bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How We Evaluate Postgraduate Medical E-Learning: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: de Leeuw Robert , de Soet Anneloes , van der Horst Sabine , Walsh Kieran , Westerman Michiel , Scheele Fedde
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

Electronic learning (e-learning) in postgraduate medical education has seen a rapid evolution; however, we tend to evaluate it only on its primary outcome or learning aim, whereas its effectiveness also depends on its instructional design. We believe it is important to have an overview of all the methods currently used to evaluate e-learning design so that the preferred method may be identified and the next steps needed to continue to evaluate postgraduate medical e-learning may be outlined.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to identify and compare the outcomes and methods used to evaluate postgraduate medical e-learning.

METHODS

We performed a systematic literature review using the Web of Science, PubMed, Education Resources Information Center, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases. Studies that used postgraduates as participants and evaluated any form of e-learning were included. Studies without any evaluation outcome (eg, just a description of e-learning) were excluded.

RESULTS

The initial search identified 5973 articles, of which we used 418 for our analysis. The types of studies were trials, prospective cohorts, case reports, and reviews. The primary outcomes of the included studies were knowledge, skills, and attitude. A total of 12 instruments were used to evaluate a specific primary outcome, such as laparoscopic skills or stress related to training. The secondary outcomes mainly evaluated satisfaction, motivation, efficiency, and usefulness. We found 13 e-learning design methods across 19 studies (4% 19/418). The methods evaluated usability, motivational characteristics, and the use of learning styles or were based on instructional design theories, such as Gagne’s instructional design, the Heidelberg inventory, Kern’s curriculum development steps, and a scale based on the cognitive load theory. Finally, 2 instruments attempted to evaluate several aspects of a design, based on the experience of creating e-learning.

CONCLUSIONS

Evaluating the effect of e-learning design is complicated. Given the diversity of e-learning methods, there are many ways to carry out such an evaluation, and probably, many ways to do so correctly. However, the current literature shows us that we have yet to reach any form of consensus about which indicators to evaluate. There is a great need for an evaluation tool that is properly constructed, validated, and tested. This could be a more homogeneous way to compare the effects of e-learning and for the authors of e-learning to continue to improve their product.
Difference Between Users and Nonusers of a Patient Portal in Health Behaviors and Outcomes: Retrospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Huang Jing , Chen Yong , Landis J Richard , Mahoney Kevin B
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

Patient portals are frequently used in modern health care systems as an engagement and communication tool. An increased focus on the potential value of these communication channels to improve health outcomes is warranted.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aimed to quantify the impact of portal use on patients’ preventive health behavior and chronic health outcomes.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study of 10,000 patients aged 50 years or older who were treated at the University of Pennsylvania Health System (UPHS) from September 1, 2014, to October 31, 2016. The data were sourced from the UPHS electronic health records. We investigated the association between patient portal use and patients’ preventive health behaviors or chronic health outcomes, controlling for confounders using a novel cardinality matching approach based on propensity scoring and a subsequent bootstrapping method to estimate the variance of association estimates.

RESULTS

Patient-level characteristics differed substantially between portal users, comprising approximately 59.32% (5932/10000) of the cohort, and nonusers. On average, users were more likely to be younger (63.46 years for users vs 66.08 years for nonusers), white (72.77% [4317/5932] for users vs 52.58% [2139/4068] for nonusers), have commercial insurance (60.99% [3618/5932] for users vs 40.12% [1632/4068] for nonusers), and have higher annual incomes (US $74,172/year for users vs US $62,940/year for nonusers). Even after adjusting for these potential confounders, patient portal use had a positive and clinically meaningful impact on patients’ preventive health behaviors but not on chronic health outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

This paper contributes to the understanding of the impact of patient portal use on health outcomes and is the first study to identify a meaningful subgroup of patients’ health behaviors that improved with portal use. These findings may encourage providers to promote portal use to improve patients’ preventive health behaviors.
The Relationship Between Nomophobia and Maladaptive Coping Styles in a Sample of Italian Young Adults: Insights and Implications From a Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bragazzi Nicola Luigi , Re Tania Simona , Zerbetto Riccardo
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

Information technologies have become an integral part of the modern society; however, it is speculated that their overuse would result in addiction. Nomophobia refers to the irrational fear of being out of contact with virtual communication platforms. Generally, upon exposure to stress, humans adjust by employing cognitive mechanisms and behavioral efforts known as coping strategies.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of the research was to explore coping styles implemented in subjects with nomophobia.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional study involving young adult participants (undergraduate students and younger subjects) who were recruited via an online survey using a snowball approach. The Italian version of the Nomophobia Questionnaire was administered to subjects. The measurement of coping styles was done using the 28-item Brief COPE questionnaire. Continuous data were computed as means and standard deviations, whereas categorical data were expressed as percentages, where appropriate. Correlation analysis was performed between the Nomophobia Questionnaire and Brief COPE scores. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted in order to shed light on the determinants of each coping style and its association with nomophobia.

RESULTS

A total of 403 subjects took part in the study. Subjects with higher nomophobia scores responded when confronted with stress with behavioral disengagement (r=.16, P<.001), denial (r=.19, P<.001), self-blame (r=.12, P=.02), self-distraction (r=.22, P<.001), venting (r=.28, P<.001), use of emotional (r=.25, P<.001), and instrumental support (r=.16, P=.001).

CONCLUSION

Nomophobia subjects adopt maladaptive coping strategies when confronted with stress. The acknowledgment of how nomophobia subjects react provides insight and introduces a focus for preventative and interventional measures in this population.
Effects of Molidustat in the Treatment of Anemia in CKD
Authors: Macdougall Iain C. , Akizawa Tadao , Berns Jeffrey S. , Bernhardt Thomas , Krueger Thilo
Published: December 2018

Background and objectives

The efficacy and safety of molidustat, a hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, have been evaluated in three 16-week, phase 2b studies in patients with CKD and anemia who are not on dialysis (DaIly orAL treatment increasing endOGenoUs Erythropoietin [DIALOGUE] 1 and 2) and in those who are on dialysis (DIALOGUE 4).

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

DIALOGUE 1 was a placebo-controlled, fixed-dose trial (25, 50, and 75 mg once daily; 25 and 50 mg twice daily). DIALOGUE 2 and 4 were open-label, variable-dose trials, in which treatment was switched from darbepoetin (DIAGLOGUE 2) or epoetin (DIALOGUE 4) to molidustat or continued with the original agents. Starting molidustat ranged between 25–75 and 25–150 mg daily in DIAGLOGUE 2 and 4, respectively, and could be titrated to maintain hemoglobin levels within predefined target ranges. The primary end point was the change in hemoglobin level between baseline and the mean value from the last 4 weeks of the treatment period.

Results

In DIAGLOGUE 1 (n=121), molidustat treatment was associated with estimated increases in mean hemoglobin levels of 1.4–2.0 g/dl. In DIAGLOGUE 2 (n=124), hemoglobin levels were maintained within the target range after switching to molidustat, with an estimated difference in mean change in hemoglobin levels between molidustat and darbepoetin treatments of up to 0.6 g/dl. In DIAGLOGUE 4 (n=199), hemoglobin levels were maintained within the target range after switching to molidustat 75 and 150 mg, with estimated differences in mean change between molidustat and epoetin treatment of −0.1 and 0.4 g/dl. Molidustat was generally well tolerated, and most adverse events were mild or moderate in severity.

Conclusions

The overall phase 2 efficacy and safety profile of molidustat in patients with CKD and anemia enables the progression of its development into phase 3.
Effects of Dapagliflozin on Circulating Markers of Phosphate Homeostasis
Authors: de Jong Maarten A. , Petrykiv Sergei I. , Laverman Gozewijn D. , van Herwaarden Antonius E. , de Zeeuw Dick , Bakker Stephan J.L. , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , de Borst Martin H.
Published: December 2018

Background and objectives

The sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor dapagliflozin is a novel drug for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Recent studies suggest that SGLT-2 inhibitors affect phosphate homeostasis, but their effects on phosphate-regulating hormones in patients with diabetic kidney disease are still unclear.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We performed a post-hoc analysis of a double-blind, randomized, crossover trial in patients with type 2 diabetes with early-stage diabetic kidney disease on stable renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockade, with an albumin-to-creatinine ratio between 100 and 3500 mg/g, eGFR≥45 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and glycosylated hemoglobin≥7.2% and <11.4%. Patients were randomized to dapagliflozin 10 mg/d or placebo during consecutive 6-week study periods, separated by a 6-week wash-out. We investigated effects on circulating phosphate, calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D) levels.

Results

Thirty-one patients (age 62 years; 23% female) were analyzed. Compared with placebo, dapagliflozin increased serum phosphate by 9% (95% confidence interval, 4% to 15%; P=0.002), PTH increased by 16% (3% to 30%; P=0.01), FGF23 increased by 19% (0.3% to 42%; P=0.05), and serum 1,25(OH)2D decreased by −12% (−25% to 4%; P=0.12). Calcium and 25(OH)D were unaffected. We found no correlation between changes in markers of phosphate homeostasis and changes in eGFR or 24-hour albumin excretion during dapagliflozin treatment.

Conclusions

Dapagliflozin increases serum phosphate, plasma PTH, and FGF23. This effect was independent of concomitant changes in eGFR or 24-hour albumin excretion.
Impact of Team Leadership Habitual Domains on Ambidextrous Innovation
Authors: Ye Xinwei , Feng Junwen , Ma Lei , Huang Xiaojing
Published: December 2018

We studied the formation of leaders' habitual behaviors and the impact of leaders' existing and potential capabilities on ambidextrous (i.e., exploitative and exploratory) innovation activities. Leadership habitual domain (LHD) theory was applied from an endogenous perspective to analyze
the impact mechanism of LHD on ambidextrous innovation via the mediating role of dynamic capabilities. We used structural equation modeling to test data collected from 205 team leaders in East China. Results showed that LHD was positively associated with both exploitative and exploratory innovation,
and that dynamic capabilities mediated these relationships. Thus, team leaders should renew, reconfigure, and expand their LHD by sensing and seizing opportunities when implementing ambidextrous innovation.
Relationships Between Self-Leadership, Commitment to Exercise, and Exercise Adherence Among Sport Participants
Authors: Bum Chul-Ho
Published: December 2018

I investigated the structural relationships between self-leadership, exercise commitment, and exercise adherence intention with a sample of 280 sport participants. My analysis of the questionnaires that participants completed showed that, first, the 3 factors of self-leadership (behavior-focused
strategies, natural reward strategies, and constructive thought pattern strategies) significantly influenced sport participants' commitment to exercise. Second, both cognitive and behavioral commitment significantly strengthened sport participants' exercise adherence intention. In terms of
indirect effects, the impact of the 3 factors of self-leadership on exercise adherence intention was mediated by exercise commitment. My results suggest that strengthening sport participants' self-management contributes to improving exercise commitment and adherence, thus verifying the importance
of individual self-leadership.
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Authors: Rawson Nigel S.B.
Published: December 2018

Author's response to comments from Dr Lexchin's Letter to the Editor regarding our article.
APLIKASI TEKNIK DEMULSIFIKASI PEMBENTUKAN KRIM DALAM PEMURNIAN MDAG YANG DIPRODUKSI SECARA GLISEROLISIS
Authors: Mursalin Mursalin , Lavlinesia Lavlinesia , Yernisa Yernisa
Published: December 2018

Teknik pemisahan residu gliserol dari MDAG yang diproduksi dengan cara gliserolisis paling efektif adalah dengan menggunakan Short Path Distillation (SPD) atau distilasi molekuler yang masih merupakan teknologi mahal dan canggih sehingga sulit untuk diaplikasikan secara luas.  Ekstraksi dan fraksinasi menggunakan pelarut merupakan teknik pemisahan residu gliserol yang lain, teknik ini telah dikembangkan oleh beberapa peneliti, tetapi panjangnya prosedur pengerjaan dan adanya kemungkinan sisa pelarut dalam produk akhir menjadi kendala tersendiri. Penelitian ini mempelajari pemisahan residu gliserol dari MDAG hasil proses gliserolisis melalui proses demulsifikasi pembentukan krim dengan atau tanpa penambahan larutan pada berbagai suhu minyak sehingga terbentuk krim dan skim yang mudah dipisahkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemisahan gliserol dari sistem emulsinya, dengan metode demulsifikasi pembentukan krim paling efektif jika dilakukan pada suhu tinggi (65oC) karena pada suhu tersebut minyak memiliki densitas yang paling rendah dan akan berada pada bagian atas dalam reaktor pemisah residu gliserol saat sistem emulsinya mengalami instabilitas (creaming) sehingga lebih mudah dipisahkan.  Pemurnian MDAG dengan cara demulsifikasi pembentukan krim tanpa penambahan air hanya mampu menurunkan kandungan gliserol maksimal sebesar 37%; sisa gliserol yang masih berada dalam produk akhir sekitar 9.17% dirasakan masih terlalu tinggi untuk dapat dikatakan sebagai MDAG murni.  Pemurnian dengan cara demulsifikasi pembentukan krim dengan penambahan air suling menghasilkan MDAG dengan kandungan gliserol berkisar aintara 4.05—6.59%.  Pemurnian dengan cara demulsifikasi pembentukan krim dengan penambahan larutan elektrolit menghasilkan MDAG dengan kandungan gliserol berkisar antara 1.94—1.95% (tanpa proses sentrifugasi) dan 0.02-0.05% (dengan sentrifugasi 2000 rpm selama 5 menit).
COMPLIANCE WITH IFRS REQUIRED DISCLOSURE AND ANALYSTS’ FORECAST ERRORS: EVIDENCE FROM BRAZIL
Authors: Santos Edilene Santana , Silva Flávia Almeida Morato da , Sheng Hsia Hua , Lora Mayra Ivanoff
Published: December 2018

We analyze the relationship between analysts' earnings forecast errors and Brazilian listed firms’ compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) required disclosure. Through analysis of a panel data, we examine whether the variance in the Brazilian firms’ disclosure compliance levels in the Notes to Financial Statements for 2010 and 2012 affects analysts’ earnings forecast errors for 2011 and 2013, respectively, finding a significant negative relationship between these variables. By performing a compliance level analysis per firm, our study considers whether and to what extent firms effectively disclose as required by IFRS (as “IFRS serious adopters”), distinguishing them from firms that mere formally adopt IFRS (as “IFRS label adopters”), without effectively complying with it. Following other studies, we use four alternative models to measure the disclosure compliance level per firm, and we do not find significant improvement in the firms’ disclosure levels from 2010 to 2012, except if we use the most tolerant model.  By this approach, our research contributes to clarify the impact of IFRS adoption on analysts’ forecast accuracy, as other studies that use only binary variables (analysts’ forecasts before and after IFRS adoption) have found contradictory results. Our findings confirm other studies on the international accounting convergence in other countries, emphasizing that compliance is at least as important as the simply formal IFRS adoption. This corroborates the relevance of enforcement mechanisms to induce firms to better comply with IFRS, thus to better attain the economic benefits expected from its adoption.
Undecanol-ethanol-water ternary system based microextraction for the detection of cadmium
Authors: Urucu Oya , Yetimoglu Ece , Donmez Seyda , Deniz Sabahattin
Published: December 2018

An eco-friendly, simple, and sensitive solidification of floating organic drop based dispersive liquid?liquid microextraction (SFODME) procedure was introduced for the separation and preconcentration of cadmium. After 2-(5-bromo- -2-pyridylazo)-5-(diethylamino)phenol (5-Br-PADAP) was complexed with cadmium ions in sample, the undecanol?ethanol?water ternary system was used as an organic solvent for extraction. The main factors relevant to the microextraction efficiency such as pH, concentration of 5-Br-PADAP, amount of extraction solvent were optimized. The detection limit is 0.01 ?g L-1 along with preconcentration factor 266. The recovery of the analyte was between 98 % and 103 %, with relative standard deviation below 6 %. The developed procedure was successfully tested on the analysis of water, hair dye, and food samples.
Does Audit Firm Tenure Matter to Audit Committee Members? Evidence from an Accounting Dispute
Authors: Rummell Janice E. , DeZoort F. Todd , Hermanson Dana R.
Published: December 2018

SYNOPSIS

This study examines the effects of Big 4 audit firm tenure on audit committee member support for the auditor in an auditor/management dispute over a subjective accounting issue. One hundred eighteen U.S. public company audit committee members participated in an experiment with audit firm tenure (short/long) manipulated randomly between subjects. The results indicate that participants in the long audit firm tenure group provide more support for the auditor in the dispute than participants in the short tenure group. Audit committee support for the auditor is positively related to audit committee member experience and CPA status, as well as perceived management pressure to meet analyst expectations, but negatively related to perceived management experience in financial reporting. Finally, audit committee members' perceptions of audit firm reliability (i.e., credibility and dependability) mediate the audit firm tenure-auditor support relation. Overall, our results suggest enhanced audit committee support for longer-tenured auditors.
Entrevista com Antonio Miguel
Authors: Brito Arlete De Jesus , Botello Islenis Carolina
Published: December 2018

ResumoO texto aqui apresentado trata-se de uma entrevista realizada com o professor Antonio Miguel. Nela, o professor, além de narrar sobre sua formação e suas experiências como docente de matemática, nos fornece uma visão sobre a educação e o ensino de matemática entre as décadas de 1970 e os anos 1990. Além disso, aborda o que seria a matemática, para ele, a partir do referencial de Wittgenstein. Para realizarmos essa entrevista, nos apoiamos em pressupostos da História Oral.Palavras-chave: História; Educação Matemática; Antonio Miguel.AbstractThis paper presents professor Antonio Miguel’s interview. The professor told about his professional education and his experiences as mathematics educator. Besides this, he supplies us an over vision about the educational context and the mathematics teaching between 1970 and 1990. Lastly, he approaches what would be the mathematics for him and to this, he uses Wittgenstein’s theories. To organize this interview, we use Oral History.Keywords: History; Mathematics Education; Antonio Miguel.
MAIO DE 1968 NA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARANÁ (UFPR)
Authors: CAMPOS NÉVIO DE , SOUZA ELIEZER FELIX DE
Published: December 2018

Este artigo objetiva discutir o Maio de 1968 na Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), privilegiando um olhar sobre o movimento universitário estudantil. Esse acontecimento é tomado como resultado de eventos anteriores e como abertura de possíveis, isto é, o Maio de 68 é explicado na correlação com os acontecimentos antecedentes e com os horizontes de expectativa que mobilizavam aqueles jovens estudantes. Apoia-se nas fontes arquivadas pela Delegacia de Ordem Política e Social (DOPS) que serviram para fichar e processar as lideranças estudantis e nas atas do Conselho Universitário da UFPR, na tentativa de mostrar as ações dos estudantes e as formas repressivas postas em prática pelas autoridades universitárias e policiais.
ENGELS E A IGUALDADE JURÍDICA: NOTAS ACERCA DA QUESTÃO DA SECULARIZAÇÃO DA VISÃO DE MUNDO TEOLÓGICA NO DIREITO
Authors: SARTORI VITOR BARTOLETTI
Published: December 2018

Trataremos da questão da igualdade em Friedrich Engels. Para tanto, procuraremos demonstrar que há na obra do autor uma correlação importante entre a emergência do capitalismo, a luta de classes, a religião e o Direito. Ao passo que a religião teria sido a veste pela qual a burguesia teria travado suas primeiras batalhas, a esfera jurídica estaria relacionada às lutas proletárias em um primeiro momento. Ocorre, porém, que, segundo Engels, tal qual a religião não se conforma como o terreno da burguesia, o Direito não se coloca como o terreno do moderno proletariado. Ao tratar da questão da secularização da visão teológica do mundo, explicitaremos as continuidades e descontinuidades existentes, segundo Engels, entre a visão de mundo teológica e a jurídica
DA CADEIA DE AFEIÇÃO À DESFILIAÇÃO: CRIADOS DOMÉSTICOS EM SÃO PAULO NOS ANOS 1920
Authors: BIROLLI MARIA IZABEL DE AZEVEDO MARQUES
Published: December 2018

Este artigo analisa os usos, e os abusos, que se fez de dois dispositivos jurídicos presentes nas legislações luso-brasileiras por mais de três séculos - a Tutela Dativa e o Contrato de Soldada – suporte legal de uma prática de longuíssima duração no Brasil, o de criar filhos alheios como criados domésticos. A hipótese dessa pesquisa é que a rede público-privada de criadagem que se formou no Brasil desde a Colônia entra em crise nos anos 20, porque não era mais capaz de cumprir suas funções de assimilar a infância pobre e trabalhadora, como fez no passado, e de responder às expectativas das famílias migrantes que mobilizavam o trabalho de todos os seus membros, e esperavam das famílias protetoras mais do que casa e comida como paga pelo trabalho dos filhos
Pasteur nos Livros Didáticos de Biologia do Ensino Médio aprovados no PNLD: uma análise histórica sobre a abordagem da origem da vida e o metabolismo
Authors: Crudeli Ricardo Brasil , Viana Helio Elael Bonini
Published: December 2018

ResumoEste artigo dedica-se a investigar abordagem de dois dos trabalhos de Louis Pasteur – a geração espontânea e a fermentação – nos livros didáticos (LDs) de Biologia aprovados pelo Plano Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD), focando nos capítulos que abordam a origem da vida e o metabolismo. Para tanto, estes livros foram analisados qualitativamente (confrontando a abordagem desses LDs com fontes primárias e secundárias) e quantitativamente (seguindo a metodologia estabelecida por Leite, contemplando as “visões deformadas da Ciência” delineadas por Cachapuz). Nesse contexto, foi verificado que os LDs analisados associam, de forma inadequada, o químico Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) a um cientista que refutou a teoria da geração espontânea e sequer mencionam sua participação para a construção das ideias sobre a fermentação. Estes resultados caminham na contramão de estudos de casos históricos realizados sobre o tema, os quais nos mostram que a posição de Pasteur no episódio da geração espontânea está diretamente relacionada aos seus estudos anteriores sobre fermentação, envolvendo os seus posicionamentos político, social e religioso.Palavras-chave: Louis Pasteur; geração espontânea; fermentação; livro didático.AbstractThis article is dedicated to investigate the approach of two works made by Louis Pasteur - in didatic books os Biology approved by the National Plane of Didatic Books (PNLD), focusing in the chapters that discuss the origin of life and metabolism. Therefore, these books were analized qualitatively (dealing the approach of these books with primary and secundary sources) and quantitatively (following the methodology presented in Leite, contemplating the “deformed visions of Science” outlined by Cachapuz). In this context, it was verified that the LDs analyzed associate the chemist Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) with a scientist who refuted the theory of spontaneous generation and did not even mention his participation in the construction of ideas about fermentation. These results are in contrast to historical case studies on the subject, which show us that Pasteur's position in the episode of spontaneous generation is directly related to his previous studies on fermentation, involving his political, social and religious positions.   Keywords: Louis Pasteur; spontaneous generation; fermentation; textbook.
ANTIOKSIDAN PADA PRODUK TAHU HASIL KOAGULASI MENGGUNAKAN BIJI KELOR (Moringa oleifera L.)
Authors: Putri Selly Harnesa , Ardiansah Irfan , Hanidah In-in
Published: December 2018

Saat ini Indonesia menjadi salah satu negara pengekspor biji kelor. Terkait manfaatnya yang besar di pasaran, minyak kelor memiliki harga jual yang tinggi terutama di pasar bebas internasional. Nilai ekspor minyak biji kelor sebesar 129.839 ton dan mengalami pertumbuhan rata-rata 15% setiap tahunnya. Selain pemanfaatan biji kelor yang dijadikan minyak nabati, bagian biji dari tanaman kelor ini juga dapat dimanffaatkan sebagai bahan koagulan alami yang membantu proses koagulasi. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pemanfaatan biji kelor sebagai koagulan alami dengan nilai tambah antioksidan. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH dengan metode ekstraksi maserasi menggunakan tiga pelarut berbeda. Metode ekstraksi ini dipilih karena memiliki tingkat kemurnian ekstrak yang sangat tinggi. Perlakuan yang diberikan berupa perbedaan kosentrasi koagulan. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan nilai IC50, maka didapatkan nilai IC50 tertinggi adalah sampel D dan nilai IC50 terendah adalah sampel B ( B < A < C < D). Nilai IC50 yang rendah menunjukkan bahwa sampel tersebut memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi, nilai IC50 yang paling rendah adalah sampel B, yaitu 722,01 ppm sehingga dapat dikatakan jika sampel B memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan ketiga sampel lainnya. Sampel B adalah tahu yang dibuat dengan konsentrasi biji kelor 50 % untukproses koagulasi tahu.Kata Kunci: antioksidan, DPPH, biji kelor
Familia y trabajo rural en la Argentina contemporánea: una mirada desde Concepción del Uruguay
Authors: Bergara Rogelio
Published: December 2018

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal reconstruir parte de la cotidianeidad laboral y social del denominado “mundo chacarero” a partir del estudio de caso del matrimonio Bergara-Marín y sus hijos e hijas en el tiempo que desarrollaron actividades productivas en carácter de “colonos-arrendatarios” en la estancia Centella, situada en el Departamento de Uruguay; en la provincia de Entre Ríos. El marco temporal se extiende desde principios de la década de 1930 hasta el año 1968.

El trabajo de alambrador, las cosechas, la producción familiar, la crianza de animales domésticos, la mantención del hogar y el proceso de urbanización familiar son el cuerpo fundamental del trabajo en cuanto a la reafirmación de identidades y lazos familiares que permiten la reconstrucción de la cotidianeidad del denominado “mundo chacarero”.
PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT DALAM TINJAUAN UU RI NO. 23 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH
Authors: Abdullah Muh Ruslan
Published: December 2018

Based on data obtained from BAZNAS, Indonesia has a zakat potential of 217 trillion per year, but its realization is only about Rp 6 trillion per year. This condition requires the government to think about how to effectively increase the collection of zakat. One of the strategic steps taken by the government is to issue Law No. 23 of 2011 on the Management of Zakat. However, the law has not been able to maximize the performance of BAZNAS/LAZ and persuade people to pay zakat. On the contrary, Law No. RI. 23 of 2014 Regarding local governance can improve the management of zakat in BAZNAS, and sanction against muzakki who do not give the zakat.
The Effect of the Rate of Longitudinal Compression on Selected Wood Properties
Authors: Báder Mátyás , Németh Róbert
Published: December 2018

Longitudinal compression of wood and relaxation after compression (held compressed for a while) is called pleating and results in improved bending properties. The examinations conducted on the longitudinal compression of air-dried oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) and beech wood specimens (Fagus sylvatica L.) revealed the effects of different compression rates (10, 20, 40, 60 mm/min). The comparison of the various treatment methods showed that the stress in wood specimens during longitudinal compression increases with the rising compression rate. The remaining length reduction due to pleating slightly decreases and the bending modulus of elasticity increases at higher compression rates. The highest deflection of the specimens during the 4-point bending tests lowers with the increasing compression rate, while the change of modulus of rupture is negligible. Taking into account the differences between these results and the industrial effectiveness of the treatment according to the compression rates, it can be stated that a procedure with a higher rate should be preferred.
Use of classification and regression trees (CART) for analyzing determinants of winter wheat yield variation among fields in Poland
Authors: Iwańska M. , Oleksy A. , Dacko M. , Skowera B. , Oleksiak T. , Wójcik-Gront E.
Published: December 2018

Wheat is one of the modern world’s staple food sources. Its production requires good environmental conditions, which are not always available. However, agricultural practices may mitigate the effects of unfavorable weather or poor-quality soils. The influence of environmental and crop management variables on yield can be evaluated only based on representative long-term data collected on farms through well-prepared surveys.The authors of this work analyzed variation in winter wheat yield among 3868 fields in western and eastern Poland for 12 years, as dependent on both soil/weather and crop management factors, using the classification and regression tree (CART) method. The most important crop management deficiencies which may cause low wheat yields are insufficient use of fungicides, phosphorus deficiency, non-optimal date of sowing, poor quality of seeds, failure to apply herbicides, lack of crop rotation, and use of cultivars of unknown origin not suitable for the region. Environmental variables of great importance for the obtaining of high yields include large farm size (10 ha or larger) and good-quality soils with stable pH. This study makes it possible to propose strategies supporting more effective winter wheat production based on the identification of characteristics that are crucial for wheat cultivation in a given region.
Robust H
∞ Filtering for Neutral Systems with Multi-Delay and Application in the Flexible System
Authors: Fu Xingjian , Pang Xinrui , Huang Yinghua
Published: December 2018

The residual vibrations in flexible structure system model can cause errors. In addition, the parameters in the system are also changed. For the problem of residual vibration, robust H∞ filter is designed for neutral systems with multi-delay. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, the sufficient condition for the existence of filter is given. For the permitted uncertainty and multi-delay, the designed filter can guarantee the robust asymptotically stability and satisfy H∞ performance index for the filtering error dynamic system. Finally, the designed filter is applied to the flexible system, and the result shows that the filter is effective.
Developmental and biochemical analyses of in vitro drought stress response in ornamental European Bluestar (Amsonia orientalis Decne.)
Authors: Acemi Arda , Duman Yonca Avcı , Karakus Yonca Yuzugullu , Özen Fazıl
Published: December 2018

This study aimed to investigate the effects of drought stress on Amsonia orientalis, an endangered ornamental plant with a limited natural distribution in Europe. Effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated drought stress (-0.15, -0.49, -1.03 and -1.76 MPa osmotic potentials) were tested on in vitro cultures. In general, root lengths and numbers, total protein, chlorophyll a and carotenoid contents were negatively influenced at elevated levels of the stress factor. The successive decrease in the tested osmotic potentials resulted in gradually higher H2O2, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline contents. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes, peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), were found to be enhanced in response to the decreasing osmotic potential tested, whereas increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was observed at the -0.15 MPa osmotic potential. Strong activation of POD enzymes under drought stress suggests that POD enzymes might have a major role in regulating the H2O2 content, while CAT has only a supplementary role in A. orientalis. These results indicated that although A. orientalis is susceptible to long-term drought, the species may survive during mild drought stress because the development of the plant was not totally inhibited but only limited. Nevertheless, the species should be introduced to well-irrigated lands, after evaluation of the soil’s water status, in order to ensure the continuation of its generations.
Multiculturalism and Ostalgie
Authors: Figus Alessandro , Pisaniello Andrea , Mustica Stefano
Published: December 2018

“Ostalgie” is coming from a German word referring to nostalgia for aspects of life in East Germany, and not only. It is a new multipurpose and new expression related the German terms “Nostalgie” (nostalgia in Italian) and Ost (East). Its anglicised equivalent, ostalgia, it is rhyming with “nostalgia” and it is also sometimes used. The collapse of Soviet Union and the Berlin Wall destruction, was the concept protected concrete barrier that physically and ideologically divided Berlin from ‘61 to ’89, It especially divided West and East European countries, the wall cut off West Berlin from almost all of surrounding East Germany and East Berlin until government officials opened it in November 1989. Formally its demolition began on 13 June 1990 and finished in 1992 and coincides in some generation from the Warsaw Pact countries, legally the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation with the “Mutual Assistance” URSS of the birth of “ostalgie”, that it goes against with modern principle of multicultural society and globalisation of the world. At the eighth congress of the communist party Lenin recognized the right to self-determination of the populations of the empire and promised them significant concessions, although its final intent was to reach the true dictatorship of the proletariat which would have rendered the ethnic-national distinctions useless. The Soviet Union became the incubator of new nations with the dissolving of the Russian nation in the Soviet state. Does the “ostalgie” refer to the USSR, is this compatible with multiculturalism? Is it compatible with that plurality of tending different cultures that coexists in mutual respect and which implies the preservation of their specific traits by rejecting any type of homologation or fusion in the dominant culture?
Synthesizing of models for identification of teletraffic Markov chains by artificial neural networks and decision tree method
Authors: Balabanova Ivelina Stefanova , Georgiev Georgi Ivanov , Sadinov Stanimir Michaylov , Kostadinova Stela Savova
Published: December 2018

Imitation modelling processes of telegraphic systems on the Markov chains with unlimited and limited queues were made. For this purpose, the Java modeling tool simulation environment is used. With a fixed number of client stations and a number of system users, data are accumulated about the telegraphic system parameters as: customer ID, arrival time, server ID and exit system. Artificial neural networks (ANN) with backpropagation algorithm and decision tree (DT) method for identification of the studied Markov chains in MATLAB were applied. Training of the structural identification models to determine of the membership of the obtained parameters in telegraphic simulation to both unlimited and limited systems was carried out. The results of the training and synthesis of ANN and DT models are presented. Sufficient results have been obtained for telegraphic identification confirming the successful application of the proposed synthesized classification models, approximately 91% for DT and 99.2% for ANN.
Data Organisation and Process Design Based on Functional Modularity for a Standard Production Process
Authors: Salgado David , Esteban M. Elisa , Novás Maria , Saldaña Soledad , Sanguiao Luis
Published: December 2018

We propose to use the principles of functional modularity to cope with the essential complexity of statistical production processes. Moving up in the direction of international statistical production standards (GSBPM and GSIM), data organisation and process design under a combination of object-oriented and functional computing paradigms are proposed. The former comprises a standardised key-value pair abstract data model where keys are constructed by means of the structural statistical metadata of the production system. The latter makes extensive use of the principles of functional modularity (modularity, data abstraction, hierarchy, and layering) to design production steps. We provide a proof of concept focusing on an optimisation approach to selective editing applied to real survey data in standard production conditions at the Spanish National Statistics Institute. Several R packages have been prototyped implementing these ideas. We also share diverse aspects arising from the practicalities of the implementation.
Assessing the Quality of Home Detection from Mobile Phone Data for Official Statistics
Authors: Vanhoof Maarten , Reis Fernando , Ploetz Thomas , Smoreda Zbigniew
Published: December 2018

Mobile phone data are an interesting new data source for official statistics. However, multiple problems and uncertainties need to be solved before these data can inform, support or even become an integral part of statistical production processes. In this article, we focus on arguably the most important problem hindering the application of mobile phone data in official statistics: detecting home locations. We argue that current efforts to detect home locations suffer from a blind deployment of criteria to define a place of residence and from limited validation possibilities. We support our argument by analysing the performance of five home detection algorithms (HDAs) that have been applied to a large, French, Call Detailed Record (CDR) data set (~18 million users, five months). Our results show that criteria choice in HDAs influences the detection of home locations for up to about 40% of users, that HDAs perform poorly when compared with a validation data set (resulting in 358-gap), and that their performance is sensitive to the time period and the duration of observation. Based on our findings and experiences, we offer several recommendations for official statistics. If adopted, our recommendations would help ensure more reliable use of mobile phone data vis-à-vis official statistics.
Augmenting Statistical Data Dissemination by Short Quantified Sentences of Natural Language
Authors: Hudec Miroslav , Bednárová Erika , Holzinger Andreas
Published: December 2018

Data from National Statistical Institutes is generally considered an important source of credible evidence for a variety of users. Summarization and dissemination via traditional methods is a convenient approach for providing this evidence. However, this is usually comprehensible only for users with a considerable level of statistical literacy. A promising alternative lies in augmenting the summarization linguistically. Less statistically literate users (e.g., domain experts and the general public), as well as disabled people can benefit from such a summarization. This article studies the potential of summaries expressed in short quantified sentences. Summaries including, for example, “most visits from remote countries are of a short duration” can be immediately understood by diverse users. Linguistic summaries are not intended to replace existing dissemination approaches, but can augment them by providing alternatives for the benefit of diverse users of official statistics. Linguistic summarization can be achieved via mathematical formalization of linguistic terms and relative quantifiers by fuzzy sets. To avoid summaries based on outliers or data with low coverage, a quality criterion is applied. The concept based on linguistic summaries is demonstrated on test interfaces, interpreting summaries from real municipal statistical data. The article identifies a number of further research opportunities, and demonstrates ways to explore those.
The use of the biological method for treating iron containing underground waters
Authors: Kvartenko Oleksandr , Sabliy Larysa , Kovalchuk Nataliya , Lysytsya Andriy
Published: December 2018

The use of the biological method is promising for treating underground waters from iron compounds. Iron bacteria used in the process are widely spread in weak acidic and neutral underground waters containing iron ions (II), dissolved carbon dioxide and minimum concentrations of oxygen. The relevant direction of present-day biotechnology is the use of iron bacteria for treating underground waters. The goal of this research is to compare the efficiency of using the biological method for treating underground iron containing weak acidic and neutral waters under different conditions. As the test-objects, Gallionella and Lepthotrix iron bacteria were used. The sedimentation of bio-minerals was obtained from the washout waters of the biological deironing station. Calcium soda was used as an additional source of inorganic carbon for bacteria. As a result of the studies it is established that the use of the non-reagent method gives the possibility to achieve only 80% efficiency in removing iron compounds while the use of sodium carbonate results in increasing efficiency up to 93%. To determine the contribution of biological purification of ground water from iron compounds, the bacteria were inhibited with the preparation of polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) chloride. It was found that inhibition of Gallionella and Lepthotrix led to the reduction of 50% of the iron removal effect. The mechanism was developed of inhibiting the process of iron bacteria metabolism by PHMG (polyhexamethylene guanidine). The new technology of arranging a block-module station for treating underground waters is proposed.
Can Counter Histories Disturb the Present? Repohistory’s Street Signs Projects, 1992–1999
Authors: Donnelly Mark
Published: December 2018

This paper argues that where appropriations or invocations of the past have contributed to projects of social and political change, they have usually done so with little or no recourse to the historical past. Instead, activists and campaigners have used various forms of vernacular past-talk to unsettle those temporary fixings of ‘common sense’ that limit thinking about current political and social problems. The example of such past-talk discussed here is the work of the art-activist collective REPOhistory, which sought between 1989 and 2000 to disrupt the symbolic patterning of New York’s official and homogenized public memory culture by making visible (‘repossessing’) overlooked and repressed episodes from the city’s past. In effect, they challenged the ways in which history’s dominance of past-talk within the public sphere was constituted by exclusions of subjects on grounds of gender, ethnicity and socio-economic status. REPOhistory fused politically-engaged art practices with Walter Benjamin’s belief in the redemptive potential of dialectical encounters between past and present. To assess the value of their art-as-activism projects (“artivism”), this article will situate REPOhistory’s practices within a frame of ideas provided by Benjamin, Jacques Derrida, Ernesto Laclau, and Chantal Mouffe. In a series of street sign installations that mixed visual art, urban activism, social history, and radical pedagogy, REPOhistory exemplified why the past is too important to be trusted to professional historians.
Messianism and UFO Sightings as Counterfactual Strategies of Enchantment of the World
Authors: Urbanowicz Piotr
Published: December 2018

In this text, I argue that there are numerous affinities between 19th century messianism and testimonies of UFO sightings, both of which I regarded as forms of secular millennialism. The common denominator for the comparison was Max Weber’s concept of “disenchantment of the world” in the wake of the Industrial Revolution which initiated the era of the dominance of rational thinking and technological progress. However, the period’s counterfactual narratives of enchantment did not repudiate technology as the source of all social and political evil—on the contrary, they variously redefined its function, imagining a possibility of a new world order. In this context, I analysed the social projects put forward by Polish Romantics in the first half of the 19th century, with emphasis on the role of technology as an agent of social change. Similarly, the imaginary technology described by UFO contactees often has a redemptive function and is supposed to bring solution to humanity’s most dangerous problems.
ESTADO DE LAS POBLACIONES DE MAMÍFEROS EN LA RESERVA NACIONAL MATSÉS, AL NORESTE DE LA AMAZONÍA PERUANA
Authors: TORRES-OYARCE León , BARDALES-ALVITES Claudio , TIRADO-HERRERA Emérita , ANTÚNEZ- CORREA Miguel
Published: December 2018

Este estudio se realizó entre junio a octubre del 2015, en la Reserva Nacional Matsés, con el objetivo de conocer el estado de las poblaciones de mamíferos de caza en tres sectores de muestreo: Alemán, Loboyacu y Alto Gálvez. Los datos fueron colectados en cuatro transectos lineales, cada uno tuvo 5 km de longitud. En los tres sectores de muestreo, los primates tuvieron las mayores densidades poblacionales. En el sector Alto 2 Gálvez, las especies con mayor densidad fueron Saimiri macrodon (26.75 ind/km ) y Sapajus macrocephalus 2 (18.93 ind/km ); mientras que en los sectores Alemán y Loboyacu, fue Lagothrix lagotricha (23.54 y 13.84 2 2 ind/km , respectivamente) y Saguinus mystax (20.58 y 17.87 ind/km , respectivamente). En general, la variabilidad de mamíferos de caza puede ser explicado al 67.52%. Las comunidades de mamíferos de los sectores Alemán y Loboyacu fueron similares, en donde la caza fue frecuente. La comparación independiente de ambos sectores versus el sector del Alto Gálvez, mostró que el último sector tuvo mayor densidades poblacional. Es decir, la cuenca alta del río Gálvez mantiene las poblaciones más saludables de mamíferos.