bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF MARKETING TOOLS IN TRENDS OF DIGITALIZATION OF SPORTS AND FITNESS INDUSTRY
Authors:   Rivne State University of the Humanities, Yakubovska Nataliia , Strilchuk Ruslan ,   Rivne State University of the Humanities, Khomych Serhii ,   Rivne State University of the Humanities
Published: March 2023

The article stipulates that for the physical education, fitness and sports industry, the use of marketing is quite acceptable, but requires verification, synthesis and adaptation of tools to the specifics of the industry. The development of sports marketing in some literary sources is studied through the selection of sports phenomena: social, economic and political, and a vivid example of market synthesis of the aspects outlined above is the fitness market, which began to grow actively in Ukraine, starting in 2005. It is also determined that for this industry the trainer is a system-forming element, since it is the trainers who are in the plane of permanent interaction with the client, and the "trainer-client" tandem, which is crucial for the successful operation of institutions in this industry. It is substantiated that the use of marketing methods in the form of self-marketing is extremely effective and relevant for a coach, while coaching activity requires possession of a set of diverse knowledge and skills, including: marketing and SMM-management, administration, financial service, pricing, economic analysis (at least - determination of the break-even point), at least minimal knowledge of anatomy, physiology, elements of rehabilitation, psychology, quality time management skills. It is determined that the actual phenomenon of today is the digital component, which is effectively implemented in the sports industry with the help of marketing tools and is developing extremely rapidly. An overview of the most relevant trends in the combination of marketing and digitalization of the sports and fitness industry was carried out: OTT (Over the Top) Content; AI (artificial intelligence), VR (Virtual reality), AR (augmented reality) and MR (mixed reality, Wearables, eSports, Dark Social, Sustainability, Women in sports, Children in sports, Seniors in Sport in combination with the Internet, social networks, databases + "fast" Internet, Sales (Place), Product, Product life cycle, Trend=Target audience, Marketing analysis, Socio-ethical marketing, Market segmentation, Target marketing, Maslow's needs. It was determined that the considered digital products and technologies and marketing tools organically combine and effectively strengthen the development of the industry, while the trend towards individualization actualizes the need for indepth research of the marketing object – an individual or a certain group of people.
DIRECTIONS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE TOURIST ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Odessa State Environmental University, Bunyakova Yulia , Arestov Serhii ,   Odessa State Environmental University
Published: March 2023

The article examines the main principles and directions for achieving sustainable tourism. The principles and main mechanisms of tourism policy implementation using world experience, regulatory, economic and social levers of state and international management are indicated. It is noted that the development of sustainable tourism is closely related to the quality of tourist services. In many ways, the quality of services is more important than their quantity, because too large volumes of tourism can easily exceed the limits of the load that a given region can carry, thereby jeopardizing tourism as a whole. The global tourism industry faces an increasing level of competition both between regions of the world and between countries within their regions. A characteristic problem is the disproportion of regional development, both from the point of view of sustainable development of recreation and tourism, and from the point of view of the general level of socio-economic development. Sustainability challenges can be met through the quality that the area can offer tourists and local residents. It is shown that achieving an optimal combination of economic and social interests in tourism is not possible without taking into account the impact on the environment, natural resources and environmental safety. Since the very concept of sustainable development is still in the development stage, and there are still many unsolved problems in the tourism economy, the mechanisms of sustainable development of the tourism sector have also not been fully studied. However, in recent years, some ideas have been proposed, which can mainly be considered as prerequisites for sustainable tourism or as tools to help achieve sustainability in tourism activities. It is shown that currently the main problem in the concept of sustainable development of tourism is the lack of tools for implementing the principles of sustainable development in practice. The existing tools do not yet allow the development of sustainable tourism everywhere and require further scientific research and development. Also important is the difficulty of determining the actual results and activities carried out in the field of sustainable tourism. There are no effective, generally accepted indicators of the sustainable development of tourism, there is no clear system of indicators of sustainable development. Further development of scientific research on this issue is proposed.
STATE SOCIAL POLICY
Authors:   State University of Trade and Economics, Pashkuda Tetiana , Tsybanyuk Iryna ,   State University of Trade and Economics
Published: March 2023

In modern conditions of globalization, the priorities of human development and ensuring a high standard of living of the population are the main factors of human progress. Not a single state in the world has yet managed to achieve high indicators of the level and quality of life without a drastic increase in living standards and effective investments in human and social capital. The implementation of the state's social policy is based on meeting the material, cultural and spiritual needs of citizens. The goal of the social policy of the state in Ukraine in modern conditions is to ensure the standard of living of the population in accordance with the standards of the European Union. Social policy is a socio-historical phenomenon: it appeared together with the emergence of the state, is aimed at coordinating the joint activities of people and is a regulator of relations between social structures and social institutions, as well as between public and individual human life. In the work, the social policy of the state was investigated, in particular, the social policy of the EU countries and Ukraine was taken as an example. From the conducted research, it can be concluded that the main goal of the social policy of the EU today is to improve the acceptability of the EU in the eyes of the population through the strengthening of the social sector. Today, the existence of the principle of subsidiarity is the main problem for strengthening the social policy of the EU. limiting the competence of the EU in the field of social policy, primarily, stimulating the movement of the workforce. Also, the main problem in strengthening the social policy of the EU can be called the lack of interaction between its member countries on social issues. As for Ukraine, the social direction of cooperation between Ukraine and the EU consists in the adaptation of the national social policy. This refers to the implementation of reforms in the system of insurance, labor protection, health, pension provision, employment policy and other areas of social policy, in accordance with EU standards and the gradual achievement of the pan-European level of social security and protection of the population. The implementation of reforms in this direction must be implemented based on EU programs by involving EU institutions in this matter.
ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF DOMESTIC INSURANCE COMPANIES UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARITAL STATE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Viblyi Petro , Stets Nataliia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the activities of domestic insurance companies under martial law. The general trend of the indicators has a dynamic and at the same time a downward trend, incomes for almost all types of insurance are gradually decreasing in USD equivalent, which is predicted for a country in which a war is being waged. Inflation in Ukraine as of October 31 reached more than 26% compared to October 2021. Ukraine is forcing problem of decreasing the number of insurance companies, anyway there are a lot of insurers who have managed to adapt to modern business conditions. The largest market participants and changes in the rating in comparison to the first half of 2021 were considered. As well as the types of insurance for which insurers receive the most income. The trend of the general indicators of the activity of domestic insurance companies on the market of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law, are highlighted. The dynamics of all types of car insurance and the share of each type of insurance, as well as the reasons for fluctuations in the total premiums received and the transition of customers from OSCPV to international car insurance are considered in details. Changes in the amounts of payments in the event of an insurance event were analysed. There is a huge profit for the first half of 2022 for the risk insurers, which are explained participially by a significant reduction in costs (not including operating costs). As for liquidity, it increased by almost 50% over the analysed period and there is no critical cash outflow in this area. Life insurance companies invest a large part of their money in military bonds while accumulating liquidity. This extremely difficult conditions currently providing an understanding of which companies are financially stable, gathered, did not stop their activities, fulfilling their obligations to customers, despite all the complications along the way. As of September 2022, supervisory actions are being taken against 7 insurers that have problems with compliance with financial regulations. Other insurers ensure continuous operations, trying to adjust as much as possible to conduct affairs in the conditions of martial law.
THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT OF THE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Sumy State University, Pihul Nataliya , Dekhtyar Nadiya ,   Sumy State University, Popovchenko Andrij ,   Sumy State University
Published: March 2023

The article defines the essence, role, and significance of the financial stability of the enterprise and states that it is one of the critical foundations of stable financing of the business entity. The article provides the main factors that affect the financial stability of enterprises, as well as the basic principles of their maintenance. The authors investigated the economic essence of the concept of managing the financial stability of the enterprise. The authors provided their own actual interpretation of the concept of capital, based on the analysis of the essence of this category by various scientists. The authors indicated capital as a set of strategic and operational management decisions regarding the formation and distribution of financial resources in order for the enterprise to achieve the necessary level of financial stability, autonomy, and independence. The article defines the purpose, tasks, and principles of managing the enterprise’s financial stability, as well as provides the main stages of managing it. Such an algorithm of actions allows the timely identification of problematic financial aspects and the development of ways to eliminate them and increase the level of financial stability of the enterprise. The authors noted that an important component in the process of managing the financial stability of the enterprise is the analysis of financial stability itself, which makes it possible to evaluate the ability of the enterprise to adapt to external conditions and determine the degree of its independence from external financial support. The article defines both absolute and relative indicators, which make it possible to assess the financial stability of the enterprise. The system of relative indicators that determine the level of financial stability of the enterprise is divided into groups: capitalization ratios and coverage ratios. The set of indicators of financial stability makes it possible to determine the availability, allocation, and use of the available resources of the business entity as well as its real and potential financial capabilities. The authors carried out an analysis of the relative indicators of the financial stability of domestic enterprises based on statistical information. This, in turn, made it possible to make a conclusion about the insufficiency of their owned capital and a significant amount of loan capital, which negatively affects their financial autonomy, independence, and stability.
DEVELOPMENT OF MANAGEMENT CONSULTING SYSTEM FOR ENTERPRISES IN A DYNAMIC BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Poltava State Agrarian University, Diachkov Dmytro , Bilotserkivets Yaroslav ,   Poltava State Agrarian University, Korduban Roman ,   Poltava State Agrarian University
Published: March 2023

The article outlines the urgency of forming a new system of management consulting, more appropriate to the business environment’s dynamic conditions. The article considers new paradigms of management consulting development in Ukraine, which allowed defining it as: a combination mechanism of theoretical knowledge and practice, an institute of market economy, an element of network businessorganization, an instrument of intercompany interactions and development and intercompany partnerships, an instrument of formation enterprise’s unique intellectual capital. It was generalized that management consulting is a set of services provided by specially trained and qualified persons who, in an objective and independent manner, help the client to identify and analyze the problems of the organization and recommend solutions to these problems, as well as, if necessary, assist in the implementation of the proposed solutions. The model of modern management consulting of the enterprise was built from the position of symbiosis in system and process approach. The elements of the model include the subject, the object of management consulting, the purpose and key types of management consulting tasks, basic and additional functions of the consulting process, methodological tools and groups of methods for implementing management consulting, types of consulting services, developed recommendations and alternatives, and as a result – the social and economic effect of the consulting service. The process component involves the phased passage of five main stages of management consulting (preliminary, pre-project, project, post-project), which were provided by models, methods, tools, forms and results of management consulting. New characteristics of consulting were defined, taking into account the changes that are taking place in the modern economy, significantly changing its content and role in modern society, which forms the basis of its features: knowledge intensity, interdisciplinary nature, innovation, entrepreneurial character.
FORMATION OF THE MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING SYSTEM IN THE INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Butenko Tetiana
Published: March 2023

The article highlights the fundamental reasons for the formation of the management accounting system in the investment activity of the enterprise, which are the uncertainty of the external organizational environment, the emergence of communication barriers between the participants of the investment process, resource limitations in the provision of investment activities and the terms of the life cycle of the investment project. The features of the information provided to support the management accounting system have been clarified and supplemented. The content of the system of management accounting of investment activity is substantiated and supplemented in view of the interaction and interrelationship of the elements of this system, which occurs through the process of collection and transformation of accounting and analytical information in order to perform the functions of enterprise management. The peculiarities of the formation of the system of management accounting of investment activities are determined in view of the objects of investment, which are real and financial investments. It was determined that for the accounting and control of real investment objects, an investment center is created as a separate unit, which ensures the efficiency of the use of capital investments, the normative indicator of which is their estimated cost. It was found that the resource provision of real investment objects is carried out within the framework of a project or a portfolio of projects. It is proposed to single out the investment project as an independent center of responsibility, which is related to its specific features: uniqueness, temporality, one-time use, limited time and resources. The peculiarities of the formation of the management accounting system of investment projects through the implementation of the following stages are determined: 1) construction of the center of responsibility for the investment project; 2) development of the content of management reporting; 3) development of management accounting classifiers; 4) selection of methods of management accounting of investment costs in accordance with the project budget; 5) development of regulations for management accounting of investments aimed at project implementation.
THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Makedon Vyacheslav , Voloshko Nataliia ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: March 2023

The role of public authorities in the process of implementing the SDGs is determined on the example of the analyzed group of foreign countries (USA, UK, Germany, France and Japan): an important function of state regulation is noted in terms of overcoming “market failures” and internalizing social and environmental costs. It has been established that the process of adapting state policies to the 2030 Agenda is currently underway; the political leadership of the countries under consideration initiates the formation of mechanisms for the interaction of various stakeholders in the interests of the implementation of the SDGs at the national and global levels. The factors that encourage transnational businesses to participate in the implementation of the SDGs are analyzed: the possible benefits acquired by the private sector as a result of this activity (creation of long-term qualitative "value" and short-term quantitative "value" are investigated and evaluated); specific business cases are described that prove in practice the commercial feasibility of companies' activities in the interests of the SDGs; shows the relationship between financial and non-financial indicators of the business. The main ways of participation of transnational business in the implementation of the SDGs at the present stage (FDI, the implementation of the SDGs through key business operations, social and green investments, the promotion of individual SDGs within corporate strategies, "mixed" financing) are identified and described. models of such participation (philanthropic, commercial, hybrid). Based on the author's analysis of the key areas of participation of transnational businesses in the implementation of the SDGs, content analysis of non-financial reporting and financial performance of the largest and most socially responsible TNCs in the world, as well as an analysis of the activity of the private sector in transactions of "mixed" financing, an assessment was made of the involvement of transnational businesses in the implementation of the SDGs at the present stage.
PECULIARITIES OF MODERN BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONS AND INTERNATIONAL ETIQUETTE IN A SERVICE SECTOR
Authors:   National Technical University «Dnipro Polytechnic», Bieloborodova Mariia , Yurchyshyna Lyudmyla ,   National Technical University «Dnipro Polytechnic»
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the exploration of theoretical and methodological aspects of the communication culture as an important factor in building interpersonal relationships, particularly in the professional service sphere. Modern trends and features of business communications in connection with crisis phenomena affecting the field of tourism and hospitality are summarized. The authors substantiated the relevance of international etiquette and features of the modern system of business communications in the service sector. Prospective directions are highlighted, the implementation of which would ensure the development of international etiquette as a regulator of international relations in the system of business communications. It is underlined, that tourism and the hospitality industry are currently going through a series of turbulent tests, which cannot but cause the transformation of business communications, the termination or optimization of existing business contacts, the creation of new ones, corresponding to new rules and requirements of an unstable external environment. All this is reflected in the peculiarities of international etiquette in the field of service. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the specificity of international etiquette in the system of modern business communications, its relationship with legal and other social and regulatory norms. Modern crisis processes, and especially the pandemic and the full-scale military invasion of the Russian Federation in Ukraine, are putting significant pressure on tourism and hospitality. Among the new challenges faced by the representatives of the organizations in this field, it is worth emphasizing the change in consumer preferences towards digitalization modern consumers demand an almost instant response to their requests. It is quite natural that these changes entail the transformation of business communications, which are also moving into the digital environment. This, in turn, causes the need to observe new norms of international network etiquette – now online. In the realities of Ukraine, when more than 95% of the inbound tourist flow is represented by tourists from Europe, the study of the specifics of European norms and principles of business communication and etiquette becomes especially relevant.
ADAPTIVE MODEL OF CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT IN RELATION TO THE PRICE OF CREDIT RESOURCES
Authors:   University of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Kataieva Svitlana , Lizhanska Halyna ,   University of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Melnychuk Roksolana ,   University of Economics and Entrepreneurship
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the need to use the adaptation function of the relationship between the volume and interest on loans as the basis for credit risk management and building an appropriate model for assessing these processes. The theoretical basis of the study is the scientific works of domestic scientists on the problem under study, the method of analysis and synthesis in the study and generalization of domestic experience in generalizing the price of credit resources as the basis of credit risk management; parametric measurement methods, abstract – logical – in substantiating theoretical generalizations and conclusions. The article conducts studies of credit risk management in relation to the price of credit resources, namely, the application of the function of the relationship between the volume and interest on loans granted, which determines the functional relationship between the analyzed values, which may look different for a certain type of loan granted, may reflect the variation of the share of problem loans weighted by the volume of loans granted, or the rate of their growth during the study period, etc. Such credit risk management in relation to the price of credit resources can be considered as adaptive. The generalization of the price of credit resources as the basis for credit risk management and the construction of an appropriate model for assessing these processes is substantiated, which will allow to objectively analyze different situations in terms of the relationship between the analyzed parameters: the volume of loans granted, the loan rate and the value of credit risk, as well as the absolute volume of problem loans. The adequacy of the built model is possible when using and analyzing the necessary statistical data and the ability to objectively analyze different situations in terms of the relationship of the analyzed parameters. General proposals for credit risk management are considered, the essence of which is to disclose the principles of generalization of the price of credit resources as the basis for credit risk management and the construction of an appropriate model for assessing these processes to improve the efficiency of the bank's credit activities.
Branchiosyllis salazari sp. n. (Polychaeta, Syllidae) del Caribe noroccidental y comentarios sobre el material tipo de B. exilis (Gravier, 1900)
Authors:   Univ. de Quintana Roo, Mexico, Ruiz-Ramírez Jenifer D. , Harris Leslie H. ,   National History Museum of Los Angeles County, USA
Published: March 2023

On the basis of 195 specimens from the Northwestern Caribbean Sea, a new species of Branchiosyllis Ehlers, 1887 is described. Branchiosyllis salazari n. sp. has three pairs of eyes (two small pairs above the anterior margin of the prostomium, the third pair in a transverse line), without br1anchia, setae with large hooked blades in median setigers, and proventricle without middorsal line. The type material of B. exilis (Gravier, 1900), an apparently circumtropical species, was revised to clarify its presence in the Caribbean Sea. Its diagnostic features are: two pairs of eyes in a transverse line, no branchia, setae with large hooked blades in posterior setigers only, and proventricle with a middorsal line of diamond–shaped cells. A key for the seven species of Branchiosyllis in the Grand Caribbean is included.
Perspectivas da fila de espera por um transplante hepático no Paraná: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Roos Diego , Schultz Joice
Published: March 2023

O aumento exponencial da fila de espera por um fígado é um dos maiores desafios dos serviços de transplante hepático mundiais. O estado do Paraná enfrenta outro agravante, a diminuição dos transplantes hepáticos realizados, sendo que o presente estudo, por meio de revisão narrativa, tem como objetivo identificar os desafios e elencar medidas para diminuir a espera por um fígado. Após a seleção dos artigos, no período de 2015 a dezembro de 2021, utilizamos 28 artigos e 3 documentos oficiais para análise da literatura. Evidenciamos a necessidade de identificar os fatores causadores do aumento da fila do transplante hepático e as possíveis soluções a serem aplicadas. Verificamos indícios consistentes de que aumentar o número de doadores de órgãos, expandir o modelo de captação de doador vivo e aperfeiçoar a política de gerenciamento de recursos são medidas necessárias para melhorar as perspectivas das pessoas que aguardam por um fígado no Paraná.
Histamina e seus recetores: Da fisiologia à patologia
Authors:   Centro de Alergia, Hospital Cuf Descobertas, Lisboa, Portugal, Couto Sofia , Martins Catarina ,   Chronic Diseases Research Centre (CEDOC), Imunologia, NOVA Medical Schooll, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal,   Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), NOVA Medical Schooll, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal, Borrego Luís ,   Chronic Diseases Research Centre (CEDOC), Imunologia, NOVA Medical Schooll, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal,   Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), NOVA Medical Schooll, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal,   Serviço de lmunoalergologia, Hospital da Luz Lisboa, Portugal
Published: March 2023

A histamina é um dos principais mediadores envolvidos na homeostasia imune, apresentando uma miríade de funções. Conhecem-se hoje quatro recetores da histamina (HR), sendo o HR1 o mais bem caracterizado e reconhecido pela sua associação à fisiopatologia das doenças alérgicas. O HR2, por seu lado, está mais envolvido na patologia gástrica, o HR3 evidencia funções neuromoduladoras e, mais recentemente, o HR4 foi envolvido igualmente na patologia alérgica, bem como na autoimunidade e no cancro. Existem diversos fármacos disponíveis no mercado que bloqueiam os recetores H1, assim como fármacos que bloqueiam os recetores H2. Recentemente foram descritos também fármacos anti-H3, com potencial terapêutico na doença neurológica. Existem diversas moléculas em estudo capazes de bloquear os HR4, em monoterapia ou em combinação com o bloqueio dos HR1, com potencial terapêutico na doença alérgica, em algumas neoplasias e em algumas patologias autoimunes.
Sepsis and Septic shock: A Global Challenge for the Physicians
Authors: Miah Md Titu
Published: March 2023

Abstract not available
J MEDICINE 2023; 24: 1-2
Clinical Characteristics of Deceased with COVID-19 Infection: Data from the Largest COVID-19 Dedicated Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Hoque Mohammad Mahfuzul , Mahmud Reaz , Datta Ponkaj Kanti , Khan Ejrarul Alam , Biswas Sarmistha , Basu Kamolesh Chandra , Khan Mohammed Masudul Hassan , Rahman Muhammad Faizur , Mallik Md Uzzwal , Adnan Mirza Mohammad Asif , Mahmud Imran , Hossain Md Arman , Ali Nazia Binte , Islam Md Khairul , Miah Md Titu , Rahman Md Mujibur
Published: March 2023

The death toll of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been considerable. Several risk factors have been linked to mortality due to COVID-19 in hospitals. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of patients who either died from COVID-19 at Dhaka Medical College Hospital in Bangladesh. In this retrospective study, we reviewed the hospital records of patients who died or recovered and tested positive for COVID-19 from May 3 to August 31, 2020. All patients who died during the study period were included in the analysis. A comparison group of patients who survived COVID-19 at the same hospital during the same period was systematically sampled. All available information was retrieved from the records, including demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables. Of the 3115 patients with confirmed COVID-19 during the study period, 282 died. The mean age of patients who died was higher than that of those who survived (56.7 vs 52.6 years). Approximately three-fourths of deceased patients were male. History of smoking (risk ratio 2.3; 95% confidence interval: 1.6–3.4), comorbidities (risk ratio: 1.5; 95% confidence interal:1.1–2.1), chronic kidney disease (risk ratio: 3.2; 95% confidence interval: 1.7–6.25), and ischemic heart disease (risk ratio:1.8; 95% confidence interval: 1.1–2.9) were higher among the deceased than among those who survived. Mean C-reactive protein and D-dimer levels [mean (interquartile range), 34 (21–56) vs. 24 (12–48); and D-dimer [1.43 (1–2.4) vs. 0.8 (0.44–1.55)] were higher among those who died than among those who recovered. Older age, male sex, rural residence, history of smoking, and chronic kidney disease were found to be important predictors of mortality. Early hospitalization should be considered for patients with COVID-19 who are older, male, and have chronic kidney disease. Rapid referral to tertiary care facilities is necessary for high-risk patients in rural settings
J MEDICINE 2023; 24: 28-36
Can DPP-4 Enhibitors and SGLT-2 Inhibitors Pleotropic Effects be Extended to Treat Diabetic Nephropathy?
Authors: Faruqui Arif A
Published: March 2023

Impaired insulin secretion and resistance remain the core defects in T2DM, but at least six other pathophysiological abnormalities contribute to the dysregulation of glucose metabolism. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common microvascular complications and a major cause of end-stage renal disease. Despite many treatment options available, diabetic kidney disease continues to affect a large population with diabetes. The kidneys have the highest DPP-4 expression level in mammalians. DPP- 4 is expressed in several segments of the nephron and the tubule interstitium, placing it at the nexus of inflammation, immune system activation, glomerular and proximal tubular function, salt regulation, and kidney fibrosis. Moreover, DPP-4 expression and urinary activity are up-regulated in diabetic nephropathy, highlighting its role as a potential target to manage diabetic nephropathy. DPP-4 inhibition is associated with mitigation of diabetic and hypertensive renal injury and protection of renal function. Renal glucose reabsorption by SGLT proteins is a critical component of glycemic regulation. SGLT2 protein expression is increased in human diabetic nephropathy even with advanced kidney disease indicating that SGLT2 can be an effective target in treatment of diabetic nephropathy. This review article discusses roles played by DPP-4 inhibitors and SGLT-2 inhibitors alone and in combination in diabetic nephropathy supported by clinical evidences. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched through September 2022. Randomized controlled trials published in English that evaluated SGLT2 inhibitors and/or DPP4 inhibitors in patients with T2DM were selected.
J MEDICINE 2023; 24: 43-49
Leukaemia Cutis in a Patient with Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia with Blast Crisis
Authors: Naher Shamsun , Hoque Mohammad Mahfuzul
Published: March 2023

Leukaemia cutis is a rare but important extra-medullary manifestation of Leukaemia. It develops due to the infiltration of neoplastic leukocytes or their precursors into the epidermis, dermis or subcutaneous tissue. Cutaneous presentation of Leukaemia cutis can precede, follow, present simultaneously with or may present in the absence of systemic Leukaemia. Here we present a pictorial of a 30-year-old male patient known to have Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia with blastic transformation to Acute myeloid Leukaemia with multiple cutaneous lesions, diagnosed as Leukaemia cutis.
J MEDICINE 2023; 24: 65-66
Wave of COVID-19 outbreaks in Gold Coast residential aged care facilities after easing travel restrictions into Queensland
Authors: Colbran Candice , May Fiona , Vosti Fiona , Bladen Tracy , Wattiaux Andre , Slinko Vicki
Published: March 2023

Objective This paper describes outbreaks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Gold Coast residential aged care facilities (RACFs), in the two months following the easing of travel restrictions at Queensland’s domestic border on 13 December 2021. Methods This audit reviewed all RACF COVID-19 outbreaks notified to the Gold Coast Public Health Unit between 13 December 2021 and 12 February 2022. An outbreak was defined by the Communicable Diseases Network Australia guidelines current at the time. Results There were 60 COVID-19 outbreaks across 57 RACFs during this period. In 44 outbreaks (73.3%), a staff member was identified as the primary or co-primary case. Transmission amongst residents occurred in 48 outbreaks (80.0%). The attack rates in staff and residents were 17.0% (n = 1,060) and 11.7% (n = 645) respectively. A higher number of males were hospitalised (n = 39: 57.4%) or died (n = 28: 66.7%) than were females (n = 29: 42.6%; n = 14: 33.3% respectively). Most resident cases (n = 565: 87.6%) had received two or more doses of a COVID-19 vaccine. In resident cases who were under-vaccinated (n = 76), twenty (26.3%) required hospitalisation and nine (11.8%) died. In resident cases who received two doses of vaccine (n = 484), forty-three (8.9%) were hospitalised and 27 (5.8%) died. In resident cases who had received three doses (n = 80), four (5.0%) were hospitalised and five (6.3%) died. Conclusions COVID-19 caused significant morbidity and mortality in Gold Coast RACFs following the easing of border restrictions. Higher rates of hospitalisation and death occurred in males than in females, and in under-vaccinated resident cases than in those vaccinated with at least two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine. Implications for public health These data support the need for up-to-date COVID-19 vaccination of residents in RACFs, continued surveillance and timely and appropriate implementation of public health guidelines to manage COVID-19 outbreaks in RACFs.
DETERMINATION OF POTENTIAL DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS IN GENERAL PEDIATRIC WARD PATIENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: MEMİŞ Hasan , ÇAKIR Ahmet , ÖZDEMİR Nesligül , GÜN Zeynep Ülkü
Published: March 2023

Objective: This study seeks to identify potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) in hospitalized patients and compare two commercial drug interaction databases.

Material and Method: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between February and May 2022 in a tertiary care hospital's general pediatric ward. UpToDate® and Micromedex® Drug Interaction databases were used to determine pDDIs.

Result and Discussion: In total, 267 pDDIs were found in 51 pediatric patients' medication lists (181 via UpToDate® and 86 via Micromedex®). The use of at least five different systemic drugs concurrently was statistically significant between groups of patients who experienced at least one pDDI and those who did not. The binary logistic regression analysis showed that a one-drug increase in the total number of drugs a patient received during hospitalization increased the probability of pDDIs by 2.12-fold (CI: 1.321-3.417, p=0.002). The concordance rate between UpToDate® and Micromedex® databases for pDDI determination was 84.31% (kappa coefficient=0.676, standard error=0.102, (p ≤ 0.001)). When the UpToDate® database was assumed as a reference database, the Micromedex® database's sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy in determining pDDIs were 79.41%, 94.12%, 96.43%, 69.56%, and 84.5%. To avoid missing pDDIs, utilizing multiple drug interaction databases may be of benefit.
Thoracic Surgery and Transplantation
Authors: Migliore Marcello
Published: March 2023

Major changes are bringing a new dimension to thoracic surgery and lung transplantation. This article reports the foremost recent advancements within the field. The most important advancement in thoracic surgery is certainly the widespread use of uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery in the common practice of most thoracic operations, including major resections for lung cancer. In oncological thoracic surgery, to avoid unnecessary operations in the future, prospective randomised trials are ongoing to demonstrate why some patients with a ‘resectable’ malignancy within the chest will not survive as long as expected. Lung transplantation has progressed on multiple fronts but a significant advancement is the possibility to perform minimally invasive techniques to insert the lung into the chest of the recipient.

In conclusion, the search for minimal invasiveness has a prominent role in thoracic surgery but further research is essential to demonstrate the real advantages of technological surgical innovations. Worldwide co-operation will permit the collection of data faster and allow the completion of randomised controlled studies to this end.
Immunomodulation for Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infections: New Insights and Perspectives
Authors: Legg Ewen
Published: March 2023

The 1st biennial WAidid Congress held in Milan, Italy, brought together academics and clinicians from the broad field of infectious diseases and immunology. The conference was founded in order to create a network connecting this diverse field and to allow the showcasing of data and therapeutic techniques amongst specialists concentrating on different age groups and organs. Prof Roth and Conference Chair Prof Esposito presented a symposium on the use of immunomodulation for prophylaxis against recurrent respiratory tract infections on Day 2 of the conference.

The symposium covered risk factors in the paediatric population and different treatment options for recurrent respiratory tract infections before focussing on the immunomodulatory prophylactic OM-85 (Broncho-Vaxom®, Broncho-Munal®, Ommunal®, Paxoral®, Vaxoral®). OM-85 is an orally administered immunomodulator, which has been shown to provide protection against respiratory infections of both viral and bacterial aetiologies in patients at high risk of recurrent infection. The symposium detailed the immunological mechanism of OM-85’s protective effects as well as safety and efficacy data in various patient populations.
IMPREGNATED FIBROUS CHEMISORBENTS FOR THE COLORIMETRIC DETECTION OF AMMONIA
Authors: Bienkovska Tetyana , Khoma Ruslan , Vatral Olena
Published: March 2023

The paper presents research results on the colorimetric behavior of impregnated fibrous chemisorbents (IFCS) of basic gases with visual identification of the dynamic absorption capacity “response” moment (IFCS-I) during the absorption of ammonia. Chemisorbents were obtained by impregnation of fibrous carriers with polybasic hydroxyl acid aqueous solutions with adding acid-base indicators (Ind). IFCS-I based on oxyethylenediphosphonic (IFCS-OEDPA-I), citric (IFCS-CA-I), and malic (IFCS-MA-I) acids were used. Azolithine (Az), lakmoid (LA), methyl orange (MO), methyl red (MR), Tropeolin OOO (TrOOO), Congo red (CoR), bromocresol green (BCG), broxylenol blue (BXB), bromophenol blue (BPB), bromophenol red (BPR), thymol blue (TB), xylenol orange (XO), and phenol red (PR) were used as acid-base indicators. The specificity of the changes in the colorimetric functions of IFCS-I during the absorption of NH3 by them was revealed. It was found that the color of the initial IFCS-I samples significantly depended not only on the structure of Ind, but also on the nature of the polybasic hydroxy acid being part of them. The colors of the samples based only on OEDPA (Ind = CoR, BCG, BPB), CA (Ind = CoR, TrOOO, BCG, BPB, BPR, XO) and some MA (TrOOO, BCG) are similar to the colors of aqueous solutions of Brönsted acids. The difference in the colors of the other samples from the colors of strong acid aqueous solutions with the same Ind is apparently due to  specific interactions between hydroxy acid anions and neutral dye forms. During “response” to NH3 only some IFCS-I samples based on OEDPA (Ind: MO, TrOOO, Az and BPR), CA (Ind: CoR, MR, MO, TrOOO, BXB, BPR, TB, PR) and MA (Ind: LA, MR, MO, Az, BXB, XO, TB, PR) are discolored in contrast to the behavior of SO2 indicator chemisorbents.
Identification of critical thinking skills in mathematics students of class VIII SMPN 61 West Jakarta
Authors: Pakpahan Gesti Marsaulina Br. , Aziz Tian Abdul , Ambarwati Lukita
Published: March 2023

Critical thinking skill is one of the highest levels of cognitive abilities. This competence is needed to support students in thinking and resolving problems in daily life. Initial identification requires students' critical thinking ability to be a guide in designing a model or strategy of learning. The purpose of this study is to know and describe students' critical thinking ability to solve mathematical problems in the circular matter, with a qualitative approach. The data-gathering technique uses a critical thinking skill test for as many as three problems with a circle matter. Further interviews are conducted to strengthen students' critical thinking abilities. Research instruments are praised on 34 students living in the viii class 61 Jakarta. The selection of the subject of research is based on the results of researchers' observations on the issues in the field that were discussed with the teacher of the subject. The results of the student's work are studied by pointing to critical thinking ability indicators that researchers have established - interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and inference. Research shows that students' critical mathematical thinking ability is at low criteria, where an interpretation attainment indicator is 38.24%; Analysis of 49.02%; evaluation of 47.3%; And inference at 26.47%.
Micro Gas Turbine Modelling and Adaptation for Condition Monitoring
Authors:   University of Stavanger, Banihabib Reyhaneh , Obrist Markus Josef ,   Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Assadi Mohsen ,   University of Stavanger, Jansohn Peter ,   Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI)
Published: March 2023

The future of decentralized power production with renewables as the main driver necessitates small-scale units such as micro gas turbines (MGTs) that are reliable and flexible in operation. Similar to large-scale gas turbines, MGTs operate based on the Brayton cycle, while providing added flexibility by variable rotational speed. To continuously monitor the condition of MGTs and maintain a reliable operation, an accurate model of the engine is required which predicts the expected operation of the engine in its healthy status. This work aims to develop a model for individual MGTs that is fast and accurate enough to be utilized for condition monitoring purposes. Due to the role of MGTs in the power generation system as backup for renewables, they operate frequently in part-load conditions to provide the remaining required power for the electric grid. Therefore, the model should provide accurate predictions for both design and off-design operations. In this paper, the development of an engine model and the extensive adaptation process are presented during which the characteristics of the gas turbine components are modified in order to meet the experimental data within a range of operational conditions. The adaptive approach is validated by the experimental results extracted from a test rig of a MGT unit such that the model can be subsequently used as a reliable tool for condition monitoring of that MGT.
Numerical simulation of the solidification of a single molten droplet impinging on flat plate using multi-resolution MPS method
Authors:   Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo University of Science, Kato Shuma , Fukudome Koji ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo University of Science, Yamamoto Makoto ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo University of Science
Published: March 2023

Particle deposition in a jet engine is a complex physical phenomenon that includes free-surface flow and phase changes. The moving particle simulation (MPS) method is extremely useful for numerical simulations, although it incurs high computational costs. In this study, we used the multiresolution MPS (MRMPS) method to simulate the deposition phenomenon of a liquid droplet to reduce the computational cost. When using the MRMPS method, we modified some conditions concerning the division of the computational particle. As a result, the spreading behavior and rim shape of a droplet impinging on a cold wall with solidification showed reasonable agreement with the experiment. In addition, this model has the advantage of reducing the computational time.
Implicit Largeeddy Simulation of a Rough Turbine Blade Using Highorder Curved Elements
Authors:   Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Turbomachinery and Fluid Dynamics, Cengiz Kenan , Kurth Sebastian ,   Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Turbomachinery and Fluid Dynamics, Wein Lars ,   Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Turbomachinery and Fluid Dynamics, Seume Joerg R. ,   Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Turbomachinery and Fluid Dynamics
Published: March 2023

In the present study, the curved element capabilities of a highorder solver are utilized for the scalere solving simulation of a rough T106 turbine blade. The devised approach hereby allows LES rather than DNS without underresolving the roughness. The method is first validated against the DNSIBM on a rough channel with a range of Reynolds numbers. Then, a highly loaded low pressure turbine cascade is simulated under LES resolution with and without the roughness patch. Although a rougher surface is needed for producing a more pronounced impact on the flow, the viability of this method is proven.