bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis and optimal calibration of model-based wind turbine controllers
Authors: Brandetti Livia , Mulders Sebastiaan Paul , Liu Yichao , Watson Simon , Wingerden Jan-Willem van
Published: January 2024

The combined wind speed estimator and tip-speed ratio (WSE-TSR) tracking
wind turbine control scheme has seen recent and increased traction from
the wind industry. The modern control scheme provides a flexible
trade-off between power and load objectives. In academia, the
Kω controller is often used based on its
simplicity and steady-state optimality and is taken as a baseline here.
This paper demonstrates the steady-state equivalence and dynamic
differences between these controllers and presents a systematic
procedure for their optimal calibration. For calibration of the control
schemes, a multi-objective optimisation problem is formulated with the
conflicting objectives of power maximisation and torque fluctuations
minimisation. The optimisation problem is solved by approximating the
Pareto front based on the set of optimal solutions found by an
explorative search. The Pareto fronts obtained for calibration of the
baseline and for increasing fidelities of the WSE-TSR tracking
controller show that no optimal solution exists, translating into
increased power capture with respect to the baseline
Kω controller. The frequency-domain analysis,
however, shows increased control bandwidth for tip-speed ratio reference
tracking for the solution leading to power maximisation. If the
objective is to reduce the torque variance, the controller bandwidth
decreases with a mild penalty on the energy yield. High-fidelity
simulations confirm this trend, proving that, if properly calibrated,
the WSE-TSR tracking controller obtains approximately the same generated
power of the baseline while reducing torque actuation effort.
A novel water vapor sensor with 3-D pillared metal--organic framework and 2-D breathing mode
Authors: Guo Jin-Shuang , Zhao Yu-Chuan , Sun Xiao-Chen , Ma Jun-Chao , Li Xue-bo , Guo Guo-Cong
Published: January 2024

In this work, we designed and synthesized two new 3-D pillared
metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) [Cd2(adc)2(bpp)3∙4H2O]n (1) and
[Cd2(adc)2(bpp)3]n (1b) with a 2-D breathing mode of reversible
dehydration–rehydration. The dynamic behavior between 1 and 1b was
detected by in situ single-crystal XRD analysis, which demonstrated that
this 3-D pillared MOF contracted and expanded in two dimensions
accompanied by dehydration–rehydration. Additionally, 1b exhibited
faster water vapor response compared to commercial silica gel desiccant
at normal temperature (21 °C) and humidity (RH% 50), which was detected
by in situ IR. Therefore, the results suggests that this kind of
flexible 3-D pillared metal–organic framework of 1 and 1b would be a
reliable sensor for monitoring water vapor. (H2adc = 4,4’-azodibenzoic
acid, bpp = 1,3-di(4-pyridyl)propane)
Seizure as Initial Manifestation of SLE , CASE REPORT
Authors: Khormi Abdulrahman , HIJAZI FAISAL
Published: January 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disorder
with variable disease courses and multiple clinical manifestations
[1]. The etiology of SLE is not clear, but different environmental
(ultraviolet [UV] light, infections, drugs), genetic, and hormonal
factors all seem to be involved [1]. Positive family history and
history of having other autoimmune illnesses are considered high-risk
factors for SLE, but most SLE cases are scattered [1]. The 2019
EULAR/ACR classification criteria for SLE include positive ANA at least
once as a mandatory entry criterion; followed by additive weighted
standards grouped in seven clinical (constitutional, hematological,
neuropsychiatric, serosal, musculoskeletal, renal, mucocutaneous ) and
three immunological (antiphospholipid antibodies, complement proteins,
SLE-specific antibodies) domains, and weighted from 2 to 10, and
patients accumulating ≥10 points are classified to have SLE [2].
Herein, we report this case of neuropsychiatric lupus as it is uncommon
and is a severe form of SLE.
China's Role in the Increase of Global Cyber Attacks
Authors: Hillis Jordan S.
Published: January 2024

Cybercrime has quickly become one of the most pressing issues to
mitigate as more reliance on technology is created each day. Advanced
persistent threat groups have established themselves as critical threats
to organizations and governments as the sophistication of their attacks
advances as technology does. One of the most significant threats
currently is advanced persistent threat groups that originate from the
country of China. China has some of the highest numbers of known
advanced persistent threat groups, such as Double Dragon (APT41), PLA
Unit 61398 (APT1), and now a new and emerging group dubbed HAFNIUM has
been discovered.
Modern Ransomware: Evolution, Methodology, Attack Model, Prevention and Mitigation using Multi-Tiered Approach
Authors: Raj Arpit , Narayan Vedant , Muskan Vivek , Sani Abhilash , Sharma Pankaj , SS Sarma
Published: January 2024

Ransomware is a menace to the vibrant digital ecosystem. The
exponential growth in ransomware attacks, its detrimental impacts, and
the ever-changing methods adopted by threat actor groups demands a
focused understanding of the evolution of ransomware. This would help
the organizations devise novel defensive frameworks and security
controls against the modern ransomware. In this work, the impacts and
evolution of ransomware through different phases up to its current form
are detailed. Further, based on the study and analysis of the most
prevalent modern ransomware variants, their most used tactics,
techniques and procedures (TTPs) are identified as per the MITRE ATT&CK
model. This acts as a platform to propose a generic attack model for
‘modern ransomware’. Building on the existing MITRE mitigation,
D3FEND-based approaches and considering the resource and budget
constraints of organizations, a simplified three-tier defensive model
that is cost-effective and implementable is put forward. Thus, this work
aims to open avenues for understanding the TTPs, and attack methodology
of ‘modern ransomware’, thereby developing feasible and implementable
defensive security controls.
Association between Charlson Comorbidity Index and Risk of Mortality in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury Receiving Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (A Secondary Analysis of Dryad Database)
Authors: Jin Xin , Su Shandao , Wei Hongjuan
Published: January 2024

Aims: This study aimed to assess the relationship between CCI and 90-day
mortality among AKI patients with CRRT. Methods: CCI is a scoring system
predicting short- and long-term mortality risk. A secondary analysis of
the Dyrad database from 2009 to 2016 was carried out. Demographic and
clinical data were collected at baseline, while mortality was calculated
90 days after CRRT. Statistical analyses were performed using R and
SPSS. This study enrolled 826 patients including 496 (60%) males and
330 (40%) females with an overall median age of 63.42 years. They were
divided into low-, medium-low-, medium- and high-risk groups according
to different CCI scores (0, 1-2, 3-4, >4) at baseline.
Results: Univariate and multivariate analyses both showed positive
correlation between CCI and mortality risk (p<0.05).
Kaplan-Meier analysis showed increased mortality over groups with
increased levels of mortality risk. For each point increase in CCI, the
90-day mortality risk would increase by 13.3% if CCI is less than 4.037
(p<0.001) and increase by 1.3% if CCI went beyond 4.037
(p=0.7855). Conclusions: CCI is significantly associated with 90-day
mortality in AKI patients with CRRT. Further studies may focus on more
recent data from various data repositories and compare CCI against other
scoring systems to ensure its validity in predicting prognosis among AKI
patients with CRRT in clinic.
A Follow-up Study on the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Adolescents with Eating Disorders
Authors: Torun Şeyma , Akgül Sinem , Kızılkan Melis , Nalbant Kevser , Kanbur Nuray , Akdemir Devrim , Alan Burcu Ersöz , Tüzün Zeynep , Derman Orhan
Published: January 2024

Aim: At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted a study to
evaluate its early effects on eating disorder behavior and its
predictive factors in patients with eating disorders. However, little is
known about its long-term effects. The purpose of this second study was
to reevaluate the same group. Methods: The sociodemographic
characteristics, clinical information, and information on how the
pandemic restrictions affected ED behaviours, well-being, and quality of
life were evaluated. All participants completed the ED examination
questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, The State Anxiety Inventory
for Children, and The Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory one-year
after the initial assessments. Results: Thirty-seven (97.3%) of the 38
adolescents who participated in the first study were included. There was
no difference in eating disorder examination questionnaire scores
between the first and second study. ED-related quality of life slightly
improved in the later stage. While there was no difference between the
studies in terms of depression and obsession scores, whereas anxiety
scores increased significantly. In addition, while depression had the
highest predictive factor of ED in both studies, there was a significant
increase in anxiety as COVID-19 progressed, making it the second most
important predictor. Conclusions: Similar to the early study, an
exacerbation in ED symptoms during the later stages of the pandemic was
not observed. Clinical monitoring before and during the pandemic might
have acted protective against the deteriorating effects. In the presence
of prolonged social isolation, it is important to monitor adolescents
with ED closely for depression and anxiety throughout the disease
course.
New records of Saprobic macrofungi from Pakistan
Authors: Nawaz Ayesha , Rauf Iqra , Saba Malka , Akram Wajahat
Published: January 2024

During our ongoing efforts to explore macrofungal diversity of Pakistan,
two new records i.e. Collybiopsis rodhallii and Marasmius trichotus were
collected and identified using morphological and molecular
characterization. Their detailed description and illustration are
provided. In addition, phylogenetic analysis using nrITS data also
support the identity of these new records. Previously, only three
species of Collybiopsis and thirteen Marasmius have been described from
Pakistan. Moreover, Paramarasmius palmivours which has already been
reported from Pakistan is now recorded from a different locality
district Mandi Bahauddin of Pakistan during this study. The aim of this
study is to accurately identify saprobic fungi of Pakistan using
morphological and molecular tool and contribute towards exploration of
fungal diversity of Pakistan.
Investigating cognitive difficulties in children’s metaphoric perception: an inhibition-of-return approach
Authors: ke yuguo , zhou xiaozhen
Published: January 2024

We examined whether children across grades possess the cognitive
difficulties in metaphoric perception. With the inhibition-of-return
approach, we compared the differences (i.e., vehicle, tenor, and ground)
of 15 metaphoric expressions presented by young children in Grade 2,
Grade 4, and Grade 6 in the elementary school. We measured the process
of identifying metaphoric expressions (i.e., speaking out vehicle,
tenor, and ground of each metaphoric expression) and the attentive
questionnaire (focusing on the psychological status). Results show that
children across different grades present apparently different cognitive
difficulties in vehicle, tenor, and ground, although the discrepancies
are not significant in word, idiom, sentence pattern. Additionally, with
the process of metaphoric perception, children’s performance are not
saliently affected by duration of the time limit. Ultimately, there can
be a good paradigm for strategically identifying metaphoric perception
for children across grades. Thus, this boosts the improvement of
children’s metaphoric perception and subsequently adjust the cognitive
difficulties in it.
A Blockchain-based Smart Contract Model for Secured Energy Trading management in Smart Microgrids
Authors: HU Yuanchao , SU Xiaole , LIU Wei , JIANG Zhipeng , QIU Chan , XIONG Jie , SUN Ju
Published: January 2024

The extension of emerging renewable energy sources such as wind and
water turbines, solar panels, and the increasing usage of electric
vehicles requires the supply and distribution of energy in a small
device on local scale and it has created new methods of supplying and
selling electricity. Middle buyers and end users can obtain the local
energy with the peer-to-peer trading method in this large and
hierarchical market. This method enables market to manage and exchange
the electricity between major suppliers and medium and local levels.
Blockchain technology is developing in peer-to-peer exchange of
electricity and acts as a reliable, efficient and safe technology in the
electricity trading market. In this method, while preserving the privacy
of electricity users, by using smart contracts and by removing
intermediaries in the energy supply and demand market, direct commercial
interactions between energy suppliers and consumers are done. The
Blockchain technology, while creating trust between the parties in the
energy market, reduces the cost of electricity trading and increases its
scalability with using the intermediate energy aggregators. In this
research, the blockchain-based model, is presented for distribution and
peer-to-peer transactions in the energy market. The suggested model
provides the possibility of registration low-cost instant transactions
at the power grid in any specific period of time. The above method,
unlike periodic payments, provides immediate access to bills and small
payments. Since the transactions outside the blockchain chain are not
recorded, this system guarantees its honest and independent operation
without fraud and failure. The smart contract method based on
blockchain, reduces the transaction fees and speeds up electricity
trading.
Phyllanthus chakrabartii sp. nov. (Phyllanthaceae), a striking species from the southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: C.N. Dr. Sunil , KM Dr. Prabhukumar , V Naveen Kumar V , MG Sanilkumar , MS Simi , B Indira
Published: January 2024

A new species of Phyllanthus (Phyllanthaceae), P. chakrabartiisp.
nov.from the southern part of the Western Ghats, India is described here
along with data on distribution, phenology and colour photographs.
The Effect of Early or Late Initiation of Long-Acting Antipsychotics on the Caregiver Burden in Schizophrenia
Authors: Kasay Dilara Cirakman , Karslioglu Ersin Hatice , Bal Nese , Çayköylü Ali
Published: January 2024

Aim: Effective treatment in the early stages of schizophrenia is of
critical importance to improve the prognosis. Schizophrenia affects
patients’ relatives too. The effects of early or late initiation of
long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI-APs) on the patient have been
shown, yet their effects on the caregiver are still unknown. We aimed to
determine how the time of initiation of LAI-APs affects the caregiver
burden by comparing the patients who were started on LAI-APs in the
first five years of diagnosis and those who were started in the later
period. Methods: Patients were classified as ‘early-LAI’ and ‘late-LAI’
according to the time of beginning LAI. Their caregivers were also
classified in the same way, as ‘caregiver-early’ and ‘caregiver-late’,
and were compared in terms of caregiver burden. Results: The quality of
life, depression, anxiety, and caregiver burden scores of the
caregiver-late group were significantly worse. The time of initiation of
LAI-APs was found to be a determinant factor for the caregiver burden.
Conclusions: This is the first study to investigate the effects of
LAI-Aps initiation time on the caregivers to our knowledge. Using
LAI-APs in the early stages is associated with better outcomes for the
caregiver.
Quantum Encryption of Healthcare Images: Enhancing Security and Confidentiality in E-Health Systems
Authors: Kadhim Ahmed J. , Atia Tayseer S.
Published: January 2024

This paper shows how the Generalized Novel Enhancement Quantum
Representation (GNEQR) and the Novel Enhancement Quantum Representation
(NEQR) can encrypt color and grayscale healthcare images with quantum
algorithms. The proposed method ensures the security of medical media,
which is crucial for safeguarding patient confidentiality and safety,
and is supported by e-health systems. Healthcare facility staff members
send cipher color images to the cloud, which they then receive at a
different facility. By decrypting the content of the images, healthcare
staff can securely assist users. C# and Asp.net core MVC on Visual
Studio 2022 were utilized to implement the proposed encryption approach,
and Azure cloud was used. The e-health system gives the proposed method
a safe and effective way to be used in real life. The proposed algorithm
uses bit-plane scrambling to scramble the original image. Then, a 9D
chaotic map is utilized to generate an image key, which is used to
produce the key image and the scrambled position. A quantum XOR
operation is performed between the scrambled image and the scrambled
position of the key image. The final encrypted image is made by mixing
up the color channels of the image. A similar approach is followed for
grayscale images, but instead of using GNEQR, a Novel Enhancement
Quantum Representation (NEQR) is employed. Additionally, the color
channels are not scrambled in this case. Analyses of numbers and
simulations show that the proposed method is more effective, reliable,
and useful than its classical counterpart. The proposed method can be
used with different types of medical images, such as those from
radiology and pathology, and can be used in telemedicine. It provides a
secure way to transmit medical images without compromising patient
privacy. Overall, the proposed framework for quantum encryption of
healthcare images using GNEQR and NEQR could change how medical images
are sent and protected. It is expected to impact the healthcare industry
significantly and can be applied in various e-health systems.
A new Malaxis (Orchidaceae: Malaxidinae) from the Campos de Altitude of the Atlantic Rainforest in southern Brazil
Authors: SANTOS THIAGO DOS , Smidt Eric
Published: January 2024

Malaxis ybytui is proposed as a new species from the wetlands of the
Campos de Altitude of the Atlantic Rainforest of South Brazil. It is
described, illustrated, and compared with other similar species. The new
species is recognised by its flat to slightly conduplicate leaves,
densely congested inflorescence with small flowers bearing free lateral
sepals and four cavities in the lip. It is similar to Malaxis cipoensis
and Malaxis sertulifera, being distinguished by its vegetative and
floral morphology. The species is found in the mountain’s hillside about
1500m elevation in the Serra do Araçatuba\Papanduva
mountain chain. Due to the high degree of endemism in this environment,
the few collection records and the anthropic pressure in the region, we
infer that the species is Critically Endangered (CR).
More secure Outsourcing CP-ABE Scheme under the situation of untrusted PKG
Authors: Zheng Fang , Li B. Pingzhen , Peng C. Xinguang , Li Fouth D. Zhidan
Published: January 2024

The scheme of CP-ABE is widely used in data security protection in cloud
outsourcing service. The architecture based on CP-ABE involves user, SP,
PKG and CSP. Under this situation, PKG is trusted by default. However,
in the real situation, except the default situation, there exists
another scenario, where there is no SP and user communicates with PKG
and CSP directly. In the above environment PKG may be untrusted. Once
PKG is colluded with CSP or PKG is compromised, the adversary can get
the decryption keys from PKG easily and the data preserved on CSP will
be decrypted and leaked. In this paper, we first innovatively propose a
scheme that can resist the attack from the aforementioned situations.
The idea of the scheme is that a factor generated by the user is added
to the secret key and the cipher text. The secret key is added the
factor, which results that even PKG is compromised or untrusted, the
secret key cannot be obtained. We apply the idea on the Li’s scheme and
make it be suitable for the cloud outsourcing environment with an
untrusted PKG. Finally, we prove the security of our scheme.
The Differential Influences of Parenting Styles on Children’s Academic Achievement in Chinese, Mathematics and English: The Chain-Mediating Effects of Academic Motivation and Academic Engagement
Authors: Zhao Yiwei , Yang Yawei , Yu Xiao , Zhu Liling , Zhao Ningxin , Yang Xiujie
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the chain mediating roles of children’s academic
motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) and academic engagement in the
relationships between parenting styles (positive and negative) and their
academic achievements in Chinese, mathematics, and English. The
participants were 433 elementary school children from grades 3 to 5.
After controlling for child’s sex, age, nonverbal intelligence, and
family socioeconomic status, the results found that: (1) positive
parenting styles exhibited a beneficial effect on academic achievement
in Chinese, but not in mathematics and English. Negative parenting
styles did not yield a significant effect on academic achievement in any
of the subjects examined; (2) positive parenting styles could affect
children’s Chinese achievement through their academic engagement and
thorough the chain mediating roles of intrinsic academic motivation and
academic engagement. However, these mediating and chain mediating
effects were not observed in the case of mathematics and English. This
study emphasizes the significance of positive parenting styles
specifically in relation to the Chinese subject, as opposed to
mathematics and English. These findings hold important theoretical and
practical implications for promoting children’s academic achievement.
Andromonoecy and club-like organ development in the annual endemic Iranian Dicyclophora persica (Apiaceae)
Authors: Homaee Mozafar Bagherzadeh , Ajani Yousef
Published: January 2024

Species of Apiaceae despite uniform floral structure show great
variation in floral morphs and sexual distribution. In the present
study, ontogeny of the diclinous flowers within “cage-like”
inflorescence of the andromonoecious Dicyclophora persica Boiss.,
studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in order to recognize
whether they follow the same ontogenetic processes. The development of
interesting unusual club-like organ in center of the umbel, furthermore,
studied. The floral organs in diclinous flowers initiated from the
common sectorial group-like primordia. Petals initiated as clockwise
direction and stamens as modified helical pattern. Perfect flowers,
despite sepal suppression, synchronized with staminate flowers in
initiation of petals, stamens and carpels. In staminate flowers, in
turn, two prominent sepals arise subsequently after initiation of
stamens. Only in late stages, ovules get aborted. The club-like organ
initiated from a naked receptacle that has no resemblances to the
umbellets or flowers. The prolonged spatial constrains imposed by
massive staminate flowers are responsible for suppression of sepals and
sessile status of perfect flowers. Considering the ovules suppression,
staminate flowers may likely adopt to conserve the perfect flowers from
exposing in extreme environmental conditions, but not as substitution
for perfect flowers.
Aspidistra pentagona (Asparagaceae, Convallarioideae), new species from northern Vietnam
Authors: Averyanov Leonid , Nguyen Khang , Tillich Hans-Juergen , Maisak Tatiana , Shvanova Valeria
Published: January 2024

This paper continues the publication of Aspidistra species newly
discovered in the flora of Vietnam. It includes an illustrated
description of A. pentagona, found in northern parts of the country.
Detailed analytical color illustrations, data on morphology and ecology,
phenology, tentative relationships, distribution, and expected
conservation status are provided for the discovered species.
Piloting a Battery to Evaluate Parasympathetic Reactivity and Externalizing Behaviors during Early Childhood in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Braverman Yael , Surmacz Madison , Schnur Gina , Sheikhi Nasim , Faja Susan
Published: January 2024

Background Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Reactivity (RSA-R) correlates
both positively and negatively with externalizing behavior in autistic
individuals. These inconsistencies may result from task-based
differences. Furthermore, RSA-R is understudied in young autistic
children, despite particular challenges with externalizing behavior.
This pilot study measured RSA-R in 4-to 6-year-olds, across two
time-points, using four validated tasks with matched baseline and
challenge periods. Methods RSA and parent-reported externalizing
behavior were collected from 17 children (Mage=5.57 years). RSA-R was
measured by the difference score of the challenge task minus its
corresponding comparison task. Correlations were computed to evaluate
relationships between RSA-R and behavior. Results RSA was reliably
measured for 3/4 tasks (.694 ≤ ICCs ≤ .896). Only RSA-R during a social
task correlated with externalizing behavior. These results support using
a battery that measures a range of challenges, differing in social
demands, to characterize how arousal contributes to emotion regulation
demands among young autistic children.
Comprehensive Characterization of Protein Modifications using Mass Spectrometry and Dry Blood Spots
Authors: Guedes Sofia , Perpetuo Luis , Jacinta Jacinta , Lima Tânia , Pires Ines , Savaiva Francisca , Lourenço André , Moreira Liliana , Moreira Adelino , Barros Antonio , Trindade Fabio , Vitorino Rui
Published: January 2024

Abstract Purpose The main objective of this study is to characterize and
analyze modified peptides in DBS samples. This includes deciphering
their specific PTMs and understanding their potential impact on the
population or disease cohort under study. Experimental design Using mass
spectrometry-based proteomic approaches, we performed a comprehensive
analysis of DBS samples. Our focus was on the identification and
quantification of modified peptides. We also took advantage of recent
advances in DBS mass spectrometry to ensure accurate detection and
quantification. Results A comprehensive analysis identified 976 modified
peptides in DBS samples. Of these, a subset of 211 peptides was
consistently present in all samples, highlighting their potential
biological importance and relevance. This indicates a diverse spectrum
of PTMs in the proteome of DBS samples. Conclusions and clinical
relevance Integration of mass spectrometry and proteomics has revealed a
broad spectrum of modified peptides in DBS samples and highlighted their
importance in biological processes and disease progression. Accurate
detection of these PTMs may be critical for risk stratification and
disease management. This study improves the understanding of molecular
mechanisms underlying biological processes and disease development,
providing important insights for clinical applications.
An overview of the Immune System : What the physician should know
Authors: Weledji Elroy , Ngounou Eleanore
Published: January 2024

The immune response system contributes to the body’s defence against
infection, toxic or allergenic substances and is concerned with the
recognition of tumour cells. In responding to a challenge the immune
system is able to distinguish the body’s own cells and components(self)
via the major histocompatability complex (HLA-DR) class 1 from cells
that are foreign (non-self). The abnormalities of the immune response is
demonstrated in the immunodeficiency diseases (congenital and acquired),
the hypersensitivity reactions that may be involved in producing
autoimmune diseases and the switching-off of T cell function by cancer
cells. The genetic regulation of the immune system have major
implications in clinical medicine as to the understanding of autoimmune
disease and the idiotypic network that militates against autoimmune
response and excessive immune responses. The relationship between immune
function and tumour cells is highly complex but crucial to the
understanding of both tumour rejection and progression mechanisms The
improved knowledge of the immune system has expanded the role of
immunotherapy and vaccine therapy in oncology. The article reviewed the
essential immune mechanisms in health and disease, and the clinical
implications.
Empathic Accuracy across Childhood and in Parent-Child Interactions: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mauroy Anthony , Galdiolo Sarah , Meillerais Sandie , Verhofstadt Lesley , Gaugue Justine
Published: January 2024

Empathic accuracy is an ability to precisely understand someone else’s
current thoughts and feelings during an interaction. EA has mostly been
studied in adult populations, although intra-individual differences in
EA could be explained by age and developmental changes during childhood.
A systematic review was conducted to synthesize the existing literature
on empathic accuracy (EA) in childhood and during parent-child
interactions. Following PRISMA norms, five electronic databases were
searched and yielded 22 references. Most studies were conducted in
samples of adolescents. Besides, the operationalization of EA varied
across studies. Few results support age variations in EA during
childhood. Children’s and parents’ EA is linked to parental and
children’s behaviors during interactions. Parents and children also hold
beliefs that girls and mothers should have higher empathy than boys and
fathers. Finally, this systematic review highlighted a lack of
transparent methodologies and specific assessment of EA in children in
the current literature.
Systematic Review: Comparing zk-SNARK, zk-STARK, and Bulletproof Protocols for Privacy-Preserving Authentication
Authors: El-Hajj Mohammed , Roelink Bjorn Oude , Sarmah Dipti
Published: January 2024

This systematic literature review scrutinizes the implementation and
analysis of zk-SNARK, zk-STARK, and Bulletproof non-interactive
zero-knowledge proof (NIZKP) protocols in privacy-preserving
applications across diverse sectors. Examining 43 research works
published from 2015 to April 2023, we categorized findings into
financial, medical, business, general, and other domains. Our analysis
highlights significant variations in real-world performance across
implementations utilizing NIZKP protocols. However, divergent
methodologies in security analyses hindered conclusive comparisons.
Addressing research gaps, our future endeavors aim to establish a
real-world benchmark for these protocols.
Role of microRNAs in oncogenesis: Insights from computational and systems-level modeling approaches
Authors: Govindaraj Vinodhini , Kar Sandip
Published: January 2024

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (~22 nucleotides)
non-coding RNAs that are often intricately integrated into the
regulatory networks of various cellular processes and govern the cell
fate decision making events associated with oncogenesis by regulating
the gene expression through post-transcriptional modifications. miRNAs
repress the target genes by either degrading the target mRNA or by
inhibiting the process of translation. However, mathematical and
computational modeling of miRNA-mediated target gene regulation in
various cellular network motifs suggests that miRNAs play a much more
complex role in cellular decision-making events. In this review, we give
an overview of the quantitative insights obtained from such kind of
mathematical modeling of miRNA mediated gene regulation by highlighting
the various factors associated with miRNA regulation that are pivotal in
diversifying the cell fate decisions related to oncogenesis.
Intriguingly, recent experiments suggest that miRNAs can even upregulate
the translation of the target protein under certain circumstances, which
may lead to more complexities in miRNA-mediated gene regulations. We
discussed possible avenues to explore such unusual biological
observations related to miRNA’s that can be modeled to get a detailed
understanding of the influence of miRNAs in the context of oncogenesis.
Chronic bladder catheterization for precise urine collection in awake mice
Authors: Andreev-Andrievskiy Alexander , Lagereva Evgeniia , Pankova Nadezda , Mashkin Mikhail , Manskikh Vasily , Frolova Olga , Fadeeva Olga , Telyatnikova Ekaterina
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose Metabolic chambers are routinely used for urine
collection in rodents. In mice, due to small urination volume,
evaporation in the metabolic chambers distorts diuresis and urinalysis
parameters. We have developed a new technique of chronic bladder
catheterization enabling long-term accurate and contamination-free urine
collection in awake male and female mice. The study was aimed to
illustrate its validity for long-term monitoring of diuresis,
pharmacological and pharmacokinetic applications. Experimental Approach
Urine was collected in male and female mice implanted with bladder
catheters or using the metabolic chambers for 30 days, at 1 h resolution
to estimate diurnal variation or at 10 min resolution after water load,
desmopressin, furosemide or phenol red administration. Key Results Urine
recovery in the metabolic cages drops to 50 % at the typical murine
urination volume. Daily diuresis in catheterized mice is more than twice
higher as compared to the metabolic cages. The twofold differences in
urine flow rate are preserved when the circadian variation of diuresis,
the effects of furosemide, desmopressin and water load are estimated
using the two techniques. Reliable pharmacokinetic curves for phenol red
(90 % recovery) were obtained in catheterized mice. Urine osmolarity,
urinalysis and microbiological parameters evidence higher quality of the
catheter-collected urine. 30 days after the surgery catheters were
patent and had minimal impact on the animals’ heath. Conclusion and
Implications Bladder catheterization is a useful tool for
pharmacological and toxicological studies that require urine collection
in mice.
A hypo-immunoreactive derivative lacking the dominant linear Scylla paramamosain allergen epitope
Authors: Li Mengsi , Xia Fei , Chen Yiyu , Liu Meng , Liu Qingmei , Yang Yang , Chen Guixia , Wang Li , Cao Minjie , Liu Guangming
Published: January 2024

Background: Scylla paramamosain frequently elicits IgE-mediated type-I
hypersensitivity reactions. Molecular candidates for crab
allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) have not been studied previously.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of conformational and linear
epitopes on immunoreactivity, and to produce hypo-immunoreactive
derivatives for crab myofibril allergens. Methods: We produced reduced
and alkylated allergens (alkylation performed using iodoacetamide
[IAA]) with destroyed conformational epitopes. We also produced
mutant (mt) allergens with deleted or heat/digestion-treated linear
epitopes. These allergens are collectively referred to here as
derivatives. Structural changes in the derivatives were determined using
circular dichroism and fluorescent probes, and the immunoreactivity of
derivatives was analyzed by performing enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assays (ELISAs) and basophil-activation tests (BATs). Results: Compared
with wild-type allergens (wtALLERGENs), IAA-treated allergens had
dramatically altered protein structures, whereas mutant allergens
(mtALLERGENs) showed slight structural effects. ELISAs revealed the
heterogeneous epitope-recognition patterns with derivatives among 29
crab-sensitive patients, of whom 13% and 62% recognized conformational
and linear epitopes, respectively, whereas 25% recognized both epitope
types to the same extent. mtALLERGENs had lower immunoreactivity than
IAA-treated wtALLERGENs, showing no intergroup difference versus
IAA-treated mtALLERGENs. Furthermore, mtALLERGENs could not bind to IgE
or induce basophil activation in some patients. Conclusions:
Heat/digestion treatment of linear epitopes had a greater influence on
immunoreactivity than their structural destruction. Conformational and
linear epitopes were recognized in patient-specific crab myofibril
allergens. Our results imply that hypo-immunoreactive derivatives of
crab myofibril allergens that specifically lacked linear epitopes may
serve as viable candidates for AIT in patients with crab allergies.
Requirements for a successful Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program - A multicenter international survey among ERAS nurses.
Authors: Pache Basile , Hübner Martin , Martin David , Addor Valerie , Ljungqvist Olle , Demartines Nicolas , Grass Fabian
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Nurses are the linchpin of Enhanced Recovery After
Surgery (ERAS) program, as they are in direct contact with patients and
various caregivers. The aim of the present survey was to assess ERAS key
factors and challenges from a nurse perspective. METHODS Qualitative
study among ERAS dedicated nurses and ERAS Interactive Audit System
(EIAS) administrators using an online questionnaire (Survey Monkey®)
yielding 29 questions. The survey focused on challenges and drawbacks
encountered during ERAS training, implementation and daily clinical
practice. Closed multiple choice- and open-end questions and semantic
differential scales (0-10) were used. Panelists received 3 reminders
within 4 and 8 weeks after invitation. RESULTS 123 out of 306 invited
nurses completed the sur¬vey (response rate 40%). Overall, the success
of the institutional ERAS program was rated a 6.9±2/10. Improving both
patient outcomes (90%) and satisfaction (69%) were rated as main
motivators for ERAS implementation, while time restraints (50%) and
logistics (43%) were identified as main barriers. The study revealed a
wide heterogeneity in coordination and management strategies (ERAS
meetings, work models, teaching strategies). Sustained staff education
before (9.1/10 ) and after (9.1/10) implementation, a dedicated ERAS
coordinator (8.9/10) and regular meetings (8.3/10 scale) were rated as
key factors for a successful program. Difficulty of implementation,
maintenance and data acquisition were all rated >5/10.
CONCLUSION Despite heterogeneity in coordination and management, ERAS
program is evaluated assuccessfully from a nurse perspective. Continuous
staff education and coordination beyond the implementation period appear
to be of utmost importance for a sustained program.
Evaluation of pregnancy outcomes and different management options used in Morbid Adherent placenta
Authors: Mamdouh Ahmed , Ghaleb Mahmoud , Gobran Mai , senity Mohamed El , safty Mohamed El , Hassanine Alaa , kadosi Mohamed El
Published: January 2024

Introduction: MAP is defined as invasion of the placental chronic villi
in to the myometrium, either invading myometrium superficially
(accreta), or deeply (increta), or fully and or neighbouring organs
(percreta) .The management of MAP is caesarean hysterectomy.
Conservative uterine sparing approaches are performed in patients with
strong desire for future fertility& hemodynamic stability. The aim of
this work is the evaluation of different management options for MAP &
its effect on pregnancy outcomes to find the best approach to decrease
MAP associated morbidity & mortality. Methods: Study included 42 MAP
Previa patients Who underwent history taking, examination,
investigations, different management operative options. Maternal and
fetal outcome were recorded. Results: The postoperative complications
are DIC, reoperations, postpartum collapse in 2 patients (4.8%), ICU
admission in 5 cases (11.9%), wound infection, retained products of
conception, chorioamnionitis & pulmonary embolism in 1 patient (2.4%).
Conclusion : Management of MAP may be individualized, according to the
hemodynamic stability & desire for future fertility. Key words:
Placental disorders, Placenta accreta , Morbidly Adherent Placenta,
Management of placenta accreta, postoperative complications of placenta
accreta Abbreviations: MAP: Morbidly Adherent Placenta, CS: caesarean
section. ——————-
Mathematical analysis of the time dependent aligned MHD boundary layer of a nanofluid over a porous radiated stretching/shrinking surface influenced by the heat source/sink
Authors: Khan M. Riaz
Published: January 2024

The two-dimensional unsteady nonlinear coupled partial differential
equations (PDEs) describing the flow of a nanofluid with an aligned
magnetic field is addressed over a porous stretching/shrinking surface.
Moreover, the current study includes the joint effect of suction,
velocity slip, heat generation/absorption, thermal radiations, and
convective conditions. Initially, using the similarity transformations
the governing nonlinear PDEs have been transformed into ordinary
differential equations (ODEs) which are then solved with the help of
bvp4c package in MATLAB. In order to get the graphical results of the
heat transfer and friction drag, some appropriate values are assigned to
the parameters arising from the above several effects. These results
declare that escalating the values of nanoparticles concentration,
suction and unsteadiness parameter escalates the friction drag whereas
it reduces with the escalation of Hartmann number and the slip
parameter. Furthermore, the rate of heat transfer escalates with the
escalating values of the concentration, suction, aligned magnetic field
angle and the radiation parameter, as well as the escalation of Hartmann
number, heat source parameter and the slip parameter causes to reduce
the rate of heat transfer. Finally, it is found that the rate of heat
transfer and the friction drag continuously enhances and declines for
the rising values of stretching parameter respectively.
Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Oxygen Therapy
Authors: Bawaskar himmatrao , Bawaskar Pramodini
Published: January 2024

Pandemic of COVID-19, there was havoc for want of oxygen and ventilator
to ARDS victim due to COVID-19. Many patients died in ambulance during
waiting or on way to hospital for oxygen and ventilator bed. Is oxygen
and ventilator crucial for ARDS survival?
Role of rhizosphere niches and fallow periods on shaping bacterial diversity of shifting agriculture crop field reflect the level of stress in soil ecosystems
Authors: Das Manashi , Goyari Sailendra , Raj Garima , Das Santunu , Das Kamal , Dutta Asim , Sarma Rupak , Brearley Francis , Talukdar Narayan
Published: January 2024

Shifting agricultural soil ecosystem represents stress of varying
degrees depending upon the length of the fallow cycle. In this study, we
try to assess the synergistic effect of microbial diversity on different
rhizospheric niches (loosely adhered and strongly adhered rhizosphere
soil, bulk soil, and the crop root interior) of different fallow cycles
(5, 8, and 20 years) using culture-dependent and independent approaches
along with their metabolic profiling. Culture dependent study shows
higher bacterial diversity in strongly adhered rhizosphere soil followed
by loosely adhered rhizosphere soil (F = 156, p < 0.001)
irrespective of crop type and fallow cycle length. The high-throughput
16S rRNA gene sequencing shows 5% higher bacterial diversity in 5 years
than in 8 and 20 years fallow soil (p < 0.05). The community
composition was significantly affected by the length of fallow periods
in all rhizosphere niches, driven primarily by an increased relative
abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes in long than short fallow
cycles. We have observed a selective promotion of rhizobacterial
communities in different niches of low nutrient soil in the short fallow
period that complies with the crop field’s bacterial metabolic pathways.
Our study answers an inconclusive question on bacterial diversity
dynamics in shifting field crop rhizosphere and soil, highlighting the
predominant role of the bacterial community in the crop grown in a
stressed soil system. This study may provide a scientific roadmap in
developing microbial inoculum for better crop performance in
nutrient-poor soil.
Re-positive nucleic acid test in COVID-19 Patients: A systematic review
Authors: Nowroozi Ali , Karimi Amirali , Alilou Sanam , Khalili Nastaran , Rezaei Nima
Published: January 2024

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
test could be positive for a second time in some cases, after recovery
from their first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) episode. However,
causes of this re-positive test has not been fully understood. In this
paper, the original studies with re-positive COVID-19 patients in their
study population were discussed. Methods: Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and
Cochrane databases were searched and the retrieved records underwent
title/abstract and full-text screenings. Three independent researchers
extracted the data of the studies. Results: The systematic search
yielded 16 case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional studies. Data of
10,475 patients were included; 489 (4.67%) of them classified as
re-positive. The female percentage and mean age for re-positive and
non-re-positive groups were 56.82% and 50.0 ± 18.0, and 55.91% and
46.6 ± 17.1, respectively. The rate of symptom presentation upon second
positive test turned out to be 20.0%, with the most common symptoms
being cough (68.2%), fever (31.8%), and fatigue (22.7%). Hypertension
(15.9%) accounted for the most common underlying disease in the
re-positive group. In 33/46 (71.7%) of the re-positive patients,
computed tomography (CT) abnormalities were resolved to some extent.
Conclusion: A re-positive SARS-CoV-2 test is possible within a few weeks
after recovery, although it does not necessarily indicate a
re-infection. Other reasons could lead to a re-positive test such as
reactivation of the virus that persisted in the body from the previous
COVID-19 episode and testing errors. Clinical features such as symptoms
and imaging could assist in identifying re-infections.
Salicylic Acid Signals Recruit Soil Microorganisms to Cooperate Resistance to Watermelon Fasurium wilt
Authors: Zhu Feiying , Fang Yong , Wang Zhiwei , Chen Xi , Luo Zhengliang , Xiao Langtao , Wang Ruozhong
Published: January 2024

In order to find out the mechanism of how salicylic acid signal recruit
soil microorganisms to explain their cooperate resistance to Fusarium
wilt disease in watermelon plants. In this experiment, we have examined
the soil microbial diversity at three different sampling times after
salicylic acid application by metagenomic sequencing using Illumina
HiSeq platform. The results showed that the incidence of Watermelon
Fusarium Wilt was significantly lower than control group after SA
application. Collectively, our results indicated that SA signal may
activate the immune signal in watermelon plants by mediating rhizosphere
microbial community to cooperate enhancing resistance to disease.
Notably, SA signal have highly increased the distribution of resistance
genes from GH (Glycoside Hydrolases) and PL (Polysaccharide Lyases)
after 3 days post inoculation of FON1, and those corresponding
resistance genes may came from Proteobacteria because its highest
relative abundance. Therefore, our results suggested that the induced
resistant observed in watermelon against Fusarium wilt might be a case
of cooperate resistance dependent on salicylic acid signal to recruit
soil microorganisms.