bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cranial Base in Newborns with Complete Cleft Lip and Palate: Radiographic Study
Authors: Mølsted Kirsten , Kjær Inger , Dahl Erik
Published: October 2018

In a 1993 study, Mølsted and colleagues found an increased width of the sphenooccipital synchondrosis in newborns with complete clefts of the lip, alveolus, and palate compared with newborns with incomplete clefts. As the spheno-occipital synchondrosis represents remnants of the early chondrocranium that later ossifies and incorporates in the cranial base, it is possible that an inborn alteration, such as a deviant growth of cartilage, or a delayed maturation in the early development of the cartilaginous cranial base, can affect not only the length and the width of the cranial base, but also the petrous portion of the temporal bone and the nasal septum, as these structures also have a cartilaginous origin. The purpose of the present study was to measure the cranial base width, including the width of the maxilla, and to measure the bilateral angulation of the petrous portion of the temporal bone and the sphenoid bone in 3-month-old children with complete clefts and in 3-month-old children with an incomplete cleft of the lip, and to compare the two groups. Fifty-two children with complete clefts (CLP) without associated malformations comprised the test group. Forty-eight children with a minor, incomplete cleft lip (CL) constituted the control group. The results of the comparison showed marked differences between the CLP and CL groups. In the CLP children, the cranial base width and the bilateral angulation of the sphenoid bone increased. An increased angulation was also seen between left and right sides of the pars petrosa. Furthermore, increased maxillary width was found. This confirms that cleft lip and palate is not an isolated malformation localized to the jaws but a malformation, which also involves the cartilaginous cranial base.
Aerodynamic and Acoustic Characteristics of a Speaker with Turbulent Nasal Emission: A Case Report
Authors: Zajac David J. , Mayo Robert , Kataoka Ryuta , Kuo James Y.
Published: October 2018

Aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics were determined from the speech of an adult female with mild mental retardation and severe velopharyngeal inadequacy. The speaker's productions of /s/ were characterized by consistent nasal grimacing and turbulent air emission. Aerodynamic assessment estimated the size of the velopharyngeal orifice to exceed 200 mm2 during plosive production. Nasal cross-sectional area was estimated to be 35 mm2 during quiet breathing. Nasometric evaluation indicated nasalance of 63% associated with the “Zoo” passage. Acoustic analysis of the separately recorded oral and nasal speech signals indicated spectral energies in the region of approximately 2.5 to 7.0 kHz associated with nasal emission during /s/ production. The occurrence of these frequencies suggested an acoustic/perceptual function of the nasal grimace. Pressure-flow evidence also suggested that the nasal grimace, perhaps with lingual assistance, functioned to enhance speech aerodynamics.
Coordination between Palatal and Laryngeal Muscle Activities in Response to Rebreathing and Lung Inflation
Authors: Koizumi Hidehiko , Kogo Mikihiko , Matsuya Tokuzo
Published: October 2018

The soft palate and larynx play an important role in respiration and phonation, regulating the airflow in the upper airway. The levator veli palatini muscle (LVP) is the principal muscle responsible for generating palatal movements. The lateral cricoarytenoid muscle (LCA) is a laryngeal adductor muscle, and the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (PCA) is a laryngeal abductor muscle. This study was designed to define, by electromyographic techniques, the coordination between palatal and laryngeal muscle activities in response to rebreathing and lung inflation. We performed tracheotomies on 12 mongrel dogs anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and compared the effects of rebreathing and lung inflation on LVP activities with those on LCA and PCA activities. During rebreathing, expiratory LVP and inspiratory PCA activities were progressively augmented, but expiratory LCA activity was inhibited. On the other hand, lung inflation caused augmentation of LVP and LCA activities. In contrast, lung inflation inhibited PCA activity. We thus concluded that LVP activity coordinates with PCA activity in response to alternation of Paco2 and Pao2 levels, while it coordinates with LCA activity in response to lung inflation.
Palatal Configuration in Complete Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Infants before and after Cheiloplasty
Authors: Mishima Katsuaki , Sugahara Toshio , Mori Yoshihide , Sakuda Masayoshi
Published: October 2018

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to analyze the three-dimensional configuration of the premaxilla, vomer, and lateral segments in bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) infants and to investigate the early changes in the configuration following one- and two-stage cheiloplasty.

Methods:

This study consisted of 10 complete BCLP infants. One-stage operations were performed in five patients according to Manchester's method at 4 months of age. Two-stage operations were done for the remaining five patients using a triangular flap according to Tennison's method, at 4 and 8 months of age. Serial plaster models before and after the cheiloplasty were measured with a computer-controlled, highly accurate, contact-type measuring apparatus. Temporal changes in the configuration and form of the premaxilla were observed using an automatic superimposition method. The inclination and deviation of the vomer were evaluated using an approximation technique to a straight line with least squares. The distance between the lateral segments and a three-dimensional coordinate of the incisal point were also measured.

Results and Conclusions:

The following differences in palatal configuration between the one- and two-stage cheiloplasties were observed: 1) In the two-stage group, the premaxilla shifted toward the cleft edge where the cheiloplasty was performed in both first- and second-stage operations. After the two-stage operation, the premaxilla did not shift greatly, and the premaxilla in cases 4 and 5 shifted downward and toward the cleft edge of the lateral segments where the first operation was performed. Protrusion of the premaxilla remained in the two-stage group. 2) In the one-stage group, the premaxilla in case 4 descended downward and backward without twisting or bending. The premaxillae of the other patients descended downward with twisting and bending. 3) Patients in the two-stage group had a stronger tendency toward medial collapse of the lateral segments than did those in the one-stage group.
Size and Shape of Soft-Tissue Facial Profile: Effects of Age, Gender, and Skeletal Class
Authors: Ferrario Virgilio F. , Sforza Chiarella
Published: October 2018

Objective:

A method for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the facial soft-tissue profile has been developed, and applied to analyze the pretreatment lateral head films of 240 orthodontic patients aged 8 to 14 years.

Methods:

Patients were subdivided for sex, age, and skeletal class. To standardize for different facial sizes, soft-tissue profiles from nasion to pogonion were traced in polar coordinates without modifications of facial shape, and standardized for an equal skeletal vertical dimension.

Results:

The method allowed a simple and rapid quantitative evaluation of soft-tissue profiles during facial growth. An approximate evaluation of the soft-tissue thickness at nose, lips, and chin was also possible. No particular mathematical knowledge was required at any step of the analysis.

Conclusions:

Facial soft-tissue size and shape were influenced by age and sex, and to a minor extent by skeletal class.
Effects of Presurgical Orthopedic Treatment in Infants with Complete Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Mishima Katsuaki , Sugahara Toshio , Mori Yoshihide , Minami Katsuhiro , Sakuda Masayoshi
Published: October 2018

Objective

To align the protruding premaxilla in infants with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), an intraoral appliance (i.e., Hotz plate) and an extraoral appliance consisting of a band covering the head and elastics are used as a presurgical orthopedic treatment in our clinic. The aim of this study was to analyze the configuration and position of the premaxilla and the vomer in infants with BCLP and to investigate the factors generating deviation and bending of the vomer and twisting of the premaxilla.

Patients

Palatal casts were obtained serially from 10 infants with complete BCLP from 1 to 3 months of age.

Measurements

These casts were automatically measured using a highly accurate contact-type measuring apparatus. After three-dimensional wire frame models generated from the serial casts were automatically superimposed, the magnitude and direction of the shift were calculated. A discriminant analysis was used for investigation of predictor variables generating the twisting or bending vomer.

Results and Conclusions

The vomer was found to be bent in two infants and the premaxilla was twisted in three infants. In the infants whose vomers were bent, the magnitude of the posterior shift of the premaxilla was greater than that of the inferior shift. A discriminant analysis indicated that at 1 month of age, a greater inclination and a smaller deviation of the vomer and a longer distance between the cleft edges of the lateral segments had a tendency to be associated with bending of the vomer or twisting of the premaxilla.
Otologic and Audiologic Status of Russian Children with Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Seagle M. Brent, , Nackashi John A. , Kemker F.J., , Marks Ronald G. , Williams William N. , Frolova Larisa Y. , Gonchakov Gennady V. , Scheslavsky Serguei
Published: October 2018

Objective

In this study, researchers evaluated the otologic and audiologic status of 112 children with repaired cleft lip and palate who had received primary palatal repair by means of Frolova palatoplasty, a surgical technique developed by Dr. Larisa Y. Frolova, founder and director of the National Pediatric Center for Congenital Maxillofacial Pathology, Moscow, Russia.

Design

Results of hearing thresholds and tympanograms for these Russian children were compared with data previously reported from a group of 48 children and adults with repaired cleft lip and palate at the University of Florida Craniofacial Center, Gainesville, Florida.

Results

There were no substantial differences in hearing thresholds between the two groups, which was surprising in view of the vast differences between middle ear management techniques used in Russia and the United States.

Conclusions

Considering these findings and the growing body of literature favoring a more conservative approach to the management of middle ear effusion in infants with cleft lip and palate, a reexamination of otologic strategies in the United States seems advisable.
Stature of Russian Children with Isolated Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Nackashi John A. , Rosenbloom Arlan L. , Marks Ronald , Williams William N. , Seagle M. Brent , Frolova Larisa Y.
Published: October 2018

Objective

To evaluate the stature of Russian children with cleft lip and palate (CLP).

Design

One hundred twelve Russian children predominantly with repaired unilateral CLP 4 through 10 years of age underwent studies including height measurement, physical examinations, and record review. Children with health concerns that could affect growth were excluded. U.S. growth data from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) and Russian parental heights were used in the absence of Russian growth norms.

Results

Based on U.S. norms, the distribution curve for heights for the Russian children was largely confined to the + 1 to −1 standard deviation (SD) range. Sixty-two percent of the Russian children had heights below the 50th percentile for American female and male children of the same age. The proportion of children found outside the + 1 to −1 SD range approximated the proportion expected statistically for the general population, with 14.4% < –I SD (16th percentile) and 12% > +I SD (84th percentile). A total of 3.6% of the children ranked below the third percentile, which is close to the expected 3%. Russian parents' (n = 209) mean heights were 0.5 SD below NCHS's 50th percentile values for adults.

Conclusion

These results indicate that there is no increased risk of true short stature in 4- to 10-year-old Russian children with repaired CLP.
Pathology of the Palatal Aponeurosis in Cleft Palate
Authors: Koch K.H. Hubertus , Grzonka Magdalena A. , Koch Josef
Published: October 2018

Objective

The palatal aponeurosis is a controversial structure, both in terms of its anatomy and its function. This article points out a pathologic finding in the cleft palate condition that has not been previously described.

Design and Method

By means of surgical dissections, this study demonstrates in detail that the palatal aponeurosis exists even in cleft palates, but it is disrupted, malpositioned, and folded in two layers.

Patients

This dissection method has been performed on more than 150 patients with cleft of the hard and soft palate, with or without cleft of the lip and alveolus. At the time of operation, the children were between 6 and 8 months of age.

Results

It is possible to dissect the two layers of the palatal aponeurosis, to unfold the aponeurosis, and to form a tough tendinous plane.

Conclusion

For a functional physiologic reconstruction of the cleft palate, it is necessary not only to reconstruct the levator veli palatini and palatopharyngeus muscle slings, but also to approximate and suture the fibers of the palatal aponeurosis to the corresponding fibers of the opposite side after unfolding them in a medio-dorso-cranial direction. In this manner, a continuous palatal aponeurosis can be created, which subsequently can serve as a transmitter of the muscle forces.
A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Healing of Cranial and Residual Maxillary Cleft Defects by Means of Allogenous Demineralized Osseous Implants and Polylactic Acid Casts in Dogs
Authors: Kuyl M.H. , Thierens H. , Dermaut L.R. , De Ridder L.
Published: October 2018

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the healing of artificially induced bony defects in dogs by means of demineralized allogenous bone powder (DBP) implants covered with polyhydroxy lactic acid (PLA) casts compared with DBP implants without the casts.

Design

Prospective animal study.

Setting

Research university.

Sample

Following a pilot study in which two dogs were used, four mongrel dogs between the ages of 18 and 24 months and weighing approximately 20 kg were used as subjects.

Interventions

Each experimental animal had bilateral maxillary alveolar clefts created. In a later procedure, each defect was repaired with a DBP implant, half of which were covered with a PLA96 matrix. Each animal also had a circular defect created in each parietal bone that was immediately covered with DBP implants, half of which were similarly covered with a PLA96 disk.

Main outcome measure

Repeated technetium-99m methylene-diphosphate (99mTC MDP) uptake measurements were performed to evaluate bone metabolism during the healing period, while at relevant intervals, radiographs were taken of the healing alveolar cleft defects to register bone repair. After 1 year, the animals were euthanized for macroscopic and histologic evaluation.

Results

Histologically, the grafts covered with PLA96 were at a more advanced stage of healing than those without, and the cranial defects similarly were more advanced in the healing process than the alveolar defects. Uptake of 99mTC MDP into the cranial implants was at its maximal level after 1 week and then gradually decreased until, after 7 weeks, it was not significantly different from zero. Cranial defects covered with a PLA96-enhanced implant showed a mean maximum count rate of 275, while the plain DBP side showed a mean maximal count rate of 150. Alveolar defects with the plain DBP implant showed a maximum count rate in the first week; those with the PLA96 enhanced implant showed maximum uptake during the second week. On both sides, there was a gradual decrease to the base value in the seventh week. The mean maximum count on the PLA96-enhanced side was 285, while on the plain DBP side, the corresponding value was 320.

Conclusion

Although an advantage of the combination was established for parietal cranial defects, no advantage was seen for alveolar cleft defects in this experimental setup.
Mental Development in Infants with Cleft Lip and/or Palate
Authors: Kapp-Simon Kathleen A. , Krueckeberg Suzy
Published: October 2018

Objective

Investigated mental development in infants and toddlers with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP).

Design

This was a retrospective analysis of developmental scores on qualified children between 4 and 36 months of age. Cross-sectional analysis included children in four age groups (6, 12, 18, and 24 months); longitudinal analysis included children at mean age 9.1 (range = 4 to 15) months at Time 1 and 24 months (range = 16 to 36) at Time 2.

Participants

Cross-sectional analysis included 180 children (59% male participants) in four diagnostic groups (cleft lip only [CL], cleft lip and palate [CLP], cleft palate only [CP], and Pierre Robin). The longitudinal sample included 85 children (64% male children) in the same diagnostic groups.

Main outcome Measures

Mental Scale (MDI) of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development.

Results

Mean MDIs were in the average range but decreased significantly between youngest and oldest groups in both cross-sectional (F(3,179) = 4.9, p < .01) and longitudinal samples (F(1,84) = 6.87, p < .01). There was a significant difference among cleft types (F(3,179) = 3.5, p < .025). Infants with CL obtained the highest scores, and infants with Pierre Robin Sequence obtained the lowest. Perceptual-motor development in the first year of life was predictive of developmental status at age 2.

Conclusions

The number of children with CLP who may be at risk for developmental problems during the second year of life is greater than would be expected. Children at greatest risk may demonstrate early delays in acquisition of perceptual-motor skills during the first year of life.
Hypodontia and Tooth Formation in Groups of Children with Cleft, Siblings without Cleft, and Nonrelated Controls
Authors: Eerens Kristien , Vlietinck Robert , Heidbüchel Kristin , Van Olmen An , Derom Catherine , Willems Guy , Carels Carine
Published: October 2018

Objective:

To compare the occurrence of hypodontia, dental age, and asymmetric dental development in children with cleft with their siblings and a nonsibling control group.

Subjects:

The sample consisted of 54 children with cleft (aged 4.2 to 13.1 years), who had at least one sibling available for an orthopantomogram, 63 siblings without cleft (aged 4 to 14.9 years) and 250 controls without cleft (aged between 4 and 14.9 years).

Method:

Hypodontia, dental age, and asymmetric dental development were assessed on panoramic radiographs of the children with cleft, the siblings without cleft, and the control children without cleft.

Results:

Both the cleft (p < .001) and the sibling group (p < .05) showed a significantly higher frequency of hypodontia and a significantly higher occurrence (cleft p < .01 and sibling group p < .001) of asymmetric dental development, compared with the control group. Only a small, but insignificant, delay in dental development could be found in the cleft and the sibling group.

Conclusions:

The cleft subjects with siblings showed a significantly higher occurrence of hypodontia and asymmetric dental development than the noncleft control group. This may suggest a genetic component for the occurrence of hypodontia and asymmetric dental development.
The Prevalence of Anomalies of the Upper Cervical Vertebrae in Subjects with Cleft Lip, Cleft Palate, or Both
Authors: Uğar Dilek A. , Semb Gunvor
Published: October 2018

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of cervical vertebral anomalies in individuals with cleft palate only (CPO) and bilateral (BCLP) and unilateral (UCLP) complete cleft lip and palate and make a comparison with a group without cleft.

Setting:

This retrospective comparison was performed at the Dental Unit, Department of Plastic Surgery, National Hospital and at the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Material and Methods:

Six hundred eleven subjects (334 boys, 277 girls) with three different cleft subtypes at age 6 years or older and 264 children (121 boys, 143 girls) without clefts were included in this study. Their lateral cephalometric radiographs were studied for cervical vertebral anomalies and categorized into posterior arch deficiencies or fusions.

Results:

In the total cleft sample, 111 subjects (18.2%) had cervical vertebral anomalies; of these, 10 subjects had more than one anomaly. Posterior arch deficiency was found in 7.7% and fusions in 12.1%. In the sample without cleft, 9.1% had cervical vertebral anomalies, 5% posterior arch deficiency, and 4.1% fusions. When the cleft sample was divided into the three cleft subtypes, the prevalence of cervical vertebral anomalies was 25.6% in the CPO group, 16.3% in the BCLP group, and 11.1% in the UCLP group. Differences were statistically significant between the CPO and the group without cleft for both posterior arch deficiency and fusion anomalies (p < .01).

Conclusion:

Cervical vertebral anomalies occur more frequently in individuals with clefts as compared with those without clefts. This was statistically significant for the CPO group.
The Effects of Lactation Education and a Prosthetic Obturator Appliance on Feeding Efficiency in Infants with Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Turner Leslie , Jacobsen Cynthia , Humenczuk Margo , Singhal Virender K. , Moore Dorsey , Bell Helen
Published: October 2018

Objective:

This prospective study examined the effect of lactation instruction and palatal obturation in decreasing time to feed, increasing intake, and on growth in eight breast milk bottle-fed newborn infants with cleft lip, cleft palate, or both.

Design:

An A, B1, C1, B2, and C2 reversal design was used with eight mothers. In A, baseline data on minutes fed by breast were recorded. In B1, baseline on minutes fed with a Haberman bottle was recorded. In C1, minutes fed following lactation education and palatal obturation were documented. Lactation education was information given to mothers to recognize infant feeding cues and to have infant-led feedings. The palatal obturator was a passive molding appliance. In B2, the obturator was removed and minutes fed noted. In C2, the obturator was returned and lactation support provided. Mothers kept feeding logs, satisfaction was assessed, and infant breast milk intake and flow rate were recorded during each study phase. Routine nutrition evaluation of weight, height, weight for height, and feed volume was completed by a registered dietitian during and following completion of the study.

Results:

Feeding times decreased with all infants, volume consumed increased with seven of eight infants, and flow rate increased with all infants. Mean feeding times during B1 and B2 phases (Haberman bottle only) were 34.4 and 32.3 minutes, respectively. Mean feeding times during C1 and C2 phases (obturation and lactation education) were 15.1 and 15.6 minutes. Volume of milk consumed during B1 and B2 feedings averaged 36.5 and 37 mL, compared with 67 mL and 76 mL during C1 and C2 phases. Growth as measured by height, weight gain, and weight for height during the study and the first 2 years of life compared favorably with that of children born without clefts.

Conclusions:

The combined use of a palatal obturator and lactation education reduced feeding time and increased volume intake and was associated with good growth. Mothers who had desired to breast-feed elected to use the obturator to support high-volume intake, decrease infant fatigue, and provide breast milk for nutrition.
Guidelines for the Design and Analysis of Studies on Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate in Humans: Summary Report from a Workshop of the International Consortium for Oral Clefts Genetics
Authors: Mitchell Laura E. , Beaty Terri H. , Lidral Andrew C. , Munger Ronald G. , Murray Jeffrey C. , Saal Howard M. , Wyszynski Diego F.
Published: October 2018

Objective

The members of the International Consortium for Oral Clefts Genetics recognize the need for collaboration between researchers involved in etiologic studies of nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate and cleft palate. To address this need, the consortium established four working subcommittees: diagnostic and phenotypic assessment, molecular genetic studies, epidemiologic data collection and analysis, and genetic data collection and analysis. These subcommittees were charged with the development of guidelines for data collection and analysis that would facilitate both a priori and a posteriori comparisons and pooling of data from multiple centers. This report presents summary statements of the four subcommittees.
Single Motor Unit Activity in Levator Veli Palatini during Speech and Nonspeech Tasks
Authors: Moon Jerald B. , Collins Dana R. , Canady John W.
Published: October 2018

Objective

This article assesses the control of velar movement by relating observed recruitment patterns of single motor unit activity in levator veli palatini observed during speech and nonspeech tasks in a single subject to intraoral pressure demands.

Methods

Electromyographic activity was recorded from a single motor unit in levator veli palatini during repetitions of “Say ____ again” with selected consonant-vowel-consonant and consonant-vowel syllables, sustained high pressure consonants, and blowing tasks. Single motor unit firing characteristics (e.g., frequency of occurrence, firing frequency) were related to intraoral air pressures recorded during the sustained consonant and blowing tasks.

Results

Levator single motor unit activity was always present during the /s/ in “say” and the first and second /s/ in /sis/. Activity was observed less consistently during the production of the /s/ in /sus/, the /p/ in /p Λ/, and the /g/ in “again.” Single motor unit firing frequency ranged from 16.1 Hz to 22 Hz during phrase productions. Recruitment was observed during sustained productions of high-pressure consonants when intraoral pressures exceeded 15 cm H2O. Increases in intraoral air pressure were associated with 25% to 85% increases in single motor unit firing frequencies. During nonspeech blowing tasks, single motor unit activity was observed when intraoral air pressure exceeded approximately 12 cm H2O. Increases in intraoral air pressure were again associated with increased single motor unit firing rates.

Conclusions

Results showed evidence of both preprogrammed and feedback-controlled responses by levator veli palatini to changes in task intraoral pressure demands.
Phonetic, Phonological, and Language Skills of Children with a Cleft Palate
Authors: Morris Helen , Ozanne Anne
Published: October 2018

Objective

To evaluate the language, phonetic, and phonological skills at age 3 years of two groups of young children with a cleft palate, with different expressive language proficiency at 2 years of age.

Design

Two groups of children with a cleft palate with differing abilities in early expressive language skills were identified at age 2 years. Comparisons across groups were made over a range of speech and language measures at age 3 years.

Participants

Twenty children with cleft palate were allocated to two groups dependent on expressive language abilities at age 2 years. One group had normal language development, and the second group had been identified as having significantly delayed (8 to 12 months’ delay) expressive language development.

Main Outcome Measures

The children were assessed at 3 years of age using standardized assessments and spontaneous speech samples. Comparisons between the two groups were made on a range of language measures including comprehension, expressive language, and speech.

Results

Group differences were found on both language and speech abilities at age 3 years. Significant group differences were found in expressive language, percentage of consonants correct, phonetic inventory, and phonological process usage. The group with delayed early expressive language abilities at 2 years continued to have expressive language difficulties at 3 years of age and had more disordered speech development, compared with the nondelayed group.

Conclusions

A subgroup of children with a cleft palate was identified who exhibited delays in early expressive language and continued to have delayed language and disordered phonological patterns at a later age. Support for three possible etiologies including a structural/anatomical deficit, cognitive/linguistic delay, or language/phonological disorder are discussed.
A Missense Mutation in the SH3BP2 Gene on Chromosome 4p16.3 Found in a Case of Nonfamilial Cherubism
Authors: Imai Yoshimichi , Kanno Kiyoshi , Moriya Takuya , Kayano Shuji , Seino Hiroto , Matsubara Yoichi , Yamada Atsushi
Published: October 2018

Objective

Cherubism is a rare hereditary multilocular cystic disease of the jaws, characterized by its typical appearance. Although nonfamilial cases have been reported, it is difficult to distinguish nonfamilial cherubism from central giant cell granuloma. Recent studies have revealed the point mutations in the SH3BP2 gene on chromosome 4p16.3 in cherubism families. In this article, the SH3BP2 gene in nonfamilial cherubism was examined.

Patient

A 21-year-old Japanese woman with nonfamilial cherubism.

Interventions

Genomic DNA was purified from a blood sample obtained from the patient and used for direct sequencing. In addition, a sample of the lesion, resected during surgery, was used for histologic and immunohistochemical purposes.

Results

Genomic DNA sequencing found a Pro418Arg mutation in the SH3BP2 gene of the patient. In a histochemical analysis, the multinucleated giant cells proved to be strongly positive for PGM-1, KP-1, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and faintly positive for osteopontin.

Conclusions

The missense mutation Pro418Arg was identified in the SH3BP2 gene from a nonfamilial case of cherubism. DNA diagnosis may play a significant role in the identification of cherubism.
Сорбция скандия сверхсшитыми полистирольными импрегнатами, содержащими фосфорорганические кислоты
Authors: Трошкина И. Д. , Пьяе Пьо Аунг , Веселова О. А. , Давидович Ю. А. , Цюрупа М. П. , Даванков В. А.
Published: October 2018

Получены импрегнаты, содержащие ди-2-этилгексилфосфорную кислоту (Д2ЭГФК) и этилгексилфосфорную кислоту (ЭГФК) в сверхсшитом полистироле (MN-202). В статических условиях определены равновесные и кинетические характеристики сорбции скандия этими импрегнатами из кислых сульфатно-хлоридных растворов.
Сравнительный анализ антоциановых соединений плодов рябины черноплодной различных сортов методом ВЭЖХ
Authors: Логвинова Е. Е. , Брежнева Т. А. , Сливкин А. И. , Перова И. Б. , Эллер К. И.
Published: October 2018

Методом ВЭЖХ определено суммарное содержание и специфические профили индивидуальных антоцианинов плодов аронии черноплодной различных сортов. Хроматографические профили извлечений из всех сортов оказались сходны с преобладанием цианидин-3-галактозида в качестве основного ингредиента. Общее количество антоцианов составило от 0,98% (Алтайская крупноплод-ная) до 3,70% (Мичуринская).
О кинетике и механизме сорбции тетрациклина глауконитом
Authors: Вениг С. Б. , Чернова Р. К. , Сержантов В. Г. , Селифонова Е. И. , Наумова Г. Н. , Захаревич А. М.
Published: October 2018

Исследована сорбционная способность 85 %-го концентрата глауконита Белоозерского месторождения Саратовской области по отношению к тетрациклина гидрохлориду. Рассчитаны основные термодинамические параметры сорбции, изучена кинетика процесса. Показано, что сорбция тетрациклина протекает самопроизвольно. Высказаны соображения о возможных механизмах протекания процесса: хемосорбции за счёт донорно-акцепторного взаимодействия и ионообменных процессов.
Эффект твердофазной адсорбции в диффузионной кинетике селективного растворения сплавов
Authors: Введенский А. В. , Козадеров О. А. , Селеменев В. Ф.
Published: October 2018

Применительно к потенциостатическому режиму поляризации при анодном селективном растворении гомогенного сплава поставлена и аналитически решена задача нестационарной диффузии, учитывающая равновесную твердофазную адсорбцию компонентов. Получены аналитические выражения для концентрационного поля и токового транзиента электроотрицательного компонента сплава. Установлено, что учет эффекта твердофазной адсорбции в случае хроноамперометрии избирательно растворяющихся Ag,Au-сплавов, построенных на основе серебра, приводит к увеличению расчетных значений коэффициента диффузии атомов Ag в сплаве. Влияние предполяризационного твердофазного адсорбционного накопления золота в поверхностном слое Ag,Au-сплава тем менее заметно, чем выше содержание серебра в объеме твердого раствора.
Оптимизация параметров хроматографического разделения смесей дифенилполиенов
Authors: Полунин К. Е. , Полунина И. А.
Published: October 2018

Методами ТСХ и ВЭЖХ изучено взаимодействие дифенилполиенов с поверхностью SiO2 и SiO2–С18 в органических и водно-органических средах. Обнаружена зависимость констант хроматографического удерживания дифенилполиенов от геометрической и структурнойконфигурации их молекул, длины олефинового фрагмента, природы и полярности элюента. Полученные экспериментальные данные могут быть использованы для оптимизации параметров хроматографического разделения смесей дифенилполиенов и выделения целевых соединений в препаративных масштабах.
Адсорбционная иммобилизация α-амилазы на волокнистых полиэлектролитах
Authors: Стоянова О. Ф. , Шкутина И. В. , Селеменев В. Ф.
Published: October 2018

Рассмотрены закономерности адсорбционной иммобилизации гидролитического фермента α–амилазы на ионообменниках волокнистой структуры. Исследована сорбционная способность носителей по отношению к ферменту в зависимости от времени иммобилизации, концентрации ионов водорода и белка. Установлена возможность использования иммобилизованного фермента в реакции гидролиза крахмала в течение 10 циклов.
Получение газовых смесей известного состава динамическими методами
Authors: Колесниченко И. Н. , Платонов И. А. , Новикова Е. А. , Муханова И. М.
Published: October 2018

Рассмотрены современные методы получения газовых смесей известного состава, стабильные в течение времени достаточного для проведения градуировки. Обсуждаются особенности динамических методов, получивших наибольшее практическое применение за период 15-20 лет в России и за рубежом. Представлены результаты сравнительного анализа точности приготовления газовых смесейлетучих органических соединений диффузионным, полибарботажным и хромато-десорбционным способами.
Эффективность углеадсорбционной очистки стоков с территории коксохимического производства
Authors: Клушин В. Н. , Зенькова Е. В. , Зубахин Н. П. , Семенов Г. М. , Осипова А. С. , Шабалина А. С.
Published: October 2018

Оценена сопоставительная эффективность очистки от органических примесей сточных вод с территории коксохимического производства ОАО «Москокс» активным углем ДПУ и углями отечественного производства марок БАУ-А, АГ-3, СКТ и МеКС. Результатами изучения процессов, реализованных интенсивным перемешиванием зерен адсорбентов со сточной водой и фильтрованием последней через стационарный слой этих зерен, констатирована высокая конкурентоспособность угля ДПУ в решении задачи ее глубокой очистки.
Валидация методики определения аскорбиновой кислоты методом высокоэффективной тонкослойной хроматографии
Authors: Сафонова Е. Ф. , Тринеева О. В. , Сливкин А. И.
Published: October 2018

Проведена валидация разработанной методики идентификации и количественного определения аскорбиновой кислоты методом высокоэффективной тонкослойной хроматографии по показателям предел обнаружения, специфичность, линейность, эффективность и повторяемость. Разработанный способ определения аскорбиновой кислоты был апробирован на лекарственном растительномсырье листьев крапивы двудомной и плодов облепихи крушиновидной. Методика может быть использована в контроле качества субстанции, монокомпонентных и комплексных препаратов, содержащих витамин С, лекарственного растительного сырья, биологически активных добавок, премиксов, изделий пищевой и косметологической промышленностей
Разработка и валидация методики количественного определения нового антитромботическоголекарственного средства в плазме крови крыс методом ВЭЖХ
Authors: Вишенкова Д. А. , Леонов К. А. , Бакибаев А. А.
Published: October 2018

Разработана биоаналитическая методика количественного определения нового антитромботического лекарственного средства GRS в плазме крови крыс методом ВЭЖХ с УФ-детектированием. Для выделения GRS из биологической матрицы использовали жидкостно-жидкостную экстракцию ацетонитрилом по принципу QuEChERS. Анализ проводили на хроматографе Милихром А-02 со спектрофотометрическим детектированием при 360 нм. В качестве подвижной фазы использовали 0.01 М раствор аммония ацетата с рН равным 4.0 и метанол. Предел количественного определения GRS составил 10 нг/мл. С помощью валидации доказана пригодность разработанной методики для различных фармакокинетических исследований.
Состав, структура и свойства композитов поливиниловый спирт – природный цеолит
Authors: Хатькова А. Н. , Дабижа О. Н. , Рябова Н. В. , Филенко Р. А.
Published: October 2018

Синтезированы композиционные материалы «ПВС-природный цеолит» с улучшенными влагоудерживающими свойствами. Композиты изучены методами инфракрасной спектроскопии, атомно-эмиссионной спектроскопии с индуктивно связанной плазмой, дифференциальной сканирующей спектроскопии и термогравиметрии. Предложены критерии для оценки адсорбционного взаимодействия ПВС и клиноптилолита - изменения относительных интенсивностей полос поглощения в ИК-спектрах композитов и параметры кинетического уравнения С. Аррениуса, описывающего их дегидратацию. Подтверждено образование адсорбционных поверхностных комплексов. Определены истинная плотность, полная обменная емкость, гигроскопическая влажность образцов.
Поверхностные ансамбли на основе углеродных нанотрубок в пьезоэлектрическом иммуносенсоре для высокочувствительного определения рактопамина
Authors: Гражулене С. С. , Ермолаева Т. Н. , Фарафонова О. В. , Шукшина Е. И.
Published: October 2018

Изучены условия формирования распознающего слоя пьезоэлектрического сенсора на основе углеродных нанотрубок для высокочувствительного определения рактопамина в прямом формате иммуноанализа. Показано, что предварительная обработка углеродных нанотрубок концентрированными азотной и серной кислотами, а также активация карбоксильных групп карбодиимидным методом обеспечивают их прочное связывание с аминогруппами подложки на основе 2-меркаптоэтиламина и аминогруппами моноклональных антител к рактопамину, применяемых в качестве распознающих элементов сенсора. Установлены концентрации коллоидных растворов двух видов углеродных нанотрубок в диметилформамиде, обеспечивающие максимальные значения концентрационной чувствительности пьезоэлектрического сенсора при определении рактопамина. Диапазон определяемых содержаний рактопамина с помощью пьезоэлектрического сенсора составляет (нг/см3 ) 0.09-25, предел обнаружения 0.03.
Изотерма сорбции сапонина Quillaja Saponaria Molina на полимерном сверхсшитом сорбенте MN-200
Authors: Смусева С. О. , Мироненко Н. В. , Селеменев В. Ф. , Бородкина Т. А.
Published: October 2018

Изучена сорбция сапонина из водного раствора на сверхсшитом полимерном сорбенте MN-200. Проведен анализ изотермы сапонина с применением адсорбционных теорий Ленгмюра, Фрейндлиха, БЭТ. Рассчитаны равновесные параметры сорбции: максимальная емкость монослоя, константы, характеризующие взаимодействия типа сорбат-сорбент, а также типа сорбат-сорбат. Установлено, что адсорбция сапонина на указанном сорбенте описывается моделью БЭТ
Анализ морфологии поверхности микрофильтрационных мембран МФФК, МПС методом атомной силовой микроскопии
Authors: Ковалева О. А. , Лазарев С. И. , Осипова И. А. , Ковалев С. В. , Полянский К. К.
Published: October 2018

Методом атомной силовой микроскопии исследована морфология поверхности полимерных микрофильтрационных мембран МФФК, МПС. Анализ полученных результатов позволил установить различия морфологии поверхности исходных коммерческих пористых микрофильтрационных материалов и образцов после проведения процесса микрофильтрационного разделения растворов зрелой мелассной бражки, подвергшихся эксплуатации при избыточном трансмембранном давлении 0,05 МПа. В работе выделены и рассчитаны площади эллиптических глобул полимера, показаны межпоровые участки на выбранных областях сканирования и поровые участки (поры) щелевой формы, являющиеся проводящими участками для проницания растворителя
Определение триацилглицеринов масла семян валерианы лекарственной с использованием обращенно-фазовой ВЭЖХ с двумя способами детектирования
Authors: Нгуен Ван Ань , Дейнека В. И. , Дейнека Л. А.
Published: October 2018

В работе методом обращенно-фазовой ВЭЖХ с рефрактометрическим и спектрофотометрическим детектированием исследовано масло семян валерианы лекарственной. Отнесение пиков выполнено по инкрементному подходу и показано, что основная кислота масла – α-элеостеариновая, - в масле содержится около 4 % триацилглицеринов (ТАГ), не содержащих радикалы α-линоленовой кислоты. Определен видовой состав ТАГ масла (указаны данные по рефрактометрическому и по спектрофотометрическому методам детектирования): основные ТАГ – α-элеостеарат-дилинолеат (55.0 / 58.1 моль %), ди-α-элеостеарат-линолеат (16.6 / 14.7 моль %), α-элеостеарат-линолеат-олеат (11.1 / 11.3 моль %), α-элеостеарат-линолеат-пальмитат (7.1 / 7.4 моль %) и др. Расхождение между данными может быть связано с присутствием в масле изомерных триеновых кислот. Результаты расчета жирнокислотного состава по обоим методам близки между собой: a-элеостеариновая кислота 39.2 (39.3) %, линолевая – 51.1 (50.6) %, олеиновая 5.9 (6.0) %, пальмитиновая – 2.4 (3.3) % и стеариновая 1.4 (0.9) %.
Модифицирование монтмориллонитовой глины для селективной сорбции аргона из смеси с кислородом
Authors: Бурмистрова Н. Н. , Иванова Е. Н. , Алехина М. Б. , Дудоладов А. О. , Конькова Т. В. , Маслова О. А.
Published: October 2018

Модифицированием природной монтмориллонитовой глины синтезирован адсорбент, обладающий селективностью в отношении аргона и предназначенный для удаления аргона из смеси с кислородом. Методом планирования эксперимента определены оптимальные условия получения адсорбента. Установлено, что одним из значимых факторов, влияющих на величину коэффициента разделения смеси аргон-кислород, является температура прокаливания образцов после их формования
Evaluation of charged molecules content of plant polysaccharides by aqueous size exclusion chromatography
Authors: Willför Stefan , Boymirzaev Azamat S. , Pranovich Andrey
Published: October 2018

Aqueous size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) equipped with refractive index (RI) and multiangle laser light scattering (MALLS) detectors were applied to evaluation of charged molecules content in a series of polysaccharide derivatives with different average molar mass (MM) values. It was shown that a minor amount of residual charged groups in the polysaccharide chains caused a polyelectrolyte expansion effect and neutral fractions of birch xylans, larch arabinogalactans (AG) and galactoglucomannans (GGM) were separated from neutral molecules in various concentrations of the injected samples
Сорбция некоторых лекарственных веществ белоозёрским глауконитом
Authors: Чернова Р. К. , Вениг С. Б. , Сержантов В. Г. , Сплюхин В. П. , Селифонова Е. И. , Наумова Г. Н.
Published: October 2018

Исследована сорбционная способность обогащенного (85%-го) глауконита Белоозерского месторождения Саратовской области по отношению к лекарственным средствам: тетрациклину, доксициклину, дротаверину, амброксолу, анаприлину. Изучена кинетика сорбции, рассчитана сорбционная емкость для указанных веществ. Проведено геометрическое моделирование молекул лекарств. Обсужден возможный механизм сорбции с учетом характера групп на поверхности кремнеземных сорбентов, заряда поверхности глауконита, геометрии и гидрофобного фактора молекул сорбатов
Влияние различных механизмов нагрева слоистого алюмосиликата на сорбционные процессы. Сообщение 1. Сорбция воды при тепловом и электромагнитном (СВЧ) нагреве монтмориллонита
Authors: Ходосова Н. А. , Бельчинская Л. И. , Новикова Л. А.
Published: October 2018

Используется различный механизм нагрева монтмориллонита для повышения его адсорбционной способности: быстрый объёмный нагрев образца электромагнитным излучением СВЧ дециметрового диапазона с частотой 2,45 ГГц и традиционный поверхностный нагрев. Проведены дериватографические исследования, исследована кинетика сорбции воды, определена лимитирующая стадия процесса адсорбции молекул воды. Установлено значительное возрастание сорбционной ёмкости образца, предварительно обработанного в электромагнитном поле СВЧ, как результат его более глубокой дегидратации, и, как следствие, вероятного усиления кислотности его поверхности.
Определение угарного газа металлоксидным сенсором
Authors: Шапошник А. В. , Москалев П. В. , Звягин А. А. , Чегерева К. Л.
Published: October 2018

Селективное определение угарного газа выполнено с использованием единичного металлоксидного сенсора. Переход от стационарного нагрева полупроводникового сенсора к нестационарному позволил увеличить объем информации о газовой среде и провести селективный анализ. Обработка многомерных данных проводилась методом главных компонент
Математическое моделирование процесса сорбции ионов La3+, Се3+, Pr3+ из смешанных растворов цеолитовым туфом
Authors: Дампилова Б. В. , Зонхоева Э. Л.
Published: October 2018

Методом симплексных решеток выполнено моделирование процесса извлечения ионов La3+, Се3+, Pr3+ из их смешанных растворов природным клиноптилолитовым туфом. Выбрано регрессионное уравнение,  адекватно описывающее взаимодействия между компонентами сорбата. Установлено, что тройные взаимодействия в смесях способствуют большему суммарному извлечению ионов РЗЭ по сравнению с двойными. На тернарном графике выявлена область максимального извлечения цеолитовым туфом суммы металлов из трехкомпонентных смесей
Исследование процесса деионизации растворов электросорбцией на аэрогельных электродах посредством математического моделирования
Authors: Токмачев М. Г. , Тихонов Н. А.
Published: October 2018

В работе изучается динамика деионизации раствора электролита с помощью сорбции на аэрогельных электродах на основе математического моделирования. Учитываются процессы переноса вещества потоком раствора, диффузии и сорбции в порах. Предложены модели, описывающие явление с разной степенью подробности. Показаны трудности, возникающие при численных расчетах процесса, и возможности их преодоления.

Показано, что при низких концентрациях раствора и малом размере пор эффект электросорбции не сводится к образованию на поверхности пор двойного электрического слоя, отбирающего ионы из раствора. Кроме формирования этого слоя, происходит накопление распределенного заряда ионов во всем объеме пор. Приведены примеры расчета процесса деионизации в циклическом режиме
Алгоритм моделирования двухкомпонентной динамики сорбции в случае смешанной диффузионной кинетики
Authors: Прудковский А. Г.
Published: October 2018

Описан алгоритм моделирования процесса двухкомпонентной динамики сорбции смешенной диффузионной кинетики, с граничным условием, удовлетворяющим соотношениям Никольского. Алгоритм может быть использован при создании программы для решения обратной задачи по определению коэффициентов внешней и внутренней диффузии, а также константы обмена
Смешанные хиральные неподвижные фазы в хроматографии (обзор)
Authors: Fedorova Irina A. , Shapovalova Elena N. , Shpigun Oleg A.
Published: October 2018

Обсуждается использование смешанных селекторов в газовой и высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии для разделения оптических изомеров. Они позволяют повысить универсальность хиральной фазы. В газовой хроматографии широко и успешно используются смеси модифицированного β-циклодекстрина. В ВЭЖХ наиболее изучены смешанные хиральные селекторы на основенизкомолекулярных селекторов и производных полисахаридов, в меньшей степени ̶ белков и макроциклических антибиотиков.