bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical guidance for maintaining oral hygiene in patients under-going chemotherapy or radiation therapy: a scoping review
Authors: Filippi Andreas , Filippi Cornelia , Chan Janine
Published: June 2024

The aim of this scoping review was to identify clinical guidance for maintaining oral hygiene in patients undergoing chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both. Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for articles published between January 2000 and May 2020. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, clinical trials, case series, and expert consensus reports were considered eligible for inclusion. The SIGN Guideline system was used to evaluate the level evidence and the grade of recommendations. A total of 53 studies met the eligibility criteria. The results showed the presence of recommendation for oral care in three domains: management of oral mucositis, prevention and control of radiation caries, and management of xerostomia. However, most of the included studies had low levels of evidence. The review provides recommendations for healthcare professionals caring for patients undergoing chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both, but a standard oral care protocol could not be established owing to a paucity of evidence-based data.
PENYULUHAN SANITASI HYGIENE DAN IDENTIFIKSI PENGAWET PADA MAKANAN YANG DIJAJAKAN OLEH PEDAGANG DI LINGKUNGAN RPTRA PULAU PANGGANG KEPULAUAN SERIBU
Authors: Hardiyati* Iin , Puspitasari Dewi , Setianingsih Endang , Prabowo Janu , Khaeruddin Rizky , Oppusunggu Romiana , Ismawati Sekar
Published: June 2024

Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengedukasi masyarakat tentang pentingnya menjaga kebersihan lingkungan dan melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan, seperti tes gula darah, kolesterol, dan asam urat. Selain itu, kegiatan ini juga melibatkan pengujian makanan ringan yang sering dikonsumsi di Pulau Panggang, Kepulauan Seribu, untuk mendeteksi keberadaan boraks dan formalin. Penyuluhan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran akan pentingnya menjaga kebersihan diri, lingkungan, dan gaya hidup sehat. Media visual seperti poster, brosur, dan video juga digunakan dalam penyuluhan ini. Sebelum dan setelah penyuluhan, 20 responden diminta untuk mengisi kuesioner guna menilai tingkat pengetahuan mereka. Hasil pengisian kuesioner setelah penyuluhan menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam pengetahuan responden, menunjukkan bahwa penyuluhan telah berhasil mencapai tujuannya. Hasil pengujian makanan menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel dinyatakan negatif mengandung formalin dan boraks. Penyuluhan ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik kepada masyarakat tentang pentingnya praktik sanitasi dan gaya hidup sehat dalam mencegah penyakit. Skrining kesehatan juga memberikan informasi penting tentang kondisi kesehatan masyarakat serta memberikan tindak lanjut yang tepat bagi yang memerlukan. Identifikasi boraks dan formalin pada makanan lokal membantu memastikan keamanan pangan bagi masyarakat.
PELATIHAN WHATSAPP BUSINESS BAGI PENGRAJIN GROWOL DI DESA NOMPOREJO KECAMATAN GALUR KULON PROGO
Authors: Adiputra* Andre Kussuma , Puspaningtyas Desty Ervira , Mardika Sari Puspita , Styaningrum Silvia Dewi
Published: June 2024

Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi oleh pengrajin growol di desa Nomporejo adalah rendahnya daya tarik dan nilai jual produk growol, serta terbatasnya jangkauan pemasaran. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (abdimas) dengan fokus pada pelatihan pengemasan, pelabelan, dan penggunaan WhatsApp Business untuk pemasaran. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini melibatkan beberapa langkah strategis. Pertama, diberikan pelatihan mengenai teknik pengemasan dan pelabelan yang menarik, dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan daya tarik visual dan persepsi nilai produk growol. Kedua, dilakukan pelatihan penggunaan WhatsApp Business, yang dirancang untuk memperluas jangkauan pasar dan meningkatkan penjualan growol melalui platform digital yang mudah diakses dan digunakan oleh para pengrajin. Hasil dari kegiatan abdimas menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam berbagai aspek. Pengemasan dan pelabelan yang lebih baik berhasil meningkatkan daya tarik dan nilai jual produk growol, membuatnya lebih kompetitif di pasar. Selain itu, penggunaan WhatsApp Business terbukti efektif dalam memperluas jangkauan pemasaran, meningkatkan visibilitas produk, dan akhirnya meningkatkan penjualan. Respon positif dari pengrajin growol di desa Nomporejo menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan ini tidak hanya relevan tetapi juga diapresiasi oleh komunitas lokal. Kesimpulannya, kegiatan abdimas ini berhasil mencapai tujuannya. Peningkatan daya tarik dan nilai jual growol melalui pengemasan dan pelabelan yang lebih baik, serta perluasan jangkauan pemasaran dengan WhatsApp Business, telah memberikan dampak positif terhadap penjualan dan penerimaan produk di pasar. Pelatihan ini mendapat respon yang baik dari para pengrajin, menunjukkan keberhasilan program dalam memberdayakan komunitas lokal dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan mereka melalui peningkatan keterampilan pemasaran dan pengemasan produk.
PROGRAM PELATIHAN KELAYAKAN USAHA PADA BADAN USAHA MILIK KALURAHAN (BUMKal) AGUNG SEJAHTERA GEDONGAN SUMBERAGUNG MOYUDAN SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Sujarweni* V. Wiratna , Poly Endrayanto Eko Christmawan  , Bontong Yuniati
Published: June 2024

BUMKal Agung Sejahtera yang salah satu unit usahanya adalah perikanan, melimpahnya hasil ikan nila akan dibuat produk frosen. Paket wisata air juga akan dikembangkan. Permasalahannya pengurus membutuhkan pengetahuan tentang kelayakan usaha yang akan dibangun serta pemasarannya.   Pengabdi melatih pengurus dan anggota BUMKal untuk menghitung kelayakan usaha yang akan dibuka serta memberikan pelatihan pemasaran baik online maupun offline.. Kemudian melakukan pendampingan dan memonitor seminggu sekali, agar tercapai target penjualan untuk kemakmuran dan kensejahterakan warga Desa Gedongan Sumberagung.
PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN BAHAYA STUNTING PADA ANAK DI RPTRA TANJUNG ELANG BERSERI PULAU PRAMUKA
Authors: Fitri* Dewi Rahma , Wijaya Deden Sukma , Melati Rima , Shinta Ike , Misruni Fitri , Widad A Rafa , Oktaviana Milenia T.
Published: June 2024

Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) merupakan bentuk pengabdian mahasiswa terhadap masyarakat dan juga salah satu bagian dari Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. Sosialisasi ini untuk memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat setempat tentang stunting, kegiatan ini membahas apa itu stunting, karakteristiknya, proses terjadinya, penyebabnya, efeknya, dan cara pencegahannya. Pada kegiatan penyuluhan di hadiri oleh 21 peserta dan tiga orang pengurus RPTRA Tanjung Elang Berseri Pulau Pramuka. Dari kuisioner di peroleh hasil tingkat pengetahuan peserta tentang bahaya stunting sebelum di lakukannya penyuluhan hanya 50%, dan setelah di lakukan penyuluhan mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan peserta menjadi 85%. Hasil menunjukan bahwa di daerah Pulau Pramuka Kepulauan Seribu sebagian besar sudah memahami bahaya dan dampak dari stunting pada anak, namun karena keterbatasan sumber makanan yang membuat masyarakat menagabaikan bahaya stunting. Untuk itu kami selaku mahasiswa KKN melanjutkan dengan melakukan penyuluahan menegenai manfaat biota laut yang ada di kepulauan seribu sebagai langkah efektif pencegahan stunting.
Proximate Composition, Phytochemical Profile and Antimicrobial Activity of Andrographis paniculata Ethanolic Leaf Extract and its Preservatives Effect in Bread
Authors: Okema Nyambi Okongoh , Effiong Bartholomew Nyong
Published: June 2024

A study on the phytochemical profile, proximate composition, and antimicrobial activity of Andrographis paniculata leaf extract was carried out. The extract (300g) was obtained by extraction in ethanol at 400ml and was evaluated for antimicrobial activity for seven (7) weeks against fifteen (15) microbial species by determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) based on the mean diameter zone of inhibition around the disc in millimeters. The ethanolic extract was analyzed for quantitative and qualitative composition of phytochemical profiling. The qualitative screening showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, terpenes, and glycosides while saponins and anthraquinones were not detected. The quantitative composition of the extract was; alkaloids (1.17±0.19), terpenes (11.48±0.36), tannins (4.73±0.13), flavonoids (0.73±0.00), cardiac glycosides (0.50±0.05) and glycosides (89.48±0.73). The proximate composition showed that carbohydrates and proteins were the most abundant followed by crude fiber and moisture content. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was tested against, Pseudomonas sp, Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus sp, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus sp, Enterobacter sp, Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces sp, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus sp, Citrobacter sp, Rhizopus sp, Mucor sp, Candida sp and Fusarium sp through the measurement of zone of inhibition, the extract exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria under investigation with diameter of inhibition greater than 1 mm. A similar observation was recorded for the fungi species. The study has demonstrated that Andrographis paniculata leaf extract exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against some selected food spoilage organisms and in bread.
Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran STAD Dengan Menggunakan Metode Gambar Pada Pembelajaran Interaktif Dapat Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa
Authors: Jasni Elti
Published: June 2024

Peningkatan hasil belajar IPA (Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam) di kalangan siswa kelas VIII merupakan sebuah tantangan yang terus dihadapi dalam dunia pendidikan. Pembelajaran yang efektif memerlukan pendekatan yang tepat, khususnya yang mampu mempertimbangkan karakteristik siswa pada tahap perkembangan ini. Dalam konteks ini, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi penggunaan metode pembelajaran kooperatif NHT (Numbered Heads Together) dengan pendekatan CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan penguasaan konsep-konsep IPA pada siswa kelas VIII. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang melibatkan satu kelas VIII di sebuah sekolah menengah. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, tes, dan kuesioner. Pembelajaran diarahkan untuk mengaitkan konsep-konsep IPA dengan konteks kehidupan nyata siswa, dengan menggunakan pendekatan CTL, serta menerapkan aktivitas kooperatif NHT untuk meningkatkan interaksi dan partisipasi siswa dalam pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan dalam pemahaman dan penguasaan konsep-konsep IPA pada siswa setelah menerapkan metode pembelajaran ini. Siswa menunjukkan tingkat motivasi yang lebih tinggi dan kemampuan berkolaborasi yang lebih baik dalam proses pembelajaran. Selain itu, siswa juga menunjukkan penerapan konsep-konsep IPA dalam situasi kontekstual, menunjukkan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam.
DATA CARTOGRAPHY BASED AUGMENTATION TECHNIQUES FOR STANCE DETECTION
Authors:   Quant Risk Analyst at London Stock Exchange Group, MUSAT Bianca-Ștefania , CARAGEA Cornelia ,   Department of Computer Science at the University of Illinois at Chicago, USA,   Kansas State University, USA, HRISTEA Florentina ,   Department of Computer Science, University of Bucharest
Published: June 2024

Stance detection is the task of determining whether the information conveyed in a text is against, neutral, or in favor of a particular target. Since there is a plethora of targets upon which one can adopt a position, one common challenge of the stance detection task is the scarcity of annotations. Conversely, the emphasis on data quantity frequently entails a compromise in terms of the quality of the data. To address both challenges, we propose two data augmentation techniques that leverage training dynamics – the model behavior on individual instances during training – to identify and combine data instances with properties that differ, triggering, for example, the improvement of the generalization capabilities of the model or the enhancement of its optimization process. The first data augmentation method uses training dynamics to generate additional virtual samples during model training by interpolating existing annotated samples with characteristics that differ. The second data annotation approach is defined as a conditional masked language modeling task that generates additional samples by predicting the masked words of the input sentence, conditioned not only on its context but also on an auxiliary sentence sampled based on its characteristics. We empirically validated that fine-tuning a pre-trained language model on a subset of the training data, such that the instances that harm the training process are excluded, achieves better performance as compared to the same model fine-tuned on the entire training dataset. Moreover, in most cases, the performance of the existing augmentation approaches was also improved by using data with properties that differ during the annotation process, as opposed to random sampling.
Review of After War: The Political Economy of Exporting Democracy by Christopher Coyne
Authors: Mokoro Brian
Published: June 2024

West Germany, Japan, Somalia, Haiti, Afghanistan and Iraq. What do these six countries have in common? Each of these countries has been the site of a U.S. led postwar military occupation and reconstruction. At various points in the past century, the United States has endeavored to export liberal democracy to nations abroad. While some of these reconstructions have succeeded – West Germany and Japan are clear success stories – others, like Somalia, have failed miserably. The outcomes of other endeavors, specifically Iraq and Afghanistan, are still undetermined. When looking at the various outcomes in these countries, an important question arises: What factors contribute to successful installation of liberal democracy; and conversely, what factors doom reconstruction to failure?
Entrepreneurship, Externalities and Development
Authors: Glăvan Bogdan
Published: June 2024

The information externality in entrepreneurship theory argues that the social benefits arising from entrepreneurial actions are greater than the private gains. Entrepreneurs who discover profit opportunities signal to other entrepreneurs efficient path of investments, and the latter can imitate the former acting upon this information. Market failure to internalize this information externality creates a useful role for the state, which can provide adequate incentives by subsidizing investment in new projects. We criticize this theory by pointing out that it is both irrelevant and inconsistent. An inadequate view of entrepreneurship is responsible for most of these weaknesses.
Analisis Fenomena Budaya Konsumerisme Fastfood Bagi Kalangan Generasi Z
Authors: Fiky Binti Zakiyah  , Madia Mutiara Andini  , Lyca Shelya Dewi
Published: June 2024

Consumerism culture is generally defined as a mindset and lifestyle that emphasizes the consumption of goods and services as the main way to achieve satisfaction, identity, and social status. The phenomenon of consumption culture encompasses various aspects that reflect how the consumption of goods and services affects the lives of individuals and society as a whole. In this study, analyze and explore the factors of consumerism that drive the popularity of fast food among Generation Z, such as ease of access, social media influence, digital marketing strategies. The results showed that Generation Z considers fast food as a practical and economical option, and is influenced by trends or promoted virally by influencers and advertisements on digital platforms. So the results show that Generation Z tends to have consumption patterns that are driven by the need for identity and self-expression, and influenced by social media trends and influencers. This research uses qualitative methods with a phenomological approach. Which data collection techniques taken by this study by observation, interviews, and documentation.
Is the Caudate, Putamen, and Globus Pallidus the Delusional Disorder's Trio? A Texture Analysis Study
Authors: Baykara Murat , Baykara Sema
Published: June 2024

Background: The neurobiological basis of delusional disorder is less explored through neuroimaging techniques than in other psychotic disorders. This study aims to provide information about the neural origins of delusional disorder (DD) by examining the neuroanatomical features of some basal nuclei with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) texture analysis.
Materials and Methods: Twenty DD patients and 20 healthy individuals were included in the study. Globus pallidus, putamen, and caudate nuclei were selected individually with a region of interest (ROI) on the axial MRI images. The entire texture analysis algorithm applied to all selected ROIs was done with an in-house software. Nuclei on both sides were taken as separate samples.
Results: There were no significant differences between groups in terms of age and gender. The average “mean, median and maximum” values of all three nuclei were decreased in DD patients. The small putamen area and the differences detected in different tissue parameters for all three nuclei in delusional disorder patients indicate that they differ in delusional disorder from normal controls (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The differences detected in the texture parameters for all three nuclei indicate that there is something different in the DD from in the normal controls. Neuroimaging studies with larger samples and different techniques in the future may shed light on the etiology of delusional disorder.
Genetic Causal Associations between Various Serum Minerals and Risk of Depression: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wang Yuan , Liu Lini , Yang Dong
Published: June 2024

Background: Previous observational studies have discovered a connection between depression and mineral status. Confirming this potential connection is challenging due to confounding factors and potential reverse causality which is inherent in observational studies.
Materials and Methods: We performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to estimate the causal association of serum minerals with depression. Leveraging summary-level data on depression, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was applied. The data on serum minerals were collected from the FinnGen Biobank database. MR assessments representing causality were produced by inverse-variance weighted approaches with multiplicative random and fixed effects.
Result: Sensitivity analyses were performed to validate the reliability of the results. A noteworthy correlation emerged between serum zinc levels and reduced risk of depression. An odds ratio (OR) of 0.917 for depression associated with a one standard deviation increase in serum zinc levels (OR = 0.968; 95% CI = 0.953–0.984, p = 1.19 × 10-4, random effects model inverse variance weighted (IVW)); (OR = 0.928; 95% CI = 0.634–1.358, p = 0.766, MR Egger). Sensitivity assessments supported this causation. However, the risk of depression did not exhibit an association with other minerals.
Conclusions: In summary, a higher zinc concentration is causally associated with a reduced depression risk. This MR outcome may assist clinicians in the regulation of specific mineral intake, particularly for high-risk patients with serum zinc deficiencies.
Assessment of Small and Medium Size Enterprise (SME) Environment in Lebanon
Authors:   , Hagopian Alexan Edgar
Published: June 2024

While SME or Small and Medium Size Enterprises is a widespread term echoed assertively in globalized and highly integrated world economies as a catalyst for real and rapid economic transformation, it remains of limited echo in the Lebanese economy even though much of Lebanon's businesses are SMEs. The underlying study aims at assessing the fundamental and environmental foundation upon which the Lebanese SMEs rest with the aim arriving at recommendations that would create a favorable environment for SMEs in Lebanon. In such an attempt, this project aims to define SMEs in Lebanon, to conduct an exploratory research at the micro- and macro-environmental levels, to highlight environmental obstacles, and to raise recommendations for developing a more enabling environment for these SMEs. After arriving at an appropriate definition of the SMEs in Lebanon as business enterprises with workforce sizes not exceeding forty employees, the study reviews the Lebanese macroeconomic environment embodying the SMEs along with the legal and financial frameworks within which these SMEs operate to highlight a set of descriptive hypotheses revolving around the influential factors on the employment decisions, the business investment decisions, the registration patterns, the past performance, and the future expectations. In addition and in light of the data gathered from the field survey of fifty four SMEs, the research examines the possibility of a relationship between these decisions on one hand and the demographics - gender, age, educational background, experience - of the SME owners, and location, size, sector, date and manner of establishment, and legal status or business type of the SME, on the other hand. At the end, recommendations to develop an enabling environment for the Lebanese SMEs are briefly presented based on the observations noted throughout this preliminary research.
An Assessment of the Airline Industry in Lebanon's Uncertain Environment
Authors:   , Kouatly Tamador Dallal
Published: June 2024

This research aims at examining the macro environment of the airline industry at a global, regional and domestic level to identify relevant driving forces outside a company's boundaries bearing on strategic decisions an airline company ultimately makes. It will also observe the impact of different political and security events pertaining to Lebanon on traffic & sales variations and analyze current competitive environment of airlines, with a special focus on market attractiveness to foreign carriers considering the relevant external forces. It aspires to cover the subject from a strategic management perspective.
Consumer Motivation When Shopping at Malls: Case of Lebanese Consumer
Authors:   , El Chafei Oussama
Published: June 2024

The study is about consumer motives when shopping at malls. It presents a brief summary of what researchers, psychologists and academicians have done regarding classifying shoppers in general and mall shoppers in particular according to their behavior, motives and satisfactions. The study summarizes the evolution of the marketing concepts, motivation theories, emergence of malls and goes into differentiating mall shoppers' experience and motives into hedonic motives and utilitarian motives. Using already established and tested items for hedonism and for utilitarianism, the study test these items on 770 active shoppers in City Mall, Beirut, Lebanon. The study presents the effect of demographic factors on the motives of mall shopping. It studies the effect of mall visits and mall spending on these motives. The study presents active shoppers' appraisal of specific areas at City Mall and calls for improvement. This study is very important to mall administrators and mall developers as it reflects the profile of active shoppers with their spending patterns and their number of small visits.
Indonesia's Response to Australia's Wiretapping of Several Important People in Indonesia in 2013
Authors: Khandalawi Muhammad Zakariya , Maulana M. Iqbal , Madaniyah Anisa Sartika , Wikan T Bagas , Sophianandita Diandra Putri
Published: June 2024

The bilateral relationship between Indonesia and Australia has often experienced ups and downs, including a number of conflicts that have strained relations between the two countries, especially during the administration of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. During the era of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, incidents of espionage received significant media attention when Edward Snowden revealed the identities of several Indonesian officials who were the targets of SIGINT wiretapping operations in Asia, especially in Australia. President SBY (Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono) at that time lost his composure after learning that his cellphone was tapped by the Australian Intelligence Agency. The news of the case conducted by the Australian state against several officials in Indonesia raises the question of how Indonesia is responding to the case. There are concerns about Indonesia's basis for handling these cases, given that news of Australia's prosecution of prominent Indonesian figures was reported in 2013 by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, the President of the Republic of Indonesia. Indonesia took several steps in response to the wiretapping. Firstly, Indonesia requested official clarification and clarity from Australia, and secondly, the Indonesian government protested by suspending and rethinking a number of bilateral agreements with Australia for a while until there was a clear response and confidence that there would be no wiretapping of state interests. Although Indonesia showed disappointment regarding the wiretapping action carried out by Australia and Indonesia as the party that decided a number of collaborations, Indonesia first contacted Australia after the disclosure of this case
On the Innovative World of Care: Unveiling the Lived Experiences of Nurses in Using an Electronic Health Information System
Authors: Bingil Jayson
Published: June 2024

As healthcare systems worldwide continue to undergo digital transformation, the integration of health informatics has become pivotal in enhancing patient care, communication, and overall healthcare efficiency. The purpose of this descriptive phenomenological study was to explore and understand the experiences of staff nurses using an electronic health information system. A purposive sample of 14 senior nurses were interviewed. Using Collaizzi (1978) phenomenological method, rigor was established through application of verification, validation, and validity. From 205 significant statements, 15 cluster themes emerged. The experiences of staff nurses in employing the electronic information system included struggles during the initial encounter with the new electronic health information system, working with IT support, workflow disruption, issues regarding limited devices and internet connection, need for training, and having staff pay for errors committed. Their means of coping with the challenges of their experiences focused on recognizing workflow efficiency as perceived benefit, changes in the protocol for improvement, support from superiors and hospital management, as well as collaboration and coordination with others. The insights that staff nurses wanted to share with their peers and the nursing practice in general were personal alignment and resilience, upgrading the system, enhancing staff competency, and meeting workforce demands. Nurses adapting to a new electronic health information system echo wider healthcare's digital hurdles. Let's learn from their struggles and resilience to prioritize user-friendly designs, accessible technology, and robust training. This empowers and supports our essential nurses, paving the way for successful health informatics.
ENTRADA Y REGISTRO EN DOMICILIO Y EDIFICIOS DE ORGANISMOS OFICIALES CONFORME LA LEY DE SEGURIDAD CIUDADANA
Authors: Sánchez Gómez Raúl
Published: June 2024

Pocas materias son más importantes para garantizar la defensa del ejercicio de los derechos fundamentales reconocidos en las sociedades libres que la seguridad ciudadana y orden público. En esta obra se analiza la compleja relación entre seguridad ciudadana y derechos fundamentales en el contexto de la Ley Orgánica 4/2015, de 30 de marzo, cuando ha transcurrido casi una década desde su entrada en vigor. Los autores analizan la materia de la mano de la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional, desgranando las tensiones entre libertad y seguridad, así como los desafíos actuales en la protección de derechos constitucionales que se encuentran involucrados en el ámbito de esta norma. Diversos expertos, desde profesionales del derecho hasta miembros de las fuerzas de seguridad, aportan una visión multidisciplinar y práctica sobre esta ley, ofreciendo un enfoque integral que trasciende lo teórico para comprender su impacto en la realidad social y legal.
EL EJERCICIO DEL DERECHO FUNDAMENTAL DE MANIFESTACIÓN A LA LUZ DE LA LEY ORGÁNICA DE PROTECCIÓN DE LA SEGURIDAD CIUDADANA
Authors: Dorado Sánchez Antonio
Published: June 2024

Pocas materias son más importantes para garantizar la defensa del ejercicio de los derechos fundamentales reconocidos en las sociedades libres que la seguridad ciudadana y orden público. En esta obra se analiza la compleja relación entre seguridad ciudadana y derechos fundamentales en el contexto de la Ley Orgánica 4/2015, de 30 de marzo, cuando ha transcurrido casi una década desde su entrada en vigor. Los autores analizan la materia de la mano de la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional, desgranando las tensiones entre libertad y seguridad, así como los desafíos actuales en la protección de derechos constitucionales que se encuentran involucrados en el ámbito de esta norma. Diversos expertos, desde profesionales del derecho hasta miembros de las fuerzas de seguridad, aportan una visión multidisciplinar y práctica sobre esta ley, ofreciendo un enfoque integral que trasciende lo teórico para comprender su impacto en la realidad social y legal.
Predicting Student Performance Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Yang Ke
Published: June 2024

This paper explores machine learning approaches to predicting student performance using artificial neural networks. By employing educational data mining and predictive modeling techniques, accurate predictions of student outcomes were achieved. The results indicate that artificial neural networks exhibit high accuracy and reliability in forecasting student academic performance. Through comprehensive analysis and empirical testing, this approach significantly enhances the effectiveness of student performance predictions. Future research directions may include further optimization of the model's algorithms and expansion of the data sample size to improve prediction accuracy and applicability. The method demonstrated exceptional performance in predicting student outcomes, offering high accuracy and efficacy. By mining and analyzing extensive educational data, a predictive model was established and validated through experiments. We introduce a novel predictive model to the field of education, providing robust support for student learning and educational decision-making. Future enhancements can optimize the model, increase prediction precision, and expand application fields to better serve the development of educational endeavors.
DEVIANT BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENTS AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEM
Authors: Məmmədova Günel
Published: June 2024

In the scientific article, the deviant behavior of teenagers is characterized as a psychological problem. Factors and reasons causing deviant behavior were investigated in sequence, different approaches of different researchers to the problem were studied. The article states that the deviant behavior of teenagers is determined by social norms. The psychological characteristics of adolescents with deviant behavior included in different groups were investigated.
PSYCHOSOMATİCS: PSYCHOLOGİCAL CAUSES OF SOMATİC DİSEASES
Authors: Ağasiyeva Yaqut
Published: June 2024

There is always a balance between the physical and spiritual world of a person. When symmetry is broken in their joint activity, psychological problems arise, which are covered by the name of psychosomatics. In the article, the author considers these issues and notes that the problem of psychosomatics is one of the most pressing and complex problems of our time. The history of psychosomatics is ancient. The humoral theory of temperament of Hippocrates is considered the basis of psychosomatics. The author notes that the term psychosomatics was first used in 1818 by the German physician Heinroth. He analyzed various sources and grouped the causes of psychosomatic diseases and showed that the treatment of somatic diseases is carried out through long-term psychotherapy.
AI-driven Automated Discovery Tools Reveal Diverse Behavioral Competencies of Biological Networks
Authors: Etcheverry Mayalen , Moulin-Frier Clément , Oudeyer Pierre-Yves , Levin Michael
Published: June 2024

Many applications in biomedicine and synthetic bioengineering depend on the ability to understand, map, predict, and control the complex, context-sensitive behavior of chemical and genetic networks. The emerging field of diverse intelligence has offered frameworks with which to investigate and exploit surprising problem-solving capacities of unconventional agents. However, for systems that are not conventional animals used in behavior science, there are few quantitative tools that facilitate exploration of their competencies, especially when their complexity makes it infeasible to use unguided exploration. Here, we formalize and investigate a view of gene regulatory networks as agents navigating a problem space. We develop automated tools to efficiently map the repertoire of robust goal states that GRNs can reach despite perturbations. These tools rely on two main contributions that we make in this paper: (1) Using curiosity-driven exploration algorithms, originating from the AI community to explore the range of behavioral abilities of a given system, that we adapt and leverage to automatically discover the range of reachable goal states of GRNs and (2) Proposing a battery of empirical tests inspired by implementation-agnostic behaviorist approaches to assess their navigation competencies. Our data reveal that models inferred from real biological data can reach a surprisingly wide spectrum of steady states, while showcasing various competencies that living agents often exhibit, in physiological network dynamics and that do not require structural changes of network properties or connectivity. Furthermore, we investigate the applicability of the discovered “behavioral catalogs” for comparing the evolved competencies across classes of evolved biological networks, as well as for the design of drug interventions in biomedical contexts or for the design of synthetic gene networks in bioengineering. Altogether, these automated tools and the resulting emphasis on behavior-shaping and exploitation of innate competencies open the path to better interrogation platforms for exploring the complex behavior of biological networks in an efficient and cost-effective manner. To read the interactive version of this paper, please visit https://developmentalsystems.org/curious-exploration-of-grn-competencies.
A-to-I RNA editing of CYP18A1 mediates transgenerational wing dimorphism in aphids
Authors: Zhu Bin , Rui Wei , Hua Wenjuan , Li Lu , Zhang Wenlin , Liang Pei
Published: June 2024

Wing dimorphism is a common phenomenon that plays key roles in the environmental adaptation of aphid; however, the signal transduction in response to environmental cues and the regulation mechanism related to this event remain unknown. Adenosine (A) to inosine (I) RNA editing is a posttranscriptional modification that extends transcriptome variety without altering the genome, playing essential roles in numerous biological and physiological processes. Here, we present a chromosome-level genome assembly of the rosegrain aphid
Metopolophium dirhodum
by using PacBio long HiFi reads and Hi-C technology. The final genome assembly for
M. dirhodum
is 447.8 Mb, with 98.50% of the assembled sequences anchored to nine chromosomes. The contig and scaffold N50 values are 7.82 and 37.54 Mb, respectively. A total of 18,003 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 92.05% were functionally annotated. In addition, 11678 A-to-I RNA-editing sites were systematically identified based on this assembled
M. dirhodum
genome, and two synonymous A-to-I RNA editing sites on
CYP18A1
were closely associated with transgenerational wing dimorphism induced by crowding. One of these A-to-I RNA editing sites may prevent the binding of miR-3036-5p to
CYP18A1
, thus elevating CYP18A1 expression, decreasing 20E titer, and finally regulating the wing dimorphism of offspring. Meanwhile, crowding can also inhibit miR-3036-5p expression and further increase CYP18A1 abundance, resulting in winged offspring. These findings support that A-to-I RNA editing is a dynamic mechanism in the regulation of transgenerational wing dimorphism in aphids and would advance our understanding of the roles of RNA editing in environmental adaptability and phenotypic plasticity.
Using Open Journal Systems (OJS) for a podcast series
Authors: Aspaas Per Pippin
Published: June 2024

The podcast series Open Science Talk published its first issue in September 2018. Since the beginning, it has been published on the audio platform SoundCloud. Since January 2020, however, the Open Journal Systems (OJS) installation of UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Septentrio Academic Publishing, has been used to publish the same content. In this case study article, the current host of the Open Science Talk series discusses what benefits it gives to publish on a platform tailor-made for academic content in addition to the podcast ecosystem represented by SoundCloud and its API.
A Review on Bioinformatics and Genomic Advances in Black Widow Spider Research
Authors: Shrivastava Aakriti , Sharma V. K.
Published: June 2024

Sustainable ecosystem is huge topic for discussion in this era. It's a continuous process that comes from some biotic and abiotic factors such as; pollution of the atmosphere, waste production, toxic substance disposal, damaged aquatic ecosystems, deforestation, etc. To control the loss of biodiversity we must apply some innovative technologies of genome analysis and database management systems. Spiders (order Araneae) are the species which is broadly distributed in our diversity. Latrodectus is a genus of amazing spiders commonly known as a black widow have numerous attractive features and is a huge research topic, Because of its biological product and behavior. The literature review has been carried out by following reasoning methodology and is presented. The results of this study indicate that different researchers have taken different approaches to analysing the genomic data with some broadly use methods like whole genome sequencing, genotyping, and different proteome analysis and management of data Overall, it is evident from the literature offers a meaningful option, especially for managing genomic data and provided new framework towards the sustainable ecosystem.
Applications of CRISPR/Cas9 for Biotic and Abiotic Stress Resistance of Rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: Dhadge Kunal , Walia Puneet
Published: June 2024

Biotechnology has played an important role in the development of varieties with enhanced biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, higher yield potential and an improved resistance towards major diseases and pathogens. The precision of the CRISPR-Cas9 system's target recognition is notably dependable because it employs the Watson and Crick model to identify target sites and utilizes sequence analysis to pinpoint potential off-target locations.  In a study carried out to develop resistance against bacterial blight on CO51 variety of rice, a single guide RNA was designed using the structure and sequence information obtained through Ensembl Plants database.  The integration of CRISPR/Cas9 technology with traditional breeding methods and other advanced biotechnological tools may further enhance the development of stress-resilient rice varieties with improved productivity and sustainability.
Green Synthesis of Xanthenes: Utilizing Sulfonated Fructose as an Efficient and Eco-friendly Catalyst
Authors: Kakeshpour Ali , Moradi Ashraf , Moradi Farzaneh
Published: June 2024

The synthesis of xanthenes has garnered significant attention due to their extensive biological and therapeutic properties, including antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory effects. Xanthenes are indispensable in organic synthesis and are also valued for their spectral properties as dyes in laser industries and fluorescent materials for detecting biological molecules. Despite various methods reported for xanthene synthesis, challenges such as low efficiency, lengthy reaction times, high catalyst requirements, and the use of hazardous organic solvents necessitate the development of more sustainable and efficient alternatives.
This study introduces sulfonated fructose as a novel, green catalyst for the condensation reactions of benzaldehyde, 2-naphthol, and dimedone to synthesize tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthene-11-ones, and aldehyde and 2-naphthol to synthesize 14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes. The sulfonation of fructose enhances its catalytic activity by increasing its acidity, stability, and selectivity, thus providing significant advantages over pure fructose. These include: 1. Higher Catalytic Activity: Enhanced acidity of sulfonated fructose reduces reaction times and increases yields. 2. Greater Stability: Increased stability of the catalyst leads to less degradation and a longer lifespan. 3. Compatibility with Green Chemistry: The use of less toxic and hazardous catalysts aligns with green chemistry principles, reducing environmental pollution. 4. Reduced Need for Toxic Solvents: Reactions can proceed under milder conditions using environmentally friendly solvents like water and ethanol. 5. Improved Selectivity: Sulfonic groups enhance the selectivity of reactions, resulting in fewer by-products and higher purity.
This innovative approach not only improves the efficiency and sustainability of xanthene synthesis but also demonstrates the economic and environmental benefits of using sulfonated fructose. The method offers straightforward operation, reduced costs, shorter reaction times, and easier purification, making it a valuable contribution to the field of green and sustainable chemistry.
Comparison between Manual Harvesting and Mechanical Harvesting
Authors: J. Pargi Sanjay , Gupta Pankaj , Balas P. R. , Bambhaniya V. U.
Published: June 2024

This paper presents a thorough analysis of the differences between human and automated harvesting techniques in agriculture, including their categorization, impacts, difficulties, costs, and potential future developments. Manual harvesting, which involves labor-intensive methods, enables meticulous handling and yields top-notch product. However, it is constrained by expensive labor and the availability of workers only during certain seasons. On the other hand, automated harvesting improves efficiency and scalability, decreasing the need for human labor and boosting production. Nevertheless, this endeavor requires a substantial infusion of financial resources and may lead to increased harm to crops and compaction of the soil. The paper analyzes the economic consequences of both approaches, emphasizing the greater initial investment required for mechanical equipment compared to the continuous labor expenses associated with hand harvesting. This study addresses the difficulties of labor shortages, equipment maintenance, and adaptation to various crops and terrains. In the future, the incorporation of cutting-edge technology, like as robots and artificial intelligence (AI), has the potential to tackle these difficulties by providing more effective and sustainable methods for harvesting.
A Genetic Assessment of the Average Daily Gain and Kleiber Ratio in Chokla Sheep Grown in Semi-Arid Rajasthan, India
Authors: Choudhary Garima , Pannu Urmila , Nehara Manju , Narula Harvindra Kumar , Chopra Ashish , Poonia Narender Kumar
Published: June 2024

This experiment was conducted to study the genetic assessment of growth efficient parameters viz. average daily gain and kleiber ratio of Chokla sheep by study various inheritable and non-hereditary factors.  In order to conduct a thorough assessment of effectiveness of growth of a semi-arid environment for Chokla sheep, data on 6785 lambs born to 459 sires over a 47-years period (1974–2020) were gathered from the Institute of Central Sheep and Wool Research, Bichwal, Bikaner, Rajasthan. This data was used to determine the sire’s random effect and various determinate effects of birth year, season in which animal born, gender of lamb, and weight of ewe at lambing on the performance of these sheep. According to estimated least-squares averages, the average daily gains ADG1 (birth to weaning stage), ADG2 (weaning stage to 6 months of age), and ADG3 (6 months to 12 months of age) were, in order, 118.69±0.55 g day-1, 64.94±0.70 g day-1, and 30.60±0.49 g day-1. These values corresponded to Kleiber ratios KR1, KR2, and KR3, were 16.42±0.04, 6.79±0.06, and 2.69±0.06, respectively. In terms of sire, period of lambing, season of lambing, and sex of lamb, each factor was highly consequential (p<0.01) for every attribute under study. All age groupings showed that males were heavier than females. With the exception of ADG2 and ADG3, these traits significantly correlated with the ewe ‘s weight at lambing. In which every trait had a positive regression coefficient with the exception of KR2. It should be crucial to guide these significant factors to obtain higher growth performance of lambs for farm management. Significant effect of sire indicates presence of additive genetic variability among different traits by using that sires further enhancement possible in these traits.
An Efficient Synthesis of 3,3′,4,4′‐Tetrahydro‐4,4′‐bibenzo[e][1,3]oxazine‐2,2′‐dione Derivatives with the Aid of Low‐valent Titanium
Authors: Dou Guolan , Sun Fang , Zhao Xuan , Shi Daqing
Published: November 2011

Synthesis of 3,3′,4,4′‐tetrahydro‐4,4′‐bibenzo[e][1,3]oxazine‐2,2′‐diones via reaction of salicylidendphenylhydrazone and triphosgene with the aid of low‐valent titanium reagent is described. This method has the advantages of accessible starting materials, good yields and short reaction time.
Association Between Weight and Risk of Crash-Related Injuries for Children in Child Restraints
Authors: Zonfrillo Mark R. , Elliott Michael R. , Flannagan Carol A. , Durbin Dennis R.
Published: November 2011

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the association between weight and the risk of injury in motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) for children 1 through 8 years of age who were using child restraints.

METHODS:

This was a cross-sectional study of children 1 to 8 years of age in MVCs, in which cases from the National Automotive Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System were used. Abbreviated Injury Scale scores of ≥2 indicated clinically significant injuries.

RESULTS:

The National Automotive Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System study sample included 650 children 1 to 5 years of age in forward-facing child restraints who weighed 20 to 65 lb and 344 children 3 to 8 years of age in belt-positioning booster seats who weighed 30 to 100 lb. With adjustment for seating position, type of vehicle, direction of impact, crash severity, and vehicle model year, there was no association between absolute weight and clinically significant injuries in either age group (odds ratio: 1.17 [95% confidence interval: 0.96–1.42] for children 1–5 years of age in forward-facing child restraints and 1.22 [95% confidence interval: 0.96–1.55] for children 3–8 years of age in belt-positioning booster seats).

CONCLUSIONS:

The risk of clinically significant injuries was not associated with weight across a broad weight range in this sample of children in MVCs who were using child restraint systems. Parents should continue to restrain their children according to current recommendations from the American Academy of Pediatrics and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
Upper Airway Obstruction Induced by Warfarin Sodium
Authors: Lepore Michael Leo
Published: November 2011

• I report a patient in whom warfarin sodium induced upper airway obstruction secondary to a spontaneous nontraumatic hemorrhage into the sublingual space. Treatment of this obstructive sublingual space hematoma with conservative medical management is reviewed. I discuss the role of warfarin sodium in coagulation and in the production of this pseudo-Ludwig phenomenon.