bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among street adolescents in adama town, oromia regional state, Ethiopia, 2023: A cross sectional study
Authors: Tesfaye Tsinukal , Bayana Kebede Ebissa , Bagilkar Vinod , Meseret Fentahun
Published: January 2024

Background

Undernutrition remains a serious public health problem in developing countries, including Ethiopia. In particular, street adolescents are more at risk for undernutrition because they are the most underprivileged population. However, there is a paucity of information about undernutrition among street adolescents in Ethiopia.

Objective

To assess the prevalence of undernutrition (stunting and thinness) and factors associated with undernutrition among street adolescents in Adama town, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia, 2023.

Method

A community-based cross sectional study was conducted among 358 street adolescents from January 15–30, 2023. A convenience sampling technique was used to select the required sample size. A structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from the respondents. The collected data were checked, coded, entered into Epidata 4.6 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25. Both Bivariable and Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the factors that are associated with thinness and stunting. P values below 0.05 at the 95% confidence interval were considered indicative of a statistically significant association. Finally, statements, graphs, tables and charts were used for result presentation.

Result

This study revealed that, the prevalence of undernutrition was 47.2%. Thinness and stunting accounted for 20.4% and 34.1% respectively and 7.3% both thinness and stuting. Age (adusted odd ratio = 1.41; 95% confidence interval: 1.17–1.71), skipped one or more meals per day ((adusted odd ratio = 3.50; 95% confidence interval: 1.23–9.94), drinking unprotected water source ((adusted odd ratio = 3.23; 95% confidence interval: 1.49–6.98) and use of mastish ((adusted odd ratio = 2.91; 95% confidence interval: 1.19–7.12) were factors statistically associated with thinness. Being skipped one or more meals per day ((adusted odd ratio = 4.14; 95% confidence interval: 1.87–9.14), washing hands before meals ((adusted odd ratio = 0.46; 95% confidence interval: 0.26–0.81) and moderate depression ((adusted odd ratio = 2.93; 95% confidence interval: 1.05–8.15) were factors significantly associated with stunting.

Conclusion and recommendation

In conculusion, the prevalence of undernutrition (thinness, stunting or both together) was high among street adolescents. To enhance street adolecents’ nutritional status, targeted nutritional treatments, providing health services and good hygiene and sanitatios practices are urgently needed.
Is there any difference between the owners and the public in their visual impact assessments?——A case study of the front garden of multi-storey residential buildings
Authors: Gu Tao , Han Chenping , Zhao Mengmeng , Zhang Lin , Yang Zhongju , Zhang Jian
Published: January 2024

As a special garden unique to China, the front garden of multi-storey residential buildings has certain public attributes but is managed by a single owner. In this study, the front gardens of multi-storey residential buildings in Jiangsu province, China, were set as research object. Meanwhile, the size of garden, plant type, plant vertical structure, color number, plant coverage, and fence material were chosen as the landscape features to be explored. Then the experiments were conducted to reveal the visual impact assessment rendered by the public with different demographic attributes and the results obtained were analyzed. As is indicated by the statistical analysis, significant differences exist between the owners and the public in their visual impact assessments of the front gardens; the six landscape features are the main factors that influence the public’s visual impact assessment; and the public with different demographic attributes would render different visual impact assessments of front gardens. This study offers valuable help for the design of front gardens of multi-storey residential buildings.
Determinants of rheumatic heart disease: findings from qualitative research approach
Authors: Ajeng Rudy Ngau , Rahman Mohammod Mizanur , Said Asri Bin , Adenan Abang Safuan Bin , Ameenudeen Mohamed , Kim Choo Greta Miranda Goh , Siddiq Muhammad , Gahamat Mohamed Faiz
Published: January 2024

Background Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is an autoimmune heart disease following unresolved or untreated Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF), which results in irreversible valve damage and heart failure. Strategies for managing RHD could be planned to understand the disease determinants in local settings.
Objective To explore the determinants of RHD among the family with an RHD case.
Methods The study was a qualitative design using a grounded theory approach after in-depth interviews with respondents from families with RHD patients. Analysis was conducted after the scripts were finalized. Initial, intermediate, and advanced codings were performed. Ten respondents agreed to participate and completed the qualitative data collection process.
Results The analysis yielded two theme categories of what could have led to RHD among respondents due to internal and external causes. Internal causes were considered factors that could be managed or manipulated to improve an individual and family’s capacity. In contrast, external causes were considered factors that could not be managed or manipulated to improve an individual’s capacity or family. Therefore, these factors were considered beyond their control.
Conclusion This study explored RHD determinants according to the patients’ and their families’ perspectives. A holistic approach can be applied to managing RHD by considering these factors.
Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Bayi Prematur Usia Gestasi 28-34 Minggu Pasca Rawat: Studi Kohort di Rumah Sakit Ciptomangunkusumo
Authors: Marsubrin Putri Maharani Tristanita , Medise Bernie Endyarni , Devaera Yoga
Published: January 2024

Latar belakang. Kemajuan dalam perawatan neonatal intensif telah memberikan kontribusi terhadap peningkatan angka kesintasan bayi prematur. Bayi yang bertahan hidup mempunyai risiko gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang berhubungan dengan prematuritas dan morbiditas yang menyertainya. Tujuan. Mengetahui luaran pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi prematur usia gestasi 28-34 minggu pasca rawat dari Unit Neonatologi Rumah Sakit Ciptomangunkusumo.Metode. Penelitian kohort prospektif dengan wawancara kepada orang tua subjek penelitian, pencataan melalui rekam medis, dan pemeriksaan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan langsung oleh peneliti pada 90 bayi prematur pasca rawat pada bulan Juli? Desember 2016 dengan cara consecutive sampling. Kriteria inklusi adalah bayi prematur dengan masa gestasi 28-34 minggu, berdomisili di Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, serta Bekasi dan orang tua menyetujui mengikuti penelitian. Kriteria eksklusi adalah bayi memiliki kelainan kongenital atau bawaan seperti sindrom Down, sindrom Rubella dan lainnya, dan memiliki malformasi orofasial. Hasil. Hasil data usia koreksi 0 sampai 3 bulan, didapatkan rerata kenaikan berat bayi prematur 29,01±5,31 g/hari, hasil rerata kenaikan panjang badan 3,7±0,8cm/bulan dan rerata kenaikan lingkar kepala 1,6±0,6cm/bulan. Hasil perkembangan berdasarkan FSDQ CAT-CLAM (full-scale developmental quotient cognitive adaptive test- clinical linguistic and auditory milestone scale) menunjukkan skor yang cukup baik yaitu di atas 100% dengan rerata 148% (111-160% ).Kesimpulan. Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi prematur usia gestasi 28-34 minggu pasca rawat Unit Neonatologi Rumah Sakit Ciptomangunkusomo Jakarta sampai usia 3 bulan koreksi baik dan dalam rentang normal.
Difference in Group Perceptions Related to Motivation for Participating in Blood Donation and Selecting VNRD
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Park Kye-Tae , Jeong Hyeon-Ji , Won Jeong-Hun
Published: January 2024

This study compared and analyzed the differences in perception related to the motivation for blood donation participation and VNRD (Voluntary Non-Remunerated Blood Donation) selection according to the blood donor's occupation type and blood donation frequency. Based on prior research investigating perceptions related to donation, a questionnaire was developed. And t-tests and ANOVA were conducted to analyze differences between considered groups. Results showed that significant differences in blood donation motivation and VNRD selection perception between public official and the general public. Blood donation frequency also influenced the motivation for selecting VNRD. Differences in blood donation motivation were found between groups choosing souvenirs and VNRD. These results provide crucial insights for establishing strategies to activate the VNRD and planning blood donation campaigns and programs. In particular, differentiated approach strategies considering various occupational types and blood donation experiences are needed to increase awareness and demand for the VNRD.
A Study of North Korea's Policy Change Through Big Data Analysis
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Mi Hye , Lee Eun Mi
Published: January 2024

This study analyzes “on the spot guidance” articles in Rodong Sinmun using text mining and network analysis. By analyzing the characteristics of the policies under Kim Jong-il and Kim Jong-un, and the extent to which they were linked, we determined the extent to which the policies under Kim Jong-un were inherited from the policies of Kim Jong-il’s government. Data was drawn from Rodong Sinmun archives from July 8, 1994, the date of Kim Il Sung's death, to November 24, 2020 and included articles with “on the spot guidance” in the title. Under both Kim Jong-il and Kim Jong-un, the main keywords from these articles were related to solving food problems, industrial development, and advancing science and technology. North Korea’s fundamental policy emphasis was consistent from the Kim Jong-il period to the Kim Jong-un period, though the details of the policies differed depending on the supreme leader.
Assessing the Imperative for Underpass Safety Technologies in Climate Change Challenges
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Choi Hyung-Gyu , Park Kiyong , Kwon Seol A
Published: January 2024

Amidst the heightening urgency of climate change impacts, underpass roadways are particularly susceptible to the intensifying and unpredictable weather events, with flooding being a primary concern. This paper highlights the dire need for sophisticated safety assessment technologies specifically catered to these critical infrastructures. Herein, we present a pioneering risk assessment model that holistically incorporates environmental variables along with urban developmental factors to yield an exhaustive evaluation of flood vulnerability. Our proposed methodological framework offers a robust scientific foundation for the identification of high-risk areas, which is crucial for effective emergency response planning, optimized resource allocation, and enhancing the adaptive capacity of urban environments to weather extremes. The adoption of such advanced assessment tools is not just beneficial but becomes essential for informed urban planning and safeguarding the populace against the dire consequences of flood events.
A FRAM-based Case Study on Leakage Accidents in Cathode Material Manufacturing Process
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lim Tae Hyoung , Shin Seung-Hyeon , Won Jeong-Hun
Published: January 2024

In this study, the interrelationships among accident prevention functions targeting leakage accidents in cathode material manufacturing process were analyzed using the FRAM (Functional Resonance Analysis Method) method. 17 system functions of accident prevention were derived from the target accidents. Each function was connected and developed into six aspects such as input, output, prerequisites, resources, control, and time. And, the causes of leakage accidents in complex interactions were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the complex interaction and ripple effects of functional variability were analyzed as the cause of the accident unlike the existing root cause analysis (RCA) that deals with simple cause-effect relationships. Specific response plans were derived, including systematic management of operation plans, continuous monitoring of facilities, and strengthening of worker training and information sharing mechanisms. The FRAM method confirmed that it can serve as an effective tool for accident prevention in considered new chemical processes. It is expected to be used as an important tool that can significantly reduce human casualties, property damage, and environmental accidents in the cathode active material manufacturing process.
A Study on the Influence of Oil Price Fluctuations on Agricultural Value-Added
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Junho , Kim Taehoo , Seo Hong-Seok
Published: January 2024

Recently, the volatility of oil prices has significantly increased due to various factors. This study aims to analyze the influences of oil price fluctuations on agricultural value added, with a particular focus on comparing the magnitude of ripple effects across different categories. In order to achieve this, we designated not only oil prices but also exchange rates and the prices of three grains as random variables, and developed a stochastic model that considers their correlations. When oil prices fluctuate within expected ranges, it was analyzed that agricultural value-added changes by approximately 540 billion KRW. When examined by category, it was found that fruit-bearing vegetables exhibited the largest ripple effect. As a policy alternative to alleviate the farmers’ operational risk, this study introduces margin insurance to effectively manage both the increases in input costs due to rising oil prices and the decreases in agricultural commodity prices.
A Study on the Effect of Economic Growth and Energy Consumption on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in India from 1970 to 2021
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kang Myeong Joo
Published: January 2024

The paper re-examines the relationship between economic growth, energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) for India over the period of 1970-2021. The study began with the main concern of whether there are any changes of empirical results compared to the previous studies on India. To achieve this objective, this study investigates the effect of the economic growth, energy consumption, population and trade openness on CO2 emissions. The paper also applies the conventional unit root test to build an appropriate model and deduce reliable results for this study. The empirical results indicate that there are strong and significant effects of economic growth and energy consumption on CO2 emissions, which are similar to the conclusions of previous studies on India. These outcomes imply that economic growth has increased CO2 emissions and that an increase in energy consumption plays a crucial role in increasing CO2 emissions as well. Therefore, the study results suggest that policymakers need to improve environmental quality and increase the efficiency of energy usage through the development of eco-friendly technologies to achieve sustainable economic growth while reducing CO2 emissions in India.
The Impact of Elementary School Students' Emotional Problems on Smartphone Game Addiction: The Multi-Mediation Effects of Parent-Child Communication and Ego-Resilience
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Choi Jinoh , Jeong Jongseong
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of emotional problems(EB), such as depression and anxiety, on smartphone game addiction(SGA) of elementary school students, and to indentify how parent-child communication(PCC) and ego-resilience(ER) act as multiple mediating factors. A survey was conducted with 572 students at grades 4 to 6 at two elementary schools in a metropolitan area. The survey was constructed to assess the levels of EB, SGA, PCC and ER. The collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling, and the multi-mediated effect was confirmed via bootstrap analysis. The primary findings are as follows. Firstly, ER of elementary school students was found to escalate their SGA either directly or indirectly. Secondly, both PCC and ER were found to mediate the relationship between EB and SG through a multi-mediation analysis. In the analysis, three significant pathways were identified: 'EB → PCC → SGA', 'EB → ER → SGA', and 'EB → PCC → ER → SGA'. Therefore, it is essential to totally consider emotional problems, familial communication, and ego-concept of elementary school students to prevent or intervene in their smartphone game addiction.
Research on the Implementation of Human Rights Policing through the Police Reform Roadmap
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Eun Young
Published: January 2024

The National Police Agency announced a Police Reform Roadmap for the implementation of human rights policing through a public reporting event in 2021. The Police Reform Roadmap brings in outside experts by newly instituting an open Human Rights Policy Officer, and establishes a control system within the National Investigation Headquarters to prevent human rights violations and power abuse during the investigative process. It also proposed a system for monitoring attorney-led investigations to analyze and address issues in vulnerable sectors. However, in an effort to strengthen these human rights guarantee capabilities, it suggested that the Human Rights Impact Assessment system be recognized as an essential process and stipulated. It also introduced a framework for establishing the direction of Human Rights Impact Assessment system within the police organization. Furthermore, it suggested the police to develop substantive, systematic human rights education and training programs, foster close cooperation within the organization through institutional human rights solidarity, and design human rights guidelines, indicating that such measures are requisite for the police to strenghten its human rights guarantee capabilities.
COVID19 pneumonia reported in old age patient who received four doses of COVID19 vaccine
Authors: Elrobaa Islam
Published: January 2024

A 73 years old male patient, brought by his son for fever and body ache, the patient got fever and body ache since one day, then got dizziness and fall down with both feet trauma. Vital signs were with normal variations only the Oxygen saturation was 93% on room air, no wheezy chest or cough. Feet x rays had no abnormal detection. Chest x ray showed bilateral infiltrations . Blood work up showed mild renal impairment , no leukocytosis and mild elevation in C reactive protein about 20 ,COVID Ag requested that showed positive result then COVID PCR done and was positive too with CT 19.5 . The Oxygen saturation became 96 % on nasal cannula with 2 litters oxygen per minutes . The patient had COVID 19 vaccine [ Pfizer vaccine ] for 4 times : first dose then second dose then third dose finally booster doe since 6 months back . He goat admission for COVID 19 pneumonia management. The patient had no COVID 19 infection before. The patient had past medical history of diabetic , hypertensive and cardiac disease . His COVID pneumonia improved and went to home.
Metodologias participativas e emergência climática:
Authors: Corbagi Raissa , Kárita Bonzanini Taitiâny , Rinaldi Silvia
Published: January 2024

A presente pesquisa fez uso de metodologias participativas em atividades pedagógicas de Educação Ambiental para discussões sobre emergência climática no ensino básico. A interdisciplinaridade foi intensificada através da participação de educadores de diferentes áreas do saber, o que propiciou um debate mais amplo e, a posterior realização de um evento pelos estudantes, evidenciou seu protagonismo em relação ao tema. Considera-se que metodologias participativas favorecem o entendimento da complexidade conjuntural vivenciada no que tange a temática da emergência climática, suas causas, consequências e soluções, potencializando o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, uma vez que essencialmente posicionam o educando como sujeito ativo nas tomadas de decisões.
Measures to Strengthen Patient Safety Management Competencies for Patient Safety Coordinators: A Qualitative Research
Authors: Kim Hee-Jin , Kim Mi-Young
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to identify strategies to enhance the competencies of patient safety coordinators in Korea.Methods: Fourteen participants from nine hospitals were interviewed between May and November 2022. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data.Results: As for the strategies to enhance patient safety management competency, 3 themes and 11 sub-themes were derived. The first theme was ‘Having individual competence as a patient safety coordinator’, and the sub-themes were ‘Communication skills with members’, ‘Flexible thinking from multiple perspectives’, and ‘Preparing for administrative work competencies that they had not experienced as a nurse.’ The second theme was ‘Responding strategically to promote improvement activities’, and the sub-themes for it were ‘Multi-angle approach to the problem’, ‘A careful approach so as not to be taken as criticism in the field’, ‘Increasing the possibility of improvement activities through awareness’, ‘Activating the network between patient safety coordinators’, and ‘Expanding learning opportunities through patient safety case analysis.’ The third theme was ‘Obtaining support to facilitate patient safety activities’, and the subthemes for this were ‘Improving staff awareness of patient safety’, ‘Providing a training course for nurse professional of patient safety’, and ‘Expanding the manpower allocation standard of patient safety coordinators.’Conclusion: This study explored personal competencies such as document writing and computer utilization capabilities, focused on ways to improve the field of patient safety management, and emphasized the need for organizational and political support.
The Dialectics of Ecology: An Introduction
Authors: Foster John Bellamy
Published: January 2024

In this introduction to his forthcoming The Dialectics of Ecology (Monthly Review Press, 2024), John Bellamy Foster charts the relatively recent reconstruction of Marxian ecology, based on the classical Marxist understanding of the social-metabolic system linking humanity and nature. It is through dialectical naturalism, he writes, that we can face the crises of the Anthropocene while building a society that truly supports the well-being both of society and Earth itself.
Social Medicine and Collective Health
Authors: Istúriz Oscar Feo
Published: January 2024

Oscar Feo Istúriz reviews Social Medicine and the Coming Transformation, an extensive work that explores the concept of collective health, from its early basis in classical Marxism to its contemporary implementation in Latin America (and lack thereof in the United States). This model of social medicine-collective health has the potential to not only replace the dysfunctional model of public health under capitalism, but open up new pathways toward profound social transformation.
Investigating Phenol Transport Using Copoly(Eugenol-DVB) 8% as a Carrier with the Supported Liquid Membrane Method
Authors: Kiswandono Agung Abadi , Antika Windi , Rahmawati Anisa , Rinawati Rinawati
Published: January 2024

The presence of phenol in water has adverse effects on human health and the environment, as it is a toxic contaminant commonly found in industrial waste. To address this issue, studies were conducted to investigate the transport of phenol using copoly(eugenol-divinyl benzene) (Co-EDVB) 8% as a carrier on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes, employing the Supported Liquid Membrane (SLM) method. Various parameters affecting phenol transport were examined, including the pH of the source phase, concentration in the receiver phase, immersion time, carrier concentration, and transport duration. Co-EDVB 8% was synthesized through copolymerizing eugenol and 8% divinyl benzene, facilitated by the BF3O(C2H5) catalyst. The synthesized polymer was characterized using FTIR. The phenol concentration post-transportation was determined spectrophotometrically using a 4-aminoantipyrine reagent, with absorbance measured at λ = 456 nm. The findings indicate that under optimal conditions—source phase pH of 5.5, NaOH concentration of 0.1 M, immersion time of 1 hour, carrier concentration of 0.01 M, and a transportation time of 24 hours—the Co-EDVB carrier in the PTFE membrane efficiently transported phenol. Even after 24 hours of the phenol transport process, the percentage of membrane liquid loss (%ML Loss) did not significantly decrease, remaining at 8.35%. This was corroborated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) results and FTIR characterization. In conclusion, the PTFE membrane incorporating 8% Co-EDVB as a carrier exhibits effective phenol transport, achieving a transportation efficiency of 92.10%.
Teaching L2 Galician through the traditional songbooks: The case of the direct object [+human] with the preposition a
Authors: Sánchez Rei Xosé Manuel
Published: January 2024

Explaining the grammatical structures that characterize the Galician language system to university students of L2 Galician involves certain difficulties, both in terms of contact with Spanish and due to its nature as an L2 language. It must be noted that such learners’ L1 is mostly Spanish, French, English or Italian. We propose in this paper an activity in which students engage in a process of practical reflection on real examples of the language. The activity will focus in par-ticular on the absence of the preposition a with the direct object (DO), i.e., Nós saudamos o teu amigo (“We greet your friend”), using for this purpose a corpus of traditional Galician popular songs, and following the recommendations of the Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) model. Within this theoretical and practical approach students will also acquire knowledge of Galician culture and history, through information found in the anonymous poetry of the songbook itself.
Analysis of Poland’s enotourism product model
Authors: Sidorkiewicz Marta
Published: January 2024

The development of winemaking has never been as dynamic as today in the whole history of Poland, with more and more vineyards being created each year. Such a state of Polish winemaking constitutes the development potential of the Polish enotourism product. The main purpose of this article is to develop the concept of the Polish tourism offer model, the target group of which are enotourists, including the identification of the elements of the enotourism offer in Poland along with a discussion of their current quantitative and/or qualitative status and recommendations for its improvement. In order to achieve the purpose of the article, a desk research method, known as a desk data analysis, was used, which involved the use of secondary data. The results of the conducted research allow concluding that Poland as a destination has a multi-element enotourism product. In the course of achieving the goal of this article, the concept of Poland’s enotourism product model was developed, within which four main elements were distinguished, i.e. natural values enabling the cultivation of grapevines, local and regional enotourism products, entities supporting and promoting enotourism in Poland, and content inspiring enotourists.
Opportunities for the development of a borderland rural territory: A case study of the Hlučín region
Authors: Šťastná Milada , Vaishar Antonín
Published: January 2024

The study evaluates the regional development potential of a specific rural micro-region with regard to its qualitative aspect. It aims to set a general strategy for further development. The method is a geographical analysis using the migration balance as an indicator of the region’s attractiveness for housing. Main strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats were identified. Generally accessible statistical data was used. The proposed strategy is to support the development of the human capital. In addition to the generally valid recommendations for the development of rural areas, it is always necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the geographical location, path dependency, natural, economic and social potential, the state of the environment, cultural factors or other specifics. The regional and local decision-making levels play an important role in this process.
The impact of the maritime border on the development of Po- land’s border areas in terms of expenses of foreigners and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Malkowska Agnieszka , Malkowski Arkadiusz , Tokarz-Kocik Anna
Published: January 2024

The aim of this paper is to present the issue of border traffic of foreigners and their expenses on the Polish maritime border. The study is based on quantitative data on border traffic and expenses of foreigners in Poland. The time of the study was 2014–2021. Thus, the impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on foreigners’ mobility and spending in Poland was additionally taken into account. For the purpose of this paper, the following study methods were adopted: reference literature analysis, secondary data analysis and comparative analysis. The paper mainly uses data from official statistics and the Border Guard. The study has shown that the Polish maritime border generates the smallest volume of border traffic, however, its share increased during the analysed period from 0.7% in 2014 to 0.8% in 2021. Nevertheless, it is foreigners crossing the maritime border who on average spend in Poland more than twice as much as foreigners crossing the Polish land border. In 2020, they spent the most on non-food goods (40%) and services (34.7%). As the study results reveal, their spending patterns and travel purposes are different from those of foreigners crossing the land border. The potential that foreign visitors bring is significant for the development of border areas in such sectors as tourism, services and trade. The analysis of the motivation of foreigners crossing the sea border makes it possible to shape the regional development policy of this particular area.
Social and psychological features of affective disorders in people during crisis periods of life
Authors: Spytska Liana
Published: January 2024

The study’s relevance is due to the association between mental disorders and environmental instability. A frequent consequence of stress is post-traumatic disorder, which can significantly affect the personality and disrupt adaptation, causing subjective suffering. The purpose of the article is to update information on the structure and dynamics of socio-psychological features of affective personality disorders in the crisis period of life in the Ukrainian population associated with the war. The article uses the following methods: clinical and psychological, psychometric, and statistical (in particular, descriptive statistics) methods. The results of the study demonstrate various courses of bipolar affective disorders of the continuum type with the transformation of their dynamics. The study showed a significant increase in the negative symptoms of affective disorders under the influence of stress. The researchers demonstrated the severity of both depressive and manic phases of affective disorders under the impact of stress factors. The results indicate an exacerbation of the course of affective disorders in people under difficult life circumstances. The findings have theoretical significance and are promising for further research on typologisation, classification and identifying clinical and biological manifestations to represent the specifics of pathogenesis.
Livestock, livestock loss and livelihood: a note on Mishing char dwellers of Assam
Authors: Saikia Mrinal , Mahanta Ratul
Published: January 2024

The geography of char (the sandy land areas found within the river or lining at the bank) and their fertile lands create a suitable environment for livestock rearing, significantly contributing to livelihood, income, and nutritional intact for the char dwellers. The study investigates how livestock rearing and losses due to diseases and disasters are related to the livelihood and economy of the char-residing people, with a particular concentration on the Mishing char dwellers of Assam. The study considers two districts of Assam having char areas populated by the Mishing population. Both quantitative and qualitative tools are used to achieve the desired goals. Table and box plot figures are used to present the results. It is found that the loss of livestock is a serious threat to the economy of char dwellers. It contributes the most significant portion of their economic loss. It is also found that the severity is higher in case of disease loss of livestock than disaster loss. The study further suggests possible adaptation strategies for reducing livestock loss in the study area.
Hyperoxia‐induced airflow restriction and Renin‐Angiotensin System expression in a bronchopulmonary dysplasia mouse model
Authors: Dowell Jasmine , Bice Zachary , Yan Ke , Konduri Girija G.
Published: January 2024

Mechanisms underlying hyperoxia‐induced airflow restriction in the pediatric lung disease Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are unclear. We hypothesized a role for Renin‐Angiotensin System (RAS) activity in BPD. RAS is comprised of a pro‐developmental pathway consisting of angiotensin converting enzyme‐2 (ACE2) and angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AT2), and a pro‐fibrotic pathway mediated by angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1). We investigated associations between neonatal hyperoxia, airflow restriction, and RAS activity in a BPD mouse model. C57 mouse pups were randomized to normoxic (FiO2 = 0.21) or hyperoxic (FiO2 = 0.75) conditions for 15 days (P1–P15). At P15, P20, and P30, we measured airflow restriction using plethysmography and ACE2, AT1, and AT2 mRNA and protein expression via polymerase chain reaction and Western Blot. Hyperoxia increased airflow restriction P15 and P20, decreased ACE2 and AT2 mRNA, decreased AT2 protein, and increased AT1 protein expression. ACE2 mRNA and protein remained suppressed at P20. By P30, airflow restriction and RAS expression did not differ between groups. Hyperoxia caused high airflow restriction, increased pulmonary expression of the pro‐fibrotic RAS pathway, and decreased expression of the pro‐developmental in our BPD mouse model. These associated findings may point to a causal role for RAS in hyperoxia‐induced airflow restriction.
Role of the Ste20‐like kinase SLK in podocyte adhesion
Authors: Cybulsky Andrey V. , Papillon Joan , Bryan Craig , Navarro‐Betancourt José R. , Sabourin Luc A.
Published: January 2024

SLK controls the cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, and migration. Podocyte‐specific deletion of SLK in mice leads to podocyte injury as mice age and exacerbates injury in experimental focal segment glomerulosclerosis (FSGS; adriamycin nephrosis). We hypothesized that adhesion proteins may be substrates of SLK. In adriamycin nephrosis, podocyte ultrastructural injury was exaggerated by SLK deletion. Analysis of a protein kinase phosphorylation site dataset showed that podocyte adhesion proteins—paxillin, vinculin, and talin‐1 may be potential SLK substrates. In cultured podocytes, deletion of SLK increased adhesion to collagen. Analysis of paxillin, vinculin, and talin‐1 showed that SLK deletion reduced focal adhesion complexes (FACs) containing these proteins mainly in adriamycin‐induced injury; there was no change in FAC turnover (focal adhesion kinase Y397 phosphorylation). In podocytes, paxillin S250 showed basal phosphorylation that was slightly enhanced by SLK; however, SLK did not phosphorylate talin‐1. In adriamycin nephrosis, SLK deletion did not alter glomerular expression/localization of talin‐1 and vinculin, but increased focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation modestly. Therefore, SLK decreases podocyte adhesion, but FAC proteins in podocytes are not major substrates of SLK in health and disease.
Variation in leukocyte indices and immunoglobulin levels according to host density, sex, flea burden and tularemia prevalence in the common vole Microtus arvalis
Authors: Mougeot François , Morales Manuel B. , Pérez Álvarez María José , Muñoz López Miguel , Rodríguez-Pastor Ruth , Luque-Larena Juan José
Published: January 2024

Rodent populations often undergo large, regular fluctuations. We studied immunological condition and physiological stress in the common vole and how it varied with environmental factors linked with population fluctuations, namely flea and Francisella tularensis (the bacterium causing tularemia) prevalence. We used two leukocyte indices, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (N:L) and proportion of eosinophils, as physiological long-term stress indicators, and measured levels of immunoglobulins (Ig) as a generic index of immunological condition. Leukocyte indices showed a hump-shaped relationship with Ig levels, consistent with an interdependence between physiological stress and immunological condition. N:L was negatively associated with vole density only in males. Eosinophil proportion was explained by the interaction between flea burden and tularemia prevalence, with highest levels in flea-infested voles also infected with tularemia. Ig levels did not vary with sex or flea prevalence but increased in tularemia-infected voles. When Ig levels were included as covariates in our models, the associations between leukocyte indices and environmental factors remained significant. Results suggest sex-specific associations between physiological stress and population density, and an influence of tularemia infection depending on ectoparasite load. We recommend using immunological parameters complementarily to leukocyte indices when studying physiological stress and infection dynamics in wild populations.
La intrusión de Gaia en Un Verdor terrible (2020) de Bejamín Labatut
Authors: Carrasco Aníbal Gabriel
Published: January 2024

En el presente trabajo analizamos la novela Un verdor terrible (2020) de Benjamín Labatut como un texto que dialoga con las representaciones en torno al Antropoceno. A partir de este contexto geológico y planetario comprendemos la monstruosidad de los científicos y de la ciencia en términos de literatura gótica. La monstruosidad de la ciencia se produce por la ruptura de los marcos de representación, lo que construye una estética anamórfica cercana a las formas en que el arte puede aniquilar al sujeto de la representación según el psicoanálisis. Estos dos hilos, antropoceno y goticidad, los tejemos para señalar la intrusión e insurgencia de Gaia dentro de la novela como factor desestabilizador de los afectos.
Diagnosis sobre la especie del filósofo
Authors: Hernández Pineda Juan Carlos
Published: January 2024

Este artículo esboza una suerte de impresión diagnóstica de la figura del filósofo. Aunque esta tarea pueda convocar a otras ramas del conocimiento humano, no constituye un estudio psicológico de personalidad ni mucho menos la propuesta para una nueva nosología. Si bien para el tema resulta inevitable señalar el conjunto cualitativo de rasgos, tendencias afectivas y disposiciones corporales usualmente asociados al filósofo, el desarrollo procura apegarse al terreno propiamente filosófico y, al principio, arrancarlo desde una perspectiva literaria. Si se habla de diagnosis, se hace en un sentido figurado más que clínico. Si se habla de especie, es desde la lógica aristotélica. Y para responder a la pregunta cómo es un filósofo, de entre todos sus exponentes, Nietzsche se erige como la principal guía, ya que fue él quien resumió con un adjetivo, de gran polivalencia metafórica, cómo es, cómo ha de ser, un filósofo: un intempestivo.
Machine learning algorithm for an artificial neural network for building a model of managerial decision-making when developing a marketing strategy
Authors:   Odesa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Chaikovska Maryna , Shkeda Oleksandr ,   Odesa I.I. Mechnikov National University
Published: January 2024

The article describes the application of the machine learning method, namely the backpropagation algorithm, in order to optimize managerial decision making when developing a marketing strategy. A qualitative analysis of data processing has been carried out, which proves the relevance of using the backpropagation method in marketing interpretation. Using the example of a task with the choice of hashtags for social media, a five-step model has been built step by step, which, after passing through many iterations of machine learning algorithms, could automate the solution of problems similar to the original one. The step-by-step process of machine learning has been described in terms of logic, mathematical functioning and programming. KPIs to assess the accuracy of the task by the model have been highlighted. An example of comparing the base KPIs of two models to select a more accurate one has been given
Research of the impact of artificial intelligence in marketing
Authors:   National University «Odessa Polytechnic», Panchenko Mariia , Velyka Kristina ,   National University «Odessa Polytechnic»
Published: January 2024

The impact of artificial intelligence on the business processes of Ukrainian companies is studied. The experience of some leading Ukrainian companies that are already successfully implementing artificial intelligence, which results in increased productivity and reduced labor costs, is analyzed. The article highlights the advantages and disadvantages of using artificial intelligence in marketing researches, and also the challenges and obstacles that may occur when using artificial intelligence in marketing. Software platforms and libraries are presented according to the type of artificial intelligence.
Les nouveaux mots dans le Petit Robert de la langue française 2021
Authors:   Aix-Marseille Université, Niklas-Salminen Aïno
Published: January 2024

The language dictionary does not only propose to make a description of the lexicon in the verbal performances of the speaking subjects, but also that of the attitudes of these speakers with regard to the types of spoken or written verbal behaviours. The dictionary is a place of reference, it describes its judgments of acceptability according to a cultural norm. The lexicographers of Le Petit Robert de la langue française 2021 insist on the evolution of the language that each new edition of the dictionary must take into account. They lead a fight against single thought and impoverished expression by offering a very broad vision of French practices ranging from abstract thought and contemporary techniques to the spontaneous expression of language uses. This article focuses on the new words present in the 2021 version of this dictionary. If we study the neologisms added to this glossary, we can see quite clearly in which directions the lexicon of the French language is evolving. Neology works on the new basis of a certain number of rules which are characterized by their greater or lesser productivity.
Désuétude et mots figés : quand les mots désuets et les sens vieillis ne disparaissent pas
Authors:   Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, Sène Rose
Published: January 2024

The words we use today reflect the history of our generation, just as those linked to a past context can bear its imprints. In any period, the words or expressions that we use are the mirror of our experience and our time. The fact remains that language has a memory. It certainly evolves at our own pace but sometimes retains turns that send us back to old uses. These are so called survivals when the word lost in usual use remains in a form isolated from the rest of the paradigm or when it is main‑ tained in a fixed expression which refers to an often enigmatic meaning because the word in question is unknown to the contemporary lexicon. These expressions are studied here in order to understand their connotations in the current language and to analyze the hidden meanings of the obsolete forms that compose them.
Performance of renin assays in selecting fludrocortisone dose in children with adrenal disorders
Authors: Morris Timothy J , Whatmore Andrew , Hamilton Laura , Hird Beverly , Kilpatrick Eric S , Tetlow Lesley , Clayton Peter
Published: January 2024

Children with salt-wasting adrenal insufficiency are managed with glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid replacement. Measurement of renin activity or concentration alongside blood electrolyte levels is used to monitor the adequacy of mineralocorticoid replacement. Our unit changed from using renin activity to renin concentration and carried out a service review to assess whether this influenced decision-making for fludrocortisone dosing. In total, 50 measurements of plasma renin activity and 50 of renin concentration were analysed on separate cohorts before and after the assay change, with values standardised to multiples of the upper limit of normal (MoU) to allow comparison between assays. We were more likely to increase the fludrocortisone dose for a raised renin concentration than a raised renin activity. The renin concentration MoU was more strongly related to plasma sodium (negatively) and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17α-OHP) (positively) than the renin activity MoU. Using a MoU cut-off of 1.5, a decision to increase the dose of fludrocortisone was more likely to be made when using the renin concentration assay compared with the activity assay. Using a cut-off of 40 nmol/L for 17α-OHP, a decision not to change the fludrocortisone dose when 17α-OHP was <40 was more likely when using the renin concentration assay. For both assays, a plasma sodium <140 mmol/L was more likely to lead to a fludrocortisone dose increase, and most likely for the renin concentration assay. Overall, the decision to adjust fludrocortisone dose in this cohort of children with adrenal insufficiency was better supported by the biochemical parameters when based on renin concentration results and clinical status.
Poziom wiedzy personelu pielęgniarskiego na temat Clostridioides difficile
Authors: Cichońska Małgorzata , Michalska Mariola , Maciąg Dorota , Borek Monika , Michalska Agnieszka , Cichońska Karolina
Published: January 2024

Wystąpienie zakażenia wywołanego przez Clostridioides difficile wymaga od personelu pielęgniarskiego szybkiej reakcji polegającej na wdrożeniu postępowania przeciwepidemicznego, wprowadzeniu procedury izolacji kontaktowej, umieszczeniu pacjenta w izolatce/sortowaniu pacjentów w sali z wydzielonym węzłem sanitarnym czy stosowaniu barierowych środków ochronnych. Jednak w celu skutecznego zapobiegania szerzeniu się zakażeń tym patogenem personel medyczny powinien mieć wiedzę na jego temat. Cel Celem niniejszych badań było określenie poziomu wiedzy pielęgniarek na temat zakażenia Clostridioides difficile. Materiał i metody W pracy wykorzystano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego, technikę ankietowania, a narzędziem badawczym był autorski kwestionariusz ankiety składający się z 30 pytań dotyczących wiedzy personelu pielęgniarskiego na temat Clostridioides difficile. Do oceny poziomu wiedzy użyto autorskiego klucza, według którego wiedzę respondentów oceniono przy 0–50% prawidłowych odpowiedzi jako niezadowalającą, przy 51–65% jako niską, przy 66–80% jako przeciętną, przy 81–90% jako wysoką, zaś powyżej 90% jako bardzo wysoką. Badanie przeprowadzono w okresie od 10.12.2022 r. do 30.01.2023 r. w jednym ze szpitali w regionie świętokrzyskim wśród 102 pielęgniarek i pielęgniarzy w wieku od 21 do 65 lat. Wyniki badań poddano analizie, wykorzystując w opracowaniu wartości liczbowe i procentowe, a zależności pomiędzy zmiennymi wykazane zostały z wykorzystaniem testu chi2. Wyniki 54,90% badanych pielęgniarek uzyskało bardzo wysoki poziom wiedzy, 30,39% wysoki, 10,79% przeciętny, 2,94% niski, natomiast 0,98% niezadawalający. Poziom wiedzy pielęgniarek nie był zależny od płci respondentów, ich wieku, stażu pracy, oddziału, w którym pracowali, ani wykształcenia. Wnioski Poziom wiedzy personelu pielęgniarskiego na temat Clostridioides difficile oceniono jako zadowalający. Najbardziej deficytowe okazały się zagadnienia dotyczące antybiotyku I rzutu w leczeniu oraz środków ostrożności podczas kontaktu z pacjentem zakażonym Clostridioides difficile.