bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fenomenologia e compromisso. O debate entre Merleau-Ponty e Sartre
Authors: Castanheira Maria Teresa
Published: December 2021

This essay is an attempt to read Merleau-Ponty’s ln Praise of Philosophy as a text in which the French phenomenologist breaks with Sartre and at the same time states his view on philosophical engagement and the relation between philosophy and politics. By reading this Lecture as a reply to Sartre I shall argue that there is a connection between this text and the lively debate that in the fifties opposed the two French philosophers on the place of philosophy in the Lebenswelt. In the letters exchanged at the time, first edited by François Ewald and published in 1994, one can find evidence for understanding their different views.

In the Lecture Merleau-Ponty never mentions either Sartre’s name or his philosophy. However, I shall argue that some of Merleau-Ponty’s most important theses are directed against Sartre, namely, when the former claims that there is an opposition between the philosopher and the man of action (or the professional politician).

In part one I shall analyse Sartre’s letter to Merleau-Ponty claiming that the Lecture is a self-justification of sorts and accusing him of practising the phenomenological ɛπoχη. This accusation by Sartre is evidence of a clear difference between the sartrean concept of “existential engagement” and Merleau--Ponty’s own concept of the refusal of choice.

In part two, I shall try to show that ln Praise of Philosophy belongs to Merleau-Ponty’ s inquiries in phenomenology and this fact must be taken into account. The analysis of Merleau-Ponty’ s letter to Sartre explaining the Lecture clearly shows the relation between the concept of good ambiguity and the concept of engagement. At this point it becomes quite obvious that the dispute between the two philosophers is not over the meaning of engagement but indeed about the meaning of phenomenology and phenomenological ɛπoχη. I shall argue that Merleau-Ponty’s ambiguity is mainly a kind of the husserlean ɛπoχη. I shall also claim that one finds a clear echo of Husserl’ s Vienna Lecture in Merleau-Ponty’ s ln Praise of Philosophy.

Finally, I shall show that both lectures are replies to unmentioned philosophers, in which both refuse to identify philosophy with political engagement or national engagement. For them, the task of philosophy is truth as engagement with humanity.
Mortality prediction in chronic interstitial lung diseases (ILDs): ILD-GAP (gender age physiology) and (the new modified classification) TNMC-ILD-GAP
Authors: Bansal Sameer , Desai Unnati D. , Joshi Jyotsna M.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The interstitial lung disease-gender age physiology (ILD-GAP) model has been proposed on the lines of GAP-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) to predict mortality in chronic ILDs, other than IPF. We replaced diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) with the easy to perform 6-minute walk distance (6 MWD) in the ILD-GAP and proposed the new modified classification (TNMC)-ILD-GAP model. Our aim was to demonstrate the usefulness of the TNMC-ILD-GAP as a predictor of mortality in all chronic ILDs and compare the results with the ILD-GAP.

Methods: It was a retrospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care centre. Baseline characteristics of the patients among different ILD groups were analysed. A 3-year follow-up was recorded. The results were compared with the original ILDGAP model. Chi-square and paired t-test was used for comparison of qualitative and quantitative data, respectively.

Results: Mean ages were 62.34 (±9.85), 57.9 (±11.6), 46.1 (±14.6) and 55.5 (±14.7) in IPF, non-specific interstitial pneumonitis (NSIP), connective tissue disease (CTD) and unclassifiable groups, respectively. There were 50%, 18%, 26% and 55% males in the four categories respectively. Mean 6 MWD was 227 m, 302 m, 342 m, and 332 m. Mean PaO2 was 64 mmHg, 70 mmHg, 75 mmHg, 69 mmHg. Mean forced vital capacity (FVC) (percentage predicted) was 52, 49, 51 and 54. Most of the patients had comorbidities, among which pulmonary hypertension was the most common. Mortality with ILD-GAP model and TNMC-ILD-GAP showed concordant results as the difference in mortality predicted by ILD-GAP and the TNMC-ILD-GAP models was statistically insignificant (P > 0.050).

Conclusion: 6 MWD can serve as a reliable replacement for DLCO in the ILD-GAP model, especially in resource limited settings.
Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma – A rare cause of pleural effusion
Authors: Constantin Ana , Macri Anca , Mihălțan Florin Dumitru
Published: December 2021

We present the case of a 44-year-old patient, with a history of lymphatic tuberculosis, diagnosed with a pleural effusion associated with pulmonary consolidations. Pleural effusions are frequent in the general population, presenting an incidence of 3–4 cases/1000 people. The etiological diagnosis can be difficult, as they can be secondary to a variety of diseases. Numerous extrapulmonary disorders can explain fluid accumulations in the pleural space with elevated protein level (exudates). However, more frequently they are the result of pulmonary diseases – inflammatory, infectious or neoplastic. The case entailed a differential diagnosis between pulmonary and pleural tuberculosis and neoplastic diseases. Despite receiving antituberculous treatment, the patient’s initial symptoms worsen, the patient starts presenting new signs and symptoms, and the fluid’s characteristics change – expression of an unfavourable evolution. Establishing the diagnosis proved to be difficult as invasive procedures were necessary. We diagnosed an extremely rare tumour, of vascular origin as the cause of the pleural effusion. Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma (EHE) presents an incidence of 1 in 1 million people. In conclusion, when treating a patient for pleural effusion, the lack of improvement entails reconsidering the initial diagnosis and performing more extensive tests.
Use of Blockchain Mechanisms in PLC Control and Safety Critical Processes
Authors: Horváth Dušan , Strémy Maximilián
Published: December 2021

In a few past years, a lot of cyber-attacks on industrial systems were accomplished. The main point of vulnerability of industrial control systems (ICS) is their connection to the Internet. Standard ICS rely on local solutions; however, with the revolution in the shape of Industry 4.0 concept, there are only a few industrial sectors with no connection to the global network. Some researchers have revealed critical vulnerability of the control systems. In this paper, we briefly summarize the current situation, and introduce our solution to the check of changes in PLC via other nodes in industrial network. The way how to do it is possible through using a checksum of actual code, and comparing with the checksums stored in other nodes.
Increasing the Efficiency of a Robotic Cell Using Simulation
Authors: Juhás Martin , Juhásová Bohuslava , Nemlaha Eduard , Charvát Dominik
Published: December 2021

The paper deals with the possibilities of increasing the efficiency of a robotic cell. The robot assembly station is a part of a multi-robotic workplace capable of performing solitary operations. The complete production cycle of the cell is subjected to a thorough analysis. Deficiencies, having a direct impact on cell efficiency, are identified. These shortcomings include redundant movements of the robotic arm, the absence of an inspection mechanism for the presence of assembly parts, and inefficient instructions of the production cycle algorithm. The identified deficiencies are eliminated using the CIROS simulation tool. The result of the adjustments is a global 11.4% increase in the efficiency of the robotic cell in terms of time performance.
Industry Communication Based on TCP/IP Protocol
Authors: Bartoň Martin , Budjač Roman , Tanuška Pavol , Schreiber Peter , Horák Tibor
Published: December 2021

The design of control systems needs to ensure communication between multiple PLCs or external IoT devices. Furthermore, there are several ways of communication between them. This article dealt with the PLC communication based on TCP/IP protocol, and compared several communication options between two PLCs of the S7-300 and S7-1200 series connected using Profinet with a solution built in C# connected to the PLC via an OPC server. We used MODBUS TCP, TCON, and PUT/GET program blocks for comparison. We transmitted a digital Boolean data type and an analogue value of the integer data type via Profinet to read data from the S7-300 PLC and send data to the S7-1200. We compared the programming instructions standardly used as a client/server PLC programming with a Windows Forms application, and evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of this solution even when using external IoT devices. The solution was applied and successfully tested for communication between PLC S7-1200 and Nvidia Jetson Nano. We wrote program instructions for PLC in Siemens Tia Portal V15.
An Approach to Automated Programming of Industrial Robots Based on Graphic Data
Authors: Halenár Igor , Halenárová Lenka , Kovačic Matej
Published: December 2021

The article contains the design and implementation of a system for automatic program generation for an industrial robot, based on the graphical input recorded by camera. The content is divided into two parts. The first section deals with processing the visual data acquired from an external source to appropriate form, using edge identification and transformation from raster to vector image. The second part deals with the automatic program generation for industrial robot. The article describes different possible approaches to solution. The selected way of solution was implemented in real environment in a chosen programming language. The final section of the article presents the results of experiments, together with the overall evaluation of the results.
Identifying Key Challenges of the National Energy and Climate Plan through Climate Policy Integration Approach
Authors: Aboltins Reinis , Jaunzems Dzintars
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study was to analyse to what extent Latvia’s National Energy and Climate Plan 2030 (NECP2030) is in synergy with climate policies formulated in other strategic and policy documents through applying Climate Policy Integration approach (CPI). CPI is defined as integration of activities aimed at mitigating climate change as well as adaptation activities in all policy making levels and stages in other policy sectors and commitment to reduce and prevent contradictions between climate policy and goals and policies and goals of other sectors. NECP2030 is intended to be the manual of policies and policy instruments aimed at achieving changes in production and use of energy resources and energy that result in sustainable economic policy, which functions in line with climate goals. NECP2030 has 12 activity groups covering a spectrum of policy measures. The study concludes that there are policies, which do not function in synergy with climate policy or are even of competitive nature vis-à-vis climate policy.
Hydrodynamic Performance of the 3D Hydrofoil at the Coupled Oscillating Heave and Pitch Motions
Authors: Abbasi A.R. , Ghassemi H. , He G.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to study on the power extraction of the hydrofoil by performance of the coupled oscillating heave and pitch motions. The numerical analysis is conducted by using the Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations and the realizable k- ɛ turbulent model of the Star-CCM+ software. A 3D oscillating hydrofoil of NACA0015 section with aspect ratio of 7 is selected for the present analysis at two inflow velocities and three frequencies. The numerical results of lift and drag coefficients, horizontal and vertical forces coefficients, power efficiency in time domain and average value of those parameters are presented and discussed. According to the numerical results, the high efficiency of hydrofoil is found at the reduced frequency of 0.18 and the flow velocity of 1 m/s and the low efficiency is obtained at the reduction frequency of 0.06 and the flow velocity of 2 m/s. Moreover, the contour results of vorticity, streamline and pressure distribution are also presented and discussed. The computational model depicts clear vortex patterns surrounding the hydrofoil, which has a major impact on the power performance of oscillating hydrofoil.
Optimization of Drilling Parameters During Machining of Al-Mg-Si Alloys By Taguchi Method Coupled with Grey Relational Analysis and Validated By Fea Based Deform - 3D
Authors: Sreenivasulu Reddy , Srinivasarao Chalamalasetti
Published: December 2021

In the present work to validate the experimental results as per Taguchi based grey relational analysis by considering L27 orthogonal array corresponding to five factors with three levels and obtained optimal combination of input parameters to minimize the output responses during drilling process which is most important finishing operation required in the structural assembly works where we found application of Al-Mg-Si alloys, Deform-3D software is implemented and found good feasibility with that of experimental results.
Effect of TIG and FSW Welding Processes on Mechanical Properties of Al-4.2Mg-0.6Mn-0.4Sc-0.1Zr Alloy
Authors: Mallipudi Srinivasa Rao , Shankar Tangudu Sai , Srikar Perumalla , Rao Uppda Bhanoji , Chandrasekhar Yandra , Karthikeyan Kambhampati
Published: December 2021

In this study, friction stir welding (FSW) and Tungsten gas welding (TIG) processes were used to weld 5 mm thick Al-4.2Mg-0.6Mn-0.4Sc-0.1Zr alloy plates. The FSwelds and TIG welds were tested for mechanical properties (hardness, ultimate tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength) by means of vicker’s hardness machine, universal testing machine and impact test machine respectively. The strength of the base material was higher, compared to the strength of the FSW and TIG welded joints. The strength of the TIG welded joint decreased, compared to the strength of the FSW welded joint. The microstructure features were also observed for base material with the aid of metallurgical microscope and compared the same with the microstructures of FSW and TIG welded joints. FSW change the material strength due to fine-grain refinement in the stir zone in Al-4.2Mg-0.6Mn-0.4Sc-0.1Zr alloy and therefore FS welded joint exhibited 91.6% joint efficiency followed by the TIG welded joint of 69.8%.
Prohibition on the Obligation to Disclose One’s Worldview, Religious Beliefs, or Religion in the Light of Article 53(7) of the Constitution of The Republic of Poland of April 2, 1997
Authors: Ożóg Michał
Published: December 2021

The aim of this article is to present the normative content of article 53 clause 7 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2nd April 1997. The paper presents the subjective scope of the regulation, including the scope of subjects who enjoy the guarantee of the “right to silence” as well as the list of addressees of the prohibition. The analysis also presents the subjective scope of article 53 paragraph 7 of the Constitution, together with an indication of the legal problems that occur in the practice of law in the context of obligations to respect the “right to silence”. The research includes substantive and formal assessment of the legal provision in question.
Legality of Prohibitions on Performing Specific Economic Activities Introduced to Prevent the Spread of the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: The Case of Poland
Authors: Korycińska-Rządca Paulina
Published: December 2021

State authorities have taken a variety of measures aimed at combating the COVID-19 pandemic. One group of those measures constitutes restrictions on the freedom of economic activity. In the paper the author analyses the provisions establishing prohibitions on performing specific economic activities introduced in Poland in the period from 14 March 2020 to 31 May 2021 in order to verify whether they have sufficient legal bases. For that purpose it was necessary to establish the constitutional conditions for introducing restrictions on the freedom of economic activity. Subsequently the author verified what legal bases for the implementation of the restrictions were indicated in the legal acts introducing those restrictions and how those prohibitions have been defined. The main research method used for the purpose of the paper is the dogmatic method of analysing the provisions contained in the legal acts.
Employee Intrapreneurship Scale: adaptation and validation in the Romanian working population
Authors: Tisu Luca , Pap Zselyke , Virga Delia
Published: December 2021

The present article includes two studies that have tested the reliability and validity of the Romanian adaptation of the Employee Intrapreneurship Scale (EIS). Intrapreneurship is a relatively novel concept describing proactive behaviors through which employees contribute to the growth and development of organizations they are employed in. The factorial structure and gender invariance of the EIS have been tested in the first sample, including 307 employees with diverse occupational backgrounds. The factorial structure was cross-validated in a second sample, including 122 employees with a similar composition. The second study also established convergent validity of the scale through testing its’ associations to risk-taking, innovativeness, and proactive personality. Discriminant validity was tested using the Average Variance Extracted (AVE) procedure. The results have confirmed a factor structure whereby employee intrapreneurship is composed of two latent indicators: strategic renewal and corporate venturing. Reliability indices and factor loadings have shown a consistent and valid measure of intrapreneurship at the employee level. Furthermore, the concept showed significant positive associations to other constructs in the nomological network, and the AVE indicated satisfactory discriminant validity. Overall, these studies provide a psychometrically valid measure to be used in intrapreneurship research in Romanian organizations.
The Effects of Genre and Reading Difficulty on Narrative Transportation: The Mediating Role of Affect
Authors: Isakoglou Foivos , Multhaup Kristi S. , Munger Margaret P. , Eiler Brian A.
Published: December 2021

Stories offer a refuge from people’s mundane troubles and commitments by immersing them in intricate fictional worlds. Narrative transportation, i.e., the feeling of being “lost” in the world of a story, has been found to be an important measure of involvement with narratives (Green & Brock, 2000). Numerous studies have examined the impact of literary fiction on readers’ theory of mind, but the relationship between genre and narrative transportation remains relatively unexplored. Black and Barnes (2015a) proposed that exposure to literary fiction produces higher narrative transportation than exposure to nonfiction texts. The present investigation sought to replicate this finding while (a) measuring baseline trait empathy, (b) addressing a confound of genre and reading difficulty noted in prior work, and (c) assessing the mediating role of affect on the relationship between genre and narrative transportation. Empathy was positively correlated with narrative transportation, r = .39, p < .001. Narrative transportation was higher for participants who read challenging fiction and nonfiction than for participants who read easy fiction, F(2, 891) = 5.79, p = .003, ηp2= .013. Positive affect, but not negative affect, mediated the effect of challenging versus easy text conditions on narrative transportation, b = –.16, se = .04 (95% CI [–.25, –.08]). These findings suggest that narrative transportation may not be dependent on story genre, but rather on a given text’s difficulty level and the positive emotions experienced while reading.
EXECUTION OF PEASANT REBELS AND RURAL HOSTAGES IN TAMBOV PROVINCE 1918-1921
Authors: Parakhin S. A. , Bezgin V. B.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the practice of using the supreme punishment - execution, used by the repressive bodies of the Soviet government in the fight against peasant protests in the Tambov province during the civil war. The research was carried out on the basis of archival sources introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The work uses historical-comparative and systemic methods. An analysis of the facts of the execution of peasants carried out by punitive agencies during the suppression of rural "riots" of 1918-1919 and the period of the struggle against the uprising of 1920-1921 in the Tambov province is given. The facts of extrajudicial killings in the form of public executions of peasant rebels and hostages from among the civilian population, which were resorted to by the military-party administration in the occupied regions, were established. The role of the institution of hostages as a repressive measure in the actions of government troops to suppress the peasant uprising has been clarified. It is concluded that if during the period of rural "riots" in 1918-1919 execution was applied only to their organizers, then during the peasant uprising of 1920-1921 this form of the death penalty for "active" insurgents was given a systemic character, and the shooting of hostages from among local residents became widespread.
RESULTS OF ANALYSIS OF OSTEOLOGICAL MATE RIALS OF SCYTHIAN TIME FROM THE HILLFORT BOLSHOE STOROZHEVOE: LATEST RESEARCH
Authors: Merkulov A. N. , Myagkova Yu. Ya. , Belaya N. N. , Kovalev D. A.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes osteological materials obtained during the latest excavations of one of the largest hillforts of the Middle Don culture of the Scythian time – Bolshoye Storozhevoe. The collection under study dates back to the end of the 5th - 4th centuries BC. and has 3650 bones, 1180 of which have been identified to species. The bones are kitchen remains associated with the butchering and consumption of animal meat directly on the site. The analyzed samples are represented exclusively by the bones of domestic animals. Among them, the remains of cattle (36.4%) predominate, fragments of the skeleton of a horse (23.1%) and small ruminants (23.2%) were found equally, pig bones (15.8%) were found somewhat less frequently. The bones of a dog were found, almost all of which were found in one of the household pits. Among the slaughtered animals, as a rule, adults prevailed, which indicates that people were engaged in animal husbandry directly on the hillfort. According to the proposed by E. E. Antipina method, the volume of consumption of meat products was calculated and the herd composition was reconstructed. The basis of the meat diet was beef and horse meat. Goat, lamb and pork supplemented the meat diet. The herd apparently consisted mainly of horses and cattle. There were few pigs, goats and sheep in it.
THE PROBLEM OF PROPERTY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE LEGAL STATUS OF THE OWNER PEASANTS OF RUSSIA XVIII - FIRST HALF OF XIX CENTURIES
Authors: Dolgikh A. N.
Published: December 2021

The problem of the correlation of the concept of «property» (or «private property») with the situation in Russia in the pre-reform period is insufficiently studied in historiography. There is no definite opinion about the time of the appearance of this concept in the socio-political life of the Russian Empire, about what was considered movable and immovable property (especially in the countryside) then, especially since about the middle of the XVIII century, how the owner (landowner) peasantry was perceived in legislation and in practice in this context – as movable or immovable property of landowners-nobles, whether the owner peasants themselves at that time had rights to movable or immovable property. To study the problem, the author draws on numerous materials of noble projects for solving the peasant question, published by him in a number of collections of documents, as well as data on legislation, memoirs, etc. At the same time, only a part of them is directly used in the study itself. The materials of pre-revolutionary, Soviet and modern Russian historiography, as well as some studies of foreign historians related to this issue, are drawn. As a result of the analysis of sources, literature and materials of his own research, the author first raises questions, offering in some cases certain intermediate solutions, drawing attention to the need for historians to develop a certain consensus on the use of certain concepts in this context, since the materials of legislation and its implementation in the practical life of the prereform time allow for different interpretations. The work is in a certain sense a continuation of the author's research on the main components of serfdom in Russia in the last 1.5 centuries before the peasant reform of 1861.
Europa – Migration – Populismus - Aktuelle Spannungsfelder politischer Ethik
Authors: Lesch Walter
Published: December 2021

Im Mittelpunkt dieses Bandes stehen aktuelle Themen politischer Ethik, die sich den drei Bereichen Migration, Europa und Populismus zuordnen lassen. Die ethischen Herausforderungen, die die internationale Migration mit sich bringt, erfordern das Zusammenspiel nationaler und europäischer Ebenen. Entsprechend ist der große Rahmen der hier versammelten Beiträge eine transnational zu denkende Sozialethik in den Strukturen Europas.
Zu den Reaktionen auf die Migration gehört unter anderem der erstarkende Rechtspopulismus, der sich in der Regel dezidiert europaskeptisch positioniert. Insofern ergeben sich aus dem Nachdenken über Europa, Migration und Populismus Spannungsfelder und Argumentationsmuster, die mit grundlegenderen Fragen politischer Ethik verbunden sind.
Kirchen als Gemeinschaftswerk - Zu den wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Grundlagen frühneuzeitlichen Sakralbaus
Authors: Hersche Peter
Published: December 2021

Praktische Fragen des «gewöhnlichen» Kirchenbaus vom 17. bis zum frühen 19. Jahrhundert stehen im Mittelpunkt dieses Buches: Es geht etwa um Voraussetzungen, Anlass und Motivationen zum Bau, Organisation, Kosten, Finanzierung, Trägerschichten, Stiftungen, Fronarbeit. Es ist ein Beitrag zu einer Kirchengeschichte «von unten», das heisst aus der Sicht des gewöhnlichen Volkes. Die Studie erfasst die katholische Schweiz, die partienweise eine enorm reiche barocke Sakrallandschaft samt einer sehr guten Quellenlage aufweist. Gerade weil heute das jahrhundertelang bestehende Pfarrkirchensystem in Frage gestellt ist, ist es angebracht, sich historisch mit dem Thema zu befassen. Auch Probleme der verschiedenen Konfessionskulturen, der Max-Weber-These und von Individualismus versus Gemeinsinn werden diskutiert.
Konzeptualisierung von Form in Musik - Aspekte von Formvorstellungen tonaler Musik vom 19. bis zum 21. Jahrhundert
Authors: Wörner Felix
Published: December 2021

Wie kann Form in der transitorischen Kunstart Musik angemessen verstanden werden? Seit dem 19. Jahrhundert kreisen Überlegungen zum Phänomen von Form in Musik verstärkt um diese Frage. Dabei rücken Systeme der Gattungsformen mit ihrem architektonisch geprägten Formbegriff zunehmend in den Hintergrund; in Wechselwirkung mit wissenschaftsgeschichtlichen Entwicklungen zeichnen sich grundlegende Veränderungen im Konzept von Form in Musik ab. Aus einer interdisziplinären Perspektive heraus zeigt die Untersuchung Einflüsse von philosophischer Ästhetik, experimenteller Psychologie sowie von innovativen Ansätzen der Kunst- und Literaturwissenschaften auf formtheoretisches Denken. Sie bietet mit dieser neuen Kontextualisierung und Perspektivierung eine wichtige Ergänzung zu kompositionsgeschichtlichen und formanalytischen Studien.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN MENGGUNAKAN DATA SEKUNDER PERBAIKAN TANAH DENGAN LIMESTONE DAN PASIR BATU PADA LEMPUNG LUNAK
Authors: Prayoga Prayoga , Sentosa Gregorius Sanjaja
Published: December 2021

Pengerjaan sebuah bangunan membutuhkan dasar pondasi yang kuat, yang mampu menerima semua beban yang akan diberi. Kekuatan pondasi tersebut berposisi sebagian besar pada dasar, yaitu pada tanah di atas bangunan dibangun. Pada pengerjaan jalan raya utama seperti tol, beban yang diberi terhadap tanah merupakan beban bangunan begitu pula beban getaran dan berat kendaraan yang melewati. Hal tersebut dapat merusak bangunan jalan jika tidak didukung oleh pondasi yang kuat. Tanah yang kuat merupakan tanah yang padat, memiliki plastisitas yang rendah, dan penurunan yang kecil. Namun, tanah-tanah di Tangerang merupakan tanah lempung yang belum cukup memenuhi kriteria tanah yang dapat digunakan secara langsung. Perbaikan tanah atau perkuatan tanah dibutuhkan untuk memastikan tanah yang akan dipakai kuat dan sanggup menerima segala beban yang akan diberi. Berbagai macam perbaikan tanah dapat diaplikasikan di proyek tol Kunciran-Cengkareng, tetapi perbaikan tanah yang paling efektif dan tidak memakan banyak biaya adalah perbaikan tanah pasir batu dan campuran batu kapur. Menggunakan litelatur yang didapat, akan dibandingkan perbaikan tanah yang mana, yang memiliki efektivitas tertinggi untuk kasus seperti pembangunan pada Tol Kunciran-Cengkareng yang sudah selesai pengerjaan dan sudah mulai beroperasi.
ЗАСІБ ДЛЯ БІОМЕТРИЧНОЇ АВТЕНТИФІКАЦІЇ НА ОСНОВІ ПОВЕДІНКОВИХ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ КОРИСТУВАЧА
Authors: Kosareva Anastasiia , Rehida Pavlo
Published: December 2021

У роботі наведено результати дослідження існуючих методів поведінкової біометрії, а саме біометрії за особливостями користувача при наборі тексту. Також у роботі описано та проаналізовано власний метод автентифікації користувача за його динамікою натискання клавіш. Запропоновано розроблений авторами метод, описаний у статті, як програмний додаток для проведення різноманітних досліджень розпізнавання особистості за її поведінковими особливостями.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ НЕПОВНОФАЗНИХ РЕЖИМІВ РОБОТИ ЕЛЕКТРИЧНИХ МЕРЕЖ НАПРУГОЮ 110 КВ З НЕЛІНІЙНИМИ ЕЛЕМЕНТАМИ
Authors: Bodunov Vadim , Dihtyaruk Ihor , Prystupa Anatoliy
Published: December 2021

У роботі досліджено умови виникнення ферорезонансних процесів в електричних мережах напругою 110 кВ шляхом моделювання у схемотехнічному пакеті Matlab Simulink. Запропонована в роботі модель дозволяє досліджувати умови виникнення ферорезонансних перенапруг в електричних мережах напругою 110 кВ та, на основі отриманих даних розробляти заходи, направлені на усунення причин та мінімізацію наслідків ферорезонансних перенапруг.
Ad hoc prayer spaces – a challenge of the architecture of the 21th century
Authors: Szuta Agnieszka Faustyna
Published: December 2021

This article considers the problem of arranging places of prayer in the vicinity of universities and dormitories. A survey was conducted among students living in the dormitories of the Gdańsk University of Technology in order to determine if there was a real need to arrange such spaces. Subsequently, examples of temporary chapels designed in the last 20 years in Western European countries were presented. Analysis of the selected facilities and discussions based on literature studies made it possible to draw conclusions on the possibilities and ways of shaping temporary prayer spaces in the often historic and crowded university environments. The research included in situ investigations.
Dwa typy reformacyjnych liturgii Wieczerzy Polskiej
Authors: Worbs Marcin
Published: December 2021

W artykule najpierw zostały krótko ukazane wybrane tendencje i fenomeny, spotykane w pobożności późnego średniowiecza, które pośrednio lub bezpośrednio wpłynęły na kształtowanie się życia liturgicznego reformacji. Następnie w głównej części przedłożenia omówiono dwa zasadnicze typy liturgii Wieczerzy Pańskiej, które ukonstytuowały się w pierwszych latach reformacji: tzw. typ mszalny oraz tzw. typ górnoniemiecki. Przedstawiono genezę, proces kształtowania się i strukturę najważniejszych prototypów liturgii Wieczerzy bez szczegółowego analizowania licznych obrządków na nich wzorowanych. W końcowej części artykułu reformacyjne liturgie Wieczerzy Pańskiej zostały w ogólny sposób scharakteryzowane ze wskazaniem na ich istotne różnice i podobieństwa.
The Third Wave of Liberation Theology. From the Catholic Enfant Terrible to Vehicle of Ecumenism, Interreligious and Social Dialog?
Authors: Krauze Filip
Published: December 2021

The past decade has seen a radical shift in the Church's stance toward liberation theology. At the same time, the complexity of its description has greatly increased. The issue has grown beyond South America and intra-ecclesiastical affairs. The multicultural and multireligious nature of liberation theology presents, on the one hand, a methodological difficulty and, on the other hand, an opportunity to look at faith and religion in different cultures and denominations through a new unifying key. According to the author, we are dealing with the “third wave” of liberation theology nowadays. Efforts are needed to utilize it more productive than the better known South American “infant terrible” of the Church.
A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS EXRHYNCHITES VOSS, 1930 (COLEOPTERA: RHYNCHITIDAE) FROM VIETNAM
Authors:   Institute of Systematic and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Frunze street-11, Novosibirsk, 630091, Russia, Legalov A. A. ,   Altai State University, Lenina-61, Barnaul, 656049, Russia,   Tomsk State University, Lenina Prospekt 36, Tomsk, 634050 Russia
Published: December 2021

Exrhynchites storozhenkoi sp. n. is described and illustrated from North Vietnam. The new species differs from other congeners in the body without metallic blue luster, cowered with dense yellow-brown hairs, and sclerotized armament of the endophallus.
Study of brainstem auditory evoked response and biochemical markers in patients of alcohol use disorder
Authors: Siddiqui Mudassir Anis , Srivastava Divya , Choudhary Sandeep
Published: December 2021

Objectives:

Data available on brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) and its correlation with biochemical parameters in patients of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in Indian population is scanty. Therefore, this study was undertaken to focus on the effects of AUD on BAER and liver enzymes.

Materials and Methods:

This case-control study included 40 males in the study group who had AUD and 40 healthy males in the control group in the age group of 20–60 years. The BAER was performed using octopus NCS/ EMG/EP (Clarity) machine. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase and serum bilirubin were estimated in all the subjects.

Results:

We observed a highly significant increase in the absolute latencies of waves III and V and interpeak latencies (IPL) I-III and I-V of BAER in the patients of AUD in this study. Significant increase in the liver enzymes and especially AST/ALT ratio of patients of AUD was seen which indicated towards subclinical alcoholic hepatitis. The latencies of waves of EPs (waves III, V, IPL I-III and IPL I-V) were positively correlated with the biochemical parameters and duration of AUD.

Conclusion:

Our findings indicated that AUD lead to the increase in brainstem transmission time and also lead to subclinical alcoholic hepatitis which is reflected by the increase in the liver enzymes. We concluded that chronic alcohol consumption affected the auditory pathways and delayed the auditory transmission time which was suggestive of possible demyelination of auditory tracts.
Perivascular histamine receptors mediate vasosensory reflex responses elicited by thermal nociceptive stimuli in anaesthetised rat models
Authors: Revand Ravindran , Singh Sanjeev K.
Published: December 2021

Objectives:

Reflex responses elicited by intra-arterial (i.a) instillation of nociceptive agents are known as vasosensory reflex responses. The present study was designed to demonstrate the vasosensory reflex responses evoked by thermal nociceptive stimuli in anaesthetised rat models and to examine the role of perivascular histamine receptors in mediating these responses.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, saline at different temperatures (0°C/30°C/55°C) was instilled retrogradely into the femoral artery to stimulate the perivascular nociceptive terminals and the respiratory movements, BP and ECG were recorded for 10 min. Experiments were performed in four groups of rats. Two groups were dedicated to study the temperature-induced reflex cardiorespiratory (CVR) responses after i.a instillation of cold (0°C) and warm saline (55°C). The responses in these groups were compared with the responses after instillation of normal saline at room temperature (30°C) in a separate group of rats that served as time matched control group. Another group of rats was pre-treated with pheniramine and the responses elicited by warm saline were studied.

Results:

Instillation of warm saline produced immediate (2–6 s) hyperventilatory, hypotensive and bradycardiac responses which were short-lived, while equivolume of normal saline at room temperature did not. Cold saline also elicited the CVR changes of similar quality as that of warm saline but of lesser quantity which were not significantly different from the control group. Pre-treatment with pheniramine significantly attenuated the warm saline-induced reflex responses.

Conclusion:

Activation of perivascular sensory nerve terminals by thermal nociceptive stimuli elicits vasosensory reflex responses altering CVR parameters. Perivascular histamine receptors play a significant role in mediating the temperature-induced vasosensory reflex responses.
Holocord spontaneous pneumorrhachis in the setting of refractory emesis
Authors: Houston Rebecca , Fiani Brian , Musch Brian , Tayag Emilio
Published: December 2021

Background:

Pneumorrhachis (PNR) is the presence of air within the spinal canal and may be either intramedullary or extramedullary in location. The etiology is most commonly iatrogenic or traumatic in nature. Treatment is dependent on underlying cause and physical exam.

Case Description:

Herein, we describe the second case in the literature of spontaneous holocord PNR in a young patient without risk factors. A 22-year-old male with no past medical history presented to the hospital for 2 days of vomiting and cramping in his hands and feet secondary to severe dehydration. He recently started a new job as a manual laborer and had to leave work early 2 days prior due to overexertion working outside in heat ranging from 100 to 120 degrees Fahrenheit. CT abdomen and pelvis demonstrated spontaneous pneumomediastinum and extramedullary PNR extending upward from L3 throughout the thoracic spine to the upper limit of the scan. Subsequent CT cervical and thoracic spine showed the full length of the extradural air from C2-T12 and again at L3.

Conclusion:

Spontaneous PNR is an uncommon, typically self-limited condition in which air is introduced into the spinal axis. Anatomic predisposition makes the extradural, dorsal cord in the cervicothoracic region the most common location. Patients are rarely symptomatic, and treatment is supportive in nature once secondary causes with high rates of morbidity and mortality are ruled out.
Pediatric brain abscess – etiology, management challenges and outcome in Lagos Nigeria
Authors: Kanu Okezie Obasi , Ojo Omotayo , Esezobor Christopher , Bankole Olufemi , Olatosi John , Ogunleye Ezekiel , Asoegwu Chinyere , Eghosa Morgan , Adebayo Bamidele , Oladele Rita , Nwawolo Clement
Published: December 2021

Background:

Brain abscess in children is a neurosurgical emergency with potentially catastrophic outcome despite the advances made in neuroimaging techniques and antibiotic therapy. Symptoms are nonspecific and may vary with the child’s age, location, size, numbers and stage of abscess, and the primary source of infection. Treatment is usually with broad-spectrum antibiotics in combination and surgical evacuation in most cases or antibiotics alone in selected cases with clear-cut indications. This study was to document clinical characteristics, etiological factors, and spectrum of bacteriologic agents responsible for pediatric brain abscess in an African city, the challenges and management outcome over the study period.

Methods:

This was a retrospective study over an 11-year period involving 89 children who presented with brain abscess. Information of interest was extracted from the medical records of each participant. The results from data analysis were presented in charts and tables.

Results:

Eighty-nine children aged 0.85–15.7 years (median age of 6.4 years) met the inclusion criteria. The male-to-female ratio was 1.8:1. Headache (80%), fever (78%), and hemiparesis (78%) were the most common symptoms. Brain imaging deployed was CT scan in 56 (63%), MRI in 9 (10%), and transfontanel ultrasound scan in 24 (27%) children. Seventy-one (80%) children had antibiotics with surgical evacuation while 18 (20%) children received only antibiotics. In 19 (27%) children, the culture of the abscess was negative. In 53 (75%) children, Gram-positive aerobic organisms were isolated. A total of 75 patients (84%) had a favorable outcome.

Conclusion:

Pediatric brain abscess still poses significant public health challenge, especially in resource-limited regions. Successful management of brain abscess requires high index of suspicion for early diagnosis, referral, and intervention.
Esthesioneuroblastoma with recurrent dural metastases: Long-term multimodality treatment and considerations
Authors: Deng Hansen , McDowell Michael M. , Gersey Zachary C. , Abou-Al-Shaar Hussam , Snyderman Carl H. , Zenonos Georgios A. , Lunsford L. Dade , Gardner Paul A.
Published: December 2021

Background:

Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a rare malignant disease and treatment protocols have not been standardized, varying widely by disease course and institutional practices. Management typically includes wide local excision through open or endoscopic resection, followed by radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and stereotactic radiosurgery. Tumor control can differ on a case-by-case basis. Herein, the complex management of a rare case of recurrent disease with multiple dural metastases is presented.

Case Description:

A 60-year-old patient was diagnosed with ENB after presenting with anosmia and epistaxis. The patient underwent combined endonasal and transfrontal sinus craniofacial resection, followed by proton beam radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Subsequently, he developed a total of 25 dural metastases that were controlled with repeated Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKRS). In spite of post-treatment course that was complicated by radiation necrosis and local vasculopathy, the patient made significant recovery to functional baseline.

Conclusion:

The management of ENB entails multimodality and multidisciplinary care, which can help patients obtain disease control and long-term survival. Recurrent ENB dural metastases can behave as oligometastatic disease manageable with aggressive focal GKRS. As prognosis continues to improve, chronic treatment effects of radiation in such cases should be taken into consideration.
Should the direct aspiration first pass technique be advocated over the stent-retriever technique for acute ischemic stroke? A systematic review and meta-analysis of 7692 patients
Authors: Negida Ahmed , Ghaith Hazem S. , Gabra Mohamed Diaa , Aziz Mohamed Abdelalem , Elfil Mohamed , Al-Shami Haider , Bahbah Eshak I. , Kanmounye Ulrick Sidney , Esene Ignatius , Raslan Ahmed M.
Published: December 2021

Background:

The present meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence from all published studies with head-to-head data on the outcomes of a direct aspiration first pass technique (ADAPT) and the stent-retriever (SR) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.

Methods:

We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to March 2021 for relevant clinical trials and observational studies. Eligible studies were identified, and all relevant outcomes were pooled in the meta-analysis random-effects model of DerSimonian-Laird.

Results:

Thirty studies were included in the meta-analysis with a total of 7868 patients. Compared with the SR, the ADAPT provides slightly higher rates of successful recanalization (RR 1.06, 95% CI [1.02 to 1.10]) and complete recanalization (RR 1.20, 95% CI [1.01 to 1.43]) but with more need for rescue therapy (RR 1.81, 95% CI [1.29 to 2.54]). There were no significant differences between the two techniques in terms of mortality at discharge, mortality at 90 days, change in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, the favorable outcome (modified Rankin scale (mRS) of 0-2), time to the groin puncture, or frequency of complications as intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), embolus in a new territory (ENT), hemorrhagic infarction, parenchymal hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, or procedural complications (allP> 0.05).

Conclusion:

Current evidence supports the use of the ADAPT technique to achieve successful and complete recanalization while considering the higher need for rescue therapy in some patients.
LEGAL PROBLEMS AND FEATURES OF COPYRIGHT PROTECTION IN INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE LAW
Authors:   Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University, Radchuk Oleksandr , Plotnikova Anna ,   Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University, Dubyna Kateryna ,   Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of legal problems and features of copyright protection as an institution of intellectual property in international private law. The work briefly describes the history of the formation of the protection of intellectual property rights in international private law. It is found out that it begins in the 19th century. The process of the emergence of the World Intellectual Property Organization, which plays a key role in coordinating the adoption of measures for international cooperation in the field of copyright protection, has been outlined. The article analyzes the positions of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works of 1886 regarding the objects of protected copyright and the Berlin Conference of 1908, during which new provisions were established, such as the term of copyright protection, clear definitions of the concepts of literary and artistic works, etc. The results of the 1967 Stockholm Conference were investigated, in particular about the recognition of the “author’s right to reproduce”, the principle of protecting the personal rights of the author, etc. The difference between the Berne and Geneva conventions is clarified. It is stated that there are two forms of copyright protection: jurisdictional and non-jurisdictional. Within the framework of the jurisdictional form, the essence of the general and special protection procedures is determined. The key rules for resolving conflict issues of regulation of the institution of copyright have been determined. Among them are the rules for recognizing decisions of foreign courts, provisions on the application of law to contractual obligations, etc. The types of copyright infringements on the Internet have been highlighted. Measures to combat copyright infringement on the Internet at the legislative level are considered using the example of France and the United States. The methods of copyright protection on the Internet identified by scientists have been analyzed: limited functionality, the establishment of a kind of «timer”, the use of services of clearing centers, the use of cryptographic envelopes, the use of digital stamps. It is proposed to create an international regulatory framework that would regulate the protection of copyright on the Internet, as well as contain mechanisms for both preventive protection of copyright and protection after the infringement, and their legal regulation.