bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Age, gender, and residence differences in prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity among older Chinese: Evidence from Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey
Authors: Han Siyue , Mo Guangju , Gao Tianjing , Sun Qing , Liu Huaqing , Zhang Min
Published: January 2022

Background With the dramatic acceleration of ageing in China, multimorbidity among the older adults has become increasingly common，which are associated with more functional decline and higher health care utilization and mortality. Understanding demographic differences of patterns of multimorbidity is in favor of making targeted intervention strategies. The purpose of this study was to reveal age- specific, gender- specific, and residence- specific prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity among older adults in China.
Methods The present analysis is based on the 2018 wave of Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey (CLHLS). We selected 13 chronic diseases from the CLHLS survey, and information was collected based on self-report. Multimorbidity was defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases from 13 chronic diseases in the same individual. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to examine multimorbidity according to age, sex, and residence. Patterns and trends of chronic disease pairs and multimorbidity were explored using association rule mining.
Results 9,660 individuals aged 65-117 years in the CLHLS were analyzed in this study. Overall, 74.4% of all participants had one or more morbidities, and 42.4% were multimorbid. The prevalence of individual chronic diseases ranged from 1.5% for cancer to 41.8% for hypertension, and each disease was often accompanied by one or more other chronic diseases. The prevalence of multimorbidity does not always increase with age. The subgroups with the highest prevalence of multimorbidity was 80-89 years old (48.2%), female (45.0%) and urban (47.2%) group. Prevalence of the hypertension- diabetes pattern decreases with age and is higher in women than in men. The prevalence of hypertension- depression pattern was at the highest among the 90-117 years and rural older adults, while the other groups were hypertension-heart disease. Moreover, it was noteworthy that the multimorbidity rate of dyslipidemia is the highest at 95.5% among the 13 chronic diseases.
Conclusions The prevalence of multimorbidity among older Chinese was substantial, and patterns of multimorbidity differed in age, sex, and residence. Future efforts are needed to identify possible prevention strategies and guidelines targeted demographic differences of multimorbid patients to promote health in older adults.
Trends in Surface Elevation and Accretion in a Retrograding Delta in Coastal Mississippi, USA from 2012 – 2016
Authors: Pitchford Jonathan , Cressman Kimberly , Cherry Julia A , Russell Brook T , McIlwain Jay , Archer Michael J , Underwood William V
Published: January 2022

The Grand Bay estuary is in the north-central Gulf of Mexico and lacks riverine sediment input for marsh elevation maintenance. This study quantified trends in surface elevation change and accretion along an elevation gradient within the estuary. Elevation change rates were compared to short (13.71 mm/yr; 95% CI: -2.38 – 29.81), medium (6.97 mm/yr; 95% CI: 3.31 – 10.64), and long-range (3.50 mm/yr; 95% CI: 2.88 – 4.11) water level rise (WLR) rates for the region. Elevation change rates ranged from 0.54 mm/yr (95% CI: -0.63 – 1.72) to 5.45 mm/yr (95% CI: 4.27 – 6.62) and accretion rates ranged from 0.82 mm/yr (95% CI: -0.16 – 1.80) to 3.89 mm/yr (95% CI: 2.90 – 4.89) among marsh zones. Only the elevation change rate at a Juncus roemerianus marsh located high in the tidal frame was lower than long- ( P <0.001) and medium-range WLR rates ( P <0.01). The elevation change rate at a lower elevation J. roemerianus marsh was higher than the long-range WLR rate ( P <0.05). No marsh zones had elevation change rates that were significantly different from short-range WLR. These results suggest that J. roemerianus marshes higher in the tidal frame with limited sediment delivery are the most vulnerable to increases in sea level. Lower elevation marshes had higher rates of elevation change driven by sediment accretion and biogenic inputs. Other local research suggests that shoreline erosion is a threat to marsh persistence but provides elevation capital to interior marshes. Marsh migration is potential solution for marsh persistence in this relatively undeveloped area of the Gulf Coast.
Omicron favors neuropilin1 binding over ACE2: Increased infectivity and available drugs
Authors: Baindara Piyush , Roy Dinata , Mandal Santi M.
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 pandemic is continue with thousands of new cases every day around the world, even then different vaccines have been developed and proven efficacious against SARS-CoV-2. Several know antivirals drugs have been repurposed or tested against SARS-CoV-2 but we still don’t have an effective therapeutic strategy to control this viral infection. Moreover, in the race of finding out an efficient antiviral, excess uses of antiviral drugs developed a selective pressure on the virus that results in the high frequency of mutations and the possible emergence of antiviral drug resistance against SARS-CoV-2. Omicron is a recently emerged, highly mutated variant of SARS-CoV-2, reported for high infectivity. In the present study, we performed molecular docking analysis between available potential antiviral drugs (remdesivir, nirmatrelvir, molnupiravir, EIDD-1931, GS-441524, and favipiravir) and omicron S protein including S protein/ACE2 complex. Our results suggest high infectivity of omicron, however, the known antiviral drugs were found efficacious against omicron variant. Further, to investigate the high infectivity of omicron, we performed a docking experiment between omicron S protein and neuropilin1 (NRP1). Surprisingly, results suggest high affinities with NRP1 than ACE2. Overall, results suggest that omicron favors NRP1 binding over ACE2, the possible reason behind improved infectivity of omicron variant.
A method for increasing electroporation competency of Gram-negative clinical isolates by Polymyxin B nonapeptide
Authors: Qin Jilong , Hong Yaoqin , Pullela Karthik , Morona Renato , Henderson Ian R. , Totsika Makrina
Published: January 2022

The study of clinically relevant bacterial pathogens relies on molecular and genetic approaches. However, the generally low transformation frequency among natural isolates poses technical hurdles to widely applying common methods in molecular biology, including transformation of large constructs, chromosomal genetic manipulation, and dense mutant library construction. Here we demonstrate that culturing clinical isolates in the presence of polymyxin B nonapeptide (PMBN) improves their transformation frequency via electroporation by up to 100-fold in a dose-dependent and reversible manner. The effect was observed for PMBN-binding uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and Salmonella enterica strains but not naturally polymyxin resistant Proteus mirabilis. Using our PMBN electroporation method we show efficient delivery of large plasmid constructs into UPEC, which otherwise failed using a conventional electroporation protocol. Moreover, we show a 5-fold increase in the yield of engineered mutant colonies obtained in S. enterica with the widely used lambda-Red recombineering method, when cells are cultured in the presence of PMBN. Lastly, we demonstrate that PMBN treatment can enhance the delivery of DNA-transposase complexes into UPEC and increase transposon mutant yield by 8-fold when constructing Transposon Insertion Sequencing (TIS) libraries. Therefore, PMBN can be used as a powerful electropermeabilisation adjuvant to aid the delivery of DNA and DNA-protein complexes into clinically important bacteria.
Real-world analysis of age-dependent efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Mattiuzzi Camilla , Henry Brandon M.
Published: January 2022

We analyze here data from the Italian coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination campaign for providing real-world evidence on age-dependent efficacy of vaccination. Vaccine efficacy against infection, COVID-19 related hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU) admission increased according to vaccination status, from people who received primary COVID-19 vaccination >4 months ago (36%, 87% and 93%, respectively), to those who received primary COVID-19 vaccination <4 months ago (60%, 90% and 94%, respectively), and finally to those with booster vaccine dose (60%, 98% and 98%, respectively). Vaccine efficacy (both primary and booster) against SARS-CoV-2 infection increased with ageing, though a similar trend could not be observed for hospitalization or ICU admission. Booster vaccine doses generated adjunctive protection against all endpoints compared to early primary vaccination in older people (i.e., aged >60 years). In conclusion, vaccine-elicited SARS-CoV-2 immunity declines over time, though vaccine boosters are effective for restoring immunity and conferring adjunctive protection.
Could The “Modified 8 D’s of Stroke Care” Improve Sex Disparities in Door-to-Needle Time in Acute Ischemic Stroke?
Authors: Jameie Meilka , Jameie Mana , Farahmand Ghasem , Ilkhani Saba , Magrouni Hana , Ranjbar Zahra , Heydari Sanaz , Shahbazi Mojtaba , Kaeedi Maryam , Amiri Rosita , Alizade Fateme , Balali Pargol , Amanollahi Mobina , Varedi Mahnaz , Pourghaz Bahareh , Ghabaee Mojdeh
Published: January 2022

Background and objectiveDoor-to-needle (DTN) time is an important factor in stroke settings for which studies have reported delays in women, resulting in worse stroke outcomes. We aimed to evaluate whether our modified algorithm could reduce sex disparities, especially in DTN.MethodsThis longitudinal cohort study was conducted between September 1, 2019, and August 31, 2021, at a comprehensive stroke center. Previously we utilized the conventional “D’s of stoke care” for timely management. The “modified 8 D’s of stroke care” was designed by our team in September 2020. Patients were analyzed in two groups: group 1, before, and group 2, after employing the modified algorithm. Sex as the main variable of interest along with other selected covariates were regressed towards the DTN, using univariable and multivariable logistic regressions.ResultsWe enrolled 47 and 56 patients who received intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Although there was a significant difference in DTN≤ 1 hour in group 1 (36% of females vs. 52% of males, p= 0.019), it was not significantly different in group 2 anymore (48% of females vs. 48.4% of males, p= 0.97). Furthermore, regression analysis showed being female was a significant predictor of DTN> 1 hour in group 1 (aOR= 6.65, p= 0.02), while after the modified algorithm gender was not a predictor of delayed DTN anymore.ConclusionAlthough we have a long way to achieve performance measures in developed countries, we seem to have succeeded in reducing gender disparities in DTN using the modified algorithm.
Determinants affecting utilisation of health services and treatment for children under-5 in rural Nepali health centres: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shrestha Binod , Green Dan , Baidya Manish , Chater Tim , Karki Jiban , Lee Andrew , Khadka Seema , Pohl Gerda , Neupane Rudra , Rushton Simon
Published: January 2022

Background: Large inequalities in child health remain in Nepal, with caste, ethnicity and sex being major determinants of deprivation and negative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore whether key demographics on under 5s were associated with health seeking behaviours, utilisation of health care, and treatment received.Methods: Data came from Integrated Management of Neonatal & Childhood Illness (IMNCI) records of 23 health centres across five districts. After digitising the paper records, district, ethnicity, sex, age and temperature of the child were used to predict the number of days taken to seek medical care for Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI), diarrhoea and fever. In addition to this, correct diagnosis and subsequent treatment of pneumonia was assessed against IMNCI guidelines, again using the demographic factors of interest to predict these outcomes.Results: From 116 register books spanning 23 health centres, 33,860 child patient records were considered for analysis. The median age of attendance was 16 months (Inter-Quartile Range= 9, 30), while there were more male children that attended (55.8% vs. 44.2% for females). There were statistically significant differences for the time taken to attend a health centre between different districts for ARI, diarrhoea and fever, with children in the remote Humla and Mugu districts taking significantly longer to present at a health facility after the onset of symptoms (all p<0.012). Children from underprivileged ethnic groups, Madhesi and Dalit, were less likely to be given a correct diagnosis of pneumonia (p=0.001), while males were more likely to receive a correct diagnosis than females (73% vs. 67%, p=0.001). This sex difference remained in the adjusted regression models for diagnosis of pneumonia (p=0.011) but not for treatment of pneumonia (p=0.202).Conclusions: Significant demographic differences were found based on ethnicity, sex, and district when examining health seeking behaviours for ARI, diarrhoea, and fever. Significant associations were seen for these same factors when exploring accuracy of diagnoses of pneumonia, but not for treatment. This study has emphasised the importance of a digitalised healthcare system, where inequalities can be identified without the reliance on anecdotal evidence.
Tomato Value Chain Analysis in Yayo And Hurumu Districts of Ilu Aba Bor Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Beyu Abera
Published: January 2022

Background: Tomato is one of the most important and widely grown vegetable in Ethiopia. This study was aimed at analyzing tomato value chain in Yayu and Hurumu districts of Ilubabor zone. The specific objectives of the study were to identify actors and their roles in the value chain, to estimate marketing margins of each actor and identifying determinants of market participation decision and level of participation of farm households in tomato market.Methodology: The study used both primary and secondary data. Descriptive statistics, value chain analysis and Heckman two-stage selection model were used to analyze the data.Results: The major tomato value chain actors in the study area are input suppliers, producers, collectors, wholesalers, retailers and consumers. Producer received the maximum profit when they sell directly to consumers. The Heckman first stage model result showed that four variables such as family size, production experience, participation in non-farm activity and quantity produced significantly affect the tomato market participation decision. Heckman second stage model indicated that extension contact, quantity produced and perception of lagged price significantly influence the tomato level of market participation.Conclusion: in the study area Tomato is produced mainly as a source of food and income and it is one of the most important and widely grown vegetable. The market participation decision of the farmers is influenced significantly by family size, production experience, participation in non-farm activity and quantity produced. Similarly, extension contact, quantity produced and perception of lagged price were among determinants which affect significantly tomato producer’s level of market participation. Hence, these significant factors need to be intervening so as to enhance the possible gain that could be drawn from tomato value chain in the study area.
High-Risk NAFLD among Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Frequency and Effect on Disease Severity
Authors: Allam Ahmed Samir , Saeed Kadry Mohamed El , Abozeid Hazem Mahmoud , Raafat Khaled Mohamed
Published: January 2022

Background

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal (GI) disease that can change a patient's quality of life and impair their daily activities. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), on the other hand, has become a widespread condition as the global obesity rates rises. The prevalence of NAFLD has reached up to 25% of the adolescent population. The etiology of both diseases is still not clearly understood. The mechanism linking the two seemingly similar diseases could be immune system activation and tissue inflammation; thus, the goal of our study was to see if there was a common link between them and to examine NAFLD prevalence and severity in IBS patients. Our study included 150 patients who have symptoms of IBS with different degrees of severity. IBS was diagnosed according to modified ROME IV criteria. Patients were examined to see if they had NAFLD based on abdominal ultrasonography and NAFLD fibrosis score calculation.
Results

Our current study showed that regarding evaluating the association of IBS with NAFLD, there was a highly statistically significant association between both diseases. Furthermore, there was a high statistical significant association between higher grades of NAFLD and lipid profile parameters.
Conclusion

Patients with IBS had a higher frequency of NAFLD. In addition, a significant association was noted between IBS severity and increased NAFLD grades.
Integrating Laboratory Experiments and Biogeographic Modelling Approaches to Understand Sensitivity to Ocean Warming in Rare and Common Marine Annelids
Authors: N'Siala Gloria Massamba , Reygondeau Gabriel , Simonini Roberto , Cheung William W.L. , Prevedelli Daniela , Calosi Piero
Published: January 2022

Among ectotherms, rare species are expected to have a narrower thermal niche breadth and reduced acclimation capacity and thus be more vulnerable to global warming than their common relatives. To assess these hypotheses, we experimentally quantified the thermal sensitivity of seven common, uncommon, and rare species of temperate marine annelids of the genus Ophryotrocha to assess those species’ vulnerability to ocean warming. We measured the upper and lower limits of physiological thermal tolerance, survival, and reproductive performance of each species along a temperature gradient (18, 24, and 30°C). We then combined this information to produce curves of each species’ fundamental thermal niche by including trait plasticity. Each thermal curve was then expressed as a habitat suitability index (HSI) and projected for the Mediterranean Sea and temperate Atlantic Ocean under a present day (1970-2000), mid- (2050-2059) and late- (2090-2099) 21st Century scenario for two climate change scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5). Rare and uncommon species showed a reduced upper thermal tolerance compared to common species, and the niche breadth and acclimation capacity were comparable among groups. The simulations predicted an overall increase in the HSI for all species and identified potential hotspots of HSI decline for uncommon and rare species along the warm boundaries of their potential distribution, though they failed to project the higher sensitivity of these species into a greater vulnerability to ocean warming. In the discussion, we provide elements and caveats on the implications of our results for conservation efforts.
Phacoemulsification After Trabeculectomy in Uveitis Associated with Vogt-Koyanagi- Harada Disease: Intermediate-Term Visual Outcome, IOP Control and Trabeculectomy Survival
Authors: Almobarak Faisal , Alharbi Ali , Aljadaan Ibrahim , Aldhibi Hassan
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the visual outcome, intraocular pressure control and trabeculectomy survival after phacoemulsification in eyes with prior trabeculectomy in uveitis associated with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH).Design: Retrospective comparative study.Methods: Eyes with uveitic glaucoma associated with VKH who underwent mitomycin C (MMC)-enhanced trabeculectomy were included. Eyes were divided into two groups: the first study group included eyes that later underwent cataract surgery in the form of phacoemulsification, and the second control group included eyes that did not have cataract surgery. The main outcome measures were changes in the visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), the number of antiglaucoma medications, IOP control and trabeculectomy survival. Results: There were no significant differences in the final visual acuity (0.78 (±0.9) and 0.92 (±1.1), p=0.80)) nor IOP (14.21 mmHg (±5.8) and 12.16 mmHg (±6.1), p=0.29), but there was a difference in the antiglaucoma medications (1.58 (±1.5) and 0.53 (±1.0), p=0.02) between the study and control group, respectively. There was no difference in the overall trabeculectomy survival (p=0.381, Log Rank), but more eyes in the study group converted to qualified success after phacoemulsification and required more medications to control the IOP.Conclusion: Phacoemulsification after trabeculectomy seems to be a safe procedure in eyes with combined vision threatening complications of VKH, although the visual improvement was limited. Nevertheless, more medications were required to control the IOP, resulting in less absolute and more qualified trabeculectomy success. Therefore, patient counseling before surgery is essential.
Identification of the First C1 Subgenotype of Enterovirus 71 in Mainland of China in a Retrospective Study
Authors: SI Fenfen , WANG Dongyan , JI Tianjiao , ZHANG Yong , ZHU Shuangli , LI Junhan , XU Wenbo , TAO Zexin , YAN Dongmei
Published: January 2022

The C4 sub-genotype of Enterovirus 71(EV71) is identified as the most dominant sub-genotype circulating in Chinese mainland since 1998, while the circulation situation of EV71 before 1998 is not well established due to insufficient experimental data. The C1 sub-genotype of EV71 has not been reported in Chinese mainland by now. Based on AFP surveillance system of the mainland of China, this study performed a retrospective study of AFP cases for 1985-1999༚A strain of EV-A71 C1 sub-genotype was found. To our knowledge, this strain (SD92-41) is the first C1 sub-genotype reported in Chinese mainland. This study proves that the C1 gene subtype also appeared in Chinese mainland, but it is not clear whether it is an imported or a local epidemic strain. With sufficient information from retrospective studies, the source of the SD92-41 strain will be identified, and the prevalence of EV-A71 in Chinese mainland before 1998 will be clearer.
PDLB: Path Diversity-aware Load Balancing with Adaptive Granularity in Data Center Network
Authors: gao weimin , jiawei huang , zhaoyi Li , shaojun zou , jianxin wang
Published: January 2022

Modern data center topologies often take the form of a multi-rooted tree with rich parallel paths to provide high bandwidth. However, various path diversities caused by traffic dynamics, link failures and heterogeneous switching equipments widely exist in production data center network. Therefore, the multi-path load balancer in data center should be robust to these diversities. Although prior fine-grained schemes such as RPS and Presto make full use of available paths, they are prone to experi-ence packet reordering problem under asymmetric topology. The coarse-grained solutions such as ECMP and LetFlow effectively avoid packet reordering, but easily lead to under-utilization of multiple paths. To cope with these inefficiencies, we propose a load balancing mechanism called PDLB, which adaptively adjusts flowcell granularity according to path diversity. PDLB increases flowcell granularity to alleviate packet reordering under large degrees of topology asymmetry, while reducing flowcell granularity to obtain high link utilization under small degrees of topology asymmetry. PDLB is only deployed on the sender without any modification on switch. We evaluate PDLB through large-scale NS2 simulations. The experimental results show that PDLB reduces the average flow completion time by up to ∼11-53% over the state-of-the-art load balancing schemes.
Annual Health Examination Didn’t Perform a Positive Effect in the Prevention of Hyperlipidemia and Hyperglycemia Through an Eight-Year Study in China
Authors: Zhang Xiaohong , He Xiaokui , Zhou Xuehong , Geng Hongyan , Liu Xiangyi
Published: January 2022

Background: Annual health examination is recommended for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. However, whether it is effective for the prevention of hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia remains unclear. Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical samples using the laboratory information system was performed. From 2012 to 2019, 5043 participants (1755 males and 3288 females) have completed the annual health examination for 8 consecutive years, which was the follow-up group. In the same period, 136,994 participants (the control group) had a health examination only 1 time. Serum levels of fasting triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and glucose (GLU) were measured.Results: Compared with 2019 of the control group, serum TC and GLU in the 8th year of the follow-up group increased markedly in some of age groups (p < 0.001). Serum TG and TC in the 8th year were much higher compared with the 1st year of the follow-up group, especially for the female (p < 0.001). Moreover, the prevalence of hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in the 8th year showed significant increase compared with the 1st year of the follow-up group and 2019 of the control group (all p < 0.05).Conclusions: Annual health examination didn’t perform a positive effect in the prevention of hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. Health management should be paid more attention to prevent cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
Anais do II Simpósio de Anatomia Aplicada - Cirurgia/LAAAP – UFMS - CPTL / 2021
Authors: Silva André Valério da , Pessoa Caroline Pimentel , Nogara Heitor Yuri , Costa Lara Cristina Rodrigues de Oliveira , Oliveira Maria Carolina Rodrigues de
Published: January 2022

O II Simpósio de Anatomia Aplicada - Cirurgia foi realizado nos dias 11 e 12 de novembro de 2021, sendo que nos dias 12 e 13 ocorreram minicursos, online e presencial. o evento foi organizado pelos membros da liga acadêmica de anatomia aplicada (LAAAP) da universidade federal de mato grosso do sul, campus de três lagoas (UFMS/CPTL), com auxílio do coordenador da liga Prof. Dr. André Valério da Silva. O simpósio ocorreu de maneira virtual por meio da transmissão via plataforma de streaming no canal da liga no YouTube. O principal objetivo desse evento foi promover a importância da anatomia, que é considerada uma matéria básica, na cirurgia. Para isso, o simpósio contou com a participação, em dois dias, de profissionais conceituados, que ministraram palestras na temática de sua área de atuação em cirurgia, fazendo a aplicação da anatomia. Junto a isso, houve espaço para a submissão de trabalhos científicos, tanto em forma de resumos, como também em formato de painéis, sendo que os melhores fizeram apresentação oral e os de maior destaque foram premiados com menção honrosa.
O evento foi um sucesso em todos os aspectos. Dessa forma, deixamos aqui nosso agradecimento a todos que colaboraram e participaram!
Comissão Organizadora / II Simpósio de Anatomia Aplicada - Cirurgia/ LAAAP – UFMS - CPTL - 2021
TASAWUF KONTEMPLATIF: PRINSIP-PRINSIP JALAN KESUFIAN AL-MUHASIBI
Authors: Khasani Fahim
Published: January 2022

Al-Muhasibi's fame was unlike any other Sufi figure. he is not as popular as Al-Ghazali, even Imam Al-Junaid Al-Baghdadi. Even though both of them are students, big admirers and many are inspired by the views of Al-Muhasibi. Sufism presented by Al-Muhasibi is not an elite and exclusive science, nor is it far from irrational, eccentric and controversial. The method of Al-Muhasibi’s sufism at that time was unique. he accommodates all the knowledge that has been studied and used to develop the science of Sufism. he did not clash fiqh with tasawuf or muhaddisīn with mutakallimin, he instead integrated the four. starting from the text of the hadith which was studied by muhaddisīn and formulated into sharia law by the fuqaha, it was matured with spiritual and moral aspects by the Sufis and was written in the jadali Iqna'I style and  rational dialogical style by mutakallimin. The spiritual experience (Sufism) in Al-Muhasibi’s way became a very rational conversation, not interesting in syathahāt, hulul and ittihad. The discussion related to Sufism is also not only about zuhud practices, but has been transformed into a theory and will develop into a rational scientific paradigm. Al-Muhasibi succeeded in transforming Sufism from a practical level ('Amaliy) to a theoretical level (Nadzariy) which had solid principles and foundations. he teaches us to be able to self-analyze, find bad characters and treat it, then trained to become spiritual humans by using Muhāsabah (self contemplation), riyadhah and mujahada.
MOTIF DAN KEPUASAN PENDENGAR SIARAN MUTIARA KALBU DI RADIO PRADYA SUARA FM TUBAN
Authors: Irawatiningrum Satya
Published: January 2022

Radio Pradya Suara, which broadcasts on the FM 94.6 Mhz, has one of the programs, namely Mutiara Kalbu which is broadcast from 17.00 to 18.00 every Monday-Friday. This program is intended as a medium of Islamic preaching for its listeners, which has a 55% adult audience segmentation. Preaching through radio media to convey everything about Islam is necessary to be developed in order to reach a wider audience. Because radio is still in demand among the people of Tuban Regency, especially among rural areas. In addition, radio has advantages that other mass media do no have, namely proximity to the audience. The purpose of this research is to find out the motives and satisfaction of listeners of Mutiara Kalbu broadcast program on Radio Pradya Suara FM. While in practice using quantitative methods with regression data analysis techniques. Respondents in this study were 65 listeners of Pradya Suara FM radio and the result is motive greatly influenced listener satisfaction of Mutiara Kalbu broadcast program on Radio Pradya Suara FM.
EFEKTIVITAS ORANG TUA SEBAGAI TENAGA PENDIDIK DALAM UPAYA MEMPERTAHANKAN KELUARGA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Azhari Hulaimi
Published: January 2022

This study aims to know in-depth the effectiveness of children's learning through the direct upbringing of parents in lieu of teachers in schools during the covid-19 pandemic era. Seeing the phenomenon that occurred when the covid-19 outbreak arrived in Indonesia where the pattern of people's lives has changed. It is characterized by the number of people who are lost to their jobs, shrinking the value of labor income, weakening the State economy, and face-to-face lessons that are matched by the pandemic so as to impose the active role of parents in lieu of teacher duties. This means that in addition to being a livelihood seeker for the sustainability of family life, a parent also acts as a teacher. This is the background of this research. This study took place in kelebuh village, Praya Tengah sub-district, Central Lombok regency. Next, this research type of field research (field research) with the method of analysis is inductive. While the approach used is an empirical approach based on the theory of effectiveness. The findings showed the success and effectiveness of parental function in the actualization of work from home. The success of the three parents in Kelebuh village gives an indication that efforts to maintain the existence of the family in the covid-19 period are realized and categorized as successful.
PERAN ULAMA PEREMPUAN DALAM MEMELIHARA BUDAYA ORGANISASI DI PESANTREN
Authors: Sadiyah Halimatus
Published: January 2022

Female Ulama are different from female scholars.  If female ulama are female scholars, then female ulama are ulama (both women and men) who have a gender perspective.  The meaning of women has shifted not only biologically, but also ideologically.  The existence of the pesantren is influenced by the values, perceptions, policies, habits and behavior of the people in it.  Has characteristics that can influence the formation of positive attitudes and morals.  Women clerics, or so-called bu Nyai in Javanese terms, are culture creators who play an important role in the pesantren.  The role of organizational leaders in maintaining organizational culture, with a concentration on the issue of eliminating violence against women, preventing child marriage, extremism and environmental fatwas.  The role of female ulam can be seen when determining boundaries, meaning that they are able to create clear cultural differences between one organization and another.  Second, it plays a role in facilitating and generating organizational commitment above individual interests.  Third, the role of bringing a sense of identity to organizational members.  Fourth, plays a role in the stability of the social system.
PADASAN AND SYMBOLS OF PUBLIC SELF-HEALTH IN JAVANESE-ISLAMIC CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Hidayatullah Ahmad Fauzan
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research is to increase the desire for healthy livingbehavior of the community, especially thorough hand washing, as well asprovide insights to the community to always preserve the healthy livingculture that has existed in the culture of Javanese society and Islam. Thisresearch uses a method through literature studies with literature review. Theresults showed that the padasan has been known since time immemorial.On the site of Ki Buyut Trusmi, the padasan is placed to enter a holierplace. Padasan in Al-Aqsa mosque Kudus have Buddhist architecturestyle. In the new normal era, the government encourages the public to getused to washing their hands with soap. This research concludes the habit ofwashing hands has been done by the previous community but using atraditional tool called padasan.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS MELALUI METODE CARD SORT SISWA KELAS VIIB DI SMP NEGERI 3 KAMPAK
Authors: Arini Trisia
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of student learning effectiveness through the Card Sort method in Social Science (IPS) subjects. Social studies subjects are one of the compulsory subjects for junior high school (SMP) students. Social studies is a subject that must be mastered by students because the material content is very important. However, it is unfortunate that many students do not have a high interest in social studies subjects. Apart from the material that requires a lot of memorization, conventional teacher learning methods also make students even more bored. By using Classroom Action Research (CAR) and through the data validation stage, the results of this study showed the value of learning outcomes and the level of student learning completeness were much higher than using conventional methods.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PEMENUHAN STANDAR PROSES DAN SARANA PRASARANA TERHADAP MUTU PENDIDIKAN PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Nurbawani Aris
Published: January 2022

In the National Education Standards (SNP), there are eight minimum standards to realize quality national education. Two of them are process standards and learning facilities and infrastructure standards. Environmental changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic certainly have an impact on changes in the fulfillment of process standards and standards for learning facilities and infrastructure. Online learning has become a necessity as a learning method in universities during the COVID-19 pandemic. These changes can ultimately have an impact on the quality of education. This study aims to determine the effect of process standards and standards of learning facilities and infrastructure on the quality of education during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data used is primary data obtained from a survey of FATIK IAIN Ponorogo students. The results showed that the standard of the process and the standard of learning facilities and infrastructure had a significant effect either partially or simultaneously. Process standards and standards of learning facilities and infrastructure simultaneously affect the quality of education by 33.6%.
KEPEMIMPINAN PENENTU KEBERHASILAN PENDIDIKAN: PERAN KEPALA INSTITUSI SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Indarti Luluk
Published: January 2022

The study aims to examine more deeply the leadership of the head of the institution in education to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic situation. Educational institution leadership plays an important role in creating an enabling environment for teachers, students and their families to continue to connect and learn during the COVID pandemic, both at school and at home. This research is a qualitative one using a phenomenological approach. Phenomenology is a qualitative research approach that focuses on the similarity of life experiences in certain groups. The results of the study show that the learning model developed by the institution's leadership is an effort to carry out learning that leads to adapting conditions and carrying out education according to needs. The existence of a pandemic is not an easy type of problem and must be handled properly and requires relevant data. The mobilization of resources carried out by institutional leaders in education has proven to be very important to ensure quality education for all people during the Covid-19 recovery period and beyond.
ANALISIS POTENSI, REALISASI DAN KINERJA ORGANISASI PENGELOLA ZAKAT BAZNAS TULUNGAGUNG.
Authors: Aswad Muhammad , Ardi Mulia
Published: January 2022

This study aims to measure the potential, realization and performance of BAZNAS Tulungagung. The problem faced by OPZ has not been able to maximize its role as an institution that receives zakat from the community (muzaki), OPZ BAZNAS is demanded to be professional and build trust so that the public trusts and tithes to it. This study measures the nominal potential and the realization of zakat collected by BAZNAS Tulungagung. With descriptive qualitative methods and based on zakat data and analyzed data from BPS, it is found that Tulungagung Regency is an area with a Muslim population (98%) and economic growth of 5%, per capita income of 23 million rupiah, of course it is potential for collecting zakat funds. In this study, it was found that the zakat realization was Rp. 3.719.296.538, - from a potential of Rp. 153.772.822.140, ​​-. This can be analyzed because, (i) muzaki directly pays zakat to mustahik, (ii) muzaki's low trust in zakat management organizations, (iii) the utilization of zakat funds is not optimal, (iv) low understanding of zakat and (v) low quality of human resources (SDM) as amil zakat, the committees who organize zakat. Meanwhile, the distribution performance of BAZNAS Tulungagung is still dominated by charity patterns and partly empowerment in productive businesses.
TEORI PERTUKARAN SOSIAL TENTANG FENOMENA DAKWAH DI EKS LOKALISASI DADAPAN
Authors: Ulum Muhammad Syahrul , Warda Alfa , Elina Zuris Dwi , Ardiana Ilmi Sephia
Published: January 2022

This study aims to find out how the role of the preacher in bringing changes to the social conditions of the people who used to work in the Dadapan prostitution localization, Kediri City. Da'i plays an important role as a propagator of religion to protect the community. Thus, the relationship between the preacher and his community must be close regardless of the background or social conditions of the community. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method and is equipped with George Homans' social exchange theory, namely as an analytical tool to understand and seek clarity of cases so that researchers know more clearly about the phenomenon of da'wah in the ex-Dadapan localization community. The results of this study conclude that the da'wah process that occurs in Dadapan Village in social exchange theory explains that they are willing to interact when the interaction produces benefits for themselves. Therefore, in the dynamics of increasing religious understanding in the ex-Dadapan localization, it is necessary to have a reward given so that people want to interact in discussing religious studies.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils extracted from Amomum muricarpum Elmer from North Vietnam
Authors: Thin D. B. , Thanh V. Q. , Thinh B. B.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Recent years have seen the development of bacterial resistance to currently available antibiotics, which necessitates a search for new antimicrobial agents. Amomum muricarpum Elmer is a widely used medicinal plant species in the genus Amomum (family Zingiberaceae) that is commonly found in Laos, the Philippines, China, and Vietnam. The present article describes the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils extracted from the leaves and rhizomes of A. muricarpum from North Vietnam. The hydrodistilled essential oil was analyzed using gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, with the broth microdilution method designed to evaluate its antimicrobial efficacy. The absolute yield of essential oils amounted to 0.11% and 0.13% (v/w) for leaves and rhizomes, respectively, on a dry weight basis. It was found that the leaves and rhizomes of A. muricarpum produce oils abounding in monoterpenes. Of the total identified volatile components in the leaf oil (97.18%), three main constituents include α-pinene (40.45%), linalool (12.34%), and β-pinene (10.31%). In the rhizome oil, the main constituents include α-pinene (48.10%), β-pinene (20.32%), and linalool (7.56%) of the total identified volatile components (98.08%). An antimicrobial activity test indicates that essential oils from the leaves and rhizome of A. muricarpum inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 200 µg/ml. In addition, the rhizome essential oil also exhibits antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579, with a MIC value of 200 µg/ml. The results indicate the potential of essential oils extracted from A. muricarpum as a source of antimicrobial agents.
Biopotential of collagen-containing hydrolysates obtained from fish raw materials for protein sports nutrition
Authors: Nekrasova Yu. O. , Mezenova O. Ya. , Moersel J. Th.
Published: January 2022

Low-molecular peptides of collagen origin are of crucial importance for the body metabolism. This work aims to substantiate the use of the hydrolysates of collagen-containing fish raw materials (scale) for protein sports nutrition. Sublimated low-molecular weight peptide water-soluble and dried water-insoluble protein-mineral supplements from the sardine scale were obtained by enzymatic thermal hydrolysis. The biopotential of scale and auxiliary food additives (apple pomace, flaxseed cake, pine nuts) was investigated using standard methods. The protein content and amino acid composition of the peptide supplement and the mineral composition of the protein-mineral supplement were analysed; their high biopotential according to the above criteria was shown. The peptide supplement contains all essential amino acids having a biological value of 59.9%. The protein-mineral supplement contains no tryptophan but a high amount of calcium (22.2 g/100 g) and phosphorus (12.0 g/100 g). The high content of functional food ingredients (protein, pectin, cellulose, polyphenols, minerals, vitamin C) in auxiliary vegetable raw materials was shown. The shape of a sports nutrition product (chocolate glazed protein bar) was substantiated. The basic recipe of a 60 g protein bar having the required protein content, a given structure and high consumer properties was established. Having a protein content of 23.5%, the bar provides a 24.1% calorific value, which corresponds to the "protein-rich food" for sports nutrition according to GOST 34006-2016. The biological protein value in the bar increased relative to the peptide supplement by 12% and amounted to 71.38%. The developed protein sports nutrition bar is dietary balanced by the content of amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, valine, methionine and cystine, phenylalanine and tyrosine, tryptophan, lysine, threonine, alanine, arginine, histidine, glycine, carnosine, taurine, ornithine, citrulline), fibre, polyphenols, calcium and phosphorus and is recommended for athletes and people having an active lifestyle.
Agglutination processes of activated sludge cultures induced by extracellular lectins
Authors: Kobelev A. V. , Klement'ev S. V. , Sirotkin A. S.
Published: January 2022

We examine the agglutinating ability of five compounds, namely, A1, A2, A3, A4 and BS1, isolated from activated sludge on selective media typical of a number of dominant microbial cultures that contribute to the formation of microbial aggregates. The morphological properties of the isolates and their lectin activity, as well as the physiological and biochemical properties of individual isolates were studied; microorganisms in their composition were identified. We assessed the capacity of the isolates under study to synthesize an exopolysaccharide matrix, as well as the sedimentation of activated sludge under the action of the native solution and culture liquid of the BS1 isolate. Based on their capacity to agglutinate, the BS1 and A2 isolates were selected for further research as producers of extracellular lectins and objects of agglutination, respectively. The biophysiochemical properties and molecular-genetic identification of the BS1 isolate allowed the degree of identity with r. Bacillus to be defined (96.19%); for the A2 isolate, 92.93% identity with p. Shigella and p. Escherichia was determined. To assess the capacity to synthesize a biofilm matrix, the BS1 and A2 isolates were cultivated on an agar nutrient solution using Congo Red dye. According to the obtained results, the isolates are capable of synthesizing an exopolysaccharide matrix, the main component of bacterial biofilms. The research results on the sedimentation of activated sludge induced by the native solution and culture liquid of BS1 showed the following. The sedimentation rate of activated sludge increased significantly at the beginning of the process upon adding a BS1 cell suspension, while the introduction of the native solution of BS1 intensified the process following 5 minutes of contact. The obtained experimental data suggest that the media containing extracellular bacterial lectins can be effectively used as a coagulant (flocculant) for the sedimentation of activated sludge.