bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modulation of the HIF-1α-NCOA4-FTH1 Signaling Axis Regulating
Ferroptosis-induced Hepatic Stellate Cell Senescence to Explore the
Anti-hepatic Fibrosis Mechanism of Curcumol
Authors: Zheng Yang , Wang Lei , Wang Jiaru , Zhao Tiejian , Wang Jiahui
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

Senescence of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) reduces extracellular
matrix expression to reverse liver fibrosis. Ferroptosis is closely related to cellular
senescence, but its regulatory mechanisms need to be further investigated. The iron
ions weakly bound to ferritin in the cell are called labile iron pool (LIP), and together
with ferritin, they maintain cellular iron homeostasis and regulate the cell's sensitivity to
ferroptosis.

Methods:

We used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to construct a pathological model group
and divided the hepatic stellate cells into a blank group, a model group, and a curcumol
12.5 mg/L group, a curcumol 25 mg/L group, and a curcumol 50 mg/L group. HIF-1α-NCOA4-
FTH1 signalling axis, ferroptosis and cellular senescence were detected by various
cellular molecular biology experiments.

Result:

We found that curcumol could induce hepatic stellate cell senescence by promoting
iron death in hepatic stellate cells. Curcumol induced massive deposition of iron
ions in hepatic stellate cells by activating the HIF-1α-NCOA4-FTH1 signalling axis,
which further led to iron overload and lipid peroxidation-induced ferroptosis. Interestingly,
our knockdown of HIF-1α rescued curcumol-induced LIP and iron deposition in hepatic
stellate cells, suggesting that HIF-1α is a key target of curcumol in regulating iron
metabolism and ferroptosis. We were able to rescue curcumol-induced hepatic stellate
cell senescence when we reduced LIP and iron ion deposition using iron chelators.

Conclusion:

Overall, curcumol induces ferroptosis and cellular senescence by increasing
HIF-1α expression and increasing NCOA4 interaction with FTH1, leading to massive
deposition of LIP and iron ions, which may be the molecular biological mechanism
of its anti-liver fibrosis.
Design and Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Doped β-cyclodextrin-chitosan
Functionalized Graphene Nanocomposite Modified Electrode for
Determination of Cu(II)
Authors: Akhdhar Abdullah , Binkadem Mona Saad , El-Said Waleed Ahmed , Yakout Amr A.
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

In this study, a nanocomposite film was prepared by doping silver nanoparticles
onto β-cyclodextrin-chitosan functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO), denoted as Ag/
β-CD/CS/G nanocomposite. The average diameter of the Ag NPs was found to be 62±17 nm.

Methods:

The fabricated composite was applied to monitor trace levels of copper ions in different
industrial and environmental water samples. The morphology and microstructure of the fabricated
sensor were extensively investigated using different techniques, including XRD, TGA, HR-TEM,
FTIR, SEM, XPS, and EDX physicochemical techniques. For the electrochemical monitoring of
Cu(II), the Ag/β-CD/CS/G nanocomposite electrode showed remarkable performance in terms of
high sensitivity and a low limit of detection that was found to be 0.24 nmol L-1.

Results:

The developed sensors showed a linear dynamic range from 10-3 to 10-8 mol L-1 with an R2
of 0.99. The impacts of different electrochemical parameters, including medium pH, scanning rate,
and interfering ions, were investigated.

Conclusion:

Furthermore, the fabricated modified electrode showed high efficiency for Cu(II) detection
in groundwater samples.
A Comprehensive Review of Self-Assembly Techniques Used to Fabricate as DNA Origami, Block Copolymers, and Colloidal Nanostructures
Authors: Dubey Roshan Kumar , Shukla Satyam , Shah Kamal , Dewangan Hitesh Kumar
Published: February 2024

Self-assembly techniques play a pivotal role in the field of nanotechnology, enabling
the spontaneous organization of individual building blocks into ordered nanostructures without
external intervention. In DNA origami, the design and synthesis of DNA strands allow for precise
folding into complex nanoarchitectures. This technique holds immense promise in nanoelectronics,
nanomedicine, and nanophotonics, offering nanoscale precision and versatility in structural
design. Block copolymers represent another fascinating self-assembly system, driven by
phase separation and microdomain formation. Understanding and controlling the self-assembly
behavior of block copolymers enable applications in nanolithography, nanopatterning, and
nanofabrication, owing to their ability to generate well-defined nanostructures. Colloidal assembly
is a versatile and powerful technique for fabricating ordered nanostructures and materials
with precise control over their properties. The process involves the spontaneous arrangement of
colloidal particles into well-defined structures at the microscale or larger, driven by interparticle
interactions, Brownian motion, and entropic effects. As research and technology continue to
progress, colloidal assembly holds promising opportunities for creating novel materials with
applications in diverse fields, contributing to advancements in nanotechnology, optics, electronics,
and biomedicine. The continuous exploration and development of colloidal assembly techniques
will undoubtedly open new avenues for innovation and impact various areas of science
and technology in the future. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of various
self-assembly techniques used to fabricate nanostructures, focusing on DNA origami, block
copolymers, and colloidal assembly. With a focus on DNA origami in particular, its uses in drug
administration, biosensing, nanofabrication, and computational storage are introduced. There is
also a discussion of the potential and difficulties involved in assembling and using DNA origami.
Unraveling the Emerging Niche Role of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Authors: Ashique Sumel , Pal Radheshyam , Sharma Himanshu , Mishra Neeraj , Garg Ashish
Published: February 2024

:

Extracellular vesicles or exosomes, often known as EVs, have acquired significant attention
in the investigations of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and have a distinct advantage in actively
researching the fundamental mechanisms underlying various clinical symptoms and diagnosing the
wide range of traumatic brain injury cases. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can produce and
release exosomes, which offer therapeutic benefits. Exosomes are tiny membranous vesicles produced
by various cellular entities originating from endosomes. Several studies have reported that
administering MSC-derived exosomes through intravenous infusions improves neurological recovery
and promotes neuroplasticity in rats with traumatic brain damage. The therapeutic advantages of
exosomes can be attributed to the microRNAs (miRNAs), which are small non-coding regulatory
RNAs that significantly impact the regulation of posttranscriptional genes. Exosome-based therapies,
which do not involve cells, have lately gained interest as a potential breakthrough in enhancing
neuroplasticity and accelerating neurological recovery for various brain injuries and neurodegenerative
diseases. This article explores the benefits and drawbacks of exosome treatment for traumatic
brain injury while emphasizing the latest advancements in this field with clinical significance.
Designing and Formulation of Nanocarriers for “Alzheimer’s and
Parkinson’s” Early Detection and Therapy
Authors: Abujamai Jakleen , Satar Rukhsana , Ansari Shakeel Ahmed
Published: February 2024

The potential of nanotechnology in advancing the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative
diseases is explored in this comprehensive literature review. The findings of these studies
suggest that nanotechnology has the capacity to improve existing therapeutic approaches, create
novel and safe compounds, and develop more precise imaging techniques and diagnostic methods
for neurodegenerative diseases. With the emergence of the nanomedicine era, a new and innovative
approach of diagnosing and treating these conditions has been introduced. Notably, the researchers'
development of a nanocarrier drug delivery tool demonstrates immense potential compared to
conventional therapy, as it maximizes therapeutic efficacy and minimizes undesirable as side
effects.
6-month Formulations of Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Advanced Prostate Cancer: Effectiveness and Rationale for Extended Dosing
Authors: Hafron Jason , Atkinson Stuart , Boldt-Houle Debbie , Renzulli Joseph F.
Published: February 2024

Background:

Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists and GnRH antagonists are the most widely used androgen deprivation therapy to achieve castration levels of serum testosterone (T). Adherence to dosing schedules is important to avoid treatment failure. A recent analysis found a high non-adherence rate of 84% for LHRH agonist injections based on dosing schedules used in pivotal trials.

Method:

Narrative review of LHRH therapy and evaluation of which offers optimal efficacy, safety, and practicality.

Results:

6-month LHRH agonist formulations require fewer appointments for injections than shorter-acting formulations. Therefore, the frequency of late/missed doses and overall non-adherence may be reduced compared to options requiring frequent dosing (e.g., oral therapies and shorter-acting injections). This flexibility may be preferable for patients who live in multiple locations throughout the year, live long distances from clinics, and/or lack access to reliable transportation. 6-month formulations may also have cost benefits compared to shorter-acting doses. Despite similar levels of T suppression during the labeled dosing period, individual 6-month LHRH agonist formulations appear to have unique profiles, e.g., 6-month subcutaneous leuprolide acetate (LA) results in lower T escape rates compared to 6-month intramuscular LA, if dosing is late.

Conclusion:

The efficacy and practicality offered by 6-month LHRH formulations suggest these could reduce opportunities for late injections by requiring fewer office visits and provide greater confidence that efficacy will be maintained should there be extenuating circumstances leading to delays in therapy administration, as experienced during the recent pandemic.
Method of Effective Implementation of Intelligent Hardware Complexes in the Management of Passenger Transportation Processes within Urban Agglomerations
Authors: Safiullin Ravil , Tian Haotian
Published: February 2024

Background:

The road transportation sector faces rising task complexity, driving the development of localized telematic traffic control systems. Integrating cutting-edge technologies is essential, surpassing administrative measures. A methodological approach is imperative for successful implementation.

Objective:

This study aimed to improve the efficiency of the implementation of intelligent information and communication technologies in the passenger transport system of urban agglomerations on the basis of objective assessment and rational choice of hardware complex in the field of vehicle traffic management.

Methods:

For the evaluation and effective implementation of intelligent hardware complexes in passenger transportation, diverse techniques, including mathematics and computer modelling, expert evaluations, theory of algorithms, computational experiment, mathematical statistics, observation, and measurement, were employed.

Results:

The approach of effective implementation of hardware complexes in passenger transportation management is proposed, and the order of calculation of passenger transport motion interval is developed. The calculations of economic and technical feasibility showed an increase of efficiency by 20-40% and a return on investment by 47%.

Conclusion:

The developed methodological approach for the effective implementation of intelligent hardware complexes in passenger transportation process control can serve as methodological support for the modernization of the automation and traffic control system of passenger transport. Further research will be aimed at automating the method by developing application software for the effective implementation of hardware technical control systems based on the described method. Additionally, this research can contribute to a broader study of complex systems, unraveling connections between parameters, information and technical aspects of hardware complexes and transportation and operational metrics in passenger transport processes.
Consumer Trust in Online Advertising - How Negative Perception Impacts
its Effectiveness
Authors: Nowacki Robert , Fandrejewska Alicja
Published: February 2024

Background:

Building trust in a product, brand, or company is an important part of
forming a relationship between a company and consumers. One of the key factors influencing
consumer trust is two-way communication. Advertising, as a powerful communication tool capable of attracting attention and evoking emotions, plays a pivotal role in this process. Its characteristic feature is a dynamic increase in importance; in Poland, it currently holds the first place in
terms of advertising expenditures. Due to this growth, understanding the perception and effectiveness of online advertising becomes crucial in building trust with consumers.

Objective:

The study examines opinions concerning internet advertising and trust regarding its
content. It explores attitudes, evaluation, purchase motivation, actual purchases made under the
influence of online advertising, as well as consumers’ negative opinions about it.

Methods:

The discussion is based on a 2020 survey conducted among Polish internet users concerning the perception of online advertising and related negative associations. The survey included
402 respondents, selected using the CAWI method, with a quota sample differentiated by gender,
age, and place of residence.

Results:

Results: The results revealed relatively low trust and effectiveness levels regarding online advertising, with no variation based on respondents' demographic characteristics. Most respondents
(more than half of the respondents) indicated the excessive number of online advertisements, limited enthusiasm for advertisements, and low level of purchase incentive or actual motivation (rates
below 10%), and strongly agreed with negative statements about online advertising.

Conclusion:

The findings confirm the thesis of a general perception of online advertising as a
threat to conscious consumption.
Ocimum sanctum: The Journey from Sacred Herb to Functional Food
Authors: Kumari Sneha , Singh Preet Amol , Hazra Subhajit , Sindhwani Ritika , Singh Sukhvinder
Published: February 2024

In recent years, the growing demand for herbal-based formulations, including functional
foods, has acquired significant attention. This study highlights historical, botanical, ecological,
and phytochemical descriptions and different extraction mechanisms of Ocimum sanctum
utilized in its processing. Besides this, it explores the utilization of Ocimum sanctum as a
functional food ingredient in various food products such as bakery products (biscuits, bread),
dairy products (herbal milk, cheese), and beverages (tea, juice, wine) while focusing on their
evaluation parameters, preparation techniques, and pharmacological activities. In terms of other
pharmacological properties, Ocimum sanctum-infused functional foods exhibited cognitiveenhancing
properties, adaptogenic qualities, anti-obesity effects, gastroprotective, antiinflammatory,
hypoglycemic, and immuno-modulatory effects. Thus, the diverse properties of
Ocimum sanctum offer exciting opportunities for the development of functional foods that can
promote specific health issues, so future research should focus on developing and analyzing novel
Ocimum sanctum-based functional foods to meet the growing demand of the functional food
industry.
Relationship Between COVID-19 and MINOCA: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study
Authors:   Universidad Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia, Quiroz Alfaro Alejandro José , Rodríguez Acosta Iván Javier ,   Universidad Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia, Gutiérrez Noguera María Patricia ,   Interventional Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular del Cesar, Valledupar, Colombia, González Yessica ,   Clínica Erasmo, Valledupar, Cesar, Colombia, Tanaka Takegami Mayumi ,   Universidad Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia, Villalobos Luna Jesús Leonardo ,   Universidad Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia, Dussan Tovar Catalina Andrea ,   Epidemiology, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia, Quintero Sandoval Oscar de Jesús ,   Universidad Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia, Greiffenstein Florez Juliana ,   Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia, Herrera Ortiz Andrés Felipe ,   Fundación Santa Fé de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia,   Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Evidence suggests that COVID-19 infection increases the likelihood of myocardial infarction with no obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), particularly in females. This study hypothesizes that patients with COVID-19 and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who underwent coronary angiography will have a higher proportion of MINOCA than those with AMI without COVID-19. Objective: This study aimed to assess if COVID-19 infection is associated with MINOCA in patients who underwent coronary catheterization. Methods: This was a single-center cross-sectional pilot study that gathered information using the electronic medical records of a tertiary care institution between February 2020 and October 2021. Patients were divided into two groups: those with AMI and COVID-19 (AMICOVID+) and those with AMI without COVID-19 (AMICOVID-). The primary outcome was to evaluate the relationship between COVID-19 and MINOCA, expressed in relative frequencies and p-values calculated by the Chi-squared test and corroborated by a sensitivity analysis using logistic regression. Results: Of the 28 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 14 (50%) had AMICOVID+, and 14 (50%) had AMICOVID-. MINOCA was significantly higher in the group with AMICOVID+ compared to AMICOVID- (85.7% vs. 21.4%. p = 0.001), showing no effect modification when sensitivity analysis was carried on. The raw data for statistical analyses was also included in the appendices. Conclusion: MINOCA was in a significantly higher proportion in the AMICOVID+ group than in the AMICOVID- group. However, this study had a small sample size; therefore, these results must be corroborated in different populations with larger sample sizes.
Advances in Gene Therapy Treatment for Obesity: A Mini-review
Authors:   Klinikum Chemnitz gGmbH, Department of Internal Medicine III, Chemnitz, Germany, Warncke Paul , Oliveira Natalia ,   D’Or Institute for Research and Education - IDOR-RJ, Brazil, Medeiros Feldens Tássia ,   Radiology, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, da Rocha Guilherme L. ,   UFPR - PPGMICS - Internal Medicine, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, de Faro Salamonde Julia Daudt ,   Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic (SLM)- Campinas, Brazil, Echavarria Veronica ,   Private practice, Bogotá, Colombia, Ibanez F. Daniela ,   CINSAN. Clínica Dávila, Santiago, Chile, Inibokun Njoku Anthonia ,   Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo state, Nigeria, Nishimura Roberto ,   Department of Orthopedics, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas Medical School, Campinas city, Brazil, Grajeda Javier ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Francisco Marroquín, Guatemala, Laso Jose ,   Hospital del Trabajador, Santiago, Chile, Mukhija Sasha ,   Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA, Egert Antonia ,   CAAT, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, US, Amell Castillo Magdiel A. ,   Instituto de Salud Mental y Telepsicología (ISAMT), Checo Leticia ,   Ophthalmology Department, Mayo Clinic Florida, USA, Moreira Luana ,   Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (EBMSP), Salvador, Brazil, Pereira Schmidt Thaila ,   Americas Serviços Médicos, RJ, Brazil, de Freitas Marcio Carlos ,   Clinica Dr. Marcio Freitas, Brazil, Lie Ikeda Luciane ,   Unicamp, Brazil, Beatriz Pizarro Ana ,   Clinical Research Center, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
Published: February 2024

Obesity is a highly prevalent global pandemic that is rapidly growing. Recent advancements in gene therapy have opened new possibilities and targets for treating, especially monogenic forms of obesity. This mini-view identified novel preclinical developments in obesity genetic treatment over the past five years. Novel strategies targeting single or multiple genes or enzymes were identified as potential alternatives for existing treatment approaches. Although clinical trials for genetic obesity treatment are yet to emerge, novel preclinical treatment approaches based on genetic traits hold promise for addressing the obesity pandemic.
Machine Learning–Based Prediction of Suicidality in Adolescents With Allergic Rhinitis: Derivation and Validation in 2 Independent Nationwide Cohorts
Authors: Lee Hojae , Cho Joong Ki , Park Jaeyu , Lee Hyeri , Fond Guillaume , Boyer Laurent , Kim Hyeon Jin , Park Seoyoung , Cho Wonyoung , Lee Hayeon , Lee Jinseok , Yon Dong Keon
Published: February 2024

Background

Given the additional risk of suicide-related behaviors in adolescents with allergic rhinitis (AR), it is important to use the growing field of machine learning (ML) to evaluate this risk.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the validity and usefulness of an ML model for predicting suicide risk in patients with AR.

Methods

We used data from 2 independent survey studies, Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS; n=299,468) for the original data set and Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES; n=833) for the external validation data set, to predict suicide risks of AR in adolescents aged 13 to 18 years, with 3.45% (10,341/299,468) and 1.4% (12/833) of the patients attempting suicide in the KYRBS and KNHANES studies, respectively. The outcome of interest was the suicide attempt risks. We selected various ML-based models with hyperparameter tuning in the discovery and performed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analysis in the train, test, and external validation data.

Results

The study data set included 299,468 (KYRBS; original data set) and 833 (KNHANES; external validation data set) patients with AR recruited between 2005 and 2022. The best-performing ML model was the random forest model with a mean AUROC of 84.12% (95% CI 83.98%-84.27%) in the original data set. Applying this result to the external validation data set revealed the best performance among the models, with an AUROC of 89.87% (sensitivity 83.33%, specificity 82.58%, accuracy 82.59%, and balanced accuracy 82.96%). While looking at feature importance, the 5 most important features in predicting suicide attempts in adolescent patients with AR are depression, stress status, academic achievement, age, and alcohol consumption.

Conclusions

This study emphasizes the potential of ML models in predicting suicide risks in patients with AR, encouraging further application of these models in other conditions to enhance adolescent health and decrease suicide rates.
Improving Prediction of Survival for Extremely Premature Infants Born at 23 to 29 Weeks Gestational Age in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Development and Evaluation of Machine Learning Models (Preprint)
Authors: Li Angie , Mullin Sarah , Elkin Peter L
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Infants born at extremely preterm gestational ages are typically admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) after initial resuscitation. The subsequent hospital course can be highly variable, and despite counseling aided by available risk calculators, there are significant challenges with shared decision-making regarding life support and transition to end-of-life care. Improving predictive models can help providers and families navigate these unique challenges.

OBJECTIVE

Machine learning methods have previously demonstrated added predictive value for determining intensive care unit outcomes, and their use allows consideration of a greater number of factors that potentially influence newborn outcomes, such as maternal characteristics. Machine learning–based models were analyzed for their ability to predict the survival of extremely preterm neonates at initial admission.

METHODS

Maternal and newborn information was extracted from the health records of infants born between 23 and 29 weeks of gestation in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) critical care database. Applicable machine learning models predicting survival during the initial NICU admission were developed and compared. The same type of model was also examined using only features that would be available prepartum for the purpose of survival prediction prior to an anticipated preterm birth. Features most correlated with the predicted outcome were determined when possible for each model.

RESULTS

Of included patients, 37 of 459 (8.1%) expired. The resulting random forest model showed higher predictive performance than the frequently used Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology With Perinatal Extension II (SNAPPE-II) NICU model when considering extremely preterm infants of very low birth weight. Several other machine learning models were found to have good performance but did not show a statistically significant difference from previously available models in this study. Feature importance varied by model, and those of greater importance included gestational age; birth weight; initial oxygenation level; elements of the APGAR (appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration) score; and amount of blood pressure support. Important prepartum features also included maternal age, steroid administration, and the presence of pregnancy complications.

CONCLUSIONS

Machine learning methods have the potential to provide robust prediction of survival in the context of extremely preterm births and allow for consideration of additional factors such as maternal clinical and socioeconomic information. Evaluation of larger, more diverse data sets may provide additional clarity on comparative performance.

CLINICALTRIAL
Effect of a Mobile Game–Based Intervention to Enhance Child Safety: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Wong Rosa S , Tung Keith T S , Ho Frederick K W , Wong Wilfred H S , Chow Chun Bong , Chan Ko Ling , Fu King Wa , Ip Patrick
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Evidence supports the effectiveness of serious games in health education, but little is known about their effects on the psychosocial well-being of children in the general population.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the potential of a mobile game–based safety education program in improving children’s safety and psychosocial outcomes.

METHODS

Safe City is a mobile roleplaying game specifically designed to educate children in Hong Kong about safety. This randomized controlled trial included 340 children in grades 4 through 6. Intervention arm participants (n=170) were instructed to play the Safe City mobile game for 4 weeks, whereas control arm participants (n=170) received a safety booklet. All participants completed a survey on safety knowledge and behaviors and psychosocial problems at baseline (T1), 1 month postintervention (T2), and 3 months postintervention (T3). Cumulative game scores and mini-game performance were analyzed as a proxy for the extent of exposure to the game. Outcome data were analyzed using 2-sample 2-tailed t tests to compare mean change from T1 to T2 and to T3 for intervention versus control arm participants. The association of game use with outcome changes postintervention was analyzed using generalized additive models.

RESULTS

No significant differences were found in mean changes between the intervention and control arms. However, use analyses showed that higher game scores were associated with improvements in safe behavior (P=.03) and internalizing problems (P=.01) at T3. Matching and Spot the Danger mini-game performance significantly predicted improvements in safety knowledge at T2 and T3.

CONCLUSIONS

Analysis of use has shown that playing the Safe City mobile game can result in significant improvements in safety knowledge and reductions in unsafe behavior and internalizing problems. These findings provide evidence for the positive impact of serious games on psychological and social well-being, highlighting the potential of technology-driven interventions to assist children in learning about safety and preventing injuries.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.org NCT04096196; https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT04096196

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/17756
Correction: Public Opinion About COVID-19 on a Microblog Platform in China: Topic Modeling and Multidimensional Sentiment Analysis of Social Media (Preprint)
Authors: Guo Feipeng , Liu Zixiang , Lu Qibei , Ji Shaobo , Zhang Chen
Published: February 2024

UNSTRUCTURED
Nurses’ Knowledge and Skills After Use of an Augmented Reality App for Advanced Cardiac Life Support Training: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Sun Wan-Na , Hsieh Min-Chai , Wang Wei-Fang
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) skills are essential for nurses. During the COVID-19 pandemic, augmented reality (AR) technologies were incorporated into medical education to increase learning motivation and accessibility.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to determine whether AR for educational applications can significantly improve crash cart learning, learning motivation, cognitive load, and system usability. It focused on a subgroup of nurses with less than 2 years of experience.

METHODS

This randomized controlled trial study was conducted in a medical center in southern Taiwan. An ACLS cart training course was developed using AR technologies in the first stage. Additionally, the efficacy of the developed ACLS training course was evaluated. The AR group used a crash cart learning system developed with AR technology, while the control group received traditional lecture-based instruction. Both groups were evaluated immediately after the course. Performance was assessed through learning outcomes related to overall ACLS and crash cart use. The Instructional Materials Motivation Survey, System Usability Scale, and Cognitive Load Theory Questionnaire were also used to assess secondary outcomes in the AR group. Subgroup analyses were performed for nurses with less than 2 years of experience.

RESULTS

All 102 nurses completed the course, with 43 nurses in the AR group and 59 nurses in the control group. The AR group outperformed the control group regarding overall ACLS outcomes and crash cart learning outcomes (P=.002; P=.01). The improvement rate was the largest for new staff regardless of the overall learning effect and the crash cart effect. Subgroup analysis revealed that nurses with less than 2 years of experience in the AR group showed more significant improvements in both overall learning (P<.001) and crash cart outcomes (P<.001) compared to their counterparts in the control group. For nurses with more than 2 years of experience, no significant differences were found between the AR and control groups in posttraining learning outcomes for the crash cart (P=.32). The AR group demonstrated high scores for motivation (Instructional Materials Motivation Survey mean score 141.65, SD 19.25) and system usability (System Usability Scale mean score 90.47, SD 11.91), as well as a low score for cognitive load (Cognitive Load Theory Questionnaire mean score 15.42, SD 5.76).

CONCLUSIONS

AR-based learning significantly improves ACLS knowledge and skills, especially for nurses with less experience, compared to traditional methods. The high usability and motivational benefits of AR suggest its potential for broader applications in nursing education.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06057285; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06057285
Una mirada al desarrollo económico chileno desde la perspectiva de los inversionistas extranjeros
Authors: Viera Castillo Daniel Omar , Flores Loredo Mario Alonso
Published: February 2024

El estudio del desarrollo económico sigue siendo de interés, dada la relevancia que tiene para el bienestar de los habitantes de las naciones. Las decisiones de inversión que toman en cuenta los inversionistas extranjeros al decidir ubicarse en el exterior es un tema de gran relevancia para el país receptor, ya que permite conocer los factores que han considerado dichos inversionistas como país receptor de inversión directa extranjera (IDE). Este conocimiento facilita el diseño de políticas públicas para atraer al inversionista. Sin embargo, resulta evidente que la elección del país de destino de la IDE se encuentra condicionada por factores relacionados con el desarrollo alcanzado por el país receptor. Este estudio pretende relacionar los factores determinantes de la elección del país con el nivel de desarrollo alcanzado por el país receptor de IDE. Para el logro de objetivos, nos basaremos en el modelo de la trayectoria de desarrollo de la IDE (Dowrick y Gemmell, 1991).Como resultado de este estudio, se pudo identificar que factores como infraestructura y aspectos legales son los que mejor explican las decisiones de inversión para invertir en Chile. De acuerdo con el modelo de trayectoria de desarrollo de la IDE, Chile se podría considerar como un país en desarrollo intermedio, característico de los países emergentes en el año 2010, que es el año en que se realizó el estudio.
Editorial: Can anyone know best? The relevance of a multidisciplinary approach to exploring the AI-driven global transformation
Authors: Mraović Branka
Published: February 2024

We are pleased to present the new issue of the journal Corporate & Business Strategy Review. The articles published in the new issue of Corporate & Business Strategy Review invite the reader, with the help of numerous longitudinal case studies, through the lens of both qualitative and quantitative methodology, to reflect, learn and be informed about the processes of change and transformation of the corporate sector in emerging markets, which are taking place under the influence of accelerated development of disruptive technologies. The authors who sign these works come from Albania, Ethiopia, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Thailand and Vietnam.
Quantitative analysis of lignans from the fruits of wild chervil (Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm.)
Authors: Jankovic Mina , Berezni Sanja , Orcic Dejan
Published: February 2024

Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm., known as wild chervil, is a perennial
widespread Apiaceae species. Being rich in lignans, it was used in
traditional medicine to treat headaches, as analgesic, antipyretic,
diuretic, antitussive, antihypertensive etc. Quantitative studies of lignans
in Anthriscus sylvestris are limited to a few dominant lignans in roots and
herbs. Hereby, the HPLC-MS method was used to quantify 14 lignans in fruit
extract of A. sylvestris. A much higher content of lignans (970.2 mg/g) was
found, compared to the previously analyzed root and herb extracts (4.3-66
mg/g) from the same location. The three most abundant lignans were found to
be deoxypodophyllotoxin (867 mg/g), yatein (61.0 mg/g) and
dimethylmatairesinol (27.7 mg/g). A significant amount of
deoxypicropodophyllotoxin was also detected, but not quantified due to lack
of reference standard. Due to previously observed spontaneous
interconversion of cis/trans isomers, nemerosin and isochaihulactone, as
well kaerophyllin and isokaerophyllin, were quantified together. Based on
the obtained results, the fruits of A. sylvestris could be used as an
industrial raw material for obtaining deoxypodophyllotoxin. This is also
supported by a significantly simpler lignan profile of the fruit extract.
Management of a strategic policy, exports and external performance of the Colombian regions
Authors: AriasGómez Helmuth , Antosová Gabriela
Published: February 2024

In terms of international trade, normative economics outrightly inspired the
implementation of the economic policy. The classical and neoclassical
interpretations of trade advocate for the full development of an export
profile consistent with comparative advantage and endowments. In contrast,
the new trade theory properly matches the implementation of a strategic
trade policy. This article aims to hurl the theoretical discussion about the
comparative advantages and the endowments-based export pattern into the
regional export performance of Colombian departments In doing so, some
theoretical bedrocks are highlighted, and a panel data technique is run for
modeling the essence of regional exports. The conclusion reinforces the
arguments of several authors asserting a raw material predominance in
Colombian exports and the strong reliance on endowments of the Colombian
department exports. Some ideas suggest the plausibility of a currently
missing strategy of an explicit productive development policy or, in other
words, the implementation of a Colombian-tailored strategic trade policy.
A predictive model for sandstone permeability based on the Coulomb-Mohr criterion
Authors: Ni Xiao-Yan , Gong Peng , Yang Ning , Deng Peng
Published: February 2024

In this paper, a permeability parameter calculation model with six influence coefficients is constructed by taking volume strain and equivalent strain under Coulomb-Mohr criterion as independent variables. The optimal estimates of permea?bility parameter influence coefficients are applied to the prediction of permeability parameters under a complex loading path, and the prediction results verify the applicability of the model.
Exact solitary wave solutions for non-linear optic model by variational perspective
Authors: Fan Zhi-Yong
Published: February 2024

A variational principle for the non-linear optic model is established by semi-inverse method. Two new exact solitary wave solutions are obtained by using the variational transform method. Numerical examples show the novel method is efficient and simple, and can be applied to find solitary wave solutions for different types of wave equations. The physical properties of solitary wave solutions are illustrated by some figures.
Study on fracture propagation of hydraulic and supercritical CO2 fracturing in different rock
Authors: Zhu Ruibin , Tian Ganghua , Qu Fengjiao , Li Ning , Li Gaofeng , Long Changjun , Fan Xuhao
Published: February 2024

In this study, the performance of water-based fracturing fluids and supercritical CO2 in three types of representative reservoirs (sandstone, conglomerate, and shale) was investigated. The results showed that there are differences in fracture initiation pressures in different rocks, but the fracture initiation pressure of supercritical CO2 is lower than that of water regardless of the rock type. In sandstone reservoirs, supercritical CO2 induced more complex fractures than water, resulting in branching fractures. In conglomerate reservoirs, hydraulic fractures pass through the conglomerate and are flatter, whereas supercritical CO2 fractures pass through or around the conglomerate, and thus the fractures are more tortuous. Gravel stopped the fracture extension in both conditions. In shale reservoirs, supercritical CO2 can communicate natural fractures more effectively than water, thereby increasing the effective transformation volume. The study provides theoretical guidance for reservoir adaptation of supercritical CO2 fracturing.
Error analysis of transient method for rock permeability measurement
Authors: Ni Xiao-Yan , Gong Peng , Du Bin , Yang Ning , Deng Peng
Published: February 2024

In this paper, the permeability of sandstone, mudstone, gangue, and limestone under the condition of initial elastic deformation is obtained by transient method test. Mercury intrusion test is carried out on the four kinds of rock samples to obtain the initial permeability of the rock samples. The results show that the magnitude of permeability obtained by mercury intrusion test and transient method test is completely consistent. The measurement error is analyzed. The relative error of permeability in this paper is less than 6.0%. It can be showed that the use of transient method to measure the permeability of rock samples is reasonable and reliable.
Influence of liquid nitrogen cooling on Brazilian splitting characteristic of coal and sandstone
Authors: Su Shanjie , Wang Shengcheng , Zhang Kexue , Chen Xuexi , Jiang Xuan , Zhou Chunbo
Published: February 2024

The use of liquid nitrogen fracturing can effectively improve the permeability of unconventional natural gas reservoirs. In order to explore the impact of liquid nitrogen cooling on the tensile failure behavior of coal and sandstone, a series of physical and Brazilian splitting tests were conducted on coal and sandstone. Compared with the control group, the velocity, tensile strength, and splitting modulus reduction of coal were 24.7%, 19.7%, and 52.4%, respectively, and the corresponding reductions for sandstone were 5.5%, 14.7%, and 15.4%. Energy analysis and failure characteristics demonstrated that liquid nitrogen cooling promoted widespread distribution of internal damage in coal and sandstone, and the degree of internal structure damage determined the complexity of the failure mode. The greater the internal damage, the more branch cracks occurred during failure, and the greater the path tortuosity and degree of fragmentation.
Laboratory study on acid fracturing performance in high temperature carbonate reservoirs
Authors: Zhang Xiong , Cao Xu-Sheng , Sun Yao-Yao , Liu Lian , Zhao Bing , Geng Yun-Di
Published: February 2024

In this article, we investigate acid fracturing, a promising method to increase the effectiveness of fractures in high temperature carbonate reservoirs. In order to determine the performance of acid fracturing in carbonate reservoirs, we conducted a lab scaled true triaxial acid fracturing experiment on high temperature carbonate rock. The fracture initiation, propagation behavior, and conductivity under the action of acid solution were analyzed. The 3-D micro computed tomography was applied to illuminate the fracture network patterns; coefficient of stress difference, acid etching time, and acid concentration were also analyzed. Results show acidification exhibits the lowest breakdown pressure compared with no-acidification, reduced by 58%.
Influencing law of key parameters on the thermal efficiency of single-well closed-loop heat exchanger
Authors: Li Jing-Bin , Wang Hao , Li Huan , Guo Chenrui , Yang Dong
Published: February 2024

The single-well closed-loop heat extraction technology can realize efficient exploitation of mid-to-deep geothermal resources. A two-dimension heat transfer model is established. The effects of flow rate, inlet temperature, length and diameter of insulated tubing on heat extraction power and outlet temperature were investigated by the two-way absolute grey correlation analysis method. Results indicate that thermal power increases with the increase of displacement and length of insulated tubing, and decreases with the increase of injection temperature, outer diameter of insulated tubing and inner diameter of insulated tubing.
Influence mechanism of local air film holes blockage on cooling efficiency of turbine blades
Authors: Gong Miao , Huang Wen , Shen Yuanhang , Ma Cunyuan
Published: February 2024

In order to explore the cooling air film damage mechanism of aero-engine turbine blades in different blockage states, the air film cooling efficiency, outlet temperature and flow rate variations have been studied in three typical positions with different blockage ratios. The results show that the blockage of the air film holes decreases the air film cooling efficiency in the downstream region of the outlet boundary, and the decreasing amplitude increases non-linearly. When the temperature of the air film hole is lower than 1100 K, the cross-section of the air film gradually flattens out and the air film becomes thinner with the increase of the blocking ratio. When the blockage is in inlet position A, and B = 0.8, the influence on cooling efficiency of the air film performs most apparently. Moreover, when the cooling efficiency is near x/d = 1, the decreasing amplitude of efficiency reaches more than 7%. When the cooling efficiency is near x/d = 4, the decreasing amplitude of efficiency reaches more than 10%. In these two conditions, the effective protective air film area is the smallest, and the angle between the high temperature mainstream and the cooling fluid is the smallest, and the cooling fluid and the high temperature mainstream are the weakest in terms of resistance. Experiments on the effect of cooling fluid coverage of static blades have been conducted, and the results indicate that in the case of local air film holes blockage, the trend of damage degree of the cooling flow field is in good consistency with the analyzed results of the numerical model.
Identifying weak areas of urban land use carbon metabolism in high-density city
Authors: Lu Zongliang , Zhang Xiaobing , Liu Yilun , Yang Liying , Yi Lu
Published: February 2024

For high-density cities, it is necessary for city managers to achieve precise regulation of carbon emissions and sequestration. For reference, taking Dongguan as example, this study proposed a complex framework to identify weak areas of urban land use carbon metabolism in high-density city. On the basic of defining the urban land use carbon metabolism units, LEAP, Markove-PLUS, and LANDIS model were applied to spatialize land use carbon emissions and carbon sequestration. Finally, the weak areas of urban land use carbon metabolism were clearly indicated through overlapping the spatial pattern of land use carbon emissions and sequestration. Accordingly, carbon emissions limit regions can be delimited, and its carbon emissions are recommended to be metabolize through connecting the limit regions to green spaces with various ecological corridors. The results will serve as a foundation to plan and control carbon emissions in high-density cities that are similar to Dongguan in international communities.
Doğadan Gelen Şifa: Adaptojenlere Genel Bir Bakış
Authors: TAHMAS KAHYAOĞLU Deren , ÖZEN Mürüvvet Begüm , YILDIZ Hilal
Published: February 2024

Zengin geleneksel mirası ve çok yönlü uygulamaları nedeniyle bitkiler ve bitki kaynaklı bileşenler antik çağlardan günümüze kadar büyük ilgi görmüştür. Bu bitki kaynaklı bileşenler; geleneksel tıp sistemlerindeki ilaçların, modern ilaçların, nutrasötiklerin, gıda takviyelerinin, farmasötik ara maddelerin önemli kaynaklarıdırlar. Bitki kaynaklı ajanlar olarak bilinen adaptojenler; stresin zararlı etkilerinden koruyan, çevresel faktörlere uyum sağlama yeteneğimizi artıran ve hasarı azaltan doğal biyo düzenleyicilerdir. Adaptojenler hücresel adaptif sinyal yollarını aktive eden ve böylece dayanıklılığı, zorlu koşullara adaptasyonu ve hayatta kalma şansını spesifik olmayan şekilde artıran şifalı bitkiler, gıdalar ve fitokimyasallardır. Adaptojenler; strese karşı koymak, fiziksel direnci artırmak, formda kalmak veya yaşa bağlı gelişen hafıza ve dikkat kaybı, yorgunluk, uykusuzluk, kaygı, genel halsizlik, duygusal dengesizlik gibi bazı bozuklukları hafifletmek amacıyla kullanılır. Kısa ve uzun vadede zorlu durumlara karşı vücudun fizyolojik ve zihinsel stres tepkisini düzenlemeye ve azaltmaya yardımcı olurlar. Adaptojenler, adrenal bezlerden salgılanan hormonların salınımını kontrol ederek, fizyolojik ve zihinsel bir tepki olan stres tepkisini düzenlediklerinden sadece bir işlevi yerine getirmekle kalmazlar, aynı zamanda vücudun o an ne ile baş etmeye çalıştığına bağlı olarak salgılanan hormonları düzenleyerek semptomların hafifletilmesine ve azaltılmasına da yardımcı olurlar. Adaptojenlerin kortikosteroidler, katekolaminler ve nitrik oksit gibi stres aracılarına tepki olarak hareket ettiği ve diğer etkilerin yanı sıra spesifik olmayan bir şekilde antioksidan, immünomodülatör, hipoglisemik, hipokolesterolemik olarak da hareket edebildiği düşünülmektedir.