bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LLIMONIIE: Large Language Instructed Model for Open Named Italian Information Extraction
Authors: Piano Leonardo , Pisu Alessia , Tiddia Sandro Gabriele , Carta Salvatore , Giuliani Alessandro , Pompianu Livio
Published: September 2024

The exponential growth of unstructured documents generated daily underscores the urgent need to develop technologies to structure information effectively. Traditional Information Extraction (IE) models permit transforming textual data to structured formats (e.g., semantic triplets), enabling efficient searches and uncovering hidden data insights. However, they require predefined ontologies and, often, extensive human efforts. On the other hand, Open IE tools extract information without any input knowledge, but they are limited in capturing entire and in-depth contexts. Furthermore, the state of the art presents a substantial discrepancy between the efforts carried out in English-centric methods and other low-resource languages. Our study addresses the aforementioned key challenges: the need for a high-performative human effort agnostic model and overcoming the lack of Italian IE resources. To this end, we introduce Open Named Information Extraction (ONIE), a novel approach to generalize IE across diverse domains without requiring input ontologies and capturing complex relationships. In this work, we propose LLIMONIIE, a novel end-to-end framework that leverages the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform ONIE from entire documents, able to uniformly extract Named Entities and Open Relations. Furthermore, we devised an innovative dataset generation methodology to support our research on Italian IE. The code and dataset are publicly available, contributing to the scientific community and development of low-resource languages. Experiments demonstrate the potential of LLIMONIIE, achieving competitive results compared to the actual Italian information extraction state of the art.
Sternalis Featuring Tendomuscular Fusion to the Contralateral Sternocleidomastoid: A Cadaveric Case Report
Authors: Kozlowski Benjamin , Lisk Kristina
Published: September 2024

Purpose To report the morphologic and spatial relationships of a bilateral sternalis muscle variant.Methods Routine cadaveric dissection in an undergraduate anatomy laboratory revealed two sternalis muscles parasternal to the sternal body. Subsequent fine prosection of the anterior thoracic wall and neck was carried out to uncover the soft tissue attachments of both sternalis muscles. Positional relationship to neighboring anterior thoracic and neck structures, and geometric dimensions of the muscle bellies and tendons, were documented.Results Both sternalis muscles were imbedded in the pectoral fascia, with their muscle fibers running obliquely to the midsternal line. The right sternalis muscle was notably larger in length, width, and thickness compared to the sternalis muscle on the left. The right sternalis muscle featured a distinct superior cord-like intermediate tendon that traversed superolateral and fused directly with the contralateral sternomastoid and sterno-occipital portions of the left sternocleidomastoid muscle. The superior tendon of the left sternalis muscle was aponeurotic and affixed to the cord-tendon of the right sternalis muscle. A distinct tendinous entheses for the sternal head for both sternocleidomastoid muscles were noted at the manubrial body.Conclusions This case report describes a unique bilateral sternalis muscle variant with conjoined sternocleidomastoid muscle integration. This anatomical description of a sternalis-sternocleidomastoid muscle morphology may supplement radiographic interpretations and support diagnostic accuracy.
Identification of key genes and immune characteristics of SASP in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Cai Hanlu , Zhang Huixue , Xin Guanghao , Peng Shanshan , Xu Fanfan , Zhang Nan , Li Yichen , Zhang Wei , Li Ying , Ren Yingjie , Wang Yu , Kong Xiaotong , Wang Lihua , Liu Zhaojun
Published: September 2024

Background: The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) is a key mechanism through which senescent cardiovascular cells contribute to plaque formation, instability, and vascular remodeling. However, the correlation between SASP and acute ischemic stroke (AIS), particularly its immune inflammation characteristics, remains underexplored and requires further elucidation.
Methods We downloaded the AIS database from the GEO database and obtained SASP genes from the SASP Atlas and related literature. Using two machine learning algorithms, we identified five hub genes. Unsupervised cluster analysis was performed on patients with AIS and DEGs separately to identify distinct gene clusters, which were then analyzed for immune characteristics. We then explored the related biological functions and immune properties of the hub genes by using various algorithms (GSEA, GSVA and CIBERSORT). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to generate SASP-related gene scores based on the expression of hub genes. A logistic regression algorithm was employed to establish an AIS classification diagnosis model based on the hub genes. Peripheral venous blood was collected for validation using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and hub protein expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry.
Results We identified five hub genes using two machine learning algorithms and validated them with RT-qPCR. Gene cluster analysis revealed two distinct clusters, SASP-related gene cluster B and differentially expressed gene cluster B, indicating that the acute AIS samples had more severe immune inflammatory response and a higher risk of disease deterioration. We constructed a gene-drug regulatory network for PIN1and established an AIS diagnostic model and nomogram using a logistic regression algorithm. Immunohistochemical analysis of thrombi from patients with AIS revealed the expression of PICALM and PIN1.
Conclusions This study explored the gene expression, molecular patterns, and immunological characteristics of SASP in patients with AIS using bioinformatics methods. It provides a theoretical basis and research direction for identifying new diagnostic markers for AIS, understanding the molecular mechanism of thrombosis, and improving the classification, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of AIS.
Determining the functional relationship between epigenetic and physical chromatin domains in Drosophila
Authors: Denaud Sandrine , Sabarís Gonzalo , Stefano Marco , Papadopoulos Giorgio-Lucio , Schuettengruber Bernd , Cavalli Giacomo
Published: September 2024

Eukaryotic genomes are hierarchically organized into topologically associating domains (TADs) that regulate genome function. In Drosophila, TADs strongly correlate with epigenetic domains marked by either active or repressive chromatin marks. This tight correlation may suggest causality between the deposition of the epigenomic marks and formation of TADs. However, it is still unknown whether the epigenome is a major driving force for TAD formation and structure and what is their functional importance. Here we directly address these questions by perturbing the position of Polycomb response elements (PREs), which act as nucleation sites for Polycomb group proteins (PcG) to deposit H3K27me3 and form epigenetic domains in the dac TAD. First, we remove the two PREs in the dac domain wiping out the H3K27me3 mark from the TAD and study the consequences on the physical property of the domain. Second, by shifting the position of one of the PREs, we create an ectopic PcG epigenetic domain and analyze how this affects TAD formation. Together, these two experimental perturbations indicate that, although TADs correlate very well with chromatin states in Drosophila, the epigenomic signature of Polycomb TADs does not play a causal role in the establishment of TADs. On the other hand, physical domains have an important impact on the formation of epigenetic domains, as they can restrict spreading of the repressive histone marks and of PRE loops.
Fabrication of 2D rod like structure MoO 3 anchored on 2D nitrogen rich sheet g-C 3 N 5 for improvised in visible light absorption for boosting photocatalytic degradation of Doxycycline
Authors: Ganesh Nithya Shree , Moses Filip Jones Benjamin , Mahendran Devi Satiya Kanagavel , Ramar Sivagurusundar , Rajagounder Nagarajan Erumaipatty
Published: September 2024

A novel MoO3@g-C3N5 was prepared by using hydrothermal method followed by ultrasonication ecological remediation. The materials were confirmed by using several analytical techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), UV–vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy (UV–vis DRS) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The photocatalytic performance of the MoO3@g-C3N5 samples was evaluated by measuring the degradation of Doxycycline (DOX) under visible light irradiation. The experimental studies confirm that the nanocomposite MoO3@g-C3N5 (10 wt.%) exhibits enhanced photocatalytic activity by the optimized percentage of g-C3N5 which increases the light harvesting ability as well as fast electron transfer and efficient charge separation. Therefore 94.4% breakdown efficiency of Doxycycline (DOX) was achieved with 70 min. Meanwhile, the scavenger experiment shows that •OH radical plays a predominate role in the degradation process. Even after five consequent cycles the catalyst exhibit excellent photocatalytic degradation. MoO3@g-C3N5nanocomposite exhibited good results, indicating that it might be an efficient photocatalytic material for environmental application.
Synthesis and application of carboxymethylated tamarind kernel gum (Fe loaded) based superabsorbent hydrogels to investigate the effect on marigolds plant growth
Authors: Sharma Anju , Sand Arpit
Published: September 2024

The iron implemented as SAH was modified by intermixing with Iron microelement in Itaconic acid and carboxymethylated tamarind kernel gum. Different types of samples were prepared for different compositions of SAH by changing the concentration of monomer, initiator and cross linker. Iron chloride was interpenetrated in the best swelled hydrogels for the release of iron as micronutrient. The characterization of synthesized hydrogel and modified FSAH was done by FTIR and SEM analysis. Different behaviors of synthesized hydrogels in terms of weather conditions and pH (3, 8, 10) of soil were studied. The swelling degree was studied by kinetic modeling of iron release and was studied using Higuchi model and Korsmeyer-Peppas model which represent that high number of regression coefficients (R2) more equal to one fitted well in the iron release pattern in water and soil. On the other hand, diffusion quotient (n) showed the Fickian diffusion model found for the procedure of iron release. The FSAH was used for the study of marigold plants. It was also found that the germinated population with FSAH is much higher as compared to without modified SAH.
Abstraction-based segmental simulation of reaction networks using adaptive memoization
Authors: Helfrich Martin , Andriushchenko Roman , Češka Milan , Křetinský Jan , Martiček Štefan , Šafránek David
Published: September 2024

Background: Stochastic models are commonly employed in the system and synthetic biology to study the effectsof stochastic fluctuations emanating from reactions involving species with lowcopy-numbers. Many important models feature complex dynamics, involving a state-space explosion, stiffness, and multimodality, that complicate the quantitative analysis needed to understand their stochastic behavior. Direct numerical analysis of such models is typically not feasible and generating many simulation runs that adequately approximate the model’s dynamics may take a prohibitively long time.
Results: We propose a new memoization technique that leverages a population\nobreakdash-based abstraction and combines previously generated parts of simulations, called \textit{segments}, to generate new simulations more efficiently while preserving the original system's dynamics and its diversity. Our algorithm adapts online to identify the most important abstract states and thus utilizes the available memory efficiently.
Conclusion: We demonstrate that in combination with a novel fully automatic and adaptive hybrid simulation scheme, we can speed up the generation of trajectories significantly and correctly predict the transient behavior of complex stochastic systems.
Characterization of Azo-dyes Degrading Microbes Isolated from Textile wastewater and Optimization of various Environmental Parameters
Authors: Khan Arshiya , Nayarisseri Anuraj , Singh Sanjeev Kumar
Published: September 2024

Azo dyes are highly recalcitrant, persistent, and toxic compounds, extensively used in the textile industry. The untreated discharge of dye effluents from the textile industry poses severe environmental and health risks. The objective of this research was to identify and characterize bacterial strains that effectively decolorize and degrade azo dyes widely used in textile industries (Mono azo dye Methyl red; diazo dye Direct yellow12, and triazo dye Acid Black 210) from textile waters. After subsequent screening of 89 isolates, the current research was able to identified 4 isolates as novel strains utilizing the 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique. The novel strains belonged to the Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Shewanella, and Priestia species. The unique sequences of these bacterial strains have been submitted to the GenBank database under the accession numbers “OQ202071”, “PP708911”, “PP708909” and “PP086977” respectively. A thorough assessment of physiochemical parameters was conducted to optimize for maximum decolorisation for all four strains. Further, to proceed enzyme study and statistical optimization of Priestia Flexa species was conducted. A Central composite design (CCD) and Response surface methodology (RSM) have been applied for synergistic effects of process parameters, namely pH, initial dye concentration, and temperature on the decolorisation of the model dyes. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was further employed to analyze and confirm the degradation of the three dyes.
Impact of Sustainability Practices and Green Leadership on Organizational Performance and Corporate Image: Evidence from Saudi Enterprises
Authors: Karawya Hassan
Published: September 2024

The main objective of the study was to identify the impact of sustainability practices and green leadership on organizational performance and corporate image in Saudi enterprises. The researcher relied on the descriptive analytical method as a research methodology. The sample consisted of (364) individuals from Saudi companies who were selected using a systematic random technique. The researcher formulated a questionnaire as the main tool for collecting data from the study sample. The findings of the study revealed that there were statistically significant positive effects of sustainability practices and green leadership dimensions on organizational performance and corporate image in Saudi enterprises. The researcher recommended establishing internal policies that encourage sustainable practices and motivate the adoption of responsible environmental, economic, and social behaviours.
Automated Evaluation of Expert-Like Discussion Patterns in Large Language Models for Intertextual Analysis
Authors: Pavlov Samaj , Devereaux Rafael
Published: September 2024

Automated systems capable of generating human-like text have become increasingly relevant in fields requiring complex intellectual synthesis. Intertextual analysis, which involves identifying and integrating references from prior works into new content, presents a unique challenge for automated systems due to the complexity and depth of the reasoning required. The concept of employing models to simulate expert-level intertextuality represents a novel approach, offering significant advantages in terms of efficiency and accuracy, especially in academic and literary contexts. This study evaluated the performance of Mistral Large, an advanced language model, in generating expert-like intertextual responses across diverse prompt types. The model demonstrated strong capabilities in maintaining thematic consistency, structural coherence, and citation accuracy, particularly when tasked with complex intellectual prompts. Results revealed that while the model successfully replicated expert discussion patterns and intertextual references, it was limited in generating novel interpretations or critical insights beyond the scope of its pre-trained corpus. Overall, the findings highlight both the potential and limitations of automated intertextual analysis, providing valuable insights into the future integration of such systems in academic writing and intellectual content generation.
Prevalence and Anatomical Significance of the Persistent Median Artery: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Ellis Connor , Thibault Drew , Lencke Josh , Hemric Laurieanne D.
Published: September 2024

Purpose
The median artery is the initial, yet transient, vascular supply to the palm originating from the brachial artery during development. This artery generally regresses as radial and ulnar arterial supply become prominent; however, this regression does not always occur. This study seeks to illuminate the prevalence of the persistent median artery in the adult population, as well as describe the vascular consequences secondary to the presence of this artery.
Methods
Antebrachial and palmar dissections were performed on 56 adult cadavers (112 upper extremities). Prevalence of palmar and antebrachial-type persistent median artery were recorded separately. Arterial diameters of radial and ulnar arteries were measured and statistically examined with and without the co-presence of a persistent median artery.
Results
A persistent median artery was present in 43% of the upper limbs included in this study. 28% of the population were of the antebrachial-type, while 15% were of the palmar-type. The overall mean arterial diameters of the radial artery were 3.13 mm (± 0.57 mm; n = 52) without any persistent median artery present, compared to 3.09 mm (± 0.56 mm; n = 34) with persistent median artery co-presence. The mean diameters for the ulnar artery were 2.75 mm (± 0.53 mm; n = 53) without co-presence of persistent median artery and 2.86 mm (± 0.65 mm; n = 36) with co-presence.
Conclusion
This and other studies have demonstrated the prevalence of this persisting embryologic artery to be quite high. An understanding of the characteristics and significance of this artery in the adult population is necessary to surgeons operating on the carpal tunnel or distal antebrachium.
Approaches to anticancer therapy based on modulation of DNA methylation
Authors: Maksimova V. P. , Makus J. V. , Popova V. G. , Usalka O. G. , Belitsky G. A. , Yakubovskaya M. G. , Kirsanov K. I.
Published: September 2024

Background. DNA methylation is a crucial mechanism of epigenetic regulation of transcription. Disturbances in DNA methylation mechanism are associated with various malignancies such as acute myeloid leukaemia, breast cancer, prostate cancer, etc. Influencing the functional status of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) enzymes and TET family proteins (TETs), which regulate DNA methylation and demethylation, is the basis of epigenetic anticancer therapy approach. In this review, we have considered the challenges and prospects of nucleoside and non-nucleoside inhibitors of DNMTs as well as TETs inhibitors. The results of clinical trials on the efficacy of DNMTs inhibitors used individually and as part of combination chemotherapy conducted over the last 15 years are also evaluated. Material and Methods. Sources were searched in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, eLibrary, CyberLeninka. More than 700 publications were used in the analysis, but the review included mainly works of the last 10 years. A number of articles published earlier than 2015 were used for historical reference. Results. The review provides information on current advances in the development and study of epigenetically active compounds whose action is aimed at the regulation of DNA methylation. Data on the in vitro and in vivo effects of agents considered for use in the therapy of various malignancies are presented. In addition, the data of clinical trials of the most promising epigenetic modulators are presented.
Experimental and clinical combined photodynamic therapy for malignant and premalignant lesions using various types of radiation
Authors: Romanko Y. S. , Reshetov I. V.
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study was to present various types of radiation that can increase the effectiveness of combined photodynamic therapy (PDT) for malignant and premalignant lesions. Material and Methods. The Web of Science, Scopus, MedLine, Library, and RSCI databases were used for finding publications on this topic, mainly over the last 10 years. Of 230 sources, 64 were included in the review. Results. Photodynamic therapy is a new cancer treatment technology that has become increasingly popular in recent years. It is often an alternative method of treating cancer when there is a high risk of side effects and complications during traditional treatments such as surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. PDT requires a photosensitizer, light energy, and oxygen to create reactive oxygen species that destroy cancer cells. This review examines the basic principles and mechanisms of PDT used alone and in combination with other traditional therapies. Despite the fact that PDT is an effective and non-invasive cancer treatment, it has some limitations, such as low light penetration depth, ineffective photosensitizers and tumor hypoxia. Our study examines new strategies that use other energy sources, such as infrared- and x-rays, ultrasound, as well as electric and magnetic fields, to enhance the PDT effect and overcome its limitations. Great hopes are also associated with the use of a combination of PDT and neutron capture therapy (NСT). Currently, chlorin derivatives associated with boron carriers have been developed. They can be used for both fluorescence diagnostics and PDT, as well as for NСT. The synthesized compounds have a high selectivity of accumulation in the tumor. To date, encouraging preclinical results of high efficiency of combined use of NСT and PDT have already been obtained. Conclusion. Combination with various energy sources is a key factor for further development of PDT. Future research aimed at overcoming the limitations of PDT will contribute to unlocking the full potential of this technology in clinical practice.
Nephronsparing surgery for retroperitoneal sarcomas
Authors: Ryabov A. B. , Chaika A. V. , Khomyakov V. M. , Alexandrov O. A. , Kostrygin A. K. , Sobolev D. D. , Pogosyan G. S. , Arzumanov S. V. , Vorobyov N. V. , Cheremisov V. V. , Utkina A. B.. , Aksenov S. A. , Makurina M. P. , Salimzyanov K. I.
Published: September 2024

Objective: to clarify the indications for the use of nephron-sparing technologies in surgical treatment of patients with retroperitoneal sarcomas. Material and Methods. The study included 64 patients with primary retroperitoneal sarcomas with kidney and renal pedicle invasion, who underwent surgical treatment in the Thoracic-abdominal Department of the P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute from 2010 to 2021. Twenty-one patients underwent nephrectomies, and 43 patients underwent nephron-sparing surgery. The morphological profile of sarcomas, age and gender of the patients, feasibility of using nephron-sparing technologies, postoperative complications, and long-term outcomes in patients of both groups were analyzed. Results. Forty-three patients with primary retroperitoneal sarcomas with invasion of the renal parenchyma, ureter, and renal pedicle underwent nephron-sparing surgery (precision mobilization of the kidney, ureter and vascular structures of the kidney from tumor tissue, kidney resection, ureteral stenting, resection of the renal vein orifices, resection of the ureters, and kidney autotransplantation). Postoperative complications were observed in 19.0 % of nephrectomy group patients (4 pts: II, IIIB, IV and V types according to Clavien–Dindo) and in 30.2 % of nephron-sparing group patients (15 pts: types II – 8, IIIA – 1, IIIB – 3, IV – 1). No statistical differences in the relapse-free period and survival time between two groups were observed. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 84.1 %, 65.9 %, and 51.4 %, respectively. Multifactorial analysis showed that mortality increased significantly in patients over 64 years of age and was associated with both disease recurrence and concomitant pathology (p=0.009). There was also a trend toward decreased survival in patients with leiomyosarcoma (p=0.066). Conclusion. In retroperitoneal sarcomas, tumor resection with preservation of organs and structures not directly invaded by the tumor is the optimal surgical strategy. Nephron-sparing technologies do not worsen both immediate and long-term treatment outcomes. For leiomyosarcoma, tumor resection with nephrectomy is the most suitable approach.
Agricultural Value Chains and Gender in the Post-reform Era
Authors: TUSHABOMWE Denis , MPIIMA David Mugambe
Published: September 2024

This article systematically reviewed literature on agricultural market reforms, value chains and gender, selected from Global South developing countries to generate evidence on the changes in smallholder agricultural value chains and gender relations, following liberalization reforms. The study specifically aimed to; identify and critically analyse previous attempts to categorize agricultural value chains; and provide new value chain categorizations and associated gender relations. We found that only 5% of the reviewed 60 publications have attempted to categorize agricultural value chains, however with no consideration of gender relations. A new value chain typology has been provided as: “Traditional”, Digitally-led”, “Group-led” and “Firm-led” value chains, respectively basing on 13%, 35%, 32%, and 24% of the publications. With regard to gender relations, the main finding was that unequal gender relations are inherent in all forms of value chains but tend to be experienced differently by value chain actors –men and women – depending on the type of value chain. The commonly identified underlying factors for gender inequality included; patriarchal structures that bestow upon men decision-making power and control over production resources mostly land. Related were social norms that confine women to the domestic realm, proscribe their mobility and participation in higher value chain nodes and farmer groups. Lastly were gender disparities in education, skills and income leading to differences in access, ownership and use of ICTs. From the results, we note that inasmuch as different forms of value chains present some opportunities for actors, the evolution in smallholder value chains continues to engender equality challenges, mostly affecting women.  We contributed to filling the knowledge gap on transformations in post-reform value chains and its effect on gender relations.
3D PRINTING: A COMFORTING PROSPECT IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY
Authors: Banerjee Shubham , Jedika Shipra , , Sikha , Samanta Udita , . Meenakshi
Published: September 2024

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a rapidly developing technology that has gained extensive acceptance and application in dentistry. It is also known as additive manufacturing (AM), rapid prototyping or layered manufacturing. The term 3D printing is generally used to describe a manufacturing approach that builds an object by laying down one layer at a time, adding multiple layers. To meet the needs and requirements for pediatric dental patients, Pediatric dentistry is advancing and shifting towards better to perform dental treatment effectively and efficiently. Among these advancements concept of 3D printing has recently emerged. This article provides an overview of 3d printing: a comforting prospect in pediatric dentistry and its application in pediatric dentistry.
ORGAN WEIGHT VARIATIONS IN CASES OF DROWNING IN FRESH WATER IN COMPARISION WITH NON-DROWNING DEATHS
Authors:   Assisstant Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, Dr. Somervell Memorial C.S.I Medical College, Karakonam, Thiruvananthapuram., Ebeneezar Saritha , Vijayakumar P. ,   Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, MES Medical College, Perinthalmanna, Malappuram., Prajith T.M ,   Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, Government Medical College, Manjeri, Malappuram.
Published: September 2024

Background: Diagnosis of drowning as a cause of death still remains a challenge in forensic pathology due to scanty pathognomic signs. Traditional diagnostic methods have shown limitations, prompting interest and pursuit on alternative approaches. One such approach involves analysing the weight of internal organs, particularly the lungs and spleen, to provide additional supportive evidence. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the variations in organ weights in wet fresh water drowning cases compared to deaths due to other causes and assess the utility of the drowning index as a diagnostic tool. Methods: The study analyzed the findings in 245 cases,that were brought to the Department of Forensic Medicine, Government Medical College, Kozhikode for medico-legal autopsy. It included 83 cases of hanging, 71 cases of wet fresh water drowning and 91 cases of traumatic brain injury. Lung, spleen and other organ weights were measured using an electronic scale. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 18 with focus on comparative analysis across the different types. Results: The results showed a significant increase in weight of lungs and a decrease in spleen weight in persons who had died of drowning when compared to other causes of death. However, the drowning index, though elevated in drowning cases, did not consistently surpass the established diagnostic threshold, suggesting variability and potential limitations in its application as a reliable diagnostic marker. Conclusion: Variations in weights of lungs and spleen can provide valuable clues in the diagnosis of drowning, but their diagnostic utility as a stand alone criteria is limited to a certain extent by case-to-case variability. The drowning index demonstrates potential as a supplementary diagnostic tool but requires further validation through more extensive studies to improve its reliability and accuracy.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND GREEN GOVERNANCE THROUGH PARTCIPATORY DEMOCRACY
Authors:   Assistant Professor (Law) Government Law CollegeThrissur, Kerala, India., Jyothi Joseph Mary
Published: September 2024

Mahatma Gandhis vision of Gram Swaraj underscores the significance of self-sufficient and autonomous village communities, with anemphasis on the provision of clean drinking water, sanitation, and healthcare as essential elements of sustainable development and progress. The Panchayat Raj Act of 1994 was enacted by states to strengthen participatory democracy in India by conferring constitutional legitimacy to gram panchayats and establishing a three-tier structure of local self-governance at the village, block, and district levels. The implementation of the Panchayat Raj Act has, however, faced numerous challenges. There exists a disconnect between the planners and the implementers, the visionaries and the executors, and the administrators and the community at large, which has undermined the efficacy of this system designed to ensure grassroots democracy. This article is an attempt to redress the issues of sustainable development from grassroot level, the hope is that this will be an eye opener for the government to effectively fund and realise that green governance is the key factor for sustainable development and it can be best achieved through the local self-government institutions.
RAPID AND AN EFFICIENT ONE-POT THREE-COMPONENT SYNTHESIS OF ISOXAZOLES PROMOTED BY CAS
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Government Degree College, Dornala, A.P, India, 523331., Prathap K. , D.V.L. Sirisha ,   Department of Chemistry, PRISM PG & amp DG College (Affiliated to Andhra University), Visakhapatnam, India, 530016., B.V. Durgarao ,   Department of DFS (Chemistry), ONGC, RJY, AP, India, 533105., N. Krishnarao ,   Department of Chemistry, PRISM PG & amp DG College (Affiliated to Andhra University), Visakhapatnam, India, 530016., Lakhman Shaik ,   GSS, GITM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, India.
Published: September 2024

A straightforward, practical, and economical process for producing isoxazole derivatives is described. It makes use of ethylacetoacetate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and substituted aromatic aldehydes with promoted camphor sulfonic acid as a catalyst in a solvent. No toxic organic solvents are used in the current procedure. Shortest reaction time, high product yields, easy work-up process, and non-chromatographic product purification are only a few of this catalysts encouraging reaction response characteristics. The derivatives of desired compounds were analyzed advanced spectroscopic data by 1H NMR, 13CNMR and mass spectrometry was used to verify the products structures. Products were chosen, and their antibacterial activity was examined.
THE INNOVATION PERFORMANCE OF SMES IN CHINA
Authors:   Graduate School, Angeles University Foundation, Philippine., Yun Yang , C. Yturralde Chere ,   Professor, Graduate School, Angeles University Foundation, Philippine.
Published: September 2024

In the context of innovation and development of SMEs, improving innovation performance has become the key to the future breakthrough of SMEs. The article describes the definition of innovation performance by Chinese scholars, the existing dimensions of innovation performance, and the factors affecting it. It has been found, however, that there are fewer existing studies on the innovation performance of SMEs. This paper concludes that Chinese SMEs innovation behavior can increase their innovation performance, hence increasing their competitiveness. Breakthrough innovation focuses on revolutionary invention, whereas progressive innovation focuses on improvement. As a result, adequate emphasis should be given to the study of SMEs innovative behavior.
Javanese-Islamic Mysticism In Serat Nitisruti By Prince Karanggayam
Authors: Ansori Bahroon , Taufiq Thiyas Tono
Published: September 2024

Javanese-Islamic mysticism believes that humans can find God (in union with Him) through wisdom. The concepts are similar to Sufism, such as Ittiḥād, ḥulūl, and Waḥdat al-wujūd. This study aims to discover the formulation of Javanese-Islamic mysticism teachings in Serat Nitisruti by Prince Karanggayam. The primary data were obtained from Javanese manuscripts, namely Serat Nitisruti, compiled by Prince Karanggayam (1591-1612 AD), from the early days of Pajang to the end of Pajang (controlled by Mataram). Prince Karanggayam was the first poet and an Islamic preacher in Pajang. This study applies the cultural analysis of Koentjaraningrat. The results show that Javanese-Islamic mysticism in Serat Nitisruti has four stages; purification of kapti (heart), atunggal marang Gusti (union with God), nugrahaning widhi (God’s blessing), and the last is application stage, i.e., managing the world or doing actual actions. If someone can reach the third stage, he deserves to be called waskitha. However, if those stages are not completed with the application stage, the result will be imperfect. Therefore, Javanese-Islamic mysticism has its reasoning and logic by Javanese society at that time, namely, ngelmu kanthi laku; knowledge must be accompanied by actual actions.Contribution: This study uncovers the teachings of the spiritual journey based on local wisdom among Javanese Muslims, as contained in Serat Nitisruti, which Prince Karanggayam compiled.
God in Awe and Intimacy: Jewish and Muslim Perspectives on Understanding and Pronouncing the Name(s) of God and its Relation to the Humanitarian Crisis
Authors: Yuliyanti Nanik
Published: September 2024

The concept of God is essential for both Jews and Muslims. Instead of using the terms Judaism and Islam, this study considers the terms Jews/Jewish and Muslims as more proper to focus on human beings as the subject of religion who are open to dialogue and change. Loving God’s creations is a process of loving the Creator. Thus, this study tries to connect Jewish and Muslim understanding and belief in God’s Names and its implications for their actions concerning the humanitarian crisis, especially today’s Israel-Palestine relationship. This study applies the content and comparative analysis of the texts (documents, videos, and pictures) related to the issue, along with the teachings of Isaac Luria and Mulla Sadra. In addition, a phenomenological approach is also used as it leads to an effort to understand religious thought and behavior from the point of view of the religious person. This study revealed that how humans understand Divine Names is manifested in how they treat each other. As human beings are the best manifestation of God, how we see, treat, and interact with others reflects our understanding of God’s names and vice versa. God’s names are all beautiful. Therefore, those who believe in God will do good to themselves, others, and the universe.Contribution: This study provides insight into a correlation between one’s beliefs and actions among Jews and Muslims. One’s actions reflect one’s understanding of God and vice versa. Also, how we can try to stay physically, mentally and spiritually strong amidst the happening conflicts and chaos through the reflection on the topic.
A one-dimensional higher-order dynamic modeling method for thin-walled beams with circular cross-sections
Authors: Zeng Tao , Zhang Lei , Zhu Yuhang
Published: September 2024

This paper addresses the construction of a dynamical model for a thin-walled beam with circular cross-section in the framework of one-dimensional higher-order beam theory. And a method for pattern recognition of circular thin-walled structures is proposed based on principal component analysis. Initially, a set of equal length linear segments are defined to discretize the mid-line of a circular section. Preliminary deformation modes of thin-walled structures, defined over the cross-section through kinematic concept, are parametrically derived through changing the discretization degree of the section. Next, the generalized eigenvectors are derived from the governing equations, and the characteristic deformation modes of circular sections with different discretization degrees are solved based on principal component analysis. In addition, a reduced higher-order model can be obtained by updating the initial governing equations with a selective set of cross-section deformation modes. The features include further reducing the number of degree of freedoms (DOFs) and significantly improving computational efficiency while ensuring accuracy. For illustrative purposes, the versatility of the procedure is validated through both numerical examples and comparisons with other theories.
Trace the evolution path of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment technology based on a patent perspective
Authors: Huang Chunling , Sun Haoyu , Liu Yujing , Yuan Hongmei
Published: September 2024

This paper discusses the research hotspots and future development trends of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment technology, in order to provide valuable reference and guidance to promote the development of technology. First, the search path counting (SPC) algorithm is utilized to identify the global main path to perform a preliminary analysis of the technology evolution path from a macro perspective. Second, according to the life cycle, S-curve divides the time windows of the temporal themes and uses the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) modeling to identify the themes under each time window. Then, a visualized Sankey diagram is generated to determine the evolutionary relationship, which can be supplemented with the paths of technological evolution from the micro point of view. Finally, six research hotspots of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment technology were found, which are compounding agents, advanced oxidation technology, nanomaterials, artificial intelligence (AI) technology, membrane pollution prevention, and various combinations of wastewater treatment technology. The study also predicted its future development direction.
Study on the effect of modified Fe3O4@SiO2@PAC magnetic seeds on magnetic flocculation separation of ballast water sediments
Authors: Shi Yue , Ye Jiancheng , Lu Zheng , Shi Hang , Zhang Jianpeng , Zhao Chen , Li Qiangqiang , Ding Fuxing , Li Chuanhui
Published: September 2024

In this study, modified Fe3O4@SiO2@PAC magnetic seeds were prepared to explore the separation efficiency and mechanism of algae and particles in high-turbidity ballast water under different influencing factors. The results showed that when the mass ratio of Fe3O4@SiO2 and PAC was 1:3, the removal rate of algae and turbidity was increased by 20 and 15.7% compared with the unmodified magnetic seed. When the dosage of magnetic seed was 217.5 mg/L, the stirring time was 129.2 s, the stirring speed was 211.6 r/min, and the pH was 8, the removal rates of turbidity and algae were 83.23 and 97.85%, respectively. The removal rates of algae and turbidity by the secondary magnetic seeds after compounding reached 97.8 and 96.57% of the first utilisation. Through scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and the adsorption kinetics model, it was found that the magnetic seed removed algae and turbidity through electrostatic adsorption generated by PAC. Among them, the role of SiO2 as an intermediate layer is to make PAC a better composite on the magnetic seed so that it can play the greatest role.
Palynological characterization of succulents of the families Asphodelaceae and Asteraceae
Authors: Júlia Rocha Pereira  , Denise Monique Dubet da Silva Mouga
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to analyze palynologically succulent species: Asphodelaceae: Haworthia chloracantha Haw., Haworthia cymbiformis (Haw.) Duval, Haworthia limifolia (=Haworthiopsis limifolia) Marloth and Asteraceae: Othonna capensis LH Bailey and Senecio peregrinus Griseb. Closed buds were preserved in acetic acid, the acetolyzed grains were arranged on microscope slides, and 50 pollen grains of each species were photographed. Using light optical microscopy, measurements were made of each grain in the polar and equatorial views, in micrometers (µm). For scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the anthers were macerated on microscope slides to release the grains, which were metallized with gold-palladium and photographed. In Asphodelaceae, the grains are monads, monosulcate, medium to large in size, elliptical in scope, bilaterally symmetric, heteropolar, with foveolate, ornamentation microreticulate, perforated, mean exine thickness 1.98-1.42-2.21 micrometers. In Asteraceae, the grains are monads, tricolporate, medium in size, circular to subcircular in scope, radially symmetric, isopolar, oblate-spheroidal and prolate-spheroidal in shape, with perforated echinate ornamentation, average exine thickness 4.08-4.41 micrometers. The pattern of the grains of Haworthia are in line with literature of Asphodelaceae, although the verrucate exine was not observed in this study. For Othonna and Senecio, the echinate ornamentation and thicker exine are in line with the pattern of the Asteraceae.
To Elucidate the Effective Role of Small Molecule Regulated lncRNAs in the Tumour Microenvironment in Immunotherapy
Authors: Al-Qaysi Ahmed Saad Abdullah , Alkan Ayşe Hale , Gadashli İbrahim , Cansaran-Duman Demet
Published: September 2024

The tumour microenvironment is a complex ecosystem comprising tumour
cells, and cancer stem cells, and support cells that facilitate cancer growth and escape
from treatment. Cancer immunotherapy focuses on immunological pathways such as
PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 to target cancer stem cells via immune cells. Small
molecules, immune checkpoint inhibitors, are employed to impede tumour growth by targeting
cellular mediators in the cell cycle and tumour microenvironment. Long non-coding
RNAs (lncRNAs) affect the growth, development, motility, and differentiation of
cancer cells by regulating gene expression and are therefore considered important biomarkers.
Small molecules demonstrate their effects on gene expression and behaviour of
cancer cells by inducing lncRNAs. This relationship between lncRNAs and small
molecules is of great importance in terms of their impact on cancer and the tumour microenvironment.
The evaluation of this communication in clinical trials is of critical importance
for the development of therapeutic strategies. This review provides a detailed
description of the role of lncRNAs and small molecules in the tumour microenvironment
and their relationship with cancer stem cells. Thus, the potential of controlling lncRNAs
and using anti-cancer small molecules in TME to improve the efficacy of cancer
therapy was evaluated.
Strategies for Removing Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) from Wastewater
Authors: Sarkar Sayanee , Zafar Ayesha , Paul Sourav , Das Bishal , Biswas Deepika , Roy Panda Jigisha
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Endocrine-disrupting drugs, also called endocrine disruptors or micropollutants,
cause serious environmental and public health problems due to their ability to
disrupt the endocrine functions of organisms and humans, even at low concentrations. This report
provides a summary of current removal techniques, such as activated sludge processes,
membrane filtration, adsorption, and membrane bioreactor techniques for endocrine-disrupting
chemicals, including their efficiency, limitations, and practical implementation.

Methods:

This review evaluates these methods by considering their treatment efficiency, costs,
and environmental impact. To curb this menace, several developed countries have distinct strategies,
such as physical remediation techniques, biological processes, phytoremediation, and
chemical processes to remove endocrine disruptors.

Results:

In developing nations, most conventional wastewater treatment plants do not even monitor
those contaminants due to the low biodegradability and high complexity of such compounds.

Conclusion:

Hence, in this review work, potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals, their impacts,
mechanisms of action, consequences for human health, and bio-mitigation strategies reported so
far have been discussed in the context of the relevant literature.
Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Ingle Pravinkumar , Lee Yen Ling , Wong Xin Yun , Tan Sok Pei , Lim Ee Jun , Chin Mei Yu , Shu Zhen Michelle Chieng , binti Safian Nurul Hasyanazifa , Hatware Ketan
Published: September 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological condition associated with a decrease in levels
of acetylcholine and diminished cholinergic functions. This may be caused by the degeneration of
cholinergic neurons in the brain, leading to cognitive deficits. Due to the difficulty and invasiveness
of collecting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) required for assessing conventional biomarkers, researchers
are currently exploring less intrusive, less expensive, and more straightforward methods for diagnosing
AD. Additionally, conventional interventions such as cholinesterase inhibitors like rivastigmine,
donepezil, and galantamine are US FDA-approved drugs that are still effective for managing AD.
The goal of this therapy is to increase acetylcholine levels in the brain by inhibiting the enzymes that
degrade acetylcholine. Therefore, this therapeutic approach is useful for treating mild-to-moderate
AD. However, only symptomatic treatment is currently available, and it can lead to serious adverse
effects from conventional therapy. Thus, novel therapies for AD are needed in a growing global
population. This manuscript provides information on various biomarkers with possible pathogenesis
mechanisms, novel treatment strategies such as microalgae, HupA, cannabinoids, and the beneficial
effects of coenzyme Q10, bacterial probiotics, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin B12, and D3 in memory
impairment for managing AD. Non-pharmacological treatments such as music therapy, Electroacupuncture
(EA), or manual acupuncture (MA) also play an important role in enhancing the effectiveness
of conventional pharmacological treatments for AD.