bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histological Effect of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae in the Ration on Duodenum of Lambs
Authors: Hameed Bader. k.
Published: January 2025

In this study, sixteen male Awassi lambs were allocated into four experimental groups. The control group (T1) received no yeast, while the treatment groups (T2, T3, and T4) were administered 3g, 5g, and 7g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) per lamb, respectively. All lambs were fed a diet consisting of barley grain, yellow corn, soybean meal, salt, and a mixture of vitamins and minerals, with the yeast supplement added accordingly. The feeding trial lasted for 75 days, after which all lambs were slaughtered, and tissue samples were collected from the first, second, and third sections of the duodenum. These samples were fixed in 10% formalin and processed using standard histological techniques to create slides stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. The slides were then photographed using a digital camera mounted on an Olympus microscope. The findings revealed that groups T1, T2, and T3 exhibited longer villi lined with simple columnar epithelium, with goblet cells present between the epithelial cells. The lamina propria contained numerous mucus glands, along with lymphocytic infiltration and plasma cells. In contrast, group T4 showed necrotic cells from the simple columnar epithelium sloughing off into the duodenal lumen, while other components of the duodenum remained intact.
Evaluating of Anti-Diabetic Potential and Beneficial Effect of Nutraceutical Powder in Management of Various Diabetic Complication
Authors: Altourkbi Zeinab Faysal , Tirgar Pravin
Published: January 2025

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder that generates raised more blood glucose levels due to insufficient insulin production or activity. This illness's metabolic imbalance raises the likelihood of long-term problems in blood vessels, resulting in frequent hospitalization and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Providing appropriate treatment to diabetic patients is vital to avert complications. Female Wistar rats were divided into different groups (n = 6). Eight groups each one induced alloxan to type1 diabetes and treated with different doses of nutraceutical powder. 24 h after the last dose, animals were subjected to behavioural, biochemical, and histopathological evaluations. The data were analysed by one-way ANOVA. In in-vitro model of alpha amylase inhibition assay the absorbance of sample increased as the concentration of nutraceutical powder will increase. In alloxan induced in vivo diabetic model in Wistar rats the body weight, the water intake observed the increasing in disease control as comparing to normal, standard, Test drug group1 lower dose(200mg/kg) and Test drug group 2(500mg/kg), the food intake observed the decreasing in disease control as comparing to normal, standard, Test drug group1 lower dose(200mg/kg) and Test drug group 2(500mg/kg).After 45 days of study, all biochemical parameters the blood, LDL, insulin and creatinine level observed the increasing in disease control group with comparing to normal control, standard control and tests groups. The study will conclude our formulation has potential for managing diabetes by stimulating the regeneration of pancreatic β-cells and further research is needed to understand the active constituents and mechanism of action.
The Synergic Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Coconut Oil as Antioxidant, and Their Effect on the Reproductive Systems of Female Rats
Authors: Hameed Bader  K. , Hameed Marwa A. , Oubeid Wasan Sarhan
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to detect the synergic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs and coconut oil effect as antioxidant, and there effect on the reproductive systems of female rats. The experiments included experimentally infected the animals with candida albicans Rats were infected with a 1 ml inoculum (3 × 109 yeast/ml) on day 0 and stressed immediately after the infection and during the following 2 days as single dose (3 ml) after dilution the main culture. After that the ZNO and coconut oil were using to know the effect of both on the reduction the oxidative effect of fungus infection. The doses of 5 mg/kg of ZnO, and 0.5 ml of coconut oil were administrated to infected Wister rats. Hormonal and oxidative, parameters were accessed after (30) days of experiment. The histopathological evaluations of tissues were also performed for uterus and ovary. The level of (LH, FSH, and progesterone) was observed to detect the effect of both treatments on the fertility level and oxidative markers. All the treated groups were comparable to control group at the end of the experiment. The results showed a significant decrease of hormones in infected female with Candeda albicans, while the level of these hormone begin to return to its normal value after ZNO and coconut oil  treatment. Significant differences of oxidation marker were obtained in this study.
NUTRITIONAL AND OIL PROFILE OF THE SEEDS OF SESAMUM INDICUM L. AND VITELLARIA PARADOXA C. F. GAERTN.
Authors: KARAYE Ibrahim Umar , ANKA Sule Aliyu , MUHAMMAD Musa Tanko , ADILI Shafi’u Isma’ila , LAWAL Muhammad Hannatu
Published: January 2025

Nutritional and oil profile of the seeds of Sesamum indicum and Vitellaria paradoxa from Sokoto, Nigeria was carried out using standard biochemical procedures. Proximate, ascorbic acid, mineral analysis as well as extraction, quantification and the physicochemical analysis of the seed oil were assessed. On proximate and ascorbic acid analysis. The seeds were found to contain appreciable amounts of crude proteins with 18.23% and 8.70% obtained in S. indicum and V. paradoxa respectively. Lipid contents revealed 42.51% in S. indicum and 51.34% in V. paradoxa respectively. Total carbohydrates revealed that 39.03% and 52.12% were obtained in S. indicum and V. paradoxa respectively. Crude fiber contents revealed 5.31 g/100 g in S. indicum while in V. paradoxa, 7.11 g/100 g was recorded. Percentage ash contents revealed 6.62% and 4.61% in S. indicum and V. paradoxa respectively. Available energy (kj) revealed that S. indicum had 603.04 kj/100 g while V. paradoxa had 614.12 kj/100 g respectively signaling them as formidable energy sources. Ascorbic acid analysis revealed 97.36 mg/100 g and 179.16 mg/100 g in S. indicum and V. paradoxa respectively. With significant difference (P=0.05) in the contents of crude proteins, crude lipid, crude carbohydrate, calorific value and ascorbic acid between the two sampled seeds. Minerals analysis revealed that the two seeds were rich in most of the essential minerals required for healthy growth and development. For instance, sodium was found to be 2.67 mg/100 g in S. indicum while 2.23 mg/100 g was identified in V. paradoxa. Potassium, magnesium and phosphorus results indicate that S. indicum had 56.96 mg/100 g, 62.12 mg/100 g and 76.72 mg/100 g and V. paradoxa had 46.72 mg/100 g, 31.64 mg/100 g and 116.74 mg/100 g respectively. With significant difference (P=0.05) in the contents of potassium, magnesium and phosphorus oil extraction and its physicochemical properties revealed that the two seed contained substantial amounts of oil with 38.23% in S. indicum and 43.14% in V. paradoxa respectively. Acid value analysis showed that S. indicum had 32.14 mg KOH/kg while V. paradoxa had 33.24 mg KOH/kg. Saponification value analysis revealed that 131.86 mg KOH in S. indicum while 154.74 mg KOH was found in V. paradoxa. Iodine value analyzed showed that 116.86 g I2 /100 g in S. indicum while 124.77 g I2 /100 g was obtained in V. paradoxa while % Free Fatty Acid analysis revealed that S. indicum had 7.63% while V. paradoxa had 8.74% respectively. With significant difference (P=0.05) between the two species in percentage yield, saponification and iodine values between the two seeds. The two studied seed types are endowed with natural food reserves and other much needed raw materials that could have industrial application making the seeds as formidable ingredients required for use by man.
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN OAK LEAVES FROM THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA EXPOSED TO HEAT STRESS
Authors: CUZA Petru
Published: January 2025

The total activity of antioxidant substances, oxidases, and catalases was evaluated in the leaves of three oak species – pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), sessile oak (Q. petraea Liebl.), and downy oak (Q. pubescens Willd.) from the Republic of Moldova, subjected to thermal shock at 50 °C for durations of 20, 40, and 60 minutes. The study aimed to identify variations as well as common and divergent responses of these species according to ecological zone, thermal shock duration, and recovery period, in order to assess their thermotolerance and specific adaptations to environmental conditions. The results showed that during the recovery period, leaves of pedunculate oak and downy oak from the center and southern regions, as well as sessile oak from the center region, exhibited high total antioxidant activity. Additionally, pedunculate oak and sessile oak from the center and southern regions displayed increased oxidase activity, while sessile oak from the center region demonstrated high catalase activity, indicating the activation of adaptive processes to thermal shock. Conversely, pedunculate oak and sessile oak from the northern region exhibited a decrease in total antioxidant and oxidase activity during the recovery period, suggesting an increase in leaf thermotolerance. Moreover, the downy oak from the northern region demonstrated an increase in thermotolerance, reflected in the activity of all types of antioxidant substances after extended recovery periods. The study demonstrated that the investigated oak species enhance their thermotolerance in the northern region by developing specific adaptive strategies to thermal shock. These oak species adjust their antioxidant and enzymatic activity in accordance with the specific environmental conditions of the ecological zone in which they grow.
“The Role of Dietary Interventions in Improving Gut Microbiota and Overall Health”
Authors: Asim Muhammad , Sajjad Muhammad , Fatima Misbah , Zahid Ahmad , Nasir Noor UL Ain , Alam Iqra , Maroof Muhammad Ahmad , Ashraf Shahzaib , Ali Amir , Hammad Hassan Muhammad , Basit Abdul , Hussain Ejaz , Ishfaq Hamza
Published: January 2025

Gut microbiota is important for maintaining overall health because it affects the immune system, neurology, and metabolism. According to new research, changes in diet can dramatically affect the composition and function of the gut microbiome. This study examines the role of dietary interventions including probiotics, prebiotics, fiber-rich foods, and fermented foods in improving gut health and preventing dysbiosis-related diseases Results show that, in addition to probiotics in processed foods, fibers from plants, and processed foods Different microbial species and what works best Greatly increased for gastrointestinal conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The potential of dietary supplementation to improve supportive gut health was highlighted in this study, supporting personalized nutritional enhancement strategies to promote microbial balance so both desire and health are enhanced To improve the effectiveness of targeted interventions, future studies should focus on the interactions between diet, gut microbiota, and patient genetic factors affecting dietary persistence share the oath
Public Participation Modalities and Framework: A Review of Legislative Processes
Authors: Jumanne Andrew Shangarai
Published: January 2025

This study examined the modalities and frameworks of public participation within Kenya’s legislative processes, focusing on its effectiveness, awareness, and the barriers that hinder meaningful citizen engagement. A qualitative research design was employed, utilising semi-structured interviews with Members of Parliament (MPs), civil society representatives, and members of the public who had participated in public hearings or consultations, to gather primary data. The study used purposive sampling to select participants who were directly involved in or affected by the legislative process. Thematic analysis was applied to identify key themes. Findings revealed significant gaps in public awareness of the rights to participate in the legislative process, with many citizens unaware of how to engage meaningfully. Although legal frameworks for public participation exists, their application is inconsistent, and public involvement was often limited. Barriers such as political interference, resource constraints, ineffective use of technology, and limited time for engagement further undermined the effectiveness of public participation. Despite these challenges, positive examples of public participation leading to changes in legislation were noted, particularly in areas like environmental law and community development. The study underscores the need for comprehensive reforms to enhance public participation, ensuring that it is inclusive, accessible, and reflects citizen input in legislative outcomes.
Complicaciones maternas asociadas a sobrepeso y obesidad en pacientes atendidas en un hospital público peruano, 2021
Authors: Victorio-Huamán Liseth , Rivera-Felix Lauro , López-Sánchez Milena , Alfonzo-Flores Isabel , Cuya-Candela Edita
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Determinar las complicaciones maternas asociadas al sobrepeso y la obesidad en pacientes atendidos en un hospital público peruano, de enero a julio 2021. Material y métodos: Enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, transeccional correlacional-causal, en el que se analizaron las historias clínicas de gestantes con diagnóstico de sobrepeso u obesidad, donde la población fue 1272 y la muestra 295 gestantes seleccionadas por muestreo aleatorio simple. Resultados: Las complicaciones más frecuentes incluyeron el parto por cesárea (41,0%), preeclampsia (20,7%), diabetes gestacional (15,2%) y hemorragias postparto (14,3%). Además, se observó una relación estadísticamente significativa entre el sobrepeso y la presencia de complicaciones maternas (p=0.01). Conclusión: El sobrepeso pregestacional en gestantes se asocia con la presencia de complicaciones maternas, lo cual subraya la necesidad de implementar estrategias preventivas y de manejo integral antes y durante el embarazo.
Bio-bibliometrics to analyze research output at the author level: A case study of the clinical scientist and orthopedist Dr. Raju Vaishya
Authors: Gupta Brij Mohan , Kappi Mallikarjun , Vaish Abhishek , Patralekh Mohit Kumar
Published: January 2025

Objective. This study focused on Professor Dr. Raju Vaishya, an eminent clinical scientist in orthopedics, to analyze his contribution, publication performance, and collaborative networks during the period from 2008 to 2024. The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive description of Dr. Vaishya’s research output, citation metrics, and collaborative endeavors, with the aim of elucidating his research impact within the domain of orthopedics.
Design/Methodology/Approach. A bibliometric analysis was conducted based on Scopus-indexed publications authored by Dr. Vaishya. Bibliometric indicators included total publications, citation counts, annual publication rates, and collaboration types, both nationally and internationally.
Results/Discussion. Dr. Vaishya published a substantial number of articles, with a total of 318 publications receiving 6,834 citations, resulting in an average of 21.49 citations per paper (CPP). A closer look at his publication history revealed that his most prolific period was from 2020 to 2024, during which he produced 208 publications. A significant proportion of his work, 96.22%, was produced through collaborative efforts, including 55.66% of national and 29.24% of international collaborations. Notably, 46 publications were conducted in collaboration with the Southport and Ormskirk NHS Trust, UK, and 13 papers were produced in conjunction with the Royal Orthopaedic Hospital in Birmingham, UK. Furthermore, 33.35% of his publications appeared in foreign journals, predominantly those published in the UK.
Conclusions. This analysis underscored Dr. Vaishya’s substantial contributions to the realm of orthopedic research, emphasizing the pivotal role of collaboration in his scholarly pursuits. His achievements served to exemplify the significance of interdisciplinary collaborations and judicious publication decisions in amplifying scholarly impact, thereby establishing a benchmark for future researchers within this discipline.
Ischaemic complications after lower limb varicose vein surgery – review of literature
Authors: Houdek Karel , Moláček Jiří , Říha Ivan , Opatrný Václav , Šulc Richard , Čertík Bohuslav
Published: January 2025

Objectives: Each surgeon is concerned about the potential for periprocedural injury. While severe complications during varicose vein surgery are uncommon, they can have significant consequences, including prolonged disability or even mortality. This paper presents a review of the literature on ischaemic complications following varicose vein procedures.
Method: Review of literature data available in online database (PubMed, Medline, 1970–2021).
Results: A total of 33 cases of severe ischaemia were identified following the procedure of great saphenous vein ligation and stripping, with a minimum of 100 cases observed following the sclerotherapy. These were primarily attributable to peripheral embolization or thrombosis, and 16 cases of brain ischaemia were documented following sclero­therapy. No mortality was reported, and 22 amputations were documented in the open surgery cohort, compared to no mortality deaths and 56 amputations in the sclerotherapy group.
Conclusion: In order to prevent ischaemic injury during a lower limb varicose vein procedure, it is essential that the surgeon has provided a comprehensive preoperative examination, has a detailed understanding of the anatomy, has gained significant experience in performing the procedure, and has developed the requisite surgical skills. In the event that an injury does occur, it is of the utmost importance that the repair procedure is carried out by an experienced vascular surgeon, as the time is crucial in such cases.
CULTURAL ASPECTS AND INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES: THE IMPACT OF MONDLY VR ON LANGUAGE LEARNING
Authors: Kussainova A.Z. , Zhussupova R.F. , Shadiev R.N.
Published: January 2025

This study is devoted to assessing the impact of the Mondly VR program on foreign language learning and student motivation in various cultural contexts. As part of the first stage, a quasi-experimental study was conducted using pre-and post-tests, as well as a control group. The participants were 34 students studying a second foreign language. The results showed a significant improvement in the vocabulary of students using Mondly VR, compared with traditional teaching methods. In the second stage of the study, three focus groups were organized, consisting of students from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Thailand. Participants discussed the impact of Mondly VR on their motivation, confidence in communication, and enjoyment of the learning process. The main topics of discussion included engagement in learning, career prospects, social connections, and practical application of language. Data analysis revealed both common and unique aspects of VR perception depending on the cultural context. In general, the results of the study emphasize the potential of virtual reality as an effective tool in language teaching, as well as the need to take into account cultural factors to optimize educational methods. The results suggest that the integration of technologies such as Mondly VR can not only improve language acquisition, but also create a more interactive and enjoyable learning environment.
Prospección geoespacial de inundaciones en una ciudad capital del Golfo de México
Authors: De la Rosa Portilla Andrés , Ruelas-Monjardín Laura C. , Dávalos-Sotelo Raymundo
Published: January 2025

Los riesgos ambientales son una preocupación para la habitabilidad del planeta. Se estima que para 2050, el 68 % de la población mundial vivirá en ciudades, y en México, el 79 % ya reside en áreas urbanas. Esta concentración poblacional enfrenta amenazas como la variabilidad climática y los efectos derivados del cambio climático, que se manifiestan en fenómenos meteorológicos extremos, incluyendo inundaciones.  El índice topográfico de humedad (TWI por sus siglas en inglés) es una herramienta útil para identificar áreas susceptibles a inundaciones y planificar infraestructura preventiva. En esta investigación, se realizó un análisis diacrónico hemerográfico digital de inundaciones en Xalapa de Enríquez, Veracruz, México; modelando el TWI con datos procedentes de LIDAR para identificar zonas propensas a inundaciones. También se analizaron la marginación, el arbolado per cápita y el drenaje pluvial de la ciudad. Los resultados mostraron que, en 18 años ocurrieron 369 inundaciones en 120 colonias, afectando al 61.5 % de los habitantes. El 56 % de las inundaciones ocurrieron entre 2017 y 2022. Dos de las tres colonias con más inundaciones tienen un grado de marginación medio. El 39.8 % de las colonias tiene menos de 5 m² de arbolado por habitante, incumpliendo la legislación local, y el 56.7 % no alcanza los 15 m² recomendados internacionalmente. El TWI reveló que el 45 % de la superficie inundable no está registrada en el apartado de Amenazas y Vulnerabilidad a Inundaciones del Programa Municipal de Ordenamiento Territorial. Las 10 colonias con más inundaciones tienen los porcentajes más bajos de alcantarillado pluvial. Se concluye que es factible y deseable replicar el TWI en otras ciudades para prevenir inundaciones y planificar obras de gestión integral del riesgo de desastres, valorando la superficie arbolada per cápita en coordinación con mejoras en el drenaje pluvial, mediante un enfoque intraurbano de colonia.
A randomized controlled trial on the effects of Pilates on bone mineral density and fat distribution in older women
Authors: Liposcki Daniela , Schneider Rodolfo , Dias Fernanda , Vidal Alessandra , Nascimento Lucas
Published: January 2025

Abstract - Aim The purpose of this randomized clinical trial was to examine the long-term effects of Pilates exercises on body composition (i.e., bone mineral density and body fat distribution) of sedentary older women. Methods: A single blinded, randomized controlled trial with concealed allocation and per-protocol analysis was undertaken. The experimental group received Pilates exercises over six months and the control group received no intervention. Outcomes related to body composition were collected within a laboratory setting at baseline (Month 0) and after intervention (Month 6), by blinded measurers. Results: Twenty women with mean age of 64 years (SD 3) and mean body mass index of 29 kg/m2 (SD 3) completed the study protocol. According to the T-score classification, 65% of the included participants had normal bone mineral density, 25% had osteopenia and 10% had osteoporosis in the lumbar spine. After six months of Pilates exercises, there were no between-group differences in any outcome measures. Conclusion: This randomized clinical trial demonstrated that six months of Pilates exercises did not improve bone mineral density and did not change the body fat distribution of sedentary older women. The sample was mostly comprised of women with no bone mineral density impairment, and, therefore, larger randomized trials should examine the long-term effects of Pilates in a population of older women with osteoporosis.
PUNCA DAN KESAN PERKAHWINAN BAWAH UMUR TERHADAP SOSIOEKONOMI ISI RUMAH DI KAMPUNG KESUAPAN, PULAU GAYA, KOTA KINABALU, SABAH
Authors: Rosli Atira Anissa , Md Shah Jalihah
Published: January 2025

Perkahwinan bawah umur merupakan masalah global. Isu ini dianggap sebagai satu bentuk pencabulan terhadap hak asasi kanak-kanak dan lazimnya melibatkan kanak-kanak perempuan. Untuk itu, kajian ini berfokuskan kepada punca dan kesan perkahwinan bawah umur terhadap sosioekonomi isi rumah di Kampung Kesuapan, Pulau Gaya. Data kajian kualitatif ini dikutip menggunakan kaedah temu bual secara mendalam dan kajian perpustakaan yang kemudiannya dianalisis secara tematik. Seramai sembilan orang informan yang terdiri daripada wanita yang berkahwin bawah umur, ibu bapa, wakil masyarakat setempat, pemimpin komuniti dan pegawai NGO telah ditemu bual. Kajian ini mendapati lima faktor utama yang memicu perkahwinan bawah umur terus berlaku dalam masyarakat yang dikaji iaitu faktor ekonomi, budaya, perlindungan dan keselamatan, akses pendidikan serta kehendak sendiri. Perkahwinan bawah umur mempunyai implikasi ke atas sosioekonomi isi rumah yang berbentuk negatif dan positif. Secara negatifnya, amalan ini menyebabkan perkembangan pendidikan kanak-kanak terjejas, tidak dapat bersaing dalam bidang pekerjaan dan kurang kemahiran mengurus emosi dan keluarga. Sebaliknya, kesan positif pula adalah membina sikap tanggungjawab, mengekalkan kesimbangan adat, nilai dan norma masyarakat serta mengawal gejala sosial.
MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF DERIVATIONAL AND INFLECTIONAL AFFIXES IN DAYAK NGAJU SONG LYRICS
Authors: Christy Givency  , Kristian Anugrah
Published: January 2025

The Dayak Ngaju language spoken by indigenous people in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, is facing threats to its use in modern times. To preserve the language, particularly for younger generations, it is important to understand morphology, which is the study of word structure and formation. In this research, the writer delimits her scope only to affixation analysis by using qualitative approach. The writer focuses on finding the derivational and inflectional affixes of Dayak Ngaju language in Dayak folk songs. Derivational affixes create new words from base words, while inflectional affixes change the form of existing words based on their usage in sentences. By analyzing the affixation of the Dayak Ngaju language, this paper aims to gain insights into the language and contribute to language preservation efforts. From this study, it was found that there are 18 total of prefixes, which include prefixes such as {ma-}, {ka-}, {i-}, and {ba-}. The study concludes each prefix has different role in creating words in Dayak Ngaju language.
Lieferdienste breiten sich aus
Authors: Brändlein Philip
Published: January 2025

Sie expandieren und werden effizienter. Der digitale und demografische Wandel treibt zudem mehr Kunden Richtung Lieferdienste.
Handel fordert Entlastung von Politik
Authors: Tewes Werner
Published: January 2025

Mit den Neuwahlen im Blick formuliert der Handel Erwartungen an die Politik: Die Branche fordert mehr Vertrauen in das Unternehmertum und Entlastungen von der künftigen Bundesregierung.
Weinwirtschaft vor historischen Veränderungen
Authors: Murmann Christoph
Published: January 2025

Auch im neuen Jahr wird voraussichtlich weniger Wein verkauft werden als zuvor. Winzer, Kellereien und Handel kommen nicht umhin, Anpassungen vorzunehmen, so bald wie möglich.
„Das wäre das Ende des Binnenmarkts“
Authors: Bender Hanno
Published: January 2025

Die neue EU-Kommission will die „Wettbewerbsfähig“ Europas stärken. Christel Delberghe, Chefin des europäischen Handelsverbands EuroCommerce, hat dazu einige Vorschläge parat.
„Brüssel steht vor einem Scherbenhaufen“
Authors: Falker Gerrit-Milena
Published: January 2025

Kai Purnhagen, Professor für Lebensmittelrecht an der Universität Bayreuth, wirft einen juristischen Blick auf das Jahr 2025.
„Wie Brandschutz im Mittelalter“
Authors: Shinde Sonia
Published: January 2025

Doris Aschenbrenner und Regina Kempen schaffen Regeln für den Umgang mit KI. Im Interview sprechen die beiden Professorinnen über Goldgräber, warum Office einem Tanzbär gleicht und wo der Mensch der KI immer noch überlegen ist.
Hightech macht Self-Checkout smarter
Authors: Giuri Maurizio
Published: January 2025

Kunden zahlen künftig häufiger in Form eines Self-Checkouts. Das liegt nicht nur am Personalmangel, sondern auch an der technologischen Weiterentwicklung. Sie soll die Systeme sicherer und leistungsfähiger machen.
So blickt Walmart 2025 auf KI
Authors: Giuri Maurizio
Published: January 2025

Die Fortschritte bei KI lassen Anwender immer wieder staunen. Die Technologie wird 2025 den Unternehmen im Alltagsgeschäft dienlicher sein müssen und dabei stärker reguliert, wie Walmart in seinem Ausblick für das kommende Jahr prognostiziert.
„Die Preise werden weiter steigen“
Authors: Konrad Jörg
Published: January 2025

Kaum Hoffnungsschimmer sieht Robert Kecskes, Senior Insights Director beim Marktforschungsunternehmen Yougov, in diesem Jahr für die FMCG-Branche. Immerhin: Die Verbraucher haben sich an die Teuerung gewöhnt – und machen das Beste daraus. Und Premium- und Lifestyle-Produkte werden auch 2025 ihre Käufer finden.
Analysis of the Effect of Supercapacitors on the Efficiency and Stability of Boost Converters in Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: Hidayatullah Imam Luthfi , Darjat  , Setiawan Iwan
Published: January 2025

This paper aims to demonstrate the energy efficiency improvements in a boost converter using supercapacitors and the Perturb and Observe (P&O) control method, particularly in the context of photovoltaic (PV) systems under partial shading conditions. Supercapacitors, known for their high energy density and rapid charge/discharge capabilities, are integrated into the boost converter circuit to mitigate voltage fluctuations and enhance energy storage efficiency. The PO control method is utilized to dynamically adjust the duty cycle of the MOSFET, ensuring the output voltage remains stable at the desired level of 70V, with an input voltage range of 30V to 60V. The study employs simulation techniques to evaluate performance improvements, focusing on energy efficiency and system stability when supercapacitors are used as filtering elements alongside advanced control strategies in PV systems experiencing partial shading. Simulation results indicate a significant reduction in voltage ripple and enhanced overall system efficiency, achieving a stable output voltage of exactly 70 volts. Specifically, the efficiency of the boost converter without a supercapacitor and Zener diode is 8.36%, while the configuration with a supercapacitor and Zener diode achieves 16.09% efficiency. Most notably, the configuration with a supercapacitor and without a Zener diode achieves an efficiency of 50.29%. The findings conclude that integrating supercapacitors and the PO control method in boost converters for PV applications substantially enhances energy efficiency and system stability, even under partial shading conditions
Influence of Megatrends on Logistics Development
Authors: Rogaczewski Robert , Muszyńska Monika , Wojciechowski Mariusz
Published: January 2025

In the so-called TSL industry we can observe numerous trends that affect the future shaping of transport and logistics chains. The last decades have been a time of trends that have shaped and influenced logistics. Spreading globalization, growing customer requirements, production of "tailor-made" products, lean management, shortened production cycles or rapidly developing information technologies are putting ever greater demands on enterprises which are forced to cope with these challenges to gain a competitive advantage. The purpose of these considerations is to analyse selected trends shaping logistics development. The article uses a research method based on analysis and criticism of literature. Furthermore, the interplay between these trends highlights the dynamic and complex nature of the logistics industry. For instance, digitization has revolutionized supply chain management by enhancing transparency and operational efficiency. Similarly, lean management practices have reduced waste and optimized resource allocation in logistics operations. Customization and individualization of products have pushed companies to adopt more flexible and customer-centric logistics strategies. Moreover, the growing emphasis on sustainability has encouraged the integration of eco-friendly practices across transport and logistics networks. Lastly, the article underscores the importance of adapting to these trends to ensure long-term success and resilience in a highly competitive global market.
The Influence of Artificiel Intelligence on Human Resources Management: A Study on Recruitment Processes
Authors: TRAORE Alhousseiny Samba , SANOGO Boubacar
Published: January 2025

Over the past few years, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into recruitment processes has significantly transformed how organizations find and choose potential employees. This article explores the substantial influence of AI technologies on recruitment practices, focusing on how they streamline procedures, enhance decision-making, and boost overall efficiency. Through a thorough examination of current literature and empirical data, this study sheds light on the main advantages and challenges of using AI in recruitment.). This study aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the effects of AI-driven recruitment strategies on organizational success and workforce changes. By critically analyzing and synthesizing existing research, this study seeks to provide insights into the potential opportunities and challenges of adopting AI in recruitment, guiding strategic decisions and practices in HR management.
Political Connection and Tax Avoidance: A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Direction
Authors: Nurhaliza Fadilla , Sutopo Bambang
Published: January 2025

The increased interest among academicians to explore more about political connections and tax avoidance. This paper aims to identify factors affecting tax avoidance and political connections. This paper reviewed 34 articles published between 2018-2024 using a systematic literature review approach. This study used “Tax Avoidance” OR “Political Connection” as search strings to extract the relevant literature from the Scopus database. This study is comprehensive analysis of existing literature on political connections and tax avoidance. Further, the keyword network analysis has been used to find out the most explored research areas related to political connection and tax avoidance using VOSviewer software. This study found that based on country distribution, the number of articles spread from several countries showed a significant dominance by Indonesia with nine articles. Articles with the theme of political connections and tax avoidance are mostly published by Sustainability Journal. In 2022 recorded the highest number of articles as many as 11 articles (32.3%). Research by Alsmady (2023), Lopo Martinez et al., (2020) and Silvera et al., (2022) highlighted the role of political connections in supporting tax avoidance practices, while Stefany & Agustina (2022) showed their influence on the performance and stability of the banking sector. Other studies, such as by Rudyanto et al. (2023), reveal how political connections can be a double-edged sword, supporting corporate efficiency but also increasing the risk of manipulation such as tax aggressiveness during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study also provides a trough coverage of existing literature on political connection and tax avoidance and is helpful for new researcher who want to understand this concept and also for those who are looking to explore new direction in the sama field.
The Aftereffects of Mass Dismissals and Detentions of Academics at Turkish Universities
Authors: Hosoglu Salih , Aktürk Zekeriya
Published: January 2025

The number of scientific publications serves as a crucial indicator of a country's scientific standing. Subsequent to 2016, the academic productivity of Turkey exhibited a gradual decline in the rankings, despite substantial investments in higher education. In the period between 2016 and 2018, over eight thousand academics were dismissed from state universities. In total, this equates to 5.7% (n=3,542) of the 60,385 professors. The present study sought to evaluate the impact of these mass dismissals on the scientific publication performance of the affected institutions. The scientific publication performance of all 108 state universities was evaluated between the years 2012 and 2019. The universities were classified according to the proportion of academics dismissed relative to the total number of professors in 2016. The categories were as follows: <5.0% (n=47, Group 1), 5.0-10.0% (n=41, Group 2), and >10.0% (n=20, Group 3). The number of annual scientific publications that were carried out and those that were expected to be carried out were compared following the mass dismissal. The number of publications increased by approximately 13.2% per year between 2012 and 2016 (from 34,130 to 52,168) and by 3.1% from 2016 to 2019 (from 52,168 to 57,013). The anticipated total number of publications was projected to be 55,643 in 2017, 60,225 in 2018, and 64,806 in 2019. The observed-expected differences were 13.8%, 13.4%, and 12.0%, respectively. The mean number of publications exhibited a decline in 2017 across all three groups. Group 2 and Group 3 were more significantly affected than Group 1. There were notable differences between Group 1 and Group 3 (p-values for 2017, 2018, and 2019 were 0.027, 0.009, and 0.017, respectively). The academic purge at Turkish universities had a substantial impact on overall academic productivity, extending beyond the number of academics dismissed.
Examining the Factors Affecting the Waiting Times for Patients Coming for General Abdominal Ultrasound in a Diagnostic Centre in Danyame: A Crosssectional Study
Authors: Nyanor Kumi Maxwell , Nathaniel Nsiah-Poku , Owusu Appiah Nathaniel , Prince Acheampong
Published: January 2025

Background: Lengthy waiting time in ultrasound units can significantly affects patient satisfaction and are crucial indicators of service quality in healthcare settings. The study investigates the factors influencing waiting times for general abdominal ultrasound at a diagnostic centre. Method: A cross-sectional study of 100 participants was conducted at Totalite Diagnostic Centre. Data were presented using descriptive statistics, followed by analysis using the chi square and logistic regression test to identify the factors associated with waiting times and the significant predictors of turnaround time respectively. Results: Of the participants, 62% were female and 38% were male. The primary causes of long waiting times were identified as few working staff, poor communication and staff impunctuality. These factors were significantly associated with prolong waiting times (p-value < 0.05). Additionally, waiting area time was found to play a significant role in predicting the likelihood of extended wait times across all categories. Conclusion: Key factors contributing to long waiting times in the ultrasound unit include few working staff, impunctuality, poor communication and waiting area time. Addressing these factors is crucial for improving patients experience and reducing waiting times in a diagnostic centre.
Effectiveness of Onigirishibori Asa Self-care Technique for Weaning: A Study Using Intra Breast Ultrasound Imaging
Authors: Nishikage Mami , Tateoka Yumiko , Itani Fuyuki
Published: January 2025

Objective: To anatomically verify the effectiveness of the “compression (onigirishibori)” methods of the breast for weaning from breastfeeding for mammary gland involution using intramammary ultrasound images. Results: This observational, prospective, longitudinal study was conducted from June2020to July December 2023 and included 13 mothers who had decided to wean. We assigned them to the onigirishibori (n=9) and manual milking groups (n=4). The thickness of the mammary cavity was longitudinally observed from the day before weaning until 30 days after weaning. Ultrasound images revealed that the thickness of the mammary gland cavity was decreased in all the participants and differed significantly between the onigirishibori and manual milking groups, by 1 point in the right breast (30 days after weaning) and 4 points in the left breast (days 1, 3, 7 and 30 after weaning). The USG images showing the involution of the mammary glands from the beginning of weaning revealed that onigirishibori, without nipple stimulation, was effective in suppressing milk production by inhibiting the secretion of lactogenic hormone and avoiding milk stasis. The onigirishibori technique applies pressure from the breast-shaped body part and has been shown to be effective in preventing milk stasis in the duct of milk.
Foreword
Authors: Bernotienė Gintarė
Published: January 2025

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Life Writing: Latvian Poet Veronika Strēlerte
Authors: Kalniņa Ieva E.
Published: January 2025

The article addresses the general concept of life writing, which refers to the creation of a text that focuses on the life and life experiences of a writer or another person. It centres on the poet Veronika Strēlerte’s self-reflection in her childhood recollections and on two people’s, who are close to her—her son Pāvils Johansons and the poet Margita Gūtmane, memories. The concepts of memory, experience, and identity offered by American scholars, Sidonie Smith and Julia Watson, proved instrumental in addressing life writing and its realisation through depictions and memories.
The article explores the motivations that prompted Strēlerte to revisit the images of her childhood memories, describes the relationship between the real and the fictional, and the narrative strategies (author’s and protagonist’s voices).
In discussing the two memoirs, the commonalities (belonging to the same generation) and differences (a sense of family, motherhood, and home) that define authors’ perspectives on the poet’s personality are examined. Johansons’ memoirs provide an insight into his family: his mother, a poet, and his father Andrejs Johansons, a cultural historian, religious studies scholar, essayist, and their relationship with him. They also vividly describe his parents’ inner circle, the Latvian intelligentsia in exile, and as such are important cultural and historical source. In her memoirs, Gūtmane portrays Strēlerte as a poet and as a “mere mortal,” thus creating a vibrant and versatile account of Strēlerte’s personality. She elaborates on the theme of exile, which was important for both Strēlerte and the memoirist, emphasising the inability of those who ended in exile to take root and find a home.
Strēlerte’s childhood memoirs significantly contribute to the autobiographical genre of Latvian literature. It can also be considered a part of Latvian children’s literature. The memoirs about her are not only artistically enjoyable but also a valuable material for the study of writer’s life and poetry.
Food as a Tool of Grotesque in Contemporary Lithuanian and Latvian Fiction
Authors: Laurušaitė Laura
Published: January 2025

The article explores the interplay between grotesque and gastropoetics in contemporary Lithuanian and Latvian literature, focusing on Latvian author Guntis Berelis’s short story “Es nekad nerunāju muļķības” (“I Have Never Talked Nonsense,” 2017) and Lithuanian author Ieva Dumbrytė’s novel Šaltienos bistro (Aspic Bistro, 2021). In both texts, grotesque imagery involving food, cannibalism, and bodily transformations plays a significant narrative role and encodes social and political critique. An identified subgenre of the grotesque—gastronomic grotesque (gastrogrotesque)—emerges as a previously unexplored niche of grotesque expression in the Baltic region. Drawing on Bakhtin’s metaphor of grotesque as transformation, it is argued that the symbolism of pig and meat in these texts embodies the extreme dehumanization of individuals, either in labor (Dumbrytė) or within political systems (Berelis). The grotesque serves its conventional function of overturning traditional literary aesthetic norms while also offering a shocking perspective on contemporary issues.
The Four Winds and The Avant-Garde Apocalypse of War
Authors: Vanagaitė Gitana
Published: January 2025

War and its experience is an important theme in the early twentieth-century avant-garde literature. Among Lithuanian writers, this theme was more prevalent in works by the Four Winds group rather than the Third Front. The theme of war and the avant-garde depictions of war have not been widely researched in Lithuanian literary scholarship, which is the principal goal of this paper.
The futurist movement officially began in 1909, when the French daily Le Figaro published the Manifesto del Futurismo (Manifesto of Futurism) by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, who glorified “war—the only true hygiene of the world—militarism, patriotism, the destructive gesture of anarchists, the beautiful Ideas which kill, and the scorn of woman.” Italian futurists urged for Italy’s involvement in the First World War, and some even joined the Lombard Battalion of Volunteer Cyclists and Motorists. German expressionists eagerly awaited the war, which they believed would oust their self-satisfied government and the materialism it advocated. Meanwhile, Russian futurists called for revolutionary violence.
The avant-garde in Lithuania began later as compared to Western Europe—after the First World War and the Lithuanian struggle for independence, at a time when the European avant-garde had entered its second stage and began to be associated with surrealism and dadaism. Because of this, Lithuanian avant-garde writers did not treat war in the same way as European artists did: their work does not contain the enthusiasm one commonly finds in the European prewar avant-garde, instead placing emphasis on disillusionment, the destruction and the horrors of war, like the postwar avant-gardists did. This paper is not concerned with the aesthetic revolution in depicting war by European and Lithuanian avant-gardists, as it has been extensively analyzed in Lithuanian scholarship.
This paper considers depictions of the First World War by European avant-garde writers in the early twentieth century as a cultural-literary background important for understanding the relationship between war and the avant-garde, but not necessarily as a direct influence on the works produced by the Lithuanian avant-garde writer collective known as the Four Winds. This background helps us understand the significance that those experiences of war and armed struggle for independence had for the Four Winds, as well as the meaning carried in their aesthetic reflections of those experiences.
Organization and Control of Lithuanian Literature Teaching in the Late Soviet Era
Authors: Vasiliauskas Saulius
Published: January 2025

Although the debate about the teaching of literature in Lithuanian schools continues to this day, a more detailed and critical discussion as well as reflection on the mechanisms of teaching and controlling literature in Soviet-era Lithuania has been still lacking. In an attempt to partially fill this gap, the article reconstructs the organization of teaching literature during the Soviet era, based on a variety of materials relevant to the research (archives, periodicals, textbooks, school curricula, testimonies by contemporaries, egodocuments, etc.). The article focuses on the period from the Thaw to the end of the Soviet era, when education underwent reforms. The article discusses leading institutions and personalities—the movers and shakers in the organization of literature teaching, the authors of literature textbooks and programs (for the upper grades), the context of the development of materials for school, as well as teachers‘ testimonies about the requirements for literature teaching and the development of materials for it. The aim is to present an extensive overview and systematization of the history of the development of Lithuanian studies content in the late Soviet era.
Excerpt from Ona Pleirytė-Puidienė’s “My Life Book”
Authors: Avižinienė Birutė
Published: January 2025

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Independence’s Dependence, Dependence’s Independence
Authors: Satkauskytė Dalia
Published: January 2025

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On the Vital Attachment to Literature: An Acceptance Speech of the Vytautas Kubilius Prize
Authors: Sprindytė Jūratė
Published: January 2025

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Lithuania in the Mirror of Near Distant Latvia
Authors: Klumbys Valdemaras
Published: January 2025

Viktorija Jonkutė 2024. Tarp praeities ir ateities: Kolektyvinė atmintis XX a. pabaigos Atgimimo laikotarpio lietuvių ir latvių kultūrinėje spaudoje. Vilnius: Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos institutas, 327 p., ISBN 978-609-425-383-6