bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of climate change on agriculture in Senegal: A systematic review
Authors: Ahmed Abubakar , Suleiman Mukhtar , Abubakar Musbahu Jibrin , Saleh Abba
Published: September 2021

Climate change is a global environmental threat, affecting every sector of the economy with agriculture being the most affected as a result of its dependence on climate especially rainfall and temperature. The objective of this study is to examine the impacts of climate change on agriculture (crop production) and identify the farmers’ adaptation strategies to the impacts of climate change in Senegal. This study employed systematic literature review. Searching of relevant documents were conducted between 26th December 2020 and 10th February, 2021. A comprehensive search of six databases were conducted. The databases searched were Scopus, African Journal Online (AJOL), ProQuest, Elsevier, Research gate, and Google scholar. The findings revealed that temperature is expected to increase by median value of 0.90C (0.70C-1.50C) by 2035, by 2.10 (1.60C-3.30C) by 2065, and 4.00C (2.6-5.90C) by 2100 and rainfall could increase by 1% (uncertainty range of −4% to +8%) by 2035, 2% (−8% to +8%) by 2065, and 5% (−10% to +16%) by 2100. As a result of rising temperatures, local agricultural production will be less than 50kg per capita by 2050. This is expected to have an effect on crop imports as well as regional migration. The decrease in rainfall under RCP2.6, (Representative Concentration Pathway) combined with the effect of temperature, has a significant impact on the yield of sorghum, maize, and millet, with production decreasing by up to 20-50%. Farmers employed several adaptation strategies to adapt to the impacts of climate change; sowing improved variety, mixed cropping, income diversification, ownership of multiple farms, religious practices in form of prayer. The review recommends strengthening of climate related institutions, adoption of new innovations, implementation of new climate related policies, climate monitoring and forecasting, enhancing and strengthening community-based adaptation through sensitization and incentives.
Adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate change by smallholder dairy farmers: A case of Nandi county in Kenya
Authors: Kirui Josephine Wangechi , Muthama Nzioka John , Gachuiri Charles Karuku , Ngaina Joshua Ndiwa
Published: September 2021

Climate change has an impact on agriculture and subsequently food productivity and security. This study assesses adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate change by smallholder dairy farmers in the Nandi county of Kenya. Questionnaires, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and key informant interviews were used to collect data. A Pearson's chi-square test was used to test significant associations. Results indicate most households in study area were male headed (79.2%), with between 4 and 6 people (51.8%) and aged between 31 and 60 years (75.4%). Over 80% of households were dependent on farming as a source of income. Households depended on natural pastures on their own farms as a source of feed (76.5%) and crop residues (49.9%). Natural pastures and fodder crops were considered the most important source of feed for the cows. Fodder were planted in less than 0.5 acres of land for Napier (80.1%), Rhodes grass (57.5%), Sorghum (54%), Maize (33.4%), Kikuyu Grass (40.3%), Lucerne (59.4%) and household planting <50 fodder Trees (82.1%). Smallholder farmers conserved/preserved crop residue (88.2%), hay (39.9%) and silage (35.4%). Methods used to address negative experiences of climate change included use conserved hay/ silage (44.2%), buying of commercial feeds (40.9%), use crop residue (74.6%), moving of animals to other farms (8.8%) and selling of animals (17.4%). Measures to prevent negative effects of climate change included adoption of fodder types/varieties (54.7%) and conservation and preservation practices (70.0%). The study recommends greater attention to increase fodder crop production and conservation, support to smallholder farmers to explore new ways that would sustainably help them adapt and mitigate the effect of climate change on fodder productivity and subsequently on milk production.
Pandemia e escolarização indígena: o enfrentamento da evasão escolar indígena pós-pandemia com o apoio da educação mediada pelas tecnologias
Authors: Veira Braga Ana Cláudia , Feitosa Francisco Darci , Adão Jorge Manoel , Costa Melo Larissa
Published: September 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o conjunto de estratégias e mecanismos pedagógicos empregados para o auxílio e manutenção da rotina escolar no Colégio Estadual Indígena Tupinambá do Acuípe de Baixo no município de Ilhéus no Estado da Bahia. Tais estratégias visaram incentivar a permanência dos atores escolares em isolamento social, principal forma de prevenção do contágio e da propagação do vírus responsável pela pandemia que assolou o mundo no ano de 2020 e inviabilizou o Ensino Presencial nas instituições públicas e privadas do Brasil. De forma mais específica, este estudo busca identificar quais são os resultados esperados no atendimento escolar, mediado pelas tecnologias no esforço de evitar a evasão escolar indígena, e no auxílio à manutenção da rotina de estudos para a permanência dos alunos no processo de escolarização pós-pandemia.
A sobrevivência da arte: novas práticas de coral univers´itário em tempos distantes
Authors: Rocha de Almeida Leonardo , Rabello dos Santos Marcelo
Published: September 2021

Este relato de experiência apresenta e discute as estratégias adotadas por um coro universitário durante o ano de 2020 no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Através do uso de diferentes softwares e plataformas de educação a distância, foram mantidas as atividades musicais do grupo, que é uma ação de extensão universitária. Os resultados artísticos foram divulgados principalmente no YouTube, em que cada uma das oito produções atingiu pelo menos cerca de mil visualizações. Um questionário on-line de avaliação foi preenchido pelos extensionistas, que relataram sobre: i) adaptação ao uso de tecnologia; ii) valorização de realizar atividades durante o distanciamento.
Teleologia i pochodzenie ewolucji
Authors: Garte Sy
Published: September 2021

Ewolucja darwinowska nie jest synonimem zmiany, lecz wyjątkowym procesem biologicznym. Biochemiczny mechanizm ewolucji jest inny niż wynikało to z obserwacji Darwina dotyczących dziedzicznej zmienności i doboru naturalnego. Kluczem do ewolucji biologicznej jest ścisły związek między dziedziczonym genotypem a zależnym od genów fenotypem. Dzięki temu związkowi fenotyp może stanowić przedmiot selekcji. Jest teoretycznie możliwe, by pewne formy życia nie podlegały ewolucji. Pochodzenie życia i pochodzenie ewolucji to dwa odrębne problemy badawcze. Klasyczny problem teleologii w biologii da się rozwiązać dzięki starannemu zbadaniu mechanizmu odpowiadającego za związek między genotypem a fenotypem, czyli mechanizmu syntezy białek lub systemu translacji. Ten mechanizm przekształcania chemii kwasów nukleinowych w chemię białek może stanowić fundamentalne źródło teleonomii i wewnętrznej teleologii w organizmach żywych.
Geology, Mining, and Mineral Potential of Southern Venezuela
Authors: Channer Dominic , Graffe Elsa , Vielma Pedro
Published: September 2021

The highly prospective Precambrian Guyana shield south of the Orinoco River in Venezuela can be divided into five main provinces: Imataca, Pastora-Botanamo, Cuchivero, Amazonas, and Roraima. The combination of gold-rich granite-greenstone belts, felsic volcanic and granitic terrains, highly diamondiferous kimberlites, widespread gold and diamond placers, and large unexplored areas makes this region an exciting exploration province. Important mineralization events occurred at different times over a wide range of geologic time, from 3.2 Ga for banded iron formation in Imataca, 2.0 to 1.9 Ga for gold mineralization in Pastora-Botanamo, 0.71 Ga for diamondiferous kimberlite emplacement in Cuchivero, and the Tertiary for formation of enriched iron ores and bauxite ores in Imataca and Amazonas.

Iron and aluminum mining is controlled by state mining corporations, with current annual ore production of 23 and 5.2 Mt, respectively. Gold mining is divided between state and private companies and artisanal operations. Total gold production is probably about 750,000 oz per year, including artisanal production. All diamond production is currently artisanal, with total estimated annual production of 500,000 ct. When current project go into production, Venezuela’s gold and diamond production will pass 1.3 Moz/yr and 1 Mct/yr, respectively. Artisanal mining is a key part of the gold and diamond-mining industry in Venezuela, and prospective exploration and mining companies must be aware of this; they should include projects with artisanal miners and local communities in their exploration and development planning.
Structure of the Leydig Cell in the African Sideneck Turtle (Pelusios castaneus)
Authors: Olukole S. G. , Oke B. O.
Published: September 2021

The African sideneck turtle (Pelusios castaneus) is a freshwater turtle of West African origin used in traditional medicine with little consumption as meat. There have been documentations on the reproductive biology of the turtle with no report on the structure of the Leydig cell of the animal. We described the structure of the Leydig cell of the adult African sideneck turtle using histology, microstereology and transmission electron microscopy. The Leydig cell of the African sideneck turtle were elliptical in shape when found proximal to blood vessels and elongated at other points within the testicular interstitium. Leydig cells occurred in cords or clusters of varying sizes and numbers (3-5 cells) that appear to be random in distribution possessing round to ovoid nuclei containing small amount of peripherally disposed heterochromatin with prominent nucleoli. The seminiferous tubules of the turtle occupied about 85% of the total testicular parenchyma while the interstitium occupied 15% of it. Of this 15%, the Leydig cell occupied about 10% while the stromal elements, inclusive of blood vessels occupied the remaining 5%. The cytoplasm of the Leydig cell was about 85% of the entire cell and comprised microfilaments, lipid droplets, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticula as well as numerous mitochondria. In conclusion, the histological and ultrastructural features of the Leydig cell of the African sideneck turtle bear close similarities with those of other reptiles with little variations. These variations include interstitial location as well as in relation to blood vessels within the testicular interstitium. Information made available by this study is expected to be useful in the comparative anatomy of the Leydig cell of turtles and reptiles.
Management of Dystocia Due to Uterine Torsion in a Murah Buffalo Using ‎Schafer’s Technique
Authors: Mustapha A. R. , Ghosh S. K. , Prasad J. K. , Peter I. D. , Iliyasu D. , Alkali I. M. , Asuku S. O. , Abba A. , Bamanga M. U.
Published: September 2021

Uterine torsion is considered an obstetrical emergency and should be corrected as soon as it is diagnosed. It occurs frequently in buffaloes as compared to other species of animals, mainly due to their peculiar anatomy and physiology. This case report describes the occurrence of uterine torsion in a pregnant pluriparous buffalo. The buffalo was presented with history of persistent straining for over 6 hours. The cervix was fully dilated and obstetrical examination revealed dystocia due to a left sided uterine torsion. Haematological results revealed a normal PCV but with an accompanying macrocytosis. There was also neutrophilia, eosinophilia as well as lymphopenia as well as hypocalcium and hypomagnesemia. The dystocia was corrected using the Schafer’s technique. This involved the placing of the free end of a wooden plank on the left flank while the other free end, having an assistant standing on it rested on the ground. Rolling the buffalo twice with this arrangement corrected the anomaly.
Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Acalypha wilkesiana on some Serum ‎Biochemical Profiles of Mice in Sub-Acute Toxicity Studies
Authors: Madziga H. A. , Chiroma M. , Sanni S. , Sandabe U. K. , Sodipo O. A.
Published: September 2021

Acalypha wilkesiana has been used for various medicinal purposes such as in the treatment of hypertension, fungal and bacterial infections. In this study, the effects of prolonged oral administration of the aqueous leaf extract on some biochemical profiles of mice were evaluated. A total of 80 mice were allocated to 4 groups (A, B, C and D) comprising of 20 mice each. Mice in group A (control) were given (1 mL) of distilled water orally while 1 mL of the extract was given to the mice in groups B, C and D daily at the concentrations of 800, 1000 and 1200 mg/kg, respectively. This was continued for three weeks and at the end of each week, 4 mice from each group were humanely sacrificed and sera from blood samples collected were used for determination of activities of biochemical parameters. The results showed that administration of the extract resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) lower concentrations of total protein and cholesterol in the treatment groups at the 3rd week of treatment when compared to control values. Glucose level was significantly (p > 0.05) higher in the extract-treated groups by the 3rd week of treatment, while activities of AST, ALT and ALP were not significantly (p > 0.05) altered by the extract. There were no significant (p > 0.05) differences between the levels of calcium, total and conjugated bilirubin in treatment and control groups, while sodium concentration was significantly (p < 0.05) higher at day 14 after withdrawal of treatment, compared to the control. This study suggests that the extract of Acalypha wilkesiana has a hyperglycaemic effect.
A Retrospective Study Correlating Modified Radiological Chest Volume and ‎Vertebral Heart Score with Pulmonary Patterns in Dogs
Authors: Chee Tan M. C. , Okene I. A. , Hashim A.
Published: September 2021

Veterinary practices rely on the Vertebral Heart Score (VHS) to determine cardiac silhouette size. In addition to cardiac silhouette, pulmonary patterns are examined to determine if clinical signs such as coughing are of cardiac or respiratory origin. Concept of interpreting pulmonary patterns are based on the anatomical structure involved within the lung parenchyma to make assumptions of manifestation of diseases. Modified Radiographic Chest Volume (mRCV) and Vertebral Heart Score (VHS) were retrospectively evaluated for correlation with pulmonary patterns in dogs. Patient data and thoracic radiographs were obtained from the digital repository of selected veterinary clinics in Malaysia. Findings revealed that there are wide variations in VHS and are significantly associated with pulmonary patterns (p < 0.05). Mean VHS values of 10.5 ± 1.2, and variations in mean mRCV across breed (26.74 ± 16.71) were observed. The mRCV weakly correlated with VHS denoting that changes in cardiac sizes does not necessarily synergise with lung volume. Therefore, it is recommended to evaluate pulmonary patterns alongside VHS while interpreting thoracic radiographs for cardiorespiratory diseases.
Antibacterial Activity of Aqueous and Ethanol Fruit Extracts of Cucumis ‎sativus Linn. Against Selected Microorganisms at the University of ‎Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri
Authors: Akanmu A. O. , Yunus H. H. , Balogun S. T. , Sodipo O. A. , Paul L. M. , Gulani I.
Published: September 2021

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus Linn) [Cucurbitaceae] is a famous vegetable crop used for food since ancient times but little is known of its antibacterial potential. This study investigated the phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activities of the aqueous and ethanol fruit extracts of the plant against some clinical isolates (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus subtilis and Corynebacterium spp) using the disc diffusion method. The qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, cardenolites and flavonoids. Corynebacterium spp was the most susceptible (with maximum inhibition zone of 30.00±0.00 mm). The two extracts had varied antibacterial activity at the same level. At the concentration of 400mg/ml, aqueous extract inhibited S. aureus, Corynebacterium spp, E. coli and K. pneumoniae, while ethanol extract inhibited S. aureus, S. pyogenes, S. typhi and Corynebacterium spp. B. subtilis was inhibited only at the highest (significant) concentration of 600mg/ml (7.00±0.00 mm)[p<0.05]. The MIC value for both extracts against Corynebacterium spp was 25mg/ml. The MBC value against Corynebacterium spp was observed at 50mg/ml and 25mg/ml for the aqueous and ethanol extract respectively. The results suggest that the ethanol extract was bactericidal at low concentration while the aqueous extract was bacteriostatic at low concentration and bactericidal at high concentration against Corynebacterium spp. The difference between the MBC for the two extracts was significant (p<0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that extract of C. sativus could be a potential source of natural antibacterial agent
Faktor-Faktor Yang Memotivasi Mahasiswa Uniss Untuk Menjadi Wirausaha
Authors: Setyawan Suprihono , . Ridwan
Published: September 2021

This study aims to analyze and examine the factors that influence UNISS Students’ interest in becoming entrepreneurs. This studi explores the analytical approaches used in mixed methods qualitative and quantitative with the number of respondents as many as 200 students of Selamat Sri University  who have taken entrepreneurship courses. The 200 respondents who filled out forms in answering questionnaires just 144 students. The results showed that partially the Human Resource  Factor  was influence students' interest in becoming entrepreneurs (5.3%), then other Factors Capital was influenced 7.4%. The result showed that Students’ Motivation was influenced 6%. While Marketing factor was influenced 4%. And laast factor  was Training influnced 5% student in becoming entrepreneurs. Simultaneously, the factors studied provided an explanation  as showed by Coeficient determination number (17,4%), while other factors that are not studied are 82.6%
Pengaruh Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WoM), Kelompok Teman Sebaya (Peer Group) dan Gaya Hidup Hedonis pada Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Filosofi Kopi Jogja
Authors: Wacono Topri Dwi , Lukitaningsih Ambar , Maharani Bernadetta Diansepti
Published: September 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji Electronic Word of Mouth, Peer Group dan Gaya Hidup Hedonis pada Keputusan Pembeliankonsumen Filosofi Kopi Jogja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penlitian kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel non-probabilitas sampling. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Electronic Word of Mouth dan gaya hidup hedonis mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi kecenderungan seseorang melakukan Electronic Word of Mouth, maka semakin tinggi juga kemungkinan melakukan Keputusan Pembelian serta memiliki gaya hidup hedonis yang tinggi maka keputusan untuk melakukan pembelian akan semakin tinggi. Sementara peer group tidak berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen filosofi kopi jogja.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji Electronic Word of Mouth, Peer Group dan Hedonic Lifestyle terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Filosofi Kopi Jogja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan teknik non-probability sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Electronic Word of Mouth dan gaya hidup hedonis mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi kecenderungan seseorang untuk melakukan Electronic Word of Mouth, maka semakin tinggi pula kemungkinannya untuk membuat Keputusan Pembelian dan memiliki gaya hidup hedonis yang tinggi maka semakin tinggi pula keputusannya untuk melakukan pembelian. Sedangkan peer group tidak berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen pada Filosofi Kopi Jogja.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK, DESAIN PRODUK, DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK DI E-COMMERCE LAZADA
Authors: Priandewi. Made. Maitri. , Fadhilah Muinah , Maharani Bernadetta DianSepti
Published: September 2021

Dahulu berbelanja di toko offline sangat diminati oleh konsumen. Seiring dengan berkembangnya teknologi, banyak perusahaan yang mengembangkan  dan memfasilitasi online store kecil dengan dibuatnya E-Commerce. Salah satunya adalah Lazada. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas produk, desain produk, dan promosi terhadap keputusan pembelian pada E-Commerce Lazada baik secara simultan maupun secara parsial. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan data kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari kuesioner.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengujian hipotesis secara parsial hanya variabel kualitas produk (X1) dan promosi (X3) yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y). Sedangkan, variabel desain produk (X2) tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y). Sedangkan, pengujian secara simultan kualitas produk (X1), desain produk (X2), dan promosi (X3) berpengaruh secara bersama sama terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y). Saran yang dibutuhkan dalam penelitian selanjutnya yaitu menambahkan variabel lain yang turut mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian seperti harga, kepercayaan, fitur dan sebagainya.

Kata kunci: Desain Produk, Keputusan Pembelian, Kualitas Produk, Promosi
PENGARUH WEBSITE DESIGN, CUSTOMER SERVICE, SECURITY PRIVACY TERHADAP OVERALL E-SERVICE QUALITY (Studi Kasus Pada Pengguna Shopee Yogyakarta)
Authors: Sopran Cepi , Lukitaningsih Ambar , Ningrum Nonik Kusuma
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh Web Design, Customer Service Dan Security Privacy Terhadap Overall E-Service Quality. Penelitian ini menggunakan empat variabel yaitu Web Design, Customer Service Dan Security Privacy sebagai variabel bebas dan Overall E-Service Quality sebagai variable terikat. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah yang membeli di Shopee minimal (satu) kaIi. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial Web Design berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Overall E-Service Quality, Customer Service tidak berpengaruh positif signifikan pada Overall E-Service Quality, dan Security Privacy berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Overall E-Service Quality Dan Web Design, Customer Service, Security Privacy secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Overall E-Service Quality
Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Remaja Tentang Seks Bebas Pada Masa Pademi COVID-19 di SMP Negeri 4 Pupuan
Authors: Ariyanti Kadek Sri
Published: September 2021

Latar belakang: Seks bebas bebas merupakan salah satu permasalahan remaja yang harus mendapat perhatian yang khusus. Tingginya angka seks bebas pada remaja dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya adalah pengetahuan yang kurang terkait seks bebas.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan remaja tentang seks bebas di SMP Negeri 4 Pupuan.

Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Jumlah populasi sebanyak 299 orang siswa, sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 171 orang, pengambilan sampel dengan cara random sampling , uji statistik menggunakan SPSS. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang disebarkan secara online melalui google form. Analisa data dengan cara deskriptif untuk memperoleh distribusi frekuensi variabel.

Hasil: Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh tingkat pengetahuan remaja tentang seks bebas dalam kategori cukup baik yaitu sebanyak 75%.

Rekomendasi: Sekolah diharapkan untuk meningkatkan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler yang terkait dengan kesehatan reproduksi remaja untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa.

 

Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, Remaja, Seks Bebas.
Gambaran Peran Kader Kesehatan dalam Menyukseskan Program KB Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Marga I
Authors: Ariyanti Kadek Sri
Published: September 2021

Latar belakang: Kondisi pandemi menimbulkan kekhawatiran adanya lonjakan kelahiran bayi atau baby boom pasca pandemi Covid-19. Peran kader kesehatan dalam menyukseskan program KB dalam situasi ini sangat diperlukan, mengingat kecemasan masyarakat untuk datang ke tempat layanan kesehatan cukup tinggi.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran peran kader kesehatan dalam menyukseskan program KB pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Marga I.

Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah kader kesehatan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Marga I dengan jumlah 125 orang. Sampel berjumlah 124 orang yang diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang disebarkan secara online melalui google form. Analisa data dengan cara deskriptif untuk memperoleh distribusi frekwensi variabel.

Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa kader kesehatan yang memberikan informasi tentang KB sebanyak 67%. Informasi yang diberikan sebagian besar melalui whatsapp yaitu sebesar 63%. Sebagian kecil kader memberikan informasi melalui leaflet/brosur (43%) dan melakukan kunjungan rumah (40%).

Rekomendasi: Kader lebih gencar memberikan informasi tentang KB pada masa pandemi Covid-19 sebagai upaya untuk menyukseskan program KB di Indonesia.
Make writing a daily habit: An evaluation of an educational intervention to improve writing self-efficacy among DNP students
Authors: Parker Pearman D. , Riley Elizabeth , DeClerk Leonie C. , Stevenson Sharon B. , DeGravelles Pamela V. , LaBorde Pamela J. , Berber Albrey L. , Hughes Marilyn F. , Nagel Corey
Published: September 2021

Background and objective: Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP) students are trained to integrate both clinical care and evidence-based research in order to bring together science with application. However, the educational pathways in DNP programs can be problematic, especially with regards to scholarly writing. While several interventions have been utilized for DNP students, the results show that the intervention(s) used should be tailored to the specific student body being served. However, limited evidence exists regarding the effectiveness of tailored interventions on improving central concepts such as writing self-efficacy. Given these differences in the design and delivery of the DNP curricula, we created a tailored educational-writing curriculum for new DNP students at a medium-sized academic medical center in a Southern state.Methods: We assessed changes in writing self-efficacy over the three measurement intervals using linear mixed effects modeling to account for within-student clustering of writing self-efficacy scores over time.Results: Baseline scores of writing self-efficacy improved immediately after the workshop (Timepoint 2 – immediate post-test) and a full semester later (Timepoint 3 – semester post-test). However, we observed no statistically significant difference between Timepoint 2 (immediate post-test) and Timepoint 3 (semester post-test).Conclusions: We saw a significant benefit in writing self-efficacy among incoming DNP students from baseline scores. The tailored format and integration of real-life anecdotal feedback from faculty may have been fundamental to creating an increase in writing self-efficacy among students—a concept foundational to student, and possibly professional, nursing success.
Incorporating lead education content into undergraduate nursing curriculum: Impact on knowledge and confidence
Authors: Wu Tsu-Yin , McBurrows Lydia , Hoffman Jenni , Lally Sarah , Raghunathan Vedhika
Published: September 2021

Background and objective: Lead poisoning is a major public health crisis in Michigan. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of an education intervention on knowledge and confidence levels among nursing students enrolled in the pre-licensure Bachelor of Science in Nursing and Registered Nurse to Bachelor of Science in Nursing (RN2BSN) program.Methods: The study used a quantitative pre- and post-test design to assess the impact of lead health learning activities on knowledge and confidence among undergraduate nursing students in the Midwestern United States. The final study sample included 115 nursing students from two student cohorts. The study instrument used 26-item Nursing Students Lead Knowledge and Confidence Scale; independent sample t-tests, paired sample t-test and Cohen’s d for the effect size were used in data analyses.Results: The education improved total knowledge and confidence on both groups whereas RN2BSN students had larger effect sizes on the differences of pre- to post-test scores than pre-licensure students in general lead knowledge, lead exposure knowledge, total lead knowledge, and confidence.Conclusions: The results contribute to limited literature examining a critical public health concern regarding lead health exposure and prevention education of nursing students. Incorporating such content area into nursing curriculums is essential in ensuring that such public health disparities are mitigated.
Seasonal Variation in the Content of Condensed Tannins in Leaves of Xylopia emarginata Mart. (Annonaceae) in Response to Phenology and Climate
Authors: Medeiros Patrícia Conceição , Nunes Yule Roberta Ferreira , Cruz Juliana Pimenta , Souza Dayse Marcielle de , Ávila Marly Antonielle , Morais-Costa Franciellen , Arrudas Sônia Ribeiro , Vasconcelos Viviane de Oliveira , Vieira Thallyta Maria , Moura Ana Paula Venuto
Published: September 2021

Variations in the concentrations of plant secondary metabolites can occur due to the phenological stages of the plants, combined with environmental variations. Plants rich in tannins are used in folk medicine for different purposes. Xylopia emarginata Mart. (Anonaceae)-“Pindaíba” has been used to treat skin edema, bronchitis and malaria. We evaluated variations in condensed tannin (CTs) contents in relation to phenological variables in leaves of Xylopia emarginata during one year. The study took place in a Vereda in northern Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Monthly phenological observations as well as quantifications of the contents of condensed leaf tannins in ethanol and aqueous extracts were performed. The production of X. emarginata leaves occurred throughout the study, with greater budding and leaf fall in the dry season. Phenological observations were correlated with CT levels and climatic data of precipitation and temperature. There was a significant correlation (p < 0.05) between fruiting and CT levels in the extracts, which were higher during the dry season, 13.2% in the ethanol extract and 7.8% in the aqueous extract.
Genetic Analysis of New Maize Hybrids for Yield and Resistance to Aflatoxin Accumulation
Authors: Oppong Allen , Dadzie Abu M. , Ifie Beatrice , Asante Maxwell D. , Prempeh Ruth N. A. , Abrokwah Linda A. , Kubi Zipporah Appiah , Marfo Esther A. , Ananng Esther A. , Warburton Marilyn L.
Published: September 2021

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most important cereal crop in sub-Saharan Africa providing food for many of its inhabitants. However, production is hampered by low yields and aflatoxin contamination, among others. The toxin contaminates maize before harvest and during storage. Ghana lacks regulatory infrastructure for monitoring and detecting aflatoxin in grains prior to market, and most of the local maize varieties have been found to be susceptible to aflatoxin accumulation. Host resistance is envisaged as a key approach in addressing the aflatoxin menace. Thus, this study was conducted to identify new hybrids that combine high yield with resistance to aflatoxin accumulation as well as study the mode of gene controlling tolerance to aflatoxin accumulation. Sixteen aflatoxin resistant inbreds from exotic sources were crossed as males to 10 local germplasm in a North Carolina II design to generate 160 new hybrids. These were planted together with 9 checks using a 13 × 13 alpha lattice with three replications. The new hybrids were evaluated across six environments in two seasons. Five plants each per hybrid were inoculated with a local strain of Aspergillus flavus at a concentration of 9 × 107conidia/ml. Ninety-six out of the 169 crosses were analyzed statistically. Significant effect of environment and genotypes for all traits especially, for aflatoxin accumulation resistance and yield were observed. The general combining ability effect of males for all traits were found significant (P < 0.05) whereas that of the females were not significant for all traits. Inbreds with consistent significant negative GCA effect for aflatoxin reduction were identified (MP715, TZI8, MP719). Furthermore, the underlying genetic control for the aflatoxin accumulation resistance trait was found to be via both GCA and SCA effects. Heritability estimates were moderate, suggesting permissible transfer of traits during selection to create high yielding aflatoxin resistant hybrids for consumers.
Foliar Application of Nitrogen Affects Metabolism and Productivity of Soybean
Authors: Teixeira Walquíria F. , Fagan Evandro B. , Machado Antônio P. M. , Fortune Daniel , Moreira Fernando R.
Published: September 2021

Soybean is one of the world’s most economically important crops and several factors can affect the productivity of this culture. Among these factors is the supply of needed nitrogen, especially in the reproductive stage, as it acts in photosynthetic activity and in grain filling. In view of this, the objective of our work was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of nitrogen in different reproductive stages in soybean culture. Two sources of nitrogen were used: conventional urea and urea-formaldehyde/triazone, both applied in reproductive stages R2, R3, R4, or R5, as well as a control treatment without foliar application of nitrogen. Plants submitted to foliar application of urea-formaldehyde/triazone showed an increase in nitrogen metabolism (percentage of nitrogen derived from the atmosphere [Ndfa] and nitrate reductase activity [NR]), an increase in peroxidase (POD), and the consequent reduction in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in all stages of application of this treatment. When urea-formaldehyde/triazone was applied in R4, it resulted in a 7% increase in yield. The application of conventional urea in reproductive stages R4 and R5 increased nitrogen metabolism and resulted in an increase in yield by 4%. However, conventional urea reduced yield when applied in stages R2 and R3. The use of low doses of foliar nitrogen in stages R4 and R5, increased nitrogen metabolism in soybean plants. The timing of the application has a direct impact on the results with the slow-release nitrogen (urea formaldehyde /triazone) showing better results when applied in stage R4 and better results for conventional urea in R5.
Diallel Analysis for Area, Chlorophyll and Temperature of Flag Leaf in Bread Wheat under Well Watered and Drought Stress Conditions
Authors: Mohamed Naheif E. , Bedawy Ismail M. , Hefny Yasser A. M.
Published: September 2021

To study genetic analysis of some physiological traits of drought stress in wheat using diallel techniques, an experiment was performed on ten bread wheat genotypes as parents and their 45 F1 hybrids in a randomized complete block design with three replicates under well-watered and drought stress conditions at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Egypt during season of 2018/19. The results showed significant differences between the genotypes (G), Parents (P), F1 crosses, P vs. F1, GCA and SCA under well-watered and drought stress in the flag leaf area (FLA), flag leaf chlorophyll content (FLCC) and flag leaf temperature (FLT), except FLCC for F1 crosses exhibited insignificant differences. The significant differences were found in the interaction of SCA × Env., in all studied traits and GCA × Env., for FLT., indicating the involvement of both additive and dominance gene action in their inheritance. The most desirable heterotic effects were considered as the largest positive heterosis estimates for FLA and FLCC, and the lowest negative for FLT. The parent numbers P9, P8 and P3 were the best general combiner for FLA under normal irrigation and drought stress. While the parents P2, P7 and P9 were the best general combiner for FLCC, under normal irrigation and (P1, P2 and P3) under drought stress. Therefor the parents P1, P4 and P5 were the best general combiner for FLT under normal irrigation, also the P3, P4 and P5 were the best general combiner for FLT under drought stress conditions. Under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions as well as the combined data, the additive genetic components of variation (VA) in F1 ’s was much greater than dominance component (VD), as expressed by the (VA/VD) ratio which was more than unity for the FLA, and FLT under normal irrigation and their combined. This indicates that the additive gene effects in F1 crosses are more important than dominance and plays the major role in the inheritance of these studied traits.
Reproduction of Ooencyrtus submetallicus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and Trissolcus sp. aff. urichi (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) in Eggs of Nezara viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) of Different Ages
Authors: Faca Eduardo Carvalho , Pereira Fabrício Fagundes , Fernandes Winnie Cezario , Silva Ivana Fernandes da , Costa Valmir Antônio , Wengrat Ana Paula Gonçalves da Silva
Published: September 2021

The study of the interaction between parasitoid and host, especially the age of these organisms, is an important step towards the implementation of biological control programs. Therefore, we investigated the performance of Ooencyrtus submetallicus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and Trissolcus sp. aff. urichi (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) parasitizing eggs of Nezara viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), considering different ages of the parasitoids and the host. We performed four laboratory bioassays: two using females of O. submetallicus and Trissolcus sp. aff. urichi at 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, or 144 hours of age exposed to parasitism in N. viridula eggs (24 h) and two trials with N. viridula eggs at 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, or 144 hours exposed to the parasitism of O. submetallicus and Trissolcus sp. aff. urichi (24 h). We evaluated the percentage of parasitism and emergence, life cycle length, progeny, sex ratio, and the longevity of the parasitoids. The parasitism of O. submetallicus in N. viridula eggs was influenced by the age of the parasitoid, 120 hours being the minimum to obtain better parasitism. From this age on, there is interference in the longevity of the progeny. Trisolcus sp. aff. urichi, at all ages, parasitized N. viridula eggs relatively well, but with almost no emergence of the parasitized eggs. Females of O. submetallicus parasitized and developed in eggs of N. viridula of all ages. Females of Trissolcus sp. aff. urichi parasitized their host, but there was barely any emergence. These pieces of information regarding the breeding methodology contribute to the implementation of new protocols for the multiplication of these parasitoids in the laboratory, and later, their release in the field.
Acute sinusitis in daily clinical practice
Authors: Arcimowicz Magdalena
Published: September 2021

Understanding the appropriate use of diagnostics and treatment in acute rhinosinusitis is of immense importance
given the high prevalence of this disease in the general population. The ability to differentiate between the principal
phenotypes of acute sinusitis, namely acute viral infection (cold), acute post-viral sinusitis and acute bacterial
sinusitis, determines the future management and is fundamental to providing rational therapeutic recommendations
– especially as regards antibiotic treatment, which is very often overused in acute sinusitis even though bacterial phenotypes
only account for 0.5–2% of all cases of the disease. The latest therapeutic recommendations contained in the EPOS2020
position paper introduce a system based on integrated care pathways (ICPs), which comprise pharmacy-supported self-care and
e-health as the first level, followed by primary care as the second, with specialist care being reserved for patients who develop
a more severe course of the disease, have suspected complications or suffer from recurrent acute sinusitis. Management of
acute sinusitis is primarily based on symptomatic treatment modalities, with phytotherapeutic support, as well as on antiinflammatory
treatment, while antibiotic therapy is used in very specific and limited indications. Complications are relatively
rare in acute sinusitis and they are not considered to be associated with antibiotic intake. Considering the high prevalence
of acute forms of sinusitis, their significant impact on quality of life and high direct and indirect costs of treatment, the right
diagnosis and management, without unnecessary escalation of therapy, can substantially translate into a number of public
health benefits.
DEMOGRAPHIC PROSPECTS IN POLAND — DIAGNOSIS BASED ON SELECTED INDICATORS DETERMINING THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF POLES
Authors: Stefański Marek
Published: September 2021

Demographic problems, including ageing of the Polish population, appear to be the challenge of the 21st century. This issue does not concern Poland exclusively, but rather involves the whole European Union. That is why it is necessary to undertake research in order to provide diagnoses, analyse the results and develop prospects needed to solve this matter. Shaping the safety of the elderly is a duty of authorities, local government entities and non-governmental organisations.
ORGANISED CRIME IN POLAND — STATISTICAL PICTURE BASED ON REPORTS OF THE CENTRAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION OF THE POLICE SELECTED ASPECTS
Authors: PONIATOWSKI PIOTR
Published: September 2021

This article describes selected aspects of combating organised crime in Poland on the basis of reports of the Central Bureau of Investigation of the Police as a service carrying out tasks on the territory of the whole country in the fi eld of investigating, preventing and combating organised crime. The author refers to four issues: 1) the number and nature of the investigated criminal groups, 2) the number of members and leaders of the investigated criminal groups, 3) the investigation (elimination or destabilisation) of criminal groups, 4) criminal terror. This article aims to outline a statistical picture of organised crime in Poland. In particular, it attempts to capture any trends that characterise this type of crime. Appropriate recognition of the phenomenon may be very helpful in deciding on the directions of activities within the framework of preventing and combating organised crime
Making Collection Management Manageable: A Three-Phase Approach to an Annual
Subscription Review
Authors: Pearson Hannah
Published: September 2021

Annual subscription reviews are a normal part of many libraries’ operations, but
this process is time consuming and can be particularly challenging for institutions with
small e-resources staffs. The approach pursued by the Michael Schwartz Library at
Cleveland State University includes strategies other libraries may find helpful in
moving beyond cost per use in their reviews. In early fiscal year 2019, the Michael
Schwartz Library identified a need to systematically review all subscriptions annually.
The library operates with a flat budget and cancellations are often required to manage
inflation. Previously, subscription reviews were in response to immediate needs (e.g.
budget cuts, changes in consortium offerings, etc.). Largely due to staffing and time
constraints, examining the entire corpus of subscriptions was outside of the scope of
past reviews. A new subscription review process was developed to prepare the library to
make data-driven decisions regarding cancellations for the next fiscal year. The
methodology developed for the new subscription review consisted of three phases with
each phase narrowing the number of resources considered for cancellation. The first
phase was an evaluation of resource performance from an acquisitions perspective and
incorporated cost per use and annual price increases. In the next phase, subject
librarians evaluated resources in their respective disciplines based on several criteria
and were required to rank resources in order of retention priority. In the final phase,
faculty were surveyed on content quality, frequency of use in instruction, and other
criteria for those resources deemed “cancellation eligible.”
When you don’t know what you don’t know: How two new collections librarians
right-sized a collections budget
Authors: Cadena Cara M. , Lee Marcia
Published: September 2021

Due to impending campus-wide downsizing, the Grand Valley State University (GVSU)
Libraries projected that a worst-case scenario would result in a 14% cut to the
library’s collections budget for fiscal year 2020. In the same year, GVSU Libraries
welcomed several new members of its leadership team, including the dean, two associate
deans, head of systems, head of collections, business administrator, and a vacancy after
the long-time acquisitions manager retired. Budget cuts and staff turnover are tough,
but they prompted a much-needed reassessment of roles, culture, and priorities in the
library. Different approaches to spending and curating the library’s collections were
vital to counteract the budgetary challenges. Cara Cadena, the new head of collections,
was charged with building a task force to recommend cancellations and a plan to
communicate these changes across campus. Decisions were made based on feedback gathered
from teaching faculty, liaison librarians, campus stakeholders, and usage data.
Ultimately, the communication plan proved to be the most critical--and challenging--part
of the process. In this session, Cara and Marcia will discuss successes, missteps,
results, the importance of vendor relationships, and future plans for collection
management at GVSU. Attendees will gain insights into leveraging stakeholder buy-in and
grasping opportunities amidst constant change (and decreased funding) in order to evolve
effectively. They’ll also learn how GVSU Libraries are reimagining the role of the
collections team.
Wrangling Weirdness: Lessons Learned from Academic Law Library Collections
Authors: McAllister Courtney , Brown Megan
Published: September 2021

Academic law libraries face some challenges that are consistent with larger trends
in higher education. However, there are unique aspects that shape the way collections
are selected, evaluated, managed, and promoted. Most electronic resources designed for
legal research do not generate COUNTER compliant usage data. Many subscription resources
and services that libraries provide access to are primarily geared towards non-academic
customers, such as law firms and corporations. Patrons increasingly need and request
research products that rely on data collection, personalization, and non-IP access
controls, which complicates law librarians’ professional commitment to things like
preserving patron privacy and providing walk-in access. Law library technical services
departments are perpetually negotiating these and other challenges to ensure the needs
of law faculty and students are met as seamlessly as possible. Some of these methods and
strategies might be applicable to other types of libraries navigating unfamiliar
issues.