bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survey Paper on IoT Based Three Phase Fault Detection System with Web Dashboard
Authors: Chetan Gedam  , Abhishek Anturkatr  , Shrutika Gajbhiye  , Honey Kamble  , Amol Manker
Published: February 2022

The three-phase fault detector and analyse system is designed to differentiate the type of fault occur in power system, enhanced with the Internet of Things (IoT) by using the combinations of Arduino and Wi-Fi module. All sorts of electrical substation that supply the electric to the users like industrial or residential may have some failures due to fault that may be temporary or permanent. However, due to problems like system take a longer time to detect the type of fault and also required manually to reset off the fault make the existing protection system not efficient in supply energy to consumer. The system can be used three single phase transformers those are wired in star input and star output also three transformers are connected in star input and delta output that having 240 volts input and 12 volts output. Then, ESP NodeMCU is used as controller and also act as device that connect to the IoT system when fault is detected. The devices then link with the Blynk application User will get the i notification from Blynk application when the fault is occurred Using these devices, user could find automatically after a short-lived interruption in a provisional fault from the tripped situation in case of eternal fault.
Comparison between metamizole and triptans for migraine treatment: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Peres Mario Fernando Prieto , Scala Wanessa Alessandra Ruiz , Salazar Ricardo
Published: February 2022

Objective The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of metamizole and triptans for the treatment of migraine. MethodsRandomized controlled trials including people who received metamizole or triptan by multiple routes of administration and at all doses as treatment compared to subjects who received another treatment or placebo were included in the systematic review. The primary outcomes were freedom from pain at 2 hours; pain relief at 2 hours; sustained headache response at 24 hours; sustained freedom from pain at 24 hours. The statistical analysis of all interventions of interest were based on random effect models compared through a network meta-analysis. Results 209 studies meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed. Of these, 130 had data that could be analyzed statistically. Only 3.0% provided enough information and were judged to have a low overall risk of bias for all categories evaluated; approximately 50% of the studies presented a low risk of selection bias. More than 75% of the studies presented a low risk of performance bias, and around 75% showed a low risk of detection and attrition bias. ConclusionThere is no evidence of a difference between dipyrone and any triptan for pain freedom after 2 hours of medication. Our study suggests that metamizole may be equally effective as triptans in acute migraine treatment.
Applicability of DSM-V substance use disorder (SUD) criteria in medication overuse headache (MOH)
Authors: Lima Thaiza Agostini Córdoba de , Peres Mario Fernando Prieto , Silberstein Stephen D.
Published: February 2022

Medication overuse headache (MOH) is a chronic secondary headache disorder attributed to the frequent or regular use of analgesics or acute antimigraine drugs in patients with a primary headache disorder. In addition, it has been linked to substance use disorder (SUD) also known as drug addiction, a persistent use of drugs or substances, despite substantial damage and adverse consequences, diagnosed by DSM-V criteria. At this time, apart from opioids, acute headache medications are not included in SUD. Despite the idea that the compulsive search for reward in MOH is similar to that observed in substance dependence, the DSM-V SUD criteria have never been carefully applied to MOH. We propose to discuss each DSM-V criterion of SUD diagnosis to see whether it is appropriate to use in MOH. We considered it was not-applicable when dealing with a situation that could be explained both by addictive behavior and by poorly controlled primary headache. We conclude that the SUD criteria should not be applied to patients who meet the criteria for MOH.
Educating Consumers and Producers of Data: Review of Making Sense of Numbers by Jane E. Miller (2022)
Authors: Miller Andrew
Published: February 2022

Author Jane E. Miller has brought her considerable experience writing and teaching about numerate communication to a new textbook, Making Sense of Numbers. Miller uses clear prose, timely and authentic examples, and thought-provoking exercises to educate the next generation of consumers and producers of data, students in introductory quantitative reasoning, research methods, or data analysis courses. While the textbook does not fit the mold of a "typical" quantitative literacy course, creative instructors may find ways to use it in innovative quantitative literacy, data literacy, or introductory data science courses.
Validity and reliability of inertial measurement units for jump height estimations: a systematic review
Authors: Clemente Filipe Manuel , Badicu Georgian , Hasan Uday Ch. , Akyildiz Zeki , Pino-Ortega José , Silva Rui , Rico-González Markel
Published: February 2022

Inertial measurement units (IMUs) have been extensively used for measuring human motion. One particular outcome of interest in sports is vertical jump height, which is assessed in specific performance tests or actions occurring in training or match scenarios. This systematic review aimed to (1) identify and summarize studies that have examined the validity of wearable wireless IMUs for measuring jump height and (2) identify and summarize studies that have examined the reliability of wearable wireless IMUs for measuring jump height. A systematic review of the Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. From the 596 studies initially identified, 30 were fully reviewed, and their outcome measures were extracted and analysed. Among the 16 different IMU models, 15 were considered valid, with only one device not validated. Of the 7 IMUs that were tested for reliability, all were considered reliable for measuring jump height. In general, however, despite these findings, IMUs are not considered accurate enough to detect small changes in performance. Also, generalizations were not possible for athletic populations given the lack of studies with such samples.
El fervor cívico de los salvadoreños
Authors: González Luis Armando
Published: February 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 52, No. 587, 1997: 910-913.
The relative effectiveness of wrist joint manipulation versus ultrasound in the management of carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors:   , Maharajh Karuna
Published: February 2022

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is defined as a median nerve entrapment beneath the flexor retinaculum in the carpal canal such that it produces symptoms in the hand, wrist and upper extremity. A review of related literature suggests that statistics on the incidence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in South Africa are unavailable. In the U. s. A, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome occurs in 1% of the population and is the most frequently diagnosed peripheral neuropathy. Several studies investigating the use of conservative care in managing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome have been performed, but none have compared the effect of wrist joint manipulation and ultrasound in the management of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of wrist joint manipulation compared to ultrasound in the management of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. This randomized controlled clinical trial consisted of a study population offorty patients. The patients were randomly allocated to two groups of twenty each. One group received wrist joint manipulation while the other received ultrasound application to the palmar-radial aspect of the wrist. Both groups received four treatments over a two week period. Subjective measures included the Numerical Rating Scale-I 0 1 Questionnaire and the Carpal Tunnel Pain and Disability Form and objective measures consisted of the grip strength reading and goniometer readings for wrist flexion and extension. Both the subjective and objective measures were taken before the first and third visit and at the fifth follow- up consultation which took place during the following week. Inter-group analysis was done using the Mann- Whitney U test. Friedman's T test was used for intra-group analysis. ct was set at the 0.05 level of significance. The results were illustrated by means of tables and bar- charts. The results indicated that for intragroup analysis, a statistically significant difference existed for both groups, warranting the use of a multiple comparison procedure (Dunn' s procedure) to determine at which stage the treatment made a significant difference. For all the measures except the wrist extension reading in the ultrasound group, most improvement occurred between the first and fifth consultations. For inter-group analysis, no significant difference for any of the measures, except the wrist extension readings, was present between the two groups indicating that both wrist joint manipulation and ultrasound were equally effective in treating Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. The improvement in wrist extension, in the wrist joint manipulation group was significantly better than that in the ultrasound group. Although this study was limited by its single researcher design and could not clarify which treatment protocol was more effective, it supports the existing body of evidence in favour of both wrist joint manipulation and therapeutic ultrasound application in the management of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Impact of taxation policy on tobacco consumption in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alotaibi Hawazin Fahad , Alsanea Nasser Abdullah
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND:

Taxes on tobacco products that increase the price and target demand-reduction have been shown to be an efficient means of reducing tobacco consumption. A new policy introduced in 2017 has increased the price of a 20-cigarette pack of the most popular brand to 27.50 SAR (7.33 USD) with the tax portion being 68.09%, which is within the yardstick recommended by the World Bank.

OBJECTIVE:

Assess impact of taxes on cigarette consumption.

DESIGN:

Retrospective econometric analysis.

MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES:

The annual importation of cigarettes containing tobacco (commodity code 24022000) in metric tons (as a proxy measure of consumption).

METHODS:

An econometric analysis of cigarette prices and consumption was performed using the methods of the World Bank Economics of Tobacco Toolkit. The impact was assessed statistically through price elasticity of cigarette demand. The study used yearly data for the period 2013-2019 to compare the price elasticity of demand according to the change in price. Cigarette consumption was equated to cigarette imports (dependent variable), and correlation with the cigarette price, income, education, and unemployment was assessed as independent variables of interest.

RESULTS:

Annual importation of cigarettes declined by 27.41% for the period 2013-2019 after the imposition of ad valorem and value-added taxes in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The price of a pack of cigarettes increased by 115.1% from 2016 to 2018. The per capita consumption was inversely correlated with price *
P
=.0003285, r=-0.969). The inverse correlation between income and per capita consumption was also statistically significant (
P
=.025, r=-0.816). Education did not correlate with per capita consumption (P=.740, r=-0.155), but unemployment was inversely correlated (
P
=.008, r=-0.884). From 2016 to 2018, the price elasticity of demand became negative with respect to income as recommended by the World Health Organization. The price elasticity of demand reached -0.07, -0.8, -0.93 in 2016, 2017, 2018, respectively.

CONCLUSION:

The modification of tax policy in 2017 has resulted in a decrease in both cigarette affordability and consumption. An additional 42.67% increase in the price, or pack price of 35.81 SAR (9.54 USD) might offset the increase in individual income noted in 2019 and maintain the decreased affordability.

LIMITATIONS:

The lack of more granular data on cigarette sales and more reliable data on prevalence.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

None.
Percutaneous Y-shape reconstructive biliary stenting in Klatskin cholangiocarcinoma through a single left-sided entry
Authors: Alshumrani Ghazi Adlan , Al-Khani Abdullah Murhaf
Published: February 2022

Percutaneous Y-shape reconstructive biliary stenting in the Klatskin tumor is typically performed through bilateral biliary access. Single access from a right-side biliary entry is the more commonly used side for biliary access in general. We present a successful Y-shaped biliary stent reconstruction through a single left-side biliary approach. Unilateral single access Y-shaped biliary stenting can be technically challenging; when performed through a left biliary approach, an additional technical challenge may arise due to the unusual combination of Y-shaped biliary stent reconstruction and the single left-side biliary approach. We concluded that percutaneous Y-shaped biliary reconstruction through a left-sided unilateral approach is a technically feasible, less invasive interventional approach in managing Klatskin tumor.

SIMILAR CASES PUBLISHED:

None.
PERCEPÇÕES E VIVÊNCIAS DE ADOLESCENTES GRÁVIDAS
Authors: Amorim Gabriella Fernandes , Oliveira Deborah Cristina Nascimento de , Leite Lara Horta de Araújo , Basto Giovana Lins
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: identificar os conflitos percebidos e vivenciados por adolescentes grávidas. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo realizado na cidade de João Pessoa – PB, o qual contou com a participação de três adolescentes com até 17 anos de idade. Resultados: sobre as experiências vivenciadas pelas participantes acerca da gravidez na adolescência, foi possível encontrar três categorias de análise que foram identificadas da seguinte forma: Importância da Família; Dilemas da Gestação Precoce e; Expectativas das jovens mães. Observou-se que apesar desse choque inicial vivido pelos familiares, fica explícita na fala das entrevistadas a importância do apoio familiar para que as adolescentes consigam lidar com a gestação numa fase precoce da vida. Conclusões: conclui-se que a gravidez na adolescência é um fenômeno heterogêneo, que sofre elevada influência do contexto social em que a adolescente está inserida.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO: COMO CONSTRUIR O PROCESSO DE ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM NA LEITURA E ESCRITA NO 1º ANO
Authors: Jesus Francisca Maria de , Pordeus Marcel Pereira
Published: February 2022

Este artigo é um resumo da minha dissertação de mestrado na área educacional. Para tanto, o referido trabalho procura investigar como é construído o processo de ensino aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita com crianças do 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental. A base fundamental que provocou a presente pesquisa certificou que, embora os progressos teóricos quanto a temática, o estudo corroborou para as estratégias de aprendizagens de educadores que envolvem a alfabetização, ainda existe professores que persistem com uso de tradicionais métodos de alfabetização, e com isso, adicionados a outros fatores, crianças enfrentam dificuldades ou até mesmo fracassam no aprendizado da leitura      e escrita. Assim, nos leva a questionar, seja qual for a maneira de alfabetização vale a pena? Com relação ao desenvolvimento, nos sustentamos na teoria da Psicogênese da língua escrita, nas argumentações sobre Alfabetização e Letramento. Participaram da pesquisa duas regentes titulares de suas salas de aula no 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental I, sendo uma da sala A e outra da sala B. Dos processos metodológicos efetuamos minientrevistas, logo após as aulas com as professoras, com a finalidade de entender como era realizado o trabalho em sala de aula. As observações foram feitas em cada turma (no início e no fim entre os meses     de fevereiro e junho de 2019). As crianças foram avaliadas com três tipos de atividades (escrita de palavras, leitura de palavras, leitura e produção textual) em dois momentos diferentes (no início e no final da pesquisa). Em relação a aprendizagem, os resultados atingidos pela a turma A tiveram um avanço significativo nos eixos avaliados, já a turma B mostrou que os alunos não progrediram consideravelmente.
EVALUACIÓN DEL PROCESO DE APRENDIZAJE DEL ESTUDIANTE BASADO EN PROYECTOS DE COMPRENSIÓN
Authors: Pérez Puello Nancy , Vázquez Vargas Noelio , Fajardo Hernández Valia del Carmen , Yánez Rodríguez Marcos Alejandro
Published: February 2022

El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo proponer herramientas de evaluación en el proceso de aprendizaje del estudiante. En este sentido, se emplearon estrategias y metodologías para la evaluación mediante las actividades preliminares, actividades de investigación guiadas y actividades de proyecto final de síntesis. Asimismo, se sustentó en la teoría de las inteligencias múltiples, inmerso en la contextualización educativa ecuatoriana. La metodología empleada fue de carácter documental y enfoque cualitativo. De acuerdo al diagnóstico realizado; las evaluaciones continuas, las visitas áulicas y la experiencia del docente, arroja como resultado, la presencia de posibles debilidades en la evaluación del desempeño del estudiante, lo cual motivó al desarrollo de una propuesta de herramientas de evaluación fundamentada en proyectos de comprensión. Finalmente, se plantearon las dimensiones, los indicadores y las rúbricas para la evaluación del desempeño de los estudiantes, una propuesta de rúbrica para la evaluación de un producto final de proyecto interdisciplinario en correspondencia con los elementos cognitivos y habilidades sociales, también la importancia teórico-práctico de la evaluación y su eficiencia en la aplicación de las herramientas y la escalera de la metacognición para fortalecer el desempeño de los estudiantes, de manera que la investigación constituya una ayuda para los docentes en la aplicación de la evaluación, a partir de la práctica de los proyectos de comprensión en el perfeccionamiento de las estrategias y métodos de la evaluación del proceso de aprendizaje, desde la planificación de una nueva forma de aprender.
The vertical aerosol type distribution above Israel – 2 years of lidar observations at the coastal city of Haifa
Authors: Heese Birgit , Floutsi Athena Augusta , Baars Holger , Althausen Dietrich , Hofer Julian , Herzog Alina , Mewes Silke , Radenz Martin , Schechner Yoav Y.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. For the first time, vertically resolved long-term lidar measurements of the aerosol distribution were conducted in Haifa, Israel. The measurements were performed by a PollyXT multi–wavelength Raman and polarization lidar. The lidar was measuring continuously over a 2-year period from March 2017 to May 2019. The resulting data set is a series of manually evaluated lidar optical property profiles. To identify the aerosol types in the observed layers, a novel aerosol typing method that was developed at TROPOS is used. This method applies optimal estimation to a combination of lidar-derived intensive aerosol properties to determine the statistically most-likely contribution per aerosol component in terms of relative volume.
A case study that shows several elevated aerosol layers illustrates this method and shows, for example, that coarse dust particles are observed up to 5 km height over Israel. From the whole data set, the seasonal distribution of the observed aerosol components over Israel is derived. Throughout all seasons, coarse spherical particles like sea salt and hygroscopically grown continental aerosol were observed. These particles originate from continental Europe and were transported over the Mediterranean Sea. Sea-salt particles were observed frequently due to the coastal site of Haifa. The highest contributions of coarse spherical particles are present in summer, autumn, and winter. During spring, mostly coarse non-spherical particles that are attributed to desert dust were observed. This is consistent with the distinct dust season in spring in Israel. An automated time–height-resolved air mass source attribution method identifies the origin of the dust in the Sahara and the Arabian deserts.
Fine-mode spherical particles contribute significantly to the observed aerosol mixture during all seasons. These particles originate mainly from the industrial region at the bay of Haifa.
Simulation of the effects of low-volatility organic compounds on aerosol number concentrations in Europe
Authors: Patoulias David , Pandis Spyros N.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. PMCAMx-UF, a three-dimensional chemical transport model focusing on the simulation of the ultrafine particle size distribution and composition has
been extended with the addition of reactions of chemical aging of semivolatile anthropogenic organic vapors, the emissions and chemical aging
of
intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs), and the production of extremely low-volatility organic compounds (ELVOCs) by monoterpenes. The model
is applied in Europe to quantify the effect of these processes on particle number concentrations. The model predictions are evaluated against both
ground measurements collected during the PEGASOS 2012 summer campaign across many stations in Europe and airborne observations by a zeppelin
measuring above Po Valley, Italy. PMCAMx-UF reproduces the ground level daily average concentrations of particles with a diameter larger than
100 nm (N100) with normalized mean error (NME) of 45 % and normalized mean bias (NMB) close to 10 %. For the same simulation,
PMCAMx-UF tends to overestimate the concentration of particles
with a diameter larger than 10 nm (N10) with a daily NMB of 23 % and a
daily NME of 63 %. The model was able to reproduce more than 75 % of the N10 and N100 airborne observations (zeppelin) within a
factor of 2. According to the PMCAMx-UF predictions, the ELVOC production by monoterpenes leads to surprisingly small changes of the average number
concentrations over Europe. The total number concentration decreased due to the ELVOC formation by 0.2 %, N10 decreased by 1.1 %,
N50 (particles with a diameter larger than 50 nm) increased by 3 %, and N100 increased by 4 % due to this new secondary organic
aerosol (SOA) source. This small change is due to the nonlinearity of the system, with increases predicted in some areas and decreases in others,
but also the cancelation of the effects of the various processes like accelerated growth and accelerated coagulation. Locally, the effects can be
significant. For example, an increase in N100 by 20 %–50 % is predicted over Scandinavia and significant increases
(10 %–20 %) are predicted over some parts of central Europe. The ELVOCs contributed on average around 0.5 µg m−3 and accounted for
10 %–15 % of the PM2.5 OA. The addition of IVOC emissions and their aging reactions led to a surprising reduction of the total
number of particles (Ntot) and N10 by 10 %–15 % and 5 %–10 %, respectively, and to an increase in the
concentration of N100 by 5 %–10 %. These were due to the accelerated coagulation and reduced nucleation rates.
Heavy metal uptake of nearshore benthic foraminifera during multi-metal culturing experiments
Authors: Schmidt Sarina , Hathorne Ed C. , Schönfeld Joachim , Garbe-Schönberg Dieter
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Heavy metal pollution originating from anthropogenic sources, e.g. mining, industry and extensive land use, is increasing in many parts of the
world and influences coastal marine environments even after the source has ceased to pollute. The elevated input of heavy metals into the marine
system potentially affects the biota because of their toxicity, persistence and bioaccumulation. An emerging tool for environmental applications is
the heavy metal incorporation into foraminiferal calcite tests, which facilitates monitoring of anthropogenic footprints on recent and past
environmental systems. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the incorporation of heavy metals into foraminifera is a direct function of
their concentration in seawater. Culturing experiments with a mixture of dissolved chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc
(Zn), silver (Ag), cadmium (Cd), tin (Sn), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) in artificial seawater were carried out over a wide concentration range to
assess the uptake of heavy metals by the nearshore foraminiferal species Ammonia aomoriensis, Ammonia batava and
Elphidium excavatum. Seawater analyses revealed increasing concentrations for most metals between culturing phases and high metal
concentrations in the beginning of the culturing phases due to sudden metal addition. Furthermore, a loss of metals during the culturing
process was discovered by an offset between the added and the actual concentrations of the metals in seawater. Laser ablation ICP-MS (inductively
coupled plasma mass spectrometry) analysis of
the newly formed calcite revealed species-specific differences in the incorporation of heavy metals. The foraminiferal calcite of all three species
exhibited Pb and Ag concentrations strongly correlated with concentrations in the seawater culturing medium (partition coefficients and standard
deviation for Ag – Ammonia aomoriensis, 0.50 ± 0.02; Ammonia batava, 0.17 ± 0.01; Elphidium excavatum, 0.47 ± 0.04; for Pb – Ammonia aomoriensis, 0.39 ± 0.01; Ammonia batava, 0.52 ± 0.01;
Elphidium excavatum, 0.91 ± 0.01). Ammonia aomoriensis further showed a correlation with Mn and Cu, A. batava
with Mn and Hg, and E. excavatum with Cr and Ni and partially also with Hg. However, Zn, Sn and Cd showed no clear trend for the species
studied, which in the case of Sn was maybe caused by the lack of variation in the seawater Sn concentration. The calibrations and the calculated
partition coefficients render A. aomoriensis, A. batava and E. excavatum as natural archives that enable the
determination of variations in some heavy metal concentrations in seawater in polluted and pristine environments.
Predicting the impact of spatial heterogeneity on microbially mediated nutrient cycling in the subsurface
Authors: Khurana Swamini , Heße Falk , Hildebrandt Anke , Thullner Martin
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The subsurface is a temporally dynamic and spatially heterogeneous
compartment of the Earth's critical zone, and biogeochemical transformations
taking place in this compartment are crucial for the cycling of nutrients.
The impact of spatial heterogeneity on such microbially mediated nutrient
cycling is not well known, which imposes a severe challenge in the prediction
of in situ biogeochemical transformation rates and further of nutrient
loading contributed by the groundwater to the surface water bodies.
Therefore, we used a numerical modelling approach to evaluate the
sensitivity of groundwater microbial biomass distribution and nutrient
cycling to spatial heterogeneity in different scenarios accounting for
various residence times. The model results gave us an insight into domain
characteristics with respect to the presence of oxic niches in predominantly
anoxic zones and vice versa depending on the extent of spatial heterogeneity
and the flow regime. The obtained results show that microbial abundance,
distribution, and activity are sensitive to the applied flow regime and that
the mobile (i.e. observable by groundwater sampling) fraction of microbial
biomass is a varying, yet only a small, fraction of the total biomass in a
domain. Furthermore, spatial heterogeneity resulted in anaerobic niches in
the domain and shifts in microbial biomass between active and inactive
states. The lack of consideration of spatial heterogeneity, thus, can result
in inaccurate estimation of microbial activity. In most cases this leads to
an overestimation of nutrient removal (up to twice the actual amount) along
a flow path. We conclude that the governing factors for evaluating this are
the residence time of solutes and the Damköhler number (Da) of the
biogeochemical reactions in the domain. We propose a relationship to scale
the impact of spatial heterogeneity on nutrient removal governed by the
log10Da. This relationship may be applied in upscaled descriptions of
microbially mediated nutrient cycling dynamics in the subsurface thereby
resulting in more accurate predictions of, for example, carbon and nitrogen cycling
in groundwater over long periods at the catchment scale.
One hundred plus years of recomputed surface wave magnitude of shallow global earthquakes
Authors: Di Giacomo Domenico , Storchak Dmitry A.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Among the multitude of magnitude scales developed to measure the size of an earthquake,
the surface wave magnitude Ms is the only magnitude type that can be computed
since the dawn of modern observational seismology (beginning of the 20th century)
for most shallow earthquakes worldwide.
This is possible thanks to the work of station operators, analysts and researchers
that performed measurements of surface wave amplitudes and periods on analogue instruments
well before the development of recent digital seismological practice.
As a result of a monumental undertaking to digitize such pre-1971 measurements from printed bulletins
and integrate them in parametric data form into the database of the International Seismological Centre
(ISC, http://www.isc.ac.uk, last access: August 2021), we are able to recompute Ms using a large set of stations and
obtain it for the first time for several hundred earthquakes.
We summarize the work started at the ISC in 2010 which aims to provide the seismological
and broader geoscience community with a revised Ms dataset
(i.e., catalogue as well as the underlying station data) starting from December 1904
up to the last complete year reviewed by the ISC (currently 2018).
This Ms dataset is available at the ISC Dataset Repository
at https://doi.org/10.31905/0N4HOS2D (International Seismological Centre, 2021d).
Sensitivity of asymmetric oxygen minimum zones to mixing intensity and stoichiometry in the tropical Pacific using a basin-scale model (OGCM-DMEC V1.4)
Authors: Wang Kai , Wang Xiujun , Murtugudde Raghu , Zhang Dongxiao , Zhang Rong-Hua
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The tropical Pacific Ocean holds the two largest oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) in the world's oceans, showing a prominent hemispheric
asymmetry, with a much stronger and broader OMZ north of the Equator.
However, many models have difficulties in reproducing the observed
asymmetric OMZs in the tropical Pacific. Here, we apply a fully coupled
basin-scale model to evaluate the impacts of stoichiometry and the
intensity of vertical mixing on the dynamics of OMZs in the
tropical Pacific. We first utilize observational data of dissolved oxygen (DO) to calibrate and validate the basin-scale model. Our model experiments
demonstrate that enhanced vertical mixing combined with a reduced O:C
utilization ratio can significantly improve our model capability of
reproducing the asymmetric OMZs. Our study shows that DO concentration is
more sensitive to biological processes over 200–400 m but to physical
processes below 400 m. Applying an enhanced vertical mixing causes a modest
increase in physical supply (1–2 mmol m−3 yr−1) and a small
increase (< 0.5 mmol m−3 yr−1) in biological consumption
over 200–1000 m, whereas applying a reduced O:C utilization ratio leads to a
large decrease (2–8 mmol m−3 yr−1) in both biological consumption
and physical supply in the OMZs. Our analyses suggest that biological
consumption (greater rate to the south than to the north) cannot explain the
asymmetric distribution of mid-depth DO in the tropical Pacific, but
physical supply (stronger vertical mixing to the south) plays a major role in
regulating the asymmetry of the tropical Pacific's OMZs. This study also
highlights the important roles of physical and biological interactions and
feedbacks in contributing to the asymmetry of OMZs in the tropical Pacific.
THE GREEK – ROMAN AQUEDUCT: THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION WITH TERRESTRIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors: Georgiou E.–S.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The current paper is a part of the scientific category HBIM, with ground photography and photogrammetric processing. The photogrammetry is an important tool for recording, storing, promoting and documenting buildings. The purpose of the work is to construct a three-dimensional model of the Greek-Roman aqueduct of the city of Kavala, in northern Greece. First of all, the aqueduct has a very important historical and aesthetic value for the city, because it is a tourist attraction. Also, it is an urban physical boundary, which separates part of the old town from the new roads of the coastal front. Moreover, the methodology was based on photographic shots, then on photogrammetric processing with Zephyr software. The methodology of the 3D model had as a purpose the terrestrial photography in a rapid and effective way. The result, of the work is the presentation of the three-dimensional model of the aqueduct, the analysis of the methodological steps of photogrammetric processing and the analysis of the historical transformation of the aqueduct area by a medieval and modern coastal city. The advantages of photogrammetric documentation have a role in the storage of the three-dimensional form of the historical building and in the smart promotion of its historical, touristic, urban aspects.
TOWARDS DIGITAL TWIN DRIVEN CULTURAL HERITAGE MANAGEMENT: A HBIM-BASED WORKFLOW FOR ENERGY IMPROVEMENT OF MODERN BUILDINGS
Authors: Massafra A. , Predari G. , Gulli R.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Europe has numerous historic buildings that need to become more energy-efficient, which need permanent maintenance and refurbishment to fulfill sustainability and use requirements. Asset owners and asset managers need to adopt new strategies to protect listed buildings while optimizing costs and benefits during their life cycle. In this sense, the digital transition proves to be a moment to seize for opening new scenarios. The Digital Twin paradigm promises to be valuable for enabling the sustainable knowledge, conservation, restoration, and management of built assets and solving the dilemma about protecting the architectural identity of these buildings while adapting them to the functional and performance requirements dictated by the regulatory framework. This study proposes a workflow that integrates Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) and Building Performance Simulation (BPS) tools for data-driving the energy improvement of Italian listed modern buildings built between the 1920s and 1960s. After acquiring information about the building, the HBIM model and the Building Energy Model (BEM) are realized based on the International Foundation Classes (IFC) standard. Energy intervention measures are defined, construction costs are computed, and benefits during the intervention life cycle are predicted in thermal demand. Finally, an expeditious multi-criteria analysis allows for comparing different intervention combinations and indicating the optimal solution for the energy improvement of the building concerning energy, economic, and financial issues. These outcomes represent the first step towards realizing a dynamic, accessible, and sharable Digital Twin.
MONITORING THE DEFORMATION PROCESS OF ENGINEERING STRUCTURES USING BIM TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Annenkov A.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. This paper reports on the scientific approach to integrating the results of geodetic measurements into an integrated BIM system for geotechnical monitoring of building structures. The method is based on systematic monitoring of deformations with the determination of the influence of external factors, which makes it possible to process a significant amount of information obtained during the monitoring process and promptly process the information about the stress-strain state of the object in real-time.New technology for assessing the technical condition of high-rise buildings is proposed. The core of this technology is an estimation of defects and deformations of structures using BIM during the building construction and operation.Using the mathematical tools of BIM technology in geotechnical monitoring of engineering structures makes it poss ible to create a quantitative information model. The model comprises the results of geodetic measurements, measurements of climate loads, and measurements of geological deformations. As a result, a quantitative assessment of defects and damage during the construction and operation of high-rise buildings becomes possible.BIM allows determining the risks of critical states occurrence of building structures, assessing the probability level of the ir occurrence, and predicting the degree of influence of these risks on the safe operation of the entire structure. Simultaneously, the BIM estimates the stress-strain state of a high-rise building based on the results of deformation monitoring. The considered approach is affordable to any measurements. The use of information technologies in the monitoring of engineering structures during construction and operation will make it possible to collect and accumulate significant statistical data related to the influence of specific external factors on the stress-strain state of the structure. Subsequent processing of this information will make it possible to identify and predict the dependence of defects and deformations of building structures on certain factors and cla rify their weight values.
METHODOLOGY OF SEISMIC BLASTING IN QUARRIES
Authors: Pandula B. , Kondela J. , Buchla I. , Baulovič J.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Blasting induced vibration is one of the fundamental problems in the quarries and intense vibration can cause critical damage to environment nearby the quarries. Blasting operations generate seismic waves with different maximum particle velocity and wide spectrum of frequencies. This process depends on the properties of the rocks, properties of charges and technology of blasting. It is very important to study how to control vibration induced by blasting in the mitigation of negative effects of blasting in quarries. Maximum values of the particle velocity are depended on great number of different factors. The article presents the results of the analysis as well as an evaluation methodology of seismic safety of the objects during blasting work held by the seismic waves’ attenuation law and milisecond timing. Methodology of the evaluation of seismic effects of blasting are base for evaluation of the effects of seismic blasting in quarries in Slovakia.
IFC DATA MAPPING BASED ON A PARAMETRIC BIM CODING FOR AN EFFICIENT WORKFLOW IN THE QUANTIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION COSTS
Authors: Ruano-Ruiz R. , Nieto-Julián J. E. , Moyano J.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. In recent years there has been a great effort by the agents of the AECO sector aimed at an efficient use of data interoperability between the participating disciplines and the applicability in the specific software. In this context, the BIM (Building Information Modeling) methodology, moves in a collaborative data management environment to monitor and control the design, planning, cost control, construction processes. and building maintenance. But to enjoy the benefits of BIM in its fifth dimension (5D), cost and time savings, it is essential to properly plan each phase of the project and manage the information effectively within the same team.Therefore, this research aims to validate an effective method for the creation of the information of a constructive entity using codes, disaggregated by budget line items, necessary for the mapping of data in the structure of the IFC file (Industry Foundation Classes) and the confrontation with the filtering rules in quantification programs, in 1 to 1 relationship. Under normal conditions, the item to be measured would have a quality or parameter that distinguishes it from another item. All elements are mapped following an IFC structure using the eCOB standard. This information will be collected in the quantification program to compare it with the information established in the rule corresponding to each item.The analyzed and tested method, based on a proper structuring and classification of data of the elements that make up the BIM model, has been productive and efficient in avoiding random decision-making by the operator who analyzes the quantifications and that may lead to errors or inaccuracies when applying the metric. The result of the study shows that the combinations of parameters, influences by the possible variables of the constructive element, can be considerably reduced. The percentage of rules would decrease by a ratio of 17/120 in the IFC information mapping process to be validated in quantification and valuation software, improving data exchange and interoperability in an international environment.
THE CAPABILITIES OF 3D GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DECISION-SUPPORT PROCESS FOR DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, AND EMPLOYMENT OF ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
Authors: Seredovich V. , Vach K. , Shults R.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The presented paper is concerned with the capabilities of 3D geospatial technologies in the decision-support process for the design, construction, and employment of engineering structures. Among the various geospatial technologies, the primary stress is made on terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). Despite the widespread application of TLS, its opportunities are not studied thoroughly. A vast volume of studies is dedicated to accuracy, processing workflow, and modeling by TLS data. However, only scanty research considers the TLS technology and data from an ordinary civil engineer's point of view. This study attempts to fill this gap. Covered topics are analysis of the current trends of measurement technologies; in-depth analysis of laser scanning results as a source of new unique data; laser scanning for industrial applications; laser scanning and BIM integration. Except for the mentioned topics, the new concept of the complete control of geometric parameters during the construction and operation of engineering structures is introduced. Complete control plays an indispensable role in the decision-support process during the building life cycle and therefore is an inherent part of any BIM. A description of the steps of complete control and its different applications for civil engineering is given. The decision-support process is addressed for different structures, e.g., roads, civil and industrial structures, oil and gas industry objects, etc. Moreover, complete control is considered for the various stages of a building life cycle, from design to demolition. The results provide convincing evidence that the complete control by TLS data has a prominent role in the decision-support process for civil engineering.
A SIMPLE DEVICE FOR MONITORING CRACKS FROM PHOTOGRAPHS
Authors: Wojnarowski A. E. , Leonteva A. B. , Soonvald Е. S.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The article presents a simple technological solution PMC (PhotoMicrometer Contrast) for monitoring cracks and deformation joints in buildings and structures. The solution is based on the methods of image processing and photogrammetry. The monitoring equipment includes a special marker, a digital camera and specialized processing software. The marker consists of two thin plastic plates where Aruco marks and special measuring areas are printed. There are two types of markers – for monitoring in one or two directions of crack development. While monitoring is performed, two plates are fixed on both sides of the crack or deformation joint. Then the plates are photographed with a digital camera as often as the observation cycle requires. Any conventional modern digital camera is suitable for photographing after successfully passing the distortion effect test described in the article. Image processing in the software includes automatic identification of the marker in the image, binarization of the image, determination of its scale and dimensions of measuring areas in the current observation cycle. For processing images made at large angles of inclination and rotation, a preliminary solution of the resection in space and the images rectification to the found angles is provided. The dynamics of crack development is determined by the results of several cycles of observations collected over period. Our technology ensures the accuracy of the determination of coordinates and deformations at the level of 0.05 mm and higher for photographing distances from 0.3 to 50 m.
PENGARUH RELAKSASI AUTOGENIK TERHADAP GULA DARAH PADA PASIEN DM TIPE 2
Authors: Astuti Ani Widi
Published: February 2022

ABSTRAK

Diabetes melitus tipe 2 merupakan penyakit kronis ditandai hiperglikemia akibat ketidakmampuan melakukan metabolisme karbohidrat, lemak, protein. Diabetes melitus tipe 2 dapat dikontrol dengan terapi nonfarmakologis relaksasi autogenik. Relaksasi Autogenik adalah teknik yang memungkinkan seseorang untuk memperlambat pikiran dan tubuh yang menurunkan detak jantung seseorang, memperlambat system pernapasan, membiarkan darah mengalir lebih mudah melalui tubuh dan meningkatkan fungsi system kekebalan tubuh (Singh, et al, 2018).Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi relaksasi autogenik terhadap kadar gula darah pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Puskesmas Pancoran Mas Depok. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Quasi Experiment dengan rancangan Pretest dan Posttest non equivalent control group. Pengumpulan sampel peneliti menggunakan metode purposive sampling sebanyak 26 responden. Berdasarkan uji parametric T-test pada kelompok intervensi menunjukkan nilai yang signifikan antara pre-post sebesar 0,000 (p<0,05). Pada kelompok kontrol menunjukkan nilai yang tidak signifikan pada pre-post sebesar 0,570 (p>0,05). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada pengaruh terhadap kadar gula darah dan perbedaan yang bermakna sebelum dan sesudah pemberian relaksasi autogenik. Peneliti menyarankan hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan masukan bagi dunia keperawatan dan dapat digunakan sebagai pengobatan nonfarmakologi bagi penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2.
PENGARUH PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KELELAHAN PERAWAT RAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT SOSIAL BOGOR, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Sulistiadi Wahyu Sulistiadi
Published: February 2022

Rumah Sakit Sosial (Rumah Sakit X) di yang berada di Bogor ini merupakan salah satu rumah sakit not for profit yang melayani pasien tidak mampu dengan rata-rata kondisi penyakit khronis dan terminal. Hal ini  dapat menyebabkan kelelahan yang dapat terjadi pada perawat dengan jumlah sumber daya yang terbatas. Kondisi demikian membutuhkan kepemimpinan transformasional yang dapat mengelola sehingga tercipta layanan kesehatan dengan optimal. Desain penelitian ini kuantitatif analitik menggunakan data survey cross sectional study pada tahun 2014 tetapi masih dapat digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis dengan jumlah populasi perawat rawat inap 56 orang. Hasil penelitian ini signifikan ada pengaruh negative kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap kelelahan perawat rawat inap dengan nilai sig hitung 0,004 nilai t hitung -3,043 dengan konstanta B -0,657 artinya bila kepemimpinan transformasional diimplementasikan akan dapat menurunkan tingkat kelelahan perawat. Saran untuk para pimpinan rumah sakit selalu memperhatikan kondisi kelelahan yang terjadi pada perawat dan dapat mengganggu layanan keperawatan.