bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Improved Binary Quadratic Interpolation Optimization for 0-1 Knapsack Problems
Authors: Salem Sara
Published: October 2023

This paper presents a new binary optimization technique for solving the 0–1 knapsack problem. This algorithm is based on converting the continuous search space of the recently proposed quadratic interpolation optimization (QIO) into discrete search space using various V-shaped and S-shaped transfer functions; this algorithm is abbreviated as BQIO. To further improve its performance, it is effectively integrated with a uniform crossover operator and a swap operator to explore the discrete binary search space more effectively. This improved variant is called BIQIO. Both BQIO and BIQIO are assessed using 20 well-known knapsack instances and compared to four recently published metaheuristic algorithms to reveal their effectiveness. The comparison among algorithms is based on three performance metrics: the mean fitness value, Friedman mean rank and computational cost. The first two metrics are used to observe the accuracy of the results, while the last metric is employed to show the efficiency of each algorithm. The results of this comparison reveal the superiority of BIQIO over the classical BQIO and four rival optimizers.
IMPELEMENTASI METODE HARRIS BENEDICT PADA SISTEM INFORMASI PENGHITUNGAN GIZI REMAJA BERBASIS WEBSITE
Authors: Guntara Arya
Published: October 2023

The teenage period is the peak stage of the growth period of a person's weight and height. This growth process requires sufficient nutritional support. Teenagers who have adequate nutritional intake will have a healthy body condition, rarely experience pain so that activities at home and at school will run smoothly. Lack of adolescent knowledge to know the nutritional needs in the body, can result in inhibition of the growth process. There needs to be a nutrition education for teenagers. Adolescents need knowledge about the calculation of nutritional adequacy. Utilization of information technology is widely used as a tool of convenience and aids in daily activities. With the above problems, an information system is needed in providing knowledge to adolescents about nutritional needs in their bodies. Information systems are built with PHP and Mysql and counting nutritional needs using harris benedict methods. The Harris Benedict method is a way to count the number of calories a person needs. The programming languages used for the creation of this application are PHP and MySQL for databases. Based on the results of the study, this application can help parents to find out the nutritional needs of their children who are teenagers online.
APLIKASI INVENTORI BARANG DENGAN METODE AVERAGE
Authors: Irawan Indra
Published: October 2023

With the rapid use of computer technology in business transactions, the author is interested in conducting a study that discusses the inventory system of building materials using the average method. With the use of this method in the process of calculating stock of goods, it is expected to be able to help business people in sustaining and developing the business they pioneered, so that they can compete with other similar business actors. This is illustrated from the transfer of the manual calculation process into the automation process resulting from the system built, the process of retrieving information that is fast, precise and accurate will be very helpful in terms of decision making, so that the targets to be achieved can be more easily and quickly implemented. In the future, this inventory information system can be developed again with a wider scope with a larger organizational scope.
ANALISIS KUALITAS WEB ZENIUS MENGGUNAKAN SYSTEM USABILITY SCALE (SUS)
Authors: Rasmila  , Damsi Ario , Jenni Cariyati Simanungklait  , Apriliansyah Rendi
Published: October 2023

During the Covid-19 pandemic, many students found it difficult to carry out their studies, so many companies provided online learning services to make it easier for students to learn. One of them is PT Zenius Education which provides online learning services, PT Zenius Education is a technology-based education company from Indonesia. Zenius provides education access services in Indonesian language video formats which are presented online through the website (zenius.com) and mobile phone applications. On the Zenius web there are many features and tutors that can make learning easier. The usability of the website according to Nielsen, namely learnbility, efficiency, memorability, errors, and satisfactions, the usability contained on the Zenius website is able to attract users because it is easy to use the Zenius website. This journal will discuss the analysis of the quality and usability of the Zenius website based on the views of various people who have used the Zenius website, so that it can make it easier for companies to improve the website so that Zenius website users are satisfied.
PEMANTAUAN VITAL SIGNS UNTUK PASIEN COVID-19 DENGAN MENGINTEGRASIKAN IOT DEVICE DENGAN STANDAR DATA KESEHATAN
Authors: Budi Santoso Misbah
Published: October 2023

Pelaksanaan kunjungan langsung kepada pasien yang terkonfirmasi positif covid-19 sangatlah beresiko terpapar dan tenaga medis merupakan salah satu yang memiliki resiko terpapar covid-19. Dalam kondisi seperti ini penggunaan teknologi untuk mengurangi resiko tenaga medis terpapar sangat di perlukan, dengan penggunaan sensor-sensor untuk pemantauan tanda-tanda vital dari jarak jauh dapat mengurangi beban kerja dan resiko terpapar serta mengurangi kesalahan pencatatan manual. Tujuan penelitian adalah merancang dan membangun alat pemantauan tanda-tanda vital berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) serta membangun prototipe tanda-tanda vital yang mendukung keamanan dan akurasi pertukaran data. Alat pemantauan tanda-tanda vital yang berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) akan diintegrasikan dengan sistem informasi rumah sakit menggunakan middleware. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode Engineering Design Process yang telah terbukti sering digunakan dalam proses desain. Proses yang dilakukan adalah permintaan data dan pengiriman data, transformasi data dan penyajian data, dengan penggunaan middleware sebagai penerima permintaan dan pengiriman data Health Level 7 (HL7), pada proses permintaan dan penerimaan data yang sudah di transformasi sesuai standar data kesehatan. alat pemantauan tanda-tanda vital berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) dapat di gunakan sebagai sarana untuk bisa melindungi petugas medis dari risiko terpapar COVID-19 serta Integrasi digital dapat memfasilitasi aliran informasi dengan lebih baik dan minim kesalahan serta penggunaan data Health Level 7 (HL7) dan memiliki bentuk data yang lebih terstruktur dan dapat mendefinisikan struktur data dari informasi yang dikirimkan antar sistem, model Interoperabilitas dapat mengurangi kebutuhan untuk melakukan input data manual yang berimbas pada penghematan waktu dan menghindari masalah kesulitan/kesalahan pembacaan atas tulisan tangan seseorang.
PEMANFAATAN KERANGKA KERJA INVESTIGASI FORENSIK JARINGAN UNTUK IDENTIFIKASI SERANGAN JARINGAN MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM DETEKSI INTRUSI (IDS)
Authors: Khaliq Abdul , Novida Sari Sri
Published: October 2023

One of the media to secure computers is to apply Intrusion Detection System (IDS) technology. IDS is an early detection system in the event of a computer network attack. The IDS will alert the computer network administrator in the event of a computer network attack. IDS also records all attempts and activities aimed at disrupting computer networks and other computer network attacks. The purpose of this study is to implement IDS on network systems and analyze IDS logs to determine the types and types of computer network attacks. Logs on the IDS will be analyzed in depth to be used as an effort to improve computer network security. The research method that will be used is applied research. The research was carried out using the Network Forensic Investigation Framework proposed by Pilli, Joshi and Niyogi. The stages of the Network Forensic Investigation Framework are used to perform network simulations, analysis and investigations to determine the types of computer network attacks. The results show that the Network Forensic Investigation Framework facilitates the investigation process when a network attack occurs. The Network Forensic Investigation Framework is effectively used when the computer network has network security support applications such as IDS or others. IDS is effective in detecting network scanning activities and DOS attacks. IDS provides alerts to administrators because there are activities that violate the rules on the IDS.
PERANCANGAN USER INTERFACE PADA WEBSITE STREAMING ANIME MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI FIGMA
Authors: Adhitama Adam , Widiyaningsih Wiwied , Lailasari Mita
Published: October 2023

Videos and Japanese cartoons called anime are getting more and more fans. With the development of computer technology, internet, to be able to watch movies and videos, it is enough to look at streaming websites. To create an attractive anime streaming website that provides various kinds of anime videos and films, a user interface design is needed so that website development is easier and can provide user convenience. Good user interface design must be user oriented. This study discusses the design of the user interface on anime streaming websites using the Figma application. The research method used is the prototype method, namely the stage of making the user interface design through a wireframe and then proceed with making a prototype. The finished user interface design will be used as a reference for creating an anime streaming website which will be used as the final product as the output of this research. Based on the test results using the Present facility in the Figma application and trials using a browser on a notebook device, the user interface design of the anime streaming website can run smoothly and the display of all web pages and menu buttons works well.

 

Keywords:  Figma, prototype, user interface, website, wireframe
MERANCANG SISTEM INFORMASI PENJUALAN BERBASIS WEB DI USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH
Authors: Ahmad Mubarik
Published: October 2023

The aim of this research is to create a web-based information system design for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to help them facilitate their technology business. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method with a literature review based on various studies that have been conducted and using object-oriented approaches such as system builder, development methods, etc. which were developed using the prototype method. The results obtained from this study are the design of information systems that can facilitate SMEs in sales and promotions. The conclusion is that a website information system can help small and medium businesses to develop their business in terms of promotion and sales so they can compete with big companies. Information systems capacity can create new opportunities for small and medium enterprises to expand their market share at a reasonable cost.
Análisis del fallo de la demanda contencioso administrativa de nulidad, promovida por el fiscal superior especializado en Asuntos Civiles, debidamente facultado por el procurador general de la Nación, en representación del Estado, para que se declare nulo
Authors: Barahona Carla Vanessa
Published: October 2023

Corporación: Corte Suprema de Justicia.
Sala: Tercera de lo Contencioso Administrativo.
Magistrado Ponente: Carlos A. Vásquez R.
Materia: Contencioso Administrativo de Nulidad.
Fecha: Panamá, 9 de julio de 2021.
Accionante: Fiscal Superior Especializado en Asuntos Civiles (Agente del Ministerio Público), en representación del Estado Panameño.
Normas Acusadas: Artículos 1141 y 1735 del Código Civil, artículo 48 de la Ley 32 de 8 de noviembre de 1984, artículo 73 de la Ley 56 de 27 de diciembre de 1995 y literales n y p del artículo 1 de la Resolución N°62 de 2 de abril de 2003.
Primary infertility due to retrograde ejaculation: Case series
Authors: Abdullahi HM  , Abdullahi M
Published: October 2023

Infertility is a worldwide problem that causes emotional and psychological distress in both men and women. Male, female and combined male and female factors play a role. Global data shows that the percentage of infertility that is attributable to males ranged between 20 and 70%. It is caused by physiological, genetic, environmental, social factors as well as retrograde ejaculation.Two couples presented to our facility with primary infertility for 6 and 8 years respectively. The male partners had surgical interventions. First one had a bladder surgery on account of urinary retention while the other one had a road traffic accident and was operated in the pelvis prior to his marriage.  Both of them had testicular biopsy prior to presentation, which revealed presence of sperm cells. They also observed a failure to ejaculate after intercourse and noticed a change in the color of their urine following the surgical intervention. Urinalysis revealed presence of sperm cells. They both had two cycles of Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) following which one of them conceived in the second cycle, and the other one had two failed IUI cycles, subsequently conceived via in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF and ET).Retrograde ejaculation is a cause of infertility and such cases are managed with assisted conception using Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) or Invitro fertilization and embryo transfer ( IVF+ET). Testicular biopsy should however be avoided in such patients. It should rather be performed for sperm harvesting and be used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
Review of cancer control policy in Nigeria and comparison with selected African countries: Implications for future policy making
Authors: Eguzo K  , Ramsden VR  , Ekanem U  , Olatunbosun O  , Walker V  , Mpofu C
Published: October 2023

Context: The public health importance of cancers in Nigeria is emerging. Robust cancer control policies are needed at all levels of government, especially the state.Objective: To review cancer control policies in Nigeria, especially regarding breast and cervical cancers, with emphasis on policy development process, scope and policy implementation. Also to compare Nigerian cancer control policy with selected African countries and suggest ways through which Nigerian states, such as Abia, can develop evidence-informed, patient-centered cancer control policy.Methods: A structured literature search was done using relevant subject headings and keywords. Boolean operators 'and'/'or' were used to refine the search. Databases searched were Pubmed/Medline, Embase, PsychInfo, Cinahl, Global Health and ERIC. The search included articles published between 2008 and 2018. Data was also collected from the International Cancer Control Plan portal as well as focused Google search.Results: Of the 194 abstracts retrieved, only 29 were included in this review. The 2018 Nigerian National Cancer Control plan (NCCP) showed significant improvement over the 2008 version, in terms of scope and policy development process. Literature search did not reveal any state-level comprehensive cancer control policy. The Nigerian policy lacked specific guidelines for breast cancer compared with the Ghanaian policy. Ghana allocated 12% of total budget to cancer research compared to 0.4% in Nigeria. The South African Breast Cancer policy was developed using more findings from local research and had the most encompassing, multiple perspectives approach.Conclusion: Review shows the content, process, pearls and pitfalls of cancer control policy from Nigeria and five other African countries. Findings will inform the strategy for developing cancer control framework states in Nigeria and other countries. As more Nigerian states work towards developing state cancer control plans, it is important to address the shortfalls identified in the current NCCP, especially regarding the use of multiple perspectives analysis.
A Review of Contraceptive Prevalence Rates in Afghanistan
Authors: Masudi Mohammad , Alami Sayed Naeem
Published: October 2023

Background and Objective: Family planning programs and the use of contraceptives are among the priorities of maternal and child health. Adequate information about the prevalence of family planning programs and contraceptive use in Afghanistan is not readily available. This review attempts to provide an appropriate perspective on the prevalence rates of contraceptive use based on existing data and suggests practical measures to improve the prevalence of contraceptive usage.

Research Method: In this review, data from Google Scholar, PubMed, the Ministry of Public Health website, the World Health Organization, and the National Family Planning Program were utilized. Seven articles published between 2001 and 2023 were selected and analyzed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Findings: A narrative summary of the results of the selected articles is presented in this paper. According to studies conducted in the country, statistics on the prevalence of contraceptive use show significant differences in comparison to demographic structures. The lowest figure reported in these studies is 10.4%. The utilization of contraceptives is reported as follows: oral contraceptives 38.5%, condoms 30.3%, medroxyprogesterone 17.0%, intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD) 15.6%. Overall, the prevalence rate of contraceptive use in the entire country reaches 15.4%.

Conclusion: In Afghanistan, due to numerous barriers, the use of contraceptives and the gap between pregnancies have not been promoted. Conversely, according to the conservative beliefs of the illiterate segments of society, the use of contraceptives is considered contrary to their religious beliefs and even in conflict with divine instructions. Therefore, it is imperative for policymakers to develop comprehensive and inclusive programs in this regard and seek assistance from religious leaders to align the community with these programs. Ultimately, the entire society needs to be mobilized.
Hepatitis B in Afghanistan
Authors: Rahimi Ali , Shayan Nasar Ahmad
Published: October 2023

Background and Objectives: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is one of the major public health challenges worldwide, affecting over 350 million people. The prevalence of this virus varies in different countries. Afghanistan, as a less developed country, has limited information about the epidemiological status of Hepatitis B. This study analyzes the prevalence and pattern of this disease in Afghanistan by reviewing existing sources to provide a better understanding of its situation and contribute to planning for Hepatitis B prevention and control in the country.

Research Methodology: This study conducted a review of articles related to the prevalence and risk factors of Hepatitis B between 2010 and 2023, obtained from databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Data from 9 articles were extracted and the results were reported in a narrative synthesis following the PRISMA guidelines.

Findings: This table provides a summary of the findings from 9 studies regarding the prevalence and risk factors of Hepatitis B in Afghanistan. According to these studies conducted between 2011 and 2022, the prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the general population varied between 1.9% to 6.3%. Additionally, the prevalence in injecting drug users and prisoners was reported to be 3.7%-6.5% and 4.4%, respectively. Major risk factors included contaminated injections, risky sexual behavior, and homosexuality.

Conclusion: Hidden HBV infection in HBsAg-negative individuals but HBV DNA positive poses a high risk for liver diseases and should be considered in epidemiological studies. Injecting drug users, sex workers, blood donors, and high-risk refugees require education and awareness regarding HBV prevention. Further studies are necessary to determine the precise prevalence of HBV, with a focus on prevention and control programs for injecting drug users and individuals engaging in risky sexual behaviors.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA HALAL SEBAGAI PENDORONG EKONOMI BERKELANJUTAN BERBASIS MAQASHID SYARIAH
Authors: Al Mustaqim Dede
Published: October 2023

Dalam era globalisasi dan pertumbuhan pesat industri pariwisata, strategi pengembangan pariwisata halal menjadi suatu kebutuhan mendesak dalam rangka mendorong ekonomi berkelanjutan yang berlandaskan pada prinsip-prinsip Maqashid Syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi pengembangan pariwisata halal sebagai elemen pendorong bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi berkelanjutan dengan landasan pada konsep Maqashid Syariah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pariwisata halal memiliki potensi untuk memberikan dampak positif pada perekonomian secara berkelanjutan. Pendekatan ini melibatkan komponen utama seperti makanan halal, akomodasi yang ramah terhadap kebutuhan muslim, dan interaksi sesuai dengan norma-norma agama. Hal ini menciptakan lingkungan yang sejalan dengan Maqashid Syariah, yang melibatkan perlindungan terhadap agama (Hifz al-Din), jiwa (Hifz al-Nafs), akal (Hifz al-Aql), keturunan (Hifz al-Nasl), harta (Hifz al-Mal), dan lingkungan (Hifz al-Bi’ah). Dalam konteks strategi pengembangan pariwisata halal, teridentifikasi tiga faktor penting, yaitu pengembangan infrastruktur yang mendukung prinsip-prinsip halal, promosi destinasi yang sesuai, dan penerapan prinsip crowdfunding dalam kerangka syariah. Implikasi penelitian ini mencakup kontribusi pada ekonomi berkelanjutan, dengan strategi pengembangan pariwisata halal berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip Maqashid Syariah yang dapat menciptakan peluang pekerjaan dan pendapatan baru. Selain itu, terjadi peningkatan daya tarik destinasi pariwisata bagi wisatawan muslim melalui perhatian pada makanan halal, akomodasi, dan interaksi sesuai norma agama. Perlunya pengembangan infrastruktur yang mendukung prinsip-prinsip pariwisata halal juga ditekankan, termasuk pembangunan fasilitas dan tempat ibadah yang memadai. Selain itu, penerapan prinsip crowdfunding dalam kerangka Syariah menjadi alternatif dalam mendukung pengembangan pariwisata halal.
Formation of Soviet state statistics in Altai (1917-1925)
Authors: Vladimirov Vladimir Nikolayevich , Bakulina Natal'ya Valentinovna
Published: October 2023

Statistics of the Soviet period in Altai originates from the system of statistical institutions formed before the October Revolution. These are primarily institutions of zemstvo, as well as resettlement statistics. Although Zemstvo statistics were not fully formed, they served as the basis for the creation of Soviet statistical institutions. In general, the education and activities of statistical bodies in Altai in 1917-1925 have not been studied enough. The article examines the formation of the system of state Soviet statistics in the Altai province from 1917 to the beginning of its reorganization in connection with the formation of the Siberian Territory (1925). The process of creating and reforming statistical bodies in the Altai Territory stretched for several years. During this time, much of experience has been accumulated in the practice of statistical accounting and scientific and methodological developments in the field of statistical science, statistical personnel was trained. Largely thanks to the enthusiasm of the workers, it was possible not only to protect statistical structures with their achievements from destruction, but also to build new ones that meet the needs of the emerging Soviet state. There is no doubt that the work carried out by Altai statisticians in 1917-1925 deserves the highest praise and should be the object of close study.
The problem of design as a metalanguage of the information space
Authors: Pankratova Aleksandra Vladimirovna
Published: October 2023

The object of the study is modern design as a cultural phenomenon. The subject of the study is design as a metalanguage of the modern information space – hyperreality. The relevance of the research is determined by the globalization of communication, characteristic of the modern socio–cultural situation: today communication takes place in hyperreality, which makes national languages a special case of communication - the whole world begins to communicate in a metalanguage understandable anywhere in the world, and today design becomes such a universal language. The novelty of the research is due to the very formulation of the question: until now, design has not been considered as a metalanguage of hyperreality. In addition, the study reveals the problems of modern design associated with the modern stage of its functioning in hyperreality.The purpose of the study is to show that in the conditions of globalized hyperreality, design becomes a metalanguage, a semiotic system built on top of the semiotic system, which is the modern information and communication space. The main method of research is the semiotic analysis of the design environment. The research is mainly based on the material of modern flat design, which is the most representative form of the existence of design at the present time. The main conclusions of the study: the socio-cultural environment of modern man is hyperreality. Hyperreality is a metalanguage in relation to primary reality. But hyperreality itself uses a metalanguage as the main language, this metalanguage is design. Design builds a system of images and connotations over the world of things, thus creating a metalanguage, or semiotic system of design. Modern design uses simulacra signs as the main sign form, since hyperreality in its development tends to distance itself from the primary reality, and develops its syntactic and paradigmatic structure, which is fundamentally different from the primary reality. The uniqueness of design as a metalanguage lies in the use of simulacra, signs that are fundamentally not expressive, not adapted for adequate transmission of information.
The event related potential profiling of consonants and vowels across rule learning task through auditory stimuli
Authors: Kachhawa Minal , Kumar Umesh , Patel Bhoopendra , Choudhary Ramesh Chand , Ganwani Dashrath , Dube Amitabh
Published: October 2023

The present study was aimed to investigate the hypothesis of differential use of consonants and vowels in rule learning tasks by analysing patterned Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) in response to trisyllabic auditory non-sense word stimuli in an oddball paradigm. The study included standard stimuli of ABB rule, applicable to vowels in vowel conditions and consonants in consonant conditions, and two deviant stimulus types consisting of novel phonemes. The results showed that both phoneme and rule deviants exhibited significant changes in ERP profiling in amplitude and latency compared to standard stimuli in consonant conditions and only with rule deviant in vowel conditions. These findings suggest that vowels and consonants play a fundamental role in neurolinguistics, whereas, vowels are important for understanding the rules of language, while consonants commencing the process of lexicon access. Overall, the study provides important insights into the neural dynamics underlying the differential processing of consonants and vowels.
Replication stress inducing ELF3 upregulation promotes BRCA1-deficient breast tumorigenesis in luminal progenitors
Authors: Zhou Jiadong , Zhou Xiao Albert , Hu Li , Ma Yujie , Zhan Jun , Xu Zhanzhan , Zhou Mei , Shen Qinjian , Xie Yuntao , Wang Jiadong
Published: October 2023

BRCA1 is a critical tumor suppressor, mutations in which greatly increase risks for many tumors in carriers, most notably breast cancer. Luminal progenitor cells (LPs) are the currently recognized cells origin of BRCA1-deficient breast cancers. However, the reason why LPs are prone to transform with BRCA1 deficiency has not been elucidated. Here, using single-cell sequencing of human BRCA1 mutant breast cancers and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of BRCA1-deficient normal mammary cells, we reveal that replication stress is a feature of LPs and a driving factor during BRCA1-associated tumorigenesis. Mechanistically, replication stress and BRCA1 deficiency lead to significant upregulation of ELF3 expression. ELF3 can help suppress excessive genomic instability and promote LP transformation with BRCA1 deficiency. Moreover, ELF3 emerged as a core transcription factor regulating LP genes, leading to LP expansion. Our findings suggest that replication stress is a driving factor during BRCA1-associated tumorigenesis in luminal progenitor cells and elucidates the key role of ELF3 during this process.
Dysfunctional hippocampal-prefrontal network underlies a multidimensional neuropsychiatric phenotype following early-life seizure
Authors: Ruggiero Rafael Naime , Marques Danilo Benette , Rossignoli Matheus Teixeira , De Ross Jana Batista , Prizon Tamiris , Beraldo Ikaro Jesus Silva , Bueno-Junior Lezio Soares , Kandratavicius Ludmyla , Peixoto-Santos Jose Eduardo , Lopes-Aguiar Cleiton , Leite Joao Pereira
Published: October 2023

Brain disturbances during development can have a lasting impact on neural function and behavior. Seizures during this critical period are linked to significant long-term consequences such as neurodevelopmental disorders, cognitive impairments, and psychiatric symptoms, resulting in a complex spectrum of multimorbidity. The hippocampus-prefrontal cortex (HPC-PFC) circuit emerges as a potential common link between such disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying these outcomes and how they relate to specific behavioral alterations are unclear. We hypothesized that specific dysfunctions of hippocampal-cortical communication due to early-life seizure would be associated with distinct behavioral alterations observed in adulthood. Here, we performed a multilevel study to investigate behavioral, electrophysiological, histopathological, and neurochemical long-term consequences of early-life Status epilepticus in male rats. We show that adult animals submitted to early-life seizure (ELS) present working memory impairments and sensorimotor disturbances, such as hyperlocomotion, poor sensorimotor gating, and sensitivity to psychostimulants despite not exhibiting neuronal loss. Surprisingly, cognitive deficits were linked to an aberrant increase in the HPC-PFC long-term potentiation (LTP) in a U-shaped manner, while sensorimotor alterations were associated with heightened neuroinflammation, as verified by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression, and altered dopamine neurotransmission. Furthermore, ELS rats displayed impaired HPC-PFC theta-gamma coordination and an abnormal brain state during active behavior resembling rapid eye movement (REM) sleep oscillatory dynamics. Our results point to impaired HPC-PFC functional connectivity as a possible pathophysiological mechanism by which ELS can cause cognitive deficits and psychiatric-like manifestations even without neuronal loss, bearing translational implications for understanding the spectrum of multidimensional developmental disorders linked to early-life seizures.
Phosphorylation bar-coding of free fatty acid receptor 2 is generated in a tissue-specific manner
Authors: Barki Natasja , Jenkins Laura , Marsango Sara , Dedeo Domonkos , Bolognini Daniele , Dwomoh Louis , Abdelmalik Aisha M , Nilsen Margaret , Stoffels Manon , Nagel Falko , Schulz Stefan , Tobin Andrew B , Milligan Graeme
Published: October 2023

Free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) is activated by short-chain fatty acids and expressed widely, including in white adipocytes and various immune and enteroendocrine cells. Using both wild-type human FFAR2 and a designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drug (DREADD) variant we explored the activation and phosphorylation profile of the receptor, both in heterologous cell lines and in tissues from transgenic knock-in mouse lines expressing either human FFAR2 or the FFAR2-DREADD. FFAR2 phospho-site-specific antisera targeting either pSer296/pSer297 or pThr306/pThr310 provided sensitive biomarkers of both constitutive and agonist-mediated phosphorylation as well as an effective means to visualise agonist-activated receptors in situ. In white adipose tissue, phosphorylation of residues Ser296/Ser297 was enhanced upon agonist activation whilst Thr306/Thr310 did not become phosphorylated. By contrast, in immune cells from Peyer’s patches Thr306/Thr310 become phosphorylated in a strictly agonist-dependent fashion whilst in enteroendocrine cells of the colon both Ser296/Ser297 and Thr306/Thr310 were poorly phosphorylated. The concept of phosphorylation bar-coding has centred to date on the potential for different agonists to promote distinct receptor phosphorylation patterns. Here, we demonstrate that this occurs for the same agonist-receptor pairing in different patho-physiologically relevant target tissues. This may underpin why a single G protein-coupled receptor can generate different functional outcomes in a tissue-specific manner.
Online verification and management scheme of gateway meter flow in the power system by machine learning
Authors: Li Chong , Wang Hao , Shen Hongtao , Yang Peng , Wang Yi , Li Qian , Li Chuan , Li Bing , Guo Rongkun , Wang Ruiming
Published: October 2023

Currently, the calibration of electric energy meters often involves manual meter reading, dismantling inspection, or regular sampling inspection conducted by professionals. To improve work efficiency and verification accuracy, this research integrates machine learning into the scheme of online verification and management of gateway meter flow in the power system. The approach begins by applying the Faster Region Convolutional Neural Network (Faster-RCNN) model and the Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD) model to the recognition system for dial readings. Then, the collected measurement data is pre-processed, excluding data collected under light load conditions. Next, an estimation error model and a solution equation for the electricity meter are established based on the pre-processed data. The operation error of the electricity meter is estimated, and the estimation accuracy is verified using the limited memory recursive least squares algorithm (LMRLSA). Furthermore, business assistant decision-making is carried out by combining the remote verification results with the estimation outcomes. The proposed dial reading recognition system is tested using 528 images of meter readings, achieving an accuracy of 98.49%. In addition, the influence of various parameters on the error results of the electricity meter is also explored. The results demonstrate that a memory length ranging from 600 to 1,200 and a line loss error of less than 5% yield the most suitable accuracy for estimating the electricity meter error. Meanwhile, it is advisable to remove measurement data collected under light load to avoid unnecessary checks. The experiments manifest that the proposed algorithm can properly eliminate the influence of old measurement data on the error parameter estimation, thereby enhancing the accuracy of the estimation. The adjustment of the memory length ensures real-time performance in estimating meter errors and enables online monitoring. This research has certain reference significance for achieving the online verification and management of gateway meter flow in the power system.
The application of advanced computational algorithms used for cooperative communication transmission of vehicular networks: a proposed method
Authors: Cui Xinyu , Chen Guifen
Published: October 2023

Telematics will be one of the critical technologies in the future intelligent transportation system and establish communication between vehicles and vehicles, vehicles and networks, and vehicles and people. Thus, vehicles can sense mobile environments and make rational driving decisions. Therefore, the safety and efficiency of traffic flow would be enhanced. However, due to the unknown nature and higher complexity of the connected network environments of vehicles, the utilization of conventional optimization theory fails to generate satisfying results. To address the problem, this article proposes a methodology for collaborative transmission for communication regarding the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) with the help of advanced computational algorithms. The article employs a multi-intelligence advanced computational algorithm to construct a collaborative communication transmission mechanism in the telematics communication system model. The proposed algorithm fully considers the vehicle mobility and quality-of-service (QoS) of telematics services within the network slice. It adjusts the slice’s radio resource allocation and parameter settings on an expanded time scale to improve the QoS of telematics services and increase the system’s long-term revenue. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has a more significant performance improvement than conventional algorithms using telematics information transmission. For example, when the same load conditions are under consideration, the total capacity of the vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) link optimized by the proposed algorithm is still higher than that of the other three baseline strategies.
Machine learning: a powerful tool for identifying key microbial agents associated with specific cancer types
Authors: Feng Jia , Yang Kailan , Liu Xuexue , Song Min , Zhan Ping , Zhang Mi , Chen Jinsong , Liu Jinbo
Published: October 2023

Machine learning (ML) includes a broad class of computer programs that improve with experience and shows unique strengths in performing tasks such as clustering, classification and regression. Over the past decade, microbial communities have been implicated in influencing the onset, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic response of multiple cancers. Host-microbe interaction may be a physiological pathway contributing to cancer development. With the accumulation of a large number of high-throughput data, ML has been successfully applied to the study of human cancer microbiomics in an attempt to reveal the complex mechanism behind cancer. In this review, we begin with a brief overview of the data sources included in cancer microbiomics studies. Then, the characteristics of the ML algorithm are briefly introduced. Secondly, the application progress of ML in cancer microbiomics is also reviewed. Finally, we highlight the challenges and future prospects facing ML in cancer microbiomics. On this basis, we conclude that the development of cancer microbiomics can not be achieved without ML, and that ML can be used to develop tumor-targeting microbial therapies, ultimately contributing to personalized and precision medicine.
De-novo whole genome assembly of the orange jewelweed, Impatiens capensis Meerb. (Balsaminaceae) using nanopore long-read sequencing
Authors: Gadagkar Sudhindra R. , Baeza J. Antonio , Buss Kristina , Johnson Nate
Published: October 2023

The plant family Balsaminaceae comprises only two genera, and they are a study in contrasts. While Impatiens is an impressively prolific genus, with over 1,000 species and more being discovered each year, its sister genus, Hydrocera, has one solitary species, H. triflora. The two genera also differ in geographic distribution and habitat type (Impatiens species are widely distributed in much of the Old World and N. America, while H. triflora is confined to wetlands specific to S. India, Sri Lanka, and SE Asia). Other contrasting features include plant habit, habitat, floral architecture, mode of seed dispersal, and a host of other traits. The family Balsaminaceae is therefore an excellent model for studying speciation and character evolution as well as understanding the proximal and evolutionary forces that have driven the two genera to adopt such contrasting evolutionary paths. Various species of the Impatiens genus are also commercially important in the ornamental flower industry and as sources of phytochemicals that are of medicinal and other commercial value. As a preliminary step towards studying the genomic basis of the contrasting features of the two genera, we have sequenced and assembled, de novo, the genome of an iconic Impatiens species from N. America, namely I. capensis, and report our findings here.
USP7 reduces the level of nuclear DICER, impairing DNA damage response and promoting cancer progression
Authors: Liu Xiaojia , Lu Runhui , Yang Qianqian , He Jianfeng , Huang Caihu , Cao Yingting , Zhou Zihan , Huang Jiayi , Li Lian , Chen Ran , Wang Yanli , Huang Jian , Xie Ruiyu , Zhao Xian , Yu Jianxiu
Published: October 2023

Endoribonuclease DICER is an RNase III enzyme that mainly processes microRNAs in the cytoplasm but also participates in nuclear functions such as chromatin remodelling, epigenetic modification and DNA damage repair. The expression of nuclear DICER is low in most human cancers, suggesting a tight regulation mechanism that is not well understood. Here, we found that ubiquitin carboxyl‐terminal hydrolase 7 (USP7), a deubiquitinase, bounded to DICER and reduced its nuclear protein level by promoting its ubiquitination and degradation through MDM2, a newly identified E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase for DICER. This USP7‐MDM2‐DICER axis impaired histone γ‐H2AX signalling and the recruitment of DNA damage response (DDR) factors, possibly by influencing the processing of small DDR noncoding RNAs. We also showed that this negative regulation of DICER by USP7 via MDM2 was relevant to human tumours using cellular and clinical data. Our findings revealed a new way to understand the role of DICER in malignant tumour development and may offer new insights into the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cancers.
Brain‐Inspired Organic Electronics: Merging Neuromorphic Computing and Bioelectronics Using Conductive Polymers
Authors: Krauhausen Imke , Coen Charles‐Théophile , Spolaor Simone , Gkoupidenis Paschalis , van de Burgt Yoeri
Published: October 2023

Neuromorphic computing offers the opportunity to curtail the huge energy demands of modern artificial intelligence (AI) applications by implementing computations into new, brain‐inspired computing architectures. However, the lack of fabrication processes able to integrate several computing units into monolithic systems and the need for new, hardware‐tailored training algorithms still limit the scope of application and performance of neuromorphic hardware. Recent advancements in the field of organic transistors present new opportunities for neuromorphic systems and smart sensing applications, thanks to their unique properties such as neuromorphic behavior, low‐voltage operation, and mixed ionic‐electronic conductivity. Organic neuromorphic transistors push the boundaries of energy efficient brain‐inspired hardware AI, facilitating decentralized on‐chip learning and serving as a foundation for the advancement of closed‐loop intelligent systems in the next generation. The biocompatibility and dual ionic‐electronic conductivity of organic materials introduce new prospects for biointegration and bioelectronics. Their ability to sense and regulate biosystems, as well as their neuro‐inspired functions can be combined with neuromorphic computing to create the next‐generation of bioelectronics. These systems will be able to seamlessly interact with biological systems and locally compute biosignals in a relevant matter.
Structure, Function, and Application of Self‐Healing Adhesives from Mistletoe Viscin
Authors: George Stephen D. , Andraos Elias , Priemel Tobias , Horbelt Nils , Keiser Griffin , Kumar Ambrish , Heiss Christian , Gierlinger Notburga , Azadi Parastoo , Harrington Matthew J.
Published: October 2023

Berries from the European Mistletoe (Viscum album) possess a sticky tissue called viscin that facilitates adhesion and germination onto host trees. Recent studies of viscin have demonstrated its adhesive capacity on a range of natural and synthetic surfaces including wood, skin, metals, and plastic. Yet, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, an investigation of the adhesive performance of mistletoe viscin is performed, demonstrating its hygroscopic nature and ability to self‐heal following adhesive failure. It is identified that adhesion originates from a water‐soluble adhesive component that can be extracted, isolated, and characterized independently. Lap shear mechanical testing indicates that the mistletoe adhesive extract (MAE) outperforms native viscin tissue, as well as gum arabic and arabinogalactan—common plant‐based adhesives. Furthermore, humidity uptake experiments reveal that MAE can reversibly absorb nearly 100% of its mass in water from the atmosphere. In‐depth spectroscopic and mass spectrometry investigations reveal a composition consisting primarily of an atypical arabinogalactan, with additional sugar alcohols. Finally, several proof‐of‐concept applications are demonstrated using MAE for hygro‐responsive reversible adhesion between various surfaces including skin, plastic, PDMS, and paper, revealing that MAE holds potential as a biorenewable and reusable adhesive for applications in cosmetics, packaging, and potentially, tissue engineering.
Plugging the Leak of Nanoparticles by Interfacial Polymer Adsorption Enables an Efficient Protein and Peptide Encapsulation
Authors: Huo Qingqing , Gao Yue , Wu Wenbo , Hu Shuai , Dong Enpeng , Zhang Yiyang , Tian Yuling , Huang Yang , Quan Peng , Liu Dongfei
Published: October 2023

Encapsulation is a promising technology to enhance the pharmacokinetic properties of proteins and peptides, particularly addressing their short half‐life. Despite its potential, this method has limitations, such as low encapsulation efficiency, a minimal mass fraction of therapeutic agents, and the potential loss of biological activity. In this study, the pivotal role of amphiphilic polymers in achieving efficient protein and peptide encapsulation is delved into. It is found that these polymers not only improve the solvation of cargo nanoparticles but also form a robust 3D polymer layer at the oil/water interface. This interfacial polymer barrier effectively minimizes the escape of proteins and peptides during the encapsulation process, achieving an impressive encapsulation efficiency of up to 99.8% for agents. Remarkably, the mass fraction of these therapeutic agents in the resultant microparticles exceed 59.9 wt.%. The microparticles prolonged payload release for 30 days both in vitro and in vivo, leading to heightened therapeutic efficacy in type 2 diabetic rats. Furthermore, the required amount of polymer for administration is reduced by a factor of 47.5, substantially mitigating inflammatory response at the injection site. In conclusion, the findings highlight the transformative potential of using interfacial polymer accumulation to encapsulate proteins and peptides.
Advancements in Microwave Absorption Motivated by Interdisciplinary Research
Authors: Zhao Zehao , Qing Yuchang , Kong Luo , Xu Hailong , Fan Xiaomeng , Yun Jijun , Zhang Limin , Wu Hongjing
Published: October 2023

Microwave absorption materials (MAMs) are originally developed for military purposes, but have since evolved into versatile materials with promising applications in modern technologies, including household use. Despite significant progress in bench‐side research over the past decade, MAMs remain limited in their scope and have yet to be widely adopted. This review explores the history of MAMs from first‐generation coatings to second‐generation functional absorbers, identifies bottlenecks hindering their maturation. It also presents potential solutions such as exploring broader spatial scales, advanced characterization, introducing liquid media, utilizing novel toolbox (machine learning, ML), and proximity of lab to end‐user. Additionally, it meticulously presents compelling applications of MAMs in medicine, mechanics, energy, optics, and sensing, which go beyond absorption efficiency, along with their current development status and prospects. This interdisciplinary research direction differs from previous research which primarily focused on meeting traditional requirements (i.e., thin, lightweight, wide, and strong), and can be defined as the next generation of smart absorbers. Ultimately, the effective utilization of ubiquitous electromagnetic (EM) waves, aided by third‐generation MAMs, should be better aligned with future expectations.