bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calculation and Application of Ultimate Lateral Friction Resistance of Concrete Piles under Different Soil Layer Materials
Authors: Chen Jian Bin , Jun Zhou , Wu Li Peng , Jie Liu , Peng Ding Xin , Zheng Wei Guo , Qing Ya Qiong , Xiong Yong Hua , Dong Yong , Wang Xiang
Published: December 2023

In practical engineering applications, it usually gets the expected value of the ultimate side friction of concrete piles by the empirical parameter method. The expected value of the ultimate side friction of concrete piles cannot achieve maximum optimization due to the complexity of formation conditions and the lack of experience of technicians. To accurately obtain the ultimate lateral friction resistance of piles in homogeneous soil layers, optimize the standard value of pile ultimate lateral resistance, ensure construction safety, and save construction costs, the research method combining theoretical derivation and on-site measurement data validation was done in the manuscript. Based on the shear strength of the pile-soil interface of different materials and the shear performance of the soil around the pile, a calculation equation for the standard value of the ultimate lateral friction resistance of concrete piles in different homogeneous soil materials was derived and applied to the equation for calculating the ultimate bearing capacity of foundation pile and the axial force of pile. Finally, based on an engineering example, the calculated results were compared with the measured resultsThe research results show that in thick coarse-grained soil, as the foundation pile is short, the ultimate bearing capacity of a single pile obtained using the calculation equation deduced in this paper is less than that obtained using the empirical equation provided by the national code. In a deep cohesionless homogeneous soil material, the concrete pile shaft axial force calculation using the pile shaft axial force calculation equation deduced in this paper is close to the measured value when the foundation pile bears the ultimate load; the proposed new method has good application value.
Structural Aspects of Soft Ferromagnetic Mg-Zn Based Intermetallics Prepared by Die Casting
Authors: Rokon S.M. Nasim , Nahin Ayeman Mazdi , Hasan Md Mahmudul , Sharif Ahmed
Published: December 2023

In this research, different types of Mg-Zn based intermetallics that appear in the Mg-Zn alloy system were synthesized by conventional casting route. Consequently, the structural, mechanical, electrical, and magnetic properties of these Mg-Zn intermetallics were thoroughly studied. Every casting underwent a trivial loss of Mg by oxidation which resulted in slightly higher weight percentages of Zn. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the coexistence of several intermetallics in each sample. The morphology of the samples was studied under Optical and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopes and the phases were identified by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis further confirmed many of the available phases found. Mainly five intermetallics i.e., Mg51Zn20, MgZn, Mg4Zn7, MgZn2 and Mg2Zn11 were observed in the structures. The cast sample which is rich in Mg2Zn11 showed the highest compressive strength (122.6 MPa) and electrical conductivity of 10.47 S/m. From Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM) analysis it was found that three of the samples are soft ferromagnets whereas only the samples abundant in MgZn2 content showed paramagnetic behavior with maximum magnetization of 0.66 emu/gm.
Effect of Deposition Time on the Properties of CuxZnyS Thin Films Synthesized by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Kamli Kenza , Hadef Zakaria , Kamli Ouarda , Chouial Baghdadi , Aida Mohamed Salah , Hadjoudja Hani , Labiod Samir
Published: December 2023

Copper Zinc Sulfide CuxZnyS (CZS) thin films with different thicknesses were prepared by the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method (USP). The influence of deposition time on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of the thin films has been investigated. XRD styles revealed the formation of ternary CZS films. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements confirmed the presence of the two phases CuS and ZnS, which form the ternary compound CZS. Crystallite size increases from 75.29 nm to 105.46 nm as deposition time increases whereas the strain parameter decreases from 6.27*10-4 to 3.28*10-4. The obtained SEM images show that CZS thin films have a dense and rough surface topography. Spectrometric analysis of the deposited films confirmed the alloy nature of the elaborated films, whereas the corresponding values of band gaps were in the range of 3.28 to 3.17 eV. Results show that increasing the deposition time enhances the optical properties. Furthermore, the electrical properties of CZS films are influenced by the deposition time and phase transition. Significant improvements on these properties were obtained when the thin film thickness increased: the resistivity decreased from 95.10 to 0.12 Ω cm the carrier centration increased from 4.03×1021 to 14.07×1021 cm−3 and the mobility varied from 0.83 to 18.75 cm2 V−1 S−1.
Mean Field Study of a Cylindrical Ferrimagnetic Nanotube with Different Anisotropies
Authors: Al Qahoom Yahya , El Kihel Karima , Aharrouch Rachid , Al-Rajhi Abdalhameed , Madani Mohamed , El Bouziani Mohammed
Published: December 2023

In this paper, the ferrimagnetic mixed spins (1, 5/2) Blume-Capel model is proposed to investigate the phase diagrams and hysteresis behaviors of a magnetic cylindrical nanotube with a core-shell structure using the mean-field approximation based on the Bogoliubov inequality for the Gibbs free energy. The core sites are occupied by σ= ±1, 0 spins, whereas the shell sites are filled by S= ±5/2, ±3/2, ±1/2 spins. The effects of exchange couplings (Jin, JS) and single-ion anisotropies (DC, DS) on core, shell, and total magnetizations are investigated, as well as hysteresis behaviors. The entropy, free energy, and specific heat are analyzed to establish the stability of the solutions. The presentation and discussion of phase diagrams is detailed. The system shows a first-order and second-order phase transitions, as well as tricritical and critical end- points. In addition, the system shows compensation and reentrant behaviors. Various multiple hysteresis loop behaviors are seen according on the Hamiltonian parameters, such as the presence of triple, quintuple, and septuple hysteresis loops.
Effect of Three Surface Protectors on Surface Cracking and Discoloration of Pinus Radiata Wood, after Accelerated Aging by UV Rays and Humidity
Authors: Pilco-Mamani V. J. , Cayllahua-Quispe Ludolfo Fredy , Chavez-Gutierrez Jim Joe , Ayala-Castro Kenneth , Chara-Llaique Rosa
Published: December 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of three types of surface protectors: Protector with and without ultraviolet pigment and hydrophobic protector, on cracking and discoloration of Pinus radiata wood, after accelerated aging caused by temperature variation, UV-A radiation and humidity. For the tests, a QUV/Spray model accelerated aging chamber was used, which simulates the spectrum of radiation emitted by the sun under controlled climatic conditions in accordance with the EN 927-6 standard. The main results show that after 11 cycles (1848 hours) of testing, the color change decreased and the presence of the number and size of cracks occurred in the order of samples with Hydrophobic protection, followed by samples with UV pigment protector. and finally, in sample with protector without UV pigment. When wood is exposed to UV radiation, it undergoes photo-oxidation, causing an alteration of the properties and the original colour. This radiation burns the surface cells (lignin) of the wood, this effect produces cracking and flaking of the wood.
Characterization and Evaluation of Asphalt Mixtures for Cycle Paths with Cellulose Fiber Obtained from Non-Toxic Sanitary Waste
Authors: Tipán Wilson Oswaldo Cando , Salazar Ana Beatriz Cando , Vélez Bolívar Mauricio Cely , Carrasco Verónica Lizeth Arellano , García Jorge Alexander Bucheli
Published: December 2023

This article will try to implement an ecological pavement using paper cellulose obtained from the recycling process of non-toxic sanitary waste, in order to combat environmental problems and make better use of this desire, thus preventing its increase in dumps or landfills. Therefore, tests were carried out to determine the optimal percentages of recycled paper cellulose that should be added to obtain an asphalt mixture that meets the proper parameters to be used, in this case focused on the realization of bicycle lanes. This would represent a benefit for the environment, which aims to create awareness in people, showing them the type of civil works that could improve from an adequate recycling process. Our study implements the RAMCODES methodology, which optimizes the production of briquettes, considerably reduces their number and guarantees a good result, giving way to this methodology that can be used in the future for new studies and that these are carried out in a faster and with guaranteed results.
Effect of Short-Term Outdoor Exposure on Fatigue Property of Japanese Cedar under Cyclic Loading
Authors: Katogi Hideaki
Published: December 2023

The wood has been focused for sustainable development goals (SDGs) of many interior products and buildings. The durability and weatherability of wood as constituent material should be investigated for the safety. In this study, the fatigue test of Japanese cedar as wood was conducted after and before outdoor exposure tests for constituent materials of interior products and buildings. The test term is one month (start time: 9/7/2020). The test place for outdoor exposure test is Hino Tokyo, Japan. As a fatigue test condition, the frequency was 10 Hz. The stress level was 70-90% of the tensile strength. As a result, the fatigue property of Japanese cedar was affected by photo degradation because constituent materials on the surface of Japanese cedar mainly received ultraviolet wave under outdoor exposure environment.
A juvenile homicide:  A criminological summary of the murder of James Bulger 
 
 
Authors: Rathnayake A. P.
Published: December 2023

The progenies sometimes commit crimes with extreme cruelty and barbarity and the purview of such crimes is vast. Some children are involved in senseless and brutal killings and such crimes do not show any motive or explanation. The article is an analysis of the murder of James Bulger, who was a toddler and faced a tragic death in 1993. The death of Bulger was not natural but a result of the delinquent mentality of two young children John Venables and Robert Thompson, who were 10 years old at that time. The horrific death of the toddler petrified the world and it was shocking news as it was considered one of the cold-blooded murders in the world. Through the analysis of this case, the author attempts to expound the causes which compel children to commit acts of brutality. A child’s upbringing, and bad and ineffective parenting result in emotional instability which prominently drives him/her to commit gruesome murders. The methodology adapted by the author in this paper is qualitative in nature and involves content analysis of secondary sources of law.
A retrospective descriptive study on deaths due to firearm injuries in Western Province, Sri Lanka
Authors: Alwis D. N. , Govinnage D. P. S. , Kulathunga D. L. , Perera W. N. S. , Paranitharan P.
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The use of firearms is a well-recognized method of committing a homicide. In Sri Lanka, the use of firearms was prominent among terrorists and underworld criminals. The analysis of the injury pattern will help to find the trends related to firearm injuries. Deaths that deviate from the routine pattern of injuries will be highlighted.Objectives: The objective of the study was to identify injury patterns in firearm-related deaths and the methods used to identify the range.Methods: The data from 40 firearm-related autopsies conducted at Offices of the Judicial Medical Officer at Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, and Office of the Judicial Medical Officer, Colombo from 2000 to 2019 were collected from the post-mortem reports using pre-formed questionnaires and entered into the SPSS statistical package for analysis.Results: The majority were between 21 and 40 years of age (75%) and male (97.5%). Head alone was involved in 25% of deaths and head in combination with other regions was involved in 45% of the deaths. Cause of death (COD) in 50% of cases was head injuries alone and in 12.5% of cases, COD was from head injuries in combination with other injuries. The commonest circumstance was homicide in 72.5% of cases. Rifled firearm was the most common weapon used (90%). Range or the distance of fire was in the distant range in 65% of cases followed by close range in 17.5% of cases. Distance of fire was decided by the history, if available, the appearance of the entry wound, and other observations.Conclusions: Scientific evaluation of deaths following firearm injuries demands proper assessment of the range or the distance of fire based on modern technology. This becomes more relevant if there is an incompatibility with the history and the appearance of the wound, especially when deciding the circumstance of death.
The perplexities of E-Discovery in the Indian healthcare system - A narrative review
 
Authors: Chopra J. S.
Published: December 2023

With the rapid advances in medical technology and the digitization of healthcare systems, the importance of collecting and analyzing digital evidence in the medical field has grown significantly. This evidence plays a crucial role in investigating medical malpractice cases and preparing for legal proceedings in India. As medical devices and electronic health records become more prevalent, vast amounts of data are generated, stored, and accessed. While having substantial evidence to support medical claims is beneficial, it is essential to find a balance between retrieving and admitting digital evidence while respecting patient privacy. This article examines the use of electronic evidence in Indian medical litigation, the challenges it presents, and the initiatives taken to manage these challenges. However, the absence of clear legal guidelines on electronic discovery in medical cases exacerbates the problem. Medical procedure rules often fail to address electronic discovery, resulting in inconsistent case law across different courts in India and the world. Consequently, healthcare practitioners are left to develop ad hoc solutions through informal discussions and negotiations. Thus, this paper highlights the necessity for a comprehensive legal framework and active judicial management to handle electronic discovery in the medical domain.
Deaths due to rabies in Shivamogga, India: Case series and review
Authors: Navamani S. , Chidananda P. S. , Naik S. , Veeresh M. R.
Published: December 2023

Rabies is a fatal disease and deaths due to this have been on the increase. This is due to a lack of awareness leading to failure to obtain proper treatment. We report five cases confirmed to be rabies virus positive, with Negri bodies in their neuronal tissues. Due to a lack of awareness, the individuals are failing to take proper postexposure prophylaxis. The people are avoiding going to health care hospitals as a result of which, after varying incubatory periods the individuals eventually are succumbing to the illness. They are exhibiting characteristic encephalitic symptoms, as a result of this deadly disease. Proper prevention and management, along with awareness among the people can decrease the fatality. Effective programs and continuous surveillance of rabid dogs, to effectively control their population and vaccinate them on a consecutive basis, can combat the virus and stop its spread.
Morphometry of Articular Surfaces of Talus in Relation to Talocrural Joint and Its Clinical Implications
Authors: Singh Archana , Saxena Parul , Singh Arun
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

The talus is a tarsal bone that connects the foot to the leg by forming the ankle joint. For planning the arthroplasty, knowledge of morphometry of articular surfaces of the talus has great importance for joint surgeries. The present study was done to measure the various parameters of the trochlear, lateral, and medial articular surface of dry human talus bone, compare the values of the right and left sides, and discuss its clinical significance.

Materials and Methods:

A present cross-sectional study was carried out on 66 adult dry human tali, morphometry of trochlear (superior), medial, and lateral articular surface were done with the digital Vernier caliper (0.01 mm). All the data were tabulated and expressed as mean, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation. Both right and left side parameters were compared with t-test, and P < 0.05 taken as significant.

Results:

The mean trochlear anteroposterior distance of total 66 tali were 29.42 ± 3.27 mm (medial), 30.68 ± 2.62 mm (central), and 30.74 ± 2.91 mm (lateral). The mean transverse width was 25.65 ± 2.54 mm (anterior), 24.72 ± 2.33 mm (central), and 21.38 ± 2.76 mm (posterior). The mean central height and central width of the lateral articular surface were 23.34 ± 2.14 mm and 19.43 ± 2.46 mm, respectively. The mean central height and central width of the medial articular surface were 13.08 ± 1.84 mm and 27.14 ± 2.59 mm, respectively. A significant difference was found only for the value of central height and central width of the medial articular surface of the right and left talus (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The values of the central height of the medial articular surface of the left side were higher, whereas the value of the central width of the same was higher in the right side. Hence, this study may help in ankle joint surgeries for choosing the appropriate size of Talus implant.
Depth, size of infiltrate, and the microbe – The trio that prognosticates the outcome of infective keratitis
Authors: Agarwal Shweta , Srinivasan Bhaskar , Iyer Geetha , Pandey Sunita , Agarwal Manokamna , Dhiman Richa , Surya Janani , Anand Appakkudal R ,   Sankara Nethralaya Cornea Emergency Team (SNCET)
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

To analyze the influence of infiltrate size, depth, and organism on the outcome of microbial keratitis.

Design:

Retrospective comparative study.

Methods:

Medical records of patients with infective keratitis, who reported from January 2015 to December 2019 to a tertiary eye care center, were analyzed. Size and depth of ulcer at presentation were the factors used to group patients, and the influence on the outcome of the organism causing it was analyzed. Grouping was as follows: group A: ulcer size <6 mm/anterior to midstromal infiltrate, group B: ulcer < 6 mm/full-thickness infiltrate, group C: ulcer >6 mm/anterior to midstromal infiltrate, group D: ulcer > 6 mm/full-thickness infiltrate. Patients with viral keratitis or unidentified organism were excluded. Response to treatment and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at the final follow-up were the outcome measures.

Results:

In the study, 1117/6276 patients were included, with 60.8% patients in group A. A significant improvement in visual acuity was noted in groups A/B compared to groups C/D. Group A had the best response to medical management, irrespective of the organism. Higher risk for surgery was noted in group C compared to group B, with group A as the reference. Overall resolution with medical treatment was noted in 70% miscellaneous keratitis, 64.8% bacterial keratitis, 64.3% mixed keratitis, 62.5% acanthamoeba keratitis, 52.6% fungal keratitis, and 12.1% Pythium keratitis. Bacteria and acanthamoeba responded better to medical management than fungal keratitis, whereas Pythium had the highest risk for surgery.

Conclusion:

An interplay between virulence of the organism along with depth and size of the infiltrate determines the outcome of microbial keratitis.
Bimanual phacoemulsification for subluxated cataractous lens
Authors: Khokhar Sudarshan , Rani Deeksha , Rathod Aishwarya , Nathiya Venkatesh , Kapoor Anirudh
Published: December 2023

Bimanual phacoemulsification has been established as a safe and efficacious means of nuclear emulsification in the past. This case report presents the use of this technique in a man in his early forties, who had subluxated cataractous lenses in both eyes. The technique allowed for effective nuclear emulsification within a closed chamber, providing better control over intraocular events. The report emphasizes the safety and effectiveness of bimanual phacoemulsification in cataract extraction, even in challenging cases like a subluxated lens.
Keratoconus in India: Clinical presentation and demographic distribution based on big data analytics
Authors: Das Anthony V , Deshmukh Rashmi S , Reddy Jagadesh C , Joshi Vineet P , Singh Vivek M , Gogri Pratik Y , Murthy Somasheila I , Chaurasia Sunita , Fernandes Merle , Roy Aravind , Das Sujata , Vaddavalli Pravin K
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

This paper aims to describe the clinical presentation and demographic distribution of keratoconus (KCN) in India by analyzing the electronic medical records (EMR) of patients presenting at a multitier ophthalmology hospital network.

Methods:

This cross-sectional hospital-based study included the data of 2,384,523 patients presenting between January 2012 and March 2020. Data were collected from an EMR system. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of KCN in at least one eye were included in this study. Univariate analysis was performed to identify the prevalence of KCN. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using R software (version 3.5.1), and the odds ratios are reported.

Results:

Data were obtained for 14,749 (0.62%) patients with 27,703 eyes diagnosed with KCN and used for the analysis. The median age of the patients was 22 (inter-quartile range (IQR): 17–27). In total, 76.64% of adults (odds ratio = 8.77; P = <0.001) were affected the most. The majority of patients were male (61.25%), and bilateral (87.83%) affliction was the most common presentation. A significant proportion of the patients were students (63.98%). Most eyes had mild or no visual impairment (<20/70; 61.42%). Corneal signs included ectasia (41.35%), Fleischer ring (44.52%), prominent corneal nerves (45.75%), corneal scarring (13.60%), Vogts striae (18.97%), and hydrops (0.71%). Only 7.85% showed an association with allergic conjunctivitis. A contact lens clinic assessment was administered to 47.87% of patients. Overall, 10.23% of the eyes affected with KCN underwent a surgical procedure. the most common surgery was collagen cross-linking (8.05%), followed by deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (1.13%) and penetrating keratoplasty (0.88%).

Conclusion:

KCN is usually bilateral and predominantly affects males. It commonly presents in the second and third decade of life, and only a tenth of the affected eyes require surgical treatment.
Flow capsulorhexis: A novel technique in white and hypermature cataracts
Authors: Thulasidas Mithun , Geetha G
Published: December 2023

We described a novel “flow capsulorhexis” technique in white and hypermature cataracts and compared it with the standard “needle decompression capsulorhexis” technique. Six hundred and eight eyes of 420 patients with intumescent or non-intumescent mature white cataracts who had undergone phacoemulsification or manual small incision cataract surgery with “flow capsulorhexis” (Group 1) or “needle decompression capsulorhexis” (Group 2) were assessed. The mean continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) completion time was 6.6 ± 3.4 seconds in Group 1 and 10.4 ± 4.2 seconds in Group 2 (P < 0.001). The mean number of times for an ophthalmic viscosurgical device (OVD) supplement was 0.4 ± 0.2 and 1.8 ± 0.8 in Group 1 and Group 2, respectively (P < 0.001). CCC success rate was 95.8% in Group 1 and 87.2% in Group 2 (P = 0.001). The new technique was observed to have better outcomes in terms of surgical time, OVD supplement times, and success rate than the standard needle decompression technique.
A cross-sectional study of macular displacement after macular hole surgery with ILM peeling in patients with idiopathic macular hole
Authors: Shekhawat Nagendra , Karra Abhishek , Gupta Elika , Sharma Daksh
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

To examine the retinal displacement and change in mean superficial foveal avascular zone (FAZ) after successful closure of macular hole (MH) with vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling (ILM) and gas tamponade.

Methods:

A total of 45 patients with idiopathic MH who underwent 23G pars plana vitrectomy with ILM peeling and tamponade with 20% SF6/14% C3F8 were included. Follow-up visits were performed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks. OCT and OCT-A scans were performed along with detailed ocular examination. Distance between optic disc and an easily identifiable vascular bifurcation nasal and temporal to fovea, FAZ, was noted. Chi-square test (categorical data) and Mann–Whitney U test and t tests for other parameters were performed for statistical analysis.

Results:

The mean displacement (µm) of an easily identifiable vascular bifurcation in the nasal quadrant was 96.58 ± 36.55 at 8 weeks and in the temporal quadrant was 273.07 ± 85.51 at 8 weeks. The change was statistically significant in the temporal quadrant (P = <0.001). The mean BCVA changed from a minimum of 0.08 at the preoperative timepoint to a maximum of 0.23 at 8 weeks (P = <0.001). The mean FAZ area (mm²) decreased from a maximum of 0.37 at the preoperative timepoint to a minimum of 0.19 at 8 weeks (p = <0.001).

Conclusion:

The retina in the temporal quadrant is displaced significantly more than nasal quadrant after successful closure of macular hole. The mean superficial FAZ also decreases suggesting a centripetal movement of the foveal tissue postoperatively.
Clinical results after binocular implantation of a unique nondiffractive enhanced monofocal intraocular lens designed for enhanced monovision to increase the depth of focus
Authors: Madhivanan Nivean , Nivean Pratheeba D , Madanagopalan V G , Priya Shanmuga , Madhivanan Nishanth , Arthi M
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

To provide the reports of a pilot study to assess the visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity with RayOne enhanced monovision (EMV), a unique nondiffractive enhanced monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) to increase the range of focus.

Methods:

A retrospective case series study was conducted by analyzing 25 patients (50 eyes) who had bilateral implantation of EMV IOL after cataract surgery. Data collected included biometry, spherical equivalent (SE), and VA for near, intermediate, and distance. Patients were reviewed at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after surgery. Contrast sensitivity (CS) was checked at 1 month.

Results:

The study included 14 males (56%). Age of participants was 61.4 ± 7.4 years. Uniocular uncorrected near and distance VA improved from 0.33 ± 0.13 to 0.05 ± 0.07 and from 0.63 ± 0.31 to 0.05 ± 0.10 log of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) at 1 month (P < 0.001 for both). Binocular uncorrected near and distance VA improved from 0.09 ± 0.18 and 0.14 ± 0.27 to 0.05 ± 0.06 and 0.00 ± 0.09 logMAR, respectively (P < 0.001). SE changed from − 0.23 ± 2.55 to − 0.33 ± 0.46. CS at 3 months was 1.74 ± 0.21. At 1 month, 48 eyes (96%) achieved uncorrected intermediate VA 6/15 (0.4 logMAR) or better. When comparing eyes that had uncorrected intermediate vision of ≥ 0.2 (6/9 or better) to eyes that had < 0.2 logMAR at 1 month, there was no difference between groups with respect to baseline parameters.

Conclusion:

The pilot study shows that the nondiffractive EMV IOL is safe, effective, and stable, providing excellent distance and intermediate vision and good near vision.
Ocular infections associated with atypical mycobacteria: A review
Authors: Das Shilpa , Murthy Somasheila I , Padhi Tapas Ranjan , Behera Himansu Sekhar , Jakati Saumya , Sharma Savitri , Das Sujata
Published: December 2023

Atypical mycobacteria or non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a group of acid-fast bacteria that are pathogenic to different parts of the eye. The organisms can cause a spectrum of ocular infections including keratitis, scleritis, uveitis, endophthalmitis and orbital cellulitis. Trauma, whether surgical or nonsurgical, has the highest correlation with development of this infection. Common surgeries after which these infections have been reported include laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and scleral buckle surgery. The organism is noted to form biofilms with sequestration of the microbe at different inaccessible locations leading to high virulence. Collection of infective ocular material (corneal scraping/necrotic scleral tissue/abscess material/vitreous aspirate, etc.) and laboratory identification of the organism through microbiologic testing are vital for confirming presence of the infection and initiating treatment. In cluster infections, tracing the source of infection in the hospital setting via testing of different in-house samples is equally important to prevent further occurrences. Although the incidence of these infections is low, their presence can cause prolonged disease that may often be resistant to medical therapy alone. In this review, we describe the various types of NTM-ocular infections, their clinical presentation, laboratory diagnosis, management, and outcomes.
An optical coherence study on optic disc parameters and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with optic disc edema
Authors: Srija Yamijala Neha , Pattnaik Lolly , Mishra Suchismita , Panigrahi Pradeep Kumar
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

This study aimed at evaluation of patients diagnosed with optic disc edema (ODE) in terms of demographics, etiology, clinical presentation, and optical coherence tomography parameters.

Methods:

An observational cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2021 to July 2022. Patients diagnosed with ODE underwent comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and optic nerve head parameters were assessed using optical coherence tomography. Radiologic investigations were done as deemed necessary.

Results:

One hundred and forty-eight eyes with ODE (134 eyes from 67 patients with bilateral ODE and 14 eyes from 14 patients with unilateral ODE) and 148 eyes of age- and gender-matched control group were included in the study. The mean age of the study population was 31.51 ± 13.33 years, with 44 (54.3%) males and 37 (45.6%) females. Bilateral ODE was seen in 82.7% of patients. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension was the most common cause of bilateral ODE, and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy was the most common cause of unilateral presentation. Decreased vision and headache were the main symptoms reported by a majority of patients. Peripapillary RNFL thickness was significantly increased in the ODE group compared to controls.

Conclusion:

The current study provides the clinical profile and optic disc and RNFL measurements of ODE patients in an Eastern Indian population. Detailed history and careful evaluation are necessary, as the treatment strategy is highly dependent on the underlying etiologies.
Algebraic-geometry approach to construction
of semi-Hamiltonian systems of hydrodynamic type
Authors: Glukhov Evgeniy Vladimirovich , Mokhov Oleg Ivanovich
Published: December 2023

In this paper, a class of semi-Hamiltonian diagonal systems of
hydrodynamic type is constructed using algebraic-geometric methods.
For such systems, hydrodynamic integrals and hydrodynamic symmetries
are constructed from algebraic-geometric data.
Besides, it is described what algebraic-geometric data distinguish
in this class Hamiltonian diagonal systems with Hamiltonian structures
defined by flat metrics (local Dubrovin-Novikov brackets) and
metrics of constant curvature (nonlocal Mokhov-Ferapontov brackets).
Calculation of hyperelliptic systems of sequences of rank 4
Authors: Illarionov Andrei Anatol'evich
Published: December 2023

Formulas for sequences of complex numbers satisfying functional relations
of bilinear type are investigated. The results obtained are used
in describing all 1-periodic entire functions
$f,g\colon \mathbb{C}\to\mathbb{C}$ satisfying
$f(x+y)g(x-y)=\phi_1(x)\psi_1(y)+…+\phi_4(x)\psi_4(y)$
for some $\phi_j,\psi_j\colon \mathbb{C}\to\mathbb{C}$.
Engine Combustion: Pressure Measurement and Analysis
Authors:   Kistler Group, Rogers David R
Published: December 2023

Engine Combustion: Pressure Measurement and Analysis, 2E provides practical information on measuring, analyzing, and qualifying combustion data, as well as details on hardware and software requirements and system components. Describing the principles of a successful combustion measurement process, the book will enable technicians and engineers to efficiently generate the required data to complete their development tasks. The revised edition has been updated with color photos and a fresh modern format has been adapted enhancing the readability of the book. As with the original printing, Engine Combustion: Pressure Measurement and Analysis, 2E is a comprehensive handbook for technicians and engineers involved in engine testing and development, and a valuable reference for scientists and students who wish to understand combustion measurement processes and techniques.
Head Injury Biomechanics, Volume 1-- The Skull
Authors:   Biomechanics Consulting, Pike Jeffrey A
Published: December 2023

Nearly 50,000 Americans die from brain injuries annually, with approximately half of all Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI) being transportation-related. TBI is a critical and ever-evolving safety topic, with equally important components of injury prevention, consequences, and treatment. This book is part of a 3-volume set which presents a comprehensive look at recent head injury research and focuses on head impact injuries and features 13 technical papers. These publications are primarily related to head impact and the resulting injury to the outside of the head – the skin, the bones of the skull, and sensory organs. Editor Jeffrey A. Pike has selected the most relevant technical papers spanning the early 1990s through the beginning of 2011, including several older papers which provide an essential historical perspective. Each volume in the series also includes a table of references arranged by topic and a new chapter tying together anatomy, injury, and injury mechanism topics. Buy the Set and Save! Head Injury Biomechanics The three-volume set consists of these individual volumes: Head Injury Biomechanics, Volume 1--The Skull Head Injury Biomechanics, Volume 2--The Brain Head Injury Biomechanics, Volume 3--Mitigation
Recepcija gregorijanskega korala v ljubljanski škofiji v dolgem 19. stoletju
Authors: Nagode Aleš
Published: December 2023

Članek zarisuje recepcijo gregorijanskega korala v Sloveniji v 19. stoletju. Na podlagi virov opisuje stanje v prvi polovici stoletja ter vpliv prvih poskusov na historistični estetiki utemeljenih reformnih prizadevanj. Podrobno opazuje razmah cecilijanskega gibanja po letu 1877 in na podlagi virov analizira sredstva, vsebino in uspešnost njegovih reformnih prizadevanj.
Handwritten Text Recognition for Documentary Medieval Manuscripts
Authors: Torres Aguilar Sergio , Jolivet Vincent
Published: December 2023

Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) techniques aim to accurately recognize sequences of characters in input manuscript images by training artificial intelligence models to capture historical writing features. Efficient HTR models can transform digitized manuscript collections into indexed and quotable corpora, providing valuable research insight for various historical inquiries. However, several challenges must be addressed, including the scarcity of relevant training corpora, the consequential variability introduced by different scribal hands and writing scripts, and the complexity of page layouts. This paper presents two models and one cross-model approach for automatic transcription of Latin and French medieval documentary manuscripts, particularly charters and registers, written between the 12th and 15th centuries and classified into two major writing scripts: Textualis (from the late-11th to 13th century) and Cursiva (from the 13th to the 15th century). The architecture of the models is based on a Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network (CRNN) coupled with a Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) loss. The training and evaluation of the models, involving 120k lines of text and almost 1M tokens, were conducted using three available ground-truth corpora : The e-NDP corpus, the Alcar-HOME database and the Himanis project. This paper describes the training architecture and corpora used, while discussing the main training challenges, results, and potential applications of HTR techniques on medieval documentary manuscripts.
Semnificația perceptibilă a unor evenimente prin canalele mass-media
Authors:   University of Arts Târgu Mureș, Olăreanu Cristinela
Published: December 2023

The flood of information from all domains in the mass media makes it almost impossible for the consumer, or rather the media receiver, to correctly decipher and understand an event or multiple events, news that comes in an avalanche over the already question-filled mind of the consumer, regardless of which information channel they are on. The relationship between the information provider and their client remains constantly uneven, as no matter how the latter positions themselves, they remain only a hungry consumer eager to satisfy their hunger for news without being able to discern between recorded truth and reality in its natural unfolding. In other words, their perception is blatantly influenced by psychological, sociological, and emotional mechanisms that manage to deform their reality through the extremely abundant flow of information, leaving almost no room for reflection and personal judgement. Events come with ready-packaged answers, leaving the interlocutor behind who, abused by the multitude of media channels, becomes easy prey in a highly orchestrated manipulation process. Meaning is quickly replaced by information that monopolizes both its transmission and especially the result it emits.
A háború megszokása
Authors:   Milton Friedman University, Budapest, Kállai R. Gábor
Published: December 2023

Facebook has become part of everyday life. Apart from the algorithm-generated business and political ads, Facebook’s bubbles are unique, yet inevitably attract real or fake news about the Russian-Ukrainian war. The intense interest in the war, or “special military operation”, is natural, as it is too close, and fortunately, we have not had such an experience in Europe for over twenty years. The interest is further intensified by the fact that political actors make contradictory statements about this event, as do marketable experts in traditional media. Due to the nature of Facebook, users consciously or unconsciously build a kind of burrow around themselves. The burrow (F. Kafka: Der Bau) is famously built by pounding its walls hard with our foreheads. The burrow is both a hiding place that provides security, and, at the same time, its seclusion creates uncertainty. We may wonder what is actually there, and what can come of it? If we consider any question we ask and any answer we get, the answers will be just as controversial as our questions. But there is one common result: we are beginning to get used to the war, and one frightening fact is that the politicians who decide our fate are too.
The Meaning of Chinese Ethnic Existence Before and After New Order Restrictions on Documentary Photography
Authors:   Indonesian Institute of Arts, Yogyakarta, Kurnia Jati Nico
Published: December 2023

Indonesia has a long history of becoming a multi-ethnic country consisting of various tribes, races, and groups. Ethnic identity, existence, consistency, and recognition of the Chinese ethnicity from the wider community can be reflected in birth photos in various photo salons, wedding photos, family portraits, condolence advertisements in daily newspapers, to photos of historical upheaval involving the Chinese ethnicity. Through the form of the photo, the Chinese ethnicity shows its existence in the field of religious values, culture, and social stratification. Through historical studies, research on archival photographs of ethnic Chinese before and after the New Order aims to measure the extent of the existence of ethnic Chinese on the smallest scale within the family (object) and mass works as (subject). The Chinese ethnicity has a high spirit of companionship and unity with one clan and another, so the medium of photographs becomes a means of communication to explain what is being experienced by one family to another. Posting photos for the public is like finding freedom for the Chinese ethnicity to show their existence after the New Order era because at that time their freedom was quite limited by the government. This paper discusses the meaning behind the photographs of Chinese ethnicity to show their existence.
ANÁLISE SWOT PARA DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM PLANO ESTRATÉGICO DE INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Santos Silvana Maria Aparecida Viana , Almeida Agnólia Pereira de , Polizello Ângela Ap. de Assis , Ribeiro Claudia , Meroto Monique Bolonha das Neves
Published: December 2023

Este paper é um Resumo: de uma pesquisa científica elaborada por uma instituição de ensino superior particular da região da grande Vitória. O curso de Marketing foi acionado, junto ao seu corpo docente, com a finalidade de propor uma avaliação mais completa baseada no sistema SWOT, muito difundido entre empresas para a medição de fatores como forças, oportunidades, fraquezas e ameaças. A pesquisa começou com o levantamento de algumas hipóteses para ver se, realmente, a situação encaixava-se nesta ótica. A metodologia utilizada foi um questionário aplicado, em primeira instância, ao alto escalão da instituição, tais como reitoria, direção geral, vice-reitoria e coordenação de áreas. Em segundo momento, o memo questionário foi aplicado aos demais funcionários, docentes e pessoal administrativo. Após a compilação dos dados em planilha Excel, o mesmo foi disponibilizado a todos os participantes e os pontos foram discutidos em forma de recomendações sobre como integrar estratégias para melhorar o desenvolvimento da instituição. Como conclusão, observou-se que algumas das hipóteses levantadas não condiziam com a realidade institucional; no entanto, vários outros quesitos mereceram atenção do ponto de vista tanto acadêmico quanto administrativo.
ESTRATÉGIAS ATIVAS: AÇÕES EM BUSCA DO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA AUTONOMIA DOS ESTUDANTES
Authors: Santos Vera Liz Silverio dos , Silva Claudia Kreuzberg da , Praxedes Germano Fonseca , Magalhães Pedro Soares , Silva Sidinéia da
Published: December 2023

Embora a aprendizagem colaborativa não seja algo recente, com o surgimento das tecnologias de informação e comunicação, e com o avanço da Internet, a aprendizagem colaborativa tem tido muito crescimento no meio acadêmico. Embora existam diferentes maneiras para conceituar aprendizagem colaborativa, fica evidente que todos colocam, cada um de sua forma, que é por meio da construção em conjunto e com a ajuda entre os membros do grupo que se busca atingir objetivos e adquirir novos conhecimentos. A base da aprendizagem colaborativa está na interação e troca entre os alunos, com o objetivo de melhorar a competência dos mesmos para os trabalhos cooperativos em grupo. A taxonomia de bloom também pode ajudar na aprendizagem. No dia a dia, nem sempre é uma tarefa fácil analisar quais competências e habilidades o aluno, de fato, conseguiu desenvolver. Porém, com a taxonomia de Bloom, os educadores conseguem ter mais controle dos objetivos educacionais e das estratégias pedagógicas necessárias, até mesmo, para mudar pontos específicos no plano de aula, quando necessário. Espera-se que esta pesquisa bibliográfica contribua para suscitar debate mais profundo e esclarecedor sobre a utilização da aprendizagem colaborativa na educação como uma proposta diferenciada, onde o papel do professor como mediador e a interação entre os alunos por meio do diálogo, seja oral ou escrito, se caracterizam como aspectos fundamentais que poderão contribuir não para a reprodução, mas para a construção do conhecimento.
BNCC E OS CURRÍCULOS NO BRASIL SUAS CARACTERÍSTICAS E POTENCIALIDADES
Authors: Melo Dilza Maria Cruz , Velozo Daniele de Souza , Oliveira Fabiana Silva , Baía Julia Pereira Nascimento , Santos Silvana Maria Aparecida Viana
Published: December 2023

O panorama educacional dos últimos anos tem sido caracterizado por múltiplas reformas, sendo uma delas a BNCC, na qual se trata de um documento normativo, onde aborda uma política de um único currículo. Esse documento gerou e continua gerando muitas dúvidas e polêmicas, alguns apontam como um documento de centralização de currículos validados em países do centro do capitalismo, com o objetivo de controle político, já outro apontam como documento potencializador de competências e habilidades. Esse trabalho trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, elaborada a partir de um levantamento bibliográfico, utilizando livros e artigos científicos. Tem como objetivo apresentar as características e potencialidades da BNCC e dos currículos no Brasil. Por fim, se observa uma preocupação com a qualidade do ensino, visto que a BNCC não contempla os itinerários formativos. Portanto, abordar a questão da BNCC é de extrema importância, pois o documento visa garantir o ensino equânime por meio do currículo escolar
Direitos sociais, mínimo existencial e garantismo constitucional
Authors: Lessa Vieira Taise Daiana Lopes , Palma de Brito Marcelo
Published: December 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer um estudo acerca dos direitos sociais no Brasil, o conceito, a natureza jurídica e como eles se apresentam como norma de direito fundamental. Uma segunda finalidade é observar como os Tribunais aplicam os direitos sociais e quais as teorias adotadas para justificar a escolha da decisão no caso concreto levada pela sociedade por meio das demandas judiciais. Para tanto, será abordada teorias que buscam garantir dignidade as pessoas utilizando os direitos sociais como fundamento para efetivação de um projeto de vida boa. Será estudado, ainda, teorias que surgiram como forma de inviabilizar a aplicação direta e indireta dos direitos sociais, sujeitando-os a critérios, ora de conveniência e oportunidade, ora a critérios econômicos e orçamentários, deixando de lado o aspecto de auto aplicabilidade desses direitos e afastando, portanto, o estado da implementação do garantismo constitucional trazido pela Constituição de 1988, tornando-a ineficaz e violadora de direitos humanos básicos.
О гармонических функций типа Яновского, связанных с гипергеометрическими функциями Райта
Authors: Murugusundaramoorthy G. , Porwal S.
Published: December 2023

In our present study we consider Janowski type harmonic functions class introduced and studied by Dziok, whose members are given by $h(z) = z + \sum_{n=2}^{\infty} h_n z^n$ and $g(z) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} g_n z^n$, such that $\mathcal{ST}_{H}(F,G)=\big\{ f = h + \bar{g} \in {H}:\frac{\mathfrak{D}_H f(z)}{f(z)}\prec\frac{1+Fz}{1+G z};\, (-G \leq F < G \leq 1, \text{ with } g_1=0)\big\},$ where $\mathfrak{D}_H f(z) = zh'(z)-\overline{zg'(z)}\,$ and $z\in \mathbb{U}=\{z:z\in \mathbb{C} \text{ and }|z| < 1 \}.$ We investigate an~association between these subclasses of harmonic univalent functions by applying certain convolution operator concerning Wright's generalized hypergeometric functions and several special cases are given as a corollary. Moreover we pointed out certain connections between Janowski-type harmonic functions class involving the generalized Mittag–Leffler functions. Relevant connections of the results presented herewith various well-known results are briefly indicated.