bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PREEKLAMPSIA TERHADAP KEJADIAN BBLR DI RSUD PANGERAN JAYA SUMITRA
Authors: Suwaibah Suwaibah , Salmarini Desilestia Dwi , Nito Paul Joae Brett
Published: March 2024

Latar Belakang: Dampak BBLR banyak menimbulkan resiko mengenai permasalahan pada sistem tubuh akibat kondisi tubuh tidak stabil sehingga dapat menyebabkan kematian. Preeklampsia merupakan salah satu permasalahan dari faktor ibu yang serius dan memiliki tingkat kompleksitas yang tinggi. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh preeklampsia terhadap kejadian BBLR di RSUD Pangeran Jaya Sumitra. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel adalah total populasi yaitu 34 kasus preeklampsia di RSUD Pangeran Jaya Sumitra tahun 2021. Analisis menggunakan Chi Square. Hasil: Dari 34 kasus preeklampsia tahun 2021 di RSUD Pangeran Jaya Sumitra didapatkan 20 kasus yang berat lahir kategori BBLR atau sebesar 58,8%. Kasus preeklampsia tahun 2021 di RSUD Pangeran Jaya Sumitra didapatkan 17 kasus preeklampsia (50%) dan 17 kasus preeklampsia berat (50%). Hasil analisis statistik didapatkan p-value sebesar 0,081 yang artinya tidak ada pengaruh preeklampsia terhadap kejadian BBR di RSUD Pangeran Jaya Sumitra. Simpulan: Kejadian kasus preeklampsia sebanyak 34 kasus dengan BBLR sebanyak 20 kasus. Tidak ada pengaruh preeklampsia terhadap kejadian BBLR di RSUD Pangeran Jaya Sumitra.
PRODUKSI ASI MELALUI ROOMING IN PADA IBU POST SECTIO CAESARIA
Authors: Asih Iin Aisya , Yuliana Fitri , Hidayah Nurul
Published: March 2024

Latar Belakang: Pemberian ASI memiliki ragam manfaat bagi ibu dan bayi. Namun beberapa alasan ibu tidak memberikan ASI post sectio caesaria yaitu setelah selesai persalinan ASI tidak langsung keluar dan adanya rasa nyeri dibagian operasi menimbulkan rasa takut. Menciptakan ikatan kasih sayang antara ibu dan anak dengan rawat gabung dapat memperlancar pemberian ASI. Tujuan: Mengetahui produksi ASI melalui rooming in setelah 24 jam pada ibu post sectio caesaria di RSUD Pangeran Jaya Sumitra. Metode: Metode penelitian deskriptif observasional. Populasi semua ibu post SC (Sectio caesaria) sebanyak 35 orang. Sampel menggunakan total sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang dianalisis dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik terbanyak yaitu umur tidak beresiko sebanyak 31 orang (88,6%), pendidikan tinggi sebanyak 18 orang (51,4%), ibu tidak bekerja sebanyak 28 orang (80%), multipara sebanyak 22 orang (62,9%), kategori ibu produksi ASI tidak lancar sebanyak 8 orang (22,9%) dan kategori ibu produksi ASI lancar sebanyak 27 orang (77,1%). Simpulan: Ada produksi ASI melalui rooming in setelah 24 jam pada ibu post sectio caesaria di RSUD Pangeran Jaya Sumitra Kabupaten Kotabaru.
PENGGUNAAN ABPK UNTUK PEMILIHAN KONTRASEPSI PADA IBU PASCASALIN DI PUSKESMAS TAPIN UTARA
Authors: Yuliani Redha , Friscila Ika , Kusvitasari Hairiana
Published: March 2024

Latar Belakang: Unmet need dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan (KTD) yang berisiko terjadinya komplikasi dalam kehamilan, persalinan, dan nifas sedangkan apabila kehamilan diakhiri, maka berpeluang pula terhadap kematian ibu. Lembar balik alat bantu pengambilan keputusan ber KB (APBK) merupakan alat bantu konseling KB yang membantu dalam pengambilan keputusan metode KB yang tepat sesuai kebutuhan klien serta sebagai alat bantu dalam pemecahan masalah dalam penggunaan kontrasepsi. Penggunaan ABPK dapat meningkatkan efektivitas konseling karena dalam instrumen ini terdapat informasi yang rinci dan jelas mengenai kontrasepsi. Tujuan: Menganalisis Penggunaan ABPK untuk pemilihan alat kontrasepsi pada ibu pascasalin. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian mengunakan teknik total sampling berjumlah 21 ibu pascasalin pada bulan Januari 2023 di Wilayah Puskesmas Tapin Utara. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji fisher exact. Hasil: Penggunaan ABPK di Puskesmas Tapin Utara dilakukan pada 16 orang (76,1%). Alat kontrasepsi pada ibu pascasalin di Puskesmas Tapin Utara bahwa dari 17 orang yang memilih kontrasepsi didapatkan 13 orang memilih kontrasepsi hormonal dan 4 orang yang memilih kontrasepsi non hormonal. Hasil statistik nilai p-value 0,001 yang bermakna ada hubungan tentang penggunaan ABPK untuk pemilihan alat kontrasepsi pascasalin di Puskesmas Tapin Utara. Simpulan: Ada hubungan penggunaan alat bantu pengambilan keputusan dengan pemilihan alat kontrasepsi ibu pascasalin.
Hubungan Lamanya Paparan Polutan Pada Gas Buangan Kendaraan Bermotor Terhadap Aktivitas Enzim Alanine Aminotransferase (Kajian Literatur)
Authors: Tumpuk Sri , Djohan Herlinda , Sartika Ika
Published: March 2024

Polusi udara merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang penting. Polusi udara dan gas buangan kendaraan bermotor mengandung timbal (Pb), parlicutale mailer (PM), nitrogen oksida (NOx), sulfur oksida (SO2). dan karbon monoksida (CO). Emisi dan gas huangan ini dapat masuk dalam tubuh dan akan diakumulasikan pada janingan yang kaya lemak seperti hati. Bila terpapar dalam jangka waktu lama dapat menyebabkan kerusakan hati yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya cnzim Alanine Aminorran.sferase (ALT). Tujuan kajian ini adalah mengkaji hubungan lamanya paparan polutan pada gas buangan kendaraan bet-motor terhadap aktivitas enzim Alanine Aminolransferase. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kajian literatur. Sumber basis data yang digunakan seperti Google Scholar, Google.co.id. Pubmed, freefullpdf, dan Google Book. Berdasarkan hasil kajian didapatkan dan 16 jurnal, 15 jurnal menyatakan ada hubungan paparan polutan seperti timbal, karbon monoksida. partikulat matter, SO2 dan NO2 terhadap aktivitas enzim Alunine Aminoiransferase (ALT). Paparan gas buangan kendaraan bermotor menyebabkan terjadinya pcningkatan enzim ALT karena polutan yang dihasilkan masuk ke dalam tubuh dan mengikat lipid dan membran hepatosit hati membentuk peroksida lipid dan menginduksi stress oksidatif. Stress oksidatifakan menyerang membran plasma hati yang menycbabkan terjadinya peningkatan aktivitas enzim ALT. Kesimpulan dan hash kajian literatur didapat ada hubungan lamanya paparan polutan pada gas buangan kendaraan bermotor seperti timbal, karbon monoksida, partikulat matter, SO2 dan NO2 terhadap peningkatan enzim Alanine Amino iransferase.Â Â Â Â Â Â  Â
Analysis Of The Effect Of Addition Of Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) In Used Fried Oil To Iodium Number
Authors: Sugito Sugito , Firmansyah Andi , Triana Linda
Published: March 2024

Cooking oil is a food that is often used by the functioning community as a conductor of heat, a savory flavor enhancer and an increase in the calorie value of food. Some people use cooking oil with multiple uses as a medium for frying, the use of repeated cooking oil causes cooking oil to be used and if consumed it will be dangerous for health. Noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L) is one of the fruits used as refining cooking oil its function as an adsorbent and chelating where its compounds have the ability to prevent damage and stabilize free radicals. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding noni fruit to used cooking oil to iodine numbers. This research method is quasi-experimental. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The sample used is cooking oil which is used to fry tilapia fish 4 times. This research was carried out by adsorption process that is by adding samples with noni fruit concentration concentration of 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% at a speed of 100 rpm for 60 minutes at a temperature of 90Â° C. Determination of iodine numbers is done by iodometric titration how the wijs work. Based on the results of the research that has been done, it can be seen that the magnitude of the values maintained by iod numbers with concentrations of 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% respectively are 48.10 Gram lod / 100 Gr. 49.43 Gram lod / 100 Gr. 50.71 Gram lod / 100 Gr and 51.47 Gram lod / 100 Gr. The results of the analysis of thetest were Linear Regression obtained (p= 0,000 <0.05), indicating that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, which mean where is the effect of adding noni fruit powder to iodine numbers.
Analisis Ekstrak Metanol Daun Ubi Kayu Dalam Menurunkan Kadar Kolestrol Total Secara In Vivo
Authors: Suwandi Edy , Setiawan Muhammad Reza , Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: March 2024

Kolesterol merupakan zat yang berguna untuk menjalankan fungsi tubuh, tetapi bersifat merugikan (menjadi penyakit) jika kadar kolesterol melebihi normal (Hiperkolesterol) serta dianggap menjadi penyebab berbagai penyakit mematikan seperti jantung koroner, stroke, tekanan darah tinggi, diabetes. Daun ubi kayu juga berkhasiat untuk kesehatan seperti obat stroke, sumber tenaga, metabolisme tubuh, diet, pencernaan serta penurun kolestrol. Senyawa yang berperan dalam penurunan kadar kolesterol adalah flavonoid yang bekerja sebagai inhibitor enzim HydroxyMethylglutaryl sehingga sintesis kolestrol menurun, sedangkan tannin menghambat penyerapan lemak di usus yang bereaksi dengan protein mukosa dan sel epitel usus, dan alkaloid dapat menghambat aktivitas enzim lipase pancreas sehingga meningkatkan sekresi lemak melalui feses. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari berbagai dosis ekstrak metanol daun ubi kayu dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol total secara in vivo. Desain penelitian ini berbentuk true experiment dengan teknik pengambilan sampel Purposive Sampling. Populasi yang digunakan adalah mencit yang ditingkatkatkan kadar kolesterol (hiperkolesterol) setelah itu dilakukan perlakuan untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol mencit dengan ekstrak metanol daun ubi kayu dengan dosis 51,3 mg/kgBB, 102,6 mg/kgBB, 205,2 mg/kgBB. Hasil penelitian pengukuran kadar kolesterol mencit setelah perlakuan didapatkan hasil pada dosis 51,3 mg/kgBB didapatkan rata-rata kadar kolesterol total setelah perlakuan sebesar 215,11 mg/dl dengan persentase penurunan kadar kolesterol 92,7% dan p value 0,000< 0,05. Sedangkan pada P2 dengan dosis 102,6 mg/kgBB didapatkan rata-rata kadar kolesterol total setelah perlakuan sebesar 198,33 mg/dl dengan persentase penurunan kadar kolesterol 86,5% dan p value 0,000< 0,05. Sementara P3 dosis 205,2 mg/kgBB didapatkan rata-rata kadar kolesterol total setelah perlakuan sebesar 188,88 mg/dl dengan persentase penurunan kadar kolesterol 61,7% dan p value 0,012 <0,05. Sehingga dikatakan terdapat pengaruh penurunan pemberian ekstrak methanol daun ubi kayu pada dosisi P1, P2 dan P3 terhadap kadar kolesterol mencit yang diberi pakan hiperkolesterol.
PERBEDAAN PEMBERIAN TABLET Fe DAN PISANG NANGKA TERHADAP KADAR HEMOGLOBIN SECARA in-vivo
Authors: Wahdaniah Wahdaniah , Sari Emilda , Suwandi Edy
Published: March 2024

Anemia adalah kondisi diamana berkurangnya sel darah merah dalam sirkulasi darah atau massa hemoglobin sehingga tidak mampu memenuhi fungsinya sebagai pembawa oksigen keseluruh jaringan. Anemia biasanya disebabkan karena kekurangan unsure zat besi atau yang biasanya disebut dengan anemia defesiensi besi merupakan jenis anemia terbanyak didunia, terutama pada Negara miskin dan berkembang. Pisang memiliki kandungan zat besi sekitar 5mg meskipun lebih rendah kandungan zat besinya dibandingkan dengan kedelai tapi pisang banyak mengandung asam folat atau vitamin B6 yang larut dalam air, yang diperlukan untuk membuat asam nukleat dan hemoglobin dam sel darah merah. Tujuan penelitian umtuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberia pisang nangka terhadap kadar hemoglobin tikus. Jenis penelitian true eksperimen one-Group pretest-posttest Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah tikus putih betina galur wistar. Besar sampelnya adalah 27 tikus 3 kelompok perlakuan. Pengecekan kadar hemoglobin dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Tikus yang di intervensi dengan pemberian pisang mengalami kenaikan rata-rata kadar hemoglobin sebesar 17,7 gr/dl menjadi 18.4 gr/dl. Untuk mengetahui perbedaan pemberian tablet Fe dan pisang terhadap kadar hemoglobin diperoleh nilai signifikansi p sebesar 0,901>0,05 yang artinya tidak terdapat perbedaan pemberian tablet Fe dan pisang terhadap kadar hemoglobin tikus.
Hubungan Donor Darah Dengan Kadar Kolesterol Pendonor Di Utd Rsud Ade M Djoen Sintang
Authors: Kamilla Laila , Wahyuni Novi , Tumpuk Sri
Published: March 2024

Penyakit kardiovaskuler dapat disebabkan oleh peningkatan kadar kolesterol darah. Nilai normal dari kadar kolesterol adalah kurang dari 200 mg/dl. Terdapat beberapa tindakan yang dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah, salah satunya dengan mendonorkan darah.Donor darah adalah merupakan proses pengambilan darah dari seseorang secara sukarela untuk disimpan di bank darah dan kemudian dipakai pada transfusi darah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara donor darah dengan hasil pemeriksaan kadar kolesterol pendonor sebelum dan satu jam setelah donor darah di UTD RSUD Ade M Djoen Sintang. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan teknik sampling insidential didapat jumlah sampel 30 orang yang telah memenuhi syarat donor darah yang diambil darahnya sebanyak 350 ml. Sampel yang diperiksa dalam penelitian ini adalah darah vena, sampel sebanyak 1 ml untuk melihat hubungan donor darah dengan kadar kolesterol sebelum dan 1 jam setelah donor darah. Pemeriksaan kadar kolesterol dihitung menggunakan alat spektrofotometer dengan metode CHOD-PAP (Cholesterol oksidase phenol aminoantyphirine), kemudian data diuji menggunakan uji korelasi dengan uji Kendall's-Tau. Hasil dalam penelitian ini diperoleh rata-rata kadar kolesterol sebelum donor darah dilakukan adalah 210 mg/dL, sedangkan pada nilai kadar kolesterol setelah donor darah dilakukan adalah rata-rata kadar kolesterol sebesar 193 mg/dL, yang berarti terjadinya penurunan kadar kolesterol pada responden setelah melakukan donor darah. Hal ini didukung melalui uji Kendall's Tau yang menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar kolesterol baik sebelum dengan setelah donor darah (p=0,000) yang artinya Ha diterima.
Peningkatan Mutu Laboratorium dalam Aspek Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja pada Laboratorium
Authors: Anggarsari Desye Novita , Ni'mah Anisa Luthfiyyatin , Malichatin Hanik
Published: March 2024

Â The laboratory is one of the academic facilities contained in an educational institution. The benefits of the laboratory being used in scientific activities and searching for valid data related to the type of practicum-based learning. In educational institutions there are several types of laboratories such as laboratories (IPA, Engineering, Computers), in the current era laboratories can develop rapidly towards science and technology. In the management of the laboratory premises there are provisions and recommendations that are applied. One of the applications in the laboratory is to provide safety & health directions. Health in the health laboratory related to each individual is related to the practicum, because health problems caused by chemicals result in disruption of productivity levels. Laboratory work safety is the use of personal protective equipment available in the laboratory to protect individuals from the dangers of practices carried out in the laboratory.
Produksi Komponen Darah Packed-Red Cell (PRC), Liquid Plasma (LP), Thombocytes Concentrates (TC) dan Fresh-Frozen-Plasma (FFP) di UDD PMI Kabupaten Bojonegoro
Authors: Muflikhah Nina Difla , Nuraini Fatia Rizki , Anggita Etri Sukma
Published: March 2024

The processing of blood components is an act of separating the components of donor blood through a process by taking into account the quality and safety of blood component products. Its process produce various type of blood component, such as Packed Red Cell, Liquid Plasma, Thrombocytes Concentrate and Fresh Frozen Plasma. The quantity of each blood production depends on the mount of demant from hospital to threat the patient for transfusion. Indonesia Red Cross especially in Blood Donor Unit of each region have a important duty to collect and process the whole blood component as much as it needed. This type of research is a descriptive study with a cross sectional approach. The population used was the production of PRC, LP, TC and FFP Â at UDD PMI Bojonegoro from June to July 2022 as many as 2124 kolf. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. Data analysis using univariate analysis which is presented in the form of a frequency distribution table and ghraphic for daily production. Production of blood components as much as 2124 kolf, Production of PRC as 984 kolf (46%), LP as 904 kolf (43%0, TC as 200 kolf (9%), and FFP as 36 kolf (2%). The highest blood component production is PRC, followed by LP, TC and FFP, respectfully. Â
Menakar Urgensi Kriminalisasi Kepemilikan Harta Tidak Wajar melalui Kebijakan Legislasi dalam Upaya Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia
Authors: Pratiwi Rieska Ayu Bella , Pambudi Nur Khamnari Derby
Published: March 2024

Ownership of inappropriate assets by public officials or named illicit enrichment is still a hot issue. Indonesia itself has a wealth reporting instrument for public officials called the State Officials’ Wealth Report (LHKPN) as a means of controlling and supervising the wealth of public officials. In practice, many public officials have unappropriate assets and are suspected to have been obtained illegally, but these assets cannot be taken by the state because they have not been or have been proven to be the proceeds of criminal act. Thus, this research aims to examine the potential for resolving this problem by criminalizing the ownership of improper assets by public officials, which aims to minimize the incidence of state financial losses. Based on the results of the research, it shows that there are at least two alternative ways, namely (a) making the illegal ownership of public officials whose legality is not proven to be one of the criminal offenses of corruption through the revision of the Corruption Law; or (b) formulate and ratify provisions related to illicit enrichment in the Asset Confiscation Bill. The criminalization of illicit enrichment is a form of implementation of the provisions of Article 20 of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) as ratified by Indonesia with Law Number 7 of 2006 with the aim of preventing corrupt actions by public officials. This research uses a normative research method with a regulatory-legislative approach and a conceptual approach, the results of which are presented in prescriptive form.
Reformulasi Sentra Penegakan Hukum Terpadu menjadi Lembaga Independen Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pemilu
Authors: Madjid Mario Agritama S W
Published: March 2024

The practice of implementing elections in Indonesia from time to time becomes an antinomy of the principle of honesty and fairness. This practice is evidenced by the increasing number of election violations, especially election crimes. This shows that the role of the Sentra Gakkumdu, which specifically functions to eradicate election crimes, has not been effective. The most highlighted issue regarding the existence of the Sentra Gakkumdu is the weak coordination and its limited nature as a forum between Bawaslu, the Police, and the Prosecutor’s Office. This research aims to describe the problematics of election criminal law enforcement in Indonesia and the reformulation of Sentra Gakkumdu into an Independent Institution for Eradicating Election Crimes. This research was conducted using normative juridical research. The results of this study show: First, the ineffectiveness of election criminal enforcement is caused by the limited time for handling cases, the weak institutional building of Gakkumdu which includes institutional nature, authority, human resource capacity and coordination between institutions in it. Second, it is necessary to reformulate the Gakkumdu Center into an Independent Institution for the Eradication of Election Crimes. The idea of making Gakkumdu an Independent Institution departs from several weaknesses in the existing institutional building plus the complexity of handling election crimes and speedy trial design requires a special institution that focuses on handling the eradication of election crimes. The institution will later take the form of an independent institution with prevention and prosecution functions, while. The institutional structure will consist of investigators, investigators, and permanent public prosecutors led by commissioners.
Tantangan dan Gagasan Desain Asesmen Terpadu untuk Penanganan Penyalahguna Narkotika di Indonesia
Authors: Handayani Febri , Angrayni Lysa
Published: March 2024

Integrated Assessment challenges for handling narcotics abuse include; Narcotics regulation is still debating between a criminal approach and a health approach, this will be related to the request for an assessment from TAT. Integrated assessment becomes a new legal problem if the recommendation procedure is carried out unfairly. Challenges in the coordination function between agencies/institutions. The design idea for an Integrated Assessment for handling narcotics abusers is; availability of government-owned rehabilitation homes in every district/city area, optimization of submission of assessments by investigators to TAT to obtain assessment results in every narcotics case, as well as legalization of integrated assessment norms. The recommendation is that investigators in narcotics cases must submit an assessment request to the TAT as an initial assessment mechanism because it is a guarantee of legal certainty that must be realized if the legalization of norms regarding integrated assessment has been carried out.
Rekrutmen dan Seleksi Berbasis Kebutuhan Pada Lembaga Pendidikan
Authors: Dwiyama Fajri
Published: March 2024

Recruitment is the process of gathering prospective office holders who have certain qualificationsfor jobs in an organization or industry. There are two methods used in recruitment, namely theopen recruitment method and the closed method. Employee selection is an important process ineducational institutions to obtain competent and productive employees. The steps that need to betaken in employee selection include: analyzing job needs, developing selection criteria,determining selection methods, carrying out the selection process, making selection decisions, andmonitoring and evaluating selection. By applying these principles, educational institutions canincrease accuracy in getting the best, competent employees so they can provide optimalperformance and productivity.
Manajemen Unit Bahasa Asing (UNIBA) Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bahasa Asing Santri di Pesantren Modern Al-Junaidiyah Biru Bone
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Fitriani Fitriani , Hasbullah Hasbullah
Published: March 2024

This research was conducted at Pesantren Modern Al-Junaidiyah Biru Bone which aims to find out how the management of foreign language units (UNIBA) students and students' foreign language skills at Pesantren Modern Al-Junaidiyah Biru Bone.  The type of research used is qualitative research, using a management approach and a pedagogic approach.    In data collection using observation, interview and documentation methods. Then the data obtained is analyzed in three stages, namely the data reduction stage, data presentation (display data), and conclusion drawing and verification.   The results showed that with the implementation of good management will be able to improve the foreign language skills of students at Al-Junaidiyah Biru Bone Modern Boarding School.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Dosen
Authors: Arisal Arisal
Published: March 2024

This article aims to obtain an overview of the lecturer's performance and the factors that influence it.  Lecturer performance is the activity of a lecturer carrying out his work or performance.  The performance of lecturers can be seen from their enthusiasm in carrying out the duties of the tridarma of higher education imposed on them. The factors that affect lecturer performance are 1) Lecturer competence, which consists of paedagogic, professional, social and personality competencies.   2) Job satisfaction is an employee's attitude towards work related to work situations, cooperation between employees, benefits received at work, and matters concerning physical and psychological factors.  3) The lecturer's attitude is a lecturer's response or judgment that can be like or dislike, accept or reject, and positive or negative towards an object. The lecturer's attitude consists of three components, affective yaiyu, cognition, and conation.  4) The lecturer's personality is a complete combination of attitudes, traits, mindsets, emotions, and also values that influence the lecturer to do something right in accordance with his environment.  5) Lecturer motivation is the encouragement of a lecturer both from within and outside the lecturer who can move the lecturer to be able to work as well as possible to achieve organizational goals.  And 6) Organizational culture is a system of shared meanings shared by members that distinguishes an organization from other organizations.
Evaluación del Apgar quirúrgico en la predicción de complicaciones y muerte perioperatoria: análisis prospectivo en un centro de cuarto nivel de Bogotá
Authors: Domínguez Luis Carlos , Espitia Erik
Published: March 2024

Objetivo. El puntaje quirúrgico de Apgar es una herramienta para estratificar el riesgo intraoperatorio. En este estudio se evalúa su rendimiento, determinando su capacidad para predecir complicaciones y muerte perioperatoria en una población colombiana. Métodos. Se trata de una cohorte prospectiva de adultos sometidos a cirugía general electiva o urgente. La cohorte fue subdividida en cirugía menor o intermedia (grupo 1) y cirugía mayor o compleja (grupo 2). Se calculó el Apgar en todos los pacientes y se correlacionó con la probabilidad de complicaciones: infección del sitio operatorio, neumonía, reintervención no planeada, asistencia respiratoria mecánica de más de 48 horas y muerte en los 30 días consecutivos al procedimiento. La relación entre Apgar y complicaciones se evalúo mediante la prueba c² (p<0,05) y el cálculo de la razón de momios (Odds Ratio, OR) (IC95%) para cada nivel y grupo de procedimientos. Resultados. Se incluyeron 488 pacientes, 57,7 % de mujeres. El grupo 2 representó el 31,9 % de la cohorte. El 57,7 % de los procedimientos fueron urgentes y, 35,2%, laparoscópicos. Se correlacionaron significativamente con mayor probabilidad de complicaciones y muerte, el antecedente de enfermedad cardiovascular (p<0,001), el sexo masculino (p<0,05), la cirugía abierta (p<0,003), el cáncer (p<0,001), clasificación de ASA (American Society of Anaesthesiology) ≥3 (p<0,001) y el pertenecer al grupo 2 (29,4 %, p<0,001). Los pacientes con Apgar de 0 a 4 (46,1 %) presentaron mayor frecuencia de complicaciones globales y discriminadas (OR=13,8; p<0,001). En aquellos con Apgar mayores, se documentó una tendencia hacia la reducción de complicaciones y muerte. Conclusiones. El Apgar provee una objetiva estratificación de riesgo intraoperatorio. Los resultados evaluados se encuentran dentro de los estándares reportados.
Hemoperitoneo espontáneo idiopático
Authors: Prieto Robín Germán , García Víctor Hugo , Rendón Juliana
Published: March 2024

En la práctica clínica nos vemos enfrentados con alguna frecuencia, al tratamiento quirúrgico de pacientes con hemoperitoneo, causado en la gran mayoría de casos por trauma abdominal cerrado y, en un menor porcentaje, por condiciones ginecológicas; sin embargo, existen otras causas, como la ruptura de aneurismas o de tumores sólidos, el sangrado varicoso e, incluso, trastornos de la coagulación. Cuando todas estas causas han sido descartadas, se puede concluir que se trata de hemoperitoneo espontáneo idiopático, enfermedad poco común de la que poco a poco se informan más casos en la literatura científica mundial. Se hace una revisión bibliográfica y se presenta el caso de un paciente atendido por esta enfermedad en el Hospital Central de la Policía, Bogotá, Colombia.
Tiroidectomía ambulatoria: análisis de minimización de costos en Colombia
Authors: Cabrera Elkin Yasmany , Cifuentes Paola Andrea , Sanabria Álvaro , Domínguez Luis Carlos
Published: March 2024

Introducción. La información actual sugiere que la tiroidectomía es el procedimiento quirúrgico que se practica más frecuentemente en el cuello. Tradicionalmente, los pacientes se han manejado en un ámbito hospitalario, aunque se sugiere que la tiroidectomía ambulatoria es igualmente segura, y puede ser más costo-efectiva. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los costos y la seguridad de la tiroidectomía ambulatoria, comparada con el manejo hospitalario en pacientes de bajo riesgo. Materiales y métodos. Este fue un estudio de cohortes de temporalidad mixta y diseño de minimización de costos. Se tomó una cohorte de pacientes sometidos a tiroidectomía entre julio de 2013 y enero de 2014, del Servicio de Cirugía del Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe de Medellín. El principal factor medido fueron los costos directos de la intervención para pacientes manejados hospitalariamente y bajo el modelo ambulatorio, por lo que se desarrolló un análisis de minimización de costos mediante el método de microcosteo, extrapolando los precios de cada procedimiento de la siguiente manera: la guía de productos farmaprecios 2013 para los medicamentos, los insumos médico-quirúrgicos a partir de las convocatorias públicas para Colombia disponibles en internet y el manual tarifario SOAT 2014 para exámenes paraclínicos, cirugía y talento humano. Las variables evaluadas fueron edad, sexo, tipo e indicación de la cirugía, tiempo quirúrgico, estancia hospitalaria, complicaciones y costos. Se compararon los grupos y se aisló el efecto del manejo hospitalario, ajustando con un modelo de regresión múltiple. Resultados. Se incluyeron 44 pacientes en el estudio, 52,3% (n=23) de los cuales se manejaron ambulatoriamente y, el 47,7% (n=21) restante, de forma hospitalaria. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto a edad, tipo de tiroidectomía, indicación de la cirugía, clasificación ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) y tiempo quirúrgico. La proporción global de complicaciones no fue diferente entre los grupos (p=0,82). La diferencia global de costos fue de COP$ 378.531 (COP$ 2’657.810 en el grupo ambulatorio Vs. COP$ 3’036.341 en el grupo hospitalario) (p<0,01). Cuando se ajusta por variables de uso de recursos, la implementación de protocolos de tiroidectomía ambulatoria puede disminuir el valor del procedimiento en 12,5 %. Conclusiones. La tiroidectomía ambulatoria es una opción viable que en pacientes seleccionados permite minimizar los costos del procedimiento de una manera segura.
General G.E. Strandman – Ostzeit in the service of the Russian Empire
Authors: Puzanov Vladimir
Published: March 2024

The article examines the biography of the General of Infantry G.E. Strandman - commander of the Siberian corps in 1789-1798, a major military figure of Siberia of the 18th century. He came from the nobility of Livonia, served in the Russian army since 1757.
Attitudes of USSR population towards China from the 1960-s to the 1980-s
Authors: Qin Li , Babich Nikolay
Published: March 2024

The article deals with the issue of developing an integrative view of the attitudes of the population of the USSR towards China from the 1960s to the 1990s from the point of view of analyzing data from mass surveys. Starting from the earliest attempts to analyze the mass attitudes of Soviet citizens towards China, undertaken by emigre scientists, in the literature persists a thesis about a predominantly negative, or even sharply negative, attitudes of the population of the USSR towards China in the period of the 1960s - 1980s. However, based on a comparative analysis of fragmentary data from mass surveys of the late 1960s and late 1980s, it seems possible to present some arguments against this thesis.
On the information problems in modern historical science and new forms of fixation of scientific knowledge in the 21st century
Authors: Berdinskikh Viktor
Published: March 2024

The article, based on many years of experience of the author's scientific work, analyzes the crisis problems of the development of historical science in Russia in modern conditions. Much attention is paid to the qualitatively new working conditions of scientists in the context of the information boom and the spread of IT.
Enhancing Hate Speech Detection with Fine-Tuned Large Language Models Requires High-Quality Data
Authors: Umansky Natalia , Kubli Maël , Donnay Karsten , Gilardi Fabrizio , Hangartner Dominik , Kotarcic Ana , Bronner Laura , Kurer Selina , Grech Philip
Published: March 2024

Efforts to curb online hate speech depend on our ability to reliably detect it at scale. Previous studies have highlighted the strong zero-shot classification performance of large-language models (LLMs), offering a potential tool to efficiently identify harmful content. Yet for complex and ambivalent tasks like hate speech detection, pre-trained LLMs can be insufficient and carry systemic biases. Domain-specific models, fine-tuned for the given task and empirical context could help address these issues but, as we demonstrate, the quality of data used for fine-tuning decisively matters. In this study, we fine-tuned GPT-3.5 using a unique corpus of online comments annotated by diverse groups of coders with varying annotation quality: research assistants, activists, two kinds of crowd workers, and citizen scientists. We find that only annotations from those groups of annotators that are better than zero-shot GPT-3.5 in recognizing hate speech improve the classification performance of the fine-tuned LLM. Specifically, fine-tuning using the two most high quality annotator groups -- research assistants and Prolific crowd workers -- boosts classification performance by increasing the model's precision without notably sacrificing the good recall of zero-shot GPT-3.5. In contrast, low quality annotations do not improve or even decrease the ability to identify hate speech.
The Laplace Adjusted Volatility Indicator
Authors: Wáng Míngshū
Published: March 2024

I introduce the Laplace Volatility Adjusted Median (LAVI) indicator for technical analysis, financial feature engineering, and standard economic analysis. Traditional volatility indicators rely on or implicitly assume symmetrical distributions. These methods miss leptokurtis in financial market returns, which have heavy tails and a peaked center. The LAVI fits a rolling window of asset prices into a Laplace Distribution, which has fat tails and factors deviation from the median. Keywords: Laplace Adjusted Volatility Indicator, LAVI, market volatility, financial markets, Laplace distribution, technical analysis, risk management.
Exploring the Design Space of BioFabric Visualization for Multivariate Network Analysis
Authors: Fuchs Johannes , Dennig Frederik L. , Heinle Maria-Viktoria , Keim Daniel , Di Bartolomeo Sara
Published: March 2024

The visual analysis of multivariate network data is a common yet difficult task in many domains. The major challenge is to visualize the network’s topology and additional attributes for entities and their connections. Although node-link diagrams and adjacency matrices are widespread, they have inherent limitations. Node-link diagrams struggle to scale effectively, while adjacency matrices can fail to represent network topologies clearly. In this paper, we delve into the design space of BioFabric, which aligns entities along rows and relationships along columns, providing a way to encapsulate multiple attributes for both. We explore how we can leverage the unique opportunities offered by BioFabric’s design space to visualize multivariate network data — focusing on three main categories: juxtaposed visualizations, embedded on-node and on-edge encoding, and transformed node and edge encoding. We complement our exploration with a quantitative assessment comparing BioFabric to adjacency matrices. We postulate that the expansive design possibilities introduced in BioFabric network visualization have the potential for the visualization of multivariate data, and we advocate for further evaluation of the associated design space. Our supplemental material is available on osf.io.
Decellularization of tumours: A new frontier in tissue engineering
Authors: Garcia-Gareta Elena , Pérez María Ángeles , García-Aznar José Manuel
Published: March 2024

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The tumour extracellular matrix (ECM) has unique features in terms of composition and mechanical properties, resulting in a structurally and chemically different ECM to that of native, healthy tissues. This paper reviews to date the efforts into decellularization of tumours, which in the authors’ view represents a new frontier in the ever evolving field of tumour tissue engineering. An overview of the ECM and its importance in cancer is given, ending with examples of research using decellularized tumours, which has already indicated potential therapeutic targets, unravelled malignancy mechanisms or response to chemotherapy agents. The review highlights that more research is needed in this area, which can answer important questions related to tumour formation and progression to ultimately identify new and effective therapeutic targets. Within the near-future of personalized medicine, this research can create patient-specific tumour models and therapeutic regimes.
Automated muscle elongation measurement during reverse shoulder arthroplasty planning
Authors: Pitocchi Jonathan , Plessers Katrien , Wirix-Speetjens Roel , Debeer Philippe , Van Lenthe G. Harry , Jonkers Ilse , Pérez María Ángeles , Vander Sloten Jos
Published: March 2024

Background
Adequate deltoid and rotator cuff elongation in reverse shoulder arthroplasty is crucial to maximize postoperative functional outcomes and to avoid complications. Measurements of deltoid and rotator cuff elongation during preoperative planning can support surgeons in selecting a suitable implant design and position. Therefore, this study presented and evaluated a fully automated method for measuring deltoid and rotator cuff elongation.

Methods
Complete scapular and humeral models were extracted from computed tomography scans of 40 subjects. First, a statistical shape model of the complete humerus was created and evaluated to identify the muscle attachment points. Next, a muscle wrapping algorithm was developed to identify the muscle paths and to compute muscle lengths and elongations after reverse shoulder arthroplasty implantation. The accuracy of the muscle attachment points and the muscle elongation measurements was evaluated for the 40 subjects by use of both complete and artificially created partial humeral models. Additionally, the muscle elongation measurements were evaluated for a set of 50 arthritic shoulder joints. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of implant positioning on deltoid and rotator cuff elongation.

Results
For the complete humeral models, all muscle attachment points were identified with a median error < 3.5 mm. For the partial humeral models, the errors on the deltoid attachment point largely increased. Furthermore, all muscle elongation measurements showed an error < 1 mm for 75% of the subjects for both the complete and partial humeral models. For the arthritic shoulder joints, the errors on the muscle elongation measurements were <2 mm for 75% of the subjects. Finally, the sensitivity analysis showed that muscle elongations were affected by implant positioning.

Discussion
This study presents an automated method for accurately measuring muscle elongations during preoperative planning of shoulder arthroplasty. The results show that the accuracy in measuring muscle elongations is higher than the accuracy in indicating the muscle attachment points. Hence, muscle elongation measurements are insensitive to the observed errors on the muscle attachment points. Related to this finding, muscle elongations can be accurately measured for both a complete humeral model and a partial humeral model. Because the presented method also showed accurate results for arthritic shoulder joints, it can be used during preoperative shoulder arthroplasty planning, in which typically only the proximal humerus is present in the scan and in which bone arthropathy can be present. As the muscle elongations are sensitive to implant positioning, surgeons can use the muscle elongation measurements to refine their surgical plan.
Transdiagnostic compulsivity is associated with reduced reminder setting, only partially attributable to overconfidence
Authors: Boldt Annika , Fox Celine A , Gillan Claire , Gilbert Sam
Published: March 2024

In the current study, we explored the behavioural and cognitive correlates of the transdiagnostic trait ‘compulsive behaviour and intrusive thought’ (CIT). CIT is associated with impaired metacognition, which in turn has been associated with cognitive offloading behaviours such as external reminder-setting that play a key role in fulfilling cognitive goals. In an online study (N=600) we investigated individual differences in compulsivity, metacognition, and external reminder-usage. Compulsive individuals had reduced preference for external reminders. This was partially, but not fully, attributable to their relative overconfidence. In contrast to previous studies, we found no evidence for an impaired confidence-action link: compulsive individuals used their metacognition to guide offloading just as much as their non-compulsive counterparts. Given the compensatory nature of cognitive offloading, our findings imply that compulsive individuals are at increased risk of inadequate external memory support. Along with transdiagnostic variation in the general population, this finding could also have implications for clinical conditions, such as OCD.
Learning orthotactic constraints in typing is similar to, but distinct from, learning phonotactic constraints in speech
Authors: Atilgan Nilsu , Nozari Nazbanou
Published: March 2024

Possible spoken and written sequences of a language are determined by phonotactic and orthotactic rules, respectively. Adult speakers quickly learn simple new phonotactic rules (e.g., “/k/ is always an onset in a syllable), but they only learn the more complex second-order rules (e.g., “/k/ is an onset only if the vowel is /æ/, but a coda if the vowel is /ɪ/”) after the first day of training. However, the learning timeline for more complex rules is less consistent across populations and languages. In the current paper, we first show that, in Experiment 1, adults quickly learn new first-order constraints in typing, similar to those in speaking. Next, in Experiment 2, we show that, despite a much higher error rate and opportunities for error-based learning, learning the second-order rules in typing only occurs in the second day, replicating the results of most studies in spoken production. We further discuss that the second-order constraint was learned for the coda, but not the onset, suggesting that learning new rules of sequencing is carried out by a chaining-type mechanism. Lastly, in Experiment 3, we demonstrate that learning new orthotactic constraints in typing is not mediated by phonology, instead, the learning effect is truly orthotactic in nature. Collectively, these data support strong parallels between the statistical learning of orthotactic and phonotactic constraints in language production, despite the differences between spoken and typed modalities of production.
Toxicity-Competitiveness Trade-off in Concentrated Liquidity Provision
Authors: Aoyagi Jun , Ip Wang-Hei , Kawaguchi Kohei , Kuramoto Wataru , Tsuchida Shinya
Published: March 2024

Decentralized exchanges (DEXs) adopt automated market makers (AMM) as an alternative to the traditional limit-order book (LOB), which is too costly to implement with blockchain technology. To protect liquidity providers (LPs) against toxic trades by arbitrageurs, Uniswap v3, the leading DEX, has introduced a concentrated liquidity mechanism that allows LPs to restrict the price range accepting trades. We define a liquidity provision game of this setting and characterize the optimal strategy and equilibrium liquidity allocation. We demonstrate that LP profits consist of the competitive and non-competitive parts. Crucially, the non-competitive components arise from toxic trades by arbitrageurs. Consequently, liquidity provision involves a toxicity-competitiveness tradeoff as opposed to the literature understanding them as two independent factors. By incorporating this tradeoff, we derive a novel guideline and implications for liquidity provision in the decentralized financial market.
Making epigenetics familiar: The visual construction of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in the news
Authors: Nerlich Brigitte , Valdez Alan-Miguel
Published: March 2024

Since the early 2000s, the rise of research into epigenetics has become a rich source of news for popular media. Much of this coverage has centred on the contested concept of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance (TEI), the idea that acquired traits and experiences, especially of adversity (war, famine, pandemics), can be passed down to offspring and affect the health of subsequent generations. Much of the research exploring popular representations of epigenetics and TEI has focused on the written word, including the study of metaphors. In this paper, we employ visual frame analysis to analyse the visual representations and metaphors of TEI on Google News between 2009 and 2022. We show how images help make some claims about TEI visible and familiar by tapping into traditions of visualisation from the natural sciences, documentary history and family photography. We explore what this framing might mean for the public understanding of epigenetics.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHATANI KELAPA SAWIT POLA SWADAYA DI KABUPATEN ROKAN HILIR
Authors: Mardianis Mardianis , Dewi Novia , Rosnita Rosnita
Published: March 2024

The oil palm farming of independent farmers plays an important role as a source of income in Rokan Hilir Regency. This study aims to analyze the income of independent oil palm smallholders in Rokan Hilir. This study used survey methods and interviews with key persons and independent farmers oil palm. The location of this research was determined purposively. A sampling of representative areas using multistage area sampling. The number of respondents was 93 persons. The research data taken consisted of primary data and secondary data. Data analysis used to use farming analysis: production costs, revenue, income. The result of the study was that the average total income 0f independent palm oil in Rokan Hilir was IDR 11,434,710.28 per year per hectare or IDR 37,085,765.71 per year per cultivated area. Meanwhile. The average total production cost incurred is IDR 166,888.65 per year per hectare or IDR 1,671,519.76 per year per cultivated area. So that an average net income of IDR 9,124,415.74 per year is obtained per hectare or IDR 30,696,704.21 per year per cultivated area.
ANALISIS PERKEMBANGAN KEUANGAN KOPERASI SAWIT SEJAHTERA di DESA TITIAN RESAK KECAMATAN SEBERIDA KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HULU
Authors: Balinda Talitha Azzura , Muwardi Didi , Kurnia Deby
Published: March 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan keuangan koperasi sawit sejahtera di Desa Titian Resak Kecamatan Seberida Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu primer dengan menggunakan laporan keuangan koperasi sawit sejahtera, sekunder yaitu BPS dan jurnal. Sedangkan analisis data yaitu analisis common size dan analisis trend. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil yang berfluktuasi yang menandakan perkembangan keuangan koperasi cenderung kurang baik dilihat dari common size pada periode 2017-2021 dan jika dilihat berdasarkan peramalan trend analisis, perkembangan keuangan koperasi sawit sejahtera selama periode 2022 sampai 2026 secara umum juga menunjukan perkembangan yang cenderung kurang baik.