bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcome of COVID-19 and tolerance of Remdesivir in patients with renal failure: a single center experience from Pakistan
Authors: Babar Zaheer Udin , Dodani Sunil Kumar , Nasim Asma , Langhani Jawahar Lal , Badlani Sanjay Kumar
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is known to cause severe disease in chronic kidney disease and maintenance dialysis patients. We aim to report the outcome of COVID-19 and the adverse effects of Remdesivir (RDV) in patients with renal failure.
Methodology: A retrospective observational study included all admitted patients with COVID-19 who received Remdesivir. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared in patients with renal failure (RF) and non-renal failure (NRF). We also evaluated RDV-associated nephrotoxicity and observed renal functions during antiviral treatment.
Results: A total of 142 patients received RDV, 38 (26.76%) in RF and 104 (73.23%) in the non-RF group. The median absolute lymphocyte count was low while C-reactive protein, ferritin, and D-dimer were significantly high on admission in the RF group. A significant number of patients in the RF group required ICU admission (58% vs. 35% p = 0.01) and expired (29% vs. 12.5 p = 0.02). Among survivors and non-survivors in the RF group, raised inflammatory markers and low platelet count on presentation were significantly associated with high mortality. Median serum creatinine (mg/dL) was 0.88 on admission, remained at 0.85 in the NRF group, and improved from 4.59 to 3.87 (mg/dL) after receiving five days of RDV in the RF group.
Conclusions: COVID-19 in renal failure has a high risk for ICU admissions leading to increased mortality. Multiple comorbidities and raised inflammatory markers are predictors of poor outcomes. We observed no significant drug-related adverse effects, and none of our patients required discontinuation of RDV due to worsening renal function.
The use of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing urologic procedures in an academic hospital Surabaya: A retrospective study
Authors: Asmarawati Tri Pudy , Djojodimedjo Tarmono , Andhika Dimas Panca , Rusli Musofa , Qibtiyah Mariyatul , Mahdi Bagus Aulia , Novendrianto Dwiki , Martani Okla Sekar , Paraton Hari , Wertheim Heiman , Kuntaman Kuntaman
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Prophylactic antibiotics in urological procedures are essential to prevent postoperative infections. A different approach in selecting antibiotic prophylaxis according to the type of procedure is needed.
Methodology: A retrospective study was carried out at an academic hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia, by collecting medical records of patients who underwent urologic procedures within 2019- 2020, including microbiological data.
Result: One hundred seventy-nine urological procedures were assessed. Antibiotic prophylaxis was administered in the clean-contaminated and clean procedures (93.2% and 6.8%, respectively). Ceftriaxone was commonly used (69.3%), single-dose, one day before the surgery. Gram-negative bacteria were widely found in the urinary culture of patients (75.2%). E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa were dominating with low susceptibility to cephalosporins. ESBL-producing bacteria were E. coli (64%) and K. pneumoniae (89%).
Conclusions: The 3rd generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxone) are mostly used in urological procedures despite the low susceptibility against this antibiotic in cultured E coli, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumonia. The aminoglycosides have relatively good activity and have been suggested in several guidelines for urologic procedures, such as prostate and urinary tract stone procedures. It is crucial to consider the incision site, type of procedure, and bacterial profile in the hospital to propose antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines.
The controverted therapeutic efficacy of Allium sativum and Artemisia herba-alba extracts on Cryptosporidium-infected mice
Authors: Elbahaie Enas Said , El Gamal Reda Lamei , Fathy Ghada Mahmoud , Al-Ghandour Asmaa Mohammed Farouk , El-Akabawy Nadia , Abd El Hameed Basma Hosny , Yahia Samah Hassan
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Cryptosporidiosis has become an issue of great interest being life-threatening among immunocompromised hosts worldwide. This study explored the curative effect of Allium sativum (garlic) and Artemisia herba-alba ethanolic extract versus Nitazoxanide drug on both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed-Cryptosporidium experimentally-infected mice.
Methodology: One hundred male Swiss albino mice were divided into the following groups: (GI) non-infected non-treated group, (GII) infected non-treated group, (GIII) garlic treated group, (GIV) A. herba-alba treated group, (GV) Nitazoxanide treated group, each group subdivided into two subgroups (a) Immunocompetent, (b) immunosuppressed. The assessment was performed by parasitological counting of fecal oocysts, histological examination of intestinal tissue, immunological detection of interferon-gamma levels in mice sera, and ultrastructural study by transmission electron microscopy.
Results: Garlic and A. herbal-alba extracts showed a decrease in the mean oocyst counts through all days of follow-up. This was associated with significant up-regulation of interferon-gamma cytokine levels in serum and histological improvement in intestinal tissues of mice compared to control groups and the results were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The highest efficacy was obtained by garlic, then by A. herbal-alba extracts followed by Nitazoxanide treated group; where the immunocompetent groups showed better improvement than immunosuppressed ones.
Conclusions: Garlic has a perfect effect as a promising therapeutic agent against Cryptosporidiosis and therefore validates their traditional use in parasitic infections. Accordingly, it may offer a good option for cryptosporidium treatment in immunocompromised patients. They could be used as a natural safe product for the preparation of a new therapeutic agent.
A study of long COVID-19 in Duhok, Kurdistan region, Iraq
Authors: Ahmed Salmas S , Adil Pawan I , Rasheed Narin A , Hussein Nawfal R , Dhama Kuldeep
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Long COVID-19 refers to a range of symptoms and complications that persist after being infected with COVID-19 or develop some time after recovery. Our study aimed at assessing the prevalence of long COVID-19 in Duhok city, Iraq and its correlation with epidemiological and clinical variables.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and August 2022. A questionnaire was used for data collection from participants aged 18 and older. The questionnaire included demographic information and clinical data.
Results: Among the 1039 participants, (49.7%) were male with a mean age of 34.048 ± 13 years. Total infected volunteers were 492 (47.4%), out of which 20.7% did not have long COVID-19 and 26.7% had long COVID-19. The most common long COVID-19 manifestations were fatigue (57%), hair loss (39%) and loss/change in the sense of smell or taste (35%). Correlation between the variables gender, comorbidities, age, and duration of infection, and long COVID-19 were significant (p values = 0.016, 0.018, 0.001, and 0.001 respectively).
Conclusions: There was a significant correlation between long COVID-19 cases and age, gender, comorbidities, and duration of infection. The data of this report can be used as a baseline for studies that may help further understand long COVID-19 sequelae.
Primary neurological manifestations of HIV in children
Authors: David Jane Jackie , Zaki Syed Ahmed , Shanbag Preeti
Published: July 2023

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) causes various diseases in different age groups. Neurological manifestations of HIV are common and add to morbidity and mortality. It was previously thought that the central nervous system (CNS) was involved only in the advanced stages of the disease. However, recent evidence supports pathological involvement of the CNS from initial viral entry. Some of the CNS manifestations in children share similarities to neurologic disorders of HIV-infected adult patients, while others are unique to the pediatric population. Many HIV-related neurologic complications seen in adults are rarely encountered in children with AIDS and vice versa. However, with recent advances in the treatment, more HIV-infected children are surviving into adulthood. A systematic review of the available literature was performed to study the manifestations, causes, outcomes, and treatment of primary neurologic disorders in children with HIV. Online databases (Ovid Medline, Embase and PubMed), websites from the World Health Organization, commercial search engines, including Google, and chapters on HIV in standard textbooks of pediatrics and medicine were reviewed.
HIV-associated neurological syndromes can be classified into four types: primary HIV neurological diseases, treatment-related neurological diseases, adverse neurological effects of antiretroviral therapy and secondary/opportunistic neurological illness. These conditions are not mutually exclusive and may co-exist in a given patient. This narrative review will focus mainly on the primary neurological manifestations of HIV in children.
Population of the Javan Gibbon (Hylobates moloch) in the Dieng Mountains, Indonesia: An updated estimation from a new approach
Authors: Widyastuti Salmah , Perwitasari-Farajallah Dyah , Iskandar Entang , Prasetyo Lilik , Setiawan Arif , Aoliya Nur , Cheyne Susan
Published: July 2023

The Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) is endemic to the island of Java and its distribution is restricted from the western tip of Java to the Dieng Mountains in Central Java. Unlike the other known habitats that hold a large population of Javan gibbons, the Dieng Mountains have not been protected and experience various threats. This study, which was conducted in 2018 and 2021, aimed to provide an update of the current density and population size of Javan gibbons in Dieng after the most recent study in 2010 and to investigate their relationships with habitat characteristics (vegetation and elevation). The triangulation method and a new acoustic spatial capture-recapture method were used to estimate group density. A new approach for extrapolation, based on the habitat suitability model, was also developed to calculate population size. The results show that the Javan gibbon population in the Dieng Mountains has most likely increased. The mean group density in each habitat type was high: 2.15 groups/km2 in the low suitable habitat and 5.55 groups/km2 in the high suitable habitat. The mean group size (3.95 groups/km2, n = 20) was higher than those reported in previous studies. The overall population size was estimated to be 1092 gibbons. This population increase might indicate the success of conservation efforts during the last decade. However, more effort should be made to ensure the long-term future of this threatened species. Although the density significantly differed between habitat suitability types, it was not influenced by the vegetation structure or elevation. A combination of multiple variables will probably have a greater effect on density variation.
DNA barcoding data release for the Phoridae (Insecta, Diptera) of the Halimun-Salak National Park (Java, Indonesia)
Authors: Chimeno Caroline , Schmidt Stefan , Hamid Hasmiandy , Narakusumo Raden Pramesa , Peggie Djunijanti , Balke Michael , Cancian de Araujo Bruno
Published: July 2023

Launched in 2015, the large-scale initiative Indonesian Biodiversity Discovery and Information System (IndoBioSys) is a multidisciplinary German-Indonesian collaboration with the main goal of establishing a standardised framework for species discovery and all associated steps. One aspect of the project includes the application of DNA barcoding for species identification and biodiversity assessments. In this framework, we conducted a large-scale assessment of the insect fauna of the Mount Halimun-Salak National Park which is one of the largest tropical rain-forest ecosystems left in West Java. In this study, we present the results of processing 5,034 specimens of Phoridae (scuttle flies) via DNA barcoding. Despite limited sequencing success, we obtained more than 500 clusters using different algorithms (RESL, ASAP, SpeciesIdentifier). Moreover, Chao statistics indicated that we drastically undersampled all trap sites, implying that the true diversity of Phoridae is, in fact, much higher. With this data release, we hope to shed some light on the hidden diversity of this megadiverse group of flies.
Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of the longhorn beetle, Batocera horsfieldi (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) and its phylogenetic analysis with suitable longhorn beetles
Authors: Wu Junhao , Xu Danping , Wei Xinju , Liao Wenkai , Li Xiushan , Zhuo Zhihang
Published: July 2023

Mitochondrial genome analysis is an important tool for studying insect phylogenetics. The longhorn beetle, Batocera horsfieldi, is a significant pest in timber, economic and protection forests. This study determined the mitochondrial genome of B. horsfieldi and compared it with the mitochondrial genomes of other Cerambycidae with the aim of exploring the phylogenetic status of the pest and the evolutionary relationships among some Cerambycidae subgroups. The complete mitochondrial genome of B. horsfieldi was sequenced by the Illumina HiSeq platform. The mitochondrial genome was aligned and compared with the existing mitochondrial genomes of Batocera lineolata and B. rubus in GenBank (MF521888, MW629558, OM161963, respectively). The secondary structure of transfer RNA (tRNA) was predicted using tRNAScan-SE server v.1.21 and MITOS WebSever. Thirteen protein-coding genes (PCGs) and two ribosomal RNA gene sequences of 21 longhorn beetles, including B. horsfieldi, plus two outgroups, Dryops ernesti (Dryopidae) and Heterocerus parallelus (Heteroceridae), were analyzed. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. In this study, we successfully obtained the complete mitochondrial genome of B. horsfieldi for the first time, which is 15 425 bp in length. It contains 37 genes and an A + T-rich region, arranged in the same order as the recognized ancestor of longhorn beetles. The genome of B. horsfieldi is composed of 33.12% A bases, 41.64% T bases, 12.08% C bases, and 13.16% G bases. The structure, nucleotide composition, and codon usage of the new mitochondrial genome are not significantly different from other longhorn mitochondrial genomes. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Cerambycidae formed a highly supported single clade, and Vesperidae was either clustered with Cerambycidae or formed a separate clade. Interestingly, B. horsfieldi, B. rubus and B. lineolata were clustered with Monochamus and Anoplophora species in both analyses, with high node support. Additionally, the VesperidaeSpiniphilus spinicornis and Vesperus sanzi and the 19 Cerambycidae species formed a sister clade in the Bayesian analysis. Our results have produced new complete mitogenomic data, which will provide information for future phylogenetic and taxonomic research, and provide a foundation for future relevant research.
Some new applications of the quantum-difference operator on subclasses of multivalent $ q $-starlike and $ q $-convex functions associated with the Cardioid domain
Authors: Khan Mohammad Faisal , Abubaker Ahmad A. , Al-Shaikh Suha B. , Matarneh Khaled
Published: July 2023

In this study, we consider the quantum difference operator to define new subclasses of multivalent $ q $-starlike and $ q $-convex functions associated with the cardioid domain. We investigate a number of interesting problems for functions that belong to these newly defined classes, such as bounds for the first two Taylor-Maclaurin coefficients, estimates for the Fekete-Szeg ö type functional, and coefficient inequalities. The important point of this article is that all the bounds that we have investigated are sharp. Many well-known corollaries are also presented to demonstrate the relationship between prior studies and the results of this article.
A posteriori error estimates of mixed discontinuous Galerkin method for a class of Stokes eigenvalue problems
Authors: Sun Lingling , Bi Hai , Yang Yidu
Published: July 2023

For a class of Stokes eigenvalue problems including the classical Stokes eigenvalue problem and the magnetohydrodynamic Stokes eigenvalue problem a residual type a posteriori error estimate of the mixed discontinuous Galerkin finite element method using $ \mathbb{P}_{k}-\mathbb{P}_{k-1} $ element $ (k\geq 1) $ is studied in this paper. The a posteriori error estimators for approximate eigenpairs are given. The reliability and efficiency of the posteriori error estimator for the eigenfunction are proved and the reliability of the estimator for the eigenvalue is also analyzed. The numerical results are provided to confirm the theoretical predictions and indicate that the method considered in this paper can reach the optimal convergence order $ O(dof^{\frac{-2k}{d}}) $.
Preface to the Special Issue: Nonlinear PDEs and geometric analysis – Dedicated to Neil Trudinger on the occasion of his 80th birthday
Authors: Clutterbuck Julie , Liu Jiakun
Published: July 2023

This contribution is the preface of the Special Issue: Nonlinear PDEs and geometric analysis – Dedicated to Neil Trudinger on the occasion of his 80th birthday.
Effects on Saudi Female Student Learning Experiences in a Programming Subject Using Mobile Devices: An Empirical Study
Authors: Alanazi Afrah , Li Alice , Soh Ben
Published: July 2023

There is a dearth of research on how mobile learning might help Saudi female students in particular perform better in computer programming courses. This paper aims to measure educational experiences ofSaudi female students using an empirical study, based on aframework related to mobile learning in a computer programming subject.

The empirical study sample involved 21 students who used the ViLLE software tool in their quizzes in programming class. This study includes a survey with a mixed-method approach. The study results showed that students were satisfied with their mobile learning experience. The degree of satisfaction demonstrates how mobile learning can enhance learning in a computer programming subject.
A Comparative Study on the Performance of 64-bit ARM Processors
Authors: Al-Shaikh Ala'a , Shaheen Ameen , Rasmi Al-Mousa Mohammed , Alqawasmi Khaled , Al Sherideh Ala'a Saeb , Khattab Hebatullah
Published: July 2023

Mobile devices are playing an important role in our daily lives. Nowadays, mobile devices are not only phones to call and text, but they are also smart devices that enable users to do almost any task that could be done on a regular PC.  At the heart of the design of smartphones, there lies the processor to which almost all the development in the smartphone arena is attributed. Recently, ARM processors are among the most prominent processors used in mobile devices, smartphones, and embedded systems. This paper conducts an experimental comparative study of ARM 64-bit processors in terms of performance and their effect on power consumption, CPU temperature, and battery temperature.  We use a number of well-known benchmarks to evaluate those characteristics of three smartphones, namely, Snapdragon 778G+, Exynos 1280 and HiSilicon Kirin 980. Those smartphones are all equipped with ARM 64-bit processors. Our results reveal that none of the three-selected smartphones was the best in all characteristics; each has superiority amongst others in certain characteristics and is dominated by others in other characteristics.
Preference, Challenges, and Satisfaction with Using E-Books: Is There a Gender Difference among Omani Nursing Students?
Authors: Thanka Anitha Nesa , Natarajan Jansirani , Joseph Mickael Antoine
Published: July 2023

Objectives: As technology becomes increasingly popular among millennial nursing students, publishers are transitioning towards electronic textbooks (e-books). E-books have advantages for long-term learning and budget control compared to conventional printed textbooks. This cross-sectional descriptive study examined the perceived usefulness, challenges, and satisfaction with e-books compared to printed textbooks, among Omani nursing students.

Methods: Data was collected from a convenience sample of 77 students who used e-books in a community health nursing course using a valid and reliable survey in the fall 2020 semester. Results: Results showed that despite reporting more challenges with printed textbooks, the majority of students (74%) preferred printed textbooks. Additionally, 71.4% of students had a low level of satisfaction with e-books. Female students had a higher preference for printed textbooks and lower satisfaction with e-books compared to male participants.

Conclusion: More research is needed to understand the reasons behind students' preference for printed textbooks, and to investigate the gender differences observed in this study.
The Role of Communication on The Quality of E-Services and Food Quality: The Case of Online Food Delivery
Authors: Ali Akbar Mahmood , Alawi Sayed Haytham , Faizal Shabana , S Menon Nidhi
Published: July 2023

The trend of online food delivery is booming in developing and emerging countries and COVID-19 has made it further under the spot. Now, it is the time for marketers and owners of restaurants to develop effective marketing strategies. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the effect of communication on e-service quality and food quality on customers’ loyalty. These relations were further explored by the mediating role of communication. Methodology- The data were collected from customers ordering food online. The collected data were further analyzed by using AMOS. The results highlighted that both e-service quality and food quality can enhance the loyalty of customers. Moreover, the presence of communication also, explained that e-service quality and food quality can significantly and positively affect customer loyalty. This research has highlighted the broader domains but still there are some limitations that can be addressed by future studies. The study is based on one country and future studies can compare the results of developed and developing countries. In addition, the model of study can be enhanced by introducing subjective knowledge or information credibility as potential moderators because they can also generate loyalty.
The effect of covid-19 on the profitability of commercial banks: evidence from South Asian region
Authors: Fernando J. M. R. , Ishari S. A. M.
Published: July 2023

This study aims to examine the effects of COVID-19 on the profitability of commercial banks in the South Asian region. This study investigates and evaluates licensed commercial banks' financial performance in Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. The data were drawn from quarterly financial statements over 15 quarters from 2018 Q1 to 2021 Q3. Twelve commercial banks in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh and ten commercial banks in Pakistan have been taken as the sample for this study. Capital adequacy ratio, Loan to deposit ratio, Non-performing loan ratio, and COVID-19 are the independent variables. Return on assets and Return on equity are the profitability proxies, and bank size and bank ownership are the control variables. Panel regression was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacts the profitability of commercial banks in Sri Lanka. And on the contrary, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly negatively impacts the profitability of commercial banks in Pakistan. Furthermore, Pakistan's banking sector was found as the primarily affected banking sector in the South Asian region in terms of profitability during the pandemic. The outcomes of this study suggest that banks should frame more into risk management strategies and Basel III requirements. In addition, irrespective of the size of the banks, the managers should not underplay the importance of capital adequacy. Hence consistent evaluation of the CAR is vital. And also, this study recommends that bank managers should focus more on credit risk management, particularly in turbulent conditions.
Transformaciones en la participación ritual y política de mujeres dentro del movimiento masortí
Authors: Lerner Vanesa Cynthia
Published: July 2023

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las transformaciones en las formas de participación ritual y política de las mujeres dentro del movimiento judío conservador o masortí en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, a partir de la reconstrucción de historias de vida de cuatro interlocutoras. Se trató de una investigación cualitativa, valiéndose del enfoque interpretativo desde una perspectiva sociológica. Las mujeres recuerdan los modos en que por medio de sus intervenciones lograron ampliar la participación femenina en rituales que hasta el momento eran ejecutados por varones (hacer la ceremonia de Bat Mitzvá, leer la Torá [Pentateuco] o cargarla) y sus experiencias ocupando cargos directivos. Para el primer caso, dicha participación logró institucionalizarse, mientras que para el segundo, sigue siendo algo excepcional, teniendo continuidades con lo que sucedía con las mujeres durante el siglo XX.
FILOSOFIA E SCIENZA AD INIZIO DEL XXI SECOLO
Authors: Di Giovanni Piero
Published: July 2023

I. The relationship between philosophy and science is one of the central themes of Western culture, dating back to the physiology of the Pre-Socratics. This relationship involves another theme of enormous importance, consisting in the relationship between philosophy and theology, or between reason and faith, in a dimension that is, so to speak, secular. Philosophy represents the search for truth that human beings carry out through the organ of pure faculty. Therefore philosophy over time has always felt the need to face the results achieved by the physical-mathematical disciplines, based on the need to achieve the truth with the principles of observation and experiment too. At the beginning of the 21st century or, if we prefer, the third millennium, the relationship between philosophy and science is essential, if, among other things, it is considered necessary to reflect on the connotation of philosophy and the sciences. In this historical context, the need emerges to reflect above all on the destiny of humanity, dominated by the barbarism of war and social inequalities.
Adolescents’ experiences of psychotherapy following child sexual abuse
Authors: McElvaney Rosaleen , Monaghan Andrina , Treacy Christina , Delaney Naoise
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study was to explore adolescents’ experiences of psychotherapy following sexual abuse, complementing those studies that focus on outcomes and measurement of symptom change across the course of therapy and building on recent studies that focus on the process of psychotherapy for young people who have experienced sexual abuse, from their perspective. Recent reviews have highlighted the need for tailored approaches to therapy. Research is needed that focuses on young people’s experiences of therapy to help develop such tailored approaches. In this study, 16 young people aged 15-18 years who were attending specialist sexual violence therapeutic services were interviewed. Using thematic analysis, six themes were identified as reflecting their experiences of therapy following sexual abuse. Young people spoke of not wanting to attend; the importance of choice and not feeling pressured in both initially attending and in how the therapy unfolded; how helpful it was to talk; the centrality of the relationship with their therapist; the benefit of attending a specialist service; how helpful it was when the therapist explained things; and finally, the coping skills they learned in the therapeutic work. A key learning from the study is the importance of respecting young people's autonomy following such violations of trust and psychological integrity. The study highlights how engagement in therapy may be experienced as a re-enactment of an experience that was forced on the young person. Further qualitative research exploring this phenomenon could guide therapists on how to minimise such re-enactments in therapeutic work.
Quotients by countable normal subgroups are hyperfinite
Authors: Frisch Joshua , Shinko Forte
Published: July 2023

We show that for any Polish group

G

and any countable normal subgroup

\Gamma \triangleleft G

, the coset equivalence relation

G/\Gamma

is a hyperfinite Borel equivalence relation. In particular, the outer automorphism group of any countable group is hyperfinite.
Precise segmentation of fetal head in ultrasound images using improved U‐Net model
Authors: Nagabotu Vimala , Namburu Anupama
Published: July 2023

Monitoring fetal growth in utero is crucial to anomaly diagnosis. However, current computer‐vision models struggle to accurately assess the key metrics (i.e., head circumference and occipitofrontal and biparietal diameters) from ultrasound images, largely owing to a lack of training data. Mitigation usually entails image augmentation (e.g., flipping, rotating, scaling, and translating). Nevertheless, the accuracy of our task remains insufficient. Hence, we offer a U‐Net fetal head measurement tool that leverages a hybrid Dice and binary cross‐entropy loss to compute the similarity between actual and predicted segmented regions. Ellipse‐fitted two‐dimensional ultrasound images acquired from the HC18 dataset are input, and their lower feature layers are reused for efficiency. During regression, a novel region of interest pooling layer extracts elliptical feature maps, and during segmentation, feature pyramids fuse field‐layer data with a new scale attention method to reduce noise. Performance is measured by Dice similarity, mean pixel accuracy, and mean intersection‐over‐union, giving 97.90%, 99.18%, and 97.81% scores, respectively, which match or outperform the best U‐Net models.
Fluid, Aircraft Deicing/Anti-Icing, SAE Type I
Authors:   G-12ADF Aircraft Deicing Fluids
Published: July 2023

This foundation specification (AMS1424S) and its associated category specifications (AMS1424/1 and AMS1424/2) cover a deicing/anti-icing material in the form of a fluid.
Retainers, (Backup Rings), Hydraulic and Pneumatic, Polytetrafluoroethylene Resin, Solid, Un-Cut, for Use in Static Glands to AS5857
Authors:   A-6C2 Seals Committee
Published: July 2023

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) specifies solid polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) retainers (backup rings) for use in static glands in accordance with AS5857. They are usually for use in hydraulic and pneumatic systems as anti-extrusion devices in conjunction with O-rings and other seals.
Influence of a Polyimide Coating Layer on Losses of Fabricated SOI Slot Waveguides
Authors: Salih Maithem Naeem , Mickelson Alan
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate experimentally and simultaneously the impact of the Polyimide (PI) coating layer on the coupling and propagation losses of the fabricated SOI slot waveguides at 1550 nm operation wavelength and TE polarization. Full Text: PDF References

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Authors: Barczak Kamil , Juraszek Janusz
Published: July 2023

The paper presents the research of a optical fiber current sensor with external conversion (OFCS-EC) as a function of temperature. The sensor was developed in the Department of Optoelectronics. The sensor was tested in the temperature range from 23 °C – 80 °C. For each of the temperatures, the sensitivity was determined on the basis of a sinusoidal waveform. Thus, the linearity of the transfer characteristics was checked. The main purpose of the experiment was to check the limits of sensitivity changes in changing thermal conditions and whether the sensor meets the standards used in the power industry. Full Text: PDF References

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Contributions to the Jubilee Symposium of the Photonics Society of Poland for its 15th anniversary by Optica
Authors: Roll Claus , Woggon Ulrike
Published: July 2023

In this article we summarize our presentations as two representatives from Optica (formerly OSA) at the ceremony celebrating the 15th anniversary of the Photonics Society of Poland. The first presentation provides an update of the dynamic industrial revolution occurring in light science and technologies. In the second presentation, recent activities of Optica in Europe are shown.
Sexuality in Britain 1780–1914
Authors: Clark Anna
Published: July 2023

Historians and nineteenth-century people alike debate over how we know what people did and felt regarding sexuality in the nineteenth century, but the most interesting aspect is how
they understood, articulated, censored, or created new understandings of it. The period 1780–1850 witnessed a great rise in births out of wedlock. In response, authorities used
workhouses to discipline unmarried mothers. Similarly, from the 1860s the police regulated prostitution. But both efforts produced political protests. Men who had sex with other men
also faced increasing police regulation, but sex between women was not illegal and largely hidden. During the late nineteenth century sexual purity advocates, Darwinians, eugenicists,
and feminists debated the function and morality of sexuality.
Marriage and family in the nineteenth century
Authors: Frost Ginger
Published: July 2023

The Victorian family had an enduring ideology, but one that was fractured by class, region, and time. Domesticity was the major belief system of the middle classes in Britain. This
ideology included strong gender differences and roles, a focus on marriage as a relationship, and a sanctifying view of parenthood. Its tenets influenced the working class, but the
poor could not follow its rules too closely. The ideal also set impossibly high standards, so that the age of the valorization of companionate marriage was also the age of divorce,
recognition of domestic violence, and intervention of the state in problem families. In the end, family life was crucially important for most Victorians; one reason the cultural
influence has remained powerful into the twenty-first century.
Social class in Britain, 1770–1914
Authors: Seed John
Published: July 2023

This essay examines changes and adaption of social class in Britain throughout the long nineteenth century. The essay argues that class while not a catch all for British Society in this
period, is still a key concept in historical and political understanding of the period. The essay examines evidence about wealth and occupation that seeks to present a sense of the
shape of British society and to track how it changed across the long nineteenth century arguing that class is an active and dynamic force that affected political and cultural life.
Một số bất cập về quyền hưởng dụng theo pháp luật Việt Nam
Authors: Lượng Lê Duy
Published: July 2023

Trong xã hội ngày nay, các tài sản dưới dạng quyền hưởng dụng ngày càng đa dạng, có xu hướng gia tăng theo thời gian và đây là quyền mới được quy định trong Bộ luật Dân sự (BLDS) 2015 (Quốc hội, 2015). Chính vì vậy, pháp luật điều chỉnh về quyền hưởng dụng còn một số bất cập như: thời hạn hưởng quyền hưởng dụng, việc hoàn trả lại tài sản là quyền hưởng khi góp vốn vào công ty, đăng ký tài sản là quyền hưởng dụng, ai phải bồi thường thiệt hại do tài sản là hưởng dụng gây ra. Các bất cập này sẽ được bài viết biện giải, chỉ ra qua phương pháp tra cứu, phân tích, diễn dịch, quy nạp, để dự báo hậu quả, giảm thiểu rủi ro cho các chủ thể khi tham gia giao dịch bằng loại tài sản này và đưa ra các gợi ý điều chỉnh, cải thiện pháp luật về quyền hưởng dụng đối với các vấn đề còn bất cập.
Ảnh hưởng lao động nữ đối với quyết định phân bổ thời gian cho việc học hoặc tham gia lao động của con cái cho trường hợp tại nông thôn Việt Nam
Authors: Huy Võ Hồ Quốc , Bửu Trần Quốc , Sáng Hoàng Quang , Hiên Nguyễn Xuân , Nam Trương Ngọc Hà
Published: July 2023

Nghiên cứu sử dụng bộ số liệu Khảo sát mức sống hộ gia đình Việt Nam năm 2018 và phương pháp hồi quy Multinomial Logistic nhằm phân tích mối quan hệ giữa thời gian làm việc của người mẹ đến sự phân bổ thời gian của người con cho việc học hoặc tham gia lao động. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy việc người mẹ dành nhiều thời gian cho công việc giúp người con càng được đến trường nhiều hơn. Các yếu tố khác như tuổi, trình độ học vấn, quy mô hộ, tài sản, dân tộc cũng ảnh hưởng đến quyết định phân bổ thời gian của người con trong gia đình. Kết quả nghiên cứu không chỉ đóng góp cho các nghiên cứu thực nghiệm về lao động nữ và sự phân bổ thời gian của trẻ mà còn đề xuất những chính sách giúp chính phủ và chính quyền địa phương hỗ trợ cho con em được học hành đến nơi đến chốn vì trẻ em của hiện tại chính là tương lai của quốc gia.
Predicting Nitrogen Content in Oil Palms through Machine Learning and RGB Aerial Imagery
Authors:   Computer Science Department, BINUS Graduate Program – Master of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Indonesia, Putra Kielvien Lourensius Eka Setia , Pramudya Fabian Surya , Gunawan Alexander Agung Santoso , Mimboro Prasetyo ,   Mathematics Department, School of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Indonesia.
Published: July 2023

—Nitrogen is a crucial nutrient for the sustainable health and productivity of oil palm plantations. Accurate fertilization for Nitrogencan optimize production while reducing maintenance costs. This study investigates the relationship between various vegetation indices and oil palm Nitrogen content using aerial images. We employ and compare different machine learning algorithms to predict Nitrogen content in oil palms, utilizing RGB aerial images obtained from PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV (PTPN IV) in North Sumatra. Twelve vegetation indices are assessed, considering the limited spectral information available from the aerial images. Our findings reveal that the random forest algorithm, when applied to Hue, Green Leaf Index, and Coloration Index, yields the highest prediction accuracy of 90.13%. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that machine learning algorithms can effectively overcome the limitations of near-infrared channel availability, allowing for the prediction of Nitrogen content using RGB aerial images as a proxy for chlorophyll absorption.
Encarcelamiento materno y problemas de comportamiento en niños, niñas y jóvenes en Chile
Authors: Rufs Catalina , Larroulet Pilar , Valenzuela Eduardo
Published: July 2023

La tasa de encarcelamiento ha aumentado significativamente en Chile en las últimas décadas, siendo este aumento particularmente pronunciado en el caso de la población penal femenina. En una sociedad patriarcal donde la crianza recae principalmente en las mujeres, esto genera consecuencias para ellas y sus hijos/as. Este artículo explora en qué medida las características de los/as niños/as, del contexto donde quedan y de la condena de la madre se relacionan con más conductas problemáticas. Con una muestra representativa de mujeres privadas de libertad de Santiago de Chile, y a través de regresiones logísticas, se evidencia que los/as niños/as de mayor edad, que vivían con su madre antes del encarcelamiento y reportan problemas con la persona que queda a cargo de cuidarles fuera de la cárcel tienen mayores probabilidades de presentar conductas problemáticas. Estos resultados son robustos incluso cuando se controla por el consumo de sustancias y la reincidencia previa de la madre.
L2 Writing in a Machine Translation-based Korean Writing Class －Learner Perceptions and Characteristics of Translated Texts
Authors: Park Sue Jin
Published: July 2023

This study examined how Korean learners perceive machine translation in Korean writing class, what the characteristics of machine-translated texts are, and what patterns appear depending on the level of Korean proficiency. Based on these results, this study aimed to suggest how machine translation in Korean writing class would help both of instructors and students. According to a survey of 77 Korean learners, 96% use machine translation and about 90% find it convenient. For beginners, most used machine translation when translating their native language into Korean, while intermediate and advanced learners used machine translation when translating Korean into their native language. Machine translation was mainly used for learning written language. In the second survey of same population, more than 98% of learners recognized that machine translation was convenient but inaccurate, and 97% required that there would be activities to use machine translation which could also provide feedback during class time. In sum, advanced level learners reviewed and modified machine-translated results more carefully than beginners and intermediate level learners, while beginners reviewed and modified less carefully than intermediate and advanced level learners. Thus based on this study, the teaching and learning methods for using machine translation in the writing class were presented as ‘1) finding problems and correcting one’s own language knowledge through self-correction after using machine translation, 2) discovering the differences between one’s mother tongue and Korean through back-translation activities, 3) discovering and using ways to reduce machine translation errors, where 4) the instructor should guide learners to discover cultural elements and provide explicit feedback., discovering various translations according to translation purpose and intention through cooperative activities.’
A Study on Error Analysis by Re-entry Overseas Korean Learners
Authors: Kim Boyeong
Published: July 2023

This study aims to identify the interlanguage used by overseas Koreans who re-entered Korea for the purpose of studying Korean and entering domestic college through the methodology of error analysis. In particular, this study intends to systematically analyze the Korean language errors of overseas Koreans according to proficiency variables (beginner, intermediate, and advanced) and discourse medium variables (written and spoken language). To this end, this study made a well-balanced corpus of overseas Korean learners with 13,238 words. The results of this study are as follows: First, as a result of the distribution of relative error frequency, the frequency of errors increases as the proficiency increases, and the frequency of errors in written discourse are about five times higher than in spoken discours. Second, as a result of analyzing the frequency of errors by error location, the errors of general nouns shows the highest frequency even in advanced levels without decreasing. Also, the subjective marker was not a top 5 error in the written discourse, although it was a top 2 error in the spoken discourse. Third, as a result of analyzing the frequency of errors by error type, replacement errors were the most common, which was followed by misform, Addition, and Omission errors. At the intermediate level, the replacement error decreased, while the misform error increased. While the misform errors are rather reduced in spoken discourse, addition and omission errors appear more frequently than in written discourse.
A Typology Study of Pre-service Teachers' Perceptions of the Arts Writing Courses as Part of the Liberal Arts Education in University －Focusing on ‘Creative Writing’ of K University’
Authors: Kim Jong-min
Published: July 2023

This study used the Q-methodology to categorize and examine the characteristics of pre-service teachers' perceptions of the writing course called ‘Creative Writing,’ a liberal arts writing course at K University, in order to identify the types of class perceptions of students in the Korean Language Education Department and the English Language Education Department.Based on the results of previous studies, a Q-sample was constructed and reviewed by 33 experts. The sample involved in-depth interviews with students, as well as questionnaires related to university liberal arts writing courses. 28 students of ‘Creative Writing’ were selected as a P-sample and analyzed using PQ method 2.35, and the results of the study were interpreted based on strong positive, strong negative, and identification questions in order to derive five types of perceptions related to creative writing. The fourth type of writer is the “discovery writer,” who has discovered the joy of writing itself. The fifth category is “collaborative writing strategy discovery,” where students are intrigued by the collaborative process and discover different strategies for good writing.It is hoped that these findings will serve as a foundation for the development and improvement of college liberal arts writing courses and as a way to increase the awareness of pre-service teachers when it comes to writing instruction.
Reflective Teaching with the Film “Get Out” ‘Watch Together’
Authors: Na Eunmi
Published: July 2023

This study explored the possibility of reflective education using the film Get Out. With the expansion of OTT services, ‘watching alone’ and ‘quick playback’ are becoming commonplace. In this paper, we propose a way to deepen the understanding of the film's core message and lead to reflection by watching and discussing the film together.Although racism is publicly prohibited and seems to have been politically resolved to some extent, it is still at the root of various problems in modern society. The film Get Out provides an opportunity to reflect on this issue of racism and also on identity, which is a major issue during the university years.This paper provides an opportunity to reflect on stereotypes and prejudicial attitudes by discussing how stereotypes can easily lead to discrimination and furthermore to hatred and conflict. It also provides an opportunity to reflect on identity, such as the students' own values and beliefs, by discussing the problem of identity confusion caused by the transplantation of a black body and a white brain.