bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults: what the non-specialist needs to know
Authors: Johnson Joe , Morris Sarah , George Sanju
Published: March 2020

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a persistent, pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder, characterised by the core features of hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention. While previously thought to be a condition that only affects children, it is now well recognised that in a significant proportion of cases both symptoms and associated impairment will persist into adulthood. Nevertheless, many cases are missed or misdiagnosed because of the lack of awareness of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder as a potential diagnosis in adults, the number of symptoms that overlap with other psychiatric conditions, and the high rates of comorbidity. However, once correctly diagnosed, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder responds well to treatment, particularly pharmacological intervention. This article gives an overview of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with special emphasis on the diagnosis and pharmacological treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults.
Estudio psicométrico de una escala sobre dificultades, sentimientos y expectativas en el aprendizaje del mapa mental en educación superior
Authors: Muñoz González Juan Manuel , Marín Díaz Verónica , Hidalgo Ariza María Dolores
Published: March 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN. El mapa mental se considera una técnica de aprendizaje que aprovecha todo el potencial del cerebro al combinar elementos como conceptos, relaciones entre ideas, imagen, colores y formas, permitiendo la construcción del conocimiento mucho más significativa. MÉTODO. Este artículo presenta el proceso de adaptación y validación al contexto de estudio de la escala “Cuestionario sobre dificultades y expectativas en el aprendizaje del Mapa Mental en Educación Superior” la cual pretende analizar las dificultades que aparecen durante el aprendizaje de la estrategia por parte del alumnado universitario, en su formación inicial docente, considerando tanto los sentimientos surgidos durante la dinámica realizada, como las expectativas de uso en su futuro profesional, una vez adquirido el dominio técnico. En este sentido, se han realizado dos estudios descriptivos por encuesta de carácter transversal. El cuestionario fue administrado, en primer lugar, a una muestra de 206 estudiantes y, en segundo lugar, a un total de 409 discentes de los Grados de Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria, así como del Máster de Educación Inclusiva de la Universidad de Córdoba (España). Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis descriptivos, comparativa de medias, correlacionales, estudio de la consistencia interna y de la estructura factorial mediante análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. RESULTADOS. Los resultados muestran que se trata de un instrumento con unos índices de bondad de ajuste altos, así como una validez y fiabilidad que muestran que el modelo es adecuado y coherente con los supuestos teóricos de partida. DISCUSIÓN. En definitiva, los resultados muestran un instrumento susceptible de aplicación en contextos de estudio similares.
Designing laser beams carrying OAM for a high-performance underwater communication system
Authors: Avramov-Zamurovic Svetlana , Watnik Abbie T. , Lindle James R. , Judd K. Peter
Published: March 2020

We present a design methodology for creating a distinct laser beam set
suitable for detection by using only the recorded intensity pattern.
We consider four coherent Laguerre–Gaussian beams carrying orbital
angular momentum (OAM) to form the basis for optical communication.
The complex electric fields of the beams are superimposed to create 16
dissimilar intensity patterns. The presented beam set design method
considers the beam generation hardware limitations and aims to
minimize the correlation among the messages and maximize their
intensity differences. After propagating the 16 messages through a
water channel, we measured high correlation, intensity similarity, and
R-squared values for the identical messages and low values for the
different ones. Distinct clustering between the measurements for the
matching messages and the rest allows us to set a threshold in the gap
among the groupings and successfully classify the received images.
Experimental demonstration of metamaterial anisotropy engineering for broadband on-chip polarization beam splitting
Authors: Herrero-Bermello Alaine , Dias-Ponte Antonio , Luque-González José Manuel , Ortega-Moñux Alejandro , Velasco Aitor V. , Cheben Pavel , Halir Robert
Published: March 2020

Subwavelength metamaterials exhibit a strong anisotropy that can be leveraged to implement high-performance polarization handling devices in silicon-on-insulator. Whereas these devices benefit from single-etch step fabrication, many of them require small feature sizes or specialized cladding materials. The anisotropic response of subwavelength metamaterials can be further engineered by tilting its constituent elements away from the optical axis, providing an additional degree of freedom in the design. In this work, we demonstrate this feature through the design, fabrication and experimental characterization of a robust multimode interference polarization beam splitter based on tilted subwavelength gratings. A 110-nm minimum feature size and a standard silicon dioxide cladding are maintained. The resulting device exhibits insertion loss as low as 1 dB, an extinction ratio better than 13 dB in a 120-nm bandwidth, and robust tolerances to fabrication deviations.
SiPhotonics/GaAs 28-GHz Transceiver for mmWave-over-Fiber Laser-Less Active Antenna Units
Authors: Bogaert L. , Van Kerrebrouck J. , Li H. , de Paula I. L. , Van Gasse K. , Lemey S. , Rogier H. , Demeester P. , Roelkens G. , Bauwelinck J. , Torfs G.
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate a 28 GHz radio-over-fiber system with laser-less, low-cost active antenna units using silicon photonics and a GaAs driver and LNA. 7-Gb/s downlink and uplink throughput was achieved over 2km SSMF and 5m wireless.
Full-Speed Testing of Silicon Photonic Electro-Optic Modulators from Picowatt-level Scattered Light
Authors: Wang Xiaoxi , Korzh Boris A. , Shaw Matthew D. , Mookherjea Shayan
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate a technique for measuring the full-speed performance of integrated modulators from ultraweak surface-coupled and scattered light. This can enable rapid characterization of unpackaged, high-speed wafer-scale integrated photonics without test ports or special fabrication.
First Demonstration of Hollow-Core-Fiber Cable for Low Latency Data Transmission
Authors: Zhu B. , Mangan B. J. , Kremp T. , Puc G. S. , Mikhailov V. , Dube K. , Dulashko Y. , Cortes M. , lian Y. , Marceau K. , Violette B. , Cartsounis D. , Lago R. , Savran B. , Inniss D. , DiGiovanni D. J.
Published: March 2020

We present the first field-deployable hollow-core-fiber (HCF) cable and successfirlly demonstrate an error-free transmission of direct-detection 10Gb/s DWDM signals over a 3.1km cascaded HCF cable link, enabling 31% latency reduction compared to solid-corefiber cable.
Gain and Temporal Equalizer for Multi-Mode Systems
Authors: Mazur Mikael , Fontaine Nicolas K. , Zhang Yuanhang , Chen Haoshuo , Kim K.W. , Veronese Riccardo , Li Guifang , Palmieri Luca , Bigot Marianne , Sillard Pierre , Ryf Roland , Neilson David T.
Published: March 2020

We present a device enabling individual spectro-temporal control of 15 spatial modes. Realizing independent control over both polarizations on each mode, flexible attenuation and ±20ps of tunable delay over bandwidths exceeding 100 nm is enabled.
Demonstration of photonic neural network for fiber nonlinearity compensation in long-haul transmission systems
Authors: Huang Chaoran , Fujisawa Shinsuke , de Lima Thomas Ferreira , Tait Alexander N. , Blow Eric , Tian Yue , Bilodeau Simon , Jha Aashu , Yaman Fatih , Batshon Hussam G. , Peng Hsuan-Tung , Shastri Bhavin J. , Inada Yoshihisa , Wang Ting , Prucnal Paul. R.
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate the experimental implementation of photonic neural network for fiber nonlinearity compensation over a 10,080 km trans-pacific transmission link. Q-factor improvement of 0.51 dB is achieved with only 0.06 dB lower than numerical simulations.
Effects of third-order dispersion on temporal soliton compression in dispersion-engineered silicon photonic crystal waveguides
Authors: Liao Jiali , Gao Yang , Sun Yanling , Ma Lin , Lu Zhenzhong , Li Xiujian
Published: March 2020

High-order temporal soliton compression in dispersion-engineered silicon photonic crystal waveguides will play an important role in future integrated photonic circuits compatible with complementary metal–oxide–semiconductors. Here, we report the physical mechanisms of high-order temporal soliton compression affected by third-order dispersion (TOD) combined with free carrier dispersion (FCD) in a dispersion engineered silicon photonic crystal waveguide with wideband low anomalous dispersion. Through numerical temporal soliton evolution analysis, we report what we believe is the first demonstration of the dual opposite effects of TOD on temporal soliton compression, which are strengthening or weakening through two different physical mechanisms, not only depending on the sign of TOD but also the relative magnitude of TOD-induced equivalent group velocity dispersion (GVD)

β

2
,
equ

to the original GVD

β
2

. We further find that FCD counteracts the effects of negative TOD on the soliton compression, while it reinforces the effects of positive TOD on the soliton compression. These results will help to design suitable dispersion-engineered silicon waveguides for superior on-chip temporal pulse compression in optical communications and processing application fields.
Industrial Assessment of the Carbonate Rocks of the Pila Spi Formation at Haibat Sultan Mountain, Iraqi Kurdistan Region
Authors: Sissakian Varoujan K. , Hamawandy Mohammed J. , Ibrahim Rahel K.
Published: March 2020

The Pila Spi Formation is one of the prominent formations forming continuous ridges in Kurdistan Region. The thickness of the formation ranges from 15 to 110 m, consisting of well-bedded limestone, dolomite, dolomitic limestone, and very rare marl beds. The study area is located about 15 km east of Koya town, next to the abandoned tunnel through a deeply cut valley which has exposed 50 m of the formation. However, the uppermost part of the exposed section may belong to one of the Oligocene formations of Kirkuk Group. The study area was selected within the Pila Spi Formation because the rocks of the same formation and along the same ridge, about 45 km west of the study area showed encouraging results for cement industry. The average CaO is about 51%, whereas the average MgO is 1.8%. Therefore, eight samples were collected at constant thickness from the exposed section. The samples were subjected to X-ray fluorescence (XRF) test to indicate the main oxides in the sampled section. The acquired results from the XRF tests showed that the chemical composition of the exposed rocks within the Pila Spi Formation is suitable for cement industry, also for paper and paint but needs some treatment. Accordingly, another eight samples were collected from the same section to increase the density of sampling, totaling to 16 samples.
Potato Peels and Mixed Grasses as Raw Materials for Biofuel Production
Authors: Omar Shaaban Z. , Hasan Ayad H. , Lalov Ivo
Published: March 2020

Biogas and fuel ethanol are renewable energy sources, can be produced from complex organic materials that are decomposed by microorganisms in the anaerobic digestion method. Potato peels (PPs) and mixed Lolium perenne and Dactylis glomerata grasses were assessed as a potential substrate for biomethanation in a batch method under mesophilic condition (35°C) and ethanol fermentation. The first approach of this work was focused on pretreatment of PPs using acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis to produce biogas and ethanol fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Safbrew S-33. These experiments proved that enzymatic hydrolysis produced 1.2 g/L of ethanol involved 115 h of fermentation and 665 ml/h of biogas after 451 h of biomethanation, this was more than the outcomes of acidic treatment. The second approach was concentrated on ability of biogas and ethanol production from mixed grasses treated with different acid concentrations that produced 0.16 g/L ethanol over 8 days of fermentation and 500 ml/h of biogas after 13 days of methanation technique. In general, the results pointed out that PPs and combined grasses can be used as potential substrates with raw materials for biogas and ethanol production.
Effectiveness of Diet Refeeds and Diet Breaks as a Precontest Strategy
Authors: Escalante Guillermo , Campbell Bill I. , Norton Layne
Published: March 2020

Physique competitors focus on optimizing body composition through maximizing muscle mass and loss of body fat. Competitors frequently experiment with various methodologies purported to improve body composition, but often, there is a lack of evidence on their efficacy. Emerging evidence suggests that intermittent energy restriction (IER) methodologies such as refeeds and diet breaks may offer various benefits to competitors by improving fat loss efficiency, lean body mass retention, and attenuating metabolic adaptation to weight loss. This review examines these methodologies and the evidence for their efficacy and proposes practical ways to implement IER that may benefit physique competitors.
Components of Endocannabinoid Signaling System Are Expressed in the Perinatal Mouse Cerebellum and Required for Its Normal Development
Authors: Martinez Luis Ricardo , Black Kylie Caroline , Webb Brynna Tellas , Bell Alexandria , Baygani Shawyon Kevin , Mier Tristen Jay , Dominguez Luis , Mackie Ken , Kalinovsky Anna
Published: March 2020

Endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling system (ECS), encompassing cannabinoid receptors and enzymes involved in the synthesis and degradation of the endogenous cannabinoid signaling lipids, is highly expressed in the cerebellar cortex of adult humans and rodents. In addition to their well-established role in neuromodulation, eCBs have been shown to play key roles in aspects of neurodevelopment in the fore- and mid-brain, including neurogenesis, cell migration, and synapse specification. However, little is known about the role of ECS in cerebellar development. In this study, we conducted immunohistochemical characterization of ECS components through key stages of cerebellar development in mice using antibodies for 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) synthetizing and degrading enzymes and the major brain cannabinoid receptor, cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), in combination with cerebellar cell markers. Our results reveal a temporally, spatially, and cytologically dynamic pattern of expression. Production, receptor binding, and degradation of eCBs are tightly controlled, thus localization of eCB receptors and the complementary cannabinoid signaling machinery determines the direction, duration, and ultimately the outcome of eCB signaling. To gain insights into the role of eCB signaling in cerebellar development, we characterized gross anatomy of cerebellar midvermis in CB1 knock-out (CB1 KO) mice, as well as their performance in cerebellar-influenced motor tasks. Our results show persistent and selective anatomic and behavioral alterations in CB1 KOs. Consequently, the insights gained from this study lay down the foundation for investigating specific cellular and molecular mechanisms regulated by eCB signaling during cerebellar development.
Alpha Activity Reflects the Magnitude of an Individual Bias in Human Perception
Authors: Grabot Laetitia , Kayser Christoph
Published: March 2020

Biases in sensory perception can arise from both experimental manipulations and personal trait-like features. These idiosyncratic biases and their neural underpinnings are often overlooked in studies on the physiology underlying perception. A potential candidate mechanism reflecting such idiosyncratic biases could be spontaneous alpha band activity, a prominent brain rhythm known to influence perceptual reports in general. Using a temporal order judgment task, we here tested the hypothesis that alpha power reflects the overcoming of an idiosyncratic bias. Importantly, to understand the interplay between idiosyncratic biases and contextual (temporary) biases induced by experimental manipulations, we quantified this relation before and after temporal recalibration. Using EEG recordings in human participants (male and female), we find that prestimulus frontal alpha power correlates with the tendency to respond relative to an own idiosyncratic bias, with stronger α leading to responses matching the bias. In contrast, alpha power does not predict response correctness. These results also hold after temporal recalibration and are specific to the alpha band, suggesting that alpha band activity reflects, directly or indirectly, processes that help to overcome an individual's momentary bias in perception. We propose that combined with established roles of parietal α in the encoding of sensory information frontal α reflects complementary mechanisms influencing perceptual decisions.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe brain is a biased organ, frequently generating systematically distorted percepts of the world, leading each of us to evolve in our own subjective reality. However, such biases are often overlooked or considered noise when studying the neural mechanisms underlying perception. We show that spontaneous alpha band activity predicts the degree of biasedness of human choices in a time perception task, suggesting that alpha activity indexes processes needed to overcome an individual's idiosyncratic bias. This result provides a window onto the neural underpinnings of subjective perception, and offers the possibility to quantify or manipulate such priors in future studies.
High‐grade mesenchymal pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma drives stromal deactivation through CSF‐1
Authors: Steins Anne , van Mackelenbergh Madelaine G , van der Zalm Amber P , Klaassen Remy , Serrels Bryan , Goris Sandrine G , Kocher Hemant M , Waasdorp Cynthia , de Jong Joan H , Tekin Cansu , Besselink Marc G , Busch Olivier R , van de Vijver Marc J , Verheij Joanne , Dijk Frederike , van Tienhoven Geertjan , Wilmink Johanna W , Medema Jan Paul , van Laarhoven Hanneke WM , Bijlsma Maarten F
Published: March 2020

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by an abundance of stroma. Multiple molecular classification efforts have identified a mesenchymal tumor subtype that is consistently characterized by high‐grade growth and poor clinical outcome. The relation between PDAC stroma and tumor subtypes is still unclear. Here, we aimed to identify how PDAC cells instruct the main cellular component of stroma, the pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs). We found in primary tissue that high‐grade PDAC had reduced collagen deposition compared to low‐grade PDAC. Xenografts and organotypic co‐cultures established from mesenchymal‐like PDAC cells featured reduced collagen and activated PSC content. Medium transfer experiments using a large set of PDAC cell lines revealed that mesenchymal‐like PDAC cells consistently downregulated ACTA2 and COL1A1 expression in PSCs and reduced proliferation. We identified colony‐stimulating factor 1 as the mesenchymal PDAC‐derived ligand that deactivates PSCs, and inhibition of its receptor CSF1R was able to counteract this effect. In conclusion, high‐grade PDAC features stroma that is low in collagen and activated PSC content, and targeting CSF1R offers direct options to maintain a tumor‐restricting microenvironment.
Hacia un breve glosario queer: algunas nociones acerca del género, la sexualidad y la teoría queer
Authors: Cordova Quero Hugo
Published: March 2020

Este artículo busca corregir la necesidad de contar con un lenguaje común en los estudios queer. Tanto en la academia como en el activismo, se ha hecho evidente en los últimos años que, aunque usamos la misma terminología, no siempre nos entendemos. Cuestionar y desafiar las definiciones aprendidas y las prácticas arraigadas, a menudo por prejuicios, implica examinar los términos de la diversidad sexo-genérica. Este artículo no busca agotar la discusión ni hegemonizarla imponiéndose como paradigma. El objetivo, al contrario, es iniciar un diálogo que nos debemos en América Latina, en busca de una comprensión mutua de lo que queremos decir cuando usamos términos específicos de diversidad sexo-genérica. Para ello, antes de examinar cada palabra, presento una breve revisión, como recordatorio, sobre lo que es la teoría queer. Soy consciente de que, desde la teoría queer, es imposible definir o encasillar conceptos y situaciones sin caer en su colonización y clausura. Por lo tanto, el tono del artículo gira en torno al diálogo y expresión de una forma particular de ver cada término sin considerar que su explicación aquí sea definitiva o final.
Las brechas socioeconómicas y su relación con la corrupción: elementos claves a la hora de formular políticas públicas
Authors: Mosquera Leyner , González Zapata Alexandra
Published: March 2020

En el presente documento, se abordan elementos que aportan evidencia empírica para la construcción y puesta en marcha de políticas públicas eficientes, efectivas y eficaces, acorde a las características regionales de Colombia. Se analiza de forma descriptiva el panorama de las políticas públicas en Colombia y se exponen las dinámicas del contexto socioeconómico de Colombia a nivel de subregiones, mediante un estudio de caso sobre el litoral Pacífico. Finalmente, se desarrolla un análisis empírico con un modelo de lineales con efectos fijos y se aplica la metodología de panel. Los principales resultados sugieren que la desigualdad, las brechas sociales y económicas están correlacionadas con la corrupción. El presente trabajo se une a la amplia literatura de elementos para diseñar políticas públicas de mayor impacto en países con amplia desigualdad, como es el caso de Colombia.
Epidemiology of COVID-19 Among Children in China
Authors: Dong Yuanyuan , Mo Xi , Hu Yabin , Qi Xin , Jiang Fan , Jiang Zhongyi , Tong Shilu
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE:

To identify the epidemiological characteristics and transmission patterns of pediatric patients with the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China.

METHODS:

Nationwide case series of 2135 pediatric patients with COVID-19 reported to the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from January 16, 2020, to February 8, 2020, were included. The epidemic curves were constructed by key dates of disease onset and case diagnosis. Onset-to-diagnosis curves were constructed by fitting a log-normal distribution to data on both onset and diagnosis dates.

RESULTS:

There were 728 (34.1%) laboratory-confirmed cases and 1407 (65.9%) suspected cases. The median age of all patients was 7 years (interquartile range: 2–13 years), and 1208 case patients (56.6%) were boys. More than 90% of all patients had asymptomatic, mild, or moderate cases. The median time from illness onset to diagnoses was 2 days (range: 0–42 days). There was a rapid increase of disease at the early stage of the epidemic, and then there was a gradual and steady decrease. The disease rapidly spread from Hubei province to surrounding provinces over time. More children were infected in Hubei province than any other province.

CONCLUSIONS:

Children of all ages appeared susceptible to COVID-19, and there was no significant sex difference. Although clinical manifestations of children’s COVID-19 cases were generally less severe than those of adult patients, young children, particularly infants, were vulnerable to infection. The distribution of children’s COVID-19 cases varied with time and space, and most of the cases were concentrated in Hubei province and surrounding areas. Furthermore, this study provides strong evidence of human-to-human transmission.
Toma de decisiones para el manejo de los síntomas de falla cardíaca: protocolo de intervención
Authors: Herrera Guerra Eugenia Del Pilar , Céspedes cuevas Viviana Marycel
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: dar a conocer el diseño,implementación y evaluación de una intervención de enfermería: “Toma de decisiones para el manejo de los síntomas en adultos con falla cardíaca”.Métodos: se realizó un proceso sistemático propuesto por Sidani yBraden que contempla cuatro fases: diseño de la intervención, operacionalización de la intervención en un manual de intervención, estudio de aceptabilidad, viabilidad y efectividad de la intervención y traducción de la intervención.Resultados: se diseñó la intervención según los postulados de la teoría de situación específica autocuidado en falla cardíaca, centrada en la toma de decisiones para el manejo de los síntomas en adultos con falla cardíaca. Los expertos (n = 5) evaluaron satisfactoriamente el nivel teórico del protocolo (índice de cumplimiento 90 %). La tasa de reclutamiento de los participantes fue exitosa (91,6 %). En una muestra final para el análisis (n = 105) se halló una mejora significativa en el grupo de intervención (n = 53) en el mantenimiento del autocuidado [F (1,103) = 719,6; p = 0,000; 𝜂2𝑝 =0,88 ( = f de Cohen ́s = 2,65)] y en lagestión del autocuidado [F (1,74) = 23501,07;p = 0,000; 𝜂2𝑝 = 0,97 ( = f de Cohen ́s = 5,6)] comparado con el grupo de control(n = 52) que recibió la atención habitual.Conclusiones: se demuestra la fidelidad teórica y operacional, la factibilidad y efectividad del protocolo de una intervención de enfermería para mejorar el autocuidado en adultos con falla cardíaca con un tamaño de efecto grande.
Materiais didáticos aplicados no ensino de Língua Inglesa tematizados na escrita de Relatórios de Estágio
Authors: Melo Lívia Chaves
Published: March 2020

Within the interdisciplinary field of Applied Linguistics, this research proposes analyzing how the Supervised Internship Reports that focus the use of didactic materials applied in the teaching and learning English language during the practicum activities help pre-serve teachers to reflect upon the teaching practice. Dialogical studies of language according to Bakhtin’s perspective is the theoretical apparatus that guided this research. Qualitative research approach and the methodology of documentation were applied to characterize supervised internship reports. The research results show that the use of didactic materials it is focused in the writing of the Supervised Internship reports, however, it is essential to invest in the adaptation and production of materials that attend the objectives and characteristics of the English language teaching contexts.
Help the newbie! Bringing politeness theory and netiquette together in the EAL classroom
Authors: Gomes Graziella Steigleder
Published: March 2020

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Changes in cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular health in the workplace: a case study
Authors: Torres Georgia , Gradidge Philippe , Constantinou Demitri
Published: March 2020

Background: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular (CV) and all-cause mortality, contributing a higher proportion of CV risk compared to other traditionally recognised risk factors. However, CRF is not included in usual workplace wellness protocols and, as such, employers are not aware of the importance of this factor.

Aim: The aim of this case study was to explore the effect of a 12-week exercise intervention programme on CRF, CV health and medical health claims in a male participant who was employed by a corporate company with existing chronic diseases.

Findings: Health outcome measures improved after the 12-week exercise intervention programme. CRF showed the greatest improvement and medical health claims were lowered during the three-month post-intervention period.

Implications: CRF should be included as a health outcome measure in worksite wellness programmes and monitored.
The Evolution and Growth of Nearby Galaxy Groups
Authors: Fosdick Katiya Claire
Published: March 2020

To determine how galaxy groups grow and individual galaxies evolve in the local universe, this project used 19 high-richness, high-mass galaxy groups at z < 0.1 from the Berlind et al. 2006 paper to study the nearby group environment through its optical properties. Using position, g-r color, and r-band absolute magnitude data, the shapes, luminosities, and colors of each member galaxy was mapped in group combination plots and an inter-group color-magnitude diagram of all 477 sample galaxies. These figures show that members of the high-mass group environment trend towards redness where the most luminous members of each galaxy group are found to be red. Both findings are consistent with previous predictions of the group environment’s bias towards red elliptical galaxies. Future work using optical properties and the galaxy sequence will be crucial to identify galaxies in groups undergoing evolutionary change as potential indicators of a changing group environment.
Linking Space Observations with Ground Surveys to Better Understand Wisconsin’s Conservation Agricultural Landscape
Authors: Herro Alana
Published: March 2020

Cover cropping and no-till or minimum tillage are conservation farming techniques that have numerous benefits for the environment but are not always adopted by farmers because of risks of reduced yield and/or reduced profits. Precise and accurate methods of tracking conservation farming would improve the ability of researchers to maximize benefits and minimize risks. In this paper, satellite data is processed using an expert classification intended to identify cover crops in Wisconsin from the years 2009/2010 to 2018/2019. The results of a survey about farmers’ experiences with conservation farming practices is also summarized. The locations of cover cropped farms, identified in the survey, are used to assess the accuracy of the 2018/2019 map produced using the expert classification. The map was found to have an accuracy of only 51%. The survey results found that cover crops and no-till or minimum tillage did not tend to negatively affect yields or profits.
Engine valve clearance diagnostics based on vibration signals and machine learning methods
Authors: Tabaszewski Maciej , Szymański Grzegorz.
Published: March 2020

A dynamic advancement of the design of combustion engines generates a necessity of introduction of strategies of operation based
on the information related to their technical condition. The paper analyzes problems related to vibration based diagnostics of
valve clearance of a piston combustion engine, significant in terms of its efficiency and durability. Methods of classification have
been proposed for the assessment of the valve clearance. Experiments have been performed and described that aimed at providing
information necessary to develop and validate the proposed methods. In the performed investigations, the vibration signals were
obtained from a triaxial accelerometer located in the engine cylinder head. A parameterization of the obtained vibration signal has
been carried out for the engine operating under different engine loads, rotation speeds and valve clearance settings. The parameterization pertained to the specific features of the vibration signals, the derivative of the vibration signal as a function of time as
well as the envelope of this derivative. In the first approach, the authors developed a classifier in the form of a set of binary trees
that additionally allowed distinguishing the features significant in terms of the identification of adopted classes. For comparison,
the authors also developed classifiers in the form of a neural network as well as a k-nearest neighbors algorithm using the Euclidean metric. Based on the performed investigations and analyses a method of valve clearance assessment has been proposed.
Improved fleet operation and maintenance through the use of low viscosity engine oils: fuel economy and oil performance
Authors: Macián Vicente , Tormos Bernardo , Bastidas Sophia , Pérez Tomás
Published: March 2020

For heavy-duty vehicles and road transportation, fuel consumption and associated CO2 emissions have been of great concern, which
has led to the development and implementation of technologies to reduce their impact on the environment. Low viscosity engine oils
have arisen as one proven cost-effective solution to increase the engine efficiency; however, for the heavy-duty vehicle segment, engine
protection against wear is a priority for end-users, and therefore there is some reluctance to the use of that new oil formulations. In
this study, eight lubricant oils, representative of the HTHS viscosity reduction that heavy-duty oils have been undergoing and new API
CK-4 and FA-4 categories, were evaluated for fuel economy, oil performance and engine wear, in a long-term test involving a fleet of 49
heavy-duty vehicles of four different engine technologies, some of them with diesel fuel and others with compressed natural gas. Results
of fuel economy were positive for most of the buses’ models. Regarding oil performance and wear, most of the formulations were found
to be suitable for extended oil drain intervals (ODI); and although no alarming results were found, overall performance of the formulations of the fourth stage could lead to significant wear if the oil drain interval is extended. In this study, it should be noted that some of
the information has been presented by the authors in other publications, here they are presented with the purpose of complementing the
new results and summarize the entire test.
Lifetime prediction method for MEMS gyroscope based on accelerated degradation test and acceleration factor model
Authors: Liu Yao , Wang Yashun , Fan Zhengwei , Hou Zhanqiang , Zhang Shufeng , Chen Xun
Published: March 2020

The reliability analysis of MEMS gyroscope under long-term operating condition has become an urgent requirement with the
enlargement of its application scope and the requirement of good durability. In this study we propose a lifetime prediction method
for MEMS gyroscope based on accelerated degradation tests (ADTs) and acceleration factor model. Firstly, the degradation
characteristic (bias instability) is extracted based on Allan variance. The effect of temperature stress on the degradation rate
of bias instability is analyzed, and it shows that the degradation rate of bias instability would increase with the increase of the
temperature. Secondly, the ADTs of MEMS gyroscope are designed and conducted, the degradation model of MEMS gyroscope is
established based on the output voltage of MEMS gyroscope and Allan variance. Finally, the acceleration factor model of MEMS
gyroscope under temperature stress is derived, and the lifetime of the MEMS gyroscope is predicted based on two group tests data
under high stress level. The results show that the lifetime calculated by the acceleration factor model and mean lifetime under high
stress levels is close to the mean lifetime calculated by the linear equation at normal temperature stress.
Risk of power cables insulation failure due to the thermal effect of solar radiation
Authors: Czapp Stanisław , Szultka Seweryn , Ratkowski Filip , Tomaszewski Adam
Published: March 2020

Low-voltage, as well as high-voltage power cable lines, are usually buried in the ground. The ampacity of the power cables in the
ground mainly depends on the thermal resistivity of the soil, which may vary in a wide range. A common practice in power cable
systems performance is to supply them from a pole of an overhead line. If so, a section of the line is located in free air and can
be directly exposed to solar radiation. In some cases, the ampacity of power cables placed in free air is lower than in the ground.
Differences in ampacities can be very high if thermal resistivity of the soil is very low, and simultaneously solar irradiation of
cables in air occurs. This paper presents the risk of power cables overheating and in consequence the risk of their failure, when
part of the underground power cable line is placed in free air. Temperature distribution of cables in the air (with and without solar
radiation) for various load currents is presented. Thermal endurance of power cables insulation, operating with the overheating,
is estimated.
Stress-strength interference-based importance for series systems considering common cause failure
Authors: Yu Guangwei , Du Yanwei , Yan Li , Ren Fangyu
Published: March 2020

Series systems, whose structures are simple, are widely discovered in practical engineering, but the interdependency between the
components is complex, such as common cause failure. With the consideration of the components’ strength, this paper focuses on
ranking the importance measure of components considering the common cause failure based on the stress-strength interference
(SSI) model. The weakest component can be identified by integrating the SSI model with the importance measure when the strength
mean and variance of the component under the load stress is known. Firstly, the analytic methods are proposed to calculate the
SSI-based importance of components in the series systems. Then, the monotonicity of SSI-based importance is analyzed by changing the strength mean or strength variance of one component. The results show that the SSI-based importance of components,
whose parameters are changed, will reduce monotonically with the increase of strength mean or increase monotonically with the
increase of strength variance. Finally, a component replacement method is developed based on the rules that both the importance
of replaced component and the importance ranks should be unchanged after the replacement. SSI-based importance can help
engineers to make maintenance decisions, and the component replacement method can increase the diversity of spare parts by
finding the equivalent components.
New genetic risk factors for myocardial infarction at young patients in Southern Turkey
Authors: AKILLI Rabia , ÇAĞLIYAN Çağlar Emre , KAYPAKLI Onur , KANADAŞI Mehmet , DEMİRTAŞ Mustafa
Published: March 2020

Purpose: Genetic predisposition plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis in young patients. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between myocardial infarction and HLA antigens in young patients who had myocardial infarction in southern region of Turkey. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 50 patients ( 36 male, 14 female, mean age 45.0  7.1 ) who had myocardial infarction before 45 years old in men and 55 years old in women and 50 healthy subjects (31 male, 19 female, mean age 51.5  5.5 ) as a control group into the study. Venous blood samples were collected for HLA tissue typing and determining trombogenic factors. Histocompatibility antigens (HLA-A,B,C,-DQ,-DR) were studied with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Sequance Spesific Oligonucleotide typing (SSO) method. Results: Frequency of HLA antigens in patients and controls were 38% and 10% for HLA-A24, 40% and 10% for HLA-DQB2, 26% and 6% for HLA-DRB1-7 and 52% and 26% for HLA-DRB4-1. Chi square test revealed a significant relation with the disease and the presence of these antigens. In the logistic regression analysis, smoking, Lp(a), homocysteine and HLA-DQB1 subtype were independently associated with development of MI in young patients.Conclusion: The presence of HLA-A24, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1-7 and HLA-DRB4-1 may be used as genetic markers for the tendency to coronary artery disease in southern region of Turkey.
Bulbus oculi morfometrik analizi ve klinik önemi
Authors: UYGUR Ayşe Gül , ÖZANDAÇ POLAT Sema , ÖKSÜZLER Fatma Yasemin , ÖKSÜZLER Mahmut , YÜCEL Ahmet Hilmi
Published: March 2020

Amaç: Bulbus oculi’ye ait çap ve yükseklik ölçümleri ile klinik önemini vurgulamaktır.Gereç ve Yöntem: 19-68 yaş arası 110 kadın ve 80 erkek olmak üzere toplam 190 bireyin manyetik rezonans görüntüleri kullanılarak retrospektif bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Çalışmamızda bulbus oculi’ye ait sağ ve sol tarafta antero-posterior çap, transvers çap ve yükseklik ölçümleri yapılmıştır.Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 36,71 olan 110 kadın ve yaş ortalaması 36,79 olan 80 erkek katılımcıda Bulbus oculi AP Çap (Sağ), Bulbus Oculi AP Çap (Sol), Bulbus Oculi Transvers Çap (Sol), Bulbus Oculi Yükseklik (Sağ) ve Bulbus Oculi Yükseklik (Sol) parametreleri arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Grup I (19-30 yaş), Grup II (31-40 yaş), Grup III (41-50 yaş), Grup IV (51-60 yaş) ve Grup V (61-68 yaş) olmak üzere beş grup arasında Bulbus oculi AP Çap (Sol ) parametresi hariç tüm parametrelerde anlamlı fark elde edilmiştir.Sonuç: Çalışma bulgularının oftalmolojik, okuloplastik ve nörolojik uygulamalar için yararlı olacağını düşünmekteyiz
Serum magnesium levels in patients of ischemic stroke and its correlation with neurological disability
Authors: Kotwal Vishali , Maini Rajesh
Published: March 2020

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide acute ischaemic stroke accounts for 87% of strokes and mostly affects persons at the peak of their lives. Magnesium is known to have neuroprotective effects in ischemic stroke through a variety of mechanisms including decrease in glutamate release and inhibition of NMDA receptors and vasodilation. Previous studies on serum magnesium levels in stroke patients have shown variable results with many of them finding lower levels than in normal subjects. This study was undertaken to compare serum magnesium levels in patients of acute ischemic stroke with those of controls and also find a correlation if any between serum magnesium levels and neurological disability.Methods: This was a prospective non-interventional case-control study in which 50 patients of acute ischemic stroke in the age group of 20 to 80 years admitted in the department of Medicine Government Medical College Jammu from October 2019 to January 2020 were taken. Their serum magnesium levels were analysed within first 24 hours of admission and neurological disability was measured using modified Rankin Score. Serum magnesium levels were also estimated in 35 healthy controls for comparison.Results: Serum magnesium was lower in the study group (mean of 1.85±0.36) as compared to the control group (mean of 2.4±0.21) which was statistically significant (p value =0.001). Modified Rankin Score was 4 to 5 in 27 patients and 2 to 3 in 23 patients and it was negatively correlated with serum magnesium levels (r =-0.67).Conclusions: Ischemic stroke patients had lower serum magnesium levels as compared to healthy subjects in our study and also lower levels were seen in those with higher neurological disability.
Classificação fisiológica de sementes florestais quanto a tolerância à dessecação e armazenamento
Authors: Oliveira Moraes Keilyson Naazio , Oliveira Fiama Natacha Lima de , Bento Marilene De Campos , Mesquita Antonio Gilson Gomes , Brito Rychaellen Silva de
Published: March 2020

Objetivou-se neste estudo classificar as sementes de aguano (Swietenia macrophylla King) e matamatá (Eschweilera juruensis R. Knuth) quanto à tolerância a dessecação pelo método SCR (Seed Coat Ratio), teste de 100 sementes, e pelo protocolo convencional. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Análises de Sementes Florestais da Universidade Federal do Acre. Para condução dos experimentos pelo método SCR foram utilizadas 40 sementes dissecadas em envoltório e eixo embrionário. Para o teste de 100 sementes foram utilizados dois ambientes, controle seco e controle úmido. Para o método convencional, as sementes de S. macrophylla foram submetidas à secagem a 6 e 5% e E. juruensis à secagem a 12 e 5%, ambas as espécies armazenadas por 90 dias com 5% do grau de umidade. Para avaliar o vigor foi utilizado o teste de emergência. O método SCR para as sementes de S. macrophylla foi de P=0,0046, classificadas como ortodoxas e as sementes de E. juruensis classificadas como recalcitrantes com P=0,96. No teste de 100 sementes a secagem a 15% ocasionou uma germinação de 76% para S. macrophylla e a perca do vigor das sementes de E. juruensis, após a secagem. Quando submetidas a secagem a 5% e armazenadas por 90 dias, as sementes de S. macrophylla apresentaram emergência de 93%, já as sementes de E. juruensis não mantiveram o vigor. A classificação fisiológica das espécies florestais quanto a tolerância a dessecação e ao armazenamento para Swietenia macrophylla classificada ortodoxa e Eschweilera juruensis como recalcitrante.
Influência do efluente tratado sobre o fitoplâncton em trecho urbanizado de rio em Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará
Authors: Lima Marise Daniele Maciel , Santos Maria Aparecida Pereira , Rangel Junior Adjuto , Santos Yannice Tatiane da Costa
Published: March 2020

O estudo objetivou avaliar a influência do lançamento do efluente tratado por lagoa de maturação (ETE Malvas) sobre o fitoplâncton em uma seção parcialmente urbanizado do rio Salgadinho (Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará) e sua relação com as características limnológicas, sendo para tal selecionados quatro pontos: (P1) a montante do emissário ETE Malvas, (P2) no emissário, (P3) 50m a jusante do emissário e (P4) 1100m a jusante do emissário. As coletas foram realizadas em época de estiagem correspondente aos meses de junho, julho e agosto de 2017, tendo como variáveis físico-químicas: pH, temperatura da água, turbidez, alcalinidade total, clorofila a, DQO, OD e frações nitrogenadas; e para avaliação qualitativa de fitoplâncton: densidade relativa, índice de ocorrência e concentração de organismos. O efluente lançado pelo emissário da ETE influencia de forma desfavorável no trecho de 1100m do rio, por promover um ambiente com baixa diversidade fitoplanctônica nos pontos a jusante, em função da contribuição numerosa da espécie Planktothrix isothrix (divisão Cyanobacteria), quando se compara com as condições do trecho a montante (P1) do emissário, que insinuou um estado de poluição, pela presença mais expressiva de amônia total. Ademais, o efluente ainda interfere nos aspectos limnológicos de forma positiva ao elevar imediatamente o oxigênio dissolvido a jusante e, negativamente com a decomposição da biomassa algal, seja pela elevação da turbidez e conversão do abundante nitrogênio orgânico algal em amônia total.
Assessment of Levels of Community Awareness to Effects of Forest Degradation and their Environmental Management Practices in Jimma Zone, South western Ethiopia
Authors: Nura Kaso Teha , Endris Fentaw Said
Published: March 2020

This study aimed to assess the levels of community awareness to the environmental effects of growing use of forest product for peoples’ livelihood and their management practices in Jimma Zone. Thus, local farming communities, Development Agents (DA), Agriculture and Natural resource, Forest and Environmental Protection Officials & Experts are the participant of this study. The study employed descriptive survey research design and both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collections were employed. To assess community environmental awareness survey questionnaire questions (both open and close ended) were distributed for 240 sample respondents. An interview with10 Key informant interviews were also conducted with the head of natural resource management offices of selected woredas and six development agents (DA) in sample selected kebeles and four focus group discussions (FDG) consisted of 10 members were also employed to collect qualitative data.The findings show that all the respondents aware of forest and natural resource degradation about (87%) and (75.4%) were aware of clearing of forest to expand farmland for growing population and cutting trees for fuel wood, charcoal and other forest productsrespectively. Only very few of the respondents were indicate that lack of community awareness to sustainable use and management of forest resource (44.5%)and lack of clear understanding of forest laws and regulation among the community (40.4%)as a cause of deforestation. Therefore, the assessment of community awareness to forest resource degradation survey result shows that all of the farmers in the study area have been aware of natural resource and environmental degradation. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that there is a need of modifying educational/training programs for local communities considering the existing knowledge and practices in a particular area.