bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nation-states in conditions of capitalist competition
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Chekulaev A. A. , Starostenko K. V. ,   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev
Published: November 2024

This article raises the issue of global competition between states and corporations as the most powerful subjects of world politics. The global crisis of capitalism, intensified by the global coronavirus pandemic, has naturally weakened the social foundations of many political regimes of nation-states. A new round of global competition between competing groups of financial capital has been set. The result of this competition may be a new global conflict, making it inevitable that many national states will participate in it.
Models of State-confessional relations: political and legal aspects
Authors:   Lukyanov Oryol Law Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, Vlasov V. V.
Published: November 2024

The author notes that since the end of the twentieth century, there has been a process of active «return of religion to politics». The article proposes a classification of models of the political and legal status of religious denominations, based on ensuring the right to freedom of conscience. Special attention is paid to state-confessional relations in the modern world. The optimal algorithm for using the potential of religious denominations to solve the problems of the modern Russian state is proposed.
A tree in the funeral rites of the Romanians (based on materials from Oltenia and the Timok Valley)
Authors:   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera) of RAS, Golant N. G.
Published: November 2024

Continued (beginning in the previous issue of Abyss magazine). In the second part of the article, the ritual semantics of the tree in the Romanian funeral rites, as well as its reflection in some ritual folklore texts, will be considered. The quoted folklore texts were recorded by Romanian and Serbian ethnologists and folklorists on the territory of Oltenia, Banat and Transylvania (Romania) and the Serbian part of the Timol valley. In addition, a comparison of the role of the tree in the rites of passage (funeral and wedding) of the Romanians and some neighboring peoples is made.
Historical and anthropological perspectives for studying the experience of repatriation of Russian Old Believers from Romania and Bulgaria to the USSR
Authors:   Moscow Art and Industrial Institute, Prigarin A. A. , Protasov E. D. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: November 2024

The article shows the main methodological possibilities of studying the past experience of the “return” of Russian Old Believers from Eastern Europe and their adaptation to the USSR in 1947. The results of a historiographical analysis of the development of this topic are demonstrated and its potential for studying the repatriation of communities, the formation of new qualities in these traditionalist cultures in Soviet realities. Particularly productive is the conceptual scheme of “double diaspora,” which is substantiated as a phenomenon that reflects the long-term residence of an ethno-confessional group in a foreign environment, and over time, the return of part of it to the boundaries of the historical metropolis.
Contacts of the Novosibirsk Old Believer community in the 1950-1960s with I.N. Zavoloko. New materials
Authors:   Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fursova E. F. , Golomyanov A. I. ,   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University
Published: November 2024

Research devoted to the figures of the Siberian Old Believers, their organizational role and influence on the religious identity of regional communities is becoming increasingly popular and can give ethnographers important results in terms of determining the mechanisms of communication of unregistered communities during the USSR. In 1986-2010, thanks to ethnographic expeditions of the Institute of Atomic Economy and Ethnography SB RAS, researchers were able to discover and then communicate not only with taiga hermits, but also with urban Old Believers-bespopovtsy, in this case, such a metropolis as Novosibirsk. The article makes an attempt, based on written sources (letter, rare publication, manuscript) and memoirs of Novosibirsk Old Believers of the Fedoseyevsk community of Novosibirsk, to identify the scale of influence of the personality of the Old Believer figure in the 1930-1980s. Ivan Nikiforovich Zavoloko. Exiled to Siberia in 1949-1958. I. N. Zavoloko played the role of a center of attraction for the Fedoseev Old Believers in the swampy Vasyugan region. The exiled Old Believer informed the villagers about the ideological and religious foundations of faith during the years of persecution during the so-called period. “Church reforms of Soviet power,” when the descendants of the Old Believers began to rapidly lose their cultural values.
Old Believers of the lower reaches of the Msta River in the 18 – 21 centuries: history and local memory
Authors:   Novgorod State United Museum-Reserve, Melnikov I. A.
Published: November 2024

The article contains historical information about the Old Believers of the lower reaches of the Msta River in the 18 – 20 centuries. Local communities played a significant role in the life of the Old Believers of the Novgorod province. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between religious dynamics and the characteristics of the economic life of the peasants in the region, as well as events related to the introduction of a system of military settlements in the first quarter of the 19th century. The final part of the article is devoted to the place of the Old Belief in the local memory of the modern population of the region, as well as its reflection in family legends. The article is based on archival sources and materials from field researches conducted by the author in 2010 – 2024.
The religious tradition of the Vyg Community in the collection of the Russian Museum of Ethnography
Authors:   Russian Museum of Ethnography, Chuvjurov A. A , Ostrovskii A. B. ,   Russian Museum of Ethnography
Published: November 2024

The article describes the collection of objects of traditional culture that existed among the inhabitants of the Vyg Old Believers community. The main attention is paid to subjects that embody the features of the religious tradition of the Old Believers. They are represented by the following products: cultic copper casting; wooden plastic with the plot “Golgotha Cross”, wall sheets with religious and edifying texts, and podruchniks. The most significant number of wooden plastic products, well-attributed, came from a well-known collector F.A. Kalikin in 1913. Objects of copper casting at the beginning of the XXI century were replenished by the private collection of geologist I. I. Krasnov transferred to the museum in 2016. The icon “Burning Bush” / “Our Lady of the Sign with the symbols of the Evangelists” can be attributed to the rare monuments of Vyg copper casting, where near the inscription pointing to the evangelist Mark, is depicted not a lion (so in the official Orthodox tradition), but an eagle.
The existence of lullabies in the childhood culture of the Old Believers-Lipovan
Authors:   ARAN (Moscow), Yezhova O. F.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the existence of lullabies in the community of Old Believers-Lipovans in diachronic and synchronic aspects on the basis of archival materials of the Tchaikovsky Moscow Art Museum and field materials of the author. The texts of lullabies are given, their figurative series and form are analyzed.
“Only an angel from heaven can dissuade them from delusion” (from the history of missionary interviews with Old Believers of Rykshinskaya volost)
Authors:   Herzen state pedagogical University, (St. Petersburg), Kozhurin K. Yа.
Published: November 2024

The author uses the example of the Old Believer community of the village of Bolshoy Pruzhinets to explore the history of the Orthodox mission among local Old Believers in the late XIX – early XX centuries. The article introduces new archival materials into scientific circulation, highlighting the situation of Old Believers in this region. The documentary corpus taken by the author as the basis of the study is a group of sources from the funds of the National Historical Archive of the Republic of Belarus (Minsk): the foundation of the Vitebsk St. Vladimir Brotherhood and the reports of the brotherhood, regularly published in the “Polotsk Diocesan Gazette”. Relying on published and unpublished sources, as well as on historiographical material, the author examines the fate of the Old Believers of the Rykshinskaya volost (Nevelsky uyezd) on the eve of the revolution of 1917.
The iconic nature of the philosophical text
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Zubova M. V.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the main aspects of the iconic nature of the text in philosophical creativity. The semantics and pragmatics of the philosophical text in their interrelation are investigated. The correlation of the author's and addressee's communicative activities in the process of creating the semantic field of a philosophical text is analyzed. The speech-thinking activity of the author of the philosophical text and its fundamental components are considered. It is revealed that a philosophical text cannot be reduced only to a sign system perceived by the addressee: the text is always placed in a certain socio-cultural context.
The influence of the Russian language on the development of the human brain
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Grishechkina G. Yu.
Published: November 2024

The article analyses the role of language in the development of human consciousness. The author shows the problem of language genesis as one of the aspects of anthropogenesis and the significance of different language models in this. The article analyses studies in linguistics, ethnography and philosophy of language. The author puts forward a hypothesis concerning the Russian language as the most complex in structural terms and its role in the development of the brain.
Negativity and Contemporary Social Philosophy: Towards the Quesiton of Critique’s Commodification
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Afanasov N. B.
Published: November 2024

The article concerns the problem of contemporary social and philosophical studies’ critical mapping in the framework of late capitalism cultural consumption. The author shows the uniqueness of actual social philosophy’s role. Its specific presupposes not only appeal to researchers but directly to the reading public, whose evaluation became an important factor supporting existing social order and constituting its trends. Reflexive nature of modernity, from the one hand, needs ongoing conceptual reframing, and, from the other hand, makes the society able – at least rhetorically – to change in the result of rational discussion on alternatives, possibilities, and problems. The article defines three historical stages in existence of social philosophy as philosophy for the society, specifically highlighting the complex nature of contemporary social thought. The latter, keeping in pace with its critical pathos, exists as a cultural consumable good of late capitalism; merges the negativity in relation to contemporaneity with the task of positive appeal to the society. In the conclusion the author dwells on some successful examples of this kind of merging in the works of modern theorists.
Hedonistic attitudes in the discussion of the problem of euthanasia: arguments for and against
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Firsova O. A. , Pantyukhin D. V. ,   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev
Published: November 2024

Issues of euthanasia are relevant, even if they act only as a topic for discussion in the medical, legal, religious and political communities. This problem requires a detailed study of all its aspects. Currently, medical university students express different opinions regarding the use of euthanasia by doctors in practical healthcare, but they clearly answer that this problem requires a specific legal framework.
The relationship between science and morality: a philosophical aspect
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Boyko A. A. , Studennikova V. S. ,   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the key problems and leading approaches to understanding the relationship between science and morality. The historical analysis of the change of the idea of ethical neutrality to the trend of moral conditionality of science is carried out. A philosophical analysis of the dichotomy, including freedom of scientific search and social responsibility of a scientist, led to the conclusion that any scientific research affecting the field of activity and interests of both the current and future generations should be subject to a transparent, comprehensive and broad discussion. The necessity of developing an ethical code of a scientist and ways of controlling scientific activity adequate to the current stage of development of science and society as a whole is substantiated.
The influence of spatial and temporal factors on the value consciousness of students
Authors:   State University of Management, Tazov P. Yu.
Published: November 2024

The spatial and temporal factors influencing the value consciousness of students are considered. Theoretical and methodological approaches to the temporal characteristics of values and meanings are analyzed. The author comes to the conclusion that the time perspective affects the formation of life goals and plans. As a social manifestation of temporality, uncertainty is considered as a socio-cultural phenomenon and its impact on the value consciousness of students. Uncertainty reflects the temporal aspects of the sociocultural sphere of society. It is proved that in conditions of uncertainty, a strategy of «social surfing» is formed, which is implemented in frequent changes of statuses and roles without deep identification with social structures. In this context, the time perspective is highlighted as a characteristic of the value consciousness of students, which also reflects the reaction of a social subject to a state of uncertainty. Digital communications are considered as a spatial factor in which virtual identity and virtual roles and related role dispositions are formed and constituted. The latter include a system of attitudes and values. The risks for the value consciousness of young people in the space of digital communications are highlighted.
M. O. Menshikov's proposals for changing the education system of the early 20th century and the possibility of their implementation in modern conditions
Authors:   Orel State University named after I. S. Turgenev, Sankova S. M.
Published: November 2024

This work presents the views of the famous Russian publicist of the late XIX – early XX centuries. Mikhail Osipovich Menshikov on the problems of the education system in the Russian state of the specified period. We have shown how, criticizing certain aspects of the educational system, Menshikov offered his own vision of the main components of the educational process, which have not lost their relevance to the present. The methodological principles of education proposed by Menshikov, which sounded utopian for their time, are already partially being implemented in modern conditions, and partially can be used to overcome the crisis of the domestic educational system.
The problem of lies and falsification in modern science
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Larina L. Yu. , Naletov Yu. A. ,   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the problem of professional honesty as one of the basic elements of professional ethics in science. It is shown that modern science, which is becoming more complex in all its aspects (knowledge, activity, social institution), creates favorable conditions for falsifications and lies. Attention is drawn to the difficulty of bringing researchers to legal responsibility for the deliberate distortion of scientific data and the results of scientific work. The emphasis is on the need to form social and professional responsibility among representatives of the scientific community.
Politics, memes and public consciousness: how internet jokes become a political instrument
Authors:   Orеl State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Konovalov A. S. , Zhdanov I. S. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management-Branch of RANEPA
Published: November 2024

This article examines the phenomenon of the meme, its history and application in the modern political sphere. Various technologies for the effective use of this instrument in political communication and communication with electors. There is also a review of the successful and unsuccessful use of political memes and analyzes a number of ethical dilemmas that arise.
The effectiveness of public administration in the Russian Federation: the essence, specifics and problems
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Starostenko K. V. , Chekulaev A. A. ,   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev
Published: November 2024

The article examines the issue of the effectiveness of public administration in Russia, analyzes the essence of this phenomenon, highlights its Russian specificity in historical retrospect, and also examines modern problems. According to the authors, a distinctive feature of public administration in Russia has always been the centralization of state power, which has contributed and contributes to improving the effectiveness of management.
Russian statesmen of Bessarabia after the collapse of the Russian empire
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Shornikov I. P.
Published: November 2024

At the beginning of the twentieth century, multiethnic Bessarabia became one of the pillars of the Russian state protection movement. Even after the lost war with Japan, during the revolution of 1905-1907, when the prestige of state power fell, there were no separatist tendencies in the border province. After the overthrow of the monarchy (1917), the population put up armed resistance to the Romanian troops introduced into Bessarabia. During the Civil War, representatives of the pre–revolutionary Bessarabian elite fought both on the side of the Bolsheviks – the central government of Russia, and as part of the white armies – under the slogans of restoring a united and indivisible Russia. On the Dniester, the whites and Reds tried to cooperate on a patriotic basis – in the fight against the Romanian occupiers. The personification of history allows us to reveal the origins and essence of the attempts of some figures of both camps to turn the Civil War into a Patriotic war.
“The Book of the Settlement of the Land” in Icelandic historiography of the 19th-21st centuries
Authors:   Sevastopol State University, Khlevov A. A. , Goubanov I. B. ,   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, RAS, Markelova O. A
Published: November 2024

The object of study in the article is the Icelandic “Book of the Settlement of the Land,” created in the 13th century, and the history of its study by humanities scholars in Iceland during the 19th-21st centuries. The initial settlement of Iceland is not only an object of interest for Icelandic science, it also has enormous symbolic and emotional importance for the bearers of modern Icelandic culture, therefore it has served as the theme of works of art and has become an integral part of the Icelandic national identity. The perception of the “Book of the Settlement of the Land”, as well as the icelandic sagas related to it textually, by the Icelandic scientific community of the 19th-21st centuries. can be described as a movement from unconditional acceptance on faith by the national romantics of the 19th century to increasingly growing skepticism in the 20th century, to recognition of its source study importance in the modern era - with the caveat that now other questions are being raised about this source. In modern Icelandic scholarship, it is impossible to single out any one dominant approach to the study of Old Icelandic prose; Cultural anthropology and “new textual criticism” are common, as are many interdisciplinary studies. However, in our opinion, insufficient attention has been and is being given to the study of Old Icelandic texts in a historical and ethnographic vein. This article opens a series of studies examining the “Book of the Settlement of the Land” and the corresponding sagas of the West Fjords mainly in the historical and ethnographic aspect, and the stories of each pioneer open up new aspects of this topic. When comparing the text of the “Book of the Settlement of the Land” with the texts of the icelandic sagas, in contrast to the established thesis that the “authors” of the sagas, using the brief information of the “Book of the Settlement of the Land,” composed the sagas themselves, we put forward the postulate that everything happened exactly the opposite.
"Spiritual Union" E.F. Tatarinova as the quintessence of Russian mysticism of the 19th century
Authors:   Orеl State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Korolev Y. A.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to one of the iconic mystical organizations in Russia in the 19th century – the “Spiritual Union” of E.F. Tatarinova, who combines the ecstatic practice of the serfdom, which is widespread among the people, with the spiritual insights of European Freemasonry. The article discusses the features of sectarian and Masonic doctrines and rituals, while revealing their inherent similarity. Revealing the negative nature of the attitude of Russian mystics towards the church and state, the author emphasizes the anti-Orthodox nature of mysticism and its social danger.
Bashkir collections of the Dashkovo Ethnographic Museum: features of acquisition, overview of items
Authors:   Institute for Ethnological Studies named after R.G. Kuzeev UFRC RAN, Makhmudov A. R.
Published: November 2024

This article examines the largest ethnographic collection on Bashkir culture, collected in the second half of the XIX – early XX century, stored in the collection of the Dashkovsky Ethnographic Museum (now the Russian Ethnographic Museum, St. Petersburg). The author's work with the funds and inventories of the museum showed that the formation of Bashkir collections began as a result of the transfer of exhibits from the First All-Russian Ethnographic Exhibition in Moscow in 1867. Replenishment of the funds was due to various donors, including scientists, local historians, teachers. In 1923, the museum received the items after the Bashkirs participated in the exhibition of the VDNH. In addition to the clothing material, ethnographic photographs were transferred to the museum. In general, a collection formed reflecting various aspects of the traditional culture of the Bashkir people. Unique, having no analogues in other museums, are elements of women's and men's clothing in a variety of options, hats, jewelry, shoes. Also in the museum's funds, there are valuable exhibits on economic activities, everyday life, musical instruments. The significance of the inventories of Bashkir collections is that they provide information not only about the names and places of purchase, but also the purpose of the items, manufacturing technology, methods of existence.
About human subjectivit
Authors:   Orel State Agrarian University named after N. V. Parakhin, Finogentov V. N. , Kononova E. S. ,   Orel State University named after I. S. Turgenev
Published: November 2024

In this article, we analyze the problem of human subjectivity. First of all, we give in it a preliminary description of our understanding of human subjectivity. Here we emphasize the fundamentally important fact that subjectivity is a fundamental and constitutive principle in man. It is also pointed out that the substantive and systemic characterization of human subjectivity is an extremely difficult research task. The assumption is formulated according to which difficulties in understanding human subjectivity are one of the reasons for the prevalence of the position of its denial. Further, the main types of denial of human subjectivity presented in the history of spiritual culture are critically discussed: naturalistic denial, theocentric denial, sociocentric denial. Special attention is paid in the article to the denial of human subjectivity, presented in the works of modern neuroscientists. In the conclusion of the critical part of the article, we give a brief analysis of the postmodern idea of the «death of the subject». The article also formulates and substantiates the assumption that the subjective principle in man is the creator, keeper and guardian of values and meanings.
Existential uncertainty: the Problem of Coping
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Zolotukhina-Abolina E. V.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the ways available in culture to cope with the radical uncertainty of people's social and personal lives, which receives a particularly vivid expression when looking into the future. The author develops the idea that uncertainty cannot be overcome by purely rational, in particular mathematical probabilistic methods, besides, none of the people living everyday life will resort to complex calculations based on huge information in a situation of an uncertain future. Practice has developed other ways to overcome fear and anxiety about the uncertainty of the future. The article shows that uncertainty is reduced by referring to various kinds of stable and recurring moments: stereotypes, norms, traditions, «reference narratives». But these external forms are complemented by a purely subjective, personal form – the construction of a project that forms a certain future, dismissing everything that does not correspond to the achievement of the goal.
The concept of the game in the philosophy of X-G. Gadamera
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev., Nozdrunov A. V. , Rodina V. A. ,   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev., Seregina T.V. ,   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev.
Published: November 2024

In his works X-G. Gadamer formulates a distinctive concept of understanding the phenomenon of the game. By considering it on three different levels, the philosopher attempts to purge it of subjective perception by presenting the game as a self-contained phenomenon, independent and in no need of a player. In turn, the player perceives the game at the hermeneutic level, placing it between two epistemological poles: «faith» and «understanding.» The intermediate state allows the philosopher to consider the game in the form of a dialogue, suggesting a question addressed to the interlocutor, and an answer as a response. However, the emergence of a «genuine» interlocutor is possible only when each of the participants plays «honestly.»
The ontology of the "obraz" and the image in the concept of icon-worship by John of Damascus
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Kovalеva E. V.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the conceptual analysis of the concepts of «obraz» and «image» applied to the Orthodox icon. The main subject of the study is the interpretation of their relationship in the icon worship theory of St. John of Damascus.
Reinterpretation of the concept of "alienation" in the philosophical anthropology of F. M. Dostoevsky
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Bogdanova M. A. , Omarov I. N. ,   Pyatigorsk State University
Published: November 2024

In Dostoevsky's philosophy, the reinterpretation of the classical concept of «alienation» is carried out, in other words its semantic expansion, enrichment, which is caused by the national-cultural, religious, historical originality of Russia, as well as the focus of Russian philosophical thought on anthropological topics. Alienation is analyzed by Marx in the optics of production and economic relations based on the exploitation of man by man, while alienation by Dostoevsky is seen sees as a consequence of man's falling away from the spiritual foundations set by religion. Both authors agree that modern society based on the domination of material interest, is inhumane, immoral and divided. According to the German philosopher overcoming alienation is believed to be possible through the establishment of a «kingdom of freedom» in which work will not be a way of enslaving a person, but a way of asserting his highest dignity. The possibilities of overcoming alienation were linked according to Dostoyevsky with the rejection of false consciousness, with the «return» of a person to the true Christian faith based on love for God.
THE ROLE OF ANIMATED VIDEOS IN ENHANCING PUBLIC SPEAKING EFFECTIVENESS
Authors:   Mariupol State University, Pavlenko Olena , Hrechukha Lesia ,   Cherkasy State Technological University
Published: November 2024

The paper examines how the current ability of creativity can authentically convey the technology-driven information to diverse audiences as well as explores its transformative impact on the presentation performances. The article gives a special emphasis on animated videos to testify their role in enhancing target audience's comprehension, clarity and overall experience. The authors focus on the two applications (www.renderforest.com and www.powtoon.com) that claim to be helpful examples of digital platforms to create funny and inspiring animated video scenarios as additional tools in making public speaking more engaging. On conducting a literature review and providing accounts of findings and analysis as well as peer-reviewed empirical studies on the problem in question, this paper explores how animated videos can engage audiences, reinforce key messages, explain abstract concepts, maintain attention, and establish a speaker’s credibility. Keywords: animated videos, visualization of information, visual presentation, visual aids, public speaking, audience engagement, information conveying, message reinforcement.
Ultrasound Sonography Features of the Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
Authors: Mohammadi Ebrahim , Taghizad Mozhgan , Valizadeh Neda
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The most frequent form of thyroid cancer (TC) is papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), which has been significantly increasing worldwide. This study aimed to determine the relative frequency of various sonographic PTC findings in the West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. Methods: In this retrospective study, the ultrasonic features of 67 patients with proven PTC, confirmed by pathology, were analyzed. The sonographic features were categorized into low-risk (hyperechoic echogenicity, macrocalcification, peripheral vascularity, puff appearance, spongy form nodule, comet tail shadowing) and high-risk (irregular margin, hypoechoic echogenicity, microcalcification, central vascularity, taller-than-wide shape, twinkling, two-lobe nodule, neck lymphadenopathy) PTC features. Results: The frequency of hypoechoic echogenicity was higher in both genders (81.8% in males and 72.5% in females) and among three groups of ages (P=0.55). Microcalcification had a higher frequency in both genders (65.4 in males and 65.5 in females) and in two age groups of 20-45 and more than 45 years (68.3% and 66.7%, respectively) (P=0.4 and P=0.99, respectively). Central vascularity was more frequent in men (61.5%), and peripheral vascularity was more frequent among females (57.1%) and in two age groups of 20-45 and more than 45 years (68.3% and 66.7%, respectively) (P=0.41). Also, taller-than-wide shape had a high frequency in males (20%). Sponginess, puff appearance, and comet tail had the same frequency among the three age groups. In the age group under 20 years, peripheral incomplete halo had a high frequency (17.8%). Discussion: The appearance of high-risk papillary carcinoma sonographic features is typical in PTC patients. Moreover, low-risk sonographic PTC features occur more often than expected in our patients. We can infer that the frequency of PTC ultrasonography features in the West Azerbaijan Province of Iran can be due to iodine deficiency due to being far from the sea and the lack of easy access to seafood.
Adiponectin and Paraoxonase-1 Correlation With Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Frame Count With Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon
Authors: Kabiri Matineh , Mashayekhi‐Sardoo Habibeh , Elyasi Sepideh , Shamsara Jamal , Dastani Mostafa , Mohammadpour Amir Hooshang
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) is an important angiographic entity, with no clear-cut etiology. The effects of adiponectin (APN) and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) have been proven in microvascular disease pathophysiology, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. The present study aimed to determine the correlation between APN and PON-1 and CSFP. Methods: Subjects who were undergone coronary angiography and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. The study subjects were divided into the following groups: 40 subjects without coronary artery disease (CAD) and CSFP, 22 patients without CAD but with CSFP, 29 patients with CAD < 50% and without CSFP, 22 patients with CAD (50-90%) but without CSFP and 16 patients with CAD and CSFP. Coronary flow rates of the participants with slow flow diagnosis were determined by thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count method. The serum levels of APN and PON-1 were measured by ELISA kit. Results: There were no significant differences between groups in serum levels of APN. No significant correlation was observed between APN serum concentration and corrected TIMI frame count (TFC) (r=0.17, P=0.29). The PON-1 serum concentration in patients with CAD (50-90%) and without CSFP was significantly lower than the other groups (P<0.01). There was a near significant correlation between PON-1 serum levels and corrected TFC in left anterior descending coronary artery (r=0.32, P=0.08). Discussion: The present study has demonstrated no significant correlation between the serum concentration of APN and PON-1 and corrected TFC, so we need more extensive studies in this regard with larger sample size.
The Response of Some Apoptotic Markers to Exercise Rehabilitation and Electrical Stimulation in Infarcted Rats
Authors: Khansooz Mojtaba , Malekipooya Mohammad
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Apoptosis or scheduled death is an active and reversible biological process that plays a vital role in balancing cell growth and death in different tissues, particularly myocardial tissue in infarct patients. This research examined some of the apoptosis indices responses to an acute rehabilitation exercise (EX) and electrical stimulation (ES) in induced myocardial infarcted (MI) Wistar rats. Methods: In this experimental case-control study, 55 induced-MI Wistar rats (8 weeks old, mean weight: 220±30 g) were randomly assigned into 5 groups: Healthy, EX, exercise+ES, only ES and control group. The infarction was induced 24 hours after the subcutaneous injection of 150 mg/kg of isoproterenol. The EX and exercise plus ES groups performed a session of endurance exercise on an animal treadmill at 20 m/min for 1 hour. The ES was delivered by foot shock, set with an intensity of 0.2-0.5 mA for 20 minutes. Immediately after the cessation of the treatment protocol, cytochrome-C (Cyt-C), caspase-3 (CASP3), and CASP8 levels were measured by the ELISA method. Data analysis was performed using a 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the significance level was set at α=0.05. Results: Two-way ANOVA showed that the intervention in the infarction samples caused significant changes in the marker serum levels (P=0.0001). However, the procedure did not show significant changes in serum Cyt-C levels (P<0.05). Also, significant differences were observed in serum CASP8 concentrations between the MI, MI+EX+ES (P=0.02), MI+ES, and MI+EX+ES (P=0.02) groups. In addition, acute sports rehabilitation causes a significant decrease in CASP3 concentration among MI+EX and MI+EX+ES groups (P=0.01). Discussion: Exercise and ES decrease the serum levels of research CASP and reducing apoptosis favors the rehabilitation of MI samples.
Hematological Indicators as Prognostic Factors for COVID-19 Mortality: Exploring Anemia and Systemic Inflammation
Authors: Teremmahi Ardestani Majid , Najafi-Asl Majid , Bolboli Zade Pedram , Norouzian Marzieh
Published: November 2024

Objectives: In this study, we investigated whether hematological indicators of anemia and systemic inflammation at admission could be a prognostic indicator for hospital mortality of patients with COVID-19. Methods: In this retrospective study, the hematological and inflammatory parameters of 201 patients with COVID-19 were evaluated from June 2020 to October 2021. The associations of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and lymphocyte-to-CRP (LCR) with disease severity and mortality were assessed. Moreover, the presence of autoantibodies in serum patients was analyzed using an indirect antiglobulin test (AIT). Results: In comparison to non-ICU-admitted patients, results demonstrated that ICU patients had higher levels of CRP, NLR, PLR and a lower percentage of lymphocyte and LCR within 24 hours of admission, and all patients had negative indirect AIT. High levels of NLR, PLR, and low levels of LCR showed a significant risk for mortality in patients with COVID-19 with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.967 (95% CI, 1.061%, 3.645%; P=0.032), 1.026 (95% CI, 1.007%, 1.045%) and 1.001 (95% CI, 1.000%, 1.002%), respectively. Also, in ICU-admitted patients, low Hb combined with high RDW predicted mortality with HRs of 3.229 (95%CI, 1.637%, 6.366%) and 4.038 (95% CI, 1.824%, 8.937%, P=0.001), respectively. Discussion: Altogether, the results of this study underline the potential prognostic value of NLR, PLR, LCR, and anemia in COVID-19 patients. However, the study results should be confirmed in a larger sample or prospective clinical study.
Fluoroscopy and Radiation Safety
Authors: Moallemy Abbas , Abdollahzadeh Baghaei Alireza
Published: November 2024

A fluoroscope is one of the medical equipment used in various medical specialties. X-rays are used to create images in the fluoroscope. However, x-rays are among the types of ionizing radiation and can harm the human body. Therefore, compliance with radiation safety tips is essential for the health of physicians, personnel, and patients. Most of the radiation physicians receive is scattered from the patient, the bed, and the environment. The harmful effects of radiation can be reduced to a large extent by observing 3 main points: reducing the exposure time, increasing the distance to the source, and using fixed, mobile, and personal shielding. On the other hand, with the correct use of the fluoroscope, protection can also be increased. Also, with periodic dosimetry, the amount of radiation received by physicians and staff can be monitored, and radiation received above the permissible limit can be prevented. In the case of children and pregnant women, it is more important to observe safety tips against radiation.
Investigating the Location and Types of Aspirated Foreign Bodies in the Airway of Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Samarei Reza , Mohammadpour Ali
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Foreign body aspirations (FBAs) comprise the majority of accidental childhood deaths. The present study aimed to investigate the location and types of aspirated foreign bodies in hospitalized patients’ airways. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the medical records of all consecutive patients with a primary diagnosis of FBA were reviewed retrospectively from 2019 to 2022. We extracted demographic profile (age and gender), type of aspirated foreign body, clinical manifestation at the time of presentation, clinical signs according to physical examination, and the time duration between presentation to hospital and removal of aspirated foreign body. Results: Of 101 patients, 65 were male, and most were under 4 years old. Nuts (53.5%) and organic bits (30.7%) were the most common aspirated foreign bodies. The bronchus (69.4%) was the most common location of aspirated foreign bodies. Most of the organic pieces (96.8%) and nuts (87%) were seen in the age group below 4 years old and also most of the cases of plastic pieces were related to children aged 4 to 18 years (P<0.001). Cough and shortness of breath (68.3%) were the most common clinical complaints. Most patients with FBA in the trachea (65%) and bronchus (74%) had a normal clinical examination and a significant difference was observed between the clinical signs and location of the foreign body (P<0.001). Fifty-four patients (53.5%) underwent foreign body intervention and removal less than 24 hours after aspiration. Discussion: A high frequency of FBA in children, especially in infants and toddlers, is due to starting feeding. It is very important to consider the differences in the types and locations of the aspirated object. Therefore, early rigid bronchoscopy is effective for inhaled foreign body removal with fewer complications.
Mapping a Nanomedical Thematic Network in Breast Cancer: Text Mining Approach
Authors: Latifi Masoomeh , Hani Tabaei Zavareh Mohsen , Abdolahi Mitra , Maraki Fatemeh , Bagheri Ghalehsalimi Amin , Allahbakhshian Leili
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Today, the use of nanotechnology in medical practice is increasingly growing. One of the practical aspects of nanomedicine is its use in breast cancer. Using text mining techniques, analysis of research in this field will help draw its thematic network and discover the main thematic areas under study. Methods: This research was conducted using the text mining method in January 2022. The present study population consisted of scientific articles on breast cancer by researchers in the field of nanomedicine that have been published in scientific journals around the world, and their bibliographic information has been indexed in the Medline database. A total of 838 records were recovered in this research. Data analysis was done using VOSviewer software, version 1.6.17. Results: Based on the thematic network obtained from the analysis of the titles and abstracts of the studied documents, concepts such as paclitaxel, patient, Michigan Cancer Foundation (MCF), poly, imaging and toxicity are among the most widely used research topics in the field of nanomedicine in breast cancer internationally. The study of the thematic network at different periods shows changes in the concepts related to this field. "MCF," "poly," "imaging" and "toxicity" concepts were the most active subject areas in 2019-2021, but "paclitaxel" and "patients" concepts were the most active in 2015-2018. Discussion: The textual analysis clearly shows that nanomedicine in breast cancer has become more of a treatment than a diagnosis, and in the near future, researchers will focus on the fundamental goals of breast cancer treatment and ways to deal with it.
Required Capabilities for Employee-Driven Innovation to Emerge in Healthcare Organizations Comment on "Employee-Driven Innovation in Health Organizations: Insights from a Scoping Review"
Authors: Belrhiti Zakaria
Published: November 2024

Employee-driven innovation (EDI) is still under-researched in health policy and system research, particularly in lowand middle-income countries. EDI is recognized as a lever to improve the commitment of health workers, promote quality of care, and contribute to creating value and transforming healthcare practices, services, structures, and processes. The mechanisms underlying the emergence of EDI processes and outcomes include core capabilities to cope with complexity, building spaces for learning, fostering sense-making and sense-giving, and collective problem-solving. The development of such capabilities depends on organizational and individual conditions. Organizational capabilities include complex leadership, trust management practices, task complexity, and the availability of slack resources. Individual capabilities comprise capabilities to cope with complexity, such as sense-making, autonomy, system thinking, and adaptive learning. The sustainability of EDI depends on local ownership and frontline employees’ involvement during problem definition, innovation design, and implementation.
LAİKLİK, DİN VE CUMHURİYET HALK PARTİSİ ÜZERİNE TARİHSEL AÇIDAN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR ANALİZ
Authors: Baş Fatih
Published: November 2024

Türkiye’de din ve laiklik konusu sürekli bir tartışma alanı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Laikliğin ülkemizde daha çok katı Fransız (jakoben) tipi laiklik olarak uygulanması ve dinin kamusal alanda önemli ölçüde sınırlandırılması bu tartışmaların canlılığını korumasına neden olmuştur. Buna karşın ülkemizde son yıllarda katı laiklik anlayışından daha esnek İngiliz tipi (anglo-sakson) laiklik anlayışına doğru bir geçiş dikkat çekmektedir. Bu minvalde CHP’nin de katı laiklik söylemlerinden daha esnek laiklik söylemlerine doğru bir dönüşüm geçirdiği görülmektedir. Gelinen noktada bu makalenin konusu Türkiye’de laikliğin en önemli temsilcilerinden olan Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi’nin din ve dindarlarla ilişkisini geçmiş (1930-2010) ve günümüz CHP’si (2010-2024) çerçevesinde analiz etmektir. Makalenin amacı ise CHP’nin laiklik anlayışındaki dönüşümü incelemek, geçmiş ve günümüz arasında din ve dindarlara yaklaşımını birtakım hususlar üzerinden mukayeseli şekilde ele almaktır. Makalede nitel yöntem olarak belge tarama ve doküman analizi metodu kullanılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda çalışmada partinin resmi açıklamalarından, raporlardan, gazete haberlerinden, basına verilen mülakatlardan yararlanılmaktadır. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre CHP’nin ortaya koyduğu güncel form geçmişe göre daha ılımlı, uyumlu ve esnek bir anlayışı yansıtmaktadır. Yine çalışmadan çıkarılan bir sonuca göre CHP’nin özellikle yönetimsel bazda son yıllarda sergilemeye çalıştığı bu form, din ve dindarlar ile yeni ve zorunlu bir toplumsal ve siyasal uzlaşma sürecine işaret etmektedir. Çalışmada görüldüğü kadarıyla uzun yıllardır muhalefette yer alan CHP için laiklik anlayışı dindar toplum karşısında zaruri bir yenilenme ve değişim ihtiyacı yaşamıştır. Bunun içinde güncel CHP yönetiminin dindarların temel hak ve hürriyetlerine dönük siyasal, hukuki, dinî ve toplumsal mesajlar verdiği görülmüştür
Demokrat Parti Döneminde Kalkınma Söylemi ve Zafer Gazetesi
Authors: Bendaş Kadir , Alanka Ömer
Published: November 2024

Demokrat Parti hem muhalefet yıllarında hem de iktidar yıllarında bir propaganda aracı olarak en çok ekonomiyi kullanmıştır. Özellikle kalkınma söylemi Demokrat Parti’nin kendi kitlesiyle kurduğu iletişimde en önemli unsurların başında gelmiştir. Demokrat Parti’nin sözcülüğünü yapan Zafer gazetesi ise Demokrat Parti’nin kalkınma konusundaki söylemlerini sık sık birinci sayfasından coşkulu bir şekilde vermeye çaba göstermiştir. Bu bağlamda Demokrat Parti’nin en büyük destekçilerinden birisi Zafer gazetesi olmuştur. Yapılan bu çalışmada Demokrat Parti döneminde yaşanan siyasi olaylar ele alınmış ve ekonominin bu siyasi olaylar üzerindeki etkileri sorgulanmıştır. Bu bağlamda Demokrat Parti’nin özellikle basın yoluyla ekonomik kalkınma konusunda yapmış olduğu ideolojik söylemler Teun Adrian Van Dijk’ın eleştirel söylem çözümlemesi yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada 1957-1960 yılları arasında yayımlanan Zafer Gazetesi nüshalar incelenmiş ve örneklem olarak 3 adet gazete seçilmiştir. Yapılan analizler neticesinde ekonomi ile ilgili haberlerin ideolojik bir şekilde kurgulandığı ve haberlerin kendi gerçek bağlamlarından koparıldığı görülmüştür. Haberlerde genel olarak ideolojik biçimde kutuplaştırıcı bir dil kullanılmış ve haberler “biz” ve “onlar” şeklinde ayrıştırıcı bir üslupla verilmiştir. Kalkınma söylemi DP’nin ekonomik ve siyasi olarak kötü gidişatını gizleyen bir ideolojik söyleme dönüştürülmüştür.