bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Investment of Upstream Oil and Gas in Indonesia
Authors: Muarofah Siti , Falianty Telisa Aulia
Published: August 2020

Direct investment is expected to be a source of financing for the current account deficit in Indonesia's Balance of Payments. One of the contributors to the current account deficit is the oil and gas trade balance. Therefore, this study will focus on direct investment in the upstream oil and gas sector. This study will examine the impact of implementing regulations related to restrictions on costs that can be claimed to the government and economic factors that include prices and costs per unit of oil and gas on the upstream oil and gas investment. The study was conducted using micro data from 33 oil and gas companies in Indonesia, with a data period 2005-2018. The analysis model used is panel data regression. Empirical results show that the implementation of regulation as well as price per unit (lag-2) have a significant and positive correlation to the upstream oil and gas investment. While operational cost per unit (lag-2) have a significant effect with a negative correlation after the implementation of the regulation.
Why do so many trials of vitamin D supplementation fail?
Authors: Boucher Barbara J
Published: August 2020

Our knowledge of vitamin D has come a long way since the 100 years it took for doctors to accept, between 1860 and 1890, that both sunlight and cod liver oil (a well-known folk remedy) cured and prevented rickets. Vitamins D2/D3 were discovered exactly a hundred years ago, and over the last 50 years vitamin D has been found to have many effects on virtually all human tissues and not just on bone health, while mechanisms affecting the actions of vitamin D at the cellular level are increasingly understood, but deficiency persists globally. Observational studies in humans have shown that better provision of vitamin D is strongly associated, dose-wise, with reductions in current and future health risks in line with the known actions of vitamin D. Randomised controlled trials, commonly accepted as providing a ‘gold standard’ for assessing the efficacy of new forms of treatment, have frequently failed to provide supportive evidence for the expected health benefits of supplementation. Such RCTs, however, have used designs evolved for testing drugs while vitamin D is a nutrient; the appreciation of this difference is critical to identifying health benefits from existing RCT data and for improving future RCT design. This report aims, therefore, to provide a brief overview of the evidence for a range of non-bony health benefits of vitamin D repletion; to discuss specific aspects of vitamin D biology that can confound RCT design and how to allow for them.
First case of fetal goitrous hypothyroidism due to SLC5A5/NIS mutations
Authors: Stoupa Athanasia , Al Hage Chehade Ghada , Kariyawasam Dulanjalee , Tohier Celine , Bole-Feysot Christine , Nitschke Patrick , Thibault Helene , Jullie Marie-Laure , Polak Michel , Carré Aurore
Published: August 2020

Background:

Among patients with congenital hypothyroidism, 35% have dyshormonogenesis (DH) with thyroid gland in situ with or without goiter. The majority of DH cases are due to mutations in genes involved in thyroid hormone production as TG, TPO, SLC5A5/NIS, SLC26A4/PDS, IYD/DEHAL1, DUOX2, and DUOXA2, and are usually inherited on an autosomal recessive basis. Most previously reported cases of fetal hypothyroidism and goiter were related to TG or TPO mutations and recently DUOXA2.

Patient:

In a male patient with antenatal goiter treated with intraamniotic levothyroxine injections, whose long-term follow-up is described in detail, two novel NIS mutations were detected. Mutations of NIS were located in exon 1 (c.52G>A, p.G18R) and exon 13 (c.1546C>T, p.R516X), each mutation was inherited from parents, who are healthy carriers. The p.G18R mutation affecting the first transmembrane domain of the protein can be responsible for deficient iodide uptake. However, the second is a nonsense mutation leading probably to mRNA degradation. In addition, the patient has undergone a thyroidectomy and we have studied the thyroid tissue. The thyroid histology showed heterogeneity with large follicles, epithelial hyperplasia and many areas of fibrosis. Immunohistochemistry with NIS specific antibody showed NIS staining at the basolateral plasma membrane of the thyrocytes.

Conclusions:

We report the first case of fetal goitrous hypothyroidism due to two novel NIS mutations with access to thyroid tissue of the patient, specific histology studies and long-term follow-up. This case expands our knowledge and provides further insights on molecular causes of fetal goiter in humans.
Trends in Mortality and Costs of Pediatric Extracorporeal Life Support
Authors: Sanaiha Yas , Khoubian Jonathan J. , Williamson Catherine G. , Aguayo Esteban , Dobaria Vishal , Srivastava Neeraj , Benharash Peyman
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND:

Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) has been used for >30 years as a life-sustaining therapy in critically ill patients for a variety of indications. In the current study, we aimed to examine trends in use, mortality, length of stay (LOS), and costs for pediatric ECLS hospitalizations.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients (between the ages of 28 days and <21 years) on ECLS using the 2008–2015 National Inpatient Sample, the largest all-payer inpatient hospitalization database generated from hospital discharges. Nonparametric and Cochran-Armitage tests for trend were used to study in-hospital mortality, LOS, and hospitalization costs.

RESULTS:

Of the estimated 5847 patients identified and included for analysis, ECLS was required for respiratory failure (36.4%), postcardiotomy syndrome (25.9%), mixed cardiopulmonary failure (21.7%), cardiogenic shock (13.1%), and transplanted graft dysfunction (2.9%). The rate of ECLS hospitalizations increased 329%, from 11 to 46 cases per 100 000 pediatric hospitalizations, from 2008 to 2015 (P < .001). Overall mortality decreased from 50.3% to 34.6% (P < .001). Adjusted hospital costs increased significantly ($214 046 ± 11 822 to 324 841 ± 25 621; P = .002) during the study period despite a stable overall hospital LOS (46 ± 6 to 44 ± 4 days; P = .94).

CONCLUSIONS:

Use of ECLS in pediatric patients has increased with substantially improved ECLS survival rates. Hospital costs have increased significantly despite a stable LOS in this group. Dissemination of this costly yet life-saving technology warrants ongoing analysis of use trends to identify areas for quality improvement.
Effect of succinic acid on the organism of mice and their intestinal microbiota against the background of excessive fat consumption
Authors: Lieshchova M. A. , Bilan M. V. , Bohomaz A. A. , Tishkina N. M. , Brygadyrenko V. V.
Published: August 2020

Succinic acid and its salts (succinates) positively affect the oxygenation of the internal environment, stabilize the structure and functional activity of mitochondria, and normalize the ion metabolism in the cell. Separate clinical studies and experimental surveys confirmed that having low toxicity succinic acid has well-manifested antioxidant, immunostimulating, adaptogenic properties. In this study, we determined the influence of succinic acid on the organism of laboratory animals against the backround of high-fat diet: the changes in body weight, indices of the mass of the internal organs, blood parameters and the changes in the intestinal microbiota were determined. For the experiment, we formed three experimental and three control groups of male white mice. The animals of the control group received 0.5% solution of succinic acid instead of water. In the experiment, we determined that succinic acid has no effect on the intensity of growth of weight of young mice against the background of excessive fat in their diet. Excessive consumption of fat by male mice leads to mainly disorders in the functioning of the liver, excretory and the immune systems. High-fat diet of mice is accompanied by impaired hepatic function, manifested in sharp hypoproteinemia due to globulins, increase in the activity of hepatic enzymes against the background of reduced activity of alkaline phosphatase, increase in the level of bilirubin, and decrease in glucose. Excess of fat in the diet leads to malfunctioning of the excretory system, manifested in the reduced index of kidneys’ weight, high content of creatinine and reduced level of urea in the blood. Addition of succinic acid has a positive effect on the functional condition of the liver and the kidneys, especially noticeable during long-term intake. High-fat diet causes disorders in the functioning of the organs of blood circulation and immune protection, accompanied by decrease in the relative mass of the thymus and spleen, low content of hemoglobin and the number of erythrocytes, but has no significant effect on the content of other cellular elements in the blood. By the middle of the experiment, succinic acid had exacerbated these processes compared to the control, but by the end of the experiment, by contrast, these processes were alleviated. Addition of the succinic acid to high-fat diet contributed to the change in the quantitative composition of the main representatives of the obligatory microbiota (Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. and typical Escherichia coli) in the laboratory animals. Such changes in the intestinal microbiota may lead to such consequences as reproduction of the facultative microflora, and, thus, development of various diseases.
Editorial
Authors: Castañeda Rodríguez Victor Mauricio
Published: August 2020

Este número de Innovar llega a nuestros lectores en un escenario que hace unos meses atrás parecería propio de una historia de ciencia ficción. Se trata de un aislamiento físico prolongado que ha pasado factura en muchos ámbitos de la vida humana, por ejemplo, la economía, el trabajo, la salud mental y la educación. En particular, el covid-19 y las medidas tomadas por la mayor parte de los gobiernos en el mundo para frenar su expansión han llevado a jardines, colegios y universidades por igual a utilizar los espacios virtuales para continuar con el desarrollo de sus planes de estudio, lo que ha obligado a profesores, estudiantes y padres de familia a adaptarse al cambio, aunque cada uno de ellos en diferentes circunstancias y en desigualdad de oportunidades.
A book review on Organizational Culture and Leadership: A Dynamic View
Authors: Alsaqqa Hatem
Published: August 2020

Leadership is one of the most reflected arguments in management books. This concept is always under training and development in various organizations around the world. The debate about achieving the desired leadership styles is also controversially adopted. Thus, the author of this work thought more broadly to put this concept on some rational basis. Schein, who obtained a Master’s Degree in Psychology and a Ph.D. in Social Psychology, and has worked as a Professor of organizational studies management, used his broad experience on the topic to write this book.
BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS IN THE SYSTEM OF SCHOOL EDUCATION ON NATIONAL LEVEL AND BY MAIN REGIONS AND CITIES IN BULGARIA
Authors: Radev R.
Published: August 2020

The main goal of the current publication is to present the specific characteristics of students in the system of school education. The methodological framework through which the goal is achieved consists of four steps: first – the total number of schools and their number by types (general, vocational and special) is identified; second - the number of students and their structure in basic and high general schools is given; third - the number of vocational schools – total and by types, as well as the students enrolled in them; fourth – languages learnt in basic and high schools in Bulgaria; also, the number of students graduating from general and vocational schools on national level and by main cities and regions. The conclusion from the study is that identifying the number and characteristics of students enrolled in the school education is a very important part of the Human resource sustainable capacity evaluation on national level and by cities and regions. The HR sustainable capacity is evaluated from the point of the number of graduating students and their technical and language skills. This analysis is also important to the universities in Bulgaria and abroad because it helps evaluating the number of applying students in short, middle and long-term period.
INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES FOR THE BULGARIAN TOURISM INDUSTRY FOLLOWING AMENDMENTS IN TAX LEGISLATION
Authors: Georgiev M. , Dimitrova Iv.
Published: August 2020

The current study examines the institutional issues in the tourism sector of Bulgaria in terms of the impact of the by-law Ordinance № 18 of 13 December 2006 on the registration and reporting of sales in retail outlets through fiscal devices. The research applies: (1) defining the legal “error”; (2) the information asymmetries that pose a problem to the coordination mechanisms of the organization are described; (3) the negative economic effects are presented through the measurement of transaction costs. In conclusion, proposals have been made to improve this section of the institutional environment.
E-GOVERNMENT IN BULGARIA – STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES FOR DEVELOPMENT AND RESULTS FROM IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECTS
Authors: Daskalova T.
Published: August 2020

The development of e-Government is the main priority in the strategic documents of the Republic of Bulgaria during the programme period 2014-2020. The projects financed under Operational Programme “Good Governance” are of key significance both for the attainment of the strategic objectives and of the expected results input in them. The purpose of the publication is to analyse the conformity between the strategic documents and the projects implemented in the sphere of e-Government in the country. A desk analysis, an empirical analysis and other scientific methods are applied for the attainment of the purpose in the research. Problems in their development are identified as a result of the analysis of the current projects and alternatives are proposed for their elimination. Perspectives are outlined for the future development of the e-Government in Bulgaria in conclusion.
REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND COHESION POLICY OF EU 2021-2027
Authors: Mutafov E.
Published: August 2020

Cohesion policy is the EU's main investment policy and one of the most specific expressions of solidarity. Further investment is needed to overcome the persisting differences between Member States. After 2020, resource allocation to the regions will continue and the greatest efforts will be needed to bring these countries together with the rest of the EU. At the same time, cohesion policy will continue to play the role of a strong and direct link between the EU and its regions and cities. The main purpose of this article is to compare the approaches in allocating funds across the different EU Member States and how the implemented Cohesion Policy will change after the year of 2020.
DIRECTIONS AND TRENDS OF REGIONAL INTELLIGENT SPECIALIZATION IN BULGARIA
Authors: Atanasova P.
Published: August 2020

The aim of the report is to draw up the directions for development of the regions in the country, as well as leading trends in intelligent specialization. The starting points are analyzes of the Ministry of Economy and European Business Institute, taking into account the changes in the positions of Bulgaria according to the Global innovation index. Trends in the main innovative activities at NUTS 2 regional level were reported by analyzing objective statistical data of the National Statistical Institute. The changes at the national level in the three production technology groups have also been studied (low-tech, medium-tech, high-tech) as a precondition for regional structural change. Specifying the development trends in the main territorial units in the country will result in a focus on the areas concerned and targeting financial resources to places with the highest potential and perspective.
ABOUT THE SIMILARITIES and DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SHARED VALUE AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: Angelova R.
Published: August 2020

Over the last few years, we have witnessed the rapid development of Michael Porter and Mark Kramer's "Creating Shared Value - CSV" strategy. It builds on the philosophy of Corporate Social Responsibility - CSR and represents a step forward in uniting business and state efforts to address social issues. The author proves this by comparing CSV and CSR and outlining some of their similarities and differences. Clarifying the essence of CSV and highlighting it from CSR are consider to force the impact of this new philosophy in the world of modern business.
ASSESSMENT OF FEM CALCULATION RESULTS ACCURACY WITH THE USE OF SYMMETRY PLANES IN GEOTECHNICAL PROBLEMS
Authors: Melnikov R. V , Bragar E. P
Published: August 2020

To calculate different geotechnical objects (foundations of unique buildings, pile foundation grillages, slab foundations, embankments, etc.) we often need to simplify geometric model. Use of symmetry principles allows to simplify the model without reducing its detail. A relevant issue with the use of symmetry planes is the assessment of calculation results accuracy. The article considers the research of such an assessment for two traditional geotechnical problems: a shallow foundation slab and a shoring of deep excavation. Calculations have been performed with various options of symmetry planes usage: a full-scale model, using one symmetry plane, using two symmetry planes; differences in the ways of representing building structures: 2D and 3D continuum elements. Generating the finite element mesh, we took into account the fact, that the degree of mesh grinding significantly influence the accuracy of the calculation results. That’s why the finite element mesh was divided into two areas: the area of «interest» represented by small sized elements, and the «peripheral» area created by larger elements. We also considered the sequence of technological processes: the initial stage of the calculation is the creation of the initial stress state, the next stage is the creation of the structure (foundation slab, shoring of excavation), the final stage is the force application. The calculation results were evaluated according to the criteria related to the second group of limit states. The controlled parameters for the shallow foundation slab were: maximum and average settlement, relative difference of settlements; for the shoring of deep excavation - the maximum displacement of the enclosure structure. It was found out that to present the construction in the form of 2D-elements it is necessary to introduce additional boundary conditions. They prevent rotation in nodes located on the plane of symmetry. The authors make conclusions and recommendations for creating design models with the use of symmetry planes.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF USING INJECTION REINFORCEMENT TECHNOLOGY WITH SELF-EXPANDING GROUT OF SOFT SOILS AT THE SUB-BASE OF SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS
Authors: Kalach F. N
Published: August 2020

In the process of organizing new underground volumes in difficult engineering and geological conditions of the central part of the city of St. Petersburg, it is necessary to use technologies that ensure the safety of neighboring buildings, which supply work to the zone of influence. Due to the heterogeneity of the stress-strain state of soils, the uneven loading of foundations and the additional influence of technological processes on the arrangement of underground space, the structures of existing buildings experience a significant negative effect from the unevenness of vertical deformations. At the same time, there is a need for additional research of compensatory measures that exclude this type of deformation, aimed at studying the processes of soil grouting using modern injection materials on a cement and polymer basis, increasing the physicomechanical characteristics of weak silty-clayed soils, mainly the components of the sub-base of old buildings. The article discusses the method of injection reinforcement of a shallow foundation, folded by fluid silt sandy loam, as a compensation measure, eliminating additional vertical uneven deformations of the historical building caused by the construction of the pit enclosing structure. The performed laboratory research made it possible to determine the increment in the values of the strength and deformation characteristics of the soil mass after its strengthening, the experimental work allowed us to establish the most effective injection parameters of the injection solution and visually assess the degree of its distribution in soft soil, and the physico-mathematical modeling in the PLAXIS software package made it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of this technology as a preventive measure to eliminate uneven technological deposits during the construction of the «cast-in-place trench wall» foundation pit enclosing structure.
ASSESSMENT OF RELATIVE PRESSURE IN THE SEWAGE NETWORK COLLECTOR
Authors: Ruchkinova O. I , Diakov P. P , Rossikhin V. Y
Published: August 2020

Sewage networks are one of the main and important urban communications. When sewage move through the collector, harmful gases are released through leaks in wells, penetrate into the residential area of the city and causes a negative impact on the human organism, and also causes chemical deformation of collector and related facilities. One of the gases is hydrogen sulfide, which belongs to the II hazard category. The object of this study is the gravity sewage pipeline of the city, located after the stilling basin, considered in the article as the most problematic, in terms of high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide in the subroof space. The research methods used include the analysis of literature on the topic under study, experimental studies on measuring temperature, atmospheric pressure, studies of the concentration of emitted gases over time in the current collector - collected and systematized data on the constructive characteristics of the collector. Instrumental data on atmospheric air temperature and industrial emissions, atmospheric pressure and pollutant concentrations in industrial emissions of control points of sewage facilities during different seasons of the year are presented. The purpose of the article is to obtain the data necessary for calculating the natural draft depression of the air-gas mixture in the reservoir. According to the results of calculations based on the data collected during the annual period, conclusions are drawn about the absence of natural draft in the drainage collector and the need for taking measures to organize artificial ventilation of the collector, as well as calculating the depression created by the captivating ability of the fluid.
Looking at the Future, Learning from the Past: Current Activities and Upcoming Goals of the European Paediatric Association, the Union of National European Paediatric Societies and Associations
Authors: Mantovani Massimo , Mestrovic Julije , Vural Mehmet , Namazova-Baranova Leyla
Published: August 2020

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On Cucuys in Bird’s Feathers: A Counterstory as Parable
Authors: Martinez Aja
Published: August 2020

This counterstory reviews central topics of mentorship and writing/publishing collaborations as parable. While maintaining pressure on the audience to read/see themselves in the fictional characters within, this counterstory as parable expands the voice, style, citation practice, and genre possibilities for discussions that are difficult to engage due to power imbalances and precarity within the profession for graduate students and junior professors. This counterstory as parable is an invitation to discuss the important topics of mentorship and writing/publishing, particularly for audience members who maintain the power and privilege of working with emerging scholars (i.e. graduate program professors and senior scholars).
Cultural Context of the Pedagogical Thought of Meilė Lukšienė – Intergenerational Transmission of Cultural Heritage Exemplified By Socialisation and Education in Polish Families Inhabiting the Vilnius Region
Authors: Szerląg Alicja
Published: August 2020

Individual and common self-identifications determining their specificity take place in given areas, predominantly the cultural ones. However, what’s crucial is the perspective that conceptualizes such identities. For instance, sense of the national belonging of both individuals and communities constitutes one of such perspectives. It is shaped by various determinants, starting from cultural heritage of a given nation through established social and cultural practices which result from socialization and education at the cultural meeting points. The aim of this article is to present the cultural context of socialization and education exemplified by Polish families living in the Vilnius region with reference to those, among who’s the cultural difference is manifested by their national diversity. The issue that gave rise to this article was the attempt to interpret the cultural context of the pedagogical thought of Meilė Lukšienė, crucial for multicultural discourses within pedagogy.
The Transformation of an Education Institute in Modern Lithuania
Authors: Trakšelys Kęstutis
Published: August 2020

The modernity theories of western-type societies are understood as a process, when a developing society approaches developed societies, reaching a certain level of economic growth, a certain level of public participation or a certain phase of democratic development, giving access for more individuals to the physical, social and economic mobility. In modern societies, the educational institution has become one of the key factors to ensure the stimulating and securing mobility of individuals. The modern world gives the education prominence in modern societies. Education has become a major means to climb up the ladder of social classes. Therefore, education has to be compulsory so that it prevents people from creating social groups that could turn into ones non - integral, excluded from society. The aim of modern society is to provide equal opportunities to everyone to learn and meet the needs of the times. According to the modernity theory the Institution of Education should become the basis of social security protecting the individual from various social risks in the future. According to functionalists, each social element of a society as a whole, including the educational institution, contributes to the stability of society.

Summarizing various descriptions of the concepts of a social institution in the literature one can conclude that social institution is organized associations of people, who perform certain socially important functions through their social roles, or have common goals, values, norms and behavior patterns. Social institutions can be strong or weak, regardless of people‘s trust in them, nor the requirements of social life.

It has been noted that in the scientific literature usually four major social institutions are identified: family, education, religion and politics. The importance of the institutions in society depends upon the times, the country’s political and economic context. The process of Institution-building in social life, acquisition of the well-established values is known as institutionalization. It takes place at all levels of social life, in small groups and large organizations. A greater part of ordinary societal life occurs in specialized institutional situations. Today’s social institutions are quite independent, though they are connected by people, who link themselves to a number of social institutions. Social institutions often compete among each other, for each of them aims at managing the main social functions of society. Family, education, church, and government often compete amid each other openly attempting to influence various groups of society.
Integrating Web 2.0. Tools “Blog” and “Wiki” into Academic Writing Programme at University
Authors: Jasionavičienė Sandra
Published: August 2020

This article presents a new approach towards teaching writing in English. The 21st century learners communicate basically in writing – writing text messages, instant messages, e-mail messages, etc. Every person wants to become and to be an accomplished writer, engaged learner and active participant in the present-day digital and interconnected world. Therefore, educators around the globe started talking about teaching digital writing and the need to change the teaching methods to meet the needs of their learners who are now called digital natives and to reduce the digital divide between teachers and students. That is why, the Web which provides a read-write environment nowadays can be used in the teaching-learning process, especially teaching writing skills. Such Web 2.0 tools as blogs and wikis are seen as providing a great learning space, motivating learners to write and successfully develop their digital writing skills. Besides, these tools provide them with real-life experience, intercultural communication, full participation and interaction not only with the teacher but with other students as well. This way students learn collaboratively which is very important if they want to learn to communicate in the present-day world.
Individualization and Communality in the Context of Vocational Training
Authors: Kanapickaitė Jolanta
Published: August 2020

This article discloses individualization / communality in the studies process of designers, photographers-technologists, engineers, marketing, communications and health care specialists. The research was done in 2009–2012 years of studies in Vilnius college, Kaunas college, International school of law and business, Vilnius Gediminas technical university, Vilnius Art academy, Vilnius college of technologies and design studies programs: marketing, advertisement, marketing and management, creative industries, visual communication, general practice nursing, biomedical diagnostics, hygienic and decorative cosmetics, physical therapy, graphic design, interior design, interactive design and photography technologies, building services, construction, geodesy and cadaster, heating energetic. The aim of this article is to disclose individualization  / communality in the vocational studies process of designers-photographers technologists, engineers, marketing, and communication and health care specialists. Research data showed what communality the general direction of engineers’ and health care specialist vocational is training. And the statistical data analysis revealed the following: artist and manager named individualization as a general direction of vocational training.
Impact of the Assessment of Tenth-Formers’ Achievements in Mathematics on Learning Motivation
Authors: Pečiuliauskienė Palmira , Damauskienė Loreta
Published: August 2020

The enhancement of the attractiveness of the subject of mathematics has currently become a topical problem of education policy. The conducted secondary analysis of the data of national survey (2008) has shown that learners take interest in mathematics, are motivated to learn mathematics and believe that mathematics contributes to learning other subjects, as it is related to their everyday life and prospective professional career.

The secondary comparative analysis of the data of national survey (2006 and 2008) reveals that the assessment of tenth-formers’ achievements (the teacher’s attitude towards learners’ achievements and success) affect learning motivation. Statistically significant correlation coefficient shows that learners appreciate receiving fair assessment, and they understand how to accomplish tasks in order to receive good evaluation from the teacher; the teacher praises learners for their achievements and helps when they experience some difficulties. Hence, the willingness of learners to study mathematics is determined by both the assessment of achievements and mutual understanding of teachers and learners.

Having conducted secondary data analysis of 2008 survey on the learners’ inclination to learn mathematics and the teacher’s influence in enhancing learning motivation, it appears that the strongest statistical correlation is between the activities related to teachers’ professional readiness – the teacher should be able to raise learners’ interest in the taught subject; is able to explain difficult things; encourages to participate in mathematical competitions and Olympiads. The strongest correlation defines the teacher’s professional competency (excellent knowledge of the subject and ability to explain difficult things).
History and Historiography in Early Christian Ireland
Authors: Santos Dominique
Published: August 2020

Despite modern writers noticing the importance of Premodern historiographical phenomena for a deeper comprehension of both Theory of History and History of Historiography, the Irish contribution to the subject is often left aside. Topics such as the Seanchas Tradition and Medieval Irish Classicism are not well integrated into such historiographical narrative. The Seanchaidh, the Irish Artifex of the Past, for example, is broadly mentioned as not a historian, but a chronicler, antiquary, genealogist, hagiographer or pedigree systematizer. This article addresses these issues and, more specifically, we focus on two Irish narratives produced in 7th century by Muirchú and Tírechán. Since they belong to the world of orality and bilingual literacy of Early Christian Ireland, perhaps their works could be understood as bounded by the Seanchas Tradition and Medieval Irish Classicism, hence, both could be considered as great examples of the producers of History and Historiography at the time.
Decolonizar a historiografia medieval
Authors: Rezakhani Khodadad , Vianna Luciano José , Pinto Otávio Luiz Vieira , Bonaldo Rodrigo Bragio
Published: August 2020

Nesta introdução, que apresenta o dossiê da revista História da Historiografia dedicado à Historiografia Medieval, buscamos problematizar o modo como a escrita da história na Idade Média foi conceituada pela sensibilidade histórica ocidental. Desde o século XVIII, com o surgimento do “regime de historicidade moderno” (HARTOG), a historiografia medieval tendeu a ser tratada como anacrônica, fantasiosa, desconcertantemente não confiável, se não essencialmente inexistente. Alternativamente, sugerimos que as representações medievais do passado se tornaram, aos olhos da razão ocidental, “passados subalternos” (CHAKRABARTY). Mas em que medida podemos falar de uma historiografia medieval? A decolonização é uma maneira de pluralizar a consciência histórica para além de um privilégio moderno e ocidental? Ou, por outro lado, inscrever os gêneros narrativos medievais sob o guarda-chuvas genérico de “historiografia” é manobra intelectual que apenas reforça o universalismo? As oito contribuições incluídas neste número da História da Historiografia apontam para possíveis soluções para esses questionamentos. Indo além desse cenário, oferecem um amplo inventário de gêneros e ferramentas analíticas consideradas úteis para enfrentar os desafios levantados pelo engajamento com os passados dos medievais. A diversidade de perspectivas também demonstra como o estudo das representações medievais do passado e seus usos no presente podem mobilizar e fazer coexistir a análise erudita das fontes com abordagens teoricamente orientadas.
Comparative analysis of reinforced concrete tee beams reinforcement methods
Authors: Baldin Danil , Kraev Andrey , Zhaisambaev Erkn
Published: August 2020

Due to the increase in requirements for transport facilities, there is a need to strengthen them. The article is devoted to the analysis of reinforcement methods for load-bearing reinforced concrete structures of transport structures. The author notes in what period of the bridge’s life, it needs reinforcement, what difficulties are associated with reinforcing structures, and what are the main amplification methods that exist today. In order to select the optimal amplification method, it is necessary to carry out verification calculations, study the zone requiring amplification, take into account how many times the load-bearing capacity will increase and whether additional force effects will occur. This article describes the advantages and disadvantages of reinforcing by welding additional reinforcement and bonding composite material. The author calculated the amplification of the extended zone of the T-section reinforced concrete beam of the superstructure with additional reinforcement and composite materials. Based on the calculations made, recommendations have been put forward on the relevance of using one or another method of reinforcing the structure.
Leaf area estimation of Anacardium humile
Authors: Gomes Francielly Rodrigues , Silva Danielle Fabíola Pereira da , Ragagnin Angelita Lorrayne Soares Lima , Souza Pedro Henrique Magalhães de , Cruz Simério Carlos Silva
Published: August 2020

Abstract The Anacardium humile A. St.- Hil. fruit tree has productive potential, being their fruits appreciated in the Cerrado region for having characteristic flavor, however, this species is still exploited in an extractive way, being necessary studies for its domestication. The aim of this work was to estimate the leaf area of Anacardium humile. One hundred leaves were collected in the biological collection from a genetic resources field and evaluated for length, width and fresh weight, and scanned at resolution of 300 dpi to determine the leaf area with the aid of the ImageJ image analysis program. Subsequently, a leaf disc with a diameter of 22.27 mm was detached at the basal portion of each leaf, in which the fresh weight of the discs was obtained. Data were submitted to descriptive analysis and the relationship among the features explained by Pearson’s correlation with the software Rbio. The data were also subjected to regression analysis to explain the relationship between leaf area and measurements of width, length and leaf weight, and to fit the proper statistical model with the software Origin. It was concluded that leaf area can be determined by image analysis software and linear measurements are correlated to leaf area.
AS CONCEPÇÕES DE PRECEPTORES DO SUS SOBRE METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS NA FORMAÇÃO DO PROFISSIONAL DA SAÚDE
Authors: Chianca-Neves Mary Glaucy Brito , Lauer-Leite Iani Dias , Priante Priscila Tavares
Published: August 2020

RESUMO: Este artigo relata a concepção de 15 preceptores de saúde da região Oeste do Pará - que concluíram o Curso de Especialização para Preceptores do SUS - sobre as metodologias ativas de ensino aprendizagem como estratégia de formação do profissional. As informações foram coletadas através da folha de dados sociodemográficos e roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada. Para a análise das entrevistas utilizou-se a técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo - DSC e como resultado verificou-se que para o preceptor de saúde as metodologias ativas são formas de facilitar o aprendizado, são técnicas, instrumentalização, que fazem pensar e raciocinar, possibilitando mudanças na sua prática pedagógica, e na sua maneira de agir frente ao cotidiano da preceptoria.
EDUCAÇÃO DE EXCEPCIONAIS NO PERIÓDICO MENSAGEM DA APAE (1963-1973): UMA PEDAGOGIA PARA A MODELAGEM E AJUSTAMENTO SOCIAL
Authors: BEZERRA GIOVANI FERREIRA , FURTADO ALESSANDRA CRISTINA
Published: August 2020

RESUMO: Neste artigo, discute-se a forma como era representada e tematizada a educação de excepcionais (hoje, pessoas com deficiência intelectual), sob o influxo da Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (Apae), entre as décadas de 1960 e 1970 no Brasil. Para tanto, toma-se o impresso periódico Mensagem da Apae como fonte e objeto de pesquisa, em sua primeira fase de existência (1963-1973), na perspectiva da Nova História Cultural. Pela organização material e textual do impresso, evidencia-se o investimento discursivo como forma de legitimar uma identidade institucional e justificar o trabalho das Apaes com esse público, mediante uma perspectiva pedagógica institucional que visava (re)habilitar, treinar e ajustar o excepcional à sociedade, imputando-lhe uma ocupação laboral, em caráter semiprofissional, desqualificado e repetitivo. Desse modo, a educação ofertada não era um processo consistente de profissionalização, muito menos de escolarização, mas sim uma forma de higiene social. Logo, o foco não estava em formar o cidadão, e, sim, impedir a emergência do delinquente, bem como liberar os pais e familiares que se ocupavam do excepcional para que estes pudessem trabalhar e serem produtivos, com vistas a se impedir a perturbação do progresso nacional e a fomentar uma suposta harmonia do tecido social, em um contexto marcado pelo tecnicismo político-educacional e pela ditadura civil-militar.
The effects of dietary hot pepper Capsicum annuum waste powder supplementation on egg production traits of Japanese quail layers
Authors: Filik Gökhan , Filik Ayşe Gül , Altop Aydın
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) waste supplementation on egg production performance and quality in Japanese quail hens (Coturnix coturnix japonica). A total of 192, seven-week-old Japanese quail layers were divided into 4 treatment groups of similar mean weight (304±0.5 g), each comprising 12 subgroups (including 1 male and 3 females). Treatment birds were fed on experimental basal layer diet supplemented with 1, 2 or 4 g hot pepper waste powder (HPWP) per kg diet. The laying performance was determined by recording feed intake, egg weight, daily egg production, and biweekly egg quality. Results showed that HPWP supplementation to layer diet did not have any significant (P>0.05) effects on body weight and feed conversion ratio, while it had significant effects on feed intake (P<0.01), and laying egg weight, average egg weight, total egg yield (P<0.05). A 2 g HPWP supplementation resulted in the highest total egg yield (P<0.05) with quadratic effects on egg shape index (P<0.05) and albumen pH (P<0.01). According to the values in the study, the egg shape index of 2 g HPWP group was circular and; therefore, attractive to consumers. We highly recommend the non-economic value of 2 g/kg supplementation of hot pepper waste powder, especially for egg production. To conclude, HPWP can be used for quail layer diets due to its beneficial effects on egg quality since it is an economic and easy agricultural by-product obtained from red pepper paste industry waste.
Propriedades Psicométricas da Versão Reduzida da Escala de Percepção de Suporte Social
Authors: Ximenes Verônica Morais , Nepomuceno Bárbara Barbosa , Moura Jr. James Ferreira , Abreu Marcia Kelma de Alencar , Ribeiro Gabriela Oliveira
Published: August 2020

Resumo O suporte social é um processo relacional no qual ajudas informacionais, instrumentais e afetivas são oferecidas por grupos e/ou pessoas, capaz de produzir efeitos positivos no bem-estar, na saúde e no estresse. O estudo avaliou as propriedades psicométricas da versão reduzida da Escala de Percepção de Suporte Social (EPSS) para pessoas que vivem em pobreza. Participaram da pesquisa 1.113 adultos (questionários válidos) com idade média de 42,25 anos (DP = 17,57), homens (29,7%) e mulheres (70,3%), dos estados brasileiros Ceará, Amazonas e Paraná. Realizaram-se análises de confiabilidade, fatoriais exploratória e confirmatória. Verificou-se adequação de estrutura bifatorial do instrumento, além dos índices de confiabilidade e consistência interna. Os fatores apresentam satisfatórias cargas fatoriais e itens agrupados de maneira diferente da escala original. Originalmente compunha-se pelos fatores Suporte Prático e Suporte Emocional, propõe-se nova nomeação para Suporte Cognitivo-Instrumental e Suporte Emocional-Cooperativo. A versão reduzida da EPSS é adequada para populações que vivem em pobreza.
Phytochemical characterization, antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) against multiresistant pathogens
Authors: Silva K. B. , Pinheiro C. T. S. , Soares C. R. M. , Souza M. A. , Matos-Rocha T. J. , Fonseca S. A. , Pavão J. M. S. J. , Costa J. G. , Pires L. L. S. , Santos A. F.
Published: August 2020

Abstract The objective of this work was to perform the phytochemical characterization, to determine total phenols, antioxidant (AAO%) and antimicrobial potential of the ethanolic extracts of carambola. The phytochemical study was carried out through a qualitative analysis of the chemical constituents and quantitative determination of the phenol content By the Folin-Ciocalteu test. Qualitative and quantitative antioxidant tests were performed using the DPPH method (2,2 diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazila) and iron reduction (FRAP). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by microdilution in 96-well plates. The presence of pyrogallic tannins, steroids and saponins has been identified. The highest total phenol content, quantified in the samples, was found in the stem bark (0.0866 mgEAG/g) and in the fruit (0.0734 mgEAG/g). In the antioxidant evaluation, the extracts of the green fruit bagasse (AAO% 71.9%,) and stem bark at 50 μg/mL (AAO% 94%) with CE50 23.7 μg/mL. Leaf extracts, stem bark, ripe fruit bagasse and green fruit bagasse presented MICs of 100 μg/mL against multiresistant pathogenic bacteria and fungi.
Clinical, epidemiological and climatic factors related to the occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic area in northeastern Brazil
Authors: Oliveira R. S. , Pimentel K. B. A. , Moura M. L. , Aragão C. F. , Guimarães-e-Silva A. S. , Bezerra J. M. T. , Melo M. N. , Pinheiro V. C. S.
Published: August 2020

Abstract Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease with a wide distribution in the Americas. Brazil is an endemic country and present cases in all states. This study aimed to describe the occurrence, the underlying clinical and epidemiological factors, and the correlation of climatic variables with the frequency of reported CL cases in the municipality of Caxias, state of Maranhão, Brazil. This is a retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study based on data extracted from the Brazilian Information System of Diseases Notification, from 2007 to 2017. Maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, and relative air humidity data were provided by the Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology. A total of 201 reported autochthonous CL cases were analyzed. The predominance of cases was observed in males (70.1%). The age range between 31 and 60 years old was the most affected, with 96 cases (47.9%). Of the total number of registered cases, 38.8% of the affected individuals were engaged in agriculture-related activities. The georeferenced distribution revealed the heterogeneity of disease occurrence, with cases concentrated in the Western and Southern regions of the municipality. An association was detected between relative air humidity (monthly mean) and the number of CL cases per month (p = 0.04). CL continues to be a concerning public health issue in Caxias. In this context, there is a pressing need to strengthen measures of prevention and control of the disease through the network of health services of the municipality, considering local and regional particularities.