bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Language retrogenesis as a window to language evolution
Authors: Benítez-Burraco Antonio , Ivanova Olga
Published: April 2021

Several structurally simplified forms of language (sometimes called, ‘degraded’) have been explored as possible proxies to previous stages in the evolution of language. In this paper, we focus on two of such forms, namely, child language and language in aging. Specifically, we re-examine the hypothesis of language retrogenesis, according to which language loss in aging parallels, though inversely, language acquisition by the child. We present evidence supporting this view, particularly, in the domain of complex aspects of language with high cognitive reliance, including lexical access (demanding the mapping of meanings to phonological representations), the understanding of non-literal meanings (demanding the access to the context and to encyclopedic knowledge), the resolution of lexical competition, and the understanding and production of complex syntactic structures (demanding more working memory resources). We further consider whether these changes recapitulate aspects of language phylogeny in the species. We have also found some support to this view, as the involved areas (like the inferior frontal gyrus), are phylogenetically newer, as shown by interspecies comparison. Finally, we advance a new testing arena for this hypothesis, involving some of the cortico-subcortical circuits controlling both reactive aggression and complex syntax.
Attachment Patterns for Lesbian/Gay Individuals with Unaccepting Parents
Authors: Willis Jarryd , Disler Gareth , Khalil Laureen
Published: April 2021

While much research has considered how lesbian/gay parents affect straight children, less attention has been paid to how heterosexual parents affect their lesbian/gay children. At the same time, attachment theorists are trying to determine how contiguous individuals’ differential attachments are to each other, especially in predictive utility. A secure base is best for exploratory processes such as sexual-identity development. Given that lovers share the role of primary attachment with parents in adulthood, lovers for lesbian/gay individuals, compared to heterosexuals, may be a unique source of social support against rejection sensitivity and victimization by unaccepting parents. The results of this study suggest that rejection sensitivity moderates the effect of parents’ acceptance/rejection on parental attachment patterns. Moreover, parental attachment patterns differentially predict romantic attachment dimensions across orientation, and exert limited influence on lesbian/gay romantic attachment and satisfaction relative to heterosexuals. This suggests that lesbians/gays use their romantic attachment as primary to a greater degree than heterosexuals, and dissociate their romantic attachment from their parental attachment in a manner not observed for heterosexuals. This likely reflects protective adaptations given adversarial parental relationships.
Validation of an Extended Violent Ideations Scale to measure both non-sexual and sexual violent ideations (The VIS-X)
Authors: Urruela Carlota , Booth Tom , Eisner Manuel , Ribeaud Denis , Murray Aja Louise
Published: April 2021

A previous study developed and validated a multi-item instrument for the assessment of violent ideations, the “Violent Ideations Scale” (VIS). However, the final 12-item scale contained no items relating to sexual violence and was thus lacking an important dimension of violence. The current study explores an expansion of the original VIS to include ideations of sexual violence and investigates the psychometric properties of this new version: The Violent Ideations Scale-Extended (VIS-X). The VIS-X was completed by participants in the latest wave of the z-proso study (n=1177; 595 females, 580 males aged 19 to 22). Exploratory factor analysis was conducted in a calibration sample and confirmatory factor analysis in a validation sample to establish a two sub-scale structure as optimal. Cronbach’s Alpha and Composite Reliability suggested good internal consistency. Nomological analysis supported the convergent validity of the scores.
The slow development of real-time processing: Spoken Word Recognition as a crucible for new thinking about language acquisition and disorders
Authors: McMurray Bob , Apfelbaum Keith S , Tomblin Bruce
Published: April 2021

Words are fundamental to language, linking sound, articulation and spelling to meaning and syntax; and lexical deficits are core to communicative disorders. Work in language acquisition commonly asks how lexical knowledge – the sound pattern and meaning of words – is acquired. This is insufficient to account for skilled behavior. Sophisticated real-time processes must decode the sound pattern of words and interpret them appropriately. This paper reviews work that overcome this gap by using sensitive real-time measures of language processing (eye-tracking in the Visual World Paradigm) along with highly familiar words with school age children. This work reveals that the development of word recognition skills can be characterized by differences in the rate by which decisions unfold in the lexical system (the activation rate) and that this develops extremely slowly – through adolescence. In contrast language disorders can be linked to differences in the ultimate degree to which competing interpretations are suppressed (competition resolution), and this can be mechanistically linked to deficits in inhibition. This has implications for real-world problems such as reading and second language acquisition. It suggests that developing accurate, flexible, and efficient processing is just an important goal of language acquisition, as acquiring language knowledge.
Automatic imitation of in- and out-group members
Authors: Genschow Oliver , Westfal Mareike , Cracco Emiel , Crusius Jan
Published: April 2021

Individuals have the automatic tendency to imitate each other. A key prediction of motivational theories explaining automatic imitation is that individuals imitate in-group members more strongly than out-group members. However, the empirical basis for this prediction is rather inconclusive. Only few experiments have investigated the influence of group membership using classic automatic imitation paradigms and these experiments led to mixed results. To put the group membership prediction to a critical test, we carried out six high-powered experiments (total N = 1,538) in which we assessed imitation with the imitation-inhibition task and manipulated group membership in different ways. Evidence across all experiments indicates that group- membership does not modulate automatic imitation. These results have important implications for motivational theories explaining automatic imitation and contribute to the current discussion of whether automatic imitation can be socially modulated.
Impact of Revised Code NBC105 on Assessment and Design of Low Rise Reinforced Concrete Buildings in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Jagat K. , Paudel Nirajan , Koirala Bishal , Giri Binod R. , Lamichhane Adarsha
Published: April 2021

Gorkha Earthquake in 2015 has impacted considerably in the design and construction of buildings in Nepal. Strength and Safety of life and constructions have become the prime concerns of the government and the public. Regulation is required to achieve the strength and safety in the constructions. Hence, a need for revision of building codes has been felt and Nepal Building Code, NBC105 has been revised. This paper presents the impact of the revised code on seismic load estimation for low rise reinforced concrete buildings. For the assessment of the impact linear and non- linear static and linear dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete residential buildings of two storey and four Storey has been taken subjected to Indian Standard Codes IS 1893: 2002, IS 1893:2016, Nepal Building Codes NBC 105: 1994 and NBC 105: 2020. The buildings were modeled and analyzed in SAP2000. The response of the buildings such as time period, base shear, drifts, and storey forces from the application of the four codes was compared. The comparison of the results shows that the structural response of the building under the revised NBC105:2020 is 60% to 65% higher compared to the previous code NBC105:1994.
An Alumni Portal and Tracking System
Authors: Bista Baibhav , Shakya Aman , Joshi Basanta , Pokhrel Anusandhan , Dangol Lumanti , Kedia Mohit , Baral Daya Sagar
Published: April 2021

Alumni tracking is a difficult task for any institution that has been running for a long time. The Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering (DOECE), Pulchowk Campus, IOE, has been offering undergraduate programs since 1994 A.D. and masters programs since 2001 A.D. The existing information about the alumni of the department is unmanaged and out of date. This paper presents a web-based system to integrate data of alumni into a well-managed database, and to act as a portal where alumni can update their current status and view online alumni yearbooks. This work aims to make the task of alumni tracking easier and simpler for the department. The web-based portal has been accessed by many alumni of the department starting from the earliest batches to update their information and see the whereabouts of others. From the collected alumni responses, some preliminary insights observed were: (a) it was seen that alumni seem to be heterogeneous both in their job positions and employers, however, a large portion are employed in the software sector, (b) most alumni (60%) are currently residing in Nepal, and (c) for further education, the USA (39%) seems to be the favored choice, followed closely by Nepal (32.5%).
High Temperature Superconductivity: A Prospective Remedy for Energy Crisis in Future
Authors: Gnawali Chhabi L. , Pandey Binod
Published: April 2021

This paper summarizes the superconducting phenomenon followed by application of superconductivity devices on energy sector. High temperature superconductivity are very innovative, promising and eco-friendly alternative to mitigate the energy crisis by saving energy.
Design, Fabrication, and Performance Analysis of an Automatic Horizontal Egg Incubator
Authors: Yadav Bharosh Kumar , Pokhrel Nischal , Khatiwada Dinesh , Khanal Madan , Bajracharya Triratna , Dhakal Rabin
Published: April 2021

This research paper presents the design, construction, and performance testing of an automatic electrically powered egg incubator utilizing the horizontal placement of eggs. This experimental research was driven by the specific design and construction of a well-insulated rectangular egg-incubating box of dimension 400 mm × 600 mm × 500 mm and thickness 30 mm, where sample eggs were kept for experimental test analysis under the favorable temperature and humidity inside the box, which was automatically controlled. The device was made to operate under the temperature range of 37°C – 38°C, which was found to be adequate for developing embryos and also maintaining relative humidity at the range of 45–60% for the first 18 days and 60–90% for the last three days. Finally, in this machine, the egg tray was adjusted horizontally, and a motor clamped mechanism was used 5 times a day which was controlled automatically by a micro-controller for the motion of eggs up to 18 days of incubation. In conclusion, this egg-incubating machine has an efficiency and hatchability of 72.22%.
On Generalized h-Recurrent Finsler Connection
Authors: Mandal Khageshwar
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the present paper is to generalize the concept of recurrent Finsler connection by taking h-connection by applying h-covariant derivative of Φ (p)ij as recurrent. Such a connection will be called a generalized h-recurrent Finsler connection. The relation between curvature tensors of Cartan's connection Cτ and generalized h-recurrent Finsler connection has been established.
Urgencias endocrinológicas: coma mixedematoso
Authors: González Calderón Ivan Camilo , López Mejia Pablo Alejandro , Saavedra Ortiz Miguel Angel , González Natalia Andrea , Herrera Acero Sebastián
Published: April 2021

En el presente reporte de caso se presenta una urgencia endocrinológica, el coma mixedematoso. Se considera una descompensación del hipotiroidismo y su mortalidad es alta alcanzando hasta 52% en algunas series de casos. Puede desencadenarse por múltiples factores y su presentación clínica es muy variada ya que comprende la afección de diversos sistemas. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 42 años de edad que consultó al servicio de urgencias del Hospital de San José de Bogotá con sospecha inicial de una de falla cardiaca descompensada, sin embargo, cursó con pobre mejoría ante el manejo instaurado, por lo cual se realizaron estudios de extensión en donde se encontró una función tiroidea deprimida. En este momento se consideró que la paciente padecía un coma mixedematoso, se instauró manejo con dosis altas de levotiroxina oral con lo cual evolucionó de manera favorable y se logró dar de alta a los pocos días.
Narrativa de enfermería: cuidado holístico de un paciente con pie diabético
Authors: Rincon Ballen Elizabeth Catalina
Published: April 2021

Los enfermeros son profesionales que brindan cuidado y realizan intervenciones en diferentes campos de acción del proceso salud-enfermedad para promover estilos de vida, preservar y mantener la vitalidad de las personas y comunidades y propender por una recuperación y rehabilitación que permita la integración adecuada de los pacientes a una vida productiva y familiar exitosa. En este contexto, quienes cursan con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus se favorecen con el apoyo de enfermeros que pueden o tienen la capacidad de cubrir sus requerimientos en términos de educación frente a la patología, al control de los factores de riesgo y al manejo adecuado de una complicación principal de esta enfermedad como lo es el pie diabético; por eso esta profesión  se convierte en una fuente de educación, cuidado, conocimientos y bienestar no solo para el paciente sino para su contexto familiar.
Cierpienie i pocieszenie w slashu
Authors: Szpatowicz Marta
Published: April 2021

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest opisanie jednego z gatunków fanfikcji (twórczości literackiej fanów) – hurt/comfort, który najczęściej występuje w obrębie slashu, czyli takiego rodzaju tekstów, które skupiają się na relacjach romantycznych/erotycznych między dwoma męskimi bohaterami. W hurt/comfort jedna z postaci zostaje poddana cierpieniom psychicznym lub fizycznym, druga otacza rannego czy chorego opieką. Ból i sytuacje zagrażające zdrowiu czy życiu pozwalają zbliżyć się do siebie bohaterom, uświadomić silne przywiązanie, zbudować między nimi intymność. Tego typu teksty mogą być odczytywane jako krytyka tradycyjnych koncepcji męskości związanych z kulturą patriarchalną.
RESEARCH OF THE POSSIBILITY OF USING OF WORT WITH ADDING TOPINAMBUR IN THE PRODUCTION OF YEAST SACCHAROMYCES
Authors: Gulyaev V. , Maznytska O. , Anatsky A. , Pasenko A.
Published: April 2021

The article presents the results of experimental studies of the quality indicators of beer wort and young beer obtained using malt wort with the addition of Jerusalem artichoke when hopping with granulated hops and using a pure culture of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis 131 K. yeast. Jerusalem artichoke tuberosus tubers contain carbohydrates: inulin, fructosans. Inulin (С6Н10О5)n is a polysaccharide consisting mainly of D-fructose residues (35-42 units) connected by l,2-glucosidic bonds. Own enzymes take part in saccharification of reserve polysaccharides of Jerusalem artichoke tubers, including inulase (β-1,2-fructan-fructanohydrolase), which hydrolyzes β-1,2-bonds in inulin by the formation of 95% fructose and of 5% of glucose. Therefore, the malt wort from Jerusalem artichoke mainly contains fructose, which is easily fermented with brewer's yeast to alcohol and carbon dioxide.

The determination of organoleptic and physico-chemical quality indicators of beer wort and young beer based on malt with the addition of Jerusalem artichoke was performed according to generally accepted methods. The morphological and physiological state of brewer's yeast was studied by microscopy. The organoleptic characteristics of beer wort and beer were determined according to DSTU 7103: 2009, physico-chemical: mass fraction of alcohol and calculation of solids in the initial wort – in accordance with GOST 12787-81; acidity – respectively with GOST 12788-87; color – according to GOST 12789-87, carbon dioxide – according to GOST 12790-81. Active acidity was measured by a laboratory ionometer «И-160МИ». The compliance of beer quality indicators as a finished product was determined according to DSTU 3888: 2015.

It was revealed that the addition of Jerusalem artichoke wort to malt causes an increase in the degree of fermentation and the mass fraction of alcohol in young beer. There was also an increase in the color of the young beer compared to the control sample. Therefore, the replacement of 10% malt with Jerusalem artichoke can be recommended only for the manufacture of dark beers. In brewing technology, classic beer malt wort can be diluted with Jerusalem artichoke tubers wort. Yeast works equally well in the wort composition. The addition of Jerusalem artichoke wort improves the fermentation process and contributes to the accumulation of yeast biomass.

Partial replacement of the classic malt wort with Jerusalem artichoke tubers has economically feasible because it will reduce the cost of producing beer and brewer's yeast.Jerusalem artichoke raw materials are more affordable and cheaper than malt. The product obtained as a result of fermentation  – dark beer has satisfactory organoleptic properties, a sweetish aftertaste and a light sunflower aftertaste.
DEVELOPMENT OF PRINCIPLES AND MEANS OF DIAGNOSTICS OF COMPETENCIES FORMED WHEN STUDYING DISCIPLINES OF THE MATHEMATICAL PROFILE IN STUDENTS OF TECHNICAL SPECIALTIES
Authors: Khuda Zh. , Tonkonoh E.
Published: April 2021

The state of solving the problem of formation of mathematical competencies in the study of mathematical disciplines in technical students is clarified. Approaches to the diagnosis of mathematical training of students in the process of teaching mathematical disciplines at the university, which provide continuous, objective and timely information about the current level of mathematical training of students, as well as gaps and shortcomings in the formation of mathematical competence.

The goals of diagnostics are formulated, which should reflect the structure and content of mathematical competence as a result of mathematical training. In the structure of mathematical competence, in accordance with the content of mathematical activity, it is appropriate to consider: possession of heuristic methods of finding solutions to problems; possession of methods for solving problems; knowledge of methods of mathematical modeling, application of mathematics in other areas.

The analysis of prospects of application of automation of process of estimation of knowledge of students on the basis of computer testing is carried out that gives the chance to receive the full information on process and results of mathematical preparation of students, increase of motivation of their cognitive activity, development of reflection and skills of self-diagnostics.

The advantages and disadvantages of using automated knowledge control systems are considered. With the help of such systems the differentiation of educational material is carried out, the interrogation providing objectivity of diagnostics of knowledge is carried out, results of training of students are fixed. Automated systems are focused on in-depth assimilation of information individually by each student.
KINETICS OF EXCITATION OF A MAGNETIC FIELD IN ASYNCHRONOUS VALVE CASCADE
Authors: Klyuyev O. , Sadovoy A.
Published: April 2021

The essence of the physical processes of vector control of an asynchronous valve cascade (AVC), in particular the processes of excitation of a rotating magnetic flux, becomes clearer if this field is considered as an independent object. The nonlinearity of the system of differential equations of AVC prevents the separation and consideration of a rotating magnetic field as an independent physical object. For AVC, when the stator of asynchronous machine (AM) is powered from the network, and the rotor circuit – from the frequency converter, the problem of studying the process of creating a magnetic field was not considered. It is possible to substantiate the possibility of considering the dynamics of the magnetic flux isolated from the reaction of the active power channel, provided that the rotor is held stationary by the control system and the reactive current of the rotor is stabilized by its regulator at a certain level.

The process of magnetization of AM in the circuit AVC is mainly due to the voltage of the supply network, which significantly limits the possibility of actively influencing the formation of the reference vector of the stator flux linkage with the help of the regulator of the reactive component of the rotor current. It becomes impossible to qualitatively control the electromagnetic torque AM at the initial stage of start-up, when the stator flux linkage takes on a steady-state value after prolonged oscillations. This phenomenon leads to the need to supply a reference signal to the speed control channel when the stator flux linkage vector reaches a steady-state value when the rotor is stationary and there is no load torque on the shaft. In the article, the task is to investigate the process of excitation of the magnetic field of the AVC and the influence of the current regulator on this process at its different structures in the reactive power channel. An original method of studying the statics and dynamics of excitation of the magnetic field of the AVC is applied, the results of which allow us to conclude that to increase the stability margin of the reactive power circuit of the AVC, it is necessary to regulate the magnetizing current in the control system of this circuit instead of the reactive component of the rotor current.
Toward an Evidence-Based Approach to Building Evaluation Capacity
Authors: El Hassar Btissam , Poth Cheryl , Gokiert Rebecca , Bulut Okan
Published: April 2021

Abstract: Organizations are required to evaluate their programs for both learning and accountability purposes, which has increased the need to build their internal evaluation capacity. A remaining challenge is access to tools that lead to valid evidence supporting internal capacity development. The authors share practical insights from the development and use of the Evaluation Capacity Needs Assessment tool and framework and implications for using its data to make concrete decisions within Canadian contexts. The article refers to validity evidence generated from factor analyses and structural equation modelling and describes how applying the framework can be used to identify individual and organizational evaluation capacity strengths and gaps, concluding with practice considerations and future directions for this work.
L’évaluation évolutive, de la théorie à la pratique : perspectives de praticiens québécois
Authors: Turcotte Pier-Luc , Rey Lynda , Brousselle Astrid
Published: April 2021

Abstract: Quebec and Canadian organizations, communities, and professionals working collectively to address complex social issues in dynamic contexts are enthusiastically embracing social innovation. Some limitations in evaluating this innovation have been revealed by formative and summative evaluation approaches. Developmental evaluation (DE) could be a potential solution. This article combines scientific literature with the experience of experienced DE practitioners in Quebec. Balancing project management and evaluation, knowledge production and transformation of practices, continuous iterations and setting deadlines is at the very core of an effective DE approach.
Creating Effectiveness Principles for Principles-Focused Developmental Evaluations in Health-Care Initiatives: Lessons Learned from Three Cases in British Columbia
Authors: Iyamu Ihoghosa , Berger Mai , Ono Erika , Salmon Amy
Published: April 2021

Abstract: Principles-focused developmental evaluation is an emergent method of evaluation that is increasingly achieving relevance in initiatives seeking to transform health-care delivery within complex-adaptive systems. Creating meaningful effectiveness principles is considered a crucial first step in setting up such evaluations. In this article, we describe four practical steps that we applied in defining effectiveness principles to align with Patton’s GUIDE criteria. To illustrate our approach, this article features three principles-focused developmental evaluations implemented in British Columbia, highlighting lessons learned through the process of creating effectiveness principles.
Resisting Erasure: Photographic Archives and Black History in Canada
Authors: Lobo Rachel
Published: April 2021

This article considers the historiographical challenges brought on by dislocation and, in response, shows how longstanding Black communities in Canada have collected and preserved photographs in order to combat institutionalized modes of erasure. Specifically, it investigates the role that nineteenth century photographs play in articulating Canada as a Black transnational space—part of the discourses of the Black diaspora and Black Atlantic. The main site of this investigation is the Alvin D. McCurdy fonds at the Archives of Ontario, a collection of photographs of communities in Amherstburg, Ontario—a major terminus of the Underground Railroad. Building on recent scholarship this study investigates the discursive continuity between archive and historical narratives, and reconceptualizes the "archive" to include alternative sites and materials for the reconstruction of historically marginalized groups. These "counterarchives" can perform a recuperative role in mapping the development of communal memory and in reinterpreting dominant narratives. This article explores how photographic archives can provide crucial visual documentation of the geographies of slavery, segregation, and dispossession, spatializing acts of resistance within the Canadian landscape (McKittrick 2013).
The Use of Lecture Recordings as Study Aids in a Professional Degree Program
Authors: MacKay Jill R.D. , Murray Leigh , Rhind Susan M.
Published: April 2021

Lecture recording is now common in many educational institutions, leading to discussion about how best to support student learning. In this mixed methods study, we used a survey ( n = 46 participants), think-aloud methodologies in observed study sessions ( n = 8 participants) and recording analytics ( n = 637 recordings) to characterize how veterinary students utilize recordings during their studies. Only 48% of survey respondents considered they were more likely to use recordings as exams approached, but 78% considered they used recordings more when the topic was difficult. In the observed study sessions, students characterized their use of recordings as helping them to control their learning environment, allowing them to pause and rewind challenging topics, and as a jumping off point for future study, allowing them to structure the seeking out of additional information. In a linear model describing the recording analytics, students who had entered higher education directly from high school were more likely to watch more of a lecture than graduate entry students. In addition, the most visited lectures were also the ones with more view time ( F(5, 631) = 129.5, R2 = 0.50, p < .001). Overall, this study suggests that veterinary students were selective about their use of recordings in their study strategies, often using them to make up for deficits in their knowledge and understanding, or to supplement their experience at veterinary school. We discuss the consequences and implications for student study skills support.
The Use of Adaptive Learning Technology to Enhance Learning in Clinical Veterinary Dermatology
Authors: Putra Andhika , Gram Dunbar , Stefanou Candice , Santoro Domenico
Published: April 2021

Clinical teaching in veterinary medicine is challenging for both educators and students. There is an increasing interest in the use of technology-based techniques using adaptive learning to provide students with additional learning experiences. Few studies have evaluated the use of this technique in veterinary medical education. We hypothesized that students with access to adaptive learning modules during dermatology rotation would have significantly higher dermatology test scores compared to students who did not have access to the adaptive learning modules on the same rotation. Incoming third and fourth-year veterinary students to the dermatology rotation, who agreed to participate, were randomly assigned to treatment (provided access to 10 modules using adaptive technology during the rotation) or control group (provided no access to the modules). Study participants completed a pretest two weeks before the rotation start date and a post-test near the rotation end date and a questionnaire to assess students’ learning experience using adaptive learning modules. Students in the treatment group scored significantly higher on the posttest ( p = .019) compared to students in the control group, with an effect size of d = 0.83. Students in both groups scored significantly higher at post-test ( p < .001; d = 1.52 treatment and p = .002; d = 0.74 control) when compared to their pretest. This study shows that the tested adaptive learning platform may be an effective method to augment clinical teaching in veterinary dermatology. This study also indicates that veterinary students perceive the use of adaptive learning technology as beneficial for their education.
A Lexicological Approach to Look-up Frequency of Turkish Sign Language Dictionary Users
Authors: ÖNAL Erdem , MAKAROĞLU Bahtiyar
Published: April 2021

From the point of lexicography, the phenomenon of dictionary look-up frequencies can answer many critical questions on dictionary users’ needs and relationship between corpus data and look-up tendencies. Although there have been a number of studies on the theoretical and functional aspects of look-up frequencies in the field of spoken language to date, there remain relatively a few attempts to describe the characteristics of look-up behaviour in sign languages. This paper investigates the relationship between the frequency list of Turkish Sign Language Corpus and The Contemporary Turkish Sign Language look-up occurrences. By using an approach to the comparison of corpus data and log files, the results demonstrate that there is a very limited similarities between both of them and no positive relation for percentage of top ranked items. Moreover, this corpus-based lexicography study concludes that objective corpus based-frequency list is a comparatively poor predictor of the dictionary look-up frequency and this difference might be direct result of the morphological structure of words/signs in TİD (rather simultaneous realization) compared to Turkish (rather agglutinative morphology).
Conducting and Evaluating Reading Development Studies on A Student With Fluency Reading Problems
Authors: KESİK Cengiz , EFE KESİK Meliha
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of more than one fluent reading method and technique (repetitive reading, mumble reading, rhyming reading, reading aloud, and widening the visual spectrum) to overcome the fluent reading problem. The study tried to determine the effect of more than one fluent reading method and technique on improving a student's word recognition level, reading comprehension level, reading speed, word recognition percentage, and prosody. In line with the research's purpose, the single-subject research method, one of the quantitative research methods, was used. In the study in which the criterion sampling method, one of the purposeful sampling methods, was used, a study was conducted with a fifth-grade student who was found to have a fluent reading problem. In the study, Akyol's (2003) "Mistake Analysis Inventory" adapted from Ekwall and Sahanker (1988), "Reading Prozody Rubric" adapted by Yıldırım, Yıldız, and Ateş (2009) from Zutell and Rasinski (1991) and Akyol, Rasinski The “Rubric of Evaluating Reading Comprehension by Explaining Reading” adapted by Yıldırım, Ateş, and Çetinkaya (2014) from Rasinski and Padak (2005) was applied to the student before and after the research. The research was carried out to do fluent reading studies for 15 lesson hours with fluent reading methods and techniques determined in the school library at one-day intervals during one lesson. The data of the research were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Although there was a mathematical improvement in the word recognition level and reading comprehension level of the student studied in the study, the student could not reach the free level and remained at the level of anxiety. The study concluded that more than one fluent reading method and technique used to solve the fluent reading problem was effective in providing mathematical progress in the student's reading speed, word recognition percentage, and prosody and in reducing some reading errors observed in the student.
Analysis of Fracture Patterns and Characteristics in Sacral Insufficiency Fracture: Do Sacral Fractures Occur in Patients Who Had Previous Lumbosacral Fusion Insufficiency Fractures or Stress Fractures?
Authors: Seo Jun-Yeong , Ha Kee-Yong , Kim Young-Hoon , Park Hyung-Youl , Chang Dong-Gune , Choi Yong-Hwan , Rho Young-Ho , Kim Sang-Il
Published: April 2021

Study Design: This study is a retrospective analysis of a case.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the fracture patterns and risk factors of sacral insufficiency fractures (SIFs) to improve their diagnosis in clinical practice.Overview of Literature: SIFs occur when normal stresses are applied to a bone with decreased density, most often due to osteoporosis. Individuals who receive lumbosacral fusion procedures may also suffer from increased incidents of SIFs because of decreased bone density related to aging.Methods: In total, 55 patients with SIFs were retrospectively investigated in this study. The study population was divided into lumbosacral fusion (n=20) and non-fusion (n=35) groups. Subsequently, the patients’ demographic characteristics, comorbidities, medication history, results of diagnostic imaging studies, and bone mineral density were assessed. The fracture patterns were classified either according to the five typical types (H-pattern bilateral vertical plus horizontal component, unilateral vertical only, bilateral vertical only, unilateral vertical plus horizontal component, and horizontal only fracture) or atypical types.Results: In total, 44 of 55 patients (80%) suffered from more than one senile disease and received corresponding medications that caused secondary osteoporosis. A total of 12 patients had S1 lumbosacral fixation. Moreover, three of these 12 patients who developed a SIF immediately after a lumbosacral fracture had an unstable sacral U fracture. The remaining nine patients showed fracture patterns similar to the non-fusion patients. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) can identify fracture recurrence in previously healed fractures. In total, 24 patients (43.6%) had fractures of the pelvis, femur, and thoracolumbar spine.Conclusions: SIF develops in elderly patients with multiple adult diseases that can induce secondary osteoporosis. Such fractures may occur in the patients with instrumented lumbosacral fusion. Importantly, some patients showed stress fractures after multilevel instrumented lumbosacral fusion, whereas others showed insufficiency fractures. The different fracture patterns correspond to different grades of SIF, and SPECT/CT can easily identify the fracture status.
Stress-strain state finite element modeling of concrete foundation of a multistory brick building
Authors: Yushchube S. V. , Podshivalov I. I.
Published: April 2021

The determination of mobility of the concrete foundation on a natural subgrade is rather relevant for the strength analysis of multistory brick buildings with a spatial cross-wall structural system. During the inelastic soil behavior, its ultimate limit and elastoplastic states are allowable along the concrete foundation perimeter, the bearing capacity of the foundation being provided as a whole. In this case, it is important to adhere to the standard conditions of the foundation deformation and mobility. The finite element modeling of the stress-strain state of the concrete foundation and the building superstructure of the base-foundation-building system is performed in the MicroFe software package. A consideration of inelastic soil deformations in the natural subgrade results in unacceptable displacements of the concrete foundation.
HUBUNGAN ASUPAN MAKANAN DAN KARAKTERISTIK IBU HAMIL DENGAN KEJADIAN KEKURANGAN ENERGI KRONIS (KEK) PADA IBU HAMIL DI KOTA MATARAM
Authors: Lestari Cahaya Indah , WD Siti Mardiyah , Pamungkas Catur Esty , Masdariah Baiq
Published: April 2021

Masalah gizi di Indonesia saat ini masih merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang perlu diperhatikan. Wanita umumnya mudah menderita masalah gizi terutama selama kehamilan dan laktasi karena selama periode waktu tersebut kebutuhan gizi meningkat (Rao, et al. 2010). Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK) adalah keadaan kekurangan asupan energi dan protein pada Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) yang berlangsung secara terus menerus dan mengakibatkan gangguan kesehatan (Depkes, 2002). Data Pemantauan Status Gizi (2017) mencatat ibu hamil resiko mengalami KEK di Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) adalah 17.40%. Capaian tersebut tidak sesuai dengan target yang diharapkan yaitu tidak lebih dari 15,5%. Berdasarkan data Dinas Kesehatan Kota Mataram (2016), rata-rata prevalensi ibu hamil KEK di Kota Mataram yaitu 6.09% mengalami peningkatan menjadi 13.3% pada tahun 2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan asupan makanan dan karakteristik ibu hamil dengan kejadian KEK pada ibu hamil di Kota Mataram. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain penelitian observasional dengan rancangan pengumpulan data menggunakan crossectional. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah survei dan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil uji statistik multivariat didapatkan variabel yang paling dominan berpengaruh tentang KEK adalah asupan makanan (OR 3.76). Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan makanan dan pendapatan dengan KEK pada ibu hamil di Kota Mataram Tahun 2020 (p <0.05).Nutrition problem is one of the health problems that need attention in Indonesia. Women are generally prone to suffer from nutritional problems especially during pregnancy and lactation because nutritional needs increase during this period (Rao, et al. 2010). Chronic Energy Deficiency is a state of lack of energy and protein intake in Fertile Women which continues and causes health problems (Depkes, 2002). Nutrition Status Monitoring Data (2017) noted Chronic Energy Deficiency in pregnant women in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) approximately 17.40%. This achievement did not reach the expected target that is not more than 15.5%. Based on the data from the Health Office of Mataram City (2016), the average prevalence of  Chronic Energy Deficiency in pregnant women in Mataram City is about 6.09%. The cases increased into 13.3% in 2017. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship of food intake and characteristics of pregnant women with incidence of Chronic Energy Deficiency in pregnant women in Mataram city 2020.  The design of this study was observational with a cross-sectional design.  A survey wethode collected the data using questionnaires. Results of statistical analysis found food intake as the most variable influencing Chronic Energy Deficiency (OR 3.76). There was a significant relationship between food intake and income with KEK in pregnant women in Mataram City in 2020 (p <0.05).
Kolaborasi dan Sinergitas Antar Stakeholder dalam Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Sektor Pariwisata Di Kebun Raya Cibinong
Authors: Berliandaldo Mahardhika , Chodiq Achmad , Fryantoni Driszal
Published: April 2021

Perkembangan sektor pariwisata saat ini membutuhkan keterlibatan berbagai stakeholder dari berbagai kalangan. Peran stakeholder disesuaikan dengan tugas dan tanggungjawab yang dimiliki agar hasil yang dicapai dapat berjalan secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi para stakeholder yang terlibat dan melakukan Analisa peran stakeholder berdasarkan pengaruh (power) dan kepentingannya (interest), Selain itu, dilakukan analisis keterlibatan masing-masing stakeholder serta mengukur dampak yang terjadi atas pelaksanaan kolaborasi dan sinergitas antar stakeholder. Hasil identifikasi stakeholder menunjukan pengelompokan kedalam dua konteks yaitu stakeholder primer yang terdiri dari LIPI dan Pemerintah Kabupaten Bogor, serta stakeholder sekunder yang terdiri dari Kementerian PUPR, Dinas PUPR Kab. Bogor, Mitra Pengelola Kebun Raya, dan Pelaksana TJSL Kab. Bogor. Untuk mendukung keberhasilan dalam pengembangan pariwisata, maka dilakukan analisis peran dari masing-masing stakeholder. Hasil analisis menunjukan para stakeholder terbagi kedalam empat kategori analisis peran berdasarkan kepentingan dan Pengaruh, yakni sebagai Subyek (subjects), sebagai Pemain Kunci (key player), sebagai Pengikut Lain (crowd), dan sebagai Pendukung (Contest Setters). Pembagian peran dan tanggung jawab masing-masing stakeholder dapat mempercepat proses pembangunan sektor pariwisata yang dilakukan di Kebun Raya Cibinong. Dampak dari adanya pembangunan dan pengembangan Kebun Raya Cibinong dapat terlihat dari segi ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Hal yang paling jelas terlihat adalah adanya peningkatan penyerapan tenaga kerja dan pertumbuhan ekonomi sekitar Kawasan kebun raya, sehingga akan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat pada umumnya.
The Imagined Geography in the Philology of Erich Auerbach
Authors: Angelov Angel
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the author is to find the main motive why Auerbach chose to use the non-disciplinary term “European philologists” and what he meant by that. I argue that Auerbach’s consciousness of Europe as a historical entity was formed in the 1920s, but his exile turned this consciousness into a position. A basic question is about the symbolic geography of European culture in the works of Auerbach. The synonymous use of Europe and Abendland distinctly reveals Auerbach’s dual, unifying/divisive understanding of the identity and symbolic geography of European culture. If we accept the opinion that the European has been represented for centuries by the Romance, then the tasks of Romance philology as European philology will become clearer and the cultural geography of Europe narrower. The cultural-historical identification of Europe and Abendland after the Second World War solidified the anyway existing division of Europe in to two blocs. Literary history and philology divided Europe in the way this was done by the relevant political doctrines too. The human sciences also contributed significantly to the creation of value-attitudes, and an investigation of the former from this perspective gives us additional reason to assume that the agreement on the division of Europe after the Allied victory was not based solely on strategic interests.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS METODE ROLE PLAY PADA KEMAMPUAN MENDENGAR DAN BERBICARA BAHASA MANDARIN
Authors: Salim Noval Rianti
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas metode role play, peningkatan skill speaking dalam bentuk dialog, dan mengevaluasi kesulitan yang dihadapi mahasiswa dalam penerapan metode role play. Penulis melakukan pengamatan dan analisis terhadap pembelajaran di kelas pada mahasiswa semester 1 program studi bahasa Mandarin Sekolah Tinggi Bahasa Harapan Bersama. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik observasi, dokumentasi, serta wawancara dengan dosen pengampu mata kuliah dan mahasiswa. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa catatan perkembangan hasil belajar mahasiswa dan catatan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa menjadi lebih aktif dan termotivasi mengikuti pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode role play dalam bentuk dialog. Kesulitan dihadapi oleh mahasiswa dalam penerapan metode role play adalah pelafalan, tata bahasa, dan kelancaran dalam berbicara bahasa Mandarin. Metode ini juga memberikan dampak positif, hal ini dapat dilihat adanya peningkatan nilai ulangan harian, meningkat sebesar 0.5, dari nilai rata-rata 7.6 meningkat menjadi 8.1. Dilihat dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode role play dalam bentuk dialog dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu metode yang efektif dan menarik untuk meningkatkan skill berbicara bahasa Mandarin.Kata Kunci: Penerapan, Role play, Bahasa MandarinABSTRACTThis research aims to determine the effectiveness of the role play method, improve speaking skils in the dialogue, and evaluate the difficulties faced by students in implementing dialogue, and evaluate the difficulties faced by students in implementing the role play method.  The author conducted observation and analyzes of classrom learning in semester 1 students of the Mandarin Language Study Program at Sekolah Tinggi Bahasa Harapan Bersama for two months. Data collection was carried out by means of observation, documentation, and interviews with lecturers and students. The author uses a descriptive research method with a qualitatice approach. The result of this study indicate that students become more active and motivated to participate in learning by using the role play method in dialogue. The difficulties faced by students in implementing the role play method are pronounciation, grammar, and fluency in speaking Mandarin. This method also has a possitive impact, it can be seen that there is an increase in the daily test value, an increase of 0.5, from an average value of 7.6 to 8.1. Judging from the research results, it can be concluded that the application of the role play method in the form of dialogue can be used as an effective and interesting method to improve speaking skills in Mandarin Languague.Keywords: Application, role play, Mandarin
Evaluation of the relationship between history of lower back pain and asymmetrical trunk range of motion
Authors: Tamura Akihiro , Akasaka Kiyokazu , Otsudo Takahiro , Igarashi Hitomi , Yoshida Saori
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is a common complaint and preventive measures should be considered immediately. In addition, asymmetrical trunk motion, which occurs due to repetitive motion upon performing daily activities, may be one of the biomechanical factors to cause LBP. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of asymmetrical trunk motion in women with a history of LBP. METHODS: Thirty-four women were dichotomously categorized into either the LBP or non-LBP group. Trunk active range of motion (RoM) upon sitting and standing were measured via a three-dimensional motion analysis system. Each RoM and rotation and side-flexion asymmetries were calculated and an unpaired t-tests were used to identify differences between each group. RESULTS: Trunk rotation asymmetry upon sitting and standing position in LBP group was significantly greater than that in non-LBP group. Furthermore, trunk rotation angle upon sitting in LBP group was significantly larger than that in non-LBP group. CONCLUSIONS: The limited RoM and asymmetry of trunk rotation may be due to imposed repetitive mechanical stress on habitual excessive motion, including most asymmetrical movements. Our findings indicated that a small trunk rotation angle and asymmetrical trunk rotation may be useful parameters to predict LBP onset or other musculoskeletal conditions of the trunk.