bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inmunopatología humoral y celular de la artritis reumatoide. Consideraciones clínico-biológicas y alteración inmunohumoral
Authors: Martín Mola E. , Pérez Miranda M.
Published: October 2022

Se estudian un total de 55 pacientes con artritis reumatoide, así como 25 personas sanas tomadas como población control. Con los datos clínicos y biológicos obtenidos de cada enfermo, se ha hecho un amplio estudio estadístico demostrando con ello las alteraciones peculiares de patrones biológicos usuales en la práctica diaria (VSG y fracciones proteicas), así como el diferente comportamiento evolutivo dependiendo de la presencia o ausencia del factor reumatoide.

Finalmente, por medio de la cualificación de las inmunoglobulinas séricas, se analizan los rasgos principales de la alteración inmunohumoral.
Nota Clínica. Tiroiditis subaguda atípica
Authors: Lucas I. , Honorato J.
Published: October 2022

Presentamos un paciente de 52 años de edad con una sintomatología de 3 meses de evolución con: adelgazamiento rápido, debilidad acusada de extremidades inferiores, temblor grosero de actitud e intencional, nerviosismo y ansiedad. La exploración isotópica del tiroides en condiciones basales y después de la estimulación TSH muestra una captación muy pequeña del yodo radioactivo. La determinación de T 4 muestra un notable incremento con 24 unidades, estando las cifras normales situadas entre 7,5 y 10,5 U.

La sintomatología clínica, los datos bioquímicos y la exploración gammagráfica demuestran el diagnóstico de tiroiditis subaguda y también la evolución posterior de la sintomatología aunque no exista ni odinofagia ni aumento de tamaño del tiroides.

Comentamos las particularidades de esta entidad clínica que puede ser confundible con una tirotoxicosis por su carácter atípico de presentación.
Tratamiento de la neuralgia trigeminal con una nueva asociación medicamentosa (Bonifén H)
Authors: Martínez-Lage J. M. , Molina P. , Madoz P. , Arístegui J.J
Published: October 2022

El tratamiento de la neuralgia trigeminal con difenilhidantoína ha sido preconizado desde hace tiempo aunque no es universalmente conocido ni ha obtenido un consenso general. Nosotros hemos utilizado por primera vez la asociación de difenilhidantoína y piritioxina en 32 enfermos con neuralgia trigeminal obteniendo buenos resultados globales y duraderos en el 77 % de los casos, porcentaje superior al conseguido con el empleo aislado de la difenilhidantoína por distintos autores. Al tiempo que se estudian los rasgos clínicos y datos electroencefalográficos, se discuten los aspectos etiológicos y fisiopatológicos de la neuralgia trigeminal en orden a interpretar los resultados de la nueva pauta terapéutica propuesta.
DOS MESTRES PEDREIROS DE BOURDIEU À RUA DOS PEDREIROS: HABITUS E DIREITO À UNIVERSIDADE NO BRASIL
Authors: Custódio Sérgio José
Published: October 2022

O artigo explora a relação histórica entre efeito de lugar e indício de mudança na questão do direito à universidade no Brasil. Vai até o conceito e até a prática social em dois passos. O objetivo é mostrar a relevância da noção de habitus para os estudos em educação, beber da fonte deste jogo conceitual em Pierre Bourdieu, perceber essa noção junto com a noção de efeito de lugar, em termos comparativos, seja para a periferia francesa, seja para a periferia brasileira, na busca da compreensão de indícios de mudança educacional no Brasil, por meio da luta de novíssimos agentes sociais pelo direito à universidade nas margens do campo educacional. A metodologia vale-se de estudo conceitual, do paradigma indiciário, de análise de uma amostra de documentos em um cursinho popular e da derivação de operadores lógicos para a mudança relevante em educação na margem do campo educacional. A conclusão é a percepção do surgimento de uma revolução na educação do Brasil, que brota desde o chão da periferia, o chão da dor, como um clamor e como uma prática social inscrita nos corpos, abrigada no cotidiano de pessoas, um clamor que mudaria a cara da universidade brasileira, ao tempo em que questiona estigmas arraigados como doxa.
CONCEITO DE PRIVAÇÃO MATERNA NA TEORIA DE JOHN BOWLBY: IMPACTOS NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Neder Kaira , Amorim Katia de Souza
Published: October 2022

A tessitura deste trabalho almejou a construção de um panorama acerca da emergência da Teoria do Apego de John Bowlby, particularmente quanto à noção de separação da criança pequena da figura materna e aos efeitos deletérios daquela para o desenvolvimento socioemocional na primeira infância. Nesta perspectiva, o texto buscou elucidar o contexto histórico de emergência desse conceito, assim como suas repercussões para os campos que se ocupam dos estudos sobre a infância, em especial a Educação Infantil.  Para tal, concebeu-se esse texto em três partes. Primeiramente, será abordado o histórico da “descoberta da infância” e do consequente centramento da família na criança e de “governos da infância” postos ao encargo da mãe. Em um segundo momento, caminharemos em direção aos escritos bowlbyanos, particularmente a partir da leitura dos primeiros dois volumes da trilogia “Apego e Perda” e do relatório elaborado por ele para a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), em 1951. Seguindo esse fluxo, em uma terceira parte, tratar-se-á da proporção que essa teoria tomou: sua difusão em termos de políticas públicas em diferentes culturas e do caráter quase dogmático - com sérias implicações - de seus preceitos que foram encampados em áreas como a Psiquiatria Infanti, Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e Pedagogia.
ADVANCEMENT EXPERIENCES OF WOMEN IN ACADEMIC SENIOR LEADERSHIP POSITIONS IN STEM DISCIPLINES: A DELPHI ANALYSIS
Authors: Luthi Kimberly T. , Kosloski Michael F.
Published: October 2022

This article explores structural support systems that lead to women's advancement and hindrance factors that either catalyze or delay women's career acceleration in higher education, specifically within STEM-related and workforce education disciplines. Through a consensus-building approach, a four-round Delphi analysis explored the experiences and perceptions of 17 panelists who currently or formerly served in a senior-ranked position within a higher education setting at five institutions in the Southeast United States. The panel included women who met the eligibility criteria as subject matter experts and held positions as deans in a STEM discipline, principal investigators over federally funded STEM and workforce education programs, and assistant vice presidents. A consensus was reached on nine factors supporting advancement and three factors inhibiting advancement for a total of 12 factors that were considered relevant to the research questions based on the mean score of 3.50. The panelists identified the following factors as relevant for supporting advancement: support systems, personal attributes, willingness to advance, leadership skills, curiosity about new family obligations and lack of compensation were the leading hindrances experiences, role models, opportunities for leadership roles, experiences in undergraduate and graduate studies, and awareness of institutional environments; and those for inhibiting advancement: conflicting family obligations, lack of compensation, and personal concerns. Support systems and personal attributes were the top-rated factors contributing to advancement, while conflicting family obligations and lack of compensation were the leading hindrances.
Selection of tooth colour using spectrophotometry and a visual method. A Literature Review.
Authors:   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Concepción, Chile., Avendaño Arenas Alejandro , Astorga Gallardo Carlos ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Concepción, Chile., Cabezas Osorio Verónica ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Concepción, Chile.
Published: October 2022

The demand for esthetic dentistry in clinical practice has been steadily increasing. When a dental piece is rehabilitated, it is very important to restore both the morpho-functional characteristics as well as the aesthetic appearance.
Modest beginnings, high hopes: The Western Cape Police Ombudsman
Authors: Muntingh Lukas
Published: October 2022

In 2013 the Western Cape legislature passed the Western Cape Community Safety Act (WCCSA) to improve monitoring of and oversight over the police. One creation of the WCCSA is the Western Cape Police Ombudsman, which became operational in 2015. This article reviews its history and context, as well as results from its first year. The Police Ombudsman, the only one in the country, must be seen as one of the results of efforts by the opposition-held province to carve out more powers in the narrowly defined constitutional space, and in so doing to exercise more effective oversight and monitoring of police performance, and improve police–community relations. The Ombudsman must also be seen against the backdrop of poor police–community relations in Cape Town and the subsequent establishment of a provincial commission of inquiry into the problem, a move that was opposed by the national government, contesting its constitutionality. Results from the Ombudsman’s first 18 months in operation are modest, but there are promising signs. Nonetheless, the office is small and it did not do itself any favours by not complying with its legally mandated reporting requirements.
Rationalizing injustice: The reinforcement of legal hegemony in South Africa
Authors: Masiangoako Thato
Published: October 2022

The legal system in South Africa holds a legitimate and authoritative position in the country’s constitutional democracy and political order, despite the commonplace experiences of injustice that take place at the hands of the criminal justice system. This article looks at how the legal consciousness of community activists, student activists and migrants is shaped by experiences of arrest and detention, and focuses particularly on how their perceptions of the law reinforce the legitimacy and hegemonic status enjoyed by the criminal justice system and broader legal system in South Africa. The article draws on original interviews with community activists, student activists and migrants, who recounted their experiences of arrest and detention. Using a socio-legal framework of legal consciousness, the article unpacks how these groups reinforce legal hegemony through the ways in which they understand and rationalise their experiences of punishment. Despite the reasonable expectation that those who have experienced a miscarriage of justice would be most sceptical and pessimistic about the law’s legitimacy, this article finds that they continue to maintain their faith in the law. The article presents an analysis of interviews conducted with members of these groups, and shares evidence that begins to explore some of the ways in which South Africa’s criminal justice system is able to sustain its legitimacy, despite the gaps between what the law ought to be and what the law actually is.
Extradition in the absence of state agreements: Provisions in international treaties on extradition
Authors: Mokoena Untalimile Crystal Nyathi , Lubaale Emma Charlene
Published: October 2022

By virtue of state sovereignty, states exercise authority over all persons and things within their territories. This includes individuals suspected of committing or charged with crimes in foreign states. International law generally imposes no obligation to surrender individuals suspected of or charged with committing crimes in foreign states. Fugitives may only be returned when an agreement exists between the states concerned. As such, states are increasingly ratifying international treaties mandating cooperation to ensure that individuals responsible for certain categories of crimes are brought to justice. It is worth noting that some of these states lack extradition treaties with each other. For example, South Africa and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are party to the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) which mandates that they cooperate with each other in ensuring that crimes related to corruption are prosecuted. However, there is no extradition treaty between South Africa and the UAE. In these circumstances, a question arises as to whether they can they rely on the UNCAC to extradite individuals for corruption-related crimes. If they can, what is the nature of the international obligation entrenched under the UNCAC? Overall, what is the standing of international treaty clauses on extradition for states without extradition treaties?
Sound Energy Harvesting and Converting Electricity (SEHCE)
Authors: Mervin A Boco
Published: October 2022

The research study “Sound Energy Harvesting and Converting Electricity (SEHCE)” aims to create a better and easier way of producing another source of clean and renewable energy through sound. The study did not aim to be compared to other proven sources of electricity such as heat, wind, solar and hydroelectric, instead, it was created to find and explore new ways of producing an alternative source of energy. The project will undergo several processes such as designing, construction, testing, and evaluation. Through this, the researcher will be able to find out that sound energy can be converted to electricity.
Population analysis and spring count of the number of geese in the Amur region (Russian Federation)
Authors: Aleksandr Senchik , Sergey Kolischuk , Andrey Pavlov
Published: October 2022

Hunting for waterfowl is the most massive for amateur hunters in Russia. Hunting starts in spring and autumn, and the largest number of hunters take part in it, due to its popularity, low economic cost for hunters, as well as the possibility of using a hunting dog. In this regard, the role of counting waterfowl in autumn is important. The organization and conduct of accounting work should be carried out by hunting organizations annually, within certain calendar terms, and at a high-quality level.
DNA extraction protocol from frozen filtration capsules v1
Authors: Capelli Camilla
Published: October 2022

The DNA extraction protocol presented below is based on the FISH DNA extraction protocol developed in the Eco-AlpsWater Project (https://www.alpine-space.org/projects/eco-alpswater/deliverables-final/dt1.1.2.--8.2-fish_dna_extraction_vigidna.pdf), adapted from the NucleoSpin® Soil kit (MACHEREY-NAGEL) according to the study of Pont et al (2018). The methodology described here is the extraction of DNA, from eDNA samples collected with filtration cartridge adapted to treat large volume of water (e.g. VigiDNA® 0.45-μm capsule). The cartridge is stored at -20°C until extraction (no preservation buffer is added).
Protocols for Molecular Characterization of the Female Reproductive System v1
Authors: Fisher Stephen
Published: October 2022

Here we describe our multi-step protocol to generate a comprehensive molecular characterization of the female reproductive system. We begin with organ procurement that maintains functional characteristics of the uterus, ovaries, and Fallopian tubes and then describe our structured tissue sampling procedure that represents anatomical, physiological, and individual diversity of the female reproductive system, toward full exploration of the function and structure of female reproductive cells. These protocols were developed as part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Human BioMolecular Atlas Program (HuBMAP), we are centered around the 10X Genomics Multiome and 10X Genomics Visium platforms.
Dual staining for gamma delta and alpha beta T cell detection in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) pig tissues v1
Authors: E Wiarda Jayne
Published: October 2022

A combined staining protocol for CD3e immunohistochemistry (IHC) and TRDC RNA in-situ hybridization (RNA-ISH) created for in-situ identification of porcine gamma delta T cells (TRDC+) and alpha beta T cells (TRDC-CD3e+)
City Models and Preventive Planning Strategies for Resilient Cities in Germany
Authors: Kurth Detlef
Published: October 2022

In the face of the Covid-19 crisis, the city model of the new Leipzig Charter of the EU was re-evaluated. The existing urban development model of a mixed and compact city is to be mainly maintained because the urban density or building typology does not influence the spread of Covid-19. But the pandemic has made it clear how important green space and recreation areas are for inner city residential areas. This green space also becomes more important regarding climate adaptation measures to provide cooler air and ventilation. In the framework of the Leipzig Charter of the EU, the German ministry for building adopted the memorandum on Urban Resilience in May 2021. Resilience in this context means that we should not only repair the damage of disasters but also adapt to future crises and make our cities more resilient and sustainable. For this, we need to strengthen preventive strategies in urban development planning connected with urban renewal approaches and ask for extended city models. Planning shapes the future, including counteracting undesirable scenarios with preventive planning. In this sense, future planning and disaster control have common objectives—they take an interdisciplinary approach to prepare for future change, they want to anticipate and prevent danger, protect and expand the infrastructure, and serve the common good. In this article, I will point out how integrated urban development concepts should be extended with aspects of urban resilience, and which city models are important for the future.
Etiological spectrum of cardioembolic strokes in a tertiary care hospital of India: Analysis of one year data
Authors: M Krishna , S Sirisha , A Patil , J Manukinda , PK Yada , S Jayalakshmi , EA Varalakshmi , S Kaul , M Surath
Published: October 2022

Background: Traditionally rheumatic heart disease with mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation has been the common mechanism of cardioembolic strokes in India. However, with the increase in life span and higher detection and development of cardiac diseases, the frequency and etiologic spectrum of cardioembolic stroke in an Indian hospital may be changing. Methods: The case records of patients admitted in the year 2020 were analyzed for the presence of risk factors and identified stroke mechanisms. Results: Among 538 patients of ischemic strokes, cardioembolic source was identified in 156 (29.8%) patients. Five major cardiac sources of embolism were identified: Coronary artery disease (with acute or remote myocardial infarction) 56/156 (35.89%), non valvular atrial fibrillation, 34/156(21.79%), post cardiac intervention 28/156 (17.94%), left atrial cardiomyopathy 20/156 (12.8%), and rheumatic heart disease 13/156 (8.3%). Conclusion: Coronary artery disease, non valvular atrial fibrillation, post intervention stroke and left atrial cardiomyopathy are emerging as common causes of cardioembolic strokes. Rheumatic heart disease continues to be an important but less frequent cause of cardioembolic strokes.
Qualitative prevalence assessment of SARS-CoV2 infection by comparing first, second and third wave data: A sentinel surveillance testing centre study
Authors: R Nagarapu , SL Annapoorna , P Gurappagari , VV Shailaja , ML Bommala
Published: October 2022

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome–related corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Most of the infected people experience with mild to moderate respiratory illness and recovering without any special treatment. Present study is intended to identify the number of people infected with COVID-19 at the time of 1st wave (Aug 2020 to Mar 2021), 2nd wave (Apr 2020 to Nov 2021) and 3rd wave (Dec 2021 to Mar 2022) of pandemic situations, also classify the risk category of subjects and future expectations. Total of 67,165 subjects nasopharyngeal swab samples collected from Government General Hospital, Siddipet and Primary Healthcare Centres of all over the Siddipet district, Telangana, India. Out off 67,165 samples during 1st wave 3550 (23.81%) subjects got COVID-19 infection, in that 2341 (15.70%) were males and 1209 (8.11%) were females. During 2nd wave 5697 (16.93%) subjects infected with COVID-19, in that 3566 (10.60%) were males and 2131 (6.33%) were females and during 3rd wave 3064 (16.46%) subjects infected with COVID-19, in that 1968 (10.57%) were males and 1096 (5.89%) were females. In all three time points males were predominantly infected with SARS-CoV2 compare to females. And also 21-40 age group subjects were highly infected at all three time points 1st wave (11.15%), 2nd wave (9.54%) and 3rd wave (8.63%).
Prevalence of retinopathy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and its association with microalbuminuria and HbA1c: A cross sectional study from Rajasthan
Authors: T Praveena , A Kumar , RK Arya
Published: October 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem with multiple medical complications. Microvascular complications of diabetes including diabetic retinopathy, depend on the duration and severity of hyperglycemia. There is a paucity of data about the relationship among diabetic retinopathy, microalbuminuria and HbA1c in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. The study was conducted on the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its association with microalbuminuria and HbA1c among newly diagnosed T2DM patients. Material and method: It was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Rajasthan. After obtaining written informed consent, data were collected from 150 newly diagnosed T2DM patients. Data were analysed using SPSS 20.0. Categorical variables were presented as proportion and continuous variables were presented as mean (SD). Chi square test and one way ANOVA tests were used for bivariate analysis. Results: The mean (SD) age of patients was 50.43 (12.73) years. About 52.7% (n=79) patients were male. About 30% (n=45) of newly diagnosed T2DM patients had microalbuminuria. Thirty patients (20%) had diabetic retinopathy (DR). About 8% (n=12) participants had mild DR, 10.7% (n=16) had moderate to severe DR and 1.3 (n=2) % had proliferative DR. Microalbuminuria was found significantly associated with HbA1c (P<0.01). Diabetic retinopathy and its severity were also found significantly associated with HbA1c (P<0.01). Conclusion: In newly diagnosed T2DM patients, HbA1c and microalbuminuria are associated with the presence of retinopathy. If follow up studies support these results, periodic ophthalmologic monitoring may be beneficial for those newly diagnosed with T2DM.
Pyogenic granuloma of eyelid: A literature review and case report
Authors: G Dasari , VVLN Rao , KVV Satyanarayana , B Vedula
Published: October 2022

Pyogenic granuloma is an acquired vascular proliferative lesion with associated inflammation, affecting the skin and mucous membranes more frequently. Ocular pyogenic granulomas are rare, involving adnexa, conjunctiva, and cornea. Eyelid pyogenic granuloma is uncommon, associated with chalazion, lid surgeries, lacrimal sac procedures, trauma, predisposing cutaneous lesions, congenital capillary malformations, and idiopathic. We report a case of a 40-year-old male patient who attended our outpatient department with right eye upper lid painless growth, gradually increasing in size in the last two months. The differential diagnosis was burst chalazion, capillary haemangioma, molluscum contagiosum, pilomatricoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma. The lesion was surgically excised, and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. There was no recurrence. This present case illustrates the importance of considering benign inflammatory causes in the differential diagnosis of eyelid mass lesions to avoid unnecessarily aggressive intervention.
Competencies of specialists engaged in the life management rehabilitation
Authors: Starobina Elena M. , Gordievskaya Elena O.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: The need to create qualified human resources of institutions and organizations involved in the comprehensive rehabilitation and habilitation of persons with mental disorders is relevant.
AIMS: To study the content of available professional standards of specialists in the current modern direction of the life management and support for citizens with mental disorders to make the necessary additions and changes based on relevant competencies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the study, data search was conducted. The content of the professional standards of social profile specialists was analyzed. Moreover, information sources regarding the target orientation of the activities of specialists who promote the life and support of citizens with mental disorders were analyzed.
RESULTS: The lists of general professional, personal, and special competencies of specialists involved in the life management and support of citizens with mental disorders were determined. Proposals were made to adjust and introduce new formulations into the substantive parts of their professional standards based on relevant competencies of specialists.
CONCLUSION: The above proposals will be the basis for making reasonable additions to the professional standards of specialists engaged in the life management and support of citizens with mental disorders to improve the system of their professional development and retraining.
Sintaxe e semântica comparativas
Authors: De Andrade Aroldo Leal , Gomes Ana Paula Quadros
Published: October 2022

O objetivo do presente texto é o de oferecer um panorama das direções atuais de pesquisa em sintaxe e semântica comparativas, considerando um breve histórico das duas áreas e as suas tendências internacionais atuais. Uma vez que a Linguística Contrastiva ainda apresenta desenvolvimento relativamente incipiente nos espaços lusófonos, as principais correntes de pesquisa em sintaxe e semântica diacrônica são apresentadas nas vertentes formalista, funcionalista e variacionista, assim como os grupos de pesquisa que os representam, sobretudo no Brasil e em Portugal. Finalmente, descrevem-se as contribuições dos artigos que compõem o dossiê que acompanha o presente texto, assim como uma reflexão sobre os rumos que eles apontam para estudos futuros.
pronome pleno de terceira pessoa no “pretuguês” oitocentista
Authors: Cerqueira Fernanda de Oliveira
Published: October 2022

O presente trabalho visa mapear o comportamento do pronome pleno de terceira pessoa, por meio de sua distribuição sintática e suas relações referenciais, através de suas leituras léxico-semânticas, partindo da Teoria de traços-φ (CARVALHO, 2008, 2017; CERQUEIRA, 2015, 2019, 2020b; HARBOUR; ADGER; BÉJAR, 2008), em atas produzidas, na Salvador do século XIX (OLIVEIRA, 2006), a fim de verificar quais características desse fenômeno já se manifestavam nessa modalidade do Português Brasileiro oitocentista. Diante disso, para compreensão de pronome como elemento decomponível, a pesquisa se pauta na perspectiva gerativista (CHOMSKY, 1995 e posteriores), cujas diretrizes norteiam as variáveis linguísticas selecionadas: posição sintática do pronome, leituras de definitude, de especificidade e de animacidade, além de gênero e de número. Quanto ao enquadramento sociohistórico, o método quantitativo possibilitou a verificação de caminhos para compreensão do retrato da variante plena de terceira pessoa, na comunidade linguística em questão (LABOV, 1972). Portanto, verificou-se que o pronome pleno de terceira pessoa no pretuguês oitocentista soteropolitano é favorecido em posição de sujeito (59,78%), embora já ocorresse em posição de objeto direto (2,11%) e de objeto preposicionado (8,98%). Tende a apresentar leitura definida (94,7%), específica (98,94%) e animada (75,13%). Também ocorre com maior frequência como masculino (81,48%) e singular (90,57%), aspectos fortemente atrelados ao gênero textual ata, assim como ao perfil da comunidade em questão.
estudo diacrônico sobre a polaridade negativa no sintagma nominal
Authors: Namiuti Cristiane , Silva Fernanda Gusmão
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo trata da posposição do indefinido “algum” em relação ao nome substantivo para instanciar a polaridade negativa no sintagma nominal na diacronia da língua portuguesa, buscando compreender: (i) a natureza da estrutura [N+algum] em textos portugueses do século XVI, XVII, XVIII e XIX, e em textos brasileiros do século XIX; e (ii) o processo de gramaticalização da estrutura como um Item de polaridade Negativa (IPN) na história da língua. Verificou-se que a estrutura [N+algum], com inversão, nos séculos XVI e XVII, Português Clássico (PCL), podia ser usada com valor não negativo e que outros elementos podiam ocorrer no interior do sintagma nominal, inclusive com a possibilidade da flexão e não adjacência entre o nome e o indefinido. Tais fatos corroboraram a hipótese de que no PCL a estrutura [N+algum] não estava gramaticalizada como um IPN e o valor negativo era valorado pela presença de um operador de negação sentencial, preposição ou conjunção negativa em domínio sintático superior. Conclui-se que o indefinido no PCL realiza o núcleo da categoria determinante (D) mesmo nas estruturas com inversão, sendo estas derivadas do movimento da parte lexical do sintagma à posição de especificador do sintagma determinante (DP, do inglês Determiner Phrase) fato que contempla as propriedades de categoria D de “algum” no PCL.
Sujeitos e objetos nulos em português brasileiro
Authors: Othero Gabriel de Ávila , Lazzari Melissa
Published: October 2022

Sujeitos pronominais e nulos e objetos diretos anafóricos estão entre os principais fenômenos gramaticais que diferenciam as variedades do português brasileiro e europeu (cf. CYRINO; MATOS, 2016; DUARTE; FIGUEIREDO SILVA, 2016). No português brasileiro (PB), as orações com sujeitos pronominais referenciais são preferidas em detrimento das orações com sujeitos nulos – que são restritas a alguns contextos (cf. AYRES, 2021, DUARTE; REIS, 2018); por outro lado, orações com objetos diretos anafóricos nulos, especialmente objetos diretos de 3ª pessoa, são preferíveis a orações com objeto direto pronominal (cf. CYRINO, 1993, 1997). A literatura que relaciona ambos os fenômenos na história do PB mostra que houve uma mudança na seguinte direção: objetos nulos e sujeitos pronominais tiveram uma frequência crescente ao longo dos últimos séculos. Aqui defendemos uma relação ligando ambos os fenômenos no PB: ambos são sensíveis ao gênero semântico do referente quando se trata de realização de pronome de 3ª pessoa. Apoiamos tal hipótese trazendo dados de nossos trabalhos anteriores e de trabalhos de colegas. Também defendemos uma diferença crucial entre os dois fenômenos: embora objetos nulos estejam estabilizados na gramática do PB, apresentamos dados empíricos que mostram evidências de mudança no tempo aparente em sujeitos pronominais de 3ª pessoa. Coletamos e analisamos dados de um corpus oral contemporâneo (LínguaPOA) e aqui mostramos que (i) não existe mais a assimetria entre sujeitos de 1ª e 2ª pessoa (por um lado) e sujeitos de 3ª pessoa (por outro); (ii) sujeitos nulos de 1ª e 2ª pessoa são fenômenos estabilizados; e (iii) sujeitos nulos de 3ª pessoa ainda estão em processo de mudança.
Entre accomplishments e atividades
Authors: Martins Gabriela Vilela Souza , Amaral Luana Lopes
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho se propõe a analisar e a classificar aspectualmente os verbos de editoração do inglês e do português: to edit/editar ou editorar, to copy edit/preparar, to proofread/revisar, to typeset/diagramar e to format/formatar. Esses verbos se apresentam como um interessante objeto de análise no âmbito do aspecto lexical porque possuem tanto características de accomplishments quanto características de atividades. Esse tipo de comportamento dúbio foi amplamente estudado na literatura sobre aspecto e é normalmente atribuído a propriedades do VP. No caso dos verbos de editoração, porém, a variabilidade da classificação aspectual parece não estar estritamente atrelada ao tipo de complemento, mas à incrementalidade da ação descrita pelo verbo. Assim, para a análise desses verbos, adotamos o modelo bidimensional de representação do aspecto lexical, numa abordagem cognitivo-funcional, propondo que esses verbos possuem propriedades aspectuais que estão na interseção entre accomplishments e atividades. Nossos resultados indicam que os verbos de editoração especificam um tipo de mudança direcional. Assim, eles possuem potencial para serem (re)construídos como mudanças direcionais télicas (accomplishments) ou atélicas (atividades), a depender da forma como o falante pretende descrever o evento de editoração.
Three-Dimensional Printing Technologies for Drug Delivery Applications: Processes, Materials, and Effects
Authors: Mancilla-De-la-Cruz Jessica , Rodriguez-Salvador Marisela , An Jia , Chua Chee Kai
Published: October 2022

: Since the 1930s, new methods of drug delivery, such as implantable devices with drug release control, have been developed. However, manufacturing techniques require bulk due to high initial production costs. Three-dimensional (3D) printing, also known as additive manufacturing or rapid prototyping, allows the fabrication of personalized drug delivery that uses different materials and complex geometries with multiple release profiles, thereby eradicating high initial costs. Different studies have been developed showing the extensive potential of 3D printing for the pharmaceutical industry, and despite in-depth discussions that have been published, there is no comprehensive review of processes, materials, and effects in drug delivery applications thus far. This review aims to fill this gap by presenting the use of 3D printing technology for drug delivery, exposing the different variations of the technique according to the characteristics, material, and dosage form sought. There are seven main categories of 3D printing according to the standards jointly developed by International Organization for Standardization and American Society for Testing and Materials: material jetting, binder jetting, material extrusion, vat photopolymerization, powder bed fusion, sheet lamination, and directed energy deposition. There are different 3D fabrication processes used for drug delivery applications depending on the dosage form and material applied. In this context, polymers, glasses, and hydrogels represent the most frequent materials used. 3D printing allows different forms of drug dosage. Oral, topical, rectal and vaginal, parental and implantable are discussed in this paper, presenting the identification of the type of 3D printing technology, the active pharmaceutical ingredient, formulation, and pharmaceutical effect. The main aim of this paper is to offer insights to people from academy and industry who are interested in the advancement of drug delivery and in knowing the future directions in the development of 3D printing applications in this area.
Mechanism and management of antibiotic drug resistance tuberculosis
Authors: Gohil Chirag J , Parmar Ketan C. , Patel Priyanka R. , Gohil Jignakumari J.
Published: October 2022

Drug resistance in tuberculosis has been shown to result from spontaneous mutation in several chromosomal genes of M.Tuberculosis. Mutation may reduce the medications' capacity to bind to the target genes. In many patients polydrug resistance, multidrug resistance, rifampicin resistance (RR) and extensive drug resistance (XDR) were seen. The diagnosis of drug-resistant TB in HIV-positive persons is more difficult and may be confused with other pulmonary or systemic infections. Management of patients with mono- or poly-resistant TB will be done with standard first line chemotherapy. Treatment of latent infection for people suffering from multidrug resistant bacilli is problematic because the only cure by isoniazid and rifampicin. In the recent cases of severe hepatotoxicity associated with preventive treatment comprising either pyrazinamide and rifampicin or pyrazinamide and fluoroquinolone. The use of dilatory fluoroquinolones, such as moxifloxacin, remarkable improved treatment outcomes of XDR-TB.
Chromatographic estimation of cefetamet pivoxil in bulk and tablet dosage form: Development and validation approach
Authors: Palled M. S. , Bhanusali Mahesh , Suryawanshi Shailendra S.
Published: October 2022

Cefetamet pivoxil is an oral third generation cephalosporin class of antibiotic which is mainly used in the treatment and management of both upper and lower community acquired respiratory tract infection. Many branded and generic formulations are available in tablet dosage forms in market, hence the quality control of Cefetamet pivoxil play an important role in pharmaceutical industry. In the present research work an attempt has been made to develop and validate cost effective, simple, precise, robust and rugged chromatographic method for estimation of Cefetamet pivoxil in bulk and tablets. Chromatographic method was developed using HPLC instrument. The separation was based on isocratic reverse phase chromatographic mode using C-18 column as stationary phase and mobile phase composed of acetonitrile: water (80:20 v/v) at ambient temperature using UV detection at 251 nm. Developed method was validated by analyzing parameters such as specificity, selectivity, linearity, range, precision, robustness, ruggedness, detection limit, quantification limit and drug recovery. All the method validation reportwas found to be within the acceptance as per ICH guidelines. Linearity was found between the range of 10 – 50 mg/ml. The results obtained from the validation data showed that method was specific, selective, linear, precise, accurate, robust and rugged and hence can be used for estimation of Cefetamet pivoxil in bulk and tablets dosage forms.
Hair greying & its palliative management
Authors: Chaudhry Sunil
Published: October 2022

Going grey has a perception of person getting old and not attractive. Therefore, lot of remedies are tried to colour the affected part of scalp. Use of measures to colour hair or use of medications to change the grey hair to black is only a temporary phenomenon which may not last long as the melanin a pigment which imparts colour to hair is gradually decreased. Men have greying much faster than women. Thyroid hormones [triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4)] and the central neuroendocrine regulator of the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) axis, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which is produced within human scalp stimulate melanin production. Thus, both in hypo and hyperthyroid state greying can occur. This is also altered in Postmenopausal changes include decreased anagen hairs in the frontal scalp, lower growth rates. The preferred action is to have balanced diet, adequate vitamins, avoiding excessive exposure to sun and lubrication of hair regularly with any oil.
Smoking among dental students: consumption and risk factors
Authors: Malhotra Akshi , Ali Akif , Dikshit Arpita , Kamra Sanchi , Verma Arjun Singh , Soni Tamanna
Published: October 2022

As the populations of age groups of 16-18 years continue to indulge in smoking as a lifestyle habit, it becomes more important to understand the reasoning behind the same. Therefore, Dental professionals act as the first line of defence towards finding the right solution. A clear understanding of the prevalence of smoking among dental students is necessary in order to understand the attitudes and perspective of such a young adult studying in a dental college. The aim of this study is to analyse the smoking habits among students of dental colleges and try to gauge a deeper knowledge about their outlook. The present study was conducted through a survey-based questionnaire prepares on Google Forms to assess the prevalence of smoking, knowledge and attitudes about the habit of a group of 150 dental college students ranging from first year to internship. Survey data was first collated in Microsoft Excel, and thereafter analysed using statistical methods such as Pivot Table Technique, Subtotal Formula, Ratio Analysis, averages, weighted percentages and mean calculations. It was concluded that a need for a smoke- free campus, stricter restrictions against smoking in campus and counselling for the users of cigarettes is necessitated.
The Role of Touristic Product Components in Destination Selection
Authors: GORAL Ramazan , AKGOZ Erkan , KAPUSUZ Ayse GOKCEN , YURTLU Murat
Published: October 2022

This research analyzed the effect of the main touristic product components (Cultural and Natural Attractions, Tourism Services Infrastructure, Transportation Facilities, Price Accessibility, and Image) on tourists’ destination selection in the seven most-visited destinations in the world in 2020 (France, Spain, the USA, China, Italy, Turkey, and Mexico). The selected destinations were analyzed and compared with the PROMETHEE technique, using the data in the 2019 reports of the “Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index” and the "Tourism Brand Country Ranking." The results of the analysis showed the order of superiority of the destinations as Spain, France, Italy, China, the USA, Mexico, and Turkey. The criteria and effect levels that affected this ranking are examined in detail for each destination in the findings section of this paper. It was concluded that Turkey fell behind in the ranking due, in particular, to its low performance in the Cultural and Natural Attractiveness category, despite its rich cultural and natural values. This research reveals that differences in the ranking of the 7 countries that attract the most tourists in the world depend on the characteristics of the various touristic product components, and the reasons for these differences are within the touristic product components framework.
Human Health and Ecological Risks Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Automobile and Non-Erosive Sites in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: F S Nworie , F I Nwabue , N O Omaka , SO Ngele , C E Oroke , AC Ike-Amadi , N Mgbemena , C Onyekwere
Published: October 2022

Global concern is on the rise of ecological and human health risk associated with unregulated and unabated discharge of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) into the environment. This work investigated the concentration of PTEs, evaluated the sources and level of soil pollution and analyzed the level of ecological and human health risks. The study involves sample size (n =120) of one hundred and twenty soil samples collected from six spatial different areas of Ebonyi State. Determination of the concentration of the PTEs was executed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The degree of discrete distribution of the concentration of PTEs and relationship among them was achieved using descriptive statistical analysis and correlation coefficient. Automobile sites based on the result proved to have higher concentrations of PTEs in relation to nonerosive soils. The mean concentration of Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Fe and Cu were 689.48, 0.649, 694, 48.84, 6039.82 and 91.02 mg/kg respectively in automobile sites while in nonerosive soils, it was 8.33, 0.26, 2.82, 1.21, 11.99 and 4.36 mg/kg respectively. The overall ecological risk index and degree of contamination are 317.21 and 59.69 for automobile sites and 72.22 and 2.76 for non –erosive sites respectively. This indicates automobile sites to be of high degree of contamination and of high ecological risk. Evaluation of carcinogenic risk shows that Zn, Cu, Ni and Pb are of high cancer risks in the automobile sites for children and adults. Among all the studied PTEs, Zn and Pb poses significant health and ecological risks.
Anti-Oxidative and Sensory Properties of Rice Cooked with Thaumatoccoccus Danielli Leaf Extracts
Authors: Akinyemi Osunrinade Oludolapo , Blessing Taiwo Olajesu , Olayiwola Adedokun Simeon
Published: October 2022

The use of leaf for wrapping food is an ancient practice. Wrapping of cooked rice with Thaumatococcus daniellii have been reported to increase consumers’ appeal and functionality. There is dearth of information on exploring the use of T. daniellii leaf extract as an additive during rice cooking. This study evaluated the antioxidant and sensory properties of rice cooked with the inclusion of Thaumatococcus danielli leaf extract. Cold extraction of leaf was done using hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water. The rice samples cooked with different Thaumatococcus danielli leaf extracts were analyzed for antioxidant and colour properties using standard methods. Sensory evaluation of cooked rice samples using 9-point hedonic scale was carried out by thirty-member panelists. The antioxidant properties determined were total phenolic content (0.37- 0.44 mg/g), Total flavonoid content (6.6-7.9 mg/100g), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (29.96 -39.82%), total antioxidant capacity (3.57-4.71 mg/g), ferric reducing antioxidant power (3.93-4.37 mg/100g). The instrumental lightness (L*) measurement of cooked rice ranged from 44.13 to 53.95, redness and greenness (a*) ranged from -4.91 to -3.02, yellowness – blue (b*) ranged from 13.22 to 15.94. Sensorial assessment showed that rice cooked with water extract of T. daniellii leaf was the most acceptable. There was significant difference (p<0.05) in antioxidant, colour and sensory properties of cooked rice samples. Thaumatococcus daniellii leaf extracts increased the antioxidant properties of cooked rice and imparted a higher sensorial acceptability.
EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA EM UMA PERSPECTIVA FREIRIANA
Authors: Da Silva Lucélio Ferreira , Carvalho Martha Milene Fontenelle , Xavier Mércia Maria Peixoto , Milagres Nilma Vieira
Published: October 2022

Resumo  Este artigo tem como abordagem uma breve discussão sobre o livro de Paulo Freire, Pedagogia do oprimido (1987), e sua influência enquanto uma proposta para pensar a inclusão escolar, permeando a relação dos conceitos de opressor e oprimido e a inclusão/exclusão de pessoas com deficiência. O presente trabalho justifica-se pela necessidade de promover debates e a análise de textos que contribuíram para a libertação do excluído e do oprimido. Percebemos, nesse processo, grandes contribuições na perspectiva da educação no âmbito social, cultural e inclusiva. Este artigo é uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, tendo como metodologia uma análise de caráter bibliográfico, formando uma reflexão com a prática educativa que possibilite e contribua com a inclusão e libertação do excluído/oprimido. Palavras – Chave: Inclusão, oprimido, pessoas com deficiência.  Abstract This article has as approach a brief discussion about Paulo Freire’s book, Pedagogia do oprimido (1987), and its influence as a proposal to think about school inclusion, which permeates the relation between the concepts of oppressor and oppressed and the inclusion/exclusion of people with disabilities. The present work justifies its existence by the need to promote debates and the analysis of texts that have contributed to the liberation of the excluded and the oppressed. We perceived, in this process, great contributions from the perspective of education in the social, cultural and inclusive sphere. This article is a qualitative research, it has a methodology based on a bibliographic analysis, forming a reflection that enables and contributes to the inclusion and liberation of the excluded/oppressed.   Key-words: Inclusion, oppressed, people with disabilities.
LA DOCENCIA DE MATEMÁTICA: LA PARRESIA ÉTICA EN LA FIGURA DEL MAESTRO
Authors: Duarte Castillo Ana , Dos Remédios de Brito Maria
Published: October 2022

Este ensayo tiene como objetivo analizar elementos de Parresia ética, a través del Cuidado de si, como prueba de vida, en trechos narrativos de futuros maestros que van a enseñar matemática. Para ello, se considera el aula del 22 de febrero de 1984, donde Foucault presenta un diálogo entre Sócrates y Laques, querevela una Parresia ética, por medio del “hablar de manera franca”. Se estudia el “bios” como objeto de cuidado y como el punto de partida de toda una práctica y de toda actividad filosófica. El texto posee una introducción que describe la triada Educación-Negligencia -Cuidado. En la segunda parte se describe el diálogo entre Sócrates y Laques, y por qué este dialogo en particular. Y en la tercera parte se presentan reflexiones para ejercer la parresia en el contexto de la Docencia en Matemática, considerando la narrativa de una maestra en formación que enseñara matemática para niños, como por ejemplo una practica de coraje.