bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revisiting Family of Origin in the Training of Family Therapists
Authors: Young Jeff , Stuart Jayne , Rubenstein Robyn , Boyle Anne , Schotten Hanna , McCormick Francis , Jorgensen Annette , Halloran Kieran , Pearce Jackie
Published: November 2014

Family of Origin exploration has had a controversial history in family therapy training. This article describes a process that aims to integrate family of origin work with skills development Co‐developed by a training group and their trainer, it builds on the existing approach at the Bouverie Centre in Melbourne. Family of origin work is clearly and practically linked with the enhancement of clinical skills, as argued for in the literature. Informed consent trust and safety are taken seriously, and negotiated within the training group. Trainee and trainer stories are included and the authors discuss the learning that resulted from asking trainees to present their family of origin to the group, including the unpredictable personal ramifications that inevitably occur in such processes.
Quality changes during cod (Gadus morhua) desalting at different temperatures
Authors: Oliveira Helena , Gonçalves Amparo , Nunes Maria L , Vaz‐Pires Paulo , Costa Rui
Published: November 2014

BACKGROUND

To advise consumers and manufacturers regarding decreasing the time needed to desalt salted cod (a time‐consuming process), there is a need to develop knowledge about quality changes at different desalting temperatures. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physico‐chemical, microbiological and sensory quality changes and their causes during cod desalting at 5, 10 and 15 °C, using a cod/water ratio of 1:9 without water changes. The influence of slices with different thickness and different desalting times was also evaluated.

RESULTS

Desalting promoted a decrease in the levels of total volatile basic nitrogen, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and free amino acids nitrogen (FAA‐N). The highest FAA‐N values were found in ‘thicker’ samples desalted at 15 °C due to the higher proteolytic bacteria number observed in these samples, which activity compensated the leaching of soluble components to the desalting solution. The water uptake and the salt leaching out of the muscle found during the processes created conditions for the bacterial growth, contributing to the spoilage at 15 °C. Based on fresh odour and ‘off’‐flavours results, ‘thicker’ samples desalted at 15 °C after 72 h were close to spoilage and on microbial levels were spoiled.

CONCLUSION

In order to extend the shelf life and safety of cod desalted products, desalting at temperatures above 10 °C is not advisable. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
Incentives and Challenges in Community‐Based Rangeland Management: Evidence from Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Beyene Fekadu
Published: November 2014

This paper explores incentives and challenges in community‐based rangeland management. Results from three case studies indicate variability in herders' motivation to contribute to the conservation and management of rangeland resources. The basic reason behind the failure to ensure sustained collective action largely lies in the little effort made by the intervening agencies in creating awareness on the long‐term consequences of climate change and biodiversity loss. In some villages, observation of positive results maintained the motivation to conserve the range, while in others, the removal of external incentives seems to discourage continuity of management practices. Resource users put greater emphasis on short‐term economic gains that undermines the prospect to see long‐term impacts of the present action, refuting the theoretical argument that the absence of alternative livelihoods would force individuals to place emphasis on the possibility to generate income streams from a resource in the longer term. This implies that designing institutions for rangeland management contributes to its sustainable use. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Refractive Index Mismatch Can Misindicate Anomalous Diffusion in Single‐Focus Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy
Authors: Lehmann Swen , Seiffert Sebastian , Richtering Walter
Published: November 2014

Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is often used to study diffusion in complex media, wherein the refractive index usually differs from that of the immersion medium. This paper assesses the effect of this refractive index mismatch. Confocal single‐focus and two‐focus fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (2fFCS) is used to probe the diffusion of tagged dextran tracers in water, dilute dextran solutions, acrylamide monomer solutions, polyacrylamide polymer solutions, and a cross linked polyacrylamide hydrogel. In these experiments, both the refractive index and the potential topological constraint and thermodynamic interaction to the probe‐diffusion are varied, and pairs of samples with same refractive indexes but different compositions are compared. Whereas 2fFCS shows no anomalous diffusion in any of them, single‐focus FCS indicates anomalous diffusion. In particular, the values of the stretching exponent of the fluorescence autocorrelation function, which is often interpreted to reflect the extent of anomaly of diffusion, do not vary systematically with the extent of topological or thermodynamic complexity of the different matrixes, but with their refractive index. This shows that apparent anomalous diffusion in FCS is at risk to be the result of refractive index mismatch rather than reflecting truly complex diffusion.

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The Zintl‐Klemm Concept – A Historical Survey
Authors: Nesper Reinhard
Published: November 2014

The Zintl‐Klemm concept (ZKC) is a combination of a valence electron counting rule and a set of structure‐chemical considerations which works well for a continuously growing class of compounds between classical salts and classical covalent compounds on the on hand, and intermetallic phases on the other. In this historical article the lines of development of the ZKC are reviewed. They originate from Eduard Zintl in Darmstadt and were carried on and extended by Wilhelm Klemm in Münster, early on. After World War II different schools developed their own points of view on the ZKC which converged in the 1990s, backed by blossoming quantum mechanical schemes of treating complex solids. The limits of applicability of the ZKC are subject of ongoing investigations, still, and it seems that the concept has reached a state of quite general acceptance in solid state sciences.
The Stannides Nd3Pd5Sn5, Gd3Pd4.96(1)Sn5, and GdPdSn
Authors: Heying Birgit , Rodewald Ute Ch. , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: November 2014

The stannides Nd3Pd5Sn5 and Gd3Pd4.96(1)Sn5 were obtained by arc‐melting of the elements. Nd3Pd5Sn5 and Gd3Pd4.96(1)Sn5 crystallize with the monoclinic Sm3Pd4.95Sn5 type structure, space group C2/m. Both structures were refined from single crystal diffractometer data: a = 1729.5(4), b = 454.51(8), c = 1428.2(3) pm, β = 99.71(2)°, wR2 = 0.0689, 2220 F2 values, 82 variables for Nd3Pd5Sn5 and a = 1712.2(2), b = 450.36(9) c = 1412.0(3) pm, β = 99.804(2)°, wR2 = 0.0526, 1834 F2 values, 83 variables for Gd3Pd4.96(1)Sn5. The Pd2 site of the gadolinium compound showed site occupancy of only 95.8(7) %. The palladium and tin atoms in these monoclinic stannides build up complex three‐dimensional [Pd5Sn5]δ– polyanionic networks, which leave cavities for the three crystallographically independent rare earth sites: RE1@Pd6Sn8, RE2@Pd7Sn8, and RE3@Pd6Sn9. The networks are stabilized by Pd–Sn, Pd–Pd as well as Sn–Sn bonding. The rare earth atoms bind to the networks via shorter RE–Pd contacts. The Gd3Pd4.96(1)Sn5 crystal showed an adherent second domain, which consisted of GdPdSn: TiNiSi type, Pnma, a = 725.6(3), b = 461.3(3), c = 790.6(3) pm, wR2 = 0.0973, 431 F2 values, 20 variables.
Synthesis, Structures, and Magnetic Properties of Three Series of Discrete or 1D Compounds based on Pyramidal [LnCu4] (Ln = Gd and Dy) Cluster and Formate Ligand
Authors: Li Zhong‐Yi , Zhang Jian‐Jun , Zhang Fu‐Qiang , Cao Guang‐Xiu , Zhai Bin
Published: November 2014

With formate as ligand, one discrete dragonfly‐like 3d–4f cluster showing beautiful pyramidal metal skeleton, [GdCu4(HCOO)5(μ3‐OH)4(NO3)2(H2O)7](H2O) (1Gd), was obtained by a self‐assembly reaction of Gd(NO3)3, Cu(NO3)2, and formate ligand. The two nitrates could be treated as the “wings” of the “dragonfly”, and the formate with a free oxygen atom could be regarded as the “tail”. When using perchlorate instead of nitrate, two series of 1D compounds based on the similar pyramidal [LnCu4] unit, linear {[GdCu4(HCOO)5(μ3‐[OH)4(H2O)8](ClO4)2(H2O)2}n (2Gd) and zigzag {[LnCu4Na2(HCOO)4(μ3‐OH)4(H2O)9(ClO4)5](H2O)2}n [Ln = Gd, (3Gd); Dy, (3Dy)] were synthesized by controlling the formate amount. They used μ5‐η1:η4 formate or [Na2(ClO4)4]2– unit as connectors to link the neighboring [LnCu4] units together, respectively. Magnetic analyses reveal that these four compounds all show ferromagnetic interactions, and 3Dy displays slow relaxation of the magnetization.
Report of a Rare Case of Hand Bony Involvement of Sarcoidosis in a Chinese Young Man
Authors: Jonathan Yuen Shiu-Him , Simon Yuen Chi-Pan
Published: November 2014

Musculoskeletal involvement of sarcoidosis is a rare entity, reported to have an incidence of 1–13%. Here we describe a case of sarcoidosis, with a history of finger sprain after a trivial injury, and incidental finding of multiple bony involvement over the left hand after radiography and magnetic resonance imaging.
Structural and stability characteristics of jets in crossflow
Authors: Getsinger D. R. , Gevorkyan L. , Smith O. I. , Karagozian A. R.
Published: November 2014

This experimental study examines the relationship between transverse jet structural characteristics and the shear layer instabilities forming on the upstream side of the jet column. Jets composed of mixtures of helium and nitrogen were introduced perpendicularly into a low-speed wind tunnel using several alternative injectors: convergent circular nozzles mounted either flush with or elevated above the tunnel floor, and a flush-mounted circular pipe. Both non-intrusive optical diagnostics (planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) and particle image velocimetry (PIV)) and intrusive probe-based (hot-wire anemometry) measurements were used to explore a range of jet-to-crossflow momentum flux ratios and density ratios for which previous studies have identified upstream shear layer transition from convective to absolute instability. Remarkable correspondences were identified between formation of the well-known counter-rotating vortex pair (CVP) associated with the jet cross-section and conditions producing strong upstream shear layer vorticity rollup, arising typically from absolute instability in the shear layer. In contrast, asymmetries in the jet mean cross-sectional shape and/or lack of a clear CVP were observed to correspond to weaker, convectively unstable jet shear layers.
Libyan Heritage under threat: the case of Cyrene
Authors: Abdulkariem Ahmad , Bennett Paul
Published: November 2014

The archaeological heritage of Libya is at serious risk from uncontrolled development. The reasons for the situation are discussed, and the attendant difficulties in preventing encroachment on the archaeological zone. The case of Cyrene is not alone, but while the focus here is its particular problems, guidelines for safeguarding Libya's heritage are proposed, while acknowledging current efforts to counteract the state of play.
The Cyrenaican Prehistory Project 2013: the seventh season of excavations in the Haua Fteah cave
Authors: Farr Lucy , Lane Ross , Abdulazeez Fadl , Bennett Paul , Holman James , Marasi Abdullah , Prendergast Amy , Al-Zweyi Mtaz , Barker Graeme
Published: November 2014

The paper reports the preliminary results from the short season of fieldwork that the Cyrenaican Prehistory Project was able to undertake with a small Anglo-Libyan team in September 2013. The work concentrated on continuing the excavation of Trench M down the southern side of the Middle Trench and of Trench D on the southern side of the Deep Sounding below it, the eventual objective being to link these so as to provide a high quality dataset of sedimentary and cultural data from the top to the bottom of the Pleistocene occupation deposit (some 12 m). The ~1 m of sediments investigated in Trench M in the 2013 fieldwork includes carbonate crusts possibly formed in oscillating sub-humid to arid climatic pulses, perhaps likely during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 4, around 60,000–70,000 years ago. One of these crusts formed the base on which a hearth-like structure had been built. In Trench D evidence for human occupation appears to decline moving up the profile, coinciding with sedimentary evidence of more frequent disruptive climatic events possibly associated with latter stages of MIS 5.
Ritratti di Leptis Magna: modelli, produzione, contesto tra la dinastia flavia e gli Antonini
Authors: Buccino Laura
Published: November 2014

Different types of marble portraits are discussed: both official Imperial images as well as private portraits, with the intention of illustrating the relationship to Roman models and to highlight stylistic and technical characteristics belonging to local sculptors. The portraits belonged to honourific statues dedicated in Lepcis Magna in public prestigious areas (Old Forum, Theatre, Serapeum, Hadrianic Baths). In these public meeting places the Imperial government officials, civic authorities and the privateevergeteshad the opportunity of celebrating the central power and its representatives, from the Emperor and the members of his family to provincial functionaries; personal aspirations of Romanisation and of making a political and administrative career; one's own generosity, personal wealth, preeminent role in civic society, as well as accumulating honours, visibility and social prestige. In the case of some statues of private individuals it is uncertain whether they were intended to be honourific or funerary. The chronological span, extending from the Flavian to the end of the Antonine period, corresponds to the period of greatest social stability and economic prosperity in Tripolitania and in Lepcis Magna in particular. From the analysis carried out, certain distinctive traits of Lepcitan portraiture between the first and second century AD emerge. The influence of the Graeco-Alexandrine tradition, more or less filtered through Cyrene, which held a significant role throughout the early Imperial age, tends to weaken and, at the latest by the end of the Flavian period, to disappear altogether. Local workshops, by now well trained, and in some cases identifiable through a distinctive formal language, become strongly influenced by Rome, either directly or through Carthage, capital of the province of Africa Proconsularis. Alongside this component is the growing influence of Asia Minor, fed by the increasing importation of marble from the eastern part of the empire, which would also have a great deal of influence on architectural decoration. The presence of a masterpiece in the Asiatic style, the female portrait-statue from the Serapeum, is the most striking testimonial of this evolutionary trend.
Lamluda: from the excavation to the archaeometric analysis
Authors: Menozzi Oliva , Antonelli Sonia , Cinalli Angela , Mancini Maria Cristina , Agostini Silvano
Published: November 2014

In the last ten years the Archaeological Mission of Chieti University in Cyrenaica has investigated, through intensive field surveys and excavations, several contexts of the Cyrenaicanchora. Among the many recorded settlements, Lamluda is the most interesting because of its urban organisation, productivity and location at the intersection of the main road network. Our aim is to present the preliminary data from the mapping, survey and excavation of the site, including the results of the archaeometric analysis and the epigraphic study. Among the copious ceramic finds the Roman coarse wares and amphorae are particularly numerous, dating mainly to the Imperial, Late Roman and Byzantine periods. The pottery illustrates not only the longevity of the settlement, which lasted until the eighth or ninth century AD, but also helps to trace the evolution of agricultural wealth and trade. Through archaeometrical and archaeological research it is possible to identify the main local products and their circulation, as well as the imported or exported amphorae and hypothesise on the nature of their contents.
Small mammal assemblages from the Quaternary succession at Moriaanshoofd (Zeeland, the Netherlands) and their significance for correlating the Oosterschelde fauna
Authors: Mayhew D.F. , Dieleman F.E. , Slupik A.A. , van den Hoek Ostende L.W. , Reumer J.W.F.
Published: November 2014

We investigated fossil small mammals from a borehole near Moriaanshoofd (Zeeland, southwest Netherlands) in order to get better insights in the fossil mammal faunas that are found in the subsurface in the southwestern Netherlands, and to investigate the age and provenance of the mammal fauna that is being dredged from the deep tidal gullies in the nearby Oosterschelde estuary. The record in the borehole covers Gelasian (Early Pleistocene) to Holocene deposits, represented by six formations. Thirty-nine specimens of small mammals were obtained from the borehole. These fossils derived from the Early Pleistocene marine Maassluis Formation and from directly overlying deposits of a Late Pleistocene age. During Weichselian times (33–24 ka), a proto-Schelde River shaped the northern Oosterschelde area. The river reworked substantial amounts of Early and Middle Pleistocene deposits. At the base of the Schelde-derived fluvial sequence (regionally described as the Koewacht Formation), Gelasian vertebrate faunas were concentrated in the channel lag. The Late Pleistocene channel lag is almost certainly the main source for the rich Early Pleistocene vertebrate faunas with larger mammals dredged from the Oosterschelde.
Measurements on the transport of suspended particulate matter in the Vlie Inlet
Authors: Gerkema T. , Nauw J.J. , van der Hout C.M.
Published: November 2014

Results are presented from campaigns carried out in March and May 2012 across the main channel of the Vlie Inlet in the western Dutch Wadden Sea. On both occasions current velocities and concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM) were measured at six stations over one tidal cycle. Concentrations are found to be high only during late ebb and early flood, implying a brief but intense export and import of SPM, respectively. Transport of water and SPM occurs predominantly over the southwestern part of the channel. The tidal prism in the channel varies in the range of 5–7 × 108 m3. Gross amounts of SPM transported during ebb and flood are 6–8 × 106 kg during the first campaign, but only half that amount during the second, possibly due to a different wind direction. The limitations encountered when calculating net effects over a tidal cycle are discussed, such as the fundamental indeterminacy in the duration of the tidal period itself.
VALIDATION AND LECTOTYPE OF TILIA PAUCICOSTATA MAXIM. SUBSP. DICTYONEURA (V.ENGL. EX C.K.SCHNEID.) PIGOTT (TILIACEAE)
Authors: Pigott C. D.
Published: November 2014

Publication in 2012 of Tilia paucicostata Maxim. subsp. dictyoneura (V.Engl.) Pigott (Tiliaceae) was not valid because the publication by Engler in 1909 was not the work in which the intended basionym, T. dictyoneura, had been validly published, being predated by that of C.K. Schneider earlier in the same year. The new combination Tilia paucicostata subsp. dictyoneura (V.Engl. ex C.K.Schneid.) Pigott is validly published here, and designation of the lectotype is confirmed.
A NEW SPECIES OF ADINANDRA (PENTAPHYLACACEAE) FROM INDIA
Authors: Pathak M. K. , Bhaumik M. , Krishna G.
Published: November 2014

A new species, Adinandra kamalae M.K.Pathak, Bhaumik & G.Krishna (Pentaphylacaceae), is described from Upper Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
GENERAL INDEX TO VOLUME 71 (2014)
Authors: Editor Journal
Published: November 2014

Note: Main entries are emboldened; * signifies the page range of keywords; pages with illustrations (Fig.), maps, appendices (App.) and reviews (Rev.) are indicated; tables are not annotated separately.
NONLINEAR AND COMPLEX DYNAMICS IN ECONOMICS
Authors: Barnett William A. , Serletis Apostolos , Serletis Demitre
Published: November 2014

This paper is an up-to-date survey of the state of the art in dynamical systems theory relevant to high levels of dynamical complexity, characterizing chaos and near-chaos, as commonly found in the physical sciences. The paper also surveys applications in economics and finance. This survey does not include bifurcation analyses at lower levels of dynamical complexity, such as Hopf and transcritical bifurcations, which arise closer to the stable region of the parameter space. We discuss the geometric approach (based on the theory of differential/difference equations) to dynamical systems and make the basic notions of complexity, chaos, and other related concepts precise, having in mind their (actual or potential) applications to economically motivated questions. We also introduce specific applications in microeconomics, macroeconomics, and finance and discuss the policy relevance of chaos.
Association of foods enriched in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and CLA supplements with lipid profile in human studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Derakhshande-Rishehri Seyede-Masome , Mansourian Marjan , Kelishadi Roya , Heidari-Beni Motahar
Published: November 2014

Objective

The present study aimed to review the association of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) consumption in two forms, foods enriched in CLA and CLA supplements, with serum lipid profile in human studies.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Setting

Search process was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus and Science Direct. Clinical trials that investigated the association of CLA intakes either in the form of supplements or enriched foods with lipid profile in healthy adults were included. All outcomes were recorded as continuous variables, and the effect size was measured by analysis of the mean and standard deviation before and after the intervention for case and control groups.

Subjects

Healthy adult population.

Results

CLA supplementation was associated with a significant decrease in LDL cholesterol (mean difference=−0·218; 95 % CI −0·358, −0·077;P=0·002), a non-significant decrease in HDL cholesterol (mean difference=−0·051; 95 % CI −0·188, 0·086;P=0·468), a non-significant increase in total cholesterol (mean difference=0·009; 95 % CI −0·128, 0·146;P=0·896) and a non-significant decrease in TAG (mean difference=−0·065; 95 % CI −0·20, 0·07;P=0·344). Foods enriched with CLA were associated with significantly decreased LDL cholesterol (mean difference=−0·231; 95 % CI −0·438, −0·024;P=0·028), non-significantly increased HDL-C (mean difference=0·075; 95 % CI −0·121, 0·270;P=0·455), non-significantly decreased total cholesterol (mean difference=−0·158; 95 % CI −0·349, 0·042;P=0·124) and non-significantly decreased TAG (mean difference=−0·078; 95 % CI −0·274, 0·117;P=0·433).

Conclusions

According to our analysis, consumption of foods enriched with CLA or CLA supplements has favourable effects on LDL cholesterol levels.
Quality of life changes and intensive care preferences in terminal cancer patients
Authors: Hwang In Cheol , Keam Bhumsuk , Yun Young Ho , Ahn Hong Yup , Kim Young-Ae
Published: November 2014

Objective:

There is scarce research on the short-term fluctuations in end-of-life (EoL) care planning for seriously ill patients. The aim of our study was to investigate the stability of preferences regarding treatment in an intensive care unit (ICU) and identify the factors associated with changes in preferences in terms of quality of life (QoL).

Method:

A prospective examination on preference changes for ICU care in 141 terminal cancer patients was conducted. Patients were categorized according to their change in preference during the final two months of their lives into four categories: (1) the keep–accept group, (2) the keep–reject group, (3) the change to accept group, and (4) the change to reject group. Using multiple logistic analyses, we explored the association between patient demographics, health-related QoL, and changes in ICU preference.

Results:

The overall stability of ICU preferences near the end of life was 66.7% (κ = 0.33, p < 0.001). Married patients were more likely to change their preference regarding ICU care [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) toward accept 12.35, p = 0.021; aOR toward reject 10.56, p = 0.020] than unmarried patients. Patients with stable physical function tended to accept ICU care (aOR = 5.05, p = 0.023), whereas those with poor performance (aOR = 5.32, p = 0.018), worsened QoL (aOR = 8.34, p = 0.007), or non-aggravated fatigue (aOR = 8.36, p = 0.006) were more likely to not accept ICU care.

Significance of results:

The attitudes of terminally ill cancer patients regarding ICU care at the end of life were not stable over time, and changes in their QoL were associated with a tendency to change their preferences about ICU care. Attention should thus be paid to patients' QoL changes to improve medical decision making with regard to EoL care.
Tagesschläfrigkeit und Fahrverhalten
Authors: Mathis Johannes , Schreier David
Published: November 2014

In industrialisierten Gesellschaften klagen 10–15 % der Bevölkerung über Tagesschläfrigkeit. Neben der Schichtarbeit und der weit verbreiteten, sozial bedingten Schlafinsuffizienz, dürfte auch die zunehmende Zahl von Schlaf-Wachstörungen dazu beitragen. Die Folgen der Schläfrigkeit am Steuer sind Unaufmerksamkeit, „Tunnelblick“ und verlängerte Reaktionszeit. Die Unfälle beim Sekundenschlaf ereignen sich oft bei unverminderter Geschwindigkeit, was zu besonders schweren, und besonders oft zu tödlichen Unfällen führt. In der Schweiz werden zwar gemäß den offiziellen Statistiken lediglich ca. 1.5 % der Verkehrsunfälle durch Einschlafen am Steuer verursacht, was im Vergleich zu einem 10–30 % Anteil in der Fachliteratur massiv unterschätzt erscheint. Die Diskrepanz in den offiziellen statistischen Erhebungen entsteht wohl u. a. dadurch, dass Schläfrigkeit schwer zu erfassen ist. Die Unterschätzung des wahren Problems ist deswegen relevant, weil Gegenmaßnahmen im Straßenbau und die Abklärungen bei fehlbaren Fahrzeuglenkern immer noch zu wenig konsequent verfolgt werden. Zu den Risikofaktoren für schläfrigkeitsbedingte Verkehrsunfälle gehören junges Alter, geringe Fahrerfahrung, männliches Geschlecht, Risikoverhalten, Nachtfahrten, monotone Strecken, lange Fahrdauer, das sozial oder beruflich bedingte Schlafmanko, aber auch Schlaf-Wach-Krankheiten und sedierende Medikamente. Die Risikofaktoren und auch die typischen Merkmale von schläfrigkeitsbedingten Unfällen sind relativ gut bekannt, so dass prophylaktische Gegenmaßnahmen und gezielte Abklärungen von fehlbaren Lenkern möglich wären. Weil jeder Betroffene die Zeichen der Schläfrigkeit rechtzeitig, d. h. vor dem Auftreten eines Sekundenschlafes am Steuer erkennen kann, kommt der Aufklärung aller Verkehrsteilnehmer – und somit auch der Patienten – über das individuelle Risiko und über wirksame Gegenmaßnahmen wie anhalten, Kaffeetrinken und Turboschlaf einschalten, eine ganz besondere Bedeutung zu. Dieses Aufklärungsgespräch soll in der Krankengeschichte unbedingt bei der ersten Konsultation dokumentiert werden, was besonders wichtig ist bei der Verordnung von sedierenden Medikamenten. Bei allen Berufsfahrern mit Tagesschläfrigkeit und bei allen Fahrzeuglenkern, welche bereits einen Unfall erlitten haben, empfehlen wir eine Zuweisung an ein Zentrum für Schlafmedizin, um die Tagesschläfrigkeit zu objektivieren und damit die Compliance des Patienten zu verbessern. Bei uneinsichtigen Patienten hat der Arzt in der Schweiz das Recht, aber nicht die Pflicht, Anzeige bei den Behörden zu erstatten.
Guitar Hero or Zero?
Authors: Davies John J. , Hemingway Timothy J.
Published: November 2014

Motivations for, and outcomes of, playing rhythm-based music video games have had little direct study. The current research showed that fantasy-seeking motivations combined with self-esteem to create either unregulated game play habits or an incentive to play a musical instrument in real life. We obtained measures from adult players of rhythm-based music video games (N = 421), regarding their gaming habits, fantasy-seeking motivations, and self-esteem. Regression analyses showed that the interaction of low self-esteem with high fantasy-seeking motivation predicted unregulated game play. Self-esteem was negatively related to habitual and solitary game play. Fantasy-seeking motivations positively predicted a player’s desire to learn or play a musical instrument in real life. These results suggest that fantasy-seeking motivations reflect escapism under certain conditions and a desire to develop game-related skills in real life under other conditions. We discuss potential educational benefits of fantasy seeking and the implications for theory and scholarship regarding video game motivations.
Mechanistic determinants of the directionality and energetics of active export by a heterodimeric ABC transporter
Authors: Grossmann Nina , Vakkasoglu Ahmet S. , Hulpke Sabine , Abele Rupert , Gaudet Rachelle , Tampé Robert
Published: November 2014

The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) participates in immune surveillance by moving proteasomal products into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen for major histocompatibility complex class I loading and cell surface presentation to cytotoxic T cells. Here we delineate the mechanistic basis for antigen translocation. Notably, TAP works as a molecular diode, translocating peptide substrates against the gradient in a strict unidirectional way. We reveal the importance of the D-loop at the dimer interface of the two nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs) in coupling substrate translocation with ATP hydrolysis and defining transport vectoriality. Substitution of the conserved aspartate, which coordinates the ATP-binding site, decreases NBD dimerization affinity and turns the unidirectional primary active pump into a passive bidirectional nucleotide-gated facilitator. Thus, ATP hydrolysis is not required for translocation per se, but is essential for both active and unidirectional transport. Our data provide detailed mechanistic insight into how heterodimeric ABC exporters operate.
β-cateninC429S mice exhibit sterility consequent to spatiotemporally sustained Wnt signalling in the internal genitalia
Authors: Murata Takuya , Ishitsuka Yuichi , Karouji Kumiko , Kaneda Hideki , Toki Hideaki , Nakai Yuji , Makino Shigeru , Fukumura Ryutaro , Kotaki Hayato , Wakana Shigeharu , Noda Tetsuo , Gondo Yoichi
Published: November 2014

Wnt/β-catenin signalling regulates numerous developmental and homeostatic processes. Ctnnb1 (also known as β-catenin) is the only protein that transmits signals from various Wnt ligands to downstream genes. In this study, we report that our newly established mouse strain, which harbours a Cys429 to Ser missense mutation in theβ-cateningene, exhibited specific organ defects in contrast to mice with broadly functioning Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Both homozygous mutant males and females produced normal gametes but were infertile because of abnormal seminal vesicle and vaginal morphogenesis. An ins-TOPGAL transgenic reporter spatiotemporally sustained Wnt/β-catenin signalling during the corresponding organogenesis. Therefore,β-cateninC429Sshould provide new insights into β-catenin as a universal component of Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction.
Solution Processed Multilayer Organic Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Auer Manuel , Pevzner Leonid , Sax Stefan , List-Kratochvil Emil J. W.
Published: November 2014

To date, most commercially available organic light emitting diodes (OLED) are fabricated by cost extensive and material-consuming thermal vacuum deposition processes. Therefore, a switch to a solution-based fabrication strategy, albeit challenging for efficient multilayer designs, is highly desirable. The necessity for multilayer device architectures is comprehensively explained at the beginning of the chapter and the challenges arising in a solution-based process are explained. The remainder of the chapter is dedicated to the presentation of the different fabrication schemes. First, schemes that allow for the fabrication of multiple layers from the same solvents without a modification of the used organic semiconductors are detailed. Subsequently, schemes that use the same solvents but also require an alteration of the organic semiconductor are presented. Furthermore, fabrication of multiple layers from different solvents is explained. At the end a few notable approaches that combine different fabrication mechanisms are detailed. For each scheme presented within this chapter references to the literature are provided.
Hierarchically assembled NiCo@SiO2@Ag magnetic core–shell microspheres as highly efficient and recyclable 3D SERS substrates
Authors: Zhang Maofeng , Zhao Aiwu , Wang Dapeng , Sun Henghui
Published: November 2014

The hierarchically nanosheet-assembled NiCo@SiO2@Ag core–shell microspheres exhibit superior SERS performance, quick magnetic response, good recoverability and recyclability.
On-line capillary isoelectric focusing hyphenated to native electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for the characterization of interferon-γ and variants
Authors: Przybylski Cédric , Mokaddem Meriem , Prull-Janssen Mehdi , Saesen Els , Lortat-Jacob Hugues , Gonnet Florence , Varenne Anne , Daniel Régis
Published: November 2014

The on-line hyphenation of Capillary IsoElectric Focusing (CIEF) with ElectroSpray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI/MS) has been carried out in a non-denaturing detection mode at the CIEF-MS interface.
High pH sensing with water-soluble porpholactone derivatives and their incorporation into a Nafion® optode membrane
Authors: Worlinsky Jill L. , Halepas Steven , Ghandehari Masoud , Khalil Gamal , Brückner Christian
Published: November 2014

The known optical high pH sensing chromophores, free base and metal complexes (M = 2H, Zn(ii), Pt(ii)) ofmeso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porpholactone, and the as yet untested Ga(iii) complex, were made freely water-soluble by derivatization at the aryl group with PEG chains.
A ternary nanocomposite electrode of polyoxometalate/carbon nanotubes/gold nanoparticles for electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Guo Shuyue , Xu Lin , Xu Bingbing , Sun Zhixia , Wang Lihao
Published: November 2014

In this work, a nanocomposite film electrode containing polyoxometalate (POM) clusters K6P2W18O62 (P2W18), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) was fabricated by a layer-by-layer self-assembly technique.
Gold cluster based electrocatalytic sensors for the detection of formaldehyde
Authors: Baez-Gaxiola M. R. , Fernández-Sánchez C. , Mendoza E.
Published: November 2014

The development of an electrochemical sensor for the analysis of formaldehyde, based on the use of a screen printed carbon electrode modified with gold clusters, is reported in this work.
Capabilities of several phosphonium ionic liquids for arsenic species determination in water by liquid–liquid microextraction and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry
Authors: Grijalba Alexander Castro , Escudero Leticia B. , Wuilloud Rodolfo G.
Published: November 2014

Different phosphonium ionic liquids have been assayed for liquid–liquid microextraction of As species.
Sequential detection of Fe3+ and As3+ ions by naked eye through aggregation and disaggregation of biogenic gold nanoparticles
Authors: Kaviya Somasundaram , Prasad Edamana
Published: November 2014

Pomegranate peel extract-stabilized AuNPs were used for the size and shape dependent detection of Fe3+ and As3+ ions by the naked eye via a novel aggregation and disaggregation path way.
Temperature-induced racemic compounds and chiral conglomerates based on polyoxometalates and lanthanides: syntheses, structures and catalytic properties
Authors: An Haiyan , Wang Lin , Hu Ying , Fei Fei
Published: November 2014

Four new species, originated from [Co2Mo10H4O38]6− and lanthanides by adjusting the reaction temperature, are reported, which act as Lewis acid–base catalysts toward the cyanosilylation reaction.
Tuning the size and shape of nano-boehmites by a free-additive hydrothermal method
Authors: Pardo Pablo , Montoya Noemí , Alarcón Javier
Published: November 2014

Nano-boehmites with a range of controlled sizes and morphologies exhibiting high dispersability in water were synthesized through a free-additive hydrothermal methodology.
Influence of process variables on extraction of Cefalexin in a novel biocompatible ionic liquid based-aqueous two phase system
Authors: Abdolrahimi Shiva , Nasernejad Bahram , Pazuki Gholamreza
Published: November 2014

Despite the fact that ionic liquid-based aqueous two phase systems (ATPSs) have been widely studied for extraction purposes, the adequacy of biodegradable organic salts as salting out agents has been left unexploited.
Exploring the complexity of quantum control optimization trajectories
Authors: Nanduri Arun , Shir Ofer M. , Donovan Ashley , Ho Tak-San , Rabitz Herschel
Published: November 2014

Quantum control landscapes are found to possess favourable structure in the form of nearly straight paths to optimal controls.
Separating mixtures by exploiting molecular packing effects in microporous materials
Authors: Krishna Rajamani
Published: November 2014

Separation of pentane and hexane isomers is akin to distinguishing between cobras, rattlesnakes and hedgehogs; their packing efficiencies are different within 1D MOF channels.
Molecular understanding of ion specificity at the peptide bond
Authors: Yan Chuanyu , Mu Tiancheng
Published: November 2014

This work reveals the relationship between the Hofmeister ions effect and the electrostatic potential surfaces of the ions.
Exploring the kinetics of ordered silicon nanowires with the formation of nanogaps using metal-assisted chemical etching
Authors: Chen Chia-Yun , Liu Yu-Rui
Published: November 2014

We explored the kinetics of ordered silicon nanowires with the formation of nanogaps prepared using metal-assisted chemical etching.
Elucidating the effect of copper as a redox additive and dopant on the performance of a PANI based supercapacitor
Authors: Pandey Kavita , Yadav Pankaj , Mukhopadhyay Indrajit
Published: November 2014

The role of a transition metal as a dopant or redox additive essential for designing a high power/high energy supercapacitor is investigated.
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering on a hierarchical structural Ag nano-crown array in different detection ways
Authors: Wang Yi , Wang Yuyang , Wang Hailong , Cong Ming , Xu Weiqing , Xu Shuping
Published: November 2014

A hierarchical structural Ag nano-crown array SERS substrate that is more efficiently excited from the back side.
Crystal structure and temperature-dependent luminescence of a heterotetranuclear sodium–europium(iii) β-diketonate complex
Authors: Bruno Sofia M. , Ananias Duarte , Almeida Paz Filipe A. , Pillinger Martyn , Valente Anabela A. , Carlos Luís D. , Gonçalves Isabel S.
Published: November 2014

A rare example of a heterotetranuclear Na2Eu2 complex is reported that displays temperature-dependent sensitised emission and emission lifetime.
Actinide selectivity of 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxamide and its derivatives: a theoretical prediction followed by experimental validation
Authors: Manna Debashree , Mula Soumyaditya , Bhattacharyya Arunasis , Chattopadhyay Subrata , Ghanty Tapan K.
Published: November 2014

Selectivities of 1,10-phenanthroline based mixed hard and soft donor ligands towards Am(iii) over the Eu(iii) ion have been predicted theoretically and validated experimentally through synthesis and solvent extraction techniques.
Templating an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-cyclometalated Cp*IrIII-based oxidation precatalyst on a pendant coordination platform: assessment of the oxidative behavior via electrochemical, spectroscopic and catalytic probes
Authors: Gupta Suraj K. , Choudhury Joyanta
Published: November 2014

The Cp*IrIII(NHC)-based precatalyst does not compromise on its efficiency in catalytic C–H oxidation activity when templated on a coordination platform.
Quantification of corrosion inhibitors used in the water industry for steam condensate treatment: the indirect electroanalytical sensing of morpholine and cyclohexylamine
Authors: Kolliopoulos Athanasios V. , Metters Jonathan P. , Banks Craig E.
Published: November 2014

Corrosion inhibitors are widely used in the water industry for steam condensate treatment.
Goldcore–polyanilineshell composite nanowires as a substrate for surface enhanced Raman scattering and catalyst for dye reduction
Authors: Dutt Sunil , Siril Prem Felix , Sharma Vipul , Periasamy Selvakannan
Published: November 2014

The unique morphology of the nanocomposite is due to the confinement, typical diffusion path and the interaction between PANI and Au-nanoparticles.
Single and multiple peptide γ-turns: literature survey and recent progress
Authors: Crisma Marco , De Zotti Marta , Moretto Alessandro , Peggion Cristina , Drouillat Bruno , Wright Karen , Couty François , Toniolo Claudio , Formaggio Fernando
Published: November 2014

Published data on peptide isolated and repetitive γ-turns are reviewed. Advancements in our laboratories on these 3D-structures are also presented.
Hydrolytic inhibition of α-chymotrypsin by 2,8,14,20-tetrakis(d-leucyl-d-valinamido)resorc[4]arenecarboxylic acid: a spectroscopic NMR and computational combined approach
Authors: Uccello-Barretta Gloria , Balzano Federica , Aiello Federica , Vanni Letizia , Mori Mattia , Menta Sergio , Calcaterra Andrea , Botta Bruno
Published: November 2014

A rationale for the inhibition of hydrolytic efficiency of α-chymotrypsin by a resorcin[4]arene derivative was obtained by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
Optical properties of P and Al doped silicene: a first principles study
Authors: Das Ritwika , Chowdhury Suman , Majumdar Arnab , Jana Debnarayan
Published: November 2014

Various optical properties of two dimensional buckled silicene have been explored using spin unpolarized density functional theory by incorporating doping with phosphorous and aluminium atoms in the hexagonal network of pristine buckled silicene.
Photochromic Ag:TiO2 thin films on PET substrate
Authors: Tricot F. , Vocanson F. , Chaussy D. , Beneventi D. , Reynaud S. , Lefkir Y. , Destouches N.
Published: November 2014

A flexible material with reversible photochromic behavior was obtained by designing TiO2:Ag thin films on PET substrate without damage.
Facile fabrication of red phosphorus/TiO2 composites for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Xiao Han , Xia Yang , Gan Yongping , Huang Hui , Liang Chu , Tao Xinyong , Xu Lusheng , Zhang Wenkui
Published: November 2014

Amorphous TiO2 wrapped on red phosphorus (RP/A-TiO2) was fabricated via a reinforced concrete structural strategy. The as-prepared RP/A-TiO2 composite not only offers an enhanced reversible capacity, but also retains the structural stability.
Improved low-temperature activity of La–Sr–Co–O nano-composite for CO oxidation by phase cooperation
Authors: Zhong Linyun , Hai Fang , Xiao Ping , Hong Jingping , Zhu Junjiang
Published: November 2014

La0.7–Sr0.3–Co–O nano-composite shows improved catalytic activity to CO oxidation relative to La0.7Sr0.3CoO3 and Co3O4, which is suggested to be due to a synergistic effect induced by the phase cooperation.
(S)-5-Benzyl- and 5-benzylidene-imidazo-4-one derivatives synthesized and studied for an understanding of their thermal reactivity
Authors: Pepino A. J. , Peláez W. J. , Faillace M. S. , Ceballos N. M. , Moyano E. L. , Argüello G. A.
Published: November 2014

Static and flash vacuum pyrolysis were used to get insight into the mechanisms of decomposition of 3-(2-chloroethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione and 2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-5(6H)-one derivatives.
In situ synthesis of environmentally benign montmorillonite supported composites of Au/Ag nanoparticles and their catalytic activity in the reduction of p-nitrophenol
Authors: Bagchi Biswajoy , Thakur Pradip , Kool Arpan , Das Sukhen , Nandy Papiya
Published: November 2014

Montmorillonite clay supported in situ synthesized metal nanoparticles with catalytic activity was provided.
Latex particle template lift-up guided gold wire-networks via evaporation lithography
Authors: Lone Saifullah , Vakarelski Ivan U. , Chew Basil , Wang Zhihong , Thoroddsen Sigurdur T.
Published: November 2014

We describe a hybrid methodology that combines a two dimensional (2D) monolayer of latex particles, lift-up of 2D template onto flat surfaces and evaporation lithography to fabricate metal micro- and nanowire-networks.
Rapid synthesis of NADPH responsive CdSe quantum dots from selenium nanoparticles
Authors: Zhou Mengcheng , Liu Bingxin , Lv Changli , Chen Zhijun , Shen Jiacong
Published: November 2014

Herein we developed a new approach for CdSe quantum dots (QDs) synthesis.
Dendritic polyglycerol cyclodextrin amphiphiles and their self-assembled architectures to transport hydrophobic guest molecules
Authors: Rodrigo‡ Ana Campo , Malhotra‡ Shashwat , Böttcher Christoph , Adeli Mohsen , Haag Rainer
Published: November 2014

Microwave-assisted synthesis of cyclodextrin–polyglycerol based amphiphilic dendrimers and their self-assembly to form well-defined nanostructures in aqueous solutions are reported here.
Structural studies of adsorbed protein (betalactoglobulin) on natural clay (montmorillonite)
Authors: Assifaoui Ali , Huault Lucie , Maissiat Cyrielle , Roullier-Gall Chloé , Jeandet Philippe , Hirschinger Jérôme , Raya Jésus , Jaber Maguy , Lambert Jean-François , Cayot Philippe , Gougeon Régis D. , Loupiac Camille
Published: November 2014

Adsorption of betalactoglobulin on montmorillonite leads to structural changes of the protein accompanied by a partial exfoliation of clay.
Enhancing the sorption performance of surfactant-assisted CaO nanoparticles
Authors: Islam Aminul , Teo Siow Hwa , Chan Eng Seng , Taufiq-Yap Yun Hin
Published: November 2014

Nanosized calcium oxide prepared via precipitation and thermal decomposition of calcium carbonates can be used in industrial hydrogen production and biomass gasification processes to remove CO2 from the reactors.
Ultra-high pseudocapacitance of mesoporous ZnCo2O4 nanosheets on reduced graphene oxide utilizing a neutral aqueous electrolyte
Authors: Moon In Kyu , Chun Kyoung-Yong
Published: November 2014

A mesoporous ZnCo2O4 nanosheet on a reduced graphene oxide/nickel foam network was employed as a supercapacitor electrode. It shows ultrahigh specific capacitance of 2009 F g−1 at 10 mV s−1 in neutral 0.1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte.
Lipid coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles as an oral delivery system for targeting and treatment of intravacuolar Salmonella infections
Authors: Mudakavi Rajeev J. , Raichur Ashok M. , Chakravortty Dipshikha
Published: November 2014

Lipid coated mesoporous silica nanoparticle (L-MSN) were synthesized for oral delivery and targeting of ciprofloxacin for intracellular elimination ofSalmonellapathogen.
Design of gold nanoshells via a gelatin-mediated self-assembly of gold nanoparticles on silica cores
Authors: Allouche Joachim , Soulé Samantha , Dupin Jean-Charles , Masse Sylvie , Coradin Thibaud , Martinez Hervé
Published: November 2014

Gold nanoshells have been designed for the first time through gold nanoparticles self-assembly on silica/gelatin cores.