bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vận dụng lý thuyết học tập trải nghiệm trong dạy học khái niệm “Hình lăng trụ đứng tam giác” (Toán 7)
Authors: Lê Thanh Tâm , Nguyễn Dương Hoàng
Published: September 2024

Lí thuyết học tập trải nghiệm của David Kolb được áp dụng rất hiệu quả đối với những nội dung mang tính thực tiễn, đây là một công cụ hữu ích giúp người học nâng cao khả năng tự tiếp thu kiến thức, tự khám phá và phát huy thế mạnh của bản thân khi học tập những kiến thức mới. Trong bài viết này, chúng tôi giới thiệu các bước của mô hình học tập trải nghiệm của David Kolb và minh họa cụ thể vào dạy học khái niệm “Hình lăng trụ đứng tam giác” (Toán 7). Thông qua mô hình này, học sinh có thể trải nghiệm và thử nghiệm trên các mô hình vật thật quen thuộc để hình thành khái niệm “Hình lăng trụ đứng tam giác”. Do đó, học sinh có thể dễ dàng chuyển hóa từ kinh nghiệm thực tế sang xây dựng và tiếp thu kiến thức, có thái độ tích cực trong học tập, từ đó góp phần nâng cao chất lượng dạy học Toán ở trường phổ thông.
Orbital dynamics of smart dust with Poynting-Robertson and solar wind drag, Circular restricted full three-body problem with rigid-body spacecraft dynamics in binary asteroid systems
Authors: Gurfil Pini , McCann Brennan
Published: September 2024

Orbital dynamics of smart dust with Poynting-Robertson and solar wind drag

Smart dust devices are tiny systems-on-a-chip platforms capable of sensing, storing and transmitting data wirelessly as part of a large network with distributed capabilities. Previous works investigated the long-term orbital evolution of smart dust in space by studying the combined effect of gravitational perturbations, solar radiation pressure (SRP), and atmospheric drag. In the current work, the problem of finding long-term orbital equilibria conditions for smart dust is recast and extended to include Poynting-Robertson and Solar Wind (PRSW) drag. By including the PRSW effects and defining new equilibrium conditions on the orbital orientation, some additional partial equilibrium solutions are found. Moreover, it is shown that even though PRSW is not dominant compared to SRP or J2, it still influences the evolution of the relative Sun-orbit orientation. For orbits with higher initial perigee altitudes, where drag and J2 effects subside, it is shown that PRSW influences long-term orbital behaviour, and should be considered in the orbit design scheme of smart dust devices.

Circular restricted full three-body problem with rigid-body spacecraft dynamics in binary asteroid systems

Coupling between the rotational and translational motion of a rigid body can have a profound effect on spacecraft motion in complex dynamical environments. While there is a substantial amount of study of rigid-body coupling in a non-uniform gravitational field, the spacecraft is often considered as a point-mass vehicle. By contrast, the full-N body problem (FNBP) evaluates the mutual gravitational potential of the rigid-body celestial objects and any other body, such as a spacecraft, under their influence and treats all bodies, including the spacecraft, as a rigid body. Furthermore, the perturbing effects of the FNBP become more pronounced as the celestial bodies become smaller and/or more significantly aspherical. Utilizing the comprehensive framework of dynamics and gravitational influences within the FNBP, this research investigates the dynamics of spacecraft modeled as rigid bodies in binary systems characterized by nearly circular mutual orbits. The paper presents an examination of the perturbation effects that arise in this circular restricted full three-body problem (CRF3BP), aiming to assess and validate the extent of these effects on the spacecraft’s overall motion. Numerical results provided for spacecraft motion in the CRF3BP in a binary asteroid system demonstrate non-negligible trajectory divergence when utilizing rigid-body versus point mass spacecraft models. These results also investigate the effects of shape and inertia tensors of the bodies and solar radiation pressure in those models.
Simposio Migración asistida de Araucaria araucana: Causas, acciones y perspectivas futuras.
Authors: Ipinza Carmona Roberto , Barros Asenjo Santiago
Published: September 2024

En 2019 INFOR inició un programa sobre migración asistida de Araucaria araucana. Este programa ha instalado 54 ha de ensayos de procedencia y progenies, dentro y fuera de las áreas de distribución natural de la especie entre las regiones del Biobío y Aysén, donde se incluyen 458 familias de la distribución andina y costera de la especie.
El interés nacional e internacional generado por este programa motivó la organización y realización del Simposio «Migración Asistida de Araucaria araucana: causas, acciones y perspectivas futuras». Este evento fue organizado por INFOR en forma paralela al VIII Congreso Forestal Latinoamericano (CONFLAT) y al V Congreso Forestal Argentino, que tuvieron lugar en la ciudad de Mendoza, Argentina, del 27 al 30 de marzo de 2024.  Los principales alcances de este Simposio se detallan en el presente documento.
Narrativas curriculares sobre la historia oral en la cátedra de la historia en Colombia para la educación media
Authors: Quintero Rojas Dany
Published: September 2024

El presente artículo de reflexión tiene como fundamento teórico el estudio acerca del modelo curricular implementado en Colombia desde el año de 1975, cuando se dio la primera reforma curricular en la enseñanza de la historia, enmarcada en los lineamientos y estándares curriculares de las ciencias sociales y el proceso coyuntural que representa la emanación de la Ley 1874 de 2017, que reglamenta la obligatoriedad de la enseñanza de la historia. El objetivo que persigue esta investigación es proponer aportes desde el análisis de la narrativa en los niveles macro, meso y micro curricular para articular la historia oral con la catedra de la historia en la educación media. Además, reconocer las tensiones en las políticas públicas (macrocurrículo), en el Proyecto Educativo Institucional (mesocurrículo) y en el aula (microcurrículo), presentes en las políticas públicas para la enseñanza de la catedra de la historia. Por consiguiente, surge desde el paradigma del construccionismo social, con enfoque cualitativo, una comprensión de significados que se construyen desde el objeto disciplinar de la enseñanza de la historia, vinculando una resignificación curricular desde los aportes que tiene la implementación de la historia oral y las narrativas en la catedra y la enseñanza de la historia en Colombia.
Estrategia didáctica implementada en la localidad de Usme
Authors: Blanquicet-Hernández María
Published: September 2024

El Centro de Proyección Social de la Universidad Santo Tomás, específicamente aquel ubicado en la localidad de Usme, Bogotá, cuenta con un proyecto de validación de la educación secundaria y media vocacional para población vulnerable. Este carece de una propuesta de capacitación relacionada con la Gestión Integral del Riesgo y la presencia del retamo espinoso (Ulex europaeus) como planta invasora de los ecosistemas del lugar. A partir de esto resultó necesario brindar un acompañamiento mediado por las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, el cual se convirtió en una importante herramienta para el alumnado, compuesto por 48 personas, de las cuales se tomó una muestra de 20, cuyas condiciones sociodemográficas oscilan entre los estratos socioeconómicos uno y tres y el rango etario de 16 a 45 años.
rol de Helena en la guerra de Troya según Heródoto y Gorgias
Authors: Osorio Velandia Valentina , Chauta Velandia Andrés
Published: September 2024

Helena fue considerada, tradicionalmente, por los griegos como la causante de la guerra de Troya. Pese a esto, no todos los autores griegos de la época clásica compartían esta misma postura. Ejemplo de esto son: Heródoto y Gorgias, dos autores griegos relevantes por sus ideologías encargadas de mostrar una perspectiva completamente distinta de ella. Con esto en mente, se buscará definir la perspectiva de Heródoto, en particular frente al papel que Helena desempeñó en la guerra de Troya. Para ello se empleará el análisis estilístico literario pragmático, que nos permitirá obtener la información más relevante de estos autores en relación con este personaje y, sobre todo, sondear los contenidos con el fin de identificar si su postura es dogmática (o no) referente al tema.
The theory of endogenous growth: the study of historical prerequisites and retrospective features of evolution within the framework of individual macroeconomic paradigms and models of economic growth
Authors: Matrizaev Bahadyr
Published: September 2024

To date, the main research on macroeconomic theory identifies five main factors of economic growth that will be decisive in the coming decades: population and human capital; capital and capital markets; globalization and trade; technology and innovation, as well as new frontiers for productivity growth. It remains an undeniable fact that innovations stimulate modern economic growth. At the same time, in the process of its evolution, any macroeconomic paradigm faces certain limitations associated with changes in the socio-economic system of society, and as a result, there is a need to rethink what are the historical prerequisites and retrospective features of the evolution of the endogenous macroeconomic theory of economic growth. The purpose of the article is to study the nature of similarities and contradictions, and the nature of the mutual influence of various macroeconomic paradigms within the framework of the evolution of the endogenous macroeconomic theory of economic growth; the roles of generalizing and separating factors that cause the emergence and development of individual elements of this macroeconomic paradigm. The scientific novelty of the article is presented by the author’s new critical view of the study of historical prerequisites and retrospective features of the evolution of individual macroeconomic theories and models of economic growth, especially the endogenous growth model, in order to show that the nature of innovation itself has an ambiguous assessment from the side of macroeconomic science.
Traumainformiert
Authors: Höflich Sabine
Published: September 2024

Traumainformierte Ansätze thematisieren Sicherheit, Wahlmöglichkeit, Kollaboration, Vertrauen und Transparenz sowie Ermächtigung als Leitprinzipien, um das Wohlergehen und die Resilienz der Personen mit Traumaerfahrung und deren Umwelt zu fördern.
Friedenspädagogik
Authors: Höflich Sabine
Published: September 2024

Auf Werten wie Gewaltfreiheit, Solidarität, Gerechtigkeit, Empathie, Menschenwürde und Toleranz beruhend, soll Friedenspädagogik Menschen dazu zu befähigen, in einer friedlichen Gesellschaft zu leben.
Austausch? Theorie? Außerschulische Aktivitäten? Über die Unterschiede von Schule in der Ukraine und Österreich
Authors: Shutka Bogdan
Published: September 2024

Am 24. Februar 2022 wurde die ganze Welt und somit auch Österreich und unsere Schulen mit dem russischen Großangriff auf die Ukraine konfrontiert. In den Tagen danach kamen die ersten Flüchtlinge - vor allem Frauen und Kinder - an den österreichischen Bahnhöfen an und suchten bei uns Schutz. Während viele Organisationen damit beschäftigt waren, den Neuankömmlingen Soforthilfe zu leisten, entstanden auch neue Vereine - wie DOMIVKA in Wien. Liudmyla Kryzhanovska ist Mitbegründerin dieser Initiative, deren Ziel es nicht nur zu helfen war, sondern Frauen und Kinder zu stärken und bestmöglich zu integrieren. Im Interview spricht sie über kulturelle Unterschiede, das Schulsystem in beiden Ländern und die Zukunftswünsche der Menschen, denen sie einst geholfen hat.
Reden wir über den Krieg
Authors: Graß Hans Peter
Published: September 2024

Der Beitrag stellt ein Projekt des Friedenbüros Salzburg vor: whywar.at. Dessen Homepage bietet umfassende Informationen, Methoden und Links zum Themenbereich „Krieg und Frieden“ für Schüler*innen, Lehrer*innen und interessierte Personen. Gleichzeitig ist whywar.at eine inhaltliche Grundlage für Schulprojekte, in denen sich Schüler*innen in Workshops mit konkreten Kriegen auseinandersetzen, Texte schreiben und gemeinsam Handlungsspielräume entwickeln.
Implementasi IOT Pada Ruang Tangki Gas Menggunakan Pressure Transmitter Berbasis Node MCU
Authors: Ginting Baginta Permana , Setiawan Dedi , Yakub Suardi
Published: September 2024

Gas LPG sangat penting untuk kehidupan manusia dan saat ini Gas LPG merupakan salah satu program konversi pemerintah pengganti kompor berbahan bakar minyak tanah. Gas LPG terkenal dengan sifatnya yang mudah terbakar sehingga kebocoran peralatan LPG beresiko terhadap kebakaran. Dikarenakan sifatnya yang sensitif, maka perlu adanya perhatian khusus terhadap bahan bakar jenis ini. Maraknya kebakaran dan kecelakaan yang disebabkan oleh kebocoran dan meledaknya tabung gas LPG akhir –akhir ini, menjadi hal yang menakutkan bagi masyarakat pengguna gas tersebut, Kasus yang dipicu tabung gas LPG diberbagai wilayah di Indonesia murni disebabkan karena laporan kebocoran tabung gas yang diduga tabung gas sudah mengalami korosi. Untuk itu di perlukan suatu system monitoring otomatis untuk mengetahui adanya kebocoran dari tabung gas dan solusi menghilangkan gas yang berbahaya tersebut keluar ruangan. Apabila terjadi kebocoran gas maka akan langsung ada notivikasi yang masuk ke hp kita supaya kita langsung mengecek kebocoran gas tersebut supaya tidak terjadi hal yang tidak di inginkan atau hal yang bisa menyebabkan kerugian besar bagi SPPBE. Sistem yang akan digunakan menggunakan Node MCU sebagai pengontrol dari tekanan gas dan sensor yang untuk mendeteksi menggunakan sensor tekanan gas (pressure transmitter). Node MCU akan memproses tekanan / volume gas yang tidak sesuai lalu akan mengirimkan notifikasi kepada user untuk dapat melakukan pengecekan langsung.
Analisis Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Peningkatan Kasus Tuberkulosis di Makassar
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat , Agus Al Ikhsan , Batara Andi Surahman , Nasrullah Nasrullah , Hisyam Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Indonesia telah melakukan upaya penanggulangan tuberkulosis namun hasilnya belum menunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan. Strategi Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse (DOTS) telah diterapkan pemerintah selama puluhan tahun, namun jumlah penderita masih tetap tinggi. Strategi DOTS belum mampu mengatasi faktor penyebab tuberkulosis karena setiap daerah mempunyai faktor penyebab yang berbeda-beda, oleh karena itu penting untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang paling mempengaruhi kejadian tuberkulosis di Makassar.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional study. Penelitian dilaksanakan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rappokalling Makassar. Populasi yaitu pasien tuberkulosis yang sedang menjalani pengobatan. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 109 responden.
Dari 109 responden, yang memiliki riwayat kontak dengan penderita tuberkulosis 88 (80,7%), status gizi buruk 85 (78,0%), perilaku buruk dalam mencegah penularan 81 (4,3%),
pengetahuan kurang 59 (54,1%), kurang dukungan keluarga 79 (72,5%) dan merasakan stigma masyarakat yang tinggi 91 (83,5%). Hasil analisis KMO >0,50 yang berarti faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian kasus tuberkulosis yaitu secara berurutan adalah status gizi (0,0795), riwayat kontak dengan penderita (0,776), perilaku mencegah penularan (0,763), pengetahuan (0,726), stigma masyarakat (0,678) dan dukungan keluarga (0,639).
Faktor status gizi, riwayat kontak dengan penderita, perilaku pencegahan penularan, pengetahuan, stigma masyarakat dan dukungan keluarga merupakan faktor penyebab kejadian tuberkulosis dan dapat menjadi penyebab peningkatan jumlah kasus tuberkulosis di Makassar.
Implementation Total Sanitation Based on First Community-Based Pillar at Public
Authors: Kisra Kisra , Alamsyah Teuku , Kiswanto Kiswanto , Murdani Ihsan , Wintah Wintah
Published: September 2024

Defecation in Indonesia is quite a lot to be found and one of the regions of Indonesia that still performs open defecation is in one of Aceh Regency, namely Southwest Aceh Regency which applies latrines to the people of Tangan-Tangan Cut Village, Regency, Southwest Aceh which is still small. The purpose of this study is to determine the application of latrines in the people of Tangan-Tangan Cut Village related to income, community work and education of the people of Hand-Cut Village, Setia District, Regency, Southwest Aceh. The method carried out is quantitative research using. Rendom sampling type . The number of informants in the form of respondents in this study was 40 respondents from 356 populations in hand-cut villages. The sampling technique is to use the slovin formula. The results of this study found that the application of latrines in village communities with cut, sub-district, faithful has no relationship between education (P = 0.635), income (P = 0.071) work (P = 0.337) people with latrine ownership, the number of respondents who have implemented latrines is 17 respondents with a percentage of 42.5%, while there are 23 respondents with a percentage of 57.5% who do not have latrines. The results of this research are that most villagers do not apply latrines / do not have latrines in their homes.
Nursing Students' Level of Knowledge About HIV/AIDS
Authors: Athiutama Ari , Erman Imelda , Febriani Indra
Published: September 2024

HIV/AIDS causes health problems in the world, resulting in death. HIV/AIDS sufferers require long-term treatment from health services. Nursing students are part of health services. This research is quantitative research with a descriptive approach. The sample was determined using a total sampling technique and obtained 230 respondents. Data collection used the HIV Knowledge Questionnaire 45 (HIV-KQ-45). Data were analyzed univariately to see the frequency distribution of the research variables. The data was analyzed univariately to observe the frequency distribution of the research variables. The research results showed that most nursing students' knowledge about HIV/AIDS was in the sufficient category (66.5%) and the least in the good category (14.8%). From the results obtained, it was concluded that the majority of nursing students' knowledge about HIV/AIDS was in the sufficient category and the minority was in the good category. This shows that students' knowledge about HIV/AIDS is still inadequate. It is necessary to prepare prospective nurses starting during education to avoid a lack of knowledge in the hope of improving services to HIV/AIDS sufferers as much as possible in the future.
Computational Design with Kurtboğaz: The Generation of Timber Structures with an Aggregative Design Algorithm
Authors: Ertan İlay Beylun , Çalışır Adem Pınar
Published: September 2024

This paper investigates the form-finding capacity of the traditional timber-joint construction method, Kurtboğaz, aiming to explore new architectural forms and possibilities through computational design techniques to preserve vernacular construction methods and integrate them into contemporary architecture. It presents an Aggregative Design Algorithm (ADA) that creates different structures based on designer rules and simple assembly rules of Kurtboğaz, leading to unique emergent forms through random rule application. The paper also explores how reinforcement learning, a type of machine learning, can improve this design process through a theoretical framework. The study tries to use a rule-based generative algorithm to explore the modular and reconfigurable characteristics of the Kurtboğaz. The ADA enables random rule application, leading to diverse forms. However, several challenges may be encountered during the application of ADA because of its random aggregation, such as collision avoidance, structural integrity, boundary detection, and the optimization of structural parameters. The study suggests using Reinforcement Learning (RL) in the ADA framework to address these problems. Incorporating RL is anticipated to enable the algorithm to adaptively learn and optimize the form-finding process, enhancing the performance and applicability of the Kurtboğaz method in contemporary architectural practice. In the future, with this generative process described by the study, designs that create spatial differences with the help of walls, floors, and rooms on a human scale can be realized. The study also plans to explore the synergy between craftsmanship and digital fabrication in the future
Exploring the Intersection of Authorship and Ownership: A Study of Indian Copyright Law in Creative Works
Authors: Rachana Wadhera  , Ms. Jasdeep Kaur
Published: September 2024

In the context of Indian copyright law, this research study examines the complex link between authorship and ownership, with a particular emphasis on the ramifications for authors of creative works. This study sheds light on the intricate issues regarding copyright ownership in the Indian setting by examining legal statutes, court decisions, and real-world applications. This study provides insights into the difficulties and opportunities faced by creators in defending their intellectual property rights by examining the standards for authorship, the distribution of ownership rights, and the effects of the copyright law on artists and creative industries. It also examines important issues and disagreements, such as disagreements on collaborative writing, work-for-hire contracts, and the preservation of traditional knowledge. In the end, this study advances our knowledge of copyright dynamics in India and offers suggestions for legislative changes that would promote a fair and just copyright system that is encouraging of innovation and artists.
Quest for Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens: A Socio-Legal Perspective
Authors: Renu Rana  , Vidhi Singh
Published: September 2024

In Indian cultural ethos, parents’ care and well-being have been children’s priority in the well-understood family system. With the fast-changing life pattern, it has become necessary to deliberate on providing care and protection to parents and senior citizens in contemporary society. When individuals fail in fulfilling their pious and legal obligations towards parents, then it is the state that steps in the way and provides maintenance and looks after the well-being of the senior citizens through a formal legal system. The Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act 2007 is the legislation that provides a legal mechanism for the maintenance and welfare of parents and senior citizens. This paper exhibits a debate on personal and public laws where certain pious, proprietary, and legal obligations of a son, grandson, and great-grandson, if not obeyed, then the public law enters the family affairs and provides due legal protection to parents and senior citizens. Further, in this paper, the authors attempt to analyse the legal provisions and judicial pronouncements on the maintenance and welfare of parents and senior citizens within family relations, failing which a formal legal mechanism as provided by the state in the said Act takes care of parents and senior citizens. At the end of the paper, the authors attempt to suggest suitable solutions to provide maintenance and welfare of parents and senior citizens, from the socio-legal perspective.
Voluntarismo hermenêutico e desvalor da cultura nordestina pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal no julgamento da vaquejada
Authors: Santana Luiz Antonio Costa de , Gomes Raoni Cézar Diniz , Santos Carlos Alberto Batista dos
Published: September 2024

A vaquejada é uma tradição cultural e esportiva que se desenvolve sobretudo no Nordeste do Brasil, agregando relevância econômica e social à região. Diante desse cenário, este artigo analisa criticamente a decisão proferida pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), na Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade (ADI) 4.983, que julgou inconstitucional Lei do Estado do Ceará que regulamentou a prática da vaquejada. O julgamento delimitou o conflito entre os direitos fundamentais ao meio ambiente equilibrado, na perspectiva da vedação à crueldade animal, e à liberdade de expressão cultural, apontando prevalência do primeiro em detrimento do segundo, via utilização da técnica decisória da ponderação. O artigo utiliza a metodologia de estudo de caso, associada à pesquisa teórica e bibliográfica. A pesquisa concluiu que a decisão do Supremo Tribunal possui elevado déficit argumentativo, na medida em que não foi capaz de avaliar a dimensão da importância cultural da vaquejada, resultando em uma decisão com elevado subjetivismo decisório.
Smart Cities, Artificial Intelligence and Digital Transformation Law
Authors: Ziccardi Giovanni , Akin Eylül Erva , Klimbacher Simona
Published: September 2024

This open access handbook is the course book adopted by the faculty of law at the University of Milan for the course entitled: “Smart Cities, Artificial Intelligence and Digital Transformation Law”. The subject matters analysed in the book are divided in three parts. The first part focuses on the digital transformation law relevant to the advent of legal informatics, the need for digital skills and literacy, the European digital strategy, and on the American and Chinese approach to the digital society. The second part focuses on the relevant issues connected to artificial intelligence with a specific focus on data protection, healthcare, ethics and copyright. Finally, the third part provides a framework on smart cities, computer crimes and data protection.Students, professionals and scholars around the world are welcome to read this handbook to study the legal and technical aspects of the digital environment. Teachers are welcome to adopt it for their digital and non-digital courses.
POST-MASTECTOMY SURGICAL SITE INFECTION RATES IN FEMALES WITH BREAST CARCINOMA IN PREMENOPAUSAL AGE: A SINGLE CENTER STUDY
Authors: IMRAN M , ANWAR MI , JAMEEL MA , NAEEM HM
Published: September 2024

Breast surgery, like mastectomy, is generally considered a low-risk procedure for surgical site infections (SSIs), but when SSIs do occur, they can lead to significant complications. Identifying risk factors to improve patient outcomes and minimize complications is essential. Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency of post-mastectomy surgical site infections (SSI) in premenopausal females with breast carcinoma and to identify the associated risk factors. Methods: This descriptive case study included 100 premenopausal females diagnosed with breast carcinoma who underwent mastectomy at a tertiary care hospital, Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore, from April 2024 to August 2024. The age range of participants was 25-45 years, with a mean age of 39 ± 5.3 years. Demographic data, including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, were collected. Intraoperative variables such as blood loss (mean: 350 ± 50 ml) and surgery duration (mean: 120 ± 15 minutes) were also recorded. All patients received standard postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis, including cefazolin or clindamycin, for those allergic to penicillin. The surgical site was assessed 30 days postoperatively for signs of infection, including erythema, pus discharge, or fever exceeding 38°C. SSIs were categorized based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines into superficial, deep, and organ/space infections. Results: The overall infection rate was 7.5% (n=7). Of these, 4 cases were superficial infections, while 3 involved deeper tissue layers, requiring drainage and further antibiotics. Factors significantly associated with an increased risk of disease in the multivariate logistic regression model included a high wound class (contaminated or dirty; OR: 3.2, p=0.01), elevated ASA score (ASA III-IV; OR: 2.8, p=0.03), high BMI >30 (OR: 3.5, p=0.002), diabetes (OR: 4.1, p=0.001), use of surgical drains (OR: 2.9, p=0.02), and reoperation (OR: 4.3, p=0.005). The mean hospital stay was extended by 4.5 days (from 5.2 ± 1.5 days in non-infected patients to 9.7 ± 3.1 days in infected cases).
Conclusion: The study found a post-mastectomy surgical site infection rate of 7.5% in premenopausal females, with significant risk factors including high BMI, diabetes, use of surgical drains, and the need for reoperation. A high wound class and elevated ASA score also predicted increased infection risk. Addressing these modifiable risk factors through optimized perioperative care, such as better glycemic control, judicious use of surgical drains, and minimizing reoperations, may help reduce SSI rates and improve outcomes for breast cancer patients.
Development and Validation of an SNP Marker for Identifying Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Thai Isolates That Break xa5-Mediated Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice
Authors: Balone Tebogo , Pratama Ananda Nuryadi , Chansongkram Werapat , Boonsrangsom Thanita , Sujipuli Kawee , Ratanasut Kumrop
Published: September 2024

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is a pathogenic bacterium responsible for bacterial blight (BB) disease in rice, primarily mediated by the interaction between the plant and pathogen. The virulence mechanism involves the activation of the Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporter (SWEET) gene family in rice by transcription activator-like effectors derived from Xoo. The BB resistance gene xa5 has been identified as one of the most effective genes against Thai Xoo isolates, but xa5-mediated resistance-breaking Xoo strains have emerged. This study aimed to develop a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker for precise identification of xa5-mediated resistance-breaking Xoo. Comparative genomics of Thai Xoo isolates Xoo16PK001 and Xoo16PK002, which were incompatible and compatible with rice variety IRBB5 carrying xa5, respectively, identified eight SNP positions for the development of an SNP marker. The SNP marker XooE6 yields a specific 1,143 bp PCR product unique to Xoo16PK002. Screening 61 Thai isolates using XooE6 identified two positives: Xoo20PL010 and Xoo20UT002. Inoculation tests on rice varieties IRBB5 and IRBB13 demonstrated compatibility with IRBB5 and incompatibility with IRBB13, which bears Xa5 and xa13. Xoo16PK001 (XooE6-negative) showed different virulence. Inoculation on IRBB21 harboring Xa5, Xa13, and Xa21 resulted in partial resistance to both XooE6-positive and -negative strains. XooE6-positive strains up-regulated SWEET11 and suppressed SWEET14 in IRBB5, while Xoo16PK001 slightly induced SWEET11 but activated SWEET14 in IRBB13. This highlights the potential of XooE6 to identify xa5-mediated resistance-breaking Xoo strains and elucidate their pathogenic mechanisms through the upregulation of SWEET11.
Ralstonia solanacearum Infection Drives the Assembly and Functional Adaptation of Potato Rhizosphere Microbial Communities
Authors: Qing Zhang , Jida Yang , Chengxiu Fu , Yanli Yang , Xia Liu , Sihe Deng
Published: September 2024

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a destructive disease that affects potato production, leading to severe yield losses. Currently, little is known about the changes in the assembly and functional adaptation of potato rhizosphere microbial communities during different stages of R. solanacearum infection. In this study, using amplicon and metagenomic sequencing approaches, we analyzed the changes in the composition and functions of bacterial and fungal communities in the potato rhizosphere across four stages of R. solanacearum infection. The results showed that R. solanacearum infection led to significant changes in the composition and functions of bacterial and fungal communities in the potato rhizosphere, with various microbial properties (including α,β-diversity, species composition, and community ecological functions) all being driven by R. solanacearum infection. The relative abundance of some beneficial microorganisms in the potato rhizosphere, including Firmicutes, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Mortierella, decreased as the duration of infection increased. Moreover, the related microbial communities played a significant role in basic metabolism and signal transduction; however, the functions involved in soil C, N, and P transformation weakened. This study provides new insights into the dynamic changes in the composition and functions of potato rhizosphere microbial communities at different stages of R. solanacearum infection to adapt to the growth promotion or disease suppression strategies of host plants, which may provide guidance for formulating future strategies to regulate microbial communities for the integrated control of soil-borne plant diseases.
Comparison of Resistance Acquisition and Mechanisms in Erwinia amylovora against Agrochemicals Used for Fire Blight Control
Authors: Ham Hyeonheui , Oh Ga-Ram , Lee Yong Hwan , Lee Yong Hoon
Published: September 2024

Agrochemicals containing antibiotics are authorized to manage fire blight that has been occurring in Korea since 2015. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each antibiotic against Erwinia amylovora, the causal pathogen of fire blight, has increased over the years due to the pathogen’s frequent exposure to antibiotics, indicating the necessity to prepare for the emergence of antibiotic resistance. In this study, E. amylovora was exposed to stepwise increasing concentrations of eight different agrochemicals, each containing single or mixed antibiotics, and gene mutation and changes in MIC were assessed. Streptomycin and oxolinic acid induced an amino acid substitution in RpsL and GyrA, respectively, resulting in a rapid increase in MIC. Oxytetracycline initially induced amino acid substitutions or frameshifts in AcrR, followed by substitutions of 30S small ribosomal protein subunit S10 or AcrB, further increasing MIC. E. amylovora acquired resistance in the order of oxolinic acid, streptomycin, and oxytetracycline at varying exposure frequencies. Resistance acquisition was slower against agrochemicals containing mixed antibiotics than those with single antibiotics. However, gene mutations conferring antibiotic resistance emerged sequentially to both antibiotics in the mixed formulations. Results suggested that frequent application of mixed antibiotics could lead to the emergence of multidrug-resistant E. amylovora isolates. This study provided essential insights into preventing the emergence of antibiotic-resistant E. amylovora and understanding the underlying mechanisms of resistance acquisition.
Establishment of an Efficient Screening Methods for Resistance of Chinese Cabbage to Clubroot Disease
Authors: Lee Soo Min , Jung Hee Soo , Kim Hun , Kim Heung Tae , Choi Gyung Ja
Published: September 2024

Clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae is an important disease of crucifer crops worldwide. This study aimed to establish an efficient screening method to determine resistant cultivars of Chinese cabbage against P. brassicae. To do this, we investigated the virulence of seven P. brassicae isolates using seedlings of susceptible Chinese cabbage cultivar. The isolates exhibited different virulence in the plants and were divided into three groups based on their virulence. When we explored the disease occurrence in Chinese cabbage seedlings according to photoperiod after inoculation of P. brassicae and incubation temperature, the plants with all-day light showed higher disease severity than seedlings cultivated under 14 hr of light a day. The occurrence of clubroot disease was most severe at 25oC, followed by 20oC and 18oC, but the fresh weight of clubroot of the seedlings cultivated at 20oC was the highest, followed by plants grown at 25oC and 18oC. When the seedlings of two commercial resistant cultivars were inoculated with the mixed spore suspensions of two different pathotype isolates of P. brassicae, disease severity increased as the spore concentration of the susceptible P. brassicae isolate among the two strains increased, suggesting that the clubroot development by different pathotype isolates was independent and not influenced by each other. Taken together, our results provide a faster and more accurate screening methods to determine the resistance of Chinese cabbage against P. brassicae.
Biological Control of Sclerotinia Rot Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Lettuce Using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HY
Authors: Son Mi-Ra , Kim Jin-Won
Published: September 2024

To test the antagonistic ability of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HY against lettuce sclerotinia rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, an in vitro test, greenhouse test and growth chamber test were conducted. As a result of in vitro dual culture test for sclerotia of B. amyloliquefaciens HY, the mycelial growth inhibition rate was 70.7%. Mycelial tip was swollen, black, and had an irregular and deformed shape. In I-plate test, the antagonistic volatile compounds produced by B. amyloliquefaciens HY, the mycelial growth inhibition rate was 57.7% and the sclerotia germination inhibition rate was 46.7%. In addition, B. amyloliquefaciens HY had sideropore production capacity, phosphate solubillibty, and protease production capability, but B. amyloliquefaciens HY did not produce chitinase. In growth chamber test, the lettuce survival rate was 0% in the control group treated with only the pathogen, and 80% in the treatment group treated with of S. sclerotiorum and B. amyloliquefaciens HY by diluting 10 times of the lettuce survival rate. In addition, the lettuce survival rate of 80% was shown in the treatment group treated with the culture medium of B. amyloliquefaciens HY 50 times 1 week later after inoculation with S. sclerotiorum.
FBcastS: An Information System Leveraging the K-Maryblyt Forecasting Model
Authors: Ahn Mun-Il , Yang Hyeon-Ji , Park Eun Woo , Lee Yong Hwan , Choi Hyo-Won , Yun Sung-Chul
Published: September 2024

We have developed FBcastS (Fire Blight Forecasting System), a cloud-based information system that leverages the K-Maryblyt forecasting model. The FBcastS provides an optimal timing for spraying antibiotics to prevent flower infection caused by Erwinia amylovora and forecasts the onset of disease symptoms to assist in scheduling field scouting activities. FBcastS comprises four discrete subsystems tailored to specific functionalities: meteorological data acquisition and processing, execution of the K-Maryblyt model, distribution of web-based information, and dissemination of spray timing notifications. The meteorological data acquisition subsystem gathers both observed and forecasted weather data from 1,583 sites across South Korea, including 761 apple or pear orchards where automated weather stations are installed for fire blight forecast. This subsystem also performs post-processing tasks such as quality control and data conversion. The model execution subsystem operates the K-Maryblyt model and stores its results in a database. The web-based service subsystem offers an array of internet-based services, including weather monitoring, mobile services for forecasting fire blight infection and symptoms, and nationwide fire blight monitoring. The final subsystem issues timely notifications of fire blight spray timing alert to growers based on forecasts from the K-Maryblyt model, blossom status, pesticide types, and field conditions, following guidelines set by the Rural Development Administration. FBcastS epitomizes a smart agriculture internet of things (IoT) by utilizing densely collected data with a spatial resolution of approximately 4.25 km to improve the accuracy of fire blight forecasts. The system’s internet-based services ensure high accessibility and utility, making it a vital tool in data-driven smart agricultural practices.
Development of a Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Detecting Five Previously Unreported Papaya Viruses for Quarantine Purposes in Korea
Authors: Bae Miah , Park Mi-Ri
Published: September 2024

There are concerns about the introduction and spread of plant pests and pathogens with globalization and climate change. As commercial control agents have not been developed for plant viruses, it is important to prevent virus spread. In this study, we developed a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection method to rapidly diagnose and control three DNA (papaya golden mosaic virus, Lindernia anagallis yellow vein virus, and melon chlorotic leaf curl virus) and two RNA (papaya leaf distortion mosaic virus and lettuce chlorosis virus) viruses that infect papaya. Specific primer sets were designed for the virus coat protein. Performing PCR, clear bands were observed with no non-specific reaction. Our multiplex PCR method can simultaneously detect small amounts of DNA/RNA to diagnose five viruses infecting papaya and prevent the spread of the virus.
The Development and Validation of a Global Competence Scale for School Teachers
Authors:   Center for Educational Research, Baek Sun-Guen , Li Hejing , Yun Gawon
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to develop and validate a measurement scale for assessing the
level of global competencies among school teachers. The study reviewed existing
literature on the subject and identified three subdomains of global competence: 'Global
Awareness', 'Global Attitudes', and 'Global Practices', with each subdomain further
divided into three subfactors. The initial scale consisted of 54 items, with 6 items for
each subfactor. It underwent primary modification (the total of 36 items) based on a
focus group interview with 5 school teachers. In addition, 9 experts in educational
measurement and evaluation conducted a review of content validity using written
evaluations, which led to further revisions (the total of 27 items). The main test was
conducted on 262 elementary school teachers nationwide using the revised scale, and
the construct validity and reliability were examined. Consequently, the finalized version
of the 'Global Competence Scale for School Teachers' demonstrated good content
validitiy (average value of CVI = 0.98), construct validity (TLI=0.905, CFI=0.915,
RMSEA=0.065, SRMR=0.076), and reliability (Cronbach's alpha=0.924).
Prediction of Bitcoin Prices Based on Blockchain Information: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach
Authors: Khadija Mnasri , Fahmi Ben Rejab , Syrine Ben Romdhane
Published: September 2024

Bitcoin, the first decentralized cryptocurrency, has attracted significant attention from investors and researchers alike due to its volatile and unpredictable price movements. However, predicting the price of Bitcoin remains a challenging task. This paper presents a detailed literature review on previous studies that have attempted to predict the price of Bitcoin. It discusses the main drivers of Bitcoin prices, including its attractiveness, macroeconomic and financial factors with a particular focus on the use of Blockchain information. We apply time series to daily data for the period from 28/04/2013 to 28/01/2023. We used Python and TensorFlow library version 2.11.0 and propose a deep multimodal reinforcement learning policy combining Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long ShortTerm Memory (LSTM) neural network for cryptocurrencies’ prices prediction. Also, this study attempts to predict the price of Bitcoin using a special type of deep neural networks, a Deep Autoencoders. Two results are worth noting: Autoencoders turns out to be the best method of predicting Bitcoin prices, and Bitcoin-specific Blockchain information is the most important variable in predicting Bitcoin prices. This study highlights the potential utility of incorporating Blockchain factors in price prediction models. Also, our findings show that sentiment indicator, Ethereum, XRP and Doge Coin prices, global currency ratio, macroeconomic factors, and Blockchain information of Ethereum did not contribute significantly toward predicting Bitcoin prices. These conclusions provide decision support for investors and a reference for the governments to design better regulatory policies.
Biomimicry in Radiation Therapy: Optimizing Patient Scheduling for Improved Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Kumar K. Keshav , Narasimham Dr. NVSL , Prasad Dr. A. Ramakrishna
Published: September 2024

In the realm of medical science, the pursuit of enhancing treatment efficacy and patient outcomes continues to drive innovation. This study delves into the integration of biomimicry principles within the domain of Radiation Therapy (RT) to optimize patient scheduling, ultimately aiming to augment treatment results. RT stands as a vital medical technique for eradicating cancer cells and diminishing tumour sizes. Yet, the manual scheduling of patients for RT proves both laborious and intricate. In this research, the focus is on automating patient scheduling for RT through the application of optimization methodologies. Three bio-inspired algorithms are employed for optimization to tackle the complex online stochastic scheduling problem. These algorithms include the Genetic Algorithm (GA), Firefly Optimization (FFO), and Wolf Optimization (WO). These algorithms are harnessed to address the intricate challenges of online stochastic scheduling. Through rigorous evaluation, involving the scrutiny of convergence time, runtime, and objective values, the comparative performance of these algorithms is determined. The results of this study unveil the effectiveness of the applied bio-inspired algorithms in optimizing patient scheduling for RT. Among the algorithms examined, WO emerges as the frontrunner, consistently delivering superior outcomes across various evaluation criteria. The optimization approach showcased in this study holds the potential to streamline processes, reduce manual intervention, and ultimately improve treatment outcomes for patients undergoing RT.
Transforming the Operational Components of Marketing Processes with GenAI: A Paradigm Shift
Authors: Bartelt Cedric , Röser Alexander Maximilian
Published: September 2024

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is transforming marketing through advanced content creation, personalized customer interactions, and strategic optimization. This study explores GenAI’s impact on marketing processes, current applications, and related ethical and strategic challenges. A meta-analysis of the existing literature was conducted, focusing on GenAI integration in marketing. Relevant research was collected from various databases and rigorously evaluated, with case studies illustrating practical applications and benefits. The findings show that GenAI enhances marketing efficiency by automating content creation, improving customer service, and optimizing strategies using specialized AI tools. However, GenAI’s use is currently fragmented, focusing more on operational than strategic tasks. This study underscores the necessity for a comprehensive and integrated approach to fully leverage the potential of GenAI in marketing processes, with the intention of effecting a paradigm shift, particularly in operational marketing tasks. Future research should focus on developing integrated GenAI solutions that comprehensively address all facets of the marketing process, including strategic decisionmaking, ethical and regulatory considerations, and long-term impact assessment, while exploring innovative applications and optimizing existing technologies to fully harness GenAI’s potential in driving a holistic digital transformation of marketing.
Active Down-Sampling Method for Knn When Dealing with Imbalance Dataset
Authors: Badarna Murad Mustafa , AbedAllah Loai Cameel
Published: September 2024

This study introduces Active Down-sampling (ADS), a novel approach combining downsampling with active learning to select informative samples from the majority class in imbalanced data scenarios, thereby enhancing machine learning model performance. Tested on three real-world datasets (BLOOD, Yeast, and Ecoli), ADS demonstrates superior classification accuracy over existing methods, efficiently balancing dataset representation while saving computational resources. It boosts accuracy across both minority and majority classes, optimizes resource use, and reduces misclassification costs. It emerges as a promising solution to the prevalent issue of data imbalance in machine learning, offering significant performance, resource, and cost advantages.
An analysis of the mid-term review of the National Social Protection Strategy in Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Authors:   International Labour Organization,
Published: September 2024

This ILO Brief summarises the key findings and recommendations from the “Report of the Mid-Term Review of the National Social Protection Strategy in Lao People's Democratic Republic”.