bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of the mechanical properties of concrete incorporating simultaneous utilization of fine and coarse recycled aggregate
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Anna University, Chennai (India), Sinduja Joseph Herbert , Pachiappan Thamilselvi ,   Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción (Chile), Avudaiappan Siva ,   Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción (Chile), Guindos Pablo ,   Department of Structural & Geotechnical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Published: May 2023

The mechanical properties of concrete were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) and fuzzy logic. The aggregate portion of the concrete was replaced with recycled aggregate to address the environmental problems caused by building demolition wastes. The essential key factors that influenced the suitability of recycled aggregate in concrete applications are the compressive strength (CS), flexural strength (FS), and the split tensile strength (STS). The experiments were designed with nine combinations of two input factors (percentage of coarse and fine recycled aggregates) at different levels 30, 60, and 100%. Furthermore, optimization techniques were used to determine the strong correlations between the variables and the mechanical parameters. Such optimization techniques helped to identify the optimistic maximum strength for replacing 44% coarse and 65% fine recycled aggregate. Using RSM, the maximum strength results were found to be: CS at 7, 28, 56, and 90 days were 23.61, 35.04, 40.02, and 43.63 N/mm2, respectively, FS 3.6 N/mm2 and STS 2.0 N/mm2. The maximum strength parameters were found using fuzzy logic: CS at 7, 28, 56, and 90 days were 23.5, 35.8, 41, and 46.7 N/mm2, respectively, FS 4.13 N/mm2 and STS 1.97 N/mm2. Such optimization can be carried out to lower the material wastage, energy consumption, and expenses for the production.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF BUTHUR-I-LABANIYYA (ACNE VULGARIS) IN THE UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
Authors: . Sheema , . Sidra , Naaz Iram
Published: May 2023

One of the most prevalent dermatological conditions affecting adolescents is Acne vulgaris. In the Unani System of Medicine, acne vulgaris is termed Buthur-i-labaniyya. It has been defined by eminent Unani scholars as a skin condition characterized by small eruptions on the cheeks and nose that resemble condensed milk drops, hence the name is given Buthur-i-labaniyya (Milky eruptions). Acne vulgaris is a pilosebaceous unit disease characterized by the development of small eruptions that can be Papules, Pustules, Nodules, Comedones or Cysts. Although severe acne is not lifethreatening, it can have an impact on social and mental health. There is a temporary treatment for acne in modern medicine, but it has several negative effects. Today, it is imperative to treat them with minimal or no negative effects. The Unani physicians have historically treated acne vulgaris. The Unani System of Medicine provides a therapeutic approach based on the consumption of oral blood purifiers by use of topical Unani drugs with Antiinflammatory, Analgesic, Wound healing, and detergent qualities all of which are best tolerated by adults and adolescents. Numerous single and compound preparations that can be used topically and orally to treat acne vulgaris are available in the Unani medical system. These drugs work effectively and are safe, affordable, and well-tolerated. The focus of the current review is on the etiopathogenesis and treatment of acne using USM medications
Enhancing Productivity and Profitability in Wheat through Rotavator in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Dey Anwesha , Singh H. P.
Published: May 2023

The rice-wheat cropping system of the Indo-Gangetic region acts as the backbone of Indian agriculture feeding and providing livelihood to millions. Resource conservation technologies (RCTs) like rotavator has several positive effects such as early sowing of wheat, reducing land preparation time and cost, increasing soil organic content by incorporating the paddy stubbles, higher profits etc. The rotavator adopters in the study area earned an incremental net income of Rs. 7664.95 per ha and also the total cost of cultivation was reduced by Rs 1379.86 per ha. On an investment of Re one, the rotavator adopters earn a return of Rs. 0.81 whereas the non-adopters earn only Rs. 0.56. Adoption of this RCT offers several economic benefits to the respondents thus, making them economically better off than the non-adopters. The main reason for adopting the technology is the early sowing of wheat, which directly leads to better grain quality and quantity. Despite so many benefits, there are a few constraints in the adoption of rotavator, the major ones being the high custom hiring charges, non-availability of the machine on time or hire basis and high purchasing cost of the machine. Rotavator has the potential to play a significant role in boosting wheat production nationwide by overcoming constraints.
Service Quality Model towards Passenger Satisfaction at Sultan Hasanuddin Makassar International Airport
Authors: Nur Mulyadi , Yahya Muhammad , Sidiq Darlan , Wahyudi  , Sabur Fatmawati
Published: May 2023

The introduction of practical subjects of employment includes the development of vocational competencies, personality competencies, social competencies, soft skills, work skills, technical skills, vocational careers, payroll systems, work systems, work safety, labor regulations and legislation and so on. Based on this, a research study aims to determine 1) The effect of check in counter facilities on passenger satisfaction at Sultan Hasanuddin Makassar international airport. 2) The effect of AVSEC facilities on passenger satisfaction at Sultan Hasanuddin Makassar international airport. 3) The effect of flight safety facilities on passenger satisfaction at Sultan Hasanuddin Makassar international airport. 4) The effect of supporting facilities on passenger satisfaction at Sultan Hasanuddin Makassar international airport. 5) The effect of baggage facilities on passenger satisfaction at Sultan Hasanuddin Makassar international airport. 6) The effect of facilities (check in counter, AVSEC, flight safety, support, and baggage) on passenger satisfaction at Sultan Hasanuddin Makassar international airport. The research method used is a type of survey research with a strong approach. The test results show that F observed is greater than F table. Therefore, the research hypothesis is accepted. The quality-of-service model, after conducting multiple linear regression analysis, is further analyzed to determine the magnitude of the influence through partial determination coefficient analysis. The significance of the influence can be seen from the results of the F-test with a confidence level of 95% or a = 0.05%. Passenger satisfaction, if there are no independent variables (X1 to X5 = 0), then passenger satisfaction is only a certain value, while if each respondent's answer increases by 1 point for the independent variable answers (X1 to X5 = result increases), it is estimated that the tendency of passenger satisfaction will increase.
Influence of Zinc and Boron on Yield and Economics of Cowpea
Authors: Raju Ramayanam Surya Vardhan , Dawson Joy , Harsha Teladala , Gowthami Sivangula
Published: May 2023

“A field experiment was conducted at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, UP, during the autumn season of 2022 on sandy loam soil. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Block Design supplemented by Zinc (10, 15, 20 kg/ha) and Boron (1, 1.5, 2 kg/ha)”. The variety Kashi Nidhi was used and sown in July 2022. The results revealed that the crop supplemented with 20 kg/ha Zinc + 2 kg/ha boron increased significantly in yield parameters viz., no. of pods per plant (19.7), no. of seeds per pod (15.6), seed yield (1.28 t/ha) and stover yield (2.43 t/ha). This treatment also showed a positive effect on economics viz., gross returns (84029.00 INR/ha), net returns (56369.00 INR/ha) and B: C (1:2.03).
A Review of Improved Cooker Stove Utilization Levels, Challenges and Benefits in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Kaputo Kingsley , Mwanza Mabvuto , Talai Stephen
Published: May 2023

Many attempts to enhance cooking stoves have been implemented in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). These programs aim to limit indoor air pollution, improve the lives of women, reduce the usage of fuel (charcoal), which reduces deforestation, alleviate the financial burden of energy costs on low-income people, and improve user health by lowering environmental toxins. Other objectives include reducing global warming and improving the social well-being of people in developing countries. The efficiency of the Improved Cookstove programs has gotten mixed evaluations. Several of the projects fell short of their planned objectives, however some did. The use, challenges, and benefits of programs to enhance cookstoves across sub-Saharan Africa are examined in this essay. It starts by looking at a few specific Cookstove technologies, which are divided into groups according on the fuels they burn and whether or not they are mobile. It has been found that factors such as the technical compatibility of the stoves with social expectations, the conformity to local needs and cultures, the attitude of the users, who are frequently reluctant to adopt new technology, and the price of the stove all affect how challenging the programs are. Also, "bottom-up" strategies ensure the program's success by involving users and regional artisans in the creation of a self-sustaining sector.
KEPENTINGAN STANDAR BANGUNAN HIJAU INDONESIA DAN PENGARUH PENERAPANNYA TERHADAP BIAYA PROYEK SELAMA UMUR BANGUNAN
Authors: Dusia Enry L. , Wiyono Edwin S. , Alifen Ratna S. , Rahardjo Jani
Published: May 2023

Green building council Indonesia has been publising a green buiding standar specifications in the form of greenship rating tools which consist of six aspect: land, materials, energy, water, health and building management. This research aims to determine level of importance and implementation greenship aspects by each construction party’s. As well to determine the effect of implementation greenship aspect towards project life cycle cost aspect. That consist of initial cost, maintenance cost, operating cost, and replacement cost. Data were obtained from questionnaires on construction parties in Jakarta and Surabaya. The data is analyzed descriptively to determine the respondent views of the greenship. Using Structural Equation Modeling to determine the relationship within implementation of greenship rating tools and project life cycle cost.Research of data analysis descriptive show that the energy aspect as the most important aspect, and health aspects as the most implemented aspect by the respondents. Data analysis Structural Equation Model show the maintenance cost are influenced by the land aspect.
Changes in Out-of-Pocket Costs for US Hospital Admissions Between December and January Every Year
Authors: Kannan Sneha , Song Zirui
Published: May 2023

This cross-sectional study examines cost-sharing for ICU and non-ICU hospitalizations among adults with employer-sponsored insurance.
Machine Learning–Based Prognostic Model for Patients After Lung Transplantation
Authors: Tian Dong , Yan Hao-Ji , Huang Heng , Zuo Yu-Jie , Liu Ming-Zhao , Zhao Jin , Wu Bo , Shi Ling-Zhi , Chen Jing-Yu
Published: May 2023

Importance

Although numerous prognostic factors have been found for patients after lung transplantation (LTx) over the years, an accurate prognostic tool for LTx recipients remains unavailable.

Objective

To develop and validate a prognostic model for predicting overall survival in patients after LTx using random survival forests (RSF), a machine learning algorithm.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This retrospective prognostic study included patients who underwent LTx between January 2017 and December 2020. The LTx recipients were randomly assigned to training and test sets in accordance with a ratio of 7:3. Feature selection was performed using variable importance with bootstrapping resampling. The prognostic model was fitted using the RSF algorithm, and a Cox regression model was set as a benchmark. The integrated area under the curve (iAUC) and integrated Brier score (iBS) were applied to assess model performance in the test set. Data were analyzed from January 2017 to December 2019.

Main Outcomes And Measures

Overall survival in patients after LTx.

Results

A total of 504 patients were eligible for this study, consisting of 353 patients in the training set (mean [SD] age, 55.03 [12.78] years; 235 [66.6%] male patients) and 151 patients in the test set (mean [SD] age, 56.79 [10.95] years; 99 [65.6%] male patients). According to the variable importance of each factor, 16 were selected for the final RSF model, and postoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation time was identified as the most valuable factor. The RSF model had excellent performance with an iAUC of 0.879 (95% CI, 0.832-0.921) and an iBS of 0.130 (95% CI, 0.106-0.154). The Cox regression model fitted by the same modeling factors to the RSF model was significantly inferior to the RSF model with an iAUC of 0.658 (95% CI, 0.572-0.747; P < .001) and an iBS of 0.205 (95% CI, 0.176-0.233; P < .001). According to the RSF model predictions, the patients after LTx were stratified into 2 prognostic groups displaying significant difference, with mean overall survival of 52.91 months (95% CI, 48.51-57.32) and 14.83 months (95% CI, 9.44-20.22; log-rank P < .001), respectively.

Conclusions and relevance

In this prognostic study, the findings first demonstrated that RSF could provide more accurate overall survival prediction and remarkable prognostic stratification than the Cox regression model for patients after LTx.
Intraspecific variation in advertisement call characteristics and acoustic strategies among male forest green tree frogs
Authors: Itakura Nobunosuke , Sakai Masaru , Sato Ryohei , Nishihara Shogo , Yoshida Takehito , Washitani Izumi
Published: May 2023

Frogs are a representative taxon that use advertisement calls to aid in reproduction. In most frog species, calls vary with body size, and allometric constraints between body size and call frequency have been widely reported among anuran species. Although this variation is an important driver of sexual selection in frogs, male advertisement call strategies may also vary according to body size. In this study, we conducted playback experiments on the male forest green tree frog (Zhangixalus arboreus) to determine whether male advertisement call characteristics and strategies vary according to body size and the amplitude of intraspecific chorus noise. The results indicated that the calls of larger individuals are louder and lower than those of smaller ones, who call more frequently; moreover, the calls become lower, and the number of calls decreases, as noise levels increase. These findings suggest that forest green tree frog emits lower calls or refrains from calling when chorus noise increases, and that intraspecific variation in advertisement call characteristics can induce different strategies in response to chorus noise. Because advertisement call variation with body size is common among frog species, intraspecific variation in male advertisement call strategies may also be a common phenomenon.
Addiction professionals: Fight the American ‘hatred for people who use drugs’
Authors: de Miranda John
Published: May 2023

The February 26, 2023, edition of The New York Times devoted almost the entire Sunday Opinion section to one article titled “One Year Inside a Radical New Approach to America's Overdose Crisis.” The narrative and dramatic photos detailed the operation and challenges of OnPoint, a safe drug consumption program in Manhattan's Harlem neighborhood.
Creating Ultrahigh and Long‐Persistent Triboelectric Charge Density on Weak Polar Polymer via Quenching Polarization
Authors: Liu Zhaoqi , Huang Yun‐zhi , Shi Yuxiang , Tao Xinglin , Yang Peng , Dong Xuanyi , Hu Jun , Huang Zhao‐Xia , Chen Xiangyu , Qu Jin‐Ping
Published: May 2023

To achieve high charge density for the triboelectric polymer is a crucial task for fabricating triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). This work has developed a quenching polarization (QP) method to create ultrahigh and long‐persistent triboelectric charge on the triboelectric polymer with weak dipole polarity. The Ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE) film can reach a charge density of 391 µC m−2 in the vertical contact mode by using this QP treatment, which is 200% higher than the result achieved by the most widely used method of corona polarization. The mechanism of the improvement through QP on the triboelectric properties is studied on the basis of the polarization induced grain refinement and interfacial trapping. The QP‐treated ECTFE can maintain ultra‐high charge density for both solid‐solid and solid‐liquid TENG. More interestingly, the charge induced by QP treatment is so persistent that it produces a recoverable discharging phenomenon for solid‐liquid TENG, which has never been observed before. This QP method provides a different approach for fabricating high‐performance triboelectric materials, while the QP‐induced changes in crystallization and tribo‐charge density can help to complete the physical understanding of the electrification mechanism of triboelectric polymer.
Kinetic Properties of Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalysis in Hematite
Authors: Snir Nadav , Caspary Toroker Maytal
Published: May 2023

Water splitting is a promising method for hydrogen generation, but current catalytic reactions suffer from low efficiency. One possible reason for such inefficiency is a high kinetic barrier for water oxidation, and there is a lack of direct and efficient method to calculate the barrier for each reaction. In this paper, the inner sphere component of the reorganization energy that contributed to the activation energies is calculated. A novel algorithm is used for calculating the reorganization energy based on Marcus theory combined with the climbing image nudged elastic band method used to find transition states and activation energies of the oxygen evolution reaction steps, which allows the calculation of the activation energy at different potentials and without simulating solvation in order to obtain the inner sphere component alone arising from the reorganization of the ionic surface. The new method is tested in both acidic and basic conditions and with explicit water molecules, as well as implicit solvation. It is discovered that the reaction involving the transition of the *O intermediate into *OOH has the highest activation energy of all steps, thus explaining the high coverage of the *O intermediate found by experiments.
Dual Charge Transfer Generated from Stable Mixed‐Valence Radical Crystals for Boosting Solar‐to‐Thermal Conversion
Authors: Xu Jieqiong , Guo Jing , Li Shengkai , Yang Yanxia , Lai Weiming , Keoingthong Phouphien , Wang Shen , Zhang Liang , Dong Qian , Zeng Zebing , Chen Zhuo
Published: May 2023

Realizing dual charge transfer (CT) based on stable organic radicals in one system is a long‐sought goal, however, remains challenging. In this work, a stable mixed‐valence radical crystal is designed via a surfactant‐assisted method, namely TTF‐(TTF+•)2‐RC (where TTF = tetrathiafulvalene), containing dual CT interactions. The solubilization of surfactants enables successful co‐crystallization of mixed‐valence TTF molecules with different polarity in aqueous solutions. Short intermolecular distances between adjacent TTF moieties within TTF‐(TTF+•)2‐RC facilitate both inter‐valence CT (IVCT) between neutral TTF and TTF+•, and inter‐radical CT (IRCT) between two TTF+•in radicalπ‐dimer, which are confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, solid‐state absorption, electron spin resonance measurements, and DFT calculations. Moreover, TTF‐(TTF+•)2‐RC reveals an open‐shell singlet diradical ground state with the antiferromagnetic coupling of 2J = −657 cm−1and an unprecedented temperature‐dependent magnetic property, manifesting the main monoradical characters of IVCT at 113–203 K while the spin‐spin interactions in radical dimers of IRCT are predominant at 263–353 K. Notably, dual CT characters endow TTF‐(TTF+•)2‐RC with strong light absorption over the full solar spectrum and outstanding stability. As a result, TTF‐(TTF+•)2‐RC exhibits significantly enhanced photothermal property, an increase of 46.6 °C within 180 s upon one‐sun illumination.
Revival of Microparticular Silicon for Superior Lithium Storage
Authors: Zhao Ziyun , Chen Fanqi , Han Junwei , Kong Debin , Pan Siyuan , Xiao Jing , Wu Shichao , Yang Quan‐Hong
Published: May 2023

The development of high‐performance electrode materials is a long running theme in the field of energy storage. Silicon is undoubtedly among the most promising next‐generation anode material for lithium batteries. Of particular note, the use of nano‐Si, as the milestone advance, has opened the door of the commercialization of silicon, but is still hindered by issues related to cost, side reactions, and volumetric performance. Micro‐Si, competed unsuccessfully with nano‐Si long ago, but now has returned with its natural strengths in low cost, high tap density, and low interfacial reaction, and is regaining attention both from academia and industry. In this review, the promises of micro‐Si anodes are first clarified and then their pain points are presented followed by a summary of the potential remedies such as carbon encapsulation, binder design, and electrolyte modifications with improved mechanical and electrochemical stability. Finally, toward practical use of micro‐Si in future lithium batteries, major prospective directions are discussed. Carbon coatings with desired mechanical properties combined with a stable solid electrolyte are highlighted along with with their practical significance to exploit micro‐Si anodes.
Enhancement of the Lowering Effect on Energy Levels of LUMO by the Formation of B−N Dative Bond for Near‐infrared Light Absorption Properties Based on 1,3,4,6,8,9 b‐Hexaazaphenalene
Authors: Watanabe Hiroyuki , Ito Yoshinori , Tanaka Kazuo , Chujo Yoshiki
Published: May 2023

We illustrate the development of 1,3,4,6,8,9b‐hexaazaphenalene (6AP) derivatives which exhibit excellent near‐infrared (NIR) light absorption properties and deep LUMO levels. The electron‐withdrawing character of the 8‐nitrogen atom in the 6AP scaffold was enhanced by the introduction of a B−N dative bond. This formation of a boron‐nitrogen Lewis acid‐base pair succeeded in strengthening the electron‐withdrawing ability of the 8‐nitrogen atom, which induced the low‐lying LUMO levels of the resultant boron complexes. The data from UV−vis−NIR absorption spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry suggested that these deep LUMO levels were the origins of the narrow HOMO−LUMO gap caused by selectively lowering the LUMO energy level. Furthermore, the enhancement of the molar absorption coefficients was observed in the boron complex compared to other azaphenalene derivatives in the previous reports. From theoretical calculations, the electron‐withdrawing character of the 8‐nitrogen atom induced the weak but substantial delocalization of the LUMO into the 7,9‐positions, where the LUMOs of other azaphenalene derivatives hardly exist. This electronic effect could influence the intrinsic symmetry forbidden character of electronic transition between the HOMO and the LUMO, resulting in the larger molar absorption coefficients by partially transforming to the allow character compared to those of other azaphenalene derivatives. In summary, the introduction of the boron‐nitrogen Lewis acid‐base pair into the π‐conjugated system of azaphenalene afforded the NIR light absorption properties with the ϵ reaching ∼104 M–1cm–1 and the deep LUMO levels around −4.0 eV (estimated by cyclic voltammetry).
Cutaneous tuberculosis of the foot clinically mimicking mycetoma: A case report
Authors: Ahmed Ayman , Hagelnur Amel Ahmed , Eltigani Hala Fathi , Siddig Emmanuel Edwar
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical Message

In a resource‐limited setting such as Sudan, where diagnostic and surveillance capacities are limited and several dermal diseases with similar clinical presentation are endemic, further precautious must taking into account.

Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is a rare infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Atypical clinical presentations of CTB may resemble other skin neglected diseases. For definitive diagnosis, we require a holistic diagnostic approach including clinical examination and deployment of laboratory investigations including microbial culture, histopathological, and molecular examinations of the proper samples per test. In this communication, we report a case of CTB that was initially misidentified clinically as mycetoma.
Ethylene Oxide Catalysis Under Commercial Conditions – A Guide for Researchers
Authors: Lockemeyer John R. , Lohr Tracy L.
Published: May 2023

Selective oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide (EO) is performed industrially over catalysts comprised of silver particles supported on α‐Al2O3. In addition to various oxy‐anion and alkali promotors, alkyl chloride species (“chloride moderators”) are continuously introduced into commercial reactors. The effect and usage of chloride moderators is a key requirement for industrial ethylene epoxidation catalysts to reach optimal selectivity. While not an exhaustive review, the aim of this perspective is to provide guidance to academic researchers on the operation of EO catalysts under commercially relevant conditions with particular focus on the importance of performance optimization.
Controlled Immobilization of a Palladium Complex/Laccase Hybrid into a Macrocellular Siliceous Host
Authors: Yang Fangfang , Rousselot‐Pailley Pierre , Nicoletti Cendrine , Simaan A. Jalila , Faure Bruno , Courvoisier‐Dezord Elise , Amouric Agnès , Charmasson Yolande , Backov Rénal , Tron Thierry , Mekmouche Yasmina
Published: May 2023

This study investigates the site‐directed immobilization of a hybrid catalyst bearing a biquinoline‐based‐Pd(II) complex (1) and a robust laccase within cavities of a silica foam to favor veratryl alcohol oxidation. We performed the grafting of 1 at a unique surface located lysine of two laccase variants, either at closed (1⊂UNIK157) or opposite position (1⊂UNIK71) of the enzyme oxidation site. After immobilization into the cavities of silica monoliths bearing hierarchical porosity, we show that catalytic activity is dependent on the orientation and loading of each hybrid, 1⊂UNIK157 being twice as active than 1⊂UNIK71 (203 TON vs 100 TON) when operating under continuous flow. These systems can be reused 5 times, with an operational activity remaining as high as 40 %. We show that the synergy between 1 and laccase can be tuned within the foam. This work is a proof of concept for controlling the organization of a heterogeneous hybrid catalyst using a Pd/laccase/silica foam.
NAV‐003, a bispecific antibody targeting a unique mesothelin epitope and CD3ε with improved cytotoxicity against humoral immunosuppressed tumors
Authors: Grasso Luigi , Jiang Qun , Hassan Raffit , Nicolaides Nicholas C. , Kline J. Bradford
Published: May 2023

Mesothelin (MSLN) is a cell surface protein overexpressed in a number of cancer types. Several antibody‐ and cellular‐based MSLN targeting agents have been tested in clinical trials where their therapeutic efficacy has been moderate at best. Previous studies using antibody and Chimeric Antigen Receptor–T cells (CAR‐T) strategies have shown the importance of particular MSLN epitopes for optimal therapeutic response, while other studies have found that certain MSLN‐positive tumors can produce proteins that can bind to subsets of IgG1‐type antibodies and suppress their immune effector activities. In an attempt to develop an improved anti‐MSLN targeting agent, we engineered a humanized divalent anti‐MSLN/anti‐CD3ε bispecific antibody that avoids suppressive factors, can target a MSLN epitope proximal to the tumor cell surface, and is capable of effectively binding, activating, and redirecting T cells to the surface of MSLN‐positive tumor cells. NAV‐003 has shown significantly improved tumor cell killing against lines producing immunosuppressive proteins in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, NAV‐003 demonstrated good tolerability in mice and efficacy against patient‐derived mesothelioma xenografts co‐engrafted with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Together these data support the potential for NAV‐003 clinical development and human proof‐of‐concept studies in patients with MSLN‐expressing cancers.
Bayesian model calibration and damage detection for a digital twin of a bridge demonstrator
Authors: Titscher Thomas , van Dijk Thomas , Kadoke Daniel , Robens‐Radermacher Annika , Herrmann Ralf , Unger Jörg F.
Published: May 2023

Using digital twins for decision making is a very promising concept which combines simulation models with corresponding experimental sensor data in order to support maintenance decisions or to investigate the reliability. The quality of the prognosis strongly depends on both the data quality and the quality of the digital twin. The latter comprises both the modeling assumptions as well as the correct parameters of these models. This article discusses the challenges when applying this concept to real measurement data for a demonstrator bridge in the lab, including the data management, the iterative development of the simulation model as well as the identification/updating procedure using Bayesian inference with a potentially large number of parameters. The investigated scenarios include both the iterative identification of the structural model parameters as well as scenarios related to a damage identification. In addition, the article aims at providing all models and data in a reproducible way such that other researcher can use this setup to validate their methodologies.
A three‐dimensional limit equilibrium method for slope stability analysis integrating machine learning optimized intercolumn force function
Authors: Qu Jing‐kun , Qi Shun‐chao , Zhou Jia‐wen
Published: May 2023

A calculation of the safety factor is the basis of slope stability analysis. The three‐dimensional (3D) limit equilibrium method is one of the most effective safety calculation methods, and ignoring the partial shear force between columns is the most common calculation assumption, which will lead to an unreasonable safety factor. By constraining the range of the intercolumn shear function and the position of the action point of the force between columns and integrating machine learning to optimize the net moment of the column, the simulated annealing algorithm is used to obtain the intercolumn shear function under the minimum net moment, and the safety factor is calculated by using boundary conditions. Finally, proving the accuracy of this method by calculating two examples of commonly used slopes. Example A verifies that the result of the proposed method is more conservative than that of other 3D calculation methods and that the coordinates of the action point of the intercolumn forces in the and directions have little influence on safety factor. Example B verifies the applicability of this method to various slope forms. This method fully considers the stress of soil under actual conditions, making the calculation results more reasonable.
Gene transcriptional expression of cortical thinning during childhood and adolescence
Authors: Zhou Zheyi , Wei Dongtao , Liu Wei , Chen Hong , Qin Shaozheng , Xu Pengfei , Zuo Xi‐Nian , Luo Yue‐Jia , Qiu Jiang
Published: May 2023

The cognitive and behavioral development of children and adolescents is closely related to the maturation of brain morphology. Although the trajectory of brain development has been depicted in detail, the underlying biological mechanism of normal cortical morphological development in childhood and adolescence remains unclear. By combining the Allen Human Brain Atlas dataset with two single‐site magnetic resonance imaging data including 427 and 733 subjects from China and the United States, respectively, we performed partial least squares regression and enrichment analysis to explore the relationship between the gene transcriptional expression and the development of cortical thickness in childhood and adolescence. We found that the spatial model of normal cortical thinning during childhood and adolescence is associated with genes expressed predominantly in astrocytes, microglia, excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Top cortical development‐related genes are enriched for energy‐related and DNA‐related terms and are associated with psychological and cognitive disorders. Interestingly, there is a great deal of similarity between the findings derived from the two single‐site datasets. This fills the gap between early cortical development and transcriptomes, which promotes an integrative understanding of the potential biological neural mechanisms.
New homogenized precipitation database for Hungary from 1901
Authors: Szentes Olivér , Lakatos Mónika , Pongrácz Rita
Published: May 2023

Precipitation is a highly variable meteorological element. Similarly, to other meteorological elements (e.g. temperature), the changes in the measurement practices or in the environment can cause inhomogeneities in the precipitation data series. Therefore, homogenization of precipitation data series is necessary before studying the long‐term climate change. In this paper we present the main features of the MASH procedure, which we use to produce homogenized climate datasets for Hungary at the Climate Department of the Hungarian Meteorological Service (OMSZ). Due to the increasing number of discontinued precipitation stations, the number of missing data has increased significantly; therefore the station networks used for precipitation homogenization have been completely renewed. With this renewal, the percentage of missing data has been minimized, the number of data series has been increased and a denser station network is now used in mountainous areas where the spatial variability of precipitation is the highest. As a result, a new, more homogeneous, representative precipitation database of Hungary from 1901 to the present has been created. In the paper, we also examine the main characteristics of the detected inhomogeneities, with examples of the main types of inhomogeneities for some stations.
The emergence and dominance of Planktothrix rubescens as an hypolimnetic cyanobacterium in response to re‐oligotrophication of a deep peri‐alpine lake
Authors: Suarez Ena Lucia , De Ventura Lukas , Stöckli Arno , Ordóñez César , Thomas Mridul K. , Ibelings Bastiaan W. , McGinnis Daniel F.
Published: May 2023

Toxic cyanobacteria, such as Planktothrix rubescens, came to dominate temperate lakes in the mid‐to‐late 20th century, as a result of eutrophication. Even after decades of re‐oligotrophication, where phosphorus levels were reduced by 1–2 orders of magnitude, P. rubescens remains present in various lakes. In this study, we examine the persistence and changes of P. rubescens deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) in Lake Hallwil (Switzerland) over 35 yr of steadily decreasing phosphorous concentrations. Although lake transparency increased and the euphotic layer deepened during this period, the P. rubescens population maximum moved even deeper. It is now found ca. 7.7 m deeper than its shallowest position in the 2000s, and this depth no longer coincides with the depth of maximal water column stability. P. rubescens neutral buoyancy has now driven it beneath the stable metalimnion into the hypolimnion, where buoyancy regulation is restricted due to reduced metabolic activity at low light and low temperature. If P. rubescens DCM continues to deepen each year, it will eventually reach a region of lower stability in the hypolimnion where turbulent conditions are strong enough to disperse the DCM. We also explore the mechanisms that ensure P. rubescens ongoing presence in peri‐alpine lakes despite strong re‐oligotrophication and ongoing climate change. We find that P. rubescens in the lake is mainly sustained by growth during fully mixed conditions in winter, not during stratification in summer. This may contradict another commonly made prediction that periods of longer stratification will promote future blooms of this cyanobacterium.
Light, ammonium, pH, and phytoplankton competition as environmental factors controlling nitrification
Authors: Proctor Claudette , Coupel Pierre , Casciotti Karen , Tremblay Jean‐Eric , Zakem Emily , Arrigo Kevin R. , Mills Matthew M.
Published: May 2023

The biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen (N) plays a critical role in supporting marine ecosystems and controlling primary production. Nitrification, the oxidation of ammonia (NH3) by microorganisms, is an important process in the marine N cycle, supplying nitrate (), the primary source of N that fuels new phytoplankton growth, and the primary substrate for the microbial process of denitrification. Understanding nitrification in the Chukchi Sea, the shallow sea overlying the continental shelf north of Alaska and the Bering Strait, is particularly important as phytoplankton growth there has been shown to be limited by N. However, the controls on nitrification in the water column and potential effects of climate change remain unknown. This study seeks to characterize the controls on nitrification in the Chukchi Sea. We found light to be a strong control on nitrification rates. Nitrification was undetectable at light levels above 23 μmol photons m−2 s−1. Subsequently, sea ice concentration was related to nitrification, with rates being higher at stations with high ice cover where light transmission to the water column was reduced. High ammonium () concentrations also enhanced nitrification, suggesting that nitrifying organisms were substrate‐limited, likely due to competition for from phytoplankton. Unlike previous experimental studies, we found that nitrification rates were higher under low pH conditions. As the effects of ocean acidification and warming disproportionately impact the Arctic, nitrification rates will undoubtedly be affected. Our results will help guide future studies on potential implications of climate change on the biogeochemistry of N in the Chukchi Sea.
A novel oncogene trigger transposable element derived‐1 promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma progression via evoking immune inhibition
Authors: Qiao Xue , Zhu Li , Song Rongbo , Shang Chao , Guo Yan
Published: May 2023

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) globally. Its incidence rate is rapidly increasing, and its 5‐year survival rate remains at 50%, despite advances in medical science. Trigger transposable element‐derived 1 (TIGD1) has been found to be upregulated in various cancer types. However, its biological function in OSCC requires further investigation. We searched the Cancer Genome Atlas database using CIBERSORT and TIMER 2.0 to predict the significance of TIGD1 and evaluate its effect on immune cell infiltration. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed to determine the biological functions of TIGD1. Gain/loss of function techniques were used to explore the biological behavior of TIGD1 in Cal27 and HSC4 cells. Finally, flow cytometry was used to detect dendritic cell markers in an OSCC and dendritic cell co‐culture model. Our results show that TIGD1 is upregulated significantly in OSCC and is closely associated with tumor progression and prognosis. TIGD1 functions as an oncogene by increasing cells proliferation, inhibiting apoptosis, promoting cell invasion and migration. TIGD1 is also involved in tumor immune cell infiltration. Its overexpression can inhibit dendritic cell maturation, leading to immune suppression and tumor progression. High TIGD1 expression, which promotes OSCC progression, might be related to decreased dendritic cell maturation and activation. These findings suggest that TIGD1‐specific small interfering RNA synthesized in vitro could be a new target for OSCC immunotherapy.
New Jersey MH advocacy campaigning incorporates stories of clinicians
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: May 2023

(Editor's note: In each issue of MHW during Mental Health Awareness Month, we will feature an innovative initiative in mental health advocacy/promotion.)
SAMHSA readies peer certification standards for release
Authors: Canady Valerie A.
Published: May 2023

President Biden's announcement last year of a mental health strategy as part of his 2022 Presidential Unity Agenda to strengthen system capacity and connect more Americans to care, and proposing the development and implementation of a national certification program for mental health peer specialists, has prompted the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) to meet that goal.
Complex dynamics of two prey–predator harvesting models with prey refuge and interval‐valued imprecise parameters
Authors: Tian Yuan , Guo Hua , Sun Kaibiao
Published: May 2023

In view of the phenomena that species in nature are affected by the complexity of the ecosystem, some key biological parameters have certain inaccuracy or uncertainty and part of the prey hides in the shelter from predation. Moreover, different species exhibit different living habits, so it is of certain interest to investigate species‐related imprecise biological parameters. Besides, from the perspective of scientific and reasonable exploitation and utilization of fishery resources, two types of harvesting strategies are introduced into the system. Firstly, the dynamic properties of the system guided by continuous harvesting strategy are analyzed, which demonstrates the impact of refuge rate, imprecision indexes and harvesting efforts on the system dynamics. Meanwhile, the bio‐economic equilibrium is discussed, and the optimal harvesting strategy is obtained. Secondly, the complex dynamics of the system induced by weighted harvesting activity are analyzed. The predator‐extinction periodic solution and coexistent order‐1 periodic solution is discussed according to different weights and thresholds. Finally, the correctness of the obtained results and the feasibility of the harvesting strategy are verified through numerical simulation in MATLAB. The results of this study provide a reference for the scientific and reasonable exploitation and utilization of prey–predator fishery resources in the imprecise parameter environment.
Structure Characterization and Anti‐Rheumatoid Arthritis Activity of a Polysaccharide from Notopterygium incisum
Authors: Ye Meng , Feng Qi , Jiang Ying , Wang Feng , Shi Xuexia , Yang Xiaobing , Gao Xiangdong , Liu Wei
Published: May 2023

Scope

Notopterygium incisum is a traditional Chinese medicine that is commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Polysaccharides from N. incisum can be one of its main active components. However, there have been little investigations on N. incisum polysaccharides.

Methods and results

A novel polysaccharide named NIP is extracted from N. incisum with a molecular weight of 2.34 × 106 Da. NIP, composed of arabinose, galactose, glucose, and galacturonic acid, is linked by methyl esterified 1,4‐linked α‐galacturonic acid, 1,6‐linked β‐galactose, 1,5‐linked α‐arabinose, and 1,4,6‐linked β‐ glucose. In vitro, NIP can inhibit the NO production of LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In vivo, NIP relieves toe redness and swelling of AIA rats, reduces the release of inflammatory factors in the serum, and inhibits the activation of NF‐κB and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways. In addition, NIP can effectively decrease oxidative stress, reverse intestinal flora imbalance, and promote butyric acid‐producing bacteria's proliferation to exert anti‐RA activity.

Conclusion

NIP may be recommended as a functional food that can alleviate the damage of rheumatoid arthritis.
Writing‐Speed Dependent Thresholds of Ferroelectric Domain Switching in Monolayer α‐In2Se3
Authors: Yang Weijie , Cheng Bo , Hou Jianhua , Deng Junkai , Ding Xiangdong , Sun Jun , Liu Jefferson Zhe
Published: May 2023

An electrical‐biased or mechanical‐loaded scanning probe written on the ferroelectric surface can generate programmable domain nanopatterns for ultra‐scaled and reconfigurable nanoscale electronics. Fabricating ferroelectric domain patterns by direct‐writing as quickly as possible is highly desirable for high response rate devices. Using monolayer α‐In2Se3 ferroelectric with ≈1.2 nm thickness and intrinsic out‐of‐plane polarization as an example, a writing‐speed dependent effect on ferroelectric domain switching is discovered. The results indicate that the threshold voltages and threshold forces for domain switching can be increased from −4.2 to −5 V and from 365 to 1216 nN, respectively, as the writing‐speed increases from 2.2 to 10.6 µm s−1. The writing‐speed dependent threshold voltages can be attributed to the nucleations of reoriented ferroelectric domains, in which sufficient time is needed for subsequent domain growth. The writing‐speed dependent threshold forces can be attributed to the flexoelectric effect. Furthermore, the electrical‐mechanical coupling can be employed to decrease the threshold force, achieving as low as ≈189±41 nN, a value smaller than those of perovskite ferroelectric films. Such findings reveal a critical issue of ferroelectric domain pattern engineering that should be carefully addressed for programmable direct‐writing electronics applications.
Blockchain‐based authentication and secure communication in IoT networks
Authors: Lau Chi Ho , Yeung Kai Hau , Yan Fan , Chan Sammy
Published: May 2023

The application of IoT covers various domains, including smart cities, smart homes, e‐health, autonomous vehicles and so forth. These are powered by IoT networks which consist of a collection of heterogeneous devices. These devices collect and analyze personal data and sometimes make decisions for us. Since IoTs are involved in the decision‐making process, the authenticity and privacy of such networks are critical. In this article, authenticated devices configuration protocol (ADCP) is proposed to handle the authentication and construct a secure overlay network in the existing IoT networks; authenticated device transmission protocol is also proposed to secure the communication within the overlay network. Besides the authentication, ADCP can also mitigate the zero‐day attack and achieve zero the zero‐day attack can also be mitigated and achieved 0 round trip time key exchange. These protocols utilize a distributed blockchain database to store the authentication records optimized for data integrity. These properties guarantee the integrity of the authentication records. Both protocols are compatible with the existing communication protocols and do not require reprogramming the current software. The formal analysis of the proposed scheme has proven its resilience against various possible attacks. In addition, a stochastic threat model is considered and numerical results give solid evidence of security enhancement.