bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chinese SMEs in Industry 4.0
Authors: Shi Hu , Iqbal Qaisar
Published: March 2020

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role in the economic development of the People's Republic of China. SMEs contribute to the total of 60% gross domestic product (GDP) and 80% employment. Chinese SMEs contribute to the more than 50% of the country tax. In 2015, China released the Made-in-China 2025 plan to response to the German Industry 4.0, which focuses on knowledge-, innovation-, and quality-intensive manufacturing for cutting-edge technology, new materials, key parts of major products. The chapter aims to explore the challenges and opportunities faced by SMEs in China in the context of Industry 4.0 and Made-in-China 2025. This chapter has used SWOT analysis to explore the challenges and opportunities of Chinese SMEs. Presently, SMEs are facing limited credit facilities, low innovative human capital, sustainable performance as a challenge, and ineffective performance appraisal. This chapter has presented as internationalization, coastal outsourcing, rising middle-class (high consumption), ‘one belt, one road' opportunities for SMEs in Industry 4.0 context.
Creating a Peaceful World
Authors: Aksu Mualla Bilgin
Published: March 2020

Although peace is one of the foundations of prosperity, even in the 21st century, people in some countries still have to live in conflict. Is it possible to live individually in peace in such a world? This chapter focuses on drawing attention to the vital importance of living peacefully in the world and to discuss on the desire for peace. Firstly, the meaning of peace is reviewed in this chapter. Then, the difference between positive and negative peace is expressed, and the importance of having positive peace is emphasized. Secondly, the need of a peaceful life is discussed. Afterwards, the difference between “peace education” and “education for peace” is examined and integration of these two types of education is suggested. In the context of building a culture of peace, potential contributions of peace museums for world peace are mentioned, and peace-related metaphors of pre-service teachers are also specified. Finally, the author asserts that there is still hope for a peaceful world although there are no indications yet.
Multicultural Structure of Schools and Intercultural Education
Authors: Polat Soner
Published: March 2020

Multiculturalism and interculturalism have become important in recent years together with development in technology and transportation. These two concepts affect many different organizations in daily life, and educational organizations are among them. While multiculturalism and interculturalism have become so important, it is important to understand them in terms of educational organizations. Thus, this chapter aims to analyse the concept of culture, multiculturalism, intercultural education, and peace education. At the end of the chapter, the author suggests a new model for diversity.
Restorative Instructional Practices
Authors: Revell Mike D.
Published: March 2020

Recently a randomized study over two years within a large urban school system has confirmed that restorative practices can positively impact classroom and schoolwide socio-emotional attainments, as evidenced by reduced school suspensions and increased attendance. However, many of the teachers surveyed in this study overwhelmingly reported that having a “lack of time” was the biggest constraint to developing community through restorative practices as this “time” was considered distinctly separate from the “time” needed to deliver instruction. This perceived dichotomy revealed that restorative practices existed as a competing opposite to the design, delivery, and development of academic instruction, as the current routine of planning, preparing, organizing, and executing restorative practices happens either “TO” or “FOR” rather than “THROUGH” core academic content and “WITH” instructional delivery practices.
Computational Thinking and Robotics
Authors: Munn Carol
Published: March 2020

This chapter explores a unique framework that expresses freshness and innovation within revolutionary learning experiences. The chapter focuses on the implementation of computational thinking skills as an essential element of a robotics education program that was driven by hands-on activities instilling the notion of imagination through innovative projects. Engineering design applications with robotics created an atmosphere in which students applied abstract mathematics and science concepts. The robot and its technology imploding in the field of education created excitement in the minds of students with renewed, revitalized interest, and curiosity stretching across the areas of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Robotics education along with computational thinking skills are primary keys for unlocking the unlimited creative and innovative potential with engaging hands-on activities. Robots, a fascinating learning instrument, rejuvenate, animate, and revive 21st century skills in tech-savvy language familiar with today's students.
Kindness Makes a Difference
Authors: Silton Nava R. , Riley Patrick , Anzovino Amanda
Published: March 2020

High quality interventions, which employ an extended contact model, wherein stories, roleplaying, and other appealing informational media are used to promote more positive intergroup attitudes, tend to be effective at enhancing the attitudes, intentions, and interests of typical children toward their peers with differences. The following four studies assess the efficacy of The Realabilities comic book series and the Addy & Uno off-Broadway musical, which promote kindness, empathy, and a stop-bullying platform while teaching about disabilities and/or mental health disorders. The studies include 1) a qualitative study of 19 fourth grade students from an elementary school in Paramus, NJ, who viewed the Addy & Uno off-Broadway musical and participated in the full Realabilities educational comic book series intervention; 2) a qualitative study of 20 high school students with diverse disabilities, who participated in the full Realabilities comic book series intervention; 3) a quantitative study of 76 students from a high school in Long Island City, NY, who read the first mental health-based Realabilities comic book; and finally, 4) a quantitative study of 66 students from a high school in Long Island City, NY, who read the first and second mental-health based Realabilities comics. The researchers used a coding system to find principal themes in the qualitative data and used modified versions of the adjective checklist (ACL) and shared activities questionnaire (SAQ), along with a knowledge measure, to assess quantitative changes from pre to post-testing of the comic book series. Study findings help support the efficacy of an extended contact model and suggest that programs like these may serve as useful antidotes to counter negative attitudes of children and adolescents towards disabilities and mental health disorders, respectively.
Interactive Digital Videos and Their Impact on Sixth Graders' English Reading and Vocabulary Skills and Retention
Authors: Kuhail Ashraf Ahmed , Aqel Magdy Saeed
Published: March 2020

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of using interactive digital videos on developing sixth graders' English reading skills and vocabulary learning and its retention. To achieve this aim, the researcher adopted the experimental approach and recruited a sample of 82 6th grade EFL male learners. The researcher used 5 instruments to collect data: 1) A content analysis card of 24 items for the reading comprehension texts of English for Palestine 6B, Holsti's equation was used to count the reliability of the analysis; 2) A checklist for teachers to determine the most important reading comprehension skills; 3) A pre and post reading comprehension test; 4) A pre and post vocabulary test; 5) A delayed vocabulary retention test held after two weeks of the post vocabulary rest. The study results revealed that IDVs were effective in developing reading comprehension, and in learning and retaining vocabulary.
Technological Approaches for E-Content Development and Deployment
Authors: Jain Rakshak , Singh Akhilesh K.
Published: March 2020

Success of any web product and application relies upon how thoughtfully and wisely technology has been implemented for developing and deploying that product – be it e-commerce product or e-learning product. Alongside pedagogy, application of appropriate technology is the important determinant for an effective and engrossing learning experience of any e-content or e-learning system. To understand the proper utilization of IT strategies for e-content development, the qualitative method of research has been used in this study by which content analysis has been done on the interviewed data, gathered from the IT professionals, with the help of Atlas.Ti software. The findings of this study suggest how web technology can be deployed for e-content in the five identified stages, namely – programming language, web application framework, presentation/design, content creation and server-side technology including cloud storage. For this, a comprehensive technical guideline along framework for e-content development and deployment has been formulated.
A Comparative Study of Different Classification Techniques for Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Ghosh Soumadip , Hazra Arnab , Raj Abhishek
Published: March 2020

Sentiment analysis denotes the analysis of emotions and opinions from text. The authors also refer to sentiment analysis as opinion mining. It finds and justifies the sentiment of the person with respect to a given source of content. Social media contain vast amounts of the sentiment data in the form of product reviews, tweets, blogs, and updates on the statuses, posts, etc. Sentiment analysis of this largely generated data is very useful to express the opinion of the mass in terms of product reviews. This work is proposing a highly accurate model of sentiment analysis for reviews of products, movies, and restaurants from Amazon, IMDB, and Yelp, respectively. With the help of classifiers such as logistic regression, support vector machine, and decision tree, the authors can classify these reviews as positive or negative with higher accuracy values.
Health information needs and information seeking behavior of pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Jaffna Teaching Hospital
Authors: Murugathas K. , Sritharan T. , Santharooban S.
Published: March 2020

Pregnant women face many challenges during the pregnancy period. They need quality, reliable and easily accessible information in order to face the challenges. The aim of this study was to identify the information needs and information-seeking behaviour of pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Jaffna teaching hospital. The descriptive survey research strategy was used in the study. The data was collected by using intervieweradministered questionnaire. A sample of four hundred pregnant women was selected from the pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Jaffna teaching hospital using a systematic sampling technique. Collected data from the questionnaires were analyzed using quantitative techniques in SPSS software. Correspondence analysis was performed to find out the association between the information sources that pregnant mothers used and other study variables. Majority of the pregnant women (61%) searched for information either always or often. Family members and friends were the main sources of information used by the greatest number of pregnant women (63%). It was followed by public health midwives (61%) and doctors (49%). Internet was also identified as one of the sources of information used by 29% of the participants. Participants showed less interest in mass media, books and journals. The most needed types of information were pregnancy complications (55.8%), delivery complications (54%), methods of child delivery (52%) and special tests required during pregnancy (48%). The least important type of information was exercise during pregnancy. Unavailability of information was the most restricting barrier in accessing information.
A Critical Role of Formyl Peptide Receptors in Host Defense against Escherichia coli
Authors: Zhang Meihua , Gao Ji-Liang , Chen Keqiang , Yoshimura Teizo , Liang Weiwei , Gong Wanghua , Li Xiaoqing , Huang Jiaqiang , McDermott David H. , Murphy Philip M. , Wang Xietong , Wang Ji Ming
Published: March 2020

Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs, mouse Fprs) belong to the G protein–coupled receptor superfamily and mediate phagocyte migration in response to bacteria- and host-derived chemoattractants; however, knowledge about their in vivo roles in bacterial pathogenesis is limited. In this study, we investigated the role of Fpr1 and Fpr2 in host defense against Escherichia coli infection. In vitro, we found that supernatants from E. coli cultures induced chemotaxis of wild-type (WT) mouse bone marrow–derived neutrophils and that the activity was significantly reduced in cells genetically deficient in either Fpr1 or Fpr2 and was almost absent in cells lacking both receptors. Consistent with this, E. coli supernatants induced chemotaxis and MAPK phosphorylation in HEK293 cells expressing either recombinant Fpr1 or Fpr2 but not untransfected parental cells. WT bone marrow –derived neutrophils could actively phagocytose and kill E. coli, whereas both activities were diminished in cells lacking Fpr1 or Fpr2; again, an additive effect was observed in cells lacking both receptors. In vivo, Fpr1 and Fpr2 deficiency resulted in reduced recruitment of neutrophils in the liver and peritoneal cavity of mice infected with inactivated E. coli. Moreover, Fpr1−/− and Fpr2−/− mice had significantly increased mortality compared with WT mice after i.p. challenge with a virulent E. coli clinical isolate. These results indicate a critical role of Fprs in host defense against E. coli infection.
Metformin Enhances the Antitumor Activity of CD8+ T Lymphocytes via the AMPK–miR-107–Eomes–PD-1 Pathway
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Li Feng , Tian Yonggui , Cao Ling , Gao Qun , Zhang Chaoqi , Zhang Kai , Shen Chunyi , Ping Yu , Maimela Nomathamsanqa Resegofetse , Wang Liping , Zhang Bin , Zhang Yi
Published: March 2020

Metformin has been studied for its anticancer effects by regulating T cell functions. However, the mechanisms through which metformin stimulates the differentiation of memory T cells remain unclear. We found that the frequencies of memory stem and central memory T cells increased for both in peripheral and tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells in metformin-treated lung cancer patients compared with those not taking the medication. An in vitro assay showed that metformin promoted the formation of memory CD8+ T cells and enhanced their antiapoptotic abilities. In addition, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation decreased microRNA-107 expression, thus enhancing Eomesodermin expression, which suppressed the transcription of PDCD1 in metformin-treated CD8+ T cells. In the CAR-T cell therapy model, metformin also exhibited cytotoxicity-promoting effects that led to decreased tumor growth. Metformin could reprogram the differentiation of CD8+ T cells, which may benefit the clinical therapy of cancer patients by facilitating long-lasting cytotoxic functions.
Microcosm on a bottle: experimental tests on the colonization of plastic and glass substrates in a retention reservoir
Authors: Mieczan Tomasz
Published: March 2020

The last few decades have seen a dramatic increase in water pollution due to various types of waste generated by human activity. These include plastic and glass accumulating in the shore area of lakes and oceans. These substrates may be colonized by various groups of aquatic organisms. Little is known of the trophic interrelationships between micro- and macroorganisms colonizing plastic (PB) and glass bottles (GB). Therefore, the main objective of the present study was to determine the taxonomic composition and abundance of micro- and macroorganisms colonizing artificial, anthropogenic substrates, the trophic relationships between the organisms colonizing these substrates, and the influence of the physicochemical properties of the water on the formation of such assemblages. Studies of micro- and macroorganisms were carried out on the surface of PB and GB in a eutrophic retention basin. Both the species richness and abundance of microorganisms and metazoa were found to be determined by the type of substrate colonized as well as by the physicochemical properties of the water (primarily the content of total organic carbon and biogenic compounds). Furthermore, the trophic structure of microbial assemblages demonstrated seasonal variability. In spring, the substrates were colonized by typical bacterivorous ciliates, whereas in the following seasons there was a larger share of omnivorous species (ciliates and rotifers). This may indicate that the accumulation of various types of anthropogenic waste, in the present case GB and PB, may contribute to changes in the matter and energy cycle, including the carbon cycle, in various microhabitats of aquatic ecosystems.
Concussion-Prevention Strategies Used in National Collegiate Athletic Association Divisions I and II Women's Soccer
Authors: Jeffries Kori K. , Girouard Tedd J. , Tandy Richard D. , Radzak Kara N.
Published: March 2020

Context

Whereas much attention has been paid to identifying mechanisms for decreasing concussion rates in women's soccer players, which strategies are currently being used is unknown. In addition, athletic trainers' (ATs') knowledge and beliefs about the efficacy of concussion-prevention practices have not been studied.

Objectives

To evaluate the concussion-prevention strategies being used in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I and Division II women's soccer and identify the beliefs of certified ATs regarding mechanisms for preventing concussion.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Online survey.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 223 women's soccer team ATs employed at Division I or II universities.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

A survey instrument of structured questions and open-ended, follow-up questions was developed to identify the use of cervical-strengthening programs, headgear, and other techniques for preventing concussion. Questions also addressed ATs' beliefs regarding the effectiveness of cervical strengthening, headgear, and mouthguards in concussion prevention. Data were collected via questionnaire in Qualtrics survey software. Descriptive statistics of frequencies and percentages were calculated for close-ended questions. Open-ended questions were evaluated for common themes, which were then reported by response frequency.

Results

Cervical strengthening or stability for concussion prevention was reported by 38 (17.12%) respondents; 153 (69.86%) ATs believed that cervical strengthening would aid in concussion prevention. Seventy-eight (35.49%) reported that their players wore headgear. Nineteen (8.76%) believed that soccer headgear prevented concussions; 45 (20.74%) believed that mouthguards prevented concussions. Education in proper soccer technique was reported by 151 (69.59%) respondents. Fourteen (0.06%) respondents cited nutritional strategies for concussion prevention.

Conclusions

Although ATs believed that cervical strengthening could help prevent concussions, few had implemented this strategy. However, the ATs whose teams used headgear outnumbered those who believed that headgear was an effective prevention strategy. Based on our findings, we saw a disconnect among the current use of concussion-prevention strategies, ATs' beliefs, and the available evidence.
Balance Markers and Saccadic Eye-Movement Measures in Adolescents With Postconcussion Syndrome
Authors: Rochefort Coralie , Legace Elizabeth , Boulay Chadwick , Macartney Gail , Goulet Kristian , Zemek Roger , Sveistrup Heidi
Published: March 2020

Context

Deficits in both balance and oculomotor function, including impairments in saccadic eye movements, are observed in approximately 30% of patients postconcussion. Whereas balance and saccadic eye movements are routinely assessed separately, growing evidence suggests that they should be assessed concurrently.

Objective

To compare balance measures and saccades between adolescents 1 to 3 months postconcussion and healthy uninjured adolescents.

Design

Case-control study.

Setting

Concussion clinic and 2 private schools.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty-five adolescents (10 boys, 15 girls; median [interquartile range (IQR)] age = 14 years [11.5–16 years]) between 1 and 3 months postconcussion (median [IQR] time since injury = 39.5 days [30–56.75 days]) and 33 uninjured adolescents (18 boys, 15 girls; median [IQR] age = 13 years [11.5–14 years]).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The center-of-pressure 95% ellipse area and medial-lateral and anterior-posterior velocity and the number of saccades in the dual-task balance conditions including a high cognitive load (cognitive condition), a low cognitive load and a gaze-shifting component (visual condition) or both a high cognitive load and a gaze-shifting component (combined condition).

Results

Concussion-group participants swayed over larger center-of-pressure ellipse areas in the visual (P = .02; effect size = 0.73) and combined (P = .005; effect size = 0.86) conditions but not in the cognitive condition (P = .07; effect size = 0.50). No group differences were identified for anterior-posterior (F1,56 = 2.57, P = .12) or medial-lateral (F1,56 = 0.157, P = .69) velocity. Concussion-group participants also did not perform more saccades than the control-group participants (F1,56 = 2.04, P = .16).

Conclusions

Performing dual-task balance conditions for which the secondary task involved a gaze-shifting component or both a gaze-shifting component and a high cognitive load resulted in greater sway amplitude in adolescents with concussion. However, these larger amounts of postural sway were not associated with increased saccadic eye movements.
Retrospective analysis of risk factors of hypotensive bradycardic events during shoulder arthroscopic surgery under interscalene blockade in the sitting position
Authors: Ryu Taeha , Kim Baek Jin , Woo Seong Jun , Lee So Young , Lim Jung A , Kwak Sang Gyu , Roh Woon Seok
Published: March 2020

Background: Hypotensive bradycardic events (HBEs) are a frequent adverse event in patients who underwent shoulder arthroscopic surgery under interscalene block (ISB) in the sitting position. This retrospective study was conducted to investigate the independent risk factors of HBEs in shoulder arthroscopic surgery under ISB in the sitting position. Methods: A total of 2549 patients who underwent shoulder arthroscopic surgery under ISB and had complete clinical data were included in the study. The 357 patients who developed HBEs were included in the HBEs group, and the remaining 2192 in the non-HBEs group. The potential risk factors for HBEs, such as age, sex, past medical history, anesthetic characteristics, and intraoperative medications were collected and compared between the groups. Statistically significant variables were included in a logistic regression model to further evaluate the independent risk factors for HBEs in shoulder arthroscopic surgery under ISB. Results: The incidence of HBEs was 14.0% (357/2549). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the intraoperative use of hydralazine (odds ratio [OR] 4.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.9–6.3), propofol (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.3–3.6), and dexmedetomidine (OR 3.9; 95% CI 1.9–7.8) before HBEs were independent risk factors for HBEs in patients who received shoulder arthroscopic surgery under ISB. Conclusions: The intraoperative use of antihypertensives such as hydralazine and sedatives such as propofol or dexmedetomidine leads to increased risk of HBEs during shoulder arthroscopic surgery under ISB in the sitting position.
Efficiency of electroflocculation in the treatment of water contaminated by organic waste
Authors: Andrade Aline Nunes , Blasques Rodrigo Vieira , Villis Paulo Cesar Mendes , Silva Darlan Ferreira , Gomes Wolia Costa
Published: March 2020

Population growth has led to occupation and housing near rivers and lakes. This contributes to the increase of water pollution. The industrial laundry sector, for example, consumes a large quantity for its processes and pollutes water bodies due to the improper disposal of its effluents which contain numerous harmful compounds. This study employed electroflocculation in effluent treatment and evaluated its efficiency by analyzing turbidity, chemical oxygen demand, and pH levels. It used aluminum and zinc plates as sacrificial electrodes and principal component analysis (PCA) as a statistical tool. A maximum electroflocculation time of 40 min was utilized in order to obtain efficient results from the study. The experiment showed significant improvement in the water quality in the physicochemical aspects, primarily concerning the reduction of organic matter in the effluent. The efficiency of this treatment increased with higher current; however, both the aluminum and zinc plates reacted differently to pH, COD, and turbidity. Two principal components were generated to explain 86.90% of the data variance in the experiment. The principal component analysis indicated that the aluminum electrode showed the best correlation (|>0.5|) for pH, COD, and turbidity in the effluent treatment.
О функциональной независимости дзета-функций
некоторых параболических форм
Authors: Laurinčikas Antanas
Published: March 2020

Дзета-функция $\zeta(s,F)$, $s=\sigma+it$, параболической
формы $F$ веса $\kappa$ в полуплоскости $\sigma>(\kappa+1)/2$
определяется рядом Дирихле, коэффициентами которого являются
коэффициенты ряда Фурье формы $F$. Рассматриваются композиции
$V(\zeta(s,F))$ с оператором $V$ в пространстве аналитических
функций, и доказывается функциональная независимость этих
композиций для некоторых классов операторов $V$.
Библиография: 15 названий.
Interfaces de gênero, infância e educação infantil na pós-graduação em educação brasileira (1996 a 2015)
Authors: Santos Sandro Vinicius Sales dos
Published: March 2020

Neste artigo, propôs-se uma revisão das teses e das dissertações defendidas entre 1996 e 2015 nos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação no Brasil e que consideraram as crianças interlocutoras em pesquisas sobre relações de gênero. O objetivo consistiu em analisar a produção acadêmica brasileira do campo da Educação com vistas a compreender as especificidades das investigações sobre gênero, infância e Educação Infantil, a partir da leitura de teses e de dissertações defendidas no período mencionado. O corpus de análise compreendeu cinco teses e 24 dissertações agrupadas nas categorias: pedagogias de gênero produzidas por adultos para as crianças; relações de gênero entre as crianças; e falta de traquejo dos adultos frente às relações de gênero vivenciadas pelas crianças. A análise destacou as principais correntes teórico-metodológicas presentes na investigação sobre a temática, ressaltou as aproximações e os distanciamentos na produção acadêmica e evidenciou a constituição recente de um campo de pesquisas na Pós-Graduação brasileira.
PERCEPCIÓN SUBJETIVA DEL ESPACIO EN DEPORTISTAS SELECCIONADOS DE LAS UNIVERSIDADES TRADICIONALES DE LA REGIÓN DE VALPARAISO, CHILE
Authors: Paez Herrera Jacqueline
Published: March 2020

La Percepción Subjetiva de Espacio (PSE), ha sido considerada como una de las capacidades determinantes en elrendimiento deportivo, que se ve reflejada, en un desarrollo del juego más rápido y preciso en un ambiente de grandesniveles de incertidumbre temporal y espacial. Es por esto que esta investigación tiene como fin conocer el nivel de PSE endos situaciones diferentes, en deportistas seleccionados universitarios de la V Región. La investigación es de tipodescriptiva, con un paradigma empírico-analítico. La población fue constituida por N= 130 deportistas (n= 48 damas y n=82 varones). Para determinar la variable dependiente se utilizó el test PSE, con una modalidad de distancia fija y distanciaa determinar. Los principales resultados una vez aplicada la prueba t student indican que: a) no existen diferenciassignificativas en los deportistas universitarios en los desempeños del test PSE-1 y PSE-2. b) en el TPSE-2 en relación a lacomparación de sexos existen diferencias significativas (p <0.05)
AMPK: ESTRUCTURA, ROL FISIOLÓGICO, REGULACIÓN Y ACCIÓN EN ALTERACIONES METABÓLICAS
Authors: Rojas Morales Eduardo , Yuing Farias Tuillang , Ruiz-Tagle Idiáquez Felipe , Gonzalez Fuentes Patricio , Zelada Varas Felipe
Published: March 2020

La AMPk es un sensor del estado energético celular. Esta proteína que se activa frente a bajos niveles de ATP o del cocienteATP/ADP, está implicada en la regulación de muchos procesos metabólicos, teniendo gran importancia en la captación deglucosa y ácidos grasos libres.Dentro de la estructura básica de la proteína cabe destacar la presencia de tres subunidades α, β y γ, dentro de las cualescabe destacar que la subunidad β está en contacto con depósitos de glucógeno, lo que le permite interactuar rápidamente eintervenir en el metabolismo energético.Los principales sitios de acción son el músculo esquelético, hígado y mitocondrias, generando en el músculo una mayortranslocación de los GLUT y por ende mayor captación de glucosa, a nivel hepático regula la glucogenolisis y la producciónde colesterol, y a nivel mitocondrial inhibe a la Malonyl CoA que inhibe a su vez a la CPT1, y por lo tanto permite un mayoringreso de ácidos grasos libres al interior de la mitocondria para su posterior oxidación.Por lo expuesto anteriormente y el rol que cumple esta proteína en diversas vías metabólicas, se puede apreciar laimportancia de comprender los procesos y mecanismos de acción de activación de la AMPk como herramienta clínicaterapéutica.
CARACTERÍSTICAS MORFOLÓGICAS DE LOS ATLETAS DE BALONMANO MASCULINO: ANÁLISIS COMPARATIVO CON LOS MEJORES ATLETAS DE LA CATEGORÍA JUVENIL
Authors: Corrêa de Sousa Juliana , Fernandes de Miranda Eduardo , Alves de Moraes Filho , Godinho Ribeiro Daniele , Tonello Laís , Ribeiro Nillianne , Freitas de Souza Marco Antonio , Martin Dantas Estélio
Published: March 2020

Describir las características morfológicas de atletas de balonmano de una ciudad del norte de Brasil y comparar conatletas de alto rendimiento de otra ciudad del sur del país. Participaron 19 atletas de balonmano de la categoría adultomasculino y fueron analizadas las siguientes variables antropométricas: masa corporal, estatura, envergadura,longitud de la mano, diámetro radio-ulnar, perímetro del antebrazo, porcentaje de grasa, peso de grasa, peso magro.Los resultados de estos atletas fueron comparados con el mejor atleta por posición de los Joguinhos Abertos de SantaCatarina del año 2004. Correlación de la comparación entre los Pivotes, ha tenido una diferencia significativa enel porcentaje de grasa (?% = 40,47%, p = 0,01) , en la masa magra (?% = 54,17%, p = 0,03) en el diámetro radioulnar(?% = 7,57%, p = 0,02) de los atletas participantes. Los extremos derechos presentan diferencias significativasapenas en el diámetro radio-ulnar (?% = 5,07%, p = 0,03) y los extremos izquierdos en el porcentaje de grasa (?%= 93,36%, p = 0,03). Entre los armadores derecho hay diferencias en la estatura (?% = 4,73%, p = 0,03), en el izquierdoel porcentaje de grasa (?% = 91,07%, p = 0,03) y en el central en la longitud de la mano (?% = 19,80%, p= 0,03). Los atletas del norte no presentan características morfológicas adecuadas para atletas de alto rendimientoporque quedaron por debajo de los valores medios del equipo de alto rendimiento.
LA INFLUENCIA DEL EJERCICIO AEROBIO EN EL SISTEMA INMUNOLÓGICO DEL ADULTO MAYOR
Authors: Hall López Javier , Ochoa Martínez Paulina , Martin Dantas Estélio , Botelho Teixeira Ana Maria , Alarcón Meza Edgar
Published: March 2020

El envejecimiento viene acompañado por un decline en las funciones fisiológicas, disminuyendo la calidad de vida;la función del sistema inmunológico es de protección, reconocimiento y destrucción de elementos extraños al cuerpolas cuales disminuyen en los adultos mayores, siendo esta población más susceptible a infecciones. Encontrar estrategiaspara mejorar las funciones del sistema inmunológico en el adulto mayor podría disminuir los costos de saluden la sociedad. En este articulo revisamos las causas fisiológicas que generan la disminución a su vez se revisa alejercicio como alternativa de mejora en el sistema inmunológico del adulto mayor.
ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO DE LA MORFOESTRUCTURA DE BASQUETBOLISTAS JOVENES Y ADULTOS
Authors: Almagià Flores Atilio , Lizana Arce Pablo
Published: March 2020

El propósito de este estudio es determinar las diferencias antropométricas que se establecen al comparar dos equiposde basquetbol de diferentes categorías. Se evalúan a 20 sujetos varones, divididos en 10 adultos con un promedio de23,77 años de edad, 89,3 kg de peso y una estatura de 198 cm y, 10 sujetos jóvenes con una edad promedio de 15,24años, con un peso de 67,5 kg y una estatura de 173,5 cm. Se obtienen diferencias estadísticas en la masa muscular,masa de piel, masa residual y masa ósea. No así en la masa grasa y en los componentes del Somamtitpo, donde hubosemejanzas. La frecuencia del entrenamiento favorece el aumento de la masa muscular, así como la maduración físicay se pretende realizar estudios longitudinales para establecer en que medida los jóvenes pueden igualar los componentesmorfológicos de los jugadores adultos de basquetbol.
ANÁLISIS DE VARIABLES ANTROPOMÉTRICAS Y BIOMECÁNICAS QUE INFLUYEN EN LA VELOCIDAD, DE NIÑOS QUE PRACTICAN FUTBOL ENTRE 10 Y 14 AÑOS DEL CLUB SANTIAGO WANDERERS DE VALPARAÍSO
Authors: Barraza Gómez Fernando , Cajas Luna Boris , Inostroza Bailles Alex , López Montes Branco , Rodríguez Moraga Diego
Published: March 2020

Se presentan en el estudio los resultados del análisis de variables antropométricas (talla, peso y longitud del miembroinferior) y biomecánicos (frecuencia de pasos y amplitud de zancada), en el cual se pretendió encontrar la relaciónde estas variables con la velocidad y entre ellas. El estudio se desarrolló con una muestra de 75 sujetos varones quepractican fútbol al menos 3 veces por semana, pertenecientes a las divisiones menores del club Santiago Wanderersde Valparaíso. A su vez, los sujetos del estudio se dividieron por edad en 4 categorías: (que son las que participan enel Campeonato Nacional de Fútbol Joven) Sub 14 (17 Sujetos), Sub 13 (17 Sujetos), Sub 12 (18 Sujetos), Sub 11 (23Sujetos).En el caso de las categorías más grandes (Sub 14 y Sub 13), aquellas variables biomecánicas dieron comoresultado la mayor explicación de la velocidad y en las otras categorías (Sub 12 y Sub 11) no se encontraron variablesexplicativas a la velocidad.
PERCEPCIÓN SOCIAL DEL GRAN PREMIO DE EUROPA DE FÓRMULA UNO ENTRE LOS RESIDENTES DEL MUNICIPIO DE VALENCIA
Authors: Duclos Bastías Daniel
Published: March 2020

Los objetivos principales de la presente investigación han sido, analizar la percepción que los residentes de Valencia tienen sobre la realización del Gran Premio de Europa (GPE) de Fórmula Uno en la ciudad: conocimientos, intereses, actitudes, comportamientos y expectativa de dicha población, con respecto a este evento deportivo. Se ha aplicado un cuestionario estructurado de 29 ítems a una muestra de residentes del municipio de Valencia compuesta por 421 sujetos. Se ha obtenido un error de muestreo de ± 4,9%. Las conclusiones informan que en general la población valenciana pose conocimiento sobre el evento deportivo. Sin embargo han manifestado tener escasa ilusión por la celebración del evento en la ciudad. La muestra percibe que los sectores más beneficiados con el desarrollo del evento, serían el Turismo y la Economía. También se informa que el colectivo menos beneficiado serían los Ciudadanos. La gran mayoría de consultados ha indicado que no asistirá al GPE de Fórmula Uno.
INTEGRACIÓN DE LA HEPCIDINA A LAS RESPUESTAS Y ADAPTACIONES A LA HIPOXIA EN EL DEPORTE
Authors: Domínguez Herrera Raúl , Maté-Muñoz José Luis , Garnacho-Castaño Manuel
Published: March 2020

Entre las distintas estrategias empleadas con objeto de mejorar el rendimiento deportivo se ha empleado tradicionalmente las concentraciones de entrenamiento en altura. En la actualidad dicha práctica se ha hecho más común, al posibilitarse la realización de exposiciones a estímulos de hipoxia intermitente, gracias a la utilización de distintas tecnologías como las cámaras hipobáricas. Algunos estudios han intentado comprobar el efecto de distintos protocolos de exposición a ambientes hipóxicos sobre el rendimiento deportivo y sobre las variables relacionadas con el sistema sanguíneo. Sin embargo, con frecuencia, no se tiene en cuenta que, como respuesta a la hipoxia, el cuerpo reacciona con una serie de respuestas y adaptaciones a nivel multisistémico. Además, el descubrimiento de la hepcidina ha hecho comprender mejor el conocimiento existente acerca del metabolismo del hierro. Dado que condiciones de hipoxia podrían alterar la síntesis de hepcidina, el objetivo del presente estudio de revisión bibliográfica ha sido doble: I) comprobar las distintas respuestas y adaptaciones a nivel multisistémico a condiciones de hipoxia; II) integrar la hepcidina como posible variable que interviene en las respuestas que tienen lugar en relación al metabolismo del hierro.
RESULTADOS SIMCE EN LA REGIÓN DEL BIO BIO Y TIPO DE ESTABLECIMIENTO EDUCACIONAL EN EL ÁREA DE EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA 2010
Authors: Retamales Muñoz Francisco , Gilabert Labra Ángela , Valenzuela Bustamante Rickter
Published: March 2020

El Objetivo del estudio es identificar las diferencias existentes entre los diversos tipos de establecimiento educacional respecto a los resultados obtenidos en la prueba del Sistema de Medición de la Calidad de la Educación (SIMCE) en el subsector de Educación Física en la región del Bio Bio. 2.087 estudiantes pertenecientes a 46 establecimientos educacionales con distinto tipo de administración, cursando en el año 2010 el 8vo básico de la región del Bio Bio. Mediante la base de datos de la prueba SIMCE de Educación Física del año 2010, se extrae la muestra correspondiente a la región del Bio Bio y se realizan los cruces necesarios para que mediante estadística descriptiva se establezcan los resultados, esto mediante los software SPSS versión 20 y Excel 2013. Sobre la muestra se obtiene una masa de 58±12 kg, estatura de 160±8 cms, Índice de masa corporal (IMC) medio de 22,7±4,03; IMC femenino (53% normal), IMC masculino (62% normal). Bajo rendimiento en Test Naveta, femenino 3,3 palier y 57% (PSUB), 60% (MUN), 46% (PPAG) en la media; masculino 6,3 palier y (PPAG) 41%, (PSUB) 47% y (MUN) 49% en la media. Rendimiento máximo en abdominales por minuto en femenino con 45,1 (PPAG), y masculino 60,7 (MUN). Rendimiento máximo en Flexión de tronco en femenino con 10 cms (PPAG), y masculino 5,2 cms (MUN). Rendimiento máximo en Salto horizontal en femenino con 144 cms (PPAG), y masculino 175 cms (PPAG). Se puede verificar las diferencias entre pruebas físicas y mediciones antropométricas lo cual refleja la clara ventaja de los establecimiento del tipo particular pagado, quienes respecto a las otras dos categorías (particular subvencionado y municipal) sobrepasa en todas las pruebas y mediciones en sus medias, tanto en damas como varones. Esta situación se refleja como una tendencia normal respecto a la muestra nacional.
PRESCRIPCION DEL EJERCICIO FISICO PARA LA SALUD, INFLUENCIA DEL ENTRENAMIENTO DE LA FUERZA INTERMITENTE Y EN LA COMPOSICIÓN CORPORAL DE UNIVERSITARIOS SEDENTARIOS CON ASCENDENCIA ÉTNICA DIVERSA
Authors: Cresp Barria Mauricio , Delgado Floody Pedro , Ojeda Nahuelcura Rodrigo , Caamaño Navarrete Felipe , Machuca Barria Claudia , Carter-Thuillier Bastian
Published: March 2020

El objetivo del estudio es determinar si el entrenamiento de fuerza de tipo intermitente modifica la composicióncorporal principalmente el porcentaje de grasa y masa muscular de jóvenes sedentarios universitarios.Estudio cuasi experimental con pre-prueba y pos-prueba en una muestra de 8 sujetos sin grupo control,seleccionados de manera intencionada. Se realizó medición antropométrica al comienzo y al finalizar elprograma de entrenamiento. Se concluyó que un programa de entrenamiento de 2 meses de duración con 3sesiones semanales en días alternos, provoca disminución significativa (p<0,05) en la masa grasa y unaumento significativo (p<0,05) en la masa muscular, por lo cual se comprueba que el entrenamientointermitente con sobrecarga, provoca cambios significativos en la fuerza máxima, y composición corporal enpersonas sedentarias.
REFLEXIONES RESPECTO DE UN PLAN DE ESTUDIO PARA PEDAGOGÍA EN EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA CON FUNDAMENTACIÓN PARADIGMATICA EN LA CIENCIA DE LA MOTRICIDAD HUMANA
Authors: Portes Júnior Moacyr , Almonacid Fierro Aquiles , Castro Jaque Cesar
Published: March 2020

En momentos de ajustes o cambios, los paradigmas que sustentan áreas sociales pueden ser afectadosdirectamente por ellos. La Educación Física enfrenta la necesidad de establecer las acciones profesionales enel ámbito de la Educación Física escolar, considerando que o ser humano enfrenta crisis en el proceso dehumanización. Para ello, la Ciencia de la Motricidad Humana viene a resignificar la acción educativo-motrizdesde una mirada antropológica con énfasis en la persona humana. Modelos pedagógicos de formación delprofesorado en Educación Física siguen esta tendencia. Pero enfrentan barreras establecidas por la realidadsociocultural hipocinética, de la alimentación hipercalórica, desinterés por la actividad física y por políticaspúblicas de salud que priorizan la acción motriz descontextualizada del proceso de humanización. Este textopresenta la realidad del establecimiento de una carrera con bases en el paradigma de la Ciencia de laMotricidad Humana, partiendo de reflexiones históricas de la Educación Física, considerando el currículochileno para el área y termina indagando en qué rumbos ha de seguir la formación de los futurosprofesionales del área de Educación Física.
OBJETIVOS DE APRENDIZAJE DE PRIMER A SEXTO AÑO BÁSICO EN EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA Y SALUD: ANÁLISIS CRÍTICO DE LA DOCUMENTACIÓN MINISTERIAL
Authors: Mujica Johnson Felipe , Concha López Rocío
Published: March 2020

Esta investigación tiene como propósito realizar un análisis crítico de los objetivos de aprendizaje de las basescurriculares y de los indicadores de evaluación sugerido en los programas de estudio, de primer a sexto añobásico de la asignatura Educación Física y Salud. La metodología respondió al paradigma fenomenológicohermenéutico y ocho son los documentos oficiales estudiados del Ministerio de Educación.Los resultados manifiestan tres dimensiones emergentes, que hacen referencia a 1) ambigüedad en torno a losobjetivos de aprendizajes; 2) ausencia de progresión en objetivos de aprendizaje e indicadores de evaluaciónsugeridos; 3) incoherencia taxonómica entre objetivos de aprendizaje e indicadores de evaluación sugeridos.Finalmente se concluye que las problemáticas detectadas afectan directamente a los docentes en su quehacerpedagógico.
INFLUENCIA DE LAS CLASES DE EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA SOBRE EL NIVEL DE ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA MEDIDO A TRAVÉS DE UNA APLICACIÓN MÓVIL EN ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Jaén-Jiménez Raúl , Cristi-Montero Carlos , Cruz-León Carolina , Torres-Luque Gema , Garatachea Nuria , Turrado-Sevilla María Ángeles , Santos-Lozano Alejandro
Published: March 2020

La literatura científica ha demostrado a través de diversos métodos (cuestionarios y acelerómetros, principalmente) que lasclases de educación física (EF) influyen positivamente en el logro de las recomendaciones de actividad física (AF) en lapoblación escolar. Sin embargo, el uso de nuevas tecnologías como los teléfonos móviles o smartphone, parecen ser unainteresante herramienta de bajo costo que también podrían ayudar a determinar el nivel de AF. Por tanto, el objetivo delpresente estudio fue describir como influye la clase de EF en el número de pasos diarios en escolares que utilizaron unaaplicación móvil “RuntasticPedometer” para monitorear dicha variable. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 50 estudiantes(edad media de 14.1 ±1.6 años) pertenecientes al Instituto de Educación Secundaria “Melchor de Macanaz” de la localidad deHellín (Albacete, España). Tras analizar los datos, se observaron diferencias significativas (p<0.05) durante los días en que losescolares realizaron la clase de EF y los que no (9.950 vs. 8.023 pasos/día,respectivamente). Además, la variación entre losdías con y sin EF también fueron estadísticamente diferentes entre niños y niñas (2.644 vs. 1.579 pasos/día, respetivamente).Finalmente, se podría concluir que las clases de EF parecen influir positivamente en el aumento del número de pasos enescolares, lo que elevaría las posibilidades de que estos niños y niñas logren los parámetros mínimos de AF recomendada porlas diversas organizaciones de salud. Por otro lado, cabe señalar que el uso de nuevas tecnologías de uso masivo como lossmartphone, podrían ser una interesante herramienta a validar orientadas al monitoreo de la AF.
LA TÉCNICA EN LA ESCALADA DEPORTIVA: UNA REVISIÓN
Authors: Rojas Pardo Eduardo
Published: March 2020

centro de gravedad, manteniendo el equilibrio tanto de forma estática como dinámica. Considerando estapremisa, la técnica deportiva se vuelve fundamental para el logro de este objetivo. La siguiente revisión buscamostrar los avances en los últimos diez años respecto a la técnica y la escalada deportiva. Fueron consultadascinco bases de datos online considerando los términos “Escalda deportiva”, “Técnica” y “Biomecánica”.Como resultados de la búsqueda fueron encontrados tan solo nueve artículos originales, los cuales a pesar deincluir la técnica de escalada como una variable a considerar en relación a otros parámetros de diversa índole,no logran entregar una descripción adecuada de técnica en escalada deportiva, limitándose a posicionamientoscorporales o formas de tomar agarres específicos, sin describir fases u objetivos de las mismas. Queda comotarea hacia el futuro, establecer bases en cuanto a la técnica en la escalada deportiva, considerando comenzarpor definir un modelo técnico a nivel nacional que entregue la posibilidad de avanzar de forma estructurada ysecuencial en el desarrollo de la técnica deportiva para la escalada y todas las variables implicadas para lamejora de los rendimientos en nuestros deportistas de la mano de la ciencia y la experiencia.
DIFERENCIAS EN LA MASA MUSCULAR Y EL NIVEL DE ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS, SEGÚN AÑO DE INGRESO
Authors: Cataldo Soto Félix , Vivanco Burgos Elias
Published: March 2020

En el presente estudio, se determinó el nivel de masa muscular (MM) en estudiantes universitarios de distintas carreras yaño de ingreso, utilizando método de bioimpedancia y antropometría básica (peso y talla) para determinar lacomposición corporal. Con el fin de comparar en que año los estudiantes presentan un mayor deterioro de la MM. Enrelación a la MM; está cumple un rol importante en el desarrollo físico de los estudiantes, considerando que el musculoesquelético es el responsable de la postura y los movimientos del esqueleto. Para medir el nivel de actividad física (NAF)se utilizó el cuestionario internacional de actividad física (IPAQ,) el cual ha sido utilizado en diversos estudiosinternacionales y se ha evaluado su validez y confiabilidad sugiriéndose su uso en diferentes países e idiomas. Ladistribución de este componente entre los grupos evaluados demostró que a pesar de existir un nivel “moderado” NAF elnivel de la MM no es el óptimo para personas de esos grupos etarios. Se pudo comprobar que entre más pasan los añosmayor es la cantidad de MM. Debido al rol importante que cumple la MM debemos tener en cuenta que existe un cambiograve asociado al envejecimiento humano, que consiste en la reducción progresiva de la MM, una espiral descendenteque puede provocar una disminución de la fuerza y la funcionalidad.