bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SUBTITUSI TEPUNG TERIGU DENGAN TEPUNG PISANG TONGKA LANGIT UNTUK PEMBUATAN CRACKERS
Authors: Tetelepta Gilian , Picauly Priscillia
Published: October 2018

Tongka langit banana contain high nutrients including pro vitamin A and a total of carotene. However, it is also a perishable product, and would deteriorate if not processed or not completely consumed. Therefore, this banana should be processed into diverse products. It can be processed into intermediate product such as flour, which can be further applied in crackers making. This research was conducted in two stages. First stage was the making of tongka langit banana flour and the second was crackers making. The crackers were made from tongka langit banana flour and wheat flour having different ratios, i.e. 20 %: 80 %; 40 %: 60 %; 60 %: 40 %; 80 %: 20 %. Variables observed on crackers including moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fiber and carbohydrate contents, as well as organoleptic properties of taste, aroma, colour, texture and overall likeness. Results showed that ratio of banana flour to wheat flour of 40%:60% produced crackers with moisture, ash, protein, fat, fiber, and carbohydrate contents of 4.60%, 4.46%, 6.64%, 17.54%, 1.18% and 4.60%, respectively. In addition, organoleptic test revealed that crackers made from 40% banana flour and 60% wheat flour were mostly liked by panelists in terms of taste, colour, aroma, texture and overall likeness.

Keywords: crackers, tongka langit banana

 

ABSTRAK

Pisang tongka langit kaya akan kandungan gizi antara lain mengandung provitamin A dan total karotenoid yang sangat tinggi. Namun pisang tongka langit mudah mengalami kerusakan jika tertunda pengolahannya atau tidak habis dikonsumsi, oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan upaya diversifikasi terhadap pisang tongka langit. Pisang tongka langit dapat diolah menjadi bahan setengah jadi berupa tepung yang dapat diaplikasikan menjadi produk crackers. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua tahap, tahap I adalah pembuatan tepung pisang tongka langit dan tahap II adalah pembuatan crackers dari tepung pisang tongka langit dan tepung terigu dengan empat taraf perlakuan perbandingan subtitusi tepung pisang tongka langit dan tepung terigu yaitu masing-masing 20 %: 80 %; 40 %: 60 %; 60 %: 40 %; 80 %: 20 %. Pengamatan yang dilakukan pada crackers yaitu analisa kadar air, abu, protein, lemak, serat pangan, karbohidrat dan uji organoleptik yang meliputi rasa, aroma, warna, tekstur dan tingkat kesukaan secara keseluruhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula crackers tepung pisang tongka langit 40% : 60% memiliki nilai kadar air berkisar antara 4,60%, kadar abu 4,46%, protein 6,64%, lemak 17,54%, serat 1,18% dan karbohidrat 4,60%. Sedangkan uji organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa crackers tepung pisang tongka langit 40% : tepung terigu 60% memiliki rasa, warna, aroma, tekstur dan tingkat penerimaan secara keseluruhan yang disukai panelis.

Kata Kunci: crackers, pisang tongka langit
Treatment of Acid Orange 74 Wastewater and Sugar Wastewater by Low Cost Adsorbents
Authors: Madiraju S.S.V. Harsha , Hung Yung-Tse , H. Paul Howard
Published: October 2018

This study shows the treatment of combined binary mixture of Acid Orange 74 and sugar wastewater with peanut hull and orange peel as low-cost adsorbents. The performance of a combined adsorption-microfiltration process for the color removal is measured and compared using transmittance and absorbance indices at mechanical shaker mix level. This selected treatment procedure is among one of the most economical treatment alternatives to all technologies present now. The parameters studied during this research are analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models on low cost adsorbents. Conclusive results after the treatment are indicated in this paper at their optimum dosages and sizes. This treatment method is applicable in the actual conditions at territory treatment stage.
Hydrothermal Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Fruit Juice for Potential Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Ramar K. , Ahamed A. Jafar
Published: October 2018

This study employed a green, eco-friendly and convenient hydrothermal method for the synthesis of stable silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using neem (Azadirachta indica A Juss) fruit extract, which also acts as a reducing and capping agents. Since neem fruits has been found to have various medicinal applications, this fruit has been chosen in this paper to obtain Ag NPs. The Ag NPs were characterized by PXRD, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), FTIR, FESEM-EDAX, and HRTEM analysis. UV–Vis DRS spectra studies provided sufficient evidences for the formation of Ag NPs. The major role of functional groups present in the synthesis and stabilization of the NPs was obtained from FTIR studies. The PXRD and HRTEM investigations clearly demonstrated the crystalline nature of the NPs. From the HRTEM images, the Ag NPs were found to be spherical and of nearly uniform size with an average size of 13 nm. Further, Ag NPs were subjected to the agar disc diffusion antimicrobial assay (Mueller–Hinton Agar testing) against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria. The test results showed the potent antibacterial activity of NPs for Gram-positive bacteria is higher than that the Gram- negative bacteria
SIMULASI GANGGUAN VOLTAGE SAG DAN VOLTAGE SWELL PADA JARINGAN 20 KV MENGGUNAKAN MATLAB SIMULINK
Authors: Ihwanudin Mustofa
Published: October 2018

Pada jaringan distribusi sering muncul gangguan yang bisa mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas daya, diatara penyebab penurunan kualitas daya adalah voltage sag dan voltage swell. Gangguan jenis ini dapat mengakibatkan gagal operasi peralatan terutama yang menggunakan komponen elektronik daya. Penelitian berupa simulasi untuk menggambarkan terjadinya voltage sag dan voltage swell yang disebabkan gangguan fasa ke tanah dan pelepasan beban yang di variasi dengan sambungan trafo distribusi yang berbeda. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan software matlab simulink. Hasilnya model simulasi mampu menggambarkan sinyal voltage sag  akibat hubung singkat satu fasa, dua fasa, tiga fasa ke tanah dan sinyal voltage swell akibat pelepasan beban.
El èthos: entre el kairós y las formaciones discursivas
Authors: Vitale María Alejandra
Published: October 2018

El artículo plantea que en el estudio del èthos o imagen de sí que el orador construye en su discurso se involucran dos nociones de diversa tradición. Una noción, que proviene de la retórica, es la de kairós; otra, usada en la perspectiva francesa de análisis del discurso, es la de formación discursiva. El trabajo analiza discursos de la expresidente argentina Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, en los que se identifica, por un lado, un èthos pedagógico y experto, vinculado con el kairós y el aquí y ahora de la enunciación, y, por otra parte, un èthos guerrero y anti institucionalista, ligado interdiscursivamente a una formación discursiva propia a una ideología populista.
Caracterización del exilio como una figura de la exclusión
Authors: Rodríguez Pliego Circe
Published: October 2018

El presente artículo es una primera aproximación al estudio del exilio como figura del lenguaje, que pone en cuestión los discursos imperantes. Para tal efecto se proponen tres aspectos a considerar. La mediación del lenguaje por aparatos de poder que delimitan sus capacidades enunciativas y determinan las relaciones que a partir de él se establecen. El exilio como una práctica que cuestiona los discursos estatales en torno a la ciudadanía y los derechos humanos. Y la fuerza retórica del lenguaje que imposibilita clausurar sus sentidos y significados. De esta manera, se considera que una aproximación retorica al exilio le confiere una condición crítica que le permite desbordar los discursos dominantes.
Striving for relevance in a competitive market: The case of Leeds Becket University’s brand identity
Authors: Mogaji Emmanuel
Published: October 2018

A working paper exploring the various logo change of the Leeds Becket University.
Emerging of unexpected extra efficiency
Authors: Farooq Umer
Published: October 2018

Substantial amount of extra efficiency emerged during experiments on repulsion and attraction forces between an electromagnet and a permanent magnet. Repeatedly repeatable experiments verified emerging of this extra efficiency undeniably. Whenever both current (of electromagnet) and flux (of permanent magnet) were enhanced, efficiency jumped higher. Output must increase because of enhanced current and flux but from where does the extra efficiency come? I^ 2R loss increases as a result of increment in current so efficiency must drop but it increases instead! No rule of electromagnetism justifies this extra efficiency. A theory has also been evolved to interpret the results of experiments. In this theory laws of motion have been applied on magnetic force. The laws of motion justify the extra efficiency sufficiently. According to the laws of motion, the emerging of the extra efficiency is absolutely natural.
Party and Regional Affiliations in Increasing the Phenomenon of Divorce in Zanzibar: A Maqasidic Study
Authors: Studies International Journal of Fiqh and Usul al-Fiqh
Published: October 2018

This study deals with the impact of party affiliation on the rise of the phenomenon of divorce in Zanzibar. It also provides a historical overview of the entry of Islam, its economy and history of political parties before and after independence of the country. Pointing to the high rate of divorce in Zanzibar, this study identifies major reasons behind it, which include affiliation to various political parties, discrimination based on the variances of islands, ignorance about religious teachings, inefficient knowledge about the purposes of familial relationships, regional chauvinism and political party racism. The statement of the problem in this research is that in contrast to rest of countries, the high rate of divorce phenomenon in Zanzibar is repercussion of the affiliation to various political parties and belonging to different islands. Likewise, this study digs out the motives of this problem which causes the disintegration of families and its solutions in light of maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah. This research contains three chapters. The first chapter analyses the history of advent of Islam and political parties to Zanzibar; second chapter deliberates on consequence of political affiliation in the rise of divorce rate in Zanzibar and third chapter discusses the role of maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah in reducing the occurrence of divorce because of party and regional affiliations.
Analysis of atmospheric thermodynamics using the R package aiRthermo
Authors: Saenz Jon , González-Rojí Santos , Carreno-Madinabeitia Sheila , Ibarra-Berastegi Gabriel
Published: October 2018

This is a non-peer reviewed preprint submitted to EarthArxiv. It corresponds to the version initially submitted to Computers and Geosciences corresponding to final paper "Analysis of atmospheric thermodynamics using the R package aiRthermo", describing a new package for R which has been designed for computations of quantities related to atmospheric thermodynamics. The paper was finally accepted and the readers are encouraged to cite its final version, available as DOI 10.1016/j.cageo.2018.10.007
The Re-Branding of IKIP Padang to UNP: How the Changes in Brand Awareness and Brand Image Would Affect Student’s Enrollment Interest?
Authors: Trinanda Okki
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of brand image and brand awareness on the 1999’s re-branding of Institut Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Padang (IKIP Padang) to Universitas Negeri Padang (UNP) towards West Sumatera’s highscool student’s enrollment interest. The population of this research are the West Sumatera’s highschool students. To determine the sample, this research uses random sampling method. Based on BPS data (Indonesia’s Central Beaureau fo Statistics), the number of high school students in West Sumatra amounted to 34.701 students, and by using "Krejcie table", the sample found to be of 380 students. Whereas for data analysis, multiple regression with descriptive analysis and inductive analysis was used.The result showed that (1) UNP’s brand awareness has a positively significant influence towards highscool student’s enrollment interest, (2) UNP’s brand image has a positively significant influence towards highscool student’s enrollment interest, (3) both UNP’s bramd awareness and brand image has a positively significant influence towards highscool student’s enrollment interest. Based on this research, the top management of Universitas Negeri Padang is advised to: (1) Increase the UNP’s brand awareness and brand image in the minds of prospective students, especially with it’s motto “Alam Takambang Manjadi Guru”, (2) Introduce and disseminate the information about UNP’s official website fe.unp.ac.id to prospective students, and (3) Provides information about the difference between IKIP Padang and UNP to the prospective students.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK
Authors: Nur Hidayat Fendy , Aulia Alfi Yusron , Hilmansyah Sopyan , Gunawan Yudhantama Pratyahara
Published: October 2018

VPN (Virtual Private Network) adalah salah satu metode untuk menghubungkan koneksi antar perangkat dengan melalui jaringan publik. VPN juga sebagai solusi untuk menghemat biaya oprasional untuk menghubungkan kantor pusat dengan kantor cabang, selain itu VPN juga menggunakan tunneling diatas jaringan public dengan metode PPTP, L2TP, SSTP, dan OpenVPN, dari ke empat protokol tersebut akan dibandingkan satu persatu agar dapat diketahui kelemahan dan kelebihan yang ada pada protokol tersebut, untuk memudahkan dalam penerapan jaringan VPN sesuai dengan yang dibutuhkan.
Understanding the Unique Relationships Between Self-Compassion, Mindfulness, and Individual Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: A Network Analysis
Authors: Mullarkey Michael C , Dobias Mallory , Bluth Karen
Published: October 2018

Disentangling the unique associations of self-compassion and mindfulness with adolescent depression has been an empirical challenge. Taking a symptom-level approach to adolescent depression using network analysis can address some of the most common conceptual and psychometric challenges in this area. Under this network analysis framework, some symptoms are more central, or predictive of the presence of other symptoms, than others. When evaluating associations between adolescent depressive symptoms and protective factors like self-compassion and mindfulness, stronger unique associations with more central symptoms may therefore be of particular interest. In this study, we estimate a mixed graphical model network containing individual depressive symptoms, mindfulness, and self-compassion in 1,055 adolescents. Self-compassion had stronger unique associations with more central symptoms (self-compassion edge-weight: -0.43, mindfulness edge-weight: -0.22) while mindfulness had stronger unique associations with all of the depressive symptoms (self-compassion edge-weight: -0.92, mindfulness edge- weight: -1.68). Self-compassion and mindfulness provided additive, unique associations to some symptoms, but there were multiple symptoms that were uniquely associated only with mindfulness or only with self-compassion. These findings suggest that self-compassion and mindfulness both can play uniquely important roles in adolescent depression, but their effectiveness as protective factors may depend on the individual symptoms the adolescent is at risk for or currently experiencing.
Spatial context effects at different scales: A formal model for egocentric contexts in two- and three-dimensional space
Authors: Hillmert Steffen
Published: October 2018

Spatial context effects are a topic in many scientific disciplines. This paper examines which conceptual steps are necessary for determining the extension, or the appropriate scale, of relevant spatial environments when contexts can be analytically disaggregated into context elements. Adequate models of scale need to specify not only the distance-dependent relevance of context elements but also their distribution and an adequate combination. In this way, it becomes possible to understand why non-monotonic patterns in scale-related context effects have been repeatedly found in spite of common assumptions of distance decay in relevance. In many cases, a distance-related maximum of (aggregate) context relevance can be expected, so that there is an “optimal” range for the measurement of context effects. It is also important to distinguish between applications in two- and three-dimensional space. This general model helps to specify the steps necessary for the determination of spatial context patterns and to identify unrealistic assumptions.
The Connection between Dragon Heads- Raising Day and the Opet Festival
Authors: Xu Bohai
Published: October 2018

I think the worshipping ceremony in the Opet Festival is similar to worship Dragon King in Dragon Heads-Raising Day in meaning and form,and I think the rituals of the Opet Festival ’s religious celebration is also similar to perform land boat dance, dragon dance , Dragon Boat Race and yangko dance, do acrobatics in Dragon Heads- Raising Day. So from the paper, we can speculate that Dragon Heads-Raising Day is actually the Opet Festival in China.
Global risks and population policy
Authors: Kovic Marko , Rauchfleisch Adrian , Caspar Christian
Published: October 2018

Population policy in the sense of the active and targeted reduction of future life years is a potential mitigation strategy for global risks. We argue that even though population policy is almost certainly effective in principle, it is not necessarily practically viable or desirable, for three reasons. First, in order to be as effective as possible, population policy would necessarily (also) target Western developed nations, but debates on population policy, paradoxically, seem to focus on developing countries. Second, reducing future life years is potentially a great moral burden because it means reducing the total amount of future happiness; systematically preventing people from coming into existence is a difficult moral problem. Third, population policy as a risk mitigation strategy is somewhat self-defeating because the successful mitigation of some risk by means of population policy reduces the very utility of mitigating that risk. These three problem areas do not make population policy categorically unacceptable, but any use of population policy for the mitigation of global risks is in need of strong and evidence-based justification. Given that the resources available for mitigating global risks are limited, we believe that they should be used on more promising risk mitigation approaches and strategies.
The Effect of Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry on Mental Toughness
Authors: Manley Harry , Jarukasemthawee Somboon , Pisitsungkagarn Kullaya
Published: October 2018

Are narcissistic athletes mentally tough? Here we examined the effect of narcissistic admiration and rivalry on mental toughness. Based on their contrasting behavioural correlates and cognitive affective-motivational basis, we predicted that admiration (i.e., agentic narcissism) would be positively associated with mental toughness, whereas rivalry (i.e., antagonistic narcissism) would be negatively related to mental toughness. In a sample of elite Thai athletes (N = 297), we assessed narcissistic admiration and rivalry, self-esteem, self-reported mental toughness, and coach ratings of mental toughness for a subset of athletes. Narcissistic admiration was positively associated with self and coach-ratings of mental toughness. In contrast, narcissistic rivalry was negatively associated with self and coach-ratings of mental toughness. These effects were independent of self-esteem and stress the importance of considering both the agentic and antagonistic sides of narcissism when addressing narcissism’s relationship with mental toughness.
Depression and antidepressants in Australia and beyond: A critical public health analysis
Authors: Raven Melissa
Published: October 2018

In Australia and most developed countries, depression has vaulted from an obscure affliction to a high-profile modern epidemic, accompanied by a significant escalation in antidepressant prescribing. A strong orthodoxy has developed that depression is common, serious, and treatable, and that the appropriate treatment is antidepressants. However, there are public health and social grounds for questioning this orthodox story. Vastly more people are being diagnosed with depression, and treated with antidepressants, now than several decades ago. Yet diagnosis of depression is subjective, and is based on highly criticised criteria. Furthermore, the evidence that underpins the orthodoxy is weak and biased, and this is compounded by biased interpretation and selective reporting, particularly in relation to clinical trials of antidepressants.Two analytical approaches are used in this thesis. The first is critical analysis of the objective validity of specific claims and assumptions about depression and antidepressants, using a mixture of epidemiological analysis and critical appraisal skills from the evidence-based medicine field. The second approach is a broad analysis of strategies used by advocates of the orthodoxy. This includes an analysis of how claims about depression and antidepressants and related issues such as suicide are deployed in the depression arena, focusing on what claims have been made, by which players, in which contexts, for which reasons, and with what impact. Also analysed are pharmaceutical industry marketing strategies, and strategies used by other players such as psychiatrists and consumer organisations, all of which often utilise claims about depression and so on.The orthodox story has been promoted by many players, including psychiatrists, pharmaceutical companies, marketing companies, health professional organisations, consumer organisations, governments and government agencies, and the media. These players interact in complex ways, based on overlapping and synergistic agendas.Key players have strongly promoted the orthodox story, despite contrary evidence, systematically exaggerating the prevalence and severity of depression and the effectiveness and safety of antidepressants for both depression and suicide prevention. Pharmaceutical companies have played a key role in the establishment and maintenance of the orthodoxy, skilfully recruiting other players to their cause.A detailed case-study analyses how key players, including prominent psychiatrists and consumer advocacy organisations and pharmaceutical companies, have succeeded in making depression a central focus of Australian mental health policy, fuelling the boom in antidepressant prescribing. Not only have antidepressants been remarkably successfully and profitably sold in Australia, but also depression has been reified and marketed as an all-purpose explanation for distress. As well as exposing many thousands of people to adverse effects of antidepressants, this has deflected attention from social determinants of well-being.
From Statistical Significance to Effect Estimation: Statistical Reform in Psychology, Medicine and Ecology
Authors: Fidler Fiona
Published: October 2018

Compelling criticisms of statistical significance testing (or Null Hypothesis Significance Testing, NHST) can be found in virtually all areas of the social and life sciences—including economics, sociology, ecology, biology, education and psychology. Because it is the overwhelmingly dominant statistical method in these sciences, criticisms need to be taken seriously. Yet, after half a century of cogent arguments against NHST and calls to adopt alternative practices some disciplines show little sign of change. One obvious question is ‘why?’ Why are researchers so unwilling to abandon this flawed practice? In this thesis I attempt to answer this question, and compare practice across scientific disciplines.
Is laparoscopic totally extra peritoneal repair of hernia (TEP) superior than trans-abdominal preperitoneal (TAAP) mesh repair of inguinal hernia- our experience from a tertiary care hospital, Kolkata
Authors: Gangopadhyay Ambar , Ghosh Bikash Chandra
Published: October 2018

Background: The most common laparoscopic techniques for inguinal hernia repair are transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair and totally extraperitoneal (TEP) repair. In TAPP a mesh is placed through peritoneal incision over possible sites of hernia by going into peritoneal cavity, where as in TEP the peritoneal cavity is not entered and a mesh is used to seal the hernia from outside the peritoneum.Aims and Objectives: The aim of the current study was to compare the outcome of Total Extra- peritoneal (TEP) versus Trans-abdominal Pre-peritoneal (TAPP) repair of inguinal hernia, where both can be done.Materials and Methods: The current randomized control study was conducted among eighty patients of inguinal hernia. Of these, the sampling was done through random allocation of patients for TEP (Group-I) and TAPP (Group-II), comprising forty patients in each group. All patients irrespective of group were observed for pain (by VAS Score), mean operative time, duration of hospital stay, days taken to resume their normal activities, intra-operative and early post-operative complications and recurrence if any.Results: The pain in both groups was insignificant until one day but highly significant differences (p<0.0001) were observed by end of day 2 and 1 month, showing higher degree of pain in TAPP with respect to TEP procedure. The differences in mean operative time for surgery was highly significant (p<0.0001) with mean time of 86.72 min (TAPP) and 99.72 (TEP). The duration of hospital stay was higher in TAPP (5.2 days) compared to TEP (2.6 days). The mean time to return to normal activities was 10.8 days (TAPP) and 6.2 days (TEP) which was highly significant (p<0.0001). The recurrence though occurred only in one patient in TEP group which was negligible. The other post-operative complications was seroma (8 cases; TAPP) versus (1 case; TEP) and it was highly significant (p<0.0001). The port site infection was in 20 % patients (8/40) in TAPP compared to 2.5% (1/40) in TEP group.Conclusion: The TEP is comparatively superior than TAPP procedure in terms of post-operative complications, duration of hospital stay and return to normal activities.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(6) 2018 20-24
Use of Cobra External Fixator for treatment of Distal Radius Fractures
Authors: Ranjeet Niraj , Onta Pratyenta Raj , Sapkota Krishna , Thapa Pabin , Wahegoankar Krishna , Thapa Upendra Jung
Published: October 2018

Background: Distal radius fractures are one of the commonest injuries only after clavicle fractures. These fractures poses challenges to the treating surgeons as a result of which these fractures are sometime treated unacceptably and leads to poor outcome. Among various treatment options for these fractures wrist sparing Cobra external fixator is one of the options with an impressive stability and outstanding functional outcomes.Aims and Objectives: To determine whether this system can achieve adequate reduction of a variety of DRF, is able to maintain reduction despite hand and wrist movements, whether it compromises hand and wrist functions and leads to long term problems.Materials and Methods: From July 1, 2016 - June 30, 2017, all skeletally matured patients with acute distal radius fractures (AO-A2, B1, C1, C2) were adequately reduced and fixed with Cobra ex-fix. Immediately post-op patients were encouraged to start range of motion of the wrist as the pain decreased. The patients were followed up in 2,4 and 8 weeks and were analyzed clinically, radiologically, their functional outcomes and any complications.Results: Twenty-two patients were included in our study. Nine were males and 13 were females. Using the AO classification, 15 were classified as A2, 2 were B1, 3 were C1, and 2 were C2. The mean number of weeks the cobra fixator was maintained was 5.3 weeks. The Cobra ex-fix was able to achieve excellent maintenance of radial height and radial inclination and good maintenance of dorsal tilt. Recovery of functional activities according to Gartland and Werley’s functional scoring system was good to excellent in all patients at 8 weeks follow-up.Conclusion: The Cobra external fixation system is an outstanding device for use in fractures of the distal radius. It achieves superior anatomic correction and is dependable in maintaining fracture reduction even with hand and wrist use.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(6) 2018 84-89
Knowledge, attitude and practice of blood donation among university students in Basrah, Iraq: A comparison between medical and non-medical students
Authors: Al-Asadi Jasim N , Al-Yassen Asaad Q.
Published: October 2018

Background: Young students can play a fundamental role in blood donation to save lives of many people. Therefore, studying factors contributing to their knowledge, attitude and practice of blood donation is essential.Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge and attitude of Basrah University students about blood donation.Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study involved students of two colleges in Basrah University. It was carried out during the period from January to April 2017. A non-probability purposive sampling method was used in selecting the participants for this study. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge and attitude towards blood donation were collected through a structured self-administered questionnaire.Results: A total of 422 students were targeted, of these 393 (93.1%) completed the questionnaire.Only 51 (13%) of total respondents had a history of blood donation, of those 64.7% donated only once. The most mentioned reasons behind not donating were; not being asked to donate (24.6%), inconsideration of donation (11.1%), and fear of drawing blood (8.8%). Adequate knowledge was detected in 66.7% and positive attitude in 68.7%. Students of College of Medicine were younger, more knowledgeable, and donate more than those of College of Administration and Economics.Conclusion: A substantial number of the university students had inadequate blood donation knowledge. Education programs and motivational campaigns should be enhanced.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(6) 2018 62-67
Roditeljski pritisak i kvaliteta života mladih sportaša
Authors: Glibo Iva , Barić Renata
Published: October 2018

Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati razlike u kvaliteti života (KŽ) mladih sportaša i nesportaša, provjeriti metrijske karakteristike Upitnika roditeljskog pritiska u sportu (URPS) te ispitati povezanost između roditeljskog pritiska i KŽ. Uzorak sudionika čini 100 mladih sportaša prosječne dobi 12.4 godine i 71 nesportaš prosječne dobi 12.5 godina. Kvaliteta života procijenjena je upitnikom The Kidscreen – 52 koji broji 11 dimenzija. Utvrđeno je da se mladi sportaši i mladi nesportaši ne razlikuju u ukupnoj procjeni kvalitete života. Značajna razlika utvrđena je na razini faktora tjelesne dobrobiti i obiteljskog okruženja. Sportaši izvješćuju o višoj razini tjelesne dobrobiti, a nesportaši o višem zadovoljstvu obiteljskim okruženjem. Za procjenu roditeljskog pritiska prvi je puta korišten URPS čije su metrijske karakteristike pokazale zadovoljavajuću pouzdanost, no nešto slabiju osjetljivost. Faktorskom analizom ekstrahirana su dva faktora roditeljskog pritiska nazvana roditeljski kriticizam i roditeljska očekivanja. Utvrđeno je da postoji negativna povezanost između roditeljskog kriticizma i KŽ, dok nije utvrđena značajna povezanost između roditeljskih očekivanja i KŽ.
Non-institutional centres for social services in the Republic of Macedonia (with special focus on the Department for Organized Living Support in the community of people with intellectual disabilities)
Authors: Damovski Andon
Published: October 2018

Sve veća važnost tzv. relacijskog i strateškog modela društvenih aktivnosti u socijalnom radu, nasuprot ranijim medicinskim modelima, omogućava unapređenje prava osoba s invaliditetom i njihovo uključivanje u društvo. U okviru ovog modela koncept stambenih zajednica za osobe s invaliditetom smatra se alternativom institucionalnom obliku skrbi za ove osobe, te može imati ključnu ulogu u ostvarivanju socijalne inkluzije rizičnih društvenih skupina. Ovakav pristup u socijalnoj politici značajno unapređuje ljudska prava osoba s invaliditetom, naglašavajući potrebu da im se pruži prilika za ostvarivanje njihovih osobnih ciljeva, prilika za osobni slobodan odabir, usvajanje novih vještina, razvoj njihovih odnosa s drugima i dobivanje primjerene stručne podrške u zadovoljavanju njihovih individualnih potreba u okolini u kojoj žive. U ovom radu prikazana je analiza neinstitucionalnih centara koji pružaju socijalne usluge u Republici Makedoniji, s posebnim osvrtom na Odjel za podršku organiziranom življenju u zajednici osoba s intelektualnim teškoćama.
Procjena i praćenje komunikacijskih sposobnosti osoba s traumatskim ozljedama mozga
Authors: Prizl Jakovac Tatjana , Habus Sanja
Published: October 2018

Komunikacijske su teškoće kod osoba s traumatskom ozljedom mozga različite, uzimajući u obzir rasprostranjenost ozljede, vrstu udaraca i težinu traumatskog oštećenja mozga. Cilj ovoga rada, i u tu svrhu provedenog istraživanja, bila je procjena komunikacijskih sposobnosti osoba s traumatskim oštećenjem mozga na verbalnom, gestovnom i grafičkom modalitetu primjenom Porch indeksa komunikacijskih sposobnosti (Porch Index of Communicative Ability, PICA, B. E. Porch, 1981) prevedenog i prilagođenog hrvatskom jeziku. Ispitivanje je provedeno na 14 ispitanika obaju spolova, u dobi od 21 do 62 godine, kroz tri vremenska razdoblja u razmaku od tri mjeseca, kako bi se pratio napredak ispitanika kroz ponovljena ispitivanja. Svi su ispitanici bili na liječenju i rehabilitaciji u Specijalnoj bolnici za medicinsku rehabilitaciju u Krapinskim Toplicama. Prikupljeni su podatci obrađeni univarijantno i multivarijntno. Korišten je Friedmanov neparametrijski test za testiranje značajnosti razlika aritmetičkih sredina malih zavisnih uzoraka. Za analizu sustava varijabli kvalitativnih i kvantitativnih promjena jednog uzorka u dvije vremenske točke korišten je program PROM (Nikolić, 1997). Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na najmanji stupanj oporavka u verbalnom modalitetu. Gestovni modalitet je značajno oštećen u početnim ispitivanjima, ali se pod utjecajem terapije brže oporavlja. Grafički modalitet opisuju najlošiji rezultati zbog pareza ili plegija ekstremiteta. Rezultati ukazuju i na važnost zastupljenosti određenog modaliteta u ranoj rehabilitaciji komunikacijskih poteškoća nakon ozljede mozga.
Preliminary analysis of reliability and validity of the questionnaire "Aural Rehabilitation Outcomes Profile" (PIRS)
Authors: Šulja Ines , Bonetti Luka , Hrastinski Iva
Published: October 2018

Cilj ovog rada je provedba preliminarne analize pouzdanosti i valjanosti Profila ishoda rehabilitacije slušanja (PIRS) – upitnika samoprocjene namijenjenog kvantifikaciji funkcionalnih teškoća slušanja s obzirom na zvučno okruženje i obilježja sugovornika (1., 3. i 5. dio), učestalost pojave različitih kompenzacijskih komunikacijskih strategija i izraženost socio-emocionalnih posljedica SOS-a (4. dio), stupanj utjecaja SOS-a na svakodnevne aktivnosti (2. dio) te kvalitetu slušne izvedbe i zadovoljstvo dodijeljenim slušnim pomagalom (5. dio). Analiza navedenih metrijskih obilježja svakog pojedinog dijela PIRS-a provedena je na uzorku od 47 odraslih sudionika (37 korisnika slušnog pomagala i 10 čujućih osoba), a uključila je analizu Cronbachovih koeficijenata pouzdanosti i međuklasnih korelacijskih koeficijenata, provedbu faktorske analize, primjenu Mann-Whitney U Testa u ispitivanju razlika u samoprocjeni između čujućih i sudionika s oštećenjem sluha te korelacijsku analizu stupnjeva oštećenja sluha i rezultata samoprocjene. Rezultati navedenihpostupaka pokazali su da svi dijelovi PIRS-a posjeduju pouzdanost i valjanost čiji potencijal opravdava daljnje ispitivanje njihovih metrijskih svojstava s ciljem provjere kliničke primjene PIRS-a kao mjere ishoda rehabilitacije SOS-a.
Promiču li hrvatske čitanke socijalni model invaliditeta?
Authors: Gašpar Andrea , Ostojić Baus Jasna , Jakovčev Mirjana
Published: October 2018

U formiranju ranih stavova prema osobama s invaliditetom veliki utjecaj ima škola, školski programi, kao i udžbenici. Republika Hrvatska trenutno prolazi kroz proces transformacije koncepta invaliditeta od medicinskog prema socijalnom modelu. Navedeni koncept nije na svim razinama jednak, stoga je cilj ovog istraživanja bio utvrditi jesu li, i u kojoj mjeri, osobe s invaliditetom u hrvatskim čitankama prikazane kroz suvremeni, socijalni model. U skladu s ciljem istraživanja formirana su sljedeća pitanja: Kolika je zastupljenost tekstova u kojima se spominju osobe s invaliditetom u hrvatskim čitankama? Koja je vrsta invaliditeta najzastupljenija u tekstovima hrvatskih čitanki? Odgovara li zastupljenost pojedinih vrsti invaliditeta u čitankama stvarnom udjelu osoba s invaliditetom u Hrvatskoj? Jesu li osobe s invaliditetom u tekstovima prikazane u okviru medicinskog ili socijalnog modela? Odgovori na pitanja dobiveni su analizom sadržaja uzorka od šesnaest čitanki hrvatskog jezika za razrednu i predmetnu nastavu za školsku godinu 2016./2017., od ukupno četiri različita nakladnika izabranih metodom slučajnog odabira. Rezultati ukazuju na značajnu podzastupljenost tekstova u kojima su prisutne osobe s invaliditetom u hrvatskim čitankama. U cjelokupnom uzorku od šesnaest čitanki i 1320 analiziranih tekstova prisutno je ukupno 25 tekstova u kojima je radnja vezana uz 34 osobe s invaliditetom. U tekstovima su najzastupljenije osobe s tjelesnim invaliditetom (29,41%) i oštećenjima vida (26,47%), a ova zastupljenost djelomično odgovara stvarnim udjelima invaliditeta u populaciji. Također, osobe s invaliditetom prikazane su pretežno u okviru socijalnog modela (55,88%), najčešće kroz pozitivnu diskriminaciju (44,12%). Ovaj rad može poslužiti kao dobra polazna točka za buduća istraživanja ove tematike kako bi se pratio proces transformacije modela invaliditeta.
Demografske i profesionalne karakteristike srednjoškolskih učitelja u relaciji sa stavovima prema edukacijskom uključivanju
Authors: Vlah Nataša , Međimorec Grgurić Petra , Baftiri Đana
Published: October 2018

Teachers are key actors in promoting inclusion primarily because of their readiness to accept students with disabilities, and the resulting engagement between student and teacher can strongly influence whether inclusion is successful. The present study explored whether demographic and professional characteristics of vocational school teachers influence their attitudes towards inclusion of students with intellectual disability, specific learning disabilities, behavioral problems and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The following data were collected on 568 teachers (33% male, M = 45 yr) from 25 vocational schools in Zagreb, Croatia: gender, age, qualifications, subject area, overall work experience, work experience with students with disabilities, and self-reported difficulties working with students with disabilities. The occurrence of these factors was analyzed relative to the following four outcomes: teacher’s need for professional assistance in achieving inclusion, pessimistic attitude of the teacher about likelihood of successful inclusion, self-perceived competence in achieving educational inclusion, and problems in collaborating with parents. The results suggest that certain demographic and professional factors in teachers are associated with their attitudes towards inclusion of students with disability. Further research is needed on this issue, which should ultimately lead to the design of lifelong-learning interventions that nurture in teachers greater eagerness to work with students with disability.
Specifične teškoće učenja i cerebelarna teorija - uvid u zadatke ravnoteže i motorike
Authors: Lenček Mirjana , Usorac Mateja , Ivšac Pavliša Jasmina
Published: October 2018

The cerebellar deficit hypothesis, proposed by Nicolson and Fawcett (1996; 1999), suggests that dyslexia, one of the most frequent specific learning disabilities, involves general impairment in the ability to perform skills automatically, which several studies have linked to the cerebellum. Disorders in cerebellar development may lead to impairments in reading and writing that are key features of dyslexia and other specific learning disabilities, which would be consistent with the presumed role of the cerebellum in language-related skills. The cerebellum has traditionally been considered as a motor area, so performance on motor and balance tasks may be a way to assess problems in cerebellar function associated with specific learning impairment. The aim of the present study was to determine whether there are differences in performance on balance and motor tasks (Yap and van der Leij, 1994; Ramus and colleagues, 2003) between students with specific learning disabilities (N=32) and typically developing students (N=32), as well as to determine whether performance in both groups correlates with reading skills. Students were in the fourth grade of elementary school in Zagreb, Croatia. Typically developing students achieved a significantly higher total score on balance and motor tasks than students with specific learning disabilities (Mann Whitney U test), supporting the cerebellar deficit hypothesis. In addition, performance on balance and motor tasks correlated significantly with performance on reading tasks (Spearman’s rank correlation). Further research is needed to clarify these correlations and why they occur.
Obilježja pokreta očiju i modeli čitanja utemeljeni na uporabi uređaja za praćenje pokreta očiju
Authors: Matić Ana
Published: October 2018

U posljednjih su nekoliko desetljeća razvijene brojne metode s ciljem rasvjetljavanja mehanizama jezične obrade. Ugrubo se mogu podijeliti na metode koje se provode u odgođenom i u stvarnom vremenu (u ovome će se radu koristiti izvorni engleski izrazi off-line i on-line), pri čemu ih razlikuje način primjene te vrsta i obilježja podataka koje pružaju. Metoda praćenja pokreta očiju (engl. eye-tracking) danas se smatra jednom od najboljih metoda za proučavanje jezične obrade. Ona daje uvid u procese kognitivne obrade u stvarnom vremenu, a za razliku od off-line, ali i nekih on-line metoda, npr. metode mjerenja evociranih potencijala ili funkcionalne magnetske rezonancije, naročito je pogodna za istraživanje procesa koji se protežu u vremenu. Budući da je utemeljena na pretpostavkama koje povezuju fiziološku razinu kontrole pokreta oka s kognitivnim procesima koji su u pozadini, a pritom je i neinvazivna, danas je ovo sve zastupljenija metoda u proučavanju procesa vezanih za jezičnu obradu. Glavni je cilj ovog rada dati kratki pregled metoda istraživanja jezične obrade s posebnim naglaskom na on-line metodu praćenja pokreta očiju, predstaviti obilježja pokreta očiju tijekom čitanja te pružiti prikaz nekih od danas najaktualnijih modela čitanja. Iako se jezična obrada može proučavati i putem čitanja i putem slušanja, za potrebe ovog rada naglasak je stavljen na paradigmu čitanja.
Dynamic Potential of Feedback in Self-Regulated Learning and Motivation of Children with Mathematical Learning Difficulties
Authors: Salihu Linda , Aro Mikko , Räsänen Pekka
Published: October 2018

Ovim istraživanjem želio se ispitati učinak vrste povratnih informacija (feedback-a) na učenje i motivaciju djece s teškoćama u učenju matematike. Procijenjena je izvedba 76-ero djece - polaznika petih razreda na zadacima računanja, kao i njihova motivacija za rješavanje matematičkih zadataka, s obzirom na vrstu povratne informacije: trenutnu korektivnu povratnu informaciju te odgođenu konvencionalnu povratnu informaciju. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da su djeca imala značajno bolji rezultat kada im je bila pružena trenutna korektivna povratna informacija, nego kada im je pružena odgođena konvencionalna povratna informacija. Rezultati također ukazuju da pružanje trenutne povratne informacije povećava motivaciju učenika za rješavanje zadataka. S druge strane, pružanje odgođene povratne informacije imalo je negativan utjecaj na motivaciju, kao i na izvedbu u rješavanju matematičkih zadataka. Rezultati također pokazuju da su prisutnost matematičkih teškoća i prethodna razina razvoja matematičkih vještina bili značajni prediktori kasnije uspješnosti u rješavanju vremenski ograničenih zadataka, što, međutim, nije bio slučaj s promjenama u motiviranosti učenika.
Effect of inhalant allergies on voice quality in women
Authors: Bonetti Ana , Visković Mateja
Published: October 2018

Reports of negative influence of inhalant allergies on voice quality in the world are increasingly frequent. In order to evaluate this impact using objective and subjective methods, women with allergies (n = 30) and women without allergies (n= 30) underwent multidimensional assessment consisting of perceptual assessment, Voice Handicap Index – HR (Bonetti and Bonetti, 2013) and acoustic analysis. The results indicate a negative effect of allergies on voice quality, which is measurable as significantly worse VHI-HR results and worse harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR) in acoustic analysis.
Korisnost i uloga virtualnog okruženja u pomažućoj praksi
Authors: Vidović Petra , Vejmelka Lucija
Published: October 2018

Moderne tehnologije transformirale su područje pomažuće prakse na način da uvode nove vrste usluga koje se pružaju korisnicima, no ujedno mogu poslužiti kao dopuna već postojećim uslugama. No uz njihovu primjenu u pomažućoj praksi javljaju se određeni etički izazovi s kojima se stručnjaci svakodnevno suočavaju. Rad obuhvaća pregled aktualnih mogućnosti u radu s korisnicima koje nam je omogućila suvremena tehnologija, no isto tako i izazove korištenja iste za praktičare. Također u radu će biti prikazana rješenja kojima bi se mogla olakšati profesionalna komunikacija s korisnicima u današnjem virtualnom svijetu.
Usporedna analiza programa socijalnog poduzetništva kao mobilizatora zapošljavanja rehabilitiranih ovisnika u Hrvatskoj i zemljama Europske unije
Authors: Frleta Andrea , Babić Zdenko
Published: October 2018

Programi socijalnog poduzetništva od svojih su početaka u većini europskih zemalja usmjereni na integraciju marginaliziranih i teško zapošljivih skupina na tržište rada. Rehabilitirani ovisnici predstavljaju jednu od marginaliziranih skupina u društvu, za koje su tradicionalni načini za pristup tržištu rada zatvoreni. Određena istraživanja ukazuju na gotovo dvostruko veću nezaposlenost rehabilitiranih ovisnika u odnosu na opću populaciju. Zemlje Zapadne Europe u značajnoj mjeri koriste potencijal socijalnog poduzetništva kao instrument zapošljavanja skupina isključenih iz društva. Napori koji se ulažu u ovo područje u zemljama Srednje i Istočne Europe znatno su manji, a to pokazuje i primjer Republike Hrvatske. Ovaj se rad bavi komparativnom analizom programa socijalnog poduzetništva, čiji je fokus zapošljavanje rehabilitiranih ovisnika, u zemljama Europske Unije i Hrvatskoj. Rad na temelju provedene analize donosi preporuke za unaprjeđenje praktičnih aktivnosti i socijalnopoduzetničkih projekata namijenjenih kvalitetnijoj integraciji rehabilitiranih ovisnika na tržište rada.
1868 : Le moment Cro-Magnon
Authors: Hurel A.
Published: October 2018

Le gisement paléolithique de Cro-Magnon et ses fossiles humains érigés au rang de type selon les usages raciologiques, ont rapidement acquis une renommée considérable. Ils fournissaient aux préhistoriens un ensemble cohérent de matériaux et une abondance de restes humains d’une haute antiquité incontestable. Toutefois, ces événements, canonisés au cours des décennies suivantes par l’historiographie internaliste, méritent à cent cinquante ans de distance un nouvel examen. Cet article se propose donc de restituer à ces découvertes leur contexte historique et épistémologique, mais aussi de les analyser dans leur dimension d’altérité. En effet, les discussions autour de l’âge de la sépulture de Cro-Magnon interrogent la capacité, voire la volonté, de la communauté scientifique à accepter dans son entièreté l’univers des Préhistoriques qui se dévoile alors à eux.