bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Nonlinear Vibrations and Dynamic Responses in a Trapezoidal Cantilever Plate Using the Rayleigh‐Ritz Approach Combined with the Affine Transformation
Authors: Tian Wei , Yang Zhichun , Zhao Tian
Published: July 2019

Nonlinear vibrations of a trapezoidal cantilever plate subjected to transverse external excitation are investigated. Based on von Karman large deformation theory, the Rayleigh‐Ritz approach combined with the affine transformation is developed to obtain the nonlinear ordinary differential equation of a trapezoidal plate with irregular geometries. With the variation of geometrical parameters, there exists the 1:3 internal resonance for the trapezoidal plate. The amplitude‐frequency formulations of the system in three different coupled conditions are derived by using multiple scales method for 1:3 internal resonance analysis. It is found that the strong coupling of two modes can change nonlinear stiffness behaviors of modes from hardening‐spring to soft‐spring characteristics. The detuning parameter and excitation amplitude have significant influence on nonlinear dynamic responses of the system. The bifurcation diagrams show that there exist the periodic, quasi‐periodic, and chaotic motions for the trapezoidal cantilever plate in the 1:3 internal resonance cases and the nonlinear dynamic responses are dependent on the amplitude of excitation. The possible adverse dynamic behaviors and undesired resonance can be avoided by designing appropriate excitation and system parameters.
Obstetric Correlates of Maternal Falls in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Awoleke Jacob Olumuyiwa , Olofinbiyi Babatunde Ajayi , Awoleke Adeola Olabisi , Omoyajowo Adefunke Christianah
Published: July 2019

Falls during pregnancy can be associated with serious obstetric complications. Apart from sparse data highlighting traumatic outcomes, there are no studies identifying the obstetric correlates of maternal falls in Nigeria. A cross-sectional cohort survey of 1,175 women in five public health facilities in Ado–Ekiti was conducted to address this need. Fall rate was 25%; mothers who fell during pregnancy were significantly older, of higher parity, and with unintended/unwanted pregnancies than those who did not fall. Most of the reported falls occurred in the third trimester, with about 10% of the women falling at least thrice during the course of the pregnancy. More than half of the reported falls occurred while engaging in household chores and carrying child/object with compromised visibility of the feet and floor. Uterine contractions/abdominal pain was the commonest; 29 (76.3%), obstetric event attributed to the falls. Antepartum haemorrhage, 4 (10.5%), and ruptured membranes, 2 (5.3%), also occurred after falls, although it was rare and occurred with the same frequency as in the general population. Maternal age ≥ 30 years (odds ratio: 1.36; 95% C.I. 1.03 – 1.80, p = 0.031), multiparity (odds ratio: 1.54; 95% C.I. 1.15 – 2.07, p = 0.004), unintended pregnancy (odds ratio: 1.48; 95% C.I. 1.02 – 2.15, p = 0.037), and delivery age ≤ 40 weeks (odds ratio: 1.71; 95% C.I. 1.07 – 2.75, p = 0.026) were found to be independent risk factors for falls during pregnancy. Fall awareness campaigns and fall-preventing safety tips are advocated in women’s clinics. Improving contraceptive uptake will reduce unintended pregnancies and the risk of pregnancy-related fall/injuries.
DEATH DUE TO CARDIAC ANGIOSARCOMA: AUTOPSY CASE REPORT
Authors: Eren F. , Inanır N. T. , Gurses M. S. , Eren B. , Gundogmus U. N. , Ioan B.
Published: July 2019

Background. Primary tumors of the heart are rarely detected at autopsy, especially angiosarcomas which are primary malignant one. Objective. We presented autopsy case of cardic angiosarcoma with morphologic findings. Methods. We described adult man died in emergency service of the hospital. Results. Reported case was 33 year-old-man who was died in emergency service of hospital where he was taken when he was ill after leaving home. According the prosecution documents, and the expressions of family, it was reported that he had a heart disease; his symptoms repeated 3 day ago before he died, he thought to attend the Cardiology Clinic due to his symptoms. At autopsy on macroscopic internal examination, mass with rough surface in the right atrium, hematoma at the posterior of the right atrium, blood in the pericardia, nodular lesions in hemorrhagic appearance in the sections of lung, liver and spleen were detected. In histopathologic examination; in the heart angiosarcioma as primary malign heart tumor and metastatic masses in the liver, spleen and lung were detected. Conclusions. We aimed to discuss cardiac angiosarcoma case with autopsy and histopathologic findings in the aspect of medico legal literature.
PROBING BREAST CANCER THERAPEUTIC RESPONSES BY DNA CONTENT PROFILING
Authors: Gerashchenko B. I. , Salmina K. , Eglitis J. , Erenpreisa J.
Published: July 2019

Background. Discrepancies in the interpretation of breast cancer therapeutic responses still exist mainly because of lack of standardized assessment criteria and methods. Objective. DNA content profiling of cells in the affected (cancerous) tissue before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) was applied to facilitate interpretation of therapeutic responses. Methods. Both diagnostic biopsy and operation materials representing the tissue of primary tumors surgically removed after NAC were subjected to DNA image cytometry. Polyploidy and aneuploidy in DNA histograms were evaluated with a prognostic Auer typing. Stemline DNA index (DI) values and percentages of cells that polyploidize (>4.5C) were also determined. Immunofluorescence staining was applied to evaluate proliferation (Ki-67), invasiveness (CD44), and self-renewal factors characteristic for stem cells (SOX2 and NANOG). Results. DNA content profiles of 12 breast cancer cases, of which 7 were triple-negative, revealed the features of tumor non-responsiveness to NAC in 7 cases, of which 5 were triple-negative. Among non-responsive cases there were 3 cases that showed enhanced polyploidization, suggesting the negative NAC effect. Near-triploid (DI=1.26-1.74) triple-negative cases were determined as most resistant to NAC. Cycling near-triploid cells may contribute to the excessive numbers of >4.5C cells. Polyploid cells were positive for Ki-67, CD44, SOX2, and NANOG. Conclusions. DNA content profiling data provide additional helpful information for interpreting therapeutic responses in NAC-treated breast cancers. Polyploid tumor cells possessing stem cell features can be induced by NAC. Because NAC effects in some cases may be unfavorable, the use of the further treatment strategy should be carefully considered.
ANTHROPOMETRY OF THE EXTERNAL EAR AMONG ADULT IJAWS IN BAYELSA STATE OF NIGERIA
Authors: Edibamode E. I. , Mordi K. , David L. K. , Eghoi A. M.
Published: July 2019

Background. External ear measurement is of utmost importance in reconstructive surgeries. Objectives. The present study is aimed at ascertaining sexual dimorphism in external ear anthropometry and ear lobe attachments among adults Ijaws in Bayelsa, Nigeria. Methods. A total of 112 adults within the age range of 18-50 yrs, who met the inclusion criteria, were involved in the study. Four linear dimensions of the ear, which are ear length (EL), ear width (EW), lobular length (LL) and lobular width (LW), were measured for both genders. The lobular attachment for both ears for males and females were also examined and results recorded. These data were subjected to Student t-test, Chi-square test, and Pearson’s correlation using SPSS version 20.0. Results. The mean values for EL, EW, LL, and LW for the left auricle in the males and females were 58.14±0.60, 27.41±0.37, 14.47±0.27, 13.50±0.34 and 57.90±0.16, 27.45±0.65, 15.41±0.31, 13.43±0.38 respectively. However, for the right auricle in the males and females, the values were 58.40±0.45, 28.21±0.68, 14.32±0.31, 13.04±0.32, and 56.66±1.10, 27.51±0.65, 15.58±0.29, 13.28±0.34 respectively. The left and right lobular length were the only parameters that proved statistical significance (p<0.05) in females compare to males. Pearson’s correlations between right and left sides for each of the parameters were positive and significant. Chi-square analysis revealed no significant relationship (p>0.05) between earlobe attachments and gender. Conclusions. Sexual dimorphism was thus established in the Ijaw population as regards lobular length dimensions. It is believed that the results of this study would be very useful for ear morphology and reconstructive surgeries.
Interpretação automática ou tradução automática de fala: conceitos, definições e arquitetura de software
Authors: Freitas Flávio , Esqueda Marileide
Published: July 2019

A interpretação automática (IA), ou tradução automática de fala, é uma tecnologia que traduz discurso oral de uma língua para outra através de três funcionalidades acopladas em um único sistema computacional: reconhecimento automático de fala, tradução automática e síntese de fala. Apresentado pela primeira vez em 1983, durante a convenção ITU Telecom, em Genebra, o conceito de IA veicula a ideia de sistemas capazes de promover a comunicação entre pessoas que falam línguas diferentes de forma espontânea e eficaz (Lee 2015). A IA e seus sistemas, todavia, ainda são escassamente estudados, especialmente na área de Estudos de Interpretação, sendo difundidos, em sua maioria, na área de Ciências da Computação (Pöchhacker 2004). Desse modo, o objetivo geral deste trabalho é apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa bibliográfico-documental, que teve como proposta investigar como a IA é concebida pelos teóricos que a estudam.
Apresentações do Peugeot 2008 na França, em Portugal e no Brasil: tradução e adaptação
Authors: Brunelière Jean-François
Published: July 2019

: As empresas multinacionais, cujos produtos e identidade perpassam as fronteiras entre mercados, representam objetos de estudo instigantes para os Estudos da Tradução. Ao lançar um produto em um novo mercado, parte da “nova” campanha de comunicação pode ser “inspirada” por campanhas existentes em outros. Na ocasião do lançamento no Brasil de um veículo “global”, produzido por um fabricante automotivo de origem francesa, Peugeot, observamos em que medida textos já existentes na Europa são reaproveitados. Uma metodologia oriunda dos Estudos Descritivos da Tradução permite relacionar as apresentações do produto nos websites comerciais da empresa em três mercados: França, Portugal e Brasil. Constatamos uma evidente relação de tradução entre os websites francês e português, com predomínio do procedimento de tradução literal. No website brasileiro, por sua vez, predominam adaptações (tradução livre). Já que tal diferença não se justifica por fatores linguísticos apenas, procuramos identificar outros parâmetros que possam esclarecer a dinâmica de elaboração do texto brasileiro.
Validação de termos de domínio por meio de uma base lexical-semântica difusa
Authors: Rodrigues Afonso
Published: July 2019

A extração ou reconhecimento de termos pesquisa um corpus para prover uma lista de termos específicos de domínio a fim de ser usada em trabalhos mais avançados tais como a construção de terminologias e ontologias. Tanto medidas estatísticas quanto técnicas do Processamento da Linguagem Natural (PLN) têm sido investigadas para melhorar o desempenho na precisão das listas recuperadas. Não obstante, para manter a abrangência alta, as listas contêm falsos positivos. Para validar os candidatos como verdadeiros positivos, os termos têm de ser avaliados quer manualmente, quer automaticamente, por contraste com recursos externos, nomeadamente glossários específicos. Apresentamos uma série de experiências que mostram como uma base de conhecimento lexical pode melhorar o desempenho destes glossários de modo significativo. Partimos de uma lista de 50 candidatos a termos de domínio com precisão de 52%. Por meio da uma base lexical difusa, em que as palavras são agrupadas com um valor de associação semântica, achamos valores de corte para atingir percentagens de 100% tanto na precisão quanto na abrangência sobre a lista de partida, mantendo o valor da medida-F > 80%, com melhor resultado em 90%. Concluímos que, considerando que é necessário mais trabalho na pesquisa de limites e diferentes cenários, uma base lexical difusa pode melhorar o estado da arte das abordagens convencionais da extração automática de termos.
An annotated checklist of the vascular flora of Majella National Park (Central Italy)
Authors: CONTI FABIO , CIASCHETTI GIAMPIERO , DI MARTINO LUCIANO , BARTOLUCCI FABRIZIO
Published: July 2019

The Majella National Park is located in Abruzzo region (Central Italy) and covers an area of 740 Km2. An updated checklist of the vascular plants growing in the park is here presented on the basis of extensive field surveys carried out from 1982 to 2018, analysis of relevant literature and review of herbarium specimens kept in APP, FI, NAP, RO, and Herb. Magellense. The park’s flora amounts to 2,286 specific and subspecific taxa (including 11 hybrids), belonging to 118 families and 694 genera. According to our results, 201 taxa are endemic to Italy; 136 taxa are reported for the first time in the park, of which two taxa are new for Abruzzo region; 73 taxa have not been confirmed in recent times and 42 are doubtfully occurring taxa. The Park represents the southern or northern border of their Italian distribution of 137 taxa. Moreover, Poa ligulata is confirmed for the flora of Italy. The non-native flora amounts to 110 taxa. The number of taxa recorded in the Majella National Park is one of the highest in a protected area within the Mediterranean Basin.
A taxonomic reappraisal of the Smooth Slug Snake Asthenodipsas laevis (Boie, 1827) (Squamata: Pareidae) in Borneo with the description of two new species
Authors: QUAH EVAN S.H. , GRISMER L. LEE , LIM KELVIN K.P. , ANUAR M.S. SHAHRUL , IMBUN AUL Y.
Published: July 2019

A review of the taxonomic status of the Smooth Slug Snake (Asthenodipsas laevis) in Borneo resulted in the discovery of two previously unrecognised species from the highlands of Sabah, East Malaysia. Asthenodipsas jamilinaisi sp. nov. and A. stuebingi sp. nov. are presumed to be closely related to A. laevis based on similarities in pholidosis and patterning but can be separated from A. laevis by their dorsal scale rows of 15/15/15 vs 15/15/13 and the presence of a sharp vertebral keel. Asthenodipsas jamilinaisi sp. nov. can be further differentiated from A. stuebingi sp. nov. by the greatly enlarged size of the vertebral scales, higher number of ventrals in males (173–175 vs 165), higher number of subcaudals (53 vs 35–47) and colour pattern (dark overall with indistinct bands vs lighter head and body with clear, distinct bands and a dark neck patch). The discovery highlights the need for more careful examination of much of the herpetofauna of Borneo that still remains underestimated and understudied. There is an urgent need for continued surveys into its diversity and the collection of genetic material for integrated taxonomic revisions.
A new species of tree snake (Dipsadoboa, Serpentes: Colubridae) from ‘sky island’ forests in northern Mozambique, with notes on other members of the Dipsadoboa werneri group
Authors: BRANCH WILLIAM R. , BAYLISS JULIAN , BITTENCOURT-SILVA GABRIELA B. , CONRADIE WERNER , ENGELBRECHT HANLIE M. , LOADER SIMON P. , MENEGON MICHELE , NANVONAMUQUITXO CRISTÓVÃO , TOLLEY KRYSTAL A.
Published: July 2019

A new species of tree snake Dipsadoboa montisilva Branch, Conradie & Tolley sp. nov. (Serpentes: Colubridae) is described from the ‘sky islands’ of Mount Mabu and Mount Ribáuè in northern Mozambique. Features of scalation, colour, body form and habitat distinguish the new species from other Dipsadoboa. This is supported by a phylogenetic analysis using one mitochondrial marker (cytochrome b) that shows the new Mozambican species is divergent from other sampled Dipsadoboa, including D. flavida and D. aulica, the only congeners known to occur in Mozambique. Morphologically, the new Dipsadoboa forms part of the D. werneri-shrevei complex from east and southeast Africa, but differs in having higher subcaudal counts, a different temporal pattern and only two supralabials entering the orbit. Phylogenetically, it occurs in a clade with D. shrevei and D. werneri. The status of D. shrevei in East Africa is reassessed, particularly in terms of the poorly-known Dipsadoboa shrevei kageleri from northern Tanzania. It is morphologically well defined from D. shrevei shrevei and utilises a different habitat. Although based on limited genetic data, it appears to be well-defined from typical D. shrevei and is accordingly raised to specific status. The only Tanzanian record for typical D. shrevei from Mtene, Rondo Plateau in southeast Tanzania is well isolated from the species’ range to the west (e.g. Zambia, Angola) and the published scalation features, particularly ventral counts, do not fully accord with D. shrevei. The Rondo Plateau population is treated as Dipsadoboa incerta sedis, and because we return D. shrevei to its binomial status, we can no longer consider D. shrevei as occurring in Tanzania. Biogeographically, the Rondo Plateau population may have a stronger affinity to the new Mozambican species. The discovery of isolated populations of the new species in mid-altitude forest remnants on Mt Mabu and Mt Ribáuè emphasizes the high conservation importance of the Mozambique forest ‘sky islands’ from which numerous other endemic new species have been recently discovered. These species are impacted by ongoing habitat destruction through slash and burn clearing for subsistence agriculture.
Novel and emerging therapies for B cell lymphoma
Authors: Ayyappan Sabarish , Maddocks Kami
Published: July 2019

Lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders, with unique clinical and biological characteristics that exhibit variable response to therapy. Advances in chemo-immunotherapy have improved outcomes in a number of lymphoma subtypes; however, the prognosis for many patients with relapsed and refractory disease remains poor. Novel therapies including several small molecule inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T cells have been approved for the treatment of different lymphoma subtypes at relapse, changing the therapy landscape and further improving survival in many of these diseases. This has led to a focus on the development of new cellular therapy, antibody-based therapy, and small molecule inhibitors for relapsed and refractory disease that offer an alternative approach to cytotoxic chemotherapy. We will review these promising novel therapies and discuss their safety and efficacy in first in human studies.
Ethical Framework for Including Research Biopsies in Oncology Clinical Trials: American Society of Clinical Oncology Research Statement
Authors: Levit Laura A. , Peppercorn Jeffrey M. , Tam Alda L. , Marron Jonathan M. , Mathews Debra J.H. , Levit Kathryn , Roach Nancy , Ratain Mark J.
Published: July 2019

In contrast to clinical biopsies, where tissue is collected to inform patient care, research biopsies are performed for scientific purposes to potentially enhance understanding of the biologic bases of cancer and drug action, thereby improving diagnosis and treatment, but they may offer no direct benefit to participants and have known risks. The widespread use of research biopsies that do not have the potential to directly benefit participants has come under scrutiny, with critics raising ethical concerns related to the adequacy of participant protections, informed consent, and participant understanding of the risks and benefits, as well as the scientific impact of research biopsies on drug development and treatment. This manuscript presents the American Society of Clinical Oncology’s (ASCO’s) ethical framework for incorporation of research biopsies in trials. The framework provides guidance on the circumstances to include optional and mandatory biopsies, as well as provides recommendations to stakeholders on necessary steps for improving the conduct of research biopsies overall.
Color in a Material World: Margaret Cavendish against the Early Modern Mechanists
Authors: Chamberlain Colin
Published: July 2019

Consider the distinctive qualitative property grass visually appears to have when it visually appears to be green. This property is an example of what I call sensuous color. Whereas early modern mechanists typically argue that bodies are not sensuously colored, Margaret Cavendish (1623–73) disagrees. In cases of veridical perception, she holds that grass is green in precisely the way it visually appears to be. In defense of her realist approach to sensuous colors, Cavendish argues that (i) it is impossible to conceive of colorless bodies, (ii) the very possibility of color experience requires that bodies are sensuously colored, and (iii) the attribution of sensuous colors to bodies provides the best explanation of color constancy. Although some passages might suggest that Cavendish endorses a reductive account of sensuous color, according to which sensuous color reduces to a body's microscopic surface texture (or some other mechanistically respectable property), I argue that she accepts a nonreductive account, on which sensuous color is not thus reducible.
Genome-wide analysis of androgen receptor binding and transcriptomic analysis in mesenchymal subsets during prostate development
Authors: Nash Claire , Boufaied Nadia , Badescu Dunarel , Wang Yu Chang , Paliouras Miltiadis , Trifiro Mark , Ragoussis Ioannis , Thomson Axel A.
Published: July 2019

Prostate development is controlled by androgens, the androgen receptor (AR) and mesenchymal–epithelial signalling. We used chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) to define AR genomic binding in the male and female mesenchyme. Tissue- and single-cell-based transcriptional profiling was used to define mesenchymal AR target genes. We observed significant AR genomic binding in females and a strong enrichment at proximal promoters in both sexes. In males, there was greater AR binding to introns and intergenic regions as well as to classical AR binding motifs. In females, there was increased proximal promoter binding and involvement of cofactors. Comparison of AR-bound genes with transcriptomic data enabled the identification of novel sexually dimorphic AR target genes. We validated the dimorphic expression of AR target genes using published datasets and confirmed regulation by androgens using ex vivo organ cultures. AR targets showed variable expression in patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome. We examined AR function at single-cell resolution using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) in male and female mesenchyme. Surprisingly, both AR and target genes were distributed throughout cell subsets, with few positive cells within each subset. AR binding was weakly correlated with target gene expression.
Rice plants reduce methane emissions in high-emitting paddies
Authors: Oda Masato , Chiem Nguyen Huu
Published: July 2019

Background: Rice is understood to enhance methane emissions from paddy fields in IPCC guidelines. However, rice actually has two opposite functions related to methane: i) emission enhancement, such as by providing emission pathways (aerenchyma) and methanogenetic substrates; and ii) emission suppression by providing oxygen pathways, which suppress methanogenesis or enhance methane oxidation. The overall role of rice is thus determined by the balance between its enhancing and suppressing functions. Although previous studies have suggested that rice enhances total methane emissions, we aimed to demonstrate in high-emitting paddy fields that the overall methane emission is decreased by rice plants.

Methods: We compared methane emissions with and without rice plants in triple cropping rice paddy fields in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The gas samples are collected using chamber method and ware analyzed by gas chromatography.

Results: We found that rice, in fact, suppressed overall methane emissions in high-emitting paddies. The emission reductions increased with the growth of rice to the maximum tillering stage, then decreased after the heading stage, and finally recovered. 

Discussion:  Our result indicates that the overall methane emission is larger than that of rice planted area. In addition, although many studies in standard-emitting paddies have found that the contribution of soil organic matter to methanogenesis is small, prior studies in high-emitting paddies suggest that methanogenesis depended mainly on soil organic matter accumulated from past crops. The higher the methane emission level, the lower the contribution of the rice-derived substrate; conversely, the higher the contribution of the rice providing oxygen. Finally, rice plants reduce methane emissions in high-emitting paddies.

Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that during the growing season, rice is suppressing methane emissions in high-emitting paddies. This means the significance of using the rice variety which has high suppressing performance in high-emitting paddies.
Developmental synapse remodeling in the cerebellum and visual thalamus
Authors: Kano Masanobu , Watanabe Takaki
Published: July 2019

Functional neural circuits of mature animals are shaped during postnatal development by eliminating early-formed redundant synapses and strengthening of necessary connections. In the nervous system of newborn animals, redundant synapses are only transient features of the circuit. During subsequent postnatal development, some synapses are strengthened whereas other redundant connections are weakened and eventually eliminated. In this review, we introduce recent studies on the mechanisms of developmental remodeling of climbing fiber–to–Purkinje cell synapses in the cerebellum and synapses from the retina to neurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the visual thalamus (retinogeniculate synapses). These are the two representative models of developmental synapse remodeling in the brain and they share basic principles, including dependency on neural activity. However, recent studies have disclosed that, in several respects, the two models use different molecules and strategies to establish mature synaptic connectivity. We describe similarities and differences between the two models and discuss remaining issues to be tackled in the future in order to understand the general schemes of developmental synapse remodeling.
Evaluation of EPAS1 variants for association with bovine congestive heart failure
Authors: Heaton Michael P. , Bassett Adam S. , Whitman Katherine J. , Krafsur Greta M. , Lee Sang In , Carlson Jaden M. , Clark Halden J. , Smith Helen R. , Pelster Madeline C. , Basnayake Veronica , Grotelueschen Dale M. , Vander Ley Brian L.
Published: July 2019

Background:  Bovine congestive heart failure (BCHF) has become increasingly prevalent in feedlot cattle in the Western Great Plains of North America. BCHF is an untreatable complex condition involving pulmonary hypertension that culminates in right ventricular failure and death. A protein variant of hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha (HIF2α, encoded by the endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 gene, EPAS1) was previously reported to be associated with pulmonary hypertension at altitudes exceeding 2,000 m. Our aim was to evaluate EPAS1 haplotypes for association with BCHF in feedlot cattle raised at moderate altitudes (1,200 m).

Methods: Paired samples of clinical cases and unaffected controls were collected at four feedlots in Nebraska and Wyoming. Each pair (n =102) was matched for source, pen, breed type, sex, arrival date, and management conditions. Cases were identified by animal caretakers, euthanized, and diagnosis was confirmed at necropsy. Cases were derived from 30 different ranch operations, with the largest source contributing 32. Animals were tested for eight EPAS1 haplotypes encoding 36 possible different diploid combinations.

Results: The common, ancestral EPAS1 haplotype encoding HIF2α with alanine (A) at position 606 and glycine (G) at position 610 was equally frequent in cases and controls (0.67). The EPAS1 variant haplotype reported to be associated with disease (encoding threonine (T) at position 606 and serine (S) at position 610) was not enriched in cases compared with controls (0.21 and 0.25, respectively). Frequencies of other EPAS1 haplotypes (e.g., encoding Q270, L362, or G671) were each less than 0.05 overall. McNemar’s test with 45 discordant pairs showed the linked T606/S610 variant was not associated with BCHF (OR = 0.73, CI95 0.38 -1.4, p-value = 0.37).

Conclusions: HIF2α polypeptide variants were not significantly associated with BCHF in feedlot cattle at moderate altitudes. Thus, a wider search is needed to identify genetic risk factors underlying this disease.
Access to family planning for youth: perspectives of young family planning leaders from 40 countries
Authors: Cartwright Alice F. , Otai Jane , Maytan-Joneydi Amelia , McGuire Courtney , Sullivan Emily , Olumide Adesola , Baye Easton Catherine , Speizer Ilene S.
Published: July 2019

Background: With growing populations of young people, low and middle-income countries have renewed focus on reaching both unmarried and married youth with family planning (FP) services. Young people themselves bring an important perspective to guide future programmatic directions.

Methods: In October 2018, 207 youth leaders in FP from around the world completed an online survey prior to their participation at the International Conference on Family Planning (ICFP). These youth leaders provided their perspectives on the most important influencers for youth FP use, how easy or hard it is for youth to obtain FP, preferred sources of FP methods for youth, and perceptions of commonly used terms in FP programming. We examined differences in perceptions of unmarried and married youth’s access to and use of FP using bivariate analyses.

Results: Respondents reported that peers/friends were the most important influencer on use of FP among unmarried youth (80.2%), while spouse/partner was the most important for married youth (80.4%). Oral contraceptive pills, injectable contraception, and contraceptive implants were perceived as significantly harder for unmarried youth to access. Privacy, confidentiality, and anonymity were all important factors for the locations to access FP for unmarried youth, while married youth were more influenced by cost. None of the commonly used terms for FP were perceived positively by a majority of respondents, with the exception of ‘birth spacing’ by African respondents (51.0%).

Conclusions: These findings indicate that the preferences and needs of unmarried youth are different than married youth, but that all young people face barriers accessing FP. Unmarried youth seeking family planning are more influenced by peers and friends and continue to face difficulty accessing methods compared to married youth. These findings indicate the importance of including youth perspectives in development of youth-focused family planning programs.
Generation Scotland participant survey on data collection
Authors: Edwards Rachel , Campbell Archie , Porteous David
Published: July 2019

Background: Generation Scotland (GS) is a population and family-based study of genetic and environmental health determinants. Recruitment to the Scottish Family Health Study component of GS took place between 2006-2011. Participants were aged 18 or over and consented to genetic studies, linkage to health records and recontact. Several recontact exercises have been successfully conducted aimed at a) recruitment to embedded or partner studies and b) the collection of additional data. As the cohort matures in age, we were interested in surveying attitudes to potential new approaches to data collection and recruitment.

Methods: A ten-question online survey was sent to those participants who provided an email address.

Results: We report a high level of positive responses to encouraging relatives to participate, to remote data and sample collection and for research access to stored newborn dried blood spots.

Conclusions: The majority of current and prospective GS participants are likely to respond positively to future requests for remote data and sample collection.
UMA ABORDAGEM DA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DOCENTE EM AMBIENTE VIRTUAL DE APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Casotti Janayna Bertollo Cozer , Teixeira Daísa
Published: July 2019

Neste artigo, pretende-se verificar como participantes de um curso de formação inicial docente, nas práticas de interação em ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA), vão refletir sobre sua própria experiência de aprendizagem. Para tanto, o aporte teórico em que se busca respaldar a análise é a Teoria Semiolinguística do Discurso, de Charaudeau (2005, 2008), considerando-se, sobretudo, a concepção de ato de linguagem como uma “interação de intencionalidades”. Os dados para análise foram gerados a partir de um fórum de apresentação, no escopo da disciplina Linguagens 1, oferecida no ano de 2015, pela Plataforma Moodle, para alunos em formação inicial docente. O objetivo desse fórum era que os participantes se apresentassem e fizessem comentários acerca de seu processo de alfabetização. Assim, busca-se verificar quais comportamentos enunciativos esses alunos (em formação inicial docente) apresentam na mise en scènedo ato comunicativo de que eles participam em contexto digital. Os resultados desse trabalho de análise nos permitem reconhecer a posição que o sujeito ocupa em relação ao interlocutor, em relação ao que ele mesmo diz e também em relação ao que o outro diz.
ESTILO E MARCAS LINGUÍSTICAS: duas faces de um mesmo enunciado
Authors: Santos Eliane Pereira
Published: July 2019

Esse artigo objetiva analisar o estilo do gênero comentário online numa perspectiva sociológica. Neste contexto argumentamos a favor de que o estilo se concretiza nas escolhas linguísticas orientadas tanto pela forma, quanto pelo conteúdo e, especialmente pela posição axiológico-dialógica do comentador. Para Bakhtin (1976[1926]), dependendo do conteúdo e da imagem que se faça do ouvinte, o falante faz suas escolhas linguístico-estilísticas, definindo o estilo do enunciado. Assim, questionamos de que modo as relações de interação direcionam o estilo no gênero comentário online. Adotamos como corpus: comentários sobre notícias online, que tratam do processo de impeachment da presidente Dilma Rousseff, a partir de uma notícia retirada do portal Terra, cuja manchete é: Dilma se reúne com juristas contrários ao impeachment, publicada em 07/12/2015. Como resultado, percebemos que o estilo no gênero comentário online se constitui a partir das relações dialógicas e do posicionamento axiológico do sujeito falante, que faz as escolhas dos recursos linguístico-estilísticos (gráficos, lexicais e gramaticais), orientado pelo contexto extraverbal e pelo gênero discursivo.
A LEI COMPLEMENTAR Nº157/16 E O DESLOCAMENTO DO CRITÉRIO ESPACIAL DO SERVIÇO DE ARRENDAMENTO MERCANTIL À LUZ DA CONSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL E DO FEDERALISMO FISCAL BRASILEIRO / COMPLEMENTARY LAW Nº 157/16 AND THE DISPLACEMENT OF THE TAX SPACIAL CRITERION OF THE FINANCIAL LEASE SERVICE IN THE LIGHT OF THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION AND BRAZILIAN FISCAL FEDERALISM
Authors: Mileo Filho Francisco Sávio Fernandez
Published: July 2019

Este trabalho se propôs a investigar a (in)constitucionalidade da Lei Complementar nº 157/16, na parte em que ela alterou o critério espacial do serviço de arrendamento mercantil. Chegou-se à conclusão de que a Lei Complementar nº 157/16 é inconstitucional, na medida em que ela transforma o ISS incidente sobre a prestação de serviço de arrendamento mercantil em um imposto incidente sobre a tomada e/ou aquisição de serviço.
ARBITRAGEM TRIBUTÁRIA: ASPECTOS TEÓRICOS E POSSIBILIDADE JURÍDICA / TAX ARBITRATION: THEORETICAL ASPECTS AND LEGAL POSSIBILITY
Authors: De Castilhos Ian Fernandes
Published: July 2019

O atual momento de litigiosidade e ineficácia do sistema de cobrança de débitos tributários merece atenção e uma revisão profunda. A falha na cobrança dos débitos fiscais tem como resultado a falha também na prestação dos serviços que dependem destes numerários. Neste ambiente, o trabalho pretende apresentar os fundamentos teóricos que justifiquem a arbitragem tributária como mecanismo viável de resolução de litígios
ATIVIDADE ANTIFÚNGICA DO RESVERATROL EM CEPAS DE Candida spp
Authors: Cruz Letícia Carolina , Ehrhardt Alexandre
Published: July 2019

O resveratrol, encontrado na uva e no vinho, possui ação anti-inflamatória, antifúngica, antioxidante e pode ser comumente utilizado para fins medicinais. Considerando que os fungos como as espécies de Candida spp. se apresentam cada vez mais resistentes aos antifúngicos convencionais, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a ação antifúngica do resveratrol sobre cepas de diferentes espécies de Candida spp. Utilizou-se uma metodologia adaptada na qual culturas de C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. tropicalis e C. parapsilosis, foram testadas frente a 3 diferentes concentrações de resveratrol em pó, e também 3 diferentes marcas de suco de uva integral, utilizando o Fluconazol como controle. Inicialmente dilui-se 0,5 gramas de resveratrol em pó sobre 100ml de DMSO, a partir  desta realizou-se diluições correspondentes a 10¹, 10²,10³ as quais foram pipetadas em placas de Nest 1,8ml de cada diluição juntamente com 200ul de cada inoculo fúngico. Posteriormente essas amostras foram semeadas em ágar mycosel. A mesma metodologia seguiu na utilização dos sucos de uva. Percebeu-se inibição do crescimento fúngico das cinco espécies testadas demonstrando a atividade do resveratrol contra os isolados de Candida. Porém, o tratamento com a menor porcentagem de resveratrol utilizado no estudo não desencadeou inibição do crescimento das espécies C. glabrata e C. tropicalis. Quanto aos testes com suco, duas das três marcas testadas tiveram a ação semelhante ao do resveratrol em pó sobre as cepas de Candida. Considerando os resultados obtidos, pode-se sugerir a utilização do resveratrol como sendo uma substância antifúngica em potencial.
Desempenho de equações bioclimáticas para estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência em Conceição do Araguaia/PA
Authors: Lima Elton Ferreira , Santana Jhonata Santos , Silva Moraes Rafael Guimarães , Silva Fonseca Bryann Lynconn Araujo , Oliveira Pedro Luid De Sousa , Da Silva Cristiane Matos
Published: July 2019

Devido às incertezas nos totais pluviométricos que incidem sobre uma região por causa das alterações climáticas, a agricultura precisa dispor de técnicas que minimizem os riscos inerentes dessa atividade. A ETo originalmente introduzida sob o termo evapotranspiração potencial (ETp), é um importante parâmetro agrometeorológico, principalmente para planejamento e manejo de irrigação. Existem diversas equações para calcular a ETo, desde aqueles mais simples, com base puramente empírica, até aquelas que apresentam embasamento físico consistente sobre o fenômeno, contudo, há sempre algum empirismo presente. Diante disso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho de quatro métodos (Turc, Hargreaves e Samani, Jesen-Haise e Makkink) para estimativa da ETo diária por meio de comparações com o método padrão de Penman-Monteith-FAO56, em Conceição do Araguaia/PA. Os dados meteorológicos foram retirados do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia no período de 26 anos (1990-2016). O método tomado como padrão foi o de Penman-Monteith-FAO56, e a comparação dos resultados foi por meio do coeficiente de determinação (R²), índice de concordância de WIllmott (d), coeficiente de correlação de Pearson (r) e do coeficiente de confiança (c). Os melhores métodos para estimativa da ETo foram Turc e Hargreaves e Samani classificados como bom enquanto os métodos de Jesen-Haise e Makkink apresentaram o pior desempenho classificado como sofrível, quando comparados à equação padrão da FAO. Logo, seu uso não é recomendado sem antes receber a calibração dos coeficientes para a cidade em estudo.
Supporting… Theo
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: July 2019

How one setting helped a young boy begin to overcome his speech and language difficulties. By Annette Rawstrone
1924-2009 Tarihleri Arasında Atatürkçülük ve Türk Kültürü Konularının Sosyoloji Dersindeki Yeri
Authors: KOÇ AKRAN Sevda
Published: July 2019

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, 1924 yılından 2009
yılına kadar lise sosyoloji dersinde yer alan, Atatürkçülük ve Türk Kültürü
konularını belirlemektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan
doküman incelemesi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda;1924 sosyoloji öğretim
programında Atatürkçülük ve Türk Kültürü konularının ele alınmadığı, 1935, 1957
programlarında ise, Atatürkçülük ve Türk Kültürü konularına yer verildiği
görülmüştür. Araştırmada elde edilen diğer sonuçlar ise; 1976 programında
Atatürkçülük konusuna dolaylı ve doğrudan hiç bir gönderme yapılmadığı, buna
karşın, 1986 ve 1995 programlarında Atatürkçülük ve Türk Kültürü konularının
derslerde yoğun bir şekilde ele alındığı, 2009 programında ise, Atatürkçülük ve
Türk Kültürü konularının yer aldığı ünitelerin, 1995 programındaki Atatürkçülük
ve Türk Kültürü ünitelerine göre, oranlarında azalma görüldüğü sonucuna
ulaşılmıştır.
USO DE DIFERENTES PROPORÇÕES DE ETANOL NO BIODIESEL EM UM MOTOR ESTACIONÁRIO
Authors: Umbelino Anderson Da Silva , Sousa Lainny Jordana M. P. , Massola Mateus Prolo , Reis Elton Fialho dos , Alves Sueli Martins de Freitas
Published: July 2019

O motor a diesel é um dos equipamentos mais empregados nas propriedades agrícolas, sendo usado para a geração de energia e de força mecânica. Objetivou-se, neste estudo, avaliar o desempenho de um motogerador alimentado com diferentes concentrações de etanol no biodiesel e com diferentes cargas aplicadas. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente ao acaso (DIC) com três repetições, sendo os tratamentos dispostos em parcelas subdivididas em 5 x 5, em que foram distribuídas as concentrações de etanol no biodiesel (0, 10, 20, 30 e 40%) e, nas subparcelas, as cargas (0, 500, 1000, 1500 e 2000 W). Foram determinadas as emissões de monóxido de carbono, o consumo horário e o consumo específico do conjunto motogerador. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste de F a 5% e as médias foram apresentadas por equações de regressão. O aumento percentual do etanol no biodiesel apresentou maior emissão de CO em todas as cargas demandadas. O aumento do percentual de etanol no biodiesel aumentou o consumo horário até a carga de 1500 W, visto que, aplicando-se uma carga de 2000 W, o consumo específico diminuiu de acordo com a maior porcentagem de etanol no biodiesel, como também o aumento percentual de etanol no biodiesel proporcionou aumento no consumo específico até a carga de 1500 W.
DISPONIBILIDADE HÍDRICA E DOSES DE POLÍMERO HIDRORRETENTOR NA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS CLONAIS DE EUCALIPTO
Authors: Tatagiba Sandro Dan , Da Silva Aderbal Gomes , Penchel Filho Ricardo Miguel , Dos Reis Edvaldo Fialho , Ramos Klédison Alan
Published: July 2019

A utilização de polímeros hidrorretentores incorporados ao substrato tem se mostrado uma alternativa de manejo para o estabelecimento inicial de mudas em viveiro comercial. Assim, procurou-se investigar neste trabalho o uso de diferentes dosagens do polímero hidrorretentor, incorporado ao substrato, usando diferentes lâminas de irrigação para produção de mudas clonais de eucalipto. O experimento foi montado em esquema fatorial 4 x 3, sendo o fator dose do polímero em quatro níveis (0,0; 0,3; 0,6 e 1,0 kg m-3) e o fator lâmina de irrigação em três níveis (Lo, LR30 e LR50), num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições. Foram utilizadas três lâminas de irrigação, definidas como: Lo - lâmina operacional; LR30 - lâmina com 30% de redução da Lo; e LR50 - lâmina com 50% de redução da Lo. Avaliaram-se o enraizamento das estacas, a sobrevivência, a altura, o diâmetro de coleto e o potencial hídrico foliar das mudas. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, observou-se que o polímero afetou negativamente o enraizamento das estacas e a sobrevivência das plantas, à medida que diminuía a lâmina de água no substrato. O uso da LR30, sem a utilização do polímero hidrorretentor (dose de 0,0 kg m-3), foi o manejo que favoreceu o estabelecimento das mudas, contribuindo para o crescimento em altura e diâmetro do coleto, além do enraizamento inicial e a sobrevivência das plantas.
Abomasal displacement in neonatal dairy calves: Review of recent literature with special emphasis on abomasal torsion
Authors: Ismail Zuhair Bani , Omoush Faisal
Published: July 2019

Aim: This study aimed to describe the clinicopathological and necropsy findings in neonatal dairy calves affected with right torsion of the abomasum.

Materials and Methods: The history and findings of clinical examination, hematology and serum biochemical analyses and necropsy were described in six neonatal Holstein calves with a confirmed diagnosis of right torsion of the abomasum. Furthermore, a review of the literature was carried out using internet search engines such as PubMed and Google Scholar concerning abomasal displacement in calves. Only published papers in scientific and refereed journals were reviewed.

Results: Six neonatal Holstein calves (four females and two males) aged between 7 and 21 days were diagnosed with right torsion of the abomasum during necropsy. The calves were presented with peracute signs of anorexia, dehydration, abdominal pain, and abdominal distension. Hematology and serum biochemical analyses revealed hemoconcentration and azotemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, and hypokalemia.

Conclusion: Abomasal torsion in neonatal calves must be placed on the deferential diagnostic list of calves suffering from peracute signs of abdominal pain and distension. Although the underlying etiopathological factors are not fully known, correction of nutritional mismanagement is required to prevent the condition.
Kualitas Air pada Puncak Musim Kemarau di Daerah Rawa Danau Kabupaten Serang
Authors: Hartanto Priyo , Delinom Robert M , Hendarmawan Hendarmawan
Published: July 2019

Rawa Danau Serang merupakan rawa pegunungan yang menjadi andalan pemasok air di kawasan industri Cilegon dan sekitarnya. Selain air hujan, pasokan air ke Rawa Danau juga berasal dari mataair gunungapi di sekitarnya. Sumber air yang ada terdiri dari mataair, mataair panas, sumur gali, sumur bor dan sungai. Percampuran beragam sumber air tersebut dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air Rawa Danau, sehingga penelitian kondisi fisika dan kimia air menjadi penting untuk dilakukan. Pengukuran dilakukan pada kondisi puncak musim kemarau untuk menganalisis skenario terburuk dari curah hujan minimal dan kualitas air belum banyak dipengaruhi air hujan. Pada puncak musim kemarau, air di daerah penelitian cenderung bersifat asam dengan pH air berkisar 5,7-7,65. Hasil pengukuran dan analisis kimia air menggunakan AAS dan turbidimeter secara keseluruhan air masih memenuhi syarat untuk digunakan sesuai dengan peruntukannya. Analisis hidrogeokimia menggunakan diagram Piper menunjukkan bahwa tipe air Ca+Mg-HCO3. Rawa Danau Serang, which is a wetland in the mountain area, is the primary source of water for Cilegon and surrounding areas. Besides the precipitation, the main source of water in Rawa Danau is the mountain springs. The other water sources include springs, hot springs, dug wells, boreholes, and rivers. The mixture of those various sources of water might affect the quality of water.  Therefore, a study on the chemical and physical properties of the water is essential. We measured the water condition in the dry season to analyze the worst-case scenario of minimal rain. At the peak of dry season, water in the study area was acidic with pH ranging from 5.7 to 7.65. The results of chemical analysis of water using AAS and turbidimeter have indicated that, as a whole, the water from Rawa Danau was still meet the requirements for domestic use. Hydro-geochemical analysis using the Piper diagram has indicated that the type water is Ca + Mg- HCO3.