bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Abrasive Belt Topography Based on Generation of Random Rough Surface
Authors: Wang Wen Xi , Li Jian Yong , Liu Yue Ming , Wang Rong Quan , Sun Bo
Published: May 2016

In this paper, the real surface topography was measured at first to provide the theoretical bases for developing a novel quick numerical simulation method. The result showed that the protrude height of abrasive belt surface appeared to be non-Gaussian distributed. And its auto-correlation function was found to be in exponential form and anisotropic. By using given skewness, kurtosis and auto-correlation function, the novel simulation method is provided, which is based on Johnson translator system and 2D-linear filter technique. This method overcomes the shortcomings of the experimental method to achieve the required topography of abrasive belt with certain statistic characteristics by using given skewness and kurtosis and auto-correlation function. The comparison between simulated surface and measured topography revealed that they share the same probabilistic characteristics.
Dynamic Analysis and Simulation of 4R 3-DOF Wrists
Authors: Wang Xu Hao , Zhang Da Wei , Zhao Chen
Published: May 2016

In this paper, a systematic algorithm for the dynamic analysis of 4R 3-DOF wrists is presented. Based on the theory of graph, kinematics is completed. Links are divided into primary links and secondary links. The generalized inertia force of the system results from the motions of primary links and secondary links. The concept of virtual 3R 3-DOF open-loop chain and additional link are introduced to describe the primary links. The generalized inertia forces of 3R 3-DOF open-loop chain, additional link and secondary links are derived by Lagrangian formulation, respectively, based on their location in the wrist. Then the dynamic equation of 4R 3-DOF wrists is got by making a combining. A simulation is performed to illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm.
Ultrasonic Vibration Turning of Stainless Slender Shaft: Investigation on Run-Out of Two Clamping Methods
Authors: He Xu Dong , Guo Guo Qiang , Li Kang , Chen Ming
Published: May 2016

Slender shaft is of high slenderness ratio and bad rigidity. The factors, for example, cutting force, cutting heat, vibration and so on, which are produced in the processing, will affect directly the size precision of workpieces. In this research, slender shaft is 304 stainless steel bar, with length of 450mm and diameter of 10mm. In order to resolve the problem of slender shaft machining with CNC slant bed lathe not configured with the follow-rest, a self-made follow-rest was developed. With both ends clamped processing mode, it is possible to use the CNC lathe turning slender shaft. Moreover, better effect of turning of slender shaft can be attained if ultrasonic vibration cutting technology is involved. After turning process is completed, size accuracy is checked to evaluate the effect of self-made follow-rest and both ends clamped processing mode. In this study, the experimental results show that quality of the slender shaft processing has been significantly improved with the use of self-made follow-rest and both ends clamped processing mode, which has definite effects on solving the practical problems of processing.
Microwave Irradiation Assisted Synthesis of Silicon Carbide Nanotubes
Authors: Tony V.C.S. , Voon Chun Hong , Lee Chang Chuan , Lim Bee Ying , Rahman W. , Hashim Uda , Ruslinda A. Rahim , Md Arshad Mohd Khairuddin , Foo Kai Loong , Gopinath S.C.B. , Ayoib A. , Thivina V. , Hashwan Saeed S. Ba
Published: May 2016

Conventional methods for the synthesis of silicon carbide were well studied and these methods included carbothermal reduction, mechanical milling, sol-gel process and others. However, conventional methods have limitations such as high energy consumption, presence of impurities and long reaction times. In this paper, microwave heating was applied for the first time for the synthesis of silicon carbide nanotube owing to the advantages of microwave heating such as shorter reaction time, uniform heat distribution and low cost. Mixture of silicon dioxide and carbon nanotube in the ratio of 1:3 as suggested by previous study were mixed in ultrasonic bath using ethanol as liquid medium for 2 hours and then dried on hot plate to evaporate ethanol. The mixture was then cold pressed into 3mm pellet and placed into an alumina crucible filled with silica sand acts as sand insulator and SiC susceptor. The pellet was heated to 1400°C with heating rate of 30°C/min for 40 minute. X-ray diffraction pattern verified the presence of single β-SiC phase in silicon carbide nanotubes. Meanwhile, scanning electron microscopy revealed that tubular structure of carbon nanotube was retained after microwave irradiation and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy shown the silicon carbide nanotube consist of only elemental C and Si and thus indicated that silicon carbide nanotubes were successfully synthesized through microwave irradiation.
Properties of Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) as Nanocatalyst for Ammonia Formation Produced from Magnetic Induction Method (MIM)
Authors: Puspitasari Poppy , Yahya Noorhana , Andoko Andoko , Ekaputri Januarti Jaya , Risdanareni Puput
Published: May 2016

Production of ammonia required high capital energy intensive such as high temperatures (400 to 500 °C) and high pressure (15 to 30 MPa). We investigated a new way to produce green ammonia synthesis using new nanocatalyst and operate in room temperature and ambient pressure. The idea is to synthesize ammonia using Magnetic Induction Method (MIM) and Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) as magnetic nanocatalyst. YIG was prepared by sol gel method and sintered at various temperatures 950 °C, 1050 °C, and 1150 °C. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) result shows that the major peak at [420] plane. The balance composition of YIG resulted by Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) is in the form of Y3Fe5O12. Initial permeability results show, the highest value maximum permeability at 140 with the range of frequency 1Hz to100MHz obtained by 950 °C sample. The lowest value of relative loss factor obtained by 950 °C sample. YIG nanocatalyst and MIM method were successfully produce ammonia yield at 197 μmol, without MIM the yield was decreased by 14.28%.
The Effects of Trans-Polyoctylene Rubber (TOR) on the Cure Characteristics and Swelling Behaviour of Activated Carbon Filled Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) Vulcanizates
Authors: Munirah N.R. , Noriman N.Z. , Zakaria Muhammad Salihin , Ting Sam Sung , Al Bakri A.M. Mustafa , Kamarudin Hussin , Rosniza H. , Omar M.F.
Published: May 2016

Compatibilizer is one of the processing aids used for rubber compounding which helps the incorporation of filler in rubber. In this study, the effect of trans-polyoctylene rubber (TOR) as compatibilizer on the cure characteristics and swelling behaviour of activated carbon filled styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) vulcanizates were studied as a function of TOR loading. Both uncompatibilized and compatibilized SBR vulcanizates with different TOR loading (2, 4, 6 and 8 phr) were prepared using two-rolls mill at room temperature. It was observed that the cure time (tc90) of compatibilized SBR vulcanizates was shorter than that of the uncompatibilized SBR vulcanizate and decreased with increasing of TOR loading up to 6 phr. The minimum torque (ML) of the uncompatibilized SBR vulcanizate was lower compared to the compatibilized vulcanizates. In contrast, the uncompatibilized SBR vulcanizate has higher maximum torque (MH) compared to the compatibilized SBR vulcanizates. As the TOR contents increased, the ML increased but MH gradually decreased. It was also reported that the value of cure rate index (CRI) of the compatibilized SBR vulcanizates increased with the increment in addition of TOR. The result also showed that the compatibilized SBR vulcanizates had lower crosslink density than that of the uncompatibilized SBR vulcanizate and slightly decreased with increasing TOR loading.
Edge Cutting Tools for Machining of Hard-to-Cut Materials
Authors: Vereschaka Alexey Anatolevich , Vereshchaka Anatoly S. , Sharipov Oleg , Bublikov Jury , Sitnikov Nikolay
Published: May 2016

The study considers the possibility to increase the efficiency of cutting of hard-to-cut materials through the use of innovative tool materials of layer composite type with nanoscale multi-layer composite coatings and carbides with cobalt-rhenium refractory binder. The effect of the increase in the tool life was achieved through higher wear resistance of cobalt-rhenium solid carbide to thermoplastic fracture and wear at elevated temperatures. For synthesis of coatings, the process of filtered cathodic vacuum-arc deposition (FCVAD) and the control technology on its basis were used for high-performance surface preparation and application of nanostructured coatings of multi-layer complex composite architecture on WC-Co, WC-(Co/Re) carbides. During the study, the mathematical models of the FCVAD processes are developed to optimize the numerical values of the basic parameters of the deposition technology, including operating gas pressure, value of cathode current, and voltage on substrate.
A New Free-Machining Steel Containing Bismuth and Calcium
Authors: Ryabov A.V. , Dyakonov Aleksandr A. , Vakhitov Maksim
Published: May 2016

The paper presents a new environmentally friendly lead-free free-machining structural steel AVTs19KhGN containing bismuth and calcium. The following quality characteristics of the new steel (in as-cast and forged condition) are determined: mechanical properties; austenite grain size; amount of non-metallic inclusions; surface quality. In forged rods (square 20 mm) a tendency towards an increase of bismuth content is observed from bottom to top of the ingot. Calcium distribution along the billet is uniform. Surface quality of billets in heats following the test heats is comparable to that of analog steels. Austenite grain size does not exceed ASTM number 6. Austenite grain is refined with increasing bismuth content. Mechanical properties are at the same level as for the steel without bismuth and calcium.
Thermal Aging of Dissimilar-Metal Weld Joints for Reactor Pressurized Vessels at Elevated Temperature
Authors: Kong Won Sik , Kim Chung Seok
Published: May 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the thermal aging of dissimilar metal welds for reactor pressurized vessels in the primary system of nuclear power plants. The influences of long-term aging of dissimilar-metal welds on microstructural and mechanical characteristics have been studied qualitatively and quantitatively. The dissimilar-metal welds composed of SA 508 Cl.3 low alloy steel and AISI 316L stainless steel are prepared after buttering alloy 82 on the SA 508 side by the gas tungsten arc welding process using Inconel 82 welding consumable. The test specimens are heat-treated at 600°C for 10000 hours at each predetermined aging time to simulate the degraded microstructure of dissimilar-metal welds subjected to high temperature and pressure. The long-term aging tests are interrupted at various stages to obtain the different level of degraded specimens. The microstructural changes in base metals and weld metal have been evaluated by the optical and electron microscope in relation with twins, grains, precipitates, and phase transformation. The residual stress and mechanical softening were also discussed in terms of microstructural changes during long-term aging.
Intermetallic Study on the Modified Sn-3.5Ag-1.0Cu-1.0Zn Lead Free Solder
Authors: Mayappan Ramani , Zainal Abidin Nur Nadiah , Ab Ghani Noor Asikin , Yahya Iziana , Shuhaime Norlin
Published: May 2016

Due to environmental concerns, lead-free solders were introduced to replace the lead-based solders in microelectronics devices technology. Although there are many lead-free solders available, the Sn-Ag-Cu solders are considered the best replacement due to their good wettability and joint strength. Although the Sn-Ag-Cu solders are accepted widely, but there are still some room for improvement. In this study, 1wt% Zn, which can be considered high percentage for a dopant, was added into the solder via powder metallurgy route. The effects of adding this dopant into the Sn-3.5Ag-1.0Cu solder on the interface intermetallic and thickness were investigated. The intermetallics phases formed were observed under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and their thicknesses were measured. The SEM results showed the presence of Cu6Sn5, Cu3Sn and (Cu,Zn)6Sn5 intermetallics. It can be concluded that Zn behaved as retarding agent and significantly retarded the growth of Cu-Sn intermetallics.
Strength of Portland Cement with Several Composition of Bottom Ash in Different Fineness with Curing Time of 28 Days
Authors: Jun Ng Hooi , Al Bakri A.M. Mustafa , Kamarudin Hussin , Tan Soo Jin , OMAR MOHD FIRDAUS , Kadir Aeslina Abdul , Tran Mien Van
Published: May 2016

Concrete is produced increasingly worldwide and accounting 10-20% emission of carbon dioxide. The potential long term opposing cost of environmental effects need to recognize. Residue of coal combustion ashes especially bottom ash will use to develop reuse application. This study focused on compressive strength of several composition of bottom ash as cement replacement in mortar. Curing of cement mortar techniques and duration also plays an important role and effects on the strength. The objective of this research is to examine the compressive strength of bottom ash in Portland cement under various compositions and fineness of bottom ash.
An Experiment on Bond Properties of Reinforcements Embedded in Ultra High Performance Concrete
Authors: Kim Jee Sang , Park Jong Ho
Published: May 2016

Researches on Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) have been conducted worldwide owing to its outstanding durability and strength performances compared to normal concrete. This paper experimentally investigates the bond properties of reinforcements embedded in UHPC using direct pull-out tests. The specimens were prepared for various compressive strength levels of 120, 150, and 180MPa, diameters of reinforcements of 13, 16, 19, 22 and 25mm, cover to bar diameter ratios and bonded lengths. The influences of each test variable on bond properties are examined and may be a useful data for design and analysis of UHPC structures.
Indoor Air Quality of Fired Clay Brick Incorporated with Mosaic Sludge
Authors: Kadir Aeslina Abdul , Salim Nurul Salhana Abdul , Abdul Rahim Ahmad Shayuti , Noor M.N.
Published: May 2016

Disposal of industrial mosaic sludge waste into landfills has become serious threat to the global environment due to the huge generation of waste every year. Nevertheless, a relevant alternative solution could be develop as recently rapid growing interest are focusing on the usage of wastes material into the manufacturing of fired clay. Furthermore, previous research has successfully incorporated different types of sludge into the fired clay brick. Therefore, this study is focusing on the potential of incorporating two types of mosaic sludge in terms of properties and indoor air quality (IAQ) performance. Different percentages (0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%) of mosaic sludge waste were incorporated into fired clay brick. In terms of strength, 30% of sludge waste show higher strength of brick. In terms of IAQ, all the results of both sludge waste were compiled with the standard requirement. From this study, it shows that mosaic sludge that incorporated with fired clay brick is safe to be used towards the environment since it is complied with ICOP-IAQ. In addition, this study may help to create an alternative method to dispose the sludge waste as well as to provide another low cost material for the clay brick.
Properties of Steel Mill Sludge Waste Incorporated in Fired Clay Brick
Authors: Kadir Aeslina Abdul , Abd Jalil Mohd Ruzaini , Al Bakri A.M. Mustafa
Published: May 2016

Brick is one of the most common masonry units as a building material due to its properties. Many attempts have been made to incorporate different types of sludge waste into brick such as marble sludge, stone sludge, water treatment sludge, sewage sludge, desalination sludge, textile laundry sludge, ceramic sludge and steel mill sludge. SMS is waste that produced from steel manufacturing industry. This sludge is normally disposed at a hazardous waste landfill site. The objective of this study is to investigate the properties of sludge waste incorporated in fired clay brick. The characteristic of heavy metals in steel mill sludge were determined by using XRF. Characteristic of steel mill sludge shows that some of the heavy metals in steel mill sludge shows higher concentration by following this descending order Zn>Cu>Pb>Sn>Cr>Ba. Four different mixing ratios of steel mill sludge at (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) were incorporated into fired clay brick to obtain the properties and compared with control brick and standards. In this study, physical and mechanical properties such as shrinkage, density, initial rate of suction and compressive strength test were conducted in the laboratory. Through this study, the results indicate that addition of 5% steel mill sludge into bricks shows the best quality of brick with high compressive strength (16.78N/mm2) and low initial rate of suction (3.80 g/mm2). Nevertheless, the density and shrinkage for all bricks still comply with the requirement and suitable for different work applications. Furthermore, by incorporating sludge waste into fired clay brick could provide an environmental friendly way of disposal method.
Effect of Chromium (II, III) Oxide and Cobalt Oxide on the Colour and Fineness of Cement
Authors: Wai Lee Chia , Ahmad Roszilah
Published: May 2016

The objective of this study is to determine the optimum portions of coloured pigments, chromium (I, II) oxide (Cr2O3) and cobalt oxide in producing coloured cement. The fineness (specific surface area - SS) of coloured cement via Blaine permeability test is also determined. The green and grey colours become darker as the percentages of chromium (II, III) oxide and cobalt oxide are increased. The chromium (II, III) oxide coloured cement become coarser as the added portions of chromium (II, III) oxide pigment is increased from 3 to 9 %. For cobalt oxide coloured cement, it becomes finer as the added portions of the cobalt oxide pigment are increased from 3 to 6 %. Results show that the optimum portions of chromium (II, III) oxide and cobalt oxide being added into the white cement in order to produce the colours at the most best is 5%. The Blaine permeability test shows that the values of the specific surface of the coloured cements comply with the Standard Specification.
Mechanical Properties of Volcanic Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Risdanareni Puput , Karjanto Adjib , Ekaputri Januarti Jaya , Puspitasari Poppy , Khakim Febriano
Published: May 2016

This paper presents the result of study on using volcanic ash which obtained from Mount Kelud as fly ash replacement material to produce geopolymer concrete. Test was conducted on geopolymer concrete mixture with 0%, 25%, 50% and 100% fly ash replacement with Kelud volcanic ash. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and Sodium Silicate (Na2SiO3) were applied as alkaline activator. The mechanical properties was assessed by compressive strength while workability of fresh concrete by slump test. Producing geopolymer concrete with volcanic ash is possible with maximum replacement of up to 50%. Research and development on eco-friendly material such as volcanic ash is very useful to help reconstruction process of volcanic disaster around the world.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ambiently-Cured Blended Coal Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Xie Tian Yu , Ozbakkaloglu Togay
Published: May 2016

This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the behavior of fly ash-, bottom ash-, and blended fly and bottom ash-based geopolymer concrete (GPC) cured at ambient temperature. Four bathes of GPC were manufactured to investigate the influence of the fly ash-to-bottom ash mass ratio on the microstructure, compressive strength and elastic modulus of GPC. All the results indicate that the mass ratio of fly ash-to-bottom ash significantly affects the microstructure and mechanical properties of GPCs
Printing of Silk Fabric with Reactive Dye Using Flour of Wild Taro Corm as a Resist Printing Paste
Authors: Klaichoi Charoon , Mongkholrattanasit Rattanaphol , Rungruangkitkrai Nattadon
Published: May 2016

The present study was undertaken to use flour of wild taro (ColocasiaEsculenta (L.) Schott) as a resist printing paste for silk fabric and using reactive dye as a dyestuffs. The K/S values, whiteness index and sharpness of printed silk fabric were studied. The washing, water, perspiration, light and rubbing fastness of the printed fabric was also evaluated. From the present work it can be concluded that the pattern at resist printing area of silk fabrics show sharpness and whiteness. Colour fastness to water and perspiration were ranging between poor to fair level. Printed fabric exhibited fair to good level in washing, rubbing and light fastness. The advantages of this product are environmental friendly that is non-toxic fumes; production cost is lower, instance application and creative process enhancement in textile production.
Suppression of Cu3Sn with Ni in High Cu Containing Sn-Cu Solder Alloys
Authors: Nogita Kazuhiro , Kefford Benjamin , Read Jonathan , McDonald Stuart D.
Published: May 2016

This research examines the relationship between Cu and Ni concentration and the formation of primary Cu3Sn in high Cu containing Sn-Cu solder alloys. Through thermal analysis and optical microscopy, it was determined that Ni additions still have a significant effect in minimising or eliminating Cu3Sn for Cu concentrations as high as 30wt%. In addition, it is clear that a relationship exists between Cu concentration and the effect of Ni addition and the volume fraction of Cu3Sn increases as the Cu content increases. It is likely that the Ni addition has a significant effect on the interdiffusional coefficients of the diffusing species of Cu3Sn and Cu6Sn5, slowing the growth of Cu3Sn and encouraging primary Cu6Sn5 nucleation.
XPS Analysis of Oxide Films on Lead-Free Solders with Trace Additions of Germanium and Gallium
Authors: Watling K.M. , Chandler-Temple A. , Nogita Kazuhiro
Published: May 2016

A sessile drop experiment involving slow heating and cooling of lead-free solder alloys under inert gas revealed segregation of trace elements to the sample surface. Addition of germanium or gallium to Sn-0.7Cu-0.05Ni alloys promoted a metallic lustre in samples, in contrast with the blue/purple colour of the parent alloy. Alloys with Ge or Ga additions showed oxidation resistance. Depth profiling of surfaces of sample alloys with Ge or Ga showed a significant concentration of these elements within the oxide film, which may be responsible for oxidation resistance of these alloys.
Surface Roughness and Wettability of SAC/CNT Lead Free Solder
Authors: Ismail Norliza , Ismail Roslina , Nik Ubaidillah Nik Khairul Amilin , Jalar Azman , Zain Norazwani Muhammad
Published: May 2016

The effect of substrate surface roughness on the wettability of SAC237 (Sn 99.9%, Ag 0.3%, Cu 0.7%) with difference percentage of CNT on copper substrate was investigated. Solder paste of SAC 237 without CNT, 0.01% and 0.04% of CNT were reflowed at 270°C on different surface roughness of Cu substrate (abrasive number 240, 400, 600, 800). Contact angle of soldered samples measured by Infinite Focus Microscope (IFM). As a result, contact angle value of investigated solders range 7° to 20°. Contact angle obtained decreases with the increasing surface roughness of Cu substrate. This demonstrates that rougher substrate enhance the wettability of the solders. Addition of CNT also effects the wettability of investigated solders. Higher composition of CNT show better wettability.
Narratiewe tersydes in die vertelling van die Openbaring aan Johannes
Authors: Du Rand Jan A.
Published: May 2016

Narrative asides in the narrative of the book of Revelation to John. Concerning the language (le parole) of the narrative of the book of Revelation, many ignorant and negative remarks have been thrown around. Therefore, to properly excavate the deadly accurate meaning of the narrative of the text requires narratological knowledge and skills from the informed linguist and exegete. Every hint of information to lighten up the text is very important. In the dramatic narrative of the book of Revelation we find most valuable references which have to be taken into consideration in analysing the text. They are called narrative asides, inter alia to awaken emotion in the reader, provide semantic explanations, give functional meaning to the sequence of the narrative or can just be causal. Combined with vocalisation these narrative aside enables the linguist and exegete hermeneutically to a better understanding of the message of Revelation and 4 Esra. The narrative of 4 Esra is chosen as a comparable and contemporary narrative to put the narrative of Revelation even more into narratological perspective.
Bipartite dimer representation of squares of 2d-Ising correlations
Authors: de Tilière Béatrice
Published: May 2016

The combinatorial Bosonisation identities of [5] show that the square of 2d-Ising order and disorder correlations are equal to ± the ratio of bipartite dimer partition functions. In this self-contained paper, we give an alternative proof of these identities using the approach of [2]. Our proof is more direct and allows to see the eect of order and disorder on XOR-Ising polygon congurations.
Type $\widehat{\mathrm C}$ Brauer loop schemes and loop model with boundaries
Authors: Ponsaing Anita , Zinn-Justin Paul
Published: May 2016

In this paper we study the Brauer loop model on a strip and the associated quantum Knizhnik–Zamolodchikov (qKZ) equation. We show that the minimal degree solution of the Brauer qKZ equation with one of four dierent possible boundary conditions, gives the multidegrees of the irreducible components of generalizations of the Brauer loop scheme of [16, Knutson–Zinn-Justin ’07] with one of four kinds of symplectic-type symmetry. This is accomplished by studying these irreducible components, which are indexed by link patterns, and describing the geometric action of Brauer generators on them. We also provide recurrence relations for the multidegrees and compute the sum rules (multidegrees of the whole schemes).
Topological monsters in elliptic equations and spectral theory
Authors: Enciso Alberto , Peralta-Salas Daniel
Published: May 2016

In this paper we will discuss the appearance of complicated geometric and topological structures through the level sets of solutions to a wide range of elliptic equations. Applications to the analysis of nodal sets of eigenfunctions of Schrödinger operators will be discussed too.
The thermistor problem with Robin boundary condition
Authors: Cimatti Giovanni
Published: May 2016

We study the thermistor problem with Robin boundary condition for the temperature. A theorem of existence is proved using the compensated compactness method. For the one-dimensional case a result of non-existence and non-uniqueness is also given.
Boundedness of minimizers for spectral problems in $\mathbb R^N$
Authors: Mazzoleni Dario
Published: May 2016

In [8] it was proved that any increasing functional of the first

k

eigenvalues of the Dirichlet Laplacian admits a (quasi-)open minimizer among the subsets of

\mathbb R^N

of unit measure. In this paper we show that every minimizer is uniformly bounded by a constant depending only on

k,N

.
Proper base change for separated locally proper maps
Authors: Schnürer Olaf M. , Soergel Wolfgang
Published: May 2016

We introduce and study the notion of a locally proper map between topological spaces.We show that fundamental constructions of sheaf theory, more precisely proper base change, projection formula, and Verdier duality, can be extended from continuous maps between locally compact Hausdor spaces to separated locally proper maps between arbitrary topological spaces.
A simple construction for a class of $p$-groups with all of their automorphisms central
Authors: Caranti Andrea
Published: May 2016

We exhibit a simple construction, based on elementary linear algebra, for a class of examples of finite

p

-groups of nilpotence class 2 all of whose automorphisms are central.
On the intersection of annihilator of the Valabrega–Valla module
Authors: Puthenpurakal Tony J.
Published: May 2016

Let

(A,\mathfrak m)

be a Cohen–Macaulay local ring with an infinite residue field and let

I

be an

\mathfrak m

-primary ideal. Let

\mathbf x = x_1, \ldots, x_r

be a

A

-superficial sequence \wrt \

I

. Set

\mathcal V_I(\mathbf x) = \bigoplus_{n \geq 1} \frac{I^{n+1} \cap (\mathbf x) }{\mathbf x I^n}.

A consequence of a theorem due to Valabrega and Valla is that

\mathcal V_I(\mathbf x) = 0

if and only if the initial forms

x_1^*, \ldots, x_r^*

is a

G_I (A)

regular sequence. Furthermore this holds if and only if depth

G_I(A) \geq r

. We show that if depth

G_I(A) < r

then

\mathfrak a_r(I)= \bigcap_{\substack{\mathbf x = x_1, \ldots, x_r \: \mathrm {is \: a}} \: \\ {A-\mathrm {superficial \: sequence \: with \: respect \: to} \: I}} \mathrm {ann}_A \mathcal V_I(\mathbf x) \: \: \: \mathrm {is} \: \mathfrak m \mathrm {-primary}.

Suprisingly we also prove that under the same hypotheses,

\bigcap_{n \geq 1} \mathfrak a_r(I^n) \: \: \mathrm {is \: also} \: \mathfrak m \mathrm{-primary}.
Projection of a nonsingular plane quintic curve and the dihedral group of order eight
Authors: Takahashi Takeshi
Published: May 2016

Let

C

be a nonsingular plane quintic curve over the complex number field

\mathbb{C}

, and let

\pi_P\colon C \rightarrow \mathbb{P}^1

be a projection from

P \in C

. Let

L_P

be the Galois closure of the field extension

\mathbb{C}(C)/\mathbb{C}(\mathbb{P}^1)

induced by

\pi_P

, where

\mathbb{C}(C)

and

\mathbb{C}(\mathbb{P}^1)

are the rational function fields of

C

and

\mathbb{P}^1

, respectively. We call the point

P

a

D_4

-point if the Galois group of

L_P/\mathbb{C}(\mathbb{P}^1)

is isomorphic to the dihedral group

D_4

of order eight. In this paper, we prove that the number of

D_4

-points for

C

equals

0

,

1

,

3

,

5

, or

15

, and show that the curve with

15

D_4

-points is projectively equivalent to the Fermat quintic curve.
On dimensions of the real nerve of the moduli space of Riemann surfaces of odd genus
Authors: Gromadzki Grzegorz , Kozłowska-Walania Ewa
Published: May 2016

In the moduli space

{\mathcal M}_{g}

of Riemann surfaces of genus

g \geq 2

there is important, so-called, real locus

{\mathcal R}_{g}

, consisting of points representing Riemann surfaces having symmetries, by which we understand antiholomorphic involutions.

{\mathcal R}_g

{itself} is covered by the strata

{\mathcal R}_g^{k}

, each being formed by the points representing surfaces having a symmetry of given topological type

k

. These strata are known to be real analytic varieties of dimension

3(g-1)

. Also, their topological structure is pretty well known. Natanzon–Seppälä have realized that they are connected orbifolds homeomorphic to the factors of

\mathbb{R}^{3g-3}

with respect to actions of some discrete groups and Goulden–Jackson–Harer and Harer–Zagier have found their Euler characteristics, expressing them through the Riemann zeta function. However, topological properties of the whole real locus

{\mathcal R}_{g}

were less studied. The most known fact is its connectivity, proved independently by Buser–Seppälä–Silhol, Frediani and Costa–Izquierdo. This paper can be seen as a further contribution to the study of topology of

{\mathcal R}_g

, {which was possible through the notion of the nerve

\mathcal{N}_g

, associated to

{\mathcal R}_{g}

and called the
real nerve
. We find upper bounds for its geometrical and homological dimensions and we show their sharpness for infinitely many values of {odd

g

. Precise values of these dimensions for even

g

have been found by the authors in an earlier paper.
Strongly FP-injective and strongly flat functors
Authors: Mao Lixin
Published: May 2016

A functor

F \in

(mod-

R

, Ab) is called
strongly FP-injective
if

F

is isomorphic to some functor

- \otimes M

in (mod-

R

, Ab) with

M

an FP-injective left

R

-module. A functor

G \in

((mod-

R)^{\mathrm {op}}

Ab) is said to be
strongly flat
if

G

is isomorphic to some functor

(-,N)

in ((mod-

R)^{\mathrm {op}}

, Ab) with

N

a flat right

R

-module. We study the properties of strongly FP-injective functors and explore the relationship between strongly FP-injective functors and strongly flat functors. Precovers and preenvelopes by strongly FP-injective and strongly flat functors are also investigated.
Striving for social justice: understanding gender issues at the workplace in India
Authors: Jain Suparna , Bhardwaj Gopa
Published: May 2016

Background

Patriarchy dominates not only the mind-set and behavioural patterns of both males and females in India in general but also has a far-reaching impact on work culture as well as quality of work life. Indians not only suffer the archaic gender patterns but also are burdened with a unique system of caste that discriminates people based on their birth in a particular section of society. The government has made an effort to eradicate the adverse impacts of the caste system by making a unique reservation policy (a form of affirmative action) in work and education that tries to promote social justice.

Participants and procedure

The present research study was conducted to assess the perception of public-sector employees of the diversity climate of their organizations (in terms of the diversity created by the affirmative action) and the psychological impact of this perception. Three hundred participants (all employed in public-sector organizations) were categorized into four groups, namely General Category Men, Reserved Category Men, General Category Women and Reserved Category Women. Participants in the reserved category were those who had directly benefitted from the affirmative action. All the participants were given questionnaires to assess perceived diversity climate, work-family conflict and alienation from work. Thirty percent of the participants were interviewed with semi-structured open-ended questions. Quantitative data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential (ANOVA) statistics.

Results

The study’s findings revealed that women in the two categories hold contrasting perceptions of their organisations’ diversity climates. While among the four categories General Category Women hold the worst perception, Reserved Category Women hold the best. The former suffer from severe psychological consequences. Qualitative analysis via thematic analysis of individual interviews revealed themes that explain the findings of the study.

Conclusions

The findings demonstrate the importance of developing a work culture of inclusion rather than assimilation in the organisations adhering to a caste-based quota system, where differences between the categories and gender are recognised, valued and engaged. Different voices are understood as being legitimate and as opening up new vistas; they are heard and integrated in decision-making and problem-solving processes. They have an active role in shaping culture and fostering creativity and innovation and eventually in adding value to the company’s performance, allowing people with multiple backgrounds, mindsets and ways of thinking to work effectively together and to perform to their highest potential in order to achieve organisational objectives based on sound principles. In such an environment different voices are respected and heard, diverse viewpoints, perspectives and approaches are valued, and everyone is encouraged to make a unique and meaningful contribution.
Efficacy of radiation synovectomy (radiosynovectomy or radiosynoviorthesis) with yttrium-90 in exudative inflammation of synovial membrane of knee joints in patients with rheumatic diseases – preliminary report
Authors: Zalewska Joanna , Węgierska Małgorzata , Barczyńska Tacjana , Waszczak Marzena , Żuchowski Paweł , Jeka Sławomir
Published: May 2016

Objectives: Hypertrophic and exudative synovitis of the knee is one of the earliest symptoms in rheumatic diseases. In the case of pharmacotherapy failure, other methods which directly remove the inflamed synovial membrane are used – synovectomies. Radiosynovectomy (RSV) is the radiopharmaceutical application of colloidal solution to joint cavities. In this study, the authors assessed the efficacy of knee radiosynovectomy with yttrium-90 (Y-90) in several groups of patients divided into certain rheumatic diseases.

Material and methods: The study group consisted of 70 patients aged from 29 to 65 years with hypertrophic and exudative synovitis of the knee in rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthrosis and spondyloarthropathies. Radiopharmaceutical colloid of Y-90, with a radiation dose of 185-222 MBq in a volume of 2-3 ml, was administered to joint. Then the knee joint was immobilized for 72 h. During visits V1, V2, V3 and V4, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured and ultrasound of the knee was performed. Disease activity was evaluated by the WOMAC scale, HAQ and 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS).

Results: The most significant difference of synovial hypertrophy, before and after the procedure, was obtained in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Variability of effusion before and after the procedure in all groups was comparable and statistically significant. The greatest improvement in variability of inflammatory parameters, before and 4 weeks after radiosynovectomy, was observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Conclusions: In the therapeutic algorithm radiosynovectomy should be located between conservative treatment and operative procedures. Radiosynovectomy does not require hospitalization or prolonged rehabilitation. Radiosynoviorthesis affects the patient’s general condition, which is associated with eliminating pain and restoring joint function.
Intestinal microbiota transplant – current state of knowledge
Authors: Leszczyszyn Jarosław Jerzy , Radomski Marek , Leszczyszyn Anna Maria
Published: May 2016

Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has induced a lot scientific interest and hopes for the last couple of years. FMT has been approved as a treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile colitis. Highly sophisticated molecular DNA identification methods have been used to assess the healthy human microbiome as well as its disturbances in several diseases. The metabolic and immunologic functions of the microbiome have become more clear and understandable. A lot of pathological changes, such as production of short-chain fatty acids or components of the inflammatory cascade, caused by changes in microbiome diversity, variability and richness have been observed among patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases, irritable bowel syndrome, type 2 diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis. The published clinical results are encouraging, but still there is huge demand for FMT controlled clinical trials.
Macrophage activation syndrome in a patient with systemic onset of the juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Jain Deepak , Aggarwal Hari K. , Rao Avinash , Mittal Anshul , Jain Promil
Published: May 2016

Systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) is defined as arthritis affecting one or more joint usually in the juvenile age group (< 16 years of age) with or preceded by fever of at least 2 weeks duration that is documented to be daily (“quotidian”) for at least 3 days which may be associated with evanescent (non-fixed) erythematous rash or generalized lymph node enlargement or hepatomegaly/splenomegaly/both or serositis. Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a life-threatening complication of sJIA marked by sudden onset of non-remitting high fever, profound depression in all three blood cell lines (i.e. leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia), hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and elevated serum liver enzyme levels. In children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, the clinical picture may mimic sepsis or an exacerbation of the underlying disease.

We report a case of a 16-year-old female patient presenting with high grade fever with joint pains and generalized weakness which proved to be systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis with macrophage activation syndrome after ruling out all other differential diagnoses and responded well to intravenous steroids.
Biogeochemical model of CO2 and CH4 production in anoxic Arctic soil microcosms
Authors: Tang Guoping , Zheng Jianqiu , Xu Xiaofeng , Yang Ziming , Graham David E. , Gu Baohua , Painter Scott , Thornton Peter E.
Published: May 2016

Abstract. Soil organic carbon turnover to CO2 and CH4 is sensitive to soil redox potential and pH conditions. However, land surface models do not consider redox and pH in the aqueous phase explicitly, thereby limiting their use for making predictions in anoxic environments. Using recent data from incubations of Arctic soils, we extend the Community Land Model Carbon Nitrogen (CLM-CN) decomposition cascade to include simple organic substrate turnover, fermentation, Fe(III) reduction, and methanogenesis reactions, and assess the efficacy of various temperature and pH response functions. Incorporating the Windermere Humic Aqueous Model (WHAM) enables us to approximately describe the observed pH evolution without additional parameterization. Although Fe(III) reduction is normally assumed to compete with methanogenesis, the model predicts that Fe(III) reduction raises the pH from acidic to neutral, thereby reducing environmental stress to methanogens and accelerating methane production when substrates are not limiting. The equilibrium speciation predicts a substantial increase in CO2 solubility as pH increases, and taking into account CO2 adsorption to surface sites of metal oxides further decreases the predicted headspace gas-phase fraction at low pH. Without adequate representation of these speciation reactions, and the impact of pH, temperature, and pressure, CO2 production from closed microcosms can be substantially underestimated based on headspace CO2 measurements only. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of geochemical models for simulating soil biogeochemistry and provide predictive understanding and mechanistic representations that can be tested in land surface models to improve climate model predictions.
The Sacramental Piety of Early American Methodists: The Fluvanna Conference of 1779 Revisited
Authors: Bruns Steven David
Published: May 2016

There is continuing debate over the place of the sacraments in early American Methodism and the extent to which the Methodists valued them. The Fluvanna Conference of 1779 is key to understanding early American Eucharistic piety. By analysing the American Methodists' writings, a sacramental piety that is primarily ecclesiological is discovered. This piety is congruent with one dimension of John Wesley's Eucharistic theology: that the sacraments are a marker of a true church. The American Methodists in 1779 sought the authority to administer the sacraments so they could have an independent church.
Untwisting the Tangled Web: Charles Wesley and Elizabeth Story
Authors: Maddox Randy L. , Underhill Timothy
Published: May 2016

The recent publication of a more complete edition of Charles Wesley's manuscript journal provides greater awareness of the personal trials he faced, including an accusation of sexual improprieties in late 1744. This article summarizes that specific case, identifies the woman involved, introduces a previously unpublished document clearing Charles Wesley of these charges, and reflects on possible motivations for soliciting this document five years after the event.
Presentación Vol.36
Authors: Nazar Herrera Bessy Margoth
Published: May 2016

Es un privilegio presentar la trigésima sexta edición de la Revista de Derecho del Instituto de Investigación Jurídica de la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras. Dicho instituto asume ya, una tradición de investigación consolidada desde su creación en el año de 1969, convirtiéndose así, en un ente generador de aportes académicos donde intelectuales y estudiosos han dado a conocer sus hallazgos científicos ajustados a nuestra realidad jurídica a nivel nacional como internacional.En la actual edición de la Revista de Derecho, se marca una nueva propuesta en su edición marcada por el actual momento institucional, como lo es la efervescencia intelectual y académica que marca la actual reforma universitaria gestada esta desde el año 2005, misma, que ha permitido la contribución de nuevos colaboradores universitarios que han influido en la actual propuesta de trabajo marcada por la época digital y la reflexión crítica del ámbito jurídico en el marco nacional e internacional.El recorrido temático nos lleva por el análisis de situaciones jurídicas en materias del Derecho Mercantil y del Derecho Penal, desde un enfoque internacional, haciendo énfasis en las nuevas formas de construcción jurídica y de interpretación jurídica. Analizando las problemáticas desde los aportes de la legislación, la doctrina y jurisprudencia tanto de las sedes internas como externas a las que estamos sometidos por su jurisdicción los estados y sus habitantes.Reflexionar sobre la gran tarea del estado democrático en su trabajo de administración del sistema de justicia como uno de sus rolés fundamentales para asegurar el bien común para sus habitantes, así como la investigación de la tarea del juez en particular que a traves del abordaje del caso concreto donde se vuelve operativa la norma para resolver la pretensión de las partes, es una porción de los análisis que se nos presenta en la actual edición.La importancia de la relación armónica que se debe dar entre la producción de una legislación vigente , coherente y legítima que garantice el pacto social que se traduce a través de la Carta Fundamental de cada país, así como como de los otros sistemas normativos nacionales e internacionales es parte de los análisis.La impartición de justicia y las nuevas formas de interpretación jurídica que nos impone la realidad jurídica contemporánea en el marco de la legislación interna e internacional, la doctrina y la jurisprudencia se plantean como los nuevos retos a los que están sometidos en su actuación los nuevos Juristas.¿Es el juez el verdadero productor legislativo a través del desarrollo de función jurisdiccional y la producción de sentencias? es una de la interrogantes que transversalmente se presentan en cada trabajo aportado. Nos detona la reflexión sobre nuestra realidad jurídica y los mecanismos de interpretación. Agrega un gran valor para el análisis y la reflexión de los académicos y lectores de la Revista de Derecho en general?