bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of microwave radiation for decrepitation of spodumene from the Kolmozerskoe deposit
Authors: Krivolapova O. N. , Fureev I. L.
Published: January 2024

The lithium-ion industry is experiencing a rapidly growing demand for compounds containing lithium. Spodumene is one of the primary industrial minerals used in the production of this metal. It exists in three polymorphic forms. In its natural state, it is known as α-spodumene, which possesses a high resistance to chemical attack due to its compact structure containing silicon and aluminum oxides. When subjected to microwave radiation, α-spodumene undergoes a transformation, first becoming the γ form and then transitioning to the β form. It is known that the β form can be chemically treated to extract lithium. In light of this, microwave exposure was applied to α-spodumene with the aim of decrepitation, followed by sulfuric acid decomposition of the mineral. The mineral was crushed into different sizes (1.0, 0.5, and 0.25 mm). Temperature changes, induced by both conventional and microwave heating, were analyzed. The heating process was continued for samples of various sizes until a temperature of 1200 °C was reached. Sulfation of calcined samples was carried out for 60 minutes at a temperature of 250 °C. After cooling to 22 °C, distilled water was added and mixed for 120 minutes in closed leaching vessels. To determine the recovery of valuable and associated components, leach cakes and the liquid phase were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Based on the analysis of experimental results, the feasibility of using microwave radiation for decrepitation of spodumene to extract lithium is confirmed. The influence of particle size on phase transformations and, consequently, the degree of lithium extraction from spodumene was investigated. It was found that the recovery of lithium during the microwave action and leaching process for particles smaller than 0.25 mm reached 96.82 %. Microwave heating resulted in lower recovery rates of “harmful” components, such as iron, sodium, and calcium, in the leaching process, leading to a higher purity of the resulting product.
Climate change and natural resource conflict in ECOWAS and ECCAS regions: implications for state security forces
Authors: Onuoha Freedom C , Ojewale Oluwole , Akogwu Chukwunonso Joseph
Published: January 2024

Climate change has emerged as the imminent threat to national security in many regions of the world. Nowhere is this reality more acute than in West and Central Africa where surging population growth, rising urbanisation, persistent environmental degradation, emergence of violent extremist organisations and weak state capacity have created a perfect storm of insecurity. It is against this backdrop that this article examines the nexus and dynamics of climate change and natural resource conflicts in ECOWAS and ECCAS regions, with a view to highlighting its security implications. This study notes that climate change contributes to increased conflict, but along indirect pathways. Across the two regions, climate change is experienced through rising temperatures, droughts and destructive floods, which greatly undermine people’s well-being and compound the fragility of states. This calls for the capacitation of state security forces through orientation and training that foster good understanding of the complex relationship between climate change, peace and security. The study concludes by offering strategic recommendations and policy directions to effectively tackle the climate change and natural resource conflict challenges in the contiguous regions.
Regionalism and the fight against terrorism in southern Africa: reflections on Cabo Delgado in Mozambique
Authors: Rusero Alexander Madanha , Maisiri Kudzai Arnold
Published: January 2024

Post-independence Africa has often depicted Southern Africa as a formidable region spared by the calamities of Islamic insurgencies and terrorism. However, unfolding events in the last five years have demonstrated the limitation of SADC to terrorism exceptionalism. A combination of relatively weak states perpetuating poor regionalism, ethnic and religious diversity, poverty and the existence of the ‘ungoverned space’ are possible explanations in making the region a suitable habitat for insurgency groups. The recent invasion by terrorists of Cabo Delgado province in Mozambique has been a critical cause for concern for the stability of the region. The military intervention of the Southern African Development Community Mission in Mozambique (SAMIM) and Rwanda presents an opportunity for academics to explore regional prospects for peace and security. This paper uses insights gained from a qualitative study on terrorism, counterterrorism and regionalism to investigate the concept of regional security cooperation in the SADC region and the authenticity of institutional responses in Northern Mozambique. The study concludes that the launch of the SAMIM, despite several obstacles, represents a step in the right direction. More so, creating durable security institutions is the starting point towards realising meaningful regional security cooperation, which guarantees feasible regional economic integration.
Evaluating GPNMB ACD mutants by Western Blotting and immunofluorescence. v1
Authors: Bogacki Erin , Lewis Patrick , not provided sherbst
Published: January 2024

This protocol describes the evaluation of cellular processing of GPNMB mutants by Western Blotting and Immunofluorescent imaging in a HEK293 overexpression model.
Protocol for Systematic Analysis Data Elements v1
Authors: Sheoran Anushka , Martone Maryann , Torres-Espin Abel
Published: January 2024

This protocol provides a detailed framework for the systematic annotation and analysis of the semantic interoperability of data elements in data shared through repositories. We applied this protocol for the analysis of spinal cord injury (SCI) research data shared through the Open Data Commons for Spinal Cord Injury (odc-sci.org), centering on the role and harmonization potential of Community-based Data Elements (CoDEs). It underscores the critical need for systematic analysis to achieve consistent, high-quality data standardization, integral to the reproducibility and evolution of SCI research. The protocol navigates researchers through the adoption and interpretation of data elements in publicly available datasets, focusing on their semantic interoperability and harmonization capabilities. By delineating a clear method for evaluating changes in data reporting practices and the efficacy of data elements, this protocol not only bolsters data transparency and reusability but also contributes significantly to the credibility and collaborative progress of the SCI research field.
Dynamic Light Scattering measurements v1
Authors: not provided arpine.sokratian
Published: January 2024

Brief instrument guide for Dynamic Light Scattering Wyatt DynaPro followed by specific instructions to measure the size of sonicated amyloid fibrils
Preparation of mouse tissue homogenates for RT-QuIC assay v1
Authors: not provided arpine.sokratian , not provided andrew.west
Published: January 2024

This protocol is designed for a standardized and efficient procedure to homogenize mouse tissue, conducive for RT-QuIC analysis. The process involves treating samples with PBS mixed with Triton-X100, followed by homogenization using a prob-tip sonicator. Centrifugation is then employed to remove detergent-insoluble fraction, optimizing the tissue for subsequent analysis. The use of Triton-X100, a mild detergent, ensures the release of alpha-synuclein aggregates, enhancing signal specificity without compromising structural integrity. The protocol's significance lies in addressing the critical need for a reliable method in preparing mouse tissue for RT-QuIC analysis, with the distinct signal generated in assays validating its efficacy.
Differentiation of Astrocytes from Human iPSC-derived NPCs v1
Authors: Szeky Balazs , Feher Anita , Zana Melinda , Kucera Radek , Lochman Jan , Dinnyes Andras
Published: January 2024

Astrocytes are multifunctional glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS). They play essential roles in the metabolic support of neurons, synaptic transmission, maintaining blood-brain-barrier and immunological homeostasis. On the other hand, distinct subtypes of astrocytes play central roles in drug metabolism, neuroinflammation and in the exacerbation of neurodegenerative disorders. Understanding astrocye-mediated mechanisms of different CNS pathologies requires a reliable in vitro model system recapitulating in vivo astrocyte phenotypes and functionalities. To provide such models, we developed an efficient, time- and cost-effective method for the generation of functional astrocytes with high purity from human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs).
Bayes Estimation for the Mean Matrix of the SSMESN Family of Matrix Variate Distributions
Authors: Rezaei Amir , Yousefzadeh Fatemeh
Published: January 2024

In this paper, the problem of finding a Bayes estimation for the mean matrix of the scale and shape mixtures of matrix variate extended skew normal distributions is considered, and its applications in the multivariate linear regression and the stress-strength models are described. Finally, a simulation study and a real data analysis are presented for applications.
National Data Management: A Modern Data Stewardship Approach for the Swiss Administration Enabled by the New Platform “I14Y Interoperability”
Authors: Lenk Manuela , Ulrich Georges-Simon
Published: January 2024

To create the basis for the implementation of the Once-Only-Principle in Switzerland, the Swiss Federal Council launched a program called “National Data Management” in 2019. The Once-Only-Principle aims to reduce the administrative burden on citizens and companies. Instead of having to contact them repetitively for the same information, the responsible authorities should strive to exchange the required data. To enable this, we need to actively work on the data landscape of the Swiss administration. The concept of data stewardship is known to be an efficient tool to promote and ensure a consistent high level of data quality. Nowadays public administrations of many countries strive to embrace the idea of data stewardship. This paper describes the approach we have developed for the Swiss administration.
Stanislav Rosovetsky: Volodymyr Peretz's scientific heritage linguistic aspect
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Dyadyshcheva-Rosovetska Juliya
Published: January 2024

The article analyzes the linguistic aspect of Volodymyr Peretz's researches based on the observations of Stanislav Rosovetskyi. Emphasis is placed on his conclusion about the existence of a solid baggage of in-depth studies of ancient Ukrainian poetry, polemical literature, and Ukrainian folklore even before V. Peretz's arrival in Kyiv. The urgency of the justification by this energetic organizer of Ukrainian science in 1906 in the local press of the importance of establishing departments of Ukrainian studies at the university: language, literature, history, ethnography and customary law is emphasized. S. Rosovetskyi's linguistic observations on V. Peretz's detailed review of the 1928 edition of Kateryna Hrushevska's Dumas are considered. Emphasis is placed on clarifying the position of P. Zhitetskyi and V. Perets regarding the problem of the origin of opinions. The selection of Church Slavonic elements that are not inherent in the living prose and song language by V. Peretz in P. Zhitetskyi's language of Dum is highlighted. Also, S. Rosovetsky emphasized the academician's identification of falsifications among the given corpus of authentic texts of opinions. Attention is focused on the experience of Stanislav Kazimirovych regarding the study of forgeries of oral poetic texts: their differentiation into "fakelore", "folklorism", "folksiness", and attempts to understand certain linguistic aspects of their functioning in Ukraine. In addition, he noted the conclusion of the academician about the impossibility of obtaining reliable results when applying "accurate" research methods as a result of insufficient sample size. The role of V. Peretz in starting the scientific model of Shevchenko studies is outlined, on the one hand in his own studios, and on the other hand, in the training of a galaxy of future Shevchenko scholars at the Seminary. S. Rosovetskiy emphasizes meaning of the "originator of the philological method" right down to the word. Separately, the scientist emphasized the importance for a philologist to work with primary sources and introduce new texts into scientific circulation. Emphasis is placed on the possibilities opened up thanks to the "Slavic formalism" invented by V. Perets in 1905, as proved by S. Rosovetskyi. Particular attention is paid to V. Peretz's thorough observations on "The Tale of Igor's Campaign", the linguistic aspects of the scientist's studies are emphasized.
Phraseologization of Internet memes
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Syzonov Dmytro
Published: January 2024

The article analyzes modern Internet memes, which, due to their precedent, are able to be phraseologized in mass communication. Memes are considered intertextual polycode units that arise as a verbalized reflection on the dynamic development of events and actively function in the virtual media space. It has been proven that the language of Internet memes is built on irony and sarcasm using stylistic puns and "word games", oxymorons and gradation techniques, as well as aphorisms, precedent quotes, established constructions. A special emphasis is placed on war memes, which are characterized, in our opinion, by a set of primary features: (a) a catchy word, expression, verbal / non-verbal sign must be precedents; (b) spontaneity in appearance; (c) flexibility to modifications in order to interpret different events and phenomena; (d) appeal to the background knowledge of recipients; (e) semantic unity in form and content; (e) reproduction of cultural memory and response to the digital challenges of modernity. All this enables Internet memes in language communication to phraseologize and be able to be widely replicated in the information space. It is emphasized that communicators can independently create Internet memes and distribute them on their own media resources, which emphasizes the ability of memes to be constantly modified. For illustrative material, we turned to the information of the "Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Online" (SUCHO) portal, which has more than 10,000 memes as cultural markers of Ukraine. Having analyzed the memes of 2023, we can state that most Internet memes are precedent phenomena of the modern media space, and therefore have the ability to phraseologize. Therefore, Internet memes are a powerful source of new phraseology, have the ability to stylistically transform and help to strengthen the impression of a relevant informational message.
Are the new diagnoses needed in psychiatry, or is it enough for us to remember valentin magnan’s bouffée délirante? (To the article by E.V. Snedkov and co-authors ‘Is anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis real?’)
Authors: Sivolap Yury P. , Portnova Anna A.
Published: January 2024

New clinical observations and new scientific data lead to the identification of new diseases. Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, which mainly develops in young women due to ovarian teratoma and other suspected etiological factors, manifested by numerous neurological and psychiatric symptoms that give an acute condition resembling primary mental disorders, and accompanied by the appearance of antibodies to NMDA receptors, is one example of this kind. Some experts are questioning whether anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis should be considered a separate neuropsychiatric disorder. This article analyses a recent publication by one of the groups opposing the new diagnosis.
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum: a review of the literature with a clinical case
Authors: Gladysheva Ekaterina K. , Parasunko Tatyana R. , Gladysheva Kristina K. , Parasunko Darya R. , Shaar Gassan B. , Belekhova Svetlana G.
Published: January 2024

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (Grönblad–Strandberg syndrome) is an inherited disease of an autosomal recessive type associated with a mutation in the ABCC6 gene, which causes a violation of the elastogenesis process. The disease is characterized by defects in the tissues of the skin, eyes and blood vessels. Skin lesions of Pseudoxanthoma elasticum represent small xanthomatous papules with tendency to be confluent; most frequently, they are located on the occipital skin, in axillary creases, on the lateral surfaces of the neck, and in skin deflection areas. The ocular involvement manifests as retinal angioid streaks on the fundus, representing the breaks in Bruch’s membrane, which often complicate by development of choroidal neovascularization. Timely diagnosis and early treatment of patients with active choroidal neovascularization caused by angioid streaks makes possible to stabilize the process and preserve visual functions.
Comparative characteristics of ophthalmological symptoms of orbitocranial and orbital cavernous venous malformation
Authors: Serova Natalya K. , Trunova Anna P. , Grigorieva Nadezhda N. , Lasunin Nikolay V.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: Cavernous venous malformation of the orbit, formerly known as cavernous hemangioma of the orbit, refers to vascular malformations with slow blood flow, and is a frequent lesion of the orbit in adults. The spread of cavernous venous malformation of the orbit into the cranial cavity is extremely rare.
AIM: The aim of this study is a comparative analysis of ophthalmological manifestations of orbitocranial and orbital cavernous venous malformation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis was performed on 50 patients operated in N.N. Burdenko National Scientific and Practical Center for Neurosurgery from 2004 till 2023. Two groups of patients with сavernous venous malformation of the orbit were identified: group 1 — with malformation spreading into the cranial cavity, group 2 —with malformation localized in the orbit only.
RESULTS: In 29 patients, cavernous venous malformation of the orbit spread into the cranial cavity through superior orbital fissure, inferior orbital fissure, optic canal and/or through combinations thereof; in 21 patients, the malformation was located in the orbit only. Females prevailed in both groups; the average age was 44 years. The first group included patients with the following features: visual impairments were more frequent and more prominent, oculomotor disorders caused mainly by the involvement of oculomotor and abducens nerves; optic nerve atrophy, slight proptosis. The second group was identified by more prominent proptosis, more mild visual impairments, oculomotor disorders caused by the presence of the malformation in the orbit, at the eye fundus, optic nerve head edema prevailed.
CONCLUSIONS: Ophthalmic symptoms due to topographic and anatomical variants of a cavernous malformation.
Development of schematic representations for globe removal and formation of the supporting-motor stump for use in ophthalmological and radiological practice
Authors: Davydov Dmitry V. , Gridasova Irina S. , Serova Nataliya S. , Pavlova Olga Yu. , Konovalov Konstantin A.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: Today, the issue of globe endoprosthetics is an extremely important problem due to several reasons: the presence of various methods for globe removal, the variety of implants and surgical installation techniques, non-standard cavities before prosthetics, the lack of a unified algorithm for examining the patients at the pre- and postoperative stages, as well as difficulties in the rehabilitation of patients with anophthalmos and high aesthetics requirements.
AIM: Development of schematic images of performing various surgical techniques for globe removal and forming a supporting-motor stump for a cosmetic prosthesis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: During 2020–2023, in different institutions, 43 patients (100%) were examined for globe endoprosthetics, from 18 to 65 years old, 23 men, 20 women. The authors analyzed CT data obtained at the radiological department No. 2 of Sechenov University and at the 1586 Military Clinical Hospital of the Russian Ministry of Defense.
RESULTS: All patients (n = 43; 100%) underwent a globe removal in various modifications depending on the initial condition, in 39 cases (78%) — reconstructive surgery for the endoprosthesis installation in order to form a volumetric supporting-motor stump, and further external cosmetic prosthetics. In 10 patients (22%), the endoprosthesis was installed after enucleation of the globe, in 33 (78%) — after evisceration in various modifications.
CONCLUSIONS: This paper presents schematic images of various techniques for surgical globe removal, formation of a supporting-motor stump, types of endoprostheses, the options of external cosmetic prosthetics and the presence of complications, as well as a CT protocol for the description of obtained images.
ZİHİNSEL YETERSİZLİĞİ OLAN BİREYLERİN ÖZ BAKIM BECERİLERİNİ KULLANMADA 2B ANİMASYONLARIN ETKİLİLİĞİ
Authors: KAMALI ARSLANTAŞ Tuğba , ÕZGÜR YILMAZ Çağla , GÜNLÜ Yasin
Published: January 2024

Çalışmanın ana amacı, hafif veya orta düzeyde zihinsel yetersizlik tanısı almış üç anaokulu öğrencisinin öz bakım becerilerini edinmelerinde animasyon tabanlı bir öğretim programının etkinliğini değerlendirmektir. Araştırmacılar, hedeflenen popülasyonun kendine özgü gereksinimlerini karşılamak için özel olarak tasarlanmış, doğrudan öğretim süreçlerini içeren animasyon tabanlı bir öğretim paketi geliştirmiştir. Müdahalenin etkisini değerlendirmek için, tek denekli araştırma desenlerinden davranışlar arası çoklu yoklama modeli uygulanmıştır. Çalışma diş fırçalama, sabunla el yıkama ve el kurulama olmak üzere üç günlük yaşam becerisinin öğretilmesine odaklanmıştır. Sonuçlar, animasyon tabanlı video modellemenin zihinsel yetersizliği olan öğrenciler arasında günlük yaşam becerilerinin edinimini artırmada etkili bir yaklaşım olduğunu göstermiştir. Dolayısıyla, animasyon temelli öğretim, zihinsel yetersizliği olan bireyler arasında etkili öz bakım becerilerinin edinilmesini kolaylaştırmak için uygun bir strateji olarak umut vaat etmektedir.
SARMALAYICI VE MASAÜSTÜ SANAL GERÇEKLİK ORTAMLARINDA UZAMSAL YETENEĞİN GERİ GETİRME PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ
Authors: TEKELİ Perihan , ALTUN Arif , DEMİRYÜREK Deniz , VATANSEVER Alper
Published: January 2024

Alanyazında farklı sanal gerçeklik türlerini ele alan öğrenme ortamlarının öğrenenlerin bireysel farklılıklarını pek dikkate almadığı görülmüş ve farklı uzamsal yeteneklere sahip öğrenenler üzerindeki etkileri hala tam olarak anlaşılamamıştır. Ek olarak sarmalayıcı ve sarmalayıcı olmayan sanal gerçeklik öğrenme ortamlarını karşılaştıran mevcut araştırmalarda tutarsız sonuçlar görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmanın amacı, sarmalayıcı (immersive) ve sarmalayıcı olmayan (non-immersive) sanal gerçeklik öğrenme ortamlarında öğrencilerin uzamsal yetenek kapasitelerinin geri getirme performansları üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Sarmalayıcı sanal gerçeklik (SSG) ortamında joystick ile kontrol edilen başa takılan sanal gerçeklik gözlükleri kullanılmıştır. Sarmalayıcı olmayan gezinme ortamı için ise fare veya klavye ile kontrol edilen masaüstü sanal gerçeklik kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmaya daha önce hiç anatomi eğitimi almamış 111 gönüllü lisans öğrencisi katılmıştır. Bu öğrencilerden 53 Öğrenci SSG ortamına, 58 öğrenci masaüstü SG ortamında çalışmaya katılmıştır. Araştırma modeli 2x2 (düşük-yüksek uzamsal yetenek x SSG-Masaüstü SG) faktöriyel tasarımdır. Veri toplama aracı olarak görsel uzamsal bellek sayı döndürme testi, geri getirme performans görevi ve demografik bilgi anketi kullanılmıştır. Öğrenciler uzamsal bellek testi puanlarına göre düşük ve yüksek gruplara ayrılmış ve ardından SSG ve Masaüstü SG gruplarına rastgele atanmışlardır. Bu ortamlarda anatomi eğitimi aldıktan sonra, tüm öğrencilerden geri getirme performans görevini tamamlamaları istenmiştir. Sonuçlar, farklı uzamsal yetenek kapasitesine sahip öğrencilerin farklı SG ortamlarında geri getirme performansları üzerinde herhangi bir etkisi olmadığını göstermiştir. Ancak yüksek uzamsal yeteneğe sahip öğrencilerin eğitim uygulamasını daha kısa sürede tamamladığı görülmüştür. Cinsiyet farklılıkları da masaüstü SG ve SSG ortamlarında anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemiştir. Bu çalışmanın en önemli sonucu, öğrencilere farklı sanal gerçeklik ortamlarında aynı eşdeğer içeriğe sahip ortamlar sunulursa, aynı öğrenme çıktılarının elde edebileceğidir. Dolayısıyla bir öğrenme ortamı olarak sanal gerçeklik teknolojilerini kullanırken bir ekranda veya başa takılan bir gözlük ile sunulmasından çok sunulan içerik, görsel materyal önemli olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarının, hem alanyazındaki tutarsızlıkları açıklaması hem de öğrenme ortamındaki bireysel farklılıkları dikkate alması açısından, eğitim teknolojileri alanındaki mevcut eğitim araştırmalarına ve uygulamalarına katkıda bulunması beklenmektedir.
Souto, Matilde y Kent, Daniel (coords.) (2022). Miradas globales desde América Latina.
Authors: Riojas López Carlos
Published: January 2024

Sin resumen.
Consumo de bebidas energizantes e insomnio en estudiantes de posgrados en salud no médicoquirúrgicos, Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Cala Ramos Tatiana María , Monsalvo Pérez Danis Carmina , Múnera Peláez Verónica del Mar , Barrera Agudelo Juliana , Valencia Barrera Sofía , Mejía Echeverri Ana María , Zapata Carmona María Alejandra , Wiedemann Castaño Laura
Published: January 2024

El sueño es un requerimiento para la salud física y mental. Y quienes no duermen, por tanto, desmejoran su calidad de vida cuando no logran conciliarlo. Las bebidas energizantes son capaces de elevar el nivel de energía y rendimiento mental debido a sus ingredientes como cafeína y otros componentes; sin embargo, podrían generar efectos indeseables como el insomnio. Los estudiantes de posgrado en salud tienen un alto riesgo de insomnio, debido a exigencias académicas, laborales y familiares, por lo que son más propensos al consumo de bebidas energizantes para mantenerse alerta y cumplir con sus obligaciones. Este artículo presenta un estudio analítico de corte transversal, con el fin de evaluar la asociación entre consumo de bebidas energizan- tes e insomnio, en el que se incluyeron 157 estudiantes de posgrado en salud no médico-quirúrgicos de una universidad de Medellín, Colombia, escogidos con un muestreo aleatorio estratificado según programa académico durante marzo y mayo de 2019. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas, académicas, laborales y hábitos de sueño, así como de consumo y tipo de bebidas energizantes. Se halló insomnio en el 43,9 % de los estudiantes, ic 95 % (36 %-52,1 %), con asociación estadística al consumo de bebida energizante rp 1,68 IC 95 % (1,01-2,83). El consumo de bebidas energizantes y la frecuencia de consumo se asocian a la presencia de insomnio en estudiantes de posgrado en salud no médico-quirúrgicos.
Badania nad mechanizmami działania i rozwoju oporności na bakteriocyny klasy II u bakterii Gram-dodatnich
Authors: Tymoszewska Aleksandra , Aleksandrzak-Piekarczyk Tamara
Published: January 2024

Bacteriocins are peptides or proteins produced by bacteria to kill or inhibit the growth of other bacteria inhabiting the same ecological niche. The growing interest in bacteriocins reflects their potential use in food preservation and treatment of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria, among other applications. The number of published studies on the identification of new bacteriocin-producing strains is constantly increasing. At the same time, there is a noticeable lack of research describing the mechanisms of action of most newly identified bacteriocins, as well as the mechanisms leading to the development of resistance to these bacteriocins and cross-resistance to antibiotics. Detailed understanding of these issues will allow to develop guidelines ensuring the most effective, safe and long-term use of bacteriocins without the risk of resistance development. This work describes the main assumptions of the doctoral dissertation of Aleksandra Tymoszewska, which objectives were to characterize the mechanisms of action and of resistance to class II bacteriocins of Gram-positive bacteria. Using the model bacterium Lactococcus lactis, two groups of bacteriocins were examined: (i) garvicins Q, A, B and C, and BacSJ; and (ii) aureocin A53 (AurA53)- and enterocin L50 (EntL50)-like bacteriocins. Bacteriocins of group (i) have been shown to recognize susceptible cells and form pores in the cell membrane using a specific receptor, the mannose-specific phosphotransferase system (Man-PTS), and sensitive bacteria have been shown to acquire resistance to the these bacteriocins by modifying the structure of Man-PTS. On the other hand, the acquisition of resistance to group (ii) membrane-targeting and receptor-independent bacteriocins occurs through changes in the structure of the bacterial cell wall and membrane, which are induced by changes in the expression of proteins involved in lipid metabolism or components of the YsaCB-KinG-LlrG regulatory system. The results shed new light on previous views on the mechanisms of action of bacteriocins and open up opportunities for their further study.
Teatr bliskiego kontaktu. Studia przypadków grup teatralnych
Authors: Kalinowska Katarzyna , Kułakowska Katarzyna , Wejbert-Wąsiewicz Ewelina , Zimnica-Kuzioła Emilia
Published: January 2024

Książka Teatr bliskiego kontaktu. Studia przypadków grup teatralnych stanowi socjologiczną analizę działalności trzech grup teatru niezależnego: Teatru Węgajty założonego w 1986 roku przez Erdmute i Wacława Sobaszków oraz Małgorzatę i Wolfganga Niklausów; Stowarzyszenia Teatralnego Chorea zawiązanego w roku 2004 w Lublinie głównie z inicjatywy Tomasza Rodowicza, Doroty Porowskiej i Elżbiety Rojek (od 2009 roku funkcjonującego w Łodzi) oraz łódzkiego Teatru Szwalnia założonego przez Marcina Brzozowskiego, Ewę Łukasiewicz, Jacka Malarskiego i Wacława Mikłaszewskiego. Analizy dotyczące działalności „teatrów bliskiego kontaktu”, odwołujących się do idei „intensywnej współobecności”, nawiązują do klasyków nauk społecznych (Florian Znaniecki, Bronisław Malinowski, Erving Goffman, Howard Becker), do teorii (horyzontalnego) rezonansu Hartmuta Rosy, teorii ozdrowieńczego zmęczenia Byung-Chul Hana, neotrybalizmu Michela Maffesoliego, do antykapitalistycznej krytyki Rebekki Solnit. Charakterystyki trzech teatralnych mikroświatów skonstruowane zostały w oparciu o źródła zastane i wywołane.   Działanie w alternatywnym teatrze wykracza poza sferę pracy zawodowej i wynika w dużej mierze z pasji i entuzjazmu. Twórcom i twórczyniom niezależnych grup teatralnych trudno wyznaczyć granicę pomiędzy życiem a sztuką. Dla nich sztuka to tworzenie wspólnoty. Wszystkie trzy formacje to szczególnego rodzaju ośrodki kultury realizujące swój program w szerszych działaniach niż jedynie prezentowanie przedstawień. Pragną  doprowadzić do międzyludzkiego, bliskiego kontaktu. Na łamach tej książki pozwalamy się im spotkać, choć pozostają ze sobą w bliskim kontakcie ideowym, myślowym, twórczym, a niekiedy i realnym.
Response of Some Soybean Genotypes to Insect Infestation under Three Mineral Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates
Authors: Abdel-Wahab Eman I. , Mohamed Marwa Kh.A. , Baheeg M.A. , Abdel-Rahman Soheir F. , Naroz Magda H.
Published: January 2024

Background: A two-year study was conducted at Giza Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt, to evaluate the productivity of six genotypes of soybeans under three mineral nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates, as well as their resistance to insects, in comparison to four check varieties. Methods: The study took place during the 2021 and 2022 summer seasons. The treatments included three mineral N fertilizer rates (N1=67% of N fertilizer rate “71.4 kg N/ha”, N2=33% of N fertilizer rate “35.7 kg N/ha” with seed inoculation by Bradyrhizobium japonicum and N3=100% of N fertilizer rate of the recommended rate “107.1 kg N/ha”) and ten soybean genotypes (H4L4, H6L198, H18L54, H29L115, H129, Misr 10, along with Dr101 and Giza 111 “resistant” and Giza 82 and Crawford “susceptible”). The experiment used a split plot design with three replications. The main plots were assigned the mineral N fertilizer rates, while the subplots, were assigned the soybean genotypes. Result: Fewer cotton leaf worms, whiteflies and leaf miners were found after applying N1 or N2. In the 6th week from sowing, Misr 10 and Dr 101 had fewer cotton leaf worms and whiteflies. In contrast, throughout the 7th, 8th and 9th weeks from sowing, Misr 10 and H6L198 had fewer cotton leaf worms. Misr 10 had fewer leaf miners in every week and fewer whiteflies in the 7th, 8th and 9th weeks from sowing. In the 6th week of the first season, Misr 10, Dr101, H18L54 and Giza 111 that received N1 or N2 had fewer cotton leaf worms; in the 7th and 9th weeks from sowing, Misr 10, Dr101 and H6L198 harbored fewer whiteflies. The lowest pod weight/plant, seed yield/plant, 100-seed weight, seed yield/ha and HI were obtained by using N3. Higher biological yield/ha, seed yield/plant, 100-seed weight, seed yield/ha and HI were attained by Misr 10. In the second season, seed yield per plant and seed yield per hectare were significantly affected by the interaction between soybean genotypes and mineral N fertilizer rates. Growing Misr 10 with 67 per cent N of the recommended rate increased seed yield/plant and seed yield/ha, along with fewer cotton leaf worm, whiteflies and leaf miners compared to the commercial cultivar Giza 111 receiving the recommended mineral N fertilizer rate.
Effects of Excessive Application of P and Zn Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Maize under Hydroponic Conditions
Authors: Thuy P.T.P.
Published: January 2024

Background: Phosphate is an essential nutrient but can be toxic to plants when phosphate accumulates in plants at high levels. The objective of the study was to find effects of excessive application of P and Zn fertilizer on growth and yield of maize under hydroponic conditions. Methods: Research of Experiment studied from August to December 2019 at the greenhouse of the Agriculture and Aquaculture School at Tra Vinh University. The study aimed to determine the effect of high phosphate application on growth, biomass, symptoms of poisoning, phosphate and zinc absorption in maize and vegetables grown in hydroponic solution. Result: Experimental results showed the symptoms of phosphate poisoning on maize when grown in Hoagland nutrient solution (2.0 mM P) with an additional phosphorus content of 0.1 mM P, 1.0 mM P, 3.0 mM P in the treatment with or without the addition of Zn. However, the poisoning symptoms have been yet clearly expressed when Zn was not added. Therefore, plants may exhibit phosphorus toxicity, reducing Zn absorption when the phosphorus concentration in solution was increased by more than 1%P2O5. It is necessary to continue investigating plants’ responses to phosphate fertilizers.
Genetic Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance and Association Studies in Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]
Authors: Gnanasekaran M. , Gunasekaran M. , Thiyagu K. , Muthuramu S. , Ramkumar J. , Venudevan B.
Published: January 2024

Background: In Tamil Nadu blackgram is cultivated in 4.02 lakhs hectare with the production of 2.25 millon tonnes and productivity of 559 kg/ha. Even though it has great importance, blackgram cultivation is ignored as minimum attention is given towards its genetic improvement. There are various reasons for the low production of crop like lack of genetic variability, absence of suitable ideotype, susceptibility to biotic and abiotic stresses and planting in marginal areas of farming. Hence, it is important to improve the productivity of blackgram. Methods: The present investigation was carried out on 44 blackgram genotypes at field experimentation site of Regional Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Aruppukkottai, Virudhunagar District, to study genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and correlation and path effects of seven important yield contributing traits including yield trait. Result: Highest GCV and PCV value observed for seed yield per plant and for plant height. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean were recorded for plant height and seed yield (kg/ha) and selection of these traits was useful for further improvement in plant breeding programme. Association analysis revealed that seed yield exhibited significant and positive correlated with plant height and number of pods/plant. Yield component traits viz., plant height, number of pods/plant, 100 seed weight and single plant yield were highly correlated among themselves. It was observed that plant height and number of pod/plant had the maximum positive direct effects on seed yield. The indirect effect of plant height on grain yield was positive through days to maturity, days to fifty percent flowering and number of pods per plant. Hence selection of plants based on plant height and number of pods/plant will help the improvement of seed yield in blackgram.
Nos están marcando
Authors: Olivares Cristóbal
Published: January 2024

La rebelión chilena inició el 18 de octubre de 2019. El detonante fue el aumento de 4 % en la tarifa del metro, lo que provocó evasiones masivas, al comienzo de los estudiantes secundarios pero que luego se generalizaron y se expandieron por todo el país
Las patriotas
Authors: Pedraza Pilar , Bernedo Karen
Published: January 2024

Las Patriotas es una invitación a encontrar nuevos sentidos que la palabra «Independencia» tiene para las mujeres en este Bicentenario. Los retratos de las mujeres presentados en esta serie se inspiran en quienes protagonizaron las batallas emancipadoras del pasado. A través de sus historias y la fuerza que proyectan activistas, obreras, madres, estudiantes, trabajadoras de la cultura y académicas; nos preguntamos sobre las luchas por la igualdad que libramos en el presente.
Relação entre prática de exercícios físicos ou esporte, motivação e barreiras percebidas para a prática em funcionários de uma empresa de agregadores corporativos para academias em São Paulo - SP
Authors: Thomazini João Pedro Coelho , Azevedo Milton José de , Costa Gabriel Peinado , Trapé Átila Alexandre
Published: January 2024

Introdução: As barreiras e motivações para a prática de atividade física têm sido estudadas, porém, faltam estudos no ambiente corporativo. Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de prática de exercícios físicos/esporte e analisar a relação desta com as barreiras e as motivações percebidas para a prática em funcionários de uma empresa de agregadores corporativos para academias, localizada na Grande São Paulo/SP. Procedimentos metodológicos: Estudo realizado por meio de formulário online, abrangendo informações sociodemográficas, o uso do Inventário de Motivação à Prática de Atividade Física (IMPRAF-54) e um questionário para mensuração da percepção de barreiras para a prática de atividades físicas. Análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o teste Qui-quadrado com correção de Fisher e teste para grupos independentes com correção de Welch, assumindo um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Participaram do estudo um total de 57 pessoas, sendo a maioria fisicamente ativa (68,4%) e praticante de exercícios físicos/esporte (77,2%). Observaram-se associações significativas em relação a 12 das 19 barreiras investigadas, com destaque como principais barreiras entre os não praticantes de exercícios físicos ou esporte, tarefas domésticas (61,5%), falta de energia (59,2%) e jornada de trabalho extensa (53,8%). Além disso, os participantes que praticavam exercícios físicos/esporte demonstraram uma motivação significativamente maior para o controle de estresse (diferença média = 4,98; IC95% = 0,98 – 8,99; Cohen's d = 0,79), saúde (diferença média = 4,55; IC95% = 2,34 – 6,75; Cohen's d = 1,31) e prazer (diferença média = 5,70; IC95% 3,05 – 8,36; Cohen's d = 1,36). Considerações finais: Os resultados apontam para elevada prática de exercícios físicos ou esportes (aproximadamente três em cada quatro participantes), com maiores pontuações de motivação entre estes, principalmente a respeito no controle do estresse, à manutenção da saúde e ao prazer, contrapondo as barreiras mais frequentes relatadas, que estão principalmente ligadas a responsabilidades profissionais e domésticas. Espera-se que esses resultados possam orientar o desenvolvimento de estratégias eficazes para promover a participação dos funcionários corporativos na prática de exercícios físicos ou esportes.
Biomechanics of stabbing knife attack for trauma surgeons in Korea: a narrative review
Authors: Hwang Kun , Park Chan Yong
Published: January 2024

The aim of this paper was to review the biomechanics of knife injuries, including those that occur during stabbing rampages. In knife stab attacks, axial force and energy were found to be 1,885 N and 69 J, respectively. The mean velocity of a stabbing motion has been reported to range from 5 to 10 m/sec, with knife motions occurring between 0.62 and 1.07 seconds. This speed appears to surpass the defensive capabilities of unarmed, ordinarily trained law enforcement officers. Therefore, it is advisable to maintain a minimum distance of more than an arm's length from an individual visibly armed with a knife. In training for knife defense, particularly in preparation for close-quarter knife attacks, this timing should be kept in mind. Self-inflicted stab wounds exhibited a higher proportion of wounds to the neck and abdomen than assault wounds. Injuries from assault wounds presented a higher Injury Severity Score, but more procedures were performed on self-inflicted stab wounds. Wound characteristics are not different between nonsuicidal self-injury and suicidal self-wrist cutting injuries. Consequently, trauma surgeons cannot determine a patient's suicidal intent based solely on the characteristics of the wound. In Korea, percent of usage of lethal weapon is increasing. In violence as well as murders, the most frequently used weapon is knife. In the crimes using knife, 4.8% of victims are killed. Therefore, the provision of prehospital care by an emergency medical technician is crucial.
Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Arterial Hypertension in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Literature Review
Authors: Ignatenko G. A. , Bagriy A. E. , Prikolota A. V. , Prikolota O. A. , Mykhailichenko E. S. , Arshavskaya I. A. , Mogilevskaya K. E.
Published: January 2024

Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus are often combined and mutually enhance the adverse effect on vascular and renal prognosis. Hypertension is present in about 50 % of patients with type 2 diabetes, and diabetes, in turn, is detected in about 20 % of people with hypertension. The risk of developing hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes is 2-2.5 times higher than in people without diabetes; the presence of hypertension increases the risk of type 2 diabetes by the same number of times. Hypertension and diabetes mutually burden each other: on the one hand, the presence of hypertension significantly increases the likelihood of developing diabetic macro- and microvascular complications (including diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy); on the other hand, type 2 diabetes, as a classic independent cardiovascular risk factor, increases the risk of complications inherent in hypertension by about 2 times Careful treatment of diabetes with maintenance of target values of glycemia for a long time may be associated with a decrease in the likelihood of developing hypertension by 24 % compared with less adequate control of glycemia. Hypertension in type 2 diabetes may have a number of features that distinguish such patients from the general population of people with hypertension. Such features include a higher proportion of isolated systolic hypertension and resistant hypertension, certain types of circadian rhythm disorders of blood pressure (categories “non-dipper” and “night-peaker”), frequent combination with albuminuria, frequent high salt sensitivity and volume-dependent nature of hypertension, and others.
ANÁLISE DA EFICÁCIA DA EXECUÇÃO ORÇAMENTÁRIA A LUZ DOS OBJETIVOS DO DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL NA REGIÃO DO JALAPÃO – TO: OS CASOS DA SAÚDE E EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Rodrigues Waldecy , Alves Lima Renan
Published: January 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar a relação entre a alocação de recursos orçamentários e a eficácia na aplicação de políticas públicas de saúde e educação, a luz dos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável,  na Microrregião do Jalapão no ciclo 2018 a 2021.  A pesquisa foi estruturada a partir de investigação bibliográfica, documental e coleta de dados disponibilizados para consulta pública por meio do Sistema de Integração de Controle e Auditoria Pública (Sicap) do Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Tocantins e Índice de Efetividade da Gestão Municipal (IEGM).   Com base na análise de resultados, conclui-se que a alocação dos recursos orçamentários relacionou-se parcialmente com a maior efetividadena prestação de serviços públicos de saúde e educação. Na análise estatística verificou-se que os municípios com menor gasto proporcional em gastos com pessoal,  apresentaram melhores desempenhos nos serviços de saúde e educação.  Uma outra constatação é que existem maiores evidências estatísticas que um gasto per capita em saúde apresentou efeitos maiores sobre sua efetividade,  do que no caso do setor educacional.
GOVERNANÇA PÚBLICA NA GESTÃO ESTRATÉGICA DE PESSOAS: UMA ANÁLISE DOS ODS NO PLANO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO INSTITUCIONAL DA UFT
Authors: Alves Caminha Alana , Silva Ferreira Milagres Cleiton
Published: January 2024

Este estudo analisou os indicadores da governança de gestão de pessoas, a partir dos objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável propostos no Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional (PDI) da Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT). Os procedimentos metodológicos consistiram em pesquisa documental e em pesquisa de campo, por meio da observação participante. Os resultados apontaram que três práticas mensuradas obtiveram resultados negativos e outras quatro obtiveram resultados positivos, sendo que todas tinham integração com um ou mais ODS inseridos no PDI da instituição.
A REINCIDÊNCIA CRIMINAL NAS PENAS ALTERNATIVAS: UM ESTUDO DO CASO DA CENTRAL DE PENAS E MEDIDAS ALTERNATIVAS DA COMARCA DE PORTO NACIONAL – TOCANTINS
Authors: Puhl Bif Larissa , Pizzio Alex
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo, avalia em que medida a Política de Alternativas Penais tem alcançado eficácia na Central de Penas e Medidas Alternativas da Comarca de Porto Nacional – Tocantins (CEPEMA). Para dar conta desse objetivo, analisamos o índice de reincidência criminal nos casos de condenados à pena restritiva de direitos na CEPEMA de Porto Nacional, no período de 2017 a 2021. Foram identificados cerca de 95 casos de  indivíduos que cumpriam penas restritivas de direitos no ano de 2016, os quais eram monitorados pela CEPEMA, o que nos permitiu identificar o percentual de casos onde os condenados voltaram a delinquir no período de cinco anos posteriores à primeira condenação. Por fim, os principais resultados apontam que o índice de reincidência desvelado na comarca de Porto Nacional atesta o direcionamento da implementação da política para um viés efetivo, por meio da adequada aplicação das penas alternativas.