bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Modelling of COVID-19 with Vaccination, Quarantine and Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions
Authors: Abdulrahman Mustapha  , Samuel Musa  , Musa Abdullahi  , Abdulmumini Husseini
Published: March 2024

This study formulated and analyzed a deterministic mathematical model of ten compartments for the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 infection using a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations. The system has disease-free and endemic equilibrium points. The basic reproduction number   was obtained using the next-generation matrix method and the stability of the equilibrium points were analyzed. From the qualitative analysis, the disease-free equilibrium point is both locally and globally asymptotically stable. Finally, numerical simulations of the model were carried out using MATLAB R2021a. Based on the result obtained, it was concluded that the implementation of vaccination, non-pharmaceutical intervention as well as contact tracing and quarantine can lead to effective control or elimination of the COVID-19 pandemic. And hence, we recommend that the responsible agencies should create a way of enlightening the public on the need of being vaccinated for COVID-19 so as to prevent themselves from getting infected; also, adequate and effective implementation of vaccination and non-pharmaceutical interventions is required in order to prevent or curtail the COVID-19 infection completely.
COVID-19,  Non-pharmaceutical intervention, Quarantine, Stability analysis,  Vaccination
A Nonlinear Mathematical Model for the Effect of Diabetes Population on a Community
Authors: Kwaghkor Lubem M. , Adamu Samuel , Abdullahi Mohammed , Mohammed Suleiman
Published: March 2024

This work presents a compartmental-based mathematical model of susceptible, diabetes without complications, diabetes with minor and major complications to study the effect of diabetes population on the population dynamics of a community. The model is a system of four nonlinear differential equations of first order. The solution of the model was found to exist and is positive by positivity analysis using a contradiction method. The diabetes-free and the diabetes-endemic equilibrium points were also found to be locally asymptotically stable using the Routh-Hurwitz Stability Criterion for a degree n-polynomial. The numerical simulation of the model was carried out using various scenarios and the results show that diabetes population in a community has great effect on the population dynamics of the community either positively or negatively. The results here represent a real-life scenario thereby making the proposed model realistic.
 
Diabetes, Mathematical Model, Simulation, Stability
Mathematical Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus Model with Interventions in Taraba State, Nigeria
Authors: Bashir Umar S. , Umar Ahmed
Published: March 2024

A new version of a mathematical model for the dynamics of the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) with a combination of three interventions was proposed. The primary focus of the study was to combine treatment, vaccination, and media campaigns as control strategies for reducing the spread of HBV. The study established the existence of a disease-free steady state of the model. The disease-free steady state was both locally and globally asymptotically stable. Additionally, the numerical results revealed that combining the three interventions is the best control strategy for curbing the menace of HBV. The study suggested that more effective campaign efforts should be supplemented with other major control strategies to get substantial paybacks in curbing the menace of HBV.
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV),   Intervention Stability, Steady-State
Mobile Application Software as Guidance and Counselling Tool for Students of Federal College of Education, Gidan Madi
Authors: M. Sani Sirajo , Tukur Mansur , Sani Misbahu , Shehu Sadiq , Rahman Umar A.
Published: March 2024

This project aims to develop a Mobile Application Software as a Guidance and Counselling Tool for Students of Federal College of Education Gidanmadi, Sokoto State, Nigeria. The goal is to provide students with a convenient, accessible, and effective way to access mental health services and support. The project involves a needs assessment, literature review, conceptual framework development, user interface design, mobile application development, usability testing, data analysis, design changes and evaluation. The methodology will be tailored to the specific needs and goals of the research, and may involve different stages and methods depending on the context and resources available. The expected results of developing a mobile application software as a guidance and counselling tool for students include increased accessibility, improved student well-being, enhanced counselor efficiency, greater student engagement, increased student retention, and improved student satisfaction. At the end of the research the students can be able to use the mobile application software for easy access to counselling and guidance services that can help them cope with various challenges they face in their academic and personal life.
Guidance and counseling, Information and communication technology, Mobile application
Case Report: Iatrogenic Infertility Due to Missed IUCD
Authors: Jethani M
Published: March 2024

IUCD is a widely accepted contraceptive prevelant among Indian Women. IUCD can lead to iatrogenic infertility. Such cases pose a challenge in diagnosis and treatment of patients. This is important in women where IUCD insertion is done by health workers, and patients are not exactly aware of its presence. CASE -A 42yr old woman complaining of Abnormal uterine bleeding. Abdominal X-ray showed a radio-opacity which resembled IUCD. Hence we did a Hysteroscopy, confirmed, localised and removed the missing device. CONCLUSION-Proper utilization of X-ray and Hysteroscopy helps to localize an IUCD for further management of patient to restore the fertility in patient and give them a chance to conceive again.
El constructivismo y su prevalencia en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la educación básica en Machala. Caso de estudio
Authors: Ordoñez Ocampos Byron Patricio , Ochoa Romero Maurely Edith , Espinoza Freire Eudaldo Enrique
Published: March 2024

This research dealt with the educational paradigm that prevails in the teaching-learning process of the “Heroes of Paquisha” School. The objective was to identify the prevalence of some educational theory in which this process is centered. The type of research is qualitative-quantitative in nature, for which it relied on theoretical methods and a questionnaire for collecting field information. Among the results obtained, it was found that the predominant model is the traditional one, although from the teaching perspective it was shown to be the constructivist, a situation opposed to that corroborated by observation in practice. Which led to the conclusion that teachers still have shortcomings in the application of content under a declared pedagogical scheme and that it is focused on the student, which ultimately damages the actions in the classroom to the speakers, in addition to discouraging them and as a consequence their interest in study decreases, which results in low academic performance.
Pendekatan Ilmiah Supervisi Pengajaran
Authors: Mujibur Rohman
Published: March 2024

Pelaksanaan supervise dalam pembelajaran, supervisor perlu memperhatikan karakteristik guru yang dihadapi berbeda-beda. Perbedaan tersebut dapat dilihat dari sisi usia dan kematangan, pengalaman kerja, motivasi maupun kemampuan guru, karena itu, supervisor perlu menerapkan pendekatan yang sesuai dengan karakteristik guru yang dihadapainya. Karena penggunaan pendekatan yang tidak sesuai (kurang sesuai), kegiatan supervise dimungkinan tidak akan berjalan dengan efektif.
Asociación entre Valoración Nutricional, Estadificación de la Sarcopenia y Fragilidad en una población de Adultos Mayores (Estudio VANESSA-F)
Authors: Zavala Rubio Juan de Dios , De la Mata Márquez Miriam Judith , Pardo Chavira Yahaira Sadai , Izaguirre García Ilse Ivana , Coronado Mendoza Adriana , Aguilar Enríquez Juan Pablo
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Determinar la asociación del estado nutricional y la presencia de sarcopenia (SP) y fragilidad, utilizando escalas breves y aplicables en medicina familiar. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo, analítico, descriptivo y transversal en la Unidad de Medicina Familiar N°24 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social de Ciudad Mante, Tamaulipas. México. Se incluyeron a 252 pacientes adultos mayores (AM) que acudieron a la consulta externa de medicina familiar. Previo consentimiento informado y aceptación se realizó antropometría y aplicación de cuestionarios: MNA-SF, SARC-F, FRAIL y Evaluación de la marcha (Get up and Go). Resultados: Los participantes fueron en total de 252 AM; sexo femenino con 143 sujetos (42.18%), masculino 109 (32.15%). La frecuencia de variaciones en el Índice de Masa Corporal fue de bajo peso en 5 mujeres (2%), Sobrepeso 104 sujetos (41.2%) y Obesidad 83 sujetos (32.9%). El riesgo de desnutrición por medición de pantorrilla (<30cm) estuvo presente en 51 sujetos (20.2%). Desnutrición y riesgo de desnutrición con base a MNA-SF fue de 21 (8.3%) y 127 (50%) sujetos respectivamente, 82 (32.5%) sujetos con alta probabilidad de SP y 144 (57%) con baja probabilidad de SP, Pre fragilidad en 131 (51.9%) sujetos, probable fragilidad en 59 (23.4%) sujetos. Conclusiones: Los exámenes del estado nutricional regulares en el AM son prácticos para la detección temprana y seguimiento con el objetivo de prevenir los riesgos asociados a sarcopenia y fragilidad.
The impacts of higher education institutions on sustainable development: A field Study
Authors: Alkhaldy Ayman
Published: March 2024

The current study sought to identify the role of higher education institutions in spreading a culture of environmental sustainability. The study used a social survey with a random sample of 30 male and female students who were selected non-randomly. The results of the study showed that university youth contribute to spreading the culture of environmental sustainability through university activities, and the university also spreads the culture of the environment by providing books and publications related to environmental preservation. On the other hand, the study found that curricula and programs are not linked to what is happening in the local environment. Some limitations of the research also emerged, such as the lack of modern curricula whose topics help spread the culture of environmental sustainability.
 
سعت الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف على دور مؤسسات التعليم العالي في نشر ثقافة الاستدامة البيئية. استخدمت الدراسة المسح الاجتماعي من خلال عينة عشوائية مقدارها 30 طالباً وطالبة تم اختيارهم بالطريقة غير العشوائية. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن الشباب الجامعي يساهم في نشر ثقافة الاستدامة البيئة من خلال الانشطة الجامعية، وكذلك تقوم الجامعة في نشر ثقافة البيئة من خلال توفير الكتب والمنشورات المتعلقة بالمحافظة على البيئة. في المقابل وجدت الدراسة أن عدم ربط المناهج والمقررات الدراسية بما يحدث في البيئة المحلية، كما برزت بعض المحددات للبحث والتي تتمثل في عدم وجود مناهج حديثة تساعد موضوعاتها في نشر ثقافة الاستدامة البيئية.
Contaminated Water Effects on Human Health: A Case of Pakistan
Authors: Zubair Asim , Zhang Lingling , Myint Mo Mya
Published: March 2024

It is vital to have clean water for a healthy lifestyle. Drinking polluted and dirty water causes millions of people to perish. This study's goal was to investigate the effects of tainted water on Rahim Yar Khan's population's health. Rahim Yar Khan's water management and monitoring are subpar, and the city's subsurface water is unfit for drinking because high concentrations of calcium, magnesium, chloride, hardness, and heavy metal are present. The data's empirical component was gathered from hundred replyers in Rahim Yar Khan. The interview schedule was the tool utilized in this study's with the help of purposive sampling for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were applied to the data analysis. This study examined public perceptions of the negative health effects after consuming contaminated water and the results shows that high level of diseases are increasing in that selected area just because of drinking contaminated water, some people seemed concerned because of poor hygiene measures for drinking water. The results of this study shows high level of health risk in that selected area for human health.
INVENTARISASI PENINGGALAN PRASEJARAH DI KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI DAN PEMANFAATANNYA SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR SEJARAH DI SMA
Authors: Mahfud Mahfud
Published: March 2024

Banyuwangi merupakan kabutapen yang terletak di ujung timur pulau jawa yang memiliki beragam daya tarik wisata baik wisata alam maupun budaya. Pengembangan pariwsata di Kabupaten banyuwangi belum maksimal mengingat sampai saat ini masih terfokus pada pengembangan wisata alam, sedangkan pariwisata sejarah masih belum dikembangkan. Padahal banyuwangi memiliki asset sumberdaya arkeologi yang sangat melimpah yang terdiri dari masa prasejarah, sejarah klasik, dan kolonial tersebar diberbagai daerah seperti Wongsorejo, Kalipuro, Banyuwangi, Kabat, Rogojampi, Muncar, Sempu, dan Songgon. Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk (1) menginventarisasi persebaran peninggalan Pra-sejarah yang ada di Kabupaten Banyuwangi; (2) mengetahui pemanfaatan peninggalan prasejarah sebagai sumber belajar sejarah di SMA. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa teori, yaitu: 1) Sumberdaya Arkeologi; 2) Pariwisata; dan 3) Pariwisata Sejarah. Penelitian ini menggunakan bentuk dan strategi deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan data berupa wawancara mendalam, observasi langsung, dan studi dokumen. Data yang diperoleh divaliditas dengan menggunakan triannggulasi data, peneliti, teori, dan metodelogis. Sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif yang meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, sajian data, dan penarikan simpulan/verifikasi.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peninggalan prasejarah di banyuwangi meliputi situs gua di Songgon, Situs Goa di Wongsorejo, situs gua di Kalipuro, dan situs neolitik di kendenglembu. Sedangkan untuk pemanfaatanya sebagai media dan sumber belajar sudah diterapkan oleh sekolah-sekolah SMA di Kabupaten Banyuwangi.
Rozkład ciężaru dowodu w postępowaniach administracyjnych prowadzonych na podstawie ustawy o przeciwdziałaniu nieuczciwemu wykorzystywaniu przewagi kontraktowej w obrocie produktami rolnymi i spożywczymi
Authors:   Sołtysiński, Kawecki & Szlęzak., Kanton Krzysztof
Published: March 2024

Artykuł analizuje aspekty dowodowe w postępowaniach prowadzonych przez Prezesa Urzędu Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów (dalej: Prezes UOKiK) na podstawie przepisów o przeciwdziałaniu nieuczciwemu wykorzystywaniu przewagi kontraktowej w obrocie produktami rolnymi i spożywczymi. Powyższe aspekty, w tym podstawowa kwestia rozkładu ciężaru dowodu w ramach postępowania administracyjnego stają się obecnie bardzo istotne ze względu na surową politykę egzekwowania przepisów o przewadze kontraktowej i stale zaostrzającą się penalizację praktyk przedsiębiorców objętych przedmiotową regulacją. Ważne jest zagwarantowanie przestrzegania zasady, która obarcza Prezesa UOKiK ciężarem wykazania naruszenia i wyklucza jednocześnie negatywne konsekwencje dla przedsiębiorcy w sytuacji, w której organ administracyjny temu zadaniu nie sprosta. Powyższe założenia skonfrontowano następnie z praktyką, uwzględniając rozstrzygnięcia Prezesa UOKiK. Z analizy tej wynika, że stosowne standardy nie są w pełni przestrzegane, co przejawia się między innymi zastępowaniem ustalonych empirycznie faktów daleko idącymi domniemaniami. Artykuł zwraca również uwagę na praktykę wyciągania konsekwencji w stosunku do przedsiębiorców w przypadku braku dostarczania dowodów, co przekłada się na formułowanie tez przeciwnych do tych, które są podnoszone przez przedsiębiorcę.
Praktyka decyzyjna Prezesa UOKiK w sprawach zatorów płatniczych
Authors:   Ernst & Young Law Tałasiewicz, Zakrzewska i Wspólnicy sp. k., Gogol Piotr , Ziemnicka Aleksandra ,   Ernst & Young Law Tałasiewicz, Zakrzewska i Wspólnicy sp. k.
Published: March 2024

Niniejszy artykuł podsumowuje kluczowe wnioski wynikające z praktyki decyzyjnej Prezesa UOKiK w sprawach zatorów płatniczych w postępowaniach zakończonych w latach 2021–2022. Analizie poddano czas trwania postępowań, sposoby ich zakończenia oraz problematykę wykładni ustawowych pojęć mających wpływ na kierunek zapadłych rozstrzygnięć.
Gastric cancer and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Jo Hyeong Ho
Published: March 2024

Gastric cancer (GC), a prevalent disease in Asian countries, presents a substantial global health challenge. The risk factors for GC include Helicobacter pylori infection, diet, smoking, alcohol, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). This review meticulously examines the intricate connections between MetS and GC, focusing on visceral adipocytes, hormonal factors, obesity, and their impact on survival outcomes. Visceral adipocytes, which secrete inflammatory cytokines and hormones, play a pivotal role in influencing cancer development. Hormonal factors demonstrate nuanced associations with specific GC subtypes, underscoring the complexity of their impact. Large-scale studies exploring obesity-related factors reveal sex-specific nuances and underscore the importance of considering overall weight and body composition. Furthermore, the review explores the impact of eradication therapy for H. pylori infection, which is the most significant factor in the onset of GC, on the components of MetS. Additionally, the influence of MetS on postoperative outcomes and survival in GC patients highlights the interplay between therapeutic interventions and lifestyle factors. This comprehensive exploration sheds light on the multifaceted relationship between MetS and GC, providing valuable insights for future research and preventive strategies.
Jovens ativistas e partidos políticos: convergências e divergências
Authors: Martins João , Campos Ricardo
Published: March 2024

Este artigo resulta de um projeto de investigação qualitativo (2019-22) em redor das práticas de intervenção cívica e ativista dos jovens. Nesse âmbito, analisámos as suas biografias políticas, que incluem, por vezes, ligações formais e informais, passadas e presentes a partidos políticos. Temos como objetivo deste artigo detalhar os processos de ligação e afastamento destas organizações, mas também de complementaridade com as suas formas de ativismo. Percebemos nos seus discursos a relevância dos partidos nos seus processos de socialização política, no âmbito familiar e dos pares, influenciando de forma decisiva a trajetória ativista atual.
The symbolic politics of cultural heritage: a view from Portugal
Authors: Silva Augusto Santos
Published: March 2024

This paper highlights the centrality of the social representation of cultural heritage for the symbolic legitimization of a regime and the foundation of its social and cultural policies. The relevance attributed to history, its codification into heritage and the formation of a collective memory are indeed arenas of social practice, power and hegemony. The Portuguese example is a good one, because one can compare contrasting visions of the authoritarian regime of Salazar and those of the new and current democratic order. We examine how the Portuguese democracy has reconstructed a national consensus regarding the interpretation of national history and identity; we consider the role of the new interpretation in the redefining of the Portuguese placement in the world system; and some conclusions will be tentatively drawn from this case study.
Recent genetic, phenetic and ecological divergence across the Mesoamerican highlands: a study case withDiglossa baritula(Aves: Thraupidae)
Authors: Terrones-Ramírez Alondra K. , Robles-Bello Sahid M. , Vázquez-López Melisa , Ramírez-Barrera Sandra M. , Zamudio-Beltrán Luz E. , López López Anuar , Arizmendi Maria del Coro , Durán-Suárez del Real Ana Paula , Eguiarte Luis E. , Hernández-Baños Blanca E.
Published: March 2024

The topographical, geological, climatic and biodiversity complexity of Mesoamerica has made it a primary research focus. The Mesoamerican highlands is a region with particularly high species richness and within-species variation. The Cinnamon-bellied Flowerpiercer,Diglossa baritula(Wagler, 1832), is a species endemic to the Mesoamerican highlands, with three allopatric subspecies currently recognized. To characterize divergence within this species, we integrated genomics, morphology, coloration and ecological niche modeling approaches, obtained from sampling individuals across the entire geographic distribution of the species. Our results revealed a clear genomic divergence between the populations to the east versus the west of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. In contrast to the genomic results, morphology and coloration analyses showed intermediate levels of differentiation, indicating that population groups withinD. baritulahave probably been under similar selective pressures. Our morphology results indicated that the only sexually dimorphic morphological variable is the wing chord, with males having a longer wing chord than females. Finally, ecological data indicated that there are differences in ecological niche withinD. baritula. Our data suggest thatD. baritulacould contain two or more incipient species at the intermediate phase of the speciation continuum. These results highlight the importance of the geographical barrier of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and Pleistocene climatic events in driving isolation and population divergence inD. baritula. The present investigation illustrates the speciation potential of theD. baritulacomplex and the capacity of Mesoamerican highlands to create cryptic biodiversity and endemism.
Evaluation of some garden flowers as specialty cut flowers in Eskisehir province-Türkiye
Authors: Yiğiter Sibel , Coskun İlkay
Published: March 2024

Specialty cut flowers are in demand, especially in the domestic market as they can be grown with low production costs without the need for specially equipped greenhouses and offer diversity in terms of form, texture, and colour. These products, which are widely cultivated in the USA, are not well known in Türkiye. One of the main problems of the Turkish cut flower sector is its dependence on foreign inputs and the lack of product diversity. Therefore, specialty cut flower production can be an alternative crop for Türkiye, which has climatic advantages. The cut flower potential of plants such as Zinnia elegans, Tagates erecta, Helianthus annuus, Gomphrena globosa, Centaurea cyanus, and Cleome spinosa that are commonly grown in gardens has been evaluated. After harvesting these flowers grown in an open field in June-October 2020, the stem length (cm), stem thickness (mm), flower length (cm), flower diameter (cm), flower weight (g), and vase life (days) were measured. As a result of the evaluations, considering the phenological findings such as flowering and harvesting period, Zinnia elegans, Tagates erecta, Helianthus annuus, Gomphrena globosa, and Centaurea cyanus were found to be suitable for Eskişehir climatic conditions due to their long flowering periods. On the other hand, if the stem length value, which is one of the most important parameters for cut flowers, is taken as a reference, the minimum stem length value of 30 cm and above is met by Zinnia elegans, Tagates erecta, Helianthus annuus, and Cleome spinosa while the vase life value of 6 days and above is met by Zinnia elegans, Tagates erecta, Helianthus annuus, Gomphrena globosa, and Cleome spinosa. However, Cleome spinosa was not found to be suitable for the region due to its low yield value and short flowering period, while Zinnia elegans, Helianthus annuus, Tagates erecta, and Gomphrena globosa were found to be plants that could be evaluated for the region. In addition, it is believed that the cultivation of specialty cut flowers, with the selection of suitable species, will be an alternative production in regions without climatic advantages.
Effect of Vitamin D3 Enrichment by Ultra Violet Blue (UVB) Radiation and Dietary Zinc Supplementation on Egg Production and Feed Consumption in Layer Birds
Authors: Megha P. S. , Ramnath V. , Vishnudas K. V.
Published: March 2024

Nutritionists have recently been involved in enriching or altering the nutritional profile of poultry products, such as meat and eggs, in relation to increased consumer interest in the nutritional value of foods. Newer technologies like development of designer eggs were exploited beyond their traditional food value. Designer eggs are those that have modified contents from standard egg according to the consumers’ preference or according to current market demand. The present study to evaluate the influence of vitamin D3 enrichment by UVB radiation and dietary zinc supplementation on egg production and feed consumption in layer birds was conducted at Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, for a period of 12 weeks from 01 February 2020 to 01 May 2020. A total of sixty-four laying hens, belonging to crossbred (White Leghorn N strain and Desi) housed in animal house attached to the department were used in the experiment. The treatments of this study included a control diet (according to BIS 2007) fed group (group I), a group with zinc supplementation alone (group II), a group with UVB exposure without zinc supplementation (group III) and a group with both UVB exposure and zinc supplementation (group IV). The four treatments were tested in 28-week-old crossbred hens in a completely randomised experimental design. Each of the experimental treatments had four replicates with four birds with all standard managemental conditions. The statistical analysis showed that egg production was not significantly affected by UVB light exposure and dietary zinc supplementation. However, the effect of UVB exposure and zinc supplementation via feed was highly significant (p≤0.01) for feed consumption. The highest overall mean feed intake (113.18±0.14 g/day) was recorded with those birds exposed to UVB and fed with inorganic zinc. While the lowest value (107.17±0.24 g/day) was recorded in group of birds fed with zinc supplementation in diet without UVB exposure. As a future prospective we can study the egg production rate and feed consumption rate in layer chicken that are intended for different types of designer egg production.
Current Rehabilitative Concepts in Ear Nose and Throat Department, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital (UNIMEDTH): Challenges Encountered
Authors: Akpalaba I.O.  , Olarinoye T.O.  , Ikong M.A.  , James. R. O
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Unaddressed communication disorders are multidimensional, affecting individuals physiologically, psychologically and emotionally. The quality of life of these individuals can be improved with rehabilitative measures, justifying this study.
The study therefore aims to assess the impact of rehabilitation on these patients, determine the challenges and proffer possible solutions.
Methods: Eighteen months prospective study on audiological and speech disorders among ENT patients in the University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo State, from April 2021 to September 2022 was carried out. History was taken, general examination and full E.N.T. examinations were done. Those with audiological disorders from canal blockage due to foreign bodies, debris and impacted wax had ear syringing. Others with persistent audiological condition were further evaluated and treated accordingly, with Hearing Aids trial and fitting inclusive. Patients with speech disorder had speech therapy after baseline audiological screening. Data were represented in tables and figures. P value < 0.05 was statistically significant.
Results: 930 patients presented at the ENT clinic. 537 (57.74%) females and 393 (42.26%) males. Of this, 405 (43.55%) patients had audiological conditions while 23 (2.47%) had speech disorders. Impacted wax, tinnitus, hearing loss, foreign body in the ear and delayed speech development were commonest. 297 had syringing while 105 patients were further evaluated. 369 of 405 patients were successfully rehabilitated. 3 stroke patients had good speech recovery.
Predominant challenges encountered were unavailability of instruments and uncooperativeness of elderly patients. Weekly savings and incorporation of dedicated relatives for home therapy ensures solutions respectively.
Conclusion: Rehabilitation in E.N.T., though gradually progressive, is beneficial. The guiding concept is patience.
Water Quality and Growth Performance of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Chia (Salvia hispanica) and Lemon Grass (Cymbopogon citratus) in a Media-based Aquaponics System
Authors: Gichana Zipporah
Published: March 2024

High ammonia levels in enclosed fish production systems negatively impact fish growth and hinder optimum production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the (i) biofiltration potential of chia (Salvia hispanica) and lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) (ii) the influence of the plant filters on water quality and fish growth in an aquaponic system. Treatments included a control-without plants, S. hispanica, and C. citratus aquaponic systems. The study was conducted for 3 months in Aqualife fish farm, Machakos, Kenya. Water quality parameters, growth performance of fish and plants were monitored during the experiment. The plant treatments significantly (P< 0.05) reduced ammonia levels compared to the control (0.07 ± 0.17 mgL-1). There was a remarkable 32-fold decrease in ammonia compared to the hydroponic inlet. Planted aquaponic systems significantly (P < 0.05) reduced nitrite and nitrate concentrations compared to the control, indicating effective nutrient cycling and improved water quality. Notably, both S. hispanica (115. 5 ± 3.2 g) and C. citratus (130.3 ± 3.32 g) systems significantly (P < 0.05) boosted the growth performance of O. niloticus compared to the control (113. 5 ± 3.2 g). C. citratus performed better (450 ± 9.17 g) than S. hispanica (217.6 ± 2.52 g). These findings highlight the potential of the plants as sustainable and efficient biofilters, enhancing overall aquaponic system performance and contributing to a more productive and environmentally friendly approach to food production.
Effect of Application of Secondary Nutrients on Growth, Yield and Quality of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Srinivas P. , Sannathimmappa H. G. , Sridhara S. , Salimath Sarvajna B. , Kalleshwaraswamy C. M.
Published: March 2024

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2022 at the Agriculture and Horticulture Research Station, Honnavile, Shivamogga on sandy clay loam soil to study the response of maize to secondary nutrients application. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and consisted of nine treatments replicated three times. The treatments consisted of package of practice (POP) (T1), POP + soil application of two levels of calcium, i.e., 25 and 50 kg ha-1 through lime (T2 and T3), dolomite (T4 and T5, which amount to 15.02 and 30.04 kg ha-1 of magnesium, respectively) and gypsum (T6 and T7, which amount to 19.96 and 39.91 kg ha-1 of sulphur, respectively). Treatments T8 and T9 consisted of POP + combined application of all three secondary nutrients through lime, magnesium sulphate and bentonite sulphur to meet the same level of nutrient as treatments T2 to T7. Among the treatments, application of POP + calcium @ 25 kg ha-1 through lime + 15.02 kg ha-1 of Mg + 19.6 kg ha-1 of S (T8) showed significantly higher values for growth parameters viz., plant height (196.65 cm), leaf area (4804.70 cm2), leaf area index (5.55) total dry matter (273.80 g plant-1) and yield parameters viz.,  cob length (16.93 cm), number of grains cob-1 (511.08), kernel yield (6772 kg ha-1) and stover yield (8221 kg ha-1). Similarly the same treatment recorded significantly higher grain protein content (8.99%) compared to other treatments. However the test weight, harvest index and oil content of maize remained unaffected due the applied secondary nutrients.
Evaluation of Yield Advantages, Competitiveness and Economic Benefits of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) Based Intercropping Systems Under Different Date of Sowing
Authors: Pawar G.R. , Waghmare P. K. , Bhadre C.K. , Gokhale D.N.
Published: March 2024

The experiment conducted at the Department of Agronomy farm, VNMKV., Parbhani (MH), during the kharif seasons of 2016-2017 and 2017-2018, integrates key agro-environmental factors. The utilization of deep black (vertisol) soil with good drainage replicates prevalent soil conditions in the region, ensuring the relevance and applicability of the findings to tropical environments of Latin America [20,21]. The implementation of a split plot design with two replications, considering four sowing dates and seven cropping systems, enhances the experimental robustness, facilitating a comprehensive evaluation of the interactions between timing and cropping systems [6,22].The study's findings highlight the significance of sowing dates in maximizing pigeonpea equivalent yield and net monetary returns, with sowing within a week period after the regular commencement of the monsoon (D1) demonstrating superior performance. Furthermore, the pigeonpea + soybean intercropping system emerges as the most favorable [50], indicating its potential for enhancing agricultural productivity and economic returns in the region [17,19]. The study's insights into the competitiveness and economic benefits of different intercropping systems provide valuable guidance for agronomic management practices in tropical environments [50]. By identifying the superior performance of certain cropping systems, such as pigeonpea + soybean, and the influence of sowing dates on yield outcomes [51,45], the study informs farmers and agricultural practitioners on optimal strategies for maximizing productivity and profitability in pigeonpea cultivation [29,30].

The observed behavior of component crops within intercropping systems underscores the complexity of crop interactions and highlights the need for tailored management approaches. The dominance of the niger crop in intercropping systems over the pigeonpea base crop emphasizes the importance of understanding crop dynamics for optimizing yield outcomes [5,18]. Additionally, the study's evaluation of different sowing dates contributes to enhancing climate resilience [14] in agricultural systems by identifying optimal timing strategies for mitigating climate variability effects on crop performance [7,37,13].
Efficacy of Different Botanicals Extracts Against Sclerotinia Blight of Brinjal (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) under In vivo Conditions
Authors: Singh Vivek , Singh Sushil Kumar , Singh Abhishek , Pratap Gajendra , Vishwakarma Satyendra Kumar , Upadhyay Ankit
Published: March 2024

Among the various diseases the sclerotinia blight (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) is an important disease which causes loss in quality and quantity of fruits of brinjal. In between crop seasons, the species of Sclerotinia mainly survive through sclerotia which may be present on soil surface in unploughedfields or in crop debris or as admixture with the seed. In past, brinjal sclerotinia blight disease has been managed by various method, viz. chemical, cultural, biological Control and use of resistant varieties. However, it was observed that pathogens have developed resistance against regular use of chemicals. The uses of alternative management are best option for management of this disease such as resistant varieties and bio-agent/biological control.Between crop seasons, Sclerotinia species rely on sclerotia, which can be found on the surface of the soil in unploughed fields, in crop debris, or as an admixture with the seed. In the past, brinjal sclerotinia blight disease was treated with a variety of methods, including chemical, cultural, and biological treatments. Control and the utilisation of resistant cultivars are also important. Pathogens, on the other hand, have acquired resistance to the application of chemicals on a frequent basis. Alternative management strategies, such as resistant varieties and bio-agent/biological control, are the greatest options for managing this disease.Five plant extracts viz., Garlic, Neem, Ocimum, Dhatura, Onion were tested in vivo against Sclerotiniasclerotiorumat 10 per cent and 15 per cent concentration. All plant extracts were more or less effective and exhibited reduction in sclerotinia blight disease incidence. The effectivity of extracts increased with an increase in concentration. At ten per cent concentration, minimum disease incidence was found in Garlic (18.85%) followed by Neem (20.21%), Ocimum (22.67%), Dhatura (24.07%) and Onion (28.11%) extract as compared to untreated plants (33.07%). Maximum disease severity control (42.99%) was recorded in Garlic followed by Neem (38.88%), Ocimum (31.44%), Dhatura (27.14%) While minimum was recorded in Onion (14.99%). At 15% concentration the most effective was found in garlic which exhibited maximum disease severity control (50.57%) was recorded in Garlic followed by Neem (47.69%), Ocimum (38.50%), Dhatura (37.38%) While minimum was recorded in Onion (23.69%).
Upaya Peningkatan Pengetahuan Terhadap Penanggulangaan Kegawatdaruratan Bagi Masyarakat Melalui Pelatihan di Desa Curah Cottok, Kapongan, Situbondo, Jawa Timur
Authors: Pae Kristina , Joewono Andrew
Published: March 2024

Kondisi kegawatdaruratan yang terjadi dimana pun dan kapan pun harus segera diatasi untuk mencegah berbagai komplikasi baik itu kecacatan hingga kematian. Keadaan kegawatdaruratan dapat terjadi akibat faktor alam seperti tejadinya bencana dan ada akibat faktor lainnya seperti penyakit dan kecelakaan. Angka kejadian kegawatdaruratan di Indonesia semakin tinggi setiap tahunnya, oleh sebab itu maka diperlukan kerjasama yang baik antara tenaga medis yang membantu penanggulangan kegawatdaruratan dengan masyarakat sebagai pemberi respon awal terhadap keadaan kegawatdaruratan. Masyarakat diharapkan lebih mengenal tentang tanda-tanda kegawat­daruratan dan penanganan awal ketika terjadi kegawatdaruratan agar tidak terjadi keterlambatan dalam pemberian pertolongan. Peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang penanganan kegawat­dauratan dapat dilakukan dengan memperbanyak sosialisasi, pendidikan kesehatan, dan pelatihan bagi masyarakat. Dalam kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat saat ini dilakukan di Desa Curah Cottok, Situbondo. Hal ini dikarenakan di desa ini fasilitas kesehatannya tidak memadai dan jaraknya cukup jauh sehingga jika terjadi keadaan kegawatdaruratan diharapkan masyarakat dapat menjadi penolong petama sebelum tenaga medis datang. Pelatihan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat Desa Curah Cottok sehingga dapat berperan aktif dalam penanganan kegawatdaruratan. Sebanyak 30 orang kader dan perangkat desa mengikuti kegiatan ini dengan aktif. Pelatihan dilakukan dengan membagi dua sesi pertemuan. Sesi pertama ditujukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang penanggulangan kegawatdaruratan sehingga menggunakan metode ceramah dan tanya jawab dalam penyampaian materi oleh fasilitator. Sesi pertama dinilai dengan melakukan pre-test dan post-test untuk meng­evaluasi pengetahuan peseta. Sesi kedua dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan peserta dalam membantu mengatasi keadaan kegawatdaruratan, disampaikan dengan metode demostrasi oleh fasilitator dan dievaluasi dengan redemonstrasi oleh peserta sesuai dengan SOP yang telah dibuat. Berdasarkan kegiatan di dua sesi tersebut didapatkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta dalam melakukan penanggulangan kegawat­daruratan.
Inside and outside the mind: The effects of age, organization, and access to external sources on retrieval of life events
Authors: Lipman Paula Darby , Caplan Leslie J. , Schooler Carmi , Lee Jason S.
Published: June 2007

Older and middle‐aged adults recorded autobiographical events on one of two forms of a Personal History Calendar, organized either by year‐of‐occurrence or by life event category. In Experiment 1, calendars were completed in three stages. In Stage 1, subjects completed the calendar from memory (half were told to expect Stage 2). In Stage 2, each subject reviewed Stage 1 responses with his/her spouse. In Stage 3, subjects could consult external sources. The Event Calendar yielded the most complete Stage 1 recall only for the older group. The Year Calendar generally yielded the greatest number of events, but only when members of a couple did not expect Stage 2. In Experiment 2, subjects completed the calendars in one stage, during which they had access to external sources. The Year Calendar elicited more events than the Event Calendar, but only for older subjects. The results are discussed in terms of retrieval processes in autobiographical memory, and implicatons for survey‐based research.
Motivational determinants of reading comprehension: A comparison of French, Caucasian–American, and African–American adolescents
Authors: Kurtz‐Costes Beth , Ehrlich Marie‐France , McCall Rona J. , Loridant Catherine
Published: June 2007

The relationships between adolescents' reading comprehension and their metacognitive knowledge and self‐system beliefs were studied in three groups of subjects: French nationals, Caucasian Americans, and African Americans. Subjects were tested on measures of reading comprehension, metacognitive knowledge about reading processes, attributional beliefs, and academic self‐concept. Correlation and regression analyses indicated cultural differences in the predictors of reading comprehension among the three groups. For French and Caucasian Americans, reading comprehension scores were related to metacognitive knowledge, academic self‐concept, and attributions of success to ability. However, metacognition and motivational beliefs were mostly unrelated to comprehension performance for African Americans. Results are discussed in terms of verification of a model of motivational influences on performance, of cultural and ethnic group differences in beliefs, and the implications for generalizability of research results.
Convergence analysis of the quasi‐OBE algorithm and related performance issues
Authors: Deller J. R. , Gollamudi S. , Nagaraj S. , Joachim D. , Huang Y. F.
Published: June 2007

‘Quasi‐OBE’ (QOBE) is an adaptive set identification and filtering algorithm which is based on the principles of optimal bounding ellipsoid processing, but which has other geometric and classic least‐squares interpretations which greatly enhance its application potential. In particular, because of its unusual optimization criterion, the ellipsoidal membership set associated with QOBE is more likely to retain (i.e. to move in the parameter space with) the system model's ‘true parameters, ’ sayθ*, when those parameters are time varying. Moreover, in the unlikely event thatθ*moves outside the set, the integrity of the point‐set estimation remains intact, and the estimator provably converges under known conditions. The consistency of the set estimation can be restored at any time using typical ‘rescue procedures’ if desired. Understanding convergence performance is very critical to successful QOBE application. Convergence analysis of both the central point estimate and measures of the hyperellipsoidal membership set is presented. The main results give conditions for point estimate convergence, and show that set convergence to a point is not possible. Implications of these convergence results for practical application are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Titration and Assignment of Residues that Regulate the Enantioselectivity of Phenylacetone Monooxygenase
Authors: Zambianchi Francesca , Fraaije Marco W. , Carrea Giacomo , de Gonzalo Gonzalo , Rodríguez Cristina , Gotor Vicente , Ottolina Gianluca
Published: June 2007

Phenylacetone monooxygense (PAMO) from Thermobifida fusca was employed for the asymmetric oxidation of thioanisole (sulfooxidation) and of racemic 2‐phenylpropionaldehyde (Baeyer–Villiger oxidation). A pH dependence of enantioselectivity was observed in both cases. Two different residues, with pKa values of 7.8±0.2 and 9.2±0.2, appeared to be responsible for the pH effects on PAMO enantioselectivity. The protonation of Arg337 and the FAD:C4a‐hydroperoxide/FAD:C4a‐peroxide equilibrium were identified as the major factors responsible for the fine‐tuning of PAMO enantioselectivity in Baeyer–Villiger oxidation and sulfooxidation, respectively.
Enzymatic Preparation of Novel Aminoalkylpyridines using Lipases in Organic Solvents
Authors: Torre Oliver , Busto Eduardo , Gotor‐Fernández Vicente , Gotor Vicente
Published: June 2007

A wide range of novel, enantiomerically pure 4‐chloro(amino)pyridine derivatives has been synthesised through a chemoenzymatic approach, Candida antarctica lipase B (CAL‐B) and Pseudomonas cepacia lipase (PSL) being found to be excellent biocatalysts for the preparation of new and interesting amines and amides in enantiomerically pure form through enzymatic aminolysis reactions. A study of the enzymatic reactivity of CAL‐B and PSL has been done in the resolution of a library of amine structures in an attempt to rationalise the experimental results obtained in their enzymatic kinetic resolution mediated by lipases.
Laccase‐Mediated Oxidation of Totarol
Authors: Ncanana Sandile , Baratto Lara , Roncaglia Lucia , Riva Sergio , Burton Stephanie G
Published: June 2007

In this study, novel dimers of the biologically active phenolic compound totarol were synthesized using the phenol oxidase enzyme laccase, obtained from Trametes pusbescens, in organic solvent medium. Two dimeric products, linked either by carbon‐carbon or by carbon‐oxygen bonds, were isolated and characterized. The effect of changes in various parameters such as solvent, temperature, pH and buffer concentration on the conversion of totarol by laccase was investigated. The nature of the organic solvent, in particular, was found to affect the nature and the ratio of the products obtained.
Preparation of an Amino Acid Intermediate for the Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitor, Saxagliptin, using a Modified Phenylalanine Dehydrogenase
Authors: Hanson Ronald L. , Goldberg Steven L. , Brzozowski David B. , Tully Thomas P. , Cazzulino Dana , Parker William L. , Lyngberg Olav K. , Vu Truc C. , Wong Michael K. , Patel Ramesh N.
Published: June 2007

The non‐proteinogenic amino acid 2‐(3‐hydroxy‐1‐adamantyl)‐(2S)‐aminoethanoic acid [2, (S)‐3‐hydroxyadamantylglycine], is a key intermediate required for the synthesis of Saxagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor under development for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Keto acid 2‐(3‐hydroxy‐1‐adamantyl)‐2‐oxoethanoic acid (1) was converted to (S)‐3‐hydroxyadamantylglycine by reductive amination using a phenylalanine dehydrogenase from Thermoactinomyces intermedius expressed in a modified form in Pichia pastoris or Escherichia coli. NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) produced during the reaction was recycled to NADH (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) using formate dehydrogenase. Pichia pastoris produces an endogenous formate dehydrogenase when grown on methanol, and the corresponding gene was cloned and expressed in E. coli. The modified phenylalanine dehydrogenase contains two amino acid changes at the C‐terminus and a 12‐amino acid extension of the C‐terminus. The modified enzyme is more effective with keto acid 1 than the wild‐type enzyme, but less effective with the natural substrate, phenylpyruvate. Production of multi‐kg batches was originally carried out with extracts of Pichia pastoris expressing the modified phenylalanine dehydrogenase from Thermoactinomyces intermedius and endogenous formate dehydrogenase, and further scaled up using a preparation of the two enzymes expressed in E. coli.