bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Annual Review of U.K. Marine Scientific Industry 2021
Authors: Johnson Emma , Gentleman Kirstin , Triggs Isabel , Cornwall Molly
Published: February 2022

Abstract The Society of Maritime Industries conducts an annual survey to gain insight into the U.K. Marine Science and Technology (MST) industry and to gather intelligence regarding future trends. The data were collected via a questionnaire to senior managers of U.K. businesses
in the MST sector during the trade show Ocean Business, at the National Oceanography Centre in Southampton, United Kingdom, in October 2021. The results show that COVID and Brexit were cited as having the biggest impact on business over the past 12 months, which was to be expected. Despite
this, the majority of companies increased turnover and headcount over the last 12 months, which is a positive sign of growth in the industry. Generally, there were high levels of positivity in the industry and for its growth for the next 12 months, with 91% of companies predicting growth.
Ocean-Based Carbon Dioxide Removal: A New Frontier in the Blue Economy
Authors: Gagern Antonius , Manley Justin , Kapsenberg Lydia
Published: February 2022

Abstract The ocean is a key facet of climate stability and Earth's carbon cycle. Given the immense scale of atmospheric carbon dioxide removal (CDR) necessary to achieve international climate goals, ocean-based CDR approaches (or “ocean CDR”) warrant serious consideration.
Ocean CDR is a still nascent, but cautiously promising, area of scientific research with several approaches under evaluation. Here, we examine one of the most promising approaches, ocean alkalinity enhancement, to highlight and exemplify challenges and opportunities of an emerging ocean CDR
industry in the blue economy.
The Importance of Understanding the Ocean's Economic Value for a Sustainable World
Authors: Kildow Judith T.
Published: February 2022

Abstract A major paradigm shift is underway globally, a revolution in our relationship with the ocean. From cavalier exploitation of offshore resources spurred on by dreams of infinite wealth, nations now recognize a thriving ocean economy needs a healthy ocean. Past events
brought global attention to the impressive rise in offshore revenue generated by the Blue Economy. In 2021, ocean values were estimated at $2.5 trillion annually (Sumaila et al., 2021). The advent of exclusive economic zones enhanced by technological innovations led to rapid increases
in offshore commercial and industrial activities, accompanied unfortunately by mismanaged and overexploited resources. The resultant decline in ocean health from unsustainable practices, compounded by climate-related impacts, provided the momentum toward sustainable strategies for development,
institutionalized by the 2016 United Nations (UN) Conference on Sustainable Development and the resultant Sustainable Development Goals.National practices expanded categories of original estimates of ocean gross domestic product, formerly based solely on National Income Accounts to include
environmental and non-market assets, revealing a more accurate net estimate of the ocean's values.The New Blue Economy, or knowledge-based economy, has been in large part responsible for economists' ability to capture environmental and non-market values, allowing this paradigm shift toward
a sustainable world to occur. The NBE generates the rapid pace of scientific discovery and technological innovations that facilitated those discoveries through advanced measurement and analytical tools. The latest UN declaration, the Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development, solidifies
the future of this positive paradigm shift.
Holistic ministry approach to migration: Towards a practical theological and integrated ecclesiological model
Authors: Magezi Vhumani , Magezi Christopher
Published: March 2022

The design of church migrant ministries remains suppressed by the limitation of churches that include limited resources and ability to conceptualise ministerial designs. The situation is compounded by compassion global fatigue. Thus, as a holistic ministry, approach, the application and practice of a migrant ministry remain a conceptual challenge despite the Christian position that integrating word and deed is the most appropriate Christian ministry approach. To contribute towards conceptualising the design of a holistic ministry by using migrant practical ministry, this article proposes a public, practical theology and operative ecclesiological model. The proposed model or approach is called a public operative ecclesiological model (POEM), which entails churches understanding their public practical theological position and responsive role within their communities and social settings.Contribution: The model advocates and leverages church resources to respond to people’s needs by ensuring that a church practically contributes to public issues such as migration.
The role of emotional intelligence and work engagement on nurses’ resilience in public hospitals
Authors: Chikobvu Pardon , Harunavamwe Martha
Published: March 2022

Orientation: The ability to cope effectively with adversity has become vital for healthcare employees because of high job demands. Nurses are faced with workplace adversities that drain resilience resources; as such it is important to investigate factors that may conserve and build resilience resources. Positive states in the form of emotional intelligence and engagement have the potential to activate and conserve resources for coping and adaption amongst nurses.Research purpose: The study was designed to investigate empirically the predictive value of emotional intelligence and work engagement on nurses’ resilience.Motivation for the study: The study was motivated by the fact that negative experiences or adversities kindle loss of resources for coping and adaptive functioning. Promoting positive states has the potential to motivate the building of resources that improve coping and adaptation.Research approach, design and method: The study utilised a cross-sectional quantitative survey using self-administered questionnaires. The sample comprised 252 nurses from the Mangaung Metropole, South Africa. The SmartPLS programme was used to analyse the data.Main findings: Emotional intelligence and work engagement had a statistically significant effect on resilience. Of great significance was the strong direct link between emotional intelligence and resilience.Practical or managerial implication: The healthcare sector needs to invest training in emotional intelligence and work engagement programmes for nurses as a way to improve their resilience; a coping strategy for the highly demanding and stressful work environments.Contribution: These findings contribute valuable new knowledge that can be applied in promoting and enhancing resilience of nurses in public hospitals.
Comparison of Pericapsular Nerve Group Block versus Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block as Postoperative Pain Management in Hip Fracture Surgeries
Authors: Senthil K.S. , Kumar Prem , Ramakrishnan Lakshmi
Published: March 2022

Background and Objectives:

Postoperative pain management and early recovery play an important role in the functional outcome following hip surgeries. Recently, pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block has been used as a good alternative for postoperative pain management following hip fracture surgeries. We compared the efficacy of (PENG) block and fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) as postoperative pain management in hip surgeries.

Methods:

Forty patients of the age group of 18 years and older of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classes I and II scheduled for hip fracture were selected and the patients were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A comprised of 20 patients who received PENG block and Group B comprised of 20 patients who received FICB. 30 mL 0.25% Levobupivacaine and 4 mg dexamethasone was given for both blocks. The following outcomes were measured: Total fentanyl consumption in 24 h, dynamic pain during 2, 6, 10, 14, 18, and 24 h, Visual Analog Pain score during 2, 6, 10, 14, 18, and 24 h, quadriceps femoris muscle strength.

Results:

Even though there was no significant difference in the duration of analgesia and dynamic pain grades between these blocks, there was notable difference in Visual Analog Pain score and the motor power of quadriceps femoris which indicates the potency of sensory blockade and decrease in motor sparing was significantly seen in PENG block than FICB.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study suggest that PENG block was more appropriate analgesic modality than FICB in patients undergoing hip surgeries as postoperative analgesic.
Anesthetic Management in a Case of MURCS Syndrome
Authors: Rekha J. R. , Arora Poonam , Arora Rajnish Kumar , Arora Monica
Published: March 2022

MURCS syndrome is a more severe form of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome, an acronym meaning aplasia/hypoplasia of Müllerian ducts (MU), congenital renal agenesis/ectopia (R), and cervical somite dysplasia (CS). A common presentation is primary amenorrhea in adolescent females. An anesthetist must consider the benefits and limitations of both regional and general anesthesia for these patients based on site of surgery and severity of malformations. We report successful anesthetic management of a 21-year-old female with MURCS syndrome scheduled for a creation of neovagina under spinal anesthesia using ultrasound guidance.
Comparison of short-term surgical outcomes and postoperative recovery between single-incision and multi-port laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer
Authors: Lin Lin , Xu Qingwen , Xu Feipeng , Zhou Caijin , Huang Xianjin , Chen Rihong , Jiang Haiping
Published: March 2022

Background:

To summarise data from previous reports and perform a meta-analysis to compare the short-term surgical outcomes and post-operative recovery between single-incision and multi-port laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (MLDG) for gastric cancer.

Methods:

A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed and Embase databases and relevant data were extracted. Short-term surgical outcomes and post-operative recovery of single-incision laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (SLDG) and MLDG for gastric cancer were compared using a fixed or random-effect model.

Results:

In total, we identified five relevant studies involving 983 participants for this systematic review and meta-analysis, and 45.8% (450/983) of patients underwent SLDG. The results demonstrated that mean operation time (weighted mean difference [WMD]:-3.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.64,8.19, P = 0.580; I
2 = 75.6%), intra-operative blood loss (WMD:-19.77, 95% CI: 40.20,0.65, P = 0.058; I
2 = 85.0%) and lymph node yield (WMD:-0.71, 95% CI: 1.47, 0.05, P = 0.068; I
2 = 0%) of SLDG were comparable to those of MLDG for gastric cancer. In addition, SLDG had a similar incidence of post-operative complications compared with MLDG (odds ratio: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.55-1.22, P = 0.326; I
2 = 0%). There was no significant difference between the two surgical procedures for the conversion to open surgery (OR: 0.32, 95%CI: 0.03-3.15, P = 0.331; I
2 = 0%), the length of hospital stay (WMD:-0.05, 95% CI: 0.65, 0.55, P = 0.876; I
2 = 44.1%), the time to first flatus (WMD:-0.24, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.10, P = 0.169; I
2 = 85.3%) and the time to oral intake (WMD:-0.05, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.10, P = 0.500; I
2 = 0%).

Conclusion:

Single-incision laparoscopic gastrectomy may be technically feasible and safe for gastric cancer. However, it did not show a more obvious advantage over MLDG.
Seroprevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Antibodies among People Living with HIV
Authors: Shalaka Nader S.
Published: February 2022

Background/Aims:

Patients with preexisting morbidities (e.g., malignancy, posttransplant, and heart failure) are recognized to be at increased risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, as well as increased risk of mortality after infection. However, there are conflicting data on the susceptibility and prevalence of infection among people living with HIV (PLWH), with higher, lower, and equal prevalence to the general population were reported. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among PLWH who are attending clinical care at the Department of Infectious Diseases of Tripoli University Hospital.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study conducted during the period from October 01, 2021 to December 01

,

2021 at the (Department of Infectious Diseases) outpatient clinic of Tripoli University Hospital. The OnSite Coronavirus Disease 2019 IgG/IgM Rapid Test (CTK Biotech, San Diego County, California, USA) was used to determine the presence of antibodies against the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 in the collected serum samples. The test results were reported as “Negative” or “Positive” as per the manufacturer's instructions.

Results:

A total of 108 PLWH were included in the study. Sixty-nine (64%) were male, and the mean age for participants was 44 years. Specific IgG/IgM antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 were detected in 31 individuals, representing a seroprevalence of 28.7%.

Conclusions:

High seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among nonvaccinated PLWH attending clinical care at Tripoli University Hospital. They require pritorization on vaccination and boosting.
Pure Interventricular Craniopharyngioma
Authors: Muftah Lahirish Issa Ali , Sales MB , Prado Cassia , Rotta José Marcus , Neto Mateus Reghin
Published: February 2022

Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) of the third ventricle are rare and can be difficult to treat due to their deep location and relation to neurological structures. A 60-year-old woman presented with a history of memory disturbances with progressive course. On examination, she was conscious but disoriented with time and place, visual field showed bilateral superolateral quadrantanopia, and KPS was 90. Brain images revealed a third ventricular mass that bowed the floor of the third ventricle, expanding into the supraoptic recess, compressing the optic chiasm downward and forward. The mass had solid and cystic components at its inferior and periphery. The patient underwent right pretemporal approach with orbital roof being removed, and a translamina terminalis route was used to reach the third ventricle and the tumor was completely removed. Preoperative localization of the ventricular CPs is essential to choose the optimal surgical approach to avoid undesired injuries and improve the surgical outcome.
Prevalence of Meropenem and Imipenem Resistance in Gram-Negative Uropathogens in Ibn Sina Clinic in Benghazi-Libya
Authors: Gargoum Huda Mohammed , Muftah M. Muftah , Zinab M. Alsieah , Khadija Elsharee
Published: February 2022

Background/Aims:

The carbapenem resistance is increasing worldwide. Although there are a number of studies on carbapenem resistance available in western Libya, there is no adequate information in eastern Libya. The aim of the present work was to study the prevalence of both imipenem and meropenem in uropathogens in one hospital in Benghazi, a city in Libya, to know the magnitude of resistance caused by these groups of bacteria.

Subjects and Methods:

A total of 1011 samples of patients with urinary tract infection were collected from August 1, 2019, to April 30, 2020. Identification of the isolates was done and the antibiotic susceptibility of different uropathogens was tested for their imipenem and meropenem susceptibility.

Results:

The prevalence of Escherichia coli was 68.8%, followed by Klebsiella pneumonia and Proteus mirabilis (12.4% and 4.8%, respectively). The prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was also (12.4%), and the Acinetobacter baumannii comes next by 1.6%.

Conclusions:

Compared to different results done in different parts of Libya, the prevalence of carbapenem was increased and this expanded to other Enterobacteriaceae as P. mirabilis that has not declared in previous data in different regions in Libya.
Failure of Therapeutic Enoxaparin to Prevent Massive Deep Vein Thrombosis and Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in a Pregnant Patient with Combined Factor V Leiden Mutation and Antithrombin III Deficiency
Authors: Abduljabbar Al-Dubai Husam Nabil , Hailan Yousef Mohammed , Al-Mashdali Abdulrahman , Mohammed Al-Warqi Akram Fadhl , Sawaf Bisher
Published: February 2022

Women with combined inherited thrombophilia are at high risk of developing thrombotic events, especially when they are pregnant. Low-molecular-weight (LMW) heparins are the preferable agents for anticoagulation during pregnancy. Despite the fact that they have been proven to be effective in the treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolism, thrombotic events can still happen. Here, we report a case of a 40-year-old white pregnant woman with combined factor V Leiden mutation and antithrombin III deficiency who developed massive deep vein thrombosis and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis despite being on therapeutic doses of enoxaparin.
Causes of End-Stage Renal Disease among Hemodialysis Patients in Libya
Authors: Gusbi Eman , Abrahem Abrahem F. , Elfituri Ahmed , Eltaib Farag , Benbubaker Walid M. , Alhudiri Inas M. , Elgriw Nada , Gusbi Mokhtar , Rmadan Majda Musa , Enattah Nabil , Elzagheid Adam
Published: February 2022

Background/Aims:

Little data are available about chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in Libya, therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study to examine the epidemiological factors and frequency of diseases diagnosed in patients with ESRD who are receiving hemodialysis in the major three demographic areas of Libya.

Patients and Methods:

With a special focus on the three main demographic regions in Libya (East, West, South), in this study, we retrospectively examine and analyze data retrieved from patients who attended 31 hemodialysis centers in 2017. Patients' data were studied for baseline demographic information, gender, age, medical history, physical examination, laboratory results, and comorbidities.

Results:

More males than females were affected overall, with M:F ratio = 1.6. Approximately, two-thirds of patients resided in the western part of Libya, with a regional distribution of 68.41% in the West, 16.08% in the East, and 15.52% in the South. The majority of cases with ESRD (>60%) were either caused by hypertension (25.36%) or diabetes mellitus (23.75%), or a combination of both (12.93%). On the other hand, genetic diseases caused 8.18% of the cases, whereas glomerular diseases caused 5.98%.

Conclusion:

The public health legislators and Ministry of Health should focus on tackling the modifiable risk factors of hypertension and diabetes early at a population level to reduce the burden of CKD and the development of ESRD. Early detection of genetic causes is an important health measure through the implementation of screening in high-risk groups and appropriate genetic counseling.
Landslide inventory and characteristics, based on LiDAR scanning and optimised field investigations in the Kutina area, Croatia
Authors:   Croatian Geological Survey, Zagreb, Croatia, Pollak Davor , Hećej Nina ,   Croatian Geological Survey, Zagreb, Croatia, Grizelj Anita ,   Croatian Geological Survey, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: March 2022

This paper presents the preliminary results of analyses of landsliding processes derived from detailed LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) scans supported by field prospection on the south-western slopes of Mt. Moslavačka gora, in the wider Kutina area. This area is known for frequent landslides, but dedicated regional landslide research has not been previously undertaken. High resolution LiDAR scanning and orthophoto imaging enabled the production of a reliable landslide inventory, but also enabled research on landslide properties and the morphology of the area. Field mapping and prospection, sampling and borehole coring assisted in the collection of information about the material characteristics and specific features of typical landslides. In the research area, which covers more than 71 km2, more than 1200 very small landslides were detected. The majority of landslides were discovered in just several geological units indicating their high susceptibility: Pleistocene silts and sands with clayey interlayers, followed by M2 silty sands and gravels, and M7 sands. Nearly half of the landslides are estimated to be of recent and younger age, while other landslides may be considered as being historical implying a “long tradition” of landslide events in the research area. Preliminary terrain surface roughness analysis also supported the conclusion that the inventory contains landslides of several historical generations which are still detectable. In addition to slides (1123), this research also discovered numerous earthflow processes (143), which are more frequent in the predominantly sandy units. The landslides in this area are largely located on the banks of the gullies and are directly related to the action of water. Regarding that situation and the engineering properties of the encountered geological units, four types of bank instabilities can be differentiated: slides on top of rock masses; slides in firm soil mixtures; landslides in sands; landslides in predominantly coherent soil complexes.
A case study in the research polygon in Glina and Dvor municipality, Croatia–landslide susceptibility assessment of geological units
Authors:   Croatian Geological Survey, Zagreb, Croatia, Filipović Marina , Mišur Ivan ,   Croatian Geological Survey, Zagreb, Croatia, Gulam Vlatko ,   Croatian Geological Survey, Zagreb, Croatia, Horvat Marija ,   Croatian Geological Survey, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: March 2022

In this paper, a preliminary analysis of the landslide inventory is presented for the wider area of the municipalities of Glina and Dvor, within Sisak-Moslavina County in Croatia, where LiDAR scanning for 45.85 km2 was conducted. Landslide polygons were outlined based on the visual interpretation of HRDEM derivates. In total, 477 landslides were contoured with an average landslide density of 9.85 per km2. Most of the landslides are characterised as moderate, shallow, and not recent. The spatial relationship between landslides and geological units is expressed with the landslide index. Subsequently, the geological units were grouped into four engineering geological units representing different susceptibilities to landslides. The geological units most prone to landslides are the Eocene, Oligocene, Palaeocene and Jurassic sandstones. Even though all geological units were analysed here, the majority of landslides are within sandstones. A particular emphasis was on landslide occurrence in metamorphic and igneous rocks of the ophiolite sequence, a distinctive characteristic of the research area where less susceptibility to landslide processes was observed. Moreover, to further distinguish the differences between the units in the area a morphometric characteristic (relief) and drainage network was also analysed. The purpose of this analysis was to additionally confirm the landslide susceptibility assessment and the division of geological units into engineering geological units, which again implied the different behaviours between landslides in igneous and metamorphic rocks compared to sandstones. Because the research area is poorly studied regarding landslide susceptibility, relief, and drainage networks, these findings will be a step forward in recognising the relationship between them and creating a base for the development of a landslide susceptibility map for this area.
A sedimentological description of the Middle Triassic vertebrate-bearing limestone from Velika planina, the Kamnik-Savinja Alps, Slovenia
Authors:   Department of Geology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University in Ljubljana, Slovenia, Gale Luka ,   Geological Survey of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Hitij Tomaž ,   Dental School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Vičič Blaž ,   International Centre for the Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy; Quantectum AG, Pfaffikon, Switzerland, Križnar Matija ,   Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Žalohar Jure ,   Department of Geology, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Quantectum AG, Pfaffikon, Switzerland, Celarc Bogomir ,   Geological Survey of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Vrabec Marko ,   Department of Geology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University in Ljubljana, Slovenia
Published: March 2022

In the Kamnik-Savinja Alps (Slovenia), the Lower Serla Dolomite laterally passes into a succession of thin- to medium-bedded bituminous limestones of the Velika planina member. The finely laminated lower part of this member contains well-preserved actinopterygian fish and sauropterygian remains. The research aimed to determine the sedimentological and palaeoenvironmental characteristics of the depositional basin on the basis of three detailed sedimentological sections logged atop the Velika planina plateau. The Velika planina member is underlain by a whitish to light grey, thick bedded to massive dolomite with oncoids, stromatolites, and lumachellas deposited under peritidal to shallow subtidal conditions. The lower part of the Velika planina member consists of thin, often platy, finely laminated beds of bituminous mudstone. The Chondrites ichnofossil is very common; however, in some beds numerous lingulid brachiopods, bivalves, and crinoids were observed. Fossil vertebrates and crustaceans are relatively rare and confined to a few levels. Ammonoids are very rare. Subordinate beds of intraclastic-peloid wackestone to packstone, intraclastic-bioclastic grainstone, and bivalve floatstone occur. Slumps are common. Upwards, bedding gradually becomes thicker and bioturbation more common. Finally, stromatolites, birdseye fenestrae, and oncoids reappear. The entire succession is confined to the early to middle Anisian by the foraminifer Citaella dinarica (KOCHANSKY-DEVIDÉ & PANTIĆ). The absence of breccias at the base of the Velika planina member, the gradual transition upwards into shallow marine carbonates, as well as the presence of sauropterygians of the order Nothosauroidea suggest deposition in a relatively shallow basin. The finely laminated facies of the lower part of the member indicates a stratified water column, with oxygenated near-surface waters and hypoxic to anoxic conditions near the sea floor.
The radiolarian age and petrographic composition of a block of the Lower Jurassic volcaniclastic breccia and chert of the Mamonia Complex, SW Cyprus
Authors:   Geological Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia, Bragin Nikita , Ledneva Galina ,   Geological Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia, Bragina Liubov ,   Geological Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia, Tsiolakis Efthymios ,   Cyprus Geological Survey Department, Lefkosia, Cyprus, Symeou Vasilis ,   Cyprus Geological Survey Department, Lefkosia, Cyprus, Papadimitriou Nikolaos ,   Cyprus Geological Survey Department, Lefkosia, Cyprus
Published: March 2022

An exceptional exposure of volcaniclastic breccia intercalated with radiolarian cherts and limestones was studied which constitutes a unique block within the Upper Cretaceous Mamonia Mélange in the Akamas Peninsula of southwestern Cyprus. This breccia, represents the lower part of the sedimentary cover of the Upper Triassic Phasoula Formation volcanics. The breccia mainly consists of clasts of metabasalts, diabases, metagabbros, hyaloclastites and quartz-albite-chlorite-epidote aggregates, which have been metamorphosed at greenschist facies, and subordinate siltstones. The thin-bedded cherts intercalated between breccia levels, yielded radiolarian assemblages, which indicate an Early Jurassic age (Sinemurian to Pliensbachian) for the sequence.
Comparison of classic and 4-phase rhinomanometry methods, is there any difference?
Authors: Wong Eugene H.C. , Eccles Ron
Published: March 2022

Background: There are various different parameters used to measure nasal airway resistance (NAR) in rhinomanometry, which include the classic method at fixed pressure of 150Pa or 75Pa and 4-phase rhinomanometry. This study aims to determine if there is any difference between the measurements of NAR obtained by the classic and 4-phase rhinomanometry methods. Methodology: In-vitro study with measurements of NAR using both methods when applied across four artificial nose models. Results: No statistically significant differences were found between NAR values obtained from both methods. Strong, positive correlations were found between NAR measured with both methods, which were statistically significant. Bland-Altman method also showed good agreement between both methods with narrow limits of agreement. Conclusion: There is high level of conformity between the values of nasal airway resistance measured using both methods.
Intranasal atomised dexmedetomidine optimises surgical field visualisation with decreased blood loss during endoscopic sinus surgery: a randomized study
Authors: Qiao H. , Chen J. , Li W. , Shen X.
Published: March 2022

Background: Safe and effective endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) depends on distinct surgical visibility. Various interventions are proposed to reduce intranasal bleeding. This study investigated whether intranasal atomised dexmedetomidine (DEX) provided optimal surgical conditions and decreased blood loss. Methods: ASA I or II patients undergoing ESS were randomly assigned to receive either 2 μg/kg intranasal DEX (group D) or the same volume of saline (group N) 15 min before induction. Lund-Mackay (LM) scores represented the extent of the preoperative surgical lesion and were obtained based on the computed tomographic scans. Estimated blood loss was recorded. The visibility of the surgical field was rated by surgeons on a numerical rating scale (NRS) or assessed using Boezaart score. Results: Median blood loss in groups D and N was 75 and 100 ml, respectively. NRS and Boezaart score for surgical condition were lower in group D than in group N. LM score showed a positive correlation between NRS and Boezaart score in group N but not in group D. Conclusion: Intranasal atomised DEX resulted in improved surgical conditions with less bleeding during ESS despite the severity of the preoperative surgical lesion.
Геометрическая модель формирования процессов супердиффузии
Authors: Arkashov Nikolay Sergeevich , Seleznev Vadim Aleksandrovich
Published: February 2022

Построена динамическая модель деформации процесса классической диффузии в супердиффузию, реализующая взаимодействие фоновой среды диффузии и внешней среды. Приведено поэтапное формирование закона преобразования энергетических характеристик деформации.
Задача Римана-Гильберта для матричной системы Лакшманана-Порсезиана-Дэниеля с ($4\times4$)-матричной парой Лакса типа Абловица-Каупа-Ньюэла-Сигура
Authors: Hu Beibei , Yu Xiaomei , Ling Zhang
Published: February 2022

Начально-краевые задачи для матричной системы Лакшманана-Порсезиана-Дэниеля изучаются с использованием унифицированного преобразования Фокаса. Проведен спектральный анализ ($4\times4$)-матричной пары Лакса типа Абловица-Каупа-Ньюэла-Сигура. Показано, что решения исследуемой матричной системы можно восстановить из ($4\times4$)-матричной задачи Римана-Гильберта. Кроме того, доказано, что спектральные функции не являются независимыми, а связаны так называемым глобальным соотношением.
Взаимодействие между подзонами в квазиодномерном сверхпроводнике
Authors: Chuburin Yurii Pavlovich , Tinyukova Tat'yana Sergeevna
Published: February 2022

рамках уравнения Боголюбова-де Жена исследуется бесспиновый $p$-волновой сверхпроводник в бесконечной полосе при наличии примеси. Аналитически найдены волновые функции устойчивых локализованных состояний с энергиями вблизи граничных точек энергетической щели. Доказано, что при малом примесном потенциале вклад от ближайших подзон в волновые функции в случае значений энергии вблизи границы очень мал, причем данные энергетические уровни находятся существенно ближе к границе щели, чем в одномерном случае. Исследованы также локализованные состояния со значениями энергии вблизи нуля; в отличие от одномерного случая, они не обладают симметрией "частица-дырка". В рассматриваемых случаях кроме локализованных существуют также связанные с ними резонансные состояния.
Анизотропное решение в голографической модели для легких кварков во внешнем магнитном поле
Authors: Aref'eva Irina Yaroslavna , Rannu Kristina Allanovna , Slepov Pavel Sergeevich
Published: February 2022

Найдено решение типа черной дыры в пятимерной полностью анизотропной модели для легких кварков. Модель описывается действием Эйнштейна с полем дилатона и тремя тензорами Максвелла. Третий член Максвелла относится к внешнему магнитному полю. Исследуется влияние внешнего магнитного поля на пятимерное решение типа черной дыры.
Kadim Tanrılardan Modern Tanrılara: 21. Yüzyıla Dair Mitolojik Bir Okuma
Authors: TOPAL Gökhan , İSPİR Naci
Published: February 2022

Mitler dünya halkları tarafından oluşturulan ölümlü, kırılgan insanoğlunun dünya görüşü, kültürel kodların evrensel anlatılarıdır. Medeniyetleri ve ulusları kültürel açıdan tanıma noktasında önemli bir rehber olan mitler, içerisinde yaratıldığı toplumlar için bir eğitim modeli şeklidir. Mitlerin işlevi zihinleri meşgul eden sorunları çözerek insanların anlama, kavrama ve bilme ihtiyaçlarını doyuma ulaştırmaktır. Ancak burjuva toplumu tarafından kutsanan pozitivist bilgi bireyi mitsel dünyanın dışına çekerken, eski uygarlıkların temelleri üzerine kurulan modern bilim ve teknoloji toplumu ruhlardan arındırılmış bir dünya tahayyül etmektedir. Ancak tarihsel varoluş serüveni içerisinde arkaik düşünceyle benliğini yön veren insan zaman, mekân ve kendinden bağımsız olarak mitlerle aktarımını sağladığı ortak bir bilinçdışı oluşturmuştur. Bu doğrultuda çalışma Homo Habilis’in modern Homo Sapiens’e evrimini ve mitsel düşüncenin gelişimi üzerine odaklanırken, tanrılara karşı kalkan niteliğinde olan bilimsel yapılanmanın mitsel kökenlerine dair kuramsal görüşler kapsamında mit ve bilim arasındaki farklılıklar ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca çalışma kadim halkların yaratmış olduğu mitsel aklın 21. yüzyıl içerisinde kutsanan otomasyon, biyoteknoloji, yapay zekâ gibi konuların teknolojik arkeolojisine odaklanmıştır.
Yaşlıların Yaşlanmaya İlişkin Bakış Açılarının Değerlendirilmesi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: DEMİR Şeyda , SAĞLIK Sema
Published: March 2022

Modernleşen ve küreselleşen dünyaya, değişen dinamiklere rağmen geleneksellik özelliklerini az veya çok koruyan aileler bulunmaktadır. Bu tür ailelerde yetişmiş olan yaşlıların yaşlılığa bakışı korkutucu veya değer kaybedici değil, aksine dinlenmenin, samimi aile bağları ve torun sevgisiyle huzuru tatmanın adı olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada yaşlı ve yaşlılık algısına yönelik tutumlar tarihsel süreç bağlamında ele alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Literatür taraması kapsamında yaşlılığa geleneksel, modern ve postmodern bakış açısı araştırılarak tarihsel süreçteki yaşlı ve yaşlılık algısına değinilmiş; bu algının değişim ve dönüşüm süreci incelenmiştir. Daha sonra, 21. yüzyıl dünyasının yaşlılarından oluşan bir grupla postmodern dünyada yaşlı olmak ve yaşlılık algılarına yönelik tutumlarını belirlemek amacıyla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılarak mülakat yapılmıştır. Araştırmada amaçlı örneklem yöntemlerinden benzeşik örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veriler uzmanların görüşleri alınarak oluşturulan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formuyla toplanılmış, analizinde NVIVO 12 programı kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda Yalova’da ikamet etmekte olan, benzer aile yapılarına sahip olduğu gözlemlenen ve tespit edilen 5 yaşlı seçilmiştir. Seçilen yaşlıların hepsi 65 yaş üstü, ciddi bir sağlık engeli olmayan kişilerdir. Çalışmanın sonucuna göre, maddi manevi belli değerleri biriktirebilen ve onlara sahip olmayı başarabilmiş, geleneksellik özelliklerini barındıran ailelerden gelen yaşlı bireylerde yaşlılık; acizlik ve muhtaçlıktan ziyade, tecrübeli, bilgili, yardımsever ve şefkat sahibi olma, sükûnet içinde ibadetle meşgul olma dönemi olarak görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın sosyal hizmet disiplininde en önemli çalışma nesnesi olan “yaşlılık” ile ilgili çok yönlü araştırmalar yapılmasının, “Yaşlılara Yönelik Manevi Sosyal Hizmetler” in ve sosyal politikaların geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Yaşlılık konusunda alternatif bakış açıları geliştirilmesi noktasında benzer araştırmaların yapılmasında yarar vardır.
Investigations of the Elastic Moduli of Er2O3 NPs Doped TeO2 – B2O3 – SiO2 Glasses using Theoretical Models
Authors: Aliyu U. S. , Geidam I. G. , Otto M. S. , Hussaini M.
Published: February 2022

Elastic moduli of {[(TeO2)0.7 (B2O3)0.3]0.8 (SiO2)0.2}1-y (Er2O3 NPs)y glasses  with y = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05 were studied in this work using the theoretical elastic models. The Makishima & Mackenzie, Rocherulle and bond compression models were employed for the study. In the Makishima and Mackenzie model, the packing density was calculated from the bulk glass molar weight and the bulk glass density whereas in Rocherulle model it is determined as the individual oxides. Young, shear and bulk moduli as well as the Poisson ratio were calculated for the glasses in the Makishima and Rocherulle models, while longitudinal, was calculated in addition to young, bulk and shear moduli using the bond compression model. Bond per unit volume number (nb), bulk modulus, bulk modulus ratio (Kbc/Ke), atomic ring size (?) and stretching force constant were also calculated and presented. The values of the Young, bulk and shear moduli obtained from Makishima model increased from 52.854 to 55.335 GPa, 35.754 to 39.862 GPa and 21.080 to 21.809 GPa respectively with Er2O3 NPs composition increase from 1% to 5%.. The Rocherulle model presented increasing values for Young, bulk and shear moduli as 56.910 to 58.432 GPa, 41.452 to 44.450 GPa and 22.385 to 22.809 GPa respectively with Er2O3 NPs composition increase from 1% to 5%. The bond compression model presented much higher values of the elastic moduli compared to the experimentally obtained values and showed an increasing trend as the Er2O3 NPs concentration increases. In the glass network, the atomic ring size value decreased from 0.5698 to 0.5091 nm indicating an increase in the close packing of atoms. Based on the elastic moduli values presented by all the models, Makishima and Mackenzie model presented a more reliable data and hence represents the best model for the studied glass system.
Heterogeneous Catalyzed Synthesis of Biodiesel from Crude Sunflower Oil
Authors: Selvaraju Sivamani  , Marwan Ahmed Sulieman Al Aamri  , Aseela Musalem Awad Anthroon Jaboob  , Azeezah Mohammed Masoud Kashoob  , Layal Kamall Abdullah Al-Hakeem  , Mouna Salim Mhaad Said Almashany  , Muna Ahmed Mohammed Safrar
Published: February 2022

Biodiesel is the fatty acid alkyl esters that are used as the substitute for petro-diesel. The aim of the present work is to optimize biodiesel production from plant based non-edible crude oils with methanol using heterogeneous catalyst by transesterification for its commercialization. The factors affecting the biodiesel production from plant oils are volume of feedstock (oil), volume of alcohol (excess reactant), quantity of calcium hydroxide (catalyst), reaction time, temperature, and agitation speed. Transesterification is the reaction between acid and alcohol to produce ester in the presence of alkali catalyst. In this work, transesterification was carried out between crude sunflower oil and methanol in the presence of calcium hydroxide as catalyst. Finally, the maximum conversion of 85.6% was achieved at the optimum process parameters of 2 L of crude sunflower oil, 0.3 L methanol, 23 g of calcium hydroxide, reaction time of 24 h, temperature of 65 °C, and agitation speed of 100 rpm. The results showed that crude sunflower oil could serve as potential renewable substrate for biodiesel commercialization.Biodiesel is the fatty acid alkyl esters that are used as the substitute for petro-diesel. The aim of the present work is to optimize biodiesel production from plant based non-edible crude oils with methanol using heterogeneous catalyst by transesterification for its commercialization. The factors affecting the biodiesel production from plant oils are volume of feedstock (oil), volume of alcohol (excess reactant), quantity of calcium hydroxide (catalyst), reaction time, temperature, and agitation speed. Transesterification is the reaction between acid and alcohol to produce ester in the presence of alkali catalyst. In this work, transesterification was carried out between crude sunflower oil and methanol in the presence of calcium hydroxide as catalyst. Finally, the maximum conversion of 85.6% was achieved at the optimum process parameters of 2 L of crude sunflower oil, 0.3 L methanol, 23 g of calcium hydroxide, reaction time of 24 h, temperature of 65 ?C, and agitation speed of 100 rpm. The results showed that crude sunflower oil could serve as potential renewable substrate for biodiesel commercialization.
Mechanical Evaluation and Minerals Phases Identification of Fine and Coarse Okelele Block Clay Composites for Furnace Lining Application
Authors: Yusuf Olanrewaju Saheed  , Mufutau Abiodun Salawu  , Aderemi Babatunde Alabi
Published: February 2022

The suitability of fine and coarse Okelele clays as refractory raw materials for furnace lining application was investigated. The clay samples were crushed and pounded with a mortar and pestle to a particle size of 20 microns. 230 g each of fine clay was mixed with 50 mls of water inside a bowl and stirred thoroughly to form homogenous plastic paste. 10 g, 15 g, 25 g, 35 g and 45 g of coarse clay were added respectively to the 230 g of homogenous fine clay paste in different container. The fine and coarse clays composites weighing 240 g, 245 g, 255 g, 265 g and 275 g were respectively put in a mold of dimension 3 x 5 x 6 cm and air dried for 7 days. The samples were fired at temperature of 1200 oC for five hours using Carbolite Furnace. After cooling, the fine and coarse clay composites of 240 g and 245g were broken by the heat and composites blocks 255 g, 265g and 275g were hardened and remove for compressive test analysis. The fine and coarse clays were characterized using X-ray Diffractometer PW1830forminerals phases’ identification. The result of XRD shows that the clay was majorly composed of Quartz and Kaolinite with the traces of other minerals such as Smectile, Illite/Mica, Albite, Jarosite, Gypsum and Pyrite. The Kaolinite contains aluminum silicate (Al2O3·2SiO2) and Quartz has the silicon and oxygen atoms. The compressive strength test result judged the 275 g fire block of clays composite the best with the maximum force breaks of 7652 N with deflection of 3.734 mm and Young Modulus of 212 N/mm2 for the time to failure of 22 seconds. The results proved that Okelele clays are suitable as refractory material for furnace lining application.
Numerical Solution of Stiff and Oscillatory Problems using Third Derivative Trigonometrically Fitted Block Method
Authors: Kida M. , Adamu S. , Aduroja O. O , Pantuvo P. T
Published: February 2022

This paper considered the formulation of continuous third derivative trigonometrically fitted method for the solution of oscillatory first order initial value problems using the technique of interpolation and collocation of the approximate solution by combining polynomial and trigonometric functions. Solving for the unknown parameters and substituting the results into the approximate solution yielded a continuous linear multistep method, which was evaluated at some selected grid points where two cases were considered at equal intervals to give the discrete schemes which are implemented in block form. The blocks are convergent and stable. Numerical experiments show that the methods compete favorably with existing method.This paper considered the formulation of continuous third derivative trigonometrically fitted block method for the solution of stiff and oscillatory problems. The development of the technique involved the interpolation and collocation of the approximate solution which is the combination of polynomial and trigonometric functions. Solving for the unknown parameters and substituting the results into the approximate solution yielded a continuous linear multistep method, which is evaluated at some selected grid points where two cases were considered at equal intervals to give the discrete schemes which are implemented in block form. The blocks are convergent and stable. Numerical experiments show that the methods compete favorably with existing method and efficient for the solution of stiff and oscillatory problems.
Half-metallic Characteristics of the Novel Half Heusler Alloys XCrSb (X=Ti, Zr, Hf )
Authors: Iyorzor Benjamin , Babalola Michael
Published: February 2022

Ab-initio calculations are performed to examine the structural, mechanical, electronic, magnetic and thermodynamic properties of the half-Heusler ternary alloys XCrSb (X = H f , Ti, Zr). In this study, the spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) method that is spin-polarized with generalised gradient approximation (GGA) are used to perform ab-initio calculations to investigate the physical properties of a novel half-Heusler ternary alloys XCrSb (X = H f , Ti, Zr). It was confirmed that the alloys are stable mechanically and exhibit ferromagnetic states (FM). The study reveals that the alloys portray half-metallic character with narrow energy gaps. And it also shows that they have a total magnetic moment of approximately 3ub. From the formation energy calculation, it shows that the alloys can be synthesized experimentally. Also, it was observed that they are mechanically stable. The heat capacities and Debye temperatures were also computed and they show high thermodynamic stability.
Jensen-based New Cryptographic Scheme
Authors: Osikoya S. A. , Adeyefa E. O.
Published: February 2022

The surgent availability of data and the demand for more data to implement several technological products which heavily depends on data have made the issue of cyber attacks, a global threat, of great concern. To ensure the protection of information, the heart of every nation, the development of formidable techniques which contribute to the advancement of present schemes is crucial to combat the challenge. In this research work, a mathematical framework, from the idea of cryptography, is developed using Jensen polynomial. Jensen polynomial is used for the encryption algorithm, and the Laplace transform is used as a transformation tool to convert the plain text message to cipher text message. The decryption is a reversal which involves the use of structured mathematical techniques and the key for the message.
Current Understanding of the Equatorial E x B Drift velocities in the African Sector: A Short Review
Authors: Adebesin B. O. , Adeniyi J. O. , Adimula I. A. , Adebiyi S. J. , Ikubanni S. O. , Adekoya B. J.
Published: February 2022

A short review of the pattern and morphology of the equatorial plasma drift velocities, particularly during the evening-time Pre-reversal enhancement (PRE) period in the African region had been presented. The seasonal PRE peak values across some locations in the West-African region were considered and compared with other sectors of the world. While most plasma drift observations in the African region were calculated from ionosonde measurements, the observations from other sectors involved direct measurement from satellite and the Incoherent Scatter Radar (ISR) observations. The importance of the PRE in ionospheric electrodynamics was highlighted, the better in the use of either the virtual or real heights of the F-layer in inferring vertical drift velocities were enumerated, revealing the strengths and weakness of each method. The general observations revealed that PRE peak magnitude is commonly weaker in the African region in comparison with the American/Peruvian and Indian sectors, seasonal and solar activity dependent, and could be higher during either magnetic quiet or disturbed activity than when both magnetic activity conditions are combined. The first work to present a regional PRE model around the African equatorial ionization anomaly region (Adebesin et al model) was mentioned. The relevance of the E × B drift in quantifying the daytime equatorial electrojet (EEJ) current was also discussed.