bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Housing Market Value Chain: An Integrated Approach for Mitigating Risk in Informal Residential Construction in Haiti
Authors: Burlotos Christianos , Kijewski-Correa Tracy L. , Taflanidis Alexandros A.
Published: September 2020

Access to dignified housing represents a critical challenge for many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Technical and economic constraints frequently lead homeowners in these countries toward incrementally-constructed homes, which are often proven deadly when exposed to seismic or meteorological hazards. This paper offers a holistic analysis of the informal residential construction industry contextualized in Léogâne, Haiti, the effective epicenter of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, and offers an implementation framework geared towards integrating the housing delivery process to accommodate more resilient typologies. First, the concept of the housing ecosystem is introduced, and a thorough analysis of the technical, economic, and political factors that constrain this ecosystem in Haiti is presented. The defining elements of the resulting residential construction industry are then discussed: An informal blend of Design-Build and Master Builder methods of project delivery for incrementally-constructed (and largely masonry) permanent homes. The housing ecosystem is then redefined as a seven-step housing market value chain, and interventions to further strengthen and integrate this value chain are presented for each of the seven steps. Interventions are grounded in analogous contexts and refactored specifically for the Haitian case study scenario through extensive co-creation with stakeholders in Haiti. Particular focus is given to the Léogâne Community Building Fund, a concept designed to democratize housing finance for low to middle-income groups. When implemented in an integrated fashion, risks across this housing market value chain are effectively mitigated to sustainably deliver dignified housing through a market-based approach suitable for Haiti and extensible to other LMICs.
Solid Waste Incineration Modelling for Advanced Moving Grate Incinerators
Authors: Jiang Mingtao , Lai Adrian C. H. , Law Adrian Wing-Keung
Published: September 2020

Currently, the design of advanced moving grate (AMG) incinerators for solid waste is aided by computational simulations. The simulation approach couples a waste bed model to characterize the incineration processes of the waste material on top of the moving grate, with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to reproduce the heated air movement and reactions in the incinerator space above. However, the simulation results of AMG incinerators are rarely compared with actual field measurements for validation in the literature so far. In this study, we first examine the sensitivity of pyrolysis kinetics in the waste bed model using three existing alternatives. The predictions of combustion characteristics, including the bed height, flow and temperature distributions, composition of stack gases and gas emissions are obtained for the three alternatives and compared with measurements from a simple laboratory furnace. The results show that the pyrolysis kinetics mechanism can significantly affect the outputs from the waste bed model for incineration modelling. Subsequently, we propose a new coupling approach based on a recent AMG waste bed model (which includes the complex pyrolysis kinetics inside the waste bed on top of the moving grate) and the freeboard CFD simulations. The new approach is then used to predict the field performance of a large scale waste-to-energy (WTE) plant and the predictions are compared directly with the real measurements in various operational scenarios. The comparison shows an overall satisfactory agreement in terms of temperature and exit gases composition given the complexity of the real life operations, although the CO emission is slightly underpredicted.
Climate Change, Agriculture, and Energy Transition: What Do the Thirty Most-Cited Articles Tell Us?
Authors: Ruban Dmitry A. , Yashalova Natalia N. , Cherednichenko Olga A. , Dovgot’ko Natalya A.
Published: September 2020

The thirty journal articles dealing with the relationship between climate change and agriculture (the latter is treated in general, i.e., as an industry) and which have gained >1000 citations are thought to be sources of the most precious information on the noted relationship. They were published between 1994 and 2011. Many are authored by West European and North American experts. The most-cited articles are attributed to three major themes and eight particular topics, and the best-explored topic is the influence of climate change on agriculture. Moreover, they provide some essential information about the strong relation of both agriculture and climate change to energy transition. The general frame characterizing complex interactions of climate change and agriculture development is proposed on the basis of the most-cited works, but it needs further detail, improvement, and update. The considered articles are basic sources with historical importance.
Electricity Theft Detection Using Supervised Learning Techniques on Smart Meter Data
Authors: Khan Zahoor Ali , Adil Muhammad , Javaid Nadeem , Saqib Malik Najmus , Shafiq Muhammad , Choi Jin-Ghoo
Published: September 2020

Due to the increase in the number of electricity thieves, the electric utilities are facing problems in providing electricity to their consumers in an efficient way. An accurate Electricity Theft Detection (ETD) is quite challenging due to the inaccurate classification on the imbalance electricity consumption data, the overfitting issues and the High False Positive Rate (FPR) of the existing techniques. Therefore, intensified research is needed to accurately detect the electricity thieves and to recover a huge revenue loss for utility companies. To address the above limitations, this paper presents a new model, which is based on the supervised machine learning techniques and real electricity consumption data. Initially, the electricity data are pre-processed using interpolation, three sigma rule and normalization methods. Since the distribution of labels in the electricity consumption data is imbalanced, an Adasyn algorithm is utilized to address this class imbalance problem. It is used to achieve two objectives. Firstly, it intelligently increases the minority class samples in the data. Secondly, it prevents the model from being biased towards the majority class samples. Afterwards, the balanced data are fed into a Visual Geometry Group (VGG-16) module to detect abnormal patterns in electricity consumption. Finally, a Firefly Algorithm based Extreme Gradient Boosting (FA-XGBoost) technique is exploited for classification. The simulations are conducted to show the performance of our proposed model. Moreover, the state-of-the-art methods are also implemented for comparative analysis, i.e., Support Vector Machine (SVM), Convolution Neural Network (CNN), and Logistic Regression (LR). For validation, precision, recall, F1-score, Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), Receiving Operating Characteristics Area Under Curve (ROC-AUC), and Precision Recall Area Under Curve (PR-AUC) metrics are used. Firstly, the simulation results show that the proposed Adasyn method has improved the performance of FA-XGboost classifier, which has achieved F1-score, precision, and recall of 93.7%, 92.6%, and 97%, respectively. Secondly, the VGG-16 module achieved a higher generalized performance by securing accuracy of 87.2% and 83.5% on training and testing data, respectively. Thirdly, the proposed FA-XGBoost has correctly identified actual electricity thieves, i.e., recall of 97%. Moreover, our model is superior to the other state-of-the-art models in terms of handling the large time series data and accurate classification. These models can be efficiently applied by the utility companies using the real electricity consumption data to identify the electricity thieves and overcome the major revenue losses in power sector.
Exploring Possible Triangle Singularities in the Ξ b − → K − J / ψ Λ Decay
Authors: Shen Chao-Wei , Jing Hao-Jie , Guo Feng-Kun , Wu Jia-Jun
Published: September 2020

We analyze possible singularities in the J/ψΛ invariant mass distribution of the Ξb−→K−J/ψΛ process via triangle loop diagrams. Triangle singularities in the physical region are found in 18 different triangle loop diagrams. Among those with Ξ*-charmonium-Λ intermediate states, the one from the χc1Ξ(2120)Λ loop, which is located around 4628 MeV, is found the most likely to cause observable effects. One needs S- and P-waves in χc1Λ and J/ψΛ systems, respectively, when the quantum numbers of these systems are 1/2+ or 3/2+. When the quantum numbers of the Ξ(2120) are JP=1/2+, 1/2− or 3/2+, the peak structure should be sharper than the other JP choices. This suggests that although the whole strength is unknown, we should pay attention to the contributions from the Ξ*-charmonium-Λ triangle diagram if structures are observed in the J/ψΛ invariant mass spectrum experimentally. In addition, a few triangle diagrams with the Ds1*(2700) as one of the intermediate particles can also produce singularities in the J/ψΛ distribution, but at higher energies above 4.9 GeV.
The Compromised Intestinal Barrier Induced by Mycotoxins
Authors: Gao Yanan , Meng Lu , Liu Huimin , Wang Jiaqi , Zheng Nan
Published: September 2020

Mycotoxins are fungal metabolites that occur in human foods and animal feeds, potentially threatening human and animal health. The intestine is considered as the first barrier against these external contaminants, and it consists of interconnected physical, chemical, immunological, and microbial barriers. In this context, based on in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models, we summarize the literature for compromised intestinal barrier issues caused by various mycotoxins, and we reviewed events related to disrupted intestinal integrity (physical barrier), thinned mucus layer (chemical barrier), imbalanced inflammatory factors (immunological barrier), and dysfunctional bacterial homeostasis (microbial barrier). We also provide important information on deoxynivalenol, a leading mycotoxin implicated in intestinal dysfunction, and other adverse intestinal effects induced by other mycotoxins, including aflatoxins and ochratoxin A. In addition, intestinal perturbations caused by mycotoxins may also contribute to the development of mycotoxicosis, including human chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases. Therefore, we provide a clear understanding of compromised intestinal barrier induced by mycotoxins, with a view to potentially develop innovative strategies to prevent and treat mycotoxicosis. In addition, because of increased combinatorial interactions between mycotoxins, we explore the interactive effects of multiple mycotoxins in this review.
Gravity-Induced Geometric Phases and Entanglement in Spinors and Neutrinos: Gravitational Zeeman Effect
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Banibrata , Ganguly Soumya Kanti
Published: September 2020

We show Zeeman-like splitting in the energy of spinors propagating in a background gravitational field, analogous to the spinors in an electromagnetic field, otherwise termed the Gravitational Zeeman Effect. These spinors are also found to acquire a geometric phase, in a similar way as they do in the presence of magnetic fields. However, in a gravitational background, the Aharonov-Bohm type effect, in addition to Berry-like phase, arises. Based on this result, we investigate geometric phases acquired by neutrinos propagating in a strong gravitational field. We also explore entanglement of neutrino states due to gravity, which could induce neutrino-antineutrino oscillation in the first place. We show that entangled states also acquire geometric phases which are determined by the relative strength between gravitational field and neutrino masses.
Modeling the Effect of Desert Urbanization on Local Climate and Natural Dust Generation: A Case Study for Erbil, Iraq
Authors: Tahir Sherzad T. , Huang Huei-Ping
Published: September 2020

This study uses a suite of meteorological and land-surface models to quantify the changes in local climate and surface dust fluxes associated with desert urbanization. Formulas connecting friction velocity and soil moisture to dust generation are used to quantify surface fluxes for natural wind-blown dust. The models are used to conduct a series of simulations for the desert city of Erbil across a period of rapid urbanization. The results show significant nighttime warming and weak but robust daytime cooling associated with desert urbanization. A slight reduction in near-surface wind speed is also found in the areas undergoing urbanization. These findings are consistent with previous empirical and modeling studies on other desert cities. Numerical models and empirical formulas are used to produce climatological maps of surface dust fluxes as a function of season, and for the pre- and post-urbanization eras. This framework can potentially be used to bridge the gap in observation on the trends in local dust generation associated with land-use changes and urban expansions.
Atypical Porcine Pestivirus Circulation and Molecular Evolution within an Affected Swine Herd
Authors: Folgueiras-González Alba , van den Braak Robin , Simmelink Bartjan , Deijs Martin , van der Hoek Lia , de Groof Ad
Published: September 2020

Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is a single-stranded RNA virus from the family Flaviviridae, which is linked to congenital tremor (CT) type A-II in newborn piglets. Here, we retrospectively investigated the molecular evolution of APPV on an affected herd between 2013 and 2019. Monitoring was done at regular intervals, and the same genotype of APPV was found during the entire study period, suggesting no introductions from outside the farm. The nucleotide substitutions over time did not show substantial amino acid variation in the structural glycoproteins. Furthermore, the evolution of the virus showed mainly purifying selection, and no positive selection. The limited pressure on the virus to change at immune-dominant regions suggested that the immune pressure at the farm might be low. In conclusion, farms can have circulation of APPV for years, and massive testing and removal of infected animals are not sufficient to clear the virus from affected farms.
Intercellular Transmission of Naked Viruses through Extracellular Vesicles: Focus on Polyomaviruses
Authors: Helle Francois , Handala Lynda , Bentz Marine , Duverlie Gilles , Brochot Etienne
Published: September 2020

Extracellular vesicles have recently emerged as a novel mode of viral transmission exploited by naked viruses to exit host cells through a nonlytic pathway. Extracellular vesicles can allow multiple viral particles to collectively traffic in and out of cells, thus enhancing the viral fitness and diversifying the transmission routes while evading the immune system. This has been shown for several RNA viruses that belong to the Picornaviridae, Hepeviridae, Reoviridae, and Caliciviridae families; however, recent studies also demonstrated that the BK and JC viruses, two DNA viruses that belong to the Polyomaviridae family, use a similar strategy. In this review, we provide an update on recent advances in understanding the mechanisms used by naked viruses to hijack extracellular vesicles, and we discuss the implications for the biology of polyomaviruses.
IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR INTERNAL DAN FAKTOR EXTERNAL PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA PANTAI NATSEPA DENGAN PENDEKATAN COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM
Authors: De Lima Yohana Aprilia , Prakoso Aditha Agung
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this research is to identify the internal and external factor that obstruct or driven the development of Natsepa beach. This research used descriptive qualitative. The research was focused on identifying internal and external factors of development in Natsepa beach with Community-based tourism as an approach.  The results of this study show that there are many physical and non-physical potential that can be developed into marine tourism the place itself is accessible and the government as the management already provide some facilities such as accommodation, etc. Indeed, the existing facilities need to be updated and improved. The potential need to be developed and managed properly, therefore proper planning and synergy among various parties is needed so each of activities can give a positive impact in economic and also environment to every parties.
IMPLEMENTASI DANA DESA UNTUK KEGIATAN KEBUDAYAAN GUMELARING KADIPATEN DI DESA PURWODADI KECAMATAN BARAT KABUPATEN MAGETAN
Authors: Hilman Yusuf Adam , Chollil Fachrudin
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskrupsikan Tentang implementasi dana desa untuk kegiatan kebudayaan Di desa purwodadi kecamatan barat kabupaten magetan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dan sumber datanya bersifat primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara, obserfasi dan catatan dokumen.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa panitia selaku penyelenggara Acara gumelaring kadipaten dan pihak desa purwodadi selaku penyedia lahan terjalin baik. Hasil dari di adakannya gumelaring kadipaten bagi panitia yaitu bisa melestarikan budaya dan juga sejarah yang patut di lestarikan dan hasil  yang di dapat Pihak desa purwodadi dengan diadakannya acara gumelaring kadipaten yaitu mempromosikan desanya sebagai desa wisata dan mengajak masyarakat ikut gotong royong dalam menjaga aset yang di miliki desa tersebut.  secara normatif dan administratif Pengelolaan alokasi dana desa di lakukan dengan baik, namun secara substansi masih belum menyentuh makna implementasi yang sesungguhnya.
Tek Seviye Anterior Servikal Diskektomi ve Füzyon Sonrası Servikal Sagittal Dizilimin değerlendirilmesi; Klinik Seri
Authors: ÜNSAL Ülkün Ünlü
Published: September 2020

Öz:
Giriş: Servikal dizilim yaşam kalitesi ve myelopatiyle ilişkilidir. Anterior servikal diskektomi ve füzyon’un amacı nöral yapıları dekomprese etmek, servikal dizilimi korumak ve/veya restore etmektir. Bu çalışmanın amacı günümüzde yaygın olarak kullanılan anterior servikal diskektomi ve füzyon’un servikal sagittal dizilim üzerine etkisini değerlendirmektir.
Materyal ve Metot: Biz retrospektif olarak tek seviye anterior servikal diskektomi ve füzyon uygulanan 16 hastayı ortalama 16 ay takip edilmesi ardından radyolojik olarak servikal sagittal dizilimi ve klinik sonuçlarını değerlendirdik.
Bulgular: Preoperatif ve postoperatif 12.ayda ölçülen servikal sagittal dizilim parametrelerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmazken; hastaların preoperatif ve postoperatif 12.ayda değerlendirilen Vizüel analog skala değerlerinde anlamlı bir fark gözlendi.
Sonuç: Tek seviye anterior servikal diskektomi ve füzyon sonrası radyolojik olarak anlamlı bir fark çıkmasa bile klinik olarak hastalarda belirgin bir iyileşme gözlenmiştir.
The Strategies of Pathogen-Oriented Therapy on Circumventing Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Shang Zifang , Chan Siew Yin , Song Qing , Li Peng , Huang Wei
Published: September 2020

The emerging antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses serious threats to the global public health. Conventional antibiotics have been eclipsed in combating with drug-resistant bacteria. Moreover, the developing and deploying of novel antimicrobial drugs have trudged, as few new antibiotics are being developed over time and even fewer of them can hit the market. Alternative therapeutic strategies to resolve the AMR crisis are urgently required. Pathogen-oriented therapy (POT) springs up as a promising approach in circumventing antibiotic resistance. The tactic underling POT is applying antibacterial compounds or materials directly to infected regions to treat specific bacteria species or strains with goals of improving the drug efficacy and reducing nontargeting and the development of drug resistance. This review exemplifies recent trends in the development of POTs for circumventing AMR, including the adoption of antibiotic-antibiotic conjugates, antimicrobial peptides, therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, nanotechnologies, CRISPR-Cas systems, and microbiota modulations. Employing these alternative approaches alone or in combination shows promising advantages for addressing the growing clinical embarrassment of antibiotics in fighting drug-resistant bacteria.
CURRENT SITUATION OF MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS IN BAC GIANG PROVINCE IN THE PERIOD OF 2014-2018
Authors: Hà Hoàng , Lương Vi Thị
Published: September 2020

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện trên toàn bộ sổ sách, báo cáo của Bệnh viện Lao và bệnh phổi tỉnh Bắc Giang giai đoạn 2014-2018 nhằm mô tả thực trạng quản lý và điều trị lao tại tỉnh Bắc Giang và đánh giá kết quả điều trị sau 5 năm của bệnh nhân lao đang được quản lý và điều trị tại tỉnh Bắc Giang giai đoạn 2014-2018. Nghiên cứu dựa trên phương pháp mô tả cắt ngang, lấy toàn bộ số lao trên cơ sở thu thập toàn bộ thông tin từ sổ sách, báo cáo hoạt động quản lý điều trị lao của toàn tỉnh thời gian từ 2014-2018. Nghiên cứu cho thấy số lao phát hiện: AFB(+) mới giảm từ 43,86-40,60, tái phát tăng từ 3,94 - 13,23, lao các thể tăng 62,96 - 74,31. Với R=1,67, phát hiện đạt 50,55% đạt khoảng ½ so với số ước tính. Tỉ lệ khỏi của bệnh nhân lao phổi AFB (+) mới giai đoạn 2014 - 2018 là 95,82%. Như vậy tỷ lệ phát hiện lao AFB (+) mới giảm qua các năm, tỷ lệ lao tái phát và các thể tăng qua các năm. Khả năng phát hiện lao phổi AFB (+) mới của tỉnh Bắc Giang qua 5 năm chỉ đạt khoảng ½ so với số ước tính. Tỉ lệ điều trị khỏi bệnh nhân lao phổi AFB (+) mới giai đoạn 2014 - 2018 cao hơn Chương trình chống lao quốc gia.
THỰC TRẠNG CÔNG TÁC QUẢN LÝ VÀ TƯ VẤN SỬ DỤNG THUỐC TẠI TRẠM Y TẾ XÃ CỔ LŨNG – PHÚ LƯƠNG – THÁI NGUYÊN
Authors: Quỳnh Nguyễn Thị Phương , Tuấn Trần Văn
Published: September 2020

Nghiên cứu này khảo sát thực trạng hoạt động quản lý và tư vấn sử dụng thuốc của trạm y tế, đánh giá năng lực chuyên môn của các nhân viên y tế tuyến xã nhằm mục đích nâng cao chất lượng khám chữa bệnh tại tuyến y tế cơ sở, góp phần giảm tải cho các bệnh viện tuyến trên đồng thời giúp khảo sát nhu cầu đào tạo liên tục cho các đối tượng y tế tuyến cơ sở. Nghiên cứu được thực hiên trên cơ sở thu thập thông tin cần thiết từ các bệnh nhân đến khám, điều trị tại trạm y tế và các cán bộ y tế của trạm. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy danh mục thuốc thiết yếu đã đáp ứng được nhu cầu kê đơn tại trạm nhưng phần lớn bệnh nhân không nhận được tư vấn sử dụng thuốc khi đến khám tại trạm, cán bộ y tế chưa được cập nhật kiến thức về dược lâm sàng. Nghiên cứu cũng đã đề xuất một số giải pháp để nâng cao chất lượng khám chữa bệnh tại trạm y tế.
CYCLOSORUS FUKIENENSIS CHING (THELYPTERIDACEAE): A NEW RECORD FOR THE FLORA OF VIETNAM
Authors: Sơn Doãn Hoàng , Bách Trần Thế , Quang Bùi Hồng , Ngân Lữ Thị , Thường Sỹ Danh
Published: September 2020

Cyclosorus fukienensis Ching (Thelypteridaceae), loài bổ sung cho hệ thực vật Việt Nam đã được nghiên cứu, so sánh và mô tả. Trước đây, loài này chỉ được ghi nhận có ở Trung Quốc (Phúc Kiến, phía Bắc tỉnh Quảng Đông; phía Nam tỉnh Hồ Nam, Giang Tây và Chiết Giang). Loài này khác với loài Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd.) H. Itô và Cyclosorus acuminatus (Houtt.) Nakai bởi các đặc điểm về gốc cuống, thùy, gân bên, túi bào tử, bào tử. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi giới thiệu tài liệu gốc và các tài liệu khác liên quan đến loài, mẫu type chuẩn, mô tả chi tiết các đặc điểm hình thái, phân bố và sinh thái, mẫu nghiên cứu, ảnh màu minh họa, khóa định loại và bảng so sánh các đặc điểm với các loài gần gũi. Mẫu tiêu bản của loài Cyclosorus fukienensis Ching được thu tại huyện Kbang, tỉnh Gia Lai và được lưu giữ tại phòng tiêu bản thực vật (HN) của Viện Sinh thái và Tài nguyên sinh vật. Kết quả nghiên cứu góp phần bổ sung danh lục thành phần loài thực vật bậc cao có mạch cho hệ thực vật Việt Nam.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ NHÂN CÁCH Ở BỆNH NHÂN RỐI LOẠN PHÂN LY TẠI KHOA TÂM THẦN BỆNH VIỆN TRUNG ƯƠNG THÁI NGUYÊN
Authors: Vinh Nguyễn Đắc , Hoa Đàm Thị Bảo , Giang Trịnh Quỳnh
Published: September 2020

Tỷ lệ các rối loạn tâm thần ngày càng gia tăng ở các nước đang phát triển, đặc biệt là sự gia tăng các rối loạn liên quan đến stress trong đó có rối loạn phân ly. Nghiên cứu này sử dụng phương pháp mô tả cắt ngang nhằm mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng và nhân cách ở 32 bệnh nhân rối loạn phân ly điều trị tại khoa Tâm thần, Bệnh viện Trung ương Thái Nguyên từ tháng 1 năm 2019 đến tháng 12 năm 2019. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, rối loạn phân ly xuất hiện đột ngột ở 100% các trường hợp nghiên cứu và xảy ra sau sang chấn tâm lý, chủ yếu là sang chấn trong gia đình (46,88%) và sang chấn trong công việc (34,37%). Triệu chứng khởi phát thường giống các bệnh lý thực thể. Triệu chứng lâm sàng hay gặp nhất là co giật phân ly (56,25%), triệu chứng thực vật nội tạng phân ly biểu hiện nhiều trên lâm sàng, trong đó đau đầu (43,75%) và khó thở (31,25%) là triệu chứng phổ biến. Các rối loạn tâm thần kết hợp với rối loạn phân ly chiếm tỷ lệ cao, trầm cảm (53,12%) và lo âu (40,62%). Rối loạn phân ly thường xảy ra ở những người có nhân cách hướng ngoại (62,5%); đa số các bệnh nhân có tính thần kinh không ổn định (78,13%).
Clinical Efficacy of Surgical Treatment in 40 Patients with Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis
Authors: Linan Wang , Xuewei Wang , Jian Liu , Yongai Li , Wanghui Wanghui , Jianwen Lin , Jiandang Shi , Huiqiang Ding , Ning-Kui Niu
Published: September 2020

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic methods of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis and the clinical efficacy of fenestration decompression, focus debridement, and convective flushing.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 40 patients with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of our hospital from January 2011 to December 2018. There were 21 males and 19 females, aged 1–70 years, with an average age of 21.45 ± 15.23 years, including 27 children and adolescents. The pathogenic sites were as follows: femur 20 cases, tibia 16 cases, humerus 2 cases, ulna 1 case, and radius 1 case. The systemic and local symptoms of patients before and after surgery were evaluated. The results of white blood cell count (WBC), NEUT%, hs-CRP, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), imaging examination, bacteriology, and pathological examination were analyzed. Fenestration decompression, focus debridement, and convective flushing were used at the site of lesion in the surgery.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) Dipadu RQA Berbasis Lesson Study untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar dan Kemampuan Komunikasi Mahasiswa Pendidikan Biologi Universitas Negeri Malang
Authors: Tendrita Miswandi , Sari Alvina Putri Purnama
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan dua siklus yang terdiri dari empat tahap di setiap siklusnya yaitu perencanaan, tindakan atau pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di S1 Pendidikan Biologi Universitas Negeri Malang dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak 42 orang pada mahasiswa semester 7, mata kuliah pembelajaran biologi abad 21. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar dan kemampuan komunikasi mahasiswa dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif Student Team Achievement Divisions (STAD) dipadu RQA berbasis Lesson Study pada perkuliahan pembelajaran abad 21. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD berbasis Lesson Study dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar dan kemampuan komunikasi mahasiswa semester 7 perkuliahan pembelajaran abad 21 dengan peningkatan motivasi siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 6,55%. Sedangkan peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi mahasiswa dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 8,21%.
Pengembangan Buku Penuntun Praktikum Sistem Peredaran Darah Manusia dengan Model Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI)
Authors: Hendriyani Widya , Hasnunidah Neni , Yolida Berti
Published: September 2020

This study aims to produce a practical guidebook of human circulatory system with Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) model for students at junior high schools. The design of this research was R&D with 4-D model including define, design, develop, and disseminate. However, this research was only up to the develop step. The result of this study is in form of a practical guidebook of human circulatory system and using language that is easily understood and in accordance with EYD. Then, the practical worksheet consists of student identities, title of practices, basic theories, objectives, research questions, tools, materials, work steps, argumentation schemes, argumentation sessions, and reports. Next, the results of validation of experts and practitioners as well as the results of the readability test of the students obtain "Excellent" category. Moreover, the results of the implemented tests of all practices obtain "Almost All Activities Implemented" category. As a result, the practical guidebook of the human circulatory system with ADI model is valid and practical.
Mapping of the distribution of active tuberculosis incidence on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula
Authors: Prokhorova Elena , Semin Vladimir , Morozova Alexandra
Published: September 2020

This study is conducted to analyze spatial distribution of tuberculosis (TB) incidence in the Crimean peninsula and is due to the further development of a solution to this issue, since, despite the fact that there is a decrease in the incidence of tuberculosis on the peninsula, the Republic of Crimea remains today one of the disadvantaged regions of our country. According to official statistics, the total incidence of tuberculosis in 2018 was 51 per 100 thousand people.

The risk of developing tuberculosis depends on a number of factors — environmental, economic, social and others. In order to show and evaluate the spatial distribution, intensity, localization and concentration of the phenomenon in certain areas an analysis using cartographic and statistical methods is needed.

The purpose of the article is, through the processing of statistical and analytical source data of certain time slices, to show on maps the totality of factors that can affect the dynamics of the incidence of tuberculosis and the spread of patients in a specific territory — the Crimean Peninsula, and also to identify the most significant of these factors.

The work provides a statistical study of the incidence rates of active tuberculosis in combination with the demographic characteristics of the Crimean Federal District. The quantitative characteristic of these is presented in the form of tables, graphs and cartographic images. The revealed statistical regularities make it possible to see those features of the development of the studied parameters that usually slip away with only one mapping, and to predict the situation for the future.
Cirugía en tiempos de Covid
Authors: Dabanch Peña Jeannette
Published: September 2020

La pandemia por COVID-19 que hoy afecta al mundo ha provocado una disrupción global en aspectos sanitarios, sociales y económicos sin precedentes en la historia moderna y con un impacto aún desconocido, entre estos, la interrupción casi universal de la actividad quirúrgica, esta editorial trata aspectos de esta realidad.
MANEJO COMPLICACIONES BILIARES DE LA CIRUGÍA DEL QUISTE HIDATÍDICO HEPÁTICO
Authors: Pinto Guerrero Pedro Pablo , Ruiz Jorge Finlez
Published: September 2020

La complicación más frecuente del quiste hidatídico hepático es la fístula biliar externa. El diagnóstico pre e intraoperatorio es esencial en el tratamiento. En dicha evaluación se describen factores predictivos que hacen sospechar las comunicaciones cistobiliares. En presencia de estas, es posible realizar estudios adicionales para su diagnóstico. La filtración  y la fístula biliar son las complicaciones postoperatorias más frecuentes y las principales causas de morbimortalidad. Sus tasas pueden disminuirse siguiendo con acuciosidad los factores predictivos y el adecuado manejo de la fístula biliar postoperatoria.
Transplante Hepático en Chile: Pasado, Presente y Futuro
Authors: Uribe Mario , González Gloria , Paravic Natasha
Published: September 2020

La donación de órganos en Chile es insuficiente, con una tasa histórica de alrededor de seis donantes por millón de habitantes.  Las reformas legales, mejoras organizacionales y campañas comunicacionales han permitido hacer del año 2019 el más exitoso en cuanto a donación de órganos y trasplantes.El trasplante hepático en Chile fue realizado por primera vez en el año 1969 en el Hospital Naval de Valparaíso, falleciendo el receptor precozmente.  El primer trasplante exitoso fue realizado en el año 1985 en el Hospital Militar de Santiago. Desde esa fecha hasta la actualidad se han realizado 1.812 trasplantes de hígado, el 43,6% en hospitales universitarios, el 35,1% en clínicas privadas y un 21,5% en hospitales estatales. El 23,1% en la Pontificia Universidad Católica (PUC), el 20,6% en el Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile (HCUCH), el 15,9 % en el Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna (HLCM), el 15,9% en Clínica Las Condes (CLC), el 14,3% en Clínica Alemana de Santiago (CA), el 5,6% en el Hospital del Salvador (HdS), 2% en Clínica Dávila (CD), 2% en el Sanatorio Alemán de Concepción (SA) y 0,9% en Clínica Santa María (CSM) De este total,  455 son en pacientes pediátricos, de ellos 63,3% en Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna el 21,1% en la Clínica Las Condes el 7,7% en la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, el 6,4% en la Clínica Alemana y 1,5% en el Sanatorio Alemán.  Desde el 2015, aproximadamente el 80% de los trasplantes pediátricos se realizan en el HLCM. Sobrevidas reportadas en adultos van del 75% a 85% al año y de 75% a 92% al año en pacientes pediátricos dependiendo el período. Hay centros que nunca han reportado sus resultados.Se espera mejorar la educación en pro de una sociedad proclive en la donación, mejorar la organización de detección, mantención y procuramiento, aumentar la utilización de órganos, potenciar la utilización los de donantes cadáveres, con técnica Split o hígado dividido y, mientras no tengamos un sistema de donación que dé cuenta de las necesidades del país, mantener los programas de donante vivo.Finalmente debe motivarse a generaciones jóvenes para que se dediquen a esta importante actividad.
Innovative Approaches in Economic Education: Need for Implementation and Prospects for Use
Authors: Abramov A. K. , Volkova A. A. , Plotnikov V. A.
Published: September 2020

The presented study examines the problems and prospects of using innovative methods in the training of economists with higher education.

Aim. The study identifies the peculiarities of economic education in the context of the digital transformation of the economy (strategic factor) and restrictive epidemiological measures (tactical factor), and assesses the feasibility and necessity of using innovative methods in the training of economists.

Tasks. The authors analyze modern problems of higher economic education in Russia, systematize innovative methods that can be used in higher economic education, and assess the prospects for their use and the practical effects of their implementation.

Methods. This study uses the methods of systems and interdisciplinary approaches to the examination of socio-economic phenomena and processes, specific methods of innovative, structural, and comparative analysis, and the results of the authors’ empirical generalizations.

Results. It is established that the Russian education system is in a state of permanent reform, which, however, does not fully solve its problems, often generating new ones instead. At the same time, the chosen vector of transformations does little to affect the actual training process. Despite the declared attention to improving its quality, reforms are mainly focused on institutional, organizational, financial, and other system-wide aspects. As a result, the higher education system as a whole and university education of economists in particular face a number of challenges. These challenges exacerbated and clearly manifested in the spring semester of the 2019-2020 academic year due to the implementation of measures aimed at preventing the spread of the new COVID-19 coronavirus infection in Russia. It turned out that many universities are not technologically and methodologically prepared to implement educational programs in the context of distance learning, i.e. they do not fully meet the requirements of the digital age. In this regard, the authors propose to enhance the use of innovative teaching methods in the training of economists with higher education. This study describes the content and advantages of such methods over traditional ones.

Conclusions. A summary of the results of this study makes it possible to conclude that it is necessary to enhance the use of innovative methods in the economic training of students. Organizational changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in recent months confirm the correctness of this standpoint. At the same time, attention should be paid to the rational combination of traditional and innovative teaching methods, as well as the global trend of digitalization of socio-economic processes.
International Humanitarian Law and Military Intervention: Reflections on Operation Allied Forces in the Former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1999
Authors: Sixpence Pedzisai , Chilunjika Alouis
Published: September 2020

Military intervention is a crucial tool used to compel nation states to abide by the principles of international law. The United Nations, through its Charter (Chapter VII) authorises the use of force by the UN and or regional organisations as a legitimate scheme of settling international disputes. A closer look on the majority of these interventions, however, shows that the conduct of the forces taking part in these interventions turn to violate some crucial principles of international law. Additional Protocol 1 of 1977 to the 1949 Geneva protocols provides for the regulations in terms of the conduct of forces in an armed conflict to minimise civilian carnage and injuries as well as damage on civilian objects. This paper assessed the effectiveness of International Humanitarian Law (IHL) in cases of a military intervention. The study was a case study focusing on the experiences of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) forces that intervened in the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) in 1999. The study depended on secondary sources of information. The paper reveals that forces taking part in these operations normally harm civilian population and objects beyond reasonable proportion if they do not pay attention to the details on the ground.  The paper then recommends that more should be done to uphold and adhere to the provisions of Chapter VI of the UN Charter while ensuring that forces taking part in military interventions are parties to key international legislations that govern their conduct to prevent states from purposefully violate the law.
The Role of IPR in Plant Genetic Engineering
Authors: Bhattacharjee Abhishek Rajesh , Das Shreya , Aastha Stuti
Published: September 2020

The role and status of Patent laws in the protection of plant species which have been genetically modified is currently uncertain in India. Discussions and debates regarding the same are rife and experts have different views regarding the whole aspect concerning economical and ethical considerations. Genetically engineered plants and modified crop plants are of significant economic value. In India, they face critical challenges, for instance, the requirement of dependable public policies and vigorous frameworks for regulatory control. This becomes much more vital since India desires to be an economic superpower primarily based on innovation. It is very important for a person from the legal field, especially those interested in the field of IPR, to have clarity regarding the protection of genetically modified plants. This humble attempt at a research paper seeks to clarify the same and discusses the various aspects on which one should think while concluding their views on the topic.
Impediments to effective Councilor oversight at Nkayi Rural District Council in Zimbabwe
Authors: Chilunjika Alouis , Mutema Edson , Dube Buhle
Published: September 2020

The paper seeks to examine and unpack the factors that are militating against councilor oversight at Nkayi Rural District Council. Councilor oversight is a crucial function for promoting and enhancing transparency, accountability, effectiveness and efficiency in Zimbabwean local authorities. Despite the existence of councilor oversight, local authorities in Zimbabwe continue to face operational, regulatory and oversight challenges. To establish the factors militating against effective councilor oversight at Nkayi, the respondents were purposively selected and the research used both primary and secondary data. The study established that low academic qualifications among councilors, councilors terms of office, political affiliation and partisanship and limited timeframes as the key impediments to effective councilor oversight at Nkayi Rural District Council.
PENGARUH MASUKAN ENERGI JUMLAH PANAS (MEJP) DAN DOSIS PUPUK FOSFOR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max L. Merril)
Authors: Kurnia Ningsih Riani , Yawahar Jon , Fitriani Dwi , Suryadi Suryadi , Podesta Fiana
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh masukan energi jumlah panas dengan dosis pupuk fosfor terhadap hasil tanaman kedelai (Glycine max L. Merril). Penelitian ini telah laksanakan pada bulan Juli-Oktober 2019 di Jl. Danau Raya No.59, Panorama, Singaran Pati, Kota Bengkulu, Bengkulu dengan ketinggian + 24 m dpl. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap disusun dengan factorial(RAL-F) dengan dua faktor, dimana faktor 1 adalah masukan energi jumlah panas (E) E1= 1030-1050 SP, E2 = 1130-1150 SP, E3= 1230-1250 SP, E3= 1330-1350 SP. Faktor 2 adalah dosis pupuk fosfor (P)   P1= 75 kg/ha, P2= 150 kg/ha, P3= 225 kg/ha masing-masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Hasil data dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Sidik Ragam (ANOVA) dan apabila berbeda nyata dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) taraf 0,5%. Hasil perlakuan masukan energi jumlah panas menunjukan berbeda sangat nyata terhadap peubah berat basah tanaman, berat biji, dan menunjukan berbeda nyata terhadap peubah berat kering tanaman, berat polong. Sedangkan perlakuan masukan energi jumlah panas dan dosis pupuk fosfor terjadi interaksi pada peubah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan berat biji. Kata kunci : Masukan Energi Jumlah Panas, Dosis Pupuk Fosfor.
Effective Management of Storm water in Ibeju–Lekki Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Raheem W.M. , Jimoh M.Y. , Ola A.B , Raheem W.A , Suleiman A.R. , Ibrahim M.
Published: September 2020

In recent years, many cities and rural areas are facing frequent waterlogging, run-off pollution, huge loss of resourceful rainwater, damaged ecosystem and many more rain water related problems. In regional perspective, how to construct a sustainable storm water management measures have been presented as an important issue in many cities and urban agglomeration in Nigeria. Ibeju Lekki area is usually faced with the problem of rain water leading to incessant flooding. This study therefore assesses storm water management in Ibeju-Lekki Area, Lagos state. The research employs a random sampling technique in selecting 204 (0.07  ) respondents for questionnaire administration. Descriptive and inferential statistical tools were employed in the analysis of the data. Pearson product moment correlation was used to test the relationship between the gradient analysis and vulnerability to runoff of Ibeju-Lekki. Also, the slope analysis of the study area was carried out using slope calculation. Findings revealed that natural green space, public parks and gardens and drainage system were the most available storm water management infrastructure in the area. The result of correlation analysis with r = 0.971 shows a strong positive correlation between gradient and vulnerability to runoff. The study concluded that physical planning policies such as thorough monitoring of building plan before approval and institution of effective development control agencies among others should be put in place to ensure proper management of storm water in Ibeju-Lekki local government area of Lagos state
Effect of Nano-Silica on Consolidation and Permeability Properties of Lateritic Soil
Authors: Ochepo J. , Kanyi I. M.
Published: September 2020

A reddish-brown lateritic soil obtained from Zaria; Nigeria was treated with up to 2.5% nano-silica. Consolidation properties (i.e. Pre-consolidation pressure, compression index, coefficient of volume compressibility and coefficient of consolidation) of treated specimens were assessed using one dimensional consolidation test. The permeability property of treated soil was also evaluated. The results obtained showed that the pre-consolidation pressure generally increased with increasing percentage of nano-silica content and curing time. The compression index (Cc) increased steadily with higher percentage of nano-silica contents up to 2.5% treatment for 7 and 14 days of curing, but decreased after 28 days curing period. The recompression index (Cr) on the other hand generally increased with increase percentage of nano-silica content and curing period. The coefficient of volume compressibility (Mv) did not follow any definite trend, but at 2.5% nano-silica content, the Mv decreased for all curing periods considered. The coefficient of consolidation (Cv) also, did not give a definite trend with increase in nano-silica content, suggesting that increasing the amount of nano-silica content in the soil has little or no impact on the time rate of settlement. The coefficient of permeability (k) decreased as the soil was treated with nano-silica especially beyond loading pressure of 40kN/m2. This study showed that nano-silica (up to 2.5%) can be used to stabilize lateritic soil to improve its consolidation properties.
A Qualitative Inquiry on Academic Social Identity A Case Study on Students of Department of Psychology Universitas Pembangunan Jaya
Authors: Soerjoatmodjo Gita Widya Laksmini
Published: September 2020

What does being a student of Psychology in Universitas Pembangunan Jaya (UPJ) mean to you? This question was given to 33 students-cum-participants of this research. The background was that academic social identity – defined as how individuals identify to their academic institutions and/or subject areas they undertake during the time spent throughout their educational process – is key to their achievements. The objective was to understand the academic social identity of UPJ Department of Psychology students, particularly those who took Qualitative Research Method course in 2019/2020 Academic Year, to better understand their trajectories. This writing used qualitative research method with youth participatory action approach, applying photovoice as data collecting method, which produced visual and textual data analyzed from interpretative phenomenological perspective. The result showed that their academic social identity comprised of the following stages: understanding what Psychology is, their own personal and non-personal reasons to choose this discipline and then understanding their roles as students – both in Department Psychology and in UPJ. Discussion touched upon the stage that seemed to be particularly painstaking: understanding their roles as students – opening doors to provide student service supports to ensure smoother transition. It was concluded that academic social identity is a never-ending process.