bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model Pelibatan Keluarga dalam Penerapan Pendidikan Sosial dan Finansial di PAUD
Authors: Zahro Ifat Fatimah , Tresna Santana Fifiet Dwi
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penulisan ini adalah mengetahui gambaran model pelibatan keluarga dalam pendidikan sosial dan finansial anak usia dini, dari beberapa literatur. Berikut contoh kegiatan dari pencapaian program Aflatot. Fokus masalah dalam penelitian ini yakni: 1). Kurangnya pengetahuan tentang pentingnya pendidikan sosial dan finansial di beberapa PAUD, sehingga menjadikan anak manja finansial karena semua kebutuhan hidup selalu dicukupi orang tuanya; 2). Keterbatasan satuan PAUD dalam pelibatan keluarga terutama penerapan pendidikan sosial dan finansial, sedangkan melek finansial pada anak usia dini diperlukan keselarasan dan menjadi tanggung jawab orang tua dan lembaga PAUD. Metode yang digunakan dalam mencapai tujuan tersebut adalah melalui metode studi kepustakaan (telaah buku dan dokumen) yang berkenaan dengan kebijakan, konsep dan teori, model serta informasi dari hasil pengumpulan data yang berhubungan dengan pelaksanaan pelibatan keluarga dalam program Aflatot.  Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah model pelibatan keluarga dalam program Aflatot dan implementasi gemar menabung dan berhemat termasuk kepada bentuk pelibatan keluarga di satuan PAUD yaitu berperan dalam kegiatan penguatan pendidikan karakter anak di satuan pendidikan, berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan lain untuk pengembangan diri anak, menumbuhkan nilai-nilai karakter anak di lingkungan keluarga, dan memfasilitasi kebutuhan belajar anak.

 
Pengaruh Dukungan dan Penerimaan Orangtua Terhadap Efikasi Diri pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Hasanah Nur
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) pengaruh dukungan orangtua terhadap efikasi diri anak usia dini; (2) pengaruh penerimaan orangtua terhadap efikasi diri anak usia dini; dan (3) pengaruh dukungan dan penerimaan orangtua terhadap efikasi diri pada anak usia dini. Jenis penelitian ini adalah expost facto. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 162 anak Taman Kanak-kanak se Kecamatan Kebonarum, Kabupaten Klaten, Jawa Tengah. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 129 anak, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel stratified random sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier ganda dengan bantuan SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) dukungan orangtua berpengaruh terhadap efikasi diri anak usia dini dengan signifikansi 0,000 (p<0,05); (2) penerimaan orangtua berpengaruh terhadap efikasi diri anak usia dini dengan signifikansi 0,033 (p<0,05); (3) dukungan dan penerimaan orangtua berpengaruh terhadap efikasi diri dengan signifikansi 0,000 (p<0,05) Dukungan dan penerimaan orangtua memberikan sumbangan efektif sebesar 20,5% terhadap efikasi diri.
Pembelajaran Inquiri-Discoveri dalam Meningkatkan Kreativitas Anak di Sentra Balok Tk Amal Insani
Authors: Muhammadkan Bastian Abda Billah Faza
Published: July 2020

Abstract: One of the existing successful learning by applying the learning model that corresponds to the characteristics of learners. This study discusses the learning characteristics of children with a model of the inquiry- discoveri based learning. The purpose of this research reveal that the inquiry- discoveri based model can enhance children's creativity. This study is a qualitative study based on field research to be based on a literature review. The study was conducted in kindergarten Amal Insani to retrieve data through observation, documentation and interview with the school principal educator. The results showed that: First, the inquiry- discoveri based learning highly relevant to the child's learning characteristics. Second, creativity is born of freedom in the child explore and to experiment. Third, discoveri inquiri-learning implementation in kindergarten Amal Insani beam centers can increase a child's creativity. This study contains the arguments of the inquiry- discoveri based learning not only improve mathematical and logical intelligence. However, this study also enhance the mental abilities of children.

Abstrak: Salah satu keberhasilan pembelajaran ada dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan karakteristik peserta didik. Penelitian ini membahas tentang karakteristik belajar anak dengan sebuah model pembelajaran berbasis inquiri-discoveri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa model berbasis inquiri-discoveri dapat meningkatkan kreativitas anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif berbasis field research dengan didasarkan pada kajian literatur. Penelitian dilakukan di TK Amal Insani dengan mengambil data melalui teknik observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara kepada pendidik kepala sekolah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : Pertama, pembelajaran berbasis inquiri-discoveri sangat relevan dengan karakteristik belajar anak. Kedua, kreativitas lahir dari kebebasan anak dalam bereksplorasi dan bereksprimen. Ketiga, implementasi pembelajaran inquiri-discoveri di sentra balok TK Amal Insani dapat meningkatkan kreativitas anak. Penelitian ini berisi argumen-argumen pembelajaran berbasis inquiri-discoveri bukan hanya meningkatkan kecerdasan matematis dan logis. Namun, pembelajaran ini juga meningkatkan kemampuan mental anak.

 
Manajemen Program Pembiasaan bagi Anak di PAUD Banyu Belik Purwokerto
Authors: Wiyani Novan Ardy
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang ditujukan untuk mendeskripsikan proses manajemen program pembiasaan sebagai upaya untuk membentuk karakter anak usia dini di PAUD Banyu Belik Purwokerto. Data pada penelitian ini dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik analisis data secara induktif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa ada empat langkah yang dilakukan dalam manajemen program pembiasaan bagi anak usia dini di PAUD Banyu Belik. Pertama, merencanaan program pembiasaan. Kedua, mengorganisasikan program pembiasaan. Ketiga, melaksanakan program pembiasaan. Keempat, mendiagnosa masalah dalam pelaksanaan program pembiasaan untuk membentuk karakter anak usia dini. Pada dasarnya manajemen program pembiasaan ditujukan untuk membentuk karakter mandiri pada anak usia dini. Dengan karakter mandiri tersebut anak akan memiliki kemampuan untuk menyelesaikana tugas-tugas perkembangannya.
Membentuk Karakter Religius Anak Usia Dini Melalui Guru Laki-laki (Studi Kasus di Kelas Sifir Madrasah Qudsiyyah Kudus)
Authors: Ihsan Ihsan
Published: July 2020

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Karakter religius santri sifir madrasah Qudsiyyah kudus, yang merupakan bagian dari pendidikan anak usia dini, dengan mengangkat beberapa permasalahan diantaranya bagaimana model kurikulum yang diterapkan di lembaga ini serta implementasi pembelajarannya, strategi yang dilakukan oleh guru laki laki dalam membentuk karakter dalam diri santri sifir, kemudian bagaimana karakter religius yang merupakan perilaku khas para santri sifir. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi dengan metode penelitian kualitatif, data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis dan disimpulkan. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa model kurikulum yang diterapkan merupakan hasil kombinasi antara kurikulum RA kemenag dan kurukulum lokal madrasah yang. menonjolkan nilai-nilai keislaman, strategi yang dilakukan adalah dengan keteladanan, suasana religious, internalisasi nilai religi dan pembiasaan, karakter religious yang muncul diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga bagian yaitu dari segi akidah, syariah, dan akhlaq.
Efisiensi Kinerja Lembaga Amil Zakat Dalam Mengelola Dana Dengan Metode DEA (Studi Pada Yayasan Dana Sosial al-Falah Surabaya)
Authors: Rusmini Rusmini , Aji Tony Seno
Published: July 2020

Efficiency is a parameter to measure the performance of companies and organizations. As an institution in charge of managing the funds of the people, this institution need for special attention, it use to see the professionalism of these institutions manage ZIS fund. This study aims to determine the efficiency of the management of zakat, donation and sadaqah (ZIS) at amil zakat Yayasan Dana Sosial Al - Falah (YDSF) Surabaya by using descriptive quantitative approach. The technique of collecting data in the form of documentation and interviews, using secondary data in the form of financial statements institute period 2015 - 2017. The data analysis technique uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) with the production approach, the orientation of the input and output. Input variables include total assets and operating costs, while the output variable includes the amount of ZIS funds collected and distributed, using the assumption of a variable return to scale (VRS). The results showed that the production approach Yayasan Dana Sosial Al - Falah (YDSF) had maximum efficiency with a value of 100 percent or 1, in the period 2015, 2016 and 2017. Based on these results mean Yayasan Dana Sosial Al - Falah (YDSF) has reached optimal performance in managing ZIS, it proved by using input and output which is in accordance with the actual value and the target at the measurement Data envelopment analysis (DEA).
Pengembangan Program Studi Manajemen Zakat dan Wakaf Fakultas Syariah IAIN Surakarta Berbasis Kebutuhan Masyarakat
Authors: Hayatuddin Ah. Kholis
Published: July 2020

The Importance of Existence from Mazawa Study Program must also be balanced with the development of study programs that meet the needs of the community, namely to produce the energy needed by the community. Therefore the development of Mazawa's products that are attractive to people's needs is very important, with the hope that quality can compete at regional, national and even international levels. The development of advanced communities with complex problems is a challenge for the development of Zakat Management and Waqf needed to predict future community needs.
A PRÁTICA COMO COMPONENTE CURRICULAR E OS CONTEÚDOS DA FONÉTICA E FONOLOGIA: UMA DISCUSSÃO A PARTIR DA COMPLEXIDADE
Authors: Haupt Carine
Published: July 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal discutir a integração de conhecimentos científicos com a prática como componente curricular a partir da disciplina de Fonética e Fonologia e, por extensão, de outras disciplinas do núcleo duro. A discussão pauta-se na perspectiva da complexidade, compreendendo língua, sala de aula e formação docente como sistemas dinâmicos complexos, ou seja, heterogêneos, não lineares e auto organizáveis na medida em que se coadaptam com outros sistemas. Demonstra-se, primeiramente, a importância da Fonética e Fonologia na formação do professor de Língua Materna, não só para a compreensão da estrutura e funcionamento da língua, mas também para a prática em sala de aula, vinculada a habilidades e conteúdos, como ortografia, expressividade nos gêneros orais e escritos e preconceito linguístico. Situada a Fonética e Fonologia dentro desse imbricado complexo que é a língua e a formação docente e, a partir da leitura de documentos oficiais que pautam sobre a prática como componente curricular, parte-se para a apresentação de uma proposta de projeto dentro dessa perspectiva prática. Constata-se a pertinência de integrar prática aos saberes específicos, uma vez que se extrapola a reprodução fragmentada do conhecimento, promovendo o entendimento da complexidade da realidade.
DESENVOLVIMENTO PROFISSIONAL NA FORMAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR DE LÍNGUAS: IsF COMO ESPAÇO DE RESIDÊNCIA PEDAGÓGICA
Authors: Brito Cristiane Carvalho de Paula , Córdula Maíra Sueco Maegava
Published: July 2020

Este artigo visa a refletir sobre a relevância do Programa Idiomas sem Fronteiras (IsF) como espaço de residência pedagógica para o professor de línguas. Para isso, discutimos, com base em uma perspectiva metodológica de cunho descritivo-interpretativista, algumas atividades desenvolvidas em um Núcleo de Línguas (NucLi-IsF) de uma universidade mineira, durante nosso tempo de atuação como coordenadoras pedagógicas. Entendemos que a formação do professor se constitui como processo situado, que responde a demandas do seu entorno social, histórico e cultural, ao mesmo tempo em que ressignifica vozes de um saber global. Nesse sentido, partimos de nosso trabalho no NucLi local, a fim de buscar, nas singularidades das experiências aqui discutidas, subsídios para a compreensão do complexo processo de formação docente. Nossas análises, pautadas na investigação de três eixos (discussões teóricas; planejamento de aulas e desenvolvimento de material didático; e foco em aspectos linguístico-discursivos), apontam que o licenciando, ao ser posicionado no lugar de professor, é convocado a ter uma atitude responsiva e responsável em relação à docência, o que contribui para o seu desenvolvimento profissional.
UMA ANÁLISE DO ESTATUTO COMUNICATIVO DAS ORAÇÕES INTRODUZIDAS POR AUNQUE À LUZ DA GRAMÁTICA DISCURSIVO-FUNCIONAL
Authors: Garcia Talita Storti
Published: July 2020

Este estudo analisa, com base na teoria da Gramática Discursivo-Funcional, o estatuto comunicativo de contextos oracionais introduzidos por aunque no espanhol falado. De acordo com a literatura da língua espanhola, aunque pode expressar concessão ou adversidade. A Gramática Discursivo-Funcional reconhece a proximidade entre esses dois tipos semânticos, concebida no modelo como função retórica Concessão. De acordo com a teoria, a concessão pode ocorrer como função semântica ou retórica. Nesse último caso, em espanhol, os juntores que assinalam essa relação no processo de codificação morfossintática podem ser aunque ou pero. Os resultados mostram que a diferença de uso entre aunque e pero se dá em função do estatuto do Ato Discursivo envolvido na representação subjacente.
A ATRIBUIÇÃO/REIVINDICAÇÃO DO PAPEL SOCIAL NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA DEFESA DO PONTO DE VISTA
Authors: Pacheco Roberta Fernandes
Published: July 2020

Baseado nos estudos interacionais sobre papel (WEIZMAN, 2006, 2008; SARANGI, 2010, 2011; PACHECO, 2018a, 2018b), este trabalho objetiva analisar como a atribuição e a reivindicação do papel social são negociadas pelos interagentes na construção da defesa de seus pontos de vista na interação. O corpus é composto por quatro edições do programa Roda Viva. A partir de uma abordagem qualitativa e interpretativa, os resultados evidenciam que, ao legitimar ou refutar os papéis sociais atribuídos, assim como reivindicá-los, os participantes negociam seus pontos de vista na disputa pelos melhores argumentos de convencimento da opinião pública.
Quality of life and the prevalence of urinary incontinence after surgical treatment for gynecologic cancer: A questionnaire survey
Authors: Nakayama Noriko , Tsuji Tetsuya , Aoyama Makoto , Fujino Takafumi , Liu Meigen
Published: July 2020

Background Although there have been a number of reports on urinary voiding symptoms associated with surgical interventions for gynecologic cancer and post-voiding symptoms, there have been few reports on urinary storage symptoms such as urinary incontinence (UI) and overactive bladder (OAB). The purpose of this study was to examine the rates and impact on quality of life (QOL) of urinary storage symptoms after gynecologic cancer surgery.Methods A questionnaire survey, including Japanese-language versions of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7 (IIQ-7), was distributed to gynecologic cancer patients who underwent hysterectomy between 2008 and 2013.Results Of the 145 patients analyzed, 49 (33.8%) had UI pre-surgery, and 76 (52.4%) had UI post-surgery, including 34 (35.4%) first-time UI patients, with a significant difference between pre- and post-surgery. Of the 49 subjects with UI pre-surgery, 43 (87.7%) had stress incontinence, while of the 76 patients with UI post-surgery, 44 (57.1%) had stress incontinence, and 24 (31.2%) had mixed incontinence. Seven (4.8%) subjects had OAB pre-surgery, whereas 19 (13.1%) had OAB symptoms post-surgery (including 15 first-time OAB patients), with a significant difference between pre- and post-surgery. IIQ-7 scores were markedly higher for patients with mixed incontinence post-surgery than for those with stress incontinence, indicating a lower QOL. Logistic regression analysis identified the number of Cesarean sections and days of urinary bladder catheterization as risk factors for postoperative UI.Conclusions UI and OAB rates were higher after gynecologic cancer surgery than in the general female population. The mixed incontinence rate was markedly higher post-surgery; QOL was low for such patients due to the combination of urge and stress incontinence. Multiple Cesarean sections and urinary bladder catheterization post-surgery were risk factors for post-surgical UI.
Detection of genes mutations in cerebrospinal fluid circulating tumor DNA from neoplastic meningitis patients using next generation sequencing
Authors: Zhao Yue , He JunYing , Cui JunZhao , Meng Zi-Qi , Zou YueLi , Guo XiaoSu , Chen Xin , Wang Xueliang , Yan Li-Tian , Han WeiXin , Li Chunyan , Guo Li , Bu Hui
Published: July 2020

Background: This study profiled the somatic genes mutations and the copy number variations (CNVs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from patients with neoplastic meningitis (NM). Methods: A total of 62 CSF ctDNA samples were collected from 58 NM patients for the next generation sequencing. The data were bioinformatically analyzed by (Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery) DAVID software. Results: The most common mutated gene was TP53 (54/62; 87.10%), followed by EGFR (44/62; 70.97%), PTEN (39/62; 62.90%), CDKN2A (32/62; 51.61%), APC (27/62: 43.55%), TET2 (27/62; 43.55%), GNAQ (18/62; 29.03%), NOTCH1 (17/62; 27.42%), VHL (17/62; 27.42%), FLT3 (16/62; 25.81%), PTCH1 (15/62; 24.19%), BRCA2 (13/62; 20.97%), KDR (10/62; 16.13%), KIT (9/62; 14.52%), MLH1 (9/62; 14.52%), ATM (8/62; 12.90%), CBL (8/62; 12.90%), and DNMT3A (7/62; 11.29%). The mutated genes were enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway by the KEGG pathway analysis. Furthermore, the CNVs of these genes were also identified in these 62 samples. The mutated genes in CSF samples receiving intrathecal chemotherapy and systemic therapy were enriched in the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Conclusions: This study identified genes mutations in all CSF ctDNA samples, indicating that these mutated genes may be acted as a kind of biomarker for diagnosis of NM, and these mutated genes may affect meningeal metastasis through PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
Role of Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Lymph Node Status in Axillary Lymph Node Metastases in Breast Cancer undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhou Yizhen , Zhang Lei , Jin Zining , Yu Hailan , Ren Siyu , Wang Danyu , Liang Chunyan , Wu Guogang , Chen Bo
Published: July 2020

Background:Axillary ultrasound (AUS) is one of the important bases for evaluating the axillary status of breast cancer patients. And it would be helpful for the reassessment of axillary lymph node status in these patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC) and guide the selection of their axillary surgical options.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ultrasound,and to find out the factors related to the outcome of ultrasound.Methods:In this retrospective analysis, 172 patients (one bilateral breast cancer) with breast cancer and clinical positive axillary nodes, were enrolled. After NAC, all patients received mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). AUS was used before and after NAC to assess the axilla status. Results:Of the 173 axillae, 137 (79.19%) had pathological metastasis after NAC. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of axillary ultrasound in this cohort were 68.21%, 69.34%, 63.89%, 87.96% and 35.38% respectively. Univariate analysis showed that primary axillary lymph node(ALN) short axis, progesterone receptors, hormone receptors, the tumor status after NAC, tumor reduction rate, ALN short axis after NAC, physical examination of axilla after NAC and pN impacted the results of AUS(P = 0.000 ~ 0.040). Multivariate analysis of the above indicators showed that ALN short axis after NAC and pN associated with AUS results independently. Conclusion:AUS can accurately assess axilla status after NAC in most breast cancer patients. If the short axis of ALN≥10mm and AUS negative, SLNB could be chosen. However, AUS cannot detect residual lymph node disease after NAC in a short axis of the ALN <10mm.
Simulation via Instant Messaging-Birmingham Advance (SIMBA) model helped improve clinicians’ confidence to manage cases in diabetes and endocrinology
Authors: Melson Eka , Davitadze Meri , Aftab Manal , Ng Cai Ying , Ooi Emma , Blaggan Parisha , Chen Wentin , Hanania Thia , Thomas Lucretia , Zhou Dengyi , Chandan Joht Singh , Senthil Latha , Arlt Wiebke , Sankar Sailesh , Ayuk John , Karamat Muhammad Ali , Kempegowda Punith
Published: July 2020

Background: Simulation-based learning (SBL) has been increasingly used in both undergraduate and postgraduate medical training curricula. The aim of Simulation via Instant Messaging-Birmingham Advance (SIMBA) is to create a simple virtual learning environment to improve trainees’ self-reported confidence in diabetes and Endocrinology. Methods: This study was done as part of the continuous professional development for Health Education England West Midlands speciality trainees in diabetes and Endocrinology. Standardized transcripts of anonymized real-life endocrinology (endocrine session) and diabetes cases (diabetes session) were used in the simulation model. Trainees interacted with moderators through WhatsApp® in this model. All cases were then discussed in detail by a consultant endocrinologist with reference to local, national and international guidelines. Trainee acceptance rate and improvement in their self-reported confidence levels post-simulation were assessed.Results: 70.8% (n=17/24) and 75% (n=18/24) strongly agreed the simulation session accommodated their personal learning style and the session was engaging. 66.7% (n=16/24) strongly felt that the simulation was worth their time. In the endocrine session, there was a significant improvement in trainees’ confidence in the management of craniopharyngioma (p=0.0179) and acromegaly (p=0.0025). There was a trend towards improved confidence levels to manage Cushing’s disease and macroprolactinoma. In diabetes session, there was a significant improvement in trainees’ confidence to interpret continuous glucose monitor readings (p = 0.01). There was a trend towards improvement for managing monogenic diabetes, hypoglycaemic unawareness and interpreting Libre readings. Overall, there was a significant improvement in trainees’ confidence in managing cases that were discussed post-simulation. Conclusion: SIMBA is an effective learning model to improve trainees’ confidence to manage various diabetes and endocrine case scenarios. More sessions with a variety of other speciality case scenarios are needed to further assess SIMBA’s effectiveness and application in other areas of medical training.
A study of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of primary care physicians toward anticoagulant therapy in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation in Shanghai, China
Authors: Ye Shasha , Wang Tianhao , Liu Arthur , Yu Ying , Pan Zhigang , Gu Jie
Published: July 2020

Background:As a large number of Community Health Service (CHS) centers in China face the majority of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), primary care physicians (PCPs) play a primary role in the prevention of embolization. Therefore, an awareness of anticoagulant management in patients with NVAF must be brought into focus among PCPs in China. This study investigated PCPs’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward anticoagulant therapy in patients with NVAF, to help them understand their shortcomings regarding oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy in preventing embolization.Method:This was a cross-sectional observational study of 462 PCPs in CHS centers across Shanghai. We used a self-administered questionnaire to collect data from September to December 2017. A stratified random cluster sampling was adopted in the 90 CHS centers with the family medicine residency program.Result:Among 462 participants, 69.3% (320/462) of females received a medical bachelor’s degree and over 50% of participants had more than 10 years of work experience. Each section for knowledge, attitude, and practice were categorized as poor (≤39.0%), fair (40.0%–69.0%), and good (≥70.0%). The level of knowledge of OAC therapy for patients with NVAF among PCPs was insufficient in over half (75.8%) of the participants. The majority (89.8%) of PCPs had a positive attitude and 68.0% had modest performance in the anticoagulant management of patients with NVAF.Conclusions: The knowledge and behaviors of PCPs were insufficient for OAC therapy to prevent embolization in patients with NVAF. The study also revealed that there is good potential for PCPs’ educational interventions to positively impact the care of patients with NVAF.
Depression Does Not Predict Clinical Outcome of Chinese Peritoneal Dialysis Patients After Adjusting for the Degree of Frailty
Authors: CHAN Gordon Chun-Kau , NG Jack Kit-Chung , CHOW Kai-Ming , Kwan Bonnie CH , KWONG Vickie Wai-Ki , PANG Wing-Fai , CHENG Phyllis Mei-Shan , LAW Man-Ching , LEUNG Chi-Bon , LI Philip Kam-Tao , Szeto Cheuk Chun
Published: July 2020

Background Depression and frailty contribute to the adverse clinical outcome of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. However, the interaction between depression and frailty in PD patients remains uncertain. We determined the prevalence of depression and frailty in prevalent Chinese PD patients, dissected the internal relationship between depression and frailty, and determined their relative contribution to the adverse clinical outcome in PD patients. Methods In a prospective observational study, we recruited 267 prevalent PD patients. Depression was identified by Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Frailty was identified by a validated Frailty Score. All cases were followed for one year. Outcome measures included number and duration of hospitalization, peritonitis rate, and all-cause mortality. Results Of the 267 patients, 197 patients (73.8%) were depressed, and 157 (58.8%) were frail. There was a substantial overlap between depression and frailty. Although depression and frailty were associated the number and duration of hospitalization by univariate analysis, the association became insignificant after adjusting for confounding factors by multivariate analysis. Both depression and frailty were associated with one-year mortality by univariate analysis. One-year patient survival was 95.9%, 86.5%, 82.4% and 71.0% for patients with nil, mild, moderate and severe frailty, respectively (p = 0.001). Frailty was an independent predictor of patient survival by multivariate analysis (adjusted hazard ratio 1.424, 95% confidence interval 1.011-2.005. p = 0.043), while the prognostic effect of depression disappears after adjusting for frailty score. Conclusion Depression and frailty were common among Chinese PD patients. Frailty, but not depression, was an independent predictor of one-year mortality.
Biomechanical and morphological changes of rabbit corneas under collagenase type II and negative pressure: three months follow-up observation
Authors: Chen Xinyan , Qin Xiao , Yu Mengyao , Zhang Haixia , Li Lin
Published: July 2020

Background

To investigate biomechanical and morphological changes of rabbit cornea ectasia induced by collagenase type II and negative pressure during 3 months after treatment.

Method

Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly and evenly arranged into three groups. The left corneas were continuously treated by negative pressure suction (NP group) with 500 mmHg for 30 min once two days, three times in total. The central area of left corneas were soaked in the collagenase type II (CII group) solution (200 μL of 3 mg/ml) for 30 min. The left corneas (CP group) were disposed as CII group firstly, then applied negative pressure suction as NP group for once after 5 days. All right corneas were treated as control eyes. Corneal morphology parameters and Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) output parameters were collected in vivo once a week for three weeks after treatment and before execution. Histology and biomechanics were tested in vitro at the third month after treatment. Paired t-test and repeated measures analysis were used to determine if there were differences in biomechanical and morphological related parameters across time.

Results

In NP group, corneal thickness and diopter changed to some extent after treatment immediately, and the elastic modulus increased and relaxation degree slowed after 3 months. In CII group, corneal diopter increased, corneal central thickness (CCT) and corneal hysteresis (CH) decreased at the second week after treatment, which showed the characters of ectatic corneas. Then the degree of ectasia decreased with time. No regular changes was found on experimental corneas in CP group.

Conclusions

Collagenase type II results in ectatic corneas around two weeks after treatment, but the degree of ectasia decreased with time, and there was no significant difference compared with the controls after 3 months. After negative pressure suction, corneal morphology changed in a short period, and elastic modulus increased and relaxation time increased after a three months recovery, indicating that the negative pressure suction do have a certain effect on corneas.
Infection of highly insecticide-resistant malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii with entomopathogenic bacteria Chromobacterium violaceum reduces its survival, blood feeding propensity and fecundity
Authors: Gnambani Edounou Jacques , Bilgo Etienne , Sanou Adama , Dabire Roch K. , Diabate Abdoulaye
Published: July 2020

Background: This is now a concern that malaria eradication will not be achieved without the introduction of novel control tools. Microbiological control might be able to make a greater contribution to vector control in the future. The interactions between bacteria and mosquito make mosquito microbiota really promising from a disease control perspective. Here, we studied the impact of Chromobacterium violaceum infections isolated from both larvae and adult of wild caught Anopheles gambiae s.l. mosquitoes in Burkina Faso on mosquito survival, blood feeding and fecundity propensy. Methods: To assess entomopathogenic effects of C. violaceum infection on mosquitoes, three different types of bioassays were performed in laboratory. These bioassays aimed to evaluate the impact of C.violaceum infection on mosquito survival, blood feeding and fecundity, respectively. During bioassays mosquitoes were infected through the well-established system of cotton ball soaked with 6% glucose containing C.violaceum.Results: C. violaceum kills pyrethroid resistant mosquitoes An. coluzzii (LT80 of 8.78 days ± 0.18 at 108 bacteria cell/ml of sugar meal). Interestingly, this bacterium had other negative effects on mosquito lifespan by significantly reducing (~59%, P<0.001) the mosquito feeding willingness from day 4-post infection (~81% would seek a host to blood feed) to 9- day post infection (22 ± 4.62% would seek a host to blood feed). Moreover, C. violaceum considerably jeopardized the egg laying (~16 eggs laid /mosquitoes with C. violaceum infected mosquitoes vs ~129 eggs laid / mosquitoes with control mosquitoes) and hatching of mosquitoes (A reduction of ~22 % of hatching rate with C. violaceum infected mosquitoes). Compared to the bacterial uninfected mosquitoes, mosquitoes infected with C. violaceum showed indeed significantly higher retention rates of immature eggs and follicles. Conclusion: These data showed important properties of Burkina Faso C. violaceum strains, which are highly virulent against insecticide resistant Anopheles coluzzii, and reduce both mosquito blood feeding and fecundity propensities. However, additional studies as the sequencing of C. violaceum genome and the potential toxins secreted will certainly provide useful information render it a potential candidate for the biological control strategies of malaria and other disease vectors.
An Audit Tool for Longitudinal Assessment of the Health-Related Characteristics of Urban Neighborhoods: Implementation Methods and Reliability Results
Authors: Dastidar Bonnie Ghosh , Hunter Gerald , Sloan Jennifer C , Collins Rebecca L , Richardson Andrea S , Troxel Wendy , Colabianchi Natalie , Dubowitz Tamara
Published: July 2020

Background: Improving the neighborhood environment may help address chronic disease and mortality. To identify neighborhood features that are predictors of health, objective assessments of the environment are used. Multiple studies have reported on cross-sectional assessments of health-related neighborhood features using direct observation. As study designs expand to better understand causation and predictors of change, there is a need to test whether direct observation methods are adequate for longitudinal assessment. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report on the reliability of repeated measurements of the neighborhood environment, and their stability, over time.Methods: The Pittsburgh Hill/Homewood Research on Neighborhood Change and Health (PHRESH) study conducted longitudinal assessments in two low-income, African American neighborhoods at three waves (years 2012, 2015, 2017). The PHRESH audit tool is a modification of earlier validated tools, with an emphasis on environment features relevant for physical activity, sleep, and obesogenic behaviors. Trained data-collector pairs conducted direct observations of a 25% sample of street segments in each neighborhood. At each wave, we audited a sub-sample of street segments twice and assessed reliability using percentage inter-observer agreement and krippendorf’s alpha statistics. Stability of these items was assessed as exhibiting moderate or high agreement at every time point. Results: Across waves, a majority (81%) of the items consistently demonstrated moderate to high agreement except for items such as public/communal space, amount of shade, sidewalk features, number of traffic lanes, garden/flower bed/planter, art/statue/monument, amount of trash, and physical disorder. The list of items with poor agreement includes features that are easy to miss (e.g. flower bed/planter), hard to assess from outside (e.g. public/communal space), or may change quickly (e.g. amount of trash). Conclusion: In this paper, we have described implementation methods, reliability results and lessons learned to inform future studies of change. We found the use of consistent methods allowed us to conduct reliable, replicable longitudinal assessments of the environment. Items that did not exhibit stability are less useful for detecting real change over time. Overall, the SSA direct observation tool is an effective and practical instrument to detect change in the neighborhood environment.
Adaptive Multi-Scale Feature Fusion Based Residual U-net for Fracture Segmentation in Coal Rock Images
Authors: Lu Fengli , Fu Chengcai , Zhang Guoying , Shi Jie
Published: July 2020

Accurate segmentation of fractures in coal rock CT images is important for safe production and the development of coalbed methane. However, the coal rock fractures formed through natural geological evolution, which are complex, low contrast and different scales. Furthermore, there is no published data set of coal rock. In this paper, we proposed adaptive multi-scale feature fusion based residual U-uet (AMSFFR-U-uet) for fracture segmentation in coal rock CT images. The dilated residual blocks (DResBlock) with dilated ratio (1,2,3) are embedded into encoding branch of the U-uet structure, which can improve the ability of extract feature of network and capture different scales fractures. Furthermore, feature maps of different sizes in the encoding branch are concatenated by adaptive multi-scale feature fusion (AMSFF) module. And AMSFF can not only capture different scales fractures but also improve the restoration of spatial information. To alleviate the lack of coal rock fractures training data, we applied a set of comprehensive data augmentation operations to increase the diversity of training samples. Our network, U-net and Res-U-net are tested on our test set of coal rock CT images with five different region coal rock samples. The experimental results show that our proposed approach improve the average Dice coefficient by 2.9%, the average precision by 7.2% and the average Recall by 9.1% , respectively. Therefore, AMSFFR-U-net can achieve better segmentation results of coal rock fractures, and has stronger generalization ability and robustness.
An unlabelled probe-based real time PCR and modified semi-nested PCR as molecular tools for analysis of chloroquine resistant Plasmodium vivax isolates from Afghanistan
Authors: Mosawi Sayed Hussain , Dalimi Abdolhossein , Safi Najibullah , Fotouhi-Ardakani Reza , Ghaffarifar Fatemeh , Sadraei Javid
Published: July 2020

Background Plasmodium vivax resistance to chloroquine (CQ) has been reported from many endemic regions in the world. Plasmodium vivax is responsible for 95% of malaria cases in Afghanistan and CQ is the first-line treatment given for treatment of vivax malaria. The pvmdr-1 and pvcrt-o (K10 insertion) genes are possible markers for CQ-resistance in P. vivax isolates. There have been no studies done on the presence or absence of molecular markers for CQ-resistance P. vivax in Afghanistan. The present work aimed to evaluate the frequency of mutations in the pvmdr-1 and K10 insertion in the pvcrt-o genes of P. vivax.
Methods
Plasmodium vivax isolates were collected from Laghman, Baghlan and Khost provinces. For investigation of polymorphisms of desired regions in pvmdr-1 and pvcrt-o genes, sequencing was applied on the PCR products. A new asymmetric qPCR and melting analysis assay based on unlabelled probe developed for scanning of K10 insertion in pvcrt-o gene.
Results
The analysis of sequencing data of the pvmdr-1 gene showed wild type Y976 and K997 and mutant M958 and L1076 in 33 isolates from three provinces. Of the 36 samples evaluated for K10 insertion in pvcrt-o , 2/18(11%), 0/10(0%) and 0/8(0%) isolates from Laghman, Baghlan and Khost province, respectively, possessed K10 insertion, confirmed by either sequencing and unlabelled probes.
Conclusion
Two samples with K10 insertion and 33 samples with pvmdr1 polymorphism, indicating on the possibility of CQ resistance in P. vivax populations in Afghanistan. Furthermore, unlabelled probes are simple and inexpensive alternative tools for screening of P. vivax mutations.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of primary health care physicians regarding the pre-travel counselling of patients with type 2 diabetes in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alduraibi Rabia Khalid , Almigbal Turky H , Alrasheed Abdullah A , Batais Mohammed Ali
Published: July 2020

Background: Travel has become an integral part of Saudi life. People with diabetes face many challenges while travelling that can have detrimental effects on glycaemic control. However, no previous studies have investigated pre-travel counselling in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of primary health care (PHC) physicians regarding pre-travel counselling for patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in PHC centres under the Ministry of Health in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during the period 2018-2019. A cluster multistage random sampling technique was used to recruit physicians. The data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire.Results: Three hundred and eighty-five primary health care physicians were recruited. This study showed that more than half (57.9%) of PHC physicians had poor knowledge scores. Additionally, the following characteristics were significantly associated with poor knowledge: being younger in age, being male, being Saudi, being a general practitioner, and having limited (0-5 years) experience. A total of 183 (47.5%) subjects showed disagreement attitudes towards the importance of pre-travel counselling among patients with diabetes. Furthermore, these disagreement attitudes were significantly associated with being older and having more years of experience. The majority (62.6%) of the physicians had poor practice scores. Poor practices were detected among physicians who were younger, male, and Saudi and who had a general practitioner specialty and degree.Conclusions: It could be concluded that a gap was detected in the knowledge and practices of primary health care physicians regarding pre-travel counselling for people with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is necessary to create easily accessible travel medicine education programmes for Saudi PHC providers to improve the management of travellers with diabetes.Trial registrationNot applicable
Comparison between buttress plate and anteroposterior screw internal fixation for posterior pilon fracture: a retrospective study
Authors: zhang linyuan , liu zhiqing , wang yueting , yu chao , tang jian , sun yuehua , zhu zhen'an , xu chen , liu fengxiang
Published: July 2020

Background: Posterior pilon fracture (PPF) is a serious ankle injury caused by combined vertical and rotational trauma. Surgical treatment includes buttress plate (BP), anteroposterior screw (APS) and posteroanterior screw (PAS) fixation. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects after PPF internal fixation with BPs and APSs. Methods: From January 2015 to June 2018, 37 patients with PPFs underwent surgical treatment in our institution. The patients were divided into the BP (11 patients) and APS (26 patients) groups according to the internal fixation method. Bone healing time and postoperative complications were recorded. At the last follow-up, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores, visual analog scale (VAS) scores and Burwell-Charnley scores were used to evaluate ankle joint function, ankle joint pain, and fracture reduction on imaging, respectively. Results: No significant difference in bone healing time was found between the two groups (P > 0.05). Local necrosis of the posterolateral incision and chronic ankle pain occurred in 1 case each in the BP group. Chronic ankle joint pain occurred in 4 cases in the APS group. Two cases of soft tissue irritation were caused by screws that were too long. Local numbness of the posterolateral incision occurred in 1 case. At the last follow-up, no significant difference in VAS scores between the two groups at rest (P = 0.477), but a significant difference during exercise was noted (P = 0.033). AOFAS scores were better in the BP group than those in the APS group (P = 0.002). According to the Burwell-Charnley scoring system, 11 cases were anatomically reduced in the BP group. In the APS group, anatomical reduction was achieved in 19 cases and fair in 7 cases. Conclusion: Compared with APSs, BPs resulted in better reduction, ankle joint functional recovery and complication rates. BPs are recommended for internal fixation of PPFs.
Younger age of patients with myocardial infarction correlates with a higher number of relatives with a history of premature atherosclerosis
Authors: Ambroziak Michał , Niewczas-Wieprzowska Katarzyna , Maicka Agnieszka , Budaj Andrzej
Published: July 2020

Background: Premature coronary artery disease is one of the most pressing global issues in modern cardiology. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of family history of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients aged <50 years with myocardial infarction (MI) compared to that in patients aged ≥50 years with MI and to that in young people without MI (no-MI<50).Methods: The studied group (MI<50) consisted of 240 patients aged 26-49 years with MI. The control groups consisted of 240 patients (MI≥50) with MI aged 50-92 years and 240 healthy people aged 30-49 years without a history of MI (no-MI<50).Results: There were statistically significant differences between the MI<50 and MI≥50 and no-MI<50 groups regarding the family history of premature MI/ischaemic stroke and the percentage of patients with ≥2 relatives affected (10.8%, 2.9%, and 3.7%, respectively; p<0.0001). There was a statistically significant difference in the patient age at the first MI occurrence among patients without a family history of premature CVD, those with 1 affected relative, and those with ≥2 affected first-degree relatives (56.6, 48.6 and 41.8 years, respectively) as well as those with affected first- and second-degree relatives (56.5, 50.7 and 47.0 years, respectively). Conclusions: A younger age of patients with myocardial infarction is inversely associated with a higher number of relatives with a history of premature MI/ischaemic stroke. Thus, the family history of premature atherosclerosis involving not only first- but also second-degree relatives seems to be a valuable factor in CVD risk evaluation in young people.
Association of Adipocytokines with Lipid and Glycemic Profiles in Women with Normal Weight Obesity
Authors: Taheri Ehsaneh , Hosseini Saeed , Qorbani Mostafa , Mirmiran Parvin
Published: July 2020

Background: Subjects with normal weight obesity (NWO) are supposed to cardiometabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the circulating levels of vaspin and leptin and their association with glycemic and lipid profiles in women with NWO compared to controlsMethods: Forty women with body mass index (BMI)=18.5-24.9 kg/m2 and fat mass (FM) ≥ 30% as NWO group and 30 age matched women with same BMI range and FM<30% as control group were enrolled in this study. Anthropometric measurement, fasting serum levels of blood sugar (FBS), insulin, Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profiles and also, leptin and vaspin were measured.Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age was 28.76 ± 4.76 years in NWO group and 29.23 ± 4.50 years in controls. Subjects in NWO group had higher serum levels of insulin (9.02 ± 4.75 vs.6.24 ± 2.51, p= 0.009), leptin (17.31 ± 8.10 vs. 9.94 ± 4.30, p<0.001) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (33.77 ± 20.71 vs. 23.48 ± 10.03, p=0.009) as compared to normal weight non-obese (NWNO) as control group. Serum level of vaspin in NWO group (34.82 pg/ml) was higher than that in controls (27.72 pg/ml), (p=0.12). In NWO group, serum level of leptin was correlated positively with FBS (r=0.45, p=0.02), insulin (r=0.51, p=0.008), and HOMA-IR (r=0.46, p=0.02) and vaspin concentration was positively associated with insulin (r=0.36, p= 0.02) and HOMA-IR (r=0.30, p=0.06). Conclusion: We observed that concentration of insulin and HOMA-IR index were significantly increased in women with NWO compared to the controls. Higher levels of leptin and vaspin in NWO were associated with glycemic profiles in NWO group.
Difference Analysis of the Contribution of E-commerce and Modern Logistics to Regional Economy Based on Wireless Network
Authors: Tang Xiaodong , Wang Gangyi
Published: July 2020

The rapid development of e-commerce has greatly promoted the development of the modern logistics industry. The application level of e-commerce and the application status of modern logistics largely determine the development of regional economic structure in a region. Under this circumstance, it is particularly important to comprehensively strengthen the research and analysis of the impact of e-commerce and modern logistics on the regional economic structure and scope, and promote the coordinated development between each other. As one of the most developed regions in China, the Yangtze River Delta region has achieved certain achievements in the development of regional logistics industry and e-commerce, and plays an important role in the process of regional integration in the Yangtze River Delta. Therefore, this paper takes the Yangtze River Delta as the research object, and empirically analyses the development status of the logistics industry and e-commerce in the Yangtze River Delta region and its contribution to regional economic growth. On this basis, it puts forward countermeasures to further increase the contribution of the logistics industry and e-commerce in the Yangtze River Delta region to economic growth. This will provide a reference for the construction of a coordinated regional logistics-e-commerce system and the realization of regional economic integration in the Yangtze River Delta region.