bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NETWORK VIROLOGY: PREDICTION AND REGULATION OF MULTIVIRUS EPIDEMIC PROCESSES
Authors: Остапенко Александр Григорьевич , Зарочинцев Евгений Валерьевич , Остапенко Ольга Александровна , Сибирко Ксения Владимировна , Сафронова Виктория Витальевна , Федоров Павел Денисович
Published: August 2021

Целью исследований является повышение защищённости распределенных компьютерных сетей за счет формализации поливирусных эпидемических процессов в них на основе специально созданного методического поливирусного обеспечения оценки и регулирования рисков. В работе продемонстрированы поливирусные модели, позволяющие моделировать поливирусное воздействие на компьютерную сеть. При помощи представленных моделей было произведено моделирование поливирусного воздействия на сетевую структуру. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы исследователями в области моделирования эпидемических процессов, данные модели позволят более точно и качественно оценивать протекание поливирусных эпидемических процессов в распределённых компьютерных сетях, а также специалистами по защите информации при разработке мер противодействия распространения компьютерных вирусов и реализовать задел к рассмотрению скоростных и качественных особенностей протекания поливирусных эпидемических процессов в компьютерных сетях.

The purpose of the research is to increase the security of distributed computer networks by formalizing the multivirus epidemic processes in them on the basis of a specially created methodological multivirus support for risk assessment and management. The work demonstrates polyviral models that allow simulating a polyviral effect on a computer network. The presented models were used to simulate the polyviral effect on the network structure. The results obtained can be used by researchers in the field of modeling epidemic processes, these models will allow for a more accurate and high-quality assessment of the course of polyviral epidemic processes in distributed computer networks, as well as information security specialists in the development of measures to counter the spread of computer viruses, and features of the course of polyviral epidemic processes in computer networks.
TARGETED COMPREHENSION OF THE PROGRAM OF INCREASING AWARENESS OF EMPLOYEES ON INFORMATION SECURITY OF THE ORGANIZATION
Authors: Астахова Людмила Викторовна , Бесчастнов Семён Александрович
Published: August 2021

Повышение осведомленности сотрудников организации об информационной безопасности занимает устойчивое место в числе объектов исследования науки и практики, что обусловлено объективными факторами. Результаты исследований показывают, что в организациях присутствуют проблемные области управления информационной безопасностью, связанные с отсутствием целенаправленно применяемой методологии обучения и профессионального развития пользователей информационных систем. Это выражается в росте числа утечек защищаемой информации, спровоцированных внутренними пользователями. Для решения этой проблемы в статье обоснована сущность принципа целевой комплексности программы повышения осведомленности сотрудников об информационной безопасности организации, его доминирующая роль в процессе проектирования структуры и содержания программы. Охарактеризовано разработанное на основе этого принципа программное средство для повышения осведомленности сотрудников, его технические параметры, функциональные возможности и отличия от других продуктов.

Raising the awareness of employees of the organization about information security takes a stable place among the objects of research in science and practice, which is due to objective factors. Research results show that organizations have problem areas of information security management associated with the lack of a purposefully applied methodology for training and professional development of information system users. This leads to an increasing number of information leaks through the fault of users. To solve this problem, the article substantiates the essence of the principle of the target complexity of the program for raising the awareness of employees about the information security of an organization, its dominant role in the process of designing the structure and content of the program. A software tool developed based on this principle for raising employee awareness, its technical parameters, functionality, and differences from other products is characterized.
APPLICATION OF MULTI-LEVEL FAIR QUEUE MECHANISM FOR MITIGATING DENIAL-OF-SERVICE ATTACKS ON SOFTWARE-DEFINED NETWORKS
Authors: Рытов Михаил Юрьевич , Калашников Руслан Юрьевич , Горелов Алексей Алексеевич
Published: August 2021

Концепция программно-конфигурируемых сетей (SDN) стремительно набирает популярность в управлении сетевой инфраструктурой центров обработки данных и операторов связи. К её ключевым функциям относятся мониторинг, детальное управление, гибкость и масштабируемость. Но вместе с тем, централизованное управление SDN делает его уязвимым для различных типов атак, таких как спуфинг и отказ в обслуживании (DoS). DoS-атаки оказывают наиболее серьезное воздействие, поскольку они снижают производительность сети из-за перегрузки ее различных компонентов, то есть контроллера, коммутатора и канала управления. Существующие подходы справляются с DoS-атаками в SDN либо путем отбрасывания вредоносных пакетов, либо путем объединения правил потока, что приводит к потерям легитимного трафика. Для уменьшения последствий DoS-атак в этой статье предлагается использование механизма многоуровневой справедливой очереди, который обеспечивает совместное использование ресурсов контроллера с несколькими уровнями очередей, которые могут динамически расширяться и агрегироваться в зависимости от загруженности сети. Предлагаемый подход оценивается путем сравнения его с базовым контроллером SDN. Результаты моделирования показывают, что предлагаемый подход увеличивает производительность SDN с точки зрения использования пропускной способности канала управления.

The concept of Software Defined Networking (SDN) is rapidly gaining popularity in the management of the network infrastructure of data centers and telecom operators. Its key functions include monitoring, granular control, flexibility and scalability. But at the same time, the centralized management of SDN makes it vulnerable to various types of attacks, such as spoofing and denial of service (DoS). DoS attacks have the most serious impact because they degrade network performance by overloading various components such as the controller, switch, and control channel. Existing approaches deal with SDN DoS attacks either by dropping malicious packets or by combining flow rules, which leads to the loss of legitimate traffic. To mitigate the impact of DoS attacks, this article proposes the use of a tiered fair queuing mechanism, which allows the sharing of controller resources with multiple queue tiers that can dynamically expand and aggregate based on network congestion. The proposed approach is evaluated by comparing it to a basic SDN controller. Simulation results show that the proposed approach increases SDN performance in terms of control channel bandwidth utilization.
SECURITY ANALYSIS OF PROTECTED AND ANONYMOUS BROWSERS
Authors: Громов Юрий Юрьевич , Трубиенко Олег Владимирович , Карасев Павел Игоревич , Желобенко Кирилл Александрович
Published: August 2021

Индустрия браузеров существует в основном за счет косвенных источников финансирования, поэтому создатели браузеров должны заботиться о привлекательности предлагаемого продукта. При выборе браузера пользователь руководствуется соображениями красоты, удобства и скорости работы. Большинство пользователей в современном мире не являются технически подготовленными, это обычные люди, которые подбирают товары в магазинах или общаются в соцсетях и т. п. Они имеют смутные представления об информационной безопасности и часто пренебрегают ею либо, наоборот, начинают бояться вмешательства в частную жизнь и не знают, как себя обезопасить или как проверить ее обеспечение. Поэтому основная ответственность обеспечения информационной безопасности лежит на создателях браузера и зависит от их добросовестности и компетенции. Одна из задач специалистов по информационной безопасности - помогать улучшать сервисы с точки зрения их безопасности. С этой целью в работе проведен анализ безопасности четырех браузеров, которые были изначально представлены как браузеры для безопасного и анонимного пользования. Задача обзора и анализа заключается в определении наиболее безопасного и конфиденциального инструмента для веб-серфинга, а также выявления содержания в этих браузерах вредоносных кодов.

The browser industry is largely driven by indirect funding, so browser makers should be concerned about the attractiveness of the product they offer. When choosing a browser, the user is guided by considerations of beauty, convenience and speed of work. Most users in the modern world are not technically trained, they are ordinary people who pick up products in stores or communicate on social networks, etc. They have a vague idea of information security, and often neglect it, or, on the contrary, begin to fear interference with their privacy and do not know how to protect themselves or how to check its provision. Therefore, the main responsibility for ensuring information security lies with the creators of the browser and depends on their integrity and competence. One of the tasks of information security professionals is to help improve services in terms of their security. To this end, the work carried out a security analysis of four browsers that were originally presented as browsers for safe and anonymous use. The task of the survey and analysis is to determine the most secure and confidential tool for web surfing, as well as to identify the content of malicious codes in these browsers.
An analysis of well-being in Gauteng province using the capability approach
Authors: Mushongera Darlington , Kwenda Prudence , Ntuli Miracle
Published: August 2021

As countries across the globe pursue economic development, the improvement of individual and societal well-being has increasingly become an overarching goal. In the global South, in particular, high levels of poverty, inequality and deteriorating social fabrics remain significant challenges. Programmes and projects for addressing these challenges have had some, but limited, impact. This occasional paper analyses well-being in Gauteng province from a capability perspective, using a standard ‘capability approach’ consistent with Amartya Sen’s first conceptualisation, which was then operationalised by Martha Nussbaum. Earlier research on poverty and inequality in the Gauteng City-Region was mainly based on objective characteristics of well-being such as income, employment, housing and schooling. Using data from the Gauteng City-Region Observatory’s Quality of Life Survey IV for 2015/16, our capability approach provides a more holistic view of well-being by focusing on both objective and subjective aspects simultaneously. The results confirm the well-known heterogeneity in human conditions among South African demographic groups, namely that capability achievements vary across race, age, gender, income level and location. However, we observe broader (in both subjective and objective dimensions) levels of deprivation that are otherwise masked in the earlier studies. In light of these findings, the paper recommends that policies are directly targeted towards improving those capability indicators where historically disadvantaged and vulnerable groups show marked deprivation. In addition, given the spatial heterogeneities in capability achievements, we recommend localised interventions in capabilities that are lagging in certain areas of the province.
ЭНЕРГОЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ В АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНЕ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ
Authors: Гаджизаде Нурлан Гаджизаде Нурлан
Published: August 2021

Резюме: В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с энергоэффективностью в Азербайджане, анализируются процессы, происходящие в мире в области энергоэффективности и перспективы ее развития. Здесь же определена и сгруппирована система показателей и критериев, обусловливающих энергоэффективность. Была дана оценка текущей ситуации и проделанной работы в области энергоэффективности. В качестве комплексных предложений были выдвинуты обогащение разрабатываемой в Азербайджане стратегии долгосрочного развития энергетического сектора компонентами, повышающими энергоэффективность, углубление и совершенствование институционализации отрасли. Ключевые слова: энергоэффективность, энергетическая безопасность, энергетический сектор, электроэнергетикa, реформы.
Searching for A Feminist Rights: A Postmodernist Analysis of Selected Poems by Sylvia Plath
Authors: Jasim Salman Hayder , Rahma Adnan Taher
Published: August 2021

Sylvia Plath is one of those American poets who left their thumbprints on early postmodernist
writings in America. Though, she lived a short life concluded by a horrible suicide, she
produced a large body of poetry whose importance could have competed with later
postmodernist poetry such as that written by Adrienne Rich, Maya Angelo and Harriet
Mullen. The form and content of Plath's poetry demonstrated a new way of writing in
comparison to the modernist poetry that preceded her time.
When postmodernism meant the ultimate end of previous metanarratives and
philosophies of form and content of writing and when postmodernism advocated selfgeneration over self-understanding, Plath appeared as a newly generated poet with a feminist
message. Her appeal for a feminist position found support in the rapidly developing public
sphere, which America witnessed during 1960s, as well as in the artistic and literary
postmodernist sphere that accompanied it.
To make an account for Sylvia Plath's achievement in this respect, the researcher
divides the present paper into an introduction, three sections and a conclusion:
The introduction of the paper sets the background of Sylvia Plath's literary rise and
significance in her posthumous literary American scene.
Section One discusses Plath's fight for a feminist role as it started early inside her
family. The researcher selects a couple of poems to define the different sides of this internal
struggle.
Section Two moves out to the larger social scene which Plath choses to confirm her
feminist demand on an external level. Here, she re-introduces the images of the 'bee' and the
'spider' to support her feminist stand.
Section Three sheds light upon the theme of suicide and how it allures Plath as a
means to define her feminist self.
The Conclusion sums up the findings of the paper.
Disclosure of Debt Instruments in Accordance With The Requirements of The Seventh International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS7)
Authors: Hasen Lecturer Ali Mahmood , Elnour Dr.Mohamed Elnair Mohamed
Published: August 2021

The research sought to discover the application and disclosure extent of the debt instruments
within the Iraqi’s commercial private banks in accordance with the seventh international
financial reporting standard, by using the descriptive analytical approach building a
questionnaire form with the aim of testing the research hypothesis. The research hypothesized
that the private Iraqi commercial banks did not apply the principles of the international
reporting standard, specifically the Seventh financial standard regarding debt instruments
disclosure. The research reached a main conclusion, which is that the Iraqi private
commercial banks disclose the amounts recorded in the statement of financial position or the
notes for loans and investments held to maturity, and this conclusion was met with a
recommendation for the Iraqi commercial private banks to disclose the loans and investments
held to maturity and to expand the disclosure of them and their subsidiaries, if any, due to the
transparency it provides in the presentation of the financial position statement.
New Institutions for Global Justice and Alleviating Global Poverty
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Kumar Santosh
Published: August 2021

Alleviation of global poverty, especially in the global South has an urgent issue of moral
concern for world leadership. Global institutions have laid down various proposals to
eradicate poverty across the globe but nothing substantial has changed and still millions of
people are living in acute poverty. Global academia especially political
theorists/philosophers have tried to address the issue of global poverty and in this paper I
will be discussing the cosmopolitan position to address the issue. The proposed paper seeks
to explore: what must a globally egalitarianinstitutional design look like that addresses the
morally urgent problem of global poverty,especially in the global south?
The Effect of a Rehabilitation Curriculum for Developing the Muscles Supporting the Intervertebral Ligaments for People with Lumbar Pain for the Quads
Authors: Salman Dr. Salah Mahmood , Abed Dr. Ismael Saleem , Husaein Dr. Sajjad Abdulameer
Published: August 2021

Today, sport is one of the manifestations of the civilization of peoples, as the development of
sport accompanied the meaning of being an athlete. Therefore, studying the direct and side
effects on the health of the athlete and how to avoid these influences to overwhelm the athlete
and in turn affect his artistic performance and The researcher used the experimental method
as it is the closest method to solving the research problem and The research community was
chosen in a deliberate way and represented the community with weightlifting players for
Baghdad clubs for the season (2021) AD and The researcher concluded The rehabilitation
curriculum exercises contributed positively to the development of the muscles working on the
spine and the lumbar region in particular and The rehabilitation curriculum exercises played
an active role in reducing the degree of pain.
The Beggar’s Opera as Social and Political Satire: Origin, Development and Popularity
Authors: Nima Asmaa Habib , Saeed Asmaa Mokaram , Walee Kamal Almas
Published: August 2021

This research paper revolves around the origin, development and popularity of John Gay’s
The Beggar’s Opera when taken as a significant social and political satire. Historical
representations are required to set up the shaping factors and origin of this play. Besides, the
paper sheds light on the influences that have prompted him to attempt this kind of dramatic
art. Furthermore, it can be assumed that that play is the production of Gay’s satirical attitudes
towards the social and political systems prevailing in his time that are facilitative to this
artistic production. The researcher will make certain touches upon Gay’s innovative mind to
create a genre unprecedented in his time—the ballad opera tradition—that has gained
immense popularity in the literary media and influenced many major dramatists such as
Thomas Beckett and others to follow his example.
The Perception of Preparatory Schools Teachers for the Daily Lesson Plan
Authors: Bahadli Dr. Khansa H. AL-
Published: August 2021

Daily lesson plan is one of the most important thing that every teacher should consider in
teaching process. It leads to a clarity of vision for the educational teacher, as this contributes
to defining the students’ previous experiences in an accurate way, and the objectives of the
current educational process, after which he is able to develop and prepare the best appropriate
procedures for implementing and evaluating the teaching process. The current paper tries to
find out the understanding of teachers to the daily lesson plan by give the questionnaire of
twenty items.
Recommendation of a Webpage by using Web Mining Technique
Authors: Agarwal Keshav
Published: August 2021

In today's world of the Internet, different varieties of content are created in enormous amounts, so to
give pertinent outcomes to clients, web suggestions become a significant piece of web applications.
Various web proposals are made accessible to clients consistently, including pictures, recordings,
Audio, question ideas, and site pages. In our research, we are targeting giving a system to website
page proposals. 1) describing the fundamental technique of web mining 2) Web mining technique
explanation.3) We propose the engineering for the customized website page suggestion
Beden Eğitimi Öğretmenlerinin İşe Bağlılıklarının İncelenmesi
Authors: SELÇUK Mehmet Hasan , KARACA Yasin
Published: August 2021

Çalışmak, bir işle uğraşmak insan hayatının en önemli olaylarından birisidir. İnsanlar hayatının önemli bir kısmını çalışarak geçirirler. Dolayısıyla işin insan hayatını etkileyen bir yönü vardır. Bu etki nedeniyle insanlar işleriyle kendileri arasında güçlü bir bağ oluştururlar. Bu araştırmada beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin işe bağlılık düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada genel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırma grubunu, basit tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemine göre seçilen ve araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılan 78’i kadın, 105’i erkek olmak üzere toplam 183 Beden Eğitimi Öğretmeni oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada “İş Yaşamında Öznel İyi Oluş: Utrecht İşe Bağlılık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, Beden Eğitimi Öğretmenlerinin demografik özelliklerine ait bulgular için frekans ve yüzde; Beden Eğitimi Öğretmenlerinin işe bağlılık düzeylerini belirlemek için aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapma; ilişkisiz ölçümlerde ortalama puanların karşılaştırılması için Varyans analizi (Tek Yönlü ANOVA, bağımsız örneklem t-testi), anlamlı farklılığın hangi gruplar arasında olduğunu belirlemek için Tukey testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda Beden Öğretmenlerinin işe bağlılık düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca kadın katılımcı öğretmenlerinin kendilerini işlerine daha çok adadıkları, yüksek lisans mezunu olan katılımcı öğretmenlerin işlerine daha az yoğunlaştıkları görülmüştür.
HAS THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC INCREASED POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION RISK?
Authors: TÜRKGELDİ Engin , YILDIZ Şule
Published: August 2021

Aim: To observe if Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic had an impact on postpartum depression (PPD) risk in women who delivered in a tertiary hospital in Istanbul, Turkey, by comparing Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EDPS) scores before and after the pandemic was declared. Materials and Methods: All women who attended to the postpartum follow-up visit within 10-14 days of their delivery and completed the EPDS form were included. Women who completed forms before the declaration of pandemic (between January 14, 2020, and March 11, 2020) were labeled as the pre-pandemic group, whereas those between March 12, 2020 and June 28, 2020 were designated as the post-pandemic group. Baseline characteristics were recorded. Pre-pandemic and post-pandemic EPDS scores were compared. Results: A total of 164 women, 73 in the pre-pandemic and 91 in the post-pandemic period, were included in the study. Baseline characteristics were similar except for gravidity and parity, which were higher in the post-pandemic group. Median(25th-75th percentile) EPDS scores were similar at 7(4-11) and 6(3-10) in the in the pre- and post-pandemic periods, respectively (p=0.39). When we compared the characteristics of women with scores
THE EFFECTS OF FISCAL POLICY SHOCKS ON THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Dobrotă Gabriela , Voda Alina Daniela , Dumitrașcu Dănuț Dumitru
Published: August 2021

Fiscal policy influences economic conditions through public spending and taxes, generating positive or negative impulses, both on short and long term. The present research focuses on analysing the effects of the discretionary changes in the fiscal policy in seven post-communist countries of the European Union during the period 2000–2018. The autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) has been applied in order to obtain the convergence rates to equilibrium with a clear analysis of the periods needed to achieve the long-run fiscal sustainability. Also, the error correction vector model (VECM), which is based on the autoregressive vector (VAR) model, has been used in the second part of the analysis focusing on the Cholesky factorization of innovations. Impulse-response functions aiming to estimate the response of government expenditures to the shock produced by three macroeconomic variables have been identified.
Imaging Sources in the Third Realization of the International Celestial Reference Frame
Authors: Hunt Lucas R. , Johnson Megan C. , Cigan Phillip J. , Gordon David , Spitzak John
Published: August 2021

The third iteration of the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF3) is made up of 4536 quasars observed at S/X bands using very-long-baseline interferometry. These sources are high-redshift quasars, typically between 1 < z < 2, that are believed to host active galactic nuclei at their centers. The position of compact radio sources can be determined better than sources with large amounts of extended radio structure. Here we report information on a series of 20 observations from 2017 January through December 2017 that were designed for precise astrometry and to monitor the structure of sources included in the ICRF3. We targeted 3627 sources over the one year campaign and found the median flux density of 2697 detected sources at S band is 0.13 Jy, and the median flux density of 3209 sources detected at X band is 0.09 Jy. We find that 70% of detected sources in our campaign are considered compact at X band and ideal for use in the ICRF and 89% of the 2615 sources detected at both frequencies have a flat spectral index, α > 0.5
Constraining Spatial Densities of Early Ice Formation in Small Dense Molecular Cores from Extinction Maps
Authors: Chu Laurie E. U. , Hodapp Klaus W.
Published: August 2021

Tracing dust in small dense molecular cores is a powerful tool to study the conditions required for ices to form during the prestellar phase. To study these environments, five molecular cores were observed: three with ongoing low-mass star formation (B59, B335, and L483), and two starless collapsing cores (L63 and L694-2). Deep images were taken in the infrared JHK bands with the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope WFCAM (Wide Field Camera) instrument and IRAC channels 1 and 2 on the Spitzer Space Telescope. These five photometric bands were used to calculate extinction along the line of sight toward background stars. After smoothing the data, we produced high spatial resolution extinction maps (∼13″–29″). The maps were then projected into the third dimension using the AVIATOR algorithm implementing the inverse Abel transform. The volume densities of the total hydrogen were measured along lines of sight where ices (H2O, CO, and CH3OH) have previously been detected. We find that lines of sight with pure CH3OH or a mixture of CH3OH with CO have maximum volume densities above 1.0 × 105 cm−3. These densities are only reached within a small fraction of each of the cores (∼0.3%–2.1%). CH3OH presence may indicate the onset of complex organic molecule formation within dense cores, and thus we can constrain the region where this onset can begin. The maximum volume densities toward star-forming cores in our sample (∼(1.2–1.7) × 106 cm−3) are higher than those toward starless cores (∼(3.5–9.5) × 105 cm−3).
Blueshifted Hydrogen Emission and Shock Wave of RR Lyrae Variables in SDSS and LAMOST
Authors: Duan 段 Xiao-Wei 晓苇 , Chen 陈 Xiaodian 孝钿 , Sun 孙 Weijia 唯佳 , Deng 邓 Licai 李才 , Zhang 张 Huawei 华伟 , Yang 杨 Fan 帆 , Liu 刘 Chao 超
Published: August 2021

Hydrogen emissions of RR Lyrae variables are the imprints of shock waves traveling through their atmospheres. We develop a pattern recognition algorithm, which is then applied to single-epoch spectra of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope survey. These two spectroscopic surveys covered ∼10,000 photometrically confirmed RR Lyrae stars. We discovered in total 127 RR Lyrae stars with blueshifted Balmer emission features, including 103 fundamental mode (RRab), 20 first-overtone (RRc), 3 double-mode (RRd), and 1 Blazhko-type (temporary classification for RR Lyrae stars with strong Blazhko modulation in the Catalina sky survey that cannot be characterized) RR Lyrae variable. This forms the largest database to date of the properties of hydrogen emission in RR Lyrae variables. Based on Zwicky Transient Facility DR5, we carried out a detailed light-curve analysis for the Blazhko-type RR Lyrae star with hydrogen emission of long-term modulations. We characterize the Blazhko-type RR Lyrae star as an RRab and point out a possible Blazhko period. Finally, we set up simulations on mock spectra to test the performance of our algorithm and on the real observational strategy to investigate the occurrence of the “first apparition.”
No Large Dependence of Planet Frequency on Galactocentric Distance
Authors: Koshimoto Naoki , Bennett David P. , Suzuki Daisuke , Bond Ian A.
Published: August 2021

Gravitational microlensing is currently the only technique that helps study the Galactic distribution of planets as a function of distance from the Galactic center. The Galactic location of a lens system can be uniquely determined only when at least two of the three quantities that determine the mass–distance relations are measured. However, even if only one mass–distance relation can be obtained, a large sample of microlensing events can be used to statistically discuss the Galactic distribution of the lenses. In this study, we extract the Galactic distribution of planetary systems from the distribution of the lens-source proper motion, μ
rel, for a given Einstein radius crossing time, t
E, measured for the 28 planetary events in the statistical sample by Suzuki et al. Because microlensing is randomly caused by stars in our Galaxy, the observational distribution can be predicted using a Galactic model. We incorporate the planet-hosting probability,

P

host

∝

M

L

m

R

L

r

, into a Galactic model for random-selected stars, where M
L is the lens mass (∼host mass), and R
L is the Galactocentric distance. By comparing the observed distribution with the model-predicted μ
rel distribution for a given t
E at various combinations of (m, r), we obtain an estimate r = 0.2 ± 0.4 under a plausible uniform prior for m of 0 < m < 2. This indicates that the dependence of the planet frequency on the Galactocentric distance is not large, and suggests that the Galactic bulge does have planets.
Rethinking the use of the term ‘Global South’ in academic publishing
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime
Published: August 2021

‘Global South’, a term frequently used on websites and in papers related to academic and ‘predatory’ publishing, may represent a form of unscholarly discrimination. Arguments are put forward as to why the current use of this term is geographically meaningless, since it implies countries in the southern hemisphere, whereas many of the entities in publishing that are referred to as being part of the Global South are in fact either on the equator or in the northern hemisphere. Therefore, academics, in writing about academic publishing, should cease using this broad, culturally insensitive, and geographically inaccurate term.
Ethical Awareness: What It Is and Why It Matters
Authors: Milliken Aimee
Published: August 2021

Given the complexity of contemporary healthcare environments, it is vital that nurses are able to recognize and address ethical issues as they arise. Though dilemmas and challenging situations create the most obvious, dramatic risks to patients, routine nursing actions have implications for patients as well. Ethical awareness involves recognizing the ethical implications of all nursing actions. Developing ethical awareness is one way to empower nurses to act as moral agents in order to provide patients with safe and ethical care. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the concept of ethical awareness and the role it plays in patient care. Background information is provided; three everyday scenarios highlight the importance of ethical awareness in everyday nursing practice; followed by additional discussion; and strategies for heightening ethical awareness are suggested.
Moving Shift Report to the Bedside: An Evidence-Based Quality Improvement Project
Authors: McAllen Edward , Stephens Kimberly , Swanson-Biearman Brenda , Kerr Kimberly , Whiteman Kimberly
Published: August 2021

A Midwestern, 532-bed, acute care, tertiary, Magnet® designated teaching hospital identified concerns about fall rates and patient and nurse satisfaction scores. Research has shown that the implementation of bedside report has increased patient safety and patient and nurse satisfaction. An evidence-based practice change incorporating bedside report into standard nursing care was implemented and evaluated over a four-month time period on three nursing units. Fall rates, HCAHPS and Press Ganey® scores, and nurses’ response to a satisfaction survey were measured before and after the project implementation. This article begins with the background of the problem and literature review, and then presents the project methods, measures, and data analysis. Results demonstrated that patient fall rates decreased by 24%, and nurse satisfaction improved with four of six nurse survey questions (67%) having percentage gains in the strongly agree or agree responses following implementation of bedside report. HCAHPS and Press Ganey® results demonstrated improvement in Press Ganey® scores on two of the three nursing units. In this project, implementation of bedside report had a positive impact on patient safety, patient satisfaction, and nurse satisfaction. The authors conclude with discussion of findings and implications for nursing management.
Simulation-Based Learning: No Longer a Novelty in Undergraduate Education
Authors: Aebersold Michelle
Published: August 2021

Simulation, once the domain of those faculty who enjoyed the technical aspects of using computerized mannequins, has now moved to center stage in nursing education. Nursing programs realize that they can no longer afford to consider simulation as merely an 'add-on.’ Simulation today includes role play, standardized patients, virtual simulation, and computerized mannequins. It is now imperative to integrate simulation throughout the entire curriculum. Today, simulation allows students to learn skills; develop clinical reasoning abilities; and to become competent in caring for patients/families in a safe environment. The variety of simulation-based learning options can offer a way to replace traditional, and often hard to find, clinical experiences. In this article, the author describes the background, theoretical basis, and current uses of simulation; reports on simulation effectiveness in nursing; shares educational strategies to enhance effectiveness; and considers simulation methods and feedback and debriefing strategies. The conclusion addresses simulation evaluation, and the future of simulation in nursing education.
L’orphisme romanesque à la lumière d’Arthur Machen
Authors: Kunkel Samuel
Published: August 2021

Souvent associé au genre poétique, à la fin du xix e  siècle, on peut observer une application de la philosophie artistique de l’orphisme au genre romanesque. Si la finalité du poète orphique de l’époque 1900 était de créer une œuvre dans laquelle les paroles incarnent une facette du divin, tel n’est pas le souhait du romancier orphique, qui cherche plutôt à avertir un lecteur béotien de la réalité et la possibilité d’une expérience mystique — et ce afin de fournir un contrepoint spirituel au climat de pessimisme engendré par la laïcisation et la décadence de la société d’alors. Dans un tel contexte, les romans de l’écrivain gallois Arthur Machen paraissent particulièrement intéressants. Reconnaissant toute forme d’expression humaine comme insuffisante pour brosser la complexité intégrale de Dieu, ainsi que toute expérience mystique, Machen n’ambitionne pas de décrire le divin, mais plutôt ses effets sur l’esprit de l’individu. Ceci se fait par une modification de la syntaxe narrative qui cherche désormais à reproduire les modulations internes que subit la pensée humaine lorsque le sujet passe entre dans un état d’extase en présence du divin. Ainsi, les romans mystiques de Machen ont pour finalité d’agir comme un catalyseur, déclenchant un éveil chez le lecteur, et le poussant à renouer avec sa propre spiritualité en-dehors du monde diégétique.
Le statut de la conscience dans le processus de l’autocensure. Amphibologie de la conscience et conscientisation
Authors: Iarossi Pauline
Published: August 2021

L’autocensure a été définie pour l’instant comme la valorisation de l’inhibition consciente du langage et des faits au profit d’une survalorisation de l’effet ou de la récompense associée à cette inhibition. Jusqu’à présent, le concept de conscience (ses degrés, ses rapports, son histoire) n’a pas fait l’objet d’une étude précise. Si le processus d’autocensure est assurément un processus conscient, il nous faut dès à présent définir ce que signifie la conscience dans l’histoire du sujet historique et politique. Ce sujet particulier utilise le phénomène de conscience pour se déterminer à reproduire ou bien, à faire vaciller le rapport dialectique qu’il entretient avec le monde social-historique.
L’éthique du care en situation de pandémie : quels changements possibles ?
Authors: Dalmiya Vrinda , Rollet Brigitte
Published: August 2021

Cet article traite des articulations spécifiques du care proposées par trois éminentes théoriciennes du concept – Eva Kittay, Joan Tronto, et Maria Puig de la Bellacasa – afin d’analyser les aspects pratiques du Covid-19 aux États-Unis et en Inde. La question centrale est de savoir si une analyse de la pandémie par le care peut amorcer des imaginations radicalement différentes du “vivre ensemble” dans un monde post-Covid. Après avoir examiné certains obstacles à l’adoption des changements profondément relationnels de la perspective du soin, j’examinerai si notre réponse aux crises contient une « auto-réflexion pragmatique » implicite des cadres néolibéraux bien enracinés et fondés sur l’individualité atomisée, la responsabilité individualisée et les valeurs du fondamentalisme de marché.
Combined Rectus Muscle Transposition With Posterior Fixation Sutures (Augmented Knapp Procedure) for the Surgical Treatment of Double Elevator Palsy
Authors: Akar Serpil , Gokyigit Birsen , Kayaarasi Ozturker Zeynep
Published: August 2021

Purpose:

To evaluate the surgical results of full horizontal tendon rectus muscle transposition to the superior rectus muscle insertion, augmented by posterior fixation sutures, in patients with double elevator palsy.

Methods:

In this retrospective comparative study, 17 patients treated by the augmented Knapp procedure (study group) were compared with 28 patients treated by the standard Knapp procedure (control group). Pre-operative and postoperative vertical deviation in primary position, ocular motility, binocular function, and rate of reoperation were evaluated.

Results:

The mean preoperative near and distance deviations (hypotropia) decreased by 93% and 97% in the study group and 68% and 69% in the control group, respectively. The improvement in near and distance deviation was statistically more significant in the study group than the control group (
P
= .001 for each parameter). The mean preoperative elevation deficiency in abduction and adduction improved by 64% and 66% in the study group and 37% and 39% in the control group, respectively. The improvement in elevation deficiency in abduction and adduction was statistically significantly greater in the study group than the control group (
P
= .001 and .04, respectively). Reoperation was required in 15 patients (54%) in the control group and 2 (12%) in the study group during the follow-up period of 26 ± 4 months.

Conclusions:

The postoperative improvement in near and distance deviation and elevation deficiency in abduction and adduction was significantly better in the augmented Knapp procedure than the standard Knapp procedure. This procedure demonstrated a stronger effect in the treatment of double elevator palsy.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2022;59(1):17–23.]
Modelling lockdown measures in epidemic outbreaks using selective socio-economic containment with uncertainty
Authors: Albi Giacomo ,   Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Str. Le Grazie 15, 37100 Verona, Italy, Pareschi Lorenzo , Zanella Mattia ,   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Ferrara, Via Machiavelli 35, 37131 Ferrara, Italy,   Department of Mathematics, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata, 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Published: August 2021

After the introduction of drastic containment measures aimed at stopping the epidemic contagion from SARS-CoV2, many governments have adopted a strategy based on a periodic relaxation of such measures in the face of a severe economic crisis caused by lockdowns. Assessing the impact of such openings in relation to the risk of a resumption of the spread of the disease is an extremely difficult problem due to the many unknowns concerning the actual number of people infected, the actual reproduction number and infection fatality rate of the disease. In this work, starting from a SEIRD compartmental model with a social structure based on the age of individuals and stochastic inputs that account for data uncertainty, the effects of containment measures are introduced via an optimal control problem dependent on specific social activities, such as home, work, school, etc. Through a short time horizon approximation, we derive models with multiple feedback controls depending on social activities that allow us to assess the impact of selective relaxation of containment measures in the presence of uncertain data. After analyzing the effects of the various controls, results from different scenarios concerning the first wave of the epidemic in some major countries, including Germany, France, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States, are presented and discussed. Specific contact patterns in the home, work, school and other locations have been considered for each country. Numerical simulations show that a careful strategy of progressive relaxation of containment measures, such as that adopted by some governments, may be able to keep the epidemic under control by restarting various productive activities.
Characterising Noise in Archaeo-Geophysical Measurements
Authors: Schmidt Armin , Dabas Michel , Sarris Apostolos
Published: August 2021

– Noise can be characterised through geostatistical or spectral analysis.– Under-sampled soil noise appears similar to random noise.
Multi-Trace Coherence Mapping and Data Fusion for Improved GPR Imaging
Authors: Trinks Immo , Hinterleitner Alois , Schneidhofer Petra , Nau Erich , Tonning Christer , Bornik Alexander , Verhoeven Geert , Neubauer Wolfgang
Published: August 2021

– Usually only GPR reflection amplitudes are imaged, while GPR data contain far more information.– Multi-trace GPR coherency visualisations offer new insights into structures otherwise hardly visible.– Image fusing permits the combined display of different GPR data attributes (amplitude and coherency).
EMI Prospection at Tabbel El-Guesh (Saqqara Plateau, Egypt)
Authors: Vitale Quentin , Nouveau Marie , Pasquet Sylvain , Rejiba Fayçal , Camerlynck Christian , Dobrev Vassil
Published: August 2021

– Specific EMI instrumental drift compensation processing.– High-resolution EMI in-phase mapping highlights buried archaeological structures.– EMI quadrature component mostly delineates local geological variability.
Everything Archaeology?
Authors: Linck Roland , Gericke Tatjana
Published: August 2021

– Routine aerial archaeology flights over decades.– Pitfalls in aerial photo interpretation.
GPR vs Archaeological Excavation: Comparison of the Results Obtained in the Eastern District of the Roman Small Town of Bridiers (la Souterraine, Creuse, France)
Authors: Baret Florian
Published: August 2021

– Comparison of GPR and excavation results in the case of an ancient Roman building.
Archaeological Feedback on Geophysical Research in the Netherlands Through Case Studies Using Excavation Data
Authors: Beenen Gerbrand , Orbons Joep
Published: August 2021

– Revisiting geophysical results post-excavation can lead to additional information.– Giving geophysicists feedback on their interpretations can lead to valuable insights.
New Insights into a Romanesque Basilica Church in the Deserted Town of Corvey, Germany, Based on a High-Resolution GPR Survey
Authors: Coolen Joris , Wallner Mario , Trausmuth Tanja , König Andreas
Published: August 2021

– High-resolution GPR and magnetometry offer new insights into medieval Corvey.– GPR survey allows for detailed reconstruction of Late Romanesque church.– So-called Market Church possibly among oldest vaulted churches in Westphalia.
Multidisciplinary Investigation of the Pit Circuit at Durrington Walls, UK
Authors: Gaffney Chris , Gaffney Vincent , Baldwin Eamonn , Bates Martin , Bates Richard , Kinnaird Tim , Sparrow Tom , Lockyear Klaus , Neubauer Wolfgang , Trinks Immo , Wallner Mario
Published: August 2021

– Comprehensive geophysical assessment of huge pits; ERT, GPR, mag and EM.– Novel approach to testing and interpreting pits via coring.– Largest pit circuit confirmed in both the Stonehenge landscape and the UK.
The Ecstasy of Gold: Magnetometer Prospection for the Ushkiani Project in Armenia
Authors: Hahn Sandra , Parsi Mandana , Fassbinder Jörg W. E. , Bobokhyan Arsen , Kunze René
Published: August 2021

– Magnetometer prospection of a Bronze Age burial ground in Armenia.– Natural remanent magnetisation is the chief cause of anomalies.– Prehistoric gold mining near Sotk.
The Rich and the Hard-Working: Roman Villae Near Lake Attersee, Austria
Authors: Löcker Klaus , Totschnig Ralf , Schiel Hannes , Hinterleitner Alois , Traxler Stefan , Stollnberger Astrid , Lang Felix , Verhoeven Geert , Torrejón Valdelomar Juan
Published: August 2021

– Large-area high-resolution magnetic and GPR surveys of whole Roman villa sites in Noricum, where no such settlements have been excavated in total so far.– Using image fusion to combine magnetometry and GPR data from low contrast soils to optimise data quality.
Vanishing Ancient Landscape: Challenges of Surveying Roman Remains in Teskera and Hardomilje (Ljubuški, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Authors: Pisz Michał Sebastian , Dziurdzik Tomasz
Published: August 2021

– Scattered settlement in the territory of the Roman colony of Narona in the Teskera and Hardomilje microregion (Bosnia and Herzegovina).– Magnetic and earth resistance survey detects poorly preserved Roman remains.– Impact of agriculture on the destruction of ancient landscape.
Localizing the Historically Documented Saxon Castle Hocseburg, Middle Germany – An Integrated Case Study
Authors: Schweitzer Christian , Schwarz Ralf
Published: August 2021

– Localization of the early medieval Saxon castle Hocseburg documented in written sources.– New insight in the early medieval development of the town Seehausen, Middle Germany.
All Round: Workflow for the Identification of Neolithic Enclosure Sites of the Sopot Culture in Eastern Slavonia (Croatia)
Authors: Šošić-Klindžić Rajna , Meyer Cornelius , Milo Peter , Tencer Tomas , Kalafatić Hrvoje , Šiljeg Bartul
Published: August 2021

– Several Sopot culture enclosure sites were identified.– Conclusions regarding spatial and temporal settlement dynamics were made based on the data.
Large-Scale Ground-Penetrating Radar Surveys of the Iron Age Site of Bodøsjøen, Northern Norway
Authors: Stamnes Arne Anderson , Kiersnowski Krzystof
Published: August 2021

– GPR survey at Bodøsjøen reveals a significantburialand settlementIron/VikingAge site.– Study based on a large-scale GPR survey combined with archival maps and aerial photos.
GPR Mural Study of the Commandery of Jalès (France)
Authors: Benech Christophe , Vitale Quentin , d’Agostino Laurent , Parfant Côme
Published: August 2021

– Use of high resolution GPR mapping for the study of masonry walls.– Delineation of underlying the main characteristics of the wall.– Evaluate the different steps of renovation and/or partial reconstruction of the wall.
An Integrated Approach for Ground and Drone-Borne Magnetic Surveys and their Interpretation in Archaeological Prospection
Authors: Gavazzi Bruno , Reiller Hugo , Munschy Marc
Published: August 2021

– Availability of fast and precise ground and drone-borne magnetic surveys.– Extraction of information on the sources through potential field transforms.