bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ekspresi IL – 1β pada Proses Kesembuhan Fraktur Os Femur Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Ovariektomi yang Diterapi dengan Ekstrak Cikal Tulang (Cissus quadrangularis)
Authors: Yudaniayanti Ira Sari , Lukiswanto Bambang Sektiari , Arifin M. Zainal
Published: December 2017

This study aims to determine the potential of the Cissus quadrangularis extract to decreased the expression of IL-1 β so that it can to inhibit bone resorption and osteoporosis fracture healing is not delayed union. Forty rats adapted for 1 week, and then divided into four groups with 10 replications. P0 (sham-operated + Osteotomy + CMC Na); P1 (ovariectomy + Osteotomy + CMC Na); P2 (ovariectomy + Osteotomy + Raloxifene 5.4 mg /kg); P3 (ovariectomy + Osteotomy + CQ 750 mg / kg). Osteoporosis induced is made by bilateral ovariectomy in rats, then to make sure that osteoporosis is already happened, 8 weeks post-ovariectomy performed radiology examinations on the femur, then the osteotomy action. IL1-β expression observations performed in at the 2nd week and 6th week after osteotomy through the immunohistochemistry examination. The results of immunohistochemistry examination in the 2nd week showed an increased expression of IL1-β in all groups of rat that did ovariectomy (P1, P2 and P3) were significantly different (p <0.05) with a rat group that didn’t ovariectomy, as well P2 dan P3 were significantly different with P1. The Results of immunohistochemistry examination in the 6th week showed the samepattern with the 2nd week and there is increased IL1-β expression in all groups of rat compared with the results of the examination in the 2nd week. Based on these results it can be concluded that Cissus quadrangularis extract andRaloxifen can decreased the expression of IL-1 β, and the results that don’t significantly different, so that these both materials can to inhibit bone resorption and osteoporosis fracture healing don’t get delayed union.
Ekstrak Air Rumput Kebar (Biophytum petersianum Klotzch) sebagai Penghambat Perkembangan Telur Cacing Gastrointestinal Ruminansia Secara in Vitro
Authors: Baaka Alnita , Widayati Isti , Noviyanti Noviyanti
Published: December 2017

Gastrointestinal worm disease in cattle is scathing for the breeder’s as it lowers cattle’s productivity and inflict major economic loss. Furthermore, the interraction between cattle, man and the environment might bringout the risk of zoonotic diseases (diseases which can spread between man and animals). Kebar grass contains phytochemical elements such as alkaloid, saponin, tanin, glycoside and flavonoid. Those elements have the potentialas an alternate anthelmentic in the effort to utilize the endemic biodiversities of Papua. This research is performed at Faculty of Animal Husbandry Animal Health Laboratory and Faculty of Math and Natural Science MicrobiologyLaboratory of Universitas Papua, for 8 months. The leaves and the stems of the kebar grass were collected and stored at room temperature. The Kebar grass extract was divided into 3 parts, i.e. fresh extract, wind dried extractand sun dried extract. Fresh fecal samples were collected and examined with the native method. The samples where nematodes eggs are found is treated with kebar grass extract. As a comparison, positive control is made withoxfendazole and negative control is made nematodes larvae fertilization. Fecal cultures and grass extract mixture is left alone for 7 days in room temperature and examined under microscope with 400x fortification to see whetnerthere is any development of the nematodes’ eggs. The obstained data is analyzed by tabulation and descriptive method. The result is the samples mixed with kebar grass extract show no development of nematodes’ egg. As acomparison, the negative control which is observed with baerman method shows development of nematodes’ eggs. It can be concluded that the effect of kebar grass extract can deters nematodes’ egg development.
Morfologi Hemipenis Biawak Air (Varanus salvator bivittatus)
Authors: Mahfud Mahfud , Winarto Adi , Nisa Chairun
Published: December 2017

Varanus salvator bivittatus has a pair of hemipenes, which is macroscopic anatomically like the copulatory organ in other amniotes, cylindrical-shaped (truncus) with quite flexible, and it located on the base of the caudal tailof the cloaca. However, information about the microscopic anatomy of hemipenes of this animal is scientifically unpublicized. Therefore, the aim of this research is to study the microscopic anatomy of hemipenes of male Varanussalvator bivittatus. The animals were sacrificed by exsanguination under deep anesthetized and fixed in 4 % paraformaldehyde through perfusion then observed visceral site and morphometric. Histomorphological evaluationwas obtained by paraffin preparation with section thickness of 3-4 μm then stained in Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and Masson’s Trichrome (MT). The results showed that truncus of hemipenes was lined by stratified squamousepithelium and supported with thick of dense connective tissue and contain cavernous body and blood vessels are found, the muscles not found. The presence of connective tissue that supported in the down part sometimesmake hemipenes are rigid while prurient condition. In the caudal of truncus hemipenes there is retractor muscle of hemipenes which arranged by striated muscles. Hemipenes is flexible because contain with much of blood vesselthat found in truncus hemipenes.
Newcastle Disease Virus Detection from Chicken Organ Samples Using Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Shanmuganathan Lehgarubini , Anggoro Dito , Wibowo Michael Haryadi
Published: December 2017

Newcastle disease (ND) is a systemic, viral respiratory disease that is acute and easily transmitted which affects various types of poultry, especially chickens. Diagnosis of ND which generally involves virus isolation and subsequent identification with serological assays has limitations that needs more time. This research was aimed to detect Newcastle Disease virus (NDV) in chickens suspected with ND using the Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) technique. Nine chicken organ samples such as lien, trachea, and lungs were collected from chicken farms diagnosed with ND. The organ samples were processed and the targeted viral RNA was extracted using the RNA extraction kit. Genome amplification was performed with RT-PCR using specificprimers to target the F gene. Amplification results produced an amplicon product of 565 base pairs (bp). PCR product samples were then visualised using agar gel electrophoresis and viewed using the unified gel documentation system. Amplification results show nine samples positive for the DNA bands corresponding to the targeted band of the NDV F gene fragment. The results of this research confirm that the RT-PCR method is applicable for NDV detection from chicken organ samples.
Unraveling the Attitude—Acquisition Conundrum in Learning English as a Second Language (L2) in Cameroon
Authors: Tanda Vincent A. , Eposi Joan Mapeh
Published: December 2017

This study set out to unravel the attitude—acquisition conundrum exhibited by Francophone Cameroonians in the learning of English as a second language (L2). It submits that notwithstanding the widely negative attitude they hold of English and the Anglophone Cameroonians who speak the language,  this negativism seems not, more recently, to blight their quest to learn and use the English language when necessary. The paper contends that albeit that Francophone Cameroonians overtly show a disdain for the English language, they at the same time recognize its role as a window to the global world.

They also recognize that even within Cameroon knowing English will give them a competitive edge into the professional schools in the country and also to the few jobs opportunities that exist.
Plantas usadas por aves en paisajes cafeteros de Nariño, Colombia
Authors: Castillo R. Yulieth Viviana , Calderón Leytón Jhon Jairo
Published: December 2017

Las plantas son un importante recurso alimenticio para las aves presentes en los paisajes cafeteros, por lo que la heterogeneidad en las diferentes unidades de estos paisajes,  garantizan la disponibilidad de alimento. Conocer este tipo de interacciones entre plantas y aves es importante para la conservación de la biodiversidad en paisajes cafeteros. En esta investigación, se presenta la lista inicial de especies de plantas usadas por las aves de paisajes cafeteros en zonas rurales de los municipios de Colón-Génova, La Unión, Arboleda y San Pedro de Cartago en el departamento de Nariño, Colombia. Las observaciones en campo y colectas generales de plantas muestran que 25 especies vegetales son consumidas por aves frugívoras, ocho especies son aprovechadas por aves nectarívoras y nueve especies son aprovechadas por aves insectívoras. Los resultados obtenidos permiten proponer un listado de especies de plantas potenciales como fuente de recursos para las aves, algunas nativas y otras introducidas, que pueden ser útiles para el manejo de paisajes cafeteros en la región a través de la implementación de estrategias de producción y propagación para la restauración.
Friabilidad y su relación con algunas propiedades físicas y químicas de suelos cultivados con caña de azúcar
Authors: Avila P. Edgar Alvaro , Leiva B. Fabio Rodrigo , Darghan C. Aquiles Enrique
Published: December 2017

La friabilidad es un indicador importante de la calidad física de los suelos y su comportamiento está ligado a la variabilidad de otras propiedades edáficas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la relación de la friabilidad con diferentes propiedades físicas y químicas de suelos cultivados con caña de azúcar. El muestreo de suelos se realizó en los dos primeros horizontes (Ap y A1) de 91 sitios correspondientes a 5 órdenes de suelos (Inceptisol, Molisol, Vertisol, Alfisol y Ultisol). Se seleccionaron 10 agregados por cada uno de los cuatro rangos de tamaño (2,0 a 4,79; 4,80 a 9,49; 9,50 a 19,00 y 19,01 a 35,70 mm) que fueron los predominantes en los 182 horizontes. Los 7280 agregados fueron secados en invernadero y horno y posteriormente sometidos a compresión para determinar la resistencia al rompimiento (RR) y el índice de friabilidad correspondiente al límite inferior (IFi) del intervalo de confianza del coeficiente de variación. Se determinó el diámetro ponderado medio (DPM), el estado de agregación (Ea), la densidad aparente (Da), la porosidad total (Pt), el pH y la conductividad eléctrica (CE) de las muestras de suelos. Se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central y dispersión, gráficos de superficies tridimensionales y un modelo lineal para un Diseño Completamente al Azar en arreglo factorial incompleto. No se encontró efecto del DPM, la Da, el pH y la CE sobre el IFi, pero sí del Ea y la Pt. Los valores del IFi se incrementaron a mayor porosidad total y a mayor estado de agregación.
Área superficial de carbones activados y modificados obtenidos del recurso agrícola Saccharum officinarum
Authors: Colpas C. Fredy , Tarón D. Arnulfo , González C. Rafael
Published: December 2017

El carbón activado es un material utilizado industrialmente en adsorción de gases, filtrados, limpieza de líquidos y como soporte para catalizadores en medios no oxidantes. Además tiene varias aplicaciones ambientales como en la adsorción de iones metálicos de plomo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue la obtención de carbones activados carbonizando biomasa de caña de azúcar a 400°C en atmósfera de nitrógeno, activando con ácido fosfórico y oxidando con ácido nítrico o peróxido de hidrógeno seguido de tratamiento térmico. La preparación de carbones activados a partir de residuos agrícolas está desarrollándose con excelentes resultados potencialmente aplicables. Bajo este contexto, se muestra un método de preparación mediante activación química con ácido fosfórico, la cual aumentó el contenido de carbono y disminuyó el de oxígeno, seguidamente con el objeto de estudiar el desarrollo del área superficial se somete a proceso de oxidación con calentamiento térmico. Los carbones obtenidos fueron caracterizados mediante análisis proximal y para la determinación de los grupos funcionales oxigenados se utilizó la espectroscopia infrarroja de reflectancia difusa-transformada de Fourier. La determinación de grupos oxigenados básicos y ácidos se realizó por el método Boehm. Para la medición del área superficial se utilizó el método BET. El área de microporos se incrementó por el tratamiento con HNO3 y H2O2 desde 278 m2/g hasta 402 y 446m2/g, respectivamente. La mayor parte del área en los carbones se debió a los microporos. El pH de los carbones fue aproximadamente de tres y los grupos COOH alcanzaron valores hasta 2,12meq/g.
Elementos para el desarrollo de una estrategia de marketing digital que permita mejorar la gestión de marketing en empresas agroindustriales en el departamento del Cauca
Authors: Diago ortiz Adriana , Martínez Tobar Melissa
Published: December 2017

La agroindustria es un renglón con gran potencial, y un gran número de empresas de este sector son mipymes, que por sus características y tipo de organización presentan dificultades en la comercialización y el acceso a los mercados, debido a que son administradas por los mismos propietarios, quienes no tienen conocimiento para desarrollar estrategias adecuadas de marketing. El marketing digital se presenta como una alternativa para mejorar el desempeño y la efectividad de estas actividades. Sobre esta premisa se enfoca la investigación, que busca conocer los aspectos a tener en cuenta en la implementación de estrategias de marketing digital en una mipyme agroindustrial, identificar las herramientas online apropiadas para este tipo de empresa. Se analizaron las páginas web y tiendas online de empresas agroindustriales. Con esta información se diseñó la página web, la tienda virtual y la campaña de marketing digital para la empresa Lauvid SAS, en este proceso se hizo seguimiento y medición del impacto en la obtención de prospectos y en la venta.
Administración de riesgos y motivación laboral de los servidores públicos en entidades públicas en Medellín
Authors: Morales Quimbiurco María Victoria , Morales Osorio Edilia de Jesús , Correa Barrera Sergio Alberto
Published: December 2017

En el Estado colombiano, la administración de riesgos hace parte del Modelo Estándar de Control Interno (MECI), el cual, junto con las normativas de desarrollo administrativo para la gestión del talento humano pretenden, por medio de la implementación de planes y programas, mejorar la motivación e influir en la gestión del servidor público para lograr eficiencia y satisfacción en su trabajo. En este sentido, se esperaría que una buena motivación incida en la administración de riesgos. El presente estudio se apalancó en las teorías de la motivación laboral para determinar una posible relación entre la motivación laboral de los servidores públicos y la gestión de riesgos que se realiza en las entidades públicas de la ciudad de Medellín. Los resultados demostraron que el nivel de motivación, al igual que el de gestión de riesgos, de 276 líderes gestores de riesgos, fue medio. Se confirmó una relación positiva moderada entre la motivación laboral y la gestión de riesgos.
Impenetrability of visual perception: Implications for aesthetic analysis
Authors: Konecni Vladimir
Published: December 2017

Several very recent examples are critically discussed of philosophical
aestheticians using psychological data allegedly showing the cognitive
penetration of visual perception in order to build arguments on major issues
in aesthetics: How art expertise functions (Stokes, 2014); the (in)validity
of an important aspect of Arthur Danto?s theory that is based on his ?gallery
of indiscernibles? (Nanay, 2015); and the claim of ?automatic? emotional
impact of paintings (Bullot & Reber, 2013). The present critique of these
aestheticians? theoretical endeavors is based largely on the recent analysis
by Firestone and Scholl (2016) - sweeping, but most likely justified - to the
effect that visual perception is encapsulated and that cognition does not
affect visual perception. Additional theoretical and empirical support for
the critique is derived from a nonemotivist theory of the effect of paintings
(Konecni, 2015a).
Evolutionary anti-realism in ethics
Authors: Zivancevic Igor
Published: December 2017

In this paper I discuss two forms of evolutionary debunking arguments. These
arguments have precursors in Mackie?s Moral error theory and Harman?s
challenge, i.e. the explanatory irrelevance of moral facts. The first
argument is metaphysical, and I call it the argument of phylogenetic
contingency. To put it simple, this argument claims that if our evolutionary
past had been different, then our moral capacity, moral concepts and moral
beliefs, would have been different as well. The other argument is
epistemological. It is based on the Nozickean conceptions of sensitivity and
truth tracking. This argument claims that, when it comes to moral capacity,
in the evolutionary past there was no selection for tracking moral truths. As
a result, moral beliefs are insensitive to truth. Finally, I show how
conception of self-deception, which is by definition insensitive to truth,
could augment these arguments and help their better articulation.
From politics to the art of the state
Authors: Prasevic Nedzib
Published: December 2017

Machiavelli?s theoretical work was mainly focused on researching the art of
the state. However, contrary to dominant and common definitions of the art of
government in classic political theory, Machiavelli used an unconventional
phrase - arte dello stato - to define the main subject of his research. This
article analyzes intellectual and historical context of Machiavelli?s time to
explain the reasons behind introduction of the new term in political theory.
Sartrean account of mental health
Authors: Krgovic Jelena
Published: December 2017

The anti-psychiatrists in the 1960?s, specifically Thomas Szasz, have claimed
that mental illness does not exist. This argument was based on a specific
definition of physical disease that, Szasz argued, could not be applied to
mental illness. Thus, by problematizing mental illness, the spotlight had
turned to physical disease. Since then, philosophers of medicine have
proposed definitions applying both to pathophysiological and
psychopathological conditions. This paper analyzes prominent naturalist
definitions which aim to provide value free accounts of pathological
conditions, as well as normative accounts which propose value-laden accounts.
The approaches surveyed differ not only in terms of value, but also in terms
of their perspective. This perspective concerns whether the concept of
health, illness or disease/disorder is emphasized. The emphasis on health or
illness is holistic as it looks at the human being as a whole, while focus on
disease or disorder is analytic as it considers part functions. I will here
argue in favor of holism and will propose a definition of mental health based
on Sartre?s existential psychoanalysis of Gustave Flaubert.
On sexual revolution: Reich and Marcuse
Authors: Govedarica Milanko
Published: December 2017

In this paper, the meaning of sexual revolution has been critical discussed.
Author displays relevant ideas of Reich and Marcuse as representative
thinkers in this domain. He starts with a demonstration of significant
advantages of Marcuse?s theory, concerning differentiation between sexuality
and eros. Then he points out that Marcuse?s conception has some theoretical
deficites, concerning to understanding of represive desublimation. Finally
author exposes the thesis of importance of erotic wishes only for individual
freedom. The idea of social relevance of sexual revolution (Reich) or erotic
transformation (Marcuse) has been estimated as theoretical inplausible.
Wittgenstein's critique of Freud
Authors: Cukljevic Filip
Published: December 2017

The aim of this paper is to present the critique that Ludwig Wittgenstein
directs to the psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud, as well as to
critically evaluate its successfulness. At the beginning I will review some
of the main arguments that Wittgenstein offers against this theory. First I
will consider the argument that calls into question the psychoanalytic
ontology and according to which there are significant problems in its
conceptualization. Then I will deal with the critique which holds that the
psychoanalytic method is problematic, primarily because it is allegedly
unscientific. After this I will show the third argument that attacks Freud?s
assumption according to which phenomena such as dreams must have a certain
essence. It will be shown that none of these arguments is entirely
successful. Subsequently I will focus on the argument that is, according to
some, the main Wittgenstein?s argument and according to which Freud makes a
mistake by not distinguishing the concepts of cause and reason. I will claim
that psychoanalysis can be defended from this objection likewise. In order to
show this, I will refer to the interpretation of Freud?s teachings according
to which the so-called subintentional explanations are used in
psychoanalysis.
Cognitive dualism of intuition and reason in Huserls phenomenology
Authors: Popovic Brankica
Published: December 2017

From the title itself is transparent issues being discussed in this paper,
and this is the attitude of intuition and science, processed phenomenological
method. This issue is important when it comes to the interest of the authors
in this subject and attachment to Edmund Husserl. The reasons are still some
situations and the author Faced with adequate problems. In this case, the
crisis in which we find along with the author that a similar crisis in which
he was Edmund Husserl. Return the original, the one fundamental common in
times of crisis - as well as that of her mother?s lap. As there are reasons
that led to it time their inevitable reduction in order to clear the path to
move ahead more effectively with prospects. These reasons are
cognitive-methodological, because knowing them and guided methodology lead to
the creation of the human world, mostly poor and inhumane, and the necessary
correction. The cognitive method that offers to the phenomenological method,
the core of which consists of intuition, reduction of intentionality, as
opposed to those methods that dominate the rational basis. In fact, in a
dualistic relationship rational and intuitive knowledge lies the possibility
of establishing a better foothold as a refuge or unity of the world and man,
and providing opportunities for their improvement or humane given.
Thoroughness is the knowledge, the cognitive experience as such it contains
always one intentio, a ?producing? a moment which is always related to some
objectivity, and that it is not this objectivity nor mere subjectivity, but
one in which the both meet. Thus, the intention and the secret lies the
foundation for understanding the world, and she in turn in its nakedness is
always a straightforward procedure as the immediate unity of subject and
object of knowledge or something intuitive.
Bozidar Knezevic (1862-1905): Biography, philosophy, reception and criticism
Authors: Milosavljevic Boris
Published: December 2017

Bozidar Knezevic (1862-1905) was a Serbian philosopher of history. His
philosophico-historical system is presented in his two-volume Principles of
History (Law of Order [succession] in History, 1898; and Proportion in
History, 1901). Knezevic was a proponent of Spencerism, the philosophy of the
then most popular philosopher, Herbert Spencer. For Knezevic, history, as a
positive science, is actually the real philosophy, and the true goal of
history is the brotherhood of humankind: ?it remains for scientific history
to bind man to man; history is to bind all peoples and all times, to bring
them closer to one another and to reconcile them?. He saw global history as
an evolutionary ascent to moral and intellectual unification of humankind.
Knezevic?s book of aphorisms (on morality, history, religion etc.) The
Thoughts (1902) was very popular. He translated writings of Henry Thomas
Buckle, Thomas Carlyle and Thomas Babington Macaulay into Serbian. He
translated from French, German and Russian as well. Abridged versions of his
writings and selected aphorisms are published in English (History, the
Anatomy of Time: The Final Phase of Sunlight, translated by George Vid
Tomashevich, Sherwood A. Wakeman, Philosophical Library, New York, 1980).
Limits of the atheistic interpretation of the theodicy problem
Authors: Jakovljevic Dragan
Published: December 2017

This paper discusses the classical problem of the of the traditions of God's
nature with the pressing experiences of unhidden evil and destruction within
human history, as well as its atheistic resolution. In doing so, this
problem is paralleled with the question of personal identity of individuals,
under the conditions of a behavior which is otherwise unexpected and
dissonant in regards to everyday dispositions. In the further course of the
discussion, we treat the famous, so-called. ?Inconsistent trilemma" (God is
omnipotent, God is unlimitedly good, There is evil), and question some of
its aspects, that is, the consequences that are usually drawn from there.
Concludingly, this paper argues that the agnosticism is more rational
response to the problem of theodetic than atheism: There are stronger
reasons in favor of the thesis that it is not completely clear whether God
does exist or not - than for the outright denial of his possible existence
as atheism claims.
Frequency of Diet and Physical Activity Goal Attainment and Barriers Encountered Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes During a Telephone Coaching Intervention
Authors: Swoboda Christine M. , Miller Carla K. , Wills Celia E.
Published: December 2017

IN BRIEF Participants with type 2 diabetes established personalized dietary and physical activity goals as behavioral strategies to reduce cardiovascular risk during a 16-week telephone coaching intervention. People were most likely to attain dietary goals that involved altering the intake of specific foods rather than certain nutrients and were more successful at physical activity goals to increase activity levels rather than to add new types of activity. Barriers to goal success included time management, physical limitations/illness, and social/cultural activities.
Clinical Application of Patient-Centered Diabetes Care for People With Serious Mental Illness
Authors: Hamm Jay A. , Buck Kelly D. , Gonzalvo Jasmine D.
Published: December 2017

IN BRIEF Patients with serious mental illness (SMI) have markedly higher mortality rates than those without SMI. A large portion of this disparity is explained by higher rates of diabetes and cardiovascular illness, highlighting the need for people with diabetes and SMI to have access to the highest quality diabetes care. This article applies principles of patient-centered diabetes care to those with SMI, exploring a novel approach to diabetes care embedded within a community mental health setting.
Yleisradio ja kilpailu 1990-luvun alun tv-toiminnassa
Authors: Soramäki Martti
Published: December 2017

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Listening to the Resonance: Representation of Traumatic Experience in the Film Enduring Love
Authors: Mononen Sini
Published: December 2017

The film Enduring Love (dir. Roger Michell, UK, 2004), based on a novel of the same title by Ian McEwan (1997), depict the experience of trauma in the central character Joe Rose’s (Daniel Craig) life. In the film, the trauma is motivated by a hot air balloon accident and stalking, which haunt and obsess the central character as two leitmotifs, “Balloon Music” and the sound of the wind. In this essay, the representation of the experience of trauma is discussed in the light of Julia Kristeva’s theory on signification process and Jean-Luc Nancy’s concept of resonance. The film Enduring Love is discussed as a portrait of contemporary trauma; stalking is an example of obsessive and traumatizing behaviour that is recognized as criminal and socially condemned conduct around the time the original novel was released.
Kenen perinnettä? Romani-informantit Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot -aineistoissa
Authors: Blomster Risto , Mikkola Kati
Published: December 2017

Kansanrunouden keruun historiassa kalevalamittaan perustuvaa laulettua runoutta on pidetty vanhimpana, arvokkaimpana ja kiireellisimmin kerättävänä perinteen muotona. Kalevalamittaisen runouden kohdalla on kiistelty pitkään ja toistuvasti siitä, missä määrin perinne on karjalaista ja missä määrin sen juuret ovat Länsi-Suomessa. Suomen etnisten ja kulttuuristen vähemmistöjen rooliin vanhan runoperinteen välittäjinä ei sen sijaan ole kiinnitetty juurikaan huomiota. Tässä artikkelissa tarkastellaan Suomen romanien roolia Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran organisoimassa kansanrunouden keruussa ja sen pohjalta syntyneissä aineistoissa. Artikkelissa selvitetään, kerättiinkö romaneilta 1800-luvulla ja 1900-luvun alkupuoliskolla vanhaa suomenkielistä runoperinnettä ja kenen perinteenä sitä pidettiin: romanien, suomalaisten vai molempien. Tutkimusaineistona ovat Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot -julkaisusarja (34 osaa vuosina 1908–1948, 1997) ja julkaisematon SKVR-kortisto, joka sisältää 1960-luvulla luetteloidut noin 60 000 tekstiä.

Artikkelissa rakennetaan kuvaa SKVR-aineistoista löytyvien 16 romanikertojan taustoista, heidän välittämänsä perinteen sisällöstä ja muodosta sekä keruutilanteista. Tarkemmin analysoidaan yhtä romanikertojaa, August Herman Bergiä, ja hänen kohtaamisiaan kansanperinteenkerääjä Antti Valven kanssa 1910-luvun alussa. Tutkimusaineistojen avulla pyritään tavoittamaan aikanaan keruutyötä tehneiden kerääjien, romanikertojien ja arkiston työntekijöiden käsityksiä toimintansa luonteesta: mitä kerääjät olivat keräämässä, mitä kertojat ajattelivat kertovansa ja millaista aineistoa arkistoon ja ainesjulkaisuihin haluttiin. Näkemys suomalaisen perinteen ja romaniperinteen suhteesta rakentuu näin kolmesta suunnasta: kerääjien, kertojien ja arkiston näkökulmista.

Artikkelissa osoitetaan, että silloin, kun romanikertojan kertoma perinne on sopinut suomalaisen kansanperinteen kategorioihin, se on otettu aineistoihin ja kokoelmiin mukaan suomalaisena kansanperinteenä. Romanien omaa perinnettä ja romanikielisiä aineistoja ei kuitenkaan ole tietoisesti kerätty – ennen kuin vasta 1960-luvulla keruuideologiassa tapahtuneiden painopisteen muutosten myötä. Romanikertojien tarkastelu SKVR-aineistoissa tuo näkyväksi rajanvetoja sen suhteen, millaisesta aineksesta suomalaisen kansanperinteen on kulloinkin ajateltu koostuvan. Samalla se myös havainnollistaa romanien osallisuutta suomalaisesta kulttuurista ja perinteestä.
Music studio operators from Germany’s “Ruhrpott”: Role, services and resources
Authors: Herbst Jan-Peter , Holthaus Jan
Published: December 2017

The role of record producers has always been in the state of constant change. Following Howlett (2009) and Martin (2014), this article explores the work realities of ordinary but still professional “studio operators” from the Ruhr Area in Germany. Focusing on studio operators rather than on record producers pays special attention to the economic, material and administrative aspects that are often neglected. The findings indicate that aspiring producers see the need to have a studio of their own and to offer various services besides the core activities of recording, mixing and mastering. The results also reveal a type of creative entrepreneur in the true sense of a “studio operator”.
Milieux relationnels Xpey’ : un cadre analytique pour conceptualiser l’équité en santé autochtone
Authors: Kent Alexandra , Loppie Charlotte , Carriere Jeannine , MacDonald Marjorie , Pauly Bernie
Published: December 2017

Introduction

Si la recherche sur l’équité en santé et la recherche sur la santé autochtone
ont toutes deux pour objectif de promouvoir des résultats équitables en santé parmi les
populations marginalisées et à moindre accès aux soins, elles fonctionnent souvent de
manière indépendante et sans collaboration, conduisant à une sous-représentation des
populations autochtones dans la recherche sur l’équité en santé relativement au fardeau
disproportionné des inégalités subies. Dans cet article méthodologique, nous présentons
Milieux relationnels Xpey’, un cadre analytique qui décrit certains obstacles et éléments
facilitateurs en matière d’équité en santé pour les peuples autochtones.

Méthodologie

La recherche sur l’équité en santé doit se concentrer sur les populations
autochtones et les méthodologies autochtonisées, changement qui pourrait combler les
lacunes dans les connaissances et contribuer à combler le fossé observé en santé autochtone.
Dans ce cadre, le programme de recherche Optique d’équité en santé publique
(Equity Lens in Public Health, ELPH) a adopté le cadre analytique Milieux relationnels
Xpey’ pour que la recherche sur la priorisation et la mise en oeuvre de l’équité en santé
soit davantage centrée sur les populations autochtones. Le cadre analytique a ajouté à
notre méthodologie une optique autochtonisée d’équité en santé qui a facilité la reconnaissance
des déterminants sociaux, structurels et systémiques de la santé autochtone.
Pour éprouver ce cadre analytique, nous avons mené une étude de cas pilote portant sur
l’une des autorités sanitaires régionales de la Colombie-Britannique, consistant en un examen
des politiques et des plans de référence et intégrant des entrevues et des groupes de
travail avec du personnel de première ligne, des gestionnaires et des hauts dirigeants.

Conclusion

L’application à ELPH de Milieux relationnels Xpey’ illustre l’utilité de ce
cadre analytique pour explorer et conceptualiser l’équité en santé autochtone dans le
système de santé publique de la Colombie-Britannique. Des applications du cadre analytique
devront être intégrées aux méthodes de recherche sur les Autochtones.
Concentration urinaire de bisphénol A et obésité chez les adultes : résultats de l’Enquête canadienne sur les mesures de la santé
Authors: Do Minh T. , Chang Vicky C. , Mendez Michelle A. , de Groh Margaret
Published: December 2017

Introduction

Des études chez l’animal ont révélé que l’exposition au bisphénol A (BPA)
affecte le métabolisme des lipides et favorise la prise de poids. Des études épidémiologiques
récentes appuient aussi l’existence d’un lien entre le BPA et l’obésité chez
l’humain, mais la plupart d’entre elles se limitent à une seule mesure de l’adiposité ou ne
tiennent pas compte des facteurs de confusion alimentaires possibles. Cette étude vise à
examiner les associations entre les concentrations urinaires de BPA et les mesures de
l’adiposité dans un échantillon national représentatif des adultes canadiens.

Méthodologie

Nous avons réalisé des analyses à l’aide de données de biosurveillance et
de données anthropométriques mesurées directement auprès de 4 733 adultes de 18 à
79 ans dans le cadre de l’Enquête canadienne sur les mesures de la santé (2007-2011).
Nous avons utilisé des modèles de régression logistique multinomiale et binaire pour
estimer les associations entre, d’une part, les concentrations urinaires de BPA et, d’autre
part, les diverses catégories d’indice de masse corporelle (IMC) (embonpoint par opposition
à poids insuffisant ou normal; obésité par opposition à poids insuffisant ou normal)
et un tour de taille élevé (102 cm ou plus pour les hommes; 88 cm ou plus pour les
femmes) en tenant compte des facteurs de confusion possibles. Des analyses de régression
linéaire ont aussi été effectuées pour évaluer les associations entre les concentrations
urinaires de BPA et des mesures de l’IMC et du tour de taille.

Résultats

On a pu associer positivement la concentration urinaire de BPA et l’obésité
(définie par l’IMC). Le rapport de cotes s’est situé à 1,54 (intervalle de confiance [IC] à
95 % : 1,002 à 2,37) dans le quartile de BPA le plus élevé par rapport au plus bas (test de
tendance, p = 0,041). La concentration urinaire de BPA n’a pas été associée au tour de
taille pour les valeurs seuils courantes. Enfin, chaque unité d’augmentation du log naturel
de la concentration urinaire de BPA a été associée à une hausse de 0,33 kg/m2 (IC à
95 % : 0,10 à 0,57) de l’IMC et de 1,00 cm (IC à 95 % : 0,34 à 1,65) du tour de taille.

Conclusion

Notre étude vient enrichir le corpus croissant de données probantes sur
l’association positive entre BPA et obésité. Des études prospectives comportant un suivi
de mesures sont nécessaires pour définir la dimension temporelle de l’association et améliorer
la classification de l’exposition.
Tanah Papua, Asia-Pacific news blind spots and citizen media: From the ‘Act of Free Choice’ betrayal to a social media revolution
Authors: Robie David
Published: December 2017

For five decades Tanah Papua, or the West Papua half of the island of New Guinea on the intersection of Asia and the Pacific, has been a critical issue for the region with a majority of the Melanesian population supporting self-determination, and ultimately independence. While being prepared for eventual post-war independence by the Dutch colonial authorities, Indonesian paratroopers and marines invaded the territory in 1962 in an ill-fated military expedition dubbed Operation Trikora (‘People’s Triple Command’). However, this eventually led to the so-called Act of Free Choice in 1969 under the auspices of the United Nations in a sham referendum dubbed by critics as an ‘Act of No Choice’ which has been disputed ever since as a legal basis for Indonesian colonialism. A low-level insurgency waged by the OPM (Free West Papua Movement) has also continued and Jakarta maintains its control through the politics of oppression and internal migration. For more than five decades, the legacy media in New Zealand have largely ignored this issue on their doorstep, preferring to give attention to Fiji and a so-called coup culture instead. In the past five years, social media have contributed to a dramatic upsurge of global awareness about West Papua but still the New Zealand legacy media have failed to take heed. This article also briefly introduces other Asia-Pacific political issues—such as Kanaky, Timor-Leste, Papua New Guinean university student unrest, the militarisation of the Mariana Islands and the Pacific’s Nuclear Zero lawsuit against the nine nuclear powers—ignored by a New Zealand media that has no serious tradition of independent foreign correspondence.
'What are you waiting for, Diggers?' The ANZAC image in Commando comics
Authors: Cass Philip , Ford Jonathan Jack
Published: December 2017

For generations of Australians and New Zealanders, Commando comics have provided a consistent image of their ancestors at war. The image is one of men, who are inevitably tall, bronzed, shirtless, contemptuous of authority and their ability, as warriors such—in memory at least—that their mere presence on the battlefield is enough to have the Germans crying ‘Donner und blitzen!’, and the Italians ‘Sapristi!’ or the Japanese ‘Aieee!’ But how accurate is this depiction of Australians and New Zealanders? How well does a Scottish comic—often employing artists from Argentina and other countries—portray the ANZACS? And how did a Scottish comic come to dominate the image of Australians and New Zealanders at war for so long?
Peran Manajerial dan Teknisi Humas Lembaga Pemerintah dan Swasta
Authors: Kriyantono Rachmat
Published: December 2017

The research aims to describe the implementation level of managerial and technician roles of public relations practitioners from government and private institutions in Indonesia. The hypothesis is public relations from private institutions often more apply the managerial roles while the practitioners from government public relations tend to apply technical communication than managerial roles of communication. The researcher uses positivistic paradigm by applying survey method with questioners which are filled by 105 respondents. The instrument are from Five-Factor Dimension Model that specifically measures the level of managerial and technician roles of communication. The research finds that there is no significant differentiation between public relations practitioners from government and private institutions regarding the dimensions of managerial and technician roles. Both practitioners frequently apply technician roles rather than managerial roles, however, the government public relations more frequently conduct managerial roles than practitioners from private institutions. The research contributes to the development of public relations study and practice in Indonesia by testing the managerial and technical roles conducting by public relations practitioners through using Five-factor Model.
Fatores que influenciam a não adesão ao programa de pré-natal
Authors: Silva Rocha Ivanilde Marques da , Silva de Souza Barbosa Vanilda , Silva Lima Anderson Luiz da
Published: December 2017

Este trabalho constitui uma análise dos fatores que influenciam a não adesão de gestantes ao programa de assistência pré-natal. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão com abordagem exploratória e descritiva através da base de dados LILACS. Foram selecionadas 22 referências para a discussão em pauta. Os motivos de influência para a não adesão ao pré-natal foram classificados em duas variáveis: fatores inerentes a gestante e fatores extrínsecos, alheios ao poder de escolha da gestante. Fatores como: desigualdades regionais, sociais e econômicas, dificuldade no acesso aos locais de consultas, idade inferior a 20 anos, pouco estudo, ser solteira, multípara, não aceitar a gestação, possuir tradições familiares de descrença ao pré-natal, bem como falta de acolhimento e apoio também são influências negativas para a adesão ao pré-natal. Estratégias para melhor adesão ainda precisam ser desenvolvidas. Sugere-se a realização de pesquisas práticas que colaborem a essa análise temática.
Conhecimento sobre a higiene das mãos de estudantes do curso de enfermagem
Authors: Costa Souza Eliane , Silva Amorim Strelciunas Andreia da , Bispo Ferreira Lílian Nádja , Pereira do Nascimento Oliveira Keila Cristina
Published: December 2017

A higiene das mãos é um fator importante para evitar contaminação cruzada em ambientes hospitalares. Contudo, faz-se necessário um nível elevado de conhecimento dos profissionais para desempenhar tal prática. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o conhecimento dos acadêmicos de enfermagem sobre o procedimento de higienização das mãos. Foi realizado através da aplicação de um questionário composto por 10 (dez) questões objetivas. Foi realizada com 43 e 36 estudantes do primeiro e nono período respectivamente do curso de Enfermagem. Das 8 questões disponibilizadas para avaliar o conhecimento dos estudantes acerca da higienização das mãos. 100% (n=8) tiveram maior índice de respostas corretas pelos alunos de enfermagem do 9° período. Conclui-se que os alunos que iniciam a graduação podem ter noção de higiene, mas, não possuem as técnicas relacionadas a este procedimento, em contrapartida os alunos do último período já obtiveram informações necessárias para executá-lo da maneira recomendada.
OS DESAFIOS DA POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS: uma análise do plano de gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos do município de Paço do Lumiar/ MA, Brasil
Authors: Barros Lidiane Kely Viana Barros , Araújo Naíla Arraes de , Gerude Neto Osman José de Aguiar , Ribeiro Cláudia Helena Do Nascimento , Pinheiro Nathalia Cunha Almeida
Published: December 2017

Um dos principais desafios que os municípios brasileiros enfrentam é promover uma gestão integrada dos resíduos sólidos de forma eficiente e eficaz. Um dos instrumentos utilizados para promover esta gestão nos municípios é o Plano Municipal de Gestão Integrada de Resíduos Sólidos (PMGIRS) que deve atender aos requisitos mínimos estabelecidos no artigo 19, incisos I a XIX da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS), a Lei 12.305 de 2 de agosto de 2010. Sobre esta perspectiva, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar se o Plano Municipal de Gestão Integrada de Resíduos Sólidos (PMGIRS) de Paço do Lumiar (MA) atende aos preceitos estabelecidos pela PNRS por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Este estudo permitiu verificar que o PMGIRS de Paço do Lumiar ainda possui muitas lacunas, o que faz com que ele não seja aprovado e dificulte o processo de obtenção de recursos financeiros para implementação de melhorias na gestão e manejo de resíduos sólidos gerados no município. Portanto, a elaboração do PMGIRS em conformidade com a PNRS é fator primordial e inicial para que o município comece a tornar a gestão de resíduos sólidos de Paço do Lumiar integrada e sustentável.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Resíduos Sólidos; Gestão; Plano de Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos.
INTOXICAÇÕES POR Clostridium botulinum, Víbrio cholerae E Salmonella typhi NO BRASIL ENTRE OS ANOS DE 2001 E 2014
Authors: Macedo Alessandra Teixeira de , Santos Joice Castelo Branco , Coelho Raissa Ramos , Firmo Wellyson Da Cunha Araújo , Nunes Marcio Anderson Sousa
Published: December 2017

As doenças por alimentos são causadas por microrganismos patogênicos que invadem o organismo através da ingestão de alimentos contaminados. São considerados uma ameaça à saúde humana e à economia de indivíduos, famílias e nações. Dentre os microrganismos patogênicos merecem destaque o Clostridium botulinium, causador do botulismo, Salmonella typhi causadora da febre tifoide e Víbrio cholerae causador da cólera. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de sistematizar e analisar as características sociodemográficas relacionadas às doenças selecionadas. Averiguando suas implicações toxicológicas e expondo uma visão geral de cada doença. Caracterizado como um estudo descritivo e explicativo com abordagem quantitativa, cujas variáveis coletadas foram de casos confirmados, região geográfica, os tipos de evolução, faixa etária, gênero, raça, zona residencial e grau de escolaridade. Sendo realizado um levantamento de 74 casos de botulismo, 36 de cólera e 5492 de febre tifoide, registrados no Brasil entre os anos de 2001 e 2014. As regiões norte e nordeste têm o maior percentual de casos confirmados, 2741 e 2489, respectivamente. Verifica-se que o processo de urbanização desordenado e a necessidade de produção de alimentos prontos para o consumo, em grande escala, contribuiu para o aumento da incidência de doenças como o botulismo e a cólera.  E a diminuição dos casos da febre tifoide nos últimos anos pode estar relacionada ao melhoramento do saneamento básico.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Botulismo; Brasil; Cólera; Febre Tifoide.
THE INFLUENCE OF IMPLICIT TAX IN MAKING PROFITABLE FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT DECISIONS: EVIDENCE OF INDONESIAN LISTED COMPANIES IN ALL SECTORS
Authors: Iskandar Angelina Tiffany , Haryanto Melinda
Published: December 2017

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menguji apakah implicit tax memiliki pengaruh terhadap explicit tax dalam konteks Foreign Direct Investment untuk perusahaan-perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2010-2013. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 34 perusahaan, setelah dikurangi outlier sebanyak 6 data, sampel penelitian menjadi 130 data. Penelitian ini menggunakan regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implicit tax memiliki pengaruh positif yang tidak signifikan terhadap explicit tax. Hal ini disebabkan karena peranan dari perencanaan pajak dan friksi pasar di Indonesia yang memperlemah pengaruh tersebut.The aim of this study was to test whether the implicit tax has an influence on tax explicitly in the context of Foreign Direct Investment for the companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2010-2013. The study sample as many as 34 companies, net of outlier as much as 6 data, the sample to 130 data. This study uses multiple regression. The results showed that the implicit tax that does not have a significant positive influence on the explicit tax. This is because the role of tax planning and friction market in Indonesia, which weakens the influence.