bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulation of the London Protocol and CCS Technology: A Legal Framework Analysis of Australia, Indonesia and RoK
Authors:   Wonkwang University Legal Research Institute has, Jang Hyewon
Published: February 2025

This paper provides a comparative analysis of the legal frameworks of South Korea, Australia and Indonesia, focusing on the legal regulation of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology under the London Protocol. As CCS emerges as a key technology for responding to climate change, it is influenced by the international regulatory system of the London Protocol to harmonize with marine environmental protection. Each country is incorporating the requirements of the London Protocol into their domestic laws to simultaneously pursue the adoption of CCS technology and the prevention of marine pollution.
Australia is strengthening its legal system by amending the Sea Dumping Act to allow the offshore geological storage and export of carbon dioxide. Indonesia has established a legal framework for CCS technology through presidential regulations and Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources regulations, allowing for the storage of imported carbon dioxide for the first time in Asia.
South Korea has enacted the CCUS Integrated Act, establishing a comprehensive legal framework for the capture, transportation, storage, and utilization of carbon dioxide. However, detailed regulations for the domestic implementation of the London Protocol are still lacking. In particular, additional considerations are needed for the composition standards of carbon dioxide streams, monitoring and reporting procedures for offshore geological storage, and resolving legal barriers regarding the export of carbon dioxide for CCS purposes.
Through this study, by comparing the legal frameworks of each country, we suggest areas where South Korea's CCUS Integrated Act needs to be supplemented to fulfill international obligations and achieve carbon neutrality goals. This would enable South Korea to simultaneously achieve the commercialization of CCS technology and marine environmental protection, playing a leading role in the international community's response to climate change.
Cognitive Challenges in Human-AI Collaboration: A Study on Trust, Errors, and Heuristics in Clinical Decision-Making
Authors:   , Rosenbacke Rikard
Published: February 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) have the potential to transform healthcare. Applications are far-reaching, from diagnosing and detecting disease through to implementing treatments and surgeries. Yet curiously, while AI is now being integrated into diverse economic sectors like finance, retail, and automotive, healthcare institutions have been slow to adopt AI. The reasons for this slow uptake are multiple but relate to low trust in AI among clinicians and a conflict with the prevailing culture of evidence-based medicine, whereby physicians critically engage in diagnostic discourse to reach clinical decisions. There is a growing shift toward explainable AI (XAI) systems that promise to transform the opaque "black-box" into a more interpretable
"glass-box."
This thesis aims to develop and test a framework for understanding how clinicians collaborate with AI and XAI. In so doing, I aim to move beyond common characterizations of “AI aversion” or “AI appreciation,” which have been used to describe when clinicians engage with AI or not, to understand the cognitive underpinnings of clinicians' engagement with AI. I further seek to understand when AI collaboration is effective, leading to more accurate medical decisions or worsening performance, leading to more or new errors. To do so, I perform a mixed-methods study of clinician-AI collaboration dynamics, with a focus on trust, errors, and heuristics.
The influence of climatic conditions of the high-altitude zone on the content of solids and starch in potato varieties and promising hybrids
Authors:   Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of the Republic of Dagestan, Serderov Valerik K. , Serderova Dinara V. ,   Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of the Republic of Dagestan
Published: February 2025

The productivity of potato varieties and hybrids in the highlands of the
Republic of Dagestan was studied, with the allocation of varieties with a high content
of solids and starch. It was found that growing potatoes in high-altitude conditions contributes to an increase in dry matter in tubers by 3–6%, and starch by 3–4 %.
Evaluation of collectible varieties of soybeans of the early ripening group according to economically valuable characteristics
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Sorokin Stanislav A. , Konyushkov Andrey I. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Minkach Tatyana V. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

As a result of the conducted research, varietals were identified by
plant height: LS-4, Bilyavka, Unicon, SVH C1, Sculptor, Alpetro; by the height of
attachment of the lower bean: Bilyavka, SVH C1, Anastasia, En Argenta, Sculptor,
Annushka, LS-4, Aurora, Alta; by weight of 1,000 seeds: Heihe-44, SVH C1, Sculptor, LS-4, Topaz. The results obtained serve as a starting material for the breeding
of new soybean varieties.
Evaluation of buckwheat varieties by the content of β-carotene in cultivation in the southern zone of the Amur region
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Timoshenko Elvira V. , Zakharova Elena V. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

The article presents the results of studies conducted in the southern
zone of the Amur region to assess the content of β-carotene in the green mass,
dry matter and grain of three varieties of buckwheat. Studies have shown that the
grade Devyatka is the most valuable in terms of the content of β-carotene. The maximum content of β-carotene was established in the early maturation phase; it
was 107.06 mg/kg.
The effect of the use of magnesium fertilizers on the yield and quality indicators of the spring wheat variety DalGAU 3
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Fokin Sergey A. , Kurkova Irina V. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Lipin Andrey Yu. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Basargina Lyudmila S. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

The article presents the results of studies of the effect of magnesium
fertilizers on the yield and quality indicators of spring wheat of the DalGAU 3 variety.
On average, over two years, the maximum yield increase in comparison with the control without fertilizers was obtained according to the background + "AgroMag Granulated" (60 kg/ha) variant, which amounted to 13.5 c/ha. The background + "AgroMag Granulated" (30 kg/ha) variant, had a positive effect on the natural grain weight and the mass of 1,000 grains.
Theratic plant forms – visual analysis
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Tsatsenko Lyudmila V. , Usova Anna I. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin
Published: February 2025

Approaches to work with the collection of visual images of theratic
plant forms are presented. The stages of visual resource creation, methodology and
conditions of its further functioning are discussed. The results of creating a visual
collection on the example of a drawing are presented.
Problems of teaching philosophical disciplines for non-humanitarian areas of study at the university
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Kodola Irina V.
Published: February 2025

The article summarizes the experience of teaching philosophy and
philosophy of technology for non-humanitarian areas of training at the university
with justification of the importance of philosophy for future professional activity.
The author focuses on the importance of considering issues of the essence of technology, value orientations of engineering activity, and the crisis of modern technogenic civilization for future engineers in seminar classes.
Key phytonymic images in the lyrics of the Amur writer V. G. Letsik
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Filitova Olga N.
Published: February 2025

The article examines phytonymic images in V. G. Letsik's lyrics of
different years. A linguistic and literary analysis of the images of flowers and fruits
in the writer's poems is carried out, since these two images are key to understanding
the poetic world of Letsik.
The use of active teaching methods in the development of financial literacy by university students
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Migal Natalia A.
Published: February 2025

The article shows that financial literacy develops an economic way
of thinking among university students, develops the experience of using the acquired
stock of knowledge and skills. The use of case technologies and active teaching
methods in teaching financial literacy is shown.
Features of teaching the disciplines "Statistics" and "Econometrics" in the context of digitalization using information and communication technologies and software
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Pastushenko Svetlana B.
Published: February 2025

The main trends in modern society are the digitalization of the economy and other aspects of public life, which requires appropriate changes in the content of training within the framework of the formation of digital competencies of
students. The article discusses the features of teaching the disciplines "Statistics"
and "Econometrics" to students of economic fields based on the use of information
and communication technologies and software in the context of digitalization.
Comparative characteristics of meat qualities of purebred and crossbred bulls
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Litvinenko Natalya V. , Plavinsky Stanislav Yu. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

The article presents the results of a comparative assessment of the
meat productivity of purebred Hereford bulls and crossbreeds of Hereford and Simmental breeds. A comparative characteristic of the data on the meat productivity of bulls of two groups of animals is made. It was revealed that the absolute increase in
live weight during the growing period in crossbred bulls was 6.0% higher than in
purebred ones.
It's Not the Notes That Make it Jazz: Why Structure is Important in Jazz, the Natural Sciences, and Q Methodology
Authors: Ramlo Susan
Published: February 2025

Our world is full of algorithms that operate within social media, face identification, et cetera. Is the algorithm the secret to uncovering meaning and understanding within Q methodology or are algorithms also full of subjectivity? Stephenson predicted the problems others would have with Q methodology. Steven Brown suggested that one must get “a feeling for the organism” during interpretation, yet some Q researchers seem to seek formulaic approaches to their Q studies, sans a sense of feeling for the subjectivities uncovered. In this way, these formulaic researchers seek a set of algorithms to perform Q studies much like novice physics students often approach problem solving. However, as a famous jazz bassist stated, “It’s not the notes that makes it jazz … it’s not music without structure.” This assertion was the impetus for addressing how Q, jazz music, and natural science use structure to frame exploration, interaction, and inquiry. Thus, the various structures within the stages of any Q study can help frame any study but in a way that is always new and inclusive while embracing inquiry and exploration.
Content Validation in Q Methodology: A Roadmap to Developing Transparent Data-Collection Tools Base on a Multi-Region Pilot Process
Authors: Tancredi Maria , Ray Melissa , Thompson Jennifer
Published: February 2025

In the last two decades, the use of Q methodology has expanded across disciplines, raising new debates around its theoretical and practical principles. While qualitative researchers have stressed the importance of pilot studies to ensure the content validity and rigor of data collection tools, many Q methodology studies do not mention whether and how this work is accomplished. Questions and comments on this topic are also recurrently raised on the Q methodology Network listserv, demonstrating an interest within the research community. Drawing on lessons learned in developing a data collection tool for a multi-region study using Q methodology in the context of U.S. agriculture, we demonstrate how a thorough and clear pilot study can strengthen both the quality and transparency of the research process. Furthermore, our work provides a roadmap for piloting and validating data collection tools and procedures that, applied within the framework of Q methodology, improves the rigor of the research more generally.
Short-Term Metformin Protects Against Glucocorticoid-Induced Toxicity in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Thierry Susanne , Peterson Caspar Joyce , Pfammatter Stéphanie , Tardio Patricia Arroyo , Meier Christian , Delko Tarik , Iten Vasco , Zuern Christine S. , Kühne Michael , Epstein Michael , Othman Alaa , Zamboni Nicola , Reinisch Isabel , Ghosh Adhideb , Wolfrum Christian , Seelig Eleonora
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are potent anti-inflammatory drugs, but strategies to prevent side effects are lacking. We investigated whether metformin could prevent GC-related toxicity and explored the underlying mechanisms.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial compared metformin with placebo during high-dose GC treatment in 18 lean, healthy, male study participants. The trial was conducted at the University Hospital Basel, Switzerland. Participants received prednisone 30 mg/d in combination with metformin or placebo for two 7-day periods (1:1 randomization). The primary outcome, change in insulin sensitivity, was assessed using a two-sided paired t test. Before and after each study period, we conducted a mixed-meal tolerance test, blood metabolomics, and RNA sequencing of subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsy specimens.

RESULTS

Metformin improved insulin sensitivity as assessed by the Matsuda index (n = 17; mean change: −2.73 ± 3.55 SD for placebo, 2.21 ± 3.95 for metformin; mean difference of change −4.94 [95% CI, −7.24, −2.65)]; P < 0.001). Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that metformin altered fatty acid flux in the blood and downregulated genes involved in fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue. Metformin reduced markers of protein breakdown and bone resorption. Furthermore, metformin downregulated genes responsible for AMPK inhibition and affected GLP1 and bile acid metabolism.

CONCLUSIONS

Metformin prevents GC-induced insulin resistance and reduces markers of dyslipidemia, myopathy, and, possibly, bone resorption through AMPK-dependent and -independent pathways.
Cardiac CT reveals high prevalence of coronary artery disease in esophageal cancer eligible for radiotherapy
Authors: Takada Akinori , Nakamura Satoshi , Toyomasu Yutaka , Mase Takamitsu , Kawamura Tomoko , Araki Suguru , Suzuki Yoshitaka , Ohi Masaki , Sakuma Hajime , Nomoto Yoshihito , Kitagawa Kakuya
Published: February 2025

Background: Assessment of cardiac disease before cancer therapy is crucial, as advancements in cancer treatment have led to prolonged survival and an increase in cardiovascular complications. Specifically, esophageal cancer and heart disease share common risk factors, such as smoking and obesity. Radiation therapy (RT) for esophageal cancer is associated with elevated cardiac radiation exposure. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with esophageal cancer who were eligible for RT.
Methods: We examined the prevalence of coronary artery stenosis, abnormal myocardial perfusion, and late enhancement using pre-RT cardiac computed tomography (CT) data of 41 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer who were referred for RT between January 2017 and June 2023 and had no history of ischemic heart disease.
Results: The median age of the 41 patients was 71 years, with 40 patients being male. Cardiac CT identified significant coronary stenosis (≥50% luminal narrowing) in 18 patients (44%), among whom 9 (50%) had severe stenosis, multivessel disease, or myocardial ischemia. Significant stenosis was most frequently observed in the left anterior descending artery (16/18). Late enhancement, indicating myocardial infarction, was observed in seven patients (17%).
Interpretation: Patients with esophageal cancer without a history of ischemic heart disease had a high prevalence (44%) of CAD, with half of them having severe stenosis, multivessel disease, or myocardial ischemia. Given the high prevalence of coronary stenosis, pre-treatment cardiac evaluation is crucial for patients with esophageal cancer. Incorporating cardiac CT findings into radiotherapy planning is recommended to optimize patient care.
Why do researchers decline reviewer invitations? Response to the editorial ‘The Peer Review Process: Growing Problem in Recruiting Qualified Reviewers’
Authors: Hadler-Olsen Elin
Published: February 2025

N/A
ABORDAGENS TEÓRICAS SOBRE A CIDADE: ROBERT ERZA PARK E HENRI LEFEBVRE EM DEBATE
Authors: Ferreira Diogo da Cruz , Oliveira Aline de Jesus
Published: February 2025

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as principais categorias elaboradas por Robert Erza Park e Henri Lefbvre sobre a cidade e o urbano, duas perspectivas que nos fornecem ferramentas teórico-metodológicas para compreendermos e pesquisarmos o fenômeno urbano. A partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, de um lado, retornamos as produções de Robert Erza Park, que pertence a primeira geração da Escola de Chicago; por outro, analisamos os trabalhos de Henri Lefebvre, filósofo francês, da tradição marxista. Inicialmente, apresentamos o debate sobre a abordagem ecológica da cidade na perspectiva de Park e suas principais categorias de análise da formação e constituição do que o autor chamou de comunidade urbana. Depois, buscamos tecer interlocuções com os trabalhos de Lefebvre, do debate realizado por ele sobre a cidade a partir do processo de produção do capital e seus efeitos sobre a cidade. Observou-se que ambas as abordagens tem como ponto comum a busca do entendimento de como funciona a cidade e do papel dos homens, por meio de suas relações sociais, que constroem cotidianamente o modo de vida urbano. Entretanto, Park parte do ponto de vista da ecologia e Lefebvre do papel do processo de produção capitalista. Por fim, a retormada deste debate nos possibilita compreender as transformações sociais, espaciais, econômicas e morais da cidade a partir de duas perspectivas.
COTIDIANO POLICIAL, ESTRATÉGIAS E PRÁTICAS DE ASSISTÊNCIA RELIGIOSA EM ORGANIZAÇÕES POLICIAIS DO BRASIL
Authors: Santos Moisés Israel Silva dos , Januário Jatniel Rodrigues , Santos Ailton Luiz dos , Cavalcante Flávio Carvalho , Santos Bercley Sousa , Lima José Alcides Queiroz , Assem Glória Rebouço
Published: February 2025

Na relação entre as peculiaridades do cotidiano policial e os riscos psicossociais associados ao ambiente de trabalho das organizações policiais no Brasil, a assistência religiosa tem sido desenvolvida como possibilidade de apoio para mitigar esses riscos e seus danos. Este artigo analisa as estratégias e práticas de assistência religiosa como uma possibilidade de apoio na redução dos efeitos psicossociais nos integrantes, em face das violências vivenciadas na rotina policial. Como percurso metodológico, utilizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica, a partir da abordagem teórica da sociologia do trabalho, mobilizando-se também os conceitos de peculiaridades do cotidiano policial, saúde mental, sacralidade e espiritualidade. Realizou-se pesquisa documental para coleta de dados que, analisados, permitiram identificar estratégias e boas práticas de assistência religiosa, institucionalizadas e não institucionalizadas, nos órgãos de segurança pública do país e, particularmente, no Amazonas. Considerando o quadro sensível e crítico da rotina policial, pode-se dizer que essas estratégias e práticas têm se mostrado relevantes no cuidado espiritual ao propiciar um ambiente de atenção, acolhimento e cuidado, com vistas à melhoria da saúde mental e uma forma de mitigar riscos e danos ao ser biopsicossocial. É necessária sua institucionalização pela Administração e sugere-se o aprofundamento do debate por várias perspectivas a partir de outros estudos específicos.
Relações entre produtividade, satisfação no trabalho, equilíbrio entre vida pessoal-profissional e estresse no home office
Authors: Cardoso Alessandra Nassar , Fernandes Bruno Henrique Rocha , Sousa Paulo Renato , Cruz Marina de Almeida
Published: February 2025

O estudo teve por objetivo investigar a produtividade de profissionais que trabalharam remotamente durante a pandemia do COVID-19 e sua relação com a satisfação, equilíbrio entre vida pessoal-profissional e estresse desses funcionários. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário estruturado enviado para 241 colaboradores de quatro países da América do Sul. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de técnicas estatísticas de modelagem de equações estruturais e análise fatorial confirmatória. Os resultados da pesquisa permitiram concluir que há uma relação positiva entre a produtividade e a satisfação no home office, e que a produtividade não causou estresse ao trabalhar remotamente na amostra investigada. No entanto, as hipóteses sobre a relação positiva entre o equilíbrio entre vida pessoal-profissional e satisfação no home office foram refutadas, e não houve associações significativas que demonstrassem que este equilíbrio mediaria o efeito entre produtividade e satisfação no home office. Mais estudos são necessários para entender melhor o gerenciamento de tarefas, resolução de problemas e tomada de decisão no home office, bem como a relação entre o equilíbrio entre vida pessoal-profissional e o estresse com a produtividade e satisfação no home office.
Desafios e possibilidades do teletrabalho para gestores de Recursos Humanos em tempos da pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Sombra Mayame de Lima , Oliveira Hilderline Câmara de
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer os desafios e possibilidades do teletrabalho durante a pandemia da Covid-19 para gestores de recursos humanos que atuam em Manaus-AM. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa, cuja estratégia metodológica foi o estudo de caso. Para coleta de dados realizou-se entrevistas semiestruturadas, e o tratamento e compreensão dos dados se deu com base na análise de conteúdo. Como resultados, destaca-se a transformação laboral catalisada pela pandemia da Covid-19 e a aceitação das empresas em avaliar o teletrabalho como modalidade definitiva e produtiva.
Engajamento e cidadania organizacional: um estudo de caso com servidores de um setor do Ministério Público Federal
Authors: Campos Camila Alves , Silveira Flávia Furtado Rainha
Published: February 2025

O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi analisar a correlação existente entre Engajamento e Cidadania Organizacional em cinco setores do Ministério Público Federal (MPF). O conceito de Cidadania Organizacional se refere aos atos espontâneos oferecidos pelos empregados à organização. Engajamento refere-se ao estado de espírito positivo, gratificante e persistente relacionado ao trabalho. Por esse modo, realizou-se pesquisa com abordagem quantitativa cuja metodologia é aplicada, descritiva, de campo e estudo de caso. O instrumento de pesquisa foi a Escala de Engajamento no Trabalho de Utrecht (UWES-9) e a Escala de Comportamento de Cidadania Organizacional (ECCO). O estudo contou com uma amostra de 31 participantes, em uma população de 53 servidores públicos. A análise dos dados foi feita através de estatística descritiva e por meio do cálculo do coeficiente de Correlação de Spearman. Os resultados indicaram que os fatores de Engajamento e Cidadania Organizacional apresentaram correlações moderadas e baixas, destacando-se vigor e divulgação da imagem organizacional. Conclui-se que quanto mais Engajamento no trabalho pelos servidores públicos, mais ações de Cidadania Organizacional podem ser oferecidas por eles espontaneamente. Assim, é importante que as organizações públicas invistam em políticas de Gestão de Pessoas que promovam o Engajamento para que se incremente indicadores relacionados à Cidadania Organizacional.
An Analysis And Forecasting The Foodstuffs Prices In Surabaya Traditional Market Using LSTM
Authors: Ericko Teddy , Lauro Manatap Dolok , Winata Andry , Handhayani Teny
Published: February 2025

Food is one of the essential things in society. Foodstuffs prices are important factors in the stability economy. In Indonesian society, some foodstuffs, e.g., rice, beef, chicken egg, cooking oil, and sugar are the main ingredients in their cuisine. Analyzing and predicting the foodstuffs price is interesting job. This research is conducted to develop models for forecasting the price of rice, beef, chicken egg, cooking oil, and sugar. It implements the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model and a daily time-series dataset from a traditional market in Surabaya. Surabaya is the capital city of East Java province, and it is one of the densest cities in Indonesia. The experiments run univariate time-series forecasting. The experimental results show that LSTM works well to forecast the price of rice, beef, chicken egg, cooking oil, and sugar. The evaluation results obtain MAPE scores as 0.12%, 0.03%, 0.72%, 0.36%, and 0.08% for models of rice, beef, chicken egg, cooking oil, and sugar, respectively. The annual average price of beef, chicken egg, and cooking oil show an increasing trend and those foodstuffs have positive correlations with each other.
Sentiment Analysis on Hate Speech Post 2024 Election for Elected President Using a Hybrid Model Machine Learning
Authors: Handaya Ken Ken , Wahyu Sawali
Published: February 2025

One of the important events in the democratic life of a country is the general election. In addition, the possibility of hate speech appearing on social media increases as political tensions increase. This hate speech can take the form of negative comments, insults, or even threats against the elected president. This research uses the content of tweets as a data source to analyze public opinion and sentiment towards the elected president. This research aims to analyze sentiment towards hate speech held by twitter users towards the elected president after the 2024 election by building a hybrid model using 3 algorithms, namely k-nearest neighbors, long short-term memory and naive bayes. The results of tests carried out with 12,000 tweet data that show the naive bayes method classification results have an accuracy of 72%, the long short-term memory classification results show an accuracy of 78%, the k-nearest neighbors method accuracy value is 83%, and the hybrid model accuracy value is 78%. Considering the accuracy values of the three algorithm method, by using a hybrid model we can increase the accuracy by combining the three algorithm models. from previously having the lowest accuracy of 72%, by using a hybrid model we can increase the accuracy to 78%.
"The utter nightmare of us students"
Authors: Pole Rachel
Published: February 2025

Reading challenging literary texts often results in feelings of confusion, frustration, and alienation in students. The dynamics between students, instructors, and difficult literary texts are both challenging to understand and of great importance because of how such engagements can enhance cognitive and emotional growth. By analyzing a student-created podcast which aims to demystify complex works such as those by Shakespeare, this paper examines the strategies employed by the students–creators to overcome challenges presented by text. It uses a combination of video recordings, transcripts, and interviews to investigate what the students found meaningful as they reinterpreted their reading experiences for the creation of the podcast episode. By focusing on not just the product of the student podcast, but also the process in the form of the experiences, strategies, and appeals they relied on and deployed, this paper attempts to contribute to an understanding of these complex dynamics.
Specifics of liability for financial criminal offenses in the field of official activities
Authors: Shapoval T. B.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to determining the specifics of liability for financial criminal offenses in the sphere of official activity, which, accordingly, are committed by a special subject - an official. Financial security, which is encroached upon by criminal offenses in the sphere of financial activity, in particular those committed by officials, is a component of economic security and national security in general, which determines the relevance of this study. The purpose of this study was to determine the specifics of liability for financial criminal offenses in accordance with the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The study proposed a refined concept of a financial criminal offense. It was established that in the case of committing financial criminal offenses in the sphere of official activity, several objects are encroached upon: the procedure for carrying out financial and legal activities; the procedure for ensuring the proper functioning of the state apparatus and the apparatus of local self-government bodies, associations of citizens, enterprises, institutions and organizations, normal official activities; the authority of state authorities; financial security as a component of national security. Often, the criminal offenses under investigation are related to corruption. The above substantiates our opinion that the punishment for financial criminal offenses should be more severe: not only a fine and deprivation of the right to engage in certain types of activity, as well as compensation for the losses caused, but also imprisonment for a certain period of time depending on the amount of financial damage caused. Therefore, the specificity of liability for financial criminal offenses is that it is exclusively criminal-legal in its possible manifestations, and not financial-legal in relation to administrative financial offenses.
This study opens up prospects for further research in this area, which, in turn, will contribute to the improvement of national legislation on bringing officials to criminal liability for financial criminal offenses.
Main directions of legal support of the educational process in the system of training of reserve officers
Authors: Yarema V. V.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the definition of the main directions of legal support of the educational process in the system of training of reserve officers.
The role of national and patriotic education in the training of military personnel is investigated. It is substantiated that the purpose of legal support of the educational process in the system of training of reserve officers is to create legal mechanisms for developing in this category of persons a patriotic outlook, moral and combat qualities and national and ideological beliefs based on the military traditions of the Ukrainian people, love for the Motherland and readiness to fulfill their military and patriotic duty under any circumstances.
The article determines that the legal framework for the educational process in the reserve officer training system consists of the following legal acts: 1) of a global nature (the Constitution of Ukraine, the norms of international humanitarian law); 2) of an organizational nature which determine the peculiarities of military service (in particular, the Laws of Ukraine “On Military Duty and Military Service”, “On Mobilization Training and Mobilization”; 3) regulatory legal acts, which include the Procedure for Conducting Military Training of Citizens of Ukraine under the Program for Training of Reserve Officers, the Instruction on Organization of Military Training of Citizens of Ukraine under the Program for Training of Reserve Officers, and the Law of Ukraine “On Military Training of Citizens of Ukraine”.
The arguments are presented that the educational process in the system of training reserve officers performs a guiding and consolidating function, ensuring the integrity of the educational process and the formation of a set of value-motivational, moral, business and worldview qualities in future military personnel. The integrating basis for the professionally important qualities of a reserve officer is patriotism, which includes the formation of defense consciousness, respect for military service, and awareness of its role in the life of society and the state.
The author concludes that the main areas of legal support for the educational process in the system of training of reserve officers represent the vectors of legal influence on the formation of the personality of future military personnel with a view to strengthening their national-patriotic and military-patriotic values and professional motivation. The most important areas of the type of legal support under study include value, organizational, instrumental, human-centered and communicative.
Timely issues of the objective side of obstructing the legitimate professional activity of journalists
Authors: Isayenko Ye. G.
Published: February 2025

The article examines some elements of the objective side of the composition of the criminal offense provided for in Part 1 of Art. 171 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which describes the obstruction of the legitimate professional activity of journalists. Three forms of obstruction of journalistic activity were considered: 1) intentional obstruction of the legitimate professional activity of journalists, including in one of the ways described in the criminal law (Part 1 of Article 171 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); 2) influencing a journalist to prevent him from fulfilling his professional duties (part 2 of Article 171 of Ukraine); 3) persecution of a journalist in connection with his legitimate professional activity (Part 2 of Article 171 of Ukraine). It is emphasized that the objective side of the investigated criminal offense consists of socially dangerous actions (actions or inactions), which limit the possibility or even make it impossible for journalists to fulfill their professional.
Three main methods of criminally unlawful obstruction of a journalist’s activity, which is prescribed in Part 1 of Art. 171 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, are considered: 1) illegal seizure of materials and technical means collected, processed, and prepared by a journalist, which the journalist uses in connection with his professional activity; 2) illegal denial of journalist’s access to information; 3) illegal prohibition of coverage of certain topics, showing of certain persons, criticism of the subject of authority. It is emphasized that the current criminal law enshrines a wide list of actions that can be considered obstruction, taking into account the wording “any other intentional obstruction.” This makes it possible to cover various practical situations in which obstacles are created for journalists in the performance of their professional duties.
The article separately analyzes the normative definitions governing the confiscation of property and the specifics of denial of access to information, as well as examples of judicial practice illustrating the illegal seizure of materials and other restrictions on the professional activities of journalists.
Special attention is paid to the interpretation of concepts related to the ban on coverage of certain topics or criticism of subjects of authority; situations, where such prohibitions may manifest themselves in the form of state censorship or other illegal influences, are also described. The author substantiates the need to optimize the norms of the law and exclude unnecessary repetitions, such as the use of the term “illegal”, in order to avoid tautology and improve guidelines for law enforcement.
The conclusions emphasize the importance of improving the practice of applying criminal law and the possible directions of such improvement in order to ensure the protection of journalists’ rights and freedom of speech in Ukraine.
Some methodological aspects of Ukraine’s foreign criminal and legal policy
Authors: Krasiy M. O.
Published: February 2025

The article examines the key methodological aspects of Ukraine’s foreign criminal and legal policy. In modern conditions of globalization, crime is increasingly becoming transnational in nature, which requires effective interaction of the state with international institutions. The author analyzes the role of scientific methods, such as dialectical, comparative law, historical, formal-legal, statistical and sociological, in the study of this issue.
Foreign criminal and legal policy is considered as a multifaceted system that combines legal, political and international aspects to combat crime. The importance of harmonizing national legislation with international standards is emphasized, as well as the need for a critical review of traditional methodological approaches to ensure effective integration into the international legal space.
The importance of methodology for the study of legal phenomena, its influence on the formation and implementation of foreign criminal and legal policy as a component of the general legal policy of the state is revealed. The author emphasizes the need to revise traditional research methods, which are based mainly on a formal-legal approach that does not take into account dynamic changes in the global legal environment.
It is noted that improving the methodological tools will contribute to the harmonization of the national legal system with international standards, strengthening the international authority of Ukraine, as well as increasing the effectiveness of the fight against crime.
The results of the study are aimed at improving the mechanisms of international cooperation of Ukraine, adapting the legal system to modern challenges and ensuring the sustainable development of the rule of law. Thus, the study of methodological aspects of Ukraine’s foreign criminal law policy not only deepens the scientific understanding of this area, but also forms the foundation for creating an effective strategy for international interaction adapted to the modern challenges of globalization. Particular attention is paid to the importance of implementing independent methodological reflection as a means of adapting national legal policy to international standards. Emphasis is placed on the importance of integrating criminal law norms of Ukraine into the international legal space. The author emphasizes that deepening methodological knowledge and developing new approaches will ensure the effective coexistence of national and international legal systems, contributing to their harmonization.
Classification of international crimes
Authors: Nalutsyshyn V. V. , Nalutsyshyn V. V. , Nalutsyshyn R. V.
Published: February 2025

The article examines the problems associated with the classification of international crimes. It is stated that in the doctrine of international law, international crimes are understood as the most serious and dangerous violations of the principles and norms of international law which encroach on the global interests of humanity and pose a threat to international peace and security. The author analyses the classification of international crimes provided for in the statutes of the Nuremberg and Tokyo International Military Tribunals, the Geneva Conventions, the United Nations documents, the Rome Statute, and case law. It is noted that the list of international crimes is only approximate, since it will constantly change as international law develops.
Today, in our opinion, the corpus delicti of international crimes are most fully presented in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court of 1998. They include: genocide; crimes against humanity; war crimes; aggression. It is noted that, in addition to inhuman acts (murder, extermination, enslavement, exile and other cruelties committed against civilians before or during war) and persecution of a human group (for political, racial or religious reasons), the list of crimes against humanity also includes torture, sexual crimes, enforced disappearance of persons and apartheid when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack against any civilians.
It is noted that the full-scale russian armed aggression is accompanied by the commission of numerous international crimes on the territory of Ukraine which have no statute of limitations. The author emphasises that the main discrepancy between national legislation and generally recognised corpus delicti of international crimes in international criminal law is the absence of criminalisation of crimes against humanity and the absence of the institution of command responsibility (chief of command). It is concluded that the main legislative step is to bring the national criminal legislation of Ukraine into full compliance with the requirements of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court to ensure fair, necessary and inevitable punishment of persons who commit international crimes.
Application of additional penalties in case of release from serving the main sentence with probation (analysis of legislative changes)
Authors: Parasiuk N.
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the novelties of the legislative regulation of the application of additional punishments upon release from serving a sentence with probation and substantiates the directions for improving the criminal legislation. The Law of Ukraine «On Amendments to the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine on Improving the Regulation of Plea Agreements in Criminal Proceedings on Corruption Criminal Offenses and Corruption-Related Criminal Offenses» No. 4033-IX of October 29, 2024, amended the articles of the Criminal Code of Ukraine which went beyond which went beyond the scope of the criminal-law concept of the application of a conditional sentence when the court agreed on a plea agreement for a corruption criminal offense or a criminal offense related to corruption and changed the general criminal-law nature of the fine as the main and additional punishment. The application of such a broad legislative wording could not be based solely on the procedure for applying this type of punishment when exempting from serving a sentence of probation for committing only a separate group of criminal offenses, since the specifics of imposing this type of punishment for other acts are not taken into account. The author concludes that the provisions of Parts 1 and 2 of Article 77 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine correlate as general and special provisions. It is proposed that if the sanction of an article for committing a corruption criminal offense or a corruption-related criminal offense provides for an additional mandatory punishment in the form of a fine, then when determining its amount, the court cannot go beyond it and proceed to the application of paragraph 2 of Part 3 of Article 53 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The author establishes that it is irrational to apply confiscation of property upon release from serving a sentence of probation for corruption criminal offenses or criminal offenses related to corruption in the application of subpara Part 2 of Art. 77 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is proposed to provide in Part 2 of Art. 77 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine for a special confiscation instead of confiscation of property under the conditions specified therein.
The offender as an element of a criminal offence under Article 111-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine
Authors: Pysmenskyy Ye. O.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the study of the subject of collaborative activity (criminal offender) as an element of a criminal offence under Article 111-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The analysis of this element is aimed at identifying the specific legal features of the offender of collaborative activity that affect its qualification and also determining the prospects for improving criminal law. It is noted that there are several problems arising from the provisions of Art. 111-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which has flaws regarding the definition of the subject of this criminal offence.
Based on the doctrinal interpretation, it is proved that the offender of collaborative activity belongs to the category of special ones, namely, it may be a sane person who has reached the age of 16 and is a citizen of Ukraine.
Concerning examples from court practice, the article consecutively examines all the features of the studied element of the criminal offence under Article 111-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. In this context, the issue of lowering the age of criminal liability for certain types of collaborative activities, primarily in the military sphere, is raised. It is emphasised that additional reasons for doubting the sanity of a person who has committed collaboration are military factors, which can have a significant destructive effect on the human psyche. The situation of committing collaborative activity by a person who was in a state of partial insanity is considered.
It is concluded that the possibility of complicity in the commission of collaborative activity may have widespread manifestations (given the nature of such activity, which is reflected in the interaction with the aggressor state representatives), and this is the most problematic aspect of the practice of qualifying collaborative activity. It is established that the offender of collaborative activity, by Article 111-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, is a citizen of Ukraine, despite the absence of a corresponding textual indication in Part 4 and Part 6 of Article 111-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. However, this legislative provision needs to be amended so that only a citizen of Ukraine can be considered a subject of collaborative activity.
Criminological characteristics of juvenile delinquency
Authors: Diakur M. D. , Prodan T. V.
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the criminological characteristics of juvenile delinquency. Juvenile delinquency is one of the components of all crime, subject to its general changes and laws. Family, social and economic criminogenic factors of juvenile delinquency were studied. It was established that the age of minors is divided into two groups: 14-15 years and 16-17 years. The majority of criminal offenses are committed by minors aged 16-17 (69,3%) who have completed basic secondary education. It is noted that in the structure of moral and psychological properties of juvenile criminals, the following prevail: violation of the emotional and volitional sphere, weakening of the sense of shame, lying, a distorted system of life values, pronounced cynicism, indifference to the experiences of others. The structure of criminal-legal properties assumes that most minors were preceded by deviant behavior. Four types of juvenile criminals are distinguished: random, unstable, negative, malicious. Qualitative and quantitative indicators of this type of crime were analyzed. It is argued that during the years 2022–2024, the level of juvenile delinquency will either increase or decrease depending on the year. In general, there is an increase in this type of crime from 1,291 to 1,363 registered criminal offenses committed by minors. It was established that two trends can be traced from the statistical data review: negative and positive. A positive trend, which consists in reducing the number of criminally illegal acts against property and leaving criminal offenses in the field of trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances at almost the same level and a negative trend – an increase in all other types of criminal offenses provided for in the structure of juvenile delinquency, as well as an increase in the specific weight of particularly serious crimes in the structure of juvenile delinquency. It was concluded that a comprehensive analysis of the criminological characteristics of juvenile delinquency is quite important, since such a study is the basis for the further development of effective measures to counter this negative phenomenon.