bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DOOR SECURITY SYSTEM FOR HOME MONITORING BASED ON IOT
Authors: Tiwari Anurag , Waoo Akhilesh A.
Published: September 2024

The smart door lock system Using IoT is an innovative solution that combines the power of Internet of Things (IoT) technology with traditional door locking mechanisms to enhance security, convenience, and control. This system employs smart devices, sensors, and a cloud-based platform to create an intelligent and responsive door access management system. The core components of the smart door lock system include a smart door lock device, IoT-enabled sensors, and a centralized cloud-based platform. The smart door lock is equipped with electronic locking mechanisms and wireless communication capabilities, allowing it to be controlled remotely. The IoT sensors integrated into the door and surrounding environment, provide real-time data on various parameters such as door status, temperature, and motion. The system utilizes a secure and scalable cloud-based platform to manage and monitor access control. Users can interact with the smart door lock system through a dedicated mobile application, web interface, or voice commands. The cloud platform enables seamless integration with other smart home devices and provides a centralized hub for data storage and analysis. The smart door lock system using IoT addresses the growing need for advanced security solutions while offering users unprecedented control over their door access. Making it a valuable addition to modern households and commercial spaces.
SOCIAL ECOFEMINISM IN ESCAPE BY MANJULA PADMANABHAN
Authors: Binani Mansi , Singh Swati
Published: September 2024

The present study highlights the themes of ecofeminism and dystopia in Manjula Padmanabhan’s novel Escape. The primary goal is to analyse how the novel portrays a society that systematically oppresses women and exploits the environment, reflecting broader concerns of patriarchal control and ecological degradation. The research design includes a critical examination of the narrative structure and thematic elements, drawing from ecofeminist theory to explore the interconnectedness of gender and environmental issues. The methodology involves a close reading of the text, with a focus on character dynamics, particularly the experiences of women in the dystopian setting. The analysis reveals that Padmanabhan’s depiction of a world where women are hunted and nature is ravaged serves as a powerful critique of contemporary societal norms. To concludes that Escape not only highlights the dangers of extreme patriarchal dominance but also advocates for a reconceptualization of human relationships with nature and each other, emphasizing the need for ecological and gender justice.
Negative Transfer and Delay in Proficiency Development: L1 Influenced Syntax Issues Faced by Arab EFL Learners
Authors: Abdullah Ahmad M Alfaifi  , Mohammad Saleem
Published: September 2024

Mother-tongue/L1 influence/interference in the learning process of a foreign/second language is quite common. Mother-tongue influence theory was quite popular in academia in the early twentieth century till the1950s, and fell out of favor in the 1960s, being replaced by the Interlanguage theory. However, the former has once again gained popularity as more scholars have come to accept that L1 does interfere in learning a foreign/second language, especially if learners are of mature age, and if there is little commonality between L1 and L2. L1 interference in L2 learning is usually referred to as “transfer,” which may be negative or positive. Negative transfer is assumed to hinder L2 learning. In the present study, the hypothesis that negative transfer impedes L2 learners’ proficiency development has been tested in a small-scale experiment conducted with Saudi first year university learners. The study provides evidence for the existence of negative transfer in the spoken English of these students. Bearing in mind the idea of L1 interference, due to dissimilarities between Arabic and English, this study was conducted with a focus on a few syntactic structures in Hijazi Arabic (HA) that are found to have clear echo in the English sentences of the participants, namely young adult Saudi EFL learners.
Group Work as a Contributing Factor for Language Use and Oral Fluency in EFL Classroom
Authors: Ishfaque Ahmed Abbasi  , Elizabeth Anthony
Published: September 2024

This study analyses how the cooperative learning strategies of discussions and interactions through group work could increase the speaking fluency of Pakistani students studying English as a foreign language to help them overcome their challenges. This study observed the contribution of group work as a cooperative learning strategy on oral fluency abilities in the context of English as a foreign language (EFL) instruction in Pakistan using a qualitative research technique. A variety of research methods, including interviews, observations, field notes, and reflective diaries, were used. Eight EFL students and four EFL lecturers were interviewed to get insight into their experiences with group work as cooperative learning strategy by using interactions and discussions and how it affected the growth of their oral fluency. The findings highlighted notable positive influence of group work activities on improving English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' fluency in spoken language.
WASTE MANAGEMENT BY THE DEPARTEMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND SANITATION OF AMBON CITY
Authors: Sariyowan Stephanie , Ohoiwutun Stanislaus K. , Patty Julia Theresia
Published: September 2024

This research is a qualitative descriptive study aimed at understanding how the Department of Environment and Sanitation of Ambon City manages waste. The research was conducted at the Department of Environment and Sanitation of Ambon City by collecting primary data through interviews with key informants directly involved in waste management activities in Ambon City. The results of the study revealed that waste management in Ambon City is still carried out conventionally through a series of activities, including the collection, transportation, and disposal of waste. The study also identified seven major challenges faced by the Department of Environment and Sanitation of Ambon City. These challenges include population growth, which continuously produces waste, limited infrastructure, low public awareness about the importance of waste management, issues with border waste between Ambon City and three sub-districts in Central Maluku Regency, and marine waste with 141 potential sources of waste entering the sea, particularly in Ambon Bay. Additionally, the enforcement of waste regulations and management of levies also pose significant challenges. In addressing these various challenges, the Department of Environment and Sanitation of Ambon City collaborates with the private sector through partnership programs.
Dil ve Konuşma Terapisi Bölümü Öğrencilerinin Demansa Yönelik Bilgi, Tutum ve Eğitim Gerekliliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Atila-çağlar Nazmiye , Barmak Elife
Published: September 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, dil ve konuşma terapisi (DKT) bölümü lisans öğrencilerinin, demansa yönelik bilgi düzeylerinin, tutumlarının ve eğitim gerekliliklerinin belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya, DKT bölümü 1. sınıf, 2. sınıf, 3. sınıf ve 4. sınıf öğrencilerinden toplam 199 öğrenci dahil edilmiştir. Demans Tutum Ölçeği (DTÖ), Demans Bilgi Değerlendirme Ölçeği (DBDÖ) ve Eğitim Gereklilikleri Anketi (EGA) öğrencilere Google Formlar üzerinden iletilerek veriler toplanmıştır. Sonuçlar: Bu çalışmada, 3. ve 4. sınıfların ortalama DBDÖ puanları, 1. ve 2. sınıfların ortalama DBDÖ puanlarından anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p
Cultural practices as a means of fostering artistic and creative activity among music students
Authors: Ptitsyna Maria Igorevna
Published: September 2024

The study aims to substantiate the use of cultural practices as a means of fostering artistic and creative activity among music students through their implementation in the educational process of the faculty of arts in a higher education institution in the discipline “Vocal Training”. The paper clarifies the notion of “cultural practices” as a means of fostering artistic and creative activity among music students. Examples of cultural practices adapted for use in the educational process of the faculty of arts in a higher education institution are provided. A program for the author’s special practical course “Organization of Creative Activity in the Formation of Artistic and Creative Activity among Music Students” is presented. The scientific novelty of the research lies in developing the author’s special practical course, which considers cultural practices as a means of fostering artistic and creative activity among music students of faculties of arts in higher education institutions in the discipline “Vocal Training”. The special practical course was tested with 60 first-year music students in the training program 44.03.01 Pedagogical Education (program specialization “Music”) from the Faculty of Arts of the Pedagogical Institute in the Saratov National Research State University named after N. G. Chernyshevsky. As a result, the study found that the introduction of cultural practices as a means of fostering artistic and creative activity among music students into the educational process of the faculty of arts strengthens the theoretical and practical components of their training, which allows for the preparation of a specialist with a sustained interest in creativity.
Communicative dominants of the sports internet discourse on figure skating
Authors: Malysheva Elena Grigorievna , Rogaleva Olga Sergeevna
Published: September 2024

The paper examines the communicative dominants of the sports internet discourse on figure skating, which is a thematic variety, or sub-discourse, of the sports discursive space. The aim of the study is to identify the specifics of the system of communicative tonalities characteristic of the sports internet discourse on figure skating. The scientific novelty of the study lies in considering tonality as one of the communicative dominants of the sports internet discourse on figure skating, shaping the pragmastylistic peculiarity of media texts on the Sports.ru website. The spectrum of communicative tonalities of the sports internet discourse on figure skating and the linguistic means of their representation are identified. The results showed that the communicative dominants of the internet discourse on figure skating are aggression and conflict, which is partly due to the active use of the “us – them” dichotomy. The enthusiastic, laudatory tonality accompanies texts based on the image of “us”; the agonality of sports discourse (by analogy with political discourse) is reduced to the struggle with “them”, their discrediting. The conflict component becomes one of the communicative dominants of the sports internet discourse on figure skating.
Evaluation of the Possible Effects of Varying the Volumetric Ratio of Lpg on the Spark Ignition Engine's Performance, Emissions, and Combustion
Authors: Simsek Suleyman , Uslu Samet
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the performance, emission reactions, and combustion of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) at various volumetric ratios with gasoline. The experiments were carried out on a single cylinder spark ignition (SI) engine at different engine loads (500 to 3000 W). In general, the use of LPG has a negative effect on performance and combustion, while making a positive contribution to emissions. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) values closest to 100% gasoline were obtained with 25% LPG and were lower by 0.36% and 4.55%, respectively. Conversely, using LPG resulted in lower emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO). The lowest emissions were obtained with the use of 100% LPG as 0.5%, 65 ppm and 9.5%, respectively. Compared to 100% gasoline, 20.63%, 27.78% and 5.19% improvements were achieved. Finally, the cylinder gas pressure value was negatively affected using LPG. Compared to 100% gasoline, the gas pressure value obtained with 75% LPG content fuel was 7.81% lower. It has been concluded that LPG is an environmentally friendly alternative fuel in terms of emissions, and considering the decrease in performance values, 25% LPG can be used successfully in SI engines instead of 100% LPG.
LAYANAN INFORMASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PERENCANAAN KARIER ANAK ASUH PANTI ASUHAN
Authors: Thaheransyah  , Dewita Erna , Mustika Amri Nadia , Desmaniar Rani
Published: September 2024

A career plan is a map that will guide each individual in determining his future goals. The absence of a career plan will have an impact on individual readiness to face the future, especially those related to the world of work. This is also experienced by foster children who live in orphanages, especially the Aisyiyah Orphanage in Padang City. Financially, foster children living in the Aisyiyah Orphanage in Padang City have the ability to pursue higher education. Because while they are in the orphanage they get special financing from the institution in the form of food, shelter and education financing. However, this potential has not been fully utilized by adolescents living in orphanages to plan their education to a higher level. Through this community service activity, it is expected to provide knowledge and understanding of the importance of career planning for orphanage adolescents. The purpose of community service is to improve the career planning of adolescents of the Aisyiyah Koto Tangah Timur Orphanage through the provision of information services. The implementation of this service is carried out using information service techniques through several stages, namely the stage of identifying information needs by finding and understanding what information is needed and relevant to the problems faced by the subject. Then the information collection stage is to collect information in accordance with the recipient's request. The needs of the subject can be known through observation, interviews, or other sources. Followed by the information evaluation stage, namely before conveying information to the recipient, an evaluation of the source of information is carried out, especially those related to validity, accuracy, and relevance to the needs of the subject. It is very important to ensure that the information to be conveyed can be useful for the resolution of problems experienced by the subject. The stage of organizing information, where information is arranged in a way that is easy to understand, logical and systematic so that the recipient can easily understand its content, so that the information provided can be absorbed properly by all members of the group who need the information. The feedback stage is a discussion session with information service participants related to messages that have been conveyed, especially those related to information that cannot be understood by service participants, so it is necessary to be given the opportunity to discuss to increase their understanding and knowledge related to the information conveyed. Finally, the evaluation stage is to evaluate the satisfaction of the recipient of the information, to measure whether the information provided is suitable for their needs and whether they can understand each information provided.
Backpropagation and Optimization in Deep Learning: Tutorial and Survey
Authors: Ghojogh Benyamin , Ghodsi Ali
Published: September 2024

This is a tutorial and survey paper on backpropagation and optimization in neural networks. It starts with gradient descent, line-search, momentum, and steepest descent. Then, backpropagation is introduced. Afterwards, stochastic gradient descent, mini-batch stochastic gradient descent, and their convergence rates are discussed. Adaptive learning rate methods, including AdaGrad, RMSProp, and Adam, are explained. Then, algorithms for sharpness-aware minimization are introduced. Finally, convergence guarantees for optimization in over-parameterized neural networks are discussed.
How material wealth influences age at first birth among Pimbwe women from Tanzania
Authors: Enríquez Pablo José Varas , Minocher Riana , Lukas Dieter , Colleran Heidi , Borgerhoff Mulder Monique
Published: September 2024

Whether a woman has an earlier or later age at first birth may be influenced by the amount of wealth, or its variability. Theory predicts that women tend to delay their first birth when they have high levels of material wealth, and have it earlier when they experience high wealth variability. However, both theoretical and empirical work have focused mainly on the influence of these two aspects of wealth on age at first birth separately. Here, we study how current household wealth and short- and long-term wealth variability, together, influence the reproductive onset of women. We analyse longitudinal data from Tanzanian Pimbwe women (n=495) using Bayesian logistic regression models. Our results show that women who experience higher short-term variability have their first birth earlier, while those with higher current wealth and long-term wealth variability delay it. Although there are no clear differences between the wealth predictors, wealth variability emerges as relatively more important to predict age at first birth than current wealth. Our work contributes to ongoing efforts to disentangle how both the amount and variability of wealth influence the reproductive onset of women, shedding light on the mixed evidence linking wealth and reproductive strategies among women.
Explicitly attributing false beliefs leads to altercentric biases in preschool children's search for objects
Authors: Speiger Marie Luise , Rothmaler Katrin , Bravo Alejandra , Liszkowski Ulf , Rakoczy Hannes , Grosse Wiesmann Charlotte
Published: September 2024

Humans are influenced by the beliefs of others, even when irrelevant to their current tasks. Such altercentric biases have been observed both in adults and infants. Their developmental trajectory and relation to explicit belief reasoning, however, are unclear. We investigated how altercentric biases develop as children begin to explicitly reason about beliefs at 3-5 years (N=115, F=62, M=53, primarily White). Only children who passed standard false belief tasks, showed altercentric biases when searching for an object in a sandbox that another agent believed to be elsewhere. These biases were only present when children had previously explicitly reasoned about false beliefs. This suggests that altercentric biases may re-emerge in the preschool years, where they depend on explicit belief reasoning.
Marching to your own beat: self-entrainment as a missing link between rhythm perception and synchronization
Authors: Cannon Jonathan
Published: September 2024

In the study of auditory rhythm perception, a key question is the relationship between the perception of a beat and moving to the beat. The most obvious way to observe an individual’s perceived beat is to ask them to move along with it (e.g., tap a finger on the beat). But this type of observation affects the observed percept: experiment shows that rhythm perception is altered in several ways during movement, even if that movement is as minimal as a finger tap. In particular, rhythmic movement seems to give perceptual “momentum” to a beat percept, helping it continue and making it robust to input perturbations and complexity. Here, we argue that this phenomenon can be elegantly accounted for by assuming that our perception of a periodic beat is partly entrained by the sensory feedback from our own movement. We show that this under-studied aspect of human rhythm provides a parsimonious explanation for a range of experimental results in healthy and disordered populations; that it poses challenges to existing models of rhythm production and entrainment; and that it may be a key to understanding the role of the cerebellum in sensorimotor synchronization and the observation of synchronization differences in autism.
Only the (informationally) stronger survive: A probe recognition study with scale-mates and antonyms
Authors: Lacina Radim , Gotzner Nicole
Published: September 2024

Speakers often use scalar words such as 'warm' in a pragmatically strengthened way that results in the conveyed meaning being 'warm but not hot'. In these inferences, known as scalar implicatures, meaning alternatives have been postulated to play a crucial role. Upon encountering 'warm', the informationally stronger alternative 'hot' has been shown to be active in online sentence processing. Antonyms ('cool') have also been shown to be activated in the same way even though they are standardly assumed to not be involved in scalar implicature derivation. In the current study, we focus on the question of whether both strong scalar alternatives and antonyms are represented in the final mental model of the discourse following scalar implicature derivation. We ran two probe recognition experiments, testing strong scalars and antonyms. We found an interference effect for strong scalars, indicating their representation, but not one for antonyms. Thus, we provide evidence that only the strong scalars survive in the eventual representation of the pragmatic meaning of a sentence.
Tariffs and Growth: Heterogeneity by Economic Structure
Authors: Hoyos Mateo
Published: September 2024

This paper provides novel empirical evidence that the dynamic medium-term relationship between trade liberalization and growth varies significantly with economic structure. Using a local projections difference-in-differences (LP-DiD) approach with data from 161 countries between 1960 and 2019, I show that tariff reductions are associated with higher income per capita in manufacturer countries but, notably, lower income in nonmanufacturer ones. This result is confirmed through a comprehensive set of robustness checks, including a clean controls analysis, the use of a recent dynamic panel estimator, and extensive tests for potential endogeneity threats. Testing for mechanisms, I show that the baseline heterogeneity is also consistent with heterogeneous changes in productivity, capital accumulation, and the manufacturing share of GDP. These findings suggest that the recent rise in protectionism in manufacturer countries might be harmful, while existing calls for further liberalization in nonmanufacturers could have unintended consequences.
High-choice media environments
Authors: Castro Laia
Published: September 2024

High-choice media environments (HCMEs) are defined as the growing supply of media outlets, platforms, devices and genres competing for audience attention. Scholars studying HCMEs from a political communication perspective have traditionally blamed media fragmentation for increased information gaps among citizens with differing levels of political interest, or diverging partisan alignments (Prior, 2005). More recent studies posit that distributed discovery (social media, news aggregators, search engines and messaging apps) and recommendation systems might be causing further information divides by reducing news attention, increasing knowledge resistance and decreasing awareness of others’ perspectives among certain online populations. Future studies should bring a more nuanced understanding of the development and implications of HCMEs by building on (a) news user repertoires (Strömbäck et al., 2018) or profiles research showing how a mix of news uses can contribute political learning, and also (b) systemic-equalizing approaches (Nir, 2012) that identify country-level factors favoring a more pervasive use of high-quality news.
आमा जानुहोस् कथामा कथातत्त्व
Authors: सापकोटा Sapkota अर्चना Archana
Published: September 2024

लेखसंगनै उपलब्ध छ ।
जनसाहित्यिक रचनाको औचित्य
Authors: भट्टराई Bhattarai तीर्थराज Tirtharaj
Published: September 2024

Available with Fulltext.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study of Root and Canal Morphology of Mandibular First and Second Premolars in Nepalese Population
Authors: Snigdha Shubham  , Kriti Shrestha  , Sageer Ahmad  , Vanita Gautam  , Vaibhav Rai
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION
Mandibular premolars are challenging to treat endodontically due to their varied root and canal morphology, impacting treatment prognosis. This study aimed to assess the root and canal morphology of mandibular premolars in a Nepali subpopulation using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 348 untreated mandibular ﬁrst and second premolars teeth of both right and left side having completely developed roots from 87 CBCT images of patients from September 2021-April 2024. The study assessed the number of roots, root canals, their conﬁgurations and the tooth length.
RESULTS
Signiﬁcant variations in root morphology were observed in mandibular premolars, with most having one root (91.40% in ﬁrst premolars, 100% in  second premolars) and  one  canal (50% in  ﬁrst  premolars, 70.69% in  second premolars). Type I conﬁgurations were most common (50% in ﬁrst premolars, 70.69% in second premolars), followed by Type V (21.26% in ﬁrst premolars, 13.79% in second premolars). C-shaped canals were more frequent in ﬁrst premolars (2.3%) than second premolars (1.15%).
CONCLUSION
This study provides valuable insights into root canal morphology variations of mandibular premolars in Nepalese sub population. The ﬁndings can help clinicians better understand importance CBCT's in anatomical variations and improve endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning for better outcomes.
Impact of Training and Development on Employee Performance: with reference to a Selected Divisional Secretariat in Sri Lanka
Authors: S.A.S Dismi Jayasuriya
Published: September 2024

Training and development are important aspects of human resource management for improving employee performance while upgrading the quality and the quantity of the work. There is criticism of the general public towards some of the Divisional Secretariats’ inefficiency in executing public delivery services in Sri Lanka. One of the main reasons for this inefficiency is the inability to succeed in their jobs. The objective of the study is to identify the impact of training and development on employee performance in a selected Divisional Secretariat in Sri Lanka. The study is based on quantitative research methods. The population for the study consists of two hundred and eighty-seven employees. A hundred employees were selected using stratified random sampling method. The data is collected using a structured questionnaire and descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The results indicate that there is a positive impact of the training and development on employees’ performance.  It is important to pay more attention to training content, and training outcome.  As there is a dearth of research on training and development and employee performance of the Divisional Secretariats in Sri Lanka, findings of this study can be used to improve employee performance through effective training and development of the selected Divisional Secretariat specifically, and all Divisional Secretariat in generally in Sri Lanka. 
 
Keywords: - Training and Development, Employee Performance Divisional Secretariat, Sri Lanka
Scientific Hadiths and Its Implementation in The Emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Authors: Sadiyah Fatichatus
Published: September 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is closely associated with the fifth industrial revolution, with computer systems' capacity to replicate and perform tasks that typically necessitate human intelligence. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) technology prompts an inquiry into the perspective of the Koran and Hadith as authoritative sources of Islamic law about the rise of AI. This essay explores the theoretical framework of hadiths about knowledge and its application within the context of artificial intelligence (AI). This essay employs mawďūiy or thematical hadith studies by al-Farmawi's theme approach, which technique entails the compilation of hadiths about a specific subject or objective based on asbāb al-wurūd and their comprehension, followed by elucidations, revelations, and interpretations of particular matters. The scientific hadith concepts above include fadl al-ilm wa al-ajr alayh; no hadith explicitly mentions technology or AI. However, in this hadith, science or knowledge is interpreted as technology because knowledge is the theoretical framework, while technology is the tangible outcome. If the relevance of AI is significant, Muslims must acknowledge and address the emergence of AI. Additionally, they can engage in its study for the betterment of both the present life and the hereafter. AI utilization can enhance creativity, productivity, and time efficiency. However, ensuring that ethical considerations accompany AI is imperative.
وقف الفضاء الافتراضي في العالم الماورائي من منظور مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية
Authors: Jailani Jailani
Published: September 2024

The virtual world that Zuckerberg calls the metaverse is an internet tool that is prepared to be seen not only on a screen. It is a spacious, unlimited social communication space developed to serve a sustainable environment. It can socially accommodate many people to give social meaning to its spaces, such as game rooms, business offices, meetings, shopping, and education. These spaces will gain greater effectiveness and be helpful from a religious point of view. This research seeks to reveal the role of virtual reality and determine its benefits based on Islamic law or Maqasid Sharia. This research uses a qualitative approach to obtain an in-depth understanding and comprehensive picture of the phenomenon under study. This research used a literature study based on traditional and contemporary jurisprudence studies and relevant studies to explain the metaverse by aligning Islamic phenomena with the principles of Maqasid Sharia theory, was al-Ta'lil wa al-Qiyas, and the rules of Jalb al-Mashalih in a comprehensive perspective, was Hifdz al-Din, wa al-Nafs, wa al-Nasal, wa al-'Aql, wa al-Mal. This research results: 1) Using Virtual Reality as a fundamental principle of benefit is permissible, and nothing can hinder its permissibility in Sharia, based on the analogy of scientific innovation. 2) The Maqashid Sharia's purpose achievement based on hifdz al-Mal is preserving money from its existential aspect because it has enormous economic potential based on hifdz al-Nafs, wa al-Nasal, wa al-'Aql. 3) Varied ways of investing by monetization methods must also be by Islamic law, such as renting out a place for parties, setting up an art gallery, or advertising and other things permitted in Islamic law.
Hubungan Welas Diri dan Ketakutan Melahirkan pada Ibu Hamil
Authors: Nur Rachmah Eva , Hayani  , Lutfi subargo Yopi
Published: September 2024

Ketakutan akan persalinan, kesehatan psikososial pada masa kehamilan, persalinan dan masa nifas memiliki dampak negative pada perempuan. Welas diri dapat dipandang sebagai strategi yang berguna untuk mengatur emosi, pada perasaan yang menyedihkan atau menyusahkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara rasa takut akan persalinan dan welas diri pada ibu hamil. Jumlah subjek penelitian yaitu sebanyak 104 ibu hamil. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket Welas diri  dan angket Wijma Delivery Expectancy Quesionnaire A (W-DEQ A). Rata rata skor W-DEQ A ibu hamil adalah 74,51 ±34,18. Tingkat ketakutan terhadap persalinan pada ibu hamil menurut skor W-DEQ A adalah 49% pada tingkat klinis / gangguan, 18,3 % pada tingkat berat, 15,4 % pada tingkat sedang, dan 17,3 % pada tingkat rendah. Ada korelasi negative antara skor W-DEQ A dan welas diri  dan subskalanya termasuk kebaikan diri, mindfulness, kemanusiaan universal, tetapi ada korelasi signifikan positif penilaian diri, isolasi, identifikasi berlebihan. Welas Diri adalah prediktor yang signifikan dari rasa takut melahirkan (p<0,001). Sebagai hasil dari penelitian ini, seiring dengan meningkatnya welas diri, rasa takut akan persalinan berkurang. Profesional kesehatan harus mempertanyakan wanita hamil dalam hal ketakutan melahirkan dan kasih sayang diri. Studi intervensi untuk meningkatkan welas diri direkomendasikan untuk mengurangi rasa takut melahirkan pada ibu hamil.
PQ4R & Vocabulary Acquisition towards Bilingual Fiction Storybook For EFL Elementary Students in Reading Comprehension
Authors: Lu'luul Maknunah  , Moh. Hafidz
Published: September 2024

PQ4R is students’ reading time in the bilingual fiction storybook to make faster through prepared questions. This research used qualitative research design to describe the real context of students’ reading using bilingual fiction storybook. The instruments were checklist to find the implementation of PQ4R in reading comprehension, and some questions to know the students’ vocabulary mastery. Then, the data analyzed to draw a conclusion. As the result, bilingual fiction storybook can enhance students’ ability on reading comprehension especially on students’ vocabulary enrichments, and makes students think critically through the content inside, because it contains picture inside to make students imagine the contents and it has two languages to make students easily to comprehend the text.
Changes of the population dynamics of Sorex araneus and Myodes glareolus in South Karelia
Authors: Yakimova A.E.
Published: September 2024

The paper examines the population dynamics of common species of small mammals in southern Karelia (Sorex araneus L., 1758 and Myodes glareolus Scherber, 1780) based on the results of long-term stationary studies. Small mammals in the study area were captured in the summer and autumn of the period 1966–2014 using standard snap trap lines. At each trapping session, all habitat types were sampled. The dominant species in the small mammal population, like anywhere in Eastern Fennoscandia, were Sorex araneus and Myodes glareolus. Both dominant species live here at the edge of their ranges. As a result of the data analysis of the long-term abundance of these small mammal species, the presence of two time periods (1966–1990 and 1991–2014) was established, differing for each of the species under consideration in the nature of changes in abundance. For both the common shrew and the bank vole in the second period, a change in the nature of population cyclicity was noted, expressed by a change from a tendency toward 3–4-year cycles to chaotic fluctuations. Also, a decrease in the amplitude of population fluctuations was observed for both species. For the bank vole, there was also a decrease in the population level. A discrepancy was noted in the previously existing correlation of the long-term abundance of the background species. The probable reason for such changes is the warming of the climate observed in the north of Eurasia in the 21st century. For peripheral populations of small mammals, endogenous factors regulating numbers come to the fore. This influence is indirect, as warmer winters and springs create more favorable living conditions for animals.
El contexto y las creencias de los aprendientes de alemán como lengua extranjera
Authors: Davila-Romero Raul , Kirchhoff Natalie
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Las creencias de los estudiantes de idiomas influyen en su proceso de aprendizaje, y el contexto de aprendizaje puede modificar estas creencias. Este estudio compara las creencias de los aprendientes de alemán como lengua extranjera para analizar cómo se relacionan con su contexto de aprendizaje. Metodología: Se utilizó el cuestionario BALLI de Horwitz para investigar las creencias de los estudiantes. El objetivo fue establecer relaciones entre sus creencias y el contexto en el que aprenden alemán. Resultados: Los resultados ofrecen un perfil específico de los aprendientes de alemán en nuestro estudio, que los distingue de estudiantes en otros contextos de aprendizaje. Discusión: El estudio subraya cómo el contexto de aprendizaje influye en las creencias de los estudiantes de idiomas, lo que sugiere que estos factores deben tenerse en cuenta al diseñar programas de enseñanza. Conclusiones: El perfil resultante de las creencias de los aprendientes de alemán muestra diferencias claras respecto a otros contextos, lo que resalta la importancia de considerar el entorno de aprendizaje en el estudio de las creencias de los estudiantes de idiomas.
Diamidophosphine as a Precursor of the Iminophosphonamidinate Ligand in the Yttrium Complex
Authors: Konokhova A. Yu. , Afonin M. Yu. , Sukhikh T. S. , Konchenko S. N.
Published: September 2024

Diamidophosphine tBuP(NHMes)2(H2L) is synthesized by the treatment of tBuPCl2 with two equivalents of KNHMes (Mes = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2). The reaction of H2L with potassium hydride in THF (THF is tetrahydrofuran) affords the anionic form HL− with the hydrogen atom migrating from nitrogen to phosphorus, which is confirmed by the 1H and 31P NMR data. The structure of the formed iminophosphonamidinate anion HL− is determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) in the crystalline phase of K[K(THF)2](tBuPH(NMes)2)2 · C7H8 (KHL). The reaction of KHL with yttrium chloride gives complex [Y(tBuPH(NMes)2)2Cl] ([Y(HL)2Cl]) in which, according to the XRD data, ligands HL− are in the iminophosphonamidinate PH form. The 1H and 31P NMR spectra confirm that this structure of the complex exists in the solution.
Supercapacitors for extreme temperatures. Review
Authors: Volfkovich Yu. M.
Published: September 2024

This review considers the literature on electrochemical supercapacitors (ECSC) operating at extreme temperatures from –80°C to +220°C, which is very important for practice. The influence of the following methods and factors on the efficiency of the ECSC at extreme temperatures is considered: the use of ionic liquids as an electrolyte: the use of a modified gel electrolyte, a combined electrolyte, aqueous electrolytes with a low freezing point; the use of acetonitrile as an electrolyte solvent; the use of clay as a solid electrolyte; application of solid-state EСSC; application of electrodes with an optimized porous structure; the use of graphene and pseudocapacitive electrodes; the use of solar cells; use of combined techniques to create supercapacitors for extreme temperatures. Undoubtedly. This review will be of great interest both for fundamental electrochemistry and for practice.
Model describing of the process of electrodeposition of loose zinc deposits in pulsed potential modes
Authors: Nikitin V. S. , Ostanina T. N. , Rudoy V. M.
Published: September 2024

The structural characteristics of loose zinc deposits obtained in pulsed potential modes were calculated using a phenomenological model. Increasing the duty cycle leads to increased anodic dissolution during pauses and obtaining denser deposits, due to the formation of dendrites with fewer vertices, but with a larger diameter compared to deposits obtained in the potentiostatic mode. The linear dependence of the diameter of the tips of dendrites forming a loose zinc deposit on the duty cycle was found. It is shown that there is a critical time corresponding to the achievement of zero deposit growth rate when the metal deposited during the pulse will completely dissolve during the pause.
Electrochemical properties of superionic conductors CsAg4Br3-хI2+х
Authors: Glukhov A. A. , Reznitskikh O. G. , Yaroslavtseva T. V. , Urusova N. V. , Ukshe A. E. , Dobrovolsky Yu. A. , Bushkova O. V.
Published: September 2024

CsAg4Br3–хI2+х solid solutions with x=0.38; 0.50; 0.63 were prepared by solid-phase synthesis; the single-phase of the products was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. Studies of the electrical transport characteristics of CsAg4Br3–хI2+х included measurements of the ionic conductivity by the four-probe method in the range of –50…+120°C and an evaluation of the electronic component of the conductivity by the Hebb-Wagner method. It was shown that the ionic conductivity of CsAg4Br3–хI2+х solid solutions in the studied range of compositions is practically independent of x and is very close to that of the well-known superionic conductor RbAg4I5. The activation energy of conduction for all studied compounds is about 10 kJ mol–1. The oxidation potential determined by the stepwise polarization technique for CsAg4Br3–хI2+х solid solutions is noticeably higher than that of RbAg4I5, and is in the range of 0.75–0.78 V (vs. Ag0/Ag+). The high electrochemical characteristics of CsAg4Br3–хI2+х (0.38≤x≤0.63) and the absence of polymorphic transitions in the studied range from –160°C to the melting point (175 – 178°С) make these materials promising for use in electrochemical devices based on solid electrolytes, especially for low temperature applications.
Depolarization at electrodeposition of the negative component of the eutectic alloy
Authors: Gamburg Yu. D.
Published: September 2024

At electrochemical deposition of alloys various phenomena are observed that lead to changes in the kinetics and thermodynamics of these processes. So, as a result of changing the nature of the electrode surface, the exchange current densities of each of the components and the transfer coefficients change. Further, during the formation of solid solutions, the equilibrium potentials of the components change due to the non-zero enthalpy of mixing and entropy of mixing. At deposition of eutectic-type alloys (that is, a mixture of grains of individual components), each of the metals is not deposited on the entire surface of the electrode, but only on its own surface. In the latter case, there is a change in the diffusion pattern of the components compared to the deposition of individual metals: it remains unchanged in the outer part of the diffusion layer but near the surface there is a condensation of the diffusion fields of the components, similar to how it is observed during diffusion to the matrix of microelectrodes or to individual nuclei of a new phase. This also leads to a change in the diffusion part of the overpotential at deposition of components. The diffusion of ions of a discharging negative component of an alloy representing a mechanical mixture of metal grains A and B to the grain surface of this component in the model of a partially blocked electrode is considered. It is shown that at a constant potential, the local current density of the component is increased as a result of diffusion acceleration. The magnitude of the relative increase in current and the corresponding magnitude of apparent depolarization is found as compared between the deposition of an individual metal and the codeposition of the same component into an alloy.
Production and electrocatalytic activity of graphene-phosphorene structures decorated with cobalt atoms
Authors: Manzhos R. A. , Komarova N. S. , Kotkin A. S. , Kochergin V. K. , Prikhodchenko T. R. , Krivenko A. G.
Published: September 2024

Nitrogen-doped few-layer graphene structures were synthesized by the plasma-assisted electrochemical exfoliation of graphite and were used to prepare composites with phosphorene structures obtained as a result of ultrasonic exfoliation of a black phosphorus porous electrode with cobalt preliminarily deposited on it. The catalytic activity towards hydrogen evolution reaction of few-layer graphene and phosphorene structures, as well as their mixtures was studied, and mixed electrocatalysts was shown to demonstrate the highest activity towards hydrogen evolution reaction.
New evidence for organic nature of carbonaceous substance in Archean banded iron fomation of the Kostomuksha greenstone belt, Karelian Craton, Russia
Authors: Vysotskiy S. V. , Khanchuk A. I. , Velivetskaya T. A. , Ignat’ev A. V. , Aseeva A. V. , Nesterova N. S. , Karpenko A. A. , Ruslan A. V.
Published: September 2024

The paper considers the results of a study of particles of carbonaceous substance and sulfur isotopes of associated sulfides in metapelites of the Neoarchean banded iron formation (BIF) of the Kostomuksha greenstone belt of Karelia (Karelian Craton of the Fennoscandian Shield). According to the petrographic observations, the carbonaceous matter occurs within and between silicate minerals’ grains, inside sulfides or at the grain boundaries, separating sulfide crystals from biotite or amphibole. Scanning electron (SEM) and atomic force (AFM) microscopy revealed the several types of the carbonaceous material varying in structure and carbon content. Raman spectra approved both well-structured graphite and weakly structured graphite (kerogen) components of the carbonaceous substance. The isotopic composition of total organic carbon is typical for biogenic processes. The obtained δ13Corg value within the range of –27,9– –30,6‰ is consistent with carbon fixation by photo- or chemoautotrophs. The sulfur isotopy of the associated sulfides is marked by positive Δ33S anomaly (up to +0.94‰) and negative δ34S values (–2.06‰ ─ –4.1‰). Positive Δ33S values indicate sulfur genetic association with photochemical elemental sulfur (S8) from the atmosphere, while negative δ34S values reflect isotope fractionation in bacterial-mediated processes. Based on these observations, we believe that the initial carbonaceous substance has mainly organic origin.
Constraining the parameters of the Andrade rheological model in Earth’s mantle based on the Love numbers of the М2 lunar semidiurnal tide
Authors: Amorim D. O. , Gudkova T. V.
Published: September 2024

For the first time we showed that the often-used approximation of the Andrade rheology with only one parameter is oversimplified and might lead to incorrect conclusions when studying the internal structure of the planets of the Solar System. Instead, we used an Andrade rheology with two empirical parameters: α and ζ. Earth’s viscoelastic Love numbers for the principal lunar semidiurnal tide M2 were computed for two viscosity profiles and for 16100 different combinations of α and ζ values. The comparison of the computed Love numbers with its measured values allowed us to constrain the set of values of both parameters that successfully describe the rheological properties of Earth’s mantle.
Climatic changes in the Arctic territories of Eastern Siberia over the last millennium according to lithological-geochemical data of bottom sediments of Lake Peyungda (Krasnoyarsk region, Evenkia)
Authors: Dar’in A. V. , Rogozin D. Yu. , Novikov V. S. , Meydus A. V. , Babich V. V. , Markovich T. I. , Rakshun Ya. V. , Dar’in F. A. , Sorokoletov D. S. , Degermendzhi A. G.
Published: September 2024

Using scanning micro-X-ray fluorescence analysis using synchrotron radiation, profiles of changes in the depth of the section in the elemental composition of the banded clays of Lake Peyungda (Krasnoyarsk Territory, Evenkia), located 30 km southwest of the epicenter of the Tunguska event (1908), were obtained. The age model is confirmed by the presence of a dated layer of anomalous thickness associated with the fall and explosion of the Tunguska cosmic body (TCB). Changes in element contents in dated core layers are compared with instrumental meteorological observation data over the last century, and a relationship is found between the average annual temperature of the region and the elemental composition of coeval layers of bottom sediments (transfer function). Approximation of the transfer function to the sampling depth of the sedimentary section made it possible to reconstruct the air temperature in the studied region over the past 1000 years. Comparison of the resulting reconstruction of average annual temperatures in the study area with global temperature reconstructions for the Arctic region for the same period shows the presence of general trends and extremes.
OPTIMIZATION OF QRIS VIRTUAL PAYMENT TOOLS AS A SUPPORTER OF THE ISLAMIC ECONOMY FOR MUSLIM MSMES GO DIGITAL
Authors: Retnowati May Shinta
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyze the benefits of using QRIS as a non-cash transaction tool for MSME players to realize MSMEs go digital. QRIS is a new innovation launched by Bank Indonesia in collaboration with the Indonesian Payment System Association which was launched on the 74th independence day of the Republic of Indonesia, namely August 17, 2019. This research uses a library approach. The results of this study show that the benefits of using QRIS have a major influence on the development of the Sharia economy, especially Muslim MSME players.