bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finding of a Population of Active Galactic Nuclei Showing a Significant Luminosity Decline in the Past ∼103–104 yr
Authors: Pflugradt Janek , Ichikawa Kohei , Akiyama Masayuki , Kokubo Mitsuru , Vijarnwannaluk Bovornpractch , Noda Hirofumi , Chen Xiaoyang
Published: October 2022

Recent observations have revealed an interesting active galactic nucleus (AGN) subclass that shows strong activity at large scales (∼1 kpc) but weaker at small scales (<10 pc), suggesting a strong change in the mass accretion rate of the central engine in the past 103–104 yr. We systematically search for such declining or fading AGNs by cross-matching the Sloan Digital Sky Survey type 1 AGN catalog at z < 0.4, covering the [O iii] λ5007 emission line, which is a tracer for the narrow-line region emission, with the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) mid-infrared (MIR) catalog covering the emissions from the dusty tori. Out of the 7653 sources, we found 57 AGNs whose bolometric luminosities estimated from the MIR band are at least one order of magnitude fainter than those estimated from the [O iii] λ5007 emission line. This luminosity-declining AGN candidate population shows four important properties: (1) the past AGN activity estimated from the [O iii] λ5007 line reaches approximately the Eddington limit; (2) more than 30% of the luminosity-declining AGN candidates show a large absolute variability of ΔW1 > 0.45 mag in the previous ∼10 yr at the WISE 3.4 μm band; (3) the median ratio of log([N ii] λ6584/Hα
λ6563) = −0.52, suggesting a lower gas metallicity and/or higher ionization parameter compared to other AGN populations; and (4) the second-epoch spectra of the population indicate a spectral type change for 15% of the sources. This population provides insights on the possible connection between the luminosity decline that started ∼103–104 yr ago and the decline in the recent 10 yr.
The First Direct Measurement of Gravitational Potential Decay Rate at Cosmological Scales and Improved Dark Energy Constraint
Authors: Dong Fuyu , Zhang Pengjie , Sun Zeyang , Park Changbom
Published: October 2022

The integrated Sachs–Wolfe (ISW) effect probes the decay rate (DR) of large-scale gravitational potential and therefore provides a unique constraint on dark energy (DE). However, its constraining power is degraded by the ISW measurement, which relies on cross-correlating with the large-scale structure (LSS) and suffers from uncertainties in galaxy bias and matter clustering. In combination with lensing-LSS cross correlation, DR can be isolated in a way free of uncertainties in galaxy bias and matter clustering. We applied this proposal to the combination of the Data Release 8 galaxy catalog of DESI imaging surveys and Planck cosmic microwave background maps. We achieved the first DR measurement, with a total significance of 3.2σ. We verified the measurements at three redshift bins ([0.2, 0.4), [0.4, 0.6), [0.6, 0.8]), with two LSS tracers (the “low-density points” and the conventional galaxy positions). Despite its relatively low signal-to-noise ratio, the addition of DR significantly improves dark energy constraints, over Sloan Digital Sky Survey baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data alone or Pantheon supernovae (SNe) compilation alone. For flat wCDM cosmology, the improvement in the precision of Ω
m
is a factor of 1.8 over BAO and 1.5 over SNe. For the DE equation of state w, the improvement factor is 1.3 over BAO and 1.4 over SNe. These improvements demonstrate DR as a useful cosmological probe, and therefore we advocate its usage in future cosmological analysis.
Double Shells of the Planetary Nebula NGC 7009 Minor Axis
Authors: Lee Seong-Jae , Hyung Siek , Otsuka Masaaki
Published: October 2022

We analyzed the minor-axis spectra of the elliptical planetary nebula (PN) NGC 7009 observed with Keck HIRES with a 0.″862 × 10″ slit placed at about 7.″5 and 10″ away from the center and a 0.″862 × 14″ slit at the center. The mean densities derived from the integrated [S ii] 6716/6731 Å fluxes along the Keck HIRES slit length indicate a density range of 103.7–104.1 cm−3, while the local densities derived from the slit spectral images show a large local density variation of about 102.8–104.6 cm−3: local densities vary more substantially than values integrated over the line of sight. The expansion rates of the main and outer shells obtained by [S ii] are about 21.7 and 30.0 km s−1, respectively. The kinematic results of the [S ii] spectral lines correspond to the outermost regions of the two shells and are not representative of the whole PN but are closely related to the other emission lines observed in the shell gas. We conclude that the density contrast leads to the formation of the inner shell, while the change in ionization state leads to the formation of the outer shell. We suggest that the inner main and outer shells result from two successive major ejections. The physical conditions of the central star must have been different when these shells first formed.
On the Mass Function of GWTC-2 Binary Black Hole Systems and Their Progenitors
Authors: Park Hye-Jin , Kim Shin-Jeong , Kim Shinna , van Putten Maurice H. P. M.
Published: October 2022

The distribution of LIGO black hole binaries (BBH) shows an intermediate-mass range consistent with the Salpeter initial mass function (IMF) in black hole formation by core-collapse supernovae, subject to preserving binary association. They are effectively parameterized by the mean mass μ with a Pearson correlation coefficient of r = 0.93 ± 0.06 of secondary to primary masses with a mean mass ratio of

q

¯

≃
0.67

, q = M
2/M
1, consistent with the paucity of intermediate-mass X-ray binaries. The mass function of LIGO BBHs is well approximated by a broken power law with a tail μ ≳ 31.4 M
⊙ in the mean binary mass

μ
=

M

1

+

M

2

/

2

. Its power-law index of α

B,true
= 4.77 ± 0.73 inferred from the tail of the observed mass function is found to approach the upper bound 2α

S
= 4.7 of the uncorrelated binary IMF, defined by the Salpeter index α

S
= 2.35 of the IMF of stars. The observed low scatter in BBH mass ratio q evidences equalizing mass transfer in binary evolution prior to BBH formation. At the progenitor redshift

z

′

, furthermore, the power-law index satisfies

α

B

′

>

α

B

in a flat ΛCDM background cosmology. The bound

α

B
,
true

′

≲
2

α

S

hereby precludes early formation at arbitrarily high redshifts

z

′

≫
1

, which may be made more precise and robust with extended BBH surveys from upcoming LIGO O4-5 observations.
Assessment of Awareness, Knowledge and Willingness to Care for COVID-19 Patients by Primary Care Providers in a Southern Nigerian City: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Asibong Udeme , Bisong Elvis , Okpa Henry , Legogie Annette , Asibong Inyang , Alabi Anthonia , Okokon Ita Bassey , Gyuse Abraham , Udonwa Ndifreke
Published: October 2022

Background: Owing to the novel nature of COVID-19, management strategies are poorly understood by most Primary Care Providers (PCPs) especially in the Low and middle-income Countries (LMIC) of the world. If the knowledge of PCPs concerning COVID-19 is enhanced, awareness, perception and attitude towards patient care will improve. Consequently, maximum prevention and control will be achieved. This study aims at assessing the awareness, knowledge and willingness of the PCPs to care for COVID-19 patients in Calabar, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was used to evaluate one thousand one hundred and twenty-six (1126) PCPs actively working in government primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare facilities in Calabar, Nigeria. A total population sampling method was employed and a validated, semi-structured, 33-item questionnaire was used to explore the objectives of the study. Results: Majority (99.4%) of the study participants were aware of COVID-19. Most (68.4%) information regarding COVID-19 came from the social media. Bonferroni Post Hoc test of multiple comparisons revealed that the knowledge score for PCPs in tertiary was significantly higher compared to those in secondary and primary levels of care. Approximately fifty-five percent (55.3%) of the participants did not want to be involved in the management of COVID -19 patients. Conclusion: There is the need to focus and intensify training of the PCPs working at the primary and secondary levels of care in order to increase their awareness, knowledge base, willingness to care for patients and eventually reduce morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19 in the study setting.
Sonia Guimarães fala aos Cadernos de Gênero e Tecnologia
Authors: Casagrande Lindamir Salete
Published: October 2022

Conhecer a trajetória e a forma de pensar de mulheres que atuam em áreas nas quais elas ainda são minoria é fundamental para que entendamos as lutas, conquistas, desafios, obstáculos, preconceitos que se impõe a elas pelo fato de serem mulheres.Nesta entrevista teremos a oportunidade de conhecer Sonia Guimarães, mulher negra que ousou estudar física e se inserir como docente no Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), instituição de renome nacional e reduto dos homens, tanto como docentes quanto como discente.Sem dúvidas, a história de Sonia é inspiradora. Revela que o conhecimento e a capacidade intelectual não são suficientes para cessar o preconceito, tanto por ser mulher quanto por ser negra. Sua presença no ITA é uma afronta às pessoas que se consideram superiores por pertencerem ao sexo masculino e serem brancas.Nos inspiremos em Sonia e nas outras mulheres que tem contribuído com suas lutas, conhecimento e trabalho para mudar o mundo. Sigamos unidas e sejamos resistência.
Colonialidade e inferioridade do conhecimento
Authors: Lopes Vilma De Souza
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo propõe um debate entre autores/as clássicos/as e contemporâneos/as acerca da colonialidade do conhecimento, trazendo como plano de fundo o complexo de inferioridade tratado em Pele Negra, Máscaras Brancas, de Frantz Fanon. Busca-se historicizar a colonialidade para compreender como a mesma colabora, de um lado, para a permanência da História ocidental e eurocentrada como a História única e universal, e de outro para a subalternação das ciências produzidas fora das categorias dominantes.
Kmap Solver: um aplicativo móvel gratuito para o ensino de simplificações pelo mapa de Karnaugh
Authors: Moutinho Adriano Martins , Corrêa de Andrades José Carlos , Pereira José Fernandes , Fontes de Carvalho Ribeiro Rodrigues José Antonio , Camillo Luciano Mendes
Published: October 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é documentar o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo didático para o Google Android – sistema operacional para dispositivos móveis –, capaz de resolver expressões lógicas de até cinco variáveis, mostrando soluções obtidas por meio de mapas de Karnaugh. O mapa de Karnaugh é um método tradicional de simplificação de expressões booleanas que permite, a partir de uma visualização gráfica, encontrar variáveis comuns entre termos, minimizando-os. Apesar de simples, aprender competentemente a técnica operatória do mapa requer treino e exemplos com diversas combinações das variáveis de entrada, o que é propiciado nesse aplicativo. A pesquisa realizada a partir das avaliações obtidas no Google Play revelou que existe interesse de alunos e professores na utilização do aplicativo como suporte didático em aulas de ciência da computação, eletrônica e outras áreas afins, tanto em nível médio técnico como em nível superior. A partir das sugestões coletadas na pesquisa, almejam-se, num trabalho próximo, adaptações do algoritmo utilizado, tornando-o mais versátil, de forma que ele possa ser aplicado a disciplinas mais instrumentais, como Álgebra I.  Além disso, o próprio desenvolvimento do algoritmo aqui apresentado representa um ótimo exercício para o ensino de lógica de programação, além da própria lógica booleana.
Prática pedagógica insubordinada criativamente: o livro infantil Coronavírus como potencializador da alfabetização científica e tecnológica no ensino de ciências nos anos iniciais
Authors: Mesquita Adriano Santos de , Grando Regina Célia
Published: October 2022

Neste artigo analisamos o livro infantil Coronavírus – enquanto produto de uma prática pedagógica insubordinada criativamente – como potencializador da Alfabetização Científica e Tecnológica no Ensino de Ciências nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. A priori, discutimos o que autores como Fourez (1994; 1997) e D’Ambrosio e Lopes (2014; 2015) entendem por alfabetização científica e tecnológica e por insubordinação criativa, respectivamente. Buscamos relacionar tais conceitos ao contexto do Ensino de Ciências que é desenvolvido nos anos iniciais. Nosso objetivo é compreender de que forma o conhecimento científico a respeito da pandemia de coronavírus é abordado no livro para fins da alfabetização científica dos estudantes. A metodologia proposta nessa investigação está circunscrita, basicamente, à nossa análise interpretativa sobre a obra mencionada na perspectiva dos referenciais teóricos de alfabetização científica e tecnológica e da insubordinação criativa. Em nossas análises o livro permite, por meio da linguagem didaticamente transposta aos leitores a que se destina, aproximação ao conhecimento científico recorrendo ao uso de metáforas, comparações e correlações relativas ao cotidiano das crianças; além disso, o conteúdo da obra leva os estudantes à reflexão e lhes permite tomadas de decisão significativas para o bem-estar individual e coletivo, especialmente no que se refere à pandemia disseminada no mundo.
Biofísica da respiração: uma proposta de abordagem com o uso de recursos educacionais digitais
Authors: Cruz Frederico Alan de Oliveira , Machado Natalia Alves , Carvalho Paulo Simeão
Published: October 2022

Nas disciplinas de física destinadas a atender os cursos das áreas biológicas e da saúde no ensino superior duas realidades são encontradas, uma delas onde os conteúdos de física são pouco relacionados com os temas apresentados dentro da área de interesse do público ao qual se destina e a outra onde as disciplinas possuem uma estrutura que enfatiza a relação entre as áreas, ao discutir os princípios físicos que estão relacionados ao funcionamento de estruturas biológicas. A questão é que em ambas as situações não estão previstas ou planificadas, de forma acessível, aulas práticas que permitam a realização de atividades compatíveis com os conteúdos teóricos de biofísica, tornando-se improvável que elas ocorram de forma a dar conta das necessidades de aprendizagem dos estudantes inscritos nessas disciplinas. Deste modo é fundamental que existam materiais e recursos que contribuam com um papel mais ativo por parte dos estudantes para melhorar a aprendizagem, uma vez que a realidade atual é desfavorável para a compreensão adequada dos temas em biofísica. Assim, será apresentado aqui uma discussão das leis envolvidas nos processos respiratórios - Lei de Boyle, Lei de Henry, Lei de Graham – ao propor uma sequência didática, com a utilização dos recursos educativos digitais (REDs), focados em três simulações, que visam apoiar a compreensão das relações matemáticas que descrevem alguns fenômenos físicos descritos e dois pequenos vídeos, que buscam conectar algumas informações pertinentes do que está sendo abordado.
Construção de uma plataforma interativa de controle e monitoramento orçamentário para uma instituição pública de educação profissional e tecnológica
Authors: Alves Dayane , Otani Nilo
Published: October 2022

Ao se tratar da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT), um dos aspectos diretamente relacionado à qualidade do ensino está a questão do orçamento público. Assim, este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o desenvolvimento de uma plataforma interativa de controle e monitoramento orçamentário para uma instituição pública de EPT. A ferramenta foi elaborada com um software de análise de dados e Business Intelligence (BI), com versão gratuita. O propósito da plataforma além de auxiliar no controle e monitoramento do orçamento, é servir de subsídio para a melhor alocação dos recursos recebidos, fomentar a cultura da transparência, otimizar o tempo das atividades relacionadas à execução orçamentária e servir de modelo para outras instituições. Logo, poderá também servir de inspiração para alunos e professores na criação de novos recursos tecnológicos que auxiliem no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. No artigo, além do desenvolvimento da plataforma é evidenciado sua apresentação, aplicação e a validação por um grupo de técnicos-administrativos e docentes da instituição de ensino do estudo de caso.
Produção de um material didático para o ensino de química baseado no modelo da mudança conceitual
Authors: Luz Roberto Alves de Sousa , Almeida Ecton Elliton Feitoza de
Published: October 2022

A elaboração de materiais didáticos fundamentada em pressupostos teóricos da pesquisa em ensino de química pode auxiliar professores em sua prática pedagógica em sala de aula. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de um material didático baseado no modelo da mudança conceitual e a discussão do seu potencial de aplicação no ensino médio. Identificação das ideias dos estudantes, questionamento de suas concepções iniciais, apresentação de novos conceitos e sua aplicação em outros contextos foram os parâmetros utilizados na produção do material. Discutiu-se a proposta confrontando-a com o que a literatura específica aborda. Assim, foi possível verificar como o material didático tem potencial em auxiliar professores na sua ação pedagógica, tendo a possibilidade de ter em mãos uma proposição que se fundamenta em teorias de aprendizagem, de fácil linguagem e flexível às diferentes situações em sala de aula.
Mapeamento das contribuições de atividades experimentais no ensino de ciências
Authors: Camillo Cíntia Moralles , Graffunder Karine Gehrke
Published: October 2022

Este estudo objetivou mapear publicações por meio de uma revisão sistemática de literatura com a finalidade de analisar as contribuições de atividades experimentais no Ensino de Ciências, propostas para o Ensino Fundamental da Educação Básica. Para tanto, utilizou-se a plataforma de busca da Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), no período de 2010 a 2020. Para obtenção dos artigos analisados na BDTD, utilizou-se os descritores em conjunto “Ensino de Ciências”, “Experimentação”, “Atividades Experimentais”, “Educação em Ciências”, “Práticas Experimentais” e “Ensino Fundamental”, dos quais sete trabalhos se encaixaram no critério de inclusão. Por fim, é possível afirmar que ocorreu a aprendizagem significativa em todos os trabalhos, e a maioria das Dissertações e Teses analisadas apresentam argumentos que caracterizam a experimentação como um recurso didático capaz de motivar, despertar o interesse, criar interações entre os alunos e os mesmos com os professores, instigar a criticidade e, fazer com que o aluno relacione a Ciência com a realidade que o cerca.
Movimentos de uso de tecnologias digitais em uma escola pública
Authors: Gomes Caldas Rodrigues Janini , De Oliveira Henrique Ricardo , Scherer Suely
Published: October 2022

Ao discutirmos a evolução da técnica nos deparamos com a evolução do ser humano e em como elas são interdependentes, pois toda transformação tecnológica, seja de informação e/ou comunicação, afeta pessoas, cultura, que reflete na maneira de fazer, ser, viver, conviver, criar, produzir. Partindo de estudos sobre evolução tecnológica, realizamos uma pesquisa em uma escola pública sobre relações entre a evolução da técnica e movimentos de uso de tecnologias digitais na escola. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar aspectos da evolução tecnológica digital, nos últimos dez anos, em uma escola da rede estadual de ensino, e relações com currículos vivenciados até os movimentos atuais de trabalho remoto. A pesquisa foi orientada pela questão: se e como a evolução tecnológica afeta o currículo nas escolas? A produção de dados da pesquisa foi realizada a partir de um questionário e uma entrevista coletiva, grupo focal, com quatro professores que atuavam na escola investigada há mais de dez anos. A partir da análise se concluiu que o processo de evolução de infraestrutura de tecnologias digitais na escola ocorreu de maneira lenta em relação à evolução das mesmas na sociedade, e a partir de políticas governamentais de acesso a computadores e à internet. Quanto aos movimentos provocados nas práticas na escola, esses foram mais visíveis com o uso de ambientes virtuais no primeiro semestre de 2020, em função do isolamento social causado pela pandemia do COVID-19.
Delimitação da cultura lúdica e cultura local para proposição de jogos e atividades lúdicas: uma análise dos diferentes instrumentos de coleta de dados fundamentada em Bourdieu
Authors: Rezende Felipe Augusto de Mello , Martins Laiane Pereira , Oliveira Mariana Fonseca , Soares Márlon Herbert Flora Barbosa
Published: October 2022

Os jogos sempre estiveram presente na vida do ser humano, contudo, no âmbito educacional brasileiro, mais especificamente no ensino de Química/Ciências, sua inserção é recente, e ainda necessita de muito aprofundamento e discussões de cunho teórico/epistemológico. Nesse sentido, pretende-se a partir deste trabalho discutir sobre a importância da cultura para os jogos e atividades lúdicas. A pesquisa utiliza-se de elementos da abordagem qualitativa, exploradas para obtenção de dados descritivos que permitissem identificar os elementos culturais dos estudantes envolvidos (cerca de 84 estudantes de 8° ano de uma escola pública do interior de Goiás), tanto em relação ao ambiente escolar quanto familiar, bem como verificar sua concepção acerca da Ciência, de forma a responder à pergunta de pesquisa: Os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados em consonância com o referencial Bourdieusiano possibilitam compreender a cultura que os estudantes estão imersos? Os resultados possibilitaram identificar a cultura em que os estudantes estão imersos, e sua influência na apropriação dos conhecimentos científicos, uma vez que observou-se obstáculos epistemológicos relacionados ao conhecimento científico, decorrentes de elementos culturais apropriados pelos estudantes ao longo de suas vidas.
La migration de la sensibilité des animaux du Code rural au Code civil
Authors: Leroy Jacques , Marguénaud Jean-Pierre
Published: October 2022

La loi du 10 juillet 1976, relayée un quart de siècle plus tard par l’article L 214-1 du Code rural et de la pêche maritime, a expressément reconnu la qualité d’êtres sensibles des animaux devant être placés par leur propriétaire dans des conditions compatibles avec les impératifs biologiques de leur espèce. Cependant, inscrite dans une loi destinée à protéger la flore et la faune sauvages, cette disposition visait davantage les espèces que les individus et s’inscrivait dans une approche antinomique de protection d’un être sensible en fonction de sa qualité d’être appropriable. Les perspectives ont radicalement changé lorsque la sensibilité des animaux, cantonnée dans le Code rural qui protège d’abord les intérêts d’une catégorie professionnelle, a été également reconnue par le Code civil, considéré comme la Constitution civile des Français au service de l’ensemble de la société civile. À partir du nouvel article 515-14 du Code civil, c’est la sensibilité de tous les animaux, soumis ou préservés de la domination de l’homme, qui est désormais prise en compte. Surtout, le nouveau statut civil de l’animal – désormais reconnu comme un être vivant doué de sensibilité – s’est logiquement articulé à partir de son extraction, laborieuse mais incontestable, de la catégorie des biens. Dès lors, des perspectives de personnification juridique de certains animaux peuvent s’ouvrir, dans la mesure où celle-ci est essentiellement envisagée comme un moyen technique particulièrement commode pour renforcer leur protection.
Vers de nouveaux principes constitutionnels du droit des finances publiques ?
Authors: Oliva Éric
Published: October 2022

Les principes budgétaires ont en France été inscrits essentiellement dans la loi organique relative aux lois de finances. Pour diverses raisons le Conseil constitutionnel a fait le choix de les ériger cependant en principes à valeur constitutionnelle en rattachant directement certains principes comme l’annualité ou la sincérité directement à un ou plusieurs textes du bloc de constitutionnalité et en particulier de la Déclaration de 1789 et de la Constitution de 1958. D’autres principes sont constitutionnalisés, mais avec certaines incertitudes. Enfin, le constituant a directement inscrit en 2008 dans la Constitution certains principes budgétaires et comptables importants et nouveaux. D’autres principes pourraient à l’avenir être également constitutionnalisés, mais se pose alors la question de l’utilité d’une telle démarche.
La médecine générale, une profession d’avenir !
Authors: Battistoni Jacques
Published: October 2022

Cet article s’attache à décrire la fonction soignante du médecin généraliste, médecin traitant, et son utilité pour la santé des patients, puis à exposer les raisons d’un changement inéluctable. Il montre enfin comment le médecin généraliste peut développer un modèle professionnel adapté à notre temps et comment une politique active de soutien aux soins primaires pourrait faciliter cet indispensable changement.
Le métier de conseiller(ère) en génétique
Authors: Mallet Audrey , Lévy Pascale , Jonveaux Philippe
Published: October 2022

Le métier de conseiller(ère) en génétique a été mis en place en France par la loi de bioéthique du 9 août 2004. Face à l’évolution des connaissances et aux progrès technologiques, il répond au flux de plus en plus important de patients qui ont recours à un examen génétique. Le conseiller en génétique intervient lors d’une consultation dédiée, selon une procédure standardisée, sous la responsabilité d’un médecin qualifié en génétique. Le conseiller en génétique exerce au sein d’une équipe pluridisciplinaire dans les établissements de santé publics ou privés et au sein des centres de diagnostic prénatal. Il traduit des données complexes de la génétique en une information claire, adaptée et utile qu’il délivre aux personnes et à leurs familles susceptibles de faire l’objet ou ayant fait l’objet d’un examen des caractéristiques génétiques ou d’une analyse aux fins du diagnostic prénatal. Il s’agit d’un conseil génétique qui se veut non directif, visant à accompagner la personne dans sa décision et son parcours de soins en assurant la liaison avec l’ensemble des acteurs du système socio-sanitaire. La loi de bioéthique du 2 août 2021 a élargi les missions du conseiller en génétique qui, sous la responsabilité du médecin qualifié en génétique, peut être amené à prescrire certains examens de biologie médicale et à communiquer les résultats à la personne concernée, en accord avec le médecin sous la responsabilité duquel il intervient.
Biotechnology firms, signals, and venture capital investment
Authors: Solé Udina Ernest , Domingo-Perez Susana , Amat Oriol
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Biotechnology has gained such prominence that approximately 50% of the new drugs developed in the world are of biotechnological origin. Some of the Covid-19 vaccines are a good example of this. The biotechnology R&D projects are characterized by high costs, prolonged development times, and a high degree of uncertainty and failure. Few types of financial agents undertake such a risky investment: venture capital firms invest in high-tech, high-risk companies. In this paper, we analyze the signals that influence venture capital investment decisions.Design/methodology/approach: Hypotheses about the effectiveness of these signals are validated by means of a probit regression with panel data on a sample of 210 biotechnology companies established in Spain over a ten-year period.Findings: Positive and negative signalling effect has been found for some of the phenomena analysed, which validate the proposed model.Research limitations/implications: A convenience sample has been used for methodological reasons, and some phenomena that could have some effect on the venture capital investment decisions have not been possible to observe, due to the lack of available data.Practical implications: It can be crucial for biotechnology firms that their managers know which characteristics make these firms attractive to venture capital firms. Additionally, it is important to know those signals that, instead of favouring this investment, deter it.Originality/value: The focus on the first venture capital investment -instead of the most usual focus on the amount invested- as an event that mitigates the information asymmetry level, the use of a probit regression with panel data, and such a quantitative analysis on the Spanish biotech industry, never done before, highlight the originality of this work.
Long-Term Retinal Vascular Changes in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Measured Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Lee Sophie C. , Rusakevich Alexander M. , Amin Aana , Tran Steven , Emami-Naeini Parisa , Moshiri Ala , Park Susanna S. , Yiu Glenn
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To determine if age-related macular degeneration (AMD) status affects longitudinal retinal vessel changes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Retrospective, cohort study of 125 eyes (75 patients) with AMD, following retinal vessel density (VD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) measurements using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) over 24 months.

RESULTS:

FAZ area (
P
< .001) and perimeter (
P
< .001) increased over 2 years, with no difference between nonexudative and exudative AMD (
P
= .134–.976). Eyes with geographic atrophy (GA) showed greater progressive VD loss (
P
= .023–.038), and greater increase in FAZ area (
P
= .044) and perimeter (
P
= .040) compared to eyes without GA. Neither baseline nor 2-year change in vascular parameters were associated with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) or GA incidence in nonexudative AMD, or anti-VEGF injection frequency in exudative AMD (
P
= .070–.952).

CONCLUSION:

AMD eyes with GA undergo more rapid loss of retinal vessel density and FAZ enlargement over 2 years, suggesting a relationship between the retinal vasculature and AMD pathophysiology.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2022;53:529–536.]
Intravitreal Methotrexate for the Prevention and Treatment of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Balas Michael , Abdelaal Ahmed , Popovic Marko M. , Kertes Peter J. , Muni Rajeev H.
Published: October 2022

This systematic review evaluates the role of methotrexate (MTX) as an adjunctive intravitreal agent for the prevention and treatment of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Articles investigating the use of MTX in ≥5 patients with PVR or high risk of PVR were identified via searches of OVID MED-LINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. Eight studies and 240 eyes were included. Patients received an average 2.2 MTX injections with doses ranging from 250 to 400 µg. After 10 months of follow-up in the three controlled trials, there was an 80% retinal re-attachment rate and 0.63 logMAR improvement in visual acuity for patients receiving MTX (
n
= 106), compared to an 83% reattachment rate and 0.30 logMAR improvement for controls (
n
= 91). Three mild complications related to MTX were reported. Further research is required given the low number of studies and quality of evidence, heterogenous case selection and treatment regimens, high risk of bias, and lack of randomization.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2022;53:561–568.]
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER-JET ASSEMBLY UNDER REVERSE STATE
Authors: Long Y , Zhong J , Zhu R , Chen J , Zhang Y
Published: October 2022

Although the water-jet assembly has a lot of shipping applications after its development and has a good reputation, it is not known whether this creation 40 years ago can withstand the verification of modern CFD technology. Through the CFD calculation of water-jet assembly under forward state and reverse state, the internal flow of water-jet assembly during forward state and reverse state is studied. The results show that the flow characteristics of the water-jet assembly in the reverse state are different from the original design intention. There are reverse jets on both sides of the gap between the nozzle and the built-up rudder, and the non-twisted blades of the guide vane cannot completely eliminate the circumferential velocity of the fluid after the work of the impeller. Therefore, the built-up rudder and guide vane of waterjet assembly may need to be further optimized.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF THE NOZZLE FLOW OF A WATERJET MODEL
Authors: Zhang Z , Yang C , Chen G , Gong J
Published: October 2022

The waterjet thrust is calculated usually according to the momentum theorem by obtaining the momentum flux at the inlet and nozzle. Most of the relevant studies focus on the inlet flow, but less on the nozzle flow. The conventional method is to assume that the nozzle flow is uniform, which is different from the actual situation and may affect the accuracy of waterjet thrust prediction. In this paper, A waterjet flow was calculated by RANS method and verified by the experiment. Finally, the differences between the real flow profile and the conventional assumed one are compared, and the influence on the nozzle momentum and the thrust are analyzed. According to the results, the axial momentum flux of the non-uniform flow is greater than that of the uniform one.
THE VIABILITY OF LOW-CARBON FUELS & GREEN TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE FRONT-LINE NAVAL VESSEL
Authors: Newman S , Beard T
Published: October 2022

With the global drive to decarbonise, this paper will explore what evolving, largely commercial shipping-led ‘green’ solutions can realistically be applied to a front-line naval vessel, and what operational compromises must be made to fulfil green ambitions. It will conclude by investigating what a reduced-emission frigate may look like by examining ship design guidelines for methanol fuel.
Mix design and physical and mechanical properties of pervious concretes
Authors: Ximenes J. , Jesus C. , Aguiar J. , Pais J.
Published: October 2022

Fast-growing climate changes are known to have diverse impacts worldwide, even in large cities. Pervious concrete can be a successful safety solution for increasingly frequent heavy rains and floods. This study focuses on achieving an optimized pervious concrete within the scope of international standards by analyzing concretes made with different W/C ratios and vibration times. The results of the study show the strong influence of parameters such as porosity, permeability, and mechanical strengths. Concrete with 0.35 W/C ratio and 40 seconds vibration time was selected for its adequate physical and mechanical properties.
University Students’ Attitudes towards the Application of Quizizz in Learning English as a Foreign Language
Authors: Pham Anh Tuan
Published: October 2022

Many educational technology-based tools have been employed in language classrooms worldwide. The application of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) and mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) platforms has been implemented in most higher education institutions. Quizizz has emerged and is applied by many language instructors. This study aims to investigate university students’ attitudes towards the use of Quizizz in their English language learning. The employment of both quantitative and qualitative methods was to identify the extent university students expressed their attitudes and satisfaction as well as the correlation between them. This study was carried out under the participation of 116 university students through a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The results showed that students had positive attitudes towards the application of Quizizz in learning English (M=3.989, SD=.592). The level of satisfaction perceived by students was also high (M=4.078, SD=.760). There was a strong correlation between students’ attitudes and satisfaction, in which students’ behavior was more considerable than affective and cognitive components. Although students preferred Quizizz because it could enhance students’ motivation and engagement, and memory, some issues were raised for Quizizz developers and teachers to upgrade and correct mistakes and errors in Quizizz games. In general, it is recommended that Quizizz be preferable as a useful tool for English language learning and teaching.
Construction and Coordination Mechanism of College Students’ Employment and Labor Relations in the Internet+ Environment
Authors: Zuo Baike , Gao Juan
Published: October 2022

Revealing the law of two-way selection between college students and employers is of great value to the proper construction of college students’ employment and labor relations and the coordination of employment issues. So far, there has been little research on the feasibility testing of building a harmonious employment and labor relations network for college students and on the coordination countermeasures for employment issues. To this end, this paper studies the construction and coordination mechanism of college students’ employment and labor relations in the Internet+ environment. Firstly, the spatial autocorrelation of the distribution of college students’ employment and labor relations was checked based on Moran’s I index, and a random effect spatial Durbin model was constructed based on the employment data of college students in the study region within the study period to study and analyze the spatial effects of colleges and majors on the construction of college students’ employment and labor relations in the region. Then, based on the simple graph neural network theory, a representation learning method was put forward for college students’ employment and labor relations network, and the employment and labor relations of college students was built through full utilization of the implicit structural similarity existing in the known employment and labor relations network of college students. The experimental results verified the effectiveness of the proposed construction method.
Digital Literacy Needs for Online Learning Among Peri-Urban, Marginalised Youth in South Africa
Authors: Adam Taskeen
Published: October 2022

As online learning modes become more common, this can exacerbate educational inequalities for learners who do not have the ability to utilise these modes effectively. This has been seen in the COVID-19 crisis where there has been a shift to remote and distance learning modalities despite the limited ability for all learners to benefit equitably. In particular, digital literacy remains a fundamental barrier to benefitting from online and blended learning. This paper reports on a study that investigated the digital literacy needs and preferences of peri-urban, marginalised youth when utilising online and blended learning in South Africa and how online education platforms can be designed to better suit such groups. It is argued that for online courses to truly support marginalised groups, it needs to be ensured that these learners are digitally equipped and digitally literate in terms of accessing, utilising, and benefitting equitably from online learning.
Machine Learning to Classify Religious Communities and Detect Extremism on Social Networks
Authors: Adel Berhoum , Meftah Mohammed Charaf Eddine , Laouid Abdelkader , Hammoudeh Mohammad
Published: October 2022

Religion is a source of mercy and peace; religious texts are one of the most critical parts of a culture's heritage, and they affect societies often in a big way; sadly, misconceptions can also make some religious people extremists. Modern social networks provide a platform for people to express themselves share their opinions and show their affiliations on many topics. This generates data in many forms like photos, videos, and texts. The authors used predefined machine learning (ML) to classify and analyze textual data from social networks. In this paper, they focus on two types of classification: religious and extremist. Extremism is independent of religious text, and therefore, they classify them separately. The work uses and compares several algorithms to classify textual data from social networks. The proposed model has achieved 93.33% accuracy for religious classification and 97% accuracy for extremism detection.
Comparison of Wind Tunnel Tiltrotor Loads of Two Hub Types Under Different Pylon Angles with Multibody Dynamics Analyses
Authors:   University of Alabama, Baggett Jennifer ,   U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Army Research Laboratory, Kreshock Andrew , Shen Jinwei
Published: October 2022

Loads and harmonics calculations for a wind tunnel tiltrotor model built by the U.S. Army are presented. Blade loads are calculated using the comprehensive analysis, CAMRAD II, and the multibody dynamics analysis, Dymore, for helicopter, airplane, and transition modes of flight at various velocity and pylon angles. These calculations were performed for both a gimballed hub and hingeless hub configurations. Mean variations show a primary trend along the radial station is consistent among both hub types. Half peak-to-peak comparisons show excellent agreement based on the analysis in helicopter and airplane mode. During transition flight some deviations occur within the hingeless hub type confiruation. The analytical vibratory blade loads generally match in waveforms for both the gimballed and hingeless hub configurations. Dymore and CAMRAD II show good agreement among the harmonics for both the gimballed and hingeless hub configurations with both the flapwise bending moment and chordwise bending moment cases relatively similar. Good agreement is identified particularly in airplane mode and higher flight speeds.
Aeroelastic Loads and Stability of Swept-Tip Hingeless Tiltrotors Toward 400 knots Flutter-Free Cruise
Authors:   University of Maryland, Gul Seyhan , Datta Anubhav
Published: October 2022

A hingeless hub tiltrotor with swept-tip blades was examined comprehensively with a new rotorcraft aeromechanics solver developed at the University of Maryland. The solver was verified with hypothetical U.S. government results and validated with Boeing M222 test data from 1972. A 20◦ sweep back from 80%R increased instability speed to 395 knots, an improvement of 70 knots. The key mechanism is the aerodynamic center shift. The trade-off is the increase in control system loads. Fundamental understanding of the physics is provided. Air resonance emerged as the critical phenomenon, not whirl flutter. Predictions in powered mode is necessary. At least first rotor flap, lag, and torsion modes need to be included. Rotor aerodynamics should use airfoil tables; wing aerodynamics is not important for air resonance. Analysis shows high speed flight is achievable with 13.5% wings but systematic wind tunnel tests with modern equipment is necessary for further validation.
In Search of Extreme Limits of a Compound Helicopter in High Speed Flight
Authors:   University of Maryland, Maurya Shashank , Chopra Inderjit , Datta Anubhav
Published: October 2022

The analysis of multiple compound configurations is performed systematically to enhance the cruise speed and efficiency of a rotorcraft. Comprehensive analysis is performed using modified UMARC including a refined time marching freewake to capture the interactions between rotor, wing, and propeller wake. Maximum cruise speeds of 193 knots and 240 knots are achieved with only 10% and 20% reduction in rotor RPM respectively. However, it requires both lift and thrust compounding. Two types of lift compounding are considered: half-wing on the retreating side (lift offset) and full-wing with double the area (no lift offset). The most prominent aerodynamic interaction is seen between the rotor and the wing, and it creates slight asymmetry in wing lift between advancing and retreating sides of the full-wing case. The propeller experiences small vibratory loads from the main rotor downwash, which is one per main rotor revolution, but provides no feedback to the rotor wake. Half-wing with a propeller is found more efficient than the full-wing with a propeller. Therefore, half-wing with a pusher propeller can be an optimum compound configuration for high-speed cruise.
Comparative efficacy of ketamine, lidocaine, acetaminophen, and dexmedetomidine combined with morphine patient-controlled analgesia in treating opium-addicted patients undergoing tibia fracture surgery
Authors: Modir Hesameddin , Moshiri Esmail , Azami Mehran , Zad Maryam Joshaghani , Hashiani Amir Almasi
Published: October 2022

Objective:

To compare the effect of ketamine, lidocaine, acetaminophen, and dexmedetomidine combined with morphine patient-controlled analgesia for opium addicts after tibial fracture surgery.

Methods:

This double-blind clinical trial included opium-addicted patients undergoing tibia fracture surgery. Patients were recruited and randomized to four different groups including the ketamine group, the lidocaine group, the acetaminophen group, and the dexmedetomidine group. The hemodynamic parameters such as heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure, and arterial SaO2, alongside visual analog scale pain scores, sedation assessed by Ramsay score, nausea and vomiting, and opioid use were recorded and compared among the four groups.

Results:

This study included 140 patients, aged 37 (32, 41) years, with 92 males and 48 females, and each group had 35 patients. Dexmedetomidine-sedated subjects had the lowest blood pressure from 1 to 24 h after surgery, decreased HR at 12 and 24 h after surgery, and more satisfactory sedation (P<0.05). Notwithstanding no significant difference was noted in the pain scores, or nausea and vomiting among the groups (P>0.05).

Conclusions:

Dexmedetomidine has a better sedation effect compared to ketamine, lidocaine, and acetaminophen for pain control, but the final choice hinges on the patients’ physical condition and the anesthesiologist's preference.

Clinical registarion:

It is registered in Iranian Registry Clinical Trial by code IRCT20141209020258N146.
COVID-19 presentation as acute pancreatitis
Authors: Kumar Abhyuday , Valiyaparambath A. , Kumar Neeraj , Kumar Amarjeet , Kumar Ajeet
Published: October 2022

Rationale:

The gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. However, pancreatitis as the presentation of COVID-19 is rarely reported.

Patient’s Concern:

A 63-year-old COVID-19 patient presented with complaints of abdominal pain and difficulty breathing for 5 d.

Diagnosis:

Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen suggested acute interstitial pancreatitis without any biliary tract obstruction.

Interventions:

The patient was resuscitated with intravenous fluids based on dynamic parameters of fluid responsiveness. The patient was started on enteral feeding, analgesics, antibiotics, dexamethasone, low molecular weight heparin, and supportive therapy.

Outcomes:

The patient developed severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and died 6 days after admission.

Lessons:

Management of COVID-19 in the presence of pancreatitis is challenging. Adequate early fluid resuscitation is an important aspect of medical management for COVID-19 patients with pancreatitis and restrictive strategies must be followed. Increased liver enzymes and renal dysfunction in acute pancreatitis can also limit the use of specific therapies like remdesivir. Dexamethasone, even though it has shown a beneficial effect in treating COVID-19, can have an additive effect in causing hyperglycemia in these cases. Clinicians should be aware of this atypical presentation of COVID-19 with pancreatitis and adjust their management strategies, keeping in mind the considerations for both diseases.