bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental States Task (MST): Development, Validation, and Correlates of a Self‐Report Measure of Mentalization
Authors: Beaulieu‐Pelletier Genevieve , Bouchard Marc‐André , Philippe Frederick L.
Published: December 2012

Objectives

Mental states refer to the quality of one's capacity to mentally elaborate and open up to his or her subjective experience. The Mental States Task (MST) was developed to evaluate individual differences relative to this capacity.

Method

Using the MST, participants described a story from an emotionally challenging image and responded to a set of items about their cognitive and emotional processes while completing the task. The validation of the French version of the MST comprises two samples: 264 undergraduate/graduate students with a mean age of 27.27 years (Sample 1), and 206 students with a mean age of 26.61 years (Sample 2). The validation of the English version of the MST also includes two samples: 110 undergraduate students with a mean age of 20.15 years (Sample 3) and 188 students with a mean age of 20.90 years (Sample 4).

Results

Results suggest that 6 mental states can be distinguished and that the MST presents an adequate factorial structure, in both its French and English versions. The MST scores were associated with mental state scores derived from a content analysis method and with other related constructs (e.g., authenticity, empathy).

Conclusions

Overall, findings provide convincing evidence of validity and reliability for the MST as an assessment tool of mental states. This innovative measure is likely to facilitate the clinical and empirical investigation of mentalization.
First‐Generation Student Veterans: Implications of Poverty for Psychotherapy
Authors: Wurster Kristin G. , Rinaldi Anthony P. , Woods Tamara S. , Liu William Ming
Published: December 2012

Student veterans are arriving at university and college campuses and many counselors may not be prepared. Multiple and intersecting identities complicate the student's integration and matriculation into higher education. We review literature on first‐generation college students and issues pertinent to student veterans. Using the revised Social Class Worldview Model, this article offers a case example to illustrate how counselors may best work with student veterans.
“Honoring Somebody that Society Doesn't Honor”: Therapists Working in the Context of Poverty
Authors: Smith Laura , Li Vanessa , Dykema Stephanie , Hamlet Danae , Shellman Alison
Published: December 2012

Although it has been widely acknowledged that people living in poverty are underserved by mental health professionals, little is known about the experiences of psychotherapists who are currently working with poor clients. What can we learn from these clinicians that may help us more effectively prepare trainees for work in the context of poverty? This qualitative investigation analyzed narrative data from 10 therapists regarding their work with poor clients. Participants revealed perceptions of the challenging (and rewarding) nature of this work, the inadequacies of their training to meet these demands, and the damaging influence of social stigma within their clients’ lives and presenting problems, as well as on clinicians’ own occupational status.
The Therapist as Advocate: Anti‐Oppression Advocacy in Psychological Practice
Authors: Ali Alisha , Lees Kristin E.
Published: December 2012

In this article, we present an approach entitled Anti‐Oppression Advocacy (AOA) as a means of addressing poverty in a psychotherapeutic context. AOA is an integrative approach designed to meet two goals that we argue to be closely inter‐related: therapeutic change, and economic justice. In AOA, the practitioner is expected to act as an advocate and to encourage clients themselves to engage in some form of social justice action. We provide a case example of using AOA in a shelter for homeless survivors of domestic violence. We also discuss some of the challenges involved in implementing the AOA approach.
Competent Poverty Training
Authors: Stabb Sally D. , Reimers Faye A.
Published: December 2012

Despite numerous calls to the discipline, attention to poverty and social class remains minimal in psychology even though most human experience is significantly affected by social ranking. As a result, educators lack models for training in the context of poverty. Recent and concerted efforts to define and implement competency‐based models for the practice of professional psychology have resulted in the creation of Competency Benchmarks (American Psychological Association, 2011). Here, these Competency Benchmarks frame the integration of best practices in working with poor and working‐class clients with what we know about what constitutes good training. The result is a competency‐based approach for those who are training psychologists‐to‐be to work effectively with economically challenged clients.
Rapid, one‐step, high yielding 18F‐labeling of an aryltrifluoroborate bioconjugate by isotope exchange at very high specific activity
Authors: Liu Zhibo , Li Ying , Lozada Jerome , Pan Jinhe , Lin Kuo‐Shyan , Schaffer Paul , Perrin David M.
Published: December 2012

A rapid, single step, aqueous 18F‐labeling method that proceeds under mild conditions to provide radiotracers in high radiochemical yield and at high specific activity represents a long‐standing challenge. Arylboronates capture aqueous 18F‐fluoride ion in buffered pH 2–3 at moderate temperature to provide a highly polar 18F‐ArBF3− anion. Similarly, 19F‐18F isotope exchange on a 19F‐ArBF3− should create an 18F‐ArBF3−. We hypothesized that this reaction would proceed in volumes that would be amenable to the high levels of 18F‐activity used in clinical hospitals. In order to measure both radiochemical and chemical yields, along with specific activity, we linked an alkyne‐19F‐ArBF3− to rhodamine azide by standard click chemistry to afford a precursor Rh‐19F‐ArBF3−. This precursor was aliquoted in portions of 50 nmol and lyophilized for on‐demand use. Using robotic manipulators in a hot cell, we combined >29.6 GBq (800 mCi) and 50 nmol of the Rh‐19F‐ArBF3− in aqueous dimethylformamide at buffered pH 2–3. Following mild heating (40 °C) for 10‐15 min, the reaction was quenched and analyzed. We observed radiochemical yields of 50% and specific activities of nearly 555 GBq/µmol (15 Ci/µmol). Similar radiochemical yields and slightly lower specific activities were also obtained with ~400 mCi (n = 2). With radiochemical yields in the hundreds of millicuries and specific activities that are 3–10‐fold higher than most radiotracers, this method is very attractive method for preparing clinically useful radiotracers. Moreover, the ability to produce tracers at extraordinarily high specific activities expands the distribution time window from production labs to distant positron emission tomography scanners. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chirally deuterated benzyl chlorides from benzyl alcohols via hexachloroacetone/polymer‐supported triphenylphosphine: synthesis of protected (2S, 3S)‐[3‐2H, 15N]‐tyrosine
Authors: Barnett Derek W. , Refaei Maryanne S. , Curley Robert W.
Published: December 2012

Chirally deuterated benzyl chlorides were prepared using novel, general hexachloroacetone/polymer‐supported triphenylphosphine treatment of chirally deuterated benzyl alcohols. Doubly labeled protected tyrosine was obtained in 62% yield with 86% de at the α‐carbon and 82% de at the β‐carbon. Key in the synthesis was the alkylation of 15N‐labeled (−)‐8‐phenylmenthylhippurate with R‐(−)‐4‐triisopropylsilyloxybenzyl‐α‐d chloride.
Going beyond self–other rating comparison to measure leader self‐awareness
Authors: Taylor Scott N. , Wang Mo , Zhan Yujie
Published: December 2012

Data were collected from leaders who rated their interpersonal competencies, were rated by their direct reports on the same competencies, and then were asked to predict as accurately as possible how their direct reports rated them. Leader self‐awareness was examined by analyzing self–other ratings and prediction–other ratings with a supervisor‐rated measure of leader effectiveness. Results showed that prediction–other ratings explained a greater percentage of the variance in leader effectiveness than did self–other ratings. These results suggest that prediction–other rating comparison may be a viable additional way to measure self‐awareness in organizational settings and may avoid some of the disadvantages when only using self‐ratings or self–other ratings.
A phenomenological study of corporate social responsibility in the Niger delta, Nigeria
Authors: Ogula David , Rose Jonathan , Abii Francesca E.
Published: December 2012

Over the past half‐century, organization‐centric approaches to corporate social responsibility (CSR) dominated management practice. Though scholars and practitioners have embraced integrative CSR models, there are insufficient data about rural community constructs of corporate social behavior. Drawing largely from primary research conducted in the Niger Delta region, this article explores the meanings communities ascribe to corporate social responsibility. Through open‐ended interviews, this article examines the subtle underlying meanings of the narratives provided by the indigenes to identify clues potentially useful for developing effective CSR programs in the Niger Delta. The findings show that the Niger Delta people frame their views about CSR through the experience of poverty, loss of the traditional economy, erosion of traditional values, and degradation of the environment. Thus, CSR is associated with the restoration of control over land, alleviation of poverty, and community development.
The influence of structural aspects of a leadership scenario on individual mental evaluation processes
Authors: Seiler Stefan , Pfister Andres
Published: December 2012

There is little emphasis in leadership research on the relationship between structural aspects of a scenario and individual mental processes leading to certain leadership behavior. The authors present results from two empirical studies analyzing the influence of structural variables such as time pressure, danger, and formalization on internal mental processes evaluating the perceived impact of factors influencing leadership behavior. Results from both studies indicated that the effects of structural differences in a scenario (high or low time pressure, danger, and formalization) lead to systematically different evaluations of the perceived impact of important factors influencing leadership behavior. These findings underline the relevant influence of structural aspects of a leadership scenario on internal mental processes and shed light into the black box between the cause‐and‐effect relationship of structural aspects leaders are exposed to and their behavior.
A relational perspective to knowledge creation: Role of servant leadership
Authors: Rai Rishabh , Prakash Anand
Published: December 2012

Knowledge creation is a dynamic activity where new ideas and meanings are created through coaction and interactive relationships. However, due to overemphasis on competitive spirit and individualistic orientation, knowledge organizations ignore the significance of people and relationships. Extending a relational perspective, this article proposes a model of servant leadership for facilitating knowledge creation through sharing leadership responsibilities with followers resulting in mutual influence and direction, and inculcating caring relationships. It ensures greater exchange of ideas, experiences, and expertise between servant leaders and followers that result in the generation of new knowledge. By constructing this model we have explained various processes with several propositions showing relationships between servant leadership and shared leadership, shared leadership and knowledge creation, servant leadership and caring relationships, and caring relationships and knowledge creation.
Preparing the professoriate to prepare globally competent leaders
Authors: Blaess Donna A. , Hollywood Kathryn G. , Grant Cynthia
Published: December 2012

Rapidly increasing globalization, the expanding use of technology, and intercultural competency have been discussed in the leadership literature for more than three decades. Simultaneously, the urgency to academically prepare globally competent organizational leaders has acclerated exponentially. Recommendations for global leadership competencies have been developed and undoubtedly have provided useful guidance in academic program and curricula development. In contrast, the preparedness of the leadership professoriate to prepare globally competent leaders has received little attention through research or discourse. The ongoing professional development of the leadership professoriate in terms of a global mindset and intercultural competencies are questioned and discussed. Recommendations are made for institutional and programmatic initiatives to increase the global learning and capital of faculty. Questions and recommendations are offered for personal and collective reflection and critical discourse on the need to expand and develop the international currency of faculty so that we can ensure the professoriate is prepared to educate students to be global leaders.
Global critical leadership: Educating global leaders with critical leadership competencies
Authors: Jenkins Daniel
Published: December 2012

Global critical leadership competency means espousing critical thinking skills in all aspects of leadership decision making in the global context. This paper reviews the actions of critical thinking, argues that global leaders too must lead critically, and draws attention to the deficiency of critical thinking curricula in higher education and subsequent lack of recent graduates with critical thinking competencies. Leading critically is defined as applying critical thinking skills to decisions about leadership actions in different situations and is a challenge for leaders, followers, and educators. Nevertheless, global leaders, stakeholders, and educators in global leadership programs must embrace this challenge in order to make informed decisions in global contexts.
Facilitating the development of a global mindset through a cultural experience
Authors: Smith Deborah Nelson
Published: December 2012

The current article describes an assignment utilized in an undergraduate course “Leadership in a Global Society.” The assignment requires students to participate in a cultural experience and interview the leader of the event. Student feedback collected over several semesters indicates that the assignment was invaluable in helping students understand people from cultures different than the ones with which they normally identify. Furthermore, students reported gaining a better understanding of themselves and a willingness to seek out other cultural learning opportunities.
Description and scaling of pectoral muscles in ictalurid catfishes
Authors: Miano Joseph Paul , Loesser‐Casey Kathryn E. , Fine Michael L.
Published: December 2012

The pectoral spine of catfishes is an antipredator adaptation that can be bound, locked, and rubbed against the cleithrum to produce stridulation sounds. We describe muscle morphology of the pectoral spines and rays in six species in four genera of North American ictalurid catfishes. Since homologies of catfish pectoral muscles have not been universally accepted, we designate them functionally as the spine abductor and adductor and the arrector dorsalis and ventralis. The four muscles of the remaining pectoral rays are the superficial and deep (profundal) abductors and adductors. The large spine abductor and spine adductor are responsible for large amplitude movements, and the smaller arrector dorsalis and arrector ventralis have more specialized functions, that is, spine elevation and depression, respectively, although they also contribute to spine abduction. Three of the four spine muscles were pennate (the abductor and two arrectors), the spine adductor can be pennate or parallel, and ray muscles have parallel fibers. Insertions of pectoral muscles are similar across species, but there is a shift of origins in some muscles, particularly of the superficial abductor of the pectoral rays, which assumes a midline position in Ictalurus and increasingly more lateral placement in Ameiurus (one quarter way out from the midline), and Pylodictis and Noturus (half way out). Coincident with this lateral shift, the attachments of the hypaxial muscle to the ventral girdle become more robust. Comparison with its sister group supports the midline position as basal and lateral migration as derived. The muscles of the pectoral spine are heavier than muscles of the remaining rays in all species but the flathead, supporting the importance of specialized spine functions above typical movement. Further, spine muscles were larger than ray muscles in all species but the flathead catfish, which lives in water with the fastest currents. J. Morphol., 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On the unique isotropic aragonitic tube microstructure of some serpulids (Polychaeta, Annelida)
Authors: Vinn Olev
Published: December 2012

A Scanning electron microscopy study of peculiar serpulid tube microstructures was carried out to determine whether this structure is unique to serpulids and to understand its formation and evolution. The isotropic aragonitic tube microstructure of some serpulids, termed spherulitic irregularly oriented prismatic structure (SIOP), is unknown in other animal skeletons. After nucleation, initial spherulitic prismatic aragonite crystals presumably grow in length and width at one end, collide with the surrounding growing crystal fans, and then continue intertwined growth until the secreted carbonate‐charged mucus is completely crystallized. Spherulitic irregularly oriented prismati structure presumably evolved either from the IOP or homogeneous rounded crystal microstructures. J. Morphol., 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hepatitis C virus load and expression of a unique subset of cellular genes in circulating lymphoid cells differentiate non‐responders from responders to pegylated interferon alpha–ribavirin treatment
Authors: Pham Tram N.Q. , Lin Dolly M.H. , Mulrooney‐Cousins Patricia M. , Churchill Norma D. , Kowala‐Piaskowska Arleta , Mozer‐Lisewska Iwona , Machaj Anna , Pazgan‐Simon Monika , Zalewska Malgorzata , Simon Krzysztof , King Dawn , Reddy S. Bharati , Michalak Tomasz I.
Published: December 2012

Based on investigations of liver biopsy material, certain cellular genes have been implicated as correlates of success or failure to interferon alpha–ribavirin (IFN/RBV) therapy against hepatitis C. The current study aimed at determining whether expression of host genes thought to be relevant to HCV replication in the liver would be correlated with HCV infection status in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and also with patient responsiveness to IFN/RBV treatment. Therefore, PBMCs from patients with chronic hepatitis C responding (n = 35) or not (n = 49) to IFN/RBV and from healthy controls (n = 15) were evaluated for HCV RNA load and cellular gene expression. Non‐responders had 3‐ to 10‐fold higher basal levels of interleukin (IL)‐8, IFN‐stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), 2′,5′‐oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS), and Toll‐like receptors (TLR)‐4, ‐5, and ‐7 compared to responders. Non‐responders with similar post‐treatment follow‐ups as responders persistently expressed 6‐ to 20‐fold greater levels of IL‐8, ISG15, and OAS after therapy. Higher expression of IFN‐α, IFN‐γ, and IFN‐λ was found in PBMCs of individuals achieving sustained virological response, either before or after therapy. Pre‐treatment HCV RNA loads in PBMCs of non‐responders were significantly higher (P = 0.016) than those of responders. In conclusion, the data indicate that immune cells of responders and non‐responders to IFN/RBV therapy exhibited significantly different virological and host gene expression profiles. Elevated baseline HCV loads and TLR‐4, ‐5, and ‐7 levels, and persistently high levels of IL‐8, ISG15, and OAS were correlated with IFN non‐responsiveness. The results warrant further investigations on the utilization of PBMCs for predicting success or failure to IFN‐based therapies. J. Med. Virol. 85:441–448, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
First report of human rotavirus G8P[4] gastroenteritis in India: Evidence of ruminants‐to‐human zoonotic transmission
Authors: Mukherjee Anupam , Mullick Satarupa , Deb Alok Kumar , Panda Samiran , Chawla‐Sarkar Mamta
Published: December 2012

Group A rotaviruses are the major cause of childhood gastroenteritis worldwide. Due to close proximity of human and cattle in rural areas of developing countries like India, interspecies transmission or zoonotic transmission is a major source of rapid generation of reassortants and genetic or antigenic variants. Previously, many human group A rotaviruses were found with porcine or bovine characteristics from eastern and north‐eastern India. In this study, four unusual human G8P[4] strains were identified which had artiodactyl‐like origins. During an ongoing community based surveillance for epidemiological profiling of diarrheal pathogens, these unusual human group A rotavirus G8P[4] strains were detected from the stool samples of 3–14 months old children with acute diarrhea in Sonarpur, eastern India. Analysis of eleven complete and/or partial gene segments of these unusual G8P[4] strains were done by reverse transcription‐PCR (RT‐PCR) followed by nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The VP7 nucleotide sequences revealed a close phylogenetic relationship to the G8P[7] porcine strain D‐1 and bovine strain KJ59‐2 from South Korea. Whereas the VP4 gene segments were also related closely to human rotavirus prototype strain DS‐1. Other nine gene segments of these G8P[4] rotaviruses were related closely to either animal or animal‐derived rotavirus members of the DS‐1‐like family. These results suggest that origin of these G8P[4] strains might have been resulted from multiple reassortment events between artiodactyls and ruminant‐derived reassortant human rotaviruses. To date, this is the first report of G8P[4] rotavirus from India and the first genomic analysis of G8P[4] strains from Asian continent. J. Med. Virol. 85:537–545, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Capitalizing on proactivity for informal mentoring received during early career: The moderating role of core self‐evaluations
Authors: Liang Jian , Gong Yaping
Published: December 2012

This paper examines the role of proactive personality in the receipt of informal mentoring received (i.e., psychosocial and career‐related mentoring) among a sample of 174 early career employees in China. The regression results indicated that networking behavior mediated the relationship between proactive personality and career‐related mentoring, whereas voice behavior mediated the relationship between proactive personality and psychosocial mentoring. Furthermore, core self‐evaluations moderated the aforementioned two indirect relationships such that they were stronger at higher levels of core self‐evaluations. Our analyses also showed that the moderating effects occurred at the first stage of the indirect relationships. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Creating a culture of performance excellence at Henry Ford Health System
Authors: Hawkins Susan S. , Glenn Rose , Oswald Kathy , Conway William A.
Published: December 2012

Henry Ford Health System (HFHS) of Detroit, Michigan, has earned industry‐wide recognition by engaging its leaders to align the organization's strategic objectives with Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award criteria and craft a comprehensive program to integrate performance to drive sustainable growth. One of the largest health care systems in the United States, HFHS developed a performance management approach that backed up standards of excellence with comprehensive training and development, established a performance improvement framework that emphasized analysis and review, integrated its communications systems with a renewed focus on innovation, and fine‐tuned its performance strategy to stoke agility throughout the organization. Results included a reduction in in‐patient mortality, innovations in health care best practice, enhanced employee engagement patient satisfaction, savings of almost $10 million over four years in relation to harm‐reduction efforts, and five national performance awards, including the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award in 2011. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ten best practices for restructuring the organization
Authors: Recardo Ronald J. , Heather Kleigh
Published: December 2012

Business leaders who have been involved in any aspect of a restructuring understand the difficulty of crafting a successful solution. Experience gleaned from more than 50 successful restructuring projects and interviews with corporate executives point to 10 best practices that organizational leaders can use to accelerate the restructuring process and ensure that it meets its objectives: start with executive sponsorship; tie strategy to design; use a structured approach; keep business process work simple; collect data and use it; consider the various options; be aware of trade‐offs; keep the focus on people; avoid declaring victory prematurely; and get an early handle on the IT systems. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spotlight on an emerging market: Assessing the footwear and apparel industries in Vietnam
Authors: Buchanan F. Robert , Anwar Syed Tariq , Tran Thien Xuan
Published: December 2012

Multinational corporations and foreign direct investment have played a key role in Vietnam's transformation into a high‐potential, full‐scale manufacturing emerging market. Yet, there are few US companies operating in Vietnam, even though trade relations between the two nations have been normalized since 1995 and English is now the second language of choice in Vietnamese business circles. To date, neither Vietnam's status as an emerging market nor the growing sophistication of its businesses and consumers have been well investigated. Recent research and interviews with Vietnamese executives reveal that Vietnamese factories and value chains have undergone substantial transformation since their turbulent early days, and the nation's low‐cost labor pool makes it a desirable manufacturing location for the footwear and apparel industries. The challenge for such an emerging market is to leverage its current competitive advantage into a sustainable development model. To that end, businesses, policymakers, and government will need to deploy a long‐term strategy that will bring the domestic infrastructure and education to the next level. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Meeting the global imperative of local leadership talent development in Hong Kong, Singapore, and India
Authors: Dunnagan Kelly , Maragakis Mireille , Schneiderjohn Nicole , Turner Cameron , Vance Charles M.
Published: December 2012

As companies continue to expand abroad, there remains a paramount challenge of ensuring strategic control to meet company standards and goals and to coordinate global operations. Traditionally, such control has been maintained by sending tried and true managers from company headquarters as expatriates to head up foreign operations. But in the face of this costly traditional approach for leadership staffing in foreign operations, there is increased awareness among multinational firms that their potential leadership talent is not restricted by their headquarters' national boundaries. MNCs are increasingly looking to their employees worldwide as a viable source of future talent for leadership staffing throughout their global operations. The results of field interviews with local leaders of American firm subsidiaries located in Singapore, India, and Hong Kong revealed four key local leadership development approaches: reinforcing a company culture of leadership development, identifying and codifying leadership talent, enhancing high potentials' visibility, and developing pervasive mentoring relationships. The cases examined here show that talent identification and development are essential elements of an effective long‐term talent management strategy that should be ingrained within a company's deep cultural values and priorities, as well as reinforced by performance evaluation and reward systems. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Expanding the perspective on global business
Authors: Chibba Michael
Published: December 2012

Over the last two decades, the nature and practice of global business have radically changed, necessitating a new business model for achieving organizational excellence. To keep abreast of worldwide developments and stay ahead of the competition, enterprise leaders must take an expanded view of global business built on six cornerstones: the union of mission, policy, and strategy; attention to culture; a combination of technology, innovation, and creativity; the development of human capital; motivational leadership; and consideration of the overarching business environment. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
pH‐dependent surface‐enhanced Raman scattering of aromatic molecules on graphene oxide
Authors: Liu Zhiming , Li Shaoxin , Hu Chaofan , Zhang Wen , Zhong Huiqing , Guo Zhouyi
Published: December 2012

Graphene has become an ideal substrate for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to study the chemical enhancement mechanism. In comparison with mechanically exfoliated graphene, graphene oxide (GO) has been found to be a better substrate due to its highly negatively charged oxygen functional groups. In this work, the pH‐dependent SERS effect of aromatic molecules on GO are investigated. The results demonstrate that the Raman enhancement of dyes deposited on GO performs differently over a wide range of pH values (2 to 10). Adsorption experiments show that the pH‐dependent SERS effect is closely related to the adsorption of aromatic molecules on GO, which is dominated by the electrostatic interaction. Thus, the influence of pH in GO‐mediated SERS should be carefully considered, especially in its biomedical application. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Colour diversification in octocorals based on conjugated polyenes: A Raman spectroscopic view
Authors: Maia Lenize F. , de Oliveira Vanessa E. , Oliveira Maria E. R. , Reis Felipe D. , Fleury Beatriz G. , Edwards Howell G. M. , de Oliveira Luiz F. C.
Published: December 2012

Polyenic pigments in octocorals have been investigated by Raman spectroscopy using laser excitation at 532, 785 and 1064 nm. The spectral features suggest the structural nature of carotenoids from Phyllogorgia dilatata, Leptogorgia punicea, Muricea atlantica, Carijoa riisei and conjugated polyenals from L. punicea, L. setacea, Muricea flamma and Renilla muelleri. The observed vibrational bands at ca. 1540–1520 ν1(C=C), 1159 ν2(C–C) and 1005 cm−1 ρ3(C–CH3) were assigned to carotenoids, whereas the identification of non‐methylated conjugated polyenals have been proposed due to two major Raman bands at ca. 1500 and 1120 cm‐1, assigned to ν(C=C) and ν(C–C), respectively. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spectroscopic characterization of cadion: UV–vis, resonance Raman and DFT calculations of a versatile metal complexing agent
Authors: Lepre Luiz F. , Inoue Fabiana , Corio Paola , Santos Paulo S. , Ando Rômulo A.
Published: December 2012

The spectroscopic characterization of cadion or 1‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐3‐(4‐phenylazophenyl)triazene, its anionic species and its complexes with Hg2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ in DMSO solution is presented. Resonance Raman (RR) and UV–vis spectroscopy were the techniques of choice with results supported by density functional theory calculations. As previously reported, the UV–vis data indicate distinct absorption spectra for the five species mentioned, allowing for spectrophotometric metal differentiation. In order to understand the electronic spectra of such species, we performed a detailed RR investigation, where the spectral profiles revealed the vibrational modes mainly involved in the chromophoric moieties. The distinct enhancement profile observed for each species suggests that the charge transfer from the π‐system to the electron withdrawing NO2 group is modulated by the electron donating triazene moiety, depending on the metal attached. The results reported herein show that RR spectroscopy can be potentially used in the metal detection of multicomponent samples by the proper choice of the excitation wavelength. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Separation followed by direct SERS detection of explosives on a novel black silicon multifunctional nanostructured surface prepared in a microfluidic channel
Authors: Talian Ivan , Huebner Jörg
Published: December 2012

The article describes the multifunctionality of a novel black silicon (BS) nanostructured surface covered with a thin layer of noble metal prepared in the a microfluidic channel. It is focused on the separation properties of the BS substrate with direct detection of the separated analytes utilizing surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The same BS substrate is providing the stationary phase and a surface enhancement of the Raman signal that has been measured previously to be around 10. As tested molecules, the common components of explosives 1,3 dinitrobenzene and 2,4 dinitrotoluene were used. The separation of selected molecules was achieved with the dried toluene as a mobile phase in a 25 micrometers deep, 5 mm wide, and 4 cm long microfluidic channel during the 2 min. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Different Counterions of the Manganese Salt as Catalyst on the Kinetics of Resorcinol‐Based Belousov–Zhabotinsky Reaction
Authors: Ganaie Nadeem B. , Peerzada Ghulam M. , Shah Ishfaq A.
Published: December 2012

Kinetic studies on the Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) system with various metal ions as catalysts have been carried out for a long time, but the effect of counteranions associated with the metal ion solution used as the catalyst in the BZ reaction has not been explored. Thus, we have chosen some metal salts as catalysts having the metal ion (Mnn+) but with various anions to study the role of different anionic moieties of catalyst on the oscillatory behavior of the resorcinol‐based BZ reaction system. It is found that organic‐type anionic moieties marginalize the role of organic substrates in the reaction system. On the other hand, the inorganic counterions of the catalyst show salting out effects, thereby increasing the ionic strength, which affects the mobility (diffusion) of the ions in our system performed under batch conditions.
Diode laser based light sources for biomedical applications
Authors: Müller André , Marschall Sebastian , Jensen Ole Bjarlin , Fricke Jörg , Wenzel Hans , Sumpf Bernd , Andersen Peter E.
Published: December 2012

Diode lasers are by far the most efficient lasers currently available. With the ever‐continuing improvement in diode laser technology, this type of laser has become increasingly attractive for a wide range of biomedical applications. Compared to the characteristics of competing laser systems, diode lasers simultaneously offer tunability, high‐power emission and compact size at fairly low cost. Therefore, diode lasers are increasingly preferred in important applications, such as photocoagulation, optical coherence tomography, diffuse optical imaging, fluorescence lifetime imaging, and terahertz imaging. This review provides an overview of the latest development of diode laser technology and systems and their use within selected biomedical applications.

670 nm external cavity diode laser for Raman spectroscopy built on a 13 × 4 mm2 microbench (Copyright FBH/Schurian.com).
On the Formation and Electropolymerization of a Star Copolymer With Peripheral Carbazoles
Authors: Cao Peng‐Fei , Felipe Mary Jane , Advincula Rigoberto C.
Published: December 2012

Utilizing a hyperbranched cored ring‐opening polymerization of caprolactone, carbazole peripheral groups are extended to afford electropolymerizable star‐like copolymers. Different arm lengths are obtained on the basis of different degrees of polymerization from the polyethyleneimine core. This is confirmed by NMR and Fourier transform IR (FTIR) spectroscopy, size‐exclusion chromatography (SEC), and quantitative spectral characterization. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging shows two distinct particle aggregation characteristics, before and after functionalization with carbazole groups. Cyclic voltammetry verifies the electrochemical cross‐linking properties. The results indicate that the conformational freedom of the electroactive peripheral functional groups can be controlled. Moreover, an interesting “loop effect” together with solid‐state polymerization is observed.
International Expansion, Diversification and Regulated Firm Nonmarket Strategy
Authors: Urbiztondo Santiago , Bonardi Jean‐Philippe , Quélin Bertrand V.
Published: December 2012

Previous studies have shown that regulated firms diversify for reasons that are different than for unregulated firms. We explore some of these differences by providing a theoretical model that starts by considering the firm–regulator relationship as an incomplete information issue, in which a regulated incumbent has knowledge that the regulator does not have, but the firm cannot convey hard information about this knowledge. The incumbent faces both market and nonmarket competition from a new entrant. In that context, we show that when the firm faces tough nonmarket competition domestically, going abroad can create a mechanism that makes information transmission to the regulator more credible. International expansion can thus be a way to solve domestic nonmarket issues in addition to being a catalyst for growth. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Printed parallelogram monopole antenna with symmetrical parasitic elements for wideband applications
Authors: Pan Chien‐Yuan , Chiu Kuo‐Yung , Jan Jen‐Yea , Chen Hua‐Ming
Published: December 2012

A printed microstripline‐fed parallelogram monopole antenna for wideband applications is presented.This antenna is composed of a parallelogram monopole, a ground plane with three symmetrical parasitic elements, and a 50‐Ω microstrip feedline. By using short‐circuited parasitic elements including a symmetrical parallelogram patch and a pairs of strip lines, the proposed antenna can excite extra resonate modes to achieve wideband operation. The measured results show that the proposed antenna offers a large impedance bandwidth for 10‐dB return loss is 4.74 GHz (1.82–6.56 GHz), corresponds to fractional bandwidth of 113% for central frequency at 4.19 GHz, and can cover the personal communication services, IMT‐2000, 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz wireless local area network, and 2.5/3.5/5.5 GHz worldwide interoperability for microwave access standards. In addition, measured radiation patterns exhibit reasonable radiation characteristics. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:388–391, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27278
High‐isolation 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN MIMO antenna array for laptop computer application
Authors: Wong Kin‐Lu , Jiang Huan‐Jynu , Kao Yeh‐Chun
Published: December 2012

An isolation technique for two small‐size triband wireless wide area network (WLAN) multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) laptop computer antennas covering the 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz bands is presented. The proposed WLAN MIMO antennas have measured isolation of better than −21 dB in the 2.4 GHz band and −32 dB in the 5.2/5.8 GHz bands in this study. In addition to enhanced isolation achieved, good antenna efficiencies of better than about 70 and 90%, respectively, in the 2.4 GHz and 5.2/5.8 GHz bands are obtained for the two antennas. The WLAN MIMO antenna array having a planar structure of size 9 × 55 mm2 is to be mounted at the top edge of the supporting metal plate of the laptop display. The two antennas can be fabricated at low cost on a thin FR4 substrate and are of a simple structure comprising a driven strip and a shorted strip, which provides two wide operating bands to cover the 2.4 and 5.2/5.8 GHz bands. Between the two antennas, there is an isolation element formed by a protruded ground plane and a spiral open slot embedded therein. The isolation element leads to enhanced isolation between the antennas in the 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN bands and good antenna efficiencies for the antennas as well. Details of the isolation technique for the WLAN MIMO antennas are described, and the obtained results are presented and discussed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:382–387, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27279
Frequency reconfigurable compact spiral loaded planar dipole antenna
Authors: Sharma Satish K. , Thyagarajan Mukund R. , Kulkarni Anup N. , Shanmugam B.
Published: December 2012

A compact spiral loaded planar dipole (SLPD) antenna is designed and compared with that of a planar dipole designed at the same frequency of 760 MHz to observe the compactness achieved by spiraling the dipoles ends.This compact SLPD antenna is further investigated for frequency reconfiguration using PIN diodes as switches which provides frequency reconfiguration for 760 MHz, 1.47 GHz, and 2.2 GHz with near omnidirectional radiation patterns. Prototype antennas were fabricated and experimental verifications were performed which shows reasonable agreement with the simulations. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:313–316, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27282
S + C + L Band tunable wavelength conversion using FWM dual‐wavelength fiber laser in a highly nonlinear fiber
Authors: Awang Noor Azura , Latif Amirah Abdul , Zulkifli M. Z. , Ghani Zawajer A. , Harun Sulaiman Wadi , Ahmad Harith
Published: December 2012

In this article, a novel wideband wavelength conversion is demonstrated using a highly nonlinear fiber consisting of a fluorine‐doped fiber that has a high delta core and surrounded by a deeply depressed ring as opposed to the use of photonic crystal fibers.The wavelength conversion range is from 1460 to 1640 nm, which covers the S‐, C‐ and L‐bands of the optical network. The interacting waves consist of an arrayed waveguide grating tuned dual‐wavelength fiber laser output together with a tunable laser source signal. A four‐wave‐mixing conversion of efficiency of −20 dB is achieved within a 70 nm tuning range within a 3.9 dB fluctuation. An optical signal to noise ratio of 30 dB is also realized within the same tuning range. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:379–382, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27284
Design of near omnidirectional UHF RFID tag with one‐off seal function for liquid bottles
Authors: Kim YoungDo
Published: December 2012

In this article, a one‐off seal function radio frequency identification (RFID) tag antenna with an omnidirectional radiation pattern when mounted on a liquid bottle is presented. The RFID tag antenna was pasted into the plastic open cap surface or inserted the clamping inner ring for further enhanced the quality of the liquid bottle seal function. Also, to using the RFID tag antenna for the different bottle neck radius, the radiation pattern and rectangular feeding loop was tilted to horizontal reference plane. The measured results show that these RFID tag antennas have good performance when attached onto the liquid bottle surfaces. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:375–379, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27285
A rotated elliptical slot antenna with ultra‐wide bandwidth
Authors: Lao Jia , Jin Ronghong , Geng Junping
Published: December 2012

A novel ultra‐wideband elliptical slot antenna is proposed.An elliptical slot is rotated by 45° and excited by a circular patch. Tapered microstrip feeding is used for impedance matching. The structure has multiresonance feature over a wide frequency range, where the simulated bandwidth ratio exceeds 20:1. Due to the limitation of the SMA connector, the experiment on the prototype antenna demonstrated an impedance bandwidth (voltage standing wave ratio < 2) of 165%, or 2.54–26.6 GHZ, 10.5:1. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:308–310, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27288
Shifted SSOR preconditioning technique for improved electric field integral equations
Authors: Chen Jiaqi , Liu Zhiwei , Cao Ning , Yong Bin
Published: December 2012

Recently, the improved electric field integral equation (IEFIE) is proposed to efficiently solve large dense complex linear system arising from three‐dimensional electromagnetic scattering problems. In this article, the shifted symmetric successive over‐relaxation preconditioner is constructed which combines the near‐field matrix of the EFIE and the principle value term of the magnetic field integral equation. The present method can achieve stably faster convergence of iterations than IEFIE with low cost for construction and implementation. Numerical results demonstrate the efficiency and validity of the present method. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:304–308, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27289
Effect of loop diameter on the performance of MKR‐based dual‐wavelength erbium‐doped fiber laser
Authors: Sulaiman Azlan , Harun Sulaiman Wadi , Norizan S. F. , Dimyati K. , Ahmad H.
Published: December 2012

A dual‐wavelength Erbium‐doped fiber laser (EDFL) is demonstrated using a 1.5‐m long EDF with a microfiber knot resonator (MKR) structure at the output end. The MKR is fabricated by heating and stretching a 3‐cm long piece of EDF to form a microfiber, which is then manipulated to create a knot. The performance of the EDFL is investigated for two different MKR loop diameters. At a loop diameter of 4 mm, dual‐wavelength laser is obtained at 1532.4 and 1556.0 nm with peak powers of −7.5 and −7.1 dBm and the corresponding optical signal‐to‐noise ratios of 22 and 32 dB, respectively. As the MKR diameter is reduced to 2 mm, the operating wavelength of laser shifts to a shorter wavelength, especially for the second lasing with a significant drop in output power due to the bending loss, which is more pronounced at smaller loop diameter. The slope efficiency of the EDFL drops from 0.55 to 0.09% as the MKR diameter decreases from 4 to 2 mm. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:236–238, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27292
Linearization of power amplifiers by second harmonics and fourth‐order nonlinear signals
Authors: Atanaskovic A. , Males‐Ilic N. , Milovanovic B.
Published: December 2012

In this article, a single‐stage power amplifier and two‐way Doherty amplifier are linearized by the technique that uses second harmonics and fourth‐order nonlinear signals. Measurements of the linearization effects on the third‐ and fifth‐order intermodulation products have been carried out. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:425–430, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27294
A compact three port power divider with tunable power ratio
Authors: Sahyoun Walaa , Jrad Akil , Duchamp Jean Marc , El‐Helwani Amer , Ferrari Philippe
Published: December 2012

This article presents a novel method for the design of tunable and miniaturized power dividers.It is based on three impedance transformers and requires a single bias voltage command, instead of three commands needed for more classical designs. This single voltage simplifies the power divider in terms of design and use. For a proof‐of‐concept, a power divider with a 950 MHz working frequency has been designed, with two output varactors tuning the power repartition through the two output ports. Thanks to the developed approach, the miniaturization ratio between our power divider and the Wilkinson one is equal to 75.5% at 950 MHz. Measurements show a wide tunable power ratio between the two output ports (1:3.4), a very good matching in the pass band (return loss better than 16 dB), low insertion loss (0.6 dB), and a tunable bandwidth of ±15%. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:357–363, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27297