bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Efisiensi dan Daya Saing Komoditas pada Sistem Usahatani Integrasi Jagung-Sapi di Kabupaten Kupang
Authors: Marjaya Siviardus
Published: December 2016

Sistem usahatani integrasi jagung-sapi sangat menentukan keberhasilan produk yang bisa bersaing dipasar, sekaligus membuka peluang kesempatan kerja dan memberikan pendapatan bagi petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi, pendapatan, efisiensi dan daya saing sistem usahatani integrasi jagung-sapi di Kabupaten Kupang. Model analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis fungsi produksi Stochastic Frontier Cobb-Douglas model Battese and Coelli, 1995 dengan opsi Technical Efficiency Effect Model. Hasil pendugaan fungsi produksi stocastik frontier secara teknis telah efisien, dengan nilai efisiensi teknis rata- rata adalah 0,957 untuk komoditas jagung, dan ternak sapi potong adalah 0,999. Pendugaan fungsi biaya menunjukan bahwa nilai efisiensi biaya (cost efficiency) usahatani integrasi jagung-sapi lebih besar dari satu (CE >1) yakni 1.009 dan 1.268. Artinya penggunaan biaya faktor produksi pada usahatani integrasi jagung-sapi harus dikurangi agar dapat mencapai efisiensi yang optimal. Hasil PAM menunjukan bahwa usahatani integrasi jagung-sapi efisien secara finansial, memiliki keunggulan kompetitif dan dapat memacu pertumbuhan produksi. Sedangkan secara ekonomi atau memiliki keunggulan komparatif.
Efisiensi Relatif Usahatani Bawang Merah di Kabupaten Bantul dengan Pendekatan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
Authors: Lawalata, Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto, dan Slamet Hartono Marfin
Published: December 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat efisiensi teknis usahatani bawang merah di Kabupaten Bantul dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) dengan asumsi output oriented digunakan untuk mengukur skor efisiensi dari masing-masing usahatani yang diamati. Selanjutnya menggunakan analisis regresi Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat efisiensi teknis usahatani bawang merah di Kabupaten Bantul.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar usahatani bawang merah di Kabupaten Bantul masuk dalam kategori inefisien. Berdasarkan perhitungan DEA-CRS, sebanyak 11 (18,33%) usahatani bawang merah telah efisien, sedangkan dengan perhitungan DEA VRS sebanyak 18 (30%) usahatani bawang merah telah efisien. Luas lahan, umur petani, pendidikan, dan pengalaman usahatani memiliki pengaruh dan signifikan terhadap tingkat efisiensi teknisKata Kunci : Efisiensi Relatif, DEA
Permintaan Gula Kristal Mentah Indonesia
Authors: Indah Kurniasari, Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto, dan Sri Widodo Rutte
Published: December 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan gula kristal mentah impor dan memproyeksikan permintaan gula kristal mentah di masa yang akan datang. Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah metode analisis regresi Ordinary Least Square (OLS) untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan gula kristal mentah impor. Selanjutnya digunakan analisis trend untuk mengetahui kecenderungan trend permintaan gula kristal mentah impor dimasa yang akan datang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap permintaan gula kristal mentah impor adalah produksi gula kristal putih Indonesia, konsumsi gula nasional dan harga gula kristal mentah dunia. Impor gula kristal mentah akan terus meningkat per tahunnya seiring dengan meningkatnya jumlah konsumsi gula nasional, selama Indonesia tidak berupaya untuk mulai memproduksi gula kristal mentahnya sendiri. Trend impor gula kristal mentah oleh Indonesia cenderung naik atau meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Berdasarkan hasil analisis trend, dapat diperkirakan bahwa Indonesia pada tahun 2020 jumlah impor gula kristal mentahnya bisa mencapai 1.219.979 ton.Kata Kunci: Analisis Regresi, Tren Analisis, Gula Kristal Mentah Impor
The Relationships Among Physiological Characters and Productivities of Nine PGL Clones in Medium Land
Authors: Irmayanti Ika , Indradewa Didik , Putra Eka Tarwaca Susila
Published: December 2016

The objectives of the study were to determine the relationships among the physiological characters and productivities of nine PGL clones in medium land. Field trial was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) single factor with three blocks as replications. The treatment was PGL clones, consisting of nine clones, namely PGL 1 PGL 3, 4 PGL, PGL 7, PGL 10, PGL 11, PGL 12, PGL 15, and PGL 17. The observations were done on several variables of physiological characters and productivities. Data were analyzed by using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 5% levels. If there were significant differences among the treatments, they will be analysed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The relationships among variables were determined using correlation analysis. Results showed that there were wide variations in the stomatal density and width openings  and also productivities among the nine PGL clones. Stomatal density and width openings have significant positive correlation with the productivity. PGL 12 and 15 with a denser of stomatal arrangement and wider stomatal openings have higher productivities when compared to other PGL clones, especially PGL 7 with the most loosely stomatal arrangement and narrower stomatal openings.
PENGARUH KATALIS BASA (NaOH) PADA TAHAP REAKSI TRANSESTERIFIKASI TERHADAP KUALITAS BIOFUEL DARI MINYAK TEPUNG IKAN SARDIN
Authors: Ningtyas Diah Probo
Published: December 2016

Biofuel is an alternative diesel engine fuel is produced from oils/fats of plants and animals (including the fisheries industry waste) through the esterification and transesterifiksi reactions. A transesterification is reaction to form esters and glycerol from trigliserin (fat/oil) and bioalcohol (methanol or ethanol). Transesterification is an equilibrium reaction so that the presence of a catalyst can accelerate the achievement of a state of equilibrium. Process of the transesterification reaction of sardine flour oil waste with NaOH as base catalyst in producing biofuels was conducted.The research purpose has studied the influence of NaOH concentration in transesterification process and examinate its effect on the quality of biofuels production, conversion, and physic quality. The variables that analysed was the effect of NaOH concentration as catalyst (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% from amount of oil and methanol) in the transesterification reaction step. The result showed that the increasing NaOH concentration (0.5 - 1.5%), enhanced the biofuel conversion (%). The highest conversion of biofuels was achieved by using 1.50% NaOH (w/w) with 45.34% biofuels conversion. The major component in the biofuels was methyl palmitate (20.31%). ASTM analysis data also supported that the biofuel product was in agreement with automotive diesel fuel specification.
The Routledge Handbook of Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction
Authors: Hadmoko Danang Sri
Published: December 2016

Buku ini menjelaskan secara detail tentang ancaman bencana yang ada, berupa ancaman bencana geofisik, ancaman bencana hidro-meterologis, ancaman bencana biologis/ekologis, dan ancaman bencana astronomis
KAJIAN SEBARAN POTENSI EKONOMI SUMBER DAYA
Authors: Musrowati Lasindrang Latif Sahubawa Nurul Khakim
Published: December 2016

The objectives of research is to identify and inventory the economic potential of marine resources (fisheries and environmental services/beach tourism) and competitive commodity in the South Coast of DIY Province for investment purposes. The research method used is: a survey, the travel cost, the willingness to pay and analysis of competitive commodities. South Coast region of DIY Province which have valuable marine resources are economically important: Kulon Progo Regency (Congot and Galagah-Karangwuni Beach); Bantul (Pandansimo, Kuwaru, Depok and Parangtritis Beach); Gunungkidul (Sadeng, Wediombo, Siung, Sundak/Indrayanti, Drini, Baron, Ngerenehan, Gesing and Purwosari). The economic value of the resources of each coastal region as follows: (1) Kulon Progo Regency (fisheries = 519.817 IDR. billion and beach tourism = 0.608 IDR. billion, total 520.425 IDR. billion); (2) Bantul (fisheries = 121.455 IDR. billion and beach tourism = 2.961 IDR. billion: total 124.416 IDR. billion); (3) Gunung (fisheries = 63.957 IDR. billion and beach tourism = 6.803 IDR. billion; total 70.244 IDR. billion). The total economic value of marine resources of the South Coast of DIY Province DIY is 715.085 IDR. billion. Competitive commodity marine resources in Kulon Progo Regency Beach and Bantul is vanamme shrimp while in Gunungkidul are tuna, skipjack, tongkol, marlin, lemadang, layur, snapper, manyung and lobster.
PENENTUAN BOBOT KEPENTINGAN DECISION MAKER DALAM GROUP DECISION MAKING
Authors: Nur Aini Masruroh Dian Eko Hari Purnomo Dan
Published: December 2016

Generally, there are two criteria which are widely used to determineDM’s weight of interest, i.e. competenceand consensus. Various studies related to determine DM’s weight of interest based on competence or consensusseparately have been conducted. Each criterion has its own advantages. The advantage of using competence as acriterion is DMs who have high competence based on their consistence on the decisions made will have high of interest weight. Meanwhile, consensus criterion emphasizes a DM/s contribution to a group without consideringthe DM’s ability or competence.Considering the advantages of both criteria, this study developed a model to determine DM’s weight of interestby considering the DM’ competence and consensus in a GDM. This study used2 group decision making cases totaling in 6 groups consisting of 5 people each. Collected data was then processedusing DM’s weight of interest determination method based on competence and consensus. A model was thendesigned using regression method and fuzzy method. Therefore, a model to determine DM’s weight of interest was obtained by considering competence and consensus. DM’s weight of interest from each method was then involvedin group decision making. The research result showed that group decisions made by involving DM’s weight of interest were better decisions. It implies competence and consensus are two criteria which can be used to determineDM’s weight of interest.
Well Integrity Analysis and Application Based on FTA Method
Authors: Yan Lili
Published: December 2016

With the increase of development the well integcrity problem are becoming more and more serious. This article uses the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method for many factors, such as completion, production and operation process, pressure annulus, the cementing quality, the wellhead system and leakage of pipe string. Many wellbore risk factors to conduct a comprehensive analysis and evaluation. Through the qualitative analysis of wellbore integrity failure risk, determining the level of risk factors and establishing the damage analysis model of the wellbore. According to the selected blocks in Shengli Oilfield example analysis of single wells find out the minimum cut sets, the minimum path sets and structure importance. The results showed that the selected block probability of top event is calculated and it’s 0.9961, and the actual selection conforms to statistics prove that the proposed based on the FTA wellbore damage risk analysis method is feasible, and through quantitative analysis and calculation of basic events of different important degree of parameters.

According to these risk factors for prevention of failure risk control measures are put forward, which provides reference for predict wellbore integrity to ensure the safety of oil and gas production run smoothly.
Missing laboratory results data in electronic health databases: implications for monitoring diabetes risk
Authors: Flory James H , Roy Jason , Gagne Joshua J , Haynes Kevin , Herrinton Lisa , Lu Christine , Patorno Elisabetta , Shoaibi Azadeh , Raebel Marsha A
Published: December 2016

Aim:
Laboratory test (lab) results may be useful to detect incident diabetes in electronic health record and claims-based studies.
Research design & methods:
Using the Mini-Sentinel distributed database, we assessed the value of lab results added to diagnosis codes and dispensing claims to identify incident diabetes.
Results:
Inclusion of lab results increased the number of diabetes outcomes identified by 21%. In settings where capture of lab results was relatively complete, the absence of lab results was associated with implausibly low rates of the outcome.
Conclusion:
Lab results can increase sensitivity of algorithms for detecting diabetes, and missing lab results are associated with much lower rates of diabetes ascertainment regardless of algorithm. Patterns of missing lab results may identify ascertainment bias.
Healthcare reform in the Middle East and the USA
Authors: Younis Mustafa Z
Published: December 2016

Mustafa Z Younis speaks to Laura Dormer, Commissioning Editor:
Dr Mustafa Z Younis is an internationally recognized scholar and was a member of the Executive Committee of the International Society for Research of Healthcare Financial Management. Dr Younis has authored and published over 200 articles, abstracts and presentations in refereed journals and meetings, and has presented at national and international conferences. Dr Younis has administrative experience as Senior Adviser for the President at Zirve University, Turkey and as Chair of the Department of Health Policy and Management at Florida International University (FL, USA) where he led the accreditation efforts for the Healthcare Management Program. Dr Younis has a history of playing visible roles on the editorial boards of journals as Chief Editor, Guest Editor and Editorial board member of leading journals such as
Journal of International Medical Research
,
Journal of Health Care Finance
,
Inquiry
,
Journal of Health and Human Services Administration
,
Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management
. Dr Younis is a frequent speaker for both academic and professional audiences. His talks often feature his latest research and work in progress as well as cross-industry trends and strategy implications. He has provided workshops and presentation for wide organizations. His research and findings applied to for-profit, non-profit settings, and government. Dr Younis has consulted with several organizations on healthcare finance, and economics. Dr Younis is often invited to speak about the challenges in the healthcare industry and other related topics to health economics, finance, and research. He has presented topics such as, healthcare reform, ownership structure, profitability, unit cost, payment system and efficiency in management, at a variety of forums and conferences in Europe, Asia and Middle East.
Efektifitas Penggunaan Amoniak Berulang Pada Proses Penghilangan Lignin Bagas Tebu Untuk Meningkatkan Perolehan Hidrolisat Gula Sebagai Sumber Bioetanol
Authors: Octavia Silvi
Published: December 2016

Pengembangan teknologi penghilangan lignin merupakan bagian krusial/kritikal dalam upaya pengembangan teknologi komersial pembuatan bioetanol dari bahan lignoselulosa. Penelitian sebelumnya meraih hasil sangat memuaskan pada penghilangan lignin (delignifikasi) yang terdapat dalam tandan kosong sawit pada suhu kamar di dalam larutan amoniak encer. Kondisi pengolahan yang ringan ini sangat dikehendaki di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia, karena sesuai dengan kemampuan teknologi fabrikasi peralatan di dalam negeri dan sumber daya manusia yang tersedia. Penerapan bahan sekali pakai jika diaplikasikan pada industri kecil mengakibatkan pembengkakan biaya operasional industri. Oleh karena itu, penelitian tentang efektifitas penggunaan pelarut amoniak berulang perlu dikaji lebih jauh, sehingga teknologi ini bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa besarnya jumlah penggunaan amoniak sebagai reagen pendelignifikasi dapat dikurangi dengan jalan pemakaian kembali residual atau sisa-sisa amoniak bekas penedaman tersebut. Tanpa aliran make up amoniak dapat digunakan maksimal hingga 4 (empat) kali perulangan. Sedangkan dengan penambahan aliran make up maka amoniak dapat digunakan berulang-ulang dan memberikan hasil penggurangan lignin yang sama dengan perendaman pertama.
Los paisajes de la cultura: la gastronomía y el patrimonio culinario
Authors: Fusté-Forné Francesc
Published: December 2016

El patrimonio culinario es un elemento de comunicación cultural, y en ello se manifiestan tanto las tradiciones propiamente culturales como las idiosincrasias naturales de un lugar. La cocina y la gastronomía implican una indisoluble relación entre la vida rural y el sector de los servicios. Así, gastronomía es desarrollo local y también desarrollo turístico. Este artículo explora las relaciones entre estos distintos conceptos, y se muestran ejemplos de cómo el recurso gastronómico es trascendental para la creación de paisajes de índole bien diversa.
Rock de los ochenta en sociedad: encuentro y desencuentro de dos generaciones
Authors: Delgado Leandro
Published: December 2016

A fines de 1987, el rock uruguayo alcanzó la aceptación de la mayoría de los medios de comunicación y se convirtió en el movimiento representativo de toda la cultura juvenil de la posdictadura. En ese año, la revista mensual Relaciones organizó un panel con el objetivo de dar a conocer al público lo que los “nuevos jóvenes” tenían para decir acerca de sí mismos como generación, así como de la cultura emergente en los años ochenta. La dinámica de la discusión tomó un curso inesperado: el público, en su mayoría compuesto por quienes habían sido jóvenes en los años sesenta y setenta, terminó por dominar la discusión al hablar de sí mismo, y logró que los jóvenes invitados se convirtieran en espectadores. Este artículo analiza las crónicas y reseñas sobre el evento, y reflexiona sobre esa reunión como una instancia en la que dos generaciones se reconocieron, una a partir de la presencia de la otra. El encuentro permitió a ambas generaciones definirse a sí mismas en aquella ocasión, ya que su contacto había sido impedido durante la dictadura.
Crónica del cine silente mexicano: Elena Sánchez Valenzuela (1919-1929)
Authors: Torres San Martín Patricia
Published: December 2016

El objetivo de este artículo es rescatar y evaluar la crónica del cine silente mexicano que publicó Elena Sánchez Valenzuela entre 1919 y 1929, desde una visión historiográfica y como un primer acercamiento a la historia de las mujeres y a la cultura fílmica que derivó en los lectores de los diarios de la capital mexicana de estos años. A la historia de las mujeres, porque el caso particular de Sánchez Valenzuela se vincula a una trayectoria profesional adscrita a una sociedad en la que prevalecía una ideología patriarcal. A la historia del cine silente mexicano, porque apunta sobre la concepción que se tenía del cine como arte, espectáculo e industria cultural, y a la cultura fílmica para indagar si el trabajo de Sánchez Valenzuela contribuyó a que el público tuviera una mejor apreciación del cine. Como método, se utilizan las técnicas de la investigación documental y el análisis de contenido.
“El mejor periodismo tiene ideas, no es solo información”. Julio Villanueva Chang, editor de la revista peruana Etiqueta Negra
Authors: Tanzi Silvana
Published: December 2016

Estuvo en Montevideo, dio charlas a estudiantes y talleres para periodistas. Su nombre está asociado al de Etiqueta Negra, la prestigiosa revista peruana que se destaca por sus perfiles y crónicas, narrados con el encanto de los buenos relatos. Fundador y editor obsesivo de la revista, Julio Villanueva Chang pasa mucho tiempo pensando un copete, cambiando un título, eligiendo la mejor foto que ilustre la nota o discutiendo con el periodista que no logró contestar la pregunta que origina la historia. Villanueva Chang tiene una convicción: lo más importante para empezar a investigar cualquier tema o cualquier vida es prestar atención a los detalles, a lo que no se ve a simple vista. Por eso a sus talleres suele titularlos De cerca nadie es normal. Sobre la importancia de “ver de cerca” y sobre su trabajo en Etiqueta Negra, Villanueva Chang conversó con estudiantes de Periodismo de la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas de la Universidad Católica del Uruguay.
La comunicación necesita de la filosofía. Entrevista a Humberto Orozco-Barba
Authors: Rodríguez-Milhomens Graciela
Published: December 2016

Se declara apasionado por la fotografía documental. Empezó estudiando filosofía para luego adentrarse en los campos de la comunicación y la educación. Dirigió producciones audiovisuales, escribió libros y artículos sobre comunicación y posmodernidad, revivió archivos fotográficos históricos, dio clases de comunicación en carreras de grado y posgrado, estudió los colectivos urbanos contemporáneos de su ciudad y, desde hace más de 10 años, dirige la comunicación institucional de una de las universidades más importantes de México: el ITESO (Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Occidente). Humberto Orozco-Barba combina el pensar y el hacer, y ha logrado productos de comunicación de la comunidad universitaria —difícil, diversa, crítica— que le han valido el reconocimiento nacional e internacional.
EL PAPEL DE LA GESTIÓN DE CENTROS EDUCATIVOS EN UN MODELO DE APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN COMPETENCIAS
Authors: GIMÉNEZ GIUBBANI ANALÍA
Published: December 2016

Esta investigación se estructura en dos grandes apartados: en primer lugar, se caracteriza el modelo de aprendizaje basado en competencias y, luego, se analiza la gestión educativa estratégica como alternativa a la gestión tradicional, con énfasis en la competencia de liderazgo. Se tratarán de establecer líneas de sinergia entre este modelo educativo y la gestión de centros; es decir, se presenta el enfoque de las competencias como modelo de enseñanza-aprendizaje y como aporte que ilumina a la gestión educativa.
ESTUDIO DE IMPACTO DE INSTRUMENTOS DE EVALUACIÓN Y MEJORA DE CENTROS EDUCATIVOS
Authors: LASIDA JAVIER , ISOLA ROSSANA , SARASOLA MARCOS
Published: December 2016

Se estudia la percepción del impacto de la aplicación del sistema de calidad ISO (International Standard Organization). Se aplicaron cuestionarios a los directores y docentes de dos centros con características contrastantes. Uno chico,  gratuito, que recibe niños de una zona pobre y de bajos ingresos. El segundo es un centro grande, que recibe niños de zonas de ingresos altos y cobra una cuota alta. Los dos certificaron aspectos parciales con ISO, mostrando estrategias de implementación parecidas. Los resultados son similares y muestran limitados aportes del instrumento a ambos centros, con pocas diferencias entre sí. A la vez coinciden con otros estudios que se reseñan, que encontraron escasos aportes de los sistemas ISO a la mejora educativa, junto con sobrecarga administrativa.
APLICACIÓN DEL ANÁLISIS DE SOBREVIVENCIA AL ESTUDIO DEL TIEMPO REQUERIDO PARA GRADUARSE EN EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR: EL CASO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA
Authors: GALLARDO ALLEN EUGENIA , MOLINA-DELGADO MAURICIO , CORDERO CANTILLO REBECA
Published: December 2016

En el siguiente artículo se analiza el tiempo requerido para graduarse como bachiller universitario, así como su relación con predictores socio demográficos y de aptitud académica. Se realizó un seguimiento hasta el año 2010 para la población estudiantil que ingresó entre los años 2000 y 2003 a la Universidad de Costa Rica. Al realizar comparaciones entre las curvas de sobrevivencia, mediante el estimador Kaplan-Meier, se encontró una probabilidad mayor de graduarse tempranamente en las mujeres y en aquellos(as) estudiantes que cursaron sus estudios fuera de la capital del país. Adicionalmente se construyeron modelos de regresión de Cox, encontrándose asociaciones entre el tiempo de graduación y el tipo de colegio de procedencia, la puntuación de una prueba de aptitud académica y la tenencia de beca socioeconómica. Los resultados apuntan a que altos niveles de aptitud académica están relacionados con menores tiempos de duración de la carrera. Por otra parte, el nivel socioeconómico no parece ser determinante en los tiempos de graduación, lo cual se explica porque probablemente la tenencia de beca mitiga el efecto de dicho factor.
PRÁCTICAS SOCIALES EN TORNO A LA INCLUSIÓN DE LA DISCAPACIDAD SENSORIAL EN ESCUELAS PÚBLICAS DE COPIAPÓ DE CHILE
Authors: LERÍA DULČIĆ FRANCISCO , SALGADO ROA JORGE , SALGADO ROA JORGE , ALMONTE OSSANDÓN INGEBORG , ALMONTE OSSANDÓN INGEBORG , VEGA TORRES MARÍA , VEGA TORRES MARÍA , VÉLIZ GONZÁLEZ MARISOL , VÉLIZ GONZÁLEZ MARISOL
Published: December 2016

El objetivo del estudio es describir las prácticas sociales que el Estado, las escuelas y familias elaboran para abordar la inclusión de la discapacidad sensorial visual y auditiva en el contexto educativo de la ciudad de Copiapó. Participaron expertos en temáticas de inclusión sensorial, profesores y familias de niños y jóvenes con alguna discapacidad sensorial. Se realizó desde un enfoque cualitativo de tipo descriptivo, incorporando algunas de las fases analíticas propuestas por el método de la Teoría Fundamentada, utilizando entrevistas, observaciones participantes y análisis de documentos. Se concluyó que los informantes claves consideran la inclusión educativa deficiente en lo que respecta a los recursos materiales, acceso físico al establecimiento, recursos técnicos, humanos e infraestructura de los dispositivos educacionales. De esta manera existiría una distancia entre lo que declara el Estado chileno (leyes y decretos) y sus planes y programas, así como también entre lo que realiza la unidad educativa del establecimiento y lo que entienden las familias por inclusión al sistema educativo.
COMPRENSIÓN LECTORA Y EDUCACIÓN INTERCULTURAL: HACIA UN DEBATE SOBRE EL AJUSTE DE LOS SISTEMAS DE MEDICIÓN ESTANDARIZADOS Y SU APLICACIÓN EN ENTORNOS DE CULTURA POPULAR URBANA EN CHILE
Authors: AMAYA GARCÍA MARCELA
Published: December 2016

La presente revisión del estado del arte tiene por objetivo debatir respecto de la pertinencia que tienen los sistemas de medición de comprensión lectora aplicados en Chile en contextos de cultura popular urbana. De este modo, se establece la relevancia de conjugar dos núcleos teóricos que, hasta ahora, han estado disociados: la disciplina lingüística a través del fenómeno de la comprensión lectora y el campo de los estudios interculturales en cuanto al abordaje de la realidad de sujetos en situación de diversidad educativa. Es decir, quienes asisten a escuelas donde se aborda la comprensión lectora, partiendo de una serie de estrategias nacidas desde la Didáctica de la Lengua tradicional y sobre la base del Modelo Pedagógico de Lectura, soslayando la subjetividad de los estudiantes con el fin de mejorar los rendimientos en las pruebas estandarizadas nacionales e internacionales, tales como el Sistema de Medición de la Calidad de la Educación (SIMCE) y el Programa Internacional para la Evaluación de Estudiantes (PISA, por sus siglas en inglés).
LA ESCUELA EN LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LAS FRONTERAS CULTURALES Y LINGÜÍSTICAS EN EL URUGUAY DE FINES DEL SIGLO XIX
Authors: OROÑO MARIELA
Published: December 2016

A fines del siglo XIX, Uruguay inició su primer período de construcción nacional. La reforma escolar de 1877, liderada por José Pedro Varela, desempeñó un rol fundamental en este proceso. En este trabajo se estudia como la escuela construyó las fronteras culturales y lingüísticas del país, mediante la creación de escuelas rurales y la preocupación por el uso del portugués en las escuelas rurales fronterizas, representándolo como amenaza a la nacionalidad. Se analizan obras pedagógicas e informes técnicos de Varela y otros documentos de la reforma. Primero se presenta el contexto socio- histórico y educativo del país y la figura de Varela. Luego se discute el lugar asignado a la lengua y a la escuela, y en particular a las escuelas rurales.
Fatores Associados à Evasão e Conclusão de Cursos de Graduação Presenciais na UFES
Authors: Sales Junior Jaime Souza , Brasil Gutemberg Hespanha , Carneiro Teresa Cristina Janes , Corassa Maria Auxiliadora De Carvalho
Published: December 2016

Uma das consequências da expansão das universidades brasileiras foi o aumento do número de estudantes evadidos. Define-se como estudante evadido aquele que abandonou o curso antes de sua diplomação. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi identificar fatores que levam estudantes a evadir-se do seu curso. O método consistiu em comparar dois grupos de alunos, os formados e os evadidos, por meio de tabelas de contingência e de um modelo de regressão logística. Os resultados mostraram que vários fatores anteriores ao ingresso e experiências acadêmicas estão associados à evasão. No caso estudado, sete fatores se mostraram mais relevantes para explicar a evasão: opção pelas cotas, região de origem, meio de comunicação utilizado para se manter informado, participação em pesquisa, receber assistência estudantil, participação em estágio e número de reprovações em disciplinas. A discussão dos resultados foi conduzida essencialmente à luz do Modelo de Integração de Estudantes, de Vicent Tinto.
Avaliação e os Determinantes da Eficiência do Ensino Fundamental nos Municípios Goianos: Uma Análise em Dois Estágios
Authors: Felipe Rodrigues Lima Alex , Borges Fonseca Júnior Sérgio , Resende Oliveira Guilherme
Published: December 2016

O presente estudo tem dois objetivos principais, no primeiro estágio, verificar o nível de eficiência dos municípios goianos na provisão de educação básica, e em segundo estágio, determinar os condicionantes das eficiências. Em termos metodológicos, para o primeiro objetivo utilizou-se a técnica de análise envoltória de dados (DEA) e para o segundo, a análise de regressão beta inflacionada. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que menos de 8% dos municípios analisados têm máxima eficiência na educação básica. Ademais, as evidências empíricas mostram que os municípios com economia mais dependente da administração pública tendem a ter desempenho superior aos dependentes de agropecuária, indústria ou serviços. Além disso, no modelo de máxima eficiência, o nível socioeconômico das escolas e a transferência de renda pelo governo federal no programa bolsa família influenciaram positivamente na obtenção de máxima eficiência.
A Avaliação no Plano Nacional de Educação (2014-2024)
Authors: Andrade Ferreira Lívia
Published: December 2016

Foi aprovado em 2014, o Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE) com vigência até 2024. Este plano decenal deve nortear as políticas educacionais durante o tempo em que estiver em vigor e por isso é um importante retrato das expectativas em relação à educação. Diante disso, observou-se que tanto no corpo da Lei 13.005/14, quanto em suas metas e estratégias, há grande valorização das avaliações governamentais como instrumentos de aferição da qualidade da educação. No entanto, isso não se restringe ao Plano, uma vez que, por meio do mapeamento das iniciativas dos entes federados em prol do atendimento às proposições presentes no PNE, identificou-se um movimento contínuo em torno do aprimoramento e ampliação dos sistemas avaliativos educacionais de nosso país. Destarte, buscamos analisar as principais estratégias do PNE com foco na avaliação, destacando os programas e legislações que atendem as mesmas e ressaltando assim, a tendência atual de hipervalorização dos processos avaliativos governamentais.
The diffusion of management control systems in Italy: A comparison between family and non-family firms
Authors: Broccardo Laura , Culasso Francesca , Giacosa Elisa , Truant Elisa
Published: December 2016

The current economic crisis has accentuated the purchasing power loss and the decrease of companies’ profitability; so, the strategic planning and management control systems become needful because they provide managers the tools to drive the whole organization towards established goals. For this reason, the research is focused on the use and the diffusion of advanced management control systems within a sample of Italian companies, both family firms (FFs) and non-family firms (NFFs). The research aims at investigating the diffusion of performance measurement systems within the sample of Italian FFs and NFFs and at analysing which kind of advanced managerial tools are more widespread. The research has been conducted using the method of questionnaire in order to photograph the state of the art in a significant number of Italian firms. The expected outcomes are that the most developed strategic planning and management control systems are still not widespread within the sample of small and medium enterprises. In addition, we also suppose that performance measurement systems are more widespread in NFFs than in FFs due to the significant presence of the family in company’s running and a related lower power of managers.
The induction of board directors: a case study perspective
Authors: Grassi Laura , Giorgino Marco , Simona Raimondo , Romani Giorgio
Published: December 2016

This paper gives an overview on the induction process for board members with a focus on the Italian context. First, considering the limited prior academic literature, we contribute to the understanding of the induction term. We propose a multilevel theoretical framework that synthesizes and integrates the poor and contrasting prior literature on the definition and the attendees of the program. We posit that the process is intended for all the appointed directors as it is tailored and specific of each company, due to the peculiar environment in which the firm operates. Second, we investigate how these programs are designed and how they can be beneficial for a company. Using a multiple case study on five Italian listed companies, we support the view that induction programs are a fundamental tool to assure that each director fully contributes with his own human and social capital to the board meetings in the shortest possible time, thus guaranteeing a positive impact on the value creation. Instead, in order to increase future directors’ knowledge, pre-appointment preparation courses are particularly relevant.
Corporate governance, structure and accountability as affected by national government infrastructure in developing countries
Authors: Mugova Shame , Sachs Paul R.
Published: December 2016

Businesses in developing countries face different challenges than those in economically developed countries. Markets and supply chains are less well-established. Dissemination of information is uneven. Because governmental infrastructure has limited ability to support business operations, businesses take on responsibilities that elsewhere are handled by a central government. This study reviews key elements of corporate governance. The study then reviews the banking and manufacturing sectors in Zimbabwe with attention to the presence or absence of financial infrastructure, legal infrastructure, market challenges, supply chain and government involvement to support corporate governance structures and systems. Recommendations for policy and practice changes are recommended. The present analysis of Zimbabwe can guide research on and policy recommendations for governance in other developing countries
Remuneration policies in the Italian banking system: compliance with best practice and future perspectives
Authors: Giovanelli Lucia , Rotondo Federico
Published: December 2016

This paper focuses on remuneration policies in banking, an issue that is not particularly studied in relation to its importance to financial institutions’ long-term viability and the sustainable growth of the economy as a whole. It aims to assess, through a gap analysis, the level of compliance with best practice in the remuneration policies of Italian banks prior to the implementation of new standards established as a result of CRD IV, as well as the FSB and EBA principles. It also seeks to analyse the evolution of remuneration systems in relation to new international standards in order to identify theoretical and practical implications. The study reveals that the long path through which today’s standards have developed has basically fostered a learning process within the banking sector, which has led to a material respect for most of the best practices. In the same time, it also shows the presence of grey areas, which still undermine the full consistency of bank policies with sound remuneration practices.
Talent management and competencies: A cross country study of Malaysian and Vietnam semi-private universities
Authors: Annakis John , Esposto Alexis
Published: December 2016

Talent Management has gained attention of researchers and practitioners in developing nations in recent years. There is a shortage of empirical driven research in the South East Asian region and recent reports alerting to a crisis emerging in the higher education sector. Little is known about talent management perceptions and behaviour of Academics in universities in the region. Four constructs were identified and analysed from the literature - talent identification, talent culture, talent competencies and talent development. Questionnaires were distributed to academics from 4 semi-private universities in Malaysia and Vietnam. The findings reveal that talent identification, talent development and talent management culture are the most important contributors to talent management competency for Academics across the samples. The findings also suggest that talent management competency levels for Academics are significantly higher when management have integrated HR systems that identify value, measure team and individual performance, assess and develop, give honest formal feedback and a culture of rewarding high performance. The implications of the study suggest that organizations which embark on a ‘one size fits all’ Talent management strategy that ignore these job related factors could eventually face further problems such as high staff turnover, poor morale and associated costs. The paper offers a unique talent management model to contribute and enhance academic’s intentions of careers in the South East Asian region and market segment
Tax compliance: an administrative burden for small business enterprises (SME’S)
Authors: Sephapo Catherine Mpolokeng , Cant Michael Colin , Wiid Johannes Arnoldus
Published: December 2016

As is the case in many economies, tax laws are sometimes very complicated and difficult for SME’s to understand and to implement. Tax laws change every year, impacting on the business, its operations and its profitability. It is also a fact that the more a government overspends, misappropriate funds and overall lack fiscal control, the more they will try and recover these “losses” from the taxpayers - including SME’s. The main purpose of the study is to investigate whether small business enterprises are burdened by the administrative processes required in South Africa to comply to with the tax regulations of the country. The South African government has strict policies and procedures in place that all businesses should adhere to. However, the key challenge that many SME’s still face is that of red tape and burdensome regulatory processes and procedures. In an attempt to establish the main objective of the study, a quantitative approach research approach was employed and a significant amount of small businesses were surveyed. From the findings it is clear that the respondents of the survey agree that the tax services registration documentation and process should be made easier. The submission of the registration documents, once understood and completed, is not a big problem for the respondents. The cost of registration does not seem to be a major burden to the SME’s
Profit and loss sharing contracts as a prisoners dilemma: An agent based simulation with game theory application to participative finance
Authors: El Fakir Adil , Tkiouat Mohamed
Published: December 2016

PLS contracts, Like Musharakah in participative finance, represent a practice of profit and loss sharing contracts. It is claimed to be a fair economic mode of investment as it entails the sharing, by the participants, of profits and risks. This mode of financing, however, suffers from asymmetric information in the form of adverse selection and moral hazards. In this Agent based simulation we managed to apply a repeated game theoretical approach to PLS financing using an agent based simulation tool called Net- logo. The purpose is to test whether PLS contracts are representative of a prisoner’s dilemma game. We have identified different parameters which are used to calculate the payoffs of the bank and the enterprise which seeks financing. Each agent in this simu- lation has some strategies that he/she can use through the game. We have managed to run the simulation1000 times for different model parameters under each combination of the agent’s strategies. We have found evidence that PLS contracts are not represen- tatives of a a prisoner dilemma game as mutual cooperation does not lead to a better payoff to the corporation than mutual defection. Over a repeated process, however, we found simulation evidence that the threat by the bank to apply an unforgiving strat- egy towards defection, leads to a cooperative behavior by the corporation through the strategy Tit-for-Tats.
Does the Transformation to holding company systems in Korean Chaebol improve the valuation independence of affiliated firms’ cost of debt?
Authors: Kim Sang-II , Choi Won-Wook , Lee Ho-Young
Published: December 2016

Family-owned conglomerates are prevalent in most Asian countries, in which excessive control rights of their majority shareholders infringe independent managements of their affiliated firms. Less than 50% of Korean chaebol conglomerates have transformed to holding company systems to ensure independent management of affiliated firms. Empirical analyses discovered that the cost of debts in the companies which have been transformed to holding company restricting the complicated equity investment among the affiliated firms of chaebol are evaluated independently. Results imply that the negative effect from the propping of internal capital can be reduced through the fundamental change in the corporate governance.
Enterprise characteristics, capital structure and operational performance: The case of listed enterprises in Vietnam
Authors: Ngoc Phi Anh Doan
Published: December 2016

This paper examines the relationship between enterprise characteristics, capital structure and operational performance among a sample of 592 companies listed on the Vietnamese stock exchange during the three years 2012-2014. Whilst most previous studies in this area have used multiple regression as the main method of analysis, the paper follows the examples of Titman and Wessels (1988) and Chang et al. (2009) and adopts a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. Specifically, path analysis was employed to analyze simultaneous relationships among the various variables. The results suggest that for listed enterprises in Vietnam, operational performance has a negative effect on both of the measures of capital structure considered, namely long-term debt/total assets ratio (LDR) and short-term debt/total assets ratio (SDR), while the extent of state ownership has a positive effect on LDR and enterprise age has a positive effect on SDR only. The ratio of long-run to total assets affects the two capital structure measures in opposite ways: the effect is positive on LDR and negative on SDR. The evidence was considered to be inconclusive on the question of direction of causality between operational performance and LDR.
Ownership structure and financial performance of small firms in Spain
Authors: Ntoung Agbor Tabot Lious , Ferro-Soto Carlos , Outman Ben Chettah
Published: December 2016

Ownership structure in companies are key to the performance, however, gaps still exist in the knowledge about the characteristics of ownership with financial performance. This study provides empirical evidence of the characteristics of ownership structure on firm’s performance. It examines 254 small and unlisted firms from the SABI database over the period 2000 to 2014. Using panel regression, the findings show that companies with family having majority ownership are more profitable and the market value such companies. The findings indicates that over performance of most firms depends on certain characteristics of their ownership. Companies with active founders perform better companies with passive founders. No significant relationship was found with respect to CEO or Chairman as founders. The presence of another block holder of ownership less than 5% is positive and significantly associated with the firm’s performance
Auditors’ view on acceptability of clients’ earnings management practices
Authors: Hamid Farisha , Hashim Hafiza Aishah , Salleh Zalailah
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this paper is to assess the views of auditors on earnings management in Malaysia. This study uses a questionnaire designed by Merchant and Rockness (1994), which consists of thirteen (13) short scenarios. Each scenario describes a potentially questionable earnings management activity undertaken by the general manager. The respondents were asked to judge the acceptability of each of the scenarios using a five-point (5) Likert scale. Based on responses, this study finds that acceptability varies with the type of earnings management. The auditors believe that discretionary accrual manipulation is more unethical than real activities manipulation, while the consistency with MFRS and the direction of effect on earnings management do not seem to be an issue to the respondents regarding the acceptability of earnings management
Corporate governance in Islamic banks: A comparative study of conservatives, moderates, and liberals
Authors: Khandelwal Sunil Kumar , Aljifri Khaled
Published: December 2016

This study seeks to fill the gap in the current literature on corporate governance in Islamic banks. A major limitation of these studies, leading to skewed results when analyzing corporate governance and other issues, is their treatment of all the Islamic banks in one category. This study addresses this issue with results showing that corporate governance is not uniform across various categories of Islamic banks. The study analyzes various aspects of corporate governance in Islamic banks by first classifying them into three categories (i.e., Liberals, Moderates, and Conservatives). A comparison of four important variables of corporate governance (i.e., size of SSB, size of audit committee, size of board of directors, and board composition) within these three categories was expected to yield some new findings. The study uses a sample of 80 fully Islamic banks for the years 2009-2014, from the countries of the GCC, Yemen, Egypt, Sudan, Tunisia, Syria, Turkey, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, the UK, and South Africa. The study aims to strengthen and enhance our knowledge of some relevant corporate governance mechanisms in Islamic banks. The results of this study are expected to be useful to practitioners of corporate governance in Islamic banks, customers, and financial regulators including central banks and other relevant stakeholders. In addition, it may allow further research to bring necessary reforms to the corporate governance of Islamic banking and thus generally strengthen its practice.