bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of a Monthly Unconditional Cash Transfer on Children’s Development at Four Years of Age: A Randomized Controlled Trial in the U.S.
Authors: Noble Kimberly G. , Magnuson Katherine , Duncan Greg J. , Gennetian Lisa A. , Yoshikawa Hirokazu , Fox Nathan , Halpern-Meekin Sarah , Troller-Renfree Sonya V. , Han Sangdo , Egan-Dailey Shannon , Nelson Timothy , Nelson Jennifer M , Black Sarah , Georgieff Michael D. , Karhson Debra
Published: December 2024

Developmental differences between children growing up in poverty and their higher-income peers are frequently reported. However, the extent to which such differences are caused by differences in family income is unclear. To study the causal role of income on children’s development, the Baby’s First Years randomized control trial provided families with monthly unconditional cash transfers. One thousand racially and ethnically diverse mothers with incomes below the U.S. federal poverty line were recruited from postpartum wards in 2018-19, and randomized to receive either $333/month or $20/month for the first several years of their children’s lives. After the first four years of the intervention (n=891), we find no statistically significant impacts of the cash transfers on four preregistered primary outcomes (language, executive function, social-emotional problems, and high-frequency brain activity) nor on three secondary outcomes (visual processing/spatial perception, pre-literacy, maternal reports of developmental diagnoses). Possible explanations for these results are discussed.
Machine Learning or Human Education? Thoughts and Data on Artificial Intelligence and the Labor Market: Economic Sociological Aspects of Career Orientation
Authors: Keszi Roland
Published: December 2024

The economic trends reviewed in this paper will play a prominent role in the labor market of the near future with the exponential growth of the uptake of artificial intelligence applications. The author reviews some of the megatrends related to the economic and social aspects of artificial intelligence from the demand side of the labor market, based on recent macroeconomic data sources, empirical research and forecasts. The main approach of the study is a secondary analysis of macroeconomic and survey sociological data based on a synthesis of literature reviews. The only exception to this methodological approach is a simple combination of network analysis and natural language processing (NLP) in the first part of the study, which is based entirely on the author’s own web scraping-based data collection and calculations. The trends under review directly affect the employees of the present day and are currently prominent in companies’ recruitment processes, i.e. they should be seen as an intensely present pattern on the demand side of the labor market. Some dangerous labor market and economic sociological megatrends are also reviewed in the paper. The author also draws attention to some of the striking trends that are expected in connection with the transformation of occupational structures and labor market polarization. The article reviews – from the demand side of the labor market – the skills and competences that are expected to increase and to which career guidance practitioners should pay particular attention in the coming years.
Participatív innováció és az egész életutat támogató pályaorientáció
Authors: Cserti-Szauer Csilla , Sándor Anikó , Bánfalvy Csaba
Published: December 2024

One of the most important achievements of the human rights model is that people with disabilities might have an ex-post opinion about decisions on their lives, but can also create the framework, the specific content according to their own preferences. Participatory innovation is one of the available pathways in this development; a process where disabled and non-disabled actors research, develop and create innovative products and services for their communities as equal actors. In this paper, we show what we mean by the process of participatory innovation and how this theoretical concept can be applied in a very practice- oriented field of special education, in the development of lifelong guidance services. Finally, we come back to the theoretical concept of participatory innovation, the model of which we propose to develop with the aspect of strengthening empowerment and empowering environment.
Category «grass-roots» and Ukrainian music of the 19th century
Authors: Dubrovnyi Taras
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the study. Actuality of theme. In a detailed analysis of samples of domestic artistic production of the mentioned period, we are convinced that the general level of musical creativity also does not always fit into the generally recognized levels of quality, going beyond the usual delineations of the categories of "high", "low" and "grassroots" art. On the one hand, it is objectively connected with socio-cultural circumstances that did not contribute to the achievement of the level of "high" samples, equivalent to the Western European culture of the time, and on the other hand, in terms of its semantic and substantive content, it does not quite correspond to the next "low" level context At the same time, the category of "grassroots" etymologically has a mostly pejorative, underestimation of artistic creativity as undeveloped and, accordingly, carries negative semantics.
The main objective of the study due to the expansion of the terminological compendium, adjust the established assessments of musical works, objectifying them as much as possible. The object of analysis for terminological clarification and categorical expansion was the composer's works, which were based on folklore elements. The subject of the research is works intended for daily use, salon, home music-making of the 19th century.
The methodology are related to the main purpose of the research and rely on the historicalgenetic, socio-cultural and national context.
Results and conclusions. So, we believe that the term Grassroots proposed by us to characterize examples of musical culture at both the amateur and professional levels expands the musicological thesaurus and emphasizes the qualitative aspects of national art, the basis of which is the ethnic, folklore principle. In music, a sign of belonging to the grass-roots can be considered to rely on metrorhythmic, modal and melodic foundations, as well as on the verbal content of a folk song. Focusing, first of all, on the social and national dimensions, grass-roots can be differentiated according to the "high" and/or "grassroots" levels of culture, while observing the main principle - reliance on folklore national sources with a characteristic "bottom-up" initiative. At the same time, grass-roots art exists as a separate level between "grassroots" and "high" styles. Musical samples of grass-roots art, due to the possession of the qualities of a high style and, at the same time, due to the simplification of certain elements of musical expression, are usually aimed at a wide, democratic audience and are accessible for understanding and perception.
Callas phenomenon
Authors: Drach Iryna
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the study. The 100th anniversary of the birth of Maria Callas became an occasion to look at the world of opera through the prism of her talent and artistic destiny, to pay attention to the presence of her image in modern culture, to reconsider life lessons in art left by the "diva century".
The main objective of the study is to reveal the semantic structure of the almost limitless discourse about the great opera singer through certain aspects of the coverage of the "Kallas phenomenon" in modern culture.
The methodology includes ideas and musical-analytical approaches to the coverage of the stage practice of M. Cherkashina-Gubarenko, considerations of phenomenologists, in particular certain provisions of R. Barthes's "practical mythology", M. Foucault's "archeology of knowledge", M. Dolar's "phonocentrism" (2022), which are included in the framework of the holistic-integrative method developed by A. Samoylenko.
Results and conclusions. Maria Callas (1923 - 1977) is considered as a key figure in the renewal of the operatic tradition. On the basis of published materials, research and audio sources, an attempt is made to understand the vectors of thematization of her life and creativity in the space of modern culture. Confidence in the public consciousness of the cultural phenomenon La Divina, which marked the emergence of the singer in the "big time" of history as an actor of symbolic significance, can be traced from the fixation and acceptance of the characteristic features of her voice (interpreted in Western culture as a metaphor for the "self" of the human personality) through the identification of a dominant intentions in the interpretations of opera parts (which explains the specificity of individual and personal accents in the performance of this or that role) to the establishment of markers of her public image in the mass communication system and, ultimately, the definition of the semantic load that the modern myth of Callas assumes. These interconnected aspects of the coverage of the "Callas phenomenon" made it possible to reveal the semantic structure of the almost limitless discourse about the great opera singer, diagnosing the presence of a certain thematic core in it, which is actually identified with the archetypal "signs" of the opera - the images of la innamorata and la abbandonata. The tension that arises between these existentials personifies the artistic individuality of M. Callas. Her virtuoso balancing between these "modes of being" on stage, in private and public life, on the one hand, as an object of various reflections/receptions, ensures the integrity and self-identity of the "Kallas phenomenon" in all its manifestations, on the other hand, he asks the general frame in which the essence of the opera as such is revealed.
Relationship between sleep quality, sleep duration, heart rate, and step counts in young adults
Authors: Arıkan Halime , Kara Alanur
Published: December 2024

It was aimed to explore the connections among sleep quality, heart rate, sleep duration, quality of life, and step count in young adults. The study involved 116 young adults, comprising 61 women and 55 men. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and sleep duration, heart rate, step count, and energy expenditure were monitored with the Fitbit® Inspire 2. Quality of life was evaluated using the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) Questionnaire. Correlation analysis was performed using either Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis. The study found no significant relationships between sleep quality, sleep duration, heart rate, and step count (p< 0.05). A very strong positive correlation was found between sleep score and both time asleep (r = 0.730) and REM sleep (r = 0.743), as well as a strong correlation with deep sleep (r = 0.454). Time asleep had very strong positive correlations with REM sleep (r = 0.611) and light sleep (r = 0.782), and strong correlations with awake time (r = 0.438) and deep sleep (r = 0.466). Awake time and light sleep also showed a strong correlation (r = 0.585). Additionally, step count was strongly correlated with energy expenditure (r = 0.519), and a very strong correlation was observed between the section 1 score of the NHP and the PSQI (r = 0.649). These outcomes underscore the complex interplay between sleep and physical activity and emphasize the importance of considering multiple factors when assessing health and quality of life.
Fibrina rica em plaquetas na clínica cirúrgica veterinária
Authors: Adami Nayara de Souza Dettmann , Silva Milena de Carvalho , Silva Iamylle do Carmo e
Published: December 2024

Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a blood product that is part of the second generation of platelet concentrates, being a platelet-derived product (PDP), a technique initiated more than 60 years ago. It is a type of regenerative medicine that originated in Human Medicine, but can also be used in Veterinary Medicine, such as in reconstructive surgery. PRF is a biomaterial with tissue regenerative potential, which occurs because it contains high concentrations of growth factors, cytokines and leukocyte platelet content, acting in healing and wound closure, and enabling angiogenesis and osteogenesis. The objective of this review was to provide current information on the use of PRF in Veterinary Medicine, in addition to its applicability related to the execution of the technique, the need for equipment and economic aspects. In the literature review, publications from the last fifteen years were analyzed, but pre-existing initial works were also evaluated. The autologous or xenologous use of PRF in corneal lesions has been cited, both in dogs and cats. The use of PDPs in dogs with corneal lesions showed satisfactory results according to the literature and, in cats, it was reported as a good alternative in the treatment of deep corneal ulcers. Other applications consisted mainly of skin injuries and bone healing, in addition to a report of successful surgical repair of chronic oronasal fistula.
Cricketing Insights Unveiled: Python-Based Information Extraction from IPL
Authors:   Department of General Education (Computer Science), Bahria University Health Sciences Campus, Karachi, Pakistan, Bashir Kubra , Maroof Afsheen ,   College of Computing and Information Sciences, Karachi Institute of Economics and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan, Maqbool Fatima ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Institute of Business Management, Karachi, Pakistan, Bashir Kiran ,   Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan, Hassan Syeda Iqra ,   University of Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian Institute (BMI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: December 2024

In today’s data-driven world, the importance of data analytics is growing exponentially. Data analysis aims to extract valuable insights from large datasets and facilitate informed decision-making. It plays a pivotal role across various fields, including healthcare, business, education, sports, and entertainment. Utilizing data science and Python programming, this study delves into analyzing raw IPL data to uncover actionable insights. Cricket holds a special place in the hearts of fans worldwide. This article focuses on extracting meaningful insights from raw IPL data compiled in Excel sheets, encompassing details like team performance, seasons, match dates, venues, players, toss outcomes, and umpire decisions. Each attribute was meticulously analyzed to derive insights that can aid in predicting match outcomes and enhancing player performance.
Perceptual Analysis of Tone Mapping Operators
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, DHA Suffa University, Karachi, Pakistan, Sosan Raazia , Qureshi M. Hamza ,   Department of Computer Science, DHA Suffa University, Karachi, Pakistan, Bashir M. Zukhruf ,   Department of Computer Science, DHA Suffa University, Karachi, Pakistan, Hussain Ahmad ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, DHA Suffa University, Karachi, Pakistan, Islam Naz ,   Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, USA
Published: December 2024

Tone mapping is a crucial step in rendering, as it maps the High Dynamic Range (HDR) images to a Lower Dynamic Range (LDR) for display on standard devices. In this research, we address the challenge of selecting the most appropriate Tone Mapping Operator (TMO) based on perceptual differences, which are essential for achieving visually aesthetic and physically plausible images. In this article, we evaluate several existing TMOs using two novel perceptual parameters: Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) and Color Difference Formula (CIEDE2000). By utilizing these novel parameters, we aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of the performance of various TMOs under different scenarios. Our experimental results reveal significant variations in the performance of the evaluated tone mapping operators. Some operators exhibit superior performance in preserving structural information and color accuracy, while others may excel in certain specific scenarios. By shedding light on the perceptual differences among the evaluated tone mapping operators, this article facilitates the effective utilization of tone mappers for achieving desired visual outcomes. Additionally, the proposed SSIM and CIEDE2000 metrics serve as valuable tools for future research and benchmarking in the field of image processing.
Quantitative Indicator for Objective Assessment of Software Process Quality and Performance
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan, Mannan Muhammad Adeel , Khan Jahangir ,   Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan, Zafar Hira ,   Faculty of Management Sciences, Khadim Ali Shah Bukhari (KASB) Institute of Technology Karachi, Pakistan
Published: December 2024

A company's software production and product quality can be improved by evaluating the software development process. Artefact inspection is one example of a flawed traditional method that relies on manual qualitative evaluations and is time-consuming, constrained by authority, and frequently subjective. To address these limitations, this study introduces an innovative, semi-automatic method for assessing software processes, leveraging machine learning techniques. We define the problem as a sequence classification challenge that can be effectively tackled using machine learning algorithms. Building on this framework, we develop a new quantitative metric for the objective evaluation of software process efficiency and quality. To validate the effectiveness of our approach, we apply it to evaluate the defect management procedures employed in four real-world industrial software projects. Our empirical findings demonstrate that our method is effective and has the potential to deliver reliable, quantitative evaluations of software processes.
An Enhanced Text Steganography Technique (SHA-Logic): Based on Conditional Logic and SHA-3 (Secure Hash Algorithm 3)
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering and Technology Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda, Michelle Kisakye Diana , Gilibrays Ocen Gilbert ,   Faculty of Engineering and Technology Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda, Godfrey Odongtoo ,   Faculty of Engineering and Technology Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda
Published: December 2024

Text steganography is a method used to hide confidential messages in a message's text without arousing suspicion. This technique has been used in the past, from ancient Greece's scytale tool to modern methods such as Lempel-Ziv-Welch compression and Reflection Symmetry. As digital data continues to be transmitted between devices, it is vulnerable to attack, making text steganography an essential tool for securing data. Over the years, various techniques have been used to achieve this, including substitution, modification, and embedding techniques. However, text steganography still presents challenges, such as easy detection and the trade-off between hiding capacity and quality of the covered medium. Cryptography has been suggested to improve security by encrypting the original message into a cypher text. However, it cannot withstand the advancements in technology that can break cryptographic methods. Therefore, combining cryptography and steganography is always advisable because steganography increases the security of the carrier message as encryption (Cryptography) provides confidentiality. This study explores the various techniques used in text steganography and the challenges present in them to develop a high hiding capacity, robust, and high-quality covered medium text steganography technique that combines both Steganography and Cryptography using a condition Logic and Secure Hashing algorithm.
Harnessing AI for Enhanced Weather Prediction: A Focus on Rainfall
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Iqra University, Karachi, Pakistan., Farman Hira , Islam Noman ,   Department of Computer Science, Iqra University, Karachi, Pakistan, Hasany Noman ,   Department of Software Engineering, Karachi Institute of Economics and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
Published: December 2024

Natural distasters such as landslides, heat waves, storms, tsunamis, floods, earthquakes, and droughts endanger the lives of thousands of people worldwide. Flooding is one of the most catastrophic difficulties that natural catastrophes may cause. It has serious consequences, including growing death rates, health issues, and economic deadlock. These are all the outcomes of the circumstance. Flooding is one of the effects of excessive rainfall, demonstrating the need of precisely forecasting the quantity of rainfall that will fall. Existing models may struggle to reflect the dynamic and complicated character of meteorological systems, making it challenging to build effective flood protection techniques and predict accurate rainfall. The abstract simply outlines the paper’s goal of constructing a durable rainfall prediction model based on a single classifier and the stacking method. The paper uses historical weather data ranging from 2000 to 2023, and the data source includes different regions in Pakistan. The goal is to maximize the level of predicted events to include rainfall cases. The primary objective of study is to design and evaluate single and combine machine learning models, a stacking approach to forecast rainfall in Pakistan. The study will compare the accuracy and reliability of SCADA ((Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) to the benchmark for the specific area in question which will reveal the best prediction method. The stacking model method seemed to be less optimal as the results derived from it were not as satisfactory as the ones achieved by the individual modelsAmong all the algorithms experimented with in this work, the best one was AdaBoost. It had an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.999 and almost 99% classification accuracy of the results. It was nearly as good as the others at distinguishing between rainy and dry, according to the recall and F1 scores, which were between 0.95 and 0.999.Further, K-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) also produced excellent results, specifically in terms of AUC, where the algorithm achieved 0.941, as well as precision with a score of 0.817. In the final analysis, these developments may lead to improved methods for disaster preparedness and mitigation, lessening the destructive effects of floods on areas that are already at risk.
MODELING THE PHENOMENON OF ULTRASONIC WAVE PROPAGATION IN SELECTED FLUIDS USING COMSOL – A CASE STUDY
Authors: Nowak Konrad W. , Wielkopolan Agata
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to model the propagation of acoustic waves with frequencies in the ultrasound range in three selected fluids. Ultrasonic wave propagation in the studied fluids was tested in a laboratory to validate the model. The laboratory tests involved simple measurements of the time of flight of an ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 5 MHz in fluids with different parameters: demineralized water, rapeseed oil, and gelatinized potato starch colloid. In the second part of the study, the COMSOL Multiphysics program was used to develop a model of ultrasonic wave propagation in the same fluids. The model was developed using the Transient analysis type in the Pressure Acoustics application mode of the Acoustics Module. The modeling results were somewhat different from those obtained in laboratory tests; therefore, they did not meet the research assumptions in this stage of research. The limitations of the presented model were discussed. The study demonstrated that medium density was a parameter that exerted the greatest influence on the modeling process.
The use of sewage sludge in anaerobic digestion: formation, properties, and implementation
Authors: Pilarska Agnieszka , Kałuża Tomasz , Pawlak Maciej , Kalupa Tomasz
Published: December 2024

The effect of municipal wastewater treatment, in addition to improving its quality, is sludge formation. Disposal of sewage sludge (SS) is a critical environmental problem that requires careful management. Under current legislation, SS represents waste requiring stabilisation to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms and substances potentially harmful to the environment. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an efficient method of treating SS, and it produces biogas as a renewable energy source (RES). The efficiency of the process can be increased by combining SS with other organic wastes as cosubstrates. Therefore, AD allows for a twofold benefit crucial for sustainable waste and energy management, i.e. sludge stabilisation and biogas production. Another equally important consideration in the construction of biogas plants at wastewater treatment plants is reducing the plant's operating costs by using the electricity and heat generated in the cogeneration units for the plant's needs. This paper discusses the formation technology and properties of sewage sludge, the legal aspects of using and disposing of SS, the conditions for employing their anaerobic biodegradation, and the co-digestion systems used.
Комп’ютерна обробка даних у психологічних дослідженнях (Лабораторний практикум): навчальний посібник
Authors:   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Шахіна Ірина
Published: December 2024

У навчальному посібнику основна увага приділена висвітленню матеріалів для проведення лабораторних робіт із дисципліни «Комп’ютерна обробка даних у психологічних дослідженнях» для бакалаврів галузі знань 05 Соціальні та поведінкові науки за спеціальністю 053 Психологія. Зміст посібника охоплює питання використання комп’ютерних технологій у всіх напрямках роботи психолога, можливості здійснення за необхідності своєї професійної діяльності у дистанційному форматі, поглиблення системи
знань про статистику і практичну реалізацію навичок щодо статистичного оброблення інформації в психологічних дослідженнях. У посібнику також наведено структуру навчальної дисципліни, розподіл навчального часу, тематичний план, вимоги щодо рівня знань і вмінь, критерії оцінювання знань студентів, розподіл балів, які отримують студенти, завдання для самостійного опрацювання, питання для підсумкового контролю знань
студентів, додатки, глосарій, список джерел для вивчення дисципліни, ресурси Інтернет. Використані методи навчання сприятимуть розвитку творчої особистості студентів, допоможуть закріпити, поглибити та систематизувати знання, одержані під час занять з предмету «Комп’ютерна обробка даних у психологічних дослідженнях», допоможуть набуттю практичних навичок використання статистичних пакетів працювання інформації. Вивчення дисципліни дає підґрунтя для подальшого використання комп’ютерної техніки у численних спеціальних методах вивчення та аналізу інформації.
Навчальний посібник буде корисним студентам педагогічних закладів освіти. Стане в пригоді викладачам ЗВО, вчителям ЗЗСО, ЗПТО, методистам, магістрантам, аспірантам, докторантам.
Історія мистецтв у контексті світової культури Т.1
Authors:   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Москвічова Юлія
Published: December 2024

Навчально-методичний посібник містить широкий комплекс матеріалів курсу “Історія мистецтв” для студентів закладів вищої освіти України; охоплює детальний виклад лекційно-теоретичного масиву, використану та рекомендовану літературу, контрольні запитання та тестові завдання для самоперевірки студентів, широкий ілюстративний матеріал, інформативний глосарій, теми для індивідуальних навчально-дослідних завдань. У посібнику розкрито зміст всіх історичних періодів розвитку провідних культурних регіонів світу, що включає характеристику найважливіших здобутків у літературі, архітектурі, образотворчому мистецтві, освіті, театрі тощо. Основна увага зосереджена на знакових історичних постатях і видатних діячах мистецтва різних країн світу, світоглядних уявленнях та стильових характеристиках кожної конкретної епохи.
Projects and Project Temporalities
Authors: Graan Andrew , Rommel Carl
Published: December 2024

The project form – a goal-driven approach to resource allocation and task coordination – is one of the most widespread organisational technologies in the world today. Significantly, projects are pervasive organisers of time. They tether activity to schedules. They entail social synchronisations and disruptions. They presuppose particular temporal imaginaries – for example, time as partible and progressive – that mediate action. This introduction examines how the temporalities of the project form organise, animate, complicate and condition social dynamics. In surveying the contributions to this special issue, we highlight how the project form's figuration of time grounds three modalities of normative power: projects as a model of purposive human agency; projects as a form of temporal containment; and projects as an ideal of action and futurity that linger long after their ostensible completion.

La forme de projet − une façon d'aborder l'attribution des ressources et la coordination des tâches qui sont déterminées par les objectifs − est une des technologies d'organisation les plus répandues dans le monde d'aujourd'hui. Il est significatif que les projets constituent des organisateurs pénétrants de temps. Ils attachent l'activité à un calendrier. Les projets impliquent des synchronisations sociales ainsi que des perturbations. Ils présupposent que des conceptions temporelles particulières − par exemple, le temps comme partible et progressif − servent de médiateurs d'action. Cette introduction examine comment les temporalités de la forme de projet organisent, animent, compliquent et conditionnent la dynamique sociale. En contemplant les travaux de recherche dans ce dossier, nous soulignons comment la configuration du temps dans la forme de projet fonde trois modalités de pouvoir normatif : les projets comme un modèle d'intermédiaire humain et résolu ; les projets comme une forme de contenant temporal ; et les projets comme un idéal d'action et d'avenir qui ont des répercussions à long terme après leur conclusion apparente.
Landmine Clearance, or the Promise of a Project without End
Authors: Jones Deborah A.
Published: December 2024

It is said that for each year of armed conflict, a decade is needed to clean up the explosive remnants of war. What does it mean to imagine a project of such duration? In landmine removal, what is theoretically temporary work can start to look permanent. Tracking the efforts of a prominent humanitarian de-mining organisation, the British–American HALO Trust, in then-government-controlled eastern Ukraine, I show how clearance both follows project logic as well as upends two key assumptions of the project form: that projects have ends and that they have results. I demonstrate ethnographically how Ukrainians working for HALO approached de-mining as a project of unclear duration, finding both horror and promise in the protracted timeline. Nevertheless, I conclude that the idea of a project without end is a fallacy because the supportive structures that enable the project may evaporate at any moment.

On dit que pour chaque année de conflit armé, il faut une décennie pour nettoyer les vestiges explosifs de la guerre. Qu'est-ce que ça veut dire d'imaginer un projet de telle durée ? Pendant le déminage d'un champ de bataille, ce qui est envisagé théoriquement comme un travail temporaire peut, petit à petit, ressembler à un travail permanent. Cet article examine les efforts d'une association humanitaire qui joue un rôle de premier plan dans le déminage : le britannique-américain Trust HALO. L'association humanitaire a poursuit son activité dans l'Ukraine de l'est, autrefois sous le contrôle du gouvernement ukrainien. Nous expliquons comment le déminage adhère à la logique du projet et, en même temps, renverse deux suppositions principales de la forme de projet : l'idée que les projets ont conclusions et l'idée que les projets ont des résultats. En s'appuyant sur l'ethnographie, nous montrons comment les Ukrainiens qui travaillent pour le trust HALO ont abordé le déminage comme un projet de duration indéterminée. Les travailleurs se sont ressentis à la fois de l'horreur et de l'espoir en face d'un calendrier de longue durée. Néanmoins, nous concluons que l'idée d'un projet sans fin est fallacieuse parce que les structures de soutènement qui permettent l'avancement du projet pourraient disparaître à tout moment.
Imperial Infinity, Project Futurity and Clockwork Discipline
Authors: Uusihakala Katja
Published: December 2024

This article examines a British migration project – which sent select children to colonial Southern Rhodesia between 1946 and 1962 – in order to analyse dissonant temporalities in projects of social engineering. The article focuses on three of the several complex and at times incompatible temporalities animated and juxtaposed by the project. First, it discusses ‘imperial infinity’ as the political temporality that framed the project. As ‘imperial investments’, the children were a means to securing colonial continuity well beyond project time. Second, it considers how temporal logics of social projects presuppose a rupture with the past, foregrounding their rationale of futurity. Finally, the article examines the sense of time of the migrant child placed in an institution, highlighting its clockwork discipline and spatiotemporal standstill. Through this case, the article reflects on antagonistic temporalities within social projects, as well as their long-lasting political repercussions.

Cet article examine un projet britannique de migration − l'envoi des enfants triés sur le volet en Rhodésie coloniale du sud de 1946 à 1962 − afin d'analyser des temporalités dissonantes dans les projets d'ingénierie sociale. L'article focalise sur trois temporalités complexes et parfois incompatibles qui sont animées et juxtaposées par le projet. Premièrement, nous abordons ‘l'infinité impériale’ comme la temporalité politique qui a encadré le projet. Les enfants, considérés comme des ‘investissements impériales’, ont servi à sécuriser la continuité coloniale au-delà du temps prescrit pour le projet. Deuxièmement, nous examinons comment la logique temporale de projets sociaux présuppose une rupture avec le passé, pour mettre en avant leur logique d'avenir. En guise de conclusion, nous considérons le sens du temps chez l'enfant migrant, placé dans un établissement, pour souligner le discipline mécanique et l'arrêt spatio-temporel. Au travers ce cas d’étude, nous réfléchissons sur des temporalités antagonistes au cœur des projets sociaux ainsi que leurs répercussions politiques durables.
Rethinking Existentialism
Authors: Webber Jonathan
Published: December 2024

This article is a response to critiques of my book Rethinking Existentialism in this symposium. It begins with a reflection on the nature of this discussion. Then it reformulates Eshleman's ‘bridge problem’ to defend my view that eudaimonist arguments cannot establish that we ought to respect freedom. Next, it shows how my interpretation of Beauvoir's argument for authenticity can incorporate Kirkpatrick's reading of Beauvoir's ethics. Then it uses Romdenh-Romluc's description of Fanon's therapeutic methodology to present a comparative reading of Fanon and Sartre, followed by an argument that Romdenh-Romluc's reading of Fanon can be incorporated into my interpretation to the benefit of both. The penultimate section incorporates Beauvoir's theory of femininity into my account of her theory of gender sedimentation. The final section considers how Eshleman's emphasis on social interdependence might enrich Sartre's picture of authenticity. The article closes with brief comments on the value of reading these texts together.
COMPREENSÃO DE FONOAUDIÓLOGOS SOBRE DIFICULDADES DOS PROFESSORES DO ENSINO SUPERIOR QUE ATUAM/ATUARAM COM ALUNOS SURDOS
Authors: Pinto Pablo Vinicius do Nascimento , Cavalcanti Wanilda Maria Alves
Published: December 2024

Esta pesquisa é fruto de um trabalho de conclusão de curso de Fonoaudióloga, que realizamos no ano de 2020, na Universidade Católica de Pernambuco em que foi possível trazer questões que foram sendo construídas ao longo de mais de meio século, até a atualidade. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi analisar dificuldades encontradas por professores de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES), que ensinam/ensinaram alunos surdos, através da visão de fonoaudiólogos, visando sugerir propostas que possam ajudar na sua superação. Adotamos como metodologia a pesquisa qualitativa, contando com sete docentes que trabalharam/trabalham com estudantes surdos, que responderam uma entrevista semiestruturada contendo dez perguntas. Os achados trazidos pelos professores os colocam diante de uma realidade que marcam dificuldades no tocante à comunicação e interação com os alunos surdos, uma vez que o domínio da Libras, ainda é raro. Conclui-se que o Fonoaudiólogo Educacional pode ser um agente facilitador na busca da superação das dificuldades comunicacionais do professor universitário com o aluno surdo.
Development of an economical driving cycle for 3-wheelers: a framework for emission estimation studies
Authors:   University of Moratuwa, Katubedda, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka., Jayawardhana S. , Aponsu K. , Gamage S. , Perera L.
Published: December 2024

A driving cycle reflects typical driving behavior within a specific area, considering factors such as road infrastructure, traffic flow, vehicle mix, and driving conditions with its primary purpose being the measurement of emissions and fuel consumption. Driving cycles also aid in designing traffic control systems and simulating traffic flows. This study develops a driving cycle for 3-wheelers, which are widely used across the South Asian region. Sri Lanka serves as a case study, where on-board driving data was collected as GPS data in urban and suburban areas during peak hours. The cycle was developed using a micro-trip-based construction method, with data analyzed through programming techniques. The results include an average speed of 15.12 km/h, an average running speed of 19.73 km/h, an average acceleration of 0.285 m/s², and an average deceleration of 0.3236 m/s². The driving mode percentages for acceleration, deceleration and cruising or idling were 40.58%, 33.84% and 25.58%, respectively. This driving cycle can be tested on a chassis dynamometer to obtain emission levels for 3-wheelers, offering an economical approach to emission estimation. The methodology is adaptable across South Asia and provides insights for policymakers to regulate 3-wheeler emissions.
Development of a green driving model for buses using machine learning techniques
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Karunarathna P.K.B.T.H. , Perera H.L.K.
Published: December 2024

Green driving, also known as eco-driving, encompasses a set of practices and technologies aimed at reducing the environmental impact of driving. This approach seeks to minimize fuel consumption, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and reduce wear and tear on vehicles which will make transportation more sustainable. Driving approach is a key element in green driving and smooth acceleration and braking, maintaining steady speeds, use of cruise control, avoiding idling, and proper gear use are the key decisive practices. This study has investigated the bus driver behaviour aimed at the development of a green driving model for Sri Lankan bus drivers. Time vs geographical location data were collected using a GPS device from buses covering many routes, both short and long-distance, and geographical areas. Machine learning techniques were used to analyze the data. With the objective of emission reduction and lowering fuel consumption, threshold values are selected for major parameters considered in the eco-driving concept. Namely, hard acceleration greater than 2.74 ms-2 hard deacceleration less than -2.74 ms-2 hard cornering greater than 6° with speed greater than 30 km/h, over speeding greater than 50 km/h and idling speed less than 5 km/h are the selected threshold values for this study. Using above threshold values, Primary data such as Local Date, Local Time, Speed, Latitude, Longitude, Distance extract from the GPS device and Secondary data derived from the Primary data such as Acceleration, Angle degree change of the vehicle used to find the suitable machine learning model using SPSS Modeler software. Software shows C5.0 machine learning model is the best fit model with accuracy 99% to evaluate the green driving status as per the GPS data. Analysis shows that a 55 to 45 ratio exists between non- green driving vs green driving in long-distance buses and a 60 to 40 ratio for short-distance buses. As per the past research done by Rodrigo et al. in 2023 found that Diesel liters consumed for bus transportation in Sri Lanka is 381.9 Million liters per year and Huang et al. in 2018 found that Eco driving is relatively immediate and low cost, improving fuel efficiency by up to 45% then Fuel consumption saving due to eco-driving is 171.85 Million liters per year, when consider Lanka Auto Diesel price in Sri Lanka is 317 LKR then Expenditure Cost Saving due to Bus Eco Driving in Sri Lanka is 54 Billion Rupees per year. Therefore, this study has estimated that adaptation of green driving could save up to 54 billion rupees per year for Sri Lanka from the Buses, in addition to other inherited benefits and improved road safety. However, it is important to note that the impact on travel time due to green driving has not been considered in this study. Finally, this study proposes a green driving model for bus drivers to assess driver behavior to achieve significant emission reduction.
"The Apostle of the Apostles," Prostitute or Penitent? A Typology of Mary Magdalene in the Homilies of Gregory the Great
Authors: Jóźwiak Magdalena
Published: December 2024

Mary Magdalene, who is mentioned on the pages of the Gospels twelve times, is regarded as one of the most famous and stirring strong emotions women of the New Testament. In some religious circles to this day, one can still hear claims that Mary of Magdala was a prostitute. Others argue that Magdalene is the “Apostle of the Apostles” (Apostola Apostolorum) because she was the first person to bear witness to the risen Lord (e.g. Hippolytus of Rome, Jerome of Stridon). Pope Gregory the Great, on the other hand, combined three evangelical women into one figure in his two homilies: the nameless sinful woman (cf. Luke 7:37), Mary Magdalene (cf. Luke 8:2), and Mary mentioned in John 20:11 – into a single figure. Thus, Mary of Magdala was regarded as a prostitute. Gregory the Great’s theory became prevalent in Western Christianity over the next fifteen centuries. This paper aims to analyse homilies XXV and XXXIII by Gregory the Great and attempt to address the question of whether, for the popecommentator, Mary Magdalene is exclusively and mainly a symbol of the “convert prostitute?” This paper adopted the philological method. It concludes that perhaps the pope himself would have been astonished that for so many centuries, the most enduring legacy of his two aforementioned homilies is the image of Magdalene as a “convert prostitute” rather than the moral teaching he wanted to convey. After all, the commentator also juxtaposed Magdalene with the Shulamite from the Song of Songs, Eve, Simon the Pharisee, Peter, Zacchaeus and Dismas, and saw in her a “type” of a Christian of every era.
Effect of Different Synthetic Resins on Soil Nano-and Microstructure
Authors: Musaelyan R. E. , Abrosimov K. N. , Romanenko K. A.
Published: December 2024

The use of synthetic and natural resins in the fixation of organic-mineral matter for further studies is common, e.g. in the micromorphological study of soils, since the procedure of making thin sections includes the impregnation of the sample with aggregates. At the same time, their effect on the soil structure has not been known until now. In this article, an experiment to study the effect of synthetic and natural resins on the nano-and microstructure of soil during impregnation is set up for the first time. Using small-angle X-ray scattering and computed tomography techniques, the first data are obtained on the characteristics of resins frequently used in laboratories, as well as on their effects on the structure of soil samples. The X-ray “transparency” of fixing materials was detected. Subsequent impregnation of AU horizon fraction from Haplic Chernozems of Kursk region by them allowed to establish the influence of epoxy resin on the change of size of nanostructural heterogeneities of soil. The experiment with different horizons of Protosalic Solonetz allowed to establish an increase in the size of nanoheterogeneities with depth in the trend of native soil in relation to the trend of impregnated soil. At the micro level, a decrease in microporosity within the first per cent after polymerisation of the curing agent was proved. The nanostructure of soil monoliths and separate fractions were investigated for the first time at this station. The above results can be used in sample preparation and further analysis of organic-mineral objects (soil, rock, ground) for a number of studies that require fixation of the substance structure at different dimensional levels.
Ecological and Toxicological Assessment of the Soil and Vegetation Cover at the Site “Streletskaya Steppe” of the Central Chernozem Reserve Named after V.V. Alekhin
Authors: Anisimov V. S. , Fesenko S. V. , Glazunov G. P. , Anisimova L. N. , Sanzharov A. I. , Korovin S. V. , Krylenkin D. V. , Korneev Yu. N. , Novikova N. V. , Mezina M. V. , Zheltov D. A.
Published: December 2024

The ecological and toxicological assessment of the of the soil and vegetation cover at the Streletskaya Steppe site of the V.V. Alekhin Central Chernozem Reserve is presented. The contents of a number of heavy metals (HM) and radionuclides in the typical chernozem are determined. The values of concentration clarks of HM (Cc), geoaccumulation indices (Igeo) for As, Cd, Co, Cs, Cu, K, Pb, Sr, Zn, 232Th, 238U and pollution indices (PI) for individual HM in chernozem were calculated. It is shown that increased values of the pedogeochemical background in comparison with clark values in the lithosphere are observed only with respect to Cd and As. At the same time, for the studied HM (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn), it can be argued that they do not pollute the soil. The content of radionuclides (40K, 137Cs, 232Th, 238U), HM and potassium in various types of natural steppe vegetation was determined. Based on the plant accumulation coefficients of HM and radionuclides, the degree of biophilicity of radionuclides and HM was estimated. The values of the aggregated transfer factors (Cag) 137Cs and 40K from soil to plants were also determined and a comparative analysis of the bioavailability of cesium and potassium during root uptake was carried out. The vertical distribution of 137Cs and 40K radionuclides in the root-inhabited soil layer of 0–20 cm was studied. It was established that 40K is evenly distributed in the root layer of the soil The features of the vertical distribution of 137Cs in the soil profile are noted, consisting in the displacement of the maximum from a depth of 0–5 to 5–10 cm. Based on the data obtained, the value of the migration coefficient 137Cs is calculated, taking into account the convective and diffusion components of the radionuclide translocation process in a typical chernozem.
ON THE ASYMPTOTICS OF EIGENVALUES OF SEMIDIAGONAL TOEPLITZ MATRICES
Authors: Voronin I. V.
Published: December 2024

Asymptotic formulas are constructed that allow a uniform estimate of the remainder term for Toeplitz matrices of size 𝑛 for 𝑛 → ∞ in the case when their symbol 𝑎(𝑡) has the form 𝑎(𝑡) = (𝑡 − 2𝑎0 + 𝑡-1)3. This result is a generalization of the result of Stukopin et al. (2021), in which similar asymptotic formulas were obtained for a diagonal Toeplitz matrix with a symbol of a similar form when 𝑎0 = 1. The obtained formulas have high computational efficiency and generalize the results of the classical works of Parterre and Widom on the asymptotics of extreme eigenvalues.