bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-help settlements as insights to urban conflicts: the case of Toma de Peñalolén in Santiago, Chile
Authors: Astorga del Río Juan Pablo
Published: May 2023

This article explores the meaning of ‘urban conflict’ from the perspective of a self-help settlement. It is understood that conflicts, like settlements, are multi-dimensional and multi-scale. Rather than perpetuating a notion of settlements as ‘conflict’ that certain places in the world suffer from (the global South), we chose to understand them as an expression of diversity, contributing to imagining and building an alternative part of the city (Robinson, 2006). Three dimensions will be emphasised: governance (Swyngedouw, 2011), sense of place (Harvey 2001), and planning (Roy, 2005; Friedmann, 2005). Some of the conclusions suggest reconsidering the planning that denies the existence of conflicts and tries to ‘solve’ the problem of settlements by any means. Settlements also impact on the way in which agreement to govern the city is shared, prioritized and obtained. Finally, places affect the nature of the conflict and its solution. As a case study, we will consider the Toma de Peñalolén (Occupation of Peñalolén), located in the western sector of Santiago, Chile. The results shown come from a recent research based on 35 interviews, a survey and secondary sources.
Designing for Democracy in the United States
Authors: Thompson, III J. Phillip
Published: May 2023

This article discusses the role of slavery, racial segregation, and discriminatory government land distribution programs in structuring current patterns of inequality and group prejudice in the United States.
Edificando una promesa incumplida: ciudad, ética y estética
Authors: Zlatar Alberto Texidó
Published: May 2023

El presente texto analiza el mall del Pacífico en San Antonio desde cuatro tópicos: el emplazamiento, la accesibilidad, el diseño y las condiciones normativas que autorizaron su materialización. A seis años de su irrupción en el principal puerto del país, el mall abre interrogantes sobre la correcta aplicación de las normas urbanas, sobre la calidad y reconocimiento de la arquitectura chilena y sobre la formación de los arquitectos.

AbstractThis article analyses the Mall of the Pacific in San Antonio considering four aspects: location, accessibility, design and the building regulations that authorised its materialisation. Six years after its irruption into the main seaport of the country, the mall raises questions about the right application of urban regulations, the quality of Chilean architecture and its recognition, and about the training of architects.
Ecos de un mercado
Authors: Admassu Emanuel
Published: May 2023

Este artículo examina la identidad construida en Addis Merkato —el mercado central de Etiopía— como testamento de las posibilidades empeñadas en evitar la sobre-determinación. Esto dejó libre al mercado para que se reconfigure constantemente a lo largo de su historia de ochenta años. El contexto político, cultural y económico ha introducido múltiples intervenciones que han intentado limitar nuevas formas de ocupación, pero han fallado. Merkato ha absorbido agendas conflictivas por medio de la invención de astu­tas estrategias de diseño. Es un espacio que revela las dificultades de operar dentro de las restricciones del neoliberalismo. La belleza del mercado está simplemente enmarcada en su habilidad para transformar limi­taciones en oportunidades; actualmente se mantiene como una arquitectura de redes sólidas que continúa resistiendo tanto las fuerzas locales como las fuerzas globales de la limitación.

 

AbstractThis article examines the constructed identity of Addis Merkato – the central marketplace of Ethiopia – as a testament to the possibilities embedded in avoiding overdetermination. This has liberated the market to constantly reconfigure itself over its eighty-year history. The shifting political, cultural and economic contexts have introduced multiple interventions that have attempted but failed to limit new forms of occupation. Merkato has absorbed conflicting agendas via the invention of nimble design strategies. It is a space that reveals the difficulties of operating within the confines of neoliberalism. The beauty of the market is simply framed by its ability to translate constraints into opportunities. Today, the market remains an architecture of robust networks that continue to resist both local and global forces of limitation.
For a Post-critical Architecture
Authors: Rahm Philippe
Published: May 2023

The future of architecture is post-critical: we must empty architecture of its narrative superstructures through the erasure of subjectivities in order to rediscover a certain blankness or psychological neutrality of things. In this process, we can discover the formal and programmatic possibilities of things for the design of spaces and buildings through quantifiable scientific knowledge. This is a paradigm shift where space no longer has meaning, but instead has physical and chemical presence. We must engage the targets of critical theory (subjectivity, multiplicity, diversity) but change its tools (narrative, story), replacing them with objective, scientific, neutral, nonnarrative approaches. This is where the semantic gives way to the somatic, and where storytelling and fiction make room for the measured properties of the world, in a new objectivity of things, of space.
Construcciones de madera en altura, estrategias sustentables para las ciudades del futuro
Authors: Green Michael
Published: May 2023

El crecimiento de las ciudades y de la población está aumentando la demanda de viviendas en el mundo. Satisfacer dicha demanda reduciendo el impacto ambiental es un desafío. Reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, tal como se requiere para minimizar el cambio climático, no es algo que pueda lograrse repitiendo antiguas soluciones. Por el contrario, este desafío significa que se deben implementar nuevas soluciones. La madera es el único material de construcción que crece bajo el sol y tiene la capacidad de almacenar carbono. La retención de dióxido de carbono de la atmósfera es un atributo que puede ser relevante en el futuro de la arquitectura. Los productos derivados de la madera son cada vez más tecnológicos, y mientras las normativas se adaptan lentamente a la nueva situación, los arquitectos se están interesando cada vez más en diseñar construcciones de madera. En Michael Green Architecture hemos sido líderes de la revolución de la construcción con madera. Hemos demostrado que es técnicamente posible construir un edificio de madera de 35 pisos de altura. El efecto positivo del cambio de paradigma en la nueva arquitectura puede llegar más allá de los beneficios ambientales.
Spanish wooden interlaced carpentry, the beginning of prefabrication in architecture
Authors: Nuere Enrique
Published: May 2023

One of the architectural peculiarities that identify the dissemination of Spanish inherited knowledge was interlaced carpentry, wrongly called 'mudéjar', which puts together the inheritance of Visogothic, European and Islamic culture. Interlaced carpentry, a development of Visogothic tradition, knew how to readapt the oriental sketches to make them into a resource that provided an exceptional precision to its carpentry works, something that was achieved by the use of a system of carpentry squares and managed completely without the use of the inaccurate measuring stick. The habit of using carpentry squares for the construction of frameworks promoted a spectacular development of a set of geometrical drawings that contributed to facilitating the prefabrication of frameworks, guaranteeing the accuracy of measures of the various components, which once finished could be mounted without any coupling default at the top of the building. In short, this interlaced carpentry which started in the 14 th Century, was, perhaps, the first method of prefabrication in architecture.
La carpintería de armar española, inicio de la prefabricación en la arquitectura
Authors: Nuere Enrique
Published: May 2023

Una de las peculiaridades arquitectónicas que identifican la difusión de saberes heredados en España fue la carpintería de lacería, mal llamada “mudéjar”, que reúne herencias de la cultura visigoda, europea e islámica. La carpintería de lazo, desarrollo de una tradición visigoda, supo readaptar los trazados orientales para convertirlos en un recurso que proporcionaba una excepcional precisión a sus trabajos carpinteros, algo que se consiguió mediante el uso de un sistema de cartabones y prescindiendo totalmente del uso de la imprecisa vara de medir. El hábito del uso de cartabones para la construcción de armaduras fomentó un espectacular desarrollo de un conjunto de trazados geométricos que contribuyeron a facilitar la prefabricación de las armaduras, al garantizar la precisión en las medidas de sus distintos componentes, que una vez acabados podían montarse sin crear problemas de acoplamiento en lo más alto del edificio. En definitiva, esta carpintería de lacería, iniciada en el transcurso del siglo XIV, fue tal vez la primera forma de prefabricación que tuvo lugar en la arquitectura.
Observaciones sobre el estado de la teoría en arquitectura
Authors: Davidson Cynthia
Published: May 2023

Observaciones sobre el estado de la teoría y la arquitectura revisa los movimientos registrados en la teoría de la arquitectura en los últimos veinte años para especular sobre el estado de la teoría arquitectónica hoy y su posible práctica dentro y junto a la arquitectura.
Domus México and its Theory on the go
Authors: Hogrebe Rodríguez Jimena
Published: May 2023

The article tells the story of Domus México, published from June 2012 to July 2013 as a local version of the iconic Italian magazine. The topic is approached from a general review of the context, the editors, the content, the relationship with Domus and the line of thought.

The essay seeks to answer where was the theory of Domus México, and concludes on the importance that the magazine had at a local level and the possible consequences of its existence. A review of different sources was made, such as the seven issues published, and other journals of that time. Interviews with the editor in chief and the editorial coordinator of Domus México were also conducted.
Amale Andraos y Dan Wood: La conversación en el corazón del proceso de diseño
Authors: Palavecino Claudio
Published: May 2023

En 2003, Amale Andraos y Dan Wood fundaron WORKac con un objetivo claro: reinventar la profesio?n, estableciendo nuevas relaciones entre arquitectura, ciudad y naturaleza. La Public Farm 1, los Edible Schoolyards en Nueva York y el futuro Centro de Convenciones de Libreville en Gabo?n son, entre otros, el resultado de este objetivo. El trabajo de ambos ha recibido numerosos premios, entre los que destacan el reciente primer lugar en el “Architect 50” Top 50 Firms in Design 2017 por la revista Architect, y el AIANY Architect Firm of the year 2018.

En paralelo a su labor profesional, Andraos y Wood se han convertido en actores acade?micos de relevancia en diversas escuelas de arquitectura. Amale Andraos ha ensen?ado en Harvard, Pennsylvania y Princeton, entre otras instituciones; y Dan Wood, en UC Berkeley, Princeton, Yale y Cooper Union, entre otras. Actualmente ambos son docentes en Columbia GSAPP, en donde Amale Andraos es decana desde 2014.

En esta entrevista, Amale Andraos y Dan Wood plantean su oficina como un sujeto en dia?logo, que se encuentra en el corazo?n de su trabajo; y que a trave?s de este dia?logo, construyen su manera de pensar y hacer arquitectura "en el mundo"
Taller / Oficina: Lugar, Agentes, Producción
Authors: Palavecino Claudio
Published: May 2023

En cuanto disciplina, la arquitectura ha construido en gran medida su acervo cultural a partir de conceptos o ideas que pueden ser reconocidas con un cierto grado de precisio?n y que son u?tiles para la construccio?n de conocimiento. El taller y la oficina de arquitectura no forman parte de esta matriz conceptual. Su conceptualizacio?n es esquiva, encarna?ndose en distintas figuras –taller, studio, oficina, atelier, laborato- rio, workshop– que ma?s que intentar aclarar su identidad, parecieran responder a consensos oportunistas, modelados desde distintas circunstancias profesionales y acade?micas con el objetivo de dar nombre al espacio gene?rico en donde trabajan y se forman los arquitectos.

En este contexto, todas las definiciones sobre el taller y la oficina de arquitectura nos pueden parecer sesgadas si con- sideramos que cada pra?ctica arquitecto?nica es distinta, que persigue intereses subjetivos y que articula sistemas de tra- bajo propios y, con esto, singulariza su espacio de trabajo a partir de condiciones u?nicas. En estas circunstancias, el taller y la oficina de arquitectura se comprenden desde una ambi- gu?edad u?til. Podemos visualizarlos como un “lugar” donde ocurren distintas acciones, un espacio fi?sico, un ambiente que permite el trabajo arquitecto?nico. Asi? tambie?n, el taller y la oficina construyen una cultura, un sistema de relaciones entre “agentes”, sean estos personas, objetos, recursos, datos o herramientas que se activan bajo reglas y convencio- nes al servicio de un mo?vil comu?n, y que no podri?an trabajar en aislamiento. En u?ltima instancia, el taller y la oficina pue- den justificarse como medios de “produccio?n” de arquitec- tura, en tanto persiguen una finalidad traducible en objetos, informacio?n, investigacio?n u otra forma de expresio?n.
Fábrica de ilusiones: Coworking, arquitectura y la pacificación de la contracultura
Authors: Carrasco Purull Gonzalo
Published: May 2023

Las tecnologi?as de la informacio?n y las comunicaciones, las economi?as colaborativas y las u?ltimas crisis financie- ras han creado nuevas formas de organizacio?n de los espacios de trabajo, entre los cuales destaca el modelo deCowork. Este sistema organizativo ha producido importantes transformaciones en los espacios de trabajo y en las ciudades, procesos que han venido a exacerbar las condiciones laborales de precariedad que afectan espe- cialmente a las actividades vinculadas a la llamada industria cultural, incluyendo a la arquitectura, impulsando fuertes cambios en la organizacio?n de los espacios de trabajo y sobre las comunidades y barrios, y apoyando procesos de gentrificacio?n. Se trata de un modelo que ha estado caracterizado tanto por el riesgo, la volatilidad y la incertidumbre econo?mica como por la apropiacio?n y la reificacio?n de si?mbolos e ima?genes provenientes de los principales movimientos contraculturales del siglo XX

Abstract_

Information and communication technologies, collaborative economies and the latest financial crises have created new ways of organizing workspaces, among which the Cowork model stands out. This organizational system has produced important transformations in workspaces and in cities, processes that have exacerbated precarious working conditions that especially affect activities linked to the so-called cultural industry, including architecture, promoting strong changes in the organization of workspaces, communities and neighborhoods, and supporting gentrification processes. It is a model that has been characterized by both risk, volatility and economic uncertainly, as well as by the appropriation and reification of symbols and images from the main countercultural movements of the 20th Century.
Espacio de teoría el taller de arquitectura
Authors: Lausana Suiza
Published: May 2023

Hacia el final de los an?os sesenta, el taller de arquitectura experimento? un giro “conceptual” que unos cincuenta an?os ma?s tarde se convertiri?a, insospechadamente, en el modelo de los actuales espacios de los start-up, las “incubadoras de negocios” y los think-tank que han surgido de los capitales de riesgo y las economi?as asociadas al crowdfunding. Este arti?culo destaca cinco rasgos del ambiente del taller de arquitectura post-sesenta, rasgos que lo convierten en un tipo especi?fico de generador creativo: disciplina, interaccio?n social, notacio?n, multimedios y cri?tica. Tradicionalmente, los arquitectos han restado el trabajo del taller. Ramas de la economi?a ma?s expertas en relaciones pu?blicas han descubierto la burbuja creativa de los arquitectos. Por lo tanto, estos necesitan despertar y reclamar como propias las herramientas con- ceptuales que han desarrollado durante de?cadas. La falsa modestia no deberi?a seguir mostra?ndose como una virtud.

Abstract_

Somewhere around the late 60's, the architectural studio underwent a 'conceptual' turn which, some fifty years later, would unknowingly become the model for the now fashionable 'start-up', 'business incubator' and 'think-tank' spaces that have sprung up from the venture capital and crowdfunding economies. This article highlights five of the features of the post 60's architectural studio environment, which make it into a specific kind of creative generator: discipline, social interaction, notation, multi-media and critique. Architects have traditionally played down the disciplinary knowhow and compound expertise that they have mastered for a long time, and that has shaped the work environment of the studio. With the discovery of their creative bubble by more PR-savvy branches of the economy, architects need to wake up and lay claim to the conceptual tools that they have developed over many decades. False modesty should no longer parade as a virtue.
ARQUITECTURA PARA MÁS-QUE- HUMANOS
Authors: Otero Verzier Marina
Published: May 2023

En su proyecto New Babylon (1956–1974), el artista Constant Nieuwenhuys propone una sociedad alterna- tiva que dedica todo su tiempo a la creatividad y al juego, en la que el trabajo humano se vuelve superfluo. Paradigma arquitecto?nico de espacio libre y el ocio posibilitado por la automatizacio?n del trabajo, New Babylon fue capaz de visualizar, tambie?n, la arquitectura del mundo post-laboral. Un mundo que, cin- cuenta an?os despue?s, empieza a tomar formas concretas. Hoy, la arquitectura de la plena automatizacio?n esta? implementa?ndose en lugares como Holanda y China. Su introduccio?n agita los mercados laborales, asi? como la configuracio?n de espacios y tareas humanas que han quedado obsoletos con la irrupcio?n de las ma?quinas en los centros productivos. Estos cambios disruptivos, sin embargo, tambie?n podri?an ser un detonante para la reinvencio?n de las nociones del trabajo humano y su arquitectura, desde la perspectiva de su posible obsolescencia. La disciplina arquitecto?nica enfrenta el desafi?o de responder a la introduccio?n de las tecnologi?as de automatizacio?n. Dominio de investigacio?n e innovacio?n que au?n carece de una pers- pectiva espacial cri?tica, la arquitectura automatizada es, sin embargo, fundamental para discernir un futuro inminente y, en u?ltima instancia, para explorar nuestra agencia y la capacidad de aceptarlo o desafiarlo.
Retrofitting Suburban Settlements. A project for Limburg
Authors: Vittorio Aureli Pier , Tattara Martino
Published: May 2023

One of the rising challenges for architects is to rethink the future of suburban territories built through the repetition of the detached single-family house. If until the 90’s the suburbs offered an attractive way of life, today many suburban territories arein demographic and economic decline. The province of Limburg in Flanders (Belgium) is a clear example of such condition. The article illustrates a design-research project that aimed at rethinking this suburban territory as a place where new generations could live and work. By reflecting on the historical circumstances that led to the construction of this suburban region, on the recent transformations of domestic space, and on the potential of landscape resources to restructure sprawling territories, the proposal becomes a wider case through which to start rethinking the condition of living and working in the contemporary city.
İslam Öncesi Arap Tarihi, M. Şemsettin Günaltay
Authors: OKUTAN Miraç
Published: May 2023

Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’i doğru anlayabilmek için, nazil olduğu zamanın ve zeminin incelenmesi gerekir. Kur’ân, miladi yedinci asırda, Hicaz bölgesinde ve ilk muhatap kitlenin diliyle nazil olmuş bir kitaptır. Bundan dolayı söz konusu dönemin, yerin ve toplumun özellikleri göz ardı edilerek yapılan anlama ve yorum faaliyetleri eksik kalacaktır.
English Teachers’ Perceptions of Classroom Management Skills at a High School in Quang Ninh province
Authors: Men  , Dinh Thi
Published: May 2023

This study aims to study English teachers’ perceptions of classroom management necessary skills at a high school in Quang Ninh. An exploratory research design was applied in this study. Eight English teachers were purposively chosen to participate in the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect necessary data about the teachers’ perceptions of classroom management skills and the use of those skills in managing their English classes. The informal interview was then conducted to obtain in-depth information about teachers’ perceptions and reasons for what they did in the class. The collected data was analysed quantitatively and qualitatively and presented in tables and translation scripts. Results of the study revealed that English teachers at a high school in Quang Ninh province have a positive perception of their roles in managing the learning process of their students. They all played 8 dominant roles in managing their class. (Controller, Organizer, Assessor, Prompter, Participant, Resource, Tutor, and Observer). In addition, in order to play the roles through classroom activities more effectively, besides having a deep understanding of the teacher’s roles, the ways of acting their roles, and knowing how to apply them appropriately
Delirium is under-reported in discharge summaries and in hospital administrative systems: a systematic review
Authors: Ibitoye Temi , So Sabrina , Shenkin Susan D. , Anand Atul , Reed Matthew J. , Vardy Emma R. L. C. , Pendelbury Sarah T , MacLullich Alasdair M. J.
Published: May 2023

Background

Accurate recording of delirium in discharge summaries (DS) and hospital administrative systems (HAS) is critical for patient care.

Objective

To systematically review studies reporting the frequency of delirium documentation and coding in DS and HAS, respectively.

Method

We searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases from inception to 23 June 2021. Eligibility criteria included requiring the term delirium in DS or HAS. Screening and full-text reviews were performed independently by two reviewers. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project tool.

Results

The search yielded 7,910 results; 24 studies were included. The studies were heterogeneous in design and size (N=25 to 809,512). Mean age ranged from 57 to 84 years. Four studies reported only overall DS documentation and HAS coding in whole hospital or healthcare databases. Twenty studies used additional delirium ascertainment methods (e.g. chart review) in smaller patient subsets. Studies reported either DS figures only (N=8), HAS figures only (N=11), or both (N=5). Documentation rates in DS ranged from 0.1% to 64%. Coding rates in HAS ranged from 1.5% to 49%. Some studies explored the impact of race, and nurse versus physician practice. No significant differences were reported for race; one study reported that nurses showed higher documentation rates in DS relative to physicians. Most studies (N=22) had medium to high RoB.

Conclusion

Delirium is a common and serious medical emergency, yet studies show considerable under-documentation and under-coding in healthcare systems. This has important implications for patient care and service planning. Healthcare systems need to take action to reach satisfactory delirium documentation and coding rates.
Ruffle: Rapid 3-Party Shuffle Protocols
Authors: A Pranav Shriram , Koti Nishat , Kukkala Varsha Bhat , Patra Arpita , Raj Gopal Bhavish , Sangal Somya
Published: May 2023

Secure shuffle is an important primitive that finds use in several applications such as secure electronic voting, oblivious RAMs, secure sorting, to name a few. For time-sensitive shuffle-based applications that demand a fast response time, it is essential to design a fast and efficient shuffle protocol. In this work, we design secure and fast shuffle protocols relying on the techniques of secure multiparty computation. We make several design choices that aid in achieving highly efficient protocols. Specifically, we consider malicious 3-party computation setting with an honest majority and design robust ring-based protocols. Our shuffle protocols provide a fast online (i.e., input-dependent) phase compared to the state-of-the-art for the considered setting. To showcase the efficiency improvements brought in by our shuffle protocols, we consider two distinct applications of anonymous broadcast and secure graph computation via the GraphSC paradigm. In both cases, multiple shuffle invocations are required. Hence, going beyond standalone shuffle invocation, we identify two distinct scenarios of multiple invocations and provide customised protocols for the same. Further, we showcase that our customized protocols not only provide a fast response time, but also provide improved overall run time for multiple shuffle invocations. With respect to the applications, we not only improve in terms of efficiency, but also work towards providing improved security guarantees, thereby outperforming the respective state-of-the-art works. We benchmark our shuffle protocols and the considered applications to analyze the efficiency improvements with respect to various parameters.
CERTainty: Detecting DNS Manipulation at Scale using TLS Certificates
Authors: Tsai Elisa , Kumar Deepak , Sundara Raman Ram , Li Gavin , Eiger Yael , Ensafi Roya
Published: May 2023

DNS manipulation is an increasingly common technique used by censors and other network adversaries to prevent users from accessing restricted Internet resources and hijack their connections. Prior work in detecting DNS manipulation relies largely on comparing DNS resolutions with trusted control results to identify inconsistencies. However, the emergence of CDNs and other cloud providers practicing content localization and load balancing leads to these heuristics being inaccurate, paving the need for more verifiable signals of DNS manipulation. In this paper, we develop a new technique, CERTainty, that utilizes the widely established TLS certificate ecosystem to accurately detect DNS manipulation, and obtain more information about the adversaries performing such manipulation. We find that untrusted certificates, mismatching hostnames, and blockpages are powerful proxies for detecting DNS manipulation. Our results show that previous work using consistency-based heuristics is inaccurate, allowing for 72.45% false positives in the cases detected as DNS manipulation. Further, we identify 17 commercial DNS filtering products in 52 countries, including products such as SafeDNS, SkyDNS, and Fortinet, and identify the presence of 55 ASes in 26 countries that perform ISP-level DNS manipulation. We also identify 226 new blockpage clusters that are not covered by previous research. We are integrating techniques used by CERTainty into active measurement platforms to continuously and accurately monitor DNS manipulation.
How to Combine Membership-Inference Attacks on Multiple Updated Machine Learning Models
Authors: Jagielski Matthew , Wu Stanley , Oprea Alina , Ullman Jonathan , Geambasu Roxana
Published: May 2023

A large body of research has shown that machine learning models are vulnerable to membership inference (MI) attacks that violate the privacy of the participants in the training data. Most MI research focuses on the case of a single standalone model, while production machine-learning platforms often update models over time, on data that often shifts in distribution, giving the attacker more information. This paper proposes new attacks that take advantage of one or more model updates to improve MI. A key part of our approach is to leverage rich information from standalone MI attacks mounted separately against the original and updated models, and to combine this information in specific ways to improve attack effectiveness. We propose a set of combination functions and tuning methods for each, and present both analytical and quantitative justification for various options. Our results on four public datasets show that our attacks are effective at using update information to give the adversary a significant advantage over attacks on standalone models, but also compared to a prior MI attack that takes advantage of model updates in a related machine-unlearning setting. We perform the first measurements of the impact of distribution shift on MI attacks with model updates, and show that a more drastic distribution shift results in significantly higher MI risk than a gradual shift. We also show that our attacks are effective at auditing differentially private fine tuning. We make our code public on Github: https://github.com/stanleykywu/model-updates.
Examining the Hydra: Simultaneously Shared Links in Tor and the Effects on its Performance
Authors: Pahl Sebastian , Adamsky Florian , Kaiser Daniel , Engel Thomas
Published: May 2023

Tor is a popular privacy-enhancing technology that allows anonymous communication using onion routing. However, such technologies are only helpful if used; therefore, performance is an important aspect. One of the main performance bottlenecks of Tor is the cross-circuit interference (CCI) problem. Tor multiplexes multiple circuits over a single Transport Layer Security (TLS) 1.2 connection if they share a path segment (link). Therefore, they have the same congestion window, which can yield unfair bandwidth allocation. However, there has been little work in understanding this problem in more depth. This paper investigates the number of simultaneously shared links in the current Tor network, which are the root cause of CCI. We developed a novel shared links simulator called SALSA to investigate this problem. Our results show that 3.7 % of active links are shared, and the involving Onion Routers (ORs) have the most common bandwidth capabilities. Additionally, we show that the internal circuits and exit policy influence the CCI problem. Furthermore, we model the number of shared links when the demand grows further and show that the number of shared links can go up to 16 %. Finally, we run Shadow simulations with a 25 % down-scaled Tor network and show that a network without shared links is faster.
Blocking JavaScript Without Breaking the Web: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Amjad Abdul Haddi , Shafiq Zubair , Gulzar Muhammad Ali
Published: May 2023

Modern websites heavily rely on JavaScript (JS) to implement legitimate functionality as well as privacy-invasive advertising and tracking. Browser extensions such as NoScript block any script not loaded by a trusted list of endpoints, thus hoping to block privacy-invasive scripts while avoiding breaking legitimate website functionality. In this paper, we investigate whether blocking JS on the web is feasible without breaking legitimate functionality. To this end, we conduct a large-scale measurement study of JS blocking on 100K websites. We evaluate the effectiveness of different JS blocking strategies in tracking prevention and functionality breakage. Our evaluation relies on quantitative analysis of network requests and resource loads as well as manual qualitative analysis of visual breakage. First, we show that while blocking all scripts is quite effective at reducing tracking, it significantly degrades functionality on approximately two-thirds of the tested websites. Second, we show that selective blocking of a subset of scripts based on a curated list achieves a better trade-off. However, there remain approximately 15% “mixed” scripts, which essentially merge tracking and legitimate functionality and thus cannot be blocked without causing website breakage. Finally, we show that fine-grained blocking of a subset of JS methods, instead of scripts, reduces major breakage by 3.8× while providing the same level of tracking prevention. Our work highlights the promise and open challenges in fine-grained JS blocking for tracking prevention without breaking the web.
Advantages of using micro-implant during camouflaged treatment of the non-growing Class III malocclusion: case report with in-detail discussion
Authors: Rezaei Hamid , Dovbenko Svitlana
Published: May 2023

Background. Camouflaged orthodontic treatment as a possible rehabilitation algorithm may be proposed for the Class III malocclusion patients without remaining growth potential.

Objective. To discuss clinically significant aspects of providing camouflaged orthodontic treatment for the non-growing Class III malocclusion with the usage of temporary-anchorage devices based on presented clinical case.

Materials and Methods. Primary cohort of the publications related with the camouflaged treatment of the non-growing Class III malocclusion was formed through the literature search within PubMed database using MESH-terms and the analogical keywords within Google Scholar search engine.

Results. In present case report it was possible to achieve pleasant facial profile, and Class I occlusion with normal anterior-posterior relationships in patient with initial Class III malocclusion. The mandible arch length deficiency was corrected within the mandibular dentition, and normal alignment was achieved without altering the arch form and width parameter due to the use of Class III elastics and micro-implants as absolute anchorage. Systematized advantages of using skeletal anchorage for Class III orthodontic treatment include following: minimized drawback of dental-based anchorage, possibility for greater maxillary advancement, maximization of skeletal effect and minimization of clockwise mandible rotation, forming conditions for elastics wear during whole day with possibility to employ smaller traction forces, while minimizing risk of unwanted changes in any craniofacial structures.

Conclusion. Camouflaged orthodontic correction is a reliable treatment option for Class III malocclusion patients without remaining growth potential. Micro-implants as skeletal anchorage devices represent reliable opportunity for camouflaged orthodontic treatment of Class III malocclusion patients and changes the need in orthognathic surgery.
BUTEA MONOSPERMA: ETHANOMEDICINAL STUDIES AND PHARMACOLOGY: A REVIEW
Authors: Methaniya Dharti , Rathore Riddhi , Hitesh Solanki
Published: May 2023

Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub (Syn Butea frondosa Family Fabaceae), also known as "palas" and "Flame of forest," is one of several natural crude medications used in traditional medicine that have the ability to treat a variety of diseases and ailments1. Butea monosperma is a tropical and subtropical climate tree that grows gregariously in woods, open grasslands, and wastelands in India's drier regions. It thrives in a broad range of soil types, including saline or wet soils, clay loams, shallow, gravelly locations, and black cotton soil. It is an upright, 12- to 15-meter-tall tree with a crooked trunk and uneven branches. Butea monosperma comes in a number of species all over the world. 3 foliate, big, and pointed leaves are present. Many components from Butea species, including amides, lactones, flavonoids, sterols, and alkaloids, have been identified. For products like feed, fuel, fibers, timber, gum or resin, dyestuff, and historically for a number of ailments, Butea monosperma is recognized as a trustworthy source. Pharmacologically, Butea monosperma has been linked to a number of effects, including anthelmintic, anticonvulsant, and anticonceptive4. anti-diabetic, anti-diarrheal, anti-estrogenic, anti-fertility, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-stress, chemopreventive, hemagglutinating, hepatoprotective, radical-scavenging, thyroid inhibitory, antiperoxidative, anti-hyperglycemic, and wound healing properties. The current review goes into great detail into the morphology, ethnobotany, phytochemical components, and traditional uses of each plant part, as well as the products made by the plant and the pharmacological functions of each plant part [7].
A REVIEW ON BIOACTIVITY OF GRANGEA MADERASPATANA (L) POIR.
Authors: Chaudhary Nirali , Chauhan Jyoti , Maitreya Bharat
Published: May 2023

Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir., also known as Madras Carpet, is a medicinal flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. This is a common weed that grows in sandy soils and waste areas. This plant has produced a wide range of phytochemical substances. It has been used for thousands of years in traditional Ayurveda Indian medicine to treat a number of diseases. This plant has oestrogenicity, antifertility, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, cytotoxic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, diuretic, and antibacterial effects have all been studied. The leaves have stomachic, a sedative, carminative, emmenagogue, and antiflatulent properties. The review covers biological activity phytochemicals derived from these plants in detail.
A REVIEW ON CARBON SEQUESTRATION (NON-DESTRUCTIVE METHOD) IN URBAN ECOSYSTEM
Authors: Maitreya Anusha , Maitreya Aanal , Mankad Archana , Modi Nainesh
Published: May 2023

Vegetation serves several critical functions in the biosphere, at all possible spatial scales. First, vegetation regulates the flow of numerous biogeochemical cycles, most critically those of water, carbon, and nitrogen; it is also of great importance in local and global energy balances. Such cycles are important not only for global patterns of vegetation but also for those of climate. The results of the vegetation study can be accompanied by other ecological parameters to assess the changes occurring in the local ecology The results may further be utilized to study the capability of the vegetation cover to mitigate the harmful effects of pollutionØ the results of the study may further be utilized to create a framework for planning and developing urban areas having higher carbon mitigating capabilities.Trees absorb Carbon dioxide from atmosphere and stored by photosynthesis, balancing the atmospheric Carbon dioxide in form of Carbon as Biomass. Rapid urbanization, Industrializing and imposes grand societal and environmental challenges such as compromised human health, alternation of local and emission by Using diverse types of land use pattern in increase the carbon sink of Forestry. The role of trees in the Forest In carbon cycles quite predictable (Singh & all, 2000) Regional climate, loss of natural habitats and biodiversity and degradation of water and Air quality. In recent decades, there has been much research accompanying quantifying the C sequestration of Urban Forests (Pataki et al., Zhao. Zhan et al. Accurate quantification of the Carbon storage in various in various urban forest is critical to improving our understanding of the role of urban green space in the urban carbon balance. Carbon sequestration estimation done by various methods like, Estimation of Tree volume, Above Ground Biomass, Below Ground Biomass, Total Biomass, Total Carbon Content, Determination of weight of Carbon dioxide sequestration in the Tree etc.
Lei Maria da Penha: Uma análise acerca da sua aplicabilidade às mulheres transexuais e travestis
Authors: Nunes Marina Pantoja , Smith Thássila Gabriela Mota , Freitas Juliana Rodrigues
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo analisa a aplicabilidade da Lei Maria da Penha às mulheres transexuais e travestis. O estudo perpassa pela historicidade do Movimento Feminista Latino Americano e pelo surgimento do Movimento Transfeminista no Brasil, bem como pela luta para a efetivação da Lei Maria da Penha, apresentando reflexões acerca da diferenciação de gênero e sexo para o melhor entendimento desses conceitos e melhor aplicação no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Por fim, o artigo apresenta também a análise de alguns casos, de modo a investigar o comportamento do sistema jurídico em relação à aplicação da referida lei às mulheres transexuais e travestis.
Karakteristik Dan Model Pendidikan Islam Bagi Abk Tuna Grahita
Authors: Maulida Nurul Hikmah  , Hilmi Abdussalam Zaini  , Rio Saputra  , Candra Kirana
Published: May 2023

This study aims to analyze the characteristics and models of Islamic education for mentally retarded children. The following research is aresearch with a descriptive type of qualitative method. The results of this study indicate that the Islamic education model for mentally retarded children also requires strategies and methods in the learning process, therefore educators need to understand the characteristics of children with special needs and then obtain models in the teaching process. Education is a right and obligation for every individual. Especially for Muslims, namely Islamic education. Islamic religious education is not only given to normal children, but also to children who have mental or mental disorders, including children with mental retardation. In Islamic education, children with mental retardation need to have a model or strategy in their education or learning. Therefore, it is important for educators to understand the characteristics of children with special disorders such as mentally retarded children with special needs. Islamic education for mentally retarded children is usually carried out using oral methods, modeling, and practice.
Pentingnya Kontribusi Orang Tua Terhadap Lembaga Pendidikan Dalam Peningkatan Mutu Sekolah
Authors: Clarisa Ayu Aprilia  , Novia Ayya Shofia  , Wann Nurdiana Sari
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of the contribution of parents to educational institutions in improving school quality. The focus of this problem is so that all parents out there know the role that parents should give to their children. That parents play a very important role in contributing to educational institutions because to achieve good quality education, the role of parents is needed to guide their children in the education process. The educational process of children is not only the responsibility of the school, but also the responsibility of the parents. This type of research uses descriptive quantitative research. The results of the study are used to show parental participation in education, especially in contributing to educational institutions. Because parents are the main factor in achieving the education process. With the support and cooperation of all parties in order to realize the common goal of improving the quality of education. Because to create quality students, a quality education is needed as well.
Si-Dimas: Model Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Duafa Berbasis Masjid
Authors: Dian Luthvita Nadila  , Yeyen Novita  , Zulafa Maulania Agta Dhiyanda  , Arna Asna Annisa
Published: May 2023

This research is aimed at studying solutions to improve welfare based on mosques by optimizing infaq and alms funds in fostered villages. This research uses qualitative methods and uses case studies. The main technique in collecting data is observation and in-depth interviews. The results of the research obtained indicate that the optimization of infaq and alms funds is one way to improve the welfare of poor people in the target villages through the SI-DIMAS concept. With the principle of fair and sustainable, this concept is endeavored to provide prosperity for the poor. The implementation of this concept is supported by the existence of synergy between LP2M as a campus research institute, KSEI as one of the UKMs engaged in the economy, mosque administrators as infaq and alms administrators at the mosque and the poor as aid in making UMKM from infaq and alms funds with the covenant qardhul hasan. (Monitoring and Evaluating) to minimize the risk of loss due to both the income that can be distributed as an effort to improve the welfare of the people in the target villages.
Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan dan Kecerdasan Intelectual Terhadap Perencanaan Keuangan Dengan Kecerdasan Emosional Sebagai Pemoderasi
Authors: Sitorus Riris Rotua , Tambun Sihar , Cahyati Erna
Published: May 2023

Abstract: This study aimed to examine and analyze the effect of financial literacy and intellectual intelligence on healthy financial planning with emotional intelligence as a moderating variable. The samples in this study were 150 respondents who were students at various universities. The adequacy of the number of respondents was based on the approach used Hair. The data collection technique used simple random sampling by distributing research questionnaires in the form of google and then distributing them to social media. The data processing method in this study used Smart PLS software which is used to test hypotheses. The results of this study indicated that intellectual intelligence had a positive and significant effect on financial planning, emotional intelligence had a positive and significant effect on financial planning, moderating the influence of emotional intelligence on intellectual intelligence on healthy financial planning had proven significant. Emotional intelligence can strengthen the influence of intellectual intelligence on financial planning. The results of this study recommended that students who want to have healthy financial planning, they should be able to consider which needs are more important and understand how to make good financial planning.
Pengaruh Solvabilitas, Kepemilikan Institusional, dan Komisaris Independen terhadap Pengungkapan Manajemen Risiko
Authors: Dwi Urip Wardoyo  , Nanda Daru Ramdhani  , Ruhuphy Ramadhan
Published: May 2023

Pengungkapan manajemen risiko adalah informasi yang disusun oleh perusahaan untuk mengungkapkan kondisi risiko dan pengelolaannya. Pengungkapan manajemen risiko merupakan upaya perusahaan untuk menjelaskan kepada pengguna laporan tahunan, sehingga dapat dijadikan faktor pertimbangan dalam pengambilan keputusan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh solvabilitas, kepemilikan institusional, dan komisaris independen terhadap pengungkapan manajemen risiko pada perusahaan sektor transportasi dan logistik yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2018-2020. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 66 sampel dengan menggunakan teknik sampel purposive sampling. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa solvabilitas, kepemilikan institusional, dan komisaris independen berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan manajemen risiko perusahaan transportasi dan logistik yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2018-2020.
Analisis Wacana Kritis Model Teun A. Van Dijk pada Pemberitaan “Satgas Covid-19 Ingatkan Prokes Wajib Ditaati” dalam Media Cetak Suara Merdeka
Authors: Pramitasari Afrinar , Nanda Ayu Clarasida
Published: May 2023

Pemberitaan tentang covid-19 menjadi berita yang hangat dibicarakan dalam kehidupan, terutama dalam media cetak yang selalu menginformasikan berita terkini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mendeskripsikan struktur dalam teks berita menurut kajian Van Dijk, dan (2) mendeskripsikan karateristik AWK dalam teks berita. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan model AWK Teun A. Van Dijk. Data penelitian berupa teks berita berjudul “Satgas Covid-19 Ingatkan Prokes Wajib Ditaati”dalam media cetak Suara Merdeka edisi desember 2021. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan teknik dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model interaktif dengan tiga langkah yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Berdasarkan analisis dalam struktur teks dalam pemberitaan berjudul “Satgas Covid-19 Ingatkan Prokes Wajib Ditaati” surat kabar Suara Merdeka telah sejalan dengan struktur-struktur teori Van Dijk yaitu struktur makro, struktur supra teks, dan struktur mikro teks. (2) Berdasarkan karakteristik analisis wacana kritis yaitu tindakan, konteks, histori, kekuasaan dan ideologi dapat mempengaruhi opini dalam penulisan teks surat kabar.