bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Participatory measurements of sustainable urban development and quality of life in post-socialist Zadar, Croatia
Authors: Cavric Branko , Toplek Silvija , Siljeg Ante
Published: October 2010

Over the last two decades, there has been an intensive discourse and research about measuring sustainable urban development. Many cities, regions and countries have decided to introduce indicators for monitoring and measuring the progress towards sustainability. Today there is a wide spread perception that information on the environment in general, and urban environment in particular, is the determinant of effective rational decisions and allocation of resources. Such information would enable planners and decision makers to formulate redistributive policies and programmes to address some of the disparities that exist in a post-socialist city. Cities of the post-socialist world characterized by sharp disparities, socio-economic contrasts and environmental degradation provide an excellent laboratory for tracing information on the quality of urban life. The current situation in the emerging Croatian coastal city of Zadar reflects the diversity of the post-socialist urban change in a very fragile Mediterranean landscape. This paper takes a critical look at sustainable development and its measurements. It describes the participatory approach through which different local communities in Zadar were evaluating quality of life based on basic pillars of sustainable development. The identification and collection of their opinions provide valuable data base and community input into urban governance and development planning decision making.
New model of land consolidation and rural development in Serbia
Authors: Djokic Vladan , Marosan Stevan
Published: October 2010

Land consolidation is a set of spatial-planning, legal, organizational, economic and technical measures undertaken for the purpose of improving natural, economic and ecological living and labour conditions in a land territory. Land consolidation, also, encompasses planning and renewal of rural settlements and accordingly, is a strong driving force for overall development of settlements (rural development) and environmental protection. This paper is primarily based on the observation of conditions and effects of the new model for land consolidation and rural development in Serbia, according to the proposed Land Consolidation Strategy and Pilot Project for Land Consolidation for the municipality of Velika Mostanica. .
Implementation of GIS in selection of locations for regional landfill in the Kolubara region
Authors: Josimovic Bosko , Krunic Nikola
Published: October 2010

The selection of micro-location of the regional landfill represents the most sensitive step in spatial organization of the physical elements of the system for waste management1. The methodological approach in selection of location is necessary due to the sensitivity of the problem and has to be based on multi-criteria evaluation of the space. The implementation of GIS in the process is especially useful for significant advantages recognized by all participants in the process of selection of the best location. This paper presents possibilities, advantages and limits in use of GIS at specific examples, during the selection of micro-location for the regional waste landfill in the region of Kolubara. .
Conditions influencing waterfront development and urban actors capacity as a strategic response
Authors: Radosavljevic Uros
Published: October 2010

This paper is primarily based on the research on existing waterfront development that occurred in last few decades of the XX century in Western Europe with potentials for waterfront development in the changed and transitional context that Serbia and Belgrade is going through: from centrally driven system to market oriented economy with the multi stakeholder arena in the processes of globalization - urban management and development paradigms change. The aim of the paper is to define and underline conditions influencing waterfront development (WFD); to examine who the urban actors are that trigger WFD and what strategies have been created by them for WFD as a response to those conditions. Conclusions will be drawn at the end from the Western European context that might be applicable for developing WFD strategy in Belgrade. .
The system of green surfaces in spas with special reference to the case studies: Vrnjacka, Kanjiza and Pribojska SPA
Authors: Crncevic Tijana , Bakic Olgica
Published: October 2010

Taking into consideration the significance of the vegetation in urban areas the paper analyses current and attached regulations in Serbia relevant for planning and preserving of the system of green surfaces, with special reference to the spas. Referring to the results, it is pointed out the limitations of the current legal framework. Also, the existing planning documents for Vrnjacka, Pribojska and Kanjiza spa are analyzed. Referring to the obtained results, the recommendations are formulized with special reference to the system of green surfaces in spas. They stand for harmonization and improvement of the existing law regulations for the system of green surfaces and also for providing corresponding legal and other mechanisms, where financial support for the plan realization and efficient management is included. .
A review on salt lake city, Kolkata, India: Master planning and realization
Authors: Toskovic Dobrivoje
Published: October 2010

Motivation for construction of Salt Lake City comes from the circumstances characterizing life in Calcutta known by its social, political and cultural activities. Among many problems, the City was faced with poverty and overcrowding. West Bengal Government realized that serious steps have to be taken to resolve the situation. One of the biggest actions of the Government was creation of so called 'NEDECO' Plan for reclamation certain area of the Salted Lakes, followed by the tender for urban planning. The enterprise for water ways Ivan Milutinovic was considered the most convenient for both: reclamation and planning. The Conceptualization covers the Main Aims and interests forming plan basis where three factors were selected: urban character, new vs old town, inhabitants and town growth. Follows Existing Land Use Pattern of the Municipal Area. The realization of the Salt Lake Master Plan, as a part of the Municipal Area, is shown through an Overview of Achieved Infrastructure covering Roads, Water Supply, Sewerage, Area Level Storm Water Drainage, Solid Waste Management and, finally, through the Other Municipal Services, such as: Administrative Infrastructure, Health Infrastructure, Greeneries, Water bodies, Socio-Cultural Infrastructure. .
Potential solar energy use in a residential district in Nis
Authors: Stevanovic Sanja , Pucar Mila , Kosoric Vesna
Published: October 2010

Serbia is a suitable place for solar energy exploitation with more than 2000
sunny hours per year over 80% of its territory. In the paper, the existing
state is analyzed and the possibilities of solar energy use are examined by
employing a combined approach. This relies on the following elements: an
attached conservatory with remote heat storage for space heating in the
period October-April; a canopy covered by flexible organic photovoltaic
modules for electricity production in the period May- September, and a solar
water heating system throughout the year. In addition to an analysis of
energy performance of the proposed design solution, its economic aspect is
also discussed, which suggests that investing in energy efficiency projects
should be encouraged provided the state adopts an appropriate system of
subsidies for the use of renewable energy sources.
A new approach to renewal and presentation of an archaeological site as unique cultural landscape
Authors: Roter-Blagojevic Mirjana , Milosevic Gordana , Radivojevic Ana
Published: October 2010

In recent years, a series of students? projects have been carried out at the
Faculty of Architecture of Belgrade with aims at protection and investigation
of possibilities or presentation of archaeological sites dating from the
Roman period, in which Serbia is very rich, and their active inclusion in
modern way of life and tourist programs. The project for the revitalization
of the Roman military camp Timacum Minus was one of them. It showed that the
students? involvement in resolving complex issues of the presentation and
revitalization of archaeological remains was fruitful because numerous fresh
ideas were obtained in numerous subjects. The focus was on a concept that
significant cultural and historic areas with ancient remains were to be
presented to both the domestic and foreign public in a modern manner and in
interaction with the environment, the natural beauties of the landscape. The
projects enable to promote an interactive relation with the historic area as
a place where visitors, at various activities, meet with history, but also
with a reflection of a modern era.
Degradation of landscape in Serbian ski resorts-aspects of scale and transfer of impacts
Authors: Ristic Ratko , Vasiljevic Nevena , Radic Boris , Radivojevic Sandra
Published: October 2010

The environmental impacts in Serbian ski resorts (Kopaonik, Zlatibor, Stara
planina, Divcibare) are very strong, leading to degradation of unique
mountain landscape, and functionality losses. Processes of urbanization,
construction or improvement works, cause hard degradation of topsoil and
native vegetation. The logging, large excavation activities, erosion, noise
and water pollution constantly impact the habitats of all animal and plant
species residing in small areas. The process leads to severe fragmentation of
the remaining old-growth forests, endangering future subsistence.
Consequences of mismanagement in ski areas are noticeable in downstream
sections of river beds, causing floods and bed-load deposition, with high
concentration of pollutants, in reservoirs for water supply. Legal
nature-protection standards are weakly implemented in regional ski areas.
Effective protection of landscape in Serbian ski-areas is based on careful
considerations of impact assessment at all levels of planning (spatial and
urban planning) and designing activities, which enables application of
restoration concept, in accordance with general goals of environmental
protection (preserving biodiversity, CO2 sequestration, attenuation of
effects of global climate changes).
Railway terminals: Accessibility for persons with reduced mobility
Authors: Popovic Zdenka , Stevanovic Ksenija , Puzavac Leposava
Published: October 2010

In the era of integration of all means of transport, there is revived
interest in railway transport, which cannot any long exist as a transport
system on its own or as an independent part within the growing cities. This
renaissance of railway transport, and its integration with other means of
transportation, led to a great production of exclusive terminals in recent
days. High demands and investments related to these objects gathered together
the most prominent architects and constructors, and as result offered a
diversity of modern terminals, which integrate the static and dynamic
character of the building into a unified whole, and celebrate new
technologies and speed. Removal of barriers for customers, abundance of
daylight, space filled with views, easy orientation and safe passage through
space are some of the most important imperatives for modern railway
terminals. Among other things this includes accessibility of railway
infrastructure for persons with reduced mobility. The paper explores
conditions for implementation of ?Technical Specification for
Interoperability - People with Reduced Mobility? on Serbian Railways.
Strategic planning as a regional development policy mechanism: European context
Authors: Vasilevska Ljiljana , Vasic Milanka
Published: October 2010

The increasing interest in a strategic approach to space arrangement at all
levels, and particularly on the intra and interregional level, as well as the
changes in the area of spatial and regional planning, are some of the basic
characteristics of theoretical and practical activities and efforts
undertaken and realized in the field of organization and arrangement of space
in the European Union during recent decades. Strategic planning gained
importance in the framework of those changes, particularly owing to the
growth of the environmental complex and sustainable growth planning, but also
because of the need for a higher security of markets and states. Strategic
spatial planning can be defined as a quite diverse planning activity. It is
considered that 'new' strategic planning will not represent a return to
comprehensive planning, but will rather be a combination of traditional and
new approaches to planning of sustainable development where an integrative
role will be progressively assumed by spatial and regional plans and
programs. Apart from a review of the development of strategic planning, this
paper considers the importance and role of strategic planning as a mechanism
of regional development and 'new' regional politics, based on the
contemporary development of critical thinking and practical experiences in
the European Union.
Spatial and environmental planning of sustainable regional development in Serbia
Authors: Maksin-Micic Marija , Milijic Sasa , Nenkovic-Riznic Marina
Published: October 2010

The paper analyses the planning framework for sustainable territorial and
regional development. The spatial and environmental planning should play the
key role in coordination and integration of different planning grounds in
achieving the sustainable regional development. The paper discusses the
spatial planning capacity to offer the integral view of the sustainable
territorial development. The brief review of tendencies in new spatial
planning and regional policy has been given. The focus is on the concept of
balanced polycentric development of European Union. The guiding principles of
spatial planning in regard of planning system reform in European countries
have been pointed out. The changes in paradigm of regional policy, and the
tasks of European regional spatial planning have been discussed. In Serbia
problems occur in regard with the lack of coordinating sectoral planning with
spatial and environmental planning. Partly the problem lies in the legal
grounds, namely in non codification of laws and unregulated horizontal and
vertical coordination at all levels of governance. The possibilities for the
implementation of spatial planning principles and concepts of European Union
sustainable territorial and regional development have been analyzed on the
case of three regional spatial plans of eastern and southeastern regions in
Serbia. The disadvantages in implementing the strategic environmental impact
assessment as an instrument for coordination and integration of sectorial
planning with spatial and environmental planning have been analyzed. The
strategic environmental impact assessment has been implemented only in the
spatial planning process. Through spatial planning process its feedback
effect on sectorial planning has been indirectly achieved. The priority
actions in Serbia for achieving the spatial and environmental planning role
in coordination and integration of different planning grounds in sustainable
regional development have been given.
Managing spatial development in zones undergoing major structural changes
Authors: Spasic Nenad , Jokic Vesna , Maricic Tamara
Published: October 2010

Paper considers different aspects of spatial development management in the
zones characterized by significant spatial interventions, whose consequences
are structural changes in usage of space, social and economic development,
environmental and ambient quality. Those are, above all, big mining regions,
zones of big water accumulations and main infrastructure corridors. Paper
deals with normative, institutional and organizational assumptions for
managing spatial development, planning approaches, construction and spatial
arrangement, searching and structuring data basis and development of
information system, system of indicators and monitoring system. Special
attention is given to balance and synchronization of activities during
compilation of study, planning and technical documentation, as well as
procedures of considering and enacting appropriate decisions by competent
authorities on national, regional and local level.
Emergence of problem areas in the urban structure of post-socialist Zagreb
Authors: Slavuj Lana , Cvitanovic Marin , Prelogovic Vedran
Published: October 2010

The period of economic transition has resulted in complex social, functional
and morphological transformations which have left their mark in the urban
structure of Zagreb. At the beginning of 2000' fundamental planning acts have
been passed - Zagreb spatial plan and the City Master Plan - to serve as
concrete strategies and guidelines in developing the city area. However, none
of the regulatory rules and acts have been completely successful in managing
the city development. Significant changes and problems the city is facing in
the post-socialist era serve as a research framework and are discussed in
this paper. The main goal is to register and explain crucial causes of these
spatial transformations. Based on the research of cartographic sources and
conducted fieldwork four representative types of problem areas of the city
are recognized. According to their functional and morphological
characteristics, they are: converted urban land areas, derelict areas, newly
built areas and densified areas. Each of these four types of problem areas is
individually analyzed in the context of possible negative consequences on the
urban environment.
The impact of LED illumination on antioxidant properties of sprouted seeds
Authors: Samuolienė Giedrė , Urbonavičiūtė Akvilė , Brazaitytė Aušra , Šabajevienė Gintarė , Sakalauskaitė Jurga , Duchovskis Pavelas
Published: October 2010

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the light emitting diode (LED) spectra on the antioxidant properties of sprouted wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), and lentil (Lens esculenta Moenh.) seeds. Lighting experiments were performed under controlled conditions (PPFD - 100 μmol m−2 s−1; 12 h photoperiod; 27°C). The LED conditions used were: L1 - 638 nm; L2 - 455 nm, 638 nm, 669 nm, 731 nm (basal components); L3 - basal + 385 nm; L4 - basal + 510 nm and L5 - basal + 595 nm. Wheat and lentil sprouts were shown to accumulate less phenolic compounds and were more sensitive to light spectral differences when compared to radish sprouts. The antioxidant properties and contents of antioxidant compounds in seeds germinated in the dark were significantly lower than LED treated seeds. The higher content of total phenols and significant increase in alpha-tocopherol and vitamin C concentration resulted in altered DPPH free-radical scavenging capacity. Therefore we conclude that the LED spectra, based on basal components supplemented with green (510 nm) light can improve the antioxidant properties of sprouted seeds of lentil and wheat. The highest antioxidant properties of radish seeds were caused by radiation with supplemental amber (595 nm) light.
The prediction of novel multiple lipid-binding regions in protein translocation motor proteins: A possible general feature
Authors: Keller Rob
Published: October 2010

Protein translocation is an important cellular process. SecA is an essential protein component in the Sec system, as it contains the molecular motor that facilitates protein translocation. In this study, a bioinformatics approach was applied in the search for possible lipid-binding helix regions in protein translocation motor proteins. Novel lipid-binding regions in Escherichia coli SecA were identified. Remarkably, multiple lipid-binding sites were also identified in other motor proteins such as BiP, which is involved in ER protein translocation. The prokaryotic signal recognition particle receptor FtsY, though not a motor protein, is in many ways related to SecA, and was therefore included in this study. The results demonstrate a possible general feature for motor proteins involved in protein translocation.
The Cox Proportional Hazards Model in the Analysis of Property Transactions
Authors: Foryś Iwona
Published: October 2010

The Cox Proportional Hazards Model in the Analysis of Property Transactions

The main aim of the paper is to present the methodological basis of housing transactions which uses duration analysis and Cox' proportional hazards model. The study will take into consideration single episodes with one starting point (the purchase of a flat on the resale market) and one final point (selling the flat to another owner). The analysis has covered over 1016 transactions concerning the sale and purchase of cooperative flats in 2000-2009, including repeated transactions. For each of the transactions the date, the initial and final prices as well as the basic parameters of a flat have been given. For each of the transactions the date, the initial and final prices as well as the basic parameters of a flat have been given. The study will verify the hypothesis of the high probability of the existing owner to have further ‘lasting right’ to the flat, i.e. the correlation within × of event (sell flat) and the basic parameters of a flat.
Effect of intravenous lidocaine administration on laminar inflammation in the black walnut extract model of laminitis
Authors: WILLIAMS J. M. , LIN Y. J. , LOFTUS J. P. , FALEIROS R. R. , PERONI J. F. , HUBBELL J. A. E. , RAVIS W. R. , BELKNAP J. K.
Published: October 2010

Reasons for performing study:Laminitis is a serious complication of horses suffering from sepsis/endotoxaemia‐related events. Laminitis in horses and organ injury in human sepsis are both reported to involve inflammatory injury to the laminae/organs including early activation of endothelium and leucocytes leading to emigration of neutrophils into the tissue interstitium. In the black walnut extract (BWE) model, systemic inflammatory events coincide with marked increase in laminar mRNA concentrations of inflammatory genes including proinflammatory cytokines (i.e. IL‐1β, IL‐6), COX‐2, chemokines (i.e. IL‐8) and endothelial adhesion molecules (i.e. ICAM‐1 and E‐selectin). In models of human sepsis, i.v. lidocaine has been reported to decrease leucocyte and endothelial activation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines.

Objectives:To evaluate the effect of i.v. lidocaine therapy on the inflammatory processes documented to occur in the BWE model of laminitis.

Methods:Twelve horses were administered BWE and treated immediately with either lidocaine (1.3 mg/kg bwt bolus, followed by 0.05 mg/kg bwt/min CRI, n = 6) or saline (n = 6) for 10 h. At 10 h post BWE administration, laminar samples were obtained under general anaesthesia for assessment of proinflammatory gene expression (using RT‐qPCR) and leucocyte emigration (via CD13 immunohistochemistry). At 0, 3 and 10 h post BWE administration, skin samples were obtained for assessment of leucocyte emigration (via calprotectin immunohistochemistry).

Results:No significant differences between groups were noted for inflammatory gene mRNA concentrations (IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, COX‐2) or for number of leucocytes present within the laminar interstitium or skin dermis. Increased (P<0.05) laminar E‐selectin mRNA concentrations were present in the LD group (vs. SAL group).

Conclusions:Continuous administration of i.v. lidocaine does not inhibit inflammatory events in either the laminae or skin in the horse administered black walnut extract.

Potential relevance:This work questions the use of continuous i.v. administration of lidocaine as an effective anti‐inflammatory therapy for systemic inflammation.
Nutritional aspects of post exercise skeletal muscle glycogen synthesis in horses: A comparative review
Authors: WALLER A. P. , LINDINGER M. I.
Published: October 2010

Carbohydrate (CHO) stored in the form of skeletal muscle glycogen is the main energy source for glycolytic and oxidative ATP production during vigorous exercise in mammals. In man, horse and dog both short‐term high intensity and prolonged submaximal exercise deplete muscle glycogen. In horses, however, muscle glycogen synthesis is 2–3‐fold slower than in man and rat, even when a diet high in soluble CHO is fed. There appear to be significant differences in CHO and glycogen metabolism between horses and other mammals, and it is becoming increasingly clear that many conclusions drawn from human exercise physiology do not apply to horses. This review aims to provide a comprehensive, comparative summary of the research on muscle glycogen synthesis in horse, man and rodent. Species differences in CHO uptake and utilisation are examined and the issues with feeding high soluble CHO diets to horses are discussed. Alternative feeding strategies, including protein and long and short chain fatty acid supplementation and the importance of rehydration, are explored.
Bacterial culture of septic synovial structures of horses: Does a positive bacterial culture influence prognosis?
Authors: TAYLOR A. H. , MAIR T. S. , SMITH L. J. , PERKINS J. D.
Published: October 2010

Reasons for performing study:The influence of synovial fluid culture on short‐ and long‐term prognosis of cases with septic synovitis requires study.

Hypotheses:Horses with a positive bacterial culture from septic synovial fluid are less likely to survive or return to successful athletic function than those with a negative bacterial culture from septic synovial fluid.

Methods:Records of mature horses presented to 2 equine referral hospitals for investigation of suspected septic synovitis were examined. Horses (n = 206) were included in the study if synovial fluid was submitted for full laboratory examination, including bacterial culture. A diagnosis of septic synovitis was based on a nucleated cell count >30 × 109cells/l or >90% neutrophils and other clinical, cytological and bacteriological parameters. Long‐term follow‐up was obtained by telephone questionnaire. Univariate analysis, using the Fisher's exact test, was used for all outcomes.

Results:Fourteen (20.9%) of 67 horses with a positive bacterial culture from synovial fluid were subjected to euthanasia because of persistent synovial sepsis compared to 2 (1.44%) of 139 with negative bacterial cultures (P<0.001). Overall survival and successful long‐term return to function in horses with a positive bacterial culture was 50% (24/48 horses) compared to 70.5% (74/105) in culture negative horses (P = 0.01). In horses that survived to be discharged, successful long‐term return to function was not significantly different between culture positive and culture negative groups. Growth ofStaphylococcus aureusfrom synovial fluid did not affect short‐term survival to discharge from the hospital compared to other positive bacterial culture; however, successful long‐term return to function was only 30.4% (4/13) in horses from whichS. aureuswas cultured compared to 73.9% (17/23) of horses in which other bacteria were cultured (P = 0.015).

Conclusions and potential clinical relevance:Horses with a positive bacterial culture from a septic synovitis have a poorer prognosis for survival to discharge from hospital and overall long‐term return to function than horses that yielded no bacterial growth. WhenS. aureuswas cultured, the long‐term prognosis was poorer.
Use of multi‐detector computed tomographic angiography in the diagnosis of a parapharyngeal aneurysm in a 6‐week‐old foal
Authors: POWELL S. E.
Published: October 2010

Multidetector‐row computed tomographic contrast angiography (MDCTA) is routinely employed to investigate vascular masses in human patients but, to date, the use of this technique to investigate an aneurysmal mass has not been reported in an equine case. The potential of MDCTA to investigate a right‐sided parapharyngeal mass in a 6‐week‐old Thoroughbred foal was therefore investigated.

A 4‐slice helical computed tomography scanner was used on a superficial, firm, ovoid mass yielding arterial blood on fine needle aspiration. MDCTA enabled identification of the vessels involved thus assisting in forming a diagnosis based on the morphology of the lesion and aided surgical planning. Histology confirmed the presence of mural thrombus and calcification within the smooth muscle wall consistent with a true aneurysm. MDCTA provided additional information to conventional imaging in this case of vascular masses of the head and neck. The technique therefore has the potential to improve diagnosis and assist in the management of such lesions.
Assessment of early cartilage degeneration after slipped capital femoral epiphysis using T2 and T2* mapping
Authors: Miese Falk Roland , Zilkens Christoph , Holstein Arne , Bittersohl Bernd , Kröpil Patric , Mamisch Tallal Charles , Lanzman Rotem Shlomo , Bilk Philip , Blondin Dirk , Jäger Marcus , Krauspe Rüdiger , Fürst Günther
Published: October 2010

Background

T2 and T2* mapping are novel tools to assess cartilage quality.

Purpose

To evaluate hip cartilage quality in the long-term follow-up of patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) with T2 and T2* mapping.

Material and Methods

Thirty-three patients (19 men, 14 women, mean age 24 ± 6.0 years, range 18–51 years) with a history of SCFE in 41 hips and 10 healthy controls (seven men, mean age 22 ± 4 years) were included. Follow-up period was 12 ± 6 (range 4–39 years) years. Coronal T2 and T2* mapping were performed on a 1.5 T scanner. T2 and T2* values of the hip articular cartilage were determined in the medial, central, and lateral portion of the hip within the weight bearing zone. Clinical symptoms including pain were assessed with the Harris hip score. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman rank sum test.

Results

In hips after SCFE T2 (central portion: 25.71 ms ± 4.84 ms vs. 29.71 ms ± 7.04 ms, p <0.05) and T2* (central portion: 20.76 ms ± 3.17 ms vs. 23.06 ms ± 2.68 ms, P < 0.01) of cartilage were significantly lower, compared to controls. The differences were most apparent in the lateral portion of the hip articular cartilage. Abnormal cartilage T2 and T2* were not associated with hip pain or impaired hip function. SCFE was unilateral in 23 cases (70%). In the patients' unaffected hips without SCFE, areas of significantly reduced T2 (central portion: 26.07 ms ± 4.27 ms, P < 0.05) and T2* (lateral portion: 23.23 ms ± 2.45 vs. 25.11 ms ± 3.01 ms, P < 0.05) were noted.

Conclusion

T2 and T2* mapping of the hip in patients after SCFE are significantly different from healthy controls and may offer additional information about cartilage quality.
Effect of the Glycemic Index of Carbohydrates on Acne vulgaris
Authors: Reynolds Rebecca C. , Lee Stephen , Choi James Y. J. , Atkinson Fiona S. , Stockmann Karola S. , Petocz Peter , Brand-Miller Jennie C.
Published: October 2010

Acne vulgaris may be improved by dietary factors that increase insulin sensitivity. We hypothesized that a low-glycemic index diet would improve facial acne severity and insulin sensitivity. Fifty-eight adolescent males (mean age ± standard deviation 16.5 ± 1.0 y and body mass index 23.1 ± 3.5 kg/m2) were alternately allocated to high or low glycemic index diets. Severity of inflammatory lesions on the face, insulin sensitivity (homeostasis modeling assessment of insulin resistance), androgens and insulin-like growth factor-1 and its binding proteins were assessed at baseline and at eight weeks, a period corresponding to the school term. Forty-three subjects (n = 23 low glycemic index and n = 20 high glycemic index) completed the study. Diets differed significantly in glycemic index (mean ± standard error of the mean, low glycemic index 51 ± 1 vs. high glycemic index 61 ± 2, p = 0.0002), but not in macronutrient distribution or fiber content. Facial acne improved on both diets (low glycemic index −26 ± 6%, p = 0.0004 and high glycemic index −16 ± 7%, p = 0.01), but differences between diets did not reach significance. Change in insulin sensitivity was not different between diets (low glycemic index 0.2 ± 0.1 and high glycemic index 0.1 ± 0.1, p = 0.60) and did not correlate with change in acne severity (Pearson correlation r = −0.196, p = 0.244). Longer time frames, greater reductions in glycemic load or/and weight loss may be necessary to detect improvements in acne among adolescent boys.
The Role of Monoclonal Antibodies in the Management of Leukemia
Authors: Al-Ameri Ali , Cherry Mohamad , Al-Kali Aref , Ferrajoli Alessandra
Published: October 2010

This article will review the monoclonal antibodies more commonly used in leukemias. In the last three decades, scientists have made considerable progress understanding the structure and the functions of various surface antigens, such as CD20, CD33. The introduction of rituximab, an anti CD20 monoclonal antibody, had a great impact in the treatment of lymphoproliferative disorders. Gemtuzumab, an anti CD 33 conjugated monoclonal antibody has activity in acute mylegenous leukemia (AML). As this field is undergoing a rapid growth, the years will see an increasing use of monoclonal antibodies in hematological malignancies.
Bioconjugation Strategies for Microtoroidal Optical Resonators
Authors: Hunt Heather K. , Soteropulos Carol , Armani Andrea M.
Published: October 2010

The development of label-free biosensors with high sensitivity and specificity is of significant interest for medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring, where rapid and real-time detection of antigens, bacteria, viruses, etc., is necessary. Optical resonant devices, which have very high sensitivity resulting from their low optical loss, are uniquely suited to sensing applications. However, previous research efforts in this area have focused on the development of the sensor itself. While device sensitivity is an important feature of a sensor, specificity is an equally, if not more, important performance parameter. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a covalent surface functionalization process, which also maintains the device’s sensing capabilities or optical qualities. Here, we demonstrate a facile method to impart specificity to optical microcavities, without adversely impacting their optical performance. In this approach, we selectively functionalize the surface of the silica microtoroids with biotin, using amine-terminated silane coupling agents as linkers. The surface chemistry of these devices is demonstrated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and fluorescent and optical microscopy. The quality factors of the surface functionalized devices are also characterized to determine the impact of the chemistry methods on the device sensitivity. The resulting devices show uniform surface coverage, with no microstructural damage. This work represents one of the first examples of non-physisorption-based bioconjugation of microtoroidal optical resonators.
Design of a Horizontal Penetrometer for Measuring On‑the‑Go Soil Resistance
Authors: Topakci Mehmet , Unal Ilker , Canakci Murad , Celik Huseyin Kursat , Karayel Davut
Published: October 2010

Soil compaction is one of the main negative factors that limits plant growth and crop yield. Therefore, it is important to determine the soil resistance level and map it for the field to find solutions for the negative effects of the compaction. Nowadays, high powered communication technology and computers help us on this issue within the approach of precision agriculture applications. This study is focused on the design of a penetrometer, which can make instantaneous soil resistance measurements in the soil horizontally and data acquisition software based on the GPS (Global Positioning System). The penetrometer was designed using commercial 3D parametric solid modelling design software. The data acquisition software was developed in Microsoft Visual Basic.NET programming language. After the design of the system, manufacturing and assembly of the system was completed and then a field experiment was carried out. According to the data from GPS and penetration resistance values which are collected in Microsoft SQL Server database, a Kriging method by ArcGIS was used and soil resistance was mapped in the field for a soil depth of 40 cm. During operation, no faults, either in mechanical and software parts, were seen. As a result, soil resistance values of 0.2 MPa and 3 MPa were obtained as minimum and maximum values, respectively. In conclusion, the experimental results showed that the designed system works quite well in the field and the horizontal penetrometer is a practical tool for providing on‑line soil resistance measurements. This study contributes to further research for the development of on-line soil resistance measurements and mapping within the precision agriculture applications.
A Reliable Data Delivery Mechanism for Grid Power Quality Using Neural Networks in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Lim Yujin , Kim Hak-Man , Kang Sanggil
Published: October 2010

Power grids deal with the business of generation, transmission, and distribution of electric power. Current systems monitor basic electrical quantities such as voltage and current from major pole transformers using their temperature. We improve the current systems in order to gather and deliver the information of power qualities such as harmonics, voltage sags, and voltage swells. In the system, data delivery is not guaranteed for the case that a node is lost or the network is congested, because the system has in-line and multi-hop architecture. In this paper, we propose a reliable data delivery mechanism by modeling an optimal data delivery function by employing the neural network concept.
Global Mining and the Uneasy Neoliberalization of Sustainable Development
Authors: Himley Matthew
Published: October 2010

As transnational mining firms have sought to position themselves as drivers of sustainable development, a key component of their efforts has been the implementation of social development programs in their areas of operation. This paper situates the expansion of corporate-led development in the mining sector as part of an ongoing reconfiguration of the frameworks and processes through which mineral production is governed, interpreting such initiatives as illustrative of “roll-out” neoliberalization. Based on an analysis of firm-led development at the Pierina gold mine in Andean Peru, I explore how the mining company has been able to advance a version of sustainability broadly compatible with contemporary large-scale mining. Taking on the role of development agent, however, is not an uncomplicated endeavor in that it has left the firm subject to escalating development claims from nearby populations. In this context, I raise the question of whether the mining industry’s adoption of notions of partnership and participation amounts to a strategy for diffusing responsibility when necessary and deflecting the claims of affected communities.
Donor-acceptor substituted phenylethynyltriphenylenes – excited state intramolecular charge transfer, solvatochromic absorption and fluorescence emission
Authors: Nandy Ritesh , Sankararaman Sethuraman
Published: October 2010

Several 2-(phenylethynyl)triphenylene derivatives bearing electron donor and acceptor substituents on the phenyl rings have been synthesized. The absorption and fluorescence emission properties of these molecules have been studied in solvents of different polarity. For a given derivative, solvent polarity had minimal effect on the absorption maxima. However, for a given solvent the absorption maxima red shifted with increasing conjugation of the substituent. The fluorescence emission of these derivatives was very sensitive to solvent polarity. In the presence of strongly electron withdrawing (–CN) and strongly electron donating (–NMe2) substituents large Stokes shifts (up to 130 nm, 7828 cm−1) were observed in DMSO. In the presence of carbonyl substituents (–COMe and –COPh), the largest Stokes shift (140 nm, 8163 cm−1) was observed in ethanol. Linear correlation was observed for the Stokes shifts in a Lippert–Mataga plot. Linear correlation of Stokes shift was also observed with ET(30) scale for protic and aprotic solvents but with different slopes. These results indicate that the fluorescence emission arises from excited state intramolecular charge transfer in these molecules where the triphenylene chromophore acts either as a donor or as an acceptor depending upon the nature of the substituent on the phenyl ring. HOMO–LUMO energy gaps have been estimated from the electrochemical and spectral data for these derivatives. The HOMO and LUMO surfaces were obtained from DFT calculations.
Assumed Probability Density Functions for Shallow and Deep Convection
Authors: Bogenschutz Peter A. , Krueger Steven K. , Khairoutdinov Marat
Published: October 2010

The assumed joint probability density function (PDF) between vertical velocity and conserved temperature and total water scalars has been suggested to be a relatively computationally inexpensive and unified subgrid‐scale (SGS) parameterization for boundary layer clouds and turbulent moments. This paper analyzes the performance of five families of PDFs using large‐eddy simulations of deep convection, shallow convection, and a transition from stratocumulus to trade wind cumulus. Three of the PDF families are based on the double Gaussian form and the remaining two are the single Gaussian and a Double Delta Function (analogous to a mass flux model). The assumed PDF method is tested for grid sizes as small as 0.4 km to as large as 204.8 km. In addition, studies are performed for PDF sensitivity to errors in the input moments and for how well the PDFs diagnose some higher‐order moments. In general, the double Gaussian PDFs more accurately represent SGS cloud structure and turbulence moments in the boundary layer compared to the single Gaussian and Double Delta Function PDFs for the range of grid sizes tested. This is especially true for small SGS cloud fractions. While the most complex PDF, Lewellen‐Yoh, better represents shallow convective cloud properties (cloud fraction and liquid water mixing ratio) compared to the less complex Analytic Double Gaussian 1 PDF, there appears to be no advantage in implementing Lewellen‐Yoh for deep convection. However, the Analytic Double Gaussian 1 PDF better represents the liquid water flux, is less sensitive to errors in the input moments, and diagnoses higher order moments more accurately. Between the Lewellen‐Yoh and Analytic Double Gaussian 1 PDFs, it appears that neither family is distinctly better at representing cloudy layers. However, due to the reduced computational cost and fairly robust results, it appears that the Analytic Double Gaussian 1 PDF could be an ideal family for SGS cloud and turbulence representation in coarse‐grid CRMs, mesoscale models, and GCMs if the required input moments can be predicted or diagnosed accurately.
Poster Presentations
Authors: DeSilets Lynore D.
Published: October 2010

Poster presentations are often part of major conferences. This column offers suggestions for working with presenters and information about facilitating the poster session process in continuing nursing education.
A Model for International Nursing Collaboration
Authors: Halabi Jehad O. , Majali Sawsan , Carlsson Lola , Bergbom Ingegerd
Published: October 2010

This article describes arguments for the development of a model for exchange of experiences among nurses, nurse managers, and nurse educators from two countries based on theories of reflection and practice and Freire’s theory of dialogical action and its characteristics. The collaboration focused on exchange of experiences within nursing practice, leadership and management, and nursing education. The model consists of several activities: careful selection of participants in the exchange program; participants’ observations and studies of caring in nursing practice in the other culture; keeping a diary about one’s own reflections, thoughts, and questions; and participation in reflective dialogue and meetings with colleagues. The model included selection and implementation of a subject and written assignments for planned change in nursing practice within participants’ own clinical nursing setting. After an implementation period of 6 months to 1 year, the outcome of the implemented change was reported in seminars and workshops.
Clinical and Radiologic Outcomes of Contemporary 3 Techniques of TKA
Authors: Yang Jae-Hyuk , Yoon Jung-Ro , Pandher Dilbans S. , Oh Kwang-Jun
Published: October 2010

This report compares the radiologic and early clinical results of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) performed by the same surgeon using 3 techniques. In this prospective study, 75 knees were randomized to conventional technique (25 knees), image-free navigation system (25 knees), or minimally invasive surgery (MIS) (25 knees). Age range of the 43 women (65 knees) and 5 men (10 knees) was 58 to 81 years. Posterior stabilized knee prosthesis was used in all patients. Data was collected according to Knee Society System for radiologic evaluation of x-rays. Knee Society clinical (KS-C) and functional knee scores were measured preoperatively and at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. The postoperative KS-C was not statistically better in the MIS group (mean, 88±11.5; range, 70–100) than the conventional (mean, 85.9±7.8; range, 74–94) (
P
=.68) or navigation group (mean, 85±11; range, 63–100) (P=.59). Mean postoperative delta (mechanical axis) angle was significantly different (
P
=.014): 2.38° in the conventional group (SD=2.88°; 95% CI, 1.19°–3.57°; range, −1.59° to 6.86°), 0.61° in the navigation group (SD=2.07°; 95% CI, −0.24° to 1.46°; range, −2.07° to 4.25°), and 4.25° in the MIS group (SD=6.52°; 95% CI, 1.56°–6.94°; range, −6.72° to 15.60°). Significant difference could be elicited between navigation-assisted and MIS groups, with navigation-assisted surgery providing more accurate alignment of the mechanical axis (
P
=.014). Of the three techniques, navigation-assisted surgery gives superior prosthesis alignment and promising longevity of TKA.
Use of Image-Free Navigation in Determination of Acetabular Cup Orientation: Analysis of Factors Affecting Precision
Authors: Fukui Tomokazu , Fukunishi Shigeo , Nishio Shoji , Shibanuma Nao , Yoshiya Shinichi
Published: October 2010

We have been using an image-free total hip arthroplasty (THA) navigation system (OrthoPilot; Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany) to ensure accurate and reproducible acetabular cup orientation. In this study, the accuracy of this system in the assessment of acetabular cup orientation was evaluated by comparing the intraoperative inclination and anteversion angles presented by the navigation system and the corresponding postoperative values obtained by computed tomography measurement. In the intraoperative accuracy analysis, we additionally examined the influence of factors such as body mass index and soft tissue thickness on assessment error. Intraoperative and postoperative results obtained from 115 consecutive navigated THAs were compared and analyzed. In both inclination and anteversion angles, good agreement was observed; a discrepancy of more than 5° was observed in 1 and 3 cases, respectively. In the analysis of factors potentially affecting the accuracy of the intraoperative assessment, no correlation between each parameter and the intraoperative and postoperative discrepancy was demonstrated.