bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel method for localization and tracking in NLOS environments of coal mines
Authors: Hu Qingsong , Cai Xueting , Li Shiyin , Sun Yanjing
Published: August 2022

The performance of target localization and tracking in coal mines is seriously affected by non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation. This paper proposes a new method to solve this problem. First, we introduce the NLOS error vector and the correction factor vector, and determine whether there is NLOS propagation through the variance of the measured value. Then the improved Chan method is proposed to decrease the NLOS error of localization results and enhance the localization accuracy. To track moving objects, we proposed ChopThin resampling-based particle filter(CTPF) algorithm to decrease the tracking error whose observed value are the corrected distance difference during localization. It ensures the effective number of effective particles and their diversity by using the ChopThin resampling to mitigate the adverse effects of the particle degeneracy. Besides, a threshold is set to decide whether to resample to reduce the amount of computation. Simulation results show that the improved Chan localization method proposed in this paper can suppress most of the NLOS errors and improve positioning accuracy, and the proposed CTPF has smaller tracking error than the traditional resampling filter algorithm.
AES Algorithm using Dynamic Shift Rows, Sub Bytes and Mix Column Operations for Systems Security wih Optimal Delay
Authors: K Gavaskar , S Ragupathy U , G Ravivarma , S Priyadharshan P
Published: August 2022

In the digital world, all the transmitted data is vulnerable and prone to attack. To reduce the vulnerability, security is needed for the data. The security of the data can be enhanced by implementing cryptographic techniques. Thus, the sender and the receiver can only view the data by implementing cryptography, whereas a third party cannot intervene. Cryptographic algorithms are used in the IoT, online banking, Web servers, etc. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is symmetric-key cryptography; it has the same key for both the encryption and decryption process. Each step in the AES algorithm is modified by using the key generated for each round, so each step of the AES is made key-dependent. This gives the dynamic AES algorithm. However, the delay and area are comparatively higher than the traditional method. Thus, the proposed method involves combining two steps, the sub-byte transformation and shifting rows. By doing this, the registers used to store the sub-byte data are removed. Thus, eliminating registers leads to less area consumption. Simulation is done using Verilog HDL in ModelSim and the synthesis is done in Xilinx Design Suite.
Whole genome analysis of Comamonas sp. USTBZA1 for biodegrading diethyl phthalate
Authors: Zhao Zhenzhen , Liu Chao , Xu Qianqian , Song Meijie , Yan Hai
Published: August 2022

Extensive use of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) as plasticizer causes diffusion into the environment, which posed a great threat to mankind. In the present study, one promising bacterial strain for biodegrading diethyl phthalate (DEP) was successfully isolated from activated sludge and characterized as Comamonas sp. USTBZA1 based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Under the optimal conditions of pH 7.5, 30℃ and inoculum volume ratio of 6%, initial DEP of 50 mg/L could be completely biodegrade by strain USTBZA1 within 24 h which conformed to the Gompertz model. Based on Q-TOF LC/MS analysis, monoethyl phthalate (MEP) and phthalic acid (PA) were identified as the metabolic products of DEP biodegradation by USTBZA1. Furthermore, the whole genome of Comamonas sp. USTBZA1 was analyzed to excavate PAEs catabolic genes in stain USTBZA1. There were 3 and 41 genes encoding esterase/arylesterase and hydrolase respectively which could involve in PAEs hydrolysis, and two genes regions (pht34512 and pht4253) were responsible for the conversion of PA to protocatechuate (PCA), and two genes regions (ligCBAIKJ) are involved in PCA metabolism in USTBZA1. These results substantiated that Comamonas sp. USTBZA1 had potential application in the DEP bioremediation.
Association of different doses of curcumin with preadipocyte-adipocyte differentiation and inflammatory status
Authors: Çetinalp Pınar , Değirmencioğlu Sevgin , Küçük Sevda Tanrıkulu , Seyithanoğlu Muhammed , İyidoğan Yıldız Öner , Koçak Hikmet
Published: August 2022

Human adipose tissue is involved in fat storage and also plays a role in the immune response. Curcumin (CUR), a natural polyphenol is suggested to supress adipocyte differentiation in the early stage by inhibiting secretion of some regulators and the inflammatory cytokines and by activating the secretion of antiinflammatory cytokines. Our aim in this research was to examine the molecular pathways of the inhibitory effects of different doses of curcumin (0.5 µM, 5 µM, 10 µM, 20 µM, 50 µM) on the preadipocyte-adipocyte differentiation and the anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin for preventing adipocyte related oxidative and inflammatory status. Differentiation of cells was performed using Oil red O, mRNA expression levels of adiponectin, CCAAT/enhancer binding proteinα (C/EBPα), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, Nuclear Factor kappa B1 (NFκB1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor1 (TRPV1), uncoupling protein2 (UCP2), vasculer endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor I (VEGF-RI), VEGF-RII were evaluated in preadipocytes and adipocytes. Curcumin suppressed the differentiation of preadipocyte to adipocytes, decreased the release of proinflammatory cytokines, but it did this by regulating C/EBPα and PPARγ gene expressions outside the NF-κB pathway. Curcumin effectively suppressed adipogenic transcription factors and also adipocyte differentiation at all doses between 0.5–50 µM, but showed its anti-inflammatory effect especially in the application of curcumin of 50 µM.
Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus hydrogen sulfide exerts antihypertensive effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats by attenuating oxidative stress via the Nrf2 pathway
Authors: Xia Wen-Jie , Yu Xiao-Jing , Liu Kai-Li , Wang Xiao-Min , Yang Yu , Meng Tingting , Qiao Jin-An , Zhang Nianping , Sun Yao-Jun , Kang Yu-Ming
Published: August 2022

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is widely distributed throughout the nervous system with various antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Increased reactive oxygen species and inflammation in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) are involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension. But it is unclear how H2S in PVN affects hypertension. Our study used spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and control Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, microinjected with AAV-CBS (cystathionine beta-synthase overexpression) or AAV-ZsGreeen in the bilateral PVN; or simultaneously injected with virus-carrying nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-shRNA. We found that AAV-CBS increased H2S in the PVN, and that blood pressure, neuronal activation, oxidative stress, and inflammation of PVN were all substantially reduced. In addition, PVN endogenous H2S activated Nrf2 and corrected the PVN's unbalanced of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. However, Nrf2 knockdown in the PVN was similarly observed to abolish the beneficial effect of H2S on hypertension. These results suggest that PVN endogenous H2S can ameliorate hypertension through Nrf2-mediated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
The Clinicopathological Features of Low-Grade Epilepsy-Associated Glioneuronal Tumors with CD34 Expression and BRAF Mutation
Authors: Xie Mingguo , Wang Xiongfei , Qiao Jiao , Zhou Jian , Guan Yuguang , Li Tianfu , Qi Xueling , Luan Guoming
Published: August 2022

Purpose
The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinicopathological features, as well as the surgical prognosis, of epilepsy-associated glioneuronal tumors (GNT) with CD34 expression and BRAF mutation.
Methods
Clinical data of patients who underwent epilepsy surgery for GNT were retrospectively studied. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the correlations of clinical and pathological factors with molecular markers of CD34 expression and BRAFV600E mutation in GNT.
Results
A total of 247 patients with GNT had immunohistochemical detection of CD34 expression (CD34 positive vs. negative: 198/49), and among them, 102 patients had immunohistochemical detection of BRAFV600E mutation (BRAF positive vs. negative: 59/43). Univariate analysis found that tumor types (P < 0.001), patient population (P = 0.015), seizure aura (P = 0.007), drug-resistant epilepsy (P = 0.036), concordance of ictal electroencephalogram (EEG) findings (P = 0.032), surgical resection extent (P = 0.045), tumor location (P = 0.007) and duration of epilepsy (P = 0.027) were related to CD34 expression, and that concordance of ictal EEG findings (P = 0.031) and age at surgery (P = 0.015) were related to BRAFV600E mutation. In addition, history of generalized tonic-clonic seizure (HR = 0.12; P = 0.035), drug-resistant epilepsy (HR = 0.13; P = 0.030) and concordance of interictal EEG findings (HR = 8.01; P = 0.039) were associated with tumor progression-free survival (PFS). However, CD34 expression or BRAFV600E mutation in GNT was not associated with surgical outcomes of seizure control and tumor PFS.
Conclusion
The CD34 expression or BRAFV600E mutation in GNT may partly influence the distribution of clinicopathological features of patients with epilepsy, but they may be not able to predict the surgical prognosis of seizure outcome and tumor recurrence.
Time-of-Flight spectroscopy for laser-driven proton beam monitoring
Authors: Reimold Marvin , Assenbaum Stefan , Bernert Constantin , Beyreuther Elke , Brack Florian-Emanuel , Karsch Leonhard , Kraft Stephan , Kroll Florian , Löser Markus , Nossula Alexej , Pawelke Jörg , Püschel Thomas , Schlenvoigt Hans-Peter , Schramm Ulrich , Umlandt Marvin Elias Paul , Zeil Karl , Ziegler Tim , Metzkes-Ng Josefine
Published: August 2022

Application experiments with laser plasma-based accelerators (LPA) for protons have to cope with the inherent fluctuations of the proton source. This creates a demand for non-destructive and online spectral characterization of the proton pulses, which are for application experiments mostly spectrally filtered and transported by a beamline. Here, we present a scintillator-based time-of-flight (ToF) beam monitoring system (BMS) for the recording of single-pulse proton energy spectra. The setup’s capabilities are showcased by characterizing the spectral stability for the transport of LPA protons for two beamline application cases. For the two beamline settings monitored data of 122 and 144 proton pulses collected over multiple days were evaluated, respectively. A relative energy uncertainty of 5.5 % (1σ) is reached for the ToF BMS, allowing for a Monte-Carlo based prediction of depth dose distributions, also used for the calibration of the device. Finally, online spectral monitoring combined with the prediction of the corresponding depth dose distribution in the irradiated samples is demonstrated to enhance applicability of plasma sources in dose-critical scenarios.
XIST Regulates Breast Cancer Stem Cells by Activating Proinflammatory IL-6 Signaling
Authors: Ma Yuxi , Zhu Yongyou , Shang Li , Qiu Yan , Shen Na , Song Qingxuan , Li Jun , Wicha Max S. , Luo Ming
Published: August 2022

Background
Aberrant expression of XIST, a long noncoding RNA initiating X chromosome inactivation (XCI) during early embryogenesis, is a common feature of breast cancer (BC). However, the roles of post-XCI XIST in breast carcinogenesis remain elusive.
Methods
In this study, we examined the expression of XIST in human BC cell (BCC) lines across the spectrum of BC subtypes. We then investigated the effect of knockdown (KD) of aberrantly expressed XIST in luminal and triple-negative (TN) BCCs on tumor growth, cancer stem cell (CSC) activities, and global gene expression. We identified the most significantly altered genes and pathways in ALDH− bulk tumor cells and ALDH+ CSCs upon XIST KD and validated the roles of these genes in regulating ALDH+ epithelial (E) versus CD24−/loCD44+/hi mesenchymal (M) CSCs. Lastly, we conducted miRNA array and luciferase reporter assays to define the molecular mechanisms of XIST in CSC regulation.
Results
Doxycycline (DOX) induced XIST KD markedly inhibits spheroid/colony forming capacity, tumor growth and tumor-initiating potential. This phenotype is attributed to impaired E-CSC in luminal and E- and M-CSC activities in TN BCCs. Gene expression profiling demonstrates that XIST KD most significantly affects cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, resulting in markedly suppressed expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 in the bulk of tumor cells. Exogenous IL-6, but not IL-8, rescues the reduced sphere-forming capacity and proportion of ALDH+ CSCs in luminal and TN BCCs following XIST KD. This suggests a mechanism whereby XIST regulates IL-6 production by bulk tumor cells, which then acts in a paracrine manner on ALDH+ CSCs that display elevated IL-6 receptor (IL6R) expression. XIST functions as a molecular sponge for MicroRNA let-7a-2-3p to derepress IL-6 expression, which in turn promotes self-renewal of ALDH+ CSCs by inducing STAT3 activation and expression of key CSC factors including c-MYC, KLF4 and SOX9.
Conclusions
This study supports a novel role of XIST by derepressing let-7 controlled paracrine IL-6 proinflammatory signaling to promote CSC self-renewal.
WITHDRAWN: Explaining the Conceptual Model of the Architectural Process Method Inspired by Nature
Authors: Olia Shermin , Habib Farah , Shahcheraghi Azadeh
Published: August 2022

Nature strategies have a constructive effect on the sustainable solution, but due to the complexities of nature's strategies and its interdisciplinary character, we need to know the process of architectural creation with framing inspired by nature. We need to change behavior and develop sustainable thinking as an intellectual system, which is possible by taking advantage of the rich source of nature knowledge. Considering the scale of biological information, the lack of ease of recognizing and applying nature's strategies, it requires the conceptual model. The main question is to establish a clear connection between the mentioned concepts, discover the effective components in the design process, which creates new paths to reach innovative designs inspired by nature. The research shows that: the biological framing of the architectural creation process begins based on the design problem solving approach. Biological knowledge and information, in addition to affecting the quality and capability of the product, also causes changes in the architectural creation process. The most important effect of it is to change the type of attitude in design in order to achieve harmony and create a balance between the human made environment and nature, increasing productivity and achieving stability, not reducing the amount of instability.
Similar Classes Latent Distribution modelling-based Oversampling Method for Imbalanced Image Classification
Authors: Ye Wei , Dong Minggang , Wang Yan , Gan Guojun , Liu Deao
Published: August 2022

Learning an unbiased classifier from imbalanced image datasets is achallenging task, since the classifier may strongly bias towards majorityclasses. To address this issue, some deep generative models-basedoversampling methods have been proposed. However, most methods paylittle attention to the decision boundary, which may contribute tiny tolearning an unbiased classifier. In this paper, we focus on the decisionboundary and propose a similar classes latent distribution modellingbasedoversampling method.Specifically, first, we model each class asdifferent von Mises-Fisher distributions, thereby aligning feature learningwith the class distributions. Furthermore, we develop a distanceminimization loss function, which makes similar classes closer in latentspace. The generator can learn more shared latent features from thedecision region. In addition, we propose a boundary sampling strategy,which uses latent variables between similar classes to generateboundary samples for data balancing. Experiments on four imbalancedimage datasets show that the proposed method achieves promisingperformance in terms of Recall, Precision, F1-score and G-mean.
Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 Nanoflower Thin Films under UV Irradiation
Authors: Kadhim M. J. , Mahdi M. A. , Hassan J. J.
Published: August 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A Reinforcement Learning based tool for non-parametric population pharmacokinetics workflow optimization
Authors: Otalvaro Julian D , Yamada Walter M , Hernandez Alher M , Zuluaga Andres F , Chen Rong , Neely Michael N
Published: August 2022

Background: The building of population pharmacokinetic models can be described as an iterative process in which given a model and a dataset, the pharmacometrician performs introduces some changes, then perform an evaluation and based on the predictions obtained performs further optimization. This process (perform an action, witness a result, optimize your knowledge) is a perfect scenario for the implementation of Reinforcement Learning algorithms. In this paper we present the conceptual background and a implementation of one of those algorithms aiming to show pharmacometricians how to automate (to a certain point) the iterative model building process. Methods: We present the selected discretization for the action and the state space. SARSA was selected as the RL algorithm to use, configured with a window of 1000 episodes with and a limit of 30 actions per episode. Under the hood we used the Non-Parametric Optimal Design (NPOD) to perform the parameter optimization. Results: The RL based agent managed to obtain the same likelihood and number of support points, with a distribution similar to the reported in the original paper. The total amount of time used by the train the agent was 5.5h, although we think this time can be further improved. Conclusions: It is possible to automatically find the structural model that maximizes the final likelihood for an specific pharmacokinetic dataset by using Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithm. The framework provided could allow the integration of even more actions i.e: add/remove covariates, non-linear compartments or the execution of secondary analysis. Many limitations were found while performing this study but we hope to address them all in future studies.
Distributional effect of international remittances on household expenditure: Evidence from Cameroon
Authors: MEKA'A BERNARD COSMAS , BITA CHARLES ALAIN , NOUFELIE ROMUS TCHUELACHUE
Published: August 2022

In this study, we examine the distributional effect of international remittances on household expenditures in Cameroon. We define non-poor (poor) and recipient households as those who have access to remittances and allocate a large (small) proportion of their budgets on health, education and/or food. Following this definition, our study uses the quantile regression method and migration observatory data from the Africa and Caribbean (2012) survey, to empirically examine the relation. Results show however that remittances negatively affect the three expenditure items, but only the relation between remittances and food expenditures show statistically significant outcomes. In respect to the quantile distribution method, we find a negative average effect of remittances on food expenditure. In addition, the effect of remittances on the expenditure of less poor household is positive at a large magnitude. This result hence suggests increased economic inequalities resulting from increased remittances. Our finding further confirm the hypothesis stipulating that: adverse distributional effect of remittances depend on household ability to finance the migration cost. We therefore agree with already existing conclusions in the economic literature.
Grading Ethiopian Coffee Raw Quality Using Image Processing Techniques.
Authors: Bedaso Muktar , Meshesha Million , Diriba Chala
Published: August 2022

Coffee is a beverage obtained from cherry, the fruit of coffee plant. Grading serves as a process for controlling the quality of an agricultural commodity so that buyer and seller can do business without personally examining every lot sold. This study attempts to apply image processing techniques towards sample coffee raw quality value Grading. A total of 145 image datasets and 10,000 coffee beans were used from different grade of coffee from ECX Jimma center. The experimental research design was employed. ImageJ tool and Matlab programming language were used. For image preprocessing Gaussian filter to remove noise, contrast enhancement method to enhance the quality of coffee bean image, Normalization and Binarization by thresholding 8-bit images algorithm to separate image into region in image segmentation process were used. Techniques and algorithms such as ANN, SVM and KNN were used in this study. For the purpose of computing the grading accuracy of datasets, 80% of total dataset were used for training the model and the remaining 20% of dataset were used for testing. The major challenges during conducting this study were keeping the best quality control environment when acquiring images, extracting best features of HSB color feature and the homogeneity of coffee bean color features. Hence, appropriate selection of image processing and classification modules paves the way for higher accuracy in the higher-level process for decision making.
The New Technique in Hemorrhoid Disease: A Combination of Laser Hemorrhoidoplasty and Ferguson Hemorrhoidectomy
Authors: Yanar Fatih , Abbasov Aykhan , Ilhan Burak , Ozcınar Beyza , Yanar Hakan
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the early and long-term results of the three surgical methods (Ferguson hemorrhoidectomy, laser hemorrhoidoplasty, and combined method) of hemorrhoidal disease. Methods: Between January 2018 and January 2020, 154 consecutive patients diagnosed with symptomatic grade II-III hemorrhoid disease were treated with Ferguson hemorrhoidectomy (FH group), laser hemorrhoidoplasty (LHP group), or combined (FH + LHP group) method. Patients were evaluated in terms of duration of surgery, recovery time of symptoms, postoperative pain, early and late complications, and recurrence. Results: Postoperative pain scores on the 6th, 12th, 24th hours, and 7th day were significantly lower in the LHP group compared to other groups (p <0.001). Upon development of postoperative perianal thrombosis in 2 patients of the LHP group, one patient underwent thrombectomy and the other patient underwent medical treatment. In the FH group, reoperation and hemostasis are done for bleeding on the postoperative 6th day in 1 patient, and a foley catheter was applied due to urinary retention in 1 patient. Two anal fissures were seen in postoperative one month in the FH group and recovered with medical treatment and sitz bath. There were two hemorrhoid disease recurrences the median follow-up period of 24 (12-36) months in the LHP group only.Conclusion: In patients with multiple hemorrhoid packages with both grade 2 and also grade 3 disease, the combined method can be better used safely and effectively, despite relatively higher pain scores, and prolonged operation time compared to the LHP method but considering rare complications and recurrences.
Predictive factors for Roux stasis syndrome after distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction in gastric cancer patients: A retrospective comparative cohort study
Authors: Meng Yan , Ma Yanpeng , Qu Ruize , Ma Junren , Lin Hsinyi , Lu Siyi , Fu Wei , Zhou Xin
Published: August 2022

Background: Roux-en-Y (R-Y) reconstruction after distal gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients can cause Roux stasis syndrome (RSS), the pathogenic mechanism of which is unclear. This study retrospectively evaluated the risk factors for RSS.Material and methods: Patients who were pathologically diagnosed with gastric cancer and underwent distal gastrectomy with R-Y reconstruction between March 2014 and March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. RSS occurrence was evaluated and examined for correlations with demographic and clinicopathological data. A nomogram was built using “R” package.Results: RSS was observed in 20/220 patients (9.1%), and there was a significant difference between males and females (11.9% vs. 3.9%, p = 0.049). The incidence of RSS tended to be higher in underweight (body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥ 28.0 kg/m2) patients (p = 0.043). The rates of smoking and nerve invasion were higher in patients with RSS, but statistical significance was not reached. There were no significant differences in other factors. A nomogram was built in which sex, BMI group, nerve invasion and smoking were incorporated to predict RSS (AUC = 0.71).Conclusions: Both male sex and a polarized BMI are independent risk factors for RSS after distal gastrectomy with R-Y reconstruction in gastric cancer patients. A nomogram including sex, BMI group, nerve invasion and smoking can predict RSS occurrence.Trial registration number:NCT04919577 (ClinicalTrials.gov)
Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease : a 10 Year Latin-american Experience
Authors: Gómez Paula Torres , Rey Carlos , Correa Juan Rafael , Rios Edgar
Published: August 2022

BackgroundBicuspid aortic valve is one of the most common congenital heart malformations affecting 2% of the population. There is a gap in the literature regarding the Latin-American population, the aim of this study is to analyze the demographic, clinical characteristics and the surgical outcomes of patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) with a 1,5 and 10 year follow-up in a single center.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of a prospectively collected database. All patients that underwent aortic-valve related procedures with bicuspid aortic valve finding between 2011-2021 were included. Comparison between groups were performed using paired t-test or Mann Whitney-Wilcoxon when appropriate. Statistically significant value was accepted if < 0.05. Results: 82 patients were included. Male patients constituted 71.95% of the population. Median age was 58 years (IQR 47;65). Type 1 BAV were the most common finding (85.19%). Aortic stenosis was the most common clinical feature in 64.64% of the cases. Coronary artery disease and smoking history are related with decreased left ventricular function with statistically significant value (p 0.02 - 0.03 respectively). Mortality rate was 2.44. Overall survival rate after 1-5 and 10 years was 97.56%, 96.42%, and 80.5% respectively.Conclusions: Patients with associated coronary artery disease and smoking history should be considered high risk patients due to the relationship with decreased left ventricular function even with an asymptomatic course. Further prospective studies are needed to prove our results.
Origin of rice gametophytic cytoplasmic male sterility genes in Chinese populations of Oryza rufipogon through sequence features of B-atp6-orfH79
Authors: Zhang Xuemei , Chen Shuying , Zhao Zixian , Zhao Yinhe , Ma Cunqiang , Liu Yating
Published: August 2022

Background: The cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) of rice is caused by chimeric mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that is maternally inherited in the majority of multicellular organisms. Wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) has been regarded as an ancestral progenitor of Asian rice (Oryza sativa). To identify additional CMS sources, and explore the origin of gametophytic CMS gene, a total of 427 individuals with 17 representative populations of O. rufipogon were collected in from Dongxiang of Jiangxi Province to Sanya of Hainan Province, China, for the PCR amplification of atp6, orfH79 and B-atp6-orfH79, respectively.
Results: Among 17 populations, the B-atp6-orfH79 and its variants (B-atp6-GSV) were detected in five populations (i.e. HK, GZ, PS, TL and YJ) through PCR amplification, which were divided into three haplotypes, i.e., BH1, BH2, and BH3. The BH2 haplotype was identical to B-atp6-orfH79, while the BH1 and BH3 were the novel haplotypes of B-atp6-orfH79. Combined with the high-homology sequences in GenBank, a total of 18 haplotypes have been revealed, which only could be divided into 10 haplotypes in orfH79 and its variants (GSV) section.thatbelong to 3 species (i.e. O. rufipogon, Oryza nivara and Oryza sativa) Enough haplotypes clearly demonstrate the structural characteristics of the B-atp6-orfH79 as follows: Except for the conserved sequence (671 bp) composed of B-atp6 (619 bp) and the downstream followed the B-atp6 (52 bp, DS), and GSV sequence, a rich variable sequence (VS, 176 bp) lies between the DS and GSV with 5 insertion or deletion and more than 30 single nucleotide polymorphism. Maximum likelihood analysis showed that 18 haplotypes formed three clades with high support rate. The hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated the occurrence of variation among all populations (FST = 1; P < 0.001), which implied that the chimeric structure occurred independently. All 17 haplotypes of the orfH79 was statisticsed based on our results and the existing references, which belong to 6 species, but their genetic relationship can not be reflected through systematic analysis. 7 existed single nucleotide polymorphism in GSV section can be translated into 11 various amino acid sequences.
Conclusions: In this study, the relevant populations provide diverse CMS primary sources. B-atp6 and the GSV simultaneous existence in the plant. The sequence characteristics of B-atp6-orfH79 and Maximum Likelihood analysis indicated the chimerise occur independently with consistent chimeric sites, which might help to explore the origin of rice gametophytic CMS genes in O. rufipogon.
WITHDRAWN: Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting metachronous peritoneal metastasis in colorectal cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Ban Bo , Shang An , Shi Jian
Published: August 2022

Background: The present study aimed to establish and validate a nomogram model to predict the occurrence of metachronous peritoneal metastasis (m-PM) in colorectal cancer (CRC) within 3 years after surgery. Method: The clinical datum of 965 patients were enrolled in this study from Second Hospital of Jilin University, between January 1, 2014 and January 31, 2019. The patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts at a ratio of 2:1. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was performed to identify the variables with nonzero coefficients to predict the risk of m-PM. Multivariate logistic regression was used to verify the selected variables and to develop the predictive nomogram model. Harrell's concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Brier score, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate discrimination, distinctiveness, validity, and clinical utility of this nomogram model. The model was verified internally using bootstrapping method and verified externally using validation cohort.Results: The nomogram included 7 predictors: emergency operation, tumor site, histological type, pathological T stage, CA125, BRAF mutation and MSI status. The model achieved a good prediction accuracy on both the training and validation datasets. The C-index, area under the curve (AUC), and Brier scores were 0.814, 0.814 (95%CI 0.764–0.864), and 0.079, respectively, for the training cohort were 0.812, 0.812 (95%CI 0.732–0.893) and 0.087, respectively. DCA showed that when the threshold probability was between 0.01 and 0.75, using this model to predict m-PM could achieve a net clinical benefit.Conclusion: we have established and validated a nomogram model to predict m-PM in patients undergoing curative surgery, which shows good discrimination and high accuracy.Trial registration: The study was approved by Ethics Committee of the Second Hospital of Jilin University (Approval No.2021003) on January 19th.
Dopamine D 2/3 receptor availabilities in striatal and extrastriatal regions of the adult human brain: Comparison of four methods of analysis
Authors: Khodaii Javad , Nomura Yoshiyuki , Chang Natalie Hong Siu , Wong Dean F. , Møller Arne , Gjedde Albert
Published: August 2022

Background:Values of binding potentials (BPND) of dopamine D2/3receptors differ in different regions of the brain, but we do not know with certainty how much of this difference is due either to different receptor numbers, or to different affinities of tracers to the receptors, or to both.Method:We tested the claim that both striatal and extrastriatal dopamine D2/3receptor availabilities vary with age in vivo in humans by determining the values ofBPNDof the specific radioligand [11C]raclopride. We determined values ofBPNDin striatal and extrastriatal volumes-of-interest (VOI) with the same specific receptor radioligand.Results:We estimated values ofBPNDin individual voxels of brains of healthy volunteers in vivo, and we obtained regional averages of VOI by dynamic positron emission tomography (PET). We calculated average values ofBPNDin caudate nucleus and putamen of striatum, and in frontal, occipital, parietal, and temporal cortices of the forebrain, by means of four methods, including the ERLiBiRD (Estimation of Reversible Ligand Binding and Receptor Density) method, the tissue reference methods of Logan and Logan-Ichise, respectively, and the SRTM (Simplified Reference Tissue Method). Voxelwise generation of parametric maps of values ofBPNDused the multi-linear regression version of SRTM.Conclusions:The estimates ofBPNDdeclined significantly with age in both striatal and extrastriatal regions, as determined by all four methods, with the greatest decline observed in posterior (occipital and parietal) cortices (14% per decade) and the lowest decline in caudate nucleus (3% per decade).
Treadmill exercise improves brain energy metabolism, motor, and cognitive functions in Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy mice model
Authors: Pei Feifei , Gandi Fred , Wang Yuan , Li Haoyue , Du Shijia , Cui Susu , Fu Jia , Chang Cheng
Published: August 2022

More evidence shows that the brain energy demands are enormous. This study aimed to examine the metabolism changes in the brain of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) mice model and to evaluate how treadmill exercise enhances brain metabolism. We used unilateral carotid common artery ligation mice model to simulate the clinical HIE patients. Several behavior tests were used to evaluate the motor and cognitive function impairment, western blot and immunofluorescence were used to assess the metabolism related protein changes in the different groups. Meanwhile, the HIE mice models were randomly divided into exercise training group (HIE-T) which were subjected to four weeks of treadmill exercise training and non-exercise training group (HIE-NT). The results revealed that there was decreased expression of glucose transporters GLUTs in HIE and an enhanced expression of monocarboxylate transporters MCTs, which is an important part of energy metabolism adaptation. After the period of treadmill exercise training, the expression of GLUT1 as well as MCT1 increased in the motor cortex of HIE mice model. Moreover, the mitochondrial cristae and edges were clear and intact under Transmission electron microscope compared with HIE-NT group. This suggests that increased brain energy attributed to treadmill exercise training shows promising therapeutic potential for HIE.
WITHDRAWN: Flexible Uretero-Renoscopy Versus Mini-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Treatment of Renal Stones 2 Cm or Less; A Randomised, Comparative Study
Authors: Darwish Amr E. , Abdelmoniem Alaa E. , Ahmed Abdelfatah I. , Hamdy Seif M. , Abolella Hassan A. , Reda Ahmed
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of treatment of renal stones of 2 cm or less with either fURS or mPCNL.Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, comparative study conducted between January 2019 and July 2021 at three tertiary care Urology centers. Inclusion criteria were adult patients with renal stone(s) ≤ 2cm with inappropriateness or failure of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy. The two treatment groups were mPCNL and fURS. Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy was done in the prone position under fluoroscopic guidance using a 12-Fr., rigid Nephroscope with the track dilated up to 18 Fr. The study assessed two primary outcomes: (1) initial success rate, which meant absence of CSRF (> 2mm) at the level of KUB and ultrasound on the 1st post-operative day; (2) complications, which were reported according to the Modified Clavien-Dindo classification system. Secondary outcomes included final success rate, which meant absence of CSRF at the level of NCCT on the 90th post-operative day; operative time; auxiliary procedure and blood transfusion rates; haemoglobin drop; and hospital stay.Results: One hundred eighteen procedures were analysed (59 in each group). Initial success rate of mPCNL (93%) was significantly higher than fURS (70%). Complications occurred more frequently with mPCNL (44.1% versus 18.6%, respectively). Final success rate, operative time and hospital stay were comparable between the two groups.Conclusion: Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy is more effective than fURS as a rapid, single-step treatment for renal stones due to its higher first-day success rate and lower auxiliary procedure rate. However, it results in significantly higher morbidity than fURS.
An Experimental Study of the Size Effect’s Impact on Consolidation Behaviors of Dredged Silt
Authors: Hu Ronghua , Zhang Ming , Wang Jiaqi
Published: August 2022

The soil sample size of the consolidation test is different from the actual soil, with the differences shown in their compression and permeability properties. This study thus is to investigate the influence of sample size on the consolidation behaviors of dredged silt. In order to investigate the sample size’s impact on consolidation behavior, this study used the automatic air pressure consolidometer to conduct numerous consolidation tests on three kinds of dredged silt samples at different heights in Qianwan, Shenzhen, China. The key findings made the following three significant contributions. (1) The compression curves of samples of different sizes have three stages: small load disturbance, elastic deformation and plastic deformation. The void ratio in the latter two stages decreases with the increase of sample height. (2) The stable strain and compression index of the samples decrease when the samples' height increases. While the sample height has a limited impact on the structural yield stress, its consolidation coefficient decreases significantly with the increase of the sample height. Thus, the size effect’s impact on the consolidation coefficient should be considered. (3) Due to the reason that dredged silt and marine silt have different formation processes, stress history, and material composition, the permeability coefficient of dredged silt is greater than that of marine silt. When the consolidation pressure is lower, the consolidation coefficient of dredged silt is less than that of marine silt. The difference between the consolidation coefficient of the two kinds of silt decreases with the increase of consolidation pressure. The difference of the former is greater than the latter.
Clinical presentation, viral kinetics and management of human monkeypox cases from New Delhi, India 2022
Authors: Rehlan Vineet , Sahay Rima R. , Shete Anita M. , Yadav Pragya D. , Sahoo BL , Patil Deepak Y. , Kumar Suresh , PS Kannan Sabarinath , Dar Lalit , Mohandas Sreelekshmy , Abraham Priya
Published: August 2022

We describe the clinico-demographical, virological follow-up and management of five confirmed Monkeypox cases from New Delhi, India without any international travel history. The viral load kinetics and viral clearance was estimated in oropharyngeal swab (OPS), nasopharyngeal swab (NPS), EDTA blood, serum, urine and various lesion specimens at every fourth day of follow-up ranging from 5–24 post onset day (POD) of illness. All the five cases presented with mild to moderate grade intermittent fever, myalgia and lesions on the genitals, groins, lower limb, trunk and upper limb. Four cases had non-tender firm lymphadenopathy. No secondary complications or sexually transmitted infections were recorded in these cases except for HBV in one case. All the cases were mild and had good recovery. The high viral load was detected at POD 14 in lesion fluid, followed by lesion roof at POD 5, lesion base at POD 14 while urine, OPS and NPS at POD 5. The MPXV DNA was detected from 5 to 24 POD. These Monkeypox cases suggests the under diagnosed monkeypox infection in the community. This emphasizes the need for active surveillance of MPXV in high risk population such as Men having sex with men (MSM) and female sex workers (FSW).
SUFISM, SPIRITUAL PERFORMATIVITY AND THEOLOGICAL CONTESTATIONS: PARALLELISMS OF THE ACEH AND PERAK SULTANATES ACROSS THE CENTURIES
Authors:   Faculty of Creative Technology and Heritage, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 16300 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia, Raja Halid Raja Iskandar
Published: August 2022

Since the thirteenth century, longstanding connections between tariqa (Sufi Orders) and Malay Sultanates brought new Islamic knowledge and practices which were fused with local traditions. The coming of Islam also brought the nobat musical ensemble and religious-related musical practices. From the court of Pasai, North Sumatera, the ensemble later spread to other parts of the Malay world and was still played in the succeeding Aceh sultanate in the early seventeenth century. Evidence for this exists in the court manual, Adat Aceh, which details the use of music in royal religious processions and the practice zikir by the Sultan and his subjects. The Sufi spiritual performativity continued in the 1980s at the court of Perak with the introduction of the Naqshbandi Haqqani tariqa, where certain devotional-musical practices such as zikir, qasida, and mawlid were occasionally performed. However, the nobat was not used in these Sufi practices but replaced by percussion-based musical ensembles. Both these Naqshbandi Sufi tariqa were theologically contested, and their esoteric doctrines were considered blasphemous by those with religious power. This article examines the parallel existence of two Malay sultanates in different times, their connections to branches of Sufi tariqa, musical practices and the contestations that ensued.
Codebase release 3.4 for NetKet
Authors: Vicentini Filippo , Hofmann Damian , Szabó Attila , Wu Dian , Roth Christopher , Giuliani Clemens , Pescia Gabriel , Nys Jannes , Vargas-Calderón Vladimir , Astrakhantsev Nikita , Carleo Giuseppe
Published: August 2022

We introduce version 3 of NetKet, the machine learning toolbox for many-body quantum physics.
NetKet is built around neural quantum states and provides efficient algorithms for their evaluation and optimization.
This new version is built on top of JAX, a differentiable programming and accelerated linear algebra framework for the Python programming language.
The most significant new feature is the possibility to define arbitrary neural network ansätze in pure Python code using the concise notation of machine-learning frameworks, which allows for just-in-time compilation as well as the implicit generation of gradients thanks to automatic differentiation.
NetKet 3 also comes with support for GPU and TPU accelerators, advanced support for discrete symmetry groups, chunking to scale up to thousands of degrees of freedom, drivers for quantum dynamics applications, and improved modularity, allowing users to use only parts of the toolbox as a foundation for their own code.
Yumuşak Çekirdekli Meyve Türlerinde Kuraklığın Etkileri
Authors: FAİZİ Zaki Ahmad , ÖZTÜRK Ahmet
Published: August 2022

Elma, armut, ayva, trabzonhurması, yenidünya, muşmula ve alıç dünyada önemli üretim potansiyeline sahip yumuşak çekirdekli meyve türleri arasındadır. Sıcaklık yetiştriciliği sınırlandıran en önemli iklim faktörüdür. Son yıllarda küresel iklim değişikliğiyle birlikte kuraklığın artması ve su kaynaklarına erişimin azalması sıcaklığın en önemli etkileri olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Su stresi altındaki yumuşak çekirdekli meyve türlerinde ortaya çıkan morfolojik, biyokimyasal, fizyolojik ve moleküler değişimlerin etkisi ile verim ve kalite parametrelerinin düşmesi dolayısıyla ağaçların ekonomik verim değerleri olumsuz etkilenmektedir. Dayanıklılık ıslahı, kaolin, melatonin, anti-transpirant (brasinolid), gövde azaltması, silika, nitrik oksit, besin maddesi uygulaması, mikorizal funguslar ve bitki gelişimini teşvik eden rizobakteriler ile aşılama, toprak işleme uygulamaları ve gölgelik örtü sistemleri farklı yöntemler ve uygulamalar stres faktörlerinin olumsuz etkilerini azalabilmek amacıyla yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmada yumuşak çekirdekli bazı meyve türlerinde kuraklığın etkileri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Hidrojel Bazlı Biyokompozit Adsorbanların Sulu Çözeltilerden Uranyum (VI) Adsorpsiyon Kapasiteleri Üzerine Derleme
Authors: KANMAZ Nergiz
Published: August 2022

Uranyumun nükleer enerji endüstrisinde yakıt olarak kullanımı madenciliğinin de artış göstermesine sebep olmuştur. Bu sebeple sulara karışan uranyum oranında da artış görülmektedir. Öte yandan, nükleer enerjinin en önemli sorunlardan birisi radyoaktif kirlilik oluşturan kullanılmış yakıt atıklarıdır. Radyoaktif uranyum ve bileşikleri insan vücudunda ciddi hasarlara, böbrek yetmezliğine ve ölümlere neden olmaktadır. Canlı sağlığına tehdit oluşturmaması açısından, uranyumun sulardan adsorpsiyon ile giderimi birçok araştırma grubu tarafından aktif çalışılan konular arasında yer almaktadır. Çeşitli sorbentler, farklı potansiyelleri ile adsorpsiyon proseslerinde kendilerine yer bulurken, hidrojel bazlı adsorbanlar şişme özellikleri, arttırılabilir fonksiyonel yapıları ve biyobozunur formları sayesinde öne çıkmaktadır. Hidrojel malzemeler üzerine adsorpsiyon, yapısındaki monomerlerin iyonlaşabilen fonksiyonel gruplarından kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmada, radyoaktif bir kirletici olan uranyumun adsorpsiyon prosesi psedo birinci derece, psedo ikinci derece, Elovich ve partikül içi difüzyon kinetik modelleri ve yaygın kullanılan Langmuir ve Freundlich izoterm modelleri açısından incelenmiş, kitosan ve aljinat bazlı biyokompozit sorbanlarla giderimine yönelik güncel çalışmalar sunulmuştur.
Yoğun Evrişimli Sinir Ağı ile Gökyüzü Görüntülerinden Hava Durumu Tespiti
Authors: ŞENER Abdullah , ERGEN Burhan
Published: August 2022

Hava durumu koşulları değiştirilemez bir yapı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Ancak hava koşullarının tespit edilip belirlenmesi bireylerin fiziksel aktivitelerini planlamasında yardımcı olabilmektedir. Yapılan çalışmada farklı gökyüzü görüntüleri ile hava durumu tespiti işlemlerini son yıllarda bilgisayar alanında popüler çalışma konularından biri olan görüntü sınıflandırma yöntemleriyle gerçekleştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada farklı hava koşullarına ve çözünürlüklere sahip görüntüden oluşan veri seti kullanılmış. Görüntüler üzerinde görüntü işleme teknikleri uygulanarak görüntülerin özellik haritaları çıkarılmıştır. %96.4 doğruluk oranı ile sınıflandırma işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen sınıflandırma sayesinde doğruluk oranı yüksek, kısa zamanlı ve maliyeti düşük hava durumu tespiti gerçekleştirilebilir.