bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Return On Asset, Return On Equity, dan Price Earning To Ratio Terhadap Harga Saham Syariah Berasarkan Closing Price Pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar di Jakarta Islamic Index Periode Tahun 2020-2022
Authors: Miza Gusmina  , Sri Deti  , Jum’an
Published: May 2024

Investing in the capital market, investors need accurate information, so they are not trapped in adverse conditions. One of the information that can be used by investors in assessing a company is financial statements. For investors, financial statements are useful for determining the best and profitable investment decisions. Based on the analysis of financial statements, investors can find out the comparison of the intrinsic value of the company's shares compared to the market price of the company's shares. To measure stock prices, it can be known from the influence of financial ratios on stock prices. Financial ratios are designed to show the relationship between financial statement estimates. This study aims to determine the effect of Return On Asset, Return On Equity ((ROE), and Price Earning to Ratio on Sharia Stock Prices based on Closing Prices in Companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) for the 2020-2022 period. The research method is quantitative research, technical data analysis using descriptive statistics. The source of research data is secondary data in the form of financial statements and stock prices from companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) for the 2020-2022 period using purposive sampling techniques. Secondary data processing using SPSS analysis technique version 23. Hypothesis testing in this study used multiple linear regression tests. Based on the results of the study shows that Return On Asset partially does not affect Islamic stock prices, Return On Equity partially has a positive and significant effect on Islamic stock prices, and Price Earning to Ratio partially does not affect Islamic stock prices. Return On Asset, Return On Equity, Price Earning to Ratio simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on Islamic stock prices in companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) for the 2020-2022 period.
The Evolution and Impact of Secondary Metabolites in Plants and their Relationship with Human Health
Authors: Akash Roy Chilukuri
Published: May 2024

Secondary metabolites in plants encompass a vast array of chemical compounds with crucial roles in plant defense, interaction, and adaptation. These compounds significantly impact human health, serving as sources for pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and therapeutic agents. This review paper explores the historical development of our understanding of secondary metabolites, their various types and functions, and their relationship with human health. By examining recent advancements and ongoing research, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of plant secondary metabolites on human well-being and potential future directions for this field.
Larval and adult morphology of Photuris elliptica Olivier (Coleoptera, Lampyridae) and a Halloweeny case of cave-dwelling firefly larva feeding on bat guano
Authors: Souto Paula M. , Rosa Simone P. , de A. Zampaulo Robson , Rivera Sara C. , Pellegrini Thais G. , da Silveira Luiz F. L.
Published: May 2024

The predatory fireflyPhoturis ellipticais common throughout the Atlantic Forest and has been proposed as a biomonitor due to the species’ narrow niche and elevational range. However, the species is only known from adults, and a more effective monitoring of its populations hinges on the lack of knowledge on their immature stages. Recent sampling in ferruginous caves and inserted in other lithologies, on sites in the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, have led to the capture of firefly larvae later reared to adults in the lab. Firefly larvae have been reported in South American caves before; however, they have only been identified to family due to the adult-biased taxonomy of Lampyridae. Here, we provide an updated diagnosis ofPhoturis elliptica, describe its immature stages for the first time, and update the distribution of the species. The larvae ofPhoturis ellipticawere observed to interact with guano of several bat species, including that of vampire bats. These observations are consistent with the less specialized feeding preferences of photurine larvae, unlike most other firefly taxa, which specialize in gastropods and earthworms. It is yet unclear whetherP. ellipticaare cave specialists. However, since its occurrence outside caves remains unknown, protecting cave environments must be considered in conservation strategies for this important biomonitor species.
Bounding coefficients for certain subclasses of bi-univalent functions related to Lucas-Balancing polynomials
Authors: Hussen Abdulmtalb , Madi Mohammed S. A. , Abominjil Abobaker M. M.
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we introduced two novel subclasses of bi-univalent functions, $ \mathcal{M}_{\Sigma}(\alpha, \mathcal{B}(x, \xi)) $ and $ \mathcal{H}_{\Sigma}(\alpha, \mu, \mathcal{B}(x, \xi)) $, utilizing Lucas-Balancing polynomials. Within these function classes, we established bounds for the Taylor-Maclaurin coefficients $ \left|a_2\right| $ and $ \left|a_3\right| $, addressing the Fekete-Szegö functional problems specific to functions within these new subclasses. Moreover, we illustrated how our primary findings could lead to various new outcomes through parameter specialization.
¿Movimientos de cuartel o sobresaltos republicanos? Los pronunciamientos de las tropas auxiliares en Perú y Bolivia, 1826-1828
Authors: Gutiérrez Ardila Daniel
Published: May 2024

Colombia jugó un papel muy importante en el desenlace de la guerra en el Alto Perú y en la transformación de aquel territorio en Estado independiente. Considérense, si no, los nombres elegidos para bautizar la República (primeramente, Bolívar; a continuación, Bolivia) o la capital (Sucre), el autor del polémico texto constitucional (el propio Simón Bolívar) o el primer presidente designado (un mariscal venezolano). Menos relevancia se presta a las rebeliones de las tropas a las que se encomendó en buena medida el apuntalamiento del régimen. ¿Qué tan condicionadas estuvieron por los dilemas políticos que conmovieron por aquel entonces los Estados suramericanos? ¿Cómo las interpretaron los periódicos y los gobiernos del subcontinente? ¿De qué manera las ha juzgado posteriormente la historiografía? ¿Qué las motivó, en definitiva? Tales son las cuestiones que busca resolver el presente artículo.
Un abuelo bachiller: la ascendencia paterna de Hernando Cortés
Authors: Martínez Martínez María del Carmen
Published: May 2024

Uno de los aspectos menos conocidos de la vida de Hernando (Hernán) Cortés es su ascendencia paterna, sobre la que no han faltado propuestas y fantásticas recreaciones. En este trabajo se ofrece una revisión historiográfica de las planteadas y se esclarecen sus antepasados paternos a partir de la probanza que, con motivo de la pretensión de Cortés a un hábito de la Orden de Santiago, se hizo en mayo de 1525 en la ciudad de Salamanca. Mientras que la probanza realizada en Trujillo con aquel mismo fin en el mes de junio aporta información sobre la ascendencia materna de Cortés, la probanza de Salamanca contiene datos inéditos sobre sus abuelos y bisabuelos paternos.
Analyse de la direction d’étude de professeur·es des écoles dans des situations de co-intervention en EPS à l’école primaire
Authors: Amans-Passaga Christine , Verscheure Ingrid
Published: May 2024

Dans le cadre de sa polyvalence, le professeur des écoles est en charge de l’enseignement de la discipline Éducation Physique et Sportive pour sa classe. Mais atteindre les finalités de cette discipline scolaire, c’est-à-dire favoriser la transformation des conduites motrices, la construction de pouvoirs d’agir significatifs, propres aux pratiques de référence, constitue un projet ambitieux, complexe pour ces enseignant·es en manque de formation, confronté·es à la diversité des APSA supports et dont l’expérience corporelle, physique et sportive est hétérogène. Face à ces difficultés, il n’est pas rare que les professeur·es du premier degré choisissent de partager cette mission avec des intervenant·es extérieur·es reconnu·es comme possédant une plus grande expertise des APSA et de leur enseignement.Nous portons ici un regard didactique sur ces co-interventions à partir de deux études de cas au sein de systèmes didactiques bicéphales dont nous tentons de repérer le fonctionnement lors de la construction du projet d’intervention mais aussi dans sa mise en œuvre dans la classe. L’analyse centrée sur les savoirs en jeu montre l’absence de concertation en amont et la position en retrait des PE en classe par rapport à l’intervenante extérieure. Nous concluons en évoquant les conditions pour que ces co-interventions débouchent sur une réelle co-activité susceptible d’une optimisation de l’enseignement de l’EPS dans le premier degré.
Co-élaborer des ressources curriculaires en EPS pour l’enseignement primaire en Suisse, au carrefour des épistémologies professionnelles et des cultures linguistiques
Authors: Lenzen Benoît , Hayoz Christelle , Ferrari Ilaria , Weber Serge , Deriaz Daniel , Voisard Nicolas
Published: May 2024

Dans cette ingénierie didactique de deuxième génération, nous nous sommes focalisés sur les compromis et désaccords entre des rédacteurs et des experts engagés dans la co-élaboration d’un canevas visant à structurer la rédaction ultérieure de ressources curriculaires pour l’enseignement de l’EPS à l’école primaire en Suisse. Nous avons ainsi identifié (a) un désaccord autour de la notion professionnelle de « forme de pratique scolaire », (b) un compromis autour du concept de « contenu d’enseignement », et (c) un désaccord autour de la durée et de l’architecture des séquences d’enseignement à produire. Nous avons interprété ceux-ci en termes d’épistémologies pratiques des acteurs impliqués. Celles-ci se sont révélées non assujetties à la culture linguistique, empreintes de différents paradigmes pédagogiques et d’interprétations différentes des finalités et conditions de mise en œuvre de l’ingénierie didactique. Au regard de ces résultats, nous considérons la co-élaboration de ressources curriculaires comme une composition sous influences, qui pourrait faire l’objet d’une analyse complémentaire ancrée dans la sociologie des organisations.
L’enquête des « écoles vitaminées » à l’EPS et perspectives de recherche
Authors: Pontais Claire , Thépaut Antoine , Verscheure Ingrid
Published: May 2024

Cet article s’appuie sur l’enquête « Les écoles vitaminées à l’EPS » (Pontais, 20211) qui désigne les écoles où l’EPS (Education physique et Sportive) considérée comme fondamentale, est enseignée à la hauteur des attendus des programmes et participe à la dynamique de projets d’école par l’enseignement de Pratiques Physiques, Sportives et Artistiques (PPSA). L’étude est fondée sur une enquête d’entretiens semi-directifs avec l’équipe d’enseignant.es de ces écoles. Elle permet d’identifier de quelle manière celles-ci réussissent à assurer l’horaire obligatoire d’EPS et dégage les conditions qui participent à les « vitaminer », à savoir la proximité des équipements, le sens donné aux enjeux de l’EPS, les rencontres sportives sur le temps scolaire, la présence d’un.e collègue personne-ressource dans l’école. En effet, l’EPS à l’école primaire n’est pas enseignée à la hauteur de ce que les programmes prévoient (3 heures par semaine), alors même que les enjeux de santé sont criants et que des inégalités d’accès à la culture physique, sportive et artistique persistent. Or, même dans un contexte qui n’est pas favorable, certaines écoles réussissent à considérer l’EPS comme une discipline fondamentale et à dynamiser leur projet d’école par l’enseignement de PPSA. Comprendre le fonctionnement de ces « Ecoles vitaminées à l’EPS » a été l’enjeu d’une enquête portée par deux syndicats de la Fédération Syndicale Unitaire (FSU), enquête que nous rapportons ici dans un premier temps. Dans un second temps, nous présentons quelques pistes de recherche qui nous paraissent intéressantes à investiguer, notamment dans une perspective de développement « d’une EPS de qualité ».
Guardians of Health Data
Authors: Babu C. V. Suresh , Karthick A. , Lakshmipathy S. , Arun Shanu C. , Anush Gokkul S.
Published: May 2024

This chapter aims to explore the synergistic potential of the internet of medical things (IoMT) and blockchain technology within the context of secure electronic health records (EHR). IoMT is revolutionizing healthcare by enabling real-time patient monitoring and data collection. However, concerns over data security are paramount. Blockchain, known for its robust data security capabilities, holds the promise of addressing these concerns. This chapter will discuss the IoMT's significance, applications, and challenges, while delving into the crucial role of blockchain in securing patient data. The chapter will also offer insights into the potential benefits, emerging trends, and ethical considerations in the IoMT and blockchain healthcare landscape.
AI-Powered Transformation in the Indo-Pacific
Authors: Dwivedi Akshat
Published: May 2024

The Indo-Pacific region spans a vast geographical expanse and boasts a rich tapestry of cultures and dynamic economies. At the forefront of the shift is artificial intelligence (AI), a revolutionary force that has the power to reshape economies, societies, and even geopolitical landscapes. This in-depth examination delves into the multifaceted impacts of AI on the Indo-Pacific region, exploring the opportunities, challenges, and future trajectories that will shape this epochal shift. By analyzing the interplay between technological advancement, regulatory frameworks, cultural dynamics, and geopolitical changes, this comprehensive study offers a nuanced view of the complex effects that AI is having on the Indo-Pacific. It underlines the region's significance as a testing ground for AI-powered innovations with broad implications, calling for cooperative governance frameworks and common standards. The summary opens with a broad overview of the Indo-Pacific region's present AI ecosystem, highlighting ground-breaking projects, important stakeholders, and emerging trends.
The Oceanic Triad
Authors: Turker Hasim
Published: May 2024

The Indo-Pacific region has become the epicenter of geopolitical contestation and collaboration in the 21st century. The United States, recognizing the strategic significance of this maritime expanse, has articulated the Indo-Pacific Strategy to foster a free, open, inclusive, and rules-based order. Japan and India, as major powers in the region, are integral to the success of this strategy. This chapter delves into the trilateral partnership among the U.S., Japan, and India, examining its historical evolution, geopolitical interests, economic engagements, and security collaborations within the context of the Indo-Pacific. The study reveals that the confluence of interests among the U.S., Japan, and India is pivotal in shaping the Indo-Pacific narrative and in countering challenges to the rules-based order, particularly from a rising China. The chapter concludes with policy recommendations for strengthening the trilateral partnership and for ensuring a stable and prosperous Indo-Pacific region.
Artificial Intelligence-Driven Instruction and Its Impact on Heutagogy and Student Engagement
Authors: Mupaikwa Elisha
Published: May 2024

The degree to which artificial intelligence fosters student participation determines the heutagogical performance. The main ideas of heutagogy, student engagement, and artificial intelligence are covered in this chapter. The chapter discuss how artificial intelligence technology can be used in education to enhance student engagememt in teaching and learning. The analysis demonstrates that heutagogy, student engagement, and student performance are strongly correlated. The chapter goes on to demonstrate the close relationship that exists between student performance and engagement and the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the classroom. The chapter suggests more advancements in the ways that artificial intelligence technology is used in education.
Assessment, Evaluation, and Feedback in Online Education With Artificial Intelligence-Supported Tools
Authors: Kayalı Bünyami , Balat Şener
Published: May 2024

The increasing role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in educational activities is also evident in online education. By providing personalised and adaptive learning experiences and offering support for teachers by tracking student behaviours to make inferences about student success and performance, AI reduces teachers' workload, allowing them to focus more on educational activities. AI applications especially enable the rapid and easy completion of assessment and evaluation activities, which teachers often spend significant time and effort on. Within this scope, AI-supported tools are used in online education activities to perform automatic assessments, provide real-time feedback, and conduct data analysis and performance evaluation activities. In this context, the aim of the study is determined as the examination of measurement, evaluation, and feedback activities in online education with AI-supported tools.
Drivers and Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Student Engagement
Authors: Wadhwa Riya , Rabby Fazla , Bansal Rohit , Hundekari Sheela
Published: May 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the landscape of education by revolutionizing student engagement. Through personalized learning algorithms, AI analyzes individual student data to tailor educational content, keeping students engaged with material that suits their learning preferences and abilities. AI-driven gamification elements inject fun and motivation into the learning process, incentivizing students to progress. Analyzing engagement metrics with AI enables educators to identify struggling students early on and intervene effectively to keep them engaged. So, this research will investigate the impact of artificial intelligence on student engagement through bibliometric analysis. For the literature database, the Scopus database was examined, and the researcher got 300 research papers in total. After refining and limiting the years from 2014 to 2024, researchers selected 80 papers for the final examination. The selected papers are open-access and in the final stage. A few of the drivers of artificial intelligence on student engagement are also elaborated in this chapter.
The Hand Patient: Fracture-dislocation of the base of the first meta-carpal bone (Bennett's Fracture)
Authors: Mennen U.
Published: May 2024

No abstract available.
Letters to the Editor
Authors: Soniyi S.K. , Joubert G. , Hiemstra L.A. , Bereczy B.Z. , De Vries Elma
Published: May 2024

No abstract available.
Letters to the Editor
Authors: Rarthgeber W.F.J. , Ingle Ronald
Published: May 2024

No abstract available.
Managing risk in statistics - 'Relative Risk'
Authors: Durrheim D.N. , Ogunbanjo G.A.
Published: May 2024

No abstract available.
Assessment of retinol-binding protein-4, fibroblast growth factor-21, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 in relation to obesity and insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes mellitus among Egyptian patients
Authors: Ghanem Ayat I. , Bassyouni Atef A. , Omar Ghada A.
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

The relation between obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance (IR) shows that adipose tissue plays a significant secretory role. Adipokines such as retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4), fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) exhibit pleiotropic biological activities and might be valuable biomarkers involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present study aims to assess serum levels of RBP-4, FGF21, and DPP4 and correlate their relation with obesity and IR in Egyptian patients with T2DM.

Patients and methods

This study included 130 patients with T2DM (70 obese and 60 nonobese) enrolled from the inpatient and outpatient clinics of the National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (NIDE), Cairo, Egypt, in addition to 70 age-matched and sex-matched healthy individuals (35 obese and 35 nonobese). Serum level assessments of RBP-4, FGF21, and DPP4 were carried out on all participants using Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay technique.

Results

Serum levels of RBP-4, FGF21, and DPP4 showed statistically significant differences in all studied groups (P<0.01). RBP-4, FGF21, and DPP4 were all correlated positively with BMI, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR. RPB-4 was negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Both RBP-4 and FGF21 were significantly associated with IR (odds ratio=1.264; P<0.001, and odds ratio=1.059; P<0.01, respectively), whereas receiver operating characteristic curves analysis revealed that serum levels of RBP-4 were most significant [area under curve (AUC)=0.826, P=<0.001], followed by FGF21 (AUC=0.774, P<0.001) and finally DPP4 (AUC=0.677, P<0.001).

Conclusions

Obesity and IR were found to be significantly associated with RBP-4, FGF21, and DPP4. They were higher in all obese groups, with the diabetic obese group having the highest concentrations. Of the three adipokines studied, RBP-4 has the strongest link. This finding will bolster the adipose-derived factors use as biomarkers and targets for treating and managing obesity and T2DM.
The role of D-dimer with beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, progesterone and cancer antigen-125 as markers for miscarriage
Authors: Salem Sondos , Abdel-Rasheed Mazen , Hamdy Shereen , Salama Sameh
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim

Miscarriage is defined as pregnancy termination before the 20th week of gestation or if a baby’s birth weight is more than 500 g. Approximately 10–12% of all gestations worldwide end with a miscarriage. We aimed in this study to evaluate the role of serum level of D-dimer along with beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG), progesterone, and cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) in the prediction of first trimetric miscarriage.

Patients and methods

A total of 400 pregnant women from the Centre of Excellency Clinic, National Research Centre, Egypt, were recruited in this study at the fifth week of gestational age. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 included patients whose pregnancy was completed (n=356), and group 2 included patients who had miscarriage (n=44). Serum level of D-dimer was measured by enzyme-linked fluorescence assay, whereas serum levels of β-HCG, progesterone, and CA-125 were measured by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique at the fifth week and 13th week of gestation for all participants, and then they underwent follow-up until 20 weeks of pregnancy.

Results

Pregnancy was completed in 356 women (group 1), whereas miscarriage occurred in 44 women (group 2). At the fifth week and 13th week of gestation, the serum level of D-dimer in the fifth week was insignificant, but it became significant in the 13th week. β-HCG and progesterone were found significantly lower, whereas the level of CA-125 was found higher in women who aborted (group 2).

Conclusion

During the first trimester, maternal serum markers such as D-dimer with β-HCG, progesterone, and CA-125 levels represent early, noninvasive techniques to predict miscarriage.
The association of TRAP1 gene and TNFSF4 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility of rheumatoid arthritis in a sample of Egyptian patients
Authors: Ibrahim Alshaymaa A. , Abdelhadi Maha , Ashmawy Ingy , Ramadan Abeer , Wahby Aliaa , Hassan Mirhane , Elgengehy Fatema T. , Abdel Baki Noha M.
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

The disclosure of new gene polymorphisms and their association with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility open new windows for better clarification of disease pathogenesis, leading to discovering new therapeutic targets. The present study aimed to explore the association of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) gene rs8055172 and tumor necrosis factor superfamily number 4 (TNFSF4) gene rs1234315 with susceptibility of RA in a sample of Egyptian patients.

Patients and methods

This study included 200 RA patients from the Rheumatology Department Outpatients’ Clinic of Kasr El Ainy Teaching Hospital and Centre of Medical Excellence of National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt. The study also included 200 healthy participants with no family history of autoimmunity serving as a control group. Genotyping of the studied polymorphisms was done using real-time PCR technique.

Results

The control group showed no significant deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium regarding rs8055172 and rs1234315 (P=0.6 and 0.2, respectively). Regarding genotypes of rs8055172, the CC homozygous genotype was more observed among patients. Therefore, the frequency of C allele is higher among RA patients compared with healthy controls (P=0.001). Logistic regression analysis of rs8055172 genotypes with susceptibility of RA was only significant under the recessive model, where patients carrying CC allele have higher susceptibility to develop RA (P=0.001, odds ratio=3.1) compared with patients carrying TT and CT allele. On the other hand, distribution of TNFSF4 (rs1234315) genotypes showed no significant difference between controls and RA group (P=0.7).

Conclusions

Our results indicate that the TRAP1 gene rs8055172 associates with RA in a population of Egyptians from Cairo, while TNFSF4 gene rs1234315 plays no role in disease susceptibility. A large-scale study to assess the association between TRAP1 gene polymorphism, TRAP1 mRNA expression, and TRAP1 protein level, is needed to clarify the role of TRAP1 gene polymorphism in RA pathogenesis.
Protective effect of lobelia and hops mixture against cigarette inhalation toxicity in female rats
Authors: Refaie Amel A. , Diab Yasser M.
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim

Cigarette inhalation is dangerous for the health of both nonsmokers and smokers. It is the most important cause of death. The current study is important for studying the protective role of lobelia (Lobelia inflata) and hops (Humulus lupulus) against the toxic effects of smoking inhalation in adult female rats.

Materials and methods

This study was performed on 24 female rats divided into four groups (six each) including control group (G1), cigarettes inhalation group (G2), mixture of lobelia and hops inhalation group (G3), and mixture of herbal plants plus cigarettes inhalation group (G4). Female rats were exposed to inhalation of a mixture of lobelia and hops or cigarettes separately or mixed for 4 weeks with a concentration of 4.4 mg/kg for each dose. At the end of the experiment, serum samples and whole blood were used for biochemical and hematological investigation as well as histological examination on liver, kidney, lung, and cardiac tissue.

Results

The cigarette-treated rats showed significant increases (P<0.05) in levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, protein, urea, and creatinine, whereas a significant decrease (P<0.05) in albumin level was estimated. The exposure to the mixture of herbal plants only showed normal levels of liver and kidney biomarkers in comparison with the control group. However, the combination of cigarette plus mixture of herbal plants inhalations revealed normal levels of liver and kidney parameters after 4 weeks of inhalation. Histological studies showed morphological alterations in all vital organs of rats in cigarette inhalation-treated group, whereas normal histological examination in group of rats treated with cigarette plus mixture of herbal plants inhalations.

Conclusion

These findings concluded that exposure to cigarette inhalation in female rats activated harmful effects to the vital organs; this toxicity can be improved by exposure to mixtures of herbal plants from lobelia (L. inflata) and hops (H. lupulus).
Role of anthropometric measurements on sonographic estimation of false hepatomegaly among healthy adult men
Authors: El Hussieny Mohamed S. , El-Masry Sahar A. , Hassan Nayera E.
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

Ultrasonography is the modality of choice in assessment of liver span and an essential part of clinical assessment of healthy and pathologic liver. Various anthropometrical measurements may influence liver span. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between anthropometric variables and liver span and verify that the previously accepted cutoff value of normal liver span should be changed according to body physique.

Patients and methods

This cross-sectional study included randomly selected 106 men with normal liver function tests, visiting Hala Eisa Hospital searching for medical advice other than liver disease. Height, weight, and BMI were estimated, and ultrasound scanning for all participants was done.

Results

The mean liver span for the studied men was 16.02±1.59 cm. Among the current samples, 62.3% (66) had false hepatomegaly and 37.7% (40) had normal liver span. There were insignificant differences in the anthropometric parameters between the men with false hepatomegaly and those with normal liver span; however, mean weight, height, BMI, and waist–hip ratio (WHR) were higher in men with false hepatomegaly. In addition, among men with normal liver span, there were highly significant positive correlations between liver span on one side and age, body weight, BMI, and WHR on the other side. However, among men with false hepatomegaly group, there was a highly significant negative correlation (P<0.01) between liver span and height. Among men with normal liver span, WHR explained 43.2% of the changes occurred in liver span, which increased to 49.5% when age was added. Among men with false hepatomegaly, height explained 24.9% of the changes occurred in liver span, which increased to 36.7% when age was added.

Conclusion

In decision of diagnosis of hepatomegaly, body physique should be taken into consideration, particularly height and weight/height ratio. For the universe, cutoff point of 16 cm of liver span cannot be used to distinguish between those with normal liver and hepatomegaly.
Antiplatelet agents
Authors: Haffouz Asma , Gargouri Ali , Hadjkacem Basma
Published: May 2024

Platelets play a major role in normal hemostatic and thrombotic processes. Aggregation of platelets presents the key pathophysiological step in the development of cardiovascular diseases; hence, antiplatelet agents remain crucial in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. They may target the three principal phases leading to thrombogenesis, including platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation. This review presents an overview of the currently available antiplatelet agents, with a particular focus on their targets, pharmacological properties, and limitation of use.
Anticancer, antioxidant, and antihyperlipidemic effects of royal jelly
Authors: Al-Okbi Sahar Y. , Al-Siedy Enas S.
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

Royal jelly (RJ) is a natural product obtained from honey bees and claimed to possess diverse health benefits. The aim of the present research was to search some of such health claims, including antioxidant, anticancer, and antihyperlipidemic effects, so as to support or negate such claims.

Materials and methods

RJ was tested for its antioxidant, anticancer, and antihyperlipidemic effects. The in-vitro antioxidant effect was screened using 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate, and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays. The anticancer effect was carried out by applying MTT assay using human cancer cell line from breast (MCF-7, breast adenocarcinoma) and from liver (Huh-7, hepatocellular carcinoma). The in-vivo antihyperlipidemic effect was studied in a Triton X-100-induced hyperlipidemic rat model. The rats were divided into three groups; normal control, hyperlipidemic control, and hyperlipidemic group where rats were given 300 mg RJ/kg rat bodyweight as daily oral dose for 2 weeks before Triton injection and continued 3 days after the injection. Plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), high-densitylipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, malondialdehyde, and the activities of transaminases (alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase) were analyzed in all rats. The ratio of TC/HDL-C was calculated as a cardiovascular risk factor. Livers of all rats were investigated for any histopathological changes.

Results

demonstrated in-vitro antioxidant activity with different degrees according to the assay type ranging from 0.43 to 5.634 ΜM Trolox eq/mg RJ. The anticancer effect showed IC50 of 51.133 and 107.332 Μg/ml from RJ toward MCF-7 and Huh-7, respectively. The animal experiment demonstrated significant reduction in the activities of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase, levels of malondialdehyde, triglycerides, TC, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol with concomitant elevation in HDL-C, and a decrease in TC/HDL-C, with improvement of liver histopathology in the group given RJ compared with the hyperlipidemic control group.

Conclusion

Within the extreme of the present research, RJ was efficient as antihyperlipidemic and hepatoprotective agent and has mild to moderate antioxidant activity according to the screened assays together with anticancer potential in cell lines, which was superior against MCF-7 compared with Huh-7.
Parathyroid gland injury after total thyroidectomy in Fayoum University Hospitals, Egypt
Authors: Ibrahim Mohammed , El Ghaffar Noha K.A. , Fathy Mohamed
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

The incidences of transient and permanent hypocalcemia range from 2 to 32% (1–3) and 0.2 to 13% (3, 4), respectively, in patients who have undergone total thyroidectomy. The aim of the present work is to determine the incidence of parathyroid gland injury in total thyroidectomy operations in Fayoum University Hospitals.

Patients and methods

This study was carried out as a prospective study on 50 patients who presented with goiter with formal surgical indication for a total thyroidectomy operation. They were evaluated, operated and included in this study in the period from April 2019 to November 2019. Patients were examined at our outpatient general surgery clinic in Fayoum University.

Results

About nine patients (18.0%) developed manifestations of hypocalcemia within the first 24 h postoperatively after thyroidectomy; there was a statistically significant relation between recurrence and hypocalcemia status, with P=0.016. The incidence of hypocalcemia in patients with recurrent goiter was much higher than in those with de-novo goiter (75 vs. 13%).

Conclusion

Post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism due to parathyroid gland injury is believed to have a multifactorial background including the experience of the operator, the surgical technique and some risk factors of the patients (age and sex); all these factors have contributed to its incidence in the current study.
Phenotypic characteristics of CD133+ EpCAM+ cancer stem-like cells derived from the human hepatoma HepG2 cell line
Authors: Aglan Hadeer A. , Mahmoud Nadia S. , Elhinnawi Manar A. , Abd-Rabou Ahmed A. , Ahmed Hanaa H.
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) have been found to be a serious hurdle in the effective treatment of cancer. The rationale of this study was to isolate and characterize CD133+EpCAM+-enriched cells from the human hepatoma HepG2 cell line to prove their stemness phenotype.

Materials and methods

The CD133+EpCAM+ cells were sorted from the HepG2 cell line using magnetic cell sorting and specified by flow cytometry analysis of surface markers [CD13, CD24, CD34, CD44, CD90, CD133, and CD326 (EpCAM)] and transmission electron microscopy to confirm their identity as CSCs. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was applied for determining the expression level of stemness marker genes: Oct4, Nanog, ALDH1A1, Notch receptors (NOTCH1, NOTCH2, and NOTCH3), and cytokeratins (CK8/18/19). The proliferative ability of the isolated cells was identified through MTT assay, and their sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs was measured by cell counting kit-8 assay.

Results

The isolated CD133+EpCAM+ cells from the HepG2 cell line characterized by flow cytometry were positive for CD13 (81.8%), CD24 (24.4%), CD34 (3.36%), CD44 (92.0%), CD90 (39.7%), CD133 (82.3%), and CD326 (2.79%). Moreover, our data clarified from transmission electron microscopy examination that the isolated CD133+EpCAM+ cells exhibited irregular cell morphology and integral cell membrane structure. The sorted CD133+EpCAM+ cells possessed considerable increase in the mRNA level of Oct4, Nanog, ALDH1A1, NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NOTCH3, and CK19 genes, whereas they showed significant decrease in the mRNA level of CK8 and CK18 genes versus CD133-EpCAM- cells. Moreover, starting from day 4 to day 10, the CD133+EpCAM+ cells showed a significant increase in their proliferation rate and displayed high resistance to chemotherapy (doxorubicin) contrary to CD133-EpCAM- cells.

Conclusion

On the basis of the aforementioned results, CD133+EpCAM+-enriched cells strictly represented CSC phenotype in the HepG2 cell line. These cells might be valuable for studying the mechanism of CSCs in hepatoma and screening novel targets for cancer therapy.
Prevalence of food insecurity and associated factors among Cairo University students
Authors: Mohamed Hend S. , Ismail Karim A.
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

Food insecurity (FI) is a major public health issue. The susceptibility to FI varies along life course; however, university is a potential period of particular vulnerability. The figures of food-security status among Egyptian university students are scarce. The present study aims to assess the prevalence of FI among Cairo University students, identify the associated sociodemographic factors, and determine its relation with the students’ health status.

Patients and methods

A cross-sectional study included (n=500) 241 female and 259 male students. They were interviewed using a questionnaire consisting of demographic variables, the US Adulthood Food Security Survey Module. The 19-item Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, 14-item Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale, and Eating Attitudes Test-26.

Results

The mean age of the students was 23.78±4.3 years old. Sixty-six percent of the students were food-insecure, while 25% with very low food security. Significant relationships were identified between FI with sex, residence, parents’ education, working beside studying, family head, family size, and average monthly income (P<0.01). FI was associated with poor sleep quality and stress (P<0.01).

Conclusions

FI is a significant problem with high prevalence among Cairo University students and has negative implication on mental health. It is recommended to screen for FI and implement policy and program initiatives, as well as addressing solutions for FI among university students.
Comparative study of maxillary denture-base retention between CAD/CAM (3D printed) and conventional fabrication techniques
Authors: EL Naggar Shady M. , Helal Eman , Khalil Mai F.F. , Esmat El-Sisy Ahmed M. , Gouda Ayman
Published: May 2024

Background/aim

Clinical studies comparing the retention values of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) denture bases with those of conventionally processed denture bases are lacking. The purpose of this clinical study was to compare the retention values of digitally 3D-printed maxillary denture bases with those of conventional heat-polymerized denture bases.

Patients and methods

The study was conducted on 32 completely edentulous outpatients visiting the clinic of Dental Surgery, Misr University for Science and Technology, Egypt. The patients were divided into two groups, group I received conventional complete dentures (CDs) and group II received 3D-printed CAD/CAM dentures, the retention of the maxillary denture bases was evaluated at the denture insertion and after 1, 3, 6, and 9 months. A universal testing machine was used to measure the retention of each denture. Every denture base was subjected to a slowly increasing vertical load, until the denture was totally out of place three times at 5-minute intervals. The average retention of each denture was analyzed. An independent t-test was performed for significance evaluation between both groups, while one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post-hoc test was used for multiple comparisons.

Results

Group II showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in retention in all of the follow-up periods (at the time of denture insertion and after 1, 3, 6, and 9 months) when compared with group I. Definite time intervals of both groups showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in retentive values in all follow-up periods, except for the last two follow-up periods from denture insertion – 6 months and from denture insertion – 9 months showed the insignificant difference in both groups.

Conclusion

The retention of the maxillary CD prepared with the 3D print CAD/CAM method was significantly higher than conventional heat-polymerized denture bases, meaning that the 3D print CAD/CAM method can meet the clinically acceptable precision for the design and construction of CDs with higher retentive means of completely edentulous patients.
Différentielles quadratiques à singularités prescrites
Authors: Gendron Quentin , Tahar Guillaume
Published: May 2024

The local invariants of a meromorphic quadratic differential on a compact Riemann surface are the orders of zeros and poles, and the residues at the poles of even orders. The main result of this paper is that with few exceptions, every pattern of local invariants can be obtained by a quadratic differential on some Riemann surface. The exceptions are completely classified and only occur in genera zero and one. Moreover, in the case of a nonconnected stratum, we show that, with three exceptions in genus one, each configuration of invariants can be realized in each non-hyperelliptic connected component of the stratum. In the hyperelliptic components with two poles the residues at both poles coincide. These results are obtained using the flat metric induced by the differentials. We give an application by bounding the number of disjoint cylinders on a primitive quadratic differential.
Об объемах деревьев леса Гальтона - Ватсона с бесконечной дисперсией в критическом случае
Authors: Pavlov Yurii Leonidovich
Published: May 2024

Рассматриваются леса Гальтона - Ватсона, образованные начинающимся с $N$ частиц критическим ветвящимся процессом, общее число потомков которых равно $n$ за все время эволюции. Число непосредственных потомков каждой частицы имеет распределение \begin{equation*}p_k=\frac{h(k+1)}{(k+1)^\tau}, \qquad k=0,1,2, …, \quad \tau\in (2,3),\end{equation*} где $h(k)$ - медленно меняющаяся на бесконечности функция. Производящая функция этого распределения имеет вид \begin{equation*}U(z)=z+(1-z)^{\tau-1}L(1-z),\end{equation*} где $L(x)$ - медленно меняющаяся в нуле функция. Найдены предельные распределения числа деревьев заданного объема, если $N,n\rightarrow \infty$ так, что $n/N^{\tau-1} \rightarrow \infty$.
Đánh giá thành phần hóa học thực vật và hiệu quả ức chế sự nảy mầm hạt của cao chiết thô từ lá cây Ngũ sắc (Lantana camara L.) và cây Sài đất (Wedelia trilobataL.)
Authors: Tất Trương Quốc , Huế Võ Nhựt , Ý Nguyễn Huỳnh Như , Khánh Nguyễn Duy
Published: May 2024

Cây ngũ sắc và sài đất là 02 loài thực vật mọc hoang dại và có đặc tính xâm lấn mạnh mẽ. Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm xác nhận sự hiện diện của một số thành phần hợp chất hóa học thực vật và khả năng ức chế sự nảy mầm hạt đối với hạt cỏ lồng vực nước, hạt cải củ và hạt cải xà lách của 02 loại cao chiết thô từ lá cây ngũ sắc và cây sài đất ở điều kiện in vitro. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy cao chiết thô ethanol từ 02 nguyên liệu thực vật chứa đa dạng các hợp chất có tác dụng sinh học như phenolic, flavonoid và alkaloid. Cao chiết cây sài đất thể hiện khả năng ức chế sự nảy mầm đối với hạt cỏ lồng vực nước, cải củ và cải xà lách cao hơn cao chiết lá ngũ sắc. Ở nồng độ 5 mg/mL, mức độ ức chế sự nảy mầm hạt của cao chiết thô từ cây sài đất đối với hạt cỏ lồng vực nước, cải củ và cải xà lách đạt lần lượt là 84.83%, 82.59% và 96.57%. Từ đây, cây sài đất có thể được xem là một nguyên liệu thực vật có nhiều tiềm năng trong việc nghiên cứu các hợp chất có khả năng ức chế cỏ dại.
The relationship between attachment styles, psychological disorders, and mentalization capacity
Authors: POPOV Ștefan
Published: May 2024

Attachment theory is widely regarded as one of the most significant advancements in psychology. Originally focused on early childhood development, it has expanded to offer insights into a broad spectrum of psychological disorders in adulthood. Additionally, some scholars propose that attachment theory could serve as a unifying framework in psychotherapy. If psychological disorders stem from attachment disturbances, then therapeutic interventions should theoretically impact attachment styles. However, there remains ongoing debate regarding whether attachment styles remain fixed throughout life or can adapt in response to environmental factors or psychotherapy. This theoretical study seeks to provide greater clarity on the malleability of attachment styles, the association between attachment and psychological disorders, and the examination of mentalizationa central concept in the genesis of psychological disorders. Mentalization is not only seen as a core feature of attachment styles but also as a key process in psychotherapy.
Handling TikTok App Addiction Behavior in Gen Z (Case Study on Three Teenagers in Rumah Tiga Village)
Authors: Krestina Huwae Rachel , Azis Fatimah
Published: May 2024

Indonesia is the second country with the most active TikTok users in the world. In April 2022, active TikTok users in Indonesia reached 99.1 million people. revealed in the latest report 'Media State of Mobile 2024' released by Data.AI at the beginning of 2024, Indonesians are also starting to get addicted to TikTok. It was recorded that Indonesian citizens spent 64.8 billion hours on TikTok throughout 2023, an increase of 33%. This proves that many people are addicted to TikTok. Especially Gen Z, which is a generation that is close to technology (digital native), as they were born in the era of cellphones, are smart, grew up with sophisticated computer technology, and have an openness to easier internet access compared to previous generations. So efforts are needed to overcome Gen z who is addicted to the Tiktok application (Tiktok Syndrome). The aim of this research is to answer the problem of how to handle children addicted to the Tiktok application (Tiktok syndrome) in 3 teenagers in Rumah Tiga Village, Teluk Ambon District, Ambon City.
Bioregenerative Applications of the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell- Derived Secretome: Part-II
Authors: Gallicchio Vincent S
Published: May 2024

This literature review analyzes the results from studies applying conditioned medium and extracellular vesicles derived from the mesenchymal stem cell secretome to numerous disease states in animal and human in-vivo models. Information about the conditions treated and the observed benefits and side-effects of these therapeutics are discussed. Ongoing clinical trials applying conditioned medium and extracellular vesicles, recommended future research and limitations of cell-free strategies are addressed. Findings demonstrate that the mesenchymal stem cell secretome holds promise as an effective treatment for numerous disease states. This manuscript is a companion piece to “Part 1: Bioregenerative Applications of the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Secretome,” included in this issue, which contains background information about stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells, their limitations in-vivo and the advent of cell-free strategies as a viable alternative for disease treatment.