bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of the Association Between Serum Ferritin and C-Reactive Protein in Children Presented with Iron Deficiency Anemia in Combined Military Hospital Pathology Department Multan
Authors: Sheikh Waqas Hanif , Iqbal Hamid , Younas Muhammad , Hamdani Naeem Raza , Ali Oshaque
Published: December 2022

Objective: To determine association between Serum ferritin and C-reactive protein (CRP) in children having iron scarcity anemia.

Study Design: Cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Pathology Department, Combined Military Hospital Multan Pakistan, from Jun to Dec 2018

Methodology: One hundred and thirty-eight (138) children were consecutively selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Each sample of blood was collected from children for serum ferritin, Blood complete picture (Blood CP) which include hemoglobin level and red blood cell indices and serum sample for C-reactive protein (CRP). Sandwich chemilumine-scence immunoassay technique was used to analyze serum ferritin, Blood CP was analyzed on sysmex and C-reactive protein was analyzed immuneturbidi-metric method.

Result: A total of 138 children were included in our study. Mean age group of our population is 4.5 ± 0.65 years. Out of these 138, 67 (49%) were male children and 71 (51%) were female children. CRP was found negative in 50 (36%) and positive in 88 (64%) children. ANOVA and chi-square test showed association between CRP and anemia was statically significant.

Conclusion: Increased ferritin level, secondary to inflammation may mask an underlying iron inadequacy in children. CRP in children with normal or high ferritin can be helpful in diagnosing iron deficiency. Serum ferritin was found to be positively correlated with CRP in children.
Chemotherapy Induced Neutropenic Fever and Its Response to Empirical Antimicrobial Therapy
Authors: Murtaza Hafiz Muhammad , Maryam Samra , Iqbal Muhammad Shaheen , Ghafoor Tariq , Awan Aamir Aslam , Farid Naeem
Published: December 2022

Objective: To find out the frequency of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (FN) in children diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and its response to empirical antibiotic therapy.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Peadiatric Oncology, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Nov 2017 to Oct 2018.

Methodology: Newly diagnosed pediatric patients suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia between 1 to 15 years of age were included. All patients were treated with chemotherapy according to the United Kingdom National Randomized Trial for Children and Young adults with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (UKALL) 2011 protocol. Patients with febrile neutropenic (FN) episodes were treated with empirical antimicrobial therapy as per hospital guidelines. Patients ‘response to antimicrobial therapy, blood culture results and related complications were noted.

Results: Out of a total 77 patients, 45 (58.4%) had 69 episodes of febrile neutropenia (FN), 62 (78.5%) episodes of febrile neutropenia (FN) were started empirical treatment with first-line antibiotics (piperacillin-tazobactam and amikacin) whereas 15 (21.7%) episodes of febrile neutropenia (FN) not responding to the 1st line were shifted to second-line antibiotics (meropenem and amikacin). Mean duration of fever was 4.1 ± 2.8 days on 1st line antibiotic regimen, 2.6 ± 1 days on 2nd line antibiotics and 6.3 ± 3.3 days on combination with antifungal drug. Ten patients received antifungal therapy empirically. Efficacy of the 1st line and the 2nd line was 72.5% and 77% respectively. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent organism isolated from blood culture results. During the induction phase, 10 (12.9%) patients..............
Clinical Spectrum and Laboratory Study of Von Willebrand Disease -Experience from Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Mohsin , Mahmood Asad , Mahmood Rafia , Khurshid Ayesha , Khan Nabeela , Sarwar Nozaif
Published: December 2022

Objective: To determine the clinical features and laboratory parameters of patients of von Willebrand disease (vWD) in our population.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Hematology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Jul 2019.

Methodology: All patients newly diagnosed von Willebrand disease patients were assessed clinically. Complete blood counts, bleeding time, coagulation profile, von Willebrand antigen levels and FVIII levels were determined.

Results: A total of 66diagnosed patients of von Willebrand disease were included in the study. Out of these 15 (22.7%) were male while 51 (77.2%) were females. The most common clinical symptom was pallor, seen in 49 (74.2%) patients, followed by epistaxis in 36 (54.5%) and gum bleeding in 28 (42.4%) patients. Consanguineous marriages were found in 40 cases (60.6%) and family history was positive in 23 (34.8%). Patients mean vWF Ag level was4.29 ± 7.7 IU/dL while mean FVIII levels was 5.18 ± 7.8 1 U/mL.

Conclusion: Von Willebr and disease is among the most common inherited bleeding disorder which presents with a classical pattern of mucocutaneous/soft tissue bleed, with pallor epistaxis and gum bleed being the most common presenting complaints.
The Risk Factors of Chronic Low Backache in Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital of Pakistan
Authors: Mushtaq Samina , Mushtaq Salman , Salim Babur , Nasim Amjad
Published: December 2022

Objective: To identify the risk factors of chronic low backache in patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan.

Study Design: Cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Rheumatology, Fuji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Nov 2018 to Apr 2019.

Methodology: Patients of ages between 18-80 years of ages with mechanical low backache were selected excluding those with malignancy and inflammatory backache. Patient’s characteristics including gender, age, education, monthly income, smoking status, exercise, previous back trauma, spinal surgery, posture mostly adopted, sleeping material, body mass index (BMI), and co-morbidities were noted down. For assessment of disability and depression Quebec disability index and patient health questionnaire (PHQ9) were used.

Results: This study included 155 patients with backache with mean age (in years) of 55.45 ± 10.772. Mean duration of backache was 4.78 ± 4.36 years. Most common risk factor for low backache was age >40 years present in 144 patients (92.9%). 136 patients (87.7%) were not doing regular physical exercise.62.5% patients (97) were uneducated and 90 patients (58%) had low income. 82 patients (52.9%) used soft sleeping material. By using Quebec disability index, 57 patients (36.7%) were classified as having severe disability. Mild depression was present in 75 patients (48.3%) when assessed on PHQ-9 scale.

Conclusion: Back pain was caused by many factors. Lack of regular exercise and education, use of soft sleeping material and in appropriate sitting posture can be addressed by education of the patients.
Comparison of Scheimpflug Derived Biomechanical and Tomographical Indices to Detect Corneal Ectasia - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Younis Fazla , Zafar Omar
Published: December 2022

Objective: To compare Corvis ST (Oculus Wetzlar, Germany) and Pentacam (Oculus) derived indices to detect normal cornea, keratoconus and for mefruste keratoconus.

Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology (AFIO), Rawalpindi, from Feb to Jul 2019.

Methodology: Following strict inclusion criteria 90 patients were enrolled that were divided into 3 equal groups of normal, Keratoconus and Formefruste kertoconus. One eye of the patient was selected and underwent ophthalmic examination followed by assessment of Corvis ST (Oculus Wetzlar, Germany) and Pentacam (Oculus). Classification analysis between normal, keratoconus and formefruste keratoconus was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was compared.

Results: Several corneal response parameters generated by Corvis St (Oculus Wetzlar, Germany) were statistically significant (p-value <0.05) in keratoconus group. The Area under the curve (AUC) ROC values for the keratoconus and normal comparison were 0.84(SPA1), 0.864 (BAD-D), 0.865 (PRFI), 0.92 (CBI), 0.96 (TBI). Among the combined indices TBI showed increase sensitivity of 98.3 % and 94.7% specificity to detect keratoconus. The AUC ROC value for the formefruste and normal control comparison were 0.75 (SPA1), 0.81 (BAD-D), 0.82 (PRFI), 0.81 (CBI), 0.91 (TBI) with 94% sensitivity and 90% specificity to detect formefruste keratoconus.

Conclusion: Our study concluded that among the combined indices TBI demonstrated greater precision to detect keratoconus and formefruste keratoconus thus aiding and augmenting the recent technology.
Endoscopic Pilonidal Sinus Treatment (EPSIT) Vs Total Excision with Primary Closure (EPC) for Pilonidal Sinus Disease in Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi
Authors: Muazzam Muhammad Ali , Hussain Syed Mukarram , Quraishi Muhammad Tanvir Ahmed
Published: December 2022

Objective: To compare endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment (EPSIT) vs total excision with primary closure (EPC) for pilonidal sinus disease in Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi regarding intra and post-operative outcomes.

Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Surgery, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Sep 2017 to Aug 2018.

Methodology: A total of 94 patients, all male patients were included. All 94 have primary pilonidal sinus; Patient were randomized in a double-blind study to undergo EPSiT or EPC by non-probability, consecutive sampling into two equal groups.

Results: The mean ± age SD of patients was 28 years ± 2.6 years. All patients completed the follow-up. All 94 patients divided equally for EPSiT and EPC. The patients completed the follow-up. All 94 patients divided equally for EPSiT and EPC. Surgery duration of EPSiT with a median duration of 34.5 minutes (IQR 30-39) and EPC 40.5 minutes (IQR 35-46); The median hospital stay was 8.5 hours (IQR 4-14) in EPSIT and 21.5 hours (IQR 15-28) in EPC. Complete wound healing in EPSiT was 93.6% and EPC was 81%. Wound complication rate was lower for EPSiT 3 (6.3%) and 8 (17%) or EPC (p-value 0.108). One case of wound dehiscence reported in EPC. Recurrence occurred in EPSiT was 3(6.3%) and EPC 9(19.1%).

Conclusions: In our experience, EPSiT was viable as EPC in the treatment of pilonidal sinus.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Different Methods in Detecting Factor V Leiden Mutation in Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Barlas Sidra , Robert Helen Mary , Mahmood Asad , Mahmood Rafia , Khurshid Ayesha , Khan Saleem Ahmed
Published: December 2022

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of clotting based APCR assay in determining Factor V Leiden mutation with PCR as gold standard and to establish the frequency of factor V Leiden mutation in patients presenting with thrombophilia as well as to study their clinical presentations and association with arterial or venous thrombosis.

Study Design: Cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Army Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Dec 2018 to Sep 2019.

Methodology: A total of 230 patients were recruited which presented with DVT and other thrombotic conditions. Acquired causes of Factor V Leiden mutation were excluded from our study. For Screening tests APCR, blood was collected in 3.2% sodium citrate tubes while for PCR blood was collected in K2 EDTA tubes.

Results: On Screening, APCR test 44 (19.29%) showed positive results with cut-off value of <0.8 while 184 (80.70%) were negative. Out of total 230 patients, Factor-v mutation was detected in 42 (18.4%) of patients. On statistical analysis, Screening APCR was found to be 95.45% (95% sensitive CI: 83.84%-99.42%) and 97.85% (95%CI: 94.59%-99.41%) specific as compared to our gold standard method PCR. The positive likelihood ratio was 44.39 (95%CI: 16.76-117.03) while the negative likelihood ratio was 0.05 (95%CI: 0.01-0.19) with a positive predictive value and a negative predictive value of 91.30% (95% CI: 79.10%- 96.35%) and 98.91% (95%CI: 95.92%-99.72%), respectively. The accuracy was 97.39% (95% CI: 94.36%-99.03%).

Conclusion: APCR for Factor-v Leiden Screening is a rapid and cost-effective method for diagnosis of Factor-v Leiden mutation.
Quality of Life in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sarir Nauman , Kohistani Tehseen Ashraf , Arshad Abdul Rehman , Ali Gulzar , Khitab Sumbal
Published: December 2022

Objective: To document quality of life in type 2 diabetics and identify factors predictive of better quality of life.

Study Design: Cross- sectional analytical study.

Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Peshawar Pakistan, from Jul to Aug 2019.

Methodology: Adult patients of either gender being treated in outdoor department for type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled using non- probability convenience sampling technique. We excluded unwilling patients, those with diabetes for less than 3 months and those unable to comprehend the data collection instrument. Quality of life was assessed using Urdu version of WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. This was self-administered. Variables potentially affecting quality of life were also recorded: age, gender, duration of diabetes, presence of co-existent hypertension, type of treatment and body mass index.

Results: There were 99 patients, including 44 males, having mean age of 55.01 ± 12.68 years. Median duration of diabetes was 9 years (range: 0.5 to 35 years). Co-existent hypertension was present in 63 patients. Mean BMI was 24.92 ± 5.79 kg/m2. Most (60; 59.60%) of them were on insulin. Total score on WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was 87.19 ± 12.38, whereas the scores for physical, psychological, social and environmental quality of life were 12.06 ± 2.32, 12.90 ± 2.88, 15.82 ± 3.91 and 14.47 ± 1.84 respectively. Male patients were more likely to have better quality of life (Odds Ratio 3.638, 95% CI 1.508, 8.775; p=0.004). Other factors did not influence quality of life.

Conclusion: Patients with type 2 diabetes have a poor quality of..........
Effect of Ketamine on Tourniquet Induced Hypertension
Authors: Hayat Muhammad Umer , Saeed Mobasher Ahmed , Saeed Ahmed , Khan Basit Mehmood , Abbas Sana
Published: December 2022

Objective: To compare the frequency of tourniquet induced hypertension in patients undergoing limb surgeries under general anesthesia with intravenous infusion of ketamine and placebo (saline infusion).

Study Design: Comparative prospective study.

Place and Duration of Study: Anaesthesia Department, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from May to Nov 2018.

Methodology: Total 80 patients undergoing upper and lower limb surgeries with tourniquet application under general anesthesia were randomly assigned into two equivalent groups. Group A (n=40) received intravenous ketamine 0.1 mg/kg bolus followed by infusion at a rate of 2ug/kg/min while Group B (n=40) received intravenous bolus of normal saline followed by its infusion via infusion pump. Systolic blood pressures were recorded by non-invasive method 30 seconds prior to tourniquet inflation and at 60 mins interval after its inflation. Results were characterized using the descriptive statistics. Mean and standard deviation (SD) were used for quantitative variables while frequency and percentages for qualitative variables. The p-value <0.05 was considered as significant.

Results: Tourniquet induced hypertension was found in 2 (5.0%) group A patients and 11 (27.50%) group B patients with statistically significant p-value of <0.05. Visual analogue scale score was slightly higher in the Saline group, but the result was statistically not significant (p=0.32).

Conclusion: Ketamine infusion reduces the occurrence of tourniquet induced hypertension in patients undergoing surgeries with tourniquet application.
Evaluation of Sagittal Change in the Maxilla and Incisor Inclination Following Rapid Palatal Expansion Using Cone Beam Computerized Tomography
Authors: Pasha Hajra , Anwar Ayesha , Bangash Azhar Ali
Published: December 2022

Objective: To measure the sagittal changes in the maxilla via angular change in point A with Sella Nasion plane and incisor to palatal plane before (T1) and after (T2) rapid palatal expansion with bonded expander.

Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.

Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Feb 2017 from Jan 2018.

Methodology: 30 patients both male and female presenting to orthodontics department AFID between the ages of 9 and 12 years, with transverse maxillary deficiency were given a bonded hyrax appliance with an activation schedule of 2 turns per day, the retention period was 2 months followed by further retention with a removable plate. Two cone beam computerized tomography evaluations were done. One pre-expansion (T1) and the other after 2 months of retention (T2).

Results: 30 children 16 males (53%) and 14 females (47%) with a mean age of 11.03 ± 0.76 years were studied showing that from pre-treatment to post-treatment Sella Nasion point A value changed insignificantly from 77.03 ± 2.81 to 77.2 ± 3.02and 1 to palatal plane changed insignificantly from 111.82 ± 5.74 to 110.8 ± 5.80. Paired sample t-test results confirmed the statistically insignificant change in Sella Nasion point A and 1to Palatal Plane.

Conclusion: Following rapid palatal expansion with a bonded expander in growing patients the change in maxillary location in the sagittal dimension and the change in inclination of incisor to palatal plane following expansion was insignificantly affected statistically and hence clinically.
Comparison of Biometric Parameters and the Level of Agreement Between OB820 and Iol Master
Authors: Rabbani Shafaq , Akram Amjad , Yaqub Amer , Ashraf Ammara , Khan Fatima
Published: December 2022

Objective: The primary aim of this study was measure and compare the axial length (AXL), keratometric indices (K1, K2) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) by biometric devices; IOL Master and OB 820, to seek evidence on level of agreement for these parameters between these two devices.

Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.

Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jul 2016 to Apr 2018.

Methodology: This study was carried out at Armed Forced Institute of Ophthalmology on seventy eyes of 53 patients with senile grade II and grade III cataract. All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmic and biometric examination using two different optical biometry devices the IOL-Master (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) and OB-820 (Wave Light, Germany). Parameters of study were axial length (AXL), kera to metric indices (K1, K2) and anterior chamber depth (ACD). The results were evaluated using Bland–Altman analyses for level of agreement (LoA). The differences between both methodologies were assessed using the paired samples t test, and their correlation was evaluated by intra class correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results: The mean age was 62.97 ± 7.97 years with the male/female ratio of 28/25. Mean axial length assessed by OB820 and IOL Master differed significantly in two groups, with a p-value of 0.018. Bland-Altman analysis further confirm significant difference range and 95% limits of agreement and ICC=0.659) of agreement for AXL. While, other parameters, K1, K2 and ACD showed an outstanding agreement (range within 95% confidence interval by Bland -Altman analysis) and internal consistency and.................
Spontaneous Splenic Rupture in Plasmodium Vivax Malaria
Authors: Sufyan Abu , Zaman Muhammad , . Manzoor , . Qadir , . Saifullah
Published: December 2022

Splenomegaly is one of the common complications of malaria most commonly associated with Plasmodium Vivax. Due to inadequate treatment, spleen can harbor parasite, which causes recurrent infection leading to splenomegaly and splenic rupture. Spleen is more prone to rupture in acute phase of infection. The exact mechanism of splenic rupture is still unknown but trauma, pressure of abdominal muscles on spleen due to sneezing and coughing plays important rule. Spontaneous splenic rupture although very rare in normal sized spleen, as in case presented here, is life-threatening complication. Therefore, early diagnosis and management plays important role in saving life.
Retrieval of Gallbladder Through Epigastric Vs Umbilical Port After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Awan Muhammad Younus , -Al-Hassan Rabea , Akram Maqsood
Published: December 2022

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of epigastrics vs. umbilical port after laparoscopic cholecystectomy by measuring the time taken to retrieve the gall bladder, post-operative pain, and infection.

Study Design: Comparative prospective study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Surgery Combined Military Hospital Abbottabad, from Jan to Jun 2019.

Methodology: A total of 106 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Inclusion criteria were patients with symptomatic gallstones. Exclusion criteria were patients with comorbid medical conditions, acute cholecystitis, Empyema gall bladder, bile or stone spillage, and BMI >40. Time taken to retrieve the gall bladder, pain, and wound infection were used to compare the effectiveness of port sites. The results were collected on proforma and analyzed by using SPSS version 23.

Results: Total 106 patients, having mean age of 45.90 ± 14.49 years. Gender distribution was similar (p=0.314). Retrieval time of gall bladder in epigastric group was 9.2 ± 2.98 and in umbilical group 9.73 ± 3.57 this difference was insignificant (p=0.516). In epigastric group pain was perceived in 3.69 ± 1.77 and in umbilical group 3.28 ± 1.39 with p-value of 0.062 which was nonsignificant. Wound infection in epigastric group was 1.07 ± 0.266 and in umbilical group 1.05 ± 0.233 with p-value of 0.439 which was in significant.

Conclusion: Both port sites are equally effective and depend on Surgeon’s preference.
Metastatic Malignant Melanoma Clinically Presenting as Parotid Mass - A Case Report of an Unusual Clinical Presentation
Authors: Naseem Maria , Asif Muhammad , Khadim Muhammad Tahir , Din Hafeez ud , Shoaib Iman
Published: December 2022

Malignant melanoma has been considered as one of the most common tumor of the skin despite its occurrence in other organs. Being fatal in nature, timely detection and subsequent treatment is essential to avoid poor prognosis. The current case occurred in a 73-year-old male patient, with a melanoma presented as metastasis in parotid lymph node. The article discusses and focuses on the distinct clinic-pathologic presentation of this case, emphasizing the necessity to identify and report such cases for understanding of its molecular pathology role and impact. However, these rare lesions may present themselves in an un-common way which needs to be identified and reported to understand their biologic behavior. The current case report aims to fulfill the understanding criteria of such incidents.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Multidetector Computed Tomography in Detecting Mesorectal Fascia Involvement in Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Panezai Mahrukh , Anwar Javed , Khattak Abdul Latif , Amir Omar , Tareen Ayesha , Saleem Humera
Published: December 2022

Objectives: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of multi detector computed tomography (MDCT) in detecting mesorectal fascia involvement in colorectal carcinoma, taking histopathology as a gold standard.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Radiology, Combined Military Hospital Quetta from Jun to Dec 2019.

Methodology: A total of 117 suspected patients of colorectal carcinoma, aged 40-80 years of either gender were included. All the patients underwent MDCT and then were looked for mesorectal fascia involvement. After surgical intervention, the his to pathological result of respected specimens was correlated with MDCT findings.

Results: MDCT showed mesorectal fascia involvement in 66 (56.41%) patients. Histopathology confirmed mesorectal fascia involvement in 62 (52.99%) cases, whereas 55 (47.01%) patients revealed no mesorectal fascia involvement. In MDCT positive patients, 56 patients were true positive, while ten patients were false positive. Among 51 MDCT negative patients, 6 were false-negative while 45 were true negative. Overall results of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of MDCT in detecting mesorectal fascia involvement, taking histopathology as the gold standard was, 90.32%, 81.82%, 84.85%, 88.24% and 86.32% respectively.

Conclusion: This study concluded that MDCT is a recommended modality due to its high sensitivity. It is an accurate modality for pre-operative detecting mesorectal fascia involvement in colorectal carcinoma patients.
‘Egmont, Who Was He?’
Authors: Morris Ewan
Published: December 2022

As part of Aotearoa New Zealand’s process of settling historical Treaty of Waitangi claims, a settlement is expected to be completed soon in relation to the maunga (mountain) known to Māori as Taranaki. In addition to recognising the maunga as a legal person, the settlement will reportedly make Taranaki Maunga the landmark’s sole official name. More than 250 years after Captain Cook imposed the name Mount Egmont on the landscape, that name will finally disappear from the map. Few people today are likely to mourn the loss of this name, but things were very different 35 years ago. In 1986, ‘Mount Taranaki or Mount Egmont’ was recognised as the official name of the maunga. The path to that compromise, in which Māori and European names sat side by side, was bitterly contested by many Pākehā (New Zealanders of European descent) who feared the removal of a name they saw as tied to their sense of identity. For Taranaki Māori, who had patiently campaigned for restoration of the Māori name, the decision was another step towards recognition of their deep connections with their sacred maunga. This article provides an account of the debate over the name of the maunga that took place in 1985-86 and looks at how identity, history, race relations and democracy were discussed in the debate. It also reflects on the reasons why there was such intense contestation over the name, and the debate’s relevance to the new Aotearoa New Zealand histories curriculum.
Navigating the Politics of Remembering
Authors: Meihana Peter
Published: December 2022

Remembering the past is not as straight forward as it might appear. The histories that we choose to retell and privilege speak to contemporary concerns. For Rangitāne, Ngāti Kuia and Ngāti Apa, the indigenous peoples of the northern South Island of Aotearoa New Zealand, history is political. Histories are recounted in the present for a purpose, that is, to maintain the mana (prestige, authority, influence) of the community to whom the histories belong. This article touches on some recent examples of history speaking in the present.
ELEVENTH-GRADERS’ PERSPECTIVES TOWARDS THEIR ACTUAL ACQUISITION OF WRITING ENGLISH SKILL. A CASE STUDY AT A PHAM NGU LAO HIGH SCHOOL, HUNG YEN
Authors: Do Phuong
Published: December 2022

This study investigated eleventh-graders’ viewpoints on the practice of teaching writing English skill at their school. A quantitative, descriptive method was conducted with the participation of 57 eleventh-graders at a high school in Hung Yen province during the second term of the academic year 2021-2022. The descriptive survey adapted partially Marquette University’s (2008) questionnaire was floated to the participants to examine their perspectives towards General English Writing Skills; Grammar, Punctuation, and Mechanics Skills; and Grammar, Punctuation, and Mechanics Strategies. The results reveal that high school students are not good at writing English paragraphs due to the negligence of the testing and assessment format, which concentrates on multiple-choice tests. Besides, learner autonomy in improving writing skills is demotivated and discouraged to develop English paragraph writing. The finding of this research would help the educational policy-makers adjust English teaching curriculum to give a priority to promote writing skills. Simultaneously, teachers of English should change their pedagogical practices to raise their learners’ awareness of the key role of writing English skill. For English language learners, they could recognize the importance of writing effectively in English. Lastly, future studies might consult the findings of this research for the reference to serve as the resourceful enrichment of their research liability.
THE AREA METHOD AT THE PRIMARY LEVEL WITH MEDIAN LINE PROBLEMS
Authors: Khổng Nguyện , Tran Tuong
Published: December 2022

When solving any problem or geometry problem, we often have thoughts and find the other solutions or how to discover new problems from the original problem. For geometry problems, in order to have a new problem we often change or add  sumptions/conclusions and etc. In this work, it comes from solvingthe median line problem in primary level. We will develop andexpand it to include new problems on the basis of changing theratio of each dividing point on the two sides of the triangle and/oradding appropriate assumptions.
THIẾT KẾ HOẠT ĐỘNG TRẢI NGHIỆM TẠI LÀNG NGHỀ ĐỊA PHƯƠNG NHẰM NÂNG CAO CHẤT LƯỢNG ĐÀO TẠO GIÁO VIÊN MẦM NON TẠI TRƯỜNG CAO ĐẲNG SƯ PHẠM NAM ĐỊNH
Authors: Vu Huong
Published: December 2022

Hiện nay, việc tổ chức hoạt động trải nghiệm theo hướng khai thác các yếu tố mang tính địa phương, vùng miền đang được đẩy mạnh nhờ những ưu điểm như: khai thác và bảo tồn các giá trị về thiên nhiên và văn hóa; tính khả thi cao; gần gũi với người học... Để nâng cao chất lượng đào tạo giáo viên mầm non, trường Cao đẳng Sư phạm Nam Định đã và đang tăng cường tổ chức các hoạt động trải nghiệm tại làng nghề địa phương.Trong bài viết, tác giả đã đề xuất quy trình thiết kế hoạt động trải nghiệm gồm 7 bước: Bước 1: Lựa chọn chủ đề hoạt động trải nghiệm văn hóa địa phương gắn liền với chương trình đào tạo GV mầm non; Bước 2: Xác định mục tiêu của hoạt động; Bước 3: Xác định nội dung và phương pháp, phương tiện, hình thức của hoạt động; Bước 4: Lập kế hoạch; Bước 5: Thiết kế chi tiết hoạt động trên bản giấy; Bước 6: Kiểm tra, điều chỉnh và hoàn thiện chương trình hoạt động; Bước 7: Đánh giá việc thực hiện quy trình. Tác giả đã lấy ví dụ về thiết kế hoạt động trải nghiệm tại làng nghề làm nón Nghĩa Châu của tỉnh Nam Định cho sinh viên ngành giáo dục mầm non.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE BEHAVIOR OF USING E-WALLETS OF STUDENTS AT DA NANG UNIVERSITY
Authors: Vo Si
Published: December 2022

The objective of the paper is to analyze the factors affecting the behavior of using electronic macros of the students. Student Danang University of Economics. The data used in the study was collected by the author from the survey results of 300 valid samples. Due to the Covid-19 epidemic situation, the survey was conducted online using a Google Form link, researched by a convenient method and processed via SPSS software. The article uses qualitative and quantitative methods, through descriptive statistics steps; testing the reliability of the scale by Cronbach Alpha coefficient; exploratory factor analysis (EFA); Pearson; Regression Analysis. The result of the regression analysis shows that there are 3 factors affecting the behavior of using micro electronics, including perceived behavioral control;  Social influence and Compatibility. The proposed word do implies policies and solutions to improve the potential to help students access and used the e-mail more. Quantitative research is used to measure the impact or each factor on the behavior of using e-mail Student e-wallet of Da nang University of Economics.

.
SOME SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF TRADITIONAL HISTORY, TRADITIONAL HISTORY EDUCATION, AND EVOLUTIONARY IDEAS FOR THE GENERATION AT TAN TRAO UNIVERSITY
Authors: Phan Nhung
Published: December 2022

Propaganda and education on the traditional history and revolutionary ideals is a necessary tasks, contributing to building and consolidating beliefs, political bravery, character formation, and living ideals for the young generation. Therefore, proposing solutions to improve the efficiency of this work is very important for the young generation at universities in general and Tan Trao University in particular.
USING READING SUB-SKILLS TO IMPROVE THE NON-MAJOR FRESHMEN’S ABILITY OF INDEPENDENT READING CỎMPREHENSION AT TAN TRAO UNIVERSITY
Authors: Nguyen Dung , Ta Huyen
Published: December 2022

Based on the current educational perspective, the main goal of learning English is to form and develop the essential knowledge and skills of English and the necessary intellectual qualities to help students improve or apply to life (Dang Thi Lan (2009), [1]. Therefore, all new English books are compiled according to the current educational program, based on the criteria of promoting active learning methods, focusing on developing all four skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing in each lesson.
 However, through practical teaching, it has been shown that the English reading comprehension ability of the first-year students is still limited, not actively grasping the primary information of the text, not understanding all the implications of the reading, leading to the birth of students. Students learn reading comprehension skills that are not effective. Besides, in reading comprehension iiilessons, iiiteachers iiistill iiiface iiimany iiidifficulties iiibecause iiithey iiihave iiinot iiifully iiimastered iiithe iiitricks iiiof iiiteaching iiireading iiicomprehension. iiiIn iiithis iiistudy, iiithe iiiauthor iiihopes iiito iiipartly iiihelp iiistudents iiiovercome iiicommon iiichallenges iiito iiipractice iiiEnglish iiireading iiicomprehension iiiskills iiimore iiieffectively, iiisuch iiias iiireading iiicomprehension iiitexts iiiand iiireading iiicomprehension iiiexercises iiiwith iiisuccessful iiiresults. iiiHigh... iiiFrom iiithere, iiitake iiithe iiiinitiative iiiin iiiabsorbing iiiand iiiperceiving iiithe iiilesson's iiiknowledge.
Drab to Fab: Examining the Effects of Perceived Coolness on News Consumption on Social Media
Authors: Wu Mu , Bien-Aimé Steve
Published: December 2022

This study surveyed college students to gauge whether coolness influences intention to consume news on four social networking platforms: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat. Results indicate that news consumption on Twitter and on Facebook are generally rated as more useful and easier to use than on Instagram and Snapchat. However, consuming news on Twitter and Snapchat is perceived as the coolest overall, whereas news use on Facebook is rated as the least cool across all three coolness sub-dimensions. Because coolness, with attractiveness and subculture being two appeals that had unique contribution, explains a significant amount of variance in individuals’ behavioural intentions to consume news on each of the platforms, this study suggests that, in addition to utilitarian aspects, coolness motivates news consumption on social networking sites and should be incorporated into future studies on technology adoption.
Power Users’ Branded Virtual Reality Experience: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Lee Yoon-Joo , Park Mina , Silva David , Joo Jinho
Published: December 2022

Virtual reality advertising campaigns allow consumers to interact with companies in a novel way. This study examined how individual differences in power usage (confidence using technology in innovative and functional ways) and the trust-schema (trustworthiness perception of a company) interact to affect consumers’ experience of control, attitudinal outcomes, and behavioral intentions (sharing their VR experience). The findings revealed that power users are more likely to recommend VR experiences, have a positive attitude toward VR experiences, and share their experiences, than non-power users. However, these effects were moderated by consumers’ trust-schema levels. Power users were less sensitive to the effect of trust-schema than non-power users. The implications of the findings and future studies on the emerging metaverse were further discussed.
Rol de enfermería en la adherencia al esquema de vacunación en menores de edad indígenas
Authors: Freire Medina Cristina Guadalupe , Fernández Nieto Miriam Ivonne
Published: December 2022

El rol de enfermería es fundamental en la adherencia a la vacunación de menores de edad indígenas logrando así, evitar enfermedades inmunoprevenibles a futuro, siendo su principal complemento las funciones educativas y de promoción en las personas indígenas, rompiendo las barreras interculturales. El objetivo principal se centra en determinar el rol de la enfermería en la adherencia al esquema de vacunación en menores de edad indígenas, del Centro de Salud Tipo A Juan Benigno Vela del cantón Ambato (Ecuador). Se aplicó un enfoque cualitativo, fenomenológico y aplicado, desarrollado en el Centro de Salud Tipo A Juan Benigno Vela. Para el estudio se tomó en cuenta 119 familiares de menores de edad indígenas dentro del proceso de inmunización, así como a cuatro enfermeros de la institución sanitaria. Los resultados indican que el 53.78% de los participantes indígenas refieren no haber recibido información acerca de las reacciones adversas post vacunación y el 55,46% no sabe cómo actuar cuando estas se presenten. El 40,34% manifiesta insatisfacción con la atención brindada, debido a un trato inadecuado del personal en un 41,67%. El personal debe saber el idioma kichwa y buscar el tiempo para brindar una educación personalizada sobre las vacunas aplicadas. Se concluye que, la vacunación es una estrategia para prevenir y controlar enfermedades infantiles, donde se requiere mejorar la calidad de educación e información que brinda enfermería a los familiares de los niños vacunados. Otro aspecto para mejorar es la relación enfermera- usuario indígena, la misma que debe ser inclusiva, humanizado y respetuosa.
Estresores que afectan el normal desarrollo de las funciones asistenciales en el personal de salud
Authors: Zurita Valle Kevin Josué , Herrera López José Luís
Published: December 2022

Introducción: Los estresores laborales son aquellos relacionados con las condiciones del trabajo que provienen de la relación entre el trabajador y sus funciones laborales llevando a provocar trastornos psicológicos o daños físicos dentro del personal de salud lo cual puede llevar a un ausentismo o una falta en sus funciones laborales. Objetivo: Identificar los estresores que afectan el normal desarrollo de las funciones asistenciales en el personal de enfermería. Metodología: utilizó un diseño descriptivo, enfoque cuantitativo de corte transversal, se indagó a 101 enfermeras que laboran en diferentes servicios del Hospital General Ambato mediante el Cuestionario Estresores Laborales para Enfermería. Resultados: los principales resultados muestran que el 96% corresponde al género femenino, casados (58%) y oscilan de entre 31 a 40 años; servicios con mayor participación: centro quirúrgico (25%), Neonatología (15%) y UCI (13%) con un tiempo laboral menor a 1 año. El 61% no pueden realizar sus tareas de enfermería y no comparten sentimientos con otros compañeros, 70% presentó estresores psicológicos relacionados a la muerte y sufrimiento de un paciente, finalmente el 58% de enfermeras alguna vez presentaron estresores sociales referentes a criticas de un médico. Conclusión: Considerando los estresores mencionados se identificó que las principales fuentes de ausentismo del personal de salud están estrechamente ligadas a estresores psicológicos vinculados a la muerte de un paciente, miedo a cometer errores en sus cuidados y por la controversia de falta de personal o ayuda a otros servicios, dificultando el normal desarrollo de la función en la atención de salud.
Optimización del uso del espectro radioeléctrico en Ecuador
Authors: Chere-Quiñónez Byron Fernando , Ulloa-de Souza Raúl Clemente , Reyna-Tenorio Luis Jheovanny
Published: December 2022

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito analizar la optimización del uso del espectro radioeléctrico en Ecuador. La metodología aplicada se enmarcó en el paradigma cuantitativo, bajo una investigación de tipo descriptiva con un diseño de campo y con elementos de un estudio documental bibliográfico. La muestra de estudio quedó conformada por 12 elementos. Para la recolección de la información se aplicó una encuesta mediante un cuestionario especialmente elaborado para tal fin a un grupo de profesionales en la Agencia de Regulación y Control de Electricidad (ARCONEL) de Guayaquil, quienes dieron su consentimiento informado para participar del estudio. Los resultados dan cuenta de que el 67% considera que la cantidad actual del espectro radioeléctrico disponible en el Ecuador es posible brindar la variedad de servicios de telecomunicaciones que requiere la población; el 74% señalan que es necesaria la optimización del modelo actual de asignación y uso del espectro radioeléctrico del país; el 84% están de acuerdo que se asigne más espectro radioeléctrico para la implementación de 5G en el país; el 50% considera que las mayores ventajas de la tecnología 5G son los servicios en la salud y 34% los servicios educativos. Se concluyó que; el modelo actual de asignación y uso del espectro radioeléctrico en Ecuador, aunque cubre las necesidades de comunicación y conectividad para el grueso de la población, debe adecuarse para cubrir la brecha digital que existe en el país, aunado al hecho de permitir la implementación de la tecnología 5G como un valor añadido para elevar la calidad de todos los habitantes del país en consonancia con los principios del Buen Vivir.
Desarrollo sustentable e ideologías ambientales locales en la legislación sobre recursos naturales en México
Authors: Castro Salazar Jesús Ignacio , Carpio Domínguez José Luis , Hernández Rodríguez Ignacio
Published: December 2022

El concepto desarrollo sustentable trajo una ideología ambiental global que llevó a crear, reformar e implementar leyes ambientales. En México, la ideología internacional de desarrollo sustentable fue tomada por gobiernos como base para crear y reformar sus leyes. Las ideologías ambientales son sistemas de creencias que regulan la actitud y el comportamiento de las relaciones humanas con la naturaleza. Existen ideologías en el derecho ambiental internacional y nacional, así como en los actores involucrados. Al aplicar la legislación, la ideología ambiental “oficial” puede ser ajena, sobre todo a actores locales. Locatarios con ideología propia, e incluso generacional, sobre la conservación y aprovechado de la naturaleza. La diferencia ideológica dificulta la aplicación de la legislación, sanciona acciones locales que van contra la ideología “oficial” y pretende moldear conductas. Al analizar documentos oficiales y revisar bases de datos, el estudio reflexiona y analiza las ideologías ambientales concurrentes en la legislación ambiental mexicana, con énfasis en la inclusión de ideologías locales. Se apreció una ideología ambiental “oficial” dominante, antropocéntrica/occidentalizada, principalmente proveniente de grupos de poder, que busca imponerse a ideologías locales.
Avance de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) en Costa Rica
Authors: González M María Luisa
Published: December 2022

La Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible, aprobada en septiembre de 2015 por la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas, establece una visión transformadora hacia la sostenibilidad económica, social y ambiental de los 193 Estados miembros que la suscribieron y es la guía de referencia para el trabajo de la comunidad internacional hasta el año 2030. Esta agenda presenta una oportunidad histórica para América Latina y el Caribe, ya que incluye temas altamente prioritarios para la región, como la erradicación de la pobreza extrema, la reducción de la desigualdad en todas sus dimensiones, un crecimiento económico inclusivo con trabajo decente para todos, ciudades sostenibles y cambio climático, entre otros. El presente artículo hace una reflexión sobre el avance de esta iniciativa en Costa Rica, ponderando los principales resultados alcanzados hasta el momento y delineando los principales desafíos que el país enfrenta.
Afrontamiento del covid-19 y sus efectos en el desempeño de las funciones del personal de seguridad
Authors: López Barona Lizeth Mishell , Benavides Rovalino Esther del Rocío
Published: December 2022

Introducción: La COVID 19 ha generado enfermedades que han afectado especialmente al sistema respiratorio de la humanidad e incluso ha llevado a la muerte, además ha generado desequilibrios mentales, trastornos psicológicos en el personal de seguridad, creando confusión, temores, debido a los cambios en las rutinas. Objetivo: Analizar el afrontamiento de la COVID-19 y sus efectos en el desempeño de las funciones del personal de seguridad. Metodología: Esta investigación es de tipo cuantitativa, de campo, descriptiva y transversal. Se realizó mediante una muestra censal en donde la población estuvo conformada por el personal que labora en la Subzona de Policía de Tungurahua N° 18, siendo designado para el estudio una Unidad de Policía Comunitaria (UPC) con 50 personas en servicio activo. La recolección de información se realizó mediante un cuestionario, el cual contiene 9 escalas que han sido validadas con el Alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: Se muestra el cumplimiento de las medidas preventivas, para evitar el contagio del coronavirus. El 92% utiliza la mascarilla cuando sale de casa y un 64% mantiene el distanciamiento con otras personas, además de que el 44% ha sentido mucha ansiedad o miedo, muy tristes o deprimidos durante la pandemia. Conclusiones: El afrontamiento del COVID-19 en el personal de seguridad ha mejorado de manera significativa, permitiendo que puedan desarrollar sus funciones laborales de manera normal, por ello es indispensable seguir fomentando estrategias en los servidores para mantener un estado de salud físico y mental en buenas condiciones.
Estrés laboral a consecuencia de factores de riesgos psicosociales, extralaborales en el personal de salud del Centro Salud Tipo C San Rafael, Ciudad de Esmeraldas
Authors: Gómez Mendoza María José , Macas Mendoza David Ricardo , Cabezas Gámez Karla Andreina , Meza Guagua Yara Valeria , Becerra Nazareno Sabrina Mercedes
Published: December 2022

Los factores no relacionados con la actividad laboral de los trabajadores como por ejemplo, el entorno de la vivienda, los ingresos económicos familiares, acceso a medios de transporte para movilizarse hacia su lugar de trabajo, la comunicación familiar y los servicios básicos se denominan condiciones extralaborales, y desde el enfoque de la prevención de los riesgos laborales se los clasifica como factores psicosociales extralaborales; estos factores dependiendo de sus características pueden ser percibidos por los trabajadores como un riesgo, experimentando niveles de estrés que repercuten en el desarrollo de sus actividades laborales. El principal objetivo de la investigación fue identificar los factores de riesgos psicosociales extralaborales a los que se encuentran expuestos el personal de consulta externa del Subcentro San Rafael y determinar el nivel de estrés. La metodología empleada fue de tipo descriptiva-transversal con un enfoque cuantitativo de alcance descriptivo. Se determinó como resultados finales que el factor psicosocial extralaboral en nivel de riesgo que prevalece en todos los grupos evaluados corresponde a comunicación y relaciones interpersonales. Finalmente, se estableció recomendaciones para los niveles de estrés muy bajo- bajo y acciones para el estrés medio a consecuencia de las condiciones psicosociales extralaborales identificadas en los grupos evaluados.