bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERSEPSI PETANI TERHADAP KINERJA PENYULUH PERTANIAN PADI SAWAH DI DESA LANGGOMEA KECAMATAN UEPAI KABUPATEN KONAWE
Authors: Winiasih Dwik , Hamzah Awaluddin , Salahuddin Salahuddin
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study is to ascertain the perceptions of farmers regarding the performance of agricultural extension workers in paddy rice cultivation in Langgomea Village, Uepai Subdistrict, Konawe Regency, and to examine the relationship between these perceptions and the performance of the workers.  The population under investigation in this study consisted of all wet-rice farmers in Langgomea Village. The research sample was selected using the simple random sampling method. The sample size was determined using the Slovin formula, with an error rate of 10%, resulting in a sample size of 52 respondents. This research employs a quantitative data approach. The data were collected via survey, interview, and recording methods with the use of media in the form of questionnaires or other pertinent documentation. This research employs a two-dimensional approach, with the variables of interest being the farmers' perceptions and the performance of agricultural extension workers. The data were processed in two stages or ways: first, using the class interval formula; and second, using the Spearman rank correlation formula. The findings indicate that the perceptions of wet-rice farmers in Langgomea Village, Uepai Subdistrict, Konawe Regency are predominantly positive, as evidenced by their observations, views, and opinions.  The performance of agricultural extension workers in Langgomea Village is generally classified as "good," as evidenced by the implementation and impact of the results of the actions of agricultural extension workers at all stages of extension activities, including the planning, implementation, evaluation, and reporting stages. The results demonstrated a significant and positive correlation between farmers' perceptions and the performance of agricultural extension workers in Langgomea Village. Consequently, an improvement in farmers' perceptions of the performance of agricultural extension workers was associated with an enhancement in the performance of agricultural extension workers, and vice versa.
PENDEKATAN KOMUNIKASI PENYULUH PERTANIAN PADA PETANI JAGUNG DI DESA LANGKORONI KECAMATAN MALIGANO KABUPATEN MUNA
Authors: Muliyana Muliyana , Wunawarsih Ima Astuty , Salahuddin Salahuddin
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study is to ascertain the communication approach employed by agricultural extension workers in the formation of corn farmer groups in Langkoroni Village, Maligano District, Muna Regency. The study population consisted of six corn farmer groups, each comprising 20 farmers, for a total population of 120 individuals.  The research sample was selected using the simple random method. The sample size was determined using the Slovin formula with an error rate of 10%, resulting in a sample size of 54 respondents. This research employs a quantitative data approach. The data were collected through the use of survey, interview, and recording methods with the incorporation of media in the form of questionnaires or other pertinent documentation. The object of investigation is the communication approach of agricultural extension workers, which encompasses individual approaches (personal), group approaches (group), and mass approaches (mass). In the process of data processing and analysis, the data were processed and analyzed using the class interval formula. The results demonstrated that the communication approach of agricultural extension in developing corn farmer groups in Langkoroni Village, Maligano Subdistrict, Muna Regency has been effectively implemented by the agricultural extension officers responsible for the area (Langkoroni Village). The agricultural extension communication approach encompasses individual, group, and mass approaches, each of which has been executed optimally.
UMA FERRAMENTA DE ASSESSORIA DE IMPRENSA: A ANÁLISE DE ENQUADRAMENTO JORNALÍSTICO
Authors: Lopes Luiz Eduardo Maciel
Published: December 2024

The intention of this study is to structure a tool that allows the press officer to understand the choices adopted within the editorial process of communication vehicles in print media, considering the need to understand the position of these vehicles in the face of facts related to the Institution of which the advisor is a part. For this, an adaptation of the research method analysis of journalistic framing was used, structuring it from the production process of the newspapers themselves. From the organization of the research instrument, it was applied in the framing carried out by the newspaper O Globo on the Guanabara operation, carried out by the Brazilian Army in 2003, in the city of Rio de Janeiro. As a conclusion, the potential of using a similar method for the same analysis regarding broadcast or television media was verified.
THE EFFECT OF SELF ASSESSMENT SYSTEM AND TAX SANCTIONS ON MSME TAXPAYER COMPLIANCE WITH TAX SOCIALIZATION AS A MODERATION VARIABLE (Case Study of MSMEs at Tanah Abang Market, Central Jakarta)
Authors: Fatli Budiman , Waluyo
Published: December 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of the self-assessment system and tax sanctions on MSME taxpayer compliance with tax socialization as a moderating variable. The population used in this research is Tanah Abang market MSMEs. This research used a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires to traders at the Tanah Abang market as many as 190 respondents. The analysis used in this research is statistical testing in the form of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using smart PLS 3.0 software. The results of this research show that the self-assessment system has a positive effect on taxpayer compliance, tax sanctions have an effect on taxpayer compliance, tax socialization positively moderates the influence of the self-assessment system on taxpayer compliance, tax socialization positively moderates and strengthens the effect of tax sanctions on mandatory compliance tax.
Trust in the Stream: How Sales Promotions and Followers Drive Impulse Buying in ECommerce Live Streaming
Authors: Arizal, N.  , Nofrizal.  , Listihana. Wita Dwika , Fajrin. Hafiza
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine how much the number of followers and sales promotions might affect consumers' trust and impulsive purchases while live streaming in e-commerce. Subsequently, it is also intended to understand whether trust can act as a mediator in the relationship between the promotion of sales and the closing of impulsive purchases. The study sample consisted of 200 spontaneous buyers during a live-streaming session. Data collection is done by using an online questionnaire that may be filled out using a Google Form and given to impulse buyers. Purposive sampling is the technique used for data collection. Using Smart PLS, data is analyzed quantitatively. The study's findings indicate that live-streaming promotions for viewers and sellers have a positive and significant impact on viewers' trust and spontaneous purchases. Furthermore, trustworthiness might mitigate the relationship between sales promotions and follow-up in impulsive buying.
PRACTICING SOFT SKILLS: EXPERIENCING THE JOYS OF TEACHING
Authors: LLENA SARANIE LOPEZ
Published: December 2024

My drive for this study was to describe the experiences of the public school teachers in practicing soft skills to experience the joys of teaching in their respective workplace in due course. Experiential confirmations unveiled that soft skills are indispensable in the emancipation of the duties and responsibilities of the teachers to their journey in the quest for the joy of teaching. Thus, my phenomenological study exposed the experiences of the ten elementary school teachers in the Division of Davao Occidental using the purposive sampling technique. Teachers bare that, for them, the soft skills that are easy to manifest are: inspiration to learners, attitude towards work, communication with co-teachers, collaboration in school, and self-sacrifice for the service. They also uncovered that the soft skills that were difficult to practice are time management, patience in service, verbal communication, decision-making and conflict resolution. Likewise, they also have made known the reasons why master soft skills which were the impressions that soft skills build rapport and camaraderie. This advent served as a paradigm shift in teaching as it demanded teachers to cope with the constantly changing world to attain job satisfaction. This study, then, should work for the inspiration of teachers to enthusiastically engage in teaching with the manifestation of soft skills – a practice that would advance good relationships among teachers, learners, school officials and other stakeholders whereby transform teaching and learning into a more fun, engaging, and productive encounters.
The Relationship between Family Support and Smoking Behavior in Adolescents in the Donggala Health Center Work Area, Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Ratna Devi  , Hayati Palesa  , Warihan Unok  , Mayu Sanlia Samadani
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Adolescence is a time to determine choices about what to do, including smoking behavior. Smoking is an action that is considered normal by today's society, even though it has high health risks.
Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship between emotional support and assessment/appreciation support on smoking behavior in adolescents in the Donggala Health Center work area. Smoking behavior in adolescents is a serious health problem that can have long-term impacts on their well-being.
Method: This study is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 73 adolescents who actively smoke in the area. Data were collected through a questionnaire that measured the level of emotional support and assessment support and adolescent smoking behavior.
Results: This study shows a significant relationship between emotional support and smoking behavior, (p <0.05), as well as assessment support and smoking behavior in adolescents (p <0.05). This study highlights the important role of family support in preventing smoking behavior in adolescents. Emotional support and positive assessment from the family can help adolescents make healthier decisions about smoking.
Conclusion: This study concludes that the existence of other factors that influence smoking behavior indicates the importance of a comprehensive prevention approach, involving various parties such as educational institutions, communities, and further research, to develop effective prevention strategies for adolescents.
ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN DANA KAS KECIL (PETTY CASH) PADA PT. AIC
Authors: Rosianie Ayu Fitri , Asmarini Julia , Amalia Mega
Published: December 2024

The company provides petty cash to cover routine expenses that are not large in amount. The petty cash procedure is necessary to facilitate the petty cash administrator in recording petty cash transactions, monitoring and controlling petty cash funds, and ensuring that all petty cash expenditures are well recorded to avoid any misuse of petty cash funds. The purpose of this research is to analyze the petty cash recording procedures at PT. AIC. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with data collected through primary and secondary data using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. The results of this study indicate that PT. AIC uses the fluctuating fund method in petty cash recording, and the petty cash recording procedures are running well.

Kas kecil adalah uang tunai yang disediakan perusahaan untuk membayar pengeluaran yang sifatnya rutin dan jumlahnya tidak besar. Prosedur pencatatan kas kecil diperlukan untuk memberikan kemudahan bagi admin kas kecil dalam mencatat transaksi kas kecil, mengawasi dan mengendalikan dana kas kecil, serta memastikan bahwa seluruh pengeluaran kas kecil tercatat dengan baik sehingga dapat menghindari adanya penyalahgunaan dana kas kecil. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis prosedur pencatatan kas kecil pada PT. AIC. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder yang dikumpulkan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa PT. AIC menggunakan metode dana fluktuasi dalam pencatatan kas kecil dan prosedur pencatatan kas kecil sudah berjalan dengan baik.
PENERAPAN AKUNTANSI PERTANGGUNG JAWABAN SEBAGAI ALAT PENGENDALIAN BIAYA PADA PT NAGATA PACK
Authors: Niken Trifani Cahnia , Maryam Siti , Nuansari Senja , Putri Lusiana
Published: December 2024

This research aims to determine the implementation of responsibility accounting and the efficiency of cost control applied at PT. Nagata Pack. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. Meanwhile, data was collected using observation techniques, interviews with managers regarding the implementation of responsibility accounting, and documentation by collecting documents in the form of the company's financial reports. The results of this study indicate the implementation of responsibility accounting at PT. Nagata Pack has effectively applied responsibility accounting as a cost control tool. This can be seen in the company's separation of controllable and uncontrollable costs. The responsibility accounting has resulted in favourable variances in the cost responsibility report, which is the implementation of responsibility accounting at PT. Nagata Pack has also utilized costs efficiently due to several favourable variances between the budget and its realization.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan dari akuntansi pertanggungjawaban dan efisiensi pengendalian biaya yang diterapkan pada PT. Nagata Pack. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Sedangkan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dengan manager mengenai penerapan akuntansi pertanggungjawaban dan dokumentasi dengan mengumpulkan dokumen berupa laporan keuangan perusahaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penerapan akuntansi pertanggungjawaban pada PT. Nagata Pack sudah mengaplikasikan akuntansi pertanggungjawaban sebagai alat pengendalian biaya dengan baik, ini dapat dilihat perusahan sudah melakukan pemisahan biaya pengendalian yaitu biaya terkendali dan biaya tak terkendali, Hal ini mengakibatkan adanya penyimpangan keuntungan (favorable) pada laporan pertanggungjawaban biaya. Penerapan akuntansi pertanggungjawaban Pada PT. Nagata Pack juga sudah menggunakan biaya secara efisien dikarenakan terdapat beberapa hal penyimpangan yang menguntungkan antara anggaran dan realisasinya
ANALISIS SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERN ATAS PENERIMAAN KAS PADA PERUSAHAAN DAERAH AIR MINUM KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Permatasari Intan , Idrus Mukhammad , Masnawaty Masnawaty
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze the internal control system of cash receipts at the Regional Drinking Water Company (PDAM) of Makassar City in accordance with the elements of internal control based on Mulyadi's theory. (2016). Data collection techniques include observation, documentation, and interviews. The research uses qualitative data analysis techniques with a descriptive approach. The research results indicate that the internal control system for cash receipts at the PDAM Makassar is functioning well, as it carries out several functions in the finance department, specifically the accounting verification section and the budgeting section. To create healthy practices, the forms used by the PDAM Makassar are already numbered and stamped as paid.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sistem pengendalian internal penerimaan kas pada Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Kota Makassar sesuai dengan unsur-unsur pengendalian internal pada teori Mulyadi (2016). Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah sistem pengendalian intern penerimaan kas. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Penelitian menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pengendalian intern penerimaan kas pada PDAM Kota Makassar sudah berjalan baik dengan menyelenggarakan beberapa fungsi pada bagian keuangan yaitu pada bagian verifikasi akuntansi dan bagian anggaran. Untuk menciptakan praktik yang sehat formulir yang digunakan PDAM Kota Makassar sudah bernomor urut cetak dan sudah dibubuhi tanda lunas.
ANALISIS AKUNTABILITAS DAN TRANSPARANSI PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA DI DESA TOLALA KECAMATAN TOLALA KABUPATEN KOLAKA UTARA
Authors: Pirsya Pirsya , Rijal Abdul , Afiah Nur
Published: December 2024

This research analyzes the accountability and transparency of village fund management in Tolala Village, Tolala District, North Kolaka Regency. The research variables are Accountability and Transparency in Village Fund Management, covering the stages of planning, implementation, administration, reporting, and accountability based on the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 20 of 2018 concerning village fund management. The data analysis method in this study is descriptive qualitative. Data collection was conducted using documentation and interview techniques involving five respondents involved in village financial management, namely the Village Head, Village Secretary, Village Treasurer, Village Consultative Body (BPD), and the Community. The research results indicate that the accountability of village fund management in Tolala Village is quite good as it aligns with the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 20 of 2018 concerning Village Fund Management, covering the stages of Planning, Implementation, Administration, and Accountability. However, the reporting stage is still not by the regulations. The principle of transparency in managing village funds in Tolala Village is already quite good by the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis akuntabilitas dan transparansi pengelolaan dana desa pada Desa Tolala Kecamatan Tolala Kabupaten Kolaka Utara. Variabel penelitian adalah Akuntabilitas dan Transparansi Pengelolaan Dana Desa, dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penatausahaan, pelaporan dan pertanggungjawaban berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 20 Tahun 2018 tentang pengelolaan dana desa. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatitif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik Dokumentasi dan Wawancara dengan melibatkan lima orang responden yang terlibat dalam pengelolaan keuangan desa yaitu Kepala Desa, Sekretaris Desa, Bendahara Desa, BPD, dan Masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa akuntabilitas pengelolaan dana desa di Desa Tolala sudah cukup baik karena sudah sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 20 Tahun 2018 tentang Pengelolaan Dana Desa mulai dari tahapan Perencanaan, Pelaksanaan, Penatausahaan dan Pertanggungjawaban. Sedangkan untuk tahap pelaporan masih belum sesuai. Untuk prinsip transparansi dalam pengelolaan dana desa di Desa Tolala juga sudah cukup baik sesuai Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri.
PENGARUH BIAYA GAJI TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PT INDOFOOD CBP SUKSES MAKMUR TBK DI TAHUN 2016-2024
Authors: Manurung Elizabeth Tiur , Beekum Axel van , Yosefanny Ellen
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to examine the influence of labor costs on stock prices in PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk quarterly from 2016 to 2024. The study employed secondary data obtained from the official website of PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk. The research is a quantitative approach with simple linear regression analysis using SPSS. This research indicated that labor cost exerts a significant positive effect on stock prices. Based on the coefficient of determination analysis, labor cost influences stock prices in PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk during 2016-2024 to the extent of 7.8%, implying that the remaining 92.2% is attributable to other variables not examined in this study. Labor costs should be considered by the company to enhance company performance and profitability, ultimately leading to an increase in stock prices.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh biaya gaji terhadap harga saham pada PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk per kuartal dari tahun 2016-2024.Â Sumber data adalah data sekunder, berasal dari situs resmi PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi linier sederhana dengan bantuan aplikasi SPSS. Dari analisis regresi linier sederhana didapatkan hasil bahwa biaya gaji berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap harga saham. Dari analisis koefisien determinasi, diketahui bahwa biaya gaji mempengaruhi harga saham pada PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk selama 2016-2024 sebesar 7.8% yang berarti sisanya 92.2% dipengaruhi variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Hendaknya biaya gaji menjadi pertimbangan bagi perusahaan untuk meningkatkan kinerja perusahaan serta profitabilitas dan akhirnya dapat meningkatkan harga saham.
PENGARUH FUNDAMENTAL MAKRO DAN STRUKTUR MODAL DENGAN MANAJEMEN LABA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DALAM INDEKS LQ-45 BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Dinda Bahiira Albasitha Permata , Putri Pradita Andina Kurnia , Marcellina Lola Via , Olivianti Risca , Suparta I Made
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of the influence caused by macro fundamentals and capital structure using earnings management as an intervening variable on the financial performance of manufacturing companies listed in the LQ-45 index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The research uses descriptive quantitative with secondary data in the form of annual financial reports from manufacturing companies collected through documentation techniques. This study used purposive sampling technique as the sampling technique, so that there were 13 companies that became the research sample. The data was processed with the Smart-PLS program application. The results found strong evidence between macro fundamentals and financial performance, as well as macro fundamentals and earnings management with a significant positive effect. However, macro fundamentals and capital structure have no significant influence. Capital structure and financial performance have a significant positive effect, but a significant negative effect on earnings management. Earnings management as an intervening variable and financial performance are found to have a significant negative effect. The implication of the study is the importance of paying attention to factors related to improving financial performance.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh yang ditimbulkan dari fundamental makro dan struktur modal dengan menggunakan manajemen laba sebagai variabel intervening terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar dalam indeks LQ-45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Penelitian menggunakan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan tahunan dari perusahaan manufaktur yang dikumpulkan melalui teknik dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan 13 perusahaan yang menjadi sampel penelitian. Data diolah dengan aplikasi Smart-PLS. Hasilnya ditemukan bukti kuat antara fundamental makro dan kinerja keuangan, serta fundamental makro dan manajemen laba dengan pengaruh positif signifikan. Namun, fundamental makro dan struktur modal tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap struktur modal. Struktur modal dan kinerja keuangan terdapat pengaruh positif signifikan, tetapi berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. Manajemen laba sebagai variable intervening dan kinerja keuangan ditemukan memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan. Implikasi penelitian adalah pentingnya memperhatikan faktor - faktor yang berkaitan untuk meningkatkan kinerja keuangan.
Assessing the Impact of AI Innovation, Financial Development, and the Digital Economy on Load Capacity Factor in the BRICS Region
Authors: Abdulla Al Shiam Sarder , Abir Shake Ibna , Dipankar Saha  , Shoha Shaharina , Hemel Hossain  , Dolon Md Shah Ali , Rahman Hasibur , Ahsan Md Tanvir , Akhter Afsana , Mohammad Ridwan
Published: December 2024

This study explores the impact of AI innovation, financial development, and the digital economy on the Load Capacity Factor (LCF) in BRICS nations from 2000 to 2019. Cross-sectional dependence and slope homogeneity tests reveal that the variables exhibit both dependence and heterogeneity. Panel unit root tests confirm stationarity, and a cointegration analysis establishes long-term relationships among the variables. The Panel ARDL method identifies a U-shaped relationship between income and LCF, supporting the LCC hypothesis. AI innovation and the digital economy positively influence LCF, promoting environmental sustainability. Conversely, financial development significantly reduces the LCF in both the short and long terms. To validate these findings, robustness checks using DKSE (Driscoll Kraay Standard Error), AMG (Augmented Mean Group), and CCEMG (Common Correlated Effects Mean Group) estimation techniques yield consistent results with the Panel ARDL analysis. Furthermore, the D-H causality test reveals unidirectional causal relationships from income, financial development, and the digital economy to LCF. It also identifies a bidirectional causal relationship between LCF and AI innovation. These findings highlight the dual role of AI and the digital economy in enhancing environmental sustainability while addressing the challenges posed by financial development in the BRICS nations.
The role of Gender in Information Service delivery among Librarians in the Era of Information and Communication Technology
Authors: Ogunbanjo Emmanuel Gbemisola.S (CLN)  , Bakare, Oluwabunmi Dorcas
Published: December 2024

The paper explored the role of gender in information service delivery among librarians in the era of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) using systematic review. Articles considered for this systematic review study include articles between the year range of 2000 and 2021, and information and materials used cuts across journal articles, books, and other online materials addressing the important issues that focus on this study. In addition, content analysis was deployed and information resources obtained were grouped into the major themes of the research objectives to address the objective of the study. The findings revealed that gender gap actually exists among librarians in the iinformation service delivery in the era of Information and Communication Technology. However, this may occur in different proportions that tend to favour the male librarians especially with regards to holding key positions such as supervisors, administrators and act as know-it-all librarians and demonstrate a high level of intellectual prowess couple with their proficiency in technology usage while the females hold lower positions in the libraries. But few women rise to hold supervisors, administrators, and other leadership positions. This has actually affected the motivation for women to embark on various career enhancement programmes and activities. Therefore, the study recommends that libraries should work to reverse gender stereotypes that could allow for upward mobility, and increase gender diversity among librarians and also focus on women empowerment with various technology and programming skills that would close the gender gap among librarians.
SECURITY OF THE TURKISH STRAITS IN THE BLACK SEA: IMPACT OF THE NATO/EU ENLARGEMENTS ON THE MONTREUX CONVENTION
Authors: Kırval Levent , Özkan Arda
Published: December 2024

The Turkish Straits (composed of İstanbul and Çanakkale Straits) are strategic geographic regions between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. Their legal status and the sovereignty-navigation regimes are determined by a multilateral treaty, namely the Montreux Straits Convention of 1936. Today, International Relations (IR) environment has changed greatly when compared with the period of the signing of the Convention. The Cold War is now over and the balance between the East and the West has been disrupted. Furthermore, there are some conflicts in the Black Sea basin, such as the war between Russia/Ukraine and Russia/Georgia. The complex nature of the Black Sea requires a securitization framework from both Russia and the EU/NATO perspectives. In this context, the recent developments in international politics about the region may also have an impact on the Montreux regime in the Turkish Straits in future. Considering these current developments, this paper analyzes the impact of the NATO and EU enlargements on the Montreux regime and evaluates future scenarios about the security of the Turkish Straits. In doing so, it will use the securitization theory as an explanatory approach for the developments in the region. Thus, the Black Sea and the Turkish Straits contains the securitization dynamics within itself.
Priorities in the Biotechnology Industry Cluster
Authors: Dela Peña Fortunato
Published: December 2024

The Philippine National Science and Technology Plan (2002–2020) states that the development priorities in biotechnology are its applications in agriculture, forestry and natural resources, health/medical sciences, environment, energy, and manufacturing and process engineering. Applications have been identified in these sectors as follows: for agriculture and fisheries – varietal improvement and sustainable production for food security; for forestry – maintenance and maximization of forestry resources; for health and medical sciences – prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases; for marine sciences – development of marine bioindustries; for energy – development of renewable energy resources; for manufacturing and process engineering – the development of novel processes of manufacture using life forms as miniature factories to produce the desired products; and for the environment – bioremediation.
The plan also indicates that the priority research and development areas for biotechnology processes and technologies include plant tissue culture; immuno-based diagnostics, protein and DNA markers; microbial transformations; plant transformations; genome mapping; cloning single genes; and mammalian tissue culture.
The sectoral R&D councils have formulated their medium-term plans consistent with the NSTP priorities. In agriculture, R&D in biotechnology is geared toward generating breakthroughs such as fertilizer substitutes, genetically engineered plants and animals, biological control of pests and diseases, and plant and animal diagnostics. In industry, R&D will focus on the production of specialty chemicals, including food additives and intermediate chemicals used in food and chemical processing, particularly enzymes, organic acids, polymers for films, coatings, and flavoring agents. In health, diagnostics that aid in the treatment of diseases, as well as the development of vaccines, especially for emerging and other infectious diseases, have been identified.
Consistent with the above priorities and pursuing the strategy of niching and clustering, the Department of Agriculture, Department of Trade and Industry, and the Department of Science and Technology pushed for the creation of a Biotechnology Cluster under the Export Development Council. This is seen as a boost to the development and growth of the biotechnology industry in the country. The two subsectors identified, with their corresponding lines of products and services considered to offer good opportunities, are the agricultural and health bioindustry subsectors.
Substance Use Among Lawyers and Law Students: A Scoping Review
Authors: Aidam Kizito , Adawudu Emefa A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Lawyers are uniquely vulnerable to substance use and disor-ders due to the use of different substances mainly because of the demanding and adversarial nature of the legal profession. Substance use often begins during law school years. Aims: This study aims to examine substance use and disorders due to the use of different substances.Methods: A scoping review was adopted to collect literature from January 2000 to November 2023. The review followed the Arksey and O’Malley framework. Literature was retrieved from CINAHL Complete, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus. A total of 1,808 studies were re-trieved and 14 were included for the final synthesis. The combined sample size was 16,722, comprising 15,150 lawyers and 1,572 law students. Data was extracted into a data matrix and then synthesized into the results. Results: Many lawyers and law students have experienced substance use disorders or problematic use. Alcohol and tobacco were the most used substances among them. Suicide due to substance use was also detected. Findings reveal the use of illicit substances, demographic disparities in sub-stance use, and unprofessional behavior such as substance use during work-ing hours. The role of support systems in battling substance use was critical among lawyers and law students. Even though few lawyers sought help for substance use related issues, treatment was effective. Conclusions: Substance use is pervasive in the legal profession. Although various health promotion and education interventions have been carried out to address this problem, the scale of the problems means that stake-holders must do more to effectively tackle the issue.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Mengenai Manajemen Keuangan Pribadi Dalam Menghadapi Ketidakpastian Ekonomi Di Indonesia
Authors: Dadi Ghale Antonia Jesica , Bana Evangeli Cindy , Teti Theresa Apriani , Lian Yohanes Pemandi
Published: December 2024

Indonesia mempunyai kekayaan sumber daya alam dan jumlah penduduk yang besar. Namun sebagai negara berkembang, pertumbuhan ekonominya masih banyak dipengaruhi oleh kebijakan perekonomian negara maju sehingga menimbulkan ketidakpastian. Mahasiswa sebagai generasi penerus mempunyai peran penting dalam mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi dan menjaga stabilitas daya beli masyarakat. Mereka perlu memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam mengelola keuangan pribadi secara efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pengelolaan keuangan pribadi mahasiswa di tengah ketidakstabilan perekonomian. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini berfokus pada tiga indikator utama: penyusunan anggaran, dana darurat, dan upaya penghematan. Subyek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira Kupang dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 105 orang yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas mahasiswa menyadari pentingnya pengelolaan keuangan. Indikator penyusunan anggaran berada pada kategori sedang, dana darurat berada pada kategori tinggi, dan langkah-langkah penghematan berada pada kategori sedang. Hal ini menunjukkan pemahaman yang cukup baik mengenai pengelolaan keuangan pribadi. Namun, pendidikan dan literasi keuangan yang lebih mendalam diperlukan untuk mempersiapkan siswa menghadapi ketidakpastian ekonomi di masa depan.
Análise e Avaliação de Simuladores de Sistemas Completos para o Ensino de Arquitetura de Computadores
Authors: Penna Pedro H. M. M. , Freitas Henrique C.
Published: December 2024

O ensino de arquitetura de computadores em cursos de graduação em computação é fundamental. No entanto, essa tarefa torna-se um grande desafio devido à rápida e contínua evolução da área. Nesse contexto, diferentes metodologias de ensino surgem para facilitar o aprendizado do aluno. Uma delas é o emprego de simuladores de arquitetura como ferramenta de ensino. Este artigo descreve quatro simuladores de sistemas completos populares na academia, com o objetivo de analisar e avaliar suas características para o ensino. Para isso, os simuladores são comparados segundo suas características, e um simulador é escolhido para ser usado em sala de aula e avaliado quantitativamente por meio de um questionário respondido por alunos. Os resultados revelam que alunos aprovam o uso de simuladores como ferramenta de ensino, mas enfrentam dificuldades para entender o simulador utilizado devido à escassez de documentação.
cMIPS – uma Ferramenta Pedagógica para o Estudo de Arquitetura
Authors: Hexsel Roberto A. , Carmo Renato
Published: December 2024

Apresentamos o cMIPS, nossa implementação em VHDL do processador MIPS. Seu uso é proposto como plataforma integradora para o ensino de Arquitetura de Computadores e disciplinas correlatas. Mostramos como a utilização da plataforma completa, que inclui o processador e alguns periféricos simples, pode facilitar a apropriação dos conceitos centrais e dos seus interrelacionamentos. O cMIPS é um modelo do pipeline de cinco segmentos do conjunto de instruções MIPS32.
Inquietações sobre a Inteligência Artificial na Urgência da Contemporaneidade: por uma educação crítica, dialógica e com amorosidade
Authors: Pinto Gabriela Ribeiro Peixoto Rezende , Santo Eniel do Espírito
Published: December 2024

Há previsões relacionadas a uma quarta revolução industrial em função da evolução de tecnologias apontadas como disruptivas, a exemplo das Inteligências Artificias. Neste cenário de incertezas, uma afirmação é recorrente: as IA vieram para ficar. Destacamos, então, duas inquietações principais relacionadas à sua aplicação na educação: uma quanto à velocidade de sua criação e evolução e a outra quanto aos recursos didáticos que serão utilizados para que as diversas pessoas sejam incluídas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Apresentamos, ainda, posicionamentos iniciais sobre alguns valores freireanos que acreditamos serem fundamentais para apoiar o atual contexto educacional: a consciência crítica, o diálogo e a amorosidade.
IA Generativa na Educação: entre a Eficiência Produtivista e a Construção Coletiva do Conhecimento
Authors: Pereira Júnior Cleon Xavier , Costa Newarney Torrezão da , Seixas Luma da Rocha
Published: December 2024

Ferramentas como os Large Language Models (LLMs) oferecem respostas rápidas e individualizadas, o que pode fomentar um aprendizado personalizado, e, ao mesmo tempo, reduzir interações sociais, essenciais para o desenvolvimento crítico e colaborativo. A partir das críticas de Milton Santos e Yuk Hui, buscamos refletir sobre a tecnificação do processo educacional, que prioriza a eficiência sobre a qualidade da aprendizagem, majoritariamente ignorando as particularidades/contextos locais e sociais.
Equity and LLMs in Computing Education: A gradeless perspective under well-being lens
Authors: Bispo Jr. Esdras L. , Santos Juliana M. O.
Published: December 2024

There are equity challenges in computing education when we realize that the digital divide expands itself due to the emergence of Large-Language Models (LLMs). Assessment is one of them, provoking computing educators to reflect on their day-to-day practice and reframing their perspectives about LLM use and their own assessment process. This provocative essay brings the gradeless approach as a possibility to deal with computing students’ well-being and, as a consequence, equity in assessment involving LLM scenarios.
Tecnologia na Escola: Usando Realidade Virtual para Introduzir o Atletismo no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Amaral Carolina de Carvalho , Bataliotti Soellyn Elene
Published: December 2024

Este relato descreve o procedimento adotado para uso de recursos de Realidade Virtual (RV) em aulas de educação física do ensino fundamental, através de recursos pré-existentes como vídeos de RV e de um aplicativo especialmente desenvolvido durante o trabalho, destinado à introdução ao Atletismo - chamado AtletismoRV - compilando os passos necessários para que outros professores possam reproduzir e expandir a experiência em suas próprias aulas. Foram realizadas sessões de uso dos recursos de RV junto a alunos do 5º ano do ensino fundamental, cujos resultados foram tabulados, originando um material de apoio à prática docente.
Socialinių tyrimų vadovas
Authors: Vaitkienė Rimgailė , Rūtelionė Aušra , Rybakovas Egidijus , Markauskaitė Rita , Vainauskienė Vestina
Published: December 2024

Šis vadovas suteiks išsamių žinių apie kokybinius ir kiekybinius socialinius tyrimus nuo problemos formulavimo iki rezultatų sklaidos.
Augustin neu lesen
Authors: Flasch Kurt
Published: December 2024

The interpretation of Augustine's ideas has always been controversial. In 2018, it entered a new crisis with the publication of Kenneth M. Wilson's book "Augustine's Conversion from Traditional Free Choice to ‘Non-free Free Will’". The book is about Augustine's ‘conversion’, but not about the first one in Milan in 386, but the last one to his late doctrine. With respect to Augustine's last stage of development, the title of Wilson's book puts ‘freedom’ in quotation marks for, because although it is still called ‘freedom’, it is no longer that. Wilson establishes this precisely for Augustine's late phase, and it has consequences for a new overall picture of Augustine. Kurt Flasch tests the arguments of this original study non-polemically on the basis of Augustine's "Confessions", Book X. He examines in particular the relationship between the "Confessiones" and Augustine's letter to Simplician and comes to the conclusion (with Wilson) that it is time to read Augustine anew.
Harmonisierung des Binnenmarktes
Authors: Boerner Maria Ann
Published: December 2024

European integration is flourishing, particularly due to the deeper harmonisation of the European Single Market. However, the Single Market is currently being shaped by political, economic and social dynamics, which have recently been significantly affected by numerous crises, such as the market isolation of the Member States. In a continuously changing market environment, market control can hardly be successful by relying on an inflexible set of control mechanisms. This work examines and illustrates from a normative perspective the (market) control options in a market segment that is becoming increasingly relevant in the current post-industrial society, the so-called “Industry 4.0”: the service market.
Die reine Beitragszusage als betriebsrentenrechtliche Ergänzung gesetzlicher Rentenleistungen
Authors: Knoller Bonifaz
Published: December 2024

Company pension schemes will become icreasingly important in the German pension system in the future. In order to strengthen company pension law, defined contribution plans were introduced as a further type of commitment with effect from January 1, 2018. In contrast to the established definded benefit plans, employers in this model do not commit making pension payments, but only to making contribution payments in the savings phase. The beneficiaries are to be protected by a mandatory collective legal structure. The author classifies the contribution payment risk, presents safeguards and discusses procedural peculiarities in the context of collective bargaining structure.
Harry Potter und die Gesetze der Macht
Authors: Schäffer Jannina
Published: December 2024

Das vorliegende Werk untersucht erstmals die Bezüge zwischen dem deutschen Recht und dem Rechtssystem in den Harry-Potter-Büchern. Es gehört damit zu der aus dem anglo-amerikanischen Rechtsraum stammenden Querschnittsdisziplin „Law and Literature“. Literarische Werke erschaffen oftmals nicht nur neue fiktive Rechtssysteme, sondern setzten sich häufig auch kritisch mit gesellschaftlichen Problemen auseinander – beides geschieht auf ganz besondere Art und Weise in der Buchreihe von J.K. Rowling. Rowling selbst schafft es wie kaum eine andere Person, eine Welt zu erdenken, die über ein vollständiges politisches System verfügt und nach ihren ganz eigenen Regeln funktioniert. An der Spitze dieser magischen Welt steht das Zaubereiministerium, eine kafkaeske Behörde mit einem aufgeblasenen Bürokratieapparat, die für viel Unrecht verantwortlich ist. Es gelten eigene Gesetze – wie beispielsweise das „Zaubereiverbot Minderjähriger“ oder das „Internationale Geheimhaltungsabkommen“, aber auch Gesetze, die Minderheiten wie bspw. Kobolde gezielt diskriminieren. Als Gericht fungiert ein mit Laien besetztes Gremium, der Zaubergamot. Es stellt sich also die Frage: Was sind das für Gesetze, an die sich alle Hexen und Zauberer halten müssen? Welche Besonderheiten gibt es insbesondere im magischen Strafrecht im Vergleich zu unserer Rechtsordnung? Jannina Schäffer begibt sich auf eine fantastische Spurensuche und stellt erstmals das Rechtssystem der Harry-Potter-Welt umfassend dar. Im Rahmen einer rechtsvergleichenden Analyse stellt sie das deutsche Recht dem Recht der Zauberer gegenüber. Dabei bezieht sie auch das historische NS-(Un-)Recht von 1933 bis 1945 in ihre Betrachtung mit ein, denn Parallelen zwischen der Machtergreifung Adolf Hitlers und dem Aufstieg Lord Voldemorts sind in der Literaturwissenschaft allgemein anerkannt. Ein Schwerpunkt des Werks liegt auf dem materiellen und prozessualen Strafrecht sowie der Untersuchung, inwiefern das historische und fiktive (Un-)Recht beiden Diktatoren zur Macht verhalf.
Abfindungsklauseln bei Tod eines Gesellschafters - unter Berücksichtigung der Rechtslage in Österreich
Authors: Nast Dominik
Published: December 2024

Abfindungsklauseln beschäftigen die Vertragspraxis und Gerichte seit jeher in erheblichem Umfang. Dies liegt einerseits an dem Bedürfnis der Gesellschaft, die Liquidität und das betriebsnotwendige Gesellschaftsvermögen zu schützen, andererseits an dem gegensätzlichen Interesse des ausscheidenden Gesellschafters an einer angemessenen Entschädigung. Fehlende rechtliche Vorgaben und Kriterien tragen ebenso zu einem gesteigerten Konfliktpotenzial bei. Die Abfindungssituation im Todesfall bildet in diesem Zusammenhang eine besondere Herausforderung, da Gesellschafts- und Erbrecht kaum aufeinander abgestimmt sind. Das Werk erfasst die Schranken für sog. Abfindungsklauseln auf den Todesfall anhand der einzelnen Nachfolgeregelungen im Personengesellschaftsrecht und GmbH-Recht im Rahmen einer einheitlichen Darstellung. Ausgangspunkt bildet dabei die bestehende Gesetzeslage. Etwaige Neuerungen durch das Gesetz zur Modernisierung des Personengesellschaftsrechts (MoPeG) werden berücksichtigt. Neben den Bedürfnissen des Erblassers wird ein besonderes Augenmerk wird auf die Interessen der Nachlassbeteiligten gerichtet. Insbesondere wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit sich die Rechtsstellung der Erben, Pflichtteilsberechtigten und Nachlassgläubiger durch gesellschaftsvertragliche Regelungen beschneiden lässt. Ein Blick auf die österreichische Rechtslage verspricht dabei einen besonderen Erkenntnisgewinn.
Datenschutz und Vertrag
Authors: König Hendric
Published: December 2024

Die Verarbeitung personenbezogener Daten ist nach Art. 6 Abs. 1 UAbs. 1 lit. b Alt. 1 DSGVO rechtmäßig, wenn sie „für die Erfüllung eines Vertrags, dessen Vertragspartei die betroffene Person ist […] erforderlich [ist]“. Nach Art. 6 Abs. 1 UAbs. 1 lit. b Alt. 2 DSGVO ist die Verarbeitung rechtmäßig, wenn sie „zur Durchführung vorvertraglicher Maßnahmen erforderlich [ist], die auf Anfrage der betroffenen Person erfolgen.“ Die Untersuchung widmet sich der Bestimmung des Anwendungsbereichs dieser Regelungen. Wesentliches Anliegen ist dabei die Systematisierung und Strukturierung des Tatbestands. Entsprechend werden für jedes Tatbestandsmerkmal verschiedene Auslegungsmöglichkeiten dargestellt, diskutiert und bewertet. Ausgangspunkt ist dabei stets das europäische Datenschutzrecht. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden verschiedene praxisrelevante Fragen behandelt. So wird beispielsweise untersucht, welche Rechtsverhältnisse der Vertragsbegriff erfasst und welche Verarbeitungssituationen unter den Begriff der Erfüllung fallen. Ebenso wird ermittelt, was unter einer vorvertraglichen Maßnahme zu verstehen ist und welche Anforderungen an die Anfrage der betroffenen Person zu stellen sind. Einen Schwerpunkt der Arbeit bildet die Auslegung des Kriteriums der Erforderlichkeit. In diesem Zusammenhang wird auch das Verhältnis von Art. 6 Abs. 1 UAbs. 1 lit. b DSGVO zur datenschutzrechtlichen Einwilligung thematisiert.