bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical properties dependence on the modulation period in multilayered TiN/ZrN coatings
Authors: Cholakova T M , Kolaklieva L P , Bahchedjiev Hr P , Kakanakov R D , Ranguelov B , Hristeva N T
Published: June 2020

This article presents results from a study on the properties of nanostructured multilayered TiN/ZrN coatings with different modulation periods deposited by cathodic-arc evaporation from Ti and Zr targets in nitrogen atmosphere on high-speed steel substrates. The thickness of the TiN-ZrN bilayers varied from 12 nm to 52 nm depending on the rotation speed of the holder. In order to investigate the effect of heat treatment on the mechanical and structural properties, the multilayer ZrN/TiN coatings were annealed in Ar atmosphere at different temperatures for two hours. The surface morphology, elemental composition, nano-hardness and adhesion strength of the as-deposited and annealed coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy complemented with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, and nanoindentation and micro-scratch tests. The results obtained show that the mechanical properties of multilayer TiN/ZrN coatings are considerably improved in comparison to those of the monolayer ZrN and TiN coatings.
Atomic layer deposition of AlN using trimethylaluminium and ammonia
Authors: Beshkova M , Deminskyi P , Pedersen H , Yakimova R
Published: June 2020

Thin AlN films were grown in a Picosun R-200 atomic layer deposition (ALD) reactor on Si substrates. Trimethylaluminium (TMA) and NH3 were used as precursors; the substrates were cleaned in-situ by H2 and N2 plasma. The surface morphology of the films grown was studied in the temperature range 350 – 450 °C. The films’ crystalline structure was investigated by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. The AlN films were polycrystalline with a hexagonal wurtzite structure regardless of the substrate temperature.

The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed nanometer-sized crystallites, with the size increasing from 10 nm to 30 nm as the deposition temperature was increased. The results are promising in view of further studies of the properties of thin AlN films.
Structural and optical properties of thin TiO2:C films – influence of the substrate-erosion zone radial distance
Authors: Angelov Orlin
Published: June 2020

The structural and optical properties were studied of thin TiO2:C films deposited on glass substrates by r.f. magnetron co-sputtering of a TiO2 target and carbon plates placed on its erosion zone in an atmosphere of Ar (0.5 Pa) + air(0.6 Pa). The total area of the carbon plates was 830 mm2, and the radial distance between the center of the glass substrates (15×25×1 mm) and the circle of the erosion zone with a maximum sputtering rate was 2 cm and 4 cm. The as-deposited and annealed (air, 400 °C, 1 h) thin films with a thickness of about 150 nm were studied via reflectance and transmittance measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), grazing incidence X-ray diffractometry (GI XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The optical spectra of the thin films deposited at the higher radial distance from the erosion zone maximum demonstrated absorption in the visible range. The XRD patterns revealed a mix of amorphous and nano-crystalline anatase and rutile TiO2 phases in all thin films. The reflections of the experimental XRD patterns indicated the presence of tensile stress in the grains. The Raman spectra confirmed the nano-crystalline structure of the anatase and rutile phases of the films. The incorporation is discussed of C atoms in the TiO2 films.
Tribological properties of aluminium reinforced by TiCN nanosized powder
Authors: Kolev M , Valkov S , Lazarova R , Petrov P , Dimitrova R , Dyakova V
Published: June 2020

The work is aimed at investigating the tribological properties of aluminium surface modified by electron beam with TiCN nanoparticles as a reinforcing phase. In the course of study, the microstructure is observed and the surface of treated and untreated specimens are tested and compared in order to determine the influence of the reinforcing TiCN phase on the coefficient of friction, the friction force, and the linear mass wear. The tribological properties are evaluated by the pin-on-disk technique in a lubricating medium. The TiCN nanoparticles embedded in the aluminium matrix are obstacles to any dislocation motion, which improves the tribological properties of the samples’ surfaces. The acting wear mechanisms are discussed.
Charged Kaons semi-leptonic form factors from NA48/2
Authors: Lamanna G
Published: June 2020

The NA48/2 experiment collected unprecedent statistics of charged kaon decays in 2003 and 2004. The main purpose of the experiment was to measure direct CP violation in kaon decays to three pions while an extensive physics program was carried out together with the main goal. The huge statistics collected allowed to test with a high accuracy the predictions of low energy QCD theories in several charged kaon decay processes. The precise measurement of the charged kaon semileptonic form factors are reported here, based on data collected in 2004 with a dedicated minimum bias trigger.
Theoretical status of ε
′/ε
Authors: Cirigliano V , Gisbert H , Pich A , Rodríguez-Sánchez A
Published: June 2020

We briefly overview the historical controversy around Standard Model predictions of ε
′/ε and clarify the underlying physics. A full update of this important observable is presented, with all known short- and long-distance contributions, including isospin-breaking corrections. The current Standard Model prediction, Re(ε
′/ε) = (14 ± 5) · 10−4 [1, 2], is in excellent agreement with the experimentally measured value.
Status and perspectives of Lepton Flavour Violation experiments with muons.
Authors: Cei F
Published: June 2020

Lepton Flavour Violation effects are predicted in several extensions of the Standard Model at a measurable level. Since the Standard Model background, even including ν oscillations and mixing, is completely negligible, the observation of such effects would be a strong evidence for New Physics beyond the Standard Model, while a non observation with high precision experiments would put severe constraints on possible Standard Model extensions. In this talk I review the present status and the future perspectives of the Lepton Flavour Violation experiments involving µ’s and discuss the sensitivity improvements which could be obtained from new high intensity machines coupled with high resolution detectors.
Structural and Dielectric Properties of Bi-Zn Substituted Calcium Copper Titanate (CCTO)
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Mohammed J. , Tchouank Tekou Carol T. , Mukhtar G. , Halilu N. , Adamu I. A. , Maji Pradip. K. , Basandrai Deepak. , Srivastava A. K.
Published: June 2020

Calcium copper titanate (CCTO), an electroceramic with giant dielectric constant is useful in supercapacitor, microwave absorption, shielding of electromagnetic interference, and high frequency application. Bi3+-Zn2+ substituted CCTO with chemical composition Ca1-xBixCu3Ti4-xZnxO12 (0.0<x<0.2) was fortified using sol-gel auto combustion technique and were characterized using XRD, FESEM, and impedance analyser. XRD confirms the formation of CCTO phase with some traces of CuO and CaTiO3 phase. FESEM micrograph shows particles shapes close to cubic shape.
Synthesis and Characterization of Magnesium Doped ZnO Using Chemical Route
Authors: Abhijith A R , Srivastava A.K. , Srivastava Amar
Published: June 2020

Mg-doped zinc oxide (Zn1-xMgxO) (0<x<0.8) nanostructure material is synthesized via a coprecipitation method using chemical route for application in sensing devices. The X-ray diffraction performed for analysis, confirms the growth of pure ZnO phase. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) suggest the pure phase formation of ZnO. FTIR spectra also shows the presence of bands associated with CO2 gas molecules and moisture present in the atmosphere. The formation of ZnO with no traces of Mg effect visible shift in XRD peak suggests the sample preparation process does not allow enough time to form a nanocomposite of Zn1-xMgxO.
Second Harmonic Generation by ultra-fast Lasers in Plasma.
Authors: Dua Harleen Kaur , Kant Niti , Thakur Vishal
Published: June 2020

The interaction of laser with plasma gives rise to several novel relativistic nonlinear optical effects. Higher harmonic generation is an important nonlinear effect. High power ultrafast lasers uses chirped pulse amplification technique to reduce duration of pulse and hence produces pulses of extremely high power densities which in turn oscillates electrons in the medium. The velocity of oscillating electron beats with applied frequency giving rise to higher order harmonics. This paper presents the idea of generation of second harmonic waves with the ultra-fast lasers in plasma, phase matching conditions of second harmonic generated by self modulation under paraxial approximations and its application in imaging microscopy.
Particle-in-Cell simulation of an Ion Gun
Authors: Somu Pradeep , Moulick R.
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we intend to study the plasma profiles at the exit of an ion gun. Ion guns are close to the electrostatic ion thrusters. The ions are allowed to escape through an electrostatic potential difference of 100 V. The plasma density is considered to be a variable. A code is employed, based on Particle-in-cell method to study the plasma behavior at the exit of the ion gun. The code is written in 2D (r, z) coordinates. Initially, the ion velocities are sampled out of a Maxwellian distribution. However, the velocity evolves under the electrostatic potential difference with time. Computationally a sparse gridding is assumed. Various plasma profiles such as the density of ions and maximum z-directional velocity are calculated. The maximum z-velocity has been found to be on the order of 20 km/sec.
Theoretical Study of Signature-splitting and Signature-inversion in Doubly-odd Nuclei in A∼80 Mass Region
Authors: Verma Preeti , Khosa S.K.
Published: June 2020

Projected Shell model calculations have been performed using the angular-momentum projected two-quasiparticle states with the employment of a simple quadrupole-quadrupole + monopole–Pairing + quadrupole-pairing Hamiltonian to study the nuclear structure properties of doubly-odd 80Br and 82Rb isotones. The present calculations reproduce reasonably well the available experimental data on the yrast bands and also predict the new high spin states in these nuclei, where current data are still sparse. The phenomena of Signature-splitting and Signature–inversion have also been studied in detail within the context of Projected Shell Model.
Production of Terahertz Radiations by Short Pulse Lasers
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Kant Niti , Vij Shivani , Mehta Alka , Thakur Vishal
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we develop an analytical formalism for THz generation from Laser filaments in the presence of static electric field in the magnetized collisional plasma. Two femtosecond laser pulses with different frequencies undergo filamentation in magnetized collisional plasma to have non-linear coupling in the presence of transverse static electric field. This results in balancing action of static ponderomotive force with pressure gradient force and forms transverse density ripple and non-linear ponderomotive force couple with density ripple to provide strong non-linear transverse current which results in excitation of THz Radiations at resonance. This coupling is further enhanced by electric static field.
Hydrogen sulfide gas sensing properties of SnO2 thin films prepared by thermal evaporation technique
Authors: Kumar Rajesh
Published: June 2020

It is well known that the doped SnO2 thin films are widely used as H2S gas sensors. But the application of pure SnO2 thin films as sensors for different gases is not much explored area. In this paper an attempt has been made to prepare thin films of pure SnO2 with simple and cost-effective technique such as reactive thermal evaporation and use them for application as sensors for H2S gas. These thin films show marginal sensor signal for 5-150 ppm of H2S gas in the temperature range of 160 – 220 °C.
Molecular interactions in ternary system of ethane-1, 2-diol with methanol and methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate at 298 K: An acoustic approach
Authors: Thakur Ashima , Kaur Harsimran , Nabaparna  , Juglan K.C. , Kumar Harsh
Published: June 2020

Density, speed of sound and viscosity of ethane-1,2-diol, methanol and methyl 4- hydroxybenzoate (methylparaben) at different concentrations and at constant temperature T=298K have been measured by Anton Paar DSA 5000 M density and velocity meter and Ostwald’s viscometer respectively. Experimentally measured values of density, speed of sound and viscosity are employed to calculate different ultrasonic parameters like impedance, adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, acoustic attenuation, relaxation time, relative association, relative strength, and Gibb’s free energy. Graphs for each acoustical parameter against concentration are plotted with the help of Origin. The linear variation is found for most of the acoustic parameters which implies the absence of complex formation in ternary system studied.
Acoustic and viscometric studies of ternary liquid mixtures of aqueous sodium methyl p-hydroxybenzoate with polyethylene glycols at 250C
Authors: Thakur Ashima , Juglan K.C. , Kumar Harsh
Published: June 2020

The various ultrasonic parameters like acoustic impedance, adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, relaxation time, relative association, attenuation and Gibb’s free energy of polyethylene glycols with molecular weight 200 and 600 in aqueous sodium methyl para-hydroxybenzoate is evaluated at 250C from the density, speed of sound and viscosity. Jone-Dole’s equation has been employed to analyze the experimental results of viscosity. The existence of interaction among the fragments of ternary liquid mixtures has been determined from viscosity coefficients. The polyethylene glycols act as the structure builder in water. The viscosity coefficient B surges with escalation in molecular mass of polyethylene glycols. The structure builder property of polyethylene glycols follows the order PEG-600 > PEG-200.
Effect of pulsed magnetic field on electron acceleration due to plasma wave generated by plane polarised laser
Authors: Bukhari Syed Shakir Ashraf Shah , Kant Niti , Rajput Jyoti
Published: June 2020

Electron acceleration due to plasma wakefield generated by plane polarised laser field in the presence of pulsed magnetic field has been investigated. Laser propagation is considered in transverse direction to the plasma wave. The electron gets trapped in the plasma wakefield and excited in the combined effect of plasma and laser fields. The pulsed magnetic field induces a resonant effect and contributes to additional gain in the electron energy. Laser, plasma and applied magnetic field parameters are optimized to achieve high energy gain.
Non linear surface plasma wave assisted electron acceleration in metal structure
Authors: Kaur Kanwal Gurbakhsish , Kumar Pawan , Kant Niti , Rajput Jyoti
Published: June 2020

The electron dynamics is realized by the field of surface plasma waves, which are created by the interaction of a femto-second laser and a metal sheet of finite thickness. The amplitude of surface plasma wave is maximum at the interface of two media and starts decays exponentially as we move far from the boundary. The applied magnetic field (along y-axis) is utilized to bend the trajectory of electron and helps the electron to gain energy by resonance between electron, magnetic and SPW fields and as a result, the electron gets accelerated.
Electron acceleration by cosh-Gaussian laser beam in the presence of axial magnetic field
Authors: Singh Jitender , Rajput Jyoti , Kant Niti
Published: June 2020

The present study was conducted to determine electron acceleration by cosh-Gaussian laser beam (CGLB) and axial magnetic field. CGLB possesses higher power and has ability to focus earlier than the Gaussian beam. Nonlinear differential equations are derived for CGLB for energy and velocity. The dependence of electron energy gained for different values of laser intensity parameter ‘ao’ has been graphically plotted. It is examined that both laser and axial magnetic field significantly affects the electron energy.
Photonic crystal fibers and its applications in gas sensing-a review
Authors: Mukherjee Suman , Ashish Chouhan P S
Published: June 2020

For last couple of decades scientists and engineers made a significant progress in fabricating and developing photonic crystal fibers that show some of the very unique properties and because of this, photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have the potential to revolutionize the fiber optic industry in way never happens before. These types of fibers are fabricated and designed on the scale of optical wavelength, a fraction of a micrometer or less. One of the many applications of photonic crystal fibers is the sensing of gas and consequently it could be used as a gas sensor. Many scientists have already reported the use of PCFs as a gas sensor. In this review article, the work done by other scientists using photonic crystal fibers as a gas sensor have been reported. We have also talked about the future applications of PCFs as a gas sensor in different industry.
Radon Concentration in Chandigarh, India using LR-115 detector
Authors: Gewali Jeeban Pd , Singh Manmeet , Kaur Navneet , Kaur Kamaljit , Thakur Ankush , Jaishy Bimla , Saxena Atul
Published: June 2020

Radon monitoring has become a global phenomenon due to its health hazards. Mostly LR-115 detectors are being used to obtain the concentration levels of radon/thoron and their daughters. Studies have reported of the total exposure of radon to human being indor radon accounts for more than 50%. So study of radon in different region gains significance. In this paper we have studied the indoor radon concentration in various localities of Chandigarh a union territory and capital town of Punjab, India. We also compared the result with all India radon concentration level and WHO/UNSCEAR effective dose limit.
Magnetic Field Assisted Electron Acceleration Due To Inverse Free Electron Laser
Authors: Agarwal Shubham , Kant Niti , Rajput Jyoti
Published: June 2020

Electron acceleration by an Inverse Free Electron Laser (IFEL) pulse in the presence of static magnetic field has been studied. With high intensity laser and plasma interaction, plasma wakefield can be excited which can be further utilized to accelerate injected electrons. Highly energetic laser interacting with plasma excites a wakefield in which injected relativistic electrons are trapped. The presence of static magnetic field provides the additional resonance to the trapped electrons, and the energy of laser is transferred to electrons effectively thereby, resulting in highly energetic electrons of higher energy gain.
Rayleigh waves with impedance boundary conditions in a non local micropolar thermoelastic material
Authors: Singh Kulwinder , Shruti
Published: June 2020

The present paper analyzes the propagation of Rayleigh waves in a non-local micropolar thermoelastic half space with impedance boundary conditions. Dispersion equation of Rayleigh wave propagation with impedance boundary conditions is obtained and the effect of impedance and non local parameters are studied. Dispersion equation of Rayleigh waves for a micropolar thermoelastic half space with impedance boundary as well as traction free half-space is obtained as a particular case. The non-dimensional speed of Rayleigh wave is computed as a function of impedance parameters and presented graphically for a aluminum epoxy material. It is observed that non local and impedance parameters has significant effects on Rayleigh wave speed.
Impact of Industry on the Forest Resources
Authors: Kaur Rajinder Pal
Published: June 2020

In this manuscript, a two-dimensional mathematical model consisting of forest biomass and industry is proposed and analyzed. In this dynamical system, the impact of the industry has been studied for the conservation of forests. It is assumed that industry consumes forests for its development and the government has a check on the industry to conserve biomass. The local stability and bifurcation analysis of the model have been studied. We have carried out the Hopf-bifurcation analysis by considering government control as a bifurcation parameter. All analytical results are properly validated by numerical simulation.
A two-state multiserver retrial queueing model with balking
Authors: Singla Neelam , Kalra Sonia
Published: June 2020

This paper discusses a two-state multiserver retrial queueing system with balking. Entering customer is admitted to join any idle server and receive his service immediately. On the other hand, if all the servers are busy, then the entering customer joins the orbit or balks from the system. Arrival of primary calls and repetition of repeating calls both follow Poisson distribution. Service times of each server follow exponential distribution. By solving the difference-differential equations recursively, we obtained transient probabilities of exact number of arrivals and exact number of departures at when all some or none servers are busy. Results for particular cases are also discussed.
Analysis of various reliability parameters for rice industry
Authors: Kumar P , Kumar A
Published: June 2020

The present study deals with the analysis of various parameters in view of reliability for a manufacturing plant namely rice manufacturing plant, for considered conditions as well as availability during the season for the regenerating Markov model. The Laplace transformation has been used to simplify and for the explicit expressions of Availability, Reliability, MTTF. The numerical illustrations have been carried out for the data available in the literature. The profit analysis, sensitivity analysis carried out for the considered model.
The Study of Combined Effect of Delay Induced by Acid and Toxic Metal on Plant Population: A Modeling Approach
Authors: Kalra P , Kumar P
Published: June 2020

A mathematical framework is put forward to study the combined effect of acid and toxic metal on plant population growth with delay. It is supposed that the rate at which the nutrient is taken up by the plant from the soil is adversely affected in the excessive availability of acid and toxic metal. It is also observed that the concentration of nutrient and the plant population density decreases due to the presence of acid and toxic metal. This effect is shown by considering the delay in state variable: favourable resources. The stability of the system gets disturbed by the introduction of delay parameter. For the critical value of delay parameter, Hopf bifurcation is also seen. The sensitivity of model solutions for different values of model parameters is established using sensitivity analysis. MATLAB code is used for simulation.
A new generalization of bi-periodic Jacobsthal polynomials
Authors: Bala Ankur , Verma Vipin
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we have introduced a new generalization of Jacobsthal polynomial (bi-periodic Jacobsthal polynomial), have obtained Binet’s formula, generating function, well-known Cassini’s, Catalan’s and d’Ocagne’s Identities and some more results related to this polynomial.
A comprehensive survey on prime graphs
Authors: Parthiban A. , Dayal Ram
Published: June 2020

This article presents a short and concise survey on prime graphs. The field of graph theory plays a vital role in various fields. One of the important areas in graph theory is graph labeling used in many applications like “coding theory, x - ray crystallography, radar, astronomy, circuit design, communication network addressing, and data base management”. An assignment of integers to the vertices or edges or to both of a graph G(V,E) subject to certain constraints is called a graph labeling. The notion of “prime labeling” was originated by Entringer and considered in a paper by Tout, Dabboucy, and Howalla. A bijection f:V(G) → {1,2,3,…,|V|} is called a prime labeling of G if for each edge e = st, GCD(f(s),f(t)) = 1. where GCD denotes the greatest common divisor. We call G a prime graph if it admits a prime labeling. This article stands divided into six sections. The first and sixth sections are reserved respectively for introduction and a few important references. Sections 2, 3, and 4, respectively deal with the prime labeling of certain classes of graphs such as path, cycle, complete graph, complete bipartite graph, bipartite graphs, join and product graphs, wheel related graphs etc. wherein some known results of high importance have been recalled. The fifth section deals with the enumeration of conjectures and open problems in respect of prime labeling that still remain unsolved.
FOURIER SERIES INVOLVING A-FUNCTION AND JACOBI POLYNOMIAL
Authors: Kishore Kamal
Published: June 2020

Mathematically, special functions are functions defined on R or C and they possess not only series representations, but also integral representations. In the study of boundary value problems and special functions, Fourier series for generalized hypergeometric functions plays a vital role. The role of certain double Fourier series of generalized hypergeometric functions in the improvement of the theories of boundary value problems of dimension two and special functions can not be denied. In this paper, looking into the importance of Fourier series we have derived two integrals involving A-Function. Then we have used these integrals along with orthogonal property of Jacobi Polynomials to find the required Fourier Series.
A Numerical study of the unsteady flow of two immiscible micro polar and Newtonian fluids through a horizontal channel using DQM with B-Spline basis function
Authors: Katta Ramesh , Chandrawat Rajesh Kumar , Joshi Varun
Published: June 2020

In this paper the differential quadrature method, using cubic B-spline basis function is applied to get numerical solution for the unsteady flow of two immiscible micro polar and Newtonian fluids through a horizontal channel. This numerical technique is not only subsequently easy to enforce but also inexpensive in phrases of data complexity. The two immiscible micro-polar and Newtonian fluids were taken into account as combined partial differential equations. For fluid velocity and micro rotation regarding different fluid parameter sets, empirical outcomes are obtained. The analysis of results is discussed in three situations, with constant, periodic and decreasing pressure gradient. The effects of admissible fluid parameters i.e. Reynolds number, ratio of viscosities, micro polarity parameter and time on fluid velocities, micro rotation and volume flow rate have been illustrated through graphs. The outcomes in terms of volume flow rate across the channel for fluid velocities with different fluid parameters are addressed.
Study of Performance Enhancement of Single and Double Pass Solar Air Heater with Change in Surface Roughness
Authors: Dogra S , Jilte Dr. R D , Sharma A
Published: June 2020

The performance of Solar Air heaters can be enhanced by placing ribs of different geometries over the absorber plate which increases turbulence and thereby increasing its heat transfer and friction factor characteristics. It has been reported by various researchers that Double pass solar air heaters are more efficient than single pass solar air heaters in terms of its Thermal performance. It is also reported that using discrete ribs over the absorber plate in place of continuous ribs gives more heat transfer. The present paper gives us the details of various artificial roughness provided over the absorber plate to increase turbulence. This paper gives a brief overview of various researches done on Single as well as Double pass solar air heaters in terms of its Thermal and Thermohydraulic efficiencies along with Nusselt Number and Friction Factor enhancement.
Induced Alterations in the Aggregation Behavior and Thermodynamic Properties of Anionic Surfactant Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate (STS) in presence of Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquid in Aqueous Media: A Conductometric Study
Authors: Kumar Harsh , Kaur Gagandeep
Published: June 2020

Surfactants can be considered as an important class of chemical species having a polar head and non-polar tail, which make it capable to be utilized in many industrial formulations such as coatings, paints, lubricants, and cosmetics, etc. Also, ionic liquids, which are actually molten salts, are also having many useful properties such as negligible vapor pressure, high thermal stability, etc. They can modify the physiological as well as aggregation properties of conventional surfactants according to our desire. The mixtures of ionic liquids with a surfactant are found to be better systems for many industrial applications than individual ones. Thus the micellization behavior of sodium tetradecyl sulfate STS is investigated in the presence of 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide [C3mim][Br] in aqueous media. For this, ionic liquid 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide [C3mim][Br] is synthesized in our lab. Then the conductivity measurement is done to determine the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of sodium tetradecyl sulfate STS in the absence and presence of (0.02, 0.05 and 0.1) wt. %, of 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide [C3mim][Br] in aqueous medium at three different temperatures i.e. (298.15, 303.15 and 308.15) K. The results are then utilized to find the thermodynamic parameters of micellization such as, standard free energy of micellization, standard enthalpy of micellization, and standard entropy of micellization, which are important to understand the driving force behind the process of micellization.
Study on Interactions Between Imidazolium Based Surface Active Ionic Liquid and Drug at Different Temperature and Concentrations
Authors: Kumar Harsh , Sharma Pooja
Published: June 2020

The present study aims to investigate the molecular interactions of surface active ionic liquid (IL), 1-pentadecyl-3 methyl imidazolium bromide [C15mim]Br with drug chloramphenicol in aqueous solution. For this the conductivity measurements have been employed to indicate [C15mim]Br –chloramphenicol interactions. The evaluation of Micellar and interfacial parameters such as critical micelle concentration and various thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy of micellization, standard entropy of micellization and standard enthalpy of micellization has been carried out.
Synthesis and characterization of a series of phenyl piperazine based ligands
Authors: Kant Rishi , Kaur Tanjot , Hilal Zanib , Aggarwal Nidhi , Maji Suman
Published: June 2020

Piperazine based compounds are gaining more attention in today’s research as the piperazine nucleus is found in many biologically active compounds. Substitution in nitrogen atom of piperazine with a suitable fragment containing donor atoms, make it unique for versatile binding possibilities with metal ion. Piperazine derived ligands and their metal complexes have shown applications in different fields like antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihistaminic, anticancer, DNA binding and protein binding, catalyst in ring opening polymerization (ROP), etc. Metal-organic framework derived from piperazine based ligands has also been reported in the literature. This paper presents the synthesis, and characterization of a series of piperazine based ligands. The asymmetrical ligands have been synthesized by cyclization of bis-chloroethyl amine with suitable amine. Some of the representative metal complexes are also synthesized and characterized.
Synthesis and thermal analysis of polyaniline (PANI)
Authors: Kumar Anil , Kumar Amit , Mudila Harish , awasthi Kamlendra , Kumar Vinod
Published: June 2020

An attempt was taken to prepare polyaniline (PANI) using chemical oxidative polymerization method with surfactant i.e sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) followed by treating with HCI and NH4OH dopants. Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) techniques were used for the characterization studies. The electrical conductivity of polyaniline was measured using two probe method. Raman spectroscopy results confirm the formation of an emeraldine oxidation state of PANI. Thermal analysis of polyaniline up to 700°C was investigated using thermo gravimetric analysis technique.
Phytochemical Investigation and Antimicrobial Characterization of High Altitude medicinal plant Rhododendron arboreum Smith from Uttarakhand Himalaya
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Pathak Akansha , Kathuria Shubham , Kumar Rishendra
Published: June 2020

Context: Despite some studies related to the Rhododendron arboreum, phytochemical analysis remained unexplored. Potential cytotoxic, antibacterial and enzyme inhibitory activities relevant to traditional knowledge system were examined and LC-MS was performed to investigate the chemical composition. Material and Methods: The chemical composition of two fractions in ratio of 70:30 and 50:50 in methanol were determined by Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS). Antioxidant activity of methanol extract of both sample were determined by DPPH, FRAP and antibacterial assay were investigated. Results and Discussion: The main constituents were cis- retinoic acid, phytol, kempferol-3,4,7-tri-O-sulfate, 6-β-D-xylopyranosylluteolin, mucronulatol. Fraction second exhibit strong antioxidant and antibacterial activity (IC50 = 20.1μg/mL) compared to the ascorbic acid and BHT as well as highest FRAP (IC50 = 28.4μg/mL). The flavonoid were identified in these fractions using LC-MS analysis as quercetin O-β-glycoside. Conclusion: This study provides scientific report to uses of R. arboreum found in North India. Thus, the present study showed that the flowers contain bioactive compounds with good antioxidant activity for pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical applications.
Process Design For Removal of Heavy Metals By A Bio-sorbent Trickle Bed System: A Proof of Concept
Authors: Kumar Prashant , Asthana Sudeep , Purty Ram Singh , Chatterjee Sayan
Published: June 2020

Most heavy metals are well-known toxic and carcinogenic agents and when discharged into the wastewater represent a serious threat to the human population and the fauna and flora of the receiving water bodies. The development of a novel biofilter was aimed in this project. The various parameters of the biofiltration processes, their mechanism for heavy metals removal along with the efficiency of the biofilters and its scale up aspects have been studied. The work was targeted towards removal of Iron (Fe) and Chromium (Cr), two very common contaminant in urban as well as rural ground water. These are also found in industrial spent waters. The efficiency of the biofiltration process for heavy metals removal have been critically analysed. In a proof-of-concept study, a laboratory-scale closed biofilter system employing the trickle bed process was operated to remove Iron (Fe) and Chromium (Cr) from a synthetic waste water sample at a load of 1000mg/L of the heavy metal. Gravel, citrus peels and spent tea leaves after proper pre-treatment was used as filter media. Depth profile analysis of the filter bed showed the reduction of a steep gradient of Iron and Chromium from the top layer to the bottom layer of filter media in the biofilter. Iron and Chromium level at the bottom of the biofilter decreased over 85% over a period of 6-8 hours of experiment. With these observations we have scaled up the process from a 0.050 L to 15.0 L operating volume. The results were consistent.
Text Analysis of Cross-border E-commerce Policy Based on Co-word Clustering Method: A Case Study of Gansu Province
Authors: Wang Yuzhen , Li Jiaru
Published: June 2020

Taking the cross-border e-commerce policy texts introduced in the past five years as the research object, the co-word clustering method is used to divide the policy texts into four categories, and the content is analyzed based on the theory of the ecosystem. The study found that Gansu Province currently has unbalanced cross-border e-commerce policy structures, insufficient specific policies issued by prefecture-level city governments, and weak linkages among government departments in issuing policies. Therefore, the relevant departments need to further improve the cross-border e-commerce policy in response to the above issues, so as to promote the high-quality development of cross-border e-commerce in Gansu Province.
Autocorrelation and limited sampling algorithm with fixed packet length in period measurement
Authors: Ding Yizhou , Li Zirui
Published: June 2020

This paper proposed a real time autocorrelation and limited sampling algorithm with fixed packet length based on Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA) for the period estimation and significant data transmission for arbitrary periodic signal, which contributes to information transfer in the Internet of things for smart sensors, and has a wide applications such as radar, communication, sensors network and measurement. Firstly, an explanation of the algorithm is shown. Secondly, several simulation results are analyzed. Finally, experimental and hardware implementation results are shown.
Research on Robot Dynamic Handling System Based on Machine Vision and Online Tracking Technology
Authors: Liu Zhicheng , Bian Shaoshun , Zhang Bin , Lu Zongxue , Zhou Pengzhong , Lai Lin
Published: June 2020

In this paper, a set of dynamic handling control system based on Fanuc robot is designed and studied, in which the conveyor line positioning mechanism, industrial robot and stability mechanism are connected together by Siemens 1500 PLC as the main control unit. The machine vision and Fanuc robot tracking function are used to make dynamic visual photographs of the robot, which compensates for the deviation of the hanging rod and increases the success rate of the moving product. The monotonous and repeated manual labor can be solved, and the production efficiency and production quality of the enterprise can be improved by replacing the artificial handling with the robot handling.
Research on Beidou B1C Signal Joint Tracking Algorithm Based on Pseudo Correlation Function
Authors: Hao Wenjie , Gong Wenfei
Published: June 2020

The Beidou B1C signal is a new type of navigation signal used by the Beidou III system. Compared with traditional satellite navigation signals, this navigation signal has two significant characteristics: one is the use of BOC(Binary-Offset-Carrier) modulation, and the other is the separation of the data channel and the pilot channel. BOC modulation has multi-peak characteristics, which leads to ambiguity in tracking, while the PCF(Pseudo-Correlation-Function) algorithm can eliminate related secondary peaks of the BOC signal; the separation of the data channel and the pilot channel results in the dispersion of signal energy. Therefore, based on the PCF algorithm, this paper proposes a linear joint tracking algorithm suitable for B1C signals from the perspective of engineering applications. Finally, it is verified that the tracking accuracy of the proposed algorithm is better than the single-component PCF tracking algorithm.
Evaluation of deep learning models for Urdu handwritten characters recognition
Authors: Jiang Weiwei
Published: June 2020

As a classical and significant problem, handwritten character recognition has been widely used in our daily lives. With recent deep learning methods, previous studies have achieved a great improvement for this problem in the past few years. However, the handwritten character recognition for Urdu, which is one of the largest languages of the world, is less studied in the existing literature. In this paper, we fill in this gap and evaluate different deep learning models on the problem of Urdu handwritten characters recognition based on a newly released dataset. Combined with data augmentation and transfer learning techniques, we achieve the state-of-the-art results by recognizing digits and characters with an accuracy of 98.94% and 99.08%, respectively, which greatly improves the baselines of 97% and 86.5%.
The combined algorithm of aluminum-electrolytic cell voltage collection based on Kalman filter
Authors: Deng Lianwen , Liu Guotao , Zhao Yan , Jang Haibing
Published: June 2020

This paper proposes a combined cell voltage acquisition algorithm based on Kalman filtering, which is used to solve the problem of insufficient cell voltage acquisition and high delay in the current aluminum electrolysis process. This algorithm is based on Kalman filtering, and uses the mean square error of the data to represent the Gaussian white noise power of the collected and predicted values. It has strong tracking performance in the state of stable voltage. The voltage acquisition data out of the interval is comply to first-order inertial filtering, to replace the voltage sampling value, and then using the Kalman filtering algorithm to calculate the filtering gain, to ensure that the combined algorithm can filter out the influence of noise when the cell voltage fluctuates greatly, and in the stable process of electrolysis, the convergence of battery voltage can be tracked quickly. The simulation results show that compared with the first-order inertial filter, the improved Kalman filter reduces the root mean square error by 50% when the voltage is stable, and reduces the convergence time by 50% after the electrolytic cell regenerates needle vibration and swing.
A group target tracking algorithm based on topology
Authors: Zhang Yingjing , Liu Mingyang , Liu Xin , Wu Tianhao
Published: June 2020

For dense individual targets, their close distances may cause gates overlap, which impairs the tracking performance. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a group target tracking algorithm based on topology. Firstly, the targets are grouped based on their positions and velocities. Note that group targets have more stable tracks compared with individual targets. Then, for the targets in the group, data association based on topology for dense individual targets is achieved, considering relative positions of targets are stable. Finally, the simulation experiments are conducted to evaluate the proposed algorithm. The simulation results show that the group target tracking algorithm based on topology improves the association performance compared with the traditional Hungarian algorithm.
Analysis decision-making system for aquaculture water quality based on deep learning
Authors: Su Jing , Chen Jiahong , Wen Jiawei , Xie Wende , Lin Mingjie
Published: June 2020

The quality of water is a key factor that determines whether aquaculture will be successful or not. Currently, aquaculture is mainly based on worker’s experience, which is not capable of precisely controlling the quality of the aquaculture water. The main function of the existing system for aquaculture water quality is still to manage water quality, but hardly to analyse or visualize the data of water quality. Furthermore, fewer works for prediction of future water quality are made. To tackle these issues, we design an analysis and decision-making system based on deep learning for aquaculture water quality. We combine the latest artificial intelligence and big data technology to achieve the functions of the system such as the visualization of data, the prediction of future water quality factors and early-warning of water quality, which helps the users to realize scientific aquaculture.
A Diachronic Assessment of Research on Machine Translation Methodology
Authors: Ran Zhao
Published: June 2020

Approaches of machine translation are streamlined into three types based on strategies of knowledge processing, i.e. syntax-based methods, rule-based methods, and corpus-based methods, with their merits and demerits assessed. Consequently, the updated research tendency of the neural networks, as the current mainstream methods of machine translation, mainly comprising computational complexity reducing, words alignment enhancing, prior knowledge and constraints incorporating are stressed. Eventually, the future development orientations of the mainstream methods of neutral machine translation, particularly that of networks integration, data parallelizing and training are prospected.
A method of computing conceptual semantic similarity based on part-whole relationship
Authors: Cao Xinyu , Zhao Jing , Zhang Fan , Wu Gang , Zhao Chao , Wang Haitao
Published: June 2020

Conceptual semantic similarity calculation is an important content in research fields such as natural language processing, machine translation and is widely used in information retrieval, knowledge acquisition, text classification, and clustering. It’s very important to development of natural language processing by improving the accuracy of semantic similarity calculation. This paper proposes a method for calculating the similarity of concepts based on the part-whole relationship between concepts. This method is based on the partial overall relationship diagram and uses the hierarchical features and positions of the concepts in the diagram to calculate the conceptual similarity.
Design of Cylindrical Three-dimensional Garage System
Authors: Sun Jing , Xu Hengming , Wang Bingbing
Published: June 2020

The increasing of car ownership makes the problem of parking difficult to become more and more prominent. The application of three-dimensional garage is one of the most effective solutions at present, which saves both cost and space. Based on the traditional three-dimensional garage, this paper designs a cylindrical three-dimensional garage system. The lifting device of the vehicle is composed of screw, parking platform, and transmission track. The control system of the garage is designed with the single-chip microcomputer as the control core. Finally, the control circuit of the software simulation system realizes the function of automatic exit storage of vehicles, which verifies the feasibility of the design.
Improved sunflower-type photovoltaic power generation tracking system
Authors: Guo Qixuan , Wang Jianjian
Published: June 2020

At present, photovoltaic power generation mainly adopts a method of fixing the position and angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel and manually adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel according to seasonal changes, but this power generation method has a relatively low working efficiency. Then came the sunflower-type photovoltaic power generation tracking system. Like the sunflower, this system can adjust its own angle by following the change of the sunlight angle at any time and place, so that the photovoltaic power generation panel always keeps running and working at an angle perpendicular to the sunlight . In order to further improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation and use solar energy more effectively, a sunflower-type photovoltaic power generation tracking system was designed and improved. Compared with the original system, in this system mode, the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic power generation board can be further improved, and the photovoltaic power generation efficiency can be improved.
Design and Realization of a LAN Connectivity Test Circuit
Authors: Lin Yiyong , Lin Lei , Hu shibin
Published: June 2020

The simple network cable tester can only test one network cable at a time. When multiple network lines need to be tested, there are problems such as a long time, low accuracy, prool efficiency, and unable to display visually.A multi-network test circuit is developed and designed based on the principle of network cable testing on this paper. The principle of the simple network cable tester is briefly analyzed. The overall design idea, circuit design, and working principle of the LAN connectivity test circuit are explained in detail. The circuit characteristics are summarized. The actual application verification is performed during the management and maintenance of the unit LAN. The application results show that : this circuit has the characteristics of stable operation, simple operation, safety and reliability, convenient maintenance, and intuitive display. It improves the speed of network cable testing, increases the visual display of test results, improves the efficiency of network cable testing, and has achieved good application results.