bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urgensi Persetujuan Majelis Kehormatan Notaris Wilayah Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dalam Pengambilan Minuta Akta Pada Proses Peradilan
Authors: Arief Andi Nurfajri Riandini , Akub Syukri , Muchtar Syamsuddin
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis thesis discusses about the approval by the Assembly Notary Honor Regional in making photocopies Minuta Deed for inspection of criminal cases purposes which is conducted by Notary. This research uses a legal empiric method. The result of the study is concluded that Assembly Notary Honor Regional in Province Sulawesi Selatan still faced the inhibiting of their duty and function. Based on research, author was inventory the inhibiting which is originated from Notaries and law enforcement apparatus and in terms of of the rule of law. The suggestion for future is the requirement of continuously of guidance to Notaries and law enforcement apparatus, so that botth sides can understand their position to implement their profession at once understanding about Assembly Notary Honor Council’s duty and function. Keywords: Honor Board, Notary, Approval, Minuta Deed.  AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah pentingnya persetujuan Majelis Kehormatan Notaris Wilayah dalam pengambilan fotokopi minuta akta untuk kepentingan pemeriksaan dalam perkara pidana yang dilakukan oleh notaris. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Majelis Kehormatan Notaris Wilayah Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan masih mendapatkan hambatan dalam melaksanakan tugas dan fungsinya khususnya dalam memberikan keputusan baik persetujuan maupun penolakan terhadap permohonan dari aparat penegak hukum. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penulis menginventarisir hambatan yang berasal dari para notaris dan aparat penegak hukum serta dari segi aturan hukum. Adapun saran kedepannya adalah diperlukannya pembinaan secara terus menerus kepada para notaris dan aparat penegak hukum agar kedua pihak dapat memahami kedudukan masing-masing dalam melaksanakan profesi sekaligus pemahaman mengenai tugas dan fungsi Majelis Kehormatan Notaris Wilayah. Kata Kunci: Majelis Kehormatan, Notaris, Persetujuan, Minuta Akta.
CONTROLING THE ABANDONED LAND IN SUMBARANG VILLAGE, JATINEGARA SUB-DISTRICT, TEGAL REGENCY
Authors: Sudjito Sudjito , Ekasetya Mohammad Paurindra
Published: January 2023

This research is aimed to know and to analyze the cause of Abandoned land in Sumbarang village Jatinegara sub-district Tegal regency, the effort which has been done by land office of Tegal regency toward the Abandoned land, and the obstacle which is faced by the tegal regency’s land office in controling the Abandoned land. The type of thus research is an empirical law which placed in Sumbarang village, Jatinegara sub-district Tegal regency. The source of the data consist of primary, an interview, and secondary data are law materials which can support the resarch’s accuracy which is analyzed by using qualitative technique. The approach method which is uses is juridical sociology. The results of this research find that the factors of the Abandoned land in Sumbarang village are: (1) the wide of the land is not comparable with the worker, the wide land is ±24,1700 ha which is only worked by 40 peoples which makes the land is not used all. (2) the right land is lended to PG. Pangkah, so the farm is changing function. (3) plant hama attack, many of orange plants which is cultivated by CVPD virus which cause stagnancy of the farming bussiness activity. The efforts which is done by the land office of Tegal regency toward the Abandoned land are (1) directing the right holder to use their land. (2) monitoring towards the land right, (3) evaluating the land right (4) controling based on Government Regulation Number 11 of 2010 jo. Regulation of the Head of the National Land Agency Number 4 of 2010 which is about controlling and using Abandoned land. The steps are: a. Inventaritation, b. Identification and researching, c. Warning, d. Determining Abandoned land in controling the Abandoned land. The Tegal office land faces some obstacles they are (1) the right holder lives is unknown, so, it causes difficulty in giving the warn. (2) the right holder is not cooperative. There is no coordination and coorperation betwen the right holder and land Office.
PEREMPUAN DALAM HUKUM ADAT (Kajian Terhadap Kedudukan Perempuan Menurut Hukum Adat di Nusantara Dalam Hubungannya Dengan Sistem Kekerabatan Masyarakat)
Authors: Idris Zulherman , Apriani Desi
Published: January 2023

The study of women is always interesting. This is because women are human beings from whom new life is born as God's will. However, in the development of law on earth, the position of women is seen to differ depending on the legal system adopted by the community. It is interesting to study in this regard the position of women according to customary law in the archipelago which is influenced by the kinship system of the community. The research method that author use is descriptive normative legal research, using secondary data with qualitative analysis. The results of the study showed that the patrilineal kinship system was born as a form of thought and community life that gave priority to men. This has an effect on the position of women under men in terms of rights, obligations, roles and responsibilities. Vice versa with the matrilineal kinship system affects the privilege of the position of women in the lives of their communities. Meanwhile in a society with a parental kinship system, it affects the equality or balance of position between women and men.Kajian terhadap perempuan merupakan hal yang selalu menarik. Hal ini karena perempuan adalah manusia yang dari dirinya lahir kehidupan baru sebagai kehendak Tuhan. Namun dalam perkembangan hukum di bumi, kedudukan perempuan dipandang berbeda beda tergantung sistem hukum yang dianut masyarakatnya. Menarik untuk dikaji dalam hal ini yaitu tentang kedudukan perempuan menurut hukum adat di Nusantara yang dipengaruhi oleh sistem kekerabatan masyarakatnya. Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif, menggunakan data sekunder dengan analisis kualitatif.  Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa sistem kekerabatan patrilineal lahir sebagai wujud pemikiran dan kehidupan masyarakat yang mengutamakan kaum lelaki. Hal ini berpengaruh pada kedudukan perempuan yang berada di bawah laki-laki baik dari segi hak, kewajiban, peran dan tanggungjawab. Begitu pula sebaliknya dengan system kekerabatan matrilineal berpengaruh pada keistimewaan kedudukan perempuan dalam kehidupan masyarakatnya. Sementara itu pada masyarakat dengan system kekerabatan parental berpengaruh pada kesetaraan atau keseimbangan kedudukan antara perempuan dengan laki-laki.
Siri na Pesse: The Bugis Custom in the Philosophy of Value Perspective
Authors: Juhansar Juhansar
Published: January 2023

The custom or the culture of siri na pesse is the soul, dignity, and self-respect of the Bugis people. The Bugis people defend and uphold siri na pesse which is considered polluted or defiled by others will always be willing to sacrifice anything including their body and soul. This study aimed to describe the philosophical values embodied in the culture of siri na pesse using Max Ferdinand Scheler's approach. This study was descriptive qualitative research in the field of philosophy where data collected through library research supported by interviews. The steps of this research were data identification, data collection, data categories, data classification, and data analysis. The data analysis method used was the hermeneutic method and its methodical elements. This method was used to understand the philosophical values contained in the object of research, through verstehen and interpretation. The results of this study indicate that there are four hierarchical philosophical values of siri na pesse. The values hierarchy is first, the holiness values; the value of Godness or the value of beliefs, and the cultural values including morals and customs values. Second, spiritual values; honesty values, persistence values, propriety values, consistency values, and heroic values. Third, vital values; solidarity values, intellectual values, fairness values, and welfare values. The last is the values of pleasure including business and competitive values, material values, and satisfaction values.
The Influence of Islamic Religion in Selling Communities Malay Rokan in Riau Province
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Firmanda Hengki , Samariadi Samariadi
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Islam in the buying and selling activities of Malay communities in Riau Province. The study discussed includes Malay customary law related to the sale and purchase agreements carried out by Malay people who are influenced by Islam. The author uses empirical juridical research methods by trying to find legal facts by what happened as such facts. The results of the study that the authors conclude that the discovery of the relationship of the influence of Islam in the Malay community in selling and selling is a crystallization of Islamic values which has long been an inseparable part of the identity of a Malay child and continues to place the sharia in its proper place i.e. sharia and adat are maintained without any disturbances from buying and selling activities using the sale and purchase agreement.
The Urgency of Corporate Criminal Liability in Criminal Law in Indonesia
Authors: Fajar Adi Nugroho Akhmad , Sularto R.B.
Published: January 2023

The existence of a corporation is very closely related to people's lives. The crime committed by the corporation is the brain of the corporation, that is, the ruler of the corporation, for or for the benefit of the corporation. This research is normative legal research that uses secondary data, which consists of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Crimes committed by corporations can be very widespread, threaten the stability of the national economy, endanger the integrity of the national financial system, damage the joints of the nation's life and corporate criminal acts are committed by people who have expertise or positions (white-collar crime) so that it is not easy to prove. By using existing theories such as Vicarious Liability, Strict Liability, and Identification of corporate criminal liability, it can be constructed more accurately on criminal violations that harm the state.
Dynamics Policy of Sustainable Development in Indonesia
Authors: Rusli Zaili
Published: January 2023

This paper aims to analyze the dynamics of sustainable development legal policies in Indonesia. As is well known, Indonesia is one of the few countries that includes recognition of environmental protection in its constitution. The 1945 Constitution also recognizes that sustainable development is one of the principles on which the economic system is based. More than that, sustainable development has also been included in the environmental law. However, these acknowledgments do not then make sustainable development easily implemented. There are many facts about how sustainable development is just theory and weak in implementation. The main thing is seen from the weak law enforcement against offenders who do environmental damage.
Restorative Justice as a Basis for Stopping Prosecution by Prosecutors in a Human Rights Perspective
Authors: Risha Ahmadi Iqbal , Suteki Suteki
Published: January 2023

The shift in the concept of retributive justice to restorative justice has also been realized and felt by the Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Indonesia as the institution authorized to prosecute in criminal cases. So far, the concept of retributive justice in criminal law enforcement has not been proven optimally and effectively in tackling and controlling crime. In fact, in practice it often causes injustice that violates human rights. This article is a descriptive study with a normative juridical approach that examines the literature on secondary data sources. The results obtained are, as a manifestation of the active role of the Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Indonesia in carrying out its duties and authorities, namely law enforcement and respect for human rights, the Attorney General has issued Attorney General Regulation No. 15 of 2020 concerning Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice. The implementation of the termination of prosecution is based on the principles that provide protection of human rights, namely the principle of justice, the principle of public interest, the principle of proportionality, the principle of ultimum remedium and the principle of quick, simple and low-cost justice. Of course, this also needs to be supported by a prosecutor with integrity, professional, progressive and not limited by written rules with the ability to explore the laws that live in society by adhering to values that uphold human rights contained in Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution.
Application of Customary Sanctions in the Settlement of Criminal Cases in the Malay Community of Indragiri Hilir, Riau
Authors: Ferawati Ferawati , Firmanda Hengki , Elmayanti Elmayanti
Published: January 2023

Settlement of cases through formal justice and using positive law has a weakness because the orientation in punishment is more focused on the perpetrator (Offender oriented) so that the suffering or loss of the victim is ignored, in addition to the procedure for resolving criminal acts through criminal law, it is not possible for victims to participate actively determine how the conflict will be resolved. even the attitudes and actions of law enforcement officers often cause other suffering for victims (secondary victimization). To overcome these problems, the idea arose to reimpose the settlement of criminal cases using customary law, in line with this idea, this study aims to explore the valuesof local wisdom (customary law) with Indragiri Hilir which are still used to resolve criminal cases that occur in the community, the type of research carried out is normative-empirical legal research (applied law research). but more importantly useful and beneficial for the recovery of suffering or loss of victims.
Inovasi Model Pembelajaran Ekstrakurikuler Pramuka Berbasis Penanaman Nilai-Nilai Agama
Authors: Irawan  , Suhaeni
Published: January 2023

Masalah: kegiatan pramuka tidak terlalu diminati para siswa dan menganggap kegiatan pramuka adalah kegiatan yang monoton dan yang dipelajari hanya itu–itu saja (tali–temali, morse, menyanyi, tepuk tangan dan  berkemah). Belum lagi ada pihak lain beranggapan pramuka masih melaksanakan kegiatan–kegiatan kuno, yakni pramuka masih saja menggunakan alat–alat sederhana dan permainan kuno. Dan pramuka juga dianggap jauh dari nilai-nilai agama serta pelaksanaannya masih secara tradisional.

Metodologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode research and development (R&D)

Temuan/Hasil Penelitian: Hasil uji coba, menghasilkan skor rata-rata evaluasi model pembelajaran lama sebesar 43% sedangkan model pembelajaran baru dengan perolehan angka sebesr 72%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil uji coba model pembelajaran pramuka berbasis penanaman nilai-nilai agama yang baru atau produk lebih baik dari pembelajaran model lama. Adapun dari hasil uji efektifitas di dapat thitung = -16,57 dan ttabel = 1,86 dengan uji fihak kanan, dimana nilai thitung jatuh pada daerah penerimaan Ha, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan efektivitas model pembelajaran lama dan baru, dimana model pembelajaran baru lebih efektif dari model pembelajaran lama. Begitupun hasil uji pemakaian melalui eksperimen dengan menggunakan metode kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen dihasilkan thitung lebih besar dari ttabel (15,05 > 2,262) sehingga dapat disimpulkan, terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar yang signifikan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran pramuka yang baru. Sedangkan hasil uji sumbangan efektif dan sumbangan relatif dengan menggunakan uji korelasi didapat rhitung = 0,651. Sehingga koefisien determinasinya r2 = 0,6512 = 0,4238 berarti peningkatan hasil belajar siswa 42,38% dipengaruhi oleh penggunaan model pembelajaran pramuka yang baru (sumbangan efektif) dan sisanya 57,62% ditentukan oleh faktor lain (sumbangan relatif).

Jenis Penelitian: Kualitatif
PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN DAN PEMASARAN TERHADAP PENGHINDARAN PAJAK
Authors: Permata Sari Lena , Nailufaroh Lulu
Published: January 2023

Research entitled The Effect of Company Size and Marketing on Tax Avoidance. With the aim of knowing how the influence partially or individually on variable X on variable Y. Where X is Company Size, Marketing and Y is Tax Avoidance. The research methodology used is quantitative where the type and source of this research is secondary, namely Food and Beverage Subsector Manufacturing Companies Listed on the IDX 2015-2019. The total population of 25 food and beverage subsector manufacturing companies with the method of determining the sample, namely purposive sampling technique which resulted in 9 food and beverage subsector manufacturing companies. The data analysis technique used in this research was descriptive statistical test, classical assumption test which included normality, multicollinearity, autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity tests, multiple regression, coefficient of determination and t table test which were processed through SPSS Version 25. Company Size has an effect on Tax Avoidance. Marketing variable has no effect on Tax Avoidance.
PENGARUH IKLIM ORGANISASI DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI
Authors: Erlina Gentari Ratu
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the effect of climate organization and work environment of employee performance in office UPBJJ-UT Serang. The method used in this research is quantitative methods. The sampel used by 34 respondents, which amaout is a population of office UPBJJ-UT Serang. Data analysis using SPSS version 20. Based on the result of this study concluded that for the climate organization (X1) obtained By value t count < t table This partially no significant diference between the climate organization on employee performance. For work environment (X2) obtained by value t count > t table . Thus partially significant difference between work environment to employee performance. While based on test results obtained value f f count < f table this simultaneously significant difference between the climate organization and work environment of employee performance. And based on the model table summary obtained value R square amounting to 0,312 by 31,2% show that employee performance variables can be explained by the independent variable is the organizational climate and work environment68,88% while the rest is explained by other factors outside the  model variables of the study.
Wide-span timber trusses in the area of Bologna: a case study analysis and comparison
Authors: Prati Davide , Massafra Angelo , Guardigli Luca
Published: January 2023

This paper summarizes a larger research project that used an innovative method to study several timber roofs structures in Bologna. The research was focused on developing a support tool for analyzing the geometry and the structural behavior of these structural systems, utilizing Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) and point cloud geometric information via visual programming generative algorithms. In addition, the method has been developed to collect and trace data on various types of timber trusses and function as an information system. Specialized literature frequently oversimplifies the comprehension of these structural systems by basing its theories on structural analysis methods originated in the nineteenth century. This approach typically needs a thorough understanding of material properties and structure deformations, which cannot be obtained so easily.Innovative methods of research, as well as typological construction investigations, can be helpful to gain a thorough understanding of these objects. Such knowledge is essential for the conscious conservation of these amazing construction systems. This paper presents a comparative analysis of five types of timber trusses from the roofs of noticeable buildings from the 17th and 18th centuries, associating their typological and construction characteristics with the geometric and deformative information gathered in the previous research. The entire study provides a deeper understanding of these objects in the Italian context by highlighting some critical issues.
Rhythm-Relay-Relation: Anticolonial Media Activisms in Athens
Authors: Western Tom
Published: January 2023

This chapter maps out a set of anticolonial media poetics, politics, and aesthetics. It centres on a series of collaborative radio programmes produced in Athens, Greece, as part of ongoing work with an activist collective in the city. The chapter works with ideas of rhythm, relay, and relation – which serve both as methods and as guiding concepts – and narrates a form of citizen soundwork: sonic practices that experiment with geographical, political, and technological imaginations. This work in Athens is a convergence and continuation of media activisms elsewhere, carrying collective methods of voicing and articulating belonging across migratory contexts. And it sounds out anticolonial media activisms that feed back across histories and geographies of resistance and liberation. These media activisms unmake colonial hierarchies of voice and knowledge; and make anticolonial publics, communicating across radical sonic cartographies and building political cultures that contest the colonialities of borders and citizenship regimes.
Rendering Race Through a Paranoid Postsocialist Lens Activist Curating and Public Engagement in the Postcolonial Debate in Eastern Europe
Authors: Koobak Redi , Tali Margaret
Published: January 2023

This chapter engages with the heated public debate on racial representation and colonial history that arose around Kumu Art Museum’s exhibitionRendering Race(2021) in Estonia. As an academic activist intervention, it proposed an important shift by changing racist titles of artworks from the twentieth century and thereby for the first time in the museum’s practice considered minority groups as its publics. The chapter analyses the curatorial strategies used and the key points of contention in the public debate to consider what it revealed and obscured about Eastern Europe’s relationship to the aftermath of European colonialism.
‘Following’ Teju Cole’s ‘Black Portraitures’
On Zigzagging Between (Digital) Literature, Photography, Art History, Music and Much More…
Authors: Concilio Carmen
Published: January 2023

In this chapter, I will explore ‘black portraitures’ in Teju Cole’s writings, photos, and art history lessons, while ‘following’ his journeying – geographic, literary, photographic, digital – in both his photo essays and criticism Known and Strange Things (2016), Blind Spot (2016), in his novel Open City (2011) and his latest essay collection Black Paper (2021). I intend to study his poetics, his aesthetics and his ethical stance, particularly in relation to his re-formulation of postcolonial paradigms. Intersecting trajectories with works by Caryl Phillips (The European Tribe, 1987) and by Johny Pitts (Afropean. Notes from Black Europe, 2019) will also be considered.
Analisis Semiotika Roland Barthes Pada Iklan Pocari Sweat Versi Ramadhan 1442 H
Authors: Lukman Hakim  , Oktavia Monalisa
Published: January 2023

Advertising is one way that companies use to promote their products or services to the public. The object analyzed in this research is the advertisement for Pocari Sweat version of Ramadhan 1442 H. As a commercial product, Pocari Sweat is not spared from a promotion so that Pocari Sweat makes an advertisement video with the theme of Ramadan. The purpose of this study was to analyze the audio visuals of the Ramadan 1442 H version of the Pocari Sweat advertisement. This study used a descriptive qualitative method using Roland Barthes' semiotic analysis approach. The results of this study indicate that the Ramadan 1442 H version of the Pocari Sweat advertisement intends to improve the company's image by using television advertising media and using rising actresses to become advertisement stars. In addition, this advertisement also intends to promote the product through advertising messages that the Pocari Sweat product is very useful for those who are fasting.
Entre la voluntad de Allāh y las balas de los jnūn: La epidemia de peste de 1799 y 1800 en Marruecos
Authors: González Vázquez Araceli
Published: January 2023

La peste que golpeó Marruecos en 1799 y 1800 fue una epidemia sin precedentes. En este artículo, examino algunas observaciones hechas sobre la peste por el agente comercial británico James Grey Jackson, en particular sus ideas sobre las comprensiones islámicas locales de la agencia de los jnūn y de Dios (Allāh) en la aparición de esta enfermedad.
“Igual que en su casa”: la construcción del paciente hospitalario en las clínicas quirúrgicas de la Barcelona de 1900
Authors: Zarzoso Alfons
Published: January 2023

El objeto de este trabajo es señalar el papel que las clínicas quirúrgicas creadas en Barcelona en las últimas dos décadas del siglo XIX tuvieron en la configuración del paciente hospitalario como parte de un proceso general de medicalización de la sociedad contemporánea. La clínica del ginecólogo Miquel A. Fargas (1858-1916) se toma como referencia de análisis para entender las razones de una nueva estrategia médica y empresarial que concede centralidad al paciente en un nuevo escenario médico bajo el control del profesional. El escenario de la clínica quirúrgica se constituye como un hospital doméstico y propicia un cambio mental en la relación del paciente con las nuevas prácticas médicas, lejos del imaginario colectivo del viejo hospital general de beneficencia. Este proceso tiene lugar en nombre de la eficacia y la eficiencia de la empresa quirúrgica que, al mismo tiempo, delimita la especialización médica y menoscaba la agencia del paciente, que gana en bienestar físico y emocional, pero pierde identidad. El modelo asistencial que se describe prospera y se multiplica durante el primer tercio del siglo XX en un contexto socioeconómico competitivo y en crecimiento. Se apunta así la contribución decisiva de la clínica, que deviene el espacio asistencial hegemónico a mediados del siglo XX, en el proceso de medicalización de la mayor parte de la sociedad catalana.
Asepsia, clínicas “particulares” y beneficencia pública: hacia un modelo asistencial dual en la ciudad de Valencia (1882-1936)
Authors: García Ferrandis Xavier
Published: January 2023

Este trabajo se centra en el análisis de las primeras clínicas privadas de la ciudad de Valencia, una serie de pequeños hospitales quirúrgicos fundados a lo largo de las últimas décadas del siglo XIX y del primer tercio del XX en paralelo a un modelo de beneficencia insuficiente. Durante el período de estudio, coincidiendo con la introducción en Valencia de la antisepsia y la asepsia quirúrgicas, empezó a gestarse un modelo asistencial dual. Por una parte, el sistema sanitario heredado del Antiguo Régimen basado en un gran hospital general de beneficencia; por otra, una incipiente sanidad “particular” o privada basada en la progresiva habilitación de una serie de clínicas quirúrgicas, una estrategia asistencial que se inscribe en el complejo proceso de medicalización del conjunto de la población, no solo de la burguesía urbana, sino también de las clases populares, la menestralía y el obrerismo. El desarrollo de estas clínicas se vio truncado de raíz con el estallido de la Guerra Civil Española, dado que la mayoría fueron incautadas por los comités revolucionarios y transformados en hospitales de sangre, con el objetivo de satisfacer las necesidades asistenciales del estado de guerra.
Nuevos datos para la historia del opio en la medicina islámica: El barš en la Resāla-ye afyūn de ͨ Emād-al-Dīn Maḥmūd Šīrāzī, médico iraní del siglo XVI
Authors: Lozano Cámara Indalecio
Published: January 2023

Este artículo menciona las principales investigaciones publicadas hasta el momento sobre la historia del uso terapéutico y recreativo del opio en el Islam clásico entre los siglos VII y XVII. Presenta la figura histórica del médico iraní ᶜEmād-al-Dīn Maḥmūd Šīrāzī (1515-1592) y describe el contenido general de su Resāla-ye afyūn [Tratado sobre el opio], principal tratado monográfico llegado hasta nosotros sobre los usos medicinales del opio en la civilización islámica. Más concretamente, la presente investigación versa sobre la historia del barš, el opiáceo más difundido y más usado como medicamento y droga recreativa por las poblaciones islámicas entre los siglos XII y XIX, y trata su composición, el origen y significado de su nombre y las fuentes citadas por ᶜEmād-al-Dīn al hablar de él. Asimismo, traza el proceso de transmisión de conocimientos sobre este opiáceo desde Galeno hacia los autores árabes de los siglos XII y XIII y desde estos hacia la medicina del Irán safaví del siglo XVI, y analiza su historia en los círculos médicos árabes e iraníes de los siglos XII al XVI. Se concluye que la Resāla-ye afyūn supone un significativo avance en lo referente a los usos medicinales del barš respecto a los conocimientos de los médicos árabes.
Anilinas vs. organofosforados: la implicación de la empresa Bayer en las polémicas en torno al Síndrome del Aceite Tóxico
Authors: Domínguez Vilaplana Rafaela , González Bueno Antonio
Published: January 2023

La aparición de la intoxicación alimentaria en España en el año 1981, causante del Síndrome del Aceite Tóxico, unido a la imposibilidad de encontrar la toxina responsable de la enfermedad, potenció la posibilidad de señalar otros agentes causales, en particular un pesticida organofosforado de la casa Bayer, Nemacur. Se desarrolló así una línea alternativa a la decisión oficial, liderada por los médicos Antonio Muro y Luís Frontela, particularmente defendida, en España, por la empresa editorial Grupo 16. La polémica traspasó las fronteras españolas y se difundió a través de los medios de comunicación alemanes; los miembros del grupo político Los Verdes/Die Grünen tuvieron especial interés en servir de amplificador a estas suposiciones. La llegada de esta ola de acusaciones a Alemania, a principios de febrero de 1985, fue el detonante que alarmó a la empresa Bayer y le obligó a dar explicaciones para evitar poner en peligro la imagen corporativa de la multinacional química de Leverkusen. La documentación conservada en los archivos de la empresa alemana aporta nueva luz sobre esta polémica.
La experimentación humana con plutonio en España. Génesis y desarrollo del “Proyecto Indalo” (1966-2009)
Authors: Herrera Plaza José
Published: January 2023

En 1966 cayeron sobre los cielos de Palomares (Almería) cuatro bombas de hidrógeno; cada una sesenta y ocho veces más potentes que la de Hiroshima. Un bombardero estratégico B-52 colisionó con su avión nodriza. Tres cayeron en tierra y una en el mar. Dos de las que impactaron en tierra diseminaron su carga de plutonio (Pu239) por varios cientos de hectáreas. En el núcleo urbano y alrededores de Palomares fue abandonada la mayor parte del combustible nuclear. Al mismo tiempo, aprovecharon para dejar un laboratorio donde estudiar, a instancia de los Estados Unidos, la interacción del plutonio con las personas y el medioambiente a través del acuerdo secreto, denominado en clave “Proyecto Indalo”. El plutonio llevaba 26 años descubierto y se ignoraban sus consecuencias a largo plazo en el hombre. El objetivo del presente trabajo es el de dar a conocer cuáles fueron las condiciones, motivaciones, objetivos, génesis y desarrollo del Proyecto Indalo, independientemente de sus resultados. Se trata del proyecto de experimentación con humanos más dilatado y desconocido de la ciencia española, también uno de los más singulares, por el secreto que lo ha envuelto, debido a la ausencia de cualquier garantía bioética. Un proyecto creado a partir de una historia oficial ficticia, sustentada en una supuesta descontaminación completa, forjada en dictadura, pero mantenida durante 37 años en democracia. Para ello, contamos con la exposición y análisis de la reciente historiografía aparecida en español, la evidencia contenida en la documentación inédita del Departamento de Energía (DoE) de los EE.UU. y fuentes orales de los afectados.
Pedagogical Conditions for Soft Skills Formation among Younger Schoolchildren Based on the Cooperative Learning Method
Authors: Ilaeva Railya Anisovna
Published: January 2023

The aim of the study is to identify and experimentally test the pedagogical conditions for soft skills formation among younger schoolchildren based on the cooperative learning method. The paper presents the substantiation for these conditions and discusses the results of assessing the effectiveness of their implementation. Scientific novelty of the study lies in selecting and structuring the content of the extracurricular activities programme for soft skills formation among younger schoolchildren in the conditions of cooperative learning taking into account constructive foreign experience. The cooperative learning method was chosen as the central method of forming soft skills in younger schoolchildren, its use contributed to improving the effectiveness of the indicators of the process under consideration. As a result of analysing the data obtained, it has been proved that the proposed extracurricular activities programme for soft skills formation among younger schoolchildren based on the cooperative learning method helped to develop their creative and critical thinking, skills of effective interaction with others, as well as the abilities to solve situational tasks that determine the life success of primary school graduates.
K. D. Ushinsky as an Editor of the “Journal of the Ministry of Public Education” (on the 200thAnniversary of His Birth)
Authors: Pomelov Vladimir Borisovich
Published: January 2023

The aim of the study is to characterise the activities of Konstantin Dmitrievich Ushinsky (1823-1870) as an editor of the Journal of the Ministry of Public Education. The necessity of this publication is explained by the fact that the work of the great Russian teacher as an editor of the main pedagogical journal of Russia has not been reflected in modern papers by Russian scholars, as well as by the 200th anniversary of his birth. The study shows Ushinsky’s efforts to transform the journal, which had previously been a strictly official collection of orders and directives of the Ministry, as well as random special papers, into a printing centre that united progressive pedagogical forces in Russia. Ushinsky’s relationship with the Ministers of Public Education E. P. Kovalevsky and A. V. Golovnin, with some authors, such as I. S. Bellustin, is revealed. As a result, the conclusion about the importance of K. D. Ushinsky’s activities for the development of the progressive Russian pedagogical press is made and the need for further research of K. D. Ushinsky’s heritage is emphasised.
Conceptions of Continuous Professional Development of a Modern University Teacher
Authors: Alekseeva Polina Mikhailovna
Published: January 2023

The aim of the study is to propose a conception suitable for the professional development of a modern university teacher based on the analysis of existing conceptions of continuous professional development. The article discusses the conceptions of continuous professional development, analyses their relevance and the possibility of application for a university teacher. The scientific novelty of the study lies in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of each conception, considering in theory, at the conceptual level, the issues of professional development of a university teacher, as well as in proposing the author’s conception of continuous professional development of a university teacher. As a result of the study, an analysis of a number of the most famous conceptions of continuous professional development of domestic and foreign scientists was carried out and a conception was proposed, based on which it is possible to build a trajectory for the professional development of a university teacher.
Determination of Phosphorus Removal Mechanism in Aerated and Unaerated Steel Slag Filter System as Secondary Treatment System for Textile Industrial Wastewater
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Mohd Arshad Nur Ain Nazirah , Hamdan R. ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: January 2023

Phosphorus is the element that promotes growth in plant. However, over loading of phosphorus into surfaces water leads to severe environmental problems known as eutrophication. Improper treatments of phosphorus removal prior discharges from industrial effluent are one of the contributions to eutrophication. Textile effluent is one of the sources of phosphorus loading in surface water with concentration of 1-9 mg/L P. Since attentions are given in removing the color from the effluent, phosphorus is commonly ignored in wastewater treatment system. Thus, the study of phosphorus removal in textile wastewater is conducted using steel slag system filter under aerated (ASSF) and unaerated (USSF) condition. The systemwas set up for influent pHrange of 5.30-7.00 at primary treated wastewaterfor textile wastewaterunder aerated and unaerated condition. Sampling was done twice a week for 12 weeksand analyzed for Total phosphorus concentration. The Activated Carbon(ACF)filterin the existing treatment system is also sampled to compare the removal efficiency The USSFfilter shows better removal than ASSFfilter with46% to 70%of efficiency removal.Meanwhile, the removal efficiency of ASSF is 37% to 66%.The adsorbate formed in ASSF is analyzed using SEM-EDX and the precipitation formed in USSF is analyzed using XRD.This shows that steel slag filter provides promising result in phosphorus removal.
"Analysis of Drought Index in Sub-Urban Area Using Standard Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI)"
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Azman R.M.N.R. , Noor N.A.M. ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Abdullah S. ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Ideris M.M. ,   National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia
Published: January 2023

The climate change interference and increase of surface temperature have contributed to the changes at the atmosphere that give a significant effect to the availability of water. Malaysia is one of the countries which effected with this event and had been suffered series of drought events in 1997, 1998, and 2014. These problems contribute to the disruption of country’s economic development and quality of life. The using of drought indices for analytical is important and it can estimate the drought affect hat are being experienced accurately. The Standard Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) is one of the methods in determination of drought indices. Thus, the objective of this paper is to determine the drought index using the Standard Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) for sub-urban river basin which is Pahang River basin. The rainfall and potential evapotranspiration (PET) data were obtained from Malaysian Meteorological Department (Met Malaysia) starting from 1988 until 2018 in determining the SPEI value for sub-urban river basin. RStudio software are being used to determine the value of SPEI for different timescale, which is 3, and 12-month. The significant value of SPEI for the river basin are influence by the population, topography, rainfall, and land use. Findings from this study are believed to the mitigation can be proposed to the related organization to take an action in designing, planning, and managing the water supply and to prevent the serious impact on the agricultural and country economic development as well.
A Properties of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash (IFA) And Cement Used in The Manufacturing of New Inventive Blended Cement
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Mohamad Ibrahim Norlia , Che Amat Roshazita ,   Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Rahim Nur Liza ,   Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Sang Beri Izzatul Nurain Che ,   Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Mohammed Syakirah Afiza ,   Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Ahmad Zailani Warid Wazien ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA
Published: January 2023

Municipal solid waste incinerator fly (IFA) ash is prone to accumulate high concentration heavy metals. Due to the increasing costs to treat remaining fly ash at the landfill, a lot of research has been done to recycle IFA. This studywas focusing on the properties of IFA and cement as main raw materials in new inventive blended cement. The properties of blended cement were also being investigated. Properties of IFA and cement were examined through several test which includes density, specific gravity, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Loss of Ignition (LOI) and through Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test. The density test and LOI test were also being done for the blended cement. From the tests for IFA and cement, it can be found that density the density of fly ash and cementthat has been used for this study were found to be 0.76 g/cm3and 3.67 g/cm3respectively. Then, the specific gravity of fly ash and cementwere 1.69 and 2.98, accordingly. XRF results shows that both materialshave highest content of aluminium, silicaand iron, as expected. LOI of fly ash and cementwere found to be 17.33 % and 12.33 %, respectively.In terms of the leaching rates of heavy metals (Mn, Ni, Cd, Cr, Cu), only Cd leached at rate 2.39 mg/L, which is above the USEPA's regulatorylevel, 1.0 mg/L. 5 %, 10 % and 15 % of IFA was mixed with cement to produced blended cement. As the density of blended cement, it was found to be 1.12 g/cm3, 1.08 g/cm3and 1.09 g/cm3for each of 5 %, 10 % and 15 % of fly ash in blendedcement.
Using a neural network, radar and multispectral optical data of Sentinel-1,2 for the moisture monitoring of vegetation covered soil
Authors:   Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University Saratov, 410012, Russia, Saratov, pr-kt im. Petra Stolypina, 4, b. 3, Zeyliger A.M. , Muzalevskiy K.V. ,   Kirensky Institute of Physics SB RAS, 660036, Russia, Krasnoyarsk, Akademgorodok, 50, str. №38, Zinchenko E.V. ,   All Russia Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture, 400002, Russia, Volgograd, ul. im. Timiryazeva, 9, Ermolaeva O.S. ,   Russian State Agrarian University - MTAA named after Timiryazev, 127550, Russia, Moscow, str. Timiryazevskaya, 49
Published: January 2023

In this article, a method for the moisture monitoring of vegetation covered soil was proposed using neural network, radar and optical multispectral data of Sentinel-1,2. Test site was chosen in the Volgograd region at an agriculture field. The moisture retrieval algorithm is based on the use of a neural network to predict reflection coefficient of an electromagnetic wave from the soil, followed by inversion into soil moisture using a dielectric model that takes into account the soil texture. The input parameter of the neural network is the ratio of the microwave radar vegetation index (calculated on the basis of Sentinel-1 data) to the multispectral optical index (calculated on 8-11 channels of the Sentinel-2). Such way calculated index reveals a significantly greater dependence on soil moisture than on vegetation height. The retrieved values of soil moisture were compared with the moisture content of in-situ selected soil samples, which were measured under laboratory conditions by the thermostatic-weight method. The proposed method with a determination coefficient of 0.435 and a standard deviation of 2.4 % allows predicting the soil moisture content of a test area covered with vegetation, relative to soil moisture measured in-situ. The conducted research creates the scientific basis for a new all-weather technology for remote sensing the moisture content of agricultural soils as an element of the precision farming system.
Azerbaijan’s Social Inequality and Vulnerability to Environmental Hazards
Authors: Cervantes de Blois Chelsea L. , Tasch Jeremy , Abbasov Rovshan
Published: January 2023

Relating social inequality and vulnerability to environmental hazards is an especially challenging task in regions with a paucity of data. Researchers attempting to measure the potential environmental and human impacts of past and continuing industrial toxicity in Azerbaijan have often either questioned the reliability of environmental indicators disclosed by the state’s official statistics or found the government’s environmental and population data partial and incomplete. To contribute to a clearer description of the human impacts of toxic waste locations and to assist other researchers, we use a novel methodology. By overlaying data from Azerbaijan’s Toxic Site Identification Program (TSIP) onto national census population data – augmented with in-country interviews – we can map the inequitable distribution of infant mortality, unemployment, and toxic waste sites to better suggest some of the places and people in particular need of environmental mitigation and health, and economic intervention. This method is transferable to future research in the Caucasus, Eurasia, and other data- poor areas.
On the Edge of Time and Space: The Udis of Oghuz
Authors: Kavtaradze Alexander
Published: January 2023

This paper looks at the role of anthropological notions of time and space in the rituals, everyday life, discourse and the notable spaces of the Udi community in Oghuz (former Vartashen, Azerbaijan). This particular Udi community is examined through and studied within the context of the above-mentioned concepts. The text focuses on the local sacred plane tree, several chapels and narratives of the locals in relation to the concept of spacetime. This paper looks at how the idea of spacetime shapes the Udi community of Oghuz and its symbolic role in performing the identity within this community. Relying on ethnographic fieldwork in Oghuz and accompanying historical research, the paper shows the complex entanglement of spacetime narrative in the lives of the local Udis.
Searching for Democracy, Finding Nationalism
Authors: Sahakyan Naira
Published: January 2023

In May 2018 a democratic breakthrough occurred in Armenia known as the Velvet Revolution. The leader of the protests was Nikol Pashinyan, who after the resignation of Serzh Sargsyan became the prime minister of Armenia. Pashinyan’s coming to power coincidentally overlapped with the celebrations of the centennial of the First Republic of Armenia, which, particularly in the post-Soviet era, is largely considered to be the point marking the revival of Armenian statehood. Based on the congratulatory remarks and speeches by Pashinyan, this article argues that the leader of the Velvet Revolution used a language that united the principles of the First Republic with the ‘Velvet’ ideas. By drawing links between 1918 and 2018, Pashinyan claimed that the post-Velvet Armenia was regenerating the democratic values inherent to the pre-Soviet spirit of the Armenian people. This was a convenient strategy for Pashinyan for avoiding the image of the Revolution as an anti-Russian step supported by the West. Thus, during the celebrations of the First Republic, Pashinyan linked the idea of democracy to the First Republic of Armenia and represented the Velvet Revolution as a revival of the values that were suppressed during the Soviet era and the first decades of post-Soviet Armenia. However, by giving a narrow focus to the discourse of democracy which dominated the whole Caucasus region after the collapse of the Russian Empire, by representing Armenians as an elemental source of democracy and by linking their democratic breakthroughs with the notion of survival, Pashinyan elaborated a nationalist narrative rather than a democratic one.