bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religion among Young People in Australia, Thailand and the United States
Authors: Hughes Phillip
Published: March 2015

In terms of religious identification, young people in Australia, Thailand and the United States are quite different. This is evident in data from Census and surveys in relation to religious identity, practices and beliefs. Australia is the least religious of the three countries, with significantly higher identity and practice in Thailand and higher again in the United States. However, in all three countries, confidence in the authority of religious institutions is weak and religion has become more of a personal resource which young people call on from time to time as they see the need. There are, however, major caveats to this picture. In all three countries, there are minority groups for whom religion is a source of their identity and a vital component of life.
Religious Education, Social Inclusion and Interreligious Literacy in England and Australia
Authors: Byrne Cathy Jane
Published: March 2015

This article examines the contentious nature of religion in relation to questions of interreligious literacy and education. It connects the concept of cultural tolerance to a particular interpretation of ‘religious literacy’ in the education policy environment, and examines religion-related education governance structures. I draw on examples from state-funded Australian government schools, against a backdrop of ‘social inclusion’ policy. First, two different, ideologically based, styles of ‘inclusion’, and their variant styles of governance, will be de?ned. These two styles can be described as ‘passive’ (economically focused and inherently limited) inclusion, and ‘active’ (socially focused, and critically, consciously broad) inclusion. The article explores the political basis of these two styles of inclusion and how they encourage or discourage minority voices within democratic processes. The article then analyses how these styles of inclusion affect contributions, from minority voices, to policy development and practice in relation to religion in state schools. Inclusive policies in education in the past few decades have targeted socio-economic (often racial and location-based) and ability differentials. A lack of inclusion policies which specifically address cultural (particularly religious) barriers highlights the limitations of an economically focused social inclusion agenda.
Mountains Analogous? The Academic Urban Legend of Alejandro Jodorowsky’s Cult Film Adaptation of René Daumal’s Esoteric Novel
Authors: Pecotic David
Published: March 2015

The Chilean-French avant-garde filmmaker and self-styled spiritual teacher Alejandro Jodorowsky’s film, The Holy Mountain (1973), is often referred to as a ‘surrealistic’ exploration of Western Esotericism, and was a pivotal cinematic moment for what Christopher Partridge (2004, 2005) has termed ‘occulture’. It is often claimed in secondary literature and informally online that the film is based on the unfinished novel Mount Analogue (1952) by René Daumal, French writer and follower of the esotericist G.I. Gurdjieff. The Holy Mountain is thus a clear candidate for testing theories about the cultural production of ‘Gurdjieffian’ film adaptations. A closer reading, however, shows that the two texts share few ideological or even structural elements. In the wake of the film’s reception and Jodorowsky’s growing cultural importance, this article maps the congruence of the film to the novel by focusing on the role played by the eponymous mountain as the only invariant symbol in both. Some of the biographical contours of the two artists’ relationship to Gurdjieffian and wider occultural esoteric discourses will also be traced to reveal the pre-critical and largely self referential narrative of the film adaptation in the secondary literature as a species of academic urban legend-making.
“Free Swing” and the Emergent Neophonic
Authors: Jones Ryan
Published: March 2015

After briefly disbanding his Artistry in Rhythm Orchestra in the spring of 1947, Stan Kenton reformed the group to tour dance and concert halls. On 6 November the group performed at the Corn Palace in Mitchell, South Dakota, after which Kenton broadcasted an interview including an arrangement of ‘How High the Moon’ featuring June Christy. As evidenced in a recently discovered recording of this broadcast, Kenton’s contemporaneous views on the direction of jazz in 1947 provide insight into the young leader’s perspectives, values, and motivation. Alongside bold predictions concerning the future dominance of jazz in popular music, Kenton expounds upon emerging notions of “free swing” in an effort to articulate his vision for progressive jazz in terms his audience might best understand and embrace. This paper glimpses Kenton’s nascent aesthetic in context with this decisive period and explores its connection to paths he would pursue throughout his mature career.
From Blues to Latin Just in Time
Authors: Lopes Eduardo
Published: March 2015

Just in Time (Lopes, 2003) is an empirically devised rhythmic analytic model which assesses the operation and qualities of rhythm and metre, and their interaction with other parameters. This paper will investigate the operation of the durational parameters in the jazz standard ‘Unit Seven’ by Sam Jones, as performed by the Wes Montgomery Quartet (Verve 823 448-2, 1984). This piece was chosen for two basic reasons. First, its position as mainstream jazz allows an assessment of the rhythmic operation in a highly kinetic genre. Second, it includes a section in binary metre which provides different metric contexts in the same piece, therefore broadening the spectrum of the analysis. The consistent use of particular rhythmic constructions supports the arguments concerning the importance of the durational parameters in the kinetic quality and structural definition of a piece, while the assessment of the ongoing dialogue between pitch and durational parameters demonstrates the importance of the durational structure of music.
John Coltrane
Authors: Whyton Tony , Tackley Catherine , Cotro Vincent
Published: March 2015

Welcome to the first of two special issues of the Jazz Research Journal focusing on the music and legacy of John Coltrane. 2007 witnessed several publications and events that commemorated the 40th anniversary of Coltrane’s death, each in their own way designed to examine the impact and influence of this iconic artist on jazz past and present.1 Today, the impact of Coltrane’s life and music can still be seen across literature, visual arts and performance, and a sizeable body of published work offers insights into the artist’s music, spirituality, politics and cultural influence. It is within this context that we felt that a themed issue would not only be timely, capturing some of the most recent insights into Coltrane’s music, but also of significant interest to our multi disciplinaryreadership. Featured articles in this issue were originally presented at the Colloque International John Coltrane, University of Tours, in November 2007. Following the event, the conference organizer and musicologist Vincent Cotro contacted the Jazz Research Journal to discuss the possibility of featuring papers which had been presented during the two-day event. Subsequently, several researchers were invited to expand their work and submit articles to the Jazz Research Journal for peer review. As Cotro states below, research sessions and panel discussions raised a number of critical issues that exceeded the initial boundaries of the colloquium. Contributors therefore had the opportunity to draw on the broader outcomes of the event in developing their work for publication. As a point of departure for our readers, Cotro has written the following contextual outline of the Colloque International John Coltrane alongside an introduction to the contributions to this issue.
John Coltrane
Authors: Liebman David
Published: March 2015

This article was prepared by Peter Elsdon, with editorial assistance from Sarina Velt. This article is a transcription of the address given by saxophonist David Liebman at the International Coltrane Colloquium in Tours, France, November 2007. While it has been edited for publication, we have tried to stay as true to the spirit of Liebman’s remarks as possible. Liebman’s perspective is that of a musician growing up during the time at which Coltrane was at his creative peak. His memories of watching the Coltrane quartet play live attests to the transformative power these performances had on many young musicians around this time. Liebman also gives an insight into the conditions in which the Coltrane quartet worked, and his comments on the clubs in which the group performed (which by extension serve as a commentary on the working conditions for professional jazz musicians around this time) are particularly interesting. This emphasis on the economic realities experienced by working jazz musicians at this time serves as a useful counterbalance to the tendency in commentary on Coltrane to elevate his performances to the status of the otherworldly. Liebman also reflects on dealing with the legacy of Coltrane in his own playing, through comments which illuminate the sometimes overbearing influence forebears can exert over musicians seeking to forge their own paths.
Attaining unity
Authors: Medwin Marc
Published: March 2015

John Coltrane’s final works have been ignored and reviled, but there have been only a few enthusiasts seeking to find order in the challenging compositions Coltrane recorded between June of 1965 and April of 1967. In the present study, I demonstrate that Coltrane’s life-long interest in unity gave rise to the final works, which he acknowledged publicly to be “music of the individual contributor” and labeled “Classical music.” I show that, through musical self-reference and self-quotation, Coltrane recontextualized his entire oeuvre during his final two years, bringing his musical biography to bear on a compositional aesthetic outside of that associated with jazz. Furthermore, by giving many of his pieces geographical and “universal” titles, he renders his art a mirror in which the journey from racial and sociopolitical struggle to affirmation is reflected.
Review article: I. Anderson, 'This Is Our Music: Free Jazz, the Sixties, and American Culture, S.Saul, Freedom Is, Freedom Ain’t: Jazz and the Making of the Sixties', I. Monson, 'Freedom Sounds: Civil Rights Call Out to Jazz and Africa'
Authors: Hersch Charles
Published: March 2015

Iain Anderson, This Is Our Music: Free Jazz, the Sixties, and American Culture. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007. Scott Saul, Freedom Is, Freedom Ain’t: Jazz and the Making of the Sixties. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2003. Ingrid Monson, Freedom Sounds: Civil Rights Call Out to Jazz and Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Spectatorial Situation in Masonic Self-Construction
Authors: Kalisch Eleonore , Franz Michael
Published: March 2015

Masonic ethics is codified in a double sense: by a framework of behavioural value qualities and by the mytho-poetical history that has constructed a closed world of signs imbued with imaginary power. This imaginary power is also a signal power and is discharged in the spectatorial event of the ritual. And this is precisely what we want to make clear: it only makes sense to talk about cultural performance if the performance is seen as an expressive occurrence in which a direct or indirect reference to spectators is inherent. Performance without reference to spectators becomes indistinguishable from the execution of any kind of operation.
Between universal values and national ties
Authors: Berger Joachim
Published: March 2015

How did (Western) European freemasonries on a transnational level came to terms with the idea of a closer union of the European peoples? Concepts of “Europe” and “Europeanness” were the background music of the formation of masonic pan-European networks, building on transnational encounters either by individual freemasons (in the Ligue internationale de francs-maçons or at the international masonic manifestations for peace) or by Grand Lodge representatives (at “universal” congresses or via the Bureau international de relations maçonniques and the Association maçonnique internationale). Like all masonic relations, these transnational movements suffered from schisms on religious obligations and political commitments of the lodges. Generally, masonic discourse on a transnational level was characterized by a tension between geographically and politically confined ideas of “Europe” on the one hand and the general ideal of humanitarianism and universal brotherhood on the other.
HEIDLE, Alexandra, Jan A.M. Snoek (eds), Women’s Agency and Rituals in Mixed and Female Masonic Orders (Boston, MA: Brill, 2008), p. 263 xvi + 450 pp.; €145/$129 Hbk; ISBN: 978 90 04 17239 5.
Authors: Jacob Margaret C.
Published: March 2015

Reviewed by: Margaret C. Jacob, Department of History, 6260 Bunche Hall, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095­1473, USA. Email: mjacob@history.ucla.edu
LOMAS, Robert, The Invisible College (London: Corgi, Transworld Publishers, 2009, 1st edn 2002), 494 pp., £7.99, Pbk, ISBN: 978-0-552-15837-4
Authors: Hausz Frigyes
Published: March 2015

Reviewed by: Frigyes Hausz, doctoral candidate at the Institute of English and American Studies, University of Szeged, H­6722, szeged, Egyetem u. 2. Hungary. Email: frigyes.hausz@gmail.com
Paths to Masonry Today
Authors: Kenney J. Scott
Published: March 2015

Despite increased academic attention to freemasonry, the predominant historical focus means relatively little attention has been paid to its meaning for contemporary members. In this paper I empirically reverse this focus. Drawing upon qualitative interviews, film footage, and observation of freemasons in two Canadian provinces, I outline six interactional elements that lead up to a person’s decision to become a freemason. These include: (1) predisposing factors in one’s social background; (2) the dramaturgical interplay between secrecy/mystery and curiosity; (3) organized/organizing encounters; (4) attractive/attracting aspects; (5) unattractive factors/hurdles to get over; and (6) strategies employed to overcome such hurdles. While one or another element may be emphasized to a greater or lesser extent in specific cases, they occurred with sufficient regularity to shed light on the significant question of attracting new members to the craft in the opening decades of the twenty-first century.
Relations Between the Grand Lodges of England and Sweden During the Long Eighteenth Century
Authors: Prescott Andrew
Published: March 2015

This article is a study of two key moments in the relationship between the Grand Lodges in England and Sweden during the long eighteenth century. Both episodes illustrate how freemasonry reflected wider power and political relations between the two countries. Following the Treaty of Paris in 1763, Sweden became an important diplomatic forum for Britain, particularly in order to cultivate Russia. Sir John Goodricke’s mission to Sweden was accompanied by a vigorous attempt to establish freemasonry under the English Grand Lodge there and to drive out French freemasonry. These attempts collapsed, but many Swedes visiting England joined masonic lodges there. It is argued that concerns among elite Swedish masons at the way in which English lodges were recruiting lower class Swedes was an important factor in Swedish interest in the Union of the English Grand Lodges in 1813.
‘Aux Mânes d’un F[rère] qui fut Roi’
Authors: Vergauwen David
Published: March 2015

When King Leopold I of the Belgians died on 10 December 1865, freemasons in Brussels were quick to organize an elaborate lodge of sorrow for their mason king (le Roi maçon). This lodge of sorrow included a masonic cantata, written for orchestra, choir and soloists by Karel Lodewijk Hanssens (1825–71), one of the city’s leading composers. This cantata, long thought to have been lost, was recently recovered from a collection of manuscripts of the Royal Music Conservatory in Brussels. This essay aims to explain why the freemasons thought such a cantata was in order and why Hanssens was willing to accept the commission. It also seeks to elaborate on the relationship between the masonic ritual and its music and will conclude by explaining the failure of this ritual, which resulted in the cantata being shelved and forgotten.
Authority or Auxiliary?
Authors: Newell Aimee E.
Published: March 2015

Miss Rose Lipp, a female manufacturer and dealer in ‘Masonic Supplies’, maintained her Boston business for over 30 years and was recognized as an authority on masonic regalia, providing the aprons, jewels and uniforms essential to masonic meetings and rituals. This paper employs examples of Lipp’s regalia together with her advertisements and notices in local masonic magazines to explore the role she played in the fraternity. Her experience offers a new perspective on the relationship of women to freemasonry in Boston. Her apparent acceptance by Boston’s freemasons stretches our understanding of the experience of female entrepreneurs during the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. Lipp pursued a female occupation—that of producing clothing—for a male audience. In this era, when women’s roles were changing, as they entered the American business world in greater numbers than ever before, Rose Lipp—as a woman and a business owner—offers a model to explore how women navigated male worlds—public, private and masonic.
Robin Hood and Her Merry Women
Authors: Pink Andrew
Published: March 2015

The Brothers and Sisters of the Honourable Community of Modern Masons are a hitherto unnoticed eighteenth-century mixed-gender, para-masonic society. The surviving evidence of their activities is found in announcements of meetings in the London newspapers: details of benefit performances that the lodge sponsored in London theatres; an engraving of a meeting; and the lodge’s song. While the location of these Modern Masons, based in a minor pleasure garden in semi-rural Clerkenwell, suggests that this was a minor local London phenomenon, the evidence suggests a much more significant group, active in support for the political ambitions of Frederick Prince of Wales.
Report of the Doctoral Students Study Day, 2013, Belgisch Museum van de Vrijmetselarij
Authors: Pink Andrew
Published: March 2015

This report provides an overview of the second international doctoral students Study Day on freemasonry, detailing the presentations of promising PhD projects currently being undertaken. The subjects covered are: freemasonry in eighteenth-century India, and nineteenth-century Mauritius; the notion of secrecy among freemasons in twentieth-century Britain; musicology and nineteenth-century freemasonry, the complex rhetoric of Dudley Wright (1868–1949); the masonic life and times of Hippolyto Joseph Da Costa (1772–1823). Those presenting papers represent a cross-section of the doctoral experience, from just beginning the doctoral journey to having just completed it. The range of material discussed demonstrates the richness and vitality of the subject.
Sister with Fifty-Thousand Brothers
Authors: Pink Andrew , Chaumont Olivia
Published: March 2015

Since 1992, Parisian architect and town planner Olivier Chaumont had belonged to the Grand Orient of France, then an exclusively male masonic order. Following a sex change in the mid-2000s and now legally a woman known as Olivia, her lodge willingly accepted this new identity. The brother became a sister, and in so doing helped precipitate the opening up of the Grand Orient to women. This momentous episode in France’s masonic history is captured here in an autobiographical essay written specially for the 2013 themed, double-issue of Journal for Research into Freemasonry and Fraternalism: ‘Women and Freemasonry’.
Pentecostal Mission through Contextualization
Authors: Lord Andy
Published: March 2015

Pentecostalism is known as a movement which emphasizes evangelism through which it has grown around the world. It is less appreciated that the movement has a strong contextual desire to engage with different social settings. This article argues that Pentecostal growth occurs through a mix of translation and synthetic models of contextualization. Further, it suggests a pentecostal contribution to thinking on contextualization through the theme of hospitality and a study of two key passages in the book of Acts. Hence the article contributes something to both mission and Pentecostal studies, providing foundations for further study and growth.
Missing Links
Authors: Miskov Jennifer
Published: March 2015

Phoebe Palmer’s influence on women in ministry and the significant role she played in the Holiness movement helped prepare the way for Carrie Judd Montgomery. The impact of Palmer’s theology of sanctification on Montgomery’s theology of healing is one way of illustrating how Montgomery drew upon her theology and advanced it into the American Divine Healing and Pentecostal movements. This article demonstrates how Montgomery stands out as one of the most significant female healing evangelists to take Holiness themes into Pentecostalism.
Spirit, Speech and Language
Authors: Emerick Chris
Published: March 2015

The following is a work of philosophical pneumatology that posits the Spirit as the precondition for human speech. Because God created with the Word and Spirit-Breath, all things are infused with the presence of the Spirit as language. The essential linguisticality of human existence signals a deep presence of the Spirit in all things. This helps theology to reconfigure transcendence as immanentally expressed in a Spirited incarnation in language and speech.
Sons and Daughters, Young and Old
Authors: Yong Amos
Published: March 2015

Do Pentecostals have anything distinctive to contribute to Christian discussions on theology of the family or theology of children? After a brief survey of the literature, we will explore the possibility of developing a Pentecostal theology of the family from out of the Day of Pentecost narrative and the Luke-Acts “canon-within-the-canon” – both of which have long been central to Pentecostal spirituality and its theological imagination. Central to such a Lukan and Pentecostal consideration will be the family as an eschatological sign of the coming reign of God. The concluding section will return to sketch trajectories for a pentecostal theology of family in the twenty-first century with implications for a theology of parenting, for filial and sibling relationships, and for thinking about the intergenerational family, all in eschatological perspective.
The Pentecostal Church as a family
Authors: Frei Daniel
Published: March 2015

Classical Chilean Pentecostalism shows characteristics that are based on traditional Latin American family values. This article starts with an overview of Pentecostalism and the concept of family in Latin America in general and especially in Chile. Then the analysis concentrates on the Iglesia Evangélica Pentecostal de Chile (IEP) which is one of the oldest and largest Pentecostal churches. It goes back to Pastor Willis Hoover, founder of the Pentecostal Movement in Chile after the revival in Valparaíso in 1909. In this article results of field research in the IEP present parallels between socialization in the family and the church.
Exemplars of Godly Justice
Authors: Alexander Paul , Welsh Robert
Published: March 2015

In this paper we describe an interdisciplinary research project that considers the experience and expression of Godly love in Pentecostal and Charismatic exemplars doing peace and justice work in dangerous contexts. The subject of interest is a unique sample of Pentecostal and Charismatic peace and justice workers who tolerate risk and danger so that others may experience greater well being. This theological–psychological study yields insight into ways that perceived encounters with God’s love influence and sustain the risk-taking and transformative ethics of people engaged in social action. Christomorphic (transformed/influenced by Jesus) pneumatology (the work of the Spirit) provides a theo-ethical framework for our study of these peacemakers and justice-seekers who risk their health and lives for others as they consider themselves influenced by their experience, influenced by Jesus and empowered by the Spirit.
Johan Thiessen and Margaretha Alt and the Birth of Pentecostalism in Indonesia
Authors: Van der Laan Cornelius
Published: March 2015

The focus of this paper is on the contribution of Dutch Pentecostal missionaries to the rise of Pentecostalism in Indonesia, then called the Dutch East Indies. The Pentecostal and Charismatic movements have become a major stream within Christianity in Indonesia. Up to now no comprehensive and analytical study of the history of these movements has been published. A number of these groups have occasionally issued uncritical descriptions of their denominational history, with little theological and historical analysis. The attention the Pentecostals and Charismatics have received in the more academic works on Christianity in Indonesia is not in proportion to their significance. In all of these publications little credit is given to the role the early Dutch Pentecostal movement played. This paper will present two founding parents: Johan Thiessen and Margaretha Alt.
Marjoe Gortner, Imposter Revivalist
Authors: Cooper Travis
Published: March 2015

Revivalism is a hallmark of pentecostal history in North America. This study analyzes the infamous case of evangelist Marjoe Gortner as he carries out a revival tour under the guises of authenticity and sincerity. After providing a brief biographical overview of both the revivalist’s life history and Marjoe, the documentary film, I analyze Marjoe’s roleplaying through Judith Becker’s theoretical application of cognitive theories of being, perception, and embodiment to pentecostal praxis. I argue that the processes of trance, re-entry, and structural coupling implicate Marjoe as more than just an unbelieving instigator of ecstatic religious phenomena. He is caught up in the production of intense effervescent states of social or corporate energy, and himself becomes a vital part of the revival experience. Neurologically, Marjoe experiences cognitive dissonance in terms of self-identity. The learned nature of revival services, furthermore, demonstrates the complexly embodied nature of ecstatic religious rituals.
The New Prime Minister’s Faith
Authors: Haustein Jörg
Published: March 2015

For the first time in Ethiopia’s history, the head of state is not a member of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, but a Protestant. Moreover, Hailemariam Desalegn, who was sworn into the office of the prime minister following Meles Zenawi’s death in the summer of 2012, is a Pentecostal, and more significantly a Oneness Pentecostal, belonging to the Apostolic Church of Ethiopia – a church which in the past has been ostracized by Orthodox, mainline Evangelicals and Pentecostals alike, because of its rejection of the dogma of the Trinity. This recent transition of power thereby highlights an interesting part of Ethiopia’s increasing religious diversity, which to date has hardly been addressed. Briefly sketching the background of Oneness Pentecostalism in the USA, this paper focuses on the history of the Apostolic Church of Ethiopia as well as its present relations to other churches. It also takes a look at Hailemariam’s relationship with his church and discusses possible implications of his ascendency for religious politics in Ethiopia.
Transgression and Acquiescence
Authors: Fantini Emanuele
Published: March 2015

This paper analyses the potential in terms of alternative channels for civic identity, political action and resource control offered in contemporary authoritarian Ethiopia by the constellation of groups and denominations vernacularly labelled as Pente. The analysis aims to describe the moral conflict inherent in the call to Pentecostals to actively engage in public affairs, as well as the plurality of itineraries, imaginaries and practices promoted within the Pente movement in order to solve this moral conflict. These solutions entail elements of both transgression and acquiescence towards the current political regime. The intention is to describe the growing Pente presence in Ethiopian public spaces, stressing how it follows different and alternative strategies, while lacking a coherent political project.
Pentecostalism in a Rural Context
Authors: Freeman Dena
Published: March 2015

Pentecostal Christianity originated as an urban movement in America, and as it spread to Africa it was initially taken up most enthusiastically in towns and capital cities. In Ethiopia the Pentecostal movement largely started in towns, but is increasingly being taken up by rural communities. This paper will explore why rural Ethiopian communities are attracted to Pentecostalism, and how it impacts on their social, cultural and economic practices. In particular, I consider the developmental consequences of Pentecostalism, and how Pentecostal beliefs and practices encourage or block processes of change that are generally termed “development”. As part of this I will explore the theory of development – of what constitutes “good change” – that is implicit in Pentecostal philosophy and that is generally known as “transformational development”. I will show how this notion of change is significantly different to notions of change prevalent in the secular development world in that they emphasize transformations of subjectivity and social relations first, then leading to economic transformation, rather than focusing solely on the economic, as is apparent in the work of many secular development NGOs.
Pentecostal Power
Authors: Brown Candy
Published: March 2015

This article interprets pentecostal divine healing practices as a strategy for mobilizing spiritual power, and as a complement to or replacement for political power. Although sometimes engaging in political activism to remedy the causes and symptoms of social and physical ills, pentecostals often privilege spiritual approaches to addressing ailments that are envisioned as ultimately spiritual in causation, and hence uniquely ameliorated by spiritual means. Divine healing practices—which invoke supernatural power to move the material world—sometimes function as an alternative to political, medical, or economic power. This is particularly the case for many two-thirds-world pentecostals who are relatively poor, uneducated, socially disenfranchised, and predominantly female. Pentecostalism has exhibited exponential growth because many people perceive pentecostal healing practices as embodying divine love and divine power. This article explains the appeal of pentecostalism to politically disempowered individuals and communities, and women in particular, considers both the empowering and oppressive potential of healing practices, and contemplates other possibilities if pentecostals do not offer spiritual avenues to empowerment.
Countering Exorcistic Excess in Russia
Authors: Löfstedt Torsten
Published: March 2015

This study compares statements by Russian Pentecostal and Orthodox leaders about demons, curses and exorcism, and their attempts at allaying people’s fears. In both denominations there are widely differing views about how great a threat demons are and on how one is to be set free from them. The study suggests that two competing metaphors have been used when speaking of freeing people from evil spirits, the medical and the military metaphors. The medical metaphor associates evil spirits and diseases, and connects deliverance from evil spirits with healing in general, while in the military metaphor evil spirits are seen as agents of Satan. Members of the top leadership in both the Russian Orthodox Church and in Russia’s leading Pentecostal denomination (the Russian Church of Christians of the Evangelical Faith) tend toward the medical model of exorcism. They see their exorcistic ministries more as a healing ministry. While they warn their followers about engaging in the occult, they try to downplay the dualism inherent in spiritual warfare language, as it encourages division within the church and may lead to increased fear on the part of the parishioners.
Inventing Pentecostalism
Authors: Suarsana Yan
Published: March 2015

The so-called Mukti Revival at Pandita Ramabai’s mission and orphanage in Kedgaon (India) has recently gained popularity as one of the early birth places of global Pentecostalism. However, as sources imply, at no time has there been a common understanding of what “really” happened at Mukti. In this article I suggest how the emergence of knowledge about an event finally known as Pentecostal awakening led to the= exclusion of other interpretations and narratives of what happened at Mukti. I will examine the role of the two groups of people responsible for the formation of the historical reality of the revival: the authors of the contemporary source material as well as the Pentecostal historians who have finally fixed the story of a Pentecostal Mukti Revival. In conclusion, I will discuss the influence of the colonial context on the making of historical reality as well as the concept of history as a discursive negotiation process.
"Catch the Fire"
Authors: Cartledge Mark
Published: March 2015

This paper revisits the scholarship associated with the so-called Toronto Blessing. Since the revival meetings associated with the Toronto Blessing in the mid 1990s, the church has developed from a single congregation into a network of churches with centres in a number of cities around the world. The network is called “Catch the Fire” and propagates revivalist Pentecostalist spirituality. Leaders from the network have allied themselves with others also advancing revivalism from North America and beyond. This global relational network of churches and ministries is called “Partners in Harvest”. The paper aims to describe and interpret the narrative that is central to this global network of churches and which sustains spiritual identity and global relevance. In particular, it considers the Toronto church as a centre of revivalist spirituality, providing a continued place of centripetal pilgrimage, personal catharsis, as well as centrifugal global mission.
Transforming Renewal through a Charismatic-Catholic Encounter
Authors: Lord Andy
Published: March 2015

Pentecostal-charismatic involvement in the ecumenical movement has grown over the last 50 years and with it the ecumenical focus on the work of the Holy Spirit. As Pentecostals and charismatics have become more positive about ecumenical involvement, others have sensed problems growing within ecumenical discussions with the goal of visible unity moving further away. One way being pioneered in this context is that of “receptive ecumenism” seen as a transformational process of growth enabled by the Holy Spirit. In charismatic terms this is can be seen as a movement that seeks renewal through engagement with other Christian traditions. This article seeks to explore how charismatic renewal might learn from engagement with monastic renewal in the Roman Catholic Tradition. In particular it engages with significant leaders in these traditions: David Watson and Thomas Merton. The question addressed in the paper will be: “What can the charismatic tradition, represented by Watson, appropriately learn with integrity from the Roman Catholic tradition, represented by Merton?” The theme of renewal is a broad one that covers all aspects of existence in the church and world. Yet renewal is rooted in the initiatives of the triune God and there is thus a theological heart that will provide a focus for this article. We will first outline Watson’s understanding of God in renewal and then compare this to that of Merton, so as to see what might be learned. Hence this article seeks to explore the challenges that remain to be explored in the charismatic understanding of renewal through an ecumenical engagement across disciplines of study that are not often brought together.
Were the Jesus People Pentecostals?
Authors: Hunt Stephen
Published: March 2015

This paper considers the nature of the short-lived Jesus People movement and its historical contribution to Christian revivalism by over-viewing the rather fragmented documentation provided by extant surveys, along with further contextual information and evidence provided by more recent sources.
Nigerian Pentecostal Theology in Global Perspective
Authors: Burgess Richard
Published: March 2015

This paper discusses the nature of Nigerian Pentecostal theology and its contributions to intercultural theology, with particular reference to deliverance and success-oriented theologies. It suggests that Nigerian Pentecostal theologies resonate with the search for spiritual power in traditional piety. However, they are elaborated in forms that are consistent with global Pentecostal culture and modern modes of living, and are practical and progressive in orientation.
Reverse Mission
Authors: Freston Paul
Published: March 2015

The text asks five questions regarding reverse mission. First, what is it? Secondly, is it actually being attempted? Thirdly, why “diasporic” attempts lag behind the rhetoric? Fourthly, why do “non-diasporic” attempts, on the other hand, have more chance of success? And lastly, what is the outlook for reverse mission in Europe? The concept of reverse mission is defined and it’s imprecision questioned. Attempts at diasporic reverse mission are then discussed, as well as reasons for their general failure. However, non-diasporic reverse mission, in various modalities, is also widespread. The advantages and disadvantages of this direct mission movement are analyzed, stressing the specific disadvantages that Pentecostals face in Europe. By far the most significant cross-cultural success story by global southern missionaries in Europe is in Ukraine, but there are many reasons for regarding Ukraine as exceptional rather than a foretaste of things to come. The article concludes that reverse mission via diaspora churches (to which disproportionate scholarly attention has been paid) is unlikely to work. Non-diasporic reverse mission (which deserves more research) is more promising, but even so faces huge obstacles and positive results are still few and far between (except in Ukraine). Over time, however, some success may be achieved; possible scenarios for such success in Europe are discussed.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea following Pharyngeal Flap Surgery for Velopharyngeal Insufficiency: A Prospective Polysomnographic and Aerodynamic Study in Middle-Aged Adults
Authors: Campos Letícia Dominguez , Trindade-Suedam Ivy Kiemle , Martins Sampaio-Teixeira Ana Claudia , Yamashita Renata Paciello , Pereira Lauris José Roberto , Lorenzi-Filho Geraldo , Kiemle Trindade Inge Elly
Published: March 2015

Objective

To compare the frequency and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in middle-aged adults who underwent pharyngeal flap surgery for velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) with matched subjects who did not undergo pharyngeal flap surgery and to verify the relationship between OSA severity and internal pharyngeal dimensions.

Setting

National referral care center for cleft lip and palate.

Method

Prospective study on 42 nonsyndromic subjects with repaired cleft palate with flap (F group, n = 22) and without flap (NF group, n = 20), aged 40 to 58 years. The main outcome measure was the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), measured by in-lab nocturnal polysomnography (PSG). The OSA-related symptoms were investigated by Pittsburgh, Epworth, and Berlin questionnaires. The nasopharyngeal or velopharyngeal (NP/VP) cross-sectional area was measured by modified anterior rhinomanometry in subgroups of the F (n = 14) and NF (n = 10) groups at rest and during speech. Differences were considered significant at P < .05.

Results

Questionnaire scores and frequency of self-reported symptoms of snoring, nasal obstruction, and breathing interruptions during sleep did not differ between groups. OSA was diagnosed by PSG in 60% and 77% of the NF and F subjects, respectively. The difference was not significant. No cases of severe OSA were observed. There was no correlation between AHI and NP/VP area.

Conclusion

A significant number of middle-aged adults with repaired cleft palate had OSA and related symptoms, regardless of the presence of a pharyngeal flap. Results suggest that VPI treatment with a flap may not cause sleep-disordered breathing in the cleft population. Besides advancing age, congenital upper airway abnormalities may be involved.
The Nasality Severity Index 2.0: Revision of an Objective Multiparametric Approach to Hypernasality
Authors: Bettens Kim , Van Lierde Kristiane M. , Corthals Paul , Luyten Anke , Wuyts Floris L.
Published: March 2015

Objective

Due to the multidimensional nature of resonance disorders, multivariate diagnostic assessment is advisable. The nasality severity index (NSI) is based on this point of view. Because of the influence of personal and environmental variables on the current NSI, this study aims to refine this index.

Design

Prospective case-control study.

Setting

Tertiary university hospital.

Patients

Forty-two patients with cleft lip and palate and 50 children without resonance disorders were tested.

Interventions

Resonance was investigated by perceptual as well as objective measurements. A Nasometer was used to score nasalance, and spectral speech characteristics of a sustained sound /i:/ were determined, among which the voice low tone to high tone ratio (VLHR). Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the optimal index to discriminate patients from control children. Additionally, the validity of the index was determined based on data from an independent patient and control group.

Results

The NSI 2.0, a weighted linear combination of three variables, can be obtained using the equation NSI 2.0 = 13.20 - (.0824 x nasalance /u:/ [%]) - (.260 x nasalance oral text [%]) - (.242 x VLHR 4.47*F0 [dB]). The NSI has a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 100%. Moreover, it has excellent validity (sensitivity 88%, specificity 89%).

Conclusions

The NSI 2.0 discriminates patients from control children with high sensitivity, specificity, and validity. This multiparametric method can offer a more powerful approach in the assessment and treatment planning of individuals with hypernasality.
Upward Advancement of the Nasolabial Components at Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair Prevents Postoperative Long Lip
Authors: Matsunaga Kazuhide , Sasaguri Masaaki , Mitsuyasu Takeshi , Ohishi Masamichi , Nakamura Norifumi
Published: March 2015

Objective

To prevent the occurrence of postoperative long lip, longitudinal postoperative changes in nasolabial forms of patients with unilateral cleft lip who underwent primary lip repair with or without upward advancement of the nasolabial components were compared.

Patients

Forty-three subjects (24 unilateral cleft lip and palate [UCLP] and 19 unilateral cleft lip solely, and cleft lip and alveolus [UCL/UCLA]) who underwent primary lip repair with upward advancement of the nasolabial components (NA group) and 30 subjects (16 UCLP and 14 UCL/UCLA) without upward advancement (LA group) were enrolled.

Outcome Measures

Postoperative photos taken at 1 and 6 months and at 1, 2, and 3 years were used for measuring the heights of the nasal alar base (NBH), the columellar base (CBH), Cupid's peak (CPH), and the upper lip (ULH). The ratios of these measurements between the affected and unaffected sides were calculated in both groups.

Results

In the LA group, the 3-year postoperative all-items ratios of UCLP were significantly larger than those at 1 month postoperatively, demonstrating drooping of the nasolabial tissues in the affected side (all P < .01). Furthermore, the 3-year postoperative CPH and ULH ratio of UCL/UCLA was significantly larger than that at 1 month postoperatively, demonstrating the long lip ( P < .01). In the NA group, the NBH, CBH, and CPH ratios of both UCLP and UCL/UCLA did not show significant differences between 1 month and 3 years postoperatively.

Conclusion

Upward advancement of the nasolabial components prevents postoperative long lip.
Physical and numerical modelling of dry granular flows under Coriolis conditions
Authors: BRYANT S.K. , TAKE W.A. , BOWMAN E.T. , MILLEN M.D.L.
Published: March 2015

In this paper, quantitative observations of dry granular flows subject to varying magnitude and direction of Coriolis acceleration are presented in order to assess the robustness of the Savage–Hutter shallow water approximation of granular flow for modelling landslides. Nine tests carried out at 70° and 45° slope inclinations are described for cases where no Coriolis acceleration was applied (i.e. tests performed at 1g), and where the Coriolis acceleration acted into or out of the slope (centrifuge tests). Given that the magnitude of the Coriolis term is velocity dependent, each point within a model landslide on the centrifuge experienced a unique time and space-varying magnitude of Coriolis acceleration, altering the flow displacement with time and final deposit characteristics. The resultant behaviour is compared to a depth-averaged flow model based on a frictional rheology. A single set of model parameters was found to be appropriate for all test conditions and directions/magnitudes of Coriolis acceleration, illustrating the robustness of the frictional depth-averaged approach to capture the mobility of dry granular flows, albeit as a ‘Class C' type of prediction. It is noted that the empirically derived basal interface friction was found to be lower than the static interface friction determined by conventional testing, suggesting that new methods are needed for the a priori determination of suitable rheological parameters for high-speed flows.
Dynamic response of flexible square tunnels: centrifuge testing and validation of existing design methodologies
Authors: Tsinidis G. , Pitilakis K. , Madabhushi G. , Heron C.
Published: March 2015

A series of dynamic centrifuge tests were performed on a flexible aluminium square tunnel model embedded in Hostun dry sand. The tests were carried out at the centrifuge facility of the University of Cambridge in order to further improve knowledge regarding the seismic response of rectangular embedded structures and to calibrate currently available design methods. The soil–tunnel system response was recorded with an extensive instrumentation array, comprising miniature accelerometers, pressure cells and position sensors in addition to strain gauges, which recorded the tunnel lining internal forces. Tests were numerically analysed by means of full dynamic time history analysis of the coupled soil–tunnel system. Numerical predictions were compared to the experimental data to validate the effectiveness of the numerical modelling. The interpretation of both experimental and numerical results revealed, among other findings: (a) a rocking response of the model tunnel in addition to racking; (b) residual earth pressures on the tunnel side walls; and (c) residual internal forces after shaking, which are amplified with the tunnel's flexibility. Finally, the calibrated numerical models were used to validate the accuracy of simplified design methods used in engineering practice.
Have Distressed Neighborhoods Recovered? Evidence from the Neighborhood Stabilization Program
Authors: Schuetz Jenny , Spader Jonathan , Cortes Alvaro
Published: March 2015

During the 2007-2009 housing crisis, concentrations of foreclosed and vacant properties created severe blight in many cities and neighborhoods. The federal Neighborhood Stabilization Program (NSP) was established to help mitigate distress in hard-hit areas by funding the rehabilitation or demolition of troubled properties. This paper analyzes housing market changes in areas that received investments during the second round of NSP funding, focusing on seven large urban counties. Grantees used NSP to invest in census tracts with high rates of distressed and vacancy properties, and tracts that had previously received other housing subsidies. The median NSP tract received quite sparse investment, relative to the overall housing stock and the initial levels of distress. Analysis of housing market outcomes indicates the recovery has been uneven across counties and neighborhoods. In a few counties, there is some evidence that NSP2 activity is correlated with improved housing outcomes.