bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROBLEMATYKA KONSERWATORSKA I ZAŁOŻENIA OCHRONY OBIEKTÓW DAWNEGO KL AUSCHITZ-BIRKENAU
Authors: Banaś-Maciaszczyk Jolanta , Pióro Rafał
Published: June 2020

Artykuł przedstawia skalę i wyzwania związane z ochroną i zachowaniem byłego niemieckiego nazistowskiego obozu koncentracyjnego Auschwitz-Birkenau.

Kolejność działań podjętych w celu zachowania miejsca, od momentu założenia muzeum w 1947 r., poprzez utworzenie profesjonalnych laboratoriów konserwatorskich w 2003 r., aż do pierwszych prac prowadzonych w ramach długoterminowego programu ochrony (Plan Ochrony) w latach 2012-2016 został w niniejszej pracy opisany w syntetyczny i przekrojowy sposób.

Autorzy wskazują główne kierunki i zasady, które były stosowane przez kolejne pokolenia odpowiedzialne za zachowanie byłego obozu. Określają również aktualne wytyczne konserwatorskie sporządzone na podstawie prac wykonanych w latach 1947-2002, które zostały później doprecyzowane przez zespół certyfikowanych konserwatorów zatrudnionych w muzeum.

Auschwitz jest przykładem, który pokazuje, że dzięki odpowiednio wcześnie podjętym działaniom, konsekwentnie realizowanymi, autentyczność miejsca może zostać zachowana. Działania te umożliwiły opracowanie mechanizmów pozwalających na długoterminowe planowanie zabiegów konserwatorskich.
POSZUKIWANIE KRYTERIÓW OCENY NOWOCZESNYCH MALOWIDEŁ ŚCIENNYCH W ZABYTKOWYCH KOŚCIOŁACH W POLSCE
Authors: Korpała Małgorzata
Published: June 2020

W artykule omówiono współczesne polichromie wykonane w XX wieku w zabytkowych kościołach. Często uważa się, że nie pasują one do historycznych, jak również kościelnych wnętrz. Ich wartość jest często dyskredytowana ze względu na epokę, w której zostały stworzone.

Współczesne malowidła ścienne w zabytkowych wnętrzach kościelnych można podzielić w odniesieniu do czasu, w których powstały poprzednie. Druga grupa obejmuje polichromie powstałe po wojnie w trakcie przygotowań i obchodów Tysiąclecia Chrztu Polski. Współczesne dekoracje w zabytkowych kościołach były również realizowane w późniejszych czasach. Zostały wykonane przez wybitnych artystów - Józefa E. Dutkiewicza, Wacława Taranczewskiego, Jerzego Nowosielskiego. Często polichromie łączą efekty prac konserwatorskich ze współczesnym malarstwem polichromowanym. Najważniejszą cechą tych realizacji było połączenie zabytkowego wyposażenia i wystroju z nowymi, współczesnymi dekoracjami wnętrz. W wielu przypadkach były przejawem nowoczesności, podczas gdy w innych stanowiły kontynuację transformacji starych kościołów poprzez dodawanie kolejnych dzieł sztuki.

Jedyną szansą na uratowanie tych dekoracji jest wpisanie ich do rejestru zabytków. Dlatego konieczne jest przygotowanie kryteriów oceny współczesnych obrazów w historycznych wnętrzach. Pozwoli to nie tylko na docenienie i zachowanie tych polichromii, ale także na ich skuteczną ochronę.
KOŚCIOŁY POKOJU W JAWORZE I ŚWIDNICY – PRACE KONSERWATORSKIE WNĘTRZA I WYPOSAŻENIA, JAKO PRZYKŁAD OCHRONY BUDOWLI WPISANYCH NA LISTĘ ŚWIATOWEGO DZIEDZICTWA
Authors: Korpała Małgorzata
Published: June 2020

Churches of Peace in Jawor and Świdnica, inscribed in the World Heritage List, are unique examples of religious monuments which were created despite many unfavourable circumstances, and survived till today while preserving their original function, decorations and furnishings.The article discusses crucial principles of conservation work in both buildings, which has been carried out since the beginning of the 1990s. Positive results of conservation work, preserving the authenticity of substance, were possible mainly due to inscribing the building in the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List. Preserving the authenticity of those monuments was the priority during the realised conservation work on the interior decoration and furnishings. That is why the Churches of Peace in Jawor and Świdnica maintained their authentic original décor from the turn of the 17th and 18th century.
Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kapas (Gossypium barbadense L.) terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Khumaidi Akhmad , Nugrahani Arsa Wahyu , Gunawan Febriani
Published: June 2020

Kapas (Gossypium barbadense L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi dapat dikembangkan menjadi agen antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan antibakteri senyawa kimia di dalam ekstrak etanol daun kapas terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Propionibacterium acnes yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona hambat. Ekstraksi daun kapas dilakukan secara maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar dengan teknik sumuran dan ekstrak uji dibuat seri konsentrasi. Kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) bioautografi dan pereaksi kromogenik digunakan dalam identifikasi golongan senyawa yang mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun kapas dengan konsentrasi 50% memberikan daya hambat terbesar terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis dengan diameter 12,28±0,63 mm sedangkan ekstrak etanol 70% memberikan aktivitas terbesar terhadap Propionibacterium acnes dengan diameter 11,40±0,32 mm. Golongan senyawa yang diduga bertanggung jawab terhadap aktivitas antibakteri yaitu golongan flavonoid.

Kata kunci: Antibakteri, Daun Kapas (Gossypium barbadense L.), Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis
Implementing a Graphic Organizer Active Learning Exercise with an Interactive Lesson Template
Authors: Welch Adam , Williams Michele
Published: June 2020

Objective: To describe a systematic approach to active learning using a lesson template with a graphic organizer activity.

Innovation: The authors describe a tool that can be used to incorporate a graphic organizer activity into a traditional lecture class to promote active learning. This interactive template offers a step-by-step process to plan and implement a graphic organizer activity. The graphic organizer was used in a contact dermatitis lecture as part of a Nonprescription Medicines course for first year pharmacy students.

Critical Analysis: A survey of students immediately after the activity identified that students agreed they were interested in the activity, were engaged with the activity, and perceived an understanding of the course material. An instructor reflection revealed that students were excited and identified some instructor challenges to executing the activity.

Next Steps: Instructors interested in using graphic organizers in lectures can refer to this approach for guidance.  In addition to a graphic organizer, the structure of this template can be applied to different active learning activities, thus creating consistency in delivering active learning.

 

Article Type: Note
Pandeminin Toplumsal Yansımaları
Authors: HOTAR Nükhet , OMAY Rabia Ece , BAYRAK Serdar , KURUÜZÜM Ziya , ÜNAL Belgin
Published: June 2020

İlk kez 2019 yılının Aralık ayında Çin'de görülen ve çok kısa sürede pandemiye dönüşen Covid-19, alınan güçlü önlemler sayesinde bulunduğumuz coğrafi konuma göre oldukça geç bir tarihte ülkemizde de ortaya çıkmıştır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün pandemi ilanı ile beraber Sağlık Bakanlığı’nın geliştirmiş olduğu algoritmalar doğrultusunda Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Yerleşkesinde de yönetsel ve tıbbi değerlendirmeler gerçekleştirilmiş ve süreç bu prensiplerle sürdürülmeye devam edilmiştir. Çalışmada Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Pandemi Polikliniği'ne başvuran hastaların tanı kriterlerine bağlı olarak değerlendirilme süreçleri ve buna bağlı sosyo-demografik özellikleri incelenmiş ve uzun vadede toplu izolasyonun sürdürülebilir olup olmadığı, normalleşme sürecinin nasıl sürdürülmesi gerektiği ile ilgili öngörülere de yer verilmiştir. Bu amaçla 18.03.2020-24.04.2020 periyodunda DEÜ Araştırma Uygulama Hastanesinde Covid-19 tanısı ile izlenen hastaların demografik özellikleri dikkate alınmıştır. Covid-19 pandemi süreci bir toplumun en temel ihtiyaçlarından birinin sağlık hizmetleri olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bununla birlikte kesin Covid-19 vakalarının diğer Covid-19 vakaları ile temasta bulunmuş olma oranı oldukça yüksektir ve bu nedenle pandeminin yayılımını kontrol altına almak için sosyal izolasyonun sağlanması çok önemlidir. Bununla birlikte kamu ve özel sektörün gerekli önlemleri alarak, kontrollü bir normalleşme sürecine geçmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır.
Psikolojik Sahiplenmenin Çalışanların Ekstra Rol Davranışı Üzerine Etkisi: Özel Sektörde Bir Araştırma
Authors: KALMAZ Melda , TOZKOPARAN Güler
Published: June 2020

Çalışmanın temel amacı, psikolojik sahiplenmenin çalışanların ekstra rol davranışı üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, çalışma kapsamında İzmir Arkas Holding Operasyon Merkezi’nde çalışan 170 kişi ile bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada, Van Dyne ve Pierce (2004) tarafından geliştirilen psikolojik sahiplenme ölçeği ile Vandewalle vd. (1995) tarafından geliştirilen ekstra rol davranışı ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, psikolojik sahiplenme ve ekstra rol davranışı boyutlarından yardım etme davranışı arasında anlamlı ve orta düzeyde pozitif bir ilişki (r=0,580, p
İktisadi ve Mali Krizlerin Anatomisi: Krizler Tarihi Üzerine Kısa Değerlendirmeler
Authors: KARABULUT Şahin , SARAÇ Özgür
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada, iktisadi yaşamı olduğu kadar sosyal ve siyasal alanda da oldukça sarsıcı etkiler ortaya koyan ekonomik krizler tarihi sanayi kapitalizmi öncesi, sanayi kapitalizmi sonrası ve küreselleşmenin hızını iyice artırdığı 1990 sonrası olmak üzere üç ana döneme ayrılarak kronolojik olarak incelenmiştir. Sanayi kapitalizmi öncesi krizler, ekonomide çeşitli şekillerde yaşanan spekülasyonlar nedeniyle ortaya çıkmakla birlikte sanayi kapitalizminin doğuşuyla reel sektör krizleri de yaşanmaya başlamıştır. 1990’lı yıllarda ise krizlerin sayısı ve görülme sıklığında ciddi bir artış gerçekleşmiştir. Çalışmada, krizlerin balon, panik, buhran gibi şekillerde benzer özellikler arz ettiği tespit edilmiş olsa da krizlere karşı yapısal önlemler alınmaması halinde krizlerin sayısının ve şiddetinin gittikçe artmasına neden olacağı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Türkiye'de Doğurganlık ve Göç: Bir Sayma Veri Modeli
Authors: SELİM Sibel , BİLGİN Derya
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada amaç, 2008 ve 2013 yıllarında Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü’nün gerçekleştirmiş olduğu Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması (TNSA) verileri kullanılarak Türkiye’de göç eden ve göç etmeyen evli kadınların doğurganlığını etkileyen etmenlerin sayma veri regresyon modeli ile araştırılmasıdır. Analizlerde bağımlı değişken, evli kadınların sahip olduğu çocuk sayısı iken bağımsız değişkenler kadının ve erkeğin yaşı, çalıştıkları sektör, eğitim durumları, hanehalkı refah düzeyi, ailenin etnik kökeni, kadının ilk evlenme yaşı, ölen çocuk sayıları, kürtaj sayısı, hanehalkı büyüklüğü ve doğum kontrol yöntemleridir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre, 2008'de etnik köken, kadının ve erkeğin eğitim düzeyi gibi değişkenler göç etmeyenlerde doğurganlığı etkileyen en önemli değişkenler iken, göç edenlerde bu değişkenlerin doğurganlık üzerinde anlamlı etkisi bulunmamıştır. 2013 yılında ise değişkenlerin doğurganlık üzerine olan etkilerinin göç edenlerde göç etmeyenlere göre daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür.
Application of the Electrical Resistivity Method for Site Investigation in University of Anbar, Ar-Ramadi City, Western Iraq
Authors: Salman Amina M. , Thabit Jassim M. , Abed Ali M.
Published: June 2020

The 2D resistivity imaging technique was applied in an engineering study for the investigation of subsurface weakness zones within University of Anbar, western Iraq. The survey was carried out using Dipole-dipole array with an n-factor of 6 and a-spacing values of 2 m and 5 m. The inverse models of the 2D electrical imaging clearly show the resistivity contrast between the anomalous parts of the weakness zones and the background resistivity distribution. The thickness and shape of the subsurface weakness zones were well defined from the 2D imaging using Dipole-dipole array of 2 m a-spacing. The thickness of the weakness zone ranges between 9.5 m to 11.5 m. Whereas the Dipole-dipole array with a-spacing of 5 m and n-factor of 6 allocated the geoelectrical stratigraphic layers sequence in low-accuracy of weakness zones, but deeper than the inverse model of 2 m a-spacing. This survey was made to explain the correlation between the weakness zone and the deeper layers in the study area. It points out that the deeper layers were not affected in the weakness zones. The inverse model was produced using the Standard Least-Squares Inversion Method and the Robust Inversion Model Constraints Method. The first method had a gradational boundary of the weakness zones and the second had sharper and straighter boundaries of fractures and voids within the weakness zones.
Histological Effect of Aspirin on the Stomach of Male Albino Swiss Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Al-Timimi Zainab Karim
Published: June 2020

The present study aimed to determine the impacts of Aspirin drug on the stomach of albino Swiss mice. The study sample included 10 male mice divided into 2 groups. The first group was orally administered with 0.1 mL of 0.75 mg/kg aspirin once daily, whereas the second group, the control, was treated with similar doses of distilled water. Following 60 days of successive treatment, a number of parameters was studied including difference in body weight and histopathological changes in the  stomach as diagnosed after histological preparation. The results showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in body weight average of the treated mice compared with the control group. The results also revealed the occurrence of several histopathological changes in the stomach   of treated animals, including raptures in the epithelium lining, congestion in the muscular layer, and vasodilation. In addition, alterations such as hemorrhage, pyknosis in muscle cells, sloughing of the lining of the muscular layer, and external bleeding were observed. It can be concluded from these results that orally administered aspirin exerts negative effects on the stomach in mice.
Evaluation of the Activity of Essential Oil and Hydrosol from Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Against Some Bacterial Species
Authors: Khalaf Zainab Zamel , Zahra Lamiaa Abdul
Published: June 2020

Nowadays, the use of medicinal plants is being practiced at a wide range as a result of antibiotics resistant for the vast majority of microorganisms. Eucalyptus camaldulensis essential oil and hydrosol were used in this study against planktonic forms and biofilms of some species of Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of this plant were detected using the microtiter plate and MIC approaches. The results proposed that the oil and hydrosol preparations have antibacterial activities against planktonic cells in different concentrations depending on the type of isolate. For antibiofilm activity, the results showed that E. camaldulensis oil was highly effective against bacterial biofilms of different bacterial species in comparison with the hydrosol. In conclusions, the studied plant can be used as an alternative treatment against bacterial biofilms that cause chronic infections for humans and animals.
Perception of Farmers of Communal and Individual Stalls Towards the Role of Extension on Integrated Farming in Pelalawan District
Authors: Edwina Susy , Maharani Evy , Kusumawaty Yeni , Yusri Jumatri , Yusmini Yusmini
Published: June 2020

Provision of government assistance to the SISKA (integration of cattle and oilpalm) program has encouraged farmers to form groups. One component of the aid was the communal stall which is a joint enclosure developed in one location. The development of communal stalls is not always successfully maintained by the groups. This study aimed to analyze the perception of SISKA farmers on the role of extension as well as the driving and inhibiting factors of the extension role. The study was conducted in Kecamatan Pangkalan Lesung and Kerumutan Subdistrict of Pelalawan District based on the existence of 11 groups of farmers who still apply SISKA. The analytical method used was perception analysis by average scoring method and perceptual mapping by spiderweb graph. Sampling was conducted by census in 11 farmer groups with a total of 125 members (38 farmers who applied individual stalls and 87 farmers who applied communal stalls). The results showed that the perception towards extension of farmers applying communal stalls was in “good”category, while the perception of farmers applying individual stalls was in “less good” category. The role of extension workers in both systems that has not been functioning was in facilitating farmers to partner.
The Communication Behaviour of Farmers and Strategies to Strengthen the Capacity of Information Access in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 in Ambon City
Authors: Damanik Inta P.N , Tahitu Meilvis E.
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan karakteristik petani di Kota Ambon terkait dengan perilaku penggunaan telepon seluler;  menentukan faktor pendorong dan penghambat petani menggunakan telepon seluler;  menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku komunikasi petani, khususnya penggunaan telepon seluler untuk mengakses informasi pertanian; dan mendisain strategi penguatan kapasitas petani menggunakan telepon seluler untuk mengakses informasi usahatani.  Penelitian melibatkan 235 petani dari 47 kelompok tani yang mewakili 88 kelompok tani di Kota Ambon.  Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dan statistik inferensial menggunakan uji korelasi Rank Spearman.  Hasil analisis data digunakan untuk mendisain strategi penguatan kapasitas petani mengakses informasi secara virtual dengan telepon seluler.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar petani berusia dewasa (>40-55 tahun) dengan tingkat pendidikan dominan pada kategori sedang (SLTP – tamat SLTA), namun memiliki pengalaman berusahatani kategori panjang (>15 tahun).  Faktor pendorong utama petani menggunakan telepon seluler adalah berkomunikasi dengan keluarga dan teman-teman, sedangkan faktor penghambat utama adalah biaya pembelian pulsa.  Pengetahuan dan keterampilan  >60% petani mengakses informasi pertanian melalui telepon seluler tergolong rendah, namun dominan petani setuju pemanfaatan telepon seluler sebagai media informasi pertanian.  Strategi penguatan kapasitas petani mengakses informasi melalui telepon seluler melibatkan lima pihak utama, yaitu kelompok tani, penyuluh pertanian, perguruan tinggi dan lembaga riset setempat, pemerintah daerah, dan penyedia layanan internet.
Perceptions of Smallholders Farmers on Oil Palm Plantation Cooperative in Kongbeng, East Kutai
Authors: Putra Christian Pratama , Sadono Dwi , Susanto Djoko
Published: June 2020

Farmers' perception toward a program is the primary basis for their willingness to participate in the program. The objectives of the research are: (1) to know the perception level of farmers in the palm oil plantation cooperatives, (2) to analyse the correlation between internal and external factors with farmers perception. The study was conducted on May 2018 in Kongbeng Sub District of East Kutai District. The sample size is 66 farmers who are a member of a cooperative and cultivate palm oil on his land. The analysis used is descriptive statistics and Rank Spearman correlation. The results showed that the perception of farmers about the existence of cooperatives in community palm oil plantations in the form of cooperative benefits and the implementation of cooperatives are in a good category. Internal factors are significantly related to the perception of farmers only at the level of formal education in the benefits of cooperatives. Other internal factors have no relationship with the perception of farmers. Most of the external factors are highly correlated with farmers' perceptions of partnership support, farmer group support, extension support, and local government support.
Group Dynamics and the Farmer Participation on Rural Agribusiness Development Program in Sematang Borang Subdistrict Palembang
Authors: Sriati Sriati , Malini Henny , Wulandari Stela
Published: June 2020

Abstract   Rural Agribusiness Development Program (PUAP) is a program under the coordination of the National Independent Community Empowerment Program (PNPM-Mandiri), which has been carried out by the Ministry of Agriculture since 2008. PUAP is a form of facilitation of venture capital assistance for group member farmers, coordinated by the Joint Farmers Group ( Gapoktan). This study aims to: (1) measure the level of group dynamics of farmer participating in the PUAP Program, (2) measure the level of participation of farmers in the PUAP program, and (3) analyze the correlation between of farmer group dynamics with the level of farmer participation in the PUAP program in Sematang Borang Subdistrict Palembang City. This research was conducted in Sematang Borang Subdistrict, Palembang City, using the survey method (Explanatory survey). The study population was all farmers who were members of the 6 farmer groups benefiting from the PUAP program who joined the Marjasuma Gapoktan consisting of 90 farmers in the Sematang Borang District. Samples were taken proportionally stratified random (proportionate stratified random sampling), i.e. from each group were taken 4 farmers so that the total sample of 24 farmers .. Data collected included primary data and secondary data, analyzed descriptively, and the relationships between variables were analyzed by Rank Correlation Test Spearman The results showed the level of dynamics of farmer groups in Sematang Borang Subdistrict included high criteria with an average score of 33.91 (an achievement of 94.91%). Elements: group goals, group structure, task functions and group effectiveness are all high criteria. each with a score of 8.54; 8.37; 8.54 and 8.48. The level of participation of farmers belonging to farmer groups in the PUAP program is at a high criterion with an average total score of 33.25 (92.36% achievement). For each stage of participation, namely the planning, implementation, evaluation, and utilization of the results, all are included in the high criteria, each with a score of: 8.28; 8.17; 8.42; and 8.41. The level of group dynamics was positively correlated with the level of farmer participation in the PUAP Program with a correlation coefficient value of Rs = 0.80 significant at a    = 0.05 Keywords: Group Dynamics, Farmer Groups, Participation, Farmers, PUAP.
Role of Policies and Laws of the Country in the Activities of Exploiting and Using the East Sea
Authors: Minh Do Duc
Published: June 2020

The paper focuses on research and commentary clarifying some basic theoretical issues about marine policy and law; analyze current situation of policies and laws in the East Sea currently; From there, generalizing matters with methodological significance to identify and confirm the role of national policies and laws on the use and exploitation of the East Sea in the current context.

Keywords: role, policy, law, South China sea.

References:

Kuang-ming Jih-pao (Canton) 24 Nov. 1975 p.2, cited in Samuels.[2] "Oil Drives Territorial Dispute in South China Sea", International Herald Tribunes, 4/24/1995.[3] Multilateralism and the south China sea conflict: Quest for hegemonic stability? [4] I Storey, "China’s Missteps in Southeast Asia: Less Charm, More Offensive" (2010) X China Brief 4.[5] The position of East Vietnam Sea.[6]https://www.academia.edu/28510538/V%E1%BB%8B_th%E1%BA%BF_Bi%E1%BB%83n_%C4%90%C3%B4ng_-_the_position_of_East_Vietnam_Sea._H%E1%BB%99i_ngh%E1%BB%8B_Khoa_h%E1%BB%8Dc_v%C3%A0_C%C3%B4ng_ngh%E1%BB%87_bi%E1%BB%83n_to%C3%A0n_qu%E1%BB%91c_l%E1%BA%A7n_th%E1%BB%A9_V._n%C4%83m_2011._Ti%E1%BB%83u_ban_%C4%90%E1%BB%8Ba_l%C3%BD_%C4%90%E1%BB%8Ba_ch%E1%BA%A5t_v%C3%A0_%C4%90%E1%BB%8Ba_v%E1%BA%ADt_l%C3%BD_Bi%E1%BB%83n._Tr._59-68?email_work_card=view-paper.
LA ACTUACIÓN DE LOS JUECES DE ORDEN FAMILIAR EN DERECHOS DE LOS MENORES DE EDAD.
Authors: Santiago Rolando Castillo
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo, vierte como objetivo general, determinar la eficacia respecto a la protección de los derechos mínimos a este grupo considerado como vulnerable, la pertinencia en cuanto a las actuaciones de los administradores de justicia sobre casos concretos, acreditando el “ser y el deber ser”, en lo justiciable y oportuno; los temas se desarrollan con una metodología aplicada en la historia critica, el derecho comparado, análisis de casos, aplicación de la sociología jurídica. Finalmente concluyo dando posibles matices de respuestas a las diversas problemáticas que atienden los jueces del orden familiar.
FORMATION OF NEW INDUSTRIAL SECTORS AS A FEATURE OF INDUSTRIAL AND TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT OF MOSCOW IN THE LAST THIRD OF THE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES
Authors: Romanov A. A. , Kolobkova V. A.
Published: June 2020

The period of the late XIX – early XX centuries, which is characterized by the active development of capitalism in Russia and the emergence of a number of new industrial sectors, – has been considered. These processes were clearly manifested in Moscow, which had turned into the largest industrial center. The emergence of advanced technical industries has been shown: printing, chemical, electrical. The capitalist level of industrial development in Moscow at the beginning of the XXth century is evidenced by the processes of concentration, combination and monopolization of production in many industries. The products of Moscow enterprises were in demand both within the country and abroad. It has been shown that the Moscow factory industry acted as a conductor of the latest technology, not only for a vast area of central provinces, but also for all Russia.
Towards a First-Principles Evaluation of Transport Mechanisms in Molecular Wires
Authors: kröncke Susanne , Herrmann Carmen
Published: June 2020

Understanding charge transport through molecular wires is important for nanoscale electronics and biochemistry. Our goal is to establish a simple first-principles protocol for predicting the charge transport mechanism in such wires, in particular the crossover from coherent tunneling for short wires to incoherent hopping for longer wires. This protocol is based on a combination of density-functional theory with a polarizable continuum model introduced by Kaupp et al. for mixed-valence molecules, which we had previously found to work well for length-dependent charge delocalization in such systems. We combine this protocol with a new charge delocalization measure tailored for molecular wires, and we show that it can predict the tunneling-to hopping transition length with a maximum error of one subunit in five sets of molecular wires studied experimentally in molecular junctions at room temperature. This suggests that the protocol is also well suited for estimating the extent of hopping sites as relevant, e.g., for the intermediate tunneling-hopping regime in DNA.
The Potential role of Procyanidin as a Therapeutic Agent against SARS-CoV-2: A Text Mining, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Approach
Authors: Maroli Nikhil , Bhasuran Balu , Natarajan Jeyakumar , Kolandaivel Ponmalai
Published: June 2020

A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a major outbreak in the human all over the world. There are several proteins interplay during the entry and replication of this virus in human. Here, we have used text mining andnamed entity recognition method to identify co-occurrence of the important COVID 19 genes/proteins in the interaction network based on the frequency of the interaction. Network analysis revealed a set of genes/proteins, highly dense genes/protein clusters and sub networks of Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), Helicase, spike (S) protein (trimeric), membrane (M) protein, envelop (E) protein, and the nucleocapsid (N) protein. The isolated proteins are screened against procyanidin-a flavonoid from plants using molecular docking. Further, molecular dynamics simulation of critical proteins such as ACE2, Mpro and spike proteins are performed to elucidate the inhibition mechanism. The strong network of hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions along with van der Waals interactions inhibit receptors, which are essential to the entry and replication of the SARS-CoV-2. The binding energy calculated (ACE2=-50.21 ± 6.3, Mpro=-89.50 ± 6.32 and spike=-23.06 ± 4.39) through molecular mechanics poisson−boltzmann surface area also confirm the affinity of procyanidin towards the critical receptors.
Efficient Killing of Multidrug-Resistant Intracellular Bacteria by AIEgens in Vivo
Authors: Li Ying , Liu Fei , Zhang Jiangjiang , Liu Xiaoye , Xiao Peihong , Bai Haotian , Chen Shang , Wang Dong , Sung Simon H. P. , Tsz Kin Kwok Ryan , Zhu Kui , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: June 2020

Bacteria infected cells acting as “Trojan horses” not only protect bacteria from antibiotic therapies and immune clearance, but also increase the dissemination of pathogens from the initial sites of infection. Antibiotics are hard and insufficient to treat such hidden intracellular bacteria, especially the multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Herein, aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) such as TBPs showed potent broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both extracellular and intracellular Gram-positive pathogens at low-dose levels. TBPs triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated membrane damage to kill bacteria, regardless of light irradiation. Additionally, such AIEgens activated mitochondria dependent autophagy to eliminate intracellular bacteria in host cells. Compared to the routinely used vancomycin in clinics, TBPs showed comparable efficacy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vivo. Our studies demonstrate that AIEgens are promising new agents for the treatment of MDR bacteria associated infections.
Synergistic Effects of Carbon Dots and Palladium Nanoparticles Enhances the Sonocatalytic Performance for Rhodamine B Degradation in the Absence of Ligh
Authors: Selim Abdul , Kaur Sharanjeet , Dar Arif Hassan , Sartaliya Shaifali , Jayamurugan Govindasamy
Published: June 2020

Carbon dot (CD) and palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) composites are semiconducting materials having tremendous applications in catalysis with suitable bandgap. However, their combination with suitable polymer matrix in sono-photo-catalysis has not been explored. Herein, we have synthesized and characterized a new nano-hybrid catalyst from polyamide cross-linked CD-polymer and subsequent deposition of Pd NPs. Sonocatalytic activity of 99% rhodamine B dye-degradation was achieved in mere 5 minutes (min) under dark. Model catalyst replacing CD with benzene and other control studies revealed that synergistic effects of CD and Pd NPs enhances the sonocatalytic activity of nano-hybrid catalyst. Interestingly, visible light did not influence the activity significantly. While mechanistic investigations suggest that generation of reactive oxygen species on the surface of CD-polymer initiated by ultrasound which further facilitated by Pd NPs is the key for remarkable catalytic activity (rate constant 0.99 min-1). Recyclable heterogeneous catalyst under ambient conditions are promising for the utility of exploring sono-assisted dark-catalysis for several avenues.
Synthesis of Heavily Hydrated La2NiO4 Through Ion Exchange of Its Fluorinated Derivative: A New Route to the Synthesis of Oxyhydroxide Systems
Authors: hancock cathryn , Slater Peter
Published: June 2020

In this paper we report the synthesis of heavily hydrated La2NiO4. While prior literature work has shown that under normal conditions La2NiO4 can incorporate very little water, the results here show that samples with high levels (up to 0.6 H2O per formula unit) can be achieved by first fluorinating La2NiO4 and then performing an ion exchange (OH- for F-) under hydrothermal conditions. The success of this work highlights the potential of such anion exchange as a novel route of preparing new metastable hydrated (oxyhydroxide) phases.
Deep Learning Total Energies and Orbital Energies of Large Organic Molecules Using Hybridization of Molecular Fingerprints
Authors: Rahaman Obaidur , Gagliardi Alessio
Published: June 2020

The ability to predict material properties without the need of resource consuming experimental efforts can immensely accelerate material and drug discovery. Although ab initio methods can be reliable and accurate in making such predictions, they are computationally too expensive at a large scale. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning as well as availability of large quantum mechanics derived datasets enable us to train models on these datasets as benchmark and to make fast predictions on much larger datasets. The success of these machine learning models highly depends on the machine-readable fingerprints of the molecules that capture their chemical properties as well as topological information. In this work we propose a common deep learning based framework to combine different types of molecular fingerprints to enhance prediction accuracy. Graph Neural Network (GNN), Many Body Tensor Representation (MBTR) and a set of simple Molecular Descriptors (MD) were used to predict the total energies, Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) energies and Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) energies of a dataset containing ~62k large organic molecules with complex aromatic rings and remarkably diverse functional groups. The results demonstrate that a combination of best performing molecular fingerprints can produce better results than the individual ones. The simple and flexible deep learning framework developed in this work can be easily adapted to incorporate other types of molecular fingerprints.
Dari Generasi Millenial hingga Generasi Alfa: Analisis Nama Masyarakat Banaran-Bugel
Authors: Achsani Ferdian
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penamaan masyarakat di dukuh Banaran-Bugel. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara, yaitu peneliti terjun langsung ke masyarakat dan melakukan wawancara terhadap nama-nama pada generasi millenial hingga generasi alpha di dukuh tersebut. Analisis data menggunakan model interaktif yang meliputi proses pengumpulan data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penamaan masyarakat di dukuh Banaran-Bugel mengalami perkembangan dari yang semula tradisional beralih ke nama-nama modern. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari beberapa nama-nama generasi millenial hingga generasi alpha yang diambil dari beberapa bahasa seperti bahasa Arab, Sansekerta, Jawa, dll. Meskipun demikian, Proses penamaan di dukuh ini dapat dilihat dari beberapa klasifikasi seperti urutan kelahiran, bulan kelahiran, penanda jenis kelamin, harapan sifat yang meliputi sifat benda dan sufat manusia, harapan, dan gabungan nama orang tua.
MEMAKNAI WABAH DAN ISOLASI DALAM ROMAN LA PESTE KARYA ALBERT CAMUS: KAJIAN HERMENEUTIKA PAUL RICOEUR [Interpretation of Plague and Isolation in The Romance of Albert Camus ‘La Peste’ : Hermeneutic Study of Paul Ricoeur]
Authors: Sunahrowi Sunahrowi , Safitri Widya Eka
Published: June 2020

Interpretation in literary works is very open. The problem examined in this study is the looking for meaning that related to the plague and isolation that exists in the romance ‘La Peste’. So, this research aims to provide a view of the relationship of the text in literary works and describe the content by the realities of Paul Ricoeur hermeneutics studies through descriptive methods. The results of the analysis of the romance ‘La Peste’ are divided into two parts, namely sens and reference. With this analysis, the romance ‘La Peste’ is easier to be understand both in terms of intrinsic and the relationship of meaning in the text with the realities of life.Sastra adalah sebuah karya yang terbuka terhadap interpretasi dan penafsiran. Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah pencarian makna terkait wabah dan isolasi yang ada dalam roman La Peste. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini yaitu memberikan pandangan terhadap hubungan teks dalam karya sastra serta mendeskripsikan isinya sesuai dengan realitas kehidupan dengan menggunakan kajian hermeneutika Paul Ricoeur melalui metode deskriptif. Hasil analisis roman La Peste terbagi menjadi dua bagian, yaitu sens dan reference.  Adanya analisis ini membuat roman La Peste lebih mudah dipahami baik dari segi instrinsik maupun keterkaitan makna dalam teks dengan realitas kehidupan.
BUDAYA PATRIARKI DALAM KUMPULAN CERPEN CERITA PENDEK TENTANG CERITA CINTA PENDEK KARYA DJENAR MAESA AYU
Authors: Anggarista Randa
Published: June 2020

This study uses a feminist perspective with the aim of identifying the forms of patriarchy culture in a collection of Short Stories Cerita Pendek tentang Cerita Cinta Pendek by Djenar Maesa Ayu. This research is a type of qualitative research using descriptive analysis method. The data in this research are in the form of text which refers to the formulation of a problem about patriarchal culture in a collection of Short Stories Cerita Pendek tentang Cerita Cinta Pendek, while the source of data in this study is a collection of Short Stories Cerita Pendek tentang Cerita Cinta Pendek by Djenar Maesa Ayu published by Gramedia Pustaka Utama in 2016. The data validity technique in this study uses the validity and reliability test. The validity test used by the author is semantic or content validity oriented to the depth of the interpretation process, accuracy, broad and complete interpretation, and the accuracy of interpretation and description based on the analysis knife used. The reliability test used in this research is interrater which is done through the process of reading texts repeatedly with the aim to obtain constant and in-depth data. Data collection techniques are done by reading and note-taking techniques, while data analysis techniques are carried out through the stages of identification, classification, interpretation, and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of the study, in a collection of short stories Cerita Pendek tentang Cerita Cinta Pendek by Djenar Maesa Ayu, there is a patriarchal culture in the form of a father's power in the family and sexual sadism.
Paid Work alongside Higher Education Studies as an Investment in Human Capital
Authors: Fényes Hajnalka
Published: June 2020

In this study, using a database of higher education student surveys, we analyse the motivations behind paid work through cluster analysis and reveal which variables influence them. We hypothesise that working while studying is also an investment in human capital. We research to what extent students are motivated to work alongside their studies by the possibility of acquiring work experience and future financial return. Furthermore, we examine whether Bourdieuan capital conversion is characteristic of students. We found that acquiring work experience was a more important motive behind paid work than acquiring cultural and social capital and the possibility of capital conversion. We also found that students from disadvantaged backgrounds are primarily motivated to seek employment by the prospect of short-term income. It is a significant finding that even if the students’ jobs are not related to their studies, they still have the goal of gaining professional experience and increasing their capital, which implies that they consider many of these jobs to be an investment in human capital (even if it does not yield a return in the future; see the theoretical section). According to our policy recommendation, higher education institutions should offer students more study-related employment opportunities in the examined Central European region, while employers should also attribute a greater value to the professional experience acquired alongside higher education studies.
Teachers’ Self-Efficacy Based on Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Primary School Pupils
Authors: Vlah Nataša , Velki Tena , Kovačić Emina
Published: June 2020

Both the quality and quantity of teachers’ experiences of self-competence in dealing with pupils with symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder have been the subject of a great deal of research. The permanent monitoring of the levels at which teachers accomplish such competencies, which have a positive effect on the improvement of teaching, is one of the tasks of educational science. The present paper determines how teachers self-assess their efficacy in teaching pupils with behavioural difficulties based on the pupils’ symptoms of attention disorder and hyperactivity. Primary school teachers from 12 counties of the Republic of Croatia participated in the research. The teachers provided data for a total of 1,383 pupils in whom they subjectively detected behavioural difficulties. The research reveals that the characteristics of the pupil best predict the teacher’s self-efficacy. More time spent in the classroom with the teacher, better academic achievement, and a lower school grade indicate higher self-efficacy in teachers.
SpaceSheet: Navigating Conceptual Space with a Spreadsheet Interface
Authors: White Tom , Loh Bryan
Published: June 2020

We introduce a new spreadsheet based interface called SpaceSheets for creating novel images and other me- dia. Unlike traditional digital tools, ours is parame- terized entirely by a neural network with no prepro- grammed rules or knowledge representations. The ca- pability of SpaceSheets to support visual exploration and communication is demonstrated within the context of several domains including facial images, fonts, and english words. SpaceSheets is demonstrated to support the experimentation and exploration of latent spaces en- abling more effective design experimentation.
Sampling Generative Networks
Authors: White Tom
Published: June 2020

No description supplied
Active Colorization for Cartoon Line Drawings
Authors: Shuyu Chen , Jiaqi Zhang , Lin Gao , Lai Yukun , Zhang Fanglue
Published: June 2020

No description supplied
Galacto- and Fructo-oligosaccharides Utilized for Growth by Cocultures of Bifidobacterial Species Characteristic of the Infant Gut
Authors: Sims Ian , Tannock GW
Published: June 2020

Copyright © 2020 American Society for Microbiology. Bifidobacterial species are common inhabitants of the gut of human infants during the period when milk is a major component of the diet. Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium longum subspecies longum, and B. longum subspecies infantis have been detected frequently in infant feces, but B. longum subsp. infantis may be disadvantaged numerically in the gut of infants in westernized countries. This may be due to the different durations of breast milk feeding in different countries. Supplementation of the infant diet or replacement of breast milk using formula feeds is common in Western countries. Formula milks often contain galacto- and/or fructo-oligosaccharides (GOS and FOS, respectively) as additives to augment the concentration of oligosaccharides in ruminant milks, but the ability of B. longum subsp. infantis to utilize these potential growth substrates when they are in competition with other bifidobacterial species is unknown. We compared the growth and oligosaccharide utilization of GOS and FOS by bifidobacterial species in pure culture and coculture. Short-chain GOS and FOS (degrees of polymerization [DP] 2 and 3) were favored growth substrates for strains of B. bifidum and B. longum subsp. longum, whereas both B. breve and B. longum subsp. infantis had the ability to utilize both short- and longer-chain GOS and FOS (DP 2 to 6). B. breve was nevertheless numerically dominant over B. longum subsp. infantis in cocultures. This was probably related to the slower use of GOS of DP 3 by B. longum subsp. infantis, indicating that the kinetics of substrate utilization is an important ecological factor in the assemblage of gut communities.IMPORTANCE The kinds of bacteria that form the collection of microbes (the microbiota) in the gut of human infants may influence health and well-being. Knowledge of how the composition of the infant diet influences the assemblage of the bacterial collection is therefore important because dietary interventions may offer opportunities to alter the microbiota with the aim of improving health. Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis is a well-known bacterial species, but under modern child-rearing conditions it may be disadvantaged in the gut. Modern formula milks often contain particular oligosaccharide additives that are generally considered to support bifidobacterial growth. However, studies of the ability of various bifidobacterial species to grow together in the presence of these oligosaccharides have not been conducted. These kinds of studies are essential for developing concepts of microbial ecology related to the influence of human nutrition on the development of the gut microbiota.
Polysaccharide Structures in the Outer Mucilage of Arabidopsis Seeds Visualized by AFM
Authors: Williams MAK , Cornuault V , Irani AH , Symonds VV , Malmström J , An Y , Sims Ian , Carnachan Susan , Sallé C , North HM
Published: June 2020

© 2020 American Chemical Society. Evidence is presented that the polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan I (RGI) can be biosynthesized in remarkably organized branched configurations and surprisingly long versions and can self-assemble into a plethora of structures. AFM imaging has been applied to study the outer mucilage obtained from wild-type (WT) and mutant (bxl1-3 and cesa5-1) Arabidopsis thaliana seeds. For WT mucilage, ordered, multichain structures of the polysaccharide RGI were observed, with a helical twist visible in favorable circumstances. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrated the stability of several possible multichain complexes and the possibility of twisted fibril formation. For bxl1-3 seeds, the imaged polymers clearly showed the presence of side chains. These were surprisingly regular and well organized with an average length of ∼100 nm and a spacing of ∼50 nm. The heights of the side chains imaged were suggestive of single polysaccharide chains, while the backbone was on average 4 times this height and showed regular height variations along its length consistent with models of multichain fibrils examined in MD. Finally, in mucilage extracts from cesa5-1 seeds, a minor population of chains in excess of 30 μm long was observed.
Molecular, rheological and physicochemical characterisation of puka gum, an arabinogalactan-protein extracted from the Meryta sinclairii tree
Authors: Wee MSM , Sims Ian , Goh KKT , Matia-Merino L
Published: June 2020

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd A water-soluble polysaccharide (type II arabinogalactan-protein) extracted from the gum exudate of the native New Zealand puka tree (Meryta sinclairii), was characterised for its molecular, rheological and physicochemical properties. In 0.1 M NaCl, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of puka gum is 5.9 × 106 Da with an RMS radius of 56 nm and z-average hydrodynamic radius of 79 nm. The intrinsic viscosity of the polysaccharide is 57 ml/g with a coil overlap concentration 15% w/w. Together, the shape factor, p, of 0.70 (exponent of RMS radius vs. hydrodynamic radius), Smidsrød-Haug's stiffness parameter B of 0.031 and Mark-Houwink exponent α of 0.375 indicate that the polysaccharide adopts a spherical conformation in solution, similar to gum arabic. The pKa is 1.8. The polysaccharide exhibits a Newtonian to shear-thinning behaviour from 0.2 to 25% w/w. Viscosity of the polysaccharide (1 s−1) decreases with decreasing concentration, increasing temperature, ionic strength, and at acidic pH.