bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Routing based on maximizing Output in underwater sensor networks
Authors: Arzani Galea Noy Mohsen , Aghajeri Saheb
Published: March 2022

In this study we want to optimize routing in underwater sensor networks through considering  the spatial distribution of network's sensor nodes  and their energy consumption limitation such that the overload of  layer routing protocol (including  the number of message passing  specified to  routing  operation and  waiting time for upper layers)  on  network output will be decrease, The main feature of this study is simultaneously considering   the model of  underwater  channel, geometric distribution of  network and transaction of network layer  and MAC sub layer  is solving routing problem. In this study  we present  a routing mathematical  model with the capacity of sink movement in wireless sensor networks. We introduce  an algorithm to compute  the DS in  certain modeled networks as a graph. Through simulation, presented design will be evaluated and  investigated ,Our presented  design  is  Depth and Energy Aware Dominating Set based Algorithm (DEADS) ( an algorithm based on  depth and energy) .  In this study  we  applied MATLAB software for simulation.  Finally  we conclude  that the durability and the trend  of active nodes  in each period  of our presented design  is better suggesting that  the  applicability and capacity of  our plan was improved,  Also  the energy consumption of our design  is as a result of  more transfer number. Also, head-to-head delay  is lower and partially it is followed  from  the  same  paradigm.
Reliability analysis of lead-free soldering
Authors: Fatehi Akbar , Khayyati Gholamreza
Published: March 2022

In this research, analysis of the reliability of lead-free soldering was investigated and a qualitative analysis was discussed about fracture modes of lead-free solder under different tensional tests such as: releasing test, bending test, thermal test and vibration test. Cracks caused by fatigue is the main reason of lead-free soldering`s fracture؛ primary cracking speed can change according to the different test conditions and different soldering materials. A quantitative analysis was also carried out on the behavior of lead-free soldering`s fatigue SAC (copper and silver) under preheating conditions. This dissertation presents a method for predicting the fracture lifetime of soldering alloys by creating the Weibull regression model. The lifetime of solder fracture is supposed on orbital board which was been distributed in the form of Weibull. Different test materials and conditions can affect distribution following changes of formation parameters and Weibull distribution scale. The method used in this thesis is modeling regression of parameters under different test conditions as a predictor based on Bayesian inference concepts. In the process of creating regression models, former distributions are done according to previous studies and the Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) has been used under the WinBUGS environment. The results showed that in general, lead-free solder alloy shows a good fracture lifetime. The alloy with a low mercury had a higher fracture lifetime While the alloy with a high mercury value had a longer fracture lifetime under the thermal precondition process.
On Surjectivity Methods
Authors: Habibi Mooakher A.
Published: March 2022

Let w be a pointwise semi-Cauchy class. We wish to extend the results of [33, 32] to embedded, Siegel{Sylvester, smoothly reducible lines. We show that  Recent interest in elements has centered on constructing Milnor {Cardano classes. Next, unfortunately, we cannot assume that every Dedekind, semi-independent, Jordan{Perelman subgroup acting sub-canonically on a sub-unconditionally Hausdorff, globally integrable, conditionally hyper-one-to-one isometry is projective.
Introducing the Innovative Course of Architecture Modeling and Rendering (R.S.V.P)
Authors: Sardari Maziar , Bavar Sirous
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, software and three-dimensional (3D) modelling play a vital role in architecture. It can be truly stated that sketch is the first and fastest way to express opinions and ideas for design; however, the final output of any idea and concept in current world should be presented as a three-dimensional output in order to reveal more details and effect on audience because of its visual beauty. In our dear country, Iran, all of employers, referees, architects, academic professors, etc. except nothing form final output unless a beautiful and high-quality 3D. On the other hand, graduated architects should be able to work with architectural 3D software if they want to be employed in private and governmental design companies. This study was conducted to introduce a new method for 3D architectural design for the first time using applied-developmental method, a method that provides the most suitable output within short time merging simple and understandable commands of four programs (software). The final output of this method was confirmed by employers of architecture in terms of occupation, also by referees of architecture competitions and academic professors in terms of education.
How to Influence the Native Environment Design on Ecotourism (Case Study: Aras Zone)
Authors: Atazadeh Ebrahim , Mahmoudi Zarandi Mahnaz
Published: March 2022

Aras free trade zone has a great potential in tourism industry development because of having specific economic situation, placement in zero boundary point, climate and natural varieties, various cultural-historical, natural, sport, industrial, and geographical tourism attractions along with commercial transactions with European countries and transit road to the northwest of the country. The existence of communicative infrastructures and having national electricity, water, gas, and telephone network, access paths quality have provided proper conditions to utilize this zone in tourism industry relatively. Nonetheless, lack of welfare-service facilities and tourism recreational designs are the facing problems of this industry in Aras free zone. Therefore, features of this environment that can be effective based on the adapted designing principles with cultural and native elements were studied with sustainable architecture approach and considering sustainable development bases in rural areas, introduction of the present conditions regarding to the feasibility studies and identification of disadvantages and defects for tourism necessities in zone using natural present facilities in definition of application and identification of the present defects in space definition.
Applied Phenomenology The Analysis of the Azadi Tower (Shahyad) through hermeneutic Phenomenology
Authors: Torkzadeh Mahani Parastoo , Roohizadeh Amir Reza
Published: March 2022

Importing philosophical musings on architecture in design and review of building is one of the concerns of the contemporary world and especially Iran.  It should be noted that finding a true perspective to express the thoughts of one philosopher is more difficult than expressing his thoughts. However, if attention is not paid from the beginning the mind can be placed in a route that without hesitation and realistic assessment would consider those thoughts entirely rejected or accepted. Meantime, nearly half a century ago the philosophical sense of phenomenology developed among philosophers, but how this approach can be used in the analysis and interpretation of an architectural work, will be the key question. Phenomenology as a method to study the nature of phenomena and objects have been proposed based on the originality of the witnesses; the general rule is to return to objects away from prejudice, in other words putting in parenthesis the unnecessary parts of a phenomenon that Husserl mentions it as “epoche”, till the time you achieve its nature as well as suspending cultural, social, ideological, biased assumptions and the effect of new sciences, this is the goal that phenomenologists through it aims to achieve direct experience of the world around. One of the effects of this philosophy school in the field of theoretical architecture, is opening the topics in location phenomenology, place of text in architectural design, as well as the importance of issues such as mental phenomenology and its impact on the criticizing the architectural works. It’s an experimental approach based on observation that seeks for better identification of the location and structure to attain better communicate and accompany human being and the environment around him. Togetherness of the man and the world around (subject and object), in facing the Cartesian thought is one of the main objectives of phenomenology. In this approach the people and the environment are not separate, but intertwined, and each one is causing the other. In this study, based on concepts of phenomenology and especially the ideas of Heidegger from the perspective of hermeneutic text the architecture of the Azadi Tower has been studied and analyzed. Therefore through survey method and using descriptive - inferential method studied the construction of the Azadi Tower looked and the results indicated that Heidegger approach can be used in reading an architectural work and from qualitative descriptive approach to this tower to what extent it is the symbol of a 2500 years old civilization.
Path planning of a quadruped robot on a flat surface using ZMP for stability
Authors: Khalili Heidar
Published: March 2022

In this paper a novel method for gait trajectory design of a point legged quadruped robot with 18 degree of freedom on a flat surface is proposed. The exact model of the mechanical parts of the robot including four legs and the body and all joints will be derived and used in gait trajectory planning. Inverse dynamics of the quadruped are formulized using Denavit-Hartenberg (DH) convention. Bezier curves are used for trajectory planning. Effects of body and legs on Zero Moment Point (ZMP) will be analyzed separately. By manipulating free parameters, a stable gait trajectory will be designed according to ZMP dynamic stability criterion. Simulations are done using Matlab and Mathematica software which show good performance of the novel method proposed.
Implementing a new Torus network with intra-chip encryption
Authors: Mubarakali Azath , Mavaluru Dinesh , Ramakrishnan Jayabrabu
Published: March 2022

In recent years, the ad hoc network has emerged as a solution to the challenges of designing high-performance complex systems at the nanoscale. Maintaining information security in complex systems is an important issue. Therefore, this paper presents a new topology based on the Torres network with encryption capability to build internal network interfaces on the chip with tens or even hundreds of processor units considering the need for information security. The main platform for inter-chip communication is the PRDT network (2.1) and the basic encryption algorithm, RC6. Designing a new node and modifying the source and switched source network PRDT (2,1) encrypts the algorithm based on the RC6 accelerated algorithm. Evaluations performed by the synthesis of this method on the FPGA shows that this provides a 21% overhead of approximately 6% increase in hardware resources that cannot be compromised.
The effect of twisted polymer fibers on the physical and mechanical properties of C35 concrete
Authors: Tanveer Majid Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Concrete as the most used material, is known as an integral part of construction. So far, many studies have been done in the field of improving the quality of concrete that most of them have examined change in concrete mix design; however, the use of additives and also replacing commonly used materials in concrete with new materials always has been considered. Today, different fibers, especially Forta fibers, are used. In this study, experiments on Forta fiber- reinforced concrete are described. The concrete mixing design and Forta fiber properties are also briefly described. The comparison between the results of the tests showed that Forta fiber- reinforced concretes have more bending strength and modulus of elasticity than normal and ordinary concretes.
Evaluating the rotation of the main stress and strain axes and the lack of their rotation coaxiality using Multi laminate theory
Authors: Anatolii Smetankin , Alexey Khoroshko , Yerdos Amankulov , Valentin Simakov
Published: March 2022

The soil behavior depends on various factors such as stress path during loading. Most soil behavior models are independent of stress and strain and are therefore unable to predict soil behavior while rotating the main stress and strain axes. According to Multi-laminate theory, in pasty elastic behavior due to the necessity of reflecting the development of stress and strain and its directions on plates passing through a point, the information of these changes remains intact and the behavioral changes will occur at least on one of these plates, which will be reflected in the mechanical behavior of a point and its effects will be seen. In this paper, the rotational effects of the main stress and strain axes are predicted based on the Multi-laminate pasty elastic pattern and compared with the experimental results that Provide adapted results.
Determination of the Most Effective Location of Environmental Hardenings in Concrete Cooling Tower Under Far-Source Seismic Using Linear Spectral Dynamic Analysis Results
Authors: Madina Bulatova , Gumilyov L. N.
Published: March 2022

The feeling of the need to build longer cooling towers increases with the development of the capacity of hydropower plants. So the engineers are trying to design leaner towers, with more buckling resistance using environmental hardening rings. Several studies have investigated the effect of wind strength on these structures, but the effect of seismic acceleration on these structures has been less studied. In this study, by investigating the results of linear spectral dynamic analysis, the optimum location of environmental hardening rings is determined under the influence of earthquake acceleration. The effect of thickness and number of hardening rings on the performance of the tower is also investigated, and the optimum relationship between these two parameters is extracted technically and economically. Different analytical methods can be used to investigate this issue, but using the spectral analysis method besides considering the buckling effects of the tower crust is the most appropriate analytical method for these types of structures.
A new non-negative matrix factorization method to build a recommender system
Authors: Arabi naree Somaye , Mohammadi Maryam
Published: March 2022

The main aim of this paper is to apply non-negative matrix factorization to build a recommender system. In a recommender system there are a group of users that rate to a set of items. These ratings can be represented by a rating matrix. The main problem is to estimate the unknown ratings and then predict the interests of the users to the items which haven’t rated. The main innovation of this paper is to propose a new algorithm to compute matrix factorization in a way that the factorized matrixes would be a good approximation for the initial rating matrix and moreover would be a good source to predict the unknown ratings of the items precisely. The results show that the proposed matrix factorization improves the estimated ratings considerably.
A Novel Approach For Energy Optimization In Distributed Databases in Wireless Network Applications
Authors: Ahmadi Zahra , Salkhordeh Haghighi Mehdi , Validi Zohreh
Published: March 2022

Energy consumption is a significant factor in wireless networks with battery-powered nodes and transceivers as a dominant energy consumer .Also mutual exclusion is a fundamental problem in distributed systems.“Mutual exclusion” allows only one process at a time to access the shared resource and the others have to be locked and wait for their turns.. Retaining mutual exclusion, is proposed as a solution to guarantee the correctness of read/written information from/in the shared resource or critical sections (CS).Wireless Network is an unstable network formed dynamically by a connection of wireless mobile nodes without the use of an existing network substructure. Since energy consumption during communication is a major depletion parameter the number of communication must be reduced as much as possible to achieve extended battery life. Since battery technology does not grow as rapidly as CPU or memory does so there is a strong need for the presence of protocols which are as energy efficient as effective.In this paper we present a new fully distributed token–based mutual-exclusion algorithm for clustered Mobile ad-hoc network with message count reduction purpose which eventuates to power optimization. Therefore we use Raymond's algorithm (which is well-known in stepping down message complexity) within the clusters and perpetual Mobility of token (that is so efficient in high load network such as Manet's) between the clusters.
Identifying Associations between Local Drought and Global Sea Surface Temperature
Authors: Mohamadkhani Mohammad , Shishegaran Aydin
Published: March 2022

It is clear that droughts have a fundamental impact on many different elements of society. To reduce the drought-related losses, it is necessary to give decision makers visibility into relationships of oceanic-atmospheric parameters that cause drought. The main target of this paper is to show the efficiency of data mining methods (especially association rules mining) for Identifying the associations between local droughts and large scale oceanic-atmospheric climate phenomena such as Sea Surface Temperature (SST). In this paper, association rules mining technique was offered to discover affiliation between drought of Urmia synoptic station (located in Iran) and de-trend SSTs of the Black, Mediterranean and Red Seas. To examine the accuracy of the rules, the confidence measures of the rules were calculated and compared for different considering lag times. The computed measures confirm reliable performance of the association rules mining method to monitor local drought so that the confidence between the monthly Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) values and the de-trend SST of seas is higher than 87 percent.
Refractive Index Sensor for Detection of N2, He and CO2 Gases based on Square Resonance Nanocavity in 2D Photonic Crystal
Authors: Sami Parisa , Hosseinzadeh Sani Mojtaba , Behzadnia Hadi , Shen Chao
Published: March 2022

In this work, the design and simulation of high-sensitivity gas optical sensor (GOS), based on photonic crystals with refractive index different of linear materials is presented. The lattice index is cubic and the dielectric rods are made of silicon and are designed in a square shape. In the proposed optical sensor, three resonance nanocavities are used, the central nanocavity is made of silicon with a refractive index of nSi = 2.6, and the sub-nanocavities located in the path of the input waveguide and the output waveguide This optical sensor is able to detection of N2, He and CO2 gases from the air. Numerical simulation results are obtained using two-dimensional FDTD method. The use of three resonance nanocavities and the distances between the dielectric rods increased the sensitivity and quality factor of the structure. The proposed optical sensor has a sensitivity of S = 400 nm/RIU and a quality factor of Q.f = 1080.615, and the power transmission is about TE = 100%. The figure of merit is equal to FOM = 258.333 ± 8.333 RIU-1. It is designed to integrate the structure with small dimensions as much as possible. The overall dimensions of the structure are 72.6 µm2, which can be easily used in optically integrated circuits
A Comprehensive Design for a Manufacturing System using Predictive Fuzzy Models
Authors: Moshahedi Abbas , Mehranfar2 Nasrin
Published: March 2022

Today, the design factors of manufacturing systems are still an active research topic and the predictive models are highly interested by the scholars. Design and manufacturing costs are some of the key issues for determining the competitive product in the global market. During current research a guideline to estimate mechanical cost of developing and manufacturing processes presented. The anticipated equation embeds both engineering factors and cost management contributors that could be applied to estimate, predict, control, and reduce costs. Applicable cost factors have been determined by designers using any suitable method for weighing and ranking in the related industries. The cost design model has been established by comparing the target cost of design and design real cost. The target cost of design should be experimentally nominated based on the product’s cost and profit in the context. The manufacturing cost-based design cost forecasting model then validated using an effective fuzzy statistical method. The proposed model creates economical manufacturing of an affordable design in line with the design capability for manufacturing in terms of cost & price.
Solving a warehouse inventory control problem by Benders decomposition and the Lagrangian relaxation
Authors: Jamshaidpour Saiede , Ghorbani Nadereh
Published: March 2022

In modern businesses, organizations hold large numbers of inventory items, but cannot find their inventory system economical to make policies for the management of individual inventory items. In this paper, a mathematical model is presented to classify inventory items, taking into account significant profit and cost reduction indices. The model has an objective function to maximize the net profit of items in stock. Limitations such as budget even inventory shortages are taken into account too. The mathematical model is solved by the Benders decomposition and the Lagrange relaxation algorithms. Then, the results of the two solutions are compared. The TOPSIS technique and statistical tests are used to evaluate and compare the proposed solutions with one another and to choose the best one. The results show that the Lagrange algorithm is more efficient for solving the model in terms of both computational time and quality. Subsequently, several sensitivity analyses are performed on the model, which helps inventory control managers determine the effect of inventory management costs on optimal decision making and item grouping. Finally, according to the results of evaluating the efficiency of the proposed model and the solution method, a real-world case study is conducted on the ceramic tile industry. Based on the proposed approach, several managerial perspectives are gained on optimal inventory grouping and item control strategies
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN MUZAKKI TERHADAP KEPATUHAN MEMBAYAR ZAKAT DAN ZAKAT SEBAGAI PENGURANG PAJAK MERUPAKAN VARIABEL MODERATING DI ERA COVID 19
Authors: Irham Pakawaru
Published: March 2022

The population in this study were Muslim entrepreneurs in the city of Palu. The sampling technique used was the accidental sampling method by prioritizing two conditions, the first being willing to be a respondent, and the second being a person who had paid zakat, as many as 52 respondents, using the slovin formula for determine the number of samples. Data collection techniques using observation techniques and questionnaires. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis and residual test. The results of statistical processing assisted by the SPSS 23 For Windows program, show that muzakki's knowledge (X1) obtained a value of Tcount > Ttable and has a significant value (sig) less than 0.05 in the coefficients table with a value of a (significant level) 0.05, meaning that this value gives the meaning that the muzaaki knowledge variable (X1) has a significant effect on the compliance of muzakki in paying zakat (Y) and tax credit is not a moderating variable.
Theoretical and Empirical Improvement of a Fast-Switching Electro-Pneumatic Valve by Using Different Methods
Authors: Najjari Behrouz , Fotuhi Mohammad J. , Vaezipour Mousa
Published: March 2022

In this paper, a non-linear model of a 2–2 way, on–off fast-switching valve is used. The model includes subsystems of electrical, magnetic, mechanical and fluid. Pulse width modulation (PWM) technique is adopted to energise the on–off solenoid valve and allow the air to flow towards the actuator. Since the non-linear behaviour of valve is of great importance, to reduce the delay in performance of switching valves, different approaches are proposed. Furthermore, hysteresis, proportional integrator (PI), optimal model predictive and fuzzy logic controller (FLC) are used and compared. Also, to improve the valve behaviour, an empirical setup based on AVR microcontroller with FLC is implemented. Empirical and simulation results indicate that all proposed control methods have superior performance. However, the fuzzy method is easy to implement in practice.
Influence of obesity on spatiotemporal gait parameters among female students from Jouf University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ameer Mariam A. , Alanazi Munirah S. , Alhabbad Abeer S. , Alabas Ahlam M. , Al-Ruwaili Raghad R. , AL-Ruwaili Saba F. , Al-Aljubab Wasan K. , Al-Ruwaili Taif F. , Al-awwad Ethar I. , Al-Abbad Ammar M.
Published: March 2022

Study aim: The aim of the current study is to explore the effect of obesity on spatiotemporal parameters of gait in obese young female students.

Material and methods: A cross-sectional study with fifteen obese female university students (mean age = 20.3 ± 1.6, mean BMI = 36.2 ± 4.6) and fifteen normal weight female university students (mean age = 20.9 ± 2, mean BMI = 22.6 ± 2.4) was conducted. The spatiotemporal gait parameters were evaluated using GAITRite® walkway (Frankline, USA, Model No. TR30RAM090 with software version 4.89C2).

Results: Independent sample t-test showed statistical significant differences in some spatiotemporal gait parameters between normal and obese subjects with statistically significant reductions of single-limb support time, step length, stride length, and velocity in the obese subjects rather than normal subjects (p = 0.031, 0.015, 0.039, and 0.002, respectively). Moreover, there were statistically significant increases of step time, stride time in the obese subjects rather than the normal subjects (p = 0.038, 0.017, respectively).

Conclusion: These results suggested that obesity is a factor that adversely affects the spatiotemporal gait parameters in the obese young female. This may be contributed to decrease the joints’ mobility and increase the incidence of joint osteoarthritis. So, it is recommended to encourage the sufficient physical activity and weight reduction among obese female students.
On the Study and Possible Applications of Minimally Complex Chaos
Authors: Roșu Alin Iulian , Cazacu Ana , Bodale Ilie
Published: March 2022

The nature of chaos is elusive and disputed, however it can be connected to sensitivity to initial conditions caused by nonlinearity of the equations describing chaotic phenomena. A nowhere-near comprehensive list of such equations can still be shown: the Boltzmann equation, Ginzburg-Landau equation, Ishimori equation, Korteweg-de Vries equation, Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, Navier-Stokes equation, and many more. This disproportionality between input and output creates an analytically-difficult situation, one that is complicated both algebraically and numerically – however, the study of equations that are both simple and chaotic may yield useful connections between algebraic complexity and chaos. Such connections can be used to determine the simplest possible chaotic function, which can be used as a “chaotic operator” for various non-chaotic or chaotic functions, thus reducing the problem of chaos to one based strictly on algebra.
Protection of Human Dignity at the End of Life of the Terminally Ill: Ethical and Legal Considerations about the Law and Policy on Advance Directives in Lithuania
Authors: Astromskė Kristina , Peičius Eimantas
Published: March 2022

Recently amended legal regulations established the opportunity of application of advance directives for terminally ill patients in Lithuania. Provisionally, advance directives should enhance patient’s rights while making complex end of life decisions, however, implications for legal and moral responsibility to empower a patient’s autonomy are not clearly established yet. The article discusses the legal and ethical justification of implementation of advance directives and, in their absence, the surrogate decision making for the best interests of the patient and the best representation of the patient’s will. The reflections of recent empirical studies indicate the importance of a patient-centered approach that can provide the hints for harmonization of the national legal system, including a supportive decision-making culture, raising public awareness and confidence, more effective professional communication, and broader public involvement into end-of-life deliberations. Analysis of legal and ethical arguments imposes the conclusion that the specific question of respect of dignity in the end of life is not just a problem of health care management or the quality of health care services, but a fundamental challenge of human rights that should be discussed at the policy decision making level. Overall, we assume that application of advance directives should be elaborated in accordance with the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), the ideals of welfare society, and other national laws as well as public interests.
Child Right to Privacy and Social Media – Personal Information Oversharing Parents
Authors: Iskül Anna-Maria , Joamets Kristi
Published: March 2022

Many parents (over)share personal details regarding their children in social media without thinking that this can negatively affect the wellbeing of their child and put him/her at risk. Furthermore, parents forget that they are not owners of their children’s data but just the legal representatives of the child with an obligation to act only for the best interests of the child. A child’s right to privacy and the protection of his/her data is regulated in international, EU and national level, however, this is not enough to avoid malpractice of the data of a child. This article analyses social media dangers and whether parental actions result in privacy and online safety violations focusing on legal regulations and their interpretations in international, EU and national level exploring child’s right to privacy, consent of the child and the right to be forgotten.
An Effect of Binary Fluid on the Thermal Performance of Pulsation Heat Pipe
Authors: Barrak Anwar S. , Ali Nawfal M. , Ali Hussein Hayder Mohammed
Published: March 2022

A pulsation heat pipe is an efficient heat pipe used in many engineering applications. This study aims to test the effect of working fluids on the thermal performance of pulsation heat pipe. Seven turned pulsation heat pipes were designed and manufactured from a copper pipe with a 3.5 mm inner diameter. The lengths of an evaporation part, an adiabatic passage, and a condenser part were 300 mm, 210 mm, and 300 mm, respectively. In this study, three different fluids were used as the working fluid: distilled water, methanol, and binary fluid (a mixture of water and methanol) with a 50% filling ratio. Compared to water, the experimental results suggested that methanol had a better thermal performance when used as a working fluid in the PHP. On the other hand, a binary fluid enhanced the lower thermal performance of water (29% reduction in the thermal resistance and a 20% increase in the effective thermal conductivity of the PHP).
Transient Flow Through a Porous Channel with Ramped Pressure Gradient and Velocity Slip Boundary Condition
Authors: Jha Basant K. , Yunus Zainab Sa’id
Published: March 2022

A transient flow formation of an incompressible fluid through a horizontal porous channel assuming a ramped pressure gradient is considered with the velocity slip boundary conditions. The flow is a laminar flow caused by ramped pressure gradient along the flow direction. The equation governing the flow is modeled, and solved by the Laplace transformation technique to obtain a semi-analytical solution under slip boundary conditions. It was noted that the flow velocity increases as the slip parameter is increased.
Experimental Regulating Parameters of Bladder-Type Hydraulic Accumulator
Authors: Zhuk Volodymyr , Verbovskyi Orest , Popadiuk Ihor
Published: March 2022

Experimental regulating parameters of the non-stationary expansion of air inside a bladder-type hydraulic accumulator, working with the simple short pipeline, are presented in the paper. The technique of continuous online monitoring of changes in time of volume and absolute air pressure inside the hydraulic accumulator during the discharge process has been improved. Three series of experimental studies of transient gas processes inside the accumulator at different values of the average volume flow rate are made. Tendencies of change of the integral parameters of the hydraulic accumulator are obtained and analyzed depending on the serial number of the discharge cycle. A general dependence of dimensionless storage volume Kreg on the polytropic index n in series # 1–3, approximated by single power-law dependence, is obtained. The systematic changes of integral parameters in each subsequent discharge cycle can be explained by the non-stationary transient thermodynamic processes in air inside the accumulator until the thermodynamic equilibrium with the ambient air parameters is reached.
Impacts of Sales Expense and Administrative Cost Stickiness on Earnings Management – Empirical Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Hong Nguyen , Thao Nguyen
Published: March 2022

This study aims to examine effects of sales cost stickiness and administrative cost stickiness on earnings management level. Next, the authors explore whether financial leverage, company size audit firm type and operating cash flow affect the earnings management level of Vietnamese stock exchanges listed companies. The research sample consists of 249 observations (83 companies excluding companies in the banking, finance and insurance sectors) taken from two Vietnamese stock exchanges, HNX and HOSE. For data analysis we use feasible generalized least square regression method. The research results find that sales expense stickiness and administrative cost stickiness, included in the model, have an impact on earnings management level. Sales cost stickiness has a positive impact, while administrative cost stickiness has an impact (negative) on earnings management level. Besides, operating cash flow has an impact on earnings management level, while company size, financial leverage and audit firm type found out with no effect on earnings management level. The results of the study contribute to helping investors, creditors or others have a more comprehensive view of profits and business results of companies so that they will be able to make rational decisions.
Hasse's Siroe, Thirty Years Later: A Veritable Work in Progress
Authors: Mellace Raffaele
Published: March 2022

The article aims at assessing the differences between Hasse's original setting of Metastasio's Siroe in 1733 and the composer's second setting of the same drama, exactly thirty years later, in terms of dramatic, vocal, and musical balance. The two versions will be comprehensively compared with a focus on two main issues. The first is the origin of the two settings, which goes back to two distinct versions of the libretto, originally conceived by Metastasio for Venice and Naples respectively; a different starting point which gave birth to two, largely separate dramatic projects, differentiated by a number of distinctive facets. On the other hand, special attention will be devoted to the play's characters, which, though basically the same in both settings, demonstrate remarkable differences in individual characterisation and overall balance, both as far as drama and music are concerned.
Scipione impasticciato: Performing, Researching and Reviving London operas from 1730–1731
Authors: Strohm Reinhard
Published: March 2022

The study discusses practical and aesthetic aspects of the pasticcio principle, which characterised London's Italian operas of 1730–31 and still concern revivals, source research, and editions today. Twentieth-century revivals of Handel's opera Scipione pose the question of how to evaluate the original version of 1726 vs its pasticcio-like revival of 1730. Details of the 1730–31 season under Handel, concerning for example the status of the vocal soloists, reveal a multiplicity of agencies (singers, composer, impresario, librettist, patrons/audiences) which influenced the artistic outcomes. Handel's decision-making role for the entire season as the company's music director is re-asserted, although the proposal of John H. Roberts (2016) that another musician composed the recitatives for the pasticcios Ormisda and Venceslao will be accepted. This musician, however, may have been the tenor Annibale Pio Fabri rather than the concert-master Pietro Castrucci, suggested by Roberts. The aesthetic question that concerns us today is the dichotomy between a unified author-work-concept and a discursive pasticcio principle, of which the former is observed in critical editions, the latter in (post-) modern stage productions. It is suggested that a similar contrast already characterised eighteenth-century theatrical practice and aesthetics, although fluctuations between the two principles and, generally, multi-agency in creating theatrical works were negotiated with considerable freedom.
Between Opera and Oratorio. The Pasticcio Oratorios in Prague and Brno ca 1720–1760
Authors: Spáčilová Jana
Published: March 2022

The phenomenon of the pasticcio oratorio was quite widespread in the Czech Lands around the middle of the eighteenth century. The first evidence of this practice was a Latin oratorio based on opera arias by George Frideric Handel (Prague 1725). In Brno, the capital of Moravia, the performances of oratorios were supported by Bishop Wolfgang Hannibal Schrattenbach, who was also an important patron of Italian opera. Therefore, opera arias were frequently interpolated into the Italian oratorios produced in his palace every week during Lent. Some works from the 1730s were even created as pasticcios composed of contrafacted opera arias. The only surviving score, La vittima d’amore by Joseph Umstatt (Brno 1741) with music by Caldara, Hasse, Leo, Feo, Porta and Pescetti, shows the process of creating this type of oratorio in detail. The reprise of this work by the Crusaders in Prague on Good Friday 1744 and its favourable reception stimulated the considerable development of this practice in the mentioned church. Between 1749 and 1758, at least six pasticcio oratorios were performed here. The music was selected not only from the works of popular composers of the time (Hasse, Jomelli, Graun), but also from the compositions of the older generation (Fux, Lotti, Conti, Porpora). Based on an analysis of librettos and music sources, the paper shows some examples of this phenomenon, crossing the boundaries between the opera and the oratorio in both directions.
‘Collected’ Pages for the Issipile (Teatro San Carlo, 1763)*
Authors: Maione Paologiovanni
Published: March 2022

During the 1763–64 season, numerous intersections and connections occur behind the scenes of the principal Neapolitan opera house of Teatro di San Carlo. On the one hand, the focus on Metastasian repertoire persists without interruptions – a long and boundless tradition which will only fade towards the end of the century; on the other hand, Hasse’s world still exerts its fascination.

Along with Metastasio’s Olimpiade, Issipile and Didone abbandonata, Migliavacca’s Armida was also staged. This libretto had been set to music by Traetta in 1760 for Vienna, a city which played a significant role in the annual schedule of the Teatro di San Carlo due to the presence of the ‘virtuosa’ Caterina Gabrielli. The singer had made her debut in that role in the Habsburg capital; the opera was presented with the same music composed by Traetta for the imperial opera house.

In the Neapolitan context Cochetta revealed herself in all her splendour, yet also giving a hard time to all those who were in charge of the San Carlo. The selected repertoire was thus a kind of compromise, a diplomatic act aimed to ‘tame’ the stubborn soprano through an offer of operas suited to her voice and skills, and in all likelihood they were works proposed by herself. While the scores of Armida and Didone arrived in time, Scarlatti’s Issipile did not; in order to prevent the diva’s anger, another negotiation started under the guidance of Pasquale Cafaro, working at the San Carlo, who would ‘conduct’ the repertoire operas, and who offered to adapt them to the hired cast.
Tortuous Roads. Tracing Back the Reception Paths of Apostolo Zeno’s Libretto Venceslao (1703–1754)*
Authors: Ryszka-Komarnicka Anna
Published: March 2022

During the fifty years that mark the historical reception of Apostolo Zeno’s libretto Venceslao (1703–1754), no less than forty-two opera productions based on this text were staged throughout Europe. In most cases, these performances are documented in the form of printed libretti. As far as I was able to establish, the text of Venceslao was reproduced verbatim only once: the Kraków print of 1725 is identical with the Venetian one of 1722. Otherwise, Zeno’s Venceslao was subjected to constant changes; new elements were appearing in the successive versions along with older ones, which led to the emergence of sui generis literary pasticci.

I have attempted to single out the versions which were crucial for Venceslao’s reception and determined its stages of development: 1. the Milan edition (1705/06), based on the Venetian editio princeps (1703) and the Florentine variant (1703/04); 2. the Neapolitan edition (1714/15) based on the Florentine version and, indirectly, on the Milanese one as well, 3. Domenico Lalli’s edition from Venice (1722); 4. The Turin-Prague version (1720/21–1725/26), which provided the lifeblood for later Venceslao operatic productions by the Mingottis’ troupe in Graz, Linz, Hamburg, and Copenhagen in the late 1730s and 40s. Subsequently, I have outlined the key characteristics of several unusual late Venceslao versions from Florence, Venice, and Genoa.

Finally, I have distinguished two main phases in Venceslao’s reception. The first, incorporating the first three stages, lasted till the late 1720s / early 1730s. It was characterised by strong interconnections between the successive Venceslao versions. The new editions were built on the principle of continuous elimination and accumulation of elements taken from earlier variants, mixed with new ones. The second phase, from the 1730s onwards, was characterised by loose interconnections, especially on the level of so-called numbers (arias and ensembles). It seems that Zeno’s own original versions definitely played a minor role in Venceslao’s reception on European stages as compared with editions prepared by third parties.
Pastiching as Artistic Research: Ifigenia / Ipermestra (Brussels, 2006)*
Authors: Forment Bruno
Published: March 2022

On 6 December 2006, students of the Royal Conservatoire of Brussels performed two one-act pasticci arranged by the author of this article: Ifigenia and Ipermestra. Assembled as experiments in the young discipline of artistic research in music, both ‘cut & paste’ operas offered opportunities to explore issues of music-dramatic syntax in opera seria. In this article, I explain how individual arias and recitatives were combined into two meta-compositions that sometimes respected, and sometimes overrode eighteenth-century generic conventions. By revisiting the scores, libretti, archives and first-hand memories pertaining to this venture, I will show that ‘pastiching’ (pasticciare) is more than a historical form; it is a transhistorical method, involving a broad network of agencies, operators, and stakeholders whose strategies can be artistic and non-artistic, convergent and divergent. Pastiching does not necessarily result in ‘works’, fixed in time and space, but rather produces meta-compositional assemblages, the transience and formal instability of which provide opportunities to showcase neglected repertoire and tackle outdated musical ontologies.
Handel’s Pasticci between Music History and Current Music Practice at the Handel Festival in Halle
Authors: Birnbaum Clemens
Published: March 2022

Looking back on the first Handel Festival in Halle in 1922, it is argued that a close connection between science and practice has been characteristic of the Halle Festival from the very beginning. Arrangements of Handel’s works were made both by performing musicians and by recognised musicologists. Despite this common editing practice, the opera-pasticcio group of works has been disregarded until the early twenty-first century. Since 2012, the Stiftung Händel-Haus in Halle has been considering a reassessment of this group of works. Alongside performances, editions were to be produced. The positive results of this initiative are listed, but its failures are also pointed out. It is believed that the pasticci and Handel’s composition practice will ultimately only receive a suitable appreciation if a new aesthetic of the music work is applied as a foundation.
Applying Dyer’s Star Theory to Sport: Understanding the Cultivation of Athlete Stardom
Authors: Duncan Samuel
Published: March 2022

Sports stars and heroes have always been a product of the times in which they have existed and, as such, athlete stars, largely constructed by and through the media, have evolved over time. In particular, the meanings of characteristics that have defined stars of different generations have changed as society’s expectations and social norms have evolved. This can be understood through Richard Dyer’s (1998) star theory, which states that to cultivate their stardom a celebrity must resonate with the ideals, values, and spirit of the time.

This theoretical paper aims to highlight how Dyer’s star theory – originally developed as a means of understanding the construction of movie stars by mainstream media – can be used to understand the ways in which athlete stars can promote star attributes to cultivate their stardom by displaying modern values and presenting themselves as both “ordinary” and “extraordinary.” By creating a framework for understanding the process of creating athlete stardom, we are also able to begin to understand how athletes’ social media activities and stardom will evolve in the future, thus creating an important tool for athletes and their managers responsible for enhancing their brand. To expound and enrich the theory a survey of sports fans is included. The survey responses provide insights into how the expectations of fans can influence social athlete social media strategies and the cultivation of athlete stars.
Effect of Warm-up on Fitness Performance of Schoolchildren. A Systematic Review
Authors: Fernandez-Agullo Ruben , Merino-Marban Rafael
Published: March 2022

Introduction.
The impact of different types of warm-up protocol on children’s performance is clearly an unresolved issue that has not yet been satisfactorily investigated. Consequently, the purpose of this review was to analyze the current literature on the subject.
Material and Methods.
The first step was to perform a search in PROSPERO with the keyword warm up. After that, five electronic bibliographic databases were searched through until April 10th, 2021: Web of Science (all databases), Scopus, SportDiscus, PubMed, and Google Scholar.
Results.
Six studies involving a total of 138 participants were included in the final analyses. Regarding the physical qualities that were assessed, 4 of the studies assessed strength through the vertical jump, 3 assessed running speed, one assessed anaerobic endurance (30 seconds) with a cycle ergometer and another assessed flexibility using the Sit & Reach.
Conclusions.
The practice of dynamic or specific warm-up before training appears to improve speed and strength performance compared to no warm-up in school-age children. However, the effects of warm-up on endurance and flexibility performance in school-age children need to be further investigated.