bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’intermède de Marcel Broodthaers : pour une critique de l’hybride
Authors: Hillen Sabine
Published: September 2016

L’hybride qualifie non seulement des productions artistiques revendiquant l’indéterminé mais il renvoie aussi et surtout aujourd’hui à des formes médiatiques normatives ; celles-ci ne répondent plus aux conventions du genre littéraire ou cinématographique. Cette difficulté de référer au genre, Marcel Broodthaers était sur le point de l’éprouver. Nous soulignons dans cet article que si les scènes cinématographiques et les autres décors de sa main font appel à l’intermédialité, telle qu’elle est définie par la critique, ces mêmes œuvres ne font pas encore appel à l’hybride. L’altérité y reçoit une place bien nette. L’intermède de Marcel Broodthaers, qui échappe à une forme précise, questionne, par le choc et le manque de signification, un public encore assuré de ses goûts. En revanche, l’hybride tel que Byung-Chul Han le conçoit, est le signe d’un manque d’immunité et de clôture. Il renvoie à des projets qui s’ouvrent à tous et à tout le monde sans parvenir à susciter une réaction d’immunité. Or, quand l’autre n’est pas reconnu dans son altérité, sa différence ne peut plus être instituée comme une signification.
Formes de l’hybridité et hybridité des formes dans les films des diasporas d’Afrique : L’Afrance (Alain Gomis, 2001) et Juju Factory (Balufu Bakupa-Kanyinda, 2007)
Authors: Ricci Daniela
Published: September 2016

Cet article s’appuie sur le concept de paraphrase proposé par Jean-Pierre Esquenazi pour étudier la représentation de l’hybridité et de la complexité dans les films contemporains des diasporas d’Afrique. L’hybridité est au cœur de ces œuvres, tant dans le contenu que dans la forme, parce que dans leurs fictions les cinéastes illustrent leurs univers et les parcours de personnalités syncrétiques, aux appartenances culturelles plurielles et poreuses. Ce texte montre que des long-métrages tels que Juju Factory et L’Afrance expriment l’hybridité culturelle par des narrations non linéaires, des récits fragmentés, lesquels représentent également les ruptures dues à l’histoire et à la migration, ainsi que des reconstructions possibles. Leurs esthétiques composites, leurs styles accentués (au sens de Hamid Naficy), proposent des épistémologies inédites et des regards novateurs, susceptibles de défier la pensée unique et la logique dominante.
L’hybridité identitaire dans une littérature émergente : l’écriture du « moi » hybride dans l’œuvre autobiographique des écrivains catalans d’origine maghrébine
Authors: Arnau i Segarra Pilar
Published: September 2016

La Catalogne du XXIᵉ siècle a soudainement vu émerger une nouvelle littérature autobiographique. Il s’agit de textes en langue catalane écrits par des auteurs nés à l’étranger et plus particulièrement au Maroc. Najat El Hachmi, Laila Karrouch et Saïd El Kadaoui Moussaoui sont trois écrivains exophones catalans ayant publié des œuvres qui reflètent, dans cette littérature récente, une nouvelle hybridité identitaire.
Thinking Inside the Box
Authors: Medeiros Kelsey E. , Watts Logan L. , Mumford Michael D.
Published: September 2016

Despite the importance of constraints in creative efforts, little research examines the role of constraints in the creative process, how leaders manage these constraints, and implications for educating leaders of creative efforts. The present chapter synthesizes the literature on constraints and leadership of creative efforts to provide an initial framework of constraints and creativity. Furthermore, this chapter proposes an initial model of constraint management portraying the cognitive and practical processes leaders engage in when managing constraints. The complex and dynamic nature of constraints, as highlighted by the model, emphasizes the need for educational efforts specifically addressing constraint management in creative endeavors. Therefore, this chapter provides practical suggestions for educating future leaders in constraint management.
International Center for Studies in Creativity
Authors: Puccio Gerard J. , Mathers Susan Keller , Acar Selcuk , Cayirdag Nur
Published: September 2016

This chapter provides an overview of the programs offered by the International Center for Studies in Creativity (ICSC) at Buffalo State, State University of New York, where creativity is taught and studied extensively at the graduate and undergraduate level. Following the discussion on creativity as a 21st century skill and perennial need for creativity in the workforce, programs and courses are introduced along with the historical roots and philosophy of creativity at ICSC. The Creative Problem Solving Model, which represents the core of the curriculum, is described. The chapter also presents the results of the study regarding the impact of the graduate program on the creative problem solving attitudes of the graduate students based on qualitative and quantitative data.
Instructional Design Technology in Higher Education System
Authors: Prakash Lakshmi Sunil , Saini Dinesh Kumar
Published: September 2016

Higher educational Institutions all over the world are grappling with increased student population, several domains of learning and varied disciplines and instructors with varied experiences in using instructional design technologies. The chapter focuses on how it is possible to facilitate instructional design experiences for the stakeholders in higher education for creative learning. The chapter addresses the emergence of Instructional Design Technology (IDT). The role of IDT and its importance in higher educational institutions is studied with current practices in the field. The impact that this field had made in the evolution of instructional frameworks across the different layers of tertiary educational system is studied especially with regard to improving the teaching and learning experiences of educators and students respectively. The role of Creative Learning technologies' is discussed based on the success that these systems have enjoyed in improving instructional design.
Reaching “Creating” in Bloom's Taxonomy
Authors: Halupa Colleen
Published: September 2016

Creativity of thought and critical thinking are two concepts that faculty struggle with teaching in higher education, particularly in the distance learning environment. Bloom's taxonomy has been used to define taxonomic levels in learning since the 1950's; “create” is one of its highest taxonomic levels. It can be difficult to create relevant, authentic assessments that require students to display both synthesis of meaning, as well creative synthesis of concepts learned to reach this “create” level in an effective manner. Transformative learning and especially heutagogy or “self-determined learning” can be used as theoretical curriculum models or frameworks to help students learn and solve problems. These two theories are particularly effective when leveraged with technology. Today's instructional technologies allow students to more readily create and explore new concepts on their own to generate a more fulfilling education process with meaningful relevant practice and assessment.
On the Relationships between Creative Learning, Creative Teaching, and Roles of Creative Teachers
Authors: Gu Chuanhua
Published: September 2016

This chapter aimed to discuss the relationships between creative teaching, creative learning and the role played by creative teachers in the contexts of students' creativity development. Firstly, this chapter analyzed the characteristics of creative teaching and creative learning. The history of the research on creative teaching and learning since the first half of 20th century was briefly introduced. Secondly, the authors discussed the nature of creative teaching, the features of creative teachers compared to non-creative teachers, the environment for the development of creative teachers and the measures that should be taken to promote the growth of creative teachers. Accordingly, this chapter contributes to development of creativity in higher education both theoretically and practically in the future.
Predictive Analytics for Infrastructure Performance
Authors: McNeil Sue , Trimbath Susanne , Atique Farzana , Burke Ryan
Published: September 2016

A predictive analysis methodology was designed for application to the Transportation Performance Index, which was first released in September 2010 through the U.S. Chamber of Commerce to benchmark and measure changes in the performance of US infrastructure over time. This article starts with a summary of the development and use of the Index in order to present the performance indicators that were the foundation of the predictive analysis. A new methodology was developed to generate prospective values for the Index by applying elements of the improvement plans from US Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) that paralleled the performance indicators used in the Index. The results show that over a 24 year period (2011 to 2035) the plans developed by MPOs can slow the decline in infrastructure over a baseline scenario. In addition to forecasting changes in the performance of the infrastructure that undergirds all economic activity, the results serve to further validate the Index as a methodology that captures important performance functions of transportation infrastructure. The original purpose of the Index was to capture trends, making it well-suited to the application of predictive analysis.
A Hybrid AHP-ELECTRE I Multicriteria Model for Performance Assessment and Team Selection
Authors: Khatrouch Ikram , Kermad Lyes , el Mhamedi Abderrahman , Boujelbene Younes
Published: September 2016

Human resources management is essential to any health care system. This paper proposes an assessment model to help the decision maker in the selection of an optimal team. In the proposed model, AHP method is applied to identify the weights of each criterion in the decision model. ELECTRE I method is used to obtain the best team that satisfies most of the decision maker preferences. We test the effectiveness of the model on the real data collected from the ‘Habib Bourguiba' Hospital in Tunisia.
Predictive Modeling as guide for Health Informatics Deployment
Authors: Ricci Fabrizio L. , Tamburis Oscar
Published: September 2016

The present research work shows the main steps conducted towards the exploitation of the LUMIR project, aiming at realizing an EHR framework in the Italian Region of Basilicata (also known as Lucania). It relates to a structure of network–enabled services capable of integrating the ICT solutions used by the operators of the Healthcare System of Basilicata Region. The adoption process of the LuMiR system was meant to address the issues connected to the design features as well as to the EHR diffusion and the acceptance aspects. The mathematical modeling approach introduced aimed at making possible to get to a measure “ex–ante” of both adequacy and significance of the adoption process itself. The final intent is to work out a scalable and exportable model of advanced management of clinical information, towards a stronger cooperation among the provider organizations and a better governance of care processes, as crucial element within the more general path of modernization of the healthcare sector.
Information and Communication Technology Impact on Supply Chain Integration, Flexibility, and Performance
Authors: Talamantes-Padilla Carlos A , García-Alcaráz Jorge Luis. , Maldonado-Macías Aide A. , Alor-Hernández Giner , Sánchéz-Ramírez Cuauhtemoc , Hernández-Arellano Juan Luis
Published: September 2016

In this chapter, four latent variables will be analyzed to measure the impact of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) on the integration, flexibility and performance of Supply Chain (SC). The aim of the exposition is to provide greater understanding for those responsible of the supply chain, and focus efforts on clear objectives. These clear objectives should help those responsible for the supply chain achieve a better performance within organizations. The information analyzed was obtained from a questionnaire provided to 284 managers in companies located in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. The results were used to generate a structural equation model in order to learn the relationships between variables. We have postulated six hypotheses regarding the direct, indirect and total effects. The results indicate that there is no direct relationship between ICT integration and SC performance, but an indirect relationship through mediating variables as SC Integration and Flexibility exists.
A Causal Analytic Model for Labour Productivity Assessment
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Singh Jyoti , Singh Priya
Published: September 2016

The Indian government and those of the devolved administrations have adopted a policy framework for boosting regional productivity based on five drivers: Investment, Skills, Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Competition. We modelled the relationships between the five drivers and labour productivity using a structural equation model that fitted the data well. The main conclusion is that promoting entrepreneurship, spending more on research and development, increasing the capital-worker ratio and the percentage of the workforce with higher qualifications has a significant bearing upon regional labour productivity. In contrast, regulatory barriers to competition do not seem to affect labour productivity at a regional level.
Effective Tools for Improving Employee Feedback during Organizational Change
Authors: Sedej Tanja , Justinek Gorazd
Published: September 2016

Feedback is the fastest and most effective way for organizations to make improvements or get things back on track. Prompt and constructive feedback is strongly linked to employee satisfaction and productivity, and can increase both. During times of change when employees want to be heard and feel involved, it is even more important that the optimal internal communication tools for managing employee feedback are selected. This article tackles these questions and provides fresh empirical data on the selection of internal communication tools in general, with focus then devoted to managing feedback during change from the perspective of a professional communicator. The data evaluated and analyzed was gathered on the basis of research carried out in 2014 among 105 professional communicators of large and medium-sized companies, and was then compared with the results of similar research conducted in 2012.
Globalization as a New Framework for Human Rights Protection
Authors: Navaratnam Reannon , Lee Isabelle Yeeun
Published: September 2016

Human rights protection through globalisation embraces universality by promoting the protection of human rights regardless of human differences including culture, religion, race, language and nationality. In the past however, some nations have denied to accept the key concepts of international social development and the protection of human dignity, through actioning war crimes and governmental intervention on the rights of citizens. Further, Cultural differences and intolerance of these differences, has created conflict in attempting to afford human rights to all individuals of all nations. Globalisation through encompassing various forms in the areas of political globalisation, media and communication, legal development, education, technological advancement and economic development, allows for the development of human rights protection with the consideration of vital social factors. Thus, Globalisation as a new framework for human rights protection has the potential to implement a global standard for all, in an attempt to repair the inadequacies of the past.
Capturing the Gist(s) of Image Sets Associated with Chinese Cities through Related Tags Networks on Flickr®
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: September 2016

To introduce how related tags networks may be extracted from Flickr® and used for “gist” and other analysis, this chapter describes the related tag networks associated with some of the cities of the People's Republic of China (used as seeding terms). The software used for the data extractions (from the Flickr® API) and the creation of various graph visualizations is the free and open-source Network Overview, Discovery and Exploration for Excel (NodeXL Basic), available on Microsoft's CodePlex platform.
Finding Automated (Bot, Sensor) or Semi-Automated (Cyborg) Social Media Accounts Using Network Analysis and NodeXL Basic
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: September 2016

Various research findings suggest that humans often mistake social robot (‘bot) accounts for human in a microblogging context. The core research question here asks whether the use of social network analysis may help identify whether a social media account is fully automated, semi-automated, or fully human (embodied personhood)—in the contexts of Twitter and Wikipedia. Three hypotheses are considered: that automated social media account networks will have less diversity and less heterophily; that automated social media accounts will tend to have a botnet social structure, and that cyborg accounts will have select features of human- and robot- social media accounts. The findings suggest limited ability to differentiate the levels of automation in a social media account based solely on social network analysis alone in the face of a determined and semi-sophisticated adversary given the ease of network account sock-puppetry but does suggest some effective detection approaches in combination with other information streams.
Loss Aversion on the Links
Authors: McFall Todd A.
Published: September 2016

Prospect theory predicts that loss averse agents who fear they will not reach their reference utility level are more apt to adopt risky strategies to avoid that painful possibility compared to agents who are more sure of their relative standing. This paper tests this theory with data from professional golf events and finds evidence of economically inefficient loss aversion amongst tournament competitors. While playing par five holes, golfers who have been penalized because of a poor first shot are more likely to adopt an aggressive strategy for finishing the hole compared to their non-penalized rivals who are not feeling the burden of not meeting a preconceived reference score. The risks the penalized golfers take are economically inefficient, as their average performances are worse than their non-penalized rivals' average performances for the balance of the hole.
When Technology Draws Society
Authors: Belli Simone , Aceros Juan C.
Published: September 2016

The authors present a research based in Spain and carried out between 2011 and 2014 on the social organizations and affective processes involved in social movements. Using extracts from narrative interviews, they explore how participants in social protests cross attachment and technology in order to develop trusting relationships. The way they propose to analyse the issue of trust in social organizations is to examine the discursive construction of the links between the attachment of actors and the use of different technologies. The narrative was recorded in an event that was organised in the city of Madrid in 2014. The analysis is organised in three parts. The first step is to introduce the first approach to constructing the horizontal infrastructure. In the second step, the authors show how good practice stimulates social organizations to create the perfect environment to distribute trust. In the last step, they present technology and society zigzagging together to achieve a common purpose. They consider technology as a marker of the emergence of new forms of cooperation and innovation constructed by shared trust among the actors involved in social organizations. They introduce a specific device, where expert knowledge contributes to the very definition and shaping of the trust within social organizations.
Understanding the Implementation of IT Governance Arrangements and IT Infrastructure Using Actor Network Theory
Authors: Hsbollah Hafizah Mohamad , Simon Alan , Letch Nick
Published: September 2016

The implementation of IT governance (ITG) arrangements and its relationship to IT infrastructure has not received much attention in either the ITG or the information systems (IS) literature. Based on the premise that the foundation on which ITG is implemented lies in the interaction between ITG arrangements of structures, processes and relational mechanisms and IT infrastructure, the authors present a discussion of how actor network theory (ANT) can be used as an overarching theoretical framework of explanation. The authors propose a model of ITG implementation and discuss how ANT, in particular the local/global network approach, can be applied to understand the relationship that exists between ITG arrangements and IT infrastructure.
Improving Moral Behaviour in the Business Use of ICT
Authors: Grant Candace T. , Grant Kenneth A.
Published: September 2016

The 21st century has seen a much-increased focus on the importance of ethical behaviour in business, driven by major scandals, calls for stricter regulation and increased demands for improved governance and reporting. In parallel, there are calls for the incorporation of moral and ethical elements in business education and university accreditation bodies and schools are responding. In particular, the explosion of technology change, particularly Internet, social media and beyond have raised many challenges for individuals, organizations and legislators. However, educational responses are varied and little has been done to determine the effectiveness of what has been done. Most responses to this need to provide ethical education follow a cognitive, rule-based approach, often using case-based techniques. This can improve knowledge and understanding of ethical issues, but it may have limited influence on actual behaviour. A relatively new field – Positive Psychology -- provides an alternate perspective, focusing on what is good rather than what is poor behaviour. One Positive Psychology approach, that of Appreciative Inquiry, which has not previously been used in ICT ethics education, offers a promising technique to develop improved moral attitudes and behaviour. This paper reports on a large-scale pedagogical research project that: (1) examines ethical perspectives from philosophy, psychology and pedagogy in the context of ICT professional education; (2) describes the development and multistage implementation of an ethics course in an undergraduate business ICT program delivered to more than 1,200 students; (3) discusses the formal evaluation of changes in moral attitude following a Positive Psychology intervention in the education of some 300 Business ICT students using the Defining Issues Test, Version 2 (DIT2) and the IMIS Survey developed at the Centre for Computing and Social Responsibility. The project results demonstrate that a well-designed applied ICT ethics course produces measureable positive changes in the ethical stances of participants and that the use of Appreciative Inquiry increases the impact of these changes. In addition to the relevance of the findings for educators they can provide guidance to those in organisations responsible for the ethical behaviour of their ICT employees.
Conceptualization of Educational Persistence within Malaysian Higher Institution
Authors: Mosaku Monsurat Olusola , Ghafar Mohamed Najib Abdul
Published: September 2016

Psychological constructs have been empirically linked to academic performance (as measured by Grade Point Average) and its improvement. Focal amid these psychological constructs are Goal Orientation, Self-Regulated Strategies, Disposition to Persevere and Attention. However, researches have been dedicated on the relationship of a few of these variables to academic performance but have not been examined as a single framework incorporating the theoretical models of all these variables. This study thus investigates a composite integrated model of the above mentioned variables to assess the learning quality of students termed as Educational Persistence. Its attainment warrants the utilization of a questionnaire developmental model. This study conceptualizes Educational Persistence for Malaysian higher education based on Cohen and Swerdlik (2002) questionnaire development model.
Two Ways Interaction between Lower Order Terms of Left Brain and Right Brain Cognitive Style and Relationship between Satisfaction and Turnover Intention
Authors: Busari Abdul Halim , Mughal Yasir Hayat
Published: September 2016

This paper argues that teacher's job satisfaction should also have an impact on turnover intention. In this paper identified teacher's level of job satisfaction and turnover intention of advance learning institutions in the Khyber Pakhtoon Khwa Province of the Pakistan and the moderating effect of the cognitive style. Questionnaires were used to gather the information and 502 completed questionnaires were collected back from the respondents. The questionnaire was comprised of JDI consisting of seven items on job satisfaction, turnover Intention questionnaire consisting of three items and five point Likert scale was used and for cognitive style CSI, the cognitive style index was used, the fourth section was comprised of the open ended questionnaire and fifth section was comprised of demographic variables. Hierarchical multiple regressions have been used to check how much variance satisfaction shows upon turnover intention and also it has been checked that how much variance Analytical and intuition cognitive style shows variance upon satisfaction and turnover intention of advance learning institutions of kpk province of Pakistan. The correlation results taken from bivariate Pearson correlation shows significant results which later on strengthen by the regression results. The regression results show that satisfaction shows variance upon turnover intention, this extended model of job satisfaction will be useful to bring the changes in the academician's satisfaction of Khyber Pakhtoon Khwa province of Pakistan. The findings of this study could be used to guide the advance learning institution's management and professional academicians build targeted learning activities around key components of the academician's job satisfaction, diagnose where people are in their journey, set personalize goals and provide feedback to management in the process of the development of policies for advance learning institutions academician's. In the context of the efficient and effective educational policy, a greater understanding of the academician's job satisfaction could facilitate the development of more effective policy, practice that would increase not only the job satisfaction of the academicians but decrease the turnover intention of the academician's.
International Parity Conditions and the Possible Impact on the International Business Operations
Authors: Gökmen Aytaç , Dinç Dilek Temiz
Published: September 2016

There is not only one currency and an exact predictable parity for each currency in the globe. This makes the accomplishment of international business and trade operations complicated owing to the fact that the mandatory usage of strong currencies in international trade. However, business cycles, alternating macroeconomic variables, political conditions and government interventions impact on the value of currencies and international parity conditions. Turkey is at the convergence of Eurasia and serves as a trade route among many regions. It also derives a considerable part of its GDP from international trade operations. However, the variations in the international trade volume, foreign exchange operations and international parity conditions impact on the economic and commercial potential sweepingly. Thus, the objective of this paper is to review the international business and trade potential of the Republic of Turkey with respect to foreign exchange and international parity conditions depending on credible national and international publications.
Combining Indexing Units for Arabic Information Retrieval
Authors: Ben Guirat Souheila , Bounhas Ibrahim , Slimani Yahya
Published: September 2016

Using either stems or roots as index terms offered considerable performance to Arabic Information Retrieval (IR) systems compared to the use of surface words for indexing. Many comparative works tried to find out the best from these two indexing approaches but until then, no of the two methods widely overtook the other. Each of the two index types performed better under different test circumstances in terms of recall and precision. In this paper, the authors propose a hybrid approach combining the two indexing units in a way they take the advantages from both of them and try to overcome their shortcomings. Then, based on some combining techniques, the authors assign a weight for each indexing unit and try to find out the best weighting values.
Il dibattito in bioetica - Juramento de Hipócrates Implicações éticas e pedagógicas
Authors: Borges de Meneses Ramiro Délio
Published: September 2016

O artigo pretende apresentar a bioética, a ética profissional e seus fundamentos, pelas implicações morais e pedagógicas do Juramento de Hipócrates. ---------- The article pretends to show the bioethics and professional ethics, and your foundations about the morals and pedagogical implications of the Hippocratic Oath.
Considerazioni etiche sul tema della qualità della vita: l’Approccio delle Capacità di Martha Nussbaum
Authors: D’Addelfio Giuseppina
Published: September 2016

Nel presente articolo viene affrontato il tema della qualità della vita. Dopo una breve ricostruzione dell’origine di questa espressione e un esame dei contesti in cui più frequentemente essa ricorre, viene presentato l’Approccio che Amartya Sen e Martha Nussbaum hanno elaborato e su cui continuano a lavorare per misurare la qualità della vita in differenti nazioni: l’approccio delle Capacità. In particolare viene presentata l’elaborazione di Martha Nussbaum con la sua lista delle capacità. Sulla base della sua radice aristotelica, questa lista lascia intravedere un’immagine dell’essere umano come un animale razionale fragile e dipendente, in più momenti della sua vita bisognoso di cure. Dunque per quanto l’autonomia sia considerata una meta significativa da raggiungere e proteggere, essa non diventa l’unico fondamento della dignità dell’uomo. Quest’idea, insieme al tema della deformazione dei desideri e delle aspettative in situazioni di difficoltà, offre interessanti spunti alla riflessione bioetica, configurando l’esigenza di qualità della vita come strettamente legata al riconoscimento del suo intrinseco valore e della sua sacralità. ---------- In this article the author deals with the “Quality of Life” issue. After a brief history of the origin of this expression and an exam of the main contexts in which it is used, the approach that Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum have been shaping, in order to mesure the Quality of Life in different nations - the Capabilities Approach -, is presented. In particular the author focuses on Nussbaum’s account and on her list of capabilities. On the basis of its Aristotelian root, the list shows an idea of human being as a vulnerable and dependent rational animal - so that he/she needs care, in different moments of his/her life. Hence, autonomy is recognized as a valuable thing to pursue and preserve, but it is not considered as the only ground of human dignity. This issue, with the one of the deformation of preferences and expectations due to difficult situations, gives precious suggestions to bioethics. Namely, the istance of the “Quality of Life” is stressed as closely linked with the recognition of its intrinsic value and sacredness.
Un tarlo ai Lincei / A woodworm to the members of the Academy of Lynxes
Authors: Fiori Angelo
Published: September 2016

Non disponibile / Not available
Il dibattito in bioetica - Da Atene a Sparta: siamo tutti in viaggio con Terri Schiavo
Authors: Gigli Gian Luigi
Published: September 2016

Non disponibile / Not available
Adolescenza: scelta di opportunità
Authors: Caso Corrado
Published: September 2016

Non disponibile / Not available
La diagnosi prenatale non invasiva: problematiche bioetiche
Authors: Di Pietro M.L. , Giuli A. , Serebrowska Z.
Published: September 2016

Non disponibile / Not available
Bioetica coherente con la dignidad de la persona sustentada en la libertad responsable animada por una espiritualidad organica
Authors: Lugo Elena
Published: September 2016

Non disponibile / Not available
FIBIP e Internet
Authors: Moltisanti Dino , Cicerone Marina
Published: September 2016

Non disponibile / Not available
Medical trends and its influence in the family and corporeity
Authors: Tarasco Michel Martha
Published: September 2016

Non disponibile / Not available
Il principio di precauzione come presupposto per modificare, sospendere o revocare le autorizzazioni concernenti gli organismi geneticamente modificati nell’Unione Europea
Authors: Tortoreto Daniele
Published: September 2016

Non disponibile / Not available
La prevenzione in andrologia: recenti acquisizioni e nuove prospettive scientifiche ed etiche
Authors: Mancini A. , Festa R. , Grande G. , De Marinis L. , Spagnolo A.G. , Di Pietro M.L.
Published: September 2016

Il concetto di prevenzione si è imposto sempre più nel panorama medico, divenendo elemento centrale della pratica clinica. In andrologia ciò significa sottolineare l’importanza di ridurre le cause di sterilità o disfunzioni nella sfera sessuale, spesso prima che la stessa funzione sessuale abbia inizio. In tale ambito l’intervento avviene su più livelli, comprendendo il singolo, la coppia e l’ambiente. La prevenzione, dunque, è un fondamentale elemento in grado di ridurre l’incidenza della sterilità da causa maschile. La definizione dell’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità indica primariamente come la salute sessuale sia un complesso stato di benessere fisico, emozionale, mentale e sociale, connesso alla sessualità, e non soltanto l’assenza di disfunzioni, malattie o infermità. Occorre, allora, riconsiderare il concetto di prevenzione alla luce di tale visione olistica e personalista della sessualità, sia nell’approccio alla sterilità di coppia, favorendo una maturazione verso una più completa visione della genitorialità e della fecondità, che nel processo di sviluppo dell’identità sessuale, favorendo la maturazione di una personalità autonoma ed aperta alla comunicazione con l’altro. ---------- The concept of prevention become more and more important in the pratical medicine. In andrology it means to reduce the causes of sterility or dysfunctions in the sexual sphere, often before that the same sexual function begins. Within the prevention, the intervention happens on more levels, including the single one, the couple and the background. The prevention, therefore, is fundamental element that can reduce the incidence of sterility from male factor. The definition of the World Health Organization indicates that the sexual health is a complex state of physical, emotional, mental and social well-being in relation to sexuality and not merely the absence of disease, dysfunction or infirmity. It is then necessary to reconsider the prevention under an olistic and personalistic point of view, both in couple sterility, favouring a maturation towards a more complete vision of the being parents and the fecundity, and in the process of development of the sexual identity, promoting the maturation of an autonomous personality open to the communication with the others.
La votazione del Parlamento Europeo relativa alla ricerca sugli embrioni umani / The vote of the European Parliament on the human embryo research
Authors: Sgreccia Elio
Published: September 2016

Non disponibile / Not available
Biologi molecolari: hacker di dati umani? Bioetica e proprietà intellettuale nella ricerca bioinformatica
Authors: Marturano Antonio
Published: September 2016

L’oggetto del presente articolo è quello di studiare i limiti e le sfide dell’analogia tra le attività dei biologi molecolari e quelle degli hacker informatici. Partendo da questa analogia, l’Autore tenta di esplorare i diversi problemi etici e sociali che emergono dalla nuova genetica e dai modi in cui essa viene regolamentata. Viene mostrato in primis il background che giace dietro la proposta analogia tra hacker informatici e biologi molecolari e viene analizzato il senso per cui possiamo parlare di questi ultimi alla stregua di hacker informatici. Ciò dà il destro per analizzare alcune delle tecniche usate dai genetisti. In particolare è analizzato il cosiddetto metodo di sequenziazione Shotgun che spiega perché i biologi molecolari possono essere visti come hacker di dati umani. Infine, l’Autore spiega perché la filosofia Open Source usata in campo informatico potrebbe essere un buon modo per regolamentare la ricerca genetica e farmaceutica. Infatti, la filosofia Open Source darebbe la possibilità di una più equa redistribuzione delle opportunità di ricerca intorno al globo mediante l’accantonamento di regolamentazioni basate sulle licenze e con il ripristino dell’uso dello strumento legale del copyright nel sensibile campo della genetica. ---------- The objective of this research is to study the limits and the challenges of the analogy between molecular geneticists' work and hackers' activities. By focusing on this analogy, the Author aims to explore the different ethical and philosophical issues surrounding new genetics and its intelletual property rights (IPR) regulations. The paper firstly shows the philosophical background lying behind the proposed analogy and analyses the sense in which we can talk of geneticists; in particular, it focuses on the so-called Shotgun method for genomic sequencing. After having provided reasons for the proposed anaogy, the Author claims that the Open source philosophy used in the computer field would be a good way to regulate research in the genetics and in pharmaceutical field too. The Open source philosophy would provide fair distribution of research opportunities around the globe with the shift from patenting to copyright in sensitive fields such as genetics.
Per un rapporto di buon vicinato tra economia sanitaria e bioetica
Authors: Sacchini Dario , Refolo Pietro
Published: September 2016

Il chiarimento del rapporto tra economia ed etica svolto lungo un asse cronologico suggerisce come le idee, risalenti alla cultura positivista e neo economica volta al recupero della sola efficienza e intesa come “avalutativa”, rappresentino un modo obsoleto di concepirla e siano a oggi tendenzialmente superate. Il contributo mostra, in particolare, come a partire dagli anni ’60 del XX secolo inizi a farsi strada anche in economia (in corrispondenza di un ridimensionamento della “legge di Hume” in ambito filosofico e della conseguente apertura delle scienze sociali all’etica) l’idea della necessità di una sua apertura all’etica e di una maggiore considerazione delle istanze relative all’equità. Da qui l’auspicio, che l’articolo esprime, di una maggiore apertura dell’economia sanitaria ai discorsi etici e l’invito a una sua più stretta collaborazione con la bioetica. Una maggiore considerazione da parte dell’economia sanitaria dei consistenti contributi che, fin dal suo momento costitutivo, la bioetica ha prodotto sul tema dell’”etica dell’allocazione delle risorse scarse in sanità” faciliterebbe, infatti, l’individuazione in materia distributiva di un punto di convergenza (un trade-off) tra le istanze economiche e quelle etiche, rappresentato dal valore-persona. ---------- The explanation of the relationship between economics and ethics developed along a chronological axle suggests that, going back to positivistic and neo-positivistic culture, the ideas both of a separation between the two disciplines and of an economic science - only directed to the recovery of the efficiency and intended as avaluational matter - represents an obsolete way to conceive it and today this position is basically outdated. Particularly, the paper shows, as beginning from the ‘60s of the XX century, the ideas of the necessity of an opening of economics towards ethics and of a greater consideration of the appeals to equity begins to clear a way also through economics (in correspondence of a re-evaluation of the “Hume’s law” in philosophical area and of the consequent opening of the social sciences to the ethics). From here, the article expresses the auspice of a greater opening of the health economics to the ethical reflection and the invitation to a closer collaboration with the bioethics. A great consideration from health economics of the substantial contributions that - since the birth of bioethics - were produced on the theme of the ethics of the healthcare resources allocation would facilitate, in fact, the individualization in distributive matter of a point of convergence (trade-off) between the economical and ethical appeals on the value of the human person as a whole.
Il caso Welby, i medici, i pesi e le misure / The Welby's case, physicians, weights and measures
Authors: Fiori Angelo
Published: September 2016

Non disponibile / Not available
Qualità medica e governo multistakeholder delle strutture sanitarie Verso la post-aziendalizzazione
Authors: Zamagni Stefano
Published: September 2016

Il saggio sviluppa la seguente tesi: il processo di aziendalizzazione in atto dagli anni ’90 mentre è valso a migliorare significativamente la performance delle strutture sanitarie sul fronte di un uso più razionale delle risorse, non è riuscito a sciogliere appieno il nodo del buon governo clinico. E ciò a causa di una fondamentale asimmetria di poteri tra medico e direttore generale. Il saggio argomenta a favore sia di un modello di governo multistakeholder delle strutture sanitarie sia della valorizzazione delle motivazioni intrinseche rispetto a quella degli schemi di incentivo. ---------- The paper defends the following thesis: the process of managerialization started in Italy during the ’90s has considerably improved the economic performance of health structures, but it did not succeed to modify for the better the clinical governance. The main reason lies in a fundamental asymmetry between the general director and the physician: the former being a single agent, the latter a double agent. The paper speaks in favour of a multistakeholder model of governance and a rational valorization of intrinsic motivations within the medical profession.
Senza famiglia / Without family
Authors: Fiori Angelo
Published: September 2016

Non disponibile / Not available
Problemi morali nel trattamento della preeclampsia e della corioamnionite
Authors: Faggioni Maurizio P.
Published: September 2016

Fra le patologie della gravidanza la corioamnionite e la preeclampsia rappresentano situazioni difficili sia dal punto di vista clinico sia dal punto di vista etico. L’articolo affronta con particolare attenzione il problema dell’anticipazione del parto prima che il feto abbia raggiunto la soglia della viabilità. Vengono esaminate le posizioni principali della Tradizione cattolica e le risposte a specifici quesiti date dal Sant’Uffizio tra la fine del XIX secolo e l’inizio del XX. L’Autore ritiene che l’applicazione del principio del duplice effetto a queste situazioni non sia del tutto convincente e propone una soluzione alternativa nella individuazione del solo bene possibile. ---------- Chorioamnionitis and preeclampsy represent difficult situations among pregnancy pathologies both from a clinical and from an ethical point of view. The article treats with particular attention the issue of induced preterm parturition before fetus has reached the threshold of viability. The main positions of the Catholic Tradition and the answers given by the Holy Office at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th are examined. The author believes that the application of the principle of double effect to such situations is non completely convincing and he proposes as an alternative solution the identification of the only possible good.
La consulenza genetica in Italia: problemi, regole di consenso informato, trattamento dei dati genetici e privacy
Authors: Casini Marina , Sartea Claudio
Published: September 2016

Il contributo presenta una sintetica disamina di alcune delle questioni più rilevanti nell’ambito della consulenza genetica, dell’informazione e del consenso, della tutela della privacy in ordine al trattamento dei dati genetici, alle loro modalità di raccolta e conservazione degli stessi nonché in ordine alle loro modalità di comunicazione e diffusione. Si tratta sicuramente di uno degli ambiti di studio più complessi e densi. Esso nasce, come osservano gli Autori, dalla necessità di armonizzare le grandi promesse della ricerca genetica con l’esigenza di non ledere i diritti fondamentali della persona. Tale esigenza è particolarmente intensa poiché un uso inappropriato dei dati genetici, la loro incontrollabile divulgazione, o un accesso indebito da parte di terzi, possono danneggiare gravemente – sia sotto il profilo professionale, sia nella vita di relazione – il soggetto da cui provengono le informazioni. L’argomento viene trattato esaminando fonti normative e documenti attinenti soprattutto all’ordinamento giuridico italiano, ma non mancano riferimenti a normative comunitarie e internazionali. ---------- The contribution offers a synthetic examination of some of the most remarkable questions within genetic advice, information and consent, privacy protection for genetic data processing, formalities of collection and maintenance as well as for formalities of communication and diffusion of data. It is of course one of the more complex and dense circles of study. As the Authors observes - it derives from the necessity to harmonize the great promises of genetic research with the demand of the respect of human rights. Such demand is particularly intense since an inadequate use of genetic data, their uncontrollable spreading or an undue access to data from a third party, may seriously damage - both under the professional profile, and within the relational life - the subject from which information originate. The matter is dealt examining normative sources and documents connected above all to the Italian legal system, but there are references to community and international commumnity.
RU486 / RU486
Authors: Fiori Angelo
Published: September 2016

Non disponibile / Not available
Informazione, consenso e comunicazione nella raccolta di cellule staminali emopoietiche da sangue periferico
Authors: Conti Adelaide , Delbon Paola , Almici Camillo , Marini Mirella
Published: September 2016

Gli Autori intendono svolgere alcune riflessioni riguardo a informazione, consenso e comunicazione nella relazione paziente/donatore – medici nell’ambito della raccolta di cellule staminali emopoietiche da sangue periferico. Lo studio, prospettico ha coinvolto 73 pazienti/donatori “candidati” per la raccolta aferetica di cellule staminali emopoietiche da sangue periferico e si è sviluppato attraverso la somministrazione di due questionari (paziente/donatore – medico). I dati raccolti rivelano l’instaurazione di una relazione di confidenzialità tra i soggetti coinvolti nello studio e i medici; i pazienti e i donatori risultano aver ricevuto un’informazione chiara e aver avuto l’opportunità di rivolgere ai medici ulteriori domande, ad esempio in relazione alle modalità della raccolta, alle finalità del trattamento stesso, alla conservazione delle cellule staminali, e alla riservatezza dei dati personali Gli Autori prendono inoltre in considerazione gli aspetti etici e medico – legali correlati alla raccolta di cellule staminali emopoietiche da sangue periferico in caso di paziente minore. ---------- The Authors intend to make some considerations about information, consent and communication in patient/donor-physicians relationship, related to peripheral blood stem cell collection. The prospective study was carried on 73 patients interested in peripheral blood stem cell collection and it developed through the administration of two different questionnaires (physician-patient/donor). Data obtained show the establishment of a confidence relationship among the subject involved in the study and physicians; patient and donors received a clear information and had the opportunity to ask further questions to the physicians, in particular related to the terms of stem cell collection, to the purpose of the treatment itself, to the preservation of stem cells, and to the protection of personal data. The Authors paid attention to ethical and medico-legal aspects of haematopoietic stem cell collection when the patient is a minor.