatto Geraldo F. , Crespo-Facorro Benedicto , Pantelis Christos , Wood Stephen J. , Zhuo Chuanjun , Shinohara Russell T. , Gur Ruben C. , Gur Raquel E. , Koutsouleris Nikolaos , Wolf Daniel H. , Saykin Andrew J. , Ritchie Marylyn D. , Shen Li , Thompson Paul M. , Colliot Olivier , Wittfeld Katharina , Grabe Hans J. , Tosun Duygu , Bilgel Murat , An Yang , Marcus Daniel S. , LaMontagne Pamela , Heckbert Susan R. , Austin Thomas R. , Launer Lenore J. , Espeland Mark , Masters Colin L. , Maruff Paul , Fripp Jurgen , Johnson Sterling C. , Morris John C. , Albert Marilyn S. , Bryan R. Nick , Resnick Susan M. , Fan Yong , Habes Mohamad , Wolk David , Shou Haochang , Davatzikos Christos
Published: December 2023

Normal and pathologic neurobiological processes influence brain morphology in coordinated ways that give rise to patterns of structural covariance (PSC) across brain regions and individuals during brain aging and diseases. The genetic underpinnings of these patterns remain largely unknown. We apply a stochastic multivariate factorization method to a diverse population of 50,699 individuals (12 studies and 130 sites) and derive data-driven, multi-scale PSCs of regional brain size. PSCs were significantly correlated with 915 genomic loci in the discovery set, 617 of which are newly identified, and 72% were independently replicated. Key pathways influencing PSCs involve reelin signaling, apoptosis, neurogenesis, and appendage development, while pathways of breast cancer indicate potential interplays between brain metastasis and PSCs associated with neurodegeneration and dementia. Using support vector machines, multi-scale PSCs effectively derive imaging signatures of several brain diseases. Our results elucidate genetic and biological underpinnings that influence structural covariance patterns in the human brain.
Identification of a muropeptide precursor transporter from gut microbiota and its role in preventing intestinal inflammation
Authors: Liuu Sophie , Nepelska Malgorzata , Pfister Hélène , Gamelas Magalhaes Joao , Chevalier Gregoire , Strozzi Francesco , Billerey Coline , Maresca Marc , Nicoletti Cendrine , Di Pasquale Eric , Pechard Charlie , Bardouillet Laureen , Girardin Stephen E. , Boneca Ivo Gomperts , Doré Joel , Blottière Hervé M. , Bonny Christophe , Chene Laurent , Cultrone Antonietta
Published: December 2023

The gut microbiota is a considerable source of biologically active compounds that can promote intestinal homeostasis and improve immune responses. Here, we used large expression libraries of cloned metagenomic DNA to identify compounds able to sustain an anti-inflammatory reaction on host cells. Starting with a screen for NF-κB activation, we have identified overlapping clones harbouring a heterodimeric ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-transporter from a Firmicutes. Extensive purification of the clone’s supernatant demonstrates that the ABC-transporter allows for the efficient extracellular accumulation of three muropeptide precursor, with anti-inflammatory properties. They induce IL-10 secretion from human monocyte-derived dendritic cells and proved effective in reducing AIEC LF82 epithelial damage and IL-8 secretion in human intestinal resections. In addition, treatment with supernatants containing the muropeptide precursor reduces body weight loss and improves histological parameters in Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-treated mice. Until now, the source of peptidoglycan fragments was shown to come from the natural turnover of the peptidoglycan layer by endogenous peptidoglycan hydrolases. This is a report showing an ABC-transporter as a natural source of secreted muropeptide precursor and as an indirect player in epithelial barrier strengthening. The mechanism described here might represent an important component of the host immune homeostasis.
Recontextualizing Nouvelle Vague cinema in Québec
Authors: Díaz-Cintas Jorge , Mus Francis
Published: December 2023

In this contribution, we examine the relationship between text and context in multimodal translation practices by
focusing on the Québécois film À tout prendre (1963; directed by Claude Jutra) and its English version,
Take It All (translated by Leonard Cohen). The first two sections provide contextual information, while Section 3 is dedicated to a comparative analysis, in which a more central role is given to the
film itself and to the archival documents (such as draft versions of the French script and the English translation). On the whole,
Take It All results from a complex interplay of factors: the overuse of reduction (condensation and deletion)
despite the absence of spatial or temporal limitations; Cohen’s limited translation experience, combined with his influential
profile as an artist; and the assumed intended target audience. The subtitles serve as an ancillary device, offering a minimalist
representation of the original dialogue. Regarding the linguistic transfer itself, no misunderstandings have been encountered,
although the translation can be said to diverge substantially from the original in numerous respects. Consequently, the English
version exhibits a less intricate network of interrelationships and it can be argued that the subtitles have not significantly
contributed to the film’s internationalization journey.
Mentor initialed multiparty hierarchical joint remote preparation of an arbitrary n-qudit state via generalized Bell states
Authors: Jing Rui-Heng , Huang Yu-Bin , Bi An-An , Luo Wen-Wen , Zhou Ping , Lan Qi
Published: December 2023

We propose a protocol to Mentor initiated hierarchical joint remote prepare the arbitrary n-qudit state with generalized Bell states.The agents share generalized Bell states with the Mentor. The Mentor performs five-qudit projective measurements on his entangled particles to initiate the quantum channel shared by the agents. All the senders share the information of the prepared state and make quantum measurements on their particles based on the state to be prepared. The agent in the upper grade needs only the assistance of one of the agents in the lower grade to reconstruct the original state, while the agents in the lower grade need the assistance of all the other agents to recover the original state. It is more convenient in application than others since the agents in the protocol only requires two-particle entanglement for Mentor initiated hierarchical joint remote preparation of an arbitrary n-qudit state.
ZnS nanocrystallites as fluorescent probe for selective detection of bilirubin
Authors: Jibin P O , Jose Manjusha Rose , Ann Mary K A
Published: December 2023

Selective determination of bilirubin is much essential to identify neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Herein, we present a simple and precise method for quantitative measuring of bilirubin levels using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) capped ZnS nanocrystallites (ZSP). The crystalline structure and purity are studied from x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and the transmission electron microscope (TEM) images. The optical characteristics are analyzed using UV-visible absorption and photoluminescence spectra. For ZSP, the estimated value for the optical band gap is 4.06 eV, surpassing the band gap value of uncapped ZnS (3.89 eV). Upon 265 nm excitation, ZSP nanocrystallites exhibits blue emission peaked at 371 nm wavelength. The fluorescence intensity shows a consistent reduction as the bilirubin concentration rises from 3.0 μM to 80 μM. The spectral overlap between the emission spectrum of ZSP and the absorption spectrum of bilirubin, results in fluorescence attenuation due to the inner filter effect (IFE). The ZnS nanocrystallites exhibit remarkable fluorescence properties and demonstrate high sensitivity in detecting bilirubin, achieving a limit of detection (L.O.D) as low as 56 nM. The selectivity of bilirubin over certain co-existing biomolecules is also analyzed. The utility of the fluorescence probe for practical use is confirmed in spiked human serum and urine samples.
Leptonic di-flavor and di-number violation processes at high energy
colliders*
Authors: Yang 杨 Jin-Lei 金磊 , Chang 张 Chao-Hsi 肇西 , Feng 冯 Tai-Fu 太傅
Published: December 2023

The leptonic di-flavor violation (LFV) processes

and

and leptonic di-number violation (LNV) processes

(

) at same-sign high energy

colliders are studied. The new physics (NP) factors that may play roles in these processes are highlighted by cataloging them into three types. Taking into account the experimental constraints, the processes at

colliders are computed, and the results are presented properly. The results lead to the conclusion that observing the NP factors through the LFV and LNV processes at TeV-energy

colliders has significant advantages that cannot be achieved elsewhere. Therefore, once the techniques for muon acceleration and collision are developed successfully, the option of building same-sign high energy muon colliders should be seriously considered.
Roadmap towards the redefinition of the second
Authors: Dimarcq N , Gertsvolf M , Mileti G , Bize S , Oates C W , Peik E , Calonico D , Ido T , Tavella P , Meynadier F , Petit G , Panfilo G , Bartholomew J , Defraigne P , Donley E A , Hedekvist P O , Sesia I , Wouters M , Dubé P , Fang F , Levi F , Lodewyck J , Margolis H S , Newell D , Slyusarev S , Weyers S , Uzan J-P , Yasuda M , Yu D-H , Rieck C , Schnatz H , Hanado Y , Fujieda M , Pottie P-E , Hanssen J , Malimon A , Ashby N
Published: December 2023

This paper outlines the roadmap towards the redefinition of the second, which was recently updated by the CCTF Task Force created by the CCTF in 2020. The main achievements of optical frequency standards (OFS) call for reflection on the redefinition of the second, but open new challenges related to the performance of the OFS, their contribution to time scales and UTC, the possibility of their comparison, and the knowledge of the Earth’s gravitational potential to ensure a robust and accurate capacity to realize a new definition at the level of 10−18uncertainty. The mandatory criteria to be achieved before redefinition have been defined and their current fulfilment level is estimated showing the fields that still needed improvement. The possibility to base the redefinition on a single or on a set of transitions has also been evaluated. The roadmap indicates the steps to be followed in the next years to be ready for a sound and successful redefinition.
Stochastic modelling of daily air pollution in Burgas, Bulgaria
Authors: Koleva S K , Gocheva-Ilieva S G , Kulina H N
Published: December 2023

Exceeding the norms and limits of atmospheric air pollution causes enormous damage to the population’s health and the environment. Determining the factors affecting air quality is a current task in a local, regional, and global scale. In this study, we use daily time series data for the main air pollutants in Burgas, Bulgaria – O3, NO, NO2, CO, SO2, and PM10, to analyze, model, and forecast these levels depending on meteorological factors. For this purpose, the stochastic ARIMA method and ARIMA with transfer functions are applied. Results are obtained for univariate and multivariate time series. Particular attention is paid to the concentrations of the secondary pollutant ground-level ozone (O3), which are modelled as a function of all variables considered. Results were evaluated using root mean square error, mean absolute percentage errors, and the coefficient of determination. Short-term forecasts have been obtained for seven days ahead. Model accuracy up to 84% has been established.
Intuitionistic fuzzy seasonal variation analysis of marine biotoxin distribution in the Black Sea
Authors: Traneva Velichka , Tranev Stoyan
Published: December 2023

It is crucial to establish a seasonal dependence on the levels of marine biotoxins in the Black Sea to impose seasonal prohibitions on the gathering of marine species in this sea and safeguard human health. Fisher’s analysis of variance (ANOVA) is a statistical technique for assessing how various variables affect a collection of data. In some cases, research must be carried out in an uncertain environment, with missing or insufficient data. An approach for solving this imprecision when a data set occurs in an ambiguous context is intuitionistic fuzzy logic, which Atanassov introduced in 1983. Compared to fuzzy data, intuitionistic fuzzy (IF) data also has a hesitation degree. In 2020, we first suggested the one-way (1-D) IFANOVA and the software utility for its performance, combining traditional variational analysis with modeling opportunities of Index Matrices (IMs) and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets (IFSs). The current study focuses on 1-D IFANOVA of the distribution of marine biotoxins in the Black Sea by the “season” factor on the IF dataset of the number of marine biotoxins for the period from February 1 to July 31, 2021. We will also compare the findings of 1-D IFANOVA and conventional ANOVA performed on the identical data set.
Radiation effects model for Ultra-Thin Silicon Solar Cells
Authors: Fedoseyev Alex , Gurimskaya Yana , Herasimenka Stanislau , Reginevich Mikhail , Cooper Charles , Grdanovska Slavica , Kroc Thomas
Published: December 2023

This work is focused on investigation of radiation effects in Ultra-Thin Silicon solar cells with a particular emphasis on electron irradiation. The study is motivated by the application of these solar cells, developed by Solestial, Inc., for powering space missions, including those led by NASA, the Department Of Defence (DOD), and commercial satellite missions. Our research encompasses both experimental and theoretical approaches, addressing unique challenges posed by ultra-thin solar cell technology that deviates from the traditional models. From the experimental point of view, the test structures were irradiated with 1 MeV electrons up to the fluence of 1E+15 e/cm
2. Radiation effects due to accumulated electron dose were noticed as a drop in open-circuit voltage (Voc
). An analytical expression for modeling the Voc characteristic of the UT-Si cell after exposure to electron irradiation was formulated and subsequently compared with experimental data. The theoretical foundation of the proposed approach builds upon the Non-Ionising Energy Loss (NIEL) concept, a fundamental parameter in addressing radiation damage modelling and survivability predictions.
Logistic probability function: an analysis and modification from the perspective of reaction network theory
Authors: Lazarova Meglena , Markov Svetoslav , Vassilev Andrey
Published: December 2023

In this work we study some characteristics of growth functions of the logistic type. The standard logistic function and the 2-logistic growth function are solutions of ordinary differential equations derived from the perspective of reaction network theory. These solutions are compared in terms of their shape. We are interested in the new 2-logistic probability distribution and its characteristics. Using the tools of reaction network theory and numerical methods we derive some properties of this distribution.
Mathematical modeling of non-stationary deformation of cylindrical structures
Authors: Korotunova O , Mastynovsky Yu , Shyshkanova G
Published: December 2023

The paper investigates the dynamic behavior of a hollow elastic cylinder of finite length, placed in a rigid cylindrical shell, under a sharp change in internal pressure. A numerical solution of a two-dimensional dynamic problem is obtained using the method of spatial characteristics. The stress-strain state of an elastic cylinder is described by a system of hyperbolic equations with two circular conical surfaces as characteristic surfaces. The outer cones correspond to longitudinal waves; the inner ones correspond to transverse waves. The calculations were carried out under various conditions at the ends and the outer (contact) surface of the cylinder and shell. An analysis of the results for a cylinder with load-free ends shows that the absence of gluing the outer surface of the cylinder with the shell leads to a significant increase in the velocities of the points of the cylinder. Under the action of internal pressure, the ends move apart, resulting in a significant increase in the radial velocities of the internal channel. Qualitative patterns of behavior of the structures under consideration, which are widely used in mechanical engineering, on impact-type impacts, can be used to improve and optimize them at the design stage.
Simple layer potential expansion for optimization of contact interaction taking into account friction and adhesion
Authors: Shyshkanova G , Walther A
Published: December 2023

Friction plays a crucial role in the formation of contact problems, particularly through adhesion. This paper focuses on a quasi-static three-dimensional problem of a punch movement along the boundary of an elastic half-space. The investigation considers friction and adhesion forces, employing a two-term friction law. The objective is to optimize the pressure distribution beneath the punch. The shape of the punch serves as the design variable, while the deviation of the pressure distribution, originating from a given one, is minimized. The optimization problem can be divided into two sequentially solvable sub-problems. The first task involves finding a pressure distribution that minimizes the performance functional, which has a known solution. The second problem entails searching for the optimal shape of the punch to achieve the previously determined pressure distribution. A numeric-analytical solution is developed based on the expansion of the simple layer potential. The coefficients characterizing friction and adhesion act as small parameters. The proposed method gives the ability to obtain closed-form formulas in each approximation, enabling convenient qualitative analysis and practical engineering applications. The calculations and analytical dependence reveal an asymmetric distribution of pressure on the contact area, during the movement of an axisymmetric punch.
Parallel scalability of sparse solvers for sparsified fractional diffusion problems discretized with FEM
Authors: Slavchev D , Margenov S
Published: December 2023

Anomalous diffusion is a non-local process that describes a wide spectrum of natural processes and phenomena with many applications in science and technology. It is described mathematically by the fractional Laplace operator. In this work we examine the integral definition of the fractional Laplacian modeled with the Riesz potential and discretized with the finite element method. The thus obtained system of linear algebraic equations is dense due to the non-local nature of the fractional Laplacian and is computationally complex to solve. With LU factorization, for example, solving the problem has an O(N
3) computational complexity, where N is the number of unknowns. However, it can be observed that a large amount of the off-diagonal coefficients have very small absolute values compared to the diagonal coefficients. Those small off-diagonal coefficients can be lumped (set to zero and added to the diagonal coefficient) without significant loss of accuracy. In this work we employ a direct sparse parallel solver to the resultant sparse matrix. We analyze the parallel performance and speed-up, as well as the accuracy, varying the fractional power and the lumping threshold.
Advanced Stochastic Approaches for Fredholm Integral Equations
Authors: Todorov Venelin , Georgiev Slavi
Published: December 2023

Integral equations are of high applicability in different areas of applied mathematics, physics, engineering, geophysics, electricity and magnetism, kinetic theory of gases, quantum mechanics, mathematical economics, and queuing theory. That is why it is reasonable to develop and study efficient and reliable approaches to solve integral equations. For multidimensional problems the existing biased stochastic algorithms based on evaluation of finite number of integrals will suer more from the effect of high dimensionality, because they are based on quadrature points. So we need advanced unbiased algorithms for solving the multidimensional problem which is developed in this paper. A new unbiased stochastic method for solving multidimensional Fredholm integral equations of second kind is proposed and analysed. We compared the newly proposed unbiased algorithm with the old unbiased stochastic algorithm for the one dimensional problem and multidimensional problem.
New “Walk on Equations” Monte Carlo Algorithm for Linear Systems
Authors: Todorov Venelin , Georgiev Slavi , Apostolov Stoyan
Published: December 2023

A novel version of Monte Carlo algorithm for solving systems of linear algebraic equations is presented and studied. The algorithm is similar to the “Walk on Equations” Monte Carlo method recently developed by Ivan Dimov, Sylvain Maire and Jean Michel Sellier. It is done a comparison with the Gauss-Seidel method for matrices up to size of 212. The algorithm could be drastically improved by choosing appropriate values for the relaxation parameters, which in turn leads to dramatic reduction in time and lower relative errors for a given number of iterations. What is more, a sequential Monte Carlo method of John Halton based on an iterative use of the control variate method has been applied. Some of the most important numerical applications are the large system, coming from a finite element approximation of problems, describing a beam structure in constructive mechanics, and the block-diagonal matrices, which come from discretization of models in a regime-switching economy.
The sound horizon scale at the baryon drag epoch
Authors: de Carvalho E , Bernui A , Avila F
Published: December 2023

We study how to measure the sound horizon scale at the baryon drag epoch, rs
, a parameter considered a cosmological standard ruler, from the 2-point correlation function analysis. This important parameter is originated in the baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) phenomenon, which supports the large-scale structure scenario of the ΛCDM cosmological model, and provides valuable information of the dynamical evolution of the Universe. For this, one of the aims of current astronomical surveys is to know this parameter with high precision. Here we study how to correctly extract the BAO sound horizon scale in case where the signature is weak because there are few correlated pairs, sourced from the BAO phenomenon, probably due to non-linear evolution processes.
Mass Generation of the Scalars Bosons in a Left-Right Symmetric Model with two Bidoublets
Authors: Diaz Henry , Pereyra Ravinez O , Lopez Lozano C
Published: December 2023

The search for new Physics justified by new discoverys, motivate among others, the realization of new models called Extensions of the Standard Model (ESM) which must include at low energy the Standar Model. (SM) The electroweak symmetry group SU(2)
L
⊗ U(1)
Y
to the gauge group with left-right symmetry SU(2)
L
⊗ SU(2)
R
⊗ U(1)
B
−
L
⊗ 𝒫, represents one of the minimal extensions of the SM, in which 𝒫 is a parity discrete symmetry such that left-right coupling constants satisfied gL
= gR
, and according to the hierarchy in the symmetry breaking (conditions that must be met by the vacuum expectation values introduced in the model) allow to obtain the SM. The aim of this work is to identify the Higgs boson of the SM, considering a more general scalar potential that must respect all the symmetries (local gauge invariant, discrete symmetries and Lorentz invariant) established in the model. We will take into account those previous works about the hierarchy conditions and certain approximations that must satisfy the vacuum expectation values for obtain greater simplicity in the caculations of scalar masses of the model.
Monitoring near-field acoustic emission from confined water under shear interaction with blunt tips
Authors: Supichayanggoon Kacharat , Brockman Theodore , La Rosa Andres H
Published: December 2023

Mesoscopic water adhered to a surface at ambient conditions is typically reported to behave as sticky glue. Still, Shear-force Acoustic Near-field Microscopy (SANM), complemented with the Whispering Gallery Acoustic Sensing (WGAS) technique, has demonstrated the ability of a water meniscus, formed at the nanometer-sized gap between a sharp probe and a flat surface, to remain flexible enough for emitting near-field acoustic waves while being subjected to shear interactions exerted by a laterally oscillating probe. To gain insights on the meniscus formation process, as well as to better understand its viscoelastic response, purposely blunt probes (composed of multiple sharp asperities) are used. The experimental results suggest the stochastic formation and break of water bridges at multiple asperities on the probe, each providing an energy dissipation channel from the lateral motion of the probe to the fluid. Despite heavily damping the lateral motion of the probe, the ability of the large fluid meniscus to emit acoustic wave is recovered by properly increasing the amplitude of the lateral oscillations of the probe. Overall, monitoring the behavior of large meniscus adhered to a blunt probe allows to infer the behavior of smaller volume meniscus adhered to sharp probes.
Reconstruction of high-energy shower cores in MATHUSLA
Authors: Asto Rojas O M , Arteaga Velázquez J C , Caballero Mora K S , Solano Salinas C J
Published: December 2023

In this work, we show the results of a comparative analysis of different reconstruction methods of shower cores produced by Cosmic Rays (CR’s) in a layer of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC’s) that is under consideration for MATHUSLA (Massive Timing Hodoscope for Ultra-Stable neutraL pArticles). The analysis was performed with Monte Carlo simulations. Extensive air showers were simulated with CORSIKA using the GEISHA and QGSJET-II-04 hadronic interaction models for primary protons and iron nuclei in the energy range from 10 TeV to 100 PeV and zenith angles: θ ≤ 20°. The detector response was simulated with a simplified Python-based program. The location of the shower core was found using the center of mass of the deposited charge distribution, the maximum of the charge distribution, a fit with an exponential function to the projected distributions on the X and Y horizontal directions of the 2D charge distributions, and fits with an exponential and a Nishimura-Kamata-Greisen (NKG) lateral functions to the 3D charge distributions of the RPC. We found that the fits of the X and Y projections with an exponential function and the fits with a NKG function to the 3D signal distributions have a better performance than the other methods.
Performance of sustainable livelihoods assets in coastal communities in dealing with climate change: A case study at Kuaro District, Paser Regency
Authors: Kristiningrum R , Sari W I R , Chaniago H D
Published: December 2023

Sustainable livelihood assets in coastal areas have become part of climate change. Coastal communities as actors and users of assets for the sustainability of these sustainable livelihood assets, for example, the Harapan Baru Village, the majority of whom work as fishermen depend on marine resources. To climate balance and changes in sustainable livelihood assets due to natural, social, economic, human resource, and infrastructure factors. The focus of this research is to find the performance of sustainable livelihood assets of coastal communities facing climate extremes. The research method is a mixed method quantitative with accidental sampling and qualitative by exploring people’s perceptions through semi-structured interviews and observation on sustainable livelihood and climate change. The results show that the performance of sustainable livelihood assets of coastal communities is strongly influenced by climate change and its impacts. Social justice aspects are influenced by ecosystems, human resources, and infrastructure related to the difficulties of time, distance, and natural resource instability. In short, climate extremes bring change to impact aspects of sustainable livelihoods, especially the economy, which causes people to find it difficult to make ends meet. This condition, within a certain period, affects the ability and performance of sustainable livelihood assets for coastal communities.
Epiphytic Host Tree Identification In Samarinda Botanical Garden
Authors: Yahya Z , Sujalu A P , Kamarubayana L , Emawati H , Napitupulu M , ismail Ismail , Jannah Noor
Published: December 2023

Epiphytes are one of the most diversiform plants, which its species richness peak in the tropic and subtropics. The objective of this study is to explore the different types of phorophyte. This research used the single plot method, as many as 100 plots, each measuring 10m x 10m, randomly distributed in Main Protected Zone of the Samarinda Botanical Garden. In each plot, the following data recorded the species name and individual numbers of phorophytes. The phorophyte in the old secondary forest area to the amount of 66 trees are consisting of 30 species of 29 families. The number of phorophytes is mostly in the diameter class between 21-38 cm. The Family of Dipterocarpaceae and species of Borassodendron borneensios, being the phorophyte which has got the most one in which each 8 species and 9 trees are existed in the forest.
The perception of Belat fishermen in Gunung elai Village about the determination of Kedindingan island waters as a conservation area (case in Bontang City, East Kalimantan Province)
Authors: Sugiharto E , Juliani  , Marshal
Published: December 2023

This study aims to: 1) Determine the profile of Belat fishermen who catch on the Kedindingan island. 2) Knowing the perception of Belat fishermen towards conservation areas on the island of the wall. The sampling method used is a saturated sampling technique, which is sampling as a whole from the existing population, which is as many as 7 respondents. The data analysis method used is the Likert scale to determine the opinions or perceptions of fishermen on the designation of conservation areas. The results of this study show that fishermen’s perceptions based on indicators, cumulatively, internal factors that support the perception of splint fishermen towards the establishment of Kedindingan Island waters as a conservation area are at a value of 34.00 (medium).
Composition and Structure of Mangrove Species in Sekurau Bawah Hamlet, East Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan
Authors: Aipassa M I , Siahaya M E , Suyatna I , Hernandi F , Kristiningrum R , Sarwono E , Ruslim Y , Duakaju N N , Mursidah  , Kristina F
Published: December 2023

The aim of this research is to explore the species composition and structure of mangrove forests in Sekurau Bawah Hamlet, Sekerat Village, Bengalon District, East Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan Province. Although the mangrove vegetation in Sekurau Bawah Hamlet is thick, there is still a lack of information on the composition and structure of the species. Therefore, research is needed to explore the biological resources around the mangrove forest area. The collection of vegetation data was done by combining the path method and compartmentalizing it. The plot areas for each growth stage are seedling, sapling and tree levels. The point of observation is determined purposively. The results of the study showed the highest Important Value Index (IVI) for growth for both seedling and sapling growth was of the Bruguiera parviflora species, while the tree level was of the Avicennia marina specie based on the representative condition of the mangrove vegetation studied.
Water infiltration rate of illegal mining sites in Bukit Soeharto Forest Park, East Kalimantan Province
Authors: Rafi M , Aipassa M I , Sarminah S , Hardwinarto S , Kristiningrum R , Soenarto  , Kristina F , Ruslim Y , Siahaya ME
Published: December 2023

Infiltration is a component of the hydrological cycle which functions as a source of groundwater, minimizing flooding and distributing water evenly throughout the rainy and dry seasons. This study aims to determine the rate of water infiltration or infiltration and permeability values in 2 (two) land conditions for ex-illegal mining sites, namely at KM 68 and KM 48, and the location of undisturbed land in KM 54 secondary forest area of the Bukit Soeharto Forest Park (BSFP). The research method used a double ring infiltrometer, then tested at the Kalimantan Bioresources Laboratory. Infiltration rate shows that secondary forest area of the KM 54 location was 275.2 mm/hour which was included in the very fast class, while in the former mining sites KM 68 and KM 48 respectively it was 244.6 mm/hour, and 145.7 mm/hour which is included in the fast class. Laboratory analysis shows that the soil permeability value in the secondary forest area of KM 54 location was 6.41 cm/hour which was included in the rather fast class, while the permeability value in the ex-mining land area of KM 68 and KM 48 respectively was 6. 26 cm/hour and 3.66 cm/hour which are included in the medium class. This is due to the physical soil properties such as soil texture, soil structure, bulk density, and soil porosity which are the factors that cause differences in infiltration rates in several land conditions.
Alternatives of plant species for forest and land rehabilitation and their potential carbon dioxide absorption in the Wain Watershed, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Afdaliyah G S , Hardwinarto S , Karyati
Published: December 2023

This research was conducted in the Wain Watershed in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The area of the Wain Watershed is around 11,225.68 ha, which includes the Sungai Wain Protection Forest area of 10,025 ha. The objective of this research was to obtain some alternatives of plant species for Forest & Land Rehabilitation and they have the potential to absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) based on the conditions of land cover types, land systems, and land criticality in the Wain watershed. The results of this research indicated that the types of land cover in the non-critical land category were primary dryland forest, secondary dryland forest, and primary mangrove forest; while the potentially critical land cover categories were secondary dryland forest, secondary mangrove forest, mixed dryland agriculture, dryland agriculture, and settlements; slightly-critical land categories, namely shrubs, mixed dryland agriculture, and open land; critical land category was open land. The alternatives of recommended plant species suitable for Forest and Land Rehabilitation, which have the potential to absorb carbon dioxide in the Wain watershed include groups of endemic plant species, multi-purpose tree species, and fast growing species.
Potential utilization of Indonesian plant extracts for biothermicide to control subterranean termite attack (Coptotermes spp.): a review article
Authors: Rizqullah M A , Erwin  , Budiarso E , Harmonis  , Guswenrivo I , Kuspradini H
Published: December 2023

The control of subterranean termite Coptotermes spp. infestation of low-durability wood species still depends on synthetic chemicals and has a negative impact because it is difficult to degrade into the environmental. Mega-biodiversity of Indonesia’s tropical rainforests presents a rich variety of plants with potential utilization, especially plant extracts that have anti-termite properties. The application of plant extracts with potential anti-termite bioactivity can be a more environmentally friendly alternative for natural wood preservation. This research uses the literature review method. The data obtained came from a search of national journal studies published on Google Scholar in the last 10 years. The results showed that the plant extracts used from the preservative formulation at the optimum concentration can produce the largest percentage of mortality and the smallest weight loss. Preserving wood with plant extracts from low durability class wood species used as test wood such as sengon, rubber, bayur, and durian can increase the classification of wood resistance becoming to grade I-II, indicate resistant and strongly resistant for subterranean termite attack. The three major secondary metabolite compounds from extracts plant used as wood preservatives are alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids. These components have the potential to provide toxic properties to wood destroying organisms.
Assessing the phenolic content and antimicrobial properties of Cinnamomum porrectum, Dioscorea bulbifera, and Tristaniopsis whiteana extracts for anticaries agent
Authors: Kuspradini H , Putri A S , Larasati A G , Zulfa N A , Rosamah E , Egra S
Published: December 2023

In this study, we have assessed the phenolic content and antimicrobial properties of three plants (Cinnamomum porrectum, Dioscorea bulbifera, and Tristaniopsis whiteana) against S. mutans and S. sobrinus, bacteria known to contribute to dental caries. The study focused on investigating the antimicrobial properties using the nutrient broth dilution method. Phytochemical screeing was performed using quantitative analysis, which revealed the total polyphenol and total tannin content in the studied plants. The results of the antimicrobial activity test prove that extracts from T. whiteana exhibibited strong inhibition activity against S. sobrinus and S. mutans. The inhibition rates were measured at 76.3% and 72.18%, repectively. These findings suggest that extracts from T. whiteana have the potential to be effective antimicrobial agent against these bacteria. Based on these results, the study concluded that the tested plant extracts have proven antimicrobial efficacy, supporting their potential use as natural antimicrobial. The study highlighted T. whiteana as the promising candidate among tree plants in this study, by demonstrating strong potential as an anticaries agent against microorganisms responsible for dental caries. Furthermore, research and exploration of these plant extracts may supply valuable insight into their mechanisms of action and their potential application in the field of medicine.
Antibacterial and Antioxidant activity of Leaf and Fruit from Jatropha curcas
Authors: Egra S , Syaputra M R , Rosamah E , Kuspradini H , Putri A S , Yamauchi K
Published: December 2023

Jatropha curcasis often used as a medicinal plant by traditional ethnic to treat skin and dental diseases. This study aims to reveal the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of leaves and fruit. The antibacterial activity was determined using the agar well method withStreptococcus sobrinusand the antioxidant activity of DPPH free radical scavengers. Inhibition of bacteriaS. sobrinusdid not appear to be significant with concentrations of 10, 20, 40 µg/ml, on the other hand antioxidant activity with the highest inhibition was found in methanol leaves with a value of 53.5% and 51.9% methanol in fruit with concentration 100 ppm. IC50 value on the leaves and fruit ofJ. curcaswith a value of 50%.J. curcasleaf and fruit have good activity in transferring protons in DPPH activity. There needs to be further research in isolate the compounds that play a role in balancing these free radicals.
Phytochemical and Bioactivity of Propolis Extracts Produced by Stingless Bee Heterotrigona itama from Two Cultivation Locations
Authors: Rusman R , Arung E T
Published: December 2023

Propolis produced by the stingless bee is one of the non-timber forest products that currently has great potential to be developed. This research aimed to analyze the phytochemical present in propolis and to investigate the bioactivities ofHeterotrigona itamapropolis. Propolis samples were collected from cultivation locations in the Faculty of Forestry at Mulawarman University and cultivation locations at Mangkurawang Sub District at Kutai Kartanegara. Propolis was extracted with ethanol and methanol for a mixture of propolis and olive oil. Phytochemical analysis was carried out qualitatively and quantitatively. Antioxidant activity was performed using the radical scavenging assay against DPPH. The antimicrobial activity was determined using the agar-well diffusion method. The preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates, and coumarins. The results showed that the highest antioxidant activity was found in propolis ethanol extract from Mangkurawang with an IC50value of 112.53 μg/ml, followed by ethanol extract from Fahutan with an IC50of 165.382 μg/ml. Furthermore, the ethanol extract from Mangkurawang showed antimicrobial activity againstStaphylococcus epidermidis, Cutibacterium acnes, andCandida albicans. This present study displayed the potential uses of propolis as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent.