bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model-Assisted Estimation of Tropical Forest Biomass Change: A Comparison of Approaches
Authors: Knapp Nikolai , Huth Andreas , Kugler Florian , Papathanassiou Konstantinos , Condit Richard , Hubbell Stephen P. , Fischer Rico
Published: May 2018

Monitoring of changes in forest biomass requires accurate transfer functions between remote sensing-derived changes in canopy height (ΔH) and the actual changes in aboveground biomass (ΔAGB). Different approaches can be used to accomplish this task: direct approaches link ΔH directly to ΔAGB, while indirect approaches are based on deriving AGB stock estimates for two points in time and calculating the difference. In some studies, direct approaches led to more accurate estimations, while, in others, indirect approaches led to more accurate estimations. It is unknown how each approach performs under different conditions and over the full range of possible changes. Here, we used a forest model (FORMIND) to generate a large dataset (>28,000 ha) of natural and disturbed forest stands over time. Remote sensing of forest height was simulated on these stands to derive canopy height models for each time step. Three approaches for estimating ΔAGB were compared: (i) the direct approach; (ii) the indirect approach and (iii) an enhanced direct approach (dir+tex), using ΔH in combination with canopy texture. Total prediction accuracies of the three approaches measured as root mean squared errors (RMSE) were RMSEdirect = 18.7 t ha−1, RMSEindirect = 12.6 t ha−1 and RMSEdir+tex = 12.4 t ha−1. Further analyses revealed height-dependent biases in the ΔAGB estimates of the direct approach, which did not occur with the other approaches. Finally, the three approaches were applied on radar-derived (TanDEM-X) canopy height changes on Barro Colorado Island (Panama). The study demonstrates the potential of forest modeling for improving the interpretation of changes observed in remote sensing data and for comparing different methodologies.
Remote Sensing Applied to the Study of Fire Regime Attributes and Their Influence on Post-Fire Greenness Recovery in Pine Ecosystems
Authors: Fernández-García Víctor , Quintano Carmen , Taboada Angela , Marcos Elena , Calvo Leonor , Fernández-Manso Alfonso
Published: May 2018

We aimed to analyze the relationship between fire regime attributes and the post-fire greenness recovery of fire-prone pine ecosystems over the short (2-year) and medium (5-year) term after a large wildfire, using both a single and a combined fire regime attribute approach. We characterized the spatial (fire size), temporal (number of fires, fire recurrence, and return interval), and magnitude (burn severity of the last fire) fire regime attributes throughout a 40-year period with a long-time series of Landsat imagery and ancillary data. The burn severity of the last fire was measured by the dNBR (difference of the Normalized Burn Ratio) spectral index, and classified according to the ground reference values of the CBI (Composite Burn Index). Post-fire greenness recovery was obtained through the difference of the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) between pre- and post-fire Landsat scenes. The relationship between fire regime attributes (single attributes: fire recurrence, fire return interval, and burn severity; combined attributes: fire recurrence-burn severity and fire return interval-burn severity) and post-fire greenness recovery was evaluated using linear models. The results indicated that all the single and combined attributes significantly affected greenness recovery. The single attribute approach showed that high recurrence, short return interval and low severity situations had the highest vegetation greenness recovery. The combined attribute approach allowed us to identify a wider variety of post-fire greenness recovery situations than the single attribute one. Over the short term, high recurrence as well as short return interval scenarios showed the best post-fire greenness recovery independently of burn severity, while over the medium term, high recurrence combined with low severity was the most recovered scenario. This novel combined attribute approach (temporal plus magnitude) could be of great value to forest managers in the development of post-fire restoration strategies to promote vegetation recovery in fire-prone pine ecosystems in the Mediterranean Basin under complex fire regime scenarios.
Failure Impact Assessment for Large-Scale Landslides Located Near Human Settlement: Case Study in Southern Taiwan
Authors: Chung Ming-Chien , Chen Chien-Hsin , Lee Ching-Fang , Huang Wei-Kai , Tan Chih-Hao
Published: May 2018

In 2009, Typhoon Morakot caused over 680 deaths and more than 20,000 landslides in Taiwan. From 2010 to 2015, the Central Geological Survey of the Ministry of Economic Affairs identified 1047 potential large-scale landslides in Taiwan, of which 103 may have affected human settlements. This paper presents an analytical procedure that can be applied to assess the possible impact of a landslide collapse on nearby settlements. In this paper, existing technologies, including interpretation of remote sensing images, hydrogeological investigation, and numerical analysis, are integrated to evaluate potential failure scenarios and the landslide scale of a specific case: the Xinzhuang landslide. GeoStudio and RAMMS analysis modes and hazard classification produced the following results: (1) evaluation of the failure mechanisms and the influence zones of large-scale landslides; (2) assessment of the migration and accumulation of the landslide mass after failure; and (3) a landslide hazard and evacuation map. The results of the case study show that this analytical procedure can quantitatively estimate potential threats to human settlements. Furthermore, it can be applied to other villages and used as a reference in disaster prevention and evacuation planning.
Supervision after Certification: An Evolutionary Game Analysis for Chinese Environmental Labeled Enterprises
Authors: Jin Jie , Zhuang Jun , Zhao Qiuhong
Published: May 2018

An eco-labeling scheme is a method of environmental performance certification that is beneficial for reducing negative environmental impacts and promoting green consumption. Many types of research studies have shown its effectiveness. However, to the best of our knowledge, fewer studies have considered how to supervise and regulate the enterprises after getting certificated. An enterprise may have obtained certification that its product meets the corresponding environmental standards, but without effective supervisions and regulations, it may not continue to implement the standards after being certified. Such behaviors are not only unfavorable to environmental protection, they also harm the eco-labeling scheme. With the consideration that different eco-labeling schemes and standards would result in different interaction relationships among stakeholders, we focus on Chinese Environmental Labeling (CEL), which is a government-sponsored scheme. By utilizing the approach of evolutionary game theory, we built a model including the government agency and enterprise and their strategic interactions. Numerical analyses are applied to verify the modeling analyses and demonstrate the influences of game parameters. Our results indicate that supervisions from the government side are necessary in order for the enterprises to implement the standards, but high supervision costs and low efficiency are the main factors that prevent the government agency from getting more involved. Reducing the executing costs of the enterprises would prompt them to participate more. Additionally, if the government agencies and customers could have a bigger, more positive influence on the enterprises, then the enterprises would likely choose to implement the standards. Our results provide references for the better development of an eco-labeling scheme as well as government environmental policy-making.
Work Integration of the Roma: Between Family and Labor Market
Authors: Dincă Melinda , Lucheș Daniel
Published: May 2018

The social inclusion of the Roma population represents a topical issue that must be considered from both the scientific and social action perspectives. Governments, through their pivotal role in defining societal values and norms, are essential to promoting the social inclusion of vulnerable populations. To argue this perspective, the present study examines some other pivotal social institutions that play relevant roles in the professional insertion of the Roma: family, education, and the residential community. The study uses an interpretative approach, leveraging the institutional ethnography methodology. We found that a key predictor of successful Roma population integration is their occupational integration; therefore, we examined the employment obstacles and barriers Roma ethnics face and the effects of the support of public institutions. The interviewees have an undifferentiated perception of all categories of support provided more by public institutions other than government income sources, and less as social, educational, and social integration resources. The research findings show how employment options for Roma population are dependent on the social practices, customs, and values promoted by their family and communities, with clear consequences on their capacity to enter the labor market and keep a job. Thus, our research supports the necessity for new openings in the study of professional insertion in various work contexts and considering the work perspective, which is derived from the social relations outside the labor market dynamics.
Which Media do Polish Teachers Use to Support Sustainable Development among Students? Analysis of Research
Authors: Mróz Anna , Ocetkiewicz Iwona , Walotek-Ściańska Katarzyna
Published: May 2018

Modern media, to a large extent, create the social, economic and environmental reality. They may become a support for the teachers who implement the assumptions of education for sustainable development in their teaching–learning process. The authors of the present text focused on the problem of using media in teaching by Polish teachers at the 3rd and 4th grade educational level. The main research enquiry was concerning media Polish teachers use to support sustainable development among students. As the results show, Polish teachers are not prepared enough to use the media to promote sustainable development.
Multidisciplinary Investigation of the Imperial Gates of the 17th Century Wooden Church in Sălișca, Cluj County, Romania
Authors: Neamtu Calin , Marutoiu Victor Constantin , Bratu Ioan , Marutoiu Olivia Florena , Marutoiu Constantin , Chirilă Ioan , Dragomir Mihai , Popescu Daniela
Published: May 2018

One of the most beautiful elements of cultural heritage in Romanian villages is the Transylvanian wooden churches. Unfortunately, these heritage elements have experienced considerable deterioration. This paper presents the results of a project whose main goal was the scientific investigation of the Imperial Gates belonging to the wooden church in Sălișca, Cluj County, Romania. To digitally preserve and document the Imperial Gates, a scientific investigation into the wooden support and the painting materials (ground, pigments) were performed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. FTIR spectroscopy provided information about the wooden support, whereas XRF and FTIR methods were used to structurally characterize the painting materials. These structural data were correlated with the artistic, theological, and historical analysis of the religious heritage monument. Starting from the information acquired about the wooden support and the painting materials, the Imperial Gates were three-dimensional (3D) scanned using state-of-the-art laser scanners. The digitization of the Imperial Gates and the interior of the church was performed to maintain the current preservation status and disseminate this information to the public using online instruments.
Mindfulness and Climate Change Action: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Grabow Maggie , Bryan Thomas , Checovich Mary M. , Converse Alexander K. , Middlecamp Cathy , Mooney Margaret , Torres Elisa R. , Younkin Samuel G. , Barrett Bruce
Published: May 2018

Pro-environmental behaviors and the cultural shifts that can accompany these may offer solutions to the consequences of a changing climate. Mindfulness has been proposed as a strategy to initiate these types of behaviors. In 2017, we pilot-tested Mindful Climate Action (MCA), an eight-week adult education program that delivers energy use, climate change, and sustainability content in combination with training in mindfulness meditation, among 16 individuals living in Madison, WI. We collected participant data at baseline and at different times across the study period regarding household energy use, transportation, diet, and health and happiness. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the various MCA study practices including measurement tools, outcome assessment, curriculum and related educational materials, and especially the mindfulness-based climate action trainings. MCA was well-received by participants as evidenced by high adherence rate, high measures of participant satisfaction, and high participant response rate for surveys. In addition, we successfully demonstrated feasibility of the MCA program, and have estimated participant’s individual carbon footprints related to diet, transportation, and household energy.
Tissue Distribution and Elimination of Ciguatoxins in Tridacna maxima (Tridacnidae, Bivalvia) Fed Gambierdiscus polynesiensis
Authors: Roué Mélanie , Darius Hélène Taiana , Ung André , Viallon Jérôme , Sibat Manoella , Hess Philipp , Amzil Zouher , Chinain Mireille
Published: May 2018

Ciguatera is a foodborne disease caused by the consumption of seafood contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs). Ciguatera-like poisoning events involving giant clams (Tridacna maxima) are reported occasionally from Pacific islands communities. The present study aimed at providing insights into CTXs tissue distribution and detoxification rate in giant clams exposed to toxic cells of Gambierdiscus polynesiensis, in the framework of seafood safety assessment. In a first experiment, three groups of tissue (viscera, flesh and mantle) were dissected from exposed individuals, and analyzed for their toxicity using the neuroblastoma cell-based assay (CBA-N2a) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses. The viscera, flesh, and mantle were shown to retain 65%, 25%, and 10% of the total toxin burden, respectively. All tissues reached levels above the safety limit recommended for human consumption, suggesting that evisceration alone, a practice widely used among local populations, is not enough to ensure seafood safety. In a second experiment, the toxin content in contaminated giant clams was followed at different time points (0, 2, 4, and 6 days post-exposure). Observations suggest that no toxin elimination is visible in T. maxima throughout 6 days of detoxification.
Potential of Biofilters for Treatment of De-Icing Chemicals
Authors: Raspati Gema Sakti , Lindseth Hanna Kristine Haug , Muthanna Tone Merete , Azrague Kamal
Published: May 2018

Organic de-icing chemicals, such as propylene glycol and potassium formate, cause environmental degradation in receiving water if left untreated, due to the high organic load resulting in oxygen depletion. Biofilters are commonly used for the treatment of biodegradable organic carbon in water treatment. This study investigated the potential for using biofilters for treating organic de-icing compounds. Lab-scale adsorption tests using filter media made of crushed clay (Filtralite) and granular activated carbon were conducted. Further, a column filtration experiment testing two different crushed clay size ranges was carried out investigating the effect of filter media depth, nutrient addition, and filtration rate. The surrogate parameter used to monitor the removal of de-icing chemicals was dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The adsorption test showed no significant adsorption of DOC was observed. The column test showed that the most active separation occurred in the first ~20 cm of the filter depth. This was confirmed by results from (1) water quality analysis (i.e., DOC removal and adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) measurement); and (2) calculations based on a filtration performance analysis (Iwasaki model) and filter hydraulic evaluation (Lindquist diagram). The results showed that, for the highest C:N:P ratio tested (molar ratio of 24:7:1), 50–60% DOC removal was achieved. The addition of nutrients was found to be important for determining the biofilter performance.
Effects of Input Data Content on the Uncertainty of Simulating Water Resources
Authors: Camargos Carla , Julich Stefan , Houska Tobias , Bach Martin , Breuer Lutz
Published: May 2018

The widely used, partly-deterministic Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) requires a large amount of spatial input data, such as a digital elevation model (DEM), land use, and soil maps. Modelers make an effort to apply the most specific data possible for the study area to reflect the heterogeneous characteristics of landscapes. Regional data, especially with fine resolution, is often preferred. However, such data is not always available and can be computationally demanding. Despite being coarser, global data are usually free and available to the public. Previous studies revealed the importance for single investigations of different input maps. However, it remains unknown whether higher-resolution data can lead to reliable results. This study investigates how global and regional input datasets affect parameter uncertainty when estimating river discharges. We analyze eight different setups for the SWAT model for a catchment in Luxembourg, combining different land-use, elevation, and soil input data. The Metropolis–Hasting Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is used to infer posterior model parameter uncertainty. We conclude that our higher resolved DEM improves the general model performance in reproducing low flows by 10%. The less detailed soil-map improved the fit of low flows by 25%. In addition, more detailed land-use maps reduce the bias of the model discharge simulations by 50%. Also, despite presenting similar parameter uncertainty (P-factor ranging from 0.34 to 0.41 and R-factor from 0.41 to 0.45) for all setups, the results show a disparate parameter posterior distribution. This indicates that no assessment of all sources of uncertainty simultaneously is compensated by the fitted parameter values. We conclude that our result can give some guidance for future SWAT applications in the selection of the degree of detail for input data.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: COMPANY FINANCIAL PATH ANALYSIS USING FUZZY C-MEANS AND ITS APPLICATION IN FINANCIAL FAILURE PREDICTION
Authors: LIU Jiaming , WU Chong
Published: May 2018

This study investigates the dynamic process of the company’s financial status over years and proposes to design financial path using fuzzy c-means (FCM) approach. FCM is firstly used to quantize company financial paths of behavior over consecutive years. Financial paths are deployed to depict different patterns of failure and to understand the dynamics of financial failure. Then financial failure prediction model is built based on the proposed financial path (FP) approach. Empirical experiment is carried out with data samples of Chinese listed companies. Through analyzing financial path, it is found that there are mainly four patterns of process to terminal failure. Besides, in order to validate the prediction performance of the financial path prediction model, four prevalent financial failure prediction models, logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), and neural network (NN), are deployed to compare with the proposed model respectively. Experimental results show that FP has significantly better financial failure performance than other four models in terms of accuracy, type I error, and type II error. Therefore, the financial path monitors the change of financial status and acts as a prediction tool for financial failure prediction, which is a significant determinant of the financial success. Managers can recognize the financial failure signal in advance and understand their evolution trend on the future. In addition, the financial path prediction model is also an effective supplement to the research field of financial failure analysis and prediction.
Discovery of a z = 7.452 High Equivalent Width Lyα Emitter from the Hubble Space Telescope Faint Infrared Grism Survey
Authors: Larson Rebecca L. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Pirzkal Norbert , Ryan Russell , Tilvi Vithal , Malhotra Sangeeta , Rhoads James , Finkelstein Keely , Jung Intae , Christensen Lise , Cimatti Andrea , Ferreras Ignacio , Grogin Norman , Koekemoer Anton M. , Hathi Nimish , O’Connell Robert , Östlin Göran , Pasquali Anna , Pharo John , Rothberg Barry , Windhorst Rogier A. ,   The FIGS Team
Published: May 2018

We present the results of an unbiased search for Lyα emission from continuum-selected 5.6 < z < 8.7 galaxies. Our data set consists of 160 orbits of G102 slitless grism spectroscopy obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope(HST)/WFC3 as part of the Faint Infrared Grism Survey (FIGS; PI: Malhotra), which obtains deep slitless spectra of all sources in four fields, and was designed to minimize contamination in observations of previously identified high-redshift galaxy candidates. The FIGS data can potentially spectroscopically confirm the redshifts of galaxies, and as Lyα emission is resonantly scattered by neutral gas, FIGS can also constrain the ionization state of the intergalactic medium during the epoch of reionization. These data have sufficient depth to detect Lyα emission in this epoch, as Tilvi et al. have published the FIGS detection of previously known Lyα emission at z = 7.51. The FIGS data use five separate roll angles of HST to mitigate the contamination by nearby galaxies. We created a method that accounts for and removes the contamination from surrounding galaxies and also removes any dispersed continuum light from each individual spectrum. We searched for significant (>4σ) emission lines using two different automated detection methods, free of any visual inspection biases. Applying these methods on photometrically selected high-redshift candidates between 5.6 < z < 8.7, we find two emission lines, one previously published by Tilvi et al., (2016) and a new line at 1.028 μm, which we identify as Lyα at z = 7.452 ± 0.003. This newly spectroscopically confirmed galaxy has the highest Lyα rest-frame equivalent width (EWLyα
) yet published at z > 7 (140.3 ± 19.0 Å).
Dense Gas, Dynamical Equilibrium Pressure, and Star Formation in Nearby Star-forming Galaxies
Authors: Gallagher Molly J. , Leroy Adam K. , Bigiel Frank , Cormier Diane , Jiménez-Donaire María J. , Ostriker Eve , Usero Antonio , Bolatto Alberto D. , García-Burillo Santiago , Hughes Annie , Kepley Amanda A. , Krumholz Mark , Meidt Sharon E. , Meier David S. , Murphy Eric J. , Pety Jérôme , Rosolowsky Erik , Schinnerer Eva , Schruba Andreas , Walter Fabian
Published: May 2018

We use new ALMA observations to investigate the connection between dense gas fraction, star formation rate (SFR), and local environment across the inner region of four local galaxies showing a wide range of molecular gas depletion times. We map HCN (1–0), HCO+ (1–0), CS (2–1), 13CO (1–0), and C18O (1–0) across the inner few kiloparsecs of each target. We combine these data with short-spacing information from the IRAM large program EMPIRE, archival CO maps, tracers of stellar structure and recent star formation, and recent HCN surveys by Bigiel et al. and Usero et al. We test the degree to which changes in the dense gas fraction drive changes in the SFR.

(tracing the dense gas fraction) correlates strongly with I
CO (tracing molecular gas surface density), stellar surface density, and dynamical equilibrium pressure, P
DE. Therefore,

becomes very low and HCN becomes very faint at large galactocentric radii, where ratios as low as

become common. The apparent ability of dense gas to form stars,

(where Σdense is traced by the HCN intensity and the star formation rate is traced by a combination of Hα and 24 μm emission), also depends on environment.

decreases in regions of high gas surface density, high stellar surface density, and high P
DE. Statistically, these correlations between environment and both

and

are stronger than that between apparent dense gas fraction (

) and the apparent molecular gas star formation efficiency

. We show that these results are not specific to HCN.
Minkowski Tensors in Two Dimensions: Probing the Morphology and Isotropy of the Matter and Galaxy Density Fields
Authors: Appleby Stephen , Chingangbam Pravabati , Park Changbom , Hong Sungwook E. , Kim Juhan , Ganesan Vidhya
Published: May 2018

We apply the Minkowski tensor statistics to two-dimensional slices of the three-dimensional matter density field. The Minkowski tensors are a set of functions that are sensitive to directionally dependent signals in the data and, furthermore, can be used to quantify the mean shape of density fields. We begin by reviewing the definition of Minkowski tensors and introducing a method of calculating them from a discretely sampled field. Focusing on the statistic

—a 2 × 2 matrix—we calculate its value for both the entire excursion set and individual connected regions and holes within the set. To study the morphology of structures within the excursion set, we calculate the eigenvalues λ
1, λ
2 for the matrix

of each distinct connected region and hole and measure their mean shape using the ratio

. We compare both

and β for a Gaussian field and a smoothed density field generated from the latest Horizon Run 4 cosmological simulation to study the effect of gravitational collapse on these functions. The global statistic

is essentially independent of gravitational collapse, as the process maintains statistical isotropy. However, β is modified significantly, with overdensities becoming relatively more circular compared to underdensities at low redshifts. When applying the statistics to a redshift-space distorted density field, the matrix

is no longer proportional to the identity matrix, and measurements of its diagonal elements can be used to probe the large-scale velocity field.
La financiarisation des gouvernements locaux
Authors: Ferlazzo Edoardo
Published: May 2018

La crise des emprunts « toxiques » des collectivités territoriales de 2008 a révélé l’existence de pratiques d’emprunt éminemment risquées, originairement développées par des acteurs issus de la finance de marché. L’analyse des dispositifs mis en œuvre pour résorber cette crise permet de questionner les déplacements normatifs que cette dernière a induits en matière de régulation des risques : quels risques une collectivité peut-elle légitimement encourir lorsqu’il s’agit de mettre en jeu des deniers publics par des contrats d’emprunt ? Loin de remettre en cause les sources structurelles de fragilisation des finances locales, la résolution de la crise aboutit, au contraire, à l’institutionnalisation de certaines d’entre elles, pérennisant le processus de financiarisation de la dette locale engagé avant crise.
Logica ad moralia applicata . Sur la genèse du projet leibnizien d’une nouvelle logique et ses sources juridiques
Authors: Piro Francesco
Published: May 2018

L’article de Francesco Piro aborde les premiers écrits de la logique juridique de Leibniz en soulignant leur importance pour le développement de toute la philosophie leibnizienne. L’article identifie deux approches différentes au problème de la logique juridique. D’une part, Leibniz semble simplement appliquer les lois de la logique à la jurisprudence afin de clarifier des problèmes juridiques spécifiques. D’autre part, il essaie aussi d’extraire des textes juridiques des concepts qui ont un intérêt philosophique plus large, comme ceux de « présomption » et de « degré de preuve ». Si la première approche permet à Leibniz de proposer une analyse intéressante de la logique et de la sémantique des énoncés conditionnels, ainsi qu’un premier concept de probabilité, la seconde est essentielle à la compréhension du développement de la théorie des probabilités sur la base d’une nouvelle approche générale des notions modales. Ces travaux se révèlent très importants pour comprendre les particularités de la doctrine leibnizienne des possibles (que Piro définit comme une conception « proérétique » de la possibilité, en tant qu’elle est considérée comme objet d’un choix), mais aussi ses ambiguïtés sous-jacentes.
Non-linéarité entre inflation et croissance économique : quels enseignements pour la zone BEAC ?
Authors: Mondjeli Mwa Ndjokou Itchoko Motande , Tsopmo Pierre Christian
Published: May 2018

L’objectif de ce papier est d’estimer le taux d’inflation optimal, défini comme le taux en dessous et au-delà duquel la croissance économique est affectée, à partir de l’expérience de la BEAC 1 . Pour y parvenir, nous appliquons un modèle Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) initialement développé par González et al. (2005), estimé à partir des données des pays de la BEAC sur la période 1985-2013. Nos résultats montrent que : (i) le taux d’inflation optimal se situe autour de 4,3 % ; (ii) en deçà de ce seuil, toute augmentation de 1 % de l’inflation induit celle de la croissance économique d’environ 0,28 % ; mais au-delà du seuil, la croissance économique est réduite de 0,26 % lorsque l’inflation s’accroît de 1 %. Les analyses de sensibilité et l’estimation réalisée par la méthode GMM montrent que ces résultats sont robustes.
Chocs extérieurs des prix de produits de base et cycles d’affaires au Cameroun
Authors: Tchakounté Njoda Mathurin , Nkot Samuel Cédric
Published: May 2018

La plupart des travaux qui se sont penchés sur les effets macroéconomiques des chocs extérieurs supposent qu’ils sont médiatisés par un seul prix relatif intra-temporel tel que les termes de l’échange et éventuellement un prix inter-temporel tel que le taux d’intérêt étranger ou mondial. Notre article présente un cadre empirique dans lequel les prix multiples des produits de base tels que le bois, le cacao, le café ou le pétrole, et le taux d’intérêt français transmettent les perturbations extérieures. Les estimations de base, à partir des données camerounaises sur la période 1960-2015, indiquent que les chocs mondiaux expliquent diversement les fluctuations agrégées des principaux indicateurs : 3,3 % de la variance de la production, 4,9 % de la variance de consommation, 13,45 % de la variance de l’investissement et 47,15 % de la variance du ratio de la balance courante. Ces chiffres ne s’améliorent pas avec la prise en compte de deux indicateurs économiques (production et taux d’intérêt) de la France, principal partenaire commercial du Cameroun. Ce résultat est principalement attribuable à la relative diversification de l’économie camerounaise.
« Nos vies sont politiques ! » L’afroféminisme en France ou la riposte des petites-filles de l’Empire
Authors: Larcher Silyane
Published: May 2018

Dans quelle mesure des épreuves morales et affectives accumulées dans des trajectoires de vie individuelles peuvent-elles constituer le support d’une constellation d’activités collectives diverses autorisant la construction d’une forme légitime de participation politique ? C’est ce que donne à penser l’expérience afroféministe telle qu’elle s’exprime et se déploie en France de manière protéiforme depuis quelques années dans des espaces variés et hétérogènes, qu’ils soient privés, semi-publics ou publics. Fondé sur la requalification du vécu intime subjectif en épreuve commune soumise à une réflexivité critique construite collectivement, l’afroféminisme s’apparente à une politique du sensible. Basé sur l’attention fine à la polymorphie des expressions politiques afroféministes, aux discours des militantes, et en particulier à l’étude du récit de vie d’une des fondatrices du principal collectif afroféministe français, Mwasi, le présent article vient aussi nuancer et complexifier les analyses courantes de la dépolitisation ou démobilisation politique des classes populaires. Il montre combien, à l’écart des acceptions partisanes ou conventionnelles, la politique conserve pour les dominées, à bien des égards, sa part d’imagination politique émancipatrice, avec pour enjeu essentiel : l’institution jamais acquise de l’égalité dans les rapports sociaux.
L’impatience d’Alice
Authors: Chervet Emmanuelle
Published: May 2018

Plusieurs figures de l’impatience se déclinent à travers le parcours clinique d’une jeune fille hypomane. La résistance de l’analyste tend à ralentir, à retenir les contenus psychiques pour en permettre l’inscription.
Le passage des heures : un trajet d’impatience
Authors: Béguian Céline
Published: May 2018

L’impatience n’est pas un concept psychanalytique, cependant c’est une notion transnosographique dont l’étude éclaire les modalités de rapport que le sujet entretient avec l’objet tour à tour tyrannisant et salvateur ; les destins d’une pulsion dévorante qui rencontrerait une résolution facilitée, le positionnement adopté face au contrat social freudien entre transgression et dédommagement et l’expression d’une angoisse temporelle face à la finitude. L’impatience tient une place dans la cure analytique et peut être un indicateur fécond pour faire advenir une subjectivation qui la sortirait du symptomatique en en faisant un avatar de la pulsion de vie.
Temporalité et énigme en psychanalyse : les cinq dernières minutes
Authors: Pelladeau Élise
Published: May 2018

À partir de la prise en charge en psychothérapie psychanalytique d’une patiente, l’auteur reviendra sur trois séquences des cinq dernières minutes de séances où furent abordées, les idées suicidaires de la patiente, la durée des séances, et le coût de la thérapie. L’auteur postule l’idée que les cinq dernières minutes peuvent se lire en négatif de l’apparente inertie thérapeutique pendant la séance : comme si les cinq dernières minutes s’inscrivaient entre « suspension » et « fécondité thérapeutique » alors à lire dans l’après-coup dans et au-delà de la séance suivante.
De L’Interprétation du rêve à L’Homme Moïse  : La liberté de penser chez Freud
Authors: Botella Sára
Published: May 2018

À partir d’une étude aux deux extrêmes de l’évolution de la pensée de Freud, l’auteur défend l’idée qu’en ce moment où s’impose la nécessité de refuser tout « repli identitaire », les psychanalystes doivent veiller à leur liberté de penser, à celle qui a conduit Freud, initialement, à L’Interprétation du rêve (1900), puis à conclure son œuvre avec L’Homme Moïse , personnage qu’il considérait comme un défenseur de la valeur universelle de la pensée scientifique de l’homme.
Minocycline as an Evidence-Based Adjunct Treatment in Schizophrenia
Authors: Kelly Deanna L. , Wehring Heidi J.
Published: May 2018

Minocycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, has been studied in multiple clinical trials for its potential effects on the symptoms of schizophrenia. This article reviews the evidence regarding minocycline's adjunctive use as reported in the published literature, and discusses its potential mechanism of action, safety, and tolerability profile.

[
Psychiatr Ann.
2018;48(5):224–231.]
Assessing Health Literacy Among Chinese Speakers in the U.S. with Limited English Proficiency
Authors: Chen Xuewei , Goodson Patricia , Acosta Sandra , Barry Adam E. , McKyer Lisako E.
Published: May 2018

Background:

Limited English proficiency compounds the problem of low health literacy, making certain population groups in the United States especially vulnerable to health disparities.

Objective:

This study clarified the mechanisms underlying low health literacy among people with limited English proficiency using a modified theory-based health literacy assessment survey.

Methods:

We modified and tested the All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale (AAHLS) with a sample of Chinese speakers who have limited English proficiency in the U.S. The AAHLS is a theory-based health literacy survey assessing functional health literacy, interactive health literacy, information appraisal, and empowerment. We adapted the survey, created dual language scenarios (English and Chinese), translated the questions into Chinese, and conducted cognitive interviews to revise the questions. We examined the health literacy score distributions and performed Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to evaluate the appropriateness of our modified AAHLS to elicit valid data.

Key Results:

A total of 405 participants completed our AAHLS survey. Compared to the English language scenario, aside from the item assessing if participants would question health care providers, participants had significantly higher health literacy levels when they were immersed in communication using Chinese (
p
< .001). We also found that more than three-quarters of the participants were not likely to question their doctor's and nurse's advice regardless of language scenarios and most of them had limited empowerment capabilities at the level of community and social engagement. The CFA results showed that the modified Chinese model exhibited good fit (RMSEA [root mean square error of approximation] = 0.06, CFI [the comparative fit index] = 0.98, TLI [Tucker-Lewis index] = 0.97, WRMR [weighted root mean square residual] = 1).

Conclusions:

The results showed that our modified AAHLS yielded reliable and valid data among U.S. Chinese speakers. Researchers should consider native languages and cultural differences before conducting health literacy assessments. Public health professionals should incorporate health interventions and policy approaches to improve Chinese immigrants' English proficiency and empowerment capabilities.

[
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2018;2(2):e94–e106.]

Plain Language Summary:

To clarify the mechanisms underlying low health literacy among populations with limited English proficiency (LEP) in the United States, this study aims to tailor a theory-based health literacy survey with dual-language scenarios among Chinese speakers with LEP. The modified survey yielded reliable and valid data. Participants had higher health literacy levels when they were immersed in communication using Chinese rather than English.
La plume après le plomb
Authors: Mahrer Rudolf
Published: May 2018

La critique génétique s’est relativement peu intéressée aux genèses continuées après la publication de l’œuvre. Et pour cause : son objet, pensé sous l’angle de l’avant-texte, s’arrête avec la publication. Cet article propose d’envisager la publication sous un angle proprement génétique, en s’attachant à décrire la manière dont la mise en circulation du texte affecte ses réécritures. Il présente ensuite quelques notions théoriques (œuvre, version, texte, objet écrit) et méthodologiques (comparaison et variation textuelles génétiquement pertinentes), ainsi que des outils d’analyse et d’édition numériques (Medite et la collection « Variance ») que nécessite une étude de la réécriture des œuvres déjà publiées.
Cross-Cultural Business Communication
Authors: Guang Tian , Tian Kathy
Published: May 2018

It is broadly recognized that cultural factors act as invisible barriers in international business communications. As such, understanding cultural differences is an essential skill for both business educators and business practitioners as geographic borders become increasingly fluid. This chapter provides a framework for both business practitioners and educators engaged in international business. Seven themes are suggested for future research: cultural impacts of markets, international vs. domestic business communication, standardization vs. adaptation in cross-cultural communication, cross-cultural dimensions of business communication research, cultural aspects of the business communication mix, cultural aspects of business communication in the service sector, cultural communication implications of the aftermarket, and cross-cultural business communication education and professional training. The chapter concludes with suggestions that business anthropology be adapted as a tool for culture on international business and education.
International Businesses and Environmental Issues
Authors: Ince Fatma
Published: May 2018

This chapter on international businesses and environmental issues addresses the relationship between activities of international businesses and environmental goals. Because of the increasing awareness about environmental issues, the related groups, international policies, and relation force the businesses to be more environmentally friendly and consider the future of resources in their operations. The international regulations, declarations, and other pressures can change the usages of the businesses. The combination of the planet, profit, and people are conceived to protect nature with the aim of growth. From this viewpoint, this chapter provides an overview of the environmental issues, international politics, relations, standards, and successful examples of businesses about being environmentally conscious.
Global Implications of Sustainability and E-Society Infrastructure in Developing Economies
Authors: Ramona Birău
Published: May 2018

The main purpose of this chapter is to investigate the global implications of sustainability and e-society infrastructure in developing economies. A generally accepted definition of e-society is very difficult to compress into words considering the complexity of the phenomenon itself. However, an exhaustive approach includes a great variety of original views and individual multifaceted opinions which converge to obtain a solid theoretical structure. Globalization is the modern term used to describe changes in the structure of societies and the world economy, but having a major impact in the context of an accelerated informatization. The process of globalization is not a new and innovative process, but it is the result of changes in the world economy that have increased in recent years, considering the fact that it brings a number of advantages. Moreover, globalization means labor mobility without constraint of geographical boundaries. Generally, the progress of communications is another consequence of globalization and the impact of change is even stronger in developing economies.
Integrating Glasser Quality School Concepts Into Online Courses
Authors: Robey Patricia A.
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this chapter is to provide information on how William Glasser's quality school concepts can be integrated into online classrooms. The author provides a historical background for the development of Glasser Quality Schools, including the conditions for quality and the criteria for becoming a quality school. The author will provide suggestions for creating online relationships, explain the concept of boss versus lead management, and give examples of how lead management is utilized in a quality school. The importance of making learning useful and relevant will be linked to student motivation. The self-evaluation process of assessment will be discussed and how self-evaluation can be integrated with feedback for continued improvement of outcomes and quality. Finally, the author will provide a problem-solving format that can be used by faculty, administration, and students.
Using Online Programs to Centre Students in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Tadeu Pedro José Arrifano , Brigas Carlos
Published: May 2018

Because of the exponential growth of the internet and ICT, we, as promoters of education, should always be aware of the changes that society is endorsing outside of the classroom. The student is no longer the same introverted child that studied in the workbenches years ago. Today students belong to a time with smartphones, tablets, and a wide range of new portable technologies. Today's students are used to seeking different forms and ways of motivation in and out of the classroom, and they want the teaching and learning process to integrate with society and its latest technologies. The number of internet users has increased tenfold from 1999 to 2014. The first billion was reached in 2005, the second billion in 2010, the third billion in 2014. This means access to the world wide web is increasing rapidly. In 2020, the percentage will rise again, and consequently, an incredibly large number of people, youngsters and adults, will have access to the internet. The slogan that drives the world today is anywhere… anytime!
A Guide to Professional Learning for Secondary Mathematics Teachers
Authors: Hamond Karen M.
Published: May 2018

After implementing a professional learning program for mathematics teachers in grades five to twelve with success, this author is providing details as to how it was done and how others can do the same. Included is a literature review of relevant topics such as andragogy, brain research, self-efficacy, growth mindset, distributed leadership, and creating a professional learning community. Quantitative and qualitative research results from the author's initial professional learning program is used to explain the reason for the suggestions made. The curriculum is divided into five sessions of approximately two hours each.
Socially Shared Metacognition Among Undergraduate Students During an Online Geology Course
Authors: Spencer Dan , Thomson Margareta M. , Jones Jason P.
Published: May 2018

The ability to collaborate successfully with others is a highly valued skill in the modern workplace and has been reflected in the increase of collaborative learning methods within education. Research has highlighted the crucial role of self-regulation in successful collaboration, and more recently begun to focus on understanding how groups jointly regulate their interactions. The current chapter outlines a mixed-methods study that compared the impact of individual- and group-centered prompts on the frequency of social metacognitive activities during online group review activities with college students (N=48) from the USA. Tentative study findings suggested that group-centered problematizing prompts were moderately successful in shifting groups towards more social forms of regulation such as co-regulation; however, they were not enough to move groups towards shared metacognitive regulation. Further results revealed how the quality of group engagement was influenced by participants' perceived value towards activities, function and focus of metacognitive episodes, and group dynamics.
Using Telecollaboration 2.0 to Build Intercultural Communicative Competence
Authors: Lee Lina
Published: May 2018

This chapter reports a Spanish-American telecollaborative project through which students created blogs, VoiceThread presentations, and video chats for intercultural exchanges over the course of one semester. The chapter outlines the methodology for the project including pedagogical objectives, task design, selection of Web 2.0 tools, and implementation. Using qualitative data collection, the study explored the extent to which Web 2.0-mediated learning could contribute to learners' intercultural communicate competence (ICC) development. The findings revealed that students exhibited the skills outlined in Byram's ICC model. Students showed positive attitudes and curiosity towards the target culture, and gained new cultural knowledge. They also demonstrated skills of discovery and interaction that helped them build critical cultural awareness. The study suggests that learners' ICC can be assessed by the implementation of a well-designed telecollaborative exchange using Web 2.0 technologies.