bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HumanOS: an open source nomadic software database for physical anthropology and archaeology
Authors: Colleter Rozenn , Romain Jean-Baptiste , Barreau Jean-Baptiste
Published: July 2020

With the democratization of computers, tablets and smartphones, the data acquisition and exploration on archaeological sites are changing significantly. The digitization of information allows a faster, more eﬃcient and more standardized data recording that facilitates the synthesis work required by the discipline. Numerous database programmes are being developed in archaeology and physical anthropology, notably with targeted tools developed to meet specific needs. However, to the authors’ knowledge, no efficient, free and open-source program for the recording of human bones in an archaeological context exists yet. In this paper, a mobile application for the intuitive recording of human bones from archaeological sites is described; this app, defined for the field and biological anthropologists, allows making an inventory of the burials from site to the laboratory from archaeological digs in an intuitive style. In addition to the recording of the skeleton, the application permits the recording of the discovery context. The application also gives significant freedom to the user, who can easily create research fields to their own research objectives. Finally, it permits exporting the information, either as text (automatic report) and/or as tables for statistical use. It is a modular, ergonomic and portable tool which meets researchers' requirements without needing an internet connection; it stores the recorded information in several formats (CSV, SVG, HTML and/or JSON), in a sustainable computer language, permitting complementary modules development. The system is implemented in the form of a free and open-source web application, programmed in JavaScript (available from http://www.humanos.cnrs.fr/) and supplied in the form of a simple ZIP file to decompress. The application does not require any special installation, as it opens by clicking on the executable "HumanOS.html" with any web browser, even without an Internet connection.

Highlights:

We have developed a mobile application which allows "field anthropologists" to record burials inventories from archaeological excavations on site and in the laboratory, in an intuitive way.

In addition to recording the skeleton, the application makes it possible to note the context of the discovery and to create fields of investigation according to its own research objectives.

It allows data export in the form of text (automatic report) and/or tables for statistical uses.
Black Carbon Seasonal and Diurnal Variation in surface
snow in Svalbard and its
Connections to Atmospheric Variables
Authors: Bertò Michele , Cappelletti David , Barbaro Elena , Varin Cristiano , Gallet Jean-Charles , Markowicz Krzysztof , Rozwadowska Anna , Mazzola Mauro , Crocchianti Stefano , Poto Luisa , Laj Paolo , Barbante Carlo , Spolaor Andrea
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Black Carbon (BC) is a major forcing agent in the Arctic but substantial uncertainty remains to quantify its climate effects due to the complexity of mechanisms involved. In this study, we provide unique information on processes driving the variability of BC mass concentration in surface snow in the Arctic. Two different snow-sampling strategies were adopted during spring 2014 and 2015, focusing on the refractory BC (rBC) mass Ny-Ålesund concentration daily/hourly variability on a seasonal/daily time scale (referred to as 80-days and 3-days experiments). Despite the low rBC mass concentrations (never exceeding 22 ng g−1), a daily variability of up to 4.5 ng g−1 was observed. Atmospheric, meteorological and snow-related physico-chemical parameters were considered in multiple statistical models to understand the factors behind the observed variation of rBC mass concentrations. Results indicate that the main drivers of the variation of rBC are the precipitations events, snow metamorphism (melting-refreezing cycles, surface hoar formation and sublimation) and the activation of local sources (wind resuspension) during the snow melting periods. The rBC in the snow seems de-coupled with the atmospheric BC load. Our results highlighted a common association of snow rBC with coarse mode particles number concentration and with snow precipitation events.
Teaching Old Dogs "New" Grammar Tricks with Content-based Instruction: A Course Evaluation
Authors: Walker Deron
Published: July 2020

What do we do when we discover that a uniform body of research speaks with virtually one voice, boldly declaring that practically everything we have traditionally experienced in school and have ever been taught about teaching grammar has been consistently found to be largely ineffective? A California school teacher, continuing her professional development and studying a graduate level English course using “contextual approaches to grammar,” might feel anxious, skeptical, or perhaps even relieved for the opportunity to be able to stop “teaching the book” in favor of exploring “new” methods and approaches, content-based instruction (CBI). This paper reports on a naturalistic inquiry in which a graduate level course instructor introduced this “new” approach and its “new” methods to his class of graduate student / teachers and encouraged them to make their own innovations to grammar instruction. As a result, both the numerical ratings and comments on course evaluations as well as the work submitted during the semester, indicated strongly that the beginning teachers and pre-service teachers taking this course learned a lot about teaching grammar more contextually, in a content-based manner. Thus, they were increasingly willing to try out those ideas when engaged in literary or writing instruction by the end of the course.
Delitos contra la ordenación del tráfico vial en Chile
Authors: Bascur Retamal Gonzalo Javier
Published: July 2020

El trabajo realiza un análisis de parte especial sobre los diversos tipos delictivos previstos en la Ley 18.290, considerando los aspectos que se estiman más relevantes para su aplicación.
How green is your smartphone?
Authors: González Javier
Published: July 2020

Los teléfonos inteligentes o smartphones son parte del día a día de gran cantidad de la población mundial, alcanzando cifras de penetración de más del 95 por ciento de usuarios en países como Estados Unidos. La industria digital presenta esta tecnología como garante del desarrollo social y la plenitud, mientras que las consecuencias medioambientales y sociales de su arrollador éxito quedan fuera del debate público y académico. Richard Maxwell y Toby Miller reflexionan, desde el marco de las Ciencias de la Comunicación, sobre el impacto material y social de esta tecnología con la convicción de que pequeños cambios en nuestra vida digital pueden contribuir a la construcción de un marco de comunicación sostenible.
La esencialidad del principio de responsabilidades comunes pero diferenciadas en el régimen internacional del cambio climático
Authors: Cisterna Gaete Pedro Ignacio
Published: July 2020

Este artículo revisa la esencialidad del principio de responsabilidades comunes pero diferenciadas en el desarrollo del régimen internacional del cambio climático. El análisis repasa la evolución que el principio ha tenido desde su incorporación en la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas para el Cambio Climático y la relevancia de su rol en el progreso actual del régimen climático. Primero, se desarrolla un análisis general del principio, con foco en su origen. Segundo, se revisa la legitimidad del principio de responsabilidades comunes pero diferenciadas dentro del régimen climático. A continuación, el análisis brinda ciertas respuestas a las críticas que ha recibido este principio. Finalmente, se elaboran comentarios y proyecciones sobre el estado actual y futura relevancia del principio de responsabilidades comunes pero diferenciadas en el progreso del régimen climático.
Oposición al acuerdo conciliatorio por la Dirección del Trabajo en la denuncia por práctica antisindical
Authors: Lizazo Gubinski Florencia
Published: July 2020

En la actualidad, cuando la Inspección del Trabajo comparece en juicio por prácticas antisindicales, lo hace como parte y nunca como tercero. Sin embargo en la práctica, y a pesar de ser parte en el proceso, no forma parte del acuerdo conciliatorio. Esto significa que no puede hacer valer su derecho a impugnación, por tanto tampoco se puede saber cuáles serían las posibles consecuencias de la oposición a un acuerdo conciliatorio por parte de la Dirección del Trabajo, cuando actuando en el marco del artículo 486 del Código del Trabajo, su posición es en calidad de parte como tercero litisconsorcial. A ello debe sumarse que la Inspección del Trabajo no posee facultades para disponer, por tanto debiera pensarse cuál debiera ser su actuación, facultades y limitaciones frente a un acuerdo conciliatorio, si entiende que la conducta lesiva por la cual se intenta un convenio se mantiene indemne.
El valor del informe pericial caligráfico emitido por un laboratorio acreditado
Authors: Llamas Guerra Antonio Jesús
Published: July 2020

La mejora constante en el desarrollo y funcionamiento de los laboratorios es una máxima que deben tener todos presentes. En este sentido, al menos en la última década, los laboratorios forenses van implementando en su sistema de gestión las innovaciones que incorpora cualquier otro tipo de empresas u organizaciones como serían los aspectos relativos al personal, a través de normas sobre seguridad e higiene en el trabajo, cuestiones medioambientales dada la preocupación creciente en la sociedad sobre el deterioro medioambiental que se está acrecentando de forma alarmante y que se manifiesta de diversa constante dentro de lo que conocemos como “cambio climático”, y por último, la implementación de un sistema de gestión de la calidad, con el fin de exteriorizar un imagen altamente positiva y obtener de esta forma ventajas competitivas sobre otro tipo de empresas que operan en el mismo ramo o sector. Este último aspecto resulta especialmente significativo para los ensayos que, sobre distintas ramas científicas, son realizados por los laboratorios forenses, ya que contribuye a fortalecer todo el proceso secuencial analítico seguido y consecuentemente las conclusiones alcanzadas en los análisis realizados.
Gestión estratégica, Políticas y Calidad educativa en el Contexto Universitario
Authors: Olano del Castillo Reyna , Rios Olano Deris Natalia
Published: July 2020

La misión de la educación universitaria es cumplir con la calidad de ella a través del cumplimiento de procesos administrativos actuales que busca consolidar instituciones competentes y flexibles que se adapten a los constantes cambios. Es por ello que el entorno universitario requiere de un personal altamente competitivo que se traduzca en seres más productivos que cristalizan el logro de metas propuestas. Esta investigación tuvo el propósito de describir la relación existente entre Gestión estratégica, Políticas de desarrollo y Calidad educativa en el Contexto Universitario cuya metodología fue cuantitativa, descriptiva, diseño no experimental trasversal, concluyendo que las universidades estudiadas se han enfrentado a procesos gerenciales que les ha permitido alcanzar una calidad educativa satisfactoria, debido a la vinculación de la gestión estratégica con las políticas de desarrollo que dichas universidades brindan, realizando seguimiento en la aplicación de modelos, el marco legal, rasgos históricos, la equidad e interculturalidad, el acceso, egreso y satisfacción estudiantil. Aun cuando se han logrado ciertos avances, su desarrollo es limitado, encontrándose en situación de rezago.
Gasto público y familiar en educación en Perú: comparativa con Sudamérica
Authors: Marín-Velásquez Tomás Darío , Acosta-Roa Erika Raquel , Arriojas-Tocuyo Dany Day Josefina
Published: July 2020

En la investigación se analiza el gasto público y de los hogares en educación en Perú entre los años 2000 y 2015, así como la comparación entre el país y el resto de los países de América del Sur. El enfoque fue no experimenta, descriptivo y comparativo, utilizando como muestra los datos reportados por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI) y el Banco Mundial (BM). Se realizó un análisis estadístico de comparación no paramétrica de Mann-Whitney y Kolmogorov-Smirnov, con significancia de 5%. Se concluyó que el mayor gasto público se ubica en el sector privado, sin embargo el gasto en el sector público ha crecido más. El gasto por hogar presenta diferencias entre los sectores estadal y no estadal, aunque por regiones se observó que el gasto estadal no es significativo. El Perú presenta gasto público en educación equivalente al de Argentina, Brasil y Colombia, menor al de Bolivia y Paraguay y mayor al de Ecuador y Uruguay. De acuerdo a lo observado y al criterio de diversos autores, el gasto público en educación no garantiza la calidad de la misma.
Fiscal And Monetary Policy: Problems Of Coordination (Theory And Experience Of Russia)
Authors: Sukharev Alexander , Smirnova Olga , Orlova Nelly
Published: July 2020

The issues of interaction between monetary and financial authorities in the framework of effective policy aimed at achieving stabilization and development of the economy are considered. Coordination of actions of monetary and financial authorities is considered in the context of anti-cyclical and non-cyclical economic policy. Special attention is paid to coordinating actions in this area between the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation
Oil Revenues and Macroeconomic Instability in Oil-Exporting Countries: A GMM Approach
Authors: Hassan Kheiravar Mohammad , Danesh Jafari Davood , Nazeman Hamid , Bahrami Javid
Published: July 2020

In most of oil exporting countries, oil revenue is considered as one of the main drivers of the economy. These revenues, as the important source of currency, at least, enables the country import various capital goods, intermediaries and consumables and usually covers part of the government's current and development expenditures. However, oil revenues are volatile and uncertain due to the changing nature of the global oil price. This indicate that a significant part of the economy in these countries is exposed to potential instability which is supposed as an anti-growth factor. The present study seeks to examine the effect of oil revenues on inflation and real exchange rate as dominant proxies of macroeconomic stability along with economic growth in oil exporting countries using the GMM method during the 1980 to 2015 period. The results show that oil revenues have different effects on these indicators in selected countries.
Fundamental Analysis of Insurance Industry Operations and GDP Increase in Nigeria
Authors: Agbada Andrew O. , Osuji Casmir C.
Published: July 2020

This study evaluated Insurance Industry Operations (IIO) and GDP Increase in Nigeria. Insurance company core functions, namely: ‘Offering of financial protection to Consumers ‘Investment of Funds from Premium charged’ and ‘Provision of Foreign Insurance Services’ served as proxies for IIO. Survey design was adopted for the collection of data which were analyzed using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient (r). The findings showed that the models for hypotheses one and two passed the test of significance but hypothesis three failed it. Thus we concluded that the variables ‘Offering of financial protection to Consumers’ and ‘Investment of funds from Premium’ can be considered relevant to policies formulated to affect GDP Increase in Nigeria but the variable ‘Provision of Foreign Insurance Services’ cannot. We therefore recommend that Managers of Insurance companies should seek to employ innovative strategies in service delivery and sustained efforts should be made by stakeholders to export insurance products across borders to other countries.
Board of Directors and Financial Reporting Quality in Vietnam Listed Companies
Authors: Phuong Nguyen Thi Thanh , Hung Dang Ngoc
Published: July 2020

This article studies the impact of the Board of Directors (BOD) on financial reporting quality (FRQ) in Vietnam listed companies. The research uses FEM, REM and GLS regression models, data collected at energy enterprises listed on the stock market in Vietnam from 2010 - 2018, with 2162 observations. The research results have found that the BOD size, BOD independence, BOD chairperson cum CEO has a positive impact on FRQ while BOD meeting frequency has a negative impact on FRQ. In addition, the audit quality, the ratio of liabilities has a positive impact on FRQ while company size has a negative impact on FRQ. Further, the percentage of female BOD members does not have an impact on FRQ. Empirical research results serve as a useful basis for enterprises to improve FRQ by considering of factors of the board of director in a more effective manner.
Impacts of Earnings Quality and Debt Maturity on Investment Efficiency: Study Case in Vietnam
Authors: Hung Dang Ngoc , Van Vu Thi Thuy , Phuong Nguyen Thi Thanh
Published: July 2020

The paper analyzed the impact of earnings quality (EQ), debt maturity, investment efficiency (IE) of listed companies on Vietnam stock market thanks to the regression methods of FEM, REM and GLS and data of enterprises in the period of 2010 - 2018. The research findings have shown that EQ and debt maturity have a positive impact on EI, in which EQ has a stronger influence than debt maturity. A review of both EQ and the debt maturity for overinvestment or underinvestment indicated a positive impact and the stronger impact on overinvestment. Based on the research findings, the authors have put forth several recommendations for investors, businesses and policy makers.
Audit Committee’s Role in Moderating the Effect of Financial Distress Towards Going Concern Audit Opinion
Authors: Widiatami Anna Kania , Tanzil Nanny Dewi , Irawadi Cahya , Nurkhin Ahmad
Published: July 2020

Auditors are required to provide services in auditing financial statements presented by management and provide audit opinions on the fairness of the presentation of financial statements. Sometimes, in reality, management and auditors have their interests so that each party can achieve the goals. The conflict of interest appears on the independence of the auditor in issuing audit opinions, especially the audit opinion with the going concern explanatory paragraph. The audit committee, as a supervisory board, will continue to maintain the independence of the auditor in issuing audit opinions with the going concern explanatory paragraph. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the audit committee in maintaining the independence of external auditors issuing audit opinions, especially the audit opinion with the going concern explanatory paragraph. Based on the purposive sampling method obtained a sample of 168 companies. Testing the hypothesis in this study using logistic regression and moderated regression analysis. The results showed that financial distress had a significant negative effect for the audit opinion with going concern explanatory paragraph. Furthermore, the audit committee was not able to strenghten the relationship of financial distress on the audit opinion with a going-concern explanatory paragraph.
Audit Committee Chair Attributes and Audit Report Lag in an Emerging Market
Authors: Al-Qublani Ayad Ahmed Mohammed , Kamardin Hasnah , Shafie Rohami
Published: July 2020

This study is motivated by the new listing requirement of Bursa Malaysia (formerly known as Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange, KLSE) concerning the shorter timeframe of annual report release. Similarly, the call for future research on the efficacy of audit committee chair (ACC) attributes with audit report lag (ARL) has further driven this study. Therefore, this paper aimed to analyse the relationship between the ACC expertise and ACC tenure with the ARL of companies in the Main Market of Bursa Malaysia in 2015 using a sample of 139 companies. Furthermore, other audit committee (AC) attributes such as AC overlap and AC independence were also examined. Results of the study revealed an average of 95 days is required by the companies to conclude their respective audit reports. ACC with accounting expertise enhanced the ARL, whereas AC overlap and AC independence did not reduce the ARL. Concurrently, other control variables like AC size, frequency of AC meetings, firm size, leverage, and profitability depicted significant relationship with the ARL. Hence, this research is relevant to the current ARL literature via the provision of evidence and justification regarding the important role of ACC with accounting expertise towards the AC effectiveness, thus enhancing the timelines of financial reporting.
Binarism, Identity (Crisis) and Power Structures in Postcolonial Anglophone Fiction: Analyzing Discursive Strategies in The God of Small Things
Authors: Tahreem Sundas , Ullah Inayat , Khan Tariq
Published: July 2020

Binary relationship among people of a particular society creates a power correlation that becomes a common social practice of that society with the passage of time. Social structure is based on power structure of any society that defines social identities on the basis of collective social ideology. The present study is based on Fairclough’s approach to Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) that takes discourse as social practice. In this study, an effort has been made to show how social practices create power imbalance in the society. The objectives include study of binary relationships that establish power relationships, role of power structures to define social identities, role of ideology to maintain power and hegemony in social structures and to bring into the limelight the resistance of oppressed class against power structures. The study is delimited to the novel, The God of Small Things by Arundhati Roy, and Postcolonial binarism is applied for analysis of the text. Binary relationships of the society have been exclusively studied through Fairclough’s approach to CDA. The analysis shows that social identities are ideologically driven on the basis of power relationships and it is due to ideological construction that certain group of people sets up hegemony and dominated group gives its consent to dominant group. Firstly, discourse forms knowledge which defines social relationship. Secondly, ideology is constructed due to power relationships. Lastly, social roles construct social identities on the basis of ideology. Roy also has created some economically weak and socially marginalized characters in her novel which try to go against established social practices to bring disorder in the hierarchy of social structure. The study has research implications for the fields of Language and Literature as the evaluation deals with the exploration of a literary text through the lens of the theories of language and literature. Researchers can also further the scope of the present study by conducting an exclusive and comprehensive study of the selected novel on marginalization of women in the given society.
A Research on the Relationship Between Academic Self-Efficacy of Prospective Physical Education and Sports Teachers and Their Attitudes Towards the Turkish Education History Course
Authors: AKINCI Abdullah Yavuz
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to research the relationship between academic self-efficacy of prospective physical education and sports teachers and their attitudes towards the Turkish Education History course.

The study population consisted of 880 prospective teachers who study at the department of physical education and sports at Ege, 9 Eylül, Süleyman Demirel, Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Yozgat Bozok and Erciyes Universities and took the Turkish Education History course and the sample group consisted of 182 individuals who were selected randomly from such population.

In the collection of data, the Personal Information Form developed by the researcher, the academic self-efficacy scale developed by Jerusalem and Schwarzer (1981) and adapted to Turkish by Yılmaz et al. (2007), and the attitude scale for the Turkish Education History course developed by Kamer and Şimşek (2016) were used.

The data obtained in the study were analyzed in computer environment. Number, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used as descriptive statistical methods to evaluate the data. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was applied to continuous variables of the study.

As a result, a positive relationship was found between the academic self-efficacy of prospective physical education teachers and their attitudes towards the Turkish Education History course. It is believed that this is due to the perspectives indicating that transferring this to academic development of prospective teachers who are in a phase of transition to professional life, and to development of new generations in their professional careers is important.
Solubility prediction in the bRo5 chemical space: where are we right now?
Authors: Ermondi Giuseppe , Poongavanam Vasanthanathan , Vallaro Maura , Kihlberg Jan , Caron Giulia
Published: July 2020

Modelling the solubility of compounds in the “beyond Rule of 5” (bRo5) chemical space is in its infancy and to date only a few studies have been reported in the literature. Based on our own results, and those already published, we conclude that consideration of conformational flexibility and chameleon like behavior is important, but quantitative models that account for these properties remain to be developed. Inclusion of 3D information appears to be somewhat less important than for cell permeability and extremely challenging due to the difficulties of accurate conformational sampling in the bRo5 space. Currently, methods for modelling of solubility will have to be tailored to the set of investigated compounds.
Risk of hearing loss in farmers resulting from
work in noise in agriculture
Authors: Olszewski Piotr , Lachowska Magdalena
Published: July 2020

This paper presents risk factors of noise-induced hearing loss and harmful effects of noisy work environment on farmers. Longterm exposure to high-volume sounds leads to degenerative changes of ear structures. The paper presents the consequences of exceeding legal limits on noise exposure in agriculture. The risk of occupational noise exposure and its consequences, such as high frequency hearing loss, is significant in the group of farmers, regardless of whether they work in crop, livestock or mixed production.
Assessment of the effect of inflammatory
changes and allergic reaction on TAS2R38
receptor expression in patients with chronic
sinusitis (CRS)
Authors: Piskadło-Zborowska Karolina , Stachowiak Małgorzata , Sarnowska Elżbieta , Jowik Rafał , Dżaman Karolina
Published: July 2020

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the most common health complaints affecting 15% of the world’s population. Recent reports confirm the participation of sensory organs in the defense process against pathogenic microorganisms. The bitter taste receptor TAS2R38 is described to play a role in the upper airway defense system.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the function of the bitter taste receptor in correlation with the severity of CRS, sensory organ disorders and allergic reaction.
Material and method: The study contained 100 patients undergoing nasal surgery, divided into two groups: CRS with and without nasal polyps. The control group consisted of patients undergoing septoplasty after excluding rhinosinusitis. Sinus mucosa samples obtained during surgery were used to assess TAS2R38 expression using immunohistochemistry. The IgE level was indicated from blood samples collected from patients. The Sniffin’ Sticks Test was performed.
Results: CRS patients had higher expression of TAS2R38 receptor compared to controls (p = 0.0175). A statistically significantly higher TAS2R38 H-score in nasal mucosa was found among patients with a higher inflammation process in CT scan (p = 0.001), higher IgE level (p = 0,04) and an abnormal result of the Sniffin’ Sticks Test.
Conclusions: Patients with CRS had significant TAS2R38 receptor overexpression correlating with the severity of inflammatory changes in CT scans, abnormal perception of smells and higher IgE level. A cumulative impact was found between the inflammatory changes, smell disfunction and the severity of subjective symptoms of CRS (according to EPOS) and the intensity of cell staining (index H-score).
Perioperative strategies in patients who refuse blood
Authors: Wujtewicz Magdalena
Published: July 2020

Treatment with blood and it’s substitutes is a common practice in surgical patients, who bleed perioperatively; also non-surgical patients with chronic disease receive blood/blood components. However, some patients refuse blood because of personal or religious, like Jehovah’s Witnesses, beliefs. Those patients may accept different artificial blood components substitutes as well as some surgical techniques, that decrease the risk of bleeding or the volume of blood lost. It is extremely important to inform the patients about the risk of losing blood without its replacement and to get an informed consent and to document which treatments and/or procedures the patient consents to and which they do not. Such patients must be correctly prepared for the operation with hematologic optimization. All the drugs that influence on hemostasis must be stopped preoperatively. There have been several interventions/methods of decreasing the need for transfusion developed. All surgeons and anaesthesiologists must be familiar with indications and appropriate use of blood and blood components and their alternatives, but close liaison with haematology specialists and their local blood sciences laboratory is encouraged. There are, based on the latest guidelines, many options of preoperative preparations and perioperative treatment, very important for surgical and anaesthesiology team, described in the manuscript.
Hearing damage caused by noise in classical musicians
Authors: Zbysińska Marta , Lachowska Magdalena
Published: July 2020

In this paper we discuss the issue of hearing damage caused by noise in classical musicians. Long-term exposure to high intensity sounds leads to degenerative changes at the level of the cochlea and then in the higher parts of the auditory canal. This is particularly unfavorable for musicians, because an efficient hearing organ is necessary for them to perform their daily work. The risk of hearing damage depends on noise parameters and intrinsic factors called individual noise sensitivity. Not all musicians are exposed to sounds that exceed the acceptable level. However, most of them work in noise levels that are close to the acceptable safety limit or above, thus posing a threat. In addition to elevated hearing threshold, tinnitus, auditory hypersensitivity and diploacousis may result from many years of exposure to high intensity acoustic stimuli. Although the differences between the hearing thresholds for instrumentalists and members of the unexposed population are not large, researchers emphasize the need to recognize musicians as a risk group and to apply appropriate prevention. One of the methods to prevent hearing damage is to use ear protectors, which, although effectively reduce exposure, are not widely used by instrumentalists because they impede auditory control over the sounds produced by the instrument. In addition, multifaceted prevention programs and various techniques to minimize exposure are used, such as the proper placement of loud instruments in an orchestra.
Application of High Speed Digital Imaging
(HSDI) technique and voice acoustic analysis
in the diagnosis of the clinical form of
Presbyphonia in women
Authors: Kosztyła-Hojna Bożena , Duchnowska Emilia , Zdrojkowski Maciej , Łobaczuk-Sitnik Anna , Biszewska Jolanta
Published: July 2020

Introduction: The aging process of voice begins after the age of 60 and has an individually variable course. Voice quality disorders at this age are called senile voice (Presbyphonia or Vox Senium). Voice pathology is particularly severe in women. The aim of the study was to diagnose the clinical form of Presbyphonia in elderly women using High Speed Digital Imaging (HSDI) and acoustic voice analysis.
Material and methods: Study included 50 elderly women (average age 69) with dysphonia (Group I). Control group (Group II) included 30 women (average age 71) without voice quality disorders. Visualization assessment has been conducted with High Speed Digital Imaging (HSDI) with High Speed camera (HS). Acoustic evaluation of voice included analysis isolated vowel “a” and continuous linguistic text with Diagnoscope Specialista software. Maximum Phonation Time (MPT) has been determined.
Results: In Group I, 78% of women revealed vocal folds vibrations asymmetry, vibration amplitude increase, Mucousal Wave (MW) limitation and Type D glottal insufficiency (GTs). Acoustic voice analysis proved decrease in F0, increase in Jitter, Shimmer, NHR. In 22% of women, next to vibrations asymmetry, vibration amplitude reduction and MW limitation, Type E glottal insufficiency (GTs) have been found. Acoustic voice analysis revealed slight decrease in F0 and the presence of numerous non-harmonic components in the glottis region.
Conclusions: Vocal folds visualization with HSDI showed edema, less often atrophy in elderly women. Both forms of dysphonia were caused abnormal values of F0, Jitter, Shimmer, NHR in the acoustic voice evaluation and significant reduction of MPT.
A Facelift Procedure for Resection of Benign Parapharyngeal Tumors
Authors: Ohta Nobuo , Matsuura Kentaro , Osafune Hiroshi , Suzuki Takahiro , Noguchi Naoya , Hirabayashi Hiroto , Kitaya Shiori , Kusano Yusuke , Saito Yutaro , Kawata Rei , Ikeda Ryoukichi , Ishida Yusuke , Shimada Hiroki , Murakami Keigo , Murakami Kazuhiro , Nakamura Yasuhiro , Wada Kota
Published: July 2020

Objective: The feasibility, surgical outcomes and possible risks and complications encountered during a facelift procedure for patients with parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumor were analyzed.
Method: This retrospective analysis examined 10 patients who had undergone surgery for PPS tumor using a facelift incision at our institutes between April 2015 and August 2019.
Results: This study included four retro-styloid (benign nerve sheath tumor) and six pre-styloid tumors (pleomorphic adenoma). Average tumor dimensions were 4.1 x 4.2 x 3.8 cm respectively. None of the patients needed conversion to conventional open resection. Transient sensory changes in the auricle occurred in 30 % of the patients; however, all recovered within four months. In all the patients, postoperative scars were fully concealed by the auricle and hair. No recurrences were detected during a mean follow-up period of 16.6 months.
Conclusions: The facelift procedure provides adequate visualization, workspace and excellent cosmetic results in properly selected cases.
do uzupełnienia
Authors: Trojanowska Ewa
Published: July 2020

do uzupełnienia
The intestinal microbiota in psoriasis
Authors: Koper Monika , Woźniacka Anna , Robak Ewa
Published: July 2020

Microbiota is a kind of ecosystem inhabiting some organs, supporting their proper functioning, but also having a significant impact on the development of the immune system. The largest reservoir of microbiota is the digestive tract, where the largest number of lymphocytes is also present. Literature gradually increases the number of studies assessing the relationship between intestinal dysbiosis and the development of various parenteral diseases. This article presents the latest data from the medical literature regarding intestinal microbiota and barrier in patients with psoriasis. In the cited studies, a quantitative advantage of Firmicutes phylum over Bacteroidetes phylum and a smaller colonization of Actinobacteria phylum has been demonstrated. In terms of the species, colonization of bacteria Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Akkermansia muciniphilia was reduced, and Escherichia coli increased. Regarding the participation of individual taxonomic units, the results in the cited studies are partly different. However, all revealed significant differences between the intestinal
microbiota of patients with psoriasis and a healthy population, which suggests the importance of
intestinal dysbiosis in the development of this disease. It seems more important that what leads to
disturbances in the metabolic balance is not so much the quantity of individual taxonomic units
as their disproportions. In some studies, the deviations in microbiota correlated with the level
of metabolites and indicators of inflammation. Moreover, some studies revealed a significantly
higher incidence of Candida in the oral cavity as well as in the stool samples of patients with psoriasis.
There are also reports in the literature in which the occurrence of intestinal inflammation
and the impairment of the intestinal barrier in patients with psoriasis have been demonstrated.
These observations indicate interrelations between psoriasis and intestinal disorders as well as the
involvement of dysbiosis in both associations and the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
Virulence mechanisms used in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Śmiga Michał , Ślęzak Paulina , Siemińska Klaudia , Olczak Teresa
Published: July 2020

Periodontal diseases are characterized by progressive inflammation that destroys the tooth-supporting tissues, leading to gum bleeding and tooth loss. Porphyromonas gingivalis is considered one of the main etiological agents responsible for the initiation and progression of chronic periodontitis. This gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium is a part of a multi-species oral biofilm. P. gingivalis does not have the full pathway of protoporphyrin IX synthesis, nor does it produce siderophores. Therefore, for survival and proliferation, it requires heme as a source of iron and protoporphyrin IX. In order to obtain heme, P. gingivalis uses a number of
mechanisms that affect the ability of this bacterium to initiate a pathological condition. This
review presents the current knowledge regarding the best-known and characterized systems
involved in heme acquisition by P. gingivalis. We focused on processes occurring in the initial
states of infection, where gingipain, hemagglutinins, and hemolysins play a crucial role. The
mechanisms encoded by hmu, iht and hus operons, including proteins with hemophore-like
properties, as well as TonB-dependent outer membrane receptors are described. We present
their function and participation in the progression of the infection. In addition, we describe
mechanisms produced by P. gingivalis and other periodontopathogens in synergistic processes
promoting the growth and virulence of P. gingivalis. We also describe processes regulating iron
and heme homeostasis, including the homolog of the Fur protein, the two-component system
HaeSR, as well as the OxyR, SigH, and PgDps proteins.
Somatostatin analogues in the therapy of neuroendocrine tumors: Indications, contraindications, side-effects
Authors: Polowczyk Beata , Kałużny Marcin , Bolanowski Marek
Published: July 2020

The presence of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) is crucial in planning the therapy of patients with neuroendocrine tumors. This applies especially to patients in whom surgery has proven unsuccessful or there are contraindications for it. Increased SSTR expression has been observed in many cancers originating in the neuroendocrine system. Among them we distinguish anterior pituitary adenomas producing GH in excess and leading to the development of acromegaly, adenocorticotropic adenomas that autonomously synthesize ACTH, which leads to the development of ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome (Cushing’s disease), as well as
adenomas of the anterior pituitary from thyrotropic cells. Rich expression of these receptors
has been confirmed in epithelial tumors of neuroendocrine origin in the gastrointestinal
tract, pancreas and lungs. Somatostatin analogues, also called somatostatin receptor ligands,
are effective in symptomatic therapy; they enable disease control, exhibit anti-proliferative
effects and allow hormonal balance, which reduces mortality among patients and improves
their quality of life. The antitumor effect of somatostatin analogues has been proven in in
vitro and in vivo studies. In therapy they are usually well tolerated and safe. For many years,
somatostatin analogues have maintained an important place in the treatment of neuroendocrine
tumors and are still the subject of many studies. The aim of the study is to analyze,
based on available literature, therapeutic indications for the use of somatostatin analogues,
taking into account contraindications for therapy and its possible side effects.
KAJIAN TINGKAT KERUSAKAN PENCEMARAN DI SUNGAI KRUKUT
Authors:   Environmental Engineering Department,  Faculty of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Technology,  Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia, Sesempuli Yuni , Iswanto Bambang ,   Environmental Engineering Department,  Faculty of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Technology,  Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia, Hendrawan Diana Irvindiaty ,   Environmental Engineering Department,  Faculty of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Technology,  Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
Published: July 2020

The population growth with its activities causes pressure on the Krukut River. Load management of pollutants that enters the river is based on the self purification of the river. This study aims to analyze the river characteristics and degradation rate of Krukut River. Krukut River which is a research location has a length of ± 9.04 km. Characteristics of Krukut River has a type of small rocky riverbed and irregular with manning coefficient from 0.035 to 0.045. The depth ranging from 0,99 - 2 m, with a current velocity from 0,3 to 1,29 m/s. Krukut River discharge at 2,873-7,889 m3/sec. Streeter Phelps modeling to find out the constant rate of degradation of Krukut River which resulted in the value of DO and BOD. The rate of increase of dissolved oxygen (Ka) with the value of Ka range of 1,586-4,542 d-1, the standard value should be 1,494 d-1. The results of degradation rate (Kd) of the study obtained values range 0,285–0,394 d-1 with a default value of 0,501 d-1. For a settling rate (Ks) the range of 0,070 d-1 –0,096 d-1 with a standard value should be 0,751 d-1 which means the precipitation process is quite slow. Keywords: pollution degradation rate, Krukut River, Streeter Phelps methode, selfpurification, water quality
Gesellschaftsrechtliche Streitigkeiten in institutionellen Schiedsverfahren
Authors: Emmert Carolin
Published: July 2020

Mit der Entscheidung „Schiedsfähigkeit II“ hat der BGH erstmals die Beilegung von Beschlussmängelstreitigkeiten bei der GmbH in Schiedsverfahren zugelassen, diese jedoch an strenge Vorgaben geknüpft. Die Arbeit beinhaltet eine umfassende Analyse der sich hieran anschließenden Fragen. Eine komplexe Betrachtung der gesamten Bandbreite gesellschaftsrechtlicher Streitigkeiten zeigt, dass die Vorgaben des BGH auch bei zahlreichen weiteren Streitigkeiten Geltung beanspruchen müssen. Bei der Umsetzung der Vorgaben stehen die Ergänzenden Regeln für gesellschaftsrechtliche Streitigkeiten der Deutschen Institution für Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit im Fokus, einschließlich ihrer Vorzüge und Schwächen im Vergleich zu den Regeln anderer Schiedsinstitutionen.
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Cosmetics and Personal Care Products and Risk of Endometriosis
Authors: M. Peinado Francisco , M. Iribarne-Durán Luz , Ocón-Hernández Olga , Olea Nicolás , Artacho-Cordón Francisco
Published: July 2020

In the last years, the variety and consumption of cosmetics and personal care products (PCPs) have greatly increased, although the long-term adverse effects to low doses of chemicals used in their production and with proven hormone-mimicking properties have been still poorly addressed. Among these endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), parabens, benzophenones, bisphenols, and phthalates are the most widely found in these products. Given the estrogenic-dependent nature of the endometrium, it has been hypothesized the potential contribution of these EDCs contained in cosmetics and PCPs in the risk of endometriosis. In this book chapter, we have summarized the current evidence supporting this hypothesis, highlighting epidemiological, in vivo, and in vitro studies that have addressed the potential influence of parabens, benzophenones, bisphenols, and phthalates in the origin and progression of this chronic feminine disease.
Recent Developments of Combined Heat Pump and Organic Rankine Cycle Energy Systems for Buildings
Authors: Yaïci Wahiba , Entchev Evgueniy , Talebizadeh Sardari Pouyan , Longo Michela
Published: July 2020

To develop efficient and lower emission heating and cooling systems, this book chapter focuses on interests for the innovative combination of a heat pump (HP) and organic Rankine cycle (ORC) for building applications. In this state-of-the-art survey, the potentials and advantages of combined HP-ORC systems have been investigated and discussed. Past works have examined various combinations, comprising indirectly-combined as series and parallel, directly-combined units, as well as reversible combination configurations. Following describing such arrangements, their performance is discussed. Considerations for optimising the overall architecture of these combined energy systems are pinpointed using these same sources, taking into account heat source and sink selection, expander/compressor units, selection of working fluids, control strategies, operating temperatures, thermal energy storage and managing more variable seasonal temperatures. Furthermore, experimental works present further functional problems and matters needing additional research, and assist to emphasise experimental techniques that can be utilised in this field of research. Finally, from the studies surveyed, some areas for future research were recommended.
Four health science librarians’ experiences: How they responded to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis
Authors: Mi Misa , Zhang Yingting , Wu Lin , Wu Wendy
Published: July 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has an unprecedented impact on the entire country. With exponential growth of COVID-19 cases in many areas, university administration and faculty faced mounting challenges on all fronts in meeting students’ needs in transition to remote learning environments. In the face of indefinite closure of libraries and university campuses, how could academic libraries respond to emerging needs in response to the rapidly evolving situation from one day to the next?
Leibniz e o aperfeiçoamento da medicina: introdução ao texto e tradução
Authors: Marinho Arthur Leandro da Silva
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo apresentamos uma tradução e discussão de uma carta do filósofo Leibniz (1646-1716), na qual ele discute ações para o aperfeiçoamento da medicina. A importância e atualidade desta carta consiste em propor ações públicas de controle de epidemias pelo estado, como também, discute o uso de medicação pela medicina para controle das epidemias. No primeiro momento, explicamos a importância da publicação desta carta, destinada a Germain Brice, no Journal des Savants. No segundo momento apresentamos a tradução do texto, onde ele sugere a coleta de informações para ajudar na contenção da disseminação das doenças epidemiológicas. Essa é uma sugestão da qual alguns governos modernos poderiam se beneficiar. No mesmo texto, Leibniz também faz referência ao tratamento de uma pandemia com uma substância considerada estranha.