bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metaanálisis de estrategias de los institutos nacionales de metrología y su relación con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible
Authors: Gutiérrez Rojas César Alonso
Published: February 2025

National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) are organizations specialized in physical measurements. Although many countries have limited their contributions to the industry, their impact extends further, contributing to the economic, social, and environmental spheres. This significance contrasts with the limited support and recognition they receive. Meanwhile, the world faces challenges that must be urgently addressed, challenges that have been conceptualized by the United Nations in its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), focusing on economic, social, and environmental domains.
In this context, the present qualitative research analyzes the direction that NMIs worldwide are taking, with a representative sample for the 2020-2030 period, and questions whether the strategies of these organizations are aligned with the needs outlined by the SDGs. A theoretical and intentional sample of strategic planning documents was selected, analyzed, and coded by strategy. Some of these documents showed perfect alignment with certain SDGs, while others were solely industry-oriented, possibly due to the framework of national public policies and the necessity to secure their own financial resources. Finally, it became evident that some SDGs, such as "Reduction of Inequality" and "Poverty Reduction," are not on the radar of the NMIs. However, some researchers suggest that by influencing "education," NMIs can have an indirect positive impact on the SDGs related to poverty reduction.
ՆԱԽԱԳԾԱՅԻՆ ՈՒՍՈՒՑՈՒՄԸ ՈՐՊԵՍ ԹԵՄԱՅԻ ԲԱԶՄԱՇԵՐՏ ՈՒՍՈՒՑՄԱՆ ԵՎ ԿԱՐՈՂՈՒՆԱԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ՁԵՎԱՎՈՐՄԱՆ ՄԻՋՈՑ
Authors: Grigoryan Lilit , Antonyan Anahit
Published: February 2025

The article encompasses opportunities, principles, goals, final results, planning, and evaluation of project works within the framework of the topic "Sasuntsi David" from the subject of literature. The implementation of project works has a key importance in the context of modern pedagogy. This contributes to the multi-faceted and effective teaching of the subject, and the formation of abilities provided by the State standard of general education.
Effect of Airport Ground Operations Management on Aviation Safety Performance in Kenya
Authors: Bor Jones , Muthoni Gloria B. , Njora Stephen N
Published: February 2025

The study sought to examine the role played by airport ground operations management on aviation safety performance in Kenya. The independent variables of the study were; aircraft apron movement control and aircraft refueling procedures whereas the dependent variable is aviation safety performance. Underpinning theory is risk management theory. Explanatory research design was used, the target population comprised of 258 airport ground operations crew working for five domestic airline companies operating from Jomo Kenyatta International Airport, Kenya. A census of all the 258 staff attached to four different departments was carried out. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data, they were administered in person and use of research assistants. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis techniques were used for data analysis. The findings from the study revealed that aircraft apron movement control had a significant influence on aviation safety performance of the selected domestic airline companies in Kenya (β = 0.220; P=0.000).  Additionally, aircraft fueling procedures was found to significantly influence the aviation safety performance Kenya (β = 0.616; P=0.000<0.05). The study concluded that failure to fully embrace airport ground operations protocol had a hand on compromised aviation safety of selected domestic airline companies in Kenya. The study recommends the need for management to uphold employee development and employee safety as a way of promoting employee performance thus steering organizational performance. These findings emphasize the critical role that effective ground handling practices play in enhancing aviation safety.
Media Development in the Digital Age: Enhancing Media Literacy, Gender Representation, Advertising Strategies, and Journalism Practices for Equitable Information Access in the 21st Century
Authors: Kiilu Tommy K.
Published: February 2025

The rapid advancement of digital technologies has transformed the global media landscape, creating opportunities for inclusiveness while introducing challenges related to equity, representation, and misinformation. This article examines the intersections of media literacy, gender representation, advertising strategies, and journalism practices to assess their collective impact on fostering equitable information access in the digital age. Key questions include: How does media literacy enhance critical evaluation of digital content? To what extent does gender representation in media influence societal norms? What ethical concerns arise from data-driven advertising strategies? How can journalism help ensure credible and inclusive information access? This journal article offers actionable recommendations: integrating media literacy into educational curricula, fostering gender diversity in media leadership, establishing ethical guidelines for algorithmic advertising, and promoting inclusive journalism practices. A mixed-methods approach—comprising surveys, content analysis, and focus groups—supports evidence-based solutions for policymakers, educators, and media practitioners. By addressing systemic challenges, this study provides a roadmap to create a media ecosystem that prioritizes inclusivity, diversity, and equitable access to credible information.
THE CHAINS OF LIBERATION AS SEEN THROUGH THE LENS OF SADEQ CHUBAK’S STORY “THE BABOON WHOSE BUFFOON WAS DEAD”
Authors:   University of Bucharest, CHIRU ADELA
Published: February 2025

This article proposes an examination of the theme of alienation and freedom in Sadeq Chubak’s short story “The Baboon Whose Buffoon Was Dead”. Through the character of Makhmal, a domesticated baboon bound to his deceased master, Chubak constructs an allegory that explores the existential and social dimensions of alienation within the context of Iran’s rapid modernization. Using Jaeggi’s philosophical concept of alienation as powerlessness and internal division, alongside Seeman’s social-psychological model, the study investigates how Makhmal’s symbolic struggle with the death of his master reflects broader issues of autonomy, subjugation, and existential anxiety. The analysis reveals how Makhmal’s attempts at liberation are restrained by existential fears and the remnants of oppressive societal chains. The study contributes to existential discourse by connecting the narrative’s themes to broader socio-political dynamics, positioning Chubak’s work as a reflection
of alienation in transitional societies like Iran.
LINGUISTIC PERFORMANCES IN THE DIALECT OF MOHAMMEDIA: ANALYSIS OF PHONOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Università degli Studi di Napoli “L’Orientale”, ABDELATI SAMERA
Published: February 2025

Although the state of the art of dialectological and sociolinguistic research concerning Moroccan dialect is nowadays satisfactory when compared to other areas of Northern Africa, the varieties of some regions still lack a comprehensive description and have never been analyzed from a structural point of view. Consequently, the aim of the present paper is to take a closer look at the variety spoken in one of those areas: Mohammedia. One of the possible reasons that lie behind this variety being not much studied may be its proximity, both dialectologically and geographically, to other mainstream cities, that have been the object of historical and linguistic studies for a long time. Thus, with the awareness that exposure to new socio-economic environments and the expansion of social networks are often responsible for language variation2, this research aims at providing a description of the Arabic spoken in Mohammedia, and the way this latter is phonologically evolving, through the adoption of a cross-generational point of view. To this end, fieldwork was conducted in the city in August 2022, and data were collected through audio recordings involving informants, all women, who may represent three different age stages: early, middle and later adulthood, with the oldest informant aged 78 years old, and the youngest one 21. In this way, I will try to identify some obsolete as well as new emerging traits of the dialect in question, besides making more general considerations about it.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Online Pendaftaran Administrasi Kependudukan (Poedak) di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Haniifah Rihadatulsyani  , Rachmawati Novaria  , Adi Soesiantoro
Published: February 2025

The study was intended to anlyze evaluations regarding the quality related to online registration of population administration at the Population and Civil Registration of Gresik Regency. The method used in the study is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. This descriptive research method was chosen to present data systematically, factually, and accurately regarding the facts in the field. This research model uses an approach to the implementation of service quality at the Population and Civil Registration Service of Gresik Regency. The results of this study are statutory regulations (Law Of The Republic Of Indonesia Number 25 Of 2009) where publics services is a primary obligation of all government officials to organize activities or a series of activities in order to fulfill service needs in accordance with statutory regulations for every citizen and resident for goods and services provided by public service providers. And from this study we can see together that the supporting factors of the analysis of the quality of online registration service of Gresik Regency.
Implementasi Permenkumham No 9 Tahun 2017 dalam Upaya Memberikan Perlindungan Hukum Jabatan Notaris terhadap Pelaporan TKM
Authors: Nisa Nur Ramadhani
Published: February 2025

This research is about the implementation of Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation No. 9 of 2017 in an effort to protect the position of notaries regarding TKM reporting. Reporting Suspicious Financial Transactions (TKM) is a new task that must be carried out by Notaries in accordance with the issuance of Permenkumham No. 9 of 2017 and the inclusion of Notaries as reporting parties in PP No. 43 of 2015. This Permenkumham was issued to support government programs in terms of preventing money laundering crimes. . This type of research is normative juridical with a statutory approach as well as an analytical approach. This research explains, However, this regulation does not explain further about what protections Notaries receive after reporting suspicious financial transactions themselves, as well as the obstacles experienced by Notaries in implementing Permenkumham No. 9 of 2017 in terms of reporting TKM.
Reformasi Hukum Mengenai Kewajiban Mediasi Sebagai Penyelesaian Sengketa Paten
Authors: Anugrah Pratama  , Zainal Arifin Hoesein
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the ambiguity regarding the obligation to mediate in resolving patent disputes according to the Patent Law, and its implications for the efficiency of the dispute resolution process. Although Article 153 and Article 154 of the Patent Law open up opportunities for dispute resolution through alternative mechanisms, the ambiguity regarding the obligation to mediate creates legal uncertainty that can hinder efficiency and increase dispute costs. Based on the Economic Analysis of Law approach, this study shows that the obligation to mediate can reduce social costs, accelerate the dispute resolution process, and increase overall economic efficiency. Mediation as an obligation can reduce the burden on the judicial system, minimize transaction costs, and create better legal and business stability. Therefore, this study encourages the implementation of the obligation to mediate in patent disputes to create a more efficient, fair, and profitable dispute resolution system for all parties involved.
Dilated human hair fiber after exposure to flames for 'split ends' cutting.
Authors: Laurindo Igreja Marrafa Pedro Augusto , Natal Bruno , Padovez Fabiana , Kawata Bianca Akemi
Published: February 2025

Studies show that split ends are often caused by grooming abrasion, especially in hair sensitized by chemical treatments. Standard treatment involves cutting the affected area with sharp scissors. New techniques, like nanostructured lipid carriers, are being tested to address split ends. In Brazil, the candle flame technique "velaterapia," based on the ancient practice of Brûlage, is gaining popularity. However, exposure to flames can cause hair damage, as hair fibers begin to denature at 237ºC, leading to issues like bubble formation. SEM-FEG images of virgin Caucasian hair samples show that these bubbles damage the cuticle by inflating the cortex, exposing and unprotecting it. The thermal protector used in velaterapia, while not fully insulating, does protect cuticles from melting. Due to the technique's rising popularity, further studies using tensile strength testing and spectroscopic analyses are needed to evaluate other potential damage to hair fibers.
In Vitro Evaluation of the Growth Potential of Chlorella Sp. and Desmodesmus Sp for Use as a Biological Phycoremediation Agent in Wastewater
Authors: Vergara Donicer E. Montes , Mendoza Yelitza Aguas , Cordero Alexander Pérez
Published: February 2025

The objective of the present study was to evaluate in vitro the growth behaviour of Chlorella sp. and Desmodesmus sp. in a phyco-reactor in a nutritional source with fertilizer and wastewater, artificial light and sunlight to determine the growth conditions for their use as a biological agent to remediate organic load in wastewater in the department of Sucre, Colombia. Chlorella sp. and Desmodesmus sp. were subjected to two nutrient sources (Nutriofoliar 4 Nm fertilizer and wastewater) and light source (artificial light and sunlight) in a phyco-reactor for 20 hours under agitation at 4000 rpm. The results show differences in the growth behaviour of both microalgae according to the nutritional source and the type of light. In the presence of Nutrifoliar the microalgae have a difference in the growth behaviour being higher for Chlorella sp with an exponential phase up to 19 days and a duration of 17 days with respect to Desmodesmus sp, which was 12 days. With respect to the nutritional source wastewater, the same growth behaviour was observed, with the presence of less growth compared to when they were grown in Nutriofoliar, likewise, in both microalgae the exponential phase was observed to be shorter in days when they were grown in wastewater. There is a need to study the growth behaviour of those microalgae species as an alternative to remediate wastewater in the field.
Advanced Machine Learning Approaches for Credit Card Fraud Detection in the USA: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Sizan Mir Mohtasam Hossain , Chouksey Anchala , Tannier Nikhil Rao , Jobaer Md Abdullah Al , Akter Jasmin , Roy Ashutosh , Ridoy Mehedi Hasan , Sartaz M Saif , Islam Dewan Aminul
Published: February 2025

Credit card fraud is a financial threat in America, both for financial institutions and for consumers, and it is growing in severity. Traditional fraud detection methods become less effective in countering emerging fraud trends, and for that reason, sophisticated algorithms in machine learning have to be embraced. This research project strived to develop and compare complex algorithms for fraud detection in credit cards in America. With a variety of algorithms including both unsupervised and supervised learning, this study strived towards improving fraud transaction detection rates. This study focuses on real-world credit card transaction datasets from America, offering a robust foundation for comprehending the intricacies of fraud detection in an authentic financial context. Employing actual transaction data, the study aims to replicate and model variation and nuance in fraud and consumer behavior, such that any developed machine learning algorithms will have a basis in real-life realities. For model selection, we deployed several machine learning models, notably Logistic Regression, Random Forest, and XG-Boost Classifier.  In evaluating model performance, several key metrics, including Precision, Recall, and the F1-score, were taken into consideration. Random Forest Classifier performed best overall, with relatively high accuracy for fraud prediction, and average recall, with a marginally high level of  F1-score. Overall, it can be noticed that Random Forest has the most balanced performance out of the three in fraud detection capabilities, which seems to be a necessity. The integration of real-time fraud prevention with machine learning models is revolutionizing financial institution transaction monitoring. ML models can analyze and process information in real-time, and thus, allow for effective and efficient real-time fraud monitoring. The future of fraud detection holds many exciting avenues for research, most prominently in deep model development. Methods in deep learning, such as recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have been successful in discovering complex structures and sequential relations in transactional information. Another promising avenue for future research is combining AI-powered identity verification with blockchain technology for fraud prevention.
Gamification and Social Media: Transforming English Grammar Learning in EFL Classrooms
Authors: Noori Abdullah
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the impact of gamification and social media on enhancing English grammar learning in EFL classrooms. A quasi-experimental research design was employed, involving 65 male students from a private higher education institution. Participants were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group engaged in gamified activities and utilized social media platforms, while the control group followed traditional learning methods. After the experiment, a survey questionnaire was administered to the experimental group to gather their perceptions of the interventions. Pre- and post-test scores were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results demonstrated that gamification and social media significantly improved student engagement and grammar retention. A statistically significant improvement was observed in the grammar scores of the experimental group compared to the control group. Gamified activities, such as points, leaderboards, and rewards, enhanced motivation and created a more interactive learning environment. Similarly, social media platforms, particularly WhatsApp and Facebook groups, facilitated peer feedback, collaborative learning, and the practical application of grammar rules in authentic contexts. Participants in the experimental group reported greater confidence in using grammar structures correctly, with many highlighting reduced language learning anxiety and increased motivation due to gamification and social media use. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on technology-enhanced language learning, providing practical implications for EFL educators seeking to integrate these tools to improve language proficiency.
Towards Golgotha: The Memoirs of Hagop Arsenian, A Genocide Survivor
Authors: Arda Ekmekji
Published: February 2025

Towards Golgotha narrates the Memoirs of pharmacist Hagop Arsenian, a survivor of the Armenian Genocide of 1915. Written originally in Armenian, it contains two parts. The first part narrates the early life of Arsenian in the suburbs of Constantinople and then the eventual deportation of his whole family all the way to Aleppo, Syria.
The second part describes the Arsenian’s family life in Palestine from 1919 until 1940 especially in Jerusalem and Gaza, where Hagop Arsenian practices as a pharmacist.
Towards Golgotha has around 300 pages including 4 maps, 24 illustrations and 2 Appendices.
Optimalisasi Pengelolaan Sampah Berbasis Masyarakat : Implementasi Bank Sampah dan Budidaya Maggot di Dusun Sabatan
Authors: Selly Safitri Maharani  , Maharani Dara Dinanti  , Amelyda Vira Fajarizqy  , Susanti Malasari
Published: February 2025

The establishment of a waste bank program in Sabatan Hamlet, Ringinanom Village, Magelang Regency, is one of the solutions to address the increasing household waste problem. This program was carried out through the Community Service Program (KKN) of Tidar University from January to February 2025, with the aim of raising public awareness about the importance of environmentally friendly waste management. This research used a descriptive qualitative method, with data collection techniques including open interviews, field surveys, and focus group discussions (FGD). The program implementation was conducted in four main stages: preparation, socialization, execution, and assistance. During the execution phase, the "UD Sregep" waste bank was successfully established, focusing on the management of paper, plastic bottles, and cans. Additionally, the program successfully integrated inorganic waste management with Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggot cultivation for organic waste, creating a sustainable waste management system that holds economic value for the community. The program received positive support from various stakeholders, including the community, village government, and other parties, demonstrating its success in improving the welfare of the community through waste utilization.
Female Participation in Education and Representation in Politics in Sindh, Pakistan: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Shoukat Ghazala , Awan Sajid Mahmood , Jokhiyo Farhat
Published: February 2025

Sindh, in Pakistan, and indeed, everywhere, has continuously faced gender-based inequality in educational and political circles. Though provisions like Article 25A make a constitutional guarantee for free education to all, with a 33% quota of representation for women, the level of participation is extremely low. Research will investigate and analyze socio-economic and cultural obstacles towards women's accessibility to education and political leadership comparing the urban-rural disparities. Drawing from qualitative data based on semi-structured interviews with women councilors, educators, and activists in ten districts, the study established a direct relationship between female literacy and political participation. The findings indicate that urban locations perform better than rural areas on both education and political participation, though patriarchal norms, economic dependence, and socio-political marginalization continue to constrain women's leadership roles. To overcome these challenges, Sindh needs three strategic interventions: (1) investment in the infrastructure of female education, (2) legislative reforms to ensure genuine female political representation, and (3) programs to challenge traditional gender norms. Overcoming structural inequalities is a sine qua non for fostering a society where women can meaningfully contribute to governance and socio-economic development.
UTILIZAÇÃO DE ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS NA INATIVAÇÃO DE PATÓGENOS CAUSADORES DE DOENÇAS TRANSMITIDAS POR ALIMENTOS
Authors: Melo Hoffmann Edinéia , Vilela Perroni Silva Soler Larissa , Marcos Pessotto Gabriel , Bandeca Rodrigues Rangel , das Dores Pereira Neto Ubiracyr , Inés Kozsny-Andreani Dora
Published: February 2025

Introdução A contaminação dos alimentos com microrganismos patogênicos aumentou nas últimas
décadas, tornando-se um grave problema de saúde pública. Os patógenos de origem alimentar causam
enfermidades graves aos seres humanos,e estão associados ao risco de doenças invasivas e morte. Os
patógenos de origem alimentar tornaram-se motivo de grande preocupação devido à sua rápida
disseminação e à sua capacidade de adquirir características de resistência a antimicrobianos
clinicamente importantes. Neste contexto existe interesse crescente sobre o potencial versátil dos
produtos naturais no controle de patógenos de origem alimentar Objetivos: Avaliar a atividade
antibacteriana de óleos essenciais sobre Escherichia coli O157:H7 e Listeria monocytogenes.
Material e Métodos: Para avaliar a atividade antibacteriana dos óleos essenciais de orégano,
manjericão, alecrim e gergelim foram utilizadas cepas padrão de Escherichia coli O157:H7 ATCC
43888 e Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115. Para determinação da concentração inibitória mínima
(CIM) foi utilizado método de microdiluição em placas. Uma vez obtida a CIM de cada poço foi
retirado 0,1 mL e inoculadas em ágar TSA para determinação da concentração bactericida mínima
(CBM). Foi avaliada a sobrevivência das cepas bacterianas em relação ao tempo de exposição aos
óleos essenciais. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados e
Discussão: Os óleos de orégano e de manjericão apresentaram, Escherichia coli, CIM de 1,6% e
CBM de 3,2%, enquanto que para óleos de alecrim e de gergelim a CIM foi de 6,25% e a CBM de
12,5%. Verificou-se, para Listeria monocyrogenes, CIM de 6,25% e CBM 12,5% para os óleos de
orégano, manjericão e alecrim, o óleo de gergelim apresentou CIM de 3,2% e CBM de 6,25%. A
nulidade da carga microbiana, para ambas as espécies bacterianas, frente aos óleos de orégano e
alecrim foi obtida aos 30 minutos de exposição. Em relação aos óleos de gergelim e manjericão
verificou-se contagem nula de E. coli em 60 minutos e L. monocytogenes em 90. A presença de um
grande número de alcaloides, fenóis, compostos derivados de terpenos e outros compostos
antimicrobianos torna os óleos essenciais uma alternativa importante contra a ampla variedade de
microrganismos patogênicos. Conclusão: Os óleos essenciais de orégano, manjericão, alecrim e
gergelim apresentaram atividade antibacteriana para Escherichia coli O157:H7 e Listeria
monocytogenes poderiam ser utilizados como suplementos ou alternativas para o controle de estas
bactérias agentes etiológicos de doenças transmitidas por alimentos
EXPLORAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL TERAPÊUTICO DO SESQUITERPENO ENDOPERÓXIDO DE DRIMYS BRASILIENSIS NO TRATAMENTO DA ESQUISTOSSOMOSE
Authors: Rocha Teixeira Thainá , Umehara Eric , Araujo Cajás Rayssa , Henrique Guilhardi Lago João , de Moraes Josué
Published: February 2025

As doenças negligenciadas provocadas por helmintos, como a esquistossomose, continuam a afetar milhões de pessoas em
todo o mundo, especialmente em áreas tropicais e subtropicais. Causando impactos significativos na saúde pública,
comprometendo a educação e o desenvolvimento socioeconômico das regiões afetadas. Atualmente, o tratamento da
esquistossomose depende exclusivamente do praziquantel (PZQ), um medicamento que, embora eficaz, apresenta limitações
importantes. A possibilidade de surgimento de resistência ao PZQ é uma preocupação crescente, destacando a necessidade
urgente de novos compostos terapêuticos. A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) reforça a importância de desenvolver
novas opções terapêuticas para o controle das infecções por helmintos. Nesse cenário, a biodiversidade brasileira, uma das
mais ricas do planeta, oferece um potencial inexplorado para a descoberta de substâncias com atividade antiparasitária.
Estudos recentes têm demonstrado que compostos derivados de endoperóxidos possuem forte atividade contra o Schistosoma
mansoni, o parasita responsável pela esquistossomose. Este estudo foca no sesquiterpeno endoperóxido 3,6-dioxi-1,10-
bisaboladieno, um metabólito abundante nos ramos de Drimys brasiliensis (Winteraceae). A investigação avaliou o potencial
terapêutico deste composto contra S. mansoni por meio de uma série de análises in silico e experimentais. As análises
computacionais revelaram que o 3,6-dioxi-1,10-bisaboladieno possui características adequadas para administração oral,
conforme os critérios da regra dos cinco de Lipinski (RO5), e apresenta um perfil farmacocinético favorável, incluindo boa
absorção, distribuição, metabolismo e excreção. Nos testes in vivo, a administração oral do composto resultou em uma
redução significativa da carga parasitária (62%), diminuição de 98% na quantidade de ovos imaturos no intestino e 99% na
deposição de ovos nas fezes. Estudos in vitro demonstraram ainda que o composto foi capaz de eliminar 100% dos vermes
adultos a uma concentração de 50 μM. Além disso, o 3,6-dioxi-1,10-bisaboladieno mostrou-se seguro, sem sinais de
toxicidade em linhagens celulares de mamíferos ou no modelo nematódeo Caenorhabditis elegans. Esses resultados sugerem
que o sesquiterpeno endoperóxido pode ser um protótipo promissor para o desenvolvimento de novos tratamentos contra a esquistossomose. O estudo foi conduzido em conformidade com as diretrizes éticas, com a aprovação do Comitê de Ética no Uso de Animais (CEUA) da Universidade Guarulhos, sob o registro ID 65/24.
PERFIL SOCIOECONÔMICO DE PACIENTES COM TUBERCULOSE EM FERNANDÓPOLIS
Authors: Félix Machado Eduardo , Fernanda Rodrigues Frias Danila
Published: February 2025

Introdução: A tuberculose é uma doença infecciosa, curável, causada pela bactéria do gênero Mycobacterium,
dentre eles as principais são M. tubérculos e M. Bovis. Atinge principalmente os pulmões, embora possa afetar
outros órgãos. Sua transmissão ocorre de pessoa para pessoa por via aérea, sendo indivíduos com TB pulmonar
ativa os principais disseminadores da doença1
. No Brasil, a doença é de notificação compulsória e continua a
impactar significativamente comunidades carentes. Contudo, para alcançar uma redução mais substancial dos
casos de TB, é necessário um esforço contínuo, com foco na promoção da equidade e no fortalecimento dos
sistemas de saúde2
. Objetivo: descrever o perfil socioeconômico dos acometidos por tuberculose no município
de Fernandópolis de 2019 a 2023. Metodologia: Abordagem qualitativa, utilizando a aplicação de questionário
estruturado em visitas domiciliares. As variáveis analisadas incluem a renda, a situação laboral e a situação
educacional dos participantes. As informações coletadas referem-se ao período em que o diagnóstico foi
realizado. Resultado/ Discussão: no período foram notificados 79 indivíduos, desses, foram realizadas visitas
domiciliares a 28 indivíduos notificados. Observou-se que a maioria dos pacientes (57,1%) possuía renda mensal
entre R$ 1.000,00 e R$ 2.000,00, posicionando-os na classe social D. Essa faixa de renda média-baixa está
associada a fatores que aumentam a vulnerabilidade à tuberculose, como moradias inadequadas e acesso
limitado aos serviços de saúde. Além disso, 25% dos pacientes pertenciam à classe C. Dos pacientes
entrevistados, 67,9% (19) estavam empregados na época do diagnóstico, enquanto 32,1% (9) não possuíam
vínculo empregatício. Entre os que estavam empregados, 21,4% (6) trabalhavam como autônomos, exercendo
funções como servente de pedreiro e faxineiro (trabalhos informais), 10,7% (3) eram operadores de máquinas
agrícolas; e 7,1% (2) atuavam como vendedores. No momento do diagnóstico, 25% (7) dos pacientes já estavam
aposentados. A análise das condições educacionais em relação ao perfil econômico dos pacientes com
tuberculose mostrou uma correlação significativa entre o nível de escolaridade e a situação econômica. A
predominância de indivíduos com ensino médio completo, associada à maior concentração de pacientes com
renda mensal entre R$ 1.000,00 e R$ 2.000,00, sugere uma inter-relação entre menor escolaridade e menor
capacidade econômica, impactando o acesso aos cuidados de saúde e a adesão ao tratamento. Conclusão: O
estudo revelou correlações entre vulnerabilidade social e a doença, destacando a necessidade de estratégias de
saúde pública mais equitativas. O fortalecimento da Atenção Primária e ações que considerem as desigualdades
socioeconômicas são essenciais para o controle eficaz da tuberculose.
Students' Challenges in Joining Virtual Exchange Program
Authors: Patria Handung Jaya  , Rizka Saputri
Published: February 2025

Financial concerns, social-economic problems, time constraints, and added by the Covid-19 pandemic are some of the reasons why students can not join a student exchange program. One of the alternatives to those obstacles is a Virtual Exchange (VE) Program, where students conduct the program online from their home country. This study aims to find out what are the challenges that students have to face during their VE, and how they are dealing with those dares. This study uses qualitative methods by semi-structured interviews to add the research references of this study. In addition, the interview was conducted with four correspondents from two different VE programs. The findings confirm that students do find some challenges during their VE program. The challenges that occur from the students themselves, the classes, or even from their home university. The results also found that students need to do, and find a certain way to deal with those challenges. Based on this phenomenon, it is better for students to prepare and consider themselves before joining a VE program.
The Influence of Knowledge, Perception, Promotion, and Religiosity of the Community on the Interest in Becoming Customers of Islamic Banks
Authors: Ubaidillah Ubaidillah , Yasmin Hanani Mohd Safian , Lutviyati Farkhatul
Published: February 2025

Sharia banks are financial institutions that are operationally different from conventional banks. As a newcomer, the concept of sharia banking is experiencing a difficult situation because people are familiar with conventional banks so not many people understand about sharia banks. This research aims to determine the influence of knowledge, perception, promotion and community religiosity on interest in becoming sharia bank customers in the people of Purwokerto City, Banyumas Regency. This research uses a quantitative method by determining the sample using a simple radom sampling technique with a total of 400 respondents. The data source for this research is primary data. The data collection method was carried out using a questionnaire. Meanwhile, the data was analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. This research variable consists of independent variables which include knowledge, perception, promotion and religiosity, as well as a dependent variable regarding people's interest in becoming sharia bank customers. Partially, the variables knowledge, perception, promotion and religiosity have a significant positive effect on people's interest in becoming sharia bank customers. Then simultaneously the variables of knowledge, perception, promotion and religiosity influence the interest of the people of Purwokerto City to become sharia bank customers.
The Role of Instruction and Student Involvement in the Manifestation of Graduate Attributes in the Workplace
Authors: Legitimas Milver , Foronda Jojit , Barcenas Jake , Pancho Loreto , Antonio Beverly , Susada Jesse , Villacrucis Peb , Dandan Maria Antonette , Ypanto Dwight , Ranara Josefina , Arsolon Noel , Magallon-Avenido Jessica
Published: February 2025

Research indicates that developing graduate attributes is crucial for maintaining high educational standards. Universities have sought to prioritize and develop these attributes in their students. However, studies have also shown that there is often a gap between the knowledge graduates acquire and their ability to apply it in practice consistently (Arteaga, et al. 2024; LeHeron & Sligo 2005). The call to consistently live out the graduate attributes anchored on the institution’s philosophy, vision, mission, and objectives beyond academic years is paramount. In this study, a sequential explanatory mixed-method research design was employed. Quantitative data was collected to assess the extent to which graduates have learned the necessary skills and attributes from their education and whether they can apply them in their workplace. After this, qualitative data was collected to validate the results. The study indicated that two specific variables, the instruction through spiritual life formation and involvement in volunteer groups manifested through the orientation to serve, enabled graduates to adapt the graduate attributes and thrive in the workplace. By strengthening the link between graduate attributes and practical application, the university can embark on a new journey to prepare graduates for a fulfilling future.
Reconstituting Gradation Using Multiple Photocopier Splits
Authors: Daniels James R.
Published: February 2025

A semblance of tonal gradation may be achieved by image summing a series of light and dark first generation photocopies. The relationship between this rendition and that resulting from conventional photography or high-resolution scanning is demonstrated at the proof-of-concept level using a darkroom gray scale.
Modern Approaches to the Forensic Analysis of Inkjet Printing–Physical and Chemical Examinations
Authors: LaPorte Gerald M.
Published: February 2025

Documents submitted for forensic examination that have been printed by inkjet printers are becoming much more predominant. With the advent of this technology, there has been tremendous popularity amongst criminals to use inkjet printers and copiers to commit a variety of crimes such as counterfeiting, criminal record keeping, and extortion. In some instances, legitimate transactions such as contracts and wills later become the focus of a criminal investigation. This may prompt a suspect(s) to alter entries, generate new documents in an attempt to substantiate his case, or make false claims regarding the questioned document. Forensic document examiners can perform a variety of physical and chemical examinations that may help link multiple documents with each other or a suspect printer(s), ascertain if the document is legitimate with respect to date, or determine the make and model of the suspect machine. This article will provide a comprehensive discussion of modern approaches to the physical and chemical examination of documents produced by inkjet copiers and printers. In addition, some new ideas will be proposed to provide forensic document examiners (FDE) insight into the future of inkjet analyses.
Thermal Gradient Mechanism of Line Crossing Anomaly
Authors: Daniels James R.
Published: February 2025

Order-of-strokes tests were conducted to investigate a potentially misleading feature of line crossings in a specific category, namely intersections of moderately embossed handwriting and laser printing, in which rarely encountered crossings of laser printing over pre-existing pen strokes mimic the opposite and more normal order.
Methods of Forgery in Counterfeit Travel Documents
Authors: Ng P. K. , Hui W. S. , Chim Joyce L. C. , Li Chi-Keung , Poon N. L.
Published: February 2025

With rapid developments in international travel, fraudulent travel documents used by illegal immigrants and criminals are frequently encountered by document examiners in Hong Kong. As the methods of forgery display certain consistent trends for a particular type of forged travel documents, the discovery of evidence of tampering or alteration on these documents is not a random process but is often targeted towards specific aspects of forgery. This article describes some of the target examination of some types of passports encountered in the authors’ laboratory, namely, the People’s Republic of China (PRC), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China (HKSAR PRC), Canadian, Korean, and the Philippines.
Authentication of Travel Documents via the ImageXpert System
Authors: Estabrooks Colin , Gilmour Cathie , Park Helen , Vallières Robert , Warias Christine
Published: February 2025

In this study, genuine and counterfeit travel documents were critically measured and analyzed with the aid of the ImageXpert System. A variety of printing processes and security features from both genuine and counterfeit passports were measured using various tools within the software of the ImageXpert System. The data from these measurements was then compared in an effort to discriminate high-quality counterfeits from genuine documents. In addition, any potential links amongst the counterfeits were also noted.
The Application of Profilometry in the Analysis of the Lines Crossing
Authors: Kinder Jan De , Berx Veerle
Published: February 2025

A new approach for the problem of lines crossing was developed in this research project: laser profilometry was applied to crossing texts on questioned documents to determine the sequence of writing. Four major parameters influenced the presence of the crossing lines: the pressure exerted during the writing process, the kind of writing material and thus the kind of ink deposits, the type of paper used, and the angle between the crossing texts. In this paper, the writing pressure of both lines, together with the substrate (soft or hard), was controlled and varied through the tests. Homogeneous as well as heterogeneous writing pressures were evaluated. For the majority of the samples, 3-D topography gave conclusive information about the writing order, based on the presence of a complete intersection of 1 of the lines or an oval impression in the direction of the last-applied stroke. This research makes the laser profilometry a promising technique for questioned document examination.
Examination of 35 mm Color Transparencies
Authors: Westwood Paul , Novotny Michelle
Published: February 2025

Forensic Document Services (FDS) was engaged by the New South Wales Police to examine 157 35 mm color transparencies (positives) and a 35 mm camera to assist in the investigation of the disappearance of a young girl. The purpose of the examinations was twofold: first, to determine whether 2 or more of the transparencies originally formed part of the same roll of 35 mm film and, second, whether any of these films had been exposed using the suspect camera. The combination of the findings revealed that the transparencies originated from 26 rolls of film and were exposed using at least 2 different cameras, one of which was the camera submitted for examination. The methodology applied in this examination is equally applicable to the examination of negatives.
Influence of Writing Posture on the Dimensions of Signatures
Authors: Equey Céline , Marquis Raymond , Mazzella Williams D.
Published: February 2025

In order to study the influence of writing posture on the dimensions of signatures, the authors asked 21 volunteers to sign their names in 4 different writing positions. Such items as receipts, checks, or short notes are sometimes written or signed in unusual writing positions, which some claim may influence the dimensions or proportions of the writing. The measured parameters (length, height, proportions) that are modified when writing under unusual conditions, as well as the range of these modifications, proved to be variable from 1 writer to another. While the average variation for the writers in this study was low, great variations were observed in some cases. Furthermore, no correlation could be established between the kind of variation observed and the graphical appearance of the signatures.
Microsoft Access in the Questioned Document Laboratory
Authors: Hart Linda J. , Miller Lamar
Published: February 2025

Microsoft Access is a readily available database program suited to assist questioned document examiners with extended writing cases, especially those involving voluminous exhibits. Questioned and known samples are scanned into a Microsoft Access database table. Access sorts the handwriting characters into charts and organizes the groups into the questioned and known samples. Once the database table is populated, an infinite variety of comparison charts are easily prepared. Charts may be used for the examination process and as demonstrative evidence. As an example, Microsoft Access is capable of easily preparing a comparison chart of all the words which end with “ing,” all the words which begin with a “B,” and all the words containing “th.” Any characters or combinations of characters are easily sorted and printed in a comparison chart. In addition to organizing voluminous exhibits, the program’s flexibility allows the examiner to remake charts on the eve of trial in cases in which some of the exhibits cannot be used in trial.
Can You Have the Perfect Training Case?
Authors: Guscott Janette Dove
Published: February 2025

This case involves a bomb threat letter listing the Aurora Police Department in Colorado as its intended target. When responding to the return address on the letter, officers retrieved multiple harassment letters with pornographic material and were informed by the individuals at this address of stalking by a suspicious neighbor. The recipients of these harassing letters offered that there were additional victims in the neighborhood. Examination of the initial bomb threat document using the elements of document examination tied the multiple cases in the neighborhood together. This case involved handwriting identification, indented writing, observations of an ink defect in the printing process of a notepad and a crease in another notebook, and a physical match to prove the connection between the multiple cases. The results of these examinations were instrumental in obtaining a conviction.
The Effect of Water Soaking on Ballpoint Pen Writings
Authors: Singla Atul K. , Jasuja O. P. , Kaur Sarbjit
Published: February 2025

A forensic document examiner may be confronted with the problem of restoration and examination of water-soaked documents. Various methods have been recommended by different individuals and are being applied to restore water-soaked documents. The present study has been conducted to determine the effect of water soaking on ballpoint pen writings on different types of paper; at different intervals; and in neutral, acidic, and alkaline aqueous media.
Ranking Handwriting Attributes in the Signatures of One Person: A Survey of Forensic Document Examiners
Authors: Blake Martha A.
Published: February 2025

A survey was designed to capture how forensic document examiners evaluate a set of signatures by 1 person and rank the significance of various handwriting aspects in terms of individualizing quality. Examiners were asked to rank the individualizing quality of a total of 40 handwriting attributes chosen by the author. Sixteen examiners completed the survey. The rankings were compiled and showed moderate to excellent consensus in the ranking of 92% (37) of the attributes and a lack of consensus in the ranking of only 8% (3) of the attributes.
Indentations Produced by the Document Feeder Mechanisms of Two Black and White Photocopiers
Authors: Olson Larry A.
Published: February 2025

Recent casework revealed that indentations found on a questioned document could be associated with a photocopier’s document feeder. This research was undertaken to analyze indentations produced on original documents by the document feeders of 2 black-and-white photocopiers. The copiers, located at the IRS National Forensic Laboratory, were of the same make and model. The goals were to determine what indentations occurred in both single- and double-sided copy modes and whether they exhibited any class, or even individual, characteristics.
Electrostatic Detection ApparatusEnhancement Using Astronomical Image Stacking and Processing Software
Authors: Giles A. B. , Giles Audrey
Published: February 2025

To overcome the practical challenges of imaging very distant, dim, and moving astronomical objects, astronomers have well developed techniques for “tracking and stacking” multiple images of the same object to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the final image. We have successfully applied the same techniques to multiple electronic detection device (EDD) lifts off the same document to enhance impressions too weak to be read from a single film.