bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KH. ABU BAKAR BASTARI PERAN TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN ISLAM DI PALEMBANG (1925-1971)
Authors: Soleh Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Ulama was one of the important figures in the spread and development of Islam in a region. This study aimed to reveal the active role of a major scholar in the development of Islam in Palembang in the middle of the 20th century named K.H. Abubakar Bastari. The research method used to facilitate the implementation or research activities in order to achieve predetermined goals, namely historical method, with stages: heuruistics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The resultof the study revealed that as a scholar who played a role in the spread of Islam in Palembang. K.H. Abubakar Bastari also did not ignore the world of Islamic education. K.H.'s concern Abubakar Bastari in Islamic education in the Palembang region, he found the Tsanawiyah level Nurul Falah madrasah in 1926 and he was also the pioneer of the establishment of the Islamic College of South Sumatra which is known as Raden Fatah State Islamic University in Palembang and have roles in various fields such as politics, economics, culture and religion in South Sumatra.
Communication Strategies of the Multipurpose Syari'ah Cooperative of Musi Sejahtera Palembang in Improving the Welfare of the Members
Authors: Taufik Muhammad
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research was to identify the all-round business syari'ah cooperative development program, "Musi Sejahtera Palembang”. The research method used in this research was qualitative research method. The research data were obtained through observation, interviews and documentation. Furthermore, the data obtained were assessed by descriptive-analytic technique and will eventually be concluded as the final outcome of this study. From the results of the research it can be concluded that the communication strategy of the Syari'ah Serba Usaha Musi Sejahtera Palembang cooperative in improving the welfare of its members was carried out through personal individual and communication. Meanwhile, the factor supporting the implementation of cooperative activities is as follows: working good cooperation with various stakeholders as well as facilities and infrastructure support. Meanwhile the inhibiting factors are as follows: 1) the human resources were less qualified; 2) lack of Board to manage the membership of a cooperative; 3) lack of awareness ofthe members of Syari’ah Serba Usaha Musi Sejahtera Palembang Cooperative in participating actively and the system management ofSyari’ah Serba Usaha Musi Sejahtera Palembang was not doing well.
Analysis of Islamic Socio-Political and Cultural Meneutics of the Limo Migo Community in the Dalung Bojong inscription of East Lampung
Authors: Anwar Muhammad Saidun , Choirudin Choirudin , Mispani Mispani , Dea Leli Fertiliana , Muslimin Ahmad
Published: January 2024

The study aims to contextualize the content of the inscription of DalungBojong of East Lampung in the modern era with Fazlur Rohman’s hermeneutical approach. The data were taken from interviews with the main witness, Haji Hasanuddin (Pangiran Betaro Rajo III) as the author and the writer of the inscription DalungBojong and Mr. Hasan al-Basri (Pangiran Sebuwaias the traditional leader of Bojong Village). Dalung Bojong inscription is an archaeological evidence of the strong influence of Banten over Lampung as its territory. The relationship patterns depicted in the inscription are: First, the pattern of political relations in determining all decisions is based on the Sultan's decree. Second, the pattern of economic relations. Banten as a commercial center between nations has an interest in Lampung as an area that produces a lot of agricultural products to meet the needs of trading commodities. Third, the patterns of religious and cultural relations, the patterns of political and economic relations that are formed, and the socio-cultural contacts also occured. The Sultanate of Banten in Islamizing the Pugung people gave birth to many socio-political and cultural dynamics. Queen Pugung, who has principles, never gave up before the war. However, Queen Pugung realized that it was impossible to do war against his daughter-in-law. Finally, Queen Pugung made a circle rule. Those who do not follow the KeratuanPugung rules and choose to convert to Islam must leave the circle (the Pugung area) to the nearby areas of Pugung which became the forerunners of the Sekampung Limo Migo community.
Pemanfaatan Instant Messenger Telegram Sebagai Alat Penyebaran Paham Radikal Di Indonesia
Authors: Mohammad Alfhatheh
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to find out the use of instant messenger Telegram as a tool for spreading radicalism in Indonesia. Defined as a research method based on post-positivism philosophy (correcting weaknesses, that reality is real, and researchers cannot get the truth from reality if researchers are not directly involved), used to examine the condition of natural objects, where researchers are as key instruments, data collection techniques are carried out by in-depth interviews, then to test the validity of the researchers using triangulation (combined), data analysis is inductive / qualitative. The results of the Qualitative Method research show that true instant messenger Telegram is used by many radical groups in communicating and for the purpose of expanding the network of radicalism. So that the Telegram should have a team or technology that can filter radical content directly, so that these groups cannot easily launch their actions by spreading propaganda or the ideologies of their groups.
Analisis Kewenangan dan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Amandemen Ketiga Undang-undang Dasar 1945 dalam Perspektif Siyasah
Authors: Imelda Yesi , Wijaya Sandy
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the authority of the Constitutional Court in the third amendment of the 1945 Constitution. This type of writing is by examining library research or secondary data strengthened in primary data that examines the third Amendment of the 1945 Constitution which focuses on on the Authority and Decision of the Constitutional Court. The approach chosen in this study uses a normative juridical approach, which is carried out by examining library materials or secondary data related to the Constitutional Court. the decision is final, this article is very clearly contrary to human rights, with the determination of the nature of the decision of the Constitutional Court because there is no more opportunity for litigants to take legal action.
Peran Muhammadiyah Dalam Perubahan Sosial Masyarakat Tanjung Sakti Kabupaten Lahat Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Hanifah Abu
Published: January 2024

This research is titled the role of Muhammadiyah in the social Change Malay Society of Tanjung Sakti Kabupaten Lahat Province of South Sumatera 1930-2015. This research aims to analyze the condition of Tanjung Sakti community before Muhammadiyah stands, growth and development of Muhammadiyah, the role of Muhammadiyah on social change Tanjung Sakti, as well as the driving and inhibiting factors. This research was conducted through library research using primary and secondary data collected through literature searches and interviews. The data analysis uses descriptive qualitative, while the theories used are: theories of roles, influences, and social change. In 1930, most of the Tanjung sakti people were SinkritisMuslim, a small percentage were Catholics. And they were still underdeveloped in the fields of religion, education and social society. Based on these conditions In 1936, local merchants founded Muhammadiyah, which was engaged in the field of Islamic extermination and renewal in the field of education and social society. Until now, the movement was quite good, and the role on social change of the local community. The movement is supported by the Awakening of Religious Passion and Economic, the Openness of the Community, the Leadership System, the Human Resources and the Infrastructure as well as the Openness of Financial Management. On the other hand, this movement faces obstacles, such as the Antipathy Attitudes of the old community, the closed Attitudes of the traditional community, the Inequality Government Regulations, the Weakness of Financial Resources, and the Lack of Leaders and Ulamas.
Pengaruh Fluktuasi Harga Emas, Tingkat Inflasi Terhadap Produk Gadai Emas Pada Bank Sumsel Babel Syariah
Authors: Apriani Anjeli , Panorama Maya
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of gold price fluctuations and inflation rates on gold pawn products at the Islamic Sumatra Babel Bank for the period 2013-2019.  This research includes quantitative research.  The method used in this research is using multiple linear regression analysis method with a sample during the period 2013-2019 and using descriptive analysis techniques. The population and sample that will be used in this study are Bank Sumsel Babel Syariah in the 2013-2019 period.Financing that uses gold as a product object is highly dependent on fluctuations in gold prices.  Islamic banks before providing financing to customers must make an assessment of the pawned gold.  Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded: first, the results obtained from the calculations in this study are known that gold price fluctuations have a negative or no effect on the distribution of gold pawn financing and so is the second hypothesis that there is no effect of the inflation rate on the distribution of pawn products.  gold bank sumsel babel sharia period 2013-2019.
Penerapan Etika Bisnis Syariah Pada Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (Umkm) Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Pasar Swadaya Gotong Royong Masyarakat Batumarta Desa Baturaden Kecamatan Lubuk Raja Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu
Authors: Bahrri Samsul , Panorama Maya
Published: January 2024

Basic problems research this is how the application of the ethical principles of a business according to islamic syariah on micro business in the village baturaden ( kecamatan kabupaten oku the bottom of the king .As for the purpose of this study is to find the application of islamic business of ethical principle at a venture mikro.jenis this research is descriptive qualitative research was conducted research which is a devoted to described analyzed the phenomenon of events , social activities , attitude , trust , perception , the minds of the american individually as well as groups .Research object is the owner of micro business in the market swadaya gotong royong village community batumarta baturaden oku the bottom of the king . Data collection by means of observation , interview , documentation , and such .And is poured into table then analysis technique data using the qualitative method descriptive by pulling a conclusion by using a technique inductive , deductive , and comparative .The research results show that has not yet been fully know , understand and apply .It was because the small and medium businesses umkm players culinary in the market swadaya masyarakat gotong royong batumarta inside do the business practices employed in truth and do not have not been in accordance by islamic syariah
Pengaruh Inflasi Dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan Di Kota Palembang
Authors: Wandira Novera , Panorama Maya
Published: January 2024

In  ieconomic  itheory,  ieconomic  igrowth  ihas  ian  iinfluence  ion  ipoverty  ilevels,  ibut  ithe  iresults  iof  ithe  ianalysis  iof  ithis  istudy  iindicate  ithat  ieconomic  igrowth  ihas  ino  ieffect  ion  ipoverty  ilevels  ibased  ion  i2016-2020  iresearch  idata  iobtained  ifrom  ithe  iRoadmap  ifor  istrengthening  ithe  iPalembang  iCity  iRegional  iInnovation  iSystem  iin  i2018-2023.  iThis  istudy  iaims  ito  idetermine  iand  ianalyze  ithe  ieffect  iof  iinflation  iand  ieconomic  igrowth  ion  ipoverty  ilevels  iin  iIndonesia.  iThe  iresearch  imethod  iused  iis  idescriptive  iquantitative  iusing  isecondary  idata  iand  ithe  idata  ianalysis  imethod  iis  ilinear  iregression  ianalysis,  icorrelation  ianalysis,  idetermination  ianalysis,  iand  ihypothesis  itesting.  iThe  iresult  iof  ithe  iresearch  ishows  ithat  iinflation  ihas  ian  ieffect  ion  ithe  ilevel  iof  ipoverty  ibecause  ithe  ivalue  iof  itcount  i>  ittable  i,  ibut  ieconomic  igrowth  idoes  inot  ihave  ia  isignificant  ieffect  ion  ithe  ilevel  iof  ipoverty  ibecause  ithe  ivalue  iof  itcount  i<  ittable  i.  iSimultaneously,  iInflation  iand  iEconomic  iGrowth  ihave  ia  isignificant  ieffect  ion  ithe  iPoverty  iLevel,  iwhich  iis  iindicated  iby  ithe  ivalue  iof  iFcount  i>  iFtable.
Industri Perbankan Syariah Dan Kondisi Ekonomi Makro Di Indonesia
Authors: Anggraini Dian , Panorama Maya
Published: January 2024

Islam is a universal religion that has the Qur'an as a way of life. Universal here is not limited by time and place. The Qur'an which was revealed by Prophet Muhammad SAW regulates all aspects of human life. The purpose of this study is to identify and examine the Islamic banking industry and macroeconomic conditions in Indonesia. The method used is multiple regression analysis with estimation of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). The results of this study indicate that economic activity is an aspect that has become a concern since the emergence of Islam. Islamic banking at this time has a very rapid growth that is strongly influenced by macroeconomics in obtaining its goal of getting the highest profit. The variables studied are financial ratios that are adjusted to the decision of Bank Indonesia and accompanied by the MUI Fatwa influenced by CAR, FDR and BOPO. Each change in ROA can be explained through the variables CAR, FDR and BOPO of 82.9% while the remaining 17.1% is influenced by other factors).
Agama, Tradisi Budaya dan Peradaban
Authors: Gafur Abdul , Rusli Ris'an , Mardiyah Anisatul , Anica Anica , Mungafif Mungafif
Published: January 2024

This paper focuses on what religion is, cultural traditions and civilization and their relationship and obstacles in civilization. Religion as a teaching revealed by God as a guide for humans for the continuation of their life. Religion is also a regulatory norm for its adherents which in daily life is indispensable for sustainability in the future. Because without religion, their life will be chaotic, especially if social activities or social traditions are very complex, this is very much needed. Tradition is a habit that has been carried out from the past, this is done so that the tradition is maintained from one successor to another, while civilization is an end result that is done by humans themselves, both materially and immaterially. This study is a literature review with qualitative descriptive data using content analysis, which produces data that there is a very close relationship between religion, cultural traditions and civilization. Religion is very closely related to traditional culture itself because in culture there are elements, one of which is religion. Likewise, civilization is also closely related to religion because one aspect of human life will not be separated from the rules (religion) itself. Because civilization is the result of the creation of cultured humans themselves.
Dinamika dan Tradisi Kelompok Minoritas Budha Dalam Masyarakat Islam Melayu Palembang
Authors: Hamidah Hamidah
Published: January 2024

This study aims to analyze how the dynamics and traditions of the Buddhist minority group in Palembang Malay Islamic society. The research method in this study basically uses descriptive qualitative research. The results of this study show that the dynamics of the Buddhist minority group in Palembang Malay Islamic society are dynamically related to group identities reinforced by religious and cultural identities in the form of ethnic identities, local tradition identities, and religious thought identities. The dynamics of relations can lead to harmony among Buddhists because of the factors that support this harmony. Where the owner of cultural identity makes a compromise which in the end makes cultural acculturation equally support the creation of balance in society. The adaptation strategy carried out by Buddhists in an effort to build harmony in their environment, through cultural strategies, namely acculturation, and building a dominant culture. The role of religious leaders in the development of Buddhism in Palembang, namely by building relations between religion and ethnicity, religion and religious thought, religion and the culture of the archipelago, religion and foreign culture. Deepen the practice of worship by carrying out rituals of prostration every day. Performing devotional service three times a day, giving dharma lectures after the devotional service. Apart from ordinary days, it is also carried out on religious holidays such as the anniversary of the birth of the Buddha and Bodisatva.
Efektivitas Program Pusaka Sakinah dalam Menurunkan Angka Stunting pada Keluarga di Kabupaten Kutai Timur: Studi di KUA Kecamatan Sangatta Utara
Authors: Fathul Bari Muhammad , Duraesa Muhammad Abzar , Andaryuni Lilik
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of the Pusaka Sakinah Program in reducing the incidence of stunting and the supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation within families in the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) in the North Sangatta District. The research method employed is qualitative, utilizing a Field Research type with a sociological-juridical approach. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation, and the data analysis technique begins with data condensation, followed by data presentation, concluding with data interpretation while using data validity techniques. The results indicate that the effectiveness of the Pusaka Sakinah program in reducing the incidence of stunting within families is attributed to programs provided by the North Sangatta KUA, such as the Secret Marriage Learning Program, Counseling, Mediation, Support, Advocacy, Consultation, and the Joint Services for Indonesian Family Resilience Program. Inhibiting factors include a shortage of religious counselors and program implementers, while supporting factors include support from related government agencies such as the National Family Planning Board (BKKBN), community health centers (Puskesmas), and educational institutions for the Pusaka Sakinah program in reducing the incidence of stunting within families in the North Sangatta District.
Implementasi Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Bimbingan Masyarakat Islam Nomor 189 Tahun 2021: Perspektif Tipologi KUA di Kabupaten Kutai Timur
Authors: Subagyo Edy , Iswanto Bambang , Rahmi Hs Maisyarah
Published: January 2024

The Ministry of Religion in East Kutai District conducts pre-marital marriage counseling for prospective brides and grooms, organized by the sub-district Religious Affairs Offices (KUA). These KUA offices are classified into different typologies, namely C, D1, and D2, based on rules and regulations established by the Ministry of Religion. Factors taken into consideration for this classification include geographic conditions and the number of marriage events. These typological differences give rise to unique challenges and issues. In this context, the research problem is formulated: How is the implementation of Director General of Islamic Guidance (Kepdirjen Bimas Islam) Regulation Number 189 of 2021 concerning the execution of pre-marital marriage counseling for prospective brides and grooms in East Kutai District?. The research methodology employed is qualitative, specifically a Field Research approach with sociological-legal orientation. Data is collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, followed by data condensation, presentation, conclusion drawing, and data validity techniques for data analysis. The results indicate variations in the implementation of Kepdirjen Regulation Number 189 of 2021 in different KUA typologies. KUA typology C utilizes face-to-face or group methods, while typology D1 and D2 employ independent methods for pre-marital counseling. This divergence is attributed to the challenging geographic conditions of typologies D1 and D2, where these methods are deemed suitable and effective. Additionally, the hindrances and support mechanisms in the implementation of pre-marital counseling are linked to the limited infrastructure in typologies D1 and D2, particularly concerning electrical and network accessibility, which hampers service provision in these regions.
Urgensi Aneka Pendekatan dalam Kajian Islam: Dari Inter-Multidisiplin ke Transdisiplin Menurut Amin Abdullah
Authors: Abdul Haq Moh Mansur
Published: January 2024

Religion (Islam) is always seen with a single face, even though many multidimensional aspects of Islam need to be researched. In general, the study of Islam that is not comprehensive is caused by the weakness of Muslims in mastering the methodology, not the mastery of Islamic teaching material. A new paradigm is needed to review the Islamic thought pattern as a solution to the problems of the Ummah so that it will make religion multi-face. Religious phenomena humans must be seen through the angle of understanding historicity, but only through the normative teachings revelation. This research aims to revitalise different approaches in Islamic studies so that Islam can become a religion that focuses on rahmatan lil ‘âlamîn instead of la’natan lil ‘âlamîn. With qualitative research methods and a descriptive-analytic approach sourced from various literature and data obtained from several journal articles, books, and especially data sources related to research. The result is that through the urgency of various inter-multidisciplinary to transdisciplinary approaches that form a spider web, in the sense of being integrated and connected, Islamic messages can be contextualised and can become shâlih li kulli zamân wa al-makân, so that the religious science branch (Islam) will not feel enough with itself without wanting to touch and relate to other sciences (al-Muhâfadzoh 'alâ al-Qodîm al-Shôlih wa al-Akhdzu bi al-Jadîd al-Ashlâh).
Allah is the Creator: An Analysis of Hadiths on Human Creation and Destiny
Authors: Alfani Mukhammad , Istifarin Nur Annisa
Published: January 2024

This article human creation and the concept of destiny according to Islamic teachings, using qualitative research methods. The process of human creation is explained in the Qur'an and hadith, including the stages of embryonic development in the womb according to the 4th Hadith of arbain. In addition, there is an explanation of the four levels of destiny that must be believed, as well as the redaction of the hadith that explains the process of human creation and the granting of destiny by Allah. Hadith Arbain 4 explains the process of human embryo development in the womb, starting from the stage of nutfah (sperm) to the blowing of the spirit. At the stage of spirit inhalation, Allah determines human destiny, including sustenance, death, charity, and happiness. Although destiny has been written, humans still have free will to do good or bad. The text emphasizes the importance of understanding the messages in this hadith and applying them in daily life. The implementation of this hadith can be done by developing gratitude, understanding destiny, respecting human position, and optimizing potential and responsibility. Thus, an understanding of human creation and destiny in Islam can serve as a foundation for individuals to live life with full awareness of the destiny that has been set, but still be responsible for their actions and choices fertilization.
Parameters of the ‘Honor and Dignity’ Element in the Criminal Act of Sexual Violence
Authors: Marpaung Jessica Vincentia , Triwinata Jiu Jiu
Published: January 2024

Law Number 12 Year 2022 concerning the Criminal Acts of Sexual Violence (UU Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual/“Sexual Violence Law”) seems to provide a moment of calm amidst the high number of sexual violence cases that occur in Indonesia, but does Sexual Violence Law really adhere to the principles of utility, justice, and especially, certainty? One of the focuses of the Authors’ research is the element of ‘honour and dignity’ (harkat dan martabat) contained in Articles 5 and 6 of Law Number 12 Year 2022 on Criminal Acts of Sexual Violence regarding sexual harassment that is carried out physically or non-physically. Honor and dignity are abstract concepts and cannot be measured because they are parts of the nature of human beings as God’s creation. The assessment of what ‘honor and dignity’ is and its worth is highly relative and can be very different when viewed from not only the perpetrator and victim’s perspectives. Therefore, this article seeks to assess whether there is a more definitive set of elements to define sexual violence. This article uses normative research study to investigate into and apply the concept of a “Reasonable Person”, the application of which can also be useful in the ambit of criminology, especially victimology, especially to address sexual violence cases where the victim’s position should be considered (pro-victim approach).
Arbitrator’s Authority to Decide Ex Aequo et Bono: A Juridical Review
Authors: Hadylaya Michael Herdi
Published: January 2024

Arbitration is a dynamic practice. One of the issues to consider is the implementation of ex aequo et bono by arbitrators, which many parties see as requiring prior approval from the parties so that arbitrators can make decisions based on ex aequo et bono. This study concludes that the arbitrator's authority to decide ex aequo et bono is not derived from the parties' agreement but rather from the arbitrator's inherent authority. First, because this principle is consistent with the spirit of arbitration, the Arbitrator has the authority to decide ex aequo et bono. Second, Law Number 48 Year 2009 concerning Judicial Authority imposes an obligation to investigate, adhere to, and comprehend legal values and the sense of justice in society. Third, no provision in Law Number 30 Year 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution requires the parties to agree in advance on the grant of ex aequo et bono.
Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Kualitas Hidup Perempuan Lansia di Wilayah Pesisir Puskesmas Tongas
Authors: Agustina Nurul Aini , Handarisasi Dwi
Published: January 2024

Proporsi lansia di Indonesia mencapai 10,82% dan penduduk lansia tertinggi berada di Kecamatan Tongas dengan penduduk perempuan lansia sebanyak 4.840 orang. Peningkatan populasi lansia dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup lansia. Perempuan lansia yang tinggal di wilayah pesisir pada umumnya memiliki peran ganda dalam membantu perekonomian keluarga sehingga mengalami penuruan status kesehatan, timbulnya penyakit degeneratif, dan kondisi ketergantungan pada usia produktif. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kualitas hidup perempuan lansia di wilayah pesisir Puskesmas Tongas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional, besar sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 127 orang, teknik pengambilan datanya menggunakan teknik wawancara, dan teknik analisis secara bivariat. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 68,5% perempuan lansia memiliki kualitas hidup yang baik. Namun, perlu adanya pengoptimalan dukungan keluarga kepada responden yang memiliki kualitas hidup kurang.
Auschwitz przed sądem — jurystyczny akt ostatni
Authors: Kulesza Witold , Kulesza Jan
Published: January 2024

The aim of the article is to briefly summarize the evolution of the approach of the German judiciary to the prosecution of the perpetrators directly involved in the extermination of Jews, primarily in the Auschwitz-Birkenau and Sobibór camps. Initially proposed by Fritz Bauer, the model of responsibility for aiding extermination by everyone belonging to the camp staff (the so-called Bauer formula) was immediately rejected by the judiciary, which, together with the dogma of criminal law and the legislator (the Dreher Act), dealt with searching for such interpretations and legal solutions which made it possible not to bring charges against any of the members of the death camp staff . This approach was abandoned only in three judgments, against Ivan Demianiuk in 2011, Oskar Gröning in 2015 and Reinhold Hanning in 2016. In opposition to the original approach of the German judiciary, the position of the Polish judicature remains as presented in the process of the Auschwitz-Birkenau camp in 1947. The model of responsibility adopted at that time is still valid, both in terms of the legal foundations still in force (the so-called August decree) and in terms of the dogmatic model of assessing complicity to genocide.
Postępowania karne przed wyższymi sądami krajowymi (Oberlandesgericht) w III Rzeszy
Authors: Stankowski Witold
Published: January 2024

This article presents the issue of criminal proceedings before the Highers Regionals Courts of the Third Reich. The institution had its own tradition, as it had already existed prior to Hitler’s rise to power. By virtue of its powers and its territorial scope — the territory of the federal state, during the war the occupied district (Reichsgau) or the province (Provinz) — it was within the range of influence of National Socialist ideology and the totalitarian state. In the initial years of the Third Reich, and especially during the Second World War, the legal system was in constant flux. The author begins with an analysis of case law in which Poles were charged and convicted by the Higher National Court in the given district or province under occupation. Judgments against representatives of other nationalities were also analyzed on a comparative basis. The accusations, trial and sentences submitted by the prosecutor’s office are an obvious example of the lawlessness in the legal system of the Third Reich.

The timespan of the article is 1933–1945, with special emphasis on the period of the Second World War. In the years leading to the war and during its course, the activities and functioning of the prosecutor’s office and the courts were carried out in accordance with the interests of the Third Reich. The rule of law was effectively abolished at that time. The article is based primarily on materials found in Polish and German archives. Case law of the People’s Tribunal was also put under scrutiny. The surviving file material on the activities of the higher national courts is not complete. The establishment of the People’s Tribunal was an illegal act, carried out in violation of the provisions of the Basic Law, the Constitution then in force. Similarly, the Third Reich subordinated to itself the judiciary, the highest national courts, whose decisions concerning crimes against the state system and its security are proof of an intent to violate the law. Trial proceedings, judgments of the higher national courts against Poles or people of other nationalities accused of crimes that endangered the security of the state, such as high treason or treason against their country, were unlawful. The lack of available trial files on the activities of the higher national courts makes it impossible to make a quantitative assessment or approximate the phenomenon of politically motivated trials. Alongside the institutional reconstruction of the judiciary in the Third Reich, changes were made to the Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure. Under the guise of protecting the state, the national community, the law became repressive and finally sanctioned lawlessness.
Wybrane przejawy sowietyzacji Ukraińskiej Socjalistycznej Republiki Radzieckiej na początku lat trzydziestych XX wieku w rozpoznaniu Oddziału II Sztabu Głównego Wojska Polskiego i władz politycznych II RP — część II
Authors: Landmann Tomasz
Published: January 2024

The aim of this article is to expand upon the considerations initiated in the first part of the article on the manifestations of the progressive sovietization of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in the early 1930s. The article addresses a thesis according to which the sovietization of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in the years in question prevented the implementation of Ukrainian national liberation slogans. It was also an unfavorable direction in the broader context of Poland’s security in regard to the policy pursued by Moscow as well as the proximity of the Second Polish Republic to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. The presented arguments have led to the conclusion that the sovietization of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in the early 1930s nullified the chance for implementing Ukrainian national liberation slogans. The policy pursued by the Soviet Union led to full integration of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in the structures of the Soviet state. The sovietization methods limited the right to self-determination of the Ukrainian people. The diversity of methods and spheres covered by the phenomenon of sovietization in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was one of the most important determinants of the effectiveness of this process in the early 1930s.
Dyskurs strukturalnej konieczności jako czynnik totalitaryzacji polityki i prawa. Efekt cieplarniany i pandemia COVID-19 jako polityczne „hybrydy”
Authors: Barut Arkadiusz
Published: January 2024

This article discusses the contemporary discourse of justifying the abandonment of the protection of rights by a higher necessity, which is presented as resulting both from the indications of science and from the structural features of modern society. Such ideas are proclaimed, among others, on the occasion of the phenomena referred to as the COVID-19 pandemic and the greenhouse effect and climate crisis, and are in turn addressed by institutional and political actions. The aim of the article is to analyze this discourse and its effects on the way of understanding politics and law, and in particular the totalitarian tendencies it generates. The author adopts a hermeneutical perspective as a methodological starting point and refers to a certain understanding of politics and law as based on practical reason, which is established in the Western philosophical tradition. This then serves to outline an ideal type of discourse of structural necessity as a rejection of this type of rationality. In doing so, the author refers to the interpretation of commonly known ideological tendencies and institutional facts. The presentation of the less obvious feature of this discourse, i.e. the identification of natural and political necessity, is supported by the author with references to contemporary philosophical and political concepts dealing with the relationship between the social and natural spheres. The conclusion is that this discourse eliminates the idea of the subject, politics understood as the sphere of manifestation of subjectivity, law as an art based on practical rationality, and finally the separation of science and power.
Sektor prywatny w państwie totalitarnym — funkcjonowanie rzemiosła w Polsce w latach 1945–1956
Authors: Struś Mirosław , Konopska-Struś Emilia
Published: January 2024

After 1945, Poland found itself in the Soviet sphere of influence, which resulted in the implementation of a totalitarian state system. This process had certain economic ramifications. Among them was a gradual shift from a capitalist system to a command and distribution economy. This process was closely linked to the nationalization of private enterprise. However, private property was not completely eliminated. Despite the fact that it was subject to restrictions, it perservered. One of the areas in which its functioning was possible was craft. The article aims to address the reasons for which the private sector was not entirely liquidated, even though its presence went against the socialist principles and core values of the state. How did it manage to survive and function in the conditions of a totalitarian country? The research covers the years 1945–1956, that is the period of molding, strengthening and peak of the totalitarian phase of state. The year 1956 was something of a breakthrough. The Stalinist era was ending, and thus the specter of a complete nationalization of the economy.

The research shows that the authorities had initially tried to recruit craftsmen, and therefore did not emphasize the demands of the nationalization of the workshops. Craft benefited from the short period of post-war prosperity until the year 1947. After that it contracted, which was related to the tightening of the government’s policy towards private property. This was a consequence of the increasing pressure of the USSR to unify economic systems in the socialist countries. However, it should be emphasized that authorities in the economic sphere prioritized the accelerated industrialization of the country and the development of heavy industry. Therefore, craft was tolerated, especially services deemed pertinent to fulfilling the needs of the society. This situation lasted until the year 1956. The importance of craft was emphasized by the representatives of the Democratic Party, but their actual influence on the economic policy of the state was limited.

In summary, it can be stated that the survival of craft was determined by the pragmatism of the authorities, who were willing to tolerate a weak private sector (controlled and under surveillance) while it provided scarce goods and thus reduced social tensions. In addition to that, the government’s priority was the development of heavy industry, which was at the center of the state’s attention. Nevertheless, it cannot be ruled out that if it had not been for the changes that took place after the year 1956, the private sector would have been finally liquidated.
Zlecanie wykonywania funkcji administracji państwowej organizacjom społecznym jako forma uspołecznienia działalności państwa socjalistycznego. Wybrane przykłady
Authors: Blicharz Jolanta
Published: January 2024

Commissioning certain state functions — which consist in transferring the competences held by the state administration to non-state actors (e.g. social organizations) while allowing them to exercise some means of governance while performing said functions — was common practice in socialist states. This led to a shift in the social and political position of organizations of that kind, which in turn strengthened the policital base of a socialist society and ensured the further development of socialist democracy.
Coping with Gender Dysphoria in a Rural Environment during Adolescence
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Luísa , Magalhães Vieira Carlos , Pires Ribeiro Marta , Gonçalves Justino , Ribeiro Paulo
Published: January 2024

Gender dysphoria is socially more visible and discussed today, but still underdiagnosed. It refers to distress and/or impaired function caused by inconsistency between the sex assigned at birth and gender identification. Clinical manifestations are variable. Lack of training and investment in gender issues make the diagnosis and management in primary care complex, particularly in conservative and isolated communities, with poor access to information and specialized health services. We describe the diagnosis of gender dysphoria and use of a patient centered multidisciplinary and family approach in a 12-year-old rural born adolescent, assigned female at birth. Our aim is to raise awareness of early symptoms and signs of gender dysphoria and problems faced by transgender people and their families during childhood, leading to gender dysphoria, and we hope our successful approach might improve healthcare provision for these patients, particularly in rural areas.
White Kupang Flour (Corbula faba hinds), Fish Meal and Coconut Oil Usage on the Broilers Carcass Percentage and Abdominal Fat
Authors: Virgy Dzakina Fahrezy  , Mirni Lamid  , Setiawan Koesdarto  , Emy Koestanti Sabdoningrum  , Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari  , Sunaryo Hadi Warsito
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted to determine the effect of using white mussel flour fish flour and coconut oil on carcass percentage and abdominal fat percentage in broilers. This study used a completely randomized design consist 4 treatments and 5 replications. The study used DOC ( Day Old Chick ) with the strain Lohman MB 202 Platinum for 20 animals . The treatment in this study was ration without using white mussel flour (P0), ration using 10% white mussel flour (P1), ration using 12.5% white mussel flour (P2), ration using 15% white mussel flour (P3). Variables observed were carcass percentage and abdominal fat percentage. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) if there is a significant effect then proceed with Duncan’s Multiple range test significance level of 5%. The results of the analysis showed that P3 showed a significant difference with the control treatment (P0) and treatment P1 (p<0.05). The best broiler carcass percentage was in treatment P3 (76.02%) and P2 (74.7%) while the lowest was in treatment P0 (71.20%). The results of Duncan's test on the percentage of abdominal fat showed that the control treatment (P0), treatment P1, treatment P2, and treatment P3 were not significantly different (p> 0.05).
Family Communication in Indonesian Migrant Worker's Extended Family
Authors: Hastasari Chatia
Published: January 2024

This study aims to know what the communication orientation (conversation and conformity orientation) that occurs in the migrant workers’ extended family is; and what the obstacles to communication orientation that occur in the migrant workers’ extended family are. The lack of job opportunities for women who only graduated from elementary school and junior high school also directly influences the number of female migrant workers working abroad every year. For female migrant workers who already have children, the role of extended families such as the presence of their parents is very important in helping their spouses (husbands) in caring for their children. Using a qualitative approach, the data were gained through the process of interviewing informants. Informants in this study were selected purposively, they were: a woman who looks after her grandchild, aged 58 years (hereinafter referred to X1) and her daughter-in-law who works as a migrant worker, aged 30 years (hereinafter referred to X2); a woman who works as a migrant worker, aged 36 years (hereinafter referred to X3) and her son, aged 18 years (hereinafter referred to X4). X1 has been living with her granddaughter for about 3 years since her daughter-in-law (X2) became a migrant worker in Taiwan in 2018. After the data from the interviews are collected, then by using a triangulation table, the data will be selected based on the needs and similarities of the interview results between informants. From the same data, it is then adjusted to the existing conceptual framework and conclusions are drawn. The results show communication orientation for conversation that occurs in migrant workers' extended family consists of discussions to decide working abroad; when grandmother told her child about her granddaughter's growth, from conversations about school choices to parenting; giving freedom to the child to be able to express and convey their wishes and make decisions based on his own considerations. Meanwhile, the conformity orientation consists of giving advice for the child to be careful in making decisions (think before acting); and behave politely and always maintain health. The advice given is usually in the form of the cultivation of discipline, rules regarding politeness, attitude and also the cultivation of values. Subsequently, the obstacles to communication orientation that occur in migrant worker extended family consist of grandparents' health and grandparents' ability to use technology.

 

Keywords: Extended Family, grand parenting, family communication, and migrant worker
Amphibious uncrewed ground vehicle for coastal surfzone survey
Authors: Bak A. Spicer , Durkin Patrick , Bruder Brittany , Saenz Matthew , Forte Michael , Brodie Katherine
Published: January 2024

The capability of a commercial off-the-shelf amphibious bottom crawling robot is explored for surveying seamless topography and bathymetry across the beachface, surfzone, and very nearshore. A real-time-kinematic (RTK) antenna on a mast was added to the robotic platform, a Bayonet-350 (previously the C2i SeaOx). Data collected from the robot were compared with those collected by the Coastal Research Amphibious Buggy (CRAB) and the Lighter Amphibious Resupply Cargo (LARC), unique amphibious vessels capable of collecting seamless topography and bathymetry in use for decades at the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center’s Field Research Facility (FRF). Data were compared on five different days in a range of wave conditions (Hs < 1 m in 8-m depth) resulting in a root-mean square difference of 8.7 cm and bias of 2 cm for 24 different cross-shore profile comparisons. Additionally, a repeatability test was performed to assess measurement uncertainty. The repeatability test indicated a total vertical uncertainty (TVU) of 5.8 cm, with the highest spatial error at the shoreline.
Framework development for rapid assessment and economic valuation of feral swine damage to wetland terrain : a pilot study at US Army Corps of Engineers–Somerville Lake, Texas
Authors: Beane Nathan , Didero Nicole , McKee Sophie , Psiropoulos Jeremiah , Shwiff Stephanie , Tomlinson William , Price Jaybus , Theel Heather
Published: January 2024

The increased spread and presence of feral swine on sensitive natural resources landscapes like wetlands has become a considerable concern on lands managed by the US Army Corps of Engineers. In August 2021 a pilot study was carried out at Somerville Lake, Texas, as the first step in a three-year research plan to develop an ecological-economic framework for feral swine damage assessments (FSDA) and valuation. The study sought to quantify and value soil disturbance caused by feral swine trampling, rooting, and wallowing on wetland soils. The primary objective—to develop and test a rapid FSDA prototype—was achieved and represents an important first step to creating a quick and user-friendly damage-assessment framework that also estimates the economic value of the damage observed. With continued testing and development, this rapid FSDA protocol will be of use to all who manage feral swine impacts on landscapes with wetland ecosystems, and findings from this information will be of use for scientifically informed cost-benefit analysis and management decision-making.
Konsep Self-Care bagi Konselor di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Nina Nina , Pranajaya* Syatria Adymas
Published: January 2024

Pada masa pandemi, menjaga kesehatan mental adalah hal yang penting untuk mencapai kesehatan psikologis sehingga memahami konsep self-care adalah hal yang penting untuk mempromosikan kesejahteraan mental. Meski demikian, beberapa perawat dan konselor lebih sering fokus terhadap pasien mereka dibandingkan dengan perawatan diri mereka sendiri. Seorang konselor perlu memperhatikan pentingnya mengatur pola makan, tidur, dan aktivitas lainnya agar dapat meningkatkan kesehatan fisik dan psikologis. Hal-hal penting tersebut sering kali terlupakan oleh konselor akibat dari stres, beban kerja berlebih dan kurangnya pemahaman tentang pentingnya menjaga kesejahteraan diri. Berangkat dari masalah ini, artikel ini disusun dengan menggunakan literatur yang bersumber dari buku, jurnal, dan situs web. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa seorang konselor dapat menerapkan beberapa konsep perawatan diri sendiri seperti menjaga pola makan dan kebersihan pribadi, beribadah, berolahraga, melakukan meditasi, berpikir lebih positif dan rasional, dan mampu berinteraksi secara efektif dan aktif dengan klien dan lingkungan sekitarnya.