bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
7,8-Dihydroxyflavone is a direct inhibitor of pyridoxal phosphatase
Authors: Brenner Marian , Zink Christoph , Witzinger Linda , Keller Angelika , Hadamek Kerstin , Bothe Sebastian , Neuenschwander Martin , Villmann Carmen , von Kries Jens Peter , Schindelin Hermann , Jeanclos Elisabeth , Gohla Antje
Published: May 2024

Vitamin B6 deficiency has been linked to cognitive impairment in human brain disorders for decades. Still, the molecular mechanisms linking vitamin B6 to these pathologies remain poorly understood, and whether vitamin B6 supplementation improves cognition is unclear as well. Pyridoxal phosphatase (PDXP), an enzyme that controls levels of pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP), the co-enzymatically active form of vitamin B6, may represent an alternative therapeutic entry point into vitamin B6-associated pathologies. However, pharmacological PDXP inhibitors to test this concept are lacking. We now identify a PDXP and age-dependent decline of PLP levels in the murine hippocampus that provides a rationale for the development of PDXP inhibitors. Using a combination of small molecule screening, protein crystallography and biolayer interferometry, we discover, visualize and analyze 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) as a direct and potent PDXP inhibitor. 7,8-DHF binds and reversibly inhibits PDXP with low micromolar affinity and sub-micromolar potency. In mouse hippocampal neurons, 7,8-DHF increases PLP in a PDXP-dependent manner. These findings validate PDXP as a druggable target. Of note, 7,8-DHF is a well-studied molecule in brain disorder models, although its mechanism of action is actively debated. Our discovery of 7,8-DHF as a PDXP inhibitor offers novel mechanistic insights into the controversy surrounding 7,8-DHF-mediated effects in the brain.
Sensitivity to vocal emotions emerges in newborns at 37 weeks gestational age
Authors: Hou Xinlin , Zhang Peng , Mo Licheng , Peng Cheng , Zhang Dandan
Published: May 2024

Emotional responsiveness in neonates, particularly their ability to discern vocal emotions, plays an evolutionarily adaptive role in human communication and adaptive behaviors. The developmental trajectory of emotional sensitivity in neonates is crucial for understanding the foundations of early social-emotional functioning. However, the precise onset of this sensitivity and its relationship with gestational age (GA) remain subjects of investigation. In a study involving 120 healthy neonates categorized into six groups based on their GA (ranging from 35 and 40 weeks), we explored their emotional responses to vocal stimuli. These stimuli encompassed disyllables with happy and neutral prosodies, alongside acoustically matched nonvocal control sounds. The assessments occurred during natural sleep states using the odd-ball paradigm and event-related potentials. The results reveal a distinct developmental change at 37 weeks GA, marking the point at which neonates exhibit heightened perceptual acuity for emotional vocal expressions. This newfound ability is substantiated by the presence of the mismatch response, akin to an initial form of adult mismatch negativity, elicited in response to positive emotional vocal prosody. Notably, this perceptual shift’s specificity becomes evident when no such discrimination is observed in acoustically matched control sounds. Neonates born before 37 weeks GA do not display this level of discrimination ability. This developmental change has important implications for our understanding of early social-emotional development, highlighting the role of gestational age in shaping early perceptual abilities. Moreover, while these findings introduce the potential for a valuable screening tool for conditions like autism, characterized by atypical social-emotional functions, it is important to note that the current data are not yet robust enough to fully support this application. This study makes a substantial contribution to the broader field of developmental neuroscience and holds promise for future research on early intervention in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Transcription Factor Condensates Mediate Clustering of MET Regulon and Enhancement in Gene Expression
Authors: Lee James , Simpson Leman , Li Yi , Becker Samuel , Zou Fan , Zhang Xin , Bai Lu
Published: May 2024

Some transcription factors (TFs) can form liquid-liquid phase separated (LLPS) condensates. However, the functions of these TF condensates in 3D genome organization and gene regulation remain elusive. In response to methionine (met) starvation, budding yeast TF Met4 and a few co-activators, including Met32, induce a set of genes involved in met biosynthesis. Here, we show that the endogenous Met4 and Met32 form co-localized puncta-like structures in yeast nuclei upon met depletion. Recombinant Met4 and Met32 form mixed droplets with LLPS properties
in vitro
. In relation to chromatin, Met4 puncta co-localize with target genes, and at least a subset of these target genes are clustered in 3D in a Met4-dependent manner. A
MET3pr
-GFP reporter inserted near several native Met4 binding sites becomes co-localized with Met4 puncta and displays enhanced transcriptional activity. A Met4 variant with a partial truncation of an intrinsically disordered region (IDR) shows less puncta formation, and this mutant selectively reduces the reporter activity near Met4 binding sites to the basal level. Overall, these results support a model where Met4 and co-activators form condensates to bring multiple target genes into a vicinity with higher local TF concentrations, which facilitates a strong response to methionine depletion.
Structural features of heteromeric channels composed of CALHM2 and CALHM4 paralogs
Authors: Drożdżyk Katarzyna , Peter Martina , Dutzler Raimund
Published: May 2024

The CALHM proteins constitute a family of large pore channels that contains six closely related paralogs in human. Two family members, CALHM1 and 3, have been associated with the release of ATP during taste sensation. Both proteins form heteromeric channels that activate at positive potential and decreased extracellular Ca
2+
concentration. Although the structures of several family members displayed large oligomeric organizations of different size, their function has in most cases remained elusive. Our previous study has identified the paralogs CALHM2, 4 and 6 to be highly expressed in the placenta and defined their structural properties as membrane proteins exhibiting features of large pore channels with unknown activation properties (Drozdzyk et al., 2020). Here we investigated whether these placental paralogs would form heteromers and characterized heteromeric complexes consisting of CALHM2 and CALHM4 subunits using specific binders as fiducial markers. Both proteins assemble with different stoichiometries with the largest population containing CALHM2 as predominant component. In these oligomers, the subunits segregate and reside in their preferred conformation found in homomeric channels. Our study has thus revealed the properties that govern the formation of CALHM heteromers in a process of potential relevance in a cellular context.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Clonal Hematopoiesis and Mosaic Loss of Y Chromosome in Cardiovascular Risk: A Thorough Analysis in prospective studies
Authors: Fawaz S , Marti S , Dufossée M , Pucheu Y , Gaufroy A , Broitman J , Bidet A , Soumaré A , Munsch G , Tzourio C , Debette S , Trégouët DA , James C , Mansier O , Couffinhal T
Published: May 2024

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) was initially linked to a twofold increase in atherothrombotic events. However, recent investigations have revealed a more nuanced picture, suggesting that CHIP may confer only a modest rise in Myocardial Infarction (MI) risk. This observed lower risk might be influenced by yet unidentified factors that modulate the pathological effects of CHIP. Mosaic loss of Y chromosome (mLOY), a common marker of clonal hematopoiesis in men, has emerged as a potential candidate for modulating cardiovascular risk associated with CHIP. In this comprehensive study, we aimed to ascertain the precise risk linked to each somatic mutation or mLOY and explore whether mLOY could exert an influence on the cardiovascular risk associated with CHIP.We conducted a meticulous examination for the presence of CHIP and mLOY using targeted high-throughput sequencing and digital PCR in a cohort of 446 individuals. Among them, 149 patients from the CHAth study had experienced a first myocardial infarction (MI) at the time of inclusion (MI(+) subjects), while 297 individuals from the 3-city cohort had no history of cardiovascular events (CVE) at the time of inclusion (MI(-) subjects). All subjects underwent thorough cardiovascular phenotyping, including a direct assessment of atherosclerotic burden. Our investigation aimed to determine whether mLOY could modulate inflammation, atherosclerosis burden, and atherothrombotic risk associated with CHIP.CHIP and mLOY were detected with a substantial prevalence (45.1% and 37.7%, respectively), and their occurrence was similar between MI(+) and MI(-) subjects. Notably, nearly 40% of CHIP(+) male subjects also exhibited mLOY. Interestingly, neither CHIP nor mLOY independently resulted in significant increases in plasma hsCRP levels, atherosclerotic burden, or MI incidence. Moreover, mLOY did not amplify or diminish inflammation, atherosclerosis, or MI incidence among CHIP(+) male subjects. Conversely, inMI(-) male subjects, CHIP heightened the risk of MI over a five-year period, particularly in those lacking mLOY.Our study highlights the high prevalence of CHIP and mLOY in elderly individuals. Importantly, our results demonstrate that neither CHIP nor mLOY in isolation substantially contribute to inflammation, atherosclerosis, or MI incidence. Furthermore, we find that mLOY does not exert a significant influence on the modulation of inflammation, atherosclerosis burden, or atherothrombotic risk associated with CHIP. However, CHIP may accelerate the occurrence of MI, especially when unaccompanied by mLOY. These findings underscore the complexity of the interplay between CHIP, mLOY, and cardiovascular risk, suggesting that large-scale studies with thousands more patients may be necessary to elucidate subtle correlations.
The PRC2.1 subcomplex opposes G1 progression through regulation of CCND1 and CCND2
Authors: Longhurst Adam D , Wang Kyle , Suresh Harsha Garadi , Ketavarapu Mythili , Ward Henry N , Jones Ian R , Narayan Vivek , Hundley Frances V , Hassan Arshia Zernab , Boone Charles , Myers Chad L , Shen Yin , Ramani Vijay , Andrews Brenda J , Toczyski David P
Published: May 2024

Progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle is the most highly regulated step in cellular division. We employed a chemogenetic approach to discover novel cellular networks that regulate cell cycle progression. This approach uncovered functional clusters of genes that altered sensitivity of cells to inhibitors of the G1/S transition. Mutation of components of the Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 rescued proliferation inhibition caused by the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib, but not to inhibitors of S phase or mitosis. In addition to its core catalytic subunits, mutation of the PRC2.1 accessory protein MTF2, but not the PRC2.2 protein JARID2, rendered cells resistant to palbociclib treatment. We found that PRC2.1 (MTF2), but not PRC2.2 (JARID2), was critical for promoting H3K27me3 deposition at CpG islands genome-wide and in promoters. This included the CpG islands in the promoter of the CDK4/6 cyclins CCND1 and CCND2, and loss of MTF2 lead to upregulation of both CCND1 and CCND2. Our results demonstrate a role for PRC2.1, but not PRC2.2, in antagonizing G1 progression in a diversity of cell linages, including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), breast cancer, and immortalized cell lines.
Clinico-epidemiological Characteristics and Risk Factors Associated with Multidrug- resistant Bacterial Ear Infections at a Tertiary Care Centre in Northern India: A Retrospective Analytical Study
Authors: Kar Mitra , Dubey Akanksha , Sengar Shailesh , Sahu Chinmoy
Published: May 2024

Introduction: A total of 360 million people worldwide have been reported to suffer from hearing loss. The most common cause of ear infection is otitis media, which can be attributed to bacterial pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Aim: To identify the incidence and risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant bacteria causing ear infections at a tertiary care centre in India. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analytical study was conducted in the Bacteriology section of the Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, from January 2021 to January 2023, and analysed in February 2023. A total of 83 ear discharge samples sent to the laboratory were included in the duration of the study and all clinical and laboratory data were extracted from the hospital information system and the laboratory register, respectively. All pathogens were identified using routine biochemicals and Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/ Ionisation- Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) assay, and their antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion method. Statistical analysis was performed using International Business Machines (IBM) Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0 (SPSS Inc.). The Chi-square test was used for all categorical variables, and the comparison of two means was performed using GraphPad Prism version 9.5.1 (GraphPad Software Inc.), with p-value<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the participants in the present study was 35.39±20.93 years and majority, 56 (67.47%) participants were males. Among total 83 samples, 69 (83.13%) patients with suppurative bacterial ear infections. Postoperative conditions in 40 (48.19%) samples and respiratory allergies in 36 (43.37%) samples were the most common risk factors associated with ear infections. Postoperative conditions (p-value=0.005) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) (p-value=0.026) were statistically significant risk factors for developing ear infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was recognised as the most common pathogen in 22 acute cases and 10 chronic cases of otitis media. For all the antimicrobial agents tested, the highest resistance was observed towards fluoroquinolones in 51/67 (76.11%) samples, followed by extended-spectrum beta- lactams in 43/67 (64.18%) samples. Conclusion: The current study describes the incidence and risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant ear infections, the spectrum of pathogenic microbial isolates and their drug susceptibility, aiming to prevent morbidity and complications leading to the loss of auditory function.
AVALIAÇÃO DESCRITIVA E LETRAMENTO MATEMÁTICO: UMA PROPOSTA DE INTERVENÇÃO PEDAGÓGICA
Authors: Vargas Patricia Vasconcelos de , Cunha Fernando Icaro Jorge , Dinardi Ailton Jesus
Published: May 2024

Um ensino voltado para o letramento matemático depende de uma mudança no processo avaliativo, pois de uma maneira geral as práticas pedagógicas em matemática priorizam a linguagem numérica, da mesma forma, a avaliação se restringe ao resultado final, do certo ou errado, sem considerar a trajetória realizada no processo. Diante deste cenário, essa proposta teve como objetivo principal analisar as contribuições de uma prática de avaliação descritiva no desenvolvimento do letramento matemático em estudantes de uma turma do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Este estudo apresenta uma abordagem qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, implementada por meio de uma intervenção. A referida proposta de intervenção apresenta alguns pressupostos da teoria Histórico-Cultural de Vygotsky. Os instrumentos utilizados na coleta de dados envolveram um questionário e documentos que continham a produção escrita dos estudantes: diário matemático, avaliações, autoavaliações, bem como os resultados da roda de conversa no   grupo focal. Os dados coletados foram analisados e interpretados através da análise textual discursiva. De acordo com o resultado das análises, é possível inferir que a avaliação processual, dialógica e descritiva, pensada e desenvolvida neste estudo, contribuiu no acompanhamento da trajetória dos estudantes e na promoção de aprendizagens fundamentais para essa etapa de ensino.
MAPEAMENTO DE TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES SOBRE ENSINO DE FÍSICA ENVOLVENDO ESTUDANTES DIAGNOSTICADOS COM TEA
Authors: Landim Vilela Jean Louis , Teixeira de Araújo Mauro Sérgio
Published: May 2024

Constata-se uma crescente preocupação com o desenvolvimento cognitivo, a aprendizagem e a interação social nos ambientes escolares do país dos discentes que manifestam algum tipo de deficiência, particularmente aqueles que apresentam o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar as pesquisas acadêmicas realizadas na última década no Brasil, identificando suas contribuições formativas para estudantes com TEA no âmbito do Ensino de Física. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de um mapeamento baseado no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Como resultado constatou-se que são poucos os trabalhos desenvolvidos, os quais enfatizam apenas conteúdo da Física Clássica, sendo as pesquisas realizadas em cursos de Mestrado, não havendo trabalhos de Doutorado. Foi identificada uma diversidade de recursos e metodologias empregadas, tendo como objetivo principal facilitar a aprendizagem de conceitos da Física.
College Students Returning Hometown to Start a New Business for Rural Revitalization from the Perspective of Family
Authors: Yen Tsaifa TF , Xie Pinqiu , Li Peng , Li Panpan
Published: May 2024

Entrepreneurship education is conducive to the development of entrepreneurial activities, such as the introduction of entrepreneurial activities into the countryside, more conducive to rural revitalization. However, few studies have explored the issue of college students returning hometown to start businesses from the perspective of family, and there is still a gap in the theory of entrepreneurship and rural revitalization. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore their views on college students returning hometown to start their own business based on the family view. The top application-oriented university in Guizhou Province, China, was taken as the research object, and interviews 13 families to obtain the data needed for analysis. The analysis results show that about 70% of families’ support college students returning hometown to start businesses; Moreover, these supporters may be motivated by self-interest, hoping to have children to rely on when they are old. Secondly, families do not support their children to return hometown to start businesses, mainly because of the funding, policies and environment, which are basically consistent with the existing research. Whether college students can return hometown to start businesses successfully and whether rural revitalization can be enabled, a very important factor is the cultivation of college students' entrepreneurial spirit and the family's recognition of this entrepreneurial spirit. Finally, this study suggests that the party and government departments should strengthen policy support, strengthen publicity, and encourage college students with entrepreneurial ideas and relevant basic conditions to return hometown to start businesses. Higher educations should strengthen the integration of entrepreneurship courses and rural revitalization, and strengthen the connotation construction of entrepreneurship education and its contribution to rural revitalization.
Influence of Sulphur and Micronutrients on growth and yield of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Mahala Gograj , Kumar Prateek , Mehera Biswarup , Gujar Kailash Singh
Published: May 2024

A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2023-2024 at Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences SHUATS, Prayagraj on effect of sulphur and micronutrient on growth and yield of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) with ten treatments combination such as Sulphur 10ppm + Mg 30 kg/ha, Sulphur 10ppm + B 5 kg/ha, Sulphur 10ppm + Ca 5 kg/ha, Sulphur 15ppm + Mg 30 kg/ha, Sulphur 15ppm + B 5 kg/ha, Sulphur 15ppm + Ca 5 kg/ha, Sulphur 20ppm + Mg 30 kg/ha, Sulphur 20ppm + B 5 kg/ha, Sulphur 20ppm + Ca 5 kg/ha and Control (RDF) 80:40:40 kg/ha (NPK)in randomized block design with three replications. Application of Sulphur 20ppm + B 5 kg/ha (Treatment 8) recorded maximum plant height (214.20), dry weight (g) per plant (31.61), Seed yield (t/ ha) (2.69) and stover yield (t/ha) (4.33).
The First Highly Enantioselective Lewis Base Organocatalyzed Hydrosilylation of α‐Imino Esters
Authors: Xue Zhou‐Yang , Jiang Yan , Yuan Wei‐Cheng , Zhang Xiao‐Mei
Published: December 2009

Novel, chiral Lewis base organocatalysts, which displayed poor enantioselection in the hydrosilylation of N‐aryl β‐enamino esters, were found to be the catalysts of choice in the hydrosilylation of α‐imino esters. In the presence of 10 mol‐% of the best catalyst, various α‐imino esters underwent enantioselective hydrosilylation to provide a wide range of chiral α‐amino esters with good yields (up to 97 %) and high enantioselectivities (up to 93 % ee) except for some special substrates.
Exact and performance‐guaranteed multicast algorithms for lifetime optimization in WANETs
Authors: Guo Song , Leung Victor
Published: December 2009

We consider the problem of maximizing the lifetime of a given multicast connection in wireless networks that use directional antennas and have limited energy resources. We provide a globally optimal solution to this problem by developing a general MILP formulation that can apply to many directional antenna models, some of which are not supported by the existing formulations. We also investigate the theoretical performance of a well‐known heuristic algorithm for this optimization problem in terms of its approximation ratio. We use a graph theoretic approach, for the first time, to derive an upper bound on its approximation ratio in an analytical expression and discover that it is a constant‐factor approximation algorithm. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2010
A Chaotic Clonal Selection Algorithm and its Application to Synthesize Multiple‐Valued Logic Functions
Authors: Gao Shangce , Cao Qiping , Zhang Zhiqiang , Tang Zheng
Published: December 2009

In this paper, a chaotic clonal selection algorithm (CCSA) is proposed to synthesize multiple‐valued logic (MVL) functions. The MVL function is realized in a multiple‐valued sum‐of‐products expression where product is indicated by MIN and sum by TSUM. The proposed CCSA, in which chaos is incorporated into the clonal selection algorithm to initialize antibodies and maintain the population diversity, is utilized to learn a given target MVL truth table. Furthermore, an adaptive length strategy of antibodies is also introduced to reduce the computational complexity, whereas an improved affinity function enables the algorithm to find less product terms for an MVL function. Simulation results based on a large number of MVL functions demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method when compared with other traditional methodologies. Copyright © 2010 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Court Reporting in Australia
Authors: Gregory Peter
Published: December 2009

Court Reporting in Australia, first published in 2005, uses the experience of reporters and subeditors to present a practical view of reporting on the legal system. Peter Gregory avoids the rigid fashion in which media law matters are usually described and, while he covers such vital areas as defamation and contempt, he focuses on the experiences and lessons to be learned from court reporters on the job. He highlights the problems and common mistakes likely to land journalists and media organisations in trouble. It features information and realistic advice from court reporters working for metropolitan media outlets as well as revealing how they perform their daily tasks; for example, preparing television news reports when no pictures and no story are available. Practical and useful as well as theoretical: no one who reports on legal matters can afford to be without this book.
Literature and Utopian Politics in Seventeenth-Century England
Authors: Appelbaum Robert
Published: December 2009

Hundreds of writers in the English-speaking world of the seventeenth-century imagined alternative ideal societies. Sometimes they did so by exploring fanciful territories, such as the world in the moon or the nations of the Antipodes; but sometimes they composed serious disquisitions about the here and now, proposing how England or its nascent colonies could be conceived of as an 'Oceana,' or a New Jerusalem. First published in 2002, this book provides a comprehensive view of the operations of the utopian imagination in literature from 1603 to the 1660s. Appealing to social theorists, literary critics, and political and cultural historians, this volume revises prevailing notions of the languages of hope and social dreaming in the making of British modernity during a century of political and intellectual upheaval.
Race, Nationalism and the State in British and American Modernism
Authors: Chu Patricia E.
Published: December 2009

Twentieth-century authors were profoundly influenced by changes in the way nations and states governed their citizens. The development of state administrative technologies allowed Western states to identify, track and regulate their populations in unprecedented ways. Patricia E. Chu argues that innovations of form and style developed by Anglo-American modernist writers chart anxieties about personal freedom in the face of increasing governmental controls. Chu examines a diverse set of texts and films, including works by T. S. Eliot, Katherine Mansfield, Zora Neale Hurston and others, to explore how modernists perceived their work and their identities in relation to state power. Additionally, she sheds light on modernists' ideas about race, colonialism and the postcolonial, as race came increasingly to be seen as a political and governmental construct. This book offers a powerful critique of key themes for scholars of modernism, American literature and twentieth-century literature.
The American Puritan Elegy
Authors: Hammond Jeffrey A.
Published: December 2009

Jeffrey Hammond's study takes an anthropological approach to the most popular form of poetry in early New England - the funeral elegy. Hammond reconstructs the historical, theological and cultural contexts of these poems to demonstrate how they responded to a specific process of mourning defined by Puritan views on death and grief. The elegies emerge, he argues not as 'poems' to be read and appreciated in a post-romantic sense, but as performative scripts that consoled readers by shaping their experience of loss in accordance with theological expectation. Read in the framework of their own time and place, the elegies shed light on the emotional dimension of Puritanism and the important role of ritual in Puritan culture. Hammond's book reassesses a body of poems whose importance on their own time has been obscured by almost total neglect in ours. It represents the first full-length study of its kind in English.
Michel Leiris
Authors: Hand Seán
Published: December 2009

This is the first full-length study in English of Michel Leiris's work. Frequently cited as a central figure in contemporary French culture, Leiris was an outstanding writer whose double career as ethnographer and creative writer places him at important points of intersection within French cultural history. Seán Hand explores Leiris's active participation in some of the most striking intellectual and artistic movements of the twentieth century: surrealism in the twenties, ethnography in the thirties and existentialism in the forties. Hand locates his writing in these different contexts in relation to the major artistic, political and philosophical concepts of the period. He goes on to argue that Leiris's multi-volume autobiography La Règle du jeu stands as the model form of self-enquiry in the twentieth century. More broadly, Hand explores Leiris's continuing obsession with the notion of 'presence'. Informed by recent critical theories, Hand offers a multi disciplinary approach to this intriguing writer.
Reading the French Enlightenment
Authors: Hayes Julie Candler
Published: December 2009

In this 1999 book, Julie Candler Hayes offers an ambitious reinterpretation of a crucial aspect of Enlightenment thought, the rationalizing and classifying impulse. Taking issue both with traditional liberal and contemporary critical accounts of the Enlightenment, she analyses the writings of Denis Diderot, Emilie Du Châtelet, the Abbé de Condillac, Buffon, d'Alembert and numerous others, to argue for a new understanding of 'systematic reason' as complex, paradoxical and ultimately liberating. Hayes examines the tensions between freedom and constraint, abstraction and materialism, linear and synoptic order, that pervade not only philosophic and scientific discourse, but also epistolary writing, fiction and criticism. Drawing on the insights of a wide range of theorists from Adorno, Habermas and Foucault to Deleuze and Derrida, she offers a dialogue between the eighteenth century and our own, an ongoing exploration of the question, 'what is Enlightenment?'.
Audio-visual Coverage of Courts
Authors: Stepniak Daniel
Published: December 2009

Researched over a period of 15 years by an author who has personally participated in the debate internationally, Audio-Visual Coverage of Courts was the first book to undertake a comprehensive comparative study of televised court proceedings in Great Britain, the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Exhaustive in his identification and analysis of relevant law and key developments, Daniel Stepniak draws on hitherto unpublished primary sources to undertake a largely unprecedented examination of the experiences of non-US courts. Through analysis of the regulation of audio-visual reporting, the author outlines a theoretical framework and proven action plan for the attainment of the potential benefits of audio-visual coverage, arguing that technological advances, acknowledgement of legally enforceable rights and, above all, judicial recognition of courts' vested interest in facilitating coverage in order to promote greater public access and understanding of judicial proceedings, have led audio-visual coverage to be increasingly perceived as desirable.
Possession of Land
Authors: Wonnacott Mark
Published: December 2009

Nothing is more important in English land law than 'possession'. It is the foundation of all title, rights and remedies. But what exactly is it, and why does it still matter? This book, first published in 2006, is about the meaning, significance and practical effect of the concept of possession in contemporary land law. It explains the different meanings of possession, the relationship between possession and title, and the ways in which the common law and equity do, and do not, protect possession. The rights and remedies of freeholders, tenants and mortgage lenders, between themselves and against third parties, are all to some extent dependent on questions of status and possession. This book shows how. It is designed to provide an understanding of the basic principles for the student, and answers to difficult, real problems for the practitioner.
Uneasy Virtue
Authors: Driver Julia
Published: December 2009

The predominant view of moral virtue can be traced back to Aristotle. He believed that moral virtue must involve intellectual excellence. To have moral virtue one must have practical wisdom - the ability to deliberate well and to see what is morally relevant in a given context. Julia Driver challenges this classical theory of virtue, arguing that it fails to take into account virtues which do seem to involve ignorance or epistemic defect. Some 'virtues of ignorance' are counterexamples to accounts of virtue which hold that moral virtue must involve practical wisdom. Modesty, for example, is generally considered to be a virtue even though the modest person may be making an inaccurate assessment of his or her accomplishments. Driver argues that we should abandon the highly intellectualist view of virtue and instead adopt a consequentialist perspective which holds that virtue is simply a character trait which systematically produces good consequences.
Memory and Tradition in the Book of Numbers
Authors: Leveen Adriane
Published: December 2009

In Memory and Tradition in the Book of Numbers, Adriane Leveen offers a rereading of the fourth book of Moses. Leveen examines how the editors of Numbers created a narrative of the forty-year journey through the wilderness to control understanding of the past and influence attitudes in the future. The book explores politics, collective memory and the strategies used by its priestly editors to convince the children of Israel to accept priestly rule. Leveen considers the dynamics of the transmission of tradition, memory and values in an atmosphere of crisis as a generation witnessed its parents die in the wilderness yet chose to live in the promised land in fulfilment of God's vision.
The Virgin Mary, Monotheism and Sacrifice
Authors: Kearns Cleo McNelly
Published: December 2009

The Virgin Mary plays a major - although often paradoxical - role in the incarnation and crucifixion and in the ecclesiastical structure of Christianity. This role is shaped by sacrifice as understood in terms of the religious patrimony of ancient Israel and as refigured in the new Christian and Islamic paradigms arising from it. Here the offering up of a son is a frequently occurring motif, one in which fathers and mothers play an emotionally fraught, anthropologically conditioned and theologically significant role. Like such figures as Abraham and Sarah in the Hebrew Bible, Mary's relationship to sacrifice has profound implications not only for Christian theology, but for later developments in monotheism, including the role of women and gender in creating and sustaining religious identities, the emergence of competing definitions of orthodoxy, and the institution in some traditions of a masculine priesthood and religious hierarchy.
Toward a Theory of Human Rights
Authors: Perry Michael J.
Published: December 2009

Neither the morality of human rights nor its relation to the law of human rights is well understood. In this book, Michael Perry addresses three large issues. There is undeniably a religious ground - indeed, more than one religious ground - for the morality of human rights. But is there a secular ground for the morality of human rights? What is the relation between the morality of human rights and the law of human rights? Perry here addresses the controversial issues of capital punishment, abortion, and same-sex unions. What is the proper role of courts, in a liberal democracy, in protecting - and therefore in interpreting - constitutionally entrenched human rights? In considering this question, special attention is paid to the Supreme Court and how it should rule on issues such as capital punishment and abortion. Toward a Theory of Human Rights makes a significant contribution both to human rights studies and to constitutional theory.
Aesthetics and the Art of Musical Composition in the German Enlightenment
Authors: Koch Heinrich Christoph , Sulzer Johann Georg
Published: December 2009

Can an abstract theory of Empfindsamkeit aesthetics have any value to a musician wishing to study composition in the classical style? The eighteenth-century German theorist and pedagogue Heinrich Koch showed how this question could be answered with a resounding yes. Starting with the systematic aesthetic theory of the Swiss encyclopedist Johann Sulzer, Koch was creatively able to adapt Sulzer's conservative ideas on ethical mimesis and rhetoric to concrete problems of music analysis and composition. In this collaborative study, Thomas Christensen and Nancy Baker have translated and analysed selected writings of Sulzer and Koch respectively, bringing to life a little-known confluence of philosophical and musical thought from the German Enlightenment. Koch's appropriation of Sulzer's ideas to the service of music represents an important development in the evolution of Western musical thought.
An Essay on King Lear
Authors: Goldberg S. L.
Published: December 2009

Professor Goldberg offers a reading of King Lear that avoids the pitfall alternatives of idealism, moralism, absurdism, and redemptionist sentimentality. He sees the play as a challenge to our moral sense and our need for a feeling of natural justice, but as undercutting all easy answers. That it does not permit them is one of its main points. The essay traces a developing response to the whole of the action as it proceeds, making no premature judgments. It springs from a considered sense of what a poetic drama is and how it works: especially how it presents 'character' and how the views of the characters relate to the whole intention of the play and the author's own vision of life. Many readers are likely to think this the most satisfactory attempt they have yet read to do justice to this great play; because Professor Goldberg responds to it with intelligence and sensitivity, because he does not impose a ready-made meaning on it, and because he has thought about Shakespearean drama in a way which makes this brief book a distinct stage in the history of criticism since Bradley and Wilson Knight.
Modernist Quartet
Authors: Lentricchia Frank
Published: December 2009

Modernist Quartet is a study of the four major American modernist poets (Frost, Stevens, Pound, Eliot) in various historical environments (literary, philosophical, gender relations, the business of capitalist economics) with special attention given to their central poetic texts as they both reflect and shape our understanding of those environments. Frank Lentricchia presents the poems as stories, sometimes only implicit, of the poets seeking to sustain a life in non-commercial writing, in a culture that is hospitable only (for the most part) to commercial art. Central chapters give a synoptic vision of the lives and literary careers of the four poets in question.
The Raising of Predicates
Authors: Moro Andrea
Published: December 2009

One of the basic premises of the theory of syntax is that clause structures can be minimally identified as containing a verb phrase, playing the role of predicate, and a noun phrase, playing the role of subject. In this study Andrea Moro identifies a new category of copular sentences, namely inverse copular sentences, where the noun phrase which co-occurs with the verb phrase plays the role of predicate, occupying the position which is canonically reserved for subjects, and the subject is embedded in the verb phrase. The consequences of such a discovery are pervasive. Four distinct areas of syntax are unified into a unique natural class. Along with inverse copular sentences, existential sentences, sentences with seem and unaccusative constructions are analysed as involving the raising of a predicative noun phrase to the most prominent position in the clause structure. In addition, new light is shed on some classical issues such as the distribution and nature of expletives, locality theory, cliticization phenomena, possessive constructions, and the cross-linguistic variations of the Definiteness Effect.
Democratic Ideas and the British Labour Movement, 1880–1914
Authors: Barrow Logie , Bullock Ian
Published: December 2009

This is the first detailed survey of democratic ideas on the British Left in the period leading to 1914. Socialists of the late nineteenth century inherited assumptions about the priority of democracy from a long tradition of British Radicalism. However, the advent of the Fabians, who rejected this tradition as primitive, and of an ILP leadership more concerned to enter than reform parliament, meant that the movement was split between 'strong' and 'weak' views of democracy. By the eve of the First World War a consensus was emerging that might have formed the basis for a more realistic and more radical approach to democracy than has actually been pursued by the Labour Party and the Left during the twentieth century. Democratic Ideas and the British Labour Movement assesses an important debate in the history of socialist ideas and in the formation of the British Labour movement.
A Tale of Three Cities
Authors: Singhvi L. M.
Published: December 2009

This book deals with contemporary issues of vital global concern on human rights, environment and development, and religion. In the text of his 1993 Rede Lecture - which forms the basis for the book - the author presents his own analytical comments on current thinking on these issues. Also included are declarations from three major conferences: the Earth Summit at Rio de Janeiro in 1992; the UN World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna, 1993; and the Parliament of World Religions in Chicago, 1993. The author led delegations to these conferences, and was closely associated with their deliberations.
Politics, Society and Civil War in Warwickshire, 1620–1660
Authors: Hughes Ann
Published: December 2009

This book discusses the origins, impact and aftermath of the Civil War in Warwickshire, examining administration, religion and politics in their social context. The focus is mainly on the landed élite, but the importance of relationships between members of the élite and their social inferiors is also stressed. Early chapters discuss the economic and social character of Warwickshire; a middle section examines the onset of the Civil War in 1642; and finally there is a discussion of the economic impact of the war and the administrative, political and religious changes of the 1640s and 1650s, culminating in an assessment of the significance of the Restoration. Dr Hughes takes a critical approach to recent historiography, and challenges the concept of a 'county community'. The book is intended as a contribution to a general understanding of the Civil War, rather than as a study of one particular county.
Particle Detectors
Authors: Grupen Claus , Shwartz Boris
Published: December 2009

The scope of the detection techniques in particle detectors is very wide, depending on the aim of the measurement. Detectors cover the measurement of energies from the very low to the highest of energies observed in cosmic rays. Describing the instrumentation for experiments in high energy physics and astroparticle physics, this edition describes track detectors, calorimeters, particle identification, neutrino detectors, momentum measurement, electronics, and data analysis. It also discusses applications of these detectors in other fields such as nuclear medicine, radiation protection and environmental science. Problem sets have been added to each chapter and additional instructive material has been provided, making this an excellent reference for graduate students and researchers in particle physics.
A Skywatcher's Year
Authors: Kanipe Jeff
Published: December 2009

Have you ever wondered what that bright point of light twinkling near the horizon is, or just when you can expect to see the best shooting stars of the year? A Skywatcher's Year has answers to these and other questions about what is visible in the night sky throughout the year. Through 52 articles arranged week by week, A Skywatcher's Year guides you to celestial events and phenomena that occur or are visible with the naked eye and binoculars for each week of the year. It acquaints you not only with up-to-date astronomical information on stars, nebulae, meteors, the Milky Way, and galaxies, but also conveys the beauty and wonder of the night sky. Covering both the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere, A Skywatcher's Year helps readers find prominent stars and constellations, bright star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies, and explains how and when to observe prominent annual meteor showers.
A Visitor's Guide to the Kitt Peak Observatories
Authors: Sage Leslie , Aschenbrenner Gail
Published: December 2009

The Kitt Peak National Observatory is located in the Quinlan Mountains, southwest of Tucson, Arizona. For more than 40 years, astronomers have used the telescopes here to make many remarkable discoveries about the Universe. Today, Kitt Peak is the most visited astronomical observatory site in the world. With over twenty telescopes of different types and sizes, the site gives visitors an indication of the great diversity of modern astronomy. This guide gives a comprehensive tour of the Kitt Peak telescopes, and introduces some of the important science that is done with them. It also points out some of the beautiful surrounding scenery, and gives an idea of what it is like to be an astronomer on the mountain. The book will enable visitors to make the most of their trip, and contains color-coded walking tours of the telescopes.
Basic Science for Anaesthetists
Authors: Dolenska Sylva
Published: December 2009

The aim of this book is to provide a concise and understandable review of the physics, mathematics, statistics, physiology and pharmacology of anaesthesia. A revised edition of a book originally titled Anaesthetic Data Interpretation, the new title better reflects the contents of the book. There are several additional chapters relevant to the Primary FRCA examination. New topics covered include the ventilatory response to oxygen and carbon dioxide, which is now a core knowledge requirement, new concepts in cardiovascular physiology, receptor types and the molecular actions of anaesthetics. Some of the revisions reflect advances in technology; for example, the uses of the capnograph and the oxygen analyser have advanced considerably in recent years. Basic Science for Anaesthetists is a concise and informative text which will be invaluable for trainee anaesthetists, and an aid to teaching for the trainers.
Legal and Ethical Aspects of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine
Authors: White Stuart M. , Baldwin Timothy J.
Published: December 2009

Clinical decisions in modern medical practice are increasingly influenced by ethical and legal issues, but few doctors have been formally trained in medical law and ethics, and are unsure of potential sources of accessible information, which leaves them exposed to public criticism and the threat of legal action. Perioperative medicine and critical care are, by their very nature, subjects in which issues of autonomy, dignity, consent, confidentiality, medical research, life and death decision making, and the rationing of health care resources are ever-present. This book provides a straightforward but comprehensive one-stop reference and should be essential reading for all medical and allied health care professionals who encounter ethicolegal problems during their management of patients.
Logic Colloquium 2005
Authors: Dimitracopoulos Costas , Newelski Ludomir , Normann Dag , Steel John R.
Published: December 2009

The Annual European Meeting of the Association for Symbolic Logic, generally known as the Logic Colloquium, is the most prestigious annual meeting in the field. Many of the papers presented there are invited surveys of developments, and the rest of the papers are chosen to complement the invited talks. This 2007 volume includes surveys, tutorials, and selected research papers from the 2005 meeting. Highlights include three papers on different aspects of connections between model theory and algebra; a survey of major advances in combinatorial set theory; a tutorial on proof theory and modal logic; and a description of Bernay's philosophy of mathematics.