bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IgM to IgG Class Switching Is a Necessary Step for Pemphigus Phenotype Induction in Desmoglein 3–Specific B Cell Receptor Knock-in Mouse
Authors: Nomura Hisashi , Wada Naoko , Takahashi Hayato , Kase Yuko , Yamagami Jun , Egami Shohei , Iriki Hisato , Mukai Miho , Kamata Aki , Ito Hiromi , Fujii Hideki , Ishikura Tomoyuki , Koseki Haruhiko , Watanabe Takashi , Yamada Taketo , Ohara Osamu , Koyasu Shigeo , Amagai Masayuki
Published: January 2022

Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune blistering disease caused by IgG targeting desmoglein 3 (Dsg3), an adhesion molecule of keratinocytes. Anti-Dsg3 IgG production is prevented in healthy individuals, but it is unclear how Dsg3-specific B cells are regulated. To clarify the immunological condition regulating Dsg3-specific B cells, a pathogenic anti-Dsg3 Ig (AK23) knock-in mouse was generated. AK23 knock-in B cells developed normally without undergoing deletion or acquiring an anergic phenotype in vivo. The knock-in B cells showed Ca2+ influx upon IgM cross-linking and differentiated into AK23-IgG+ B cells after LPS and IL-4 stimulation in vitro that induced a pemphigus phenotype after adoptive transfer into Rag2−/− mice. However, the knock-in mouse itself produced AK23-IgM but little IgG without blisters in vivo. Dsg3 immunization and skin inflammation caused AK23-IgG production and a pemphigus phenotype in vivo. Furthermore, Fcgr2b deficiency or haploinsufficiency spontaneously induced AK23-IgG production and a pemphigus phenotype with poor survival rates in AK23 knock-in mice. To assess Fcgr2b involvement in Ig class-switch efficiency, postswitch transcripts of B cells were quantified and significantly higher in Fcgr2b−/− and Fcgr2b+/− mice than wild-type mice in a gene dose-dependent manner. Finally, RNA sequencing revealed reduced expression of FCGR2B and FcγRIIB-related genes in patient B cells. These results indicated that Dsg3-specific B cells do not spontaneously perform pathogenic class switching in vivo, and pemphigus phenotype induction was prevented under normal conditions. Attenuated FcγRIIB signaling is also one of the drivers for pathogenic class switching and is consistent with immunological features identified from clinical samples. This study unveiled a characteristic immune state silencing autoreactive B cells in mice.
Comparison of the efficacy of bone morphogenetic protein-4 on in vitro differentiation of murine adipose and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into primordial germ cells
Authors: Shirzeyli Maryam Hosseinzadeh , Tayyebiazar Ali , Aliakbari Fereshteh , Ghasemi Fahimeh , Eini Fatemeh , Shirzeyli Farhad Hosseinzadeh , Vanaki Elmira , Sobhani Aligholi
Published: January 2022

Background and purpose:

In vitro development of functional gametes from pluripotent stem cells is a promising prospect to treat infertility. Mesenchymal stem cells with a high degree of plasticity and less tumorigenicity are a reliable source of stem cells for the generation of gametes. The present study aimed to compare the differentiation potential in the mesenchymal stem cells that are derived from bone marrow (BMDMSCs) and adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) into germ cells in a culture medium containing bone morphogenic protein-4 (BMP-4).

Experimental approach:

In this study, MSCs were isolated from both bone marrow and adipose tissue of murine samples. To further verify the nature of the harvested stem cells, their multipotency and surface marker were examined. The identified stem cells were cultured in a medium supplemented with 0 and 25 ng/mL of BMP-4 for 4 days. Flow cytometry analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and real RT-PCR were used to assess the expression levels in germ cell-specific biomarkers (Mvh, Dazl, Stra8, and Scp3).

Findings/Results:

CD44+, CD45-, CD31-, BMD-MSCs, and AD-MSCs showed to be capable of differentiating to osteo-adipogenic lineages. The flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR results indicated that early germ cell markers (Mvh and Dazl) were expressed in both types of cells but they were significantly higher in BMD-MSCs than AD-MSCs.

Conclusion and implications:

Based on our results, the addition of exogenous BMP4 to the culture medium could differentiate BMD-MSCs and AD-MSCs into primordial germ cells, but it is inadequate to further develop into late germ cells in vitro. Moreover, the results revealed that, although AD-MSCs were easier to collect and had faster growth and proliferation rates than BMD-MSCs, the BMD-MSCs were better capable of differentiation into primordial germ cells. They may serve to be considered a more suitable source of MSC for in vitro generation of gametes than AD-MSCs.
PPARγ2 functions as a tumor suppressor in a translational mouse model of human prostate cancer
Authors: Dong Fu-Lu , Liu Dong-Mei , Lu Ting-Ting , Li Feng , Zhang Chong , Qun E , Zhang Yong-Hui
Published: January 2022

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ (PPARγ) is a master regulator that controls energy metabolism and cell fate. PPARγ2, a PPARγ isoform, is highly expressed in the normal prostate but expressed at lower levels in prostate cancer tissues. In the present study, PC3 and LNCaP cells were used to examine the benefits of restoring PPARγ2 activity. PPARγ2 was overexpressed in PC3 and LNCaP cells, and cell proliferation and migration were detected. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to detect pathological changes. The genes regulated by PPARγ2 overexpression were detected by microarray analysis. The restoration of PPARγ2 in PC3 and LNCaP cells inhibited cell proliferation and migration. PC3-PPARγ2 tissue recombinants showed necrosis in cancerous regions and leukocyte infiltration in the surrounding stroma by H&E staining. We found higher mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) and lower microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) expression in cancer tissues compared to controls by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Microarray analysis showed that PPARγ2 gain of function in PC3 cells resulted in the reprogramming of lipid- and energy metabolism-associated signaling pathways. These data indicate that PPARγ2 exerts a crucial tumor-suppressive effect by triggering necrosis and an inflammatory reaction in human prostate cancer.
Investigation of the genetic etiology in male infertility with apparently balanced chromosomal structural rearrangements by genome sequencing
Authors: Chau Matthew Hoi Kin , Li Ying , Dai Peng , Shi Mengmeng , Zhu Xiaofan , Wah Chung Jacqueline Pui , Kwok Yvonne K , Choy Kwong Wai , Kong Xiangdong , Dong Zirui
Published: January 2022

Apparently balanced chromosomal structural rearrangements are known to cause male infertility and account for approximately 1% of azoospermia or severe oligospermia. However, the underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis and etiologies are still largely unknown. Herein, we investigated apparently balanced interchromosomal structural rearrangements in six cases with azoospermia/severe oligospermia to comprehensively identify and delineate cryptic structural rearrangements and the related copy number variants. In addition, high read-depth genome sequencing (GS) (30-fold) was performed to investigate point mutations causative of male infertility. Mate-pair GS (4-fold) revealed additional structural rearrangements and/or copy number changes in 5 of 6 cases and detected a total of 48 rearrangements. Overall, the breakpoints caused truncations of 30 RefSeq genes, five of which were associated with spermatogenesis. Furthermore, the breakpoints disrupted 43 topological-associated domains. Direct disruptions or potential dysregulations of genes, which play potential roles in male germ cell development, apoptosis, and spermatogenesis, were found in all cases (n = 6). In addition, high read-depth GS detected dual molecular findings in case MI6, involving a complex rearrangement and two point mutations in the gene DNAH1. Overall, our study provided the molecular characteristics of apparently balanced interchromosomal structural rearrangements in patients with male infertility. We demonstrated the complexity of chromosomal structural rearrangements, potential gene disruptions/dysregulation and single-gene mutations could be the contributing mechanisms underlie male infertility.
Levels of L-carnitine in human seminal plasma are associated with sperm fatty acid composition
Authors: Iliceto Mario , Stensen Mette Haug , Andersen Jorunn M , Haugen Trine B , Witczak Oliwia
Published: January 2022

The fatty acid composition of spermatozoa has been shown to be important for their function, and L-carnitine is crucial for fatty acid metabolism. Its levels in the seminal plasma positively correlate with semen quality, whereas high body mass index (BMI) is associated with both reduced semen quality and altered sperm fatty acid composition. Here, we examined the associations between free seminal L-carnitine levels and sperm fatty acid composition as well as BMI. Semen samples were collected and analyzed from 128 men with unknown fertility status and with BMI ranging from 19 kg m−2 to 63 kg m−2. Sperm fatty acid composition was assessed by gas chromatography, while free seminal L-carnitine analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Multiple linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation of free seminal L-carnitine levels with the amount of sperm palmitic acid (β = 0.21; P = 0.014), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; β = 0.23; P = 0.007), and total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (β = 0.23; P = 0.008) and a negative correlation of free seminal L-carnitine levels with lignoceric acid (β = −0.29; P = 0.001) and total n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (β = −0.24; P = 0.012) when adjusted for covariates. There was no relationship between free seminal L-carnitine levels and BMI. Since free seminal L-carnitine levels are associated with semen quality, the absence of a correlation with BMI suggests that reduced semen quality in obese men is independent of seminal L-carnitine.
Assessment of Hypoxia and Physiological Stress Evinced by Usage of N95 Masks among Frontline Dental Healthcare Workers in a Humid Western Coastal Region of India-A Repeated Measure Observational Study
Authors: Manerkar Harsh U. , Nagarsekar Aradhana , Gaunkar Ridhima B. , Dhupar Vikas , Khorate Manisha
Published: January 2022

Aim:

To assess the oxygen saturation in DHCWs using N95 and 3 ply surgical masks and determine the presence of any other subjective discomfort in them.

Settings and Design:

A repeated measure observational study conducted at the Tertiary Care Dental Institute situated in Goa, a western coastal region of India recording humid conditions year around.

Methods and Material:

Participants constituted 60 frontline DHCWs wearing N95 masks and 60 DHCWs working in non-clinical setting wearing surgical masks. After completion of a self-administered questionnaire their oxygen saturation and pulse rate were monitored at baseline, 60mins and 120mins using pulse oximetry. Statistical Analysis: Mann Whitney u test compared oxygen saturation between the two groups. Friedmann and Wilcoxon signed rank test with Bonferroni correction computed differences within group at various time intervals. Binary logistic and linear regression was used to compare the study variables with outcome measure. p value was set at < 0.05.

Results and Conclusion:

Oxygen saturation reported a significant drop post one hour of wearing N95 masks which increased in the second hour. Prolonged use of N95 mask in humid environment adds to the body's physiological burden or perceptions of discomfort and exertion. Efforts need to be taken to address this for better compliance to the use of these protective gears.
Clival Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor: A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Sinha Pallavi , Seth Rachna , Kaur Kavneet , Jana Manisha
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Primary central nervous system atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a highly aggressive, malignant tumor, which occurs in infancy and early childhood. It is a rare tumor with a posterior fossa predilection, arises in the posterior fossa in an off-midline location, and may secondarily involve bones. Optimal treatment for ATRT remains unclear due to paucity of literature. Treatment options include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The prognosis is dismal with low rates of survival. Herein, we describe an unusual site of origin of AT/RT, the clivus. The imaging findings were elusive and definitive diagnosis was made on histopathology.
Spontaneous or Iatrogenic? Postoperative Pseudo Aneurysm in Craniopharyngioma
Authors: Singh Apinderpreet , Randhawa Tejasvi Singh , Gupta Kirti , Ahuja Chirag , Salunke Pravin
Published: January 2022

Caniopharyngiomas pose significant surgical challenge because of their location and close proximity to major neurovascular structures. Early and delayed vascular complications associated with Craniopharyngioma and its surgery have been documented. Various mechanisms have been postulated for the origin of aneurysms in Craniopharyngioma. Though the surgery and minor injuries to the vessel wall might predispose the aneurysm formation, exact mechanism and relation is lacking. We report a case of a psedoaneurysm of the distal ACA AT A2'-A3 junction in a case of cystic Craniopharyngioma who presented with rupture, 2 weeks after primary surgery. Insight into the probable causes of aneurysm formation and its subsequent rupture and management have been described.
Persisting irritability with fever is not always meningitis
Authors: Fathima Haseen , Bhowmick Rohit , Kasinathan Ananth Narayanan , Bhat B Vishnu
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Krabbe disease is a neuro-regressive disorder commonly seen in the infantile age group. The authors report a four-month-old male baby with persisting irritability despite adequately treated for meningitis. The authors wish to highlight the importance of systematic evaluation that leads to the diagnosis of Krabbe disease, which can be challenging in the early infantile age group.
Pediatric posterior fossa dermoid cyst: Diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Diyora Batuk D , Dey Subhashish , Dubey Ashish , Devani Kavin , Patel Mehool , Dhal Gagan
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Dermoid cysts are rare congenital lesions of the brain. They are commonly located in the supratentorial region. Infratentorial dermoid cysts are uncommon. They can occupy cerebellopontine angle, midline posterior fossa, or brain stem. Midline post fossa dermoid cysts can be confused with another common lesion in this location. We describe a case of midline posterior fossa dermoid cyst in a 6-year-female child who presented with signs and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. Magnetic resonance imaging showed posterior fossa lesion which was hypointense on T1-weighted images, hyperintense on T2-weighted images, and not enhancing on intravenous contrast administration. The lesion showed restricted diffusion on diffusion-weighted images. Radiological diagnosis was an epidermoid cyst. However, during surgery, we found hair follicles. Histopathological examination revealed dermoid cyst. The child recovered completely following cyst excision. We present a case of a posterior fossa dermoid cyst mimicking epidermoid cyst.
Review of surgical devices using small aperture optics
Authors: Ang Robert Edward T. , Araneta Michelle Marie Q. , Cruz Emerson M.
Published: January 2022

Small aperture optics work by blocking unfocused peripheral light rays while allowing central light rays to focus on the retina. This pinhole effect creates an extended depth of focus and has been used in presbyopia correction, improving intermediate and near vision without markedly affecting distance vision. Another beneficial effect of small aperture optics is reducing aberrations caused by irregular corneas or irregular pupils. The first small aperture surgical device was the Kamra corneal inlay used on the nondominant eyes of presbyopic emmetropes. The pinhole concept was also adapted into the IC-8 intraocular lens (IOL) for presbyopia correction during cataract surgery and by the XtraFocus piggyback device to lessen unwanted aberrations in eyes with irregular corneas or pupils. The IC-8 IOL can be placed monocularly or binocularly with mini-monovision for further near vision improvement. The XtraFocus piggyback device can be placed either in the sulcus or capsular bag. The aim of this literature review is to synthesize evidence on the efficacy, safety, and patient-reported outcomes on surgical devices utilizing small aperture optics. A comprehensive search on PubMed was conducted with the keywords “small aperture optics,” “small aperture corneal inlay,” “small aperture IOL,” “Kamra corneal inlay,” “IC-8 IOL,” and “XtraFocus.” In this review, we describe the progression of small aperture surgical devices, patient criteria, visual outcomes, complications, satisfaction, and recommendations for surgical success.
Motorcycle Accident Reconstruction
Authors: Rose Nathan
Published: January 2022

Accident reconstruction utilizes principles of physics and empirical data to analyze the physical, electronic, video, audio, and testimonial evidence from a crash, to determine how and why the crash occurred, how the crash could have been avoided, or to determine whose description of the crash is most accurate. This process draws together aspects of mathematics, physics, engineering, materials science, human factors, and psychology, and combines analytical models with empirical test data. Different types of crashes produce different types of evidence and call for different analysis methods. Still, the basic philosophical approach of the reconstructionist is the same from crash type to crash type, as are the physical principles that are brought to bear on the analysis. This book covers a basic approach to accident reconstruction, including the underlying physical principles that are used, then details how this approach and the principles are applied when reconstructing motorcycle crashes. This second edition of Motorcycle Accident Reconstruction presents a thorough, systematic, and scientific overview of the available methods for reconstructing motorcycle crashes. This new edition contains: Additional theoretical models, examples, case studies, and test data. An updated bibliography incorporating the newest studies in the field. Expanded coverage of the braking capabilities of motorcyclists. Updated, refined, and expanded discussion of the decelerations of motorcycles sliding on the ground. A thoroughly rewritten and expanded discussion of motorcycle impacts with passenger vehicles. Updated coefficients of restitution for collisions between motorcycles and cars. A new and expanded discussion of using passenger car EDR data in motorcycle accident reconstruction. A new section covering recently published research on post-collision frozen speedometer readings on motorcycles. A new section on motorcycle interactions with potholes, roadway deterioration, and debris and expanded coverage of motorcycle falls. This second edition of Motorcycle Accident Reconstruction is a must-have title for accident reconstructionists, forensic engineers, and all interested in understanding why and how motorcycle crashes occur.
In memoriam: Professor Malcolm Molyneux (1943- 2021)
Authors: Muula Adamson
Published: January 2022

We, at the Malawi Medical Journal (www.medcol.mmj.mw) were saddened by the demise of Professor Malcolm Molyneux, former Editor-in-Chief (EIC) of our journal on 17th November 2021. Malcolm passed away in the UK where he had been since 2015 after almost three decades of service to Malawi and our journal. The Malawi Medical Journal started off as the Medical Quarterly for which Prof Molyneux was its EIC from 1980 to 1984.
Effects of cardiac rehabilitation treatment modalities in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review
Authors: Namanja Alice , Usman Anas , Odunuga Toyin
Published: January 2022

Purpose Although Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) implementation models recommend delivery of any CR treatment component, Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) constitutes only 17% of globally available CR programs. The aims of this review were to assess the benefits of employing any CR treatment modality in SSA, and evaluate if this approach should be encouraged in this resource-constrained region.MethodologyRecords were identified electronically via CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane library, African journal online, PubMed, Web of science and google scholar, and grey literature was hand-searched. Articles reporting effectiveness of any CR treatment modality were included if participants had any cardiovascular disease and if the study was conducted in SSA. Quality assessment for each enrolled study was done using Downs and Black (1998) checklist and data was extracted using a modified standard tool.ResultsSearches identified 1666 records, 24 full text articles were examined and 10 were included for the review; 60%, 30% and 10% of the enrolled studies were done in South Africa, Nigeria and Benin respectively. The studies implemented exercise, psychosocial and education treatment modalities of CR, and the approach of delivery was either comprehensive or modified. Comprehensive CR and delivery of combined aerobic and resistance exercises improved physical (13%, p=0.001), social (40%, p=0.001) and mental aspects of quality of life and reduced anxiety (-12%, p<0.05) and depression (-6%, p<0.001) respectively. Comprehensive CR and aerobic training both reduced systolic blood pressure (range of mean reduction [RMR] -6 to -14mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (RMR -4 to -6mmHg) and resting heart rate (RMR -7 to -17bpm). Overall, all types of exercises showed a 1-5ml.kg-1.min-1 increase in peak oxygen consumption.ConclusionThe findings support delivery of exercise treatment modality and comprehensive delivery of CR in SSA. However, efficacy of independent implementation of education and psychosocial therapeutic components of CR remains unclear; hence the need for further investigations
Striking A Balance Between Prevention Of COVID-19 And The Promotion Of Child And Adolescent Mental Health: A Case Study Of Long Closure Of Schools In Malawi
Authors: Makiyi Precious
Published: January 2022

The Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has necessitated the long closure of academic institutions in most countries including Malawi. By the first week of April 2020, 188 countries had closed down their schools, affecting over 1.5 billion young people1. As a way of curbing the spread of the pandemic, the Malawian president ordered an immediate closure of schools on 23rd March, 2020, affecting 5.3 million school-going children2. Schools remained closed up to August, 2020. This may have negative implications on the mental health of school-going children, adolescents and the country’s economy.
Adolescent pregnancy outcomes at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Malawi: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chaura Tamara , Mategula Donnie , Gadama Luis Aaron
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Malawi has a growing population with a high Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of 439 per 100,000 live births to which adolescents contribute 25%. Current data suggests adolescent pregnancies in low resource settings are at an increased risk of both maternal and neonatal morbidity. Objectives This study assessed the pregnancy outcomes amongst adolescents while using women from the early adulthood (20 - 24-year-old) and advanced maternal age (35 years old and above) groups as reference.Methods This was a cross-sectional study, carried out at the Chatinkha maternity (labour) and post-natal wards at QECH, and included all adolescents (10 – 19 years old) and women between 20 - 24 years old (early adulthood) and 35 years old or older (advanced maternal age), presenting in labor, at any gestational age ≥ 28 weeks or with a birth weight of 1000 grams or above. Results The study found the prevalence of adolescent pregnancy to be 20.4% (N=5035) out of all the deliveries during the recruitment period. Sexually transmitted infections were proportionally higher in the adolescent group, with 12% testing HIV seroreactive and 10% syphilis seroreactive. Neonatal outcomes of birth asphyxia (3.5%), low birth weight (5%), prematurity (4.3%) and early neonatal death (4.3%) were not statistically different from the outcomes of the older age groups. The major causes of maternal morbidity were determined to be a high caesarean section rate of 31.9% and intrapartum diagnosis of urinary tract infection (7.4%), malaria (7.4%) and hypertensive disorders (14.5%). Conclusions Adolescents are a significant proportion of the pregnant population in Malawi. These adolescents are at increased risk of some pregnancy and peripartum complications when compared to women of older age groups. However, our study determined that these outcomes appear to be more likely related to the peripartum care received and not solely specific to maternal age.
Determinants of prelacteal feeding practice in Uganda; a population based cross-sectional study using Uganda demographic and health survey data
Authors: Isa Koire Ibrahim , Acikgoz Ayla , Gunay Turkan
Published: January 2022

BackgroundBreastfeeding has well-established short-term and long-term health benefits for both the mother and infant. Initiating breastfeeding immediately after birth stimulates breast milk production. Prelacteal feeding (PLF) may result in late initiation of breastfeeding, and thus insufficient production of breast milk. This study aimed to identify the determinants of PLF among children under five years in Uganda. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted using the data from the database of Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2011. The data of 4,774 children/mothers were evaluated in this study.ResultsThe prevalence of PLF was 40.3%. The rate of PLF practice was found to be 2.15 times higher in women with moderate economic status and 2.02 times higher in women with high economic status compared to those who have low economic status. The rate of PLF practice was found to be 1.73 times higher in newborns delivered by an unskilled birth attendant and 4.35 times higher in newborns delivered with no birth attendant compared to those infants delivered by a skilled birth attendant. The ratio of PLF practice was found to be 2.49 times higher in multiple births. Mothers who initiated breastfeeding in the first 24 hours after birth had higher odds of PLF. No relationship was found between PLF practice with somesociodemographic characteristics of mother’s (age, marital status, educational status, religion, residential location), maternal factors (number of children, antenatal and postnatal care attendance, place of delivery), and characteristics of the newborn infants (sex, type of delivery, birth order number) in the multivariate logistic regression analysis.ConclusionsAll mothers should be informed about the importance of initiation of breastfeeding immediately after delivery, the risks associated with PLF, the optimal practices for breastfeeding, and the presence of a skilled birth attendant at delivery.
D-dimer/Fibrinogen ratio and recurrent exacerbations might have a potential impact to predict 90-day mortality in patients with COPD exacerbation
Authors: Aydin Cihan , Yıldız Birsen Pınar , Hattatoğlu Didem Görgün
Published: January 2022

BackgroundAccording to the World Health Organisation reports (WHO), COPD is the third leading cause of overall in the World by 2020. AimWe aimed to determine the prognostic predictors of 90-day mortality after an initial exacerbation in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). Results Increased Charlson Comorbidity Score(CCS) (HR:1.47; p<0.05), readmission after initial exacerbation (HR:1.47; p<0.05) were predictive risk factors for 30-day mortality in multivariable regression model. The 90-day mortality rate was %11.8. Hypertension, increased median age, nutrition risk score (NRS), CCS, CAT score, and mMRC 4th level were possible risk factors for 90-day mortality. There was a significant difference in the mortality of patients with D-dimer/Fibrinogen ratios>0.11 and ≤0.11 (HR:2.47; p<0.05). Recurrent exacerbations after discharge were predictive risk factors for 90-day mortality in the multivariable regression model (HR:2.25; p<0.001) with the increased mortality risk 4.73 times (HR:4.73; p=0.002). Furthermore, a 1-unit increment of acute exacerbation increased the mortality risk 3.39 times (HR:3.39; p<0.001). ConclusionOur study showed that D-dimer/Fibrinogen ratio but not D-dimer and recurrent exacerbations after discharge might have a critical impact on 90-day mortality
‘For the trees have no tongues’: eco-feedback, speech, and the silencing of nature
Authors: Harvey Matt , Vanderheiden Steve
Published: January 2022

When Christopher Stone argued for the extension of legal standing to natural objects, he proposed a guardianship model for representing the rights or interests of nonhuman nature. This approach requires that natural objects or systems be able to intelligibly communicate information regarding needs associated with their continued sustainable flourishing. Drawing upon both ‘law beyond the human’ approaches to legal theory and New Materialist theories about nonhuman subjectivity, we conceive of this mode of communication as a political speech act, albeit one that must be interpreted through eco-feedback collected in the study of natural systems rather than directly transmitted from speaker to listener. We then apply this conception of communication to human rights contexts in which efforts to distort or to otherwise manipulate this eco-feedback could be construed as an anti-democratic interference in speech rights, arguing for the extension of such rights to protect against such interference.
Science paysagère au service de l'observatoire scientifique Sociétés-Milieux en appui à la gestion territoriale
Authors: Loireau Maud , Fargette Mireille
Published: January 2022

Pour mener son action face à une problématique de société, le gestionnaire de territoire doit s’appuyer sur des informations pertinentes dans le temps et l’espace. Les observatoires selon le modèle OSAGE – Observatoire Scientifique en Appui à la GEstion territoriale s'intéressent tout particulièrement aux relations Sociétés-Milieux et peuvent seconder le gestionnaire. Ce travail montre en quoi la méthode OSYPCA d’analyse paysagère et le cadre formel sur lequel elle s’appuie informent sur le milieu et la relation société-milieu et sont utiles aux trois piliers d'un observatoire OSAGE : exigence scientifique, continuité temporelle et ancrage territorial. L’analyse d’une expérience de terrain sur l’île de La Réunion illustre son potentiel à produire une information pertinente même si la connaissance préalable est réduite, à appréhender les dynamiques spatio-temporelles, sans nécessité d’investissements lourds et enfin à mettre en dialogue les disciplines scientifiques entre elles mais aussi les scientifiques avec les acteurs du territoire.
Three-dimensional Motion Skeleton Reconstruction Algorithm for Gymnastic Dancing Movements
Authors: Fan Wenxian , Zou Yebing
Published: January 2022

Aiming at the problem of inaccurate matching results in the traditional three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm of gymnastic skeleton, a three-dimensional motion skeleton reconstruction algorithm of gymnastic dance action is proposed. Taking the center of gravity of the human body as the origin, the position of other nodes in the camera coordinate system relative to the center point of the human skeleton model is calculated, and the human skeleton data collection is completed through action division and posture feature calculation. Polynomial density is introduced into the integration of convolution surface, and the human body model of convolution surface is established according to convolution surface. By using the method of binary parameter matching, the accuracy of the matching results is improved, and the three-dimensional skeleton of gymnastic dance movement is reconstructed. The experimental results show that the fitting degree between the proposed method and the actual reconstruction result is 99.8%, and the reconstruction result of this algorithm has high accuracy.
Stability Control Method of Hybrid Impulsive System Based on M-Matrix
Authors: Tong Yunxu , Li Guihua
Published: January 2022

Aiming at the problems of poor control effect and poor stability of the mixed pulse system with the traditional method, this paper introduces the M-matrix to establish the pulse delay differential indefinite formula and realize stability control of the mixed pulse system. The synchronization problem of mixed-pulse systems in complex networks is analyzed using M matrix. The local coupling strength of the impulsive system is controlled according to the adaptive method. A class of Multi-Lyapunov functions is constructed for stability control of hybrid impulsive systems. The proposed method is proved to have better control effect through experiments.
Automatic Control System of Vacuum Nano Coating Based on AVR Single Chip Microcomputer
Authors: Li Jinwen , Zhang Jie
Published: January 2022

Aiming at the problems of long response time and poor anti-interference ability of traditional vacuum nano-coating automatic control system, a design of vacuum nano-coating automatic control system based on AVR single-chip microcomputer is proposed. The use of ATmega128L microcontroller and Harvard architecture improves the parallel processing efficiency of the microcontroller. Select the transient voltage suppression diode to protect the power supply of the single-chip microcomputer, optimize the communication circuit, connect an external encryptor to realize the data encryption function, increase the filtering program and optimize the binary code processing function. Using PID (Packet Identifier) control algorithm, the design of nano-coating vacuum automatic control system based on AVR single-chip microcomputer is realized. Compared with the traditional system, when the simulation model and system parameters of the control system constructed in the environment change, the proposed system can be stabilized within 15 seconds, and can be stabilized for 13 seconds after the interference signal is added. The response time of the system is longer. Shorter, stronger anti-interference ability, more suitable for automatic control of vacuum nano-coating.
Optimal Path Analysis for Solving Nonlinear Equations with Finite Local Error
Authors: Ma Xiaoxiao , Chen Xiaojuan
Published: January 2022

Because the traditional method of solving nonlinear equations takes a long time, an optimal path analysis method for solving nonlinear equations with limited local error is designed. Firstly, according to the finite condition of local error, the optimization objective function of nonlinear equations is established. Secondly, set the constraints of the objective function, solve the optimal solution of the nonlinear equation under the condition of limited local error, and obtain the optimal path of the nonlinear equation system. Finally, experiments show that the optimal path analysis method for solving nonlinear equations with limited local error takes less time than other methods, and can be effectively applied to practice
Pedestrian Reidentification Based on Feature Fusion and Metric Learning
Authors: Luo Hongbin
Published: January 2022

The pedestrian recognition in public environment is influenced by the pedestrian environment and the dynamic characteristic boundary factors, so it is easy to produce the tracking error. In order to improve the ability of pedestrian re-identification in public environment, we need to carry out feature fusion and metric learning, and propose pedestrian re-identification based on feature fusion and metric learning. The geometric grid area model of pedestrian recognition in public environment is constructed, the method of fuzzy dynamic feature segmentation is used to reconstruct the dynamic boundary feature point of pedestrian recognition in public environment, the method of bottom-up modeling is used to design the dynamic area grid model of pedestrian recognition in public environment, the design of dynamic area grid model is three-dimensional grid area, the grayscale pixel set of pedestrian recognition dynamic constraint under public environment is extracted, the boundary feature fusion is carried out according to the distribution intensity of grayscale, the image fusion and enhancement information processing of pedestrian recognition under public environment, and the method of 3D dynamic constraint is used to realize the local motion planning of pedestrian recognition under public environment, and the recognition feature fusion and learning of pedestrian recognition under public environment is realized according to the result of contour segmentation. The simulation results show that the method is used for pedestrian recognition again in public environment, and the fuzzy judgment ability of pedestrian dynamic edge features is strong, which makes the error controlled below 10 mm, and the fluctuation of pedestrian recognition again is more stable, the recognition accuracy is higher and the robustness is better.
BIM Engineering Cost Budgeting Method based on Social Network Analysis Method
Authors: Fan Guohui , Guo Chen
Published: January 2022

Engineering cost budgeting is crucial to the healthy development of the engineering and construction industry. To solve the problem of large deviations in budget results from using traditional methods of cost budgeting based on evaluation results or drawing conversions, the BIM engineering cost budgeting method based on social network analysis method is studied in this paper. On the basis of analyzing cost budgeting requirements and determining modeling economic criteria, the social network analysis method is used to analyze the project cost risks. According to the project quantity list, professional BIM software is used to budget the project cost. Case verification proves the feasibility of this budgeting method as the budget deviation is reduced by about 78% compared with the traditional method. The result of the paper has a more ideal practical application effect and positive significance for optimizing the traditional cost budgeting methods
Construction Method of Enterprise-level Database Operational Measurement Platform Based on Bidirectional Coupling Algorithm
Authors: Xia Hongwen
Published: January 2022

When identifying the enterprise database data information, the enterprise database operational dimension measurement platform based on the bilinear method will produce ringing or overshoot effect, the database data monitoring effect is poor as well as the accuracy of operation measurement. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a method to build an enterprise level database operation and maintenance measurement platform based on bidirectional coupling algorithm. Build enterprise database operation measurement platform. The enterprise database monitoring platform is connected with the monitoring database by remote database chain. The Oracle database job scheduling method is used to obtain the monitoring index information in the monitored database, and the database memory performance is comprehensively evaluated by MPI (Memory Perform Index). The platform uses semantic capture layer and related analysis layer to distinguish user behavior, analyze user experience satisfaction, and realize the operation measurement of enterprise level database. The experimental results show that the operational measurement platform built by this method has high throughput, low memory occupancy rate, high measurement accuracy and good user experience.
Utilizing MIKE 21 Software to Create Simple Hydrodynamic Simulations
Authors: Subiyanto Subiyanto , Supian Sudradjat
Published: January 2022

This paper aim to create simple hydrodynamic simulation by using MIKE 21. The module used in MIKE 21 is LITPACK. LITPACK is one of the modules in MIKE 21 to solve hydraulic and sedimentation problems in coastal areas. Especially in this paper, the LITTLITE engine in LITPACK will be used. LITLINE determines the coastline position using a timeseries of wave climatic data. The model is based on a one-line theory, in which the cross-shore profile is expected to remain unaltered during erosion/accretion, with minor adjustments. Coastal morphology is thus only defined by coastline location (cross-shore direction) and coastal profile at a given long-shore position. The simulation used in this paper is the influence of groins on shoreline dynamics. The results of the simulation show that some areas will experience abrasion and some will experience accretion.
Efforts to Improve MSME Commodity Marketing in Tasikmalaya Regency during the Covid-19 Pandemic through Training and Mentoring Programs
Authors: Setiawan Mohamad Arief , Kalfin Kalfin , Setiawan Perdi
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a very bad impact and decreased income in the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector. An effort is needed that can increase the marketing of MSME products that are in accordance with consumer conditions. There are still many MSME actors who market their products in stores and in the market which are not in accordance with the conditions in the field. Continuous training and assistance are needed in introducing a marketing system that is in accordance with the conditions of the times. One of them is marketing using online media. Based on these circumstances, this study aims to determine efforts to increase the marketing of MSME commodities in Tasikmalaya Regency during the Covid-19 pandemic through training and mentoring programs. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The data used were obtained from interviews with the help of a questionnaire given to MSME actors. Based on the results obtained, the use of online media in marketing MSME products was 19%. From the results of the analysis, it is found that the level of ability to use digital technology is 26%, which means that there are still many MSME actors who do not understand using digital technology, especially in creating online stores. Therefore, continuous training and assistance are needed in improving the understanding of MSME actors and keeping up with the times.
Olhares entrecruzados
Authors: Guaraldo Tamara de Souza Brandão , Melo Daniele Mendes de , Santos Celia Retz Godoy dos , Ugaya Andresa de Souza
Published: January 2022

O estudo relata uma pesquisa-ação realizada na cidade de Bauru/SP com os agentes da rede de atendimento às mulheres em situação de violência doméstica e familiar. Com a finalidade de levantar as dificuldades nos serviços prestados a partir de um processo dialógico, a pesquisa propiciou a produção de conhecimento voltada ao aperfeiçoamento dos serviços e a reflexão de seus atores. Os resultados dos diversos olhares dos agentes da rede de atendimento às mulheres favorecem a capacitação recíproca e uma perspectiva de mudança coletiva.
“Criança viada, travesti da lambada”
Authors: Santos Rafael França Gonçalves dos , Silva Natanael de Freitas
Published: January 2022

Neste artigo apresentamos algumas problematizações sobre a noção de criança viada a partir da exposição “Queermuseu: cartografias da diferença na arte brasileira”, promovida pelo Santander Cultural em Porto Alegre, e censurada em setembro de 2017, após alguns meses em cartaz. Para compreender o contexto histórico e político de tal exposição, recorremos a uma explicação sobre o significado da expressão queer e algumas possibilidades de seu uso, mesmo no contexto brasileiro, seja como conceito e área de estudos acadêmicos, ou como expressão usada para se referir às posições de identidade que questionam a heteronormatividade. Optamos por destacar duas obras apresentadas nessa exposição que permitem uma reflexão sobre o potencial crítico da produção artística e seu caráter histórico. Essa abordagem, bem como a escolha do tema, se deram em função da pertinência da discussão em um contexto de produção de pânicos morais associados à diversidade sexual e de gênero, particularmente quando relacionadas a uma etapa do curso de vida ainda pouco pensada criticamente: a infância.
Contra o Racismo, Sexismo e pelo Bem-Viver!
Authors: Assis Dayane Nayara Conceição de
Published: January 2022

O presente trabalho pretende apresentar algumas notas introdutórias sobre o conceito de Bem Viver, bem como estabelecer as possíveis conexões existentes com aquilo que tem sido produzido pelas mulheres negras e indígenas no Brasil. Partindo da experiencia da Marcha de Mulheres Negras e a Marcha das Mulheres Indígenas em 2015 a ampliação do uso do conceito cinco anos depois é inegável, e chama a atenção para aquelas pessoas que pretendem produzir conhecimento acadêmico a esse respeito. Dialogando com a literatura latino americana sobre Bem Viver, a escrita das feministas comunitárias; e as reivindicações das mulheres contra hegemônicas brasileiras; pretendo instigar as pessoas leitoras desse trabalho a pensarem para além de uma hipótese utópica a construção do Bem Viver como uma proposta em curso e que já não pode ser interrompida.
Desafios para uma abordagem efetivamente multimodal dos gêneros discursivos em livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa
Authors: Oliveira Peterson José de
Published: January 2022

As transformações dos livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa ao longo do século XX podem ser percebidas na abundância em termos de número e qualidade de informação visual que passaram a apresentar. Diferentemente das antigas cartilhas, que contavam praticamente só com ilustrações – quando muito, hoje, a modernização das técnicas de impressão e seu barateamento possibilitam aos autores e leitores ter lições não apenas ilustradas, mas utilizando várias outras formas de comunicação: visual, musical e digital. Entretanto, no que tange à exploração sistemática e aprofundada de diferentes semioses – especificamente a visual –, notamos que os livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa ainda se ressentem de um tratamento insuficiente ou mesmo equivocado do aspecto visual dos gêneros ali trabalhados. Esse artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa bibliográfica que tentou entender como duas coleções didáticas de Língua Portuguesa, utilizadas na cidade mineira de Uberlândia em 2018, exploraram o material visual na abordagem dos gêneros multimodais. Contamos em nossas reflexões com as noções de linguagem e sintaxe visual de Dondis (2013), do conceito de visual em Kress (2006), de análise linguística de Mendonça (2013), de multimodalidade em Rodrigues (2005), Moura e Rojo (2013), entre outros, e de história do ensino de Português em Bunzen (2011) e Soares (2004). Nesse trabalho tentamos entender quais foram os gêneros multimodais mais usados nas coleções analisadas, e como os autores relacionaram a semiose do visual com o verbal. Enfatizamos nas análises a importância da ilustração nas obras, ainda que não ocupe, em nossa opinião, um lugar nobre. Também analisamos tirinhas e anúncios publicitários que, junto com as ilustrações, compõem os principais elementos visuais das obras examinadas. Nossas observações nos levaram a uma conclusão preocupante: pelo menos nessas coleções, há um trabalho importante a ser feito para o efetivo tratamento da multimodalidade nos livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa. A multimodalidade dos gêneros, em muitas atividades dos livros, é tratada como algo acessório à construção do sentido e, em alguns casos, sequer é mencionada.
Melancolia urbana
Authors: Menezes Marcos Antonio de
Published: January 2022

No final de 2020, a Editora 34 lançou O spleen de Paris, que reúne anedotas, reflexões e epifanias (pequenos poemas em prosa) do francês Charles Baudelaire (1821-1866). O volume conta com tradução primorosa de Samuel Titan Junior e texto de apresentação do escritor e cineasta argentino Edgardo Cozarinsky. Esta obra, do poeta maldito, já recebeu mais de dez edições no Brasil ― a primeira em 1937 ― e com certeza outras virão, mas esta tem todo um charme especial, a começar pela capa que traz o autorretrato de Baudelaire. Petits poèmes en prose (Le spleen de Paris) apareceu pela primeira vez, como edição póstuma, no quarto volume das Obras completas (1869) do poeta, organizadas por Théodore de Banville (1823-1891) e Charles Asselineau (1820-874) e editadas pela Gallimard.
Editorial
Authors: Albuquerque: revista de história Editores de
Published: January 2022

Editorial de albuquerque: revista de história, v. 13, n. 26, jul./dez. 2021.