bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative and phylogenetic analysis of the complete chloroplast genome sequences of Allium mongolicum
Authors: Jin Yanan , Zhang Ting , Liu Binke , Zheng Chengzhong , Huo Hongyan , Zhang Jixing
Published: December 2022

Allium mongolicum Regel is a wild and sandy vegetable with unique flavours. In this study, a complete chloroplast (cp) genome of A. mongolicum was obtained (Genbank accession number: OM630416), and contained 153,609 base pairs with the GC ratio as 36.8%. 130 genes were annotated including 84 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA, and 8 rRNA genes. The large single-copy (LSC) region was 82,644 bp, and a small single-copy (SSC) region was 18,049 bp, which were separated by two inverted repeats (IRs, including IRa and IRb) of 26,458 bp. Comparative genome analyses of 55 Allium species suggested that genomic structure of genus Allium was conserved, and LSC and SSC regions were outstanding with high variability. Among them, more divergent loci were in the SSC region covering ycf1-rrn4.5 and ndhF-ccsA. Phylogenetic analysis on cp genomes of 55 Allium determined that all members were clustered into 13 clades, and A. mongolicum had close relationship with A. senescens. Corresponding analyses of four protein-coding genes (ycf1, ndhF, rpl32, and ccsA) in aforementioned divergent loci confirmed that ycf1 was finally chosen as the candidate gene for species identification and evolutionary classification of genus Allium. These data provide valuable genetic resources for future research on Allium.
Enhanced CO oxidation with cobalt-impregnated porous single-crystal manganese oxides
Authors: Yu Huayu , Yi Lei , Jiang Fukuan , Wang Xin , Xie Kui
Published: December 2022

In this work, Mn2O3, Mn3O4 and MnO single crystals are prepared by using MnCO3 as the precursor. In addition, Co element is loaded on the three manganese oxide single crystals for the CO oxidation reaction.
A comparative performance evaluation of imputation methods in spatially resolved transcriptomics data
Authors: Avşar Gülben , Pir Pınar
Published: December 2022

Spatially resolved transcriptomics have a sparse structure and the selection of the imputation method should be done by a detailed evaluation.
Antiferromagnetic skyrmion-based high speed diode
Authors: Bindal Namita , Raj Ravish Kumar , Kaushik Brajesh Kumar
Published: December 2022

An AFM skyrmion based diode is designed using a staircase notch region at the middle of the nanotrack. The notch region induces the change in potential energy and acts as a barrier, thus allowing the unidirectional motion of the skyrmion.
Divergent synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes via FeIII-catalysed regioselective dehydrogenative coupling reactions: a biomimetic approach to 6,6′-bis-(debromo)-gelliusine F
Authors: Wu Yan , Liu Mou-De , Wang Qing , Tian Huan , Fan Jin-Bao , Zhou Ying-Jun , Wang Ya-Jing , Deng Xu
Published: December 2022

An FeIII-catalyzed divergent and regioselective dehydrogenative coupling reaction of readily available tryptamines to efficiently access 2,8′- and N1,8′-bisindoles is reported.
Co3O4@chitosan/La2O3 nanocomposites as innovative, powerful, and recyclable nanocatalysts for sonochemical treatment of benzyl alcohols to obtain the corresponding benzaldehyde derivatives
Authors: Javidfar Fereshteh , Fadaeian Manoochehr , Safaei Ghomi Javad
Published: December 2022

Sustainable synthesis of a novel Co3O4@Cs/La2O3 as a nanocatalyst for oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde has been developed.
Covalently linked benzothiadiazole-fullerene adducts for organic optoelectronic devices: synthesis and characterization
Authors: Appavoo Divambal , Bhardwaj Komal , Singh Samarendra P. , Koukaras Emmanuel N. , Kumar Rachana , Lochab Bimlesh
Published: December 2022

Covalently-bonded acceptor and donor units: Tuning the properties of benzothiadiazole-based fullerene moleculesviadifferent chemistries.
Achieving vibrational energies of diatomic systems with high quality by machine learning improved DFT method
Authors: Yang Zhangzhang , Wan Zhitao , Liu Li , Fu Jia , Fan Qunchao , Xie Feng , Zhang Yi , Ma Jie
Published: December 2022

By systematically correcting the calculation errors through machine learning, the accuracy of the diatomic vibrational energy prediction based on typical DFT methods has been improved by order of magnitude.
Rectification of confined soft vesicles containing active particles
Authors: Gandikota M. C. , Cacciuto A.
Published: December 2022

The shape fluctuations of two dimensional flexible vesicles containing active Brownian particles can squeeze a vesicle through narrow openings. They enable vesicle rectification when placed within asymmetric confining channels (ratchetaxis).
Cellular structured Cu2Sn0.8Co0.2S3 with enhanced thermoelectric performance realized by liquid-phase sintering
Authors: Gu Yan , Ai Wen , Chen Jiaxin , Zhao Anqi , Hu Xiaohui , Zong Pengan , Pan Lin , Lu Chunhua , Wan Chunlei , Wang Yifeng
Published: December 2022

Sn-assisted liquid phase sintering was adopted to form band barriers and dislocation arrays, making low-energy carriers and phonons scatter in the cellular structured Cu2Sn0.8Co0.2S3, and a record-high ZT value of 1.03 at 773 K was obtained.
Solid polymer electrolytes of ionic liquids via a bicontinuous ion transport channel for lithium metal batteries
Authors: Cho Won-Jang , Cho Seok-Kyu , Lee Jun Hyuk , Yoon Jeong Hoon , Kwon Sangwoo , Park Chanui , Lee Won Bo , Yoo Pil J. , Lee Minjae , Park Sungkyun , Kang Tai Hui , Yi Gi-Ra
Published: December 2022

Polymer electrolytes with bicontinuous nanostructures for lithium metal batteries were prepared by UV-polymerization of hydrophobic domains in microemulsions of ionic liquids, amphiphilic ionic liquids, lithium salts and monomers.
A hybridization cage-confinement pyrolysis strategy for ultrasmall Ni3Fe alloy coated with N-doped carbon nanotubes as bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts for Zn–air batteries
Authors: Yan Qi , Duan Xinde , Liu Yang , Ge Fayuan , Zheng Hegen
Published: December 2022

An ultrasmall bifunctional catalyst with excellent ORR and OER properties was achievedviahybridization cage-confinement pyrolysis strategy, and shows a wide prospect for rechargeable Zn–air batteries.
Lived experiences of black women pursuing STEM in UK higher education
Authors: Inyang Deborah , Wright Jacob
Published: December 2022

Black students and researchers in higher education (HE) face scarcity of relatable role models in STEM subjects. Black women are under-represented in STEM and their outlook is under-researched. We undertook this project to understand the perspectives and challenges of black women in STEM HE. This qualitative research identified themes from semi-structured interviews of self-identified black female students and academics in UK HE. Black women face challenges due to both sexism and racism in academia, and under-representation in STEM subjects leads to isolation. Role models, mentors and academic support networks can be a source of inspiration and facilitate career progression.
The ultraluminous X-ray source M 81 X-6: a weakly magnetised neutron star with a precessing accretion disc?
Authors: Amato R. , Gúrpide A. , Webb N. A. , Godet O. , Middleton M. J.
Published: December 2022

Context. Thanks to their proximity, ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) represent a privileged astrophysical laboratory to study super-Eddington accretion. Current open questions concern the nature of the compact object, which is still hard to determine in those cases where pulsations are not directly detected, and the mechanisms responsible for the spectral changes observed in many ULXs.

Aims. We investigate the nature of the ULX M 81 X-6, which has been suggested to harbour a neutron star (NS), by studying its long-term X-ray spectral and temporal evolution, with the goal of assessing the astrophysical phenomena responsible for its spectral changes.

Methods. Using the rich set of available archival data from XMM-Newton, Chandra, NuSTAR, and Swift/XRT, we tracked the evolution of the source on the hardness-intensity diagram and inferred the different emitting regions of the system and their geometry, as well as the mechanisms responsible for the spectral transitions.

Results. We find that the source oscillates between two main states: one characterised by a hard and luminous spectrum and the other at low hardness and luminosity. The properties of the soft component remain constant between the two states, suggesting that changes in the mass-transfer rate are not driving the spectral transitions. Instead, the bi-modal behaviour of the source and the known super-orbital period would point to the precession of the accretion disc. Here, we tested two theoretical models: (1) Lense-Thirring precession, which can explain the super-orbital period if the NS has a magnetic field B ≲ 1010 G, supporting the idea of M 81 X-6 as a weakly magnetised NS, and (2) precession due to the torque of the NS magnetic field, which leads to B ≳ 1011 G. However, the latter scenario, assuming M 81 X-6 shares similar properties with other NS-ULXs, is disfavoured because it would require magnetic field strengths (B > 1015 G) much higher than those known for other pulsating ULXs. We further show that the contribution from the hard component attributed to the putative accretion column sits just below the typical values found in pulsating ULXs, which, together with the low value of the pulsed fraction (≤10%) found for one XMM-Newton/pn observation, could explain the source’s lack of pulsations.

Conclusions. The spectral properties and variability of M 81 X-6 can be accounted for if the accretor is a NS with a low magnetic field. Under the hypothesis of Lense-Thirring precession, we predict a spin period of the NS of a few seconds. We encourage future X-ray pointed observations to look for pulsations and/or spectral signatures of the magnetic field.
An integrated Hardware/Software Verification and Validation methodology for Signal Processing Systems
Authors: Venugopal Manokar , Nanda Manju , Anand G. , Chandana Voora Hari
Published: December 2022

The testing and validation services team assesses project deliverables at various stages of development using innovative and effective verification and validation, to ensure that the deliverables are compliance with the customer specifications and requirements. Whenever new products and devices are released, completely integrated verification and validation services are delivered to accurate and complete records usability, performance, and quality assurance services. Throughout the product development and testing process, the testing and validation services team employs verification and validation techniques. Code reviews, walk through, inspections, desk-checking, and code execution are all examples of verification and validation techniques. Services for verification and validation are used to assess whether or not the software or application provided complies with the requirements and serves the intended purpose. A procedure used to ensure that the software created is of good quality and consistently operates as expected is independent testing and validation services. Unit testing (also known as “White Box Testing”), hardware-software integration testing (HSIT), and system testing are the three primary independent verification and validation approaches (Black Box Testing). The teams responsible for the verification and validation services actively participate in each stage of the project and design the services according to the project’s needs (e.g., prototype, spiral, iterative, V Model, and Agile). Our expertise in the embedded domain, tried-and-true verification and validation techniques, and a thorough methodology provide a quick turnaround and excellent results for the targeted solution.

Independent Verification and validation services covering

Source code, design, and requirements

White box testing, or unit testing

Testing for hardware-software integration

Black box testing, or system testing

To reduce test cycle-time significantly on test Automation solutions.

Verification and validation techniques can be used to effectively and efficiently carry out stress and performance tests, and to detect defects early in the life cycle.

Documentation of test process.

Liaison and Certification
Challenges in Low-Level Integration Testing of T2080 in Integrated Modular Architecture
Authors: Venthan K. Ezhil , Nanda Manju , Monisa M. , Anand G.
Published: December 2022

The aircraft’s mission system is subject to continual revision by removal or obsolete upgrades. In addition to user and integration requirements, security considerations have become a major driving force in the design of today’s avionics systems. To achieve this, system design uses functional risk analysis and abstract system description to provide a coherent design that meets certification needs. The objective of the study was to spot evaluation criteria that may allow developers and certification bodies to gauge specific real-time security-critical software development tools from a system security perspective. The report clarifies the context of software development tools in relevancy current aeronautical systems certification guidelines. Research efforts continue in two directions: (1) collecting data on instrument quality assessment efforts to consider possible future revisions of existing guidelines, and (2) create a classification for evaluating software development tools by identifying tool categories, characteristics, concerns, factors, and evaluation methods. The topic report has four components: (1) industry perspective, (2) expertise, (3) quality assessment, and (4) instrumental assessment. Data collected from the industry influences the assessment process and recommendations for development tooling practices. Several methods of instrument evaluation are described. The report presents the different types of tools identified during the research. This classification is prohibited within the scope of studies directed by DO-178C DAL standard. Finally, the report defines the tool evaluation structure and organization.
Design and Development of Flight Data Visualization Tool for Post Flight Analysis
Authors: Ranjan Shashi , Anand G. , Nanda Manju , Lakshmi S. Jyothi
Published: December 2022

Data Analysis and Visualization play a significant role today. The data represented graphically are more attractive and easily understandable. The paper aims to describe the design and development cycle of a flight data visualization tool. This tool facilitates a graphical analysis of critical flight parameters, which aids in deciding the upcoming operation during the testing stage. Data has always been a constant element in every field of work. Data analysis has evolved from manual to computational methods in recent years and is widely used for pre and post-research purposes. To achieve high accuracy and fast computation, high-level programming languages produce graphical data within a smaller framework of time, enabling quick analysis.
Performance Comparison of Five-Level Active Neutral Point Converter Based on Phase Disposition-PWM and Alternate Phase Opposition Disposition-PWM
Authors: Ameer Noory Zainab , Hassan Raaed. F.
Published: December 2022

The work in this paper presents the performance analysis of the reduced component count converter which is the 5-Level Active Neutral Point Converter (5LANPC). This 5-level converter has been configured by stacking the traditional 3-Level Neutral Point Converter with the Flying Capacitor converter. Two types of control algorithms were considered and compared to explore the performance of the 5LANPC. The first algorithm was based on the Phase-Disposition-Pulse Width Modulation (PD-PWM), while the second one was based on the Alternate Phase Opposition Disposition-Pulse Width Modulation (APOD-PWM). These algorithms are used to determine the required voltage level and according to the required level the state of the switches is selected through a simplified voltage balance algorithm. This voltage balance algorithm deals with the redundant switching states to maintain the voltages of the 5LANPC capacitors at a specified level. The comparison between these two modulation strategies was performed by simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink package. Simulation results showed compelling outcomes involving the two techniques concerning the voltage and current characteristics, as well as the equilibrium in the capacitor voltages. By comparing the simulation results, it was found that the performance of the system is relatively better using the PD-PWM strategy.
A new system to prevent SARS-CoV-2 and microorganism air transmission through the air circulation system of endoscopes
Authors: Chaussade Stanislas , Pellat Anna , Corre Felix , Hallit Rachel , Abou Ali Einas , Belle Arthur , Barret Maximilien , Chaussade Paul , Coriat Romain
Published: December 2022

Background and study aims Evidence for the modes of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 remains controversial. Recently, the potential for airborne spread of SARS-CoV-2 has been stressed. Air circulation in gastrointestinal light source boxes and endoscopes could be implicated in airborne transmission of microorganisms.

Methods The ENDOBOX SC is a 600 × 600 mm cube designed to contain any type of machine used during gastrointestinal endoscopy. It allows for a 100-mm space between a machine and the walls of the ENDOBOX SC. To use the ENDOBOX SC, it is connected to the medical air system and it provides positive flow from the box to the endoscopy room. The ENDOBOX SC uses medical air to inflate the digestive tract and to decrease the temperature induced by the microprocessors or by the lamp. ENDOBOX SC has been investigated in different environments.

Results An endoscopic procedure performed without ventilation was interrupted after 40 minutes to prevent computer damage. During the first 30 minutes, the temperature increased from 18 °C to 31 °C with a LED system. The procedure with fans identified variations in temperature inside the ENDOBOX SC from 21 to 26 °C (± 5 °C) 1 hour after the start of the procedure. The temperature was stable for the next 3 hours.

Conclusions ENDOBOX SC prevents the increase in temperature induced by lamps and processors, allows access to all necessary connections into the endoscopic columns, and creates a sterile and positive pressure volume, which prevents potential contamination from microorganisms.
Medizinisches Ozon: das Niedrigdosis-Konzept
Authors: León Fernández Olga Sonia , Viebahn-Hänsler Renate
Published: December 2022

Ozon im Niedrig-Dosis-Konzept wirkt als Bioregulator: Bei chronisch oxidativem Stress werden Antioxidantien (via Regulation der Kernfaktoren wie Nrf2 und NFkB) hochreguliert, der oxidative Stress sinkt und das GSH/GSSG-Gleichgewicht wird reorganisiert, das Immunsystem moduliert.

Mit diesem grundlegenden Mechanismus erweist sich systemisch verabreichtes Ozon (Große Ozon-Eigenblutbehandlung, GEB, oder Rektale Insufflation, RI) als interessante, nützliche und evidenzbasierte Therapie in der Redoxmedizin, insbesondere in Prävention und Rekonvaleszenz sowie bei chronischen Entzündungsprozessen.
Craniocerebral Maduramycosis: Masquerading as a Tumor
Authors: Renuka Inuganti Venkata , Ramya Chitturi , Chand Velivela Kiran , Vidya Tammina Mohana Sri , Premchand Salumuri
Published: December 2022

Eumycetomas of craniocerebral are rare, and we report an extraordinary case of maduramycosis involving brain and skull bone in a middle-aged male who presented with complaints of headache, behavioral abnormalities, and memory disturbances for 3 months. Imaging showed a frontal lesion. It was mistaken for a tumor clinically and radiologically. Craniocerebral eumycetoma usually presents as a mass on the scalp with sinuses. Our case presented as a brain tumor without a soft tissue mass or discharging sinuses. It is essential to keep in mind this mode of presentation, and only a biopsy will aid in diagnosis.
Thermodynamic properties of liquid bismuth under pressure: New regularities and an equation of state
Authors: Li Huaming , Feng Lin , Zhang Ying , Tian Yanting , Sun Yongli , Li Mo
Published: December 2022

A new regularity for internal pressure has been introduced based on the suggested potential energy function in liquid bismuth. Both the experimental data and the calculated quantities from the power law equation of state have been used to show the validity of the regularity. The quantity X3Z−1 is a linear function of ln(X) with crossing points for all isotherms at high temperature, where X=VVm0, V, Vm0, and Z are molar volume, the molar volume at melting point and zero pressure, and compressibility factor. For the reduced isothermal bulk modulus B*=BTVRT and the quantity Zint=PintVRT, where BT, R, T and Pint are isothermal bulk modulus, the gas constant, temperature and internal pressure, the new regularities have been introduced that both calculated X3B*−1 and X3Zint from the equation of state of a power law form versus ln(X) are nearly linear along each isotherm. However, those derived values from experiments become nonlinear functions of ln(X) at large pressure for all isotherms. Based on the new equation of state, analytical expression of thermodynamic properties of liquid bismuth can be obtained. The different extreme values exist along the isotherms for the calculated internal energy, isobaric heat capacity, and isochoric heat capacity for the new equation of state and the power law form equation of state.
Investigating phosphate-adsorption behaviour on a real ferrallitic-ferritic soil using a pluralistic approach under non-controlled conditions
Authors: Rosello C. H. , Pratt C. , Meyer M. , Pagand P.
Published: December 2022

Context Ferralsols, which cover approximately 6% of the Earth’s continental surface, have unique phosphorus (P) retention properties. Aims The research investigates P adsorption properties under non-controlled conditions on lateritic soil samples, combining different methodological approaches. Methods Ferralsol samples were analysed using (1) adsorption kinetics and capacities (wet chemical experiment methods), (2) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy and (3) attenuated transmission reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Key results Wet chemical experiments accord with previous studies on lateritic soils where chemisorption mechanisms govern P adsorption. Further, P adsorption appears to affect soil particles’ structural stability and release of iron (Fe) species in solution. SEM mapping confirmed the location of P compounds in Fe-rich areas. ATR-FTIR identified two inner-sphere complexes: monodentate (FeO)PO2(OH) and bidentate (FeO)2PO(OH) at wavenumber positions 958 ± 5, 1042 ± 5 and 1095 ± 8 cm−1; and 930 ± 5, 983 ± 10, 1005 ± 5 and 1122 ± 9 cm−1, respectively. Also, a band centred at 1030 ± 4 cm−1 suggested evidence of ternary complexes for P concentrations above 500 mg P/L. Combined methods suggested the potential involvement of redox mechanisms and other ionic species in the formation and types of phosphate surface complexes. Conclusions Our approach builds on previous work in this field by showing evidence of complex ionic interactions governing P retention on lateritic soils. Novel insights are evidence of fluctuations in physical and chemical factors with phosphate adsorption and suggestion of inner-sphere and ternary surface complexation mechanisms. Implications Given the wide global distribution of lateritic Ferralsols, our findings have important implications for key emerging challenges relating to P cycling for crop production and environmental impact.
Does creatine supplementation affect recovery speed of impulse above critical torque?
Authors: Abdalla Leonardo Henrique Perinotto , Broxterman Ryan Michael , Barstow Thomas Jackson , Greco Camila Coelho , Denadai Benedito Sérgio
Published: December 2022

We previously reported that creatine supplementation improved intermittent isometric exercise performance by augmenting the total impulse performed above end‐test torque (total IET′). However, our previous analyses did not enable mechanistic assessments. The objective of this study was to determine if creatine supplementation affected the IET′ speed of recovery. To achieve this objective, we retrospectively analyzed our data using the IET′ balance model to determine the time constant for the recovery of IET′ (τIET′). Sixteen men were randomly allocated into creatine (N = 8) or placebo (N = 8) groups. Prior to supplementation, participants performed quadriceps all‐out exercise to determine end‐test torque (ET) and IETʹ. Participants then performed quadriceps exercise at ET + 10% until task‐failure before supplementation (Baseline), until task‐failure after supplementation (Creatine or Placebo), and until the Baseline time after supplementation (Creatine‐ or Placebo‐Isotime). τIET′ was faster than Baseline for Creatine (669 ± 98 vs 470 ± 66 s), but not Placebo (792 ± 166 vs 786 ± 161 s). The creatine‐induced change in τIET′ was inversely correlated with the creatine‐induced changes in both the rate of peripheral fatigue development and time to task‐failure. τIET′ was inversely correlated with total IET′ and ET in all conditions, but creatine supplementation shifted this relationship such that τIET′ was faster for a given ET. Creatine supplementation, therefore, sped the recovery of IET′ during intermittent isometric exercise, which was inversely related to the improvement in exercise performance. These findings support that the improvement in exercise performance after creatine supplementation was, at least in part, specific to effects on the physiological mechanisms that determine the IET′ speed of recovery.
Quotation Strategy of Combined-Cycle Gas Turbine Considering Flexibility and Start-Stop Peak Shaving
Authors: Liu Runzhong , Cai Zhi , Hu Linxian
Published: December 2022

This paper proposes a bilevel optimal scheduling model considering the flexibility and peak shaving benefits of gas-steam combined cycle units, which realizes “thermoelectric decoupling” and the flexibility of the unit by configuring electric boilers, and adds the benefit of peak shaving to the upper model to maximize the profit of the unit. Among them, the upper model is the unit optimal bidding model considering flexibility and peak shaving benefits, and the lower model is the power market-clearing model considering the maximization of social welfare. The bilayer model is transformed into a mixed-integer linear programming problem through KKT conditions and other solution methods. The effectiveness and rationality of the model are verified by the analysis of examples. The results of examples show that “thermoelectric decoupling” and start-stop peak shaving can effectively improve the profit of the gas-steam combined cycle unit and the wind power consumption capacity of the system. Finally, the strategic bidding behavior of gas-steam combined cycle units in different periods of the power market is explored.
Harmonic Compensation of APF Three-phase Three-line System Based on Quasi-PR Control
Authors: Hao Meng , Huang Xucheng , Ma Xianglu , Yao Xiaoshan , Mao Huihuang , Ran Li , Ke Cao , Sheng Panpeng
Published: December 2022

The Active power filter (APF) plays an important role in reducing the harmonic distortion rate of grid current and improving grid stability. However, the APF based on traditional methods such as deadbeat control and hysteresis control has poor tracking accuracy for the load harmonic current, and it is difficult to achieve efficient compensation. In this regard, this paper proposes a current inner loop quasi-proportional resonant (PR) control method to achieve fast-tracking of the compensation current and high control precision. Then, according to the equivalent mathematical model of the three-phase APF in the continuous domain, the parameters of the quasi-PR control method are designed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation.
Optimal dispatch for IES with TGC considering PV prediction error based on DRO
Authors: Zhu Chongxi , Hu Aoyang , Hua Zhiwei , Li Xin , Bo Yaolong
Published: December 2022

As the renewable energy installation incerase, self-consistent integrated energy system (IES) is becoming more and more important for power grid. However, the current optimal scheduling strategy of IES lacks of robustness. At the same time, few people have studied the influence of national policies on the optimal dispatch of IES. To solve these problems, an optimal dispatch is presented for IES with the tradable green certificate (TGC) considering PV prediction error based on distributionally robust optimization (DRO). The practicality of the proposed model is verified in the typical IES. Based on the experimental results, the proposed strategy can improve the robustness of the optimal dispatch and improve renewable energy consumption.
Research on Power Material Demand Forecasting Strategy Based on Prophet Algorithm
Authors: Huang Xiaoming , Dong Linhao
Published: December 2022

The rapid economic growth has promoted the development of China’s electric power industry, which has gradually expanded the demand scale of electric power materials. Only by accurately forecasting the demand situation of electric power resources can the electric power field develop in a better direction. Based on this, this paper expounds the current situation of power material demand forecasting, then introduces the basic introduction of Prophet algorithm, and then puts forward the power material demand forecasting strategy based on Prophet algorithm, and verifies the application effect of this forecasting strategy through experimental analysis. Through the experimental analysis, it can be seen that the prediction strategy can get very accurate results, and has high practicability, so it can be applied to practical work.
Generation Expansion Planning Considering Weakness Reinforcement of Power Grids Based on Robust Model
Authors: Yan Zhibin , Guo Ning , Hu Zhibing , Meng Jinyou , Tian Hongliang , Zhang Likai , Wang Xiuli
Published: December 2022

Large-scale integration of variable renewable energy and power electronic device has raised great changes in the physical characteristics of power systems. It is urgent to strengthen system weaknesses in system evolution study. To fill the gap, a generation expansion planning model considering weakness identification and reinforcement is proposed. An efficient outer-inner loop algorithm is designed based on the structure of the model. An IEEE 6-bus test case is carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed model and methodology. The test case reveals that weakness reinforcement schemes are robust against the worst-case contingency and the unserved demand can be reduced to 20.6% after the weakness reinforcement process.
P and Feedforward Control for Mobile Robot
Authors: Wen-lan Wang , Bai Xiong-huai
Published: December 2022

Wheeled mobile robots have a wide range of applications in aerospace, military, industry, medical services, and even entertainment. It is simple in design and easy in fabrication and is widely studied by scholars at home and abroad. However, the path-tracking problem of wheeled mobile robots has also been a key problem inhibiting their development. In this design, the kinematic model of the robot is constructed by using P and feedforward, and a double closed-loop P and feedforward control system is designed. After a trial-and-error method, the appropriate control parameters are obtained. The simul ink function in MATLAB is used to simulate and verify the path-following ability of the method.
Photonic Crystal Design for Bloch Surface Wave Sensing
Authors: Dias Bernardo , de Almeida José M. M. M. , Coelho Luís C. C.
Published: December 2022

Bloch Surface Waves (BSW) consist of electromagnetic modes generated at the interface between a photonic crystal and an isotropic dielectric. This type of surface mode displays sharp resonances and high sensitivity to external refractive index variations, and thus appears to be an ideal candidate for usage in optical sensors. Nevertheless, design and optimization of photonic crystals is not a trivial task and constitutes an ongoing field of research. The sensitivity of BSW in both refractometric and adsorption sensing is calculated analytically using first-order perturbation theory for TE modes, allowing the understanding of how several physical parameters of the photonic crystal influence the sensitivity. Preliminary experimental results are presented, which aim to use the analytical calculations to allow for both refractometric and adsorption sensing in a single photonic crystal structure.
Reservoir computing with nonlinear optical media
Authors: Ferreira Tiago D. , Silva Nuno A. , Silva Duarte , Rosa Carla C. , Guerreiro Ariel
Published: December 2022

Reservoir computing is a versatile approach for implementing physically Recurrent Neural networks which take advantage of a reservoir, consisting of a set of interconnected neurons with temporal dynamics, whose weights and biases are fixed and do not need to be optimized. Instead, the training takes place only at the output layer towards a specific task. One important requirement for these systems to work is nonlinearity, which in optical setups is usually obtained via the saturation of the detection device. In this work, we explore a distinct approach using a photorefractive crystal as the source of the nonlinearity in the reservoir. Furthermore, by leveraging on the time response of the photorefractive media, one can also have the temporal interaction required for such architecture. If we space out in time the propagation of different states, the temporal interaction is lost, and the system can work as an extreme learning machine. This corresponds to a physical implementation of a Feed-Forward Neural Network with a single hidden layer and fixed random weights and biases. Some preliminary results are presented and discussed.
A Low-cost Portable Interrogator for Dynamic Monitoring of Wavelength-Based Sensors
Authors: Khouri Mariana L. , Segatto Marcelo E. V. , Pontes Maria J. , Monteiro Maxwell Eduardo , Frizera Anselmo , Diaz Camilo A. R.
Published: December 2022

This paper proposes a low-cost portable interrogator for dynamic monitoring of wavelength-based fiber-optic sensors such as fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and Fabry-Perrot interferometers (FPIs). The interrogator is based on a compact solution involving a broadband light source and the spectral convolution between the sensor and a tunable filter. The filtered signal is then acquired by a photodetector where the optical-electrical conversion happens. Additionally, a microcontroller performs three actions: (i) controls the filter tuning, (ii) acquires the photodetector signal, and (iii) sends the data to a single-board computer (SBC). Lastly, the SBC performs further signal processing and displays the sensor data on a graphical user interface. The choice for hardware and software development combined allows for a lost-cost solution that supports monitoring of four channels simultaneously, real-time operation, compatibility with Windows and Linux-based operating systems, dynamic inputs for signal processing, wireless communication with low latency, and portability.
Guiding losses estimation in hydrogel-based waveguides
Authors: Pons Carolina , Galindo Josué M. , Martín Juan Carlos , Torres-Moya Iván , Merino Sonia , Herrero María Antonia , Vázquez Ester , Prieto Pilar , Vallés Juan Antonio
Published: December 2022

A method based on the photographic recording of the power distribution laterally diffused by cationic electroactive network (CN)-based hydrogel waveguides is first checked against the well-established cut-back method and then used to determine the different contributions to the optical power attenuation along the hydrogel-based waveguide. Absorption and scattering loss coefficients are determined for 450 nm, 532 nm and 633 nm excitation.
Hollow square core fiber sensor for physical parameters measurement
Authors: Pereira Diana , Bierlich Jörg , Kobelke Jens , Ferreira Marta S.
Published: December 2022

The measurement of physical parameters is important in many current applications, since they often rely on these measurands to operate with the due quality and the necessary safety. In this work, a simple and robust optical fiber sensor based on an antiresonant hollow square core fiber (HSCF) is proposed to measure simultaneously temperature, strain, and curvature. The proposed sensor was designed in a transmission configuration where a segment of HSCF, with a 10 mm length, was spliced between two single mode fibers. In this sensor, a cladding modal interference (CMI) and a Mach-Zehnder interference (MZI) are enhanced along with the antiresonance (AR) guidance. All the present mechanisms exhibit different responses towards the physical parameters. For the temperature, sensitivities of 32.8 pm/°C, 18.9 pm/°C, and 15.7 pm/°C were respectively attained for the MZI, AR, and CMI. As for the strain, sensitivities of 0.45 pm/με, -0.93 pm/με, and -2.72 pm/με were acquired for the MZI, AR and CMI respectively. Meanwhile, for the curvature measurements, two regions of analysis were considered. In the first region (0 m−1 - 0.7 m−1) sensitivities of 0.033 nm/m−1, -0.27 nm/m−1, and -2.21 nm/m−1 were achieved, whilst for the second region (0.7 m−1 - 1.5 m−1) sensitivities of 0.067 nm/m−1, -0.63 nm/m−1, and -0.49 nm/m−1 were acquired for the MZI, AR and CMI, respectively.
Advanced refractive index sensor using 3-dimensional metamaterial based nanoantenna array
Authors: Verma Sneha , Rahman B.M.A
Published: December 2022

Photonic researchers have increasingly exploiting nanotechnology. Due to the advent of numerous prevalent nanosized manufacturing methods that enable adequate shaped nanostructures to be manufactured and investigated as a method of exploiting nano-structured. Owing of the variety of optical modes, hybrid nanostructures that integrate dielectric resonators with plasmonic nanostructures also offer enormous potentials. In this work, we have explored a hybrid coupled nano-structured antenna with stacked lithium tantalate (LiTaO3)/Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) multilayer operating at infrared ranging from 400 nm-2000 nm. Here, the sensitivity response has been explored of the hybrid nano-structured array made up of the gold metal elliptical disk placed on the top of a quartz substrate and excite the different modes in both materials. It shows large electromagnetic confinement at the separation distance (d) of the dimers due to strong surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The influence of the structural dimensions is investigated to optimise the sensitivity of stacked elliptical dimers. The designed hybrid coupled nano-structure with the combination of gold (Au) and Lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) /Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) with h
1 = h
2 = 10 nm each 10 layer exhibits bulk sensitivity (S), which is the spectrum shift unit per refractive index (RI) change in the surrounding medium was calculated to be 730 and 660 nm/RIU with major axis, (a) = 100 nm, minor axis, (b) = 10 nm, separation distance (d) = 10 nm, height, (h) = 100 nm (with or without stacked). The outcomes from the proposed hybrid nanostructure have been compared with a single metallic (only gold) elliptical paired nano-structure to show a significant improvement in the sensitivity using hybrid nano-structure. Depending on these findings, we demonstrated a roughly two-fold increase in sensitivity (S) by utilising a hybrid nano linked nano-structure with respect to identical nano structure, which competes with traditional sensors with the same height, (h) based on localised surface plasmon resonances. Our innovative plasmonic hybrid nanostructures provide a framework for developing plasmonic nanostructures for use in various sensing applications.
Study on characteristics of acoustic signals generated by different DC discharge modes
Authors: XIONG Zilan , WANG Yuqi , LI Mengqi
Published: December 2022

Acoustic signals contain rich discharge information. In this study, the acoustic signal characteristics of transient glow, spark, and glow discharges generated through DC pin–pin discharge were investigated. The signals were analyzed in the time, frequency, and time–frequency domains, and the correlation between the electric and the acoustic signal was studied statistically. The results show that glow discharge does not produce measurable sound signals. For the other modes, with a decrease in the discharge gap, the amplitude of the acoustic signal increases sharply with mode transformation, the short-time average energy becomes higher, and the frequency components are more abundant. Meanwhile, the current pulse and sound pressure pulse have a one-to-one relationship in the transient glow and spark regimes, and they are positively correlated in amplitude. A brief theoretical analysis of the mechanism of plasma sound and the trends of signals in different modes is presented. Essentially, the change in the discharge energy is closely related to the sound generation of the plasma.
Insights into chemical reactions of graphitic carbon nitride with alkali halides
Authors: Akaike Kouki , Hosokai Ayako , Tajima Kazuki , Akiyama Haruhisa , Nagashima Hiroki
Published: December 2022

The calcination of nitrogen-rich molecules, such as melamine and urea, with inorganic salts, results in chemical modifications of graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN), a polymeric photocatalyst driven by visible-light illumination. Alkali halides are abundant and low-cost additives for that purpose and enhance photocatalytic activity. The precursors or condensed carbon nitride polymer react with the salts, even below their melting point; however, the mechanistic understanding of the reaction of g-CN with alkali halides is still unknown. In this study, we investigated reactions of melon, a linear polymer of heptazine monomers, with NaCl, employing Fourier-transform infrared (IR) spectroscopy in solid and gas phases, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, temperature-programmed desorption mass spectrometry (TPD-MS), and thermogravimetry. The reaction of melon with NaCl at 500 °C substitutes a fraction of amino groups with cyanamide moiety and deprotonates NH groups bridging heptazine monomers. The formation of NH4Cl during the calcination implied that NaCl reacted with NH3 that had evolved as a result of the condensation of melon molecules. TPD-MS and gas-phase IR confirmed the presence of NH3 as well as H2O and CO2 above 400 °C. These gaseous molecules and NaCl lead to NaHCO3 via the Solvay process reactions. NaHCO3 is decomposed into Na2CO3 at the calcination temperature. The base and gaseous H2O finally cause OH−. The resultant hydroxyl anion introduces cyanamide groups into the melon, deprotonates the NH groups, and decomposes a fraction of the polymer into isocyanic acid via the formation of sodium cyamelurate as an intermediate. The reaction mechanisms proposed in this study will promote the molecular understanding of the roles of additives in the modification of the chemical structure of g-CN photocatalysts.
Quantitative positive Schur property in Banach lattices
Authors: Chen Dongyang
Published: December 2022

We introduce and investigate quantitative versions of the positive Schur property. We show, in particular, that each

L

1

(
μ
)

L_{1}(\mu )

-space(

μ
\mu

σ
\sigma

-finite) enjoys the

1
1

-positive Schur property in the strongest possible way. By introducing a quantity measuring

L
L

-weak non-compactness of sets in Banach lattices, we prove that the positive Schur property is always quantitative. We also show that this quantity is equal to several natural measures of weak non-compactness in abstract

L
L

-spaces.
Campaigns and constituents
Authors: Ritchie Donald A.
Published: December 2022

Elected locally, candidates for Congress go to Washington to make national policy. “Campaigns and constituents” explores how voting on major legislation often means a choice between national needs and constituent approval. Once elected to office, members of the House of Representatives face new elections every two years. What are the roles of political parties in Congress and what is the reality of day-to-day life as a representative or senator? These and other factors in shaping life in Congress, especially the role of the news media and changes in communications technology, are examined.
On the floor
Authors: Ritchie Donald A.
Published: December 2022

“On the floor” examines the differences in the practices of the House and Senate, which are critical for understanding the legislative process. Each day’s session begins with “morning business,” when members make short speeches without rebuttal. The chambers then move on to legislation allowing debate. The floor proceedings are a mix of procedure, policy, politics, and personality. The significance of majority rule in the House is contrasted with the minority muscle exercised in the Senate. The complex process of steering legislation through the Congress is explained and the factors influencing that outcome—parties, constituents, and lobbyists—are analyzed, as is the role of the president in passing or vetoing legislation.
The quantum, confined
Authors: Moriarty Philip
Published: December 2022

This chapter highlights ‘A Boy and His Atom’, the world’s smallest stop motion video, which demonstrates the sophisticated control of the building blocks of matter. The ability to fabricate nanostructures an atom at a time, exploiting and directing interatomic or intermolecular forces, indicates building bespoke containers for electrons. It emphasizes how corralling and confining electrons can define the properties of materials in a way that was unimaginable before the advent of nanotechnology. Why is there substantial overlap of quantum mechanics and nanotechnology? The chapter talks about working in nanoscale, which takes into account the quantum nature of matter and allows the terms ‘nano’ and ‘quantum’ to be used interchangeably.
Tearing it down, building it up
Authors: Moriarty Philip
Published: December 2022

This chapter highlights the excitement in 1946 for ENIAC, which was described as a super-brain computer that could achieve 5,000 instructions per second. In comparison, a smartphone now routinely computes at a rate of billions of instructions per second. It explores how the miniaturization and speed of processing go hand in hand, noting that the smaller technology gets, the faster it becomes. The chapter talks about processors at the core of smartphones, laptops, and tablets that pack several electronic components into a remarkably small space. Nanotechnology has played an essential role in ensuring that continued progress, but, ironically, it is also why Moore’s law is slowly dying.
It from bit, bit from it
Authors: Moriarty Philip
Published: December 2022

This chapter reviews how nanotechnology has progressed to the point where one can represent binary information on sub-nanometre scales. Where information storage can involve writing data with a resolution much better than that defined even by the atomic limit, it is possible to store information on a scale considerably smaller than the size of an atom. It also explores the realm of picotechnology, which is the manipulation of matter on sub-atomic length scales. The chapter discusses Ada Lovelace’s far-reaching insights into the connections between matter, mathematics, and the manipulation of information. It mentions how Lovelace became fascinated by the workings of Charles Babbage’s difference engine.