bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing effectiveness of exclusion fences in protecting threatened plants
Authors: Lorite Juan , Salazar-Mendías Carlos , Pawlak Roza , Cañadas Eva María
Published: August 2021

Overgrazing stands out as threat factors on biodiversity, being especially harmful in the Mediterranean, due to strong human pressure and an accelerated climate change acting synergistically. Fencing is a common tool used in conservation biology to tackle this problem. Advantages of fences are usually fast, intuitive, and easy to evaluate. However, disadvantages could also arise (increasing interspecific competition, disturbing habitat structure, limiting pollination, reducing dispersion). Together with management issues (maintenance, conflicts with stakeholders, and pulling effect). Effectiveness of fencing for conservation has been frequently assessed for animals, while it is almost a neglected topic in plants. We evaluated the outcome of fencing three threatened and narrow-endemic plants. Selected 5 populations were only partly fenced, which allowed comparing different variables inside and outside the fence. For evaluating the fencing effects, we sampled several habitats (vegetation cover, composition, density of target species), and target-species features (individual size, neighbouring species, and fruit-set). Fencing had strong effects on the habitat and on target-species individuals, showing contrasting responses at species and population level. Particularly, forErodium cazorlanum, fence had a positive effect in one case, and negative in another. InHormathophylla baeticaeffect was positive in all populations. Finally, fencing negatively affectedSolenanthus reverchoniiby increasing competition and limiting seed-dispersal. Fencing outcome was different in assessed species, highlighting the need to a case-by-case evaluation to determine the net balance (pros vs. cons), also its suitability and most favourable option (i.e. permanent vs. temporary fences).
Estrogen mediates sex differences in preoptic neuropeptide and pituitary hormone production in medaka
Authors: Yamashita Junpei , Nishiike Yuji , Fleming Thomas , Kayo Daichi , Okubo Kataaki
Published: August 2021

The preoptic area (POA) is one of the most evolutionarily conserved regions of the vertebrate brain and contains subsets of neuropeptide-expressing neurons. Here we found in the teleost medaka that two neuropeptides belonging to the secretin family, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (Pacap) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (Vip), exhibit opposite patterns of sexually dimorphic expression in the same population of POA neurons that project to the anterior pituitary: Pacap is male-biased, whereas Vip is female-biased. Estrogen secreted by the ovary in adulthood was found to attenuate Pacap expression and, conversely, stimulate Vip expression in the female POA, thereby establishing and maintaining their opposite sexual dimorphism. Pituitary organ culture experiments demonstrated that both Pacap and Vip can markedly alter the expression of various anterior pituitary hormones. Collectively, these findings show that males and females use alternative preoptic neuropeptides to regulate anterior pituitary hormones as a result of their different estrogen milieu.
Predicting the taxonomic and environmental sources of integron gene cassettes using structural and sequence homology of attC sites
Authors: Ghaly Timothy M. , Tetu Sasha G. , Gillings Michael R.
Published: August 2021

Integrons are bacterial genetic elements that can capture mobile gene cassettes. They are mostly known for their role in the spread of antibiotic resistance cassettes, contributing significantly to the global resistance crisis. These resistance cassettes likely originated from sedentary chromosomal integrons, having subsequently been acquired and disseminated by mobilised integrons. However, their taxonomic and environmental origins are unknown. Here, we use cassette recombination sites (attCs) to predict the origins of those resistance cassettes now spread by mobile integrons. We modelled the structure and sequence homology of 1,978 chromosomal attCs from 11 different taxa. Using these models, we show that at least 27% of resistance cassettes have attCs that are structurally conserved among one of three taxa (Xanthomonadales, Spirochaetes and Vibrionales). Indeed, we found some resistance cassettes still residing in sedentary chromosomal integrons of the predicted taxa. Further, we show that attCs cluster according to host environment rather than host phylogeny, allowing us to assign their likely environmental sources. For example, the majority of β-lactamases and aminoglycoside acetyltransferases, the two most prevalent resistance cassettes, appear to have originated from marine environments. Together, our data represent the first evidence of the taxonomic and environmental origins of resistance cassettes spread by mobile integrons.
Metallic Implants for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Bazaka O. , Bazaka K. , Kingshott P. , Crawford R. J. , Ivanova E. P.
Published: August 2021

Pure metals and their alloys are used in a broad range of medical devices, from electrodes used for tissue stimulation to stainless steel plates for bone fixation, and titanium- and cobalt-based alloys for dental implants and joint replacements. This is because they can bear large mechanical loads and resist fracture due to a favourable combination of tensile strength, and fracture toughness and strength. Through alloying and processing, metallic implants can be made to resist corrosion when they are used to permanently replace tissue, or degrade in a controlled manner for applications where tissue regeneration is expected. Their performance, however, can be significantly undermined by wear or corrosion-promoting events, such as loss of protective surface oxides and creation of microenvironments that hinder repassivation. Metallic and oxide wear debris and soluble metals released into the peri-implant space as a result of these processes can trigger a broad range of undesirable biochemical responses, from persistent local inflammation and bone loss, to systemic toxicity, to accelerated implant corrosion and mechanical failure. Prevention and even prediction of in vivo failure is challenging due to the complex and interconnected nature of chemical, physical and biological processes that take place within the peri-implant space. Further complications are added by their dependence not only on the materials properties but also the tissue/function that the material is applied in; the skill of the surgeon; the presence of microbial cells and their fragments; electrical stimulation and adjuvant therapies; and health status, life style and unique genetic makeup of the patient.
Inorganic–Organic Hybrids: Mimicking Native Bone
Authors: Park Hyeree , Rezabeigi Ehsan , Nazhat Showan N.
Published: August 2021

Bone is a representative hybrid tissue found in the native body and composed of collagen type I and hydroxycarbonated apatite that exhibits highly organised hierarchical structures from the nano- to the macroscale. Bone tissue engineering aims to overcome risks associated with current clinical bone repair strategies by providing alternative graft materials. A successful scaffold should ideally reflect bone, in terms of both composition and structure. Therefore, in this chapter, the defining characteristics of bone and the potential for hybrid scaffold materials, in particular mineralised collagen constructs, are discussed, to review the materials and manufacturing methods for effective biomimicry within bone tissue engineering.
Photo-induced variation of magnetism in coordination polymers with ligand-based electron transfer
Authors: Lu Yan-Lei , Lan Wen-Long , Shi Wei , Jin Qiong-Hua , Cheng Peng
Published: August 2021

A summary of the progress in the photo-induced variation of magnetism in coordination polymers with ligand-based electron transfer.
Semiconducting and magnetic properties of FeS-derived compounds (C2H8N2)xFeS and Ax(C2H8N2)yFeS (A = Li, Na)
Authors: Zheng Hui , Ding Changhao , Xu Han-Shu , Tang Lulu , Liu Huimin , Wei Lianwei , Tang Kaibin
Published: August 2021

Several FeS-derived intercalated compounds (C2H8N2)xFeS and Ax(C2H8N2)yFeS (A = Li, Na) were successfully synthesized via a novel ammonothermal method.
Boosting the quantum efficiency of the BiVO4 photoanode by increasing the oxygen vacancies for highly-efficient solar water oxidation
Authors: Li Bin , Qin Qi , Jian Chuanyong , Cai Qian , Liu Wei
Published: August 2021

An innovative thermal reaction route was employed to produce abundant oxygen vacancies in BVO, which promoted the charge separation and reduced the surface agglomeration, and then produced a uniform BVO crystal with high-performance.
High proton conductivity of NaMg1−xLixHx (PO3)3·yH2O with a three-dimensional open framework in the intermediate temperature range
Authors: Ueda Naoya , Nakajima Jun , Mori Daisuke , Taminato Sou , Imanishi Nobuyuki , Higashimoto Shinya , Matsuda Yasuaki
Published: August 2021

A mixed cation phosphate, NaMg1−xLixHx(PO3)3·yH2O, exhibits a proton conductivity of over 10−2 Scm−1 in the wide temperature range of 150–500 ° C under a non-humidified atmosphere, which is covering the desired operating temperature of fuel cells for automobiles and cogeneration systems.
Hydrogen bonded frameworks: smart materials used smartly
Authors: Yusov Anna , Dillon Alexandra M. , Ward Michael D.
Published: August 2021

Hydrogen-bonded host frameworks constructed from carefully selected molecular building blocks can exhibit architectures capable of encapsulating a wide range of guest molecules, with promising opportunities in key technologies.
Ruthenium(ii)-catalysed 1,2-selective hydroboration of aldazines
Authors: Pradhan Subham , Thiyagarajan Subramanian , Gunanathan Chidambaram
Published: August 2021

A simple ruthenium catalyst catalyses selective mono hydroboration of aldazines using pinacolborane.
Cannabidiol modulation of oxidative stress and signalling
Authors: Pereira Sónia R. , Hackett Becky , O’Driscoll David N. , Sun Melody Cui , Downer Eric J.
Published: August 2021

Cannabidiol (CBD), one of the primary non-euphoric components in the Cannabis sativa L. plant, has undergone clinical development over the last number of years as a therapeutic for patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndromes. This phytocannabinoid demonstrates functional and pharmacological diversity, and research data indicate that CBD is a comparable antioxidant to common antioxidants. This review gathers the latest knowledge regarding the impact of CBD on oxidative signalling, with focus on the proclivity of CBD to regulate antioxidants and control the production of reactive oxygen species. CBD is considered an attractive therapeutic agent for neuroimmune disorders, and a body of literature indicates that CBD can regulate redox function at multiple levels, with a range of downstream effects on cells and tissues. However, pro-oxidant capacity of CBD has also been reported, and hence caution must be applied when considering CBD from a therapeutic standpoint. Such pro- and antioxidant functions of CBD may be cell- and model-dependent and may also be influenced by CBD dose, the duration of CBD treatment and the underlying pathology.
Turn the Page, Speech-Language Pathologists: Adequate, Authentic, and Accurate Representation as a Consideration in the Selection of Picture Books for Use in Treatment
Authors: Harris Sierrah , Owen Van Horne Amanda J.
Published: August 2021

Purpose

This tutorial discusses what it means to be a culturally responsive speech-language pathologist (SLP) and then grounds this discussion in strategies that SLPs can engage in to diversify the books and other materials that they use in clinical practice.

Method

We motivate the tutorial by reviewing policy statements and theoretical information from allied literature. Then, we suggest some ways that SLPs can reflect on their practice to enact an antiracist/culturally responsive approach to treatment, taking the selection of children's literature up as a particular example. We identified strategies that have been suggested across a variety of fields and illustrate these strategies with examples. We both provide recommendations for how to select picture books and also suggest ways to implement these suggestions with accountability.

Conclusions

There is a need for SLPs to reflect on how to be culturally responsive in their practice and to review their materials selection practices with regard to how materials reflect the composition of their caseloads. As a predominantly White profession serving diverse caseloads, we have an ethical obligation to review our choice of materials and align them with culturally responsive practices.
The GRAVITY young stellar object survey
Authors:   GRAVITY Collaboration, Sanchez-Bermudez J. , Caratti o Garatti A. , Garcia Lopez R. , Perraut K. , Labadie L. , Benisty M. , Brandner W. , Dougados C. , Garcia P. J. V. , Henning Th. , Klarmann L. , Amorim A. , Bauböck M. , Berger J. P. , Le Bouquin J. B. , Caselli P. , Clénet Y. , Coudé du Foresto V. , de Zeeuw P. T. , Drescher A. , Duvert G. , Eckart A. , Eisenhauer F. , Filho M. , Gao F. , Gendron E. , Genzel R. , Gillessen S. , Grellmann R. , Heissel G. , Horrobin M. , Hubert Z. , Jiménez-Rosales A. , Jocou L. , Kervella P. , Lacour S. , Lapeyrère V. , Léna P. , Ott T. , Paumard T. , Perrin G. , Pineda J. E. , Rodríguez-Coira G. , Rousset G. , Segura-Cox D. M. , Shangguan J. , Shimizu T. , Stadler J. , Straub O. , Straubmeier C. , Sturm E. , van Dishoeck E. , Vincent F. , von Fellenberg S. D. , Widmann F. , Woillez J.
Published: August 2021

Context. Protoplanetary disks drive some of the formation process (e.g., accretion, gas dissipation, formation of structures) of stars and planets. Understanding such physical processes is one of the most significant astrophysical questions. HD 163296 is an interesting young stellar object for which infrared and sub-millimeter observations have shown a prominent circumstellar disk with gaps plausibly created by forming planets.

Aims. This study aims to characterize the morphology of the inner disk in HD 163296 with multi-epoch, near-infrared interferometric observations performed with GRAVITY at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer. Our goal is to depict the K-band (λ0 ~ 2.2 μm) structure of the inner rim with milliarcsecond (sub-au) angular resolution. Our data is complemented with archival Precision Integrated-Optics Near-infrared Imaging ExpeRiment (H-band; λ0 ~ 1.65 μm) data of the source.

Methods. We performed a gradient descent parametric model fitting to recover the sub-au morphology of our source.

Results. Our analysis shows the existence of an asymmetry in the disk surrounding the central star of HD 163296. We confirm variability of the disk structure in the inner ~2 mas (0.2 au). While variability of the inner disk structure in this source has been suggested by previous interferometric studies, this is the first time that it is confirmed in the H- and K-bands by using a complete analysis of the closure phases and squared visibilities over several epochs. Because of the separation from the star, position changes, and the persistence of this asymmetric structure on timescales of several years, we argue that it is probably a dusty feature (e.g., a vortex or dust clouds) made by a mixing of silicate and carbon dust and/or refractory grains, inhomogeneously distributed above the mid-plane of the disk.
Rieger-type periodicity in the total irradiance of the Sun as a star during solar cycles 23–24
Authors: Gurgenashvili E. , Zaqarashvili T. V. , Kukhianidze V. , Reiners A. , Oliver R. , Lanza A. F. , Reinhold T.
Published: August 2021

Context. Total solar irradiance allows for the use of the Sun as a star for studying observations of stellar light curves from recent space missions.

Aims. We aim to study how the mid-range periodicity observed in solar activity indices influences the total solar irradiance.

Methods. We studied periodic variations of total solar irradiance based on SATIRE-S and SOHO/VIRGO data during solar cycles 23–24 on timescales of Rieger-type periodicity. Then we compared the power spectrum of oscillations in the total solar irradiance to those of sunspot and faculae data to determine their contributions.

Results. Wavelet analyses of TSI data reveal strong peaks at 180 days and 115 days in cycle 23, while cycle 24 showed periods of 170 days and 145 days. There are several periods in the sunspot and faculae data that are not seen in total solar irradiance as they probably cancel each other out through simultaneous brightening (in faculae) and darkening (in sunspots). Rieger-type periodicity is probably caused by magneto-Rossby waves in the internal dynamo layer, where the solar cyclic magnetic field is generated. Therefore, the observed periods in the total solar irradiance and the wave dispersion relation allow us to estimate the dynamo magnetic field strength as 10–15 kG.

Conclusions. Total solar irradiance can be used to estimate the magnetic field strength in the dynamo layer. This tool can be of importance in estimating the dynamo magnetic field strength of solar-like stars using light curves obtained by space missions.
Plus Shaped Chipless RFID Tag
Authors: Ganesh Bhagure Vinay , Roy Choudhury Somdotta
Published: August 2021

Chip-less radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is capable for detecting, identification, and chasing for the future Internet of Things (IoT) systems and applications. The chipless RFID technology gives us the impression as a rising substitute of the traditional RFID tags and barcodes by encoding data from tags employing the radio frequency waves. The paper presents the design as well as simulation of chip-less Plus shaped RFID tags. The structure is composed of Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 by means of a substrate having the physical dimensions 40mm x 40mm over which eight resonators are placed. This tag is compact, and the resonators are closely placed. The tag is designed using Ansys Electronics Desktop.
Assessment of Water Quality using Fuzzy-AHP and TOPSIS
Authors: Sonavane Asmita , Narkhede Devyani , Pawar Shruti , Maktum Tabassum
Published: August 2021

The quality of water available to people has deteriorated because of the vast increase in global industries. The overall quality of water has reduced due to the high use of fertilizers in farms and chemicals in sectors such as mining and construction. The quality of water has a direct impact on the health of humans and hence it is necessary to evaluate the quality of drinking water. The quality of water is dependent on various substances like pH, ammonia, iron, arsenic etc. present in water. If these parameters are available in an appropriate amount in water then only the water is considered as of good quality. The problem of assessing water quality is usually considered as multi-criteria decision problem. In this paper an approach to evaluate quality of water using Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchical Process (Fuzzy-AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is proposed. The parameters which are considered for evaluation include Arsenic, Ammonia , Iron , Nitrate , Dissolved Oxygen and Ph. The relative importance of these parameters is utilized while applying the Fuzzy-AHP process and weights for each parameter are computed. The various datasets containing values for considered parameters are collected and the weights are used to assign quality levels to these water samples. The paper also gives the performance analysis of the proposed method in terms of accuracy. The accuracy is measured in terms of how many water samples are assigned correct quality level and the results show that the proposed method has better accuracy as compared to traditional AHP and Fuzzy-AHP method.
HealthDesk-A One Stop Health Application Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Soni Preet , Gandhi Yash , Mehta Vruddhi , Mangrulkar Ramchandra S.
Published: August 2021

HealthDesk is a mobile solution for all health-related queries. The application is for all the users of the healthcare
system. It covers all the major domains in the hierarchy. People have now started digitizing in this domain too. People have shown great trust in this. This helps us to provide the best. Despite this, individuals often face problems ordering their medicines online. There are high chances of people taking medications without a prescription. So, this application recommends top medicines that are similar to the one being ordered to avoid drug-drug interactions. In the scenario of patient emergency many applications for patient health monitoring and appointment scheduling have been developed. However, in the wake of an emergency, people tend to blank out or are unaware of nearby emergency services. So, the application has a feature that enables users to search the most nearby doctor and provide the doctor with the user's current location. The user can be provided with first aid immediately so that he doesn't succumb to death. The healthcare system has frequent updates. The doctors must remain at par with the updates. However, doctors find it strenuous to sit by and search. The app provides them with relevant news according to their preferences. Concluding, this app covers the most important stakeholders of the healthcare system.
Speech Emotion Recognition using Time Distributed CNN and LSTM
Authors: Salian Beenaa , Narvade Omkar , Tambewagh Rujuta , Bharne Smita
Published: August 2021

Speech has several distinguishing characteristic features which has remained a state-of-the-art tool for extracting valuable information from audio samples. Our aim is to develop a emotion recognition system using these speech features, which would be able to accurately and efficiently recognize emotions through audio analysis. In this article, we have employed a hybrid neural network comprising four blocks of time distributed convolutional layers followed by a layer of Long Short Term Memory to achieve the same.The audio samples for the speech dataset are collectively assembled from RAVDESS, TESS and SAVEE audio datasets and are further augmented by injecting noise. Mel Spectrograms are computed from audio samples and are used to train the neural network. We have been able to achieve a testing accuracy of about 89.26%.
Deep Learning based Human Action Recognition
Authors: Pandey Ritik , Chikhale Yadnesh , Verma Ritik , Patil Deepali
Published: August 2021

Human action recognition has become an important research area in the fields of computer vision, image processing, and human-machine or human-object interaction due to its large number of real time applications. Action recognition is the identification of different actions from video clips (an arrangement of 2D frames) where the action may be performed in the video. This is a general construction of image classification tasks to multiple frames and then collecting the predictions from each frame. Different approaches are proposed in literature to improve the accuracy in recognition. In this paper we proposed a deep learning based model for Recognition and the main focus is on the CNN model for image classification. The action videos are converted into frames and pre-processed before sending to our model for recognizing different actions accurately..
System for Appropriation & Management of Vehicular Spare-Parts
Authors: Karjigi Shreyank , Rao Rishi , Kotian Viraj , Jadhav Ashish
Published: August 2021

This paper proposes a system that simplifies the procurement and sale of vehicular spare parts and is particular focused on automotive spare parts. Car manufacturers have immense pressure to provide spare parts for all vehicles. For a car in production spares are available until the term decided by the manufacturer. For a car that is off production spare parts are available through sources such as local market and third-party dealers. But, sometimes there can be a scenario where a customer wants to buy a part from the manufacturer but the part may be very expensive for the customer. The main objective of the work is to bring the manufacturer, supplier and buyer on a common platform and enable customers to purchase spare parts in an efficient and easy manner providing multiple options through a cloud based platform.
An Improved Approach for Deep Web Data Extraction
Authors: Deshmukh Shilpa , Karde P.P. , Thakare V.R.
Published: August 2021

The World Wide Web is a valuable wellspring of data which contains information in a wide range of organizations. The different organizations of pages go about as a boundary for performing robotized handling. Numerous business associations require information from the World Wide Web for doing insightful undertakings like business knowledge, item insight, serious knowledge, dynamic, assessment mining, notion investigation, and so on Numerous scientists face trouble in tracking down the most fitting diary for their exploration article distribution. Manual extraction is arduous which has directed the requirement for the computerized extraction measure. In this paper, approach called ADWDE is proposed. This drew closer is essentially founded on heuristic methods. The reason for this exploration is to plan an Automated Web Data Extraction System (AWDES) which can recognize the objective of information extraction with less measure of human intercession utilizing semantic marking and furthermore to perform extraction at a satisfactory degree of precision. In AWDES, there consistently exists a compromise between the degree of human intercession and precision. The objective of this examination is to diminish the degree of human intercession and simultaneously give exact extraction results independent of the business space to which the site page has a place.
Numerical investigation on fluid dynamic characteristics around shoulder ventilation of submarine-launched vehicle
Authors: Gao Shan , Shi Yao , Pan Guang
Published: August 2021

In order to study the influence of the ventilating cavitation flow at the shoulder of a submerged-launched vehicle on the surface hydrodynamic characteristics, a three-dimensional potential model for the shoulder ventilation of the vehicle was established based on the homogeneous multiphase flow theory, standard RNG k-ε model, Singhal cavitation model and overlapping grid technology, and the numerical simulation of the unsteady evolution process of the ventilated cavitation flow was carried out, and the cavitation flow morphology evolution, surface pressure distribution and resistance characteristics under different ventilation rates were compared. The results showed that the thickness and length of the ventilated cavitation flow in the early stage of fusion continue increased with the increasing of ventilation volume, and its thickness and length changed slightly in the later stage; when the exhaust position did not change and the ventilation volume was within a certain range, the differential pressure resistance coefficient and viscous resistance coefficient decreased with the increasing of internal pressure of the ventilated cavity.
Common self-polar triangle of separate circles for light field camera calibration
Authors: Zhang Qi , Wang Qing
Published: August 2021

Due to the trade-off between spatial resolution and angular resolution of the light field, it is difficult to extract high precision corner points and line features from light fields for calibration. A novel calibration pattern of separate circles is designed, and a light field camera calibration method based on common self-polar triangle with respect to separate circles is proposed in this paper. First, we explore the uniquity and reconstruction of common self-polar triangle with respect to sperate circles. Then, based on projections of the multi-projection-center model on the plane and conic, the common self-polar triangle on the sub-aperture image is reconstructed and used to estimate planar homography. Finally, a light field camera calibration algorithm is then proposed, including linear initialization and non-linear optimization. Experimental results on both synthetic and real data have verified the effectiveness and robustness of the method and algorithm proposed.
Numerical simulation of n-dodecane spray combustion based on OpenFOAM
Authors: Li Wengang , Xiao Yinli , Lu Yipin , Cao Zhibo , Wu Juan
Published: August 2021

For the purpose of providing the scientific insights to combustion characteristics of spray jet, numerical calculations of reacting and non-reacting spray cases are performed for ECN (engine combustion network) Spray A (n-dodecane spray combustion) which coupled finite chemistry combustion model PaSR and detailed chemical reaction kinetics based on OpenFOAM. The applicability and accuracy of the spray model is verified in the non-reacting spray case, and it is found that the predicted spray characteristics such as the penetration length of liquid and vapor and the mixture fraction are in good agreement with the test results. The two processes of low-temperature reaction and high-temperature ignition experienced by n-dodecane spray ignition are analyzed in reacting spray case, and it is found that the low-temperature reaction continues to exothermic before high-temperature ignition, and continues to proceed stably after high-temperature ignition, which promotes high-temperature ignition and flame stability. Finally, the effects of different fuel injection pressures on ignition delay time and flame lift-off length are studied.
Study on characteristics of flow structure and generation of narrow-band in low-frequency noise for a slat
Authors: Wang Hongjian , Zhang Qiao
Published: August 2021

Low-frequency narrow-band noise is one of the important components in the slat noise. Based on the transient flow field analysis for multi-element airfoil 30P-30N, the main mode characteristics of the slat pressure fluctuation are analyzed by means of proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and dynamic model decomposition (DMD), and the key feature modes and the distribution of narrow-band frequencies for the slat are obtained. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and cross-correlation analysis are used to reconstruct the signal by preserving the low frequency characteristics of the original transient pressure signal. The locations of noise sources of the low-frequency narrow-band are determined according to the delay time and geometric relationship for characteristic points. The results show that the low-frequency narrow-band sound sources are mainly concentrated on regions of feature modes with large pressure fluctuations, such as slat trailing edge, downstream of the shear layer and the recirculation zone. Meanwhile, there are still some sound sources of low-frequency narrow-band distributed in regions of non-featured modes. The key characteristics of these regions are the interaction of flow structure between the trailing edge of the slat and the leading edge of the main wing due to collision of the shear layer.
Analysis on controllability and stability of quad-tilt-rotor aircraft in helicopter mode
Authors: Zhou Pan , Chen Renliang , Yu Zhiming
Published: August 2021

The controllability and stability of quad-tilt-rotor aircraft in helicopter mode are modeled and analyzed, which will provide a theoretical guidance for the subsequent control system design. First of all, the flight dynamics model is established considering rotor-wing interference and verified with relevant experiments. Then, a control strategy for helicopter mode is proposed with trim characteristic analysis. Finally, corresponding control efficiency and cross coupling are calculated and analyzed along with characteristics of the stability derivatives and eigenvalues. The results show that the value of heading control efficiency is much smaller than that of other channels. The longitudinal force and pitch moment caused by vertical control input increase with the increase of the velocity. Yawing moment caused by lateral control input shows similar variations. The velocity stability becomes worse with the increase of the velocity. The stability of all other modes is augmented as velocity increases except the spiral mode.
Research on the water and land motion performance of an amphibious vehicle
Authors: Wang Yonggan , Zhang Junmin , Wang Yongjuan , Xiang Yu , Ni Xiaoyang
Published: August 2021

The key motions of land and water are analyzed for a designed amphibious carrier robot. On land, based on the characteristics of the multi-joint crawler, the robot has planned two gaits for climbing steps on land. The kinematic models of climbing steps and climbing steps are established for the two planned gaits, and the maximum height that the robot can climb steps is obtained based, Based on the laws of dynamics, the stability equation of the robot under strong transient impact is established to obtain the conditions for the robot to maintain its own stability when the robot is under strong transient impact during traveling, which provides a theoretical basis for the attitude control of the robot arm. In the water, the fluid numerical method is used to simulate the underwater motion of the robot's swing arm in the extended and retracted state, obtain the traveling resistance and surface pressure of the robot's swing arm crawler in the two states, analyze the relationship between the robot's traveling resistance and speed, obtain the relationship expression between the robot's traveling resistance and the traveling speed, and provide data support of the state selection and speed setting of the robot's underwater crawler.
Clinical staff perceptions on the quality of end-of-life care in an Australian acute private hospital: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Saunders Rosemary , Glass Courtney , Seaman Karla , Gullick Karen , Andrew Julie , Wilkinson Anne , Davray Ashwini
Published: August 2021

Objective To explore the perceptions of clinical staff on the quality of end-of-life care in an acute private hospital. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of clinical staff in an acute private hospital were surveyed using a validated end-of-life survey. Data from the surveys were analysed using descriptive statistics for quantitative responses and inductive content analysis for the open-ended responses. Results Overall, 133 staff completed the survey. Of these, 107 had cared for a dying patient in the hospital. In total, 87.6% of participants felt confident in their ability to recognise a dying patient and 66.7% felt confident in their ability to talk to the patient and family. Almost one-third had not received specific training in the area. Conclusions Hospitals need to take the lead in ensuring end-of-life care processes are embedded across clinical areas. This includes providing staff with end-of-life care education and support in the delivery of end-of-life care. These strategies will facilitate safe and quality end-of-life care, including better collaboration between patients, families and staff. What is known about the topic? Key to providing quality end-of-life care in hospitals are strategic guidelines that support good clinical governance and adequately trained staff to deliver the care. What does the paper add? This study highlights the importance of clinical staff in all areas having skills and confidence in providing care to dying patients and their families. What are the implications for practitioners? It is important that all health practitioners implement strategies to overcome gaps in staff education and support, to ensure all patients and families receive quality end-of-life care.
Linear response in large deviations theory: a method to compute non-equilibrium distributions
Authors: Freitas Nahuel , Falasco Gianmaria , Esposito Massimiliano
Published: August 2021

We consider thermodynamically consistent autonomous Markov jump processes displaying a macroscopic limit in which the logarithm of the probability distribution is proportional to a scale-independent rate function (i.e. a large deviations principle is satisfied). In order to provide an explicit expression for the probability distribution valid away from equilibrium, we propose a linear response theory performed at the level of the rate function. We show that the first order non-equilibrium contribution to the steady state rate function, g(
x
), satisfies

u

(

x

)

⋅
∇
g

(

x

)

=
−
β

W

˙

(

x

)

where the vector field
u
(
x
) defines the macroscopic deterministic dynamics, and the scalar field

W

˙

(

x

)

equals the rate at which work is performed on the system in a given state
x
. This equation provides a practical way to determine g(
x
), significantly outperforms standard linear response theory applied at the level of the probability distribution, and approximates the rate function surprisingly well in some far-from-equilibrium conditions. The method applies to a wealth of physical and chemical systems, that we exemplify by two analytically tractable models—an electrical circuit and an autocatalytic chemical reaction network—both undergoing a non-equilibrium transition from a monostable phase to a bistable phase. Our approach can be easily generalized to transient probabilities and non-autonomous dynamics. Moreover, its recursive application generates a virtual flow in the probability space which allows to determine the steady state rate function arbitrarily far from equilibrium.
Hydroponically Planting Ipomoea Aquatica Vegetables Using Planting Media from Used Goods
Authors: Nurwahyudi M A , Hatta H
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the growth of ipomoea aquatica plants using hydroponic techniques with planting media treatment. Ipomoea aquatica is a plant that is a type of vegetable that is easy to obtain, easy to cultivate, processed consumptive and quite economical. Media for seeding, nursery, used cup as a media for plants, which is used is water to facilitate the growth process. Harvesting is carried out in about 25 days. Maintenance of kangkung plants includes controlling and measuring pH. The research method used is to test the hypothesis using the t-test. From the results of this study, it was found that there was a significant difference in the height of the kangkung plants to the treatment of the planting medias. Uneconomical planting medias / industrial business scale plants have an average height growth of ipomoea aquatica plants which is better and more economical than the use of economical planting medias.
The Potential of Pure Chitosan in Increasing Eggshell Thickness Silver Arabic Chicken (Silver brakel kriel)
Authors: Sahara E , Sandi S , Yosi F , Sari M L , Riswandi  , Agustina R
Published: August 2021

The quality of chicken eggs is greatly influenced by the nutrient ration consumed. Chitosan is a crustacean waste product that is biodegradable and anti-germ so it is suitable to be given to poultry. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of chitosan on the external quality of chicken eggs. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 5 replications, each replication consisting of 2 Arab chickens aged 4.5 months. The study was conducted for 7 weeks. The treatments given were: R0 (control ration without chitosan), R1 (ration + chitosan 0.5%), R2 (ration + chitosan 1%), R3 (ration + chitosan 1.5%), R4 (ration + chitosan 2%), R5 (ration + chitosan 2.5%). The results showed that chitosan had the potential to improve the external quality of eggs. The dose of chitosan 1.5% in the ration was significantly higher (P <0.05), increasing the thickness of the eggshell of all treatments, while the egg index and egg weight still showed the same value (P> 0.05). The conclusion of this study was that the dose of 1.5% chitosan in the ration had a shell thickness 32.56% higher than the control.
Farmer’s Perception of Climate Change and the Impacts on Livelihood in South Sulawesi
Authors: Arifah  , Salman D , Yassi A , Demmallino EB
Published: August 2021

Climate change and variability have affected people, especially in developing countries whose livelihood depends upon agriculture. Smallholder farmers in South Sulawesi are identified as particularly vulnerable with climate change impact and have limited knowledge on how to make production decisions in uncertain environment. The farmer’s perception and the impact of climate change are crucial factors that affect farm productivity and adaptation strategy. This study investigates the perceptions of farmers towards climate change and the impacts. Therefore, a cross-sectional survey was conducted with a random sample of 120 smallholders’ farmers that were distributed into 4 districts in South Sulawesi. It was discovered that the majority of the respondents believed that climate change is real and about 83 percent of them acclaimed this phenomenon had caused negative effect on their livelihood. Some indications of the impact of climate change include increasing temperatures, and long dry seasons that had reduced rain-fed rice production. The results also indicate that pests and plant diseases had elevated in several places due to uncertain weather. In addition, climate change had influenced the availability of water sources. Hence, policy implications are that appropriate strategies are crucial to help farmers make adaptation choices in this situation.
Community Empowerment Model to Flooding Risk Reduction in Palembang City (A Case Study of Gotong Royong Program)
Authors: Sandy A , Sriati  , Azhar  , Siswanto A
Published: August 2021

Palembang, as the capital city of South Sumatera, is one of the cities in Indonesia that flooded almost every year. The Palembang city government has run several programs to overcome this problem, such as formulating environmental policies, construct pumping plant, and normalization. Moreover, Palembang City Government since 2015 promoted mutual cooperation program called Gotong Royong aimed at tackling waste issue and river rehabilitation. However, the main cause of this problem has not been fully resolved because of poor communication and engagement. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to find out public perception about the Gotong Royong Program and design a model of community empowerment to flooding risk reductionin Palembang City. Data were collected by deep interviews, documentations, and observations. The results of the research suggest that if Gotong Royong are to proliferate, close attention must be paid to public participation, attitudes, and knowledge towards flood management, collaboration among local government, communities, and NGOs.
Model of Environmental Caring Character Development in SMA Lubuklinggau City
Authors: Warah  , Alfitri  , Arifin Z , Riswani
Published: August 2021

This research is motivated by the issue of rampant environmental damage that has occurred due to the increasing exploitation of natural resources by humans. The exploitation of natural resources occurs as a result of the increasing human population growth, so that in order to meet their needs, more resources are needed. Another trigger is that humans have a materialistic nature that triggers them to obtain greater economic results in exploiting their environment. The problem is, the exploitation carried out is not accompanied by the principle of natural conservation, so that exploitation of natural resources has an impact on environmental degradation. As a solution, a caring character development model is needed which is oriented to develop a caring attitude towards humans. Regarding this solution, it is also necessary to carry out an analysis to identify the aspects that play a role in encouraging the effectiveness of the implementation of environmental education. This research was carried out at SMA Kota Lubuklinggau. The research was conducted with a quantitative approach. Collecting research data in this study is primary data. The data collection technique used was the questionnaire distribution technique. The population in this study were 9 high school level public schools in Lubuklinggau City. In this study, testing was carried out on two models, namely the agency model for the structure and the structure model for agency.
The Response of Water Level Depth to Vegetation Composition in Degraded Peatland: a Case Study of Sriwijaya Wetland Botanical Garden, Indonesia
Authors: Maryani S , Novriadhy D
Published: August 2021

Peatland restoration requires revegetation with attention to different arrangements and planting patterns according to land cover conditions, the peat’s thickness, and the water level. The study aims to assess the response of water level depth to vegetation composition in degraded peatland. The study used a prospective observational approach in real environmental situations. In the 3x3 m observation box divided into four quadrants, five monitoring wells were made using a pipe size of ¾", planted vertically at each corner point of the observation box and its center. The amount of species is counted manually and differentiated by plant growth form (tree or else). At the same time, the composition is measured by the proportion of trees in a particular quadrant. The result showed at least fourteen species identified in the observation box with the majority in the form of an understory plant. The study also found some irregular patterns of the water level changes. The study concluded that the water level is likely to respond to species’ roots systems rather than vegetation composition.
Antioxidant Profile of Heartwood and Sapwood of Caesalpinia sappan L. Tree’s Part Grown in Imogiri Nature Preserve, Yogyakarta
Authors: Arsiningtyas I S
Published: August 2021

The usage of natural antioxidant from medicinal plants has been grown recently. One of them is wood of Caesalpinia sappan L. In community usage, the tree would be cut down to in order to get the wood. The extensive usage might lead to the extinction of C. sappan wood because it grows wildly. This research aims to investigate antioxidant profile of each wood parts of C. sappan grown in Imogiri Nature Preserve Yogyakarta. Wood were collected based on the main, middle, and branch of tree. Each wood was separated into heartwood and sapwood part. The collected wood material was macerated using ethanol 50%. The extracts were investigated for their phytochemistry content qualitatively. The antioxidant profile was obtained based on their DPPH radical scavenging activity and Folin-Ciocalteau phenolic content. The result showed all wood part contained alkaloid, tannin and saponin. Triterpenoid and flavonoid were found in wood part except for branch sapwood. Total phenolic content of C. sappan wood was in the range from 443,20 ± 8,87 to 885,12 ± 11,56 mg GAE/100 g dry extracts. All the wood part resulted very strong antioxidant activity based on the IC50 value (< 50 ppm) range from 7.1 to 24.4 ppm. These results of this study showed that in order to use the C. sappan wood as natural antioxidant agent sustainably, there is no need to cut down all the C. sappan tree. This study has demonstrated, for the first time, that wood part of C. sappan has very strong antioxidant activity, even in branch sapwood part.