bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA ANAK BALITA USIA 12-59 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KECAMATAN TANAH ABANG JAKARTA PUSAT TAHUN 2022
Authors: Indriani Veni , Dharmasetiawani Nani , Yulika Indah
Published: October 2023

Kejadian stunting merupakan masalah gizi yang dialami oleh balita di dunia. Indikator stunting adalah menggunakan tinggi badan menurut umur (TB/U) dibawah -2 SD yang didasarkan kurva standar pertumbuhan WHO sesuai dengan jenis kelamin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah diketahuinya faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 12–59 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Tanah Abang Jakarta Pusat Tahun 2022. Jenis penelitian ini Observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel berumur 12-59 tahun terdiri dari 54 anak balita. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi tinggi badan dengan microtoice, CFQ, kuesioner. Analisa data menggunakan SPSS menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan Fisher Exact's (α = 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara ANC (p-value = 0,014), berat badan lahir (p-value = 0,001), tingkat pendidikan ibu (p-value = 0,033), pola makan (p-value = 0,032) dengan kejadian stunting dan tidak ada hubungan antara ASI eksklusif (p-value = 0,082), fasilitas sanitasi (p-value = 0,084), status sosial keluarga (p-value = 0,526) dengan kejadian stunting.
PERBEDAAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP DALAM PEMBERIAN MEDIA KONSELING DENGAN MODUL IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER 2 TENTANG NUTRISI DALAM WHATSAPP GRUP
Authors: Nova Yulianti  , Nabila Mujahidah , Amelia Dwi Rani
Published: October 2023

Latar Belakang. Pelayanan KIE dalam ANC dalah satunya menggunakan buku KIA. Pada masa pandemi covid kunjungan ANC dibatasi untuk mencegahan penularan Covid 19. Salah satu upaya untuk memantau kesejahteran ibu hamil dan bayi dilakukan KIE melalui whatsapp grup dengan menggunakan modul.

Metode Penelitian Desain penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Quasi Eksperimen One-Group Pretest-Posttest. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian 15 responden ibu hamil trimester II yang melakukan kunjungan ANC ke TPMB Marinem, dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian modul dan kuesioner yang sudah valid dan reliable.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan usia responden mayoritas berusia 20 – 35 tahun sebanyk 95%, Paritas pada multipara 53%, Pendidikan didominasi pendidikan menengah 60%, rata – rata responden merupakan ibu tidak bekerja sebanyak 73%, lila ibu sebanyak 73% tidak mengalami energy kronis. Pengetahuan ibu sebelum diberikan intervensi 26,7% dan setelah diberikan intervensi 86,7%. Sikap ibu sebelum diberikan intervensi 40% dan setelah diberikan intervensi 80%. Kesimpulan Terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan dan Sikap ibu pada saat sebelum diberikan intervesi dengan setelah diberikan intervensi
Asuhan Kebidanan Komprehensif Ny. X di Tempat Praktik Mandiri Bidan (TPMB)
Authors: Amalia Restu , Sutrini Entin , Lavida Tiarlin , Nurlayina Nina
Published: October 2023

Latar Belakang: Menurut WHO (2016) asuhan komprehensif adalah suatu pemeriksaan yang dilakukan secara menyeluruh, terperinci dan berkesinambungan yang di ikuti mulai dari ibu hamil, bersalin, nifas, dan bayi baru lahir yang diharapkan dapat menurunkan angka kematian maternal yang menjadi masalah terbesar di dunia saat ini.

Tujuan: Tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini adalah memberikan asuhan berkelanjutan dari masa kehamilan hingga masa nifas. Pada artikel ini memuat asuhan komprehensif Ny. N usia 21 tahun G2P1A0 hamil 38 minggu di TPMB Imas Supriyati, SST.

Metode Penelitian: Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif dan jenis penelitian studi kasus (case study) asuhan kebidanan menggunakan manajemen kebidanan berdasarkan 7 langkah Varney pada Ny. N dari umur kehamilan 37 minggu hinggga memutuskan untuk menggunakan metode kontrasepsi jangka Panjang yaitu IUD pada Nifas 42 hari.

Hasil: Asuhan kebidanan komprehensif yang telah dilakukan pada Ny. N dari kehamilan, persalinan, bayi baru lahir, dan nifas didapatkan hasil pemeriksaan dalam batas normal.

Kesimpulan: Telah dilakukan asuhan kebidanan komprehensif pada Ny. N G2P1A0 dari kehamilan hingga nifas tidak ditemukannya penyulit dari asuhan tersebut.
Asuhan Komprehensif pada Ny. “Y” G2P1A0 Hamil 34 minggu di TPMB Marinem Tahun 2022
Authors: Nova Yulianti  , Oktaviani Windy , Marinem
Published: October 2023

Asuhan kebidanan komprehensif merupakan asuhan kebidanan yang diberikan secara menyeluruh dari mulai hamil, bersalin, nifas sampai pada bayi baru lahir. Tujuan dari asuhan kebidanan ini dilakukan agar dapat mengetahui hal apa saja yang terjadi pada seorang wanita semenjak hamil, bersalin, nifas sampai dengan bayi yang dilahirkannya serta melatih dalam melakukan pengkajian, menegakkan diagnosa secara tepat, antisipasi masalah yang mungkin terjadi, menentukan tindakan segera, melakukan perencanaan dan tindakan sesuai kebutuhan ibu, serta mampu melakukan evaluasi terhadap tindakan yang telah dilakukan. Metode penelitian ini dengan menggunakan penelitian kualitatif metode observasi dengan pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder. Waktu pelaksanaan tanggal 24 Oktober 2022 – 20 Desember 2022 di TPMB marinem. Analisis kasus menggunakan pasien journey dan pendokumentasian dengan metode SOAP serta partograf. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan asuhan yang dilakukan pada saat antenatal care, intranatal care, postpartum care dan bayi baru lahir berjalan dalam keadaan normal walaupun ada ketidaknyaman yang terjadi mampu diatasi dengan baik.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on monitoring people living with HIV in Dakar, Senegal
Authors: Diatta Boubacar Ahy , Yousfi Chaymae , Nibirantije Pie , Mendy Patrice , Ndour Niare , Fall Ndiague , Diop Khadim , Sarr Mamadou , Ndiaye Coumba , Diadie Saer , Ndiaye Maodo , Diop Assane , Diallo Moussa , Ly Fatimata , Oumou Niang Suzanne
Published: October 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a considerable impact on chronic disease monitoring. Previous work has asserted that people living with HIV (PLHIV) are at risk of developing COVID-19 and have difficulty accessing care and antiretroviral (ARV) treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV/COVID-19 co-infection and vaccination and to assess the impact of the pandemic on the follow-up of PLHIV and on their psychosocial and economic lives. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted from August 16, 2021, to October 10, 2021, at two dermatology departments of Dakar. We included all PLHIV followed at these two services during the study period. Results: We identified 57 cases of PLHIV. The hospital frequency was 6.44%, the mean age was 46, and the sex ratio was 0.54. The prevalence of COVID-19 infection was 14.1%. All cases had a mild clinical form of COVID-19, outpatient management, complete remission, and no deaths were noted during the follow-up. Viral load was available and undetectable in 25%. All patients co-infected with HIV/COVID-19 were on antiretroviral therapy. The prevalence of PLHIV vaccinated against COVID-19 was 31.6%. During the COVID-19 pandemic, 28.1% of cases missed their appointments. 96.5% of cases accessed to ARV treatment. However, 3.5% of PLHIV stopped their ARV treatment for reasons unrelated to the COVID-19 pandemic. Opportunistic infections were present in 31.6% of cases, with a significant impact on psychological (64.9%), social (45.6%), and economic (71.9%) well-being, as well as on quality of life in 59.6% of cases. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic and its health measures have had a major impact on the follow-up and quality of life of people living with HIV. The reinforcement of therapeutic education, barrier measures, and COVID-19 vaccination seem to contribute to improving the quality of life of PLHIV. Key words: HIV, COVID-19, Psychosocial impact
Efeitos do consumo do fruto do buritizeiro (Mauritia flexuosa L. f.) sobre a função renal e hepática de animais em crescimento
Authors: Romero Amanda Batista da Rocha , Ferreira Nayara Ravenna Trindade , Brito Ana Karolinne da Silva , Cunha Francisco Valmor Macedo , Lima Simone Kelly Rodrigues , Lima Alessandro de , Figueiredo Francisco Cardoso , Lima Sidney Gonçalo de , Rizzo Márcia dos Santos , Nunes Paulo Humberto Moreira , Arcanjo Daniel Dias Rufino , Martins Maria do Carmo de Carvalho e
Published: October 2023

Introdução: Estudos prévios têm reportado para o buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L. f.) fruto típico do cerrado brasileiro e fonte alimentar importante para as populações de baixa renda, uma composição rica em carotenoides, polifenóis, ácidos graxos monoinsaturados e ácido ascórbico. No entanto, estudos sobre os efeitos biológicos decorrentes do consumo desse fruto são escassos. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da suplementação com buriti sobre as funções renal e hepática de ratos em crescimento. Métodos: As determinações da composição centesimal, do teor de carotenoides e do teor de ácidos graxos da polpa de buriti e das rações padrão e suplementada com polpa de buriti foram realizadas. Então, ratos Wistar de ambos os sexos foram alimentados com ração padrão ou ração suplementada com polpa de buriti. Ao final do experimento, amostras de sangue foram colhidas para determinação de parâmetros bioquímicos. O teste t não pareado foi aplicado, e diferenças foram consideradas significativas quando p<0,05. Resultados: A alimentação enriquecida com a polpa do buriti não interferiu na função renal e em alguns marcadores da função hepática nos animais. A fosfatase alcalina apresentou concentração plasmática significativamente maior nas ratas fêmeas, assim como albumina e ácido úrico apresentaram menores concentrações nos ratos machos em ambos os grupos experimentais. Conclusão: As alterações observadas nos marcadores bioquímicos não forneceram evidências de efeitos adversos da suplementação com polpa de buriti sobre a função hepática. Desse modo, a ingestão da polpa de buriti pode ser estimulada por ser uma fonte alimentar de baixo custo para a população em geral.
History and legal aspects of bone marrow donor banks in Brazil
Authors: Borges Ana Maria Machado , Christofolini Denise Maria , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Bone marrow transplants primarily depend on people who previously registered to be donors. From then on, the search for compatibility between donor and recipient begins. Objective: To describe the historical landmarks and the legal apparatus of bone marrow donor banks in Brazil based on an integrative review. Methods: LILACS database and PubMed and SciELO journals were used. The term bone marrow transplantation was the descriptor. Eligibility criteria were: articles with the theme of Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) and studies carried out on the national territory. Results: A total of 88,855 articles were identified, among which 185 met the eligibility criteria. After they were thoroughly read, 14 articles were selected. The studies pointed out fragments that dealt with important historical landmarks for the establishment of bone marrow transplantation as a conventional treatment for oncohematological diseases. Conclusion: The use of BMT has a history of more than thirty years in Brazil. However, none of the articles identified specifically addresses the historical content of bone marrow transplantation.
Dependência sobre uso de tecnologias e sonolência diurna em estudantes adolescentes
Authors: Palacio Diogo Queiroz Allen , Pinto Antonio Germane Alves , Rabelo Iriadelia Soraya Ribeiro , Palacio Bruna Queiroz Allen , Aranha Ágata Cristina Marques
Published: October 2023

Introdução: Nos últimos 50 anos, houve um declínio na duração e qualidade média do sono, com consequências adversas para a saúde em geral. Evidências crescentes de países ao redor do mundo mostram o impacto negativo do uso das tecnologias de acesso à internet no sono devido à luz enriquecida com comprimento de onda curto emitida por esses dispositivos eletrônicos. Objetivo: Analisar a exposição a novas tecnologias/internet e sua relação com o estado de sonolência diurna em adolescentes estudantes do ensino médio. Métodos: A pesquisa foi realizada em seis escolas da rede pública estadual de ensino situadas no nordeste brasileiro. A amostra foi de 1.130 alunos (idade média 16,6 anos ± 1,1). O instrumento de coleta de dados utilizado foi um questionário de caráter objetivo. O estudo teve característica analítica e interpretação quantitativa. As variáveis quantitativas foram expressas em média e desvio padrão. Para as análises da associação foi utilizado o teste qui-quadrado ou teste t de student. Considerou-se significante p<0,05. Resultados: Obtivemos que 7% e 31,6% dos participantes relatam estado de sonolência durante e após as aulas respectivamente. 59,3% relatam utilizar excessivamente a internet, 39,9% possuem sentimento de dependência, 32,6% relatam privação de sono em decorrência do uso excessivo da internet, 26,7% têm insucesso ao tentar diminuir a utilização de telefones celulares. Conclusão: As relações entre as variáveis apresentadas neste estudo nos permitem concluir que quanto mais o jovem escolar utiliza os equipamentos de acesso à internet, mais ele se encontra exposto ao risco de prejuízos ao sono.
SIRT-1 is required for release of enveloped enteroviruses
Authors: Jassey Alagie , Logue James , Weston Stuart , Wagner Michael A , Galitska Ganna , Miller Katelyn , Frieman Matthew , Jackson William T
Published: October 2023

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is a re-emerging enterovirus that causes acute respiratory illness in infants and has recently been linked to Acute Flaccid Myelitis. Here, we show that the histone deacetylase, SIRT-1, is essential for autophagy and EV-D68 infection. Knockdown of SIRT-1 inhibits autophagy and reduces EV-D68 extracellular titers. The proviral activity of SIRT-1 does not require its deacetylase activity or functional autophagy. SIRT-1’s proviral activity is, we demonstrate, mediated through the repression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress). Inducing ER stress through thapsigargin treatment or SERCA2A knockdown in SIRT-1 knockdown cells had no additional effect on EV-D68 extracellular titers. Knockdown of SIRT-1 also decreases poliovirus and SARS-CoV-2 titers but not coxsackievirus B3. In non-lytic conditions, EV-D68 is primarily released in an enveloped form, and SIRT-1 is required for this process. Our data show that SIRT-1, through its translocation to the cytosol, is critical to promote the release of enveloped EV-D68 viral particles.
Stimulation of VTA dopamine inputs to LH upregulates orexin neuronal activity in a DRD2-dependent manner
Authors: Harada Masaya , Capdevila Laia Serratosa , Wilhelm Maria , Burdakov Denis , Patriarchi Tommaso
Published: October 2023

Dopamine and orexins (hypocretins) play important roles in regulating reward-seeking behaviors. It is known that hypothalamic orexinergic neurons project to dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), where they can stimulate dopaminergic neuronal activity. Although there are reciprocal connections between dopaminergic and orexinergic systems, whether and how dopamine regulates the activity of orexin neurons is currently not known. Here we implemented an opto-Pavlovian task in which mice learn to associate a sensory cue with optogenetic dopamine neuron stimulation to investigate the relationship between dopamine release and orexin neuron activity in the LH. We found that dopamine release can be evoked in LH upon optogenetic stimulation of VTA dopamine neurons, and is also naturally evoked by cue presentation after opto-Pavlovian learning. Furthermore, orexin neuron activity could also be upregulated by local stimulation of dopaminergic terminals in the LH in a way that is partially dependent on dopamine D2 receptors (DRD2). Our results reveal previously unknown orexinergic coding of reward expectation and unveil an orexin-regulatory axis mediated by local dopamine inputs in the LH.Optical VTA DA neuron stimulation is sufficient to elicit a Pavlovian-like dopamine transient in the NAcDopamine in the LH encodes both negative and positive reward prediction errorsDopamine in the LH positively modulates orexin neuronal activity locally in a D2R dependent way
H3-OPT: Accurate prediction of CDR-H3 loop structures of antibodies with deep learning
Authors: Chen Hedi , Fan Xiaoyu , Zhu Shuqian , Pei Yuchan , Zhang Xiaochun , Zhang Xiaonan , Liu Lihang , Qian Feng , Tian Boxue
Published: October 2023

Accurate prediction of the structurally diverse complementarity determining region heavy chain 3 (CDR-H3) loop structure remains a primary and long-standing challenge for antibody modeling. Here, we present the H3-OPT toolkit for predicting the 3D structures of monoclonal antibodies and nanobodies. H3-OPT combines the strengths of AlphaFold2 with a pre-trained protein language model, and provides a 2.24 Å average RMSD
Cα
between predicted and experimentally determined CDR-H3 loops, thus outperforming other current computational methods in our non-redundant high-quality dataset. The model was validated by experimentally solving three structures of anti-VEGF nanobodies predicted by H3-OPT. We examined the potential applications of H3-OPT through analyzing antibody surface properties and antibody-antigen interactions. This structural prediction tool can be used to optimize antibody-antigen binding, and to engineer therapeutic antibodies with biophysical properties for specialized drug administration route.
Pashto offensive language detection: a benchmark dataset and monolingual Pashto BERT
Authors: Haq Ijazul , Qiu Weidong , Guo Jie , Tang Peng
Published: October 2023

Social media platforms have become inundated with offensive language. This issue must be addressed for the growth of online social networks (OSNs) and a healthy online environment. While significant research has been devoted to identifying toxic content in major languages like English, this remains an open area of research in the low-resource Pashto language. This study aims to develop an AI model for the automatic detection of offensive textual content in Pashto. To achieve this goal, we have developed a benchmark dataset called the Pashto Offensive Language Dataset (POLD), which comprises tweets collected from Twitter and manually classified into two categories: “offensive” and “not offensive”. To discriminate these two categories, we investigated the classic deep learning classifiers based on neural networks, including CNNs and RNNs, using static word embeddings: Word2Vec, fastText, and GloVe as features. Furthermore, we examined two transfer learning approaches. In the first approach, we fine-tuned the pre-trained multilingual language model, XLM-R, using the POLD dataset, whereas, in the second approach, we trained a monolingual BERT model for Pashto from scratch using a custom-developed text corpus. Pashto BERT was then fine-tuned similarly to XLM-R. The performance of all the deep learning and transformer learning models was evaluated using the POLD dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that our pre-trained Pashto BERT model outperforms the other models, achieving an F1-score of 94.34% and an accuracy of 94.77%.
An electronic voting scheme based on homomorphic encryption and decentralization
Authors: Yuan Ke , Sang Peng , Zhang Suya , Chen Xi , Yang Wei , Jia Chunfu
Published: October 2023

Compared with paper-based voting, electronic voting not only has advantages in storage and transmission, but also can solve the security problems that exist in traditional voting. However, in practice, most electronic voting faces the risk of voting failure due to malicious voting by voters or ballot tampering by attackers. To solve this problem, this article proposes an electronic voting scheme based on homomorphic encryption and decentralization, which uses the Paillier homomorphic encryption method to ensure that the voting results are not leaked until the election is over. In addition, the scheme applies signatures and two layers of encryption to the ballots. First, the ballot is homomorphically encrypted using the homomorphic public key; then, the voter uses the private key to sign the ballot; and finally, the ballot is encrypted using the public key of the counting center. By signing the ballots and encrypting them in two layers, the security of the ballots in the transmission process and the establishment of the decentralized scheme are guaranteed. The security analysis shows that the proposed scheme can guarantee the completeness, verifiability, anonymity, and uniqueness of the electronic voting scheme. The performance analysis shows that the computational efficiency of the proposed scheme is improved by about 66.7% compared with the Fan et al. scheme (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2019.10.016).
Sexual dimorphism in skull size and shape of Laticauda colubrina (Serpentes: Elapidae)
Authors: Borczyk Bartosz
Published: October 2023

Background

Sexual dimorphism in size and shape is widespread among squamate reptiles. Sex differences in snake skull size and shape are often accompanied by intersexual feeding niche separation. However, allometric trajectories underlying these differences remain largely unstudied in several lineages. The sea krait Laticauda colubrina (Serpentes: Elapidae) exhibits very clear sexual dimorphism in body size, with previous studies having reported females to be larger and to have a relatively longer and wider head. The two sexes also differ in feeding habits: males tend to prey in shallow water on muraenid eels, whereas females prey in deeper water on congerid eels.

Methods

I investigated sexual dimorphism in skull shape and size as well as the pattern of skull growth, to determine whether males and females follow the same ontogenetic trajectories. I studied skull characteristics and body length in 61 male and female sea kraits.

Results

The sexes differ in skull shape. Males and females follow distinct allometric trajectories. Structures associated with feeding performance are female-biased, whereas rostral and orbital regions are male-biased. The two sexes differ in allometric trajectories of feeding-related structures (female biased) that correspond to dietary divergence between the sexes.

Conclusions

Sea kraits exhibit clear sexual dimorphism in the skull form that may be explained by intersexual differences in the feeding habits as well as reproductive roles. The overall skull growth pattern resembles the typical pattern observed in other tetrapods.
Investigation of the effect of sport climbing training on some physical parameters of athletes
Authors: Bingöl Mustafa
Published: October 2023

This study was carried out to determine the effect of climbing training on the physical parameters of the athletes. The research group consists of 16 male volunteer athletes actively continuing in the climbing branch. A training program for climbing of 80 minutes a day, four days a week for ten weeks, was applied to the athletes in the research group. The research group consists of 16 male volunteer athletes with an average age of 14.82 who continue actively in the climbing branch. A training program for climbing of 80 minutes a day, four days a week for ten weeks, was applied to the athletes in the research group. Height, body weight, leg strength, hand grip strength, vertical jump, speed, flexibility and agility values of the research group were measured at the beginning and end of the training. SPSS statistical package program was used in the analysis of the data. The significance level was accepted as p>0.05. As a result of the research, it was determined that there was a statistical difference in the physical parameters of climbing players, such as leg strength, hand grip strength, vertical jump, flexibility, agility and ten meters (p<0.05), while there was no statistically significant difference at the twenty-meter value (p). >0.05). As a result, it has been seen that climbing training positively affects the physical parameters of the athletes. In this context, we believe that regular training will improve the performance of the athletes.
Knowledge levels, opinions and attitudes of individuals going to the gym about supplements
Authors: Baskan Asiye Hande , Sezen Batuhan
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge, opinions and attitudes of individuals who go to the gym about supplements. In the study, 155 people who do sports in different sports halls in Giresun province participated voluntarily. Before the application of the questionnaire, the participants were informed about the purpose and content of the study. In the study, as a data collection tool, a questionnaire consisting of a total of 35 questions prepared by the researcher, including 32 questions about supplements and 3 demographic questions, was applied to determine the knowledge levels, opinions and attitudes of the participants about supplements. The frequency and percentage distributions of the data obtained were evaluated in SPSS programme and tabulated. It was concluded that the participants did not have sufficient knowledge about supplements.
Formulation of Silver Nanoparticles from Grewia Asiatica Leaf Extract and their Biomedical Applications
Authors: Hussain Syed Bilal , Iqbal Shabnam , Noor Sadaf , Zubair Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Nanotechnology is a well-advanced area and several types of nanoparticles have been synthesized. Different types of nanoparticles have been synthesized so far using different techniques. It is most practical to produce nanoparticles from plant extracts for use in medicine and other applications. In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized by Grewia asiatica leaf extract. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by different techniques including Ultraviolet-visible (UV) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed a characteristic peak of silver nanoparticles in UV-region at 425nm, while DLS analysis revealed the z-average size of synthesized particles i.e., 461.6nm and -28.4mV zeta potential. SEM analysis revealed the amorphous surface morphology. The antibacterial and antioxidant activity of silver nanoparticles were also evaluated. Silver nanoparticles showed significant antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. A maximum zone of inhibition of 16mm diameter was observed against Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella pneumonia. While results of antioxidant activity showed a 43.27μg/ml IC50 value. In conclusion, Grewia asiatica leaf extract is a good source to synthesize silver nanoparticles. Also, green synthesized silver nanoparticles could act as potential antibacterial and antioxidant agents.
On Unitary Quasi-equivalence and Partial Isometry Operators in Hilbert Spaces
Authors: Lilian Anyembe , Wabomba Musundi Sammy , Ndung’u Kinyanjui Jeremiah
Published: October 2023

Unitary quasi-equivalence has been shown to be an equivalence relation. Similarly, unitary quasi-equivalence has been proven to preserve normality, hyponormality and binormality of operators. However, the properties of unitary quasi-equivalence and partial isometric operators have not been established. In this paper therefore, the study aims to determine the properties of unitary quasi-equivalence and isometry, co-isometry and partial isometry operators.
Performance of Varieties on the Yield and Quality of Onion (Allium cepa l.) through Set to Bulb Method
Authors: Khan M. A. , Rahman M. M. , Mozumder S. N. , Sarker R.
Published: October 2023

An experiment was laid out at farm of Spices Research Sub-Centre (SRSC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Faridpur, Bangladesh during the winter season of 2021-2022. The study comprised 3 new varieties viz. BARI Piaz-4, BARI Piaz-6 and LalTeer King, while BARI Piaz-1 was used in the study as check. The trial was conducted to explore potentialities of new developed varieties for getting higher yield and quality of onion in set to bulb method. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The finding depicted that the varieties responded significantly on the parameters studied except days to maturity of bulb and disease rating. The variety BARI Piaz-4 and LalTeer King showed the best performance on the basis of incidence of bolting, split bulb, diameter of bulb, individual bulb weight and yield of onion. On the other hand, BARI Piaz-1 had the highest dry matter content and total soluble solid content against other varieties. Finally, new developed varieties such as BARI Piaz-4 and LalTeer King would be used for getting higher yield of early green onions in set to bulb method.
Estimation of Soil Loss by Revised USLE Model using Geospatial Techniques: A Case Study of Sainj Valley, Northwestern Himalaya, India
Authors: Chand Dharam , Lata Renu
Published: October 2023

Soil erosion is a severe environmental problem. The current study is being conducted in Sainj valley of Himachal Pradesh. An increase in soil erosion rates has significant effects on land degradation, biodiversity loss, productivity and other factors. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model along with, Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS), was used in current study to quantify soil loss in the Sainj valley. Five important parameters like, Rainfall erosivity factor (R), Soil erodibility factor (K), Slope length and steepness (LS), Cropping management factor (C), and support practice factor (P) have been used to estimate the amount of soil loss in the study area. All these maps were created in GIS software using a variety of data preparation methods. The rainfall erosivity factor ranged between 501.19 to 1097.23 mt ha-1 cm-1. Spatial distribution of conservation support practice on soil loss indicated the variability (0–1) where lower value represents the higher conservation practice. The results show that average annual predicted soil loss is between 0 to 541.52tons/ha/yr and the predicted Average soil erosion rate was 11.15 tons/ha/Yr. Predicted soil loss was classified into six Erosion intensity classes Negligible (0-5), Low Erosion (5-10), Moderate Erosion (10-25), Moderately high (25-75), High Erosion (75-100), Extremely High Erosion (>100) From soil loss estimation it was observed that 62 % of the area is having very low erosion intensity and 0.37% of the study area having Extremely High erosion intensity. These findings can help the decision makers further in developing a suitable conservation program to prevent soil erosion.
Controversial Issues of the Mechanism of Crystalline Lens Accommodation and the Rationale the Hydraulic Component in its Implementation
Authors: Kornilovskiy Igor
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To consider controversial issues of the mechanism of crystalline lens accommodation and to justify the hydraulic component in its implementation.

Materials and Methods: Theories of the mechanism of accommodation and its assessment according to ultrasound biomicroscopy, magnetic resonance imaging and optical coherence tomography were analyzed. For the first time, the features of accommodative activation of intraocular fluid exchange in the closed hydrostatic system of the lens with the participation of mechanosensitive aquaporins were considered. When substantiating the hydraulic component in the mechanism of the crystalline lens accommodation, special emphasis was placed on the rapid decrease in pressure in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye during contraction of the meridional portion of the ciliary muscle.

Results: Analysis of various theories of accommodation has shown that mechanism of the crystalline lens its implementation continues to be discussed to this day. For the first time, the lens was considered as a unique closed hydrostatic system in which the pressure level is established through ultrafiltration and diffusion of intraocular fluid with the participation of aquaporins. Aquaporins form ion channels in the capsule, cuboidal epithelial cells, lens fibers and are mechanosensitive receptor proteins. The opening and closing of ion channels regulates the potassium-sodium pump, directed transport and exchange of intraocular fluid in the lens. The hydrostatic balance between the pressure in the crystalline lens and the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye is ensured by the crystalline lens capsule. The capsular bag of the crystalline lens can be considered as a curved diaphragm that separates two hydrostatic systems with different levels of pressure. Due to the hydrostatic buffering effect, the IOP level does not affect the crystalline lens, but it responds to a rapid decrease. This decrease in pressure in the anterior and posterior chambers is realized through the tension of the scleral spur by the meridional portion of the ciliary muscle and the activation of the valve mechanism of the scleral sinus. The greater the decrease in pressure, the more convex the crystalline lens takes on and increases its refraction.

Conclusion: The presence of a hydraulic component in the mechanism of crystalline lens accommodation allows us to understand how the contraction of the small ciliary muscle can change the shape and refractive power of the large crystalline lens.
Striking a Balance: Exploring Optimal Functionalities and Composition of Highly Adhesive and Dispersing Binders for High‐Nickel Cathodes in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Jeong Daun , Kwon Da‐Sol , Kim Hee Joong , Shim Jimin
Published: October 2023

Nickel‐rich layered oxide, LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM, x > 0.8), has emerged as a promising cathode material for lithium‐ion batteries due to its high specific capacity and energy density. However, there remains a challenge regarding NCM degradation during cycling, associated with interfacial side reactions and microcrack formation. Herein, a functional poly(norbornene‐co‐norbornene dicarboxylic acid‐co‐heptafluorobutyl norbornene imide) (PNCI)‐based binder system is introduced, with controlled functionalities and monomer compositions, to preserve the structural integrity of NCM. The PNCI binder system incorporates three different norbornene‐derived monomers with distinct functionalities, allowing for multifunctionality, including electro‐chemo‐mechanical stability, strong adhesion, and dispersibility. By systematically adjusting the molar composition of the PNCI binders, the overall binder characteristics are fine‐tuned, optimizing the adhesion and dispersion of electrode components. The optimized PNCI binder, with desired adhesion strength, surface energy, and polarity, plays a crucial role in facilitating the formation of a uniform electrode structure with a high areal mass loading of NCM, ensuring long‐term cycling stability. This study highlights the significance of striking a balance between functionalities and composition in binder systems to achieve high‐performance NCM cathodes.
A case of mosaic deletion of paternally‐inherited PLAGL1 and two cases of upd(6)mat add to evidence for PLAGL1 under‐expression as a cause of growth restriction
Authors: Alhendi Ahmed S. N. , Gazdagh Gabriella , Lim Derek , McMullan Dominic , Wright Michael , Temple I. Karen , Davies Justin H. , Mackay Deborah J. G.
Published: October 2023

PLAGL1 is one of a group of imprinted genes, whose altered expression causes imprinting disorders impacting growth, development, metabolism, and behavior. PLAGL1 over‐expression causes transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM type 1) and, based on murine models, under‐expression would be expected to cause growth restriction. However, only some reported individuals with upd(6)mat have growth restriction, giving rise to uncertainty about the role of PLAGL1 in human growth. Here we report three individuals investigated for growth restriction, two with upd(6)mat and one with a mosaic deletion of the paternally‐inherited allele of PLAGL1. These cases add to evidence of its involvement in pre‐ and early post‐natal human growth.
N‐Heterocyclic Olefins on a Silicon Surface
Authors: Das Mowpriya , Hogan Conor , Zielinski Robert , Kubicki Milan , Koy Maximilian , Kosbab Canan , Brozzesi Simone , Das Ankita , Nehring Mike Thomas , Balfanz Viktoria , Brühne Juls , Dähne Mario , Franz Martin , Esser Norbert , Glorius Frank
Published: October 2023

The adsorption of N‐heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) on silicon is investigated in a combined scanning tunneling microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory study. We find that both of the studied NHOs bind covalently, with ylidic character, to the silicon adatoms of the substrate and exhibit good thermal stability. The adsorption geometry strongly depends on the N‐substituents: for large N‐substituents, an upright adsorption geometry is favored, while a flat‐lying geometry is found for the NHO with smaller wingtips. These different geometries strongly influence the quality and properties of the obtained monolayers. The upright geometry leads to the formation of ordered monolayers, whereas the flat‐lying NHOs yield a mostly disordered, but denser, monolayer. The obtained monolayers both show large work function reductions, as the higher density of the flat‐lying monolayer is found to compensate for the smaller vertical dipole moments. Our findings offer new prospects in the design of tailor‐made ligand structures in organic electronics and optoelectronics, catalysis, and material science.
Development of sulfated polysaccharide‐based film reinforced with seaweed biomass‐derived nanofillers
Authors: Muthukumar Janani , Chidambaram Ramalingam
Published: October 2023

Cling films and single‐use plastics are difficult to recycle and cause major environmental pollution, leading to an increase in microplastics in nature. To overcome this issue, biodegradable films are being explored more extensively. Seaweed is gaining prominence in the food packaging sector since it is beneficial in all aspects. Two fractions of Indian brown seaweed Sargassum wightii, biopolymer (sulfated polysaccharide [SP]) as base material and nanofillers (cellulose nanocrystals [CNC]) as reinforced filler are employed to develop a sustainable cling film for food packaging. This cellulose filler can be isolated from solid seaweed biomass after the polysaccharide extraction and converted into nanoform using the response surfaces method (RSM) to maximize the yield of CNC. The objective of this research is to construct seaweed‐based biodegradable nanocomposite films and to examine their improved properties. It exhibited a gradual decrease in water absorption and water vapor permeability (WVP), along with better wettability, mechanical, and antioxidant properties, and thermal analysis compared with the control SP film. The degradation rates of the films were analyzed using the soil‐burial method. According to the results obtained, it is suggested that CNC can be utilized as a functional filler to improve the qualities of seaweed‐based cling films.
Zur Bestimmung der Dichte von Schmelzen und zur Klassifizierung der Festkörper in raumschwache und raumstarke bei hohen Temperaturen
Authors: Knappwost A. , Restle H.
Published: October 2023

Es wird ein neues Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Dichte von metallischen Schmelzen angegeben, mit dem auch die Dichten von solchen Stoffen bestimmt werden können, deren Schmelzpunkt in Temperaturbereichen liegt, die mit den Auftriebsmethoden nicht oder nur sehr schwer zugänglich sind. Bei diesem Einbettverfahren werden Masse und Grundvolumen bei Raumtemperatur bestimmt. Am Beispiel des Siliciums wird gezeigt, daß die neue Methode auch dann noch das Vorzeichen des Volumensprunges beim Schmelzpunkt zu erkennen gestattet, wenn die thermische Stabilität der Einbettmasse zu einer exakten Dichtemessung nicht mehr ausreicht.
Verdünnungswärmen eines Polyelektrolyten in Wasser bei kleinen Konzentrationen
Authors: Schulze Werner
Published: October 2023

Im Differentialkalorimeter nach E. Lange wurden intermediäre Verdünnungswärmen in Wasser bei 25° C gemessen 1. an einem Polyvinyl‐N‐butylpyridiniumbromid (Konzentrationsbereich 0,0246 · 10−4 bis 40,75 · 10−4 [Bausteinmole/l]), 2. an N‐Butylpyridiniumbromid [Konzentrationsbereich 1,047] · 10−4 bis 330 · 10−4 [Mol/1]). — Das Monosalz zeigt positive Verdünnungswärmen, die zunächst √c‐proportional ansteigen (Steigung etwa 350) und dann ins Negative biegen. Das Polysalz besitzt stark negative Verdünnungswärmen, die zwischen c = 0 und c = 10−4 steil abfallen und dann etwa waagerecht verlaufen. Abdissoziation von Br'‐Ionen und Kettenstreckung des Polykations werden als Ursache dieses Verhaltens angesehen. — Extrapolation der Verdünnungswärmen auf c = 0 ist beim Polysalz nicht möglich.
Zur Kinetik der Reaktionen von Graphit mit CO2‐CO‐ und H2O‐H2‐Gemischen
Authors: Grabke H.‐J.
Published: October 2023

Die Reaktion von Graphit mit CO2‐CO‐Gemischen wurde zwischen 900 und 1100 °C, bei Drucken zwischen 1 und 760 Torr und bei variierten CO2/CO‐Verhältnissen untersucht. Die Ergebnisse lassen sich im Rahmen des folgenden Reaktionsschemas deuten:

magnified image

Die Rückreaktion der zweiten Teilreaktion ist im Bereich der Messungen vernachlässigbar, und damit ist die Geschwindigkeit der Hinreaktion von Gleichung (2)\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \overrightarrow {v_2} $\end{document}gleich der Gesamtgeschwindigkeit der Boudouard‐Reaktion. Die Geschwindigkeit\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \overrightarrow {v_2} $\end{document}ist der auf der Graphitoberfläche eingestellten Sauerstoffaktivität ao proportional.

Die erste Teilreaktion ist mit Hilfe von Radiokohlenstoff gemessen worden, sie verhält sich für weite Bereiche der Variablen, CO2/CO‐Verhältnis, Gesamtdruck und Temperatur, wie ein vorgelagertes Gleichgewicht zu Teilreaktion (2). In diesem Falle ist a0 und damit\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \overrightarrow {v_2} $\end{document}dem CO2/CO‐Verhältnis proportional und vom

Gesamtdruck unabhängig. Bei hohen CO2/CO‐Verhältnissen wird\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \overrightarrow {v_2} $\end{document}mit den Geschwindigkeiten der Hin‐ und Rückreaktion von Teilreaktion (1),\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \overrightarrow {v_1} $\end{document}und\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \overleftarrow {v_1} $\end{document}, vergleichbar; das Gleichgewicht für gleichung (1) bleibt nicht erhalten, undaOwird durch das Zusammenspiel der Teilreaktionen (1) und (2) eingestellt. In diesem Fall läß sichaOund damit auch\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \overrightarrow {v_2} $\end{document}mit Hilfe der Stationaritätsbedingung für adsorbierten Sauerstoff und der bei Kleinem CO2/CO‐Verhältnis gefunden Werte und Abhängigkeiten berechnen und für jede Reaktionstemperatur durch eine experimentell bestätigte Näherungsformel Darstellen.

Die Temperaturbhängigkeit der beiden Teilreaktionen wurde gemessen und im Rahmen der beschriebenen Reaktionskinetik gedeutet.

Für die Sauerstoffübertragung aus H2O auf eine Graphitoberfläche

magnified image

ist wahrscheinlich ebenfalls in weiten bereichen das Gleichgewicht eingestellt. Die Teilreaktion (2) ist den Reaktionen von Graphit mit CO2‐co‐ und H2O‐H2‐Gemischen mit gleichem Sauerstoffpartialdruck der gleiche Wert für\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \overrightarrow {v_2} $\end{document}erwartet und auch gefunden. Ebenfalls konnte die Zwischen den Temperaturabhängigkeiten der beiden Reaktionen erwartete Beziehung bestätigt werden.
Investigation on CT‐DNA and Protein Interaction of New Pd(II) Complexes Involving Ceftazidime and 3‐Amino‐1,2,3‐triazole: Synthesis, Characterization, Biological Impact, Anticancer Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Approaches
Authors: Seddik Ramy G. , Shoukry Azza A. , Rashidi Fatma B. , Salah‐Eldin Doaa S.
Published: October 2023

Two new palladium (II) complexes, [Pd(CAZ)(OH2)2]2+ (1) and [Pd(3‐AT)(OH2)2]2+ (2), (CAZ=ceftazidime, and 3‐AT=amitrole) were synthesized and studied for their potential as anticancer drugs with low toxicity and high potency. To fully characterize these complexes, we conducted elemental analysis and FT‐IR studies. Furthermore, we irradiated the complexes with Indian 60Co gamma rays and thoroughly evaluated their antimicrobial properties. Our results demonstrate that the inhibitory activity of complexes was significantly enhanced against (G+) bacteria and fungi. Additionally, we probed the complexes’ interaction with CT‐DNA and BSA using various techniques, including UV‐vis spectroscopy, thermal denaturation, viscometry, gel electrophoresis, and molecular docking studies. Our findings conclusively demonstrate that these complexes possess a strong binding interaction with CT‐DNA via minor groove binding and/or electrostatic interactions, as well as excellent binding affinity to BSA. Finally, we conducted a cytotoxicity assay that clearly indicates these complexes hold immense promise as cell growth inhibitors against MCF‐7 and HCT‐116.
Catcher/Tag Toolbox: Biomolecular Click‐Reactions For Protein Engineering Beyond Genetics
Authors: Fan Ruxia , Aranko A. Sesilja
Published: October 2023

Manipulating protein architectures beyond genetic control has attracted widespread attention. Catcher/Tag systems enable highly specific conjugation of proteins in vivo and in vitro via an isopeptide‐bond. They provide efficient, robust, and irreversible strategies for protein conjugation and are simple yet powerful tools for a variety of applications in enzyme industry, vaccines, biomaterials, and cellular applications. Here we summarize recent development of the Catcher/Tag toolbox with a particular emphasis on the design of Catcher/Tag pairs targeted for specific applications. We cover the current limitations of the Catcher/Tag systems and discuss the pH sensitivity of the reactions. Finally, we conclude some of the future directions in the development of this versatile protein conjugation method and envision that improved control over inducing the ligation reaction will further broaden the range of applications.
First reported Rhodotorula mucilaginosa brain abscess: Found as coinfection in woman with common variable immune deficiency
Authors: Bhatt Arjun , Dunlap Melinda S. , Pham Han , Hatanpaa Kimmo J. , Boyer Philip , Gander Rita M. , Symmes Anna G.
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical Message

Rhodotorula is a rare pathogen seen in the immunocompromised host; while cases of Rhodotorula meningitis have been reported, there are no published cases of Rhodotorula brain abscess. We describe the diagnosis and management of a woman with common variable immune deficiency presenting with concomitant Rhodotorula and Nocardia brain abscesses.
Pore Nanoarchitectonics of Carbon Nitrides for the Excited‐State Deactivation of Confined Methylene Blue
Authors: Li Chunyu , Troschke Erik , Müller Carolin , Dasgupta Anindita , Eggeling Christian , Oschatz Martin , Dietzek‐Ivanšić Benjamin
Published: October 2023

The confinement of organic chromophores within mesoporous material architectures can exert a considerable alteration on their physico‐chemical properties. This study presents a detailed spectroscopic investigation of methylene blue (MB) entrapped in mesoporous polymeric carbon nitrides (mPCNs) with different pore architecturesusing transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS). The spatial confinement of MB molecules results in a prominent change in absorption spectra, characterized by both redshifts and the appearance of additional shoulder peaks, arising from the formation of MB dimers (MB2) concomitant with a distortion of the MB structure. Upon photoexcitation, entrapped MB molecules exhibit a notable altered excited‐state absorption feature, along with a drastic excited‐state quenching within 2 ns compared to molecues in bulk solutions. In contrast to the ultrafast quenching of sole MB2 with a lifetime of ~3.6 ps in highly concentrated solutions, the concentration‐dependent quenching behavior of MB aggregates in confined environments suggests the effect is caused by excimers formed in close proximity. The findings of this work highlight the impact of constrained environments and intermolecular interactions on the relaxation pathways of the excited states in photoactive molecules.