bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimación de la tasa de cambio real de equilibrio: aplicación a Colombia
Authors: Silva Gonzalez Jaime
Published: June 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es reunir evidencia empírica para discernir el impacto de la tasa de cambio real sobre la economía colombiana durante el período 1990-2002. El problema a la hora de encontrar este impacto consiste en la estimación de la tasa de cambio real de equilibrio, aquella que es consistente con la obtención simultánea de los equilibrios externo e interno. En este sentido, para lograr este cometido se recurre al enfoque desarrollado por Edwards (1988). Este modelo identifica un conjunto de variables exógenas fundamentales que determinan los mencionados equilibrios. A partir de aquí se construye un modelo de forma reducida para Colombia que relaciona la tasa de cambio real con algunas de las variables propuestas en el modelo. Finalmente, se explica que la tasa de cambio real se aprecia con shocks positivos de la tasa de interés real y se deprecia con el alto servicio de la deuda, términos de intercambio volátiles, y la variable de formación bruta de capital.
El mercado de vivienda en Barranquilla y el sector externo de la economía
Authors: Garza Puentes Nestor Fernando , Tovar Vanegas Rafael
Published: June 2022

Este artículo explora a nivel teórico y empírico la relación entre el comportamiento del sector externo de la economía y el precio de vivienda en la ciudad de Barranquilla durante el período 1990-2005.Seenunciaqueelimpactodelcomercioexteriorlibre, entérminosde especialización y modificación del patrón de consumo, debe valorizar el precio de las mercancías no transables,y puesto que la vivienda,debido a su dependencia territorial del suelo urbano,es la mercancía no-transable por definición,su precio debería aumentar relativamente durante el período de apertura. El análisis realizado establece que los movimientos en la cuenta de capita les resultan mayores que los movimientos de la cuenta corriente y que,por consiguiente, debería encontrarse una relación estrecha entre el Índice de la Tasa de Cambio Real y el precio de la vivienda por m2. El resultado de una evaluación precisa a dicha estimación resultó, sin embargo, ambigua, y más si se tiene en cuenta el carácter agregado en términos geográficos de la información utilizada.
Oaxaca-Blinder wage decomposition: methods, critiques and applications. A literature review
Authors: Ospino Hernández Carlos , Roldán Vásquez Paola , Barraza Narváez Nacira
Published: June 2022

This document outlines a series of works developed over several decades – from the original and independent works of Blinder (1973) and Oaxaca (1973) - with the aim of facilitating the comprehension of the technique for wage decomposition and its methodological improvements and applications over time. Similarly, the analyzed applications serve as a guide for the development of work related to the estimation of wage gaps between groups of individuals and their causes.
The living past and self-made future: Li Dazhao’s metaphilosophy of history
Authors: Rogacz Dawid
Published: June 2022

The paper offers a reconstruction and re-evalutation of the philosophy of history developed by Li Dazhao (1889–1927) – one of the first Chinese Communists. It is argued that despite its marginal treatment in scholarly literature, Li’s philosophy stands out from the thought of other Chinese Marxists for its creative interpretation of historical materialism and a critical engagement with Marx’s view of class struggle and the economic base. Furthermore, in his philosophy of history, Li Dazhao innovatively draws on the Confucian idea of Great Unity (datong), Daoist criticism of heroism, and, most importantly, the concept of ‘life’ in Lebensphilosophie. In addition, the article shows that Li’s view of the historical process was consistently complemented with an exceptional meta-philosophy of history and the philosophy of historiography which shared the premises of the much later narrativist epistemology of history.
Metafilozofia negatywistycznej metafizyki unitarnej Leszka Nowaka
Authors: Kiedrowski Krzysztof
Published: June 2022

The theme of this paper is Leszek Nowak’s reconstruction and systematization of metaphilosophy of the negativistic unitarian metaphysics described in Being and Thought in four volumes, published in the years 1998, 2004, 2007, 2019. The goal of the article is to contribute to the discussion on the status of metaphilosophy. Metaphilosophy is understood here as a separate dimension of every philosophical conception determining, on the one hand, how we understand the realm of objects (what we postulate), on the other hand, how we choose methods for the construction of theories and ways to legitimize them. The author tries to show that Nowak’s metaphilosophy assumed in negativistic unitarian metaphysics meets exactly this definition of metaphilosophy.
Continuous wavelet transform of Schwartz distributions in 𝒟′(ℝ𝑛), 𝑛 ≤ 1
Authors: Pandey Jagdish N.
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we extend the continuous wavelet transform to Schwartz distributions inD′⁢(Rn)\mathcal{D}^{\prime}(\mathbb{R}^{n}),n≥1n\geq 1, and derive the corresponding wavelet inversion formula (valid modulo a constant distribution) interpreting convergence in the weak distributional sense. The kernel of our wavelet transform is an elementψ⁢(x)\psi(x)ofD⁢(Rn)\mathcal{D}(\mathbb{R}^{n}),n≥1n\geq 1, which, when integrated along each of the real axesX1,X2,X3,…,XnX_{1},X_{2},X_{3},\ldots,X_{n}vanishes, but none of its moments∫Rnψ⁢(x)⁢xm⁢dx\int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}}\psi(x)x^{m}\,dxis zero; herexm=x1m1⁢x2m2⁢…⁢xnmnx^{m}=x_{1}^{{m_{1}}}\,x_{2}^{{m_{2}}}\ldots x_{n}^{{m_{n}}},d⁢x=d⁢x1⁢d⁢x2⁢…⁢d⁢xndx=dx_{1}\,dx_{2}\ldots dx_{n}andm=(m1,m2,…,mn)m=(m_{1},m_{2},\ldots,m_{n})and each ofm1,m2,…,mnm_{1},m_{2},\ldots,m_{n}is at least 1. The set of such kernel will be denoted byDm⁢(Rn)\mathcal{D}_{m}(\mathbb{R}^{n}). But the uniqueness theorem for our wavelet inversion formula is valid for the spaceDF′⁢(Rn)\mathcal{D}_{F}^{\prime}(\mathbb{R}^{n})obtained by filtering (deleting) (i) all non-zero constant distributions from the spaceD′⁢(Rn)\mathcal{D}^{\prime}(\mathbb{R}^{n}), (ii) all non-zero constants that appear with a distribution as a union as for example forx12+x22+⋯⁢xn21+x12+x22+⋯⁢xn2=1-11+x12+x22+⋯⁢xn2\frac{x_{1}^{2}+x_{2}^{2}+\cdots x_{n}^{2}}{1+x_{1}^{2}+x_{2}^{2}+\cdots x_{n}^{2}}=1-\frac{1}{1+x_{1}^{2}+x_{2}^{2}+\cdots x_{n}^{2}}, 1 is deleted and-11+x12+x22+⋯⁢xn2\frac{-1}{1+x_{1}^{2}+x_{2}^{2}+\cdots x_{n}^{2}}is retained.
Analytical quality specifications in semen analysis according to the state of the current methodologies
Authors: Chenlo Patricia , Curi Susana , Ariagno Julia , Etchegoyen Cecilia , Girardi Raul , Mendeluk Gabriela
Published: June 2022

Objectives

The aim of this study was to establish analytical quality specifications for human semen measurands according to the state of the current methodologies.

Methods

Measurement errors were estimated based on data from participating laboratories in the External Quality Program (PEEC) led by the Argentine Biochemistry Foundation using the “Analytical Quality Minimum Specifications” model established in Spain for other biochemical collection parameters. Semen samples from the PEEC were analyzed according to WHO procedures.

Results

Analytical quality specifications were established according to the most recent results obtained by the External Quality Evaluation Program of the Fundación Bioquímica Argentina. Morphology, progressive motility, total motility and sperm concentration were 75%, 30%, 21% and 43%, respectively, for samples with assigned values between 6 and 15% of normal forms, 35–89% for progressive motility, 43–92% for total motility and for sperm count in the range of 1.8 × 106 –65 × 106 spermatozoa/mL.

Conclusions

Our allowable total error specification may affect medical conduct at certain dose levels, compromising clinical test validity. The measurement system employed is closely associated with the number of elements evaluated. The use of manual methods, where the fatigue of the operator counteracts their ability to evaluate a considerable number of elements, leads to errors typical of the poisson and binomial distribution characteristics of these measurands. This work reflects the laboratory performance in our region. The proposed specifications are a statement of minimums that every laboratory should comply with to ensure analytical performance of clinical utility with the current methodology available.
Design of a web laboratory interface for ECG signal analysis using MATLAB builder NE
Authors: Jaber Hussain A. , Aljobouri Hadeel K. , Çankaya Ilyas
Published: June 2022

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a noninvasive test, determining any defect in the heart rate or rhythm or changes in the shape of the QRS complex is very significant to detect cardiac arrhythmia. In this study, novel web-ECG simulation tools were proposed using MATLAB Builder NE with WebFigure and ASP.NET platform. The proposed web-ECG simulation tools consisted of two components. First, involved the analyses of normal real ECG signals by calculating the P, Q, R, S, and T values and detecting heart rate, while the second part related to extracting the futures of several types of abnormality real ECG. For calculating the PQRST values, simple and new mathematical equations are proposed in the current study using MATLAB. The Web ECG is capable to plot normal ECG signals and five arrhythmia cases, so the users are able to calculate PQRST easily using the proposed simple method. ECG simulation tools have been tested for validity and educational contributions with 62 undergraduate and graduate students at the Al-Nahrain University-Biomedical Engineering Department, Iraq. The proposed ECG simulation tools have been designed for academic learning to be run easily by a student using only any web browsers without the need for installing MATLAB or any extra programs. The proposed tools could provide a laboratory course for ECG signal analysis using a few buttons, as well as increase and develop the educational skills of students and researchers.
Classifying spaces for the family of virtually abelian subgroups of orientable 3-manifold groups
Authors: León Álvarez Porfirio L. , Sánchez Saldaña Luis Jorge
Published: June 2022

For a group G, let

ℱ
n

{\mathcal{F}_{n}}

be the family of all subgroups of G containing a subgroup of finite index isomorphic to

ℤ
r

{\mathbb{Z}^{r}}

for some

r
=

0
,
1
,
2
,
…
,
n

{r=0,1,2,\dots,n}

. Joecken, Lafont and Sánchez Saldaña computed the

ℱ
1

{\mathcal{F}_{1}}

-geometric dimension of 3-manifold groups. As a natural extension of the aforementioned result, the goal of this article is to compute the

ℱ
n

{\mathcal{F}_{n}}

-geometric dimension of 3-manifold groups for all

n
≥
2

{n\geq 2}

.
Representation by degenerate Frobenius–Euler polynomials
Authors: Kim Taekyun , Kim Dae San
Published: June 2022

The aim of this paper is to represent any polynomial in terms of degenerate Frobenius–Euler polynomials and, more generally, of higher-order degenerate Frobenius–Euler polynomials. Explicit formulas with the help of umbral calculus are derived and the obtained results are illustrated by some examples.
Carbothermal reduction of red mud for iron extraction and sodium removal
Authors: Feng Huaixuan , She Xue-feng , You Xiao-min , Zhang Guang-qing , Wang Jing-song , Xue Qing-guo
Published: June 2022

In this work, the technology of carbothermic reduction was used to extract iron and remove sodium from red mud. The effect of various parameters like reduction time, temperature, and basicity on melting separation and de-alkalization was studied. At the optimum reduction temperature of 1,450°C, the basicity of 1.5, and reduction time of 12 min, the metallization rate and sodium removal reach 96.63 and 90.62%, respectively. Melting and separating conditions gradually improve with the temperature increasing from 1,350 to 1,450°C. At high basicity (R = 2), the condition of melting and separation is poor due to a large amount of Ca2Al2SiO7 produced, which has a high melting point. Subsequently, in order to explore the aggregation state of iron ions under different basicities, the microstructure of pellets was observed by scanning electron microscopy. It was found that when the basicity is 1.5, the aggregation degree of iron particles significantly increases. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses of the reduced pellets indicated that at different basicities, the final phase composition of reduced pellets is mainly Ca2Al2SiO7, which is the basic material for preparing cement materials and glass ceramics. Thus, the carbothermic-reduction method is a sustainable process for dealing with the Bayer bauxite residue.
Hadamard’s example and solvability of the mixed Cauchy problem for the multidimensional Gellerstedt equation
Authors: Kalmenov Tynysbek S. , Rogovoy Alexander V. , Kabanikhin Sergey I.
Published: June 2022

In the theory of partial differential equations, an example constructed by J. Hadamard, which shows the instability of the solution of the Cauchy problem for the Laplace equation with respect to small changes in the initial data, is of great importance.
Hadamard’s example served as the beginning of a systematic study of ill-posed problems in mathematical physics.
On the other hand, the study of the Cauchy problem for the Laplace equation arises from problems of geophysics.
At the same time, the question arises whether the Cauchy problem is correct for other elliptic equations including degenerate elliptic equations.
We have constructed analogs of Hadamard’s example and established the incorrectness of the solution of the Cauchy problem for the Gellerstedt equation in two-dimensional and multidimensional cases. The condition of strong solvability of the mixed Cauchy problem for the multidimensional Gellerstedt equation in
a cylindrical domain is found. The proof is based on the spectral properties of the Laplace operator and the properties of special functions.
The effect of TaC and NbC hybrid and mono-nanoparticles on AA2024 nanocomposites: Microstructure, strengthening, and artificial aging
Authors: Moustafa Essam B. , Elsheikh Ammar H. , Taha Mohammed A.
Published: June 2022

The present work successfully incorporated the composite surface matrices of tantalum carbide (TaC) and niobium carbide (NbC) hybrids and mono-nanoparticles into wrought AA2024 using friction stir processing (FSP). The mechanical, electrical, and microstructural properties were analyzed and evaluated. The microstructure of the refined grains created during the FSP process was observed using polarized optical microscopy. Elongated grains were refined and equiaxed 33 times. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses showed good dispersion of the reinforcement nanoparticles in the base matrix. The mechanical properties of the hybrid AA2024/TaC_NbC nanocomposites, thus, the ultimate compressive stress showed an improvement of about 15.2, 16.7, and 20.6%, respectively, compared to the base alloy. Aging time significantly affected the hardness behavior of the hybrid nanocomposites; hence, a maximum value of 73% was reached compared to the base alloy. At the same time, the thermal expansion coefficient and electrical conductivity were reduced by 38.5 and 19.5%, respectively.
TOWARDS THE CREATION OF A DEVELOPMENTAL WELFARE STATE IN ZIMBABWE: AN INSIDE PERSPECTIVE ON THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Kurevakwesu Wilberforce , Dzoma Fanuel , Mundau Mulwayini , Magocha John Chiwanza , Chizasa Simbarashe , Takangovada Mary
Published: June 2022

In June 2020 the government of Zimbabwe issued a statement of intent towards embracing a developmental social welfare approach by changing the name of the Department of Social Welfare to the Department of Social Development. This has been a long-awaited move in the indigenisation of Zimbabwe’s social welfare services. However, despite such a strong and progressive commitment by the government, there is no clear framework on how the Department of Social Development plans to implement developmental social welfare services in Zimbabwe. It is this concern that we address as we take an ‘inside perspective’ on the work of the Department of Social Development towards explicating current programmes and services, and examine available information on how the Department intends to reorientate Zimbabwe’s social welfare system. We then offer recommendations that can be used by the DSD towards the creation of a developmental welfare state in Zimbabwe. Keywords: developmental social welfare, Department of Social Development indigenisation, social welfare, welfare state, social welfare services, Zimbabwe
BUILDING A COLLABORATIVE RELATIONSHIP WITH AN INVOLUNTARY PARENT IN CHILD PROTECTIVE SERVICES
Authors: Kallas Kristina , Toros Karmen , Falch-Eriksen Asgeir
Published: June 2022

Building a collaborative relationship with an involuntary parent is challenging; however, the worker-client relationship is essential to promoting the wellbeing of the child and family. This article describes a small-scale qualitative study conducted with child protective workers in one region of Estonia. Findings indicate that in order to encourage involuntary parents to participate, it was crucial to learn what was provoking their resistance. Recognition was used to establish a collaborative relationship with involuntary parents. To reduce the unequal distribution of power, the parent was recognised as an equal partner and negative feelings were validated and understood as a normal reaction to intervention. eywords: Child Protective Services, collaborative relationship, Estonia, involuntary parent, recognition, worker-client relationship
LOCAL ELECTIONS AND STAFFING OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Lypynska Olena , Balan Alla ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: June 2022

The article summarizes the world experience of holding local elections and provides requirements for candidates and participants in the election process. The relations that are formed between public authorities and territorial communities are investigated. The peculiarities of the representative bodies formation of local selfgovernment in a number of developed democracies are given. The foreign practice of holding local elections is compared and the basic principles and functions of local elections are revealed. Recommendations on borrowing foreign experience in the formation of local government in Ukraine are given. The article analyzes Ukrainian legislation on local elections and local selfgovernment staffing.
CURRENT STATE AND TRENDS OF DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN ENTERPRISES OF IT-INDUSTRY IN TERMS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONS
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Sukurova Natalya , Plevako Nataliia ,   State University of Telecommunications
Published: June 2022

This article researches the current state and main trends of development of IT industry in Ukraine and the world terms of digital transformation of economy and society as a hole. The rapid dynamic development of the researched industry is proved, the main international rankings are analyzed, which testify the level of development of IT sphere in different countries of the world and in Ukraine in particular. The reasons influencing Ukraine's position in the considered ratings are found out. The state of IT industry of Ukraine as a whole is studied and the main problems that hinder its development are identified. Based on the research made, a number of measures are proposed that should have a positive impact on the development of Ukraine's IT sector and solve existing problems.
THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors:   International Humanitarian University, Martyniuk Olena
Published: June 2022

The article examines the problematic issues of determining IT technologies and digital technologies in the context of their impact on the development of society and geo-economic processes, which determined the need to form new standards of business ethics, business rules, and business communication, that is, the formation of new standards of social responsibility of business. The author's definition and classification of technologies, and their features, formed on a functional and technological basis into classes: a class of information production technologies, a class of Internet technologies, a class of network technologies, a class of artificial intelligence technologies are given. Structural changes in digitalization that have already influenced the digitalization of business and which need to be actively implemented are considered. It also explored how the development of hard and soft infrastructure affects the development of the digital economy, an increase in GDP and the development of Ukraine as a whole.
FORMATION OF CRITERIA OF THE AUDITOR’S TRUST IN THE INDEPENDENT APPRAISER DURING THE AUDIT OF ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
Authors:   Оdessa National Economic University, Volchek Ruslan
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the issue of taking into account the instructions of ISA 620 "Using the work of an auditor’s expert" when auditing the public financial statements of Ukrainian enterprises. Methodological tools have been developed in order to identify audit risks of material misstatement and non-disclosure during the audit of the valuation of assets and liabilities of the enterprise, performed by an independent appraiser. Recommendations are provided, the use of which will allow to valuate the compliance of the independent appraiser's goals with the auditor's goals when checking the objectivity of the assessment of accounting objects under conditions of sustainable development and in the presence of signs of violation of the principle of business continuity.
ELECTRONIC MONEY (E-MONEY) AS A NEW FORM OF FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE ECONOMY AND SOCIETY
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Goloborodko Alona , Lehominova Svitlana ,   State University of Telecommunications
Published: June 2022

The impact of the development of the digital economy on reformatting the spheres of economic and public life is determined. It is revealed that the significant weight of financial and economic relations in the field of exchange, distribution and redistribution processes, which are manifested in cash flows, began to be occupied by transactions of electronic commodity-money circulation, requiring updated financial relations and providing for the formation and organization of payment systems, instruments based on the circulation of electronic money. The essence of electronic money, its subspecies has been clarified, the scope of application has been determined It is noted that in order to provide an updated path for the development of financial and economic relations, new payment systems are being formed, which, competing with each other, create more efficient and convenient platforms for making electronic payments.
CONCEPTS, FEATURES, TYPES OF STATE BODIES AND FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Hratsiotova Hanna , Gordinskyi Sergiy ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Demianiuk Alina ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: June 2022

This article deals with the basic concepts of state bodies and their types, describes the state bodies features, their classification and structure, the basic functions identification, as well as modern problems of state bodies. The forms of government are analyzed, namely, their historical aspect, the main characteristics and principles of government. The main directions of state power in Ukraine are revealed, the problems of state-building processes are described. The state bodies characteristic of Ukraine is given, and it is also described also the types of the government forms in Ukraine. It will optimize the legal regulation of civil service relations in all branches of government, public activity, the local self-government system, in the entire system of public service.
GENERALIZATION OF APPROACHES TO THE CREATION OF AN INTEGRAL SYSTEM FOR EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF INNOVATION AND INVESTMENT PROCESSES
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Zakharchenko Vitaliy , Lykhashchenko Kateryna ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: June 2022

An approach to the formation of an integrated system for evaluating the effectiveness of technical re-equipment of industrial enterprises, restructuring or reconstruction of its main production based on the implementation of innovation and investment projects through the use of generally accepted international methods of evaluating the effectiveness of projects in domestic conditions.The use of an integrated system for evaluating the effectiveness of innovation and investment processes in an industrial enterprise consists of the following stages: analysis of the existing situation, identification of possible directions of development, analysis of existing equipment, formation of many planned productions of innovative products, definition of project efficiency criteria. determination of the optimal load, the choice of advanced technology, the determination of the optimal capacity of the new technology, the choice of the optimal structure of the enterprise.
FORMATION OF METHODICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL INNOVATIONS AT SEPARATE STAGES OF THE PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE
Authors:   National Technical University ", Martynenko Alina ,   Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Pererva Petr ,   National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute"
Published: June 2022

The article presents methodological recommendations for the assessment of industrial innovations at separate stages of the product life cycle, which allow industrial enterprises to solve a number of important theoretical and applied problems, namely: to compare innovative products and choose the most effective ones, to make sound management decisions on new product development, modernization of existing and removal of obsolete ones, affect to expectancy of innovative product life cycle to achieve the maximum of profits and determine the point of transition of the product from one stage of the life cycle to another, which will allow companies to determine their strategic, tactical and operational plans for innovative development.
Pedagogical Study of Manifestations of Resilience in Adolescents at Risk
Authors:   Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Faizullina Kseniya A.
Published: June 2022

This paper presents the results of a pedagogical study of the manifestations of resilience in adolescents at risk, and also describes the procedure for diagnosing the components of the phenomenon under study: an adequate assessment of the risk situation, moral stability, and resistance to the negative impact of social risk factors using situational analysis. The purpose of the article is to study the manifestations of resilience in adolescents at risk, as well as to identify the correlation between the results obtained and the results of external valid methods. Methodology and research methods. The study is based on the author’s methodology for studying the manifestations of resilience in adolescents at the cognitive (adequate assessment of the risk situation), emotional (moral stability), activity (resistance to the negative influence of social risk factors) levels. To identify the correlation dependence of the results of the methodology for studying the manifestations of resilience in adolescents using data from external valid methods, the study used such well-known diagnostic tools as «Value Orientations» (M. Rokeach), «Studying the manifestations of spiritual and moral character traits of children» (N. F. Yakovleva), a questionnaire of socio-psychological adaptation (R. Diamond, K. Rogers, adapted by T.V. Snegireva). Research results, discussion. Pedagogical study of manifestations of resilience in adolescents at risk was carried out in the course of peer review and self-assessment using situational analysis. The content of the cases reflected the threats of family, school social risk factors, media factors, including the Internet and social networks. In conclusion, the conclusion is drawn that the participants in the experimental group have a predominantly low level of hardiness, which does not allow them to carry out an adequate assessment of the risk situation, maintain moral stability in a risky situation, and show resistance to the negative impact of social risk factors. The correlation of the obtained results of studying the manifestations of resilience in adolescents at risk and phenomena, to one degree or another associated with resilience, made it possible to identify their correlation.
Pedagogical System of Incentives in Parental labor
Authors:   Kadyrov Chechen State University, Ekhaeva Raisa M. , Yarychev Nasrudi U. ,   Kadyrov Chechen State University
Published: June 2022

The article actualizes labor management in the context of considering the pedagogical system of stimulating parental labor. The author draws attention to the ways of correcting existing relationships in the family, forms, methods and means of raising children at the present time. The sources cited in this article reflect the current point of view on the problem under study. It is important in the article to consider the works of psychologists, in which models and styles of parental behavior, types of relationships, the formation of the foundations of parental behavior, psychological attitudes to parental work and pedagogical positions of parents were studied. The author claims that labor management is carried out with the help of economic, administrative-managerial and socio-psychological methods. The paper also proves the potential for widespread use by educational organizations of socio-psychological methods, in particular methods of support and encouragement. The purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the pedagogical systems of stimulating parental labor available in theoretical and practical terms, as well as evaluating their activities. Methodology. The study was conducted on the basis of the theory of human resources with the use of activity, humanistic and culturological approaches and management methods: incentives (economic, administrative, managerial and socio-psychological). In conclusion, it is concluded that the use of methods of stimulating parental labor in the educational environment currently remains poorly understood, the development of a system of stimulating parental labor should be carried out taking into account the preferences of the parent community.
Motivation of Future Doctors to Master the Skills of Foreign-Language Professional Communication
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V. P. Astafiev, Yanova Marina G. , Tsarskaya Tatyana S. ,   Surgut State University
Published: June 2022

Problem and purpose. The article actualizes the problem of forming the skills of foreign-language professional communication in future doctors. The aim of the article is to study the motivation of future doctors to master the skills of foreign-language professional communication by means of diagnostic tools application. Methodology. In order to study motivation of future doctors in the direction of “General Medicine” and “Pediatrics” training for mastering skills of foreign language professional communication the method of questioning was used. Periods of conducting and number of respondents: 2018 – 120 respondents; 2019 – 109 respondents; 2020 – 179 respondents; 2021 – 180 respondents. The total number of respondents for the entire period is 588 people. Motivation diagnostics was carried out on the basis of questionnaire to determine social, personal and communicative motives to master a foreign language by E. I. Passova, N. D. Galskova, the adapted methods of studying motivation in high school by T. Ilyina. Resuming the diagnostic work to determine the motivation for forming foreign language professional communication skills in future doctors revealed that: according to the questionnaire of E. I. Passova, N. D. Galskova the percentage of future doctors who claim that a foreign language will be useful to them in their future life and profession from 2018 to 2021 were 79–81 %; according to the adapted method of T. I. Ilyina from 2018 to 2021, the following results were obtained: the indicator “desire to acquire knowledge in a foreign language” from 2018 to 2021 was 73–83%; the indicator “the desire to master the professional skills of foreign language communication” – 75–82 %. The high percentage indicates the adequate attitude of most of the students of medical training in the specialities “General Medicine”, “Pediatrics” to mastering the skills of foreign-language professional communication.
Problems and Prospects of Formation of Readiness for Physical Self-improvement of Cadets of the University
Authors:   Saratov State University, Aleksandrova Natalya A. , Shkapov Pavel Yu. ,   Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Published: June 2022

The article presents a study of the problems and prospects of formation of readiness for physical self-improvement of cadets and students of higher education institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, considers a three-component structure of readiness for the implementation of any activity, reveals the readiness of a cadet for physical self-improvement from the standpoint of professional readiness, analyzes the results of the survey, formulates the problems identified in as a result of studying the answers of respondents. The article is focused on experimental and pedagogical research of potential problems (external and internal) of students’ professional self-improvement. Methodology. The theoretical basis of the work was the study of the problems of forming personnel of the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for various areas of professional activity (A. V. Barabanshchikov, V. N. Gerasimov, V. P. Davydov, G. A. Davydov, A. I. Kamenev, N. N. Konyukhov, N. F. Fedenko), aspects of the formation of readiness of military personnel (I. A. Lipsky, V. A. Mikhailovsky, P. A. Korchemny, L. G. Laptev), readiness to carry out any type of professional activity, having a three-component structure (G. A. Bokareva, M. I. Dyachenko, L. A. Kandybovich, O. A., Kozlov, L. G. Laptev, A. K. Markova). Works in the field of readiness for military-professional self-improvement (G. A. Volkovitsky, I. V. Biochinsky, Yu. V. Mukhanov), studying the aspects of professional readiness (V. G. Astafiev, V. P. Bespalko, G. A. Krushnina, T. D. Kalistratova, A. M. Mitina, G. K. Parinova, V. A. Slastenin, N. A. Sorokina). The article concludes about the need of students for self-improvement, but at the same time, about the lack of psychological and pedagogical support for self-improvement of a cadet in formal and non-formal education. The problems of uniformity of forms and methods of teaching the cycle of physical culture disciplines along with the proven effectiveness of interactive pedagogical technologies were revealed. There is definitely a problem in the absence of a system of teaching the basics of self-organization and self-improvement.
A retrospective analysis of endocrine disease in sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase insufficiency: case series and literature review
Authors: Maharaj Avinaash , Kwong Ruth , Williams Jack , Smith Christopher , Storr Helen , Krone Ruth , Braslavsky Debora , Clemente Maria , Ram Nanik , Banerjee Indraneel , Çetinkaya Semra , Buonocore Federica , Güran Tülay , Achermann John C , Metherell Louise , Prasad Rathi
Published: June 2022

Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (SGPL1) insufficiency syndrome (SPLIS) is an autosomal recessive multi-system disorder, which mainly incorporates steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and primary adrenal insufficiency. Other variable endocrine manifestations are described. In this study, we aimed to comprehensively annotate the endocrinopathies associated with pathogenic SGPL1 variants and assess for genotype–phenotype correlations by retrospectively reviewing the reports of endocrine disease within our patient cohort and all published cases in the wider literature up to February 2022. Glucocorticoid insufficiency in early childhood is the most common endocrine manifestation affecting 64% of the 50 patients reported with SPLIS, and a third of these individuals have additional mineralocorticoid deficiency. While most individuals also have nephrotic syndrome, SGPL1 variants also account for isolated adrenal insufficiency at presentation. Primary gonadal insufficiency, manifesting with microphallus and cryptorchidism, is reported in less than one-third of affected boys, all with concomitant adrenal disease. Mild primary hypothyroidism affects approximately a third of patients. There is paucity of data on the impact of SGPL1 deficiency on growth, and pubertal development, limited by the early and high mortality rate (approximately 50%). There is no clear genotype–phenotype correlation overall in the syndrome, with variable disease penetrance within individual kindreds. However, with regards to endocrine phenotype, the most prevalent disease variant p.R222Q (affecting 22%) is most consistently associated with isolated glucocorticoid deficiency.
To conclude, SPLIS is associated with significant multiple endocrine disorders. While endocrinopathy in the syndrome generally presents in infancy, late-onset disease also occurs. Screening for these is therefore warranted both at diagnosis and through follow-up.
Resting energy expenditure in children at risk of hypothalamic dysfunction
Authors: Van Schaik J , Burghard M , Lequin M H , van Maren E A , van Dijk A M , Takken T , Rehorst-Kleinlugtenbelt L B , Bakker B , Meijer L , Hoving E W , Fiocco M , Schouten-van Meeteren A Y N , Tissing W J E , van Santen H M
Published: June 2022

Objective

Children with suprasellar brain damage are at risk of hypothalamic dysfunction (HD). HD may lead to decreased resting energy expenditure (REE). Decreased REE, however, is not present in all children with HD. Our aim was to assess which children suspect for HD have low REE, and its association with clinical severity of HD or radiological hypothalamic damage.

Patients and methods

A retrospective cohort study was performed. Measured REE (mREE) of children at risk of HD was compared to predicted REE (pREE). Low REE was defined as mREE <90% of predicted. The mREE/pREE quotient was associated to a clinical score for HD symptoms and to radiological hypothalamic damage.

Results

In total, 67 children at risk of HD (96% brain tumor diagnosis) with a mean BMI SDS of +2.3 ± 1.0 were included. Of these, 45 (67.2%) had low mREE. Children with severe HD had a significant lower mean mREE/pREE quotient compared to children with no, mild, or moderate HD. Mean mREE/pREE quotient of children with posterior hypothalamic damage was significantly lower compared to children with no or anterior damage. Tumor progression or tumor recurrence, severe clinical HD, and panhypopituitarism with diabetes insipidus (DI) were significant risk factors for reduced REE.

Conclusion

REE may be lowered in children with hypothalamic damage and is associated to the degree of clinical HD. REE is, however, not lowered in all children suspect for HD. For children with mild or moderate clinical HD symptoms, REE measurements may be useful to distinguish between those who may benefit from obesity treatment that increases REE from those who would be better helped using other obesity interventions.
Potential pitfalls in diagnosis of immunotherapy-induced hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis abnormalities: a clinical case
Authors: Bi Yixi , Adam Safwaan , Chatzimavridou Viktoria , Lorigan Paul , Huang Yinglai
Published: June 2022

Short synacthen tests (SST) are frequently used for assessing adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) deficiency. In this study, we present the case of a 53-year-old man receiving immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma, who subsequently developed immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced hypothyroidism and was investigated for the presence of ICI-induced hypocortisolaemia on different occasions. Despite two reassuring SSTs, he subsequently developed clinical and biochemical evidence of ACTH deficiency. The ACTH on local measurement was not conclusive in keeping with ICI-related ACTH deficiency but when repeated using an alternative assay confirmed the diagnosis. The case illustrates the evolution of ACTH deficiency and exposes the potential pitfalls of screening strategies. Two important lessons may be gleaned from this case: (i) SSTs can be normal in early cases of secondary adrenal insufficiency, for example, hypophysitis due to adrenal reserve and (ii) when there is mismatch between the clinical and biochemical presentation, the ACTH should be repeated using a different assay.

Learning points

Short synacthen tests, useful for ruling out adrenalitis and primary adrenal failure, may be normal in early adrenocorticotrophic hormone deficiency and secondary adrenal failure due to residual adrenal reserve.

If clinical suspicion of adrenal insufficiency persists despite an initial satisfactory SST, it is important to recognise the need for re-assessment of cortisol levels.

Insulin tolerance test remains a useful tool in the investigation of secondary adrenal insufficiency.

Levothyroxine replacement may accelerate the metabolism of cortisol in cases of concurrent hypothyroidism and hypoadrenalism, and therefore, glucocorticoid replacement must precede levothyroxine treatment, to avoid adrenal crisis.

The prevalence of immunotherapy-related endocrinopathies is likely to increase with increasing use of ICI and it is crucial that clinicians are alert to their subtle symptoms.
Foreign Direct Investment and the Robustness of Host-Country Commitment
Authors: Shahnawaz Shaikh
Published: June 2022

This paper presents a model of a forward-looking government wooing foreign direct investment by enacting policies that reflect its commitment to the foreign enterprise. The ease with which the government is able to spend or carry out economic reform to complement the foreign venture evolves over time and influences the likelihood of its sustained commitment. The domestic and external strength of the government, the stability and not necessarily the level of returns from the project, venture-specificity of government spending or reform, and public and elite attitudes toward foreign commercial entry determine how invested the government remains in the long term success of the enterprise. More committed governments tend to be stronger and prefer robust investor-regime relationships. Reform that is not designed too narrowly to favor the investor is also less likely to be reversed later. Like pro-FDI public sentiment, a noisy policy environment induces deeper government commitment.
Analysis of the vocational orientation in the educational units of Ecuador
Authors: Santana Sardi Gustavo Adolfo
Published: June 2022

Vocational Guidance, in secondary education, takes on a relevant value because it is the moment in which students must take good decision-making to choose their professional career, it is for this reason that the vocational and professional guidance processes need to be taken into account within the educational units with the dedication that these deserve. The objective of this research is to analyze the Vocational Guidance in the Educational Units of Ecuador, so the research is documentary where different theories of various authors were used to give the respective analysis. From this perspective, the development of this documentary article is justified by the need to substantiate the importance of vocational guidance in the educational units, where many of the cited authors converge on the idea of prioritizing said professional intervention, so that students discover definitively their abilities, capacities and work potentialities that are decisive in the choice of a profession.
VALIDATION OF REMOTE MEASUREMENT OF RAIN CHARACTERISTICS BY THE METHOD OF DOUBLE FREQUENCY RADAR SENSING
Authors:   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU, Linkova А. М. , Mogyla A. A. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU, Rudnev H. O. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU, Kantsedal V. M. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU, Khomenko S. I. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU
Published: June 2022

Subject and Purpose. Th e development of radar methods for measuring liquid-drop precipitation characteristics is of great importance for studying physical processes in the atmosphere and for lots of applied problems to be solved. At the same time, an experimental research of these methods in situ is essential to determine their frames and scope and estimate retrieval errors of the rain parameters. The purpose of the work is to evaluate eff ectiveness of the previously proposed method that is based on the parametrization of the distribution function of drops by size, uses averaged touch-probing data of the three-parameter gamma distribution of the parameters versus the rain intensity, and employs the double-frequency method of precipitation remote sensing. For its validation, the rain intensity results obtained by the radar sensing are compared with the data taken from the ground raingauge. Methods and Methodology. Th e measurement results gained by the proposed method are compared with the measurement results obtained by the standard technique. Results. An experimental study using the previously developed algorithm and with a refi ned double-frequency weather radar MRL-1 has been given to the double-frequency sensing of liquid-drop precipitation. Th e obtained results show that the proposed data processing algorithm for double-frequency sensing of liquid-drop precipitation is good at the rain intensity retrieval and makes it possible to estimate liquid precipitation amounts over long periods of time. Conclusion. Th e rain intensity measured with the use of meteo radar almost completely coincides, both qualitatively and quantitatively, with the data from the ground raingauge. Th e algorithm proposed by the authors for processing double-frequency radar sensing data on liquid-drop precipitation retrieves the rain intensity and, also, evaluates liquid-drop precipitation amounts.
Правові аспекти протидії російській агресії та відновлення територіальної цілісності України
Authors: Кресін Олексій Веніамінович
Published: June 2022

У статті розглянуто питання протидії російській агресії, відновлення територіальної цілісності України, захисту прав громадян України в умовах війни й окупації, притягнення до юридичної відповідальності держави-агресора, а також осіб і організацій, винних у скоєнні воєнних злочинів, колабораційній та іншій антидержавній діяльності тощо. Запропоновано організаційно-правові рішення щодо розробки цих питань установами НАН України.
Щодо наслідків тимчасової окупації території зони відчуження Чорнобильської АЕС
Authors: Носовський Анатолій Володимирович
Published: June 2022

У доповіді зазначено, що дії російських загарбників на території зони відчуження Чорнобильської АЕС створили реальні загрози світовій ядерній безпеці, завдали великої шкоди і збитків спорудам, лабораторному, офісному і технічному обладнанню. Інститут проблем безпеки атомних електростанцій НАН України виступив з ініціативою щодо створення міжнародного благодійного фонду для відновлення втраченого внаслідок російської воєнної агресії обладнання унікальних лабораторій з комплексного дослідження наукових проблем ядерної та радіаційної безпеки.