bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Swallowing function after transoral surgery for laryngopharyngeal cancer
Authors: Ueda Tsutomu , Yumii Kouhei , Urabe Yuji , Chikuie Nobuyuki , Taruya Takayuki , Kono Takashi , Hamamoto Takao , Takumida Masaya , Hattori Minoru , Ishino Takashi , Takeno Sachio
Published: June 2022

Transoral surgery (TOS) has been widely used to treat laryngopharyngeal cancers. Although TOS is a minimally invasive procedure, postoperative complications, such as postoperative dysphagia, may occur, which can lead to a poor quality of life for patients undergoing TOS. This study aimed to investigate factors that may affect swallowing function in patients who underwent TOS for laryngopharyngeal cancers. Swallowing function of 84 patients who underwent endoscopic resection for oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, and supraglottic lesions was evaluated by the Functional Outcome Swallowing Scale, and predictors for postoperative dysphagia were identified. Multivariate analysis identified the following factors as independent predictors for postoperative dysphagia: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS, p = 0.008), prior neck radiation therapy (p = 0.008), and operative time (p = 0.021). This study suggests that patients with poor ECOG PS or those who received prior neck radiation therapy should be fully assessed for preoperative swallowing function. In the future, we would like to clarify the criteria for preoperative swallowing evaluation to create a system that can identify patients suitable for TOS.
D-optimal mixture design optimized solid formulation containing fruits extracts of Momordica charantia and Abelmoschus esculentus
Authors: Peter Emanuel L. , Sesaazi Crispin D.
Published: June 2022

Fruit extracts ofMomordica charantiaL. (Cucurbitaceae) andAbelmoschus esculentus(L.) Moench (Malvaceae) have shown promising antidiabetic activities in clinical trials. However, they remain underutilized due to insufficient standardization and lack of formulation containing their mixture. This study’s overall purpose was to develop and optimize a capsule dosage form containing dried fruit extractsof M.charantiaandA.esculentus. The design of the experiment involved two steps; first, response surface methodology (RSM) with a five-level two-factor central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was employed to determine the optimal dose of a mixture of extracts for adequate glycemic control. The extract ofM.charantiaandA.esculentuswere the independent variables while fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was the dependent factor. In the second step, a D-optimal mixture design was applied to study the interaction effect of the optimal dose and selected excipients on granules flowability and capsules’ disintegration time. Moreover, a second-order quadratic model determined the interrelationship of excipients and the desired capsules’ quality attributes. The validity of the predicted models was confirmed. The findings indicated that a combined dose of 175A.esculentusand 281M.charantia(mg/kg) significantly reduced the FPG level compared to vehicle at day 14 (mean difference -2.7 ± 0.21,p< 0.001). This dose was used to make a 600 mg capsule (DM083) with 76% drug loading. The DM083 had 40.4 ± 0.62 mg GAE/gDW total polyphenols, 12 peaks HPLC fingerprint, and 26.6 ± 4.75 min average disintegration time. Together, these findings showed that a mixture ofM.charantiaandA.esculentusfruit extracts could be formulated in a stable capsule dosage form with acceptable quality standards. Further biological studies such as toxicity assays and long-term efficacy studies of the developed capsules could be carried out before large-scale commercial production.
WTWO memoir extracts
Authors: Wheale Nigel
Published: June 2022

Reading Proust’s A la Recherche du Temps Perdu again, always a completely immersive experience for me, I was struck again by the way in which the smallest details of that life become resonant, and make the text so eloquent, utterly involving a reader willing to give themselves up to the work. I was inspired to recall distant details of my own childhood in the West Midlands, and then of a period in a place that appears ‘remote’ from the mainland United Kingdom. These are two extracts from what will become a longer memoir, though not stretching to Proust’s twelve luminous volumes.
Filling in the blanks: The Anti-Cahn Anthology of Alternative Classic and Contemporary Readings in the Philosophy of Education
Authors: Paul Lissa , Brook Adriana , Carlsson Rebekah , Dieleman Jessica , Skye Jessi , Wilde Breanne
Published: June 2022

This article arose as a critical response to the second edition of Classic and Contemporary Readings in the Philosophy of Education (2012) edited by Steven M. Cahn (Oxford: Oxford University Press). Lissa Paul, a professor in the Faculty of Education, Brock University in the Niagara region of Ontario, Canada, assigned Cahn’s anthology as the core text in a postgraduate course she taught in the winter of 2021: ‘The right to education: Historical frameworks’. As the course was designed to interrogate the philosophical grounds of (primarily North American) pedagogical practices, the masculine, Eurocentric biases of Cahn’s anthology mirror those underlying our educational institutions. In response to those biases, the five students in the class addressed Cahn’s errors of both omission and commission by developing something like a prospectus or book proposal for what Lissa dubbed the Anti-Cahn Anthology of Classic and Contemporary Readings in the Philosophy of Education. In this article each student contributes a rationale for the inclusion of someone ‘missing’ from Cahn’s book and suggestions for selections from key texts. Adriana Brook writes on the medieval African-Islamic scholar Ibn Khaldun, Jessi Skye on the eighteenth-century Indigenous philosopher Handsome Lake, Rebekah Carlsson on the famous advocate of early childhood education, Maria Montessori, Jessica Dieleman on the late African American scholar bell hooks and Breanne Wilde on Jules Gill-Peterson and histories of the transgender child.
A small infinity: Expressing generational trauma through artistic method and experimental form
Authors: Dallamora Emma
Published: June 2022

How can a narrative work convey more than its conceptual and factual meaning? How does one express not just the details of what happens, but how it feels? A small infinity is a moment of trauma. It is a poetic term that seeks to express the experience of a traumatic event. Often confounding in its dichotomy of understanding, of actuality versus concept, the profundity of trauma is perceived by the survivor as more than its factual happening. Perception and memory occur contrary to empirical notions of time and space, so a trauma narrative should acknowledge the way that the form of a written work is fundamental to the representation of these paradoxical aspects of lived experience. This work is a hybrid text; a compilation of critical text, creative prose and verse created through artistic autoethnographic method. Incorporating theories from Norman K. Denzin and his concept of ‘epiphanic’ or interpretative autoethnographic research and John Van Maanen’s method of ‘impressionist ethnography’, I seek to express the factual research in a creative form that mirrors the difficulty in effecting the translation of experience into text. For this hybrid text, its own form should describe its content to the reader, possessing and projecting the gestalt of its existence. The narrative content follows the form of its topic, and more: the form is the topic. A study of trauma. A collection of traumas. A map of each small infinity.
Ailal Rashid's Critical Contribution to Sahih Al-Bukhari in the book of Sahih Al-Bukhari Nihayah Usturah
Authors: Zainudin Zainudin
Published: June 2022

This study aims to reaffirm that in the hadith literature, all scholars declare that Sahih al-Bukhari is the most authentic book after the Qur’an. Likewise, Ulamas have also praised the intellectuality of Imam Bukhari and Sahih al-Bukhari with its perfection in re-recording the words of the Prophet, both in terms of the sanad and matan. The high reputation of Sahih al-Bukhari seems to be under debate among scholars after many thinkers criticized Sahih al-Bukhari. One of the critics is Rashid Ailal who wrote Sahih al-Bukhari Nihayah Usturah. This study used a text analysis approach, namely reading people’s thoughts through the text, which was then concluded and interpreted as research findings. The method of this study was library research, namely collecting data from books, notes, and related research reports. This study shows that Rashid Ailal’s criticism of Imam Bukhari is that Imam Bukhari is just an ordinary human being who can be right and wrong. Furthermore, according to Rasyid Ailal, the codification of hadith and the instrument of ulum al-hadith which have been used as a means of selecting hadith transmitters are a tragedy. The method is not suitable to serve as the legitimacy of hadith. According to Rashid Ailal, Sahih al-Bukhari is a book of tales. He added that Imam Bukhari is a person who is majruh (flawed), and matruk al-hadith (the transmission of the hadiths is not valid) because the transmission is only based on assumptions. In Rasyid Ailal’s opinion, the existence of the author of Sahih al-Bukhari is still majhul (unknown), so the existence and credibility of Sahih al-Bukhari are questioned.
Investigating Cohesiveness of QS. Al-Mā’idah: A Review on Michel Cuypers Implementation of Semitic Rhetorical Analysis (SRA)
Authors: Asnawi Aqdi Rofiq , Aziz Husein , Haris Achmad Murtafi
Published: June 2022

This article examines Michel Cuyper’s interpretation of the Qur’an which is the result of the application of Semitic Rhetorical Analysis (SRA) in QS. Al-Mā’idah. Although SRA’s implementation has demonstrated the coherence of the Qur’anic text; however, no one has properly articulated the cohesiveness of the Qur’anic text as the basis of that coherence. Thus, to ascertain the text’s cohesiveness in terms of positions and forms from the SRA’s perspective, this study applied cohesion text theories to Cuypers’ implementation of SRA in QS. Al-Mā’idah. A thesis of the paper is that, according to SRA, the cohesiveness of a qur’anic text in QS Al-Mā’idah can be shown through the pairings of words or sentences inside particular groupings of text particles following the principles of Semitic Rhetoric. The Semitic Rhetoric’s principle of parallel, concentric, or mirror symmetry in those text particle groups determined which words or phrases are paired in a text particle group. As a result, from an SRA perspective, the Qur’anic text’s cohesiveness may be discovered at each level of the text particle group, demonstrating multi-layered cohesiveness. In Cuypers’ reading of QS Al-Mā’idah, synonyms and repetition are used to maintain lexical cohesion, while ellipsis, substitution, and reference established grammatical cohesion.
Spiritual Message of Al-Qur'an Calligraphy in Raudhatul Mukhlisin Mosque Jember
Authors: Firdausiyah Umi Wasilatul , Wafi Hasan Abdul
Published: June 2022

The discourse of this research lies in the presence of calligraphy on the walls of the Raudhatul Mukhlisin mosque, Jember Regency with mosque congregations. The discourse of this research lies in the existence of calligraphy on the walls of the Raudhatul Mukhlisin mosque, Jember Regency, with the mosque's congregation. This paper aims to find out the existence of calligraphy in the spirituality of the congregation in the Raudhatul Mukhlisin mosque, Jember Regency. They were assisted by using the type of phenomenological research with data collection techniques with observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results of this study are that the existence of calligraphy, which can be said to be luxurious at the Raudhatul Mukhlisin mosque, not only gives a feeling of amazement, peace when looking at it and a calm heart when worshiping, but there are some jam'ah who feel disturbed when worshiping at the mosque because of its focus. Divided by calligraphy on the mosque walls has an attraction to be seen during worship. In conclusion, the existence of calligraphy on the walls of the Raudhatul Mukhlisin mosque seeks to introduce religion through calligraphy and aesthetics. In conclusion, the existence of calligraphy on the walls of the Raudhatul Mukhlisin mosque seeks to introduce religion through calligraphy and aesthetics.
Exploring the Feasibility of Using Knowledge Surveys to Increase Student Knowledge, Clinical Skills and Assess Student Perceptions
Authors: Goering Mary DeGrote
Published: June 2022

This study explored the feasibility of using knowledge surveys (KSs) in a pre-licensure professional nursing program using cognitive and behavioral outcomes and illustrates how profession-specific competencies can be imbedded into a KS. This study introduces the KS as a potentially useful tool for formative and summative application in nursing education.
Book review of: Friedrich, Klaus (2021): Sozialgeographie des Alterns
Authors: Köppen Bernhard
Published: June 2022

Buch Review.
Kepatuhan Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri pada Petugas Kesehatan di Rumah Sakit melalui Pengembangan Metode Human Factor Design: Kajian Literatur
Authors: Istigfari Salsabila Nur , Dwiantoro Luky
Published: June 2022

Background: PPE noncompliance by health workers found in many hospitals due to knowledge, facilities, and environmental factors, increases the risk of nosocomial infections. Personal protective equipment (PPE) compliance for health workers is an important aspec of infection control and prevention. The purpose of this study is to identify the developments of human factor design’s method and its effectiveness in increasing PPE compliance for health workers based on a literature review.Methods: The method used in this paper is a literature review. Data was taken through journals obtained by searching Garuda Ristekdikti, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Articles selected based on some criteria including: topics of PPE compliance among health workers at hospital, publication year 2012-2021, full text articles, and written in Indonesian or English.Results: Literature review of 6 articles, show that human factor design is one of the standard interventions that can be applied to improve the quality of human resources by considering 3 system domains including physical, cognitive, dan organizational. Increasing standard precautions and transmission through poster media, comprehensive education with edutainment videos, and controling by supervision can provide effectiveness in increasing PPE compliance for health workers in hospitals.Conclusion: It can be concluded that compliance with the use of PPE for health workers can be improved through human factor design program.
"Betterment Levy" sebagai Mekanisme "Land Value Capture" (LVC): Sebuah Kajian Konsep, Prosedur, dan Implementasi di Indonesia
Authors: Septiandiani Fadila
Published: June 2022

Land Value Capture (LVC) yang telah diterapkan di beberapa negara memberikan pelajaran bagi negara lain untuk dapat mencari alternatif pembiayaan infrastruktur berdasarkan nilai lahan. Salah satu mekanisme LVC yang dikembangkan adalah retribusi perbaikan. Berdasarkan nilai tanah sebelum dan sesudah perbaikan, retribusi perbaikan dapat mendukung pendapatan daerah dan sumber pembiayaan infrastruktur dengan syarat-syarat tertentu yang harus dipenuhi. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan konsep, prosedur, dan studi implementasi perbaikan retribusi di Indonesia dengan mengambil studi preseden di Kolombia dan Inggris. Dalam menjelaskan temuan, pendekatan tinjauan pustaka digunakan untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisis hal-hal teoretis dan praktis yang melingkupi topik tersebut. Pertama, tulisan ini akan menjelaskan teori LVC secara umum, kemudian mendeskripsikan studi perbaikan retribusi secara lebih spesifik. Dibantu oleh pengalaman dari 2 negara untuk memungkinkan studi banding. Hal ini penting untuk mengetahui kelebihan dan kekurangan penerapan di kedua negara. Kedua, studi pemanfaatan di Indonesia juga akan diuraikan. Temuan makalah menunjukkan bahwa beberapa prasyarat harus dipenuhi, mulai dari data referensi, metode penilaian, niat politik pemerintah, masukan kontekstual terkait proyek, survei kapasitas pembayaran masyarakat, serta kerangka kelembagaan dan dasar hukum yang jelas.
[RETRACTED] Pengaruh Internet Terhadap Intensi Migrasi Internasional Kaum Muda di Perdesaan (Studi Kasus di Desa Tambakasri)
Authors: Dewi Santy Paulla
Published: June 2022

RETRACTION TO:Prayitno, G., Nursaputra, Z. N., Subagiyo, A., & Wigayatri, M. (2021). Pengaruh Internet Terhadap Intensi Migrasi Internasional Kaum Muda di Perdesaan (Studi Kasus di Desa Tambakasri). TATALOKA, 23(2), 281-297. https://doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.23.2.281-297The article has been withdrawn at the request of the author.Reason:2019The published article was part of collaborative research from several authors, where the topic research came from the principal researcher, which was also part of his research roadmap. However, the principal researcher could not continue participating in the joint research because he was awarded a scholarship to study abroad. Afterward, the research was handled by the co-author.2020The research has been completed, and then compiles an article submitted to the Tataloka. The authors' composition of the articles sent to Tataloka did not mention the previous principal researcher because he was not involved in the research completion process and the preparation of the articles.2021:The article was published in Tataloka Vol. 23. No. May 2, 2021. In July, the previous principal researcher confirmed an objection to the published article. It was because the published material was part of his ongoing doctoral study. Therefore, based on COPE (Publication Ethics Committee) Retraction Guidelines, the published paper can be retracted if there are materials or data without permission to be used from the principal author.
Is Russian Aggression in Ukraine Ecocide?
Authors: Gardashuk Tetiana
Published: June 2022

The article is focused on the environmental consequences of the full-scale Russian aggression in Ukraine and the legality of characterizing them as ecocide. The discussion about ecocide started as a reaction to the environmental transformation during the Vietnam War (1966 –1971). It has shown the strong connection between the war and the crimes against the natural ecosystems and human environment that may have a genocidal effect on certain nations, ethnic or religious groups, etc.
Though the legal status of the crime of ecocide is still under the discussion at the international level, the very term ‘ecocide’ moved far beyond jurisprudence and became widespread in media, public opinion, and the different forms of activism. This is a departure point for informing about and estimating the destructive environmental consequences of the Russian aggression in Ukraine at both national and international levels.
Conflicto armado y desplazamiento forzado: un caso de migración forzada en Colombia
Authors: Prieto-Bustos William Orlando , Manrique-Hernández Johanna , Jaramillo-Cruz María Camila , Torres-Castiblanco Marlén Cecilia , Dueñas-Portes María Alejandra
Published: June 2022

Colombia has the highest number of people displaced by violence in the world. According to the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHRC), in 2017, 7.7 million people were registered as being internally displaced. Forced migration as a result of displacement caused by armed conflict, in a context of weak protection of the rights of the victim population and low-income generation, represents a challenge for social development, which is limited by high levels of poverty and income concentration. In particular, the territorialisation of the peace agreements is currently still under construction with serious difficulties in the security systems of social leaders and in improving economic opportunities in both legal and formal ways to counteract the damaging effects of criminal economies that are associated with illegal mining and drug trafficking. The research, conducted from the forced migration approach, contributes to building strategies from different areas, mainly from the institutional and labour market, to reduce the obstacles to the reintegration of victims into civil society through a public policy built based on citizen participation. In this sense, governance processes with citizen participation are situated in security concepts that encompass the State’s obligation to offer better income opportunities in legal economies, of protection of human and democratic rights, and consolidation of transitional justice mechanisms, which are a priority in the advance toward sustainable peace.
Localización del conflicto armado: el fenómeno paramilitar y las masacres
Authors: Manrique-Hernández Johana , Prieto-Bustos William Orlando
Published: June 2022

The armed conflict has multiple actors, the main ones being: guerrillas, paramilitaries and military. From the 80’s, the paramilitary conflict was successful and it had particular strength during the following decade, where one of the main victimizing acts were the massacres perpetrated in different municipalities of Colombia, some of them, more frequently in some departments that in others, mainly in Antioquia. Since the signing of the Justice and Peace Law with Law 975 of 2005, a process of demobilization of paramilitaries in Colombia took place, which resulted in the reduction of massacres. This chapter aims to make a descriptive review at the departmental level of the main victimizing facts of the paramilitary groups and their evolution after the approval of said law.
Determinantes de la migración forzada: una revisión crítica de literatura especializada
Authors: Manrique-Hernández Johana , Prieto-Bustos William Orlando
Published: June 2022

The determinants and consequences of migration and internal displacement have a significant impact on the design of a public policy aimed at taking advantage of the strengths of the migrant workforce to enhance the productivity and competitiveness of host economies. The determinants are associated not only with the social and economic conditions of the countries / regions of origin, but also with the specialized and non-specialized migration opportunities in the host countries / regions. Likewise, the effects of migration on the families of migrants in the countries of origin reveal the importance of remittances on the labor participation of wives and the leverage of self-employment projects in the countries of origin. On the other hand, the degree of flexibility of migration policies is an essential element to adequately address problems of xenophobia based on ethnic origin and religious beliefs. The chapter makes a critical review of literature on the determinants and consequences of organized migration to determine the state of the art in specialized literature on the effects of migration in host countries and/or regions.
El mercado laboral en Colombia y su impacto en las migraciones. El caso de las víctimas en Soacha
Authors: Manrique-Hernández Johana , Prieto-Bustos William Orlando , Jaramillo-Cruz María Camila , Torres-Castiblanco Marlén Cecilia , Dueñas-Portes María Alejandra
Published: June 2022

The municipality of Soacha is home to approximately 55,000 people displaced by violence, according to data from the last Dane’s census, Soacha is also one of the municipalities with the highest reception of displaced people and resources to assist them. Although, at the level of Cundinamarca, it is of the ones with the highest added value, it is also with the worst indicators on human development. The labor market is considered strategic for the inclusion of the affected population in society, as well as the solution to the problem of income generation, but likewise, the population faces a series of institutional and other obstacles, which does not allow them to be absorbed by the formal economy as expected. In this chapter, qualitative |quantitative methodologies are found in the framework of decent work policies, to diagnose the realities of this population.
THE EFFECTS OF INTRINSIC MOTIVATION SOURCES (RELIGIOSITY AND ALTRUISM) ON RATIONAL VOTING BEHAVIOR AND CONSUMER ATTITUDE
Authors: ÖZTÜRK KÜÇÜK Hilal , TAMER TOKLU İsmail
Published: June 2022

Voting behavior is a complex process and voters may be affected by lots of different variables. Religiosity
and altruism are some of these variables. The first aim of this study is to investigate the effects of intrinsic
motivation sources on rational voting behavior. The second is to analyze the impact of rational voting
behavior on consumer’s (voter) attitudes. The sample was chosen from voters living in Turkey. Using a
quantitative research model, data were gathered by a web-based online survey with 244 voters. Participants
were determined by the convenience sampling method. The research hypotheses were tested by PLS
Structural Equation Model. According to the findings of the research, while religiosity affects rational
voting behavior, altruism has no effect. There is an also effect of rational voting behavior on voter’s attitudes.
Lastly, rational voting behavior varies by gender and salary status. The findings may help the parties in their
decision process while preparing for elections.
THE NEXUS BETWEEN EMBODIED TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION AND PRODUCTIVITY: KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION
Authors: DURMAZ Cemil Faruk
Published: June 2022

This study examines embodied technology flows through intermediate good transactions between industries

in various economies and focuses on the ambiguity about their link to innovation. The model consists

of two equations measuring labor productivity and knowledge production, and knowledge production

is measured as the explanatory variable of productivity. We compare direct effect of embodied research

transfer on labor productivity through intermediate good transactions between industries and its indirect

effect via knowledge creation. We use input-output tables as a proximity mechanism for research capital

and utilize production function approach. Simultaneous equations results support the system we introduce,

indicating that both channels of embodied technology spillovers are significant. We observe that labor

productivity soars with direct and indirect utilization of technology transfer via knowledge production.
THE DISCURSIVE LEGITIMATION OF THE EU-TURKEY REFUGEE DEAL IN EUROPEAN POLITICAL DISCOURSE
Authors: TEKİN Beyza Çağatay
Published: June 2022

This study explores the legitimation strategies employed in European political discourse on EU’s migration

cooperation with Turkey. More specifically, this paper elucidates factors that shape argumentation in

European parliamentary debates on 18 March 2016 EU-Turkey Statement, also known as the EU-Turkey

Refugee Deal. Adopting an interdisciplinary research methodology rooted in Critical Discourse Analysis

and using analytical tools of Cognitive Linguistics, this study aims to provide empirical insights into the

legitimation of migration and asylum policies. This study connects to the growing body of literature on

discursive legitimation in an attempt to extend the existing set of categories of legitimation proposed in

earlier studies.
Self-effective scientific reasoning? Differences between elementary and secondary school students
Authors: Nyberg Kristin , Koerber Susanne , Osterhaus Christopher
Published: June 2022

Although scientific reasoning is not a formal, independent school subject, it is an increasingly important skill, especially for student learning in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) subjects. To promote scientific reasoning effectively, it is important to know its influencing factors. While cognitive influences have been investigated, affective-motivational factors, particularly self-efficacy, have rarely been considered in studies on scientific reasoning. To examine, for the first time, whether self-efficacy can be measured in a task-specific way and whether self-efficacy correlates with students’ scientific reasoning performance, the study assessed performance in scientific reasoning and self-efficacy (academic and task-specific) in a sample of 140 fourth graders and 148 eighth graders. As expected, higher correlations emerged for task-specific self-efficacy in both grades. A hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the correlational patterns were not the same across grade levels, with differences in self-estimated performance prevailing between the two grade levels: The largest cluster in Grade 4 (41%) comprised children who significantly overestimated their performance, whereas the largest cluster in Grade 8 (39%) comprised students who gave a realistic estimate of their own performance in scientific reasoning. This cluster was not present in Grade 4. Additional clusters of students who overestimated or underestimated their performance emerged in both grades. The results support the conclusion that self-efficacy expectations are important to consider when fostering scientific reasoning, and the large number of elementary school students who overestimated their performance suggests that not all students might benefit from interventions targeted at increasing self-efficacy.
Active versus resting neuro‐navigated robotic transcranial magnetic stimulation motor mapping
Authors: Kahl Cynthia K. , Giuffre Adrianna , Wrightson James G. , Kirton Adam , Condliffe Elizabeth G. , MacMaster Frank P. , Zewdie Ephrem
Published: June 2022

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) motor mapping is a safe, non‐invasive method that can be used to study corticomotor organization. Motor maps are typically acquired at rest, and comparisons to maps obtained during muscle activation have been both limited and contradictory. Understanding the relationship between functional activation of the corticomotor system as recorded by motor mapping is crucial for their use clinically and in research. The present study utilized robotic TMS paired with personalized neuro‐navigation to examine the relationship between resting and active motor map measures and their relationship with motor performance. Twenty healthy right‐handed participants underwent resting and active robotic TMS motor mapping of the first dorsal interosseous to 10% maximum voluntary contraction. Motor map parameters including map area, volume, and measures of map centrality were compared between techniques using paired sample tests of difference and Bland–Altman plots and analysis. Map area, volume, and hotspot magnitude were larger in the active motor maps, while map center of gravity and hotspot locations remained consistent between both maps. No associations were observed between motor maps and motor performance as measured by the Purdue Pegboard Test. Our findings support previous suggestions that maps scale with muscle contraction. Differences in mapping outcomes suggest rest and active motor maps may reflect functionally different corticomotor representations. Advanced analysis methods may better characterize the underlying neurophysiology of both types of motor mapping.
Health technology assessment to employ COVID-19 serological tests as companion diagnostics in the vaccination campaign against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Tomaiuolo Rossella , Restelli Umberto , Faggiano Francesco Cosimo , Di Resta Chiara , Al Bitar Nehme Sami , Giuliani Francesco , Derrico Pietro , Ricciardi Walter , Banfi Giuseppe , Ritrovato Matteo
Published: June 2022

Objectives

In scenarios of vaccine scarcity or contexts of organizational complexity, it is necessary to define prioritization strategies for allocating vaccine doses in compliance with the criterion of equity and efficiency of health resources. In this context, the COVIDIAGNOSTIX project, based on the health technology assessment (HTA), assessed the role of SARS-CoV-2 serological tests as a companion diagnostic in the definition of the vaccination strategies for the vaccine administration. To guarantee evidence support for health policy choices, two different vaccine strategies were analyzed, one based on administering the vaccine booster dose to the entire population (VACCINE strategy) and the other based on allocation criteria (TEST&VACCINE strategy).

Methods

The decision-oriented HTA (DoHTA) method, integrated with specific modeling and simulation techniques, helped define the perimeter to make health policy choices.

Results

The processing of the scores attributed to the key performance indicators concerning all the evaluation domains shows a performance of 94.34% for the TEST&VACCINE strategy and 83.87% for the VACCINE strategy.

Conclusions

TEST&VACCINE strategy can be the most advantageous in various scenarios due to greater speed from an operational and an economic point of view. The assessment schemes defined by COVIDIAGNOSTIX (i.e., technologies/intended use/settings) can easily and quickly be exported and adapted to respond to similar health “policy questions”.
Repository of intra- and inter-run variations of quantitative autoantibody assays: a European multicenter study
Authors: Dragon-Durey Marie-Agnès , Bizzaro Nicola , Senant Marie , Andreeva Hristina , Bogdanos Dimitrios P. , Bonroy Carolien , Bossuyt Xavier , Eriksson Catharina , Fabien Nicole , Heijnen Ingmar , Herold Manfred , Musset Lucile , Kuhi Liisa , Lopez-Hoyos Marcos , Berki Tímea , Roozendaal Caroline , Sack Ulrich , Sundic Tatjana , Taylor Lorna , Kuna Andrea Tesija , Damoiseaux Jan
Published: June 2022

Objectives

No reference data are available on repositories to measure precision of autoantibody assays. The scope of this study was to document inter- and intra-run variations of quantitative autoantibody assays based on a real-world large international data set.

Methods

Members of the European Autoimmunity Standardisation Initiative (EASI) group collected the data of intra- and inter-run variability obtained with assays quantifying 15 different autoantibodies in voluntary participating laboratories from their country. We analyzed the impact on the assay performances of the type of immunoassay, the number of measurements used to calculate the coefficient of variation (CVs), the nature and the autoantibody level of the internal quality control (IQC).

Results

Data were obtained from 64 laboratories from 15 European countries between February and October 2021. We analyzed 686 and 1,331 values of intra- and inter-run CVs, respectively. Both CVs were significantly dependent on: the method of immunoassay, the level of IQC with higher imprecision observed when the antibody levels were lower than 2-fold the threshold for positivity, and the nature of the IQC with commercial IQCs having lower CVs than patients-derived IQCs. Our analyses also show that the type of autoantibody has low impact on the assay’ performances and that 15 measurements are sufficient to establish reliable intra- and inter-run variations.

Conclusions

This study provides for the first time an international repository yielding values of intra- and inter-run variation for quantitative autoantibody assays. These data could be useful for ISO 15189 accreditation requirements and will allow clinical diagnostic laboratories to assure quality of patient results.
Linguistic synesthesia is metaphorical: a lexical-conceptual account
Authors: Zhao Qingqing , Ahrens Kathleen , Huang Chu-Ren
Published: June 2022

This study seeks to clarify the nature of linguistic synesthesia using a lexical-conceptual account. Based on a lexical analysis of Mandarin synesthetic usages, we find that (1) linguistic synesthesia maps the metaphorical meaning between two domains; and (2) linguistic synesthetic mappings and conceptual metaphoric mappings have similar behaviors when sense modalities are treated as conceptual domains that contain a set of mappings constrained by Mapping Principles. This lexical-conceptual account is designed to capture the fact that linguistic synesthesia involves mapping between lexicalized concepts of sensory properties, instead of the real-time sensory input that is processed in neurological synesthesia. The incorporation of a lexical semantic view with the framework of Conceptual Metaphor Theory not only offers a coherent and comprehensive account for the nature of linguistic synesthesia, but also handles aspects of linguistic synesthesia previously only accounted for by non-metaphorical accounts. These design features make this proposal the most comprehensive account to fit the current data. Furthermore, by showing linguistic synesthesia as a type of metaphor, our study strengthens the role of conceptual metaphors as the link between the perceived world and our conceptualization of that world.
Super-resolution optical microscopy using cylindrical vector beams
Authors: Liu Min , Lei Yunze , Yu Lan , Fang Xiang , Ma Ying , Liu Lixin , Zheng Juanjuan , Gao Peng
Published: June 2022

Super-resolution optical microscopy, which gives access to finer details of objects, is highly desired for fields of nanomaterial, nanobiology, nanophotonics, etc. Many efforts, including tip optimization and illumination optimization etc., have been made in both near-field and far-field super-resolution microscopy to achieve a spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit. The development of vector light fields opens up a new avenue for super-resolution optical microscopy via special illumination modes. Cylindrical vector beam (CVB) has been verified to enable resolution improvement in tip-scanning imaging, nonlinear imaging, stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, subtraction imaging, superoscillation imaging, etc. This paper reviews recent advances in CVB-based super-resolution imaging. We start with an introduction of the fundamentals and properties of CVB. Next, strategies for CVB based super-resolution imaging are discussed, which are mainly implemented by tight focusing, depletion effect, plasmonic nanofocusing, and polarization matching. Then, the roadmap of super-resolution imaging with CVB illumination in the past two decades is summarized. The typical CVB-based imaging techniques in fields of both near-field and far-field microscopy are introduced, including tip-scanning imaging, nonlinear imaging, STED, subtraction imaging, and superoscillation imaging. Finally, challenges and future directions of CVB-illuminated super-resolution imaging techniques are discussed.
Negativ privilegiert statt deklassiert
Authors: Rhein Philipp
Published: June 2022

Der Zusammenhang zwischen Ressentiments und Rechtspopulismus stellt sich empirisch anders dar, als häufig vermutet. Zu diesem Ergebnis kommt dieser Beitrag, der aufbauend auf Ergebnissen und Erfahrungen einer eigenen Interviewstudie mit AfD-WählerInnen und anhand exemplarischer Feldnotizen und Interviewpassagen die Bedeutung von Ressentiments bei RechtspopulistInnen untersucht. Ins Zentrum wird die ForscherIn-Beforschten Interaktionsschnittstelle gerückt. An ihr zeigt sich im Kern, dass AfD-WählerInnen weniger Deklassierungserfahrungen oder Abstiegserwartungen verarbeiten und solche Erfahrungen im Feld auch nicht in Gestalt von Ressentiments gegen den Forscher auftauchen. Vielmehr hegen sie einen Groll gegen die Erwartung, dass der Forscher dieses Deutungsschema anwenden könnte. Demgegenüber präsentieren sie ein Selbstbild, in dem vor allem ein Opfer- und Privilegierten-Selbstverständnis gleichermaßen eine Rolle spielen.
INNOVATION OF ELECTRONIC CONTROL OF THE AIR FOR THE FIREPLACE STOVE
Authors: Hykl Josef
Published: June 2022

The electronic air damper is a system used for automated control of air distribution in fireplaces without human intervention. It is designed to meet specified criteria, such as primary and secondary air distribution, environmental friendliness (design of environment), and easy replacement and services of functional parts (design of service). Conventional fireplace stoves can be regulated with primary and secondary air, which are controlled manually or in combination with an automatic damper. The average user is not able to tune the ratio of primary and secondary air in the ratio that has been tested in an official testing laboratory. Moreover, the average user is usually not even familiar with the terms secondary and primary air. It is necessary to innovate the air control system.
Antimicrobial activity of toothpastes against early childhood caries
Authors: Suetenkov Dmitry E. , Sukhorukova Maria D. , Petrova Anna P. , Sayutina Larisa V.
Published: June 2022

Objective: assessing antimicrobial activity of toothpastes with different ingredient composition recommended for infants and toddlers.
Materials and Methods. The study object was dental plaque of children with decompensated form of caries under the age of 3 years old. Seven toothpastes with different composition designed for early childhood were studied. Identification of detected microorganisms was carried out via mass spectrometry. Antibacterial activity was determined by agar diffusion and serial dilution methods.
Results. Toothpastes containing xylitol, lactic enzymes and ingredients of medicinal herbs exhibited the absence of a microbial growth inhibition zone. Fluoride toothpastes were active against all tested microorganisms, and the final fluoride inhibitory concentration was 0.00016-0.0025%, depending on the fluoride concentration in the toothpaste.
Conclusion. The least pronounced antimicrobial activity was detected in complex toothpastes with lactic enzymes and ingredients of medicinal herbs, as well as in samples with xylitol. Simple toothpastes with organic and inorganic fluorine compounds demonstrated the best bactericidal effect.
Performing reverse shoulder replacement in bone mass defects and deficiency of scapular glenoid fossa
Authors: Kesyan Gurgen A. , Karapetyan Grigory S. , Shuysky Artyom A. , Urazgildeev Rashid Z. , Arsenyev Igor G. , Kesyan Hovsep G.
Published: June 2022

Objective: development and efficacy assessment of the tactic of actions in reverse shoulder arthroplasty in bone mass defects and deficiency of the scapular glenoid fossa.
Materials and Methods. At the Division of Adult Orthopedics, N.N. Priorov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 6 patients with glenoid bone mass deficiency were subjected to the reverse shoulder arthroplasty: 4 of those received the replacement of marginal bone defects, whereas 2 subjects underwent the replacement of extensive bone defects.
Results. During the follow-up period of the operated patients, which lasted 6-24 months, good clinical, radiological and functional results were obtained. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications.
Conclusion. The proposed replacement method of glenoid defects in reverse arthroplasty exhibited high efficacy.
Research Progress on The Mechanism and Treatment of Inflammatory Response in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: ZHANG DONG , WU HUI , Liu Di , LI YUN ZHAO , ZHOU GANG
Published: June 2022

Acute myocardial infarction can be treated aggressively with intravenous thrombolysis, percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary artery bypass grafting; however, recanalization can cause myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). This is an important reason that restricts the treatment effect of patients. After the ischemic myocardium is restored to perfusion, an inflammatory response can occur within minutes and peak within a few days. Many pro-inflammatory cytokines can seriously damage cardiac function. Inflammation can regulate cardiomyocyte apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and necrosis, and is the main initiating factor leading to MIRI in cardiomyocytes.
This article reviews the mechanism of inflammatory response in the ischemia-reperfusion period after acute myocardial infarction and the clinical value and application prospect of inhibiting inflammatory response in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction.
Propuesta de medición y categorización de la ruralidad en Costa Rica
Authors: Chacón Orozco Esteban
Published: June 2022

Históricamente, la ruralidad ha estado relacionada con actividades económicas que dependen del uso de los recursos naturales y llevadas a cabo en lugares remotos. Adicionalmente, esta se ha visto cómo un concepto y un imaginario dependiente de lo urbano, ya que es solamente porque este no lo es; conceptos donde lo rural es explicado como lo restante, lo que empieza cuando lo urbano termina.

Es entonces a partir de estas premisas que este artículo hace un repaso sobre algunos trabajos que analizan la ruralidad, desde su definición conceptual, pasando por la evolución histórica de cómo se han estudiado y entendido las relaciones socioeconómicas de sus pobladores, hasta varias metodologías para procurar su medición y su clasificación.

A partir de esta revisión bibliográfica, se crea una propuesta propia sobre cómo sería una posible medición y categorización de lo rural y de lo urbano, incluyendo un enfoque geoespacial diferente. La propuesta adiciona una subcategoría que no ha sido observada por el autor en otros trabajos previamente realizados en la categorización de ruralidad.
Cobertura de suelo en La Paz, Piedades Norte, San Ramón, Alajuela, Costa Rica (2016 - 2017)
Authors: Sancho-Jiménez Luis Felipe , Brenes-Cambronero Liz
Published: June 2022

Se realizó el análisis cuantitativo de las variables cobertura de suelo y extensión de la propiedad en La Paz, Piedades Norte, San Ramón, Alajuela, Costa Rica. Se categorizó la información según cobertura natural y cobertura antrópica para lo cual se tomaron 461 puntos de comprobación de campo que fueron corroborados con el Mapa Catastral de San Ramón y la base de datos del Sistema Nacional de Información Territorial. Se analizaron fotografías aéreas para clasificar de forma semiautomática mediante el procesamiento de imágenes satelitales y la identificación de materiales en una imagen según sus firmas espectrales. Se utilizó una imagen Sentinel 2ª (2017). El procesamiento de imágenes y el análisis espacial se realizó mediante el software específico QGIS 2.14.13 © y su complemento Semi-Automatic Classification Plugin. Se creó un archivo ráster virtual con las bandas Sentinel 8, 4 y 3, y la herramienta “Construir Ráster Virtual”. Se determinaron regiones de interés (ROI) del complemento para ser clasificadas en macro clases acorde con el tipo de cobertura de suelo. Con los resultados se creó un ráster en el que los valores de los píxeles corresponden a los Clase ID y cada color representa una clase de cobertura del suelo. El área de estudio es de 2606,31 hectáreas de las cuales la cobertura natural alcanzó 66,54% mientras que la cobertura antrópica representa 33,45%.