bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oral Nutrition in Children With Bronchiolitis on High-Flow Nasal Cannula Is Well Tolerated
Authors: Sochet Anthony Alexander , McGee Jessica Ann , October Tessie Wazeerah
Published: May 2017

OBJECTIVES:

To determine the incidence of aspiration-related respiratory failure and nutrition interruptions in children with bronchiolitis on high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) receiving enteral nutrition.

METHODS:

We performed a single-center, prospective, observational cohort study within a 313-bed tertiary medical center from January through December 2015. We included term children 1 month to 2 years of age without comorbid bacterial pneumonia or chronic medical conditions who were diagnosed with bronchiolitis while receiving HFNC and enteral nutrition. Primary outcomes were incidence of aspiration-related respiratory failure and nutrition interruptions. Secondary outcomes were duration of HFNC therapy, length of stay, and nutrition characteristics.

RESULTS:

Of the 344 children admitted with bronchiolitis, 132 met the inclusion criteria. Ninety-seven percent received enteral nutrition by mouth and 3% by nasogastric tube. HFNC flow rates at the time of nutrition initiation ranged between 4 and 13 L per minute (0.3–1.9 L/kg per minute) and respiratory rates from 18 to 69 breaths per minute. One (0.8%) subject had aspiration-related respiratory failure and 12 (9.1%) experienced nutrition interruptions. Children with interruptions in nutrition had a longer length of stay by 2.5 days (P < .01) and received an additional day of HFNC therapy (P < .01). By discharge, 55 (42%) children achieved all nutritional goals: caloric, volume, and protein. Children admitted overnight had an increased incidence of delay to nutrition initiation (30% vs 11%; P < .01).

CONCLUSIONS:

We observed a low incidence of aspiration-related respiratory failure in term children with bronchiolitis on HFNC receiving enteral nutrition. Oral nutrition was tolerated across a range of HFNC flow and respiratory rates, suggesting the practice of withholding nutrition in this population is unsupported.
Nutrition and High-Flow Nasal Cannula Respiratory Support in Children With Bronchiolitis
Authors: Slain Katherine N. , Martinez-Schlurmann Natalia , Shein Steven L. , Stormorken Anne
Published: May 2017

OBJECTIVES:

No guidelines are available regarding initiation of enteral nutrition in children with bronchiolitis on high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) support. We hypothesized that the incidence of feeding-related adverse events (AEs) would not be associated with HFNC support.

METHODS:

This retrospective study included children ≤24 months old with bronchiolitis receiving HFNC in a PICU from September 2013 through April 2014. Data included demographics, respiratory support during feeding, and feeding-related AEs. Feeding-related AEs were extracted from nursing documentation and defined as respiratory distress or emesis. Feed route and maximum HFNC delivery were recorded in 8-hour shifts (6 am–2 pm, 2 pm–10 pm, and 10 pm–6 am).

RESULTS:

70 children were included, with a median age of 5 (interquartile range [IQR] 2–10) months. HFNC delivery at feed initiation varied widely, and AEs related to feeding occurred rarely. Children were fed in 501 of 794 (63%) of nursing shifts, with AEs documented in only 29 of 501 (5.8%) of those shifts. The incidence of AEs at varying levels of respiratory support did not differ (P = .092). Children in the “early feeding” (fed within first 2 shifts) group (n = 22) had a shorter PICU length of stay (2.2 days [IQR 1.4–3.9] vs 3.2 [IQR 2.5–5.3], P = .006) and shorter duration of HFNC use (26.0 hours [IQR 15.8–57.0] vs 53.5 [IQR 37.0–84.8], P = .002), compared with children in the “late feeding” group (n = 48).

CONCLUSIONS:

In this small, single-institution patient cohort, feeding-related AEs were rare and not related to the delivered level of respiratory support.
Trends in Food and Beverage Consumption Among Infants and Toddlers: 2005–2012
Authors: Miles Gandarvaka , Siega-Riz Anna Maria
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUND:

Nutritional guidance for infants and toddlers is lacking, and the diets of American children in the first 2 years of life are not well characterized.

METHODS:

Cross-sectional data from the NHANES were used to describe the diets of 0- to 23-month-olds in the United States. Participants with complete dietary data were eligible for the analysis (N = 2359). Linear regression models were constructed to identify changes from 2005 to 2008 and from 2009 to 2012 in food and beverage consumption, both overall and within sociodemographic groups.

RESULTS:

We observed several trends toward meeting early-feeding recommendations, such as a decline in the prevalence of complementary feeding among 0- to 5-month-olds. However, the prevalence of vegetable consumption was consistently lower than desired (∼25% of 6- to 11-month-olds and 20% of 12- to 23-month-olds had no reported vegetable consumption on dietary recall days in the 2009–2012 set). Subgroup analyses revealed that some trends were limited to certain populations (eg, a decline in juice consumption was observed among 6- to 11-month-old non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanic blacks but not among Mexican Americans), and additional trends emerged within groups (eg, the prevalence of breast milk consumption declined among 0- to 5-month-old Mexican Americans).

CONCLUSIONS:

Although there have been some improvements in the diets of 0- to 23-month-olds in recent years, there are areas in which this population continues to fall short of current recommendations. This underscores the need for additional policy guidance for providers and education for parents and caretakers on helping infants and toddlers achieve healthy diets.
Pulmonary tuberculosis coexist with lung cancer: case report
Authors: B. Silberstein Leslie , M. Susan Kurrle
Published: May 2017

Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) may coexist with lung cancer and share some similarities with these conditions. Thus, multidisciplinary team from infectious department doctors and oncologists to share their opinion in the treatment this case. The purpose of this paper is to present a case of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC- squamous type), including the description of the risk factors, the diagnostics and the treatment line. The patient was diagnosed with NSCLC depending on imaging, pathology and immunophenotyping. After the failure of chemotherapy treatment of lung cancer, systemic anti-tuberculosis was initiated with moderate effect.
A study to assess factors contributing for the occurrence of incisional hernia among patients operated with pfannenstiel incision and management with mesh repair
Authors: Nalini Y. Lakshmi , Puvvala Manipal Kumar , Chandra A. Sarath , Rajalingam .
Published: May 2017

Background: Incisional hernia is due to failure of lines of closure of abdominal wall following laparotomy. Bowel or a part of bowel or omentum can bulge through the gap. The early occurrence (within 5 years) is mainly due to early sepsis and obesity. Objective of present study was to assess the factors contributing for the occurrence of incisional hernia.Methods: All the women who were operated between March 2014-December 2016 using a low transverse Pfannenstiel incision and who did not have any other lower (vertical) incisions and laparoscopic surgeries were followed up in the outpatient department. 1,252 cases were followed up during the above-mentioned period and the detail history was elicited and meticulous physical examination was conducted. USG Abdomen was done in all the cases. Out of 1,252 cases 25 were having incisional hernia and mesh repair was done for incisional hernia.Results: Nearly 2% of these cases had incisional hernia. Obesity was the main risk factor in 36% of the study participants followed by wound infection in 32%.Conclusions: Obesity, redo surgeries, size of the incision and type of suture materials used contribute to the formation of incisional hernia. Although the incidence is low still incisional hernia can occur following Pfannenstiel low transverse abdominal incision.
Left atrial myxoma causing posterior cerebral artery infarct-a case report
Authors: Kumar Sudesh , Bhattacharya Shubhadev , Jhajhria Narender S. , Gupta Vijay Kumar
Published: May 2017

A 34-year-old female patient presented with a history of sudden loss of vision in right eye. On neurological examination, she was having visual agnosia in right eye. MRI was performed which revealed left posterior cerebral artery infarct. Trans thoracic echocardiography was performed. This showed a large left atrial myxoma. Patient underwent resection and had an uneventful postoperative course. This case report showed the importance of cardiac source of emboli in patients presenting as acute stroke. Performing echocardiography and diagnosing and treating cardiac source of emboli could prevent further complications.
A comparison of clinical outcomes of LVEF ≤35% versus LVEF>35% in off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Gupta Manju , Mishra Pankaj Kumar , Shoeb Mohd , Agarwal Amit , Prasad Jagdish
Published: May 2017

Background: Management of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and low ejection fraction (EF) is challenging. The objective was to compare the effect of low EF to normal EF on clinical outcomes after off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCABG) surgery.Methods: All patients who underwent CABG at VMMC and Safdarjung hospital, from June 2014 till December 2016 with LVEF≤35% (low EF) as well as LVEF>35% (high EF) were studied and their surgical results analyzed by collecting data retrospectively. Out of 203 total patients the LVEF was less than or equal to 35% in 41 (20.19 %) patients, more than 35% in162 (79.81 %) patients.Results: In LVEF≤35% there were 9 females and the mean age was 60.39±8.76 years, The mean ICU stay in hospital was of 8.73 days, mean ventilator support was 4.01 days, ionotropic support was 4.34 days, mean stay in hospital was of 28.54 days, hospital mortality was 8 (19.51%) in LVEF≤35 versus mean ICU stay in hospital was of 8.73 days, ventilator support was 4.01 days, ionotropic support 4.34 days, mean stay in hospital was of 20.33 days, hospital mortality was 13 (8.02%) in LVEF>35.These data make a survival rate of 80.49% for EF in LVEF≤35 versus 91.98% for EF in LVEF>35.Conclusions: CABG can be safely performed in low-EF patients with minimal postoperative morbidity and mortality in addition to encouraging home discharge rates.
Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas geniculata (Wright, 1895) Chester, 1901 on Three Fungals Species: Relationship with Incubation Time and Fungal Diameter Size
Authors: Siradje Andi Lindhemuthianingrum , D. Prijambada Irfan , Retnaningrum Endah
Published: May 2017

Pseudomonas geniculata has been isolated from uncontaminated vertisol in Kulon Progo district. The isolate is hydrocarbonoclastic bacterium capable of forming biofilm on the fungal hyphae. Sinergy of both microbe in the form fungal-bacteria biofilm produce high ability to degrading hydrocarbon and survive in its pollution environment. The purpose of this research was to evaluate ability of Pseudomonas geniculata (Wright, 1895) Chester, 1901 to form biofilm and its attachment on three fungals species such as Penicillium sp., Penicillium funiculosum and Penicillium crustosum. The diameter size of fungal hyphae was of 1.3 µm, 1.9 µm and 2.4 µm, respectively. P. geniculata required at least 48 h to form biofilms on Penicillium sp. hyphae when incubated in mineral Bushnell Haas Medium suplemented with 2 % glucose at room temperature, with maximal biofilm formation being evident at 360 h. Biofilm attachment on Penicillium sp. hyphae was disrupted by the vortex power of 5 rpm for 20 s. Interaction of P. geniculata and Penicillium sp. that has a smallest diameter size of hypha were more successful on biofilm formation and attachment which could contribute to bacterial survival in environmental stresses. 

Keyword: Biofilm, fungal hyphae, Pseudomonas geniculata (Wright, 1895) Chester, 1901, Penicillium. 
Anatomy and Morphological Study of Mentigi Gunung (Vaccinium varingiaefolium (Blume) Miq.) in Area of Mount Batok-Indonesia
Authors: Sholikhah Annisa , Aryani Dian Farida , Listyorini Dwi
Published: May 2017

Mentigi Gunung (Vaccinium varingiaefolium (Blume) Miq.), endemic plant of Java which dominates sub-alpine area of Mount Batok. This study aimed to characterize plant’s anatomical and morphological structure for conservation purpose. Microscopic and macroscopic approaches used for organs observation. Morphological observation showed that this plant has a tap root, circular stem with lenticels on its surface. It has red young stem with a lot of trichomes, brown old stem, oval leaves with integer margins. Leaves have stone cells, cuticles, idioblasts. Young leaves are red and turn green. Flowers are purple with five sepals, five petals, 10 androecium and one syncarp gynoecium. Trichomes spread all over flower structures. The type of microspore is tetraeder. The gynoecium sits on the receptacle composed of five carpellum with inpherus ovulus. The fruits are green, globular, with trichomes and turn black when ripe. It has stone cells with purple cytoplasm and golden brown seeds. Vascular bundle is opened collateral type; the type is parasitic with kidney-shaped guard cells.

Keywords: Anatomy; morphology; mentigi gunung; Vaccinium varingiaefolium (Blume) Miq.
Fruit Description and Evaluation of Five Treatments to Break Seed Dormancy of Brownlowia peltata Benth.
Authors: Noor Rachmadiyanto Arief , . Peniwidiyanti , Kusuma Hutabarat Prima Wahyu
Published: May 2017

Brownlowia peltata Benth. is a native tree from Borneo, in its germination problem was physical dormancy due to the hard pericarp of the fruit. The study aimed to evaluate five treatments for breaking the seed physical dormancy and the fruit description. The experiment was using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four different temperatures of water immersion, a scarification, and control. The fruit of B. peltata was a woody follicle; belong to yellow green group 148 A in color; 29.64 mm in long; 21.62 mm in thickness; 29.86 mm in wide, with an average weight of 12.05 g. Hot water immersion treatment of 40 °C for 60 s; 60 °C for 60 s and 80 °C for 30 s could raise the fruit moisture content of 0.92 % to 1.04 %. There was a significant difference on germination rate coefficient and coefficient of uniformity of germination among treatments. The mature seed does not have a physical dormancy once the carpel splits and create a slit (fruit opening).

Keywords: Brownlowia pellata Benth; dormancy; fruit; seed; viability.
Isolation of Flower Development Regulator Gene SEPALLATA 1 in Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume
Authors: Febriani Ayu Linda , Anggraini Riska , Naila Mazieda Muthia , Saptasari Murni , Listyorini Dwi , Fatma Wardani Fitri
Published: May 2017

Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume is an indigenous orchid species in Indonesia. This orchid has a white large flower. The large flower is caused by the existence of gene that has an important role in flower development. One of the genes is SEPALLATA 1. This gene is a member of superfamily MADS-Box gene. SEPALLATA 1 gene is a marker of primordial flower organ. This study aimed to isolate SEPALLATA1 gene from Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume by PCR using forward primer 5’-GCT-GGA-GCG-GAT-CGA-GAA-CA-3’and reverse primer 5’-TCA-TGC-AAG-CCA-ACC-AGG-TG-3’. This study successfully amplified 691 bp lengths of SEPPALATA1 fragment, lacking 20 bp upstream which consist its start codon.

 

Keywords: Flower development regulation, Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume, SEPALLATA 1 gene.
The Role of Ficus crassiramea (Miq.) Miq. for Hornbill Conservation in Borneo Fragmented Tropical Rainforest
Authors: . Budiman , Wijayanti Arini , Lumaby Rusman
Published: May 2017

Fig plants (Ficus spp.) are considered as a key candidate to wildlife conservation in tropical rainforest for its potency on their microhabitat and food supply throughout the years. In this research, we focused only on the Ficus crassiramea (Miq.) Miq. To shows its role for hornbill conservation, we observed the different species of hornbill which visiting the trees and also we observed time, duration, frequency and activity of visits of the hornbill. For the purpose, four trees of F. crassiramea had been observed continuously for  6 d from 06.00 am to 05.00 pm in two fragmented tropical rainforest located in Penajam Paser Utara Regency, Borneo, Indonesia. The result showed, there were three species of hornbill which are visiting the plants in fruiting phase, namely Anthrococeros malayanus (Raffles, 1822), Anthrococeros albirostris (Shaw & Nodder, 1807), and Buceros rhinoceros (Linnaeus 1758)  while fig tree in non-fruiting phase is only visiting by A. malayanus and A. albirostris. There is difference between A. malayanus, A. albirostris and B. rhinoceros in time, duration and frequency of visits on F. crassiramea. The most dominant activity of the third hornbill on F. crassiramea in fruiting phase are foraging rather than perched like on non-fruting phase tree. The result convinced the important of F. crassiramea as food source for hornbill conservation.

 

Keywords: Ficus crassiramea (Miq.) Miq.; food source; fragmented tropical rainforest; hornbill conservation
Traditional Anti Malaria Plants Species of Balikpapan Botanic Garden, East Kalimantan-Indonesia
Authors: Kuswantoro Farid
Published: May 2017

Numerous Kalimantan plants species were traditionaly utilized for its medicinal properties. Ex situ conservation of these species in Balikpapan Botanic Garden (BBG), one of the mostly recent launched botanic garden in Indonesia however, should be appreciated and encouraged to preserved the unique traditional plant-based medicine knowledge of Kalimatan people. An etnobotany literature study was conducted to documented traditional medicine plant species collected in BBG used by indigenous people of Kalimantan to treat malaria. This study found nine plant species collected in BBG namely Aleurites mollucanus (L.) Willd., Alstonia angustiloba Miq., Alstonia scholaris L. R. Br., Areca catechu L., Eurycoma longifolia Jack, Lansium parasiticum (Osbeck) K. C. Sahni & Bennet, Morinda citrifolia L., Peronema canescens Jack and Vitex pinnata L. were traditionally used to treat malaria. Further literature study showed that some of these species exhibits biological activity toward Plasmodium berghei and P. falciparum. Three species of this list were classified as rare medical plants in Indonesia. However, further study will still be needed to fully confirm anti malaria activity of these plant species and its potential to become new anti-malaria medicine.

 

Keywords: Balikpapan Botanic Garden; ex situ conservation; Malaria; traditional medicine
Skeletal Malformation on Balb-C Foetal Mice (Mus musculus) Administered by Immature Pineapple Fruits Extract
Authors: Prasetyawati Fila , Gofur Abdul , Lestari Umie
Published: May 2017

Nutrients for pregnant woman affect the development of foetus in the womb. Pineapple has bromelain enzyme which benefit in medicinal uses, but it can be considered as teratogenic agents due to its proteolytic activities. The period of organogenesis is the critical period in foetal development. Examination of foetal anatomy is still a fundamental part of teratological studies despites of modern molecular techniques. Molecular techniques can be done by conducting the skeletal proteome analysis to evaluate the teratogenic effects on the foetal skeleton. This research was performed to examine the effect of immature pineapple fruits extract on the occurrence of skeletal malformation and identify the protein profiles of skeleton on Balb-C foetal mice. Pregnant mice were administered by immature pineapple fruits extract orally by gavage with doses 0 %, 20 %, 40 %, 60 % and 80 % at day 6 d to 15 d of gestation. Skeletal malformation observed after Alizarin red-Alcian blue staining, and SDS-PAGE was conducted to identify the protein profiles of foetal skeleton. Immature pineapple fruits extract caused the decreasing of weight and length of litter, causing hemorrhage, ossification retardation on sternebra, metacarpal, metatarsal, caudal vertebrae, undulated costae and asymmetric sternebra. Protein profiling analysis showed that skeletal proteins at molecular weight of 32 kDa, 35 kDa, 42 kDa and 49 kDa did not found in foetal mice administered by immature pineapple fruits extract.

 

Keywords: bromelain; immature pineapple fruits; skeletal malformation; skeletal proteome analysis.
Shelf Life of Artocarpus lowii King’s Seeds And Its Viability
Authors: Damayanti Frisca , Fatma Wardani Fitri
Published: May 2017

Artocarpus lowii King is a species of Moraceae family members. This species is widely utilized by people as food, medicine, and timber. A. lowii is propagated by seed. A. lowii seeds belong to the recalcitrant seeds, which have a short shelf life. Therefore, it is necessary to find the right storage method for storing A. lowii seeds, in order that A. lowii seed has longer shelf life. The purpose of this study was to determine the viability A. lowii with storage time treatments and find the efficient storage method. A. lowii seeds were stored by covering the seeds with mosses in a jar. It was taken 40 seeds every week for viability test. The 30 seeds have planted in the sand media and 10 seeds for grain moisture content calculations. Results of this study were water content of A. lowii seed on 0  wk to 7 wk increased, and the viability of A. lowii seeds have still high enough to 9 wk around               60 %. Therefore, seed storage methods using mosses can be used as an alternative to extend the shelf life of A. lowii seed.

 

Keywords: Artocarpus lowii King; recalcitrant seed; storage media
Geometry Morphometry and Health Status of Hawksbill Turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata Linnaeus, 1766) in Maratua Island, East Kalimantan-Indonesia
Authors: Maulida Firly Fathiya , Hadia Susilo , Imron Muhammad Ali , Reischig Thomas
Published: May 2017

Research on hawksbill turtles in the Maratua Island is still very few. Meanwhile, population of hawksbills was believed to decline due to human exploitation. The aim of this research was to study the morphology of hawksbill through geometric morphometric approach and health status which includes the existence of epibionts, mechanical damages and Body Condition Index. The survey was conducted from 5 to 18 September 2014. The method used was the hand˗catching by snorkeling and diving for catching turtles, morphometric measurements and documentation of the turtle body parts using the camera. Morphological aspects were analyzed with linear regression and geometry approach with Microsoft Excel and ImageJ software. Health status was analyzed with observation of epibionts and mechanical damages through photos and calculation of Body Condition Index. There were 11 turtles that have been caught. The results indicated the growth of straight carapace length notch to tip affect the growth of the other body parts of hawksbill turtle and based approach to geometry, shape growth of hawksbill turtles that are found in Maratua not changed but only have added size. Based on the health status through observation epibionts, mechanical damages and analysis of Body Condition Index, hawksbill in Maratua still relatively healthy compared with studies elsewhere.

 

Keywords: Eretmochelys imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766); geometry; Maratua; morphometry
Potential Lutein Extract of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) as Antiradical Abts (2,2 - Azinobis Acid, 3-Ethyl Benzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid)
Authors: . Kusmiati , Sri Agustini Ni Wayan
Published: May 2017

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) is one vegetable that is often consumed by people with high nutrient content i.e protein, fat, vitamin C, fiber, potassium and calcium. Carotenoids and glutathione are contained in broccoli that are antioxidants. Lutein is a carotenoid group contained in broccoli is capable of reducing the accumulated products of free radicals in the body. The purpose of this research is to extract and identify compounds lutein from flowers of broccoli and test its potential as antiradical to the compound ABTS (2,2-Azinobis acid, 3-ethyl benzatiazolin-6-Sulfonat). Identification of lutein compounds qualitatively by TLC showed Rf value of 0.72 cm. Analysis of Lutein by HPLC showed a peak at the retention time of 3:03 min, approaching retention time of lutein standard 3:01 min. Test of potency of antiradical ABTS showed that lutein extract from flower of broccoli has antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 157.527 8 µg · mL–1.  Fractionation of lutein extract using column chromatography with Silica gel 60 as stationary phase and mixture of methanol : chloroform : n-hexane (4:20:8) as mobile phase resulted in 4 fractions with antioxidant activity increased. Fraction 3 has the highest antiradical ABTS activity with IC50 39.584 2 µg · mL–1. Vitamin E is used as a standard had antiradical ABTS activity IC50 5.303 6 µg · mL–1.

 

Keywords: ABTS ; anti-radical; Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica); lutein.
Morphological Variation among Flowers of Bulbophyllum ovalifolium (Blume) Lindl. (Orchidaceae) in Bali
Authors: Atmaja Muhammad Bima , Utami Wibowo Aninda Retno , Tirta I Gede
Published: May 2017

Bulbophyllum ovalifolium (Blume) Lindl., an epiphyte orchid species was collected from several region in Bali and maintained in “Eka Karya” Bali Botanic Garden. The orchid is a common and widespread species in Southeast Asia, thus makes the flower has high variability. Here a study through morphological characters on the flower was done to give more information and understandable of characteristic range. The species was found at altitude range 700 to 2000 m a.s.l., the morphological observation was conducted on 2014 to 2015 particularly in the flowering season. There were three variants of flower based on the differences on size, colour, and the lip. The character on lip surface was found as spot character with three types of surface: coarsely verrucose, scattered verrucose, and glabrous.

Keywords: Bali; Bulbophyllum ovalifolium; morphological variation; orchidaceae; orchidi.
Coptotermes sp. Termite Attacks in Some Locations of Red Meranti (Shorea leprosula Miq.) Plantation
Authors: . Ngatiman , Fernandes Andrian
Published: May 2017

Red Meranti (Shorea leprosula Miq.) have been widely planted in secondary forests and logged over forest. Problems were found in the field is due to the presence of Coptotermes sp. termite attack in S. leprosula plants resulting to its death. The aims of this study were to determine the percentage and intensity of Coptotermes sp. termite attack. The method used is to perform observations of termite attack in several locations planting, i.e. in KHDTK Samboja (East Kalimantan), KHDTK Sebulu (East Kalimantan), PT INHUTANI II, Pulau Laut (South Kalimantan) and PT Suka Jaya Makmur (West Kalimantan). The results showed that the percentage and intensity of Coptotermes sp. termite attacks in KHDTK Samboja, respectively 7.3 % and 4.7 %, in KHDTK Sebulu 11.3 % and 8.2 %, in Inhutani II 5.8 % and 5.3 % and in PT Suka Jaya Makmur 5.4 % and 4.8 %. The source of termite attacks in plants in KHDTK Samboja and KHDTK Sebulu was the termite nest contained in secondary forest bordering S. leprosula plantations while the source of the termite attack in plants in Inhutani II and PT Suka Jaya Makmur was the termite nests located between S. leprosula plantations. Finally, Coptotermes sp termite attack disturbed S. leprosula plantation.

Keywords: Coptotermes sp. termite attack; intensity termite attack; percentage termite attack; Shorea leprosula Miq.
Isolation 3’-end Fragment of Pun1 gene from Capsicum frutescens L. cultivar Cakra Hijau
Authors: Juliandri Ria Reinnata , Zairina Shelly , Khasna Elhah Nailul , . Dahlia , Listyorini Dwi
Published: May 2017

Pun1 gene [A1] is the one of candidate gene that responsible to determine pungency in Capsicum. In previous researches, 1 310 bp fragment of 1 671 bp Pun1 gene from Capsicum frutescens L. cv. Cakra Hijau had been isolated. The purpose of this research was to isolate of 3’-end fragment and get full length of Pun1 gene from  C. frutescens L. cv. Cakra Hijau. DNA  isolation was done using modified procedure. The method used to isolate the gene was PCR with a pair of primer, forward primer 5’-GAA-GGT-GGC-AGA-AGA-ATC-AG-3’ and reverse primer 5’-TTG- TTG ACC-GTA-AAC-TTC-CG- 3’. The result successfully to get 715 bp length DNA fragment. The assembly of this fragment into previous research produced a full length of 1 671 bp Pun1 gene from C. frutescens L. cv. Cakra Hijau consist of 738 bp first exon fragment, 348 bp intron fragment, and 585 bp second exon fragment.

 

Keywords: C. frustescens L. cv. Cakra Hijau; gene isolation; Pun1 gene.
The Phylogenetic Study of the White-Bellied Sea Eagle [Haliaeetus leucogaster (Gmelin, 1788)] Based on DNA Barcoding Cytochrome-c Oxidase Subunit I (COI)
Authors: Retnaningtyas Riri Wiyanti , Hermadhiyanti Windri , Listyorini Dwi
Published: May 2017

Even though not yet considered as endangered, White-bellied Sea Eagle’s global population is decreasing due to illegal hunting, bird trading, and deforestation. So far, there hasn’t been any report regarding the phylogenetic study of the White-bellied Sea Eagle inhabiting the coastal regions of Java. Moreover, there hasn’t been any report on the genetic data, especially COI gene, of the White-bellied Sea Eagle living in coastal area of Java. Thus, in this research, two individuals of Heliaeetus leucogaster (Gmelin, 1788);  are compared based on its COI gene sequence to the member of genus Haliaeetus to determine their position in the phylogenetic tree of genus Haliaeetus. COI gene amplification is performed using Forward primer BirdF1 5’- TTC TCC AAC CAC AAA GAC ATT GGC AC-3’ and Reverse primer BirdR2 5’ ACT ACA TGT GAG ATG ATT CCG AAT-3’. The phylogenetic analysis using MEGA6 with Maximum Likelihood method shows that Haliaeetus leucogaster in this study is related to Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Linnaeus, 1766), Haliaeetus pelagicus (Pallas, 1811), and Haliaeetus albicilla (Linnaeus, 1758).

 

Keywords: phylogenetic study; Heliaeetus leucogaster (Gmelin, 1788); DNA barcoding, Cytochrome-c Oxidase Subunit I (COI).
Salinity Stress Alters Nutrient Uptake and Causes the Damage of Root and Leaf Anatomy in Maize
Authors: Hasana Rusdi , Miyake Hiroshi
Published: May 2017

Salinity is one of major problems in agriculture especially in arid and semiarid area due to causes the damage of many aspects in plant growth and development. This study observed root and leaf anatomy and nutrient uptake in maize plants exposed to salinity stress. Maize seedlings were placed in the plantation room under same temperature, humidity and light intensity conditions and were treated with 0 %, 1 %, 2 % and 3 % NaCl for 5 d. Anatomy of root and leaf were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Nutrient uptake was estimated by the content of trace elements of leaves. Trace element were quantified using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), but chlorine was determined by an atomic absorption flame spectrometer. The results showed that salinity slightly damaged roots anatomy. Epidermis cells and parenchyma cells of cortex and pith were shrinkage in 2 % and 3 % NaCl-treated plants.  Leaf anatomy showed mesophyll and bundle sheath cells which slightly suppressed. Meanwhile, chloroplasts content inside those cells were dramatically decreased. Anatomical damage of roots and leaves was accompanied by altering uptake of some trace elements. The contents of aluminum, calcium, iron, magnesium, sodium, chlorine, in NaCl-treated plants were higher than control. Otherwise, boron, potassium and phosphor were lower in NaCl-reated plants. The rest of trace elements were in comparable concentration.

 

Keywords: maize; leaf; nutrient; root; salinity

 
Biological Network Analysis of Genes Involve in Embryogenesis of Oil Palm using ClueGO
Authors: Sudania Widyartini Made , Achmad Tanjung Zulfikar , Toruan-Mathius Nurita , Liwang Tony
Published: May 2017

The application of DNA sequencing technologies has a major impact on molecular biology, especially in understanding genes interaction in a certain condition. Due to a large number of genes produced by this high-throughput technology, a proper analysis tool is needed for data interpretation. ClueGO is a bioinformatics tool, an easy to use Cytoscape plug-in that strongly improves biological function interpretation of genes. It analyzes a cluster or comparing two clusters and comprehensively visualizes their group functions. This tool is applied to identify biological networks of genes involved in embryogenesis of oil palm, the most critical phase in oil palm tissue culture process. Two ESTs sequencing data from the GenBank database under accession number EY396120-EY413718 and DW247764-DW248770 were used in this study. Fifty-two and one hundred eight groups of genes were identified using biological process in Gene Ontology setting from the database of EY396120-EY413718 and DW247764-DW248770, respectively. Thirty-one groups of genes were consistently occurred in both ESTs. According to the literature, these genes play an important role in cell formations and developments, stresses and stimulus responses, photosynthesis and metabolic processes that indicate the involvement of these groups of genes in oil palm embryogenesis processes. ClueGO is the appropriate tool to analyze a large data set of genes in a specific condition, such as embryogenesis of oil palm.

 

Keywords: callus embryogenesis; Cytoscape plug-in; DNA sequencing; expressed sequence tag; KEGG pathways
O PESSIMISMO NA POESIA DE AUGUSTO DOS ANJOS
Authors: Amorim Wellington Lima , Moreira Adonay Ramos
Published: May 2017

Augusto dos Anjos faz parte, em nossas letras, de um seleto grupo de escritores que, por ter mergulhado a fundo na existência humana, criou na Literatura Brasileira obras que fogem aos lugares-comuns de seu tempo e à condição de carnavalização atribuída à diversidade cultural das terras brasileiras, visão essa que tanto distorceu e ofuscou o verdadeiro poder de nossos artistas. O pessimismo assume, dessa forma, uma função essencial: questionar o que se está fazendo e como se está fazendo, uma vez que todos os grandes pessimistas são, no fundo, grandes realistas. O objetivo de tal trabalho é avaliar o pessimismo da poesia de Augusto dos Anjos e identificar as reflexões inovadoras que seus versos apresentam. Para tanto, leu-se a sua única obra, “EU”, bem como poemas publicados na juventude e alguns de seus principais críticos e estudiosos, como Raimundo Magalhães Júnior e o poeta Ferreira Gullar. A metodologia utilizada foi de revisão bibliográfica, avaliando a poesia do autor e identificando em sua obra, em comparação com o pensamento de seu tempo, a gênese de sua singularidade em nossa Literatura.

Palavras-chave: Poesia. Pessimismo. Reflexão.
O TEXTO LITERÁRIO EM SALA DE AULA E O DESENVOLVIMENTO DAS FUNÇÕES PSÍQUICAS SUPERIORES: REFLEXÕES NECESSÁRIAS
Authors: Furlan de Oliveira Marta Regina , Migliozzi Ferreira de Mello Luiz Carlos
Published: May 2017

Este artigo objetiva analisar o desenvolvimento das funções psíquicas superiores a partir do texto literário trabalhado em sala de aula. A análise é feita a partir dos fundamentos da Teoria Histórico Cultural em Vygotsky e da Semiótica de linha francesa. Busca-se refletir sobre o modo como os textos literários são trabalhados na educação escolar e se há possibilidades para a construção do pensamento elaborado e crítico. A metodologia consiste em um estudo teórico em autores como Vygotsky (1989, 2001, 2008); Luria (1990); Leontiev (1969); Fiorin (2000, 2005) entre outros. Pela análise interpretativa do texto, torna-se possível a construção subjetiva da relação entre o autor e leitor (aluno, professor), entre o narrador e o narratário e entre as personagens do conto, além de reconstruir o contexto literário no qual a obra se insere. A partir desse exercício crítico, pode-se pensar novas alternativas para o trabalho com o texto literário nos espaços formativos escolares.

Palavras–chave: Texto Literário. Funções Psíquicas. Teoria Histórico Cultural. Semiótica.
A SÍNDROME DE DOWN EM DIFERENTES CONTEXTOS: IDENTIFICANDO ASSOCIAÇÕES E PROGRAMAS
Authors: Comin Bruna Cristina , Costa Maria da Piedade Resende da
Published: May 2017

Considerar a diferença é identificar que as pessoas têm suas próprias potencialidades e fragilidades, sendo que essas não deveriam ser totalmente enfatizadas. Sob esta ótica surge a seguinte indagação: como o trabalho com pessoas com a síndrome de Down vem ocorrendo nas principais associações/instituições nos contextos da Espanha, do Brasil e dos Estados Unidos? Objetiva-se, então, a apresentação e discussão de ações e programas das principais associações/instituições que nesses países atendem pessoas com síndrome de Down, visando identificar como essas pessoas são consideradas nesses programas. Este ensaio teórico caracteriza-se por uma revisão bibliográfica de trabalhos disponibilizados na internet, tais como: o Google Books e o Google Acadêmico. Outros bancos de dados foram consultados, tais como: a Sociedade Nacional de Síndrome de Down dos Estados Unidos, a Revista Down España e a Revista Mensagem das APAES. Os dados apontam que, no Brasil, identificou-se uma grande concentração de ONGs, assim como também a Associação Nacional de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (APAE). Na Espanha verificou-se a Federação Down España, que conta ao todo com 83 associações aderidas. Nos EUA, observou-se a National Down Syndrome Society, que possui em seu interior 350 grupos de afiliados ao redor do país.

Palavras-chaves: Síndrome de Down. Programas Educacionais. Diferentes Contextos.
DISCUTINDO ASPECTOS METODOLÓGICOS DE ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM NO ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ESPECIALIZADO PARA ALUNOS COM SURDEZ
Authors: Viana Flavia Roldan , Gomes Adriana Leite Limaverde
Published: May 2017

Este artigo tem o propósito de evidenciar as práticas pedagógicas para o aluno com surdez no âmbito do Atendimento Educacional Especializado – AEE. Na prática docente, as principais dificuldades encontradas no processo de inclusão escolar de pessoas com surdez referem-se, por exemplo, ao desconhecimento da língua de sinais e a falta de estratégias metodológicas adequadas a um ensino que respeite a singularidade do indivíduo surdo. Diante desse cenário, o AEE surge com o intuito de criar e aprimorar as condições para o aprendizado e o ensino escolar para todos. Trata-se de um ensaio teórico fundamentado numa revisão crítica da literatura. As discussões sobre as práticas pedagógicas para alunos com surdez no âmbito do AEE serão apresentadas focalizando elementos que ampliem a visão sobre as reais condições do educando surdo, motivados pela crença no seu potencial de desenvolvimento e de aprendizagem. É necessário reforçar o funcionamento do AEE, mas se contrapondo a uma utilização movida por modismos e/ou pelo afã dos discursos de ser apenas uma prática inclusiva.

Palavras-chave: Alunos com surdez. Ensino e aprendizagem. Atendimento educacional especializado.
Introduction
Authors: Hvid Helge
Published: May 2017

In this issue, four articles are published.

Corin and Björk present a study of the psychosocial work environment among managers in public schools and in public elder care in Sweden. The study provides new insight into the working conditions of managers in the public sector, and at the same time, the study contributes to the development of research methods in the field. The study is based on Demerouti and Bakkers’ Job Demand-Resource model, which summarizes several well-known models for the studying of psychosocial work environment, primarily the Demand Control model of Karasek and Theorell and the Efford Reward model of Siegrist. The Job Demand-Resource model is most often used in survey studies, where employees assess their working conditions in a questionnaire. Corin and Björk, meanwhile, use the model as a basis for a qualitative study, which forms an external assessment of job demands and job resources. They use the ARIA method, based on the German ‘activity theory’. The study suggests that there is a strong imbalance between demands and resources in managers' work and the study illustrates how surveys and qualitative studies could be combined in a fruitful way (...)
‘Not a Problem Until it Becomes a Problem’: A Qualitative Study of Values and Risks of In-house Family Ties in Swedish Workplaces
Authors: Haugen Katarina , Westin Kerstin
Published: May 2017

In-house family ties at workplaces occur in most contexts, and are associated with both advantages and disadvantages. On the basis of 40 interviews with human resource managers at Swedish workplaces, the values and risks of in-house family ties and their importance within the workplace are analyzed jointly, thus allowing for a holistic perspective. The interviews reveal values and risks on a strategic level, for day-to-day operations, for the social work environment, and on the level of individuals. Crucially, even when in-house family ties are perceived as uncomplicated, there is a latent risk that problems might arise. The interpretation of the role of in-house family ties is also strongly related to whether they are paired with asymmetrical (vertical) power relations. It also depends heavily on the chosen perspective—that of the organization, the social work environment, the individual, or the broader society—and the perceived advantages tend to come with corresponding inverted disadvantages.
Cultural Economics
Authors: Marquis Milton
Published: May 2017

Economics is a social science that attempts to understand the actions of individuals and the institutions that they create. At the heart of economic analysis is the individual, who is seen to make dynamic choices in the face of uncertainty, given the constraints (such as time and budget) which place limits on those decisions. Of course, individuals are members of society. In fact, most individuals identify closely with only one or, at most, a very few cultures, each of which has its own cultural heritage. In recent years, the economics profession has begun to recognize the importance of culture to the individual and has evolved a rapidly expanding subdiscipline of Cultural Economics that focuses exclusively on the analysis of cultural activities as integral workings of the overall economy. This book is intended to provide an in-depth introduction to the economist’s perspective on the consumption, valuation, and perpetuation of a society’s cultural heritage.

A unique aspect of Cultural Economics is the recognition that creativity and the creative individual are essential to both the production and the consumption of works of art that eventually come to define a culture. Art, if it is to be art, must be transformational: appreciated for its beauty or emotional power. However, that appreciation must have an historical and cultural context, and is thus a shared experienced involving both the artist, whose work reflects the times in which it was created, and the viewer, whose own personal history and cultural knowledge color how he or she experiences the work of art.
Valorization of sludge from domestic waste water plant treatment from Settat city (Morocco) by composting
Authors: Azouzi Marouane , Dari Khadija , Belabbes Souad Maataoui , Hafidi Mohamed , Koulali Yahya , Hilali Said
Published: May 2017

Physicochemical analysis of compost obtained by mixing sludge from domestic waste water plant treatment from Settat city (Morocco) with vegetal co-substrat show a good evolution of temperature during process, a good rate of decomposition and an enrichment in humic substances. The compost obtained is stable, hygienic and riche in fertilizing compounds. It can be used as an agricultural amendment.
Hierarchical Image Retrieval by Multi-Feature Fusion
Authors: Lu Xiaojun , Wang Jiaojuan , Hou Yingqi , Yang Mei , Wang Qi , Zhang Xiangde
Published: May 2017

Aiming at the problems that are poor generalization performance, low retrieval accuracy and large time consumption of existing content-based image retrieval system, the hierarchical image retrieval method based on multi feature fusion is proposed in this paper. The retrieval accuracy rates on Corel5K, UKbeach and Holidays are 68.23(Top 1), 3.73(N-S) and 88.20(mAp), respectively. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can effectively improve the deficiency of single feature retrieval and save time significantly in the premise of a small amount of loss of accuracy.
Bézier Curve Modeling for Neutrosophic Data Problem
Authors: Taş Ferhat , Topal Selçuk
Published: May 2017

In this paper, a geometric model is introduced for Neutrosophic data problem for the first time. This model is based on neutrosophic sets and neutrosophic relations. Neutrosophic control points are defined according to these points, resulting in neutrosophic Bézier curves.
The Entropy of Words—Learnability and Expressivity across More Than 1000 Languages
Authors: Bentz Christian , Alikaniotis Dimitrios , Cysouw Michael , Ferrer-i-Cancho Ramon
Published: May 2017

The choice associated with words is a fundamental property of natural languages. It lies at the heart of quantitative linguistics, computational linguistics, and language sciences more generally. Information-theory gives us tools at hand to measure precisely the average amount of choice associated with words—the word entropy. Here we use three parallel corpora—encompassing ca. 450 million words in 1916 texts and 1259 languages—to tackle some of the major conceptual and practical problems of word entropy estimation: dependence on text size, register, style and estimation method, as well as non-independence of words in co-text. We present three main results: 1) a text size of 50K tokens is sufficient for word entropies to stabilize throughout the text, 2) across languages of the world, word entropies display a unimodal distribution that is skewed to the right. This suggests that there is a trade-off between the learnability and expressivity of words across languages of the world. 3) There is a strong linear relationship between unigram entropies and entropy rates, suggesting that they are inherently linked. We discuss the implications of these results for studying the diversity and evolution of languages from an information-theoretic point of view.
Design of Single Phase SiC Bidirectional DC-AC Converter with Low-Cost PLL for Power Factor Correction
Authors: Bento Alexandre , André Sérgio , Luís Ricardo , Silva J. Fernando
Published: May 2017

The paper presents the design stages of a single-phase Silicon Carbide bidirectional DC-AC converter. This includes the LCL filter design responsible to meet grid connection requirements. A 3kW laboratory prototype of the power converter is built employing a low-cost phase locked loop and its results are presented. The design of the low-cost phase locked loop and its implementation are depicted in some detail.
Exploratory Factors Influencing Building Development Costs in New Zealand Using SEM
Authors: Zhao Linlin , Mbachu Jasper , Domingo Niluka
Published: May 2017

Identification of costs drivers and their influence level on building development costs play a key role in the development of construction models and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of any project. Forty-five indicators influencing building development costs in New Zealand are explored by literature review and pilot interviews. These indicators are grouped into seven categories. The determination and ranking of the cost drivers are carried out by a questionnaire survey distributed to key professionals working in New Zealand’s construction industry. Structural equation modeling (SEM) software was employed for analysis of the collected data. One of the key advantages of this powerful software is to provide the p-value according to the structure of the research model. Findings of this study indicate that the property market and construction industry factor, statutory and regulatory factor, and socio-economic factor are major factors affecting building development costs in New Zealand.