bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of AGN feedback on the dynamics of gas; A Review across Diverse Environments
Authors: Raouf Mojtaba , Purabbas Mohammad Hossein , Fazel Hesar Fatemeh
Published: February 2024

This review examines the relationship between blackhole activity and kinematic gas-star misalignment in brightest group galaxies (BGGs) with different merger rates. The formation history of galaxy groups is assessed through "age-dating" as an indicator of distinct major mergers involving the BGG. BGGs within groups characterized by a higher frequency of major mergers are more likely to host active SMBHs. A consistent correlation is identified between the level of black hole activity, as indicated by the 1.4 GHz and 325 MHz radio emissions, and the degree of kinematic misalignment between the gas and stellar components in BGGs. In dynamically relaxed groups, where blackhole accretion rate is relatively (∼1 dex) lower due to the lack of recent ( ≤1 Gyr) major mergers, there is reduced (∼ 30%) misalignment between the gas and stellar components of BGGs compared to unrelaxed groups. Additionally, the study reveals that BGGs in unrelaxed groups show higher levels of star formation rate and increased occurrence of mergers, contributing to observed color differences. Exploring the properties and dynamics of the gas disc influenced by mechanical AGN feedback through hydrodynamic simulations suggests that AGN wind-induced effects further lead to persistent gas misalignment of the disk around the supermassive blackhole.
A Scheduler for Smart Home Appliances Based on a Novel Concept of Tariff Space
Authors: Rebouças Coutinho Luis Rodolfo , Barroso Giovanni Cordeiro , Prata Bruno
Published: February 2024

The background of this work is related to the scheduling of household appliances, taking into account variations in energy costs during the day, due to official Brazilian domestic tariffs: constant and white. The white tariff can reach an average price of around 17\% lower than the constant, but charges twice its value at peak hours. In addition to cost reduction, we propose a methodology to reduce user discomfort due to time shifting of controllable devices, presenting a balanced solution through the analytical analysis of a new method here called tariff space, derived from white tariff posts. To achieve this goal, we explore the geometric properties of the movement of devices through the tariff space (geometric locus of the load), over which we can define a limited region in which the cost of a load under the white tariff will be equal to or less than the constant tariff. As a trial for the efficiency of this new methodology, we collected some benchmarks (such as execution time and memory usage) against a classic multi-objective algorithm (Hierarchical) available in the language portfolio in which the project has been executed (Julia language). As a result, both methodologies achieve similar results, but the one presented in this article shows a significant reduction in processing time and memory usage, which could lead to the future implementation of the solution in a simple, low-cost embedded system like an ARM cortex M.
A New Theory of Tree Sap Flow
Authors: Török András , Máthé Domokos , Hegedus Imre
Published: February 2024

The theory of water transport in trees, according to which the main driving force of water movement is the suction created by the evaporation of water by the meniscus (the curved surface of the capillary liquid column) on the evaporating elements, supported from below by root pressure, is flawed. The capillary effect in nature is around one meter. In the case of open-air gaps, the leaf cannot suck in the water against gravity because, in this case, the plant would not be sucking in water, but air through the open-air gap. If not, how do trees transport water? When evaporation occurs, there is no suction towards the canopy, but pressure is due to a reduction in the cross-section of the water pipe caused by heat loss through evaporation. At night, when evaporation stops, a thermal equilibration process is triggered, which restores the original cross-section of the pipe. This generates suction and draws water from the soil. As the hydrostatic pressure in the pipe is high for tall trees, the pipe is cut off. To prove my theory, I have given several examples. Water transport is not based on physical mechanical laws alone. There may be complex physiological, biochemical, and biophysical processes behind the operation of the pipe system.
The Soluble Human Leukocyte Antigen-G Levels in Amniotic Fluid and Maternal Serum Correlate with the Feto-Placental Growth in Uncomplicated Pregnancies
Authors: Vincze Márió , Sikovanyecz Jr. János , Suranyi Andrea , Foldesi Imre , Várbíró Szabolcs , Németh Gábor , Kozinszky Zoltan , Sikovanyecz János
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The trophoblast derived angiogenic factors are considered to play an important role in the pathophysiology of various complications of pregnancy. The aim of this study was to establish relationship between concentrations of soluble Human Leukocyte Antigen-G (sHLA-G) in maternal serum and amniotic fluid at 16-22 weeks of gestation and the sonographic measurements of the fetal and placental growth.
Materials and methods: sHLA-G in serum and amniotic fluid, as well as fetal biometric data and placental volume and perfusion indices were determined in 41 uncomplicated singleton pregnancies.
Results: The sHLA-G levels were unchanged both in amniotic fluid and in serum during mid-pregnancy. The sHLA-G level in serum correlated positively with amniotic sHLA-G level (β=0.63, p<0.01). Significant correlation was found between serum sHLA-G level and abdominal measurement (β=0.41, p<0.05) and estimated fetal weight (β=0.41, p<0.05). The amniotic sHLA-G level and placental perfusion (VI: β = -0.34, p<0.01 and VFI: β = -0.44, p<0.01, respectively) were negatively interrelated. A low amniotic sHLA-G level was significantly associated with nuchal translucency (r = -0.102, p<0.05).
Conclusions: sHLA-G assayed in amniotic fluid might be a potential indicator for placental function, whereas the sHLA-G level in serum can be a prognostic modality for feto-placental insufficiency.
Prevention of food allergies: current trends
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow Russian Federation, Cheburkin A.A. , Kiseleva E.S. ,   SweetMilk LLC, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

An elimination diet is one of the main measures to prevent flares of different food allergies. Primary prophylaxis of food allergies aims to form tolerance and prevent sensitization to food allergens in infants prone to allergies. Pediatric recommendations for the prevention of food allergies based on elimination diets with conventional formulas replaced by hydrolyzed formulas have been revised in the last decade. Currently, the exclusion of food allergens from the mother's diet, as well as administration of vitamins, prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics during pregnancy and breastfeeding are not recommended to prevent food allergies in infants. The age between 4 and 6 months is believed to be optimal for introducing complementary foods. It is still not recommended to use soy formula in infants under 6 months of age and use cow milk-based formulas in infants with a risk of allergy during their first week of life. There are no recommendations on any specific formulas to prevent allergy: it is possible to use both hydrolyzed and conventional formulas. Among the latter, goat milk-based formulas have a number of advantages. The assessment of the preventive effect of goat milk-based formulas, and particularly those containing the 2'-FL oligosaccharide, is undoubtedly promising. Key words: infants, allergy, allergy prevention, food allergy, goat milk, 2'-FL oligosaccharide
The incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in the Central Federal District of Russia. Clinical cases of severe course of the disease in children
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Gerasimov S.G. ,   M.P.Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immunobiological Drugs of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Polio Institute), Moscow, Russian Federation, Druzhinina T.A. ,   Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Shishkina L.A. ,   The Department of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being in the Yaroslavl Region, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Andrekayte N.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Kanshina N.N. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Kolaeva N.V. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Smirnova L.V. ,   Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Kostroma region, Kostroma, Russian Federation, Razumovsky S.L. ,   Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Kostroma region, Kostroma, Russian Federation, Kolyasnikova N.M. ,   M.P.Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immunobiological Drugs of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Polio Institute), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

This study shows the epidemiological situation of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in the regions of the Central Federal District (CFD) of Russia for 2008-2020, including the morbidity in different age groups, children and adolescents. The highest rate was recorded in the Kostroma region – 5.43 ± 0.78 per 100 thousand population, followed by the Yaroslavl and Tver regions – 1.03 ± 0.21 and 0.49 ± 0.08 per 100 thousand, respectively. The incidence tends to decrease, which is more pronounced in the Yaroslavl region. The proportion of children and adolescents among patients with TBE in the Central Federal District regions is 5–11.3%. In the Yaroslavl region, mostly townspeople get sick, in the Kostroma region – rural residents. The structure of clinical forms of TBE in both regions is dominated by febrile forms, however, the proportion of focal forms remains high – over 15% and the proportion of meningeal forms decreases. In Moscow and the Moscow region, isolated local cases of TBE infection have been registered since 2011, which requires strengthening anti-epidemic measures. In the described clinical cases, a severe focal form of the disease was noted in children, in the first it ended with the formation of consequences in the form of symptomatic epilepsy, in the second – with a fatal outcome. Doctors of various profiles in endemic regions should be wary of TBE, and it is important to adhere to the correct tactics of managing patients with suspected infection. Key words: childhood morbidity, vaccination, tick-borne encephalitis, clinical forms, deaths, severe duration in children, Central Federal District
Representing the Queen When the Queen Is Missing: The Duchess of Angoulême and Louis XVIII
(1799-1824)
Authors: Mensch Matthieu
Published: February 2024

This article argues that the Duchess of Angoulême, born Marie-Thérèse Charlotte de France, daughter of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie-Antoinette, took on the role of substitute queen during the reign of her uncle, King Louis XVIII. The King, widower of Marie-Joséphine de Savoie, realised well before his wife’s death the importance of having a female figure by his side. Although the King’s niece was born a Fille de France and did not wear the royal crown, the iconography commissioned by Louis gave her all the prerogatives of queenship, at least in appearance, and so helped shape a blurred and complex image of a royal couple such as had never been seen before.
Regulação de plataformas digitais: uma agenda propositiva a luz dos leading cases de judicial review no Brasil e nos EUA
Authors: Lírio do Valle Vanice Regina
Published: February 2024

Este texto procede à análise comparativa entre os Leading cases apresentados à Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos (Gonzalez v. Google LCC. e Twitter Inc. v. Taamneh) e ao Supremo Tribunal Federal no Brasil (RE 1.037.396 e 1.057.258), relacionados à responsabilidade civil de plataformas digitais pela publicação de conteúdos nocivos. A despeito de um contexto normativo diferente em cada qual dos países, o desenho das preocupações principais relacionadas ao prejuízo potencial oportunizado por um regime de responsabilidade civil leniente é útil ao refinamento de uma potencial decisão judicial, ou mesmo a regulação a ser trazida pelo Legislativo. O texto também destaca os momentos preferenciais, no processo de publicação, para se empreender à moderação de conteúdo, indicando aspectos aparentemente secundarizados no debate judicial. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida segundo uma metodologia descritiva em relação aos casos em pauta, e uma aproximação propositiva em relação a aspectos sensíveis da pretendida regulação.
AOA Critical Issues: The Status of the Vice Chair Position in Orthopaedic Surgery Departments in 2023
Authors: Goldfarb Charles A. , Salazar Dane H.
Published: February 2024

The vice chair position in orthopaedic surgery departments has become increasingly prevalent over the last 10 years. Prior to this development, there were few, if any, vice chairs to support the chairperson position. The vice chair role has increased in importance as a result of increasing practice size and the increasing complexity of the health-care environment. The goal of this review was to summarize the current status of the vice chair position within orthopaedic surgery departments and to share the variety of vice chair roles that exist today.
Architectural Design for Data Security in Cloud-based Big Data Systems
Authors: Jamali Mujeeb-ur-Rehman , Ali Najma Imtiaz , Memon Abdul Ghafoor , Maree Mujeeb-u-Rehman , Jamali Aadil
Published: February 2024

التصميم المعماري للنظام هو عملية إبداعية بعد كل شيء. المتطلبات غير الوظيفية وبنية البرامج لها علاقة قوية. يعد أمن النظام أحد الشواغل الكبيرة وهو حاجة ومتطلب غير وظيفي. يجب أن يعتمد الأسلوب والهيكل المعماري المختاران للنظام على متطلبات النظام غير الوظيفية. تُستخدم تقنيات البيانات الضخمة لتخزين كميات هائلة من البيانات التشغيلية في المجال العام. تم اقتراح مخططات هيكل وسلوك النظام التي تستخدم تصميمًا معماريًا آمنًا لنظام يعمل عبر السحابة. تم التحقيق في مكونات مختلفة من البيانات الضخمة في هذا العمل البحثي نظرًا لخطورة القضايا الأمنية التي تركز على الخصوصية والسرية. يعد تأمين البيانات عبر السحابة التي يتم الاستعانة بمصادر خارجية لها مصدر قلق متزايد. هناك مسؤولو قواعد بيانات ضارة من الخارج ومن الداخل يمكنهم الوصول إلى البيانات الخاصة والحساسة وتعديلها ، وبالتالي يمكن أن يكون مزود خدمة قاعدة البيانات مخادعًا. آليات الأمان مطلوبة بالضرورة لحماية البيانات الحساسة الموجودة على السحابات العامة. على مستوى التطبيق ، يضمن الحل المقترح خصوصية وسرية البيانات الموجودة على السحابة. تم إجراء اختبارات مكثفة ، وكانت نتائج هذا البحث كما يلي: كشفت النتائج المسجلة عن اختلافات ذات دلالة إحصائية في النص العادي ومحتويات الوسائط المتعددة (أي الصوت والفيديو) مع قياس الوقت بالمللي ثانية لمجموعات البيانات الصغيرة والمتوسطة والكبيرة.
An Automated Wavelet Scattering Network Classification Using Three Stages of Cataract Disease
Authors: Al-Saadi Enas Hamood , Khdiar Ahmed Nidhal , Al-Saadi Lamis Hamood
Published: February 2024

إعتام عدسة العين وهو مرض يصيب العين حيث يسبب تشوهًا بصريًا ويمكن أن تؤدي المرحلة المتأخرة من هذا المرض إلى العمى. ويعتبر مرضًا صامتًا يمكن أن يحدث دون ظهور الأعراض.  لذلك ، فإن الطريقة الأكثر فاعلية للكشف عن إعتام عدسة العين هي من خلال الكشف الدقيق في الوقت المناسب لمنع الأذى والعمى والعمليات المكلفة. ان الغرض من هذه البحث هو اقتراح نظام آلي يعتمد على شبكة نثر المويجات التي تصنف المرضى إلى أربع فئات: إعتام عدسة العين المبكر وإعتام عدسة العين المتوسط وإعتام عدسة العين المتأخر وعدم إعتام عدسة العين باستخدام 512 صورة لقاعدة البيانات ODIR (212 شخص مصاب و300 شخص غير مصاب). الخطوة الأولى في هذه التقنية هي خطوة المعالجة المسبقة لصورة الشبكية التي كانت عبارة عن مرشح المتوسط ، والذي تم استخدامه لتقليل ضوضاء الصورة. ثم بعد ذلك استخدام طريقة معادلة الرسم البياني التكيفية محدودة التباين (CLAHE) لتحسين مستوى عينات الصورة. بعد ذلك ، يمكن استخراج الخصائص منخفضة التباين من بيانات الصورة باستخدام شبكة تشتت المويجات لاستخدامها في تطبيقات التعلم العميق. في هذه الشبكة ، يتم استخدام مرشحات تحجيم تمرير منخفض وموجات موجية محددة مسبقًا. كان متوسط دقة الطريقة المقترحة 100٪ لأربع فئات (غير مصاب، مبكر، متوسط، شديد). علما ان النتائج موعودة مقارنة مع أعمال أخرى مماثلة.
Isolation and Identification of Flavonoid Compounds from Euphorbia Milii Plant Cultivated in Iraq and Evaluation of its Genetic Effects on Two Types of Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Salman Z. O. , Alwash Bushra M.J. , Kadhim E. J.
Published: February 2024

يعتبر "تاج الأشواك" أو نبات شوكة المسيح، وهو من نباتات الزينة الطبية ، ينتمي إلى جنس يوفوربيا. E. milii يحتوي كميات وفيرة من المركبات الفينولية ، التربينات، الستيرويدات والقلويدات. كانت الأهداف الرئيسية لهذه الدراسة هي فحص مستخلصات الفلافونويد والنانو فلافونويد ضد نوعين من خطوط الخلايا السرطانية. تم تصنيع مركبات الفلافونويد النانوية عن طريق تفاعل مركب الكيتوسان والماليك اسد. تم تحليل مركبات الفلافونويد النانوية بواسطة مقياس الطيف الضوئي UV-sp -8001 بطول موجي 200-1000 نانومتر ، تم استخدام المجهر الإلكتروني (TEM) والمجهري الإلكتروني الماسح(SEM) لتحديد الخصائص المورفولوجية لمركبات الفلافونويد النانوية. يعتبر الفلافونويد والنانوفلافونويدعقار قوي ومتطور ضد خلايا سرطان الثدي (MCF-7) وخلايا سرطان البروستات(PC3) . تم فحص الفعالية المضادة للسرطان من مركبات الفلافونويد والنانوفلافونويد على خطين مختلفين من الخلايا السرطانية وكذلك خطوط الخلايا السليمة باستخدام اختبار MTT. تم استخدام تجزئة الحمض النووي وتقنية تلوين الخلايا بالصبغة المزدوجة AO / EtBr  لفحص علامات موت الخلايا المبرمج. لتحديد تشتت دورة الخلية ، تم استخدام قياس التدفق الخلوي ، وأظهرت النتائج  أن كميات الفلافونويد والنانوفلافونويد لها نشاطا ساما وفعالا ضد خطوط خلايا سرطان الثدي والبروستات. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، تم ربط إيقاف دورة الخلية في مرحلة G0 / G1 بموت الخلايا المبرمج لخطوط الخلايا التي يسببها الفلافونويد والنانوفلافونويد. وفقًا لهذه النتائج ، تمنع مركبات الفلافونويد والنانوفلافونويد من تكاثر خطوط الخلايا السرطانية ، مما يؤدي إلى توقف دورة الخلية وتحفيز موت الخلايا المبرمج. تشير النتائج المتاحة إلى أن مركب الفلافونويد والنانوفلافونويد سيمثل نهجًا علاجيًا واعدًا لعلاج الخلايا السرطانية من الأنواع الأخرى.
El aporte de la comunicación intercultural en el proceso de inserción cultural de los beneficiarios de Beca 18 en los centros de estudio: UNMSM, UNALM y UPCH
Authors:   , Ortega Gomez Graciela Esperanza
Published: February 2024

La importancia del enfoque de la comunicación intercultural en los programas del estado peruano focalizados en la educación universitaria que tienen como objetivo principal lograr la inclusión social e igualdad de oportunidades resulta clave en esta investigación. En este artículo académico se estudiaron las bases del programa nacional Beca 18 de Pronabec, que según sus políticas se basa en la inclusión social a jóvenes peruanos que sobresalen por sus buenas calificaciones en el colegio durante la secundaria, sin embargo, no pueden acceder a una educación universitaria de calidad debido a que pertenecen a un sector de la población con escasos recursos económicos. Mediante un estudio no experimental – Transversal, de alcance correlacional realizado a través de entrevistas a profundidad a 10 becarios migrantes que se encuentran estudiando actualmente en universidades públicas y privadas de la capital, se buscó entender el proceso de inserción por el cual han pasado y contrastarlo con las estrategias de comunicación intercultural que plantea Pronabec. El principal resultado obtenido a partir de este estudio indica que el enfoque intercultural no está lo suficientemente estructurado y el acompañamiento a los becarios no es constante en todo el proceso de inserción cultural.
Determinación de la temperatura referencial del tendón flexor digital superficial anterior mediante termografía durante tendinitis con ruptura y sin ruptura de fibras en caballos de carrera del Hipódromo de Monterrico
Authors:   , Loor Barrezueta Gabriel Andrés
Published: February 2024

El siguiente estudio tiene como objetivo establecer y comparar la temperatura referencial que presenta el tendón flexor digital superficial (TFDS) durante procesos de tendinitis intrínsecas, con y sin ruptura de sus fibras respectivamente en caballos de carrera. Para la medición de dichas temperaturas se utilizó la termografía como técnica diagnóstica. Se separaron los pacientes en dos grupos, el primer grupo conformado por pacientes con tendinitis del TFDS con ruptura de fibras y el segundo grupo conformado por pacientes con tendinitis del TFDS sin ruptura de fibras. Los caballos que presentaron signos clínicos de tendinitis fueron evaluados mediante Termografía y posteriormente Ecografía para confirmar si efectivamente entraban al estudio y determinar a qué grupo serían dirigidos. El estudio se llevó a cabo con 20 caballos con presencia de tendinitis del TFDS anterior unilateral en el Hipódromo de Monterrico. Se encontró una mayor temperatura referencial en el caso de la tendinitis con ruptura comparada a la tendinitis sin ruptura con promedios de 35.25°C ±1.47 y 32.87°C ±2.27 con p<0.05 respectivamente. Esto es debido al considerable aumento de la circulación sanguínea local y metabolismo celular en la zona de lesión.
Diseño y validación de primers para el gen PRM3 en alpacas
Authors:   , Medranda Rocha Bruna
Published: February 2024

Hasta la fecha no se ha anotado al gen PRM3 en el genoma de la alpaca, a pesar de su potencial relación con la motilidad espermática y su potencial utilidad para la selección y reproducción. El objetivo del presente estudio fue diseñar primers para amplificar por PCR convencional el gen PRM3 en alpacas. Los primers fueron diseñados empleando el programa Primer-BLAST y seleccionados con el programa OligoAnalyzer. De los 10 pares de primers diseñados, seleccionamos a los dos mejores de acuerdo al tamaño del amplicón (240 y 328pb) y sus propiedades termodinámicas (espontaneidad de hairpin y dímeros). Con el fin de validar los primers diseñados se realizaron pruebas de PCR convencional usando ADN genómico extraído a partir de tejido testicular. Los productos de PCR fueron corridos mediante electroforesis horizontal en gel agarosa al 2% y visualizados con SafeView Classic (abm®). Las bandas a tamaño esperado permitieron comprobar que el diseño de primers fue exitoso. Se concluyó que fue posible diseñar primers in silico para el gen PRM3 en alpaca y validarlos experimentalmente mediante PCR convencional.
Comités de vigilancia ambiental del proyecto minero La Granja y la prevención de conflictos socioambientales en Cajamarca (2016)
Authors:   , Ormeño Torres Carmen Angela
Published: February 2024

El propósito del estudio fue demostrar que los Comités de Vigilancia Ambiental (CVA) son capaces de prevenir los conflictos socioambientales que pudieran generarse por el Proyecto Minero La Granja en Cajamarca durante el año 2016. El tipo de estudio fue básico de nivel descriptivo de corte transversal. Para el estudio se desarrolló el método deductivo-explicativo. En el estudio se identificó: alteraciones en el aire, suelo y agua generados por el Proyecto Minero La Granja en Cajamarca que influyen significativamente en la reducción de las fuentes de conflictividad socioambiental; el uso de tecnologías y conocimientos alternativos para realizar monitoreo en la ejecución de tareas correctivas por parte del Proyecto Minero La Granja influyen significativamente en el cumplimiento de los acuerdos conjuntos; la participación de los Comités de Vigilancia Ambiental disminuyen la desconfianza de la población e influyen significativamente y conlleva a que el Proyecto Minero La Granja actúe con transparencia y asuma compromiso de mejorar sus actuales condiciones de vida; la participación de la riqueza generada por el Proyecto Minero La Granja influyen significativamente para que la población afectada ejerza su derecho social y no sea criminalizada por el Estado, violando los Derechos Humanos contemplados. Como conclusión, la hipótesis general que los Comités de Vigilancia Ambiental del Proyecto Minero La Granja influyen significativamente en prevenir los conflictos socioambientales en Cajamarca en el año 2016 fue aceptada.
Pengembangan Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) untuk Meningkatkan Daya Saing Mahasiswa di UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung
Authors: Hawwin Muzakki
Published: February 2024

UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung has implemented the MBKM curriculum, one of the strategies to increase student competitiveness. One of the aspects developed to improve student competitiveness is the ability of soft skills, hard skills, intrapersonal intelligence, and interpersonal intelligence. It is interesting to see the curriculum development using the ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate) model lens. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with the type of case study research, this research explores how to analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate the development of the MBKM Curriculum at UIN SATU Tulungagung. In conclusion, the analysis aspects of the MBKM curriculum are: analyzing the Vision and Mission, reading industry needs, global capabilities, and learning objectives. The MBKM curriculum design is 4 semesters of learning in Study Programs, 1 semester of Learning outside the Study Program in Higher Education, 2 semesters of learning outside of Higher Education, then 1 semester of Final Project. The development of the MBKM Curriculum at UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung includes 8 BKP (Forms of Learning Activities) to improve hard skills. Soft skills, interpersonal skills, and intrapersonal skills. Implementing the MBKM Curriculum is carried out in stages. It continues until semester 6 through the Permata PTKIN program evaluation of the MBKM curriculum: sharing with users, student feedback, and direct observation.
A Machine Learning Approach for Predicting Stunting in Under Five Children: The Case of Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Asad Muhammad , Zouq Aqsa
Published: February 2024

Stunting in children less than five years of age is widely recognized as a major health problem in most of the developing countries of the world including Pakistan. It is considered as one of the contributing factors of death and multiple diseases. Pakistan has been reported to have one of the highest levels of prevalence of child malnutrition as compared to other developing countries as four out of ten children are stunted. Studies regarding prediction of nutrition status of children and identification of factors that lead to stunting have the potential to reveal great insights in the domain of healthcare informatics. This study identifies stunting in under-five children and also finds the association of demographics, socioeconomic and maternal characteristics that leads to stunting. The study is validated using nutrition-related attributes from Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey dataset. Machine learning based data driven model is trained to classify a child as normal or stunted. Results reveal that out of the selected attributes residence, wealth index, mother’s education, child’s age, and height are strong predictors of stunting. Results also show that the model can be used to predict various nutrition related problems in children using the survey dataset. The analysis of several evaluation metrics concludes that among four classifiers SVM outperforms with an average accuracy of 98.5%.
WITHDRAWN: Understanding the signalling pathway of the GnRH receptor: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Paspali Elpiniki , Kubiak-Ossowska Karina , Ferro Valerie Anne , Mulheran Paul Alexander
Published: February 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors since they no longer stand by the findings/conclusions of this work. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Highest informative density of a TIN model
Authors: Nevalainen Paavo Tapani , Virjonen Petra , Salmivaara Aura , Holmström Eero , Heikkonen Jukka
Published: February 2024

A point cloud (PC) source is useful for micro-topography, if the shortest spatial wavelength it carries is enough for a particular registration task. This wavelengthvaries a lot due to different scanning methodologies and environmentalconditions. We propose an automated procedure for approximating the highest meaningful density of a PC in order to produce relatively noiseless ground models.This density limit can serve as a set target for existing thinningprocedures of large PC archives. Three methods to approximate the highest meaningful density are being compared:mean absolute error (MAE) of the triangulated irregular network (TIN) fit, minimum description length (MDL) and direct spatial wavelength registration (DWR). Each method is computationally expensive but can be subjected to a small set of local samples of a possibly large PC archive. Natural data samples were: a photogrammetric PC and a detail of it,and an aerial laser scan (ALS), all from the same forest site. The pipeline for finding a suggested minimum PC density has n log n complexity in terms of original PC size n. DWR found a wavelength range 5 ... 14 m from a synthetic case with the wavelength of 13 m. All methods give mean TIN edge length0.05 ... 0.1 m corresponding well with a published choice 0.2 m.
Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome/veno-occlusive disease (SOS/VOD) primary prophylaxis in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Sousa-Pimenta Mário , Martins Ângelo , Vaz Carlos Pinho , Leite Luís , Mariz José
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome/veno-occlusive disease (SOS/VOD) is a major complication following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, resulting from immune and chemical toxicity to the sinusoidal endothelium and hepatocellular damage. In most severe cases, multiorgan dysfunction occurs, so it is essential to promptly identify patients at greater risk of SOS/VOD and to adopt prophylactic strategies.

Objectives: This study aims to systematize the impact of different approaches as primary prophylaxis of SOS/VOD in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials evaluating different strategies for primary prophylaxis of SOS/VOD was carried out in a pairwise fashion and with a consistent network structure. The odds ratio (OR) and corresponding confidence intervals were calculated using the random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed by the I2 method and the efficacy of each approach was estimated by SUCRA (surface under the cumulative ranking curve).

Results: Considering all patients undergoing HSCT, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) [OR=0.38, 95%CI 0.14-1.06, SUCRA=0.720] was associated with a lower incidence of VOD while defibrotide reached a modest reduction in its incidence [OR=0.64, 95%CI 0.23-1.67; SUCRA=0.486]. Considering the subgroup of patients undergoing hematopoietic progenitors allotransplantation, defibrotide scored higher [OR=0.51, 95%CI 0.09-2.85, SUCRA=0.650], by comparison with UDCA [OR=0.53, 95%CI 0.14-1.96, SUCRA=0.639].

Conclusion: This is the first meta-analysis comparing primary prophylaxis of SOS/VOD. UDCA yielded more promising results when considering all patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, although, in a subgroup analysis of the ones exposed to allogeneic grafts, it becomes not significantly overrun by defibrotide.
Group-based versus individual-based exercise therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis: study protocol for a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lopes Clécio Lima , Lopes Amanda Virgínia Souza Lima , Azevedo Rebeca Cajueiro , de Souza Francis Trombini , Silva Tarcisio Fulgêncio Alves da
Published: February 2024

Background
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most prevalent health issues, affecting approximately 67% of women over 60 years old. Clinical guidelines recommend individualized muscle training to treat this condition. However, a lack of human and financial resources hinders the delivery of this treatment. In response to this limitation, group training may be an alternative. Nevertheless, there are no studies aiming to compare the effectiveness of group training to individual training. Therefore, this study aims to compare the non-inferiority of a group-delivered muscle training program to the same individually delivered training in clinical and functional aspects in elderly women with KOA.
Methods
This is a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial with two arms, parallel groups, blinded evaluator, conducted in Petrolina - PE, evaluating women aged 60 or older. Participants randomly assigned will undergo an eight-week training, either in individual sessions (Control Group - IB) or as part of a group (Intervention Group - GB) of four participants, supervised by a physical therapist. Blind assessments at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and four weeks post-intervention will include feasibility, safety, and satisfaction analysis of the training program; pain; quality of life; and physical function. Data will be analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Estimated marginal means of each clinical and functional outcome for both groups (IB and GB) will be compared using mixed-effects generalized linear models. The primary analysis will test our main hypothesis that group training is non-inferior to individualized training regarding the primary outcome: relative reduction (%) in the WOMAC questionnaire pain subscale. Confidence intervals of 95% will be calculated. A significance level of p < 0.05 will be adopted in all analyses.
Discussion
Expected results suggest that a group-based approach is not inferior to an individual one in this population.
Trial registration; Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC) ID: RBR-5bq9jh3. Registered on 18 August 2023. Link: http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br; Universal Trial Number (UTN) of World Health Organization: U1111-1289-2580.
LILRB4 regulates multiple myeloma development through STAT3-PFKFB1 pathway
Authors: Zheng Jun-Ke , Xie Li , Chen Chiqi , Zhang Tinghua , Yang Wenqian , Zheng Denghao , Cao Liyuan , Yuan Jin , Xu Yilu , Zhang Yaping , Liu Ligen , Liang Aibin , Yu Zhuo
Published: February 2024

Although multiple myeloma (MM) responds well to immunotherapeutic treatment, certain portions of MM are still unresponsive or relapse after immunotherapy. Other immune molecules are needed for the immunotherapy of MM. Here, we revealed that leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B4 (LILRB4) was highly expressed in multiple myeloma cell lines and patient samples and that the expression of LILRB4 was adversely correlated with the overall survival of MM patients. Knockdown of LILRB4 efficiently delayed the growth of MM cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, IKZF1 transactivated LILRB4 expression to trigger the downstream of STAT3-PFKFB1 pathways to support MM cell proliferation. Blockade of LILRB4 signaling by functional antibodies can effectively inhibit MM progression. Our data show that targeting LILRB4 is potentially an additional therapeutic strategy for the immunotherapeutic treatment of MM.
Keratin 17 modulates the immune topography of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Delgado-Coka Lyanne A. , Horowitz Michael , Torrente-Goncalves Mariana , Roa-Peña Lucia , Leiton Cindy V. , Hasan Mahmudul , Babu Sruthi , Fassler Danielle , Oentoro Jaymie , Bai Ji-Dong Karen , Petricoin Emanuel F , Matrisian Lynn M. , Blais Edik Matthew , Marchenko Natalia , Allard Felicia D. , Jiang Wei , Larson Brent , Hendifar Andrew , Chen Chao , Abousamra Shahira , Samaras Dimitris , Kurc Tahsin , Saltz Joel , Escobar-Hoyos Luisa F. , Shroyer Kenneth
Published: February 2024

Background:
The immune microenvironment impacts tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and patient survival and may provide opportunities for therapeutic intervention in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Although never studied as a potential modulator of the immune response in most cancers, Keratin 17 (K17), a biomarker of the most aggressive (basal) molecular subtype of PDAC, is intimately involved in the histogenesis of the immune response in psoriasis, basal cell carcinoma, and cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Thus, we hypothesized that K17 expression could also impact the immune cell response in PDAC, and that uncovering this relationship could provide insight to guide the development of immunotherapeutic opportunities to extend patient survival.
Methods:
Multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) and automated image analysis based on novel computational imaging technology were used to decipher the abundance and spatial distribution of T cells, macrophages, and tumor cells, relative to K17 expression in 235 PDACs.
Results:
K17 expression had profound effects on the exclusion of intratumoral CD8 + T cells and was also associated with decreased numbers of peritumoral CD8 + T cells, CD16 + macrophages, and CD163 + macrophages (p < 0.0001). The differences in the intratumor and peritumoral CD8 + T cell abundance were not impacted by neoadjuvant therapy, tumor stage, grade, lymph node status, histologic subtype, nor KRAS, p53, SMAD4, or CDKN2A mutations.
Conclusions:
Thus, K17 expression correlates with major differences in the immune microenvironment that are independent of any tested clinicopathologic or tumor intrinsic variables, suggesting that targeting K17-mediated immune effects on the immune system could restore the innate immunologic response to PDAC and might provide novel opportunities to restore immunotherapeutic approaches for this most deadly form of cancer.
Incompleteness and misclassification of maternal deaths in Zimbabwe: data from two reproductive age mortality surveys, 2007-08 and 2018-19
Authors: Musarandega Reuben , Nystrom Lennarth , Murewanhema Grant , Gwanzura Chipo , Ngwenya Solwayo , Pattinson Robert , Machekano Rhoderick , Munjanja Stephen Peter
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Reducing maternal mortality is a high-priority global health goal, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where the maternal mortality ratios (MMRs) of most of the countries is higher than the average global MMR. We implemented two cross-sectional reproductive age mortality surveys, in 2007-08 and 2018-19, to assess changes in the MMR and causes of death in Zimbabwe after a raft of interventions implemented to reduce maternal mortality. This paper analysed the missingness and misclassification of deaths in the surveys.
Methods: We compared percentages of missed deaths in each survey using the Chi-square test. The risk ratios of missing deaths in different data sources in each survey were calculated using log-linear regression models. Proportions of misclassified deaths were compared using Fisher’s exact test and sensitivity and specificity of incompleteness and misclassification of deaths compared using the six-box method and the Chi-square test.
Results: The proportion of missed pregnancy-related deaths decreased from 27% in 2007-08 to 18% in 2018-19 (p=0.044) and the proportion of missed maternal deaths decreased from 30% in 2007-08 to 19% in 2018-19. Misclassification of maternal deaths in health records was 17% in 2007-08 and 8.5% in 2018-19 (p=0.160). The proportion of pregnancy-related deaths identified through health records increased from 11% in 2007-08 to 60% in 2018-19 (p<0.001). Sensitivity of incompleteness and misclassification of deaths was 95% in 2007-08 and 77% in 2018-19, and specificity was 29% and 83% respectively.
Conclusion: Incompleteness and misclassification of maternal deaths are still a challenge in Zimbabwe. Maternal death studies must triangulate data sources to improve the completeness of data and efforts to reduce misclassification of deaths should continue to improve maternal mortality estimates.
Segmented and actuated tool electrode for transverse wave flushing in sinking electrical discharge machining (S-EDM)
Authors: Uhlmann Eckart , Ludwig Jonas , Lahoda Christian , Westhoff Bela Schulte , Maas Jürgen
Published: February 2024

In sinking electrical discharge machining (S-EDM), high-precision manufacturing processes require numerous tool electrodes for compensating excessive tool electrode wear. The manufacturing of tool electrodes leads to high costs and process times within the process chain. A novel approach is the segmentation of the tool electrode for a variable shaping, which is realised by an actuation of single tool electrode segments using miniaturised linear actuators to perform the roughing process. In addition, the segmentation of the tool electrode allows the implementation of novel flushing strategies. During the process debris particles emerge in the working gap, which need to be flushed out to improve the process conditions and maximise the material removal rate MRR. In this study, the generation of transverse waves is experimentally analysed in a test setup and was modelled in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate the flushing behaviour of 25 actuated single tool electrode segments. The experimental series showed a direct fluid movement with maximum fluid velocities of vs,max = 62.5 mm/s in the working gap with an actuated amplitude A = 1.5 mm and a frequency f = 5 Hz. This allows a novel efficient flushing strategy in S-EDM to remove debris particles out of the working gap for an increasing material removal rate.
Enhancing soil health and fruit yield through Tephrosia biomass mulching in rainfed guava (Psidium guajava L.) orchards
Authors: Ali Abeer , Das Bikash , Dhakar M. K. , Naik S. K. , Patel V. B. , Mishra G. P.
Published: February 2024

Tephrosia candida, a leguminous green manuring crop, exhibits superior biomass production and notably higher concentrations of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and essential micronutrients. The research was undertaken to standardize the quantity of Tephrosia candida biomass for mulching in high density guava orchard. The experiment was initiated in the year 2019 comprising of four treatments viz. T1 = 3.0 kg dry biomass per square meter of the plant basin, T2 = 2.0 kg dry biomass per square meter of the plant basin, T3 = 1.0 kg dry biomass per square meter of the plant basin and T4 = control (No mulch). The treatments were imposed in the plant basin of a 12-year-old guava (cultivar: Allahabad Safeda) orchard planted at a spacing of 1.0m x 2.0m, accommodating 5000 plants per hectare. Each treatment was replicated five times. The present investigation recorded the data pertaining to the effects of the treatments during the third year of experimentation. Mulching with 3 kg of biomass per m2 resulted in hastening of the winter bud stage by 29.17 days, increase in trunk diameter by 50.47%, fruit yield of winter crop by 42.25%, fruit weight by 11.00%, specific leaf area by 18% over the control. Moreover, there were notable increases in the levels of leaf total chlorophyll, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc and manganese. Additionally, there was a marked reduction in total anthocyanin content of the leaves during the winter dormancy. Biomass mulching at rates of 3.0 kg/m2 or 2.0 kg/m2 significantly improved soil properties, including EC, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, DTPA extractable micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn), and Ctot, Ctot, Cfrac1,2,3,4, and microbial biomass carbon within 0 to 15cm and 15 to 30cm soil depths. The FDA and DHA peaked in April 2022 and reached minimum values in January 2022, in both soil depths.
Role of antidepressant receptor antagonism and the development of gestational diabetes: a nested case-control study
Authors: Robiyanto Robiyanto , Veldkamp Neel , Puijenbroek Eugène P , Vos Stijn , Bos Jens H J , Hak Eelko , Schuiling-Veninga Catharina C M
Published: February 2024

Background
How receptor binding profiles of antidepressants (ADs) influence the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is infrequently examined. We aimed to investigate which receptor antagonism of antidepressants is associated with GDM development in pregnancy.
Methods
A nested case-control study (1994–2021) comprising 4014 singleton pregnancies was conducted using the pregnancy subset from the IADB.nl prescription database. GDM cases were pregnant women receiving GDM medication (insulin and or oral hypoglycemic agent) for the first time. Exposure was defined as the recent use of ADs (between six months before and week 16 of pregnancy), stratified by AD antagonistic properties on H1, 5-HT2C, and M3 receptors. Crude and adjusted odds ratios of GDM were compared between recent users and past users using the logistic regression model.
Results
Antidepressant use with antagonistic properties on H1 receptors (aOR 2.25(95% CI 1.15–4.10)) and 5-HT2C receptors (aOR 1.90 (95% CI 1.06–3.23)) were associated with increased odds of GDM. No association was found for AD antagonists on M3 receptors (aOR 1.35(0.82–2.27)).
Conclusion
The antagonism affinity of antidepressants on H1 receptor and 5-HT2C receptor antagonism is more associated with the odds of GDM than on M3 receptor. This emphasizes the importance of prescribing antidepressants with weak or non-affinity on these two receptors to minimize the risk for GDM.
Prolactin And Non-Puerperal Mastitis: A Cohort Study Using Real-World Data
Authors: yin yulian , Le Haoxin , Cheng Yifan , Zhong Yuanyuan , Cheng Yiqin , Wang Bing , Wu Jingjing , Ye Meina , Chen Hongfen
Published: February 2024

Objective
Non-puerperal mastitis (NPM) is an umbrella term for non-specific inflammatory mastitis inflammation with unclear etiology. The objective of the current study is to characterize NPM patients and examine the determinants associated with NPM severity.
Method
This study analyzed the NPM inpatients admitted to the Department of Breast Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 2016 to 2020. We explored NPM patient characteristics through demographics, physical risks, lab tests, and medical history indicators. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the relationship between the prolactin (PRL) level and NPM severity stratified by breast structure.
Result
The majority of NPM inpatients had normal breast structures and were of lower average age than those with congenital nipple deformity (p = 0.002). Significant positive risk (p < 0.001) association between PRL level and NPM severity was observed among NPM inpatients with normal breast structure in both crude and adjusted model(adjusted OR: 2.91; 95%CI:1.88–4.52), with age as a protective factor (OR:0.94; 95%CI:0.91–0.97) and smoking history as a risk factor(OR:2.22; 95%CI:1.22–4.05). For NPM patients with nipple deformity, increasing odds of NPM severity regarding higher PRL level was observed while the result is not statistic significant at 0.05 level. (OR: 2.17; 95%CI: 0.94–5.03; p = 0.076).
Conclusion
The risk of NPM severe episodes is higher among patients with higher PRL levels, of which the association is stronger for NPM patients with normal breast structure, implying different pathogenesis between NPM patients with varied breast anatomy. Disagreement of the interaction effect testification indicates an improvement window for current study.
Trial registration
ChiCTR2000035929. Registered 20 August 2020(retrospectively registered).