bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMETAAN MIKROZONASI SEISMIK DI DESA LILI KECAMATAN FATULEU KABUPATEN KUPANG
Authors: Nubatonis Ida , Sianturi Hery L. , Bernandus Bernandus
Published: August 2019

ABSTRAK

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang mikrozonasi seismik dengan metode HVSR di Desa Lili Kecamatan Fatuleu Kabupaten Kupang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui nilai frekuensi dominan tanah, amplifikasi, indeks kerentanan seismik dan percepatan tanah maksimum. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan TDS tipe 303 dengan frekuensi natural 0,2Hz-20Hz. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapatkan bahwa nilai frekuensi dominan berkisar antara 0,279 Hz-17,210Hz, nilai amplifikasi berkisar antara 1,802-10,240 dan nilai indeks kerentanan seismik berkisar antara 0,422-421,167. Nilai percepatan tanah maksimum berkisar antara 160,769 gal – 279,316 gal dengan tingkat resiko besar dua dan tingkat resiko besar tiga.

Kata kunci: Mikrozonasi, HVSR, Lili

ABSTRACT

The research about seismik microzonation using HVSR methods in Lili village, sub-district of Fatuleu, district of Kupang has been done. The aims of this research are to determine the values of soil dominant frequency, magnitude of amplification, seismik vulnerability index, and the peak ground acceleration. This research used TDS 303S type with0,2Hz-20Hz of natural frequency. According to this research, it was obtained that the values of the dominant frequency was about 0,279Hz-17,210Hz, the amplification values were found to be 1,802-10,240 and the index of vulnerability has values about 0,422-421,167. The peak ground acceleration values about 160,769 gal – 279,316 gal with great risk level two and great risk level three.

Keywords: microzonation, HVSR, Lili
PEMODELAN DUA DIMENSI MENGGUNAKAN RESIDUAL ANOMALI MAGNETIK LOKASI SAINS CENTER DI DESA OELNASI, KECAMATAN KUPANG TENGAH, KABUPATEN KUPANG
Authors: Ramli Sevarianus , Tanesib Jehunias L. , Johannes Albert Zicko
Published: August 2019

ABSTRAK

Telah dilakukan penelitian dengan metode geomagnet pada lokasi Sains Center di Desa Oelnasi, Kecamatan Kupang Tengah, Kabupaten Kupang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginterpretasi kondisi bawah permukaan lokasi pembangunan gedung Sains Center dan  memetakan pola perlapisan batuan bawah permukaan di lokasi penelitian. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada 192 titik ukur dengan luas lokasi ± 50 Ha. Proses akusisi data dengan sistem looping menggunakan alat Proton Prosession Magnetometer (PPM) tipe GSM-19T. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebaran nilai intensitas medan magnetik total dari 45255.85 nT sampai 45517.70 nT. Untuk anomali hasil pengolahan data diperoleh pada kisaran -90 nT sampai 190 nT. Hasil pemodelan 2 dimensi menunjukkan bahwa lokasi penelitian didominasi oleh batuan gamping dengan kisaran nilai suseptibilitas 0,000002 cgs unit sampai 0,002778 cgs unit dan berada pada kedalaman ±0 meter – 20 meter  dan batuan diamagnetik dengan kisaran nilai suseptibilitas -0,000013 cgs unit sampai -0,000840 cgs unit  pada kedalaman ± 5 meter – 20 meter.   

Kata kunci: Geomagnet, Suseptibilitas, Sains Center, Batuan gamping, Batuan diamagnetik.

ABSTRACT

A research has been done with used geomagnetic method in located science centre of oelnasi village subdistric kupang centre, kupang regency. This research purposes for interpretation under surface condition site the building of science centre and mapped pattern rock layered under surface in the location research. Acquire data to do in 192 drop measure with wide located ± 50 hectare. The acquire process with looping system make use of Proton Prosession Magnetometer (PPM) type GSM-19T. Output research showed value spread total intensity magnetic field as of 45255,85 nT to 45517,70 nT. For output anomaly data processing get to turn -90 nT to 190 nT. Two dimantion output modeling showed that in the location research predominance of limestones rock with the susceptibility value 0,000002 cgs unit to 0,002778 cgs unit and be in the depth ±0 meters – 20 meters, and diamagnetic rock with the susceptibility value -0,000013 cgs unit to 0,000840 cgs unit be in the depth ±5 meters – 20 meters.    

Keywords : Geomagnetic, Susceptibility, Science Centre, Limestone Rock, Diamagnetic Rock.
PEMANFAATAN RADIASI MULTIGAMMA NUKLIR DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KACANG ARBILA (Paceolus lunatus) TIPE MENJALAR ASAL CAMPLONG KECAMATAN FATULEU KABUPATEN KUPANG
Authors: Banafanu Venchy S. , Wahid Abdul , Pasangka Bartholomeus
Published: August 2019

ABSTRAK

Kacang Arbila (phaseolus lunatus) merupakan salah satu leguminosa asli Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT)‚ khususnya di Kecamatan Fatuleu yang memiliki peranan yang cukup penting dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan masyarakat‚ yang memliki kandungan gizi yang cukup tinggi dan juga sebagai tambahan pendapatan bagi masyarakat. Tingkat produktivitas Kacang Arbila dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor antara lain: penggunaan varietas unggul‚ kesuburan tanah‚ serta teknik budidayanya. Faktor – faktor ini yang mendorong pertumbuhan Kacang Arbila secara optimal‚ sehingga diperoleh hasil yang maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis terbaik teknik radiasi multigamma yang terdiri dari 5 unsur: Cd-109‚ Co-60‚ Cs-137‚ Mn-54‚ dan Sn-113‚ dalam pengembangan tanaman kacang Arbila lokal tipe menjalar di daerah Camplong‚ dan mengetahui karakteristik fisis unggul hasil radiasi multigamma. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu radiasi multigamma meliputi 8 perlakuan yaitu tanpa radiasi‚ 1000 radiasi‚ 1500 radiasi‚ 2000 radiasi‚ 2500 radiasi‚ 3000 radiasi‚ 3500 radiasi‚ dan 4000 radiasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penggunaan dosis radiasi terbaik untuk tanaman Kacang Arbila lokal adalah 4000 rads. Karakter fisis unggul yang diperoleh meliputi tumbuh lebih cepat‚ tinggi tanaman 2‚65cm‚ umur tanaman lebih singkat73 hst‚ jumlah produksi lebih besar 39‚7 gram dan kandungan protein 33‚43%.

Kata kunci :  Kacang Arbila dan radiasi multigamma.

ABSTRACT

protein content is 33‚ Arbilabean (phaseolus lunatus) is one of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) original leguminosa‚ specially in Fatuleu subdistrick which has important owning role to fulfill human need‚ which has high-grade of owning content of nutriant and also supporting human income. Productivity level of Arbilabean was influenced by many factors‚ for exampls : the usage of pre-eminent varieties‚ fertilities of land and also conservancy tecnique. Those factors were push forward optimal growth of Arbilabean ‚ so that it was obtained maximal crops.  The aim of research is to know the best dose of multigamma radiation tecnique wich consists of 5 elemens : Cd-109‚ Co-60‚ Cs-137‚ Mn-54‚ and Sn-113 for development local Arbilabean on creep type in Camplong area and to know pre-aminent physical characteristic by multigamma radition. The method used in this research was multigamma radiation‚ coverred 8 treatments i-e : without rads‚ 1000 rads‚ 1500 rads‚ 2000 rads‚ 2500 rads‚ 3000 rads‚ 3500 rads‚and  4000 rads. The result of this research was indicated that using the best dose of radiation for the crops of local Abilabean is 4000 rads. Physical characteristic pre-eminent wich obtained cover to grow quckly was high 2‚65 cm‚ crops age is briefer 73 day after cultivation (dac)‚high of total production is 39‚7gram and 43%.

Keywords: local Arbilabean and multigamma radiation.
PENENTUAN CELAH ENERGI OPTIK EKSTRAK DAUN ALPUKAT (PERSEA AMERICANA MILL) ASAL DESA OINLASI MENGGUNAKAN METODE TAUC PLOT
Authors: Missa Magdalena M. Y. , Pingak Redi K. , Sutaji Hadi Imam
Published: August 2019

Abstrak

Telah ditentukan celah energi optik ekstrak daun alpukat (Persea Americana Mill) asal Desa Oinlasi menggunakan metode Tauc plot. Penentuan nilai celah energi ditentukan untuk 3 kemungkinan jenis transisi yaitu direct transition, indirect transition, dan direct forbidden transition. Berdasarkan perhitungan menggunakan metode Tauc plot, celah energi rata-rata yang diperoleh untuk masing-masing transisi secara berturut-turut adalah 1,834 eV, 1,829 eV, dan 1,835 eV. Berdasarkan nilai celah energi senyawa hasil ekstrak daun alpukat dapat dikelompokkan sebagai bahan semikonduktor. Oleh karena itu, disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun alpukat berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan alternatif piranti elektronik.

Kata kunci : Daun alpukat, celah energi, semikonduktor, Tauc plot

Abstract

A study on determination optical energy gap of avocado leaves extract (Persea Americana Mill) from Oinlasi Village using Tauc plot method has been done. Determination of energy gap value was done for 3 possible transition types : direct transition, indirect transition, and direct forbidden transition. Based on calculations using Tauc plot method, energy gap average obtained for each transition are 1,834 eV, 1,829 eV, and 1,835 eV, respectively. Based on this energy gap value, the compound of avocado leaves extract can be categorized as a semiconducting material. Therefore, it can be concluded that avocado leaves extract has the potential to be used as alternative materials in electronic devices.

Keywords : avocado leaves, energy gap, semiconductor, Tauc plot
INVESTIGASI KANDUNGAN RADIOISOTOP DALAM SAMPEL SUMBER MATA AIR DI DESA LALETEN KECAMATAN WELIMAN KABUPATEN MALAKA
Authors: Inacio Pascoleta , Johannes Albert Zicko , Pasangka Bartholomeus
Published: August 2019

Abstrak

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk memeriksa kandungan radioisotop dalam sampel sumber mata air di Desa Laleten Kecamatan Weliman Kabupaten Malaka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan interval dan tingkat aktivitas jenis massa kandungan radioisotop dari sumber air minum lokal dan kemudian dibandingkan dengan standar untuk tingkat kontaminasi dan standar ambang batas dosis radiasi yang diperbolehkan untuk persyaratan air minum (Permenkes RI). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan metode sampling. Sampel dari lapanga dipanaskan dan dikeringkan di laboratorium setelah itu dicacah menggunakan alat Detektor Geiger Muller dalam jangka waktu 5 menit. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan interval aktivitas jenis massa  dari sampel adalah 2,363 × 10-5 μCi/gram sampai dengan 9,455 × 10-5 μCi/gram. Tingkat kontaminasi radioisotop di lokasi penelitian tergolong daerah kontaminasi radiasi alpha sedang dan radiasi beta rendah. Sedangkan air  yang bersumber dari mata air weliman tidak layak digunakan sebagai air minum berdasarkan standar Permenkes RI.

Kata kunci: Radioisotop, Aktivitas Jenis Massa, Daerah Kontaminasi, Dosis Radiasi, Air.

Abstract

[Title: Please Type Title of Article in English in here and Bold formated] Research has been conducted to examine the radioisotope content in spring water samples in Laleten Village, Weliman District, Malaka Regency. This study aims to determine the interval and the level of mass specific activity of radioisotope content from local drinking water sources and then compared with the standard for contamination levels and the standard for radiation dose thresholds allowed for drinking water requirements (Permenkes RI).The method used in this study is the sampling method. Samples from the fields are heated and dried in the laboratory after which they are counted using a Geiger Muller Detector for 5 minutes. The results of this study indicate the interval of mass specific activity from the sample is 2.363 × 10-5 μCi / gram up to 9.455 × 10-5 μCi / gram. The level of radioisotope contamination at the study site was classified as a medium-alpha radiation and low- beta radiation contamination area. Whereas water sourced from Weliman spring is not suitable for use as drinking water based on the Permenkes RI standard.

Keywords: Radioisotopes,  Mass Specific Activities, Contamination Areas, Water, Radiation Doses.
OTOMATISASI SISTEM KONTROL pH DAN INFORMASI SUHU PADA AKUARIUM MENGGUNAKAN ARDUINO UNO DAN RASPBERRY PI 3
Authors: Barus Eltra E. , Pingak Redi K. , Louk Andreas Christian
Published: August 2019

ABSTRAK

Telah dirancang sebuah sistem otomatisasi kontrol kadar pH dan informasi suhu. Kadar pH di ukur dengan menggunakan sensor pH E-201-C dan suhu di ukur dengan sensor DS18B20. Proses kontrol pH di lakukan dengan menambahkan cairan pH up dan pH down dan direalisasikan dengan katup solenoid. Tujuan pembuatan sistem ini adalah untuk mengontrol nilai pH air dalam akuarium dan memberi informasi tentang suhu air. Ke dalam sistem ini telah diinput nilai standar pH dan suhu pada masing-masing jenis ikan. Sistem ini akan bekerja secara otomatis untuk menyesuaikan lingkungan hidup ikan hias sesuai dengan kebutuhannya masing-masing. Sistem pengontrolan pH dapat bekerja apabila nilai pengukuran pH menyatakan kondisi pH tinggi atau pH rendah dan pada kondisi tersebut air akan mengalir ke tabung penyesuaian pH untuk melakukan kontrol. Apabila nilai pengukuran pH menyatakan bahwa pH tinggi maka cairan Kontrol pH down akan mengalir dan apabila nilai pengukuran pH menyatakan bahwa pH rendah maka cairan kontrol pH up akan mengalir. Sistem ini telah teruji mampu mempertahankan kondisi lingkungan hidup ikan hias dengan hasil pengukuran pH dan suhu adalah 7.48 -7.8 dan 28.87 – 29.55 0C.

Kata kunci: Sensor pH E-201-C, Sensor DS18B20, pH down, pH up 

ABSTRACT

An automated control system of pH value and temperature monitoring of an aquarium had been designed. For pH value measurement, E -201C type pH sensor had been used, while the temperature monitoring is done using DS18620 one wire temperature sensor. Controlling processing of pH is done by adding liquid of pH up and pH down and realized with solenoid valve. The aim is to control pH value of water in aquarium and giving information about temperature monitoring. This system had been inputted standard pH value and temperature to all variant of fishes. It works systematically to adapt on environment of the fishes by the needs. The system is able to work well if the controlling of pH value showed the condition up or down and water is able to flow to adapter tube. if the value shows that the pH is high then controlling liquid of pH up will be flowing while if pH is low then pH down will be flowing. This system had been tested to maintain the environment condition of fishes and showed by measuring of pH and temperature is 7.48 – 7.8  and 28.87– 29.55 0C.

Keywords: Sensor pH E – 201, Sensr DS18B20, pH down, pH up.
ANALISIS POTENSI PASIR TABLOLONG DAN PASIR KOKA SEBAGAI SUMBER SILIKA MENGGUNAKAN UJI XRF DAN XRD
Authors: Pingak Redi K. , Johannes Albert Z. , Lapono Laura A. S.
Published: August 2019

Abstrak

Silika memiliki banyak aplikasi sehingga penelitian tentang sintesis silika dari bahan alam yang praktis dan murah sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Dari warnanya, pasir Tablolong dan pasir Koka adalah dua pasir alam di NTT yang diduga mengandung silika dengan kemurnian yang cukup tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kandungan awal silika dalam pasir Tablolong dan pasir Koka untuk mengetahui potensi kedua pasir alam ini sebagai penghasil silika dengan kemurnian yang tinggi. Sampel pasir Tablolong dan Koka dambil dan dibersihkan, dicuci dengan akuades, kemudian dikeringkan pada suhu 150 0C selama 8 jam untuk menghilangkan kadar airnya. Sampel kemudian dihaluskan menggunakan mortar selama 30 menit dan disaring menggunakan ayakan 100 mesh. Sampel pasir Tablolong dan Koka ini kemudian diuji XRF dan XRD. Berdasarkan uji XRF, diperoleh kandungan silika dalam pasir Tablolong adalah 34,04% dan pasir Koka sebesar 38,91% dan merupakan senyawa oksida dengan kandungan terbanyak kedua dalam pasir setelah CaO. Hasil uji XRD juga bersesuaian dengan hasil uji XRF, dimana fase dominan dalam pasir Tablolong dan Koka adalah fase kalsit CaCO3 dan fase dominan kedua adalah fase quartz SiO2. Berdasarkan kedua hasil ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pasir dari kedua lokasi ini berpotensi sebagai penghasil silika dengan kemurnian tinggi. Oleh karena itu, dapat disarankan untuk mensintesis silika dari kedua lokasi ini menggunakan metode-metode sintesis yang umum seperti metode kopresipitasi dan metode alkali-fusion.

Kata kunci: pasir Tablolong, pasir Koka, silika, XRF, XRD

Abstract

Silica has many applications and therefore research on synthesis of silica from natural resources is important. From their colors, sand from Tablolong dan Koka beach in NTT could have silica with high purity. The aim of the research is to determine silica content in sand from Tablolong and Koka beach to know the potential of the two beaches as silica sources. Sand from the two locations was cleaned, washed and dried at 150 0C for 8 hours. It was then milled for 30 minutes and filtered using 100 mesh filter. After that, it was characterised using XRF and XRD. From the XRF results, silica content in pasir Tablolong was about 34,04% and 38,91% in pasir Koka and was the second largest in terms of compound content, only smaller in percentage than CaO. XRD also confirmed the XRF results, where the dominant phases in the sand were calcite CaCO3 and quartz SiO2. From these results, it can be concluded that sand from Tablolong and Koka beach have potential as natural sources of silica with high purity. Therefore, synthesis of silica with well-known methods such as coprecipitation and alkali-fusion from the two locations is recommended.

Keywords: Tablolong sand, Koka sand, silica, XRF, XRD
OTOMATISASI SISTEM BUKA-TUTUP ATAP RUMAH TELESKOP DAN PENGONTROL KELEMBABAN UDARA MENGGUNAKAN RASPBERRY PI 3
Authors: Dona Melkianus , Louk Andreas Christian , Tanesib Jehunias L.
Published: August 2019

Abstrak

Telah dirancang suatu sistem otomatisasi untuk buka tutup atap rumah serta pengontrol kelembaban udara menggunakan Raspberry Pi 3, motor DC, SHT30, limit switch, Fan dan Solenoid door lock. Tujuan utama dari perancangan sistem ini ialah untuk merancang sebuah sistem otomatisasi buka tutup atap rumah teleskop dan pengontrol kelembaban udara yang ada di dalam rumah teleskop. Sistem ini bekerja ketika mendapat input perintah dari user baik untuk membuka atap, menutup atap, maupun mengukur dan mengontrol suhu dan kelembaban di dalam rumah teleskop. Saat mendapat perintah buka atau tutup maka relay akan aktif sehingga motor akan membuka ataupun menutup atap. Demikian juga saat pengontrolan suhu dan kelembaban SHT akan mengukur suhu dan kelembaban dan hasil pengukurannya akan ditampilkan pada LCD ( Layar Monitor). Sistem otomatisasi  ini dapat bekerja dengan baik seperti yang diharapkan, baik dalam hal membuka dan menutup atap serta pengontrolan Suhu dan Kelembaban.

Kata Kunci : Raspberry pi3, Sensor SHT30, Python, Motor DC.

Abstract

It has designed an automation system to open the roof cover and air humidity controller using Raspberry Pi 3, DC motor, SHT30, limit switch, Fan and Solenoid door lock. The main purpose of the design of this system is to design an open roof telescope automation system and the air humidity control that is inside the telescope house. This system works when it gets input commands from the user either to open the roof, cover the roof, or measure and control the temperature and humidity inside the telescope home. When getting the command open or close the relay will be active so that the motor will open or close the roof. Similarly, when controlling the temperature and humidity of the SHT will measure the temperature and humidity and the measurement results will be displayed on the LCD (Monitor Screen). This automation system works well as expected, both in terms of opening and closing the roof and controlling Temperature and Humidity.

Keywords: Raspberry pi3, Sensor SHT30, Python, DC Motor.
APLIKASI PENGINDERAAN JAUH DAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFI UNTUK PEMETAAN DAERAH BERPOTENSI TSUNAMI DI KABUPATEN KUPANG PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Rumaal Lidia Agustina , Tanesib Jehunias L. , Tarigan Jonshon
Published: August 2019

Abstrak

Telah dilakukan pemetaan daerah rawan tsunami berdasarkan estimasi waktu tiba gelombang dan tutupan lahan di Kabupaten Kupang Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur menggunakan aplikasi Penginderaan Jauh dan Sistem Informasi Geografi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, memetakan daerah rawan tsunami dan tingkat kerawanannya menurut estimasi waktu tiba gelombang dan tutupan lahan sebagai upaya mitigasi dampak bencana tsunami terhadap kepadatan penduduk. Metode penelitian secara umum dibagi dalam empat tahap utama yaitu pembangunan basis data berupa pembuatan peta tutupan lahan, peta gempa dan peta batimetri. Analisis data kerawanan dari peta tutupan lahan dan etimasi waktu tiba gelombang, penyajian hasil data dalam bentuk tingkat kerawanan masing-masing peta dan analisis hasil penelitian berupa tingkat kerawanan secara kualitatif masing-masing daerah titik pantau menurut peta tutupan lahan maupun estimasi waktu tiba gelombang. Selain itu, dampak kerawanan tsunami diklasifikasikan menurut tingkat kepadatan penduduk untuk kebutuhan mitigasi sebagai berikut Kecamatan Kupang Timur, Kupang Barat, Sulamu, Amfoang Timur, Semau, Semau Selatan, Amfoang Utara, Amfoang Barat Daya, Amfoang Barat Laut dan Fatuleu Barat.

Kata kunci : Peta rawan tsunami, Penginderaan Jauh, Sistem Informasi Geografi, Estimasi Waktu Tiba Gelombang 

Abstract

Mapping of hazard tsunami areas based on estimation of arrival time of wave and land cover in Kupang Regency of East Nusa Tenggara Province using remote sensing application and geographic information system has been done. The  aims of this research are to mapping the hazard tsunami area and tsunami vulnerability level in Kupang Regency East Nusa Tenggara according to the estimated arrival time of the wave and land cover as an effort to mitigate the impact of the tsunami disaster on population density. These generally devided into four main phase namely development of database in the form of land cover map , seismic maps and bathymetry maps, data analysis of research results in the form of qualitative vulnerability of each monitoring area according to land cover map and estimated wave arrival time. Presentation of data results in the form of vulnerability level of each map and analysis and results analysis of research the form of vulnerability level of each map and analysis of research results in the form of qualitative vulnerability of each monitoring area according to land cover map and estimated wave arrival time. And then, the impact of tsunami vulnerability is classified according to population density levels for mitigation needs as follows Kupang Timur, Kupang Barat, Sulamu, Amfoang Timur, Semau, Semau Selatan, Amfoang Utara, Amfoang Barat Daya, Amfoang Barat Laut and Fatuleu Barat.

Keywords: Tsunami Hazard Map, Remote Sensing, Geographic Information System, Estimated Time of arrival Wave
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN BAHAN AJAR BERBASIS KONTEKSTUAL TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP FISIKA SISWA MATERI SUHU DAN KALOR
Authors: Astiti Kadek Ayu , Yusuf Yusniati H. Muh.
Published: August 2019

Abstrak

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian pretest-posttest control group design.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) Mengetahui apakah penggunaan bahan ajar berbasis kontekstual berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan pemahaman konsep fisika siswa; (2) Mengetahui peningkatan pemahaman konsep fisika siswa yang diajar menggunakan bahan ajar berbasis kontekstual lebih tinggi dari pemahaman konsep siswa yang diajar tanpa menggunakan bahan ajar berbasis kontekstual. Sampel penelitian ini adalah kelas eksperimen XI IPA 7 dan kelas kontrol XI IPA 8 dengan jumlah siswa masing-masing kelas sebanyak 30 orang di SMA N 2 Kupang. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh bahwa penggunaan bahan ajar memiliki pengaruh untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi suhu dan kalor dengan nilai efek sebesar 70,1% dimana diperoleh nilai t = 2,704 dan sig = 0,009  pada kolom equal variances assumed dan variansi pada kedua kelas adalah sama atau homogen (F = 0,027; sig = 0,869).

Kata Kunci: Bahan ajar kontekstual, Pemahaman konsep, Materi suhu dan kalor

Abstract

[The Effect of Using Contextual Teaching Materials on Increasing Understanding of the Concept of Student Physics Temperature and Heat Material]. This research is an experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design research design. The purpose of this study was to: (1) Determine whether the use of contextual-based teaching materials has an effect on increasing the understanding of students' physics concepts; (2) Knowing the increasing understanding of students 'physics concepts taught using contextual-based teaching materials is higher than students' understanding of concepts taught without using contextual-based teaching materials. The sample of this study was the experimental class XI IPA 7 and control class XI IPA 8 with 30 students in each class at Kupang N 2 SMA. The results obtained that the use of teaching materials has an influence to improve students' conceptual understanding of material temperature and heat with an effect value of 70.1% which obtained the value of t = 2.704 and sig = 0.009 on the equal variances assumed column and the variance in the two classes is the same or homogeneous (F = 0.027; sig = 0.869)

Keywords: contextual teaching materials, understanding of concepts, temperature and heat material
EVALUATION OF SENSITIVITY TO DISINFECTANTS OF COAGULASE-NEGATIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI CIRCULATING IN CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL
Authors: Belyaeva E.V. , Ermolina G.B. , Shkurkina I.S. , Boriskina E.V. , Kryazhev D.V.
Published: August 2019

We researched the sensitivity to disinfectants and the ability to form a biofilm of coagulase-negative staphylococci circulating in a children’s hospital in Nizhny Novgorod. It is shown that the most common resistance to disinfectants and a high degree of biofilm formation was observed in S. haemolyticus cultures. A comparison of testing sensitivity to the Avansept disinfectant planktonic cells of coagulase-negative staphylococci and the same strains in the form of a biofilm was performed. It was found that the resistance to «Advance» significantly increases in strains grown in the form of biofilm compared with plankton cultures.
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE MECHANISMS OF UROGENITAL MYCOPLASMAS
Authors: Kolesnikova E.A. , Brusnigina N.F. , Grigor’eva G.I.
Published: August 2019

Urogenital mycoplasmas (Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma spp.) currently prevail in the etiology of infections of the urogenital tract and are characterized by a high level of genetic polymorphism responsible for the occurrence of their antibiotic resistance. The review presents the data of domestic and foreign researchers on the resistance mechanisms of mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas to antibiotics and considers the acquisition by mycoplasmas of antibiotic resistance determinants. New knowledge of resistance mechanisms is important theoretical basis for improving measures to limit and prevent the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria.
EFFECT OF MEASLES VACCINE ON MATURATION OF HUMAN DENDRITIC CELLS IN VITRO
Authors: Talaev V.Yu. , Babaikina O.N. , Talaeva M.V. , Voronina E.V. , Zaichenko I.E.
Published: August 2019

The most important means of measles control is live measles vaccine, the high epidemiological effectiveness of which is confirmed by half a century of its use. There is a question of the need to further improve the effectiveness of vaccine prophylaxis, in particular, by increasing the immunogenicity of the used vaccine given the increase in the morbidity of measles in recent years. Investigation of effect features of existing vaccine variants is necessary to identify possible ways to increase their immunogenicity. We investigated the effect of measles culture live vaccine on the maturation of human dendritic cells – the most specialized antigen-presenting cells involved in the induction of an immune response. In vitro incubation of monocytic derived immature dendritic cells with the vaccine initiates the process of their partial maturation, which is manifested in an increase in the number of cells carrying molecules CD86, CD83 and ICOSL (CD275).At the same time they have a reduced expression level of the HLA-DR molecule and chemokine receptors CCR7 and CXCR5 involved in the migration of dendritic cells to peripheral lymphoid organs. In our opinion, the relative weak side of measles vaccine effect on dendritic cell maturation is a factor limiting the immunogenicity of the vaccine, which must be taken into account when developing new measles vaccines.
Resolving the Conflict between Mining and Sustainability
Authors: Manning David A. C.
Published: August 2019

Mining is essential for human health and prosperity, and is increasing as the global populationgrows. The need for minerals appears to conflict with what is commonly understood as ‘sustainability’,as geological resources are non-renewable on a human timescale. However, the Brundtland definition of sustainability includes the concept of ‘needs’, implying that there has to be a balanced approach thatconsiders poverty alleviation. It identifies the three pillars of sustainability: economic, social and environmental.In the UK, mining has a legacy extending back over 6000 years. The approach taken to sustainability will be illustrated by 3 examples from northern England. In the 18thand 19thcenturies, the London Lead Company was directed by members of the Religious Society of Friends, and hadsocial sustainability as a high priority, building a village with facilities to promote physical, mental and spiritual healthamongst the mining community. The legacy of this company’s mining operations on river water pollution is currently a major problem, reflecting its lackof knowledge of geochemistry.Potash mining started in North Yorkshire in the 1960s, and now there are plans for a new potash mine within the North York Moors National Park.Over 1 km deep, the new mine is planned to be as invisible as possible. Open pit coal mining takes place as part of aconstruction operation in city centreNewcastle, and in nearbyrural locations. Operators take great care to minimize their impact on local populations, adaptingequipment and making sure operations are timed to minimize disturbance.In the UK, one key characteristic of a successful mining operation is that it engages in dialogue with the local community.It is important to involve the community right from the start of planning a mine, even before its location has been finalized. Operators typically have a community fund, and this can be approached by local people to pay for resources that benefit the community, such as sports equipment and facilities. Mining companies need to have a clear plan for restoration, with dates, and some take the opportunity to plan major works of public art as a way of enriching the community with a legacy that can generate income through tourism.
Locating “Climate Justice” within a National Context
Authors: Leonard Rebeca , Chomthongdi Jacques-Chai
Published: August 2019

Many explorations of climate justice have focused on the international sphere, centring attention on the historical responsibilities of industrialised nations for the reductionof greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the financing of climate change policies,the imbalance in geopolitical power that has influenced and stalled decisions at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), and the structural changes needed as the world re-thinks development. This article presents a discussion of articulations of climate justice in a national context, exploring the case of Thailand, a middle-income country with a fast growing economy and a high trajectory of increasing emissions, but not listed in Annex 1 of the UNFCCC. These articulations are grouped and discussed within a framework of justice amongst people, justice to a place, and justice through time. A more comprehensive consideration of climate justice at the national level could point Thailand towards substantially different approaches in the short, medium and long term, than those currently being implemented to address the climate crisis.
Removal of Nitrate by Bimetallic Copper-nanoscale Zero-valent Iron (Cu-nZVI): Using 2k Full Factorial Design
Authors: Krasae Nalinee , Wantala Kitirote , Tantriratna Puek , Grisdanurak Nurak
Published: August 2019

Enhanced nitrate reduction of nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) by Cu prepared by impregnation method was studied in this work. Using a full factorial design, the performance of nZVI with and without Cu on surface in acidic and neutral conditions was investigated. Static batch reactor was selected in this study to investigate the effects of the independent variables such as catalysts (nZVI with and without Cu), initial pH of solutions (3, 7), and reaction times (10, 30 min). The results found that nitrate removal over Cu-nZVI was greater than that of nZVI by about 37% and 36% at pH 3 and pH 7 for 30 min, respectively. Both catalysts were effective in removing nitrate under acidic conditions (pH 3). Thus, this study concludes that nZVI can enhance the performance by Cu in nitrate removal. Moreover, acidic conditions were more effective than neutral conditions in removing nitrate.
Silicate as the Probable Causative Agent for the Periodic Blooms in the Coastal Waters of South Andaman Sea
Authors: Raji Karthik , Muthuraj Arun Kumar , Padmavati Gadi
Published: August 2019

Periodic algal blooms of three diatom species such as Coscinodiscus centralis, Rhizosolenia alata andRhizosolenia imbricata were observedduringSeptember 2011, December 2011 and March 2012 in the coastal waters of South Andaman Sea at Junglighat bay area (11° 39 N and 92° 43 E). The blooms were intense, with Coscinodiscus at aconcentration of 89,000 cells mL-1(contributing 85 to 98% to the total phytoplanktonpopulation), Rhizosolenia alataat a concentration of 13,000 cellsmL-1(86-93%) and Rhizosolenia imbricata at aconcentration of 19,000 cells. mL-1(91-99%). Nutrients, most importantly nitrate and silicate have emerged as the key factors controlling phytoplankton growth in this area.
Environmental and Economic of Flooring Building Materials
Authors: Tikul Nachawit
Published: August 2019

Green building design requires use of building materials that minimize environmental impact, necessitating selection of building materials by their environmental profile as well as economic cost-benefit considerations. The objective of this research is to determine the environmental impacts per square meter of three flooring materials; ceramic tiles, marble tiles, andparquet produced in Thailand. Life cycle cost (LCC) of the three materials are determined and compared. The study finds that ceramic tiles cause the greatest environmental impact, especially during the material extraction phase. When calculating all costsincurred throughout the life-cycle, the cost of untreated solid wood parquet is highest.
Utilization of Cellular Glass Insulation Waste in Construction Materials
Authors: Buasomboon Thitikorn , Chavalparit Orathai
Published: August 2019

This research investigated the feasibility of using cellular glass insulation waste as fine aggregate in concrete paving block production. The effect of mixing proportions of cellular glass insulation waste at 0-40% by volume was studied. Results show that the amount of cellular glass waste can be used as a substitute for fine aggregate or sand up to 20%. Concrete specimens tested for compressive strength were found to be within an acceptable range of the interlocking concrete blockpavingstandard set byThailand Industrial Standards Institute. The compressive strength at 28 d was 41.50 MPa, with density ranging from 2.18 to 2.20 g cm-3. Thus, recycling of cellular glass wastes forconcrete paving block production can reduce expenditures in purchasing natural aggregates and can minimize environmental impact attributed to solid waste disposal.
Incremental Concentration of Black Carbon Aerosol from Road Traffic in Inner Bangkok
Authors: Suwattiga Panwadee
Published: August 2019

Commonly referred to as soot, black carbon (BC) is a primary aerosol emitted from incomplete combustion of organic materials such as fossil fuels, biofuels and biomass. BC aerosolis a dominant anthropogenic solar radiation absorber, absorbing approximately 1 million times more radiation per unit of mass than CO2. Recent research has found that BC is the second largest anthropogenic contributor to global warming. BC aerosol is not only a short-lived climate forcer (SLCF) but also an air pollutant that adversely affects human health. Emission sources of BC aerosol are mainly residential, industrial, transportation related and/or and open burning sources. In a large city with serious traffic congestion such as Bangkok, vehicles are the most significant source of BC aerosol. The objective of this study is to determine BC concentrations in Bangkok’s ambient air caused by road traffic. BC concentrations in the center ofBangkok city were measured using an aethalometer located on the rooftop of the Department of Environmental Engineering’s five-story-building at Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok. Measurements were carried out in the dry season of January 2013, when atmospheric aerosol concentrations are high. BC concentrations were measured on a 24-hour basis for a continuous 7-d period. The results reveal diurnal variations that follow local traffic patterns. Except on Sundays, diurnal BC patterns were generally bimodal in both mornings andevenings. During weekdays, BC concentrations peaked in the morning at 4.01 μg m-3and in the evening at 3.71 μg m-3, with an average value of 3.08 μg m-3. On Saturdays, BC concentrations peaked in the morning at 2.16 μg m-3and in the evening at 2.24 μg m-3, with an average value of 1.76 μg m-3. On Sundays, BC concentrations showed only small variations throughout the day, ranging from about 0.93 to 1.41 μg m-3, with an average value of 1.16 μg m-3. It can be concluded that the baseline BC concentration inthe inner Bangkok area is approximately 1 microgram per cubic meter. In the present case, contributions to ambient atmospheric BC concentrations from traffic were 3-4 times higher than the baseline concentration, indicating that green transportation is urgently needed to reduce SLCFs and air pollution in Bangkok city.
Perchloroetylene and Dibutyltin Dichloride Removal from Packed Column by Surfactant Solution
Authors: Damrongsiri Seelawut , Tongcumpou Chantra , Sabatini David A.
Published: August 2019

Surfactant enhanced remediation is viewed as a potential method for removing organometallic compounds from contaminated aquifers. Dibutyltin dichloride (DBT), as a representative organometallic compound, was applied in sand packed columns to observe its solubilization behavior compared to that of perchloroetylene (PCE), a normal organic solvent. Ottawa sand was used as the porous media. A mixture of DBT and PCE was applied as the contaminant. The tracer study exhibited the plug flow condition with a retention time of 79.9 min. The surfactant solution was a mixture of 3.6 wt% SDHS and 0.4 wt% C16DPDS with various concentrations of CaCl2.The column experiments were carried out by single and gradient surfactant systems. The effluent exhibited a general solubilization pattern for PCE, governed by a rate limiting mechanism. However, the concentration of DBT in the effluent observed in every experiment was just a slice of its solubilization capacity.The adsorption of DBT on the sand was suspected to be the cause of the problem. The solubilization of DBT by a surfactant was ineffective at removing DBT from the contaminated media. It may be concluded that DBT exhibits the properties of both an organic and inorganic compound; it could be solubilized by a surfactant and absorbed strongly on sand. Nevertheless, the results indicate that trapped DBT could be removed by mobilization in the form of a PCE-DBT mixture and that adsorption could be prevented by a very low pH condition.
Comparing Throughfall and Litterfall Nutrient Fluxes in a Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis willd. muell-arg) Plantation Agro-ecosystem at Ikenne, South-west Nigeria
Authors: Adedeji Oludare H. , Gbadegesin Adeniyi S.
Published: August 2019

This study compares nutrient fluxes (throughfall and litterfall) in a rubber (Hevea brasiliensisWilld. Muell-Arg) plantation agro-ecosystem at Ikenne, SW Nigeria. Throughfallsamples were collected bi-weekly under the rubber canopies (40-, 15-, and 5-year-old) using throughfall funnel collectors with 10 replicates. Litterfall was collected on a monthly basis in the three rubber stands using twenty-four 0.25 m2litter traps (eight replicates in each of the three rubber stands) positioned randomly to estimate total annual litter production (dry biomass)and its main fractions. Throughfall and litterfall samples were analyzed for total nitrogen, sodium, phosphorus, calcium, potassium and magnesium. The annual means of throughfall in the different stands were compared by solution type using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by a post-hoc separation of means by the Scheffe-test (p<0.05).The litterfall data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance based on the representative of 12 months. The results revealed a clear pattern of increased levels of base cations and fluxesof throughfall compared to those occurring in precipitation. Fluxes of Ca2+in throughfallare typically 1.5-2 times greater than those occurring in rainfall. Among the rubber stands, fluxes of K+are also greater in throughfall, consistent with previous studies. The enrichment of elements in throughfallhas been ascribed to the dissolution andwashout of atmospheric materials deposited on the canopy.Comparison of total annual litterfall nutrient budgets show that the 15-year-old rubber stand was cycling more Mg2+, N, Na+, K+, P, and Ca2+in litterfall than the 40-and 5-year-old rubber stands.
The Challenge of Promoting Greater Use of Economic Instruments in Thailand: Lessons Learned from the Draft Act on Economic Instruments for Environmental Management
Authors: Vassanadumrongdee Sujitra , Manomaivibool Panate
Published: August 2019

Current policies and plans geared toward green growth/green economy emphasize the greater use of economic instruments. This paper reviews the past and current application of economic instruments (EIs) in environmental management in Thailand. Insights gained from documentary research indicate that EIs such as product taxes through collection of excise taxes have been relatively effective, whilst user charges for solid waste and waste water treatment have been found to be unsuccessful in Thailand. Lessons learned from the draft Act on Economic Instruments for Environmental Management indicate several institutional constraints towards the extensive application of EIs. This paper provides some suggestions to overcome these challenges includinginstitutional reforms, an appropriate mix of policy instruments, and proactive roles of academiain raising environmental awareness and knowledge of the relevant authorities and the general public which could increase political support for environmental policies and the use of EIs in particular.
Development of GIS Database for Insecticide Usage and Toxicity among Thai Farmers in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand
Authors: Chaikoolvatana Anun , Saengnill Wacharapong , Wongbutdee Jaruwan , Saisingh Nawaporn
Published: August 2019

Widespread use of pesticides in Thai agriculture has led to serious adverse health impacts on users. This study developed a GIS database using the QGIS tool to investigate insecticide usage and toxicity tofarmers in Ubon RatchathaniProvince in northeastern Thailand. Primary data collection involved recording exact locations of residential houses using geographic positioning system (GPS). Secondary dataincluding transport routes, natural and environmental resources, and records of rainfall and ground temperatureswere also collected. The data were integrated asGIS mapping data. Eighteen farmers participated in the study and submitted themselves tomeasurements of cholinesterase (ChE) levels and 2 blood sample collections for comparison with standard ChE levels. Results revealed the GIS database to bean effective tool to capture, store, manage, search, analyze, and represent spatial data and correlate them with insecticide usage. The GIS databaserevealed that ChE levels of volunteers for pre-post-exposure were within normal ranges. Liver enzymes (AST and ALT) were also within normal ranges. Further study should broaden collection of essential data including demographic information and basic knowledge and perceptions of self-protection regarding insecticides. Further evaluation and refining of the GIS databaseapproach arerecommended to improve itseffectiveness as an analytical tool to enhance safe use of pesticides.
Dinoflagellate Bloom Produced by Protoperidinium divergens Response to Ecological Parameters and Anthropogenic Influences in the Junglighat Bay of South Andaman Islands
Authors: Raji Karthik , Padmavati Gadi
Published: August 2019

The bloom-forming dinoflagellate, Protoperidinium divergenshas been linked with coastaleutrophication in tropical and subtropical regions. Moderate to intense harmful algal bloom of dinoflagellates Protoperidinium divergens (33,500 cells. mL-1) was observed during June 2012in Junglighat Bay of Port Blair in South Andaman. Bloom of Protoperidinium divergenswas observed for four days and declined afterwards due to heavy rainfall with low seawater temperature of 24 to 26°C. A total of 63 species and 33 genera were identified. In the present investigation, the following species of phytoplankton and zooplankton were found to be common; phytoplanktonsuch as Amphorasp., Bacteriastrumsp., Chaetocerossp., Coscinodiscussp., Rhizosoleniasp., Gonyaulaxsp., Protoperidinium sp., Pyrophacussp.and zooplankton such as Paracalanussp.,Euterpina sp., fish eggs, Copepod nauplii, Codonella sp. and Tintinnopsis sp. Hydrobiologicalparameters analyzed during and post-bloom showed dissolved oxygen in the range of 2.23 –4.46mg.L-1. Nutrients such as nitrate varied from 0.37-1.118μmol.L-1,nitritefrom 0.37-1.118 μmol.L-1, phosphate (0.10-0.289 μmol.L-1) and silicate (6.22-9.333 μmol.L-1). Anthropogenic activities increased eutrophication in JunglighatBay and led to nutrient enrichment in the watercolumn, although precipitation could also have favoured the outbreak of these dinoflagellates.
The Potential of Social Capital in the Implementation of Payment for Environmental Services in Tawang Retention Pond
Authors: Santosa Edi
Published: August 2019

A high level of space and land utilization in the city of Semarang, Indonesia, has caused degradation of natural resources, both terrestrial and aquatic. In particular, the impact of flooding and high spring tides has worsened over time. Payment for Environmental Services (PES) is now being developed globally as a market-based instrument to attribute value to ecosystem, environmental and social services provided by natural resources, recognizing the value of social capital. Local networks and communities play important roles and have positive impacts on economic welfare and local development. The aim of this study is to analyse the potential of social capital as source of support in implementation of PES in Tawang Retention Pond. This research use mixed methods (both qualitative and quantitative approaches) to produce a more complete pictureby combining and comparing informationfrom different sources.The result shows that the characteristics of the community surrounding Tawang retention pond is included in a type of Bridging Social Capital which is characterized by a sense of spontaneous (reciprocity), mutual trust and social networks such as members of the SHGs (Self-Help Groups) who indulge in the activities of gathering, social funds that bridge the poor to join a self-help community groups. This qualitative result is strengthened by the results of correlation analysis where there is a significant correlation between social capital and PES with a coefficient of 59.5%. Thismeans social capital is potentially an important factor in the application of PES.