bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan antara Pendapatan, Penyakit Infeksi dan Pola Makan terhadap Kejadian Gizi Kurang pada Balita
Authors: Azrimaidaliza  , Syarif Lifda , Resmiati
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Permasalahan gizi kurang pada balita merupakan salah satu masalah utama kesehatan di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Studi Status Gizi Indonesia tahun 2021 menunjukkan angka kejadian gizi kurang pada balita masih cukup tinggi (17%)
 Tujuan : Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan determinan kejadian gizi kurang pada balita
Metode : Desain cross sectional digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Seberang Padang. Sejumlah 136 balita yang berusia 2 - 5 tahun terlibat dalam penelitian dan dikumpulkan datanya menggunakan instrumen yang terstandar.
Hasil: Persentase balita usia 2-5 tahun dengan gambaran gizi kurang adalah 7,3% dan dari balita yang mengalami gizi kurang dengan kondisi stunting sebesar 8,8%. Keluarga dengan pendapatan rendah lebih banyak mengalami gizi kurang dibandingkan dengan keluarga pendapatan tinggi (POR=6,463, CI=1,402-29,799). Juga gizi kurang secara signifikan dihubungkan dengan pola makan kurang baik (POR=5,997, CI=1,127-26,153) dan adanya riwayat penyakit infeksi (POR=5,650, CI=1,212-26,153). 
Kesimpulan: Edukasi gizi seimbang dan pola hidup sehat dan bersih harus terus disampaikan secara rutin melalui kerjasama institusi kesehatan dan institusi pendidikan bidang kesehatan dalam rangka mengatasi gizi kurang dan mengurangi risiko infeksi pada balita.
Kata kunci: Pendapatan, Penyakit infeksi, Pola makan, Gizi kurang, Balita
Potential of Kelakai Leaf Flour (Stenochlaena palutris (Burn.f) Bedd) Acid Pretreatment As An Alternatife to Prevent Stunting
Authors: Wijinindnyah Ayutha , Selvia Jerry , Husnul Chotimah  , Susan E Luman Gaol
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Kalakai  (Stenochlaena palutris  (Burm.f) Bedd.) merupakan tanaman banyak ditemui di Kalimantan, khususnya Kalimantan Tengah, namun masih sedikit orang yang mengetahui kandungan gizi, dan pengolahannya. Kalakai berpotensi menjadi salah satu pangan lokal pencegah stunting. Pencegahan stunting melalui perbaikan asupan gizi adalah salah satu cara untuk memutus efek stunting di masa yang akan datang. Prevalensi stunting pada Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah sebesar 32,83%. Angka ini masih diatas batasan yang telah ditetapkan WHO, yakni 20%. Pretreatment asam adalah metode untuk mempercepat waktu pengeringan, mempertahankan warna dan meminimalkan kehilangan zat gizi. Salah satu jenis asam yang banyak ditemui di Kalimantan Tengah adalah asam jawa. Asam jawa banyak terdapat secara alami dari pemanenan ataupun komersial dijual di pasar.  Jenis asam lain yang banyak dipakai skala industri adalah asam sitrat.
Tujuan: tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengatahui perbedaan perlakuan pretreatment asam terhadap lama pengeringan, uji proksimat serta mineral (kadar kalsium, dan zat besi).  
Metode: Kalakai yang dipetik dibersihkan dan direndam dengan larutan asam yakni 0,5% asam sitrat dan 0,5% asam jawa komersial dan 0,5% asam jawa alami selama 5 menit. Bahan kemudian ditiris dan dikeringkan dengan menggunakan oven suhu 500C hingga kadar air ≤ 10%. Bahan selanjutnya dihaluskan (blender) dan diayak, untuk selanjutnya diuji proksimat, serta mineral (kadar kalsium, dan zat besi). 
Hasil: Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pretreatment asam yakni asam sitrat paling cepat mempercepat waktu pengeringan yakni 6 jam. Adapun kadar proksimat kalsium dan zat besi paling tertinggi didapat pada pretreatment asam jawa alami yakni Fe (0,0150%) dan kadar kalsium (0,6021%)
Kesimpulan: pretreatment asam menggunakan asam sitrat paling cepat mempercepat waktu pengeringan, dan pretreatment asam jawa alami berpotensi lebih baik menjaga nilai gizi untuk mencegah kejadian stunting
Evaluasi Elemen Penilaian Praktik Pemberian Makanan Pendamping ASI untuk Pencegahan Risiko Stunting di Era Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Pada Balita Indonesia, < 5 tahun (Rapid Review)
Authors: - Dwipajati , Agustin Nurfarida Yuliana , Nurani Harisa Dian , Ayundari Rizki Fitriani
Published: December 2022

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Prevalensi balita stunting di Indonesia masih dibawah target pemerintah pada tahun 2024 yaitu sebesar 14%. Balita stunting seringkali ditemukan pada masa pemberian makanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI). Komponen utama dalam pemberian MP-ASI yaitu waktu pengenalan makan pada usia 6 bulan, keanekaragaman komposisi bahan makanan, frekuensi pemberian, pemberian ASI sampai dengan 2 tahun dan higiene sanitasi dalam penyiapan MP-ASI. Penilaian praktik pemberian MP-ASI di Indonesia masih menggunakan berbagai komponen. Keragaman penggunan komponen ini masih belum dibedakan antara komponen utama (standar pemberian MP-ASI) dan komponen pendamping (pelaku pemberi MP-ASI) stunting diperlukan ketepatan dalam memberikan intervensi baik pada faktor maupun komponen utama dalam praktik pemberian MP-ASI.
Tujuan: Mengkaji komponen-komponen dalam penilaian praktik pemberian MP-ASI yang berkaitan erat dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 6-24 bulan di Indonesia
Ulasan: Dari hasil pencarian studi ditemukan 11 artikel yang membahas praktik pemberian MP-ASI di Indonesia. Jenis studi observasional dengan desain cross-sectional dan kasus-kontrol. Komponen utama dalam praktik pemberian MP-ASI yang berkaitan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di Indonesia adalah waktu pengenalan MP-ASI, keragaman makan minimal (MDD), frekuensi makan minimum (MFF), standar porsi, dan nafsu makan balita. Sedangkan tingkat pengetahuan, orang yang memberikan MP-ASI (ibu, nenek/anggota keluarga lainnya, pengasuh), riwayat ASI atau susu formula, situasi makan yang kondusif merupakan komponen pendamping yang kemungkinan mendukung kejadian stunting pada balita di Indonesia.
Kesimpulan: Komponen penilaian praktik pemberian MP-ASI secara sederhana sesuai standar WHO. Adapun komponen lain yang dapat ditambahkan yaitu porsi pemberian dan tekstur sesuai usia balita.
 
Kata kunci: MP-ASI, stunting, balita Indonesia
Kajian Literatur: Berhubungankah mikrobiota saluran cerna dengan stunting pada anak balita?
Authors: Simanjuntak Betty Yosephin , Annisa Rahma , Saputra Arie Ikhwan
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Stunting, salah satu malnutrisi yang dimulai sejak berada di dalam kandungan hingga dua tahun pertama kehidupan dan diperparah oleh penyakit infeksi berulang setelah lahir.  
Tujuan: Mengkaji artikel tentang keberadaan mikrobiota saluran cerna dikaitkan dengan stunting.
Ulasan: Penelitian mengeksplorasi artikel melalui database di Pubmed, Science Direct, Sage Journal, Springer Link, dengan kata kunci: “stunting, gut microbiota, under 5 years”. Studi ini menggunakan 5 artikel open acces yang telah terbit tahun 2016-2021. Keberadaan mikrobiota usus berkontribusi terhadap kejadian stunting. Infeksi saluran cerna memiliki mekanisme spesifik menyebabkan kegagalan pertumbuhan dan pengerdilan pasca kelahiran. Ketidakdewasaan dan defisiensi mikrobiota non patogen di usus sebagai penyebab utama. Penurunan keanekaragaman mikrobiota saluran pencernaan pada balita yang mengalami diare dan stunting
Kesimpulan: Pergeseran komposisi bakteri usus balita telah dikaitkan dengan peningkatan jumlah infeksi saluran cerna yang mengakibatkan gangguan pertumbuhan kronis
EFIKASI ANTIOKSIDAN AKAR TERUNG PIPIT (Solanum torvum) TERHADAP KERUSAKAN HATI DENGAN INDUKSI CCL4 PADA Rattus norvegicus
Authors: Suryadinata Rivan Virlando , Nur Aditya Dwi Martha , Christina Gunawan Ryu Okiku , Utami Mudita Lestari , Wirjatmadi Bambang
Published: December 2022

Latar belakang: Peningkatan penyakit hati masih menjadi permasalahan kesehatan di dunia. Di Indonesia, sebagian besar penyakit hati didominasi oleh sirosis hepatis. Salah satu penyebab kerusakan hati adalah peningkatan jumlah radikal bebas dalam tubuh. Hal ini akan mengakibatkan kerusakan dan kematian sel hati serta menimbulkan jaringan fibrotik. Penurunan jumlah sel hati akan mengakibatkan gangguan fungsi hati secara keseluruhan. Pemberian antioksidan dapat mengurangi radikal bebas yang masuk ke dalam tubuh. Salah satu tanaman yang memiliki kandungan antioksidan adalah terung pipit (Solanum torvum). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efikasi antioksidan pada rebusan akar terung pipit (Solanum torvum) terhadap kerusakan hati dengan induksi CCL4 pada Rattus norvegicus. Metode: Pada penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan menggunakan desain Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). Proses penelitian dilakukan selama 11 hari dengan membagi hewan coba menjadi 6 kelompok dengan masing-masing kelompok berjumlah 5 ekor. Setiap kelompok perlakuan akan dilakukan 5 hari diinduksi dengan CCL4 dan dilanjutkan dengan 7 hari pemberian rebusan akar terung pipit (Solanum torvum) dengan dosis berbeda (0,5; 1,0; 1,5 mg/grBB/hari). Parameter yang digunakan adalah kadar SGOT-SGPT dan bilirubin dalam darah. Hasil: Penelitian memperlihatkan adanya penurunan kadar SGOT-SGPT dan bilirubin dalam darah pada kelompok yang diberikan rebusan akar terung pipit (p≤0,05). Peningkatan dosis pemberian akar terung pipit semakin menurunkan parameter penelitian, walaupun tidak mencapai nilai kelompok kontrol negatif. Simpulan: Kandungan antioksidan pada rebusan akar terung pipit (Solanum torvum) dapat mengurangi penurunan kadar SGOT-SGPT dan bilirubin dalam darah akibat kerudakan hepar pada hewan coba yang diinduksi CCL4.
Praktik Pemberian Makan dan Status Gizi Balita di Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Rasyidah Salma , Novianti Anugrah , Angkasa Dudung , Jus'at Idrus , Harna
Published: December 2022

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Permasalahan gizi pada balita di Indonesia seperti stunting, obesitas, dan wasting masih menjadi permasalahan gizi yang menjadi perhatian utama untuk ditangani, terutama pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Dimana terdapat keterbatasan dalam beberapa hal termasuk akses mendapatkan makanan sehat. Hal ini mempengaruhi pada praktik pemberian makan ibu kepada anaknya yang mengakibatkan upaya untuk mencukupi kebutuhan gizi anak menjadi kurang terpenuhi. Praktik pemberian makan ibu kepada balita menjadi salah satu faktor tidak langsung terhadap perubahan status gizinya.
Tujuan: Mengindektifikasi hubungan praktik pemberian makan dan status gizi balita dimasa pandemi Covid-19.
Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional dengan 57 responden ibu dari balita berusia 3-5 tahun di Puskesmas Cikupa Kabupaten Tangerang. Data praktik pemberian makan menggunakan kuesioner CFPQ atau (Comprehensive Feeding Practice Questionnaire) dan data status gizi menggunakan indikator z-score TB/U, BB/U dan BB/TB, uji analisis bivariat menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman rho.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman rho, bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif antara praktik pemberian makan ibu pada aspek melibatkan anak dalam menyiapkan makanan dengan status gizi indikator z-score BB/U
(p=0,019; r=0,3116), memantau asupan makan dengan status gizi pada indikator z-score TB/U (p=0,005; r=0,366), dan mendorong asupan anak bervariasi dan seimbang dengan status gizi balita z-score indikator BB/TB (p=0,012; r=0,331).
Keismpulan: Praktik pemberian makan pada aspek melibatkan anak dalam menyiapkan makanan, memantau asupan makan anak dan mendorong asupan anak bervariasi dan seimbang memiliki hubungan yang positif terhadap perubahan status gizi pada balita dimasa pandemi Covid-19.
 
Kata kunci: pandemi Covid-19, praktik pemberian makan, status gizi balita
Leiomiomatose metastática benigna: diagnóstico diferencial de múltiplos nódulos pulmonares sólidos
Authors: Torres Luiz Fernando Oliveira , Catunda Lucyara Gomes , Andrade Èrica Aline
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: relatar o caso de uma paciente portadora de leiomiomatose metastática benigna (LMB). Metodologia: as informações foram obtidas por meio de revisão do prontuário, entrevista com a paciente, registro fotográfico dos métodos diagnósticos aos quais a paciente foi submetida e revisão da literatura. Resultados: Mulher, 48 anos, com história pregressa de miomatose uterina, diagnosticada com nodulações pulmonares sólidas, evidenciadas por tomografia computadorizada. Na investigação diagnóstica foi submetida a histopatológico, sendo verificado padrão de LMB. Conclusão: Deve-se sempre considerar LMB como diagnóstico diferencial em pacientes com múltiplos nódulos pulmonares sólidos e histórico de miomatose uterina abordada.
The Application of Al-Wakalah bil Ujrah Contract on Unit Link Insurance According to DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 52 2006: A Case Study of PRUlink Syariah Generasi Baru
Authors: Indra Fadhila Sukur , Luthia Sahira Sajjadia , Rachmawati Andini , Santoso Arif Dian , Sup Devid Frastiawan Amir
Published: December 2022

Insurance makes the fund prepared accurately when problems or disasters occur without predictions. Also, in sharia insurance, there is al-wakalah bil ujrah which is used to give authority to manage the premium collected funds so that they can be useful and develop. This study aims to determine how the application of the al-wakalah bil ujrah contract on PRULink Syariah Generasi Baru at PT Prudential Indonesia. Then, to find out the level of validity according to the Fatwa DSN-MUI No: 52/DSN-MUI/III/2006 concerning al-Wakalah bil Ujrah Contract on Sharia Insurance and Reinsurance. This study uses a qualitative method in field research and a descriptive analysis approach. Data collection was carried out through field observations, interviews with related sources, and documentation which was analyzed using the measurement tool to DSN-MUI Fatwa No: 52/DSN-MUI/III/2006. The results shows that Prudential Syariah Yogyakarta Branch sufficiently met the criteria set by the DSN-MUI Fatwa No: 52/DSN-MUI/III/2006 concerning al-wakalah bil ujrah Contract on Sharia Insurance and Reinsurance. All provisions are written and explained at the beginning of the contract, although not all mechanisms are included in the company standard, such as the accuracy of the allocation of investment funds that distributed to the stock market, the criteria for insurance participants who do not meet the requirements surplus sharing and the lack of transparency in the management of tabarru' funds.
Comparison of Rahn Contract from the Perspective of Islamic Law and Indonesian Guarantee Law
Authors: Asari Aang , Firdaus Muhammad Irkham
Published: December 2022

Pawn is an accessory contract or a complementary contract to the debt and receivable contract. The definition of a pawn is a guarantee delivery contract from a person who owes a debt to a person who is in debt with an item that has economic value. This paper provides an overview of the comparison between pawning in positive law in the Civil Code and pawning contained in Islamic law. The purpose of this paper is to identify, know, understand, and examine the specific differences between pawn contracts in Islamic law and Indonesian positive law. So that readers can map out the comparison of the two pawn contract theories. The method used in this paper is a qualitative approach. The type used in writing this article is library research. The author examines, observes and looks for data from reference books that can be accounted for. The result of the research in this paper is that the term pawn in Islamic law is called ar-rahn. The difference between rahn and pawn in positive law, among others, is regarding the maintenance of the collateral. In Islamic law the pawnbroker is not subject to the term interest or additional costs outside the pawn agreement, but there is only an additional maintenance fee for the collateral. Whereas in positive law, in addition to the cost of maintaining goods, there is also an additional cost called 'interest' that must be borne by the lender. In Islamic law collateral goods are not limited to movable goods, but also immovable goods, while in positive law the collateral object is only limited to movable goods.
Study of Progression of COVID-19 in Indian Population based on Transcriptomic Approach
Authors: Kshattry Mrinmoy , Singh Sarangthem Dinamani , Bharali Pankaj , Sastry Garikapati Narahari
Published: December 2022

The pandemic of COVID-19 ravaged most countries and made the healthcare system go for a toss. The impact of the disease is different in each patient and it progresses differently. Based on the severity, the COVID-19 infection is stratified into three main categories- mild, moderate, and severe. In this study, we performed a transcriptomic study of different stages and studied the progression of the disease. The study was based on an Indian population of 28 COVID-19 patients, which were classified into different groups. Our analysis has shown that as the disease progresses, the genes involved in the degranulation of the neutrophils and galactose metabolism increase. Furthermore, we identified the hub proteins in each stage. TB is one of the comorbidities of COVID-19 and a comparative study was done to identify the preserved module of genes in both. Enrichment analysis showed that the members of this module are significantly involved in translation and ribosome synthesis.
Role of COVID-19 in Regeneration of Natural systems
Authors: Noor Hassaan , Javed Javeria
Published: December 2022

Unusual outbreak of Covid 19 has put the whole new challenges around the globe. In a short span of time, the world has been changed, lifestyles, social events, cultural, political events everything has been put on hold as number of countries has enforced partial or complete lockdown that resulted positive in context of controlling spread and contamination of COVID-19. Such activities have also put some effects on environment in both positive and negative way. In this study only positive impacts of COVID-19 on Environment have been highlighted that played role in regeneration of natural systems i.e., reduced air emissions, cleaner air, beaches &water bodies, reduced noise levels, biodiversity rehabilitation etc.
Examining Predictors of Psychological Well-being among University Students: A Descriptive Comparative Study across Two Samples
Authors: Thanoi Wareerat , Vongsirimas Nopporn , Sitthimongkol Yajai , Klainin-Yobas Piyanee
Published: December 2022

Purpose: Using an identical experimental structure with both Thai and Singaporean undergraduates, we investigated relationships (interactions) among social support, stress, resilience, mindfulness, and self-efficacy on psychological well-being (PWB). Stress indicated a negative influence on PWB, but mindfulness, resilience, self-efficacy, and social support indicated positive influences. Methods: A cross-sectional predictive design was used with 966 Thai and 673 Singaporean university students. After calculating an adequate sample size and performing convenience sampling, we administered the following six standard scales: the Perceived Stress Scale, the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, the Mindfulness Awareness Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Multi-dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the Psychological Well-being Scale—along with a demographic questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling were performed for participants’ PWB. Results: Mindfulness had significant effects for both factors of PWB, including autonomy and growth, and cognitive triad, across two samples. In the Thai sample, resilience most strongly predicted autonomy and growth and perceived stress did so the cognitive triad, whereas in the Singaporean sample, perceived control most strongly predicted autonomy and growth and support from friends did so the cognitive triad. Conclusion: These findings provide specific knowledge toward enhancing psychosocial interventions and toward promoting PWB to strengthen mindfulness, resilience, perceived control of stress, and social support. stress, resilience, mindfulness, psychological well-being, university students
The Role of ADAS While Driving in Complex Road Contexts: Support or Overload for Drivers?
Authors: Bosurgi Gaetano , Pellegrino Orazio , Ruggeri Alessia , Sollazzo Giuseppe
Published: December 2022

The possibility of using some warnings inside modern vehicles should be an aid to the driving activity. However, the information transferred to users is not always received in the expected way due to the variability and complexity of the road environment.
This study, therefore, aims to identify a procedure that allows to ascertain whether drivers receive the data in an appropriate way even during particular manoeuvres, such as passing cyclists on a winding road or, on the contrary, if they represent an unnecessary overload.
To answer this question, an experimentation in a simulated environment was set up with which the drivers’ visual behaviour was recorded in presence and absence of a driving aid device (On- Board Unit, OBU).
The results show that, in some situation, the information provided by the OBU helps to maintain a more virtuous driving behaviour but, in the most complex ones, drivers acquire information from a smaller number of sources, excluding the aid devices present inside the cockpit.
This procedure is useful for ADAS designers in order to refine these instruments but also for road managers who can improve safety by inserting appropriate signs or speed limits.
The Silver Bullet: A Safe and Efficient Attenuated Vaccine for Viral Diseases Based on Biothermodynamics
Authors: Popovic Marko
Published: December 2022

Live attenuated vaccines have through history proved themselves as safe and efficient. Pasteur has developed a vaccine against rabies, through a long process of passage of the virus wild type through rabbits. The result was one of the most efficient attenuated live-virus vaccines. This paper suggests a method based on calculations of biothermodynamic properties of potential tissues for vaccine application, predilected host tissue and virus wild type. Gibbs energy of biosynthesis represents the thermodynamic driving force for virus multiplication. The attenuated strain of the virus should possess Gibbs energy of biosynthesis, which is less negative than the predilected target tissue, but more negative than the vaccine portal tissue. In that way, the attenuated virus strain should be able to multiply in the vaccine portal of entry tissue and cause an immune response, making it efficient. On the other hand, the attenuated strain cannot multiply in the predilected host tissue, making it safe. The attenuation is achieved by adding a gene to the virus, which encodes a ballast protein. Production of the ballast protein would make virus multiplication less favorable, since it would require energy, but be useless to the virus.
On a new arithmethic additive function related to the generalized divisors of an integer
Authors: Bouderbala Mihoub
Published: December 2022

The main purpose of this paper is to define a new additive function related to generalized divisors of an integer and to study some of its properties.
A New Account of the Relation between Art, Science, and Design : Noam Andrews: The Polyhedrists
Authors: Karakas Alexandra
Published: December 2022

In general, the intertwining of drawing, perspective, instruments, design, and science is still far from being fully understood. In particular, the way mathematical knowledge of solids relates to art is a multidisciplinary endeavour that is hard to grasp without simplifying matters in some way. In his new book titled The Polyhedrists: Art and Geometry in the Long Sixteenth Century, Noam Andrews aims to detail the history of Platonic solids in different domains.
Las campañas de voluntariado como herramienta didáctica en Geografía
Authors: Marrero-Rodríguez Néstor , Sanromualdo-Collado Abel , García-Romero Leví , Peña-Alonso Carolina , Fariña-Trujillo Beatriz
Published: December 2022

El desarrollo de campañas de voluntariado por parte de asociaciones sin ánimo de lucro ha supuesto un incremento en la popularidad de la lucha contra especies exóticas invasoras en las islas Canarias (España). El presente artículo tiene como objetivo evaluar la capacidad educativa de estas campañas en el voluntariado participante. Para ello se empleó una metodología basada en la realización de encuestas al mismo; trabajo de campo en el que se acompañó al voluntariado durante las jornadas de trabajo y, finalmente, entrevistas abiertas a los miembros de las asociaciones encargados del proyecto de erradicación. Los principales resultados muestran que los encuestados realizaron una valoración positiva del aprendizaje en las campañas de voluntariado. La mayoría de ellos confirmó haber adquirido conocimientos sobre flora exótica invasora, flora nativa, fauna, geología, entre otros, siendo de interés en el aprendizaje sobre los elementos y procesos que forman parte del territorio, así como sobre herramientas para su adecuada gestión. Así mismo, desarrollaron inquietud por temas relacionados, habiendo realizado búsquedas de información posteriores a las campañas. Por tanto, el presente trabajo permite concluir que las campañas de voluntariado son una herramienta didáctica geográfica para diferentes grupos de edad e independientemente de su formación o experiencia previa.
Health system readiness for prevention and response to female genital mutilation in West Pokot County of Kenya
Authors: Kimani Samuel , Okondo Chantelle , Kabiru Caroline , Esho Tammary , Muteshi-Strachan Jacinta
Published: December 2022

Background
Health system-led end female genital mutilation (FGM) interventions should leverage on prevention and curative functionalities of the sector for which integration of human rights, social justice and care services can be realized.
Objective
We, assessed health system readiness for FGM-related prevention and response in West Pokot county of Kenya.
Methods
Qualitative and quantitative data collection approaches to capture responses across stakeholders and beneficiaries were used. Interviews were conducted with 34 policy actors at national and county levels; four focus group discussions conducted with service providers and women with FGM; 23 in-depth interviews involved service providers and 30 facility assessments were conducted. Quantitatively data were analyzed and presented in proportions and frequency tables while qualitative data were analyzed into themes and presented in narratives. Triangulation of quantitative and qualitative findings provided the discourse herein.
Results
The findings showed that: national as well as health-sector specific laws/policies addressing FGM were identified albeit limited knowledge on their contents; health facilities offered essential reproductive services namely antenatal, delivery and postnatal care, family planning and gynecological but only (23%) end FGM-related interventions. This was coupled with lack of guidelines and protocols to support FGM prevention and care services. Women with FGM presented with physical, birth, gynecologic, psychological and sexual complications but mitigation measures for these impacts were generic characterized by high proportions of referrals and explicit neglect of FGM-related sexual and psychological complications. The challenges identified to affect response to FGM included: lack of data capture and resources (IEC materials) for promoting awareness, inadequate FGM-preventive interventions, and limited capacity for health care workers (HCWs) to offer FGM care services.
Conclusion
A favorable legal-policy environment, vast infrastructure network and resilient human resource were hallmark of West Pokot health system that ought to have supported FGM response. This calls for health system strengthening with consideration for dissemination and sensitization about existing policies, development of skills supports tools, training of HCWs in high FGM prevalent settings, anchoring FGM in the HMIS, documentation, development of IEC materials to support FGM messaging as well as addressing financing, resources and adopting integration of end FGM intervention into health programs.
Verification of Pedigree Information with Paternity Testing in Karacabey Merino Sheep
Authors: kabasakal adem
Published: December 2022

In recent years, complex tests of DNA sequences, genetic research and the use of specific DNA polymorphisms as genetic markers have been developing rapidly. It is widely used in DNA-based parental testing. Therefore, it has replaced the blood types routinely used in pedigree tests. The aim of the study was to evaluate the 14 microsatellite loci in the study in terms of paternity test parameters and to investigate the usability of the relevant loci in determining the parentage of the Karacabey Merino breed. In the study, paternity testing was performed on 5 rams of Karacabey Merino breed and their probable 98 offspring using 14 microsatellite loci. 290 alleles were observed in the study. The observed heterozygosity ratio (Ho) on the basis of loci was formed between 0.82 and 0.98, and the expected heterozygosity ratio (She) was between 0.87 and 0.93. In the study, the individual exclusion probabilities (PE) value of the loci were between 0.596 and 0.761 and the combined exclusion probabilities (CPE) values of 0.99999995 were calculated. According to the results of the study, it has been revealed that paternity tests using 14 microsatellite markers can be used with high accuracy.
Evaluating the final color of restorations with three CAD/CAM core materials (Cr-Co, Zirconia, Peek), veneered by two methods (indirect CAD/CAM composite, heat-pressed ceramics)
Authors: Chitsaz Foujan , Kaboudani Shima , Khoshkhounejad Nikfam , Zeighami Somayeh
Published: December 2022

Background
This study aimed to evaluate the final color of restorations with three different core materials (Cr-Co, Zirconia, PEEK) veneered with heat-pressed ceramic or CAD/CAM composite.
Methods
Forty core disks (10 mm× 10mm× 0.5 mm) were milled from Zirconia and Cr-Co blocks and were veneered with either A2 shade CAD/CAM composite resin or heat-press ceramic. (n=10) Ten disks from PEEK blocks were only veneered with composite resins. A2 shade veneer material with 2mm thickness served as control for color evaluation. Color parameter were measured by spectrophotometer.
Results
The mean color differences of Cr-Co, Zirconia and PEEK samples veneered with composite were 2.91(±0.45), 3.24 (±0.33) and 2.75 (±0.35) and for Cr-Co and Zirconia in ceramic groups were 6.46(±0.32) and 1.97(±0.19) respectively. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test showed a significant difference between the core groups veneered with ceramic (P value=0.000). The type of core material in the composite veneered samples, however, did not make a significant difference. (P value=0.186). All groups except for Cr-Co-ceramic showed clinically acceptable results (ΔΕ<3.7).
Conclusion
Type of core material presented significant effect on the final color of restorations when ceramic was used as a veneer material. Conversely, the final color of composite veneer restorations is not affected by the core type. CAD/CAM composites can provide adequate color coverage for different core materials without exceeding a minimum clinically acceptable thickness
The effects of the remedy for subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy on the mothers and their offspring
Authors: jin Gengxue , xu Xiangyu , chen Hui
Published: December 2022

Objective: To investigate the effect of levothyroxine (L-T4) intervention on pregnant women and their offspring with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) during pregnancy.
Methods:46 pregnant women who were hospitalized in the endocrine metabolism department and obstetric clinic of the second hospital of Lanzhou University from April 2013 to December 2014 were selected. According to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, they were divided into a case group (21 cases in the hypothyroidism group during pregnancy) and a normal control group (25 cases). Pregnant women in the case group were given L-T4 intervention to maintain their thyroid function at the ideal standard as soon as possible. Pregnant women in the control group were observed, and all pregnant women were followed up for pregnancy complications and obstetric outcomes, All offspring were assessed with Gesell scale when they were 2-3 years old. All subjects were followed up until December 2016.
Results:There was no significant difference in pregnancy complications, obstetric outcomes and Gesell scale scores of 2-3 years old offspring between the two groups.
Conclusions:Early intervention with L-T4 in gestational Sch has a positive effect on pregnancy complications, adverse obstetric outcomes and neurointelligence development of offspring aged 2-3 years.
Rapid monitoring of milk fat using Image processing coupled with ANN and PSO methods
Authors: Nouri Behzad , Mohtasebi Seyed Saeid , Moghadam Lena Beheshti , Omid Mahmoud , Mohtasebi Seyed Morteza
Published: December 2022

Monitoring the main compositions of milk content like fat, lactose, protein and total solids, has become a major challenge in dairy cattle farming. For quantitative determination of fat content in milk based on the relation of milk color features different methods have been used, but long time, high cost, and need for experts for analysis are some disadvantages of them. In this study, for rapid monitoring of milk fat content, novel technology of image processing coupled with artificial neural network (ANN) and Particle swarm optimization (PSO) methods has been applied. The estimated milk fat content of the best proposed method was extensively compared with the reference sample (R2=0.99, MAE=0.22, and MSE=0.05). Moreover, effect of water on color components of milk with different percentages of fat content have been investigated. Results approved the proposed method as a reliable, rapid and low-cost method for monitoring milk fat content.
The efficacy of sedation for Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing in pediatrics
Authors: Fallahnezhad Tayyebe , Sharafi Mohammad Amin , Yazdi Malihe Mazaher , Jarollahi Farnoush , Pourbakht Akram
Published: December 2022

Auditory evoked responses are one of the most efficient tools for objective assessment of hearing level in infants and children who do not have the necessary cooperation to perform behavioral auditory evaluations. Among these responses, auditory brainstem response (ABR) has a special place, because it is not affected by the subject's arousal level. Therefore, using different methods, especially sleeping drugs (sedatives), is necessary for hearing evaluation by ABR in children. to the best of our knowledge, no comprehensive and definitive conclusions have been made about the effectiveness of sedation drugs used in ABR evaluation on children. in this study, we aimed to perform a comprehensive search to assess the efficacy of different sedation methods for Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing in pediatrics. Our primary goal is to evaluate the efficacy of sedation drugs used in ABR evaluation on children. Secondary objectives include determining the time and dose required to complete ABR evaluation in different sedation drugs, evaluating heterogeneity, and finding its potential sources.
General criteria for hyperstability of Cauchy-type equations
Authors: Dăianu Dan Marceliu
Published: December 2022

We provide three large classes of control functions that ensure the hyperstability of the Cauchy equation on restricted domains included in various types of commutative semigroups. Among other consequences, we obtain significant improvements on similar results known from the literature for several Aoki-Rassias-type control functions.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). Primary 39B82, 39B52; Secondary
39A70, 39B62, 39A10.
The impact of the central metal on the structural, linear, and nonlinear optical performance of BDC for possible use in energy storage applications
Authors: hamdalla taymour , darwish ahmed , zaidia eman , alghamdi saleh , khasem sayed , alfadly shahid , mahmoud mohamed , soliman seliem
Published: December 2022

In a variety of industrial fields, including gas storage and separation, electrochemical energy storage, catalysis, and sensing, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown an elevated level of performance in recent years. In the current paper, benzene dicarboxylic (BDC) acid as a ligand was used to link with Cu(II) and Fe(III) ions via a casting method to generate two different metal-organic frameworks, namely Cu-BDC MOF and Fe-BDC MOF, respectively. The structural, linear, and nonlinear optical characterizations of the as-prepared two MOFs were investigated. The morphology of Cu-BDC MOF and Fe-BDC MOF was confirmed by using XRD, and SEM. Utilizing the TGA, the thermal stability properties of the as-prepared MOFs were evaluated, and referred that Cu-BDC MOF was more thermally stable than Fe-BDC MOF. The investigated optical transmission properties in the wavelength region 325–1100 nm confirmed that Fe-BDC was greater than Cu-BDC by 33 %. Wemple–DiDomenico and Tauc models were used to analyze the optical constants. The dispersion parameters of Cu-BDC MOF were identified as much greater than those of Fe-BDC MOF. This could be interpreted by the increase in Cu valence electrons, which occurs primarily due to the rise in the number of cations. The outcome of this work is suggested to help in understanding the effect of metal nodes on the structural and optical properties of MOFs.
Effects of Tobacco Exposure on Maternal Thyroid Function During the First Trimester of Pregnancy
Authors: Bakar Rabia Zehra , Cetin Cağlar , Yozgat Can Yilmaz , Kutuk Mehmet Serdar
Published: December 2022

Aim This study aimed to assess the deleterious effects of tobacco exposure on maternal thyroid function and investigate its relationship to subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnant women during the first trimester. Subjects and Method A comparison of maternal thyroid function was made on 45 smokers, who composed the study group, and 72 non-smokers, pregnant women, which constituted the control group. After determining smokers by questionnaire, carbon monoxide (CO) levels were measured and recorded in the expiratory air of the participants in both groups, and the exposure of smokers was objectively confirmed. Results Smoking and non-smoking pregnant women were similar in terms of body mass index (BMI). Maternal serum TSH levels were lower in the smoking group compared to the non-smoker group (1.48 ± 0.12 mIU/L versus 1.72 ± 0.13 mIU/L), but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.239). Even though the rate of subclinical hypothyroidism was 8.9% in the smoking group, it was approximately 19.4% in the non-smoker group (p = 0.187). Conclusion This study proved that lower serum TSH levels were encountered in smokers during pregnancy, but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups.
Droplet-based logic gates simulation of viscoelastic fluids under electric field
Authors: Santos F.P , Tryggvason G. , Ferreira G.G.S.
Published: December 2022

Nano and microfluidic technologies are emerging tools for preparing drugs with controlled properties or creating microfluidic devices similar to logic circuits. This work investigates a droplet-based logic gate system for viscoelastic fluids since bio-fluids are mostly viscoelastic. We consider an AND/OR system evaluating the Weissenberg number, the Capillary number, and geometric parameters. In order to classify operational conditions, a deep learning classification algorithm is used to derive a reduced-order model. This deep learning classification model accelerates operating conditions predictions and can be used to combine different AND/OR branches without conducting complex simulations. We concluded that non-operating regions can become operational if an external force is applied. We also proposed an electrically induction technique that can transform non-operational conditions into operating ones by using an electric field to repel or attract the droplet.
A New Theory on Transfer and Dissipation of Viscous Energy in Compressible, Viscous Fluid Flow
Authors: Zhou Huaichun , Yu Bo , Chen Zhaoshuai , Zhang Liwei , Sheng Wen , Guo Han
Published: December 2022

To better understand turbulence, it is necessary to re-examine the treatment of viscous energy dissipation by the Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations. In this paper, a local viscous energy in a fluid is defined using the product of the local viscous force and the velocity. The gradient of this viscous energy represents the local change rate of viscous energy, in which the sum of all the positive terms describes the irreversible, viscous energy loss in the motion of a viscous fluid, and can be directly used to establish the thermodynamic energy equation. The remainder of the local change rate of viscous energy includes the velocity components. The parts other than the velocity components represent the viscous force components of the fluid in all directions, which can be added to the Euler equation to establish the momentum equation of viscous fluid. Then, new momentum and thermodynamic energy equations for general, compressible, viscous fluid flows are derived, being different from the traditional N-S equations. The term of divergence of velocity in the N-S momentum equation, which is directly related to the local change of density in the fluid, does not appear in the new equation, indicating a decoupling between the compressibility and the viscosity. The viscous force terms in each direction in the N-S momentum equation includes the partial derivatives of the velocity components in the other two directions, while this is not the case in the new equation.
DYNAMIC MODELING AND OPTIMAL CONTROL OF A POSITIVE BUOYANCY DIVING AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE
Authors: Wang Zhiguang , Wei Zhaoyu , Yu Caoyang , Cao Junjun , Yao Baoheng , Lian Lian
Published: December 2022

The positive buoyancy diving autonomous vehicle combines the features of an Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV) and an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) for marine measurement and monitoring. It can also be used to study reasonable and efficient positive buoyancy diving techniques for underwater robots. In order to study the optimization of low power consumption and high efficiency cruise motion of the positive buoyancy diving vehicle, its dynamic modeling has been established. The optimal cruising speed for low energy consumption of the positive buoyancy diving vehicle is determined by numerical simulation. The Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller is designed to optimize the dynamic error and the actuator energy consumption of the vehicle in order to achieve the optimal fixed depth tracking control of the positive buoyancy diving vehicle. The results demonstrate that the LQR controller has better performance than PID, and the system adjustment time of the LQR controller is reduced by approximately 56% relative to PID. The motion optimization control method proposed can improve the endurance of the positive buoyancy diving vehicle, and has a certain application value.
ASSESSMENT OF YOUTH PARTICIPATION IN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS: AN EXPERIENCE FROM MEKELLE, ETHIOPIA, EASTERN AFRICA
Authors:   Associate Professor, Dept. of Cooperative Studies, College of Business and Economics, Mekelle University., Meniga Muthyalu , Gebregiorgies Gebrecherkos ,   Assistant Professor, Dept. of Cooperative Studies, College of Business and Economics, Mekelle University., Aradom Mulugeta ,   Lecturer, Dept. of Sociology, College of Social Sciences, Adigrat University.
Published: December 2022

The main objective of the study was to assess the level of youth participation in Community Development programs. The cross sectional research design was used for this study. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected from the primary and secondary source to meet stated study objectives. The primary data was collected from the sample respondents. The secondary data was collected from related annual reports, progress reports, published and un-published documents, journals, books, internet and other sources. Quantitative and qualitative data collection methods were used. The study used simple random sampling technique to select sample respondents. The study results revealed that youths were interested to participate in sports and recreation activities, entrepreneurship and artistic activities. However, all respondents agreed that there were limited sport and recreation centers in the study area so that youths were not enjoyed more according their interest. The study also indicated that majority of youth were not involved in needs assessment level, prioritization stage, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation stage of the community development programs. This implies that youth are not given opportunity to involve in the community development process in the study area. The study further revealed that, youth were motivating to participate in community development programs, to learn new skills, experiences and to achieve personal goals. Therefore, for effective, genuine and active youth participation, government, non-government and other youth concerned organizations priority should be given to designing program activities that meets youth new skills, experiences and personal goals.
DETERMINATION OF EVIDENCE OWNED TO THE VICTIMS THROUGH PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION IN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM IN INDONESIA
Authors:   Law Doctoral Program Students Lampung University., Fany Ardhiansyah Risky , Rosdiah Nikmah ,   Lecturer Doktoral Program Faculty of Law, University of Lampung., Rifai Eddy ,   Lecturer Doktoral Program Faculty of Law, University of Lampung., Akib Muhammad ,   Lecturer Doktoral Program Faculty of Law, University of Lampung.
Published: December 2022

Victims in the criminal justice system will become victims of being re-victimized by the state because they have to wait so long to get their goods as a result of confiscation. Therefore, the problem in this study is how is the construction of the procedural law for determining evidence belonging to a victim of a crime through a preliminary examination based on restorative justice. This study aims to examine the philosophy of confiscation in the criminal justice system, the effectiveness of the criminal justice system regarding the return of confiscated goods, and the formulation of a system for determining the victims confiscated goods through a preliminary examination based on the value of justice. The research method used is normative legal research, namely research using legal positivism. The results of the study stated that the nature of evidence in evidence in the criminal justice system is one of the materials that form evidence instructions and can be used to strengthen the formation of a judges conviction. The function and position of evidence in the criminal justice system in Indonesia are as supporting evidence and preliminary evidence, with a preliminary examination process carried out by the judge to accommodate a request for the return of evidence from a victim.
EVOLUTION OF CLINICAL PARAMETERS OF 131 PATIENTS UNDERGOING ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT AT THE NATIONAL BLOOD TRANSFUSION CENTER OF ABIDJAN
Authors:   Laboratory of Biology and Health, UPR Reproduction and Animal Development, UFR Biosciences, University of Cocody., Wahon Marie-Odile Tovi , Yao Abo ,   Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine, Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., Albert Minga ,   Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine, Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., Koffi Kouakou ,   Laboratory of Biology and Health, UPR Reproduction and Animal Development, UFR Biosciences, University of Cocody.
Published: December 2022

A descriptive study was conducted on HIV patients who had started antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study included a sample of 321 patients selected from the cohort of HIV-infected patients followed at the Medical Center for the Follow-up of Blood Donors (CMSDS) of Abidjan (RCI), in the period from 2005 to 2012. These patients were regularly treated, according to their status, with seven (07) ARV therapeutic combinations which are AZT-3TC-EFV AZT-3TC-NVP AZT-3TC-NFV AZT-3TC-LOP/RIT DT4-3TC-EFV DT4-3TC-NVP FTC-TDF-EFV. Regular follow-ups were performed during 36 months of treatment and clinical parameters (Karnofsky Index, Body Mass Index, Brachial Perimeter) were measured every six (6) months. The evolution of these three parameters (KI, BMI and BP) is a good indicator of the effectiveness of the treatments, as they allow patients to maintain a good clinical condition.