bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ONLY «UNIVERSITY WITHOUT TEACHERS» IN THE WORLD AND THE METHOD OF COLLECTIVE MUTUAL LEARNING
Authors: Голубев Е.Б.
Published: August 2024

В 1928–1930 годах в Москве в ОГВТО (Объединении групп по высшему техническому образованию) – во втузе, созданном самими обучающимися, – был осуществлен самый масштабный эксперимент по освоению студентами профессии инженера. Благодаря успешному применению метода коллективного взаимного обучения А.Г. Ривина получение высшего образования там происходило без преподавателей – поэтому ОГВТО называли «диким вузом» или «вузом без профессоров». Описана технология метода, который позволяет достичь удивительных результатов в совместном обучении людей разного возраста и разного уровня подготовки. Приведены результаты проверки эффективности обучения студентов ОГВТО авторитетной комиссией Наркомпроса, описана дальнейшая судьба уникального втуза.

In 1928–1930 in Moscow in the OGVTO (Association of groups for higher technical education) – in the college, created by the students themselves – the most ambitious experiment on mastering the profession of an engineer was carried out by students. Thanks to the successful application of the A.G.Rivin’s method of collective mutual learning received higher education there without teachers – therefore, the OGVTO was called a «wild university» or «university without professors». The technology of the method is described, which allows to achieve amazing results in the joint training of people of different ages and different levels of training. The results of the verification of the effectiveness of training of students of the OGVTO by the authoritative commission of the People’s Commissariat for Education are described, the further destiny of the unique technical school is described.
CIRCASSIAN (ADYGHE) MUSICAL PICTURE WORLD: «IMAGE-MEANING» SACRED AND INFORMATIONAL STRUCTURES
Authors: Гучева А.В.
Published: August 2024

Представленная работа посвящена анализу архаичной музыки как «текста» и социокультурного кода традиции с собственным «образ-смыслом», то есть материал «воссоздания» и «деконструкции» семантики и символики музыкальных воплощений. В соответствии со стремлением к синтезу и детализации архаичная музыка расчленяется на сферу музыкальной семантики и символики (текст, символ, знак и т.д.), что позволило выявить ее устойчивые коды как «образ-смысл» сакрального, а также рассмотреть как определенные полнозначных элементы-лексемы звукового, языкового и текстового кода действа, через семантическое и символическое воплощение инструментального наигрыша, строго оформленных и мотивированных во времени и пространстве музыкальной и мифологической картинах мира. Постановка задачи и практическая сторона исследования позволила воссоздать представления о музыке мифа как о средстве особой коммуникации с описанием ее семантических и символических единиц выступающими как «образ-смысл» сакрального.

The presented work is devoted to the analysis of archaic music as a «text» and the socio-cultural code of tradition with its own «imagemeaning», that is, the material of «reconstruction» and «deconstruction» of semantics and symbolism of musical incarnations. In accordance with the desire for synthesis and detail, archaic music is divided into the sphere of musical semantics and symbolism (text, symbol, sign, etc.), which made it possible to identify its stable codes as the «image-meaning» of the sacred, as well as to consider them as certain full-meaning elements-lexemes of the sound, language and text code of the action, through the semantic and symbolic embodiment of instrumental play, strictly decorated and motivated in time and space musical and mythological paintings of the world. The setting of the task and the practical side of the study made it possible to recreate ideas about the music of myth as a means of special communication with a description of its semantic and symbolic units acting as the «image-meaning» of the sacred.
The light way of Zalimhan Dyshekov
Authors: Тхагазитов Ю.М.
Published: August 2024

Статья посвящена известному кабардинскому поэту-песеннику и композитору Залимхану Дышекову. Дана краткая характеристика лучших произведений З. Дышекова, которые заложили фундамент развития национальной поэтической и музыкальной культуры кабардинцев. Проведен анализ самых популярных песен автора «Светлый путь» и «Утренний танец», на основании которых выстраивается своеобразие поэтики и творчества З. Дышекова. Автор статьи также рассматривает роль и место З. Дышекова в рамках эволюции творческой индивидуальности и национального историко-культурного процесса.

The article is dedicated to the famous Kabardian songwriter and compositor Zalimhan Dyshekov. A brief description of the best works of Zalimhan Dyshekov, which underlies the development of the national poetic and musical culture of the Kabardians, is given. The author analyzes the most popular songs of the author «The Bright Way» and «Morning Dance», on the basis of which the originality of poetry and creativity of Z. Dyshekov is built. The author of the article also examines the role and place of Z. Dyshekov within the framework of the evolution of creative individuality and the national historical and cultural process.
German songs of the year round
Authors: Петри Э.К.
Published: August 2024

Традиционная музыкальная европейская культура, в том числе и немецкая, в российском музыкознании изучена мало: внимание исследователей сосредоточено на профессиональной музыке. Знание «основных этапов развития западноевропейского фольклора» и «жанров зарубежного народного музыкального творчества» является требованием Государственного образовательного стандарта среднего профессионального образования специальности «Теория музыки»1, но учебника по зарубежной народной музыкальной культуре нет. Цель данной статьи отчасти ликвидировать данную лакуну и дать краткую характеристику немецким песням круга года (определение «календарные песни» в хрестоматиях, изданных в Германии, не встречается). Отмечается древнее происхождение песен круга года и их постепенная трансформация: первоначально связанные с земледельческим циклом, они изменили содержание. Языческие праздники вытеснялись христианскими, а условия городского образа жизни не требовали привязанности песен к определенным сельскохозяйственным работам. Приводятся нотные примеры наиболее популярных в Германии песен круга года (в России они не издавались), представляется информация об их происхождении. Анализируется интонационный строй песен, делается вывод об особом значении в нем сигнальной интонации.

Traditional European music culture, including German, is little studied in Russian musicology: the researchers ' attention is focused on professional music. Knowledge of the" main stages of development of Western European folklore "and" genres of foreign folk music "is a requirement of the State educational standard of secondary professional education specialty" Theory of music", but there is no textbook on foreign folk music culture. The purpose of this article is to partly eliminate this lacuna and give a brief description of the German songs of the year (the defi nition of "calendar songs" in the anthologies published in Germany, is not found). There is an ancient origin of the songs of the year and their gradual transformation: originally associated with the agricultural cycle, they changed the content. Pagan holidays were superseded by Christian, and the conditions of the urban way of life did not require the attachment of songs to certain agricultural works. Music examples of the most popular songs of the year in Germany (in Russia they were not published) are given, information about their origin is given. Analyzes the intonation of the songs, the conclusion about the special value of the signal tone.
Calendar-ritual song cycle of the Upper Ook tradition: ethnographic context, semantics, functions
Authors: Чернобаева О.В.
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматриваются календарные обряды и песни Верхнего Поочья в контексте годового земледельческого круга. Очаг верхнеокской песенной традиции территориально соотносится с расселением древнего славянского племени вятичей. Современные границы исследуемой традиции очерчиваются в пределах Орловской, Тульской и Калужской областей, а также части северо-восточных районов Брянской и восточных районов Смоленской областей. В фокусе исследования находятся вопросы функциональной направленности и семантического значения напевов в структуре музыкально-этнографического текста того или иного обряда. Центральное место в системе календарно-обрядовых праздников занимают обряды зимнего обхода дворов на Рождество, весенние обрядовые заклички, обряды и песни троицкого периода. Особое внимание уделяется изучению музыкально-стилевых черт рассматриваемых песенных жанров с позиции стабильных и мобильных элементов звуковысотной стороны напевов. Важной деталью всех календарных праздников является включение в обрядовую музыкальную сферу не приуроченных жанров лирических, хороводных и плясовых песен. В большинстве случаев они берут на себя роль замещения обрядовых напевов, тем самым расширяя границы звукового кода обряда.

The article deals with the calendar rites and songs of the Upper Pooch region in the context of the annual agricultural circle. The hearth of the Upper Oka song tradition is geographically correlated with the settlement of the ancient Slavic tribe Vyatichi. The modern boundaries of the studied tradition are outlined within the Orel, Tula and Kaluga regions, as well as parts of the northeastern districts of the Bryansk and eastern districts of the Smolensk regions. The research focuses on the issues of functional orientation and semantic meaning of chants in the structure of the musical and ethnographic text of a particular rite. The central place in the system of calendar and ritual holidays is occupied by the rites of the winter round of the yards at Christmas, spring ritual calls and rites and songs of the Trinity period. Special attention is paid to the study of musical and stylistic features of the song genres under consideration from the position of stable and mobile elements of the pitch side of the tunes. An important detail of all calendar holidays is the inclusion of non-timed genres of lyrical, round dance and dance songs in the ritual musical sphere. In most cases, they take on the role of replacing ritual chants, thereby expanding the boundaries of the sound code of the rite.
Five elements of the Universe in the symphony suite «Wu Xing» by Chen Qigang
Authors: Ли Я. , Кром А.Е.
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема воплощения даосской философской концепции У син в одноименной симфонической сюите современного китайско-французского композитора Чэнь Цигана. Опираясь на ключевой принцип взаимопорождения пяти первоэлементов мироздания (Вода – Дерево – Огонь – Земля –Металл), отраженный в древних китайских трактатах, музыкант выстраивает драматургию цикла в соответствии с ним. Для характеристики природных стихий в их традиционном понимании Чэнь Циган прибегает к авангардным приемам европейской музыки – сонорике, ограниченной алеаторике, репетитивной технике, искусно соединяя их с пятиступенными ладами и имитацией тембров древних китайских инструментов.

The article examines the problem of the embodiment of the Taoist philosophical concept of Wu Xing in the symphonic suite of the same name by the modern Chinese-French composer Chen Qigang. Based on the key principle of intergeneration of the five primary elements of the Universe (Water-Wood-Fire-Earth-Metal), reflected in ancient Chinese treatises, the musician builds his cycle in accordance with it. To characterize the natural elements in their traditional understanding, Chen Qigang resorts to the avant-garde techniques of European music – sonorous music (sonorica), Indeterminate music, repetitive technique, skillfully combining them with pentatonic and imitation of the timbres of ancient Chinese instruments.
Indian Rhythms in the Michael Nyman’s Second String Quartet
Authors: Алексеева А.Ю.
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматриваются особенности адаптации ритмов Карнатакской традиции (Южная Индия) во Втором струнном квартете (1988) Майкла Наймана. В работе освещается история создания опуса и проводится анализ ритмической организации сочинения. Выясняется, что закономерности индийской ритмики проявляются в метрической организации частей цикла, ритмов отдельных партий и всей партитуры. В заключении делается вывод о специфике трансформации индийских ритмов в наймановском Квартете, а также выявляются черты композиторской техники британского автора.

The article discusses the features of the adapting of the rhythms of the Karnataka tradition (South India) in the Michael Nyman’s Second String Quartet (1988). The article describes the history of the creation of the opus and the analysis of the rhythmic organization of the cycle. Indian rhythmics is manifested in the metrical organization of the cycle movements and the rhythmics of the individual voices and the entire score. The conclusion is made about the interpretation of Indian rhythms in the Nyman’s Quartet, as well as about the specifi cs of the composer’s technique of the British author.
DESIGN OF ONBOARD SYSTEMS OF INTELLECTUAL SUPPORT FOR THE CREW OF THE AIRCRAFT
Authors: ДЖАНДЖГАВА Г.И. , БАБИЧЕНКО А.В. , БАЗЛЕВ Д.А. , ГЕРАСИМОВ Г.И. , КАВИНСКИЙ В.В. , ОРЕХОВ М.И. , ПРЯДИЛЬЩИКОВ А.П.
Published: August 2024

Показана объективная актуальность интеллектуализации бортового оборудования летательных аппаратов как процесса перераспределения основных задач управления между экипажем и оборудованием. На основе опыта проводимых в РПКБ исследований даны основные положения задач поэтапной интеллектуализации и рассмотрены практические вопросы введения в состав бортового оборудования динамических экспертных систем.

The objective relevance of the intellectualization of the onboard equipment of aircraft as a process of redistributing the main control tasks between the crew and the equipment is shown. On the basis of the experience of the research carried out at the RDC, the main provisions of the tasks of phased intellectualization are given and the practical issues of introducing dynamic expert systems into the on-board equipment are considered.
MANN-KENDALL TEST FOR ESTIMATION OF EMISSION TRENDS OF STATIONARY POLLUTION SOURCES AT RUSSIAN FEDERATION TERRITORY
Authors: ИВАНОВ В.А. , ПОЗДНЯКОВА Е.А. , ГРОМОВ С.А.
Published: August 2024

В работе рассмотрено применение теста Манна-Кендалла и метода Сена для определения наличия и величины тенденций общей эмиссии и эмиссии от стационарных источников тяжелых металлов на территории РФ. Представлен сравнительный анализ данных Росстата РФ о суммарных выбросах специфических загрязняющих веществ (свинца, кадмия и ртути) от стационарных источников за период с 2000 по 2017 год и данных центра ЕМЕП по инвентаризации выбросов CEIP (суммарных атмосферных выбросов этих металлов на территории РФ с 1990 по 2015 год). Показаны непротиворечивые оценки нисходящих тенденций для общей эмиссии свинца и кадмия, эмиссии свинца и тенденция к увеличению эмиссии ртути от стационарных источников на территории РФ. Результаты трендового анализа не противоречат результатам корреляционного анализа. Показана возможность применение теста Манна-Кендалла и метода Сена для проведения трендового анализа данных о суммарной эмиссии тяжелых металлов от стационарных источников и общей эмиссии металлов для территории РФ с возможностью прогнозирования на краткосрочную перспективу.

The article considers the application of the Mann-Kendall test and the Sen’s slope method to determine the presence and value of trends in total emissions and emissions from stationary sources of lead, cadmium and mercury in the Russian Federation. An analysis of Rosstat data on total emissions of specific pollutants (lead, cadmium and mercury) from stationary sources for the period from 2000 to 2017 (for cadmium up to 2013) is presented, and the analysis of data from the EMEP center on emission inventory CEIP on the total atmospheric emissions of lead, cadmium and mercury was carried out for the period from 1990 to 2015. It is shown that for the total emission of lead and emission of lead from stationary sources on the territory of the Russian Federation there are downward trends, and there is also a downward trend for the total emission of cadmium on the territory of the Russian Federation. There is a tendency to an increase in mercury emissions from stationary sources on the territory of the Russian Federation. Trend estimation results do not contradict the results of the correlation analysis. The possibility of using the Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope method for trend analysis of emission data (total emission and stationary pollution source emission of heavy metals) for the territory of the Russian Federation for short-term forecasting are shown.
NORTHERN CAUCASUS IN RUSSIA’S RELATIONS WITH IRAN AND TURKEY IN THE FIRST HALF. 40’S YY. XVIII CENTURY
Authors: Кидирниязов Д.С. , Рабаданова А.У.
Published: August 2024

В статье на основе архивного материала и научной литературы, на фоне сложных исторических событий показана роль народов Северного Кавказа во взаимоотношениях России с Персией и Портой в исследуемый период. Авторами на конкретных примерах раскрывается миротворческая составляющая российской политики в регионе. В свою очередь, по мнению авторов, героическая борьба народов Дагестана с Надир-шахом, не позволила последнему реализовать свои завоевательные планы в отношении южнорусских рубежей.

The article, based on archival material and scientifi c literature, against the background of complex historical events, shows the role of the peoples of the North Caucasus in Russia’s relations with Persia and Porte during the period under study. The authors reveal the peacekeeping component of Russian policy in the region using specific examples. In turn, according to the uthors, the heroic struggle of the peoples of Dagestan with Nadir Shah did not allow the latter to realize his plans of conquest in relation to the southern Russian borders.
THE FIRST NOBEL PRIZE FOR LITERATURE: R. SULLY-PRUDHOMME, T. MOMMSEN AND B. BJORNSON
Authors: Тютюнник В.М. , Мешкунов В.С. , Евсеева О.А.
Published: August 2024

На фоне кратких биографий первых лауреатов Нобелевской премии по литературе (Рене Сюлли-Прюдома, Теодора Моммзена, Бьёрнстьерне Бьёрнсона) приведены малоизвестные сведения о выдвижениях на Нобелевскую премию и её вручении. Обсуждено выдвижение Л.Н. Толстого на Нобелевскую премию. Обсуждены некоторые ошибки, которые встречаются в литературе по поводу Нобелевских премий.

Little-known information about extensions for the Nobel Prize and its delivery are lists against the backdrop of vitae the first winners of the Nobel Prize in Literature (Rene Sully-Prudhomme, Theodore Mommsen, Bjornstjerne Bjornson). Nomination of Leo Tolstoy for the Nobel Prize is discussed. Some bugs that are found in the literature about the Nobel Prizes are discussed.
Religious Investor Sentiment, Shariah Compliance Impact, and Theological Risk: Evidence from Bursa Malaysia
Authors: Yaş Murat , Mohd Rasid Mohamed Eskandar Shah , Aysan Ahmet Faruk , Azmat Saad
Published: August 2024

This study examines the financial implications of religious restrictions by analyzing how changes in the Shariah compliance status of stocks affect their price and trading volume. Employing the market model in an event study approach and using data from Malaysian firms between 2000 and 2016, the study focuses on 30 announcements from the Security Commission Malaysia’s List of Shariah Compliant Securities (LSCS), resulting in 370 additions and 284 deletions from the compliance list. The findings indicate that the inclusion of stocks in the compliance list generates longterm demand driven by Islamic institutional and Muslim retail investors, leading to a permanent increase in abnormal returns and trading volume. Conversely, the removal of stocks from the compliance list induces short-term negative abnormal returns and increased trading volume, reflecting selling pressure. These results contribute to understanding the financial consequences of religious restrictions, highlighting the influence of Shariah compliance on stock market performance and investor behaviour.
Is Islamic Banking Sustainable in Terms of Financial Performance? Empirical Evidence from GCC Countries
Authors: Kazak Hasan , Karataş Ali Rauf , Akcan Melike Buse , Azazi Hasan
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to evaluate the Islamic banking sector with the help of financial performance criteria and to reveal whether the sector is sustainable or not. The sustainability analysis uses the latest unit root tests that take into account Fourier expansions. The study uses unit root tests, which are generally used to analyze the sustainability of public debt, with updated versions that differ from the literature and with the help of financial performance indicators of the banking sector for sustainability analysis. The study uses the data of the Islamic banking sector operating in the member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) for the 4th quarter of 2013 and the 2nd quarter of 2022. The quarterly data of “ROA, ROE and Net Profit Margin” are considered as financial performance indicators for sustainability analysis. Although the results of the empirical analysis show different results for each of the financial indicators of Islamic banking in the analyzed countries, in general it shows that the Islamic banking sector operating in all GCC countries except the UAE is sustainable in terms of the financial indicators used in at least one category. These results show that the development of Islamic banking is real and promising for the future. Therefore, the development of projects that contribute to the development of the Islamic financial sector and the support of this sector is an important responsibility for the relevant parties. It is expected that these results will provide important signals to the policymakers of the respective countries and contribute to the healthy development of the Islamic banking sector.
Proposing Circular Economy for Enhancing the e-Waste Recycling in Turkiye
Authors: Mohammad Bakr Ayman , Cherif El Amr Mohamed , Omar Mohammed Mustafa , Kastacı Hüsrev , Erol Turan
Published: August 2024

Wastes from electrical and electronics equipment (WEEE), also referred to as e-waste, contain high-value of precious metals. Yet WEEE has huge adverse environmental threats and health hazards. Several literatures have examined the adverse effects of WEEE, and few have proposed remedial measures for mitigating these e-waste risks. The measures have focused on recycling the precious metals within e-waste back into the economy. These studies have, however, acknowledged that the current recycling processes tend to be costly, and their results are not viable for the economy. The present study proposes a shift in recycling from a linear to a circular economy in Turkiye. It has adopted a qualitative method in the form of interviews with 13 experts on the subject. The major findings of the study show that: 1) Turkiye lacks the efficiency, proper planning, and adequate law related to e-waste management; 2) The legal regulations related to WEEE management are stale and undeveloped, 3) Recycling in Turkiye is underdeveloped. This study provides valuable information for future research on the factors that will help to improve recycling in Turkiye.
Electrochemical Phase Interconversion Enables Homogeneous-Heterogeneous Bifunctionality in Pd-Catalyzed Vinyl Acetate Synthesis
Authors: Harraz Deiaa M. , Lodaya Kunal , Tang Bryan Y. , Surendranath Yogesh
Published: August 2024

Current mechanistic paradigms in catalysis generally hold that a catalytic cycle is carried out by either a homogeneous or heterogeneous active species. Herein, we show that a prominent industrial process, palladium-catalyzed vinyl acetate synthesis, proceeds via interconversion of heterogeneous Pd(0) and homogeneous Pd(II) during catalysis, with each species playing a complementary role. Using electrochemical probes, we find that heterogeneous nanoparticulate Pd(0) serves as an active oxygen reduction electrocatalyst to furnish the high driving force required for corrosion to form homogeneous Pd(II), which then catalyzes selective ethylene acetoxylation with re-formation of heterogeneous Pd(0). Inhibiting the corrosion of Pd(0) to Pd(II) by galvanic protection results in reversible poisoning of catalysis, highlighting the essential role of phase conversion in this catalytic cycle. These results challenge the tacit assumption that catalysis proceeds via either homogeneous or heterogeneous modes, and instead highlights how dynamic phase interconversion can serve to harness and couple complementary reactivity across molecular and material active sites.
A field-portable technology for illicit drug discrimination via deep learning of hybridized reflectance/fluorescence spectro-scopic fingerprints
Authors: Power Alexander , Gardner Matthew , Andrews Rachael , Cozier Gyles , Kumar Ranjeet , Freeman Tom , Blagbrough Ian , Scott Jennifer , Frinculescu Anca , Shine Trevor , Taylor Gillian , Norman Caitlyn , Menard Herve , Nic Daeid Niamh , Sutcliffe Oliver , Husbands Stephen , Bowman Richard , Haines Tom , Pudney Christopher
Published: August 2024

Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS) pose one of the greatest challenges across the illicit drug landscape. They can be highly potent, and coupled with rapid changes in structure, tracking and identifying these drugs is difficult, and presents users with a ‘Russian roulette’ if used. Benzodiazepines, synthetic opioids, synthetic cannabinoids and synthetic cathi-nones account for the majority of NPS related deaths and harm. Detecting these drugs with existing field-portable technol-ogies is challenging and has hampered the development of community harm reduction services and interventions. Herein, we demonstrate that hybridizing fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopies can accurately identify NPS and provide concentration information, with a focus on benzodiazepines and nitazenes. The discrimination is achieved through a deep learning algorithm trained on a library of pre-processed spectral data. We demonstrate the potential for these measure-ments to be made using a low-cost, portable device that requires minimal user training. Using this device, we demon-strate the discrimination of 11 benzodiazepines and from ‘street’ tablets that include bulking agents and other excipients. We show the detection of complex mixtures of multiple drugs, with the key example of nitazene + benzodiazepine (metonitazene + bromazolam), fentanyl + xylazine and heroin + nitazene (etonitazene) combinations. These samples represent current drug trends and associated with drug related deaths. When combined with the implementation of detection technology in a portable device, these data point to the immediate potential to support harm reduction work in community-based settings. Finally, we demonstrate that the approach may be more broadly generalized to other drug classes outside of NPS discrimination.
C6 to C17 Organic Products from Artificial Photosynthesis Catalyzed by 2-Phenyl Indole (PI) Titanium Tetrachloride Complex (PI)2TiCl4. The Synergism of Hydroxyl Radicals.
Authors: Arzoumanidis Gregory , Paraskevas Michail
Published: August 2024

Abstract The newly discovered process of Artificial Photosynthesis, catalyzed by 2-phenyl indole (PI) and TiCl4 complexes activated by visible light, can produce long-chain oxygenated hydrocarbons up to C17. This begins with the formation of α-carboxylic acid-ω-aldehyde compounds ranging from C6 to C9, which result from a cascade of autocatalytic organotitanium complexes originating from (PI)₂TiCl₄. These complexes form after hydrolysis by ambient air humidity and the direct atmospheric capture (DAC) of CO2. The carbon chain growth leverages system-generated formaldehyde as a feedstock. The initial C6 to C9 compounds may undergo further dimerization through a radical process initiated by hydroxyl radicals. A proposed mechanism explores the synergistic interaction between organotitanium catalysis and hydroxyl radicals.
Epitranscriptome-wide Approach for Identifying Specific Writer of RNA Modification as Knockdown Target for Resensitizing Glioblastoma Cells to Temozolomide Treatment
Authors: Chiu Norman , Simpson Jennifer , Morales Shnaider Frank , Fleming Renata , Tannous Bakhos
Published: August 2024

Background: The resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) treatment remains a challenge in caring for many patients with glioblastoma (GBM) tumors. There is growing interest in unraveling the roles of epitranscriptome in cancer. Among all the known RNA modifications, 6 different modifications have been individually linked to GBM. In one of those earlier studies, Zhao and his associates reported TMZ treatment would induce higher expression of METTL3, which is one of the writers for N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification. By combining the TMZ treatment with METTL3 silencing, the growth of TMZ-resistant xenograft was suppressed. To achieve untargeted epitranscriptome-wide analysis, our group has recently developed a mass spectrometric method that can accurately quantify each RNA modification despite its identity. Aim: In this pilot study, we aim to use an epitranscriptome-wide approach to identify a new potential target for alleviating the resistance of GBM cells to TMZ treatment. Methods and Results: In this study, patient-derived GBM cell lines that were classified as TMZ-sensitive or TMZ-resistant were chosen as in vitro models. Using our developed method, the epitranscriptomes of selected GBM cell lines were profiled. By comparing the epitranscriptomic profiles, upregulated RNA modifications were identified and correlated to the TMZ resistance. One of the most upregulated modifications is N6-methyl-N6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine (m6t6A). The association of m6t6A upregulation to TMZ resistance was confirmed by comparing the epitranscriptomes in xenografts with either primary or recurrent GBM cells. Aiming to resensitize TMZ-resistant GBM cells, the writer for m6t6A modification, known as tRNA methyltransferase O (TRMO), in selected TMZ-resistant GBM cell cultures was knocked down. The resulting cells were resensitized to lower dosages of TMZ. Conclusion: This pilot study demonstrates the use of comprehensive epitranscriptomic profiling is a feasible approach for identifying specific RNA writer of RNA modifications as a knockdown target for resensitizing GBM cells to TMZ treatment.
Implementing Islamic Banking in Uzbekistan
Authors: Umarov Shukhrat , Tlemsani Issam , Hashim Mohamed Ashmel Mohamed , Matthews Robin
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This research investigates how to implement the Islamic banking system in Uzbekistan. It explores the need, size of the potential demand and supply of Sharīʿah-compliant products and services. The study also identifies opportunities and challenges of implementing Islamic banking in Uzbekistan and provides insight into how to overcome those challenges. This paper aims to fill the gap and answer the following questions: why is there a need to introduce an Islamic banking system in Uzbekistan? Research Methodology: Exploratory research was conducted to explore the opportunities and challenges of implementing Islamic banking instruments in Uzbekistan. It relies on mixed methods and a combined approach. Empirical data was collected from 400 members of the public and 45 professionals in the capital of Uzbekistan-Tashkent. The questionnaire was distributed randomly to adult residents using a survey and structured interviews based on the fieldwork carried out in Tashkent. Data were analysed using statistical methods. Findings: This research reveals novel findings and results indicate that the potential demand exists as demonstrated by the samples. This research recommends Uzbekistan government revise the following: existing legislation, Central Bank rules and regulations, Tax Code, Civil Code, Law on Commodities, prudent Regulatory Framework for Islamic Financial Institutions (IFI), and human capital need to be developed. The country can cooperate with the Islamic Development Bank Group and other foreign organizations to achieve these tasks. Practical implications: The implications of this research are to provide a road map to the regulators, policymakers, governments, and the financial industry on how to introduce Islamic banking and finance in Uzbekistan. A likely remedy is the incorporation of Islamic financial instrument principles through the equitization of mortgages. As far as the author's knowledge this is the first research assessing the markets for Islamic banking in Uzbekistan. Originality/Value: This research complements the existing literature on why there is a need to implement Islamic banking in Uzbekistan and it contributes towards filling the gap as no empirical research exists. This paper sketches an avenue for further research in Islamic banking in Uzbekistan.
CIDADE À DERIVA – INQUIETAÇÕES E APONTAMENTOS SOBRE A REPRODUÇÃO E A FRAGMENTAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO EM RECIFE/PE
Authors: Alves dos Santos Otávio Augusto
Published: August 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar algumas inquietações e refl exões a propósito do processo de reprodução e fragmentação do espaço na cidade do Recife. Esse objetivo tem sido perseguido a partir do estudo qualitativo e sob base materialista da “vida entre-muros”, hoje evidente pela emergência dos condomínios e loteamentos fechados. Tomando como ponto de partida a Região Metropolitana do Recife, argumenta-se que esses “enclaves fortifi cados” dão a tônica do processo de reprodução do espaço, pondo em relevo uma fragmentação que, junto as formas de governo baseadas em consenso, têm ocasionado a dissolução do espaço público.
O TERRITÓRIO DO LIXO: DISCUTINDO O CASO DOS CATADORES DE MATERIAIS DE JACOBINA – BAHIA
Authors: Mena Lima Menezes Rios Emille , Ramos de Oliveira Roseli , Gonzaga da Cruz Júnior Adalberto , Jorge Barbosa de Moura Geraldo
Published: August 2024

Durante muito tempo, não se sabia o que fazer com os resíduos sólidos urbanos gerados, limitando-se apenas a descartá-lo em uma área distante dos centros urbanos, os conhecidos lixões. No Brasil, de acordo com a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos - PNRS os "lixões" deveriam ter sido erradicados até 2014. Embora tenha havido prorrogação desse prazo, a Lei nº 12.305/2010, se apresenta de grande relevância uma vez que é a primeira legislação brasileira a tratar especificamente da questão dos resíduos sólidos e propor a sua adequada gestão e gerenciamento. As áreas dos lixões confirmaram-se, durante muito tempo, como território de identidade dos catadores de lixo, sendo estes o espaço onde eles moravam, de onde comiam, vestiam e garantiam o sustento das suas famílias. A determinação legal da PNRS para a extinção dos lixões acabara por promover a (des) territorialização dos catadores com o lugar, obrigando-os a se (re)territorializarem no novo espaço de aterros controlados. Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir acerca do processo de territorialização-reterritorialização-desterritorialização dos catadores de materiais recicláveis em Jacobina – Bahia.  Para o seu desenvolvimento foi necessária primariamente uma pesquisa de levantamento bibliográfico, visita à área de estudo e busca de dados em documentos do arquivo da Cooperativa de Catadores de Materiais Recicláveis Recicla Jacobina, buscando oferecer dados que possibilite uma melhor compreensão do tema tendo em vista o agravo dos lixões nos ambientes urbanos causando grandes problemas ambientais de ordem social, cultural, econômico, de saúde e ambiental.
O conceito de Paganismo na Filosofia de Kierkegaard: Algumas Reflexões
Authors: Paula Márcio Gimenes de
Published: August 2024

O objetivo geral do nosso artigo é investigar, do ponto de vista filosófico, a origem do termo paganismo (paganus em latim) especialmente a partir da sua comparação com o cristianismo e como tal conceito ainda será importante no pensamento e na crítica de Kierkegaard no século XIX. Em dinamarquês se diz hedenskab. Por qual motivo, então, parece-nos importante a investigação do conceito de paganismo na obra kierekgaardiana? No nosso entender, dois deles se destacam: 1) Trata-se de um termo importante em toda a obra do autor dinamarquês e que efetivamente a atravessa, isto é, está presente do início ao final de sua produção; 2) É importante no contexto filosófico do século XIX e XX, notadamente entre os autores pós-hegelianos como Feuerbach, Nietzsche, Overbeck, Burckhardt e outros. Em nossa visão, Kierkegaar está inserido entre eles. A fim de atingir tal objetivo analisaremos o tema do paganismo em fragmentos de cinco obras kierkegaardianas, a saber, O Conceito de angústia de autoria do pseudonímico Vigilius Haufniensis, Migalhas filosóficas e Pós-Escrito Ã s Migalhas filosóficas, ambas de autoria do pseudonímico Johannes Climacus e Doença Mortal e Exercício do cristianismo, ambas do pseudonímico Anti-Climacus .
La Mediación y el Misterio: El Concepto de Religión Sin Esencia en el Pensamiento de Bernhard Welte: sus Fundamentos y Posibles Correctivos
Authors: Garrido Maturano Ángel Enrique
Published: August 2024

Resumen                                                                                     
El artículo se ocupa del concepto de religión sin esencia en el pensamiento de Bernhard Welte y de su conexión con las nociones  kierkegaardianas de fe, escándalo y comunicación indirecta. Primero describe la esencia de la religión como fe existencial en el Misterio. Luego muestra la absolutización de la esfera de mediación como el lugar donde acontece la pérdida de esencia de la religión. Posteriormente analiza el modo indirecto de manifestación del Misterio como fundamento último de la posibilidad de esta falta de esencia. Concluye proponiendo una serie de criterios correctivos para evitar la absolutización de la esfera de mediación.
Religião, Conservadorismo e Inteligência
Authors: Portugal Agnaldo Cuoco
Published: August 2024

Diante da relativa ausência do estudo da religião no meio filosófico acadêmico brasileiro, o texto busca explorar a tese de que esse fato se deve a uma associação da religião a uma atitude politicamente conservadora e uma falta de espírito crítico, devida a uma suposta valorização da fé em detrimento de um posicionamento cético. O artigo pretende discutir a relação entre religião e inteligência usando a noção de conservadorismo como mediação conceitual. Inicialmente, é analisada a relação entre religião e conservadorismo, na qual será proposta uma noção de conservadorismo religioso, distinto do conservadorismo político. A segunda seção trata da relação entre conservadorismo e inteligência, analisando o papel do conservadorismo epistêmico no desiderato não só científico, mas epistemológico em geral de ganho cognitivo sobre a realidade. Uma comparação do papel epistêmico da dúvida e da crença se segue dessa análise. Em seguida, é discutida a relação entre religião e inteligência, tanto do ponto de vista da aplicação de princípios de conservadorismo epistêmico na defesa da razoabilidade da crença religiosa quanto de uma compreensão de inteligência mais ampla que a meramente intelectual. Ao final, analisa-se novamente o problema da religião no meio acadêmico em vista da relação entre ela, o conservadorismo e a inteligência.
¿El ABISMO PARA LA EXISTENCIA O LA EXISTENCIA PARA EL ABISMO? FE Y FILOSOFIA EN LA FE FILOSÓFICA DE KARL JASPERS
Authors: Garrido Maturano Ángel Enrique
Published: August 2024

El artículo analiza críticamente la concepción de “fe filosófica” en Karl Jaspers. Primero elucida los rasgos fundamentales de dicha fe a través de las nociones de “lo abarcante”, “requisitoria incondicionada” y “cifra”. En segundo lugar, distingue en el concepto de fe filosófica de Jaspers los aspectos propiamente filosóficos de aquellos que resultan de un salto en la fe existencial. En la conclusión contrapone a la fe existencial propuesta por Jaspers y a la fe sustentada en la revelación una fe estrictamente filosófica de carácter cosmológico y determina en qué consiste y qué es lo que legitima esta forma de fe.
Translation of Cultural Items in Vidas Secas/Barren Lives: a Product-Oriented Analysis
Authors: Arruda Ana Paula Batista de , Koglin Arlene
Published: August 2024

Drawing on Descriptive Translation Studies and the concept of norms proposed by Toury (1995/2012), this study aims to analyze the translation of cultural items in the Brazilian novel Vidas Secas (1938), by Graciliano Ramos, and translated into English, Barren Lives (1999), by Ralph Edward Dimmick. More specifically, the study aims at a) identifying the predominant group of translation strategies - syntactic, semantic, or pragmatic – (Chesterman, 1997/2016) used to translate cultural items (Newmark, 1988); b) examining which strategy is the most predominant in the translation of cultural items and c) analyzing if the most predominantly strategy used is related to Toury’s notion of norms. Data collection consisted of four steps: 1) source text reading; 2) identification of cultural items in the source text followed by their insertion in an Excel spreadsheet; 3) target text reading; and 4) selection of the translation given to each cultural item followed by their insertion in the spreadsheet. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively. Results have shown that most strategies used by the translator belong to the pragmatic group. As for the most frequent type of strategy employed to translate the cultural items, the analysis has shown that most of them were translated through the use of Cultural filtering, which means the translator has adapted most of the items to functional or cultural equivalents in the target language. Using Cultural filtering (pragmatic strategy) indicates that the translator was influenced by norms of the target culture, based on ideas, values, and knowledge shared by an English-speaking community.
Uma entrevista
Authors: Dos Santos Souza Karine
Published: August 2024

No conto “Uma entrevista” — publicado originalmente como parte de uma coletânea escrita por Colette entre 1911 e 1914 —, um jornalista francês tenta captar a essência de uma escritora bem-sucedida. No entanto, a entrevistada é totalmente ignorada e nos é oferecido, na verdade, um retrato de um jornalista frustrado. Colette apresenta toda a sua ironia e humor nesta breve produção literária que gostaríamos de apresentar ao público brasileiro em tradução.
Pengaruh Terapi Gerak Mulut Untuk Meningkatkan Reflek Hisap Pada Bayi Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (Bblr) Di Ruang Nicu Rsu Handayani
Authors: Renata Renata , Surmiasih Surmiasih , Hardono Hardono , Kameliawati Feri
Published: August 2024

Berat Lahir Rendah akan mengalami banyak masalah antara daya hisap bayi lemah sehingga intake tidak adekuat. Data BBLR di RS handayani sebanyak 47,2%. Kurang matangnya perkembangan menghisap pada bayi erakane ditandai dengan munculnya permasalahan oral feeding yang akan menyebabkan keterlambatan dalam menyusui, berat badan rendah dan dehidrasi selama awal minggu pasca kelahiran, diketahui dari hasil survey 5 bayi BBLR secara keseluruhan (100%) memiliki reflek hisap yang kurang baik. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui pengaruh terapi gerak mulut terhadap reflek hisap pada bayi berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) di ruang Nicu RSU Handayani. Jenis penelitian ini kuantitatif dengan rancangan pra-eksperimen one goup pretes and post test design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh bayi BBLR yang lahir RSU Handayani sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 16 orang menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi. Analisis secara univariat dan bivariat (uji t-test). Hasil penelitian diketahui rata-rata reflek hisap pada bayi berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) sebelum dilakukan terapi gerakan mulut adalah 7.19 atau 100% dengan reflek hisap tidak ada dan setelah dilakukan terapi gerakan mulut adalah 10.5 atau sebanyak 25% dengan reflek hisap baik. Ada pengaruh terapi gerak mulut terhadap reflek hisap pada bayi berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) di ruang Nicu RSU Handayani dengan nilai (p-value = 0,000). Diharapkan bagi tenaga kesehatan agar terapi gerak mulut dijadikan SOP tetap dalam meningkatkan reflek hisap bayi supaya kebutuhan nutrisinya tercukupi
Transformasi Budaya Organisasi melalui Internalisasi Core Values AKHLAK di PT TASPEN Kantor Cabang Jember
Authors: Rohman Hermanto , Helpiastuti Selfi Budi , Khasanah Fitriatul
Published: August 2024

Core Values Amanah, Kompeten, Harmonis, Loyal, Adaptif, dan Kolaboratif (AKHLAK) hadir sebagai perekat budaya kerja, prinsip moral, dan panduan perilaku yang harus diimplementasikan oleh Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) di Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) termasuk TASPEN Jember. Nilai moral yang tidak dijunjung tinggi berpotensi menjadi masalah penting bagi kemajuan organisasi BUMN. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses perubahan budaya organisasi yang terjadi di TASPEN Jember melalui penerapan Core Values AKHLAK. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah model perubahan Kurt Lewin (1947). Penelitian ini dijalankan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Selanjutnya, keabsahan data diuji untuk dianalisis menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah penjabaran proses transformasi budaya organisasi melalui tahapan unfreezing, movement dan refreezing. Proses transformasi diawali dengan tahap unfreezing atau mencairkan budaya TASPEN yang lama yakni TASPENKU. Dalam hal ini, para pegawai memiliki motivasi untuk menyesuaikan dan membuka diri terhadap perubahan yang terjadi. Kemudian, transformasi dilanjutkan dengan tahap movement yakni dengan penerapan Core Values AKHLAK. Dalam hal ini, para pegawai diharuskan mengimplementasikan setiap aspek nilai AKHLAK di dalam lingkungan kerjanya. Selanjutnya, yakni tahap refreezing, para pegawai TASPEN Jember mempertahankan dan memperkuat nilai-nilai AKHLAK yang telah berhasil diadopsi.
SERVIÇOS PARA AUTORES DE VIOLÊNCIA NO BRASIL: DISTANCIAMENTOS NECESSÁRIOS
Authors: Caldonazzo Tayana Roberta Muniz , Bertoncini Carla , Brito Tiago Domingues
Published: August 2024

O trabalho, que associa Direito a estudos de gênero, tem como recorte serviços para autores de violência contra mulheres. Para abordar o tema, considerou-se o arcabouço teórico do feminismo decolonial, para indicar que há especificidades nos índices de violência brasileiros que se relacionam com a formação estatal. Por isso, medidas de enfrentamento não devem ser, de maneira acrítica, importadas de outros locais sem a necessária adequação, o que também demanda atenção a conceitos externos e eurocentrados, a exemplo de explicações pautadas em um patriarcado que se pretende universal. Considerando algumas aproximações entre serviços para homens autores de violência de dinâmicas europeias, apresentou-se o seguinte problema de pesquisa: quais distanciamentos referidos serviços devem observar? Para respondê-lo, partiu-se da hipótese de que os grupos devem se distanciar de formas de execução terapêuticas – e especialmente das que se pretendam terapêuticas –, e ser constantemente revisados, considerando-se o aporte da Criminologia Crítica. Utilizou-se o método indutivo, somado a revisão de literatura.