bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker Cosmological Model with Time-Dependent Cosmological Constant in Brans-Dicke Theory of Gravity
Authors: Basumatary Anindita , Mahanta Chandra Rekha
Published: January 2025

Recently, there has been much interest in investigating outstanding problems of cosmology with modified theories of gravity. The Brans-Dicke theory of gravity is one such theory developed by Brans and Dicke absorbing Mach’s principle into the General Theory of Relativity. In Brans-Dicke theory, gravity couples with a time-dependent scalar field ϕ through a coupling parameter ω. This theory reduces to the General Theory of Relativity if the scalar field ϕ is constant and the coupling parameter ω →∞. In this paper, we consider a flat Friedmann-Lemaıtre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) universe with a time-dependent cosmological constant in Brans-Dicke theory of gravity. Exact solutions of the field equations are obtained by using a power law relation between the scale factor and the Brans-Dicke scalar field ϕ and by taking the Hubble parameter H to be a hyperbolic function of the cosmic time t. We study the cosmological dynamics of our model by graphically representing some important cosmological parameters such as the deceleration parameter, energy density parameter, equation of state parameter, jerk parameter, snap parameter, lerk parameter etc. The statefinder diagnostic pair of the model is also obtained and the validity of the four energy conditions, viz. the Strong energy condition (SEC), Weak energy condition (WEC), Dominant energy condition (DEC) and Null energy condition (NEC), is examined. We find that the universe corresponding to our model is expanding throughout its evolution and exhibits late time cosmic acceleration, which is in agreement with the current observational data.
FLRW cosmological model in f(R,T) gravity
Authors: Beesham Aroonkumar
Published: January 2025

In this paper, the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker cosmological models with a perfect fluid in the f(R,T) theory of gravity are re-discussed. There are several ways to generate solutions. One way is to assume a barotropic equation of state. The other is to use a deceleration parameter that varies linearly with time. An existing solution in the literature is reviewed, where solutions are obtained by assuming, in addition to a barotropic equation of state, a linear varying deceleration parameter. It is pointed out such an assumption leads to an over-determination of the solution. Hence, the feasibility of the solutions is a necessary condition to be satisfied. Only one of the assumptions of an equation of state or of a linearly varying deceleration parameter is sufficient to generate solutions. The proper solutions are given and discussed.
Effect of Sintering Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Zirconia Ceramics for the Needs of Nuclear Energy
Authors: Chernov I.O. , Lobach K.V. , Sayenko S.Yu. , Kolodiy I.V. , Lytovchenko S.V. , Pylypenko O.V. , Kholomieiev H.O. , Mazilin B.O.
Published: January 2025

The paper provides experimental results of obtaining high-density ZrO2+3%Y2O3 ceramics, which is promising for use as a matrix for immobilization of HLW. The effect of sintering temperature in the range of 1100...1650 °C on the microstructure of the sintered tablets was studied. Phase composition and microstructure of experimental samples were characterized by XRD and SEM. Grain size distribution analysis was carried out using the "Thixomet" image analyzer. Microhardness was determined using a metallographic complex LECO (USA), an inverted microscope IM-3MET and a hardness tester UIT HVB-30. It was established that increase in the sintering temperature leads to a significant increase in the average grain size (from 85 nm to 1000 nm) and increase in the density of the sintered tablets. Sintering temperature should be at least 1550...1650 ºС to produce high-dense ceramics (97...98 % of theoretical value). Obtained ceramics is characterized by high values of microhardness HV > 12 GPa and crack resistance of 5.5...6.3 MPa·m1/2.
Electronic, Structural, Optical and Mechanical Properties of Cubic Structured Ln2X3 (Ln = La→Lu & X=O,S): An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Verma Ajay Singh , Yadav Pooja , Yadav Dheerendra Singh , Singh Dharmvir , Singh Pravesh
Published: January 2025

In this publication, we have examined the structural, optical, and mechanical features of cubic structured lanthanide Ln2X3 (Ln = La→ Lu and X = O, S) series using the valence electron plasma oscillation theory of solids. Using the Chemical bond theory of solids, which was created by Phillips and Van-Vechten, we have further confirmed our findings. Unfortunately, it has been discovered that the Phillips and Van-Vechten (PVV) dielectric description is applicable exclusively to semiconductors and insulators. It is shown that an empirical relationship previously presented by Yadav and Bhati [D.S. Yadav, J. Alloys and Comp. 537, 250 (2012); D.S. Yadav, and D.V. Singh, Phys. Scr. 85, 015701 (2012); D.S. Yadav, J. Mater. Phys. Chem. 3(1), 6-10 (2015); R. Bhati, et al., Mater. Phys. Mech. 51, 90 (2023); R. Bhati, et al., East Eur. J. Phys. (1), 222 (2023).] relating the plasmon energy of complex structured solids, rock salt, and zinc-blende to their electronic, mechanical, static, and dynamical properties which can be applied to the cubic structured lanthanide (Ln2S3 & Ln2O3) series with only minor modifications. Considering the well-known theory of dielectric for solids, an alternative technique has been devised to evaluate the electronic, structural, mechanical, and optical properties of these materials, including their band gap (∆Eg in eV), optical dielectric constant, homopolar and heteropolar gaps, average energy gaps, chemical bond ionicity, and bulk muduli. An estimate was computed based on the almost inverse relationship between the plasmon energy of these compounds and their optical, mechanical, structural, and electrical characteristics. For these substances, the expected values of the aforementioned parameters form a straight line when plotted on a log-log scale against the plasmon energy (ħωp). We examined the C‑type Ln2X3 compounds using the recommended methods, and the values we estimated are in good agreement with the values obtained from modified PVV theory and other comparable experimental and theoretical data that is currently available.
Study of Defect Structure of Silicon Doped with Dysprosium Using X-Ray Phase Analysis and Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Daliev Khodjakbar , Utamuradova Sharifa , Khamdamov Jonibek , Norkulov Shahriyor B. , Bekmuratov Mansur
Published: January 2025

In this paper, the effect of doping silicon with dysprosium (Dy) on its structural and optical characteristics is investigated. Silicon n-Si was doped with dysprosium by thermal diffusion at 1473 K for 50 h. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis were used for the analysis. The Raman spectroscopy results showed a main peak at 523.93 cm⁻¹, corresponding to n-Si optical phonons, with an increase in the intensity and full width at half maximum (FWHM) in n-Si samples, indicating an improvement in the crystallinity of the structure. A decrease in the intensity of the peaks at 127.16 cm⁻¹ and 196.24 cm⁻¹, associated with amorphous structures, confirms a decrease in defects. The detection of a new peak at 307.94 cm⁻¹ indicates successful deposition of dysprosium as nanocrystallites associated with the 2TA phonon mode in the cubic phase of Dy2O3. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed characteristic structural lines indicating the (111) crystalline orientation and the presence of microdistortions in the lattice. Heat treatment and rapid cooling lead to a change in the intensity of structural lines, an increase in the second- and third-order lines, which indicates microstrains and a change in the size of subcrystallites. Doping of silicon with dysprosium improves the crystallinity of the structure, reduces the number of defects and forms polycrystalline layers on the surface consisting of SiO2 and Dy2O3 nanocrystals.
Factors Influencing the Ideality Factor of Semiconductor p-n and p-i-n Junction Structures at Cryogenic Temperatures
Authors: Abdullayev Jo`shqin , Sapaev Ibrokhim B.
Published: January 2025

This article elucidates the dependence of the ideality factor on both internal functional parameters and external factors in semiconductors at low temperatures. We have explored the influence of external factors such as temperature and external source voltage. Through numerical modeling and theoretical analysis, we thoroughly investigate the dependencies of semiconductor material internal functional parameters—including doping concentration, the bandgap of semiconductors, the lifetime of charge carriers, and geometric dimensions ranging from micrometers to nanometers— the ideality factor on p-n and p-i-n junction structures. Our analysis spans cryogenic temperatures from 50 K to 300 K, with intervals of 50 K. To conduct this study, we have focused on p-n and p-i-n junction structures fabricated from Si and GaAs. The selected model features geometric dimensions of a=10 μm, b=8 μm, and c=6 μm. The thickness of the i-layer ranged from 10 µm to 100 µm in 10- µm increments. Increasing the thickness of the i-layer results in a corresponding rise in the ideality factor.
Scale Modeling of the Influence of Multiple Localized Defects of Metal Surface on Optical Ellipsometry Results
Authors: Haluza Oleksii , Kolenov Ivan , Gruzdo Iryna
Published: January 2025

The work is devoted to the problem of ellipsometric studies of real surfaces and considers the case when surface inhomogeneities are individual localized defects or conglomerates with a size comparable to the wavelength of the probing radiation. Such inhomogeneities lead to angular dependences of ellipsometric parameters that have a non-classical form and cannot be described using conventional well-known models of homogeneous planar layers. This work focuses on the influence of conglomerates of localized defects on the angular dependences of ellipsometric parameters and serves as a continuation of earlier studies in which single localized defects were considered. The dependence of the degree of influence of the distance between defects on the ellipsometric parameters is examined. The parameter “critical distance” between defects is introduced, beyond which they can be considered as localized, and estimates of this parameter for the considered configurations are provided.
Studies of the Impact of UV on CMC PVA/ZnO Nanocomposite Films Prepared with a Simple Solution Casting Method
Authors: Aydi Abdelhedi , Ibrahim Sarah A. , Oueslati Abderrazek
Published: January 2025

The synthesis of nanocomposite films comprising carboxymethyl cellulose/ polyvinyl alcohol (CMC PVA) mixed with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) through a simple solution casting method is examined. Furthermore, the impact of ZnO NPs and UV‑irradiation exposure for varying durations (20,45,75h) on the morphology (FE-SEM) is investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy are utilized to analyze the as-prepared films. Furthermore, the field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images reveal a noticeable change in the morphology of CMC PVA/ZnO nanocomposite films attributed to the significant impact of ZnO nanoparticles and UV exposure. The XRD spectra demonstrate a modification in the amorphous phase of the samples as a result of UV exposure The FTIR analysis reveals that the exposure to UV radiation positively influenced the polymer's structure, as evidenced by notable changes in the infrared peaks. Additionally, the UV-Vis spectroscopy results indicate that longer UV exposure times (75 hours) and the addition of ZnO nanoparticles resulted in improved absorption characteristics within the produced films. The nanocomposite films displayed an adjustable energy gap (Eg) that varied between (4.52 eV and 4.55 eV) as the duration of UV irradiation increased from (20 hours) (75 hours) led to a reduction in the energy gap (Eg) value to (4.50 eV). This phenomenon is believed to be caused by the substantial influence of UV radiation on the development of structural defects. Ultimately, the Energy gap Eg of the nanocomposite films was influenced by the duration of UV. The results demonstrate that there is significant potential for the utilization of CMC/PVA/ZnO nanocomposite films in various crucial optoelectronic applications.
Polyacrylamide’s Rheological and Physicochemical Properties: Analysis and Applications
Authors: Asrorov Ummatjon A.
Published: January 2025

This study presents an in-depth rheological characterization of polyacrylamide polymers produced locally, employing the Anton Paar MCR 92 (Modular Compact Rheometer). The polymer samples were systematically analyzed to understand their response to various external stimuli. Using infrared spectroscopy, the composition of the polymer was meticulously verified, ensuring a robust assessment of its molecular structure and chemical stability under different environmental conditions. Our findings elucidate the significant potential of polyacrylamide in diverse industrial applications, attributable to its adaptable viscoelastic properties and chemical resilience. The implications of this research are profound, suggesting enhanced utility of polyacrylamide in fields requiring precise material behavior modulation under dynamic conditions.
Effects of ZnS Buffer Layer on Performance of CIGS Solar Cell
Authors: Abdelali Laid , Abid Hamza , Zidani Ikram , Meksi Aissa , Bendaoudi Zaid , Bouguenna Abdellah
Published: January 2025

Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS)-based thin-film solar cells are currently among the most efficient. Zinc sulfide (ZnS) is the best buffer layer used in CIGS-based solar cells because it is non-toxic and has a wide band gap. In this study, we present a simulation of a CIGS solar cell with a ZnS buffer layer, carried out using the Silvaco-Atlas simulator. We attained an efficiency of 24.13%, short-circuit current of 37.81 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage of 740 mV and a fill factor of 78.78% at a bandgap around 1.41 eV, corresponding to an x ratio of 0.5. The photovoltaic performance of the ZnS/CIGS solar cell is improved by optimizing the effects of layer parameters such as thickness, acceptor and donor densities of the CIGS absorber and ZnS buffer layers. For a 0.035 μm thick ZnS acceptor with a density of 6 × 1017 cm-3 and a 3 μm thick CIGS donor with a density of 1018 cm-3, a maximum efficiency improved to 27.22%.
The The Gas-Sensitive Properties of Tin Dioxide Films
Authors: Yunusaliyev Nuritdin Y.
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the fabrication and performance of SnO2 thin films for gas sensing applications, utilizing a deposition method at 2 bar pressure and 8 ml/min flow rate. A multilayer structure was developed, comprising 14 layers, each with a thickness of 250 nm, optimized for sensitivity and stability. The gas sensor, featuring a film heater and sensitive elements doped with a 1% silicon additive, demonstrated a wide operational temperature range (20-370 °C). Characterization of resistance changes revealed significant hysteresis before isothermal annealing, with resistance values stabilizing after prolonged exposure to 370 °C. Post-annealing, the sensor exhibited three orders of magnitude higher resistance, indicating improved stability and electronic transport properties. Doping with a 1N AgNO3 solution significantly enhanced sensitivity to ammonia, with a detection threshold of 500 ppm, while sensitivity to alcohol vapors decreased, indicating selectivity. Experimental results confirm that local doping and thermal treatment effectively enhance the metrological characteristics of SnO2-based sensors, making them suitable for detecting toxic gases.
Enhancement of Molecular Structural and Linear/Nonlinear Optical Features of Chitosan/Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging and Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Guirguis Osiris , Alharbi Najlaa D.
Published: January 2025

The current study aims to synthesize and characterize nanocomposite films of chitosan and titanium dioxide in terms of molecular structure, thermal and optical properties for use in food packaging and optoelectronic applications. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to study the interaction between the TiO2-NPs and chitosan and the analysis confirmed that TiO2-NPs interacted with chitosan and demonstrated good compatibility. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis revealed that increasing the concentration of TiO2-NPs improved the thermal stability of the nanocomposites. The linear optical properties in the UV-Vis range (200–800 nm) were measured spectrophotometrically. Below 400 nm, the transmittance spectra of the nanocomposites show decreased degrees of transparency, indicating their capacity to entirely block UV-light transmission. Tauc's model was used to identify the types of electronic transitions in the samples. The single-oscillator model was utilized to investigate the dispersion energy and parameters. Nonlinear optical properties were also investigated. UV-Vis in the region (360-410 nm), the analysis revealed that increasing the concentration of TiO2-NPs from 0 to 12 wt% reduced the absorption edge from 2.716 to 2.043 eV, decreased the direct (3.282 to 2.798 eV) and indirect (2.417 to 1.581 eV) energy band gaps, increased the Urbach energy from 0.692 to 1.295 eV, decreased the dispersion energy from 11.324 to 5.621 eV, decreased the single oscillator energy from 6.308 to 5.393 eV, and improved the other linear and nonlinear parameters. The findings support the usage of CS/TiO2 nanocomposite films in the packaging industry and a variety of optical applications.
Interaction of Heavy Metals with β-Lactoglobulin: Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Zhytniakivska O. , Tarabara U. , Vus K. , Trusova V. , Gorbenko G.
Published: January 2025

β-Lactoglobulin (β-lg), the predominant whey protein, is renowned for its nutritional and functional attributes, including its ability to bind hydrophobic and charged molecules. These properties make β-lg a promising candidate for applications such as drug delivery systems, nutraceutical carriers, and nanocomposites for environmental remediation, particularly in detecting and removing heavy metals. Despite its potential, the impact of heavy metal binding on β-lg's structure and stability remains insufficiently explored, posing challenges for its advanced applications. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to investigate the structural and dynamic responses of β-lg to the binding of heavy metal ions—Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺, Co³⁺, Pb²⁺, and Pt²⁺. A series of 200-ns MD simulations for the metal-protein complexes was conducted at 300 K using GROMACS software and the CHARMM General Force Field. Key structural parameters analyzed included backbone root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), radius of gyration (Rg), solvent-accessible surface area (SASA), and root-mean-square fluctuations (RMSF). The results demonstrated that binding of Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺, Co³⁺, Pb²⁺, and Pt²⁺ destabilized the protein's structure, with notable effects observed in critical regions such as the EF loop, H-strand, and AB loop. The extent of destabilization varied depending on the specific heavy metal ion. These findings emphasize the need for detailed residue-level analyses to fully elucidate the structural changes induced by metal binding and their implications for β-lg's functional properties. This work provides valuable insights into the behavior of β-lg under heavy metal binding and lays the groundwork for developing β-lg-based nanosystems for environmental and biomedical applications.
The Formation of Ion-Acoustic Solitary Waves in a Plasma Having Nonextensive Electrons and Positrons
Authors: Khanam Rafia , Barman Satyendra Nath
Published: January 2025

In this plasma model, consisting of ions, electrons and positrons have been theoretically investigated when both the electrons and positrons are obeying q-nonextensive velocity distribution. The reductive perturbation method is used to obtain a Korteweg-de Vries(KdV) equation describing the basic set of normalized fluid equations. The ion-acoustic solitary waves model are depended on nonextensive parameter, electron to positron temperature ratio, ion to electron temperature ratio and streaming velocity are investigated numerically. It has been found that solely fast ion-acoustic modes can produce the coexistence of small amplitude rarefactive solitons.
Generalized Ghost Pilgrim Dark Energy in Brans–Dicke Theory
Authors: Prasanthi Yetchena , Davuluri Neelima
Published: January 2025

This paper aims to investigate, how the Bianchi Type-V cosmological model can be solved using the generalized ghost pilgrim dark energy postulated by the Brans-Dicke theory of gravitation (Phys. Rev.124, 925 1961). To discover the answers, we rely on the assumptions of (i) the correlation between metric potentials and (ii) the exponential relationship between scale factor and scalar field. The generalized ghost pilgrim dark energy model has been found to be correlated with the polytrophic gas dark energy model. A few physical quantities have been used to explain the solutions' physical behavior.
ADVERTISING TEXTS IN KAZAKH: CHANGES AND LANGUAGE FEATURES
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Quatbek Duysen , Makhambetova Aidana , Zhanabekova Ayman
Published: January 2025

Advertising is a prominent cultural phenomenon in modern society’s globalization period. Adver-tising texts are extremely diverse by type and genre composition. Even though the primary function of advertising is to stimulate and increase buyer demand, in recent years, it has been shown that it summa-rizes the ways humans perceive and understand the world. Subsequently, an advertising text attracts the attention of linguists as a unique linguistic phenomenon. The complexity and versatility of advertising texts require copywriters to consider national and cultural characteristics constantly. The article aims to draw attention to the transformation in the structure of advertising texts, de-scribe changes, and discuss language issues of advertising texts. It focuses on determining the qualita-tive characteristics of advertising texts and how their cultural levels are changing under the influence of legislation. It also focuses on determining the features of quality advertising texts in the Kazakh language for Kazakh consumers. The article notes the peculiarity of companies in the advertising industry in the production of texts. The language of advertising is very different from other ways of communication in the information field around each person. Studying the linguistic features of advertising allows us to recognise adver-tising texts as the database that represents cultural values and ethnic division within a society, and in linguistic aspect, we can consider it like a mirror of modern information society.
LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE: AN ANALYSIS OF PUBLICATIONS IN SCOPUS
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Zhanzhigitov Syrym , Bakytzhanova Altyn , Mamieva Bakhytkul
Published: January 2025

The linguistic landscape is one of the most actively developing areas of modern linguistics. The ar-ticle examines the linguistic landscape as an object of sociolinguistic research and provides an overview of 774 research papers related to the linguistic landscape published in the Scopus database from 2000 to 2023. The theoretical significance of the research is determined from the point of view of systemati-zation of knowledge related to the linguistic landscape and a deeper understanding of the versatility of modern research in this area. A systematic study of the linguistic landscape makes it possible to clarify the boundaries of this area and identify the main trends in its development. This, in turn, contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of language in social and cultural processes. The results of the study show that the number of studies in the field of linguistic landscape has increased significantly in recent years. This trend means that the linguistic landscape has become an important object of study in many regions, becoming increasingly global. Geographical and industry analysis of publications shows that the problem of linguistic landscape is at the junction of many sciences and requires interdisciplinary research. Research conducted in the fields of sociolinguistics, cultural studies, urban studies and educa-tion clearly shows how wide and relevant this problem is. The conclusions of the study emphasize the importance of continuing linguistic landscape research in the context of globalization and digitalization of public space. A deep understanding of the interrelationships between language, society and culture in the context of intensive interaction of various linguistic communities in the common information and cultural space is extremely necessary at the present stage. The study of the linguistic landscape will make it possible to form effective strategies aimed at developing language policy, improving intercultural com-munication and preserving linguistic diversity.
THE GEOPOLITICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF KAZAKHSTAN’S URANIUM RESERVES IN THE GLOBAL SECURITY
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Tumanshiyev Darkhan , Issova Laura , Abduali Madina
Published: January 2025

The article describes the role of the Kazakhstan as one of the largest uranium producers and produc-ers and exporters in the world and its impact on global security. With its extensive uranium reserves, Kazakhstan plays a key role in meeting the world’s needs for nuclear energy, which significantly enhance its geopolitical importance. The article analyzes key aspects of Kazakhstan’s uranium diplomacy, includ-ing its participation in international non- proliferation initiatives, as well as the development of strategic partnerships with countries such as Russia, China, the United States and the European Union. Particular attention is paid to how Kazakhstan uses its uranium resources to strengthen its position in world poli-tics, balancing the interests of the world’s largest powers and ensuring energy security. The article also touches upon the challenges and prospects in the field of uranium resource management, including is-sues of ensuring environment and population. Kazakhstan’s uranium resources can become an become an important tool for strengthening national security, stability and enhancing the country’s international authority in nuclear diplomacy and energy cooperation.
EY DISCOURSES OF ТURKISH EURASIANISM AND THEIR IMPACT ON ТURKEY’S FOREIGN POLICY
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Zhumatay Gabit , Yskak Akmaral
Published: January 2025

The paper sheds light on Turkish Eurasianism (Avrasyacılık), identifying various versions and tradi-tions of Eurasianism in Turkey. Analyzing conceptual, theoretical, and ideological underpinnings of dif-ferent varieties of Turkish Eurasianism, we will look into how they affect Turkey’s foreign policy course, especially in steering the country away from the conventional unidimensional pro-Western orientation and shifting it towards greater Eurasia through building a strategic alliance with states in Eurasia. The results of our research have shown that all varieties of Turkish Eurasianism to a certain extent are anti-im-perialist, anti-Western and counter-hegemonic discourses, which place greater emphasis upon Turkey’s strategic independence from the West and its shift towards Eurasia. Yet it has been also revealed that despite their forceful advocacy for a deep paradigm shift and foreign policy change by reorienting from pro-Western to pro-Eurasian policy, as political forces Turkish Eurasianists are not powerful and their influence in informing and guiding Turkish foreign policy is rather marginal and limited. It is evident that despite the ruling AKP and its leaders occasionally ally themselves with Turkish Eurasianists, Turkey’s foreign policy is based on realism and pragmatism, rather than sentimentalism and ideology. From this standpoint, it would be premature to talk about the Turkish disengagement from the West and its pivot to Eurasia, as Ankara’s security and foreign policy are closely intertwined with the West and deeply em-bedded within the Western security system.
Actual Issues of Law Enforcement of the «Global Zero» Concept in the Implementation of the Disarmament Principle
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Bolat Alibek , Saimova Sholpan
Published: January 2025

In this scientific article, current issues of legal application in the implementation of the “Global Zero” concept within the principle of disarmament are analyzed. The aim of the study is to identify legal obstacles in the realization of the “Global Zero” concept aimed at complete nuclear disarmament and to propose ways to overcome them. During the research, theoretical and practical aspects of disarmament principles in international law were examined. The main idea is the necessity to improve the internation-al legal system to create a world free of nuclear weapons. The scientific and practical significance of the work is associated with developing proposals aimed at accelerating the disarmament process. The study employed methods such as analysis, comparative legal method, historical, and systemic analysis. The main results identified issues like incomplete implementation of international legal norms, the stance of nuclear powers, insufficiency of control mechanisms, and lack of political will. The conclusions of the study contribute to the improvement of legal application in the field of disarmament. The results have practical significance for forming disarmament policies of international organizations and states. The practical value lies in facilitating the creation of a world free from nuclear weapons through the imple-mentation of the proposed measures.
Research on the Difficulties and Countermeasures of Vocational Education Students Education Management under the Background of Industry and Education Integration
Authors: Deng Shudan
Published: January 2025

Under the perspective of industry-education integration, the education management of higher vocational students has increasingly attracted attention. The education management of students also exhibits diversified and humanized characteristics, and school-enterprise cooperation and collaborative talent cultivation can be further developed. To comprehensively advance socialist modernization and implement various national development regulations, higher vocational colleges should combine industry-education integration in student education management, closely focusing on teaching themes, teaching resources, and student subjects to conduct explorations, identify existing problems in educational management, and adhere to employment-oriented coordinated development to extract higher-quality educational resources. Fully leveraging the roles of different entities can help improve the quality of student education management in higher vocational colleges, thereby enhancing the quality of higher vocational education.
Data Intelligence Empowering Path for Evaluation of Teachers’ Ideological and Political Work in Higher Education
Authors: Liu Dongxue , Sun Hongtao , Huang Luoying , Li Luying
Published: January 2025

Monitoring and evaluating teachers’ ideological and political work in Chinese universities is critical, but there are practical challenges in evaluating it scientifically and efficiently. Big data and artificial intelligence technologies provide new ideas and methodologies to address these challenges. This study proposes a technical path empowered by data intelligence for evaluating university teachers’ ideological and political work. It conducted comprehensive profiling and assessment based on data by establishing an evaluation framework through Large Language Model (LLM) technology, data analysis, and visualization methods. This study provides references for the implementation path and methodological strategies to enable quality monitoring and evaluation of university teachers’ ideological and political work in the era of digital intelligence.
Dwa istotne wyzwania (wobec) współczesnej pedagogiki specjalnej w Polsce
Authors: Zaorska Marzena
Published: January 2025

Doświadczane przez społeczeństwa w pierwszej połowie XXI wieku zmiany cywilizacyjne, warunkowane między innymi rozwojem nauki, w tym szczególnie rozwojem nauk technicznych, medycznych, społecznych i humanistycznych, kreują przed wieloma dyscyplinami wiedzy nowe wyzwania i nowe zadania, także zadania i wyzwania dotyczące samostanowienia, pozyskiwania nowej, własnej tożsamości, realizacji dyskursu o perspektywicznej przyszłości w kontekście wpisania się w wymogi obecnych transformacji społeczno-kulturowych, politycznych oraz transformacji dotyczących jakości życia współczesnych ludzi. Nieodosobniona w tych zmianach jest również pedagogika specjalna. Dlatego też, aby nadal realizować swoją historyczną misję, powinna zastanawiać się oraz podejmować konkretne działania na rzecz dalszego rozwoju wpisanego w myślenie o zmianie statusu subdyscypliny naukowej na dyscyplinę samodzielną oraz ochrony zawodu poprzez przygotowanie i procedowanie zmian prawnych. Stąd w treści danego artykułu podjęto refleksję nad możliwościami uczynienia z pedagogiki specjalnej samodzielnej dyscypliny nauki oraz przygotowania ustawy o zawodzie pedagoga specjalnego.
Dostępność cyfrowa jako aspekt edukacji włączającej
Authors: Gutowski Patryk
Published: January 2025

Artykuł omawia kwestie dostępności cyfrowej w polskim systemie edukacyjnym, podkreślając kluczowa rolę technologii cyfrowych w zapewnieniu równych szans edukacyjnych dla wszystkich uczniów, niezależnie od ich indywidualnych potrzeb. Artykuł eksploruje trzy główne obszary: przepisy i standardy dotyczące dostępności cyfrowej w Polsce, rolę nauczyciela w wykorzystaniu dostępnych cyfrowo materiałów edukacyjnych oraz potencjalny wpływ rozwijających się narzędzi cyfrowych na inkluzyjną dydaktykę. Podkreśla potrzebę ciągłego doskonalenia kompetencji cyfrowych nauczycieli, zapewnienia im wsparcia w dostosowywaniu wykorzystywanych materiałów dydaktycznych oraz konieczność przeprowadzania dalszych badań w celu dokładnej analizy inkluzywności cyfrowych materiałów edukacyjnych.
Kształcenie umiejętności życia codziennego w grupie chłopców ze spektrum autyzmu w wieku od 8 do 13 lat z użyciem gry terapeutycznej – wstępne wyniki badań
Authors: Grzankowska Izabela , Matulewski Jacek , Golasik Barbara , Sobczuk Wojciech , Matulewska Katarzyna
Published: January 2025

Nabywanie umiejętności życia codziennego (daily living skills) w kontekście społecznym i w środowisku domowym jest szczególnie istotne dla osób ze spektrum autyzmu ze względu na ich znaczne trudności w tym obszarze funkcjonowania. Zastosowanie edukacji z wykorzystaniem rozwiązań technologicznych sprawia, że nauka codziennych czynności staje się bardziej atrakcyjna, a wsparcie może być łatwiej dostępne bez względu na miejsce zamieszkania. Według tak sformułowanych założeń przygotowano grę terapeutyczną dla grupy 36-ciu wysoko funkcjonujących chłopców ze spektrum autyzmu w wieku od 8 do 13 r.ż., którzy wraz z jednym z rodziców uczestniczyli w treningu czynności życia codziennego, z uwzględnieniem strefy najbliższego rozwoju uczestnika. Chłopcy otrzymali aplikację mobilną „Halo, Ziemia!” instalowaną na ich własnych smartfonach z zadaniami dotyczącymi umiejętności z życia codziennego. Oczekiwanym efektem było osiągnięcie możliwie dużej samodzielności w zakresie ćwiczonych umiejętności na drodze współpracy z opiekunem, który stopniowo redukować zakres wsparcia. W celu oceny osiągnięć uczestników zastosowano dwa pomiary, pre- i post-test. W rezultacie okazało się, że poziom umiejętności w zakresie funkcjonowania codziennego chłopców z grupy badanej po treningu okazał się istotnie wyższy. Ważnym ograniczeniem badań była społeczna kwarantanna spowodowana epidemią COVID-19, która nastąpiła tuż po rozpoczęciu treningu i wykluczyła możliwość realizacji wielu zadań poza domem.
System Numicon w perspektywie uniwersalnego projektowania oraz uniwersalnego projektowania w edukacji
Authors: Kubiak-Kazuła Dagmara
Published: January 2025

Pomimo że system Numicon został stworzony już w latach 90. XX wieku, z powodzeniem wykorzystywany jest nadal w zakresie edukacji matematycznej. Badania ewaluacyjne tegoż systemu wykazały skuteczne wykorzystywanie go w zróżnicowanych grupach odbiorców (Kubiak 2017). Wyniki te skłaniają do refleksji nad jego „uniwersalnością. Celem poniższego artykułu jest analiza systemu Numicon w odniesieniu do zasad uniwersalnego projektowania (jako określonego zbioru pomocy dydaktycznych) oraz uniwersalnego projektowania w edukacji (jako całościowej koncepcji nauczania arytmetyki). Na drodze do dokonania analizy został opisany system Numicon – narzędzia, założenia metodyczne oraz etapy pracy z materiałami Numicon. Następnie przeanalizowano dwa obszary systemu – jego warstwę fizyczną oraz warstwę metodyczną.
Psychospołeczne wsparcie i zdrowie psychiczne dzieci oraz młodzieży niesłyszących i niedosłyszących: przegląd literatury
Authors: Gulip Małgorzata
Published: January 2025

W niniejszym artykule przeglądowym omówiono badania dotyczące psychospołecznych wyzwań, wsparcia oraz rozwoju rezyliencji u dzieci niesłyszących i niedosłyszących (DHH). Włączenie dzieci DHH do szkół masowych, a także specyficzne potrzeby rodziców i nauczycieli, zostały szeroko zbadane w kontekście ich wpływu na dobrostan dzieci. Przedstawiono także kluczowe badania nad rolą optymizmu, przekonań o przezwyciężaniu trudności oraz czynników komunikacyjnych w rozwijaniu zdolności adaptacyjnych. Wyniki wskazują, że dzieci niesłyszące i niedosłyszące doświadczają większej liczby problemów psychospołecznych, jednak odpowiednie wsparcie, w tym adaptacje programów, takich jak RESCUR, może pozytywnie wpłynąć na ich jako jakość życia i rozwój rezyliencji. W artykule przedstawiono także ograniczenia dotychczasowych badań oraz kierunki przyszłych poszukiwań naukowych.
Eklektyczny charakter twórczości Rosalíi w kontekście zarzutów o przywłaszczenie kulturowe
Authors: Cupisz Jakub
Published: January 2025

Celem artykułu jest analiza twórczości muzycznej Rosalíi, ze szczególnym zwróceniem uwagi na jej eklektyczny charakter. Katalońska artystka w swoich piosenkach wykorzystuje wiele stylów muzycznych, łącząc je najczęściej w niespodziewany i eksperymentalny sposób. Jej twórczość budzi kontrowersje, największe emocje w debacie publicznej wywołał jej drugi album El mal querer, który jest głównym przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu. Wzbudził kontrowersje przede wszystkim z uwagi na fakt wykorzystania w nim elementów flamenco, uważany przez niektórych za gatunek zarezerwowany dla południowohiszpańskich Romów. Z tego powodu w tekście zostanie poruszona kwestia przywłaszczenia kulturowego, o które artystka jest oskarżana przez część społecznościandaluzyjskiej.
Sztuczna inteligencja w służbie nauki. Gdzie są granice wykorzystania AI w pracy naukowca?
Authors: Musiał Adrian
Published: January 2025

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie o granice wykorzystania AI w szeroko pojętej nauce, w tym ograniczeń i ryzyk, a także szans i perspektyw rozwoju. W artykule omówione zostaną dotychczasowe badania na temat wykorzystania AI w nauce i procesie kształcenia w szkołach oraz na uczelniach wyższych oraz pojawiające się w dyskursie opinie z tym związane. W związku z tym, że tematyka podejmowana w niniejszym artykule ciągle się zmienia, tekst nie wyczerpuje odpowiedzi na zadane pytania, a stanowi jedynie punkt wyjścia do dalszej analizy. Ma charakter przeglądowy.
The novel Ikaros by Axel Jensen as an example of road literature in Norwegian prose of the 1950s
Authors: Szkołut Paweł
Published: January 2025

The aim of this article is to present the novel Ikaros by Axel Jensen as an example of road literaturein Norwegian prose of the 1950s. Analysis of the book, which is set in Algeria in 1953/54 and hasbiographical overtones, is conducted in relation to themes of history, adventure, ethnography,mysticism and mythology. It is also shown against the background of the development of Norwegianliterature in the 1950s, in connection with its most important writers and phenomena,and highlights some of the mythical symbols and archetypes that are embedded in Europeanliterature and culture. Additionally, it shows – in a prophetic way – how the identificationof the novel’s main protagonist with the symbol of Icarus was fulfilled in the author’s later life.
Peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance phosphine
Authors:   European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Álvarez Fernando , Arena Maria , Auteri Domenica , Leite Sofia Batista , Binaglia Marco , Castoldi Anna Federica , Chiusolo Arianna , Colagiorgi Angelo , Colas Mathilde , Crivellente Federica , De Lentdecker Chloe , De Magistris Isabella , Egsmose Mark , Fait Gabriella , Ferilli Franco , Broussarad Monica Fittipaldi , Santonja German Giner , Gouliarmou Varvara , Halling Katrin , Ippolito Alessio , Istace Frederique , Jarrah Samira , Kardassi Dimitra , Kienzler Aude , Lanzoni Anna , Lava Roberto , Leuschner Renata , Linguadoca Alberto , Louisse Jochem , Lythgo Christopher , Magrans Oriol , Mangas Iris , Mioč Andrea , Miron Ileana , Molnar Tunde , Padovani Laura , Padricello Vincenzo , Panzarea Martina , Parra Morte Juan Manuel , Piti Alexandra , Rizzuto Simone , Romac Anamarija , Rortais Agnès , Santos Miguel , Serafimova Rositsa , Sharp Rachel , Szentes Csaba , Terron Andrea , Theobald Anne , Tiramani Manuela , Vianello Giorgia , Villamar‐Bouza Laura
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The conclusions of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) following the peer review of the initial risk assessments carried out by the competent authorities of the rapporteur Member State Spain and co‐rapporteur Member State Germany for the pesticide active substance phosphine are reported. The context of the peer review was that required by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 844/2012. The conclusions were reached on the basis of the evaluation of the representative uses of phosphine as a post‐harvest indoor insecticide to control insects infesting stored grains (barley, oat, rye, wheat), cacao and coffee beans, tree nuts and oilseeds and dried fruit via gassing application (gas‐tight rooms/container). The reliable end points, appropriate for use in regulatory risk assessment are presented. Missing information identified as being required by the regulatory framework is listed. Concerns are identified.
Safety of mineral salt containing potassium and magnesium as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283
Authors:   EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA), Turck Dominique , Bohn Torsten , Cámara Montaña , Castenmiller Jacqueline , De Henauw Stefaan , Jos Ángeles , Knutsen Helle Katrine , Maciuk Alexandre , Mangelsdorf Inge , McNulty Breige , McArdle Harry J. , Naska Androniki , Pentieva Kristina , Siani Alfonso , Thies Frank , Aguilera‐Gómez Margarita , Cubadda Francesco , Frenzel Thomas , Heinonen Marina , Neuhäuser‐Berthold Monika , Poulsen Morten , Prieto Maradona Miguel , Schlatter Josef Rudolf , Siskos Alexandros , van Loveren Henk , Turla Emanuela , Hirsch‐Ernst Karen Ildico
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on a mineral salt, containing potassium and magnesium, as a novel food (NF) pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. The NF is a mineral salt that consists mainly of magnesium potassium trichloride hexahydrate. The information provided on the composition is sufficient for characterising the NF and does not raise safety concerns. The production process is sufficiently described and does not raise safety concerns. The NF is intended to be added to meat, sausages and dishes based on pasta, rice and other cereals. Taking into account the composition of the NF and the proposed use and use levels, the Panel considers that the consumption of the NF is not nutritionally disadvantageous. Regarding the presence of bromide in the NF, the Panel notes that the combined daily intake of bromide from the NF and the background diet does not exceed the tolerable daily intake of bromide of 0.4 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day. Based on its physicochemical characteristics and solubility data, the NF is expected to be dissociated in the gastrointestinal tract. Taking into account the composition and the nature of the NF, the Panel considers that no toxicological studies with the NF are required. The Panel concludes that the NF (i.e. a mineral salt containing potassium and magnesium) is safe under the proposed conditions of use.
THE EFFECT OF EQUALIZATION FUNDS, UNEMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN BIREUEN REGENCY
Authors: Windiyani Windiyani , Murtala Murtala
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the effect of equalization funds, unemployment and poverty on economic growth in Bireuen Regency. The data used in this study is skunder data from 2008-2017 obtained from the Central Statistics Agency. The data analysis method used in this study is multiple linear regression. The results showed that partial equalization funds, unemployment and poverty did not have a significant effect on economic growth in Bireuen District. Simultaneously, equalization funds, unemployment and poverty also have no effect on economic growth in Bireuen County.
DIGITAL TOOLS AND HISTORICAL INQUIRY: A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY OF DIGITAL HISTORY RESEARCH
Authors: D Ashok Kumar
Published: January 2025

This bibliometric study explores the evolving field of digital history, focusing on its scholarly trends, key contributors, and thematic developments. Digital history involves the study and presentation of historical narratives using digital tools and technologies to enhance interpretation, collaboration, and accessibility. The analysis uses data from the Scopus database, processed with Biblioshiny and VOSviewer software, to examine 458 documents spanning 1998–2024. Key findings include annual scientific production trends, identification of the most relevant authors, and analysis of prominent sources such as Lecture Notes in Computer Science and CEUR Workshop Proceedings. A three-field plot illustrates the relationships between sources, authors, and keywords, highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of the field. Thematic analysis using a thematic map and keyword co-occurrence network categorizes topics into foundational, emerging, niche, and motor themes, revealing methodological innovations such as text mining and data visualization. Bibliographic coupling and co-authorship analyses showcase collaborations among researchers and nations, emphasizing the global and collaborative nature of digital history. The study identifies gaps in foundational theoretical development, the limited integration of niche themes, and the underutilization of computational methodologies across subfields. Practical implications include recommendations for strategic resource allocation, curriculum development, and the creation of user-friendly digital tools for historians. Overall, this research provides a comprehensive overview of the field’s current landscape and suggests pathways for its future growth and interdisciplinary integration.