bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Numbered Heads Together (NHT) terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Sistem Ekskresi
Authors: Yuliana Lusia Retno , Susanti R , Bintari Siti Harnina
Published: September 2018

This aims of this research is to determine the application of NHT learning to student learning outcomes on the material of excretion system. The learning outcomes from this research is the result of learning in the affective and cognitive domain. Research with form of Pre-Experimental Design was held at SMPN 9 Semarang with class VIII D and VIII E as a research sample. Affective learning results show that 62,50% of students are in good categories and 29,69% are in very good category. The results of the N-gain test on students cognitive learning outcomes obtained from the posttest showed a gain of 0,61 with the medium improvement category. The final value analysis shows that 100% of students have complete their learning. Relatively, students give positive responses to the learning method that applied.  Learning is accomplished with a value 90% on very high implementation criteria. The conclusion of this research is the method of learning using NHT method can improve student learning outcomes in the material excretion system
Utilization of Social Issues in PBL to Improve Problem-Solving Abilities of High School Students in Ecosystem Material
Authors: Rahmawati Kamalia Nurazizah , Saptono Sigit , Peniati Endah
Published: September 2018

Problem-solving skills related social-scientific issue in society’enviroment need to be owned by students. This capability can be trained by  PBL (Problem Based Learning) model. The purpose of this research is to analyze problem solving abilities of students. The type of this research is quasi experiment with one group pretest-posttest design. Sample of the research is X grade students from SMA N 1 Semarang and SMA Ksatrian 1 Semarang. The result consisted of primary outcome in the form of capability, N-gain value and classical content mastering as well as secondary outcome covering the implementation of learning, teacher's response and student's response. Based on the result, the average of problem solving ability SMA N 1 Semarang increased from 70% to 79,5%, while SMA Ksatrian 1 Semarang increased from 59,5% to 73%. Completeness of classical learning  SMA N 1 Semarang, class X MIPA 7, 97% and class X MIPA 9, 79%. The completeness of classical learning SMA Ksatrian 1 Semarang, class X MIPA 3, 80% and class X MIPA 5, 65%. N-gain value of SMA N 1 Semarang 0,553 and SMA Ksatrian 1 Semarang 0,433 in medium category. The conclusion of this research is the utilization of social issue with PBL model can improve problem solving ability on ecosystem’learning in SMA.
Direct Per-Oral Pancreatoscopy as a Diagnostic Tool for Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm
Authors: Anderloni Andrea , Fugazza Alessandro , Troncone Edoardo , Carrara Silvia , Rovati Andrea , Spaggiari Paola , Repici Alessandro
Published: September 2018

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Reply
Authors: Portincasa Piero , Caponio Francesco , Montagna Maria Teresa
Published: September 2018

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Whipple’s Disease: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Francesco Vincenzo De , Corsi Fabrizio , Pennella Antonio , Bellesia Annamaria , Fiorini Giulia , Vaira Dino , Zullo Angelo
Published: September 2018

Whipple’s disease (WD) is known as an infrequent, systemic, chronic infection caused by the actinomycete Tropherima whipplei (T. whipplei). The disease is frequently characterized by a long prodromal and protean extra-intestinal phase, which often causes misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatments. Herein, we describe the case a 62-year-old man with a histological diagnosis of WD established when oral steroid treatment was started due to rheumatic manifestations, triggering intestinal symptoms. Systematic review of the literature was performed to include studies where WD was eventually diagnosed on duodenal biopsies. Three patients’ subgroups were identified according to the clinical presentation.
Digestive Disease Interventions
Authors: Caraiani Cosmin , Ciobanu Lidia
Published: September 2018

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Mitochondrial Neurogastrointestinal Encephalomyopathy Imitating Crohn’s Disease: A Rare Cause of Malnutrition
Authors: Kučerová Lenka , Dolina Jiří , Dastych Milan , Bartušek Daniel , Honzík Tomáš , Mazanec Jan , Kunovský Lumír
Published: September 2018

Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by a mutation in the TYMP gene encoding thymidine phosphorylase. MNGIE causes gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms in homozygous individuals and is often misdiagnosed as anorexia nervosa, inflammatory bowel disease, or celiac disease. We present the case of a 26-year-old female with MNGIE, who was initially diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and Crohn’s disease. The diagnosis of MNGIE was established by biochemical confirmation of elevated serum and urine thymidine and deoxyuridine levels after multiple examinations and several years of disease progression and ineffective treatment. Subsequent molecular genetic testing demonstrated a homozygous TYMP gene mutation. MNGIE should be considered in patients with unexplained malnutrition, intestinal dysmotility, and atypical neurological symptoms.
Mesalazine to Treat Symptomatic Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease and to Prevent Acute Diverticulitis Occurrence. A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trials
Authors: Picchio Marcello , Elisei Walter , Tursi Antonio
Published: September 2018

Background & Aims: Symptomatic Uncomplicated Diverticular disease (SUDD) affects about 25% of patients harboring colonic diverticula. We assessed the effectiveness of mesalazine in improving symptoms (namely abdominal pain, primary outcome) and in preventing diverticulitis occurrence (secondary outcome) in patients with SUDD.

Methods: Pertinent studies were selected from the Medline and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) (irrespective of language, blinding, or publication status), which compared mesalazine, irrespective of the dosage assumption, with placebo in SUDD were evaluated.

Results: Four RCTs enrolled 379 patients, 197 treated with mesalazine and 182 with placebo. Two studies provided data on symptom relief according to definition: it was achieved in 97/121 (80%) patients in the mesalazine group and in 81/129 (62.7%) patients in the placebo group (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.24-0.75; p=0.003 in favour of the mesalazine group). Two studies provided information regarding occurrence of diverticulitis during follow-up. It occurred in 23/119 (19.3%) patients in the mesalazine group and in 34/102 (33.3%) patients in the placebo group (OR 0.35; 95% CI 0.17-0.70; p=0.003 in favour of the mesalazine group).

Conclusions: Treatment with mesalazine seems to be effective in achieving symptom relief and in the primary prevention of diverticulitis in patients with SUDD.
Dissipative Rayleigh–Taylor Instability and its Contribution to the Formation of an Interface between Biomaterials at Their Electric Welding
Authors: Bulavin L. A. , Tkachenko V. I.
Published: September 2018

The dissipative Rayleigh–Taylor instability, which can arise at the interface between biomaterials under the action of high-frequency currents, has been considered. A mechanism describing the formation of a corrugated boundary of the mesomorphic phase is proposed. The corrugation period and depth are evaluated.
An inventory of avian species in Aldesa Valley, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alatawi Abdulaziz S. , Bled Florent , Belant Jerrold L.
Published: September 2018

Conducting species inventories is important to provide baseline information essential for management and conservation. Aldesa Valley lies in the Tabuk Province of northwest Saudi Arabia and because of the presence of permanent water, is thought to contain high avian richness. We conducted an inventory of avian species in Aldesa Valley, using timed area-searches during May 10–August 10 in 2014 and 2015 to detect species occurrence. We detected 6860 birds belonging to 19 species. We also noted high human use of this area including agriculture and recreational activities. Maintaining species diversity is important in areas receiving anthropogenic pressures, and we encourage additional surveys to further identify species occurrence in Aldesa Valley.
AN INVESTIGATION ON CORROSION INHIBITORS FOR STEEL IN ETHANOL FUEL BLEND
Authors: Nam Nguyễn Đăng
Published: September 2018

Cerium (III) chloride, sodium 4-hydroxycinnamate, and cerium 4-hydroxycinnamate have been successfully characterized as effective anodic, cathodic, and mixed inhibitors for steel in ethanol fuel blend by electrochemical and surface analyses. Electrochemical and surface analyses indicate that good inhibition performances are due to the formation of protective layer as a result of adsorption between the metal and inhibitor components. In addition, the inhibition mechanism of each inhibitor is also suggested and discussed in detail.
Characterization of Epoxidized Natural Rubber for Coating Application
Authors: Ha Nguyen Thu , Quan Nguyen Hong , Ha Cao Hong , Linh Nguyen Pham Duy , Nghia Phan Trung
Published: September 2018

Epoxidized natural rubber was prepared by epoxidation of natural rubber with fresh peracetic acid in latex stage. The epoxidized natural rubbers with epoxy group content of 8, 15 and 27 mol% were prepared by adjusting the amount of fresh peracetic. The characterization of resulting materials was carried out through NMR spectroscopy, gel content determination and particle size measurement. The epoxidized natural rubber with various epoxy group contents were coated on the surface of the wood substrate by spin coating technique. The contact angle measurement and bending test were made for wood coated by epoxidized natural rubbers. The results show that the obtained epoxidized natural rubber is liquid resistance as is evident in high contact angle of water and poly(ethylene glycol) solution on the rubber surface. The bending strength of wood is improved by coating epoxidized natural rubber. The material with epoxy group content of 15 mol% is suitable for the protection of the wood surface.
Corrosion of stainless steel water storage tanks exposed in coastal atmospheric conditions
Authors: NGUYEN NHI TRU , TRAN MAI HAN , VU ANH QUANG , LUU HOANG TAM , BUI THI THAO NGUYEN
Published: September 2018

Results of corrosion survey for stainless steel tanks used in water storage at various coastal areas are presented. Corrosion damages were revealed at both the outer and inner surfaces of tanks made of 304 and 201 steel grades. Corrosion deterioration was more severely observed for the atmospheric areas with higher airborne salinity and time of wetness.  Corrosion products examined by visual inspection and SEM-EDX technique show relatively distinctive characteristics for outer and inner surfaces which are attributed to different mechanisms of corrosion initiated by various corrosive agents in the atmosphere. Atmospheric chlorides from airborne sources are considered the main reason for causing corrosion of 304 and 201 steel grade water tanks.
HIGH PROTECTION PERFORMANCE OF COATING SYSTEMS BASED ON ZINC RICH PRIMER AND FLUOROPOLYMER COATING
Authors: Vu Ke Oanh , To Thi Xuan Hang , Trinh Anh Truc , Nguyen Thuy Duong , Pham Gia Vu , Nguyen Anh Son , Thai Thu Thuy , Tanabe Hiroyuki , Aoki Ryuichi
Published: September 2018

Coating systems based on zinc rich primer and fluoropolymer top coat were exposed for 8 years at different atmospheric stations in Vietnam: Hanoi, Ha Long and Nha Trang. For comparison the coating system with zinc rich primer and polyurethane topcoat was also tested. The degradations of coating systems were evaluated by gloss measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The obtained results show that coating systems with zinc rich primer and top coatings based on fluoropolymer  and polyurethane topcoats show very high weather resistance and corrosion protection performance, but the systems with fluoropolymer are better than coating system with polyurethane topcoat.
Análise bibliométrica da produção científica nacional em Ergonomia e Segurança do Trabalho: SIMPEP 2010-2015
Authors: Gaitan Aneyquel Ricardo , Xavier Antonio Augusto , Picinin Claudia Tania
Published: September 2018

A Ergonomia e Segurança do Trabalho é uma área de muita importância para as atividades laborais, procura oferecer ao trabalhador conforto ergonômico, físico e psicológico. Este estudo busca analisar de forma quantitativa a tendência de como se está desenvolvendo a produção científica nessa área, observando as diferenças existentes entre as subáreas que compõem o campo da Ergonomia. A amostra se tomou dos artigos publicados no período de 2010 a 2015 no SIMPEP. Para uma interpretação objetiva dos dados utilizaram-se os métodos estatísticos de correlação de Spearman, Anova e Kruska Wallis. Optou-se por esses métodos após verificar a linearidade dos dados. Os resultados mostraram que as produções de Ergonomia e Segurança de Trabalho têm uma  tendência irregular, tal o caso das desigualdades existentes das publicações entre as subáreas de Biomecânica Ocupacional e Análise e Prevenção de Riscos e Acidentes, que mostram diferenças significativas(p=0,020). O artigo contribui para observar que é preciso um avanço em pesquisas na área de Ergonomia e que estas devem envolver todas as suas subáreas, para que esta disciplina científica se desenvolva de forma equitativa.
Drivers do retorno e da recomendação em food trucks na cidade de Belo Horizonte
Authors: Gosling Marlusa De Sevilha , Lameira Igor Laranjeira , Forte Felipe William Toledo , Reis Victor Negreiros Pinheiro
Published: September 2018

Food trucks têm sido vistos como uma boa alternativa para clientes. O objetivo desse estudo, de caráter descritivo, foi analisar elementos que influenciam o retorno e a recomendação de food trucks na cidade de Belo Horizonte. Primeiramente, houve uma fase qualitativa, em que foram realizadas entrevistas presenciais que colaboraram para a formulação de um questionário, que foi aplicado por meio de um survey online e analisado pelo software estatístico SPSS, através da regressão linear múltipla. Dentre os resultados encontrados, os aspectos sociais são a dimensão que exerce maior influência no retorno aos food trucks, enquanto a qualidade é a dimensão que mais influencia a recomendação dos estabelecimentos.
Arranjos Organizacionais: análise bibliométrica da produção científica nacional no período de 2006 a 2015
Authors: De Sousa Luana Saraiva , Gonçalves Anderson Tiago Peixoto , Melo Jéssica Bruna de Oliveira , De Azevedo José Helton
Published: September 2018

O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a produção científica nacional sobre as principais tipologias de Arranjos Organizacionais, no período de 2006 a 2015. Foram coletados artigos científicos publicados nos principais Periódicos da área de Engenharia de Produção, classificados nos estratos do Qualis da CAPES, quais sejam: Revistas Produção Online, Produção, Gestão & Produção e GEPROS; bem como nos Anais dos Eventos mais representativos da área: ENEGEP, SIMPEP, SIMPOI e SEMEAD. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, quantitativo, que utilizou como procedimento técnico a bibliometria sob a abordagem da cienciometria. A coleta de dados reportou 964 artigos publicados no período. Os resultados apresentados indicaram que 191 artigos foram publicados em Periódicos, sendo a Revista Gestão & Produção o destaque com 124 publicações, e o ano de 2014 o pico no volume de publicações;  773 artigos foram publicados em Eventos, sendo 439 no ENEGEP, e 2010 o ano com maior número de publicações; os tipos de Arranjos mais abordados, somando-se os resultados dos Periódicos e dos Anais de Eventos, foram as Cadeias de Suprimentos, as Cooperativas e os Arranjos Produtivos Locais; enquanto que Consórcio Modular e o Condomínio Industrial ainda são Arranjos pouco abordados.
Processo de desenvolvimento de produto no setor de embalagens: proposta de inovação incremental com enfoque na maior praticidade no uso do papel alumínio
Authors: De Oliveira Denis Ramos , De Menezes Kaique Messias , De Oliveira Mendes Gustavo Tiradentes , Rosa Gustavo Pereira , De Melo Gustavo Alves , Peixoto Maria Gabriela Mendonça
Published: September 2018

Este artigo teve como objetivo apresentar uma proposta de desenvolvimento de embalagem para papel alumínio dotada de mecanismo de corte móvel e com proteção ao usuário. Com base na simulação de uma pesquisa de mercado, verificou-se a existência de uma lacuna representada pelos consumidores de papel alumínio insatisfeitos com os resultados do corte deste produto. Frente a isso, diversos são os casos observados em que há dificuldades associadas ao corte do papel, onde o consumidor precisa utilizar uma tesoura ou outro instrumento, ocorrendo um desperdício de papel. Para tanto, foram utilizadas ferramentas e técnicas de tomada de decisão para processos de desenvolvimento de produto, tais como, QFD, Análise de Custos, FMEA, Benchmarking, SWOT e Análise Ergonômica. Dessa forma, o formato desta proposta buscou proporcionar, ao consumidor, maior praticidade, segurança e precisão no corte do papel, sendo que fatores como, o baixo custo de matéria-prima e a complexidade da embalagem, aliados à grande utilidade e carência de mercado, podem intensificar, ainda mais, as chances de o produto se inserir no setor de embalagens, com um grande potencial competitivo.
Effects of Rural Experience Activities on Self-Esteem and the Formation of Family Ties
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lee Sang-Hoon , Choi Sung-Jun
Published: September 2018

This study examined the relationship between rural experience activities, self-esteem, and family ties to create alternatives and to provide suggestions related to family issues that are emerging in society today. Rural experience activities were divided into rural culture, deviation, and relationship, while self-dimension and family ties were composed of one factor. The research site was selected as Sumi village in Yangpyeong-gun, and 200 questionnaires were distributed through a survey to utilize a total of 192 samples as research materials. Analysis was performed using PLS-SEM, which minimizes the error of measurement variables and the error of prediction between potential factors and maximizes the predictive power. The results showed that rural tourists' experiences had a significant impact on self-esteem. Of these, it was found that having a relationship experience played a greater role in creating self-esteem than having experienced a rural culture and a deviation. Self-esteem created by rural experience activities had a positive effect on the formation of family ties.
The Effects of Horror Filming Location’s Emotional Image on Travel Intention: A Case of the Movie “Gokseong” and the Location Gokseong(Jeollanam-do)
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lim Jee-Eun , Kang Jae-Wan
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the moderating effect of watching a horror movie on the relationship between emotional image and travel intention. An analysis of 176 responses from potential tourists through structural equation model analysis and multiple group analysis yielded the following results. First, three sub-factors of emotional image - traditionality, uniqueness, and comfortableness - had a significant influence on travel intention, but two sub-factors, dynamic and visibility, did not have a significant influence on travel intention. Second, watching the horror movie moderated the relationship between three sub-factors of emotional image - dynamic, traditionality, and uniqueness - on travel intention, supporting the research hypothesis. However, watching the horror movie didn’t moderate the relationship between the sub-factors of comfortableness and visibility. Results of the study confirmed that emotional image of tourist spots and mode of expression in a film influence the travel intention of potential tourists. This study presents theoretical and practical implications to facilitate the development of the tourism industry.
The Analysis of Types of Complaints at Local Tourist Sites Through CIT: Gangwha Island
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Song Young-Min , Kang Jun-Soo
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the various types of complaints at Gangwha Island, a famous tourist site, through critical incident technique (CIT) to minimize tourists' inconvenience. The use of CIT characteristics in this study is made up of the opinions of complaints through interviews and participation observations. Therefore, this paper focused on collecting various complaints that had been expressed by tourists to Gangwha Island. Many tourists prefer this place because it has many historical relics and vibrant cultural heritage. However, contrary to their expectations, many tourists are disappointed by realizing insufficient administrative processes, a lack of information and safety management, an unreasonable rate system, sanitation problems, inadequate facilities, unkindness, and traffic congestion. Particularly, tourists disapprove of the idea that there is no chance for improvement in spite of their complaints and demands. In conclusion, Gangwha Island officials, the owners of restaurants, and facility managers should pay keen attention to the complaints made by tourists to secure positive image and brand value as a popular tourist destination.
CONTEXTO RELIGIOSO, SOCIAL, POLÍTICO Y EDUCATIVO DEL SUR DEL PERÚ DURANTE LA LLEGADA DEL ADVENTISMO A INICIOS DEL SIGLO XX SEGÚN LA LITERATURA NO ADVENTISTA
Authors: Rodríguez Gutiérrez Kebby , Quispe Huanca Glúder
Published: September 2018

¿Cómo fue el contexto religioso, social, político y educativo del surdel Perú durante la llegada del adventismo a inicios del siglo XX segúnla literatura no adventista? Desde sus inicios, el indígena peruano delos andes vivía en un contexto favorable para su desarrollo como culturay sociedad. Con la llegada de los españoles, cambiaron su realidadreligiosa, social, política, educativa y más. Después delestablecimiento de la República, el mestizaje perpetuó la sumisión y elabuso. Los primeros intentos de educación al hombre andino por ManuelZúñiga Camacho, no fue bien recibido por el gamonal, terrateniente,leguleyo y el cura. Con la llegada de la educación adventista, a travésde la familia misionera Stahl, el indígena halló su progresivareivindicación en la sociedad.
Government Size and Economic Growth in Botswana: An Application of Nonlinear Armey Curve Analysis
Authors: Sinha Narain , Kalayakgosi Kefilwe Allister
Published: September 2018

This study has investigated the impact of government size on economic growth in Botswana using annual time series data for the period 1973 to 2012. The study adopted a framework analysis based on a quadratic function/second degree polynomial regression employed by Herath (2012). Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method was used for the regression analysis. The results obtained are not consistent with the empirical and theoretical views as small government size has a negative impact on economic growth while a large government size has a positive impact on economic growth. The results obtained in the study were opposite to the views of most of the studies conducted. Nominal Total government expenditure is used as a measure of government size and growth of nominal GDP is used to measure economic growth. The study also employed other control variables which affect growth like government revenue as a percentage of GDP, Gross capital formation (GCF) as a percentage of GDP as proxy for investment rate and growth of paid employees as a proxy for labor force growth. The results showed that government revenue and GCF had a negative impact on economic growth but GCF was insignificant. Growth of paid employees on the other hand had a positive impact on economic growth. The study aimed at investigating the existence of the Armey curve in a developing country like Botswana. Due to government size having a negative impact on economic growth and government size squared having a positive impact on economic growth the conclusion is that the Armey curve does not exist in Botswana.
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) Assay Protocol v3
Authors: Knight Kelsey
Published: September 2018

Reagents - Basic cell culture media: respective to the cell line used and experimental design Distilled water: Invitrogen® UltraPure™ Distilled Water (catalog number 19977015) or equivalent product from other vendor. Highthroughput (HT) Pro A or G 96 well plate or Spin Column (Chromatrap® HT ChIP-qPCR kit; catalog number 500161 or 500162 or 500163) 96-well collection plate: USA scientific® TempPlate non-skirted 96-well PCR plate natural (catalog number 1402-9596) or equivalent product from other vendor. QIAquick™ PCR purification kit (Qiagen®; catalog number 28104) or equivalent product from other vendor. Hypotonic Buffer (Chromatrap® HT ChIP-qPCR kit; catalog number 500161 or 500162 or 500163) Digestion Buffer (Chromatrap® HT ChIP-qPCR kit; catalog number 500161 or 500162 or 500163) Lysis Buffer (Chromatrap® HT ChIP-qPCR kit; catalog number 500161 or 500162 or 500163) Column Conditioning Buffer (Chromatrap® HT ChIP-qPCR kit; catalog number 500161 or 500162 or 500163) Wash Buffer 1 (Chromatrap® HT ChIP-qPCR kit; catalog number 500161 or 500162 or 500163) Wash Buffer 2 (Chromatrap® HT ChIP-qPCR kit; catalog number 500161 or 500162 or 500163) Wash Buffer 3 (Chromatrap® HT ChIP-qPCR kit; catalog number 500161 or 500162 or 500163) Elution Buffer (Chromatrap® HT ChIP-qPCR kit; catalog number 500161 or 500162 or 500163) 5M NaCl: dissolve 292g of NaCl in 800mL of H2O. Adjust the volume to 1L with H2O. 1M NaHCO3: dissolve 12.6g of NaHCO3 in 100 mL of H2O. Adjust the volume to 150 mL with H2O. Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (PIC): Cell signaling Technology® (catalog number 5871) or equivalent product from other vendor. Proteinase K: Qiagen® (catalog number 19133) or equivalent product from other vendor. Proteinase K stop solution: 100mM Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF). Weigh 1.742g PMSF (Sigma-Aldrich®, catalog number 10837091001) and add DMSO (Sigma-Aldrich®, catalog number D2650) to a final volume of 100mL. Dissolve completely. PBS: HyClone™ Phosphate Buffered Saline (1X) (catalog number SH30256.01) or equivalent product from other vendor. Formaldehyde: VWR® 37% w/w aqueous solution (catalog number 97064-604) or equivalent product from other vendor. 0.65M Glycine: Dissolve 488g of glycine into 1L of H2O to make 6.5M glycine (10X). Dilute with PBS to make 1X before each experiment. Micrococcal Nuclease: Cell Signaling Technologies® (catalog number 10011S) or equivalent product from other vendor. 1.3-1.5% Agarose gel: dissolve 1.3-1.5g of agarose powder into 100mL of TAE buffer by microwave heating. Visualize DNA under UV light by adding appropriate amount of Ethidium Bromide, or use an equivalent method. Add appropriate amount of Ethidium Bromide to cooled down gel solution to visualize DNA under UV light. 0.5M EDTA: Dissolve 186.1g EDTA into 700mL of H2O. Adjust the volume to 1L with H2O. 100bp ladder: NEB® (catalog number N0467S) or equivalent product from other vendor. Materials - Heat block Rotator Centrifuge Microcentrifuge 37ºC incubator Nanodrop Sonicator UV light imager Rocking platform
Intracellular Flow Cytometry Staining Protocol v2
Authors: Knight Kelsey
Published: September 2018

1. Activated cell populations can be prepared from in vivo-stimulated tissues or from in vitro-stimulated cultures (e.g., antigen-specific activation or mitogen-induced). For cytokine and chemokine detection, it is critical to include a protein transport inhibitor such as brefeldin A (BioLegend Cat. No.420601) or monensin (BioLegend Cat. No.420701) in the last 4-6 hours of cell culture activation. The cells can be suspended and distributed to 12 x 75 mm plastic tubes or microwell plates for immunofluorescent staining. For details on stimulation methods, please see our stimulation guide for cytokines/chemokines: (www.biolegend.com/media_assets/support_protocol/BioLegend_StimulationGuide_101711.pdf) 2. Different cytokines/chemokines have different production peaks. In order to obtain optimal staining signals, the stimulation conditions for each stimulant need to be optimized. 3. Some antibodies recognizing native cell surface markers may not bind to fixed/denatured antigens. For this reason, it is recommended that staining of cell surface antigens be done with live, unfixed cells PRIOR to fixation/permeabilization and staining of intracellular targets. Altering the procedure such that cells are fixed prior to staining of cell surface antigens requires that paraformaldehyde-denatured antigen reactive antibody clones be empirically identified. You can also take a look at our Fixation Webpage (www.biolegend.com/fixation) to get an idea of how epitopes stain after fixation with 4% PFA. Please note that the ability to stain post-fixation depends on the fluor, antigen expression, and several other factors.
Tone-Burst ve Klik Uyarılı İşitsel Beyin Sapı Yanıtları ile İşitsel Uyarılmış Durgun Durum Yanıtları Sonuçlarının Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ÖZTARAKÇI Hüseyin , SAĞIROĞLU Saime , KILIÇ Mehmet Akif
Published: September 2018

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, ileri-çok ileri
derecede sensörinöral işitme kaybı olan hastalarda, tone-burst ve klik İşitsel
Beyin Sapı (ABR) ile İşitsel Uyarılmış Durgun Durum (ASSR) sonuçlarını
karşılaştırdık.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Yaşları 2 ay ile 53 yıl arasında
değişen, ileri-çok ileri derecede sensörinöral işitme kaybı olan, 30 kişilik
hasta grubunun toplam 60 kulağı çalışmaya alındı. Hastalara timpanogram ve
akustik refleks ölçümü, otoakustik emisyon, tone-burst ABR, Klik ABR ve ASSR testleri
yapıldı.Bulgular: Tone-burst ABR ve
ASSR eşikleri arasında iyi bir korelasyon olduğu gözlendi. Spearman
korelasyon katsayıları 500; 1000; 2000 ve 4000 Hz’ler için sırasıyla 0.612;
0.563; 0.564 ve 0.548 olarak bulundu (p<0.01).

Sonuç: ASSR, frekans spesifik ölçüm
yapabilen otomatik saf ses odyogram eğrisi oluşturarak işitme seviyesini
gösteren, çok kısa sürede objektif sonuç verebilen bir ölçüm yöntemidir. Ayrıca, tone-burst ve klik ABR ile ASSR gibi
tüm testlerin birlikte kullanılması önerilir.
Divergencia entre valor y precio del trabajo. ¿ Una explicación a la inequidad en la distribución de la riqueza creada?
Authors: Silva Colmenares Julio
Published: September 2018

This paper presents the author’s reflections about the concepts of value and price of human labor, as a theoretical initial part of a larger research that aims to advance the analysis applied to the situation found in some countries or regions, with emphasis in the Colombian case. This part begins with some thoughts on two phenomena inherent to capitalism and has a close relationship with the unequal distribution of wealth: the complementary process of concentration of production and centralization of capital and the eventual change observed in the recurring crises of capitalism, that every time obeys less to overproduction and more to subconsumption. Next is reviewed the essential contribution of Karl Marx on the dual character of human labor, both as abstract labor, creator of exchange value, and concrete labor, as creator of use value. Marx, himself, considerated this contribution more important that his conception of plusvalía, since that gives support to this one, precedes to capitalism and helps to explain the growing inequality mentioned. In order to finalize, some contributions on the theory of value previous to Marx were reviewed, and it concludes with the paradox that expresses certain currents of contemporary economic and social thought, while extolling the importance of human labor, reaching speak of «human capital» as the most important of any organization or society but denying any validity to the theories on value based in human labor.
Re: Controversies in Odontogenic Tumours Review
Authors: Gopinath Divya , Menon Rohit K.
Published: September 2018

Letter to the Editor
Alterações ambientais na Bacia Hidrográfica do rio Marapanim, Pará
Authors: Andrade Ádanna De Souza , Pontes Altem Nascimento , Ribeiro Suezilde Da Conceição Amaral , Pereira Bruno Wendell de Freitas , Brandão Valter Vinícius Pereira , Bezerra Paulo Eduardo Silva
Published: September 2018

A bacia hidrográfica é considerada a unidade territorial para implementação da Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos e onde concentram-se as atividades de uso e ocupação do solo. Essas atividades acabam alterando significativamente a cobertura vegetal da bacia hidrográfica, o que influencia diretamente na temperatura de superfície, já que a vegetação funciona como um regulador de temperatura. Nesse sentido, a preservação da vegetação ao longo das bacias hidrográficas é considerada de fundamental importância, sendo que essa permite a proteção do solo à ocorrência de processos erosivos, contribui para a infiltração de água no solo e a manutenção do microclima. Assim, o objetivo com esse trabalho foi avaliar as alterações na cobertura vegetal da bacia hidrográfica do rio Marapanim, Pará, por meio da comparação entre os valores de NDVI (Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada) e temperatura superficial para os anos de 1995, 2004 e 2016. Foram adquiridas imagens de satélite (Land Sat 5 e 8) e realizados processamentos a fim de se obter o NDVI e a temperatura superficial dos anos de análise. Os resultados mostraram que houve uma perda de vigor vegetativo ao longo do período, bem como queda de 2,06 °C na temperatura média de 1995 para 2004 e um aumento de 3,43°C de 2004 para 2016. As áreas de menores valores de NDVI apresentaram as maiores temperaturas, principalmente áreas urbanas, denotando a influência da vegetação no microclima. Nesse contexto, esse estudo pode subsidiar a formulação de políticas públicas, visando promover o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais na área da bacia.
Controle biológico de Spodoptera frugiperda Smith, 1797 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) por bactérias
Authors: Gomes Jessé Malveira , Godoy Maurício Sekiguchi de , Barreto Raphaela Vasconcelos Gomes , Lira Alcimar Galdino de , Lima Alricélia Gomes de
Published: September 2018

O milho é uma das culturas mais produzidas e importantes no mundo e apesar da elevada produção no Brasil, a sua produtividade ainda é comprometida pela ação de insetos pragas, sendo Spodoptera frugiperda Smith, 1797 praga chave. Em meio a esse desafio, o uso constante de inseticidas é utilizado buscando minimizar as perdas nas lavouras, porém, ocasionando grandes impactos ambientais. Uma das estratégias viáveis e promissoras na supressão desses artrópodes tem sido o Manejo Integrado de Pragas (MIP), que tem como alicerce o uso isolado ou consorciado de técnicas de controles, com o controle biológico uma das ferramentas mais sustentáveis do ponto de vista ecológico. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a toxicidade da linhagem bacteriana 358.1 isolada do petróleo e do sobrenadante da cultura livre de células, no controle de lagartas de 3º instar de S. frugiperda, comparando as taxas de mortalidade e efeitos sobre seu desenvolvimento à ação de inseticida químico comercial. O experimento foi realizado com lagartas de 3º instar com três diferentes diluições de cultura da linhagem 358.1, do sobrenadante livre de células e do inseticida fenpropatrina. Solução salina foi utilizada como controle negativo. O experimento realizado com 358.1 não resultou em uma taxa significativa de mortalidade de S. frugiperda. Entretanto, o contato com a cultura de 358.1 e seu sobrenadante livre de células resultaram no aumento da duração da fase larval. Foram observados distúrbios morfofisiológicos, como o surgimento de adultos com asas atrofiadas, sendo desta maneira, promissora a realização de novos testes.
Parent-Adolescent Communication in Nondistressed Families
Authors: RIESCH SUSAN K.
Published: September 2018

The focus of this chapter is parent and adolescent communication in nondistressed families. Communication is the assertive and unoffensive expression and accurate and attentive receipt of opinions, feelings, and ideas. Aspects of adolescent and adult development have been shown to influence as well as be influenced by perceptions of family communication. Though recently subject to extensive scrutiny and criticism, the paradigm of parent and adolescent conflict dominates this research area. Nurses and others have demonstrated strategies to enhance communication between parent and adolescents, with promising results. Issues of subject participation are reviewed and recommendations for future directions in research and practice are made.
Uncertainty in Acute Illness
Authors: MISHEL MERLE H.
Published: September 2018

In this chapter, the research on uncertainty in acute illness is reviewed and critiqued. Both qualitative and quantitative studies are included. The review considers the cause and consequences of uncertainty from research on adults and from research on parents of acutely ill children.
Violence in the Workplace
Authors: HEWITT JEANNE B. , LEVIN PAMELA F.
Published: September 2018

This integrative review of research on workplace violence in Canada and the United States showed that risk factors for homicide and nonfatal assault injuries differed significantly. In 1993, there were 1,063 work-related homicides in the United States (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1994). Workplace homicide was the second leading cause of fatal occupational injuries overall, but the primary cause for women. The highest risk for workplace homicide was observed among males, the self-employed, and those employed in grocery stores, eating and drinking establishments, gas service stations, taxicab services, and government service, including law enforcement. The majority of workplace homicides occurred during robberies. Unlike workplace homicide, the majority of nonfatal assaults that involved lost work time occurred to women, primarily employed in health care or other service sector work. The assault rates for residential care and nursing and personal care workers were more than ten times that of private non-health care industries. Minimal intervention research has been reported. In recent years, some governmental agencies and professional organizations have begun to address policy issues related to workplace violence.
Childhood Diabetes: Behavioral Research
Authors: BRANDT PATRICIA
Published: September 2018

The major emphasis of behavioral research related to childhood diabetes has been on the child’s physical and emotional outcomes, the family’s response, and adherence issues. This research review focuses on adherence and related youth and family functioning. Descriptive and intervention studies are critiqued. Common conceptual and methodological issues are discussed with recommendations for future research.
Nursing Research in Italy
Authors: ZANOTTI RENZO
Published: September 2018

Nursing in Italy is achieving a higher academic status as a result of decades of efforts in scientific knowledge development. Beginning in the 1980s, Italian nurses, supported by researchers from allied disciplines, have begun to design and implement research at the local, regional, and national level. This study is the first effort ever made to identify the main characteristics of Italian nursing research published in Italian journals. The review covers 14 years (1983–1997). Overall, 240 studies from 11 journals, research reports from books, and several conference proceedings have been considered. Inclusion criteria were based on quality of research design, considering components such as sampling, sample size, and method of data analysis. Each article was analyzed according to an interpretive scheme focusing on method of analysis, scientific merit, and authorship.

Of the 240 studies reviewed, journal articles selected from ten Italian journals accounted for 175 (73%), or the majority, of reviewed sources. Sixty-five (26%) research reports complete the remaining number. The major areas of research identified include nursing practice (43%), nursing education (6%), nursing administration and professional issues (34%), and knowledge and perceptions in society and nursing (17%). The majority of the research studies utilized survey models (47%), including several retrospective and longitudinal studies, followed by exploratory or descriptive (36%) and quasi-experimental (17%) designs. Many reports failed to identify the method of sampling used in the research design. However, of those that did, convenience samples were most often used. Random sampling was rarely reported. The majority of studies employed only descriptive statistics (i.e., frequency distribution, central tendency, variability, contingency tables, and correlation). Only few studies made use of advanced statistics for testing hypotheses (parametric and non-parametric tests) among which only a low percentage cited reliability testing. In 42% of the studies, the authors were represented by a group of nurses. Nurses and physicians worked together to author another 30% of the studies. The remaining studies were authored by either individual nurses (24%) or nurses and nonmedical professionals (4%). Much of the reviewed research has been carried out by nurses who have little or no research training.
Management of Urinary Incontinence in Adult Ambulatory Care Populations
Authors: WYMAN JEAN F.
Published: September 2018

During the past decade, research on urinary incontinence and its management has grown significantly. Behavioral therapy is now viewed as an important first line of treatment for stress, urge, and mixed urinary incontinence. This chapter provides a critical review of the intervention studies on lifestyle modifications, bladder training, and pelvic floor muscle training conducted in adult ambulatory care populations that were published in 1988 through 1999. Recommendations for future research are provided.
Interventions for Women As Family Caregivers
Authors: BULL MARGARET J.
Published: September 2018

Family caregivers are the mainstay of long-term care, as they enable chronically ill elders and children to remain at home. The majority of family caregivers are women and historically their caregiving role has been viewed as an extension of their roles as wife and mother. Although numerous studies report the stresses associated with family caregiving and are predictors of burden, less attention has been given to interventions for family caregivers. The objective of this review is to examine reports of interventions to reduce family caregiver burden, to consider their implications for nursing practice, and to identify directions for future nursing research.
Conceptual Models for Women’s Health Research: Reclaiming Menopause As an Exemplar of Nursing’s Contributions to Feminist Scholarship
Authors: ANDRIST LINDA C. , MACPHERSON KATHLEEN I.
Published: September 2018

An examination of women’s transition through menopause provides a remarkable example of nursing’s contributions to feminist scholarship. The predominant biomedical model perpetuates the idea that menopause is a deficiency disease, whereas feminist and nurse scholars have deconstructed this paradigm and have reclaimed menopause as a part of midlife women’s developmental stage. We begin this chapter with a review of the birth of women’s health scholarship as it is the foundation for theory that undergirds feminist nursing research. We then discuss the tenets of feminist scholarship. The historical context of menopause is reviewed briefly to highlight the ways in which menopause was transformed from a normal physiological event to a disease. Using this as a backdrop, we reviewed nursing studies in two emerging bodies of knowledge. We reviewed 10 studies in the area of “women reclaiming menopause” and found that over all women believe the menopausal transition is a normal developmental stage. The second area of new research looks at “menopause across cultures.” The studies of Korean, Indian, and Thai women reviewed demonstrate that similar to other health issues, the experience of Western women cannot be universalized, and most important, researchers must take into consideration the social, political, economic, and cultural forces that impact women’s experience of the menopause transition.
Women and Employment: A Decade Review
Authors: KILLIEN MARCIA G.
Published: September 2018

Contemporary women fulfill multiple social roles: wife or partner, parent and caregiver to elders, worker in the labor force. This chapter focuses on women and employment. Nursing research from the past decade on women and their role in the work force, with emphasis on the relationships between paid work and women’s other social roles and their health is reviewed. Major categories of nursing research contributions are summarized, including populations studied, methodological approaches, and major findings. Suggestions for emphases in future research are included.
Nursing Homes and Assisted Living Facilities As Places for Dying
Authors: CARTWRIGHT JULIANA C.
Published: September 2018

This chapter reviews the state of knowledge about nursing homes and assisted living facilities as places for dying. Reviewed are 25 published and unpublished research reports by nurse researchers and researchers from other disciplines that address the following questions: (a) What is known about how communication and shared decision-making about end-of-life care preferences occur? (b) How are symptoms assessed and managed at end-of-life? and (c) What are facility characteristics that influence end-of-life care services delivery? Reports were identified through searches of the following databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Health Star, PsychLit, Ageline, Ebsco, and PubMed. The following terms guided the search: advance directives, geriatric assessment or nursing, health services for the aged, hospice, residential facilities, palliative care, symptom management, and terminal care. Reports were included if published between 1990 and 2000, if relevant to nursing research on end-of-life care, if conducted on samples age 65 or older and living in nursing home or residential care settings, and if published in English. The studies reviewed were primarily descriptive. The findings indicate that little is known about end-of-life care in these settings, and that family and staff perspectives differ on the nature and quality of the services provided. Both external and internal factors influence the ability of facilities to provide end-of-life care. Recommendations are provided for further research related to nursing homes and assisted living facilities as places for dying.
Maintaining and Improving Physical Function in Elders
Authors: BENNETT JILL A.
Published: September 2018

This chapter reviews 60 published research reports about maintaining and improving physical function in elders. Reports were identified through searches of MEDLINE and CINAHL using the following search terms: Activities of Daily Living, aged, nursing care, nurse-patient relations, geriatric nursing, nursing assessment, geriatric assessment, behavior therapy, disability evaluation, exercise, and physical. Reports were included if published in English between 1985 and 2000, if conducted in adults over age 60, and if the first author was a nurse or the reported intervention was implemented by nurses. Descriptive and experimental studies of physical function in elders were included. The results of this synthesis showed that nurse scientists have developed new instruments to measure physical function, including scales sensitive to changes in physical function caused by dementia. Nursing studies have described many of the physical and psychological factors associated with poor physical function in elders, though environmental factors and ethnic differences in physical function merit further study. Many nurse scientists are currently investigating behavioral interventions, exercise interventions, and changes in nursing care that could improve the physical function of both community-dwelling elders and those who live in residential facilities.