bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF NGS FOR EVALUATING THE SYMBIOTIC MICROFLORA OF THE REINDEER RUMEN IN THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC
Authors:   OOO ", Ilyina L.A. ,   BIOTROF +", Filippova V.A. ,   OOO "BIOTROF +", Yildirim E.A. ,   OOO "BIOTROF +", Dubrovin A.V. ,   OOO "BIOTROF +", Dunyashev T.P. ,   OOO "BIOTROF +", Sobolev D.V. ,   OOO "BIOTROF +", Layshev K. A. ,   North-West Center for Interdisciplinary Studies of Food Security Problems
Published: November 2020

The method of next generation sequencing (NGS) allows deeply analyze the composi-tion of the microorganisms of the rumen of ruminants. Sampling of the contents of the rumen was carried out in the winter-spring period during the slaughter of reindeer in the territory of the Murmansk region - in the agricultural complex “Tundra” of the Lovozero district. 12 samples of rumen con-tent were taken. Samples of rumen contents intended for molecular genetic studies were frozen immediately after selection at -20 ° C and then placed for long-term storage in a freezer. Total DNA was extracted from the samples using the Genomic DNA Purifica-tion Kit (Fermentas Inc., Lithuania), in ac-cordance with the manufacturer's recommen-dations. The amount of DNA extracted was measured using a Qubit® 2.0 fluorometer (Life Technologies, USA). The extracted total DNA was stored at -20 ° C for further analysis. Evaluation of the bacterial community of the rumen was carried out by NGS sequencing on the next generation sequencing platform MiSeq (Illumina, USA) using primers for 16S rRNA. Sequencing was carried out us-ing reagents for library preparation (Illumina, USA). The processing of the reads (readings of DNA), including overlapping, quality filtra-tion (Q30), and primer trimming, were per-formed using the Illumina bioinformatics platform. Quality control and data analysis was carried out in accordance with the QIIME2 ver.2019.10 program (https://docs.qiime2.org). NGS samples of rumen content of reindeer in the Murmansk region made it possible to describe the bacterial biodiversity patterns of the microbial community of the reindeer rumen and to reveal a number of pathogenic groups of bacteria. Thus, the use of the NGS method for the analysis of the microbial communities of the reindeer rumen is inter-esting for identifying various pathogens and characterizing the digestive system and the health of the animal as a whole.
Analysis of the influence of copper on carbohydrate metabolism in carp
Authors:   St. Petersburg state University of veterinary medicine, Karpenko L. Yu. , Polistovskaya P. A. ,   St. Petersburg state University of veterinary medicine, Balykina A. B. ,   St. Petersburg state University of veterinary medicine
Published: November 2020

The article discusses some aspects of the toxic effects of copper acetate on the body of fish. Heavy metals are highly toxic to aquat-ic organisms due to their ability to accumu-late and transform within the biocenosis of the reservoir. The aim of the study was to study the indicators of carbohydrate metabo-lism in carp after exposure to various con-centrations of copper acetate. The study of the features of carbohydrate metabolism, including the intensity and direction of ex-change can be useful in assessing the re-sponse of fish to toxic effects. During the experiment, 4 groups of fish were formed - 1 control group (10 fish), 3 experimental groups – 10 fish each. Experimental groups of fish were contained in a solution of cop-per acetate (Cu(CH3COO)2) with concentra-tions of 0.01 mg/l, 0.1 mg/l, 1 mg/l (exceeding the MPC of copper for fisheries reservoirs by 10, 100 and 1000 times, re-spectively). Glucose concentration and se-rum amylase activity were studied. Glucose is necessary for supplying energy to various processes occurring inside the body,including reactions to toxic substances. Amylase, however, is an enzyme responsible for catalyzing the breakdown of complex carbohydrates. We found such changes in carbohydrate metabolism in carp as a signifi-cant increase in serum amylase activity by 6.63%, 7.9% and 19.57% when exposed to 10, 100 and 1000 MPC of copper, respec-tively, as well as a significant increase in glucose concentration by 8.54%, 20.28% and 29.7% when exposed to 10, 100 and 1000 MPC of copper, respectively, compared to the control group.
The dynamics of cellular factors of the im-mune system of healthy minks, experimentally infected with eimeriidosis, under specific therapy
Authors:   FSBEI HE ", Kuznetsov Y. E. ,   St. Petersburg State Academy of Veterinary Medicine", Kuznetsova N.V. ,   FSBEI HE "St. Petersburg State Academy of Veterinary Medicine"
Published: November 2020

The immune response in animals and hu-mans is a biological defense mechanism against negative environmental factors. The immune system is a complex of organs and cells of the body, that reacts (protects) against foreign objects-protozoas and hel-minths. The aim of the study was to investi-gate the dynamics of cellular factors of the immune system of healthy minks, experi-mentally invaded with eimeriidosis against the background of specific immunocorrec-tive therapy. To study the dynamics of T-lymphocytes in the blood of animals, being at the specific immunocorrective therapy, a single-center prospective blind randomized comparative study was conducted in parallel groups. At the initial stage of the study, 56 male minks were isolated from the general population. The first group of clinically healthy animals was the control group. From the second to the sixth groups, animals were spontaneously infected with eimerias and isospores. Animals from the third and fifth groups were treated with coccidiostatic "Stop-coccid". Mink of the 4th and 6th groups received the drug "Ametherm 5%". Minks in the 5th and 6th groups after treat-ment with coccidiostatic were adninistered an immunomodulatory drug of plant origin "Phytodoc-immunostim". The 7th group served as an additional control and received a placebo-water with starch. Thus, the analy-sis of the results of the clinical study showed that the use of specific and immunocorrec-tive therapy has a positive effect on the dy-namics of T-lymphocyte levels in the blood of animals with eimeriidosis. In group 3, where infected minks were treated with "Stop-coccid", the level of T-lymphocytes increased by 35.8% to 41.1%; in the 4th group (administered "Ametherm 5%") the level of T-lymphocytes rose from 35.2% to 42.3%; in the 5th group (administered “Stop-coccid” and immunomodulator) the level of T-lymphocytes changed from 36.5% to 43,0% in the 6-th experimental group (treated "Ametherm 5%" and immunomodu-lator) the level of T-lymphocyte growth from 38.6% to 43.9 per cent.
Clinical trials of the drug in pigs with my-coplasmosis
Authors:   FSBEI HE St. Petersburg SUVM, Tokareva O.A. , Tokarev A.N. ,   FSBEI HE St. Petersburg SUVM, Engashev S.V. ,   RDC Agrovetzashchita, Engasheva E.S. ,   RDC Agrovetzashchita, Musin A.R. ,   LLC Agro-holding Pulkovsky, Vasil’eva N.S. ,   LLC Agro-holding Pulkovsky
Published: November 2020

The purpose of our research was to study the effectiveness of the antibiotic based on doxycycline and tylosin in pigs with myco-plasmosis. For this 3 groups of 50 piglets of the growing group with a pre-established diagnosis mycoplasmosis were formed. The drug Doctil was tested in powder form. One gram of the preparation contains 100 mg of doxycycline hydrochloride and 100 mg of tylosin tartrate as active substances. The studied drug was administered orally according to the technical specifications of the manufacturer at a dose of 1 g per 1 liter of water for drinking which corresponds to 100 mg of the drug (10 mg of doxycycline and 10 mg of tylosin) per 1 kg of animal body weight once a day. For animals of the first group the drug was administered for 3 days, for animals of the second group the drug was administered for 5 days. Animals of the 3rd group served as a control - they were orally administered a third-party drug based on doxycycline according to the in-structions at a dose of 10 mg / kg doxycy-cline once a day for 5 days. Diagnosis of mycoplasmosis was performed before the start of the experiments and also after 10 and 30 days after the end. As a result of research the following conclusion can be made. The use of an antibiotic based on doxycycline and tylosin at a dose of 10 mg / kg for each active substance once a day for 5 days is the most effective way to treat piglets suffering from mycoplasmosis as evidenced by the negative results of the polymerase chain reaction to mycoplasmo-sis in all piglets of the second experimental groups 30 days after the end of the study.
EPISOOTIC SITUATION ON HEL-MINTHIASIS OF HORSES IN PRIVATE FARMS OF THE LENINGRAD REGION
Authors:   FGBU “St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine”, Gavrilova N. A. , Belova L. M. ,   FGBU “St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine”, Loginova O. A. ,   FGBU “St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine”, Roberman M.G. ,   FGBU “St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine”, Sitnikova R. S. ,   FGBU “St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine”
Published: November 2020

To study the spread of helminth infections and diagnosis of the helminth fauna in pri-vate horse breeding farms of the Leningrad Region, feces were survey studied from foals for a year, animals aged 1 year to 3 years, 3 years to 6 years old, 6 to 10 years old and over 10 years old. Gastrointestinal nematodoses were diagnosed using Dar-ling`s method with advanced flotation fluid, culturing larvae by the method of Petrov& Gagarin, and using microscopy of contents from perianal area.The dominance of gastro-intestinal strongylides in horses of all age groups has been found. Yearlings are infest-ed with trichonemas by 94.1%.Aling with age increasing, the intensity of invasion (II) is slightly reduced. In horses older than 10 years, the prevalence rate of trichonemic infection is 63.9%. Strongyloidosis was de-tected in 70.5% of foals up to a year old.At the age of one to 3 years, a slight decline in II is observed, but when reaching 3 years and further, with increasing age, II gradually increases. Horses from 3 to 6 years of age (II = 80.0%) are more infected with parascaris-es. Yearlings are infested with parascarises by 56.2%, and in horses older than 10 years, II is 30.7%.Horses are less infested with ox-yurises compared to other nematodes.The lowest levels of II by oxyurosis (23.5%) were found in yearlings, and most of all ani-mals were invaded at the age of 6 to 10 years (II = 50.0%).It should be noted that helminth fauna is formed by nematodes, which are geohelminths in the terms of their develop-mental biology.Perhaps there is a correlation between the invasion of horses of all age groups and the characteristics of keeping animals in small private farms.
EPIZOOTIC PROCESS OF ECHINO-COCCOSIS AT SHEEP AND CATTLE IN TAJIKISTAN REGIONE
Authors:   FGBU “ Moscow State Acdemy of Veterinary medicine”, Engashev S.V. , Shodmonov I. ,   “Tadjik State Agrarian University”
Published: November 2020

In different countries of the world, including the Russian Federation, echinococ- cosis has been found in many species of agricultural and wild animals. In the arti-cle are disrcibed survey facts on features of epizootic process, aspects of a natural outbreak of echinococcosis of animals in the different countries, and results of study-ing of contamination Echinococcus granu-losus (larvae) of sheep and cattle in the Re-public of Tajikistan. According to the results of studies of cattle and sheep, echinococcosis and its mixed forms with other helminthoses are widespread in the Republic of Tajikistan, in some cases with complications of bacterial and viral infections.Depending on the natu-ral-geographical zone of the Republic of Tajikistan, the causative agent of echinococ-cosis circulates in the following parts of the epizootic chain: "cattle - dogs", "sheep - dogs", "sheep - dogs - rodents", "sheep - wild carnivorous Canidae families - synan-thropic rodents". For a clearer picture of the epizootic situation of echinococcosis in the farms of various regions of the Republic of Tajikistan, a statistical analysis for 2005 - 2015 of the results of the post-mortem veter-inary sanitary examination of cadavers and organs of sheep and cattle was carried out.The article presents facts on basis of epizootic and epidemic situation of echino-coccosis is retrospective monitoring of inci-dence, diving the data of post slaughter vet-erinary and sanitary examination of hulks and bodies of animals, carried out at the meat-processing enterprises, and statistics on cases of surgical treatment of a cystic echinococcosis in animals. Analysed de-tailed information on epizootic and epidem-ic process of echinococcosis are used when holding complex preventive, veterinary and sanitary and improving mesures in livestock farms, and settlements of the Republic of Tajikistan.
Practical value of food bait «Fliblok gran-ules» in order to reduce the number of zoo-philic flies at the pig farms
Authors:   Moscow State Acad-emy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotech-nology – MVA named after K.I. Scrjabin", Engashev S.V. , Vasilevich F. I. ,   "Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-technology – MVA named after K.I. Scrjabin", Novak M.D. ,   "Ryazan State Medical University named after I.P. Pavlov", Engasheva E.S. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology - branch of the FSBI FNC VIIV RAS
Published: November 2020

Bestial flies are widely spred at various types of livestock enterprises (dairy farms, fattening farms, pig farms, sheep farms, stud farms, poultry farms) of the Russian Federa-tion; they are mechanical and biological carriers of many pathogens of infectious and invasive diseases, can cause anemia and stress in productive farm animals and young animals. The economic damage from infec-tious and parasitic diseases, the causative agents of which carry licking and blood-sucking flies, as well as from a decrease in productivity due to stress, is measured in hundreds of millions of rubles a year. In addition, high costs are required for veteri-nary, anti-epizootic and recreational activi-ties. We conducted a test to study the effective-ness of the Flyblock® food pellet bait (organization-developer of NEC Agrovet-zashchita LLC), an insecticidal and attract-ant measurement during the period of the maximum number of bestial flies on a pig farm.The food bait was tested from the sec-ond half of summer until the end of Septem-ber in three commercial pig farms of the Ryazan Region: 50 x 12 m - experimental, 5 x 12 m - control № 1 (fodder kitchen), 50 x 12 m - control № 2. In the experimental room, the Flyblock® drug granules were distributed by the rate of 5 g per 5 m2 in cardboard containers 12 x 8 cm in size with 4 cm high side walls in plac-es not accessible to animals - window open-ings. The Flyblock® pellet food bait was placed once with regular monitoring (starting from the first day and for 2.5 months) of its effectiveness against bestial flies with the obligatory re-moval of dead flies. Studies have showed the high efficiency of Flyblock® food pellets against bestial flies. The effectiveness of the the drug against licking and bloodsucking flies when keeping pigs for fattening in the premises of a com-mercial pig farm is in almost all cases of research more than 95%.
Non-specific protection of the body of la-boratory rats under the influence of experimental hypoxia
Authors:   FGBU “SPbGUVM”, Alistratova F.I.
Published: November 2020

To date, the search for the most informa-tive and simple methods for diagnose of adaptive capabilities is an urgent problem of veterinary medicine and adaptive physiolo-gy. The direction of the animal body's re-sponse to the hypoxic factor has not been sufficiently studied. Objective: the analyze of the dynamics of changes of the main indi-cators in the leukogram under the influence of hypoxia, as well as the study of the role of leukocyte, indices the analysis of the level of resistance in rats. The animals were divided into two groups: in the first case, the animals were injected with cytoflavin at a dose of 135 mg/kg before the hypoxia ses-sion, and in the second case, saline was ad-ministered at an equivalent dose. The blood test was performed on a hematological auto-matic analyzer, and the clinical parameters of peripheral blood were determined. Mathe-matically, the leukogram was used to deter-mine: the white blood cell shift index (ISLC), the lymphocyte-monocyte ratio in-dex (ISLM), and the lymphocyte-granulocyte index (ILG). The results of the study showed that the course of hypoxia contributes to a number of changes in the blood composition, for 21 days. There was an increase in the number of white blood cells in both groups, a change in the parame-ters of the leukocyte formula-a decrease in the content of lymphocytes, with a simulta-neous increase in the proportion of mono-cytes. The use of interval hypoxia caused a decrease in the content of red blood cells in animals of the first group, a decrease in the concentration of hemoglobin and hematocrit in both groups studied. The number of plate-lets increased, which also indicates the start of adaptive reactions in the body of rats. The use of leukocyte indices is the assess to the level of resistance of the body and showed their high significance and informa-tive value in modeling experimental hypoxia.
CHANGE IN BLOOD HEMATOLOGI-CAL PARAMETERS IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC COURSE OF BABESIOSIS IN DOGS
Authors:   «Stavropol State Agrarian University», Chervyakov D.E. , Lutsuk S.N. ,   «Stavropol State Agrarian University», Dilekova O.V. ,   «Stavropol State Agrarian University», Proskurin D.A. ,   «Stavropol State Agrarian University»
Published: November 2020

Currently, on the territory of the North Cau-casus Federal District, namely in the city of Stav-ropol, according to unofficial data, there are about 250 thousand domestic animals, including about 80 thousand dogs. Infection with invasive diseases accounts for 31-33% of the total number of diseases, which include blood-parasitic diseas-es, in the amount of 9-11 cases per 100 head. Invasion of Babesia canis varies depending on the season and averages 4% of the total number of diseases. In this regard, hematological parame-ters have been studied in acute and chronic course of babesiosis in dogs. As a result, it was revealed that in acute and chronic course there is a decrease in the number of eryth-rocytes to 4.756 ± 0.3149 * 1012 / l, which is lower than the reference values by 13.5%, and to 5.344 ± 0.781 * 1012 / l, which is lower by 2 , 8% respectively. There is also a decrease in hemoglobin in the acute course to 113.4 ± 7.567 g / l, or 5.5%, in the chronic course this hemato-logical indicator is within the reference values. A decrease in hematocrit is ob-served in both courses of babesiosis and amounts to 0.3252 ± 0.01925 l / l, which is 12.1% lower than the reference values in acute and up to 0.3496 ± 0.04137 l / l, or 5, 5% for chronic. Also, in the acute course of this disease, there is a decrease in leukocytes to 5.487 ± 0.4701 * 109 / l, which is 8.5% lower than the reference values. We paid special attention to the manifested changes in platelet counts, and re-vealed significant thrombocytopenia, in which there is a decrease in the number of platelets to 26.67 ± 2.8 * 109 / l, or 86.6%, as well as thrombocyte to 0.01973 ± 0.005502 cells / l, which is 90.1% lower than the reference values in acute course. And also in chronic cases, a decrease in platelets to 116.8 ± 10.97 * 109 / l, or 41.6%, and thrombocrit to 0.068 ± 0.01794 cells / l, or 66%, re-spectively, was revealed.
Identification of Pasteurella multocida by polymerase chain reaction
Authors:   ", Seminа A.N. ,   All Russian Research Veterinary Institute of Poultry Science",   - Branch FNTS ",   VNITIP",   RAS (VNIVIP)
Published: November 2020

Pasteurellosis having a fairly wide distri-bution can be a reason that hinders the suc-cessful development of poultry farming. The causes and conditions for the occurrence of this disease in farms are often not specific. Pasteurella multocida can manifest itself from an extremely weakened Pasteurella carrier to a highly virulent pathogen. A sick bird is a hidden carrier of this disease and is subject to further culling. All this ultimately leads to significant economic losses. Rapid and reliable detection of this patho-gen will reduce or completely prevent eco-nomic losses. The clinical manifestation of the disease in the form of a lightning course causes difficulties in its lifetime diagnosis. The aim of our work was to develop unique samples of oligonucleotide sequences of primers specific to the pathogen P. multo-cida. The proposed method will provide de-tection of Pasteurella multocida within 3-4 hours, as well as rapid and highly specific determination of the type of this bacterium. After analyzing the Pasteurella multo-cida genome, we selected a region of the ptfA gene for the construction of oligonu-cleotides. A pair of primers were selected for PCR: Pm0567 and Pm1321. Gene se-quences were aligned by selecting similar ones in absolutely all the studied Pasteurel-la multocida isolates. Using special com-puter programs, the specificity of the select-ed primers was evaluated. A search in the sequence database revealed 100% homolo-gy of the selected primers with only homol-ogous sequences in the Pasteurella multo-cida genome. The study of samples contain-ing pathologic agents of bacterial nature by PCR confirmed the specificity of the select-ed primers. Positive results were obtained only with samples containing Pasteurella multocida. Thus, the selected primers can be proposed for the study of samples of different compositions to identify the ge-nome of Pasteurella multocida.
STATE OF HUMORAL DEFENSE MECHANISMS IN PIGLETS OF DIF-FERENT AGE GROUPS UNDER NON-SPECIFIC BRONCHOPNEUMONIA
Authors:   St. Petersburg state university of veterinary medicine, Kryachko O. V. , Shafiev A.P. ,   St. Petersburg state university of veterinary medicine, Lukoyanova L.A. ,   St. Petersburg state university of veterinary medicine
Published: November 2020

Respiratory diseases in pigs are wide-spread. They cause great economic damage to farms, it is summed up both from the cull-ing and death of animals in different age periods, and from a decrease in weight gain against the background of chronic hypoxia. The incidence of non-specific bronchopneu-monia in pigs in some farms can reach 80%. Violation of zoohygienic conditions of de-tention contributes to morbidity. The aim of the study was to study the state of some indicators of the innate and adaptive immune response in non - specific pneumonia in sick piglets and healthy piglets of different age groups-suckling piglets, pig-lets of rearing and fattening groups kept in a large pig complex. As a result of research, it was found that all piglets with bronchopneumonia have a violation of the protective mechanisms of the innate and adaptive immune links. During all periods of the study, impaired antibody synthesis was observed. The humoral mechanisms of innate im-munity were significantly weakened. In our opinion, it is the defect of humoral innate mechanisms that can contribute to the occur-rence and maintenance of the inflammatory process in the lungs.
DETERMINATION OF THE LEVEL OF SPECIFIC IMMUNOGLOBULIN E IN THE BLOOD OF CATS WITH OB-STRUCTIVE BRONCHITIS WITH AN ALLER GENIC COMPONENT
Authors:   FGBU “Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine”, Sabirzyanova L.I. , Kryukova V.V. ,   FGBU “Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine”
Published: November 2020

The article presents the results of blood testing of cats with obstructive bronchitis for specific immunoglobulin E in order to confirm the allergic etiology of the disease. The study involved 16 animals, of which an increased level of specific IgE was detected in 12 animals, 1 cat had uncertaine result, and only 3 animals showed a level within the physiological norm. Comparing the ob-tained results with the data of allergic skin intradermal testing, it can be seen that the largest number of registered allergic reac-tions is associated with a high level of spe-cific immunoglobulin E in the blood serum of animals, immunized by antigens, coming from the environment. That is, the antigens of house dust mites, especially mites of the genus Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus. Thus, the proportion of animals that had an allergic reaction to these ticks was 56.3 %. We ob-served slightly lower allergenicity for ticks of the genus Tugorhadis putrescentiae (37.5 %), Acarus siro (37.5%). Less than 7 % of allergic reactions were observed to antigens of herbs, in particular, meadow thymothy (phelum pretense), white Marion (Chenopodium album L.) and plantain ma-jor (Plantago major). There was no immu-nological reaction to plant components: hazel (Corylus), common wormwood (Artemisia vulgaris). The results obtained using enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) were highly common with the results obtained during intra-dermal allergen testing. We can conclude that determining the level of IgE immunoglobulin in the blood of cats with signs of OB is an objective diagnostic criterion for confirming the allergic nature of obstructive bronchitis in cats.
FUMIYOD” PRODUCTS TESTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF ANIMALS WITH RESPIRATORY DISEASES
Authors:   St. Petersburg state university of veterinary medicine, Kuzmin V.A. , Fogel L.S. , Sukhinin A.A. , Makavchik S.A. , Smirnova L.I. ,   St. Petersburg state university of veterinary medicine, Orekhov D.A. ,   St. Petersburg state university of veterinary medicine
Published: November 2020

The involvement of various associations of bacterial and viral nature in the infectious and pathological processes creates difficul-ties in the early diagnosis of infectiones, including respiratory diseases, that dramati-cally reduces the effectiveness of preventive and therapeutic measures. Therefore, at pre-sent, the most justified way to increase the effectiveness of antiepizootic measures is to find modern disinfectants with a wide spec-trum of antimicrobial activity. The purpose of the work is to conduct assay of the “Fumiyod” drug in the form of fumigation aerosols at the conditions of farms in the Leningrad Region, for the treatment of young cattle and pigs with symptoms of infectious respiratory diseases. The diagno-sis of respiratory diseases, including bron-chopneumonia, infectious rhinotracheitis, rhinitis was set comprehensively in calves aged 5-6 months and repair young pigs aged 4-5 months. Tested samples of iodine-containing checkers (Fumiyod preparation) were sublimated at exposition for 3 hours. According to the literature and the results of previous in-house production tests, iodine vapor at a concentration of about 0.02 g / m3 has a fairly high bactericidal activity. The therapeutic efficacy from the use of the “Fumiyod” drug in the form of fumigation aerosols for calves and repair pigs was about 90%. Recovery of young animals from res-piratory diseases (by the disappearance of symptoms) in the experimental groups after 4 times of use of iodine inhalations of the “Fumiyod” drug (every other day, once a day), within the bactericidal concentration of iodine vapor 0.02 g / m3, with an exposure of 1 hour, occurred 2 days earlier than in the control group with the useof the antibiotic oxytetracycline at a dose of 30-40 thousand units / kg of body weight per day for 10-12 days. The use of iodine checkers did not negatively affect the health status of calves and piglets in the experimental groups, and did not cause complications in animals.
VETERINARY HYGIENIC EXAMI-NATION OF THE QUALITY OF CHICKENS EGGS WHEN USING THE FOOD ADDITIVE “PRINAROVSKAYA”
Authors:   St. Petersburg state university of veterinary medicine, Belorusskaya E.M. , Kuznetsov A.F. ,   St. Petersburg state university of veterinary medicine, Nechaev A.J. ,   St. Petersburg state university of veterinary medicine, Ivanova I.V. ,   St. Petersburg state university of veterinary medicine
Published: November 2020

The aim of the studies was to conduct a veterinary-hygienic assessment of changes in the eggs productivity of laying hens, after the use of the “Prinarovskaya supplement of fish (DKR)” in their main diet, which is a homogeneous dry mass made from chilled river fish, by-products of fish processings, as well as grain products (wheat bran). The method of production of the additive in-cludes the following steps: grinding, cavita-tion heating and subsequent drying of the resulting mixture. The studied supplement contains a number of amino acids, vitamins and minerals, etc. The object of the study were laying hens of the LomannLsn-Classic breed at the age of 131 days. “Prinarovskaya DKR” were introduced into the diet of ex-perimental laying hens: of the 1st experi-mental group 8 g of “Prinarovskaya DKR” were introduced per 100 g of the main ration (RR); The 2nd experimental group - 6 g. DKR to main ration; 3rd experimental group - 4 g. DKR to main ration; the control group was fed only main ration - feed PK1-1G_1227 (GOST: R 51851-2001). A veteri-nary-hygienic assessment of the quality of eggs, obtained from laying hens, when feed-ing a new feed additive “Prinarovskaya” was carried out. We kept daily records of laid eggs by groups, the period of the beginning of oviposition. The egg production were calculated of the initial and middle laying hens , the egg production intensity for 120 days. To assess egg productivity, the weight of laid eggs, the egg mass for a certain peri-od of egg laying, and the feed costs per 10 laid eggs were determined. Organoleptic, physical, and chemical methods were used to evaluate egg quality. Egg mass is an important indicator of egg nutrition. GOST 31654-2012 "Food eggs. Technical conditions ”, as well as the requirements for chicken hatching eggs, the minimum weight of food and hatching eggs (45 g) is indicated, below which the imple-mentation and incubation of eggs is not rec-ommended [1]. In studies, the following indicators were taken into account: large and small diameter of eggs, egg density, egg shape index of laying hens of different groups. To assess the state of the internal contents of the egg after opening, the follow-ing indicators were taken into account: pro-tein mass, yolk mass, shell mass, egg vol-ume. An external examination of the eggs as-sessed the condition of the shell, the pres-ence of cracks, growths and depressions. The study indicates a positive effect of the feed additive "Prinarovskaya" on the egg produc-tivity of birds in all periods of egg laying
Evaluation of the influence of the "Karofertin" and "Gemobalans" on he-matological status of the donors and recipients of embryos
Authors:   “Saint-Petersburg state university of veterinary medicine”, Plahova A. I. , Plemashov K. V. ,   “Saint-Petersburg state university of veterinary medicine”
Published: November 2020

These studies reflect the results of the effectiveness of the use of drugs "Karofertin" and "Hemobalance" in prepar-ing cows for embryo transplantation. Studies on cows used the Holstein breed. At the same time, three experimental groups were formed, through which the drugs "Karofertin" and "Hemobalance" are admin-istered both as mono therapy and in combi-nation. The formulations were not adminis-tered to the control group. The aim was to evaluate these drugs for studies of the hema-tological status of animals that are used as donors and recipients of embryos, as one of the main criteria presented for embryo trans-plantation - this is their physiological status, especially from the reproductive system, as well as from other organs and systems. ... In this regard, the task was set - to assess the dynamics of the morphological composition of blood and leukogram in experimental animals. The study will also use the biochem-ical parameters of serum in cows when using "Carofertin" and "Hemobalance", and the concen-tration of gonadal hormones in the administration of these drugs. Thus, the studied drugs were ad-ministered by stabilizing the state of animals, in particular from the reproductive system, and the dynamics of their hematological status was as-sessed. Carofertin contains synthetic beta caro-tene, which is a provitamin A, participates in many processes in the body and is directly involved in the metabolism of steroid hor-mones, folliculogenesis, the formation of the corpus luteum, etc. Hemobalance is a multi-vitamin complex preparation containing ami-no acids, due to which optimizes metabolic processes in the body (protein, vitamin and mineral). During the experiment, a positive effect on the preparations and systems of experi-mental animals was found, but the best result was achieved with the combined administra-tion of "Carofertin" and "Hemobalance", during the experiment, a significant increase in hemoglobin by 27.2% was noted, an in-crease in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate by 1, 8 times and other indicators.
Fixation of proximal humerus fracture in adult by locking plate: Clinical study
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Orthopedics, Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Science, Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat, India, Patel Dr. Vivek Amritbhai , Pushkarna Dr. Vishal A. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedics, Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Science, Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat, India, Patel Dr. Dhruvin J. ,   Post-Graduate Student, Department of Orthopedics, Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Science, Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat, India
Published: November 2020

p>Aim: The present study aimed to examine the functional outcome of the locking plate in theproximal humerus fracture treatment. Material and Methods: The study consists of 20 patientsdiagnosed with NEER’s 2 – part, 3- part, and 4 – part proximal humerus fracture. All the includedpatients were treated with internal locking plates. Based on the functional evaluation by Constant-Murley shoulder score and the assessment of radiological union foundation. Results: Excellentresults were obtained in 45% of the patients, a good result was seen in 25%, 20% of the patientshad fair results and the poor result was seen in 10% of the patients. The mean Constant-Murleyshoulder score that was obtained in the present study was 75.04. Conclusion: It’s concluded thatthere is a satisfactory functional outcome with the fixation of the proximal humerus fracture withlocking plates. While using the plate fixation for fracture the plate position is of the utmostimportance. Due to angular stability, the locking plates are the advantageous implants in case ofproximal humeral fracture.
DETERMINAÇÃO DO TEOR DE COMPOSTOS FENÓLICOS E ATIVIDADE ANTIOXIDANTE DA CAJUÍNA E DO MEL PRODUZIDOS NO ESTADO DO PIAUÍ - BRASIL
Authors: Sousa Ana Virgínia Brandão de , Rodrigues  Júnior Francisco das Chagas , Santos Gleyson Moura dos , Moreira-Araújo Regilda Saraiva do Reis , Porto Rayssa Gabriela Costa Lima
Published: November 2020

Atualmente, diversas propriedades bioativas de alimentos vegetais têm sido atribuídas aos compostos fenólicos, presentes na composição destes. Desta forma, considerando os aspectos de qualidade composicional e bioativos da cajuína e do mel, além do fato destes serem produtos naturais bastante consumidos no estado do Piauí, este estudo objetivou analisar o teor de compostos fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante do mel e da cajuína produzidos no estado do Piauí. Os produtos analisados foram adquiridos no mercado consumidor da cidade de Teresina-PI. Foram utilizadas três marcas e dois diferentes lotes, mantidas lacradas e em temperatura ambiente até o momento das análises. Analisou-se em triplicata as características físico-químicas (pH, sólidos solúveis e acidez), o teor de fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante. Para análise estatística, foi criado um banco de dados no SPSS, versão 17.0. Os resultados foram efetuados em triplicata e apresentados em tabelas com as respectivas médias e desvios-padrão de cada variável estudada. Realizou-se a Análise de Variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste t de Tukey para determinação da diferença significativa entre as médias ao nível de 5% de significância. Os resultados demonstraram que todas as cajuínas e méis avaliados possuem características físico-químicas em conformidade com o preconizado pela legislação vigente referente ao controle de qualidade. E ambos os produtos apresentaram teor de compostos fenólicos e atividade antioxidantes significativos. Assim ressalta-se a importância do desenvolvimento de pesquisas complementares objetivando a quantificação e identificação desses compostos fenólicos por cromatografia, tendo em vista que cada composto desempenha uma função específica no organismo.
Phenomenology of Exclusion: Capturing the Everyday Thresholds of Belonging
Authors: Lems Annika
Published: November 2020

In this article I critically interrogate the ways researchers produce knowledge about the making and unmaking of borders. I do so by focusing on social processes of boundary-drawing that have dramatically intensified since the 2015 summer of displacements in Europe. I think through some of the methodological possibilities and conundrums that arise if we try to make visible the unarticulated social conventions underlying the everyday thresholds of belonging that determine who is permitted in, and who has to remain outside, the affective socio-political space of societies. By drawing on my own research experiences, I show why methodologies aimed at lending marginalized people a voice often fail to capture the voiceless, silent nature of these boundary-drawing practices. I suggest that in order to bring the invisible barbed wires permeating societies into the open, we need to develop phenomenologies of everyday exclusionary practices, or ‘cultures of unwelcome.’ Through my ethnographic encounters with marginalized refugee youth and individuals who believe that the influx of refugees is a threat to their values and ways of life, I argue for more nuanced research methodologies that allow us to better capture the everyday social processes underlying acts of boundary-drawing. I suggest that approaching border work as an intersubjective, worldly phenomenon involves paying attention to the experiences of individuals who find themselves pushed to the margins of society, and to those who actively participate in keeping people and groups marked as other locked out.
(Re)Searching with Imperial Eyes: Collective Self-Inquiry as a Tool for Transformative Migration Studies
Authors: Bass Madeline J. , Córdoba Daniel , Teunissen Peter
Published: November 2020

Migration scholars, and the universities and institutions who fund them, at times neglect to address the ways in which the traces of the imperial past, and references to the ‘post’ colonial serve to obfuscate and legitimize discriminatory practices in their work. The ‘imperial eyes’ of the academy set the terms and limitations on interactions, locations, and relationality in research, reducing the agency of migrants, producing stratified configurations in the positionality of both migrants and researchers and, subsequently, exacerbating dynamics of exclusion and extraction. As early-stage researchers, we see a critical need for an approach to migration studies which undermines the ongoing impact of colonialism and the normativity of institutionalized, hierarchical narratives that haunt academia. Our research builds on the work of scholars who write about the autonomy of migration, liberation theorists, and critical Indigenous perspectives, but our positions are also influenced by those on the ‘frontlines’ resisting various manifestations of violence and exclusion. In this article, using an interdisciplinary model, we propose the notion of collective self-inquiry to critically question and inquire into our own methods and approaches and provide a set of methodological tools that can be applied by other researchers within and outside of the university. These tools invite us to work collectively and look more critically at the b/ordering of movement(s) across former empires, thus helping us navigate towards the undercommons, a place where the liberatory potential of the academy can be realized.
Method as Border: Tuning in to the Cacophony of Academic Backstages of Migration, Mobility and Border Studies
Authors: Aparna Kolar , Schapendonk Joris , Merlín-Escorza Cesar
Published: November 2020

This thematic issue is a collection of articles reflecting on methods as border devices of hierarchical inclusion spanning migration, mobility and border studies. It maps some key concerns and responses emerging from what we call academic backstages of migration, mobility and border research by younger academics. These concerns are around (dis)entangling positions beyond Us/Them (i.e. researcher/researched), delinking from the spectacle of migration and deviating from the categories of migration apparatuses. While these concerns are not new in themselves the articles however situate these broader concerns shaping migration, mobility and border studies within specific contexts, dilemmas, choices, doubts, tactics and unresolved paradoxes of doing fieldwork. The aim of this thematic issue is not to prescribe “best methods” but in fact to make space for un-masking practices of methods as unfinished processes that are politically and ethically charged, while nevertheless shedding light in (re)new(ed) directions urgent for migration, mobility and border studies. Such an ambition is inevitably partial and situated, rather than comprehensive and all-encompassing. The majority of the contributions then enact and suggest different modes of reflexivity, ranging from reflexive inversion, critical complicity, collective self-inquiry, and reflexive ethnography of emotions, while other contributions elaborate shifts in research questions and processes based on failures, and doubts emerging during fieldwork. We invite the readers to then read the contributions against one another as a practice of attuning to what we call a ‘cacophony of academic backstages,’ or in other words, to the ways in which methods are never settled while calling attention to the politics of knowledge production unfolding in everyday fieldwork practices.
Art & the Country House
Authors:   Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art, Postle Martin
Published: November 2020

Art & the Country House, launched in autumn 2020, is an online publication edited by Martin Postle, Deputy Director for Grants and Publications at the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art. Published in the year of the fiftieth anniversary of the Paul Mellon Centre, Art & the Country House underlines the Centre’s long-term commitment to country house studies. Focused specifically on the collection and display of works of art in the country house in Britain from the sixteenth century to the present day, it contains eight case studies: Castle Howard, Doddington Hall, Mells Manor, Mount Stuart, Petworth House, Raynham Hall, Trewithen and West Wycombe. Each house has been carefully selected so as to ensure a broad range of research topics and to provide an appropriately varied set of examples, in terms of geographical location, scale, patterns of ownership, chronologies, collections and displays.
Immediate effects of manual lymphatic drainage in healthy women
Authors: Alves Beatriz Landin , Tacani Rogério Eduardo , Júnior Nelson Carvas , Masson Igor Fagioli Bordello , Farcic Thiago Saikali , Machado Aline Fernanda Perez
Published: November 2020

Background: Manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) is a technique widely used in clinical practice to favor the absorption and transport ofinterstitial fluid and macromolecules through the lymphatic system. Usually, MLD is indicated as a way of treating edema andlymphedema of different etiologies. Objective: Analyze the immediate effects of manual lymphatic drainage on the volume andsensation of the lower limbs of healthy women. Methods: The sample consisted of 40 healthy women aged between 18 and 44 years,sedentary and with body mass index between 18,5 - 29,9 Kg/m2. They were bilaterally submitted to a single MLD session on the lowerlimbs. The evaluation of the volume of the lower limbs was made by perimetry and the sensation in the lower limbs was determinedthrough a questionnaire prepared by the authors of this study. Results: It was observed that there was no statistically significantdifference in the perimetry of the lower limbs (p ≥ 0.05), however a decrease was reported in the “sensation of weight” in the lower limbsand in the “tiredness to walk”. Conclusion: Manual lymphatic drainage did not decrease the volume, but it did improve the feeling ofheaviness and tiredness to walk providing a feeling of lightness in the lower limbs
La Unión Europea a la luz de la historia: un balance setenta años después (1950-2020)
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Guillermo Á.
Published: November 2020

Setenta años después de la «Declaración» de Robert Schuman del 9 de Mayo de 1950 que ponía en marcha de forma fehaciente el proceso de integración europea, parece un momento muy adecuado para presentar un balance del mismo a la luz de la historia. Así las cosas, por lo que se refiere a dicho proceso, fundamentado en la paz entre los europeos, el bienestar socioeconómico de los pueblos y el buen gobierno democrático, después del Brexit ya no se puede seguir manteniendo su carácter de «irreversible»; al mismo tiempo, tanto desde ciertos sectores de la academia, como desde la política y los medios de comunicación, los euroescépticos, por no mencionar a los más claramente antieuropeístas, y en relación con la incertidumbre en la que parece estar la Unión Europea han comenzado a plantear sus dudas sobre la propia vigencia del proyecto de integración. Ante dichos planteamientos, y en función del balance positivo que, según el sentir todavía mayoritario se puede presentar setenta años después, se sostiene, parafraseando a los ilustrados, que si la Unión Europea no existiera habría que inventarla.
La niebla constitucional de la corona. Las ceremonias políticas de la monarquía en la construcción del Estado-nación español (1808-1868)
Authors: San Narciso Martin David
Published: November 2020

El liberalismo español concedió mucha importancia a la ritualidad política. Era necesario representar públicamente sus principios, sus valores constitutivos y su orden sociopolítico, condensándolo en un sistema simbólico complejo. En una época dominada por las formas de gobierno monárquicas, este proyecto ritual liberal se elaboró en diálogo con las ceremonias monárquicas, integradas en una longeva tradición cultural. Esto hizo que se produjera un continuo trasvase entre ambas formas rituales y sus significados políticos. Este artículo analiza los intentos por conciliar simbólica y ritualmente los dos principales sujetos soberanos del siglo XIX –la monarquía y la nación– mediante las ceremonias políticas que llevaba a la Corona a la sede de la representación nacional: la apertura/clausura de Cortes y la jura de la Constitución. El proceso no fue monolítico, sino que sufrió intensos cambios en función a los contextos y el reparto de papeles. Entre 1808 y 1837 se sucederán en España tres modelos ceremoniales asociados a tres sistemas políticos, enfatizando el complejo proceso de adaptación de la monarquía al liberalismo. Establecido el modelo definitivamente en 1837, comenzó entonces un intenso combate por sus usos y significados. Estos rituales llevaron a los gobiernos a instrumentalizar a la Corona, haciéndola descender al combate político alejado de aquella reclusión moderadora teorizada. Pero igualmente, se convirtieron en espacios de protesta y discusión pública. Tras estas ceremonias se evidencia la lucha por el control del espacio público y la legitimación política donde los silencios, las aclamaciones y los vítores se erigen en armas políticas.