bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Frailty on Technique Failure and Mortality in Patients on Home Dialysis
Authors: Brar Ranveer , Whitlock Reid , Komenda Paul , Lerner Blake , Prasad Bhanu , Bohm Clara , Thorsteinsdottir Bjoerg , Rigatto Claudio , Tangri Navdeep
Published: October 2019

Background

Patients on home dialysis therapies experience technique failure, which is associated with morbidity and mortality. Reasons for technique failure are complex, and often related to functional decline in the patient or caregiver. Frailty is associated with an increased risk of adverse health outcomes. We investigated the impact of frailty on technique failure and mortality in a prospective cohort of patients on home dialysis therapies.

Methods

We collected objective (Fried criteria and Short Physical Performance Battery [SPPB]), and subjective (physician and nurse impression) measures of frailty from 109 prevalent home dialysis patients. Our primary outcome was a composite of technique failure, defined as a permanent unplanned transition (> 30 days in duration) to facility-based hemodialysis or all-cause death. The association between different frailty assessment tools and the primary composite outcome was evaluated using Cox models.

Results

Fried criteria and physician impression was associated with a greater than 2-fold increase in risk of our composite outcome (HR: 2.10 [95% CI 1.09 – 3.99], 2.15 [95% CI 1.15 – 4.00, respectively] in adjusted analyses. Weakness and weight loss subdomains of the Fried criteria were both associated with an increased risk of our composite outcome in adjusted analyses (HR: 2.16 [95% CI 1.23 – 3.78], 2.69 [95% CI 1.39 – 5.40], respectively).

Conclusions

Objective and subjective measures of frailty are associated with a more than 2-fold higher risk of technique failure or death in patients undergoing home dialysis. Assessing frailty as part of the clinical evaluation for home dialysis therapies may be useful for prognostication and clinical management.
Effect of Liver Cirrhosis on the Outcomes of Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Jung Young Lee , Park Jae Yoon , Lee Chung Sik , Kim Dong Ki , Lim Chun-Soo , Kim Yon Su , Oh Kook-Hwan , Han Seung Seok
Published: October 2019

Background

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) has become an increasingly important treatment modality for end-stage renal disease. However, application of PD in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and subsequent outcomes have not been thoroughly evaluated.

Methods

A total of 1,366 patients (≥ 18 years old) who started PD at 4 tertiary referral centers between January 2000 and December 2015 were initially reviewed. Among them, 45 patients with LC were finally analyzed (LC-PD). Using the multivariate Cox hazard ratio (HR) model, outcomes such as technique failure, infection, and mortality in patients with LC-PD were compared with those in non-LC-PD patients (non-LC-PD) or patients with LC who received hemodialysis (LC-HD). All of the patients were selected by 1:1 matching of age, sex, catheter insertion date, and diabetes mellitus.

Results

During the mean follow-up duration of 43 ± 35.8 months, 12 patients with LC-PD experienced technique failure, and this rate was similar to that of non-LC-PD patients. In evaluating infection episodes, the most common causes for peritonitis and exit-site infection were Escherichia coli (5.8%) and Staphylococcus aureus (19.3%), respectively; these event rates of LC-PD did not differ from those of non-LC-PD. The all-cause mortality rate of the LC-PD group was not different from that of the non-LC-PD and LC-HD groups.

Conclusion

Dialysis outcomes such as technique failure, infection, and mortality are not affected by the presence of LC. Accordingly, PD therapy is a good option in patients with LC.
International Anemia Prevalence and Management in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Perlman Rachel L. , Zhao Junhui , Fuller Douglas S. , Bieber Brian , Li Yun , Pisoni Ronald L. , Robinson Bruce M. , Johnson David W. , Kawanishi Hideki , Davies Simon J. , Schreiber Martin J. , Perl Jeffrey
Published: October 2019

Background

The optimal treatment for managing anemia in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and best clinical practices are not completely understood. We sought to characterize international variations in anemia measures and management among PD patients.

Methods

The Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS) enrolled adult PD patients from 6 countries from 2014 to 2017. Hemoglobin (Hb), ferritin levels, and transferrin saturation (TSAT), as well as erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) and iron use were compared cross-sectionally at study enrollment in Australia and New Zealand (A/NZ), Canada, Japan, the United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (US).

Results

Among 3,603 PD patients from 193 facilities, mean Hb ranged from 11.0 – 11.3 g/dL across countries. The majority of patients (range 53% – 59%) had Hb 10 – 11.9 g/dL, with 4% – 12% patients ≥ 13 g/dL and 16% – 23% < 10 g/dL. Use of ESAs was higher in Japan (94% of patients) than elsewhere (66% – 79% of patients). In the US, 63% of patients had a ferritin level > 500 ng/mL, compared with 5% – 38% in other countries. In the US and Japan, 87% – 89% of PD patients had TSAT ≥ 20%, compared with 73% – 76% in other countries. Intravenous (IV) iron use within 4 months of enrollment was higher in the US (55% of patients) than elsewhere (6% – 17% patients).

Conclusions

In this largest international observational study of anemia and anemia management in patients receiving PD, comparable Hb levels across countries were observed but with notable differences in ESA and iron use. Peritoneal dialysis patients in the US have higher ferritin levels and higher IV iron use than other countries.
Swimming on Peritoneal Dialysis: Recommendations from Australian PD Units
Authors: Lee Anna
Published: October 2019

Background

There is no evidence to support the need for protection of the peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter and exit site for people on PD who want to swim. Swimming with a PD catheter is perceived to potentially put that person at increased risk of infection. Objectives of this study were to determine the proportion of Australian PD units supporting swimming for people on PD, recommendations made to protect the PD catheter, and exit site and any subsequent infective complications.

Method

Phone surveys were conducted with PD nurses from a cross section of 39 Australian PD units.

Results

Almost all units reported that patients on PD do swim despite only 77% of units advocating swimming. Swimming in sea water (85%) or a private swimming pool (90%) is mostly recommended. Covering the exit site and PD catheter is recommended with a waterproof film dressing or colostomy bag. Performing routine exit-site care after swimming is recommended (100%). There were 7 reported exit-site infections and 2 episodes of peritonitis perceived to be associated with swimming with a PD catheter.

Conclusion

Most PD units in Australia report that patients on PD swim. Swimming is recommended in either sea water or private swimming pools. The PD catheter and exit site should be covered with either a clear waterproof dressing or colostomy bag. Routine exit-site care should be performed after swimming. Infections were rarely reported in those who swim. Until further research is available, best practice recommendations are warranted for the safety of those on PD who want to swim.
INTEGRATING BWM AND ARAS UNDER HESITANT LINGUISTIC ENVIRONMENT FOR DIGITAL SUPPLY CHAIN FINANCE SUPPLIER SECTION
Authors: Liao Huchang , Wen Zhi , Liu Lili
Published: October 2019

In the era of intelligence and informatization, digital supply chain finance (DSCF) has become one of the important trends in the development of supply chain finance. With the gradual increase of DSCF suppliers and various requirements of small and medium-sized enterprises for suppliers in providing financing services, selecting the most suitable DSCF supplier is of great significance for most small and medium-sized enterprises to expand reproduction and improve competitiveness. To address such a decision-making problem, this paper proposes a new multi-expert multiple criteria decision-making model by integrating the Best Worst Method (BWM) and Additive Ratio ASsessment (ARAS) method under the hesitant fuzzy linguistic environment, in which the hesitant fuzzy linguistic BWM method is applied to determine the weights of criteria while the hesitant fuzzy linguistic ARAS method is proposed to rank the candidate suppliers. A case study is given to demonstrate the procedure of the proposed method for the selection of optimal DSCF suppliers, which shows the feasibility of the proposed method. Finally, sensitivity analysis and comparative analyses are provided to testify the applicability and superiority of the proposed method.
THE EFFECTS OF ACCOUNTABILITY, GOVERNANCE CAPITAL, AND LEGAL ORIGIN ON REPORTED FRAUDS
Authors: Máté Domicián , Sadaf Rabeea , Oláh Judit , Popp József , Szűcs Edit
Published: October 2019

An institutional perspective is employed to illuminate the complexity of frauds in various diverse economies, in order to enhance the efficacy of previous accounting concepts. In this study, the effects of the legal, regulatory and human framework of the strength of auditing and reporting standards, and the governance capital related to global sustainable competitiveness and economic growth, etc. are analysed by linear regression (OLS) methods. Moreover, the role of other indicators i.e. financial freedom, the extent of director liability and legal origin, are interrelated with the number of fraud cases. From the results, it appears that an increased level of governance capital, financial freedom from government pressure, strengthened transparency and more protected minority investors through liable directors might increase the number of reported fraud cases in the countries and years examined. The existence of legal origin also seemed to be an appropriate proxy for an improved understanding of fraud characteristics. This evidence suggests it is worth investigating in depth the nature of financial crimes across countries for a better understanding of this phenomenon. In this way, these findings might have sufficient potential in the case of adequate policy implications within a less litigious business environment to resolve the undesirable consequences of impending financial downturns, and to achieve sustainable competitiveness and economic development.
The Ultracool SpeXtroscopic Survey. I. Volume-limited Spectroscopic Sample and Luminosity Function of M7−L5 Ultracool Dwarfs
Authors: Bardalez Gagliuffi Daniella C. , Burgasser Adam J. , Schmidt Sarah J. , Theissen Christopher , Gagné Jonathan , Gillon Michael , Sahlmann Johannes , Faherty Jacqueline K. , Gelino Christopher , Cruz Kelle L. , Skrzypek Nathalie , Looper Dagny
Published: October 2019

We present a volume-limited, spectroscopically verified sample of M7−L5 ultracool dwarfs (UCDs) within 25 pc. The sample contains 410 sources, of which 93% have trigonometric distance measurements (80% from Gaia DR2) and 81% have low-resolution (R ∼ 120), near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. We also present an additional list of 60 sources that may be M7−L5 dwarfs within 25 pc when distance or spectral-type uncertainties are taken into account. The spectra provide NIR spectral and gravity classifications, and we use these to identify young sources, red and blue J − K

S
color outliers, and spectral binaries. We measure very low gravity and intermediate-gravity fractions of

and

, respectively; fractions of red and blue color outliers of

and

, respectively; and a spectral binary fraction of

. We present an updated luminosity function for M7−L5 dwarfs continuous across the hydrogen-burning limit that agrees with previous studies. We estimate our completeness to range between 69% and 80% when compared to an isotropic model. However, we find that the literature late-M sample is severely incomplete compared to L dwarfs, with completeness of

and

, respectively. This incompleteness can be addressed with astrometric-based searches of UCDs with Gaia to identify objects previously missed by color- and magnitude-limited surveys.
The Chemical Structure of Young High-mass Star-forming Clumps. I. Deuteration
Authors: Feng 冯 S. 思轶 , Caselli P. , Wang 王 K. 科 , Lin Y. , Beuther H. , Sipilä O.
Published: October 2019

The chemical structure of high-mass star nurseries is important for a general understanding of star formation. Deuteration is a key chemical process in the earliest stages of star formation because its efficiency is sensitive to the environment. Using the IRAM-30 m telescope at 1.3–4.3 mm wavelengths, we have imaged two parsec-scale high-mass protostellar clumps (P1 and S) that show different evolutionary stages but are located in the same giant filamentary infrared dark cloud G28.34+0.06. Deep spectral images at subparsec resolution reveal the dust and gas physical structures of both clumps. We find that (1) the low-J lines of N2H+, HCN, HNC, and HCO+ isotopologues are subthermally excited; and (2) the deuteration of N2H+ is more efficient than that of HCO+, HCN, and HNC by an order of magnitude. The deuterations of these species are enriched toward the chemically younger clump S compared with P1, indicating that this process favors the colder and denser environment (T
kin ∼ 14 K, N(NH3) ∼ 9 × 1015 cm−2). In contrast, single deuteration of NH3 is insensitive to the environmental difference between P1 and S; and (3) single deuteration of CH3OH (>10%) is detected toward the location where CO shows a depletion of ∼10. This comparative chemical study between P1 and S links the chemical variations to the environmental differences and shows chemical similarities between the early phases of high- and low-mass star-forming regions.
Evidence for Oscillating Two-stream Instability and Spatial Collapse of Langmuir Waves in a Solar Type II Radio Burst
Authors: Thejappa G. , MacDowall R. J.
Published: October 2019

We present the high time resolution in situ observations of Langmuir waves, likely excited by an electron beam accelerated by a coronal-mass ejection-driven super-critical quasi-perpendicular interplanetary shock into its upstream solar wind, which happens to be the source region of a solar type II radio burst. We show that (1) these waves occur as coherent localized magnetic-field-aligned, one-dimensional wave packets with durations of a few milliseconds and with peak intensities well in excess of the threshold for strong turbulence processes, (2) they provide what is believed to be the first evidence for: (a) the oscillating two-stream instability (OTSI)

, where L
1 and L
2, U and D, and S are the pump Langmuir waves, up- and down-shifted side bands, and ion sound waves, respectively, (b) a three-wave interaction

, where

is the second-harmonic electromagnetic wave, (3) they satisfy the threshold condition for formation of collapsing solitons, and (4) they are accompanied by their ponderomotive force induced density cavities with

, where

is the level of ponderomotive force induced density fluctuations and

is that of the ambient fluctuations. These findings strongly suggest that the observed wave packets provide evidence for the collapsing solitons formed as a result of OTSI. The implication is that the strong turbulence processes probably play very important roles in excitation of type II radio emissions as well as in stabilization of shock-accelerated electron beams.
Disk–Jet Coupling in the 2017/2018 Outburst of the Galactic Black Hole Candidate X-Ray Binary MAXI J1535–571
Authors: Russell T. D. , Tetarenko A. J. , Miller-Jones J. C. A. , Sivakoff G. R. , Parikh A. S. , Rapisarda S. , Wijnands R. , Corbel S. , Tremou E. , Altamirano D. , Baglio M. C. , Ceccobello C. , Degenaar N. , Eijnden J. van den , Fender R. , Heywood I. , Krimm H. A. , Lucchini M. , Markoff S. , Russell D. M. , Soria R. , Woudt P. A.
Published: October 2019

MAXI J1535−571 is a Galactic black hole candidate X-ray binary that was discovered going into outburst in 2017 September. In this paper, we present comprehensive radio monitoring of this system using the Australia Telescope Compact Array, as well as the MeerKAT radio observatory, showing the evolution of the radio jet during its outburst. Our radio observations show the early rise and subsequent quenching of the compact jet as the outburst brightened and then evolved toward the soft state. We constrain the compact jet quenching factor to be more than 3.5 orders of magnitude. We also detected and tracked (for 303 days) a discrete, relativistically moving jet knot that was launched from the system. From the motion of the apparently superluminal knot, we constrain the jet inclination (at the time of ejection) and speed to ≤45° and ≥0.69 c, respectively. Extrapolating its motion back in time, our results suggest that the jet knot was ejected close in time to the transition from the hard intermediate state to soft intermediate state. The launching event also occurred contemporaneously with a short increase in X-ray count rate, a rapid drop in the strength of the X-ray variability, and a change in the type-C quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) frequency that occurs >2.5 days before the first appearance of a possible type-B QPO.
Synthetic Extreme-ultraviolet Emissions Modulated by Leaky Fast Sausage Modes in Solar Active Region Loops
Authors: Shi Mijie , Li Bo , Huang Zhenghua , Chen Shao-Xia
Published: October 2019

We study the extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) emissions modulated by leaky fast sausage modes (FSMs) in solar active region (AR) loops and examine their observational signatures via spectrometers like the EUV imaging spectrometer (EIS). After computing fluid variables of leaky FSMs with magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations, we forward-model the intensity and spectral properties of the Fe x 185 Å and Fe xii 195 Å lines by incorporating nonequilibrium ionization (NEI) in the computations of the relevant ionic fractions. The damping times derived from the intensity variations are then compared with the wave values, namely, the damping times directly found from our MHD simulations. Our results show that in the equilibrium ionization cases, the density variations and the intensity variations can be either in phase or in antiphase, depending on the loop temperature. NEI considerably impacts the intensity variations but has only marginal effects on the derived Doppler velocity or Doppler width. We find that the damping time derived from the intensity can largely reflect the wave damping time if the loop temperature is not drastically different from the nominal formation temperature of the corresponding emission line. These results are helpful for understanding the modulations to the EUV emissions by leaky FSMs and hence helpful for identifying FSMs in solar AR loops.
The ALMA Discovery of the Rotating Disk and Fast Outflow of Cold Molecular Gas in NGC 1275
Authors: Nagai H. , Onishi K. , Kawakatu N. , Fujita Y. , Kino M. , Fukazawa Y. , Lim J. , Forman W. , Vrtilek J. , Nakanishi K. , Noda H. , Asada K. , Wajima K. , Ohyama Y. , David L. , Daikuhara K.
Published: October 2019

We present observations using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array of the CO(2−1), HCN(3−2), and HCO+(3−2) lines in the nearby radio galaxy/brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) NGC 1275 with a spatial resolution of ∼20 pc. In previous observations, the CO(2−1) emission was detected as radial filaments lying in the east–west direction on a kiloparsec scale. We resolved the inner filament and found that it cannot be represented by a simple infalling stream on a sub-kiloparsec scale. The observed complex nature of the filament resembles the cold gas structure predicted by numerical simulations of cold chaotic accretion. Within the central 100 pc, we detected a rotational disk of molecular gas whose mass is ∼108
M
⊙. This is the first evidence of the presence of a massive cold gas disk on this spatial scale for BCGs. A crude estimate suggests that the accretion rate of the cold gas can be higher than that of hot gas. The disk rotation axis is approximately consistent with the radio-jet axis. This probably suggests that the cold gas disk is physically connected to the innermost accretion disk, which is responsible for jet launching. We also detected absorption features in the HCN(3−2) and HCO+(3−2) spectra against the radio continuum emission mostly radiated by a jet of size ∼1.2 pc. The absorption features are blueshifted from the systemic velocity by ∼300–600 km s−1, suggesting the presence of outflowing gas from the active galactic nucleus (AGN). We discuss the relation of the AGN feeding with cold accretion, the origin of blueshifted absorption, and an estimate of the black hole mass using molecular gas dynamics.
Spitzer Catalog of Herschel-selected Ultrared Dusty Star-forming Galaxies
Authors: Ma Jingzhe , Cooray Asantha , Nayyeri Hooshang , Brown Arianna , Ghotbi Noah , Ivison Rob , Oteo Ivan , Duivenvoorden Steven , Greenslade Joshua , Clements David , Wardlow Julie , Battisti Andrew , Cunha Elisabete da , Ashby Matthew L. N. , Perez-Fournon Ismael , Riechers Dominik , Oliver Seb , Eales Stephen , Negrello Mattia , Dye Simon , Dunne Loretta , Omont Alain , Scott Douglas , Cox Pierre , Serjeant Stephen , Maddox Steve , Valiante Elisabetta
Published: October 2019

The largest Herschel extragalactic surveys, H-ATLAS and HerMES, have selected a sample of “ultrared” dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) with rising SPIRE flux densities (S
500 > S
350 > S
250; the so-called “500 μm risers”) as an efficient way for identifying DSFGs at higher redshift (z > 4). In this paper, we present a large Spitzer follow-up program of 300 Herschel ultrared DSFGs. We have obtained high-resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, Northern Extended Millimeter Array, and SMA data for 63 of them, which allow us to securely identify the Spitzer/IRAC counterparts and classify them as gravitationally lensed or unlensed. Within the 63 ultrared sources with high-resolution data, ∼65% appear to be unlensed and ∼27% are resolved into multiple components. We focus on analyzing the unlensed sample by directly performing multiwavelength spectral energy distribution modeling to derive their physical properties and compare with the more numerous z ∼ 2 DSFG population. The ultrared sample has a median redshift of 3.3, stellar mass of 3.7 × 1011
M
⊙, star formation rate (SFR) of 730 M
⊙ yr−1, total dust luminosity of 9.0 × 1012
L
⊙, dust mass of 2.8 × 109
M
⊙, and V-band extinction of 4.0, which are all higher than those of the ALESS DSFGs. Based on the space density, SFR density, and stellar mass density estimates, we conclude that our ultrared sample cannot account for the majority of the star-forming progenitors of the massive, quiescent galaxies found in infrared surveys. Our sample contains the rarer, intrinsically most dusty, luminous, and massive galaxies in the early universe that will help us understand the physical drivers of extreme star formation.
A taxonomic revision of the genus Selaginella (Selaginellaceae) from Nepal
Authors: Shalimov Aleksandr Petrovich , Wu Yu-Dong , Zhang Xian-Chun
Published: October 2019

The present paper deals with the taxonomy of Selaginella from Nepal based on the examination of herbarium collections housed in major herbaria of Europe and Asia (with additional collections from virtual herbaria). A total of 25 species are recognised here, while Selaginella trichophylla and S. laxistrobila are two new records for the flora of Nepal, India (Sikkim) and Bhutan; Selaginella monospora var. ciliolata is synonymised to S. trichophylla; detailed descriptions, distribution and ecology and IUCN conservation status assessments (based on literature) are presented. For most of the species, illustrations of the leaves and strobili are provided for identification of the morphologically similar taxa.
Valeur(s) & management
Authors: Berger Cédric
Published: October 2019

Dans un monde complexe, incertain et interconnecté, une profession émerge : la Business Analysis (Analyse d’Entreprise). Porteur de sens, créateur de valeur et acteur intelligent, le Business Analyste devient l’utilisateur principal de la pensée complexe et de la démarche systémique. Au cœur de l’entreprise, cette profession harmonise et coordonne la stratégie, les opérations et la technologie pour apporter à toutes les parties prenantes des solutions à valeur(s). « Analyser avant d’agir », une banalité qui devient essentielle dans la révolution économique actuelle.
Valeur(s) & management
Authors: Gobin Christophe
Published: October 2019

Notre écosystème devient de plus en plus complexe et la capacité d’action sur lui se heurte au manque d’outil assez englobant pour tenir compte de ses différents aspects. Le concept d’ efficience est de nature à apporter une piste de travail qu’il est indispensable d’aborder. L’objectif de ce chapitre est d’engager cette démarche ou du moins d’ouvrir un débat autour de cette notion prometteuse.
Valeur(s) & management
Authors: Schiesser Philippe
Published: October 2019

La démarche d’éco-conception, tout en développant ses outils spécifiques (dont le diagnostic environnemental notamment matérialisé par l’analyse de cycle de vie) fait aussi appel à différentes disciplines du monde de la Valeur. Cet article vise à dresser des passerelles entre les différents intervenants de la conception de produits.
La diversité sans diversité : différences « raciales » et accès au logement dans deux villes plurielles francophones (Montréal et Saint-Denis)
Authors: Roche Elise , Rutland Ted
Published: October 2019

Cet article examine comment la production de différenciations raciales interagit avec les politiques urbaines sur la question du droit au logement dans deux villes plurielles francophones, en France et au Québec (Canada). Nous procédons par une analyse croisée de deux processus de droit au logement : les politiques d’un gouvernement municipal progressiste dans des secteurs où vivent des Jamaïcains à Montréal et un projet étatique de relogement d’un bidonville rom à Saint-Denis (Région parisienne). En examinant ces deux processus, nous montrons comment des différenciations raciales sont produites et comment des actions qui visent à réduire les différences socio-économiques peuvent contribuer à la marginalisation de populations racisées.
Closed Funnel-Shaped Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy in Patients With Cognitive Disabilities
Authors: Baba Takayuki , Tanaka Sumiyoshi , Maesawa Akira , Teramatsu Tohru , Noda Yasuo
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
To report severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) cases in patients with cognitive disabilities treated with vitrectomy.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
This retrospective study included 10 eyes of 9 consecutively enrolled patients with cognitive disabilities. The severity of PVR was grade C type 2345 with widespread preretinal and subretinal proliferation in all cases. The surgical management was vitrectomy with scleral buckling, retinotomy, removal of preretinal and subretinal proliferation, and silicone oil tamponade. Mandatory prone positioning and limb restraint were not indicated. Postoperative anatomic and functional success were studied. The follow-up ranged from 3 to 62 months (mean: 25.8 months).
RESULTS
The retina was attached in 10 eyes (100%) at the final examination. Functional success, based on an improvement in patient daily activity, was achieved in 4 patients (44%). No severe complications were noted.
CONCLUSIONS
Treatment with vitrectomy was effective to manage severe PVR in patients with cognitive disabilities and contributed to improve daily life. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:189-195.]
AUTHORS
From the Department of Ophthalmology (TB, ST), Mitsui Memorial Hospital; the Department of Ophthalmology (AM, TT), Teikyo University; and the Department of Ophthalmology (YN), Graduate School, Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Accepted for publication February 8, 2007.
Address correspondence to Sumiyoshi Tanaka, MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, 1 Izumi-Cho, Kanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8643, Japan.
Intravitreal Bevacizumab in Aggressive Posterior Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Travassos António , Teixeira Susana , Ferreira Pinto , Regadas Isaura , Travassos Ana Sofia , Esperancinha Florinod Esteves , Prieto Isabel , Pires Graça , van Velze Robert , Valido A. , do Céu Machado Maria
Published: October 2019

The anatomic response to intravitreal bevacizumab
injection in three patients with aggressive, posterior retinopathy of prematurity is described. In all cases, the worse eye was treated with a single intravitreal
injection of 0.75 mg of bevacizumab as monotherapy
or complementary to laser therapy. In 24 hours, all injected eyes showed regression of the tunica vasculosa lentis and iris vessel engorgement and disappearance of iris rigidity. In addition, plus disease and retinal proliferation
began to regress. None of the eyes required additional treatment. Follow-up of up to 10 months showed good anatomic outcomes and no evidence of local or systemic adverse events. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:233-237.]
AUTHORS
From the Pediatric Retina Department (ST, FEE, IP, GP), Ophthalmology Service, Hospital Fernando Fonseca, Lisbon; the Surgical Center of Coimbra (AT, IR, AST, RV), Coimbra; the Ophthalmology Department (PF), Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa, Zona Central, Hospital de S. José, Lisbon; Alfredo da Costa Maternity (AV), Lisbon; and the High Commissary for Portuguese Health (MCM), Lisbon, Portugal.
Accepted for publication February 26, 2007.
Presented at the World ROP Meeting, Vilnius, Lithuania, September 14-16, 2006. Abstract number 015.
The authors thank Drs. Stephan Michels and Rike Michels for their support.

Address correspondence to Susana Teixeira, MD, Pediatric Retina Department at the Service of Ophthalmology, Hospital Fernando Fonseca, R. João de Freitas Branco nº 21, 6º D, 1500-714 Lisboa, Portugal. E-mail: susanateixeira.oft@gmail.com.
Serial Multifocal Visual Evoked Potential Recordings in Compressive Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Semela Linda , Hedges Thomas R. , Vuong Laurel
Published: October 2019

This article compares the results of serial multifocal
visual evoked potential (mfVEP) recordings with the results of static automated perimetry obtained during a period of 21 months from a patient with a unilateral compressive optic nerve lesion (meningioma). Monocular
and interocular mfVEP analyses were performed and compared with normal control subjects. The number of sectors deviating from normal at a significance level of less than .01 in the monocular mfVEP plots appeared to correlate best with the mean deviation of the visual fields. In this patient with compressive optic neuropathy, mfVEP provided additional objective data for evaluating
visual function over time. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:250-253.] AUTHORS From the New England Eye Center, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts. Accepted for publication January 20, 2007. Supported in part by the Swiss National Science Foundation Grant # PBBEB
104452.Address correspondence to Thomas R. Hedges, MD, New England Eye Center, 750 Washington Street, Box 450, Boston, MA 02111.
Collateral Vessel Regression in a Child With Primary Congenital Glaucoma
Authors: Roberts Elizabeth , Vold Steven D. , Rosa Robert H. , Dries David C.
Published: October 2019

The presence of collateral vessels in a young child with glaucoma is rare. The authors describe a case of collateral vessel regression with intraocular pressure reduction in a child with primary congenital glaucoma. Six months following 180° goniotomies in each eye, the intraocular pressure was reduced, dilation of the retinal arteries and veins resolved, and collateral vessels in both eyes regressed. Intraocular pressure reduction may lead to the regression of collateral vessels in children with primary congenital glaucoma. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:326-327.]

AUTHORS

From the Department of Ophthalmology, Scott and White Memorial Hospital and Clinic, The Texas A&M University System Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple, Texas.

Accepted for publication March 22, 2007.

Address correspondence to Steven D. Vold, MD, Boozman-Hof Regional Eye Clinic, 3737 West Walnut, Rogers, AR 72756.
Foveomacular Retinitis and Associated Optical Coherence Tomography Findings
Authors: Topouzis Fotis , Koskosas Archimidis , Pappas Theofanis , Anastasopoulos Eleftherios , Raptou Anastasia , Psilas Konstantinos
Published: October 2019

A 45-year-old man presented with clinical manifestations of foveomacular retinitis, including visual symptoms and foveal lesions characteristic of solar retinopathy, but repeated questions failed to elicit a history of sun gazing. Cross-sectional retinal images produced by optical coherence tomography revealed localized loss of retinal pigment epithelium cells in both eyes. A different pattern of reflectivity at the level of the photoreceptor layer was observed between the right and left eye, reflecting asymmetry in tissue damage. This case is described to provide additional evidence that solar retinopathy and foveomacular retinitis are the same entity and may also have common optical coherence tomography findings. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:333-335.]
AUTHORS
From the Laboratory of Research and Clinical Applications in Ophthalmology
(FT, AK, TP, EA, AR), II Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle
University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki; and the University Eye Clinic of
Ioannina (KP), Ioannina, Greece.
Accepted for publication December 12, 2006.
Address correspondence to Fotis Topouzis, MD, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,
II Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital “Papageorgiou”,
Periferiaki Odos Thessalonikis, N. Efkarpia 56403, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Postoperative Refractive Error of Secondary Intraocular Lens Implantation After Simultaneous Vitrectomy and Lensectomy
Authors: Hotta Kazuki
Published: October 2019

To determine postoperative refractive errors
of secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, this
study was performed in 42 eyes of 42 patients following
secondary IOL implantation fixed in the sulcus after
simultaneous vitrectomy and phacoemulsification
and aspiration. Controls were 138 eyes of 124 patients
with cataract who underwent phacoemulsification and
aspiration and IOL implantation. The spread between
expected and actual refraction (actual — expected) was
–0.81 ± 0.86 diopters (average ± standard deviation) in
the study group and 0.01 ± 0.91 diopters in the control
group (statistically significant, P < .001, Student's
t test). The actual refractive errors in the study subjects
were shifted toward myopia compared with the controls.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:
336-338.]
AUTHOR
From the Department of Ophthalmology, Kameda Medical Center, Chiba,
Japan.
Accepted for publication December 14, 2006.
Address correspondence to Kazuki Hotta, MD, 929 Higashi, Kamogawa,
Chiba 296-0041, Japan.
20-Gauge Transconjunctival Pars Plana Vitrectomy
Authors: Jorge Rodrigo , Gomes André Vieira , Siquiera Rubens C. , Costa Rogério A. , Scott Ingrid U.
Published: October 2019

This article describes a transconjunctival
technique for pars plana vitrectomy using 20-gauge
instruments. Sclerotomies are performed directly
through the conjunctiva, Tenon’s capsule, and sclera
with a 19-gauge microvitreoretinal blade. A sutureless
20-gauge infusion cannula is then inserted and pars
plana vitrectomy is performed in a standardized fashion
using 20-gauge instruments. Each sclerotomy and
its corresponding conjunctival incision is closed with a
single stitch using a 7-0 polyglactin suture. This transconjunctival
technique is a reasonable alternative surgical
approach to minimize surgical trauma of tissues
(eg, conjunctiva) and hasten postoperative recovery
without the additional risks and costs associated with
25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy. [Ophthalmic Surg
Lasers Imaging 2007;38:342-344.]
AUTHORS
From the Retina and Vitreous Section (RJ, RCS, RAC), Department of
Ophthalmology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo,
Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; the Retina and Vitreous Section (AVG), Suel Abujamra
Institute, and the Faculty of Medicine (AVG), University of São Paulo, São
Paulo, Brazil; and the Departments of Ophthalmology and Health Evaluation
Sciences (IUS), Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
Accepted for publication December 12, 2006.
Address correspondence to Rodrigo Jorge, MD, PhD, Departamento de
Oftalmologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da, Universidade de
São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP: 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto,
São Paulo, Brasil.
Combined 25- and 23-Gauge Surgery: A New Sutureless Vitrectomy Technique
Authors: Hubschman J. P. , Gonzales C. R. , Bourla D. H. , Gupta A. , Schwartz S. D.
Published: October 2019

The 25- and 23-gauge sutureless vitrectomy techniques decrease the surgical trauma and improve patients' postoperative comfort. The disadvantages of the 25-gauge system include pliable instrument and slower gel removal. The 23-gauge system provides faster speed of vitrectomy and the instruments have stiffer shafts, but it requires a larger incision. To circumvent some of these limitations, a new sutureless transconjunctival vitrectomy technique that combines 23- and 25-gauge cannulas and instruments was studied. Fifty-three patients underwent vitreoretinal surgery using two 25-gauge ports for the infusion and light probe and one 23-gauge port for the vitreous cutter and various instruments. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were noted and no cases required conversion to another technique. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007;38:345-348.]
AUTHORS
From the UCLA Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine,
Los Angeles, California.
Accepted for publication March 30, 2007.
Address correspondence to J. P. Hubschman, MD, 200 Stein Plaza, Los
Angeles, CA 90095.
Depression in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Living Alone in China: Association of Social Support Network and Functional Ability
Authors: Gu Libin , Yu Mingming , Xu Deguo , Wang Qiuling , Wang Wenru
Published: October 2019

Older adults who live alone are more likely to experience depressive symptoms compared to those who live with others. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression and identify its associated factors among community-dwelling older adults living alone in China. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted with a total of 172 older adults living alone in Nanjing city, Jiangsu province of mainland China. The prevalence of depression among this group of Chinese older adults was 18.6%. The possibility of depression among older adults who had social isolation risk was 2.59 times higher than those who had no such risk. Compared with older adults who had normal functional abilities, the possibility of depression was 3.31 times higher in older adults with mild functional impairments and 4.72 times higher in those with severe functional impairments. The results suggest that health care providers should develop effective interventions to help older adults living alone maintain their mental health by enhancing their functional abilities and increasing their social support networks and social engagement. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 13
(2), 82–90.]
L’OPECST au travail
Authors: Molinié Marie-Alix , Schultz Emilien
Published: October 2019

Depuis sa création en 1983, l’OPECST est missionné pour informer le Parlement sur les questions scientifiques et technologiques. Ainsi, le 11 février 2015, l’Office reçoit une saisine pour mener une étude sur les enjeux autours des nouvelles biotechnologies. À travers quelles étapes des parlementaires non-spécialistes s’engagent dans un processus d’enquête pour aboutir à l’écriture d’un rapport final sur un tel sujet ?
Study of Dynamic Behavior of Arresting Mechanism Used on Aircraft Carrier
Authors: Cotrumbă Mirela , Pintilie Alexandru , Rădoiu Viorel Bogdan
Published: October 2019

Although aircraft carriers operating in the seas have developed considerably from a constructive point of view, naval aviation continues to face significant challenges due to short runways, often in motion or unpredictable weather conditions, as a rule. This paper aims to analyze the concept of aircraft's rapid deceleration to landing, as well as to study the dynamic behavior of the aircraft restraint system used by aircraft carriers.
Robotic System for Determination of the Carbohydrates Content in Fruits and Vegetables
Authors: Micu Alexandra Elza , Tempea Iosif , Adâr George , Neacşa Marin
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we propose to use a spectrometer (SCIO) manipulated by a robotic arm to determine the carbohydrates content in fruits and vegetables. The vegetable products are moved on a conveyor belt according to the robotic process. In order to increase the economic efficiency, the robotic system can be placed in a detachable module that can be easily transported in various places for spectrometric analysis. After the analysis, the robotic system will place on the fruit / vegetable packaging a label containing information regarding the carbohydrates concentration in fruits / vegetables.
Influence of Cutting Parameters on the Temperature in Turning of Titanium Using Contact and Non-Contact Methods
Authors: Panduru Dumitru , Bica Marin , Patru Emil Nicusor , Craciunoiu Nicolae
Published: October 2019

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the temperature in turning process of a titanium bar, both with noncontact infrared thermometer and thermocouple. In order to have a comparative appreciation of the difference between the temperature measured with contact and noncontact methods, the determinations are graphically represent separately and on the same figure.
Experimental Studies Regarding the Influence of Cutting Parameters on Tool Temperature in Milling Process of Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Patru Emil Nicusor , Bica Marin , Panduru Dumitru , Craciunoiu Nicolae
Published: October 2019

In this paper, the authors present the influence of cutting parameters, depth of cut, rotational speed and speed feed on the process temperature for milling of three types of aluminum alloys. In order to measure the temperature, an adequate experimental setup was used. This experimental setup consists in a noncontact infrared thermometer.
On the Surface Roughness for the Dry Superfinishing Process of Carbide Inserts
Authors: Craciunoiu Nicolae , Tărâţă Daniela Florentina , Miritoiu Cosmin , Panduru Dumitru , Patru Emil Nicusor
Published: October 2019

The surface roughness of tool edge and surface can affect the friction, between the rake face and chips and also the cutting force and temperature. For this reasons, in order to assure a good quality, some experimental determinations, from point of view of rake face roughness, are presented in this paper. The results, as capture from a SEM microscope, and, graphically dependencies of roughness as function of process parameters, are presented.
Injection Behavior of some Biocomposite Feedstocks
Authors: Sima Gabriela , Daiguebonne Benjamin , Ciurezu-Gherghe Leonard Marius , Bucşe Ionela Gabriela , Schwarz Martin , Hajsz Tibor
Published: October 2019

Recent developments in the field of tissue engineering recommend the 3D printing to obtain the complex shape of the final alloplastic grafts (for soft or hard tissues). The medium pressure injection moulding (MEDPIM) technology could be a cost-effective alternative to 3D printing. This paper presents the first studies for the MEDPIM applicability in the case of some alloplastic bone grafts manufacturing. Two biocomposite feedstocks have been researched in order to obtain the injected parts (herein after named green parts). The Ti6Al4V respectively TiH2, both as powder particles, were mixed with hydroxyapatite (HAP) powders in the W 50 EHT measuring mixer. Both powder mixtures contain NaCl as foaming agent as well as some wax-based binders. The MEDPIM process is developed in the laboratory-scale device, designed and manufactured in the frame of the research project BONY. This device replicates, at lab-scale, the MEDPIM process developed by the Goceram MEDPIMOULD equipment, able to work at mass-production scale. The injection moulding tests were performed at the temperature range of 50…110°C, respectively at 30-45 MPa as injection pressure. The green parts quality was evaluated by means of the physical characteristics (dimensional and density measurements) as well as macroscopic evaluation using the stereomicroscope NIKON SMZ 745T. The influence of the biocomposite feedstock type as well as the injection temperature on the green pats quality is studied in this research.
Crlz-1 Controls Germinal Center Reaction by Relaying a Wnt Signal to the Bcl-6 Expression in Centroblasts during Humoral Immune Responses
Authors: Choi Seung Young , Pi Joo Hyun , Park Sung-Kyun , Kang Chang Joong
Published: October 2019

Crlz-1 was expressed along with Wnt3a in the rapidly proliferating centroblasts within the dark zone of germinal center (GC) during humoral immune responses. Significantly, Crlz-1 relayed a Wnt/β-catenin signal to the expression of Bcl-6, the master regulator of centroblasts, by mobilizing the cytoplasmic CBFβ into the nucleus to allow Runx/CBFβ heterodimerization and its subsequent binding to the Bcl-6 promoter. The knockdown of Crlz-1 or β-catenin, as well as inhibition of Wnt signaling in the centroblasts, led to the decreased expression of Bcl-6 and, thereby, the altered expression of its various target genes, resulting in their diminished proliferation. Consistently, the administration of Wnt inhibitors into the immunized mice impaired or abolished GC reaction, with concomitant decreases of Crlz-1 and Bcl-6 expression and, thus, centroblastic proliferation. Our observation that Wnt/β-catenin signaling via Crlz-1 regulates GC reaction would suggest developmental strategies for vaccine adjuvants and cancer therapeutics because both immune efficacy and accidental lymphoma depend on GC reaction. Our studies of Crlz-1 were performed using human cell lines, mice, and their primary cells.
Emotion and reasoning in human decision-making
Authors: Rolls Edmund T.
Published: October 2019

Two systems in the brain that are involved in emotional and economic decision-making are described. The first is an evolutionarily old emotion-based system that operates on rewards defined by the genes such as food, warmth, social reputation, and having children. Such decisions are often based on heuristics, such as being highly sensitive to losses, because a single loss might influence one's reproductive success. This is a multidimensional system with many rewards and punishers, all of which cannot be simultaneously optimized. The second route to decision-making involves reasoning, in which it is assumed that utility can be accurately assessed and logical reason can be applied, though the human brain is not naturally computationally good at logical assessment. When decisions are taken, all those factors apply, and in addition there is noise introduced into the system by the random firing times of neurons for a given mean firing rate. The implications for economic decision-making are described. In macroeconomics, it is assumed that the economy behaves like one “representative” agent who can take rational and logical decisions, and who can maximize utility over a constraint. Given the neuroscience of decision-making, the situation is more complex. The utility function may be multidimensional, the reward value along each dimension may fluctuate, the reasoning may be imperfect, and the decision-making process is subject to noise in the brain, making it somewhat random from occasion to occasion. Moreover, each individual has a different set of value functions along each dimension, with different sensitivities to different rewards and punishers, which are expressed in the different personalities of different individuals. These factors underlying the neuroscience of human decision-making need to be taken into account in building and utilizing macroeconomic theories.