bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic proteome trade-offs regulate bacterial cell size and growth in fluctuating nutrient environments
Authors: Kratz Josiah C. , Banerjee Shiladitya
Published: May 2023

Bacteria dynamically regulate cell size and growth to thrive in changing environments. While previous studies have characterized bacterial growth physiology at steady-state, a quantitative understanding of bacterial physiology in time-varying environments is lacking. Here we develop a quantitative theory connecting bacterial growth and division rates to proteome allocation in time-varying nutrient environments. In such environments, cell size and growth are regulated by trade-offs between prioritization of biomass accumulation or division, resulting in decoupling of single-cell growth rate from population growth rate. Specifically, bacteria transiently prioritize biomass accumulation over production of division machinery during nutrient upshifts, while prioritizing division over growth during downshifts. When subjected to pulsatile nutrient concentration, we find that bacteria exhibit a transient memory of previous metabolic states due to the slow dynamics of proteome reallocation. This allows for faster adaptation to previously seen environments and results in division control which is dependent on the time-profile of fluctuations.
In situ observation of glass-like fragmentation of high-temperature silicate melts generating fine ashes
Authors: Namiki Atsuko , Okumura Satoshi , Goto Akio , Yamada Tsutomu
Published: May 2023

Volcanic ash originating from the fragmentation of magma damages infrastructure and the environment. Bubble expansion is crucial in magma fragmentation, but low-intensity eruptions frequently emit ashes with fewer bubbles. We here conducted tensional experiments on silicate melt at a high temperature, at which the melt elongates or fractures depending on the strain rate. A fracture occurs by appearing of a crack on the melted silicate rod, followed by a generation of small fragments. The fracture surface shows a smooth and rough region dichotomy, similar to those observed on glass fracture surfaces at room temperature. The rough surface region generates small fragments. Interestingly, the measured stress-strain curves indicate fragmentation occurs under viscous deformation. These results suggest that silicate melts under viscous deformation fragment, as glass does at room temperature. The ductility around the crack tip promotes void nucleation and coalescence, causing the crack to branch to generate dense, fine volcanic ashes.
Sugarcane molasses essential oils: mesoporous silica nanoparticles as carriers to improve their slow-release activity and the study on their anti-inflammatory activitiesin vivo
Authors: Jiang Fengyu , Chen Weiming , Zhang Kai , Mo Mengmiao , Ding Zhendong , Bi Yongguang , Kong Fansheng
Published: May 2023

SMEOs was extracted by MAHD, the composition of SMEOs was identified and analyzed by GC-MS. SMEOs was loaded into MSNPs to evaluate its sustained release activity, and the anti-inflammatory activity of SMEOsin vivowas determined.
Tuning interfacial two-component superconductivity in CoSi2/TiSi2 heterojunctions via TiSi2 diffusivity
Authors: Chiu Shao-Pin , Mishra Vivek , Li Yu , Zhang Fu-Chun , Kirchner Stefan , Lin Juhn-Jong
Published: May 2023

We report the observation of enhanced interfacial two-component superconductivity possessing a dominant triplet component in nonmagnetic CoSi2/TiSi2 superconductor/normal-metal planar heterojunctions.
Comparative analysis of cobalt ferrite and iron oxide nanoparticles using bimodal hyperthermia, along with physical and in silico interaction with human hemoglobin
Authors: Kritika  , Pant Megha , Yadav Monika , Verma Anita Kamra , Mahapatro Ajit K. , Roy Indrajit
Published: May 2023

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have captivated the scientific community towards biomedical applications owing to their numerous distinctive physio-chemical properties.
A dual mode ‘turn-on’ fluorescence-Raman (SERS) response probe based on a 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one scaffold for monitoring H2S levels in biological samples
Authors: Panthalattu Parambil Archana , Shamjith Shanmughan , Kurian Jais , Kesavan Akila , Sen Ashis K. , Thangaraj Paul R. , Maiti Kaustabh Kumar , Manheri Muraleedharan K.
Published: May 2023

A new chemical probe that responds to hydrogen sulfide in dual mode through distinct fluorescence and Raman (SERS) signals has been developed, and is useful in quantitative estimations.
Lipidest: a lipid profile screening test under extreme point of care settings using a portable spinning disc and an office scanner
Authors: Pakira Victor , Agarwal Rahul , Chatterjee Subhamoy , Mukherjee Arghya , Chakraborty Suman
Published: May 2023

We present a low-cost and portable point-of-care lipid profile measurement device based on centrifugal microfluidics principles. We validate our device with venous and capillary bloods.
Ultra-small manganese dioxide nanoparticles with high T1 relaxivity for magnetic resonance angiography
Authors: Jiang Yuting , Gu Haojie , Cai Zhongyuan , Fu Shengxiang , Cao Yingzi , Jiang Lingling , Wu Changqiang , Chen Wei , Xia Chunchao , Lui Su , Song Bin , Gong Qiyong , Ai Hua
Published: May 2023

Ultra-small MnO2/PAA NPs with a high relaxivity of 29.0 Mn mM−1 s−1 are promising candidates for MR imaging of vascular pathologies.
A novel wound dressing based on a gold nanoparticle self-assembled hydrogel to promote wound healing
Authors: Chen Weihong , Chu Ruixi , Li Hualong , Hua Tianfeng , Chen Hong , Li Rui , Zhou Deqing , Cao Sufeng , Ye Sheng , Li He
Published: May 2023

A schematic description of Au@hydrogel for wound healing.
Controlling local thermal gradients at molecular scales with Janus nanoheaters
Authors: Jiang Mingxuan , Chapman Aidan , Olarte-Plata Juan D. , Bresme Fernando
Published: May 2023

Functionalised Janus nanoparticles provide a route to sustain substantial temperature gradients over nanometer lengthscales.
Rational design of periodic porous titanium nitride MXene as a multifunctional catalytic membrane
Authors: Zhang Tianqi , Zheng Zhaojian , Lu Hao , Liu Hao , Chen Guobo , Xia Shuwei , Zhou Long , Qiu Meng
Published: May 2023

Inspired by the experimental realization of lattice-porous graphene and mesoporous MXenes, the possibility of lattice-penetrated porous titanium nitride, Ti12N8, was proposed and verified by density functional theory calculations.
3D printing soluble solids via PISA
Authors: Priester Aaron , Yeng Jimmy , Zhang Yuwei , Wang Risheng , Convertine Anthony J.
Published: May 2023

Aqueous PISA-based resins employing a difunctional PEG macro CTA were utilized to DLP print 3D objects. Objects are held together by physical crosslinks (looped coronas via PISA), which allows them to be dissolved in certain solvents after printing.
Post-polymerisation modification of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) using thiol–ene and phosphine addition
Authors: Al-Shok Lucas , Town James S. , Coursari Despina , Wilson Paul , Haddleton David M.
Published: May 2023

Post modification of biodegradable polyesters as biodegradable dispersants.
Isolation and redox reactivity of cerium complexes in four redox states
Authors: Hsueh Fang-Che , Rajeshkumar Thayalan , Maron Laurent , Scopelliti Rosario , Sienkiewicz Andrzej , Mazzanti Marinella
Published: May 2023

The tris-siloxide tripodal ligand stabilizes a cerium complex in four different oxidation states and allows the unprecedented two-electron reduction of Ce(iii) to yield masked Ce(i) enabling cerium based multielectron redox chemistry.
Metal–organic gels and their derived materials for electrochemical applications
Authors: Ma Shasha , Xu Jie , Sohrabi Somayeh , Zhang Jianyong
Published: May 2023

Metal–organic gels and their derived carbon and metal oxide materials are reviewed for their electrochemical applications in electricity/ion conductors, energy storage and conversion.
Self-powered, ultra-broadband, and polarization-sensitive photodetectors based on 1D van der Waals layered material Nb2Pd3Se8
Authors: Qin Qinggang , Gao Wenshuai , Zhang Hanlin , Chen Jiawang , Yan Yong , Zhu Kejia , Long Mingsheng , Li Gang , Yin Shiqi , Du Yuchen , Zhang Hui , Wang Qilong , Wang Zihan , Li Ying , Wang Shaotian , Li Liang
Published: May 2023

A Nb2Pd3Se8 photodetector based on the photothermoelectric effect exhibits a broadband detection capability (365 nm–10.6 μm) without external bias and polarization-sensitive detection capability with an anisotropic ratio of 1.42.
Near-room-temperature waste heat recovery through radiative cooling for both daytime and nighttime power generation
Authors: Chang Sih-Wei , Chen Yen-Jen , Wan Dehui , Chen Hsuen-Li
Published: May 2023

A newly designed daytime radiative cooling (DRC) strategy significantly enhances near-room-temperature waste heat recovery, generating power in both the daytime and nighttime.
MagTrack: A Wearable Tongue Motion Tracking System for Silent Speech Interfaces
Authors: Cao Beiming , Ravi Shravan , Sebkhi Nordine , Bhavsar Arpan , Inan Omer T. , Xu Wen , Wang Jun
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

Current electromagnetic tongue tracking devices are not amenable for daily use and thus not suitable for silent speech interface and other applications. We have recently developed MagTrack, a novel wearable electromagnetic articulograph tongue tracking device. This study aimed to validate MagTrack for potential silent speech interface applications.

Method:

We conducted two experiments: (a) classification of eight isolated vowels in consonant–vowel–consonant form and (b) continuous silent speech recognition. In these experiments, we used data from healthy adult speakers collected with MagTrack. The performance of vowel classification was measured by accuracies. The continuous silent speech recognition was measured by phoneme error rates. The performance was then compared with results using data collected with commercial electromagnetic articulograph in a prior study.

Results:

The isolated vowel classification using MagTrack achieved an average accuracy of 89.74% when leveraging all MagTrack signals (x,y,zcoordinates; orientation; and magnetic signals), which outperformed the accuracy using commercial electromagnetic articulograph data (onlyy,zcoordinates) in our previous study. The continuous speech recognition from two subjects using MagTrack achieved phoneme error rates of 73.92% and 66.73%, respectively. The commercial electromagnetic articulograph achieved 64.53% from the same subject (66.73% using MagTrack data).

Conclusions:

MagTrack showed comparable results with the commercial electromagnetic articulograph when using the same localized information. Adding raw magnetic signals would improve the performance of MagTrack. Our preliminary testing demonstrated the potential for silent speech interface as a lightweight wearable device. This work also lays the foundation to support MagTrack's potential for other applications including visual feedback–based speech therapy and second language learning.
From the Rocky Coast and Across the Mountaintops: Maine's Collaborative Early Intervention Program for Children Who Are D/deaf or Hard of Hearing
Authors: Puhlman Jane , Spencer Amy , Hopkins Karen , Lepage Naomi
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this article is to share the old and new process of early intervention services in Maine for children who are D/deaf or hard of hearing (DHH), the Exploring Language and Communication Opportunities (ELCO) process and resources available to families of children who are DHH living in Maine.

Conclusions:

Prior to 2016, families in Maine with children who are DHH were referred to multiple agencies for services, causing confusion and increased stress. In addition, when gathering information to better support their child, families were receiving conflicting information across their service providers. With a new referral process and ELCO, a unified message related to communication and language opportunities is shared, as well as the resources available in the community.
Augmented driver behavior models for high‐fidelity simulation study of crash detection algorithms
Authors: Jami Ahura , Razzaghpour Mahdi , Alnuweiri Hussein , Fallah Yaser P.
Published: May 2023

Developing safety and efficiency applications for Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) requires a great deal of testing and evaluation. The need for the operation of these systems in critical and dangerous situations makes the burden of their evaluation very costly, possibly dangerous, and time‐consuming. As an alternative, researchers attempt to study and evaluate their algorithms and designs using simulation platforms. Modeling the behavior of drivers or human operators in CAVs or other vehicles interacting with them is one of the main challenges of such simulations. While developing a perfect model for human behavior is a challenging task and an open problem, a significant augmentation of the current models used in simulators for driver behavior is presented. In this paper, a simulation framework for a hybrid transportation system is presented that includes both human‐driven and automated vehicles. In addition, the human driving task is decomposed and a modular approach is offered to simulate a large‐scale traffic scenario, allowing for a thorough investigation of automated and active safety systems. Such representation through Interconnected modules offers a human‐interpretable system that can be tuned to represent different classes of drivers. Additionally, a large driving dataset is analyzed to extract expressive parameters that would best describe different driving characteristics. Finally, a similarly dense traffic scenario is recreated within the simulator and a thorough analysis of various human‐specific and system‐specific factors is conducted, studying their effect on traffic network performance and safety.
Wind farm repowering optimization: a techno‐economic‐aesthetic approach
Authors: Tao Siyu , Zhang Chaohai , Feijóo Andrés , Kim Victor
Published: May 2023

When a wind farm (WF) approaches the end of its life cycle, repowering is another opportunity for wind energy to prove its value. This paper proposes an optimization framework to guide the WF repowering, considering the power generation, the economic cost, and the aesthetic of the WF when various types of new wind turbines (WTs) are added. When calculating the wake deficits inside the WF, a three‐dimensional (3‐D) Gaussian wake model is applied which considers the height differences among the new WTs. A harmony pattern metric is used to assess the visual impact of the rebuilt WF. This optimization problem is formulated as an integer programming (IP) problem and is tackled by the integer particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm. The wind data used for this optimization procedure is predicted by the auto‐regressive (AR) model. The case study on the OWEZ WF verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method. It is also validated that the application of predicted wind data is better than the historical data for WF repowering optimization.
Mechanical joining of high-strength multi-material systems − trends and innovations
Authors: Merklein Marion , Jäckisch Manuel , Kuball Clara-Maria , Römisch David , Wiesenmayer Sebastian , Wituschek Simon
Published: May 2023

In conjunction with mechanical joining processes. Mechanical joining processes play a key role for the realization of multi-material lightweight structures, which are essential with regard to environmental protection. However, joining of dissimilar high-strength materials is challenging due to the varying properties of the joining partners and due to their high flow stresses and often limited ductility. Thus, the evolution of established processes as well as the development of innovative and highly productive joining technologies are necessary. Requirements for a highly volatile production environment are versatility, flexibility, resilience and robustness. Within this contribution, current trends and innovations related to selected mechanical joining processes for enabling the material mix are outlined in order to point out opportunities to address these requirements in the future. In this context, joining using cold formed pin structures is presented as a promising approach for connecting dissimilar materials like metals to fibre-reinforced plastics. Furthermore, it is shown how the shear-clinching technology can be combined with a process-adapted application of locally limited heat treatment in order to promote the joinability and control the material flow during joining. A novel approach for reducing process forces and expanding process windows is the use of ultrasonic assistance for mechanical joining operations, which is demonstrated by the example of a nut staking process with superimposed high frequency oscillation. As concerns the widely used self-piercing riveting technique, current research activities relate not only to the further development of the joining process itself, for example by combining self-piercing riveting and tumbling, but also to the use of new rivet materials like high strain hardening stainless steels. In addition, the evolution towards mechanical joining 4.0 against the background of data-based process control in conjunction with of mechanical joining processes is also subject of the considerations.
The effects of abusive supervision on cyberloafing behavior
Authors: Liu Ye , Wu Wenbing
Published: May 2023

With the development of the Internet, cyberloafing becomes the workplace problem for many organizations. It will negatively influence organisations’ productivity and performance. In this study, we examined the direct and indirect relationship (via meaningful work) between abusive supervision and cyberloafing, based on the theory of social cognition and social exchange. Data collected from 183 participants were analysed using hierarchical regression. The results showed that abusive supervision has a significant positive impact on cyberloafing, both directly and indirectly. We suggest that organizations should reduce abusive supervision by leaders and take measures to cultivate employees ' sense of work meaning.
The effects of organizational trust climate on creative deviance behavior
Authors: Zhang Yiran , Wu Wenbing
Published: May 2023

Based on resource conservation theory, this study investigates the influence mechanism between organizational trust climate and creative deviance behavior, and constructs a model with psychological security as a mediating variable. Through questionnaire research and empirical analysis of 186 employees, the study shows that organizational trust climate positively influences employee creative deviance behavior; psychological security plays a mediating role between organizational trust climate and creative deviance behavior. The study enriches the exploration of the antecedents of creative deviance behavior and verifies the role of organizational trust climate in promoting creative deviance behavior for the first time, which provides certain insights for enterprise management practice.
Feasibility plan for ideological and political construction of engineering courses - Take the course “Motor and Electrical Control Technology” as an example
Authors: Liu Ping , Wu Min
Published: May 2023

Our country's higher education is based on “literacy” and “cultivating people” as the core. How to silently integrate ideological and political elements into the teaching process of engineering professional courses is a problem that requires thinking and long-term construction. In order to cultivate high-skilled and high-quality talents with both talents and virtues, it is urgent to build an ideological and political program suitable for engineering courses. On the basis of analyzing the national boundary attributes of engineering majors, this paper integrates ideological and political elements into engineering majors, and constructs an ideological and political teaching system for engineering majors. On the basis of knowledge imparting, ability training, and spiritual shaping in the design of professional courses, six ideological and political goals of courses are cultivated, and the ideological and political curriculum construction framework of professional courses is constructed by combining three teaching modules, and three ideological and political strategies are integrated into three courses. Taking the course of “Motor and Electrical Control Technology” as an example, this paper discusses the feasibility of the ideological and political construction plan for engineering majors.
Research on the development strategy and talent training of vocational Chinese language
Authors: Zhang Yan
Published: May 2023

There are some problems in the development of vocational Chinese, such as the unsystematic teaching materials, the unreasonable curriculum, the simple cultivation mode and insufficient professional teachers. Therefore, it puts forward strategies such as creation of special courses, optimization of training objectives and establishment of “Double Tutor” system. In terms of personnel training, we should clarify the career orientation and update the training concept. We recommend establishing a flexible joint training and exchange student system and advocating School-enterprise cooperation.
Distribution rules of conflict events and management countermeasures of large-scale construction engineering projects
Authors: Wang Yi , Hou Yiru , Hou Xueliang
Published: May 2023

The processes of large-scale construction projects implementation are often affected with various internal and external factors, which result in various conflict events in different stages of the project, and bring different degrees of harm to the construction project. In order to understand and master the distribution rules of various conflict events in different stages in large-scale construction projects, a massive investigation was carried out on 96 large-scale engineering construction units in China, and 325 effective research samples were obtained. Based on this investigation results, the mathematical analysis and summary of the conflict events of large construction engineering projects have been made by multiple statistical analyses, which reveal the distribution law and the primary and secondary relationship of various conflict events in each stage of engineering projects. Combined with the research results, the management countermeasures and suggestions of conflict events are put forward, which provide valuable references for the project managers to effectively manage the conflict events and improve the management level of engineering projects.
Exploration and practice of BOPPPS model in teaching reform of engineering chemistry for materials specialty
Authors: Zhao Ningning , Wei Yuchen , Yu Zhong , Yao Binghua , Niu Jinfen , Liu Nailiang , Li Junpeng , Yu Xiaojiao
Published: May 2023

Engineering chemistry is the basis of materials science. Students majoring in materials specialty should learn engineering chemistry well and closely link it with materials science. However, it is difficult to achieve the expected teaching effect in the actual teaching process. By analysing the problems existing in the traditional teaching process of engineering chemistry, this study proposes a teaching strategy based on the BOPPPS teaching mode, such as the introduction of the flipped classroom and the classroom Interaction to enhance the interests of students in learning and their self-efficacy, so as to enrich their specialized knowledge and develop their creative thinking and abilities.
Application of data analysis in product selection of cross-border e-commerce
Authors: Luo Aling , Long Lanruoyun , Wang Yue
Published: May 2023

In order to better understand the relationship between data analysis and cross-border selection, and apply the practical application skills of cross-border selection better. The author sorted out several commonly used analysis tools, analysis the steps and the methods of cross-border e-commerce. This paper mainly introduces the role of cross-border e-commerce product selection and the application of data analysis in cross-border e-commerce product selection. At the same time, this paper also analyzed three techniques of data analysis in cross-border e-commerce product selection. Cross-border selection is the basis of cross-border e-commerce operation. In the process of scientific selection, it is necessary to judge the potential of products through data analysis. Correct selection can not only save time, the most important is to improve the efficiency and effect of product operation.

There is still a saying circulating in the cross-border e-commerce industry: seventy percent depend on the selection of products, thirty percent depend on operation.
Application and exploration of virtual simulation experimental platform in the experimental teaching of clinical testing instruments and techniques
Authors: Peng Yucheng , Huo Yishan , Madinaimu Abibula , Lv Jie , Feng Yangchun , Yang Jia , Qiao Wenbin , Guo Fan , Cheng Zhenzhen , Ma Xiumin
Published: May 2023

Clinical laboratory instrumentation and technology is a multidisciplinary, multi-technology, multi-disciplinary cross-discipline, with strong application, theoretical and experimental teaching methods are single and boring, and it is difficult for students to master and understand the abstract content. The laboratory has cooperated with a company to complete the experimental teaching for undergraduate students, and analyzed the advantages of this teaching method and the problems that need to be solved through the questionnaire and formative evaluation, and analyzed and summarized them, so as to provide relevant experience for this kind of courses to adopt the virtual simulation experimental platform and provide directional guidance for the construction and development of the virtual simulation experimental platform.

Clinical laboratory instrumentation and technology is a multidisciplinary, multi-technology, multi-disciplinary course, which is highly applied, rapidly developing, and has a short update cycle, and is one of the main professional courses in medical laboratory technology.

Since the epidemic in 2020, universities across the country have been actively responding to the call of the Ministry of Education to "suspend classes without stopping school" and adopting various teaching methods such as online teaching, catechism teaching, virtual simulation teaching, etc. As a new applied subject course with a high degree of knowledge and technology intensity and a unique application goal, Clinical Laboratory Instruments and Technology has undergone After nearly three years of continuous integration and exploration, our teaching and research department is currently using Shandong Zezhong virtual simulation platform to conduct laboratory classes, replacing the online teaching method adopted by most institutions, and improving teaching quality and implementing teaching reform by continuously developing the teaching mode of this course. In accordance with the spirit of document [2001] No. 4 of the Ministry of Education, combined with the teaching requirements of this course and the construction standards of the national high-quality courses, constantly adhere to the development and practice of the teaching methods of the course, the reform and innovation of teaching methods, so that it can adapt to the teaching needs of the current situation is the focus of this paper.
A comprehensive evaluation of power suppliers
Authors: Chen Ye , Chen Ping , Xiao Huawei , Xiao Yutong
Published: May 2023

Aiming at the shortcomings in current power equipment supplier evaluation, this paper is designed for different types of project comprehensive evaluation models. First of all, starting from the type of project and engineering needs, the indicator system was established in four aspects: qualification ability, process control, operation quality, and service quality. Then, the subjective weight and objective weight of each evaluation index were calculated by the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and factor analysis method. The final weight was obtained by a combination weighting method. The supplier category was determined according to the principle of maximum membership, and the final evaluation was completed. Finally, the evaluation model was verified by the distribution transformer supplier, and the results proved the objective rationality of the evaluation model.
The temperature and pressure Remote intelligent control system for biogas digester based on STM32
Authors: Wei Shuyi , Zhang Xiuxia , Cheng Qiangming
Published: May 2023

The application of biogas digesters in modern life has become more and more extensive. However, the current level of automation in biogas management was too low. and people are afraid of odor and dirty when operating biogas fermentation. In order to solve the shortage of modern energy and improve the safety and efficiency of biogas digesters, a temperature and pressure remote intelligent control management system based on STM32 for biogas digesters was designed. This system took STM32 as the main control chip, through the DS18B20 and PMS pressure measurement module for temperature and pressure measurement, combined with ESP 8266 01sWiFi module and cloud platform for data transmission communication and storage, and then displayed to the user by the QT software interface, the remote intelligent control of the biogas digester in the cloud was realized, so that the efficiency and safety management of the biogas digester were could improved. This management system of the biogas digester would promote the energy industry and sustainable development of human beings and facilitated rural revitalization.
Application of structural rapid simulation technology in railway wagon equipment
Authors: Zhao Chunlei , Li Xiangwei , Zhang Qiang , Zhao Shangchao , Wang Shuai
Published: May 2023

In the traditional finite element simulation analysis, the designer spend a lot of time and energy to establish a reasonable finite element model. This approach is not suitable for rapid iterative updates and optimizations of products.Therefore, for the needs of rapid simulation of structure,this article introduced the basic principle of implicit boundary method and the characteristics of different analytical methods.The author explored and practiced the application of structural rapid simulation technology based on meshless method.Through the comparative study of simulation examples, The results of meshless analysis and finite element analysis are consistent. But the meshless method increase analysis efficiency by 92.5%.The research results have certain practical guiding significance for the application of structural rapid simulation in the engineering field.
Container network architecture and performance analysis of Macvlan and IPvlan
Authors: Zhang Liangbin , Wang Yuanming , Liang Shibin , Jin Ran
Published: May 2023

Macvlan and IPvlan modes allow the host physical Network Interface Card (NIC) to create several virtual sub interfaces, which can meet the containers communication requirements across different network segment in complex application scenarios. The paper describes the architecture characteristics of these two modes in depth and builds container overlay network in single machine and multi machine environments. Around the key network indicators such as round-trip time (RTT), bandwidth and jitter, Ping and Iperf tools are used to test and analyse the end-to-end container communication performance. The experimental results show that IPvlan mode has better network performance and provides a comprehensive and rich application scenario for the container overlay network.
Research progress and prospect of gravity erosion in loess region
Authors: Gong Jiaguo , Zhang Qianqian , Wang Hao , Jiang Yunzhong , Ren Zheng , Ma Liangjun
Published: May 2023

Gravity erosion is one of the most important types of soil erosion in the loess region, and it is the focus and difficulty of the current erosion research in the loess region. This paper systematically reviews the research progress of gravity erosion experimental observation methods, gravity erosion occurrence critical conditions, the relationship between gravity erosion and watershed water sediment, and gravity erosion process simulation and so on, It points out that the lack of monitoring capacity of gravity erosion process caused by the random, sudden and rapid characteristics of gravity erosion is the bottleneck of gravity erosion mechanism research, It is proposed that new techniques such as photogrammetry with strong anti-interference ability and high spatial-temporal resolution should be introduced to strengthen experimental observation; Integrating the long-term and short-term influencing factors of gravity erosion process, revealing the control mechanism of infiltration on the occurrence of gravity erosion, and clarifying the critical law of gravity erosion; Strengthen the study of critical conditions and redistribution mechanism based on process, and reveal the mechanism of gravity erosion material stabilization and sediment yield differentiation; The combination law of influencing factors in the process of gravity erosion and sediment yield is explored, the uncertainty mechanism of the process of erosion and sediment yield is analyzed, and the zoning method of gravity erosion prone areas is explored; A watershed water sediment coupling simulation model with the physical mechanism of gravity erosion is developed to deeply reveal the coupling relationship between gravity erosion and watershed water sediment process, and to provide reference for related research.
Decay model of energy storage battery life under multiple influencing factors of grid dispatching
Authors: Huang Xiaorong , Huang Jieming , Wei Jionghui , Zhang Qingbo , Li Yuanjia , Dai Xiliang
Published: May 2023

Energy storage batteries work under constantly changing operating conditions such as temperature, depth of discharge, and discharge rate, which will lead to serious energy loss and low utilization rate of the battery, resulting in a sharp attenuation of life, and the battery often fails before the end of its service life. Battery replacement leads to increasing energy storage costs, and in order to ensure the efficient, safe and reliable operation of batteries under complex working conditions of the power grid, effective management of batteries is required. The battery model is the theoretical basis of the management algorithm, and life prediction is the key technology to ensure battery safety. In view of the above practical application requirements, this paper studies the dynamic modeling of energy storage battery life based on multi-parameter information, and the results show that the proposed life model accurately reflects the battery life under multi-parameter information.
Setting parameters for developing undergraduate expertise in transdisciplinary problem solving at a university-wide scale: a case study
Authors: Bammer Gabriele , Browne Chris A. , Ballard Chris , Lloyd Natalie , Kevan Alison , Neales Nicholas , Nurmikko-Fuller Terhi , Perera Sean , Singhal Isha , van Kerkhoff Lorrae
Published: May 2023

As part of a curriculum reform process, The Australian National University (ANU) is introducing a universal undergraduate requirement that responds to decades-long calls for universities to take seriously the development of expertise in the transdisciplinary problem solving required to address the major challenges facing society. Described here are the process and outcomes of the deliberations of the working group tasked with setting parameters for the implementation of this expertise. The working group identified relevant context, including that the requirement has to work for all of the University’s 13,000 undergraduate students, allowing them to tailor coursework in transdisciplinary problem solving according to their disciplinary choices, personal interests and career aspirations. The expertise is to be developed in existing and new courses, featuring small classes with flexible interactive delivery and should build on the University’s comprehensive coverage of academic disciplines and fields, along with the university’s strong track records in transdisciplinary research and education. The working group developed an ANU framework for transdisciplinary problem solving, focused on the following six characteristics: change-oriented, systemic, context-based, pluralistic, interactive and integrative. How these characteristics can be translated into learning outcomes is demonstrated, along with relevant ways of teaching. The working group highlighted two key challenges that those involved in the mechanics of the implementation will have to deal with and proposed a way forward for the first of them. One is for students to be able to readily identify relevant courses. The working group proposed a tag-and-points system, with the ‘tag’ identifying courses relevant to transdisciplinary problem solving and ‘points’ indicating the number of characteristics covered and the depth of that coverage. The second challenge is coordination across courses to minimise duplication and maximise the opportunity to keep building skills. The paper concludes by summarising key areas that may be useful to others deliberating on the expertise required for university graduates to effectively contribute to addressing societal challenges, as well as how universities can best foster the development of that expertise.
Crystallographic studies of the intergranular phases in sintered PrNd23Ce7Gd1.5FebalB0.93Cu0.35M1 magnet with commercial N40M magnetic properties
Authors: Huang Shulin , Mao Yingcai , Wang Haibin , Chen Xinshuo , Lv Xiangke , Ouyang Xike , Lai Guangzi , Ding Yong , Zhang Min
Published: May 2023

In this work, we focus on the modification of the Cu element in commercial N40M magnets toward the composition and structure of the grain boundary phase. The magnetic properties and microstructure of Ce-magnets with low and high Cu content were investigated. The Ce-magnet with high Cu-content has higher coercivity and a more continuous and homogenous grain boundary phase. The grain boundary phase’s structural shift is found to be the source of the coercivity change. The transmission electron microscopy study shows that the PrNd23Ce7Gd1.5FebalB0.93Cu0.35M1 magnet contains fcc and hcp type (Ce, Nd)-oxide phases, each with a different O concentration. The formation of the superlattice has been examined, and the superlattice spots show that the Cu-rich phases have an ordered structure.
Plasmon-enhanced photodetectors fabricated using digital inkjet-printing on chemically nanopatterned silicon wafers
Authors: Guo Xiaohang , Banerjee Debika , Asuo Ivy M. , Fortier Francois-Xavier , Slimani Moulay Ahmed , Cloutier Sylvain G.
Published: May 2023

In this study, we have fabricated and characterized three different configurations of photodetectors with digital inkjet printing techniques on different types of silicon substrates, such as pristine n-type silicon and chemically nanostructured n-type silicon, with and without Ag nanoparticle-induced surface-plasmon enhancement. Among these three comparison batches, digitally printed devices on chemically nanostructured n-type silicon with Ag nanoparticle-induced enhancement yield the highest photocurrent enhancement factor of 920×, the lowest rise and decay times of τr = 176 ms and τd = 98 ms, respectively, and the highest responsivity of 24.8 mA W−1 at wavelengths ranging from 380 to 700 nm. Most importantly, we demonstrate that these devices are highly stable after fabrication, losing less than 3% of their efficiency over 60 days under ambient conditions. We firmly believe that this simple device architecture and effective digital fabrication process are most promising for the realization of efficient, stable, and low-cost photodetectors fabricated at large scales.
Elongational properties of liquids in contraction flow
Authors: Hasegawa Tomiichi
Published: May 2023

Flows through contraction geometries (contraction flows) are found in many fields involving fluids, but they are poorly understood because they have two inseparable aspects as a whole: shear flow and elongational flow. In this paper, we focus on the center line of the contraction flow where the shear component vanishes because of the symmetry of the flow field and clarify elongational properties of liquids using the data obtained to date. First, we show images of contraction flows of water and dilute polymer solutions, and then, the continuity equation is used to obtain expressions for the center-line velocity. The expressions represent either the exponential contraction flow (ECF) or linear contraction flow (LCF) and agree well with experimental results obtained to date. It is suggested that the Deborah number plays an important role in deciding ECF or LCF. For dilute solutions of polyethylene oxide and polyacrylamide, the ratio of the elongational viscosity (μe) to the shear viscosity (μs) is found to be high, of the order of 104 and 103, respectively. On the other hand, molten polyethylene and 5.0-wt. % polyisobutylene in hydrocarbon tetradecane have greatly different values of μe and μs, but their values of μe/μs do not differ much from four. We propose a novel relaxation velocity number (RV) and find that the exponent ai of the ECF velocity-profile is correlated with log10RV for water, polymer solutions, and molten polyethylene. Furthermore, the expressions agree with experimental data for wet spinning. We propose a novel spinning model for the contraction flow of polymer solutions.
Epitaxial growth of (Ba0.7Sr0.3)TiO3 thin films on GdScO3 substrates by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Ye Dongjin , Nie Penghao , Jiang Shuwen , Zhang Wanli
Published: May 2023

Epitaxial growth of Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 (BST70) thin films on GdScO3 (GSO) substrates had been realized using the radio frequency magnetron sputtering system with the epitaxial alignment [001]BST70||[110]GSO and [010]BST70||[001]GSO. Reciprocal space mapping and transmission electron microscope results confirm the epitaxial growth without an impurity phase at the interface. The Fourier-filtered image shows that the BST70 thin film grew well with few dislocations. The out-of-plane parameter of the as-deposited film was elongated due to strain, which was induced by the differences in the thermal expansion coefficients between the film and the substrate, and oxygen vacancies. The highly strained as-deposited BST70 films could be relaxed by the post-annealing procedure at 800 °C in an O2-rich atmosphere for better epitaxial quality.
Measuring epitaxial graphene nanoribbons with low-frequency alternating current
Authors: Yeh C.-C. , Mhatre S. M. , Tran N. T. M. , Hill H. M. , Jin H. , Liao P.-C. , Patel D. K. , Elmquist R. E. , Liang C.-T. , Rigosi A. F.
Published: May 2023

We have demonstrated the fabrication of both armchair and zigzag epitaxial graphene nanoribbon (GNR) devices on 4H–SiC using a polymer-assisted sublimation growth method. The phenomenon of terrace step formation has traditionally introduced the risk of GNR deformation along sidewalls, but a polymer-assisted sublimation method helps mitigate this risk. Each type of 50 nm wide GNR is examined electrically and optically (armchair and zigzag), with the latter method being a check on the quality of the GNR devices and the former using alternating current to investigate resistance attenuation from frequencies above 100 Hz. Rates of attenuation are determined for each type of GNR device, revealing subtle suggested differences between armchair and zigzag GNRs.
Preliminary design of helicon plasma thruster by means of particle swarm optimization
Authors: Coppola G. , Panelli M. , Battista F.
Published: May 2023

Radio-frequency and Helicon Plasma Thrusters have emerged as viable electric propulsion systems due to their high plasma density, thrust density, and useful life. Helicon Plasma Thruster (HPT) is a very attractive technology because it could use many propellants and does not require hollow cathodes or grids, overcoming their associated critical erosion problem and extending the thruster’s lifetime to some tens of thousands of hours. Despite the fact that high-power HPTs have reached 30% efficiency in laboratory configurations, sophisticated numerical models are required for a deeper understanding of the main plasma phenomena and for the preliminary design to increase the very low HPT’s efficiency (3–7%) typical of the low-power class thrusters. The paper focuses on the development of a model for the low-medium power range (50–2000 W) of HPTs design. Starting from Lafleur’s model, it has been improved with the hypothesis of neutral gas being expelled at the real thruster’s wall operative temperature (300–600 K) in place of the more frequent laboratory temperature assumption (300 K). This hypothesis affects total thrust and specific impulse by about 10%. A parametric analysis of the slenderness ratio (chamber length-to-radius) has been conducted. The results showed that slender configurations lead to higher efficiencies. Downstream from the numerical model validation, a tool for the global design has been built with the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique that leads to optimal thruster configuration. This tool has been used to design a 4 mN HPT tuning the PSO in order to minimize the dimensions and the weight according to the assigned mission constraints (i.e., power, thrust, and weight). A total efficiency of 10.4% results.
Languages and language contact in China
Authors: Bao Zhiming , Shen Ruiqing , Han Kunmei
Published: May 2023

China is ethnically and linguistically diverse. There are 56 officially recognized ethnic groups in the country, including the majority Han, with a 1.2 billion-strong population and Tatar, the smallest minority group with only 3,556 people residing in Xinjiang, according to the 2010 Population Census of the People’s Republic of China, the latest census data available on the government’s website (www.stats.gov.cn). The Han accounts for 91.6% of the population, with the minorities taking up the balance of 8.4%. Most ethnic groups have their own languages, which fall into typologically distinct language families, the largest being Altaic and Sino-Tibetan.Ethnologuelists 299 languages in China and rates the country 0.521 in linguistic diversity, compared with 0.035 for Japan and 0.010 for South Korea (Simons & Fennig 2017). A few ethnic groups, such as the Hui (Chinese Muslims) and the Manchus, who founded the last imperial dynasty of Qing (1644–1912), have lost their indigenous languages over the centuries. They speak the language of the Han majority.

Linguistic diversity in China is manifested in two ways: across the ethnic groups and within the Han majority. In what follows, we give a schematic description of the languages and briefly summarize the papers in this issue that offer a snapshot of language contact in China.
Connecting people and voices for radical change in Africa
Authors: Zeilig Leo , Chukwudinma Chinedu , Radley Ben
Published: May 2023

In this section of the journal, we aim to give readers of the print journal a picture of what has been published on Roape.net over the last few months, and invite you to connect and follow the articles, blogposts, authors and debates online. Details of all the blogposts referred to here are in the reference list at the end. We warmly invite all our readers to sign up to the Roape.net newsletter and WhatsApp service at the top of the home page of the website.