bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Outlook of Recent Advances in Chemiresistive Sensor-Based Electronic Nose Systems for Food Quality and Environmental Monitoring
Authors: John Alishba T. , Murugappan Krishnan , Nisbet David R. , Tricoli Antonio
Published: March 2021

An electronic nose (Enose) relies on the use of an array of partially selective chemical gas sensors for identification of various chemical compounds, including volatile organic compounds in gas mixtures. They have been proposed as a portable low-cost technology to analyse complex odours in the food industry and for environmental monitoring. Recent advances in nanofabrication, sensor and microcircuitry design, neural networks, and system integration have considerably improved the efficacy of Enose devices. Here, we highlight different types of semiconducting metal oxides as well as their sensing mechanism and integration into Enose systems, including different pattern recognition techniques employed for data analysis. We offer a critical perspective of state-of-the-art commercial and custom-made Enoses, identifying current challenges for the broader uptake and use of Enose systems in a variety of applications.
StyHighNet: Semi-Supervised Learning Height Estimation from a Single Aerial Image via Unified Style Transferring
Authors: Gao Qian , Shen Xukun
Published: March 2021

Recovering height information from a single aerial image is a key problem in the fields of computer vision and remote sensing. At present, supervised learning methods have achieved impressive results, but, due to domain bias, the trained model cannot be directly applied to a new scene. In this paper, we propose a novel semi-supervised framework, StyHighNet, for accurately estimating the height of a single aerial image in a new city that requires only a small number of labeled data. The core is to transfer multi-source images to a unified style, making the unlabeled data provide the appearance distribution as additional supervision signals. The framework mainly contains three sub-networks: (1) the style transferring sub-network maps multi-source images into unified style distribution maps (USDMs); (2) the height regression sub-network, with the function of predicting the height maps from USDMs; and (3) the style discrimination sub-network, used to distinguish the sources of USDMs. Among them, the style transferring sub-network shoulders dual responsibilities: On the one hand, it needs to compute USDMs with obvious characteristics, so that the height regression sub-network can accurately estimate the height maps. On the other hand, it is necessary that the USDMs have consistent distribution to confuse the style discrimination sub-network, so as to achieve the goal of domain adaptation. Unlike previous methods, our style distribution function is learned unsupervised, thus it is of greater flexibility and better accuracy. Furthermore, when the style discrimination sub-network is shielded, this framework can also be used for supervised learning. We performed qualitatively and quantitative evaluations on two sets of public data, Vaihingen and Potsdam. Experiments show that the framework achieved superior performance in both supervised and semi-supervised learning modes.
The Instrument Design of Lightweight and Large Field of View High-Resolution Hyperspectral Camera
Authors: Fan Xinghao , Liu Chunyu , Liu Shuai , Xie Yunqiang , Zheng Liangliang , Wang Tiancong , Feng Qinping
Published: March 2021

The design of compact hyperspectral cameras with high ground resolution and large field of view (FOV) is a challenging problem in the field of remote sensing. In this paper, the time-delayed integration (TDI) of the digital domain is applied to solve the issue of insufficient light energy brought by high spatial resolution, and a hyperspectral camera with linear variable filters suitable for digital domain TDI technology is further designed. The camera has a wavelength range of 450–950 nm, with an average spectral resolution of 10.2 nm. The paper also analyzed the effects of digital domain TDI on the signal–noise ratio (SNR) and the spectral resolution. During its working in orbits, we have obtained high-SNR images with a swath width of 150 km, and a ground sample distance (GSD) of 10 m @ 500 km. The design of the hyperspectral camera has an improved spatial resolution while reducing the cost.
Validity of the Favero Assioma Duo Power Pedal System for Measuring Power Output and Cadence
Authors: Montalvo-Pérez Almudena , Alejo Lidia B. , Valenzuela Pedro L. , Castellanos Mario , Gil-Cabrera Jaime , Talavera Eduardo , Lucia Alejandro , Barranco-Gil David
Published: March 2021

Cycling power meters enable monitoring external loads and performance changes. We aimed to determine the concurrent validity of the novel Favero Assioma Duo (FAD) pedal power meter compared with the crank-based SRM system (considered as gold standard). Thirty-three well-trained male cyclists were assessed at different power output (PO) levels (100–500 W and all-out 15-s sprints), pedaling cadences (75–100 rpm) and cycling positions (seating and standing) to compare the FAD device vs. SRM. No significant differences were found between devices for cadence nor for PO during all-out efforts (p > 0.05), although significant but small differences were found for efforts at lower PO values (p < 0.05 for 100–500 W, mean bias 3–8 W). A strong agreement was observed between both devices for mean cadence (ICC > 0.87) and PO values (ICC > 0.81) recorded in essentially all conditions and for peak cadence (ICC > 0.98) and peak PO (ICC > 0.99) during all-out efforts. The coefficient of variation for PO values was consistently lower than 3%. In conclusion, the FAD pedal-based power meter can be considered an overall valid system to record PO and cadence during cycling, although it might present a small bias compared with power meters placed on other locations such as SRM.
Long-Term IoT-Based Maternal Monitoring: System Design and Evaluation
Authors: Sarhaddi Fatemeh , Azimi Iman , Labbaf Sina , Niela-Vilén Hannakaisa , Dutt Nikil , Axelin Anna , Liljeberg Pasi , Rahmani Amir
Published: March 2021

Pregnancy is a unique time when many mothers gain awareness of their lifestyle and its impacts on the fetus. High-quality care during pregnancy is needed to identify possible complications early and ensure the mother’s and her unborn baby’s health and well-being. Different studies have thus far proposed maternal health monitoring systems. However, they are designed for a specific health problem or are limited to questionnaires and short-term data collection methods. Moreover, the requirements and challenges have not been evaluated in long-term studies. Maternal health necessitates a comprehensive framework enabling continuous monitoring of pregnant women. In this paper, we present an Internet-of-Things (IoT)-based system to provide ubiquitous maternal health monitoring during pregnancy and postpartum. The system consists of various data collectors to track the mother’s condition, including stress, sleep, and physical activity. We carried out the full system implementation and conducted a real human subject study on pregnant women in Southwestern Finland. We then evaluated the system’s feasibility, energy efficiency, and data reliability. Our results show that the implemented system is feasible in terms of system usage during nine months. We also indicate the smartwatch, used in our study, has acceptable energy efficiency in long-term monitoring and is able to collect reliable photoplethysmography data. Finally, we discuss the integration of the presented system with the current healthcare system.
Packet Flow Based Reinforcement Learning MAC Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks
Authors: Alhassan Ibrahim B. , Mitchell Paul D.
Published: March 2021

Medium access control (MAC) is one of the key requirements in underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs). For a MAC protocol to provide its basic function of efficient sharing of channel access, the highly dynamic underwater environment demands MAC protocols to be adaptive as well. Q-learning is one of the promising techniques employed in intelligent MAC protocol solutions, however, due to the long propagation delay, the performance of this approach is severely limited by reliance on an explicit reward signal to function. In this paper, we propose a restructured and a modified two stage Q-learning process to extract an implicit reward signal for a novel MAC protocol: Packet flow ALOHA with Q-learning (ALOHA-QUPAF). Based on a simulated pipeline monitoring chain network, results show that the protocol outperforms both ALOHA-Q and framed ALOHA by at least 13% and 148% in all simulated scenarios, respectively.
Analysis and Assessment of Sustainable Entrepreneurship Practices in Polish Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Bajdor Paula , Pawełoszek Ilona , Fidlerova Helena
Published: March 2021

Entrepreneurship is one of the driving forces behind the development of the national economy. The effect of entrepreneurship in the economic dimension is a business entity, most often a small or medium enterprise. The SME sector plays a significant role in every national economy. Traditionally, people perceived entrepreneurship as a factor measured by the earned profit. Increasing it was the primary goal of enterprises operating on the market. The operating conditions and competitiveness level have meant that enterprises beside economic goals also pursue social and environmental goals. Entrepreneurship is perceived as a determinant of social and ecological development, thus referred to as sustainable entrepreneurship. This article aims to identify and evaluate attitudes towards sustainable entrepreneurship among Polish enterprises. We compare the obtained results with their self-assessment and distinguish different approaches to business activity. The cluster analysis of survey results shows that the Polish SME sector can be divided into five separate groups characterized by a different approach and level of implementation of sustainable development. We also concluded that the Polish enterprises are more focused on social than environmental aspects.
Drug Discovery Firms and Business Alliances for Sustainable Innovation
Authors: Harada Yoshimi , Wang Huayi , Kodama Kota , Sengoku Shintaro
Published: March 2021

Biotech startup firms developing pharmaceutical seeds from scientific and technological innovation are burdened by significant Research & Development (R&D) expenses, long-term R&D operations, and low probability of R&D success. To address these challenges while sustainably creating innovations and new drugs, business alliances with existing pharmaceutical companies are one of the most important issues on the management agenda. The present study explores the necessity and significance of business alliances with pharmaceutical companies for the development of drug-discovery by Japanese biotech startup firms under high uncertainty. This study investigates the types of alliances to understand the origins of sustainability of these creative activities. First, we investigate and analyze the details of the partnership and its impact on the products under development based on the publicly available information of 16 drug discovery biotech startup firms in Japan that had become public since 2010. As a result, all firms continued their operations with the funds obtained from the business alliances with pharmaceutical firms at the time of their initial public offering (IPO). In addition, 56% of these firms’ alliance projects (n = 73) were seeded-out, and 32% seeded-in, indicating that they had adopted flexible alliance strategies not limited to seed-out ones. For sustainable going concern of the biotech startup business, it is valuable to consider multiple strategic options: “in-licensing and value up”, “best-in-class”, “platform leadership” and “first-in-class” depending on the characteristics of seeds and environmental restrictions.
The Impact of Stable Customer Relationships on Enterprises’ Technological Innovation Based on the Mediating Effect of the Competitive Advantage of Enterprises
Authors: Chen Yan , Xin Yingying , Luo Zhengying , Han Min
Published: March 2021

Technological innovation and stable customer relationships are both important factors for the sustainable development of enterprises. However, it remains unclear whether there is a relationship between stable customer relationships and technological innovation. In this work, we manually collected data regarding customer relationships and the innovation of manufacturing companies listed in the A-Share index in China from 2009 to 2016. Through empirical analysis, this work used a two-way fixed effect model and intermediary effect model tests to explore the impact of stable customer relationships on technological innovation. The empirical research found the following. (1) Stable customer relationships significantly promote the technological innovation of enterprises, and the empirical results are still valid after a variety of robust tests. The competitive advantage of enterprises forms a part of the intermediary role in the relationship above. (2) Comparing the samples of large-scale enterprises, state-owned enterprises, mature enterprises, and low-capital-intensive enterprises, the research found that stable customer relationships can significantly promote corporate technological innovation in small-scale enterprises, non-state-owned enterprises, young enterprises, and highly capital-intensive enterprises. This article enriches and deepens our understanding of the mechanism by which stable customer relationships affect enterprises’ technological innovation. At the same time, this research is helpful for better evaluating the impact of establishing a stable customer relationship on the sustainable competitive advantage of enterprises.
Green Credit Policy and Maturity Mismatch Risk in Polluting and Non-Polluting Companies
Authors: Cao Yaowei , Zhang Youtang , Yang Liu , Li Rita Yi Man , Crabbe M. James C.
Published: March 2021

A major issue is whether the implementation of China’s green credit policy will affect the coordinated development of corporate sustainable operations and environmental protection. This paper used a propensity score matching—difference-in-differences (PSM-DID) model to analyse the impact of China’s green credit policy implemented in 2012 on the maturity mismatch risk between investment and financing in polluting and non-polluting companies. We found that: (1) green credit policies can help reduce the risk of maturity mismatch between investment and financing for polluting companies; (2) the reduction of short-term bank credit is the main way to curb the risk of maturity mismatch risk between investment and financing; (3) the green credit policy has no obvious mitigation effect on the risk of maturity mismatch between investment and financing among polluting companies with environmental protection investment; (4) the mitigation effect of the green credit policy on the maturity mismatch risk is more significant in state-owned polluting companies and polluting companies in areas with a lower level of financial development. The empirical results show that China’s green credit policy helps stimulate the environmental protection behaviour of companies, as well as helping alleviate the capital chain risk caused by the maturity mismatch between investment and financing. In addition, despite the effect of heterogeneity, it can solve the contradiction between environmental protection and economic development.
Sustainability in Heritage Buildings: Can We Improve the Sustainable Development of Existing Buildings under Approved Document L?
Authors: Williamson Andrew , Finnegan Stephen
Published: March 2021

The British government has ambitions to achieve net-zero carbon emissions countrywide by 2050, with their largest challenge being emissions from the construction industry. Approved Document L sets standards for the fabric performance of buildings to regulate their consumption of fuel and power, thereby allowing easier transition to all-renewable grid electricity and the phasing out of fossil fuels. Whilst this approach has shown success in new builds, its effectiveness on retrofits, especially regarding built heritage, is significantly reduced. Responding to this, the paper investigates alternative sustainable design solutions that could feasibly justify revisions to Approved Document L, to improve the sustainable performance of existing buildings and bring them in line the government’s 2050 targets. Trialing solutions on a listed building case study, benchmark figures are used to analyse the energy, carbon, and cost implications of sustainable design approaches relating to passive design, low-carbon technologies, renewable energy, and additional considerations. Using this method, it is reasonable to conclude that the standards of Approved Document L for existing buildings are currently underperforming but can feasibly be revised to encompass the full breadth of contemporary sustainable design solutions.
Does Information Asymmetry Affect Dividend Policy? Analysis Using Market Microstructure Variables
Authors: Kim Seonhyeon , Jung Jin-young , Cho Sung-woo
Published: March 2021

This study analyzes the relationship between information asymmetry and dividend policy in an emerging market, Korea. We adopt several proxies for information asymmetry, such as the Glosten–Harris and Hasbrouk–Foster–Viswanathan models, drawn from market microstructure literature. This study finds a negative relationship between information asymmetry and dividend yields, which appears to be particularly strong when firms have difficulty raising external capital because they have high systematic risk, financial constraints, or low stock liquidity. This result, based on an analysis using market microstructure variables that provide direct measures of information asymmetry, suggests that the pecking order theory holds for the Korean stock market and that information asymmetry is a strong determinant of dividend policy decisions in an emerging market.
Vertically Integrated Supply Chain of Batteries, Electric Vehicles, and Charging Infrastructure: A Review of Three Milestone Projects from Theory of Constraints Perspective
Authors: Naor Michael , Coman Alex , Wiznizer Anat
Published: March 2021

This research utilizes case study methodology based on longitudinal interviews over a decade coupled with secondary data sources to juxtapose Tesla with two high-profile past mega-projects in the electric transportation industry, EV-1 and Better Place. The theory of constraints serves as a lens to identify production and market bottlenecks for the dissemination of electric vehicles. The valuable lessons learned from EV1 failure and Better Place bankruptcy paved the way for Tesla’s operations strategy to build gigafactories which bears a resemblance to Ford T mass production last century. Specifically, EV1 relied on external suppliers to develop batteries, while Better Place was dependent on a single manufacturer to build cars uniquely compatible with its charging infrastructure, whereas Tesla established a closed-loop, green, vertically integrated supply chain consisting of batteries, electric cars and charging infrastructure to meet its customers evolving needs. The analysis unveils several limitations of the Tesla business model which can impede its worldwide expansion, such as utility grid overload and a shortage of raw material, which Tesla strives to address by innovating advanced batteries and further extending its vertically integrated supply chain to the mining industry. The study concludes by sketching fruitful possible avenues for future research.
Azulene Moiety as Electron Reservoir in Positively Charged Systems; A Short Survey
Authors: Razus Alexandru C.
Published: March 2021

The non-alternant aromatic azulene, an isomer of alternant naphthalene, differs from the latter in peculiar properties. The large polarization of the π-electron system over the seven and five rings gives to azulene electrophile property a pronounced tendency to donate electrons to an acceptor, substituted at azulene 1 position. This paper presents cases in which azulene transfers electrons to a suitable acceptor as methylium ions, positive charged heteroaromatics and examples of neutral molecules that can accept electrons. The proposed product synthesis was outlined and the expected electron transfer was highlighted by analyzing the NMR, UV-Vis spectra and the pKR+ values.
Modelling the Woven Structures with Inserted Conductive Yarns Coated with Magnetron Plasma and Testing Their Shielding Effectiveness
Authors: Radulescu Ion Razvan , Surdu Lilioara , Scarlat Razvan , Constantin Catalin , Mitu Bogdana , Morari Cristian , Costea Marian
Published: March 2021

The paper proposes the analytic modelling of flexible textile shields made of fabrics with inserted conductive yarns and metallic plasma coating in order to calculate their electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE). This manufacturing process is highly innovative, since copper plasma coating improves EMSE on the fabrics with inserted conductive yarns of stainless steel and silver with 10–15 dB in the frequency range of 0.1–1000 MHz, as shown by the measured EMSE values determined according to the standard ASTM ES-07 via the Transverse Electromagnetic (TEM) cell. On the other hand, modelling of EMSE for such conductive flexible shields gives an insight on estimating EMSE in the design phase of manufacturing the shield, based on its geometric and electrical parameters. An analytic model was proposed based on the sum of EMSE of the fabric with inserted conductive yarns and EMSE of the copper coating. The measurement results show close values to the proposed analytic model, especially in case of fabric with conductive yarns having stainless steel content.
Pathogenic and Transmission Potential of Wildtype and Chicken Embryo Origin (CEO) Vaccine Revertant Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus
Authors: Perez-Contreras Ana , Barboza-Solis Catalina , Najimudeen Shahnas M. , Checkley Sylvia , Meer Frank van der , Joseph Tomy , King Robin , Ravi Madhu , Peters Delores , Fonseca Kevin , Gagnon Carl A. , Ojkic Davor , Abdul-Careem Mohamed Faizal
Published: March 2021

Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an infectious upper respiratory tract disease that impacts the poultry industry worldwide. ILT is caused by an alphaherpesvirus commonly referred to as infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV). Vaccination with live attenuated vaccines is practiced regularly for the control of ILT. However, extensive and improper use of live attenuated vaccines is related to vaccine viruses reverting to virulence. An increase in mortality and pathogenicity has been attributed to these vaccine revertant viruses. Recent studies characterized Canadian ILTV strains originating from ILT outbreaks as related to live attenuated vaccine virus revertants. However, information is scarce on the pathogenicity and transmission potential of these Canadian isolates. Hence, in this study, the pathogenicity and transmission potential of two wildtype ILTVs and a chicken embryo origin (CEO) vaccine revertant ILTV of Canadian origin were evaluated. To this end, 3-week-old specific pathogen-free chickens were experimentally infected with each of the ILTV isolates and compared to uninfected controls. Additionally, naïve chickens were exposed to the experimentally infected chickens to mimic naturally occurring infection. Pathogenicity of each of these ILTV isolates was evaluated by the severity of clinical signs, weight loss, mortality, and lesions observed at the necropsy. The transmission potential was evaluated by quantification of ILTV genome loads in oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs and tissue samples of the experimentally infected and contact-exposed chickens, as well as in the capacity to produce ILT in contact-exposed chickens. We observed that the CEO vaccine revertant ILTV isolate induced severe disease in comparison to the two wildtype ILTV isolates used in this study. According to ILTV genome load data, CEO vaccine revertant ILTV isolate was successfully transmitted to naïve contact-exposed chickens in comparison to the tested wildtype ILTV isolates. Overall, the Canadian origin CEO vaccine revertant ILTV isolate possesses higher virulence, and dissemination potential, when compared to the wildtype ILTV isolates used in this study. These findings have serious implications in ILT control in chickens.
The Change P82L in the Rift Valley Fever Virus NSs Protein Confers Attenuation in Mice
Authors: Borrego Belén , Moreno Sandra , de la Losa Nuria , Weber Friedemann , Brun Alejandro
Published: March 2021

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne bunyavirus that causes an important disease in ruminants, with great economic losses. The infection can be also transmitted to humans; therefore, it is considered a major threat to both human and animal health. In a previous work, we described a novel RVFV variant selected in cell culture in the presence of the antiviral agent favipiravir that was highly attenuated in vivo. This variant displayed 24 amino acid substitutions in different viral proteins when compared to its parental viral strain, two of them located in the NSs protein that is known to be the major virulence factor of RVFV. By means of a reverse genetics system, in this work we have analyzed the effect that one of these substitutions, P82L, has in viral attenuation in vivo. Rescued viruses carrying this single amino acid change were clearly attenuated in BALB/c mice while their growth in an interferon (IFN)-competent cell line as well as the production of interferon beta (IFN-β) did not seem to be affected. However, the pattern of nuclear NSs accumulation was modified in cells infected with the mutant viruses. These results highlight the key role of the NSs protein in the modulation of viral infectivity.
Next-Generation Influenza HA Immunogens and Adjuvants in Pursuit of a Broadly Protective Vaccine
Authors: Nagashima Kaito A. , Mousa Jarrod J.
Published: March 2021

Influenza virus, a highly mutable respiratory pathogen, causes significant disease nearly every year. Current vaccines are designed to protect against circulating influenza strains of a given season. However, mismatches between vaccine strains and circulating strains, as well as inferior vaccine effectiveness in immunodeficient populations, represent major obstacles. In an effort to expand the breadth of protection elicited by influenza vaccination, one of the major surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA), has been modified to develop immunogens that display conserved regions from multiple viruses or elicit a highly polyclonal antibody response to broaden protection. These approaches, which target either the head or the stalk domain of HA, or both domains, have shown promise in recent preclinical and clinical studies. Furthermore, the role of adjuvants in bolstering the robustness of the humoral response has been studied, and their effects on the vaccine-elicited antibody repertoire are currently being investigated. This review will discuss the progress made in the universal influenza vaccine field with respect to influenza A viruses from the perspectives of both antigen and adjuvant, with a focus on the elicitation of broadly neutralizing antibodies.
Effect of Mean Velocity-to-Critical Velocity Ratios on Bed Topography and Incipient Motion in a Meandering Channel: Experimental Investigation
Authors: Moghaddassi Nargess , Musavi-Jahromi Seyed Habib , Vaghefi Mohammad , Khosrojerdi Amir
Published: March 2021

As 180-degree meanders are observed in abundance in nature, a meandering channel with two consecutive 180-degree bends was designed and constructed to investigate bed topography variations. These two 180-degree mild bends are located between two upstream and downstream straight paths. In this study, different mean velocity-to-critical velocity ratios have been tested at the upstream straight path to determine the meander’s incipient motion. To this end, bed topography variations along the meander and the downstream straight path were addressed for different mean velocity-to-critical velocity ratios. In addition, the upstream bend’s effect on the downstream bend was investigated. Results indicated that the maximum scour depth at the downstream bend increased as a result of changing the mean velocity-to-critical velocity ratio from 0.8 to 0.84, 0.86, 0.89, 0.92, 0.95, and 0.98 by, respectively, 1.5, 2.5, 5, 10, 12, and 26 times. Moreover, increasing the ratio increased the maximum sedimentary height by 3, 10, 23, 48, 49, and 56 times. The upstream bend’s incipient motion was observed for the mean velocity-to-critical velocity ratio of 0.89, while the downstream bend’s incipient motion occurred for the ratio of 0.78.
Effect of a Summer Flood on Benthic Macroinvertebrates in a Medium-Sized, Temperate, Lowland River
Authors: Chattopadhyay Somsubhra , Oglęcki Paweł , Keller Agata , Kardel Ignacy , Mirosław-Świątek Dorota , Piniewski Mikołaj
Published: March 2021

Floods are naturally occurring extreme hydrological events that affect stream habitats and biota at multiple extents. Benthic macroinvertebrates (BM) are widely used to assess ecological status in rivers, but their resistance and resilience to floods in medium-sized, temperate, lowland rivers in Europe have not been sufficiently studied. In this study, we quantified the effect of a moderate (5-year return period) yet long-lasting and unpredictable flood that occurred in summer 2020 on the BM community of the Jeziorka River in central Poland. To better understand the mechanisms by which the studied flood affected the BM community, we also evaluated the dynamics of hydrological, hydraulic, channel morphology, and water quality conditions across the studied 1300 m long reach. Continuous water level monitoring, stream depth surveying, and discharge measurements. As well, in-situ and lab-based water quality measurements were carried out between March and August 2020. BM communities were sampled three times at eight sites along the reach, once before and twice after the flood. High flow velocities during the flood resulted in stream bed instability leading to sand substrate movement that caused streambed aggradation by up to 0.2 m. Dissolved oxygen and ammonium-nitrogen were major drivers of BM community structure. Taxa richness, abundance, and the BMWP-PL index declined significantly, whereas Shannon evenness and Simpson diversity indices showed no significant change in the first post-flood sampling, as indicated by Kruskal–Wallis and Tukey tests. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis showed that community composition was also significantly affected by the flood. Seven weeks after the flood peak (August 2020 sampling), BM communities had fully recovered from the disturbance. The results can serve as a first approximation of the resistance and resilience of BM communities for relevant applications in other medium-sized, low-gradient, temperate rivers.
An Anti-Clustering Model for Stability Enhancement of a 3D Moving Particle Semi-Implicit Method and Two-Phase Coupling between MPS and Euler Grids
Authors: Feng Meiyan , Huang Shenghong , Lian Guofu
Published: March 2021

As a Lagrangian gridless particle method, the MPS (Moving Particle Semi-implicit) method has a wide engineering application. However, for complex 3D flows, unphysical pressure oscillations often occur and result in the failure of simulations. This paper compares the stability enhancement methods proposed by different researchers to develop a 3D, stable MPS method. The results indicate that the proposed methods are incapable of eliminating the particle clustering that leads to instability as the main source in coarser particle spacing cases. An anti-clustering model, referring to the SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) artificial viscosity model, is proposed to further reduce instability. Combining various proposed methods and models, several typical examples are simulated comparatively. The results are compared with those of the VOF (Volume of Fluid) model using commercial software to validate the accuracy and stability of the combination of the proposed methods and models. It is concluded that (1) 3D cases that adopt a high-order Laplacian model and high-order source terms in PPE are more accurate than those adopting the low-order operators; (2) the proposed anti-clustering model can produce a tuned interparticle force to prevent particle clustering and introduce no additional viscosity effects in the flow of the normal state, which plays a very positive role for further stability enhancement of MPS; (3) particle resolution significantly maintains simulation accuracy given the stable algorithms by the combination of stability enhancement methods. The 3D MPS method is coupled with the Euler grid (FLUENT V17 software, ANSYS, Pittsburgh, PA, USA) in two phases. In particular, the 3D MPS algorithm is used to calculate the liquid-phase change from the continuous to the dispersed, and the finite volume method based on the Euler grid is adopted to measure the corresponding gas-phase motion. The atomization of the liquid jet under static air flow is calculated and compared with the results of the VOF method, which can capture the continuous interface.
Tezek Külü İkameli Çimento Harçlarının Mühendislik Özellikleri
Authors: ALTUNCI Yusuf Tahir , ÖCAL Cenk
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmada tezek külü ikameli çimento harçlarının mühendislik özellikleri incelenmiştir. İnekten elde edilen tezek malzemesi 400 0C de kalsine edilerek tezek külü haline getirilmiş ve CEM I 42.5 R tipi çimento yerine ağırlıkça %0, %2, %4, %6, %8 ve %10 oranlarında ikame edilerek karışımlar hazırlanmıştır. Hazırlanan karışımların; priz süreleri, genleşmeleri, yayılma çapları, birim hacim ağırlıkları ile 2 ve 28 günlük eğilme ve basınç dayanımları belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak ikame oranı artışı ile priz sürelerinin uzadığı, yayılma çaplarının, birim hacim ağırlıklarının, eğilme ve basınç dayanımlarının azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca tezek külünün portland çimentosu yerine ağırlıkça %8 oranına kadar ikame edilmesinin yapılan deneyler açısından performansı olumsuz etkilemediği belirlenmiştir.
ANALISIS RISIKO OPERASIONAL BANK BRI KANTOR CABANG CIANJUR PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sobana Dadang Husen , Quraisyn Aisyah Quraisyn , Kusumawadani Ayu , Hermawati Dela Hermawati , Layusa Nadia , Putri Pujiyanti Nurul , Habibah Sri , Agustin Widya Nur
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manajemen risiko yang dilakukan oleh PT. BRI KC Cianjur pada masa pandemi  Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif degan pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara. Tekik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksplanasi atau penjelasan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjkkan bahwa risiko operasional dibagi menjadi dua yaitu risiko ke nasabah dan risiko ke bank, diantaranya adalah pembatasan kantor layanan, beban operasional meningkat, dan juga penurunan laba. Faktor penyebab terjadinnya risiko operasional dibagi menjadi faktor internal dari bank dan faktor eksternal dari nasabah, cara yang dilakukan oleh BRI KC Cianjur untuk menanggulangi risiko operasional yang terjadi adalah dengan fokus pada kedua faktor tersebut, mengoptimalkan pengawasan bagi segenap pegawai (internal) dan juga mengoptimalkan pengawasan bagi nasabah (eksternal). ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the risk management carried out by PT. BRI KC Cianjur during Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses a qualititative method with a case study approach. The data collection technique used in this study was interviewed. The analysis technique used in this research is an explanation or exsplanation. The result of this study indicate that operasional risk in divied into two, namely the risk to the customer and the risk to the bank, including limitation of service offices, increased operating expenses and decreased profit. The factors that couse operasional risk are divided into internal factors from the bank and external factors from customer, the method used by BRI KC Cianjur to overcome operasional risk that occurs is to focus on these 2 factors, optimize controlling for all employees (internal) and also optimize controlling for customers (eksternal)
PENGARUH PEMBIAYAAN IJARAH DAN PEMBIAYAAN QARDH TERHADAP TINGKAT LABA BERSIH DI BANK BRI SYARIAH
Authors: Elyana Eneng , Jalaluddin Jalaluddin , Nuraeni Nuraeni
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKBerdasarkan hasil observasi bahwa yang melatarbelakangi penelitian ini yaitu terjadinya fluktuatif pada laporan keuangan pembiayaan ijarah dan qardh yang akan berdampak terhadap laba bersih Bank BRI Syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh pembiayaan ijarah dan pembiayaan qardh terhadap laba bersih baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Objek penelitian yaitu menggunakan laporan keuangan Bank BRI Syariah. Jenis penelitian yaitu kuantitatif asosiatif dengan jenis data sekunder. Adapun populasi dan sampel yaitu laporan keuangan triwulanan tentang pembiayaan ijarah dan pembiayaan qardh periode 2015-2019. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, studi pustaka, dan dokumentasi. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara pembiayaan ijarah terhadap laba bersih dimana sebesar -0,1482 <  sebesar 2.109, tidak terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara pembiayaan qardh terhadap laba bersih dimana nilai   sebesar -0,991 <  2.109,  serta tidak berpengaruh signifikan pembiayaan ijarah dan qardh secara simultan terhadap laba bersih dimana nilai Fhitung 0,474  <  Ftabel 3,59. ABSTRACTBased on the results of the observation that the background of this research is the fluctuation in the financial statements of ijarah and qardh financing which will have an impact on the net profit of BRI Syariah Bank. This study aims to determine how the effect of ijarah financing and qardh financing on net income either partially or simultaneously. The object of research is to use the financial statements of Bank BRI Syariah. This type of research is associative quantitative with secondary data types. The population and sample are quarterly financial reports on ijarah financing and qardh financing for the 2015-2019 period. Data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, literature study, and documentation. The results showed that there was no significant influence between ijarah financing on net income where tcount was -0.1482 <ttable was 2.109, there was no significant effect between qardh financing on net income where the tcount value was -0.991 <ttable was 2.109, and had no effect. significant ijarah and qardh financing simultaneously on net income where the value of Fcount 0.474 <Ftable 3.59.
DIÁLOGO ENTRE LA CULTURA PATRIARCAL-ANTROPOCÉNTRICA Y CULTURA MATRÍZTICA-BIOCÉNTRICA EN LOS CONTEXTOS ORGANIZATIVOS
Authors: Perlo Claudia Liliana
Published: March 2021

En este trabajo realizamos una revisión dialógica entre la cultura patriarcal antropocéntrica vigente y la cultura matríztica-biocéntrica emergente. El propósito del mismo es brindar herramientas teórico-metodológicas para comprender y facilitar procesos de cambios transformativos en las organizaciones. En dicha revisión presentamos las principales características de la cultura patriarcal-antropocéntrica dominante en nuestra sociedad actual, en tensión con las características de la cultura matríztica-biocéntrica que se encuentra emergiendo en las grietas de la primera. Se trata de un trabajo de revisión teórica, enmarcado en la teoría enraizada (Grounded Theory). Esto significa que dichos desarrollos se han gestado y nutrido en nuestra tarea de campo en el contexto organizativo, donde hemos puesto en juego las perspectivas que aquí desarrollamos. El escrito concluye con la apuesta y propuesta de dar un urgente y decisivo viraje de la cultura humana que posibilite la co-evolución de esta especie y su entorno.
LOS SUPUESTOS BÁSICOS SUBYACENTES DE LOS DOCENTES DE CIENCIAS VETERINARIAS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE ROSARIO
Authors: García Rodolfo Darío , Muñoz Griselda
Published: March 2021

La labor de los docentes universitarios se desarrolla de múltiples maneras. Ellos eligen sus estrategias didácticas a partir de lo que Alvin Gouldner llamó Supuestos Básicos Subyacentes (SBS). Este estudiotuvo el objetivo de reconocer y comprender algunos posibles SBS de los docentes de la carrera de Medicina Veterinaria de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR). Se trata de una indagación de tipo empírica, cualitativa y transversal realizada durante el año 2017. Los SBS seleccionados fueron las concepciones acerca de la realidad, la ciencia, el conocimiento y el aprendizaje. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a los profesores a cargo de las cátedras del ciclo básico. Para el procesamiento de los datos y la construcción de las categorías de análisis, se utilizó el programa Atlas Ti 8.4®. Los principales hallazgos demuestran la existencia de SBS mayormente ligados a una concepción positivista/conductista que a una concepción constructivista.
URGENCIAS GLOBALES, NECESIDADES LOCALES PARA INTERNACIONALIZAR LA UNIVERSIDAD PÚBLICA ARGENTINA. VACANCIAS EN MONITOREO Y MEDICIÓN DEL IMPACTO TERRITORIAL
Authors: Saavedra Olga M.
Published: March 2021

El presente trabajo analiza críticamente la tensión existente entre la política pública argentina entre 2003 y 2015 en materia de internacionalización de la educación superior frente a las tendencias globales impuestas, y el aprovechamiento que las universidades públicas hacen en uso de su autonomía. En este marco se propone un indicador de internacionalización en función de la necesidad doméstica de fortalecer el sistema universitario nacional y se analiza en estos términos el impacto de los Programas Fortalecimiento de Redes Interuniversitarias y Misiones Universitarias al Exterior.Los resultados de este artículo, se enmarcan en un trabajo de investigación mayor realizado para la obtención del doctorado de la autora, por lo que es coherente con el mensaje de la tesis: “la relación entre desarrollo territorial, universidad e internacionalización de la educación superior por su complejidad, no es lineal, ni establece un orden taxonómico entre sus términos. Tampoco es una sola, pues depende desde dónde se piensa en términos de espacio, territorio e historias; se reflexiona desde una perspectiva situada, asumiendo la posibilidad política de intervención, cambio y superación; de emancipación de aquella situación original en desventaja”.
SUJETO PEDAGÓGICO, PODER Y DERECHO A LA EDUCACIÓN DESDE UNA PERSPECTIVA DECOLONIAL
Authors: Fernández Mónica
Published: March 2021

En este sintético artículo queremos ocuparnos de un triple entramado: el sujeto, el poder y el derecho a la educación. Nos interesa dialogar brevemente sobre sujeto y poder, como íconos para pensar el derecho a la educación. Decimos que será un diálogo breve, porque comprendemos la complejidad, amplitud y polisemia que caracterizan a los dos términos principales: sujeto y poder. Pretendemos situarnos en aquellas miradas o perspectivas latinoamericanas, decoloniales y poscoloniales, que reflexionan desde la categoría de exterioridad. Nuestra tesis es la siguiente: el derecho a la educación visto desde una perspectiva decolonial, implica hablar desde una exterioridad que piensa un sujeto pedagógico situado y móvil al mismo tiempo. Trabajaremos principalmente con Dri y Dussel, aunque también incluiremos otros/as autores/as.
DECIDIR EL LENGUAJE ESTRATEGIAS DE SUBJETIVACIÓN Y SUPERVIVENCIA COLECTIVA A TRAVÉS DE EXPERIENCIAS DE ARTE Y CULTURA EN CONTEXTOS DE ENCIERRO
Authors: Bustelo Cynthia
Published: March 2021

Este trabajo presenta, describe y analiza la experiencia de formación y producción cultural  llevada a cabo desde el Programa de Extensión en Cárceles (PEC), dependiente de la Secretaría de Extensión Universitaria y Bienestar Estudiantil (SEUBE) de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras (FFyL) de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA). Las estrategias y acciones llevadas adelante por el programa, están orientadas a construir herramientas y oportunidades para la inclusión social de las personas privadas de libertad y liberadas, y promover la defensa de los derechos humanos. Propongo poner a disposición las líneas de acción y reflexión que llevamos  a cabo, recuperar los procesos de elaboración y puesta en marcha de las propuestas,  para cruzar su devenir con algunas categorías construidas en mi tesis doctoral y otras elaboraciones conceptuales, políticas y epistemológicas que sustentan la tarea que llevamos a cabo. La reconstrucción de esta experiencia resulta un ejercicio formativo y tiene un valor en sí mismo, ya que permite dejar sistematizado algo de ese saber con el fin de dejar huella, para que otros equipos puedan conocer y, por qué no, retomar la experiencia que presentamos. Paralelamente, pondré a disposición cómo estas propuestas de apertura a la comunidad, permiten transformar no sólo la institución penitenciaria, sino la propia institución universitaria.
ЗБАЛАНСОВАНІСТЬ РОЗВИТКУ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ: ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПРИРОДНИМИ РЕСУРСАМИ
Authors: Г. М. ШЕВЧЕНКО
Published: March 2021

У статті розглядаються аспекти сталого та збалансованого розвитку національної економіки. Узагальнено деякі теоретичні положення, релевантні проблеми природних ресурсів. Представлені підходи до управління природними ресурсами за принципом збалансованості, з урахуванням різноспрямованості чинників, які впливають на прийняття та реалізацію рішень на макрорівні. Розкрито зміст співвідношення понять збалансованості, сталості та зрівноваженості, в концептуальних рамках реалізації Цілей сталого розвитку.
ФАКТОРНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ЗБАЛАНСОВАНОГО РОЗВИТКУ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: О. В. БЄЛЯКОВА
Published: March 2021

В роботі досліджено окремі фактори та їх групи щодо їх впливу на ефективність довгострокового збалансованого розвитку національної економічної системи України. Запропоновано індексний метод оцінки ефективності впливу факторів розвитку на стан різномасштабних економічних систем, надано сучасну інтерпретацію ефективності управління збалансованим розвитком, встановлено фактори, що впливають на зміну не лише кількісних, але й якісних показників економіко-господарської діяльності сучасних різнорівневих економічних систем.
Tratamiento biológico de aguas residuales en reactor anaerobio de flujo ascendente de empresa productora de grenetina
Authors: Balderas-Salas Perla Sofia , Cordoba-Castro Andrea Leticia , Murillo-Hernández Martha Betzabé , Páramo-Vargas Javier
Published: March 2021

The anaerobic reactors of a flavorless jelly producing company; had a low efficiency in the treatment of their wastewater, with approximately 12% of COD removal. For this reason, it´s operation was evaluated, in a pilot scale reactor, using as inoculum, sludge from the wastewater treatment of a similar facility, with an average Specific Methanogenic Activity of 0.115 g COD/gSSV.d. We worked with an initial concentration of 35 kgSSV/m3 of the inoculum, an average organic load of 2.6843 kgCOD/m3d and wastewater with COD of 6797 mg/L and total nitrogen of 1213 mg/L. The feed flow was 0.264 L/h, in order to obtain an hydraulic retention time of 27.14 h, equal to the value of the reactor of the company. An average COD removal of 65.24% was achieved. The results showed sulphide concentrations of 461.4 mg/L and ammonium nitrogen of 1054.4 mg/L; that were not inhibitory.