bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microorganismos asociados a la prevalencia de mastitis subclínica en cabras lecheras en Boyacá, Colombia
Authors: Vargas-Abella Julio César , Andrade-Becerra Roy José , Tarazona-Manrique Luis Edgar
Published: November 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los microorganismos asociados a la prevalencia de mastitis subclínica en cabras lecheras de Boyacá. Se realizó un estudio transversal con muestreo por conveniencia y se incluyeron 256 individuos. Las muestras de leche se tomaron en forma aséptica, directamente de la glándula mamaria y se transportaron al laboratorio a una temperatura de 4 °C. En el laboratorio, las muestras fueron sometidas al California Mastitis Test (CMT), y solo aquellas con un valor de CMT 2 y 3 fueron seleccionadas para cultivo microbiano en agares y posteriormente identificadas con pruebas bioquímicas. La prevalencia general de mastitis subclínica fue del 26.56%, lo que corresponde a 136 mitades mamarias. De esta prevalencia, el 73% de las muestras presentaron crecimiento microbiano asociado a la enfermedad. Los principales agentes microbianos asociados a la mastitis subclínica fueron los estafilococos coagulasa negativos y estafilococos coagulasa positivos con 24 y 26%, respectivamente. Asimismo, otro hallazgo importante fue la presencia de bacterias gramnegativas como E. coli y algunos hongos en 4 y 2%, respectivamente.
Does loss of CD44, low E-Cadherin and high Ki-67 expression in equine malignant melanoma have a relationship with biological behavior?
Authors: Chaves Jorge Alice , De Araújo Viana Daniel , Regina Zapaterini Joyce , Montoya-Flórez Luis Mauricio , Sousa Rocha Noeme
Published: November 2024

Los melanomas en equinos afectan todas las razas y aunque el 90% de estos tumores en esta especie son benignos, 66% de ellos progresan a formas malignas y pueden hacer metástasis, lo que se traduce en pérdidas económicas para propietarios. Por esta razón, es esencial la investigación de factores pronósticos y establecer su relación con criterios histopatológicos. El objetivo del trabajo fue identificar la expresión de CD44, E.cadherina y Ki67 y relacionarlos con hallazgos citológicos e histopatológicos en melanomas equinos con el fin de identificar una posible relación entre la expresión anatomo-clínica y el comportamiento biológico. Del archivo del laboratorio de patología de la Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Brasil, fueron seleccionados 15 casos de melanoma equino, confirmados por citología, histopatología (biopsia); las muestras fueron analizadas conforme criterios de atipia citológica, seguido de los criterios micrométricos de “Breslow”, subsecuentemente las muestras fueron sometidas a la técnica de inmunohistoquímica (IHQ) para S-100, CD44, Ki67 y E-cadherina (ECAD). Para el análisis de datos se utilizó estadística descriptiva y pruebas no paramétricas con un nivel de significancia de p<0.05. En citología, todas las muestras mostraron un alto grado de criterio de malignidad y todos los tumores analizados fueron infiltrativos (N3/TIII). La expresión de CD44 fue negativa en todas las muestras y la positividad para S-100, Ki67 y ECAD fue 52.5, 50.4%, y 10%, respectivamente. Se concluye que el uso de CD44, Ki67 y ECAD junto con el análisis citológico e histopatológico incluyendo los criterios de “Breslow” puede ayudar a identificar melanomas equinos con alto grado de agresividad además de establecer un mejor pronóstico en este tipo de tumores.
Efecto del sexo y variación individual sobre respuestas de comportamiento y desempeño de bovinos Simbrah
Authors: Grajales-Cedeño Joseph , Vargas Reynaldo , Ríos-Moreno Alex , Androli Mayara , Cedeño Héctor , Saavedra Roberto
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sex and individual variation on the behavioural responses and performance of Simbrah bovines subjected to a habituation process to human interaction and exposure training. Nineteen animals were used (8 females and 11 males). Reactivity was assessed through points in the restraint cage (1-5), a score for cage exit speed (1-2), and body weight in five assessments over 86 days. Linear mixed models and the effect of individual variations were adopted through a linear regression for each animal, using the b coefficients to classify the animals as habituated, neutral and sensitized. The sex of the animal did not affect the reactivity in the restraint cage, or the cage exit speed (p>0.05); however, reactivity decreased from day 16 (p<0.05) in relation to day 0 in both reactivity scores. There were individual differences in reactivity in the restraint cage and in body weight. On this, 74% of the animals became accustomed to the handling procedure, 21% showed neutral responses in the restraint challenge and 5% were sensitized. In turn, all animals gained weight at different levels, with positive, significant b coefficients (p<0.05) and R2 >0.70. In conclusion, the process of habituation to human interaction and exposure training consistently reduced the reactivity of the animals, without altering their productive performance; however, individual differences must be considered during handling procedures.
Determinación de Dictyocaulus arnfieldi en équidos en un municipio de Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Pineda Roldán Manuela , Ochoa Calle Daniela , Loaiza Echeverri Erica Tatiana , Eraso-Cadena Marcela Patricia
Published: November 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de Dictyocaulus arnfieldi en équidos (asnales, mulares y caballares) del municipio de Titiribí (Antioquia). Se tomaron muestras fecales (20-40 g) entre diciembre de 2021 a marzo de 2022 a 292 équidos de 27 predios ubicados en 13 veredas y seis barrios. Las muestras fueron analizadas por la técnica de Baermann con el fin de detectar la presencia de larvas de D. arnfieldi y por la técnica de McMaster para otros tipos de parásitos intestinales. La frecuencia de larvas de D. arnfieldi fue 0.34% (1/292); además de otros parásitos como huevos de Strongylidos 13.4% (39/292), larvas de Cyathostomideos 12.0% (35/292), larvas de Strongylus spp 6.8% (20/292), ooquistes de coccidia y huevos de cestodos 0.34% c/u, y huevos de Fasciola hepatica y Parascaris equorum 2.1% c/u.
El agregado racial equino en Colombia: ¿Sería el caballo Criollo Llanero Araucano el que indica mejor los ancestros?
Authors: Salamanca-Carreño Arcesio , Parés-Casanova Pere M. , Bonilla Alexander , Martínez Correal Germán , Vélez-Terranova Mauricio
Published: November 2024

For three native Colombian horse breeds (Criollo Llanero Araucano, Criollo Colombiano and Paso Fino) and the Pure Spanish Breed (PRE), a total of 12 morphometric variables (weight, height at the withers, longitudinal diameter, thoracic perimeter, dorsal-sternal diameter, bicostal diameter, perimeter of the anterior cannon, height at the rump, length of the rump, width of the rump, length of the head and width of the head) were obtained for each sex from existing bibliography or from our own information. From these data, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed from the correlation matrix and then a dendrogram from the Gower distance matrix. From the results obtained in the PCA, it is concluded that PRE tends to differentiate itself from the rest by its larger size, while the Criollo Llanero Araucano differs from all of them, especially by its cephalic conformation. The dendrogram shows an isolated cluster for the PRE. The second cluster was made up of the three Colombian breeds, with the Criollo Llanero Araucano appearing as the most distant. Based on the results, it can be deduced that the horses that initially arrived in Latin America were not of big size, and that the most original characteristics (especially of the head) have been preserved in the horses from the Araucanian plains.
Características ultrasonográficas abdominales del Sapajus macrocephalus (mono machín de cabeza grande)
Authors: Cano V. Vilma , Grandez R. Ricardo , Muñoz D. Karina , Merino O. Veronika
Published: November 2024

Sapajus macrocephalus (machín de cabeza grande) es un primate neotropical que habita en la amazonia sudamericana. Se considera como una especie de preocupación menor, aunque su población está decayendo. Se evaluaron las imágenes ultrasonográficas de S. macrocephalus para describir la ubicación anatómica, morfología, dimensiones y las características ultrasonográficas de los órganos abdominales y perineales. Se muestrearon 31 ejemplares, 18 hembras y 13 machos castrados del Zoológico del Parque Las Leyendas y 3 ejemplares machos enteros del Zoológico El Buen Pastor (Lima, Perú). Se concluye que las características ultrasonográficas, dimensiones y ubicación anatómica de los órganos abdominales de S. macrocephalus son semejantes a los referidos C. apella, C. albifrons; y parecidas a los animales de compañía y humanos. Esta información será de gran utilidad en la identificación de alteraciones ultrasonográficas abdominales en S. macrocephalus; lo que permitirá un mejor diagnóstico de las patologías abdominales y toma de medidas adecuadas para la mantención y la conservación de esta especie.
Antibiotic resistance profile of Coagulase-negative staphylococci species isolated from subclinical mastitis in Colombian dairy herds
Authors: Tarazona-Manrique Luis Edgar , Vargas-Abella Julio César , Andrade-Becerra Roy José
Published: November 2024

Boyacá is Colombia's fifth-largest milk-producing department. Previous studies have shown the importance of Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS) species as causes of subclinical mastitis in dairy herds. This work aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance profile in CNS obtained from subclinical mastitis, and the presence of the mecA gene. CNS DNA was taken from a previous study of the research group, and specific primers were used for the detection of the mecA gene in isolates that showed antibacterial resistance to at least one of the following antibiotics: ampicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin, oxacillin, penicillin, and enrofloxacin. The results show different patterns of antibiotic resistance in the CNS isolates despite being obtained from the same herd. In addition, S. chromogenes and S. epidermidis were the most prevalent pathogens, and with the highest presence of the mecA gene (33.4 and 37.5% respectively). The results are like those found in other countries and worldwide studies, however, the presence of the mecA gene was not associated in some species such as S. capitis, S. sciuri, and S. haemolyticus with phenotypic resistance to oxacillin or penicillin, therefore, more research is required on other genes possibly associated with this.
Lesión bilateral de ligamento cruzado craneal y neuropatía periférica en un canino Golden Retriever con hipotiroidismo: Reporte de caso
Authors: Moreno Giovanni , Rodríguez Fabian , Blanco Stefania , Montoya Jorge , Laverde Néstor
Published: November 2024

The case of a 6 -year -old female Golden Retriever is presented. She was limping in the left posterior limb. A 4/4 grade lameness, pain by palpating the knee, and a negative drawer test, but positive tibial compression was identified. No proprioceptive deficit or signs compatible with lesions joints in X-rays images were found. There was no response to treatment with Meloxicam and Tramadol and because a suspicion of partial rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament, the transposition of tibial tuberosity (TTT) procedure was chosen. The patient returned with lameness in the right hind limb right nine months later and after ruling out other causes of limp, the TTT was successfully performed in the affected limb. However, 18 months later he developed signs of peripheral neuropathy. Metabolic, infectious and hormonal profile analyses revealed increased serum alkaline phosphatase, decreased thyroxine (free T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values within normal ranges according to the reference laboratory. Based on the patient's history and laboratory findings, the diagnosis was hypothyroidism, and the decision was made to supplement the patient with sodium levothyroxine. Remission of the nervous symptoms was observed 45 days after treatment.
Estudio retrospectivo de cardiopatías diagnosticadas mediante reportes ecocardiográficos en caninos en 2013-2020
Authors: Dávila F. Roberto , Esquén V. Melanie
Published: November 2024

El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar las frecuencias de cardiopatías en los reportes ecocardiográficos de los pacientes caninos que acudieron al área de Cardiología de la Clínica de Animales Menores de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos en el periodo 2013-2020. La frecuencia de canes con al menos una enfermedad cardíaca fue de 75.9% (1062/1400), siendo la enfermedad valvular degenerativa la cardiopatía más frecuente (93.1%). Los machos presentaron 1.66 más probabilidades de padecer alguna enfermedad cardíaca que las hembras, en tanto que canes con mayor edad evidenciaron mayor riesgo de ser pacientes cardiópatas. Asimismo, los caninos mestizos presentaron la mayor predisposición a sufrir de cardiopatías (33.1%).
Efecto del ensilaje de desechos de tilapia roja (Oreochromis sp) sobre el rendimiento productivo de conejos (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Velásquez Vélez Raúl Adolfo , Caicedo Cadavid Santiago
Published: November 2024

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la inclusión del ensilaje de desechos de tilapia roja (Oryctolagus cuniculus) en la dieta de conejos sobre los parámetros productivos y rendimiento económico. El estudio se realizó en Marinilla, Antioquia (Colombia), con 24 conejos machos de 2131 ± 156 g de peso inicial, distribuidos en 3 tratamientos (8 por tratamiento) de tres niveles de inclusión de ensilaje de desechos de pescado; así: T1 (control)= 0%, T2= 15% y T3= 25%, bajo un diseño completamente al azar. A cada animal se le suministró una dieta que consistía en 55 g de alimento balanceado (incluyendo el ensilado) y 120 g de forraje diario durante 42 días. Se registró el peso final, ganancia de peso total, ganancia diaria de peso, peso de la piel y la cabeza, peso de las vísceras rojas, peso de la canal caliente, rendimiento de la canal caliente, peso de la canal fría, rendimiento de la canal fría y conversión alimenticia. No se encontró diferencia estadística entre tratamientos para las variables evaluadas, lo que permitió concluir que la sustitución de alimento concentrado por ensilaje de desechos de pescado hasta en un 25% no afecta los parámetros productivos de conejos; por el contrario, representa una alternativa económica y de fácil elaboración que garantiza ganancias de peso adecuadas y rendimientos en canal idóneos.
Factores asociados a la ideación suicida de estudiantes de medicina veterinaria y zootecnia
Authors: Yabar M. Percy , Quispe M. Yony , Chui B. Heber
Published: November 2024

El estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los factores asociados a la ideación suicida en estudiantes de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno, Perú. La investigación tuvo un corte descriptivo, explicativo y transversal, realizado con 406 estudiantes de pregrado, 51.7% (n = 210) varones y 48.3 % mujeres (n = 196), con edad promedio de 20.9 ± 3.3 años. El consumo de alcohol fue evaluado con la escala de CAGE (α = 0.845); los síntomas depresivos con la escala CES-D (α = 0.910); la ideación suicida con la escala de Beck (α = 0.923); y la autoestima con el test de Rosenberg (α = 0.923). El modelo predictivo muestra que la autoestima (β = 0.325; p<0.001), consumo de antidepresivos (β = 0.228; p<0.001), la depresión (β = 0.215; p<0.001) y desaprobación de asignaturas (β = 0.246; p<0.05) predijeron la ideación suicida (R2 = 0.342). La autoestima fue el factor que más influyó en la ideación suicida de los estudiantes.
Predictores de la ecología parasitaria de Centrocestus formosanus (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) en Melanoides tuberculata (Caenogastropoda: Thiaridae) en un humedal costero, Lima, Perú
Authors: Minaya David , Castañeda-Pérez Luz , Rodriguez-Santiago Amparo , Alvariño Lorena , Torres-Zevallos Uriel , Cárdenas-Callirgos Jorge , Argota-Pérez George , Iannacone José , Wetzel Eric
Published: November 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar los predictores de la ecología parasitaria de Centrocestus formosanus (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) en Melanoides tuberculata (Caenogastropoda: Thiaridae) en el humedal costero Los Pantanos de Villa (HCLPV), Lima, Perú. Se evaluaron 2532 especímenes de M. tuberculata en tres lagunas: “Las Delicias”, “Mayor”, y “Marvilla”, con diferentes niveles de perturbación consignadas como de “alta”, “media”, y “baja”, respectivamente, durante 2009 al 2011. El mayor tamaño de la longitud total (LT) de M. tuberculata se presentó en Marvilla. La prevalencia de C. formosanus fue en esporoquiste-redia (18.25%) y en la cercaria (24.64%). El orden decreciente de prevalencia para esporoquiste-redia y la cercaria para las lagunas fue Mayor > Marvilla > Las Delicias. El esporoquiste-redia presentó el mayor valor en verano y la cercaria lo registró en la primavera. La regresión logística mostró que la LT del caracol y la profundidad de la laguna fueron predictores significativos para la prevalencia de esporoquiste-redia y cercaria de C. formosanus. La temperatura superficial del agua de cada laguna solo fue predictor significativo para el esporoquiste-redia. Los gráficos de densidad condicional basados en el teorema de Bayes mostraron asociaciones significativas para la todas de las variables, a excepción de la cercaria con la temperatura para la laguna Las Delicias, la cercaria con la LT para laguna Mayor, esporoquiste-redia con la profundidad de la laguna Las Delicias, y esporoquiste-redia con la LT para Lagunas Mayor y Marvilla. Se concluye que la LT del caracol, la profundidad y la temperatura del agua superficial de las lagunas fueron predictores significativos para la ecología parasitaria del esporoquiste-redia y de la cercaria de C. formosanus en M. tuberculata en el HCLPV, Lima, Perú.
Evaluación agronómica de Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray basado en criterio de corte con tiempo térmico
Authors: Angulo-Arizala Joaquín , Mahecha-Ledesma Liliana , Barragán-Hernández Wilson , Casas-Toro Nancy
Published: November 2024

Se evaluó el desempeño agronómico en producción y calidad de forraje de Tithonia diversifolia basado en criterio de corte con tiempo térmico. Se emplearon setos forrajeros de la arbustiva con parcelas de monitoreo y se asignaron tratamientos corte a 75 d calendario y corte con 300, 340 y 380 °C/d, bajo un diseño de bloques completos al azar. Los tratamientos de aprovechamiento con base en tiempo térmico registraron mayor (p<0.05) producción de masa forrajera al igual que mayor rendimiento en oferta de materia orgánica y fibra detergente neutra (p<0.05), especialmente en cosechas con 300 y 340 °C/d. Los resultados indican que el aprovechamiento climáticamente inteligente permite un mejor desarrollo de la planta y aprovechamiento óptimo del material forrajero con fines de alimentación animal.
Brucelosis y neosporosis bovina en rodeos de cría de la República Argentina. Actualización de aspectos epidemiológicos y económicos
Authors: Natalia Aznar María , Villegas Peña Alan
Published: November 2024

La presencia de enfermedades abortivas atenta contra productividad de los rodeos de cría, especialmente en un país ganadeo como Argentina. La brucelosis y neosporosis bovina son parecidas en cuanto a la forma en que se difunden y a la inducción de abortos. La primera es una enfermedad bacteriana zoonótica que se encuentra bajo Plan Nacional de Control, mientras que la segunda es una enfermedad parasitaria que no lo tiene. El actual Plan Nacional de Control contra brucelosis tiene como principales estrategias la vacunación obligatoria de terneras de 3 a 8 meses de edad, el control de movimientos y la detección y saneamiento de predios positivos. Se resalta la “Determinación Obligatoria de Estatus Sanitario-DOES” como herramienta que busca conocer la condición sanitaria de los rodeos. La prevalencia a nivel animal es del 0.51%, mientras que a nivel establecimiento se ha mantenido por encima del 12% desde el primer muestro nacional. La identificación y saneamiento más estricto de rodeos positivos, la intensificación de medidas de control de movimiento de ganado y la aprobación estratégica de vacunas que no interfieran con el diagnóstico podrían ayudar a controlar la enfermedad. Las pérdidas económicas encontradas no revelan su verdadera implicancia en los rodeos de cría, ya sea por sus limitaciones en la aplicación de las metodologías económicas o por no encontrarse diferenciados de los rodeos lecheros. Con respecto a la neosporosis, las estimaciones de prevalencia son inexistentes y escasas a nivel nacional y de las provincias extra pampeanas, mientras que para la Región Pampeana se encontraba por encima del 17%. La ausencia de un plan nacional, así como falta de tratamientos y vacunas efectivas, sugieren que su control depende exclusivamente de las medidas de manejo aplicadas por los productores. La sobrestimación de las pérdidas productivas y económicas encontradas no permite revelar el verdadero impacto económico de la neosporosis.
Caracterización de serovares no tifoideos de Salmonella enterica de origen humano y aviar mediante Electroforesis en Gel de Campo Pulsado (PFGE) de Lima, Perú
Authors: Sedano Sánchez Andrés F. , Fernández-Castro Paul , Gavilán Chávez Ronnie G. , Calle Espinoza Sonia Y. , Siuce Juan
Published: November 2024

En el Perú se vienen reportando serovares de Salmonella no tifoidea (SNT) en casos humanos que estarían relacionados a los hallados en huevos comerciales, carcasas de broilers y subproductos. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar mediante el porcentaje de similaridad de los perfiles genéticos de los serovares de SNT aislados de humanos y productos aviares mediante la Electroforesis en Gel de Campo Pulsado (PFGE). Se obtuvieron 49 aislados bacterianos de serovares de SNT de casos clínicos humanos y productos aviares (huevos, carcasa de broilers, vísceras, cama de ave), que se analizaron mediante PFGE. Con el programa bioinformático Bionumerics v. 7.0 se generó un dendrograma que muestra la relación XbaI – perfiles PFGE. El análisis de las bandas generadas se realizó mediante el uso del Método de grupo de pares no ponderados con media aritmética (UPGM) para evaluar la diversidad genética de los aislados. Se estableció como valor de corte 90% de similaridad entre los pulsotipos para establecer posibles relaciones. Se encontró que algunos aislados de origen humano y aviar de Salmonella Typhimurium, Kentucky e Infantis poseen pulsotipos idénticos lo que indica que los aislados corresponden a un mismo clon circulando entre humanos y productos aviares.
Seroprevalencia de Toxoplasma gondii en ovinos de la región Áncash, Perú
Authors: García P. Mario , Soto B. Mario , Pinedo V. Rosa , Abad-A. Deisy , Chávez V. Amanda
Published: November 2024

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar la seroprevalencia de Toxoplasma gondii en ovinos de la región Áncash, Perú. Se evaluaron 199 muestras de sueros con un kit comercial de ELISA indirecto. La seroprevalencia real de anticuerpos contra T. gondii fue de 55.47% (IC 95%: 55.14 - 55.80). La provincia de Yungay presentó la mayor frecuencia con 82.01% (IC 95%: 80.78 - 83.24), así como los animales que habitaban a ≤2500 msnm con un valor real de 76.11% (IC 95%: 74.83 - 77.39). Se determinó asociación significativa con la variable altitud (OR = 2.96, p=0.016), donde ovinos que habitan en altitudes ≤2500 msnm tienen un mayor riesgo de contraer toxoplasmosis en comparación con los que viven en alturas >2500 msnm. No se encontró asociación significativa con las variables edad y sexo (p>0.05).
Epidemiological profile of oral and maxillofacial prosthesis rehabilitated patients in the Brazilian National Cancer Institute: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alves Lísia Daltro Borges , Menezes Ana Carolina dos Santos , Lage Luciana Ferreira Stahel , Antunes Héliton Spíndola
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Maxillofacial prostheses represent a rehabilitative option for patients who underwent head and neck tumor resection. Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of maxillofacial prostheses rehabilitated patients in an oncology reference center, from 2015 to 2020. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive, observational study, based on secondary data. The maxillofacial prostheses were identified through the prosthesis laboratory records. The socio-demographic, clinical, and maxillofacial prosthesis data were collected from medical records and were descriptively analyzed according to the prosthesis types. Results: A total of 202 patients and 282 maxillofacial prostheses were identified. Obturator prostheses (37%) were the most frequent, and 2019 was the year with the largest production (54%). Males (55%), with 45 years, and incomplete primary education (32%) prevailed. Most tumors were carcinomas (43%), in the palate (40%), with 15.5 months of evolution, at stage III (25%) Surgery and surgery associated with radiotherapy were the most commonly used therapeutic modalities (40% each). At the last visit, most patients had complete remission of the disease (67%). Maxillofacial prostheses were mostly in acrylic resin (92%), with 9.5 months of use, and hygiene was considered satisfactory (87%). Most patients reported good adaptation (82%), satisfaction (76%), satisfactory hygiene (87%), and no adverse events (83%) or difficulties (69%) associated with its use. Conclusion: These data highlight the importance of oral and maxillofacial prostheses as an effective and accessible tool in the rehabilitation process and reinforce the need for a multidisciplinary team to work in oncology, with the dentist as an essential player in this context.
Inequities in Inpatient Pediatric Patient Safety Events by Category
Authors: Pantell Matthew S. , Karvonen Kayla L. , Porter Paige , Stotts James , Neuhaus John , Bekmezian Arpi
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVES

Few studies have analyzed potential inequities in both pediatric patient safety events (PSEs) and adverse events (AEs) - PSEs leading to harm - nor in PSEs by event type. We sought to examine potential inequities in rates of pediatric PSEs overall, by severity, and by category based on race and ethnicity, insurance payor, and language as measured using voluntary incident reports (IRs).

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of pediatric hospitalizations between January 19, 2012 through December 31, 2019 at a US urban, tertiary care children’s hospital. Analyzing 85 458 hospitalizations, we compared PSEs overall, by severity, and by event category by race and ethnicity, insurance payor, and language using incident rate ratios (IRRs).

RESULTS

In models controlling for covariates, we found that hospitalizations of Latinx (IRR 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07−1.29), non-Latinx Black/African American (IRR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01−1.34), publicly insured (IRR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02−1.20), and nonprivately/nonpublicly insured (IRR 1.12, 95% CI 1.02−1.23) children had higher rates of PSEs compared with reference groups, but the association between language and PSEs was not significant. There were similar patterns among AEs, although only the association between hospitalizations of Latinx patients and AEs was significant. Medication, fluid, or blood and lines or tubes PSEs drove many inequities.

CONCLUSIONS

We found inequities in PSEs as recorded by IRs, suggesting differences in care related to race, ethnicity, and payor. Limitations include analysis of a single center, that event categories are unique to the institution analyzed, and the voluntary nature of IRs.
Diagnostic Yield of Comprehensive Coronary Function Testing in Patients with Angina and Unobstructed Coronary Arteries: Endotype Characterisation and Clinical Implications
Authors: McChord Johanna , Hubert Astrid , Bekeredjian Raffi , Ong Peter , Seitz Andreas
Published: November 2024

Background: Coronary functional disorders (CFD) are significant contributors to angina with non-obstructed coronary arteries (ANOCA). Various endotypes, such as epicardial or microvascular spasm and/or coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), have been identified. Previous studies have shown a high prevalence of CFD in ANOCA cases, but often lacked comprehensive coronary functional testing (CFT), which ideally includes coronary spasm provocation testing and CMD assessment. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of CFD and to characterise endotypes in ANOCA patients using comprehensive CFT. Methods: A total of 89 consecutive ANOCA patients (mean age 64, 69% women) who underwent comprehensive CFT were enrolled. CFT comprised acetylcholine (ACh) spasm provocation testing and assessment of coronary flow reserve (CFR) and hyperaemic microvascular resistance using Doppler technique. Results: CFT identified at least one coronary vasomotion disorder in 91% of patients with ANOCA. Among them, microvascular spasm was the most common endotype (61%), followed by CMD (43%). Only 9% of patients had isolated CMD with the remaining CMD patients also showing coronary spasm. Low CFR was mainly associated with high resting coronary flow rather than impaired hyperaemic flow (R −0.60, p<0.0001). Additionally, 48% of patients with microvascular spasm exhibited moderate to severe coronary tortuosity. Conclusion: CFT provides a high diagnostic yield of CFD in ANOCA patients. Coronary spasm, particularly microvascular spasm, is the most frequent endotype. Patients with isolated CMD are rare, highlighting the importance of spasm testing in the ANOCA population.
From the Ashes of the Bronze Age
Authors: Branca Natalie M.
Published: November 2024

This paper surveys the published evidence for thermally altered human remains on Cyprus from mortuary contexts dating to the Iron Age (Cypro-Geometric and Cypro-Archaic periods), while outlining new theoretical perspectives and scientific approaches resulting from the development of analytical methods that have expanded the potential for specialists to study such remains on the island through the lens of funerary taphonomy. Most of our current knowledge of ancient fire-related bodily transformations such as cremation comes from regions where thermally altered human remains are frequently found in archaeological contexts. For some geographical regions, however, the use of fire in mortuary contexts remains underexplored, and this is the case with Cyprus, where thermally altered human remains are rarely recovered. I survey previous research on the subject, although the true extent of fire-related mortuary practices on the island is currently unknown. I address current challenges and suggest potential directions for future research.
EDUCAR PARA A DEMOCRACIA: FILOSOFIA E DEMOCRACIA A PARTIR DOS ESCRITOS DE ERIC WEIL SOBRE A EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Branco Judikael Castelo
Published: November 2024

RESUMO Este artigo analisa o papel da filosofia na educação para experiências democráticas a partir dos escritos de Eric Weil sobre a educação. Para tanto, ele inicia com a pergunta pela educação na sociedade moderna, a partir de seus dois conceitos: a “razão delirante” e o “evangelho da violência pura”. O primeiro remete à racionalidade científica de nossa civilização, o segundo exprime a linguagem própria de movimentos neopopulistas de feição fascista. Os dois representam desafios prementes à educação e, ao mesmo tempo, formas de recusa do discurso sensato. Por último, ancorado na visão weiliana da democracia como espaço de discussão pública, retoma o tema pensando o papel da filosofia para a educação e para a democracia.
Relationship between Chinese Confucianism and modern Japanese language: taking I am a cat as an example
Authors: Gong Meng , Wang Yang
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Confucian thought provides guidance on social structure and political governance. It was introduced to Japan as early as the fourth century AD (Anno Domini) and has been deeply imprinted in Japan’s history and culture for thousands of years. This article takes I am a cat as a specific example to analyze the specific Confucian ideas reflected in Japanese relational language. I am a cat is a classic work by the famous modern Japanese satirist Soseki Natsume. From the specific reflection of I am a cat, Japanese relational language includes Confucian concepts of superiority and inferiority, loyalty and filial piety, harmony and gratitude, as well as the concepts of propriety, benevolence and righteousness. It also reflects that Confucian philosophy has penetrated into Japanese related language. In such research, Japanese learners can gain a more intuitive understanding of the impact of Confucianism on modern Japanese relational language to improve the learning effectiveness. It also helps to develop the understanding of the influence of Confucian culture on Japan.
Occurrence of pathogens transmitted by Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks in dogs in the semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil
Authors: Nogueira Larissa L.C. , Braga Juliana F.V. , Sousa Raylanne L.P. , Araújo Bruno V.S. , Guimarães Ana L.C.G. , Carmo Larissa D.A.O. , Coelho Wesley A.C. , Amora Sthenia S.A.
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of infection by Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, Babesia vogeli, and Hepatozoon canis in dogs from the semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte state. Also, we evaluated the characteristics that favor the infection by E. canis and the presence of Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. ticks. For that, 120 dogs were included, from which blood samples were collected for DNA extraction and molecular diagnosis of these four pathogens. Anamnesis and physical examination were performed on each patient, and all properties were characterized. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to verify the association of the studied variables. The most prevalent pathogen in the study was E. canis (13.3%), followed by A. platys (11.7%), H. canis (6%) and B. vogeli (6%). Correspondence analysis performed between E. canis positivity and the variables studied showed the influence of factors such as tick history, non-vaccination and non-use of antiparasitic medications. The main environmental factor observed in the infection by E. canis was the presence of trees and vegetation in the residences. Recognizing these characteristics can help elaborate prevention and control strategies since environmental management activities seek to reduce the interaction between vector and host and, consequently, the exposure to diseases.
MNEs, FDI and regional innovation intensity: evidence from Brazil
Authors: Cassânego Vitor Melão , Carvalho Ana Catarina Gandra de , Moralles Herick Fernando
Published: November 2024

Abstract Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been seen by the literature as an influential factor in the technological evolution of host countries' innovation ecosystems, where several developing nations, such as Brazil, aim to attract FDI to potentialize their development through innovative output. However, the evidence on whether FDI configures a source of positive or negative influence on regional innovation capabilities is mixed. Furthermore, despite the existence of studies regarding emerging economies, there is a gap when it comes to the regional level in Brazil. We intend to contribute to the literature by examining whether multinational enterprises (MNEs) induce high or low-intensity innovations regionally in this last context. Thus, this study aims to complement academic investigations by analyzing the influence of MNEs on regional innovation intensity in Brazil in the state of São Paulo using a unique regional-level FDI database in a panel ranging from 2010 to 2016. FDI and AC demonstrated a positive effect on high-intensity innovation, specifically invention patents, with no observable influence on low-intensity innovation, such as utility models and certificates of addition. These findings corroborate various regression specifications and alternative estimation methods explored throughout the academic literature.
Crew optimization in urban railway systems: case study of Rio de Janeiro VLT
Authors: Cruz Vitor Nunes , Silva Junior Orivalde Soares da , Lopes Luiz Antônio Silveira
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT: This study aims to develop a mathematical model for crew optimization in urban rail systems. In this sense, the proposed model offers a solution that considers the number of operators distributed daily in each working day, as well as providing the distribution of the workforce in work schedules, to minimize the total number of operators needed, but without any penalty to contractual work restrictions, legal restrictions and practical specificities presented by the operational context of the system. Another relevant aspect of the proposed model is the joint optimization of both the shifts and work schedule problem, without the need to use the timetable as an initial parameter for the model. Also in this work, the application of the model in a light rail vehicle (VLT) operator in the city of Rio de Janeiro is presented, while allowing the practical evaluation of the capacity to optimize the workforce after to use of the model, by the comparison between the generated computational results and the currently solution from the operator. In the end, some alternative work schedules in Brazilian labor legislation are tested and their direct gains in the reduction of the workforce obtained by optimizing the model are presented, as well as the guarantee of a more evenly fair work schedule, avoiding any work overload for operator or deviations from current labor legislation.
Tomographic prevalence of juxta-apical radiolucency and adjacent structures: a cross-sectional study
Authors: RIGO Natália Mariane , FRANCO Gilson Cesar Nobre , PEDROSO Caique Mariano , ALBACH Thais , FERREIRA Adrielli Guimarães , CLAUDINO Marcela , BORTOLUZZI Marcelo Carlos , FISCHBORN Amanda Regina
Published: November 2024

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate juxta-apical radiolucency (JAR) prevalence and its relationship with adjacent structures using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and method CBCT scans were analyzed from a database from 2017 to 2021 of adult patients with mandibular third molars to visualize the presence of JAR. Third molars associated with JAR were classified according to impaction depth, angulation, and root development. JAR was also classified according to its relationship with the mandibular canal and its cortical area, size, and location. The chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney Test were performed to compare the age of patients and gender regarding the presence or absence of JAR. Result 1097 CBCT scans were collected from the database during the evaluation period, and after the application of the eligibility criteria, 155 scans were included in the analysis. Thirty-one third molars showed the presence of JAR with a 20% prevalence. Most cases were observed to be unilateral (84%), located mesially (53%), and medium-sized (53%), in contact with the mandibular canal with cortical presence (50%), visualized in third molars mostly mesioangular (36%), partially intraosseous (86%), and with complete root development (92%). No significant differences were detected between gender and age concerning the presence of JAR. Conclusion High JAR prevalence was observed, which was frequently in contact with the mandibular canal, being considered a potential risk for nerve damage.
CULTURAL COMPETENCE FOR WORKING WITH REFUGEE WOMEN IN SITUATIONS OF VIOLENCE: THEORETICAL REFLECTION FOR CARE
Authors: Gehlen Rubia Geovana Smaniotto , Paula Cristiane Cardoso de , Padoin Stela Maris de Mello , Balcazar Fabricio E.
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: to reflect on the contribution of using a Cultural Competence Framework by health professionals in providing care for refugee women in situations of violence. Method: a reflective study which considered the theoretical model of the Conceptual Framework of Cultural Competence by Balcazar et al., which was developed to work with ethnic minorities with physical disabilities. We suggest the possibilities of incorporating this theoretical model into nursing and health in order to develop better care that respects and supports refugee women in situations of violence. Results: regarding the existing model, it is understood that the construct of Cultural Awareness needs to be juxtaposed with the desire to engage by the professional to begin the process of becoming culturally competent in order to work with refugee women in situations of violence. The article reflects on the necessary adaptation of current healthcare models, and discusses dimensions that are considered necessary for Culturally Competent Care. These dimensions consist of Universal and Equitable Care, Cultural Care, Contextual Care and Single Care between the professional and the patient. Conclusion: when cultural competence is understood in its entirety or achieved, it can be called Cultural Intelligence, since cultural thinking and acting will be aligned. These reflections theoretically contribute to the existing Cultural Competence model, and to future researchers who seek evidence of culturally competent procedures and practices to work with women in situations of refuge and violence, demonstrating understanding and respect for population diversity.
CÁLCULO DE MEDICAMENTOS EN NEONATOS Y PEDIATRÍA: DESARROLLO Y VALIDACIÓN DE UNA APLICACIÓN MÓVIL
Authors: Moreno-Llanos Angeles Haydee , Morelos-García Edgar Noé , Lerma-Sánchez Ángel Mario , Zamarioli Cristina Mara , Castañeda-Hidalgo Hortensia , Sauceda-Flores Perla Francisca , Hernández-Herrera Dolores Eunice
Published: November 2024

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir el proceso de desarrollo y validación de una aplicación móvil para la dosificación de medicamentos en los servicios de neonatos y pediatría. Método: Estudio metodológico basado en el modelo de diseño instruccional con 5 etapas: análisis, diseño, desarrollo, implementación y evaluación. Las 3 primeras fases del desarrollo fueron a cargo de un ingeniero de informática. Se midió el índice de validez de contenido y apariencia por enfermeras clínicas (n=20) e ingenieros de sistemas computacionales (n=18), respectivamente, y la evaluación de la usabilidad con alumnos de enfermería (n=61). Resultados: Después de la fase de desarrollo, se contó con la app móvil MATYMAR V 1.0 disponible en una plataforma gratuita para su uso en el Sistema Android. El índice de validez de concordancia del contenido fue de 1,0 mientras que la apariencia presentó variaciones. La evaluación de la usabilidad de la app, realizada por 61 alumnos de enfermería, fue positiva para el cálculo de dosis de medicamentos en los servicios de neonatos y pediatría. Conclusiones: El modelo utilizado resultó eficaz para el desarrollo de la app, que fue bien evaluada por los enfermeros clínicos e ingenieros de sistemas en cuanto al contenido y apariencia a través de la validación del índice de concordancia, así como la evaluación de la usabilidad por los alumnos. Es una app útil y funcional para el cálculo de dosis pasando de una forma convencional a un sistema tecnológico haciendo el proceso de dosificación más seguro y confiable, y con disminución del tiempo.
TRADUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NO PLANEJAMENTO DA ALTA HOSPITALAR: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Aued Gisele Knop , Acosta Aline Marques , Lima Maria Alice Dias da Silva
Published: November 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: relatar a experiência de tradução do conhecimento no planejamento da alta hospitalar para a continuidade do cuidado na Rede de Atenção à Saúde. Método: relato de experiência de um projeto de extensão em formato de workshop com 29 enfermeiros de hospitais no Sul do Brasil, realizado de Maio a Agosto de 2022. Estruturou-se a extensão seguindo o modelo conceitual Ciclo do Conhecimento à Ação, dividindo-se em quatro fases: 1: planejamento e organização; 2) bloco teórico; 3) bloco prático; e 4) monitoramento do uso do conhecimento. Na fase 4, seis participantes responderam ao questionário virtual, disponibilizado um ano após o workshop. Resultados: na fase 1, foram desenvolvidos produtos em PowerPoint, manual e organização do ambiente virtual de aprendizagem. Na fase 2, foram realizados quatro encontros por meio de aulas expositivas dialogadas e metodologias ativas. Na fase 3, os enfermeiros realizaram um miniprojeto com ações voltadas para a alta hospitalar e pautadas na sua realidade profissional. Na última fase, o workshop contribuiu para a ampliação do conhecimento acerca do planejamento da alta hospitalar e provocou mudanças, mesmo que pontuais, na prática para uma alta hospitalar mais segura. Conclusão: o uso do modelo Ciclo do Conhecimento à Ação para a tradução do conhecimento por meio da ação de extensão demonstrou ser uma estratégia pertinente ao possibilitar a transposição do conhecimento científico aos enfermeiros e provocar mudanças individuais e em suas práticas profissionais. O modelo também pode ser replicado para outros contextos.
Use of anti-amyloid therapies for Alzheimer’s disease in Brazil: a position paper from the Scientific Department of Cognitive Neurology and Aging of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology
Authors: Barbosa Breno José Alencar Pires , Resende Elisa de Paula França , Castilhos Raphael Machado , Borelli Wyllians Vendramini , Frota Norberto Anízio Ferreira , Balthazar Marcio Luiz Figueredo , Amato Filho Augusto Celso Scarparo , Smid Jerusa , Barbosa Maira Tonidandel , Coutinho Artur Martins , Souza Leonardo Cruz de , Schilling Lucas Porcello , Silva Mari Nilva Maia da , Fernandes Gustavo Bruniera Peres , Bertolucci Paulo Henrique Ferreira , Nitrini Ricardo , Engelhardt Eliasz , Forlenza Orestes Vicente , Caramelli Paulo , Brucki Sonia Maria Dozzi , Studart Neto Adalberto
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT Novel therapies for Alzheimer’s disease, particularly anti-amyloid drugs like lecanemab and donanemab, have shown modest clinical benefits but also significant risks. The present paper highlights the challenges of access to diagnosis, cost-effectiveness, safety, and the need for more representation of diverse populations in clinical trials. Recommendations include careful patient selection, risk-benefit analysis, and the importance of proven amyloid pathology for treatment. Future work involves further research on anti-amyloid therapies in Brazil and the development of more effective treatments for Alzheimer’s disease.
Xenofobia racializada: Desigualdade na acolhida a estudantes imigrantes como desafio à Educação em Direitos Humanos
Authors: Oliveira Leila Maria , Casali Alípio
Published: November 2024

Resumo Este artigo mobiliza os fundamentos do referencial teórico da Educação em Direitos Humanos para analisar a relação entre xenofobia e racismo contra estudantes imigrantes, à luz de uma experiência de pesquisa qualitativa realizada em uma escola de educação básica no município de São Paulo com expressiva presença de estudantes imigrantes. A pesquisa permitiu concluir que o racismo associado à xenofobia (denominado xenofobia racializada) determina as probabilidades de integração de estudantes imigrantes na escola pública. Essa desigualdade discriminatória apresenta-se como um grave e urgente desafio à Educação em Direitos Humanos, cobrando uma prática de currículo expressamente comprometido com a superação dessa injustiça nas escolas que recebem estudantes imigrantes.
Racialized Xenophobia: Inequality in the reception of immigrant students as a challenge for Human Rights Education
Authors: Oliveira Leila Maria , Casali Alípio
Published: November 2024

Abstract This study uses the Human Rights Education (HRE) theoretical framework to analyze the relation between xenophobia and racism against immigrant students. A qualitative research experiment was carried out in a municipal elementary school with a significant presence of immigrant students in the city of São Paulo. This research found that racism, associated with xenophobia (here referred to as racialized xenophobia), determines the chances of immigrant students being integrated into public schools. This discriminatory inequality poses a serious and urgent challenge for Human Rights Education, demanding a curricular practice that is expressly committed to overcoming this injustice in schools that receive immigrant students.