bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CFD Simulation for a Road Vehicle Cabin
Authors: Jalal M. Jalil Jalal M. Jalil
Published: February 2020

A numerical study of a two-dimensional, turbulent, recirculating flow within a passenger car cabin is presented. The study is
based on the solution of the elliptic partial differential equations representing conservation of mass, momentum, temperature, turbulence energy and its dissipation rate in finite volume form. Algebraic expressions for the turbulent viscosity and diffusion coefficients are calculated using the two-equation model(k − ε). Different parameters are
considered to illustrate their influences on the flow filed and temperature distribution inside car cabin. These parameters include number and
location of the air conditioning systems inlets inside car cabin, different air temperatures at the inlets, different air velocities at the inlets,
different solar intensity during day-time for a certain day of the year,
different diffuse solar radiation (variation in the kind of car glass).
Generally, the results indicate some of negative effects such as development of zones of low air circulation. Also it is found that the
number of inlets inside car cabin play an important role in determining
car air conditioning system efficiency. Moreover, the air temperature
and velocity at inlets play an important role in determining cabin climate. The results are used to enhance the understating of the airflow
fields within a road vehicle passenger cabin.
On the development of nonlinear operator theory
Authors: Wei WenHsiang
Published: January 2020

Приведены основные результаты для нелинейных операторов. Эти результаты включают нелинейные версии классических теорем: теоремы о равномерной ограниченности и теоремы Хана-Банаха. Кроме того, показано, что отображения метризуемого пространства в нормированное пространство могут лежать в некоторых нормированных пространствах при подходящем определении норм.
Условные меры детерминантных точечных процессов
Authors: Bufetov Aleksandr Igorevich
Published: January 2020

Для одномерных детерминантных точечных процессов, порожденных ортогональными проекциями с интегрируемым ядром, удовлетворяющим определенному условию роста, доказано, что их условные меры относительно фиксации конфигурации в дополнении к компактному отрезку - это ортогональные полиномиальные ансамбли с явно найденными весами. Примерами таких процессов являются синус-процесс и процесс с ядром Бесселя. Основную роль в доказательстве играет квазиинвариантность указанных процессов под действием группы кусочных изометрий прямой ${\mathbb R}$, установленная в [A. I. Bufetov, Ann. Probab., 46:2 (2018), 956-1003].
Sustainability Reporting in International Hotel Chains
Authors: Franzoni Simona , Avellino Marie
Published: January 2020

The rise of stakeholder engagement and corporate social responsibility emphasizes the necessary integration of the economic, social and environmental aspects of business management. This is not only reflected by decisions, and behaviours, but also by the tools and methods of communicating business results. It has become apparent that there is a need for all relevant stakeholders to be provided with consistent and comprehensive information about how corporate social responsibility and sustainable performance are being achieved.  The paper aims to show the tools used by major international hotel chains for sustainability reporting; an analysis on the quality and quantity of content provided in such reports by tourism enterprises, in order to make appropriate judgments about communications and the potential for improvement.
La percepción de la innovación dentro de los Grados en Ingeniería. Estudio en la Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy-UPV
Authors: Pérez-Sánchez Modesto , Mula Bru Josefa , Díaz-Madroñero Bolueda Francisco Manuel , Sanchis Gisbert Raquel
Published: January 2020

El establecimiento de los nuevos planes de estudio en el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior así como la inclusión de las competencias transversales en la evaluación de los títulos junto la aparición de las nuevas herramientas de las tecnologías de la información ha propiciado el desarrollo de la innovación en las estrategias del aprendizaje. Dentro de la Universitat Politècnica de València, este hecho no ha pasado desapercibido y la Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy ha demostrado una alta participación en lo referente a la innovación educativa. La presente comunicación muestra los proyectos de innovación y mejora educativa llevados a cabo dentro de este centro así como los índices de rendimiento y satisfacción del alumnado desde la implantación de los grados de ingeniería en la Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy.
Probabilidades de sucesos independientes desde la simulación
Authors: Boigues Planes Francisco José , Estruch Fuster Vicente Domingo , Vidal Meló Anna
Published: January 2020

En este trabajo se describe una metodología para el estudio de las probabilidades de sucesos independientes en la asignatura Instrumentos de Estadística y Simulación, de segundo curso del Grado en Ciencias Ambientales de la Universitat Politècnica de València. Dicha metodología se basa en la utilización de un formalismo basado en grafos para la representación de los sucesos involucrados y en introducir la simulación como herramienta para el cálculo de probabilidades.
Role of the dew water on the ground surface in HONO distribution: a case measurement in Melpitz
Authors: Ren Yangang , Stieger Bastian , Spindler Gerald , Grosselin Benoit , Mellouki Abdelwahid , Tuch Thomas , Wiedensohler Alfred , Herrmann Hartmut
Published: January 2020

Abstract. To characterize the role of dew water on the ground surface HONO distribution, nitrous acid (HONO) measurements with a MARGA and a LOPAP instrument were performed at the TROPOS research site in Melpitz from 19 to 29 April 2018. The dew water was also collected and analyzed from 8 to 14 May 2019 using a glass sampler. The high-time resolution of HONO measurements showed well-defined diurnal variations that revealed: (i) vehicle emission is a minor source of HONO at the Melpitz station; (ii) heterogeneous conversion of NO2 to HONO on ground surface dominates HONO production at night; (iii) significant nighttime ground surface deposition of HONO with a strength of sink of 0.161 ± 0.122 ppbv h−1; (iv) dew water with mean NO2− of 7.91 ± 2.14 μg m−2 could serve as a temporary HONO source in the morning when the dew droplets evaporate. The nocturnal observations of HONO and NO2 allowed direct evaluation of the ground uptake coefficients for these species at night: γNO2→HONO = 1.4 × 10−6 to 1.5 × 10−5, γHONO,ground = 5.6 to 19.5. A chemical model demonstrated that HONO deposition to the ground surface at night was 90–100 % of the calculated unknown HONO source in the morning. These results suggest that dew water on the ground surface was controlling the temporal HONO distribution rather than straightforward NO2–HONO conversion. This can strongly enhance the OH reactivity throughout morning time or other planted areas that provide large amount of ground surface based on the OH production rate calculation.
Exploration of machine learning methods for the classification of infrared limb spectra of polar stratospheric clouds
Authors: Sedona Rocco , Hoffmann Lars , Spang Reinhold , Cavallaro Gabriele , Griessbach Sabine , Höpfner Michael , Book Matthias , Riedel Morris
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Polar stratospheric clouds (PSC) play a key role in polar ozone depletion in the stratosphere. Improved observations and continuous monitoring of PSCs can help to validate and enhance chemistry-climate models that are used to predict the evolution of the polar ozone hole. In this paper, we explore the potential of applying machine learning (ML) methods to classify PSC observations of infrared limb sounders. Two datasets have been considered in this study. The first dataset is a collection of infrared spectra captured in Northern Hemisphere winter 2006/2007 and Southern Hemisphere winter 2009 by the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) instrument onboard ESA's Envisat satellite. The second dataset is the cloud scenario database (CSDB) of simulated MIPAS spectra. We first performed an initial analysis to assess the basic characteristics of these datasets and to decide which features to extract from them. Here, we focused on an approach using brightness temperature differences (BTDs). From the both, the measured and the simulated infrared spectra, more than 10,000 BTD features have been generated. Next, we assessed the use of ML methods for the reduction of the dimensionality of this large feature space using principal component analysis (PCA) and kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) as well as the classification with the random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) techniques. All methods were found to be suitable to retrieve information on the composition of PSCs. Of these, RF seems to be the most promising method, being less prone to overfitting and producing results that agree well with established results based on conventional classification methods.
A Vacuum Ultraviolet Ion Source (VUV-IS) for Iodide-Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry: A Substitute for Radioactive Ion Sources
Authors: Ji Yi , Huey L. Gregory , Tanner David J. , Lee Young Ro , Veres Patrick R. , Neuman J. Andrew , Wang Yuhang , Wang Xinming
Published: February 2020

Abstract. A new ion source (IS) utilizing vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light is developed and characterized for use with iodide-chemical ionization mass spectrometers (I−-CIMS). The VUV-IS utilizes a compact krypton lamp that emits light in two wavelength bands corresponding to energies of ~10.0 and 10.6 eV. The VUV light photoionizes either methyl iodide (ionization potential, IP = 9.54 ± 0.02 eV) or benzene (IP = 9.24378 ± 0.00007 eV) to form cations and photoelectrons. The electrons react with methyl iodide to form I− which serves as the reagent ion for the CIMS. The VUV-IS is characterized by measuring the sensitivity of a quadrupole CIMS (Q-CIMS) to formic acid, molecular chlorine, and nitryl chloride under a variety of flow and pressure conditions. The sensitivity of the Q-CIMS, with the VUV-IS, reached up to ~700 Hz pptv−1, with detection limits of less than 1 pptv for a one minute integration period. The reliability of the Q-CIMS with a VUV-IS is demonstrated with data from a month long ground-based field campaign. The VUV-IS is further tested by operation on a high resolution time-of-flight CIMS (TOF-CIMS). Sensitivities greater than 25 Hz pptv−1 were obtained for formic acid and molecular chlorine, which were similar to that obtained with a radioactive source. In addition, the mass spectra from sampling ambient air was cleaner with the VUV-IS on the TOF-CIMS compared to measurements using a radioactive source. These results demonstrate that the VUV lamp is a viable substitute for radioactive ion sources on I−-CIMS systems for most applications. In addition, the VUV-IS can likely be extended to other reagent ions, such as SF6− which are formed from high IP electron attachers, by the use of absorbers such as benzene to serve as a source of photoelectrons.
Modern calibration of Poa flabellata (Tussac grass) as a new paleoclimate proxy in the South Atlantic
Authors: Groff Dulcinea V. , Williams David G. , Gill Jacquelyn L.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Terrestrial paleoclimate records are rare in the South Atlantic, limiting opportunities to provide a prehistoric context for current global changes. The tussock grass, Poa flabellata, grows abundantly along the coasts of the Falkland Islands and other sub-Antarctic islands. It forms extensive peat records, providing a promising opportunity to reconstruct high-resolution regional climate records. The isotopic composition of leaf and root tissues deposited in these peats has the potential to record variation in precipitation, temperature, and relative humidity over time, but these relationships are unknown for P. flabellata. Here, we investigate the isotopic composition of P. flabellata plants and precipitation and explore seasonal relationships with temperature and humidity across 4 study locations in the Falkland Islands. We reveal that inter-seasonal differences in carbon and oxygen stable isotopes of leaf α-cellulose of living P. flabellata significantly correlated with monthly mean temperature and relative humidity. The carbon isotope composition of leaf α-cellulose (δ13Cleaf) records the balance of CO2 supply through stomata and the demand by photosynthesis. The positive correlation between δ13Cleaf and temperature and negative correlation between between δ13Cleaf and relative humidity suggest that photosynthetic demand for CO2 relative to stomatal supply is enhanced when conditions are warm and dry. Further, the positive correlation between δ13Cleaf and δ18Oleaf (r = 0.88, p
Microbial communities associated with sediments and polymetallic nodules of the Peru Basin
Authors: Molari Massimiliano , Janssen Felix , Vonnahme Tobias , Wenzhöfer Frank , Boetius Antje
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Industrial-scale mining of deep-sea polymetallic nodules will need to remove nodules in large areas of the seafloor. The regrowth of the nodules by metal precipitation is estimated to take millions of years. Thus for future mining impact studies, it is crucial to understand the role of nodules in shaping microbial diversity and function in deep-sea environments. Here we investigated microbial community composition based on 16S rRNA gene sequences retrieved from sediments and nodules of the Peru Basin (> 4100 m water depth). The nodule field of the Peru Basin showed a typical deep-sea microbiome, with dominance of the classes Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, and Acidimicrobiia. Nodules and sediments host distinct bacterial and archaeal communities, with nodules showing lower diversity and a higher proportion of sequences related to potential metal-cycling bacteria (i.e. Magnetospiraceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae), bacterial and archaeal nitrifiers (i.e. AqS1, unclassified Nitrosomonadaceae, Nitrosopumilus, Nitrospina, Nitrospira), and bacterial sequences found in ocean crust, nodules, hydrothermal deposits and sessile fauna. Sediment and nodule communities overall shared a low proportion of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU; 21 % for Bacteria and 19 % for Archaea). Our results show that nodules represent a specific ecological niche (i.e. hard substrate, high metal concentrations and sessile fauna), with a potentially relevant role in organic carbon degradation. Differences in nodule community composition (e.g. Mn-cycling bacteria, nitrifiers) between the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCZ) and the Peru Basin suggest that changes in environmental setting (i.e. sedimentation rates) play also a significant role in structuring the nodule microbiome.
The “ABC-DA system” (v1.4): a variational data assimilation system for convective scale assimilation research with a study of the impact of a balance constraint
Authors: Bannister Ross Noel
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Following the development of the simplified atmospheric convective-scale "toy" model (the ABC model, named after its three key parameters: the pure gravity wave frequency, A, the controller of the acoustic wave speed, B, and the constant of proportionality between pressure and density perturbations, C), this paper introduces its associated variational data assimilation system, ABC-DA. The purpose of ABC-DA is to permit quick and efficient research into data assimilation methods suitable for convective scale systems. The system can also be used as an aid to teach and demonstrate data assimilation principles. ABC-DA is flexible, configurable and is efficient enough to be run on a personal computer. The system can run a number of assimilation methods (currently 3DVar and 3DFGAT have been implemented), with user configurable observation networks. Observation operators for direct observations and wind speeds are part of the system, although these can be expanded relatively easily. A key feature of any data assimilation system is how it specifies the background error covariance matrix. ABC-DA uses a control variable transform method to allow this to be done efficiently. This version of ABC-DA mirrors many operational configurations, by modelling multivariate error covariances with uncorrelated control parameters, and spatial error covariances with special uncorrelated spatial patterns separately for each parameter. The software developed (amongst other things) does model runs, calibration tasks associated with the background error covariance matrix, testing and diagnostic tasks, single data assimilation runs, multi-cycle assimilation/forecast experiments, and has associated visualisation software. As a demonstration, the system is used to tackle a scientific question concerning the role of geostrophic balance (GB) to model background error covariances between mass and wind fields. This question arises because, although GB is a very useful mechanism that is successfully exploited in larger scale assimilation systems, its use is questionable at convective scales due to the typically larger Rossby numbers where GB is not so relevant. A series of identical twin experiments is done in cycled assimilation configurations. One experiment exploits GB to represent mass-wind covariances in a mirror of an operational set-up (with use of an additional vertical regression (VR) step, as used operationally). This experiment performs badly where assimilation error accumulates over time. Two further experiments are done: one that does not use GB, and another that does but without the VR step. Turning off GB impairs the performance, and turning off VR improves the performance in general. It is concluded that there is scope to further improve the way that the background error covariance matrices are calibrated, with some directions discussed.
Interaction of Small-Scale Gravity Waves with the Terdiurnal Solar
Tide in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere
Authors: Lilienthal Friederike , Yiğit Erdal , Samtleben Nadja , Jacobi Christoph
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Implementing a nonlinear whole atmosphere gravity wave (GW) parameterization into the Middle and Upper Atmosphere Model extending to the lower thermosphere (160 km), we study the response of the atmosphere in terms of the circulation patterns, temperature distribution, and migrating terdiurnal solar tide activity to the upward propagating small-scale internal GWs originating in the lower atmosphere. We perform three test simulations for the Northern Hemisphere winter conditions in order to assess the effects of variations in the initial GW spectrum on the dynamics of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. We find that the overall strength of the source level momentum flux has a comparatively small impact on zonal mean dynamics. The tails of the GW source level spectrum, however, are crucial for the lower thermosphere dynamics. With respect to the terdiurnal tide, we find a strong dependence of tidal amplitude on the induced GW drag, generally being larger when GW drag is increased.
Wildfire ignition probability in Belgium
Authors: Depicker Arthur , De Baets Bernard , Baetens Jan Marcel
Published: February 2020

Abstract. In recent decades, large wildfires have inflicted
considerable damage on valuable Natura 2000 regions in Belgium. Despite
these events and the general perception that global change will exacerbate
wildfire prevalence, this has not been studied yet in the Belgian context.
Therefore, the national government initiated the national action plan
on wildfires in order to evaluate the wildfire risk, on the one hand, and the
materials, procedures, and training of fire services, on the other hand. This study focuses on the spatial distribution of the ignition probability,
a component of the wildfire risk framework. In a first stage, we compile a
historical wildfire database using (i) newspaper articles between 1994 and
2016 and (ii) a list of wildfire interventions between 2010 and 2013,
provided by the government. In a second stage, we use a straightforward
method relying on Bayes' rule and a limited number of covariates to
calculate the ignition probability. It appears that most wildfire-prone areas in Belgium are located in
heathland where military exercises are held. The provinces that have the
largest relative areas with a high or very high wildfire risk are Limburg
and Antwerp. Our study also revealed that most wildfire ignitions in Belgium
are caused by humans (both arson and negligence) and that natural causes
such as lightning are rather scarce. Wildfire prevention can be improved by
(i) excluding military activity in fire-prone areas during the fire season,
(ii) improving collaboration with foreign emergency services, (iii) concentrating the dedicated resources in the areas that display the highest
ignition probabilities, (iv) improving fire detection methods, and (v) raising more awareness among the public.
Prediction and variation of the auroral oval boundary based on a deep learning model and space physical parameters
Authors: Han Yiyuan , Han Bing , Hu Zejun , Gao Xinbo , Zhang Lixia , Yang Huigen , Li Bin
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The auroral oval boundary represents an important physical
process with implications for the ionosphere and magnetosphere. An automatic
auroral oval boundary prediction method based on deep learning in this paper
is applied to study the variation of the auroral oval boundary associated with
different space physical parameters. We construct an auroral oval boundary
dataset to train our proposed model, which consists of 184 416 auroral oval
boundary points extracted from 3842 images captured
by the Ultraviolet Imager (UVI) of the Polar satellite and its corresponding 18 space
physical parameters selected from the OMNI dataset from December 1996 to March 1997. Furthermore, several statistical experiments and correlation analysis
experiments are performed based on our dataset to explore the relationship
between space physical parameters and the location of the auroral oval boundary.
The experiment results show that the prediction model based on the deep learning
method can estimate the auroral oval boundary efficiently, and different space
physical parameters have different effects on the auroral oval boundary,
especially the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), geomagnetic indexes, and
solar wind parameters.
Reseña libro: Rodríguez, A. y Gimeno, C. (coord.) (2018). Las migraciones de jóvenes y adolescentes no acompañados: una mirada internacional. Granada: Editorial Universidad de Granada. 296 pp. ISBN: 978-84-338-6353-9
Authors: Gutiérrez Sánchez José David
Published: January 2020

Rodríguez, A. y Gimeno, C. (coord.) (2018). Las migraciones de jóvenes y adolescentes no acompañados: una mirada internacional. Granada: Editorial Universidad de Granada. 296 pp.  ISBN: 978-84-338-6353-9
Presencia, formatos y estrategia de producción de vídeos en YouTube: análisis de caso del diario 'El País'
Authors: Bernal Luisa , Carvajal Miguel
Published: February 2020

La presencia de los medios en las redes sociales y el aumento del contenido audiovisual son dos asuntos relevantes en el periodismo. YouTube es la plataforma de vídeo por excelencia y el sitio más visitado en Internet (EGM, 2018). La compañía lanzó en 2016 el Player for Publishers, un servicio que permite a los medios redistribuir sus vídeos e incrementar su alcance a menor coste. Entre los que adoptaron esta tecnología se encuentra el diario español El País. El objetivo de este artículo es conocer su presencia en la plataforma, evaluar los vídeos publicados y la estrategia de producción. El estudio de caso se ha llevado a cabo mediante un análisis de contenido y una entrevista en profundidad al responsable de desarrollo digital de El País. Los resultados indican que sus vídeos se adaptan a los nuevos formatos y que se produce una hibridación entre géneros. No obstante, se aprecia la falta de una estrategia adecuada al canal y orientada al público predominante, la audiencia joven.
Geochemical Modeling of Water-Rock Interactions in Mining Environments
Authors: Alpers C.N. , Nordstrom D. Kirk
Published: February 2020

Geochemical modeling is a powerful tool for evaluating geochemical processes in mining environments. Properly constrained and judiciously applied, modeling can provide valuable insights into processes controlling the release, transport, and fate of contaminants in mine drainage. This chapter contains

1) an overview of geochemical modeling,

2) discussion of the types of models and computer programs used,

3) description of a procedure for screening water analyses for modeling input, and

4) examples of the application of modeling for interpreting geochemical processes in mining environments.

Three general strategies in current use to interpret water-rock interactions are statistical analysis, “inverse” modeling, and “forward” modeling. Multivariate correlation analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, and other statistical techniques can group water-chemistry data into sets that may relate to hydrogeochemical processes (Drever, 1988; Puckett and Bricker, 1992). In the field of geochemical exploration, statistical analysis is used widely to treat large data sets of rock and sediment chemistry (e.g., Garrett, 1989). No physical or chemical principles are involved directly in these statistical treatments, hence they are not considered further in this chapter. Nevertheless, statistical analysis can be a useful tool in organizing complex geochemical data for interpretation.
Identification of Enablers for Reducing Student Incivility in Classrooms-An Exploratory Investigation
Authors: Bantha Tapas , Sahni Dr. Sanjeev P. , Yadav Dr. Mohit
Published: January 2020

Objective: There is a growing concern about student incivility in classrooms among academicians and institutional leaders. This study humbly tried to identify various enablers for reducing student incivility in classrooms through an exploratory investigation.Methods: This study uses empirical qualitative methods of investigation in a higher educational institution based at Delhi, NCR, INDIA. The authors have conducted open-ended, unstructured interviews with 8 faculty members of various departments of the institution.Results: This study able to develop three major themes and twelve sub themes as enablers to reduce student incivility in the classroom.Implications: The thematic map shall help the faculties and policy makers to integrate various mechanisms to control student incivility in classrooms.Theoretical and Managerial Contributions: This research has several contributions which would add to the existing body of knowledge. Firstly, this study explores various enablers which can reduce student incivility behaviours in classrooms. It also develops various propositions along with the thematic map that can be empirically investigated further. Additionally, this study attempts to link course planning, course scheduling, course content, scope for participation, giving breaks in between, norms and rules policy, transparent evaluation, applications of the subject, mutual agreement, counselling, live/group based projects, human touch which can result in student-centric pedagogy development, deep engagement in learning process and social accountability which will be an important extension of existing literature on higher education. The research offers valuable insights to academicians, institutional leaders by providing various enablers which can be used to reduce student incivility behaviours in the classroom level and developing the students as good citizens of the country and nurturing the young brains with the true spirit of innovation and ideas. As a result, teachers would be able to develop and maintain healthy and cordial relationships with the students which can result in reducing uncivil behaviours, burn outs, counterproductive work behaviour, attrition rates at the classroom context.Key Words：student incivility, academicians, institutional leaders, qualitative
The Implementation of Local Wisdom to Improve the Health and Quality of Life the Hypertension Family as a New Strategy for Early Prevention of Stroke
Authors: Marlina Marlina , Badaruddin Badaruddin , Zuska Fikarwin , Lubis Rahayu
Published: January 2020

Indonesia is well known as a country which has high ethnic diversity. Thus, each ethnic specifically has a local wisdom as their own identity. However, the economic growth, globalization, and modernization have eroded the local wisdom in which it is potentially forgotten by the next generation. The modernization also has been proved changing the behavior, lifestyle, and live quality of society. As the result, Hypertension are documented as the highest case diseases generated by the change of behaviour, lifestyle, and lack quality of life. However, the hypertension is possibly controlled by the intervention of life-style and improving the quality of life. This present study aims to implement the local wisdom of Aceh to improve the quality of life as new strategy to early prevention of stroke disease. The research design using Participatory Action Research including reconnaissance, planning, action, evaluation, and reflection based on Aceh local wisdom are specifically used as a new approach to reach the goal. The result shows that the local wisdom can be used as the main reason to change the society behaviour. The implementation of local wisdom potentially become the solution, because the society, especially the one who have the history of hypertension coming from their family, can empower family health problem by providing high attention to family health problem. Additionally, the local wisdom encourages the society to check their health status as control, whereas most of participant is only visiting the health center when they did not feel good. The result also proved that the local wisdom can initiate the society to modify their own environment, indicating the increase of awareness about the importance of cleaning the environment. The successful implementation of local wisdom should be supported and developed to follow the modernization without losing its identity because the fast growing of globalization cannot be hold but can be well maintained.
Diagnosing Hypertension Among Adults; A Study Based on Prevention-Management of Primary and Secondary Hypertension
Authors: Ombada Mohamed , Ombada Mulham
Published: January 2020

Hypertension is a great challenge for the public health professionals across the world, as it is a major risk factor leading to congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, retinopathy, and renal disease. Therefore, the study aims to diagnose hypertension among the adults in Al-Riyadh district, Khartoum state of Sudan. The study investigated the prevention and management of primary and secondary hypertension. A cross sectional population-based study was conducted among 138 adult individuals aged between 16 and 75 years. The participants were selected using random sampling technique and each participant completed self-administered questionnaire to assess the prevention-management of primary and secondary hypertension. The mercury sphygmomanometer with standard cuff was used to take measurement of arterial blood pressure. The diagnosis of hypertension among the adults showed that its prevalence in the area of Riyadh was 28%. The highest proportion of hypertension (13.7%) was recorded among the patients aged from 45 and 60 years. There was significant association of age (p-value = 0.001), social status (p-value = 0.001), stress (p-value = 0.010), and diabetes (p-value = 0.050) with hypertension. The present study has highlighted the significant factors associated with hypertension that encourages the public health professionals to carry out awareness and prevention programs.
Drug Use and Abuse Prevention Concerns in Rural Communities in Enugu State Nigeria
Authors: Dibia Samuel I. C. , Nwagu Evelyn N. , Odo Amelia N.
Published: January 2020

Drug abuse among any population is harmful and constitutes an issue of great concern for health professionals and the entire community. This study focuses on identification of level of drug use and community concerns for preventing drug abuse in two rural communities in Enugu north senatorial zone, Enugu State, Nigeria. We conducted a community-based cross sectional study in Enugu North senatorial zone of Enugu state Nigeria. All adults and youths 10 years and above who were residing in the communities for the past two years were the study population. Simple random sampling by balloting was used to select two communities. Proportionate random sampling was used to select 290 participants comprising 147 males and 133 females for the study. Questionnaire was used to collected data. The data were analyzed by using IBM Statistical Package for Social Science version 20. Descriptive statistics, chi square, Fisher’s exact test and the Monte Carlo test were computed for the data. The most commonly used substances by community members were alcohol, cigarette and cannabis. Greater proportion of community members (57%) frown at abuse of substances. Majority of community members (87%) wished that drug abuse will stop in the community, 3.6% do not wish that it will stop and 9.4% do not care whether it stopped or not. The study has revealed areas of community concern and lack of concern for preventing drug abuse. These are hoped to guide drug abuse prevention intervention in the area of study.
The Impact of Integrating Flipped Learning and Information and Communication Technology on the Secondary School Students’ Academic Achievement and Their Attitudes Towards It
Authors: Seitan Wael I. , Ajlouni Aseel O. , Al-Shara’h Nayel D. A.
Published: January 2020

The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of integrating flipped learning and information and communication technology on secondary school students’ academic achievement and attitudes. The study was based on a quasi-experimental approach where the sample of the study consisted of 40 students from Mashrek International School in Amman, Jordan, who were randomly assigned into either an experimental group (20 students) or control group (20 students). An academic achievement test was used with both groups as a pre-test and post-test, and an attitude scale was implemented only on the experimental group. The validity and reliability of the study were ensured. The findings revealed the effectiveness of the flipped learning approach, statically significant differences were found between the experimental and control group in terms of the students’ academic achievement. As for the experimental group the students’ attitudes towards peers, teacher, environment and learning process were positive.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 9, No. 1
Authors: Lee Joan
Published: January 2020

Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.

Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: sar@ccsenet.org

Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 1

Ahmed Elamrani, Université Mohamed Premier, Morocco

Anchal Dass, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), India

Bed Mani Dahal, Kathmandu University, Nepal

Dietrich Darr, Hochschule Rhein-Waal, Germany

Gema Parra, Universidad de Jaén, Spain

Gunnar Bengtsson, Sweden

Inder Pal Singh, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University(GADVASU), India

Kassim Adekunle Akanni, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Nigeria

Katarzyna Panasiewicz, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland

Khaled Sassi, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, Tunisia

Manuel Teles Oliveira, University Tras os Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), Portugal

Marcelo Augusto Gonçalves Bardi, Universidade Sao Francisco, Brazil

Murtazain Raza, Subsidiary of Habib Bank AG Zurich, Pakistan

Ram Niwas, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, India

Ram Swaroop Jat, ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, India

Subhash Chand, Central Agricultural Research Institute CARI Port Blair, India

Tenaw Workayehu, Hawassa Research Center, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Ethiopia

Vishwambhar Prasad Sati, Government KRG Post Graduate College, India
DETERMINING INFLUENCE OF PISTON-RING-CYLINDER PROFILE ON BLOW-BY
Authors: ABRAMEK Karol
Published: January 2020

This paper presents the modelling of changes of the slot between a cross-section of the piston, the rings and cylinder liners, which affects the intensity of the phenomenon of blow-by into the crankcase piston engine ignition. Changing the slot through which a part of the factor passes is caused by the reciprocal motion of the piston and rings, both against each other as well as against the cylinder strokes.
PROPOSITION OF NEW SINGLE TEST CYCLE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DURING STAND RELIABILITY TESTS
Authors: DROŹDZIEL Paweł , KORDOS Paweł
Published: January 2020

A test-stand reliability evaluation of automotive internal combustion engines is carried out so as to determine the selected reliability parameters, such as an average occurrence of defects, an average frequency of part exchange, an average frequency of engine regulation or the wear of selected engine components. The values of these indicators make it possible to estimate the durability of components used as well as of the whole structure of the engine. During reliability test-stand research, the engine is run according to multiple repeated cycles of operation. The conditions of engine operation during reliability tests can be characterized by time invariability and extreme values of rotational speed and torque. In this article the authors prove that the conditions of real automotive engine operation are much more diversified (city driving) with a high share of partial loads (intercity driving). Another significant difference in test-stand reliability evaluation and real operation is the frequency of engine start-ups. In real conditions engine start-ups are far more frequent. The authors propose a new test cycle, which will enable reproducing the real engine operation conditions in stand tests. Characteristic features of this test include more frequent starts and distinguishing between the two kinds of variability in conditions of operation: city and intercity driving, with “lighter” values of rotational speed and torque.
MULTIPURPOSE COMBAT PLATFORM
Authors: HOLOTA Marian , STACHURA Bartosz
Published: January 2020

The article discusses the genesis of the subject undertaken by the engineering staff at OBRUM Ltd., presents the main feature of the multipurpose combat platform and identifies the basic components of the design. The illustrations show sample applications of the platform for building special vehicles. The summary presents the life cycle cost of the product.
OBRUM’S SPECIAL PRODUCTS DESIGNED FOR POLISH LAND FORCES
Authors: HOLOTA Marian , STACHURA Bartosz
Published: January 2020

The article presents major special products developed at the Centre for Research and Development of Mechanical Devices OBRUM Sp. z.o.o. designed for the Polish Land Forces. The article mainly focuses on engineering equipment.
DILEMMAS WHILE PROVIDING TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO POLISH MILITARY CONTINGENT IN AFGHANISTAN
Authors: JAŁOWIEC Tomasz
Published: January 2020

A significantly increased involvement of the Polish Armed Forces in overseas operations recently has resulted in fundamental changes in the completion of logistic support tasks. A special role in this respect falls upon technical support, which directly determines the completion of tasks while ensuring the safety of soldiers. With the current legal and organisational conditions in which the logistic system of the Polish Armed Forces operates, a number of problems related to the operation of military technology arise, the solution of which influences the fulfilment of tasks facing the soldiers carrying out their duties under extremely difficult conditions.The aim of this article is to define contemporary dilemmas associated with full technical support provided to Polish troops in Afghanistan and to indicate the way in which this system should improve.
REALIZATION OF LOGISTICAL VENTURE IN CONDITIONS OF RISKS
Authors: SKORUPKA Dariusz , DUCHACZEK Artur
Published: January 2020

The material presents an analysis of a potential risk assessment of operating military bridge facilities. Three types of steel military bridges were analysed: assembled bridges, vehicle-launched bridges and low-level bridges. The material presents an original method of a fatigue risk factor analysis. Furthermore, the author presents potential applications of the AHP method to determine weights for risk factors under analysis. It is assumed that at the further stage of research a thorough identification and quantification of other risk factors will be conducted.
THE HISTORY OF ORZYSZ CONSPIRACY
Authors: SZYMANOWICZ Adam , STRZYŻEWSKI Sylwester
Published: January 2020

The turn of the forties and fifties is a period of renewed activity of the various groups and underground organizations. One of them was the Democratic Union of Struggle for Independence - DZWON (the abbreviation of the Polish full name “Demokratyczny Związek Walki O Niepodległość”, in English ‘The Bell’) - the organization that operated in the period from May 1951 to March 1952. The founder and leader of the organization was Władysław Świacki, who had experience in fighting the Nazis, as well as in the underground working.The political programme of the DZWON organization based on commonly taken into consideration by society in those days the possibility of the outbreak of World War III, that at the same time would create the possibility of taking the armed struggle and finally the overthrow of the communist regime depending on the Soviet Union. The internal structure of the organization was closely adjusted to the underground conditions. Władysław Świacki created the ternary system, which was to guarantee the safety of individuals, even in the case of arrests.In the period from May 1951 to February 1952, the organization was able to embrace with its range the part of Olsztyn and Bialystok voivodships. The communist authorities quickly got on the trail of the organization. The first arrests took place in late January and February 1952. Until April of that year dozens of people were arrested. After the brutal interrogation a great number of members of the organization were sentenced to more than ten years in prison.
MODERN TECHNIQUES OF COMMAND AND MANAGEMENT METHODS
Authors: HOPEJ – KAMIŃSKA Magdalena
Published: January 2020

The results of research of the practical application of modern techniques of command and management methods were described. The scope, conditions and consequences of their implementation were discussed. Furthermore the barriers to implementation were shown and guidelines for use of modern techniques of command and management methods in the future were presented.
PARTICIPATION OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND IN PREVENTING AND REMOVING EFFECTS OF NONMILITARY THREATS
Authors: CISZEWSKI Tomasz
Published: January 2020

In this article, the issue of the participation of the Armed Forces of Poland in preventing andremoving the effects of non-military threats is presented. Moreover, the assumptions of the NationalCrisis Management System, the Crisis Management System of the Polish Ministry of NationalDefence and the NATO Office of Security (NOS)/Emergency System are shown. Specialattention is paid to the use of units and subunits of military engineering forces in the nonmilitarysphere. In addition, the effects of their operations during floods which have struck Polandare described.
SIGNIFICANCE AND DIMENSIONS OF STATE SECURITY IN RESPECT OF NON-ENERGY RAW MATERIALS
Authors: ZAMĘCKI Łukasz
Published: January 2020

Non-energy raw materials security is an important aspect of state security. It has an influ-ence on the social and economic development of the state. The main aim of the paper is to emphasize the theoretical paradigms, aspects, conditions and role of non-energy raw materials security. The paper refers to historical and contemporary examples (Poland, China and EU). The paper also underlines the main methods of ensuring raw materials state security.
POLICE HEADQUARTERS INTERNAL AFFAIRS BUREAU – ORGANIZA-TION, TASKS, EFFECTS
Authors: TOKARZ Grzegorz
Published: January 2020

The main purpose of this article is to explain the changes that took place in the Polish Police Internal Affairs Bureau, between 1989 and 2010. The author claims that 1989 brought about substantial changes to the police system of fighting crimes committed by police officers. A growing number of crimes is a challenge for the increasing number of employees of the Bureau.
AMERICAN CONCEPTS OF NATIONAL MISSILE DEFENCE IN EUROPE
Authors: TURCZYŃSKI Paweł
Published: January 2020

It was in the 1970s when building anti-missile systems became technically possible. In the 1980s, R. Reagan had a vision of creating such a system covering the United States. After the Cold War was over, those projects were put to a halt, but as soon as fears of terrorist attacks increased, W. Clinton started developing them again, and after 9/11, G. Bush prioritized them. The US was quick to develop proper military technologies, but the concept of the National Missile Defense was often criticized. Other countries (Russia and many EU members) criticized Americans for disturbing the international power balance and the selective choice of participating countries. In 2009 B. Obama renounced previous projects and proposed creating an international system shielding many countries. This project was accepted by NATO members and Russia, but its final creation has been put off.
POLAND’S ENERGY SECURITY IN THE CONTEXT OF EXPLORATION FOR ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES
Authors: SZYMCZYK Rafał
Published: January 2020

This article outlines the issues of Poland’s energy security in the context of the country's energy independence from external suppliers through the diversification of supply sources, the use of national sources and the search for alternative energy sources and new technologies. It also presents the current situation of the fuel and energy sector, future prospects and commitments resulting from the European Union’s guidelines.
DECISION IN ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDINGS
Authors: PROSKIN Leszek
Published: January 2020

The article analyses adjudication processes: decision-making, incentives, factual states and legal conditions influencing the content of adjudication. A practical solution to problems by adjudication and a custom as part of this practice. A custom can be defined as a non-legal habit of conduct virtually observed within a given organizational structure (unit) of administration in similar situations and in specified time.The society, including the bodies that govern it, should be characterised by legality, i.e. act within law. In our conditions an administrative decision is of phenomenal significance and leaves a clear mark on our everyday life. It is virtually impossible to meet a person that has never been a subject of an administrative decision. Because of the importance of an administrative decision in our life, this article is addressed to those clerks in administrative bodies that in the course of administrative proceedings draw up the content of a ruling or decision that terminates the proceedings in a particular instance and feel anonymous. Underestimating familiarity with law by stating that one does not know law or that one is not a lawyer is frequently repeated by those employees in administrative bodies that are responsible for the content of those decisions and in this way they reveal their ignorance. Ignorantia legis non excusat (Latin for “ignorance of the law excuses no one”), therefore one cannot excuse oneself with unfamiliarity with law.