bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular and Clinical investigation of lumpy skin disease in cattle in AL .Qadissiyia province
Authors: Mansour Khalefa Ali , Naser Hassan Hachim , Jassim Asaad
Published: August 2023

In the present study describes the clinical, histological, and molecular diagnosis of lumpy skin disease (LSD) which prevalence as Outbreak in AL -Qadissiyia province. Sixteen cases suspected infection with (LSD)  in cattle depending  on the clinical signes which appear clearly   in diferent area in AL -Qadissiyia province. All suspected  animals were clinically examined and a tentative  diagnosis of LSD was done upon noticing  of typical clinical signs . Specimens (skin biopsies) were collected from nodular skin lesions of infected  animals  for histopathological examination then the PCR assay  was performed to confirm the found of disease in the suspected cases . The result of The physical and clinical examination revealed atypical clinical manifestation of  (LSD) .histopathological result showed characteristic pathological change. The results of PCR  (conventional PCR )technique for detection of specific primer P23 antigen gene (720bp)of( LSD)virus showed  14 out of 16 were positive result from collected samples .In conclusion the lumpy skin disease is wide spread in a AL -Qadissiyia province and the disease have a typical and characteristic clinical ,histopathological features that used in tentative diagnosis .PCR technique was rapid ,sensitive and specific for detection of the  (LSD)virus and confirmative diagnosis ofdisease.
In Vitro Production of Ovine Embryo
Authors: Majeed A.F. , Adel A. M.
Published: August 2023

The study was conducted in order to know the effect of certain factors on in vitro maturation and fertilization of sheep oocytes in vitro during the period from November 2010 to march 2011, 195 oocytes we aspirated from 60 ovaries of adult an prebupertal lamb slaughtered in AL-Falluja slaughter house, and transported to reproductive lab of coll .vet .Med. / AL -Anbar university at Falluja. Aspirated oocytes were graded and incubated at 38.5 co, 5% CO2 with relative humidity 90% for 24 hrs.  Capacitated sperm were prepared for IVF. Then incubation of matured oocyte with capacitated sperm (CO2 5%, 38.5co, 90% relative humidity for 24 hrs).                                                         The results showed that the right ovary give more oocyte  (P<0.05) the left one. The large follicles showed oocyte recovery and in the percent of maturation and IVF as compared (P< 0.05) with the smaller one. The results showed also that .the TCM -199 is the best for IVM and IVF (P<0.05) as compared with DPBS. It was concluded for the study the ability of producing ovine Embryo in vitro, However further study is required.
Prevalence of Entamoebahistolyticaand Giardia lambliaparasites among patients attending Al-Emam Ali hospital in Al-Mashroohprovice / Babylon
Authors: Ali J.K .
Published: August 2023

Out of 492 patients attending Al-Emam Ali hospital, examined during the peroid from  beginning of June/2013 to the end of may/2014, 79 (16.05%) were infected with G. lambliaand 115 (23.37%) were infected with E. histolytica. Highest rate of infection with giardiasis was in July and March (20.93%, 20.51% respectively), while the lower infection was found in December (8.51%). Amoebiasis show high rate of infection in September (41.93%) and low rate of infection in May (14.06%). Prevalence of giardinsis and amoebiasis in rural areas (16.8%, 26.3% respectively) were found higher than urban areas (15.3%, 20.3%), but with out significant differences. Also no significant differences were found between infected males and females patients. The infection of both parasites was found increased with advancing ages of patients. Mixed stages (trophozoites and cysts) was the most apparent in posative cases of amoebiasis, while trophozoites stage was found apparent in posative cases of giardiasis.
Treatment of natural infection in pigeons birds with coccidiosis by using ginger extract in Babylon province
Authors: Ali J.K . , Alewi H.H. , Sawdi H.A .
Published: August 2023

Twenty-five sample pigeon faeces  were examined to detect the prevalence of natural  infection of coccidiosis among these birds. Out of 25 pigeons examined , 21 birds were found infected ( 84%) , 12 infected pigeons were males (85.7% ) and 9 were female (81.8%).Flotation by zinc sulphate was the best method for diagnosis of the parasite oocystes in the faeces of the birds comparison to the direct examination, with significant differences was p>0.05.The extract of ginger (Zingibarofficinale ) exhibited high efficiency in treatment of infected pigeons with coccidiosis, and the highest efficiency 91%  was by using 10% of the extract, with significant differences on level p>0.05 comparison to that of 5% which was 70%.
Effects of dietary herb supplements for ewes On milk contents and some biochemical parameter
Authors: Ibrhim Ibrheem eryan
Published: August 2023

This experiment was conducted on 9 Awassi ewes of similar weight (BW around 50 Kg) and age (45-48 months) for 60 days, were equally divided into three dietary treatments. Group 1 served as a control group received water from the sink water as the water drinking, groups 2 and 3have given water with garlic (Allium sativum)and ginger (Zingiberofficinale) extract by 2 ml/2 liter per day in the water drinking respectively , All groups were fed the basal diet. While Ekomilk was used to analysis milk samples. No significant effect was found in Lactose, fat, pH, FP and DEN, while protein and NSF improved (P<0.05) by adding garlic and zinger in water drinking at 1st and 3th weeks, However, No significant difference were observed in creatinine, ALT and AST, While the cholesterol and glucose were decreased (P<0.05) at 3th, 4th and 1st, 3th, and 4th respectively.
Study on prevalences of Entameoba histolytica & Giardia lamblia in Samarra city
Authors: Al-Ammash Maroof S. Juma
Published: August 2023

This study was done during the period from October-2014 to end of March-2015, to study the prevalence of Entameoba histolytica & Giardia lamblia among patients with diarrhea. The number of examined samples of feces was 304. These samples taken from patients complain from diarrhea those attending General Hospital of Samarra & some Primary Health Care Centers, at the age of infant to 50 years. These samples examined by Direct wet film preparation (by using Normal saline & Lugol s iodine solution) & Examination of Sedment. The results of existing study as follow:The percentage of total infection of intestinal parasites during this study showed that the number of males slightly more than females. Nonsignificant differences found among percentage of total infection of intestinal parasites under study, while significant differences found among patients lives in rural & urban area. High prevalence of parasitic infection was occurred in Winter. Significant differences found among percentages of total infection of intestinal parasites in different ages. High significant differences found among the total percentage of parasitic infection according to family numbers, while nonsignificant differences found between two parasites. Significant differences found among the total percentage of parasitic infections according to source of drink water, while nonsignificant differences found between two parasites.
A Comparative Study Between of Effect of Tramadol and Xylazine as Premedication Those Followed by Ketamine Anesthesia in Dogs
Authors: Al Bayati Mohammad T. Naqi
Published: August 2023

The analgesic effects of Tramadol and Xylazine as a preanesthetic in followed by Ketamine in adult dogs. A twelve male was randomly divided in to three groups . first group serves as control group  given normal saline, a second 4mg /kg B.W. i.m. of Tramadol  and third group 1 mg/kg B.W. i.m.  Xylazine premedication, was then administered intramuscular followed by Ketamine anesthesia at dose 5 mg/kg B.w.. The behavioral changes, the duration of surgical anesthesia, and biochemical parameters. Xylazine  pretreatment significantly (P<0.05) increased the degree of sedation when compared with the control. The duration of surgical anesthesia was significantly (P<0.05) increased by Tramadol  pretreatment when compared with control group. There were no significant (P<0.05) differences in biochemical tests total Protein, Creatinine, Alanine Transaminase ALT and Aspartate Transaminase AST among the groups. This result suggests that intrmuscular Tramadol at 4mg /kg is a useful preanesthetic agent for extending the surgical level of anesthesia in ketamine anesthesia in dogs.
Effect of months on levels of some biochemical parameters in blood of Iraqi female one- humped camel (Camelus dromedarius)
Authors: Abdul-Rahaman Yassen Taha , Shahooth Mohammed Ali , Abid Saba Khamiss
Published: August 2023

Twelve Iraqi one-humped female camels (Camelus dromedarius) of 7- 8 years old presented in the Animal Farm, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Anbar were used in this study during the period of 1/9/2012 to 1/1/2013. The study were designed to find out the effect of some months of year on the levels of some blood biochemical parameters. Results showed that there is no significant effects of months on globulin, urea and creatinine. Results also showed that glucose, ALT, Alkaline phosphatase activity and HDL were high during October (P<0.05) and low in other months. Total protein, albumin, AST, cholesterol and Triglycerides were high (P<0.05) during September (P<0.05) compared with other months. In Conclusion, there are few variation between the present findings and those from previous workers that may be attributed to the season or months assay.
The Prophylactic Role of Flavonoids of Black Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) on Some Biochemical Parameters in Adult females Rats Treated with Sodium Fluoride
Authors: Alol Layla Hashim
Published: August 2023

Present study was aimed to investigate the protective role of flavonoid of black grape (Vitis vinifera L.) to contrast the damaging of 100ppm sodium fluoride(NaF) on some biochemical parameters (glucose, insulin, α-amylase and peroxy nitrate) in females rats .Twenty females rats were divided randomly into four groups and treated for (30)days as follows: control group(C) which were given tap water. First treated group (T1) was given 100ppm in drinking water,the second treated group (T2) was given flavonoids extract from black grape (300mg/kg) by oral intubation ,third group(T3) was given 100 ppm of sodium fluoride plus 300mg/kg of flavonoids of black grape .Blood samples were collected after 30 days for measuring the following parameters : glucose , insulin , α-amylase and peroxy nitrate. The results illustrated a significant increase (P˂0.05) in, blood glucose concentration of sodium fluoride treated group (T1) and sodium fluoride plus flavonoids(T3), concentration of insulin in sodium fluoride treated group ,and concentration of peroxy nitrate radical in sodium fluoride treated group (T1) and sodium fluoride plus flavonoids(T3) groups as compared with control group . Significant depression (P˂0.05) in α-amylase activity in sodium fluoride treated group (T1) and sodium fluoride plus flavonoids(T3) as compared with other treated groups was also recorded . From the autcomes of this study documented seems that treatment with flavonoids of black grape(Vitis vinifera )  at concentration of 300mg/kg B.W has the ability to correct the adverse effect of sodium fluoride in females rats.However,there is no significant differences in group treated with flavonoids as compared with control. Histological sections of liver illustrated clear impact of group treated with NaF, manifested by necrosis of hepatic cells with infiltration of inflammatory cells while animals treated with flavonoids of black grape plus NaF revealed slight necrosis area and inflammatory cells in liver. However, there are no abnormal changes in animal treated with flavonoids of black grape. In inference, the autcomes of this study documented the ameliorative effect of flavonoids of black grape apposite the noxious effect of NaF on some biochemical parameters that effect on liver function.
The Cardioprotective Effect Of Selenium In Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
Authors: AL-Sheibani Basim I.M. , Al-Amran Fhadil. G. , Al-Turfy Mahamed , AL-Hilo Mahdi S.
Published: August 2023

The objective of the current study is to assess the possible cardioprote-ctive effect of selenium in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury induced by ligation of coronary artery in a male rat model. 24 adult male spraguedawley rats were randomized into 4 equal groups: (1), Sham group, rats underwent the same anesthetic and surgical procedures as the control group except for LAD ligation; (2), Active control group, rats subjected to regional ischemia for 30 min by ligation of LAD coronary artery and reperfusion for 2 hours; (3), Control vehicle group, rats received D.W (vehicle of selenium) via IP route and subjected to ischemia for 30 minutes before ligation of LAD coronary artery & reperfusion for 2 hr; (4), Seleniumtreated group, rats pretreated with selenium5mg/kg via IP injection 30minutes before ligation of  LAD coronary artery & then subjected to reperfusion for 2 hr. In control group, as compared with sham, tissue TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, caspase-3 and BAX, plasma cTn-T and serum MDA significantly increased (P<0.05), while serum GSH significantly decreased (P<0.05). Histopathologically, control group showed a significant cardiac injury (P<0.05) compared with sham group. Selenium significantly counteracted (P<0.05) the increase of TNF-α, IL-6, caspase-3 and BAX and counteracted the increase in plasma cTn-T and serum MDA. Selenium produces a significant elevation (P<0.05) in cardiac IL-10 and serum GSH with significant reduction in (P<0.05) cardiac injury. In Conclusions, Selenium minimizes myocardial I/R injury in male rats via interfering with inflammatory reactions and apoptosis which were induced by I/R injury .
Treatment of retained fetal membranes in dairy cows
Authors: Asker A.S. , Dakheel H. A.
Published: August 2023

Treatments of retained fetal membranes in dairy cattle.The study was conducted on 100 dairy cows of Friesian-Holstein breeds suffering from retained fetal membranes, presented in Al-Fayhaa station, at Gabala, Musaib-Babel. The age of animals ranged from 4-8 years. The animals were divided into four equal groups, each groups contain 25 cows.The first group were treated with 22,5mg of PGf2 I.M, The second group treated with 100 i.u of oxytocin i.m. The 3rd group was treated with 50 i.u. of oxytocin .while the fourth group treated with 5mg estradiol benzoate i.m. The animals were under observation within 72 hours after treatment, to follow expulsion of fetal membranes.The results showed that treatment with PGf2 with a dose of 22.5 m.g.i.m. give the best results with efficacy of 100% (25\25), followed by treatment with 100i.u. of oxytocin with efficacy of 72% (18\25).While the 3rd and 4th group treatment showed a poor response with efficacy of 48% (12\25) and 40% (10\25) respectively.There was a significant difference (P<0.05) between PGf2 treated group and other groups, It was concluded that treatment of R.F.M. with PGF2 give the best results.
The Role of Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxins genes in The occurrence of Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Saeed Azhaar Omraan Mohammed , Al-Kaabi Kareem Thamir , Sultan Baqir Obies
Published: August 2023

at the period from May to November 2013 a total of fifty Staphylococcus aureus isolates were collected from the anterior nares of patients suffering from allergic rhinitis and the same number were also obtained from control subjects at Al-Sader Teaching Hospital in Annajaf city. DNA was extracted from all isolates and by PCR technique a search was done for detection of genes that are responsible for excretion of enterotoxins ,Then a comparison was performed between the existence of these genes in both groups and it was found that the presence of these genes was higher in the patients group than that in the control group.
Effect of different doses of ethanolic extract of date palm pollen grains on serum gonadotropin and total Glutathione in mature female rats
Authors: Jiheel M. J. , Arrak J. K.
Published: August 2023

This study was focused on the effect of different doses of DPP on antioxidant status  and gonadotropin hormones of adult female Wister rats,  sixty male rats were randomized into 6 groups (A-F). Group A received distilled water (control group). while groups B-F were administration  50, 100 , 150 , 200 and 250 mg/kg of DPP extract  respectively for twenty eight (28) days.  Blood samples were drawn prior to administration (day zero) and every fourteen days for the estimation of serum FSH,LH and Glutathione concentration. 28-day daily oral administration of ethanol crude extraction of date palm pollen to female rats is associated with high circulating GSH concentration. And an elevation in serum FSH and LH concentrations in groups received 100mg/kg of DPP extract .Conclusions: Data from this study identified that in a dose more than 100mg/kg there were no dose related effects.
Effect of Castration Methods on Gene Expression of Androgen Receptor Gene in Skeletal Muscles of Awassi Sheep
Authors: Abdulla Alaa Kamil , Ali Qyes Teref , Hussein Abbas Ali
Published: August 2023

The effect of castration on skeletal muscle development in awassi sheep were studied at the gene expressed for androgen receptor. The result showed that live weigh for epididymectomy rams was heavier than control and orchidectomy rams, respectively. There was significant difference (p < .05). By using the (2^ΔCT) with reference gene method, the findings documented that there was higher up-regulated in mRNA expression for androgen receptor in splenius muscles cells for epididymectomy rams compare with interact rams. In contrast, there was down-regulated for mRNA expression for androgen receptor cells for orchidectomy rams. In conclusion the continuous producing of testes hormones lead to growth of skeletal muscles of wether's significant increase the growth of skeletal muscles of wethers by epididymectomy companied with other rams.
Role of DPP (Phoenix dactylifera L.) extract on Ameliorating The incidence of hemoglobinoxidation induced by sodium nitrite
Authors: Jiheel M. J. , Arrak J. K.
Published: August 2023

The effects of ethanolic extract of date palm pollen grains(DPP) was investigated on the ameliorating the  oxidative effect of sodium nitrite on hemoglobin in albino mature female rats , twenty four(24) rats weighing 150- 200 g were grouped into four groups two control and two experimental groups, first group(GI) considered  as negative control received 0.5 ml distilled water and after 45 minutes received another 0.5 ml of  distilled water  while the second control group(GII), (positive control) received 0.5 ml of distilled water then after 45 minutes received 100mg/kg Body weight sodium nitrite. While the two experimental groups were treated as follow, first treated group(GIII) received 100mg/kg Body weight crude ethanolic extract of DPP then after 45 minutes received 100mg/kg Body weight sodium  nitrite. while second(GIV) treated group received 100mg/kg Body weight crude ethanolic extract of DPP  daily for seven days then after 45 minutes from last dose received 100mg/kg B.W. sodium nitrite. Whole blood samples were obtained in heparinized tubes to detect methemoglobin percentage. The results in animals treated with single oral dose (100mg/Kg) of sodium nitrite comprised 45%  met-Hb, 45 minutes after nitrite treatment, while animal,s group  pretreated with ethanolic extract of DPP in a dose of 100mg/kg for seven consecutive days  given as single oral dose of sodium nitrite after 45 minutes from last dose (before induction of methemoglobinemia) by nitrite administration  revealed an increases in the level of met-Hb percentage  in blood compared to that of control group treated with distilled water before sodium nitrite. However the percent inhibition of met-Hb formation over long term treatment was less than that observed with short term treatment.
The cytotoxic effect of olive oil, nigella sativa and their combination on Hela cancer cell line (in vitro)
Authors: Kafi Lubna Ahmed
Published: August 2023

This study was done to comparison among the cytotoxicity of olive oil, nigella sativa oil and the mixture of olive oil and nigella sativa oil on Hela cancer cell line, the results reveled to the maximum cytotoxic concentration of each olive oil and nigella sativa oil on Hela cancer cell line started from (1 µg/ml – 10000 µg/ml) at 72 hr. incubation periods, which reflect the pattern of cytotoxicity was time depending.While the result the mixture cytotoxicity shows an increasing in cytotoxicity occurred with increasing in the incubation periods especially at 72hr. at concentration equal to 10000  µg/ml , which give indication about the mixture cytotoxicity was time and concentration depends ,The cytotoxicity of the mixture was less when comparing with the cytotoxicity of olive oil and nigella sativa oil reflection an antagonism may occurred between the active ingredients of each olive oil and nigella sativa oil causing decreasing in the cytotoxicity of the mixture toward Hela cancer cell line .
Field and laboratory study of trace elements deficiency in sheep in Al-Najaf province
Authors: Hatem Abdulameer Abed , Abdul wahid Nabeel Ahmed
Published: August 2023

This study was designed to evaluate the trace elements in the blood of sheep suffering from clinical signs of mineral deficiency . Thousand  (1000) ewe were examined clinically and 32 were suffering from sever mineral deficiency, while 10 animals clinically healthy selected as control group . Blood samples were taken,  32 samples from the infected group and other 10 samples from the control group . Blood samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed  high deficiency in trace elements as well as presence of significant differences between the affected and the control groups at p<0.05 .The values of Cu, Fe, Co, Zn and Pb in serum of control group  were 0.859  ± 0.091 ppm , 2.038 ±0.016 ppm , 0.519 ± 0.076 ppm , 1.028 ± 0.015 ppm , 0.003 ± 0.0005 ppm respectively and in affected group Cu,Fe,Co,Zn And Pb were 0.209 ± 0.006 ppm, 0.294 ± 0.025 ppm, 0.012 ± 0.001 ppm , 0.190 ± 0.007 ppm, 0.053 ± 0.006 ppm respectively. There was no significant variation in toxic metal Pb between affected and control group.at (p<0.05).
Effects of two dose of pomegranate peels powder on some physiological characteristic and libido in the Iraqi Awassi rams
Authors: Hamad Zeaid imad , Mahdi Atheer salih , Mohammed Ali Hussein
Published: August 2023

Current research studied the effect of two different dose of pomegranate peels powder 20 mg and 40 mg / week / head / on Iraqi Awassi  rams, with age  2.5 years and for the period from 29 -October - 2014 to 10-December – 2014.Nine of Awassi rams divided randomly into three groups, as follows: control group which given tap water, second group given 20 mg/ week / head /, and the third group given 40 mg/ week / head .Blood sample collected for measuring the concentration of hemoglobin, and calculate the total number of red blood cells RBCs, and white blood cells WBCs.The weights of the three experimental groups measured at the start of the experiment and at the end of the experiment by scales used for large animals.The results show a significant increase (p<0.05) found in weight at the sixth week of the experiment. While there is no significant differences in the characteristics of blood, the study measured; (hemoglobin, RBCs number, WBCs number), while the libido tested at the end of the experiment. The second and third groups exceeded significantly in (responding time to the first leap, and the responding time to the first Coitus, the number of leaps and the number coitus within 20 minutes.
Comparative study of serum copper concentration in natural copper deficient and healthy Awassi sheep in Al-Najaf city\Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed Jassim , Kshash Qassim Haleem
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted on Awassi sheep in Al-Najaf city  during October /2014 till January /2015 to detect the main clinical features and copper concentration associated with natural copper deficiency of sheep .
 About one hundred clinically copper deficient sheep (50 male,50 female) character by important clinical copper deficient features        as affected sheep group and control sheep  group which apparent healthy was included one hundred sheep (50 male,50 female) both group sheep was selected randomly and blood samples were  collected  from each one to estimate serum copper concentration  .
Clinical examination of deficient sheep was showed wool abnormalities 60% as higher percentage ,ill-thriftness and retarding of growth 80%, Ataxia(incoordination gait-posterior paralysis) 54% so the predominant signs is paleness of mucous membrane 100% .
So, heart and respiratory rates were increase in deficient sheep (92.11±0.35,36.8±0.8) than in control group (75.8±0.54,29.6±0.19) respectively ,but temperature rate not changes in  both animals groups.
 Serum copper concentration was (5.58±0.13)µmol/L in deficient sheep when compared with control sheep (15.61±0.56)µmol/L and the serum copper was higher significantly in male than  in female in both groups as(6.482±0.21,5.131±0.12) µmol/L in deficient sheep ,(18.21,±0.78,13.014±0.62) ) µmol/L in control group respectively,  and copper concentration in adult examined sheep  (1-4) years as (5.66±0.68) lower than yearling lamb(9.8±1.03 in deficient group.
This study was conducted to estimate serum copper concentration in clinically copper deficient sheep and the effect of gender and sex on their concentration in Awassi sheep.
Effect of Quantitative Feed Restriction on Some Physiological Parameters of Japanese Quails
Authors: Abd Saad Kleman , Al-Khateeb Faiyz  Sami , Abdulbaki Thaier  Mohammad
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study to evaluate the effect of quantitative feed restriction on some physiological parameters of Japanese Quail. A total of 160 unsexed Japanese Quail aged 21 days were used for this study, divided randomly to four groups, each has four replicates as follows; control group (T1) feed ad libitum, treatment (T2), treatment (T3) and treatment (T4), 10%, 20% and 30% feed restriction of the control group value respectively for two weeks. On day 35 all the groups returned to the free feed ad libitum till the end of the treatment.Variables measured includes; productive, hematological and biochemical parameters.The results shows significant (p≤0.05) effect of feed restriction as the body weight decreased in the 4th, 5th and 6th week, on the other hand the weekly body weight increase, decreased significantly (p≤0.05) in the 4th week and increased significantly (p≤0.05) in the 6th week. The amount of feed taken in 4th, 5th decrease significantly (p≤0.05) and increased significantly (p≤0.05) at the 6th week, but the feed conversion ratio increased significantly (p≤0.05) in the 4th week and decreased (p≤0.05) in the 5th and 6th week, with significant (p≤0.05) increase in the relative growth rate in the 5th and 6th week in T4 . Cholesterol increased while triglycerides decrease significantly (p≤0.05). Hb and PCV decrease significantly (p≤0.05) compared to the control. We can conclude from the results that quantitative feed restriction programs may have some economic benefits with some health hazard through rising cholesterol levels, decreasing Hb and PCV values according to the intensity of feed restriction regimen.
Bacteriological And Pathological Study Of Omphalitis In Broiler Chicks
Authors: Jalob Ziad Khalaf , Farhan Waleed Hamed , Ibrahiem Zaid Yassien , Jumaa Bariq Nazar
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study is to investigate the role of omphalitis in the productive traits of broiler chicks.The study was conducted from July 2012 to April 2013 in the hatcheries of Al-Fallujah, Al-Anbar province, Iraq to determine the prevalence of yolk sac infection, and to identify yolk sac infection attributed to various bacterial pathogens threatening the area causing economic losses in poultry industry and to take the precautionary measure to minimize such losses .A total of (116) moribund newly hatched chicks with an age of (1-5)days were received from different hatcheries or farms. The selective chicks were necropsied for bacteriological cultures, histopathological study in addition to investigate their sequel on the health state of the birds.The study showed that the prevalence of bacteria was in the following order; Streptococcus spp 39%, Escherichia coli 20.6%, Proteus spp 14.2%. Pseudomonas spp. 9.5%, Staphylococcus spp. 6.3%, Pasteurella spp. 4.7% , Klebsiella spp 3.1%, Bacillus (saprophytic) 1.5%.Our study proved that omphalitis have a vital role in increase mortality during the first week in addition to its direct effect in decrease body weight as well as immunological response to further vaccination because of deprivation of passive maternal immunity that will predispose the bird for the endemic diseases.
Direct detection of Entamoeba bovis in calves infected by diarrhea by using Polymerase chain reaction technique
Authors: Al-shabbani Amal Hassan
Published: August 2023

This study carried out to direct molecular investigation of Entamoeba bovis from feces samples of calves which suffering from diarrhea that collected from different fields in  Al-Diwanyia city by using polymerase chain reaction technique (PCR). This technique was dependent on used specific primers that amplification of  small subunit ribosomal RNA gene in Entamoeba bovis. This primers were designed in this study by using NCBI-Genk data base (FN666248.1) and primer 3 plus for primers design. The PCR results were appeared that cattle infected with Entamoeba bovis in percentage of about (36% ) 18 positive samples out of 50 diarrheic  samples. We concluded that Entamoeba bovis is important causes of enteric infection in calf whereas, the polymerase chain reaction technique is very specific and rapid assay.
Immunofluorescence Identification of the Endocrine Cells in the Pancreatic Islets of the Camel (Camelus dromedarius)
Authors: Zghair Fatimah Swadi
Published: August 2023

The aim of the study and characterize the spread of two types of endocrine cells of the pancreatic  alpha and beta with hormones in one hump camel (Camelus dromedaries ) by using immunofluorescence technique and compositions histological study of the pancreas. Conducted the study on the pancreas to twelve of the camels from AL-Dwaynia province slaughter house , six animal for histological study and six other for immunofluercent study . To identify  two types of endocrine cells in the pancreas with endocrine hormones. By use specific antisera multiple glucagon peptide-1 and Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide.  The results showed that the distribution of these types of immune cells in the pancreas difference. Immunoreactive cells (beta) cells, the most numerous and take a central position and surround the pancreatic islets . The most distinct delineation of the islets from the surrounding  acini. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide -immunoreactive cells (β-cells) were most numerous followed by Glucagon like peptide-1 (α-) -immunoreactive cells in decreasing order . Alpha cells were mostly observed as clumps in the periphery area. The result concluded from the current study, the difference in the distribution of these cells depends on the type of species  when compared to the results of this study with other results.
Detection of Escherichia coli and E. coli O157 in Veal Mincemeat in Baghdad
Authors: Al-Rubaey Methaq G. Abd
Published: August 2023

In order to investigate the prevalence of Escherichia coli and E. coli O157 in veal mincemeat, thirty pooled samples (three replicates from each type, n=90) were randomly collected from different markets and butcher shops in Baghdad during April until August (2015), in which they processed and analyzed by different food microbiological procedures. The results showed isolation and identification of 27 (90%) isolates out of 30 pooled samples as 13 (86.7%) isolates from 15 locally butcher shops mincemeat, in which the serotype O157 was detected in 5 (33.4%) samples; and 14 (93.4%) isolates from 15 imported veal meat (minced locally for human consumption), in which 7 (46.7%) isolates were identified as a serotype O157. The mean log count of E. coli to E. coli O157 in locally produced mincemeat range from 2.845 to 5.602 log10 cfu g_1, while in imported ones range from 4.778 to 8.954 log10 cfu g_1. Results profile provide useful information on biosafety and hazard analyses critical control points of hygienic measurements of E. coli and E. coli O157 in mincemeat marketed in Baghdad.
The synergestic effect of probiotic and Levamisole on antibody titre of Newcastle disease in presence of E.coli as stress
Authors: Khammas Emad J. , AL-Zuhariy Mushtaaq T. B.
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of probiotic (poultry star®), and immunmodulator (levamisole) in feed additive and in drinking water as synergistic or each one alone on immune response post routine vaccination and challenge with Newcastle disease virus and E.coli, also on means lesion score in (air sac, heart and liver). one hundred Ross broiler chicks were used from 1 day to 35 day old, divided randomly to five groups (20 birds/group), diet and drinking water offered ad libitium, experimental groups treated as follows: Group one: received poultry star® as feed additive in dose (2×1011 CFU/kg) from one day till the end of the experiment. Group two: received levamisole (10µg/kg B.w.) in drinking water from one day till the end of the experiment. Group three: received levamisole (10µg/kg B.W.) in drinking water plus poultry star in feed additive in dose (2×1011 CFU) from one day till the end of the experiment. Group four: control positive positive (vaccinated not treated). Group five: Control negative (not vaccinated not treated). All groups except the control (negative) vaccinated with ND vaccine (La Sota strain) orally in drinking water at (5 and 15) days and vaccinated with IBD vaccine (intermediate strain) at 12 days. The challenge was carried out through intranasal inoculation with virulent ND virus (100LD50, 1×106) at day 20, exposed to intratracheal  inoculation with E.coli (3×107 CFU/ml) at day 22. The obtained results referred to the synergistic effect of probiotic and levamisole in group three that enhanced the immunity against Newcastle virus, also less means level of air sac lesion, pericarditis and perihepatitis score as compared with single effect in the groups (first and second) and also compared with control negative and positive groups. NDV and E.coli Challenge caused high morbidity and no mortality in all vaccinated group compared with control negative. Therefore, all the additive materials (probiotic, levamisole) protected the chicks from bacterial infection E.coli. But did not protect the chicks from infection with virulent NDV in spite of that reducing the severity of infection by reduced the viral replication.
Effects of hydroalcoholic extract of celery (apium graveolens) seed on blood & biochemical parameters of adult male rats
Authors: Al-Kurdy Masar Jabbar Jary
Published: August 2023

Targeted research study the effect hydroalcoholic extract of celery (apium graveolens) seed on blood & biochemical parameters of  adult male rats. Twenty-four  adult male rats, were randomly divided into three equal groups. First group (control) daily drenched with 1 ml of distilled water  along the experimental period (30 day), second & third groups (G1& G2) daily drenched with drinking water contain( 50  &100  mg/kg b.w) of hydroalcoholic extract of celery seed, respectively. At the end of experiment, blood samples were obtained from each rate for estimation of hemoglobin concentration ,packed cell volume ,WBC count and RBC count. TG, TC, LDL-c and HDL-c concentrations in blood serum were calculated. The result showed that significant increase (P<0.05) in RBC counts, PCV &Hb concentration in the two treated groups as compared with control group, while the result of WBC count showed non- significant differences (P<0.05) in two treated groups compared with control. The result of (TG, TC & LDL-c) concentrations showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in two treated groups compared with control group. At the same time, the result of HDL-c concentration  showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in G2 compared with G1 and control groups.
Pre and postnatal morphological developments for the skull bones in guinea pig (Cavia cutleri)
Authors: Hamza Luay, O. , Abood Dhyaa, Ab. , Mohammed Hadaf, H.
Published: August 2023

The study designed to investigate the morphological changes from 25 day prenatal to the 30 day old postnatal in guinea pig, and found that, at the 25-35th day of gestation the result showed typical formation of the plates of all skull elements and show no ossification in any parts of cranium but, at the 35th days the blue color of plates were lighter than that of previous age. At the 45th day of gestation showed starting and extension of ossification centers in all plates of skull elements. At the 55-60th days of gestation the sutures line of articulation among the skull element in addition to the rami of mandible were not ossified. At the one -15 days postnatal showed ossification of the sutures line articulation and rami of mandible, while areas on the parietal, occipital, frontal and nasal bones were still not ossified. At the 30th day the nasal, temporal and occipital, baseoccipital, basespheniod, palatine and incisive bones have been ossified but, the ossification has not yet completed in frontal, parietal and maxilla
Real-Time PCR for direct detection of Clostridium perfringens from horse with enterocolitis infection
Authors: Alwan Jabbar A. , Al-zaidy Ali A. , Abbas Kadhim H.
Published: August 2023

Clostridium perfringens is one of the most important causative agents of enterocolitis infection in horses. This bacterium capable to produce potential enterotoxin that cause  diarrhea in  horses. This study was aimed to molecular identification of Clostridium perfringens from horses infected by diarrhea by using Real-Time PCR technique. The  Clostridium perfringens type C  was  identified  by using specific primers for enterotoxin (CPE) gene that designed in this study using NCBI-Genbank data base (Genbank code: GQ225719.1)  and primer3 plus for primer design. The results show that prevalence of infection by     Clostridium perfringens type C was (40%)  of 12 positive samples out of 30 fecal samples. This study  demonstrated that the direct Real-Time PCR technique is a highly specific and  rapid tool for the detection Clostridium perfringens.
Effect of different flax diet concentrations on body weight gain and some of blood parameters of Awassi sheep
Authors: AL-Khafaji Muneer Wahab  Saeed
Published: August 2023

The study was conducted on 40 Awassi sheep through the year 2014 from the flock reared in Faculty of agriculture / Kufa University. Five treatments included levels of flax (0.0, 2, 4, 6 and 8) %. Body weight in three ages (live weight at 6month, at 9months and at 12 months) was evaluated using variance analyses. Results showed a significant effect (p≤ 0.05) of flax in live body weight the highest   BW6, BW9 and BW12 were in the males group that fed with 8% flax it's about 35.22, 46.06 and 58.22 kg respectively compared with the same level of diet flax in female group it's about 30.81, 37.26 and 47.37 kg respectively.                                                                           Results showed no significant effect of flax and sex in blood parameters of Awassi sheep but there were theoretical differences. The highest   total protein value was in male group that fed on 8% of flax its about 74.50 gm/L while the highest value of total lipids was found in the same group it's about 1.56 g/L. The highest value of urea was in male blood that fed on 6% of flax and the highest value of blood cholesterol was found in male group that fed on 8% of flax, it's about 11.28 and 2.51 respectively.
Amelioration effect of methanolic extract of Cyperus rotundus on type 2 diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction and gall stone induce by dexamethasone in male rabbits
Authors: AL-Saeed Muna H.
Published: August 2023

The research  investigated the possible involvement of type2 diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction and gall stone induce by dexamethasone, and therapeutic effect of   Cyperus rotundus as   antidiabetic potential. This study was carried out in the animal house of the College of Veterinary Medicine - Basrah University. The rabbit was used as a model to study the effects of type2 diabetes mellitus thyroid dysfunction and gall stone induce by dexamethasone,   Twenty-four healthy adult  domestic rabbits were divided randomly into four groups.   The first group (C) had been regarded as control each rabbit in the control group was drenched 3ml of normal saline daily by using gastric tube for 15 days. The second group (DEX) was drenched (0.35 mg / Kg B.W. single dosage) of dexamethasone tablets which were powdered, dissolved in 3ml of normal saline daily for  15 days. The third group (DEX + Cyperus rotunus) was drenched (0.35 mg / Kg B.W. single dosage) of dexamethasone   and Cyperus rotunus 0.5g / Kg B.W. single dosage, dissolved in 3ml of normal saline daily for  15 days. The forth group (Cyperus rotunus) was drenched ( 0.5g / Kg B.W. single dosage) of Cyperus rotunus, dissolved in 3ml of normal saline daily for  15 days.
Cyperus rotundus was administered to -induced hyperglycaemic male rabbit and the alterations in serum concentrations of thyroid hormones, total cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting glucose were studied. Simultaneously changes in lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione (GSH) content, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in serum (which are commonly affected in diabetes mellitus), were also investigated. Administration of dexamethasone (0.35mg/kg/day orally for 15 days) caused hyperglycaemia with a parallel increase in serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and  lipid peroxidation with a decrease in serum levels of both the thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine, T3 and thyroxine, T4).  
However, Cyperus rotundus administration (0.5 g/kg/day orally for 15 days) along with an equivalent amount of dexamethasone reverted most of these changes, including a marked an increase in the serum levels of both thyroid hormones. The present findings reveal that the test  extract ameliorates corticosteroid-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus through an increase in serum thyroid hormone concentrations.
Study Immune and productive treatise for broiler vaccinatedwith infectious bursal disease vaccine (IBD vaccine) after added boron powder to the feed
Authors: Ali B. H. , Hamood M. F. , Ali E. J.
Published: August 2023

This study was performed to investigate changes in growth performance, blood Pictures, weights of internal organs and immune response to infectious bursal disease(IBD vaccine) of broilers fed different levels of Boron (100mg, 200mg and 300mg/kg) in feed from 1 week to 4weeks. 150 broiler chicks (one day old) were randomly divided into five  equal groups (each group contain 30), as following: first group ,(G1) was received 100 mg/kg of Boron, second group (G2) was received 200 mg/ kg of Boron, third group, (G3) was received 300 mg/ kg of Boron and fourth group (G4) was not received Boron in feed Just take IBD  vaccine and consider as control positive, (G5) was not received Boron in feed and consider as control negative , four groups only vaccinated with IBD vaccine at 10 and 18 day sold, Growth performance of the chicks (Body weight, weight gain and feed intake  )were weekly determined, at the end of experiment weights of internal organs (,kidney, spleen  and bursa of fabricius) were determined and Blood samples were collected to measured    antibody titers (Ab)titers against IBD vaccine by ELISA test ,total protein and  determined blood pictures(RBCs, PCV,WBCS,H/L ratio), The results of this study showed that body weight, weight gain, feed intake, , total protein, blood pictures and Ab titers were highly significant  increase (p<0.01) in G2 as compared to control group followed by G1 respectively in all weeks. Whereas the weights of internal organs (kidney, bursa of fabricius and spleen ) were significant increase in G3, G2 and G1 respectively. In conclusion, the results indicated that 100mg/kg.feed,200mg.kg.feed levels of Boron supplemented diet of broiler chicken caused improvement of blood parameters growth performance, there's no inhibition of the immunity response of chickens against IBD vaccine.
Isolation and Identification Vibrio parahaemolyticus Which Causing Black Skin Lesion From Golden Fish
Authors: Al-Darwesh Ali adnan , Al-Zamily Khalid Y. , F. Bushra H. , Abbas Nadheema Abed
Published: August 2023

The aim of this research was aimed to isolate and diagnose the Vibrio. Parahaemolyticus that cause black skin lesion from golden fish and study the histopathological changes in the skin and fins. Seventy-two samples of gold fish were taken  from Ornamental Fish markets in Al- Najaf city, The bacteria was diagnosed through culture on  normal and special media  then conducted by biochemical tests as well as the examination was conducted by API20. The samples of fins and skin were examined for histopathological examination, Histopathologically indecated the presence of degeneration and necrosis of the muscles  fibers as well  odema were seen in  interstitial tissue, , congestion and hemorrhage were recorded in the same area  with  the presence of infiltration of inflammatory cells among the skeletal muscle. This study concluded that V. parahaemolyticus  are responsible for the  severe histopathological changes in all organs of infected fishes
Study The Analgesic And Anti-Inflammatory Activity Of Zingiber Officinale Rhizome Extract Comparison With Ibuprofen In Male Mice
Authors: Chyad Amer Hakeem , Ibrahim Omar Salim , Hameed Ahmmed
Published: August 2023

The aim of the present study was to explore the probable analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of  ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale  by using Hot plate test , acetic acid – induced writhing and  Carrageenan induced inflammation in male mice. Thirty Albino male mice (average weight 20g) were used and randomly divided in this study (six animals were used in each groups test for Zingiber officinale  in doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg B.W, Ibuprofen 20mg/kg B.W and control ( gave distilled water).The results were expressed as the Mean ±SEM and the statistical significance of differences between groups was analyzed by two Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) . The extract  showed a significant inhibition of  writhing response and increase in hot plate reaction time and also caused significant decrease P<0.05 in paw oedema that induced by Carrageenan comparable with Ibuprofen that standard drugs used. We can conclude from the outcome of the present work that Zingiber officinale extract exert an excellent analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect in the mice and exhibit peripheral and central analgesic effect and anti-inflammatory activity, which may be attributed to the various phytochemicals present in rhizomes of  Zingiber officinale  .