bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Transformation of the Ukrainian Economy: Digitization and Transformation of Business Models
Authors: Yanovska Viktoriia , Levchenko Olha , Tvoronovych Viktoriia , Bozhok Anastasiia
Published: October 2019

The studies are devoted to the transformational processes associated with digitalization, which takes place in the Ukrainian economy. Economic development is impossible without widespread introduction and full use of the digital technologies. The rate of digital innovation is growing every year. The transformation of the landscape of interpersonal connections and economic relations leads to the digitalization of the operational processes and the change in business models, which generally results in large-scale digital transformation of companies. Meanwhile, it should be noted that the digitization and transformation processes of business models, taking place mainly at the level of private and state enterprises, are expanding to the level of government and have a significant impact on the competitiveness of the economy. Today, there is a significant number of projects of digital transformation in Ukraine. The general idea is to create a unified digital communication system. It is nice to note that not only private companies but also state structures have joined this system, which testifies to their interest in self-development and the desire to keep up with the modern technologies, focusing on clients.
Economic security potential management mechanism of enterprises in the system of strategic decisions
Authors: Arefieva Olena , Kopcha Yuri , Arefiev Volodymyr , Miahkykh Iryna
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the development of an economic security potential management mechanism of an enterprise in a dynamic external environment. Theoretical approaches to defining its essence are investigated, their systematization is carried out and the concept of “economic security potential management mechanism of an enterprise” is suggested, based on a two-pronged approach and, based on it, it is possible to make adaptive management decisions. The characteristic features and the main purpose of the economic security potential management mechanism of an enterprise are determined, its subject and object are substantiated. The basic approaches to forming the economic security potential management mechanism of enterprises are summarized, namely: systemic, process, resource, strategic, target, synergistic, functional and complex. It is established that the economic security potential management mechanism of enterprises performs both universal functions, namely: organizational, control, motivation, planning, and specific, including protective, regulatory, preventive, information, innovative, compensatory and social. It is suggested to consider a strategic approach as a management approach, as managing economic security potential is a complex task with many variables, random factors and various constraints. Errors in managerial decisions lead to bankruptcy.
Labor market: problematic aspects of informal employment in Ukraine
Authors: Bielova Alla , Zhuravska Nataliia , Olijnyk Gheorghij , Koval Svetlana , Kochedykova Alona
Published: October 2019

The subject of the article is the study of specific problems of informal employment of people in the labor market of Ukraine by analyzing the statistical estimation of dynamics and structure of some indicators in 2015 and 2017. The study used general scientific and special statistical methods: analysis of dynamics and synthesis, analogy and comparison, expert assessments, etc. On the basis of the study of the numerical characteristics of the main indicators of the labor market, an analysis of certain aspects of the problems of the informal sector in the field of employment and unemployment in Ukraine was conducted, as well as the main prospects for their possible future solution in the modern economic conditions. It is determined that coordination of efforts of the authorities at all levels in the implementation of the employment policy and reduction of its shadowing scale is impossible without a scientifically based comprehensive national program for promoting employment aimed at ensuring a balanced supply and demand for labor in the labor market.
Strategic management accounting as an information platform for measuring innovation of the enterprise
Authors: Bondar Mykola , Iershova Natalia , Chaika Tetyana
Published: October 2019

The study provides an integrated analysis system of the innovative activity of the enterprise, generalized mechanism of information processing in the accounting and analytical system of the enterprise. The role of information of strategic management accounting and analysis in the accounting and analytical system of the enterprise is substantiated. The bimodal methodological approach to measuring innovation of the enterprise on the basis of an integral performance exposure, calculated on a set of partial indicators, using additive method was introduced.
Determinants of Social Entrepreneurship in Ukraine
Authors: Gavkalova Nataliia , Amosov Oleg , Zolenko Alona , Sierova Iryna
Published: October 2019

The high importance of social entrepreneurship for the development of national and regional economies is widely recognized. This article contributes to the emerging theoretical discourse of social entrepreneurship by explicating the representatives of different schools. Social entrepreneurship occupies a third sector between the private sector of the economy and the non-profit sector as it aims to solve social problems. Social entrepreneurship functions as an organization that selfsustains at the expense of the innovative organization of its core business. The article suggests holistic approaches to entrepreneurship research based on entrepreneur-associated factors, characteristics of the political and legal environment. These determinants can have direct or indirect influences on entrepreneurial processes mandatory for the development of social entrepreneurship.

To determine the strengths and weaknesses of the development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine, as well as its opportunities and threats, the SWOT analysis was carried out. The actions required to improve the current state of social entrepreneurship were justified. The detection of threats and opportunities has made it possible to identify priorities for the development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine, taking into account existing risks.
Actual Aspects of the Displaced Persons’ Workforce Potential Realization
Authors: Manukhina Marta , Melnik Marina , Rozmyslov Alexander , Tatciy Inna
Published: October 2019

The article considers certain aspects of realizing the workforce potential of the internally displaced persons. The scientific approaches to the category of the “workforce potential” and the interpretation of the “workforce potential of the worker” are defined. The current state of the workforce potential utilization in the country is analysed, the conditions and possibilities of realizing the potential of the internally displaced persons are described. External and internal factors affecting the internally displaced persons adaptation are considered. By statistical evaluation of displaced persons and measures to solve their social problems, conditions and reasons that impede the full realization of workforce potential are considered. It was determined that the problem of employment and the ability to realize their workforce potential is crucial for the internally displaced persons successful adaptation to a new place. The recommendations to stimulate the employment of the displaced persons and their better adaptation in the places of resettlement were formulated.
Social responsibility development in the conditions of globalization: financial flows focus
Authors: Portna Oksana , Kachula Svitlana , Lysiak Liubov
Published: October 2019

The article deals with social responsibility system development of the state, business, society. It is shown that the characteristic of development and the result of social responsibility of the state, business, society is the high quality of socio-economic development, balancing the interests of all participants in social relations. Modern complex social relations actualize social issues both within individual countries and in the world dimension. The problems of social responsibility of the state, business, and society concern a wide range of economic, social, financial, environmental and political aspects. The article presents generalized standards and conditions for the development of socially responsible state, business, and society, which are mediated by financial flows. A meaningful characteristic of state, business and society social responsibility development is the social relations institutional participants financial flows focus, which should be considered in unity with the global system and relevant world processes during globalization. The problems of financial flows direction in the conditions of financial and economic globalization are considered. In Ukraine, social responsibility of the state, business, society is non-systemic, fragmentary, situational.
Management of financial risks in the security system of enterprise development: economic and legal aspects
Authors: Prokhorova Viktoriya , Mushnykova Svitlana , Bytiak Oleksiy , Slastianykova Krystyna
Published: October 2019

The state of market relations which is determined by the high level of competition, instability and environmental variability, requires from each subject of the weighted actions to manage the safe development. The risks accompanying the activities of each enterprise are the components of its management. The necessity of considering financial risks as a generalizing factor of the security system of enterprise development is substantiated. The research proposes a methodological approach within the framework of economic and legal aspects to the management of financial risks in the security system of the enterprise development, with the definition of the main theoretical positions, namely: goals, objectives, principles, legal entities and methods of managing financial risks in accordance with the stage of the life cycle enterprises The necessity of improvement of legal support of legal relations with the enterprise in the system of security of enterprise development is determined.
Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Rudwaleit Martin
Published: October 2019

Die letzten beiden Dekaden bedeuteten für die Gruppe der Spondyloarthritiden einschließlich der Psoriasis-Arthritis einen Durchbruch in allen Bereichen dieser Erkrankungsgruppe: im Verständnis genetischer und pathophysiologischer Vorgänge, des klinischen Verlaufs, der Diagnostik und Klassifikation, der Bildgebung und neuer und effektiver Therapiemöglichkeiten bis hin zu einem Treat-to-Target Konzept. Auf diese neuen Erkenntnisse wird im vorliegenden Themenband durch namhafte Autoren umfassend und aktuell eingegangen.
Primäre Endoprothetik bei Kox- und Gonarthrose
Authors: Grothe Tim , Postler Anne , Lützner Jörg , Günther Klaus-Peter
Published: October 2019

Der primäre Hüft- und Kniegelenkersatz sind ein sehr häufig durchgeführtes und erfolgreiches Behandlungsverfahren bei fortgeschrittener Arthrose. Für moderne Hüft- und Knietotalendoprothesen wird über sehr gute Langzeitüberlebensraten berichtet. Vor dem Hintergrund steigender Aktivitätsansprüche und der zunehmend häufigeren Behandlung von Patienten mit schwererem Nebenerkrankungsprofil gewinnt die Analyse von patientenbezogenen Einflussfaktoren und Outcome-Kriterien weiterhin an Bedeutung. Mit der Etablierung interdisziplinärer Behandlungskonzepte zur rascheren Genesung und Komplikationsreduktion wird auf diese Entwicklung eingegangen. Bei einer Versorgung in zertifizierten Endoprothetikzentren (EndoCert©) sind standardisierte Behandlungspfade und die Vorhaltung spezialisierter Infrastruktur gewährleistet. In die Ergebnisbewertung gehen neben Routine-Indikatoren der externen Qualitätssicherung mittlerweile auch Daten aus dem Deutschen Endoprothesenregister (EPRD©) ein, das von der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie (DGOOC) etabliert wurde. Dieser Übersichtsbeitrag berichtet über die Versorgungssituation in der Hüft- und Knieendoprothetik bei Arthrose in Deutschland. Es wird auf Indikationsstellung, Prinzipien der Operationsmethodik, Implantatsysteme sowie aktuelle Entwicklungen und Behandlungskonzepte eingegangen.
Rheumatoide Arthritis
Authors: Stör Wolfram , Klügel Rainer , Brenke Rainer
Published: October 2019

Rheumatoide Arthritis
Labordiagnostik bei entzündlichen Gelenkerkrankungen
Authors: Mierau Rudolf
Published: October 2019

Das Labor leistet auf mehreren Gebieten Beiträge in der Primärdiagnostik entzündlicher Gelenkerkrankungen und begleitet zudem auch deren Management im Verlauf. Entzündungsparameter helfen, zwischen primär entzündlichen und nicht entzündlichen rheumatischen Erkrankungen zu unterscheiden, sind allerdings sowohl bei der rheumatoiden Arthritis (RA) als auch bei den Spondyloarthritiden nicht in jedem Fall erhöht. Autoantikörper sind bedeutende Diagnostik-Bausteine vor allem bei der RA sowie bei den Kollagenosen. Die Synovia-Analyse hilft bei der Beurteilung der Entzündungsaktivität und liefert ätiologische Hinweise z. B. bei Kristallarthropathien. Genetische Risikofaktoren für Gelenkerkrankungen sind in großer Zahl bekannt; diagnostisch verwertet wird von diesen aber nur die Bestimmung des HLA-B27-Merkmals in der Diagnostik der Spondyloarthritiden.
Diagnostik der sekundären Hypertonie: An was ist bei wem zu denken?
Authors: Vonend Oliver
Published: October 2019

Die Prävalenz der arteriellen Hypertonie mit ihren kardiovaskulären Folgeerkrankungen wie Herzinfarkt, Schlaganfall, chronischer Nierenkrankheit und peripherer Gefäßerkrankung nimmt in unserer immer älter werdenden Gesellschaft stetig zu. Weltweit sterben jährlich knapp 8 Millionen Menschen an den Folgen einer nicht adäquat kontrollierten Hypertonie. Jeder 3. Erwachsene in Deutschland leidet unter Bluthochdruck. Zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt ist weniger als die Hälfte der Hypertoniker in Deutschland kontrolliert. Zahlreiche Ursachen können dem Nichterreichen der Therapieziele zugrunde liegen. Der aktuelle Beitrag soll Hilfestellungen geben, eine mögliche sekundäre Hypertonieursache zu erkennen. Es ist nicht zielführend, bei allen Hypertonikern eine breite Palette von Screeninguntersuchungen anzufordern oder durchzuführen. Eine sinnvolle Selektion potenziell betroffener Patienten muss vorab erfolgen. Die häufigsten Formen der sekundären Hypertonie werden genannt und die zielführende Diagnostik sowie deren Therapie dargestellt.
Comeback der renalen Denervation als Therapieoption bei arterieller Hypertonie
Authors: Jung Susanne , Schmieder Roland
Published: October 2019

Die Wirksamkeit der renalen Denervation zur Blutdrucksenkung war lange umstritten. Die anfängliche Euphorie nach einer Reihe vielversprechender unkontrollierter Pilotstudien wurde durch die Veröffentlichung der Symplicity-HTN-3-Studie 2014 zunächst getrübt. Hier hatte sich im Vergleich zur Scheinbehandlung keine signifikante Differenz in der Blutdruckreduktion gegenüber der renalen Denervation gezeigt. Die Ergebnisse dreier größerer randomisierter Studien dokumentieren nun den Wirkungsnachweis: Die interventionelle renale Denervation bewirkt eine signifikante Senkung des 24-Stunden- und Praxisblutdrucks im Vergleich zur Scheinbehandlung. Die aus diesen Studien gewonnenen Erkenntnisse bieten zukünftig spannende Perspektiven hinsichtlich der Anwendung des Verfahrens bei anderen Erkrankungen sowie hinsichtlich der Patienten, die am besten für die renale Denervation geeignet sind.
Middle Aortic Syndrome in a Child-Bearing Age Patient
Authors: Rabenstein Andrew P. , Salhab Khaled F. , Spentzouris Georgios , Paruchuri Vijayapraveena , Hines George , Vintzileos Anthony M. , Schubach Scott L.
Published: October 2019

We report a rare case of a 30-year-old female who had a long-standing history of middle aortic syndrome that was being managed nonsurgically. She presented with hypertension and buttock pain with plans to become pregnant. She underwent an aortoiliac bypass.
Foramen Magnum Meningioma: Far Lateral Approach
Authors: Vasquez Ciro , Yang Alexander , Youssef A. Samy
Published: October 2019

We present a case of a foramen magnum meningioma in a 42-year-old female who presented with headaches for 2 years, associated with decreased sensation and overall feeling of “heaviness” of the right arm. The tumor posed significant mass effect on the brainstem, and given the location of the tumor in the anterolateral region of the foramen magnum, a right far lateral approach was chosen. The approach incorporates the interfascial dissection technique to safely expose and preserve the vertebral artery in the suboccipital triangle. After drilling the posteromedial portion of the occipital condyle and opening the dura, the tumor can be entirely exposed with minimal retraction on the cerebellum. The working space offered by the far lateral approach allows careful dissection at the lateral craniocervical junction, and preservation of the V4 segment of the vertebral artery and the lower cranial nerves. Simpson's grade-2 resection was achieved with coagulation of the dural base around the vertebral artery. The postoperative course was unremarkable for any neurological deficits. At the 2-year follow-up, imaging identified no recurrence of tumor and the patient remains asymptomatic.

The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/IMN1O7vO5B0.
A Rare Case of Acquired Transthoracic Littre's Hernia
Authors: Curmi Arthur , Dimech Anthony P. , Dalli Rebecca , Mostafa Ayman , Debono Joseph
Published: October 2019

Introduction The Littre hernia is a rare complication of Meckel's diverticulum. Meckel's diverticulum is vestigial remnant of the omphalomesenteric duct occurring in approximately 2% of the general population with an estimated 4 to 16% risk of complications. Usual sites of the Littre hernia include inguinal (50%), umbilical (20%), and femoral (20%). We report a case of an acquired transthoracic Littre's hernia occurring through the left part of the diaphragm triggered by a history of traumatic rib fractures associated with alcohol abuse.

Case Report A 71-year-old man presented with 4-day history of worsening shortness of breath, colicky lower abdominal pain, and inability to open bowels despite passing flatus, without nausea or vomiting. His past medical history was remarkable for multiple traumatic rib fractures caused by falls which were associated with excessive alcohol consumption. A noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis showed distended jejunal loops containing air/fluid levels likely resulting from herniated jejunum between the left chest wall and left diaphragm. An urgent laparotomy was performed which revealed small bowel and omentum herniating through a small defect in the left posterior hemidiaphragm. The contents of the sac were reduced and a Meckel's diverticulum was found inside the sac, characteristic of Littre's hernia. The diaphragmatic defect was closed and the Meckel diverticulum stapled and excised.

Discussion Herniation of Meckel's diverticulum through the diaphragm most commonly occurs in the pediatric population. Acquired transthoracic Littre's hernia is rare and may arise following thoracobdominal trauma caused by surgery, motor vehicle accidents, and falls from height. Left-diaphragmatic tears are characteristically more clinically apparent and symptomatic than the right since the liver often has a protective effect on the right part of the diaphragm. Herniation of abdominal contents in the chest cavity causes respiratory distress and requires urgent surgical correction. Diagnosis is often delayed since diaphragmatic hernia tends to present very late after the initial trauma, subjecting the patient to possible life-threatening complications. While it is easier to reduce the herniated contents and repair the diaphragm via a thoracic approach, laparotomy is often preferred in cases of acute trauma associated with intra-abdominal injuries. Repair of Littre's hernia then consists of resection of the diverticulum and herniorraphy.

Conclusion Internal Littre's hernia is usually of congenital origin. This is the first case of a transthoracic Littre's hernia caused by traumatic rib fractures. Hence, it is of utter importance that a clinician is aware of such uncommon pathology.
Apical Leakage of Epiphany Root Canal Sealer Combined with Different Master Cones
Authors: Kocak Mustafa Murat , Er Ozgur , Saglam Baran Can , Yaman Sis
Published: October 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the apical sealing ability of different core materials used with Epiphany™ sealer and to evaluate the effect of Resilon/Epiphany™ system on creating an
apical mono-block seal.

Methods: Fifty-five extracted human teeth were used. Forty-five were selected and randomly divided into three groups and ten teeth were used as positive and negative control groups. In Group 1, roots were obturated using Resilon™ and Epiphany™, In Group 2, roots were obturated using tapered single-cone gutta-percha and Epiphany™ and in Group 3, roots were obturated using Thermafil obturators and Epiphany™ sealer. The apical leakage was measured using the dye penetration methodology. The teeth were cleared, and the linear extent of dye penetration was measured with a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed by the one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests.

Results: The teeth filled with Thermafil obturators and Epiphany™ sealer displayed the most apical leakage. The least apical leakage was shown with Resilon™ and Epiphany™. Groups 1 and 2 had significantly leaked less than Group 3.

Conclusions: Based on the data of this study, although Resilon™ and Epiphany™ sealer showed the least apical leakage, statistical analysis showed no difference between gutta-percha and Epiphany™. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:91-95)
Effect of Multiple Consecutive Adhesive Coatings on Microleakage of Class V Cavities
Authors: Arisu Hacer Deniz , Eliguzeloglu Evrim , Uctasli Mine Betul , Omurlu Huma , Turkoz Emin
Published: October 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of multiple consecutive adhesive coatings of a one-step self-etch adhesive on microleakage of Class V cavities.

Methods: Standardized box shaped Class V cavities were prepared onto the buccal side of forty five non-carious human premolar teeth. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups of fifteen teeth in each and restored as: Group I- one-step self-etch adhesive resin (Clearfil S3, Kuraray Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan) was applied according to the manufacturer�s instructions, Group II- two consecutive same one-step self-etch adhesive application was performed, and Group III- three consecutive same one-step self-etch adhesive application was performed. After the adhesive applications light curing unit was activated for 20 seconds and the cavities were restored with a composite resin. The restorations were finished with aluminum oxide discs and the specimens were stored in water at room temperature for 24 hours before they were immersed in 2% methylene blue for 48 hours. The dye penetration was examined under a stereomicroscope and the asymtotic significance were analysed with Kruskall Wallis and Mann Whitney U tests and dentin-enamel margins were compared with each other with Wilcoxon Signed Rank test.

Results: The microleakage at the dentinal margins of Class V cavities were significantly decreased with two (Group II) and three (Group III) consecutive adhesive applications (P<.05). There was no significant difference between Group I, Group II and Group III at the enamel margins (P<.05). The microleakage at the dentinal margins were significantly higher than the enamel margins in Group I and Group II but in Group III there was no statistically significant difference (P<.05).

Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it may be concluded that three consecutive applications of the one-step self-etch adhesive resin provided better sealing than the one coat of adhesive resin at the dentinal margins of Class V cavities. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:178-184)
Effects of Fluorosis and Bleaching on Shear Bond Strengths of Orthodontic Brackets
Authors: Adanir Necdet , Türkkahraman Hakan , Güngör Ahmet Yalçın
Published: October 2019

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of fluorosis and bleaching on shear bond strengths of orthodontic brackets.

Methods: A total of 45 (30 fluorosed and 15 non-fluorosed) non-carious freshly extracted human permanent premolar teeth which were extracted for orthodontic reasons and without any caries or visible defects were used in this study. Fluorosed teeth were selected according to the modified Thylstrup and Fejerskov index (TFI), which is based on the clinical changes in fluorosed teeth. First group consisted of 15 fluorosed teeth. Second group of fluorosed teeth were bleached with a 35% hydrogen peroxide office bleaching agent. Third group served as control. No bleaching procedure was applied. Orthodontic brackets were bonded with a light cure composite resin and cured with a halogen light. After bonding, shear bond strengths of the brackets were tested with Universal testing machine.

Results: The results showed that fluorosis only and bleaching of fluorosed teeth significantly
reduced the bond strengths of the orthodontic brackets (P>.001). Although bleaching of fluorosed
teeth decreased the values more, no statistically significant difference was found between fluorosis
group and fluorosis+bleaching group (P<.05).

Conclusions: Fluorosis and bleaching of fluorosed teeth reduce bracket bond strength to enamel, but the bond strength with these still exceed the minimum 6 to 8 MPa required to expect adequate clinical performance. (Eur J Dent 2007;1:230-235)
Reasons for use and non-use of dental services among people visiting a dental college hospital in India: A descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Devaraj CG , Eswar Pranati
Published: October 2019

Objective: To find out the reasons for use and non-use of dental services among people visiting a dental college hospital in India.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 180 people, aged 15-65 years visiting the outpatient department of a dental college hospital in India. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data about the history of dental visits and reasons for use and non-use of dental services.

Results:For a majority of the people (38.5%), time since the last dental visit was more than 2 years, and the main reason for visiting a dentist was dental pain (35.3%). Majority of the people had undergone extraction of teeth in their previous dental visit (44.3%). The major reason cited for not visiting a dentist was the presence of dental problem that was not severe enough to go to a dentist (43.1%).

Conclusion: Majorityof the people were “problem-oriented visitors” rather than “prevention oriented visitors.” (Eur J Dent 2012;6:422-427)
Influence of air abrasion tips and operation modes on enamel-cutting characteristics
Authors: Peruchi Cláudia , Santos-Pinto Ary , Dias Tereza Cristina , Oliveira Ana Carolina Mascarenhas , Santos-Pinto Lourdes
Published: October 2019

Objective: To assess the influence of air abrasion tips and system operation modes on enamel cutting.

Methods: Forty bovine teeth were abraded with the air abrasion system Mach 4.1 for 10 and 15 seconds, employing conventional and sonic tips of 0.45-mm inner diameter and a 90° angle, and 27.5-μm aluminum oxide at 5.51 bar air pressure in continuous and pulsed modes. The width and depth of the resulting cuts were measured in SEM.

Results: The multivariate analysis of variances revealed that, compared to the sonic tip, the conventional tip produced shallower cuts independent of the operation mode and the application period.

Conclusions: The cutting patterns observed in this study suggest that the pulsed mode produced deeper cuts when both the conventional and sonic tips were used, and that the sonic tip cut more dental tissue than the conventional one. (Eur J Dent 2013;7:1-5)
Cephalometric comparison of obstructive sleep apnea patients and healthy controls
Authors: Gungor Ahmet Yalcin , Turkkahraman Hakan , Yilmaz H. Huseyin , Yariktas Murat
Published: October 2019

Objective: This parallel controlled clinical trial evaluated the effect of a gel containing Lippia sidoides essential oil on plaque and gingivitis control.

Methods: Thirty patients (n=30) were randomly selected and allocated into three groups: Lippia sidoides (LS, n=10), chlorhexidine (CLX, n=10) or placebo (control, n=10). Plaque and bleeding index were recorded at baseline and after three months. All volunteers were instructed to brush with the gel three times a day throughout the experiment period.

Results: There was a significant reduction on plaque and gingivitis in the test groups (P<.05), but no statistically significant difference was observed between them (P<.05).

Conclusion: A gel preparation containing 10% Lippia sidoides essential oil was an efficient herbal antiplaque and antigingivitis agent. (Eur J Dent 2013;7:28-34)
The effect of tooth bleaching on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets using self-etching primer systems
Authors: Akin Mehmet , Aksakalli Sertac , Basciftci Faruk Ayhan , Demir Abdullah
Published: October 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 10% carbamide peroxide and 38% hydrogen peroxide bleaching agents on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets using self-etching primer systems.

Methods: Forty five freshly extracted human premolar teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 teeth each: control (group 1), 10% carbamide peroxide at-home bleached (group 2), and 38% hydrogen peroxide in-office bleached (group 3). Three weeks later, all brackets were bonded using a self-etching primer system. The shear bond strength of these brackets was measured and recorded in MPa. Adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were determined after the brackets failed. Data were analyzed using Kruskal- Wallis test, pairwise comparisons were made using the Mann-Whitney U test and ARI scores were analyzed using a chi-square test at a significance level of P<.05.

Results: The shear bond strengths of group 1 (mean: 17.7 ± 9.7 MPa) were significantly higher (P<.05) than those of group 3 (mean: 9.9 ± 5.4 MPa). No significant differences were found between group 2 (mean: 12.3 ± 4.7) and either group 1 or group 3 (P>.05). ARI scores did not differ significantly among the 3 groups.

Conclusions: The use of 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching does not significantly reduce shear bond strength values. In contrast, use of 38% hydrogen peroxide bleaching significantly reduces these values. (Eur J Dent 2013;7:55-60)
Non-syndrome patient with bilateral supernumerary teeth: Case report and 9-year follow-up
Authors: Akgun Ozlem Marti , Sabuncuoglu Fidan , Altug Ayberk , Altun Ceyhan
Published: October 2019

The presence of supernumerary teeth, also known as hyperdontia, is the condition of having teeth in addition to the regular number of teeth. The occurrence of multiple supernumerary teeth is often found in association with syndromes such as Gardner syndrome, Anderson-Fabry disease, Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, incontinentia pigmenti, and Tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome. Only a few examples of nonsyndromic multiple supernumerary teeth have been reported in literature. In this report, we present the unusual case and 9-year follow up of a non-syndrome female patient with bilateral supernumerary teeth that occurred with an interval of several years. (Eur J Dent 2013;7:123-126)
Estimating the scale of the US green economy within the global context
Authors: Georgeson Lucien , Maslin Mark
Published: October 2019

The green economy has previously been defined and measured in various, but limited, ways. This article presents an estimation of the scale of and employment in the US Green Economy using a data triangulation approach that uses many sources of data and multiple types of data. This can give a suggestion of the green economy’s role in economic development and employment at the country level. It also makes it possible to compare the scale of ‘green jobs’ to employment in fossil fuel-related sectors, and to compare the US green economy to other economies. Through the Low Carbon and Environmental Goods and Services Sector (LCEGSS) dataset, the US green economy is estimated to represent $1.3 trillion in annual sales revenue and to employ nearly 9.5 million workers; both of which have grown by over 20% between 2012/13 and 2015/16. Comparison with China, OECD members and the G20 countries suggests that the US is estimated to have a greater proportion of the working age population employed (4%) and higher sales revenue per capita in the green economy. Estimated values for other countries suggests that they too have significant production and consumption in the green economy and the US should consider, as other economies are, developing energy, environmental and educational policies relevant to the green economy to remain competitive in these areas. Given the shortcomings of other data sources, this information can contribute to understanding the potential impact of changes to federal-level policies on economic sectors that are vital to combating climate change and protecting the environment.
Guns on social media: complex interpretations of gun images posted by Chicago youth
Authors: Patton Desmond U. , Frey William R. , Gaskell Michael
Published: October 2019

How should we interpret gun images on social media? Take for example the shooting at Stoneman Douglas High School. Media articles revealed that the gunman, a white adolescent male, posted images of firearms and other weapons on his social media profile prior to the shooting. On the other hand, when it comes to Black communities, digital policing strategies often intercept images with guns and individuals thought to be associated with gangs before a crime is ever committed. In this study, we use a mixed methods approach, situated in social systems theory, to make meaning of gun posting behavior among Black youth who associate with gangs in Chicago. We collected and examined a corpus of Twitter images (1851) through snowball sampling of a well-known deceased gang member in Chicago and users in their Twitter network. We identified 560 images that contain guns and asked two distinct groups to annotate images: formerly gang-involved outreach workers, known as community domain experts, at a local Chicago violence prevention organization and Master of Social Work students at Columbia University. After comparing their results, findings highlighted the prevalence and frequency of gun image posting within this corpus and critical differences in how community domain experts and social work annotators perceive guns. The various underlying intents provide a rich source of knowledge for understanding the symbolic nature of guns in the digital age.
NIR emission and energy transfer phenomena in Bi2(MoO4)3 doped with Nd3+and/or Yb3+
Authors: Tumram Priya V. , Kautkar Pranay R. , Wankhede S. P. , Belsare P. D. , Moharil S. V.
Published: October 2019

Phosphors based on Bi2(MoO4)3 host and Nd3+ and/or Yb3+ activators have been prepared for the first time. Intense NIR emissions around 1 µm are observed due to characteristic lanthanide transitions. Excitation spectra reveal that the NIR emissions are host sensitized. Bi2(MoO4)3 is a semiconductor with a band gap of the order of 2.8 eV showing intense absorption in nUV-violet region. In addition to host sensitization, Yb3+ emission is also sensitized by Nd3+ → Yb3+ energy transfer. These phosphors are thus characterized by strong, broad band excitations in nUV-violet region and NIR emissions around 1 µm. It is argued that these are suitable as spectrum modifier for enhancing solar cell performance. In addition to the nUV-violet absorption, Nd3+ doped phosphors show intense absorption arising from f-f transitions covering the range 470-890 nm. This makes them suitable for applications in solar pumped lasers.
Improving silvicultural practices for Mediterranean forests through fire behaviour modelling using LiDAR-derived canopy fuel characteristics
Authors: Botequim Brigite , Fernandes Paulo M. , Borges José G. , González-Ferreiro Eduardo , Guerra-Hernández Juan
Published: October 2019

Wildfires cause substantial environmental and socioeconomic impacts and threaten many Spanish forested landscapes. We describe how LiDAR-derived canopy fuel characteristics and spatial fire simulation can be integrated with stand metrics to derive models describing fire behaviour. We assessed the potential use of very-low-density airborne LiDAR (light detection and ranging) data to estimate canopy fuel characteristics in south-western Spain Mediterranean forests. Forest type-specific equations were used to estimate canopy fuel attributes, namely stand height, canopy base height, fuel load, bulk density and cover. Regressions explained 61–85, 70–85, 38–96 and 75–95% of the variability in field estimated stand height, canopy fuel load, crown bulk density and canopy base height, respectively. The weakest relationships were found for mixed forests, where fuel loading variability was highest. Potential fire behaviour for typical wildfire conditions was predicted with FlamMap using LiDAR-derived canopy fuel characteristics and custom fuel models. Classification tree analysis was used to identify stand structures in relation to crown fire likelihood and fire suppression difficulty levels. The results of the research are useful for integrating multi-objective fire management decisions and effective fire prevention strategies within forest ecosystem management planning.
11,500 y of human–clam relationships provide long-term context for intertidal management in the Salish Sea, British Columbia
Authors: Toniello Ginevra , Lepofsky Dana , Lertzman-Lepofsky Gavia , Salomon Anne K. , Rowell Kirsten
Published: October 2019

Significance

Climate change, habitat loss, and overharvesting are threatening coastal ecosystems worldwide. A less widely recognized threat is the decline in Indigenous mariculture practices. These practices, such as building of clam gardens, structured coastal ecosystems for millennia. Teasing out the dynamic and intertwined relationships between humans and culturally valued species, such as clams, requires long-term paleoecological and archaeological records. These records are requisite for creating meaningful management targets and for applying traditional mariculture practices, such as the tending of clam gardens, to increase the productivity and sustainability of our foods today. Documenting these interactions between humans and coastal ecosystems, such as we have done here, also counteracts the erasure of the long-term connections of Indigenous peoples to their lands and seas.
Efficient team structures in an open-ended cooperative creativity experiment
Authors: Monechi Bernardo , Pullano Giulia , Loreto Vittorio
Published: October 2019

Significance

Understanding how to best form teams to perform creative tasks is a fascinating although elusive problem. Here we propose an experimental setting for studying the performances of a population of individuals committed to an open-ended cooperative creativity task, namely the construction of LEGO artworks. The real-time parallel monitoring of the growth of the artworks and the structure and composition of the dynamically working teams allow identifying the key ingredients of successful teams. Large teams composed of committed and influential people are more effectively building. Also, there exists an optimal fraction of weak ties in the working teams, i.e., an optimal ratio exploit/explore that maximizes the building efficiency.
Connectedness to nature and its relationship with spirituality, wellbeing and sustainable behaviour (Conectividad con la naturaleza y su relación con la espiritualidad, el bienestar y la conducta sustentable)
Authors: Navarro Oscar , Tapia-Fonllem Cesar , Fraijo-Sing Blanca , Roussiau Nicolas , Ortiz-Valdez Anaïs , Guillard Mary , Wittenberg Inga , Fleury-Bahi Ghozlane
Published: October 2019

This study examines the relationship between connectedness to nature, spirituality, wellbeing and sustainable behaviour in two different cultural contexts: the cities of Nantes, France, and Hermosillo, Mexico. Using structural equation modelling (SEM), the results show that, in both places, connectedness to nature fosters spirituality and personal wellbeing, but that spirituality does not explain wellbeing. In the Mexican case studied, we observed that sustainable behaviour is explained by connectedness to nature and spirituality, and that this behaviour, in turn, favours personal wellbeing. The perspectives and limitations of the study are discussed.
Effects of contact with nature on connectedness, environmental identity and evoked contents (Efectos del contacto con la naturaleza en conectividad, identidad ambiental y contenidos evocados)
Authors: Mena-García Antonio , Olivos Pablo , Loureiro Ana , Navarro Oscar
Published: October 2019

Natural experiences influence identity and the way of interacting with the environment, and their effects are varied, including well-being and positive thoughts towards nature. This study analyses the effects produced as a result of real or virtual experiences of nature. A total of 288 people took part in this research, distributed among three experimental conditions: nature walk, images of nature and control group. Changes were registered in terms of connectedness and environmental identity, caused by the experimental conditions and differences in the free evocations generated. Connection to nature was higher among those who took part in the nature walks, related to the evocation of positive emotions, memories of social experiences in nature and pro-environmental reflections. These results are interesting for the field of environmental education and the promotion of environmental values and behaviours.
Cooper Molecules: Second Pairing of Cooper Pairs in Gapless Superconductor CeCoIn5
*
Authors: Man Jiang Hong , Cheng Ze
Published: October 2019

We establish a quantum field theory of phase transitions in gapless superconductor CeCoIn
5. It is found that uniform Cooper pair gases with pure gradient interactions with negative coefficient can undergo a Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) condensation below a critical temperature. In the BCS condensation state, bare Cooper pairs with opposite wave vectors are bound into Cooper molecules, and uncoupled bare Cooper pairs are transformed into a new kind of quasiparticle, i.e., the dressed particles. The Cooper molecule system is a condensate or a superfluid, and the dressed particle system is a normal fluid. The critical temperature is derived analytically. The critical temperature of the superconductor CeCoIn
5
is obtained to be T
c = 2.289 K, which approaches the experimental data. The transition from the BCS condensation state to the normal state is a first-order phase transition.
Socioeconomic and cultural impacts of oil palm plantation development in Indonesia
Authors: Sunarminto Tutut , Mijiarto Joko , Prabowo Eka Dana
Published: October 2019

Oil palm industries in Indonesia continue to grow and gave impacts for communities around the plantations. For this cause, it is significant to identify the socioeconomic and cultural impacts on the residential districts around the oil palm plantations and the community’s perceptions of the existence of oil palm plantations. The purpose of the study was to assess the social, economic and cultural impacts of oil palm plantations on the local community and their perceptions of oil palm plantations existence. The research was carried out in several oil palm plantations in Central Kalimantan, West Kalimantan, Lampung, South Sumatra, Riau and Merauke during the 2015-2017 period. Data collection was gathered through literature studies, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), Likert Scale questionnaires and observations. Data analysis were carried out using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results showed that the existence of oil palm plantations influenced the lives of the surrounding communities. On the socioeconomic aspect, the existence of oil palm plantations had opened up employment opportunities, opened and increased business opportunities, and increased community incomes. On the socio-cultural aspect, the existence of oil palm plantations has helped in building educational, religious, health and other infrastructure facilities. Nevertheless, it could not be denied that positive impacts have also led to various social changes within the society, including changes in the people’s lifestyles and reduced community social encounterment.
Smallholder farmers agency in the face of palm oil “negative campaign”
Authors: Darmawan Delima Hasri
Published: October 2019

It is well known that the palm oil industry in Indonesia faces many challenges. Despite having the Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) as the national effort to set standards on operating palm oil industry within the environmental ethics, Indonesia recently face the possibility of having its palm oil exports to the European Union (EU) banned in the following years. This is based on their argument that palm oil in Indonesia has created deforestation of rainforests, which they pledge to prevent based on their Resolution on Palm Oil and Deforestation of Rainforests. As a result, protests from different stakeholders in the sector have been flooding, including from the government, exporters, plantations, as well as smallholder farmers. This paper focuses on the political agency of smallholder farmers in advocating their interest against EU’s plan – which to many has been called as a “negative campaign” against palm oil. We define the term “political agency” as the capacity of smallholder farmers to participate in matters that concerns their well-being and have access to governance and policymaking. A key feature of smallholder’s political agency is their participation in the discussion of policy making through Rural Producers Organizations (RPOs) or farmers associations. We test whether previous claims on the unequal power between smallholders and large corporations hold when it comes to advocating their respective interests. Specific questions that are addressed in this paper are: (1) Do small holders advocate their concerns towards the negative campaign? Or are they “free riding”?; (2) If they independently advocate their interest, how?; (3) Does their advocacy lead to a clear response or solution from the government?; and lastly (4) How does their political agency affect their socio-economic welfare?