bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ПРОГРАММЫ ПРИГРАНИЧНОГО СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ СТИМУЛИРОВАНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ИННОВАЦИЙ В СФЕРЕ ТУРИМА
Authors: Stepanova S. , Kropinova E.
Published: December 2019

Рассмотрены конкретные примеры проектов, реализуемых в рамках Программ приграничного сотрудничества Литва Польша Россия и Карелия по направлению туризм с позиции внедрения инноваций в сферу туризма Республики Карелия и Калининградской области.

The authors present specific projects implemented in the framework of the LithuaniaPoland Russia and Karelia crossborder cooperation Programs in the field of tourism. Special attention is paid to analysing tourism innovations that have emerged as a result of the projects aimed at cooperation and tourism development in the border regions such as of the Republic of Karelia as welll as Kaliningrad regionand the EU countries.
ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННАЯ НЕОДНОРОДНОСТЬ ПРИГРАНИЧНЫХ РЕГИОНОВ
Authors: Moroshkina M.
Published: December 2019

Развитие приграничных регионов, характеризуется неоднородностью и определяется различными причинами, что сказывается на уровне их развития. Исследование дифференциации приграничных регионов позволит оценить влияние географического положения на экономическое развитие и сформулировать направления экономической политики.

Development of border regions is characterized by heterogeneity and is determined by different reasons, which affects their level of development. The study of differentiation of border regions will allow assessing the impact of geographical location on economic development and formulate directions of economic policy.
GAMBARAN ASUPAN NATRIUM, LEMAK DAN SERAT PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI KELURAHAN TANJUNG GADING KECAMATAN PASIR PENYU KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HULU
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Marlina Yessi , Roziana Roziana , Yulianda Helistya
Published: December 2019

Tekanan darah dikatakan hipertensi apabila tekanan sistolik ≥140 mmHg dan atau tekanan diastolik ≥ 90 mmHg. Faktor penyebab hipertensi adalah pola makan tinggi natrium,tinggi lemak dan rendah serat. Berdasarkan rekapan laporan pemeriksaan kesehatan Di Puskesmas Air Molek tahun 2016 penyakit hipertensi merupakan penyakit terbesar dengan jumlah penderita 520 orang dan Kelurahan Tanjung Gading menempati urutan ke 4 dengan jumlah penderita sebanyak 19 orang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran asupan natrium, lemak dan serat pada penderita hipertensi di Posbindu Jelita di Kelurahan Tanjung Gading Kecamatan Pasir Penyu. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional.Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh anggotaPosbindu Jelitayang berjenis kelamin perempuan, memiliki tekanan darah sistolik ≥140 mmHg dan atau diastolik ≥90 mmHg serta aktif mengikuti kegiatan mingguan dan pemeriksaan kesehatan di Polindes Kelurahan Tanjung Gading yang berjumlah 19 orang.Metode pengambilan sampel secara totalsampling dan pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner food recall 3x24 jam Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh responden memiliki asupan natrium tidak baik (>1200 mg), terdapat 4 orang (21.1%) yang memiliki asupan lemak yang baik (<25% kebutuhan) dan sebanyak 15 orang (78.9%) memiliki asupan lemak tidak baik ( >25% kebutuhan) dan terdapat 3 orang (15.8%) asupan serat baik(>25 gr) dan terdapat 16 orang ( 84.2%) memiliki asupan serat yang tidak baik (<25 gr).
HUBUNGAN MENCARI SENSASI DENGAN PERILAKU PENGENDARA BERESIKO PADA REMAJA
Authors: Purba Jem Ulina , Husnan Husnan , Hamid Abdurrahman
Published: December 2019

Perilaku pengendara beresiko adalah istilah yang diberikan kepada pengendara yang meningkatkan resiko terjadinya kecelakaan lalu lintas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui hubungan sikap mencari sensasi dengan perilaku pengendara beresiko pada remaja. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah desain analisis korelasi dan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional, sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 126 responden, teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan random sampling, analisis yang dilakukan adalah analisis univariat, dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, remaja yang memiliki perilaku mengemudi beresiko tinggi sebanyak 72 orang (57,1%), setelah dilakukan analisis bivariat,mencari sensasi berhubungan dengan perilaku pengendara beresiko, P-value 0,024. Dapat disimpulkan bahwasikap mencari sensasi pada remaja secara statistik berhubungan dengan perilaku pengendara beresiko. Diharapkan pihak sekolah agar membimbing siswa dan siswi untuk menyalurkan energi mencari sensasi ke hal yang positif seperti, mengikuti eskul di sekolah, seperti eskul olahraga, seni, atau pada pelajaran yang non akademik.
Models of regional business spatial community management
Authors: Turek Tomasz
Published: December 2019

Online communities are no longer the domain of people. Due to changes in economy, the free flow of capital and people, and the processes of globalization, more and more often enterprises appear in communities. This applies in particular to the organizations based on the resources of information and knowledge. Relations of this type are called business communities. A specific form of this type of relation is projects undertaken within geographical areas: cities, states, and provinces. Due to the bonding agent - the geographical area - they are based on spatial information GIS systems. Projects arising this way can be called Regional Business Spatial Community - RBSC. In RBSC it is possible to perceive the features of network organizations and virtual organizations (VO). Network organization features are the result of geographical dispersion, established relations, common goals, and mutual synergic replenishment. VO features are a result of the role of information resources, temporariness, fuzziness, and the ability to reconfigure. Due to the characteristics of network organization and VO, RBSC management becomes a problem. The question is who has to make decisions and on what conditions in such projects. Possible scenarios are: democratic governance, the establishment of common unit coordinating and managing, ad-hoc flexible management, or the appointment of the subject responsible for the management.
Teaching Biostatistics to Medical Students of the Altai State Medical University
Authors: Trukhacheva Nina , Pupyrev Nikolay , Alyabieva Ylia , Tschernysheva Svetlana
Published: December 2019

The current research presents some principles and settings in teaching biostatistics. The purpose of study is to enhance the teaching of biostatistics in Russian medical schools and overcome some problems by applying new approaches and innovation techniques. The research included
the questionnaire of students, teachers and postgraduates of the Altai State Medical University. There were applied different approaches and studying by means of learning system MOODLЕ with differentiated courses in biostatistics. Categorical data were analyzed using the chi-square test and a P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The findings showed some new approaches and methods in education to improve the biostatistical competence of medical students. The changing in content of biostatistical course would increase students’ motivation if it were maximum approximated to the real medical
cases. The analysis of the results proved that some approaches are more
effective for teaching biostatistics. They allow students to study according to their personal educational goals and paths.
Diagnóstico de sostenibilidad de la Empresa Galix Tech S.A.
Authors: Quispe Quezada Uriel Rigoberto , Gómez Herrera Jhon Fred , Zevallos Lázaro Daissi Sayd
Published: December 2019

Objetivos. Realizar el diagnóstico de sostenibilidad de la Empresa Galix Tech S.A. identificando la situación actual, la problemática y perspectivas en las dimensiones sociales, ecológicas y económicas de las actividades de operación. Materiales y Métodos. El levantamiento de información se ha realizado mediante una encuesta debidamente formulada con los indicadores que reflejan promedios en las categorías indicadas. Es un estudio de tipo descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo; como herramienta para el análisis se ha utilizado el biograma para la identificación del desarrollo sostenible, el cual se obtiene a partir de los valores cuantitativos, representación gráfica de las unidades de medición. La herramienta principal es el software SAFE en la versión 1.0, en la que a través de las variables se ha obtenido valores máximos y mínimos posteriormente analizados. Resultados. Los resultados alcanzaron un rango de implementación de la sostenibilidad de 1.94 mejorable, sin embargo, hay dispersión en los factores medio ambientales y sociales, en ellos se deben de priorizar a tomar acciones y revisar los procedimientos, planes para lograr una continuidad a nivel empresarial sostenible. Conclusiones. Los valores promedios en la (S) alcanzó un promedio de 2.35 con grado de mejorable lo que le hace ligeramente sostenible en aspectos de satisfacción de los requerimientos del cliente y mercados, poniendo más entereza la empresa con sus clientes, satisfacción acordes a las necesidades del  mercado, con una variedad de productos en su portafolio, a nivel (S2) alcanzó valores promedio de 1.63, que representa una variación en  la  correlación  de  actividades  desde  la  organización,  manejo  de  sus procesos y utilización de sus recursos en la política ambiental, finalmente la (S3) alcanzó promedio  de 1.64, este promedio es insuficiente pues requiere promover aspectos sociales más eficientes que estén acordes con la sostenibilidad, mejorando el trato directo con el personal, atendiendo sus necesidades y estimulando beneficios acordes con el rendimiento y la productividad de los empleados, se debe de transparentar en la comunicación con mayor eficiencia.
Reconocimiento jurídico e historia en Kant. Apuntes para una posible superación de la contradicción entre historia y derecho
Authors: Quispe Pérez Ítalo Jaime
Published: December 2019

El reconocimiento en la filosofía de Kant, reconocimiento en general necesario para enfrentar las dificultades de la constitución, legitimación y mantenimiento del estado moderno, se ha presentado en la reflexión filosófica con un sesgo marcadamente jurídico; de modo que, los intentos por ampliar la concepción jurídica de este reconocimiento hacia criterios históricos que permiten contemplar los intereses particulares o la pluralidad de formas de vida son prácticamente inexistentes. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo argumentar que el reconocimiento jurídico kantiano presenta una base histórica que nos permite comprender las contradicciones entre historia y derecho. Sostengo, además, que la posibilidad de un reconocimiento que atiende a conceptos trascendentales y, sin embargo, no escapa de la historia de los agentes particulares ofrece mejores alternativas a la filosofía política para encarar el problema sobre cómo decidir qué reivindicaciones son legítimas y cuáles no lo son, problemas que la teoría del reconocimiento de inspiración hegeliana no ha solucionado del todo, según Honneth (Pereira, 2010).
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN PEMERIKSAAN PAYUDARA SENDIRI (SADARI) SEBAGAI DETEKSI DINI KANKER PAYUDARA PADA MAHASISWA DIII KEBIDANAN STIKES MURNI TEGUH
Authors: Ginting Laurena
Published: December 2019

Kasus kematian kanker di Indonesia menjadi yang tertinggi dengan angka 21,5 pada setiap 100.000, 70% pasien kanker payudara datang ke fasilitas kesehatan dengan keadaan stadium lanjut. Pengenalan penyakit kanker menjadi penting karena dapat menurunkan kasus baru kanker. Sehingga diperlukannya upaya pencegahan deteksi dini untuk mempermudah mengenali faktor risiko dan gejala kanker. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswi D-III Kebidanan STIKes Murni Teguh yaitu sebanyak 32 orang. Sampel berjumlah 100 orang mahasiswi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan total sampling. Penelitian dianalisa secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistik chi square. Dari hasil uji bivariat menunjukan Hasil uji Chi square dengan bantuan SPSS diperoleh nilai P = 0,001 (P ≤ 0. 005) sehingga dapat dikatakan secara statistik terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI) sebagai deteksi dini kanker payudara. Disarankan agar mahasiswi STIKes Murni Teguh meningkatkan Pengetahuan tentang pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI) dan rutin melakukan pemeriksaan payudara sendiri sesuai dengan waktu dan langkah – langkah pemeriksaan. STIKes Murni Teguh memberikan konseling dan informasi kepada mahasiswa untuk rutin melakukan SADARI.

 Cancer death cases in Indonesia are the highest with 21.5 in every 100,000, 70% of breast cancer patients come to health facilities with an advanced stage. The introduction of cancer is important because it can reduce new cases of cancer. So that the need to prevent early detection efforts to facilitate recognizing risk factors and symptoms of cancer. This type of research is descriptive analytic with cross sectional design. The population in this study were all 32 D-III Midwifery students from STIKes Murni Teguh. The sample amounted to 100 female students. Sampling is done using total sampling. The study was analyzed by univariate and bivariate tests with chi square statistics. From the results of the bivariate test, the results of the Chi square test with the help of SPSS obtained a value of P = 0.001 (P ≤ 0. 005) so that it can be said statistically there is a relationship between knowledge with breast self examination (BSE) as early detection of breast cancer. It is recommended that Pure STIKes students firmly increase their knowledge of breast self-examination (BSE) and routinely carry out breast self-examinations according to the time and steps of the examination. STIKes Murni Teguh provides counseling and information to students to routinely conduct BSE.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN DENGAN KUALITAS TIDUR PASIEN PRE OPERASI DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM SUNDARI MEDAN
Authors: Hop Muflih
Published: December 2019

Cemas merupakan suatu fenomena yang sering kita jumpai dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, cemas merupakan reaksi emosional terhadap penilaian dari stimulus. Namun pada dasarnya cemas yang berlebihan merupakan suatu keadaan ketika individu mengalami atau beresiko mengalami suatu perubahan nyaman atau mengganggu gaya hidup yang diinginkannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Ada Hubungan Tingkat Kecemasan dengan Kualitas Tidur Pada Pasien Pre Operasi Di Rumah Sakit Umum Sundari Medan. Desain yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional yaitu pengumpulan data yang diperoleh dalam waktu yang bersamaan satu kali pada saat pembagian koesioner. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien Pre operatif Di Rumah Sakit Umum Sundari Medan periode Januari - Maret 2016 sebanyak 50 pasien Pre operatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Total Population yaitu seluruh population di jadikan sampel dalam penelitian yaitu sebanyak 50 pasien Pre Operatif. Hasil Penelitian yang dilakukan Menggunkan Uji Chi-Square di dapatkan nilai p = 0,008 < 0,05 yang berarti Ada Hubungan Tingkat Kecemasan dengan Kualitas Tidur Pada Pasien Pre operasi Di Rumah Sakit Umum Sundari Medan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini diharapkan sebagai dasar pelayanan untuk meningkatkan pelayan kesehatan secara merata kepada pasien sehingga ketercapaian kualitas layanan lebih optimal sehingga pasien bisa mengendalikan diri dalam memenuhi kebutuhan akan kualitas tidur yang baik.

Anxiety is an unpleasant emotion, which is characterized by worries, concerns, fears that we sometimes experience, at different levels. According to the RISKESDAS 2012 held by the Ministry of Health, mental emotional disorders (depression and anxiety) experienced around JJ.6 percent of Indonesia's population (24, 708,000 respondents) whose age is over 15 years. While the 2014 data, the number of respondents who experience mental health problems such as stress, depression, excessive anxiety, fear,. to severe cases of schizophrenia reached 20-30%. Based on the description above, the researcher was interested in carrying out a research entitled Relationship of Anxiety with Sleep Quality on Preoperative Patients at Sundari General Hospital Medan. The design used in this study was an analytical survey with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all Preoperative patients at Sundari General Hospital Medan as marry as 50 respondents with sampling took the total population with Primary data collection techniques shared questionnaires. The results of research conducted using Chi-Square Test obtained p value = 0.038 <0.05 which means that there was a relationship between the level of anxiety and sleep quality on patients with preoperative surgery at Sundari General Hospital Medan. The conclusion of this study was that there was a relationship between anxiety levels and sleep quality on preoperative patients to prevent psychological disturbances that affect worse conditions.
PENGARUH JUS SEMANGKA TERHADAP MAP (MEAN ARTERI PRESSURE) PADA LANSIA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS BINJAI ESTATE
Authors: Efrina Sinurat Lasma Rina , Simamora Marthalena
Published: December 2019

Changes in modern lifestyles, such as smoking, drinking alcohol, unbalanced eating patterns and lack of physical activity can trigger an increased incidence of hypertension. One of the hypertension therapies that utilize herbal plants is watermelon. The study aims to determine the effect of watermelon juice on Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) in elderly people with hypertension in the Binjai Estate Health Center. This type of research is quasy-experimental one group pre-post test. The population used was all elderly with hypertension as many as 76 people. The samples in this study were 28 people using purposive sampling technique. Data analysis uses paired T-test (T-Dependent). The results showed that there was an influence of giving watermelon juice to Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) in elderly patients with hypertension with a p-value of 0,000 with a MAP value before being given watermelon juice therapy 119.304 mmHg and the value of MAP after watermelon juice therapy was 103.039 mmHg. It is recommended that patients be expected to continue to consume watermelon juice more routinely for 7 days weighing 250 grams / day, but need to control blood pressure so that hypotension does not occur suddenly and need to improve good lifestyle.

 

Perubahan gaya hidup modern, seperti merokok, minuman alkohol, pola makan yang tidak seimbang dan kurangnya aktivitas fisik dapat memicu meningkatnya angka kejadian penyakit hipertensi. Salah satu terapi hipertensi yang memanfaatkan tanaman herbal yaitu semangka. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian jus semangka terhadap Mean Arteri Pressure (MAP) pada lansia penderita hipertensi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Binjai Estate. Jenis penelitian quasy-eksperiment one group pre–post test. Populasi yang digunakan adalah seluruh lansia penderita hipertensi sebanyak 76 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 28 orang dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisa data menggunakan uji paired T-test (T-Dependent). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh pemberian jus semangka terhadap Mean Arteri Pressure (MAP) pada lansia penderita hipertensi dengan nilai p-value 0,000 dengan nilai MAP sebelum diberikan terapi jus semangka 119,304 mmHg dan nilai MAP sesudah diberikan terapi jus semangka 103,039 mmHg. Disarankan bagi  pasien diharapkan dapat melanjutkan untuk mengkonsumsi jus semangka lebih rutin selama 7 hari dengan berat 250 gram/hari, akan tetapi perlu mengontrol tekanan darah agar tidak terjadi hipotensi secara mendadak dan perlu memperbaiki pola hidup yang baik.
Writing/Drawing:
Authors: Treadwell Sarah
Published: December 2019

Words and pictures are ubiquitous, inhaled with morning coffee and exhaled in conversations, skype encounters and daily life. It might be argued that navigating between the visual and the written always involves an oscillation, a turning between variably activated modes that both depend upon and deny each other. On the relationship between words, the visual and their manoeuvres, an impressive array of scholarly analysis has been undertaken, with careful shifts, Manichean separations and precise nuances. But words and images do not occupy a general condition and instead can be understood to operate in cartels, organizations and cultures; relations between words and pictures are played out in bureaucratic structures and strictures, constrained in informational science and institutional habits particular to social and cultural groups.1
Within building and design cultures writing is often treated in an instrumental fashion (albeit subject to specific disciplinary codes), and is frequently attached to a picturing of a spatial condition, the image illustrating the import of the text. At times design writing is abbreviated, caption, notation or signature, and picturing can also be as abstract as code, measurement or diagram; each mode produces conditions of design predisposed by their discipline. Unlike other disciplines, interiority is uneasily placed in relationship to its traditional representation; perspectives attached to a drawing set, the flythrough running past the client, might be described as superfluous, excessive or unnecessary. Historical anxiety around three-dimensional interior imagery, the so- called meretriciousness of 19th century perspectives, continues with contemporary accusations alleging the triteness of rendered digital images.
Perhaps, however, it is the references that such interior representations make to life beyond the drawing set, beyond the instructional documents, that is disturbing. Interiority is attached to socially and culturally selected manifestations of power, gender, labour and materiality and when these conditions emerge in images of interiority, drawn or written, there is the potential to amplify or undermine usual disciplinary concerns. The moment of impropriety, the sore point, that seems to collect around images of interiority (written and drawn), might be, in part, because conventional representational systems tend to fail the full circumstances of interiority, collecting instead picturesque or conventional forms and resisting the complexity of the condition.
Comprensión lectora y educación intercultural: hacia un debate sobre el ajuste de los sistemas de medición estandarizados y su aplicación en entornos cultura urbano popular
Authors: Amaya García Marcela A.
Published: December 2019

La presente reflexión tiene por objetivo debatir respecto de la pertinencia que tienen los sistemas de medición de comprensión lectora aplicados en Chile en contextos cultura urbano popular. De este modo, se establece la relevancia de conjugar dos núcleos teóricos que, hasta ahora, han estado disociados, esto es, la disciplina Lingüística a través del fenómeno de la comprensión lectora y, el campo de los estudios interculturales en cuanto al abordaje de la realidad de sujetos (estudiantes) en situación de diversidad educativa, quienes asisten a escuelas donde se aborda la comprensión lectora, partiendo de una serie de estrategias nacidas desde la Didáctica de la Lengua tradicional y sobre la base del modelo pedagógico de lectura (Alliende y Condemarín, 2002) con el fin de mejorar, única y exclusivamente, los rendimientos en las pruebas estandarizadas nacionales e internacionales, tales como PISA y SIMCE, obviando así la subjetividad de los estudiantes.
Al sur de las palabras, de María José Sierra Calle, Granada, Editorial Alhulia, 2013.
Authors: Villanueva Roa Juan de Dios
Published: December 2019

Reseña de Al sur de las palabras, de María José Sierra Calle, Granada, Editorial Alhulia, 2013.
Artes y literatura en la LOMCE: mecanismos para la comprensión de lecturas plurales
Authors: De Vicente-Yagüe Jara Mª Isabel
Published: December 2019

The current curriculum in Compulsory Secondary Education within the LOMCE law evidences the existing connection between the different artistic expressions. Specifically in the literary subjects, it is aimed to promote the consideration of the links between Literature and the rest of arts (Music, Painting, Cinema…) as an expression of the human feelings, while analyzing and interrelating works, characters and plots from all the time periods.Aesthetics, Rhetoric, Poetry, Fine Arts, Musicology, Semiotic, the Comparative Literature, and Criticism, as disciplines interested in the foresaid pairing, have just joint their studies, examining, from a theoretical approach, the existing links and transpositions between arts. In the educational field, establishing analogies and intersections between arts is conceived as a process for understanding the literary works: the didactic use of the semiotic correspondences for showing an interconnected reality of multiple readings in the classroom.From that perspective, a literary hypertext allows non lineal readings, through its links and connections with other texts, enhancing the student’s reception and leading it towards multiple and significant realities. In that sense, the literary work, in where several possible reading itineraries coincide all together, acquires an open character, losing its consideration of being close and concluded. Hereby, we specify the type of activities, works and reading mechanisms that the new curricular approach requires; ekphrasis, melopoiesis, and Literature in films, among other dialogic links, that are a reclaim for the reading process in students while strengthening their aesthetical reception skills. In the same way, the theories about the reader intertext, linked to the literary training of students and the development of their reading comprehension, set the standards of the teaching methodology in the classroom.
Latencias de respuesta de lectura en español: efectos de lexicalidad y frecuencia
Authors: Difalcis Micaela , Ferreres Aldo , Osiadacz Natalia , Abusamra Valeria
Published: December 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo fue diseñar y aplicar una prueba de palabras y no palabras (PaNoPa) para estudiar las latencias de respuesta de lectura en una muestra de sujetos hispanohablantes. Un único estudio previo había informado tales efectos pero la prueba empleada no controlaba variables lexicales (número y frecuencia de vecinos ortográficos) ni sublexicales (frecuencia de bigramas y fonemas iniciales) que son importantes para la medición correcta de las latencias. La determinación fehaciente de los efectos de lexicalidad y frecuencia en participantes controles es relevante para la discusión sobre la universalidad de los modelos psicolingüísticos de lectura y también para la caracterización de las alteraciones de la lectura por lesiones cerebrales (alexias o acquired dyslexia) en sujetos hispanohablantes. Con una prueba exhaustivamente controlada se obtuvieron las latencias de lectura en una muestra de lectores hispanohablantes y se llevó a cabo un análisis ANOVA por sujeto y por tipo de estímulo. Los resultados mostraron latencias significativamente menores para palabras respecto de no palabras (efecto de lexicalidad) y para palabras frecuentes respecto de palabras infrecuentes (efecto de frecuencia). También se encontró una diferencia significativa entre las latencias de las palabras no frecuentes y las no palabras. Estos hallazgos aportan evidencia a favor de la existencia de una ruta léxica de lectura en una lengua transparente como el español y proveen una herramienta y datos para el estudio psicolingüístico de las alteraciones de la lectura de sujetos hispanohablantes con alexia.
Preconceptos y enseñanza de la escritura y la lectura en la formación inicial de los estudiantes de Magisterio
Authors: Díez Mediavilla Antonio , Güemes Suárez Luis , Molina Molina María
Published: December 2019

Las nuevas perspectivas aportadas por la crítica durante los últimos años nos empujan a plantear pautas de actuación didáctica de carácter claramente renovador en lo que se refiere a la consideración teórica y a las estrategias de actuación didáctica relacionadas con el aprendizaje de la lectoescritura. Conocer los preconceptos sobre los que han de operar los nuevos modelos de actuación didáctica resulta un requisito de especial utilidad a la hora de planificar la formación de los nuevos maestros. A tal fin, se ha seleccionado un grupo de 345 estudiantes de tercero de Magisterio en la especialidad de Primaria, a quienes se las ha pasado un cuestionario con una escala Likert de 4 puntos de respuesta (totalmente de acuerdo, de acuerdo, en desacuerdo, totalmente en desacuerdo) sobre distintos ámbitos relacionados con la enseñanza y desarrollo de las habilidades lecto-escritoras que nos permitirán conocer aquellas creencias o preconceptos que constituyen el magma operativo sobre el que habría que determinar qué aspectos deben reconducirse o completarse para la adecuada formación didáctica de los futuros maestros.
Initialzündung der europäischen Romantik. : Zur frühesten Rezeption von August Wilhelm Schlegels Vorlesungen ,,Ueber dramatische Kunst und Litteratur“ im Kreis von Coppet sowie bei Stendhal und Charles Nodier
Authors: KNÖDLER STEFAN
Published: December 2019

Abstract Die Übersetzung von August Wilhelm Schlegels Vorlesungen Ueber dramatische Kunst und Litteratur machte das französische Publikum 1814 erstmals mit den Ideen der deutschen Romantik bekannt. In den Äußerungen der Übersetzer und ersten
Leser im Kreis von Coppet um Germaine de Staël sowie der ersten Rezensenten Stendhal und Charles Nodier werden die Schwierigkeiten der französischen Leser sowohl mit Schlegels heftiger Kritik am klassischen Theater des Landes wie auch mit dem Begriff des ,Romantischen‘ deutlich.
Die Argumente der Befürworter wie Gegner sollen auch die Debatte der folgenden 20 Jahre prägen.The translation of August Wilhelm Schlegel’s lectures Ueber dramatische Kunst und Litteratur in 1814 distributed the ideas of German Romanticism in France. The reactions
of the translators and first readers in Germaine de Staël’s Circle of Coppet as well as the first critics by Stendhal and Charles Nodier show the difficulties of the French readers with Schlegel’s fierce criticism of French classical drama and with the idea of ,Romanticism‘
itself. The arguments of the proponents and the opponents will form the discussion of the following 20 years.
Galerie der Volksgeister. : Zum europäischen Diskurs des ,Nationalepos‘ im 19. Jahrhundert
Authors: DEHRMANN MARK-GEORG
Published: December 2019

Abstract Das ,Nationalepos‘ entsteht um 1800 aus einer spezifischen Diskursformation. Es beruht auf der Vorstellung, dass der identitäre Inbegriff einer Nation – der ,Volksgeist‘ – sich in einem zentralen Text manifestieren könne.
Insofern wird das Nationalepos im 19. Jahrhundert zu einem der Schlüsseltexte des Nationalismus. Der Drang, ebenfalls ein solches Epos vorweisen zu können, ist dabei ein europäisches – und auch über Europa hinausgehendes – Phänomen. Die zeitgenössischen
Theorien des Epos, die zur entsprechenden Auratisierung der Gattung entscheidend beigetragen haben, werden damit zu Blaupausen, um solche Texte herzustellen. Der Beitrag skizziert einige wichtige Momente dieser Epostheorien, um dann vier aus ihnen hervorgehende Praktiken zu beschreiben, mit
deren Hilfe Nationalepen konstituiert wurden: Finden (am Beispiel des französischen Chanson de Roland), Fälschen (die böhmischen Handschriften aus Königinhof und Grünberg), Ordnen (das finnische Kalevala) und Singen (am Nibelunge-Epos von Wilhelm
Jordan).The article deals with the national epic as a specific generic constellation that emerges around 1800. Conceived to be the manifestation of a nation’s identity – its ,spirit‘ –, the national epic serves as one of the textual cornerstones of contemporary
nationalism. The will to ,own‘ an epic, become a compulsion among the European nations. Contemporary genre theories that are debated internationally, help to provide the epic with its exceptional aura, at the same time serving as models for the establishment of such texts. Thus, the
nationalist epic must, quite ironically, be conceived as a European phenomenen, resulting from transnational cultural transfer. First, the article sketches some key aspects of contemporary theories of the genre; second, it presents four ways of constituting a national epic outlined by these
theories: finding, forging, ordering, and singing, using as examples the French Chanson de Roland, the Bohemian Manuscripts from Königinhof and Grünberg, the Finnish Kalevala, and Wilhelm Jordan’s German Nibelunge.
Victor Hugo. : Geopoesis der europäischen Literatur
Authors: HEYMANN BRIGITTE
Published: December 2019

Abstract Der Aufsatz untersucht Victor Hugos geopoetische Modellierung der europäischen Literatur, ihre metaphorische Territorialisierung und Kanonisierung im Horizont deutsch-französischer kultureller Kommunikation. Die Lektüre von Hugos Texten vollzieht einen
doppelten Perspektivwechsel der Interpretation von der Romantik zum Orientalismus, von der Ästhetik zur Ideologie des laïzistischen Republikanismus. In diesen Zusammenhängen wird Hugos Konzeptualisierung eines geeinten Europas in Bezug auf die von ihm propagierten Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien
kritisch reflektiert.This paper aims to investigate Victor Hugo’s geopoetic approach of european literature. In the horizon of german-french cultural communication it focuses on the metaphorical process of territorialisation and canonisation of european literature. By the twofold
interpretational turn from romanticism to orientalism, from aethetics to ideology, it examines Hugo’s textual strategies of in- and exclusion of cultures, literatures and authors from the european project.
Vom zündenden Funken. : Feuersbrünste als Katastrophenerfahrung zwischen Bericht und ästhetischer Herausforderung
Authors: BAUM CONSTANZE
Published: December 2019

Abstract Feuersbrünste werden auf unterschiedliche Weise in Texten und Bildern verarbeitet. Der Beitrag skizziert Dimensionen und Deutungsmuster von Feuererzählungen und Brandbildern anhand ausgewählter Beispiele. Neben den variantenreich eingesetzten Brandmotiven
im Werk Heinrich von Kleists werden unterschiedliche Befunde aus Flugschriften und anderen Medien zu Stadtbränden, vornehmlich der Frühen Neuzeit, zusammengetragen.Conflagrations are represented in texts and images in various ways. This article discusses the depiction and interpretation
of exemplary fire-narratives and fire-paintings. It examines, next to motifs of devastating burnings in the work of Heinrich von Kleist, pamphlets and other media on city-fires with a particular emphasis on material from the Early Modern period.
,,Blitz, Donnern, Krachen, Prasseln, Knallen“ : Lyrisches Starkwetter in Gedichten von Barthold Heinrich Brockes
Authors: KOŠENINA ALEXANDER
Published: December 2019

Abstract Der These, Naturkatastrophen hätten in Barthold Heinrich Brockes’ physikotheologisch harmonisierendem Weltbild keinen Platz, konnte Carsten Zelle wiederholt durch Gegenbeispiele entgegentreten. Der vorliegende Beitrag unterstützt diese Widerlegung
durch einen erweiterten Blick auf die Darstellung extremer Wetterereignisse in der Frühaufklärung. Brockes’ meteorologische Poesie wird hier als Verbindungsglied zwischen der praktischen Hausväterliteratur Franz Philipp Florins (1702) und der historisch-naturwissenschaftlichen
Lehrdichtung – etwa Johann von Rists (1648) oder Gottfried Ephraim Scheibels (1752) – gelesen. Nicht zuletzt durch Illustrationskunst unterstützt, entwirft Brockes in seinen Sturm- und Flutgedichten Katastrophenbilder, die zur Anerkennung eines zugleich strafenden und gütig
schützenden Gottes einladen. Die Ästhetik des Erhabenen übt dabei eine starke affektive Wirkung auf die Betrachter aus.Various examples to the contrary, Carsten Zelle has refuted the contention that representations of natural disasters are absent in the poetry of Barthold
Heinrich Brockes. This paper further refutes this contention by offering a wider perspective on the early Enlightenment, demonstrating that preoccupations of this period are less harmonious than often assumed. Brockes’ poems about extreme weather are situated between practical guidebooks
for early economists (e.g. Franz Philipp Florin, 1702) and didactic poetry on meteorology (e.g. Johann von Rist, 1648; Gottfried Ephraim Scheibel, 1752). Supported by images, Brockes’ depictions of catastrophic storms and floods evoke a punishing yet at the same time protecting almighty
God. An aesthetics of the sublime enhances this vision of God by eliciting a strong affective response in the reader.
Seismische Erschütterungen und female empowerment: Erdbeben-Narrative und Gender vom 18. bis zum frühen 20. Jahrhundert
Authors: PAILER GABY
Published: December 2019

Abstract Der Beitrag untersucht Erdbeben-Narrative, d. h. seismische Erschütterungen als Motiv, Metapher, Agens und Medium in literarischen Texten variabler Genres vom 18. bis zum frühen 20. Jahrhundert. Er konzentriert sich auf die historisch desaströsen Ereignisse
von Lissabon 1755, Messina 1783, Guadeloupe 1843 und San Francisco 1906 und ihre Diskurs- und Mediengeschichte. Die Ausführungen basieren auf theoretischen Überlegungen zu Vorstellungen von Anthropozän, Aufklärung und gender.This article examines earthquake narratives,
i.e. seismic upheavals as motif, metaphor, agent, and medium within literary texts of various genres, from the 18th to the early 20th century. It is focused on the historical disastrous events of Lisbon 1755, Messina 1783, Guadeloupe 1843, and San Francisco 1906, and their discourse and media
histories. The argument is based on theoretical considerations regarding notions of anthropocene, enlightenment, and gender.
Unified syntax in the bilingual mind
Authors: Declerck Mathieu , Wen Yun , Snell Joshua , Meade Gabriela , Grainger Jonathan
Published: December 2019

Are syntactic representations shared across languages, and how might that inform the nature of syntactic computations? To investigate these issues, we presented French-English bilinguals with mixed-language word sequences for 200 ms and asked them to report the identity of one word at a post-cued location. The words either formed an interpretable grammatical sequence via shared syntax (e.g.,ses feet sont big– where the French wordssesandsonttranslate intohisandare,respectively) or an ungrammatical sequence with the same words (e.g.,sont feet ses big). Word identification was significantly greater in the grammatical sequences – a bilingual sentence superiority effect. These results not only provide support for shared syntax, but also reveal a fascinating ability of bilinguals to simultaneously connect words from their two languages through these shared syntactic representations.
Mapping the Magnetic Interstellar Medium in Three Dimensions over the Full Sky with Neutral Hydrogen
Authors: Clark S. E. , Hensley Brandon S.
Published: December 2019

Recent analyses of 21 cm neutral hydrogen (H i) emission have demonstrated that H i gas is organized into linear filamentary structures that are preferentially aligned with the local magnetic field, and that the coherence of these structures in velocity space traces line-of-sight magnetic field tangling. On this basis, we introduce a paradigm for modeling the properties of magnetized, dusty regions of the interstellar medium (ISM), using the orientation of H i structure at different velocities to map “magnetically coherent” regions of space. We construct three-dimensional (position–position–velocity) Stokes parameter maps using H i4PI full-sky spectroscopic H i data. We compare these maps, integrated over the velocity dimension, to Planck maps of the polarized dust emission at 353 GHz. Without any free parameters governing the relation between H i intensity and dust emission, we find that our Q and U maps are highly correlated (r > 0.75) with the 353 GHz Q and U maps of polarized dust emission observed by Planck and reproduce many of its large-scale features. The E/B ratio of the dust emission maps agrees well with the H i-derived maps at large angular scales (ℓ ≲ 120), supporting the interpretation that this asymmetry arises from the coupling of linear density structures to the Galactic magnetic field. We demonstrate that our 3D Stokes parameter maps constrain the 3D structure of the Galactic ISM and the orientation of the interstellar magnetic field.
Maximum Palmar Abduction Angle of the Trapeziometacarpal Joint in Healthy Subjects Can Be Evaluated Accurately Using a Radiograph-Based Measurement Technique
Authors: Takada Itsuro , Shimizu Soichiro , Seno Katsutoshi , Kobayashi Nobue , Hasegawa Kenjiro , Mitani Shigeru , Hasegawa Toru
Published: December 2019

In carpal tunnel syndrome, the abductor pollicis brevis, which is the primary muscle for the palmar abduction of the thumb, is almost inevitably impaired. The active palmar abduction of the thumb may be a better indicator of thumb disability. The authors aimed to establish a simple and accurate method to measure the angle of active palmar abduction of the thumb and to determine the maximum angle values in healthy women. Twenty-five women 20 to 21 years old with no disorder of the hand participated in this study voluntarily. Three measurement methods were tested. The first method was designed according to the Japanese Orthopaedic Association and the second method was designed according to the American Society of Hand Therapists; both use photographs to perform measurement calculations. In the third method, 2 orthopedic surgeons measured the same angle as that described in the second method on hand radiographs. Intra- and interobserver reliability were assessed for each method and described as interclass correlation coefficients. The first and third methods had strong inter- and intraobserver reliability. The second method had strong intraobserver reliability but medium interobserver reliability. The measurement obtained with the first method was significantly different from the values obtained by the second and third methods (almost double). Therefore, the authors regarded the third method as the most appropriate approach for measuring active palmar abduction of the thumb, which, in healthy individuals, yielded maximum values of 45.3°±6.4° and 44°±7° for the left hand and the right hand, respectively. [
Orthopedics
. 2020; 43(2):e95–e101.]
Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells Generated by BAFF Silencing Ameliorate Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Modulating the Th17/Regulatory T Cell Balance
Authors: Zhao Yingjie , Sun Xiaojing , Yang Xuezhi , Zhang Bingjie , Li Siyu , Han Ping , Zhang Binbin , Wang Xinwei , Li Susu , Chang Yan , Wei Wei
Published: December 2019

Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) have received much attention because of their capacity to restore immune homeostasis. RNA interference techniques have been used in several studies to generate tolDCs by inactivating certain molecules that regulate DC maturation and immunologic function. BAFF is a key B cell survival factor that is not only essential for B cell function but also T cell costimulation, and DCs are the major source of BAFF. In this study, we determined whether BAFF gene silencing in mature DCs could lead to a tolerogenic phenotype as well as the potential therapeutic effect of BAFF-silenced DCs on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. Meanwhile, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated BAFF−/− DC2.4 cells were generated to verify the role of BAFF in DC maturation and functionality. BAFF-silenced DCs and BAFF−/− DC2.4 cells exhibited an immature phenotype and functional state. Further, the transplantation of BAFF-silenced DCs significantly alleviated CIA severity in mice, which correlated with a reduction in Th17 populations and increased regulatory T cells. In vitro, BAFF-silenced DCs promoted Foxp3 mRNA and IL-10 expression but inhibited ROR-γt mRNA and IL-17A expression in CD4+ T cells. Together, BAFF-silenced DCs can alleviate CIA, partly by inducing Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and suppressing Th17 subsets. Collectively, BAFF plays an important role in interactions between DCs and T cells, which might be a promising genetic target to generate tolDCs for autoimmune arthritis treatment.
System I/O Optimization with SoC, SiP, PCB Co-Design
Authors: Wang Lance
Published: December 2019

The increasing complexity of system on chips (SoCs) combined with a new generation of designs that combine multiple chips in a single package is creating new challenges in the design of packages, printed circuit boards (PCBs) and integrated circuits (ICs). The process typically involves three independent design processes – chip, package and PCB – carried out with point tools whose interface requires time-consuming manual processes that are error-prone and limit the potential for reuse. This challenge is being addressed by a new integrated 3D chip/package/board co-design environment that makes it possible to holistically optimize the package, board and IC design to a greater degree than was possible in the past by considering the system-level impact of each design decision. The new co-design approach enables designers to optimize routability via pin assignment and I/O placement to achieve minimum layer counts between chip, package and board. The end result is higher performance.
Optimized ECD Cu RDL Process with Via Filling Capability for Next Generation Packaging
Authors: Schmidt Ralf
Published: December 2019

Next generation mobile devices, especially those with 5G capability, will require higher functionality and speed in combination with shrinking component as well as package dimensions. These requirements pose challenges to upcoming heterogeneous integration. In order to account for the increasingly complex technologies, filling of vias with copper will be required for packaging of the various components. Examples for such via filling applications include next generation radio frequency (RF) filters and multilayer redistribution layers (RDLs). However, the size scales of these applications vary from 100 μm to sub 5 μm. In addition to via filling of different dimensions and aspect ratios, the copper electrodeposition process is also supposed to be able to plate lines and pads within the RDLs. A combination of electrochemical and spectroscopic experiments was applied to optimize organic plating additives with respect to their suitability to deposit copper into this broad variety of structures.
Evaluation of Reliability of Lead-free Solders in Silver-free Hybrids
Authors: Shen Zhenzhen , Reiderman Aleksey
Published: December 2019

Silver and silver-filled materials are widely used for hybrid substrate conductors, component terminals and conductive attachment materials. However, some concerns exist about using silver, especially for high-voltage hybrid assemblies that must operate in harsh non-hermetic or semi-hermetic applications.

This paper discusses the reliability testing of silver-free components attachment materials. The target application temperature for this research was 185°C. Target duration at temperature was 500 hours. The evaluation of Sn100C solder was performed in comparison to solders of Sn96 and Au80Sn20. Two types of Ag-free thick-film substrates were tested with different type of solders to mount surface-mounted technology (SMT) components. The assembled test samples were subjected to thermal aging and thermal cycle tests. At each test interval, shear tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical performance. Cross sections of the solder joint and thick-film interface were used to understand the intermetallic compounds (IMC) formation and failure mechanisms under thermal stress. Tests for conductive filament growth was performed to evaluate the behavior of Sn-based solders in powered assemblies under target environmental conditions. Test results were discussed and suggestions for achieving a reliable, silver-free thick-film hybrid were made.