bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validating and Testing Learning Transfer System Inventory (LTSI) in a Developing Country Context: A Case of Pakistan’s Service Sector
Authors: ZEESHAN HUSSAIN  , MUHAMMAD NAUMAN HABIB  , ZUNNOORAIN KHAN  , SAQIB SHAHZAD
Published: December 2021

Learning Transfer System Inventory (LTSI) is a tool used to measure the impact of various factors on learning outcomes. The objective of the study was to understand the problems faced by Pakistan service sector employees and finally to evaluate the impact of motivation scale, environment scale and trainee ability scale on outcome scale.Questionnaire of Learning Transfer System Inventory adopted from Holton, Bates and Ruona (2000) was used.569 questionnaires were administered to the employees of Peshawar service sector including employees of banks, non-government organizations, education and health sectors, out of which 415 were completed with a response rate of 73%.Correlation analysis shows that value of R is 0.969 that means there is 96.9% correlation in variables that are considered in model. The value of R Square is 0.939. In Service Sector, Supervisor Sanction Variable, Performance Outcome Expectation Variable and Performance Coaching Variable are insignificant and do not bring change in our dependent variable Outcome. Standardized Coefficients show that Personal Capacity for Transfer Variable, Peer Support Variable, Supervisor Support Variable and Transfer Effort Performance Expectation Variable having higher Standardized Coefficients betas, that means those variables bring greater change in dependent variable Outcome.
Social-marketing as a Tool of Behavioral Change in Youths’ Personal Development
Authors: SHAFAQ HASSAN  , ABDUL QAYYUM  , SANA-UR-REHMAN SHEIKH  , SHAMS-UR-REHMAN
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to study the link between the concept of social marketing and personal development of the youth. More specifically, it aims to identify the internal/external determinants of youth development and design, implement and evaluate the impact of community-based social marketing intervention program upon youth. A mixed methods research design with an overarching participatory paradigm is implemented, which includes a purposive sample of youth between the ages of 18-29. Qualitative methods include focus groups and face-to-face interviews. Quantitative methods included a pretest/posttest quasi-experimental design used to determine whether there is a difference in the personal development of youth. The findings conclude that there is a significant difference in the before and after experimental group when subjects are exposed to social marketing concepts as compared to the control group receiving no such exposure over a two-month time frame. However, there is no difference in the personal development within the experimental group on the basis of gender.
Comparative Analysis on Service Quality &Customer Satisfaction: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan Hotel Industry
Authors: SYED NASEEB ULLAH SHAH  , DR. QADAR BAKHSH BALOCH
Published: December 2021

The phenomenon of Quality of service, as the degree of excellence at an acceptable price, has gained a pivotal place in the success or failure of a business or gaining and maintaining customer satisfaction over the years. The research study aimedto compare the mean score of KPK, Punjab and Islamabad hotel customer’s mean score and to recommend strategies for improving managerial efficiency and operational effectiveness in improvising and sustaining service quality so as to gain and sustain customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. The population included hotels having restaurants and living accommodation both, and stratified on the bases of geography located in selected cities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Islamabad and Lahore. The sample of hotel , worked out on the bases of 10hotels from each location and 20 customers from each hotel, comprises of 60 hotels and 1200 customers from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and 20 hotels and 400 customers forum Islamabad and Lahore . The paired samples t-test used to compare the mean score difference about the customers of KPK, Punjab and Islamabad Pakistan found that there is significance difference between the mean score of Punjab and KPK customers on service quality attributes. The mean score of Punjab customers is and Islamabad customers are found that there is significance difference between the mean score for Punjab and customers on service quality attributes. The research contributes theoretically and practically to the Hotel service industry and customer satisfaction in Pakistan which is supported by the empirical evidence and would help the Pakistan’s Hotel industry to improve its business performance through improving their service quality and adding in to their customer satisfaction.
Leaders’ Individualized Consideration and Employees’ Job Satisfaction
Authors: DR. SYED HAIDER KHALIL  , SHEHNAZ SAHIBZADAH
Published: December 2021

Individualized Consideration is an important factor affecting organizational employees’ job satisfaction. Many studies show that Individualized Consideration of leadership has positive and significant influence on job satisfaction. Based on a literature review and previous work, this study aims to investigate the influence of Individualized Consideration on organizational job satisfaction. The findings of this study provide evidence that Individualized Consideration have significant positive influence on job satisfaction. The study suggests that if organizations heads demonstrate Individualized Consideration, it will be proven, highly effective to achieve employees’ job satisfaction in their organizations.
Effect of Internal Financial Policy on Shareholders’ Wealth and Firm Value
Authors: MOHAMMAD FAROOQ  , DR. ALAM REHMAN  , ADIL KHAN  , MOHAMMAD BILAL
Published: December 2021

This studyexamines the impact of internal financial policy on share holders’ wealth and firm value. The study uses the data of manufacturing sector firms listed on PSE. The study apply random sampling techniques for the collection of data and total 91 firms selected as sample from different sub sectors in manufacturing sector. Stock price each share and firm value per share were taken as dependent variables whereas retained earnings per share and dividend paid per share used as independent variables and net total asset per share and firm value to book value per share taken as control variables. Panel data of all these variables used to examine the relationship of internal financial policy on stock price and firm value. The findings of this study indicate that dividen payout, retained earnings, and net total assets per share have positive and significant impact on stock price where as firm book value per share ratio has insignificant impact on stock price. Dividend payout shown strong relation with stock price as compare to retained earning. Dividend payout, retained earnings, net total assets per share have positive and significance relation with firm value and firm book value per share ratio has positive butinsignificant relationship with firm value. The study has some policy implications for the users and top management of these firms.
Impact of Macroeconomic Factors on Stock Returns of KSE 100 Index
Authors: MUHAMMAD TAHIR KHAN  , ASAF KHAN  , DR. ADNAN AHMAD  , OBAID ULLAH BASHIR
Published: December 2021

Positive moment of stock return is an important component for investors, the intension of this study was to examine the impact of macroeconomic variables on stock return. The monthly stocks price data of 15 firms was taken from the period of January 2008 to December 2012. The results revealed that there was a positive impact of exchange rate on stock return, while inflation rate and interest rate had a significant negative impact on stock return. The results of variance decompositions revealed that out of three macroeconomic variables Inflation rate showed greater forecast error for KSE 100 Index
Impact of Ownership Structure on Bank Risk Taking: A Comparative Analysis of Conventional Banks and Islamic Banks of Pakistan
Authors: ARIF HUSSAIN  , DR. ALAM REHMAN  , AQSA SIDDIQUE  , HASEEB UR REHMAN
Published: December 2021

This study is about the impact of ownership structure on bank risk taking with comparison between conventional banks and Islamic banks of Pakistan. Z-Score and SDROA are used as risk taking variables. While managerial ownership, institutional ownership, foreign ownership and block holders were taken as proxies for ownership structure. Ten private commercial banks and four Islamic banks were randomly selected and data have been collected from annual reports of these banks from 2010 to 2016. The result suggested that all the proxies of ownership structure i.e. managerial ownership, institutional ownership, foreign ownership and block holders have significant positive impact on Z-Score. On the other hand using SDROA as proxy for risk taking the proxies of managerial ownership has significant positive impact on SDROA and institutional ownership has significant negative impact on SDROA of banks in Pakistan. On the other hand foreign ownership and block holders have insignificant impact on SDROA. The result of BankID is significant which shows that ownership structure has significant impact on bank risk taking in conventional banks while in Islamic banks ownership structure doesn’t have any significant impact on bank risk.
Examining The Social Impact of Microfinance on Poverty Reduction
Authors: DR. SAIF UL MUJAHID SHAH  , DR. ANWAR UL MUJAHID SHAH  , SYED ARSHAD ALI SHAH
Published: December 2021

As Poverty has become a global challenge for all the nations around the world, from the past many years, different strategies have been used to reduce it. However, since 1980s Microfinance has become a powerful tool to alleviate poverty and it's not adopted even in the developing countries but also developed nations have been practicing it. Many of the past studies used the economic indicators to measure the impact of microfinance on poverty reduction, and few have concentrated on the social indicators. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of microfinance as a poverty reduction in terms of social indicators in the rural areas of northern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The objective of this research is to check whether the established NGOs in the concern areas have been successful in bringing social change in the life of the beneficiaries. For the purpose of analysis, the structural equation model is applied to a sample of 440 collected through a structured questionnaire. Results show that microfinance had a negative impact on the health and education of the beneficiaries. This research indicates that more funds and priority should be given to the education and health sector because they have equal importance as compared to the other economic indicators.
Antecedent of Job Stress: Causes Need to be Identified A Case of Secondary School Teachers
Authors: SHAHZAD KHAN  , Dr. MUHAMMAD TARIQ KHAN  , MUHAMMAD ATIQ RAFIQUE KHATTAK
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study is to identify the possible antecedents of stress in secondary schools teaches. Many factors are there which lead stress specifically in private sectors. However it’s important to find the essential role playing factor of stress in private schools teachers. The research identified the antecedents of job stress in private schools teachers in Peshawar Pakistan. Population of the study has been chosen on convenience sampling a non-probability technique. A 5 point lickert Scale structured questionnaire was distributed among 100 schools teachers. The data collected through questionnaires was analyzed and interpreted using ANOVA, and Regression co-efficient. The findings of the study revealed that co-worker relation and school discipline are the key factors of schools teachers stress.
Earnings Management and Dividend Policy: Testing Audit Quality for the Moderating Effect
Authors: ASIF ZEB  , DR. ARIF HUSSAIN  , DR. ALAM RAHMAN
Published: December 2021

The study is about the moderating effect of audit quality on the relationship between earning management and dividend policy in manufacturing sector of Pakistan. Firms listed in Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSE) have been considered to investigate the effect of earnings management on dividend policy from 2010 to 2016 in Pakistan. The dividend policy is calculated by dividend payout ratio whereas the discretionary accruals have been used for the measurement of earning management and this is taken as a proxy to estimate the earning management. The modified cross sectional model is adopted to quantity discretionary accruals. From the analysis, it is concluded that earning management has influence on dividend policy which rejects null hypothesis of the study. The regression coefficients explain that the connection is too weak that it is most near to no connection. The reason of this no connection or influence is financial decline time period, as earning management varies annually.
Marketing in the Green: A Description of Direct Selling and Relationship Marketing in Malaysian Jungles
Authors: DR. MOHAMMAD DAUD ALI  , DR. SYED IMAD SHAH  , MUHAMMAD TARIQ
Published: December 2021

This paper is a description of how marketing occurs in the forests of Malaysia, a focus made on the direct selling and relationship marketing in those jungles where marketers/sales people get access to their customers. These potential customers living in the shelter houses temporarily prepared in the jungles where the customers are employed for various assignments. An observation method for data and information gathering is acquired. Discussion/ unstructured interviews are made with the sales people and customers to understand the essence of direct selling and the relationship that the marketers have developed with the customers who live in the jungles. Also, pictures were drawn with a digital camera to reveal how the customers and the marketers relate while dealing with each other.
Impact of Classroom Environment on Student’s Attitude Towards School
Authors: LUBNA NAZNEEN  , DR. SUMMAYYA HAYAT  , DR. JUNAID ATHAR KHAN
Published: December 2021

Current study was undertaken to determine the effect of psychosocial classroom environment on student’s attitude towards school. Using cluster sampling technique 203 students’ including 97 females’ and 107 males, age range 12-14 years were taken from class 7th and 8th of different government and private schools in Peshawar. What Is Happening In This Class? (WIHIC) questionnaire (Fraser, McRobbie & Fisher, 1996) and an Attitude toward School Scale (Anderson, 1999) were administered for data collection. Psychosocial classroom environment was found to be a significant predictor of students’ attitude towards school. There were also some gender differences on different classroom environment variables and their impact on student’s attitude towards school.
Social Commerce Marketing Activities Participation Among University Level Students in Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Irfan  , Hamid Ullah
Published: December 2021

We live in the era of information communication society, where people are connected more than ever. Social media is becoming most trustable tool after word of mouth. The aim of this study was to examine participation of university level students in social marketing activities. The sample consisted of total 281 students, determined by circumstantial method. Questionnaire developed by the work of using the research of Korkmaz (2013), was used as data collection tools. Significant level was accepted as p<0.05 in statistical analysis. Independent t test, and structure equation modeling were used to assess the relationship among latent construct. Consequently, significant
Mutual Fund Performance Persistence and Competition: Pakistan’s Open Ended Mutual Fund Performance Analysis
Authors: Yasir Khan  , Dr. Saima Batool  , Mukharif Shah  , Mukharif Shah
Published: December 2021

Mutual Funds through its professional managers enable small investors to enjoy benefits of capital market with small amount. This study with special focus on Pakistani Mutual Fund industry, tests the suitability of traditional measures and multifactor, asset pricing models on the Mutual Fund performance. Owing to rareness of the applicability of the multifactor models in comparison to traditional measures, in evaluating Mutual Fund performance in modern day Pakistani research, the study uses CAPM, Fama French, Carhart models in the performance evaluation of Pakistan Mutual Fund. The data of 100 open-end Mutual Funds, for the period 2005 to 2017 was collected from Mutual Fund Association of Pakistan; while the risk free rates data was collected from State Bank of Pakistan and Stock data from Pakistan Stock Exchange for predicting the results, Ratio analysis, CAPM, Fama French-3 Factor and Carhart-4 factor model were used to understand its suitability. The results demonstrated that application of CAPM, affect market factors of majority of the portfolios.Where as in other two models (Fama French, Carhart) the majority of the portfolios are insignificantly affected by the size factor, value factor and Momentum factor. The Gibbon Rose Shanken unveils the suitability of the best model and justify CAPM as the better model among the three competing models in evaluate on theMutual Fund performance in Pakistan. The study has certain implications for the managers of assets management companies as well as useful for the investors in knowing which funds perform better and which kind of funds are ideal for investment.
Impact Of Service Quality On Students Satisfaction In Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Roohul Amin  , Dr. Asma Khuwaja  , NisarAfridi
Published: December 2021

In prevalent competitive environment of higher education institutions it has become vital for the institutional management to pursue for attainment of students satisfaction and maintain it throughout their stay in the institution during the course of study. Besides many predictors, the service quality is considered very vital factor in education sector to ensure students satisfaction all along their learning stage. Therefore, this research study aims to measure the relationship between the service qualities of higher education institutions with their customers (students) satisfaction. The service quality of higher education is determined by measuring various dimensions of service quality such as; the tangibility of institution and its infrastructure, reliability in its service delivery, responsiveness of its service providers, assurance and empathy. The research furthers its measurement of relationship of each dimension of service quality with students satisfaction level with a view to ascertain significance of each or otherwise. The research intends to investigate students of public and private sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The research is not only expected to determine the prevalent level students satisfaction and service quality of higher education, but also help to draw a comparative analyses between the public and private sector in this regard. The research would help the management of higher education institutions to revisit and regulate their strategies to deliver better service quality to its customers by focusing each dimension of the service quality individually.
An Economic Analysis of the Handicraft Industry in District Chitral Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Mian Nasir Uddin  , Muhammad Tariq  , Muhammad Arif Orakzai
Published: December 2021

This study carries out an economic analysis of the handicraft industry located in the surrounding of Gol National Park, District Chitral. For this purpose, primary data has been collected through a detailed questionnaire and interview schedule from 60 respondents consisting of 40 local producers, 10 retailers and 10 customers during October, 2019. For the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, correlation and ordinary least square techniques are used. The findings show that the weekly cost, revenue and profit of the 27 selected embroidery producers are Rs.251300, Rs.432990 and Rs.181690 respectively. Similarly, the total weekly cost, revenue and profit of 13 selected woodenware producers are Rs. 496200, Rs. 647000 Rs.150800 respectively. Similarly, a single retailer (on average) per month revenue from handicraft products is around Rs. 51600 and his/her products per day demand is approximately eight (8) items. The findings also reveal that total household income and spending on education are positively related with the profit and revenue. And cost on material and average sale are positively related with per unit cost. These findings suggest that effective policies are required for the promotion of handicraft industry which will reduce poverty and improve the socio-economic status of the handicraft producers in District Chitral.
Corporate Governance Characteristics and Environmental, Social & Governance (ESG) Performance: Evidence from the Banking Sector of Pakistan
Authors: Samina Rooh  , Muhammad Zahid  , Muhammad Farooq Malik  , Muhammad Tahir
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the paper is to examine the impact of corporate governance on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance.This paper alsoinvestigates the influence of corporate governance on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure.The majority of previous empirical research studies have either centered on ESG disclosure in developed economies, but the present problem concerning the corporate sector is defining the role of corporate governance in improving ESG performance inthe banking sectors of Pakistan.This paper is based on quantitative and secondary data approaches. The datawas collected fromthe annual reportsof 17 public and privatecommercial banks of Pakistan through an adapted ESG index. This study applied the Stata 13.0 panel data approach to analyzing the effect of corporate governance on ESG performance. Theresults showed that gender diversity, boardindependence,and return on assets(ROA) positively affect ESG performance. The board size and firm size havean insignificant impact on the ESG performance. Furthermore, firm age and previous year ESG practices (lag of ESG) have a significant positive role inthe improvement of ESG performance.However, in contrast, firm leverage has a negative significant effect on the ESG practices of the banking sectors.This papertries to fulfill the gap by examiningcorporate governance and ESG performance in the banking sectors ofPakistan. The findings of the study have significant implications for the top management of the banks, financial experts, regulatory bodies, investment advisors, academics practitioners, and Pakistan stock exchange towards the better implementation of corporate goverance and ESG practices.
Nuevos registros fósiles de Onthophagus pilauco Tello, Verdú, Rossini y Zunino, 2021 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae), revelan un patrón morfológico único entre los Onthophagus americanos
Authors: Tello Francisco , Rossini Michele , Pino Mario , Verdú José R.
Published: December 2021

Se describen e ilustran nuevos hallazgos de restos fósiles de uno de los escarabajos estercoleros de Pilauco, Onthophagus pilauco Tello, Verdú, Rossini y Zunino, 2021 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), extinto en la base de la cronozona Younger Dryas, al fin del Pleistoceno (~12.800 años antes del presente) en la Patagonia norte de Chile. Análisis recientes de material procedente del sitio Pilauco permitieron registrar nuevos restos fósiles pertenecientes a O. pilauco, incluidos restos de clípeos con un cuerno central excepcional que asignamos a especímenes machos. Los nuevos descubrimientos nos permitieron revisar la descripción propuesta anteriormente por los descriptores y atribuir el sexo hembra al holotipo de O. pilauco. A la luz de los conocimientos actuales sobre el género, se discute la singularidad de este carácter fenotípico (i.e., cuerno del disco del clípeo) dentro de los Onthophagus americanos y la posible relación con grupos de la región asiática. A partir de esto, sugerimos que las novedades morfológicas observadas en O. pilauco, corresponden a rasgos únicos entre los Onthophagus americanos, que posiblemente se originaron a partir del aislamiento durante la última glaciación en la Patagonia norte de Chile.
Review of the genus Pacuvia Curtis, 1844 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Diplotaxini)
Authors: Smith Andrew B. T. , Cherman Mariana
Published: December 2021

Pacuvia Curtis, 1844 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Diplotaxini) is taxonomically reviewed. The genus includes two species that are endemic to Chile: Pacuvia castanea Curtis, 1844 and Pacuvia philippiana Gutiérrez, 1951. An identification key is presented for the two species along with detailed distributional data. The brachyptery (flightlessness) of female Pacuvia philippiana Gutiérrez, 1951 is reported for the first time. Lectotypes are designated for Pacuvia castanea Curtis, 1844 and Liogenys gayana Solier, 1851 (a synonym of P. castanea).
Experience in organizing disinfection measures in the context of the 2020 pandemic of coronavirus infection
Authors:   JSC SPO ", Kudryavtseva Elena Efimovna ,   Novodez", Mankovich Leonid Semenovich ,   JSC SPO "Novodez", Ostapenko Ekaterina Vladimirovna ,   JSC SPO "Novodez"
Published: December 2021

Ensuring biosafety in the territory of the country is one of the key functions (tasks) of the state. The pandemic of a new coronavirus infection has affected absolutely all areas of human activity in all countries of the world. Approaches to prevention have not changed, but the whole country has faced a number of challenges at various levels. With a sharply increased demand for non-specific prophylaxis (including skin antiseptics and disinfectants), not all manufacturers were ready to meet the demand with a quality product. The scarcity of resources (raw materials, components, cash shortages, personnel, etc.) constrained the rapid increase in production capacity to ensure a sharply increased demand. Keywords: pandemic COVID-19, disinfectants, skin antiseptics.
Disinfection in public venues and transport as a way to prevent the spread of COVID-19
Authors:   LLC ", Berezhnenko Leonid Vladimirovich ,   City Disinfection Station"
Published: December 2021

The article addresses to the epidemiological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. It covers detailed features and ways of coronavirus infection spreading in public venues, factors that affect the viability of the Coronaviridae family viruses, and the infection after-effects for people. Methodological and technical means of processing public transport and crowded places in the context of the spread of coronavirus infection (COVID-19) analysis has been carried out. The assessment of inactivating effectiveness of the basic chemical groups of disinfectants (oxygen-active; chloactive; cationic surfactants) is presented. The features of air masses and surfaces disinfection by the ultraviolet irradiation method are described. Special aspects and factors influencing the installations quality are considered, recommendations for the use of UV emitters of various types are given. The given study presents the general concept and current requirements for disinfection measures in public venues and transport in the context of coronavirus infection spreading. Keywords: COVID-19, coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, disinfection, novel coronavirus infection, sanitary epidemic control measures, transport, public venues.
Problems of disinfectological provision of the population in the pandemic period of COVID-19 infection in the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   Republican Psychiatric Hospital, Balti, Tsurkan Vasily Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2021

The principles of organizing and implementing anti-epidemic, including disinfectological measures for COVID-19 infection were studied, and the results of the state of readiness of interested services in the localization and elimination of focuses of coronavirus infection were presented. It was noted that the untimely solution of existing problems of a socio-economic nature contributed to the development of the pandemic process of COVID-19 infection. In the initial period of the development of the pandemic in most countries of the world, including Moldova, the system for monitoring and actively detecting cases of the population of COVID-19 did not work. Lack of disinfection services and insufficiently trained disinfectologists lead to untimely and poor-quality disinfection measures. The role of the disinfectological service in ensuring the epidemiological well-being of the population is argued. The necessity of creating a new, comprehensive system for protecting the country’s population from especially dangerous infectious diseases has been substantiated. Keywords: disinfection measures, biocides, treatment and prevention organizations, pandemic process, technologies, methods, forces and means, provision, infectious diseases, COVID-19 infection
Reform of control and supervisory activities. Changes in the regulatory framework for disinfection activities
Authors:   Moscow City Disinfection Center, Deminov Pavel Aleksandrovich , Mochalkin Pavel Alexandrovich ,   Republican Disinfection Center of Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Published: December 2021

The reform of control and supervisory activities intended to exclude old and irrelevant acts and outdated norms, fix accurate and understandable rules, as well as exclude unreasonable and redundant norms in various areas. It was called the “regulatory guillotine" and involves a complete revision of the mandatory requirements for business. Comparison the SanPiN 3.3686-21 “Sanitary and epidemiologic requirements for prevention of infectious diseases" with earlier existing health regulations in the field of disinfection, disinsection, deratization was made. Changes in the regulatory framework in the field of disinfection activities are a necessity and a fait accompli. SanPiNs contain requirements, and their compliance can be verified by the relevant supervisory authorities. Reducing the number of requirements corresponds to the goals set by the reform - this will reduce the administrative burden on business and supervisory authorities. Keywords: reform of control and supervision activities, regulatory guillotine, changes in legislation, disinfection activities, legal acts in the field of disinfectology.
Comparative analysis of 100% cotton Siro and single yarns
Authors: WAQAR RAJPUT ABDUL , ALI AMER , ZAHID BILAL , JAMSHAID HAFSA , MEMON SANAM , WALEED MUHAMMAD
Published: December 2021

The aim of this work is to carry out the comparative study to analyse the properties of Siro and single yarn with different
linear densities. For this purpose Siro yarn and single yarn with the same linear densities were produced from cotton.
Tensile strength and related properties such as evenness, imperfections and hairiness have very important role in
weaving. In this comparative study Siro and single yarn with linear densities of 10 Nec, 14 Nec and 18 Nec were
manufactured, tested and analysed. Two rovings were used for Siro and one roving was used for single yarn.
Comparative study revealed that Siro yarn exhibit better tensile strength and related properties
The discourse of Kurdish traditional textiles
Authors: ABDULKAREEM SHERWANI KAWA
Published: December 2021

Verbal communication is not the only way by which people can interact; people communicate with each other through
different signs, colours, cultural symbols and costumes. One of the ways that people can communicate through is
clothes or textiles. The language of textiles and its covert discourse have not been studied profoundly. Each bit of textile
has its specific meaning. Through the discourse of their clothes, people try to show their nationality, age, gender, social
status, geographical belonging etc. Kurdish traditional clothes are believed to be culturally rich, since they are dressed
by a large number of people in the past and present. This study is an attempt to examine the relationship between
discourse and clothes. It tries to study the hidden discourse of Kurdish traditional textiles. The study seeks to answer
several questions, including: What do the clothes say about the people who wear them? How different types of clothes
show different forms of people’s identity? How do clothes reveal the people’s nationality, age, gender, geographical
territory and social class? The principles of discourse analysis, more specifically Foucault’s approach of material
discourses, are used to investigate the collected data. The study uses a mixed approach of quantitative and qualitative
methods. The data are collected in three ways: by analysing the photo albums, a survey and a site visit to Kurdish Textile
Museum in Erbil. The study concludes that the pieces of textiles can be seen as linguistic elements in communications
and Kurdish traditional clothes embraces specific cultural codes and symbols that can be used to reveal the discourses
they embrace.
Accidentally ingested textile foreign bodies, a cause of gastrointestinal
obstruction in dogs and cats – a retrospective study
Authors: TUDOR NICULAE , VIȚĂLARU BOGDAN ALEXANDRU , LUPU VLAD TRAIAN , CODREANU MARIO DARIUS , MIHAI CARMEN
Published: December 2021

Gastrointestinal obstruction is a life-threatening condition that is usually caused by accidental ingestion of inedible
objects, through play or food indiscretions. Ingested foreign objects generate the mechanical obstruction of the
gastrointestinal segment, characterized by a relatively typical set of symptoms, depending on the location. The aim of
this study was the clinical and imaging description of some cases of gastrointestinal obstruction in dogs and cats, caused
by swallowing textile foreign bodies. The study included 12 dogs and 8 cats of different breeds and ages, belonging to
both sexes, which showed clinical signs suggestive from a clinical-anamnestic point of view for gastrointestinal
obstruction. These patients had symptoms with acute or chronic progressive evolution of the gastrointestinal tract,
including restlessness, deviation, vomiting (single or repeated episodes), abdominal tenderness, constipation and
tenesmus. The diagnosis was confirmed by radiographic examination, simple and with contrast medium, and ultrasound,
completed in some situations with laparotomy. Ingested textile foreign bodies were represented by socks/stockings
(5 dogs and 3 cats), underwear (3 dogs), rope (1 dog and 3 cats), carpet fragments (2 dog and 1 cat), toy fragments
(1 dog and 1 cat), and they were located in the stomach (7/12; 58.33%, respectively 4/8; 50%), in the gastro-duodenal
segment (2/12; 16.67%, respectively 3/8; 37.5%), in the jejunum (3/12; 25%, respectively 1/8; 12.5%) and in the colon
(1/12; 8.33%, respectively 1/8; 12.5%). Gastrointestinal obstruction in pets, caused by accidental ingestion of textile
foreign bodies, is a medical emergency and imaging examinations are the main diagnostic tool in the establishment of
a subsequent therapy with maximum efficiency.
Investigating financial opportunities for traditional clothing industry
in South Asia based on an analysis of internationally diversified portfolio
using ARCH and GARCH models
Authors: ALI ZULFIQAR IMRAN , SPULBAR CRISTI , EJAZ ABDULLAH , BIRAU RAMONA , ANGHEL LUCIAN CLAUDIU , CRIVEANU RADU CĂTĂLIN
Published: December 2021

This paper investigates the benefits of forming an internationally diversified portfolio in the stock markets of Bangladesh,
India and Pakistan using the stock market indices data from April 2013 to March 2020. The portfolio comprises of three
stock market indices from Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. The goal is to identify financial opportunities for traditional
clothing industry in South Asia. Bangladesh, India and Pakistan are neighbouring countries in South Asia. Tradition,
culture and specific ethnic elements influence traditional clothing in the case of the selected country cluster consisting
of Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. Our empirical results indicate that internationally diversified portfolio does not reduce
the risk due to global market integration in the background. Furthermore, ARCH and GARCH models reveal that large
change in conditional variance is followed by large changes in conditional variance whereas small change in conditional
variance is followed by small changes in conditional variance.
Entrelazamiento y correlaciones en sistemas fermiónicos
Authors:   , Di Tullio Marco
Published: December 2021

La extensión del concepto de entrelazamiento a sistemas de componentes indistinguibles, y en particular a sistemas fermiónicos es un problema fundamental que ha recientemente suscitado gran interés. En este trabajo se desarrolla y examina en profundidad esta extensión, considerando además su rol en información cuántica y en la caracterización de correlaciones en sistemas fuertemente interactuantes. En primer lugar se considera el denominado entrelazamiento de un cuerpo, que es una medida de correlaciones fermiónicas basada en la matriz densidad de un cuerpo (SPDM) y que cuantifica la desviación de un estado puro fermiónico de un determinante de Slater. Se analiza su comportamiento en el estado fundamental de un sistema superconductor y de otros sistemas fuertemente interactuantes, mostrándose su correlación con el parámetro de orden correspondiente y saturación en el régimen de acoplamiento fuerte. Se examina también el entrelazamiento de estados reducidos del sistema por medio de la concurrencia fermiónica, mostrando que caracteriza la transición de fase. En segundo lugar se analizan aspectos formales del entrelazamiento de un cuerpo. Se demuestra que el mismo puede ser considerado formalmente como un recurso cuántico. La teoría de recursos asociada tiene al conjunto de determinantes de Slater como estados libres, y un conjunto de operaciones, que incluyen transformaciones unitarias de un cuerpo y medidas de ocupación de un modo, como operaciones libres. Se introduce también una formulación general bipartita del entrelazamiento de un cuerpo, basada en una descomposición tipo Schmidt 1 −(N −1) de un estado puro de N fermiones, en la que la SPDM emerge naturalmente. Finalmente se generaliza esta formulación bipartita, separando los estados de M < N y (N − M) fermiones. Esta descomposición se encuentra directamente vinculada con las matrices densidad de M y (N−M) cuerpos, que son isoespectrales. De aquí emerge naturalmente el concepto de entrelazamiento de M cuerpos, que generaliza el entrelazamiento de un cuerpo y provee una caracterización general de las correlaciones. Se demuestran también propiedades operacionales del mismo. Se presentan asimismo evaluaciones analíticas de los espectros de las matrices de M cuerpos en sistemas fuertemente correlacionados.
BOARD COMPOSITION AND CORPORATE CONTRIBUTIONS RELATED TO CORONAVIRUS 2019 DISEASE: A REVIEW
Authors: Md Hashim Mohd Farid Asraf
Published: December 2021

The spread of COVID-19 has led to unexpected impacts on the country. Not only health, but the pandemic also affects the social, educational, and economic aspects which need some attention by the government as well as corporate citizens. As a group of individuals who govern the direction of a company, the board of directors plays an important role in shaping the company's philanthropic policy, especially in the challenging COVID-19 pandemic environment. Through the review of relevant literature, particularly to corporate governance and corporate philanthropy, this article discusses how the diversity of board members can influence decisions on the determination of COVID-19 related corporate contributions. Determining the type and amount of contributions to relevant recipients is crucial, particularly for groups of stakeholders who are really in need. Thus, relevant and diverse backgrounds of board members are able to bring wider perspectives and points of view as well as the understanding of the problems and needs of different stakeholders. Diversity in terms of education, experience, gender, and community influence is believed to bring different contributions in tackling problems posed by COVID-19. The discussion in this article contributes to the enrichment of the corporate philanthropy literature. It also gives the industry a perspective on the composition of the company's board of directors.
THE ASSESSMENT OF INSTAGRAM EFFECTIVENESS AS MARKETING TOOLS ON INDONESIA FASHION LOCAL BRAND
Authors: Putri Ivani Nafisa
Published: December 2021

Fashion local brands are brands of fashion clothing local to a particular country, manufactured and produced locally, including the ones in Indonesia. Fashion is always developing and creating the latest trend in which is a big potential for local fashion brands to take this opportunity because consumers are becoming more selective when it comes to selecting superior, long-lasting, and practical products. In Indonesia, the Fashion Industry is one of the subs that contribute to the creative industry, accounted for 28.29% of the whole creative industry, and ranked 9th in the Global Revenue Ranking. In addition, the current pandemic condition has pushed many brands to close retail stores and switched to almost entirely digital operations. Among many social media platforms used by brands, Instagram has been identified as the most efficient tool for reaching out to customers and marketing a business. However, the way local fashion brands use Instagram as a marketing tool has not always been effective. This research aims to assess the effectiveness factors of Instagram in local fashion brands that have a high engagement in purpose to make them as the benchmarks about the content strategy in building high online engagement that makes Instagram as a marketing tool effective. The data was collected through Instagram analytics software, HypeAuditor, and Analisa.io towards a total of 50 Instagram account fashion local brands with a high number of engagements according to HypeAuditor Instagram Engagement Rate Calculator. The data analysis is processed using Microsoft Excel and Smart PLS. The result shows that all independent variables have a positive relationship to online engagement and the effective factors for local fashion brand Instagram accounts are Entertainment, Tag, Weekdays, and Peak hours factors. The brand could utilize posting feeds containing entertainment and information content while also posting it during peak hours and weekdays.
PROPOSED BUSINESS STRATEGY FOR SMALL ARCHITECTURE FIRM IN TANGERANG: CASE STUDY TOP HOUSE
Authors: Ariyanti Kartika Devi , Inggriantara Alibasjah
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Top House is a small architecture firm located in South Tangerang that focuses on design consultants for low and medium-rise buildings. The preliminary study has been conducted by interviewing the firm’s owner who also acts as the principal architect, to identify company problems. The results showed that the company revenue and net profit decreased significantly by about 20% from 2017 to 2019 and 75% from 2016 to 2019. Moreover, the consultancy service orders became small and decreased from 2015-2019. The decreased revenue and net profit were caused by a poor company and incomprehensive management system. To solve the problem using the external and internal environmental analysis. The external environmental analysis used the PESTEL, Porter Five’s Forces, and competitor analysis. Meanwhile, the internal environmental analysis used the VRIO framework, value chain analysis, and existing Business Model Canvas (BMC). Afterward, the data were summarized in the SWOT table for strategy formulation. It consisted of IE matrix and TOWS matrix as company level strategy and functional level strategy, then the new proposed Business Model Canvas (BMC). Based on the analysis of IE Matrix, the current company classification position is in cluster five. This indicates that the company should implement a hold and maintain business strategy with two options, namely market penetration and product development. Furthermore, pros and cons analysis is used to obtain the best strategy from these options. The company should implement a product development strategy by improving the existing product quality, namely green architectural requirements in the design concept and utilizing BIM technology. The TOWS matrix resulted in 11 functional strategies applied in the marketing, human resources, operations, and financial field.
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY CHINESE TEACHERS IN TEACHING THE MALAY LANGUAGE AT SEKOLAH JENIS KEBANGSAAN CINA
Authors: Othman Mohd Saiful , Nor Shaid Nor Azwahanum
Published: December 2021

This concept paper discusses the issues and challenges faced by Chinese teachers in teaching the Malay language at Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Cina (SJKC). In accordance with the functionality of the Malay language as the national language, the Malay language should not only be mastered by the Malays but for all races in Malaysia. Good command of the Malay language can foster the self-esteem of every citizen in this country. The Malay language is also a compulsory subject that should be studied by every student, including students at SJKC. Teaching the Malay Language by Chinese teachers in SJKC is not an easy job because Chinese students are not native speakers of the Malay language. It is much different from their native language, the Malay language is only used by Chinese students during lessons and they seldom use it in their daily life. Chinese students are lack interest in learning the Malay language because it seems that learning the Malay language is very difficult for them. Therefore, the Chinese students’ achievement in the Malay language is still not satisfactory. Thus, the main focus of this concept paper is to analyse the issues and challenges faced by Chinese teachers in teaching the Malay language. These challenges make it difficult for teachers in ensuring satisfactory achievement among pupils. Various methods should be taken to improve the quality of teaching the Malays language in SJKC and thus to produce Chinese students who are fluent in speaking the Malay language. Therefore, the Chinese teachers who teach the Malay language in SJKC have to bear this responsibility by taking various initiatives to enhance the achievement of Chinese students in Malay language learning. Through this concept paper, it is hoped to reveal the issue of teaching the Malay language by Chinese teachers in SJKC to various parties.
THE SOCIAL REALITY OF THE WOMAN CHARACTER IN THE SHORT STORY “KA-MANAKAH TERBANGNYA SI BURONG SENJA” FROM THE LENS OF TAKLIF
Authors: Mohamed Ros Anita Karini , Ali Abdul Halim
Published: December 2021

This paper will highlight the creative work ‘Ka-mana Terbangnya Si Burong Senja’ by A. Samad Said which features the issue of moral collapse. The short story of the study is seen as a human rights discourse that can provide awareness to society regarding human rights in the formation of social and cultural dynamics through the display of character and characterization of a fully significant immoral society. The work of A. Samad Said needs to be appreciated in terms of its inner meaning. The Taklif framework will be used to discuss the findings of the study because, in the Islamic view, in principle, the universe belongs to the One True God. By using a text analysis approach, the study will turn inward and bring the reader to be more open-minded in reading the author's message from the lens of Islam, which is back to the creator in the process of personality formation.