bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of primary malignant tumours, rates of pathological fracture, and mortality in the setting of metastatic bone disease
Authors: Christ Alexander B. , Piple Amit S. , Gettleman Brandon S. , Duong Andrew , Chen Matthew , Wang Jennifer C. , Heckmann Nathanael D. , Menendez Lawrence
Published: June 2023

Aims

The modern prevalence of primary tumours causing metastatic bone disease is ill-defined in the oncological literature. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence of primary tumours in the setting of metastatic bone disease, as well as reported rates of pathological fracture, postoperative complications, 90-day mortality, and 360-day mortality for each primary tumour subtype.

Methods

The Premier Healthcare Database was queried to identify all patients who were diagnosed with metastatic bone disease from January 2015 to December 2020. The prevalence of all primary tumour subtypes was tabulated. Rates of long bone pathological fracture, 90-day mortality, and 360-day mortality following surgical treatment of pathological fracture were assessed for each primary tumour subtype. Patient characteristics and postoperative outcomes were analyzed based upon whether patients had impending fractures treated prophylactically versus treated completed fractures.

Results

In total, 407,893 unique patients with metastatic bone disease were identified. Of the 14 primary tumours assessed, metastatic bone disease most frequently originated from lung (24.8%), prostatic (19.4%), breast (19.3%), gastrointestinal (9.4%), and urological (6.5%) malignancies. The top five malignant tumours resulting in long bone pathological fracture were renal (5.8%), myeloma (3.4%), female reproductive (3.2%), lung (2.8%), and breast (2.7%). Following treatment of pathological fractures of long bones, 90-day mortality rates were greatest for lung (12.1%), central nervous system (10.5%), lymphoma (10.4%), gastrointestinal (10.1%), and non-renal urinary (10.0%) malignancies. Finally, our study demonstrates improved 90-day and 360-day survival in patients treated for impending pathological fracture compared to completed fracture, as well as significantly lower rates of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, urinary tract infection, and blood transfusion.

Conclusion

This study defines the contemporary characteristics of primary malignancies resulting in metastatic bone disease. These data should be considered by surgeons when prognosticating patient outcomes during treatment of their metastatic bone disease.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(6):424–431.
Estimating carbon storage of Eucalyptus urophylla vegetation in Mutis Timau Nature Reserve, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia using remote sensing analysis
Authors: SADONO RONGGO , WARDHANA WAHYU , WIRABUANA PANDU YUDHA ADI PUTRA
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Sadono R, Wardhana W, Wirabuana PYAP. 2023. Estimating carbon storage of Eucalyptus urophylla vegetation in Mutis Timau Nature Reserve, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia using remote sensing analysis. Biodiversitas 24: 1946-1952. The presence of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake in Mutis Timau Nature Reserve (Cagar Alam) in Timor Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia plays an important role in long-term climate change mitigation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the carbon storage of E. urophylla in Mutis Timau Nature Reserve in varying tree densities using remote sensing analysis. Sentinel 2B satellite image acquired on 10 September 2022 was used to generate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) using ArcGis 10.8. The NDVI values were then classified to generate the land cover type and density of E. urophylla. The NDVI values greater than 0.7 were assigned as the stands of E. urophylla and classified into low, moderate, and high density. The total carbon storage of each density area was calculated using the estimated area and secondary data of total carbon storage per ha for corresponding densities. The results of remote sensing analysis showed that E. urophylla vegetation was found to cover 73.82% or 9,084.56 ha of the total 12,306.43 ha estimated study area. The estimated area for moderate vegetation density of E. urophylla was 5,150.26 ha followed by low and high densities of 3,857.48 ha and 96.81 ha, respectively. The carbon storage of low, moderate, and high density was calculated to be 577,273.38, 996,655.61 and 27,467.90 tons C, respectively, totaling 1,601,396.89 tons C across the nature reserve. The findings of this study recommend that the coverage of E. urophylla vegetation needs to be expanded, specifically to become high-density to enhance carbon stock, for example through restoration.
Ethnobotany of Zingiberaceae in Mae Hong Son, Northern Thailand
Authors: INTA ANGKHANA , TRISONTHI CHUSIE , PONGAMORNKUL WITTAYA , PANYADEE PRATEEP
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Inta A, Trisonthi C, Pongamornkul W, Panyadee P. 2023. Ethnobotany of Zingiberaceae in Mae Hong Son, Northern Thailand. Biodiversitas 24: 2114-2124. Zingiberaceae (ginger family) is one of the most important used plant families in Thailand. In this study, the uses of ginger species among the ethnic groups in Mae Hong Son province, northern Thailand, was investigated, which aims to answer these questions: how much diversity of ginger species is being used by the ethnicities in northern Thailand; which use categories are a most important use of ginger species? and which species or genera are the most important? The qualitative and quantitative ethnobotanical investigations were conducted with informants through semi-structured interviewing during a walk-in-the-woods in the forest around the villages and home gardens. The importance of each ginger species was compared using the ethnobotanical indices, including use-report (UR), cultural importance index (CI), fidelity level (FL), and informant agreement ratio (IAR). Therefore, 1,218 use reports of local Zingiberaceae were recorded, belonging to six use categories; 33 native ginger species of 9 genera were found. Food and medicine are the two most dominant use categories, with 572 and 446 use reports, respectively. According to the number of UR and CI, the most important local Zingiberaceae species were Zingiber purpureum, Curcuma longa, Alpinia galanga, Z. officinale, Z. ottensii, Z. rubens and Amomum siamense, respectively. About half of the ethnomedicinal ginger species found in this study were first reported for their medicinal properties.
Evaluation of stingless bee honey quality (Tetragonula laeviceps) based on their physicochemical from different origins
Authors: Agussalim Agussalim , Sabir Ardo , Sahlan Muhamad , Agus Ali
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Agussalim, Sabir A, Sahlan M, Agus A. 2023. Evaluation of stingless bee honey quality (Tetragonula laeviceps) based on their physicochemical from different origins. Biodiversitas 24: 2134-2142. Honey is a natural food mainly composed of sugars and other components such as enzymes, amino acids, organic acids, carotenoids, vitamins, minerals, and aromatic substances. This study aimed to determine the quality of stingless bee honey (Tetragonula laeviceps) based on their physicochemical from different origins of Lombok, Magelang, and Purworejo (Indonesia). The honey was physicochemically analyzed on its moisture, fat, protein (by proximate analysis), energy (bomb calory meter), flavonoid, phenolic, and DPPH antioxidant (spectrophotometer Uv-Vis), organic and amino acids (high-performance liquid chromatography). Honey from Lombok was lower in moisture content (p<0.01) and higher in protein, energy, citric acid, propionic acid, phenolic, flavonoid, DPPH antioxidant, amino acids (aspartic acid, glutamic acid, asparagine, glycine, and threonine) than honey from Magelang and Purworejo (p<0.01). Also, the citric acid of honey from Lombok and Magelang was similar. It was higher than citric acid honey from Purworejo (p<0.01). The lactic acid of honey from Lombok and Purworejo was similar. Both were higher than the lactic acid of honey from Magelang (p<0.05), but not on fat, butyric acid, and other amino acids. Thus, T. laeviceps honey from Lombok has a better quality based on physicochemical than honey Magelang and Purworejo. Honey from T. laevicepsis rich in phenolic and flavonoids to support the higher antioxidant.
Phylogenetic analysis of Streptomyces producing antimicrobial agent isolated from Kukup Beach Sand, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: AMBARWATI AMBARWATI , SANTOSO BROTO , SOFYAN AAN
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Ambarwati A, Santoso B, Sofyan A. 2023. Phylogenetic analysis of Streptomyces producing antimicrobial agent isolated from Kukup Beach Sand, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2374-2383. Microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and Streptomyces are sources of bioactive compounds. Streptomyces is known as the largest antibiotic-producing genus. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of Streptomyces isolates and analyze the relationship between Streptomyces isolates based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The Streptomyces isolates were screened for their antimicrobial activity based on their ability to inhibit test bacteria growth using the agar block method. The selected isolates that showed antimicrobial activity were molecularly characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The result showed 32 Streptomyces isolates successfully isolated on SCA and Raffinosa Histidine Agar media. Among 32 isolates, it was observed that five isolates demonstrated the ability to inhibit the test bacteria growth on 9 to 25 mm of inhibition zone diameters. The BRI-18 isolate showed the highest antimicrobial activity inhibiting Bacillus subtilis G. FNCC 0060 on 25 mm of inhibition zone diameter (strong inhibition category). Based on 16S rRNA sequences, it was known that five isolates belonged to Streptomyces. BLAST analysis on the ARA-5 isolate revealed that it was closely related to Streptomyces griseoincarnatus (Preobrazhenskaya et al. 1957) Pridham et al. 1958 strain JCM 4381 with 99.62% sequence similarities. The AR3-29 isolate was a sister clade identical to Streptomyces rochei Berger et al. 1953 strain NRRL B-1559 with a 99.35% similarity level. The BRI-18 and BRI-19 isolates were the most similar to Streptomyces fradiae (Waksman & Curtis) Waksman & Henrici 1948 strain NBRC 12773 on 96.87% and 95.15% of index similarity, respectively, whereas the BRI-35 isolate demonstrated the highest similarity to Streptomyces zhihengii Huang et al. 2017 strain YIM T102 (97.02%). The research demonstrated that Streptomyces isolates from Kukup beach sand showed the potential as an antimicrobial agent.
Diversity and traditional ethnozoological uses of ichthyofauna by the Bodo Tribes of Kokrajhar, Assam, Northeast India
Authors: BASUMATARY GANDOLI , NARZARY BICHITRA , KHANGEMBAM BRONSON KUMAR
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Basumatary G, Narzary B, Khangembam BK. 2023. Diversity and traditional ethnozoological uses of ichthyofauna by the Bodo Tribes of Kokrajhar, Assam, Northeast India. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 49-57. Fish is an important component of ethnomedicine for treating many diseases in many tribal cultures worldwide. Traditional medicine remains the primary healthcare system in most rural populations worldwide, and ethnomedicine is the foundation of many modern-day disease management. The use of fish in traditional healthcare could be a potent source for finding new compounds with therapeutic prospects. Studies on ethnoichthyology have indicated fish as an important component for treating many diseases. However, such studies are yet to be fully documented in the northeastern states of India, especially in Kokrajhar, Assam. The Bodos are one of the largest tribal groups of Assam in Northeast India, with a rich traditional knowledge system. The study explores the traditional uses of fish for various ethnomedicinal properties and health benefits by the Bodos of Kokrajhar, Assam. The study was conducted in eight villages of Kokrajhar District from March 2019 to February 2020 through personal interviews and semi-structured questionnaires with 150 informants. Thirty-four different fish species from 20 different families were identified to be used for their health benefits and therapeutic properties. The highest number of fish species belonged to the family Cyprinidae (20.59%), followed by Channidae (11.76%) and Ambassidae (8.82%). The highest use value (0.58) and relative frequency of citation (0.37) was recorded for Heteropneustes fossilis. Anaemia, gastrointestinal and integumentary disorders, and body weakness were the most commonly mentioned ailments treated. The present study also reported some small indigenous fish species for their health benefits. The study also found some unique traditional methods for preparing and applying fish species (Xenentodon cancila, Chitala chitala, Glossogobius giuris, Leiodon cutcutia, etc.) not reported earlier. Identification and detailed study of the biochemical profile of these different species may be recommended to develop suitable alternatives to synthetic medicines. This study may be a valuable addition to the rich traditional knowledge of Northeast India.
Systematic comparison of head mounted display colorimetric performance using various color characterization models
Authors: Bhaumik Ujjayanta , Leloup Frédéric B. , Smet Kevin
Published: June 2023

The advancement of virtual reality in recent times has seen unprecedented applications in the scientific sphere. This work focuses on the colorimetric characterization of head mounted displays for psychophysical experiments for the study of color perception. Using a head mounted display to present stimuli to observers requires a full characterization of the display to ensure that the correct color is presented. In this paper, a simulation is done to mimic a practical display with color channel interactions and characterization of simulated data is done using the following models: gain offset gamma model, gain offset gamma offset model, gain gamma offset model, piecewise linear assuming chromaticity constancy model, piecewise linear model assuming variation in chromaticity, look-up table model, polynomial regression model, and an artificial neural network model. an analysis showed that the polynomial regression, artificial neural network, and look-up table models were substantially better than other models in predicting a set of rgb values, which can be passed as input to a head mounted display to output desired target xyz values. both the look-up table and polynomial regression models could achieve a just noticeable difference between the actual input and predicted output color of less than 1. the gain offset gamma, gain offset gamma offset, and gain gamma offset models were not effective in colorimetric characterization, performing badly for simulations as they do not incorporate color channel interactions. the gain offset gamma model was the best among these three models and the lowest just noticeable difference it could achieve was over 13, clearly too high for color science experiments.
Improvement of community health worker counseling skills through early childhood development (ECD) videos, supervision and mentorship: A mixed methods pre-post evaluation from Tanzania
Authors: Ferla Josephine Pascal , Gill Michelle M. , Komba Teopista , Abubakar Amina , Remes Pieter , Jahanpour Ola , Mariki Martha , Mang’enya Mary A. , Van de Ven Roland , Antelman Gretchen
Published: June 2023

Background

Community health workers (CHWs) play significant roles in improving health practices in under- resourced communities. This study evaluated an early childhood development (ECD) project in Tanzania assessing the effect of mobile video use, supervision and mentorship to improve quality of CHW counseling skills.

Methods

CHWs participating in the Malezi Project in Tabora Region were enrolled in a mixed methods pre-post evaluation. CHWs previously trained in UNICEF’s Care for Child Development package were further trained in counselling caregivers on nurturing care and father engagement using videos. Health providers were trained to provide ECD-focused supervision/mentorship of CHWs in facilities and during home visits. At baseline and endline, CHWs completed interviews and trained study staff observed and scored CHW counseling sessions using a structured checklist which were reduced into six dimensions through principal component analysis: introduce, educate, ask, plan/problem solve, interact/encourage, and responsive care. Twenty-five in-depth interviews were completed with caregivers and four focus group discussions with CHWs were conducted.

Results

Almost all (n = 107; 95%) 119 enrolled CHWs completed the expected eight observations (n = 471 baseline; n = 453 endline). At endline, more CHWs reported having one-on-one meetings with their supervisors (51% increasing to 75%; p < .0002) and that supervisors accompanied them to households for mentoring (60% increasing to 89%; p < .0001). We observed a shift in CHW counselling skills in clinic and home sessions. Scores in the categories of introduce, plan/problem solve, and interact/encourage significantly improved between baseline and endline; scores for ask and educate remained unchanged or decreased at both timepoints. Two-thirds of caregivers interviewed reported that father’s involvement with their child increased due to CHW visits. Male participation increased in home observation sessions from 5.6% at baseline to 17.6% at endline (p < .0001).

Conclusion

Use of videos, supervision, and mentorship were associated with CHW performance improvements in providing nurturing care counselling and in father engagement, especially in home settings.
Analyzing Social Media Sentiment: Twitter as a Case Study
Authors: Jasim Yaser A. , Saeed Mustafa G. , Raewf Manaf B.
Published: June 2023

This study examines the problem of Twitter sentimental analysis, which categorizes Tweets as positive or negative. Many applications require analyzing public mood, including organizations attempting to determine the market response to their products, political election forecasting, and macroeconomic phenomena such as stock exchange forecasting. Twitter is a social networking microblogging and digital platform that allows users to update their status in a maximum of 140 characters. It is a rapidly expanding platform with over 200 million registered users, 100 million active users, and half of the people log on every day, tweeting out over 250 million tweets. Public opinion analysis is critical for applications, including firms looking to understand market responses to their products, predict political choices, and forecast socio-economic phenomena like bonds. Through the deep learning methodologies, a recurrent neural network with convolutional neural network models was constructed to do Twitter sentiment analysis to predict if a tweet is positive or negative using a dataset of tweets. The applied methods were trained using a publicly available dataset of 1,600,000 tweets. Several model architectures were trained, with the best one achieving a (93.91%) success rate in recognizing the tweets' matching sentiment. The model's high success rate makes it a valuable advisor and a technique that might be improved to enable an integrated sentiment analyzer system that can work in real-world situations for political marketing.
Realistic aspects behind the application of the rat model of chemically-induced mammary cancer: Practical guidelines to obtain the best results
Authors: Silva Jéssica , Duarte José Alberto , Oliveira Paula A.
Published: June 2023

Cancer is one of the most important public health problems worldwide. Despite the great contribution of in-vitro studies for biomedical research, animals are essential to study diseases’ biopathology and diagnosis, and searching for new preventive and therapeutic strategies. Breast cancer is currently the most common cancer globally, accounting for 12.5% of all new annual cancer cases worldwide. Although the rat model of mammary cancer chemically-induced is widely used to study this disease, there is a lack of standardization in procedures for cancer induction, sample collection, and analysis. Therefore, it is important to provide a practical guide for researchers aiming to work with this model to make the analysis of results more uniform. Thus, in this review, we provide the researchers with a detailed step-by-step guide to implement a rat model of mammary cancer, based on our wide experience in this field, to obtain the best results, maximum throughput of each experiment, and easy comparison among researches.

Keywords: carcinogenesis, guide, modeling, rodents, tips.
Higher troponin T serum concentrations in hospital patients without diagnosed cardiac diseases compared to a population-based cohort
Authors: Gessner Romy , Gärtner Christiane , Schmidt Maria , Eckelt Felix , Wirkner Kerstin , Löffler Markus , Uhe Tobias , Isermann Berend , Laufs Ulrich , Kaiser Thorsten , Wachter Rolf
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Upper reference limits of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) are derived from healthy, population-based cohorts, and are frequently exceeded in hospitalized patients. In this study we aim to systematically examine the differences between in-hospital patients with no diagnosed cardiac diseases and a population-based cohort.

Methods

Retrospective analyses were performed in two independent cohorts. We included 5,652 participants of the prospective population-based LIFE cohort as well as 9,300 patients having been treated at our hospital between 2014 and 2021. In both cohorts, subjects with diagnosed or suspected cardiac diseases were excluded. We used Spearman’s rank correlation for correlation analyses of hs-cTnT serum concentrations and age. Sex- and age-adjusted 99th percentiles for hs-cTnT in subjects with preserved renal function were obtained in both cohorts.

Results

In both cohorts, hs-cTnT serum concentrations positively correlated with age. Male sex was associated with higher hs-cTnT serum concentrations. Persons treated in hospital showed significantly higher hs-cTnT concentrations in females and males aged above 50. While in the population-based cohort only 99th percentile hs-cTnT results of females aged above 70 and males aged above 60 years exceeded the assay’s upper reference limit, the 99th percentiles of in-hospital females over 40 years and males of all age groups exceeded this threshold.

Conclusions

Besides age and sex, hospitalization per se is correlated with higher serum concentrations of hs-cTnT in most age groups. Our results indicate, that unconditionally applying current hs-cTnT cut-offs to inpatients might overestimate myocardial infarction and potentially lead to overdiagnosis.
Identification of an Inverse Source Problem in a Fractional Partial Differential Equation Based on Sinc-Galerkin Method and TSVD Regularization
Authors: Safaie Ali , Salehi Shayegan Amir Hossein , Shahriari Mohammad
Published: June 2023

In this paper, using Sinc-Galerkin method and TSVD regularization, an approximation of the quasi-solution to an inverse source problem is obtained.
To do so, the solution of direct problem is obtained by the Sinc-Galerkin method, and this solution is applied in a least squares cost functional.
Then, to obtain an approximation of the quasi-solution, we minimize the cost functional by TSVD regularization.
Error analysis and convergence of the proposed method are investigated.
In addition, at the end, four numerical examples are given in details to show the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.
Methylene blue removal from aqueous solution using modified Met-SWCNT-Ag nanoparticles: optimization using RSM-CCD
Authors: Mahmoudi Shirin , Otadi Maryam , Hekmati Malak , Monajjemi Majid , Shekarabi Azadeh Sadat
Published: June 2023

The presence of residual organic dyes in water resources results in a threat for both environment and human health due to their adverse health effects such as mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity. Thus, they must be removed from industrial wastewater. Among these dyes, methylene blue (MB) is a toxic, carcinogenic, and almost non-biodegradable dye and can pose a significant threat to human health and environmental safety. Thus, it is removed from industrial effluents by a variety of methods, including adsorption, prior to discharge into the environment. This study aims to optimize the adsorption conditions of MB from an aqueous solution with nanocomposite of silver onto single-wall carbon nanotube metronidazole (Met-SWCNTs/Ag). Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Central Composite Design (CCD) is used to optimize and model the adsorption of MB dye (as pollutant) on Met-SWCNTs/Ag. The Met-SWCNTs/Ag is synthesized using Met-SWCNT impregnated with silver nitrate. The produced Met-SWCNT/Ag nanocomposite is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The effect of four independent variables including nanoparticle (NP)/dye ratio, temperature, pH and contact time on MB removal on the specific surface area of SWCNT/Ag and Met-SWCNTs/Ag is evaluated. The accuracy and fit of the model for MB removal using Met-SWCNTs/Ag are estimated by ANOVA with R
2 > 0.99 and P-value < 0.0001. RSM results indicates that the NP/Dye ratio has the most significant influence on the adsorption of MB onto Met-SWCNTs/Ag. The optimal condition of the adsorption process takes place at NP/Dye ratio of 2.21, contact time of 65.57 min, and pH = 6.15 at 25.79 °C temperature leading into a 98.94 % MB removal. Isotherms and kinetic studies are performed to characterize the adsorption behavior of the adsorbent for MB removal. The adsorption behavior of the MB onto Met-SWCNTs/Ag is best described by the Langmuir isotherm model with regression coefficient R
2 of 0.9935 with the Q
max of 112.42 mg/g. Adsorption kinetics of Met-SWCNT/Ag is investigated and modelled by means of the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order models which is best fitted to the pseudo-second-order model. The thermodynamic study reveals that the adsorption of MB dye is spontaneous and exothermic. Experimental results suggest that the modified SWCNTs/Ag with Met achieves a higher removal efficiency of (∼98 %) when compared to SWCNTs/Ag (∼93 %).
The Learning of “Integration” in Theological Field Education: A Grounded Theory Study in the Experience of Hong Kong Theological Students
Authors: Ping Pun Yuk
Published: June 2023

This study explores how Hong Kong theological students understand the term “integration” and how they learn it. It adopts the constructivist approach of grounded theory as its research method to interview nineteen students. Five types of “integration” are identified, each referring to a different aspect of learning in field education. The analysis illustrates the multidimensional nature of the learning experience of the students. The final section of this paper makes practical recommendations on the future pedagogical development of theological field education.
Design and implementation of optical image communication encoding grounded on optical Fourier transform
Authors: Malsaria Anshika , Vyas Pankaj , Kaur Manjit
Published: June 2023

This research suggests a unique picture encoding technique based on OFT and block-based transformation in order to communicate image data over an open network. First, a transformation technique was used to create a transformed picture, and then an optical Fourier transform (OFT) algorithm was used to encode the newly-created encrypted version of the converted image. The suggested method’s security relies on the alteration algorithm, sensitivity to the randomness of the phase mask, and the order of OFT. The method has been shown to be beneficial in theoretical and experimental studies. As a result of the implementation, the maximum and minimum UACI (unified average changed intensity) and pixel rate (NPCR). A foundation for future research and a framework for new researchers have been laid down in this study.
Border walls, imagined and real
Authors: McGuire Randall H.
Published: June 2023

Hanscam and Buchanan (2023) give us an insightful comparative analysis of Hadrian's Wall and the US/Mexico border wall. Their analysis shows how critically to study and use these long walls in an explicitly political archaeology. I have engaged in archaeology as political action (McGuire 2008), and have researched the materiality of the US/Mexico border while doing humanitarian work along that border (McGuire 2013). Hanscam and Buchanan deftly employ archaeology as a political tool to challenge capitalist ideologies about borders. They plead for a politically relevant archaeology that engages the past to address modern issues. Without such relevance, they fear that archaeology will be made redundant. I emphatically agree with them that an activist archaeology makes our discipline more relevant. I fear, however, that these politics may be our demise rather than our salvation.
Borders and politically proactive archaeologies
Authors: Hanscam Emily , Buchanan Brian
Published: June 2023

We are grateful for the participation of the respondents and heartened at the general agreement on the importance of a politically proactive archaeology. Inevitably, the authors offer differing perspectives on how best to achieve this goal, including the degree to which political engagement may foster the strength and relevance of the discipline (McGuire 2023), the limitations of landscape or assemblage perspectives for analysing these issues (Gardner 2023; Szary 2023), and whether or not such a call is even necessary because many archaeologists are already engaged with this type of research (Soto 2023). We appreciate the opportunity that these comments provide to us for critical reflection on our arguments; here, we briefly engage with the major themes raised as part of the ongoing dialogue.
Role of oxidative stress in male infertility
Authors: Takalani Ndivhuho B , Monageng Elizabeth M , Mohlala Kutullo , Monsees Thomas K , Henkel Ralf , Opuwari Chinyerum S
Published: June 2023

Graphical abstract

Infertility affects millions of couples worldwide. Oxidative stress (OS) causes peroxidation of lipids and damage to spermatozoa, thus, reducing the quality of seminal parameters. In addition, the differences in the levels of antioxidants and reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by intrinsic and extrinsic variables linked to lifestyle, diet, genetics, and OS also contribute to male infertility. High levels of ROS result in sperm damage of sperm parameters due to lipid peroxidation and oxidation of proteins. Other significant causes of ROS include changes in sex hormone levels, sperm DNA damage, including mutations, and immature spermatozoa. Treating the root causes of OS, by changing one’s lifestyle, as well as antioxidant therapy, may be helpful strategies to fight OS-related infertility. However, the determination of male infertility induced by OS is currently a challenge in the field of reproductive health research. This review intends to describe the role of oxidative stress on male infertility and the current understanding of its management.

Lay summary

The inability to conceive affects many couples globally. Oxidative stress refers to imbalances between different oxygen species which can lead to male fertility problems by damaging sperm and semen. Oxidative stress may be caused by several factors, including diets high in fats, sugars and processed foods, lifestyle (including smoking, alcohol consumption and having a sedentary lifestyle), and genetics. Treatment that focuses on the root cause may help combat male infertility. However, there is currently no consensus on the best way to treat male fertility problems, particularly those associated with oxidative stress. This paper describes the role of oxidative stress on male infertility and discusses the current techniques employed in treating male fertility issues.
Un “pueblo”. Concepto y acto fundador de la juridicidad
Authors: Corzo Laverde Herwin , Forero-Medina Henry , Fonseca-Sandoval Jose Daniel
Published: June 2023

“Pueblo” puede tener múltiples significados. Para el derecho moderno, es el significante que intenta justificar la existencia y obediencia del régimen legal vigente. Como apelación a una particular filosofía política, el “pueblo” que fundamenta lo jurídico se determina por la mera coexistencia en un territorio regido por una soberanía. Una noción de “pueblo” divergente, y que por tanto se rehúsa a confirmar sobre sí el estado de cosas actual, es posible y, en términos de conflicto político, necesaria. Por eso, presentamos al concepto de pueblo desde Ernesto Laclau y Enrique Dussel como esencia de lo político y como potencialidad de organización de los excluidos contra el orden social vigente.
De la variable controlada al dato empírico: cuatro casos de control de variables en experimentos de tecnología lítica / From controlled variable to empirical data: four cases of control of variables in lithic technology experiments
Authors: Cuartero Monteagudo Felipe , Alcaraz-Castaño Manuel , Baena Preysler Javier
Published: June 2023

En el presente trabajo utilizamos la caracterización del experimento científico propuesta por el filósofo de la ciencia Mario Bunge para presentar una serie de cuatro experimentos en el campo de la tecnología lítica. Nos centramos en evaluar el grado de control de variables asumido en dichos experimentos, presentándolos de menor a mayor según dicho grado de control. Las temáticas abarcadas en los experimentos presentados son: (a) técnicas de talla en el yacimiento olduvayense de Dmanisi (Georgia); (b) eficacia funcional de los cepillos del yacimiento mesolítico de Parque Darwin (Madrid); (c) eficacia de diversas técnicas de tratamiento térmico en rocas silíceas; y (d) eficacia de una técnica especial de preparación de talones en la configuración de foliáceas del yacimiento solutrense de Las Delicias (Madrid). En cada caso discutimos el procedimiento de control de variables que ha sido empleado, así como la forma de presentar los datos generados. Por último, evaluamos la relevancia y el grado de contrastación que permite cada experimento, señalando la necesidad de diseñar experimentos que permitan un alto grado de replicabilidad y contrastación.Palabras clave: experimento; tecnología lítica; control de variables; técnicas de talla; tratamiento térmicoAbstract:In this paper we use the characterization of scientific experiment put forward by the philosopher of science Mario Bunge to present a series of four experiments in the field of lithic technology. We pay especial attention to how these experiments deal with control of variables and we present them in order from the lowest to the highest level of control. Topics of studied experiments include (a) knapping techniques in the Oldowan site of Dmanisi (Georgia), (b) functional utility of the rabots found in the Mesolithic site of Parque Darwin (Madrid, Spain), (c) effectiveness of different heat treatments techniques on siliceous rocks, and (d) usefulness for foliate production of a special technique of platform preparation identified at the Solutrean site of Las Delicias (Madrid, Spain). In each experiment we discuss how variables were controlled and how generated data were presented, with the final aim of assessing both the relevance and the degree of replicability of experiments. We stress the necessity of devising experiments allowing for a high degree of replicability and contrast.Keywords: Experiment; Lithic Technology; Control of Variables; Knapping Techniques; Heat Treatment.
To grip or not to grip: an experimental approach for understanding the use of prehensile areas in mousterian tools / Agarrar o no agarrar: una aproximación experimental para comprender el uso de áreas prensiles en útiles Musterienses
Authors: Baena Preysler Javier , Torres Navas Concepción , Pérez Díaz Sara , Bustos-Pérez Guillermo , Romagnoli Francesca
Published: June 2023

The existence of a more or less complex handling technology with the lithic tools during the Lower and Middle Paleolithic is an interesting topic for understanding aspects of the human behavior during these periods. In this work we present a preliminary experimental evaluation of the possible functionality of prehensile area in some of the most representative lithic types of the Mousterian assemblages (dorsal elements and levallois chapeau de gendarme proximal area), in which the morphological comparative analysis of imprints and prehensile tool areas, is compared by 3D analysis procedures. Preliminary results indicate that there is a close relationship between the digital grasp morphologie and the prehensile area of some Mousterian techno-types. We also discussed the relevance and significance of these provisional conclusions in the context of hunter gather communities.Key words: Mousterian; experimental archaeology; lithic tools; griping; hafting; 3D.Resumen:La existencia de una tecnología más o menos compleja en el manejo de los útiles líticos durante el Paleolítico Inferior y Medio es una clave interesante para conocer, en todas sus facetas, a los grupos humanos de estos periodos. En este trabajos presentamos una evaluación experimental de carácter preliminar sobre el posible funcionamiento de las áreas prensiles de algunos de los tipos líticos más representativos de los conjuntos musterienses (elementos de dorso y talones Levallois de chapeau de gendarme) en la que el análisis morfológico de improntas en masillas y en útiles líticos se compara mediante procedimientos de análisis 3D. Los resultados preliminares indican que existe una estrecha relación entre las morfologías de prensión digital y las áreas prensiles de algunos tecno-tipos musterienses. Igualmente discutimos qué significado pueden tener estas conclusiones provisionales.Palabras clave: musteriense; arqueología experimental; útiles líticos; agarre; enmangue; 3D.
Geomechanical and geodetic methods of prediction of changes in the state of the geological environment in the mining region
Authors: Bubnova Оlena
Published: June 2023

The mining industry is one of the most destructive for the environment. The properties of rocks, the state of the natural complex, the relief, а surface and underground water regime change significantly around the deposit being developed, over a large area and at depth, which leads to the development of negative natural and technogenic processes, such as landslides, shifts, flooding, etc. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to develop forecasts of changes in the state of the geological environment for the early development and application of measures that will reduce the negative impact or even prevent the development of landslides and flooding. In the article, the main negative natural and technogenic processes developed in mining regions are discussed. It is noted that their development depends on the factors of all processes of mining production, their regime and capacity, as well as the state of the environment itself, which preceded the action of these processes. It is shown that the parameters of the interaction of different types of environments, as well as their mutual location, also affect changes in the state of the geological environment. It is noted that the areas of the primary disturbed environment for conditions of open development of the deposit, as well as the areas of technogenic environments are calculated during the design period of the development of the deposit. And the area of the secondary disturbed environment is individual for each object, it can be roughly calculated using the presented expressions. Since the behavior of changes in the geological environment at each of the deposits being developed is different and depends on many factors, it is proposed to perform forecasting using geomechanical modeling of the state of a complex system. Due to the fact that such forecasting requires a large amount of data, it is proposed to obtain them by geodetic methods, namely by performing lidar surveying, which will allow obtaining data not only on the position in space of all points of the research area, but also to assess the state of the territory itself, which is impossible with other geodetic methods. Keywords: forecasting, state change, environmental area, geodetic methods, quarry, dump, 3d model of the territory, lidar survey, modeling.
PRESENTATION OF THE GRAVITY FIELD OF CELESTIAL BODIES USING THE POTENTIALS OF FLAT ELLIPSOIDAL DISCS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Fys M.M. , Brydun A.M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Sohor A.R. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lozynskyy V..A. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: June 2023

One of the possible ways for representing the external gravitational field of the planet by the potentials of flat discs, based on the classical potential theory, is proposed. At the same time, the potentials of a single- and double-layer are used for the description with the placement of the integration regions in the equatorial plane. The coefficients of the series expansion of these functions are linear combinations of the Stokes constants of the gravitational field and are uniquely expressed in terms of them. Series terms are single- or double-layer potentials. This makes it possible to calculate these terms using the results of the ellipsoid potential theory. The convergence of such a series, in contrast to the traditional one for spherical functions, is much wider and practically covers the effect of the external potential excluding the region of integration, including in the superficial parts of the surface. Since there is no problem with the convergence of the obtained expansions, we can interpret the obtained results more fully. The construction of flat density distributions for the potentials of a single and double layer is an additional tool in the study of the internal structure of the celestial body, as it is essentially a projection of the volume density of the planet’s interior onto the equatorial plane. Therefore, the extrema of these functions combine the features of the three-dimensional distribution function of the planet’s interior
Comparison of Support Vector Machines and K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm Analysis of Spam Comments on Youtube Covid Omicron
Authors: Sudianto Sudianto , Masheli Juan Arton Arton , Nugroho Nursatio , Ananda Rumpoko Rafi Wika , Akhmad Zarkasih
Published: June 2023

Every time a new variant of Coronavirus (Covid-19) appears, themedia or news platforms review it to find out whether the new variantis more dangerous or contagious than before. One of the media orplatforms that is fast in presenting news in videos is YouTube.YouTube is a social media that can upload videos, watch videos, andcomment on the video. The comment field on YouTube videos cannotbe separated from spam comments that annoy other users who want tofollow or participate in the comment column. Indication of spamcomments is still done by observing one by one; this is very inefficientand time-consuming. This study aims to create a model that canclassify spam on YouTube comments. The classification method uses the SVM (Support Vector Machines) algorithm and the KNN (K-Nearest Neighbor) algorithm to identify spam comments or not with comment data taken from Omicron's Covid-19 news video on national news channels. The classification results show that the SVM method is superior inaccuracy with the Linear SVC algorithm of 75.12%, SVC of 76.11%, and Nu-SVC of 77.11%. While the KNN algorithm with k=2 is 65.67%, k=4 is 64.51%, k=6 is 62.35%.
Design of Field Rental System on Web-Based Garuda Mataram Badminton Club
Authors: Marzuki Khairan , Anggrawan Anthony , Wardhana Helna , Rady Putra Lalau Ganda , Rinaldi Canggih Wahyu
Published: June 2023

Residents of West Nusa Tenggara, Mataram City, mostly like badminton. GOR Badminton Garuda is a sports building that provides sports field rental services specifically for badminton (badminton) in the city of Mataram. Rental management at the Garuda Badminton Building is still carried out conventionally, namely by manually recording the list of field tenants in the rental book, resulting in difficult data searches and frequent schedule recording errors. In addition, making reports takes a long time because they are still made from rental books. In terms of field reservation, it is also considered less effective because tenants have to come to the field. The solution provided is to create a web-based online field rental information system using the Waterfall method. The results of creating this information system can make it easier for admins to manage rentals and make it easier for the public to get information and field booking services online. Based on Usability testing using the ISO 9126 model, the Field Rental Information System at the Garuda Badminton Sports Hall is in good criteria with a percentage of 83%.
Development of Web-Based Rtikabdimas Application With a Rapid Unified Process Approach
Authors: Cahyana Rinda , Setiawan Ridwan , Nugraha Ihsan
Published: June 2023

RTIKAbdimas is one of the annual routine ICT Volunteer programs in Indonesia. ICT volunteers use the website for information delivery, communication, and registration. Previous research has uncovered implementing and developing web platforms that support similar or benefit such programs, including information services, communications, registration, and online monitoring. Existing research still needs to provide a complete solution to the problem of printed files and manual methods in the RTIKAbdimas business process. This study aims to develop a web-based RTIKAbdimas application using the Rapid Unified Process approach by adopting and complementing existing research results for different problems. This research has succeeded in meeting the system specifications of the RTIKAbdimas business process and includes several online services on web applications developed by previous research. All actors have a dashboard to enter data and access information on data processing results. The most crucial benefit of this research is the control and time efficiency of the activities of actors other than program managers.
Scrum Framework Implementation for Building an Application of Monitoring and Booking E-Bus Based on QRCode
Authors: El Hakim Faris Abdi , Prayudi Agus , Hanifati Kirana , Fariza Arna , Rante Hestiasari
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTThe increasing public interest in using the public transportation will reduce the volume of vehicles operating on the streets. The derivative of the description above is how to make people prefer to use bus transportation instead of using private vehicles in traveling within the city. Currently, there is 192.5 million smartphone’s user, in the other hand, the Indonesia government also supported the public transportation such as electrical bus. In November 2022, at KTT G20 Bali, INKA (Indonesia State-Owned Enterprise) and an academic institution consortium released 30 units of electrical buses. From that problem and opportunity, this research aims to propose an application that provides comprehensive information on public transportation, especially inner-city buses. So that, the user could easily track and book the bus. The proposed application is a real-time web-based application aimed at the public as users. This application is accessed using electronic devices such as cell phones, tablets, laptops, and computers. In this research we also proposed conceptual and scrum method for further implementation. We used the Scrum method to build the proposed application, the roles of the scrum team are one product owner, one scrum master, two development teams (UI/UX and developer), and 2 sprints. Implementing the Scrum method in the development process could help organize and increase team productivity. The result of this research is the prototype of a Monitoring and Booking e-Bus Based on a QR Code. In future research we would like to implement this concept and survey the user experience with PIECES framework to get the user comfort in using the proposed application.