bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perjuangan Perempuan dalam Novel Para Pawestri Pejuang Karya Suparto Brata dan Novel God's Call Girl Karya Carla Van Raay (Kajian Sastra Bandingan)
Authors: Juliani Farahanna
Published: July 2019

Novel Para Pawestri Pejuang karya Suparto Brata dan novel God’s Callgirl karya Carla Van Raay memiliki kemiripan dalam bentuk perjuangan perempuan. Kedua novel tersebut akan dibedah menggunakan teori feminis liberal dari Naomi Wolf dan teori kajian sastra bandingan afinitas dari Suripan Sadi Hutomo. Fokus penelitian ini adalah bagaimana peran dan kedudukan perempuan dibidang ekonomi, penyampaian aspirasi dan berumah tangga dalam kedua novel tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bentuk peran dan kedudukan perempuan dibidang ekonomi, penyampaian aspirasi dan berumah tangga. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, instrumen penelitian adalah peneliti itu sendiri, teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik pustaka, teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik deskriptif, dan menggunakan teknik triangulasi waktu untuk teknik pengujian keabsahan data. Hasil penelitian menyatakan terdapat perbedaan bentuk perjuangan dibidang ekonomi, penyampaian aspirasi dan berumah dikarenakan faktor budaya yang mempengaruhinya yaitu budaya Jawa dan budaya Australia.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar (LKS) Bergambar Menulis Teks Prosedur Kompleks Siswa MTs Kelas VIII MIftahul Ulum Pamekasan Madura
Authors: Sofiatun Sofiatun , Ridlwan M.
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu (1) mendeskripsikan pengembangan LKS teks  prosedur kompleks untuk siswa MTs kelas VIII, (2) Mendeskripsikan efektifitas LKS teks prosedur kompleks untuk siswa MTs kelas VIII, dan (3) Mendeskripsikan kepraktisan LKS teks prosedur kompleks untuk siswa MTs kelas VIII. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D), yaitu survei pendahuluan, awal pengembangan prototipe, desain produk, validasi produk, revisi desain, dan deskripsi hasil penelitian. Subjek penelitian ini adalah bahan ajar LKS menulis teks prosedur kompleks. Sumber data validasi prototipe bahan ajar adalah guru bahasa indonesia kelas VIII dan ahli bahan ajar. Dari  kedua orang ahli bahan ajar yang menilai bahan ajar LKS menulis teks prosedur kompleks, yaitu (1) aspek penyajian sampul (cover) dalam kategori “Baik”, (2) aspek isi/materi dari ahli bahan ajar   mendapatkan skor rata-rata dalam kategori “Baik”, (3) aspek kebahasaan dan keterbacaan mendapatkan skor rata-rata dalam kategori “Baik”. Sedangkan dari ahli pengguna, dari (1) aspek sampul (cover) dari ahli pengguna mendapatkan skor rata-rata dalam kategori “Baik”, (2) aspek Isi/materi ahli pengguna mendapatkan skor rata-rata dalam kategori “Baik”, dan (3) aspek kebahasaan ahli pengguna  mendapatkan skor rata-rata dalam kategori “Baik”.
The Effect of Principal Behaviors on Student, Teacher, and School Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Empirical Literature
Authors: Liebowitz David D. , Porter Lorna
Published: July 2019

Principals are understood to be critical actors in improving teaching and learning conditions in schools; however, relatively little is known about the leadership strategies to which principals should dedicate their time and effort to improve outcomes. We review the empirical literature from 51 studies of principal behaviors and student, teacher, and school outcomes and conduct a meta-analysis of these relationships. Our analysis has three central findings: (1) we find direct evidence of the relationship between principal behaviors and student achievement (0.08–0.16 SD), teacher well-being (0.34–0.38 SD), teacher instructional practices (0.35 SD), and school organizational health (0.72–0.81 SD); (2) we highlight the importance of principal behaviors beyond instructional management as potential tools to improve student achievement outcomes; and (3) the preceding findings are based almost entirely on observational studies because the causal evidence base on school leadership behaviors is nonexistent. We argue our findings suggest value in investing in school leadership capacities. We conclude by discussing opportunities to improve the quality of future research examining the relationship between principal behaviors and student, teacher, and school outcomes.
Pengembangan Destinasi Wisata Keraton Yogyakarta
Authors: Tong Topwan
Published: July 2019

The purpose of observation on the development of tourist destinations Kraton Yogyakarta is to determine the readiness and strategies undertaken in the face of the Palace Yogyakarta MEA (ASEAN Economy Community) in 2015, namely by increasing the potential that exists in the Kraton Yogyakarta such as historical and cultural heritage, as well as the hospitality of its people to be developed be a force in the tourism sector. Add to public knowledge about the condition attractions, manners, and mastery of the English language for a tour guide as capital to communicate with foreign tourists. Kraton Yogyakarta is a tourist attraction that must be maintained and enhanced its potential to compete face MEA in 2015. Kraton Yogyakarta is also a major part in the effort to preserve Javanese cultur, which not only performs the role of culture but also a social role through interaction with the community.
KORELASI PENGUASAAN MATERI PEMBELAJARAN OLEH GURU DENGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA MATA PELAJARAN ADMINISTRASI PERKANTORAN DI SMK PELITA BOGOR
Authors: Arsyad Arsyad
Published: July 2019

penelitaian ini meneliti tentang korelasi persepsi siswa tentang penguasaan materi guru Mata Pelajaran Administrasi Perkantoran Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Administrasi Perkantoran di SMK Pelita Ciampea Kabupaten Bogor. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sampel karena responden yang berjumlah 57 siswa diambil dari 30 % jumlah populasinya yaitu 191 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode angket atau kuesioner untuk memperoleh data variabel X yaitu penilaian siswa terhadap penguasaan guru tentang materi pelajaran administrasi perkantoran dan begitupun dengan variabel Y yaitu motivasi belajar siswa administrasi perkantoran. Adapun perolehan frekuensi variabel X dengan skor tertinggi 91 dan skor terendah 55, diperoleh rata-rata(mean) 77,39 median 78,9 dan modus 80,9, sedangkan untuk variabel Y skor tertinggi 87 dan skor terendah 56, diperoleh rata-rata (mean) 69,26 median 71,03 dan modus 73. Terdapat atau ada hubungan positif antara penilaian siswa terhadap penguasaan guru tentang materi pelajaran administrasi perkantoran dan motivasi belajar siswa administrasi perkantoran kelas XII Administrasi Perkantoran di SMK Pelita Ciampea Kabupaten Bogor. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan derajat kebebasan (dk) = N – 2 dan α = 0,05 sebesar 2,000 thitung (4,5961) > ttabel (2,000) maka koefisien korelasi adalah signifikan, nilai r hitung adalah 0,5271 sedangkan r tabel adalah 0,266 dengan batas signifikan 5 % artinya nilai r hitung lebih besar dari r tabel yakni 0,5271 > 0,266 Dengan demikian hasilnya dinyatakan signifikan dan hipotesis yang diajukan diterima
Does 1 + 1 = 2nd? The relations between children’s understanding of ordinal position and their arithmetic performance
Authors: Cheung Chi Ngai , Lourenco Stella
Published: July 2019

The current study examined the relations between 5- and 6-year-olds’ understanding of ordinality and their mathematical competence. We focused specifically on “positional operations,” a property of ordinality not contingent on magnitude, in an effort to better understand the unique contributions of position-based ordinality to math development. Our findings revealed that two types of positional operations—the ability to execute representational movement along letter sequences and the ability to update ordinal positions after item insertion or removal—predicted children’s arithmetic performance. Nevertheless, these positional operations did not mediate the relation between magnitude processing (as measured by the acuity of the approximate number system) and arithmetic performance. Taken together, these findings suggest a unique role for positional ordinality in math development. We suggest that positional ordinality may aid children in their mental organization of number symbols, which may facilitate solving arithmetic computations and may support the development of novel numerical concepts.
Biological Management of Aphids by Coccinellid Species
Authors: Maharjan B. , Kunwar B. , Thapa R. B.
Published: July 2019

Available with full text.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) - Based Diagnosis of Huanglongbing (Citrus Greening) Disease in Salyan District of Nepal
Authors: Chhetri S B , Shrestha M. , Shrestha S.
Published: July 2019

Available with full text.
Conservation Agriculture Technologies Increase Productivity and Profitability of Cereal Based Farming System in Eastern Plains of Nepal
Authors: Pokharel D , Jha R. K. , Tiwari T. P. , Ghatala M. K. , Shrestha H. K. , Panday D.
Published: July 2019

Available with full text.
Impacts of Climate Change on Livelihood and its Adaptation Needs
Authors: Thakur S. B. , Bajagain A.
Published: July 2019

Available with full text.
A PEÇA DE TEATRO CIENTÍFICO O MÁGICO DE O2 E SUAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA O ENSINO DE QUÍMICA
Authors: Valério Jéssica Santos , Silva Lucas César da , Oliveira Jane Raquel Silva de
Published: July 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as contribuições para o ensino de química da peça de teatro científico O Mágico de O2. A peça possui enredo inspirado em uma obra literária clássica e experimentos químicos atrativos, e foi apresentada para estudantes de ensino médio e de ensino fundamental. Os dados para esta pesquisa foram obtidos em duas etapas: entrevistas com alunos após a apresentação da peça; e aplicação em sala de aula de um questionário sobre os experimentos. Os resultados evidenciaram que o teatro científico possibilita: ampliar o universo cultural dos espectadores, promover motivação e envolvimento dos alunos com experimentos químicos, favorecer a relação entre aspectos fenomenológicos e teóricos da química, estimular o uso e apropriação da linguagem química, e identificar falhas conceituais no pensamento do aluno.
PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN DAPAT MEMPENGARUHI PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP PRA REMAJA MENGHADAPI MENARCHE
Authors: Mualifah Laily , Pangastuti Nuring , Purwanta Purwanta
Published: July 2019

Menarche and menstruation is a physiological process that can cause physical discomfort, emotional and anxiety. SDN in Cluster 3 and 4 Districts Nanggulan there were 10 grade 5 and 6 are not yet menarche say not know about menarche and menstruation and not knowing what to do when menstruation occurs. This happens because there is no health education about menstruation health in the scope of elementary school. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of health education with group discussion and lecture method to the knowledge, attitudes pre teens to face of menarche. Methods: This study is quasy-experiment with approaches pre test-post test control group design. Subjects were 5th and 6th grade students of elementary school at Cluster 3 and 4 Districts Nanggulan Kulon Progo with as many as 111 (discussion method,n = 55 and lecture method,n = 56) who met the inclusion criteria. The instrument used questionnaire. The sampling technique purposive sampling. Statistical test using Friedman test, Wilcoxon test and Mann-Whitney Test. Results: Scores of knowledge and attitudes before and after treatment there were significant differences in group discussions and lectures with the p=0,00 (p <0.05). Increased knowledge and attitude scores in both groups were significantly different at p=0,00 dan p=0,02 (p <0.05). The increase in effective knowledge and attitude scores on the method of discussion on the first day, the third and fourteenth after health education. Conclusion: Health education with discussion method is more effective than lecture group in increasing knowledge and changing attitudes in the pra-puberty facing menarche.

Keywords: health education, group discussion method, menarche
Stock Selection dan Market Timing Ability Reksa Dana Syariah Saham di Indonesia
Authors: Sabila Fadiyah Hani
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research is to know investment manager’s ability on stock selection and market timing of Indonesia sharia equity mutual funds on 2015-2017. Number of sample that use in this research is 15 sample with purposive sampling method. Data analysis technique used is Treynor-Mazuy condition regression model using panel data. This research method using panel data analysis test that is test Chow, Hausman, and Lagrange Multiplier. The result showed that the model chosen is a random effect models. F test and T test results indicate that investment manager’s of Indonesia sharia equity mutual funds have stock selection and market timing ability.
Presencia de micotoxinas en preparados y colados comerciales para lactantes en el área metropolitana de Asunción, Paraguay
Authors: Arrúa Andrea Alejandra , Arrúa Pablo David , Mendes Juliana Moura , Ferreira Francisco Paulo , Fernández Ríos Danilo , Ulke María Gabriela , Quezada Martha Yolanda , Moreno Lara Josefina , Cazal Cinthia , Pereira Mónica Belén , Mellid Marcos , Peralta López Inocencia , Kholi Man Mohan
Published: July 2019

Introducción: Las micotoxicosis son enfermedades producidas por micotoxinas, metabolitos secundarios tóxicos producidos por hongos filamentosos. Los lactantes son especialmente susceptibles a este tipo de toxinas debido a la inmadurez anatómica y funcional de sus sistemas digestivo e inmune, lo que se refleja en la relación entre la cantidad de alimento ingerida y su peso.

Objetivo: Determinar la presencia de micotoxinas en alimentos para lactantes comercializados en farmacias y supermercados del Área Metropolitana.

Materiales y métodos: Se colectaron al azar 66 unidades de productos de seis marcas diferentes de preparados y colados comerciales importados, dulces y salados, de farmacias y supermercados del Área Metropolitana. Posteriormente, fueron analizados mediante el ensayo de inmunoafinidad ligado a enzimas (ELISA). Se realizó el análisis de varianza y la posterior comparación de medias de las concentraciones de micotoxinas mediante la prueba de Tukey (IC= 95%), con el estadístico InfoStat®.

Resultados: Las micotoxinas prevalentes fueron aflatoxinas (AF) y Toxina T2, que se presentaron en 39% de las unidades muestrales analizadas, tanto en preparados como en colados. En tercer orden de importancia se encuentra ocratoxina A (OTA), detectada en 18% de las mismas. En cuarto lugar, deoxinivalenol (DON) se detectó en 4% los productos. Se presentaron diferencias significativas entre los preparados y los colados, siendo los colados los que en media presentaron niveles más altos de concentraciones de todas las micotoxinas estudiadas.

Conclusiones: Se constataron niveles variables de AF, OTA, T2 y DON en los alimentos para lactantes comercializados en el Área Metropolitana. Los colados presentaron concentraciones más elevadas de micotoxinas en media en todos los productos analizados. Tanto AF como OTA superaron los límites máximos permitidos por las normas internacionales.

Correspondencia: Andrea Alejandra Arrúa Correo: aaarrua@gmail.com

Conflicto de interés: Man Mohan Kholi, asesor científico de la Cámara Paraguaya de Exportadores y Comercializadores de Cereales y Oleaginosas; los demás autores declaran no tener conflicto de interés.

Recibido: 30/03/2019 Aprobado: 17/07/2019
Ascaris Lumbricoides: complicaciones cardíacas y resolución quirúrgica de urgencia
Authors: Garay Nancy , Caballero Rocio , Alvarez Soledad , Meza Esther , Melgarejo Marcos , Bellasai José
Published: July 2019

Introducción: La parasitosis intestinal por Geohelmintiasis es una de las Enfermedades Infecciosas Desatendidas (OMS), que afecta a poblaciones vulnerables. Existen factores predisponentes como: condiciones precarias de vivienda, bajos ingresos económicos y nivel educativo deficiente.  De los helmintos, el Ascaris lumbricoides es el más grande nematodo intestinal en humanos -alcanza hasta 40 centímetros-. La presentación clínica depende del grado de infestación variando desde anemia, astenia, pérdida de peso, hasta invasión interna de órganos blancos como hígado, pulmones, cerebro y corazón en casos extremos. Caso Clínico: Niña de 16 meses de edad, con historia de fiebre prolongada y expulsión espontánea de parásitos por orificio naturales, que llega al servicio de urgencias con síntomas de shock cardiorrespiratorio. Se realiza Ecocardiográfía visualizándose imágenes de cuerpos extraños en forma de cintas y con movimientos espontáneos, compatibles con parásitos de localización cardíaca (2 en aurícula y ventrículo derecho y 1 cabalgando las arterias pulmonares); en el seguimiento ecocardiográfico se constatan múltiples trombos a lo largo del parásito localizado en aurícula derecha y, que dada la gravedad del cuadro se determinó su extracción quirúrgica de urgencia. Se extrajeron 4 parásitos adultos,y, coágulos adherido a uno de ellos. Discusión: El estudio parasitológico y anatomopatológico concluyó que correspondían a hembras adultas de Ascaris lumbricoides. Alta al 8° día post-operatorio en buenas condiciones. Aunque este caso fue exitoso, las complicaciones cardiacas e infecciones sistémicas graves, son de alta morbi-mortalidad, que pueden evitarse con programas de desparasitación y reducción de carga parasitaria mediante mejoras en el saneamiento ambiental y educación sanitaria. A nuestro conocimiento este es el primer caso reportado en el mundo, de extracción de Ascaris Lumbricoides formas adultas del Corazón humano.

Correspondencia: Garay Nancy Correo: nancygareche@hotmail.com

Conflicto de interés: Los autores declaran no poseer conflicto de interés

Recibido: 28/12/2018   Aceptado: 20/06/2019
Analisis Penentuan Wilayah Manajemen Kebakaran Berdasarkan Waktu Tanggap (Response Time) di Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: Hirsan Fariz Primadi , Sushanti Ima Rahmawati
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menentukan sesuatu penentuan penanganan kebakaran berdasarkan wilayah manajmen kebakaran yang didasarkan dalam waktu tanggap (response time) Instansi Pemadam Kebakaran (IPK). Oleh karana itu perlu disususn sebuah pendekatan proteksi kebakaran yang memanfaatkan suatu pengelolaan dengan bassis wilayah, sehingga kejadian kebakaran dapat di tanggulangi dan meminimalisir kerugian yang di timbulkan. Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan analisis fisik spatial dan analisis regulasi terkait proyeksi kebakaran. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menentapkan 8 wilayah manajmen kebakaran di kabupaten lombok timur berdasarkan indikator kewilayahannya sehingga diharapkan penanganan kebakaran dikabupaten lombok timur dapat ditangani dengan optimal
Kajian Terhadap Kebijakan Pembangunan Infrakstruktur Jl. Gajahmada Mataram Dengan Metode Analityc Hierarchy Proses
Authors: Partono Agus , Wahyuningsih Titik
Published: July 2019

Pembangunan infakstruktur Jalan Gajahmada Mataram yang baru saja selesai dilaksanakan, telah dirasakan manfaantnya, namun juga menimbulkan pro dan kontra karena kebijakan yang menetapkan desain elevasi permukaan jalan dan jembatan menjadi lebih tinggi mulai 50 CM sampai 3 meter dari kondisi semula.Dengan metode analytic hierarchy proses penentuan kebijakan tersebut dianalisis dan dinialai dari 8 kriteria yang lazim dipergunakan yaitu kriteria teknis (3), non teknis (4) dan biaya biaya (1). Penilaian melalui kuisioner oleh responden yang berasal dari tokoh masyarakat sekitar, pimpinan dari dinas PU (Bina Marga), para dosen pengampu bidang jalan raya, pimpinan asosiasi HPJI dan tenaga ahli konsultan yang sering merencanakan jalan.Hasil analisis perbandingan seluruh kriteria yang ditinjau diperoleh bahwa desain elevasi permukaan jalan tinggi lebih unggul dibanding  dengan desain elevasi permukaan jalan rendah, hal ini ditunjukan dari hasil pembobotan untuk desain elevasi  tinggi mencapai bobot sebesar (0,574), sementara bobot untuk desain elevasi rendah sebesar (0,426).
Immuno-regulatory and anti-inflammatory actions of phycocyanin on Caco-2/U937 cells co-culture as a model of the intestinal barrier
Authors: Yoshimoto Sanae , Okada Keiko , Hayashi Osamu
Published: July 2019

Background: Phycocyanin, a photosynthetic pigment protein of cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis, has been used as a health or functional food because of its health promoting and medicinal effects such as its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anticancer effects.Methods: Under the co-culture system using a human colorectal cancer cell line, Caco-2 cells, and differentiated U937 macrophages in the presence of sodium butyrate (SB) and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), immune-regulatory and anti-inflammatory activities of phycocyanin were examined.Results: Phycocyanin attenuated a certain damage in the tight junction of co-cultured Caco-2 cells induced by LPS in the presence of SB, and suppressed IL-6 and IL-8 and conversely enhanced TGF-β1 productions. Phagocytic and bactericidal abilities of the differentiated U937 cells were also regulated under the co-cultivation.Conclusions: Phycocyanin contributes to protecting against inflammation and to regulating macrophages in the mucosal immune responses partly through release of cytokines in the presence of butyrate.Keywords: Spirulina, phycocyanin, Caco-2 cells, U937 cells, IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β1
Education for information in Portugal: Evolution, institutional context and some reflections
Authors: Ribeiro Fernanda , Pestana Olívia
Published: July 2019

This article starts by a brief overview of the evolution of education in Information Science in Portugal. After, there is a description of the paradigm shift and the significant changes caused by the impact of social, economic, cultural and technological conditions of the information era as well as the emergence of Information Science as an academic field and a new education model in accordance to it. The current situation of IS in the academic context is analysed and some final reflections are exposed in a prospective view towards the next future.
Adverse Vascular Risk Relates to Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker Evidence of Axonal Injury in the Presence of Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology
Authors: Osborn Katie E. , Alverio Jonathan M. , Dumitrescu Logan , Pechman Kimberly R. ,   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Gifford Katherine A. , Hohman Timothy J. , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Jefferson Angela L.
Published: July 2019

Background:

Vascular risk factors promote cerebral small vessel disease and neuropathological changes, particularly in white matter where large-caliber axons are located. How Alzheimer’s disease pathology influences the brain’s vulnerability in this regard is not well understood.

Objective:

Systemic vascular risk was assessed in relation to cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of neurofilament light, a biomarker of large-caliber axonal injury, evaluating for interactions by clinical and protein markers of Alzheimer’s disease.

Methods:

Among Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative participants with normal cognition ( n = 117), mild cognitive impairment ( n = 190), and Alzheimer’s disease ( n = 95), linear regression related vascular risk (as measured by the modified Framingham Stroke Risk Profile) to neurofilament light, adjusting for age, sex, education, and cognitive diagnosis. Interactions were assessed by cognitive diagnosis, and by cerebrospinal fluid markers of Aβ42, hyperphosphorylated tau, and total tau.

Results:

Vascular risk and neurofilament light were not related in the main effect model ( p = 0.08). However, interactions emerged for total tau ( p = 0.01) and hyperphosphorylated tau ( p = 0.002) reflecting vascular risk becoming more associated with cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light in the context of greater concentrations of tau biomarkers. An interaction also emerged for the Alzheimer’s disease biomarker profiles ( p = 0.046) where in comparison to the referent ‘normal’ biomarker group, individuals with abnormal levels of both Aβ42 and total tau showed stronger associations between vascular risk and neurofilament light.

Conclusion:

Older adults may be more vulnerable to axonal injury in response to higher vascular risk burdens in the context of concomitant Alzheimer’s disease pathology.
Orthostatic Hypotension: An Important Risk Factor for Clinical Progression to Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia. The Amsterdam Dementia Cohort
Authors: Kleipool Emma E.F. , Trappenburg Marijke C. , Rhodius-Meester Hannke F.M. , Lemstra Afina W. , van der Flier Wiesje M. , Peters Mike J.L. , Muller Majon
Published: July 2019

Background:

Orthostatic hypotension (OH) has been cross-sectionally and longitudinally related to dementia in the general population. Whether OH contributes to clinical progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia is less certain. Also, differences in risk of progression between patients with early OH (EOH) versus delayed and/or prolonged OH (DPOH) are unclear.

Objective:

Assess the prevalence of EOH and DPOH, investigate the longitudinal association between EOH and DPOH and either incident MCI or dementia.

Methods:

1,882 patients from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort [64±8 years; 43% female; n = 500 with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), n = 341 MCI, n = 758 Alzheimer’s disease (AD), n = 49 vascular dementia (VaD), n = 146 frontotemporal dementia (FTD), n = 88 Lewy body dementia (DLB)]. Definition OH: systolic blood pressure (BP) drop≥20 mmHg and/or a diastolic BP drop≥10 mmHg at 1 and/or 3 minutes after standing. EOH: OH only at 1 minute, DPOH: OH at (1 and) 3 minutes.

Results:

Prevalence OH: 19% SCD, 28% MCI, 41% dementia. Compared to SCD, odds of having OH were highest in patients with VaD and DLB; ORs (95% CI) were 2.6 (1.4–4.7) and 5.1 (3.1–8.4), respectively. After a mean (SD) follow-up of 2.2 (1.4) years, 105 (22%) of SCD or MCI patients showed clinical progression. Compared to patients without OH, those with DPOH had an increased risk of progression; hazard ratio (95% CI) was 1.7 (1.1–2.7), and those with EOH did not; 0.8 (0.3–1.9).

Conclusion:

Compared to SCD, prevalence of OH was higher in MCI and highest in dementia, particularly in VaD and DLB. DPOH, more likely associated with autonomic dysfunction, is a risk factor for incident MCI or dementia.
Midlife Hypertension and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lennon Matthew J. , Makkar Steve R. , Crawford John D. , Sachdev Perminder S.
Published: July 2019

Background:

Hypertension is an established risk factor for stroke and vascular dementia but recent meta-analyses examining the association between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and hypertension have found no significant association. These meta-analyses included short term studies starting in late life which may have obscured the real effect of midlife hypertension.

Objective:

To examine the association of AD with midlife hypertension, by including only studies with a sufficiently long follow up duration.

Methods:

Relevant studies were found by searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed. Study outcomes were grouped by measures of blood pressure and definition of hypertension (e.g., systolic hypertension > 140 mmHg or > 160 mmHg). We assessed pooled effect estimates using random effects models and heterogeneity of pooled estimates through the I2 statistic.

Results:

Literature search found 3,426 publications of which 7 were eligible studies. There was a significant association between systolic hypertension (>160 mm Hg) and AD (HR 1.25, 95CI 1.06 – 1.47, p = 0.0065). Similarly, for systolic hypertension > 140 mm Hg, there was a smaller but still significant association (HR 1.18, 95CI 1.02 – 1.35, p = 0.021). For diastolic hypertension, all four studies found no significant associations between diastolic hypertension and AD, and these data could not be pooled due to heterogeneity in reporting.

Conclusions:

Our study found that midlife stage 1 and stage 2 systolic hypertension is associated with increased risk of AD by 18 and 25%, respectively, although no association was found for diastolic hypertension. It is likely that assertive control of systolic hypertension starting in midlife is important to preventing AD.
APOE ɛ4 Carriers Show Delayed Recovery of Verbal Memory and Smaller Entorhinal Volume in the First Year After Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Werden Emilio , Khlif Mohamed Salah , Bird Laura J. , Cumming Toby , Bradshaw Jennifer , Khan Wasim , Pase Matthew , Restrepo Carolina , Veldsman Michele , Egorova Natalia , Patel Sheila K. , Gottlieb Elie , Brodtmann Amy
Published: July 2019

Background:

The apolipoprotein E ( APOE) gene ɛ4 allele is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease and cardiovascular disease. However, its relationship with cognition and brain volume after stroke is not clear.

Objective:

We compared cognition and medial temporal lobe volumes in APOE ɛ4 carriers and non-carriers in the first year after ischemic stroke.

Methods:

We sampled 20 APOE ɛ4 carriers and 20 non-carriers from a larger cohort of 135 ischemic stroke participants in the longitudinal CANVAS study. Participants were matched on a range of demographic and stroke characteristics. We used linear mixed-effect models to compare cognitive domain z-scores (attention, processing speed, executive function, verbal and visual memory, language, visuospatial function) and regional medial temporal lobe volumes (hippocampal, entorhinal cortex) between groups at each time-point (3, 12-months post-stroke), and within groups across time-points. APOE gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs7412, rs429358) were genotyped on venous blood.

Results:

APOE ɛ4 carriers and non-carriers did not differ on any demographic, clinical, or stroke variable. Carriers performed worse than non-carriers in verbal memory at 3 months post-stroke ( p = 0.046), but were better in executive function at 12 months ( p = 0.035). Carriers demonstrated a significant improvement in verbal memory ( p = 0.012) and executive function ( p = 0.015) between time-points. Non-carriers demonstrated a significant improvement in visual memory ( p = 0.0005). Carriers had smaller bilateral entorhinal cortex volumes ( p < 0.05), and larger right sided and contralesional hippocampal volumes, at both time-points ( p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

APOE ɛ4 is associated with delayed recovery of verbal memory function and reduced entorhinal cortex volumes in the first year after ischemic stroke.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Indians: A Multiethnic Perspective from a Singaporean Study
Authors: Wong Mark Yu Zheng , Tan Chuen Seng , Venketasubramanian Narayanaswamy , Chen Christopher , Ikram M.K. , Cheng Ching-Yu , Hilal Saima
Published: July 2019

Background:

Dementia is the leading cause of dependency and disability among older persons worldwide. There remains, however, limited studies on dementia rates within the Asia-Pacific region, with little data on differences across major Asian ethnic groups.

Objective:

To study the prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) and dementia in community-dwelling Indians from Singapore and to examine interethnic differences among Chinese, Malays, and Indians.

Methods:

Participants (>60 years) drawn from the Indian component of the multiethnic Epidemiology of Dementia in Singapore (EDIS) study were screened using the locally validated Abbreviated Mental Test and Progressive Forgetfulness Questionnaire. Screen-positive participants underwent further detailed neuropsychological assessments. CI was classified into Cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND)-mild, CIND-moderate, and dementia.

Results:

Of 961 Indian adults, 120 (12.5%) had CIND-mild, 101 (10.5%) CIND-moderate, and 12 (1.2%) dementia. The overall age-standardized prevalence of any CI was 24.6%. The prevalence of any CI increased with age (15.7% in ages 60–64 years to 30.1% in ages≥80 years), and was higher in women than men. Multivariate analysis showed that age, lower education, and hypertension were independently associated with CI. Even after demographic and cardiovascular risk factor adjustment, Indians were more likely to be cognitively impaired compared to Chinese (odds ratio [OR], 95% CI:1.37 [ 1.01–1.86 ]) but not Malays (0.89 [0.72–1.10]).

Conclusions:

Among elderly Indians, the overall prevalence of any CI was 24.6%. Despite similar assessment protocols and risk factor adjustments, the prevalence of CI was higher in Indians compared to Chinese but similar to Malays. Further research is needed to unravel other factors that may underlie these ethnic differences.
Frailty in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Smith Natalie , Brennan Laura , Gaunt Daisy M. , Ben-Shlomo Yoav , Henderson Emily
Published: July 2019

Background:

Parkinson’s disease (PD) and frailty are two conditions that are increasingly common with advancing age, yet little is known about their relationship.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to examine the co-occurrence of frailty in people with PD; to describe the measures used to assess frailty in PD, and assess the prevalence of frailty in subjects with PD.

Methods:

We conducted a systematic review of Pubmed and Embase in April 2018. Studies that assessed frailty in subjects with PD were included in the review and data was extracted on the prevalence of frailty in subjects with PD. Due to heterogeneity of studies a meta-analysis was not performed.

Results:

Eight studies were included in the review, of which 7 were cross-sectional and 1 a prospective cohort study. Mean age of participants with PD in the studies ranged from 66 to 85 years. The majority (6/8) used the 5-item, Fried criteria to measure frailty, with the remainder using index-based measures. 5 studies provided data on the prevalence of frailty in PD, which ranged from 29% to 67%.

Conclusions:

Few studies have quantified the prevalence of frailty in PD, but those that have suggest a high concurrence of these two conditions.
The Qualification of an Enrichment Biomarker for Clinical Trials Targeting Early Stages of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Stephenson Diane , Hill Derek , Cedarbaum Jesse M. , Tome Maria , Vamvakas Spiros , Romero Klaus , Conrado Daniela J. , Dexter David T. , Seibyl John , Jennings Danna , Nicholas Timothy , Matthews Dawn , Xie Zhiyong , Imam Syed , Maguire Paul , Russell David , Gordon Mark Forrest , Stebbins Glenn T. , Somer Ed , Gallagher Jill , Roach Arthur , Basseches Peter , Grosset Donald , Marek Kenneth ,   on behalf of the Critical Path for Parkinson’s Consortium
Published: July 2019

As therapeutic trials target early stages of Parkinson’s disease (PD), appropriate patient selection based purely on clinical criteria poses significant challenges. Members of the Critical Path for Parkinson’s Consortium formally submitted documentation to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) supporting the use of Dopamine Transporter (DAT) neuroimaging in early PD. Regulatory documents included a comprehensive literature review, a proposed analysis plan of both observational and clinical trial data, and an assessment of biomarker reproducibility and reliability. The research plan included longitudinal analysis of the Parkinson Research Examination of CEP-1347 Trial (PRECEPT) and the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) study to estimate the degree of enrichment achieved and impact on future trials in subjects with early motor PD. The presence of reduced striatal DAT binding based on visual reads of single photon emission tomography (SPECT) scans in early motor PD subjects was an independent predictor of faster decline in UPDRS Parts II and III as compared to subjects with scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD) over 24 months. The EMA issued in 2018 a full Qualification Opinion for the use of DAT as an enrichment biomarker in PD trials targeting subjects with early motor symptoms. Exclusion of SWEDD subjects in future clinical trials targeting early motor PD subjects aims to enrich clinical trial populations with idiopathic PD patients, improve statistical power, and exclude subjects who are unlikely to progress clinically from being exposed to novel test therapeutics.
Fetal myelomeningocele diagnosed in the antenatal period: Maternal-fetal characteristics and their relationship with pregnancy decision-making
Authors: Munoz J.L. , Bishop CNM E. , Reider M. , Radeva M. , Hsich G. , Singh K.
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND:

Spina bifida is the most common fetal anomaly of the central nervous system, which affects approximately 1:1000 live births in the United States. Myelomeningocele (MMC) is the most common presentation of spina bifida, representing half of these cases. Given the deformation to the spinal cord and the nerve roots, this defect may result in significant morbidity to infants and major life-long disabilities. In this study we aimed to identify maternal and fetal characteristics associated with expectant management or termination of pregnancy in the setting of antenatally diagnosed MMC. We hypothesized that the level of the defect would correlate with patient’s decision to continue the pregnancy.

METHODS:

A retrospective cohort analysis was performed with patients who had presented to the Cleveland Clinic Fetal Care Center between 2005–2017.

RESULTS:

Our data showed 36% of patients with antenatal diagnosis of MMC elected for second trimester terminations versus 64% who chose to continue their pregnancy and deliver either by cesarean section or vaginal delivery. Based on ultrasound findings, there were no significant differences between these two groups. Maternal body mass index was significantly higher in those who continued pregnancies ( p = 0.036). In addition, the fetal diagnostic methods chosen by patients were significantly different. Those who elected to terminate were more likely to pursue amniocentesis ( p = 0.03) and less likely to opt for MRI characterization of the fetus ( p = 0.007).

CONCLUSION:

We conclude, in the setting of fetal MMC diagnosed during pregnancy, patients often rely less on the associated ultrasonographic findings. Personal decisions likely influence the choice of other fetal diagnostic modalities. Other than BMI, we did not see an association between maternal factors and decisions regarding second trimester pregnancy termination.
Pentraxin 3 as a novel diagnostic marker in neonatal sepsis
Authors: Fahmey S.S. , Mostafa N.
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND:

Neonatal sepsis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. As clinical manifestations of neonatal sepsis are nonspecific, early diagnosis and treatment remain a challenge. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute-phase protein secreted by various cells in response to the proinflammatory signals. Our aim was to investigate the diagnostic value of PTX3 in neonatal sepsis.

METHODS:

We studied 90 neonates; 60 with culture-proven sepsis and 30 healthy neonates as a control group. Serum levels of PTX 3 were measured by ELISA.

RESULTS:

Neonates with sepsis had significantly higher levels of PTX 3 as compared to controls ( p < 0.001). Diagnostic cutoff value of PTX 3 was 5.6 μg/L with a sensitivity of 98.3% and a specificity of 96.7%. PTX 3 was significantly increased in nonsurvivors when compared to survivors ( p < 0.001). PTX3 had better sensitivity when compared with CRP.

CONCLUSION:

PTX 3 could be used as a new biomarker of neonatal sepsis with high sensitivity and specificity.
Korelasi Kapasitas Vital Paru dengan Prestasi Atlet Di Sekolah Olahraga Nasional Sriwijaya Palembang
Authors: Tanzila Raden Ayu , Febriani Ratika
Published: July 2019

Prestasi olahraga memiliki nilai yang sangat tinggi bagi suatu bangsa. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi prestasi olahraga antara lain daya tahan, kekuatan, frekuensi latihan serta daya ledak. Dengan frekuensi latihan yang baik dan teratur, maka fungsi paru akan semakin maksimal dan diharapkan prestasi atlet akan semakin meningkat. Kapasitas vital paru adalah udara maksimal yang dapat dikeluarkan seseorang dari paru-paru setelah inspirasi maksimal. Bagi seorang atlet memiliki fungsi paru yang baik sangatlah penting, karena dapat memiliki daya tahan yang stabil pada saat bertanding sehingga mempengaruhi performa dan prestasi atlet. Salah satu indicator fungsi paru seseorang adalah kapasitas vital paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui korelasi kapasitas vital paru dengan prestasi atlet di Sekolah Olahraga Nasional Sriwijaya Palembang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional yang dilaksanakan pada November 2018. Sampel pada penelitian ini diambil secara total sampling pada seluruh atlet dari cabang olahraga renang, voli dan bela diri di Sekolah Olahraga Nasional Sriwijaya Palembang sebanyak 57 sampel. Fungsi paru diukur menggunakan Spirometri sebanyak 3 kali dan diambil hasil yang terbaik. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rerata kapasitas vital paru pada atlet cabang olahraga renang adalah 4450 ml, bela diri sebesar 4005 ml dan bola voli sebesar 3632 ml. Hasil uji korelasi didapatkan korelasi positif kapasitas vital paru dengan prestasi atlet renang, voli dan beladiri dengan nilai p masing-masing 0,7, 0,2 dan 0,3. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif kuat kapasitas vital paru dengan prestasi atlet cabang olahraga renang sertaterdapat korelasi positif lemah kapasitas vital paru dengan prestasi atlet cabang olahraga bela diri dan voli.
СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНА ДОЦІЛЬНІСТЬ УПРАВЛІННЯ ФІНАНСОВО-ВИРОБНИЧИМИ СИСТЕМАМИ
Authors: Ліхоносова Г. С.
Published: July 2019

The author's opinion on developing criteria of expediency of management of financial and economic processes in the country is given in the article. There are parallels between the usefulness and benefits of managing financial and production systems. The purpose of the article is to justify the socioeconomic feasibility of managing financial and production systems through the use of the socially useful factor of the production system and the display of utility as a principle of priority at the level of formal statement of the fact of the availability of the effectiveness or possible size of the economic loss. The object of the study is financial-production systems in terms of their ability to form social utility. Methods used in the research are a systematic approach, a method of generalization, comparison, logical-content method, monographic method, methods of induction and deduction. The hypothesis of research the profitability of a functioning company depends on the variant of economic policy, which is formed at the expense of the economic structure and social utility of its sphere of production, that is, its economic efficiency. The statement of basic materials. Social utility is justified as a key indicator to be guided by in making managerial decisions in the field of economics and finance. Homeostasis does not perform the function of optimizing the production system, but only balances the ratio of reduction and compensation of value in this system. As a result, the continuity of production is achieved, that is, the conditions are always satisfied at the presence of positive value in each production element at a certain level of non-productive consumption of labor costs. Originality and practical significance of the research is to develop a scheme for managing the production system, taking into account social utility, as well as mathematical interpretation of the systemic and homeostasis of the production system. Conclusions of research are reasonable, economic indicators of the production system can be used only for the operational evaluation of performance, but cannot be the basis for predicting the social performance of the financial and production system.
KEPEMIMPINAN DALAM MUTU PENDIDIKAN DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Farhurohman Oman
Published: July 2019

Leadership in education is closely related to the system: in put - process - out put. The study of the three elements that educational leaders will move in an effort to produce quality educational institutions. Thus, educational leadership is a very important factor in influencing the work performance of the organization because leadership is the main activity in achieving organizational goals. Educational leaders are not only skilled in managerial institutions, but their personality factors are required to be "good". This will create an institution conducive conducive to achieve quality.

Keywords. Quality of Leadership, Principal, School Supervisor.
OPTIMALISASI PERAN KOMITE SEKOLAH DALAM PERLINDUNGAN GURU DI SMP NEGERI 1 PAMARAYAN KABUPATEN SERANG BANTEN
Authors: Sutarman Adang Sutarman , Surahman Surahman
Published: July 2019

Less optimal role of school committee almost happened in every school, so far society perceive existence of school committee only role in terms of procurement aid of parasarana and education fund. This paper aims to explore the efforts of SMP Negeri 1 Pamarayan in optimizing the role of school committees in the protection of teachers in the implementation of education. The results of the study show that SMP Negeri 1 Pamarayan efforts always coordinate with school committees that are scheduled at least every two months, accommodate and channel the aspirations and initiatives of the community in giving birth to operational policies and educational programs, increasing responsibilities and community participation in the implementation of education, creating atmosphere and transparent, accountable, and democratic conditions. The perceived outcomes relate to teacher protection. The role of school committees in realizing teacher protection can be optimized by scheduling coordination between schools and school committees, all emerging cases can be addressed thanks to the school committee's role without causing a community reaction that harms both parties.

Keywords.  Optimization, School Committee, Teacher Protection
BUDAYA SEKOLAH ISLAM MULTIKULTURAL DAN PERILAKU KEBERAGAMAAN SISWA DI SD ISLAM AL-IKHLAS CILANDAK JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Nurjaya Nurjaya
Published: July 2019

This study aims to determine the contents of multicultural schools with the religious behavior of students at SD Islam Al-Ikhlas Cilandak, South Jakarta. Data processing methods are performed using statistics to obtain data, research variables and values ​​that include data on scores, medians, modes, standard deviations, and frequency distributions. Then for the purposes of the research hypothesis are inferential statistics with simple and regression techniques. From the research conducted, it can be concluded that: First, there is a positive and significant relationship between school culture and religious behavior, as evidenced by the assets of secret coefficient (ry1) of 0.962. Second, there is a positive and significant relationship between multicultural attitudes and student religious behavior, as evidenced by the assets of secret coefficient (ry1) of 0.969. Third, there is a positive and significant relationship between school culture and multicultural attitudes together with religious behavior, as evidenced by money (ry12) of 0.973 and the Fcount test of significance of 1099,684.

Keywords. School Culture, Multicultural, Religious Sciences