bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the relationship between students’ systems thinking and time perspective
Authors:   I.G. Petrovsky Bryansk State University, Artyukhov Andrey I. , Eliseeva Elena V. , Chispiyakov Sergey V. , Sorokina Marina M. , Tasoeva Ekaterina V.
Published: March 2024

At the present stage of development of society, a holistic perception of the picture of the world, the ability to comprehensively consider the information received, analyze issues related to various fields of science and practice, and the possession of a systematic style of thinking when solving problems are important aspects for a scientist and specialist. Therefore, the problem of developing the systems thinking of a student, as a future specialist, with a different time perspective is very relevant. In the present study, experimental methods were used to determine the level of development of systems thinking and the time perspective of respondents, who were students of Bryansk State University named after academician I.G. Petrovsky. The results of calculating the Kruskal-Wallis criterion confirmed the hypothesis put forward in the study that there is a connection between the level of development of an individual’s systemic thinking and his time perspective. The scientific novelty of the presented work lies in a comprehensive study of the phenomenon of ‘systems thinking’ of students with different time perspectives, the results of which can form the basis of a program of psychological and pedagogical support for the development of systems thinking of future specialists.
Philosophical picture of the world and the place of ontology in the educational process
Authors:   Bryansk State Technical University, Popkova Natalia V.
Published: March 2024

The main features of the philosophical picture of the world are considered as a necessary component of a holistic worldview, the formation of which is one of the main goals of philosophy as an educational subject. It is shown that ontology (a branch of philosophy that develops a picture of the world) is currently on the periphery of both philosophical research and public attention. Doubts are expressed about the relevance of traditional categories of ontology; it is proposed to abandon the philosophical picture of the world constructed with their help and limit ourselves to the scientific picture of the world, which is already proposed by scientists on the basis of a metascientific synthesis. Nevertheless, the scientific picture of the world is objective, that is, it is devoid of value guidelines – a necessary component of a worldview. Therefore, the article analyzes the differences between the scientific and philosophical picture of the world and shows that in order to implement the ideological function of philosophy when teaching it, the study of traditional categories of ontology is required. They remain the basis for the formation of a worldview that determines a person’s place in the world and the boundaries of his activities.
Activities of Khoresm women on the fronts of the World War II
Authors:   Urgench State University, Allaberganov Sherali Yu.
Published: March 2024

This article highlights the activities of women of the Khorezm region in the ranks of the army and on the battlefield during the Second World War. The author points out that, along with all the republics of the USSR, the Uzbek SSR was also involved in the war, cite the number of people mobilized to the front from the Uzbek SSR, and then focus on those who went to war from the Khorezm region. The article cites as an example the courage of Khorezm women of different nationalities who served at the front and received ranks. The names of women from Khorezm who went to war and did not return, as well as information about them are given. In the article, the author refers to unpublished materials (archival documents of the Department of Defense Affairs of the Khorezm region, books of registration of participants in the war, accounting records). The author covers the topic in detail using documents from the archival fund of the Khorezm Defense Department, which have not been introduced into scientific circulation. These documents provide preliminary information about the activities of women who went to war from Khorezm. Analyzing the documents, the authors identified the names of about 350 women who left the region for the war. They prove the erroneousness of the information given in the studies conducted in Uzbekistan until 2020, that 47 women from the region took part in the war. Also, as a suggestion, in order to immortalize the memory of these women in the heroic struggle against fascism, the necessity of creating new works of fiction, films, plays together with multi-volume Books of Memory, monographs, brochures is substantiated.
Vl.S. Soloviev and “Novoye Vremya”: Genre diversity of philosophical journalism
Authors:   Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zakharova Elizaveta M.
Published: March 2024

The traditional connection between philosophy, literature and journalism in Russian culture has led to increased interest in issues of social development, the meaning of human existence, morality and ethics on the pages of small periodicals, weekly and daily newspapers. Often judgments about new trends in literature (F. Bulgakov, N. Engelhardt, P. Weinberg, etc.) turned into independent philosophical and journalistic statements. The article updates the term “philosophical journalism” in the context of the turn of the 19th–20th centuries. The specificity and genre diversity of this phenomenon are revealed through the analysis of texts associated with the name of Vl. Solovyov in the newspaper “Novoye Vremya”. In this regard, special attention is paid to the controversy between S. Syromyatnikov and P. Parensov, which reflects not only the perception of the ideological and philosophical system of Vl. Solovyov by the authors of a popular periodical, but mainly one of the ways of forming philosophical journalism of the Silver Age. 510 issues of the newspaper “Novoye Vremya” (November–December 1902, February–December 1903, February–May 1904) were selected as sources.
About two episodes of a debate between “Rech” and “Novoye Vremya”: Literature between ethics and religion
Authors:   Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Andrushchenko Elena A.
Published: March 2024

The article considers the letters of V.P. Burenin, A.S. Suvorin and newspaper articles to investigate two episodes of a debate between the newspapers “Rech” and “Novoye vremya” in 1906 and 1911 regarding antisemitism. It is shown that the literary section of “Rech” was, at first, only discovering its own voice and attitude to “Novoye vremya”’s publications. In his response to S.I. Smirnova’s feuilleton “Black Hundred” (1906), A.S. Izgoev attributed her justification of the pogromists to her deceitfulness and loyalty to the authorities. When A.S. Suvorin’s newspaper published an antisemitic piece in 1911, signed by A. St-n [A.A. Stolypin], it caused a public protest by P.S. Solovyova, Z.N. Gippius, D.V. Filosofov and D.S. Merezhkovsky, who described antisemitism as offensive to the dignity of the Russian people. The protest resulted in an exchange of articles, where M.O. Menshikov asserted the futility of the intelligentsia’s struggle against public outrage, while Merezhkovsky claimed the anti-Christian nature of antisemitism. His article “Nationalism and religion” presented the articles of “Novoye vremya” as an example of belligerent nihilism and atheism. The literary section of “Rech” refined its stance on the publications of “Novoye vremya” over time: initially it had a general political nature, assuming a humanistic aspect by the beginning of the 1910s. The writers participating in “Rech” stood up for a discriminated social group and publicly admitted responsibility for its persecution.
“Averkiev is almost the most accurate of all...”: Intercultural interaction on the pages of “Novoye Vremya”
Authors:   Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Patrikeeva Mariya V.
Published: March 2024

The article analyzes the curious plot of intercultural interaction on the pages of the newspaper “Novoye Vremya” by A.S. Suvorin, associated with the name of D.V. Averkiev. It is hypothesized that the approach to the selection of works for translation and Averkiev’s translation strategy itself are determined by his cultural temperament, the desire to introduce the Russian public to the best works of world literature, as well as Suvorin’s publishing tactics, supported on the pages of his newspaper. The significance of “Hamlet” for Russian culture of the late 19th — early 20th century and the presentation of this play on the pages of the newspaper “Novoye Vremya” are analyzed. The comparison of competing translations of “Hamlet” of by Averkiev and P.P. Gnedich, who collaborated with the publishing house of Suvorin, is carried out. The reasons for the preference for the translation made by Gnedich for theatrical productions and the rejection of Averkiev’s version, despite its recognized advantages, are clarified. Among these reasons are the linguistic and stylistic complexity of Averkiev’s translation and the unpreparedness of the Russian public to perceive such material. It is proved that Averkiev’s highly accurate translation of “Hamlet” has served as a starting point for the creation of further translations of Shakespeare with the focus on preserving the original senses of the plays and the author’s style of the English playwright
“In original poetic meter”: “Ethnographic” searches and finds of Russian translation verse of the Silver Age and their interpretations on the pages of periodical press
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Orlitskiy Yuri B.
Published: March 2024

The article presents a wide range of phenomena of national rhythmic culture that appeared on the pages of periodicals (newspapers, magazines, almanacs) of the early twentieth century, primarily in the translation of foreign language poetic texts, for most of which there are still no adequate analogues in Russian versification. However, thanks to the persistent desire of the authors of that time, such analogues are either found among related phenomena or are reinvented. Moreover, this happens in publications of a wide variety of types: from the elite St. Petersburg “Vesi” to the mass “Samara Mustard Man”. Quite in keeping with the spirit of the times, the emerging free verse turns out to be an analogue of the complex ancient Greek logaedas, ancient Egyptian and Akkadian cult poetry, and European and American free verse itself. And to convey traditional Japanese poetry, Balmont uses syllabic-tonic metric, to depict the Persian stanza Vyach. Ivanov turns to its imitation, and S. Sviridenko develops his own version of alliterative verse, designed to convey the general structure of the ancient Germanic versification. It is especially important that Russian poets and theorists place on the pages of periodicals not only works created according to models from different cultures, but also theoretical discussions and explanations designed to help the mass reader understand the original rhythmic innovations, which ultimately contributed to expanding the capabilities of Russian verse.
Literary criticism of Korney Chukovsky and Freudian wit
Authors:   Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fedotova Svetlana V.
Published: March 2024

The originality of literary criticism by Korney Chukovsky is examined in the article through the prism of the contradictory principles of his critical method: on the one hand, he saw the goal of criticism as revealing the hidden (unconscious) soul of the artist through the analysis of his style, on the other hand, he was initially aimed at self-expression in creativity and achieving success with caustic wit. It is shown that from the point of view of promotion his literary reputation, Chukovsky’s focus on wit was more productive than his “psychologism,” which is due to the feuilleton genre of his literary criticism and the desire to win recognition among the mass reader of periodicals. In this regard, it is proposed to draw typological parallels between Chukovsky’s critical techniques and the techniques of wit described in S. Freud’s work “Wit and its Relation to the Unconscious” (1905). As a result, it is concluded that Chukovsky’s literary criticism contains many of the mechanisms of wit described by Freud, namely: verbal and tendentious witticisms (of an unconsciously aggressive nature), ridiculing literary authorities and morals, as well as the tastes of the mass reader; techniques of condensation, semantic shift, nonsense, witticism-exaggeration, witticism with unification or with a hint, depiction through the opposite (close to irony); image through a trifle, on what a caricature, cartoon, parody, travesty, etc. are based.
New directions for updating the creativity of Siberian authors in late 19th — early 20th centuries: Interdisciplinary aspect
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Zhilyakova Natalia V.
Published: March 2024

The article examines the problems of demand for works of pre-revolutionary regional authors published on the pages of local periodicals. A review of book series published by both Soviet and modern publishing houses indicates that the work of regional writers, including Siberian ones, is constantly in the attention of publishers. However, not all authors whose works may arouse the interest of readers are still known today. This is due to the fact that most of the texts of local literary talents were not published as separate publications: they are still part of the corpus of newspaper and magazine publications. The purpose of the article is formulated as identifying new directions for updating the work of Siberian pre-revolutionary authors and clarifying the prospects for further activity in reprinting works of interest to the modern reader. The interdisciplinary nature of the research is emphasized, since it is carried out at the intersection of literary studies, journalism, the history of regional press and publishing. The work raises the question of the quality and aesthetic significance of texts published in periodicals, and identifies the circle of authors whose texts may be of interest to the modern reader. The author offers various options for adapting the material in accordance with the reading practices of young people. The conclusions emphasize that the identified new directions for updating the creativity of Siberian pre-revolutionary authors make it possible to combine the efforts of researchers from different scientific fields. The combination of traditional “paper” and digital formats for presenting literary texts will help introduce modern readers to the works of undeservedly forgotten pre-revolutionary writers.
Commercial project versus “Creative Artel”: The phenomenon of creative behavior in the context of avant-garde communities (based on the example of two productions of “Victory over the Sun”)
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Shvets Anna V.
Published: March 2024

The article explores the phenomenon of creative behavior in the activities of avant-garde communities. Creative behavior becomes essential for understanding the avant-garde text, framing the text as a symbolic formation. It is argued that within the inherent focus on reader participation in avant-garde creativity, the realization of this pragmatic dominance is variable and depends on a complex set of institutional circumstances and the communicative pact between authors and the audience. Two avant-garde communities are chosen as examples: the pre-revolutionary avant-garde, the circle “Hylaea” led by D. Burliuk (“commercial project”), and the (post)revolutionary avant-garde, the society “Unovis” led by K. Malevich (“creative artel”). The specificity of recipient involvement in community actions depended on the established communicative pact, and this difference becomes apparent in the comparative analysis of the two productions of “Victory over the Sun” in 1913 and 1920. The receptive response in 1913 was largely determined by the following model of relations between the audience and the community: involvement through norm violation (scandal) and subsequent improvisation, as the scandal served as an advertising means to attract an audience due to the marginalization of the cubofuturists and the lack of access to literary resources. In 1920, the playful element of scandal is no longer present in the interaction scenario with the addressee (due to different institutional circumstances – external funding and the absence of the need to win over the audience). Therefore, the communication scenario was carried out as the interaction between a prophet-educator and a disciple-follower. The recipient’s receptive behavior also changed: either to engage in aesthetic action and dissolve in the collective subject or to observe the action from a distance without involvement.
Four previously unknown materials by B. Eikhenbaum from the “Russkaya Molva” newspaper: On interaction between philology and journalism in the literature process
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Orlova Ekaterina I. ,   Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2024

This article concentrates on four materials by B. Eikhenbaum, published in 1913 in the “Russkaya Molva” newspaper. Until now, they were not part the scientist’s bibliography and remained unnoticed by modern researchers. Two of these materials are signed, while the other two were published anonymously. They represent various genre varieties of literary criticism of the 1910s. The article “On the New Belgian Literature”, signed “B. Eikhenbaum”, is more of a review. A detailed review named the “Archive of M. Stasiulevich”, signed “B. E.”, which was also usual for Eikhenbaum-critic, is about the release of the fifth volume of the correspondence of editor of “Vestnik Evropy” with writers, and aims to present the content of the book to the general reader in as much detail as possible. The critic focuses on Saltykov-Shchedrin’s letters to Stasiulevich. The other two publications are short unsigned reviews. The author of the article proves Eikhenbaum’s authorship based on an analysing Eikhenbaum’s critical manner, as it developed in the early 1910s, and the immediate context of the materials being attributed: these are Eikhenbaum’s publications in the weekly journal “Zaprosy Zhizni” and in the “Russkaya Molva” newspaper.
The source-study potential of N.S. Gumilev’s and S.M. Gorodetsky’s military journalism: Between fiction and historical document
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Filatov Anton V. ,   Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2024

The article examines N.S. Gumilev’s and S.M. Gorodetsky’s military essays, published during the First World War in the newspapers “Birzhevye Vedomosti” and “Russkoe Slovo”, respectively. It is noted that these texts are autobiographical and relate to artistic journalism, a borderline field of writing that has common features with both literature and journalism. It is proposed a methodology for determining the documentary nature of these texts and their source potential, including a set of operations that can be divided into external criticism (establishing historical conditions for the writing and publication of texts, including the nature of the relationship between the writer and the periodical, as well as promptness of publishing materials in the newspaper and the relevance of the information reported in them) and internal criticism (consideration the immanent characteristics of the text as a whole, its connections with works and biography of the author, as well as the literary tradition). The application of this methodology based on the material of military essays by two poets revealed the dominance of the artistic component in Gumilev’s publications and the journalistic component in Gorodetsky’s texts. Based on this, it is concluded about the nature of the documentality of the considered texts and the specifics of the methodology of their analysis, which differs from the traditional literary approach.
Russian studies in Armenia today
Authors:   Yerevan State University of Architecture and Construction, Sheyranyan Sergey Z.
Published: March 2024

The Russian language and Russian culture continue to play a prominent role in social and spiritual life of the Armenian people. Researches on the Russian language, Russian-Armenian typology are conducted in universities and research institutes of language and literature, bilingual dictionaries are published and republished. The general direction of linguistic researches on Russian studies in republic is pedagogical, since the primary task of Armenian linguists is to create optimal textbooks and teaching aids for schools and universities. Annual conferences are held on the problems of modern linguistics, theory and practice of teaching the Russian language in schools and universities of the republic.
Language attitudes of “fathers and children” from national schools in a large multilingual city
Authors:   Northeastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov, Gabdrakhmanova Gul’nara F. ,   Sh. Marjani Institute of History  Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan
Published: March 2024

Using the example of the capitals of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the Republic of Tatarstan, the linguistic attitudes of parents and children from national schools in the context of the ecology shift are revealed. A theoretical approach to the study of language installation is proposed, based on its understanding as the sum of cognitive, affective and conative components and on the idea of ecology of its shift in generational and regional aspects. The conducted sociolinguistic survey of “fathers and children” and interviews with experts from Kazan and Yakutsk showed a consistent combination of attitudes of participants in national education in Russian and Yakut / Tatar languages. The dissonance of the linguistic attitudes of the participants in national education is the practice of using Russian and national languages in various public spheres. Therefore, the actualized conative component of the language attitudes of parents from national schools, who seek to compensate for their desire to preserve their native language at the expense of such institutions, looks quite natural. The ecology of the shift in language attitudes is characterized by differences between the older and younger generations, between regions and can develop at the intersection of generational and regional factors, which was found in the cognitive and affective components.
Chekhov and the Bakhtin tradition of interpreting his work
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) of the  Russian Academy of Sciences, Kibalnik Serguei A. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: March 2024

The article is a criticism of the interpretation of Chekhov’s work, based on M.M. Bakhtin’s inherent ideas about the equal significance of the “voices” of the heroes and their equivalence with the author, which he developed mainly on the material of F.M. Dostoevsky’s work. In modern Chekhov’s studies, it has given rise to the practice of denying the definitely declared authorial position in Chekhov’s works and equating them in this regard with postmodern amorphism. Based on the material of many different works of, the article demonstrates that the notorious Chekhov “principle of uncertainty” actually has no basis. Contrary to the claims of supporters of the Bakhtinist tradition of interpreting Chekhov’s work, it is not at all uncommon for him to directly express his author’s position. Together with the indirect ways of its manifestation, Chekhov’s text in this regard is rather redundant than insufficient.
Semantic potentials of L. Rubinstein’s “Catalogue of Comedic Innovations”
Authors:   Herzen Russian State Pedagogical University, Bogdanova Olga V. ,   F.M. Dostoevsky Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy, Zhilene Ekaterina S. ,   St. Petersburg State Institute of Culture
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the study is to offer a new perspective in the interpretation of L. Rubinstein’s conceptual poetry on the example of his early poem “Catalogue of Comedic Innovations” (1976). Unlike the previously undertaken studies, the article focuses not on the formal features of the conceptual poet’s text, on the rhythmic and stylistic structure of his catalog-card poetry, but on its content and semantic potential. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the fact that the authors for the first time propose the consideration of a conceptually discrete text as a whole and unified space, actually literary, permeated with existential searches of the author and his hero alter ego. It is shown that already at the early stage of his work Rubinstein was attached to conceptualism only at the level of form (card poetry invented by him), but in his creative essence he rather gravitated to the tradition of classical Russian literature. In the conditions of the avant-garde trends of Russian poetry of the 1970s, Rubinstein, like V. Mayakovsky, “stepped on the throat of his own song” in an understandable desire to be in line with the search for “Moscow romantic conceptualism” (B. Groys). In the course of the analysis of the poem, it is demonstrated that, contrary to the conceptualists’ manifestational statements about the lack of ideas of “objects” and the total game with the fragments of socialist realist canons, Rubinstein’s poetry already at an early stage demonstrated a capacious semantic potential that goes far beyond conceptual practices.
Soviet as “alien”: On the ballad origins of sadistic verselets
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky, Bokarev Aleksey S.
Published: March 2024

The article offers a new look at the genealogy of sadistic verselets — a genre of school humorous folklore of the 1970–80s, which is a dactylic quatrain or couplet where a tragic event occurs to a child character (‘a little boy’). It has been proven that the verselet is deeply rooted in the literary tradition and can be interpreted as a result of de-canonizing the ballad. From the point of view of historical poetics, we analyze the features of reproducing and transforming the ballad invariant, as well as the reality conceptualization principles determined by the same. We have found out that, on the one hand, ‘catastrophic’ motives are ‘exalted’ in the verselet (everyone is defenseless against the evil that inevitably and variously penetrates the world) and, on the other hand, they are discredited by means of the grotesque (which ensures the self-identity of the modern genre). In combination with ballad plots, the focus of works on Soviet material allows us to view official discourse as ‘alien’ — alternative and hostile to a human and, for this reason, ‘rejected’ in the act of laughter. Therefore, the contextual synonymy of everything ‘Soviet’, ‘adult’, and ‘parental’ turns into dispelling the myth of the ‘people’s state’, which not only does not protect people from danger, but also directly threatens their well-being.
Intertextual elements of graphic novel “The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen” by A. Moore
Authors:   Snezhinsky Institute of Physics and Technology (branch)  National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Sergodeev Ilya V. ,   Chelyabinsk State University
Published: March 2024

The article considers intertextual elements of graphic novel “The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen” by A. Moore. These elements are autotextual/paratextual (syntagmatics) and intextual / architextual (paradigmatics) ones. The study of intertextuality, which is richly presented in the novel under analysis, helps establish layering and mixing of many different English-language Victorian novels’ contexts in “The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen”. Thus, we can fully understand the story of the graphic novel (there are practically no characters created by A. Moore, even minor ones are taken from somewhere) and catch non-obvious details for a Russian reader. For instance, they refer to such novels as “The Blue Dwarf” by P.B. St. John and “Varney the Vampire” by T.P. Prest and J.M. Rymer. The choice of “The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen” as material of investigation and A. Moore as an author is proven by extremely high popularity of A. Moore’s works in the modern popular art and literature.
“Miriskusniki” and the genesis of acmeistic searches (about the review of one exhibition)
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Literary Institute, Kozhukharov Roman R.
Published: March 2024

The article presents the experience of comprehension V. Narbut’s publication “Mir Iskusstva” (“The World of Art”) in the St. Petersburg newspaper “Theater and Sport”. The article, dedicated to the exhibition of the same name, is written in the genre of art criticism, unique for the poet’s creative biography, and is perceived as a capacious manifestation of the author’s artistic preferences. The significance of comprehension this publication is due to its chronological correlation not only with the beginning of the poet’s creative path, but also with key events in the history of Russian literature at the beginning of the 20th century.
Ophthalmology Census 2021: A Demographic Characterisation of Ophthalmologists in Portugal
Authors: Martins Leitão Paula , Oliveira Sandra , Miranda Ana , Vivas Carla , Nascimento João , Leal Susana , Tavares Ferreira Joana , Magalhães Augusto
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Human resources in ophthalmology have recently received particular attention, and it has been questioned whether there is a sufficient number of workers. The aim of this study was to analyze and characterize Portugal’s ophthalmologist population.Methods: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, an online questionnaire was sent to all ophthalmologists registered with the Portuguese College of Ophthalmology in December 2021. Information on the following variables was collected and analyzed: demographic factors, professional qualifications, professional activity, weekly professional activity and medium-term plans.Results: Among the 910 registered ophthalmologists, a response rate of 64.7% was achieved. There were 0.9 ophthalmologists for every 10 000 inhabitants, 0.45:10 000 working in the public sector (0.35:10 000 full-time equivalent). Among the respondents, 57.6% were over 50 years old (59.6% male), 97.3% were Portuguese, 46.7% completed their residency in the Lisbon region, 27.3% complemented their programme with additional training, 9.5% had a PhD and approximately 58% lived and worked in large urban centres. Regarding professional activity, 58.5% of the respondents worked in the public sector (4.2% exclusively), while 67.9% worked in different economic sectors. The median number of weekly working hours reported was 45 hours, with those in the public sector reporting 35 hours. Private/social sector work and public sector work accounted for 12 926 hours/week and 10 808 hours/week, respectively. It was found that 31.4% of the respondents provided emergency medical services and that 52.8% performed surgical procedures more than once a week. Looking ahead, 38.7% of the ophthalmologists intended to reduce their workload within the next five years due to family reasons, fatigue and demotivation. The projected rate of retirement or cessation of activity in the next five years was estimated to be 1.7%, while an average of 20 new ophthalmologists are expected to enter the profession annually, resulting in a generational balance of 0.8%.Conclusion: While the number of ophthalmologists in Portugal meets the international recommendations, there is a shortage in the public sector and most ophthalmologists work in large urban centres. The number of ophthalmologists in Portugal is expected to be stable for the next five years.
Editorial
Authors: Coutinho Luciana Cristina Salvatti
Published: March 2024

Ao longo do ano de 2023, a Revista Histedbr On-line publicou seu volume 23 com 57 artigos e 2 resenhas, tratando de temas diversos acerca da Educação em âmbito local, nacional e internacional, por prismas teórico-metodológicos múltiplos. Contamos com a colaboração de autores e autoras de mais de 60 (sessenta) instituições brasileiras tanto da Educação Básica quanto do Ensino Superior, destacando a presença de articulação entre Universidade e Educação Básica na produção e divulgação científica. Tivemos, ainda, manuscritos de autoria de pesquisadores e pesquisadoras vinculados(as) a instituições internacionais, tais como: Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Argentina), Universidad Nacional de Luján (Argentina), Universidade do Porto (Portugal), Instituto Superior de Ciências da Educação da Huíla (Angola), Universidad Autónoma de Madri (Espanha), Universidad Castilla-La Mancha (Espanha), Universidad de Holguin (Cuba). Esperamos que a riqueza de temáticas e abordagens advindas de estudos e pesquisas em Educação desenvolvidas por pesquisadores e pesquisadoras de diferentes instituições contribua com a produção e socialização do conhecimento científico e, quiçá, inspire muitos e muitas para a continuidade da luta por um mundo mais humano, justo e igualitário.
Seroprevalence of Human Cytomegalovirus among Aborted Women in Aden, Yemen
Authors: Gubran Ali N.M.
Published: March 2024

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one member of Herpesviridae. It can cause serious complications in pregnant women and their fetuses. So, this study aims to determine the prevalence of IgG and IgM against HCMV among aborted women and other related factors in Aden–Yemen. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 88 aborted women. Blood samples were collected and serum HCMV IgG and IgM were analyzed using ELISA. The overall prevalence of IgG and IgM of HCMV infections were 77.6% and 83.3%, respectively. Neither HCMV IgG nor IgM seroprevalence had significantly influenced by age, number of abortions, education level, trimesters, and other factors. It can be concluded that the seroprevalence IgG antibodies of HCMV infections among aborted women were slightly lower than those reported globally whereas the seroprevalence IgM antibodies were higher than most of the previous studies that performed globally. Other causative factors may also contribute to abortion among aborted women. Further research is required to detect the HCMV and other causative agents of abortion in Aden and other southern governments of Yemen using adequate sample size and new advanced techniques.
Prevalence and Antibiogram Patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Two Wastewater Treatment Plants in Aden Governorate-Yemen
Authors: Al-Qashbari Wadhah Mohamed Hadi , Al-Baghdadi Mohamed Ali Ahmed
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative rod-shaped obligatorily aerobic bacterium. This bacterium is most frequently associated with human infections and is regarded as an opportunistic pathogen, primarily causing nosocomial infections in immunocompromised patients.  P. aeruginosa as a waterborne pathogen is a growing concern to public health sectors. Many sources of environmental water as well as in other sources such as sewage treatment plants could potentially be acting as a reservoir for potentially pathogenic strains of P. aeruginosa. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, antibiogram pattern and the multiple antibiotics resistant (MAR) of P. aeruginosa.
Methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study, conducted between September 2022 and February 2023. A total of 193 wastewater samples, (97/193) & (96/193) were obtained from two region AL-Magari and Kaputa wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), respectively. The wastewater samples were serially diluted and cultured on enrichment medium, then cultured on cetrimide agar as a selective medium for P. aeruginosa. The isolates were identified primarily based on cultural characteristics and then by biochemical tests. A panel of 32 antibiotics were used to determine the susceptibility patterns and the MAR.
Results: The prevalence of P. aeruginosa was 33.7 % (65/193), while the statistical data revealed no a statistically significant difference between the prevalence of P. aeruginosa isolates from AL-Magari and Kaputa (P˃0.05). The study revealed the presence of antipseudomonal agents among the wastewater isolates of P. aeruginosa. Ciprofloxacin antibiotic has the highest activity against P. aeruginosa strains with the lowest resistant rate (7.7%), followed by Levofloxacin, Ofloxacin and Piperacillin/Tazobactam, (12.3%), (18.5%), and (20%), respectively. The MAR index ranged between 0.562 to 1.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated that MAR P. aeruginosa were quite prevalent in the wastewater effluents of WWTPs in Aden governorate-Yemen with no statistically significant difference in resistant pattern between wastewater isolates from AL-Magari and Kaputa region to the antibiotics used in this study (P˃0.05); and this can lead to serious health risk for community, and natural vegetation where plants grow.
Development of a self-care guideline to prevent rehospitalization in stroke patients: a modified Delphi study
Authors: Putra Komang Ardidhana Nugraha , Suyasa I Gede Putu Darma , Kamaryati Ni Putu , Dharmapatni Ni Wayan Kesari
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Since 2007, the number of stroke cases in Indonesia has continued to increase. Stroke patients who have passed the acute phase of stroke still have a risk of recurrent stroke and rehospitalization. This study aimed to develop self-care guidelines to prevent the rehospitalization of stroke patients.
Methods: A three-round modified Delphi study was applied to a panel of 24 experts with different fields of expertise, consisting of doctors, nurses, families, and patients. In the first round, data were collected through a literature review and semi-structured interviews. In the second and third rounds, data were collected using a survey questionnaire on a 9-point Likert scale.
Results: The first round produced seven themes around self-care activities, including drug therapy, physical exercise, diet and nutrition, stress management, self-motivation, functional status screening, and control for risk factors. In the second round, all types of self-care in the first round were agreed upon for content in preparing the guidebook. The third round resulted in agreement on the guidebook that had been designed, with scores of 8 and above by 100% of the expert panel.
Conclusions: The development of a self-care guidebook to prevent rehospitalization of stroke patients through a three-round Delphi study has reached a consensus among the entire panel of experts.  Further research by testing guidebooks in the healthcare system is needed to determine their effectiveness in preventing re-hospitalization in stroke patients.
Cultural care behaviors of multidisciplinary health workers in preventing neutropenic fever in children with leukemia after chemotherapy: an Ethnonursing study
Authors: Naviati Elsa , Afiyanti Yati , Allenidekania Allenidekania , Novieastari Enie
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Neutropenic fever is commonly found in children with leukemia after chemotherapy. Fever occurs when children's immunity decreases after chemotherapy, and they are prone to infection. This study aims to describe the cultural care behaviors of multidisciplinary health workers in preventing neutropenic fever among hospitalized children with leukemia after chemotherapy.
Methods: An ethnonursing study was conducted at a cancer referral hospital in Central Java, Indonesia. Data were collected through observation in two Pediatric ward and chemotherapy unit for three months and FGDs and in-depth interviews with health workers who provided care services to leukemia patients post-chemotherapy. Data were collected from 14 informants: six nurses, four doctors, two clinical pharmacists, and two nutritionists. This study employed four phases of Leininger analysis for qualitative data to develop its thematic structures.
Results: The analysis of the entire data has revealed five themes: (1) performing antiseptic and aseptic techniques consistently, (2) nurse and dietician collaboration in handling eating difficulties post-chemotherapy, (3) collaborative interactions interdisciplinary in handling medication, (4) patient placement in an isolation room adjusted to patients' conditions, and (5) nurse’s challenge to educate patients and their families.
Conclusions: Health workers from multiple disciplines play essential roles in preventing neutropenic fever by involving patients, parents, and other family members. It is necessary for the nurses to collaborate with other healthcare professionals and educate patients, and families to participate in the care interventions for these patients in minimizing the occurrence of infection among leukemia patients.
The acceptance pattern and meaning of classical narratives in the web novel 〈Joseon Fox Scandal〉
Authors:   The Research Of The Korean Classic, Park Hye-sung
Published: March 2024

​This study examined the acceptance of classical narratives in the web novel 〈Chosun Fox Scandal〉, which was serialized on Naver Web Novel, and examined the meaning of the acceptance of multiple classical narratives in the web novel 〈Chosun Fox Scandal〉.
The web novel 〈Joseon Fox Scandal〉 is unique in that it arranges multiple classical narrative works in an omnibus format through the setting that the divine beast that fox inspector Siho goes to retrieve is actually an animal that appears in classical narratives. The 19 types of classical narratives, including old novels and folk tales, included in the work are centered on stories about Siho’s performance a royal inspector, accounting for more than 48% of the total volume.
The story of Siho’s performance as a royal inspector consists of a repetition of the structure of ‘the end of one divine beast problem = the end of one classic episode’. So readers can enjoy the classic narrative while reading the story dealing with the divine beast problem.
Among the 19 types of classical narratives accepted in the work, 1 is a classic narrative that is almost the same depending on the degree of variation, 4 are those in which the common narrative for each classical epic is maintained and only the characters that appear are replaced with characters from the work. In addition, there is one that accepts motifs from classical narratives and one that uses classical narratives as a component of the spatial background. There are 12 stories created by the author by accepting part of the common narrative for each classical narrative. The changes utilized a variety of methods, from taking the work almost as is to taking parts of the work and then having the author add content that did net exist. In terms of content, characters who commit evil deeds and their punishment were emphasized in 14 of the 18 episodes, excluding the one that adopted a classical narrative as its spatial background.
The acceptance of the classic narrative of the web novel 〈Joseon Fox Scandal〉 first created a ‘cider’ narrative of the web novel by emphasizing punishment in an old story familiar to readers. At this time, since the problems inherent in evil deeds are repeated in the present, the emphasis on punishment in the story can provide vicarious satisfaction to the readers. Second, using classical narratives, it shows the appearance of a divine beast who is frustrated while complying with fate, and a human being who actively pioneers destiny. Therefore, along with the ending, presents the appearance of a character who has achieved a transition from a divine beast to a human being, it contributed to emphasizing the importance of human will in creating one’s own life and destiny in a finite life.
The Use of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Enhancing Student Participation in Classroom Activities at the English Subject Teacher’s Association
Authors: Eka Chandra Noor , Mariani Nanik , Rosalina Elsa , Elyani Eka Puteri , Asrimawati Inayati Fitriyah , Anwar Muhammad Nuril , Nazmi Youma Fairu
Published: March 2024

The development of various post-pandemic technologies has significantly changed teaching and learning activities. Through a brief interview between the head of the English Language Teachers’ Association in Banjar Regency and the head of the community service team, data was obtained that identified the issues faced by of the English Language Teachers’ Association members: 1) Teachers still lack information about various Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies for English language teaching. 2) The teachers still lack information about free applications that can be used to support technology-based learning to increase student participation. Given the challenges faced by the partners, the goal of this community service was to provide secondary school teachers in South Kalimantan, especially in Banjar Regency, with insights into how AI plays a comprehensive role, as well as training in how to integrate various AI technologies to support the teaching and learning process. The implementation method offered for this activity included lectures, discussions, and collaborative learning with several stages, such as preparation, execution, and evaluation. The results of this training were as follows: 1) New experience for the teachers about AI-based support applications in the learning process. 2) How to integrate these applications into the classroom learning process. 3) Teachers successfully created their learning media using applications learned during the training. 4) Learning practices that integrated AI into the teaching process increased student motivation to learn English. The conclusion of this community service was that services could help the teacher in using technology, especially AI, to increase student participation in class.
The Processing of Steamed Cassava Brownies as an Enhancement of the Knowledge and Skills of the People of Suka Menang Village
Authors: Setiawan Adhriko , Jaduri Jumti , Sherendita Nabila , Pardede Berliana M , Nainggolan Lolita M , Kinanti Afifah P , Ananda Asty , Prayoga Gusti , Juniansyah Feby , Jaya Sukery , Putra M Rizky Dwi , Rizki Ahmad , Syafutri Merynda Indriyani , Prima Fidel Harmanda , Manalu Lauren F , Ginting Ela Roswasti Angelia Syeba , Nabhan M Auliya
Published: March 2024

Cassava is one of the food commodities grown in Suka Menang Village. The people of Suka Menang Village only sell fresh cassava and process it into daily foods such as boiled and fried cassava. Cassava also has the potential to be used as raw material for steamed brownies. Steamed cassava brownies do not use wheat flour, which is the advantage of steamed cassava brownies. This activity aimed to introduce steamed cassava brownies and to increase the Suka Menang Village community's knowledge of the processing technology of steamed cassava brownies. The target audience was the community of Suka Menang Village. The method used was Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR). The activity consisted of 2 stages: 1) a hedonic test of steamed brownies products, and 2)socialization of the potential of cassava and cassava steamed brownies processing and the practice of cassava steamed brownies processing. The results showed that cassava could be processed into steamed brownies. Based on the sensory properties test, the steamed cassava brownies were preferred and acceptable. In addition, there was an increase in the target audience's understanding of the material presented, which was 12.87%. Through this activity, the people of Suka Menang Village had skills in processing cassava-steamed brownies.