bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the impact of magnetic fields on biomass production efficiency under aerobic and anaerobic batch fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Sincak M. , Turker M. , Derman Ü. C. , Erdem A. , Jandacka P. , Luptak M. , Luptakova A. , Sedlakova-Kadukova J.
Published: June 2024

In this work, the effect of moderate electromagnetic fields (2.5, 10, and 15 mT) was studied using an immersed coil inserted directly into a bioreactor on batch cultivation of yeast under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Throughout the cultivation, parameters, including CO2 levels, O2 saturation, nitrogen consumption, glucose uptake, ethanol production, and yeast growth (using OD 600 measurements at 1-h intervals), were analysed. The results showed that 10 and 15 mT magnetic fields not only statistically significantly boosted and sped up biomass production (by 38–70%), but also accelerated overall metabolism, accelerating glucose, oxygen, and nitrogen consumption, by 1–2 h. The carbon balance analysis revealed an acceleration in ethanol and glycerol production, albeit with final concentrations by 22–28% lower, with a more pronounced effect in aerobic cultivation. These findings suggest that magnetic fields shift the metabolic balance toward biomass formation rather than ethanol production, showcasing their potential to modulate yeast metabolism. Considering coil heating, opting for the 10 mT magnetic field is preferable due to its lower heat generation. In these terms, we propose that magnetic field can be used as novel tool to increase biomass yield and accelerate yeast metabolism.
Healthy assemblages of Isidella elongata unintentionally protected from trawling offshore of Asinara Island (northwestern Sardinia, NW Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: Angiolillo M. , Di Lorenzo B. , Izzi A. , Giusti M. , Nonnis O. , Pazzini A. , Trabucco B. , Tunesi L.
Published: June 2024

Deep-sea coral assemblages are marine biodiversity hot spots. Because of their life history traits, deep-sea corals are highly vulnerable to the impacts of human activities such as fishing. The critically endangered “bamboo coral” Isidella elongata is a key structuring species of deep muddy bottoms that is susceptible to habitat destruction, particularly from trawling. A shallow population of this species was recently discovered by a multibeam and ROV survey offshore of the Asinara Island marine protected area (MPA) (northwestern Sardinia, NW Mediterranean Sea). This vulnerable marine assemblage has been found under healthy conditions at depths ranging from 110 to 298 m. Isidella elongata occurs on a muddy seafloor locally characterised by boulders associated with black coral species (Parantipathes larix and Antipathes dichotoma). The lush colonies of I. elongata seem to be related to natural protection from bottom trawling activity; nevertheless, the presence of lost fishing artisanal nets has been observed in the study area. These structuring species are indicators of vulnerable marine ecosystems, and their conservation is essential for preserving marine biodiversity. Therefore, enlarging the perimeter of the Asinara Island MPA into its deeper western waters is suggested to ensure the protection of these valuable and vulnerable marine ecosystems.
Brain network topology and its cognitive impact in adult glioma survivors
Authors: De Roeck Laurien , Blommaert Jeroen , Dupont Patrick , Sunaert Stefan , Sleurs Charlotte , Lambrecht Maarten
Published: June 2024

Structural brain network topology can be altered in case of a brain tumor, due to both the tumor itself and its treatment. In this study, we explored the role of structural whole-brain and nodal network metrics and their association with cognitive functioning. Fifty WHO grade 2–3 adult glioma survivors (> 1-year post-therapy) and 50 matched healthy controls underwent a cognitive assessment, covering six cognitive domains. Raw cognitive assessment scores were transformed into w-scores, corrected for age and education. Furthermore, based on multi-shell diffusion-weighted MRI, whole-brain tractography was performed to create weighted graphs and to estimate whole-brain and nodal graph metrics. Hubs were defined based on nodal strength, betweenness centrality, clustering coefficient and shortest path length in healthy controls. Significant differences in these metrics between patients and controls were tested for the hub nodes (i.e. n = 12) and non-hub nodes (i.e. n = 30) in two mixed-design ANOVAs. Group differences in whole-brain graph measures were explored using Mann–Whitney U tests. Graph metrics that significantly differed were ultimately correlated with the cognitive domain-specific w-scores. Bonferroni correction was applied to correct for multiple testing. In survivors, the bilateral putamen were significantly less frequently observed as a hub (pbonf < 0.001). These nodes’ assortativity values were positively correlated with attention (r(90) > 0.573, pbonf < 0.001), and proxy IQ (r(90) > 0.794, pbonf < 0.001). Attention and proxy IQ were significantly more often correlated with assortativity of hubs compared to non-hubs (pbonf < 0.001). Finally, the whole-brain graph measures of clustering coefficient (r = 0.685), global (r = 0.570) and local efficiency (r = 0.500) only correlated with proxy IQ (pbonf < 0.001). This study demonstrated potential reorganization of hubs in glioma survivors. Assortativity of these hubs was specifically associated with cognitive functioning, which could be important to consider in future modeling of cognitive outcomes and risk classification in glioma survivors.
Retraction: Engineering selective CO2 photoreduction by tailored interfacial design of P-modulated CuPc/B-C3N4 heterojunction for improved C2H4 selectivity
Authors: Khan Imran , Miao Baoji , Khan Salman , Zada Amir , Ali Sharafat , Rizwan Muhammad , Khan Afsar , Alodhayb Abdullah , Shah Muhammad Ishaq Ali
Published: June 2024

Retraction of ‘Engineering selective CO2 photoreduction by tailored interfacial design of P-modulated CuPc/B-C3N4 heterojunction for improved C2H4 selectivity’ by Imran Khan et al., Catal. Sci. Technol., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3cy01447a.
Arene displacement, C–H activation and acetonitrile insertion reactions enabled by coordination of a functionalized iminophosphorane to a RuII–p-cymene scaffold
Authors: Gourkhede Rani , Kaur Bhupinder , Kote Basvaraj S. , Balakrishna Maravanji S.
Published: June 2024

Reaction of iminophosphorano-phosphine with [Ru(η6-p-cymene)Cl2]2 yielded three different types of complex via CH activation, tethered η6-arene coordination, ortho-metallation or addition/insertion/cleavage/rearrangement reactions.
Sulfur ion-exchange strategy to obtain Bi2S3 nanostructures from Bi2O3 for better water splitting performance
Authors: Danamah Hamdan M. , Al-Hejri Tariq M. , Jadhav Vijakumar V. , Shaikh Zeenat A. , Siddiqui T. A. J. , Shaikh Shoyebmohamad F. , Mane Rajaram S.
Published: June 2024

A two-step simple and efficient ion-exchange chemical strategy is suggested to obtain nanostructured Bi2S3 electrodes from Bi2O3.
Ultra-large dipole moment organic cations derived 3D/2D p–n heterojunction for high-efficiency carbon-based perovskite solar cells
Authors: Lin Yu , Tang Jiawei , Yan Haocong , Lin Jiaru , Wang Wenran , Zhang Shengsen , Rao Huashang , Pan Zhenxiao , Zhong Xinhua
Published: June 2024

The organic spacer cation with ultra-large dipole moment results in the formation of p-type 2D perovskites and 3D/2D p–n junctions. The hole transport layer-free carbon-based perovskite solar cells achieve an efficiency of 20.08%.
A hot carrier perovskite solar cell with efficiency exceeding 27% enabled by ultrafast hot hole transfer with phthalocyanine derivatives
Authors: Gong Shaokuan , Qu Geping , Qiao Ying , Wen Yifan , Huang Yuling , Cai Siyuan , Zhang Letian , Jiang Kui , Liu Shang , Lin Meng , Beard Matthew C. , Xu Zong-Xiang , Chen Xihan
Published: June 2024

Illustration of hot hole transfer through interfacial S–Pb interactions, and a peak efficiency of 27.30% was achieved under 5.9 suns via ultrafast hot hole extraction.
PLGA micro/nanoparticle vaccination elicits non-tumor antigen specific resident memory CD8+ T cell protection from hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Pan , Zhai Zihe , Fang Jiawen , Wang Ruo , Li Weiqi , Wang Beiduo , Wang Jinglei , Zhu Jiaqi , Bing Feng , Pan Qiaoling , Gao ChangYou , Lu ShaoHong
Published: June 2024

Non-tumor antigen specific CD8+ memory T cells (TRMs) can be activated by vaccination and work synergistically with tumor-specific T cells for anti-tumor immunity.
High-performance flexible resistive random-access memory based on SnS2 quantum dots with a charge trapping/de-trapping effect
Authors: An Hua , Li Yiyang , Ren Yi , Wan Yili , Wang Weigao , Sun Zhenhua , Zhong Junwen , Peng Zhengchun
Published: June 2024

High-quality SnS2 quantum dots were successfully prepared and applied to a flexible memristor with excellent resistive transition performance.
Effective surface passivation of GaAs nanowire photodetectors by a thin ZnO capping
Authors: Shang Fuxiang , Zha Chaofei , Zhu Hanchen , Zhang Zheyu , Shen Yuanhao , Hou Qichao , Zhang Linjun , Chu Yanmeng , Chen Lulu , Zhao Junjie , Fang Wenzhang , Zhang Yishu , Cheng Zhiyuan , Zhang Yunyan
Published: June 2024

A passivated GaAs NW by thin ZnO boots photodetector performance.
Synthetic DNA nanopores for direct molecular transmission between lipid vesicles
Authors: Peng Zugui , Kanno Shoichiro , Shimba Kenta , Miyamoto Yoshitaka , Yagi Tohru
Published: June 2024

We designed a pair of DNA nanopores that can connect and form a direct molecular pathway between lipid vesicles.
Atomic force microscopy analysis of Pel polysaccharide- and type IV pili-mediated adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 to an abiotic surface
Authors: Beaussart Audrey , Paiva Telmo O. , Geiger Christopher J. , Baker Amy E. , O'Toole George A. , Dufrêne Yves F.
Published: June 2024

Type IV pili (TFP) and Pel polysaccharide contribute to the ability of microbes such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa to engage with and move across surfaces.
Universal pH electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution with Au-based high entropy alloys
Authors: Jeong Sangmin , Branco Anthony J. , Bollen Silas W. , Sullivan Connor S. , Ross Michael B.
Published: June 2024

The synthesis of AuPdFeNiCo high entropy alloy nanoparticles is reported. These nanoparticles exhibit robust hydrogen evolution activity quantified over a broad pH range, with higher activity than any of the unary metal counterparts.
Destabilized reporters for background-subtracted, chemically-gated, and multiplexed deep-tissue imaging
Authors: Yun Jason , Huang Yimeng , Miller Austin D. C. , Chang Brandon L. , Baldini Logan , Dhanabalan Kaamini M. , Li Eugene , Li Honghao , Mukherjee Arnab
Published: June 2024

Biochemically destabilized aquaporin allows for small-molecule modulation of genetically encoded MRI signals, enabling the detection of transcriptional activity in deep tissues in a background-free, drug-gated, and chemically multiplexed manner.
Helical polycyclic hydrocarbons with open-shell singlet ground states and ambipolar redox behaviors
Authors: Jiang Qing , Tang Hui , Peng Yuchen , Hu Zhenni , Zeng Wangdong
Published: June 2024

Two new quinodimethane-embedded expanded helicenes were synthesized, showing an open-shell singlet diradical character. Moreover, the effect of electron transfer on their backbones and aromaticity was also studied.
Efficient minimum blind area model for system and interference uncertainty
Authors: Guo Yu , Ge Songhu , Meng Jin
Published: June 2024

In the anti‐interference of broadband communication radio, interference cancellation performance is seriously affected by the uncertainty of the working frequency selection of the communication system and the direction of hostile interference. The closed‐form solution of the interference cancellation weight value and the signal‐to‐interference noise ratio after the cancellation are derived and simplified to clarify the factors affecting interference cancellation quality. Then, the efficient blind area criterion is established for the low computational complexity in view of cancellation quality, which combines the radio communication index and anti‐interference demand index. Based on this criterion, the minimum blind area model is proposed for robust performance. The experimental results in the auxiliary antenna spacing optimisation are consistent with the theoretical analysis, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed model in dealing with uncertain communication frequency and interference direction. It is very promising in communication interference cancellation.
Description of turbulent dynamics in the interstellar medium: Multifractal microcanonical analysis
Authors: Rashidi A. , Yahia H. , Bontemps S. , Schneider N. , Bonne L. , Hennebelle P. , Scholtys J. , Attuel G. , Turiel A. , Simon R. , Cailly A. , Zebadua A. , Cherif A. , Lacroix C. , Martin M. , El Aouni A. , Sakka C. , Maji S. K.
Published: June 2024

We present significant improvements to our previous work on noise reduction inHerschelobservation maps by defining sparse filtering tools capable of handling, in a unified formalism, a significantly improved noise reduction as well as a deconvolution in order to reduce effects introduced by the limited instrumental response (beam). We implement greater flexibility by allowing a wider choice of parsimonious priors in the noise-reduction process. More precisely, we introduce a sparse filtering and deconvolution approach approach of typel2-lp,withp> 0 variable and apply it to a larger set of molecular clouds usingHerschel250 μm data in order to demonstrate their wide range of application. In theHerscheldata, we are able to use this approach to highlight extremely fine filamentary structures and obtain singularity spectra that tend to show a significantly less log-normal behavior and a filamentary nature in the less dense regions. We also use high-resolution adaptive magneto-hydrodynamic simulation data to assess the quality of deconvolution in such a simulated beaming framework.
Mass and wind luminosity of young Galactic open clusters in Gaia DR2
Authors: Celli S. , Specovius A. , Menchiari S. , Mitchell A. , Morlino G.
Published: June 2024

Context. Star clusters constitute a significant part of the stellar population in our Galaxy. The feedback processes they exert on the interstellar medium impact multiple physical processes from the chemical to the dynamical evolution of the Galaxy. In addition, young and massive stellar clusters might act as efficient particle accelerators and contribute to the production of cosmic rays.

Aims. We aim at evaluating the wind luminosity driven by the young (< 30 Myr) Galactic open stellar clusters observed by the Gaia space mission. This is crucial for determining the energy channeled into accelerated particles.

Methods. To do this, we developed a method relying on the number, magnitude, and line-of-sight extinction of the stars observed per cluster. Assuming that the stellar mass function follows a Kroupa mass distribution and accounting for the maximum stellar mass allowed by the age and mass of the parent cluster, we conservatively estimated the mass and wind luminosity of 387 local clusters within the second data release of Gaia.

Results. We compared the results of our computation with recent estimates of young cluster masses. With respect to these, our sample is three times more abundant, particularly above a few thousand solar masses. This is of the utmost relevance for predicting the gamma-ray emission resulting from the interaction of accelerated particles. The cluster wind luminosity distribution we obtained extends up to 3 × 1038 erg s−1. This is a promising feature in terms of potential particle acceleration scenarios.
Swarm intelligence for full Stokes dynamic imaging reconstruction of interferometric data
Authors: Mus Alejandro , Müller Hendrik , Lobanov Andrei
Published: June 2024

Context. In very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), the combination of multiple antennas permits the synthesis of a virtual telescope with a larger diameter and consequently higher resolution than the individual antennas. However, due to the sparse nature of the array, recovering an image from the observed data is a challenging ill-posed inverse problem.

Aims. The VLBI community is interested in not only recovering an image in total intensity from interferometric data, but also in obtaining results in the polarimetric and the temporal domain. Only a few algorithms are able to work in all these domains simultaneously. In particular, the algorithms based on optimization that consider various penalty terms specific to static total intensity imaging, time-variability and polarimetry are restricted to grids in the domain of the objective function. In this work we present a novel algorithm, multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MO-PSO), that is able to recover the optimal weights without any space-gridding, and to obtain the marginal contribution of each of the playing terms.

Methods. To this end, we utilized multiobjective optimization together with particle swarm metaheuristics. We let the swarm of weights converge to the best position.

Results. We evaluate our algorithm with synthetic data sets that are representative for the main science targets and instrumental configuration of the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration (EHTC) and its planned successors. We successfully recover the polarimetric, static, and time-dynamic signature of the ground truth movie' even with relative sparsity, and a set of realistic data corruptions.

Conclusions. We have built a novel, fast, hyperparameter space gridding-free algorithm that successfully recovers static and dynamic polarimetric reconstructions. Compared to regularized maximum likelihood (RML) methods, it avoids the need for parameter surveys, and it is not limited to the number of pixels, unlike recently proposed multiobjective imaging algorithms. Hence, this technique is a novel useful alternative tool to characterize full Stokes time-(in)dependent signatures in a VLBI data set robustly with a minimal set of user-based choices.
Ground-based image deconvolution with Swin Transformer UNet
Authors: Akhaury U. , Jablonka P. , Starck J.-L. , Courbin F.
Published: June 2024

Aims. As ground-based all-sky astronomical surveys will gather millions of images in the coming years, a critical requirement emerges for the development of fast deconvolution algorithms capable of efficiently improving the spatial resolution of these images. By successfully recovering clean and high-resolution images from these surveys, the objective is to deepen the understanding of galaxy formation and evolution through accurate photometric measurements.

Methods. We introduce a two-step deconvolution framework using a Swin Transformer architecture. Our study reveals that the deep learning-based solution introduces a bias, constraining the scope of scientific analysis. To address this limitation, we propose a novel third step relying on the active coefficients in the sparsity wavelet framework.

Results. We conducted a performance comparison between our deep learning-based method and Firedec, a classical deconvolution algorithm, based on an analysis of a subset of the EDisCS cluster samples. We demonstrate the advantage of our method in terms of resolution recovery, generalisation to different noise properties, and computational efficiency. The analysis of this cluster sample not only allowed us to assess the efficiency of our method, but it also enabled us to quantify the number of clumps within these galaxies in relation to their disc colour. This robust technique that we propose holds promise for identifying structures in the distant universe through ground-based images.
A conclusive non-detection of magnetic field in the Am star o Peg with high-precision near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Kochukhov O. , Amarsi A. M. , Lavail A. , Ruh H. L. , Hahlin A. , Hatzes A. , Nagel E. , Piskunov N. , Pouilly K. , Reiners A. , Rengel M. , Seemann U. , Shulyak D.
Published: June 2024

Context. The A-type metallic-line (Am) stars are typically considered to be non-magnetic or to possess very weak sub-G magnetic fields. This view has been repeatedly challenged in the literature; most commonly for the bright hot Am star o Peg. Several studies claim to have detected 1–2 kG field of unknown topology in this object, possibly indicating a new process of magnetic-field generation in intermediate-mass stars.

Aims. In this study, we revisit the evidence of a strong magnetic field in o Peg using new high-resolution spectropolarimetric observations and advanced spectral fitting techniques.

Methods. We estimated the mean magnetic field strength in o Peg from the high-precision CRyogenic InfraRed Echelle Spectrograph (CRIRES+) measurement of near-infrared (NIR) sulphur lines. We modelled this observation with a polarised radiative transfer code, including treatment of the departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium. In addition, we used the least-squares deconvolution multi-line technique to derive longitudinal field measurements from archival optical spectropolarimetric observations of this star.

Results. Our analysis of the NIR S I lines reveals no evidence of Zeeman broadening, ruling out magnetic field with a strength exceeding 260 G. This null result is compatible with the relative intensification of Fe II lines in the optical spectrum, taking into account blending and uncertain atomic parameters of the relevant diagnostic transitions. Longitudinal field measurements on three different nights also yield null results with a precision of 2 G.

Conclusions. This study refutes the claims of kG-strength dipolar or tangled magnetic field in o Peg. This star therefore appears to be non-magnetic, with surface magnetic field characteristics no different from those of other Am stars.
Digital transformation of industrial enterprises as a strategic tool for sustainable development
Authors: Shvydenko N.V. , Oleynikova Y.A. , Lisitsin V.G.
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the issue of digital transformation of the management system of a manufacturing company in terms of sustainable development of the Russian economy. A reasoned and objective approach to this problem based on the patterns of development of socio-economic systems and systematization of methodological aspects for building digital business management systems made it possible to develop effective strategic tools in order to increase the efficiency of production and management activities of an enterprise. The authors present statistical data on the use of digital technologies by the industrial enterprises in 2022 and analyze the features of digital changes in the management system of manufacturing companies. As a result, the main stages of the development and adaptation of the digital transformation strategy of a modern production facility are drawn up, which consist of developing the digital transformation concept and the process of conversion into a digital enterprise.
Formation of the complete technological bases of machine parts for mechanical processing
Authors: Ubaydullaev G.K. , Khakimzyanov R.R.
Published: June 2024

The paper examines the problems of developing theoretical conditions and obtaining practical results for the formation of technological bases for parts during their machining. In this case, the basis is the information model of the geometric image of the part, which contains information about the nature of the surfaces of the parts and their mutual reference in the considered coordinate system, as well as the set of required surfaces for the orientation of each surface separately. Taking into account the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of surfaces with different structural and technological content, the technological limits of their use in the basing of parts are determined. The conditions were determined and the requirements for technological bases were formulated. From the set of technological parts, installation bases were identified and arranged, taking into account ensuring the required level of their processing with the least possible transitions. At the same time, the order of installation bases of parts is carried out on their abstract model, reflecting their structure. On the basis of the established assembly bases of parts, taking into account the requirements for the orientation of their surfaces in relation to the considered coordinate system, as well as the technological capabilities of each surface, sets of bases for the corresponding technological process are formed and their sequence of application is determined on the basis of the accepted structure of the general machining of parts. The results of the formation of a set of technological bases are presented on the example of a pulley hub for engine crankshafts for their subsequent mechanical processing.
Nonlinearity of the heterogeneous process of zinc release in flow Batteries
Authors: Chebakova Violetta , Dmitriev Maksim , Kashapov Nail , Kormushin Konstantins
Published: June 2024

Currently, there is a worldwide search for technologies allowing to use alternative (renewable) energy sources. It is related to both the environmental degradation and the growing demand for electricity. In recent times, concerning the transition to “alternative” types of energy, there was a great interest in flow hybrid-type batteries, specifically, zinc ones. Since these energy batteries have a number of issues associated with the formation of zinc dendrites, the hydrogen release and the corrosion, research is being conducted to improve technologies. Mathematical modeling is one of the methods for studying fundamental processes occurring at the interface in heterogeneous systems. In this article, it is proposed a numerical algorithm that allows to find rate constants of near-electrode processes, predict the yield and study the influence of separate processes. The algorithm is exemplified by the problem of zinc release predicting with competing reaction of hydrogen release during the electrolysis of a sodium hydroxide solution containing sodium tetrahydroxozicate. This algorithm is verified using full-scale experiments. Thus, in this article, there are found the constants of cathodic stepwise electrochemical reactions of zinc powder production using direct search method. In order to solve a direct problem consisting of kinetic equations describing stepwise cathodic reactions, it was tested explicit and implicit Runge-Kutta methods. Calculations have shown that at the initial phase of nucleus growth (teeting) has a great influence. Therefore, at the initial phase during the formation of zinc nucleus on steel electrode it is observed a delinearity of process. Further, the linearity of the process is eventually established.
Physical and mathematical modeling of coding technology and RFID marking system
Authors: Khamzaev Dilshod , Abdurakhmonov Sultonali , Khamzaev Inomjon
Published: June 2024

The increase in production volumes in the modern world leads to the need for the growth of various systems for encoding information about a particular product, moving on to the topic of improving labeling systems. This study examines the possibilities for further improvement of the RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) marking system, which is currently in greatest demand for classifying various units of goods. General information about this technology in a general sense is provided, after which, from the point of view of physical and mathematical modeling, the method of using electromagnetic induction to read data from markings is described in detail. During the technology analysis, various mathematical methods were used, including partial differential equations, integral equations and other physical and mathematical expressions for a general analysis of the processes under study. The conclusion provides general conclusions regarding the study, as well as information on the need for further improvement of this technology using various methods.
Physico-chemical properties of nanocomposites based on multi-component hybrid quantum dots
Authors: Islomova Zarangiz , Ishankulov Alisher , Khalilov Kadriddin , Shamilov Radik , Mukhamadiev Nurali , Galyametdinov Yuriy
Published: June 2024

Composites of inorganic nano-objects such as quantum dots (QDs) and organic materials such as luminescent or polymers can be developed based on them for special applications such as optical devices, electro-optical devices and computing. In the study, nanocomposites based on multi-component quantum dots were obtained and nanocomposites were obtained by inserting them into polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). First, core-shell hybrid quantum dots were synthesized, then core/shell/shell systems were obtained, and their absorption, luminescence spectra and sizes were obtained. In this work, information is presented about the opening of wide opportunities for the use of semiconductor nanocrystals related to obtaining new hybrid nanocomposite systems for nanomedicine and biomedicine.
Sustainable development of the mining industry in the context of digital transformation
Authors: Mottaeva Angela , Gordeyeva Yelena
Published: June 2024

The article considers the processes and prospects of the mining industry sustainable development. The main results of the study include the substantiation of the introduction of digital transformation processes as the main global trend of the mining enterprises sustainable development, along with the use of high-tech innovative approaches. The presented study considers the impact of the digital technological revolution “Industry 4.0” on the prospects for the of the mining industry development. The comprehensive analysis of the state, problems, advantages and disadvantages of the mining enterprises functioning in the context of constantly changing external and internal factors of economic and foreign policy development of modern Russia has been carried out. The factors determining the relevance of the digital transformation of mining enterprises, promising directions for the development of geotechnology in the 21st century, are considered, using the example of the introduction of intelligent Mining 4.0. (Mining 4.0.) and the construction of intelligent digital mines. The mechanisms and digital solutions, which implementation will solve thef key tasks, are considered. The practical application of the research results will allow mining enterprises to reach a new sustainable level of the development as well as to increase the competitiveness in the global market.
The influence of raw materials on the biochemical profile of distillates
Authors: Asfondiarova Irina , Golovkina Svetlana , Illarionova Ksenia , Mukhutdinov Ruslan , Katkova Nina , Demchenko Vera
Published: June 2024

This study focuses on exploring novel ingredients for the production of safe, high-quality alcoholic beverages and enhancing the processes involved in fermenting beverages. These efforts aim to support local community development initiatives targeting food security, food sovereignty, and small businesses. The article presents the technology for producing distillates from vegetative raw materials, integrating digital technologies for quality control across all manufacturing stages. Distillates were obtained using the “Minispirtzavod Simpl 2018 set “Authentic” equipment, featuring remote control capabilities and a built-in Wi-Fi module. The quality of distillates derived from various vegetable raw materials, including grapes, apples, wheat, and birch sap, was evaluated through organoleptic analysis, assessing appearance, aroma, and taste. Gas chromatography was employed to determine the content of ethyl alcohol, furfural, methyl alcohol, aldehydes, ethers, and fusel alcohol in the distillates. The resulting distillates contained 40.9% to 43.5% vol.% ethanol and exhibited distinct aromatic profiles and flavors based on the vegetative raw material used. This diversity offers opportunities to expand the range of alcoholic products available.
Corrugated veneer joinery and construction material and its sound insulation properties
Authors: Galaktionov Oleg , Sukhanov Yuri , Vasilev Aleksey , Kuzmenkov Alexander
Published: June 2024

The article presents a new joinery and construction material made of corrugated veneer. The material under consideration can be used to create lightweight internal enclosing structures of residential premises (interior partitions) and for interior decoration. Within the framework of this study, the tasks related to the determination of sound insulation properties and characteristics of a new joinery and building material and the search for ways to improve its design are considered. The analysis of the regulatory requirements for interior partitions of residential premises and the requirements of standards for the experimental determination of the degree of isolation of air noise by enclosing structures in field conditions is carried out. Methods for determining the sound insulation properties and characteristics of various materials and structures, as well as equipment used for research, have been studied. An experimental installation has been developed to evaluate the effectiveness of insulation from air noise of samples of the proposed joinery and construction material. Samples of the material necessary for the experiment were made, and an experiment plan was drawn up. It has been established that the highest efficiency of isolation from air noise is achieved in the high frequency range from 4800 dB and above. In the area of low and medium frequencies, the sound insulation of the material under study is not effective enough, which requires the use of additional sound insulation layers. The assessment of ways to improve carpentry and construction material to improve its sound insulation properties in the low and medium frequencies has been carried out.
Adoption of smart energy technologies in the context of sustainable development
Authors: Korneeva Elena , Omarova Aizhan , Nurova Oksana
Published: June 2024

This paper focuses on the analysis of the shift towards smart energy technologies in a post-COVID era marking and describing it as a process of transition from crisis to an immense opportunity. The COVID-19 pandemic with its lockdowns and social distancing made people to spend more time indoors helping them to realize the extent of the climate change and global warming and their effect on the human lives. In addition, it also caused a noticeable shift in consumer behaviour towards energy consumption and re-thinking energy efficiency. Central to this transformation is the increasing adoption of smart energy technologies, which are playing a pivotal role in enhancing energy efficiency within households and across communities. Our paper demonstrates how smart energy technologies not only lead to significant savings on utility bills but also reduce the environmental impacts by lowering carbon emissions and increase the acceptance of the novel energy technologies. Additionally, they make consumers worldwide aware of the ways and solutions how to reduce their energy consumption behavioural trends and minimize the negative impacts of human economic and social activities on the environment via adapting green energy technologies and shifting in the direction of the renewable energy solutions.
Improvement of the methodology for analyzing the urban environment quality management with the use of smart technologies
Authors: Zakirova Alsou , Klychova Guzaliya , Zakirov Ayaz , Kurakova Chulpan , Mukhina Inna , Chazova Irina
Published: June 2024

The process of integrating digital technologies into urban spaces is inherently linked to scientific and technological progress. Providing effective urban services through the wide introduction of innovative technologies becomes a priority not only for local authorities, but also for state development programs. The article presented the author's methodology for analyzing the management of urban environment quality with the use of smart technologies, based on the calculation of the integral index of urban environment quality on the basis of statistical data, both non-digital and digital, reflecting various aspects of the modern urban environment. The author's methodology includes the use of three key methods: a comparative analysis of research objects based on the calculation of the integral index of urban environment quality; a sociological survey of residents of a million-strong city on the attractiveness and comfort of living in a particular area of the municipality (taking into account the issues of digitalization of certain areas of the urban environment); a comprehensive analysis of municipal programs for the development of various areas of the urban environment.
Bearing capacity of the subgrade for high-speed train traffic
Authors: Begmatov Nodir , Ergashev Ulugbek , Lesov Kuvandik , Shayakhmetov Saulet
Published: June 2024

On the basis of theoretical research the problem of determining the bearing capacity of the main site of the earth bed poured from loess-like loam with regard to the action of vibrodynamic loads and reduction of strength properties of soils under its influence is solved. On the basis of solution of the theory of limit equilibrium it is possible to determine the deficit of bearing capacity, the value of which is the main indicator for a reasonable choice of design of reinforcement of the main site of the earth bed in order to increase its strength. On the basis of calculation of the earth bed strength, the variants of the earth bed construction are presented, providing the required strength of the earth bed made of loess-like loam with consistency index 0,21 <
JL ≤ 0,3, at high-speed train traffic. The presented transverse profiles can be recommended for application.
Determination of the influence degree of technologies for issuing train traffic safety warnings
Authors: Aripov Nazirjon , Kamaletdinov Shokhrukh , Toxirov Nosirjon , Eshmetova Dilbar , Buriyev Shukhrat
Published: June 2024

This article focuses on assessing the quality of information based on the Bayes network to justify the effectiveness of internet technology in providing traffic safety in rail transport, while issuing speed reduction alerts. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were completed: technological schemes of data transmission and reception systems “P”, “Sh”, “E” “L”, “D” of rail transport network enterprise were presented; a Bayes network was formed, the probabilities of events were determined; conditional probabilities of control phenomena were determined. An existing and proposed system of issuing and cancelling warnings on Uzbekistan Railways has been studied. An evaluation based on the Bayes network has been carried out to justify efficiency in terms of data quality. One plot with a train serving intermediate stations was chosen conditionally. The transmission of alerts to these trains was carried out with two different systems. Technological operations are reduced to probabilistic relations. The model identifies a control event in four for comparison. The results showed the reliability of existing monitoring system data lower than suggested. This is due to the connection of the existing transmission system with each other, which allows the OBAUT system to control that all data is simultaneously transmitted and the transmitted data is received, regardless of the previous data. In addition, the level of subjective interventions for information transmission is also significantly reduced. OBAUT capabilities are considered much more efficient in terms of data quality, reliability and timely transmission. The widespread use of Information Technology in the network helps to improve the quality of data, and the addition allows you to make quick decisions in the organization of train traffic.
Forecasting transport flows using big data and machine learning technology
Authors: Tashmetov Komoliddin , Rasulmukhamedov Mukhamadaziz , Tashmetov Timur
Published: June 2024

Efficient management of urban transportation is crucial for addressing the growing challenges posed by increasing traffic and population. In this context, the utilization of big data and intelligent systems has become paramount. This paper introduces a comprehensive approach to traffic flow management at a key intersection in Tashkent, capitalizing on the integration of big data analytics and predictive model.
Modeling of stationary mode for pipeline operation during hot oil pumping
Authors: Fugarov D.D. , Purchina O.A. , Purchina A.D.
Published: June 2024

The objective of this work is to build and analyze a mathematical model of steady-state operation of a pipeline that conducts hot oil pumping in a particular section. Mathematical modeling of pipeline operation during hot pumping makes it possible to determine the pumping flow rate, temperature and pressure distribution along the length of the pipeline. The object and subject of the study is a horizontal pipeline route between two pumping stations with preheating of oil at the beginning of the section. Within the framework of this work, the dependence of oil viscosity on temperature was determined, and the following graphs were obtained: graph of oil temperature distribution in the considered pipeline section, graph of pressure distribution in the pipeline in the considered section, graph of hydraulic resistance coefficient distribution according to the Leibenzon model, graph of pressure distribution in the pipeline in the considered section according to the combined model of Shukhov and Leibenzon. The graphs obtained allowed us to assert that taking into account the real rheological properties of oil leads to a change in the law of pressure distribution along the pipeline route and to a significant change in the length of the linear section of the pipeline, where a significant pressure drop occurs.
Establishing theoretical extreme values of a variation series presented by a normal distribution
Authors: Martynenko L.V. , Novikov M.A.
Published: June 2024

The proposed methodology has been developed in order to focus on the search for a specific failed track element and rolling stock or other inconsistency, as well as the technological component of ensuring the transportation process (placement and fastening of cargo, formation of train composition, choice of train driving mode) on the quality of functioning, which depends on the prevention of gatherings. In the developed methodology, the types of technical component, technological components or the corresponding groups of causes of rolling stock derailments indicated above are called classes. The class distribution can be attributed to a statistical classification, i.e., during an internal investigation, the data of each class K (“path”, “wagon” and “locomotive”) They can be represented by a set of pnk parameters of the next descent, which are input data for solving the classification problem. The result of solving this problem should be the attribution or degree of involvement of each of the classes in a specific meeting.
Heuristics of constructing the architecture of an interpreted machine learning model
Authors: Pylov Petr , Dyagileva Anna , Protodyakonov Andrey , Maitak Roman
Published: June 2024

Interpretability is an important vector of development of modern applied artificial intelligence. It is also necessary to understand how and why machine learning models predict the end result. However, the implementation of such models is a complex process due to the need to meet the requirements of interpretability while maintaining high quality approximation. The article presents an overview of heuristics for constructing an interpreted machine learning model, which allows you to determine the most important features when predicting the target class of data. As an example, the subject area of mining was considered, and as a problem - the prediction of seismic hazard in the conditions of mining enterprises. However, the transformed concept of the interpreted machine learning model allows solving problems in many other subject areas, where positive numerical values are defined as input data, and the number of entries in the set does not exceed 50. Such restrictions on the set of input data are dictated by a feature of the real architecture of the interpreted model of applied artificial intelligence. In conclusion, the authors of the article consider methods that will allow to overcome such a “bottleneck” effect.
International experience of state initiatives in the development of artificial intelligence as a dual-use technology
Authors: Zhukov Aleksandr , Saveliev Anton , Zhurenkov Denis , Khachaturyan Suren , Kartsan Igor
Published: June 2024

The article systematizes theoretical and methodological provisions on the international experience of the formation of machine learning in interests of economic development and strengthening of defense capabilities on the example of the USA and China. On the basis of official documents and statistical data the state strategies, the strategy of machine learning formation for dual-use technology and the methodology of state regulation of machine learning in the countries under consideration are analysed. Increasing complexity of modern digital technologies is compensated by their growing interoperability - their readiness to integrate into various heterogeneous spheres of state development without the need for costly adaptation measures.
Uneven time series forecasting using a modified exponential smoothing method
Authors: Mironov A.N. , Pirogov S.U. , Petuhov A.I. , Sinilov V.K. , Shestopalova O.L.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of forecasting time series with an uneven distribution of observations over time. The exponential smoothing model is used as the basic forecasting model, in which the variable weights of observations decrease exponentially. The exponential smoothing model allows us to take into account the attenuation of the correlation of cross sections of a random process of time series change over time. However, this does not take into account the factors of temporal unevenness of the results of observations and the finiteness of the sample of observations. The article describes a method for predicting an uneven time series based on a modified exponential smoothing model, in which the transition from exponential smoothing to decreasing non-exponential smoothing is carried out. The modified sequence of the weights of the observations is determined by adjusting the classically calculated exponential weights, taking into account the actual irregularity of the observations.
Disposal of highly toxic waste chromium solutions
Authors: Mukhammadiev Komil , Mukhammadieva Dilrabo , Demeuov Akhan , Tuichyeva Inoyatkhan
Published: June 2024

The aim of the study is to determine the effect of organic reductants (sawdust) on the degree of reduction of chromium (VI) ions in the complex processing of waste chromium-containing solution (electrolyte) of plating production, as at the same time to determine the optimum conditions of the process. Experimental results showed that organic reductants (sawdust, and lignin) in an acid environment work as a reagent-reductant of chromium (VI) ions. The process of reduction of chromium (VI) ions to chromium (III) proceeds intensively for the first 20-30 min and is completed within 50 minutes, while about 1.0-2.5% of chromium (VI) ions remain unreduced, and 97.0-99.0% of chromium (VI) ions of the total amount pass into trivalent form. Chromium (VI) ions are reduced at the first stage of the process, the bulk of them are converted into chromium (III) ions and emitted as chromium (III) hydroxide, and wastewater is further purified at the second stage. When using lignin, the reduction in the concentration of chromium (VI) ions is insignificant, since the number of active functional groups in its structure is limited. Model studies presented in this work and their approbation on production wastewater showed expediency and sufficiently high efficiency of using woodworking wastes (sawdust) to reduce chromium (VI) ions from the spent solutions. Sawdust consists mainly of cellulose; its structure contains functional groups that act as a reductant during oxidation. Further study of the process mechanism and characteristics is essential for the development of recommendations for their utilization.