bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microbiology Characteristics and Risk Factors of Surgical Site Infection in Limb Fractures: a Single-center Retrospective Study
Authors: Luo Junchao , Chen Xinji , Zhang Yin , Tong Yu , Zhu Senbo , Ji Lichen , Zhang Wei , Bi Qing , Zhang Qiong
Published: February 2021

Background: Limb fractures were becoming more common, and internal fixation increased the risk of surgical site infection. The purpose of this study was to identified risk factors for surgical site infection and the factors that affected the microbiological characteristics.Material and methods: Data from patients with limb fractures who received internal fixation between January 2010 and January 2020 were included. Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were performed to determine independent risk factors.Results: A total of 4479 patients were identified and 187 (4.18%) patients developed surgical site infections (SSI). Staphylococcus aureus (25.1%) was the most common bacteria, followed by Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (18.8%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (12.0%). Multiple regression analysis revealed that low total protein (OR, 4.066; 95% CI, 1.217-13.583) and high white blood cell count (OR, 3.133; 95% CI, 1.291-7.605) were risk factors for gram-negative bacteria infection. Five risk factors were identified to be independently associated with the development of SSIs, including current smoking (OR, 2.923; 95% CI, 1.294-6.599), high-energy injury (OR, 2.816; 95% CI, 1.368-5.799), femoral fracture, tibia and fibula fracture, vascular injury at the fracture site (OR, 10.284; 95% CI, 2.506-42.199), skin contusin at the fracture site (OR, 3.348; 95% CI, 1.304-8.574), hypohemoglobin (OR, 2.991; 95% CI, 1.422-6.292).Conclusion: Preoperative preventative measures should be taken in patients at high risk to reduce the incidence of SSIs.
Trends in Organic Contamination in River Yamuna: A Case Study of Delhi Stretch (2007-2016)
Authors: Mazhar Mohd. Aamir , Ahmed Sirajuddin , Husain Azhar , uddin Rahis , Khan Nadeem A.
Published: February 2021

The river Ganges largest tributary is river Yamuna and it is the longest tributary in India serving millions of individuals. It is emerging from the glacier known as Yamunotri that has a height of 6,387m that travel through Uttarakhand to Allahabad. The water from river is abstracted as well as in stream used for irrigation, power generation, domestic water supply, industrial use, etc., because of which the after affects are many. In India, an alarming situation exists since quite a long time in river pollution. When river Yamuna enters Delhi, it meets the water quality guidelines with respect to Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) but during its exit the water quality deteriorated. The main reasons of deterioration of the river water are sewage discharge and industrial effluents and mis utilization of fresh water. The dilution capacity of the river also gets reduced due to significant water abstraction. The chief contributor of contamination is National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi followed by Agra and Mathura by either point or non-point sources.In this paper we investigated the ongoing trends in basic water quality guidelines of the River Yamuna which show huge deviation in Delhi segment. Due to the influence of industrialization, urbanization and horticultural advances the Delhi segment gets severely contaminated. Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) was undertaken by the government for the restoration and preservation of the river Yamuna. The DO, BOD in the Delhi segment and eutrophicated segment investigation, the water quality parameter trends in the river Yamuna represent that regardless of the considerable number of endeavors the water quality isn't fit for assigned best utilizations. The outcomes require inventive points of view in the advancement of a refreshed comprehensive preservation technique for the river Yamuna.
Energy Conversion and Storage: The Value of Reversible Power-to-Gas Systems
Authors: Glenk Gunther , Reichelstein Stefan
Published: February 2021

Power-to-Gas technology has recently experienced lower acquisition costs and lower conversion efficiency losses. At the same time, wholesale power markets have seen increasing volatility with significant amounts of surplus electricity at select hours of the year. Here we examine the economic potential of reversible Power-to-Gas systems that can convert electricity to hydrogen or operate in the reverse direction to deliver electricity during times of high power prices. Our model framework is applied to the current market environment in both Germany and Texas. We find that the reversibility feature of solid oxide fuel cells makes such systems already competitive at current hydrogen prices, provided the fluctuations in electricity prices are as pronounced as currently observed in Texas. We project that the flexibility inherent in reversible fuel cells would leave investments in such systems economically viable in the future even at substantially lower hydrogen prices, provided recent technological improvements continue over the coming decade.
Effect of Different Surface-charged Lamellar Materials on Swelling Properties of Nanocomposite Hydrogels
Authors: Pfeifer Marcela , Andrade Flávio A. C. , Bortoletto-Santos Ricardo , Aouada Fauze A. , Ribeiro Caue
Published: February 2021

This study investigated the effect of different surface-charged lamellar materials on the swelling and diffusion properties of synthesized polyacrylamide-methylcellulose hydrogels (HG). Montmorillonite and hydrotalcite thermally activated at two different temperatures (300 and 550 ºC) were incorporated in the preparation of nanocomposite (NC) hydrogels. A series of NC hydrogels were prepared by varying the lamellar material content (1:1, 2:1 and 4:1). The results showed that the HG with hydrotalcite (550 ºC) was strongly dependent on the ionic intensity, and that the swelling degree increased by 50%, 65% and 78% with reducing the hydrotalcite content at (1:1), (2:1) and (4:1), respectively. The water absorption capacity of HG containing montmorillonite or hydrotalcite (300 ºC) was slightly affected when the pH decreased from 7 to 3. However, the pH variation from 7 to 10 increased the water absorption capacity of most HG, except those containing hydrotalcite (550 ºC) at (2:1) and (4:1). The presence of lamellar nanoparticles in hydrogels made the polymer matrix more rigid, and less likely to absorb water. In contrast, HG with hydrotalcite (550 ºC) at (2:1) and (4:1) showed anomalous behavior with an increase in their water absorption capacity. The results support that the developed NC-HG can be suitable candidates for applications as controlled released materials.
Study by Absorption and Emission Spectrophotometry of the Efficiency of the Binary Mixture (Ethanol-Water) on the Extraction of Betanin from Red Beetroot
Authors: NOUAIRI Mohammed El-Amine , FREHA Mohammed , BELLIL Ali
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we intend to present a method of extraction and analysis of betanin from Algerian red beetroot, and to know the efficiency of the binary mixture (Ethanol-Water) on the extraction. This dye is a natural pigment with high antioxidant power and widely used as a natural dye. In addition, the high bioavailability of this pigment reinforces its potential for future therapeutic applications. However, the betanin content of commercially available beet extracts never exceeds 1.2% and this molecule does not exist marketed in a more purified form, it is therefore necessary to have efficient tools for the enrichment of betanin extracts. The experimental results made in our laboratory, confirm the effectiveness of the binary mixture (Ethanol-Water) on the extraction of betanin from Algerian beetroot.
Epichloë Fungal Endophyte Symbiosis May Improve Tall Fescue Responses to Flooding and Oxygen-Limited Conditions
Authors: Saedi Tayebeh , Mosaddeghi Mohammad Reza , Sabzalian Mohammad Reza , Zarebanadkouki Mohsen
Published: February 2021

Background and aims There is little information about the effect of grass-fungal endophyte symbiota on plant performance under oxygen-limited conditions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Epichloë endophyte symbiosis and tall fescue genotype on plant responses to oxygen stress in a greenhouse pot experiment.Methods A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted with seven air-filled porosity levels in a sandy loam soil using two genotypes (75C and 75B) of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea = Schedonorus arundinaceus Schreb.) infected with and without endophytic fungus Epichlöe coenophiala (E+ and E–, respectively). Some selected growth and physiological parameters were determined after nine-month application of the treatments.Results The results showed that E+ plants benefited from endophytic symbiosis and showed slightly higher root and shoot development, more leaf chlorophyll, and lower catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activity than E– plants under poor aeration. The E– plants also coped with poor aeration conditions by forming adventitious roots at the soil surface, aerenchyma formation within the root tissue, and increased alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity.Conclusions The presence of endophyte improved the performance of the genotype E+ 75B under anaerobic conditions, while endophyte had an adverse effect on the performance of the genotype E+ 75C. In general, Epichloë endophyte presence decreased the flooding induced oxidative stress and prevented the formation and over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species in plant cells.
Interactions Between Rheumatoid Arthritis Antibodies Are Associated With the Response to Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy
Authors: Julià Antonio , López-Lasanta Maria , Blanco Francisco , Gómez Antonio , Haro Isabel , Mas Antonio Juan , Erra Alba , Vivar Maria Luz García , Monfort Jordi , Sánchez-Fernández Simón , González Isidoro , Alperi Mercedes , Castellanos-Moreira Raúl , Fernández-Nebro Antonio , Díaz-Torné César , Palau Núria , Lastra Raquel , Lladós Jordi , Sanmartí Raimon , Marsal Sara
Published: February 2021

Background: Blocking of the Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) activity is a successful therapeutic approach for 50-60% of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. However, there are yet no biomarkers to stratify patients for anti-TNF therapy. Rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic-citrullinated antibodies (anti-CCP) have been evaluated as biomarkers of response but the results have shown limited consistency. Anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) and anti-peptidylarginine deiminase type 4 (anti-PAD4) antibodies have been much less studied. Despite being linked to common immune processes, the interaction between these markers has not been evaluated yet. Our aim was to analyze the interaction between these four antibodies in relation to the response to anti-TNF therapy.Methods: For this objective, a prospective cohort of n=80 RA patients starting anti-TNF therapy was recruited. Serum determinations at baseline were performed for RF, anti-CCP, anti-CarP and anti-PAD4 antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The clinical response to anti-TNF therapy was determined at week 12 using the change in DAS28 score. Association was performed using multivariate linear regression adjusting for baseline DAS28, sex and age. Results: The interaction between pairs of antibodies was tested by the addition of an interaction term. We found two highly significant antibody interactions associated with treatment response: anti-CarP with anti-PAD4 (p=0.0062), and anti-CCP with RF (p=0.00068). The latter antibody interaction was replicated in an independent retrospective cohort of RA patients (n=199, p=0.04). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that antibody interaction effects are important factors in the response to anti-TNF therapy in RA.
The effects of obstructive sleep apnea and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein on clinical outcome in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Gao Mingxin , Fan Kangjun , Yu Wenyuan , Liu Hongli , Wei Yongxiang , Yu Yang
Published: February 2021

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) to determine their effects on postoperative complications and clinical outcomes during hospitalization in patients undergoing off-pump cardiac artery bypass grafting (OPCABG).
Methods
This prospective, single-center study enrolled patients who underwent OPCABG. OSA was evaluated using a portable sleep monitor before OPCABG. Spearman correlation was performed to investigate the relationship between hs-CRP and polygraphy test indicators; regression analysis was performed to determine whether hs-CRP is an independent influencing factor for postoperative atrial fibrillation, duration of hospitalization, and hospital cost.
Results
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (P = 0.033), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (P = 0.001), apnea hypopnea index (AHI) (P = 0.000), mean apnea time (P = 0.000), maximum apnea time (P = 0.000), and ODI ≥ 3% (P = 0.000) were significantly higher in the moderate–severe OSA group than in the absent–mild OSA group. LVEF (P = 0.034), lowest arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) (P = 0.000), and mean SaO2 (P = 0.000) were significantly lower in the moderate–severe OSA group. Hs-CRP levels correlated with AHI (rs = 0.235, P = 0.009), ODI ≥ 3% (rs = 0.228, P = 0.011), lowest SaO2 (rs = 0.186, P = 0.040), and mean SaO2 (rs = 0.331, P = 0.000). AHI independently correlated with hs-CRP levels (P = 0.01); hs-CRP was an independent risk factor for post-CABG atrial fibrillation (POAF) (OR = 1.17, P = 0.006); and hs-CRP level independently correlated with duration of hospitalization (P = 0.002) and hospital cost (P = 0.040).
Conclusion
Hs-CRP levels are closely related to the degree of OSA and have potential utility in predicting POAF, duration of hospitalization, and hospital costs in patients undergoing OPCABG.
A treatment planning system with new paradigms in the effectiveness and side-effect evaluation sections
Authors: Frometa-Castillo Terman , Pyakuryal Anil , Narayanasamy Ganesh , Mesbahi Asghar
Published: February 2021

Aim

Academic dissemination of the “SMp treatment planning system (TPS)” for external beam radiotherapy, which has been developed as a software function that could meet the definition of a device with an entirely new intended use. This system will have new paradigms in the effectiveness and side-effect (S-E) evaluation sections, where tumor control probability (TCP) is calculated with computational simulations instead of current analytical TCP models; and S-E is evaluated with the normal tissue non-complication probability (NTCP0) methodology instead of standard NTCP one.
Methods

Use of probabilistic foundations in the NTCP0 methodologies; and computational simulations of the interactions of ionizing radiation with the tumor tissues in the radiation oncology treatments for the TCP calculations.
Results

The "TCPsim" and “NTCP0cal” calculation modules of the SMp TPS, which calculate respectively TCP and NTCP0.
Conclusions

While the "NTCP0cal" application has unquestionable probabilistic foundations associated to normal tissue complications as a stochastic process with more than one outcome; the "TCPsim" is based on proper approaches that are result of the computational simulations that follow logic-probabilistic procedures, and probabilistic aspects, like the relationship between TCP and linear-quadratic cell survival model for a fraction with dose d.
Prediction and Assessment of Back Break by Multivariate Regression Analysis, and Random Forest algorithm in hot strata/fiery seam of open-pit coal mine
Authors: Sharma Mukul , Choudhary Bhanwar Singh , Agrawal Hemant
Published: February 2021

Coal seam in mines sometimes catches fire due to its property of spontaneous heating. Drilling and blasting techniques are the most economical operation for the removal of overburden and extraction of coal in an open-pit coal mine. Blasting in a fiery seam is one the most dangerous and risky operations and various environmental and technical problems are associated with it. While blasting in a fiery coal seam, it is essential to use the minimum amount of explosive in a hole and the blast should be taken quickly. As the amount of explosive to be used must be comparatively lesser; therefore, it becomes important to perform the blasting in a manner to maximize the utilization of explosive energy. Improper utilization of energy causes back break, which is one of the technical concerns for management due to the in-stability of high wall. This study is a unique attempt to predict back break, especially in fiery coal seam through the experimental blasts and their analysis by Multivariate Regression Analysis (MVRA), and Random Forest algorithm (RFA). Total 26 blasting were conducted at open pit mine. To obtain the most optimum blast design parameter, blast design parameters were varied. The observed back break during trial blasts varies from 1.4 to 10 m. The Sensitivity analysis performed with the collected data and it has been found that stiffness ratio and stemming length are the most influential parameters on generation of back break. The MVRA and RFA analysis have been adopted for accurate prediction of back break. The results show that the RFA analysis predicts the backbreak and achieved the RMSE of ± 0.59 m while in MVRA, RMSE achieved was ± 0.99 m, making RFA more suitable method to be used for backbreak prediction in fiery seam blasting.
Rho(D) Immune Globulin (anti-D) Concentration-Time Curve After Antenatal Immunoprophylaxis in RhD-Negative Pregnant Women
Authors: Silva Ana Cláudia Rabelo e , Santos Flávia Leite Souza , Quintana Silvana Maria , Cavalli Ricardo Carvalho , Marcolin Alessandra Cristina , Duarte Geraldo
Published: February 2021

Objectives: To assess anti-D concentration through maternal indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) titers and scores after RhD-negative pregnant women receive antenatal anti-D until delivery. Methods: Cross-sectional study. Twenty-seven RhD-negative pregnant women were evaluated after receiving a prenatal anti-D dose around 28th week of pregnancy. Serial blood samples were collected at 3, 7, 21, 42, 63 and 84 days after anti-D administration. We performed IAT by conventional tube test (CTT) and gel microcolumn assay (GMA) to assess anti-D scores and titers. Statistical analyzes were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software. Results: Anti-D had maximum scores values ​around 7 days after its administration, and scores were higher in GMA than CTT for all patients. Anti-D was detected at delivery in 59% of the participants by IAT performed in GMA. Overweight and obese pregnant women may present lower concentrations of anti-D. No correlation was found between maximum scores when comparing them with these variables: newborn RhD blood type; maternal-fetal ABO incompatibility and the number of pregnancies. Conclusions: Administering 300 μg of anti-D in 28th week of pregnancy should be compared in studies analyzing perinatal outcomes, since anti-D was not detectable in 41% of patients, suggesting a significant period without prophylaxis.
Archetypal Dominant in the Ukrainian Sector of Social Networks
Authors: Khraban Tatyana
Published: February 2021

The aim of the article is to analyze which archetypes are dominant in the personality, activities, objectives, self-concept of users of the Ukrainian sector of social networks and project as a manifestation of users’ personal preferences and resonance in the posts on the social network Facebook. Materials and methods. Insight into phenomenon of identity has been carried out in the media-centered approach to understanding the personality. The essence of this approach based on psychoanalytic theory and extends to modern ideas about oneself and the people which a person encounters throughout his life. In this study the method of contextual and intuitive-logical interpretive analysis was used in order to identify the meanings of publications (aphorisms and quotations) based on personal experience and logical thinking. Content analysis was used to separate certain patterns into thematic groups, which made it possible to identify the dominant archetypes in publications. The posts (aphorisms and quotes) posted on the users’ pages in the Ukrainian sector of social networks (780 units) provided inputs for the study. Results and discussions. Since archetypes are characteristic characters and plot elements, often represent key roles in life-story narratives with familiar and consistent traits, archetypal figures have become prototypes for a universal role model. Quotes and aphorisms are very common incentives for discussion on social networks. Personal preferences in this area are enough indicative to provide a complete picture of the issues of concern. Conclusions. The most common archetypes in the Ukrainian sector of social networks are “Sage”, “Ruler”, “Innocent”, “Everyman”, “Wizard”. The share of these five archetypes is 73%. The fact that the share of the three archetypes “Sage”, “Innocent”, “Explorer” reaches 42%, indicates the prevalence of the strategy of individualism in social networks. The main characteristics of people using these three archetypes to build their identity are spiritual search, reflections on the world and their place in it, endless doubts about themselves, about the correctness/incorrectness of their choices, the desire to be a bright individual and to choose their own path. The full development of the personality and the realization individual’s intentions as an end in themselves become a prerogative. Taking into account these circumstances, as well as the fact that social networks users are united in communities of interest, we can conclude there is a tendency in the development of constructive individualism in social networks – individuals consciously unite into groups to achieve their own goals and organize their lives.
Identification of Phenotypic Characteristics in Three Chemotype Categories in the Genus Cannabis
Authors: Jin Dan , Henry Philippe , Shan Jacqueline , Chen Jie
Published: February 2021

Modern Cannabis cultivars are morphologically distinguished by their leaflet shapes (wide for “Indica” and narrow for “Sativa”) by users and breeders. However, there are no scientific bases or references for determining the shape of these leaflets. In addition, these two categories contained mostly THC dominant (high THC) cultivars while excluded CBD dominant (high CBD) and intermediate (intermediate level of both THC and CBD) cultivars. This study investigated the phenotypic variation in 21 Cannabis cultivars covering three chemical phenotypes, referred to as chemotypes, grown in a commercial greenhouse. Thirty morphological traits were measured in the vegetative, flowering, and harvest stages on live plants and harvested inflorescences. The collected data were subjected to correlation analysis, hierarchical clustering, principal component analysis, and canonical correlation analysis with preassigned chemotypes. Canonical correlation analysis assigned individual plants to their chemotypes with 92.9% accuracy. Significant morphological differences were identified. Traits usable as phenotype markers for CBD dominant cultivars included light-green and narrow leaflets, a greater number of primary and secondary serrations, loose inflorescences, dense and resinous trichomes, and Botrytis cinerea resistance. Traits for intermediate cultivars included deep-green and medium-wide leaflets, more primary and secondary serrations, medium compact inflorescences, trichomes that are less dense and less resinous, and Botrytis cinerea resistance. Traits for THC dominant cultivars included deep-green and wide leaflets, large and compact inflorescences, dense and resinous trichomes, and Botrytis cinerea susceptibility. The results of this study provide a comprehensive profile of morphological traits of modern Cannabis cultivars and provides the first such profile for CBD dominant and intermediate cultivars. Additionally, this study included the traits of inflorescences, which have not been compared between three chemotypes in the literature. Phenotype markers identified in this study can facilitate preliminary cultivar identification and selection on live plants before or as a supplement to chemical and genetic analysis.
First report of northern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla (Chitwood, 1949) on strawberry in Turkey
Authors: Özarslandan Adem , Dinçer Dilek , Yavuz Şefika , Aslan Ayşenur
Published: February 2021

Strawberry is one of the most economically important crops worldwide. Several species of plant-parasitic nematodes have been reported to be pathogenic on strawberries, among them the northern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne hapla), which considered to be strawberry most important nematode pest worldwide. In August 2019, strawberry growers at Silifke (Mersin, Turkey) identified nematode-like symptoms on strawberry roots and infected seedlings were brought to the nematology laboratory at of Mersin University for diagnostics. Roots were separated into small pieces and nematode extraction was performed by a modified Baermann funnel method and identified under the microscope. DNA was extracted from individual nematodes using Worm Lysis Buffer(WLB (+)). The species-specific SCAR markers (JMV1, JMV2, and JMVhapla) yielded a 440 bp band specific to M. hapla. The 28S rRNA gene region, obtained using the general primers D2\D3, sequence was analysed from. The analyzed sequence was 100% identicle to M. hapla. The gene sequences were deposited into GenBank database with accession numbers MN897751 and MN895037. Both morphological and molecular diagnostic methods confirmed that the strawberry plants collected in Silifke were infested with M. hapla. To our best knowledge this is the first report of plant-parasitic nematode species M. hapla infecting strawberry in Turkey. Currently, the adverse effect of RKN on strawberry production in the region is unknown to strawberry growers.
The grazing activity of Acrobeloides sp. drives phytate mineralisation within its trophic relationship with bacteria
Authors: García-Sánchez Mercedes , Souche Mathilde , Trives-Segura Carlos , Plassard Claude
Published: February 2021

The microbial loop has been suggested as an alternative route for better utilization of phytate, a poorly available P source to plants. We hypothesized that bacterial grazer activity might dramatically enhance bacterial migration and proliferation, increasing the probability of phytate hydrolysis by bacterial phytases and, thus, phytate mineralization and release of free phosphate. We tested this hypothesis in a two-compartment system with a solid medium containing phytate or free phosphate as the source of P. Two bacterial species, B. subtilis 168 or Bradyrhizobium sp., with or without bacterial grazing nematodes belonging to Acrobeloides sp. previously fed on each of the bacterial species, were inoculated at a single point in the medium. Whatever the P source, nematode migration within both zones allowed the proliferation of bacteria. However, B. subtilis 168 was more efficient in using phytate than Bradyrhizobium sp. since the highest bacterial cell density and free phosphate concentrations were reached by Acrobeloides sp. fed on B. subtilis 168. The grazer activity seemed to be crucial to enhance phytate mineralization, despite Acrobeloides sp. showing a higher preference to feed on Bradyrhizobium sp. This study provides new insights into the effects of bacterial grazer activity on phytate mineralization.
On the formation of arrays of micro-tunnels in pyrope and almandine garnets
Authors: Rabier Jacques , Heuer Arthur H. , Hemker Kevin J.
Published: February 2021

A recent paper devoted to unusual fine-scale tubular tunnels found in pyrope and almandine garnets suggested that the 5 to 100 μm diameter tunnels were produced by an endolithic organism that is able to chemically dissolve and penetrate the mineral, perhaps in search of nutrients. The hypothesized microbial boring of the garnets was based on the finding of endolithic remains in the tunnels, but boring alone does not adequately explain the linear, highly aligned or occasionally branched tunnels that have been imaged. We have prepared this short Letter, in the spirit of Occam’s Razor, to highlight the very probable role that dislocations play in the creation of such tunnels by preferential etching of a dislocation-rich deformation microstructure. The geometrical features of the tunnels possess all the characteristics of classical dislocation substructures that have been observed in natural and synthetic garnets.
A beginner's guide to non-abelian iPEPS for correlated fermions
Authors: Bruognolo Benedikt , Li Jheng-Wei , von Delft Jan , Weichselbaum Andreas
Published: February 2021

Infinite projected entangled pair states (iPEPS) have emerged as a
powerful tool for studying interacting two-dimensional fermionic
systems. In this review, we discuss the iPEPS construction and some
basic properties of this tensor network (TN) ansatz. Special focus is
put on (i) a gentle introduction of the diagrammatic TN representations
forming the basis for deriving the complex numerical algorithm, and (ii)
the technical advance of fully exploiting non-abelian symmetries for
fermionic iPEPS treatments of multi-band lattice models. The
exploitation of non-abelian symmetries substantially increases the
performance of the algorithm, enabling the treatment of fermionic
systems up to a bond dimension D=24D=24
on a square lattice. A variety of complex two-dimensional (2D) models
thus become numerically accessible. Here, we present first promising
results for two types of multi-band Hubbard models, one with
22
bands of spinful fermions of \mathrm{SU}(2)_\mathrm{spin} \otimes \mathrm{SU}(2)_\mathrm{orb}SU(2)spin⊗SU(2)orb
symmetry, the other with 33
flavors of spinless fermions of \mathrm{SU}(3)_\mathrm{flavor}SU(3)flavor
symmetry.
Adsorption of pyridine from aqueous solutions onto polyaluminium chloride and anionic polyacrylamide water treatment residuals
Authors: Duan Runbin , Fedler Clifford B. , Jiao Xiaofei
Published: February 2021

The adsorption performance of pyridine onto polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) water treatment residuals (WTRs) was investigated by batch experiments. This study confirmed the assumption that PAC–APAM WTRs had the ability to remove pyridine. The non-linear Dubinin–Radushkevich model and non-linear Freundlich model better described the isotherms, indicating that the adsorption was a chemically controlled multilayer process. The pyridine adsorption rate was simultaneously controlled by external film diffusion and intraparticle diffusion. The adsorption of pyridine was an endothermic reaction with randomness increase. The pyridine adsorption decreased with pH increase. Pyridine removal was observed to be a linear increase from 6.16% to 96.18%, with the increase of dosage from 2.5 g/L to 15 g/L. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity was 3.605 mg/g while the theoretical isotherm saturation capacity was 9.823 mg/g. Therefore, PAC–APAM WTRs recycled into contaminated soils for remediation is expected to be an innovative alternative disposal method. More research is recommended in the future to identify detailed adsorption mechanisms and the most appropriate mixing ratio of PAC–APAM WTRs to contaminated soils under various climatic conditions.
Pedagogic Potential of Master’s Programme in the Development of Research Competence of Tertiary Students
Authors: Safina Guzel Gabdelnurovna
Published: February 2021

Master’s programme creates potential for solutions to issues of laying the groundwork for self-development of research competence of tertiary students. Master’s programme contributes to stimulation of research and scientific-methodological activities of students as well as individualization of Master’s programmes on the basis of baccalaureate.
Has the Behavior of Russians Changed in the Context of a Pandemic?
Authors: Tsvetkova Galina Aleksandrovna
Published: February 2021

The article presents the perception and attitude of Russians to the epidemic, which has become the most socially acute problem after the collapse of the USSR. Based on the results of sociological research and analysis of scientific publications, the typical effects of COVID 19 on the social organization of people are identified, the General structure of behavior modification is determined, and the inconsistency and inconsistency of awareness and actions of Russians in a difficult situation is revealed. A comparative analysis of the impact of the epidemic on human behavior today and a hundred years ago is carried out. For this purpose, the results of research conducted in this area by P. Sorokin are used.
Modern Youth and Its Role in Socio-Political Processes
Authors: Kuchiev Iosif Melsovich
Published: February 2021

In order to avoid any political upheavals, it is necessary to create channels, in other words, elevators, thanks to which the transit of generations in different spheres of public and political life will take place at a slow pace, young people should become an active subject of political relations between the state and society.
Role of Didactic Games in Correction of Phonetic-Phonematic Speech Underdevelopment in Senior Preschool Children
Authors: Lisovichenko Daria Andreevna
Published: February 2021

The article examines didactic game as the logopedic tool of speech correction, the concept of didactic game is revealed as well as its benefits; the characteristics of manifestation of incomplete sound producing in speech underdevelopment are given, the examples of view of a problem of famous authors and researchers are shown.
A educação de surdos no Brasil no século XIX e o legado de países europeus
Authors: Geciauskas Sofiato Cássia , Vaz de Carvalho Paulo , Coelho Orquídea
Published: February 2021

A educação de surdos teve início em muitos países a partir do século XIX por meio da influência do Instituto Nacional de Surdos de Paris, fundado no século XVIII. Foi o caso do Brasil com a fundação do Imperial Instituto dos Surdos-Mudos, em 1857, no Rio de Janeiro. Outro país que inaugurou este tipo de educação no mesmo século foi Portugal, porém com outra linhagem, a sueca. Assim sendo, este estudo objetiva destacar as possíveis influências que o Imperial Instituto dos Surdos-Mudos do Brasil recebeu do Instituto Nacional de Surdos de Paris e do Real Instituto de Surdos-Mudos e Cegos de Lisboa, em relação à proposta pedagógica e trabalho de reabilitação. A pesquisa possui uma abordagem qualitativa e é do tipo documental e bibliográfica. O estudo possibilitou compreender que o Instituto brasileiro assimilou vários aspectos do legado europeu, entre eles elementos do currículo e formação profissional para os alunos surdos.
A Fundação Victor Civita e a rede de entidades públicas e privadas na educação
Authors: De Sousa Cristiane Lopes , Araujo Ronaldo Marcos de Lima
Published: February 2021

Neste artigo realiza-se um estudo sobre a articulação de diversas entidades privadas e públicas com a Fundação Victor Civita, que são expressas através da análise dos Editoriais de Estudos & Pesquisas Educacionais. Objetiva-se analisar a relação existente entre as entidades privadas e a Fundação Victor Civita no âmbito educacional. Utiliza-se o materialismo histórico dialético como base teórico-metodológica a partir de Kosik (1976) e Kopnin (1993), e a pesquisa documental para análise dos editoriais com base nas técnicas de Bardin (1977). Defende-se a tese da existência de uma rede de entidades privadas que se articulam à Fundação Victor Civita por intermédio dos editoriais de pesquisa, a fim de viabilizar estudos que ratificam o conteúdo do projeto orgânico de dominação da elite brasileira, o qual visa à manutenção das desigualdades existentes. Constatou-se a presença significativa da Fundação Victor Civita na articulação em rede do empresariado brasileiro, que fortaleceu o projeto orgânico, reafirmou os objetivos e viabilizou a aprofundamento da influência desses grupos nas políticas educacionais.
Pedagogía social y educación social
Authors: Pérez Valentín Martínez-Otero
Published: February 2021

Este artículo se centra en la pedagogía social, ámbito científico, y en la educación social, actividad profesional. Aunque la atención oficial que una y otra reciben es bien distinta según los países, gozan de creciente reconocimiento en Iberoamérica. La pedagogía tradicionalmente circunscribía la educación a la familia y la escuela durante las primeras etapas de la vida, pero la praxis educativa se extiende a toda la vida. La educación social permite formar a la persona de modo permanente, en ámbitos diversos: la animación sociocultural, el ocio y el tiempo libre, la educación de adultos, la educación especializada, etc. En el repaso de aspectos destacados del trabajo socioeducativo es fundamental la referencia a los modelos de intervención, esquemas teóricos de alcance práctico. Aquí se revisan seis modelos desde una perspectiva flexible, abierta, dialógica e integradora: psicodinámico, cognitivo-conductual, intervención en crisis, humanista, crítico y sistémico.
A LEI DE INCENTIVO À CULTURA E O PATRIMÔNIO AFETIVO E URBANÍSTICO
Authors: Augusta Justi Pisani Maria , Monzillo de Oliveira Luciana
Published: February 2021

A Lei de Incentivo à Cultura, Lei nº 8.313, de 1991, é considerada o principal mecanismo de fomento da produção cultural em vigência no Brasil e, apesar de benefícios à cultura, foi muito criticada e sofreu vários processos. A despeito de distorções apontadas, a utilização dos incentivos definidos nos termos da Lei permitiu a viabilização de projetos em diversos campos, porém os dados levantados na pesquisa demonstram que na área do Patrimônio Cultural e da restauração de edificações e de acervos, somente um terço dos projetos submetidos em todo o Estado de São Paulo foram aprovados e concluídos no período entre os anos de 2009 e 2020. Diante desse cenário, se aborda a questão de como elevar o percentual de êxito de propostas submetidas para obtenção de fomento a partir do princípio de concessão do incentivo fiscal. Dentre as hipóteses que poderiam ser elencadas como possíveis respostas, a pesquisa estuda a participação e o envolvimento afetivo da comunidade com o objeto tema da solicitação de fomento. Para tanto se baseia em uma investigação que emprega os métodos descritivo e exploratório a um estudo de caso único. Os resultados indicam que os motivos afetivos e urbanísticos, determinantes para o tombamento da Catedral de Santo Amaro, município de São Paulo, também foram preponderantes para a mobilização da comunidade que promoveu o processo de submissão de projeto e captação de recursos segundo os parâmetros da Lei de Incentivo à Cultura, tornando-se um exemplo exitoso da boa aplicação de recursos públicos.
PROCESSO PARTICIPATIVO NO PAISAGISMO DE UMA NASCENTE URBANA
Authors: Keler Mara Gomes de Resende , Alcantra Eliana , Marques Rosângela Francisca de Paula Vitor , Rios Maria Roberta Della Lucia
Published: February 2021

Com este trabalho objetivou-se propor um projeto paisagístico sustentável de uma nascente urbana, localizada em Três Corações-MG. Além da proposição de medidas técnicas, este estudo trata-se também de uma proposta de sensibilização e mobilização da população moradora do entorno, com a intenção de gerar o sentimento de pertencimento e consequentemente a proteção e conservação da área. Foram utilizados processos participativos embasados pelas teorias da organicidade das organizações humanas. O projeto paisagístico foi elaborado conforme a estrutura da NBR nº16636-2/2017, dividido em quatro etapas consecutivas e complementares: levantamento de dados, estudo preliminar, anteprojeto e projeto executivo. O conceito adotado para o projeto paisagístico foi o da sustentabilidade, com gestão participativa, objetivando a diminuição do impacto ambiental além de baixos custos e baixa necessidade de manutenção. O processo participativo foi importante na conscientização da comunidade em relação a riqueza que a área da nascente significa e envolveu a comunidade nas tomadas de decisão para a elaboração do projeto paisagístico de revitalização, inspirando o sentimento de pertencimento e de corresponsabilidade. O projeto paisagístico fornece as informações necessárias para a sua implantação e servirá de instrumento na captação de recursos para sua efetivação.
RODA DE CONVERSA ENSINO REMOTO DE PROJETO DE AU EM CONTEXTO DE DISTANCIAMENTO SOCIAL - APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Veloso Maísa
Published: February 2021

Apresenta os temas tratados e os palestrantes da Roda de Conversa sobre Ensino Remoto de Projeto realizada pelo Grupo PROJETAR/UFRN,

com a mediação da autora/apresentadora.
The Role of Hypoxia in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Salinas-Vera Yarely M. , Gallardo-Rincón Dolores , Ruíz-García Erika , Silva-Cázares Macrina B. , de la Peña-Cruz Carmen Sol , López-Camarillo César
Published: February 2021

Endometrial cancer represents the most frequent neoplasia from the corpus uteri, and comprises the 14th leading cause of death in women worldwide. Risk factors that contribute to the disease include early menarche, late menopause, nulliparity, and menopausal hormone use, as well as hypertension and obesity comorbidities. The clinical effectiveness of chemotherapy is variable, suggesting that novel molecular targeted therapies against specific cellular processes associated with the maintenance of cancer cell survival and therapy resistance urged to ameliorate the rates of success in endometrial cancer treatment. In the course of tumor growth, cancer cells must adapt to decreased oxygen availability in the microenvironment by upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factors, which orchestrate the activation of a transcriptional program leading to cell survival. During this adaptative process, the hypoxic cancer cells may acquire invasive and metastatic properties as well as increased cell proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy, enhanced angiogenesis, vasculogenic mimicry, and maintenance of cancer cell stemness, which contribute to more aggressive cancer phenotypes. Several studies have shown that hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) protein is aberrantly overexpressed in many solid tumors from breast, prostate, ovarian, bladder, colon, brain, and pancreas. Thus, it has been considered an important therapeutic target. Here, we reviewed the current knowledge of the relevant roles of cellular hypoxia mechanisms and HIF-1α functions in diverse processes associated with endometrial cancer progression. In addition, we also summarize the role of microRNAs in the posttranscriptional regulation of protein-encoding genes involved in the hypoxia response in endometrial cancer. Finally, we pointed out the need for urgent targeted therapies to impair the cellular processes activated by hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment.
Role of GSK-3 in Cardiac Health: Focusing on Cardiac Remodeling and Heart Failure
Authors: Tariq Ubaid , Uppulapu Shravan K. , Banerjee Sanjay K.
Published: February 2021

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine kinase
and was first identified as a regulator of glycogen synthase enzyme and glucose homeostasis. It regulates
cellular processes like cell proliferation, metabolism, apoptosis and development. Recent
findings suggest that GSK-3 is required to maintain the normal cardiac homeostasis that regulates
cardiac development, proliferation, hypertrophy and fibrosis. GSK-3 is expressed as two isoforms,
α and β. The role of GSK-3α and GSK-3β in cardiac biology is well documented. Both isoforms
have common as well as isoform-specific functions. Human data also suggests that GSK-3β is
downregulated in hypertrophy and heart failure and acts as a negative regulator. Pharmacological
inhibition of GSK-3α and GSK-3β leads to endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac regeneration
via the upregulation of cell cycle regulators, which results in cell cycle re-entry and
DNA synthesis. It was found that cardiac-specific knockout (KO) of GSK-3α retained cardiac function,
inhibited cardiovascular remodelling and restricted scar expansion during ischemia. Further,
knockout of GSK-3α decreases cardiomyocyte apoptosis and enhances its proliferation. However,
GSK-3β KO also results in hypertrophic myopathy due to cardiomyocyte hyper-proliferation. Thus
GSK-3 inhibitors are named as a double-edged sword because of their beneficial and off-target effects.
This review focuses on the isoform-specific functions of GSK-3 that will help in better understanding
the role of GSK-3α and GSK-3β in cardiac biology and pave the way for the development
of new isoform-specific GSK-3 modulator for the treatment of ischemic heart disease, cardiac regeneration
and heart failure.
Recent Advances in Chemistry and Biological Activity of 2,6-Diphenyl
Piperidines
Authors: Yousif Mahmoud N. M.
Published: February 2021

:

The review discusses different methods for preparation of 2,6-diphenyl-piperidin-4-one derivatives. 2,6-Diphenyl-piperidin-4-one is prepared from aromatic aldehyde and acetone in ammonium acetate. Reaction of 1-phenylsulfinylpropan-2-one or 1-(4-chlorophenylsulfinyl)propan-2-one, aromatic aldehyde and ammonium acetate gives a series of 2,6-diaryl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyridin-4-one 6a,b. 4-Phenyl-2-amino-1,3-butadienes reacts with N-allyl benzaldimine through Diels-Alder reaction to afford 2,6-diphenyl-4-piperidinone derivative 7. Also, reactions of 2,6-diphenyl-piperdin-4-one are discussed. The reactions of latter compounds can be on nitrogen atom or carbonyl function group or methylene group adjacent to carbonyl group. In addition, different applications of 2,6-diphenyl-piperidin-4-one are summarized.
Liposomes as Herbal Compound Carriers: An Updated Review
Authors: Jahadi Mahshid , Keighobadi Kourosh , Azimzadeh Behnaz , Keivani Hadiseh , Khosravi-Darani Kianoush
Published: February 2021

Background and Objective:

Beneficial effects of phytochemicals on human health have
recently been investigated by researchers. In this review, after a short description of the beneficial
health effects of the herbal compounds, the obstacles of their use in pharmaceutical and
nutraceutical fields have been discussed. Encapsulation technique has been studied as a solution to
overcome the limitations, and finally, liposomes have been introduced as the carriers.

Methods:

Online articles were searched through various databases, including PubMed, Web of
Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus, 2003-2020, to find reviews, editorials, and articles on the
effects of herbal compounds on human health. Furthermore, increasing the stability of the phytocompounds
by using encapsulation in liposomes produced by heating methods is included in the
methodology.

Results:

Herbal-derived compounds seem to be potential tools for the prevention of disorders.
However, they are susceptible to environmental stress. Encapsulation of herbal-derived compounds
in liposomes and nanoliposomes is suggested to improve stability and bioavailability.

Conclusion:

The current manuscript has reviewed the beneficial effects of liposomes and their
encapsulation methods in improving carrier sustainability of herbal-derived compounds for use in
the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industry.