bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exercise‐induced potentiation of the acute hypoxic ventilatory response: Neural mechanisms and implications for cerebral blood flow
Authors: Oliveira Diogo M. , Rashid Anas , Brassard Patrice , Silva Bruno M.
Published: March 2024

A given dose of hypoxia causes a greater increase in pulmonary ventilation during physical exercise than during rest, representing an exercise‐induced potentiation of the acute hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR). This phenomenon occurs independently from hypoxic blood entering the contracting skeletal muscle circulation or metabolic byproducts leaving skeletal muscles, supporting the contention that neural mechanisms per se can mediate the HVR when humoral mechanisms are not at play. However, multiple neural mechanisms might be interacting intricately. First, we discuss the neural mechanisms involved in the ventilatory response to hypoxic exercise and their potential interactions. Current evidence does not support an interaction between the carotid chemoreflex and central command. In contrast, findings from some studies support synergistic interactions between the carotid chemoreflex and the muscle mechano‐ and metaboreflexes. Second, we propose hypotheses about potential mechanisms underlying neural interactions, including spatial and temporal summation of afferent signals into the medulla, short‐term potentiation and sympathetically induced activation of the carotid chemoreceptors. Lastly, we ponder how exercise‐induced potentiation of the HVR results in hyperventilation‐induced hypocapnia, which influences cerebral blood flow regulation, with multifaceted potential consequences, including deleterious (increased central fatigue and impaired cognitive performance), inert (unchanged exercise) and beneficial effects (protection against excessive cerebral perfusion).
Indicadores da tuberculose na população carcerária do estado da Bahia-Brasil: um estudo de série temporal
Authors: Lins Hora Carvalho Karine , Menezes Skalinski Lacita , Azevedo de Mattos Moura Costa Flávia , Penteado Maridalva
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil clínico e epidemiológico da população privada de liberdade com tuberculose na Bahia. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico descritivo de tendência temporal, realizado com dados obtidos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. A população foi composta pelos encarcerados que foram diagnosticados com tuberculose entre 2009 e 2019. Analisou-se sexo, idade, raça/cor, escolaridade, características clínicas, testagem para HIV e desfechos do tratamento. Resultados: Foram 2.233 casos notificados, sendo 85,1% homens, com média de 34,7 anos, 56,6% pardos, 92,2% acometidos pela forma pulmonar, 36,4% realizaram Tratamento Diretamente Observado e 67,2% tiveram cura. Foi observado aumento progressivo na incidência, na testagem para HIV, coinfecção TB+HIV e tratamento. Tratamento Diretamente Observado, cura, óbito, abandono e informação sobre encerramento na ficha não sofreram alterações significativas na série. Conclusão: Frente ao observado, ações socioeconômicas, intersetoriais e de estímulo e capacitação à equipe mostram-se fundamentais, especialmente relacionadas ao incentivo do Tratamento Diretamente Observado.
sujetos configurados como receptores en el marco de las políticas de alimentación y nutrición en una región de Antioquia-Colombia
Authors: Mancilla Lorena Patricia , Yepes Delgado Carlos Enrique
Published: March 2024

El hambre y la inseguridad alimentaria han ocupado la agenda pública nacional e internacional por varias décadas; no obstante, las estimaciones más recientes indican que dichos fenómenos se recrudecen en lugar de revertirse. Las políticas públicas, incluyendo las de alimentación y nutrición, son dispositivos funcionales al modelo neoliberal que reduce lo social a la mitigación de la pobreza monetaria. Objetivo. Comprender los significados de las políticas de alimentación y nutrición para madres participantes y los técnicos para responder a las expectativas y posibilitar capacidades de los titulares de derechos. Método. Teoría fundamentada y enfoque constructivista, recolección y análisis simultáneo y comparación constante. El análisis fue orientado mediante codificación y categorización abierta, axial y selectiva. Los participantes fueron 34 madres y nueve técnicos vinculados con las políticas. Resultados. Las políticas alimentarias se convierten en dispositivos para el asistencialismo al configurar al sujeto como “receptor”. Las interacciones, gravitan alrededor de aspectos operativos como la constatación de requisitos de inclusión al programa y los procesos de entrega del subsidio. Esta lógica desconoce la voz y las prácticas culturales de los participantes, además les produce saturación por cuenta de la sobreintervención a la que son sometidos. Conclusiones. Las políticas de alimentación y nutrición en el contexto neoliberal resultan insuficientes frente a las aspiraciones de los sujetos, por tanto, existe una tensión entre el sujeto concebido desde la política y las expectativas que estos construyen a partir de su experiencia con los programas..
Effect of Heat Treatment on Fatigue Performance of 316L Stainless Steel Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Li Zhehan , Xie Deqiao , Zhou Kai , Raza Naqvi Syed Mesum , Wang Dongsheng , Zhao Jianfeng , Shen Lida , Tian Zongjun
Published: March 2024

The 316L stainless steel part built by laser powder bed fusion has attracted much attention in recent years. However, current studies have not systematically revealed the influence of post-heat treatment on fatigue performance. In this study, we utilized two common heat treatment processes (450 °C anneal treatment and 1050 °C solution treatment) for 316L stainless steel and then discussed their influence on fatigue life and crack growth rate. It can be found that both the heat treatment processes led to a decrease in fatigue life. The 1050 °C solution treatment can decrease crack growth rate. This can be attributed to the increase in grain size and decline of carbide at the grain boundary. The former can lead to a longer propagation path. The latter may cause more and deeper secondary cracks along the propagation path, which exhaust more energy.
Analysis of Electroosmotically Modulated Peristaltic Transport of Third Grade Fluid in a Microtube Considering Slip-Dependent Zeta Potential
Authors: Mahanta Kaushik , Banerjee Debanjan , Bariar Priyanshu , Sah Pawan Kumar , Arefin Shamsul , Pati Sukumar , Biswas Pankaj
Published: March 2024

The present study investigates electro-osmotically modulated peristaltic transport of third-grade fluid through a microtube taking into consideration the intricate coupling of zeta potential and hydrodynamic slippage. The analytical results encompass the mathematical expressions for dimensionless electrical potential distribution as well as series solutions for stream function and axial pressure gradient up to first order utilizing the perturbation technique for small Deborah number coupled with the Cauchy product for infinite series. Critical values and ranges of wavelength have been obtained where the axial pressure gradient vanishes. Moreover, pivotal values and ranges of wavelength have also been noted for the invariance of pressure gradient with respect to Deborah number as well as Debye–Hückel parameter. Trapping phenomenon has also been investigated by contours of streamlines wherein the zones of recirculation or trapped boluses are formed predominantly near the microtube walls. Additionally, the relative enhancement in hydrodynamic slippage amplifies the trapped bolus size, whereas a diminishing behavior on bolus size is observed by the electro-osmotic parameter.
Stat3 activation-triggered transcriptional networks govern the early stage of HBV-induced hepatic inflammation
Authors: Tang Jinglin , Zhang Jiaxuan , Zhang Gaoli , Peng Wenhui , Ling Ning , Zhou Yingzhi , Xu Hongmei , Ren Hong , Chen Min
Published: March 2024

The chronic carrier state of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) often leads to the development of liver inflammation as carriers age. However, the exact mechanisms that trigger this hepatic inflammation remain poorly defined. We analyzed the sequential processes during the onset of liver inflammation based on time-course transcriptome and transcriptional regulatory networks in an HBV transgenic (HBV-Tg) mice model and chronic HBV-infected (CHB) patients (data from GSE83148). The key transcriptional factor (TF) responsible for hepatic inflammation occurrence was identified and then validated both in HBV-Tg mice and liver specimens from young CHB patients. By time-course analysis, an early stage of hepatic inflammation was demonstrated in 3-month-old HBV-Tg mice: a marked upregulation of genes related to inflammation (Saa1/2, S100a8/9/11, or Il1β), innate immunity (Tlr2, Tlr7, or Tlr8), and cells chemotaxis (Ccr2, Cxcl1, Cxcl13, or Cxcl14). Within CHB samples, a unique early stage of inflammation activation was discriminated from immune tolerance and immune activation groups based on distinct gene expression patterns. Enhanced activation of TF Stat3 was strongly associated with increased inflammatory gene expression in this early stage of inflammation. Expression of phosphorylated Stat3 was higher in liver specimens from young CHB patients with relatively higher alanine aminotransferase levels. Specific inhibition of Stat3 activation significantly attenuated the degree of liver inflammation, the expression of inflammation-related genes, and the inflammatory monocytes and macrophages in 3-month-old HBV-Tg mice. Stat3 activation is essential for hepatic inflammation occurrence and is a novel indicator of early-stage immune activation in chronic HBV carriers.

IMPORTANCE

Until now, it remains a mystery that chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients in the “immune tolerance phase” will transition to the “immune activation phase” as they age. In this study, we reveal that Stat3 activation-triggered hepatic transcriptional alterations are distinctive characteristics of the early stage of immune/inflammation activation in chronic HBV infection. For the first time, we discover a mechanism that might trigger the transition from immune tolerance to immune activation in chronic HBV carriers.
Two
Human papillomavirus 11
complete genomes recovered from inverted sinonasal papillomas in humans
Authors: Bouzidi Sarah , Puech Julien , Fulla Marta , González-Compta Xavier , Pere Hélène , Alemany Laia , Veyer David , Bravo Ignacio G.
Published: March 2024

We communicate here two complete
Human papillomavirus 11
(HPV11) genomes recovered from one transitional and from one squamous inverted sinonasal papilloma, a rare proliferative disease in humans. Both genomes belong to the HPV11_A2 sublineage.
Eubacterium rectaleis a potential marker of altered gut microbiota in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Xiao Yue , Wang Yiyi , Tong Bangzhuo , Gu Yuanxia , Zhou Xingli , Zhu Ning , Xu Xiaomin , Yin Xiaochen , Kou Yan , Tan Yan , Wang Jincheng , Li Wei
Published: March 2024

Previous studies have profiled the gut microbiota among psoriatic patients compared to that among healthy individuals. However, a comprehensive understanding of the magnitude, direction, and detailed compositional and functional profiles remains limited. Additionally, research exploring the gut microbiota in the context of both plaque psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is lacking. To assess the taxonomic and functional characteristics of the gut microbiota in PsO and PsA patients and investigate potential links between the gut microbiota and disease pathogenesis. We collected fecal samples from 70 psoriatic patients (44 PsO and 26 PsA) and 25 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) and employed deep metagenomic sequencing to characterize their gut microbiota. We noted significant alternations in the gut microbiota compositions of both PsO and PsA patients compared to those of HC. Despite limited effect sizes in alpha diversity (12.3% reduction of microbial richness but unchanged evenness in psoriatic patients) and beta diversity (disease accounts for 3.5% of total variations), we consistently observed substantial reductions ofEubacterium rectalein both PsO and PsA patients, with PsA patients exhibiting even lower levels ofE. rectalethan PsO patients. Additionally, twoAlistipesspecies were also depleted in psoriatic patients. These microorganisms are known to play crucial roles in carbohydrate metabolism pathways, mainly producing short-chain fatty acids with anti-inflammatory effects. Overall, our observations supplemented the profiling of altered gut microbiota in patients with PsO and PsA at the species level and described a link between the dominant short-chain fatty acid-producing bacterial species and systemic immunity in psoriatic patients.

IMPORTANCE

In this observational clinical study with sufficient sample size and metagenomic sequencing to profile the gut microbiota, we identified consistent signals of the depleted abundance ofEubacterium rectaleand related functional genes among psoriatic patients, including those with psoriatic arthritis.E. rectalemay serve as an ecologically important functional unit in the gut microbiota, holding potential as a diagnostic marker and target for therapeutic interventions to achieve lasting effects. Our findings provide comprehensive gut microbiota profiling in psoriasis, resolving previous contradictions and generating new hypotheses for further investigation. These insights may significantly impact psoriasis management and related conditions.
Fully Optical Scanning Spectroscopy of the Anticrossing of Electron and Nuclear Spin Levels in a 4H-SiC Crystal
Authors: Likhachev K. V. , Veyshtort I. P. , Uchaev M. V. , Batueva A. V. , Yakovleva V. V. , Gurin A. S. , Babunts R. A. , Baranov P. G.
Published: March 2024

Transitions in a system of interacting electron and nuclear spins in color centers with S = 3/2 in a 4H-SiC crystal with the natural isotopic composition have been detected by fully optical methods at room temperature. Giant changes in the photoluminescence in a volume of about 1 μm3 under cw and pulsed laser excitation occur in the region of the anticrossing of electron and nuclear spin levels. An optical manifestation of the flip of the nuclear spin of the 29Si isotope with the conservation of the projection of the electron spin has been detected. All anticrossing points of the spin sublevels coupled by hyperfine interactions have been identified. This identification enables the observation of such effects in the family of quarter spin centers in other SiC polytypes.
Transition to a Magnon Bose–Einstein Condensate
Authors: Petrov P. E. , Knyazev G. A. , Kuzmichev A. N. , Vetoshko P. M. , Belotelov V. I. , Bunkov Yu. M.
Published: March 2024

Parameters of the transition from classical dynamics of spin waves to the formation of a coherent magnon Bose–Einstein condensate have been obtained experimentally for the first time. The studies are performed on an yttrium iron garnet film beyond the radio frequency excitation region; thus, the coherent state of magnons is an eigenstate rather than a state induced by an external radio frequency field. The critical magnon density at the formation of the Bose–Einstein condensate is in good agreement with a theoretically predicted value. The transition is obtained at room temperature, which is possible owing to a small mass of magnons and their high density.
Outcomes following the adoption of standard parenteral nutrition in preterm infants: a whole-population non-concurrent control study
Authors: Burgess-Shannon Jessica , Chehrazi Mohammad , Lanoue Julia , Modi Neena , Uthaya Sabita N
Published: March 2024

Objective

To evaluate the impact of a quality improvement project of the adoption of standard parenteral nutrition (SPN) in preterm infants.

Design

Retrospective, multicentre, whole-population, non-concurrent control study using data from the UK National Neonatal Research Database between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2020.

Setting

Neonatal units in London UK organised by geographical network.

Patients

Preterm infants <31 weeks’ gestation.

Interventions

Introduction of two SPN formulations previously tested in randomised controlled trials (NEON and SCAMP). SCAMP delivers a higher target macronutrient intake.

Main outcome measures

The primary outcome was survival to discharge from neonatal care without major morbidities. Secondary outcomes included the individual components of the primary outcome and a comparison of outcomes between the NEON and the SCAMP formulations.

Results

Of 6538 eligible infants, 4693 were admitted to neonatal care before and 1845 after the adoption of SPN. Morbidity-free survival decreased by an average of 8.6% (95% CI 5.8% to 11.4%, p<0.0001) following adoption. The effect varied by type of formulation; the cohort that adopted NEON showed no difference in morbidity-free survival, whereas the cohort that adopted SCAMP showed a statistically significant decrease in morbidity-free survival. Overall survival decreased by an average of 2.0% (95% CI 0.01% to 4.0%, p=0.048).

Conclusions

Research is urgently needed to identify the optimal composition of parenteral nutrition for preterm babies. This study also adds to the growing body of evidence that suggests that early and high intakes of macronutrients in preterm babies may be harmful.
Squamous cell carcinoma of breast metastasising to upper lip
Authors: Upadhyay Amitabh Kumar , Kumar Abhishek , Shahab Tarannum , Sharma Swati , Saha Bijan Kumar , Narayan Radhika
Published: March 2024

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous set of carcinomas comprising a subgroup of invasive ductal carcinomas and numerous infrequent subtypes. Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) breast is sporadic, accounting for less than 0.1% of all invasive subtypes. Primary metastases to soft tissues of the oral cavity are incredibly rare, amounting to 0.1% of oral malignancies. Diagnosing metastasis to the oral cavity is an enigma to clinicians without pathognomonic signs and symptoms. Here, we report a case of SCC breast, who developed metastatic deposits in the left upper lip after a disease-free survival of 1 year. There are no reports of SCC breast metastasising to the oral cavity, and probably, this is the first such case getting reported. The survival of such patients is abysmal, with most cases surviving less than a year post diagnosis. While treating patients with a history of malignancy, a high degree of clinical presentiment is required.
Clinical and angiographic characteristics of ruptured and unruptured distal cerebral aneurysms: a review of a large series of cases in a high-volume center
Authors: Cao Roberta , Mattar Adonis , Torche Esteban , Riva Roberto , Laubacher Morgane , Moreno-Gomez Ricardo , Turjman Francis , Falini Andrea , Panni Pietro , Eker Omer F
Published: March 2024

Objective

To evaluate clinical, angiographic features, and endovascular approach of ruptured and unruptured distal intracranial aneurysms (DIAs).

Methods

From January 2013 to February 2022, details of all consecutive intracranial aneurysms (IAs) treated endovascularly in our center were collected and retrospectively reviewed. IAs involving the anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, and posterior cerebral artery (distal to anterior communicating artery, limen insula, and P1 segment, respectively), and those distal to superior cerebellar artery, anterior–inferior cerebellar artery, and posterior inferior cerebellar artery's first segment were classified based on their etiology, location, size, and shape. Demographic, clinical, angiographic, and procedural variables, as well as follow-up outcomes were evaluated.

Results

Of 2542 IAs, 151 (5.9%) DIAs were counted (average size 5.4±2.9 mm), including 61 (40.4%) unruptured and 90 (59.6%) ruptured. No difference in the aneurysmal size was observed, but aneurysms smaller than 4 mm were observed more frequently in the ruptured group (36.7% vs 18%; P=0.01). In addition, ruptured DIAs were more often non-saccular (40% vs 18%; P=0.004) and irregular (93.3% vs 59%; P<0.001), They were treated mostly by coiling, glue, and parent artery sacrifice (P=0.02, P=0.006, and P=0.001), whereas unruptured DIAs were treated by stent-assisted coiling and flow-diverter stents (P=0.001 and P<0.001, respectively), without any differences in occlusion (81.6% vs 82.5%) and recanalization (21.1% vs 17.5%) rates. Procedure-related complications occurred in 20/151 (13.2%) patients, without any differences between subgroups. Ruptured DIAs were more often re-treated (18.4% vs 5.3%, P=0.02). In multivariate analyses, irregular shape appeared as an independent predictor of ruptured presentation (OR=8.1, 95% CI 3.0 to 21.7; P<0.001).

Conclusions

Compared with unruptured DIAs, ruptured DIAs were more often non-saccular, irregular, and smaller than 4 mm. Despite different therapeutical approaches, ruptured and unruptured DIAs presented comparable occlusion and recanalization rates.
Crystallization of mixtures of local anesthetics with and without select adjuvants: a semiquantitative light microscopy analysis
Authors: Hoerner Elisabeth , Stundner Ottokar , Seisl Anna , Fiegl Heidi , Gasteiger Lukas
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Injecting mixtures of local anesthetics with or without adjuvants is a common practise in regional and particularly obstetric anesthesia to decrease block onset time and/or augment epidural analgesia for cesarean section. While evidence on the efficacy of this practise is equivocal, little is known about its safety in terms of the pharmacologic compatibility of local anesthetics.

Methods

We assessed the grade of crystallization in individual mixtures of seven local anesthetics (bupivacaine, ropivacaine, lidocaine, procaine, chloroprocaine, mepivacaine, prilocaine) with or without four adjuvants (sodium bicarbonate, dexamethasone, clonidine, fentanyl) using a semiquantitative light microscopy scale (ranging from 0 to 5), repeatedly for up to 60 min and performed correlation analysis between grade of crystallization and initial solution pH.

Results

Of the 50 mixtures tested, 26 showed grades of crystallization ≥4 at admixture and 41 showed grades of crystallization ≥4 after 60 min. The addition of adjuvants to local anesthetic mixtures did not substantially change the grades of crystallization. Bupivacaine has a slightly lower precipitation tendency, compared with ropivacaine. A moderate relationship was found between initial pH and grade of crystallization after 15 min for the adjuvant mixtures (R=0.33, p=0.04), but not at other time points.

Discussion

The preparation of local anesthetic (±adjuvant) mixtures leads to high grades of crystallization, which increase over 60 min and appear independent of solution pH. The risk of mixing medications with unknown physical or chemical compatibility profiles in regional anesthesia should be critically appraised and its clinical significance elucidated in future translational research.
Molecular insights into anti-Alzheimer’s drugs through predictive modeling using linear regression and QSPR analysis
Authors: Ahmed Wakeel , Ali Kashif , Zaman Shahid , Raza Asma
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the use of topological indices (TIs) to anticipate the physical and biological aspects of innovative drugs used in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Degree-based topological indices are generated using edge partitioning to assess the drugs Tacrine, Donepezil, Ravistigmine, Butein, Licochalcone-A and Flavokqwain-A. Furthermore, using linear regression, a quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) model is developed to predict the characteristics such as boiling point (BP), flash point (FP), molar volume (MV), molecular weight, complexity and polarizability. The findings show that topological indices have the potential to be used as a tool for drugs discovery and design in the field of Alzheimer’s disease treatment.
Security Evaluation of State Space Obfuscation of Hardware IP through a Red Team-Blue Team Practice
Authors: Rahman Md Moshiur , Geist Jim , Xing Daniel , Liu Yuntao , Srivastava Ankur , Meade Travis , Jin Yier , Bhunia Swarup
Published: March 2024

Due to the inclination towards a fab-less model of integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing, several untrusted entities get white-box access to the proprietary intellectual property (IP) blocks from diverse vendors. To this end, the untrusted entities pose security-breach threats in the form of piracy, cloning, and reverse-engineering, sometimes threatening national security. Hardware obfuscation is a prominent countermeasure against such issues. Obfuscation allows for preventing the usage of the IP blocks without authorization from the IP owners. Due to finite state machine (FSM) transformation-based hardware obfuscation, the design’s FSM gets transformed to make it difficult for an attacker to reverse-engineer the design. A secret key needs to be applied to make the FSM functional, thus preventing the usage of the IP for unintended purposes. Although several hardware obfuscation techniques have been proposed, due to the inability to analyze the techniques from the attackers’ standpoint, numerous vulnerabilities inherent to the obfuscation methods go undetected unless a true adversary discovers them. In this article, we present a collaborative approach between two entities—one acting as an attacker or
red team
and another as a defender or
blue team
, the first systematic approach to replicate the real attacker-defender scenario in the hardware security domain, which in return strengthens the FSM transformation-based obfuscation technique. The
blue team
transforms the underlying FSM of a gate-level netlist using state space obfuscation. The
red team
plays the role of an adversary or evaluator and tries to unlock the design by extracting the unlocking key or recovering the obfuscation circuitries. As the key outcome of this red team–blue team effort, a robust state space obfuscation methodology is evolved showing security promises.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Situating the Intersectional Experiences of Black Girls and Women in Computing & Technology
Authors: Thomas Jakita O. , Brown Quincy K. , Burge Jamika
Published: March 2024

This special issue builds on and expands computing’s engagement with Black feminist epistemologies like Intersectionality and Black Feminist Thought, exploring the intersectional experiences of Black girls and women in computing, technology, and computing education and workforce. The set of articles examines, explores, and uncovers structural and systemic barriers in computing, CS education, and technology; the roles of social supports and social capital in ensuring Black women thrive; quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approaches that center Black girls and women instead of making them comparative groups to white or other people of color of all genders; and issues around equity and inclusivity in computing, CS education, and technology more broadly. Taken together, this collection serves as a model for centering one community often marginalized in computing, technology, and computing education: Black girls and women.
DONGLE 2.0: Direct FPGA-Orchestrated NVMe Storage for HLS
Authors: Wong Linus Y. , Zhang Jialiang , Li Jing
Published: March 2024

Rapid growth in data size poses significant computational and memory challenges to data processing. FPGA accelerators and near-storage processing have emerged as compelling solutions for tackling the growing computational and memory requirements. Many FPGA-based accelerators have shown to be effective in processing large data sets by leveraging the storage capability of either host-attached or FPGA-attached storage devices. However, the current HLS development environment does not allow direct access to host-or FPGA-attached NVMe storage from the HLS code. As such, users must frequently hand off between HLS and host code to access data in storage, and such a process requires tedious programming to ensure functional correctness. Moreover, since the HLS code uses radically different methods to access storage compared to DRAM, the HLS codebase targeting DRAM-based platforms cannot be easily ported to NVMe-based platforms, resulting in limited code portability and reusability. Furthermore, frequent suspension of HLS kernel and synchronization between CPU and FPGA introduce significant latency overhead and require sophisticated scheduling mechanisms to hide latency.

To address these challenges, we propose a new HLS storage interface named DONGLE 2.0 that enables direct FPGA-orchestrated NVMe storage access. By providing a unified interface for storage and memory access, DONGLE 2.0 allows a single-source HLS program to target multiple memory/storage devices, thus making the codebase cleaner, portable, and more efficient. DONGLE 2.0 is an extension to DONGLE 1.0 [
1
] but adds support for host-attached storage. While its primary focus is still on FPGA NVMe access in near-storage configurations, the added host storage support ensures its compatibility with platforms that lack native support for FPGA-attached NVMe storage. We implemented a prototype of DONGLE 2.0 using an AMD/Xilinx Alveo U200 FPGA and Solidigm DC-P4610 SSD. Our evaluation on various workloads showed a geometric mean speed-up of 2.3× and a reduction in lines of code (LoC) by 2.4× compared to the state-of-the-art commercial platform when using FPGA-attached NVMe storage. Moreover, DONGLE 2.0 demonstrated a geometric mean speed-up of 1.5× and a reduction in LoC by 2.4× compared to the state-of-the-art commercial platform when using host-attached NVMe storage.
A Critical Review of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Matter Transports and Voltage Polarisation for Modelling
Authors: Gass Raphaël , Li Zhongliang , Outbib Rachid , Jemei Samir , Hissel Daniel
Published: March 2024

Technologies based on the use of hydrogen are promising for future energy requirements in a more sustainable world. Consequently, modelling fuel cells is crucial, for instance, to optimize their control to achieve excellent performance, to test new materials and configurations on a limited budget, or to consider their degradation for improved lifespan. To develop such models, a comprehensive study is required, encompassing both well-established and the latest governing laws on matter transport and voltage polarization for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs). Recent articles often rely on outdated or inappropriate equations, lacking clear explanations regarding their background. Indeed, inconsistent understanding of theoretical and experimental choices or model requirements hinders comprehension and contributes to the misuse of these equations. Additionally, specific researches are needed to construct more accurate models. This study aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of the current state-of-the-art in PEMFC modeling. It clarifies the corresponding governing equations, their usage conditions, and assumptions, thus serving as a foundation for future developments. The presented laws and equations are applicable in most multi-dimensional, dynamic, and two-phase PEMFC models.
Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis of Heparin‐Induced Bullous Hemorrhagic Dermatosis
Authors: Li Ronghui , Peng Liping , Zhang Jian , Zeng Hanqing , Li Zuojun , Wang Chunjiang
Published: March 2024

Background. Heparin‐induced bullous hemorrhagic dermatosis (HBHD) is a rare cutaneous adverse effect of heparin and has unclear clinical features. We explored the clinical features of HBHD to provide evidence for the safe use of heparin. Methods. We collected HBHD‐related case reports for a retrospective analysis by searching the Chinese and English databases from inception to December 31, 2022. Results. Seventy‐two patients, including 51 males (70.8%), were included, and they had a median age of 71.5 years (range: 21, 94). Low‐molecular‐weight heparin was used in 62 patients (86.1%), and unfractionated heparin was used in 10 patients (13.9%). The median time for HBHD to appear was 7 days (range: 0.25, 270). Lesions appeared far from the injection site, and the extremities (57 patients, 79.2%) were the most frequently involved site. The blisters were mainly located in the intraepidermal (34 patients, 47.2%), subcorneal (10 patients, 13.9%), and subepidermal (9 patients, 12.5%) regions. Thirty‐seven patients (51.4%) had no obvious dermal inflammatory infiltration, and 20 patients (27.8%) had lymphocytic inflammatory infiltration. Sixty‐seven patients (93.1%) recovered from their skin lesions after the discontinuation of heparin or despite continuing heparin and at a median treatment time of 14 days (range: 2, 141). Conclusion. HBHD is a rare self‐limiting disease that occurs far from the injection site. Clinicians should be aware of BHD during the administration of heparin. Heparin can be discontinued or continued depending on the patient’s condition.
Central Neurocytoma in a Teenager, a Rare Cause of Hemiplegia, and a Diagnostic Dilemma in a Resource-Poor Setting
Authors: Ulzen-Appiah Kofi , Akakpo Kafui P.
Published: March 2024

Background. Central neurocytoma is a benign intraventricular neuroectodermal tumor most often arising in the lateral ventricles. Due to the location of this tumor, common signs and symptoms include obstructive hydrocephalus, recurrent headache, visual impairment, nausea, and vomiting. Central neurocytoma and intraventricular oligodendroglioma share similar gross features and cellular and architectural morphology, which may pose a diagnostic challenge in a poor resource setting. Immunohistochemical neuronal stains are useful for the two tumors in our setting. Report. An 18-year-old male patient presented with a 1-year history of right-sided weakness, recurrent seizures, and sudden loss of consciousness. The patient showed signs of increased intracranial pressure, but an antemortem CT or MRI scan could not be done to determine the underlying cause, due to lack of availability and poor prognosis of the patient at the time of presentation. An autopsy revealed a well-demarcated solid cystic, gritty intraventricular tumor causing obstructive hydrocephalus, with associated dilated ventricles and severe cerebral edema. Postmortem histopathological examination of the tumor confirmed central neurocytoma. Conclusion. Central neurocytoma (CN) is an uncommon cause of intracranial space occupying lesion (ICSOL) in the teenage age group in our setting. Central neurocytoma and intraventricular oligodendroglioma share similar radiologic and histomorphological features. Immunohistochemical evaluation with neuronal markers is essential in these two tumors, as they have different prognoses and surgical and treatment outcomes.
Analysis and Design of a High Gain Multiband Antenna Based on Metamaterials for RFID Applications
Authors: Abdelkarim Mahdi , Gharsallah Ali , Faouel Rihab
Published: March 2024

In this research work, the design of a dipole antenna based on metamaterials is proposed, which can be used as a high gain multiband communication device for RFID applications. This antenna is printed on two sides of an Arlon substrate, which has an overall electrical dimension of 0.39 λ0×0.11 λ0×0.0014 λ0. The metamaterials are used to obtain a multiband antenna, and their integration technique into the antenna results in a high gain compared to a conventional antenna without any magnification or additional layer. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna can operate at 0.88-0.97 GHz, 2.41-2.48 GHz, and 5.77-5.91 GHz with a reflection coefficient of less than −10 dB, which make it well suited for RFID at 860-960 MHz and 2.4 GHz/5.8 GHz. All these resonant frequencies show better impedance matching with high gain. The proposed antenna has the advantages of simple design, low profile, easy feeding, low manufacturing cost, and easy integration into the electronic circuit.
Supplementary Table 2 from The Salivary Microbiome and Predicted Metabolite Production Are Associated with Barrett's Esophagus and High-Grade Dysplasia or Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Solfisburg Quinn S. , Baldini Federico , Baldwin-Hunter Brittany , Austin George I. , Lee Harry H. , Park Heekuk , Freedberg Daniel E. , Lightdale Charles J. , Korem Tal , Abrams Julian A.
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Table 2: Indications for endoscopy among non-BE patients (n=125).
Supplementary Table 1 from The Salivary Microbiome and Predicted Metabolite Production Are Associated with Barrett's Esophagus and High-Grade Dysplasia or Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Solfisburg Quinn S. , Baldini Federico , Baldwin-Hunter Brittany , Austin George I. , Lee Harry H. , Park Heekuk , Freedberg Daniel E. , Lightdale Charles J. , Korem Tal , Abrams Julian A.
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Table 1: Species without a corresponding metabolic model in the predicted metabolite analyses.
Supplementary Figure 4 from The Salivary Microbiome and Predicted Metabolite Production Are Associated with Barrett's Esophagus and High-Grade Dysplasia or Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Solfisburg Quinn S. , Baldini Federico , Baldwin-Hunter Brittany , Austin George I. , Lee Harry H. , Park Heekuk , Freedberg Daniel E. , Lightdale Charles J. , Korem Tal , Abrams Julian A.
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Figure 4: A model to classify advanced neoplasia, trained on a combination of microbiome data and known EAC risk factors had a larger AUROC than a classifier model trained on known EAC risk factors alone, DeLong p=0.053.
Supplementary Figure 3 from The Salivary Microbiome and Predicted Metabolite Production Are Associated with Barrett's Esophagus and High-Grade Dysplasia or Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Solfisburg Quinn S. , Baldini Federico , Baldwin-Hunter Brittany , Austin George I. , Lee Harry H. , Park Heekuk , Freedberg Daniel E. , Lightdale Charles J. , Korem Tal , Abrams Julian A.
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Figure 3: Patients with tooth loss had (A) significantly lower alpha diversity (p=0.003, Shannon) and (B) significantly different beta diversity (ANOSIM=0.001) on weighted UniFrac PCoA.
Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Therapy for Radiation-Induced Xerostomia in Previous Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Phase II Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Jakobsen Kathrine Kronberg , Carlander Amanda-Louise Fenger , Todsen Tobias , Melchiors Jacob , Paaske Natasja , Østergaard Madsen Anne Kathrine , Kloch Bendtsen Simone , Mordhorst Christine , Stampe Helene , Kastrup Jens , Ekblond Annette , Haack-Sørensen Mandana , Farhadi Mohammad , Maare Christian , Friborg Jeppe , Lynggaard Charlotte D. , Werner Hauge Anne , Christensen Robin , Grønhøj Christian , von Buchwald Christian
Published: March 2024

Purpose:

No effective treatment exists for radiation-induced xerostomia. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (ASC) injection, relative to placebo, on salivary gland function in patients with radiation-induced xerostomia.

Patient and Methods:

In this single-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, patients with hyposalivation were randomised to receive ultrasound-guided injections of allogeneic ASCs or placebo into the submandibular glands. Patients were followed for 4 months. We evaluated unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWS), stimulated salivary flow rate, and patient-reported outcomes. Adverse events were recorded and immune response determined in blood samples.

Results:

We enrolled 120 patients. ASC treatment resulted in a statistically significant UWS increase of 0.04 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.02–0.06] mL/min (38%) compared with pretreatment baseline whereas placebo treatment did not cause a significant increase [0.01 (95% CI, −0.01 to 0.04) mL/min (21%)]. Both the ASC and placebo treatment yielded notable symptom reductions, with dry mouth decreasing by 13.6 and 7.7 units, sticky saliva decreased by 14.8 and 9.3 units, swallowing difficulties decreased by 7.9 and 8.0 units, and the summary score of the Xerostomia Questionnaire decreased 5.9 and 5.1 units for the ASC and placebo arms, respectively. We found no statistically significant group difference between the ASC and placebo arms for any of the outcomes.

Conclusions:

We could not confirm superiority of the ASC relative to placebo. ASC therapy significantly improved UWS in previous patients with head and neck cancer, whereas placebo resulted in an insignificant increase.
Low- and High-Grade Glioma-Associated Vascular Cells Differentially Regulate Tumor Growth
Authors: Muthukrishnan Sree Deepthi , Qi Haocheng , Wang David , Elahi Lubayna , Pham Amy , Alvarado Alvaro G. , Li Tie , Gao Fuying , Kawaguchi Riki , Lai Albert , Kornblum Harley I.
Published: March 2024

A key feature distinguishing high-grade glioma (HG) from low-grade glioma (LG) is the extensive neovascularization and endothelial hyperproliferation. Prior work has shown that tumor-associated vasculature from HG is molecularly and functionally distinct from normal brain vasculature and expresses higher levels of protumorigenic factors that promote glioma growth and progression. However, it remains unclear whether vessels from LG also express protumorigenic factors, and to what extent they functionally contribute to glioma growth. Here, we profile the transcriptomes of glioma-associated vascular cells (GVC) from IDH-mutant (mIDH) LG and IDH-wild-type (wIDH) HG and show that they exhibit significant molecular and functional differences. LG-GVC show enrichment of extracellular matrix–related gene sets and sensitivity to antiangiogenic drugs, whereas HG-GVC display an increase in immune response–related gene sets and antiangiogenic resistance. Strikingly, conditioned media from LG-GVC inhibits the growth of wIDH glioblastoma cells, whereas HG-GVC promotes growth. In vivo cotransplantation of LG-GVC with tumor cells reduces growth, whereas HG-GVC enhances tumor growth in orthotopic xenografts. We identify ASPORIN (ASPN), a small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycan, highly enriched in LG-GVC as a growth suppressor of wIDH glioblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Together, these findings indicate that GVC from LG and HG are molecularly and functionally distinct and differentially regulate tumor growth.

Implications: This study demonstrated that vascular cells from IDH-mutant LG and IDH-wild-type HG exhibit distinct molecular signatures and have differential effects on tumor growth via regulation of ASPN-TGFβ1-GPM6A signaling.
Supplementary Table S2 from Passenger Gene Coamplifications Create Collateral Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Cancer
Authors: Bei Yi , Bramé Luca , Kirchner Marieluise , Fritsche-Guenther Raphaela , Kunz Severine , Bhattacharya Animesh , Rusu Mara-Camelia , Gürgen Dennis , Dubios Frank P.B. , Köppke Julia K.C. , Proba Jutta , Wittstruck Nadine , Sidorova Olga Alexandra , Chamorro González Rocío , Dorado Garcia Heathcliff , Brückner Lotte , Xu Robin , Giurgiu Mădălina , Rodriguez-Fos Elias , Yu Qinghao , Spanjaard Bastiaan , Koche Richard P. , Schmitt Clemens A. , Schulte Johannes H. , Eggert Angelika , Haase Kerstin , Kirwan Jennifer , Hagemann Anja I.H. , Mertins Philipp , Dörr Jan R. , Henssen Anton G.
Published: March 2024

Gene sets enriched in in primary neuroblastomas with DDX1 co-amplification.
Supplementary Table 1 from The NUTRIENT Trial (NUTRitional Intervention among myEloproliferative Neoplasms): Results from a Randomized Phase I Pilot Study for Feasibility and Adherence
Authors: Mendez Luque Laura F. , Avelar-Barragan Julio , Nguyen Hellen , Nguyen Jenny , Soyfer Eli M. , Liu Jiarui , Chen Jane H. , Mehrotra Nitya , Huang Xin , Kosiorek Heidi E. , Dueck Amylou , Himstead Alexander , Heide Elena , Lem Melinda , El Alaoui Kenza , Mas Eduard , Scherber Robyn M. , Mesa Ruben A. , Whiteson Katrine L. , Odegaard Andrew , Fleischman Angela G.
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Table 1. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
Supplementary Figure 3 from The NUTRIENT Trial (NUTRitional Intervention among myEloproliferative Neoplasms): Results from a Randomized Phase I Pilot Study for Feasibility and Adherence
Authors: Mendez Luque Laura F. , Avelar-Barragan Julio , Nguyen Hellen , Nguyen Jenny , Soyfer Eli M. , Liu Jiarui , Chen Jane H. , Mehrotra Nitya , Huang Xin , Kosiorek Heidi E. , Dueck Amylou , Himstead Alexander , Heide Elena , Lem Melinda , El Alaoui Kenza , Mas Eduard , Scherber Robyn M. , Mesa Ruben A. , Whiteson Katrine L. , Odegaard Andrew , Fleischman Angela G.
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Figure 3. Changes in JAK2V617F allele burden over time.
Supplementary Figure 1 from The NUTRIENT Trial (NUTRitional Intervention among myEloproliferative Neoplasms): Results from a Randomized Phase I Pilot Study for Feasibility and Adherence
Authors: Mendez Luque Laura F. , Avelar-Barragan Julio , Nguyen Hellen , Nguyen Jenny , Soyfer Eli M. , Liu Jiarui , Chen Jane H. , Mehrotra Nitya , Huang Xin , Kosiorek Heidi E. , Dueck Amylou , Himstead Alexander , Heide Elena , Lem Melinda , El Alaoui Kenza , Mas Eduard , Scherber Robyn M. , Mesa Ruben A. , Whiteson Katrine L. , Odegaard Andrew , Fleischman Angela G.
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Figure 1. Complete blood count (CBC) data from participants.
Mediterranean Diet education materials from The NUTRIENT Trial (NUTRitional Intervention among myEloproliferative Neoplasms): Results from a Randomized Phase I Pilot Study for Feasibility and Adherence
Authors: Mendez Luque Laura F. , Avelar-Barragan Julio , Nguyen Hellen , Nguyen Jenny , Soyfer Eli M. , Liu Jiarui , Chen Jane H. , Mehrotra Nitya , Huang Xin , Kosiorek Heidi E. , Dueck Amylou , Himstead Alexander , Heide Elena , Lem Melinda , El Alaoui Kenza , Mas Eduard , Scherber Robyn M. , Mesa Ruben A. , Whiteson Katrine L. , Odegaard Andrew , Fleischman Angela G.
Published: March 2024

Educational materials given to MED diet group
FIGURE 3 from The NUTRIENT Trial (NUTRitional Intervention among myEloproliferative Neoplasms): Results from a Randomized Phase I Pilot Study for Feasibility and Adherence
Authors: Mendez Luque Laura F. , Avelar-Barragan Julio , Nguyen Hellen , Nguyen Jenny , Soyfer Eli M. , Liu Jiarui , Chen Jane H. , Mehrotra Nitya , Huang Xin , Kosiorek Heidi E. , Dueck Amylou , Himstead Alexander , Heide Elena , Lem Melinda , El Alaoui Kenza , Mas Eduard , Scherber Robyn M. , Mesa Ruben A. , Whiteson Katrine L. , Odegaard Andrew , Fleischman Angela G.
Published: March 2024

Changes in symptom burden during study. A, Waterfall plots of percentage change in MPN-SAF (MPN-SAF TSS) at each week compared with baseline (baseline defined as average MPN-SAF TSS of weeks 1 and 2). B, Raw change in specific symptoms at each week compared with baseline (mean ± SD). C, Correlation between change in raw MEDAS score and change in raw MPN-SAF score from baseline to week 9 (left) or baseline to week 12 (right).