bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TỐI ƯU HÓA QUY TRÌNH SẢN XUẤT PHÂN BÓN DẠNG LỎNG TỪ BÃ MEN BIA SỬ DỤNG CHẾ PHẨM ENZYME ALCALASE THƯƠNG MẠI
Authors: Định Thị Kim Hoa , Lưu Hồng Sơn , Tạ Thị Lượng , Lê Minh Châu , Dương Ngọc Dương , Trần Văn Chí , Vi Đại Lâm , Nguyễn Thị Tình , Nguyễn Văn Duy , Ngô Xuân Bình
Published: January 2021

Mục đích của nghiên cứu là khảo sát đơn yếu tố ảnh hưởng của tỷ lệ phối trộn thích hợp giữa enzyme (E) và chế phẩm vi sinh vật có ích (EM), tỉ lệ nước bổ sung, nhiệt độ ủ, thời gian ủ tới quá trình thủy phân bã men bia bằng chế phẩm enzyme alcalase. Các thí nghiệm đơn nhân tố thu được kết quả tỉ lệ enzyme và chế phẩm EM bổ sung là EM 2% + E 1,5%, tỉ lệ nguyên liệu/nước là 1/3, nhiệt độ thủy phân là 45ºC và thời gian là 8h giờ. Trên cơ sở khảo sát từng yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến điều kiện thủy phân, cho thấy các thông số tỷ lệ phối trộn giữa enzyme và EM, tỷ lệ nước bổ sung, nhiệt độ và thời gian thủy phân là những yếu tố ảnh hưởng mạnh đến quá trình thủy phân. Bằng phương pháp quy hoạch thực nghiệm Box- Behnken đã tìm được điều kiện tối ưu quá trình thủy bã men bia là tỷ lệ phối trộn giữa enzyme và EM là EM 2% + E 1,5%,  tỉ lệ nước bổ sung: 1/3, nhiệt độ thủy phân là 45ºC và trong thời gian là 8 giờ. Kết quả thực nghiệm cho kết quả có độ tương thích cao với mô hình.
NGHIÊN CỨU HIỆN TRẠNG SỬ DỤNG ĐẤT VÀ CÔNG TÁC QUẢN LÝ, ĐO ĐẠC BẢN ĐỒ ĐỊA CHÍNH TRÊN ĐỊA BÀN TỈNH THÁI NGUYÊN
Authors: Trần Thị Thu Hiền , Lê Thị Thu , Đàm Thị Thanh Thủy
Published: January 2021

Trong những năm gần đây, tỉnh Thái Nguyên có tốc độ đô thị hóa nhanh, nên công tác quản lý đo đạc và thành lập bản đồ địa chính nhằm quản lý và sử dụng một cách hợp lý, có hiệu quả nhất công tác quản lý nhà nước về đất đai là hết sức cần thiết. Bản đồ địa chính tỉnh Thái Nguyên được thành lập trong hơn 30 năm qua (từ năm 1986 đến nay) bằng công nghệ truyền thống và công nghệ số nên có sự khác biệt về độ chính xác. Các địa phương đo đạc trước năm 2000 bằng công nghệ truyền thống, đo bằng máy kinh vĩ quang cơ, xử lý số liệu, biên tập bản đồ, tính toán diện tích bằng phương pháp thủ công, nên bản đồ có chất lượng hạn chế, độ chính xác thấp, dẫn đến khó khăn cho công tác quản lý đất đai bằng công nghệ thông tin theo hướng hiện đại. Tính đến ngày 31/12/2019 tỉnh Thái Nguyên đã tổ chức thực hiện công tác đo đạc lập bản đồ địa chính cho 180/180 xã, phường, thị trấn thuộc 9 huyện, thành phố, thị xã, khối lượng đã hoàn thành cụ thể như sau: Khối lượng lập lưới địa chính là 979 điểm tại thành phố Thái Nguyên, thành phố Sông Công, huyện Đồng Hỷ, huyện Định Hóa, huyện Võ Nhai, huyện Phú Lương và huyện Đại Từ. Tổng diện tích đã đo đạc lập bản đồ địa chính 340.945,7 ha/352.664 ha, chiếm 96,7% tổng diện tích tự nhiên toàn tỉnh.
THÀNH PHẦN LOÀI ỐC CẠN (GASTROPODA: MOLLUSCA) XÃ BẢN THI VÀ XÃ XUÂN LẠC THUỘC KHU BẢO TỒN LOÀI VÀ SINH CẢNH NAM XUÂN LẠC, HUYỆN CHỢ ĐỒN, TỈNH BẮC KẠN
Authors: Hoàng Ngọc Khắc , Trần Thịnh , Nguyễn Thanh Bình
Published: January 2021

Khu bảo tồn loài và sinh cảnh Nam Xuân Lạc, huyện Chợ Đồn, tỉnh Bắc Kạn là một trong những khu vực núi đá vôi tiêu biểu của miền Bắc Việt Nam, có rừng tự nhiên ít tác động, địa hình hiểm trở, tạo điều kiện cho nhiều loài động thực vật sinh sống. Kết quả điều tra thành phần loài ốc cạn tại các xã ở Xuân Lạc và Bản Thi thuộc Khu bảo tồn sinh cảnh Nam Xuân Lạc đã xác định được 49 loài, thuộc 34 giống, 12 họ, 4 bộ, 3 phân lớp. Trong đó, phân lớp Heterobranchia đa dạng nhất với 34 loài (chiếm 69,39%); Bộ Stylommatophora có thành phần loài đa dạng nhất, với 33 loài (chiếm 67,35%); họ Camaenidae có số loài nhiều nhất, với 16 loài (chiếm 32,65%). Thành phần loài ốc cạn trong khu vực nghiên cứu có phân loại khá phong phú, phù hợp với đặc điểm chung của khu hệ ốc cạn ở miền núi phía Bắc Việt Nam, Đông Nam Á và Nam Trung Quốc. Độ đa dạng của ốc cạn khá cao, với chỉ số Shannon H '' = 3,5. Kết quả nghiên cứu cũng xác định được 7 loài có giá trị kinh tế. Những loài này được người dân địa phương sử dụng làm thực phẩm. Hoạt động khai thác diễn ra nhiều nhất từ ​​tháng 4 đến tháng 7 hàng năm. Với hoạt động khai thác mạnh như hiện nay, nguồn lợi ốc cạn sẽ ngày càng cạn kiệt, một số loài có thể bị đe dọa.
Financial development and poverty reduction in developing countries
Authors: Zulher Zulher , Ratnasih Cicih
Published: January 2021

The poverty becomes a serious problem because of the impact it causes. The factors that affect poverty are economic growth, low education, the limitation of natural resources, the limitation of employment opportunities, capital, and family burdens. All of these factors constitute a vicious circle in the problem of poverty. The problems studied are lag-1 investment, lag-2 investment, employment opportunities, and provincial minimum wages and their effects on the poverty rates in Riau Province, Indonesia. The fundamental problem faced by Riau Province today is the high level of poverty amidst government policies that have not met the expectations. The purpose of this study is to analyze government policies in order to reduce the poverty. The research method used was an explanatory study or hypothesis testing study that aims to explain and test hypotheses for the relationship among variables. The relationship described is a causal (cause-effect) relationship. The data were arranged in the form of time series during 1997-2018. The research model was formulated as a linear function based on the Nerlove's Partial Adjustment Model approach and was recursively analyzed using linear regression through the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The findings of this research model are lag-1 investment, lag-2 investment, employment opportunities, and provincial minimum wages have a significant effect on the poverty rate in Riau Province.
The effect of XBRL adoption on information symmetry in companies’ financial reports through knowledge management: Perceptions of employees of the Jordan securities commission
Authors: Bani-Khalid Tareq O. , El-Dalabeeh Abdelrahman K. , Al-Adamat Abdullah M
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of XBRL adoption on information symmetry in the presence of knowledge management as a mediating variable. Data were collected using a questionnaire distributed to all employees working at the Jordan Securities Commission (JSC). Applying the partial least squares method via SmartPLS-3, the results pointed out that the XBRL had significant positive direct effects on knowledge management and information symmetry, knowledge management had a significant positive direct effect on information symmetry. Hence, a partially mediating significant effect of knowledge management was detected between the XBRL and information symmetry. Accordingly, the study recommended governmental legislative bodies to continue supporting XBRL adoption to improve the quality of financial information. The study also recommends understanding the perceptions of preparers and users of financial statements about challenges that hinder the adoption of XBRL in various commercial sectors in order to improve the consistency of informational content in annual reports.
Impact of human resource accounting on organizations’ financial performance in the context of SMEs
Authors: Khan Sania
Published: January 2021

This study aims to investigate the impact of human resource accounting (HRA) on the overall performance of the organization. By presenting the details of HRA the study identifies various dimensions of organizations’ financial aspects viz., human capital efficiency, organization profitability, return on asset, and return on equity. To understand the impact of various measurements, the study collected required data from 268 responses of human resource and finance departments of SME firms and analyzed the data using linear regression and the result of ANOVA and coefficient values illustrated there is a positive significant effect of HRA on human capital efficiency, organization profitability and return on equity. This is evident that the SME firms in Saudi Arabia are aware of the benefits on HRA of the organization and the only concern is it needs rapid implementation initiatives from the management which is possible with wide awareness across the nation. However, there is no significant effect of HRA on return on assets. This study contributes to the SME firms, human resource departments, and managerial decision-makers to understand the HRA concept and its usefulness to a make positive difference in their financial statements.
Malaysian private entity reporting standard (MPERS) implementation for small and medium enterprises (SMEs)
Authors: Jamil Nurul Nazlia , Rusli Siti Nur Ayuni
Published: January 2021

Malaysian Private Entity Reporting Standard (MPERS) serves as new reporting framework to private entities and significant milestone to the capital market. The qualification for first-time MPERS adoption is incremental and it is important to prepare in advance for private entities if they intend to move to the MPERS or MFRS framework in the near future. A common question that private entities may ask is how far-reaching or how reliable the current Private Entity Reporting Standards (PERS) Framework is comparable to the new MPERS or MFRS framework. The adoption of MPERS is retrospective. The purpose of the analysis is to analyze the implementation of MPERS on small medium enterprises (SMEs) and how they perceive the implementation. The study covers all sectors of the SME sector, namely services, manufacturing, agriculture, construction, mining and quarrying, and is subdivided into Micro, small and medium and in three categories. These sectors were selected based on the SMEs landscape of Malaysia following the issuance of MPERS on February 14, 2014. There were 55 of SMEs participated in this research by answering the questionnaire. The study evaluated using linear regression and the measures of research are based on the factors described in the literature review, influence the variables. Hence, the SMEs experiences have the potential to make respondent’s perception of MPERS also agreeable. The implications of the research highlighted that the implementation of the MPERS still at the infancy level as there are few challenges faced by the SMEs regards to the implementation. Therefore, the regulators and standard setter can identify the challenges and provide appropriate assistance to ensure the financial reports are fairly presented.
The expected impact of applying IFRS (17) insurance contracts on the quality of financial reports
Authors: Dahiyat Ahmad , Owais Walid
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to explore the expected effect of applying the International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 17 Insurance Contracts on the quality of financial reports. The study followed the exploratory descriptive analytical approaches. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to a sample of 120 financial employees in all insurance companies in Jordan. It concluded that the expected impact of applying the standard on the quality of financial reports was significant, especially on the comparability of financial reports, and faithful representation. It was found that there is an expected, statistically significant and positive effect between the application of the standard, and the quality of financial reports in general, and the expected influence of applying the standard and each of comparability, faithful representation, relevance, verifiability, timely, and understandability respectively. The study recommends the application of the standard in the specified time, work to create appropriate conditions, and the need to follow objective assumptions from the company's management for the estimation of cash flows when applying the standard.
Factor determinants of the consumer market development
Authors: Shults Svitlana , Popadynets Nazariy , Bilyk Iryna , Teslya Dmytro , Kosar Nataliya , Karpii Olena , Kubrak Nadiya
Published: January 2021

This paper substantiates that increasing the capacity of the consumer market is an important direction of the life quality improvement policy. Its implementation is the major strategic priority of all reforms in Ukraine. Based on the methods of economic and mathematical modeling, namely constructing the linear multiple regression equation, the level of impact of stimulating and destimulating factors on the consumer capacity of the oblasts of the Carpathian region is determined.
Manager’s ability, wage minimum policy, and firm size on firm performance: An empirical analysis in the real estate and construction sector
Authors: Ha Nguyen Ho Phi , Minh Nguyen Quang
Published: January 2021

The real estate and construction industry have significantly played a particularly important role in economic development in each economy. In the case of Vietnam, the real estate and construction industry have greatly contributed a large proportion to the gross domestic product (GDP) growth with a sustainable annual growth. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of manager’s ability, wage minimum policy, and firm size on firm performance. Using 220 real estate and construction firms in the case of Vietnam, results depict that a greater ability of managers in the real estate and construction sector will significantly enhance the efficiency of businesses. In addition, a larger firm can reach a higher firm efficiency while the efficiency of the real estate and construction firms is not impacted by changes of wage minimum policy.
The magnitude of the investment yield of sharia insurance in Indonesia
Authors: Ismail Mutia
Published: January 2021

The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of the gross domestic product (GDP) and population on the investment yield of sharia insurance in Indonesia. This research used a causal research design with Indonesian sharia insurance as the focus. The secondary data were sourced from the Financial Services Authority (OJK) of Indonesia in 2016–2017. The analysis was performed with Smart Partial Least Square (PLS) software and indicated that the GDP did not influence the investment yield; however, the population did influence the investment yield of sharia insurance in Indonesia. The implications of this study are expected to recommend to the Indonesia Financial Services Authority regarding the impact of the GDP and population on the investment yield in Indonesia. In addition, the implication provides support for the Indonesian monetary policy authorities to anticipate the monetary policy by the Fed, regarding dovish and hawkish sentiments, to encourage capital inflows to emerging countries due to the impact on the development of Sharia/Takaful insurance in Indonesia. A social implication is that the sharia insurance industry in Indonesia can develop if the public can enjoy convenience in applying for premiums and ease in receiving sharia insurance claims. The majority of Indonesia's population of Moslems requires an openness in the process. This study takes a sample of different sharia industry characteristics to compare sharia and conventional types of industry.
Knowledge Sharing, Organizational Capabilities, and Innovation Management to Sustain Competitive Advantage: A Qualitative Multi-Case Study
Authors: Tahat Ghayth
Published: January 2021

The importance of new product development (NPD) and innovative capabilities in marketing, innovation, and business strategy has been recognized by management and researchers. Knowledge management and organizational capabilities are also explored and evaluated by researchers and practitioners. However, the current literature shows a lack of connection between NPD, innovative capabilities, integrated shared knowledge, and organizational capabilities. Also, there is limited knowledge on the impact and the contribution of the integrated shared knowledge and the organizational capabilities to the firm's success, performance, and sustainability. This study aims to determine if there is a link between NPD and innovative capabilities and the integrated shared knowledge and the organization's capability and explore how shared knowledge and the organization's capabilities influence and contribute to NPD, innovative capabilities, and innovative management. A qualitative, multi-site case study through one-on-one, in-depth interviews with primary decision-makers from technology and innovative companies in Jordan is employed. The primary research question is, how do shared knowledge and the organizational capabilities that influence NPD and innovative capability contribute to the firm's success, performance, and sustainability? Respondent interviews are imported and analyzed through NVivo qualitative data analytics software. Findings are also determined using NVivo 11 through theme analysis. A key finding is that shared knowledge and the organization's capabilities are linked and critical for NPD's success and innovative capabilities.
The Moderating Effect of Leaders’ Experience on Leadership Styles and Crisis Management in the Jordanian Hotel Sector
Authors: Alzoubi Raed Hussam , Jaaffar Amar Hisham
Published: January 2021

Crisis management is vital for hotels to survive in the present competitive business climate in Jordan. Previous research into leadership and crisis management produced inconclusive results. Therefore, the influence of a leader’s experience on the relationship between leadership styles and crisis management needed to be further investigated and analyzed. A quantitative study involving a self-administered questionnaire was carried out using respondents in management roles at 3 to 5-star hotels operating in Jordan. The Smart-PLS 3.0 was used to analyze the survey data. Results show that transformational and transactional leadership has a positive and significant relationship with crisis management practice. Furthermore, a leader’s experience plays an important role in improving the relationship between a transformational leadership style and crisis management. However, the results show that although, leadership style is important, a leader’s experience can be of even greater value if they possess a transformational leadership style. From the perspective of contingency theory, when managing a crisis, the style of leadership is contingent on situational factors and a leader with experience may have an extra advantage in influencing his/her subordinates to practice crisis management.
Determinants of Equity Share Price Movement: Evidence From the Nigerian Banking Industry (2000 – 2014)
Authors: Chucks Akan David , Felix Ighosewe Enaibre , Temile Sunny Oteteya
Published: January 2021

Profit maximization is the primary focus of investors. The banking industry is a veritable sector for investment, however, understanding the determinants of profitability is paramount as it assists investors to know where their money should go. This study, therefore, investigates the influence that Earnings per share (EPS) and Non-Financial factors namely: inflation, exchange rate, and interest rate have on share price movement. The Ex-post factor was adopted as the research design. The data on EPS was collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), Factbook, and the financial reports of the selected banks. The data on the Interest rate, Inflation, and Exchange Rate were collected from the Bulletin of CBN. The time-series data were diagnosed using the Unit root test; they were detrended where necessary to avoid a spurious result. The data were then analyzed using multiple regression. Also, Variance inflation factors (VIF) were engaged to test for the multicollinearity of the selected variables; while a heteroskedasticity test was carried out for a result free of heteroskedasticity. The outcome from the analysis displayed a positive but insignificant relationship between EPS and the market price of shares (MPS;); The study also revealed a negative and significant relationship between Inflation share price; while Interest Rate is insignificantly and negatively influencing the share price. Finally, Exchange Rate showed a significant influence on the share price. The researcher, therefore, recommends among others the need for Nigerian listed Banks to endeavor to improve on their EPS as this will increase their share price even though it won't be significant. Inflation displayed a negative and significant effect on the share prices of the quoted Banks in Nigeria; policies that will reverse the geometric rise in the inflation presently experienced in Nigeria should be enacted by the Government.
Conventional and Ultra-fast Analysis Exposing the Harvest Date Impact on Lebanese Olive Oil: The Soury Variety
Authors: Dib Omar H. , Cordella Christophe B. Y. , Yaacoub Rita , Dib Hussein , Locquet Nathalie , Eveleigh Luc , Bassal Ali
Published: January 2021

The impact of harvest period on the quality parameters, polyphenols, fatty acids, sterols, and volatile compounds of Lebanese olive oil from the Soury variety was investigated in this study. Two groups of olive oil were compared, each with a specific harvest date. HD1 was harvested in October, whereas HD2 was picked in November. The analysis of both olive oil categories showed that HD2 witnessed a significant increase in all quality parameters except K270 and a decrease in total polyphenol content from 138 mg/mL to 44 mg/mL. Oleic and linoleic acids had an inverse relation, where the former decreased and the latter increased with the harvest date’s advancement. Palmitic acid in both groups was higher than the standards set for extra virgin olive oil. The relative amount of β -Sitosterol was mainly found to decrease, while those of stigmasterol, ∆5,24 -stigmastadienol, ∆7 -stigmastenol, and ∆7 -avenasterol increased with delaying harvest time. As for the volatile compounds, principle component analysis was used on the flash GC data to differentiate HD1 from HD2. Ethanol was found mostly characterizing HD2, whereas HD1 was influenced by 1-hexanol and (E,E)-2,4-decadienal. It can be concluded that the Soury variety should be harvested early, and a delay would result in the declassification of Lebanese olive oil quality from extra virgin to virgin olive oil.
Diurnal Variation: Does It Affect Short-term Maximal Performance and Biological Parameters in Police Officers?
Authors: Dergaa Ismail , Varma Amit , Musa Sarah , Chaabane Mokhtar , Ben Salem Ali , Fessi Mohamed Saifeddin
Published: January 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the diurnal variation of short term maximal performance and biological markers of hormonal [cortisol (CRT), testosterone (TST), melatonin (MLT)], biochemical [creatine phosphokinase (CPK), blood glucose (GLC), uric acid (UA)] and hematological [white blood cells (WBC), monocytes (MO), neutrophils (NE), lymphocytes (LY), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HB), hematocrit (HMT)] parameters in male police officers. Methods: Twenty male police officers performed a running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST) at two different times of the day (TOD), in the morning (6:00 h - 7:00 h) and evening (19:00 - 20:00) where blood samples were collected from the participants on these two occasions before each exercise session. Results: Short term maximal performance [Peak power (PP), average power (AP) and minimal power (MP)] was higher in the evening as compared to the morning. It was noted that biological markers of hormonal, biochemical and hematological parameters exhibit diurnal fluctuation. Some of them peak in the morning (MLT, CRT, TST, UA, RBC, HB, and HMT) and others peak in the evening (GLC, CPK, WBC, NE, LY, and MO). Conclusions: Short term maximal performance, hormonal, biochemical and hematological parameters were strongly affected by the TOD in police officers. Thus, understanding changes in short term maximal exercice and these circulating mediators during different TOD provide a better understanding of the anaerobic metabolism and could help modulate and quantify training load.
Magnetic Resonance Appearance of Pulmonary Type of Primary Small Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Du Xuechao , Sun Pengtao , Zhao Yuan , Yan Yuchang , Pan Zhenyu
Published: January 2021

: The pulmonary type of primary small cell carcinoma of the ovary (SCCOPT) is a rare aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis, usually occurring in postmenopausal women. Few literatures have emphasized on the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features. In this paper, we analyze its MR imaging findings in combination with pathological manifestations. We report a case of a 51-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain and distension. Several tumor markers were elevated. MR scan of the pelvis was performed. It revealed a heterogeneous lobulated mass with solid and cystic components originating from the right adnexa. The patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Histology showed a tumor comprising areas of classical small-cell carcinoma, and SCCOPT was diagnosed based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. SCCOPT is a rare aggressive malignancy with certain characteristic imaging features. The solid component exhibits slightly higher signal on T2-weighted imaging with fat suppression, restricted diffusion on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps, and honeycomb-like persistent enhancement. More data are needed to better understand its specific imaging manifestations.
Quality Analysis of Antimicrobial Restriction Policy in Pediatrics
Authors: da Silva Andre Ricardo Araujo , Dias Deborah Cardoso Albernaz de Almeida
Published: January 2021

Background: Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are coordinated programs developed in recent years to promote the appropriate use of antimicrobials and reduce microbial resistance. One important action for a successful ASP is the implementation of an antimicrobial policy restriction. Objective: The study analyzed the quality of target-antimicrobial requisitions after the introduction of an antimicrobial policy restriction for children. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and three pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). An ASP was implemented in October 2016, and 14 target antimicrobials were selected to be prescribed after pre-approval by a pediatric infectious disease specialist. All requisitions were analyzed according to indication, antimicrobial type, dose, duration, and collection of cultures before administration. There were no exclusion criteria for requisition analysis. Results: Between October 2016 and December 2017, 1,173 patients were admitted to the units with 120 requisitions of target antimicrobials. Sepsis (43/120; 35.8%) was the most common indication, followed by respiratory infections (23/120; 19.2%) and infections in two or more sites (11/120; 9.2%). The most common target antimicrobials requested were meropenem (68/120; 56.7%), amphotericin B lipid formulations (12/120; 10%), teicoplanin (11/120; 9.2%), and linezolid (11/120; 9.2%). In 98 (81.7%) cases, previous cultures before antimicrobial administration were collected. An infectious agent was detected in 52 of the 98 cultures (53.1%), and Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria represented 50% and 26.9% of all positive samples, respectively. Besides, 111 (92.5%) requisitions were approved. In five refused requisitions, a narrow-spectrum antimicrobial was prescribed after further discussion; four were refused due to lack of information, and in one case, the de-escalation of the antimicrobial was possible. No mistake regarding dosage and duration was detected. Conclusions: We found a high-quality rate of target antimicrobial requisition. Antimicrobial policy restriction could contribute to improving the quality of antimicrobial prescription, even in NICUs and PICUs.
PRESERVATION OF TANGIBLE AND INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE: SAMPLE OF TURKISH BATH
Authors: YANAR Ayşem , SÖYLEMEZOĞLU Feryal , ERDOĞAN Zeynep , ÖZGEN Özlen
Published: January 2021

Since the "Turkish bath" is an important symbol of a living and cultural wealth that has been passed down through generations, it is an important example in terms of preserving and maintaining both tangible and intangible cultural heritage together. The aim of the study is to reveal the spatial, functional, and traditional features of the Turkish bath in the concrete and intangible cultural context and to examine the objects of Turkish bath in detail. In the study, it was also aimed to evaluate the baths with historical value and converted into museums in the context of tangible cultural heritage. The method of his study is a descriptive survey model based on reviewing the literature on the cultural heritage and Turkish bath culture. The literature findings are supported with visual materials that highlight the characteristics of Turkish bath objects and reflect the Turkish bath museums, as well as the spatial, functional, and traditional properties of Turkish baths. In the conclusion section of the study, the importance of making efforts to keep the tradition of the Turkish bath alive and to maintain the functions of the historical baths located in almost every city of Anatolia where there is tangible and intangible cultural heritage are mentioned. In cases where this is not possible, it was emphasized that turning historical baths into museums and preventing their disappearance should be seen as a solution at least in terms of protecting the tangible cultural heritage.
UNDERSTANDING THE INITIAL RECTIONS OF TURKISH TWITTER USERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: NAZLI Azra K. , KOCAÖMER Celal , BEŞBUDAK Miray , KÖKER Nahit Erdem
Published: January 2021

This study aims to evaluate the initial reactions of Turkish social media users to the spread of the COVID-19 disease and the consequent pandemic in Turkey. The primary purpose of this investigation is to provide readers with an understanding of the transformative effects of social media on the dissemination of information and feelings, especially in moments of crisis. Content analysis approach was used for the analysis of the selected tweets with codes and themes. The themes broadly identified by the study included personal opinions, humour or sarcasm, requests and questions, emotional state, information sharing, marketing and spam. The initial reactions of Turkish Twitter users on COVID-19 related primarily to sharing personal thoughts, which included the articulation of personal opinions and the critique of the views of others. The second significant response thread involved humour and sarcasm. The third theme is requests and questions including warnings, suggestions, demands and questions.
THE CINEMA OF POETRY: EDIP CANSEVER’S POETRY CONVERGING TO THE FILMIC IMAGE THROUGH OBJECTIVE CORRELATIVE
Authors: TUNALI Dilek , ERSÜMER Ayşen Oluk
Published: January 2021

The term of objective correlative conceptualized by T.S. Eliot could be described as the way of expression of the poet’s passion, thought, and emotion throughout the objects. The concept is beyond metaphor for many theorists. A single item handled by a poet can absorb the poem's whole sensation and show us a rich analytical field letting to connotational and semiological readings. The break out from the linear, classic, rhymed, or dramatic did not only cause a change in the poetry but also in the cinema of the 20th century, generating the modern face of cinema. The imaginary intensity in the poems of Edip Cansever, who is the authentic figure of the Second New generation in Turkish poetry, creates a relationship allowing for affinities and comparisons with the cinematic image approaching the poem. What makes poetry art is that it irrationally reaches self-meaning. It is both a system of rules and a system for violation of these rules. It looks like a kind of disruption, suspension, or a disproportionate growth in which all the meaning load has concentrated upon a single object. There is an equivalent of objective correlative in cinema: "To tell about something with something else". The place where the meaning is loaded is also the place where it is objectified. It is the place to begin reading, thinking, and analyzing. It has now been an object which gains motion to image both in cinema and poetry. The expressions in the poems of Edip Cansever, which are approaching cinematic images through objective correlative correspond to the cinema of poetry and the poetry of cinema. Therefore, the language of poetry and cinema will become rich due to reciprocal interaction and become open to new meanings. Although structuralism and philosophy are more dominant in the article, literature and cinema history researches are also included as supportive areas.
VIRTUAL NETWORK AS THE TECHNOLOGICAL LAYER OF THE PUBLIC SPACE AND ITS EFFECTS ON URBAN SPACES
Authors: KAYA Merve , KANDEMİR Özlem
Published: January 2021

The physical and representational contents of the public space are in a dynamic evolving state with the changes in the social structure and urban structure. In the historical process, the phenomenon of public space has been affected by the developments experienced with the change in the way individuals establish relationships in public life. Today, this transformation has occurred through virtual networks with the development of information and communication technologies. The paper aims to understand the public sphere dynamics that have changed with information and communication technologies. Accordingly, it limits its scope on these questions: How virtual networks affect the representational form of public space? What are the spatial structuring of this new representational public realm? What effect does this transformation have on urban areas that are the physical spaces of public realm? The method of the study is to explain theoretical discussions by supporting examples. In this context, it has been found that virtual networks, known as a new form of public space, transform the representative and physical form of the public space in a multifaceted manner by relocating the way individuals communicate with each other on a virtual layer. In this virtual transformation, it has been seen that the representative public space is now formed on social networks and platforms and the spatial structuring of these areas is defined as virtual network. The effect of virtual networks on the physical spaces of the public realm is possible by clustering data about urban areas in these virtual environments. Therefore, the visibility of virtual networks on the physical spaces of the publicity takes place through the understanding of space usage; moreover, virtual network data, which hybridizes with contemporary urban areas, reveals new qualities in the sense of the city by embodying it through maps. The physical transformation of the public space with information and communication technologies is made possible by the use of virtual network data in the design processes of this new sensory city.
NEW GENERATION CRAFT: IKEA HACK AND ITS TAXONOMY
Authors: BERKTAŞ Sena , DİMLİ ORAKLIBEL Renk
Published: January 2021

In this research, IKEA-hacks are examined according to their main characteristics and classified according to these examinations. In the study, IKEA-hack and Do-It-Yourself (DIY) and the IKEA Effect subjects are included to expose the IKEA-hack issue comprehensively. The IKEA-hacks examined in the classification were selected from the studies on the ikeahackers.net website. At first, a pilot study was carried out and a review table was created as a result of some improvements during the pilot study. The classification includes; the information about the intended use of products before and after the hack, to which hack category they belong to, how many IKEA products have been used in process, the instruments used in procedure, and which spaces the product has been prepared. The hack categories were divided into two main categories as visual and functional modifications. These modifications are discussed under 2 categories and 8 sub-categories. The first category is visual changes that includes only-colour modification (A), material change (B), colour and material change (C) as sub- categories. The second category is dedicated to functional changes and includes sub-categories such as; the products used without any modification but for a purpose other than specified by IKEA (D), improved functionality (E), those with added functionalities (F), modifications on the indented use specified by the company by making some modifications on the product (G), and creating a new product by combining independent parts (H). Among 6313 works presented on the ikeahackers.net website published between 2006 and 2018, 378 works involved in the sample were examined; the analyses were separately performed for every year and the changes were compared between the years. Examining the outcomes, only 21% of the practices were conducted for visual purposes only, %79 is about functionality. In visual based practices, category C comes front in which colour and material change performed at the same time. Whereas in the functional practices, people mostly performed Category G in which hackers redefine the context of usage of the IKEA products.
OTC MEDICINE MARKETING IN SOCIAL MEDIA: INDICATIVE SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS OF PHARMATON AND SUPRADYN ADVERTISEMENTS
Authors: DOĞAN Seyhmus , ÜNALAN Duygu
Published: January 2021

The feedback loop provided by Web 2.0 technology provides an important opportunity for companies to keep the pulse of the consumer. In addition, the low cost of advertising has made social media channels attractive as an advertising platform. In recent years, the increasing importance of new internet and social media technologies as a source of health information has led the pharmaceutical industry to digital channels. The number of drug promotion in the world and Turkey is subject to legal regulations. The products in the group in Turkey only over the counter medicine can be advertised. In this context, in this study, semiotic analysis of the advertisements of Pharmaton and Supradyn supplements on Facebook, Instagram and Youtube, which are classified as non-prescription drugs, has been made in order to reveal how social media environments are used in pharmaceutical marketing. A total of nine advertisements of the products, which were published on the mentioned social media channels between 01.03.2019-31.03.2019, were examined. It has been determined that the promotion of both products focuses on health, wellness and the energy provided by the products with linguistic and visual indicators.
ANALYSIS OF THE REFUNCTIONED MILLET HAMAM THROUGH SPACE SYNTAX
Authors: OKUYUCU Ş. Ebru , ÇOBAN Gamze
Published: January 2021

Space syntax is a model that has been developed based on spatial formation characteristics. The theory of space syntax indicates a strong relationship between spaces and social structures. The concept of space syntax in this study served as a basis for the assessment of the new function displayed by the architectural structure named “Millet Hamamı (Public Hammam)” in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. The spatial use of another architectural structure named “Kültür ve Semt Evi (Local House of Culture)” that was transformed from Millet Hamamı was analyzed in this study. The purpose of this paper is to constitute space organization of Cultural and District Centre, daily use of space, user movement, defining the relation between space and function, analysis of the spatial provision of the existing building-new function relationship. Graphs used in order to make analysis of the space formation and space organization corresponding to the new function of Millet Hamam which has been transformed into Cultural and District Centre constitute the whole set of techniques of the space syntax in the study. The face-to-face interviews performed with the users of the building contributed to the study. As a result of the analysis made through using numerical data, locations of the spaces belonging to refunctioned Cultural and District Centre within the building, the compatibility of all the spaces with their new functions, the usage potential of the spaces and the spatial experiences of the users have been interpreted with respect to existing building-new function scale. In the study, positive and negative outcomes have been evaluated in line with the spatial relations by discussing the spatial provision of the new functions in the Cultural and District Centre and suggestions have been made regarding use of the spaces. As a result of the study, it was stated that the correct choice of function in historical buildings that are planned to be re-functional is possible by analyzing the organization of spaces using the graf method and supporting the data obtained with the views of the building users. This study is important in terms of increasing the usage potential of spaces within a newly-functionalized building, which is different compared to other relevant studies.
SPACE AS A CONTEXT IN DANIEL BUREN’S ART
Authors: RENKÇİ TAŞTAN Tuğba
Published: January 2021

20th century; it is a period in which two world wars took place and a new world order in human history occurred in many areas of innovation, development and transformation. After the war, the meaning, content and boundaries of art and the artist have been discussed, expanded and gained a new dimension and acceleration with the deep changes in the social, economic, political and cultural fields with the crisis brought on by the war. This complex period also manifested itself in the traditional art scene in France. The French artist Daniel Buren (b. 1938) has witnessed this process; by adopting the innovations in art with his productions, he has demonstrated his space-oriented conceptual works dating back to the present day in a period in which daily life accelerates with the mechanization of art practice and conceptual art movements are in succession. In this article, in order to comprehend the point of the artist and his productions from the beginning until today; the cultural environment in France after the World War II, the developments in the art world, the changes in the social field and the artistic dimensions of these changes are mentioned. The development and practices of the French artist Daniel Buren's artistic practice, policy, artistic attitude and style for the place, architecture, workshop and museum in the period from the second half of the 1960s to the present day are examined with examples with certain sources. In this context, the views and concepts that the artist advocates with his original productions are included. Finally, in the research, the evaluations were made in line with the sources and information obtained about the art adventure and development of the artist, and the innovations, contributions and different perspectives he offered about the art are discussed.
Functional Bandaging in Children with Idiopathic Toe Walking
Authors: Tuncer Deniz , Akalan N. Ekin , Caliskan Meliha Mine , Temelli Yener , Yigit Pakize
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND:Idiopathic toe walking (ITW) is a persistent gait pattern with no known etiology, which is characterized as premature heel-rise or no-heel contact. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of functional bandaging in children with ITW on heel-contact during stance phase and gait quality. METHODS:Nineteen children, 4-16 years of age with ITW (mean{plus minus}SD: 7.36{plus minus}3.16) and ten age-matched healthy pairs (mean{plus minus}SD: 7.30{plus minus}2) were included in the study. Elastic adhesive bandages were applied to children with ITW to assist with dorsiflexion. Before bandaging (T0), immediately after initial bandaging (T1), and one week later with the same bandage (T2), the initial contact, loading response, and mid-stance sub-phases of gait were analyzed using light-pressure sensors and the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score (EVGS). Ten age-matched children with typical gait participated for comparison in T0. The data was analyzed by using Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for within-group comparison and Mann-Whitney U tests for between-group comparison. RESULTS:In T0, for the ITW group, no heel contact was observed during stance. In T1, all the participants achieved heel contact at initial contact and loading response; and 56.8%, at mid-stance. In T2, all the heels continued contact at initial contact and loading response; and 54.3%, at mid-stance. The EVGS significantly improved. The Friedman test showed that there were noteworthy improvements between T0-T1 and T0-T2 in VBOGA and EVGS (p < 0.001), although no difference was found between T1-T2 in VBOGA (p = 0,913) and EVGS (p = 0,450). CONCLUSIONS:In this study, for ITW children, dorsiflexion assistive functional bandaging was an effective tool to help achieving heel contact on the ground and improve walking quality for a short period of time after the application. Further studies with longer follow-ups and larger sample sizes are required to confirm the long duration therapeutic effects of this promising functional bandaging.
Market Orientation on Tourism Service Performance: The Mediating Role of E-Marketing
Authors: Paranage Chavindi B. , Kennedy F. B.
Published: January 2021

Aims: In modern turbulent marketplace market orientation is considered a business culture that facilitates firms in achieving sustainable competitive advantage by creating superior customer value and it links to the business performance. With the increasing use of technology in the marketing activities of all types of organizations, it is important to know the extent to which electronic marketing mediates the impact of market orientation in turn, related to firm performance. The aim of this study is to find out “The inter-relationship between market orientation and e-marketing in order to investigate alternative mechanisms through which both contribute to tourism services performance of selected tourist hotels in Badulla area”.

Study Design: Direct and indirect effects of market orientation on tourism service performance are examined using survey method. Primary data were collected from a sample of 156 tourism firms located in Badulla area. Location of those tourists’ firms are mainly falling into four divisional secretariat areas. From 2019 March to July.

Methodology: The collected data has been analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis.

Results: The findings indicate that market orientation is found to contribute to performance through a dual mechanism in that it contributes both directly and indirectly, through e-marketing, to the relationship. And there is a high level of market orientation, e-marketing, and tourism service performance of tourist hotels in Badulla area. Results showed that there is strong positive relationship between market orientation, e-marketing and tourism service performance. Further there is a significant positive impact on market orientation, e-marketing and tourism service performance. The mediation effects observed suggests that e-marketing is playing a partial mediating role in the relationship in between market orientation and tourism service performance of tourist hotels.

Conclusion: The results indicate that academics and managers should consider the inter-relationships between multiple sources of competitive advantage when looking for explanations of services performance and particularly, tourism services.