bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mission and Unity
Authors: Plüss Jean‐Daniel
Published: May 2022

Early Pentecostals’ desire for unity resulted from their appreciation of the work of the Holy Spirit across the different churches and their belief that global mission was at the heart of their calling. In contrast, the World Council of Churches has produced documents through the Faith and Order Commission that illustrate the development of what the council means by unity and how the role of the Holy Spirit in the church can be understood. Bringing these different strands of convictions into dialogue can benefit the missional and ecumenical activities of the different churches in the body of Christ. The article’s conclusion provides examples that respond to the need for unity for the sake of the church answering to the mission of God.
The Challenge for Christian Unity and Reconciliation Today from a Decolonial Perspective
Authors: Barreto Jr Raimundo C.
Published: May 2022

This article draws on decolonial resources to interrogate the meaning and possibility of unity and reconciliation from a Christian perspective in a postcolonial world. Highlighting the need to remap modern ecumenism, the article draws on Pope Francis' dreams of a new relationship of the church with the peoples of the Amazon to explore the meaning of Christian unity and reconciliation discourse vis‐à‐vis socio‐economic, racial, cultural, and epistemic divides.
Unity and Mission
Authors: Durber Susan
Published: May 2022

It is often acknowledged within the ecumenical movement that unity and mission belong together, and joint working between, for example, the Faith and Order Commission and the Commission on World Mission and Evangelism is readily encouraged and even deepened. However, something in the strong histories and cultures of these two movements (and others like them) seems to work against the dismantling of a false binary that might be desired. While mission and unity seem incontrovertibly “one” in the New Testament, they seem to have been separated by the formal ecumenical movement in ways that demand challenge and radical change. It is time to do something more than “work together.”
Being with Jesus and Being Sent Out
Authors: Iwuamadi Lawrence
Published: May 2022

Mark 3:13‐19 is key to understanding discipleship in the Gospel of Mark. Discipleship as an important theme in the gospel plays out in how Jesus constituted the group that would become his closest companions. The pericope presents the discipleship mandate as the reason for the call of the twelve. Focusing specifically on Mark 3:13‐15, which we consider the heart of the narrative, we can show that Jesus intended unity and mission to be two essential components of the identity and vocation of his followers. He called the twelve “to be with him” (unity) and “to be sent out” (mission). These two are therefore mutually constitutive and the raison d’être of the Jesus community. The communion (koinonia) resulting from being with Jesus is Christian witness, and there could be no authentic mission (martyria) without unity. In their mission, the twelve will preach and have authority to cast out demons, thus capturing the aspect of diakonia that must accompany Christian proclamation and witness.
Spirituality of Moderation
Authors: Hutabarat Lebang Henriette T.
Published: May 2022

The churches in Indonesia have been struggling to address the problems of poverty, injustice, radicalism, and ecological destruction. They believe that these matters are interlinked with and rooted in human greed, which threatens the unity of the nation. It is a problem of spirituality. The churches are committed to promoting spiritualitas keugaharian, or the “spirituality of moderation.” Only the love of Christ can move and change the hearts of people: from self‐centredness to care for others; from the tendency to accumulate power and wealth to restraint and sharing of resources; from hatred to reconciliation; from disintegration to unity for justice and peace for all creation.
Novel application of absorbable gelatine sponge combined with polyurethane film for dermal reconstruction of wounds with bone or tendon exposure
Authors: Yu Pan , Hong Nan , Chen Min , Zou Xianbiao
Published: May 2022

Trauma, burns, and diabetes result in nonhealing wounds that can cause bone or tendon exposure, a significant health threat. The use of an artificial regeneration template combined with skin grafting as an alternative method to highly invasive flap surgery has been shown to be an effective way to cover full‐thickness skin defects with bone or tendon exposure for both functional and aesthetic recovery. However, artificial regeneration templates, such as Pelnac, are overwhelmingly expensive, limiting their clinical use. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that polyurethane film combined with absorbable gelatine sponge, affordable materials widely used for haemostasis, are effective for dermal reconstruction in wounds with bone or tendon exposure. The absorbable gelatine sponge combined with polyurethane film was applied to eight patients, all resulting in adequate granulation that fully covered the exposed bone or tendon. The outcome of absorbable gelatine sponge combined with polyurethane film application indicates that this approach is a potential novel and cost‐effective dermal reconstruction strategy for the treatment of severe wounds with bone or tendon exposure.
It all comes back to health: A three‐wave cross‐lagged study of leaders' well‐being, team performance, and transformational leadership
Authors: Geibel Hannah V. , Rigotti Thomas , Otto Kathleen
Published: May 2022

While profound evidence indicates certain kinds of leadership behavior promote followers' well‐being, little is known about the role of leaders' own well‐being for leading in a beneficial way. This study examined the link between leaders' well‐being, which is reflected by perceived general health and work engagement (dedication and vigor), their self‐appraised transformational leadership behavior, and team performance in a sample of 276 leaders (55.8% women; mean age = 45 years) across three waves. Building on Hobfoll's Conservation of Resources theory, we assumed that leaders' well‐being functions as a resource and, therefore, facilitates transformational leadership behavior, resulting in higher team performance. Moreover, we explored if this ultimately means a resource gain or loss for the leader. The results of cross‐lagged path‐analyses indicated a significant positive effect of leaders' well‐being on their transformational leadership behavior over time and their general health on team performance. However, our results further indicate that through transformational leaders' investment in higher team performance, the leaders' well‐being over time might be diminished, indicating a resource loss. The present findings provide support for the assumption that leaders' well‐being is a requirement for their ability to execute transformational leadership behavior, which in turn fosters team performance and subsequently depletes leaders' resources. Practical implications concerning leaders' well‐being and the benefits for organizations as well as implications for future research focused on Conservation of Resources theory are highlighted and discussed.
Microplate tectonics and environmental factors as distribution drivers in Western Mediterranean freshwater planarians
Authors: Leria Laia , Riutort Marta , Romero Rafael , Ferrer Xavier , Vila‐Farré Miquel
Published: May 2022

Aim

Species biogeography mainly focuses on palaeogeographical events, while environmental factors are generally overlooked despite their importance in species diversification. Here, we use an integrative approach to understand how palaeogeographical and environmental processes shape species distribution and focus on freshwater planarians as the model system.

Location

Western Mediterranean.

Taxon

Dugesia.

Methods

We inferred the phylogenetic relationships of most known Dugesia species in the area using six molecular markers. We then estimated their divergence times and reconstructed their ancestral distribution ranges. We also performed environmental niche modelling analyses using Dugesia subtentaculata as a model to evaluate the effects of several hydro‐environmental variables and the likely existence of interspecific competition on Dugesia distributions.

Results

Our results provide a new phylogenetic scheme for Dugesia from the Western Mediterranean and show that the time splits between the lineages and their putative ancestral distribution ranges are correlated with microplate tectonic dynamics within the region during the Oligocene–Miocene period. Our environmental niche modelling analyses indicate that the type of land cover and the slope of the terrain are the most important abiotic factors driving the distribution of Dugesia from this region. Finally, we found a partial niche overlap between D. subtentaculata and two other common planarian species from the Iberian Peninsula.

Main conclusions

The microplate tectonic dynamics of the Western Mediterranean during the Oligocene–Miocene period, together with the position of the mountain ranges and posterior climate changes, may have played crucial roles in driving the biogeographical history of Dugesia in this region. Moreover, both interspecific competition and changes in fluvial characteristics driven by human activities may affect the current diversity and distribution of Dugesia in the Western Mediterranean. This study highlights the importance of integrating different types of information to study the biogeographical history of a species.
Biogeography of a neotropical songbird radiation reveals similar diversification dynamics between montane and lowland clades
Authors: Buainain Nelson , Ferreira Mateus , Avendaño Jorge E. , Cadena Carlos D. , Faircloth Brant C. , Brumfield Robb T. , Cracraft Joel , Ribas Camila C.
Published: May 2022

Aim

Continental evolutionary radiations provide opportunities to understand how landscape evolution and biotic factors interact to generate species diversity. Additionally, understanding whether diversification dynamics differ between montane and lowland environments is a long‐standing question with few comparative analyses in the Neotropics. To address these questions, we investigated the biogeographical patterns and the evolutionary processes underlying the diversification of a songbird genus, and compared diversification dynamics of clades occurring in lowland and montane Neotropical habitats.

Location

Neotropical montane and lowland forests.

Taxon

Arremon(Aves: Passerellidae).

Methods

We sequenced genomic data (ultra‐conserved elements, UCEs) of 92 individuals (including historical skin specimens) comprising 47 of 50 currently recognized subspecies in the genus and collected habitat association data to (1) build the most complete phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus to date using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods with a concatenated matrix, and a multi‐species coalescent method based on quartets; and (2) reconstruct the evolution of their ancestral ranges, habitat association and diversification rates.

Results

All phylogenetic methods recovered essentially the same topology with strong support values for most interspecific nodes revealing relationships among species. We found evidence for a montane and humid ancestral range in Central America in the late Miocene and a later expansion into the lowlands of Central America, as well as into the lowlands and mountains of South America. Despite some temporal variation in diversification rate, we found overall similar diversification dynamics between montane and lowland clades.

Main conclusion

Species diversity within the genus is likely underestimated by the current taxonomic arrangement. The colonization of lowlands and dry forests, and expansion across South America, may have provided new geographical and ecological opportunities for speciation resulting in high species diversification. Overall diversification dynamics were comparable between montane and lowland clades, contrasting with previous studies focused on such comparisons for Neotropical birds.
Environmental regulation and foreign investment: Evidence from China
Authors: Hu Yunyi , Yin Haitao , Moon Jon J.
Published: May 2022

This paper estimates the impact of environmental regulation on foreign investment using the 2003 Pollution Discharge Fee Reform in China as a quasi‐natural experiment. Using a Difference‐in‐Differences method to investigate foreign investment from 2000 to 2007, we propose the “Pollution Deterrence Hypothesis” and the “Green Strategy Hypothesis” and provide evidence for the debate between these two hypotheses. We find that foreign investors' strategic responses to enhanced environmental regulations depend on their initial shareholder status in a firm. More specifically, after increased environmental regulation, foreign investors are less likely to invest in pollution‐intensive firms in which they have held relatively small shares. However, foreign investors are more inclined to increase their shares in pollution‐intensive firms in similar situations if they already held a relatively large number of shares. Based on the heterogeneous analysis, we suggest that our results are most apparent in regions with better local governance.
Fractional calculus to control transport phenomena in food engineering: A systematic review of barriers and data agenda
Authors: de Souza Matias Gustavo , Lermen Fernando Henrique , Bissaro Camila Andressa , Nicolin Douglas Júnior , Fischer Clovis , de Matos Jorge Luiz Mário
Published: May 2022

This study aims to conduct a systematic review of the literature through bibliometrics and content analysis to raise barriers, data agenda, and a framework to support academics and practitioners of fractional calculus in transport phenomena from the perspectives of food engineering. The structure of the methodological procedure is a selection of studies in the research area, statistical analysis of the data, and content analysis. The Bibliometrix package of software R was used in the bibliometric analysis, being fundamental for the organization of the discussions. Finally, the food engineering area researchers can use the questions, barriers, and research agenda in fractional calculus to solve problems in the studied clusters' processes. Based on the previous knowledge of the researcher, a path was provided to follow the data agenda and the proposed framework, identify insights, and solve a specific problem. As the main contribution, this study presents several applications and the most significant barriers and presents bibliometrics quantifying the theoretical and empirical studies in the area. Nonetheless, this study places the research field of fractional calculus for Food Engineering, Science, and Technology, presenting several applications and the most significant barriers quantifying the theoretical and empirical studies in the area. As a practical contribution, this study presents a research agenda and a framework that can contribute to practitioners applying fractional calculus in process control.
Toward a Du Boisian paradigm of family science
Authors: Battle Brittany Pearl , Serrano Uriel
Published: May 2022

We offer an invitation to theDu Boisian paradigm for family science. We outline this paradigm in relation to Guba and Lincoln's ontological, epistemological, and methodological questions and our addition of the phenomenological question. A Du Boisian paradigm meets the need for a social justice orientation in social science scholarship, which is equipped to identify, contextualize, and respond to oppression across the globe. A social justice orientation recognizes the centrality of the carceral state and racial capitalism and tends to their ramifications in seeking the transformation of the conditions that produce harm. We offer historical and contemporary examples from diverse disciplines on myriad topics to highlight social justice‐oriented scholarship that has already done the work of pushing the bounds of how we engage with academic research, theory, and praxis, as well as points of consideration for work yet to be done in service of eradicating oppression.
Cross‐sectional associations between cortical thickness and independent gait domains in older adults
Authors: Wang Yingzhe , Jiang Yanfeng , Lu Heyang , Tian Weizhong , Li Peixi , Xu Kelin , Fan Min , Zhao Xiaolan , Dong Qiang , Jin Li , Chen Jinhua , Cui Mei , Chen Xingdong
Published: May 2022

Background

Although the prevalence of gait disturbance is increasing with population aging, our understanding of its underlying neural basis is still limited. The precise brain regions linked to specific gait domains have not been well defined. In this study, we aim to investigate the associations of cortical thickness and different gait domains, and to explore whether these associations could be explained by cerebral small vessel disease.

Methods

A total of 707 community‐dwelling participants from the Taizhou Imaging Study (mean age: 60.2 ± 3.0 years, 57.4% female) were involved. All participants underwent brain MRI and gait assessment. We obtained quantitative gait parameters using wearable devices and then summarized them into three independent gait domains through factor analysis. Cortical thickness was analyzed and visualized using FreeSurfer and Surfstat.

Results

Three independent domains (pace, rhythm, and variability) were summarized from 12 gait parameters. Among gait domains, poorer pace was associated with the thinner cortical thickness of multiple regions, which included areas related with motor function (e.g., the primary motor cortex, premotor cortex, and supplementary motor area), sensory function (e.g., the postcentral gyrus and paracentral lobule), visuospatial attention (e.g., the lateral occipital cortex and lingual gyrus), and identification and cognition (e.g., the fusiform gyrus and entorhinal cortex). Such a relationship was only slightly attenuated after adjustment for cerebrovascular risk factors and cerebral small vessel disease. No statistically significant association was found between cortical thickness and the rhythm or variability domains.

Conclusions

Poorer pace is independently associated with thinner cortical thickness in areas important for motor, sensory, cognitive function, and visuospatial attention. Our study emphasizes the importance of cortical thickness in gait control and adds value in investigating neural mechanisms of gait.
WHIRLY1 recruits the histone deacetylase HDA15 repressing leaf senescence and flowering in Arabidopsis
Authors: Huang Dongmei , Lan Wei , Ma Weibo , Huang Rulin , Lin Wenfang , Li Mengsi , Chen Chia‐Yang , Wu Keqiang , Miao Ying
Published: May 2022

Leaf senescence is controlled by a complex regulatory network in which robustness is ensured by the activity of transcription factors and epigenetic regulators. However, how these coordinate the process of leaf senescence remains poorly understood. We found that WHIRLY1 interacts with Histone Deacetylase (HDA)15, a Reduced Potassium Dependence3 (RPD3)/HDA1‐type HDA, by using green fluorescent protein‐nanotrap‐mass spectrum assays. The development‐dependent interaction between WHIRLY1 and HDA15 was further confirmed by bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays and co‐immunoprecipitation assays in Arabidopsis. Multi‐omics genome‐wide transcriptome and H3K9 acetylome enrichment analysis showed that HDA15 delays leaf senescence and flowering by repressing the expression of the positive regulators of leaf senescence and flowering, such as LOX2 and LARP1C, and reducing H3K9ac levels at these loci; WHIRLY1 and HDA15 co‐target to the region near the transcription start site of a subset of nutrient recycling‐related genes (e.g., Glutathione S‐transferases 10, non‐coding RNA, and photosystem II protein D1 synthesizer attenuator PDIL1‐2), as well as WRKY53 and ELF4, and co‐repress their expression by removing H3K9 acetylation. Our study revealed a key transcription regulatory node of nutrient recycling and senescence‐associated genes involved in leaf senescence and flowering via the recruitment of HDA15 by the single‐stranded DNA/RNA‐binding protein WHIRLY1.
Wayfinding and spatial perception among adolescents with mild intellectual disability
Authors: Zach S. , King A.
Published: May 2022

Background

The study's aim was to examine whether spatial orientation can be improved in students with cognitive disabilities.

Method

Participants were 55 boys and girls with attention deficit and mild cognitive impairment from a special education school. The procedure included an intervention for two experimental groups that studied wayfinding and orientation in the environment: group #1 learned to use a map while navigating, and group #2 learned to use a Google navigation app with voice instructions. Two pre‐post tests were applied: (1) Mental folding test for children (MFTC) and (2) field test with map.

Results

Both groups improved their ability in navigation and wayfinding. No advantage for one learning method over the other was demonstrated, except for shortened navigation time in the group navigating with a map, and a slight though not significant tendency of improvement in the MFTC task in the group learning navigation using a voice app.

Conclusion

It is worth noting that the study did not examine the students' own preferences for the way of learning, which may have implications for the degree of possible improvement. Also, a longer period of the learning process might yield a clearer understanding concerning the differences between the two teaching methods that were examined.
The change in the frequency and severity of facial dermatoses and complaints in healthcare workers during the COVID‐19
Authors: Cosansu Nur Cihan , Yuksekal Gulcan , Kutlu Omer , Umaroglu Mutlu , Yaldız Mahizer , Dikicier Bahar Sevimli
Published: May 2022

Background

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has led to a dramatic increase in the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). However, the increased use of PPEs may lead to facial skin complaints.

Aims

This survey study aims to evaluate the effect of the COVID‐19 pandemic on facial dermatoses and complaints.

Methods

A total of 1017 volunteers (age 18–60 years), consisting of healthcare workers, participated in the study. In the present study, healthcare professionals were screened for facial dermatoses and complaints between 1 and 15 April 2021 with an online survey.

Results

The vast majority of the survey were women (82.4%) and between 26 and 35 years old (49.2%). The most new‐onset facial complaints were acne (25.3%) and lip dryness (29.2%). Along with the pandemic, 50.9% of patients with seborrheic dermatitis had an increase in lesions. Another remarkable result was a 60.5% increase in acne complaints. Moreover, the rate of exacerbations of rosacea, melasma, and lip dryness was increased after the COVID‐19 pandemic (39.1%, 22.0%, and 42.7%, respectively). Exacerbations of seborrheic dermatitis, acne, and lip dryness have occurred more frequently in females when compared to males (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The current pandemic has had serious impacts on facial dermatoses which had to be managed carefully. Compared to the pre‐pandemic period, there was a significant increase in the frequency and severity of complaints in facial dermatoses related to PPE. If the complaints that may develop due to PPE are known in advance, their development can be prevented by taking precautions against them.
A randomized, controlled trial of intense pulsed light in combination with minocycline hydrochloride for the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris
Authors: Qu Huanhuan , Wang Yuanli , Yang Feng , Wang Gang , Gao Lin , Li Kai
Published: May 2022

Background

It has been a long‐term debate over the concomitant treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris using intense pulsed light (IPL) and minocycline due to the photosensitivity of minocycline.

Objective

We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficiency of IPL combined with minocycline in treating acne vulgaris in a randomized trial.

Methods

A total of 40 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned into two groups which were either given minocycline (100 mg per day) for 8 weeks with IPL treatments three times at weeks 0, 4, and 8, or the same dosage of minocycline only. The evaluations for inflammatory lesion count, Investigator Global Assessment of Acne (IGA), erythema, and purpura indexes were taken before treatment and at weeks 4, 8, and 16.

Results

There were significant improvements in inflammatory lesion count, IGA scores, and purpura index in both groups as compared with the baseline at week 16 (p < 0.02). The concomitant therapy, but not minocycline only, significantly improved the erythema index (p = 0.40) at the 16th week as compared with the baseline. The group with combined treatment showed significantly continuous improvements in inflammatory lesion counts (p < 0.04) and IGA scores (p ≤ 0.02) at weeks 4, 8, and 16 as compared with the group given minocycline only. No severe adverse effects were observed during the trial.

Conclusion

IPL in combination with minocycline shows a better clinical efficacy for the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris than minocycline alone, and it is safe.
Epidemiology and long‐term neurological sequelae of childhood herpes simplex CNS infection
Authors: Berkhout Angela , Kapoor Vishal , Heney Claire , Jones Cheryl A , Clark Julia E , Britton Philip N , Vaska Vikram L , Lai Melissa M , Nourse Clare
Published: May 2022

Aim

Herpes simplex CNS infection is a rare but important cause of neurological disability. Long term outcomes after HSV CNS infection in Australia have not yet been fully described. We sought to provide a comprehensive review of HSV CNS infection in children using a retrospective 13‐year evaluation of statewide laboratory and clinical records and a parent survey conducted at least one year after the initial infection.

Methods

All positive PCR HSV 1 and 2 results from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or brain tissue were obtained from Queensland pathology providers for children aged 0–16 years between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2017. Clinical data were obtained from patient records and longer‐term outcomes via parent survey at least 1 year after initial infection.

Results

Forty‐three children were identified over the 13‐year period, 17 (39.5%) neonates and 26 (60.4%) non‐neonates. The annual incidence for HSV CNS infection in Queensland children aged ≤16 years was 0.3/100 000 (95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.2–0.4) with neonates at highest risk (incidence 2.5/100 000 live births, 95% CI: 1.5–3.9). HSV 1 was the predominant serotype in both neonates and non‐neonates (9/17, 52.9% neonates and 19/26, 73.1% non‐neonates). Seven (16.3%) children died, five (5/17, 29.4% neonates), directly attributable to HSV CNS infection (all neonates). Twenty‐five (58.1%) had neurological morbidity at discharge (9/17 neonates (52.9%) vs. 16/26 (61.5%) non‐neonates) and 20/27 (74.1%) reported long‐term neurological morbidity at follow‐up (5/9 neonates (55.6%) vs. 15/18 non‐neonates (83.3%)). Seven children (two neonates and four non‐neonates) with long‐term neurological sequelae had no neurological morbidity identified at discharge.

Conclusion

Significant long‐term neurologic sequelae were seen in children with HSV CNS infection even in children with no neurological disability identified at discharge from hospital. Careful neurodevelopmental follow‐up of all children is recommended.
Point prevalence and clinical course of proteinuria in dogs with idiopathic non‐erosive immune‐mediated polyarthritis
Authors: Barker L. , McManus S. , Adamantos S. , Black V.
Published: May 2022

Objectives

To describe the point prevalence and clinical course of proteinuria in dogs diagnosed with idiopathic non‐erosive immune‐mediated polyarthritis.

Materials and Methods

Cases presenting to a single referral centre with a diagnosis of idiopathic non‐erosive immune‐mediated polyarthritis were retrospectively recruited from January 2009 to August 2018. Data including signalment, urinalysis, clinicopathological results, cytology from arthrocentesis, treatment and long‐term follow‐up were analysed. Dogs were defined as: non‐proteinuric (UPC <0.2), borderline proteinuric (UPC 0.2‐0.5) or overtly proteinuric (UPC >0.5).

Results

Fifty‐eight dogs met the inclusion criteria. Twenty‐two dogs were overtly proteinuric (38%), eight dogs were borderline proteinuric (14%) and 28 dogs were non‐proteinuric (48%). Repeated urinalysis was performed in nine of 12 dogs with UPC greater than 2.0. The UPC decreased in all nine dogs, with the UPC decreasing to less than 0.5 in 44% of dogs. A greater than 50% decrease in UPC was noted in 44% of dogs, despite seven of nine (77%) receiving prednisolone as either monotherapy or in conjunction with an adjunctive immunosuppressive medication.

Clinical Significance

Proteinuria was common in this cohort of dogs diagnosed with primary idiopathic non‐erosive immune‐mediated polyarthritis. The use of prednisolone does not appear to be contraindicated in proteinuric dogs with idiopathic non‐erosive immune‐mediated polyarthritis.
Artificial weathering of an ordinary chondrite: Recommendations for the curation of Antarctic meteorites
Authors: van Ginneken Matthias , Debaille Vinciane , Decrée Sophie , Goderis Steven , Woodland Alan B. , Wozniakiewicz Penelope , De Ceukelaire Marleen , Leduc Thierry , Claeys Philippe
Published: May 2022

Meteorites are prone to errestrial weathering not only after their fall on the Earth’s surface but also during storage in museum collections. To study the susceptibility of this material to weathering, weathering experiments were carried out on polished sections of the H5 chondrite Asuka 10177. The experiments consisted of four 100‐days cycles during which temperature and humidity varied on a twelve hours basis. The first alteration cycle consisted of changing the temperature from 15 to 25 °C; the second cycle consisted of modifying both humidity and temperature from 35 to 45% and 15 to 25 °C, respectively; the third cycle consisted of varying the humidity level from 40 to 60%; and the fourth cycle maintained a fixed high humidity of 80%. Weathering products resulting from the experiments were identified and characterized using scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Such products were not observed at the microscopic scale after the first cycle of alteration. Conversely, products typical of the corrosion of meteoritic FeNi metal were observed during scanning electron microscope surveys after all subsequent cycles. Important increases in the distribution of weathering products on the samples were observed after cycles 2 and 4 but not after cycle 3, suggesting that the combination of temperature and humidity fluctuations or high humidity (>60%) alone is most detrimental to chondritic samples. Chemistry of the weathering products revealed a high degree of FeNi metal corrosion with a limited contribution of troilite corrosion. No clear evidence of mafic silicate alteration was observed after all cycles, suggesting that postretrieval alteration remains limited to FeNi metal and to a lesser extent to troilite.
Assessing the impact of a statewide effort to improve breastfeeding rates: A RE‐AIM evaluation of CHAMPS in Mississippi
Authors: Merewood Anne , Burnham Laura , Berger Jacqueline , Gambari Aishat , Safon Cara , Beliveau Paige , Logan‐Hurt Tawanda , Nickel Nathan
Published: May 2022

Communities and Hospitals Advancing Maternity Practices (CHAMPS) is a public health initiative, operating in Mississippi since 2014, to improve maternal and child health practices and reduce racial disparities in breastfeeding. Using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance framework, this study assessed CHAMPS, which used a Quality Improvement intervention at hospitals, and engaged intensively with local community partners. The study team assessed outcomes through quantitative data (2014–2020) from national sources, Mississippi hospitals, community partners and CHAMPS programme records, and qualitative data from focus groups. With 95% of eligible Mississippi hospitals enrolled into CHAMPS, the programme reached 98% of eligible birthing women in Mississippi, and 65% of breastfeeding peer counsellors in Mississippi's Special Supplemental Nutrition Programme for Women, Infants and Children. Average hospital breastfeeding initiation rates rose from 56% to 66% (p < 0.05), the proportion of hospitals designated Baby‐Friendly or attaining the final stages thereof rose from 15% to 90%, and 80% of Mississippi Special Supplemental Programme for Women, Infants, and Children districts engaged with CHAMPS. CHAMPS also maintains a funded presence in Mississippi, and all designated hospitals have maintained Baby‐Friendly status. These findings show that a breastfeeding‐focused public health initiative using broad‐based strategic programming involving multiple stakeholders and a range of evaluation criteria can be successful. More breastfeeding promotion and support programmes should assess their wider impact using evidence‐based implementation frameworks.
Signatures of selection in core and accessory genomes indicate different ecological drivers of diversification among Bacillus cereus clades
Authors: White Hugh , Vos Michiel , Sheppard Samuel K. , Pascoe Ben , Raymond Ben
Published: May 2022

Bacterial clades are often ecologically distinct, despite extensive horizontal gene transfer (HGT). How selection works on different parts of bacterial pan‐genomes to drive and maintain the emergence of clades is unclear. Focusing on the three largest clades in the diverse and well‐studied Bacillus cereus sensu lato group, we identified clade‐specific core genes (present in all clade members) and then used clade‐specific allelic diversity to identify genes under purifying and diversifying selection. Clade‐specific accessory genes (present in a subset of strains within a clade) were characterized as being under selection using presence/absence in specific clades. Gene ontology analyses of genes under selection revealed that different gene functions were enriched in different clades. Furthermore, some gene functions were enriched only amongst clade‐specific core or accessory genomes. Genes under purifying selection were often clade‐specific, while genes under diversifying selection showed signs of frequent HGT. These patterns are consistent with different selection pressures acting on both the core and the accessory genomes of different clades and can lead to ecological divergence in both cases. Examining variation in allelic diversity allows us to uncover genes under clade‐specific selection, allowing ready identification of strains and their ecological niche.
Plant growth‐promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas sp. CM11 specifically induces lateral roots
Authors: Li Qian , Li Huchen , Yang Zhuang , Cheng Xu , Zhao Yaceng , Qin Ling , Bisseling Ton , Cao Qingqin , Willemsen Viola
Published: May 2022

Plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria are involved in altering secondary root (SR) formation, but hitherto there has been no distinction between the different types of SRs upon induction of soil biota, and the genetic pathways involved.

By using plate and soil systems, we studied the effects of the Pseudomonas strains CM11 and WCS417 on plant performance with a focus on root development. Through a combination of cellular, molecular and genetic analyses, we investigated the type of SRs induced upon CM11 and WCS417 root inoculation using genetic pathways associated with specific SR types.

CM11 was shown to affect the root architecture differently from WCS417. CM11 inoculation leads to primary root arrest, whereas WCS417 reveals a longer primary root. Both CM11 and WCS417 activate the PLETHORA 3,5,7‐controlled lateral root pathway, rather than the WUSCHEL‐RELATED HOMEOBOX 11,12‐controlled adventitious (lateral) root pathway. In addition, CM11 promotes plant growth in model and various crop species. It improves plant fitness traits, such as bigger shoots, faster bolting and higher yield in terms of seeds.

Our results indicate that the root system architecture can be promoted by activation of PLETHORA 3,5,7 dependent primed lateral pre‐branch sites upon inoculation with CM11, which creates great potential to gain a better understanding of root plasticity.
Broad‐range metalloprotease profiling in plants uncovers immunity provided by defence‐related metalloenzyme
Authors: Morimoto Kyoko , Krahn Daniel , Kaschani Farnusch , Hopkinson‐Woolley Digby , Gee Anna , Buscaill Pierre , Mohammed Shabaz , Sieber Stephan A. , Cravatt Benjamin F. , Schofield Christopher J. , van der Hoorn Renier A. L.
Published: May 2022

Plants encode > 100 metalloproteases representing > 19 different protein families. Tools to study this large and diverse class of proteases have not yet been introduced into plant research.

We describe the use of hydroxamate‐based photoaffinity probes to explore plant proteomes for metalloproteases.

We detected labelling of 23 metalloproteases in leaf extracts of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana that belong to nine different metalloprotease families and localize to different subcellular compartments. The probes identified several chloroplastic FtsH proteases, vacuolar aspartyl aminopeptidase DAP1, peroxisomal metalloprotease PMX16, extracellular matrix metalloproteases and many cytosolic metalloproteases. We also identified nonproteolytic metallohydrolases involved in the release of auxin and in the urea cycle. Studies on tobacco plants (Nicotiana benthamiana) infected with the bacterial plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae uncovered the induced labelling of PRp27, a secreted protein with implicated metalloprotease activity. PRp27 overexpression increases resistance, and PRp27 mutants lacking metal binding site are no longer labelled, but still show increased immunity.

Collectively, these studies reveal the power of broad‐range metalloprotease profiling in plants using hydroxamate‐based probes.
Bidirectional prediction between weight status and executive function in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of longitudinal studies
Authors: Likhitweerawong Narueporn , Louthrenoo Orawan , Boonchooduang Nonglak , Tangwijitsakul Hathaipohn , Srisurapanont Manit
Published: May 2022

This study examined the predictability of child weight status on executive function (EF) and vice versa. We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and EMBASE for longitudinal studies conducted in children and adolescents on October 31, 2021. A pairwise meta‐analysis was performed using a frequentist random‐effects approach. The quality of all included studies was evaluated using Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and GRADE assessments. This study included 18 longitudinal studies (N = 30,101). Overall executive functioning was a significant negative predictor of child weight status (pooled beta coefficient = −0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] [−0.22 to −0.07]; I2 = 97%). The pooled odds ratio also revealed that high EF children had a significant lower risk for developing overweight/obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 0.72; 95% CI [0.59 to 0.87]; I2 = 72%). Conversely, child weight status was a significant negative predictor of overall executive functioning (pooled beta coefficient = −0.06; 95% CI [−0.12 to −0.01]; I2 = 81%). These results suggest a bidirectional prediction between child weight status and EF. These predictabilities are low but potentially beneficial for implementation in childcare systems.
Study on the expression and function of chordin‐like 1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Han Ying , Xia Lu , Wang Xiaomeng , Xiong Haofeng , Zeng Liujun , Wang Zijia , Zhang Tianyi , Xia Kun , Hu Xin , Su Tong
Published: May 2022

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the role and related mechanism of chordin‐like 1 (CHRDL1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods

The expressions of CHRDL1 were analyzed in both mRNA and protein levels by bioinformatics analysis, immunohistochemistry, and fluorescence in situ hybridization in OSCC. Survival analysis was used to determine the relationship between CHRDL1 and prognosis. In addition, enrichment analysis was used to suggest signal pathways involved in CHRDL1. Besides, the relationships between CHRDL1 and miRNAs, hypoxia, and immune infiltration were explored.

Results

The mRNA level of CHRDL1 in OSCC was significantly lower than that in normal tissues, while the protein level was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. The high mRNA levels of CHRDL1 suggested a poor prognosis in patients with OSCC. The enrichment results showed that CHRDL1 might be involved in the Calcium signaling pathway, dilated cardiomyopathy, and focal adhesion. 7 immune cells were positively correlated with CHRDL1, while Tgd was negatively correlated with CHRDL1. In addition, we also found that hsa‐miR‐455‐3p directly targeted CHRDL1 and reduced the mRNA levels of CHRDL1.

Conclusion

CHRDL1 plays a vital role in promoting cancer in OSCC and is down‐regulated at the mRNA levels by hsa‐miR‐455‐3p.
Intra‐ and interspecific variability of specific leaf area mitigate the reduction of community stability in response to warming and nitrogen addition
Authors: Huang Mengjiao , Wang Shaopeng , Liu Xiang , Nie Ming , Zhou Shurong , Hautier Yann
Published: May 2022

Global environmental changes are reducing the diversity and affecting the functioning of natural ecosystems as well as their ability to reliably provide ecosystem functions and services to mankind. Many studies have shown that a greater plant diversity can stabilize community productivity against environmental fluctuations. However, most of these studies focused on plant species richness, thus overlooking the potential role of functional traits in stabilizing community productivity against environmental fluctuations. Whether and how functional trait mean and variability influence community stability in response to environmental changes and their relative contributions to community stability are largely unknown. Here, we used a 10‐year experiment to investigate the role of species richness, as well as functional mean and intra‐ and interspecific variability of specific leaf area (SLA) of plants within‐ and among communities in driving community stability in response to nitrogen (N) addition and warming. We found that both N addition and warming reduced the temporal stability of community productivity by reducing species richness and its contribution to species asynchrony and species stability. In contrast, changes in the mean and variability of SLA in response to N addition and warming mitigated the reduction of community stability. Specifically, N addition reduced variation in SLA both by reducing interspecific differences in SLA within communities and differences in mean values of SLA among communities. Warming increased intraspecific differences in SLA among communities, leading to higher species stability that partly buffered the reduction of community stability. Our study demonstrates the role of trait mean and variability in mitigating the reduction of community stability in response to two pervasive global environmental changes. Gaining a deeper understanding of the processes linking global changes and the stability of our ecosystems requires integrating both trait mean values and trait variability.
Bibliometric analysis of the 50 most cited publications in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Thompson Alyssa M. , Seivright Justine , Hsiao Jennifer L. , Shi Vivian Y.
Published: May 2022

Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects up to 20% of children worldwide. We identified the top 50 cited AD articles in the last seven decades and examined their characteristics. The majority were discussing the pathogenesis of AD and have paved the way for discovering targeted immunomodulatory treatments. A lack of geographic diversity was noted, thus encouraging more countries to be involved in AD research can further progress the future of AD management.
Pre‐existing Ab against vimentin leads to false‐positive HLA Ab results in two pediatric heart transplant candidates
Authors: Bansal Sandhya , Franz Brian J. , Land Geoffrey , Mohanakumar Thalachallour , Zangwill Steven
Published: May 2022

Background

HLA Ab analysis is carried out as a routine assay both pre‐ and post‐heart transplantation to identify Abs directed against HLA with a focus post‐transplant on those Abs that are donor‐specific. While virtual crossmatching has decreased the requirement for prospective crossmatching in many cases, the management of highly sensitized children on the heart transplant waitlist remains challenging and can delay the ability to successfully identify a suitable organ.

Methods

This report describes the histocompatibility assessment and management of identical twin boys with familial restrictive cardiomyopathy serially listed for transplant. The boys presented with HLA Ab testing that demonstrated broad pan‐DR reactivity which included Abs directed against SAgs.

Results

Our team began investigating the initial Ab results soon after listing the first child; the brother was listed 8 days later and had the same broad Ab profile. The clinical lab ran multiple investigative crossmatches using donor samples with known antigen typing and continued to see broad reactivity. We then partnered with an affiliated research lab where we identified high‐level Abs directed against vimentin along with vimentin‐positive exosomes in both boys.

Conclusions

While Abs directed against the self‐antigen vimentin has been described to cause false‐positive tissue crossmatches, this is the first report of these Abs being associated with false‐positive Ab screens using solid‐phase assays. This finding informed our management and surveillance in these two vulnerable pediatric heart transplant candidates.
Experiences of women with physical disabilities accessing prenatal care in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Authors: Kazembe Abigail , Simwaka Andrew , Dougherty Kylie , Petross Chisomo , Kafulafula Ursula , Chakhame Bertha , Chodzaza Elizabeth , Chisuse Isabella , Kamanga Martha , Sun Carolyn , George Maureen
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Women with physical disabilities experience barriers to accessing patient‐centered and accommodative care during the prenatal and childbirth periods. While there is a growing body of work in high‐income countries to address these needs, there is little research detailing specific challenges in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) where a woman's’ burden— and need—is greatest.

Methods

We conducted an integrative review to synthesize the experiences of women with physical disabilities accessing prenatal care and childbirth services in LMICs. Five databases were searched for systematic reviews, retrospective cohort studies, cross‐sectional studies, narrative literature reviews, as well as other evidence types. We used Ediom's EvidenceEngine™, a machine‐assisted search engine that uses artificial intelligence to conduct this search using pertinent keywords to identify original research published between January 2009 ‐ September 2018. These results were augmented by hand searching of reference lists. Forty articles were identified using this method and 11 retained after duplicates were removed and inclusion and exclusion criteria applied.

Results

Four types of experiences are described in these 11 studies: (1) limited physical and material resources; (2) health care worker knowledge, attitudes, and skills; (3) pregnant people's knowledge; and (4) public stigma and ignorance.

Discussion

People with physical disabilities face specific challenges during pregnancy and childbirth. Importantly, these findings offer targets for enhanced clinical training for nurses, midwives, traditional birth attendants and public health workers, as well as opportunities for the improved delivery of prenatal care and childbirth services to these vulnerable women.