bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fernando Purcell. Una guerra contra la pobreza. Voluntarios del Cuerpo de Paz, interacciones y desarrollo comunitario en Sudamérica en los años sesenta. Santiago, Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2023, 254 pp. ISBN: 978-956-289-315-2
Authors: Briones Molina Daniel
Published: June 2024

La década de 1960 fue un período bastante complejo en el análisis de la política internacional. Desde una mirada global, América Latina se vio posicionada en el centro de los procesos históricos marcados por la Revolución Cubana y por el surgimiento de una serie de procesos revolucionarios. En el caso particular del libro de Fernando Purcell, su estudio se inscribe en la comprensión de un período complejo, con agentes dinámicos, sobre disputas y visiones disímiles de la sociedad en el continente y su accionar en el gran proceso de modernizar y superar el “subdesarrollo”. La guerra contra la pobreza es un esfuerzo de Purcell por elaborar una mirada amplia sobre las acciones –logradas o incompletas– que desplegaron los voluntarios del Cuerpo de Paz en la región sur de América.
Okul Öncesi Dönem Çocuklarının Psikolojik Dayanıklılıklarının Duygu Düzenleme Becerileri Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Gülay Ogelman Hülya , Kahveci Döne
Published: June 2024

Araştırmanın amacı, okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının psikolojik dayanıklılıklarının duygu düzenleme becerileri üzerindeki yordayıcı etkilerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunda, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı ilkokulların ve ortaokulların anasınıflarına devam eden 5-6 yaş grubundan 219 çocuk (107 kız, 112 erkek) yer almaktadır. Çocukların 59’ u 5 yaş, 160’ ı 6 yaş grubundandır. Çocuklardan 154’ü ilkokula bağlı anasınıfına, 65’i ortaokula bağlı anasınıfına devam etmektedir. Araştırmada Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Duygu Düzenleme Stratejileri Ölçeği, Risk Faktörleri Listesi ve Erken Çocuklukta Yılmazlık Ölçeği (EÇYÖ) olmak üzere dört ölçme aracı bulunmaktadır. Veriler normal dağıldığı için Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon Katsayısı ve Basit Doğrusal Regresyon Analizi teknikleri uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının psikolojik dayanıklılıkları ile duygu düzenleme stratejileri algısı, duygu düzenleme stratejileri üretme, toplam duygu düzenleme stratejileri arasında anlamlı düzeyde ve olumlu yönde bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Psikolojik dayanıklılıkları arttıkça, duygu düzenleme stratejilerine ilişkin değişkenlerin düzeyleri artmakta, psikolojik dayanıklılıkları azaldıkça ilgili değişkenlerde de azalma görülmüştür. Ayrıca psikolojik dayanıklılık okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının duygu düzenleme stratejileri algısı, duygu düzenleme stratejileri üretme, toplam duygu düzenleme stratejileri değişkenlerini yordamaktadır. Psikolojik dayanıklılıklarının en çok yordadığı duygu düzenleme stratejisi değişkeni toplam duygu düzenleme becerileri iken, en az yordadığı değişken ise duygu düzenleme stratejileri üretmedir.
Exploring the Potential of Audiobooks to Build Key Competences in English Foreign Language Teaching and Lear
Authors: Genova Teodora , Garvanova Magdalena
Published: June 2024

This study aims to offer a classification of shortened terms and terminological phrases in Maritime English using the lexico-semantic method. It is based on examples excerpted from learning materials designed for cadets and students of Navigation at Varna Naval Academy, all of them compiled in the Learner’s English-Bulgarian Maritime Dictionary and forming a large corpus representative of the domain they are used in. Shortening here is chosen as an umbrella term for initialisms, acronyms, clippings and blends. The topic is worth discussing because it reveals techniques of shortening in maritime English thereby raising learners’ awareness to a variety of English they are going to face in their future work in a multinational environment.
The Association Between Preference and Consumption of Vegetables and Fruits on Health and Non-Health University Students in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Aji Arif Sabta , Triastanti Resti Kurnia , Herawati Herni Dwi
Published: June 2024

Fiber content in vegetables and fruits has benefits in preventing various diseases. Lack of consumption of vegetables and fruit can be influenced by various factors, such as preference factors. The difference of preference among students may impact their consumption status. This study aimed to identify the association of preferences with the consumption of vegetables and fruits among health and non-health students.: This was a cross-sectional study with 272 subjects and the data was taken by systematic random sampling. Data were collected using the online FFQ questionnaire which was conducted during November-December 2020 in Alma Ata University Yogyakarta. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test using SPSS v.23. This study showed that there was no difference between vegetable and fruit preferences among students (p>0.05). There were differences in the type of vegetable consumption (p = 0.049), and there was no difference in the type and frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption among health and non-health students (p>0.05). This study concluded that there was no difference in preference, type of fruit consumption, the frequency of vegetables, and fruit consumption among health and non-health students. However, there were differences in the types of vegetable consumption among health and non-health students. These findings suggested that the habit of consuming vegetables and fruits needs to be improved as part of their lifestyle.
The Effect of an Educational Video on Physical Activity for Diabetes Prevention among Obese High School Students in Yogyakarta
Authors: Jannah Miftahul , Aji Arif Sabta , Sari Pramitha , Afifah Effatul
Published: June 2024

The association of obesity with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adolescents has increased globally over the past 2 decades. Thus, it must be prevented and overcome with particular management. The study aimed to analyze the impact of video education on physical activity for the prevention of T2DM among obese high school students in Mergangsan district, Yogyakarta. This was a quasi-experimental study with one group pre and post-test design. Educational videos about the introduction to physical activity education were made and given to students. A total of 47 obese adolescents were recruited and tested for physical activity using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents questionnaire. (PAQ-A). The data was processed and analyzed using the Wilcoxon test with SPSS version 23.0. The results of the study were obtained before video education, physical activity in students with obesity was classified as mild (66%). After the video education was given, the physical activity of the majority was moderate (78.7%). There was an association between video education media and physical activity for the prevention of diabetes mellitus in students (p<0.001). The school is expected to continue to provide health advice to students, especially on obesity students to prevent T2DM in adolescents, and the use of educational media with video will be more effective.
Structural and dynamic evaluation of a test bench for mechanical vibrations using finite elements
Authors: Palmeth Luis Humberto Martinez , Marin Juan Gonzalo Ardila , Montiel Diana Carolina Polania
Published: June 2024

This numerical study was conducted to assess the experimental bench structure’s adequacy for measuring mechanical vibrations. The bench allows for three types of tests: dynamic imbalance of a single flywheel, dynamic imbalance of dual flywheels, and dynamic imbalance due to defective gears. A CAD (Computer-Aided Design) model of the vibration bench was developed in three distinct configurations. We then conducted structural (static) and dynamic (non-linear) analyses to assess the structural integrity of the bench, its components, and the expected vibration amplitudes during testing. Additionally, the structure’s natural frequencies were determined, and their compatibility with the expected excitation frequencies was confirmed. These assessments were executed using finite element models within the Solidworks Simulation™ framework. The findings indicate that, when designing such machinery, it is crucial to ensure that the vibration modes do not coincide with the excitation frequencies, as this can compromise the experimental results. Consequently, we have proposed and accessed two redesigned versions of the bench to ensure structural integrity and prevent resonance during experimental procedures. The redesigns aim to mitigate the risk of resonance by altering the bench’s structural parameters to shift the natural frequencies away from the range of excitation frequencies. This proactive approach is based on the idea that a big difference between the natural and excitation frequencies lowers the chance of resonance, which makes the results of the experiment more reliable. The enhanced designs were subjected to a series of rigorous simulations to validate their performance, ensuring that they meet the stringent requirements for educational and research applications.
Solving inverse problems in magnetic field leakage sensor array inspection of petroleum tank floor
Authors: Belkhiri Kamel , Bouchala Tarik , Abdou Abdelhak , Abdou Abdelhak , Abdelhadi Bachir , Guettafi Amor , Bihan Yann Le
Published: June 2024

The MFL method is a qualitative inspection tool and is a reliable, fast, and economical nondestructive testing method for tank floors. In this paper, before presenting the defect reconstruction procedure, we studied the effect of defect parameters on the magnetic field leakage measured by a single Hall sensor. As predicted, the study of each parameter has demonstrated that any variation in the geometrical parameters of the studied defect induce a significant influence on the MFL signal amplitude and distribution; for this reason, all the defect parameters must be determined precisely and prudently. After that, we have studied the performance of defect shape reconstruction from MFL array sensor imaging and depth estimation while using an iterative inversion method. Indeed, the first stage consists of determining the defect width and length from magnetic flux leakage mapping reconstructed from the recorded signals of the micro-integrated magnetic sensors. As a second step, after coupling Comsol and Matlab software, the defect depth is obtained by coupling the 3D finite elements method and a fast iterative algorithm recently developed. Consequently, the defect shape and size are obtained after a few iterations with a relative error of less than 2%; which makes this method very appropriate for real-time defect reconstruction and quantification. Furthermore, this method of defect reconstruction and seizing can be extended for irregular shape such as cracks and corrosion. In fact, this can be done while subdividing the affected area of non-constant depth into elementary zones of a constant depths. Then, while modifying the previous algorithm, we determine the corresponding depth of each zone.
Effect of glass fibers on performance of mortar and concrete
Authors: Boukni Bariza , Khouadjia Mohamed Lyes Kamel , Bensalem Sara
Published: June 2024

The recycling of waste and the reinforcement of concretes and mortars, with fibers are a technique that is increasingly being used to improve their mechanical performance, durability, reduce costs and protect the environment. Glass fibre is one of the most interesting types of fibre to use, as its use reduces the environmental impact of glass fibre waste by offering a recycling process and maintaining its valuable strength properties. This paper focused on the effect incorporating glass fibers at different dosages (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1%) on the rheological and mechanical properties of mortar and concrete. A wide range of tests were conducted including flow time, concrete slump, compressive strengths, 3-point bending strengths, tensile strengths and microstructural characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To support the discussion of the results, an analysis of the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image was carried out using Gwyddion software to study the adhesion between the fibers and the matrix and to analysis the heat flow distribution of fibers in the mortar and concrete matrix. The obtained results showed that the content fibers dosages had a significant effect on the rheological , mechanical properties and on the adhesion of fibers to the matrix of the mortar and concrete , with better behavior in the presence of concrete aggregates. The analysis of the SEM image using Gwyddion software shows that good distribution and the good adhesion of glass fibres in the mortar samples . In contrast, the distribution in the concrete is not regular which does not give a good adhesion to the matrix.
Effect of the incorporation of plastic waste on the mechanical properties of composite materials
Authors: Safer Omar , Chaib Ouaddah , Mostefa Adda Hadj , Dahmane Mouloud , Amer Adem Ait Mohamed , Salhi Mohamed , Benadouda Mourad , Latroch Noureddine , Safa Abdelkader
Published: June 2024

Through this scientific research, we have tried to study the effect of the incorporation of plastic waste on the mechanical properties of concrete, in order to obtain good concrete with high resistance at a lower cost. To carry out this work, we adopted the following steps: Knowledge of the properties of concrete, which contains plastic waste of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). Thus, the natural aggregate was replaced by concrete formulated with plastic waste in partial substitution varying between 0%, 10% and 20%. In all the concrete mixtures, the components, water, cement, gravel 3/8 and 8/15 and sand 0/3, remained constant while the HDPE waste varied according to the substitution rate. Through this process, the mechanical properties of concrete in fresh and hardened states were determined. The analysis of the results of the study allowed us to know the incorporation of plastic waste and its effect on the behaviour of the manufactured concrete. The results showed that the density of concrete made from plastic waste is lighter than the reference concrete without waste (C0), which contains only natural aggregates, in a fresh state. In the case of hardening, the results showed a decrease in the compressive strength of composite concrete produced from plastic waste compared to (C0) the reference concrete. In the study's second part, a numerical model for precision and effectiveness is constructed using the finite element (FE) method. Furthermore, manufacturing experiments are scheduled to use computer simulations that account for labour, materials, tests, and time. The nonlinear stress-strain relationship for time-dependent concrete deformations and tension cracks presents a challenge for concrete modelling. ANSYS software is used to use three-dimensional nonlinear finite elements in order to determine this kind of complex mechanical behavior.
Microbacia do Rio Sebastião: geoprocessamento aplicado ao planejamento e gestão ambiental
Authors: Simão Beatriz Aparecida Nunes , Veríssimo Erleide Paula Santos , Veríssimo Erleide Paula Santos , Barros Afonso Henrique Rodrigues de Oliveira , Barros Afonso Henrique Rodrigues de Oliveira , Santos Maria Jhulia Cordeiro , Stachiw Rosalvo , Barboza Everton , Santos Miquele Araújo dos , Maia Emanuel , Rodrigues Antônio Augusto Marques , Cavalheiro Wanderson Cleiton Schmidt , Macedo Rodrigo Santana , Rocha Karen Janones da , Souza Renato Francisco da Silva , Fulan João Ânderson , Vendruscolo Jhony
Published: June 2024

A identificação e o mapeamento das características da paisagem na microbacia são fundamentais para conhecer os potenciais e as limitações dos recursos da natureza e, consequentemente, para subsidiar o planejamento e a gestão destes recursos em prol do desenvolvimento sustentável. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar e mapear as características hidrogeomorfométricas e analisar a dinâmica da cobertura do solo da microbacia do rio Sebastião. Os dados hidrogeomorfométricos foram obtidos por meio de sensoriamento remoto, geoprocessamento e equações, e os dados de cobertura do solo (1985, 1998, 2008 e 2022) foram adquiridos do projeto MapBiomas. A microbacia tem área de  8,20 km2,  perímetro de 14,72 km, forma alongada, altitudes de 268 a 483 m, predominância de relevos ondulados (48,66%), baixa influência na propagação de incêndio em 57,68% da área, 74,88% da área apresenta aptidão à mecanização agrícola, rede de drenagem de 35,89 km, padrão de drenagem dendrítico, hierarquia fluvial de 5ª ordem (rio de porte médio com elevadas condições para habitação de peixes), 106 nascentes, densidade de nascentes muito alta (12,93 nascentes km-2), densidade de drenagem muito alta (4,38 km km-2), baixo coeficiente de manutenção (228,5 m2 m-1), canal principal reto e baixo tempo de concentração (1,04 h). No ano de 1985, a cobertura do solo era composta principalmente por floresta nativa, ocupando 65,86% (5,40 km2) da área da microbacia e 70,71% (1,69 km2) da área da zona ripária, seguida da pastagem (28,66% e 23,85%, respectivamente). No período de 1985 a 2022, a área de pastagem avançou sobre a área de floresta nativa, chegando a ocupar 65,12% da área da microbacia e 59,83% da área da zona ripária no último ano. Também foi observado o aumento da área de espelho d’água no ano de 2022, contudo, pode ser explicado pelo represamento do rio Branco, próximo ao exutório da microbacia, para a instalação da PCH Cachimbo Alto (2017). Conclui-se que a microbacia tem potencial para o desenvolvimento de atividades agropecuárias e florestais, contudo, as características da paisagem, associada a cobertura do solo em 2022, denotam a necessidade de adoção de práticas conservacionistas para mitigar o impacto antrópico nos recursos naturais.
Usucapião extrajudicial: procedimentos e requisitos legais
Authors: Sampaio Ozanir de Sousa , Mendes Catiane Araújo , Silva Ana Carolinna Barros e , Santos Jane Karla de Oliveira , Oliveira Luiz Carlos Carvalho de , Lustosa Thalita Furtado Mascarenhas , Moura Enedina Gizeli Albano , Batista Eulane Coelho
Published: June 2024

Este artigo tem como temática “usucapião extrajudicial: Procedimentos e Requisitos Legais”, com a finalidade de analisar a previsão legal para a regularização de imóveis por meio da Usucapião. A metodologia adotada, a este estudo se configura como uma pesquisa bibliográfica de natureza qualitativa. Sabe-se que a usucapião extrajudicial oferece uma alternativa eficiente para regularizar a propriedade de imóveis, desde que observados todos os requisitos legais e procedimentos exigidos pela legislação. Dessa forma, a usucapião extrajudicial é um tema de grande relevância no campo do direito imobiliário. Essa forma de aquisição de propriedade por meio da posse prolongada e incontestada, reconhecida em cartório, simplifica o processo de regularização de imóveis. Sua importância reside na desburocratização do sistema, contribuindo para a segurança jurídica e para a diminuição do acúmulo de processos nos tribunais, permitindo explorar questões como os benefícios da simplificação do processo, os desafios na sua implementação, a proteção dos direitos dos proprietários legítimos e a eficiência na administração da justiça. Sendo assim, a usucapião extrajudicial é essencial para aprimorar as leis e os procedimentos relacionados a propriedades, promovendo uma abordagem mais ágil e eficaz para a regularização fundiária.  Portanto, é importante frisar que esse estudo é relevante para profissionais do direito, cartórios, e cidadãos que buscam compreender como garantir a segurança de suas propriedades e evitar litígios. Visando isso, a usucapião extrajudicial pode desempenhar um papel crucial na promoção da justiça, na redução da sobrecarga dos tribunais e na facilitação do acesso à propriedade, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento da sociedade e a consolidação do estado de direito, pois ela permite explorar questões como os benefícios da simplificação do processo e a eficiência na administração da justiça.
Gerenciamento dos resíduos hospitalares e a importância para a saúde humana e ambiental
Authors: Oliveira Filho Olavo Bilac Quaresma de , Pereira Junior Ernesto Gomes , Santos Nathália Leão dos , Oliveira Márcia Pantoja de
Published: June 2024

Os resíduos de serviços de saúde necessitam de procedimentos planejados e implementados com bases técnicas e científicas, previstas em normas legais, com a finalidade de diminuir sua produção e propiciar aos resíduos já gerados um fim seguro de modo a garantir proteção à saúde ambiental e humana. A crescente produção de resíduos provenientes das atividades antrópicas tornou-se uma problemática de cunho social, econômico e ambiental. Um dos fatores mais influentes na saúde do planeta é o descarte inadequado desses resíduos, uma vez que o manejo inadequado pode colocar em risco e comprometer os recursos naturais e a qualidade de vida das atuais e futuras gerações. Faz-se necessária uma análise no meio tendo em vista que os resíduos hospitalares são geralmente considerados poluentes, nocivos à saúde humana e agressivos ao meio ambiente. Devido às alterações na legislação sobre o gerenciamento adequado dos resíduos hospitalares, o gerenciamento dos resíduos ganhou qualidade nos últimos anos. Os hospitais são locais importantes para a geração de resíduos perigosos. Cada hospital tem seu próprio perfil de geração e disposição de resíduos, dependendo de sua localização. Portanto, o manejo adequado dos resíduos gerados nos hospitais é imprescindível para a prevenção de possíveis riscos à saúde e ao meio ambiente. Diante disso, o presente artigo tem como objetivo reunir informações a respeito do manejo ideal dos resíduos hospitalares, como a sua classificação, formas de tratamento e disposição final, com base na revisão de trabalhos científicos relativos aos RSS e nas resoluções do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (CONAMA) e da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA).
Grado de marginación de la zona metropolitana de Chihuahua: un comparativo entre el año 2000 y el 2010
Authors: Dávila Rodríguez Guadalupe Antonio , Jiménez Rentería Gaspar Alonso
Published: June 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue realizar un análisis comparativo entre el año 2000 y el 2010 del grado de marginación urbana de la Zona Metropolitana de Chihuahua desde una perspectiva local. Para la estimación del índice de marginación urbana se consideró como fuente de información los censos generales de población y vivienda de 2000 y de 2010, debido a que cuentan con la cobertura, grado de desagregación y actualidad de los datos necesarios para la construcción del índice a escala de Área Geoestadística Básica (AGEB) urbanas. Se decidió homogenizar diez indicadores en las categorías Salud, Educación, Vivienda y Bienes. De las cinco categorías definidas Muy Baja, Baja, Media, Alta y Muy Alta marginación; la que presentó mayor porcentaje fue la de Muy Baja marginación con un 70.75 %, equivalente a 300 AGEB urbanas de las 424 definidas para el año 2000 y del 68.05 %, equivalente a 460 AGEB urbanas de las 676 definidas para el año 2010. El análisis comparativo mostró un comportamiento estable en el grado de marginación del periodo estudiado, también permitió determinar que muy bajo porcentaje de la población reside en AGEB con grandes privaciones en salud, educación, vivienda y bienes.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v10i1.584
The Regulatory Dilemma of the U.S. Government: The Protecting Americans from Applications Controlled by Foreign Adversaries Act and the Limitations to Freedom of Speech
Authors: Yang Huiwen
Published: June 2024

This article examines the legal issues surrounding First Amendment challenges in the Protecting Americans from Applications Controlled by Foreign Adversaries Act. After introducing the background of the bill and an overview of the First Amendment and freedom of speech in America, this article uses case law research methods to explore the unconstitutional determination of the bill and the balancing approach adopted by the court when national security and free speech rights conflict. Finally, this article reaches a conclusion that based on past cases, intermediate scrutiny can only be passed if the federal government can submit sufficient evidence to prove that national security risks actually exist, and demonstrate the bill does not excessively restrict freedom of speech beyond necessary. The United States protects the freedom of speech in the Constitution from arbitrary infringement through the checks and balances between the courts and the legislature, so different levels of scrutiny tests are set up. However, as long as the government can provide sufficient evidence to prove that there is a more compelling government interest, it can pierce the protection of the First Amendment.
Incorporation Control of Standard Terms: The Approaches of Chinese Civil Code
Authors: Chen Zhehan
Published: June 2024

With the advantages of governing an enormous range of transactions and improving the efficiency, standard terms are increasingly being applied to commercial transactions nowadays. The standard terms refer to the non-negotiated terms presented to consumers on a take-it-or-leave-it basis and the incorporation control refers to whether the standard terms can become a part of the contract. In this paper, the author adopts the article analysis method, the comparative study method and the case analysis method to interpret the Chinese latest legislation on the incorporation control of standard terms. According to Article 496(2) of the Civil Code of the Peoples Republic of China, the incorporation control includes following five elements: (1) determining rights and obligations in accordance with the principle of fairness, (2) the providers obligation of calling attention, (3) the providers obligation of giving explanations, (4) the commitment of the counterparty, (5) the legal effect of violating the incorporation control.
Analysis of Article 6 of the ECHR: In Recognition and Enforcement of Civil Judgments among European Countries
Authors: Liu Jia
Published: June 2024

The right to a fair trial under Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights plays a crucial role in procedural protection in the recognition and enforcement of judgments within the European sphere. While the European Court of Human Rights has developed various scrutiny standards for judgments of different statuses by contracting states to safeguard procedural rights under Article 6 of the Convention, there is still a lack of systematic clarification regarding the application sequence of relevant scrutiny rules in the judicial practice of the Court. This paper analyzes the Court's application sequence of rules through the examination of existing case rules and interpretation of recent cases. The study finds that in judicial practice, the Court examines the admissibility criteria based on the standard of "crucial importance of the judgment for the parties"; after meeting the admissibility criteria, the Court applies the "equivalent protection standard" to determine exceptions where contracting states do not require scrutiny; in cases requiring scrutiny, the Court guides its scrutiny scope based on the rules established in the Saccoccia case.
Research on the Judgement Standard of the Duty of Care of Internet Service Providers
Authors: Gao Shuojia
Published: June 2024

The internet service providers tort liability for general fault tort liability, which means that network service providers bear the tort liability need to subjective fault for the elements, then for the network service provider's subjective fault judgement standard objectively to rise to the network service provider's reasonable duty of care judgement standard above the problem. Up to now, about the network service provider's duty of care standard judgement is still no clear provisions, in the legal and judicial fields are more controversial. This paper explores these issues through an analysis of trial practices, seeking to establish a more standardized approach to evaluating ISPs' duty of care. The findings suggest that adopting the "good manager" standard could significantly enhance the clarity and effectiveness of managing ISPs' tort liabilities. It proposes the establishment of a dedicated management association within ISPs to implement and oversee these management policies consistently across the sector. This approach aims to not only define but also enforce a reasonable duty of care standard that is both fair and practicable.
Constructing the Image of a New Leading State: Leveraging Chinese Underwater Archaeological Heritage Development and Protection for Heritage Diplomacy
Authors: He Yutian
Published: June 2024

Heritage diplomacy has gained prominence as a strategy for strengthening diplomatic ties and enhancing national image. This paper examines the intersection of heritage diplomacy and underwater archaeological development, specifically within Chinas involvement. While heritage diplomacy holds the potential for cultural exchange and cooperation in heritage preservation, its political utilization raises ethical concerns. Chinese scholars often overlook the significance of material culture in diplomacy, and cultural heritage experts focus more on preservation principles than international cooperation. This study emphasizes the role of heritage diplomacy in underwater archaeological development and protection. Chinas successful image as an advocate for cultural exchange and pioneer in underwater cultural heritage protection, exemplified through projects in Kenya, offers valuable insights for global governance. This research aims to provide a theoretical framework for future studies, assisting policymakers in effectively utilizing underwater archaeology to construct Chinas national image as a global leader in the new era.
Research on the factors influencing the mental issue of university students
Authors: Jiang Kexin
Published: June 2024

In current years, the mental issues of university students have become progressively thoughtful, attracting widespread attention from society. Therefore, studying the elements that influence the mental issues of university students has become an urgent issue, but few scholars have done this work. Therefore, based on the multiple linear regression model, this article quantitatively studies several factors that affect the mental health status of college students, attempting to make a contribution to explaining the causes of mental issues among university students. The empirical study finds that stress level is currently the main factor affecting the mental health status of college students, and a significant positive correlation between this variable and the incidence of mental health problems has been found in the model. Therefore, schools and society must heed the psychological pressure of students, provide reasonable help and psychological counseling when necessary, and college students should also learn how to eliminate their own psychological pressure to prevent the occurrence of mental health problems caused by excessive pressure.
The research on influence factors related to depression in rural zones
Authors: Sun Jianing
Published: June 2024

Depression is famous for its capacity to make devastating impact on peoples physical and mental well-being and sense of happiness. Many researches have tried to identify different factors that function on different groups of people. In this research, the method Binary Logistic Model is used to deal with the data from a study about the life condition of people in rural zones, and was first published online in 2019 and compiled in 2020, with 1429 individuals as its samples. It is concluded that although depression has no connection with sex, marriage, number of children, members in family, gained asset, durable asset, saved asset, living expenses, other expenses, income from salary, income from farm, income from business, income from non-business, income from agriculture, farm expenses, labor primary, lasting investment, non-lasting investment, it has a relatively strong connection with age and education level. This paper focuses on people in rural zones, and concerns 20 factors that cover many aspects of their lives simultaneously, which hopes to help further study of depression.
Early Exercise of American Options in the Two-Period Binomial Model
Authors: Xu Shengye , Ji Jiaxun
Published: June 2024

This paper is mainly about the research object of early exercise of American options by two-period binomial models. In this work, we use the two-period binomial model to analyze the price of American options and European options, decide whether to exercise early or not, and compare the differences between American options and European options. What is more, we use Python to help us with our calculations. Options are a kind of financial derivatives that help one to arbitrage, speculate, and hedge. To make more profits, people can use the binomial model to calculate the price of options. Through this analysis, we got to know each price of options in different situations, and we know that the price of American options is always equal to or larger than the price of European options. This work can help us to calculate the price of the option and decide if it is exercised early, and make sure to get more profits and apply it to daily life.
Exploring Stylistic Problems Encountered in Translating Qur’anic Aphoristic Expressions in Surahs Al-Baqarah and Al-Imran to English
Authors: Alhaj Ali Albashir Mohammed
Published: June 2024

The stylistic approach in the domain of the Qur’anic research is a relatively forgotten field. To fill this research gap, the current study focuses on the stylistic issues encountered when translating Qur'anic aphoristic expressions into English, as well as gaining a deeper understanding of the styles of rendered versions of these expressions which play a significant role in language as a share of acquiring cultural understanding, figurative meaning, expression power and communicative-pragmatic component. To carry out the study, five verses (ayahs) that include this phenomenon were chosen from Chapter 2 Al-Baqarah (“The Cow”) and Chapter 3 Al Imran (“The Family of Imran”) of the Qur’an. Moreover, a descriptive qualitative method was employed in this study.  The study revealed that there were numerous stylistic problems and meaning losses and gains in the intended translation in the translations of Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din Al-Hilali and Muhammad Muhsin Khan(1996); Muhammad A.S. Abdel Haleem (2004), and Muhammad Marmaduke Pickthall (1930). The study also found that the translators utilized several different translation strategies such as faithful renditions, free translation, addition, dynamic equivalence, and formal equivalence. Finally, this study offers a more useful definition of aphorism in the translation of the Holy Qur’an.
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar siswa dalam memahami Materi Penjumlahan dan Pengurangan Bersusun (Studi pada Peserta didik Kelas II Sekolah Dasar)
Authors: Wahyuni Nitatri , Suyoto Suyoto
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendokumentasikan kesulitan yang dihadapi peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan soal penjumlahan dan pengurangan bilangan bersusun. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif, dengan melibatkan 16 peserta didik kelas II semester ganjil di SDN Gajahmungkur 04 sebagai subjek penelitian. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan beragam kesulitan yang dihadapi peserta didik, termasuk kesulitan dalam menjalankan operasi penjumlahan dan pengurangan yang melibatkan bilangan nol, kurangnya penguasaan terhadap prosedur penjumlahan dan pengurangan, kesulitan dalam merubah soal cerita ke dalam bentuk matematika, kurangnya ketelitian dalam membaca soal, serta belum sepenuhnya menguasai operasi hitung penjumlahan dan pengurangan. Sebagai solusi, penelitian menyarankan perlunya penerapan pendekatan pembelajaran matematika yang memperhatikan prinsip-prinsip dan konsep dasar pembelajaran matematika, seiring dengan memperhatikan tingkat penguasaan materi oleh peserta didik. Dengan demikian, diharapkan kesulitan yang dihadapi peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan soal penjumlahan dan pengurangan bilangan bersusun dapat diatasi dengan lebih efektif.
Assessment of Workplace Difficulties Faced by Nurses Working in Public Sector Hospitals of Lahore
Authors: Aslam Naveeda , Mukhtar Madiha , Masih Sarfaraz
Published: June 2024

Nursing is recognized as a stressful profession, with adverse effects on both personal health and professional performance. However, there is a scarcity of data on stress prevalence among nurses in developing countries like Pakistan. Objective: To assess stress prevalence and contributing factors among nurses in government hospitals, informing interventions to improve their work environment and well-being. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional survey collected data from Mayo Hospital, Lady Atchison Hospital, and Said Mitha Hospital in Lahore. A structured questionnaire assessed demographic information and perceptions across four domains: Occupational Stress, Job Satisfaction, Workplace Violence, and Workplace Harassment. Likert scale items were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, with logistic regression examining factors associated with job satisfaction. Results: Findings reveal significant concerns regarding occupational stress, job satisfaction, workplace violence, and harassment among nurses. While nurses express satisfaction with certain aspects of their job, including opportunities to utilize their abilities and relations between management and staff, concerns arise regarding workload, recognition, pay rates, and workplace violence and harassment. Logistic regression analysis indicates that age, educational qualifications, marital status, experience duration, and department insignificantly influence job satisfaction among nurses in public sector hospitals. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the urgent need to address the challenges faced by nurses to enhance their well-being and maintain a positive work environment conducive to high-quality patient care.
The Future is Now: AI Market Insights and Impacts on Business Strategy and Risk
Authors: Sydoriuk Yaroslav , Leshchii Lesya
Published: June 2024

The article examines AI's influence on industries worldwide, with growth projections and transformative potential in business operations and societal norms. The rising interest in AI is driven by advancements in technology and investments from major corporations. However, in connection with the use of this technology, there are also risks associated with both the safety and the cost of using AI, as well as with other aspects of its use. Therefore, the study of the AI ​​market and its impact on business strategy and risks is extremely important and relevant topic at this stage of its development and implementation and will remain important for a long time to come. The article emphasizes the strategic and competitive advantages of AI, including sales, management Strategic advantages and competitive benefits of AI are discussed, including sales, innovation management, and decision-making processes, leading to enhanced efficiency, creativity, and revenue growth. Moreover, challenges and risks associated with AI integration, such as data limitations, cost assessment, skill gaps, complexity of AI tools, data privacy concerns, technology risks, and human-AI interaction challenges, are also addressed. The purpose of the article was to study the advantages and disadvantages of AI for business, as well as to assess the possibilities, cost ratio and effectiveness of solutions generated by AI for the development of a business strategy. For this, general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, and illustrative methods were used. In addition to the problems of the high cost of AI, the article examines other obstacles to this technology - difficulties in adapting personnel - training, qualifications, psychological barriers, as well as moral and ethical principles of using AI. The results of the study show that these obstacles can be significant and depend on the specifics of the business, however, the advantages of using AI still outweigh the disadvantages in most cases, so it is necessary to find solutions for each specific case. The authors of the article emphasize the priority of human contribution to development and the impossibility of presenting the results of the use of AI as one's own, which unfortunately happens in the modern environment. The paper concludes by highlighting the importance of a strategic approach to AI adoption, emphasizing ethical considerations, staff training, robust data management practices, and technological vigilance to mitigate risks and fully exploit the potential of AI for sustainable business growth in an evolving digital environment. The type of article is theoretical.
Problematizing the Relationship between Rural Small Schools and Communities: Implications for Youth Lives
Authors: Cuervo Hernán
Published: June 2024

Small schools are often the hub of many rural communities. In the school space, a multiplicity of social, economic and political relationships are sustained, which enhance the vitality of the community. As such, the relationship between small schools and communities is often presented as a powerful one; however, too often as a harmonious, natural and simple construction. This paper article argues that when education, youth and communities are defined through apparently simple, universal, natural and neutral conceptualizations, these are commonly based on prescribed norms that reflect the dominant values of an hegemonic majority. These homogeneous and universal conceptualizations of education, youth and community serve to legitimize processes of inequality and marginalization, and to undermine the goals these aim to contribute to. This article draws from disciplines such sociology of youth, education, rural studies and political theory to problematize the relationship between small schools and communities in rural spaces by analyzing the intersection of education and youth policies, as constructed by neoliberal policies, and the idea of community as presented by communitarians. It argues for the need to rethink the relationship between small schools and communities towards a more plural and socially just one that overcomes processes of exclusion and marginalization.
StyleSphere: Conversational Fashion Outfit Generator powered by Generative AI
Authors:   Department of Computer Engineering, PES Modern College of Engineering, Akulwa Sujit
Published: June 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained traction in the fashion domain, particularly with Generative AI technologies. Our study presents a unique text-to-image generator tailored for fashion, leveraging Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), notably the StackGAN variant. This model translates textual fashion descriptions into visually appealing images, offering a stream-lined approach to design conception. Validation demonstrates its ability to produce photo-realistic fashion visuals, bridging the gap between concept and visualization. Our research con-tributes to advancing AI-driven solutions in fashion, facilitating streamlined design workflows and encouraging creativity. This integration of AI with fashion design practices has the potential to revolutionize the industry, offering new avenues for creative expression and addressing contemporary design challenges. Keywords Fashion Design, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), StackGAN, Image Synthesis
From Offer to Breach: The Empirical Study on Quid Pro Quo Cyber Attack
Authors:   Msc Criminology and Forensic Science,  Dr.MGR Educational and Research Institute
Published: June 2024

Quid pro quo attacks are a sophisticated form of insider threat where malicious individuals exploit the human element within an organization to gain sensitive information or unauthorized access. Unlike traditional cyberattacks that focus on technical system flaws, these attacks rely on social engineering techniques to deceive people. Attackers often use ransomware, encrypting a victim's data and demanding payment, typically in cryptocurrency, for the decryption key. The term "quid pro quo" highlights the exchange involved, indicating that the attacker seeks something in return for stopping their harmful actions. To effectively understand and defend against quid pro quo attacks, a comprehensive approach is necessary. The primary goal of this research is to examine how these attacks operate and to propose effective solutions and preventive measures. This will be achieved by studying incidents involving affected victims. The research aims to identify the specific methods used in these attacks, analyze the vulnerabilities that allow them to succeed, and offer practical recommendations for improving cybersecurity defenses. By learning from the experiences of past victims, this research seeks to provide valuable insights that can be used to develop proactive strategies and security protocols to prevent or mitigate the impact of quid pro quo attacks in the future.
Neural network approach to predict the association between blood cadmium levels and hypertension
Authors: Kim Kisok , Park Hyejin
Published: June 2024

Hypertension is a global health concern and a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Early prevention and management based on risk prediction is a principal goal of many national health policies. We studied the relationship between blood cadmium concentrations and hypertension and developed an artificial neural network (ANN) that predicts hypertension risk. For this study, we utilized data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), conducted between 2008 and 2013, which is a nationwide population-based survey of the Korean population. We extracted and analyzed sociodemographic characteristics, serum cadmium levels, and blood pressure information from a sample of adults aged 19 years and above (n=11,530). After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, cadmium levels were positively associated with the risk of hypertension (p < 0.001). Groups with high cadmium levels significantly increased the odds ratios for hypertension compared to the lowest tertile. An ANN model in which sociodemographic factors and the blood concentration of cadmium were the principal inputs yielded a predictive accuracy of 0.773 and an area under the curve of 0.823. ANNs with appropriate inputs can identify population subgroups at high risk of developing hypertension and will aid in the formulation of policies that prevent disease.
Impact of customer calls consistency on sales with correlation between sales and its affecting variables
Authors: Manik Mehedi Hasan
Published: June 2024

ACI Pharma, the pharmaceutical wing of Advanced Chemical Industries (ACI) Limited, has faced a sales falling issue despite the remarkable promotional costs. The investigation has been done to find the association between the sales-affecting variables and sales. The required data have been collected from ACI Pharma. The proposed study uses sales and five influential variables, such as promotional cost, product knowledge, target customer coverage, random customer coverage, and call consistency, to investigate the expected association. Variables have considered the average performance of 634 salespeople from July to September 2023. Salesmen in the 80-100 cluster show more productivity and obedience than others. Product knowledge and promotional cost exhibit positive correlations with sales, but customer coverage numbers, either target or random, present a negative correlation with sales. The study only shows the direction of the relation between two variables rather than the mathematical impact of variables on sales. Future studies are required based on regression analysis for statistical inference of sales-affecting variables on sales. ACI Pharma is using the research output and benefiting. Other selling-based organizations suffering from similar problems may be beneficiaries of this study. The most significant value of the study is finding the role of call consistency in the sales performance of the sales reps.