bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case study of bearing capacity failure in a 4-story reinforced concrete building
Authors: Fathi M Layas  , Vail Karakale  , Fatma Hachem
Published: October 2024

This case history analyzes the bearing capacity failure of a 4-story reinforced concrete building in Benghazi, Libya, constructed in Fall 2000. The building has a plan area of 65 m² and is supported by an 80 cm thick raft foundation resting on collapsible sandy loess, which can lose shear strength when wet. Several months before the building's failure, nearby construction work caused a broken pipeline, leading to significant water leakage. This moisture infiltrated the soil under the foundation, reducing its bearing capacity, particularly on the northern side. In winter 2002, the building began to tilt northward due to this reduced capacity, although inspections revealed no structural cracks, attributed to the rigidity of the raft foundation and reinforced concrete shear walls. The paper discusses the geotechnical properties of the supporting soil and uses finite element analysis to show that the bearing pressures exceeded allowable limits under wet conditions, emphasizing the importance of moisture content in assessing soil stability. This case highlights the complexities of foundation design and the critical impact of environmental factors on soil behavior, advocating for thorough geotechnical assessments and ongoing monitoring of conditions around structural foundations.
Pediatric restrictive Cardiomyopathy presenting with congestive heart failure: Rare case report and literature review
Authors: Akhil Mehrotra  , Mohammad Shaban  , Faiz Illahi Siddiqui  , Naveen Chandra
Published: October 2024

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is an uncommon form of cardiomyopathy and is characterized by impaired diastolic filling of the ventricles due to increased myocardial stiffness and a normal ventricular systolic functions. In India, RCM is frequently observed in the young and endemic endomyocardial diseases are seen in a significant number of cases. RCM is the least common of all the cardiomyopathies among pediatric patients. RCM has a poor prognosis and commonly requires a cardiac transplant. We are reporting here a case of seven-year-old female child presenting with recurrent chest infections and congestive heart failure since early childhood.
COMPARISON OF NAÏVE BAYES AND K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR MODELS FOR IDENTIFYING THE HIGHEST PREVALENCE OF STUNTING CASES IN EAST JAVA
Authors: Herlambang Teguh , Asy'ari Vaizal , Rahayu Ragil Puji , Firdaus Aji Akbar , Juniarta Nyoman
Published: October 2024

Indonesia will experience a demographic bonus in 2030, where the productive age group will dominate the population and become a buffer for the economy. However, this potential is in vain if human resources experience stunting. According to WHO (2015), stunting is a disorder of child growth and development due to chronic malnutrition and repeated infections, characterized by below-standard length or height. Based on the background of the problem, the author wants to compare the prediction of the prevalence of the highest stunting cases in East Java using the Naive Bayes method and the K-Nearest Neighbor method. The stages carried out in this study are data collection, initial data processing, advanced data processing using the Naïve Bayes Method and K-Nearest Neighbor, and comparative analysis. The results of the implementation of the Naïve Bayes and K-Nearest Neighbor methods are in the form of stunting prevalence prediction charts with variables that affect LBW and TTD. The results of simulations conducted in 6 regions, the Naive Bayes method gets the highest accuracy value of 83.33% in simulation one and 66.67%. The smallest RMSE value is 0.382 simulation 1 and 0.469 simulation 2. This shows that the Naive Bayes method can predict well.
IMPLEMENTATION OF K-MEANS AND FUZZY C-MEANS CLUSTERING FOR MAPPING TODDLER STUNTING CASES IN GUNUNGKIDUL DISTRICT
Authors: Mahardika Bintang Wira , Abadi Agus Maman
Published: October 2024

Gunungkidul Regency has the highest prevalence of stunted toddlers in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. This study aims to describe the optimal clustering results of toddler stunting cases using the k-means and fuzzy c-means methods and to describe the characteristic of the mapping results of stunting-prone areas for toddlers in Gunungkidul Regency for the years 2020 – 2022. This study maps stunting-prone areas for toddlers across 30 community health centers in Gunungkidul Regency from 2020 to 2022, with variables including the percentage of babies with low birth weight, babies born stunted, babies receiving health services, stunted toddlers, toddlers receiving health services, babies given exclusive breastfeeding, poor couples of reproductive ages, and families with adequate drinking water. The k-means clustering method determines cluster membership using the distance between objects and centroids, while the fuzzy c-means method uses the degree of membership. Cluster evaluation uses the silhouette coefficient, Calinski-Harabasz index, Davies-Bouldin index, and Dunn index to obtain optimal clustering results. The mapping results are presented as a stunting vulnerability map. The findings indicate that the optimal number of clusters is two, with the fuzzy c-means method proving more optimal than the k-means method based on evaluation scores. In 2020, there were 23 community health centers in cluster 0 and 7 in cluster 1. In 2021, there were 21 community health centers in cluster 0 and 9 in cluster 1. In 2022, there were 18 community health centers in cluster 0 and 12 in cluster 1. Generally, community health centers in cluster 0 are less optimal in specific nutrition interventions, such as for infants and toddlers. In contrast, those in cluster 1 are less optimal in sensitive nutrition interventions, such as poverty and water adequacy.
S-BOX CONSTRUCTION IN THE ADVANCED ENCRYPTION STANDARD (AES) DEVELOPMENT ALGORITHM IN GF(2^2), GF(2^4) & GF(2^6)
Authors: Setiawan Adi , Tita Faldy , Susanto Bambang
Published: October 2024

This research aims to obtain a method for constructing S-boxes based on GF(22), GF(24) and GF(26). A review of the Galois Field GF(2m) is presented for m=1,2,3,4,5 and 6. Furthermore, it is used to construct an S-box based on GF(22), GF(24) and GF(26). Based on these results, later it can be developed for S-box construction in the AES algorithm which uses the Galois Field GF(2m) for m>=10.
SACR EPIDEMIC MODEL FOR THE SPREAD OF HEPATITIS B DISEASE BY CONSIDERING VERTICAL TRANSMISSION
Authors: Yulida Yuni , Wiranto Agung Setyo , Faisal Faisal , Karim Muhammad Ahsar , Soesanto Oni
Published: October 2024

Hepatitis B is an infectious disease that causes inflammation of the liver due to infection with the Hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B is divided into two phases: the acute phase and the chronic phase. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be prevented through vaccination and treatment of susceptible and infected individuals. The spread of the virus can be modeled using mathematical modeling of epidemics. In this study, the model used consists of four classes, namely vulnerable individuals (S), acute individuals (A), chronic individuals (C), and recovered individuals (R). The purpose of this study is to explain the formation of the Hepatitis B disease epidemic model, analyze the stability of the model, perform simulations, and conduct parameter sensitivity analysis on the basic reproductive number. The result of this study is the construction of an epidemic model of the spread of hepatitis B disease in the form of a SACR model. This model takes into account the transmission that occurs not only through interactions between susceptible individuals and chronic individuals but also through the birth process, which occurs in chronic subpopulations because babies born can be chronically infected (vertical transmission from mother to baby). The model produces two equilibrium points, the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium. Both points were analyzed for stability using the linearization method and were found to be asymptotically stable. Furthermore, the model simulation was carried out using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and sensitivity analysis of the basic reproduction number. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the spread of hepatitis B disease can be minimized by reducing contact between susceptible and chronic individuals, increasing treatment of chronic individuals, and increasing the number of vaccinated individuals in susceptible populations.
SIMILARITY CHECKING OF CCTV IMAGES USING PEARSON CORRELATION: IMPLEMENTATION WITH PYTHON
Authors: Mulyanto Angga Dwi , Otok Bambang Widjanarko , Aqsari Hasri Wiji , Harini Sri , Astuti Cindy Cahyaning
Published: October 2024

Video surveillance technology, such as CCTV, is increasingly common in various applications, including public safety and business surveillance. Analyzing and comparing images from CCTV systems is essential for ensuring safety and security. This research implements the Pearson Correlation method in Python to measure the similarity of CCTV images. Pearson Correlation, which assesses the linear relationship between two variables, is employed to compare the pixel values of two images, resulting in a coefficient that indicates the degree of similarity. We used a quantitative approach with experiments on two scenarios to test the program's effectiveness in measuring image similarity. The results demonstrate that Pearson Correlation is highly effective in distinguishing between identical and other images, providing a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of image similarity compared to histogram analysis. However, the findings are constrained by the specific scenarios and dataset utilized. Further research with more diverse empirical data is required to generalize these results across a broader range of CCTV conditions.
ADDITIVE HOLT-WINTERS METHOD FOR FORECASTING GROSS REGIONAL DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES OF EXPENDITURE OF WEST SUMATRA
Authors: Lathifah Lathifah , Agustina Dina
Published: October 2024

Regional disparities often pose significant challenges, with some areas experiencing rapid economic growth while others lag behind. An essential macro benchmark to gauge the success of development initiatives is economic growth, as indicated by changes in a region's Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). Using GRDP at constant prices (GRDP CP) helps eliminate the impact of price fluctuations, focusing on real increases in production activities. Expenditure GRDP reflects the value of goods and services produced within a region and consumed by the community. In the case of West Sumatra, the GRDP CP expenditure data reveals simultaneous seasonal and trend elements. The seasonal pattern, occurring quarterly each year, exhibits an additive seasonal effect. The Additive Holt-Winters method has been proven effective for data containing seasonal patterns with constant seasonal variation (additive) and linear trends, where the level, trend, and seasonal pattern can change. The data used is secondary data of GRDP CP of expenditure quarterly of West Sumatra in 2010 - 2022 obtained from the official website of the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics. According to research findings, the GRDP CP expenditure with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) value of 1.03% for quarter I to quarter IV in 2023 are Rp46,284,010.59, Rp46,472,223.99, Rp47,512,197.79, and Rp48,445,184.94, respectively. This suggests that the model equation performs exceptionally well predicting future economic trends.
Spatial Distribution of Nutrient in The Waters of Haruku Strait, Central Maluku Regency, Maluku Province
Authors: Tubalawony Simon , Sopalauw Elvira D , Pello Frederika S
Published: October 2024

Strait waters are influenced by tides, water masses and surrounding land. This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution of nutrients in the waters of the Haruku Strait, Central Maluku Regency, Maluku Province. The research method used is the survey method by taking water samples. Water samples were taken from 17 observation stations spread across the Haruku Strait at depths of 1 meter, 25 meters and 50 meters using the Niskin Bottle Water Sampler. Nitrate concentration analysis using the OPTIZEN Alfa equipment (Spectrophotometer UV-Vis) and the Brucine Sulfate method (SNI: 06-2480-1991) and phosphate concentration analysis using the Ammonium Molybdate method (APHA 10th ed. 5400-PD, 1998). The time of observation took place on July 23, 2022. The results showed that the average concentration of nitrate at a depth of 1 m was 1.146 ± 0.647 mg/L, a depth of 25 m was 1.148 ± 0.709 mg/L and a depth of 50 m was 1.136 ± 0.701 mg/L while the average concentration of phosphate at a depth of 1m was 0.051 ± 0.028 mg/L, a depth of 25 m was 0.053 ± 0.029 mg/L and at a depth of 50 m was 0.049 ± 0.020 mg/L. The waters of the Banda Sea, the Seram Strait and contributions from the rivers on the coast of Ambon Island play a role in the distribution of nutrients in the waters of the Haruku Strait.
Improvement of Immune Defense and Survival of Grouper Fish (Ephinepelus sp.) Using the Immuno-Probiosirkulasi System (SI-PBR) Method in Semi-Intensive Ponds in Brondong, Lamongan
Authors: Mahasri Gunanti , Woro Hastuti Satyantini  , Nina Nurmalia Dewi  , Lia Oktavia Ika Putri  , Lilis Cahaya Septiana  , Elangga Sony Widiharsono  , Salman Aldo Alfaresi  , Faisol Mas’ud  , Fuquh Rahmat Shaleh  , M. Khairul Anam  , Ika Purnamasari
Published: October 2024

Grouper (Epinephelus sp.) is a marine fishery commodity that is widely cultivated in marine cages and ponds. The export market demand for grouper fish continues to increase every year by 30.75% every year, so there is a need for improvement, through various technological applications. The main obstacle in cultivating grouper fish in ponds is the decline in water quality and disease attacks, which can cause up to 100% crop failure, just 3 – 5 days after infection. One effort that can be implemented is the cultivation method with the Immuno-Probiocirculation System (SIPBR). Brondong sub-district is one of the areas in Lamongan which has large fisheries potential, especially for breakwater water pools, which are the top among other districts. There have been many cases of grouper deaths in ponds to date, which are caused by disease attacks and water quality. The aim of this community service activity is to apply the Immuno-Probioculation System fish aquaculture technology in traditional plus pattern ponds (SI-PBR), increasing grouper fish production in Lamongan Regency, East Java. Observational method which includes socialization / counseling, planning and guidance for implementing SI-PBR technology in one period (three months). These results show positive indications. There is an increase in farmer knowledge, the SI-PBR method can reduce ectoparasite infestation and increase grouper yields from 272.43 kg / ha to 87.66 kg / ha, meaning an increase of 334%. The conclusion from this activity is that the SI-PBR model can increase fish production and can be applied in wider areas in the Lamongan region.
Dinâmicas de colaboração num estudo de aula na formação de profesores de matemática
Authors: Gaspar Duarte Nicole , Da Ponte João Pedro
Published: October 2024

Pretendemos contribuir para o conhecimento sobre as dinâmicas colaborativas promovidas num estudo de aula realizado na formação inicial de professores. Analisamos um estudo de aula realizado com futuras professoras de Matemática e suas professoras supervisora e cooperante. A investigação é qualitativa e os dados foram recolhidos por meio de observação e de entrevistas individuais. Os resultados mostram que o estudo de aula realizado promoveu dinâmicas colaborativas por meio da discussão e partilha de ideias para alcançar objetivos comuns. No desenvolvimento dessas dinâmicas ocorreram situações críticas que influenciaram a dinâmica do grupo, a qual se revelou positiva.
Development of women’s higher education in Galicia (late 19th – early 20th century)
Authors:   Ivan Franko Lviv National University, Khlanta Yevheniia , Delenko Valentyna
Published: October 2024

The article is dedicated to the study of women’s access to higher education in Galicia during the late 19th to the early 20th century. It delves into the historical context and social dynamics that shaped women’s opportunities to pursue higher education in the region. It is noted that women’s access to higher education was significantly limited and deferred compared to other countries – women were not granted the right to attend universities until 1897, and even after gaining this right, they faced discrimination and inequality. The author emphasizes the restrictions on women’s access to higher education, which were influenced by both conservative and liberal-conservative ideologies, as well as the challenging economic conditions of the local population. However, with the onset of the 20th century, ideological and economic changes contributed to expanding women’s opportunities to obtain higher education. However, women had to fight for their right to education, thus the article identifies and characterizes the stages of women’s struggle for the right to study at the universities of Galicia, and in Lviv University in particular. The authors of the article acknowledge that the necessity of higher education for women in Galicia became increasingly apparent due to the changes in the society and the labor market. Women began to show a greater interest in education as it opened up new opportunities for them in their professional and personal lives. The acquisition of higher education allowed women to become active participants in social life, improve their knowledge and skills, and engage in various spheres of activity. It is argued that initiatives by some educators and public leaders played a significant role in the development of women’s higher education. They actively promoted the idea of equal rights and opportunities for women in the field of education, advocating for the openness of university education to women, and supporting their efforts in studying academic courses and obtaining academic degrees. The research points out the limitations and scarcity of the access to information sources, while also defining directions for further research, including the study of women’s personal experiences, conducting comparative studies with other regions, and analysis of the impact of women’s empowerment on the society. Keywords: women’s education, universities, women’s empowerment, higher education, Galicia, Habsburg monarchy.
Developing learning interest of junior schoolchildren at the Ukrainian language lessons
Authors:   Mukachevo State University, Tovkanets Anna , Sidor Julia ,   Private Lyceum “School of Happy Children”
Published: October 2024

The article deals with the problem of developing the learning interest of junior schoolchildren during the Ukrainian language lessons in the framework of a modern primary school. The authors of the article highlight the features of the students’ learning interest development, including the novelty of teaching approaches and the educational material, the use of gaming technologies, the introduction of interactive methods, the integration and use of interdisciplinary connections in the teaching process (the possibility of studying the material from the view of different subjects; various opportunities to develop students’ coherent speech; broadening the worldview of junior schoolchildren; development of their mental activity; fostering positive moral, aesthetic, civic, ecological and other qualities of their personalities), the use of collaborative approaches to learning with the help of dialogues, etc. It is emphasized that elements of collaborative methods and techniques are used during the Ukrainian language lessons at the stages of consolidation and skills improvement while solving a specific problem. Attention is drawn to the use of didactic games (e.g. solving a crossword on a specific topic, completing puzzles, charades, etc.). The authors of the article demonstrate that fostering interest in the subject studied ensures enriching students’ vocabulary, develops their speech, activates children’s attention, broadens their outlooks, develops creative imagination, and improves schoolchildren’s moral qualities. Interactive technologies contribute to the activation of thinking and the development of learning interest, helping children maximize their creative potential and become more successful in learning. Among those the educational features of the electronic whiteboard as a teaching tool are described. It is concluded that it is essential to develop students' interest in the knowledge itself, in the process of its independent acquisition and improvement of the existing one, while learning interest should be considered both as a long-lasting mastery of educational material and as a stimulus to expand and deepen students’ existing knowledge. Keywords: Ukrainian language lessons, learning interest, primary school students, teaching methods and techniques, primary education, development.
Developing and implementing an “All-day School” model in Lviv, Ukraine
Authors:   Ivan Franko Lviv National University, Wynnyckyj-Yusypovych Oksana
Published: October 2024

Implementing an all-day school model was one of the steps undertaken in Lviv, Ukraine as part of the system-wide reforms introduced by the New Ukrainian School. The all-day school model increases the allocated class time for students and provides equal educational opportunities for all, regardless of social and economic backgrounds. The introduction of the innovations was preceded by the development and implementation of integrated curriculum units at the primary school level and was made possible by the formal acceptance of a Policy Directive by the Lviv City Council. Despite COVID limitations (2019–2021) and the proclamation of a State of War due to Russia’s full-scale invasion (2022–2024), the all-day school model has thrived and has been expanded. It is the purpose of this paper to present an overview of the implementation of the all-day school for grades 1–4 in the City of Lviv, Ukraine during the 2017–2024 period. A focus will be made on the pre-implementation activities that were conducted and the number of schools, teachers and classes that are currently participating in the project. Information will also be shared on how the needs of the teachers in filling the increased allocated time are being met. In conclusion, recommendations for further analysis of the all-day school will be made. Keywords: all-day school, allocated class time, New Ukrainian School, equal educational opportunities, integrated curriculum units.
Peculiarities of forming safety competencies under martial law
Authors:   Ivan Franko Lviv National University, Galadzhun Yaroslav , Muts Ihor , Petryshyn Roman , Yaremko Zinoviy
Published: October 2024

An urgent task, both under martial law and in the post-war period, is to develop safety competencies among higher education students by increasing their awareness of hazards and risk factors. According to the results of two sociological surveys conducted in December 2020 and December 2022, it was revealed that under martial law, young peoples’ assessment of hazards and risk factors is more unanimous compared to the pre-war period, and the refined indicator of awareness of hazards and risk factors is somewhat higher. Continuous threats to the safety of young people caused by military actions have enhanced the motivation to increase awareness of dangers in everyday life. The analysis of the results of a statistical assessment of the awareness of modern environment hazards and risk factors among young people indicates certain changes that follow naturally from the actual state of the country at war. A new wartime reality for Ukrainians resulted in the expected highest awareness rate and, simultaneously, the highest level of unanimity in its assessment. Moreover, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is recognized as one of the most dangerous hazards, but the unanimity in its assessment is much lower. It was also determined that the most dangerous and safest factors are perceived more unanimously. Human behavior generally depends on a set of existing hazards and risk factors, and their adequate awareness. Distortion of awareness of certain factors’ danger would lower the level of personal safety. Therefore, a balanced and adequate awareness of existing hazards and risk factors is an essential point in forming safety competencies among higher education students. Further development of the approaches to form higher education students’ safety competencies in wartime conditions is essential to increase the efficiency of the educational process in the post-war period. Keywords: safety competencies, level of danger, awareness of hazards and risk factors, risk-oriented approach, assessment.
Resource centres for inclusive education in higher education institutions of Ukraine: background, goals and objectives
Authors:   Ivan Franko Lviv National University, Lytvynenko Olha
Published: October 2024

Ukraine is currently facing the challenge of providing accessible education for all, including people with special educational needs. One of the key tools for achieving this goal is the creation of resource centers for inclusive education in higher education institutions. Resource centers for inclusive education in Ukrainian institutions of higher education are an important step on the way towards ensuring equal opportunities for all students and supporting their successful learning and development. The article examines the problem of creating resource centers for inclusive education in higher education institutions in Ukraine. The prerequisites for the creation of such centers are studied, and their goals and main tasks are determined. The activities of these centers in various education institutions of Ukraine are analyzed. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the needs of students with special educational needs and the methods of their integration into the academic environment. The prerequisites for the creation of resource centers for inclusive education are the recognition of the need for inclusive education and the awareness of the importance of creating an environment where every student has the opportunity to receive quality education regardless of their personal characteristics. Also, the prerequisites for creating resource centers for inclusive education cannot fail to include an analysis of the current state of inclusion in Ukrainian higher education institutions. The goals of resource centers are to create a favourable environment for the learning and development of students with special educational needs. The main tasks include supporting access to education, advising, and providing the necessary resources and services for the successful education of target groups of students. Innovative approaches to the development of inclusive education, aimed at creating a favourable environment for the development of each student, regardless of their characteristics, are highlighted. Resource centers become key agents in implementing the principle of equal opportunities in higher education and contribute to the formation of an open and tolerant society. Keywords: inclusive education, resource centers, higher education, special educational needs, accessible education, quality education, inclusive education.
Variations in Minor Mode: The Question of Accent in Chantal Akerman’s Cinema
Authors: Lavin Mathias
Published: October 2024

This article looks at the question of the accent in cinema, i.e. the latent, inaudible, often spectral dimension of our listening to films. By analyzing certain accents in film, we are reminded of the extent to which they testify to the irreducible presence of the body in the voice. In this way, we are placed at the center of any interrogation of the filmic voice. The corpus of study is taken entirely from the work of Chantal Akerman. This work first shows a tension between denial and the discreet presence of the Belgian accent (Walloon accent from Brussels). Moreover, the filmmaker’s voice in her works reflects the same ambivalence towards her place of origin, but it also constitutes a vocal signature, a singular inflection like an irreducible dimension, impossible to erase. Besides, recording the mother’s voice allows us to hear an accent marked by exile and History.
La voz lejos del cuerpo. Estrategias reflexivas en la obra de Gillian Wearing y Valérie Mréjen
Authors: Cerezuela Zaplana Juan Antonio
Published: October 2024

Tomando como referencia el vídeo True / False (1972) de Colin Campbell, el presente artículo ofrece una visión de lo que en el cine de no ficción ha supuesto la sincronización del rostro con la voz en cuestión de intimidad, confesionalidad y acto comunicativo con el sujeto fílmico, a la par que analiza el modo en que esta intimidad es recibida por el espectador. A partir de aquí, el artículo estudia ciertas estrategias reflexivas en el trabajo de Gillian Wearing y Valérie Mréjen que, desde la presencia de cierta forma síncrona entre la voz y el cuerpo, producen contradictoriamente una disociación o distanciamiento entre ambas partes, donde el sujeto parece ocultar o evitar parte de sí mismo.
Expression of DNA repair genes in workers producing lead from recycled materials
Authors: Shaikhova Daria R. , Kikot Anna M. , Bereza Ivan A. , Sutunkova Marina P. , Bragina Irina V. , Gurvich Vladimir B.
Published: October 2024

Working conditions at lead production plants, where a large number of harmful chemicals are present in the air of the work area, among which lead is the leading risk factor, have a negative impact on the health of workers. This xenobiotic disrupts numerous biochemical processes and affects many body systems. Of particular interest is the understanding of the action of lead at the molecular level, since in addition to the general mechanisms of damage to molecules and ultrastructures as a result of oxidative stress, lead is able to bind to a large DNA groove. A change in the level of gene expression in response to toxic exposure is considered as one of the biomarkers of the effect and can serve to develop measures for the early diagnosis of health disorders in exposed populations, including those working in harmful conditions.
The study aims to consider the expression of DNA repair genes in workers of lead processing from secondary raw materials.
The researchers examined the interned men working at the enterprise for the production of lead from secondary raw materials in the profession of a smelter (n=11) of the rough lead department, a dryer (n=10) of the rough lead department.
The comparison group included men (n=20) who work at the same enterprise and have no contact with harmful factors of production. We have performed amplification of the studied genes (ATM, CDKN1A and MDM) in real time using the QuantStudio 3 amplifier (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA).
It was found that the expression level of the ATM gene was statistically significantly different in all three study groups from the comparison group. The expression of the CDKN1A gene increased in comparison with the comparison group only in the smelters of the refining department. Also, the expression of this gene was increased in the smelters of the refining department compared with the smelters of the rough lead department.
In this study, an increase in the expression level of CDKN1A in smelters of the refining department was demonstrated, which may be an adaptive mechanism of the repair system. Also, in all exposed groups, the researchers found a decrease in the expression level of the ATM gene, which is important for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Further studies of the mechanisms of the influence of lead on the expression of these two genes in experimental models will allow the use of expression levels as early biomarkers of the effect of both total Pb exposure (ATM gene) and dose-dependent (CDKN1A
gene).
Limitations. Ethnicity was not determined in this study.
Ethics. The studies were conducted in accordance with the ethical principles set out in the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association and approved by the local Ethics committee of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of the Russian National Research Center of Rospotrebnadzor (Protocol No. 1 of 02/26/2021).
Baseline machine learning prediction of 2-year remission from anxiety, depression, and eating disorders among college students after population-based guided self-help: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Calderon Adam , Zainal Nur Hani , Lu Chenyang , Fitzsimmons-Craft Ellen , Wilfley Denise , Eisenberg Daniel , Taylor C Barr , Newman Michelle G.
Published: October 2024

Importance: Given the rising prevalence of anxiety, depression, and eating disorders (EDs), optimizing population treatment outcomes for the college population is needed. Objective: To develop a machine learning model using baseline socio-demographic and clinical information to predict which students would show long-term benefit from transdiagnostic digital cognitive-behavioral guided self-help (D-CBTgsh). Design: In this secondary analysis, we used baseline variables to predict those who did (n=1380) or did not (n=1723) remit from any anxiety, depression, or eating disorder at a two-year follow-up from D-CBTgsh. Setting: 26 U.S. colleges and universities. Participants: Between October 2019 and December 2023, full populations of college students were screened, and those 18 or older with or at risk of DSM-5 diagnosis of panic disorder (PD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), depression, and/or EDs (excluding anorexia nervosa) were enrolled. Of 3,103 participants within D-CBTgsh (Mage = 20.2; SD ± 4.0), 29.6% were male, and 64.6% were White and non-Hispanic. Intervention: D-CBTgsh via SilverCloud Health. Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s): Discriminatory accuracy of Super Learner trained for binary classification of two-year prevention and remission of all PD, GAD, SAD, depression, and EDs using 10 baseline variables. Results: The model achieved good discriminatory accuracy with an AUC of .77 (95% CI = .74-.79) with a large effect (d = 1.06) to distinguish the probability of prevention and remission from depression, anxiety, and eating disorders at a two-year follow-up (threshold = .485; accuracy = .721, sensitivity = .712; specificity = .728; NPV = .756; Precision = .682). Higher baseline severity in depression, SAD, GAD, anxiety-related avoidance, insomnia, chronicity of anxiety, and binge eating were associated with an increased probability of nonremission, whereas those who identified as male and with better mental health quality of life were associated with an increased probability of prevention and remission of all clinical disorders. Super Learner demonstrated clinical utility having identified 855 cases of two-year nonremission without increasing false positives per 1000 individuals. Conclusion and relevance: Routinely collected pre-treatment data may identify two-year outcome remission from D-CBTgsh, thereby potentially facilitating population-level mental health care delivery on college campuses. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04162847.
The Impact of Spin on the Interpretations of Abstracts of Randomized Controlled Trials in the Field of Clinical Psychology: An Online Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: van Hoesel Tijn Gerardus Lambertus , Bakker Marjan
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectives To assess the impact of spin on the interpretation of the results and conclusions reported in abstracts describing randomized controlled trials investigating behavioural treatments for depression. Design This study was an online parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Participants We recruited clinicians and clinical researchers by sending 6794 email invitations. We received 190 eligible responses of which 91 were randomized into the ‘without spin’-condition and 99 into the ‘with spin’-condition. Interventions We selected 10 abstracts from published RCTs that investigated behavioural treatments for depression. The RCTs had at least one nonsignificant primary outcome and an abstract conclusion that claimed a beneficial effect despite that nonsignificant primary outcome. We rewrote the abstracts to create a spinless version of each of the 10 abstracts. Participants were randomly assigned to read one version of one of the 10 abstracts and answer questions about the study described in the abstract. Outcome measures The primary outcome was the participants’ perception of the effectiveness of the treatment proposed in the abstract, rated on a scale from 0 to 10. Results The Bayesian analysis showed no convincing support for an effect of spin on the participants’ perception of the treatment effectiveness (posterior mean = 0.53, SE = 0.27, 95% CI [-0.01, 1.07]; posterior mode = 0.54, 95% HDI [-0.02, 1.06]). However, following the Bayes factor of 1.8, no convincing support for a null-effect was found either.Conclusion The presence of spin in abstracts did not convincingly impact the perceptions of clinicians and clinical researchers regarding the effectiveness of the proposed treatment.
Social media as a behavioral activation tool, protecting against suicidal thoughts in adolescents with anhedonia
Authors: Dreier Melissa J , Horne Sarah , Kleiman Evan , Hamilton Jessica L.
Published: October 2024

Objective: Anhedonia is a risk factor for suicidal thoughts. Treatment for anhedonia (behavioral activation) involves engaging in rewarding activities. Social media use is a rewarding activity for adolescents, and thus, a possible behavioral activation tool for adolescents experiencing anhedonia, reducing further symptom escalation (e.g., suicidal thoughts). The current study tested: 1) Is momentary anhedonia negatively associated with looking forward to checking social media (predicted pleasure)? 2) Is momentary anhedonia associated with subsequent experiencing less positive mood on social media (actual pleasure)? 3) Are within-person changes in positive mood on social media (actual pleasure) associated with reduced likelihood of suicidal thoughts, and does this vary by levels of anhedonia? Method: Sixty-two adolescents (Mage = 16.15 (0.97); 49.3% girls, 16.4% boys, 34.4% nonbinary; 40.3% white) completed ecological momentary assessments three times daily for eight weeks. All prompts asked about anhedonia, predicted pleasure from social media, and actual pleasure on social media. Evening prompts assessed daily suicidal thoughts. Multilevel models tested the above research questions. Results: Adolescents experiencing momentary anhedonia above their average levels looked forward to checking social media less. However, more-than-usual momentary anhedonia was not associated with positive mood on social media (actual pleasure). Experiencing above-average positive mood on social media was associated with decreased risk of suicidal thoughts at the daily level. This relationship was not moderated by anhedonia. Conclusion: For adolescents experiencing more-than-usual anhedonia, using social media for positive mood-boosting activities could be a behavioral activation tool and may be an important protective factor against suicidal thoughts.
Mechanisms of developmental change in genetic and environmental influences on intelligence
Authors: Morris Damien Matthew , Ritchie Stuart James , Plomin Robert
Published: October 2024

We attempted to replicate previous findings of rising heritability and declining shared environmental influence on intelligence across development using the Twins Early Development Study—a large, longitudinal sample of British twins. Two longitudinal twin models (a Cholesky and Simplex model) were fitted to 9 waves of cognitive test data for 10,535 twin pairs. Heritability rose significantly from 24% at age 2 to 48-52% at age 16. Concurrently, shared environmental influence declined significantly from 65% to 9-13%. Moreover, nonshared environmental influences also increased significantly, rising from 11% to 39-40%. In early childhood, developmental gains in heritability were explained by the emergence of new genetic influences. In later childhood and adolescence, gains in heritability were explained by the continued emergence of new genetic influences but also the amplification of pre-existing genetic influences. This evidence for genetic amplification suggests that active gene-environment correlation is partly responsible for gains in heritability later in development. Shared environmental influence declined across development because pre-existing environmental influences decayed between waves faster than new environmental influences accumulated. Lastly, the rise in nonshared environmental influence was principally explained by age-specific environmental effects that increased in magnitude across development.
A study to determine utility of platelet indices in differentiating hyperdestructive and hypoproductive thrombocytopenia.
Authors: Shetageri Shruthi Neelakanth , Francis Roniya , Parthiban S R Raja
Published: October 2024

Background: Thrombocytopenia by definition signifies a platelet count below 1,50,000/mm3 but this does not reflect the underlying pathology. Management of these patients significantly depends on identifying the primary cause of thrombocytopenia. With advances in automation, analyzers can now measure platelet parameters like mean platelet volume, Platelet distribution width, and Platelet large cell ratio which are potential biomarkers of platelet morphology. Presently, these non-invasive and cost-efficient diagnostic markers are quite underused. The study aimed to understand the relationship of instrument-derived platelet parameters with respect to the categorizing of thrombocytopenia based on underlying pathophysiology.
Materials and methods: A prospective study was conducted from September 2018 to October 2020consisting of 315 cases of hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia and 54 cases of hypoproductive thrombocytopenia. After collecting the important clinical details, platelet count along with instrument-derived platelet indices was noted. A comparison of platelet indices was done between the two groups.
Results: In the hyper-destructive group, the mean platelet indices were found to be significantly higher in comparison to the hypo-productive group. No significant correlation was obtained between the platelet count severity and various platelet indices. Mean platelet volume had the highest sensitivity and specificity in differentiating hyper-destructive thrombocytopenia from the hypo-productive group.
Conclusions: Platelet indices aid in distinguishing hyper-destructive from hypo-productive causes of thrombocytopenia. Of the three indices analyzed, Mean platelet volume was shown to be a better parameter in differentiating the two groups.
Dezorientacje pamięci. "Pulverkopf" Edwarda Pasewicza
Authors: Zając Antoni
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to interpret selected themes from Edward Pasewicz’s novel "Pulverkopf". The relations of body, memory and language, as well as the motifs of spatio-temporal disturbances that result in identity crises are the subject of reflection. These crises stem from the main character’s exposure to secret and traumatizing messages concerning his family’s past and the history of the town where he grew up. The author of this article reconstructs the multi-layered plot of "Pulverkopf" and discusses the different types of disorientation that the protagonist faces. Using methodological tools drawn from psychoanalysis and queer studies (including Sara Ahmed’s concept of disorientation as presented in her book "Queer Phenomenology"), the author contends that in Pasewicz’s novel contact with spectres of the (other’s) past leads to the constitution of a queer subject.
The Anti-illicit Activity Regime of the Multilateral Development Banks: Criminal Acts or Prohibited Practices?
Authors: Bazbauers Adrian Robert , McCarthy-Jones Anthea
Published: October 2024

The spread of illicit activity across the global economy presents significant challenges to international development. Despite the well-recognised global incidence of corruption, fraud, and money laundering in development-focused investment projects, the responses of the multilateral development banks (MDBs) to these threats remain understudied. Our article offers the first comprehensive study into the comparative historical emergence and evolution of MDB responses to illicit activity. By identifying and analysing critical junctures in this history, we argue that the MDBs have tended to approach illicit activity as prohibited practices rather than criminal acts. We contend that this is an intentional choice made by the MDBs that absolves these organisations from any real responsibility in minimising illicit activity, finding their concern to be ensuring contractual compliance in their lending operations rather than curtailing criminal behaviour and their preference to be resolving contractual deviations in-house as opposed to coordinating with local jurisdictions and law enforcement agencies.
A Mixed Methods Systematic Review of the Effectiveness, Acceptability, and Feasibility of Advanced Care Plans for Older Adults Without Life-Limiting Conditions
Authors: Kunonga Tafadzwa Patience , Thomson Katie H. , Beyer Fiona R. , Dawson Shoba , Brittain Katie , Craig Dawn
Published: October 2024

Context: Advance care planning (ACP) is a comprehensive procedure aimed at helping individuals understand and articulate their values, life goals, and preferences concerning future medical treatment. Despite extensive research on ACP in populations with terminal illnesses, dementia, and those in long-term care, there is a lack of focus on its impact among older adults without life-limiting conditions.
Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of ACP for older adults without life-limiting conditions.
Methods: We searched 11 electronic databases, spanning from inception to November 2023, complemented by extensive grey literature and reference searches. Rigorous quality assessments were conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Our approach adopted a dynamic convergent mixed-methods design, incorporating thematic and narrative synthesis.
Findings: From over 12,600 citations, a total of 16 studies, comprising four randomised controlled trials (RCTs), nine qualitative studies, and three mixed methods studies met the inclusion criteria. Limited findings indicate that ACP interventions are generally effective in improving document completion rates and reducing hospital readmissions. Acceptability and feasibility of these interventions were high, although significantly influenced by cultural and religious factors.
Limitations: Evidence supporting the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of ACP in reducing unplanned hospital admissions in older adults without life-limiting conditions was limited. We excluded observations based on unwell older people, though some material with unclear distinctions may have been included. Quality assessments revealed that one of four RCTs had a high risk of bias, three had unclear risks; all nine qualitative studies had low risk; and one of three mixed methods studies had low risk while two had unclear risks.
Implications: Further targeted research is necessary to assess the intervention’s value for this population. Rigorous real-world evidence studies involving older adults without life-limiting conditions and their proxies is crucial to enabling providers to tailor ACPs to diverse populations, whilst respecting individuals’ religious and cultural beliefs.
مراجعة كتاب الرأسمالية الكانيبالية: كيف يبتلع نظامنا الديمقراطية والرعاية والكوكب؟ وما الذي يمكننا فعله في هذا الشأن؟
Authors: بوسلهام سمير
Published: October 2024

عنوان الكتاب: الرأسمالية الكانيبالية: كيف يبتلع نظامنا الديمقراطية والرعاية والكوكب؟ وما الذي يمكننا فعله في هذا الشأن؟
المؤلفة: نانسي فريزر.
الناشر: لندن: فارسو.
سنة النشر: 2022.
عدد الصفحات: 209.