bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
C. elegans XMAP215/ZYG-9 and TACC/TAC-1 act at multiple times during oocyte meiotic spindle assembly and promote both spindle pole coalescence and stability
Authors: Harvey Austin M. , Chuang Chien-Hui , Sumiyoshi Eisuke , Bowerman Bruce
Published: January 2023

The conserved two-component XMAP215/TACC modulator of microtubule stability is required in multiple animal phyla for acentrosomal spindle assembly during oocyte meiotic cell division. In C. elegans, XMAP215/zyg-9 and TACC/tac-1 mutant oocytes exhibit multiple and indistinguishable oocyte spindle assembly defects beginning early in meiosis I. To determine if these defects represent one or more early requirements with additional later and indirect consequences, or multiple temporally distinct and more direct requirements, we have used live cell imaging and fast-acting temperature-sensitive zyg-9 and tac-1 alleles to dissect their requirements at high temporal resolution. Temperature upshift and downshift experiments indicate that the ZYG-9/TAC-1 complex has multiple temporally distinct and separable requirements throughout oocyte meiotic cell division. First, we show that during prometaphase ZYG-9 and TAC-1 promote the coalescence of early pole foci into a bipolar structure, stabilizing pole foci as they grow and limiting their growth rate, with these requirements being independent of an earlier defect in microtubule organization that occurs upon nuclear envelope breakdown. Second, during metaphase, ZYG-9 and TAC-1 maintain spindle bipolarity by suppressing ectopic pole formation. Third, we show that ZYG-9 and TAC-1 also are required for spindle assembly during meiosis II, independently of their meiosis I requirements. The metaphase pole stability requirement appears to be important for maintaining chromosome congression, and we discuss how negative regulation of microtubule stability by ZYG-9/TAC-1 during oocyte meiotic cell division might account for the observed defects in spindle pole coalescence and stability.
Lessons from the meiotic recombination landscape of the ZMM deficient budding yeast Lachancea waltii
Authors: Dutreux Fabien , Dutta Abhishek , Peltier Emilien , Bibi-Triki Sabrina , Friedrich Anne , Llorente Bertrand , Schacherer Joseph
Published: January 2023

Meiotic recombination is a driving force for genome evolution, deeply characterized in a few model species, notably in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Interestingly, Zip2, Zip3, Zip4, Spo16, Msh4, and Msh5, members of the so-called ZMM pathway that implements the interfering meiotic crossover pathway in S. cerevisiae, have been lost in Lachancea yeast species after the divergence of Lachancea kluyveri from the rest of the clade. In this context, after investigating meiosis in L. kluyveri, we determined the meiotic recombination landscape of Lachancea waltii. Attempts to generate diploid strains with fully hybrid genomes invariably resulted in strains with frequent whole-chromosome aneuploidy and multiple extended regions of loss of heterozygosity (LOH), which mechanistic origin is so far unclear. Despite the lack of multiple ZMM pro-crossover factors in L. waltii, numbers of crossovers and noncrossovers per meiosis were higher than in L. kluyveri but lower than in S. cerevisiae, for comparable genome sizes. Similar to L. kluyveri but opposite to S. cerevisiae, L. waltii exhibits an elevated frequency of zero-crossover bivalents. Lengths of gene conversion tracts for both crossovers and non-crossovers in L. waltii were comparable to those observed in S. cerevisiae and shorter than in L. kluyveri despite the lack of Mlh2, a factor limiting conversion tract size in S. cerevisiae. L. waltii recombination hotspots were not shared with either S. cerevisiae or L. kluyveri, showing that meiotic recombination hotspots can evolve at a rather limited evolutionary scale within budding yeasts. Finally, L. waltii crossover interference was reduced relative to S. cerevisiae, with interference being detected only in the 25 kb distance range. Detection of positive inference only at short distance scales in the absence of multiple ZMM factors required for interference-sensitive crossovers in other systems likely reflects interference between early recombination precursors such as DSBs.
On the intrinsic curvature of animal whiskers
Authors: Luo Yifu , Hartmann Mitra J. Z.
Published: January 2023

Facial vibrissae (whiskers) are thin, tapered, flexible, hair-like structures that are an important source of tactile sensory information for many species of mammals. In contrast to insect antennae, whiskers have no sensors along their lengths. Instead, when a whisker touches an object, the resulting deformation is transmitted to mechanoreceptors in a follicle at the whisker base. Previous work has shown that the mechanical signals transmitted along the whisker will depend strongly on the whisker’s geometric parameters, specifically on its taper (how diameter varies with arc length) and on the way in which the whisker curves, often called “intrinsic curvature.” Although previous studies have largely agreed on how to define taper, multiple methods have been used to quantify intrinsic curvature. The present work compares and contrasts different mathematical approaches towards quantifying this important parameter. We begin by reviewing and clarifying the definition of “intrinsic curvature,” and then show results of fitting whisker shapes with several different functions, including polynomial, fractional exponent, elliptical, and Cesàro. Comparisons are performed across ten species of whiskered animals, ranging from rodents to pinnipeds. We conclude with a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of using the various models for different modeling situations. The fractional exponent model offers an approach towards developing a species-specific parameter to characterize whisker shapes within a species. Constructing models of how the whisker curves is important for the creation of mechanical models of tactile sensory acquisition behaviors, for studies of comparative evolution, morphology, and anatomy, and for designing artificial systems that can begin to emulate the whisker-based tactile sensing of animals.
Nanoparticle ocular immunotherapy for herpesvirus surface eye infections evaluated in cat infection model
Authors: Lappin Michael , Wotman Kathryn , Chow Lyndah , Williams Maggie , Hawley Jennifer , Dow Steven
Published: January 2023

Ocular herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) infections can trigger conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis, and occasionally retinitis, and is a major cause of blindness worldwide. The infections are lifelong and can often recrudesce during periods of stress or immune suppression. Currently HSV-1 infections of the eye are managed primarily with anti-viral eye drops, which require frequent administration, can cause irritation, and may take weeks for full resolution of symptoms. We therefore evaluated the effectiveness of an ocular immune activating nanoparticle eye drop as a novel approach to treating HSV-1 infection, using a cat feline herpesvirus -1 (FHV-1) ocular infection model. In vitro studies demonstrated significant induction of both type I and II interferon responses by the liposome-dual TLR 3/9 agonist nanoparticles, along with suppression of FHV-1 replication. In cats with naturally occurring eye infections either proven or suspected to involve FHV-1, ocular nanoparticle treated animals experienced resolution of signs within several days of treatment, including resolution of keratitis and corneal ulcers. In a cat model of recrudescent FHV-1 infection, cats treated twice daily with immune nanoparticle eye drops experienced significant lessening of ocular signs of infection and significantly fewer episodes of viral shedding compared to control cats. Treatment was well-tolerated by all cats, without signs of drug-induced ocular irritation. We concluded therefore that non-specific ocular immunotherapy offers significant promise as a novel approach to treatment of HSV-1 and FHV-1 ocular infections.
β-patchoulene alleviates cognitive dysfunction in a mouse model of sepsis associated encephalopathy by inhibition of microglia activation through Sirt1/Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: Tian Ye , Wang Lin , Fan Xiaojing , Zhang Hui , Dong Zhiwei , Tao Tianzhu
Published: January 2023

Background

Sepsis associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common but poorly understood complication during sepsis. Currently, there are no preventive or therapeutic agents available for this neurological disorder. The present study was designed to determine the potential protective effects of β-patchoulene (β-PAE) in a mouse model of SAE and explore the putative mechanisms underpinning the beneficial effects.

Materials and methods

SAE was induced in C57BL/6 mice by cecal ligation and puncture(CLP). Mice were administrated with β-PAE or saline by intra-cerebral ventricle(i.c.v) injection immediately after CLP surgery. The inhibitory avoidance tests and open field tests were performed at 24h, 48h and 7days after procedures. Cytokines expression, oxidative parameters, microglia polarization and apoptosis in the brain tissue were assessed. Sirt1, Nrf2, HO-1and cleaved-caspase3 expression in hippocampus was determined by western-blotting. Further, serum cytokines expression and spleen lymphocytes apoptosis were evaluated, and survival study was performed.

Results

Septic mice suffered severe cognitive decline following CLP as evidenced by decreased memory latency time and lower frequency of line crossing in the behavioral tests. A high dose of β-PAE(1mg/kg) improved the cognitive impairment in SAE mice, which was accompanied by reduced cytokines expression and oxidative stress. Immunofluorescence assay showed that β-PAE inhibited the expression of Iba-1 and iNOS in microglia. The mechanistic study indicated that β-PAE could promote the nuclear expression of Sirt1/Nrf2 and enhance cytoplasmic HO-1 expression. Furthermore,i.c.vadministration of β-PAE decreased the expression of serum cytokines and apoptosis in the spleen, thus leading to an improved 7-day survival of septic mice. Finally, blockade of Nrf2 activation with ML385 largely mitigated the protective effects of β-PAE on the cognitive function, neuroinflammation and survival in SAE mice.

Conclusion

In this study, we found that β-PAE significantly altered sepsis induced neuroinflammation and microglia activation, thus reversed the cognitive decline and improved the peripheral immune function. The neuroprotective effects were possibly mediated by the activation of Sirt1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. β-PAE might serve as a promising therapeutic agent for SAE prevention and treatment.
Greater numbers of passes and shorter possession durations result in increased likelihood of goals in 2010 to 2018 World Cup Champions
Authors: Taha Tim , Ali Ahmed-Yahya
Published: January 2023

Data analysis in football has indicated an increased likelihood of goals with fewer passes within a possession which have resulted in recommendations of fewer passes and more direct play to score goals. These recommendations did not consider where possessions originated and appear to be contradicted by on-field playing tactics by recent championship winning clubs and national teams in elite competition. Therefore, this study examined the influence of number of passes and possession duration on the likelihood of a shot, or a goal scored during possessions originating in the defensive zone. 4465 possessions originating in the defensive zones of the French, German and Spanish Men’s National teams at the 2010 to 2018 World Cups were analyzed. The possessions were analyzed for the length in time of possession (TP0.3), the number of passes completed (nPass0.425) and the number of defenders in the offensive zone. Each possession was classified whether or not a shot occurred, a goal occurred or the ball was returned back into the defensive zone. Mixed-effects multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to model the log odds of a shot, goal, or went-back occurrence at the end of each possession. The logs odds of a shot decreased by -0.29 (p = 0.036) with each pass (nPass0.425) and the log odds of a goal decreased with time of possession (TP0.3) by 1.000 (p = 0.014) and increased with number of passes by 0.775 (p = 0.046). The logs odds of the ball being returned to the defensive zone increased with more passes and greater numbers of defensive players while decreasing with a longer possession duration. The results indicate that a greater number of passes had a positive influence on goal scoring while a longer possession duration had a negative effect. The findings suggest that teams with possessions gained in the defensive zone can use a high number of passes in a short period of time can increase their likelihood of scoring goals.
Simple anthropometric measures to predict visceral adipose tissue area in middle-aged Indonesian men
Authors: Matondang Sahat Basana Romanti Ezer , Adiandrian Bennadi , Karismaputri Komang Shary , Marcella Cicilia , Prihartono Joedo , Tahapary Dicky Levenus
Published: January 2023

The diagnosing of central obesity requires ethnic-specific cut-offs of waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI). This study aims to develop formulas to predict visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area based on WC and BMI to determine the cut-off points of central obesity in Indonesia. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 32 middle-aged Indonesian men. VAT area was measured using an abdominal CT scan, whereas WC and BMI were assessed through anthropometric measurements. Linear regression analysis was performed to define the formulas to predict VAT area using WC and BMI. Next, the optimal cut-off values of WC and BMI were determined using ROC curve analysis. Strong positive correlations were found between WC and VAT as well as BMI and VAT (r = 0.78; r = 0.67, p <0.001). The formula to predict VAT area from WC was −182.65 + (3.35 × WC), whereas the formula to predict VAT area from BMI was −57.22 + (6.95 × BMI). These formulas predicted WC of 88.5 cm and BMI of 23.9 kg/m2 as the optimal cut-off values for central obesity in middle-aged Indonesian men.
Nontechnical skills training in intensive care units: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Santiago Fernandes Pimenta Isac Davidson , de Sousa Mata Ádala Nayana , Machado Bezerra Isaac Newton , Carneiro Capucho Helaine , de Souza Oliveira Adriana Catarina , Echevarría Pérez Paloma , Piuvezam Grasiela
Published: January 2023

This study is aimed at describing a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of nontechnical skills training on the acquisition of knowledge, skills or attitudes, and changes in behavior at the workplace, of healthcare professionals working in intensive care units (ICUs), as well as the effect on outcomes at an organizational level. We will search for original studies in the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases. Studies with a clinical trial or quasi-experimental design will be included. Two reviewers will independently screen and assess the included studies, with any disagreements being resolved by a third reviewer. We will summarize the findings using a narrative approach and, if possible, conduct a quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis). We will conduct the protocol following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. The review will summarize the current evidence on nontechnical skills training in ICUs, examining satisfaction with the training program, improvements in knowledge about nontechnical skills and the adoption of safety behaviors, as well as improvement in outcomes for the organization, such as mortality rates, length of stay and cost indicators. We expect that the systematic review could indicate effective strategies for training ICU professionals in nontechnical skills and also determine whether these strategies really improve the safety culture and professional knowledge and behaviors, as well as patient outcomes and safety.
Romarcord: Flânerie, spectacle et mémoire dans la Rome de Federico Fellini, Marina Vargau (2021)
Authors: Lanzoni Rémi
Published: January 2023

Review of: Romarcord: Flânerie, spectacle et mémoire dans la Rome de Federico Fellini, Marina Vargau (2021)

Toronto: Guernica World Editions, 500 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-77183-689-0, p/bk, CAD$39.95, US$34.95, £19.95
Women in media: ‘Planting and watering the seeds for change’: A conversation with Domizia De Rosa
Authors: Laviosa Flavia
Published: January 2023

Domizia De Rosa joined the Warner Bros. group in 1995 and was promoted to executive director at Warner Bros. International Television Italia Srl. in 2014. The president of Women in Film, Television and Media Italy (WIFTMI) since 2021, De Rosa is committed to promoting gender equality in the Italian audio-visual and media sectors. In this interview, she talks about her career as a woman in a position of authority in the media industry and how she gradually rose through the ranks to become an executive director of the Warner Bros. Entertainment Italia group. She also explains the reasons for the asymmetrical presence of women in television, illustrates the goals of the Code of Ethical Conduct for the Audio-Visual Sector that was established in 2021 and discusses the value of ‘creative intimacy’ as the synthesis of personal experiences precious to building a community of creative professionals.
‘When you change the view from where you stood, the things you view will change for good’: An introduction to the mobilities paradigm in musical theatre
Authors: Grosch Nils
Published: January 2023

Musical theatre is frequently framed as connected to place and space, as terms like ‘the Broadway musical’ or ‘the Viennese operetta’ imply. National categorization, used prominently in titles of key monographs and handbooks, has turned out to be a moulding structure for the genre’s historiography. The term ‘American popular song form’ insinuates that musical form and style may reasonably be categorized by national adjectives. This is also true for the national attribution of earlier genres, such as the supposedly British ballad opera, French opéra comique and German singspiel. Signature pieces of the genre, e.g., the musicals of Rodgers and Hammerstein, have been read as documents of national re-affirmation. Nevertheless, a major portion of the repertoire can just as well be reinterpreted as a statement for mobility, thus bringing into question the tropes of regional rootedness and national at-homeness. Starting with methodological assumptions given in Stephen Greenblatt’s cultural mobility manifesto (), this article will examine the unquestioned frames of fixity in musical theatre scholarship and sound out alternatives that allow readings of the genre as mobile.
‘There was no one in the audience’: The first Soviet musical on a Czechoslovak stage
Authors: Frank Vojtěch
Published: January 2023

After the 1968 Soviet invasion, the people of Czechoslovakia could not avoid the presence of Soviet culture, which was a symbolic manifestation of subordination to the Soviet hegemony. When researching the theatre culture of this era, one comes across a very specific tension between the state’s cultural politics, the principles of theatres’ repertoire-making and audience perceptions. As new Soviet musicals began to appear on Czechoslovak stages in the early 1970s, serving as obligatory Soviet titles, audiences were not very approving, even as the official discourse created a completely different image. The case study of the 1971 Prague production of the Soviet musical Nobody Is Happier Than Me by Andrei Eshpai shows the impact of cultural politics on the theatre industry, how the discourse balanced the unpopularity of the show and its political importance and how the production was perceived by various agents involved in it. Research on this previously untouched area can shed light on the cultural mechanisms of late communism in Czechoslovakia, the nature of popular culture in communist states and the relationship between the Soviet Union and its satellites.
Increased Proportion of Colorectal Cancer in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis Undergoing Surgery in the Netherlands
Authors: Heuthorst Lianne , Harbech Houda , Snijder Harmanna J. , Mookhoek Aart , D'Haens Geert R. , Vermeire Séverine , D'Hoore André , Bemelman Willem A. , Buskens Christianne J.
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:

The aim of the current study was to assess whether there is an indication shift for surgery in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) from refractory disease to malignant degeneration over the past 3 decades.

METHODS:

All patients with histologically confirmed UC who underwent a colorectal resection between 1991 and 2020 were extracted from the nationwide Dutch Pathology Registry. The primary outcome was the proportion of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the colon specimens. Outcomes were compared between 3 periods (P1: 1991–2000, P2: 2001–2010, and P3: 2011–2020).

RESULTS:

Overall, 6,094 patients with UC were included of which 4,854 underwent a (procto)colectomy and 1,240 a segmental resection. In 1,031 (16.9%) patients, CRC was demonstrated in the pathological resection specimen after a median disease duration of 11 years (IQR 3.0–19.0). The proportion of CRC increased from 11.3% in P1, to 16.1% in P2, and 22.8% in P3 (P < 0.001). Median disease duration at the time of resection increased from 4 years in P1, to 10 years in P2, and 17 years in P3 (P < 0.001). The proportion of patients diagnosed with advanced malignancy (pT3/T4) (P1: 61.2% vs P2: 65.2% vs P3: 62.4%, respectively, P = 0.633) and lymph node metastasis (N+) (P1: 33.0% vs P2: 41.9% vs P3: 38.2%, respectively, P = 0.113) did not change over time.

DISCUSSION:

This nationwide pathology study demonstrated an increased proportion of surgery for CRC over the past 3 decades. We hypothesize that the expanding therapeutic armamentarium for UC leads to exhausting medical options and hence postponed colectomy. This, however, might be at the expense of an increased risk of CRC in the long term.
@MondayNightIBD and the Expanding Gastroenterology Twitterverse: A Study on Continuing Medical Education on #GITwitter
Authors: Goldowsky Alexander , Billings Wade , Kickel Allison , Charabaty Aline
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:

@MondayNightIBD provides weekly continuing medical education (CME) activities focused on inflammatory bowel diseases to clinicians on Twitter. Given its novelty, we assessed whether @MondayNightIBD improves learner knowledge and leads to practice change. We also examined whether inflammatory bowel disease topics addressed in @MondayNightIBD are aligned with entrustable professional activities (EPA) set forth by national gastroenterology societies.

METHODS:

@MondayNightIBD CME sessions from February 2020 (date the handle was accredited to provide CME) to May 2021 were analyzed. Preactivity and postactivity knowledge was assessed for average score improvement using the Student t test and Cohen d effect size. Postactivity surveys examined for learners' perceptions of whether activities met educational goals and affected willingness to change clinical practice using descriptive percentages. In addition, activities from April 2019 (date of @MondayNightIBD inception) to May 2021 were assessed for whether they address EPA set forth by national gastroenterology societies.

RESULTS:

Learners' knowledge improved after @MondayNightIBD activities with average preactivity correct answers of 58% to a postactivity average of 79% (P < 0.001). Greater than 95% of learners found that activities met learning objectives and enhanced knowledge. A total of 92% of learners were committed to practice change because of their @MondayNightIBD participation. Finally, 78% of EPA set forth by a national gastroenterology society have been covered by @MondayNightIBD since its inception.

DISCUSSION:

@MondayNightIBD is a Twitter-based CME activities platform for gastroenterologists and other clinicians that is embraced by learners, improves knowledge, and encourages practice change. Topics covered during @MondayNightIBD are aligned with EPA set forth by national gastroenterology societies. @MondayNightIBD is a successful model of social media medical education and a novel approach to effectively provide evidence-based CME.
Techno-Economic Analysis of Co-firing for Pulverized Coal Boilers Power Plant in Indonesia
Authors: Arifin Zainal , Insani Visang Fardha Sukma , Idris Muhammad , Hadiyati Kartika Raras , Anugia Zakie , Irianto Dani
Published: January 2023

The utilization of co-firing (coal-biomass) in existing coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) is the fastest and most effective way to increase the renewable energy mix, which has been dominated by pulverized coal (PC) boilers, particularly in the Indonesian context. This study aims to investigate the technical and economic aspects of co-firing by conducting a pilot project of three PC boiler plants and capturing several preliminary figures before being implemented for the entire plants in Indonesia. Various measured variables, such as plant efficiency, furnace exit gas temperature (FEGT), fuel characteristic, generating cost (GC), and flue gas emissions, were identified and compared between coal-firing and 5%-biomass co-firing. The result from three different capacities of CFPP shows that co-firing impacts the efficiency of the plant corresponding to biomass heating value linearly and has an insignificant impact on FEGT. Regarding environmental impact, co-firing has a high potential to reduce SO2 and NOx emissions depending on the sulfur and nitrogen content of biomass. SO2 emission decreases by a maximum of 34% and a minimum of 1.88%. While according to economic evaluation, the average electricity GC increases by about 0.25 USD cent/kWh due to biomass price per unit of energy is higher than coal by 0.64×10-3 USD cent/kcal. The accumulation in the one-year operation of 5%-biomass co-firing with a 70% capacity factor produced 285,676 MWh of green energy, equal to 323,749 tCO2e and 143,474 USD of carbon credit. The biomass prices sensitivity analysis found that the fuel price per unit of energy between biomass and coal was the significant parameter to the GC changes.
The application of Mīmāṁsā interpretive concepts in commentaries on plays
Authors: Ollett Andrew
Published: January 2023

This article examines a Sanskrit commentary on Śaktibhadra’s Crown Jewel of Amazement (Āścaryacūḍāmaṇiḥ) that systematically uses concepts from Mīmāṁsā to explain the “overall meaning” (tātparyam or paryavasānam) of specific passages. The anonymous author of this commentary, from early modern Kerala, describes himself as a follower of Kumārila and quotes him several times. After reviewing the model that the commentator borrows from Mīmāṁsā, where the final meaning is derived by the application of interpretive principles to the literal meaning against a discursive context, this article focuses on “additive” strategies (adhyāhāraḥ and anuṣaṅgaḥ) and “subtractive” strategies (the grahaikatvanyāyaḥ).
Study on effective synthesis of 7-hydroxy-4-substituted coumarins
Authors: Zhou Dejun , Zhuang Youchao , Sheng Zuntian
Published: January 2023

Many coumarin derivatives have good biological activity and application value in fluorescent probes. Therefore, synthetic routes to coumarin derivatives have also attracted the attention of many research groups. In this work, based on the Pechmann coumarin synthesis method, the influence of various Lewis acids on the reaction was discussed, and the optimal synthesis conditions of 7-hydroxy-4-substituted coumarins were explored. Based on the experimental results, a possible mechanism was proposed, which provides a reference for future industrialized production of coumarins.
Aural vocabulary, orthographic vocabulary, and listening comprehension
Authors: Hamada Yo , Yanagawa Kozo
Published: January 2023

Vocabulary is a key variable to successful listening comprehension. Research has explored the relationship between aural and orthographic vocabularies and listening comprehension. This current study examined the relationships among aural vocabulary, orthographic vocabulary, and listening comprehension within the same Japanese cohort in an integrated manner. The test data of 155 Japanese EFL students, who took identical aural and orthographic vocabulary tests (the listening vocabulary levels test [LVLT] and new vocabulary levels test [NVLT], respectively) and a high-stakes listening test (Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC) for Parts I and II), were analyzed. The results indicated that aural and orthographic vocabulary are closely related but not identical. Moreover, orthographic vocabulary is more connected to the word- and propositional-level understanding of extended texts than to aural vocabulary for the Japanese group. More specifically, the 2,000-word and 4,000-word level and the academic vocabulary of the orthographic vocabulary predicted 27% of the variance of the listening comprehension test performance, whereas only the academic words of the aural vocabulary predicted 8%.
Abelian splittings and JSJ-decompositions of finitely presented Bestvina–Brady groups
Authors: Chang Yu-Chan
Published: January 2023

We give a characterization of finitely presented Bestvina–Brady groups which split over abelian subgroups and describe the JSJ-decompositions of those Bestvina–Brady groups.
Broadband spin-multiplexed single-celled metasurface holograms: a comprehensive comparison between different strategies
Authors: im Sande Sören , Bozhevolnyi Sergey I. , Ding Fei
Published: January 2023

Metasurface-generated holograms have emerged as a unique platform for arbitrarily shaping the reflected/transmitted wavefronts with the advantages of subwavelength large pixel sizes and multiple information channels. However, achieving multiple holographic images with large operation bandwidths is a rather complicated and arduous issue due to the dissimilar dispersion of all meta-atoms involved. In this work, we design and experimentally demonstrate single-celled metasurfaces to realize broadband and spin-multiplexed holograms, whose phase modulation is based only on the geometric phase supplied by a judiciously designed high-performance nanoscale half-wave plate operating in reflection. Four different multiplexing strategies are implemented, and the resulting holograms are systemically assessed and compared with respect to background levels, image fidelities, holograms efficiencies, and polarization conversion ratios. Our work complements the methodologies available for designing multiplexed meta-holograms with versatile functionalities.
Determination of scandium in ash and slag wastes and products of their processing by instrumental neutron activation analysis
Authors: Ivannikov Sergei , Markin Nikita , Polyakova Natalia , Shashina Julia , Shlyk Daria , Zemskova Larisa
Published: January 2023

Ash and slag waste accumulated throughout the world in appreciable amounts are, in essence, man-made deposits and are of interest as a potential source of critical elements, in particular Sc, as well as raw materials for obtaining construction materials. Coals from Siberia and the Far East are used as fuel at thermal power plants (TPPs) in the Primorsky Territory of Russia. These coals are characterized by a high Sc content. The content of Sc in the ash and slag wastes from landfills of six TPPs in Primorsky Krai was determined by neutron activation analysis with a Cf-252 radionuclide source. The Sc content ranged from 5.1 to 52.7 ppm. Average concentrations of Sc in ash and slag waste are 23.3 ppm. Verification of the INAA method was carried out by comparing with the ICP-MS data in reference materials (laterite and carbonatite scandium-containing ores). The possibility of using the Sc-46 isotope, produced by thermal neutron activation, as a radioactive tracer to assess the effectiveness of operations for Sc extraction and concentration is shown. Sc has been preconcentrated from the initial ash of the Primorsky thermal power plant by the precipitation method in the form of hydroxide, followed by separation from accompanying elements by dissolving the hydroxide in sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid. The possibility of concentrating Sc more than 4 times from the initial ash has been shown.
Self-categorization: a resource for the management of experiential entitlement in talk about child death
Authors: Rafaely Daniella
Published: January 2023

In this paper, I examine self-categorization practices as resources for the interactional organization of relative experiential entitlements. Locating the study in talk about child death, an explicitly moral domain of social life, this study utilizes 18 radio-based interactions from a South African talk-radio broadcaster. Using an ethnomethodological, conversation-analytic approach, I examine affective responses to reports of child deaths, demonstrating how these practices reproduce child death as a contemporary social and moral concern. My findings demonstrate how practices of, and variations in, self-reference and self-categorization are resources for managing relative rights and obligations, thereby reproducing common-sense knowledge about parents and children in contemporary South African society. This research contributes to advancing knowledge in the fields of membership categorization analysis and the social organization of experience.
Selecting Metrics That Matter: Comparing the Use of the Countermovement Jump for Performance Profiling, Neuromuscular Fatigue Monitoring, and Injury Rehabilitation Testing
Authors: Bishop Chris , Jordan Matt , Torres-Ronda Lorena , Loturco Irineu , Harry John , Virgile Adam , Mundy Peter , Turner Anthony , Comfort Paul
Published: January 2023

The countermovement jump (CMJ) is one of the most used performance assessments in strength and conditioning. Although numerous studies discuss the usability of different metrics in this test, this is often performed within the context of a specific aim. However, to our knowledge, no information currently exists providing practitioners with some over-arching recommendations on which metrics to choose when the purpose of using the test differs. This article discusses how the metrics selected to monitor during CMJ testing may differ when aiming to use it as a proxy for athletic performance, as part of neuromuscular fatigue monitoring, or as part of a test battery for return to performance in injured athletes.
Portrait des exploitations horticoles en circuits courts au Saguenay−Lac-Saint-Jean
Authors: André Sarah , Ferrandez Max , Tremblay Sabrina
Published: January 2023

Les systèmes alimentaires de proximité sont vus comme une solution pertinente au modèle agroindustriel dominant et à ses externalités négatives. La compréhension du secteur de production régionale permet de mieux structurer le marché local afin d’assurer son bon développement. C’est dans cette démarche que cette étude s’inscrit. Elle a pour but de dresser un état de la situation du secteur horticole en circuits courts au Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean au Québec, Canada. Pour ce faire, nous avons réalisé un questionnaire à destination de 95 producteurs de la région. Les données quantitatives obtenues ont permis d’identifier les enjeux auxquels doit faire face l’agriculture de proximité régionale. Elles pourront également appuyer d’autres travaux sur le développement de la souveraineté alimentaire locale.
D2/3Agonist during Learning Potentiates Cued Risky Choice
Authors: Mortazavi Leili , Hynes Tristan J. , Chernoff Chloe S. , Ramaiah Shrishti , Brodie Hannah G. , Russell Brittney , Hathaway Brett A. , Kaur Sukhbir , Winstanley Catharine A.
Published: January 2023

Impulse control and/or gambling disorders can be triggered by dopamine agonist therapies used to treat Parkinson's disease, but the cognitive and neurobiological mechanisms underlying these adverse effects are unknown. Recent data show that adding win-paired sound and light cues to the rat gambling task (rGT) potentiates risky decision-making and impulsivity via the dopamine system, and that changing dopaminergic tone has a greater influence on behavior while subjects are learning task contingencies. Dopamine agonist therapy may therefore be potentiating risk-taking by amplifying the behavioral impact of gambling-related cues on novel behavior. Here, we show that ropinirole treatment in male rats transiently increased motor impulsivity but robustly and progressively increased choice of the high-risk/high-reward options when administered during acquisition of the cued but not uncued rGT. Early in training, ropinirole increased win-stay behavior after large unlikely wins on the cued rGT, indicative of enhanced model-free learning, which mediated the drug's effect on later risk preference.Ex vivocFos imaging showed that both chronic ropinirole and the addition of win-paired cues suppressed the activity of dopaminergic midbrain neurons. The ratio of midbrain:prefrontal cFos+neurons was lower in animals with suboptimal choice patterns and tended to predict risk preference across all rats. Network analyses further suggested that ropinirole induced decoupling of the dopaminergic cells of the VTA and nucleus accumbens but only when win-paired cues were present. Frontostriatal activity uninformed by the endogenous dopaminergic teaching signal therefore appeared to perpetuate risky choice, and ropinirole exaggerated this disconnect in synergy with reward-paired cues.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTD2/3receptor agonists, used to treat Parkinson's disease, can cause gambling disorder through an unknown mechanism. Ropinirole increased risky decision-making in rats, but only when wins were paired with casino-inspired sounds and lights. This was mediated by increased win-stay behavior after large unlikely wins early in learning, indicating enhanced model-free learning. cFos imaging showed that ropinirole suppressed activity of midbrain dopamine neurons, an effect that was mimicked by the addition of win-paired cues. The degree of risky choice rats exhibited was uniquely predicted by the ratio of midbrain dopamine:PFC activity. Depriving the PFC of the endogenous dopaminergic teaching signal may therefore drive risky decision-making on-task, and ropinirole acts synergistically with win-paired cues to amplify this.
Reflections on Power from Feminist Women Counselor Educators
Authors: Fickling Melissa J. , Graden Matthew , Tangen Jodi L.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore how feminist-identified counselor educators understand and experience power in counselor education. Thirteen feminist women were interviewed. We utilized a loosely structured interview protocol to elicit participant experiences with the phenomenon of power in the context of counselor education. From these data, we identified an essential theme of analysis of power. Within this theme, we identified five categories: (a) definitions and descriptions of power, (b) higher education context and culture, (c) uses and misuses of power, (d) personal development around power, and (e) considerations of potential backlash. These categories and their subcategories are illustrated through narrative synthesis and participant quotations. Findings point to a pressing need for more rigorous self-reflection among counselor educators and counseling leadership, as well as greater accountability for using power ethically.
Guidelines and Recommendations for Writing a Rigorous Quantitative Methods Section in Counseling and Related Fields
Authors: Kalkbrenner Michael T.
Published: January 2023

Conducting and publishing rigorous empirical research based on original data is essential for advancing and sustaining high-quality counseling practice. The purpose of this article is to provide a one-stop-shop for writing a rigorous quantitative Methods section in counseling and related fields. The importance of judiciously planning, implementing, and writing quantitative research methods cannot be understated, as methodological flaws can completely undermine the integrity of the results. This article includes an overview, considerations, guidelines, best practices, and recommendations for conducting and writing quantitative research designs. The author concludes with an exemplar Methods section to provide a sample of one way to apply the guidelines for writing or evaluating quantitative research methods that are detailed in this manuscript.
Sea Pollution in the Coastal Area: Problems and Challenges in Law Enforcement
Authors: Wijanarko Frieda Pratiwi
Published: January 2023

Natural resources must be guaranteed sustainability, among others, by maintaining the marine environment, marine pollution occurs due to heavy metals or plastic waste that scattered and household waste. The enforcement of environmental law against marine pollution can be seen in Law No. 32 of 2009 on Control of Environmental Management Number 51 Year 2004 regarding Sea Water Quality Standard explain about standard of quality of sea water can be said normal or contaminated. The problems that exist in this case is the analysis and solution to marine pollution in coastal areas in Jakarta Bay, Kali Baru, Cilincing North Jakarta. Environmental inhibiting factors pollution of coastal areas of the sea is the lack of human resources will be aware of the importance of safeguarding our oceans. Because we are without the sea is nothing because most of the food supply is from the sea e.g., fish or shell. Although there is now cultivation by using ponds as well but still many people choose sea fish because it is still considered fresh and not contaminated by harmful substances. The sea is a highway that connects all corners of the world. Many cities in Indonesia are in coastal areas that have great potential to make garbage or waste collisions.
Dedifferentiated primary melanoma with rhabdoid features: a case report and literature review
Authors: Taylor Mitchell , Blomberg Wilson , Taylor Kevin
Published: January 2023

Rhabdoid melanoma is an aggressive, rare variant of melanoma. Herein, we describe a case of rhabdoid melanoma and review the clinicopathological features of this neoplasm. A 59-year-old Caucasian female presented with a large cavitary wound located on her right posteromedial upper torso. Light microscopy of the lesion revealed patternless sheeting of neoplastic cells with cytoplasm containing eosinophilic inclusions and peripherally located large round-to-oval nuclei. Tumor cells stained positive for S100, Sox10, myoD1, desmin, and vimentin. CT imaging of the abdomen, chest, and pelvis demonstrated bilateral cannonball lung tumors, bilateral axillary and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and a soft tissue mass involving the left upper back. These findings were consistent with a diagnosis of metastatic rhabdoid melanoma, which ultimately resulted in the patient’s demise. Increased awareness of this rare entity is crucial to the practicing physician in order to enhance recognition and provide the best possible healthcare to affected individuals.
Diffusion length of non-equilibrium current carriers in nanowire radial p-n junctions: Effect of the curvature
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Borblik V.L.
Published: January 2023

In core-shell nanowire radial p-n junction, spatial (along the radius) distribution of the injected carriers is determined not only by recombination falling of the non-equilibrium carrier concentration but also by specific falling due to cylindrical symmetry of the structure. This forces us to consider an effective diffusion length of non-equilibrium carriers in nanoscale radial structures. This effective diffusion length proves to be larger (up to 25%) than the diffusion length in usual planar p-n junction (made of the same material) under injection from the shell to the core and smaller than it (up to 60%) under injection from the core to the shell.
Self-organized structures induced by external white noise and nanosized levels of their formation in the non-crystalline As-S(Se) semiconductor systems
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, 54, Volosyna str., 88000 U zhhorod, Ukraine, Mar’yan M.I. , Yurkovych N.V. ,   Uzhhorod National University, 54, Volosyna str., 88000 U zhhorod, Ukraine, Seben V. ,   University of Presov, 1, 17 November str., 08116 Presov, Slovakia
Published: January 2023

Discussed in this paper are the singularity and self-organizing effect of instability and randomness under the influence of external white noise on formation of non-crystalline materials. The random nature of the receiving medium together with the disorganizing effect was found to be capable to initiate formation of qualitatively new self-organized structures in non-crystalline solids. Also analyzed in the paper is the effect of a random temperature field applied to the melt during the cooling process in non-crystalline As-S(Se) semiconductor systems. The conditions for a non-crystalline system in a fluctuating external environment to adjust its properties to the average properties of the environment and to correspond to the deterministic case were identified. Furthermore, the conditions for non-additive reaction of the system to a random environment and formation of a new mode of energy conversion in the self-organized structure at the nanoscale level are determined. The spectrum of the structures created in this way is more diverse as compared to the spectrum corresponding to respective deterministic conditions.
Luminescent properties of cadmium sulfide nanocrystals grown from gas phase
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Bogoslovska A.B. , Grynko D.O. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Bortchagovsky E.G. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine
Published: January 2023

Photoluminescent (PL) properties of undoped nanocrystals of cadmium sulfide were investigated as a function of excitation power intensity. Room-temperature PL spectra of CdS nanocrystals grown from the gas phase revealed two emission bands: with peak positions at 510 nm (near-band-edge emission) and close to 690 nm (deep trap defects). Tunable photoluminescence of CdS nanocrystals with the exchange of the main radiative channel from relaxation through defect levels to direct near-band-edge relaxation with the change of the color was demonstrated. Nonlinear behavior of the intensities of near-band-edge and defect level emission lines as well as the blue shift of the peak of defect level emission are discussed and explained by the finite capacitance of the defect subzone in the forbidden gap. The origin of the red-light emission is due to native defects such as sulfur vacancies or twinning interfaces.