bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opportunistic screening for hepatitis C virus infection in an emergency department in Almeria, Spain
Authors: Camelo-Castillo Anny , Jordán Madrid Teresa , Cabezas Fernández Teresa , Rodríguez-Maresca manuel , Duarte Carazo Antonio , Carrodeguas Alba , Medina Diogo , García Federico , Casado-Martín Marta
Published: December 2023

Objetivo. Se estima que la prevalencia de infección activa por el virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) en España es de un 0,2%, pero un gran número de personas desconocen su estado de infección. Por ello, se requiere aumentar las estrategias de diagnóstico precoz dirigidas a población vulnerable y con escaso vínculo con el sistema sanitario. El objetivo es evaluar el impacto de un programa de cribado oportunista del VHC en los pacientes atendidos en el servicio de urgencias (SU) de un hospital universitario. Método. Se realizó un cribado oportunista entre agosto de 2021 y abril de 2023 a los pacientes de 18 a 69 años atendidos en el SU que no se habían realizado la prueba del VHC el año anterior, y que requerían un análisis de sangre dentro de la práctica clínica habitual por cualquier motivo. Resultados. Durante el periodo de estudio se atendieron 110.267 pacientes en el SU, fueron candidatos a realizar el cribado 22.712 (20,6%), y finalmente se realizó una serología frente al VHC a 11.368 pacientes (50,1%). Se identificaron 43 casos (0,4% de los test efectuados) de infección activa por VHC (viremia), de los cuales, 24 (56%) desconocían previamente su estado. La media de edad del total de pacientes virémicos fue de 57 (DE: 6 años), 34 (79,1%) eran hombres y 5 (11,6%) tenían nacionalidades distintas a la española. No se identificaron factores de riesgo relacionados con la infección por VHC en 22 (51,2%) de los pacientes, y 41 (95,3%) habían tenido oportunidades de diagnóstico en visitas previas al sistema de salud. De los 18 pacientes analizados mediante elastografía transitoria, 7 (38,8%) presentaban cirrosis en el momento del diagnóstico. Se logró vincular a la atención médica posterior a 33 (77%) de los pacientes con infección activa. Conclusiones. Las tasas de infección activa por VHC detectadas en el programa de cribado fueron más altas que la prevalencia estimada en la población general. El cribado oportunista de VHC en los SU puede ser de utilidad para aumentar el diagnóstico y debe ser considerado como una herramienta para la eliminación de la hepatitis C.
Models to predict bacteremia in the emergency department: a systematic review
Authors: Julián-Jiménez Agustín , García Darío Eduardo , García de Guadiana-Romualdo Luis , Merinos-Sánchez Graciela , Candel González Francisco Javier
Published: December 2023

Objetivo. La obtención de hemocultivos (HC) se realiza en el 15% de los pacientes atendidos con sospecha de infección en los servicios de urgencias (SU) con una rentabilidad diagnóstica variable (2-20%). La mortalidad a 30 días de estos pacientes con bacteriemia es elevada, doble o triple que el resto con el mismo proceso. Así, encontrar un modelo predictivo de bacteriemia eficaz y aplicable en los SU sería muy importante. Clásicamente, el modelo de Shapiro ha sido la referencia en todo el mundo. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática (RS) es comparar la capacidad para predecir bacteriemia en los SU de los distintos modelos predictivos publicados desde el año 2008 (fecha de publicación del modelo de Shapiro). Métodos. Se realiza una RS siguiendo la normativa PRISMA en las bases de datos de PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Lilacs, Cochrane, Epistemonikos, Tripdatabase y ClinicalTrials.gov desde enero de 2008 hasta 31 mayo 2023 sin restricción de idiomas y utilizando una combinación de términos MESH: “Bacteremia/Bacteraemia/Blood Stream Infection”, “Prediction Model/Clinical Prediction Rule/Risk Prediction Model”, “Emergencies/Emergency/Emergency Department” y “Adults”. Se incluyeron estudios de cohortes observacionales (analíticos de rendimiento diagnóstico). Para valorar la calidad del método empleado y el riesgo de sesgos de los artículos incluidos se utilizó la NewcastleOttawa Scale (NOS). No se incluyeron estudios de casos y controles, revisiones narrativas y en otros tipos de artículos. No se realizaron técnicas de metanálisis, pero los resultados se compararon narrativamente. El protocolo de la RS se registró en PROSPERO (CRD42023426327). Resultados. Se identificaron 917 artículos y se analizaron finalmente 20 que cumplían los criterios de inclusión. Los estudios incluidos contienen 33.182 HC procesados con 5.074 bacteriemias (15,3%). Once estudios fueron calificados de calidad alta, 7 moderada y 2 baja. El ABC-COR conseguida por el modelo de Shapiro varía de 0,71 a 0,83, con sensibilidad (Se) hasta del 98%, con especificidad (Es) (26% a 69%). Para los tres modelos que tienen validación interna y externa y una buena calidad metodológica, el modelo de Lee consigue un ABC-COR de 0,81 con Se: 68% y Es: 81%, el modelo 5MPB-Toledo consigue un ABC-COR entre 0,91 y 0,95, y el MPB-INFURG-SEMES obtiene una ABC-COR de 0,92 con una Se: 97% y Es: 76%. Conclusiones. Los modelos 5MPB-Toledo y MPB-INFURG-SEMES representan herramientas útiles para la estratificación del riesgo real de bacteriemia en los pacientes atendidos en los SU
Application of scar-pattern analysis to the scrapers from the Lower and Middle Paleolithic site of Yarkh Mountain
Authors: Ganbold Margad-Erdene
Published: December 2023

Yarkh mountain is one of the oldest and well-known Paleolithic sites in eastern part of Central Asia. Archaeological material, collected on the surface there, is essential for theoretical and empirical study of the origin and evolution of the Paleolithic at the territory of modern Mongolia. This locality with exposed archaeological material on the surface was discovered in 1969. For the last several decades this occurrence and artefacts, collected there, were not a subject of further investigations and analysis. The new methods, developed for analysis of exposed artefacts as well as significant changes in our knowledge in Lower and Middle Paleolithic allow conducting the new study of Yarkh mountain. In this study about, we use the new method – scar-pattern analysis, applying to the scrapers from Yarkh mountain assemblage. Here we, briefly review the possibilities of scar-pattern analysis application to the artefacts from surface assemblages.

Ярх уулын хянгар зэвсгийн цуулалтын дэс дараалалд хийсэн дүн шинжилгээ

Товчлол. Дундговь аймгийн Гурвансайхан сумын нутагт орших Ярх уулын дурсгал бол Төв Азийн зүүн хэсэгт орших эртний чулуун зэвсгийн үеийн томоохон дурсгалуудын нэг юм. Энэхүү дурсгал бол Монгол нутаг дахь палеолитын үүсэл хөгжлийг судлахад онол практикийн асар их ач холбогдолтой билээ. 1969 онд Монгол-Зөвлөлтийн хамтарсан чулуун зэвсгийн судалгааны анги анх нээн илрүүлсэн байна. Түүнээс хойш уг дурсгалд археологийн хайгуул, малтлага судалгаа хийгдээгүй одоог хүрсэн юм. Сүүлийн жилүүдэд чулуун зэвсгийн судалгаанд дэвшилтэт, шинэ аргууд нэвтэрч эхэлсэн. Үүнтэй уялдан Азийн бүс нутгийн доод палеолитын талаарх судалгааны үзэл санаа эрс өөрчлөгдсөнийг харгалзан Ярх уулын чулуун зэвсгийн дурсгалыг дахин судлах шаардлагатай болсон юм. Тус өгүүлэлд шинээр нэвтэрсэн судалгааны нэг болох цуулалтын дэс дараалал (scar-pattern analysis)-ын дүн шинжилгээний тусламжтай чулуун зэвсгийн үйлдвэрлэлд хэрэглэгдэж байсан арга технологийг нэхэн сэргээж үзэв. Тус арга зүйг ашиглан Ярх уулын дархны газрын чулуун зэвсгийн зарим олдвор хэрэглэгдэхүүнд тулгуурлан хийсэн үр дүнгийн талаар өгүүлж, судалгааны эргэлтэд оруулж байна. Энэхүү арга нь чулуун зэвсгийг ижил төстэй байдлаар харьцуулахгүй харин хэрхэн яаж хийсэн, түүний цуулалтын аргыг нэхэн сэргээхэд оршино. Ярх уулын хянгар зэвсгийн цуулалтын дэс дарааллыг судалснаар задлан шинжилгээний шинэ арга зүйг танилцуулах, цаашид Монголын чулуун зэвсгийн судалгаанд энэ арга зүйг хэрэглэх боломжийн талаар хөндөн авч үзлээ.

Түлхүүр үг. Буган хөшөө, хүрлийн хожуу үе, зосон будаг, зэр зэвсэг
new site of red ochre rock art was discovered from Budar chuluu site and new type stone features were recorded in eastern Mongolia
Authors: Ganbaatar Galdan , Batbold Natsag , Amarbaatar Bolortungalag
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the scientific circulation of the newly discovered ochre painting memorial from the Budar Chuluu site of Ongon soum, Sukhbaatar province, and the numerous monuments recorded during the archaeological exploration in the region in 2020-2021. We have recorded 29 monuments of Ulaanzuukh type and 15 Durvuljin graves related to the earliest period of the region and also discovered and recorded 123 monuments with these two types (Ulaanzuukh type monuments and Durvuljin graves) of monument complexes. This new type of monument often coexists with the Ulaanzuukh grave, and in one case with Durvuljin graves and rock art (red ochre paintings) as a complex. The Budaryn Chuluu site ochre paintings do not have birds and square or round frames, but the composition of the painting contains many short vertical dashed dots, vertical lines such as horses, people, roads, and a man leading horse images are similar types of painting “Selenge”. In this article, we will hypothesize how the rectangular-shaped (“Kharaat” type monument) monument relates to the Ohre painting, then discuss the new monument type’s date, name, and purpose.

Бударын чулууны хадны зосон зургийн шинэ дурсгал ба дорнод монголын нутгаас илэрсэн чулуун байгууламжийн тухай

Товчлол. Энэхүү өгүүлэлд Сүхбаатар аймгийн Онгон сумын Бударын чулуунаас шинээр илрүүлсэн зосон зургийн дурсгалыг шинжлэх ухааны эргэлтэд оруулах, тус бүс нутагт 2020-2021 онд хийсэн археологийн хайгуулын явцад олон тоотой бүртгэгдсэн чулуун байгууламжийн тухай өгүүллээ. Бид тус бүс нутгийн хүрлийн эрт үед холбогдох Улаанзуух хэлбэрийн чулуун байгууламж 29, мөн Дөрвөлжин булш 15-ыг бүртгэснээс гадна энэ 2 төрлийн дурсгалтай цогцолбор болон орших чулуун байгууламж 123-ыг илрүүлэн баримтжуулсан. Чулуун байгууламжууд ихэвчлэн Дөрвөлжин булштай хамт, нэг тохиолдолд Дөрвөлжин булш, хадны зосон зургийн хамт нэг дор цогцолбор болон оршиж байна. Бударын чулууны хадны зураг нь шувуу, дөрвөлжин болон дугуй хүрээ байхгүй боловч зургийн зохиомжид олон тооны богиновтор босоо зураасан цэгүүд, адуу, хүн, зам мэт босоо зураас, морь хөтөлсөн хүн байгаа зэргээрээ “Сэлэнгийн” хэмээх хадны зурагтай ижилсэх ажээ. Энэ өгүүлэлд тэгш өнцөгт хэлбэрийн чулуун байгууламж (“Хараат” хэлбэрийн) нь хадны зосон зурагтай хэрхэн холбогдох, улмаар тухайн дурсгалын он цаг, нэршил, зориулалтын тухай таамгийг дэвшүүллээ.

Түлхүүр үг. Бударын чулуу, зосон зураг, чулуун байгууламж, оршуулгын зан үйл.
Representation of deer riders in Mongolian petroglyphs and their implications
Authors: Tumurbaatar Tuvshinjargal , Damchaabadgar Sodnomjamts
Published: December 2023

While the domestication of some cervids, such as reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), have had a substantial impact on lifeways and societies on Northeast Asian societies would be accurate, there is limited, if any, archaeological evidence for domestication relationships with other cervids such as the Eurasian red deer (Cervus elaphus). This paper investigates a series of deer riding images from petroglyphs found in Mongolia including some other archaeological evidence with deer imagery. Although these petroglyph images are not irrefutable evidence they demonstrate a potential domesticate relationship between deer and humans that has largely been neglected in archaeological research and one which could extend into the past. As absolute dating of petroglyph images is imprecise for certain periods, with the lengthy rock-art tradition in Mongolia, deer domestication could have occurred, but this requires further archaeological investigation. These images represent a first step in temporally locating the domestication of deer species in the area. On the one hand, these deer riding images could be an abstract representation of ritual meaning as deer play prominent roles in ancient belief and shaman customs in this region. However, we suggest here that it is likely indicative that both ancient red and reindeer riding was occurring in Altai and Khangai mountains of Mongolia either a real transport or intended taming for ritual activity.

Хадны зураг дахь буга унаачид юу өгүүлнэ вэ

Товчлол. Зүүн хойд Азийн бүс нутаг орших эртний нүүдэлчдийн аж амьдрал цаа бугын аж ахуйтай салшгүй нягт холбоотой ч анх хэдий үеэс хаана цаа бугыг гаршуулсан цаашлаад халиун бугыг гаршуулж байсан эсэх асуудал нь судалгааны сонирхолтой сэдэв билээ. Чухам үүнийг нэхэн өгүүлэх археологийн баримт хэрэглэгдэхүүн тун хязгаарлагдмал гэж ойлгож болно. Тэр дундаа халиун бугыг гаршуулж, тээвэрт ашиглаж байсан гэх эртний баримт хэрэглэгдэхүүн одоогоор бараг үгүй билээ. Харин энэ удаад бид Монгол орны хадны зургаас илрүүлсэн буга унасан зургийн судалгаанд анхаарал хандуулж улмаар археологийн бусад баримт дээрх буга унасан, тэргэнд хөллөсөн, нуруу ачсан зургуудтай харьцуулан үзэж, хэлэлцүүлэг өрнүүлэхийг зорив. Гэвч хадны зургийн он цаг тогтоох хүндрэлтэй байдлаас үүдэн хэлэлцүүлж буй сэдэвт зургийг тодорхой нарийн цаг үед хамруулж авч үзэхэд бэрхшээлтэй ч хүрлийн үеэс эртний улсуудын үе хүртэлх өргөн цар хүрээнд холбогдох боломжтой. Эдгээр буга унаачдын зургийг аливаа нэгэн зан үйл, үлгэр домгийн утга агуулгатай, хийсвэр дүрслэл хэмээн тайлбарлаж болох ч нөгөө талаар цаа болон халиун бугыг аж ахуй болон зан үйлийн аль нэг хэлбэрээр уналгад ашиглаж байсныг тодорхойлох өнөөгийн Монгол улсын нутгаас олдож буй анхдагч баримтууд хэмээн үзэв.

Түлхүүр үг. Халиун буга, цаа буга, гаршуулалт, буга унах, хадны зураг
case of radioulnar synostosis of Mongolia
Authors: Bayarsaikhan Misheelt , Okazaki Kenji
Published: December 2023

In recent years, studies of ancient humans remain discovered during archaeological excavations have increased in Mongolia and significantly enhanced understanding of the lives and livelihoods of past populations there. The authors investigated one skeleton unearthed from Ulaanbulag macroscopically. This study describes a differential diagnosis of proximal radioulnar fusion seen in a male subadult from Ulaanbulag. This work recognizes the potential relevance of the first reported archaeological instance of congenital radioulnar synostosis (CRUS) in Mongolia and draw attention to this example’s early date.

Монгол нутгаас илэрсэн эртний хүний олдвор дээрх радиоулнар синостозын тохиолдол

Товчлол. Археологийн малтлага судалгаагаар илэрсэн эртний хүний ясны олдворуудыг судлах палеоантропологийн судалгаа сүүлийн жилүүдэд манай улсад эрчимжиж байгаа нь аливаа эртний соёлыг тээгчдийн амьдрал ахуйн талаарх ойлголтыг нэмэгдүүлэхэд зохих хувь нэмрийг оруулж байна. Энэхүү өгүүлэлд Сэлэнгэ аймгийн Ерөө сумын Улаанбулагаас илэрсэн хүүхдийн ясны олдвороос ажиглагдах богтос шуу 2 ясны нийлэгжилтийг өөр өөр оношоор тайлбарлана. Энэхүү өгүүлэл нь Монголоос илэрч буй төрөлхийн радиоулнар синостозын (CRUS) анхны тохиолдлын ач холбогдлыг таньж мэдэх, энэ жишээний эрт үед анхаарал хандуулах зорилготой юм.

Түлхүүр үг: Хүннү, Радиоулнар синостоз, төрөлхийн радиоулнар синостоз, палеопаталоги, Монгол, Хүннү
Mongol empire period cementry at Dood Tsakhir mountain
Authors: Sosorbaram Khurelsukh , Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan , Gelegdorj Eregzen , Miller Alicia Ventresca , Clark Julia , Miller Byran , Chinbold Bayandelger , Ravdanbat Erdenetsetseg
Published: December 2023

In the recent years intensive archaeological research was done in the Darkhad depression of Northern Mongolia, yielding significant discoveries from the Mongol period, particularly noble burials. Despite rampant looting, several archaeological endeavors have successfully rescued and preserved a substantial number of crucial artifacts. The ongoing research aims to determine the design technology, purpose, and contextual significance of these artifacts, examining the stone mounded tombs of the Mongol period across a wide geographical scope and analyzing the unique characteristics of each local region.This article presents preliminary findings from the study, focusing on the Mongol tombs at the Dood Tsahir mountain within the territory of Renchinlkhumbe Sum, Khuvsgul aimag, located approximately 30 km northeast of the Khorig Mountain. Despite the challenges posed by aggressive looting, the archaeological efforts have not only salvaged important artifacts but also initiated a new chapter in our understanding of the Mongol period in Northern Mongolia.

Доод Цахир уулын Монголын эзэнт гүрний үеийн оршуулгын газар

Товчлол. Монгол орны умард бүс нутаг Дархадын хотгорт сүүлийн жилүүдэд археологийн судалгаа эрчимтэй хийгдэж, эндээс Монголын үеийн булш оршуулгын, тэр дундаа язгууртны булшинд хамаарах дурсгалууд илэрсэн нь энэ чиглэлийн судалгаанд “шинэ хуудас” нээсэн чухал үйл явдал болсон юм. Эндхийн булшийг тонуулчид толгой дараалан тоносон хэдий ч хэд хэдэн удаа явуулсан авран хамгаалах судалгааны үр дүнгээр олон тооны эд өлгийн олон зүйл илэрсэн ба тэдгээрийн заримынх нь хийц технологи, үүрэг зориулалтыг тодорхойлох, цаашлаад монголын үеийн чулуун дараастай булшны байршлыг өргөн хүрээнд харах, бүс нутгийн хүрээнд онцлог байдлыг нь тодорхойлох зэрэг асуудлыг авч үзэх шаардлагатайг харуулдаг. Энэ удаа Хориг уулаас зүүн хойш 30-аад км зайд байрлах Доод Цахир уулын бүлэг булшны судалгааны урьдчилсан үр дүн, энэ бүс нутгийн монгол булшны онцлогийн талаар өгүүлэв.
TikTok y la caricaturización de la violencia en las relaciones de parejas adolescentes
Authors: Civila Sabina , De Casas Moreno Patricia , García Rojas Antonio Daniel , Hernando Gómez Ángel
Published: December 2023

La violencia en las relaciones de pareja se reconoce en la actualidad como un problema social de gran trascendencia. Entre los y las adolescentes puede ser especialmente preocupante debido a la falta de experiencia en el ámbito de las relaciones amorosas y la influencia de los mitos románticos. La creciente popularidad de TikTok y sus posibilidades creativas pueden tener un gran impacto en la percepción de los jóvenes sobre este tema. Como consecuencia, esto provoca la normalización de las relaciones tóxicas y, por ende, puede tener un efecto negativo en las relaciones románticas. Por lo tanto, el presente artículo analiza los discursos en TikTok sobre la normalización de los comportamientos abusivos en las relaciones de pareja. Para ello, se han examinado un total de 328 vídeos publicados bajo los hashtags #eltoxico y #latoxica en esta plataforma. Se ha empleado el análisis temático como herramienta de estudio cualitativa. Los resultados muestran que los usuarios de TikTok comparten contenidos que representan de manera exagerada y dramática las relaciones tóxicas y que enfatizan los comportamientos destructivos como el control, el abuso y la manipulación emocional. Además, se observa una tendencia a romantizar la toxicidad y a normalizarla a través de la humorización y la banalización de las conductas negativas. Estos patrones pueden influir en la percepción sobre lo que es una relación saludable y provocar la tolerancia de comportamientos violentos en el futuro por parte de la sociedad.
Presentation
Authors: Analisi Revista , Aguaded Ignacio
Published: December 2023

Introduction to monograph núm. 69.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING TEHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PEKERJAAN DASAR TEKNIK MESIN KELAS X dan XI DI SMK NEGERI 10 MAKASSAR
Authors: Z Muhsin , Adam Asma , Mustapa Asriadi
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu yang bertujuan untuk  mengetahui adanya pengaruh model  Discovery Learning terhadap hasil belajar pekerjaan dasar teknik mesin kelas X dan XI SMK Negeri 10 Makassar. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan posttest-only contol group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X Teknik Mesin sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI sebagai kelas kontrol SMK Negeri 10 Makassar. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah model discovery learning dan variabel terikat pada penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar peserta didik kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol.Berdasarkan analisis deskriptif yang diperoleh, nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen yaitu 58, sedangkan nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh kelas kontrol yaitu 72. Hasil pengujian mengungkapkan bahwa penggunakan model discovery learning tidak berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar pekerjaan dasar teknik mesin peserta didik kelas X Teknik Mesin SMK Negeri 10 Makassar.
A STUDY ON SiC SUSCEPTOR CONFIGURATION FOR MICROWAVE HYBRID HEATING
Authors: Ngamkiatpaisan Akawat , Hankoy Montree , Kitiwan Mettaya , Keawprak Nittaya , Tunthawiroon Phacharaphon
Published: December 2023

Microwave hybrid heating (MHH) is a novel method to enhance ceramic sintering at high temperatures. The heating mechanism by MHH involves two directions of heat transfer for materials: microwaves heat the sample from the inside out, while the susceptor provides conventional heating from the outside. This unique heating mechanism offers several advantages, including uniform heating, rapid sintering, and enhanced microstructure and properties of materials. This study investigates the configuration of silicon carbide (SiC) susceptors for microwave hybrid heating. The microwave oven (multi-mode, 2.45 GHz, 1.2 kW) was modified with a ceramic insulator housing to maintain the temperature in the chamber. The effects of different configurations of SiC susceptors and microwave powers on the heating rate and maximum temperature were investigated. SiC susceptor plates were placed in the microwave oven using 3 different configurations, and for each condition, the microwave power was varied at 40, 60, 80, and 100% (480, 720, 960, and 1,200 W). The temperature in the microwave chamber was recorded until it reached 900°C or after 30 min of heating. Using two plates of SiC susceptor at 100 % power resulted in the highest heating rate of 62°C/min to reach 925°C. The results of this study offer guidance for the selection of appropriate heating conditions for individual ceramic materials, which can lead to more effective sintering processes.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK PELAKU TERORISME DI INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Authors: Lowing Fenia S.G. , Emma V.T Senewe  , Devy K.G Sondakh
Published: December 2023

Children of terrorism cannot be considered as perpetrators of crimes, but victims of crime, victims of terrorism networks, victims of doctrine, exploitation of thoughts, propaganda from parents or adults around them so they must be protected specifically. Children like this should not be imprisoned, but must be educated, given counseling, rehabilitated and social assistance. Judging from the Law on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, the imposition of death penalty and life imprisonment does not apply to perpetrators of criminal acts of terrorism who are under 18 years of age or who are still classified as children. The state is also obliged to provide special protection for children who commit acts of terrorism. As for the legal arrangements for child perpetrators of terrorism from the perspective of human rights in Indonesia, it is regulated in several national regulations.

 

Keywords: child of terrorism, human rights
Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023 Tentang Penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2022 Tentang Cipta Kerja
Authors: Hariadi David , Hesti Wulan  , Sonya Claudia Siwu
Published: December 2023

Constitutional Court Decision Number 91/PUU-XVIII-2020 states that Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation is conditionally unconstitutional. This is the basis for the government to take action by establishing Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 to replace Law Number 11 of 2020. However, the action taken by the government has drawn a lot of criticism from the public because the government is considered not careful and too hasty in taking action by establishing government regulations in lieu of the law. Consider whether the government takes appropriate action by looking comprehensively at the presence or absence of force crunch which is the basis for the establishment of government regulations in lieu of law in accordance with Article 22 Paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution.
Analysis of Students' Difficulties in Determining the Main Idea in Reading Texts in Class V
Authors: Yunita Rahma , Safrizal Safrizal , Komalasari Elis
Published: December 2023

This research is motivated by students' problems when learning to determine the main idea. The aim of this research is to find out the problems experienced by students in learning to determine the main idea in a text. The type of research used in this research is a case study. This research uses a qualitative approach with the type of case study research chosen using a purposive sampling technique. This research was conducted on class V teachers and class V students at SD N 20 Paninjauan. The instrument of this research is the researcher himself. Data collection in this research is interviews and documentation, the data and information that has been obtained is then analyzed using the Milles and Huberman model. The results of the research, this research shows that the implementation of class V Indonesian language content learning with the material of determining the main idea only uses the lecture method and in implementing the learning the media is not used enough to support the learning process, and the students' ability to read quickly is very low. And when reading texts that are too long, students do not understand the vocabulary in the text.
Learning Science in Indonesian Curriculum from Time to Time
Authors: Zamista Adelia Alfama
Published: December 2023

This article aims to analyze the science learning according to the curriculum in Indonesia. This is based on the dynamic development of the curriculum in Indonesia. The method used in this study is literature review with descriptive analysis techniques. There are two main analyzes carried out, namely: 1) knowing how science learning according to the curriculum from time to time and 2) knowing whether science learning applied to the Kurikulum Merdeka has been able to answer global challenges. The results of the study show that the Indonesian curriculum has experienced dynamic development, there have been 12 curriculum developments since Indonesia's independence until 2023. In terms of the implementation of science learning, science has become a compulsory subject since Indonesia's initial curriculum. As in the 1947 learning plan, there were already three subjects related to science, namely: natural sciences, earth sciences and life sciences. Furthermore, science learning is increasingly becoming the focus of education, for example in the 2013 curriculum which promotes a scientific approach.
Impactos da BNCC em dois ambientes distintos no Amazonas: a educação infantil e profissional-tecnológica
Authors: Martins Diego Melquior Melo , De Araújo Danjelo Pereira , Pinto Valmir Flores
Published: December 2023

Este estudo é resultante de dois projetos de pesquisa vinculados ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências e Humanidades da Universidade Federal do Amazonas, com foco na BNCC em dois ambientes: a educação infantil e a educação tecnológica e profissional, no Estado do Amazonas. O objetivo é perceber como os professores veem o ensino em seus respectivos ambientes. Os aspectos relevantes para a educação infantil estão relatados na necessidade de qualificação em termos de pós-graduação stricto senso, ampliação de vagas nas escolas e mais infraestrutura com qualidade. Os professores do nível tecnológico profissional ressaltam a necessidade de investimentos no espaço físico, ampliação de cursos para outros polos e revisão da proposta do “novo” ensino médio. Nos dois ambientes foram utilizadas a metodologia qualitativa em estudo de caso, com entrevistas semiestruturadas.
Sustainable Trade: Evolution and Trends in Digital Trade Research in China
Authors: Kai Wang , Babatunde Kazeem Alasinrin
Published: December 2023

Objective: This paper focuses on a review of research on digital trade, a new type of trade that has emerged in China. Chinese academics consider digital trade as one of the most important means to promote sustainable trade development.
 
Methods: Using Citespace, a literature visualization and analysis software, to do econometric visualization mapping of China's digital trade research field and to analyze the evolution path of China's digital trade research.
 
Results: The article finds that there is a lack of cooperation between institutions and scholars in the field of digital trade research in China, and the research results are insufficient; the clustering of multilayered cross-cutting hot keywords, such as digital trade, digital economy, international trade, and trade in services, suggests that the research on China's digital trade is skewed towards macro-level research; the emergence of keywords with an extraction time slice of one year, and the appearance of 20 keywords, suggests that China's digital trade research field is progressively diversifying.
 
Conclusion: The continuous improvement of the meaning of digital trade has led to the continuous transformation of China's trade forms, utilizing new trade connotations, enriching China's trade-related theories and practical innovation methods, and promoting the continuous development of trade-related research. Combined with the different stages of digital trade research, it is found that the intermediary effect of the digital economy and digital technology to promote cross-border e-commerce and the reform of the international trade system, as well as the platform economy, data flow, trade in services and other aspects of the practical application of the platform economy, data flow, trade in services and other aspects of the digital trade have fully proved that the digital trade can reduce the cost of trade, improve the value-added trade in services, and promote the transformation of international trade. However, there is currently a lack of research related to the sustainable development of trade in digital trade in Chinese academia.
Prohibition Policies and Environmental Cognition in Disaster-Prone Zones: A Study of Post-Earthquake Agricultural Land Reclamation
Authors: Thahir Harifuddin
Published: December 2023

Objective: Prohibition policies need to be implemented by farmers who oppose several "legally rational" measures that prohibit land reclamation in disaster-prone zones. This prohibition event occurred during an earthquake on September 28, 2018, at 18.02 WITA with a magnitude of 7.4 (epicenter) at 0.18 South Latitude, 119.85 East Longitude, and a depth of 10 Km. After the earthquake, the tsunami hit the west coast of Palu Bay and Donggala Regency. According to data from the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB), which covers an area of +/- 200.4 hectares, liquefaction, downlights, and landslides occurred in several locations, including Palu City. Apart from defending their ancestral lands, liquefaction victims benefited from an improved quality of life thanks to their persistence in remaining in the Petobo area. It significantly influences how people engage with their environment and is highly tied to the time variable. In this case, activity patterns and environmental conditions, and these patterns interact over a predetermined period (Barker, 1968). Patterns of human activity in space can change depending on the day, week, or season.
 
Methods: This study examines environmental cognition during the 2017 agricultural land era before and after the crisis using a qualitative descriptive technique and a mental map approach.
 
Conclusion: Information about people's views and attitudes towards post-disaster agricultural land conditions is essential to answer research questions about the prohibition of returning land to disaster-prone zones. Since some farming businesses have had to close, it is necessary to understand land boundaries.
Exploring education leaders' perceptions of the effectiveness of socio-religious organisations in higher education funding in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Onya Osim Rosemary , Chukwudi Uzoigwe Michael , Godwin Akeke, Mercy Nkiruka , Okpa Ovat, Egbe , Ugah Uguma, Vincent , Ekpo Alice Mbang
Published: December 2023

Purpose: This study examines education leaders' perceptions of the effectiveness of socio-religious organizations in higher education funding in Cross River State, Nigeria, focusing on the University of Calabar and Cross River State University.

Design/Methodology/Approach: A survey consisting of 34 items was developed, validated, and administered to 146 educational leaders from the two public universities in Cross River State. The survey aimed to gather their views on the effectiveness of socio-religious organizations in funding higher education.

Findings: The results indicate that while some socio-religious organizations are perceived to contribute to a vibrant and prosperous school community, they have not fully addressed the economic opportunities, skills, and knowledge needed for student workforce success. Gender and experience did not significantly relate to socio-religious organizations’ funding in higher education.

Conclusion: This study explores education leaders' perspectives on the effectiveness of socio-religious organizations in funding higher education and suggests that addressing differences among education leaders can enhance learning experiences.

Research Limitations and Implications: The focus on education leaders' perspectives, the specific geographical context of Cross River State, Nigeria, and the reliance on self-reported survey data, which may be subject to response biases; therefore, caution should be exercised in generalizing the findings to other contexts.

Practical Implications: The effectiveness of higher education funding depends on various factors, including institutional context, funding nature, and the values of the funding organization.

Contributions to Literature: Socio-religious organizations can contribute to higher education funding through scholarships, grants, and donations to institutions, highlighting the diverse ways in which they can support educational advancement.
Keanekaragaman Senyawa Bahan Alam dari Invertebrata Laut Indonesia dan Potensinya sebagai Bahan Baku Obat
Authors: Masteria Yunovilsa Putra
Published: December 2023

Eksplorasi invertebrata laut sebagai sumber senyawa aktif baru meningkat pesat dalam 50 tahun terakhir, di mana spons yang paling banyak dieksplorasi. Spons laut yang berasal dari Indonesia berada pada peringkat kedua setelah Jepang sebagai penghasil senyawa baru yang menghasilkan aktivitas farmakologi, seperti antikanker, antimikrob, antiviral, antiinflamasi, dan antiparasit. Dari hasil riset mengenai spons, telah didapatkan beberapa molekul aktif yang di masa mendatang, bisa di jadikan untuk bahan baku obat. Salah satunya adalah leucettamol A (25) dan leucettamol B (26) yang mempunyai potensi sebagai analgesik dan antiinflamasi.
Selain spons, karang lunak dan tunikata merupakan dua kelompok invertebrata yang sangat menarik untuk diteliti dalam menghasilkan senyawa-senyawa aktif.  Dari hasil riset karang lunak didapatkan dua potensi senyawa yang potensial untuk dikembangkan menjadi obat, yaitu senyawa gorgosterol (17) dan sarcophytoxide (19). Senyawa gorgosterol (17), mempunyai potensi untuk pengobatan kolestasis atau batu empedu, yang menunjukkan aktivitas yang konsisten sebagai antagonis FXR. Senyawa sarcophytoxide (19), menunjukkan aktivitas sebagai antibakteri dan neuroproteksi.
Teripang merupakan biota laut yang banyak dikembangkan sebagai nutraseutikal atau suplemen makanan.  Beberapa ekstrak dan senyawa aktif dari teripang Indonesia menunjukkan aktivitas sebagai antioksidan, antibakteri, dan sitotoksik. Senyawa-senyawa aktif yang didapatkan dari spons dan karang lunak, seperti gorgosterol (17), sarcophytoxide (19), leucettamol A (25), dan leucettamol B (26) menunjukkan aktivitas farmakologis bisa dikembangkan menjadi obat. Untuk memperkuat justifikasi saintifikasi pengembangan, keempat senyawa aktif telah diisolasi dari spons dan karang lunak, tahapan selanjutnya adalah  perlunya memahami mechanisms of actions (MOA) dan structure activity relationship (SAR) dari kedua senyawa tersebut sehingga nantinya bisa dilanjutkan ke dalam tahap investigational new drugs (IND) dengan uji praklinis dan klinis.
2023 in Health Libraries
Authors: McDonald Daniel
Published: December 2023

2023 in numbers, more numbers, point of care tools, collegial banter, quotes, and journal content.
What’s in the research toolbox for a team of academic Liaison Librarians
Authors: Castellano Jasmine , Everett Paula , Langton Vikki
Published: December 2023

This paper highlights how the library uses technology and information to connect with people in the University Library. Multimedia content production, webinars, self-guided webpages, and cross-team collaboration have all enabled the Academic Liaison team to reach new audiences and provide accessible and targeted research support. From one-on-one consultations to workshops with over 400 attendees – the team combines online and in-person services to be the conduit between key research stakeholders and the library.
MODELLING EVACUATION FROM A PUBLIC BUILDING REGARDING THE SAFETY OF EMPLOYEES WITH DISABILITIES IN AN EMERGENCY
Authors: Szykuła-Piec Barbara , Piec Robert , Cisek Marcin , Cisek Grzegorz
Published: December 2023

This study aims to verify, which of the selected variables affects efficient evacuation by modellingthe evacuation of people from an existing building, using Pathfinder computer software. Thevariables include both the organization of workstations (work spaces for people with disabilities,their placement, and evacuation assistants) and the evacuation supporting equipment (ramps,elevators, wheelchairs, chairs, mattresses).The following were used to achieve the objective of the work: a simulation using Pathfindercomputer software was carried out with a model of actual building built in 2008. This buildingincorporates lecture halls, faculty rooms, computer labs, administrative staff rooms and sanitaryand technical rooms. The building has been adapted for people with disabilities.Summarizing the results of the simulation, evacuation time increases when people with disabilitiesare on higher floors. The greater the number of assistants helping people with disabilities, theshorter the evacuation time.
Genetic diversity and character association in different seedling pecan (Carya illinoensis) genotypes
Authors: SINGH DINESH , KALER RAJESH KUMAR , KUMAR K , SHARMA NIRMAL
Published: December 2023

The extent of variability, heritability, character association, path analysis and genetic divergence with respect to nut and kernel characters in thirty six seedling pecan genotypes were studied. The analysis of variance showed substantial amount of variability for majority of traits. The estimates of PCV were higher for all the traits investigated. High heritability estimation coupled with high genetic advance was observed for nut length and kernel oil (%) but, higher genetic gain coupled with moderate to high heritability was recorded for kernel protein and shell thickness. Further nut weight had positive and significant association with nut width, shell thickness, kernel weight, kernel width and kernel length. Based on path coefficient analysis, nut length, kernel weight, kernel percentage, kernel width, kernel length and kernel protein showed positive effects towards nut weight and kernel percentage.
Combining ability and heterosis analysis for yield traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: SINGH VIKRANT , KRISHNA RAM , SINGH SANJAY , VIKRAM PRASHANT
Published: December 2023

In order to realize the combining ability and heterosis of wheat, 21 hybrids were synthesised in a 7 × 7 diallel fashion excluding reciprocals. Analyses of combining ability and heterosis over mid parent (MP) as well as economic parent (HD 2733) were undertaken for yield and its component traits. The experiment was conducted in 2007–08 and 2008–09 at Crop Research Farm of CSAUA &T, Kanpur, UP. The results revealed that non-additive genetic variance played a predominant role in the inheritance of most of the traits. The best combinations mostly involved high × low and low × low general combiners for the characters under study. There was very rare case in which high × high general combiners were involved for best combinations. On the basis of gca and sca effects, 3 parents (i e K 7903, K 9465 and HUW 234) and 14 cross combinations (i.e. 5 top crosses namely HD 2733 × K 7903, HUW 234 × K 9423, HD 2285 × K 2021, HUW 234 × K 2021 and K 9423 × K 2021) were found good general and specific combiners for higher grain yield and also for various yield contributing traits, respectively.
GGE biplot based assessment of yield stability, adaptability and mega-environment characterization for hybrid pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)
Authors: SRIVASTAVA RAKESH K , RATHORE ABHISHEK , VALES M ISABEL , KUMAR R VIJAYA
Published: December 2023

GGE biplot methodology is a powerful tool to study relationship among test environments (E), genotypes (G) and genotype-by-environment interaction (GE). Present study was conducted on 10 short-duration genotypes in five test environments for two years, and 16 medium-duration genotypes in six test locations for three years in randomized complete block design with two replications. In short-maturity group three mega-environments (ME) were found—ME1 comprised of Phaltan, Patancheru and Hyderabad1; ME2 and 3 constituted Jalna and Aurangabad, respectively. In scenario of limited resources, Patancheru may be a good testing location for general adaptability of short-duration hybrids, while Aurangabad and Hyderabad1 may be right environments for testing specific adaptation of short-duration cultivars in pigeonpea. ICPH 2433 was a winning genotype in ME1 in terms of high yield and stability. In medium-maturity group, two MEs were observed. Jalna, Jalna 1, Parbhani and Hyderabad grouped together as ME1, while Patancheru and Phaltan formed the second mega-environment (ME2). Parbhani was found to be most representative of all the six test locations. Jalna (ME1) and Phaltan (ME2) produced longest environment vectors, and hence may be regarded as highly discriminating. In medium- maturity group ICPH 2673 was found to be stable and high-yielding genotype for ME1.
Explorando o trato gastrointestinal na infecção por SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Inojosa Aguiar Jéssica , Di Paula Souza Pires Larissa , Leite Lima Pedro Henrique , Menezes de Melo Fábio
Published: December 2023

Evidências mostraram que a infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2, além de desencadear sintomas respiratórios, pode promover anormalidades e manifestações no trato gastrointestinal (TGI), como dor abdominal, diarreia, náuseas e episódios eméticos. Estudos sugerem uma possível rota de infecção oral-fecal através do TGI após a infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2. Este estudo realizou uma revisão integrativa para identificar a influência da infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 no TGI. Uma busca automática nas bases de dados PubMed e Scielo foi conduzida e 10 estudos atenderam aos critérios estabelecidos, compreendendo a amostra final. As manifestações do TGI relacionadas ao COVID-19 foram observadas em todos os estudos incluídos nesta revisão. Além disso, outras condições associadas ao TGI, como envolvimento hepático e presença de RNA viral nas fezes, foram relatadas. Estudos adicionais são necessários para elucidar os mecanismos subjacentes à infecção por SARS-CoV-2, manifestações do TGI e agravamento do quadro.

Palavras-chave: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Coronavírus, Gastroenteropatias.
The Potency of Camellia Sinensis L. to Reduce Proinflammatory Cytokine Levels in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Rat Model
Authors: Widowati Wahyu , Priyandoko Didik , Kusuma Hanna Sari Widya , Rizal Rizal
Published: December 2023

This study was conducted in order to ascertain how green tea extract (GTE) could affect inflammatory markers, including level of interleukin-(IL)-12, IL-18 of serum and lung, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, gene expression of NLR family-pyrin-domain containing 3 (NLRP3) of lung, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), lung histopathology, and IL-6 expression of lung tissue in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated rats as ARDS animal model. Rats were given GTE at dosages of 0, 50, 400, 800 mg/kg of body weight for 28 days to boost their immune systems. The rats were then stimulated with LPS (5 g/kg of BW) and after that continued to receive GTE for 28 days. Levels of serum or lung IL-18, IL-12, TNF-α, were measured using the ELISA method; expression of lung NF-κB and NLRP3 was measured by qRT-PCR; immunohistochemistry (IHC) was implemented to assess lung IL-6 expression; and lung histopathology was evaluated through the bleeding, inflammation, and alveolus scores. GTE had the ability to lower serum IL-18, lung TNF-α, and lung IL-12 levels; suppress the lung gene expression of NF-κB, NLRP-3, IL-6 expression; and improve lung histopathology. Green tea extract inhibited inflammation in the ARDS rat model by decreasing the proinflammatory cytokine level and proinflammatory gene expression.
Social representation of young adults about COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Barbosa Ana Clara Rodrigues , Souza Marilza Alves de , Dias Otávio Leone Machado Teixeira , Rocha Jucimere Fagundes Durães , Franco Cintya dos Santos , Santos Merilaine Isabel dos , Dias Natália Cristina de Andrade , Bastos Lícia Caroline , Martins Priscila Oliveira
Published: December 2023

Objective: to analyze the relationship of prediction and social representations of young adults about vaccination against Covid-19. Materials and Methods: this is an exploratory and descriptive field research, with a qualitative approach, based on the Theory of Social Representations. The present study was carried out in Montes Claros and Curral de Dentro, where data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire, with the aim of evaluating the social representation of the Covid-19 vaccine. Data were tabulated and organized in the Satistical Package for the Social Science Program and analyzed using the Ensemble de Programs Permettant l’Analyse des Evocations software. Results: the relationship of the social representation of adults about vaccination against Covid-19 showed the formation of two large groups, namely, the first group: immunization-immunity, health, protection-prevention, science and SUS; and the second group: hope, freedom, healing and lifesaving. Conclusion: it is concluded that there are relationships between social representations and prediction for vaccination against Covid-19. The analysis of individual and collective experiences revealed that the intention to vaccinate is not only related to the prior knowledge that the population has about the vaccine, but also to the feeling that this brings to society.
Effective communication and shared decision making: Theoretical approach from the doctor-patient relationship approach
Authors: Gonzalez-Argote Javier
Published: December 2023

Introduction: shared decision making is understood as a communicational model in which health personnel collaborate with the patient or caregiver in making optimal health decisions, encouraging patients, family members and physicians to evaluate clinical information and compare risk-benefit in order to select the most appropriate treatment option.Objective: to characterize shared decision making as a model of patient-physician communication.Development: the method has gained acceptance among the medical community in recent years; despite having an approach in line with current medicine due to benefits such as a decrease in medical errors, being associated with a better overall quality of decisions and less decisional conflict, its use is controversial due to weaknesses such as lack of practical guidelines for its use, lack of training for the parties involved, lack of time and applicability due to the patient's characteristics. Shared decision support tools provide information about the options and potentially expected outcomes for a person's health status, and are different from traditional educational materials. Conclusions: shared decision making emerges as a method of patient-physician communication centered on the participation of the patient in his or her medical therapy and is credited with reducing decisional uncertainty. The scientific evidence is insufficient to recommend its use over traditional methods, although its application has gained acceptance among the international community in recent years