Analysis of the Casual Factors of Musculoskeletal Disorders Complaints in Crane Operator Workers
Authors: Batubara Zsa Zsa Dwita Sari , Silaban Gerry , Syahri Isyatun Mardhiyah 
Published: August 2023

Abstrak
Gangguan muskuloskeletal menyebabkan kerusakan yang terjadi pada otot, tendon, ligamen, saraf perifer, sendi, tulang rawan dan/atau pembuluh darah pendukung. Kondisi tersebut diperburuk oleh keadaan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor penyebab terjadinya keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif analitik dan pendekatan cross-sectional. Besar sampel 63 orang dipilih dengan purposive sampling. Data keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner survei keluhan GOTRAK oleh SNI 9011:2021, penilaian postur kerja menggunakan SNI 9011:2021 Pengukuran dan evaluasi potensi bahaya ergonomi di tempat kerja, getaran menggunakan alat human vibration meter, aktifitas fisik menggunakan kuesioner PAL dan kelelahan menggunakan alat ukur reaction timer. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji spearman untuk melihat korelasi dan regresi linier berganda. Nilai koefisien postur kerja sebesar 0,264 p < 0,001, getaran sebesar 0,440 p < 0,001) berpengaruh positif terhadap gangguan muskuloskletal. Faktor risiko pekerjaan dengan gangguan muskuloskletal, interaksi getaran dengan aktifitas fisik memiliki nilai koefisien paling penting yaitu 3,128, diikuti oleh postur kerja dengan usia sebesar 0,250. Ada hubungan yang searah antara postur kerja dan getaran terhadap keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal serta semua faktor moderasi.
Kata kunci: gangguan muskuloskeletal, operator crane, postur kerja, getaran, GOTRAK
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders cause damage to muscles, tendons, ligaments, peripheral nerves, joints, cartilage, and supporting blood vessels. The condition is exacerbated by working conditions. This study aimed to analyze the factors that cause complaints of musculoskeletal disorders. This research was quantitative research with an analytic descriptive method with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 63 people was selected by purposive sampling. Data on complaints of musculoskeletal disorders were collected using the GOTRAK complaint survey questionnaire by SNI 9011:2021, assessment of work posture using SNI 9011:2021 Measurement and evaluation of potential ergonomic hazards in the workplace, vibration using the human vibration meter, physical activity using the PAL questionnaire, and fatigue using reaction timer measuring device. Data were analyzed using the Spearman test to see a correlation and multiple linear regression. The work posture coefficient 0.264 p<0.001, and vibration 0.440 p<0.001) had a positive effect on musculoskeletal disorders. The occupational risk factors with musculoskeletal disorders and vibration interactions with physical activity had the most important coefficient value of 3.128, followed by work posture with an age of 0.250. There is a direct correlation between work posture and vibration on complaints of musculoskeletal disorders and all moderating factors.
Keywords: musculoskeletal disorders, crane operators, work posture, vibration, GOTRAK