bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-Resolution Imagery Classification Based on Different Levels of Information
Authors: Li Erzhu , Samat Alim , Liu Wei , Lin Cong , Bai Xuyu
Published: December 2019

Detailed land use and land cover (LULC) information is one of the important information for land use surveys and applications related to the earth sciences. Therefore, LULC classification using very-high resolution remotely sensed imagery has been a hot issue in the remote sensing community. However, it remains a challenge to successfully extract LULC information from very-high resolution remotely sensed imagery, due to the difficulties in describing the individual characteristics of various LULC categories using single level features. The traditional pixel-wise or spectral-spatial based methods pay more attention to low-level feature representations of target LULC categories. In addition, deep convolutional neural networks offer great potential to extract high-level features to describe objects and have been successfully applied to scene understanding or classification. However, existing studies has paid little attention to constructing multi-level feature representations to better understand each category. In this paper, a multi-level feature representation framework is first designed to extract more robust feature representations for the complex LULC classification task using very-high resolution remotely sensed imagery. To this end, spectral reflection and morphological and morphological attribute profiles are used to describe the pixel-level and neighborhood-level information. Furthermore, a novel object-based convolutional neural networks (CNN) is proposed to extract scene-level information. The object-based CNN method combines advantages of object-based method and CNN method and can perform multi-scale analysis at the scene level. Then, the random forest method is employed to carry out the final classification using the multi-level features. The proposed method was validated on three challenging remotely sensed imageries including a hyperspectral image and two multispectral images with very-high spatial resolution, and achieved excellent classification performances.
Beam Search Algorithm for Ship Anti-Collision Trajectory Planning
Authors: Karbowska-Chilinska Joanna , Koszelew Jolanta , Ostrowski Krzysztof , Kuczynski Piotr , Kulbiej Eric , Wolejsza Piotr
Published: December 2019

The biggest challenges in the maritime environment are accidents and excessive fuel consumption. In order to improve the safety of navigation at sea and to reduce fuel consumption, the strategy of anti-collision, shortest trajectory planning is proposed. The strategy described in this paper is based on the beam search method. The beam search algorithm (BSA) takes into account many safe trajectories for the present ship and chooses the best in terms of length and other criteria. The risk of collision of present ship with any target ships is detected when the closest point of approach (CPA) of the present ship is violated by the target ship’s planned trajectory. Only course alteration of the present ship is applied, and not speed alteration. The algorithm has been implemented in the decision support system NAVDEC and tested in a real navigation environment on the m/f Wolin, a Polish ferry. Almost all BSA trajectories calculated were shorter in comparison to the standard NAVDEC-calculated algorithm.
RETRACTED: MuTraff: A Smart-City Multi-Map Traffic Routing Framework
Authors: Paricio Alvaro , Lopez-Carmona Miguel
Published: December 2019

Urban traffic routing is deemed to be a significant challenge in intelligent transportation systems. Existing implementations suffer from several intrinsic issues such as scalability in centralized systems, unnecessary complexity of mechanisms and communication in distributed systems, and lack of privacy. These imply force intensive computational tasks in the traffic control center, continuous communication in real-time with involved stakeholders which require drivers to reveal their location, origin, and destination of their trips. In this paper we present an innovative urban traffic routing framework and reference architecture (multimap traffic control architecture, MuTraff), which is based on the strategical generation and distribution of a set of traffic network maps (traffic weighted multimaps, TWM) to vehicle categories or fleets. Each map in a TWM map set has the same topology but a different distribution of link weights, which are computed by considering policies and constraints that may apply to different vehicle groups. MuTraff delivers a traffic management system (TMS), where a traffic control center generates and distributes maps, while routing computation is performed at the vehicles. We show how this balance between generation, distribution, and routing computation improves scalability, eases communication complexities, and solves former privacy issues. Our study presents case studies in a real city environment for (a) global congestion management using random maps; (b) congestion control on road incidents; and c) emergency fleets routing. We show that MuTraff is a promising foundation framework that is easy to deploy, and is compatible with other existing TMS frameworks.
A GSH Fluorescent Probe with a Large Stokes Shift and Its Application in Living Cells
Authors: Mao Yueyuan , Xu Yediao , Li Zhi , Wang Yang , Du Huanhuan , Liu Lei , Ding Ran , Liu Guodong
Published: December 2019

Intracellular GSH is the most abundant non-protein biothiol and acts as a central antioxidant to defend against aging toxins and radicals. Meanwhile abnormal level of intracellular GSH concentration is directly related to some diseases. In this case, detecting intracellular GSH rapidly and sensitively is of great significance. We synthesize a simple fluorescent probe (named GP) which can discriminate GSH from Cys (cysteine) or Hcy (homocysteine) and presents a 50-fold fluorescence increasing. The response time of GP to GSH was only 5 min and the product GO (the product of GP after reacting with GSH) after reacting with GSH possesses a larger Stokes shift for 135 nm than that in reported work. Probe GP can detect intracellular effectively and shows obvious yellow fluorescence. Briefly, probe GP can detect intracellular GSH rapidly and effectively both in vitro and in living cells.
Multibranch Gold Nanoparticles as Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Substrates for Rapid and Sensitive Analysis of Fipronil in Eggs
Authors: Zhao Haonuan , Huang Dandan , Zhu Shuhua
Published: December 2019

A sensitive strategy to rapidly detect fipronil residues in eggs using multibranch gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as the substrate of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was investigated in this study. Under optimized conditions, fipronil molecules preferentially deposited on the multibranch gold nanoparticles with preferential (111) facet-oriented growth due to its low surface energy. This anisotropic growth promoted the increase of SERS “hot spots”, inducing a huge enhancement of Raman signals of the fipronil. An external standard calibration method was employed for quantitative analysis, and the method was validated for linearity, sensitivity, repeatability and recovery. Good linearity were found in the concentration range of 10 ng/L~10 mg/L in fipronil acetone solution (R2 = 0.9916) and 8 × 10−5 mg/m2 to 0.8 mg/m2 on eggshells (R2 = 0.9906), respectively. The recovery rate based on acetone recovered fipronil on eggshells and in egg liquids was 80.13%~87.87%, and 81.34%~88.89%, respectively. The SERS assay was successfully used to monitor fipronil in eggs.
Sustainability of Government Microblog in China: Exploring Social Factors on Mobile Government Microblog Continuance
Authors: Ni Chenyuan , Yang Shuiqing , Pan Yanqin , Yao Jianrong , Li Yixiao , Chen Yuangao
Published: December 2019

The sustainable development of mobile government social media depends citizens’ continued use. Based on the Stimulus-Organism-Response framework and social response theory, the present study investigated the impacts of perceived similarity and anthropomorphic cues on citizens’ mobile government microblog continuance. A research model of mobile government microblog continuance was developed and empirical tested by using dataset collected from 428 mobile government microblog citizens in China. The results of structural equation modeling demonstrated that perceived similarity (including external similarity and internal similarity), and anthropomorphic cues (including social interaction value, visual appearance, and identity attractiveness), have positive influences on both cognitive and affective involvement, which further determinate mobile government microblog continuance. Considering the path coefficient and significant levels, the impact from affective involvement on mobile government microblog continuance is stronger that from cognitive involvement.
Assessment of Investment Attractiveness in European Countries by Artificial Neural Networks: What Competences are Needed to Make a Decision on Collective Well-Being?
Authors: Bruneckiene Jurgita , Jucevicius Robertas , Zykiene Ineta , Rapsikevicius Jonas , Lukauskas Mantas
Published: December 2019

A rich volume of literature has analysed country investment attractiveness in a wide range of contexts. The research has mostly focused on traditional economic concepts—economic, social, managerial, governmental, and geopolitical determinants—with a lack of focus on the smartness approach. Smartness is a social construct, which means that it has no objective presence but is “defined into existence”. It cannot be touched or measured based on uniform criteria but, rather, on the ones that are collectively agreed upon and stem from the nature of definition. Key determinants of smartness learning—intelligence, agility, networking, digital, sustainability, innovativeness and knowledgeability—serve as a platform for the deeper analysis of the research problem. In this article, we assessed country investment attractiveness through the economic subjects’ competences and environment empowering them to attract and maintain investments in the country. The country investment attractiveness was assessed by artificial intelligence (in particular, neural networks), which has found widespread application in the sciences and engineering but has remained rather limited in economics and confined to specific areas like counties’ investment attractiveness. The empirical research relies on the case of assessing investment attractiveness of 29 European countries by the use of 58 indicators and 31,958 observations of annual data of the 2000–2018 time period. The advantages and limitations of the use of artificial intelligence in assessing countries’ investment attractiveness proved the need for soft competences for work with artificial intelligence and decision-making based on the information gathered by such research. The creativity, intelligence, agility, networking, sustainability, social responsibility, innovativeness, digitality, learning, curiosity and being knowledge-driven are the competences that, together, are needed in all stages of economic analysis.
Cultural Sustainability and Vitality of Chinese Vernacular Architecture: A Pedigree for the Spatial Art of Traditional Villages in Jiangnan Region
Authors: Liu Qi , Liao Zaiyi , Wu Yongfa , Mulugeta Degefu Dagmawi , Zhang Yiwei
Published: December 2019

Presently, the rapid urbanization in contemporary cities in China has resulted in more buildings of low cultural value and high energy consumption. Many traditional Chinese villages exhibit special spaces that have been optimally adapted to the climatic and environmental features of the area using vernacular methods. The buildings in these villages can maintain the environment more sufficiently for the intended programs and consuming a lower level of resources. The construction technics and the artistic features in these spaces are invaluable and inspiring for contemporary architectural practices. This study aims to establish a pedigree of the artistic features exhibited in traditional Chinese villages to support sustainable development. This is to be achieved through thoroughly exploring the spatial design of these villages archived in a big-data resource. The pedigree integrates the dynamics (cultural changes over a certain period of time) and static (spatial features at a fixed time) of how the spaces in these villages have evolved. It is concluded that both a high level of sustainability and exceptional artistic quality have been achieved over a long history in many of these villages where traditional construction methods and design principals were employed.
Biodiversity Offset Program Design and Implementation
Authors: Grimm Marie , Köppel Johann
Published: December 2019

Biodiversity offsets are applied in many countries to compensate for impacts on the environment, but research on regulatory frameworks and implementation enabling effective offsets is lacking. This paper reviews research on biodiversity offsets, providing a framework for the analysis of program design (no net loss goal, uncertainty and ratios, equivalence and accounting, site selection, landscape-scale mitigation planning, timing) and implementation (compliance, adherence to the mitigation hierarchy, leakage and trade-offs, oversight, transparency and monitoring). Some more challenging aspects concern the proper metrics and accounting allowing for program evaluation, as well as the consideration of trade-offs when regulations focus only on the biodiversity aspect of ecosystems. Results can be used to assess offsets anywhere and support the creation of programs that balance development and conservation.
Analysis of Environmental Productivity on Fossil Fuel Power Plants in the U.S.
Authors: Lu Yung-Hsiang , Chen Ku-Hsieh , Cheng Jen-Chi , Chen Chih-Chun , Li Sian-Yuan
Published: December 2019

In 2007, the Clean Air Act officially included greenhouse gases, making fossil fuel power plants the first of key industries regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency. How do we measure the impact of the regulations on these power plants’ productivity? Previous studies that attempt to answer this question have provided inadequate answers because their samples cover the periods only up to 2007, and they often use greenhouse gases as the only proxy for the undesirable output. This paper collects data from 133 fossil fuel power plants in the United States and covers 2004 to 2013. These power plants are divided into Sun Belt and Frost Belt based on their geographical locations. To measure the undesirable outputs, we used both carbon dioxide and toxic emissions as the proxies. The estimation model includes the construction of a generalized common stochastic frontier (metafrontier) and a Malmquist productivity index. We used the index to measure the change in productivity for the power plants before and after the implementation of the regulation. The results indicate that, since regulation in 2007, the overall production efficiency of the power plants has declined incessantly while productivity has seen a sustained downward trend despite two surges in growth.
Application of Ostrom’s Social-Ecological Systems Framework in Nature Reserves: Hybrid Psycho-Economic Model of Collective Forest Management
Authors: Xie Yi , Wen Yali , Cirella Giuseppe T.
Published: December 2019

Nature reserves (NRs) are complex social-ecological systems (SESs). In China, many collective forests (CFs), owned by villagers, are bound within NRs. This paper aimed at carrying out a dynamic analysis of three case studies of CF management based on Ostrom’s SES conceptual framework. The hybrid psycho-economic model is designed within this context and tested. Results indicate that CF management is determined jointly by the interaction of all levels of governance based on subsystem characteristics (i.e., resource system, resource units, and actor system) specific to the local social, economic, and political settings. Use of the hybrid psycho-economic model compares one classified harmonious NR scenario with two conflictual ones. The model indicated the scenario with the harmonious NR as having less CF value at the resource level, less dependence on villagers for CF resources, stronger environmental awareness, lower levels of involvement from new actors, overarching governance control (i.e., by the NR administration), greater levels of self-organization (i.e., within villages), and augmented economic compensation and regulation from outside influences. The conflict-oriented NRs mostly revealed opposite sets of interaction. Different public policies, including the ecosystem service payment, are recommended for improving management of CFs in NRs.
The Influencing Factors of the Technology Standard Alliance Collaborative Innovation of Emerging Industry
Authors: Li Yue , Guo Hang , Cooper Sarah Yvonne , Wang Hongqi
Published: December 2019

As the important carrier for patent sharing, joint creation and application promotion, the industrial technology standard alliance has increasingly become the main organization pattern for technology standardization around the world. Particularly, technology standard alliance collaborative innovation is more conducive to accelerate the independent innovation pace and technology standard internationalization process of emerging industries in China. Based on analyzing the connotation, characteristics and influencing factors of technology standard alliance collaborative innovation, this paper puts forward the research hypothesis and theoretical framework of alliance collaborative innovation, and then uses a questionnaire survey and a Structural Equation Model to test the influencing factors and their effect path through 196 technology standard alliance enterprises samples. The results indicate that compared with strategy collaboration and process collaboration, patent collaboration has more significant positive impacts on alliance innovation performance; further, resource integration, knowledge sharing and revenue distribution, become the main influencing factors of alliance collaborative innovation. Finally, this paper proposes the mechanism framework of technology standard alliance collaborative innovation, which provides effective reference for strengthening the technology standard alliance collaborative innovation management of emerging industry.
Human Resource Practices, Eudaimonic Well-Being, and Creative Performance: The Mediating Role of Idiosyncratic Deals for Sustainable Human Resource Management
Authors: Villajos Esther , Tordera Núria , Peiró José M.
Published: December 2019

Traditional Human Resource Management (HRM) focusing on maintaining the status quo is no longer in the spotlight. Sustainable HRM has become the new approach, emphasizing the need to attend to organizational results directed toward reaching different goals and integrating the needs of diverse stakeholders. Moreover, in response to the challenges that organizations face in volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environments, Human Resource (HR) practices can contribute to the development of idiosyncratic deals (negotiation of individual HR practices) that might facilitate employees’ creativity and eudaimonic well-being in the long term and, thus, the sustainability of these organizations. Thus, the aim of this study is to test the mediating role of idiosyncratic deals (i-deals) in the unfolding relationship between HR practices, eudaimonic well-being and creative performance. Using a longitudinal database (three waves), the hypotheses are tested using structural equations modeling. The results support the idea that HR practices function as an antecedent for i-deals. More specifically, i-deals fully mediate the relationship between HR practices and eudaimonic well-being. In turn, i-deals and eudaimonic well-being fully mediate the relationship between HR practices and creative performance, which suggests that, through i-deals, HR practices become more beneficial for both employees and employers. In conclusion, these results are important for sustainable HR development, because HR practices enhance i-deals, which increase well-being, enhancing performance in the long term.
Differential Allelic Richness between Malus sylvestris L. and Malus × domestica Borkh. from Finland as a Measure of Genetic Loss
Authors: Bitz Lidija , Heinonen Maarit , Moisander Sirpa , Tanhuanpää Pirjo , Sarvarinne Jukka
Published: December 2019

European wild apple (Malus sylvestris L.) is the only Malus wild species native to Europe which is a relative of cultivated apples (Malus × domestica Borkh.). It grows on forests’ edges, farmland hedges, and marginal sites; by living in those scattered meta-populations, it is exposed to genetic erosion in relation to hybridization and habitat degradation. In Finland, it grows at the northern edge of its distribution in Europe and is considered as a near-threatened taxon requiring urgent conservation. In order to evaluate the molecular genetic diversity of M. sylvestris, five populations including 43 trees were analyzed using 15 microsatellite markers. Additionally, a similar number of samples from cultivated apples, which are common to the same region, was included in order to estimate gene diversity gaps and give an insight into putative hybridization. European wild apple in Finland proved to be populationally structured, and seems not to be threatened by introgression events from its cultivated relative. They were all separated into different clusters, except for one individual. However, urgent conservation is indeed needed, especially due to the very low total number of trees (four) in some of the analyzed populations. These populations should be restored in order to enable permanent access to the wild relatives’ diversity, as they might be a critical source of gene variants for future needs.
Programmed Cell Death-Like and Accompanying Release of Microcystin in Freshwater Bloom-Forming Cyanobacterium Microcystis: From Identification to Ecological Relevance
Authors: Hu Chenlin , Rzymski Piotr
Published: December 2019

Microcystis is the most common freshwater bloom-forming cyanobacterium. Its massive blooms not only adversely affect the functionality of aquatic ecosystems, but are also associated with the production of microcystins (MCs), a group of potent toxins that become a threat to public health when cell-bound MCs are significantly released from the dying Microcystis into the water column. Managing Microcystis blooms thus requires sufficient knowledge regarding both the cell death modes and the release of toxins. Recently, more and more studies have demonstrated the occurrence of programmed cell death-like (or apoptosis-like) events in laboratory and field samples of Microcystis. Apoptosis is a genetically controlled process that is essential for the development and survival of metazoa; however, it has been gradually realized to be an existing phenomenon playing important ecological roles in unicellular microorganisms. Here, we review the current progress and the existing knowledge gap regarding apoptosis-like death in Microcystis. Specifically, we focus first on the tools utilized to characterize the apoptosis-related biochemical and morphological features in Microcystis. We further outline various stressful stimuli that trigger the occurrence of apoptosis and discuss the potential mechanisms of apoptosis in Microcystis. We then propose a conceptual model to describe the functional coupling of apoptosis and MC in Microcystis. This model could be useful for understanding both roles of MC and apoptosis in this species. Lastly, we conclude the review by highlighting the current knowledge gap and considering the direction of future research. Overall, this review provides a recent update with respect to the knowledge of apoptosis in Microcystis and also offers a guide for future investigations of its ecology and survival strategies.
EV71 Infection Induces IFNβ Expression in Neural Cells
Authors: Huang Hsing-I , Lin Jhao-Yin , Chen Sheng-Hung
Published: December 2019

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) can invade the central nervous system (CNS) and cause neurological disease. Accumulating evidence indicates that EV71 can directly infect neurons in the CNS. Innate immune responses in the CNS have been known to play an essential role in limiting pathogen infections. Thus, investigating the effects of EV71 infection of neural cells is important for understanding disease pathogenesis. In this study, human neural cells were infected with EV71, and interferonβ (IFNβ) expression was examined. Our results show that IFNβ expression was upregulated in EV71-infected neural cells via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) sensing of virus RNA. The PRRs Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8), and melanoma differentiation-associated gene-5 (MDA-5), but not retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) and Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), were found to be EV71-mediated IFNβ induction. Although viral proteins exhibited the ability to cleave mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) and Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-β (TRIF) in neural cells, levels of viral protein expression were low in these cells. Furthermore, neural cells efficiently produced IFNβ transcripts upon EV71 vRNA stimulation. Treating infected cells with anti-IFNβ antibodies resulted in increased virus replication, indicating that IFNβ release may play a role in limiting viral growth. These results indicate that EV71 infection can induce IFNβ expression in neural cells through PRR pathways.
Co-Isolation and Characterization of Two Pandoraviruses and a Mimivirus from a Riverbank in Japan
Authors: Akashi Motohiro , Takemura Masaharu
Published: December 2019

Giant viruses, like pandoraviruses and mimiviruses, have been discovered from diverse environments, and their broad global distribution has been established. Here, we report two new isolates of Pandoravirus spp. and one Mimivirus sp., named Pandoravirus hades, Pandoravirus persephone, and Mimivirus sp. isolate styx, co-isolated from riverbank soil in Japan. We obtained nearly complete sequences of the family B DNA polymerase gene (polB) of P. hades and P. persephone; the former carried two known intein regions, while the latter had only one. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the two new pandoravirus isolates are closely related to Pandoravirus dulcis. Furthermore, random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis revealed that P. hades and P. persephone might harbor different genome structures. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the partial polB sequence, Mimivirus sp. isolate styx belongs to mimivirus lineage A. DNA staining suggested that the Pandoravirus spp. asynchronously replicates in amoeba cells while Mimivirus sp. replicates synchronously. We also observed that P. persephone- or Mimivirus sp. isolate styx-infected amoeba cytoplasm is extruded by the cells. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to report the isolation of pandoraviruses in Asia. In addition, our results emphasize the importance of virus isolation from soil to reveal the ecology of giant viruses.
The Role of Dendritic Cells in Immune Control and Vaccination against γ-Herpesviruses
Authors: Münz Christian
Published: December 2019

The two human oncogenic γ-herpesviruses, Epstein Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), are prototypic pathogens that are controlled by T cell responses. Despite their ubiquitous distribution, persistent infections and transforming potential, most carriers’ immune systems control them for life. Therefore, they serve as paradigms of how near-perfect cell-mediated immune control can be initiated and maintained for decades. Interestingly, EBV especially quite efficiently avoids dendritic cell (DC) activation, and little evidence exists that these most potent antigen-presenting cells of the human body are involved in the priming of immune control against this tumor virus. However, DCs can be harnessed therapeutically to expand virus-specific T cells for adoptive transfer therapy of patients with virus-associated malignancies and are also currently explored for vaccinations. Unfortunately, despite 55 and 25 years of research on EBV and KSHV, respectively, the priming of their immune control that belongs to the most robust and durable immune responses in humans still remains unclear.
EXPLORAÇÃO DE RECURSOS MINERAIS E DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL NO BRASIL
Authors: Loureiro Filho Lair Da Silva
Published: December 2019

A mineração pode ser considerada uma atividade nefasta ou um trampolim para o desenvolvimento, como demonstra a experiência histórica de alguns países que se desenvolveram a partir da atividade mineral. Para que a mineração seja um vetor de desenvolvimento econômico, deverá promover investimentos que gerem riqueza alternativa, para substituir o patrimônio mineral consumido, minimizar os danos ambientais provocados pela atividade de mineração e de beneficiamento, atender ao aumento na demanda pela utilização de serviços públicos, e evitar a armadilha do caixa único na utilização da Compensação Financeira pela Exploração de Recursos Minerais  CFEM.
Geminate spellings in the old Welsh glosses to Martianus Capella
Authors: Schrijver Peter
Published: December 2019

Graphies géminées dans les glosses en vieux gallois à Martianus Capella.

L'emploi de lettres géminées, dans le cas de -ce-, -pp-, -tt- (qui ont, à l'intervocalique, la valeur d'une sonore, /g/, /b/, /d/), est une particularité du corpus des gloses en vieux-gallois à Martianus Capella. L'auteur étudie la distribution de ces géminées et arrive à poser une règle, selon laquelle les graphies géminées se présentent uniquement après une voyelle brève, c.-à-d. une voyelle brève selon le nouveau système quantitatif atteint à la fin de la période du vieux-gallois.
« Moi, ton Dieu, j’ai souci de toi. » Deux lettres de Martin Luther (1531 et 1546)
Authors: Arnold Matthieu
Published: December 2019

Martin Luther’s letters to Barbara Lisskirchen (30 April 1531) and to Catharina of Bora (10 February 1546) are well known, but historians have not related these texts to each other. However, the first one, a letter of comfort concerning predestination, may shed light on the second one, an informal letter in which Luther exhorts his wife not to worry about him and to read the «the catechism and the faith ».
Protestantisme et Révolution au Mexique, 1872-1911
Authors: Bastian Jean-Pierre
Published: December 2019

En 2010, on célèbre le centenaire du début du mouvement révolutionnaire mexicain qui renversa la dictature de Porfirio Diaz (1876-1911) durant laquelle des sociétés missionnaires protestantes nord-américaines pénétrèrent un pays qui, jusque-là, leur avait été fermé. La diffusion du protestantisme y est à lire avant tout comme une mobilisation d’acteurs endogènes dont les motivations furent loin d’être uniquement religieuses. Ce déploiement est à comprendre en construisant l’objet «sociétés protestantes » avec d’autres instruments que ceux d’une «histoire des Missions ». Il s’agit d’explorer une piste de lecture inédite en montrant que le protestantisme créa des sociabilités porteuses d’une culture religieuse et politique qui en fit un acteur décisif de la rupture révolutionnaire.
Le discours abolitionniste de Danton (16 pluviôse An II)
Authors: Piquet Jean-Daniel
Published: December 2019

Le 4 février 1794, la Convention abolit l’esclavage des Noirs pour se mettre en accord avec la philosophie des Lumières. Mais, d’un avis quasi général, Danton a fourni une explication opportuniste : «Citoyens, c’est aujourd’hui que L’Anglais est mort. Pitt et ses complots sont déjoués. L’Anglais voit s’anéantir son commerce. » Notre article montre le contraire en traitant à la racine deux anciennes approches abolitionnistes de ce passage : l’une révolutionnaire, l’autre religieuse.
Genèse 1 – Une cosmogonie ?
Authors: Buhot de Launay Marc
Published: December 2019

Une lecture strictement philosophique du texte de Genèse 1 met en lumière son extraordinaire composition, ainsi que les innovations remarquables qui en font un tournant dans l’histoire de notre culture : il s’agit, pour employer les termes de Cassirer, du passage d’une forme symbolique «mythe » à une autre forme, «religion » , où le langage prend le pas sur le polymorphisme mythique en opérant du même coup une désubstantialisation de la nature. Le texte, de manière virtuose, mobilise toutes les ressources langagières qui lui permettent de faire entendre ce qu’est une création.
Strasbourg – Clermont 1939-1945. L’Université de la Résistance
Authors: Bischoff Georges
Published: December 2019

En 1940, le maintien l’Université de Strasbourg sur le site de Clermont-Ferrand où elle avait été repliée au début de la guerre est, en soi, un premier acte de résistance. Les membres des sept Facultés poursuivent leurs activités d’enseignement et de recherche dans des conditions difficiles, exposés aux tracasseries puis aux persécutions de nazis et à la proximité de Vichy. Structurés très précocement, sous la forme d’organisations politiques et militaires (Libération-sud, Liberté, Francs-Tireurs), relayés par des réseaux de solidarité efficaces, bénéficiant d’une bonne implantation dans la zone «libre » , ils sont à même de combattre le régime totalitaire qui s’est emparé de l’Alsace et de la Moselle et qui s’étend désormais à la France toute entière.
Does drought stress always negatively affect the yield and quality of soybean in Hungary?
Authors: Basal Oqba , Szabó András
Published: December 2019

Globally-fluctuating climate imposed serious abiotic stresses on the agricultural sector, leading to noticeable, and sometimes disastrous, losses in yields and/or quality of crops; however, in certain cases, plants could survive stress with relatively low reductions, and sometimes even with some enhancements as a reaction to changed environment, especially in the case of mild stress. An experiment was conducted in 2017 and 2018 in Debrecen, Hungary to evaluate the mild drought stress influence on the yield and quality of three soybean cultivars. The results showed that both ES Pallador and Pedro cultivars could achieve more yield when subjected to mild drought conditions; however, protein concentration was enhanced in ES Pallador whereas slightly degraded in Pedro under drought. The cultivar Pannonia Kincse followed different trend; both yield and protein concentration were reduced under drought. Oil concentration of the three cultivars did not show significant changes; however, it always followed opposite trend to that of protein concentration. It could be concluded that both ES Pallador and Pedro are recommended to be grown under rain fed conditions in Debrecen, whereas Pannonia Kincse is recommended under irrigation conditions.
Effect of allithiamine on the level of hyperglycaemia-induced advanced glycation end products
Authors: Bíró Attila , Remenyik Judit
Published: December 2019

Diabetes mellitus is a rapidly growing public health burden in both developed and developing countries. Diabetes mellitus is accompanied by hyperglycaemia, which can cause tissue injury by several mechanisms. One of these is the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). In this study, the effect of allithaimine, a fat-soluble thiamine derivative, was investigated on hyperglycaemia-induced AGEs levels using human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as a hyperglycaemic model. HUVECs were isolated by enzymatic digestion, characterized by flow cytometer and treated 30 mM glucose plus allithaimine or thiamine or cell maintenance medium as control.  Allithiamine was synthesized and purified. The structure of the synthesized and isolated compound was verified by reverse phase HPLC and MALDI-TOF. AGEs were evaluated by ELISA. Collectively, our results indicate that allithiamine can reduce level of the hyperglycaemia-induced AGEs similar to thiamine.
Phytoplasma infection status survey in plum psyllid (Cacopsylla pruni) population
Authors: Bodnár Dominika , Szalai Brigitta , Tarcali Gábor , Viczián Orsolya , Mergenthaler Emese
Published: December 2019

European Stone Fruit Yellows (ESFY) phytoplasma disease causes an increasing amount of damage. This is especially true to the Gönci growing region. The insect vector of the disease, which has been shown to have a vector role during transmission experiments, is the plum psyllid (Cacopsylla pruni). In 2018, during the swarming period of plum psyllid, in 3 different settlements (Boldogkőváralja, Nagyvárad and Bekecs) 265 psyllidswere collected, from which 165 were plum psyllid. Molecular biology studies showed 106 individuals infected with phytoplasma, of which 20 were males and 86 were females.
Application of GIS, precision agriculture and unplugging cultivation in plant breeding of Karcag
Authors: Czimbalmos Róbert , Fazekas Éva Mónika , Murányi Eszter
Published: December 2019

In the last two decades, the prevailing ecological conditions and climate change have caused negative effects. Therefore, a paradigm shift is needed in the field growing of plants. The latest inventions, digital technologies, precision cultivation are not enough, the mentality of the farmers is more important. For this reason, not only big financial sacrifices, but adequate receptivity are needed on behalf of farmers. Adequate skills and continuous self-education are necessary. The yield of plant growing farms is determined by ecological conditions to a 40% extent, genetic background of the seed has a 30% share and the applied agricultural technology has a proportion of 30%. In different agroecological conditions, bred varieties of plants have bigger tolerance to unfavorable factors of the regions and significant yield stability. Farmers, who buy and sow seeds, can only contribute to the genetic potential of the seeds with cultivation technology. Plant breeding provides stable genetic background and good quality seeds. Breeding activity – choosing variety proposants, breeding them, selection work, classical breeding process for 8-10 years – must create new landraces, which can produce balance, high yield and have good quality parameters in extreme ecological conditions, yearly excursion and have higher tolerance to unfavorable factors of the region giving significant production stability for farmers. In Karcag GIS technology, precision cultivation elements and soil-friendly agrotechnical methods have been introduced which largely support the aims of breeding and can also provide optimal cultivation conditions in extreme years. Because of the specificity of breeding the main aim is not only to increase yield but to provide harmonic growing for bred materials, to decrease the number and the cost of cultivation and to be punctual. In this study, applied new methods and technologies are introduced.
Nutrient deficiency and effects of various nutrition technologies on crop health
Authors: Rácz Dalma , Radócz László
Published: December 2019

The impacts of climate change on crop production are increasingly noticeable. Extreme weather conditions – such as devastating droughts, which occur more often – have serious effects on crop conditions, thus damaging their defence ability against pathogens and pests. Therefore, in order to achieve high-quality and high yielding crops, it is urgent to elaborate new technologies that improve general condition of crops and prevent development of nutrient diseases. Those crops which suffer from the lack of certain nutrients are more sensitive and their tolerance against diseases are decreased. Nitrogen – as the most influencing macronutrient in yield – is also essential in maintaining crop health. Nevertheless, due to the complicated processes in soil (such as leaching, denitrification), the utilization of nitrogen is not nearly complete, therefore nitrogen stabilizers may be needed to maximize this factor. The use of these stabilizers can be promising where plants with high nitrogen content are grown, although further experiments are needed in which impacts of nitrogen stabilizers on crop protection aspects are examined as well, since there is a close correlation between exaggerated nitrogen fertilizing and sensitivity to pests. During my research I am going to examine the combined effect of foliar fertilizer and nitrogen stabilizer on crop health. Furthermore, my goal is to find clear correlation between pathogens and the different technological variants of nutrition.
Biomass production estimation of processing tomato using AquaCrop under different irrigation treatments
Authors: Takács Sándor , Rácz Istvánné , Csengeri Erzsébet , Bíró Tibor
Published: December 2019

The wiser usage of irrigation water is inevitable in the future. Irrigation has very high input cost; therefore, farmers must carry out irrigation with care. Also, the effect of irrigation on crops has a big role in decision making. Modeling provides a possibility to evaluate this effect. AquaCrop, as a crop production simulation model has great potential in this field. The accuracy of tomato biomass yield prediction of the model was tested in this research. For collecting the necessary data, a field experiment was conducted at Szarvas on processing tomato with different water supplies, such as 100% (I100), 75% (I75), 50% (I50) of potential evapotranspiration and a control with basic water supply (C). The relation of the simulation and actual biomass yields was evaluated during the season. Very good correlation was found between the modelled and the actually harvested data. The data for the control and I100 treatments showed higher correlation than the I75 and I50. The relationship for all of the data was moderately strong. Miscalculations occur mostly when the dry biomass yield reaches 7 t ha-1. The accuracy of the model was evaluated with the use of mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) values. The least error was found in the C treatment, which means 0.34 MAE and 0.45 t ha-1 RMSE. The simulation resulted in higher errors in the I75 and I50 treatments.
The effect of fertilization and plant protection in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) production
Authors: Futó Zoltán
Published: December 2019

Sunflower is the most important oil crop in Europe which is grown on the biggest area of all the oil crops. The area of producing sunflowers in Hungary was changing to 524–704 thousand hectares in the past decade in comparison with approximately 100 thousand hectares in the 1970’s. In our experiment different sunflower hybrids were examined. The doses of fertilizers were the following in 2017 and 2018: 0–30–90–150 kg ha-1 N, 0-50-90-90 kg ha-1 P2O5 and 0–70–110–110 kg ha-1 K2O. Three different treatments of plant protection were used in the experiment to protect them from fungal infections. A rise in the dosage of nitrogen resulted in increasing infection. The biggest fungal infection was identified in 150 kg ha-1 N, 90 kg ha-1 P2O5 and 110 kg ha-1 K2O treatment. The largest infection was measured on plots without plant protection at the highest N doses, both in leaf and disc diseases. We measured the highest 41.25% in 2017 and 53.1% in 2018 Diaporthe helianthi infection, and 24.5% in 2017 and 25.5 % in 2018 Sclerotinia sclerotiorum disc infection in these plots. kg ha-1

Average yield was changing between 2.96–4.67 t ha-1 in 2017/2018. The lowest yield was obtained in the absolute control plot (without plant protection and without nutrient) in both years, which was 2.96 t ha-1 in 2017 and 3.14 t ha-1. The yields increased due to growing nutrient supply and excellent plant protection. The highest yields were 3.67 t ha-1 in 2017 and 4.67 t ha-1 in 2018 (150 kg ha-1 N, 90 kg ha-1 P2O5 and 110 kg K2O active substance). Purpose of the experiment at analysing the impact of different treatments on the profitability of sunflower production.
Barriers and opportunities to operate photovoltaic systems in commercial buildings in Nigeria
Authors: Anyanele İkechukwu , Isamotu Olakunle , Akinde Babafemi
Published: December 2019

The rapid growth of energy
consumption worldwide has increased rapidly, and has raised concerns over
problems of energy supply, energy sustainability, and exhaustion of energy
resources. These problems can be solved by contributing significantly to the
utilization of renewable energy sources. Most developed countries are taking
counter measures by implementing building energy standards in order to reduce
building energy consumption by recognizing new energy policies and encouraging
investment in PV system which is one of the biggest renewable energy sources
and, thus, achieve sustainable energy efficient buildings. However that is not
the case in a developing country like Nigeria, as there is a huge gap between
the demands for electricity and demand for sustainable energy in the country.
The use of PV technology in Nigeria is not new, but it still encounters many barriers
for its penetration into the commercial sector. In respect to that, this
research paper investigates the key challenges in the adoption of Photovoltaic
systems and identifies the effective strategies of implementing PV systems in
commercial buildings in Nigeria. The study focuses on identifying renewable
energy sources for commercial buildings in Nigeria; examining the need for PV
systems in commercial buildings in Nigeria; Identify the effects of PV systems
on energy optimization in commercial buildings; review the policy context for
renewable energy in Nigeria; identify the barriers in adopting photovoltaic
systems in commercial buildings in Nigeria; and recommend possible ways of
overcoming the barriers.
Eliseu Sposito: entre ciência e emoção
Authors: Saquet Marcos
Published: December 2019

Homenagem
Para um professor: momentos, vivências e caminhos
Authors: Langa José Maria Do Rosário Chialaúle
Published: December 2019

Homenagem
Territorialidade e mobilidade: o Nikkei como profissional liberal médico / Territoriality and mobility: Nikkei as a medical liberal professional
Authors: De Sousa Adriano Amaro
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo procurou compreender a territorialidade e a mobilidade dos profissionais liberais nikkeis médicos no município de Presidente Prudente/SP. Para tanto, os aspectos metodológicos estão balizados pelos depoimentos orais dos nikkeis descritos na literatura especializada da ciência geográfica. Todavia, na primeira parte do artigo, iremos tratar do conceito de territorialidade articulado com as relações de sociabilidade dos japoneses e seus descendentes no Brasil, visando compreender a mobilidade das famílias nipônicas. Já na segunda parte, buscaremos traçar o percurso da mobilidade espacial e social dos nikkeis profissionais liberais médicos, tendo como estudo de caso a trajetória (vida, estudos e profissão) de três médicos: o dr. Sizuvo Iamada, o dr. Tadashi Uchida e  o dr. Neiw Iamada. Assim, o dr. Sizuvo Iamada não era originário de Presidente Prudente/SP, mas escolheu essa cidade para empreender, trabalhar e morar. Porém, no caso dos doutores Tadashi Uchida e Neiw Iamada ambos têm Presidente Prudente/SP como lugar de origem e são filhos da classe média/alta local, terminaram a faculdade/residência e, paulatinamente, retornaram ao município natal como médicos para assumir os negócios da família.Palavras-chave: territorialidade, mobilidade, família, nikkei e Presidente Prudente/SP.
Cada um no seu canto e no seu tempo, seguimos unidos: carta ao Professor Eliseu Sposito
Authors: Bomtempo Denise Cristina
Published: December 2019

Homenagem ao profesor Eliseu Savério Sposito
Sobre ensinar e orientar de forma autônoma
Authors: Cruz Dayana Aparecida Marques de Oliveira
Published: December 2019

Homenagema a Eliseu Savério Sposito
Editorial
Authors: Claudino Guilherme Dos Santos
Published: December 2019

Editorial
Eliseu Sposito: entre a interdisciplinaridade, a liberdade e a contribuição às geografias
Authors: Gomes Maria Terezinha Serafim
Published: December 2019

Homenagem
Ver ou baixar a edição completa
Authors: Claudino Guilherme Dos Santos
Published: December 2019

Edição Completa