bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHENOTYPIC COMPOSITION OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES AND THEIR COOPERATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MERCURY INTOXICATION IN A POST-CONTACT PERIOD
Authors: Boklazhenko Elena V. , Bodienkova G. M.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Based on the current understanding of the progression of professional chronic mercury intoxication, it is extremely important to study the regulatory activity of immunocompetent cells after the cessation contact with mercury to develop effective therapeutic measures. The purpose of the study was to study the population and subpopulation spectrum of peripheral blood lymphocytes and their cooperation in patients with chronic mercury intoxication in a distant postexposure period. Material and methods. Phenotyping of lymphocytes in the blood of the subjects was carried out by the method of indirect immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies to the molecules CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD9+, CD16+, CD20+, CD21+, CD23+, CD25+, CD95+. Results. In patients with chronic mercury intoxication in the long-term postexposure period, there were revealed features of the immune system functioning, indicating hyperactivation of both T- and B-components of the immune system. An increase in the total population of T-lymphocytes was established due to an increase in cells with receptors CD4+ (T-lymphocyte-helper cells) and CD16+ (killer cells), as well as an increase in the number of mature B-lymphocytes (CD20+) and pre-B-immature-lymphocytes (CD9+). Changes in the system of lymphocyte apoptosis, characterized by an increase in the number of cells expressing receptors for readiness for Fas-dependent apoptosis (CD95+), have been recorded. The established relationships between populations and subpopulations of lymphocytes indicate their importance in the implementation of the immune response, high activity and contingency between the components of the immune system in persons with chronic mercury intoxication after the termination of contact with the toxicant. Conclusion. The results obtained are the basis for long-term monitoring of the health status and improvement of the tactics of treating patients with neurointoxication with mercury in the postexposure period.
DETERMINATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH VIBRATION DISEASE BY ELECTRONEUROMIOGRAPHY INDICES
Authors: Rusanova D. V. , Vasileva Larisa S. , Slivnitsyna N. V. , Lakhman O. L.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Vibration disease (VD) is a chronic occupational disease caused by the long-term influence of industrial vibration on the body, with prolonged contact with which a polyneuropathic syndrome is formed. Material and methods. 150 males were examined in the clinic. The first group consisted of 50 patients with VD associated with combined exposure to local and General vibration (48.7±3.1 years); the second - 50 patients with VB associated with exposure to local vibration (48.9±2.8 years); the third - 50 relatively healthy individuals without contact with vibration (49.1±2.5 years). Stimulation electroneuromyography (ENMG) was carried out according to the generally accepted method. The results of ENMG show demyelinating lesions of motor and sensory components to be registered in the examined VD patients, changes in the speed indices of axons of nerves of the upper and lower extremities are observed. Analysis of F-wave indices revealed the lesion of both the fastest and the slowest conductive fibers of the tibial and peroneal nerves in patients of both groups. There is an increase in the maximum amplitude of the F-wave and the F/M ratio, more pronounced in patients of the first examined group. In patients of the first and second examined groups, there is an increase in the blocks of the pulse, more pronounced with the combined effect of general and local vibration. Conclusion. Changes in the state of the peripheral nerves of the upper extremities are similar in patients of the first and second groups and consist in the presence of processes of demyelination of motor and sensory axons. In patients of the first group, there are more pronounced disorders in the state of the motor component of the nerves of the upper and lower extremities, while in persons of the second group there are sub-threshold changes in the lower extremities. Changes at the level of roots and in the functional state of the spinal cord neurons are more pronounced in patients of the second group.
MORTALITY TRENDS IN THE POPULATION OF THE IRKUTSK REGION IN THE PROCESS OF SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSFORMATIONS (1989-2017)
Authors: Leshchenko Yaroslav A. , Lisovtsov A. A.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. The policy in the field of public health care should take into account the peculiarities of regional development, due to the influence of socio-environmental factors and processes. Mortality indices are the most important medico-demographic index of the state of the regional socio-ecological system. The aim of the study is to characterize the mortality trends of various age groups of the population of the Irkutsk region in the context of social and environmental transformations of the post-Soviet period. Material and methods. A retrospective longitudinal study of the mortality characteristics of the population of the Irkutsk region, the Siberian Federal District (SFD) and the Russian Federation (RF) in the dynamics from the late 1980s to 2017 was carried out. Statistical materials were obtained from the databases of the Federal State Statistics Service, the Center for Demographic Studies of the New Economic School and Demographic Yearbooks of Russia. The analysis of trends in mortality rates and their socio-ecological interpretation is carried out. Results. Dynamics of the total mortality rate in the period 1989-2017 consisted of two stages (1991-1998 and 1999-2017). Each of these stages was characterized by a marked increase in the mortality rate and its subsequent decrease. The values of this index in the Irkutsk region during the entire observation period were higher than the values of the same indicator for the SFD by 6.5-10.0% and higher than the figure for the Russian Federation by 12.9-21.5%. The dynamic changes in the mortality rates of the working-age population are similar to the corresponding characteristics of total mortality. The trends in child and infant mortality rates were characterized by a consistent decrease. The dynamics of the mortality rate of the adolescent-youth contingent (15-19 years) was similar to the dynamics of the total mortality rate. Conclusion. The phenomena of a systemic transformational crisis led to the adverse dynamics of mortality characteristics from 1992 to 2006. A major positive shift in improving mortality rates occurred in 2007-2017. It was due to positive changes in the socio-economic sphere. Only the mortality levels of the working-age population did the lag behind the figures for 1989-1990 continue. The Irkutsk region should be characterized as a region of relative socio-ecological disadvantage in the mortality rates of all age groups of the population.
EVALUATION OF TOXIC EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC CONTRAST DIAGNOSTIC GADOLINIUM-CONTAINING NANOCOMPOSITE
Authors: Sosedova Larisa M. , Titov E. A. , Novikov M. A. , Vokina V. A. , Rukavishnikov V. S.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. In recent years, magnetic nanoparticles, which can simultaneously have a therapeutic effect on the pathological focus, are used to magnify contrast enhancement and increase diagnostic sensitivity during magnetic resonance therapy (MRT). The last is carried out by the effective capture of neutrons, which among all the chemical elements is most pronounced in gadolinium. The use of gadolinium nanoparticles encapsulated in a polymeric matrix allows increasing the bioavailability of nanoparticles, reduces the possible toxicity of drugs. Aim. Evaluation of impact of new nanocomposite magnetically active metal complex gadolinium system on the morphofunctional state of the nervous tissue, liver, and kidney of rats. Material and methods. Experimental studies of biological effects of gadolinium-arabinogalactan nanocomposite (Gd-AG) were carried out on rats that were injected intraperitoneally for 10 days at the dose of 500 μg/kg in 0.5 ml of saline. Animals were sacrificed by decapitation under light ether anesthesia the next day after the end of exposure. To perform pathological studies, frontal sections of the temporal-parietal zone of the sensorimotor cortex, liver and kidney tissues were stained on ordinary histological glass slides with hematoxylin and eosin for viewing microscopic picture. The immunohistochemical method was used to determine the activity of the bcl-2, caspase-3 and hsp70 modulatory protein in apoptosis of white rats in brain neurons and to study the biological response of the organism at the subcellular level. Results. Histological analysis of tissues revealed a pronounced compensatory response of liver, a violation of the functional activity of kidneys. A decrease in the total number of normal neurons per unit area in brain tissue and an increase in the number of acts of neuronophagy indicate the initial stage of neurodegenerative process. Evaluation of the intracellular metabolism of neurons has not established the presence of signs characteristic of apoptotic process. Conclusion. The subacute effect of Gd-AG in a dose of 500 µg/kg causes a disturbance of morphofunctional state of liver, kidneys and nervous tissue, as well as modulation of cellular proteomics.
EVALUATION OF THE GENERAL CLIMATE COMFORT IN THE VOLGA REGION, THE REPUBLIC OF ALTAI AND THE REPUBLIC OF KHAKASSIA
Authors: Andryushin Ilia B. , Valtseva E. A. , Meshkov N. A.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. The problem of the impact of climatic environmental factors on the state of public health and, as a consequence, the exacerbation of chronic diseases in meteosensitive people is considered. Aim of thу study to assess the overall comfort of the climate in the territories of the Volga region (Mari El Republic, Chuvash Republic, and Nizhny Novgorod Region), the Altai Republic and the Khakassia Republic. Material and methods. In order to identify interregional differences in the living conditions of the population, an assessment of the degree of overall climate comfort in the study areas were performed on the most significant climatic and bioclimatic indices. They include: the average temperature in the warm months (July, August) and the coldest month of the year (January), the number of contrasting changes of periods with the same type of weather, the index of weather variability, the severity weather of January by Bodman, the number of days with strong wind of six or more meters per second. Results. The obtained data on the degree of climate comfort was processed using a 5-point scale which highlighted the following intervals: values (Km) ranging from 3.51 to 5 - the most comfortable climatic conditions, (Km) values ranging from 2.86 to 3.5 - comfortable enough climatic conditions, (Km) values in the range from 2.3 to 2.85 - the least comfortable climatic conditions. Conclusions. On the territory of the Volga region, the Altai Republic, and the Khakassia Republic, there are two degrees of comfort conditions: the most comfortable and reasonably comfortable, non-voltage compensatory-adaptive mechanisms in people with diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Climatic conditions are the risk factors for the development of cardiorespiratory disease and the burden of existing chronic diseases, their assessment is necessary for the development of preventive measures.
HOW INFORMATIVE IS THE ENVIRONMENTAL RATING OF THE REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Smirnova Tatyana M. , Melnichenko P. I. , Prokhorov N. I. , Krutko V. N.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. All-Russian public organization "Green patrol" has developed a method of expert evaluation of environmental well-being. Since 2008 this method is used to calculate the environmental rating of regions of Russia. The ideology of rating takes into account the principles of sustainable development, in accordance with the Declaration of the UN Conference on environment and development. The consolidated environmental index includes three basic indices characterizing the state of the ecosphere, technosphere, and society. The purpose of article is to assess the relevance of environmental rating of regions of Russia and its basic components to population health indices and therefore to assess the opportunities to use this rating for the prediction the environmental risks to human health. Material and methods. We used data from the Federal State statistics service on morbidity, mortality and life expectancy in regions of Russia in 2008-2016, as well as environmental monitoring data for the same period, published by the "Green patrol". To evaluate the relationships between indicуs we used Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Results. None of the indeces of the population health showed a correlation with consolidated environmental index with significance level p < 0.05. The environmental index, which reflects the basic pollution levels of the environment, naturally had negative correlation coefficients with indeces of morbidity and mortality. Socio-economic and industrial-economic indices have identified a number of paradoxical correlations with health indices. This result is probably because the structure of these indices includes indicators reflecting the intensity of efforts to minimize industrial pollution and improve the quality of life of the population. This intensity is obviously higher the higher the need for it, so these indices indirectly reflect environmental disadvantage. Conclusion. The results of the analysis showed a lack of informative value of the environmental rating of Russia's regions in terms of population health.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE COMPONENT STRUCTURE OF ESSENTIAL OIL AND VOLATILE ALLOCATION OF PLANTS UNDER THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING
Authors: Malysheva Alla G. , Shelepova O. V. , Yudin S. M.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Much attention is paid to the production of green products of aromatic plants from local raw materials, as one of the priorities implemented under the program “The Concept of the State Policy in the Field of Healthy Nutrition of the Population of the Russian Federation for the Period until 2020”. For the year-round consumption of green mass of plants, there are used different technologies of cultivation. Specific growing conditions (short light day and low light) in the autumn-winter period of highly productive plants in our country are possible only with the use of additional sources of artificial light. Material and methods. Studies of the effect of different growing technologies on the component composition of essential oil and volatile plant excreta using the example of peppermint carried out by chromatography-mass spectrometry with analytical complex «Clarus 600M» by Perkin Elmer (USA) (flame ionization) and mass spectrometry detectors with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system Focus GC DSQ II by Thermo Scientific (USA). Results. The use of new technologies for growing ether-bearing plants may cause a change in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the essential oil and volatile plant excretions. Because of re-lighting by narrow cavity light, there have been changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the essential oil and volatile mint emissions. The disappearance of sabinene, bourbonene, myrtenol, colamen found in control samples and the formation of cumene, 3-hexyl-2-methylbutyrate, germacrene, carvone, cubenol, a decrease in the content of the main components: menthol, menton, benzyl alcohol, sabinene, bourbonene; an increase in the content of methylacetate, isomentone, isomenthol, neomentilacetate. With combined lighting, a reduction from 43 to 31 compounds was established with a decrease in their total content in the composition of the volatile fraction. Conclusion. Terpene hydrocarbons are the most hygienically significant substances belonging to the group of easily transformed substances, and oxygen-containing compounds (aldehydes, ketones, phenols, furans, pyrans, ethers) identified in the group of toxic and dangerous chemicals
MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY OF NANOMATERIALS IN THE AMES TEST. LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Akhaltseva Lyudmila V. , Zhurkov V. S. , Ingel F. I.
Published: February 2020

Despite the widespread use of nanomaterials in various areas of industry and medicine, the question of assessing their safety, in particular, genotoxicity, remains to be open. The review presents the analysis of the results of a number of nanomaterials mutagenic activity evaluations in the test for induction of reverse mutations in bacteria (the Ames test). The literature search was carried out using PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, Web of Science, Google Scholar databases up to 2019. The analysis of the literature showed mostly negative results on the induction of gene mutations. Particularly, quantum dots (QD), nanoparticles, and nanofibres of aluminum oxide and hydroxide, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) did not induce gene mutations. Among the more than 120 different types of nanomaterials (size, coating), for 22 the mutagenic activity as varying severity was found. These few numbers of positive results show that the degree of the mutagenic effect of nanomaterials may depend on the conditions of the experiment as well as coating composition. So, the diversity of nanomaterials and the sharp change in their properties even with a slight shift in the particle size parameters leads to the necessity to study the mutagenic activity of each nanomaterial separately. We conclude that there is the necessity to elaborate special international documents with the reglament of the investigation of nanomaterials’ mutagenic properties in the Ames test using the range of concentrations, with the full set of indicator strains and the description of the exact dimensions and properties of the studied particles.
Stroke in children and adolescents: topical problems of pre-hospital diagnostics
Authors: Khachaturov Y. A. , Shchederkina I. O. , Plavunov N. F. , Sidorov A. M. , Petryaykina E. E. , Vytkovskaya I. P. , Kadyshev V. A.
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of pediatrics and pediatric neurology, pre-hospital diagnosis of stroke in children. A review of domestic and foreign literature on the early diagnosis of stroke in children and adolescents, as well as epidemiological data on pediatric stroke, is presented. Particular attention is paid to the features of the symptoms of stroke and stroke-like conditions («stroke masks») in the pediatric population and the analysis of the main factors that influence errors in the early diagnosis of stroke in children and adolescents. Currently, in the diagnosis of ischemic stroke, its «masks» are found in 53.9 % of cases, with hemorrhagic stroke, in 36.3 %, and with transient ischemic attacks, in 9.8 % of cases. One of the most common diseases with which it is necessary to differentiate ischemic stroke in children is migraine. This problem is covered in academic writings that highlight the leading differential diagnostic criteria for migraine and stroke, and also represent a diagnostic algorithm. The clinical features of pediatric stroke, especially manifest symptoms, make it difficult to apply adult screening stroke scales in pediatrics. The article discusses the main scales for the early diagnosis of stroke in adults, and their potential application in pediatric practice. Currently accumulated experience in prehospital and early diagnosis of stroke in children determines the main directions of work to reduce the time of diagnosis of acute cerebrovascular accidents in children, followed by the introduction of reperfusion therapy in pediatric practice.
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: current status of the problem
Authors: Murkamilov I. T. , Sabirov I. S. , Fomin V. V. , Murkamilova Zh. A.
Published: February 2020

One of the most prognostically unfavorable variants of glomerulopathy is focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSHC), which is detected by nephrobiopsy in 5-20% of patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) and in 15% of adult patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. FSGS recurs in a transplanted kidney in 30-50% of patients. Among adult patients with FSH, men predominate. A poor prognosis of FSHC is explained by the heterogeneity of the disease and is exacerbated by a poor response to treatment. According to current data, FSGS is characterized by sclerosis of the mesangial matrix, hyalinosis, damage to capillaries, an increase in foam cells and their adhesion between the glomerular bundle and the Bowman capsule. In 2004, the following histological variants of FSGS were proposed: apical, perichillary, collaborating, cellular and classical. Each histological variant of FSGS differs in etiology, response to treatment, and prognosis. The clinical diagnosis of primary FSHC should be based on the exclusion of secondary causes of the disease. Focal sclerotic changes in the glomeruli can be caused by various factors and occur in various conditions, including the existing kidney pathology. According to international recommendations for the treatment of FSHS, one should focus on the amount of daily proteinuria. For patients with FSHS without pronounced proteinuria, the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) is recommended. In FSGS and NS, immunosuppressive therapy is used along with ACE inhibitors or ARB II. For adult patients, glucocorticoids (HA) are prescribed daily in a single dose at a dose of 1 mg / kg per day, the maximum dose is 80 mg with a daily intake and 120 mg with an alternating regimen. Resistance to HA is detected in the absence of effect after 16 weeks. In the presence of contraindications or intolerance to HA, calcineurin inhibitors are used. The recommended initial dose of cyclosporine is 2 mg / kg / day, taken twice a day with a gradual increase to 3.5-4 mg / kg / day. The duration of therapy with satisfactory tolerance to cyclosporine is more than six months. After achieving complete remission, the dose of cyclosporin is gradually reduced by 0.5 mg / kg / day to the minimum effective dose (1.5-2 mg / kg / day) and such maintenance therapy is carried out for 1-2 years. A treatment option is possible using lower doses of HA and cyclosporine, or a combination of mycophenolate mofetil with a high dose of dexamethasone.
Comportamento de cidadania organizacional: um estudo de regressão linear múltipla na Companhia de Pesquisa de Recursos Minerais (CPRM)
Authors: Gouvea Fabio Santos , Brandão Marcelle Rossi Mello , Vianello Juliano Melquiades
Published: February 2020

A Gestão de Pessoas nas organizações tornou-se uma tarefa em que envolve cada vez mais um número crescente de variáveis. Para as empresas atuarem em vantagem competitiva é importante que adotem estratégias específicas. As ações e gestos discricionários praticados pelos funcionários nas organizações, e que vão além das tarefas determinadas pelo cargo e função na empresa, são considerados o Comportamento de Cidadania Organizacional (CCO) e que é o tema deste estudo. O objetivo é conhecer em que medida as cinco variáveis propostas por Organ (1988) foram percebidas e identificadas na Companhia de Pesquisa de Recursos Minerais (CPRM), considerando a opinião dos seus funcionários. A pesquisa, um estudo de caso com uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, envolveu um universo de 1.704 funcionários, que receberam formulários online, contendo 31 assertivas com base nas cinco variáveis de Organ (1988) e obteve 362 respostas válidas. Os dados coletados foram analisados a partir de um modelo de regressão linear múltipla, que desvendou o grau de influência de cada uma das cinco variáveis propostas por Organ (1988) no CCO dentro da empresa. Tal metodologia de análise aplicada a uma empresa pública federal poderia ser replicada em outras instituições para o mapeamento e a gestão dos fatores que mais impactam na geração de um ambiente colaborativo.
Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones using AHP and Geospatial Techniques in Western Part of Cuddapah Basin, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: M. Ramachandra , K. Raghu Babu , M. Rajasekhar , B. Pradeep Kumar
Published: February 2020

Present study is carried out for delineation of Groundwater Potential Zones (GWPZ) in Western part of Cuddapah basin, Southern India using Remote Sensing (RS), Geographical Information System (GIS) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Various categorized thematic maps: geology, geomorphology (GM), slope, soils, lineament density (LD), drainage density (DD) and gorundwater levels fluctuations (GWLF) were used for mapping and delineation of GWPZs. Suitable and normalized weights were assigned based on AHP to identify GWPZ. The GWPZ map was categorized into five GWPZs types: very poor, poor, moderate, good and very good. About 1.48% (6.05 km2) area is classified in ‘very good’, 25.95% (106.07 km2) in ‘good’, 47.11% (192.53 km2) in ‘moderate’, 22.12% (90.38 km2) in ‘poor’ and 3.34% (13.66 km2) in ‘very poor’ category. The acquired outcomes were validated with water levels fluctuations in pre- and post-monsoon seasons. GIS-based multi-criteria decision making approach is useful for preparation of precise and reliable data. The AHP approach, with the aptitudes of the geospatial data, various data bases can be combined to create conceptual model for identification and estimation of GWPZs.
Estudo do processo de operação de reciclagem de resíduos provenientes da coleta seletiva de lixo no município de Itu/SP
Authors: Venanzi Délvio , Martos Henry Lesjak , Silva Orlando Roque
Published: February 2020

O presente trabalho é resultado de pesquisas realizadas na área de triagem de resíduos sólidos na COMAREI - Cooperativa de Materiais Recicláveis de Itu. Devido ao consumo desenfreado e o aumento do lixo doméstico, cooperativas vêm a necessidade de aprimoramento nos processos de separação e destinação desses resíduos. Novas técnicas ajudam a processar mais materiais e a acelerar o processo de coleta e a destinação de uma quantidade maior de materiais. O objetivo do trabalho é fazer o estudo de caso do funcionamento geral e do sistema de triagem da Cooperativa. A metodologia utilizada foi a realização de visitas com acompanhamento do fluxo de trabalho dos funcionários, observação de procedimentos e conversas espontâneas com os cooperados, além de pesquisa bibliográfica e levantamento de dados secundários. Como resultado se pode observar que os cooperados encontram dificuldade na triagem, pois a população não descarta o material corretamente; impedindo um melhor resultado e aproveitamento do tempo no processo de triagem. A operação do sistema semi mecanizado trabalha com a separação de sete tipologias de resíduos, sendo que dessas apenas cinco têm comercialização garantida.
La prática das evidências documentais na atividade de Auditoría
Authors: Aros Ludivia Hernandez , Cossio Laura Gallego , Riveros Marín Yury Enid , Oyola Bejarano Edwar Dirley
Published: February 2020

El presente artículo analiza la importancia que tiene la obtención, presentación y estudio de la evidencia documental como prueba suficiente y relevante en el encargo de auditoría. Este estudio se soporta en la conceptualización e información teórica sobre las características de un documento válido en el encargo de auditoría, generalidades de los documentos y la importancia de los mismos como prueba de evidencia documental. Metodológicamente el presente estudio es de corte descriptivo, parte de un enfoque cualitativo por basarse en un estudio de información sin medición numérica, utilizando el método analítico. Los resultados de la investigación confirman que la práctica de la evidencia documental-la cual es obtenida a través de la inspección física o electrónica de los documentos que soportan las operaciones y las transacciones- genera mayor confianza y credibilidad en el proceso auditor en lo que respecta al trabajo de campo, debido a que proporciona los elementos necesarios para que el ejercicio de auditoría sea confiable, productivo y a su vez pueda generar valor agregado a la organización objeto de auditoría, convirtiéndose en acciones de mejoramiento y garantía para la empresa y la comunidad.
A Influência de Redes Interpessoais e Interorganizacionais na Inovação de MPEs Brasileiras de Serviços
Authors: Bianchi Caio Giusti , Alves Welington Rodrigues , Rossi George
Published: February 2020

A inovação é uma importante estratégia de sobrevivência e desenvolvimento para micro e pequenas empresas no Brasil, principalmente por meio de redes multinível como fontes de conhecimento. Então, o objetivo do estudo é analisar o impacto de redes multinível nos diferentes tipos de inovação de MPEs brasileiras de serviços. Foram realizados mapeamentos cognitivos causais e entrevistas com empreendedores de três empresas, possibilitando a conclusão de que: 1) redes exógenas são mais influentes na inovação de serviços; 2) redes endógenas são mais influentes na inovação de processos; 3) redes com concorrentes são utilizadas principalmente para inovações de marketing; 4) redes com instituições são essenciais para todos os tipos de inovação, capacitação dos empreendedores e redução da mortalidade das MPEs.
Entendendo a propensão de recompra do consumidor de baixa renda paraense no setor varejista de alimentos
Authors: Oliveira Adriana Socorro Lins , Christino Juliana Maria Magalhães , Moura Luiz Rodrigo Cunha , Paim Newton Amaral
Published: February 2020

O setor varejista possui inúmeros desafios em termos competitivos. Muitos consideram que somente o preço é o responsável pela satisfação e consequente fidelização dos clientes. Todavia, as ferramentas de marketing podem ser usadas para diferenciar e gerar vantagem competitiva para os participantes desse setor. Este é um estudo que mensura os impactos de elementos do marketing na satisfação do consumidor de baixa renda e sua influência com a propensão à recompra. Esta pesquisa tem como intuito principal gerar informações que contribuam com pequenos varejistas de alimentos que busquem melhorar a participação de mercado no segmento de baixa renda. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva em uma cidade paraense e por meio de um survey obteve-se uma amostra com 384 respondentes para mensurar os impactos causados na satisfação de indivíduos com baixa renda pelos fatores Produto, Preço, Ponto de Venda, Promoção e Pessoas. A partir da análise estatística, verificou-se que os fatores Produto, Promoção e Ponto de venda influenciam de forma estatisticamente significativa a satisfação dos clientes e a satisfação influencia de forma estatisticamente significativa a intenção de recompra dos clientes de supermercado. Apesar da amostra ser formada por consumidores de baixa renda, o fator Preço não influencia a satisfação desses consumidores bem como o fator pessoas.
Análise estocástica da viabilidade econômica de uma SPINOFF do setor de irrigação
Authors: Batista Alexandre Teixeira Norberto , Sales Handerson Leonidas , Duarte Francinete Veloso
Published: February 2020

O objetivo geral deste trabalho é apresentar uma análise de viabilidade econômica parauma Spin-off acadêmica, advinda de um projeto de pesquisa de inovação tecnológica, que dê suporte à tomada de decisão dos pesquisadores que pretendem empreender e ainda auxilie os incentivos à adoção de uma cultura empreendera no âmbito da universidade. Uma Spin-Off pode ser compreendida como empresas fundadas na intenção de explorar alguma propriedade intelectual gerada em instituições acadêmicas. A metodologia adotada para investigação e alcance do objetivo proposto foi o estudo bibliográfico, documental e quase-experimental, com caráter exploratório e descritivo da pesquisa denominada: “Processo utilizando o CO2 para dissolução de precipitados de carbonatos em sistemas de irrigação”. Os requisitos de atendimento aos critérios de viabilidade econômica foram apurados por meio dos cálculos de VPL, TIR e payback, tendo em vista um horizonte de cinco anos e uma taxa mínima de atratividade (TMA) de 20%. Junto à análise, atentou-se aos quesitos da inovação tecnológica, pois esta possui uma alta sensibilidade com relação ao mercado. Assim, adicionalmente aos métodos tradicionais de viabilidade, realizou-se uma simulação de Monte Carlo, que permite analisar os resultados estatisticamente, em termos de probabilidade. Os resultados obtidos por intermédio desta análise foram positivos. Além disso, contribuem para sanar as dúvidas de pesquisadores com relação à viabilidade da sua tecnologia.
A new species of Annonaceae, endemic to the limestone karst forests of Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Moreno-Méndez Gaspar , Ortiz-Rodriguez Andrés Ernesto
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground and Aims: In Mexico, the Neotropical genera of Annonaceae tribe Miliuseae, including Sapranthus, Stenanona and the Mexican endemic genus Tridimeris, are particularly diverse and many of their species are endemic to this country. This diversity is not fully documented and many new species have been discovered as a result of recent botanical explorations in southern Mexico. Here, we describe a new species of Stenanona.Methods: We collected a new species of Stenanona during field work in a little known karst forest area located in the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico. The new species was recognized using the unique combination of features through comparisons with morphologically similar species and literature review. We assessed its conservation status by calculating its extent of occurrence (EOO) and its area of occupancy (AOO) using the GeoCAT tool and applying the IUCN Red List Categories and criteria.Key results: A new species of Annonaceae, namely Stenanona morenoi, endemic to karstic forests of southern Mexico, is described and illustrated.  According to the criteria established by the IUCN, it is possible to tentatively determine the species as Critically Endangered (CR B1ab (iii)).Conclusions: Based on its general floral morphology, S. morenoi is hypothesized to belong to subclade A of the Desmopsis-Stenanona clade. Within this lineage, S. morenoi shares several morphological features with S. migueliana, S. stenopetala and S. zoque.
Ajuste de ecuaciones alométricas para estimar biomasa aérea en Pinus oocarpa y Quercus resinosa en Guerrero, México
Authors: Navarro-Martínez José , Godínez-Jaimes Flaviano , López-López Miguel Ángel , Rosas-Acevedo José Luis , Juárez-López Ana Laura , Reyes-Umaña Maximino
Published: February 2020

Los árboles capturan y almacenan grandes cantidades de carbono en su biomasa e impactan positivamente en la mitigación de los gases de efecto invernadero (GEI). Hasta esta fecha, no existen ecuaciones alométricas que estimen la biomasa de árboles del estado de Guerrero, México. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo generar ecuaciones para estimar la biomasa aérea de árboles de Pinus oocarpa Schiede y Quercus resinosa Liebmann. Se realizó un muestreo destructivo de 33 árboles para la primera especie y 19 para la segunda, distribuidos en el bosque templado de la microcuenca del río Hueyapa, Guerrero, México. La biomasa de los componentes del árbol se estimó con base en el peso seco de 6 a 14 muestras por componente arbóreo, según el tamaño del árbol. Se ajustaron modelos potenciales en su forma lineal y con transformación Box-Cox. El modelo que mejor estimó la biomasa aérea en P. oocarpa fue el potencial y para Q. resinosa fue el que se obtuvo con la transformación Box-Cox, usando logaritmo del diámetro normal ( ) y la variable combinada transformada  como variable independiente. Las ecuaciones alométricas generadas rellenan el vacío existente para la estimación de la biomasa aérea de estas especies forestales en el estado de Guerrero.
Understanding Students’ Mental Well-Being Challenges on a University Campus: Interview Study
Authors: Park Sun Young , Andalibi Nazanin , Zou Yikai , Ambulkar Siddhant , Huh-Yoo Jina
Published: February 2020

Background

Research shows that emerging adults face numerous stressors as they transition from adolescence to adulthood. This paper investigates university students’ lived experiences of maintaining mental well-being during major life events and challenges associated with this transitional period. As we continue to design health technology to support students’ mental health needs, it is imperative to understand the fundamental needs and issues particular to this phase of their life to effectively engage and lower the barriers to seeking help.

Objective

This study first aimed to understand how university students currently seek and receive support to maintain their mental well-being while going through frequent life events during this period of emerging adulthood. The study then aimed to provide design requirements for how social and technical systems should support the students’ mental well-being maintenance practice.

Methods

Semistructured interviews with 19 students, including graduate and undergraduate students, were conducted at a large university in the Midwest in the United States.

Results

This study’s findings identified three key needs: students (1) need to receive help that aligns with the perceived severity of the problem caused by a life event, (2) have to continuously rebuild relationships with support givers because of frequent life events, and (3) negotiate tensions between the need to disclose and the stigma associated with disclosure. The study also identified three key factors related to maintaining mental well-being: time, audience, and disclosure.

Conclusions

On the basis of this study’s empirical findings, we discuss how and when help should be delivered through technology to better address university students’ needs for maintaining their mental well-being, and we argue for reconceptualizing seeking and receiving help as a colearning process.
Artificial Intelligence-Based Differential Diagnosis: Development and Validation of a Probabilistic Model to Address Lack of Large-Scale Clinical Datasets
Authors: Chishti Shahrukh , Jaggi Karan Raj , Saini Anuj , Agarwal Gaurav , Ranjan Ashish
Published: February 2020

Background

Machine-learning or deep-learning algorithms for clinical diagnosis are inherently dependent on the availability of large-scale clinical datasets. Lack of such datasets and inherent problems such as overfitting often necessitate the development of innovative solutions. Probabilistic modeling closely mimics the rationale behind clinical diagnosis and represents a unique solution.

Objective

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a probabilistic model for differential diagnosis in different medical domains.

Methods

Numerical values of symptom-disease associations were utilized to mathematically represent medical domain knowledge. These values served as the core engine for the probabilistic model. For the given set of symptoms, the model was utilized to produce a ranked list of differential diagnoses, which was compared to the differential diagnosis constructed by a physician in a consult. Practicing medical specialists were integral in the development and validation of this model. Clinical vignettes (patient case studies) were utilized to compare the accuracy of doctors and the model against the assumed gold standard. The accuracy analysis was carried out over the following metrics: top 3 accuracy, precision, and recall.

Results

The model demonstrated a statistically significant improvement (P=.002) in diagnostic accuracy (85%) as compared to the doctors’ performance (67%). This advantage was retained across all three categories of clinical vignettes: 100% vs 82% (P<.001) for highly specific disease presentation, 83% vs 65% for moderately specific disease presentation (P=.005), and 72% vs 49% (P<.001) for nonspecific disease presentation. The model performed slightly better than the doctors’ average in precision (62% vs 60%, P=.43) but there was no improvement with respect to recall (53% vs 56%, P=.27). However, neither difference was statistically significant.

Conclusions

The present study demonstrates a drastic improvement over previously reported results that can be attributed to the development of a stable probabilistic framework utilizing symptom-disease associations to mathematically represent medical domain knowledge. The current iteration relies on static, manually curated values for calculating the degree of association. Shifting to real-world data–derived values represents the next step in model development.
The Differences of Malondialdehyde Serum Level, Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, and the Area of Endometriotic Implants in Administration of Kebar Grass Extract (Biophytum petersianum) and Green Tea Extract (Camelia sinensis) to Mice
Authors: Trisetiyono Yuli , Pramono Noor , Hidayat Syarief Thaufik , Widjiati Widjiati
Published: February 2020

The pathological pathway of endometriosis remains unclear and involves complex etiologies. Increased oxidative stress is understood to be related to this disease. Oxidative stress produces reactive oxygen species, causes inflammation that is characterized by recruiting lymphocytes and phagocyte activation, produces cytokines that induce oxidation enzyme, and supports epithelium growth. Oxidative stress conjointly will increase angiogenesis and promotes the proliferation of endometriosis tissue within the peritoneal cavity. Kebar grass and green tea contain high antioxidants, are expected to extend antioxidant defense leading to reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, angiogenesis, and reduced endometriosis tissue implants. The objective is to analyze the consequences of Kebar grass and green tea extract to MDA serum level, TNF-α, and VEGF expression, and the area of the endometriotic implants in the mice models.  The study was an experiment designed. It has been conducted within the Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Airlangga University. Twenty-one mice were divided into three groups, i.e., the first group of mouse models was given Kebar extract 3 mg/day; the second group was assigned green tea extract 1.1 mg/day; therefore the third group was a control group contains the untreated endometriosis mice. Each treatment was given for fourteen days. MDA serum level was measured by specto-photometric examination, the area of the endometriotic implants was measured by computer tracing technique, whereas TNF-α and VEGF expression of endometriotic implants were measured by IHC using Rammele Scale Index (ImmunoReactive Score). The MDA serum levels of the groups treated with Kebar grass extract and green tea extract were significantly lower than the control group (0.09±0.022 mmol, 0.07±0.019 mmol, and 0.30±0.062 mmol, respectively; p=0.001). TNF-α expression of the groups supplied with each treatment also lower than the control groups (2.43±1.521, 3.66±1.422, and 7.26±2.898, respectively; p=0.002). However, VEGF expression was not significantly different between Kebar grass extract group, green tea group, and the control (4.34±2.402, 4.57±1.998, 7.40±3.495, respectively; p=0.089). Finally, the area of the endometriotic implants of the mice models administered with all treatment was smaller than the control group (0.01±0.025 mm2, 8.76±18.776 mm2, and 34.80±13.079 mm2, respectively; p=0.003). Conclusion: Kebar grass extract, as well as green tea extract administration to endometriosis model mice, resulted in lower MDA serum level and TNF-α expression, smaller the area of endometriotic implants compared, but not resulted in a significant difference of VEGF expression.
Assessment of Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) of Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.,) Peels to Eschericia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, and Proteus mirabilis
Authors: Pratiwi Liza
Published: February 2020

Mangosteen peels have antibacterial activity. SNEDDS has many advantages in developing a drug delivery system to increase the penetration of active compounds. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the antibacterial SNEDDS of ethyl acetate fraction from mangosteen peels and ethyl acetate fraction of mangosteen peels without SNEDDS preparation as an antibacterial against Eschericia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, and Proteus mirabilis, that cause diabetic ulcers. This research began with maceration. The thick ethanol extracts were continued and fractionation was carried out with ethyl acetate solvents then was formulated into SNEDDS. The measurement of the antibacterial activity with the bacterial growth inhibition parameters of SNEDDS preparations extracted from ethyl acetate fraction of mangosteen peels was compared with ethyl acetate fraction of mangosteen peels without SNEDDS preparation. Data were analyzed using independent sample T-Test. The results showed the SNEDDS preparation of ethyl acetate fraction from mangosteen peel had activity against both types of bacteria causing diabetic ulcers, but it had no activity against Proteus mirabilis. The results of statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in the activity of SNEDDS ethyl acetate fraction of mangosteen peels and ethyl acetate fraction of mangosteen peels without SNEDDS in Eschericia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Pengaruh Instabilitas Makroekonomi Terhadap Non-Performing Financing Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Mahdi Fadilla Muhammad
Published: February 2020

This study aims to identify the determinants of non-performing financing (NPF) in Islamic banks in Indonesia. The study objects are the Islamic banking industry during the first quarter of 2008 until the third quarter of 2019. The variables in this study are inflation, growth of Gross Domestic Product (PDB), and Bank Indonesia rate. The statistic method used is the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The result shows that inflation shock significantly affects the trend of NPF, while others do not give significant effect to NPF of Islamic Banking.
LAGU POP BALI DALAM PELESTARIAN BUDAYA BALI
Authors: Mardika I Nyoman , Sumantra I Dewa Putu
Published: February 2020

Balinese Pop Songs is an important media to help preserve Balinese culture, especially the Balinese language. In addition to the Balinese language is now increasingly less attractive to the younger generation of the main generation who were eroded by the development of globalization due to the increase in technological development. As a media, Balinese Pop Songs have been developing since the 1970s are now facing challenges in the development of the music world. Because, on the other hand, Balinese pop songs are expected to continue to exist, while on the other side, they are expected to help preserve Balinese culture. The concept of preservation published here is through the Balinese pop song Balinese language which is increasingly marginalized due to the insistence of globalization. The Balinese language which is the basis for Balinese pop songs must remain a prominent feature even though sometimes there must be Indonesian, regional and foreign languages as interludes. The use of Balinese language which dominates is certainly directly to invite listeners or viewers to participate in preserving the use of Balinese language. Balinese language as part of Balinese culture must be able to face the development of the dynamics Balinese culture.