bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lo schermo di Attila ovvero come le produzioni statunitensi hanno immaginato l’Unno
Authors: Gonzato Di Gian Luca , Sorrentino Gabriele
Published: August 2024

Riassunto: Nel contesto della società contemporanea il pubblico può incontrare la storia in diversi spazi e luoghi, come musei o archivi, oppure attraverso differenti media, come film, romanzi, giochi e serie TV. Ogni media ha uno specifico linguaggio e caratteristiche peculiari ma tutti possono contribuire alla formazione di un immaginario diffuso del passato. Ciò muove degli interrogativi, ad esempio: come è possibile delineare tale immaginario e quale metodologia lo consentirebbe? La presente ricerca intende riflettere su questi interrogativi attraverso l’analisi di un caso studio: la rappresentazione di Attila e degli Unni all’interno di tre prodotti statunitensi. Nello specifico, si analizzerà un videogioco (Age of Empires II), un film (Il Re dei Barbari) e una serie TV (Attila l’Unno). Le rappresentazioni – studiate attraverso framework e linguaggi specifici dei media in esame – saranno poi comparate con il fine di comprendere se esistono elementi ricorrenti che possono aver contribuito alla formazione di un immaginario.
Parole Chiave: Atila l'Unno, Produzioni Stati Uniti, Immaginario.
Writing during the Disasters
Authors: Henderson Marius
Published: August 2024

‘Writing during the Disasters’ is devoted to conceptualizing the relation between suffering and poetic writing. This monograph investigates contemporary experimental American poetry which addresses forms of suffering that are largely entwined with structural dynamics. The book elaborates how particular poetic practices “materialize” and “write through” ongoing conditions of suffering which shape the present.

In its interaction with works by seven poets and one artist collective, this study mobilizes and interlaces a variety of critical theoretical approaches – from affect theory, queer theory, Afro-pessimism, Black feminism, and new materialisms to psychoanalysis, dialectical materialism, and deconstruction. Moreover, this study develops novel terminological renditions of the nexus between suffering and literary representation. Ultimately, ‘Writing during the Disasters’ also argues for “suffering” to be considered a valid and more prominent category of analysis in cultural and literary studies.
HUBUNGAN FUNGSI GINJAL, KALSIUM, DAN FOSFOR DENGAN XEROSIS DAN PRURITUS PADA PASIEN YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS
Authors: Regina Regina , Kurniawan Marsha , Surya Steven Philip , Astiarani Yunisa , Iryaningrum Maria Riastuti
Published: August 2024

Pruritus dan xerosis kulit adalah gejala yang sering menyertai pasien dengan penyakit ginjal kronis (PGK) dan patogenesisnya belum diketahui pasti. Hiperkalsemia, hiperfosfatemia, dan uremia diduga berperan dalam terjadinya pruritus. Penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan studi potong lintang dilakukan terhadap 39 pasien di Unit Hemodialisis RS Atma Jaya bulan Agustus 2019. Derajat pruritus dan xerosis dinilai dengan 5- D Pruritus Scale dan Overall Dry Skin score (ODS). Kadar ureum, kreatinin, kalsium, dan fosfor darah diperiksa untuk mengetahui hubungannya terhadap kondisi pruritus dan xerosis menggunakan regresi linier secara terpisah. Seluruh pasien yang diteliti mengalami xerosis kulit dengan kejadian pruritus sebesar 46,2%. Kadar kreatinin berasosiasi negatif bermakna terhadap skor pruritus, artinya penurunan kadar kreatinin berhubungan dengan peningkatan skor pruritus (Î² = -0.658; p<0.05) dan ditemukan asosiasi positif bermakna antara kadar fosfor terhadap skor pruritus dan xerosis, yang artinya peningkatan kadar fosfor berhubungan dengan peningkatan derajat pruritus dan xerosis (Î²= 1,44; p<0,05; Î²= 0,282; p<0,05). Tidak ditemukan hubungan bermakna antara kadar ureum dan kalsium terhadap derajat pruritus serta xerosis.
EFEKTIVITAS SULFUR TOPIKAL DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN PERMETRIN DALAM TATA LAKSANA SKABIES: LAPORAN KASUS BERBASIS BUKTI
Authors: Widaty Sandra , Darmawan Irene
Published: August 2024

Latar belakang: Skabies merupakan penyakit kulit akibat infestasi parasit Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis yang banyak ditemukan endemis di negara berkembang, terutama di daerah dengan kepadatan populasi yang tinggi. Terdapat berbagai pilihan dalam terapi skabies. Dalam formularium nasional Indonesia, tersedia 2 terapi skabies yaitu krim permetrin 5% dan salep 2-4. Permetrin merupakan terapi lini pertama untuk skabies. Tujuan laporan kasus berbasis bukti ini adalah untuk membandingkan efektivitas sulfur topikal dan permetrin pada pasien skabies.
Metode: Penelusuran literatur sistematis dilakukan pada database Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Science direct, EBSCO, Proquest, dan Scopus dengan kata kunci yang sesuai. Studi yang membandingkan sulfur topikal dengan permetrin topikal pada pasien skabies dimasukkan dalam laporan ini. Seluruh studi ditelaah secara kritis untuk memberikan rekomendasi tata laksana skabies yang berbasis bukti.
Hasil: Terdapat 11 artikel yang tersaring dari penapisan naskah lengkap, hanya tiga artikel yang sesuai untuk ditelaah secara kritis yaitu terdiri atas 1 meta-analisis dan 2 uji klinis terkontrol acak.
Diskusi: Ketiga studi yang ditelaah menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas permetrin lebih baik daripada sulfur topikal. Pemetrin memberikan angka kesembuhan yang lebih tinggi dan lebih sedikit menimbulkan efek samping.
Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan bukti terbaik yang tersedia, efektivitas sulfur topikal lebih inferior dibandingkan permetrin. Sebaiknya sulfur topikal dipilih sebagai terapi apabila permetrin tidak dapat digunakan.
EPIDERMODYSPLASIA VERRUCIFORMIS: SUATU KASUS JARANG
Authors: Uly Beatrix Novandri , Febiyanto Novian , Giantoro Jeffrey , Amelia Jesslyn , Siswati Agnes Sri , Trisnowati Niken
Published: August 2024

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) merupakan genodermatosis langka ditandai dengan peningkatan kerentanan terhadap infeksi Î²-human papilloma virus (HPV) terutama HPV 5 dan 8 dan transformasi keganasan. Kondisi ini dapat diwariskan secara autosomal resesif, maupun suatu kondisi dapatan Lesi kulit dapat muncul sejak bayi maupun pada masa kanak-kanak, menyerupai veruka plana, keratosis seboroik, maupun pitiriasis versikolor Temuan histopatologi dapat berupa hiperkeratosis, akantosis dan atipia selular koloisitik. 

Laporan kasus ini membahas seorang laki-laki berusia 58 tahun dengan keluhan kutil sejak masa kanak-kanak. Riwayat konsanguinitas pada orang tua dan imunosupresi tidak ditemukan. Lesi kulit peristen dan progresif berupa plak menyerupai keratosis seboroik, sebagian plak hipopigmentasi dengan permukaan verukosa multipel. Temuan histopatologi menunjukkan hiperkeratosis dan koilosit. Terapi berupa asam retinoat topikal dan edukasi penghindaran sinar matahari. Penegakkan diagnosis EV dapat dibuat dengan mudah berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik dan biopsi kulit. Pemeriksaan serotipe HPV dapat membantu menentukan tipe EV-HPV terkait, Beberapa modalitas terapi telah dicoba meliputi retinoid sistemik dan topikal, interferon, imunoterapi, elektrodesikasi, krioterapi maupun pembedahan. Namun, terapi definitif belum tersedia.Diagnosis dini, edukasi pasien, proteksi terhadap sinar matahari dan pemantauan berkala untuk transformasi keganasan, penting dilakukab untuk memperbaiki kualitas hidup.
TEKNIK GRAFT SEDERHANA PADA KULIT
Authors: Dewi Cinthia Christina , Budianti Windy Keumala , Wibawa Larisa Paramitha
Published: August 2024

Graft merupakan transplantasi kulit dari donor ke resipien dengan nutrisi yang didapatkan dari dasar luka resipien. Terdapat beberapa klasifikasi graft, antara lain berdasarkan asal donor, histologi, perbedaan ketebalan, dan bentuk graft. Teknik graft sederhana yang perlu untuk dipahami oleh dermatovenereologist meliputi, full-thickness skin graft (FTSG), split-thickness skin graft (STSG), dan epidermal graft (EG). Pada FTSG lapisan kulit yang diambil terdiri dari seluruh ketebalan epidermis dan dermis, STSG terdiri dari epidermis dan sebagian ketebalan dermis dengan atau tanpa folikel rambut, sedangkan EG hanya meliputi lapisan epidermis. Indikasi tindakan graft antara lain, rekonstruksi pascaoperasi tumor kulit, ulkus kronik, luka bakar, dan vitiligo. Proses penyembuhan luka pada graft berbeda dengan luka konvensional. Lima fase penting dalam penyembuhan luka antara lain, imbibisi serum, inoskulasi, revaskularisasi, reinervasi, dan maturasi. Terdapat berbagai syarat untuk donor dan resipien yang harus diperhatikan sebelum dilakukan graft. Keberhasilan graft dapat dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, salah satunya adalah stabilitas dan kompresi graft selama proses revaskularisasi. Komplikasi dan penanganan juga perlu diketahui dalam rangka tata laksana menyeluruh.
BERBAGAI MODALITAS TERAPI STRETCH MARK BERBASIS BUKTI
Authors: Yolanda Maya Oktari , Jusuf Nelva Karmila
Published: August 2024

Stretch mark (striae distensae) adalah kelainan yang diduga disebabkan oleh faktor kekuatan mekanik, perubahan intrinsik struktur dan fungsi kulit, serta faktor hormonal. Kelainan ini muncul di usia 5 sampai 50 tahun, serta ditemukan paling banyak saat puncak pertumbuhan dan wanita, terutama wanita hamil. Stretch mark memiliki presentasi klinis berupa striae rubra berwarna eritematosa hingga terjadi hipopigmentasi dan atrofi disebut striae alba. Diagnosis kelainan ini dengan dermoskopi, mikroskop elektron, hingga pemeriksaan histopatologi, dengan diagnosis banding utama adalah linear focal elastosis dan anetoderma. Tidak terdapat pedoman standar yang tersedia untuk manajemen stretch mark. Berbagai pilihan pengobatan yang tersedia, antara lain terapi topikal misal dengan tretinoin, injeksi asam hialuronat, tehnik mekanik mikrodermabrasi, platelet-rich plasma, microneedling therapy, galvanopuncture, radiofrekuensi, karboksi terapi, terapi berbasis cahaya, dan laser, termasuk laser fraksional. Laser fraksional non-ablatif lebih disukai daripada ablatif karena risiko komplikasi lebih rendah dan waktu pemulihan lebih singkat, walaupun lebih banyak perawatan. Stretch mark adalah masalah umum yang menyebabkan masalah estetik hingga gangguan psikososial, artikel ini terutama akan membahas profilaksis dan pengobatan stretch mark berbasis bukti terbaru.
Kata Kunci: stretch marks, tata laksana berbasis bukti
PERAWATAN KULIT ANAK DENGAN DERMATITIS ATOPIK
Authors: Diba Sarah , D Adi Agung Anantawijaya , Thaha Muhammad Athuf , Nopriyati Nopriyati , Kartowigno Soenarto , Budiamal Susanti
Published: August 2024

Dermatitis atopik (DA) adalah inflamasi kulit sangat gatal yang sering ditemukan pada anak dan bersifat kronik residif, sehingga memengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien maupun keluarga. Patogenesis DA bersifat kompleks dan multifaktorial dengan keadaan patologis utama berupa gangguan sawar kulit yang dapat mencetuskan eksaserbasi akut. Perawatan kulit pada pasien DA merupakan salah satu upaya non farmakologis yang dibutuhkan untuk memperbaiki sawar kulit dan mencegah kekambuhan. Penggunaan pembersih ringan, pemakaian pelembap secara rutin, pemilihan bahan pakaian, memutus siklus gatal garuk, dan eliminasi faktor pencetus merupakan rangkaian perawatan kulit yang telah banyak diteliti keberhasilannya terkait dengan manfaat klinis pada gangguan sawar kulit. Tata laksana pasien DA membutuhkan pendekatan secara holistik diikuti dengan perawatan kulit berlandaskan bukti (evidence-based medicine) dan tata laksana farmakologis. Memperbaiki keadaan patologis sawar kulit merupakan dasar dari perawatan kulit pasien DA. Hal tersebut membutuhkan kerjasama dan dukungan orang tua dalam pelaksanaannya sehari-hari, sehingga diharapkan tercapai kepatuhan, kemandirian, dan peningkatan kualitas hidup yang baik bagi pasien maupun keluarga.
KOMORBIDITAS PADA AKNE
Authors: Hardjodipuro Andira Hardjodipuro , Astriningrum Rinadewi , Bernadette Irma , Legiawati Lili , Widaty Sandra
Published: August 2024

Akne vulgaris (AV) merupakan salah satu penyakit kulit yang paling sering ditemui,
terutama pada remaja dan dewasa muda. Patogenesis terjadinya AV setidaknya
diperankan oleh empat faktor penting, yaitu hiperproliferasi lapisan epidermis pada
folikel, peningkatan produksi sebum, proses peradangan, dan kolonisasi Cutibacterium
acnes. Proses tersebut juga dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, antara lain faktor genetik,
hormonal, psikologis, gaya hidup, dan lingkungan. Lesi AV bersifat polimorfik dan
memiliki derajat keparahan yang beragam. Lesi tersebut diketahui memberikan dampak
terhadap kualitas hidup penderitanya. Berbagai studi terkini melaporkan bahwa terdapat
berbagai komorbiditas yang dapat memberikan beban tambahan atau memperburuk
kondisi AV. Komorbiditas didefinisikan sebagai penyakit yang terjadi secara simultan.
Berbeda dengan sindrom yang memiliki arti sekumpulan gejala yang terjadi serentak
atau sekumpulan tanda yang menandakan suatu penyakit tertentu. Komorbiditas akne
yang telah banyak diinvestigasi antara lain resistensi insulin, hipovitaminosis D,

1 hipervitaminosis B12, gangguan gastrointestinal, gangguan psikologis, disfungsi kelenjar

tiroid, dislipidemia, defisiensi seng, dan hipovitaminosis A dan E.
KEGAGALAN TERAPI PADA KUSTA TIPE LEPROMATOSA DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHINYA: SEBUAH LAPORAN KA
Authors: Natasha Joanne , Menaldi Sri Linuwih , Marissa Melani , Hilma Rizka Farah
Published: August 2024

Anak merupakan kelompok yang berisiko sembilan kali lebih besar untuk tertular kusta. Temuan kasus baru kusta pada anak merupakan indikator kuat yang menandakan transmisi penyakit masih berlangsung. World Health Organization (WHO) masih melaporkan 14.981 dari 202.185 (7,4%) kasus baru pada anak tahun 2019. Kasus resistensi multidrug therapy (MDT) dapat bersifat primer maupun sekunder. Resistensi obat penting untuk dideteksi lebih dini mengingat komplikasi dapat berdampak buruk pada kualitas hidup anak. Seorang anak perempuan, 14 tahun berasal dari Kabupaten Lebak, Rangkasbitung, Banten didiagnosis sebagai kusta tipe lepromatosa (LL) dan disabilitas derajat dua pada jari ke-5 tangan kiri. Klinis yang tidak membaik dan peningkatan indeks morfologi (IM) pada bulan ke-9 pengobatan dari 0,16% menjadi 1% menyebabkan pasien diduga mengalami resistensi obat.  Pemeriksaan polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tidak menunjukkan adanya mutasi pada gen RpoB. Konsumsi MDT yang tidak adekuat dan tidak teratur berpotensi menyebabkan resistensi sekunder yang berisiko menjadi resistensi primer di kemudian hari. Tidaklah mudah menentukan resistensi obat di daerah endemis. Pemantauan IM sebaiknya dapat dicermati sebelum pengobatan tuntas sehingga terapi modifikasi dapat diberikan.
PENGARUH DARI PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM DALAM TATA LAKSANA DERMATITIS ATOPIK
Authors: Faidah Izzah , Ariwibowo Lukman
Published: August 2024

Lactobacillus plantarum merupakan probiotik yang berasal dari makanan tradisional Indonesia yaitu dadih sapi yang diisolasi. Fungsi probiotik bisa menurunkan reaksi alergi. Dermatitis atopik adalah peradangan kulit yang bersifat kronik residif yang disertai dengan gejala alergi. Penelitian ini untuk mencari pengaruh pemberian probiotik Lactobacillus plantarum pada tata laksana dermatitis atopik dengan melihat index SCORAD, efektifitas pemberian secara single atau campuran, dan efek samping probiotik. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah studi literatur. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah artikel penelitian tentang probiotik dan dermatitis atopik dengan sampel diambil dari 10 artikel pada jurnal internasional yang terindeks SCIMAGO dengan tahun publikasi dari tahun 2017 hingga 2022. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya penurunan indeks SCORAD secara signifikan pada pemberian probiotik. Pemberian secara campuran terdapat penurunan indeks SCORAD secara siginifikan. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan pemberian probiotik dinilai aman dan tidak menimbulkan efek samping. Kesimpulan penelitian ini probiotik Lactobacillus plantarum berpengaruh dalam tata laksana dermatitis atopik.
KASUS SERIAL: EFEKTIVITAS TERAPI DERMATITIS SEBOROIK BERDASARKAN PANDUAN PENGOBATAN 2017
Authors: Amalia Rhida Sarly , Daniaty Dini , Widaty Sandra
Published: August 2024

Dermatitis seboroik (DS) merupakan penyakit kulit inflamasi di area seboroik dengan berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhinya, antara lain interaksi flora normal dan kerentanan individu. Perjalanan penyakit DS kronis dan rekuren, sehingga penting mengetahui efektivitas terapi yang diberikan. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas terapi DS dengan modalitas baru berdasarkan Konsensus Asia 2016 dan Pedoman Nasional Pelayanan Kedokteran (PNPK) DS 2017, dengan pilihan pengobatan lini pertama yaitu obat topikal anti jamur golongan azol, diikuti kortikosteroid topikal. Dilaporkan lima kasus pasien DS dewasa dengan lesi di area skalp yang berobat di poliklinik Dermatologi dan Venereologi RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) periode tahun 2017-2020 yang terdokumentasi pada rekam medis. Keparahan DS dinilai dengan skor Seborrheic Dermatitis Area Severity Index (SDASI) dan pilihan terapi diberikan sesuai dengan skor SDASI. Didapatkan hasil bahwa seluruh pasien telah ditatalaksana sesuai dengan Konsensus Asia 2016 dan PNPK  2017. Disimpulkan bahwa Konsensus Asia 2016 dan PNPK 2017 dapat digunakan sebagai algoritama terapi DS, dengan hasil sembuh atau perbaikan. Pengobatan DS ringan dengan menggunakan Obat Anti Jamur (OAJ) topikal dan DS sedang dengan kortikosteroid topikal menunjukkan hasil yang baik. Beberapa pasien mengalami rekurensi, hal ini dapat dikarenakan adanya faktor pencetus serta komorbid pada pasien yang belum teratasi.
DIAGNOSIS DAN TATA LAKSANA NEVUS HORI
Authors: Diba Sarah , Antonius Cayadi Sidarta , Kurniawati Yuli , Kartowigno Soenarto , Budiamal Susanti
Published: August 2024

Nevus Hori (NH) merupakan hipermelanosis dermal didapat yang ditandai bercak coklat keabuan. NH bermanifestasi terutama di daerah fasial seperti zigomatikum, dahi, pelipis, kelopak mata dan pangkal hidung, tetapi dapat juga di ekstra fasial. NH memengaruhi kualitas hidup penderitanya karena dapat menganggu penampilan. Awitan NH bervariasi, dapat terjadi antara usia 12-72 tahun. Genetik memegang peran penting dalam patofisiologi NH. Beberapa faktor pencetus yang telah diidentifikasi terkait NH antara lain, inflamasi, radiasi ultraviolet, kehamilan, kontrasepsi, dan kosmetik. Manifestasi klinis NH sering menyerupai kelainan hiperpigmentasi dermal lain seperti melasma, nevus Ota, dan melanosis Riehl, sehingga masih sering terjadi kesalalahan diagnosis. Penegakan diagnosis dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan manifestasi klinis pasien. Pemeriksaan penunjang tidak rutin dilakukan pada kasus NH. Bila diperlukan, pemeriksaan baku emas berupa pemeriksaan histopatologi dapat dilakukan. Tata laksana NH memiliki tantangan tersendiri. Tata laksana NH yang utama adalah menghindari tersediri. Tata laksana defenitif untuk kasus MH dilakukan dengan terapi kombinasi, baik terapi farmakologis dan non-farmakologis. Pilihan terapi yang dapat digunakan adalah terapi topikal, dan tindakan invasif seperti dermabrasi, krioterapi dan laser.
TERAPI PSORIASIS DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Fiqnasyani Siti Efrida , Kusumawardani Arie
Published: August 2024

Psoriasis merupakan penyakit inflamasi kulit kronis residif yang disebabkan oleh proses autoimun. Prevalensi psoriasis di seluruh dunia berkisar antara 2-3% dengan prevalensi di Asia cenderung rendah yaitu kurang dari 0,5%. Psoriasis terdiri dari plak eritematosa berskuama dan paling sering terjadi pada siku, lutut, kulit kepala, dan punggung bagian bawah. Oleh karena dilaporkan sering mengalami kekambuhan, psoriasis memerlukan terapi rumatan berupa terapi sistemik seperti retinoid, metotreksat, alefacept, dan efalizumab. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan infeksi saluran pernapasan yang disebabkan oleh severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) dan bersifat sangat menular. Adanya pandemi COVID-19 sangat berdampak terhadap pelaksanaan pelayanan kesehatan, termasuk pengobatan pasien psoriasis. Infeksi COVID-19 dan pengobatan terkait juga dapat berpengaruh pada tingkat keparahan klinis maupun eksaserbasi psoriasis pada pasien. Tatalaksana COVID-19 yang kurang adekuat dapat memicu badai sitokin dan menyebabkan acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis, serta berbagai komplikasi lainnya. Pasien COVID-19 yang mengalami badai sitokin dengan peningkatan IL-6 dan IL-17 dapat berpotensi mengalami eksaserbasi psoriasis. Terapi biologi bagi penderita psoriasis di masa pandemi COVID-19 harus dipertimbangkan dengan baik sesuai kondisi masing-masing pasien.
MANIFESTASI KULIT AKIBAT ROKOK ELEKTRIK
Authors: Fitriani Fatimah , Oktriana Putri , Amelinda Nathania , Prasetyorini Budi Eko , Negara Achmad Satya , Irawanto M. Eko
Published: August 2024

Rokok elektrik atau disebut electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) merupakan alat penghantar nikotin dan zat cair lain dengan menggunakan energi panas yang berasal dari daya baterai dengan mengubah cairan menjadi aerosol sehingga menyerupai rokok konvensional. Rokok elektrik diciptakan sebagai pilihan alternatif yang lebih aman dibandingkan produk tembakau, meskipun aerosol rokok elektrik tetap mengandung bahan racun dan karsinogen yang lebih rendah dari rokok konvensional. Rokok elektrik diciptakan sebagai pilihan alternatif yang lebih aman dibandingkan produk tembakau, meskipun aerosol dari rokok elektrik tetap mengandung bahan racun dan karsinogen meskipun lebih rendah dari rokok konvensional. Efek berbahaya akibat penggunaan rokok elektrik telah dilaporkan berhubungan dengan sistem respirasi, kardiovaskular serta pada kulit. Kelainan kulit yang ditimbulkan akibat rokok elektrik seperti dermatitis kontak, luka bakar, jerawat, bisul, benjolan, lepuh serta kelainan pada mukosa oral.
O impacto da educação física na promoção do bem-estar e desempenho profissional dos docentes
Authors: Silva Erivan Soares da
Published: August 2024

Este estudo aborda a importância da atividade física para professores no Brasil, frente aos desafios profissionais que impactam negativamente sua saúde física e mental. Observa-se que, apesar dos benefícios conhecidos da prática esportiva, docentes apresentam uma taxa de engajamento inferior à de outras profissões. A pesquisa visa compreender os motivos dessa baixa adesão e como isso afeta a qualidade de vida e o desempenho dos professores, ressaltando a importância do bem-estar docente na elevação da qualidade educacional. O objetivo principal é investigar o impacto das atividades físicas na vida e na carreira dos educadores, incluindo a análise da prevalência dessas práticas, os obstáculos para sua realização, os benefícios para a saúde e bem-estar, além de estratégias de incentivo e o papel das instituições educacionais nesse contexto. Utilizando uma metodologia qualitativa baseada em pesquisa bibliográfica, o trabalho busca estabelecer uma fundamentação teórica sólida para entender essa dinâmica. Sua relevância se dá pela potencial contribuição à criação de políticas e práticas que promovam um estilo de vida ativo entre os docentes, enfatizando a necessidade de uma mudança cultural que valorize o autocuidado. A investigação é motivada pela hipótese de que a prática regular de exercícios físicos pode não somente melhorar o bem-estar dos professores, mas também elevar sua performance profissional, sendo assim essencial para a promoção de uma educação de alta qualidade.
MATLAB Implementation of Physics Informed Deep Neural Networks for Forward and Inverse Structural Vibration Problems
Authors: Chatterjee Tanmoy , Friswell Michael I. , Adhikari Sondipon , Khodaparast Hamed Haddad
Published: August 2024

In this work, we illustrate the implementation of physics informed neural networks (PINNs) for solving forward and inverse problems in structural vibration. Physics informed deep learning has lately proven to be a powerful tool for the solution and data-driven discovery of physical systems governed by differential equations. In spite of the popularity of PINNs, their application in structural vibrations is limited. This motivates the extension of the application of PINNs in yet another new domain and leverages from the available knowledge in the form of governing physical laws. On investigating the performance of conventional PINNs in vibrations, it is mostly found that it suffers from a very recently pointed out similar scaling or regularization issue, leading to inaccurate predictions. It is thereby demonstrated that a simple strategy of modifying the loss function helps to combat the situation and enhance the approximation accuracy significantly without adding any extra computational cost. In addition to the above two contributing factors of this work, the implementation of the conventional and modified PINNs is performed in the MATLAB environment owing to its recently developed rich deep learning library. Since all the developments of PINNs till date is Python based, this is expected to diversify the field and reach out to greater scientific audience who are more proficient in MATLAB but are interested to explore the prospect of deep learning in computational science and engineering. As a bonus, complete executable codes of all four representative (both forward and inverse) problems in structural vibrations have been provided along with their line-by-line lucid explanation and well-interpreted results for better understanding.
Bilateral hip stability variation in the functional ambulation and kinetic parameters after total hip arthroplasty during leveled walking
Authors: Abd-Eltawab Amany E. , Elsherbini Dalia Mahmoud Abdelmonem , El Nashar Eman Mohamad , Alshehri Shaker Hassan , Alhefzi Ali , Eldesoqui Mamdouh , El-Sherbiny Mohamed
Published: August 2024

Objectives

This study determines gender variation, comparing the significance level between men and women related to functional ambulation characteristics after hip arthroplasty. The study focuses on the broader female pelvis and how it affects the rehabilitation regimen following total hip arthroplasty.

Materials and Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 20 cases of right hip arthroplasty were divided into 10 male and 10 female cases, aged 40–65 years. The functional ambulation parameters (walking cadence, gait speed, stride length, and gait cycle time) were acquired from the GAITRite device, as well as kinematic values for hip frontal plane displacement and kinetic parameters for ground response force in the medial–lateral direction.

Results

An independent t-test showed a significant difference in the kinematic parameter variables for the anterior superior iliac spine, more significant trochanter displacement, and hip abduction angle between the operated and non-operated limbs for each group separately. Regarding the functional ambulation parameters, there was a significant difference in the walking cadence between the operated and non-operated limbs of both male and female groups. Moreover, the output variables of ground reaction force measures revealed significant differences between their operated and non-operated limbs. The linear regression model used was consistent with the current results, demonstrating a weak negative correlation between the abduction angle of the operated hip and gait speed for both male and female groups.

Conclusion

Based on the findings, we draw the conclusion that improving a rehabilitated physical therapy program for the abductors of both male and female patients’ operated and non-operated limbs is essential for normalizing the ground reaction force value, avoiding focus on the operated hip, and reducing the amount of time that the operated hip’s abductors must perform. This involves exposing the surgically repaired limb to the risk of post-operative displacement or dislocation, particularly in female patients.
Comparative study on lubrication properties of biodiesel and bio-lubricant trans-esterified from desert seed oil with conventional lubricants
Authors: Adeoti M. O. , Jamiru T. , Adegbola T. A. , Abdullahi M. , Sulaiman I. , Aramide B.P.
Published: August 2024

In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on renewable and biodegradable energy sources among lubricant manufacturers due to the environmental impacts and limited availability of fossil-based engine oils. Biomass sources present a cost-effective and eco-friendly alternative to traditional mineral oil sources. This study aims to produce and characterize biodiesel and biolubricant from desert date seed oil through transesterification. The result of the study was compared with the properties of conventional and commercial lubricants. The study employed transesterification to convert desert date seed oil into biodiesel and biolubricant. The produced biolubricant and biodiesel were characterized to determine their kinematic viscosity at 40°C, specific gravity, flash point, and pour point. These properties were then compared with those of other bio-lubricants and commercial base lubricants. For biodiesel, the yield was 56%, with a favorable acid value (0.98 mg KOH/g), iodine value (43.41 mg/g), and saponification value (197.4 mg KOH/g). Although, the specific gravity (1.876) was higher than ASTM standard. However, the flash point (112°C) and cloud point (11°C) were within acceptable ranges. The biolubricant produced from desert date oil showed promising results with a high kinematic viscosity of 67.54 mm2/s, a specific gravity of 1.876, a flash point of 120°C and a pour point (−5°C). These results obviously suggest the produced lubricant a suitable for automotive applications possessing good low-temperature performance. The flash point result and the physicochemical properties of the oil aligned well with industrial standards. The comparisons revealed that the produced biolubricant closely matched the properties of SAE VG 220 and SAE VG 40. The findings suggest that the biolubricant and biodiesel derived from desert date seed oil can serve as a viable substitute for petroleum-based lubricants in light gear applications and can be effectively used in two-stroke engines, providing a sustainable alternative to conventional lubricants.
The digital aspects of the wellbeing of university teachers
Authors: Buda András , Kovács Klára
Published: August 2024

Introduction

In the past few decades more and more studies have put the mental health and wellbeing of university lecturers in the limelight, especially considering the fact that lecturers’ scope of responsibilities have been significantly transformed and expanded as a result of the massification and diversification of and structural changes in higher education. These changes intensified the workload, already rather high, thus negatively affecting lecturers’ wellbeing. It is worth investigating how the increasingly marked presence of digital technologies affects the characteristics of teachers’ workload. In this study, we intend to investigate the impact of digitization on the various areas of workload and work activities of university lecturers at a large university with many faculties, on the one hand, and teachers of institutions teaching in minority languages, on the other.

Methods

The online questionnaire compiled and based on the findings of our previous qualitative study was completed by teachers at one of Hungary’s biggest universities, the University of Debrecen, and lecturers at other institutions of higher education providing for the Hungarian ethnic minority across borders and affiliated with the University of Debrecen, altogether 596 people. The database created obtaining the data was named Central and Eastern European Teachers in Higher Education (CEETHE, 2023), IBM SPSS 29 software was used to analyze the data.

Results

Digital technology plays a basic role in lecturers’ work. Its importance is shown by the fact that the majority of respondents (54%) experiences significant or very severe stress in connection to technological problems. The majority of time spent with digital devices is included in working hours, so these technologies play a prominent role in dissolving the boundaries between professional and private life. Furthermore, many people find their use more exhausting than mental work performed without relying on them.

Conclusion

By continuously developing the digital competency of university lecturers it is possible to mitigate the stress triggered by technological problems as well as reduce screen time. It is necessary to ensure that institutions of higher education introduce policies that ensure work-life balance for teachers.
Administrative and leadership requirements for implementing evidence-based practices in special education programs: the perspective of special education teachers
Authors: Alsuhaymi Abdulaziz , Alhammadi Muteb , Eltantawy Mahmoud Mohamed
Published: August 2024

Administrative and leadership requirements are crucial to the application of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in special education. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the availability of administrative and leadership requirements for applying EBPs in special education programs from the teachers’ perspective, as well as determine the differences in their availability depending on the variables of disability category (intellectual disability (ID), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and learning disabilities (LDs)) and school stage (e.g., primary or middle school). The sample included 243 special education teachers working in the city of Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire on the administrative and leadership requirements for implementing EBPs in special education programs (prepared by the researchers) was used to collect data. The results revealed the availability (which ranged from moderate to high) of administrative and leadership requirements for implementing EBPs. Moreover, there were differences in the availability of administrative and leadership requirements according to students’ disability category; these differences were in favor of the learning disability group. However, there were no differences according to the academic stage. We recommend conducting further research on administrative and leadership requirements using different methods.
Beyond fidelity: unveiling the landscape of teacher adaptation in social and emotional learning programs
Authors: Lovett Joshua M. , Schonert-Reichl Kimberly A. , Zinsser Katherine M. , Lawlor Molly S.
Published: August 2024

Despite the rapid growth of social and emotional learning (SEL) programs, research on program implementation has lagged behind. In the landscape of implementation science for SEL programs, fidelity and dosage are often emphasized, but important aspects like adaptation have largely been neglected. This qualitative study addresses three research questions: (1) do teachers make adaptations when implementing SEL programs? (2) how do teachers adapt these lessons? and (3) why do teachers adapt these lessons? Data on adaptation were obtained from 17 elementary and middle school teachers via interviews and open-ended responses from implementation diaries from two randomized controlled trials of SEL programs. Findings revealed that all teachers made at least one adaptation, including structural adaptations (i.e., changes to content, sequencing, and timing) and process adaptations (i.e., adaptations made to how the lesson was delivered and experienced). Teachers also described reasons for adapting that were broadly due to student factors, program factors, and contextual factors. These results shed light on the numerous ways in which teachers adapt SEL programs and the array of complex reasons that lead to the adaptation of lessons within these types of programs and highlight the critical need to consider teacher adaptations in SEL program implementation. Future research should explore the impact of these adaptations on student outcomes and develop robust methods to capture and analyze adaptations.
Dissecting the mediating role of inflammatory factors in the interaction between metabolites and sepsis: insights from bidirectional Mendelian randomization
Authors: Gong Fangchen , Liu Wenbin , Pei Lei , Wang Xiaofeng , Zheng Xiangtao , Yang Song , Zhao Shanzhi , Xu Dan , Li Ranran , Yang Zhitao , Mao Enqiang , Chen Erzhen , Chen Ying
Published: August 2024

Sepsis, a life-threatening condition, involves complex interactions among metabolic alterations, inflammatory mediators, and host responses. This study utilized a bidirectional Mendelian randomization approach to investigate the causal relationships between 1400 metabolites and sepsis, and the mediating role of inflammatory factors. We identified 36 metabolites significantly associated with sepsis (p < 0.05), with AXIN1, FGF-19, FGF-23, IL-4, and OSM showing an inverse association, suggesting a protective role, while IL-2 exhibited a positive correlation, indicating a potential risk factor. Among these metabolites, Piperine and 9-Hydroxystearate demonstrated particularly interesting protective effects against sepsis. Piperine’s protective effect was mediated through its interaction with AXIN1, contributing to a 16.296% reduction in sepsis risk. This suggests a potential pathway where Piperine influences sepsis outcomes by modulating AXIN1 levels. 9-Hydroxystearate also exhibited a protective role against sepsis, mediated through its positive association with FGF-19 and negative association with IL-2, contributing 9.436% and 12.565%, respectively, to its protective effect. Experimental validation confirmed significantly elevated IL-2 levels and reduced FGF-19, AXIN1, piperine, and 9-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid levels in sepsis patients compared to healthy controls. Piperine levels positively correlated with AXIN1, while 9-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid levels negatively correlated with IL-2 and positively correlated with FGF-19, supporting the Mendelian randomization findings. Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of sepsis, highlighting the unique roles and contributions of specific metabolites and their interactions with inflammatory mediators. This study enhances our understanding of sepsis pathophysiology and opens avenues for targeted therapeutic interventions and biomarker development for sepsis management. However, further research is essential to validate these pathways across diverse populations and fully explore the roles of these metabolites in sepsis.
The effectiveness of 0.5 mg and 1mg of semaglutide in patients with type two diabetes and predictors of response: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Alenzi Sara , Alzahrani Abdullah , Aljaloud Afnan , Alanazi Kamayel , Alarfaj Sumaiah J.
Published: August 2024

Background

Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1-RAs) approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at doses up to 1 mg. The results from randomized control trials and real-world studies revealed that weekly semaglutide was associated with significant improvements in HbA1c and body weight. To our knowledge, no study assessed the effectiveness of using semaglutide for patients with T2DM in the Saudi population. We aim to assess the effectiveness of once weekly SC 0.5 and 1 mg of semaglutide on HbA1c and weight reduction in patients with T2DM in the Saudi population within 12 months of use, evaluate the predictors of response, and compare the effect of the two doses.

Method

This is a retrospective cohort study conducted at Security Force Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Using electronic medical records of patients with type two diabetes who received semaglutide 0.5 or 1 mg for a total duration of at least 12 months of use.

Results

Within the study period of semaglutide use, HbA1c significantly decreased from baseline by -2.1% (-2.3 to -1.91, 95% CI) (P <0.001). While the mean change in weight was -6.19 kg (-6.66 to -5.72, 95% CI) (P<0.001). Moreover, BMI, FBG, total cholesterol, LDL, and TG all decreased significantly from baseline (p<0.001). When comparing the sub-groups of 0.5 and 1 mg doses, although results were numerically favorable of 1 mg, there were no statistically significant differences in HbA1c % (-2.1 ± 1.8 vs. -2.1 ± 1.9, p-value= 0.934, respectively), and weight (-6.1 ± 5 vs. -6.2 ± 4.4 kg, p-value=0.837, respectively). Significant predictors of HbA1c reduction were the duration of DM, baseline HbA1c, and insulin therapy. While the significant predictor for weight reduction was insulin therapy.

Conclusion

This study is document the effectiveness of once-weekly SC semaglutide on glycemic control and weight loss in real-world practice. We recommend a starting goal dose of 0.5 mg and gradual increase of dose based individual patient response. further studies are needed to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of various semagltude doses.
Digital engineering implementation in nuclear demonstration and nonproliferation projects at Idaho National Laboratory
Authors: Finan Ashley E. , Ritter Christopher S. , Suyderhoud Peter A. , Marshall AnnMarie
Published: August 2024

Digital engineering and digital twins are increasingly being used in nuclear energy projects with important impacts. At Idaho National Laboratory, these approaches have been applied in a variety of nuclear energy research, development, and demonstration projects, with key lessons and evolutions occurring for each. In this paper, we describe the use of digital engineering and digital twins in the Versatile Test Reactor design, National Reactor Innovation Center test beds, and nonproliferation analysis of the AGN-201 reactor design. We share key lessons learned for these projects related to tool selection, adoption and training, and working with existing assets versus beginning at the design phase. We also share highlights of future potential uses of digital twins and digital engineering, including using artificial intelligence to perform repetitive design tasks and digital twins to move towards semiautonomous nuclear power plant operations.
The dynamic spatial effects of education investment on carbon emissions: heterogeneous analysis based on north-south differences in China
Authors: Dong Yunhui , Gao Jialin , Qiu Jianyu , Cui Yiniu , Guo Mengyao
Published: August 2024

This article is based on panel data from 266 cities in China from 2009 to 2020. Classical economics theory and Marxist political economy theory are used as the theoretical basis for the study. Static spatial Durbin model regression and dynamic spatial Durbin model regression are conducted to analyze the impact of education investment on carbon dioxide emissions. The results show that education investment can significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions, not only through spatial spillover effects, but also through dynamic effects over time. The implementation of education investment in one city can have a positive impact on surrounding cities, thereby achieving a certain degree of reduction in carbon emissions. Additionally, the inhibitory effect of education investment on carbon emissions is more significant in the short term. Furthermore, the study found that there is significant heterogeneity in the effect of education investment on carbon dioxide emissions between northern and southern cities, with education investment in southern cities having a more significant effect. This may be related to the industrial structure and climate of southern cities. The conclusions of this study provide useful reference for the development of education policies and environmental protection policies. In the future, the government can increase education investment appropriately to achieve the goal of reducing carbon dioxide emissions. And research has shown that education investment can suppress carbon emissions by influencing changes in energy and industrial structures. Therefore, when using measures to reduce emissions in education investment, we can focus on these two aspects.
Causality between herpes virus infections and allograft dysfunction after tissue and organ transplantation: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Qiu Xiaojuan , Ma Tianjiao , Zhao Shishun , Zheng Zongyu
Published: August 2024

Background

Observational studies have suggested that herpes virus infections increase the risk of allograft dysfunction after tissue and organ transplantation, but it is still unclear whether this association is causal. The aim of this study was to assess the causal relationship between four herpes virus infections and allograft dysfunction.

Methods

We used two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causality between four herpes virus infections — cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) — and allograft dysfunction after tissue and organ transplantation. Based on summary data extracted from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we chose eligible single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables. The Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analysis method, supplemented by Weighted median and MR-Egger analyses. The MR-PRESSO test, MR-Egger intercept test, heterogeneity test, leave-one-out analysis and funnel plot were used to analyze the sensitivity of MR results.

Results

We found EBV early antigen-D (EA-D) antibody levels and shingles were the only two variables associated with an increased risk of allograft dysfunction. No evidence of allograft dysfunction increasing the risk of the four herpes virus infections was observed. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of our results.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that EBV and VZV are involved in graft rejection or dysfunction. However, the relationship between CMV and HSV infections and allograft dysfunction remains unclear and requires further clarification.
Immunological characterization of IgG subclass deficiency reveals decreased Tregs and increased circulating costimulatory and regulatory immune checkpoints
Authors: Wågström Per , Hjorth Maria , Appelgren Daniel , Björkander Janne , Dahle Charlotte , Nilsson Mats , Nilsdotter-Augustinsson Åsa , Ernerudh Jan , Nyström Sofia
Published: August 2024

Background

Immunoglobulin G subclass deficiencies (IgGsd) comprise a wide clinical spectrum from no symptoms to repeated respiratory infections and risk for the development of lung damage. Our aims were to investigate whether the immunological phenotype of IgGsd patients on and off immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) was reflected in the clinical features of IgGsd.

Method

Thirty patients with IgGsd were included in this prospective study of 18 months of IgRT, followed by 7-18 months of IgRT discontinuation. Blood samples were collected when patients were on and off IgRT and compared with samples from 34 cross-sectional healthy controls. An in-depth lymphocyte phenotyping was performed by flow cytometry and plasma levels of immune checkpoints were assessed.

Results

IgG3 subclass deficiency was most common. Patients with IgGsd had decreased levels of activated T cells and B cells and plasma levels of negative immune checkpoint molecules correlated negatively with T cell and B cell activation. The decreased T cell activation level was unaffected by IgRT, while the B cell activation was partly restored. Of note, decreased levels of activated regulatory T cells (Tregs) were found in IgGsd patients and was partly restored during IgRT. The profile of comorbidities did not associate with Treg levels.

Discussion

IgGsd is associated with decreased B cell and T cell activation including Tregs, and increased plasma levels of negative immune checkpoint molecules. The consequence of reduced activated Tregs in IgGsd remains unclear. Decreased immune cell activation was partly restored during IgRT, demonstrating that IgRT may contribute to improved immune function in patients with IgGsd.