bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monnaie et capital Contributions du Capital au XXIe siècle à l’histoire et à la théorie monétaires
Authors: Monnet Éric
Published: November 2015

Comme beaucoup d’économistes et d’historiens avant lui, Thomas Piketty inclut la monnaiedans sa définition du capital (patrimoine). Cela l’oblige à effectuer une distinction importante entre actifs réels et actifs nominaux, notamment pour comprendre le rôle distributive de l’inflation sur le capital. Le présent article compare d’abord l’approche de l’ouvrage à celles d’autres théories économiques qui distinguent monnaie et capital, et montre ensuite que le rôle et la part de la monnaie au sein du capital ne peuvent être négligés historiquement. Il est essentiel d’étudier les potentiels effets de substitution entre actifs monétaires et actifs non monétaires pour comprendre la dynamique historique du capital et les effets de la taxation de celui-ci.
L’histoire scolaire, une matière indisciplinée
Authors: Cock Laurence De
Published: November 2015

Cet article montre qu’une discipline scolaire n’est pas le simple calque des savoirs scientifiques. Il interroge l’articulation entre les savoirs savants et scolaires depuis que la fin du XIXe siècle a assigné à l’enseignement de l’histoire la tâche de participer à l’édification d’une culture commune nationale. C’est en mobilisant des outils de sciences sociales que l’on peut mesurer la complexité de l’histoire scolaire. Ainsi, les procès qui sont régulièrement faits à l’enseignement de l’histoire à l’école relèvent d’une compréhension galvaudée de sa nature et de ses finalités.
Thomas Piketty en Amérique
Authors: Barreyre Nicolas
Published: November 2015

Cet essai propose une lecture duCapital au XXIesiècle, avec une perspective ancrée dans les États-Unis au XIXesiècle. Il explore certaines des pistes que le livre de Thomas Piketty et sa réception américaine suggèrent pour repenser l’histoire de la jeune république, et en tire en retour des éléments pour prolonger et infléchir ses conclusions, notamment sur le rôle du politique dans les processus au coeur de l’analyse de l’accroissement des inégalités dans le capitalisme moderne.
Vers une histoire politique du capital ?
Authors: Delalande Nicolas
Published: November 2015

La question des liens entre l’analyse économique et l’action politique est un élément central du Capital au XXIe siècle et de toute approche se revendiquant de l’économie politique. Pour autant, la nature de ces liens ne paraît pas toujours clairement explicitée dans l’ouvrage de Thomas Piketty. Cette lecture critique entend donc ouvrir trois points de discussion, à lumière de l’histoire et de la science politique. Les politiques fiscales de réduction des inégalités apparues au XXe siècle sont-elles de simples accidents de l’histoire et, si oui, comment penser leur avenir ? Au nom de quels principes la tendance inégalitaire du capitalism pourrait-elle être corrigée en l’absence de tout système de substitution ? Enfin, la délibération démocratique que T. Piketty appelle de ses voeux n’est-elle pas déjà profondément altérée par les logiques économiques que son livre met au jour ? Une histoire politique du capital paraît plus que jamais nécessaire.
Un tournant pédagogique dans la formation des enseignants Le cas du Capes d’histoire-géographie
Authors: Delacroix Christian
Published: November 2015

Les questions soulevées par les rapports entre recherche et enseignement de l’histoire, entre le « scientifique » et le « pédagogique », sont de nouveau d’actualité avec la réforme en cours de la formation des enseignants. Menée dans le cadre du projet de « Refondation de l’école » lancé par Vincent Peillon en 2012, elle entend mettre la démarche pédagogique et la professionnalisation au coeur de la réforme. L’article se propose d’analyser quelquesuns des enjeux de ce « tournant pédagogique » de la formation des enseignants d’histoiregéographie en France au regard notamment des interrogations renouvelées sur la fonction sociale de l’histoire ainsi que des difficultés récurrentes et des réticences, dans la discipline, à articuler « scientifique » et « pédagogique ».
Vers une économie politique et historique Réflexions sur le capital au XXIe siècle
Authors: Piketty Thomas
Published: November 2015

Cet article tente de clarifier certains points soulevés dans mon livre Le capital au XXIe siècle. En particulier, j’essaie dans cet ouvrage de poser des jalons en vue d’une histoire multidimensionnelle du capital et des relations de pouvoir entre classes sociales. J’étudie la façon dont les différentes formes de possession engendrent des structures inégalitaires et des compromis sociaux et institutionnels spécifiques.
Capital, reproduction sociale et fabrique des inégalités
Authors: Spire Alexis
Published: November 2015

L’ouvrage de Thomas Piketty Le capital au XXIe siècle a le grand mérite de proposer une analyse globale des inégalités qui compare les pays et les périodes. La définition des classes sociales qu’il propose néglige néanmoins l’importance du capital culturel. De plus, le rôle des mouvements sociaux reste relativement marginal dans sa démonstration. Il privilégie l’outil fiscal sur toute autre forme de régulation. Ce livre très novateur ouvre toutefois d’importantes perspectives de recherches pour la sociologie politique.
De la didactique à l’épistémologie de l’histoire : une réflexivité partagée
Authors: Girault Bénédicte
Published: November 2015

Derrière la difficile articulation de la professionnalisation de la formation des enseignants et des espaces de production des savoirs scientifiques et disciplinaires se pose la question de la nature de la recherche historique en jeu. L’article propose de faire des pratiques réflexives du métier d’historien et de l’enseignant praticien le point de rencontre des problématiques scientifiques, didactiques et pédagogiques dans le secondaire et à l’université. En termes de formation, cela suppose de penser conjointement maîtrise des connaissances et expérience personnelle de la recherche et de l’écriture de l’histoire dès le début de l’apprentissage historique universitaire.
The Responsibilization of Refugees in the United States: On the Political Uses of Psychology
Authors: Uehling Greta
Published: November 2015

Contemporary theorizing about refugees has centered on the refugee as a victim of disciplinary coercion and a focus, especially in camps, of biopolitical control. This article expands that line of inquiry in a different direction by closely considering the interstitial space between refugee service providers and their clients. Analytics of governmentality reveal not the victimization but the responsibilization of refugees through orientation programs that utilize psychology to attain political and economic objectives. Relationship education programs provide an additional site for reconfiguring gendered domains, entailing technologies of the self that encourage refugees to rethink intimacy. This individualized and psychologized framework is especially clear in refugees’ encounter with services providers who focus on intimate partner violence. While some seek to change refugees’ “whole concept of the world,” refugees maintain their ability to establish hybridized identities and define normal for themselves.
Marrying Transnational, Desiring Local: Making “Marriageable Others” in Japanese–Chinese Cross-border Matchmaking
Authors: Yamaura Chigusa
Published: November 2015

This article examines cross-border marriages by analyzing the phenomenon in terms of negotiations of marriageability between Japan and China. It focuses on the commercial matchmaking practices between a transnational marriage agency in Tokyo and Dongyang in northeast China. Regardless of the participants’ initial hesitation to engage in transnational matchmaking practices, I argue that it was the negotiation of local marital norms on a transnational scale that rendered participants marriageable to one another. Specifically, I demonstrate how the brokers and participants in these practices negotiated the cultural boundaries of marriageability—by constructing and reproducing essentialized similarities and proximities—within local–global contexts. On the one hand, the Japanese men involved sought to frame Chinese prospects as “almost Japanese brides” so that their marriages would be “almost national endogamous marriages.” The Chinese women, on the other hand, attempted to marry off and into a “proximate” community where many friends had already wed. By both relying on and stretching local marital values, they engaged in flexible imaginings of marital norms on a transnational scale while simultaneously reaffirming them at the local level. Ultimately, this article provides an alternative framework with which to analyze transnational marriages based not on desires for either “difference” or ethnic “sameness,” but on “similarity” and “proximity” in a way that tactically negotiates boundaries of appropriate and inappropriate relationships.
Sacrifice After Mandela: Liberalism and Liberation Among South Africa’s First Post-apartheid Generation
Authors: Chance Kerry Ryan
Published: November 2015

This article examines sacrifice in a post-Mandela South Africa. Twenty years since the fall of apartheid, South Africa remains one of the world’s most unequal societies. From street protests to labor strikes to xenophobic pogroms, dissatisfaction with current socio-economic conditions is being expressed through urban unrest, particularly in townships and shack settlements. This article analyzes an emerging idiom of “sacrifice” among youth activists in response to deaths and injuries sustained during recent street protests. I argue that this idiom draws from understandings of liberation and liberalization , from popular imaginaries of the anti-apartheid struggle, and from processes associated with South Africa’s democratic transition. Broadly, I suggest that sacrifice under liberalism reveals the blurring boundaries between “the gift” and “the market” in political life.
Ethnographies of Reading: Beyond Literacy and Books
Authors: Rosen Matthew
Published: November 2015

This social thought and commentary makes an argument for ethnographies of reading in an age of widespread literacy and global communication. The choice of method I propose is to start with the concrete practices of everyday readers. To situate this proposal in a specific ethnographic context, I draw on material from my research among a community of readers who spend time in a network of “footpath libraries” (vāchanālaya) in Pune, India. I then step back from ethnographic reporting to consider the topic of reading more broadly as an object of anthropology. I begin by situating the ethnography of reading in a range of everyday sites and historical locations. I next trace a condensed history of reading as a topic in anthropology—from its absence by definition in the foundation of a discipline that would study “the people without writing” to its emergence in the 1990s as a legitimate area of research. The discussion concludes with an analysis of the social reading of a “human-interest story” appearing in a Pune newspaper. My aim here is to show how the ethnography of ordinary reading can yield unexpected insights into larger issues—in this case, the changing social fabric of a once-provincial city in western India.
On Not Dating Just Anybody: The Politics and Poetics of Flirting in a Post-war City
Authors: Hromadžić Azra
Published: November 2015

This article is an ethnographic investigation of mixing and flirting among ethnically divided youth in the Bosnian and Herzegovinian city of Mostar. Building on more than 18 months of ethnographic fieldwork and my already published works, I focus on how young people at the famous Mostar Gymnasium and beyond engage in flirting across ethnic lines to negotiate and eventually reassert boundaries and coordinates of difference. The article describes numerous discursive and non-discursive moments of flirting while smoking in the school’s unisex bathrooms as well as on school trips. I focus on these instances of “weak power” to capture how youth come together and flirt, creating both palpable boundaries and points of convergence. These experiences simultaneously challenge and reinscribe the ethnicization of everyday life in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Fiction and an Indian Polyglot Anthropology
Authors: Jain Ravindra K.
Published: November 2015

Each of the 29 officially recognized languages of India has its own script as well as oral and written traditions. In the realm of Hindi fiction, a genre called anchalik upanyasa (broadly, regional novels) has grown; it purports to narrate holistically the linguistic and cultural ethos of a region. This piece focuses on one Hindi regional novel, Adha Gaon (Half a Village), which presents the life-world of Shia Muslims in rural Uttar Pradesh in north India; the author, Rahi Masoom Raza, is himself a native of this village. Since there is no extant professional ethnography of the Shia Muslims of rural north India, I use Adha Gaon ’s narrative to describe and interpret Indian Muslim ethnicity in this regional setting. My description and analysis proceed by way of contextualization and comparison, two key anthropological methods.
Cloaks and Veils: Countervisualizing Cigarette Factories In and Outside of China
Authors: Kohrman Matthew
Published: November 2015

In this article, I consider what a casual observer can see of a notorious product’s primary place of fabrication. Few products have been criticized in recent years more than cigarettes. Meanwhile, around the world, the factories manufacturing cigarettes rarely come under scrutiny. What have been the optics helping these key links in the cigarette supply chain to be overlooked? What has prompted such optics to be adopted and to what effect? I address these questions using a comparative approach and drawing upon new mapping techniques, fieldwork, and social theory. I argue that a corporate impulse to hide from public health measures, including those of tobacco control, is not the only force to be reckoned with here. Cigarette factory legibility has been coproduced by multiple processes inherent to many forms of manufacturing. Cigarette makers, moreover, do not always run from global tobacco control. Nor have they been avoiding all other manifestations of biopolitics. Rather, in various ways, cigarette makers have been embracing biopolitical logics, conditioning them, and even using them to manage factory legibility. Suggestive of maneuvers outlined by Butler (2009) and Povinelli (2011) such as “norms of recognizability” and “arts of disguise,” cigarette factory concealment foregrounds the role of infrastructural obfuscation in the making of what Berlant (2007) calls “slow death.” Special focus on manufacturing in China illustrates important variations in the public optics of cigarette factories. The terms cloak and veil connote these variations. Whereas tactics currently obscuring cigarette manufacturing facilities generally skew toward an aesthetic of the opaque cloak in much of the world, there are norms of recognizability and arts of disguise applied to many factories across China that are more akin to a diaphanous, playful veil. I conclude with a discussion of how this article’s focus on factory legibility gestures toward novel forms of intervention for advocates working at tackling tobacco today, offering them an alternative political imaginary in what is one of the world’s most important areas of public policy making.
Land and the Politics of Custom in a Moroccan Oasis Town
Authors: Rignall Karen
Published: November 2015

In this article, I explore a case of agrarian transformation in a Moroccan oasis to reflect on the role of customary land tenure and discourses of tradition in current movements for food sovereignty and land rights. A half-century of labor migration from Morocco to Europe enabled formerly subjugated groups to challenge indentured sharecropping as a regime of racialized domination in Morocco’s pre-Saharan oases. By methodically refashioning the same customary institutions that had enforced their historical subjugation, the strategies of former sharecroppers shed light on the role of custom in movements for land and food sovereignty. Rather than using custom to return to traditional modes of farming, peasant farmers in the oasis valley invoked customary land tenure to challenge repressive traditions and forge a nascent commercial agricultural sector. I argue that one way custom works is through its performative and transactional qualities. Instead of challenging the relationship between political authority and land, former sharecroppers reworked status relationships by investing customary land tenure institutions with new meanings. They produced forms of communality that managed exclusions productively, eschewing rights talk for the language of custom and tradition. I extend recent scholarship on movements around land and agrofood systems, exploring how a politics rooted in the practice of agriculture can challenge repressive institutions not by dismantling the architecture of exclusion so much as reworking its boundaries.
Pink Dot: Cultural and Sexual Citizenship in Gay Singapore
Authors: Tan Chris
Published: November 2015

Once considered the Asian country least likely to have any positive LGBT developments (Leong 1997), Singapore has witnessed a number of such advances in the last decade. Invoking the ideas of cultural and sexual citizenship to critically frame my examination of a failed gay pride parade and an immensely successful rally for the freedom to love called “Pink Dot,” I make two assertions. First, I maintain that attempts at asserting one’s citizenship succeed more often when they take into account the country’s communitarian ideals. Second, I argue that Singaporeans once gave the state the right to determine the contours of their citizenship, but now take full advantage of every single loosening of the state’s rules. This study illuminates the processes of queer cultural citizen-making in Singapore.
PEN/Hemingway Keynote Address Delivered at the John F. Kennedy Library 19 April 2015
Authors: Patchett Ann
Published: November 2015

Each year the Ernest Hemingway Foundation and PEN New England award the PEN Hemingway prize for the year’s best first work of fiction. The award is presented at a gala reception at the John F. Kennedy Library in Boston, Massachusetts. The 2015 PEN Hemingway prize was awarded to Arna Bontemps Hemenway for his book, Elegy on Kinderklavier (Sarabande). This year we are pleased to present the keynote address of Ann Patchett. Patchett is author of six novels, most recently State of Wonder (2011) and numerous works on nonfiction, including This is the Story of a Happy Marriage (2013). Her books have been New York Times bestsellers and New York Times notable books. She has won many awards for her work, including the PEN/ Faulkner Award and the Orange Prize. Patchett has been named one of Time magazine’s 100 most influential people in the world. A fierce defender of independent bookstores, Patchett co-founded Parnassus Books in Nashville in 2011.
Project Healing Waters Fly Fishing and Hemingway’s “Big Two-Hearted River”
Authors: Tackach James
Published: November 2015

The nonprofit organization Project Healing Waters Fly Fishing, established in 2005, is committed to helping American war veterans deal with the physical and emotional wounds incurred in combat. Volunteers teach veterans how to fly fish, tie flies, and build rods, and they accompany the vets to streams, rivers, and lakes for angling. Although the Project Healing Waters website makes no mention of Ernest Hemingway or his story “Big Two-Hearted River,” the organization’s mission suggests that contemporary veterans, like Hemingway’s Nick Adams, can find peace and become healthy while fishing on a body of water.
The Rites of War and Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises
Authors: Vernon Alex
Published: November 2015

This essay uses Samuel Hynes and Eric Leed to argue that Jake Barnes’s journey in The Sun Also Rises , culminating in the violent act of the bullfight, manifests a structural replication of his war experience and, additionally, of what Barbara Ehrenreich theorizes as the origins and passions of war. This replication ultimately proves salubrious. Moreover, Jake’s ringside position as spectator and mediator literally re-enacts the role of aerial observer, while also speaking to the transitional nature of modern total warfare toward a paradigm that Jan Mieszkowski has described as placing center stage social mobilization, spectatorship, and narration rather than combat.
Hemingway and The Journal of the American Medical Association : Gangrene, Shock, and Suicide in “Indian Camp”
Authors: Pottle Russ
Published: November 2015

Hemingway’s 1925 short story “Indian Camp” describes two medical emergencies: the breech presentation-cum-Cesarean section endured by the Ojibwe wife and the wounded foot of the Ojibwe husband. Analysis of early twentiethcentury medical literature and the historical record reveals that Hemingway learned the medical background for both emergencies from articles published between 1917 and 1919 in the Journal of the American Medical Association . This medical background indicates that the husband and wife most likely would die from the effects of their respective ordeals, and it provides insight into how Hemingway would have imagined a motive for the husband’s suicide.
Dating the Narration of Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms : San Siro
Authors: Mandel Miriam B.
Published: November 2015

Arguing from internal evidence and relying on historical research, this article finds that at least five years separate the death of Catherine Barkley (March 1918) from Frederic Henry’s narration of the events. The novel’s two conscious prolepses, one involving Babe Ruth and the other the starting gate at the San Siro racetrack, date the narration to no earlier than 1920. The reference to the horse Light for Me suggests the early or mid-1920s. By this time, Frederic Henry is emotionally able to construct a narrative about the events, although his understanding of them and of himself remains imperfect.
Hemingway’s Formation of In Our Time
Authors: Beall John
Published: November 2015

Folders 96 and 97A in the Hemingway Collection at the John F. Kennedy Library capture moments in Hemingway’s formation of In Our Time (1925). As of the materials in Folder 97A, written in summer or early fall of 1924, Hemingway planned to include “Up in Michigan” and “Summer People,” but he had not yet decided where to place “Big Two-Hearted River.” Probably written later, the notes in Folder 96 show Hemingway’s replacing “Summer People” with “The Three-Day Blow.” Both folders suggest that Hemingway was settled on the order of marriage tales and bullfighting chapters in the collection. Hemingway’s notes in these folders reflect his shaping and reshaping the order of the stories and chapters that formed the collage of In Our Time .
“A Powerful Beacon”: Love Illuminating Human Attachment in Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms
Authors: Armstrong Joel
Published: November 2015

Responding to long-term debate over the position and outlook of the love story in Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms (1929), this essay argues that love is the centering principle of the novel. Indeed, the narrative posits a world in which love magnetically attracts the characters with its power to illuminate lived experience with a tangible sense of meaning. Deploying actor-network theory and recognizing the retrospective, mediated nature of Frederic Henry’s narrative, this essay analyzes the novel for what it tells today’s readers about one man’s attempt to find meaning after the horrors of the Great War.
Hemingway in Action: A Dos Passos Painting from the 1924 Pamplona Fiesta
Authors: Pizer Donald
Published: November 2015

Ernest Hemingway invited a number of friends to join him in attending the 1924 Festival of San Fermín in Pamplona, a group which included John Dos Passos and the American writer Donald Ogden Stewart. During one of the amateur bullfights, which occurred each morning of a bullfight, Stewart was knocked down by a bull and suffered some minor injuries. Dos Passos, who was critical of the machoistic ethos of the bullfight, painted a satiric watercolor of the event, in which a heroic Hemingway is rescuing the severely wounded Stewart from further harm by a raging beast.
The Realist Blueprint
Authors: Kornbluh Anna
Published: November 2015

Taking its cue from the preponderance of architectural imagery in Henry James’s Prefaces, and from the dynamic criticism of architecture in Fredric Jameson’s work, this essay speculates that formal affinities between architecture and literature can inspire a robust non-mimetic theory of literary realism. Rather than reference or documentary, the project of realism thereby appears as the production of possible social space, in accordance with limits of materiality and demands of structural integrity. Through the marvelous connections between James and Jameson, realism becomes thinkable as aesthetically intricate, socially astute, and even politically utopian.
The Possibilities of the Novel: A Look Back on the James-Wells Debate
Authors: Wegner Phillip E.
Published: November 2015

This essay examines the extended debate between Henry James and H. G. Wells through the lens of Fredric Jameson’s voluminous writings on literature, the novel, and narrative more generally. Reading the exchange in terms other than those of a dominant ethical ideology casts new light on the very different projects executed on each side of the divide: the divide between James and Wells but also, as James Woods’s recent review of David Mitchell’s fiction makes evident, between what remains a still active distinction between the novel and storytelling, “high” and “low” fiction, and, ultimately, art and culture.
Henry James, Fredric Jameson, and the Social Art of Sculpture
Authors: Alworth David J.
Published: November 2015

Examining the figure of Gloriani, this article argues that comprehending the art of fiction, as James both practiced and theorized it, requires grasping the novelist’s evolving relationship to the sculptural arts. Fredric Jameson’s writings, especially his brief but suggestive account of sculptor Duane Hanson, provide an analytical framework for reading James, while James’s theory of relationality casts Jameson’s interpretive method in a new light.
Jameson, Burke, and the Virus of Suggestion: Between Ideology and Rhetoric
Authors: Wetherbee Ben
Published: November 2015

Motivated by Wayne C. Booth’s notion of “methodological pluralism,” this essay compares Fredric Jameson and Kenneth Burke’s writings on Henry James in order to shed new light on disagreements voiced by these theorists in a 1978 exchange from Critical Inquiry . The essay builds on Burke’s brief commentary on James’s The Spoils of Poynton , as well as Jameson’s scattered writings on James’s psychologized modernism, to demonstrate how Spoils reflects the incongruous but finally complementary positions of Jameson the historical ideologist and Burke the rhetorician.
Aesthetic Perception and “the flaw”: Towards a Jamesonian Account of Late James
Authors: Murphet Julian
Published: November 2015

James’s late novels turn upon the need to resolve representational issues arising from the eruption of an excessive pleasure within composed “pictures” of civility. The acute dialectical tensions between “picture” and “scene” that result draw attention to a certain limitation in Jameson’s influential new account of the interplay between récit and affect in nineteenth-century fiction. Narrative takes its cue from affective seizures, and affect is felt in the discrepancies between mutually contaminating points of view. This unique balance of forces suggests a specific historical conjuncture in the first age of finance capital.
Lateness in James and Jameson
Authors: Moore Daniel
Published: November 2015

This article seeks to bring Henry James and Fredric Jameson into constellation by thinking of both writers as “late.” The article talks about the way in which lateness has been used as a critical term in discussions of James’s twentieth century writings before going on to use the writings of Theodor Adorno to demonstrate the inseparability of form and content in “late” work. I conclude with some final reflections on the lateness of some of Jameson’s more recent cultural theory.
“Almost everything that was usual was iniquitous”: Suspicion and Proof in Henry James and Fredric Jameson
Authors: Sawaya Francesca
Published: November 2015

This essay uses the notion of suspicion, as the “imagination or conjecture of the existence of something evil or wrong without proof,” to meditate on the productive and complementary similarities between Henry James and Fredric Jameson. Both thinkers’ suspicions about the iniquities of bourgeois capitalism can be powerfully explanatory; however, their “proof” can sometimes appear reducible or reduced. Using James’s The Bostonians to examine the tension particularly between feminism and the two theorists of capitalism, the essay shows the ways together and separately James and Jameson’s suspicions and “proof” can be read expansively.
Remarks on Henry James
Authors: Jameson Fredric
Published: November 2015

Organized around unidentified comments on all the papers, these notes comment on James’s career as a “man of letters,” on the gap between the role and form of the sentence in his writing and that of plot and event. The emphasis on observation (and even a certain voyeurism) is balanced against James’s “invention” of the sub-conversation, and a final speculation is offered on the work’s possible allegorical dimensions.
Framing the Subject: Jameson’s James and The Wings of the Dove
Authors: Wilmarth Constance
Published: November 2015

Jameson’s remarks in The Antimonies of Realism provide the basis for a reading of The Wings of the Dove that examines various framing devices as they relate to and problematize the construction of the bourgeois subject.
Beautiful Circuits and Subterfuges
Authors: Brenkman John
Published: November 2015

Just as the nineteenth-century American novel is vexed in its search for realism as distinct from romance, so too novel theory grapples with the relation of realism to romance. Henry James in his novelistic practice and Fredric Jameson in his critical and theoretical innovations recognize that the novel’s adherence to realism not only separates it from romance but also constitutively incorporates romance. A reflection on James’s moral realism over against Jameson’s changing conception of the realism-romance relation from The Political Unconscious through Postmodernism to The Antinomies of Realism brings to light how central and unsettled this fundamental problematic remains.
Total Unconscious: Jameson, Conrad, and James
Authors: Jaffe Aaron
Published: November 2015

This essay compares Fredric Jameson’s ideas about Henry James with his ideas about Joseph Conrad. For Jameson, James and Conrad occupy minimally--but significantly--different orbits. Jameson’s James is the last realist, whereas his Conrad is the first modernist. The distinction doesn’t so much depend on their respective techniques for representing subjectivity as on their differing presentation of social-narrative space and its communicative implications. Jameson’s interests over the last two decades have increasingly turned to modernism. His greater project has always hung on an explanatory scaffolding in which modernism plays a decisive role as the middle, mediating term: realism-modernism-postmodernism. The scaffolding depends on a certain communication breakdown--an unresolved synthesis--between the past, present, and future.
Advancing Multicultural Education: New Historicism in the High School English Classroom
Authors: Li Sidney C.
Published: November 2015

High schools across the country are restructuring their curricular frameworks to meet the new Common Core State Standards (CCSS), which emphasize an understanding of cultural diversity in addition to critical thinking and literacy. Despite curricular variance among high schools, the significant roles non-white races have played in constructing a pluralistic America, and the increasing importance of U.S. minorities in global economic sectors, many history/social studies courses fall short of presenting culturally diverse material to students. This paper presents a theoretical argument for using New Historicism, a method of literary criticism, in high school literature/English education courses to meet the goals of the CCSS while generating greater discussion about and appreciation for the contributions of diverse cultural narratives. Using three case studies, one on a U.S. history textbook analysis, another in an English classroom, and a third on a letter written in 1852 by two Asians to the then Governor of California, this paper reveals a striking lack of discussion about cultural diversity in the secondary curricula and demonstrates the historical and cultural richness that can be illuminated in the classroom via New Historicism.
Engaging Families to Support Students’ Transition to High School: Evidence from the Field
Authors: Iver Martha Abele Mac , Epstein Joyce L. , Sheldon Steven B. , Fonseca Ean
Published: November 2015

This exploratory study addresses the challenge of declining family engagement at the critical transition to high school. We use data from a survey of schools to examine whether and how middle grades and high schools engage families when their students transition to high school. Findings indicate that there is a significant negative relationship between the proportion of students who struggle during the first year of high school and the quality of high school outreach to families in the transition period, even after school poverty level is controlled. The study also shows that, even among a group of schools actively implementing a systematic approach to engage families, considerable work remains to enable educators to engage families during the critical transition to high school in ways that help improve student outcomes in the ninth grade.
African American Educators’ Ideas and Practices for Increasing High School Graduation Rates, 1920–1940
Authors: Juergensen Miyoshi B.
Published: November 2015

This study explores African American educators’ ideas about school completion in the 1920s and 1930s as a way to begin to understand their contributions to the historical discourse on school completion. Using publications from African American professional teaching organizations, the author elevates and examines how African American educators both discussed and engaged in rhetoric around high school completion. The study finds that African American educators primarily advocated for institutional adjustments when discussing ways to increase high school completion. Specifically, African American educators overwhelmingly encouraged schools and teachers to adjust the school day, differentiate the curriculum, and restructure guidance programs to address high school completion concerns. However, the author finds that high school completion did not exist as an isolated educational concern. Instead, the data indicate that African American educators viewed high school completion as part of a long-term strategy for racial uplift and economic advancement.
STEM Education and Sexual Minority Youth: Examining Math and Science Coursetaking Patterns among High School Students
Authors: Gottfried Michael , Estrada Fernando , Sublett Cameron
Published: November 2015

Sexual minority students such as those identifying as lesbian, gay, or bisexual, as well as those identifying with emerging self-labels (e.g., queer) face a host of risk factors in high school that can potentially compromise educational excellence, particularly in rigorous academic disciplines. The current study advances the area of diversity within science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education by empirically exploring the question: Is there a gap in STEM education participation based on sexual minority status? After reviewing the relevant research, we employed hierarchical linear modeling to explore advanced math and science coursetaking patterns among a nationally representative sample of students from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Results of this initial exploratory study suggest that advanced math and science course-taking does not vary significantly based on sexual minority status once a host of individual and school factors are included. The null findings advance the discussion of equity and excellence in STEM education as it relates to vulnerable populations. The article ends with a discussion of limitations and directions for future research.
Fostering High-School Students’ Self-Regulated Learning Online and Across Academic Domains
Authors: Greene Jeffrey Alan , Bolick Cheryl Mason , Caprino A. Michael , Deekens Victor M. , McVea Megan , Yu Seung , Jackson William P.
Published: November 2015

The proliferation of online information has not come with a commensurate growth in students’ ability to learn from that information. Today’s students may be digitally native online communicators, but many lack the knowledge and skills necessary to navigate, find, and integrate online information into coherent understanding. Students who are able to plan their learning, enact effective strategies, and monitor and control their learning (i.e., self-regulated learning knowledge and skills) are more likely to successfully manage the wealth of information online. Unfortunately, there is little coherent literature on how high school teachers can foster students’ online self-regulatory knowledge and skills, and even less on how this can be done across academic domains. In this paper, we synthesize the self-regulated learning literature to distill key aspects of classroom-based innovations that teachers can use to foster their students’ learning online, within and across academic domains.
The Things We Keep: Considerations for Appraisal of Archival Materials in Music Libraries
Authors: Cuervo Adriana P.
Published: November 2015

This article discusses appraisal in relationship to the documentary evidence of music making, and the principles behind acquisition decisions in an archival setting. It also explores the concept of enduring value as it applies to music materials, and formulates clear definitions of the distinct facets of archival appraisal. This is a crucial component to any archival management program that can contribute to the healthy growth of the institution and its collections. The author formulates foundational elements for archival practices that actively expand the scope of the documented musical heritage preserved in archives throughout the world, and outlines strategies for collecting a well-rounded and inclusive view of history.
Cataloging Music Sound Recordings in the United States: An Evolution of Practice and Standards
Authors: Strader C. Rockelle
Published: November 2015

The bibliographic control of sound recordings has been an issue ever since libraries began acquiring them. The description of recordings is generally more difficult than that for print materials, due to the prominence of both composers, as creators of the works recorded, and the performer(s) of these works, and also to the anthology-like nature of many recordings. One of the foremost problems with recordings is whether to catalog each work on the recording separately or the entire recording as a unit. The variety of ways in which works have been packaged has necessitated changes to cataloging and description standards over the years in order to consistently display information to users to support their decision making. This account looks back at how the cataloging of sound recordings has been handled over the decades, to provide a historical context in which to place the development and adoption of Resource Description and Access (RDA) as it relates to description and access of sound recordings.
The Cold War in the Coffeehouse: Hans Weigel and His Circle of Writers in the Café Raimund
Authors: McVeigh Joseph
Published: November 2015

The Viennese critic and author Hans Weigel is well known for his forays into Cold War politics after 1947, such as the Brecht boycott he helped organize in Viennese theaters in the early 1950s. He is also known as a mentor to aspiring young authors of the early postwar period, such as Ingeborg Bachmann, Ilse Aichinger, and many others. That these two aspects of Weigel’s activity on the Viennese cultural scene after 1945 were essentially inseparable is, however, less well known. This article examines how the political vagaries of the Cold War informed and influenced Weigel’s work with younger authors.
Make or Break?: Instability as an Aesthetic Tool in Progressive Austrian Literature from 1945 to 1955
Authors: Kunzelmann Heide
Published: November 2015

This article centers on the potential of instability as an aesthetic as well as a political hermeneutic category, using the example of progressive literature in Austria between 1945 and 1955, during what is referred to as a “freeze” in Cold War discourse. In a bid to discuss the potential of the term instability for interdisciplinary analysis, it suggests that an “unstable equilibrium” (A. Okopenko) among the various aesthetic formations on the literary market in Austria during the first decade after 1945 was directly impacted by an equally unstable equilibrium among ideological positions in the Austrian version of a “transitional society” (Claude Ake).
Decolonizing the Second Republic: Austria and the Global South from the 1950s to the 1970s
Authors: Molden Berthold
Published: November 2015

When Austria regained its sovereignty in 1955, one common narrative had it that the country reemerged after almost four decades of heteronomy: after 1918, France, Britain and the United States would not allow it to join the German Empire; then, Austria was annexed by this very empire; and finally, it was occupied by Allied forces. Did this self-perception bring about a form of anticolonial identification among Austrians or even a sentiment of solidarity with the so-called Third World that was in the process of actual decolonization? This question touches upon complex intellectual transfers between the Global South and the Global North after wwii .
Der gemeinsame Tisch: Zu einer Allegorie der österreichischen Identität in den Anfängen der Zweiten Republik
Authors: Stocker Günther
Published: November 2015

The construction of official Austrian identity after 1945 rejected any notion of Austrian guilt regarding the war and the crimes of National Socialism. According to this view, the past should be largely forgotten and those who stood at opposing ends of the political spectrum—Christian Conservatives and Social Democrats, former members of the German Wehrmacht and those returning from exile—should reconcile their differences and work together toward a more promising future. Austrian literature of this time reflects this approach with the image of a common table at which differing viewpoints peacefully interact, depicting how the new circumstances of the Cold War created new coalitions and new enmities.
“Es muβ doch schön sein, immer im richtigen Augenblick auf der richtigen Seite zu sein”: Politische Verantwortung und Schuld in Reinhard Federmanns Das Himmelreich der Lügner
Authors: Schreckenberger Helga
Published: November 2015

Told from the perspective of a participant in Austria’s civil war of February 1934, Reinhard Federmann’s novel examines political developments in Austria from 1934 to 1956. In addition to chronicling his own disappointment with Soviet-style communism, the narrator criticizes the postwar consensus politics of the two major political parties for their failure to acknowledge the disastrous consequences of the totalitarian corporate state’s dismantling of democratic structures and resistance to fascism. The narrator does not offer a political or ideological analysis but unsparingly scrutinizes his own actions, underscoring the novel’s emphasis on individual political accountability.
Kampf ums Papier: Literarische Produktionsmittel in Österreich um 1950
Authors: Kepplinger-Prinz Christoph , Prinz Elisabeth
Published: November 2015

In 1947 Austrian print media had limited access to paper, even though large quantities were being exported and diverted for use by the Allied occupation forces. Many writers and publishers in Austria thus resorted to hoarding this valuable commodity. This control of paper distribution ultimately worked against efforts to de-Nazify Austrian literary culture. In many respects, this period represents a microcosm of the material challenges facing subsequent Austrian cultural policies. This article discusses the “Kampf ums Papier” (E. Rollett) as one possible starting point for examining some of the material effects of the Cold War on Austrian literary culture.
“Various expressions in a Various matter”: The Unity in Hybridity of William Leighton’s Devotional Miscellany
Authors: Chovanec Kevin
Published: November 2015

In this article, I discuss a manuscript composed by William Leighton between 1640 and 1643, the early years of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. Held in the Rare Book Collection of UNC Chapel Hill’s Wilson Library, the manuscript brings together the diverse generic resources of seventeenth-century notebooking traditions: the commonplace, the miscellany, the encyclopedia, and the dialogue. I argue that Leighton’s work, which seems to have courted a readership, attempts to mitigate the uncertainty facing the English religious and political spheres by employing these genres. Leighton therefore offers a kind of anatomy of the notebooking traditions as he explores the uses of each. Despite his multi-generic work, Leighton’s clear devotional purpose unites his manuscript and its diverse content. Through this unity in hybridity, Leighton’s manuscript hints perhaps at a more open and inclusive idea of the book in seventeenth-century England.
Cain, Cam, Jutes, Giants, and the Textual Criticism of Beowulf
Authors: Neidorf Leonard
Published: November 2015

This article endeavors to resolve two longstanding sets of textual cruxes in Beowulf , the first involving Cain and Cam, the second involving Jutes and giants. To understand the behavior of the scribes and recover the authorial readings, a wide array of evidence is here embraced, drawn from the fields of metrics, paleography, literary criticism, and sources and analogues. A case is simultaneously made for the reliability of the methods used to detect scribal errors and justify emendations to the text of Beowulf .
John Milton, Oliver Cromwell, and the Cause of Conscience
Authors: Lobo Giuseppina Iacono
Published: November 2015

Focusing primarily on Milton’s sonnet of 1652 addressed to the then Lord General Cromwell, this article provides a more complex understanding of the much-examined relationship between the poet-polemicist and eventual Lord Protector. More specifically, I argue that their shared dedication to liberty of conscience makes Milton’s covert or complete repudiation of Cromwell unlikely. While Cromwell’s dismissal of an elected body and his assumption of power seem to conflict with Milton’s championing of religious and civil liberty, if we consider more closely the language of and occasion for Milton’s sonnet, it is clear that Milton dismissed the Rump Parliament long before Cromwell ever did.