bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Land and rivers can own themselves
Authors: Strack Mick
Published: May 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe and critically review the new tenure arrangements that have been established to recognise Māori relationship with land (Te Urewera) and river (Whanganui River), to ascribe them their own legal personality.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper describes the development of the legal arrangements in Aotearoa, New Zealand, for Treaty settlements with Māori, and documents the various forms of rights and divisions of space that are changing the face of property institutions.

Findings

The paper finds that the acknowledgement of land and nature as having their own legal status and, therefore, owned by themselves is bold and innovative, but is still not a full recognition of customary tenure. The recognition of rivers as indivisible entities is stated but not clearly implemented.

Practical implications

Māori interests and authority are now more clearly articulated, and Māori may expect to be able to engage in customary practices and restore their traditional relationships with their land more explicitly.

Social implications

The avoidance of an ownership regime has tempered public concerns about issues such as ownership of flowing water. The formalities are still being completed in the case of the Whanganui River, so the full implications are yet to be felt.

Originality/value

This is an innovative development in tenure arrangements seen by some as providing for the rights of nature, but actually responding to the rights of the Indigenous people. This article may inform others about possible models for more diverse tenure arrangements elsewhere.
Design and evaluation of mission-oriented sensing platform with military analogy
Authors: Inomoto Hikaru , Saiki Sachio , Nakamura Masahide , Matsumoto Shinsuke
Published: May 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to perform large-scale environmental sensing with a lot of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, as typically seen in a Smart City, efficiently and for multiple applications. In this paper, we propose a novel sensing method, called mission-oriented sensing, which accepts multiple and dynamic sensing purposes on a single infrastructure.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposed method achieves the purpose by dealing sensing configuration (application’s purpose) as a mission. It realizes sharing single infrastructure by accepting multiple missions in parallel, and it accepts missions’ update anytime. In addition, the sensing platform based on military analogy can command and control a lot of IoT devices in good order, and this realizes mission-oriented sensing above.

Findings

Introducing mission-oriented sensing, multiple purpose large-scale sensing can be conducted efficiently. The experimental evaluation with a prototype platform shows the practical feasibility. In addition, the result shows that it is effective to update sensing configuration dynamically.

Research limitations/implications

The proposed method focuses aggregating environmental sensor value from a lot of devices, and, thus, it can treat stream data, such as video or audio or control a specific device directly.

Originality/value

In proposed method, a single-sensing infrastructure can be used by multiple applications, and it admits heterogeneous devices in a single infrastructure. In addition, the proposed method has less technical restriction and developers can implement actual platform with technologies for context.
A proposition of querying scheme with network Voronoi diagram in bichromatic reverse k-nearest neighbor
Authors: Gotoh Yusuke , Okubo Chiori
Published: May 2017

Purpose

This study aims to propose and evaluate a searching scheme for a bichromatic reverse k-nearest neighbor (BRkNN) that has objects and queries in spatial networks. In this proposed scheme, the author’s search for the BRkNN of the query using an influence zone for each object with a network Voronoi diagram (NVD).

Design/methodology/approach

The author’s analyze and evaluate the performance of the proposed searching scheme.

Findings

The contribution of this paper is that it confirmed that the proposed searching scheme gives shorter processing time than the conventional linear search.

Research limitations/implications

A future direction of this study will involve making a searching scheme that reduces the processing time when objects move automatically on spatial networks.

Practical implications

In BRkNN, consider two groups in a convenience store, where several convenience stores, which are constructed in Groups A and B, operate in a given region. The author’s can use RNN is RkNN when k = 1 (RNN) effectively to set a new store considering the Euclidean and road distances among stores and the location relationship between Groups A and B.

Originality/value

In the proposed searching scheme, the author’s search for the BRkNN of the query for each object with an NVD using the influence zone, which is the region where an object in the spatial network recognizes the nearest neighbor for the query.
A mobile platform for controlling and interacting with a do-it-yourself smart eyewear
Authors: Brun Damien , Ferreira Susan M. , Gouin-Vallerand Charles , George Sébastien
Published: May 2017

Purpose

Smart eyewear, such as augmented or virtual reality headset, allows the projection of virtual content through a display worn on the user’s head. This paper aims to present a mobile platform, named “CARTON”, which transforms a smartphone into smart eyewear, following a do-it-yourself (DIY) approach. This platform is composed of three main components: a blueprint to build the hardware prototype with very simple materials and regular tools; a software development kit (SDK) to help with the development of new applications (e.g. augmented reality app); and, finally, a second SDK (ControlWear) to interact with mobile applications through a Smartwatch.

Design/methodology/approach

User experiments were conducted, in which participants were asked to create, by themselves, the CARTON’s hardware part and perform usability tests with their own creation. A second round of experimentation was conducted to evaluate three different interaction modalities.

Findings

Qualitative user feedback and quantitative results prove that CARTON is functional and feasible to anyone, without specific skills. The results also showed that ControlWear had the most positive results, compared with the other interaction modalities, and that user interaction preference would vary depending on the task.

Originality/value

The authors describe a novel way to create a smart eyewear available for a wide audience around the world. By providing everything open-source and open-hardware, they intend to solve the reachability of technologies related to smart eyewear and aim to accelerate research around it.
Consumer reactions to paid versus unpaid brand name placement in song lyrics
Authors: Van Vaerenbergh Yves
Published: May 2017

Purpose

More and more artists mention brand names in their song lyrics; yet, their motivation to do so might differ. While some artists mention brand names out of brand love, other artists mention brand names against financial compensation. As media often discloses such brand name placements, the purpose of this paper is to explore consumer reactions to paid versus unpaid brand name placements in song lyrics.

Design/methodology/approach

A three-group between-subjects experiment (paid brand name placement, unpaid brand name placement, control group) tests the effects of brand name placement disclosures in song lyrics on brand attitudes and brand awareness. The song was developed specifically for the purpose of this study.

Findings

Consumer awareness about paid brand name placements in song lyrics has positive effects on brand awareness, while having no negative effects on brand attitudes. More specifically, consumer brand awareness is significantly higher in the paid brand name placement condition than in the unpaid brand name placement condition, or the control condition. Brand attitudes increased in both the paid and unpaid brand name placement conditions, compared to the control condition.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to a better understanding of brand name placement in song lyrics. Counterintuitively, consumer awareness about paid brand name placements in song lyrics actually has positive effects on consumers’ brand awareness and no negative effects on brand attitudes. Moreover, any disclosure – regardless of whether it concerns a paid or unpaid brand name placement – increases brand attitudes. This study thus shows that marketing managers should not fear media disclosing brand name placements in song lyrics.
Relationship between loneliness and mental health in students
Authors: Richardson Thomas , Elliott Peter , Roberts Ron
Published: May 2017

Purpose

Previous cross-sectional research has examined the effect of loneliness on mental health. The purpose of this paper is to examine longitudinal relationships in students.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 454 British undergraduate students completed measures of loneliness and mental health at four time points.

Findings

After controlling for demographics and baseline mental health, greater loneliness predicted greater anxiety, stress, depression and general mental health over time. There was no evidence that mental health problems increased loneliness over time. There was no relationship with alcohol problems. Baseline loneliness predicted greater eating disorder risk at follow-up and vice versa.

Research limitations/implications

This study is limited by a relatively small and heavily female sample.

Practical implications

Social and psychological interventions to reduce loneliness in university settings may improve mental health.

Social implications

Universities should consider organising social activities to mitigate feelings of loneliness in students.

Originality/value

This study adds to the literature as a longitudinal analysis showing that loneliness exacerbates poor mental health over time. This also adds to the literature for students specifically, and suggests a possible bi-directional relationship between eating disorders and loneliness for the first time.
Parenting and infant mental health promotion: teachers’ views
Authors: Cuddihy Lynn Carol , Waugh Anna
Published: May 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to critically examine school teachers’ experiences and beliefs regarding parenting and infant mental health (IMH) promotion, starting with the research question: How do teachers in two secondary schools view their roles regarding parenting and IMH promotion?

Design/methodology/approach

Qualitative, exploratory focus groups were used with two groups of teachers that delivered personal social education (PSE) in schools.

Findings

Teachers currently have varying roles in PSE delivery. Interaction within focus groups can generate changes of opinions. Teachers do not promote parenting and IMH but are keen for support and training to do so to enable them to benefit future parents.

Research limitations/implications

This was a small-scale study. There was limited breadth of knowledge and experience of participants. The study highlights the need for further research and support and training for school-based staff in parenting promotion.

Social implications

The significance of parenting and IMH is well evidenced by theory, practice and policies. A potential strategy to prevent child developmental difficulties is to educate young people about parenting and IMH before they become parents.

Originality/value

No similar research was found in this area at the time of the study.
Promoting mental health awareness in sport clubs
Authors: Breslin Gavin , Haughey Tandy Jane , Donnelly Paul , Kearney Ciaran , Prentice Garry
Published: May 2017

Purpose

The World Health Organization estimates that millions of people across the world experience mental health problems, yet traditionally athletes have been poorly supported to manage their mental health. The purpose of this paper is to apply the Theory of Planned Behaviour to determine the effect of a mental health awareness programme on sports coaches’ knowledge and intentions to offer support to athletes who experience mental health problems.

Design/methodology/approach

Adult coaches (n=244) were recruited to attend the Mood Matters in Sport Programme mental health awareness intervention or act as a control. A 2 (group) × 2 (time) quasi-experimental design was adopted. All participants completed the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule and Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale at the beginning and end of the programme. Two months postprogramme delivery focus groups were conducted.

Findings

A mixed analysis of variance showed a significant interaction effect wherein there were improvements in mental health knowledge and intentions to offer support compared to the control group. Focus group findings provided further detail on how to support mental health awareness in sport clubs.

Practical implications

Knowledge and intentions to offer support can be enhanced through a short mental health awareness programme. The already established social networks available in sport clubs can provide a natural environment for delivering mental health awareness programmes. The programme facilitated discussion on mental health issues and highlighted that future programmes should contain more sport-related examples (i.e. case studies, videos, etc.).

Originality/value

This is the first study to apply the Theory of Planned Behaviour to mental health awareness programmes in a sport setting.
Moving on: the BodyMind ApproachTM for medically unexplained symptoms
Authors: Payne Helen , Brooks Susan D.M.
Published: May 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to summarise practice-based evidence from an analysis of outcomes from a county-wide pilot study of a specialised primary care clinic employing an original approach for patients with medically unexplained symptoms (MUS). Conditions with persistent bodily symptoms for which tests and scans come back negative are termed MUS. Patients are generic, high health-utilising and for most there is no effective current treatment pathway. The solution is a proven service based on proof of concept, cost-effectiveness and market research studies together with practice-based evidence from early adopters. The research was transferred from a university into a real-world primary care clinical service which has been delivering in two clinical commissioning groups in a large county in England.

Design/methodology/approach

Clinical data calculated as reliable change from the various clinics were aggregated as practice-based evidence pre- and post-intervention via standardised measurements on anxiety, depression, symptom distress, functioning/activity, and wellbeing. It is not a research paper.

Findings

At post-course the following percentages of people report reliable improvement when compared to pre-course: reductions in symptom distress 63 per cent (39/62), anxiety 42 per cent (13/31) and depression 35 per cent (11/31); increases in activity levels 58 per cent (18/31) and wellbeing 55 per cent (17/31) and 70 per cent felt that they had enough help to go forward resulting in the self-management of their symptoms which decreases the need to visit the GP or hospital.

Research limitations/implications

Without a full clinical trial the outcomes must be interpreted with caution. There may be a possible Hawthorne or observer effect.

Practical implications

Despite the small numbers who received this intervention, preliminary observations suggest it might offer a feasible alternative for many patients with MUS who reject, or try and find unsatisfying, cognitive behaviour therapy.

Social implications

Many patients suffering MUS feel isolated and that they are the only one for whom their doctor cannot find an organic cause for their condition. The facilitated group has a beneficial effect on this problem, for example they feel a sense of belonging and sharing of their story.

Originality/value

The BodyMind Approach is an original intervention mirroring the new wave of research in neuroscience and philosophy which prides embodiment perspectives over solely cognitive ones preferred in the “talking” therapies. There is a sea change in thinking about processes and models for supporting people with mental ill-health where the need to include the lived body experience is paramount to transformation.
Survey of supervised classification techniques for hyperspectral images
Authors: Qiu Qingchen , Wu Xuelian , Liu Zhi , Tang Bo , Zhao Yuefeng , Wu Xinyi , Zhu Hongliang , Xin Yang
Published: May 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to provide a framework of the supervised hyperspectral classification, to study the traditional flowchart of hyperspectral image (HIS) analysis and processing. HSI technology has been proposed for many years, and the applications of this technology were promoted by technical advancements.

Design/methodology/approach

First, the properties and current situation of hyperspectral technology are summarized. Then, this paper introduces a series of common classification approaches. In addition, a comparison of different classification approaches on real hyperspectral data is conducted. Finally, this survey presents a discussion on the classification results and points out the classification development tendency.

Findings

The core of this survey is to review of the state of the art of the classification for hyperspectral images, to study the performance and efficiency of certain implementation measures and to point out the challenges still exist.

Originality value

The study categorized the supervised classification for hyperspectral images, demonstrated the comparisons among these methods and pointed out the challenges that still exist.
Patch-based sparse reconstruction for electrical impedance tomography
Authors: Wang Qi , Zhang Pengcheng , Wang Jianming , Chen Qingliang , Lian Zhijie , Li Xiuyan , Sun Yukuan , Duan Xiaojie , Cui Ziqiang , Sun Benyuan , Wang Huaxiang
Published: May 2017

Purpose

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a technique for reconstructing the conductivity distribution by injecting currents at the boundary of a subject and measuring the resulting changes in voltage. Image reconstruction for EIT is a nonlinear problem. A generalized inverse operator is usually ill-posed and ill-conditioned. Therefore, the solutions for EIT are not unique and highly sensitive to the measurement noise.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper develops a novel image reconstruction algorithm for EIT based on patch-based sparse representation. The sparsifying dictionary optimization and image reconstruction are performed alternately. Two patch-based sparsity, namely, square-patch sparsity and column-patch sparsity, are discussed and compared with the global sparsity.

Findings

Both simulation and experimental results indicate that the patch based sparsity method can improve the quality of image reconstruction and tolerate a relatively high level of noise in the measured voltages.

Originality/value

EIT image is reconstructed based on patch-based sparse representation. Square-patch sparsity and column-patch sparsity are proposed and compared. Sparse dictionary optimization and image reconstruction are performed alternately. The new method tolerates a relatively high level of noise in measured voltages.
Kurtosis-based IMM filter for multiple MEMS gyroscopes fusion
Authors: Shen Qiang , Liu Jieyu , Huang Huang , Wang Qi , Qin Weiwei
Published: May 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to explore a signal processing method to improve the angular rate accuracy of micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) gyroscope by combining numerous gyroscopes.

Design/methodology/approach

To improve the dynamic performance of the signal processing method, the interacting multiple model (IMM) can be applied to the fusion of gyroscope array. However, the standard IMM has constant Markov parameter, which may reduce the model switching speed. To overcome this problem, an adaptive IMM filter is developed based on the kurtosis of the gyroscope output, in which the transition probabilities are adjusted online by utilizing the dynamic information of the rate signal.

Findings

The experimental results indicate that the precision of the gyroscope array composed of six gyroscopes increases significantly and the kurtosis-based adaptive Markov parameter IMM filter (K-IMM) performs better than the baseline methods, especially under dynamic conditions. These experiments prove the validity of the proposed fusion method.

Practical implications

The proposed method can improve the accuracy of MEMS gyroscopes without breakthrough on hardware, which is necessary to extend their utility while not restricting the overwhelming advantages.

Original/value

A K-IMM algorithm is proposed in this paper, which is used to improve the angular rate accuracy of MEMS gyroscope by combining numerous gyroscopes.
Characteristics of stacked multi-slot ring resonator sensors
Authors: Amemiya Yoshiteru , Yokoyama Shin
Published: May 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to develop ring resonator type optical sensors for high-sensitive detection of biomaterials and a solution concentration surrounding sensor devices. The sensing characteristics of a proposed device are investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposed device structure is multi-slot ring resonator where the horizontal slots are arranged in vertical direction called as stacked multi-slot ring resonator. The ring resonator consists of silicon nitride because of several advantages such as easy integration of Si photo-detectors. A high sensitivity is expected in this structure because the slot height is precisely controlled by the thickness of stacked silicon nitride and etched silicon oxide layers. Sensing characteristics are evaluated from the simulated effective refractive index using the finite element method and sucrose solution sensing is confirmed using polydimethylsiloxane fluid channel.

Findings

In the simulation for the solution concentration sensor, the detection sensitivity is enhanced with increasing the slot height and the number of slots. On the other hand, for the biomaterial sensor such as the adsorbed antigen-antibody reaction, the sensitivity increases with decreasing the slot height. In this case, more than four times higher sensitivity is expected compared with the slot ring resonator sensor with vertical single slot and 0.1-0.2 μm slot width.

Originality/value

This paper presents an improved new structure of ring resonator type sensors and its optimum design parameters. The sensing characteristics are evaluated, and, for the biomaterial sensor, the sensitivity is high in comparison to the previous slot ring resonator.
Optical excitation-enhanced sensing properties of acetone gas sensors based on Al2O3-doped ZnO
Authors: Guo Xuehai , Pan Guofeng , Ma Xin , Li Xiangzhou , He Ping , Hua Zhongqiu , Li Haiqing
Published: May 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to synthesize Al2O3-ZnO thick films, study the effect of doping and optical excitation on their sensing properties and introduce an attractive candidate for acetone detection in practice.

Design/methodology/approach

ZnO nanoparticles doped with Al2O3 were prepared by sol-gel method and characterized via X-ray diffraction and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The sensing properties to acetone were investigated with an irradiation of UV. The sensing mechanism was also discussed with UV-Vis spectroscopy.

Findings

The doping of Al2O3 promoted the sensing response and stability of ZnO nanoparticles. The optimum performance was obtained by 4.96 Wt.% Al2O3-ZnO. The response to acetone (1,000 ppm) was significantly increased to 241.81, even just at an operating temperature of 64°C. It was also demonstrated that optical excitation with UV irradiation greatly enhanced the sensing response and the sensitivity can reach up to 305.14.

Practical implications

The sensor fabricated from 4.96 Wt.% Al2O3-ZnO exhibited excellent acetone-sensing characteristics. It is promising to be applied in low power and miniature acetone gas sensors.

Originality/value

In the present research, the optimum performance was obtained by 4.96 Wt.% Al2O3-ZnO at a low operating temperature of 64°C. The sensing properties were enhanced significantly with optical excitation, and the sensing mechanism was discussed with UV-Vis spectroscopy which has been reported rarely before.
Portable multispectral imaging system based on Raspberry Pi
Authors: Lopez-Ruiz Nuria , Granados-Ortega Fernando , Carvajal Miguel Angel , Martinez-Olmos Antonio
Published: May 2017

Purpose

In this work, the authors aim to present a compact low-cost and portable spectral imaging system for general purposes. The developed system provides information that can be used for a fast in situ identification and classification of samples based on the analysis of captured images. The connectivity of the instrument allows a deeper analysis of the images in an external computer.

Design/methodology/approach

The wavelength selection of the system is carried out by light multiplexing through a light-emitting diode panel where eight wavelengths covering the spectrum from ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared region (NIR) have been included. The image sensor used is a red green blue – infrared (RGB-IR) micro-camera controlled by a Raspberry Pi board where a basic image processing algorithm has been programmed. It allows the visualization in an integrated display of the reflectance and the histogram of the images at each wavelength, including UV and NIRs.

Findings

The prototype has been tested by analyzing several samples in a variety of applications such as detection of damaged, over-ripe and sprayed fruit, classification of different type of plastic materials and determination of properties of water.

Originality/value

The designed system presents some advantages as being non-expensive and portable in comparison to other multispectral imaging systems. The low-cost and size of the camera module connected to the Raspberry Pi provides a compact instrument for general purposes.
Sensing with metamaterials: a review of recent developments
Authors: Bogue Robert
Published: May 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to provide a technical insight into a selection of recent developments of sensor based on metamaterials.

Design/methodology/approach

Following a short introduction, this first part discusses sensors based on acoustic metamaterials. It then briefly considers negative index materials and split ring resonators and provides examples of sensors based on metamaterials which interact with electromagnetic radiation in the microwave, terahertz and infra-red regions. Finally, brief concluding comments are drawn.

Findings

Since their discovery at around the turn of the century, metamaterials have been studied widely by the research community. A diverse range of sensors and imaging devices have since been developed which exploit the unique properties of these materials and respond to physical, chemical and biological variables. Many exhibit characteristics and capabilities with the potential to overcome the limitations of conventional devices.

Originality/value

This provides details of a range of recently developed sensors based on the newly discovered families of metamaterials.
Prenatal maternal effects appear to be insensitive to experimental or natural environmental variation
Authors: Thomson Caroline E. , Hadfield Jarrod D.
Published: May 2017

In many birds, hatching asynchrony is a common phenomenon, primarily driven by patterns of incubation behaviour. However, experimental results in blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) have shown that asynchrony is reduced by intrinsic properties of later eggs that accelerate prenatal development.

These intrinsic differences between early and late eggs could be driven by changes in resource availability to females, which are then passively passed onto the egg. Alternatively, it may be due to an anticipatory maternal effect, wherein some signal or resource is actively placed within the egg, which is beneficial to those eggs laid late within the clutch.

In order to distinguish between these hypotheses we designed a supplementary feeding experiment, wherein females were provided with food at certain times during the laying phase. This had no discernible effect on development rate, or other egg characteristics, consistent with anticipatory maternal effects.

Using a larger dataset we also tested whether natural environmental variation (weather) during egg formation affected maternal investment in eggs. Similarly, egg characteristics were found to be relatively insensitive to the environmental variation, supporting the experimental results.

Alay summaryis available for this article.
Accounting for environmental uncertainty in the management of dredging impacts using probabilistic dose–response relationships and thresholds
Authors: Fisher Rebecca , Walshe Terry , Bessell‐Browne Pia , Jones Ross
Published: May 2017

Dredging and related activities are common across nearshore marine environments, potentially threatening nearby ecosystems. Regulatory frameworks are essential for minimizing environmental impacts, yet rely heavily on a sound understanding of how ecosystems will respond to environmental stressors, and the thresholds that delineate benign and harmful conditions.

Here, we use novel statistical approaches and mathematical tools to account for uncertainty in deriving in situ dose–response relationships and thresholds for the environmental management of dredging, based on estimates of the probability of non‐zero mortality of corals during a dredging campaign at Barrow Island, Western Australia. Using modified receiver operating characteristic curves, we derive thresholds with explicit Type I and Type II errors rates, across the full range of primary stress pathways and exposure dimensions (intensity, frequency and duration).

Monitoring coral health and mortality can be expensive and water quality indicators are often used to supplement direct receptor monitoring during dredging management. We found strong relationships between coral mortality and a range of water quality exposure metrics, lending support to the use of water quality metrics as management tools for protecting corals during dredging. Metrics based on sediment deposition were more statistically powerful than those based on either light or turbidity, but may be more difficult to implement in practice. Thresholds reflecting aversion to a false sense of security in environmental protection or aversion to the costs of false alarms varied substantially for all exposure metrics examined.

Synthesis and applications. Strategies for managing environmental harm under uncertainty are critical to achieving an informed risk‐weighted balance between environmental protection outcomes and development costs. Our study demonstrates the complexities of how communities respond to variable environmental exposure across a range of pressures in time and space, and the value of integrating probabilistic approaches in environmental management to account for that complexity and its associated uncertainty. Coral mortality was strongly related to a range of water quality exposure metrics associated with dredging activities, and regulatory thresholds based on water quality can provide a solid and cost‐effective foundation for protecting corals during dredging. The probabilistic dose–response relationships and thresholds presented here are the first to be derived from in situ data using dredging related coral mortality and represent a step forward in integrating formal decision science approaches into environmental management.
The Consequences of REIT Index Membership for Return Patterns
Authors: Pavlov Andrey , Steiner Eva , Wachter Susan
Published: May 2017

The impact of stock market index membership on Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) stock returns is unclear. Returns may become more like those of other indexed stocks and less like those of their underlying properties. Taking advantage of the inclusion of REITs in major S&P indexes starting in 2001, we find that shared index membership significantly increases the correlation between REIT returns. However, index membership also enhances the link between REIT returns and the underlying real estate, consistent with improved pricing efficiency.
Encapsulation of Active Compounds in Fruit and Vegetable Juice Processing: Current State and Perspectives
Authors: Speranza Barbara , Petruzzi Leonardo , Bevilacqua Antonio , Gallo Mariangela , Campaniello Daniela , Sinigaglia Milena , Corbo Maria Rosaria
Published: May 2017

The production of value‐added and/or functional juices has increased significantly in recent years, following an increased consumer demand to promote health and/or prevent disease through diet and nutrition. Micro and nano‐encapsulation are promising technologies to protect and deliver sensitive compounds, allowing a controlled release in the target sites. This paper offers an overview of current applications, limits and challenges of encapsulation technologies in the production of fruit and vegetable juices, with a particular emphasis on products derived from different botanical sources.
Merging the Profession: A Social Network Analysis of the Consolidation of the Accounting Profession in Canada
Authors: Richardson Alan J.
Published: May 2017

The merger of Chartered Accountants (CAs), Certified General Accountants (CGAs) and Certified Management Accountants (CMAs) in Canada to create the Chartered Professional Accountant (CPA) designation is analyzed, using social network theory. The analysis examines the conversion of market power into political power through the legislative apportionment of council seats among the three legacy bodies. It then documents how political power affects the hiring of former senior association staff from each of the three predecessor bodies to run the merged association. Social network theory suggests that these appointments could be used to fill “structural holes” to ensure effective integration of the profession postmerger or could be used by those gaining political power within the network to reinforce their control over the merged association. The analysis shows that (i) the legislation consolidating the profession converted the market dominance of the formerCAs into political dominance, (ii) formerCAinstitute executives were disproportionately appointed to runCPAassociations, and (iii) in some provinces, no connection to the knowledge base of other legacy bodies through staff appointments at an executive level was maintained. The results raise concern about the loss of social capital through the hiring process and the effects of the continued use of political power to structure the merged association on the profession's stability and resilience given the diversity of its members.
A survey of single nucleotide polymorphisms identified from whole‐genome sequencing and their functional effect in the porcine genome,
Authors: Keel B. N. , Nonneman D. J. , Rohrer G. A.
Published: May 2017

Genetic variants detected from sequence have been used to successfully identify causal variants and map complex traits in several organisms. High and moderate impact variants, those expected to alter or disrupt the protein coded by a gene and those that regulate protein production, likely have a more significant effect on phenotypic variation than do other types of genetic variants. Hence, a comprehensive list of these functional variants would be of considerable interest in swine genomic studies, particularly those targeting fertility and production traits. Whole‐genome sequence was obtained from 72 of the founders of an intensely phenotyped experimental swine herd at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC). These animals included all 24 of the founding boars (12 Duroc and 12 Landrace) and 48 Yorkshire–Landrace composite sows. Sequence reads were mapped to the Sscrofa10.2 genome build, resulting in a mean of 6.1 fold (×) coverage per genome. A total of 22 342 915 high confidence SNPs were identified from the sequenced genomes. These included 21 million previously reported SNPs and 79% of the 62 163 SNPs on the PorcineSNP60 BeadChip assay. Variation was detected in the coding sequence or untranslated regions (UTRs) of 87.8% of the genes in the porcine genome: loss‐of‐function variants were predicted in 504 genes, 10 202 genes contained nonsynonymous variants, 10 773 had variation in UTRs and 13 010 genes contained synonymous variants. Approximately 139 000 SNPs were classified as loss‐of‐function, nonsynonymous or regulatory, which suggests that over 99% of the variation detected in our pigs could potentially be ignored, allowing us to focus on a much smaller number of functional SNPs during future analyses.
Evaluation of the thermal property of bovine intramuscular adipose tissue using differential scanning calorimetry
Authors: Kimura Noriyuki , Nishimura Nana , Iwama Nagako , Aihara Yoshito , Ogawa Yasuki , Miyaguchi Yuji
Published: May 2017

The thermal property of bovine intramuscular adipose tissue (IAT) was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and compared with the melting point temperature (MP) of the fat extract of IAT, which was measured using the slip point method. The beef samples were classified according to the beef marbling score (BMS). Beef with a high BMS contained less protein than that with middle or low BMS. Beef with a high BMS contained significantly more fat than that with a low BMS (P < 0.05). The endothermic point temperature (EP) of IAT, measured by DSC, was significantly higher than the MP of IAT fat (P < 0.05). The EP showed no significant difference among the three marbling grade groups. Although the MP was correlated with the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) content of IAT (R2 = 0.505), there was no correlation between the EP and the MUFA (R2 = 0.040). However, the EP of IAT treated with collagenase was relatively highly correlated with the MP (R2 = 0.655). Thus, these results suggested that DSC analysis would give us the practical thermal information regarding the melt‐in the‐mouth of beef such as the gelatinization of collagen, along with the melting of fat in IAT.
Management of adverse events associated with ixazomib plus lenalidomide/dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Kumar Shaji , Moreau Philippe , Hari Parameswaran , Mateos Maria‐Victoria , Ludwig Heinz , Shustik Chaim , Masszi Tamas , Spencer Andrew , Hájek Roman , Romeril Kenneth , Avivi Irit , Liberati Anna M. , Minnema Monique C. , Einsele Hermann , Lonial Sagar , Berg Deborah , Lin Jianchang , Gupta Neeraj , Esseltine Dixie‐Lee , Richardson Paul G.
Published: May 2017

The oral proteasome inhibitor ixazomib is approved in the United States, European Union and other countries, in combination with oral lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd), for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least one prior therapy. Approval was based on the global, randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled Phase III TOURMALINE‐MM1 study of ixazomib‐Rd (IRd) versus placebo‐Rd in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. IRd resulted in a significant improvement in progression‐free survival versus placebo‐Rd (median: 20·6 vs. 14·7 months; hazard ratio 0·74). Common toxicities observed more commonly with IRd versus placebo‐Rd were thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation, rash, peripheral neuropathy, peripheral oedema and back pain; these were generally grade 1/2 in severity except for thrombocytopenia (19% vs. 9% grade 3/4), which appeared manageable and reversible, with no differences between arms in significant bleeding or dose discontinuations. No cumulative toxicities were observed, indicating the potential feasibility of long‐term IRd treatment. Safety data from TOURMALINE‐MM1 are reviewed and guidance for managing clinically relevant adverse events associated with IRd is provided. Most toxicities were manageable with supportive care and dose delays or reductions as needed. Clinicians should be aware of and understand these potential side effects to optimise and prolong patient benefit.
Child and Adolescent Use of Mobile Phones: An Unparalleled Complex Developmental Phenomenon
Authors: Yan Zheng
Published: May 2017

This article addresses why children's use of mobile phones is an unparalleled complex developmental phenomenon in hopes of providing a broad context for this special section. It first outlines mobile phones as a sophisticated personalized and multifunction technology. Then it presents mobile phone use by children as an unparalleled complex developmental phenomenon on the basis of its four behavioral elements, two mobile cultures, and two developmental processes. It further illustrates the existing knowledge about children's mobile phones use that has been accumulated over the past 23 years and highlights 12 most studied topics, especially distracted driving and radiation exposure. It concludes with three types of scientific contributions made by the 12 articles in the special section.
Matrix metalloproteinase family polymorphisms and the risk of aortic aneurysmal diseases: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li T. , Lv Z. , Jing J.‐J. , Yang J. , Yuan Y.
Published: May 2017

It has been suggested that matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) polymorphisms are associated with the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysmal diseases. In this study, we conducted a systematic review with an update meta‐analysis to investigate the relationship between MMP family polymorphisms and aortic aneurysmal diseases. We systematically reviewed 24 polymorphisms in 8 MMP genes related to the risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), thoracic AA or thoracic aortic dissection (TAD). A total of 19 case‐control studies with 15 highly studied MMP polymorphisms were included in our meta‐analysis. Our results suggested that MMP2rs243865, MMP3rs3025058, MMP13rs2252070 polymorphisms were significantly associated with AAA risk, MMP2rs11643630, MMP8rs11225395 polymorphisms were correlated with TAD risk, and MMP9rs3918242 under the dominant model could increase AAA risk in hospital‐based subgroup. No associations with aortic aneurysmal diseases were identified for other polymorphisms assessed in our meta‐analysis. In summary, some studied MMP polymorphisms associated with the risk of aortic aneurysmal diseases are potential predictive biomarkers for the clinical application. Moreover, other MMP polymorphisms with limited studies but relevant to aortic aneurysmal formation and progression need further prospective and large investigations to confirm results.
Metapopulation vicariance explains old endemics on young volcanic islands
Authors: Heads Michael
Published: May 2017

Terrestrial plants and animals on oceanic islands occupy zones of volcanism found at intraplate localities and along island arcs at subduction zones. The organisms often survive as metapopulations, or populations of separate sub‐populations connected by dispersal. Although the individual islands and their local subpopulations are ephemeral and unstable, the ecosystem dynamism enables metapopulations to persist in a region, more or lessin situ, for periods of up to tens of millions of years. As well as surviving on systems of young volcanic islands, metapopulations can also evolve there; tectonic changes can break up widespread insular metapopulations and produce endemics restricted to fewer islands or even a single island. These processes explain the presence of old endemic clades on young islands, which is often reported in molecular clock studies, and the many distribution patterns in island life that are spatially correlated with tectonic features. Metapopulations can be ruptured by sea floor subsidence, and this occurs with volcanic loading in zones of active volcanism and with sea floor cooling following its production at mid‐ocean ridges. Metapopulation vicariance will also result if an active zone of volcanism is rifted apart. This can be caused by the migration of an arc (by slab rollback) away from a continent or from another subduction zone, by the offset of an arc at transform faults and by sea floor spreading at mid‐ocean ridges. These mechanisms are illustrated with examples from islands in the Caribbean and the Pacific. Endemism on oceanic islands has usually been attributed to chance, long‐distance dispersal, but the processes discussed here will generate endemism on young volcanic islands by vicariance.
The genetics of cholesteatoma. A systematic review using narrative synthesis
Authors: Jennings B.A. , Prinsley P. , Philpott C. , Willis G. , Bhutta M.F.
Published: May 2017

Objective

A cholesteatoma is a mass of keratinising epithelium in the middle ear. It is a rare disorder that is associated with significant morbidity, and its causative risk factors are poorly understood; on a global scale, up to a million people are affected by this each year. We have conducted a systematic literature review to identify reports about the heritability of cholesteatoma or any constitutional genetic factors that may be associated with its aetiology.

Data Sources

A systematic search of MEDLINE (EBSCO) and two databases of curated genetic research (OMIM and Phenopedia) was conducted.

Study Selection

The participants and populations of interest for this review were people treated for cholesteatoma and their family members. The studies of interest reported evidence of heritability for the trait, or any association with congenital syndromes and particular genetic variants.

Data Extraction

The searches identified 449 unique studies, of which 35 were included in the final narrative synthesis.

Data Synthesis

A narrative synthesis was conducted, and data were tabulated to record characteristics, including study design, genetic data and author conclusions. Most of the studies identified in the literature search, and described here, are case reports and so represent the lowest level of evidence. In a few case reports, congenital and acquired cholesteatomas have been shown to segregate within families in the pattern typical of a monogenic or oligogenic disorder with incomplete penetrance. Evidence from syndromic cases could suggest that genes controlling ear morphology may be risk factors for cholesteatoma formation.

Conclusions

This is the first systematic review about the genetics of cholesteatoma, and we have identified a small body of relevant literature that provides evidence of a heritable component for its aetiology. Cholesteatoma is a complex and heterogeneous clinical phenotype, and it is often associated with chronic otitis media and with some rare congenital syndromes known to affect ear morphology and related pathologies.
Determining fitting ranges of various bone conduction hearing aids
Authors: van Barneveld D.C.P.B.M. , Kok H.J.W. , Noten J.F.P. , Bosman A.J. , Snik A.F.M.
Published: May 2017

Objectives

To define fitting ranges for nine bone conduction devices (BCDs) over different frequencies based on the device's maximum power output (MPO) and to validate the assessment of MPO of BCDs in the ear canal.

Background

Maximum power output (MPO) is an important characteristic when fitting BCDs. It is the highest output level a device can deliver and is one of the major determinants of a device's fitting range. A skull simulator can be used to verify MPO of percutaneous BCDs. No such simulator is available for active and passive transcutaneous devices.

Design

The MPO of nine different BCDs was assessed either by real‐ear measurements and/or with skull simulator measurements.

Main outcome measures

MPO and cross‐validation of the methods using the Bland–Altman method.

Results

Percutaneous BCDs have higher MPO levels compared to active and passive transcutaneous devices. This results in a wide dynamic range of hearing for percutaneous devices. Moreover, the assessment of MPO by real‐ear measurements was validated.

Conclusion

Based on MPO data, fitting ranges were defined for nine BCDs over seven frequencies.