bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intrapuparial development of Peckia pexata (Wulp, 1895) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)
Authors: RAMOS-PASTRANA Yardany , PARADA-MARIN Henry Mauricio , PUJOL-LUZ José Roberto
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Sarcophagidae flies have great forensic importance, since different instars of their larval development are used in the determination of the postmortem interval (PMI) of corpses. However, for many species, intrapuparial developmental data are scarce. Here we analyzed the intrapuparial development of the sarcophagid Peckia pexata and describe the chronological and morphological changes that occur during metamorphosis. We reared approximately 330 specimens originating from the Colombian Amazon in the laboratory. Prepupae were identified by size reduction and coloration change. During the first five days of the study, four individuals were sampled every three hours, then every six hours until adult emergence. Specimens were fixed in 96% alcohol, then immersed in Carnoy solution for 24 hours and in formic acid (5%) for 48 hours for dissection and analysis of morphological changes. Four morphological phases of intrapuparial development of P. pexata were observed: 1) larva pupa apolysis, which lasted, in average, 9 h; 2) cryptocephalic pupa, 6 h; 3) phanerocephalic pupa, 6.5 h; and 4) pharate adult (transparent eyes, 48 h; yellow eyes, 216 h; pink eyes, 35 h; and red eyes, 52 h). The pharate adult was fully formed at 340 h and adult emergence occurred at 372.5 h or 15.5 days. We also described the formation of the prepupa, the pupariation and the final metamorphosis for the imago and compared it with the known events for Peckia intermutans, Peckia lambens (Sarcophagidae) and Lucilia eximia (Calliphoridae).
Trabalho e Saúde Mental de Mulheres Trabalhadoras Domésticas Diaristas em Contexto Pandêmico
Authors: Lucena Maria do Socorro Roberto de , Zambroni-de-Souza Paulo César
Published: October 2024

Resumo: Este estudo analisou os impactos do contexto pandêmico sobre a atividade laboral e a saúde mental de mulheres trabalhadoras domésticas diaristas, levando em consideração a interseccionalidade entre gênero, raça e classe no trabalho. Participaram dez diaristas, com idades entre 31 e 64 anos, a maioria ( n =6) pretas. Foi aplicado questionário sociodemográfico e realizadas entrevistas individuais. Sob abordagem qualitativa de análise, o material de pesquisa foi submetido a interlocuções analíticas, segundo contribuições da psicodinâmica do trabalho, da sociologia da divisão sexual do trabalho e do paradigma afrocêntrico das discussões de gênero. Os achados refletem o papel das desigualdades de gênero, raça e classe no agravamento das condições de trabalho/vida das trabalhadoras, que tiveram sua subsistência ameaçada, depararam-se com novos dilemas ou riscos no/pelo trabalho. Ademais, vivenciaram a atualização de situações opressivas nas relações laborais, experiências que suscitaram repercussões sobre seus corpos-subjetivos, desde ansiedade à sentimentos de inferioridade. Pontuamos a pertinência da inclusão/ampliação do lugar das dimensões de gênero, raça e classe e suas interseccionalidades nos estudos e intervenções em saúde mental, sobretudo no âmbito do trabalho. Tais marcadores sociais foram cruciais para a compreensão da natureza, intensidade e exploração do sofrimento psíquico relacionado ao trabalho das participantes. Ressaltamos a necessidade de medidas e ações de curto e longo prazo para o enfrentamento das problemáticas laborais e, consequentemente de vida, identificadas mediante os relatos das diaristas.
P-PRIME E PRODUÇÃO LINGÜÍSTICA: PERCEPÇÃO E PRECONCEITO
Authors: Furlanetto Maria Marta
Published: October 2024

Resumo Neste trabalho discute-se a possibilidade de uma linguagem que se desloque do esquema essencialista de Aristóteles, associando-se isto à idéia mais ampla de proporcionar (também na perspectiva pedagógica) um melhor desempenho na escritura de documentos formais. Aposta-se na possibilidade de que isso represente um modo de pensar mais adequado, mais científico, representando um ganho de percepção e de consciência de mundo, e finalmente de reconhecimento das redes que compõem a vida humana em seu processo de conhecimento e de reconhecimento da alteridade. Trata-se de buscar uma linguagem que corresponda a uma flexão do sujeito para a própria expressão, para descobrir de que ela fala, e como fala em nós (pré-conceitos).
AS CARTILHAS NO PROCESSO DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO
Authors: Schlickmann Maria Sirlene Pereira
Published: October 2024

Resumo A alfabetização tem sido tema de muitos congressos, seminários, debates, cursos, palestras. Rediscute-se a forma como o processo de alfabetização vem se desenvolvendo e os instrumentos que são utilizados neste trabalho. Entretanto, ainda é muito forte o uso da cartilha nesse processo. Este artigo reflete sobre a origem, a apresentação, as conseqüências do uso das cartilhas no processo de alfabetização, bem como, apresenta algumas pistas para ressignificar a condução do processo pedagógico nesta área.
“O SENADOR ARRUDA CONSULTOU, PEDIU OU ORDENOU?”: UMA ANÁLISE DOS ATOS DE FALA DA ACAREAÇÃO DO SENADO
Authors: Ladeira Wânia Terezinha
Published: October 2024

Resumo Recentemente, na história brasileira, houve um acontecimento marcante muito divulgado pela imprensa: o julgamento de dois influentes senadores acusados de violação do painel eletrônico de votação do senado. No discurso da mídia sobre a divulgação do acontecimento, o uso de três atos de fala foi preponderante: consultar, pedir e ordenar. Assim, nós analisamos esses três atos de fala com as suas respectivas forças ilocucionárias e investigamos como a escolha por um deles influenciaria o desfecho dos acontecimentos.
A IDEOLOGIA COMO FUNÇÃO ESTÉTICA NO CONTO FELIZ ANO NOVO, DE RUBEM FONSECA
Authors: Mussi Amaline Boulus Issa
Published: October 2024

Resumo A finalidade deste ensaio é mostrar a ideologia como um elemento estético implícito no conto Feliz ano novo, de Rubem Fonseca. Um modelo da análise baseado no conceito que relaciona ideologia e arte foi aplicado para provar que a ideologia cumpre uma função estética no texto literário, estruturando-o como uma realidade formal
TEACHERS’ STORIES: EXPERIENCES IN COPING WITH EVERDYDAY DIFFICULTIES
Authors: Batista Leticia Caparroz Cicconi , Kalmus Jaqueline
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT This work aimed to understand the teachers’ trajectories in the initial years of Elementary School in the public network of Baixada Santista, in the state of São Paulo, who despite the difficulties faced in their daily school life, build powerful situations and positive experiences in relation to work. This is qualitative research based on the construction of narratives from three teachers about their professional trajectory, daily difficulties and challenges, and the individual and collective ways of coping they find. The three narratives point to the importance of the relation among school, family and territory, the belief in the transformative role of the school and the need for professional development. The collectivization of work is one of the main strategies used, as it breaks with the perspective of isolation and brings new meanings to educational action towards transformative education, within the limits of historical possibilities.
Betty Neuman's Theory in Holistic Nursing Care for Cancer Patients: a reflective essay
Authors: Neves Júnior Tarcísio Tércio das , Gonçalves Rafaella Guilherme , Neves Maria Carolina Dantas Campelo , Lima Jonas Sâmi Albuquerque de , Araújo Rhayssa de Oliveira e , Menezes Rejane Maria Paiva de
Published: October 2024

Abstract Objective To reflect on Betty Neuman's Systems Theory in holistic nursing care for cancer patients. Method This is a reflective study originated from the study of the Systems Thinking/General Systems Theory paradigm by Ludwig von Bertalanffy based on discussions in a postgraduate nursing course, using Betty Neuman’s Systems Theory as a framework. Results Betty Neuman’s Systems Model is a holistic nursing approach based on General Systems Theory. It emphasizes the assessment and approach of physical and psychosocial aspects that affect cancer patients’ health. Focusing on prevention, promotion and system rehabilitation, it seeks to reduce stressors and maintain balance. The systemic perspective facilitates data collection and adequate actions. Final considerations and implications for practice Cancer nursing care accounts for the impact of the disease and treatment not only on individual patients, but also on their families and communities, and society, demonstrating a systemic and holistic view in the approach to care.
Da cordilheira ao rio: personagens não humanos em O manto da noite e Banzeiro Òkòtó
Authors: Levy Tatiana Salem
Published: October 2024

Resumo O presente artigo aborda a construção de personagens não-humanos no romance O manto da noite, de Carola Saavedra, e na narrativa de não-ficção Banzeiro Òkòtó, de Eliane Brum. A partir da ideia, levantada por Carola Saavedra em seu livro O mundo desdobrável: ensaios para depois do fim, de que ainda há muitas histórias para se contar, analisamos como esses dois livros constituem aquilo que Carola chama de “permatexto” e o que Ursula K. le Guin chama de teoria do cesto. Em outras palavras, pretendemos mostrar que, ao sair de um determinado modelo de linguagem e de narrativa, e inaugurando outro, mais expandido, mais feminino e em diálogo com outras espécies, a literatura se renova e funda um diálogo com as vozes que, ao longo dos séculos, foram constantemente silenciadas.
Ferramentas utilizadas na avaliação subjetiva de usuários de prótese auditiva ancorada no osso: revisão de escopo
Authors: Zampronio Cláudia Daniele Pelanda , Madeira Luara Rezende , Padovani Leticia Faccim , Castiquini Eliane Aparecida Techi , Blasca Wanderleia Quinhoneiro , Oliveira Jerusa Roberta Massola , Maximino Luciana Paula
Published: October 2024

RESUMO Objetivo identificar os questionários e escalas utilizados na avaliação do benefício e da satisfação dos usuários de próteses auditivas ancoradas no osso, respondendo a questão norteadora: “Quais questionários e escalas são utilizados para avaliar o benefício e a satisfação dos usuários de prótese auditiva ancorada no osso?”. Estratégia de pesquisa busca realizada nas bases de dados Public Medicine Library, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS e Embase. Na literatura cinzenta, utilizou-se a fonte de informação Google Acadêmico e a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e dissertações, por meio dos descritores: prótese ancorada no osso (bone-anchored prosthesis), perda auditiva condutiva-neurossensorial mista (hearing loss, mixed conductive-sensorineural), qualidade de vida (quality of life), satisfação do paciente (patient satisfaction), inquéritos e questionários (surveys and questionnaires). Critérios de seleção incluídos estudos que utilizaram questionários e escalas para verificar o benefício e a satisfação dos usuários de prótese auditiva ancorada no osso, publicados em português, inglês ou espanhol, de 1999 até 2024. Resultados foram identificados 176 artigos e, destes, 67 foram incluídos na revisão de escopo. A literatura apontou que as ferramentas mais utilizadas foram os questionários Glasgow Benefit Inventory, o Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit e a escala Speech, Spatial, and Quality of Hearing Scale. Conclusão vários são os instrumentos utilizados na avaliação do benefício e da satisfação dos usuários de próteses auditivas ancoradas no osso, como o Glasgow Benefit Inventory e o Abbreviate Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit para benefício e o Audio Processor Satisfaction Questionnaire, exclusivo para satisfação específica dessa população. Quanto à escala tem-se a Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale para avaliar benefício.
À PROPOS DES EXPÉRIENCES JUVÉNILES DE L’ÉDUCATION : ÉCOLE, ITINÉRAIRES ET ÉPREUVES
Authors: Pinheiro Leandro R. , Barrère Anne , Dubet François , Truong Fabien
Published: October 2024

RÉSUMÉ Les entretiens présentent des dialogues intéressés par les expériences juvéniles, proposant des réflexions sur les actions des jeunes et leur relation avec l’éducation scolaire. Donc, les conversations engagées avec François Dubet, Anne Barrère et Fabien Truong mettent en discussion les épreuves vécues par les individus, afin de permettre des contrastes avec la réalité scolaire brésilienne. C’est la voie empruntée pour considérer les itinéraires construits et les inégalités sociales éprouvées par les jeunes des classes populaires, ainsi que le rapport des élèves à la réussite et à la forme scolaires en systèmes éducatifs massifiés. En même temps, alors, on propose une prise de position réflexive et une problématisation sur les conséquences politiques de la prééminence du jugement scolaire.
Violência armada, saúde mental e racismo: reflexões a partir do caso do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Silva Mayalu Matos , Ribeiro Fernanda Mendes Lages , Serpeloni Fernanda
Published: October 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre os efeitos da violência armada sobre a saúde mental da população moradora e trabalhadora de territórios de favela, tendo como foco o estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo teórico e crítico, com subsídio de pesquisas empíricas desenvolvidas pelas autoras a partir de uma abordagem pós-colonial, tomando como elemento central o fenômeno do racismo. Discute-se a violência armada no Rio de Janeiro, seus impactos sobre a saúde mental e algumas ações de seu enfrentamento, identificando como territórios favelizados e sua população, em sua maioria negra, estão no centro do problema, sofrendo efeitos que matam e fazem adoecer. Ainda que insuficientes, ações de enfrentamento angariadas pelo setor público e pela sociedade civil buscam dar visibilidade ao problema e ser formas de denúncia e resistência quanto aos efeitos deletérios da violência armada na saúde.
Gun violence, violence, mental health and racism, reflections based on the case of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Silva Mayalu Matos , Ribeiro Fernanda Mendes Lages , Serpeloni Fernanda
Published: October 2024

The article aims to reflect on the effects of gun violence on the mental health of the population living and working in favelas, focusing on the state of Rio de Janeiro/Brazil. This is a theoretical and critical study, supported by empirical research carried out by the authors, based on a postcolonial approach, taking the phenomenon of racism as a central element. Gun violence in Rio de Janeiro, its impacts on mental health, and some actions to confront it are discussed, identifying how slum territories and their population, mostly black, are at the center of the problem, experiencing the effects that kill and make people sick. Although insufficient, coping actions raised by the public sector and civil society seek to give visibility to the problem and be forms of denunciation and resistance to the harmful effects of gun violence on health.
“Éden Fluminense:” from a reforestation area on the Tijuca massif to a Europeanized public space in Rio de Janeiro in the latter half of the nineteenth century
Authors: Sales Gabriel Paes da Silva , Brito Mariana Reis de , Guedes-Bruni Rejan R.
Published: October 2024

Abstract This article reflects on the resignification of the Tijuca massif during the latter half of the nineteenth century after the planting of the Tijuca Forest, based on notions of the social uses of forests which were in line with Eurocentric imagery prizing nature. We utilized primary sources from the Brazilian Arquivo Nacional and Biblioteca Nacional, especially the Hemeroteca Digital online collection. The perception of these green areas shifted, with planted forests evolving from solely spaces for future forestry use to also serve as forest parks for recreation and contemplating nature, while still permitting appreciation of fine wood and landscapes and evoking the idea of nationalism and modernity.
As pesquisas constitucionais no entreguerras, 1922
Authors: Beraldo Renilson
Published: October 2024

Resumo O documento aqui apresentado é uma tradução comentada do artigo “Was nennen wir Konstitution, Konstitutionanomalie und Konstitutionskrankheit?” [O que denominamos constituição, anomalia constitucional e doença constitucional?], publicado pelo pediatra germânico Meinhard Pfaundler em 1922. Encomendado pelo Klinische Wochenschrift [Semanário Clínico], o artigo tinha por objetivo apresentar e aclarar as mais recentes discussões e terminologias a respeito da “doutrina constitucional” em medicina. O artigo “Was nennen wir Konstitution...”, portanto, fornece dados teórico-conceituais a respeito do debate constitucional no circuito médico europeu no período entreguerras.
ANÁLISE DAS DISCUSSÕES SOBRE A EFETIVIDADE DA LEI 10.639/2003 NO ENSINO BÁSICO: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Aparecida Serafim Rodrigues Aracilba , Domingues Chirley
Published: October 2024

A Lei 10.639/2003 completou 20 anos em janeiro de 2023. Fruto de intenso debate e reinvindicação do Movimento Negro, sua implementação indica a necessidade de se trabalhar conteúdos referentes a história e cultura africana e afro-brasileira nas salas de aulas. Embora haja clareza na letra da lei, sua efetividade, contudo, parece protelada. Nesse sentido, o texto que aqui se apresenta trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória cuja técnica de Revisão Sistemática  nos permitiu percorrer o objetivo central de averiguarmos as conclusões de pesquisadores do tema ao longo desses anos de implementação da lei delineado na pergunta de pesquisa “O que os pesquisadores sobre relações étnico-raciais têm concluído sobre a efetivação da Lei 10.639/2003 nas salas de aula do Ensino Básico? As pesquisas foram realizadas no período de março a julho de 2022 na base de dados da CAPES, no catálogo de teses e dissertações e os resultados indicam que, embora seja inegável que alguns passos já foram dados na direção da efetividade da Lei 10.639/2003, a pesquisa revelou um otimismo exacerbado nas conclusões dos pesquisadores cuja análise mais cuidadosa de suas  metodologias indicaram relutância de educadores e educandos no trabalho cotidiano com as questões das relações étnico-raciais no Ensino Básico o que demonstra uma fragilidade na efetividade  da referida lei.
Birthing: Vindicating a Visceral Body Philosophically
Authors: Villarmea Stella
Published: October 2024

How to tell our tales? How to listen to the tales we choose to tell? My thesis is that to reorient philosophical conversation toward birth and, specifically, to the origin of our lives in the female body, produces a radical shift. Once we take that turn, many of the tales about our origin truly become ‘old tales’.
In this essay I suggest that interpreting/ representing/ affirming the visceral birthing body in and with the philosophical discourse is possible. I also suggest a vindication of the  birthing body and its language is needed. Birth, giving birth, has its language. And, as any language, the language of birth has its hermeneutics and politics. Are we already imagining a new genealogy, a new logos for genos? Can we philosophically (and medically/obstetrically) represent and vindicate this new genea-logy? 
Birth matters matter —and they matter philosophically too.
A Hairdresser in the Family: Mothering as a Kind of Drawing on the Body
Authors: Field Nicola
Published: October 2024

This multidisciplinary fusion of creative writing, drawings, family documents and analysis, explores my 1960s childhood experience of being a sentient canvas for my hairdresser-mother’s self-expression. The piece is part of a larger, ongoing research experiment on the terrain of trauma studies, for which I undertake ‘freefall escapades’ (harnessing iterative, truth-seeking, neurodivergent hypertextuality) into my embodied journey growing up female in the racialised, post-WW2 British family. This experiment aims to engage with the forces of social production at work and at play, in minds and in bodies, by locating autotheoretical subjectivity not just within a socio-historical context but within a structural Marxist historical materialist analysis.
The imperatives behind my larger experiment are twofold. Firstly, to challenge politically engaged feminist, autoethnographic, family-narrative/photography, new materialist, and trauma theory – where the question of classis habitually reduced to an aspect of intersectional identity expressed through culture, language, materiality, and perceived privilege. Secondly, as a publicly and socially engaged writer, artist, activist and trade unionist, to use creativity to expand Marxist ideas on the family as an adaptive capitalist social institution beyond the critical disciplines of political economy and social history. My aim is to illuminate the class-based nature of changing social relationships in connection with industrial and technological development in the forces of production.
For this specific essay, I offer interpretations of how my mother pulled, twisted, curled, lacquered, permed and pinned my baby-hair as an act of social alienation and performance on a political stage within the inflamed post-WW2 British economy. In doing so, I also navigate the ethical and political hazards of bringing together class-based Marxist analysis with subjective experience and family memory – in doing so, tending to the manifestation of alienation in those who are not conscious of being alienated, and the imperative to do no harm.
All imagery is by me, unless specified otherwise.
Dementia Risk and Financial Decision Making by Older Households: The Impact of Information
Authors: Hsu Joanne W. , Willis Robert
Published: October 2024

The knowledge and reasoning ability needed to manage one&amp;#x27;s finances is a form of human capital. Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease and other dementias cause progressive declines in cognition that lead to a complete loss of functional capacities. In this paper we analyze the impact of information about cognitive decline on the choice of household financial decision-maker. Using longitudinal data on older married couples, we find that as the financial decision maker&amp;#x27;s cognition declines, the management of finances is eventually turned over to his cognitively intact spouse, often well after difficulties handling money have already emerged. However, a memory disease diagnosis increases the hazard of switching the financial respondent by over 200% for couples who control their retirement accounts (like 401ks) relative to those who passively receive retirement income. This is consistent with a model of the value of information: households with the most to gain financially from preparation are most responsive to information about cognitive decline.
A multiphase membrane element with rotational DOFs for the elastic analysis of date palm fibre reinforced PVC composite
Authors: Chouarfia Samir , Sedira Lakhdar , Meftah Kamel , Kaddouri Wahid
Published: October 2024

The main contribution of this work is the development of a new multiphase 4-node quadrilateral membrane finite element (PFR4M) for the analysis of elastic properties of polymer-based composites. Based on Plane Fibre Rotation (PFR) concept, the present element is formulated and implemented in Standard Abaqus software using two internal subroutines. The scope of application is extended to a wide range of materials which exhibit significant contrast between the mechanical properties of components. For this purpose, a date palm fibre reinforced PVC composite is prepared and characterized to provide microstructural imaging that serves as heterogeneous domain and used in numerical validation. The effects of the mesh size and the weight fractions of fibre on the performance of the multiphase element are analyzed. Statistical study is carried out to assess the size of the Representative Volume Element (RVE) of the composites. The present element is compared with two classical finite elements and the mean field model of Mori-Tanaka (MT). The obtained results show excellent convergence towards the effective property for all the considered configurations. An improved accuracy with respect to the classical 4-node element is achieved, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the present element in solving these homogenization problems.
Mechanical properties and fracture behavior of concrete made with sintered fly ash lightweight coarse aggregate and electric arc furnace slag as fine aggregate
Authors:   Birla Institute of Technology & Sciences Pilani, Pilani & Group Manager at National Council for Cement and Building Materials, Ballabgarh, India, Singh Brijesh , Singh Shamsher Bahadur ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences Pilani, Pilani, India, Barai Sudhirkumar V. ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences Pilani, Pilani, India, Ojha P N ,   National Council for Cement and Building Materials, Ballabgarh, India, Kumar Rohit ,   National Council for Cement and Building Materials, Ballabgarh, India
Published: October 2024

The present work evaluates mechanical properties and fracture behaviour of concrete made with combination of sintered flyash lightweight coarse aggregate (SFA) and electric arc furnace (EAF) slag as fine aggregate. The mechanical properties and fracture performance of concrete has been evaluated at w/b of 0.6 and 0.4 for three concrete mix combinations namely (a) lightweight concrete with SFA and natural fine aggregate (b) lightweight concrete with SFA and electric arc furnace slag as fine aggregate (c) normal concrete with granite aggregate and electric arc furnace slag. The concrete mixes prepared are evaluated for compressive, flexural strength, split tensile strength, elastic modulus and stress strain curve behaviour. Fracture behaviour has been investigated on notched beams of size 100*100*500 mm under three-point bend test as per RILEM procedure for both normal weight and lightweight concrete. The plot of Load vs CMOD (Crack Mouth Opening Displacement) and Load vs displacement were used for evaluating the fracture behaviour of both types of concrete using various standards and RILEM recommendations. Fracture performance has been compared in terms of parameters such as modulus of elasticity, fracture energy, initial load compliance, stress-intensity factor, energy release rate, and characteristic length
A Study of Voting Power Distribution and Diversity Metrics in Decentralized Autonomous Organizations
Authors:   Herzen University, Gotskaya I. B. , Ateev K. O. ,   ITMO University
Published: October 2024

This study empirically investigates the distribution of control and diversity in decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) on the Ethereum blockchain. It uses a number of measures-the Nakamoto coefficient, Gini coefficient, Her-findahl-Hirschman index, Theil index, Shannon entropy, and Simpson diversity index-to assess decentralization and fairness in the distribution of control tokens. The analysis reveals a complex landscape in which some DAOs exhibit decentralization with diversity in the distribution of control, while others exhibit significant concentration of power and inequality in the distribution of power. A key observation is the coexistence of a broad distribution of control among EOA addresses with significant inequality in the ownership of control tokens. This indicates that a broad distribution of control does not always correlate with a fair distribution of management tokens. The study also highlights the possibil-ity of delegation mechanisms that may lead to a more equitable distribution of power compared to direct representa-tion. This study provides insight into the governance dynamics of DAOs by demonstrating the complex multi-level bal-ance between decentralization and centralization in a decentralized technology infrastructure.
High and low frequency TENS in young people with primary dysmenorrhea: Clinical trial protocol
Authors: R. M. Amaral Auxiliadora , C. Araújo Rodrigo , A. Amorim Danielly , A. Valença Amanda , R. Pitangui Ana Carolina
Published: October 2024

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is lower abdominal pain in the absence of an organic cause, common in women under 25 years of age. It is the main cause of school/work absenteeism and presenteeism, therefore, the objective of its treatment is to provide women with adequate pain relief. Pharmacological treatment is characterized as first line, however it is associated with side effects. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is a non-pharmacological and non-invasive complementary therapy for pain management. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of high frequency (HFT) and low frequency (LFT) TENS modalities in relieving pain in young people with PD. Methods: Randomized, controlled and double-blind clinical trial protocol, with young women between 15 and 29 years old, nulliparous, regular menstrual cycle, self-report and presence of PD with pain intensity greater than or equal to three points on the Numerical Assessment Scale (Numeric Rating Scale - NRS). TENS will be randomized into two groups – Group HFT and Group LFT, application of 30 minutes, evaluated over the 24 hours after the intervention, for one menstrual cycle. In analyzing the results, the primary outcome will be the report of pain intensity. Secondary outcomes will be the durability of TAF and TBF analgesia; patient satisfaction and the presence of adverse effects; compare the amount of analgesic intake in the groups; assess the level of physical activity; evaluate the interference of PD symptoms in physical, mental and social activities and verify their interference with school/work presenteeism. Considerations: The present protocol aims to establish an evidence base for optimal recommendations on the use of TENS modalities for the relief of PD in young women.
THE ROLE OF CELLULAR PLASTICITY OF VASCULAR WALL CELLS AND HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM IN ATHEROGENESIS
Authors: Sleptsov Alexey A.
Published: October 2024

Highlights

The atherosclerotic process is caused by phenotypic heterogeneity and cellular plasticity of the immune system and vascular wall.

Somatic mutations and clonal hematopoiesis with uncertain potential demonstrate a close association with cardiovascular diseases and acute vascular events.

 

Abstract

The last decade of cardiogenetic studies focused on inherited germline mutations. Recently researchers demonstrated a significant role of cellular heterogeneity, somatic mosaicism, and clonal hematopoiesis in the risk of coronary disease and acute vascular disorders. Up-to-date technologies, such as single-cell sequencing and mass cytometry, have made it possible to reveal fundamentally new mechanisms for the development of cardiovascular diseases. This review discloses cutting-edge data on atherosclerosis and vascular disorders, focusing on cellular heterogeneity, somatic mosaicism, and clonal hematopoiesis.
ROLE OF PECTINATE MUSCLES IN HEMODYNAMICS IN THE CAVITIES OF THE HUMAN HEART
Authors: Milyukov Vladimir E. , Bryukhanov Valery A. , Sharifova Heyala Murshud kyzy , Nguyen Cao Cuong
Published: October 2024

Highlights

This review precedes the planned study and is an analysis of the available works on the role of pectinate muscles in the development of morphological and functional conditions of intracavitary hemodynamics in the heart.

 

Abstract

This review presents an analysis of recent publications on the assessment of the functional role of the pectinate muscles in the development of morphological and functional conditions of blood flow in the atria. The results of this analysis helped us to identify a number of topics for further research. The results of this research should help us develop new diagnostic systems and criteria in cardiology field, and assist in furthering research regarding the development of anatomically and physiologically substantiated valve prostheses, taking into account the individual characteristics of the hydrodynamic patterns of blood flow.
IMPROVING METHODOLOGY OF ENDOTHELIAL CELL RESEARCH: SYNOPSIS AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Shishkova Daria K. , Frolov Alexey V. , Markova Victoria E. , Markova Yulia O. , Lazebnaya Anastasia I. , Kutikhin Anton G.
Published: October 2024

Highlights

The creation of a domestic bank of standardized endothelial cell cultures (arterial, venous, microvascular, valvular, and lymphatic lineages) and the development of an import-substituting technological process for working with them is a key task to enable next-generation endothelial physiology studies.

The cultural and molecular justification for selecting the best source of autologous endothelial cells with the highest regenerative potential (in particular in context of their proliferative and angiogenic capacities) represents a primary task for endothelial physiology.

The research methodology for studying endothelial cell physiology under normal and pathological conditions includes assessing their proliferative and angiogenic properties and molecular profiling.

 

Abstract

One of the primary goals in studying endothelial physiology is the development of a biomedical cell product in the form of autologous endothelial cells with high regenerative potential. These cells would be used to stimulate angiogenesis in ischemic tissues and to coat tissue-engineered constructs (such as vascular grafts) for their endothelialization prior to implantation into the human body. This review examines the key applied aspects of endothelial physiology aimed at achieving these objectives, including the selection of endothelial cell sources for modeling various pathological processes and regenerative medicine, the creation of a bank of standardized endothelial cell lines with various differentiation directions to enhance the effectiveness of this modeling, methods to ensure adhesion, sustained proliferation, and physiological functioning of primary endothelial cells in culture, as well as the methodology for assessing proliferative and angiogenic activity in the context of analyzing endothelial cell resistance to external influences. The discussion emphasizes the need for a comparative analysis of the regenerative properties of microvascular endothelial cells from subcutaneous adipose tissue, colony-forming endothelial cells from peripheral venous blood, and endothelial cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells. Additionally, the current state of import substitution for various components of endothelial cell technology is reviewed, including standardized cell lines, functional protein coatings, and three-dimensional matrices for angiogenesis assessment, culture media for isolation, cultivation, and experimentation with endothelial cells, as well as other reagents for the isolation and subculturing of endothelial cells, culture dishes, and antibodies for flow cytometric and fluorescent microscopic immunophenotyping. The review also analyzes the prospects for import substitution of missing components, such as certain endothelial cell lines, magnetic beads with immobilized antibodies for their isolation, and antibodies conjugated with various fluorophores.
FEATURES OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLE PRODUCTION BY THP-1 CELLS DURING IN VITRO STIMULATION
Authors: Akino Arthur Daniil , Rubinshtein Artem A. , Golovkin Ivan A. , Tirikova Polina V. , Trulyov Andrey S. , Kudryavtsev Igor V. , Golovkin Aleksey S.
Published: October 2024

Highlights

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane objects with inner and surface molecular cargo performing various biological functions associated with intercellular connection. Therefore, they are a promising object for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

THP-1 is a human leukemia monocytic cell line and a classic model for monocyte/macrophage function and differentiation. Spectrum of THP-1-derived extracellular vesicles are heterogenic and understudied.

The review presents the comparison of EVs produced by stimulated THP-1 cells.

 

Aim. To quantitatively and qualitatively characterize THP-1-derived extracellular vesicles in depending on type and dose of used stimulators.

Methods. THP-1 cells were stimulated by PMA (4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate), LPS (lipopolysaccharide) and TNF (tumor necrosis factor). Cell activation and viability were assessed by the expression of CD54 and DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining respectively. Size and quantitative characteristics were assessed using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Qualitative assessment of surface molecular markers (CD9, CD63, CD54) was performed by high-sensitivity multicolor flow cytometry (hs-FCM).

Results. TNF and PMA stimulation in medium and high doses led to an increase in quantity of small EVs (30–150 nm) that express tetraspanins CD9 and CD63. Low doses of TNF and PMA did not lead to a significant increase of EVs compared to control. There was a decrease in amount of small EVs (30–150 nm) in LPS-stimulated probes. However, medium and high doses of LPS stimulated selective CD63-positive EVs secretion with absence of CD9-positive events. Cell activation assessed by CD54 expression have been dose-dependent and was most prominent under PMA stimulation.

Conclusion. Every type of THP-1 cell activators promotes changes in the functional activity of cells towards production of extracellular vesicles. Moreover, we have demonstrated quantitative and qualitative difference in THP-1-derived vesicles under different stimulation conditions. Medium and high doses of PMA and TNF were the most relevant in stimulation of vesiculation. LPS-stimulation could be used to selectively obtain CD63-positive fraction of EV.
PATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF IONIZED CALCIUM, CALCIPROTEIN MONOMERS AND CALCIPROTEIN PARTICLES ON ARTERIAL ENDOTHELIAL CELLS
Authors: Shishkova Daria K. , Markova Victoria E. , Markova Yulia O. , Velikanova Elena A. , Sinitskaya Anna V. , Sinitsky Maxim Yu. , Tyurina Arina E. , Stepanov Alexander D. , Dyleva Yulia A. , Matveeva Vera G. , Kutikhin Anton G.
Published: October 2024

Highlights

To achieve a 10% (i.e., 1.1-fold) increase in ionized calcium level in the serum-free cell culture medium and Wistar rat serum, 10 µg/mL calcium (e.g. with CaCl2) should be added; this corresponds to the upper quartile of ionized calcium in the human population.

Incubation with ionized calcium or calciprotein monomers (10 µg/mL calcium) does not induce any pathological effects in primary arterial endothelial cells, although calciprotein monomers are internalised by endothelial cells similar to calciprotein particles.

Incubation of primary human coronary artery endothelial cells with calciprotein particles (10 µg/mL calcium) triggers an increased expression of VCAM1, ICAM1, and SELE genes (i.e., those encoding cell adhesion molecules) as well as IL6, CXCL8, and CXCL1 genes (i.e., those encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines), together indicating endothelial activation.

 

Aim. To compare the pathological effects of ionized calcium, calciprotein monomers (CPMs), and calciprotein particles (CPPs) after their addition to endothelial cells.

Methods. CPMs and CPPs were synthesized by the supersaturation of albumin-supplemented NaCl solution with calcium (by adding CaCl2) and phosphate ions (by adding Na2HPO4). CPMs and CPPs were separated by sequential ultracentrifugation (to isolate CPPs) and ultrafiltration (to separate CPMs and free mineral ions). Calcium concentration in CPMs and CPPs was measured by an o-cresolphthalein complexone-based colorimetric assay. Internalization of fluorescent-labeled CPMs and CPPs by endothelial cells was interrogated by confocal microscopy after their 1-hour co-incubation under flow. Primary coronary artery and internal thoracic artery endothelial cells were incubated with ionized calcium (CaCl2), CPMs, or CPPs (10 µg/mL calcium) upon reaching confluence (n = 6 wells per group) to simulate a 10% increase in ionized calcium concentration. After 24 hours, we collected RNA and analyzed the gene expression pattern by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Results. CPMs and CPPs were internalized by endothelial cells as soon as after 1 hour of co-incubation under flow. Treatment with ionized calcium or CPMs (10 µg/mL calcium) did not cause any pathological effects in arterial endothelial cells. In contrast, CPPs promoted an expression of VCAM1, ICAM1, and SELE genes (i.e., those encoding cell adhesion molecules) as well as IL6, CXCL8, and CXCL1 genes (i.e., those encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines) in primary human coronary artery endothelial cells, together indicating their pro-inflammatory activation.

Conclusion. Pathological effects of calcium stress are defined by the calcium source and not simply by its concentration.
DIAGNOSTIC POTENTIAL OF DETERMINING INDIVIDUAL EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES SUBSETS IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Kudryavtsev Igor V. , Golovkin Alexey S. , Totolyan Areg A.
Published: October 2024

Highlights

The review is dedicated to analysis of available data on diagnostic significance of extracellular vesicles and their nucleic acids and proteins cargo. The analysis is focused on clinical application of testing systems in various pathological conditions and illnesses. In particular, diagnostic value of miRNA levels in different types of cancer are also presented.

 

Abstract

The increased number of performed studies investigating biological nature of extracellular vesicles, as well as their participation in many biological and pathological processes, determines the need to translate the acquired knowledge into practical medicine. The development of diagnostic and prognostic algorithms based on the study of the level of target extracellular vesicles in patients with various pathological conditions is the most promising way of translation of this knowledge. This review attempts to systematize the available data on the experience and/or prospects for the use of certain classes of extracellular vesicles in the diagnosis of the most common diseases and pathological conditions (ischemic and reperfusion injuries of tissues and organs, infectious and non-infectious inflammatory diseases, malignant tumors, etc.). Potentially applicable extracellular vesicles for diagnostic purposes are considered separately in terms of their protein composition, as well as in terms of the repertoire of transferred nucleic acids (primarily miRNAs).
PITFALLS IN USING INTRAVASCULAR IMAGING DURING PCI: SIZING THE STENT ACCORDING TO MEAN ARTERIAL LUMEN DIAMETER MAY RESULT IN STENT UNDEREXPANSION
Authors: Suslov Ivan V. , Pekarskiy Stanislav E. , Baev Andrey E. , Tarasov Mikhail G. , Gergert Egor S. , Gromovoy Roman M. , Bogdanov Yuri I. , Sultanov Syrgak M. , Gorokhovsky Alexey A. , Ivashkin Denis O.
Published: October 2024

Highlights

Contemporary algorithms for optical coherence tomography (OCT)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are easy to learn and understand, however, these algorithms are mostly declarative, and not substantiated in practice. In particular, using the mean reference lumen diameter may result in underestimation of the optimal stent size in relation to the degree of stenosis, i.e., the difference between the minimum and maximum diameters (lumen asymmetry), whereas choosing a stent based on the mean lumen diameter leads to stent underexpansion.

 

Aim. To assess whether choosing a stent size based on the mean lumen diameter of the reference segment of the artery may result in its underexpansion.

Methods. The prospective cohort study included patients with chronic coronary artery disease and complex lesion anatomy who underwent high-risk OCT-guided PCI. Based on the OCT results, the distal and proximal reference segments were determined, in which the minimum and maximum diameters were measured, followed by calculating the mean lumen diameter, which was further used for stent selection. Based on the results of repeated OCT after stent implantation, the degree of stent expansion was assessed. The expected relationship between the degree of stent expansion and the baseline lumen asymmetry was assessed by correlation analysis. Linear regression was used to determine the asymmetry threshold corresponding to clinically relevant stent expansion of 80%.

Results. Overall, 24 patients were enrolled, 3 of them were excluded because of inability to perform OCT without lesion predilatation. On average, the maximum and minimum diameters of the reference lumen according to OCT were 2.87 ± 0.66 mm and 1.85 ± 0.44 mm, respectively. The ratio between minimum and maximum diameter was 0.35 ± 0.09. The mean diameter was 2.30 ± 0.51 mm, the difference between the maximum and mean diameters was 0.61 ± 0.28 mm. The criterion of stent expansion ≥ 80% was achieved in 6 cases (28.6%). The correlation analysis has shown a statistically significant inversely proportional dependence of the relative stent expansion on the baseline lumen asymmetry (the difference between the maximum and minimum diameters (r = –0.41, p = 0.032), while clinically relevant stent expansion ≥ 80% was observed with a relative difference in diameters of less than 30%

Conclusion. In case of significant lumen asymmetry choosing a stent diameter based on the mean lumen diameter is associated with stent uderexpansion.
NON-DESTRUCTIVE METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE DEGREE OF CALCIFICATION IN BIOPROSTHETIC HEART VALVES
Authors: Klyshnikov Kirill Yu. , Glushkova Tatyana V. , Kostyunin Alexander E. , Rezvova Maria A. , Onishchenko Pavel S. , Akentyeva Tatyana N. , Batranin Andrey V. , Ovcharenko Evgeny A.
Published: October 2024

Highlights

Micro-computed tomography allows specialists to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the structure of calcified areas of explanted bioprosthetic heart valves.

This method enables the evaluation of changes in the structure of the bioprosthesis that have occurred during its prolonged operation.

 

Aim of the study. To evaluate the potential of high-resolution tomography for the study of mitral valve bioprostheses of different designs explanted due to dysfunction and various calcification patterns (microcalcification and macrocalcification).

Methods. Single samples of the «UniLine» and «PeriCor» bioprostheses were the objects of study, they were explanted due to dysfunction developed after 76 and 87 months of operation in recipients. The peculiarities of calcification localization in the structure of bioprostheses were studied using high-resolution tomography followed by reconstruction of volumetric images and quantitative analysis of radiodense areas. Moreover, we used light microscopy with Alizarin Red S staining to detect calcifications.

Results. The study results showed that the nature of the distribution and volume of calcinates significantly differ between the studied samples: for the «UniLine» bioprosthesis, the affected areas were located in the leaflet material and constituted 21.1% of the total biological tissue volume; for the «PeriCor» bioprosthesis, calcifications were diffusely distributed in small structural formations, accounting for a total of 5.1% of the biological material, primary localized on the «auxiliary» structures of the prosthesis – the covering made of porcine or calf xenopericardium. In addition, high-resolution tomography allowed us to determine the degree of deformation of the «UniLine» bioprosthesis frame, with the posts deviating inward by 1.1–1.4 mm.

Conclusion. The possibility of using computed microtomography for qualitative and quantitative assessment of calcified xeno-pericardial and xeno-aortal bioprostheses has been demonstrated. However, this method is limited in its ability to detect macrocalcification within the leaflet thickness.