bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANÁLISE DA SITUAÇÃO HÍDRICA DO EIXO METRÓPOLE NORTE DO PARANÁ (METRONOR), A PARTIR DO EFEITO SPRAWL INDUSTRIAL, OCORRIDO DURANTE AS DÉCADAS DE 1970 E 1980.
Authors: Carneiro Arthur Faiotto , Barbosa Leonardo Cassimiro
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo trata de uma análise, dos possíveis impactos hídricos ocasionados pelo efeito sprawl, na área industrial do eixo Metropolitano Norte do Paraná - Metronor, durante as décadas de 1970 a 1980. Estando esta pesquisa amparada em bases historiográficas e documentais, coletadas a partir do acervo do escritório do Metronor, no LABDOC-UEL, em Londrina-PR. Busca-se investigar mais sobre esta complexa proposta de Metrópole Linear, no norte do estado do Paraná, baseada no fomento à industrialização e provisão de infraestrutura. Tendo a industrialização como diretriz para o desenvolvimento do Estado, os estudos para a proposição do Metronor apresentaram diversos diagnósticos sobre a industrialização do território, os potenciais impactos nos recursos hídricos e as diretrizes para mitigar estes impactos. Através desta investigação foi traçado um panorama do espraiamento industrial presente no eixo do Metronor, em contraponto com as dificuldades hídricas observadas na região, parte delas relacionadas ao plano de colonização que implantou os núcleos urbanos nas áreas de espigões.
Recurrent neural network implementation of digital integrated circuits to mitigate challenges in design verification
Authors: Yeong Ming Keat , Ho Eric Tatt Wei
Published: November 2023

Design verification is the dominant stage that consumes the most resources in the digital integrated circuit (IC) design process. Design verification is important because human designers imperfectly convert high-level specifications to low-level circuit implementations using standard cell logic, which is nonlinear and complex to predict and characterize. The widening process variations in shrinking process technologies while digital designs grow in scale and complexity to the extent of being impossible to fully or intuitively identify all temporal interactions of a specific design. Deep neural networks (DNN) are being progressively integrated into the sophisticated software tool chain and design process flow of digital IC as artificial intelligence can learn relationships and correlations in complex, high-dimensional, and multi-factorial problems. In this work, we propose to apply DNN to implement digital IC to minimize the complexity of digital design verification. We posit that DNN can learn to implement circuit functions directly from high-level specifications without requiring detailed specifications from the designer. Trained neural networks can be implemented on neuromorphic hardware to achieve greater power and compute efficiencies than the conventional standard cell implementation. We demonstrate that over 150 randomly generated finite state machines (FSM) can be learned effectively with Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) comprising Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) with different complexity as indicated by the number of states and inputs to the FSM. Our proposed methodology of learning RNN GRU implementations of FSM demonstrates a way forward to reduce the cost and effort of design verification, ultimately leading towards faster digital IC design cycles.
Investigating the desire of last year dental students towards conducting orthodontic treatments in their future profession
Authors: Sadeghian Ali , Dalaie Kazem , Behnaz Mohammad
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Orthodontics is a significant part of general dentistry education. Yet, many general dentistry graduates seldom practice orthodontics. This study assesses the desire of last-year dental students at Shahid Beheshti Dental School towards orthodontic treatments in their future career.
Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was validated by ten dental specialists. For reliability, it was re-administered to ten students after ten days. Descriptive statistics were used for results presentation. The Mann-Whitney test compared ranked responses, and the Kruskal-Wallis test compared grade point average (GPA) variations. The comparison of mean opinions based on age, gender, and academic term was conducted with the t-test independent samples and based on GPA status with a one-way ANOVA. Analyses were done using SPSS 25, with a significance level of 0.05.
Results: In this study, 58 last-year students were questioned in line with the research objectives. More than half of the students believe that the hours dedicated to teaching orthodontic courses at university are insufficient (65%), the quality of theoretical teaching is low (55%), practical teaching hours and presence in the department are inadequate (48%). Only 15 percent of students declared they have the necessary confidence to diagnose and conduct orthodontic treatments after graduation. About half of the students express an interest in attending supplementary orthodontics courses after graduation (39%).
Conclusion: According to approximately half of the students’ opinions, the quality of teaching theoretical and conceptual orthodontics courses is low. Additionally, students lack the necessary confidence and desire to diagnose, plan, and perform treatments after graduation.
İntrakraniyal kitle cerrahisinde preoperatif dönemdeki ısıtmanın hipotermiyi önlemedeki etkisi
Authors: SEVİM ARTYKOV Merve , GÖKBULUT ÖZASLAN Nihal
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Perioperatif hipotermi anestezi uygulaması sırasında sık karşılaşılan bir sorundur. Amacımız intrakraniyal kitle cerrahisinde hipoterminin hasta üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini önlemek için preoperatif dönemden başlayarak ısıtmanın etkilerini araştırmaktır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Prospektif, randomize olarak intrakraniyal kitle cerrahisi geçiren hastalar iki gruba ayrıldı. Çalışma grubu aktif ısıtma cihazıyla operasyon öncesi ısıtıldı. Kontrol grubuna ise yalnızca pike örtüldü. Her iki grup da intraoperatif dönemde ısıtıldı. 15 dakikada bir vital bulgular (standart monitörizasyona ek olarak invaziv arteriyel kan basıncı),30 dakikada bir vücut sıcaklığı, saatlik olarak arter kan gazından laktat bakıldı. Titreme skorları, toplam anestezi ve operasyon süresi, tüketilen ilaç miktarları, iv mayi ve kanama miktarı not edildi.

Bulgular: Her grupta 36’şar olmak üzere toplam 72 hasta değerlendirildi. Gruplar arasında demografik ve klinik özellikler açısından anlamlı fark yoktu. Gruplar arasında cerrahinin 15-255. dakikaları arasında ölçülen ısı değerleri arasında anlamlı fark bulundu (p
Editorial
Authors: Khakzad Nima
Published: November 2023

Editorial
Improving Safety on Railways Using Systems Engineering and Forecasting
Authors: Loukianov Andrei , Van Gulijk Coen , Van Gelder Pieter , Deacon Sarah , Viduto Valentina , Stumptner Markus
Published: November 2023

Allocation of resources to improve security is crucial when we consider people’s safety on transport systems. We show how a system engineering methodology can be used to link business intelligence and railway specifics toward better value for money. A model is proposed to determine a probability of a success in service management. The forecasting model is a basic Markov Chain. A use case demonstrates a way to align statistical data (crime on stations) and probability of investment into resources (people, security measures, time).
SAFETY AND SECURITY OF SEVESO SITES: STEPPING TOWARDS RESEARCH SYNERGIES AND AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK
Authors: Cozzani Valerio
Published: November 2023

there is no abstract, this is an opinion paper
Dzwony kościelne utracone w czasie II wojny światowej z terenu diecezji kieleckiej. Przyczynek do zagadnienia
Authors: Karkocha Małgorzata
Published: November 2023

The aims of the article is to discuss the losses sustained by the Diocese of Kielce in relation to the sacral bells during the Second World War. This issue was not so far discussed in detail in historical literature.
On the basis of available sources (materials stored in the Archive of the Diocese in Kielce) it should be noted, that during the last war the diocese of Kielce lost more than 160 church bells because of the German military requisition and at least a few as a result of the warfare. The highest intensity of the action of confiscation bells by the Nazis were recorded in 1941–1942, after that time it took place only very occasionally. Among the confiscated bells were 43 antique ones, cast before 1900. The most historical bells, as many as five, lost the Parish of Gnojno. The oldest bell, looted by the Germans from the Church dedicated to the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Książ Mały, was cast in 1500.
The most of the bells made before 1900 was the work of unknown artists. Only a few of them bear the signature of the craftsman. Bells funded in the interwar period came mostly from the three Polish foundries, that is factories of Felczyński Brothers in Kalush (Kałusz) and Przemyśl, workshop of Karl Gustav Schwabe in Biała near Bielsko and the „Bells Foundry Francis Lott, Michael Dziarski and Company” („Odlewnia Dzwonów Franciszek Lott, Michał Dziarski i Spółka”), located in Pustelnik near Warsaw.
Simultaneous identification and quantification of rosmarinic, oleanolic, ursolic and pomolic acids in lamiaceae plants by QNMR method
Authors: Birca Natalia , Barba Alic , Kulcitki Veaceslav
Published: November 2023

qNMR spectroscopy is a convenient analytical method for the investigation of particular components in complex mixtures such as plant extracts, allowing simultaneous qualitative and quantitative determination. Hence, this method was applied to evaluate the rosmarinic and triterpenic acids content in different plant sources as follows Lavandula angustifolia, Melissa Officinalis, Mentha Piperita, Salvia Officinalis, Salvia Sclarea, Rosmarinus Officinalis, Origanum vulgare and a subspecies of the latter Origanum hirtum. The utilization of selective ultrasound assisted extraction, employing 70% aqueous ethanol, has proven to be effective in obtaining enriched extracts containing triterpenic and rosmarinic acids. The quantification of these compounds was carried out basing on 2D HSQC experiments and calibration curves were drawn for rosmarinic, oleanolic, ursolic and pomolic acids using an internal standard. Rosmarinic acid, initially isolated from lemon balm, was found to be present at higher concentrations in the investigated extracts, ranging from 4% to 6%. In contrast, terpenic acids content showed lower values in comparison with their known amount in the investigated plants species. The demonstrated analytical protocol offers several advantages, including a simple and cost-effective extraction method, the use of non-toxic reagents and the application of a versatile method for identification and quantification.
Identification of phenolic compounds from extract of Galium verum
Authors: Ohindovschi Angelica , Cojocaru-Toma Maria
Published: November 2023

The species Galium verum has a long history as a traditional healing herb and attracted attention for intense investigation in recent years as it proves to be a safe, affordable and effective natural health remedy as a choleretic, diuretic or spasmolytic [1]. There is detailed research showing a complex and rich content of phytochemicals in the flowers and leaves of G. verum, with the highest total composition of phenols and flavonoids [2]. For the determination of phenolic compounds, the plant extract was obtained from Galii veri herba, collected during the flowering period and treated with 60 % hydro-ethanol solution (ratio of 1:10). The extraction was performed using a water bath, followed by the removal of solvent with rotary evaporator Laborota 4011. Identification of phenolic compounds was carried out by thin layer chromatography (TLC) in three systems: Ist system– butanol-glacial acetic acid-water (4:1:2), IInd system– chloroform-ethyl alcohol (9:1) and IIIrd system–formic acid-water-ethyl acetate (6:9:90). Table 1. Identification of phenolic compounds in extract of Galii veri herba by TLC.In the chromatographic study of the extract from G.veri herba, in all three systems, identified compounds of phenolic nature including four hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, chlorogenic, p-coumaric and gallic) and six flavonoids (rutosid, hyperosid, quercetin, isoquercetin, apigenin, quercitrin) with a more successful separation in the chloroform-ethyl alcohol system (9:1). The extract of Galii veri herba is rich in phenolic compounds and can be used for further preclinical and clinical studies.
THE INFLUENCE OF AUDIO-VISUAL VIDEO MEDIA ON KNOWLEDGE IN EFFORTS TO PREVENT SEXUAL VIOLENCE AGAINST ADOLESCENTS WITH DISABILITIES AT SLB SHANTI KOSALA NGANJUK
Authors: Kurniasari Mia Ashari , Frenty Nurkhalim Ratna
Published: November 2023

Background: In Indonesia, teenagers account for one-quarter of the population. The focus of national development is on teenagers. Teenagers with disabilities are of particular concern due to their numerous restrictions, particularly in reproductive health education. They often experience health problems, especially sexual and reproductive health. Reproductive health education is the right solution for people with disabilities so that they can increase their knowledge in sexual violance so that they can protect themselves from a person. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of audio-visual video media on knowledge in efforts to prevent sexual violence among disabled teenagers. Method: We included all of the student that attend the school on the day of data collection. We used questionnaire to collect the data and the analytical test used was the Wilxocon Rank Test. Result: there was an increase in knowledge before implementing health education using audio-visual media, primarily 13.6%, with the high knowledge group comprising 54.5%. Meanwhile, the low knowledge group dropped from 86.4% to 45.5%. The Wilxocon Rank Test value is p= 0.035, indicating that audio-visual media has a significant influence on knowledge. Conclussion: There is an influence of audio-visual media with information in attempts to prevent sexual violence against disabled youth at SLB. Shanti Kosala Nganjuk.
Comorbidities in Patients with Gout
Authors: BODAKÇİ Erdal
Published: November 2023

Patients with gout frequently have multiple comorbidities, including hypertension(HT), cardiovascular disease (CVD), renal impairment, diabetes mellitus(DM), obesity, hyperlipidemia(HL) or metabolic syndrome. These comorbidities and their treatment may have an effect on the choice of therapeutic agent. This study was to identify the comorbidities of gout. The study retrospectively investigated the demographic, clinical, and biochemical variables and comorbid factors of patients diagnosed with gout who applied to the rheumatology department between December 2019 and April 2023. 384 gout patients were included (mean age 63.4 years; men 71.6%). 299 (77.9%) of the patients received a diagnosis for the first time. The number of patients with comorbidities was 319 (83.0%). Hypertension was the most common comorbidity, observed in 255 patients (58.5%). Other comorbid diseases were HL in 140 patients (36.4%), kidney disease in 132 patients (34.3%), coronary artery disease(CAD) in 120 patients (31.2%), DM in 100 patients (26.0%), heart failure in 65 patients (16.9%), osteoporosis in 45 patients (11.7%), liver disease in 26 patients (6.7%), stroke in 25 patients (6.5%), other diseases in 20 patients (5.2%), malignancy in 18 patients (4.6%) and the number of patients without any comorbidities was 65 (16.9%). Comorbidities in gout are very common and add further to the disease's morbidity and make its management challenging. Patients with gout should therefore screened for comorbidities and risk factors, which should be addressed as an important part of gout management.
Single port partial nephrectomy: techniques and outcomes
Authors: Ditonno Francesco , Franco Antonio , Manfredi Celeste , De Nunzio Cosimo , De Sio Marco , Antonelli Alessandro , Autorino Riccardo
Published: November 2023

Nephron-sparing surgery is the standard treatment for cT1 renal masses, and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) has gained popularity due to its minimally invasive nature and potential advantages in terms of earlier discharge and lower post-operative pain. The Da Vinci Single Port® (SP) system offers the advantages of a smaller incision and the ability to work in smaller spaces. This narrative review aims to address the technical aspects and collect existing evidence on surgical, oncological, and functional outcomes of SP RAPN. Initial experiences with SP RAPN have demonstrated safety and feasibility, both through transperitoneal and retroperitoneal approaches. Several studies have reported similar peri- and post-operative outcomes between SP and multi-port RAPN. Overall, SP RAPN appears to be a promising technique that expands the role of retroperitoneal approaches. This holds the potential to expedite post-operative recovery and minimize hospital stays.
Investigation of all-cause mortality and associated factors in patients diagnosed with COVID-19: A Cohort Study
Authors: SÜNER Ahmet Furkan , EMECEN Ahmet Naci , KESKİN Salih , ŞİYVE Neslişah , BAŞOĞLU ŞENSOY Ecem , TURUNÇ Öykü , ÜNAL Belgin
Published: November 2023

Objective: This study aims to investigate the extent and associated factors of all-cause mortality in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in a hospital for over a one-year follow-up period. Methods: This cohort study was conducted on the patients who applied and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in the Dokuz Eylul University Hospital which is a large tertiary healthcare facility in Izmir, Turkey, between 19.03.2020 and 31.05.2021. The study included 8955 adult patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression models were used to examine the relationships between demographic and clinical characteristics and mortality. Results: The cumulative all-cause mortality rate was 4.7% in Covid 19 patients. Patients over 80 years old had a significantly higher risk of death compared to those younger than 50 years old (aHR:22.3; 95% CI: 10.4-47.7). Current or ex-smokers had a higher risk of death compared to non-smokers (aHR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1-2.4). Patients without any complaints before diagnosis had a higher risk of death compared to those with three or more complaints (aHR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2-2.6). Patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit had a significantly higher risk of death compared to outpatients (aHR: 62.3; 95% CI: 37.6-101.9). Conclusions: In COVID-19 patients, the cumulative all-cause mortality rate was 4.7%; age, smoking, having a chronic disease, number of complaints prior to diagnosis, and admission status were identified as independent risk factors. Elderly people with chronic diseases need to be prioritized for preventive measures.
GENDER (IN)EQUALITY AND WORK-LIFE (IM)BALANCE IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY LABOUR: PERSPECTIVES OF TOURISM ORGANISATIONS IN PORTUGAL
Authors: Costa Carlos , SEYITOĞLU Faruk , Malta Ana Maria , MARTINS Mariana
Published: November 2023

Purpose – This research note explores the perceptions of key stakeholders in tourism organisations regarding gender equality and work-life balance in the Portuguese tourism and hospitality industry. Methodology/Design/Approach – Eleven key stakeholders representing tourism organisations in Portugal were interviewed to obtain qualitative data. A content analysis was then conducted to uncover themes and sub-themes. Findings – The results show two main themes, including sub-themes: Gender inequality (partial gender equality, lack of gender salary equality, lack of women in higher positions, and gender inequality in career advancement) and work-life balance (the difficulty of balancing work and personal/family life and the need for better conditions for women accompanying children). Originality of the research – his study highlights gender equality and work-life balance in the tourism and hospitality industry from the perspective of managers of the leading tourism organisations in Portugal. The study also provides critical implications and future directions based on the findings.
Phytotherapy Might Have a Role in Reducing Unnecessary Prostate Biopsies: Results From an Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial of Two Different Phytotherapeutic Agents
Authors: Cai Tommaso , Tamanini Irene , Puglisi Marco , Bizzotto Leonardo , Rizzo Michele , Liguori Giovanni , Gallelli Luca , Palmieri Alessandro , Bjerklund Johansen Truls E
Published: November 2023

Background: We aimed to evaluate the impact of two different phytotherapeutic agents on the decision making regarding prostate biopsy in patients with higher-than-normal prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. Methods: From June 2022 to May 2023, all patients attending two urological institutions due to higher-than-normal PSA levels were randomized to receive either oral capsules of Curcuma Longa, Boswellia, Pinus pinaster and Urtica dioica (Group A) or Serenoa Repens 320 mg (Group B), for 3 months. At the follow-up visit after 3 months all patients underwent PSA test and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). Results: In the per-protocol analysis, data from 66 patients in Group A and 76 in Group B were analyzed. Fifty patients in Group A (75.7%) showed a significant reduction of total PSA compared to 49 in Group B (64.4%) (p<0.001). Twenty-eight patients had PI-RADS III or higher at mpMRI: 12 in Group A and 14 in Group B. Twenty-three patients (34.8%) in Group A underwent prostate biopsy based on mpMRI findings and PSA values and 59 (77.6%) in Group B (p<0.001). Three patients in Group A showed a significant reduction of total PSA value while having positive findings at mpMRI (6%) compared with 9 in Group B (19.5%) (p<0.001). On the contrary, 7 patients in Group A did not show a significant reduction of total PSA value and had negative findings at mpMRI (43%) compared to 22 in Group B (81.4%) (p<0.001). Conclusions: In conclusion, a three-month course of a combination of Curcuma Longa, Boswellia, Pinus pinaster, and Urtica dioica seems an interesting tool to avoid unnecessary prostate biopsies in men with higher-than-normal PSA levels.
Algorithm for Propeller Optimization Based on Differential Evolution
Authors: Sedelnikov Andry , Kurkin Evgenii , Quijada-Pioquinto Jose Gabriel , Lukyanov Oleg , Nazarov Dmitriy , Chertykovtseva Vladislava , Kurkina Ekaterina , Hoang Van Hung
Published: November 2023

This article describes the choice of an optimization algorithm for solving problems and the optimal design of an unmanned aerial vehicle propeller. To solve the problem using evolutionary algorithms, it was transformed into an unconstrained optimization problem using a penalty function. The airfoil contours were constructed using a Bezier curve. Design variables were divided into two types: those that describe in general terms the propeller geometry or operation, such as propeller diameter, number of blades, and rev/min; and those that vary with propeller radius, such as chord length, effective airfoil angle, and airfoil geometry. The objective function is the calculation of the propeller power required to achieve a given thrust. The differential evolution algorithm was used to solve this problem.
Ultrasound Experimental Approach for Knee Intra-articular Femur-Tibia Movements at Different Loads
Authors: Ivanov Ivan , Ranchev Sergey
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the present study was to develop an experimental model for studying of the intra-articular knee movements depending on the work of the knee joint and applied muscle groups in isometric stretching conditions with different tens. The experimental procedure includes ultrasound examination of a knee joint after isometric stretching of healthy men (n=32). The changes in millimeters of the distances between the femur and tibia were measured with ultrasound sonographer at three stages. The first stage was performed on ten (n=10) healthy men at five different sitting and upright positions. In the second and third experimental model stages the lower limbs loading was on 22 participants. Our hypothesis which was confirmed, was that as a result of increasing extraloads on the participants back (2, 5, 10, 15, 17, 20 kg), a intra-articular decrease in the femur-tibia cartilage surface distance wiil be observed. The accuracy of the created experimental model was improved over its three stages from 30% to 9%. Quantitative model data can help to create a mathematical model for the mechanical effects during deformation of the knee joint bone cartilage, as well as to outlines the some future tasks: increasing loading weights; enlarge participant groups; comparison men and women; healthy and pathology comparison.
Using Artificial Neural Network Methods to Increase the Sensitivity of Distance Protection
Authors: Ustinov Denis , Abou rashid Aysar
Published: November 2023

To protect power lines, distance relays are used which can rely on a modified distance resistance. But usually the operating range of these relays changes as the network conditions change (network topology, load value, output value, etc.) and leads to false trips, By using methods that can process information and recognize patterns, for example, the use of micro and intelligent processor algorithms can use the new relays with high precision and thus provide adequate protection. In this study, a distance relay was modeled using a neural network, and it was observed that the neural relay had higher accuracy than the conventional relay. In addition to detecting the fault and its location, type and phase of the fault, three-stage simultaneous protection can be performed. As a result, the number of linear relays can be reduced by using relays based on neural technologies. An MLP (multilayer perceptron) neural network is used to model a sequence of distances.
Mitochondrial Respiration, Cardiac Function and Hemodynamics in Rats on High-Calorie Diets with Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
Authors: Ivanov Evgenii , Akhmetshina Marina , Erdiakov Aleksei , Gizatulina Albina , Gavrilova Svetlana
Published: November 2023

In a 24-week-long experiment, 31 rats were assigned to one of 3groups: a Control group receiving standard chow and water, a Fructose group receiving standard chow and a 20% fructose solution, or an STZ+lipids group that received a fat-enriched diet following a single 25 mg/kg streptozotocin injection at the onset of the diet. The STZ+lipids group exhibited hyperglycemia, hyperketonemia, and a decline in both heart rate and cardiac function. Conversely, there were no significant bio-chemical differences between the Fructose and Control groups. However, the Fructose group experienced a more pronounced decrease in heart function. Respirometric analyses unveiled a substantial increase in mitochondrial respiration across all adipose tissue types in both dietary intervention groups, with greater changes observed in the Fructose group. Correlation analyses demonstrated a positive association between respiratory indices and fat volume, heart function, and tissue blood flow in the Control group. In the STZ+lipids and Fructose groups, respiratory indices exhibited a positive correlation with heart rate and a negative correlation with dietary exposure characteristics. Overall, the markedly elevated mitochondrial respiration rate observed in rats subjected to hypercaloric diets was linked to characteristics indicative of dietary resilience, rather than measures of circulation.
Comparative Analysis of the GH/IGF-1 Axis during the First 2 Sixth Months in Children with Low Birth Weight
Authors: Diniz Luciana Pessoa Maciel , Cavalcante Taisy Cinthia Ferro , Silva Amanda Alves Marcelino
Published: November 2023

Objective: To analyze the relation between alterations in the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) axis during the first 6 months of life and weight in children born in the Lower Middle São Francisco region.
Methods: This is an analytical cohort, with a quantitative approach and a translational perspective. Thirty children with low and normal birth weight were initially identified in a hospital and reapproached at 3 and 6 months of age. Birth weight and alterations in GH/IGF-1 curves at birth, third month, and sixth month of life.
Results: Weight gain during the 6 months of follow-up in newborns with low birth weight was greater compared to newborns with normal birth weight. All children who were born with low birth weight had an altered GH/IGF-1 curve at birth (p = 0.002). Most newborns with low birth weight maintained the alteration in the GH/IGF-1 curve at the third month of life (p = 0.027). Regarding the GH/IGF-1 curve at the sixth month, alteration persisted in greater proportion among children with low birth weight.
Conclusion: Alterations in insulin resistance markers, demonstrated by increased GH without a proportional increase in IGF-1, were observed to be significant in children with low birth weight, with greater adiposity in this group, which may increase the risk of metabolic diseases in later life.
Çağdaşlaşma Sürecinde Osmanlı İstanbul’unda Bebek Bakımı
Authors: GÖKTAŞ CENGİZ Gül Hanım
Published: November 2023

Dönüşüm çağı, en uzun yüzyıl gibi farklı ifadelerle betimlenen 19. yüzyıl Osmanlı’da her alanda çağdaşı Avrupa merkezi odaklı değişimlerin dönemidir. Yüzyılın sonlarında değişim merkezinde toplumun en küçük bireyleri çocuklar bulunmaktadır. Dinsel ve kültürel çeşitliliğin merkezi başkent İstanbul onların hayatında doğum, beslenme ve bakım aşamalarının geleneksellik ile yeniliklerin harmanlanarak hissedildiği yerin başlangıcıdır. Çalışmanın amacı, şüphesiz çağdaşı devletlerde olduğu gibi Osmanlı İstanbul’unda çocuk ölümlerinin çoğunluğunu oluşturan 0-2 yaş grubunun beslenme ve bakım plânını incelemektir. Alanında uzman hekimlerce kaleme alınan özellikle Besim Ömer’in bebek bakım kılavuzları araştırmanın başlıca kaynaklarıdır. Yine dönem değişimleri ve yansımalarının yakından izlendiği çoğunlukla kadın, çocuk dergi ve gazeteleri, hatıratlardan gereğince faydalanılmıştır. Bu kaynaklarda ağırlıkta kadın yazarların çağdaş bebek bakım yöntemlerine dair bilgi ve tecrübelerini aktarması hem cinslerini etkileme noktasında ilgi çekici bir ayrıntıdır. Bu çerçevede anne sütü temelli beslenme, sterilize edilen hayvan sütleri, çağdaş beslenme bakım araç-gereçleriyle bebek bakım yöntemlerinin ne kadarının Osmanlı evlerinde uygulandığı merak konusudur. Bir taraftan savaşlar ve sonuçları itibariyle son derece yoğun ve yorgun yıllar geçiren Osmanlı’nın diğer taraftan yaşadığı insan kayıplarını sağlıklı yenidoğan dünyaya getirme ve hayat kalitesini arttırma noktasında bebek bakım yöntemlerini geliştirmeye çalışması çağdaş tıbbın nimetlerinden faydalanması oldukça dikkate değer hususlardır.
The Mapping Students' Critical Thinking Ability on Vibration and Wave Material
Authors: Yuliastrin Adisti , Vebrianto Rian , Fiqri Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Students' critical thinking skills are very important in facing the challenges of the 21st century. The purpose of this research is to determine the level of students' critical thinking. The benefit of this research is to obtain test results related to students' critical thinking abilities. The methodology in this study used a survey method involving 75 students who were taken randomly. The instrument used is in the form of critical thinking questions which are distributed via gform. The data obtained was analyzed using SPSS. Based on the survey results it is known that the number of subjects is 75 respondents consisting of 48 women and 27 men. Based on the survey results, it is also known that the average student's critical thinking skills are in the good category with a score that can be explained in detail, namely giving simple explanations (8.0), building basic skills (7.9), making inferences (7.8). provide further explanation (7.6) and set strategies and techniques in solving science questions (7.9). In conclusion, the construct that has the highest average value is to provide a simple explanation with an average value of 8.0 and the lowest is to provide a further explanation of 7.6. The recommendation from this study is that students' critical thinking skills still need to be improved and teachers can use the instruments that have been used.
Novel Structural Aspects of Heavy-Crude-Derived Asphaltene Molecules for Investigating the Crude Mix Processability in Refinery Operation
Authors: Das Raj K. , Voolapalli Ravi K. , Upadhyayula Sreedevi , Kumar Rajeev
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we investigate the role of asphaltenes derived from heavy crudes, which dictates the behavior of crude mix properties for hassle-free downstream refinery operation. Combined characterization techniques such as proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning carbon-13 (CP/MAS 13C)-NMR, heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (HSQC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are used for the detailted study of Ratwai and Ras Gharib (RG)-derived asphaltenes to validate their structural role in selecting the optimal crude mix. As per our investigation, when the polyaromatic core of asphaltene structures are less substituted, the availability of aromatic hydrogen is more; it exhibits a stable crude mix as compared to heavy crudes that have more aromatic core substitution, despite the crudes possessing similar asphaltene content and physicochemical properties. This finding is further extended to West Canadian (WC) and Belayim (BL) heavy crudes for operational suitability. In this study, the key feature is to develop a CP/MAS 13C-NMR-based robust and quick characterization technique that could potentially become a prescreening method to assess crude oil compatibility and its various blend processability in the refinery system. Other characterization techniques, such as 1H-NMR, HSQC, FTIR, TGA, and XRD, would corroborate and confirm the reliability of the data obtained by CP/MAS 13C-NMR.
Simulation study of atmosphere-ionosphere variations driven by the eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai on 15 January 2022
Authors: Shinagawa Hiroyuki , Miyoshi Yasunobu
Published: November 2023

The volcano of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai in Tonga erupted on 15 January 2022, generating severe disturbances in the atmosphere and the ionosphere. This event provided us with large amount of data of the atmosphere and the ionosphere, and various kinds of observational studies have been made. Recently several simulation studies have also been made to reproduce and understand the atmosphere-ionosphere variations driven by the volcanic eruption. Although the simulation studies have reproduced the global variations of the atmosphere and the ionosphere successfully, phenomena related with acoustic waves have not been fully investigated. We employed an axisymmetric three-dimensional nonhydrostatic atmospheric model and the whole atmosphere-ionosphere coupled model GAIA. We found that the simulation can produce various kinds of atmospheric waves generated by the eruption, such as acoustic waves, gravity waves, Lamb waves, Pekeris waves, and TIDs concentrically propagating from the eruption site, and atmospheric oscillations with a period of a few minutes. In addition, the results indicate that the eruption generates supersonic shock waves in the volcanic region, leading to the extremely large vertical oscillations in the thermosphere and ionosphere above the volcanic eruption region.
Risk of glaucoma with bisphosphonate use in patients with osteoporosis
Authors: He Bonnie , Etminan Mahyar , Darwich Rami , Eadie Brennan
Published: November 2023

Purpose Bisphosphonates (BPs) are first line agents commonly used in the management of osteoporosis. There have been two case reports that have suggested a possible link between BPs and acute angle closure (AAC). In the absence of any large epidemiologic studies, we sought to determine the risk of AAC and OAG with bisphosphonate use in patients with osteoporosis.Methods This was a retrospective cohort study with a case control analysis from 2008–2018. The study used the PharMetrics Plus Database (IQVIA, USA) which captures health claims for over 150 million unique patients, with fully adjudicated pharmacy and medical claims, and represents all geographic areas of the United States. 208,111 patients with osteoporosis were included in the study. AAC and OAG cases were defined by an ICD-9/10 code and had to have at least one prescription for bisphosphonate every 3 months in the year prior to the index date. The date of the first event of AAC was designated as the index date.Results Bisphosphonate users were more likely to develop AAC than non-users (adjusted IRR = 1.78, 95%CI [1.05–3.01]). In particular, those on risedronate were more likely to develop AAC compared to patients who used other formulations of bisphosphonates (adjusted IRRs = 2.12, 95%CI [1.05–3.01]). There was no risk for OAG with bisphosphonate use.Conclusions Patients with osteoporosis who used BPs were at a higher risk for AAC compared to those who did not, and those who were on risedronate were more likely to develop AAC compared to patients who used other types of bisphosphonates.
Rural-Urban Differences in Cancer Information Seeking in the United States: Implications for Health Communication and Intervention
Authors: Lopez Gilberto , Marinez Sarah , Mattie Heather
Published: November 2023

This study investigates rural-urban differences in cancer information-seeking behaviors in the United States, with implications for health communication and interventions. Using data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), provided by the National Cancer Institute at the National Institute of Health (NIH), the study analyzes the association between rurality and cancer information-seeking behaviors, controlling for sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and social resource variables. The study finds that residents of isolated rural areas have lower odds of seeking cancer information compared to urban residents, even after adjusting for other factors. In addition, women, those with higher education, and those with better access to the internet are more likely to seek cancer information. The study suggests that tailored interventions that account for the social context of each rural environment might help increase health information seeking across rural areas. The study also highlights the importance of accurate and timely health information during public health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study provides insights into the role of social context and communication technologies in shaping health behaviors and can inform interventions to improve cancer information seeking and dissemination in rural areas.
Origins of polysaccharide conformation and viscoelasticity in miscible heterogeneous solvent
Authors: Yakubov Gleb , Borah Pallab Kumar , Irani Amir , Reid Joshua , MacCalman Thomas , Westberry Benjamin , Dinu Vlad , Prochasson Philippe , Boehm Michael , Harding Stephen , Nicholson Reed , Williams Martin , Baier Stefan
Published: November 2023

Polysaccharide polymers constitute the fundamental building blocks of life and display a diverse set of conformational states which results in complex viscoelastic behaviour of their solutions; the origins of which needs further understanding. Utilising a model high molecular weight, high Trouton ratio ‘pectin’ polysaccharide extracted from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) mucilage, we combine computer simulations and experimental data to unveil the underlying microscopic hydrodynamic origins of polysaccharide conformation. In miscible heterogenous solvents of water and glycerol, the polysaccharide chain undergoes a conformational transition from swelled-to-collapsed configurations, resulting in marked viscoelastic response. The conformational transition is entropy driven. Molecularly adsorbed water molecules have increased presence within ca. 0.40 nm of the chain surface with increase of glycerol in the solvent composition, thus indicating the emergence of preferential solvation. This preferential solvation elicits an entropically unfavourable dynamic solvent heterogeneity, which is lessened by swelling and collapse of polysaccharide chains. Altering the preferential solvation layer by adjusting solvent composition allows for precise control of chain conformation and viscoelastic parameters. Our results provide an essential missing piece of the puzzle that is inaccessible through mean-field assumptions and offer new fundamental insights applicable in biological, biomedical, and engineering applications, including microrheological flows, microfluidics, bio-inkjet printing, as well as in pharmacological and food formulations.
Study-Phase Reinstatement: Encoding Spontaneous Thoughts as Memories
Authors: Kahana Michael , Halpern David , Lega Bradley , Gross Robert , Wu Chengyuan , Sperling Michael , Aaronson Joshua , Jobst Barbara
Published: November 2023

Can the brain improve the retrievability of an experience after it has occurred? Systems consolidation theory proposes that cortical reactivation during extended post-encoding rest periods facilitates the formation of stable memory representations, a prediction supported by neural evidence in humans and animals. Such reactivation may also occur on short time scales as spontaneous thoughts come to mind during encoding, offering a potential account of classic list memory phenomena but lacking in support from neural data. Leveraging the high-temporal specificity of intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG), we investigate spontaneous reactivation of previously experienced items during brief sub-second intervals between individual encoding events. Across two large-scale free recall experiments, we show that reactivation, as measured by spectral iEEG similarity, during these periods predicts subsequent recall. In a third experiment, we show that the same methodology can identify post-encoding reactivation that correlates with subsequent memory, consistent with previous results. Thus, spontaneous study-phase reinstatement reliably predicts memory behavior, linking psychological accounts to neural mechanisms and providing the first such evidence for rapid consolidation processes during encoding.
Loneliness among older adults who have experienced homelessness: qualitative findings from the HOPE HOME study
Authors: Yuan Yeqing , Knight Kelly R. , Weeks John , King Stephen , Olsen Pamela , Kushel Margot
Published: November 2023

Background
Loneliness is more common in older adults and those who face structural vulnerabilities, including homelessness. The homeless population is aging. We know little about loneliness among older adults who have experienced homelessness. We aimed to describe the loneliness experience among older adults who have experienced homelessness and the individual, social, and structural conditions that shaped these loneliness experiences.
Methods
We purposively sampled 22 older adults from the HOPE HOME study, a longitudinal cohort study among adults aged 50 years or older experiencing homelessness in Oakland, California. We conducted in-depth interviews about participants’ perceived social support and social isolation. We conducted qualitative content analysis.
Results
Twenty participants discussed loneliness experience, who had a median age of 57 and were mostly Black (80%) and men (65%). We developed a typology of participants’ loneliness experience and explored the individual, social, and structural conditions under which each loneliness experience occurred. We categorized the loneliness experience into four groups: 1) “lonely – distressed”, characterized by physical impairment and severe isolation; 2) “lonely – rather be isolated”, reflecting deliberate social isolation as a result of trauma, marginalization and aging-related resignation; 3) “lonely – transient”, as a result of aging, acceptance and grieving; and 4) “not lonely” – characterized by stability and connection despite having experienced homelessness.
Conclusions
Loneliness is a complex and heterogenous social phenomenon, with older adults who have experienced homelessness exhibiting diverse loneliness experiences based on their individual life circumstances and needs. While the most distressing loneliness experience occurred among those with physical impairment and mobility challenges, social and structural factors such as interpersonal and structural violence during homelessness shaped these experiences.
A Proposed PMU-based Voltage Stability and Critical Bus Detection Method using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Putranto Lesnanto Multa , Azhar Izzuddin Fathin
Published: November 2023

Voltage stability detection is currently still becoming the main issue in the modern power system which renewable energy integrated. Classical method to assess the voltage stability require complete model of power system, power system analysis and long computation time. In the data driven analysis and synchronized measurement era, the model can be proposed based on the historical data to deal with the complexity. For that reason, the voltage stability and critical bus detection based on ANN algorithm with the instantaneous PMU measurement is proposed. Seven hidden layers consisted of one normalization, four rectifier linear unit, one softmax and one sigmoid layer are formulated to do the detection. To measure the accuracy, the k-fold cross-validation is used. The proposed model is simulated on modified IEEE 14 test system which consider different loading scenario, line contingency, number of PMU and PV integration. To mimic the actual historical data, the synthetic data is generated and labelled. The result shows that the proposed method can represent the complete power system model by giving high accuracy which for voltage stability detection is > 97% and critical buses detection is > 96% for all scenarios. Moreover, the required computation time is between 16–18 second per detection which make the scalability to the real time detection is reasonable.
Solution of convection-diffusion model in groundwater pollution
Authors: Rashidinia Jalil , Momeni Arefeh , Molavi-Arabshahi Mahboubeh
Published: November 2023

This research involves in the development of the spectral collocation method using Bernoulli polynomials to the solution for time fractional convection-diffusion problems arising in groundwater pollution. The main aim is to develop the operational matrices as well as fractional derivative. The advantage of our approach is to orthogonalize the Bernoulli polynomials for sake of creating sparse operational matrices for derivatives in which having one sub diagonal non-zero entries only, andalso creating operational matrix for fractional derivative to obtained the diagonal matrix. Due to these, the convergence of our approach is fast with low cost computations. Discussion on the error analysis for the presented approach is given. Two test problems are considered to illustrate the effectiveness and applicability of our method. The maximum absolute error inthe computed solution compare with the existing method in the literature. The comparison shows that our method is more accurate and easy implemented