bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophages of individuals with autism spectrum disorder adversely affect neuronal dendrites through the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines
Authors: Takada Ryohei , Toritsuka Michihiro , Yamauchi Takahira , Ishida Rio , Kayashima Yoshinori , Nishi Yuki , Ishikawa Mitsuru , Yamamuro Kazuhiko , Ikehara Minobu , Komori Takashi , Noriyama Yuki , Kamikawa Kohei , Saito Yasuhiko , Okano Hideyuki , Makinodan Manabu
Published: February 2024

Background

A growing body of evidence suggests that immune dysfunction and inflammation in the peripheral tissues as well as the central nervous system are associated with the neurodevelopmental deficits observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Elevated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma, serum, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of ASD has been reported. These cytokine expression levels are associated with the severity of behavioral impairments and symptoms in ASD. In a prior study, our group reported that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophages (GM-CSF MΦ) and the TNF-α expression ratio in GM-CSF MΦ/M-CSF MΦ (macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophages) was markedly higher in individuals with ASD than in typically developed (TD) individuals. However, the mechanisms of how the macrophages and the highly expressed cytokines affect neurons remain to be addressed.

Methods

To elucidate the effect of macrophages on human neurons, we used a co-culture system of control human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons and differentiated macrophages obtained from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of five TD individuals and five individuals with ASD. All participants were male and ethnically Japanese.

Results

Our results of co-culture experiments showed that GM-CSF MΦ affect the dendritic outgrowth of neurons through the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1α and TNF-α. Macrophages derived from individuals with ASD exerted more severe effects than those derived from TD individuals.

Limitations

The main limitations of our study were the small sample size with a gender bias toward males, the use of artificially polarized macrophages, and the inability to directly observe the interaction between neurons and macrophages from the same individuals.

Conclusions

Our co-culture system revealed the non-cell autonomous adverse effects of GM-CSF MΦ in individuals with ASD on neurons, mediated by interleukin-1α and TNF-α. These results may support the immune dysfunction hypothesis of ASD, providing new insights into its pathology.
Digital preservation of classical gardens at the San Su Shrine
Authors: Guo Li , Ma Wenjing , Gong Xueqian , Zhang Deshun , Zhai Zhigao , Li Mengjia
Published: February 2024

Chinese classical gardens, an essential part of World Cultural Heritage, are well exemplified by Xishu Garden as a notable branch of this tradition. This research focuses on the San Su Shrine—a quintessential example of Xishu Garden—and explores the application of digital technologies in the commemorative research and quantitative preservation of these gardens. By integrating terrestrial laser scanning and terrestrial digital photogrammetry, we acquired quantitative data and constructed digital models to innovate upon the methodological approach to garden conservation. The innovation of this study is its analysis of Xishu Garden’s commemorative spaces through both temporal and spatial dimensions. 1) Temporally, this study examines the evolution and stratification of the garden's commemorative elements across various historical periods. 2) Spatially, it explores the interconnectedness of commemorative elements within the garden's buildings, rockery stones, water landscape and plant landscape. This dual-faceted approach yields novel insights and methods for assessing the universal value of the commemorative aspects of Xishu Garden. Moreover, it promotes the application of digital technology in the study and preservation of Xishu and other Chinese classical gardens.
Successful management of an atrio-esophageal fistula after atrial fibrillation ablation: a case report
Authors: Hachiro Kohei , Takashima Noriyuki , Matsuoka Kentaro , Takebayashi Katsushi , Kaida Sachiko , Tani Masaji , Suzuki Tomoaki
Published: February 2024

Background

Atrio-esophageal fistula is a rare but still a catastrophic complication of radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation. We report a successful case of atrio-esophageal fistula with right posterolateral thoracotomy and right femoral cannulation of cardiopulmonary bypass.

Case presentation

A 67-year-old man underwent radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation. Nineteen days later, he developed cerebral infarction, and computed tomography showed air in the left atrium. He was transferred to our hospital for surgery. The upper body was placed in the left lateral decubitus position, and the lower body was placed in the left hemilateral decubitus position. The surgical approach was a right posterolateral thoracotomy in the 5th intercostal space. At first, the esophagus was transected at the diaphragm and tracheal carina levels. Then, an arterial line was inserted into the right common femoral artery and venous line into the right common femoral vein. Three U-shaped sutures of 3-0 polypropylene were placed to stop bleeding from the atrium. The esophagus was removed while snaring the 3-0 polypropylene sutures. There were two holes in the esophagus. Four drains were placed to clean the repaired site. After chest closure, the patient was placed supine. Cervical esophagostomy and enterostomy were performed. Gastric tube reconstruction via the retrosternal route was performed on postoperative day 28, and the patient was transferred to another hospital for rehabilitation on postoperative day 99.

Conclusions

It is important to thoroughly discuss with esophageal surgeon how to reach the heart and esophagus, and how to reconstruct the esophagus later.
Exploring the challenges of interpreting near-surface towed transient electromagnetic data on saline permafrost
Authors: Lorentzen Thomas Højland , Kass Mason Andrew , Scheer Johanna , Tomaškovičová Soňa , Christiansen Anders Vest , Maurya Pradip Kumar , Ingeman-Nielsen Thomas
Published: February 2024

We analyze a continuous near-surface transient electromagnetic (TEM) survey on permafrost around Ilulissat in western Greenland, an area characterized by continuous saline permafrost. The TEM data are severely affected by induced polarization (IP) effects, causing a large range of decay shapes. We identify seven unique decay shapes: oversteepened, sign change, all negative, double sign change, no apparent IP, flat spot, and positive nonmonotonic, the last two of which have not previously been identified in the scientific literature. A clear spatial dependency of the decay shapes is observed. Inversion of the data is carried out using a Cole-Cole model that poses a highly nonunique inversion problem with an extreme starting-model dependency. A series of inversion and forward-modeling experiments demonstrate these challenges and indicate that a low-resistivity and highly chargeable layer with time constant ([Formula: see text]) values between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and frequency exponent ( C) values above 0.74 is needed to fit the data used in the inversion experiment. Forward modeling further indicates that low [Formula: see text] and high C values are needed to reproduce the observed flat-spot and positive-nonmonotonic decay shapes. Based on these observations, we attribute the IP effects to the orientational polarization of ice in the soil column. This mechanism allows for low-resistivity, high-chargeability layers due to partially frozen saline sediments, a combination that is difficult to explain by the IP mechanisms traditionally considered. Based on the forward modeling of a realistic structural model of a layered sediment pack over dipping bedrock, we are able to reproduce all the observed decay shapes. This model provides a consistent framework for qualitative interpretation of the entire data set and evidence for the presence of saline deposits in the central parts of the sedimentary basins.
First-Line Nivolumab Plus Chemotherapy for Advanced Gastric, Gastroesophageal Junction, and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: 3-Year Follow-Up of the Phase III CheckMate 649 Trial
Authors: Janjigian Yelena Y. , Ajani Jaffer A. , Moehler Markus , Shen Lin , Garrido Marcelo , Gallardo Carlos , Wyrwicz Lucjan , Yamaguchi Kensei , Cleary James M. , Elimova Elena , Karamouzis Michalis , Bruges Ricardo , Skoczylas Tomasz , Bragagnoli Arinilda , Liu Tianshi , Tehfe Mustapha , Zander Thomas , Kowalyszyn Ruben , Pazo-Cid Roberto , Schenker Michael , Feeny Kynan , Wang Rui , Lei Ming , Chen Clara , Nathani Raheel , Shitara Kohei
Published: February 2024

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported.

We report 3-year efficacy and safety results from the phase III CheckMate 649 trial. Patients with previously untreated advanced or metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma were randomly assigned to nivolumab plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy. Primary end points were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) by blinded independent central review (BICR) in patients whose tumors expressed PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥5. With 36.2-month minimum follow-up, for patients with PD-L1 CPS ≥5, the OS hazard ratio (HR) for nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.61 to 0.81); 21% versus 10% of patients were alive at 36 months, respectively; the PFS HR was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.60 to 0.81); 36-month PFS rates were 13% versus 8%, respectively. The objective response rate (ORR) per BICR was 60% (95% CI, 55 to 65) with nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus 45% (95% CI, 40 to 50) with chemotherapy; median duration of response was 9.6 months (95% CI, 8.2 to 12.4) versus 7.0 months (95% CI, 5.6 to 7.9), respectively. Nivolumab plus chemotherapy also continued to show improvement in OS, PFS, and ORR versus chemotherapy in the overall population. Adding nivolumab to chemotherapy maintained clinically meaningful long-term survival benefit versus chemotherapy alone, with an acceptable safety profile, supporting the continued use of nivolumab plus chemotherapy as standard first-line treatment for advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma.
Split Bregman quantum noise removal algorithm for 3D reconstruction of neutron computed tomography image
Authors: Zhu Tengfei , Liu Yang , Luo Zhi , Ouyang Xiaoping
Published: February 2024

The low intensity of the neutron source for neutron computed tomography (CT) results in a long acquisition time for a single projection, which causes the neutron projection data to contain a large amount of quantum noise. Quantum noise will degrade the quality of neutron CT reconstruction images. Therefore, an efficient quantum noise removal algorithm must be used in CT reconstruction. In this paper, an efficient quantum noise removal algorithm for neutron CT 3D image reconstruction is proposed by analysing classical image processing algorithms and quantum image processing algorithms, which employs the maximum likelihood expectation maximization to reconstruct the image and split Bregman algorithm to solve for the total variation (MLEM-SBTV). Experimental results show that MLEM-SBTV performs well in removing quantum noise and reconstructing the detailed structure of images.
Prioritizing Patient Experiences in the Management of Diabetes and Its Complications: An Endocrine Society Position Statement
Authors: Kalyani Rita R , Allende-Vigo Myriam Z , Antinori-Lent Kellie J , Close Kelly L , Das Sandeep R , Deroze Phyllisa , Edelman Steven V , El Sayed Nuha A , Kerr David , Neumiller Joshua J , Norton Anna
Published: February 2024

Diabetes can be an arduous journey both for people with diabetes (PWD) and their caregivers. While the journey of every person with diabetes is unique, common themes emerge in managing this disease. To date, the experiences of PWD have not been fully considered to successfully implement the recommended standards of diabetes care in practice. It is critical for health-care providers (HCPs) to recognize perspectives of PWD to achieve optimal health outcomes. Further, existing tools are available to facilitate patient-centered care but are often underused. This statement summarizes findings from multistakeholder expert roundtable discussions hosted by the Endocrine Society that aimed to identify existing gaps in the management of diabetes and its complications and to identify tools needed to empower HCPs and PWD to address their many challenges. The roundtables included delegates from professional societies, governmental organizations, patient advocacy organizations, and social enterprises committed to making life better for PWD. Each section begins with a clinical scenario that serves as a framework to achieve desired health outcomes and includes a discussion of resources for HCPs to deliver patient-centered care in clinical practice. As diabetes management evolves, achieving this goal will also require the development of new tools to help guide HCPs in supporting PWD, as well as concrete strategies for the efficient uptake of these tools in clinical practice to minimize provider burden. Importantly, coordination among various stakeholders including PWD, HCPs, caregivers, policymakers, and payers is critical at all stages of the patient journey.
Smaller body size under warming is not due to gill-oxygen limitation in a cold-water salmonid
Authors: Lonthair Joshua K. , Wegner Nicholas C. , Cheng Brian S. , Fangue Nann A. , O'Donnell Matthew J. , Regish Amy M. , Swenson John D. , Argueta Estefany , McCormick Stephen D. , Letcher Benjamin H. , Komoroske Lisa M.
Published: February 2024

Declining body size in fishes and other aquatic ectotherms associated with anthropogenic climate warming has significant implications for future fisheries yields, stock assessments and aquatic ecosystem stability. One proposed mechanism seeking to explain such body-size reductions, known as the gill oxygen limitation (GOL) hypothesis, has recently been used to model future impacts of climate warming on fisheries but has not been robustly empirically tested. We used brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), a fast-growing, cold-water salmonid species of broad economic, conservation and ecological value, to examine the GOL hypothesis in a long-term experiment quantifying effects of temperature on growth, resting metabolic rate (RMR), maximum metabolic rate (MMR) and gill surface area (GSA). Despite significantly reduced growth and body size at an elevated temperature, allometric slopes of GSA were not significantly different than 1.0 and were above those for RMR and MMR at both temperature treatments (15°C and 20°C), contrary to GOL expectations. We also found that the effect of temperature on RMR was time-dependent, contradicting the prediction that heightened temperatures increase metabolic rates and reinforcing the importance of longer-term exposures (e.g. >6 months) to fully understand the influence of acclimation on temperature–metabolic rate relationships. Our results indicate that although oxygen limitation may be important in some aspects of temperature–body size relationships and constraints on metabolic supply may contribute to reduced growth in some cases, it is unlikely that GOL is a universal mechanism explaining temperature–body size relationships in aquatic ectotherms. We suggest future research focus on alternative mechanisms underlying temperature–body size relationships, and that projections of climate change impacts on fisheries yields using models based on GOL assumptions be interpreted with caution.
Per capita sperm metabolism is density dependent
Authors: Potter Ashley E. , White Craig R. , Marshall Dustin J.
Published: February 2024

From bacteria to metazoans, higher density populations have lower per capita metabolic rates than lower density populations. The negative covariance between population density and metabolic rate is thought to represent a form of adaptive metabolic plasticity. A relationship between density and metabolism was actually first noted 100 years ago, and was focused on spermatozoa; even then, it was postulated that adaptive plasticity drove this pattern. Since then, contemporary studies of sperm metabolism specifically assume that sperm concentration has no effect on metabolism and that sperm metabolic rates show no adaptive plasticity. We did a systematic review to estimate the relationship between sperm aerobic metabolism and sperm concentration, for 198 estimates spanning 49 species, from protostomes to humans from 88 studies. We found strong evidence that per capita metabolic rates are concentration dependent: both within and among species, sperm have lower metabolisms in dense ejaculates, but increase their metabolism when diluted. On average, a 10-fold decrease in sperm concentration increased per capita metabolic rate by 35%. Metabolic plasticity in sperm appears to be an adaptive response, whereby sperm maximize their chances of encountering eggs.
Prediction of Morbidity and Mortality After Esophagectomy: A Systematic Review
Authors: van Nieuw Amerongen M. P. , de Grooth H. J. , Veerman G. L. , Ziesemer K. A. , van Berge Henegouwen M. I. , Tuinman P. R.
Published: February 2024

Background

Esophagectomy for esophageal cancer has a complication rate of up to 60%. Prediction models could be helpful to preoperatively estimate which patients are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to determine the best prediction models for morbidity and mortality after esophagectomy and to identify commonalities among the models.

Patients and Methods

A systematic review was performed in accordance to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement and was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, study ID CRD42022350846). Pubmed, Embase, and Clarivate Analytics/Web of Science Core Collection were searched for studies published between 2010 and August 2022. The Prediction model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Extracted data were tabulated and a narrative synthesis was performed.

Results

Of the 15,011 articles identified, 22 studies were included using data from tens of thousands of patients. This systematic review included 33 different models, of which 18 models were newly developed. Many studies showed a high risk of bias. The prognostic accuracy of models differed between 0.51 and 0.85. For most models, variables are readily available. Two models for mortality and one model for pulmonary complications have the potential to be developed further.

Conclusions

The availability of rigorous prediction models is limited. Several models are promising but need to be further developed. Some models provide information about risk factors for the development of complications. Performance status is a potential modifiable risk factor. None are ready for clinical implementation.
Σύνθεση, χαρακτηρισμός και μελέτη ιδιοτήτων απλών, υβριδικών και σύνθετων υλικών με βάση δισδιάστατες νανοδομές
Authors: Σακαβίτση Βικτώρια
Published: February 2024

Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή συντέθηκαν και χαρακτηρίστηκαν νέα υβριδικά υλικά που προέκυψαν από την in-situ ένθεση τεσσάρων διαφορετικών φαρμακευτικών ουσιών (φερουλικό οξύ, ναριγκενίνη, ινδομεθακίνη και δαπαγλιφλοζίνη) στον ενδοστρωματικό χώρο των Zn-Al-NO3-LDH. Η σύνθεση των υβριδικών υλικών πραγματοποιήθηκε για κάθε φαρμακευτική ουσία με θέρμανση στους 65-70°C καθώς και σε θερμοκρασία περιβάλλοντος, με εξαίρεση την φαρμακευτική ουσία Δαπαγλιφλοζίνη (Dapagliflozin) που συντέθηκε μόνο υπό θέρμανση. Στο επόμενο στάδιο της έρευνας πραγματοποιήθηκε η μελέτη των υβριδικών LDHs υλικών ως προς την κυτταροτοξική τους δράση σε ανθρώπινα αδενοκαρκινικά κύτταρα του τραχήλου της μήτρας (HeLa). Στη συνέχεια, πραγματοποιήθηκε η σύνθεση νέων συνθετικών ανάλογων αργίλου (SCAs), τα οποία σε αντίθεση με τους κοινούς αργίλους παράγονται in-situ και προέκυψαν χρησιμοποιώντας μια σειρά διαφορετικών οργανικών πρόδρομων ενώσεων (APTEOS, EDAPTEOS, TAPTMOS, GLYMO, BTB, CPTMOS και TEOS) με τη μέθοδο sol-gel. Ακολούθως, εξετάστηκε η αντιμικροβιακή δράση των Ep-SCA και Αm-SCAs, έπειτα από παρακολούθηση δύο βακτηριακών στελεχών, του E.coli BL21(DE3) και του C. glutamicum ΑTCC 21253. Επιπλέον, μελετήθηκαν τα χαρακτηριστικά των σχηματιζόμενων υμενίων Langmuir των φυλλόμορφων νανοδομών στη διεπιφάνεια νερού-αέρα. Τα δείγματα που μελετήθηκαν ήταν τα αμινοσυνθετικά ανάλογα αργίλου Αm-SCAs. Ο στόχος της έρευνας αυτής ήταν η κατανόησητης συμπεριφοράς των σχηματιζόμενων υμενίων Langmuir μέσω της καταγραφής των ισόθερμων Π-α. Ακολούθησε η εναπόθεση των μονομοριακών και πολυστρωματικών υμενίων των παραπάνω φυλλόμορφων νανοδομών σε υδρόφιλα στερεά υποστρώματα πυριτίου με σκοπό τη μελέτη των μορφολογικών τους χαρακτηριστικών με την μικροσκοπία ατομικών δυνάμεων (AFM). Έπειτα, μελετήθηκε ο αποχρωματισμός του μπλε της βρωμοθυμόλης μέσω των υβριδικών πολυστρωματικών υπερδομών Am(3)-SCA–Laccace, όπου χρησιμοποιήθηκαν δείγματα με 5 και 10 στρώματα Am(3)-SCA–Laccase. Τέλος, πραγματοποιήθηκε η παρασκευή και ο χαρακτηρισμός του οξειδίου του γραφενίου (GO) και του τροποποιημένου οξειδίου του γραφενίου με 1-αδαμαντυλαμίνη (GO-ADMA) με τις βασικές τεχνικές χαρακτηρισμού (XRD, IR, DTA/TG) και ακολούθησε η ανάλυση και η μελέτη των σύνθετων οργανικών και ανόργανων υλικών αλλαγής φάσης (PCM) με σκοπό την βελτίωση και τον έλεγχο της μεταβολής των θερμικών ιδιοτήτων.
Radiation-driven cross presentation and STING activation enhance CAR T Cell therapy in a murine lymphoma model
Authors: Κωστόπουλος Νεκτάριος
Published: February 2024

Τα CAR T λεμφοκύτταρα που αναγνωρίζουν τον κυτταρικό δείκτη CD19 έχουν αλλάξει τη θεραπευτική προσέγγιση των ασθενών με CD19-θετικές υποτροπιάζουσες ή ανθεκτικές αιματολογικές κακοήθειες. Ωστόσο, ένα σημαντικό υποσύνολο αυτών των ασθενών είτε αποτυγχάνει να ανταποκριθεί στην θεραπεία με CAR T κύτταρα είτε τελικά υποτροπιάζει. Συχνά οι ασθενείς έχουν συμπτωματική νόσο που απαιτεί κάποια μορφή θεραπείας κατά τη διάρκεια της περιόδου κατασκευής των κυττάρων CAR T. Η ακτινοθεραπεία είναι μια καθιερωμένη θεραπεία που προάγει τον ανοσολογικά μεσολαβούμενο θάνατο των καρκινικών κυττάρων. Στην παρούσα διατριβή διερευνήθηκε πως η εφαρμογή ακτινοθεραπείας πριν από τη χορήγηση CAR T κυττάρων μπορεί να ενισχύσει την αποτελεσματικότητα των τελευταίων. Χρησιμοποιήθηκαν μοντέλα ποντικών που έφεραν δύο όγκους λεμφώματος Α20, έναν ακτινοβολημένο και έναν μη ακτινοβολημένο. Ο συνδυασμός ακτινοθεραπείας/CAR T κυττάρων οδήγησε σε σημαντική συρρίκνωση του όγκου που δεν είχε υποβληθεί σε ακτινοθεραπεία (abscopal tumor), ενώ περισσότερα CAR T κύτταρα εντοπίστηκαν και στους δύο όγκους σε σχέση με την ομάδα που υποβλήθηκε μόνο σε θεραπέια με CAR T. Στην ίδια ομάδα αυξήθηκε η διασταυρούμενη αντιγονοπαρουσίαση (cross presentation) όπως απεδείχθη από την παρουσία περισσότερων ενδογενών Τ κυττάρων εξειδικευμένων για συγκεκριμένα καρκινικά αντιγόνα. Επιπλέον, θεραπεία μεταφοράς αντιγονοειδικών Τ κυττάρων απέδειξε το μηχανισμό της διασταυρούμενης αντιγονο-παρουσίασης. Η ακτινοθεραπεία ενεργοποίησε το μονοπάτι cGAS/STING το οποίο συνδέθηκε άμεσα με τα βελτιωμένα αντικαρκινικά αποτελέσματα των κυττάρων CAR-T. Συνολικά, αυτά τα αποτελέσματα υποδηλώνουν ότι η ακτινοθεραπεία μπορεί να χρησιμεύσει ως βέλτιστη θεραπεία γεφύρωσης (bridging therapy) στο πλαίσιο της θεραπείας με CAR T κύτταρα.
Clinical and psychopathological features of the course and outcome of the first psychotic episode.
Authors: Bazhora Yuri , Gudz Valentyn , Mozgova Valentina , Usychenko Kateryna , Shvets Nikol
Published: February 2024

Recently it has been established that cytokines are involved in the regulation of the body’s defense reactions in response to a pathogen and form an independent system  for regulating homeostasis.  The aim of this work is to study the relationship of the polymorphic marker TNFα (rs1800620) with its quantitative content and the degree of liver fibrosis in patients with various chronic hepatitis (VHC, VHB, VHB+C). The 82 patients with chronic hepatitis B, 62 patients with hepatitis B+C, and 100 patients with chronic hepatitis C were examined. GGTNFα (rs1800620) genotype is protective for patients with various viral hepatitis, and the GATNFα (rs1800620)and AATNFα (rs1800620)genotypes are profibrogenic for patients with chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis B+C and chronic hepatitis C, respectively, since a high degree of fibrosis than in carriers of the homozygous GGTNFα (rs1800620)genotype. It is possible that the rate of fibrosis progression is influenced not only by the qualitative content of TNFα, but also by a certain genotype.
Selected aspects of nursing care for a patient after ischemic stroke in a care and treatment facility - a case study
Authors: Pawłowska-Muc Agnieszka , Borek Monika , Maciąg Dorota , Cichońska Małgorzata , Oborska Sylwia , Deja-Makara Beata
Published: February 2024

Cerebrovascular diseases (including strokes) are currently the second leading cause of death in the world [1,2]. In Poland, statistical data are quite diverse, depending on their source. Stroke patients are often at risk of chronic disability. A significant number of them are doomed to lose their independence and self-care for the rest of their lives.
The aim of the study is to present selected nursing problems and ways to solve them in a patient after ischemic stroke who requires round-the-clock care in the field of nursing and care services as part of inpatient long-term care. The subject of the study is the process of nursing a patient diagnosed with ischemic stroke who requires round-the-clock care in the field of nursing and care services as part of long-term care. The study uses a research method - a case study, supported by individual observation, measurements, interview and analysis of medical records. Two scales were used to assess the patient's condition: Barthel and Norton.
Conclusions:

The individual care plan takes into account the most important problems arising from the specificity of the disease entity, needs and individual situation of the patient.
The patient's care problems after a stroke are presented and proposed an effective solution to ensure the best possible care.
Nursing and care difficulties have been properly recognized, which has enabled appropriate nursing interventions.
Due to systematic prophylactic measures, the patient did not suffer from complications.
A detailed interview and careful observation made it possible to plan and implementation of interventions (not only nursing) to provide comprehensive care.
The urgent procedure of admitting the patient to the care and treatment facility contributed to the improvement of the quality and availability of health care services, which translated into an improvement in the patient's general condition.
La inteligencia artificial en el periodismo. Revisión bibliométrica en Scopus (1989-2022)
Authors: Páez Ángel , Saldaña Manche Walter Vladimir , Artigas Wileidys , Rios Incio Felipe
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar la evidencia científica que reporta la comunidad académica mundial sobre los alcances de la ia en el periodismo. El tipo de investigación es una revisión bibliométrica, la búsqueda de información se realizó en la base de datos Scopus, utilizando una estrategia de búsqueda a través del título o del título/abstract. Mediante el método Prisma, se identificó un total de 203 artículos que exploraban el uso de la inteligencia artificial en el periodismo entre 1989 y 2022. Los datos revelan que el grueso de la producción se ubica en los últimos cinco años (2018-2022), con un 78,34 % de trabajos publicados. Aunque luego de la revisión de estudios sobre ia en el periodismo pueda destacarse que los usos siguen siendo incipientes, se apunta a la importancia de combatir las noticias falsas, incluidos los elementos éticos por tomar en cuenta y los desafíos de enseñanza que deben enfrentarse en la carrera periodística. Este trabajo sigue siendo un debate abierto para seguir analizando estos temas, sobre todo frente a la explosión de herramientas de ia en 2023.
Una cartografía dinámica de un campo en movimiento. El proyecto MAPCOM como impulsor y dinamizador de la metainvestigación en comunicación en España
Authors: Rizo Garcia Marta
Published: February 2024

Reseña del libro MAPCOM. Quince años de investigación sobre comunicación en universidades españolas
Risk Sharing with Lambda Value at Risk
Authors: Liu Peng
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we study the risk-sharing problem among multiple agents using lambda value at risk ([Formula: see text]) as their preferences via the tool of inf-convolution, where [Formula: see text] is an extension of value at risk ([Formula: see text]). We obtain explicit formulas of the inf-convolution of multiple [Formula: see text] with monotone Λ and explicit forms of the corresponding optimal allocations, extending the results of the inf-convolution of [Formula: see text]. It turns out that the inf-convolution of several [Formula: see text] is still a [Formula: see text] under some mild condition. Moreover, we investigate the inf-convolution of one [Formula: see text] and a general monotone risk measure without cash additivity, including [Formula: see text], expected utility, and rank-dependent expected utility as special cases. The expression of the inf-convolution and the explicit forms of the optimal allocation are derived, leading to some partial solution of the risk-sharing problem with multiple [Formula: see text] for general Λ functions. Finally, we discuss the risk-sharing problem with [Formula: see text], another definition of lambda value at risk. We focus on the inf-convolution of [Formula: see text] and a risk measure that is consistent with the second-order stochastic dominance, deriving very different expression of the inf-convolution and the forms of the optimal allocations.
Single-Product Assemble-to-Order Systems with Exogenous Lead Times
Authors: Muharremoglu Alp , Yang Nan , Geng Xin
Published: February 2024

Efficient Algorithm for Base Stock Policy Optimization in Single-Product Assemble-to-Order Systems with Stochastic Lead Times

Single-product assemble-to-order systems can be commonly observed in industrial settings. For example, firms targeting a niche market often choose to offer a single product; moreover, sole-product rollout is usually a preferable business strategy for manufacturers promoting a brand-new product or trying to penetrate a new market. However, maintaining an effective inventory management for those systems is a notoriously difficult problem, especially when the order lead times exhibit stochastic patterns. In “Single-Product Assemble-to-Order Systems with Exogenous Lead Times,” Muharremoglu, Yang, and Geng investigate the case with a special type of stochastic lead time and utilize a certain analysis technique to develop an efficient algorithm for the performance evaluation of base stock policies. In addition, efficiently computable upper and lower bounds are proved based on the key idea of the algorithm. Extensive numerical studies show that the heuristics and the approximation methods developed from those bounds perform well in base stock optimization.
CONNECTing nurses and allied professionals through specialised cardiothoracic surgical training
Authors: Fredericks Suzanne , Hayes Maria , Magboo Rosalie , Phillips Emily , Chen Lisa , O'Keefe-McCarthy Sheila , Van Valen Richard , Then Karen L , Bowden Tracey
Published: February 2024

As part of the CONNECT series, Suzanne Fredericks and colleagues discuss the need for specialised cardiothoracic surgical training for nurses and allied health professionals, as well as the implications of this both across the UK and internationally.
Amplifying awareness of cardiac amyloidosis and the need for early recognition
Authors: Simpson Maggie
Published: February 2024

Improvements in clinical awareness of cardiac amyloidosis have led to earlier recognition of signs and symptoms, access to diagnostics and a specialist multidisciplinary team. Yet, it remains a life-limiting disease. This editorial discusses cardiac amyloidosis and how nurses can identify ‘red flags’ to facilitate earlier diagnosis.
A simple and successful solution to issues relating to urinary tract infections in people with MS
Authors: Stross Ruth , Peel Charlie , Roberts Megan , Winchester Claire , Thomas Sue
Published: February 2024

The coronavirus pandemic prompted one of the authors to develop a simple yet innovative solution to detecting urinary tract infections in people with multiple sclerosis, in order to improve their wellbeing and reduce hospital admissions. The initiative has been longer lasting, wider reaching and has had better outcomes than expected. The authors discuss the initiative, how and why it was developed, patient outcomes and limitations.
How identity is evolving in a digital-first world
Authors: Lunter Ján
Published: February 2024

The use of biometric-based digital IDs is growing worldwide. This article analyses the latest developments in digital identification, the likely next steps, and how to deal with the core concerns this evolution raises: ensuring the security and ethical use of the personal data involved.
Transforming the workforce from cyber risk to asset
Authors: Morgan James
Published: February 2024

Email is often the first point of contact between an attacker and your organisation. And this has led to firms viewing their own people as the weak point in their cyber defences. At the same time, too few organisations are investing in the training needed to improve email practices and basic cyber hygiene. With the right approach, you can turn your people into a major security asset.
Differences in the Characteristics and Factors Associated with Insulin Resistance in Normal Weight and Overweight Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women
Authors:   Mae Fah Luang University Medical Center Hospital, Mae Fah Luang University, Thailand, Chimplee Kaset , Wongpia Iyara ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Thailand, Paengneewong Angkana ,   Laboratory Department, Mae Fah Luang University Medical Center Hospital, Thailand, Charoenpanyavicha Pitsamai ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Thailand
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE This research aimed to compare clinical and biochemical parameters between normal and overweight-obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients, and to determine the association between insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and anthropometric, biochemical and hormo-nal factors in both groups of PCOS. METHODS This study was of a cross sectional design. PCOS was diagnosed using the Revised Rotterdam Criteria 2003. Participants underwent history taking and physical examination. Blood samples were collected for FPG, insulin, lipid profiles, TSH, FSH, LH, SHBG, total testosterone, and free androgen index (FAI). Insulin resistance index was calculated by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR). Clinical and biochemical parameters were compared between both groups of PCOS. Associations between HOMA-IR and anthropometry, biochemistry and hormonal para-meters between groups were determined separately. RESULTS Sixty-four female with PCOS were enrolled. Comparison of biochemical analyses found that the free androgen index was higher and that LH and SHBG were lower in the overweight-obese group. HOMA-IR was greater in the overweight-obese group. In the overweight-obese group, there were statistically significant correlations between the HOMA-IR with the measured BMI, waist circumference, waist-height ratio, HDL, triglycerides, SHBG and the free androgen index. Interestingly, in the normal weight group, only the triglycerides, SHBG and the free androgen indix had a statistically significant correlation with HOMA-IR. CONCLUSIONS There were clear differences in the parameters related to insulin resistance between overweight-obese and normal weight PCOS; however, triglycerides, SHBG, and the free androgen index played a significant role in insulin resistance in both groups of PCOS. KEYWORDS homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), insulin resistance, polycystic ovary syndrome
Coruja
Authors: De Oliveira da Costa Milena
Published: February 2024

Fotografia da coruja em preto e branco na Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, cidade de Feira de Santana. A fotografia foi realizada na tarde do dia 18 de junho de 2014 no campus da UEFS em frente ao módulo V, por uma câmera Nikon coolpix L820 que possibilitou esse registro da coruja entre os galhos da árvore com o seu olhar marcante.Milena é estudante do curso de Licenciatura em Física da UEFS.
Expediente
Authors: Leyva Cruz Juan Alberto
Published: February 2024

Expediente
Rare Case of Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation of Foot
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India., Sabir Amir Bin , Julfiqar Mohammad ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India., Shoaib Syed Mohd ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India., Anwer Adnan ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India., Chowdhry Madhav ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India., Adil Mohd. ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Nora’s lesion or bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP) is a rare, benign lesion of small bones of hands and feet in adults. It composed of differing amounts of cartilage, bone, and spindle cells and an unusual form of calcified cartilage so-called “blue bone”. Case Report: A 23-year-old male presented with swelling at the lateral side of the fifth toe of his right foot, which was separated from the adjacent toe. Radiographs showed a mass arising from the proximal phalanx of the little toe, with no medullary and cortical continuity. Excisional biopsy of the mass was performed, and a histologic diagnosis of BPOP of bone (Nora’s lesion) was made. Conclusion: This case presented with a cartilaginous cap around tumor which is suggestive for benign nature of this tumor with some histological variation from bizarre variant along with no recurrence which is unlikely seen in BPOP. Keywords: Nora lesion, foot, tumor.
Unique Bilaterally Symmetrical Multifocal Osteomyelitis Presentation in a Health-care Worker with Sickle Cell Disease Secondary to Klebsiella Infection – A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India,, Dwidmuthe Samir Chandrakant , Tiwari Vivek ,   Department of Orthopedics, Apollo Hospitals, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India,, Reddy Harsha ,   Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India,, Roy Mainak ,   Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India,, Bhikshavarthimath Suhas Aradhya ,   Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India,, Bhutada Gaurav ,   Precision Ortho Clinic, Amravati, Maharashtra, India.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Osteomyelitis is one of the most common infectious complications in people with sickle cell disease (SCD). The most common infecting organisms in SCD are the Salmonella species and Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pneumoniae and Bacteroides species have also been described, however, osteomyelitis attributable to infection with hypervirulent Klebsiella spp. is a rare entity. We describe our experience with a rare presentation of multifocal bilateral symmetrical ulna and fibula osteomyelitis in a patient with SCD due to Klebsiella bacteremia with 1-year follow-up. Case Report: A 25-year-old female known SCD since childhood who underwent treatment for dengue at our hospital had her blood cultures positive for Klebsiella, following which she was treated with appropriate antibiotics. Two weeks following the asymptomatic period patient presented with complaints of pain over the bilateral forearm and legs. The patient was evaluated for laboratory parameters and plain radiograph of the bilateral forearm and bilateral legs. The radiological features were suggestive of osteomyelitis, showing “Bilaterally symmetrical involvement.” Laboratory parameters erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were found raised. The patient was planned for biopsy and debridement of the lesion from the right ulna. The culture from the biopsy showed growth of Klebsiella sp. and was sensitive to co-trimoxazole. The patient was started on co-trimoxazole for 6 weeks and had a significant clinical improvement in the form of subsidence of pain, normalization of the blood counts along with the acute phase reactants (ESR, CRP). Conclusion: Our case contributes to the growing awareness of the unusual manifestations of this serious disease and the rarity of bilateral symmetrical involvement. Our case highlights the importance of clinician awareness, manifestations, and management of Klebsiella sp. hypervirulent strains. Keywords: Sickle cell osteomyelitis, multifocal bilateral symmetrical, Klebsiella species.
Patella Fracture Fixation Technique with Suture Anchors
Authors:   Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, West Hertfordshire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Watford WD18 0HB, United Kingdom., Kukreja Madhav , Dubey Vivek ,   Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, West Hertfordshire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Watford WD18 0HB, United Kingdom., Makki Daoud ,   Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, West Hertfordshire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Watford WD18 0HB, United Kingdom.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Patella fracture can occur due to direct injury to the knee or indirect eccentric contraction of the quadriceps tendon. These injuries can present in different configurations which require acceptable reduction and good fixation. Patients are at risk of not only losing their knee extensor mechanism but also having a defective patellofemoral articulation. Hence, the main aim in treating such fractures is to restore the knee extensor mechanism. Surgical options for treating patella fracture include tension band wiring, wiring through cannulated screws, fixation with plate, and suture anchor (SA) fixation. Case Report: We demonstrate a new fixation technique for patella fracture with SAs in two of our patients. They presented with patella fracture following a fall and sustained closed injury with intact distal neurovascular status. The authors describe their technique using double-loaded SAs to obtain anatomical reduction and solid fixation. With three SAs, each inserted in a third portion of a distal fragment. Conclusion: There are several modalities and techniques available for fixation of patella fracture. However, authors recommend that their described novel technique can provide more strength and satisfactory outcome. Furthermore, this technique uses a smaller incision compared to conventional suture tunnel repair as in this technique only the fracture that needs to be exposed distally. Keywords: Patella fracture, suture anchor, quadriceps tendon.
'DIE PETROLEUMINSELN': PÓS-COLONIALISMO E A QUESTÃO JUDAICA NA DRAMATURGIA DE LION FEUCHTWANGER
Authors: Coelho Luiz Henrique Ernesto
Published: February 2024

O autor alemão Lion Feuchtwanger é amplamente reconhecido por sua escrita romanesca, sobretudo por seus romances históricos. Sua obra, no entanto, aponta para uma relevante produção dramática, ainda em sua juventude. A peça Die Petroleuminseln (1925) aborda questões como o racismo ambiental e o preconceito de gênero, ao narrar a história de Deborah Gray. Outro ponto tratado é a aparência da personagem – retrato do estereótipo imposto aos judeus – e sua intrínseca relação com o desejo de poder da protagonista. Tal configuração de elementos narrativos revela a necessidade posterior do autor de sair de sua terra natal. Nesta investigação, busca-se alinhar tal produção a questões então pioneiras como o ideário pós-colonialista atravessado pelo Ecocriticismo e a ligação produzida por Feuchtwanger entre  judaísmo e gênero. Procura-se também iluminar alguns pontos, como o exílio do autor enquanto consequência desse conjunto de fatores e a influência de Bertolt Brecht em sua produção literária.
Compartir el amor: las Antígonas de Simone Weil y María Zambrano
Authors: Basili Cristina
Published: February 2024

El artículo presenta un estudio comparativo de la figura de Antígona en las obras de Simone Weil y María Zambrano con el fin de poner de relieve el entramado teórico-político que surge de sus interpretaciones. Cabe, por tanto, no solo   convergencias y discontinuidades en sus lecturas, sino también la búsqueda compartida, a través de una original compenetración entre místicay política, de una ampliación del espectro semántico de la política cuyo clímax reside en la valorización de la pasión extática del amor.
Octavio Paz: el ensayo como pasión crítica. María Zambrano: la escritura como "puro acto de fe"
Authors: Bundgard Ana
Published: February 2024

El artículo trata del género ensayo, en particular, de El Laberinto de la soledad de Octavio Paz, ensayo icónico de crítica moral e histórica, que María Zambrano interpretó en un texto titulado «Un descenso a los infiernos». Un rasgo distintivo de los ensayos de Paz, es su pasión crítica. La clave de la escritura de María Zambrano estaría en el texto de 1934, «Por qué se escribe». El objetivo de este artículo es poner de relieve cómo interpretó Paz la soledad del pueblo mexicano, desde una perspectiva histórica, y cómo interpretó Zambrano la trascendencia de la soledad.
raya auroral de la escritura en la obra de María Zambrano
Authors: Moretti Manuela
Published: February 2024

Este ensayo sigue la raya que traza la escritura en la obra de Zambrano. Un camino que pretende mostrar las posibilidades inéditas que sugiere la escritura siempre en estado naciente de Zambrano. Una raya temblorosa, indecisa como todo lo que se encuentra en estado naciente, una escritura viva. Se explorará la experiencia del ensayo en Zambrano desde esta perspectiva, a través de una escritura que, como la misma palabra «ensayar» nos sugiere, emana del interior del sentir para salir a la luz con su fuerza siempre inédita, sin nunca consolidarse en formas rígidas que impiden manifestarse a la realidad.
mirada esencialista de Alejo Carpentier. Una arqueología del barroco americano
Authors: Garí Barceló Bernat
Published: February 2024

Este artículo reflexiona alrededor de la idea de lenguaje en Alejo Carpentier desde sus crónicas y ensayos. Tras un esbozo general sobre el barroco carpenteriano y sus cercanías con el giro descolonial, indicaré de qué modo su concepción de la identidad afrocaribeña y su lectura de Eugeni d’Ors y Jean-Paul Sartre se convirtieron en la brecha oculta por la que se introdujeron en su prosa presupuestos esencialistas sobre la identidad americana y el lenguaje.