bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A bipedal DNA nanowalker fueled by catalytic assembly for imaging of base-excision repairing in living cells
Authors: Lv Meng-Mei , Liu Jin-Wen , Yu Ru-Qin , Jiang Jian-Hui
Published: August 2020

The developed DNA bipedal walker represents improved sensitivity, kinetics and walking steps for intracellular fluorescence imaging of base-excision repairing.
Correction: Palladium-catalysed 5-endo-trig allylic (hetero)arylation
Authors: Singh Bara , Bankar Siddheshwar K. , Kumar Ketan , Ramasastry S. S. V.
Published: August 2020

Correction for ‘Palladium-catalysed 5-endo-trig allylic (hetero)arylation’ by Bara Singh et al., Chem. Sci., 2020, 11, 4948–4953, DOI: 10.1039/D0SC01932A.
Implanting FeCo/C nanocages with tunable electromagnetic parameters in anisotropic wood carbon aerogels for efficient microwave absorption
Authors: Xiong Ye , Xu Lulu , Yang Caixia , Sun Qingfeng , Xu Xijin
Published: August 2020

Implanting FeCo/C nanocages with tunable electromagnetic parameters in anisotropic wood carbon aerogels for efficient microwave absorption.
Tartaric acid regulated the advanced synthesis of bismuth-based materials with tunable performance towards the electrocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Morandi Paul , Flaud Valerie , Tingry Sophie , Cornu David , Holade Yaovi
Published: August 2020

Alkalinity as a powerful tool to regulate the synthesis of nano-structured metallic, (oxy)hydroxide and oxide bismuth materials with tunable O2-to-H2O2performance.
Improving the photothermal therapy efficacy and preventing the surface oxidation of bismuth nanoparticles through the formation of a bismuth@bismuth selenide heterostructure
Authors: Li Bing , Cheng Yan , Zheng Runxiao , Wu Xiaqing , Qi Fan , Wu Yunyun , Hu Yaqing , Li Xi
Published: August 2020

Bi2Se3 was coated on Bi NPs for improving the photothermal efficacy and preventing the surface oxidation of Bi NPs due to the staggered energy levels between Bi and Bi2Se3 as well as the more stability of Bi2Se3 than Bi NPs.
Versatile composite hydrogels for drug delivery and beyond
Authors: Chiang Yi-Hua , Wu Meng-Ju , Hsu Wei-Chin , Hu Teh-Min
Published: August 2020

Albumin–organosilane composite hydrogels were prepared and characterized in both their wet and dry states. The wet gels were evaluated using an all-in-one-plate method for drug-delivery applications. Besides, the dry gels can withstand and absorb polar and nonpolar solvents.
Influence of mechanical, thermal, and electrical perturbations on the dielectric behaviour of guest-encapsulated HKUST-1 crystals
Authors: Babal Arun Singh , Tan Jin-Chong
Published: August 2020

Dielectric response of a guest-encapsulated metal-organic framework (HKUST-1 MOF) can be tuned and regulated by imposing an alternating electric field, coupled with temperature variation and mechanical stress.
Novel electrochemical devices with high contrast ratios and simultaneous electrochromic and electrofluorochromic response capability behaviours
Authors: Lin Hsiang-Ting , Wu Jung-Tsu , Chen Mu-Huai , Liou Guey-Sheng
Published: August 2020

A novel multi-functional material was utilized for preparing electrochemical devices simultaneously showing EC and EFC characteristics.
A low boiling-point and low-cost fluorinated additive improves the efficiency and stability of organic solar cells
Authors: Li Shaman , Ma Qing , Chen Shanshan , Meng Lei , Zhang Jinyuan , Zhang Zhanjun , Yang Changduk , Li Yongfang
Published: August 2020

Low boiling-point and low-cost 1,4-difluorobenzene was used as solvent additive to optimize the power conversion efficiency and stability of organic solar cells.
CLCA4 and MS4A12 as the significant gene biomarkers of primary colorectal cancer
Authors: Han Jing , Zhang Xue , Liu Yan , Jing Li , Liu Yi-bing , Feng Li
Published: August 2020

Background: Primary colorectal cancer (PCRC) is a common digestive tract cancer in the elderly. However, the treatment effect of PCRC is still limited, and the long-term survival rate is low. Therefore, further exploring the pathogenesis of PCRC, and searching for specific molecular targets for diagnosis are the development trends of precise medical treatment, which have important clinical significance.

Methods: The public data were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Verification for repeatability of intra-group data was performed by Pearson’s correlation test and principal component analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and PCRC were identified, and the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Significant module and hub genes were found in the PPI network. A total of 192 PCRC patients were recruited between 2010 and 2019 from the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University. RT-PCR was used to measure the relative expression of CLCA4 and MS4A12. Furthermore, the study explored the effect of expression of CLCA4 and MS4A12 for overall survival.

Results: A total of 53 DEGs were identified between PCRC and normal colorectal tissues. Ten hub genes concerned to PCRC were screened, namely CLCA4, GUCA2A, GCG, SST, MS4A12, PLP1, CHGA, PYY, VIP, and GUCA2B. The PCRC patients with low expression of CLCA4 and MS4A12 has a worse overall survival than high expression of CLCA4 and MS4A12 (P<0.05).

Conclusion: The research of DEGs in PCRC (53 DEGs, 10 hub genes, especially CLCA4 and MS4A12) and related signaling pathways is conducive to the differential analysis of the molecular mechanism of PCRC.
Traditional Chinese biomedical preparation (Huaier Granule) for breast cancer: a PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis
Authors: Yao Xialei , Wu Wenwen , Qu Kai , Xi Wei
Published: August 2020

Huaier Granule, a type of traditional Chinese biomedical preparation (TCBP), is considered to be a promising adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. Although an analysis of the published literature has been performed, the exact effects and safety of Huaier Granule remains controversial. Therefore, a wide-ranging systematic search of electronic databases from which to draw conclusions was performed. Data from 27 trials, including 2562 patients with breast cancer were analyzed. The results indicated that, compared with conventional treatment alone, the combination of conventional treatment and Huaier Granule markedly improved patients’ overall response (P=0.02) and quality of life (P<0.00001), and significantly prolonged 2-year (P=0.02), 3-year (P<0.0001) and 5-year (P=0.004) overall survival rates, and 1-year (P=0.003), 2-year (P<0.00001), 3-year (P<0.00001) and 5-year (P=0.03) disease-free survival. The immune function of patients was also significantly enhanced after combined intervention treatment, indicated by clearly increased percentages of CD3+ (P=0.05), CD4+ (P<0.00001) and natural killer cells (P<0.0001), and CD4+/CD8+ ratio (P<0.00001). The incidence of myelosuppression (P=0.001) and hepatotoxicity (P=0.05) was lower in breast cancer patients treated with Huaier Granule, whereas other adverse events did not differ significantly between the two groups (P>0.05). In summary, results of this meta-analysis suggest that the combination of conventional treatment and Huaier Granule is more effective for the treatment of breast cancer than conventional treatment alone.
Asteroseismology of twoKeplerdetached eclipsing binaries
Authors: Liakos A.
Published: August 2020

The present work contains light curve, spectroscopic, and asteroseismic analyses for KIC 04851217 and KIC 10686876. These systems are detached eclipsing binaries hosting a pulsating component ofδScuti type and have been observed with the unprecedented accuracy of theKeplerspace telescope. Using ground-based spectroscopic observations, the spectral types of the primary components of the systems were estimated as A6V and A5V for KIC 04851217 and KIC 10686876, respectively, with an uncertainty of one subclass. The present spectral classification, together with literature radial velocity curves, were used to model the light curves of the systems and, therefore, to calculate the absolute parameters of their components with a higher degree of certainty. The photometric data were analysed using standard eclipsing binary modeling techniques, while their residuals were further analysed using Fourier transformation techniques to extract the pulsation frequencies of their hostδScuti stars. The oscillation modes of the independent frequencies were identified using theoretical models ofδScuti stars. The distances of the systems were calculated using the relation between the luminosity and the pulsation period forδScuti stars. Here, the physical and the oscillation properties of the pulsating components of these systems are discussed and compared with others of the same type. Moreover, using all the currently known cases ofδScuti stars in detached binaries, updated correlations between orbital and dominant pulsation periods and between loggand pulsation periods are derived. It can concluded that the proximity of the companion plays significant role in the evolution of the pulsational frequencies.
Population studies of causative agent of wheat yellow rust in the Northwest Russia
Authors: Shaydayuk Ekaterina L. , Gultyaeva Elena I.
Published: August 2020

Wheat yellow rust (causative agent Puccinia striiformis West.) is a widespread disease of common wheat in the North-West Russia. A comparative analysis of P. striiformis populations, collected in the Leningrad region in 2019 on wheat and triticale, by virulence and racial composition was carried out for the first time. Virulence and racial composition of P. striiformis were studied using international and European sets of differentiating varieties and isogenic lines of “Avocet” with 20 Yr genes. A total of 55 single-pustule isolates of P. striiformis were studied, including 31 from common wheat, 10 from durum wheat and 14 from triticale. Using differentiating varieties, 2 races (111E247, 110E247) were identified among isolates from common wheat, 3 races from durum wheat (111E213, 111E231, 111E247), and 5 races from triticale (111E247, 78E209, 79E209, 111E231, 78E215). Using “Avocet” isogenic Yr lines, all isolates were avirulent to lines with the Yr5, Yr10, Yr11, Yr12, Yr15, Yr24, Yr26 genes and virulent to Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr9, Yr18, YrSp, YrJr(18), YrAS genes. Isolates virulent to Yr17 were revealed on triticale; avirulent to YrSk (27) – on durum wheat. and avirulent to YrAR – on triticale. Highly effective Yr genes can be recommended for wheat resistance breeding to to yellow rust.
Bacteria as agents of biocontrol of phytopathogens after laser stimulation and of their metabolites’ impact on plants
Authors: Maslova Marina V. , Grosheva Ekaterina V. , Budagovsky Andrey V. , Budagovskaya Olga. N.
Published: August 2020

The problem of increasing activity of phytopathogen antagonist bacteria under the influence of laser irradiation is considered in this paper. Studies on Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens from various plant protection products have shown that use of laser irradiation leads to an increase in the number of cells in bacterial suspensions. This indicator increased to a maximum of two times at effective exposures in comparison with the non-irradiated variants. That was justification for the need to study the nature of the impact of excessive content of metabolites in the substrate synthesized by such a quantity of bacteria from biological products, which is 2 or more times higher than the number of cells in the standard solutions. With a twofold and fourfold increase in the concentration of metabolites of the studied bacteria compared to their standard content in the medium, the photosynthetic activity of cucumber microplants increased by more than 32%. This suggests that laser stimulation of bacteria – agents of biocontrol of diseases does not adversely affect the functional state of plants.
Prospects of fluorescence methods application for monitoring of cyanobacterial cultures in biotechnology
Authors: Grigoryeva Natalia Yu. , Liss Anna A.
Published: August 2020

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microorganisms that possess a high potential for innovative applications in agriculture, food production, cosmeticals, wastewater remediation, biofuels, antioxidative enzymes production, etc. During the industrial cultivation of cyanobacteria several parameters as growth rate, physiological state and algological purity of the culture should be controled permanently. One of the methods that can provide on-line monitoring of cyanobacterial cultures and further process automatization is a fluorescence spectroscopy. In this work several fluorescence techniques are analysed and their possible adaptation for biotechnological applications is suggested.
Growth and development of Alfalfa depending on the type of nitrogen nutrition
Authors: Kozyreva Marina Yu. , Basieva Larisa Zh. , Nagham Majeed Hameed Al-Azawi , Chibirova Alda Kh. , Khetagurov Khetag M.
Published: August 2020

Mineral and symbiotrophic types of nitrogen nutrition of plants were compared in experiments with the blue-hybrid alfalfa. Variants with seed inoculation by high-mountain strains of nodule bacteria (In-1800 and N30+In) had the maximum height of plants during all experimental years (40-70 cm), which is explained by the better nitrogen provision of plants. At the same time, the effect of the mineral forms of nitrogen appeared only in the year of sowing at the beginning of the growing season to the first mowing, in the future the differences between these options were neutralized. The foliage intensity of plants was in the range of 41.4-54.8%, increasing due to the improved availability of biologically bound nitrogen in plants. Mineral forms of nitrogen reduced plants’ foliage coverage in all experimental years, however, this decrease was noted only in the initial periods of vegetation. The maximum indicators of foliage coverage were noted in the In-1800 variant. By the end of the third year of crops use, the plant stand density was 980-1100 thousand units/ha, and the total thinning of alfalfa crops reached 45-51%. At the same time, the symbiotrophic type of nitrogen nutrition made it possible to significantly increase the competitiveness of plants, which ultimately affected the persistence of the crop density.
The intertwining of reputation and sharing – The significance of standardization in preparing research data and the impact of project organization
Authors: Schrade Saskia-Rabea
Published: August 2020

Despite efforts to increase scientists’ willingness to share research data political stakeholders and funding agencies, there is still a discrepancy between scientists’ attitude toward data sharing and their actual practice. In a first step, this paper takes a close look at scientists’ definition of research data and the influence of project organization on scientist’ willingness to share data by analyzing interviews with scientists of three different disciplines. As the analysis shows, talking about “data sharing” should always happen in the context of data preparation and its various steps. Additionally, the influence of external factors such as a special form of project organization seems to be limited.
Governing games Adaptive game selection in the Math Garden
Authors: Brinkhuis Matthieu , Cordes Wessel , Hofman Abe
Published: August 2020

Utilizing online digital educational content has become the norm when teaching young students. A variety of adaptive educational practice sys- tems is readily available and allows students to practice various domains, on a preferred difficulty and pace. However, due to the intensification of the teaching profession and the possibilities of practicing from home, students might be left unsupervised, and as a result do not practice domains that are most important. This study proposes a solution to govern these students, i.e., provide comput- erized data driven supervision that guides students in practicing domains most important with no intervention of a teacher.

Through an experiment involving 13 578 participants, a new governing method was tested and found to have positive effects on both engagement and learning, with almost no changes to the visual interface needed. Governing seems a promising technique in general, and was effectively tested and introduced in Math Garden.
Effect of machine hammer peening on the surface integrity of a ZnAl-based corrosion protective coating
Authors: Timmermann Alina , Abdulgader Mohamed , Hagen Leif , Koch Alexander , Wittke Philipp , Biermann Dirk , Tillmann Wolfgang , Walther Frank
Published: August 2020

Thermally sprayed protective coatings are applied onto many mechanically stressed components such as support structures, shafts, turbine blades or heat exchangers. In addition to the static or cyclic load, a superimposition with corrosion processes occurs in many cases. Thermal sprayed ZnAl coatings are known for their performant corrosion protection properties. Within this context, the potential of ZnAl-based layer systems was analyzed regarding corrosion fatigue behavior. Therefore, a timeand cost-efficient testing strategy based on a corrosion-superimposed load increase procedure was used to estimate the effects of a corrosive attack during cyclic loading. The investigated coating systems were thermally sprayed and partially post-processed with a Machine Hammer Peening (MHP) operation. This treatment was identified as an appropriate technique for compressing and smoothing coated surfaces. The inter-relationships between the parametrization of the MHP process, the resulting surface integrity, and the estimated corrosion fatigue properties were analyzed. The investigations indicate a positive effect of MHP post-processing operations on the surface properties of the ZnAl-based coating system.
The Influence of the AWJM Working Parameters on Manufactured Surfaces Microgeometry
Authors: Patirnac Iulian , Ripeanu Razvan George , Laudacescu Eugen
Published: August 2020

The aim of this paper is to make a research in order to analyze the modification of the microgeometry parameters of AWJ machined surfaces for a ductile material used in oilfield and petrochemical equipment. Experimental research was performed on waterjet cutting machine model YCWJ-380-1520 using pre-establish working conditions. The SURTRONIC 3+ device was used in order to measure the microgeometry characteristics of the machined surfaces. Experimental tests were performed regarding some values for: material thickness, working feed-rate and standoff distance. The obtained outcomes highlighted that there are three zones on cutting surfaces for thick material and only two zones for thin materials. There are a lot of profile parameters provided by the software and there were taken into account only the average roughness (Ra) and average waviness (Wa). For each of those two parameters were accomplished graphical representation for every working parameters in order to establish an analytical dependence between them. The outcomes which were obtained are polynomial four order equations of average roughness and waviness according to standoff distance. The analytical relations obtained give us the possibility to estimate the average roughness of the surfaces related to thickness, feed-rate and standoff distance.
Functional Analysis Diagram of a Flux Modulated Magnetic Gear
Authors: Galmadi Gheorghe , Dodun Oana
Published: August 2020

The reliability of a system is generally done by a functional analysis (FA), whose mission is to provide a deep understanding of the object to be designed, to discover all the valuable solutions, modes, and configurations, and finally to choose the best options for the system’s design. Functional analysis is then matched with a dysfunctional analysis, such as Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, to foresee and take measures to avoid the possible dysfunctionalities of the system and to determine the most suitable model. In this paper, the functional analysis diagram (FAD) is used in the conceptual phase of the design process of a Flux Modulated Magnetic Gear.
Impact of process parameters on dimensional accuracy of PolyJet 3D printed parts using grey Taguchi method
Authors: Aslani Kyriaki-Evangelia , Korlos Apostolos , Kechagias John D , Salonitis Konstantinos
Published: August 2020

In this study, the dimensional accuracy of parts fabricated with PolyJet 3D Printing Direct process is investigated. An L4 orthogonal array was utilized as the design of experiments, while the process parameters examined are layer thickness, build style and scale. A simple prototype was proposed and specified external and internal dimensions were measured using a digital vernier calliper. Grey-Taguchi method was applied for optimizing all dimensional measurements. The effect of each parameter on dimensional accuracy has been identified using ANOM (Analysis of Means), while ANOVA (Analysis of Variances) has been performed to determine each parameter’s dominance. Additionally, the results of this study were compared with the findings of a previous optimization study in which the usual Taguchi method was used. It was concluded that 16 μm of layer thickness, glossy style and 50% scale provide the optimum dimensional results, while scale is the most important factor.
An ad hoc decision support method over additive vs. conventional manufacturing
Authors: Polydoras Stamatios , Vossou Clio , Koulocheris Dimitrios
Published: August 2020

The mechanical design process considers numerous factors. Requirements related to performance and quality, limitations by legislation, standards, methods utilized or technological boundaries, urgency, cost, data preparation and preservation, design flexibility and organizational aspects. Successful design consists of proper decisions on form, geometry, materials, manufacturing methods, quality, reliability and more. Nowadays, a critical decision during design and realization of technological objects is whether they should be made conventionally or with Additive Manufacturing (AM)/3D Printing methods. Such a decision occurs under time-pressure or via a broader strategy for technological switch, is complex, multi-parametric and bears uncertainty and risk. A simple, effective and substantiated method to assist decisions for switching from conventional to AM could prove very useful. This paper refers to recent trends and activity in international AM-related standards, then presents and discusses preliminary work of the authors for an ad hoc decision method to be used upon specific “go/ no-go” decisions for AM. The method is largely based on the Pareto principle, to limit critical design factors contributing to this decision. All steps of the method towards a final decision are described. The method is demonstrated with a hypothetical, yet realistic example of a short run coolant vessel manufacture.
Electrospun PCL-Surgihoney meshes for skin wound healing applications
Authors: Aslan Enes
Published: August 2020

Skin is a complex and very important tissue, playing a significant protective and regulatory function. It is also prone to a large number of wounds and defects due to external factors such as temperature, chemical agents, and radiation. Accelerating the skin healing process and minimizing the risk of infection is a relevant research challenge. This paper investigates a novel wound dressing based on polycaprolactone (PCL), a synthetic biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, and honey-Surgihoney® (SH). Solution electrospinning was used to produce the wound dressing meshes. Different polymer solutions were prepared by mixing PCL and SH with acetic acid. Human dermal fibroblast were used to assess the biological characteristics of the electrospun meshes. Results show that the presence of SH1 has a positive impact on cell attachment and proliferation.
The influence of chromium as a diffusive additive in the boronizing treatment of AISI 4140 steel on the corrosion resistance of the coating evaluated by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS)
Authors: Zagkliveris Dimitrios I. , Mavropoulos Azarias , Ntovinos Efstathios , Triantafyllidis Georgios K.
Published: August 2020

A large variety of protective coating is being used in industrial applications to improve the resistance of the metallic substrates against corrosion. The pack-cementation method for boronizing and borochromizing is effective to produce extremely hard and corrosion resistant thick coatings and, additionally, is a low-cost and simple technique. In the present study, AISI 4140 steel specimens underwent boronizing and afterwards chromizing by the pack-cementation method using B4C as boron source and Fe-Cr as chromium source, respectively. In both treatments the appropriate activators were used. After chromizing the boronized substrate, a mixed boride phase FeCrB was formed, as it was confirmed by X-ray Diffractometry (XRD). The boronized and the borochromized specimens were subjected to Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). From the analysis of the frequency response of the coating systems (Bode and Nyquist display), the conclusion that the borochromized specimens were significantly more corrosion resistant was extracted. Finally, data of optical and electron microscopy contribute to the validity of the conclusions.
The design of mechatronic system for gel electrophoresis
Authors: Tsagaris Apostolos , Theodoridis Konstantinos , Stergiopoulos Fotis , Bechtsis Dimitrios , Nikolaidis Nikolaos , Triantafyllidis Dimitrios , Papaoikonomou Asterios , Filelis Anastasios
Published: August 2020

The paper present the methodology to design and implement a mechatronic system for gel electrophoresis. It describes the steps towards the development of a prototype and presents its functions. The new automated system is characterized by high precision, small size and relatively low cost, thus achieving the introduction of a significant innovation in the area of medical and laboratory measurements.
A Space-Time POD Basis Interpolation on Grassmann Manifolds for Parametric Simulations of Rigid-Viscoplastic FEM
Authors: Friderikos Orestis , Olive Marc , Baranger Emmanuel , Sagris Dimitrios , David Constantine N.
Published: August 2020

Parametric simulations of thermomechanical metal forming processes still remain computational costly and difficult due to inherent strong non-linearities. To this end, Reduced Order Models (ROMs) are introduced to decrease the computational time in large scale models and provide near-optimal solutions in acceptable times. ROMs based on the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) are usually capable of accurately reproducing the dynamics of high-fidelity FEM simulations and offer the potential for near real-time analysis. However, ROMs are not robust with respect to parameter changes and must often be rebuilt for each parameter variation. This work aims to interpolate ROM POD basis associated with a limited number of training points on Grassmann manifolds, so as to obtain a robust ROM corresponding to a target parameter. A novel Space-Time (ST) POD basis interpolation, where the reduced spatial and time basis are separately interpolated on Grassmann manifolds, is proposed. Good correlations of the ROM ST models with respect to their associated high-fidelity FEM counterpart simulations are found. Hence, application of the ROM adaptation method for near real-time metal forming simulations using off-line computed ROM POD databases can be possible.
Modeling and simulation of the nanosecond pulsed laser engraving process
Authors: Nikolidakis Evangelos , Antoniadis Aristomenis
Published: August 2020

Ιn this paper a 3D finite element simulation model of the nanosecond pulsed laser engraving process will be presented. With this model simulations of laser engraving process will be performed for some widely used materials using a wide range of process parameters in order to estimate the removed material layer thickness at each laser scan over the surface of the workpiece. Determining the removed material layer thickness is an important task because the machine must receive this value as input from the operator to calculate how many passes-layers need to be made in order to achieve the desired final depth of engraving. Since there is no simulation tool for this purpose at this time, the removed material layer thickness is determined through an experimental procedure. However, this procedure is time consuming as it has to be carried out each time separately depending on the process parameters, the material used, etc.
The mechanical performance of 3D printed hierarchical honeycombs using carbon fiber and carbon nanotube reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene filaments
Authors: Mansour Michel Theodor , Tsongas Konstantinos , Tzetzis Dimitris
Published: August 2020

The aim of this paper is to design hierarchical honeycombs as well as manufacturing such structures with a commercial 3D Printer using Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technique. The materials under study are commercial filaments such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene/carbon fibers (ABS/CF) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene/carbon nanotubes (ABS/CNTs). The fabricated hierarchical honeycombs were examined by compression tests in order to evaluate the mechanical behaviour of such honeycomb 3D printed structures. The compression behaviour of the hierarchical honeycombs was assessed also with finite element analysis (FEA) and at the end there was a comparison with the experimental findings. The results reveal that the 2nd order hierarchy presented an increase both in stiffness and strength in comparison with the 0th and the 1st hierarchies which make such designs a suitable for structures require such properties. Also, the results reveal that ABS/carbon fiber constructs outperform the other materials under study.
A microcontroller-based software framework for controlling a mechatronic system
Authors: Nikolaidis Nikolaos , Evgenidis Nikolaos , Bechtsis Dimitrios , Stergiopoulos Fotis , Tsagaris Apostolos , Triantafyllidis Dimitrios , Papaoikonomou Asterios , Filelis Anastasios
Published: August 2020

The proposed software framework is presented and an Application Programming Interface (API) is developed based on the Arduino Mega 2560. The API processes external commands that follow the operational logic of a gel electrophoresis device. The API acts as an intermediary layer between the gel electrophoresis mechatronic system’s microcontroller and the motors’ controllers. The microcontroller enables the basic functionalities of the gel electrophoresis system while the use of 2 axis (X, Z) motor controllers is necessary for controlling the moving parts of the mechatronic system. We control the movement’s direction, position, speed, and acceleration. The developed API controls the stepper motors drive axles and the DC motors for opening and closing the drawers and other moving parts of the mechatronic system.
Steady-state heat transfer in microcracked media
Authors: Rangasamy Mahendren Sharan Raj , Welemane Hélène , Dalverny Olivier , Tongne Amèvi
Published: August 2020

Material behaviour is often affected by the heterogeneities existing at the microscopic level. Especially the presence of cracks, voids, etc collectively known as defects, can play a major role in their overall response. Homogenization can be used to study the influence of these heterogeneities and also to estimate the effective properties of a given material. Several research works have been dedicated to determining the elastic behaviour of microcracked media. Yet, thermal properties are not investigated as much. Moreover, the question of unilateral effect (opening/closing of cracks) still remains an important issue. So, this paper aims to provide the effective thermal conductivity of 2D microcracked media with arbitrarily orientated cracks, either open or closed. With the help of Eshelby-like approach, homogenization schemes (dilute and Mori-Tanaka) and bounds (Ponte Castañeda-Willis) are developed to provide the closed-form expressions. In addition, these results are compared to numerical simulations performed based on finite element modelling.
Aktuelle Übersicht: multifokale Linsen und Extended-Depth-of-Focus-Intraokularlinsen
Authors: Breyer Detlev R. H. , Beckers Lena , Ax Timon , Kaymak Hakan , Klabe Karsten , Kretz Florian Tobias Alwin
Published: August 2020

Das Bedürfnis von Presbyopie- und Kataraktpatienten nach einer erhöhten postoperativen Brillenunabhängigkeit ist einer der Hauptgründe für die Entwicklung multifokaler Intraokularlinsen (MIOL) und erweiterter Tiefenschärfe (EDOF) bei intraokularen Linsen (IOL). Da sich in den letzten 10 Jahren die Bereiche Ausbildung, Biometrie, Diagnostik, chirurgische Techniken und MIOL-/EDOF-IOL-Designs verbessert haben, sind immer mehr Kataraktchirurgen zu Katarakt- und Refraktivchirurgen geworden, um diesen Anforderungen gerecht zu werden. Es gibt jedoch keine einzige MIOL/EDOF-IOL, die für alle Patienten geeignet ist. Die große Vielfalt an MIOL und EDOF-IOL, ihrer Optiken und ihr jeweiliger Einfluss auf die Sehqualität unserer Patienten müssen verstanden werden, um die geeignete IOL für jedes Individuum passend auszuwählen. MIOL-/EDOF-IOL-Chirurgie muss individuell geplant werden. Dieser Review untersucht die verschiedenen optischen Aspekte und klinischen Konsequenzen von
MIOL/EDOF-IOL, um Chirurgen bei der Suche nach geeigneten Lösungen für jeden einzelnen Patienten zu unterstützen.
US-Guided Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: A 5-Year High-Volume Center Experience
Authors: D’Onofrio Mirko , Beleù Alessandro , Sarno Alessandro , De Robertis Riccardo , Paiella Salvatore , Viviani Elena , Frigerio Isabella , Girelli Roberto , Salvia Roberto , Bassi Claudio
Published: August 2020

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) of the pancreatic body by assessing the overall survival of patients and evaluating the effects of the procedure in the clinical and radiological follow-up.

Materials and Methods Patients with unresectable LAPC after failed chemoradiotherapy for at least six months were retrospectively included. Percutaneous RFA was performed after a preliminary ultrasound (US) feasibility evaluation. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and CA 19.9 sampling were performed before and 24 hours and 30 days after the procedure to evaluate the effects of the ablation. Patients were followed-up after discharge considering the two main endpoints: procedure-related complications and death.

Results 35 patients were included, 5 were excluded. All patients underwent RFA with no procedure-related complications reported. The mean size of tumors was 49 mm before treatment. The mean dimension of the ablated necrotic zone was 32 mm, with a mean extension of 65 % compared to the whole tumor size. Tumor density was statistically reduced one day after the procedure (p < 0.001). The mean CA 19.9 levels before and 24 hours and 30 days after the procedure were 285.8 U/mL, 635.2 U/mL, and 336.0 U/mL, respectively, with a decrease or stability at the 30-day evaluation in 80 % of cases. The mean survival was 310 (65–718) days.

Conclusion Percutaneous RFA of LAPC is a feasible technique in patients who cannot undergo surgery, with great debulking effects and a very low complication rate.
Konsenserfahrung von International Uveitis Study Group, Intraocular Inflammation Society und Foster Ocular Inflammation Society zur Uveitis in der Zeit der COVID-19-Infektion
Authors: Zierhut Manfred , de Marc D.Smet , Gupta Vishali , Pavesio Carlos , Nguyen Quan Dong , Chee Soon-Phaik , Agarwal Rupesh
Published: August 2020

Dieses Dokument fasst die Erfahrungen der International Uveitis Study Group (IUSG), der Intraocular Inflammation Society (IOIS) und der Foster Ocular Inflammation Society (FOIS) zusammen und kann als Leitfaden für die Behandlung von Uveitispatienten im Zeitalter der COVID-19-Pandemie dienen.
Pregnancy Outcomes Following Letrozole Use in Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer Cycles: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Dongjia , Shen Xiaoting , Fu Yu , Ding Chenhui , Zhong Yiping , Zhou Canquan
Published: August 2020

While widely used for ovulation induction in assisted reproductive technology, the clinical efficacy of letrozole for endometrial preparation prior to frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles remains yet to be elucidated. We performed a meta-analysis to compare pregnancy outcomes after letrozole use with those of other endometrial preparation protocols in patients undergoing FET. PubMed, Scopus, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched for eligible studies. Clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), live birth rate (LBR) and birth defect rate (BDR) were analysed using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 10 studies representing 75 968 FET cycles were included. Comparable CPR and LBR were observed when comparing letrozole administration with natural cycle (OR 1.24, 95% CI: 0.69 – 2.24; OR 1.18, 95% CI: 0.60 – 2.32), artificial cycle (OR 1.46, 95% CI: 0.87 – 2.44; OR 1.39, 95% CI: 0.77 – 2.52), and artificial cycle with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist suppression (OR 1.11, 95% CI: 0.78 – 1.59; OR 1.18, 95% CI: 0.82 – 1.68). Pooled results of the limited studies comparing letrozole with human menopausal gonadotropin demonstrated a similar CPR between groups (OR 1.46, 95% CI: 0.29 – 7.21, two studies), but the letrozole group had a statistically lower LBR (OR 0.67, 95% CI: 0.52 – 0.86, one study). No increased BDR was observed in the letrozole group compared to natural cycles or artificial cycles (OR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.60 – 1.61; OR 1.39, 95% CI; 0.84 – 2.28). This pooled analysis supports the use of letrozole as an efficacious and safe alternative to mainstream regimens for endometrial preparation in FET cycles.
Sociodemographic Differences in Health Awareness and Oral Health in Pregnant Women
Authors: Kühle Anna-Maria , Wacker Jürgen
Published: August 2020

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the present oral health status of pregnant women depending on selected sociodemographic differences and deduce any resulting consequences for health prevention.

Methods The participantsʼ data of relevance to the study such as age, school leaving qualification, migration background, smoking habits or last dentist visit were recorded using a questionnaire. The subsequent dental check-up concentrated on open carious lesions, any initiated root canal treatments and missing teeth. Finally, the Periodontal Screening Index was recorded to diagnose the presence of any gingivitis or periodontitis. The subsequent biometric evaluation comprised descriptive data analysis, χ2 test and logistical regression.

Results The higher the school leaving qualification, the lower the probability that a pregnant woman smoked prior to pregnancy (OR 0.291; 95% CI 0.114 – 0.743) and that tartar was diagnosed (OR 0.424; 95% CI 0.185 – 0.973). Regular dentist visits (OR 4.026; 95% CI 1.613 – 10.049) increase with the attained school leaving qualification. There is a greater chance that women born in Germany taking part in the study were aware of dental risks in pregnancy (OR 2.652; 95% CI 1.285 – 5.472) and attended the dentist during pregnancy (OR 2.507; 95% CI 1.281 – 4.907).

Conclusion The rate of awareness of the risks and consequences of pregnancy for oral health must be increased. The main aim for primary prophylaxis should be a reduction in the periodontal bacteria and caries of the mother and father.
COVID-19 During Pregnancy and Puerperium – A Review by the Austrian Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (OEGGG)
Authors: Klaritsch Philipp , Ciresa-König Alexandra , Pristauz-Telsnigg Gunda ,   on behalf of the board of the OEGGG
Published: August 2020

After the first case of COVID-19 pneumonia was reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019, the infection quickly spread to the rest of China and then to the wider world. The available information on pregnant women infected with COVID-19 is now significantly greater. There are now several case series and systematic reviews of cohorts, some of which include more than 100 cases. This review evaluates the scientific literature available until May 1, 2020 and discusses common questions about COVID-19 in the context of pregnancy and the postpartum period.
Diagnosis and management of iatrogenic endoscopic perforations: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Position Statement – Update 2020
Authors: Paspatis Gregorios A. , Arvanitakis Marianna , Dumonceau Jean-Marc , Barthet Marc , Saunders Brian , Turino Stine Ydegaard , Dhillon Angad , Fragaki Maria , Gonzalez Jean-Michel , Repici Alessandro , van Wanrooij Roy L.J. , van Hooft Jeanin E.
Published: August 2020

Summary of Recommendations

1 ESGE recommends that each center implements a written policy regarding the management of iatrogenic perforations, including the definition of procedures that carry a higher risk of this complication. This policy should be shared with the radiologists and surgeons at each center.

2 ESGE recommends that in the case of an endoscopically identified perforation, the endoscopist reports its size and location, with an image, and statement of the endoscopic treatment that has been applied.

3 ESGE recommends that symptoms or signs suggestive of iatrogenic perforation after an endoscopic procedure should be rapidly and carefully evaluated and documented with a computed tomography (CT) scan.

4 ESGE recommends that endoscopic closure should be considered depending on the type of the iatrogenic perforation, its size, and the endoscopist expertise available at the center. Switch to carbon dioxide (CO2) endoscopic insufflation, diversion of digestive luminal content, and decompression of tension pneumoperitoneum or pneumothorax should also be performed.

5 ESGE recommends that after endoscopic closure of an iatrogenic perforation, further management should be based on the estimated success of the endoscopic closure and on the general clinical condition of the patient. In the case of no or failed endoscopic closure of an iatrogenic perforation, and in patients whose clinical condition is deteriorating, hospitalization and surgical consultation are recommended.
Endovascular Management of Pancreatitis-Related Hemorrhage: Single-Center Experience
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Singh Jagadeesh R. , Kumar Mahesh T. , Nagbhushan K.N. , Reddy Nageshwar D. , Rao G.V.
Published: August 2020

Purpose The main purpose of this article is to assess the outcomes of endovascular management of pancreatitis-related hemorrhage.

Materials and Methods Retrospective analysis of patients referred for endovascular management of pancreatitis-related bleeding from January 2010 to December 2017 was performed. Patients’ demographics, clinical presentation, etiology, laboratory findings, angiography findings, details of the endovascular procedure, technical outcome, clinical outcome, and complications were assessed.

Results One hundred and five patients with a mean age of 37 years were included in this study. Splenic artery (41.7%) was the most commonly involved vessel. Middle colic, left colic, superior mesenteric, jejunal, left inferior phrenic, and left renal subcapsular arteries were the less commonly involved vessels. Embolization was performed using coils in 72 (68.5%) patients, n-butyl cyanoacrylate (n-BCA) in 21 (20%) patients, both coil and n-BCA in 8 (7.6%) patients, and 4 (3.8%) patients underwent stent graft placement. Technical success was achieved in 98% (n = 103) and clinical success in 93.2% (n = 96) of patients. Rebleeding was seen in 6.8% (n = 7) of patients. Six patients with rebleeding were managed by reintervention. Four patients had rebleeding from the same vessel, and two patients had rebleeding from a different vessel. One patient died due to massive rebleeding. Minor complications were seen in 14.2% (n = 15), major complications were seen in 3.8% (n = 4), and mortality rate was 0.9% (n = 1).

Conclusion Endovascular treatment is effective in the management of pancreatitis-related bleeding and is associated with low rebleeding rate and low mortality rate.
Evaluation of Predictive Models for Complications following Spinal Surgery
Authors: Dietz Nicholas , Sharma Mayur , Alhourani Ahmad , Ugiliweneza Beatrice , Wang Dengzhi , Drazin Doniel , Boakye Max
Published: August 2020

Background Complications rates vary across spinal surgery procedures and are difficult to predict due to heterogeneity in patient characteristics, surgical methods, and hospital volume. Incorporation of predictive models for complications may guide surgeon decision making and improve outcomes.

Methods We evaluate current independently validated predictive models for complications in spinal surgery with respect to study design and model generation, accuracy, reliability, and utility. We conducted our search using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines and the Participants, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, Study Design model through the PubMed and Ovid Medline databases.

Results A total of 18 articles met inclusion criteria including 30 validated predictive models of complications after adult spinal surgery. National registry databases were used in 12 studies. Validation cohorts were used in seven studies for verification; three studies used other methods including random sample bootstrapping techniques or cross-validation. Reported area under the curve (AUC) values ranged from 0.37 to 1.0. Studies described treatment for deformity, degenerative conditions, inclusive spinal surgery (neoplasm, trauma, infection, deformity, degenerative), and miscellaneous (disk herniation, spinal epidural abscess). The most commonly cited risk factors for complications included in predictive models included age, body mass index, diabetes, sex, and smoking. Those models in the deformity subset that included radiographic and anatomical grading features reported higher AUC values than those that included patient demographics or medical comorbidities alone.

Conclusions We identified a cohort of 30 validated predictive models of complications following spinal surgery for degenerative conditions, deformity, infection, and trauma. Accurate evidence-based predictive models may enhance shared decision making, improve rehabilitation, reduce adverse events, and inform best practices.
Anterior Clinoid Metastasis as First Presentation of a Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma: An Intriguing Diagnosis
Authors: d'Avella Elena , Guadagno Elia , Ugga Lorenzo , Solari Domenico , Cavallo Luigi Maria
Published: August 2020

Background We report an extremely unusual case of anterior clinoid process (ACP) metastasis as the first presentation of a signet ring cell carcinoma.

Case Description A 54-year-old female patient presented with right-sided visual disturbances due to optic nerve compression from a computed tomography (CT)-identified right anterior clinoid bone lesion. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed an extra-axial, well-bordered enhancing mass extending from the right ACP toward the inner lumen of the optic canal. Pterional approach was adopted to remove the lesion and decompress the optic canal. Histological examination demonstrated a metastasis from a signet ring cell carcinoma. Postoperative CT showed near-total resection of the tumor and decompression of the optic canal. Visual defect remained unchanged.

Conclusion Metastasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the ACP lesions. The early suspicion and identification of this extremely rare pathological entity can be helpful for the prompt management of patients, especially in the absence of any other signs of oncological diseases.