bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Screening Carpet Substrate Interferences in Arson Identification by Solid Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Aldrich Alyssa , Gennarino-Lopez Edna , Odugbesi Gabriel , Woodside Kaylandra , Haddadi Shokouh
Published: November 2020

The sample analysis and data interpretation is the most challenging step of fire debris analysis, due to the presence of combustion and pyrolysis products in the substrate material. In this study, a headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) procedure was applied to the extraction of combustion and pyrolysis products from three commonly used carpet substrate materials, made of nylon 6,6 and polyesters. Each carpet sample was burned with and without two different ignitable liquids (ILs), i.e., gasoline and kerosene, and the Total Ion Chromatograms (TICs) and Extracted Ion Profiles of characteristic class compounds of ILs were obtained and compared to those of unburned neat ILs, using gas-chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), to study the possible interferences of these substrate materials in fire debris analysis.
Influence of the Profession and Industry of Work on the Labor Mobility of the Applicant
Authors: Tikhonov Alexey , Novikov Sergey , Kalachanov Vyacheslav , Solimene Umberto
Published: November 2020

The article examines the problem of the influence of the profession and industry of work of Russian applicants on their labor mobility. The general growth of labor mobility of the population is currently caused by several factors: change in the labor values of applicants, technological progress, desynchronization of the education sector and the labor market, growth of the economic crisis, etc. The main reasons prompting applicants to think about changing their current job in the article are the aspects of their relation to those professional areas and industries in which they are currently working or would like to work in the future. The authors analyzed the results of surveys of applicants of various ages and from various professional fields regarding their desire to change their profession (without taking into account the influence of the material factor), as well as their opinions regarding the most attractive professional fields for them. In addition, there are the opinions of applicants regarding the reasons prompting them to think about changing their profession. The article also examines data from interviews with applicants regarding their desire to move to work in a company from another industry.
Sustainable Agricultural Systems: A Bibliometrics Analysis of Ecological Modernization Approach
Authors: Rocchi Lucia , Boggia Antonio , Paolotti Luisa
Published: November 2020

Agricultural systems need to be more sustainable. Nowadays, the global food production has a remarkable impact in terms of greenhouse gases production, terrestrial acidification, eutrophication and land consumption. Moreover, one of the effects of unsustainable agriculture is depletion of ecosystem services (ES) on which agricultural systems themselves are dependent. Alternative agricultural systems are possible: the aim of this review was to analyze one of these alternative systems, i.e., strong ecological modernization, to understand relevant topics and current state of the art connected with it. As a result that strong ecological modernization can be considered an ecosystem services-based farming system, we focused on the development of topics related to ecosystem services but also to diversification. The review has been conducted applying a bibliometrics approach to recognize the main papers, authors, organization and countries, as well as trend topics and main themes investigated. The results showed that basic research content involves agrobiodiversity, agroecology and diversified farming systems. At the same time, the review revealed a lack about the social and economic dimensions of sustainability that need to be addressed for promoting a true transition to a strong ecological modernization.
Determination of the Small-Scale Physical Model Parameters of Pavement Structure
Authors: Valašková Veronika , Vlček Jozef , Papán Daniel
Published: November 2020

A large amount of the local and first-class road infrastructures in Central Europe lead through settled areas, such as villages or even historical cities and town centers. The vibrations generated by passing vehicles around the pavement spread to the subgrade to the environment and also affect civil engineering structures and buildings. We have decided to adopt the approach of small-scale modeling of the pavement with the subgrade. Small-scale physical modeling brings benefits, such as size reduction, simplification, or controlled conditions during the test. To study the effect of static and dynamic behavior during the occurrence, a simulation mass physical model is used for testing. A static plate load test is used to determine the bearing capacity and settlement and consistency of measurement of the plate’s vertical movement at a given load acting on the plate. The aim of the mass surface simulation’s dynamic testing was to measure the response in time acceleration forms. Based on the performed experimental measurements undertaken on the physical model as well as the numerical simulation performed in FEM, we can state that the gelatin-based simulation mass is usable for the simulation of the earth environment in contact with building structures.
Danish Plastic Mass Flows Analysis
Authors: Vingwe Edward , Towa Edgar , Remmen Arne
Published: November 2020

In this paper, material flows and resource potentials for plastics at a national level in Denmark are mapped using an Environmentally Extended Multiregional Input-Output (EE-MRIO) database. EE-MRIO offers an operative improvement to current and prevalent methods for assessing the industrial and societal metabolism of resources, including plastics. The Exiobase is applied to map (1) the major sources, (2) calculate the total supply, (3) uses of plastics and waste generation, and (4) end of life pathways in order to indicate the potentials of plastics in the circular economy in Denmark with a focus on recycling. Furthermore, it elaborates how and why this method for performing Mass Flow Analysis (MFA) differs from mainstream assessments of material flows and from default uses of national statistical data. Overall, the results are that Denmark has a total supply of ≈551 kilotonnes (Kt) of plastics, out of which ≈522 Kt are used domestically and ≈168 Kt of plastic waste are generated annually. Out of the yearly amount of plastic waste, ≈50% is incinerated and 26% is recycled. These results indicate significant potentials for applying circular economy strategies and identify relevant sectors for closing the plastic loops. However, other initiatives are necessary, such as improvements in product design strategies, in the collection and sorting systems as well as in cross-sectoral collaboration.
Electric Scooter Sharing and Bike Sharing User Behaviour and Characteristics
Authors: Bieliński Tomasz , Ważna Agnieszka
Published: November 2020

New, shared mobility modes, including dockless e-scooters and e-bikes, were recently introduced to many cities around the world. The aim of this article is to determine the differences between the users of e-bike sharing, and e-scooter sharing systems, and the characteristics of their travel behaviour. This study is based on the survey of the citizens of Tricity in northern Poland. We find that e-bicycles are predominantly used as first and last mile transport and to commute directly to various places of interest, whereas e-scooters are more often used for leisure rides. Survey respondents that adopted shared micromobility are generally young, and e-scooter users are on average younger than e-bike users. Although all shared vehicles in Tricity are electrically assisted, this did not allow for the elimination of the gender gap, or help retired and disabled people in the adoption of shared micromobility services. We have also identified factors discouraging people from the usage of e-bike and e-scooter sharing and found them to be different for both types of services. Finally, we investigated the issue of using shared e-bikes for urban logistics.
Rural Tourism and Environmental Sustainability—A Study on a Model for Assessing the Developmental Potential of Organic Agritourism
Authors: Shen Ching-Cheng , Chang Yen-Rung , Liu Der-Jen
Published: November 2020

In light of the public’s increasing awareness of and desire to create healthy and friendly environments, developments in organic agriculture and organic agricultural products have gradually yielded optimum choices in terms of healthy diets, travel options, and lifestyles, in addition to winning considerable attention and popularity from the public. This study was centered on a model for assessing the developmental potential of organic agritourism, with empirical analyses being conducted regarding visitors to Yuli Township in Hualien County, Taiwan. The results were as follows. By means of on-site interviews and surveys, as well as a review of relevant literature, this study constructed several assessment indicators of the developmental potential of organic agritourism. The constructed model consisted of four criteria, namely, the attractiveness of resources, market development potential, community development capabilities, and the creation of diverse values, as well as 23 sub-criteria. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach was employed, and a questionnaire with expert validity was used to deduce the weights of each criterion and sub-criterion. The highest-weighted criterion was the attractiveness of resources, followed by, in order, the creation of diverse values, market development potential, and community development capabilities. The results of this study can serve as a reference for Yuli Township in developing strategies to promote organic agritourism in the area.
Autonomic Nerve Activation Observed for Hemodialysis Patients While Squeezing a Soft Ball
Authors: Liou Jian-Chiun , Peng Chih-Wei , Basset Philippe , Chen Zhen-Xi
Published: November 2020

In this study, a medical grade pulse rate (PR) instrument was used to monitor hemodialysis patients, and the wearable product was applied for the 4 h observation. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) data were simultaneously collected to observe physiological phenomena in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The analyzed results of 38 patients undergoing the treatment (as sympathetic/parasympathetic balance indicators before-hemodialysis (HD), and after-HD) and autonomic nerve activation for the pulse rate (PR) measurement accompanied by squeezing a soft ball were also observed. The results prove the pulse rate measurement while squeezing the soft ball and analyze data, and we show that the analyzed results have a very concentrated normal distribution. This study presents oxygen saturation (SpO2) and continuous pulse rate distribution curves during the 4 h observation of the hemodialysis patients and we show that some patients undergoing kidney dialysis have sleep apnea. They become lethargic during dialysis and experience severe hypoxia due to intermittent respiratory arrest. Studies have confirmed that such monitoring and biofeedback designs can reduce the incidence of hypotension during dialysis.
The Influence of Urban Climate on Bioclimatic Conditions in the City of Iași, Romania
Authors: Ichim Pavel , Sfîcă Lucian
Published: November 2020

This study was carried out in order to outline the human bioclimatic stress/comfort conditions within the area of Iași city, Romania. The meteorological data were obtained over a 7-year period (December 2012–November 2019) from an observation network relying on 8 fixed observation points located in selected spots, relevant for the urban climate conditions in the region. The results demonstrate firstly that throughout the entire analyzed period, using the thermo-hygrometric index (THI), “very cold” conditions characterize 4% of the entire year in the inner parts of the city and 6% in the rural area, while the “hot” THI conditions vary from 18% in the middle of the urban heat island to 15% in the rural area. Overall, the rural areas are generally more comfortable than the inner city, especially during summer, when the urban heat island (UHI) core is starting to develop from the evening and persists during the night. On the contrary, the UHI renders the inner city more comfortable than the rural surroundings from October to April. Similar bioclimatic conditions are also presented in detail for the summer by the relative strain index (RSI), which exceeds the stress threshold value mostly during heat waves, when a significant contrast between urban and rural areas is felt. In brief, it has been determined that the most suitable area for human comfort in Iași city is inside the urban area during the winter and in the rural areas during the summer.
Modeling Land Suitability for Rice Crop Using Remote Sensing and Soil Quality Indicators: The Case Study of the Nile Delta
Authors: Baroudy Ahmed A. El , Ali Abdelraouf. M. , Mohamed Elsayed Said , Moghanm Farahat S. , Shokr Mohamed S. , Savin Igor , Poddubsky Anton , Ding Zheli , Kheir Ahmed M.S. , Aldosari Ali A. , Elfadaly Abdelaziz , Dokukin Peter , Lasaponara Rosa
Published: November 2020

Today, the global food security is one of the most pressing issues for humanity, and, according to Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), the increasing demand for food is likely to grow by 70% until 2050. In this current condition and future scenario, the agricultural production is a critical factor for global food security and for facing the food security challenge, with specific reference to many African countries, where a large quantities of rice are imported from other continents. According to FAO, to face the Africa’s inability to reach self-sufficiency in rice, it is urgent “to redress to stem the trend of over-reliance on imports and to satisfy the increasing demand for rice in areas where the potential of local production resources is exploited at very low levels” The present study was undertaken to design a new method for land evaluation based on soil quality indicators and remote sensing data, to assess and map soil suitability for rice crop. Results from the investigations, performed in some areas in the northern part of the Nile Delta, were compared with the most common approaches, two parametric (the square root, Storie methods) and two qualitative (ALES and MicrioLEIS) methods. From the qualitative point of view, the results showed that: (i) all the models provided partly similar outputs related to the soil quality assessments, so that the distinction using the crop productivity played an important role, and (ii) outputs from the soil suitability models were consistent with both the satellite Sentinel-2 Normalize Difference Vegetation Indices (NDVI) during the crop growth and the yield production. From the quantitative point of view, the comparison of the results from the diverse approaches well fit each other, and the model, herein proposed, provided the highest performance. As a whole, a significant increasing in R2 values was provided by the model herein proposed, with R2 equal to 0.92, followed by MicroLES, Storie, ALES and Root as R2 with value equal to 0.87, 0.86, 0.84 and 0.84, respectively, with increasing percentage in R2 equal to 5%, 6% and 8%, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed model illustrated that around (i) 44.44% of the total soils of the study area are highly suitable, (ii) 44% are moderately suitable, and (iii) approximately 11.56% are unsuitable for rice due to their adverse physical and chemical soil properties. The approach herein presented can be promptly re-applied in arid region and the quantitative results obtained can be used by decision makers and regional governments.
Exploring User-Generated Content for Improving Destination Knowledge: The Case of Two World Heritage Cities
Authors: Antonio Nuno , Correia Marisol B. , Ribeiro Filipa Perdigão
Published: November 2020

This study explores two World Heritage Sites (WHS) as tourism destinations by applying several uncommon techniques in these settings: Smart Tourism Analytics, namely Text mining, Sentiment Analysis, and Market Basket Analysis, to highlight patterns according to attraction, nationality, and repeated visits. Salamanca (Spain) and Coimbra (Portugal) are analyzed and compared based on 8,638 online travel reviews (OTR), from TripAdvisor (2017–2018). Findings show that WHS reputation does not seem to be relevant to visitors-reviewers. Additionally, keyword extraction reveals that the reviews do not differ from language to language or from city to city, and it was also possible to identify several keywords related to history and heritage; in particular, architectural styles, names of kings, and places. The study identifies topics that could be used by destination management organizations to promote these cities, highlights the advantages of applying a data science approach, and confirms the rich information value of OTRs as a tool to (re)position the destination according to smart tourism design tenets.
Sustainable Financing of Elite Athlete Development: An Empirical Analysis of Winter Sports in Austria
Authors: Wicker Pamela , Frick Bernd
Published: November 2020

This study examines the value of professional winter sports to the Austrian resident population in the context of three major sporting events (the 2017 World Championships in Alpine Skiing, the 2018 Winter Olympics, and the 2019 World Championships in Nordic Skiing). In nationwide population surveys (n = 2289), the contingent valuation method was employed, and the respondents were presented with two scenarios asking for their willingness-to-pay for live broadcasts and long-term athlete development. The aggregate willingness-to-pay amounted to €42 million (for live broadcasts) and about €800 million (for athlete development). However, only about 20% of the residents expressed a positive willingness-to-pay. The respondents’ willingness-to-pay is not only determined by well-studied factors like consumption capital, intangible factors, and socio-demographics, but also by life satisfaction. The willingness-to-pay for live broadcasts is comparably higher for alpine skiing, while the willingness-to-pay for athlete development is higher for Olympic winter sports athletes. The findings have implications for sport policy and sport finance, highlighting the challenge of turning public sport consumption into a willingness to contribute financially to sustainable athlete development.
An Embryonic Zebrafish Model to Screen Disruption of Gut-Vascular Barrier upon Exposure to Ambient Ultrafine Particles
Authors: Baek Kyung In , Qian Yi , Chang Chih-Chiang , O’Donnell Ryan , Soleimanian Ehsan , Sioutas Constantinos , Li Rongsong , Hsiai Tzung K.
Published: November 2020

Epidemiological studies have linked exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) with gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Ambient ultrafine particles (UFP) are the redox-active sub-fraction of PM2.5, harboring elemental and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from urban environmental sources including diesel and gasoline exhausts. The gut-vascular barrier (GVB) regulates paracellular trafficking and systemic dissemination of ingested microbes and toxins. Here, we posit that acute UFP ingestion disrupts the integrity of the intestinal barrier by modulating intestinal Notch activation. Using zebrafish embryos, we performed micro-gavage with the fluorescein isothiocynate (FITC)-conjugated dextran (FD10, 10 kDa) to assess the disruption of GVB integrity upon UFP exposure. Following micro-gavage, FD10 retained in the embryonic GI system, migrated through the cloaca. Conversely, co-gavaging UFP increased transmigration of FD10 across the intestinal barrier, and FD10 fluorescence occurred in the venous capillary plexus. Ingestion of UFP further impaired the mid-intestine morphology. We performed micro-angiogram of FD10 to corroborate acute UFP-mediated disruption of GVB. Transient genetic and pharmacologic manipulations of global Notch activity suggested Notch regulation of the GVB. Overall, our integration of a genetically tractable embryonic zebrafish and micro-gavage technique provided epigenetic insights underlying ambient UFP ingestion disrupts the GVB.
Emergence of Resistance to Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors during Dolutegravir Containing Triple-Therapy in a Treatment-Experienced Patient with Pre-Existing M184V/I Mutation
Authors: Braun Dominique L. , Scheier Thomas , Ledermann Ulrich , Flepp Markus , Metzner Karin J. , Böni Jürg , Günthard Huldrych F.
Published: November 2020

With the current widespread use of dolutegravir in low-income countries, the understanding of the impact of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI-) associated mutations on the efficacy of dolutegravir-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) is of utmost importance. We describe a rare case of a patient with pre-existing M184V/I mutation and virological failure on a dolutegravir/lamivudine/abacavir regimen with the emergence of integrase strand transfer inhibitor resistance mutations. Additional risk factors, which may have triggered the virological failure, included suboptimal adherence and low nadir CD4+ cell count. This case illustrates that dolutegravir-containing triple-therapy should be prescribed with caution to patients with pre-existing M184V/I mutation and poor efficacy of the reverse transcriptase inhibitor backbone. In addition, this case highlights the need for viral load monitoring in patients on dolutegravir-containing regimens in settings with a high prevalence of the M184V/I mutation such as in low-income countries.
Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Inhibits Bordetella pertussis Clearance from the Nasal Mucosa of Mice
Authors: Holubová Jana , Staněk Ondřej , Brázdilová Ludmila , Mašín Jiří , Bumba Ladislav , Gorringe Andrew R. , Alexander Frances , Šebo Peter
Published: November 2020

Bordetella pertussis whole-cell vaccines (wP) caused a spectacular drop of global pertussis incidence, but since the replacement of wP with acellular pertussis vaccines (aP), pertussis has resurged in developed countries within 7 to 12 years of the change from wP to aP. In the mouse infection model, we examined whether addition of further protective antigens into the aP vaccine, such as type 2 and type 3 fimbriae (FIM2/3) with outer membrane lipooligosaccharide (LOS) and/or of the adenylate cyclase toxoid (dACT), which elicits antibodies neutralizing the CyaA toxin, could enhance the capacity of the aP vaccine to prevent colonization of the nasal mucosa by B. pertussis. The addition of the toxoid and of the opsonizing antibody-inducing agglutinogens modestly enhanced the already high capacity of intraperitoneally-administered aP vaccine to elicit sterilizing immunity, protecting mouse lungs from B. pertussis infection. At the same time, irrespective of FIM2/3 with LOS and dACT addition, the aP vaccination ablated the natural capacity of BALB/c mice to clear B. pertussis infection from the nasal cavity. While wP or sham-vaccinated animals cleared the nasal infection with similar kinetics within 7 weeks, administration of the aP vaccine promoted persistent colonization of mouse nasal mucosa by B. pertussis.
Construcción reflexiva de enunciados epistemológicos en el laboratorio de bioquímica de la UPEL-IPC: Una experiencia exploratoria
Authors: Flores-Espejo Julia L.
Published: November 2020

Esta experiencia exploratoria permitió caracterizar el proceso de construcción reflexiva de enunciados epistemológicos sobre la ciencia de ocho docentes en formación del área de Química durante el desarrollo de cinco trabajos prácticos de laboratorio (TPL) de Bioquímica de la UPEL/IPC contextualizados disciplinariamente bajo un enfoque constructivista, usando el diagrama V por pares. Los enunciados epistemológicos de construcción propia se tomaron de la sección de filosofía de este diagrama en su versión final como informe de laboratorio, después de ser mejorados reflexivamente en las diferentes fases del laboratorio. El análisis de contenido reveló cuatro tipos de enunciados emergentes, los conceptos utilizados para su construcción y una cierta tendencia epistemológica general. La observación participante identificó dificultades en la experiencia exploratoria, permitiendo una reflexión docente continua con fines didácticos. La disposición reflexiva de los estudiantes se revela en los enunciados epistemológicos construidos. Los resultados fortalecerán esta línea de investigación.
Tiempo en pantalla (televisión, computadora, celular, tabletas) en las relaciones interpersonales entre niños de 8 a 12 años
Authors: Álvarez Cadena Kerly Angela , Mora Alvarado Karla Gabriela , Pilamunga Asacata Diana Elizabeth , Naranjo Kean Chong Miossotty Katherine
Published: November 2020

El relacionamiento frecuente de la tecnología en los niños es un tema que dentro del contexto actual se considera un problema, debido a un notable decrecimiento en las relaciones interpersonales, este efecto se da por el tiempo que dedican a los medios tecnológicos, dejando en segundo plano el factor de relaciones interpersonales. El estudio tuvo como objeto detectar la influencia del tiempo de pantalla en las relaciones interpersonales, la metodología empleada fue de tipo cuantitativa, descriptiva y correlacional. Se seleccionó una muestra representativa conformada por 100 adolescentes de instituciones educativas fiscales de la Ciudad de Milagro. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Cuestionario de Estilo Interpersonal para Adolescentes (CEI-A). Los resultados indicaron que existe correlación débil y significativa entre los factores asociados a los estilos de relación interpersonal y el tiempo que pasan frente a las pantallas [(r = 052*); (p=179*); (p=431**)], con lo cual se concluyó que existen efectos negativos en el desarrollo de habilidades sociales de los niños.
Kembalinya Realisme Seni Kontemporer Sebagai Penyebab Kemunculan Seni Rupa Realisme di Setiap Zaman
Authors: Susilowati Anna
Published: November 2020

Demikian banyak serangan terhadap Lukisan Realis, yaitu dengan munculnya teknik fotografi, dan kemunculan seni rupa non-objektif yang berlatar belakang Perang Dingin antara Amerika dan Rusia. Banyak seniman dan kritikus merasakan Realisme sudah tidak memadai lagi mewakili semangat baru setelah Perang Dunia II. Kekecewaan pada Perang dan juga Rasionalitas, membuat Adorno menolak seni yang indah-indah dan menyenangkan dari gaya Realisme. Seniman yang berjaya pada tahun 1950-an adalah seniman yang menolak kredo seni yang sudah lampau, seperti 'seni untuk rakyat' atau ‘seni untuk reformasi sosial’, sebagai gantinya mereka memilih pada ekspresi pribadi dan keterasingan sosial. Tren seperti itu terjadi dalam dunia filsafat, bahwa teori kebenaran korespondensi yang didasarkan kesesuaian atas realitas, sudah ditinggalkan. Para filsuf itu menggantikannya dengan Filsafat Bahasa. Namun dalam setiap periode, seni bergaya realisme selalu muncul kembali dalam bentuk-bentuknya yang baru, seperti Pop Art, Realisme Foto, Super realisme dan Hyperrealism. Artikel ini ingin menggambarkan bagaimana realisme ditolak dan dengan jalan apa realisme selalu muncul kembali beserta penyebabnya dan juga pada bagian akhir akan mengulas perkembangan Hyperrealism di Indonesia.
Desain Logo Responsif sebagai Identitas Visual DKV Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Bandung
Authors: Faizal Mochammad
Published: November 2020

Meningkatnya penggunaan internet di Indonesia khususnya di tengah pandemi Covid-19 menjadi suatu hal yang perlu diperhatikan oleh pihak institusi ketika akan merancang logo program studi Desain Komunikasi Visual Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Bandung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang logo program studi yang bersifat responsif ketika diterapkan di berbagai media, yang menekankan bentuk-bentuk geometri sebagai identitas visual keislaman. Perancangan dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif menggunakan strategi desain linear. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi literatur dan observasi visual terhadap tiga buah logo yang sejenis, dan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan matriks perbandingan. Hasil perancangan adalah sebuah logo yang disusun dari bentuk-bentuk geometri dan memiliki golden ratio, serta memiliki beberapa alternatif konfigurasi yang mencerminkan sifatnya sebagai logo yang responsif di berbagai media digital. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi contoh untuk melakukan perancangan logo-logo lainnya yang serupa, khususnya dalam lingkup Universitas ‘Aisyiyah yang dibalut dengan nuansa keislaman.
Peran Elemen Komunikasi Visual pada Media Berita Online Terhadap Kesiapan Mental Pasca Pandemi Covid–19 di Bali
Authors: Swandi I Wayan , Julianto I Nyoman Larry
Published: November 2020

Pandemi Covid–19 berdampak besar terhadap semua sektor berkehidupan, terutama terkait dengan aspek kesehatan mental dan emosional setiap individu. Permasalahan virus Corona diikuti oleh penyebaran informasi yang masif melalui media berita berbasis online, mengenai perkembangan wilayah penyebaran serta peningkatan jumlah penderitanya. Adanya keterlibatan ilustrasi dan teks (headline) sebagai elemen rangsang visual dalam penyampaian informasi selama masa pandemi, maka perlu dipahami secara interpretatif terkait peranannya terhadap kesiapan mental dan emosional khalayak pembaca dalam menghadapi pasca pandemi Covid–19 di Bali. Metode analisis kualitatif terhadap pendekatan visual dilakukan dalam upaya memahami persepsi psikologis yang terkonstruksi dalam struktur komunikasinya. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa elemen rangsang visual berupa ilustrasi dan teks (headline) merupakan stimulus yang mampu memberikan proses organisme dalam menghasilkan respon bagi khalayak pembaca, sehingga informasi yang terkesan bersifat bertentangan akan menimbulkan persepsi psikologis. Adapun dampak secara implisit adalah berupa ketidaksepahaman yang berakibat pada konsepsi ‘perlawanan‘ terhadap pesan yang disampaikan. Elemen desain komunikasi visual dalam sebuah infodemik, secara tidak langsung ikut berperan terhadap kesiapan mental dan emosional khalayak sasaran untuk dapat menghadapi tatanan kehidupan era normal baru atau pasca pandemi.
Variação construcional em estruturas argumentais transitivas com o verbo cessar: um estudo centrado no uso
Authors: Guimarães Lopes Monclar , Maia do Carmo Leonardo
Published: November 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever duas construções de estrutura argumental transitiva que instanciam o verbo cessar no português contemporâneo, a saber: a) a construção transitiva prototípica [Xagente CESSAR Yafetado], por exemplo: ele cessou o processo; b) a construção transitiva causativa [Xagente CESSAR.COM Yafetado], por exemplo: ele cessou com o processo. Sob a perspectiva da Linguística Funcional Centrada no Uso (cf. BYBEE, 2010; CUNHA et al., 2013; TRAUGOTT e TROUSDALE, 2013; OLIVEIRA e ROSÁRIO, 2016; entre outros), busca-se tanto investigar as propriedades da forma e da função dessas duas construções quanto aferir se elas mantêm entre si uma relação de variação construcional (cf. CAPPELLE, 2006; PEREK, 2015), haja vista a presença de papéis análogos para as funções sujeito e objeto nas duas estruturas. Para essa análise, empregou-se uma metodologia quali-quantitativa, em que identificamos e selecionamos 128 ocorrências das construções em estudo no Corpus do Português (www.corpusdoportugues.org). Os resultados permitiram-nos atestar que as duas construções mantêm uma relação de variação construcional somente em determinados contextos, haja vista a extensibilidade da construção transitiva causativa, que possibilita a instanciação de objetos com diferentes propriedades semânticas.
O texto narrativo literário na promoção do bem-estar aos pacientes psiquiátricos internados: um estudo de caso
Authors: Neves Patricia
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar um estudo de caso que descreve o desempenho de um paciente de internação psiquiátrica em atividades de leitura que visam ao seu prazer e bem-estar. As atividades são embasadas psicolinguisticamente, tendo sido elaboradas também para desenvolver a compreensão leitora e a consciência textual. Sendo assim, primeiramente, é apresentada a fundamentação teórica do artigo - compreensão leitora, leitura e bem-estar, gênero mito e tipo textual narrativo e consciência textual com base na coerência (progressão e manutenção temática). Logo após, são apresentadas as atividades, os dados e o desempenho do paciente, constituindo a análise de caso. Os resultados sugeriram que o paciente progrediu tanto nas competências linguísticas que foram propostas quanto nas atitudes e grau de satisfação durante a oficina.
O discurso prefacial de tradutores: um estudo enunciativo
Authors: Ceconi Thiane , Do Nascimento Flores Valdir
Published: November 2020

Este trabalho propõe um estudo enunciativo de prefácios de tradutores, entendidos como paratextos (cf. Genette 1987), à luz da Linguística dos prefácios de Henri Mitterand (1980), cuja base é a teoria da enunciação de Émile Benveniste. Tal texto tem, de acordo com Mitterrand (1987), características linguísticas regulares, o que permite falar em uma “gramática prefacial”. Inspirado em Benveniste, Mitterand considera que o prefácio carrega as características do discurso em geral. O corpus estudado é composto de oito (08) prefácios que abordam o processo tradutório. Como conclusão, damos destaque à relevância dos aspectos enunciativos da instância prefacial de uma tradução - que condensa um fragmento da experiência do tradutor ao descrever a sua atividade e justificar as tomadas de decisão - como índice da visibilidade e da presença do tradutor na obra traduzida.
Fatores biopsicossociais na história de vida de mulheres profissionais do sexo
Authors: Maria Eduarda Teodoro Ponciano de Freitas  , Luana da Silva Ribeiro  , Sara Samaritana da Silva Guimarães  , Leonardo Fernandes Martins  , Silva de Carvalho Chinelato Renata
Published: November 2020

Esta pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, teve como objetivo compreender os fatores biopsicossociais no contexto de vida de seis profissionais do sexo que atuam em cidades de médio e pequeno porte, baseando-se no Modelo Biopsicossocial para compreender o processo de vida e suas influências em mulheres que exercem a profissão do sexo. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionário sociodemográfico e por método história de vida, utilizando a análise temática de conteúdo para o tratamento dos dados. Os resultados obtidos se relacionaram aos fatores que envolvem o campo biológico, psicológico e social. A pesquisa permitiu a compreensão da história de vida dessas mulheres, com destaque para ocorrência de dificuldades e sofrimentos.
De volta ao passado
Authors: Lima de Oliveira Eduarda , Ferraz Neis Letícia , Falcke Denise
Published: November 2020

A adoção é uma forma de proteção aos direitos fundamentais de crianças e de adolescentes, por isso, a importância de que seja um processo repleto de atenção por todos os envolvidos, minimizando os riscos de insucesso. Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar vivências e sentimentos envolvidos em um caso de insucesso na adoção. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, transversal e com delineamento de estudo de caso único, do qual participaram uma adolescente e seus respectivos adotantes. A adolescente respondeu a uma entrevista semiestruturada e ao Desenho da Família, os adotantes responderam a entrevista. Os resultados encontrados apontam que o desenvolvimento dos processos de filiação e parentalidade são fundamentais para o estabelecimento das relações familiares e do êxito do processo adotivo.
Desenvolvimento e evidências de validade da Escala de Percepção das Práticas Docentes
Authors: Antonelli Ponti Mayra , Suemi Tokumaru Rosana , Ferreira Monticelli Patricia , Vilaça Teresa , Costa Patricio
Published: November 2020

Práticas docentes personalizadas podem melhorar o desempenho escolar de estudantes. No entanto, não encontramos instrumentos específicos para avaliar estas práticas no contexto brasileiro. O objetivo deste estudo foi construir e apresentar evidências de validade da Escala de Percepção das Práticas Docentes (EPPD). Foram elaborados 25 itens avaliados por 11 juízes. A escala resultante com 17 itens foi aplicada a 477 professores, via formulário online. As análises fatoriais identificaram duas dimensões: Grupo (α = 0,79) reflete as práticas docentes dirigidas à turma; Personalização (α = 0,88) refere-se as práticas docentes dirigidas ao estudante individualmente, que explicaram 48,6% da variância. Os docentes apresentaram mais práticas para o grupo do que personalizadas.
Falsas memórias: Processos paralelos ou seriais?
Authors: Lopes Ederaldo José , Rossini Joaquim Carlos
Published: November 2020

Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar processos paralelos e seriais nas falsas memórias (FM). Em um delineamento 3 x 3 x 3, foram manipulados os fatores carga de memória (3, 5 e 7 itens), tipo de item (alvo, distrator crítico e distrator não relacionado) e tempo de exposição dos itens (750, 1.500 e 3.000 milissegundos). O tempo de reação aumentou linearmente com o aumento da carga de memória, indicando que processos seriais atuam no processamento de alvos e de falsas memórias. Houve um aumento da percentagem de erros para alvos e distratores críticos com o aumento do tempo de exposição. Os dados foram discutidos em termos das teorias de memory scanning e de ativação/monitoramento.
Discriminação de velocidades de veículos por observadores parados
Authors: Araújo Faria Bruno , Kamizaki Ricardo
Published: November 2020

A percepção de movimento é objeto de estudo da psicofísica, entretanto há poucos estudos em situações naturalísticas ou que utilizam veículos reais. Investigamos como as pessoas percebem a velocidade de veículos em situações naturais. Observadores estáticos foram solicitados a determinar a velocidade de um veículo real em movimento. Os resultados demonstraram acurácia nas estimativas das velocidades dos veículos, independente do sexo do participante e de possuir ou não habilitação. O expoente da função-potência associado a esta dimensão foi de 1,31, mostrando tendência à superestimativa com o aumento da velocidade física, indicando que não há linearidade na percepção de velocidades de veículos por observadores estáticos.
Effect of working memory load on tactile n-back task
Authors: Rodrigues da Silva Luciana , Rossini Joaquim Carlos , Lopes Ederaldo José , Ferrarez Fernandes Lopes Renata , Galera Cesar
Published: November 2020

The present study investigated the characteristics of tactile working memory using the N-Back Task. The participants (n = 16), all sighted, performed the task with working memory loads equivalent to maintaining one, two, or three letters in the working memory (N-Back 1, N-Back 2, and N-Back 3). The frequency of commission and omission errors was analyzed as a function of memory load. The results indicate an increase in the frequency of omission errors due to this factor. The working memory load did not significantly influence commission errors. In general, our results suggest that the tactile N-Back task may represent a promising method for the assessment of working memory in blind and sighted participants.
Changes in visual size perception in Schizophrenia and Depression
Authors: Mendes Lacerda Aline , De Bustamante Simas Maria Lúcia , Marques de Menezes Geórgia Mônica
Published: November 2020

The objective of this research was to measure possible changes in visual size perception of patients with depression and schizophrenia. Three groups were compared: Control Group (CG), Schizophrenia Group (SchG) and Depression Group (DepG). The diameter of the first figure seen by the participants in each painting was recorded in degrees of visual angle. The SchG perceived images 1.47 larger than CG and the DepG 1.28 larger than CG, whereas SchG selected images 1.15 larger than DepG, F (2, 57) = 17.677, p < .0001. These findings suggest there are changes in visual size perception related to depression and schizophrenia.
Estimación de la percepción de distancia durante la locomoción
Authors: Santillán Javier Enrique , Barraza José Fernando
Published: November 2020

En este artículo de revisión abordamos el problema de la percepción de distancia durante la locomoción. La misma implica una construcción mental del entorno que nos rodea que debe ser realizada de una manera rápida y precisa, pues la información es crucial para poder interactuar correctamente con el ambiente y los objetos que se encuentran en él. En buena parte del tiempo nosotros y el mundo que nos rodea nos encontramos en un continuo movimiento relativo, por lo que nuestra experiencia perceptual estaría moldeada por las complejas interacciones entre la información provista por los sentidos y por la percepción del propio movimiento. El tratar de adquirir datos de la percepción de distancia con el observador en movimiento implica requerimientos diferentes a la situación cuando se encuentra estático. Ello lleva buscar soluciones y nuevas alternativas metodológicas. Esto es ejemplificado a partir de los trabajos experimentales realizados utilizando la cinta de correr como plataforma de investigación en campo abierto.
Evidências de validade convergente Raven e R-2 em crianças com TEA
Authors: Binhardi-Bezam Patrícia Daniela , Antonelli-Ponti Mayra , Da Silva Jose Aparecido
Published: November 2020

Visando ampliar os estudos relacionados à avaliação da inteligência de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) este estudo investigou a relação entre os testes não verbais de inteligência R-2 e Raven, avaliando 30 crianças com TEA, grau leve e moderado, de idade entre 5 e 11 anos e 9 meses. Os dados foram analisados de forma padronizada e os escores da amostra evidenciaram níveis intelectuais dentro da média no Raven e médio superior no R-2. Com alta correlação e convergência (coeficiente r = 0,897) estes resultados creditam o R-2 como um instrumento psicométrico potencial na avaliação da inteligência no TEA.
Modelos neuropsicobiológicos para estudo da dor e das emoções
Authors: De Medeiros Priscila , Medeiros Ana Carolina , Pereira Martins Renata , Negrini-Ferrari Sylmara Esther , Almeida Da Silva Juliana , Da Silva José Aparecido , Cysne Coimbra Norberto , Leonardo de Freitas Renato
Published: November 2020

Dor é uma experiência pessoal e subjetiva que pode apenas ser sentida pelo sofredor. A dor aguda tem a finalidade de avisar o indivíduo que algo está errado. Contudo, a dor crônica (DC) é um problema global de saúde, que afeta a qualidade de vida e torna o indivíduo parcial ou totalmente incapacitado. A pesquisa básica utiliza diversos modelos animais para o estudo da dor aguda ou crônica, bem como para o estudo das principais comorbidades oriundas de sua cronificação como a ansiedade e a depressão. Esta revisão aborda os modelos animais mais comumente utilizados neste contexto.
Ajuda à educação e ao desenvolvimento sustentável
Authors: Lewin Keith , Brooke Nigel
Published: November 2020

Os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável compelem todos os países a tornar realidade os direitos à educação de todas as crianças. A maioria das pessoas fora da escola, e dentro da escola, mas sem aprender, estão em Países de Baixa Renda. Os países pobres alocam 3%-4% do PIB à educação. 6% é necessário para financiar a escola primária e secundária universal. A assistência financeira pode ajudar. No entanto, a ajuda à educação nos países pobres está estagnada desde 2010 em USD 12 bilhões por ano. A ajuda pode acelerar o desenvolvimento auto-sustentável através do investimento em capital humano e na promoção de bens públicos. Ao longo das últimas três décadas, o investimento nacional tem ajudado alguns países a transformar seus sistemas educacionais. Em outros países, o progresso tem sido decepcionante. O desafio para os doadores antigos e novos para a educação é como deve ser prestada a ajuda futura para promover o desenvolvimento sustentável e como pode ajudar a educação comparativa?
O financiamento da educação
Authors: Davies Nicholas
Published: November 2020

O artigo pretende oferecer um panorama do financiamento da educação no Brasil, com base em análise documental e bibliográfica, descrevendo e analisando as receitas e despesas vinculadas à educação, o Fundef e o Fundeb, e os seus percalços, como equívocos da legislação, dados pouco confiáveis, descumprimento da exigência legal pelos governos, fiscalização deficiente pelos Tribunais de Contas e conselhos, desvinculação constitucional dos recursos devidos, renúncias fiscais, financiamento a instituições privadas de ensino, desigualdade tributária entre regiões, Estados e municípios, e a fragilidade dos Planos de Educação.
Financiamento da educação infantil
Authors: Silva Franceline Rodrigues , Brito José Eustáquio de
Published: November 2020

O artigo analisa os trabalhos sobre financiamento da educação infantil publicados nos anais dos congressos da Anpae, da ANPEd e Fineduca, no período de 2016 a 2018. Estas pesquisas estudadas indicam haver avanços na política de educação infantil, embora mostrem, também, a existência de desafios em relação ao financiamento, à ampliação do atendimento das crianças em creches e pré-escolas, às condições de infraestrutura e ao trabalho docente.
Avaliações da educação infantil em municípios paulistas
Authors: Pimenta Cláudia Oliveira
Published: November 2020

Este artigo analisa iniciativas de avaliação da educação infantil de dois municípios paulistas, evidenciando suas potencialidades e limites para contribuir com a garantia do direito à educação das crianças, à luz do arcabouço legal e de produção acadêmica que trata da qualidade para essa etapa. As iniciativas se aproximam de indicações dessas referências, mas, em parte, reproduzem aspectos das avaliações e práticas pedagógicas destinadas às demais etapas educacionais, o que implica as finalidades da Educação Infantil.
Avaliação de contexto na educação infantil
Authors: Corsino Patrícia , Branco Jordanna Castelo
Published: November 2020

Este texto tem como objetivo analisar parte dos resultados de um processo de avaliação de contexto, que focalizou práticas educativas de oralidade, leitura e escrita, em uma escola de educação infantil da rede pública municipal de ensino da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Para desenvolver a avaliação de contexto na instituição, foi elaborado um instrumento, e desenvolvida a metodologia própria desta avaliação com base na perspetiva de Bondioli e Savio (2013, 2015). Após percorrer todas as fases da avaliação de contexto, os resultados evidenciaram, pelo envolvimento da equipe e compromisso coletivo de busca da melhoria educativa da instituição, a potência formativa da proposta avaliativa.
A avaliação externa e os novos sujeitos da educação
Authors: Burgos Marcelo Baumann
Published: November 2020

O lugar social ocupado pela avaliação externa no funcionamento do sistema educacional vem mudando com o tempo: de instrumento de controle externo e verticalizado do trabalho escolar, se converte em ferramenta fundamental ao cotidiano escolar. Mas essa mudança de lugar não estaria ocorrendo sem que os próprios profissionais da educação se transformassem. Neste artigo, analisamos essa mudança, valorizando, em especial, a forma como ela vem se dando no contexto brasileiro. Sustentamos, ao final, que o processo de decantação da avaliação externa na cultura profissional escolar vem forjando o surgimento de novos sujeitos no mundo da educação, porta-vozes e difusores de uma nova linguagem.
O peso da crise
Authors: Aboim Pires Leonardo
Published: November 2020

Este artigo examina o impacto da Grande Depressão em Portugal no contexto da transição política entre a Ditadura Militar e o Estado Novo. Concretamente, o nosso objeto de estudo é o desemprego rural. Pretendemos analisar este fenómeno para o tentar compreender de forma mais completa, as circunstâncias em que ocorreu, as suas consequências sociais, mas também as dinâmicas exógenas e mecanismos institucionais e de governação atuantes no período em análise.