bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-cancer Potential of Pleurotus Mushroom: Detailed Insight on the
Potential Bioactive Molecules, In vitro-In vivo Studies, and Formulation
Authors: Sahu Alakh N. , Shreya Singh , Jain Shreyans K. , Guru Santosh K.
Published: May 2022

Early mushrooms were categorized under functional food/ nutritional food. However, later on, an increasing number of scientific studies strongly support their role in disease prevention and suppression or remission of a diseased state. Mycotherapy of cancer, a new promising field, can deal with anti-cancerogenic agents derived from mushrooms. Rich in nutritive value, undemanding cultivation conditions, and with an army of health-promoting bioactive molecules, collectively makes Pleurotus mushroom ideal for a researcher to investigate the anticancer potential. The present review is a literature survey on electronic search by two database search engines: Science direct and Pub med on anticancer potential of Pleurotus species until 2021. This data profiling will fast track information regarding the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of different types of Pleurotus species, along with identifying the bioactivemolecules responsible for anticancer potential with their underlying mechanism of action. Resultant findings from the electronic search revealed that till 2021, nearly 13 species of Pleurotus mushroom have been studied as anticancer potential. The biomarkers responsible for activity are mostly higher molecular weight molecules, comprising polysaccharides, polypeptides, proteins, lectins, and enzymes. The lower molecular weight molecules like terpenoids, sterols, and phenolic compounds are less explored and untapped. The main underlying mechanism for the anticancer activity of Pleurotus mushrooms is the induction of the mitochondria intrinsic pathway. For anticancer, Pleurotus mushrooms are widely formulated as metal nanoparticles. Altogether, with this detailed insight may impart the researcher a path to be addressed, thus driving mass attention to identify novel,effective, and safer anticancer potential biomarker.
The Factors Related to Unwanted Pregnancy Among Pregnant Women: A
Case-control Study in Western Iran
Authors: Roshanaei Ghodratollah , Khazaei Salman , jenabi Ensiyeh
Published: May 2022

Aims:

This study aimed to investigate factors affecting unwanted pregnancy in Hamadan.

Background:

Various factors affect the occurrence and extent of unwanted pregnancies.

Methods:

The present case-control study was performed on 901 pregnant women admitted to comprehensive
health centers in Hamadan in 2020. The case group included women with unwanted
pregnancies and the control group consisted of women who became pregnant in a preplanned manner.
Data were collected from the samples using a checklist. Data were analyzed with SPSS24 at a
significance level of 5%.

Results:

This case-control study was conducted on 455 mothers in the case group (with unwanted
pregnancies) and 456 samples in the control group. The results of the logistic regression model indicated
that the history of abortion, education, stillbirth history, history of contraceptive use, history of
unwanted pregnancy, marital satisfaction, emotional relation with the spouse, spouse's opinion about
contraception method, age, and the first pregnancy age were the predictors of unwanted pregnancy.

Conclusion:

To prevent unwanted pregnancies, it is recommended to start the correct training of
family planning methods from high school and pursue it continuously after marriage, during pregnancy,
and postpartum care.
Is Surgery Worthwhile in Locally-advanced NSCLC Patients with Persistent
N2-disease After Neoadjuvant Therapy?
Authors: Lococo Filippo , Chiappetta Marco , Sassorossi Corolina , Nachira Dania , Evangelista Jessica , Ciavarella Leonardo Petracca , Congedo Maria Teresa , Porziella Venanzio , Boldrini Luca , Larici Annarila , Bria Emilio , Margaritora Stefano
Published: May 2022

Aims:

To explore the long-term survival in lung cancer patients with persistent mediastinal lymph nodal disease after neoadjuvant followed by surgical resection and to analyse prognostic fac-tors in this specific subset of patients

Background:

Surgery in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with N2-disease after neoad-juvant therapy (NAD) has been debated and has been even more questioned with the advent of im-munotherapy.

Objective:

Describe long-term results of a multimodal approach in locally-advanced NSCLC patients with persistence of N2-disease and identify prognostic factors to target the strategy of care.

Method:

We retrospectively reviewed data of 121 consecutive Stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC patients who underwent NAD (chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy) from 01/00 to 12/19, focusing our analysis on 37 patients with persistent N2s status after surgery. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis explored the associations between mortality and potential risk factors.

Result:

The 5-year survival was 29.8%. Cox regression analysis suggested that young age (HR=0.98, C.I.95%: 0.97- 1.00; p=0.062), male sex (HR=3.8,C.I.95%:1.06-13.73;p=0.04), and adjuvant therapy (HR=6.81,C.I.95%:0.96-53.94;p=0.06) influenced long-term outcomes in these patients.

Conclusion:

We herein observed suboptimal long-term results in this NSCLC patient subset, and, considering emerging results adopting immunotherapy following chemoradiotherapy, surgery should be carefully considered in very selected cases (young and clinically fit patients) and combined with adjuvant therapy after surgery.
Mapping of New Pharmacological Alternatives in the Face of the
Emergence of Antibiotic Resistance in COVID-19 Patents Treated
for Opportunistic Respiratory Bacterial Pathogens
Authors: Santos Anamaria Mendonça , Santos Mariana Mendonça , Nascimento Júnior José Adão Carvalho , Brito João Rafael Lisboa Rêgo , de Araújo Andrade Tatianny , Frank Luiza Abrahão , Serafini Mairim Russo
Published: May 2022

Background:

The increase in bacterial resistance against antibiotics is
thought to be another type of pandemic after COVID-19. Emergency treatment based on
antibiotics is a major influence in increasing this resistance. Bacteria, such as Klebsiella
pneumoniae, are the most affected by the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, since they
are resistant to most antibiotics currently available on the market.

Objective:

This review aimed to evaluate patents of new drugs and formulations, for the
treatment of infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Methods:

The present patent review was carried out through a specialized search database
Espacenet. The selection was based on the criteria of patents published from 2010
to May 2021, in any language, and containing the keywords in title or abstract. Also, a
research was performed on the PubMed database, using the inclusion criteria.

Results:

Twenty-two patents were selected for the analysis according to the aim of the
study. The advance of new patents has been mostly observed in the World Intellectual
Property Organization, China, and United States. The results showed that the main approach
was the drug association, followed by drug carriers, new isolated products, and
vaccines.

Conclusion:

It has been observed that few studies use new drug alternatives for the
treatment, probably due to the higher cost of the development and lack of investments.
The effectiveness and safety of these therapies depend on the acceptance, the correct
prescription, and rational use of medicines. Therefore, this review can further develop
new treatments as alternatives against Klebsiella pneumoniae and pneumonia caused by
it.
Fabrication and Self-cleaning Performance of RGO/(Si, Mo)-codoped TiO2
Thin Films for Architecture Environment Decontamination Application
Authors: He H.-Y. , Dang W.
Published: May 2022

Background:

Self-cleaning is a potential technique in architecture environmental decontamination.

Objective:

We report t The fabrication and self-cleaning property enhancement of the TiO2 hybridizing reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and codoping Si and Mo.

Methods:

The films were deposited by a sol-gel dip-coating process. The self-cleaning properties were characterized by photocatalytic activity, photoinduced super hydrophilicity, and conductivity.

Results:

Incorporating RGO provided an efficient interface-induced effect, and doping Si and Mo enhanced this effect.

Conclusion:

Thus, the hybrid films showed remarkably enhanced self-cleaning performances. The transparency of the films also did not affected by RGO shown high transparent when RGO is added in the condition of the doping Si and an appropriate amount of Mo.
Analysis of nutritional value, acceptability and organoleptic quality of mackerel fish waffle with additional Kelulut honey as an additional food alternative for stunting children
Authors: Kusfriyadi Mars Khendra , Nabilah Dita Farhah
Published: May 2022

One of the factors in the incidence of stunting in children under five years old is the lack of nutrition intake that help for growth and development, such as protein and calcium. Mackerel is a food that contains high protein and calcium. The use of mackerel fish flour as a substitute material in making waffle is one of the efforts done to increase the nutritional value of protein and calcium and reduce the use of wheat flour. The disadvantage of fish flour products is the fishy smell, so the researchers used Kelulut honey as an additional ingredient in this study. This study is pure experimental using a completely randomized design with one factor, namely the substitution of mackerel fish flour with the addition of Kelulut honey. There were 7 treatments in this study, namely the substitution of mackerel fish flour with a percentage of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, to 30%. Meanwhile, the addition of Kelulut honey ranged from 1 to 6 tablespoons.
Second Language Use Online and its Integration in Formal Language Learning
Authors: Moffat Andrew D.
Published: May 2022

This book addresses questions surrounding online second language (L2) communicative activities and formal language learning. It provides empirical evidence and analysis of the scale and nature of L2 English communicative activities online and explores the possibilities for language teaching practices that engage with learners’ L2 online activities.
A study on the nursing student experience PBL class using Q methodology
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Hanseo University, Seosan, South Korea, Wang MeeSuk
Published: May 2022

Students who enter universities should be trained as human resources needed in the present society. In addition to the chronological changes, nursing students are required to solve problems, have creative thinking, cooperation, and have interpersonal relationships in the field. Nursing students also complain of difficulties in interpersonal and emotional relationships. Nursing students' active learning abilities and problem-solving are needed to perform work after graduation. 36 third- and fourth-year university students attending H University in Chungcheongnam-do were required to classify 35 statements about their PBL Class experience. The statement used 35 sentences, which were finally extracted after reviewing the sentences collected through literature and interviews by university students by two major professors, two Ph.D. students, and five nursing students. The collected data are analyzed for Q factors using the QUANALl PC Program. The analysis results of PBL classes experienced by Nursing Students were divided into three types. Three types of PBL Class experiences for Nursing Students are "fulfillment in cooperation and problem solving," "the importance of collecting diverse feedback," and "lack of knowledge and difficulty in communication." To cultivate talented individuals in the era of the fourth industrial revolution, various learning methods are recommended to convert thinking through new learning, personality, and understanding majors. Therefore, we would like to check the subjective consciousness of nursing students who have experienced PBL Class and provide basic data on various learning problems by characteristics and development and operation of the learning process through differences in consciousness among individuals.
Non-Newtonian Flow in Bifurcated Piping and Arterial Networks
Authors:   Stratamagnetic Software, LLC, Houston, Texas, United States, Chin Jamie A. , Chin Wilson C. ,   Stratamagnetic Software, LLC, Houston, Texas, United States
Published: May 2022

Flows in multi-branch piping systems are modeled for linear Newtonian and nonlinear Power Law, Bingham Plastic and Herschel-Bulkley fluids. The nonlinear models are often used to describe multiphase fluids consisting of liquid and solid phases, including cement slurries and drilling muds in petroleum engineering. Rheological and heterogeneous multiphase effects are important to blood flows in single and bifurcated arteries, capillaries and veins – biological applications are also emphasized to highlight their increasing importance in medical research. Unfortunately, conventional engineering approaches, many oversimplified, employ idealized assumptions for total energy conservation. Others are unrealistic and based on empirical “head loss” coefficients related to fittings, roughness, bend and expansion effects. In our approach, mass conservation is assumed, leading to momentum and energy reductions and a credible predictive algorithm is devised. Bifurcation results are given for several fluid rheologies, either in closed analytical form or using numerical algorithms based on closed form solutions. When the entry flow rate and all outlet pressures are given, along with needed geometric details, solutions give pressure drop versus flow rate relations useful in pumping and power calculations. Also calculated are pressure levels that ensure safe, burst-free operations and wall viscous shear stress values that support cleaning and remediation operations. Analytical formulas are derived for circular flow cross-sections while numerical extensions are summarized for general clogged flows (applications in piping conduits of arbitrary cross-sectional geometry). Example calculations are given demonstrating the usefulness and versatility of the new methods.
Role of Point of Zero Charge in the Adsorption of Cationic Textile Dye on Standard Biochars from Aqueous Solutions: Selection Criteria and Performance Assessment
Authors:   Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) - Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, Guilhen Sabine Neusatz , Watanabe Tamires ,   Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) - Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, Silva Thalita Tieko ,   Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) - Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, Rovani Suzimara ,   Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo - Rua do Lago, 250, Cidade Universitária, 05508-080 - São Paulo, SP, Brazil, Marumo Júlio Takehiro ,   Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) - Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, Tenório Jorge Alberto Soares ,   Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo - Rua do Lago, 250, Cidade Universitária, 05508-080 - São Paulo, SP, Brazil, Mašek Ondřej ,   UK Biochar Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, School of Geosciences, Crew Building, Alexander Crum Brown Road, EH9 3FF, Edinburgh, UK, Araujo Leandro Goulart de ,   Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) - Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Published: May 2022

The point of zero charge (PZC) is an inherent electrokinetic property of biochars (BC). It influences the adsorption process under certain pH conditions. Herein, we report the method of determination of the PZC values of ten standard BCs. We used the salt addition method to select the BCs with suitable properties for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solutions. The standard BCs were obtained by pyrolyzing five different biomasses at two distinct temperatures (550°C and 700°C). The BCs derived from rice husk (pHPZC at 7.22 and 7.64 for RH550 and RH700, respectively) and softwood pellets (pHPZC at 6.57 and 6.78 for SWP500 and SWP700, respectively) were selected for their compatibility with cationic dyes such as MB. Results from adsorption experiments indicated the potential use of the RH biochar as an adsorbent for the removal of MB from aqueous solutions. The removal efficiencies were 68.83% and 71.97% for RH550 and RH700, respectively. Considerably low values were obtained for SWP550 and SWP700 (21.61% and 22.84%, respectively). Equilibrium was achieved at 2 h for RH550 and 1 h for RH700, and the adsorption kinetics for the RH BCs could be described by a pseudo-second order equation. The results revealed that even when produced under comparable conditions, BCs obtained from different feedstocks exhibited different cationic dye removing abilities. BCs optimized for the removal of cationic or anionic dyes can be easily engineered by appropriately matching the feedstock with the processing conditions.
Use and Perception of Digital Health Technologies by Surgical Patients in Germany in the Pre–COVID-19 Era: Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Korn Sandra , Böttcher Maximilian David , Busse Theresa Sophie , Kernebeck Sven , Breucha Michael , Ehlers Jan , Kahlert Christoph , Weitz Jürgen , Bork Ulrich
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

This survey study investigates surgical patients’ use and perception of digital health technologies in Germany in the pre–COVID-19 era.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to relate surgical patients’ characteristics to the use and perception of several digital health technologies.

METHODS

In this single-center, cross-sectional survey study in the outpatient department of a university hospital in Germany, 406 patients completed a questionnaire with the following three domains: general information and use of the internet, smartphones, and general digital health aspects. Analyses were stratified by age group and highest education level achieved.

RESULTS

We found significant age-based differences in most of the evaluated aspects. Younger patients were more open to using new technologies in private and medical settings but had more security concerns. Although searching for information on illnesses on the web was common, the overall acceptance of and trust in web-based consultations were rather low, with <50% of patients in each age group reporting acceptance and trust. More people with academic qualifications than without academic qualifications searched for information on the web before visiting physicians (73/121, 60.3% and 100/240, 41.7%, respectively). Patients with academic degrees were also more engaged in health-related information and communication technology use.

CONCLUSIONS

These results support the need for eHealth literacy, health literacy, and available digital devices and internet access to support the active, meaningful use of information and communication technologies in health care. Uncertainties and a lack of knowledge exist, especially regarding telemedicine and the use of medical and health apps. This is especially pronounced among older patients and patients with a low education status.

CLINICALTRIAL
Risk factors for cervical cytological abnormalities among women infected with non-16/18 high-risk human papillomavirus (Preprint)
Authors: Xiao Ting , Wang Chunhua , Yang Mei , Yu Tingyu , Shen Liang , Xu Xiaohan , Yang Jun , Ou Chun-Quan , Xing Hui
Published: May 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Objective: The increasing prevalence of non-16/18 high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection has recently drawn much attention. Abnormal cytological findings in non-16/18 hrHPV infected women may progress to cervical cancer. We aimed to identify the risk factors for cervical cytological abnormalities among women infected with non-16/18 hrHPV.
Methods: A total of 314,587 women had been recruited for cervical cancer screening in Xiangyang city of China from January 2017 to February 2018. Of them, 311,604 women were analyzed for HPV genotyping and 17,523 non-16/18 hrHPV-positive women were further analyzed for cytology. A logistic regression model was conducted to assess risk factors for cytological abnormalities among these non-16/18 hrHPV infected women.
Results: The non-16/18 hrHPV infection rate was 5.88% (18,323/311,604), three-fold as the infection rate of hrHPV 16/18 (1.95%, 6,068/311,604). In non-16/18 hrHPV infected women, the prevalence rates of overall cervical cytological abnormalities and high-grade cytological abnormalities were 13.46% and 1.17%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that women received middle or high school education were at a higher risk of cytological abnormalities than primary education (OR=1.31, 95%CI: 1.17-1.45; OR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.14-1.53). Living in rural areas (OR=2.58, 95%CI: 2.29-2.90), gravidity>=3 (OR=2.77, 95%CI: 1.19-6.45), cervical abnormalities detected on pelvic examination (OR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.11-1.34), and accepting cervical cancer screening over 3 years (OR=0.79, 95%CI: 0.62-1.00) were associated with cytological abnormalities. The risk factors for high-grade cytological abnormalities included middle education (OR=1.45, 95%CI: 1.07-1.98), living in rural regions (OR=1.52, 95%CI: 1.10-2.10) and abnormal cervix (OR=1.72, 95%CI: 1.30-2.26).
Conclusion: The dominant epidemic of non-16/18 hrHPV infection is revealed and risk factors have been identified for cervical cytological abnormalities in Chinese women infected with non-16/18 hrHPV. These findings can provide important information for clinically actionable decisions for the implementation of cervical cancer screening program, early diagnosis, monitoring, and intervention.
Telehealth Interventions to Support Self-care of Stroke Survivors: An Integrative Review (Preprint)
Authors: Yeom 2nd Insun , Park 1st Hayoung , Kim 3rd Yoojin
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Self-care is essential for stroke survivors to recover from neurological disorders caused by stroke and to prevent recurrences. Telehealth is an emerging technology through which self-care intervention can be provided from a distance. Review-based research is needed to determine the value and development of telehealth-based self-care interventions for stroke survivors.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of telehealth interventions to support the self-care of stroke patients.

METHODS

This study was performed sequentially according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. Whittemore and Knafl's five-stage methodology was used for the integrated review process (problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, data analysis, and presentation of the results). PubMed, Ovid-MEDLINE, Ovid-EMBASE, Cochrane Library were the databases used in consultation with a librarian on February 22, 2022. The researchers used the keywords “stroke survivor,” “telehealth,” and “self-care intervention.”

RESULTS

Twelve studies were selected using the inclusion criteria, including nine randomized controlled trials and three non-randomized controlled trials. Four attributes were identified that represented telehealth’s functions that appeared to be associated with a self-care intervention for stroke survivors. These included introducing the concept of interaction, monitoring, education, and store and forward. These self-care interventions were found to influence the behaviors of stroke survivors' self-care maintenance (physical activity and treatment adherence), self-care monitoring (blood pressure, healthy behaviors, health diet, psychological well-being, glucose control, and depression), and self-care management (sense of control, healthcare resource utilization, social integration, and support).

CONCLUSIONS

Telehealth intervention can be a suitable alternative to support self-care in stoke survivors no matter the distance according to the needs of the times. Further studies are needed to estimate the health-related outcomes and cost-effectiveness with the ongoing utilization of telehealth-based self-care intervention.
Harnessing machine learning in domestic violence: an integrative review (Preprint)
Authors: Hui Vivian , Constantino Rose Eva , Lee Young Ji
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Domestic Violence (DV) is one of the most underreported public health issues. Leveraging various sources for assessing victims’ experiences is indispensable; however, traditional qualitative analysis and/or statistical analysis limited at incorporating the diverse aspects of victims’ experiences. With the unprecedented surge of data available on the internet and clinical systems, leveraging machine learning (ML) to detect obscure changes and predict the likelihood of DV from digital text data is particularly germane to advance the health science research. Researchers leveraged ML methods to examine DV from various data sources and perspectives. However, there is a paucity of research done on discussing and reviewing ML applications in the realm of DV.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this review was to identify the current use of ML and the implementation challenges in DV.

METHODS

We extracted 3,176 articles from four databases. Twenty-two articles met the inclusion criteria. Data retrieved from the articles included the ML method (i.e., supervised or unsupervised), study group, data source, use of ML, challenges in conduction and implementation.

RESULTS

Twelve articles used supervised method, seven articles used unsupervised ML method, while three articles applied both. The study group dominated in DV population (n=13), partially presented in intimate partner violence (n=5), gender-based violence(n=1), child abuse (n=2), mixed DV and child abuse (n=1). Data source included social media, professional notes, national database, survey and newspaper. Random Forest(n=9), Support Vector Machine (n=8), and Naïve Bayes (n=7) are the top three algorithms for supervised ML training, while top used automatic algorithm for unsupervised ML in DV research is Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) for topic modeling (n=2). The purposes of ML were identified: exploration of themes or hidden topics, prediction of future crime, and classification of the DV likelihood. Sixteen studies discussed the challenges, including data source reliability and availability, long data pre-processing time, end user acceptance, professional compliance, and professional training to handle the dataset.

CONCLUSIONS

Leveraging ML method to examine DV has been advanced exponentially in the past decade. However, further research is needed to examine the adoption difficulties in different settings and compare the ML effectiveness with the traditional method.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Malnutrición en una población de escolares en Santiago, República Dominicana
Authors: Ramos García Samuel , Gutiérrez Anthony , Cruz Juan , Díaz Alexander , Corona Karoline , Gómez Emanuella , Gómez Karina , Ramos Ureña Samuel Milcíades , García Raisa
Published: May 2022

Introducción: la malnutrición infantil representa uno de los problemas de salud pública más importantes de la República Dominicana (RD) y el mundo. A pesar de esto, actualmente, no existen estudios en la RD que describa el estado nutricional en los niños de la escuela primaria.

Material y métodos: este estudio transversal describió las principales variables antropométricas en niños de 1ero a 6to de primaria en Santiago, RD, además de determinar la relación existente entre la antropometría y variables sociodemográficas.

Resultados: de los 2,271 estudiantes estudiados, la media del peso fue 33,2 ± 11,4 kg, la talla fue 1,36 ± 0,13 m. La media del percentil fue 65,33 %. El 3.92 % (n=89) estuvo en bajo peso, el 17.57 % (n=399) estuvo en sobrepeso y el 22.94 % (n=521) estuvo en obesidad.

Conclusión: el sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil fueron los trastornos más comunes en zonas rurales y urbanas, y tanto en centros privados como públicos.
ADHERENCE TO THERAPY IN RHEUMATOLOGY PRACTICE. LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors:   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Dikareva E.A. , Pimanov S.I. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Makarenko E.V. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Lahutchau V.V. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Kukharau A.V. ,   Vitebsk Regional Clinical Hospital
Published: May 2022

The problem of adherence to therapy continues to be one of the most significant for modern medicine. The aim of the work was to analyze the literature data on adherence to therapy in rheumatological practice. Currently, various definitions of adherence to therapy are used: «compliance», «adherence», «concordance». Despite significant progress in the creation of new highly effective pathogenetic drugs in rheumatology, the effectiveness of the prescribed therapy remains insufficiently satisfactory. Often this situation is associated with low adherence to treatment. In the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with disease modifying drugs, adherence made up about 65%. In osteoarthritis, there was a decrease in adherence not only to drug therapy, but also to other methods of conservative treatment. An increase in fracture risk by 16% was found in those osteoporotic patients who had poor adherence to treatment. When treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the risk of adverse events from the upper gastrointestinal tract in patients with low adherence to therapy with proton pump inhibitors increased 4.0 times. The rate of progression of the disease, the degree of functional disorders and the level of patients’ life quality depend on the level of adherence to treatment.
THE ANALYSIS OF THE DISEASE INCIDENCE AND LABOR LOSSES IN THE ARMED FORCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS FROM 2017 TO 2020
Authors:   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Tsygankov A.M. , Lyatos I.A. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University
Published: May 2022

The issue of studying the level of morbidity and labor losses in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus has always been thorny. It is connected with the implementation of measures aimed at early and proper diagnosis, limited choice of effective means of specific prophylaxis and treatment. This issue is particularly pressing now, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The layering of COVID-19 on the seasonal rise of respiratory diseases leads to an increase in the number of hospitalizations (conscripts are subject to inpatient treatment according to epidemic indications for any degree of the disease severity). For hospitalization, they have to use the capacities of state healthcare institutions, which face the same problem. Considering the interest of the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus in studying this problem, we have analyzed the medical reports of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus on Form 3/MED during 2017-2020 using statistical methods of SSPP 22 statistics package. The emphasis was placed on I, X, XXI classes according to the International Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death of the 10th revision (ICD-10). As a result of the statistical data analysis, the growth of morbidity and labor losses of the servicemen in the Belarusian Armed Forces in 2020 was clearly demonstrated, which explained by the impact of COVID-19. COVID-19 could be established in the structure of morbidity of servicemen for 2020 in 10292 (15.41%) cases and 76502 days (22.60%) in the structure of labor losses. This calls for revising documents concerning the activities of military medical institutions and units under the conditions of pandemics.
Políticas públicas, dificultades de acceso al suelo y asentamientos populares en Patagonia
Authors: Bachiller Santiago
Published: May 2022

El presente dossier forma parte de un proyecto de investigación que giró en torno a las dificultades de acceso al suelo que padecen los sectores populares en distintas ciudades patagónicas. En dicho proyecto, nos focalizamos en los procesos de tomas de tierras y la conformación de asentamientos populares en Cipolletti, San Carlos de Bariloche (provincia de Río Negro) y Comodoro Rivadavia (provincia de Chubut) durante la etapa caracterizada como “postconvertibilidad” (2003-2015; período que coincide con las gobernaciones nacionales kirchneristas). En concreto, el objetivo del dossier consiste en analizar el rol del Estado en los procesos de conformación del hábitat popular. Para ello, proponemos una revisión de las principales políticas de suelo y de vivienda llevadas adelante en las tres localidades estudiadas. Partiendo del mercado como el principal mecanismo a través del cual se estructuran los usos y precios de suelo en las ciudades, ponemos en tensión la capacidad que tiene el Estado, a través de las políticas urbanas, para operar como agente transformador del territorio, incidir en el funcionamiento del mercado de tierras y garantizar el acceso al hábitat para los sectores populares. En el caso de las ciudades patagónicas, dicha situación se vincula con la incidencia de las políticas públicas en el desarrollo de modelos de acumulación mono productivos (como lo son el turismo en Bariloche, y la explotación extractiva de recursos naturales en Comodoro Rivadavia y Cipolletti), así como en las altas tasas de incremento demográfico vividas durante el período examinado.
Caracterización de las localidades
Authors: Giaretto Mariana , Hernando Ailín , Bachiller Santiago , Carrasco María Laura , Chanampa Magali , Freddo Bianca , Usach Natalia , Vazquez Letizia , Guevara Tomás , Marigo Pablo
Published: May 2022

Con el propósito de cumplir con el objetivo general del dossier, el cual supone analizar el rol del Estado en los procesos de conformación del hábitat popular en tres ciudades patagónicas, enfocándonos en las principales políticas de suelo y de vivienda, consideramos necesario generar un apartado dedicado a caracterizar cada una de las localidades que componen el estudio. De tal modo, el presente texto se organiza en torno a información sobre la ubicación de Comodoro Rivadavia, San Carlos de Bariloche y Cipolletti, la historia y el perfil productivo de estas ciudades, datos demográficos como la tasa de crecimiento poblacional, los flujos migratorios, el nivel de desempleo, pobreza o de necesidades básicas insatisfechas, etc. En tal sentido, destacamos la evolución de las estadísticas ligadas con el déficit habitacional, así como establecemos una primera aproximación sobre la presencia de asentamientos en cada localidad. En la introducción general de la publicación detallamos sobre las estrategias metodológicas implementadas, pero cabe resaltar para esta sección que las mismas se basaron en fuentes como los censos nacionales de población elaborados por el Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas, al igual que en entrevistas a referentes de los gobiernos locales y habitantes de asentamientos populares.
Políticas públicas y acceso al hábitat en Cipolletti (2003-2015): política urbana y política represiva en la criminalización de tomas de tierras
Authors: Giaretto Mariana
Published: May 2022

En este artículo abordamos los modos de intervención del Estado en la problemática de acceso al suelo urbano por parte de los sectores populares en la ciudad de Cipolletti, Río Negro, durante la posconvertibilidad. Analizamos algunas de las principales políticas públicas orientadas a la planificación urbana, a la producción de suelo urbano y vivienda, de acceso a crédito y también políticas de erradicación y relocalización de asentamientos informales.

Además del análisis de diversas fuentes documentales, realizamos entrevistas a funcionarixs, referentes del mercado inmobiliario y referentes de tomas de tierras, que nos permitieron advertir que se despliegan sistemáticamente procesos de criminalización contra quienes toman tierras para habitarlas. De este modo, la criminalización de las tomas de tierras se presenta como reverso de la política urbana.

A pesar de esta combinación entre política urbana y política represiva, la mitad de los barrios de la ciudad permanecen bajo condiciones de precariedad habitacional. Periódicamente surgen nuevas tomas, revelando que las políticas públicas adoptan la forma de un proceso de ensayo y error bajo una racionalidad acotada, que solo posibilita salir del paso sin lograr solucionar el problema del acceso a la vivienda y a la ciudad.
Políticas públicas de acceso al suelo y a la vivienda en Comodoro Rivadavia
Authors: Bachiller Santiago , Carrasco María Laura , Vazquez Letizia
Published: May 2022

El objetivo del artículo consiste en analizar las políticas públicas ligadas a las dificultades de acceso al suelo y/o a la vivienda, focalizando la atención en los asentamientos populares de Comodoro Rivadavia (Chubut). En el primer apartado examinamos los instrumentos de gestión urbana existentes: Planes Estratégicos, proyectos de códigos urbanísticos, programas de gestión del suelo, etc. La segunda sección se centra en la legislación que regula el acceso al suelo fiscal en la ciudad, así como nos dedicamos a reflexionar sobre el Estado como propietario de tierras y como productor de espacio construido (para ello, evaluamos la magnitud de los vacíos urbanos al interior del ejido comodorense). Más allá de los instrumentos formales, y ante una realidad urbana muy dinámica dominada por los ritmos del mercado mundial del petróleo, en Comodoro los criterios de excepcionalidad han adquirido notable relevancia en las prácticas estatales encaminadas a “ordenar” la expansión urbana. Así, sostenemos que la planificación urbana históricamente priorizó la extracción y circulación de hidrocarburos. En el tercer apartado se desarrollan las políticas de mejoramiento habitacional implementadas en Comodoro Rivadavia, mientras que el siguiente título gira en torno a ciertas tendencias detectadas con relación a las políticas habitacionales: la incapacidad estatal a la hora de proveer vivienda en una escala acorde con la magnitud de la demanda habitacional; las políticas de viviendas sociales suelen pensar de manera fragmentada al espacio; las entidades intermedias han cobrado un papel central en la implementación de las políticas habitacionales, etc. El último apartado se focaliza en el sistema de créditos hipotecarios: el mismo no ha tenido impacto a la hora de morigerar las necesidades habitacionales de la ciudad.
Dificultades de acceso al suelo, políticas urbanas y asentamientos populares en Patagonia: reflexiones finales
Authors: Bachiller Santiago
Published: May 2022

Las conclusiones del dossier se basan en una metodología comparativa que profundiza en la especificidad patagónica respecto de las dificultades de acceso al suelo, las políticas urbanas, y la conformación de asentamientos mediante tomas de tierras. En tal sentido, primero retomamos algunos rasgos básicos de la historia urbana patagónica, para luego recuperar el contexto de nuestro estudio: la etapa de posconvertibilidad se caracterizó por la paradójica coexistencia de un significativo crecimiento económico con la intensificación de las dinámicas de expulsión urbana. A su vez, en las conclusiones consideramos denominadores comunes en cuanto a planificación urbana en Patagonia, volvemos a la caracterización del modo de proceder estatal mediante una lógica de ensayo y error (destacando cuestiones como el peso de la excepcionalidad en las prácticas urbanísticas estatales), evidenciamos la incapacidad estatal para afrontar la magnitud del déficit habitacional en las tres ciudades, etc. En este texto destacamos las propuestas estatales en materia de asentamientos populares: encontramos un palimpsesto de políticas donde conviven programas de regularización, lógicas de criminalización y/o de erradicación, de relocalización o de “apatía tolerante”; en todo caso, en las tres localidades observamos una tendencia hacia la estigmatización e invisibilización de los barrios surgidos mediante tomas de tierras. Por último, revisamos la existencia de instrumentos de participación de rentas urbanas; si bien en el plano formal observamos diferencias entre las ciudades, lo cierto es que ninguna ha generado avances sustanciales en lo que refiere a revertir el déficit habitacional.
PUBLIC AND LEGAL NATURE OF EXTREMIST AND TERRORIST ILLEGAL ACTIONS FIXATION MEANS IN STATE PROTECTION BODY EMPLOYEES’ ACTIVITY
Authors:   Russian Federation Security Guard Service Federal Academy, Shulyakovskaya Yu.M.
Published: May 2022

The public and legal bases of law enforcement activity of state protection officers in the context of revealing and suppression of extremist and terrorist activity are analyzed. The expediency of improvement of administrative and procedural activity of the State Security Service employees, in the order of drawing up protocols on administrative offence, including the implementation of anti-extremist activity is substantiated.
LEGAL REGULATION OF CADASTRAL ACTIVITY IN RUSSIA: EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution “FKP Rosreestr” in the Moscow Region, Zazolina E.V.
Published: May 2022

The legal foundations of the functioning of the Institute of cadastral activity in Russia are considered. The author gives a brief historical information about the formation origins of the surveying procedure in Russia. The development stage of the cadastral activity industry since 2001, as well as the state of modern Russian legislation in this area are analyzed. Proposals are made to improve the current legislation in the field of cadastral activity.
Using the EPAs to Evaluate the Clinical Experience of Medical Students
Authors: Bosinski Cameron , Rice Marissa , Mason Matthew , Germain Lauren J.
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Although there are standardized assessments of medical students throughout medical school, the clinical experience of each student may vary widely. Currently, medical schools do not have a systematic method to ensure that students perform clinical skills during clinical clerkships. Our study used the Entrustable Professional Activities for Entering Residency (EPAs) framework to assess the ways in which medical students meaningfully participate in patient care at various clinical sites in each required clerkship and over time.
Methods: Over the 2020-2021 academic year, 170 third-year medical students were asked to report the number of times they performed EPA-1 (gather history and perform physical examination), EPA-5 (document clinical encounter), and EPA-6 (provide oral presentation of clinical encounter) at the end of each required clinical rotation (emergency medicine, internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics/gynecology, pediatrics, neurology, psychiatry) at a single medical school. We used descriptive statistics and t tests to compare frequency of these EPAs by campus type, site type, clerkship, and time.
Results: One thousand, two hundred sixty-one surveys met inclusion criteria. Students performed EPA-5 more often at an academic medical center, and EPA-1 more frequently in the outpatient setting. Students performed EPA-1 and EPA-6 most often during emergency medicine and EPA-5 most often during internal medicine. Performance of all three EPAs increased over time.
Conclusion: This reporting system produced a robust data set that allowed for EPA performance comparisons by campus, site type, clerkship, and time. EPA performance varied by rotation, site type, clerkship, and time.
Species losses, gains, and changes in persistent species are associated with distinct effects on ecosystem functioning in global grasslands
Authors: Ladouceur Emma , Blowes Shane , Chase Jonathan , Clark Adam , Garbowski Magda , Alberti Juan , Arnillas Carlos , Bakker Jonathan , Barrio Isabel C. , Bharath Siddharth , Borer Elizabeth , Brudvig Lars , Cadotte Marc , Chen Q. Q. , Collins Scott , Dickman Christopher , Donohue Ian , Du Guo-Zhen , Ebeling Anne , Eisenhauer Nico , Fay Philip , Hagenah Nicole , Hautier Yann , Jentsch Anke , Jónsdóttir Ingibjörg Svala , Komatsu Kimberly , MacDougall Andrew , Martina Jason , Moore Joslin , Morgan John , Peri Pablo , Power Sally A , Ren Zhengwei , Risch Anita , Roscher Christiane , Schuchardt Max , Seabloom Eric , Stevens Carly , Veen Ciska , Virtanen Risto , Wardle Glenda , Wilfahrt Peter , Harpole Stan
Published: May 2022

Global change drivers such as anthropogenic nutrient inputs
simultaneously alter biodiversity, species composition, and ecosystem
functions such as aboveground biomass. These changes are interconnected
by complex feedbacks among extinction, colonization, and shifting
relative abundance. Here, we use a novel temporal application of the
Price equation to quantify the functional contributions of species that
are lost, gained, and persist under ambient and experimental nutrient
addition in 59 global grasslands. Under ambient conditions,
compositional and biomass turnover was high, but species losses (i.e.,
local extinctions) were balanced by gains (i.e. colonization). There was
biomass loss associated with species loss under fertilization. Few
species were gained in fertilized conditions over time but those that
were, and species that persisted, contributed to net biomass gains,
outweighing biomass loss. These components of community change are key
to understanding the relationship between change in composition,
diversity and functioning.
The Effect of Therapeutic Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Combination with Glucocorticoids on Children with Acute Exogenous Lipoid Pneumonia
Authors: Yang Sen , Wu Shangzhi , Xu Jiaxing , Lin Yuneng , Huang Zhanhang , Chen Xiaowen , Xu Qingyun , Chen De-hui , Lu Chengyu
Published: May 2022

Background: Exogenous lipoid pneumonia(ELP) is a rare disease
caused by the inhalation of oily materials in the alveoli with the
pathological characterization by the presence of laden-lipid macrophages
in the respiratory specimens. At present, the treatment norm for ELP has
not well defined, and so the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect
of bronchoalveolar lavage in combination with glucocorticoids on
children with ELP. Methods and Materials: We retrospectively
reviewed 17 children with a confirmed history of exogenous oily
materials aspiration, admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of
Guangzhou Medical University from June 2012 to December 2021. Clinical
features, blood investigations, tomographic evaluations, therapeutic
bronchoalveolar lavage and glucocorticoids use were carried out at the
beginning of therapy and throughout a follow-up period.
Results: The included children are the median age of 2 years.
Fever, dypnea and tachypnea were the most common symptoms. The most
common radiological features were airspace consolidations(15, 93.75%).
Chest CT scans showed areas of consolidation with air bronchogram(15,
93.75%), Poorly defined centrilobular nodules(13, 81.25%), areas of
ground-glass attenuation(11, 68.75%), and ‘crazy-paving’ pattern(6,
37.5%) in the both lower, right middle lung lobes. Neutrophil
percentage of peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
exhibited a significantly higher than the normal range. After treatment
with multiple bronchoalveolar lavages and local administration of
budesonide during the hospital stay, taken by oral
prednisolone(1~2mg/kg) after discharge,all of children
became asymptomatic and presented normal radiological imagings in the
follow-up period. Conclusion:The most frequently findings in
the CT scan of ELP were consolidations and ground-glass attenuation in
the both lower and right middle lung lobes.Multiple bronchoalveolar
lavages in combination with oral prednisolone for children who had a
confirmed history of exogenous oily substances ingestion was an
efficient and safe for the clearance of oily materials from the lung and
the prevention of fibrosis. This strategy contributed to reducing the
damage of ELP in children patients.
Spinal cord stimulation for the treatment of refractory stump pain: A case report
Authors: cao qi-wang , yi yi , luo ping-ping , song xudong
Published: May 2022

A 51-year-old woman with stump pain was hospitalized in our department.
After discussion with our medical team, a spinal cord stimulation
treatment plan was developed. The operation went smoothly. After 12 mo
of follow-up, the pain was significantly relieved and good results were
achieved.