bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigations into Salmonella Contamination in Feed Mills Producing Rations for the Broiler Industry in Great Britain
Authors: Gosling Rebecca , Oastler Claire , Nichols Christopher , Jackson George , Wales Andrew D. , Davies Robert H.
Published: June 2022

Feed-associated Salmonella serovars continue to be reported in poultry flocks. A study was conducted to investigate Salmonella contamination in major commercial feed mills that produce rations for broiler chickens within Great Britain. Dust and large moist gauze swab samples (12,791) were collected from 22 feed mills on 31 visits. Salmonella was isolated from 20 mills, with 15 mills (75%) having fewer than 5% Salmonella-positive samples. Fifty-one Salmonella serovars were isolated, with a large proportion of isolates being Salmonella (S.) Kedougou (29.4%) or S. 13,23:i:- (21.4%). European Union-regulated Salmonella serovars (Enteritidis, Infantis, Typhimurium and its monophasic variants) were isolated from 12 mills, mostly from non-processing areas, accounting for 40 isolates (4.4% of all Salmonella-positive samples). Fifteen Salmonella serovars were only isolated once. In terms of individual sampling locations within the mill, the waste handling locations were significantly more likely to be Salmonella-positive than some other mill locations. When sampling locations were grouped, samples collected from finished product areas were significantly less likely to be Salmonella-positive for Salmonella than some other mill areas. In conclusion, this study found that most mills producing broiler rations showed low-level Salmonella contamination.
Ultrasound and laser Doppler ﬂowmetry assessment of jaw muscle hypertonia in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Makedonova Yu. A. , Vorobev A. A. , Kurkina O. N. , Osyko A. N. , Alexandrov A. V. , Dyachenko D. Yu.
Published: June 2022

Relevance. Spastic cerebral palsy is one of the most common forms of cerebral palsy, in which muscular hypertonia, including jaw muscles, is present. To date, there is no universal algorithm for muscle hypertonia. The diagnosis is made based on complaints and data from an electromyographic study. This paper describes and proves the rationale for including ultrasound and laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) in additional diagnostic methods.

Material and methods. We examined 84 children with cerebral palsy using ultrasound and LDF to study the state of the mastication muscles. The ultrasound examination determined the structure and thickness of the masseter and temporal muscles and detected trigger points and the infiltration site. LDF was performed both at rest and after an occlusal test, which allows assessing the reserve capacities of the mastication muscles. We compared the received data with a group of healthy subjects of the same age.

Results. Ultrasound parameters and LDF data differed from the control group. The ultrasound examination revealed trigger points for the first time without patients’ complaints. Congestion caused by damage to muscle cells is characteristic of the local blood flow in children with cerebral palsy. The results of the occlusal test evidenced the mastication muscle compensation abilities, which clinicians should consider during treatment planning.

Conclusion. The received data will help dentists diagnose and treat muscle hypertonia, which will prevent pathology deterioration.
The role of Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 in oral diseases in children
Authors: Ivanovskii V. A. , Antonova I. N. , Molokova V. A.
Published: June 2022

Relevance. Herpes virus infections are the most common and poorly controllable viral infections. There are many difficulties in herpetic lesion verification and treatment in dental practice.

Purpose. The study aimed to present the results of a foreign publication investigation on the role of herpes simplex virus type 1 in the development of oral diseases in children.

Material and methods. Foreign scientific articles about the oral HSV-1 infections published from 2018 to 2022 formed the basis for the study. The study searched the publications on PubMed and Google Scholar bases.

Results. The article presents the newest data on the prevalence, clinical characteristics and diagnosis of oral HSV infection in children. Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis (PHGS), chronic recurrent herpetic gingivostomatitis, chronic recurrent herpes labialis are the main clinical presentations of herpes infection diagnosed in a dental practice. Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is very common in children aged six months to fve years and occurs in newborns from 2 to 43 days of life. Modern virology success can improve diagnosis and treatment of oral herpetic lesions.

Conclusion. Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is an acute infectious disease that requires the joint attention of a general practitioner and a dentist to ensure comprehensive treatment.
Oral ﬂuid immunological characteristics in children with congenital cleft palate and a postoperative defect
Authors: Chuykin S. V. , Davletshin N. A. , Mochalov K. S. , Akatieva G. G. , Chuykin O. S. , Makusheva N. V. , Kuchuk K. N. , Ganieva R.. A.
Published: June 2022

Relevance. The lack of anatomical differentiation between the oral cavity and the nasal cavity in children with congenital cleft palate leads to the deterioration of saliva characteristics affecting dental and periodontal disease progression. The oral fluid immunological profile may provide information about the nature of the inflammatory processes and changes in the reaction to the ongoing therapy.

Material and methods. The article presents the results of the oral fluid enzyme immunoassay in 109 children aged 6-12 years with congenital cleft palate and a postoperative defect and in 50 practically healthy children of the same age. The study determined the levels of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10) cytokines and secretory immunoglobulin sIgA in the oral fluid by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results. The study of children aged 6-12 years with congenital cleft palate and a postoperative defect revealed hyperstimulation of oral fluid pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10) cytokines and a decrease in secretory immunoglobulin sIgA mean level.

Conclusion. The oral fluid immunological complexes imbalance in children with congenital cleft palate and a postoperative residual defect is a progressive factor for the development and chronicity of oral inflammatory diseases.

The received data evidence the local inflammatory process and a decrease in the oral fluid local protective factors, which one must consider to develop methods for improving the condition of organs and tissues of the oral cavity in children with congenital cleft palate during preparation for surgery to eliminate the residual defect.
Experimental testing and histology result of the continuous distraction device application at the various rates
Authors: Kalugina L. S. , Topolnitskiy O. Z. , Beglaryan A. A.
Published: June 2022

Relevance. In modern maxillofacial surgery, the technique and mechanism of compression-distraction osteogenesis are still relevant as an alternative method of obtaining bone tissue in complex clinical cases. All types of compression-distraction devices used in practice have only a mechanical drive, i.e., fragments of bone tissue are separated fractionally in such devices, creating uneven tension in the newly formed regenerate, which leads to its incomplete ossification. We have developed, tested on a stand and tested in an animal experiment a distraction appliance operating on the principle of continuous separation of bone fragments, having a piston-type motor, activation of which occurs during an electrochemical reaction triggered and controlled by software with a feedback kit.Material and methods. The stages of our research were as follows: development of devices and electronics, bench tests, creation of clinical models of an automated continuous distraction device; clinical trials of devices, their placement in the experiment animals (dogs), testing of electronic continuous distraction devices at various rates (1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm per day); morphological and clinical and radiographic evaluation of the bone regenerates, and development of clinical recommendations for the device application and distraction rates.Results. The received data based on the available clinical and morphological-radiographic picture between the bone fragments distracted by the device prove the possibility of regenerate formation during continuous distraction at various rates, when constant atraumatic stretching of the regenerate is maintained, without its transition to a fractional deformation similar to a pre-plastic one. At the same time, the analysis of morphological studies showed the best histomorphological regenerate maturity obtained by continuous distraction at a rate of 2 mm. per day.Conclusion. We can recommend the introduction of the automated continuous distraction device created by our experienced group into practical medicine at a distraction rate of 2 mm. per day.
O ideal do otium e a modernidade
Authors: Ricci Maria Teresa
Published: June 2022

O artigo propõe uma breve história da noção de “otium” desde a Antiguidade até os nossos dias. Mostra como, na Grécia antiga, a vida ociosa é considerada honorável e o trabalho é condenado, entendido no sentido de ausência de liberdade e de busca de riqueza como um fim em si mesma. Essas ideias reaparecem no curso da história, por exemplo, na tratadística do comportamento que floresce no Renascimento, nos ideais cortesãos, assim como entre as classes marginais da sociedade.
Des renversements de la liberté en servitude
Authors: Zawadzky Paul
Published: June 2022

Avec M. Abensour, Claude Lefort fait partie des rares théoriciens du politique à reconnaître au Discours de la servitude volontaire l’importance d’un classique doté d’une véritable puissance d’intelligibilité. Il en propose une lecture scrupuleuseen 1977. Il suit également sa trace chez Camille Desmoulins, Constant, Guizot, Michelet, Quinet... Orwell. Mais il s’emploie surtout à le mettre à l’épreuve de l’expérience historique. Tout d’abord pour contribuer à rendre intelligible le phénomènetotalitaire. Etant donné que le totalitarisme surgit – selon Lefort – d’un renversement de la démocratie, La Boétie est également sollicité pour penser les institutions de la démocratie elle-même. La contemporanéité de l’énigme explorée par La Boétie tient au risque du renversement de la liberté en servitude qui travaille sur le long cours la modernité démocratique. Elle conduit notamment à s’interroger sur les paradoxales dynamiques des fuites hors de la liberté dont bénéficient les autoritarismes populistes contemporains.
Saga do populismo: momentos da história de um conceito
Authors: Amadeo Javier , Paula Guilherme
Published: June 2022

Esse artigo tem como objetivo discutir o populismo em uma dimensão histórica e conceitual. Para tanto, a proposta é dividida em duas partes. Primeiramente, percorremos a história do conceito, começando no século XIX quando populismo era uma característica de definição para movimentos na Rússia e nos Estados Unidos, atravessamos o século XX dando especial atenção às experiências populistas na América Latina e terminando no século XXI, quando o tema se torna um assunto fundamentalmente relevante nos estudos da Teoria Política em uma perspectiva abrangente e global. Na segunda parte do artigo, apresentaremos as três mais importantes linhas teóricas dedicadas a estudar o populismo: aquela que pensa o populismo como uma estratégia de poder pessoal, a abordagem ideacional e a que trata o populismo como uma lógica discursiva.
primeira fala ao poder: a Epístola sobre os servidores do califa, de Ibn Almuqaffa
Authors: Jarouche Mamede , Gemignani Beatriz
Published: June 2022

Escritor pioneiro nos gêneros literários de prosa árabe artística, Ibn Al-Muqaffa' é um consagrado escritor persa de língua árabe. Apresentamos neste artigo a tradução inédita ao português de seu tratado intitulado a Epístola sobre os servidores do califa, junto à fixação do texto árabe, cuja escrita remonta aos meados do século VIII d.C. A epístola é considerada um documento histórico, na medida em que atesta as condições econômicas, sociais, jurídicas e políticas de sua época. O autor endereça a epístola ao califa e expõe os diversos problemas do califado pertinentes àquele momento histórico, propondo respectivas soluções. Dentre os principais assuntos levantados por Ibn Al-Muqaffa', destacam-se: a discussão sobre a arrecadação do imposto fundiário (.araj) ; questões de direito e autoridade do soberano; e a importância da escolha deliberada de seus servidores. O autor apresenta suas sugestões ao soberano com eloquência, numa linguagem por vezes obscura para o leitor contemporâneo, o que de fato podemos esperar de um texto de mais de 1200 anos, cujas cópiascertamente foram deterioradas ao longo dos séculos.
Orientalismo e depois: o impacto sobre a teoria feminista na Índia
Authors: Niranjana Tejaswini , Yunis Leandra
Published: June 2022

No presente ensaio a autora aborda a introdução e impacto do pensamento de Edward Said no cenário de emergência dos estudos feministas modernos na Índia. A crítica ao orientalismo aparece como vetor da reorganização dos estudos de gênero e da crítica literária naquele país, os quais até então profundamente influenciados por ideologias colonialistas e agendas nacionalistas.
Mito da Fronteira e a imaginação do Outro: Os Estados Unidos e a representação dos conflitos no Oeste Americano, no Oriente Médio e no Futuro Espacial
Authors: Bello Robson
Published: June 2022

Para o imaginário estadunidense, a "Fronteira" (Frontier) foi o espaço quase mítico em disputa no Oeste, no qual o Progresso foi entendido como uma luz que chegava à escuridão da wilderness, renovando-a através do combate ao mundo selvagem e seus habitantes. O herói do Oeste Americano foi, de diferentes formas, representado como alguém que não só matava indígenas, símbolos e adversários pertencentes ao mundo selvagem, mas também os "fora-da-lei" que desafiavam as leis da civilização. A literatura dos séculos XVII ao XIX indicou muitas vezes a violência como uma batalha entre o sagrado e o profano, e a ocupação do Oeste como um modo de levar a palavra divina, e regenerar o espírito e a pureza racial. No decorrer do século XX e XXI, o gênero dos Westerns, também em filmes, e em games, deu continuidade a esse processo e tematizou o papel ideológico e simbólico da violência como prática regenerativa da ordem social. Diferentes narrativas alegorizaram o papel dos Estados Unidos nas disputas internas e globais e valorizaram o homem armado como herói que resolveria tais conflitos. Os desdobramentos do Mito da Fronteira podem ser um prisma para entender também o conflito com o Outro no Oriente Médio, assim como os paradigmas de uma utopia espacial.
Zeitgeist Populista
Authors: Mudde Cas , Amadeo Javier , Paula Guilherme
Published: June 2022

Desde a década de 1980, o surgimento dos chamados “partidos populistas” deu origem a milhares de livros, artigos, colunas e editoriais. Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma tripla contribuição para o debate atual sobre o populismo nas democracias liberais. Em primeiro lugar, é apresentada uma definição nova e clara de populismo. Em segundo lugar, a tese da patologia normal é rejeitada; em vez disso, argumenta-se que hoje o discurso populista se tornou a corrente principal na política das democracias ocidentais. Na verdade, pode-se até falar de um Zeitgeist populista. Terceiro, argumenta-se que as explicações e reações ao atual Zeitgeist populista são seriamente falhas e podem, na verdade, fortalecê-lo em vez de enfraquecê-lo.
Verdade, confiança e manipulação da impressão na legitimidade democrática
Authors: Dunn John , Seincman Eduardo , Martins Alessandra
Published: June 2022

Na história intelectual do Ocidente a democracia foi vista em geral com medo ou com desprezo. Com o passar do tempo, os países da Europa foram, com distintos ritmos, aceitando a democracia como a melhor forma de institucionalizar a representação do povo nas instituições estatais e de organizá-las para assegurar a deliberação e escolha política de seus cidadãos. No entanto este processo foi difícil e não isento de problemas de complexa resolução. O presente artigo analisa este processo de consolidação da democracia representativa nas sociedades contemporâneas com especial ênfase em três conceitos centrais: verdade, confiança e manipulação da impressão.
Imagens de exílio na obra de Albert Camus
Authors: Paiva Rita
Published: June 2022

Ao apontar para a pluralidade de imagens de exílio na obra camusiana, este texto procura refletir sobre duas delas. Primeiramente, aborda a imagem de um exílio ontológico, cuja marca chancela o humano e define essa condição; em seguida, busca  problematizar  o fato de que  a recusa ou a dificuldade para assumir esta realidade, que se impõe a todo ser consciente, opera uma imagem outra de exílio, agora  resultante  de deliberações humanas. Este movimento  instaura a incapacidade de compreender que o exílio que nos é constitutivo, o ontológico,  a um só tempo nos separa  do mundo e define nossa pertença ao cosmos.
O monismo ontológico de Luís Augusto Fischer em Duas formações, uma história: das ideias fora do lugar ao perspectivismo ameríndio
Authors: Faleiros Álvaro
Published: June 2022

Ensaio crítico a partir da obra Duas formações, uma história: das ideias fora do lugar ao perspectivismo ameríndio, de Luís Augusto Fischer à luz de uma possível poética histórica equivocal.
Raymond Williams e o paradoxo do exílio em 1984
Authors: Paixão Alexandro Henrique
Published: June 2022

Este artigo é um estudo analítico, por meio do método da explicação de texto, dos escritos de Williams e do romance de Orwell, considerando que ambos abrigam o tema do exílio e autoexílio. O último capítulo de Cultura e Sociedade, de Raymond Williams, é dedicado a Georg Orwell e a sua obra literária, dentre elas 1984. Ali, Williams reconhece no escritor inglês o “paradoxo do exílio”, algo que se pretende debater. Para tanto, relê-se o romance britânico e o referido capítulo de Williams, além de outro capítulo de sua autoria, intitulado “Indivíduos e Sociedades”, do livro The Long Revolution, em que exílio e autoexílio são conceituados e debatidos. Conclui-se que os três personagens observados — Orwell, Williams e Winston (protagonista de 1984) — constituem-se como figuras que viveram, de modos distintos, o exílio e o autoexílio.
No alvorecer, a partida: a complexidade do exílio em “Bem longe de Marienbad”, de Caio Fernando Abreu
Authors: Teixeira Ana Lúcia
Published: June 2022

O tema da condição estrangeira atravessa os 4 textos coligidos na obra Estranhos estrangeiros, de Caio Fernando Abreu. Dentre eles, o conto “Bem longe de Marienbad” será recuperado a partir da construção do personagem-narrador cuja interação com a ausência/presença de outra personagem, K, opera como motor de uma busca amorosa em princípio fracassada que pode ser lida também como uma espécie de extração das próprias raízes, de adoção do exílio como estado voluntariamente permanente. A perspectiva do exílio, assim, se entrelaça à toda narrativa e será tomada a partir de uma sugestiva sinonímia com a dificuldade de leitura dos vestígios da presença provocadora da pessoa amada. Por outro lado, a narrativa permite também tomar a condição de exílio não apenas em sua dimensão negativa e opressiva, mas destaca o espaço de liberdade que ela resguarda. A travessia do conto, portanto, permitirá uma tomada do exílio tanto como subtração das possibilidades de leitura do mundo por parte de quem se vê em condição de desterro quanto como espaço de liberdade para construção da própria experiência.
Africanos e outsiders: Intelectualidade, diáspora e a independência da Costa do Ouro
Authors: De Oliveira de Mattos Pablo
Published: June 2022

Este artigo analisa a atuação de George Padmore diante do processo de independência da Costa do Ouro, em contraponto a obras de outros intelectuais que participaram e escreveram sobre o mesmo processo. George Padmore, Richard Wright e Peter Abrahams, aqui são tratados como africanos e outsiders, independente de seus locais de origem e nascimento. Neste sentido, propõe-se uma reflexão sobre o exílio e a Diáspora Negra, colocando em evidência as tensões entre as identidades negras desta intelectualidade na busca por caminhos políticos. As narrativas construídas por estes intelectuais permitem reavaliar a noção de hibridez, de maneira que a História Intelectual do continente africano seja cotejada e analisada sob a perspectiva transnacional, com a devida complexidade que a Diáspora Negra e as lutas anticoloniais impõem.
Pulmonary function test in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in conditions of impared carbohydrate metabolism
Authors: Pavlova A. S. , Sorokina L. N. , Mineev V. N. , Nyoma M. A. , Trofimov V. I.
Published: June 2022

Objective: To study the state of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in patients having non-allergic variant of bronchial asthma (NABA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) either particularly or in combination with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) in the context of the effect of glycemic control on PFTs.Methods: Such groups of patients as patients having NABA (n=61), patients suffering NABA combined with DM2 (n=20), patients with COPD (n=55); and patients having diagnosed COPD combined with DM2 (n=12) were examined. The blood glucose level was determined by the hexokinase method, the level of glycated hemoglobin was measured using the immunoinhibition method. PFTs were evaluated using spirometry, bronchodilator test, and body plethysmography (MasterScreen SN5112116, CareFusion 234 GmbH).Results: Statistically significant decrease of VС, FVC, and an increase of Raw in the group of patients with a combination of NABA and DM2 compared with the group having NABA was observed. An increase of Raw in the group with a combination of COPD and DM2 in comparison with the group having COPD was observed. Moreover negative correlations between the parameters of PFTs in different groups and the degree of carbohydrate metabolism disorders were detected.Conclusions: PFT indexes of patients having obstructive pulmonary pathology on the background of carbohydrate metabolism disorder tend to decrease due to different factors, especially glication of proteins.
Алгоритмічні та апаратні засоби для знаходження рухомих цілей на проекційному зображенні від лазерного випромінювача мультимедійного тренажера
Authors: Крак Юрій Васильович , Яременко Сергій Володимирович
Published: June 2022

Досліджено проблеми створення мультимедійного тренажера з лазерним випромінювачем для навчання правильному використанню різноманітної зброї з метою набуття навичок прицільної швидкісної стрільби. Спеціалізоване програмне забезпечення призначене для навчання стрільців-початківців та вдосконалення рівня вогневої підготовки при навчанні прийомам та правилам стрільби зі стрілецької зброї. Програмна складова складається з окремих програмних модулів, які надають можливість користувачу налаштовувати інтерактивний тир, створювати та запускати вправи стрільб. Попадання в ціль визначається збігом центрального піксела лазерної реакції (плями) на проекційному зображенні з одним із пікселів цілі. Зазначимо, що лазерний випромінювач прикріплений на реальній зброї та при натисканні на курок на екрані зʼявляється пляма, як результат пострілу. Поряд із використанням реальної зброї засобами компʼютерної графіки створюються відповідні віртуальні середовища та здійснюється моделювання в ній різної обстановки, максимально наближеної до реальних умов. Досліджено апаратні та алгоритмічні помилки зйомки та розроблено методи їх зменшення. Апаратна — залежить від параметрів лазерного випромінювача, розмірів та характеристик проекційного екрану, роздільної здатності та характеристик приймальної камери-сенсора. Алгоритмічна — залежить від обраних алгоритму та методів обробки кадру. Проводиться аналіз плям від лазерного випромінювача на проекційному зображенні та пошук центроїда плями. Розроблено та апробовано алгоритм визначення центроїда плями за допомогою двоетапної бінаризації зображення, визначено оптимальні для вирішення задачі пороги бінаризації. Результати тестування показали, що отримана точність знаходиться в межах апаратної складової помилки, а швидкість прийняття рішень здійснюється в режимі реального часу.
Реалізація зближення коливних систем на основі принципу розтягування часу
Authors: Чикрій Грета Цолаківна , Кузьменко Віктор Миколайович
Published: June 2022

Розглянуто задачу зближення двох керованих систем, що описують динаміку математичних маятників, в якій один із обʼєктів прагне досягти цієї зустрічі, а інший — уникнути її. З метою застосування схеми першого прямого методу Л.С. Понтрягіна до її вирішення знадобилася модифікація цього методу, що базується на застосуванні принципу розтягування часу. Причина полягає у тому, що для цієї задачі не виконано умову Понтрягіна, що лежить в основі першого прямого методу і фактично забезпечує можливість побудови керування переслідувача у кожний момент часу за поточним керуванням втікача. Ця умова відображає перевагу переслідувача над втікачем в ресурсах керування, що виражена через параметри систем. Використовується модифікація умови Понтрягіна, що містить так звану функцію розтягування часу, яка грає вирішальну роль при побудові керування переслідувача по керуванню втікача у минулому. Це тотожно до використання інформації, що запізнюється. Для досліджуваної задачі запропоновано функцію розтягування часу та виводяться умови, що забезпечують можливість зустрічі обʼєктів у визначений скінченний момент. Також приведено формули, що описують спосіб побудови керування переслідувача керуванням супротивника у минулому. Використовуючи програмні засоби, створено візуальну ілюстрацію процесу зближення на площині за умови, що втікач рухається по сталій орбіті. Описаний алгоритм розрахунку формули поточного керування переслідувача гарантує зустріч обʼєктів.
Метод та алгоритми обчислення високоточної орієнтації та взаємної прив’язки систем координат кластера астродатчиків космічного апарата за неточними вимірюваннями
Authors: Губарев В’ячеслав Федорович , Мельничук Сергій Вікторович , Сальніков Микола Миколайович
Published: June 2022

Розглядається задача підвищення точності визначення орієнтації космічного апарата (КА) за допомогою системи астродатчиків (АД). Запропоновано методи, що дозволяють використовувати спільне поле зору та уточнення взаємного становища астродатчиків для підвищення точності визначення орієнтації. Використання кількох астродатчиків призводить до збільшення кута між напрямками на зірки, що потрапили в поле зору цих астродатчиків, що дозволяє зменшити число обумовленості матриць, які використовуються при обчисленні параметрів орієнтації. У роботі розвивається комбінаторний метод інтервального оцінювання орієнтації КА із довільним числом астродатчиків. Для обчислення орієнтації астродатчика вирішується лінійна задача інтервального оцінювання компонентів ортогональної матриці орієнтації для досить великої кількості зірок. Кватерніон орієнтації визначається за умови приналежності відповідної йому матриці орієнтації отриманим інтервальним оцінкам. Розглядається випадок, коли апріорна оцінка взаємної привʼязки астродатчиків може мати похибку, що порівняна з похибками вимірювання кутових координат зірок або перевищує їх. При неточно заданих матрицях взаємної орієнтації астродатчиків до похибок вимірювань напрямів на зірки додаються похибки взаємних орієнтацій астродатчиків, що призводить до розширення інтервалів невизначеності правих частин системи лінійних алгебраїчних рівнянь, які використовуються для визначення параметрів орієнтації. Запропоновано метод розвʼязання задачі щодо уточнення взаємної привʼязки внутрішніх систем координат пари датчиків як самостійної задачі, після якої розв’язується основна задача підвищення точності орієнтації КА. В основі методу та алгоритмів розвʼязання такої комплексної задачі лежать інтервальні оцінки ортогональних матриць орієнтації. Для додаткового звуження інтервалів використовують властивість ортогональності матриць орієнтації. Проведене чисельне моделювання дозволило оцінити переваги та недоліки кожного із запропонованих методів.
Кількісна оцінка технологічної сингулярності
Authors: Заріцький Олег Володимирович , Пономаренко Олександр Васильович
Published: June 2022

Розглянуто актуальне питання кількісного оцінювання технологічної сингулярності. Авторами зроблено аналіз інструментарію штучного інтелекту та підходів, які впливають на розвиток суперінтелекту, що дозволило вперше розробити загальну багатофакторну модель технологічної сингулярності та представити її графічно в просторі прямих та непрямих індикаторів розвитку. Розроблений підхід дозволяє перейти від експертних суджень щодо питання технологічної сингулярності у формі екстрапольованих кривих складності різноманітних систем, або якісного опису можливих сценаріїв розвитку технологій, до кількісної оцінки стану технологічної сингулярності. Формалізовано зв’язки між відповідними функціональними областями інтелекту людини та сучасних експертних систем, розроблено структурно-функціональну модель отримання знань. Зроблено висновок щодо реальних меж процесів сучасних «інтелектуальних» систем на рівні штучного мислення та логічного пізнання, що відповідає слабкому штучному інтелекту. Проаналізовано стан і шляхи розвитку апаратного забезпечення, що дозволило зробити висновок про комплексне використання різних апаратних архітектур та принципів оброблення інформації: суперкомп’ютера, нейросинаптичного та квантового комп’ютерів для реалізації концепції технологічної сингулярності. У вигляді структурної моделі формалізовано області досліджень, які найбільше впливають на розвиток штучного інтелекту, та їх зв’язок з існуючими підходами і методами оброблення великих даних. Вперше запропоновано класифікацію індикаторів розвитку штучного інтелекту в межах двох класів, прямих та непрямих, об’єднаних у три групи (інтенсивність наукових досліджень і суспільна активність; рівень прикладних (технологічних) рішень; практична реалізація), які найбільше впливають на розвиток загального штучного інтелекту. Виявлено кореляцію між формалізованими групами індикаторів, що підтверджує коректність гіпотези про причино-наслідковий зв’язок між групами (теоретичні дослідження → прикладні рішення → практична реалізація) та їх взаємний вплив.
Hadits Tentang Pendidikan Akhlak dan Pendidikan Sosial
Authors: Astuti Nita Yuli , Sujati Budi
Published: June 2022

In Islam, moral education is education that comes from religious teachings and community culture by creating tranquility, tranquility, and peace in life. In Islamic teachings, we know the term hablumminannas, where we can see well with humans. This is one of the goals of moral education, where humans can relate and do good with others. Because we are supposed to be social beings who will always need other people. In a hadith clearly shows that the Prophet SAW was very fond of people who are noble and people who talk the most. In addition, another hadith also explains that we are commanded to love others, even as we love ourselves. The implementation of this love is to help each other and provide benefits to others. The love that is given to this fellow with the differences that exist, so that it doesn't happen.

  Keywords: Hadits, Education, Morals, Social
Peranan Perempuan Dalam Ranah Jihad
Authors: Rozikin Ahmad Khoirur
Published: June 2022

Banyak yang meyakni dan memaknai bahwa Jihad fisik adalah jihad yang sesuai dengan tuntunan Islam, dan hal tersebut melahirkan gerakan ekstrem, baik dengan cara bom bunuh diri, atau mencenderai sesama manusia. Banyak juga yang memahami bahwa ranah jihad hanya tertuju pada kaum adam saja, tanpa memperdulikan peran seorang wanita dalam ranah jihad.

              Jihad tidak bisa hanya dimaknai dengan mengangkat senjata atau perang. Pemaknaan jihad lebih dari itu. Pun Jihad tidak bisa hanya dikuasai oleh para lelaki saja. Peranan wanita yang bertugas sebagai ibu rumah tangga, yang mengasuh dan merawat anak merupakan tugas yang berat, dan bisa dimaknai sebagai jihad. Bahkan seorang yang menuntut ilmu pun juga bisa dikatakan sebagai jihad.

              Dengan memakai metode library research, tulisan ini mengangkat peranan wanita dalam ranah jihad. Apa saja peranan wanita yang masuk dalam ranah jihad. Dan bagaimana peranan para istri Nabi Muhammad ketika kaum muslimin sedan berperang.

              Penulis menyimpulkan, bahwa peranan wanita khususnya di zaman sekarang, jihadnya tidak kalah penting dengan jihad para sahabat wanita di zaman Rasul. Mencari ilmu dengan statuss pelajar, merawat anak-anaknya, taat kepada suami, termasuk jihad bagi perempuan.
Traditional and new electrocardiographic predictors of non-sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia caused by drug-induced long QT syndrome
Authors: Kalatsei L. V. , Snezhitskiy V. A.
Published: June 2022

Aim. To identify electrocardiographic (ECG) predictors of drug-induced non-sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (PVT).

Material and methods. The study included 110 patients with ischemic heart disease and /or arterial hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias who were taking class III antiarrhythmic drugs (amiodarone or sotalol). According to the presence or absence of the drug-induced QT interval prolongation (Bazett) (greater than 450 ms in men and greater than 470 ms in women), the patients were divided into 2 groups: «LQTS» (n=64) and «Non LQTS» (n=46). According to the presence or absence of non-sustained PVT, patients with drug-induced LQTS were additionally divided into the «PVT» (n=17) and «Non PVT» (n=47) groups. All patients underwent clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations, which included taking anamnesis, physical examination, echocardiography, Holter monitoring, general clinical laboratory examinations, 12-lead ECG recording before and while taking antiarrhythmic drugs.

Results. In the «LQTS» group of patients, PVT was significantly more common than in the «non LQTS» group (p=0.017). When analyzing the baseline ECG parameters recorded before the initiation of antiarrhythmic therapy, no significant differences were found between the groups except for a greater QT interval dispersion in the group of patients with LQTS and non-sustained PVT compared with patients without LQTS (p=0.03). While receiving antiarrhythmic therapy, patients with LQTS and non-sustained PVT had a longer duration of the QT interval (p<0.05), as well as the duration of the corrected QT and JT intervals (p<0.001) compared with group of patients without LQTS and subgroup without non-sustained PVT. The values of the parameters of the balance of depolarization and repolarization of the ventricular myocardium (iCEB and iCEBc) were significantly higher in patients with LQTS and non-sustained PVT (p<0.001). Based on the results of the analysis of contingency tables, the most effective predictor of non-sustained PVT was an iCEBc value ≥5.81 (OR=7.294, 95% CI [4,245-11,532]). According to the results of one-way ROC-analysis, the iCEBc value ≥5.81 demonstrated high sensitivity (94.1%) and specificity (84.9%), as well as a fairly high area under the ROC-curve (0.901).

Conclusions. Our results indicate that the value of the corrected index of the cardioelectrophysiological balance ≥5.81 can be used in the prediction of non-sustained PVT in patients with QT interval prolongation induced by amiodarone and sotalol in addition to the existing ECG parameters.
Lead extraction risk scores and practical use: literature review
Authors: Aivazian S. A. , Sapelnikov O. V. , Grishin I. R. , Sorokin I. N.
Published: June 2022

The number of implantations of cardiac electronic devices is increasing. Along with this, there is an increase in complications requiring lead extraction. As we know, lead extraction is associated with the risk of complications, including fatal ones. This review considers seven risk stratification scores for transvenous lead extraction. Their advantages and disadvantages and importance of their use in practice are discussed in this article.
Workplace Violence against Healthcare Workers in Health Services Organizations
Authors: Kennedy Bernice , Kennedy-Baker Chrishonda
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The healthcare environment is one of the most complex and dangerous occupational hazards for healthcare workers, especially nurses. The complexity of a culture of patient-related violence and the nature of their jobs place healthcare workers at risk for violence on the job. Workplace violence is a profoundly serious issue and continues to be a growing problem in the United States. This paper is a brief literature review of workplace violence against healthcare workers in health services organizations. These sections will be discussed (a) common workplaces where violence occurs; (b)types of workplace violence; (c)workplace violence against healthcare workers in health services organizations displayed in a conceptual model; (d) mental health and physiological problems of workplace violence on healthcare workers; (e) cost of workplace violence in health services organizations; and (e) strategies for prevention. Healthcare administrators are obligated to provide a safe environment for patients and staff. However, numerous guidelines have been developed, workplace violence continues to be at an increased rate. Continuous research studies are needed to improve the safety of healthcare workers in their diverse work settings. Also, more research is needed in healthcare settings with limited research.
2.	Cascading Collective Trauma and COVID-19 Pandemic: The Impact on African Americans and Communities of Color
Authors: Kennedy Bernice
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic led to collective trauma or long-term psychological effects that are shared by a large group of people who all experience an event. Collective trauma is defined as an entire group’s psychological reaction to a traumatic event that affects an entire society. Collective trauma can be caused by events such as pandemics, wars, natural disasters, mass shootings, genocides, systematic and historical oppression, recessions, and famine or severe poverty. This paper is a brief report of the impact of cascading collective trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic on African Americans and other communities of color. Cascading collective traumas are defined as a series of compounding catastrophes that may be both historic and concurrent and results have stronger emotional responses with each new exposure. COVID-19 pandemic was almost immediately followed by another trauma, such as the racial unrest and reports of African Americans being beaten ferociously with no apparent causes. Collective trauma is not always equal in populations. African Americans and other communities of color in the United States are suffering disproportionately from COVID-19, compounded by historical trauma, structural racism, and persistent poverty. Policy changes are needed to address the structural racism and health inequities that negatively impact the physical and mental health of Blacks, Latinx, and other indigenous communities in the United States. More research is needed to examine cascading collective trauma and increased violence.
Challenges of the practical applications of solid-state nanopore platforms for sensing biomolecules
Authors: Taniguchi Masateru
Published: June 2022

Nanopores are cost-effective digital platforms, which can rapidly detect and identify biomolecules at the single-molecule level with high accuracy via the changes in ionic currents. Furthermore, nanoscale deoxyribonucleic acid and proteins, as well as viruses and bacteria that are as small as several hundred nanometers and several microns, respectively, can be detected and identified by optimizing the diameters of a nanopore according to the sample molecule. Thus, this review presents an overview of the methods for fabricating nanopores, as well as their electrical properties, followed by an overview of the transport properties of ions and analyte molecules and the methods for electrical signal analysis. Thus, this review addresses the challenges of the practical application of nanopores and the countermeasures for mitigating them, thereby accelerating the construction of digital networks to secure the safety, security, and health of people globally.
Dissolution of Nickel-Manganese-Gallium Alloys: the first step for manufacturing hybrid micro-devices composed of Ni-Mn-Ga and Silicon layers
Authors: HU HAO , Ullakko Kari
Published: June 2022

Our aim is to develop next generation of MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) devices that are composed Ni-Mn-Ga and silicon layers. Due to the large magnetic-field-induced strains of Ni-Mn-Ga, actuating components can be fabricated in the Ni-Mn-Ga layers. Other functional components can be manufactured in the silicon layer. Single crystalline Ni-Mn-Ga alloys that are grown by using the Bridgman vertical growth technique have thus far obtained the largest magnetic field-induced strain (MFIS), a magnetic shape memory (MSM) effect. Similar to silicon wafers, Ni-Mn-Ga wafers are also sliced from crystal-oriented single crystalline ingots. To fabricate hybrid MEMS devices such as micromanipulators and robots, lab-on-chip containing micropump manifolds and valves, or vibration energy harvesters, the fabrication processes used for MEMS devices will be used are also be used to fabricate components in the Ni-Mn-Ga layer of the hybrid MEMS devices. One of the most important processes for MEMS fabrication is the structuring of materials by chemical etching. The main goal of this study is to obtain evidence that the etchant etches silicon but not Ni-Mn-Ga and to identify an etchant that etches Ni-Mn-Ga but not silicon. The present paper reports on a novel experiment in dissolving Ni-Mn-Ga alloys. An etchant composition of 69% HNO3, 98% H2SO4, and CuSO4•5H2O is proposed for dissolving Ni-Mn?Ga alloys and the variation in the dissolution rate by adjusting the concentrations of HNO3 and ultrapure water (UPW) is demonstrated. This etchant was demonstrated to etch Ni-Mn-Ga but not silicon. The HF+HNO3 acidic solution commonly used for etching silicon does not dissolve Ni-Mn-Ga
Approximate Noise-Whitening in MIMO Detection via Banded-Inverse Extension
Authors: Hu Sha , Wang Hao
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we propose a novel approximate noise-whitening for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) detection with banded-inverse extension (BIE). If the noise covariance matrix origins from a Gauss-Markov process (GMP), the inverse is banded and the proposed method is exact yielding no accuracy-losses. For general matrices to be inverted, the approximation-errors introduce a mismatched MIMO detection-model, which can cause performance-degradation. Hence, we further develop an information-theoretic tool using generalized mutual information (GMI) to assess the impacts from approximation-errors on the final achievable rate. We show that the approximate noise-whitening method based on BIE not only minimizes the noise distortion measured from Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, but also maximizes the GMI of the MIMO system asymptotically as signal-to-noise ratio  (SNR) increases. Besides, the BIE also provides a unified framework for approximate matrix-inverse with an adjustable band-size.
Franco Pedrotti - Biografia di protezionisti italiani e stranieri. Trento, Accademia degli Accesi, 2021
Authors: Lisa Chiara
Published: June 2022

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Etiology and Morphological Pattern in Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
Authors: GN Chaudhury , RA Chowdhury , T Khondoker , T Ferdous , S Afroz , M Hanif
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a type of GN disease of the kidney. It is clinically characterized by a rapid decrease in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of at least 50% over a short period, from a few days to 3 months. The main pathologic finding is extensive glomerular crescent formation. The present study was conducted to recognize the morphological pattern in RPGN, underlying causes, and the outcome of RPGN in children. Aim of the study: To assess the histopathology of Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN), as RPGN can cause rapid irreversible damage to renal glomeruli in the form of crescents. Methods: This study was done on 34 RPGN children at the department of pediatric Nephrology in Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital over the period of June 2017 to December 2019. Result: The etiology of RPGN in this study showed, HSP nephritis was the commonest (23.5%) followed by IgA nephropathy (21.9%) and postinfectious glomerulonephritis (17.64%). Hematuria, proteinuria, and edema were present in almost all cases. The proportion of glomeruli displaying cellular crescent was 21%, fibrous crescent 7.1%, and fibrocellular crescent was 35% respectively. In terms of outcome, 61.7% of patients exhibited total recovery of renal function, 14.7% of patients were lost during follow-up, 5.8% were dialysis dependant, 5.8% patients developed chronic kidney disease and 11.7% died during hospitalization. Conclusion: RPGN is one of the important causes of unexplained acute kidney injury (AKI). Rapid and irreversible loss of renal function and remarkable mortality consider the need for awareness and development of a specific registry for Pediatric RPGN in hospitals.
Correlation between β2- Microglobulin and MIA Syndrome in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Hamouche N. , Ahtitich K. , Mazighi S. , Omari L. El , Chettati M. , Admou B. , Fadili W. , Laouad I.
Published: June 2022

Hemodialysis is a treatment that filters waste and water from the blood. Nonetheless this treatment has multiple side effects, such as producing Beta 2 micro globulin, inflammatory aftermath, in addition to changes to the lipid balance (hypertriglyceridemia+ reduction in cholesterol levels HDL) involved in the genesis of long term complications known as MIA syndrome (Malnutrition, Inflammation, Atherosclerosis). In this multicenteric cross-sectional study we gathered 135 patients (average age 52 years old, with average dialysis duration of 9 years and extremes from 1 to 21 years). The results of our study showed that the longer the hemodialysis treatment duration the higher the levels of Beta 2 micro globulin. After detailing the clinical and Para clinical results of the patients, 19% presented with malnutrition, 47% exhibited an inflammatory condition, and 51% were diagnosed with atherosclerotic damage). Our results as well indicate that a high serum level of this protein could have a role in the development of cardiovascular and atherosclerosis complications patients.