bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence for Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Bi Xinyuan , Lin Li , Chen Zhou , Ye Jian
Published: October 2023

Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), well acknowledged as a fingerprinting and sensitive analytical technique, has exerted high applicational value in a broad range of fields including biomedicine, environmental protection, food safety among the others. In the endless pursuit of ever‐sensitive, robust, and comprehensive sensing and imaging, advancements keep emerging in the whole pipeline of SERS, from the design of SERS substrates and reporter molecules, synthetic route planning, instrument refinement, to data preprocessing and analysis methods. Artificial intelligence (AI), which is created to imitate and eventually exceed human behaviors, has exhibited its power in learning high‐level representations and recognizing complicated patterns with exceptional automaticity. Therefore, facing up with the intertwining influential factors and explosive data size, AI has been increasingly leveraged in all the above‐mentioned aspects in SERS, presenting elite efficiency in accelerating systematic optimization and deepening understanding about the fundamental physics and spectral data, which far transcends human labors and conventional computations. In this review, the recent progresses in SERS are summarized through the integration of AI, and new insights of the challenges and perspectives are provided in aim to better gear SERS toward the fast track.
On the dissipation of ideal Hamiltonian Monte Carlo sampler
Authors: Jiang Qijia
Published: October 2023

We report on what seems to be an intriguing connection between variable integration time and partial velocity refreshment of Ideal Hamiltonian Monte Carlo samplers, both of which can be used for reducing the dissipative behaviour of the dynamics. More concretely, we show that on quadratic potentials, efficiency can be improved through these means by a factor in Wasserstein‐2 distance, compared to classical constant integration time, fully refreshed HMC. We additionally explore the benefit of randomized integrators for simulating the Hamiltonian dynamics under higher order regularity conditions.
Adaptation to the Future Climate in Sámi Reindeer Husbandry: A Case Study from Tromsø, Norway
Authors: Krarup-Hansen Kia , Oskal-Somby Berit
Published: October 2023

Climate projections for Northern Norway show an increase in winter temperatures in the nearest future. What are the consequences of such rapid changes for Sámi reindeer husbandry? How can herders adapt? This case study, just outside Tromsø in Northern Norway, seeks to answer these questions by analyzing local climate history and interviewing herders. In the 1950s, a herd of Sámi reindeer changed both summer and winter pasture grounds. Subsequently, changing especially winter pasture grounds from inland Kautokeino to the coastal areas near Tromsø challenged both reindeer and herders. As a result, in Troms, the herders had to develop adaptation strategies to manage herding in winters with a high frequency of rain-on-snow conditions, large amounts of snow, and decreased access to reindeer pastures. The situation in interior Finnmark, where they were located originally, is historically different: less snow and colder temperatures. However, future climate projections show that the herders in Finnmark could face today’s situation in Troms within the next 50 years, with warm winters and high precipitation. Reindeer herders in Troms adapted to the new climate by changing their herding systems and increasing supplementary feeding. Yet their adaptive capacity is constrained by different external factors discussed in this chapter. The future of reindeer herding in both Finnmark and Troms, Northern Norway, depends on cooperation with authorities to protect the grazing land and provide herding flexibility.
Zur Einführung
Authors: Wittfeld Meike
Published: October 2023

Der Artikel „Das Schweigen muss gebrochen werden“ (Anker/Behrendt 2010) am 28. Januar 2010 in der Berliner Morgenpost berichtete über sexuelle Gewalt am Berliner Jesuiteninternat Canisius-Kolleg. Diese Veröffentlichung wird weithin als eine Zäsur in der medialen Thematisierung sexueller Gewalt in Institutionen in Deutschland angesehen (exempl. Fegert/Wolff 2015; Wazlawik et al. 2019a). In den Folgemonaten des Jahres 2010 lag der Fokus reger medialer Berichterstattung auf weiteren Fällen sexueller Gewalt an renommierten Internaten, reformpädagogischen Schulen (Autor*innenkollektiv „Die Fünf“ 2011) und der katholischen Kirche (ZEIT ONLINE 2010).
Change in total lesion PSMA (TLP) during [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy predicts overall survival in patients with mCRPC: monocentric evaluation of a prospective registry
Authors: Burgard Caroline , Hein Connor , Blickle Arne , Bartholomä Mark , Maus Stephan , Petto Sven , Schaefer-Schuler Andrea , Ezziddin Samer , Rosar Florian
Published: October 2023

Purpose

This study investigates imaging response of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy (RLT) based on the whole-body parameter total lesion PSMA (TLP), derived by PSMA-PET/CT and reflecting the total tumor burden, in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) enrolled in a prospective registry (NCT 04833517).

Methods

A total of n = 102 mCRPC patients received a [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT at baseline and after two cycles of PSMA-RLT, in which TLP was measured by using a semi-automated tumor segmentation. TLP was defined as the summed products of volume and uptake (∑ Volume × SUVmean) of all tumor lesions. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine the most appropriate ∆TLP thresholds for classification into partial remission (PR), stable disease (SD), and progressive disease (PD) regarding overall survival (OS). Furthermore, we analyzed criteria that are also frequently used in established response frameworks, such as the occurrence of new metastases as independent criterion (I) or in combination with change in tumor burden (II), and the change in PSA serum value (III).

Results

For the ∆TLP thresholds −30%/+30% (and also for higher thresholds, −40%/+40% or −50%/+50%), significant differences between all three response categories became apparent (PR/PD: p = 0.001; PR/SD: p = 0.001; SD/PD: p = 0.018). Including the development of new metastases as independent criterion of PD, there was no significant difference in OS between SD and PD (p = 0.455), neither when applied in combination with TLP (p = 0.191). Similarly, significant differentiation between SD and PD was not achieved by PSA serum value (p = 0.973).

Conclusion

In the largest monocentric study to date, TLP is shown to be a qualified prognostic biomarker, applying ∆TLP thresholds of −30%/+30%. It significantly differentiated between PR, SD, and PD, whereas other response criteria did not differentiate SD vs. PD. Using TLP, the development of new metastases is not a required information for predicting OS.
Delivery of Safe Pediatric Anesthesia Care in the First 8000 days: Realities, Challenges, and Solutions in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries
Authors: Powell William Francis , Echeto‐Cerrato Maria Alejandra , Gathuya Zipporah , Gray Rebecca Mary , Hodges Sarah , Nabukenya Mary T. , Newton Mark W. , Rai Ekta , Evans Faye M.
Published: October 2023

Background

Worldwide, perioperative mortality has declined over the past 50 years, but the reduction is skewed toward high‐income countries (HICs). Currently, pediatric perioperative mortality is much higher in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) compared to HICs, despite studied cohorts being predominantly low‐risk. These disparities must be studied and addressed.

Methods

A narrative review of the literature was undertaken to identify contributing factors and potential knowledge gaps. Interventions aimed at alleviating the outcomes disparities are discussed, and recommendations are made for future directions.

Results and conclusions

There is a lack of adequately trained pediatric anesthesia providers in LMICs, and the number must be bolstered by making such training available. Essential anesthesia medications and equipment, in pediatric‐appropriate sizes, are often not available; neither are essential infrastructure items. Perioperative staff are underprepared for emergent situations that may arise and simulation training may help to ameliorate this. The global anesthesia community has implemented several solutions to address these issues. The World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists (WFSA) and Global Initiative for Children's Surgery have published standards that outline essential items for the provision of safe perioperative pediatric care. Several short educational courses have been developed and introduced in LMICs that either specifically address pediatric patients, or contain a pediatric component. The WFSA also maintains a collection of discrete tutorials for educational purposes. Finally, in Africa, large‐scale, prospective data collection is underway to examine pediatric perioperative outcomes. More work needs to be done, though, to improve perioperative outcomes for pediatric patients in LMICs.
Recognizing Map Graphs of Bounded Treewidth
Authors: Angelini Patrizio , Bekos Michael A. , Da Lozzo Giordano , Gronemann Martin , Montecchiani Fabrizio , Tappini Alessandra
Published: October 2023

A map is a partition of the sphere into interior-disjoint regions homeomorphic to closed disks. Some regions are labeled as nations, while the remaining ones are labeled as holes. A map in which at mostknations touch at the same point is ak-map, while it is hole-free if it contains no holes. A graph is a map graph if there is a bijection between its vertices and the nations of a map, such that two nations touch if and only the corresponding vertices are connected by an edge. We present a fixed-parameter tractable algorithm for recognizing map graphs parameterized by treewidth. Its time complexity is linear in the size of the graph. It reports a certificate in the form of a so-called witness, if the input is a yes-instance. Our algorithmic framework is general enough to test, for anyk, if the input graph admits ak-map or a hole-free k-map.
Efficacy of human resource development program for young industry personnel who will be involved in future medical device development
Authors: Tsugita Yumi , Ushimaru Yuki , Kato Takamitsu , Sasaki Motoki , Hata Taishi , Hosaka Makoto , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Doki Yuichiro , Nakajima Kiyokazu
Published: October 2023

Background

Training next-generation personnel from small/medium enterprises (SMEs) is an urgent issue in promoting medical device research and development (R&D). Since 2014 we have engaged in governmentally funded human resource development program for medical/non-medical SMEs, and have assessed its effectiveness by analyzing self-evaluation of achievement level (SEAL) data obtained before and after the training course.

Methods

Human resource development experts interviewed 34 key opinion leaders with deep knowledge of medical device R&D from industry, government, and academia. The skills required for R&D personnel were written down, and a set of skills was created by making a greatest common measure in the list of common elements among them. Using that skill sets, skill evaluations were conducted on trainees at “Osaka University Training Course,” twice before participation and after completion of the entire program using SEAL assessment.

Results

There were 97 men and 25 women, with one-third in the’30 s. Among them, 61 participants (50%) were from R&D divisions, and 32 (26%) were from business/sales divisions. 94 (77%) were from medical SMEs, and 28 (23%) were from non-medical SMEs (new entry). After completing the training course, significant growth was observed in every item of both Soft and Hard skill sets. Especially in new entry SME members, a striking improvement was observed in practical medical knowledge to enhance communication with medical doctors (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

Our training course, though 7-day-short in total, showed that both Soft and Hard skills could be improved in young medical/non-medical SME members. Further assessment is needed to establish the necessary skill sets for our future partners from industries, to foster the creation of innovative medical devices through med-tech collaboration.
A simple framework for maximizing camera trap detections using experimental trials
Authors: DeWitt Philip D. , Cocksedge Amy G.
Published: October 2023

Camera trap data are biased when an animal passes through a camera’s field of view but is not recorded. Cameras that operate using passive infrared sensors rely on their ability to detect thermal energy from the surface of an object. Optimal camera deployment consequently depends on the relationship between a sensor array and an animal. Here, we describe a general, experimental approach to evaluate detection errors that arise from the interaction between cameras and animals. We adapted distance sampling models and estimated the combined effects of distance, camera model, lens height, and vertical angle on the probability of detecting three different body sizes representing mammals that inhabit temperate, boreal, and arctic ecosystems. Detection probabilities were best explained by a half-normal-logistic mixture and were influenced by all experimental covariates. Detection monotonically declined when proxies were ≥6 m from the camera; however, models show that body size and camera model mediated the effect of distance on detection. Although not a focus of our study, we found that unmodeled heterogeneity arising from solar position has the potential to bias inferences where animal movements vary over time. Understanding heterogeneous detection probabilities is valuable when designing and analyzing camera trap studies. We provide a general experimental and analytical framework that ecologists, citizen scientists, and others can use and adapt to optimize camera protocols for various wildlife species and communities. Applying our framework can help ecologists assess trade-offs that arise from interactions among distance, cameras, and body sizes before committing resources to field data collection.
Investment preference for either technical or operational energy efficiency measures to achieve sustainable maritime shipping
Authors: Longarela-Ares Ángeles , Calvo-Silvosa Anxo , Pérez-López José-Benito
Published: October 2023

The reduction in energy consumption in shipping is a crucial issue to achieve a more sustainable sector. Nevertheless, investments in energy efficiency are inhibited by barriers. Consequently, under a Principal-Agent approach, this study aims to analyze the factors affecting the investment preference for either technical or operational measures. To date, the research problem has barely been addressed from a similar approach. This work further integrates agency theory with the identification of barriers and drivers, as well as the cost–benefit ratio from both an environmental and a financial perspective. This makes it possible to consider shipping management from a more comprehensive perspective. The study sample is current and representative (658 individual bulk carriers). The research was carried out utilizing two binominal logistic models that provide similar results when testing the proposed hypotheses. The outcomes show that regulatory factors, such as the distance of a vessel’s technical emissions from EEDI requirements (standardized coefficients: −2.8352 and −2.5069), and Principal-Agent problems, such as split incentives (standardized coefficients: −1.0059 and −0.9828), have the greatest influence on investment preferences. As a consequence of Principal-Agent problems, vessels operating under Time Charter contracts are less likely to invest in technical measures than in operational ones. Verified information and activity promote technical measures. Maritime regulation promotes technical measures in younger vessels, especially those meeting only the minimum requirements. Better knowledge can help achieve a more environmentally responsible shipping sector. The role of shipowners and charterers should be highlighted, and transparency should be promoted to enable well-informed decisions to be made.
Local delivery of doxorubicin prodrug via lipid nanocapsule–based hydrogel for the treatment of glioblastoma
Authors: Wang Mingchao , Bergès Raphaël , Malfanti Alessio , Préat Véronique , Bastiancich Chiara
Published: October 2023

Glioblastoma (GBM) recurrences appear in most cases around the resection cavity borders and arise from residual GBM cells that cannot be removed by surgery. Here, we propose a novel treatment that combines the advantages of nanomedicine and local drug delivery to target these infiltrating GBM cells. We developed an injectable lipid nanocapsule (LNC)–based formulation loaded with lauroyl-doxorubicin prodrug (DOXC12). Firstly, we demonstrated the efficacy of intratumoral administration of DOXC12 in GL261 GBM-bearing mice, which extended mouse survival. Then, we formulated an injectable hydrogel by mixing the appropriate amount of prodrug with the lipophilic components of LNC. We optimized the hydrogel by incorporating cytidine-C16 (CytC16) to achieve a mechanical stiffness adapted for an application in the brain post-surgery (DOXC12-LNCCL). DOXC12-LNCCL exhibited high DOXC12 encapsulation efficiency (95%) and a size of approximately 60 nm with sustained drug release for over 1 month in vitro. DOXC12-LNCCL exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity compared to free DOXC12 (IC50 of 349 and 86 nM, respectively) on GL261 GBM cells and prevented the growth of GL261 spheroids cultured on organotypic brain slices. In vivo, post-surgical treatment with DOXC12-LNCCL significantly improved the survival of GL261-bearing mice. The combination of this local treatment with the systemic administration of anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen further delayed the onset of recurrences. In conclusion, our study presents a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of GBM. By targeting residual GBM cells and reducing the inflammation post-surgery, we present a new strategy to delay the onset of recurrences in the gap period between surgery and standard of care therapy.

Graphical Abstract
Making AI’s Impact on Pathology Visible: Using Ethnographic Methods for Ethical and Epistemological Insights
Authors: Milota Megan M. , Drogt Jojanneke M. T. M. , Jongsma Karin R.
Published: October 2023

The field of pathology is currently undergoing fundamental changes, including the transition from analog to digital workspaces and the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into digital diagnostic workflows. Discussing the ethical implications of these changes is complicated by the fact that both laypersons and medical professionals know relatively little about the ways pathologists conduct their daily work. To reveal the largely ‘invisible’ daily practices of pathology departments and better understand the ongoing processes of innovation within the field, we employed a variety of ethnographic methods: interviews, participant observations, and ethnographic filming. Approaching AI in pathology through three different angles helped us to gain rich knowledge and meaningful insights about the ways AI should impact pathologists’ and lab technicians’ roles and responsibilities. In this article, we describe the benefits and downsides of our ‘slow approach’ to data collection and invite those working on similar topics involving the complex dynamics of digital transitions to reflect on whether such methods might also benefit their research.
Headteachers' understanding on STEAM-based integrated curriculum practice in Nepal
Authors: Koirala Kamal Prasad , Neupane NabaRaj
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to determine the present status of integrated curriculum (grades 1–3) with experience to support transformative learning practice at the school level. The national and locally prepared curriculum to teach the integrated curriculum with transformative learning theory was reviewed in different contexts. This study followed a critical case study design under a qualitative, transformative, and participatory methodology. This study was conducted in the Gorkha district, selecting the three schools and head teachers. Themes were determined based on observation and interview data. The finding indicates that the revised STEAM-based integrated curriculum tried to provide holistic, transformative learning practice by enhancing students' knowledge, skills and entrepreneurship capacity to culturally diverse students. However, head teachers and other teachers could not successfully develop an enthusiasm for its perfect implication in the school education system. Concrete professional training could support the implication of a newly revised STEAM-based integrated curriculum.
AI-assisted modeling of capillary-driven droplet dynamics
Authors: Demou Andreas D. , Savva Nikos
Published: October 2023

In this study, we present and assess data-driven approaches for modeling contact line dynamics, using droplet transport on chemically heterogeneous surfaces as a model system. Ground-truth data for training and validation are generated based on long-wave models that are applicable for slow droplet motion with small contact angles, which are known to accurately reproduce the dynamics with minimal computing resources compared to high-fidelity direct numerical simulations. The data-driven models are based on the Fourier neural operator (FNO) and are developed following two different approaches. The first deploys the data-driven method as an iterative neural network architecture, which predicts the future state of the contact line based on a number of previous states. The second approach corrects the time derivative of the contact line by augmenting its low-order asymptotic approximation with a data-driven counterpart, evolving the resulting system using standard time integration methods. The performance of each approach is evaluated in terms of accuracy and generalizability, concluding that the latter approach, although not originally explored within the original contribution on the FNO, outperforms the former.
Post-Lie algebras in Regularity Structures
Authors: Bruned Yvain , Katsetsiadis Foivos
Published: October 2023

In this work, we construct the deformed Butcher-Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra coming from the theory of Regularity Structures as the universal envelope of a post-Lie algebra. We show that this can be done using either of the two combinatorial structures that have been proposed in the context of singular SPDEs: decorated trees and multi-indices. Our construction is inspired from multi-indices where the Hopf algebra was obtained as the universal envelope of a Lie algebra, and it has been proved that one can find a basis that is symmetric with respect to certain elements. We show that this Lie algebra comes from an underlying post-Lie structure.
Torsion in the Classical Spacetime Context
Authors: Meskhidze Helen , Weatherall James Owen
Published: October 2023

Teleparallel gravity, an empirically equivalent counterpart to general relativity, represents the influence of gravity using torsional forces. It raises questions about theory interpretation and underdetermination. To better understand the torsional forces of teleparallel gravity, we consider a context in which forces are better understood: classical spacetimes. We propose a method of incorporating torsion into the classical spacetime context that yields a classical theory of gravity with a closed temporal metric and spacetime torsion. We then prove a result analogous to the Trautman degeometrization theorem: that every model of Newton–Cartan theory gives rise, non-uniquely, to a model of this theory.
Time-resolved concentrations of serum amino acids, one-carbon metabolites and B-vitamin biomarkers during the postprandial and fasting state: the Postprandial Metabolism in Healthy Young Adults (PoMet) Study
Authors: Anfinsen Åslaug Matre , Johannesen Christina Osland , Myklebust Vilde Haugen , Rosendahl-Riise Hanne , McCann Adrian , Nygård Ottar Kjell , Dierkes Jutta , Lysne Vegard
Published: October 2023

Metabolomics has been utilised in epidemiological studies to investigate biomarkers of nutritional status and metabolism in relation to non-communicable diseases. However, little is known about the effect of prandial status on several biomarker concentrations. Therefore, the aim of this intervention study was to investigate the effect of a standardised breakfast meal followed by food abstinence for 24 h on serum concentrations of amino acids, one-carbon metabolites and B-vitamin biomarkers. Thirty-four healthy subjects (eighteen males and sixteen females) aged 20–30 years were served a breakfast meal (∼500 kcal) after which they consumed only water for 24 h. Blood samples were drawn before and at thirteen standardised timepoints after the meal. Circulating concentrations of most amino acids and metabolites linked to one-carbon metabolism peaked within the first 3 h after the meal. The branched-chain amino acids steadily increased from 6 or 8 hours after the meal, while proline decreased in the same period. Homocysteine and cysteine concentrations immediately decreased after the meal but steadily increased from 3 and 4 hours until 24 h. FMN and riboflavin fluctuated immediately after the meal but increased from 6 h, while folate increased immediately after the meal and remained elevated during the 24 h. Our findings indicate that accurate reporting of time since last meal is crucial when investigating concentrations of certain amino acids and one-carbon metabolites. Our results suggest a need for caution when interpretating studies, which utilise such biomarkers, but do not strictly control for time since the last meal.
Phosphorous concentration in iron-rich rocks of the Chilpi Group, Bastar Craton, India: implications on late Palaeoproterozoic seawater palaeo-productivity
Authors: Mishra Prasanta Kumar , Mohanty Sarada Prasad , Mohanty Debadutta , Mukherjee Mrinal Kanti
Published: October 2023

The concentration of the bio-limiting nutrient element, phosphorus (P), in seawater is important for primary marine productivity and the evolution of life on geological time scales. The molar percentage of P/Fe in banded iron formations (BIF) and iron oxide-rich chemical sediments is a good proxy for the first-order approximation of seawater P concentration. Bio-available concentration of phosphorus in Precambrian, especially during the late Palaeoproterozoic Era (2.0–1.8 Ga), is poorly constrained. We evaluated the P/Fe ratios of iron-rich rocks from the late Palaeoproterozoic Chilpi Group, Bastar Craton, Central India. The bulk rock molar percentage of P/Fe ratios of the Chilpi rocks vary between 0.11 and 1.17 (average 0.51 ± 0.3), and the average of EPMA spot analysis P/Fe molar ratio is 0.32 ± 0.4; both have values similar to Archaean BIFs of the world. The observed low molar ratio is not an artefact of contamination from terrestrial sources, diagenetic alterations or high-temperature hydrothermal inputs; it indicates the deposition from phosphorus-lean seawater. The modelled P/Fe molar ratio in the Chilpi Group suggests that the concentration of phosphorus in the shallow marine environment was less than 0.12 μM. The low level of phosphorus concentration in seawater during the late Palaeoproterozoic Era is interpreted to be a consequence of the low primary production during a period of low atmospheric oxygen content, which might have impeded the evolution of eukaryotes.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF LAW FORMED WITHIN THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEM
Authors: Bjorge Eirik
Published: October 2023

In the work of the International Law Commission (ILC) on ‘the general principles of law’ in Article 38(1)(c) of the Statute of the International Court of Justice, one question has given rise to an inordinate amount of controversy: does this category of principles include principles formed within the international legal system or does it embrace only principles derived from national legal systems? In the draft conclusions adopted on first reading in 2023, the ILC accepts the existence of general principles of law formed within the international legal system, but only in a very narrow manner. Prominent commentators have argued that such a narrow approach is correct. It has been contended, furthermore, that the category of general principles of law formed within the international legal system is an innovation of the ILC's, and one that lacks any real support in State practice. These views are based on assumptions to the effect that the traditional view concerning the meaning of Article 38(1)(c) was that it referred only to general principles of law derived from national legal systems. The present article takes issue with these assumptions. It seeks to prove, by an analysis of the position in 1920 when the Statute was drafted, of the practice of States, both before and after 1920, and the writings of leading commentators, that general principles of law formed within the international legal system are no less part of ‘general principles of law’ than general principles of law derived from national legal systems.
Crystal structure and X-ray powder diffraction data for Lumateperone tosylate
Authors: Liu Jiyong , Shi Dier , Liu Shuna , Hu Xiurong
Published: October 2023

X-ray powder diffraction data, unit-cell parameters, and space group for the Lumateperone tosylate, C24H29FN3O⋅C7H7O3S, are reported [a = 15.5848(10) Å, b = 6.0700(4) Å, c = 31.3201(14) Å, β = 96.544(5)°, V = 2943.58 Å3, Z = 4, and space group C2]. In each case, all measured lines were indexed and were consistent with the corresponding space group. The single-crystal data of Lumateperone tosylate is also reported, respectively [a = 15.626(3) Å, b = 6.0806(10) Å, c = 31.415(5) Å, β = 96.609(7)°, V = 2965.1(8) Å3, Z = 4, and space group C2]. The experimental powder diffraction pattern has been well matched with the simulated pattern derived from the single-crystal data with preferred orientation in the [002] direction (orientation coefficient = 0.75).
The therapeutic effect of Mongolian medicine based on Qiwei Guangzao pill on depression
Authors: Wu Yuanyuan , Du Lan , Anggelima  , Ling Ling , Tong Shan , Wang Huan
Published: October 2023

Background

The fast pace of modern life and work competition has led to an increase in the incidence rate of depression year by year. In recent years, Mongolian medicine has achieved good results in the treatment of depression. Research on the production of Mongolian medicine group based on Qiwei Guangzao pill to explore its therapeutic effect on moderate depression.

Subjects and Methods

The study selected 70 patients with moderate depression and randomly divided them into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received Mongolian medicine based on Qiwei Guangzao pills in the morning, middle, and evening, supplemented by droperidol and melitracen tablets; The control group only received oral administration of flupentixol and melitracin tablets. The treatment course was 4 weeks, and the patient’s status was evaluated by Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) score. SPSS25.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the data obtained.

Results

Compared to the control group, the rehabilitation rate of patients in the experimental group was 14.3%, and the proportion of patients with significant treatment effects was 45.8%. The total effective rate was about 91.4%, indicating that the improvement of HAMD scores in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group.

Conclusions

The experimental results show that the Mongolian medicine group based on Qiwei Guangzao pill has a significant therapeutic effect on moderate depression, and can effectively improve patients’ sleep status and gastrointestinal symptoms.

Acknowledgement

The National Natural Science Foundation of China, Correlational study on Lianqiao-4 and intestinal flora in the treatment of liver injury by the theory of “ essence and dross decomposition” (Grant No. 82060910); The National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China, Study on genomics and proteomics mechanism of Lianqiao-4 against liver injury based on the theory of “ essence and dross decomposition “ in Mongolian Medicine (Grant No. 81760765); The central government supported cross-disciplinary projects with special funds for local construction (No. JCHXKXM001).
The role of education models under the red sports culture in attention deficit disorder students
Authors: Su Nan
Published: October 2023

Background

Although physical education is considered to be beneficial for attention deficit disorder students in general, the therapeutic role of physical education models based on red sports culture optimization for this group has not been extensively studied. Therefore, it is important to further explore the physical education model optimized by red sports culture for the therapeutic effect of students with attention deficit disorder.

Subjects and Methods

The study first let a proportion of participants receive the physical education model intervention under red sports culture optimization. The intervention includes the following aspects, individualized exercise program selection, individual guidance and coaching, focus training, emotion regulation skills, etc. The intervention can be conducted through classroom teaching, group activities, individual instruction, and other forms. Control participants received the traditional physical education mode, and the data were analyzed using 3D-CAM during the experiment.

Results

The analysis found that the participants had different degrees of improvement in their attentional control, motor coordination and emotional regulation after receiving the physical education model intervention under the red sports culture optimization. Meanwhile, the results showed that 84.3% of attention deficit disorder students improved their social skills.

Conclusions

This study provides guidance and reference for improving and optimizing the physical education model to better meet the needs of students with attention deficit disorder. The findings will provide practical application value to educators, medical professionals and parents to help them better support and promote the development and adaptability of students with attention deficit disorder

Acknowledgement

The scientific research fund of Inner Mongolia University for nationalities, No. NMDYB20013.
Automatic Stabilisation of Helicopters
Authors: Sissingh G J
Published: October 2023

Mr Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen,

It is a pleasure to introduce our lecturer this afternoon Although as a fellow-member he has remained modestly in the background until now, DR SISSINGH is known internationally as a leading aerodynamicist in the rotary-wing field

Perhaps his first notable contribution was a paper published in “Luftfahrtforschung” exactly 10 years ago, this was later translated into English and became an N A C A Technical Memorandum In his calculations DR SISSINGH was not content with a rough estimate of the average values of drag coefficient and induced velocity but took into account their distribution along the blade This unwillingness to make empirical assumptions merely for the sake of mathematical simplicity is typical of his subsequent work

For a number of years DR SISSINGH has devoted his attention to helicopter stability and has written extensively on this important problem His investigations were conducted first at the Flettner Company near Berlin, then at the well-known Kaiser Wilhelm Institut at Gottingen, and recently at the Royal Aircraft Establishment
The Technical Point of View
Authors: Liptrot R N
Published: October 2023

In a paper such as this, where I am asked to point a critical finger at the problems which we have to face in developing the helicopter for civil operation, it is inevitable that I should call attention to the shortcomings of the helicopters on which our experience rests so far We have to remember that it is only a few short years since the helicopter reached the stage when it could be put in the hands of operators, and that the types on which the whole of our experience is based were born in the stress of the war years when they had to be put into use just as soon as they worked reasonably well We have to admit that in many respects they are relatively crude in design, but, nonetheless, they have demonstrated that the helicopter is a practical transport vehicle and they have proved their worth in many fields The helicopter has definitely arrived and will take its place in Civil Aviation as complementary to the fixed wing aeroplane for normal transport operations, and in a sphere entirely its own where its special characteristics make it capable of doing work which no other vehicle can perform
The Fairey Gyrodyne
Authors: Bennett J A J
Published: October 2023

The success of the helicopter today is primarily the result of a background of rotary-wing experience covering many years of research into the problems of the gyroplane This simple form of rotorcraft, proposed by JUAN DE LA CIERVA, was developed to a stage at which vertical take-off and landing were normal maneouvres and were no longer exclusive features of the helicopter Only the ability to hover remained as the unique advantage of the power-operated rotor—an advantage for which a heavy penalty had to be paid The general problems of the helicopter for civil use are concerned mainly with an alleviation of the penalty that hovering has incurred
Rotor Stations—Public User View
Authors: Primrose W H
Published: October 2023

May I congratulate Mr WHITBY on his excellent and lucid paper It has filled me with interest and admiration Interest, because the subject is one in which for some time past I have tried, by preaching and propaganda, to interest others Admiration, because, judging by my own reaction, he seems likely to succeed where I have failed

From this well deserved tribute to the lecturer I do not wish it to be inferred that I agree with all he has said on the subject

He has stated at the outset that the “public user” and other aspects are left by him to be dealt with by other speakers—in the case of the “public user” this is my unfortunate self But he nevertheless goes on, in the latter part of his paper under the heading of “Traffic requirements for booking and handling passengers,” to state what the passenger or public user must do to satisfy the operator
Jet-Propelled Rotor-Blade Construction
Authors: Hodgess F L
Published: October 2023

In presenting this paper an attempt has been made to outline some of the additional problems which are connected with the design and construction of rotor blades driven by jets at the tips

The complications which arise when ram or pulse jets are fitted are not discussed in detail as it is considered that these problems are also included among those which occur when pressure jets are used as the means of propulsion

This short paper will therefore be confined to a discussion on the engineering of rotor blades driven by pressure jets at the tips
Blade Construction Processes
Authors: Fitzwilliams O L L
Published: October 2023

This short talk describes the manufacture of the metal rotor blades now going into quantity production for the S 51 and S 55 Helicopters at the Westland Aircraft Works These blades are a Sikorsky development so that there are many details both of design and construction which I am not at liberty to discuss On the other hand I hope to give a general indication of the way in which they are made, and of the scale of facilities which are available They are the first all metal helicopter main rotor blades to go into quantity production outside the United States

The backbone of the blade is an extruded light alloy spar which begins life as a billet in the extrusion presses at Messrs Birmetals Since the blades of the S 55 Helicopter use the same type of extrusion as the smaller S 51 blades, in future all extrusions will be delivered to us in the longer length and will be cut down for the manufacture of S 51 spars Each extrusion contains two shear webs inside the main contour and these run the entire length of the spars
Helicopter Operating Experiences
Authors: Vernieuwe A V J
Published: October 2023

Mr NORMAN HILL briefly outlined the proceedings and drew the attention of the meeting to the presence of Mr E MENSFORTH, C B E, M A, M I Mech E, F R Ae S, the new President of the Association, this being his first attendance as President Mr MASEFIELD was then called on to open the meeting

Mr President, Ladies and Gentlemen This really has been quite a remarkable week in Aviation, and I think perhaps this evening is a fitting climax During this week we have seen some excellent new aeroplanes, both the old fashioned fixed wing types (even if they do have jet engines) and, of course, the “shape of wings to come”—a number of new helicopters I personally feel after seeing the Bristol 173 in the air that no one can now doubt that one important trend of the future of air transport—and, indeed, of transport as a whole—is in the direction of the helicopter We seem to have got out of the “gold fish bowl” stage at last with helicopters to something which looks like a real vehicle
British Helicopter Developments
Authors: McClements A
Published: October 2023

When asked to prepare this paper it seemed that two courses were open, namely —

(a)

the detailed consideration of a few aspects of British helicopter developments, and

(b)

a more general survey of the British helicopter development field with references from which details of much of our work could be obtained

The latter course was chosen because it was felt to be the more useful as a work of reference and more likely to convey an accurate impression of British activities as a whole

To assist in understanding the British helicopter development situation, and because it may be of interest to some not familiar with past events in the United Kingdom, I propose to start this paper by briefly mentioning some important aspects of British developments and activities before and during the war years
Some thoughts on the operational future of the Transport Helicopter
Authors: Masefield Peter G
Published: October 2023

It is the custom of the Association for the Chairman to introduce to you formally all its lecturers In the case of our lecturer this evening, there is no such necessity to do so, for we all know full well the name PETER MASEFIELD and the work that he has done and is doing in all branches of commercial and other aviation and doubtless some of us would wish to know something more of his background than is already available

In 1945, Peter Masefield was appointed by the Minister of Civil Aviation to be the first British Civil Air Attache at the British Embassy in Washington In 1946 he was appointed Director General of Long Term Planning and Projects at the British Ministry of Civil Aviation in London He led the British delegation to the South Pacific Air Defence Council in 1948 in Wellington, New Zealand In January, 1949, he joined British European Airways and was appointed Chief Executive and member of the Board in October, 1949, Lord Douglas of Kirtleside having been appointed Chairman a short while previously
The Simulation of Helicopter Flight Loads in Ground Tests
Authors: Brennan M J
Published: October 2023

You are all aware of the problems associated with the title of this lecture and, m order to avoid overlapping with Mr Hafner, I shall limit my part to the work that has been carried out on the Skeeter

In many respects the helicopter resembles an aircraft engine unit, and it therefore suggests itself that the routine method of testing engines should be applied to the helicopter Indeed at the beginning of 1951, a draft proposal to this effect was put forward, and is as follows

(1) The aircraft should be tested for functioning on the ground followed by the strain gauging of its transmission, control and rotor systems During the strain gauging a complete range of flight control should be covered

(2) Records made of these tests should be examined for any undue stress levels and stress oscillations
The Noise of a Pulse Jet
Authors: Powell Alan
Published: October 2023

Some measurements of the noise of a pulse jet working in the open have been made Octave analyses show that the bulk of the noise energy is contained in the fundamental, the source approximating to the classical simple acoustic source This results in a relation for the mean noise level in decibels,

where ρo is the ambient air density, c the velocity of sound and V that of the jet of exit area S and pulsation frequency f, r being the distance from the source (The units are c g s for which ρoc = 42) This gives a good approximation to the mean noise level, in practice the level decreasing as the angle from the jet stream is increased, and the character of the noise also becoming rather less unpleasant to the ear Although noise due to the intake of air past the valves, and the valves themselves, is undoubtedly present, it has not been considered separately, since there is no indication suggesting that it is appreciable in comparison with that of the pulsating exhaust Its existence, however, should not be overlooked

Since the generator of the acoustic energy can be likened to a simple source, the “efficiency” of the process is high, about 1% compared with a simple jet where a quadrupole field is more appropriate For a thrust of about 18 lbs, measurements indicate acoustic energy of the order of 400 watts

A second flatter and lower peak is also present in the spectra, being attributed to aerodynamic noise of the jet Although swamped by the other noise, its level is higher than that of a steady “cold” jet producing the same thrust by 25 or 30 db

Since the pulsating flow is an essential characteristic of this form of prime mover, the problem of noise reduction at source is severe A certain amount of cancellation by the mutual interference of two units might be achieved if it is possible for two units to run in close proximity to each other at a definite frequency
Helicopters and the Whaling Industry
Authors: Bristow A E
Published: October 2023

Mr Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen I have been in some dilemma about the type of paper to read before such a technical body I would like very much to include a brief history of whaling, the zoology of whales, and the economics of whaling I would like to describe rounding Cape Horn in a full gale, and to tell you in an informal way of experiences during a hurricane in latitude 68 South last season, of terrible accidents and suicides, of personal sacrifice, of brilliant seamanship, of bitter disappointment, and of super-human efforts I would also like to recall some amusing, some sad and some frightening personal experiences that I had during two whaling seasons

Instead, I shall describe the structure of a whaling expedition and summarise last season’s work, trying to make a comparison between present whaling methods and new techniques offered to the whaling industry by the use of helicopters I shall conclude with a summary of the advantages to be gained by the use of helicopters for whaling
Helicopters in Malaya
Authors: Fry K
Published: October 2023

Casualty Evacuation Flight was formed in May, 1950, at Royal Air Force Station, Changi, and was disbanded on the 31st January, 1953, and its aircraft and personnel were absorbed into No 194 Squadron, on formation, at R N A S, Sembawary

The helicopters, Westland Dragonfly II (S 51 with fabric blades) were assembled and test-flown at Seletar in April, 1950 When the unit based at Changi trials were carried out to deduce the aircrafts performance using as many combinations of individual pilot and aircraft as possible at various times throughout the day to obtain varying humidity and temperature variations and their effects on performance