bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of reversible SERCA inhibition on catecholamine exocytosis and intracellular [Ca2+] signaling in chromaffin cells from normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats and Spontaneously Hypertensive rats
Authors: Parada-Parra Oscar Javier , Hernandez-Cruz Arturo
Published: March 2023

Intracellular [Ca2+]c signaling and catecholamine (CA) exocytosis from adrenal chromaffin cells (CCs) differ between mammalian species. These differences partly result from the different contributions of Ca2+-induced Ca2+-release (CICR) from internal stores, which boosts intracellular Ca2+ signals. Transient inhibition of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SERCA) Ca2+ pump with cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) reduces CICR. Martínez-Ramírez et al. authors found that CPA had opposite effects on catecholamine secretion and intracellular Ca2+ signals in mouse and bovine CCs, where it enhanced and inhibited exocytosis, respectively. After CPA withdrawal, exocytosis diminished in mouse CCs and increased in bovine CCs. These differences can be explained if mouse CCs have weak CICR and strong Ca2+ uptake, and the reverse is true for bovine CCs. Counterintuitively, CPA reduced the amplitude of Ca2+ signals in both mouse and bovine CCs.
Here we examined the effects of CPA on stimulated CA exocytosis and Ca2+ signaling in rat CCs and investigated if it alters differently the responses of CCs from normotensive (WKY) or hypertensive (SHR) rats, which differ in the strength of their CICR. Our results demonstrate that CPA application inhibits the voltage-gated exocytosis and Ca2+ transients in rat CCs, regardless of strain (SHR or WKY). CPA inhibited Ca2+ signals significantly more in SHR CCs than in WKY CCs. Despite the greater phylogenetic distance from the most recent common ancestors, CPA alters the CA secretion in rat CCs more similarly to bovine CCs than mouse CCs. Rat CCs display Ca2+ signals with one or two components. In CCs with two Ca2+ components, simultaneous amperometry also shows two bursts of exocytosis. The late component is abolished with CPA and Ryanodine, suggesting that it is due to CICR. Agents such as CPA that inhibit the SERCA pump and suppress catecholamine secretion indiscriminately from WKY and SHR in CCs are not likely helpful as therapeutic agents for hypertension.
(EERO) Energy-Efficient Fog Resource Optimization Model for Scientific Workflow Applications
Authors: Rahul Satyakam , Bhardwaj Vinay
Published: March 2023

Network congestion and increased latency may result from the speedy development of intelligent services and Internet of Things devices contacting cloud data centers. Fog computing meets the latency and privacy needs of operations running at the network edge by focusing on widely linked heterogeneous devices. The intricate and stringent Quality of Service limitations makes allocating resources in this paradigm challenging. We investigate workflow scheduling in fog-cloud systems to give an energy-efficient task plan within tolerable application completion times. The Energy Efficient optimization mode is presented. This paper investigated the outcomes of algorithms created by the community to address issues with energy management. The objective is to provide energy-efficient algorithms for a particular problem that minimize service compromise while reducing energy usage. The algorithms must attain a provably good performance, a crucial requirement. The goal is to find an efficient Pareto front by employing a Bayesian method with a maximum likelihood procedure for processing the fog node tasks while improving task scheduling by integrating heuristic methodologies such as PEFT and the Multi-objective genetic algorithm.
Maternal stress-induced behavioral changes diminished by maternal exposure to an electromagnetic field (50 Hz, 100 µTesla) in male rat offspring
Authors: Farid-Habibi Mahsa , Mohaddes Gisou , Abkhezr Hajar , Farajdokht Fereshteh , Heydari Hamed , Babri Shirin
Published: March 2023

Prenatal exposure to stress predisposes offspring to mental health problems in adulthood. However, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. The prefrontal cortex's (PFC) role is vital in regulating sleep and mood. Cryptochrome type 2 (CRY2), as a magnetoreceptor and an important part of the circadian system, has been linked to depression and anxiety. We aimed to determine CRY2 role in prenatal stress and extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on the PFC of rat offspring and its relationship with behavior. Female Wistar rats were exposed to chronic mild stress (CMS) or electromagnetic field (EMF) (50 Hz, 100 μT, 4 h/day) for 21 days before and during pregnancy. Behavioral tests, including the elevated plus maze, open field, and forced swimming test, were conducted on the male offspring at postnatal day (PND) 80, 81, 90. The expressionof CRY2 in the PFC and levels of serum corticosterone (CORT) were also measured. The results showed that maternal stress exposure caused anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in the male offspring, accompanied by decreased prefrontal CRY2 protein expression and increased serum CORT levels. In addition, maternal EMF had no significant effect on CRY2 expression in the male offspring. However, parallel ELF-EMF and stress exposure significantly attenuated anxiety and depression-like behaviors and decreased serum CORT levels.
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and associated factors among women aged 10-49 years old in two Sub-Saharan African Countries
Authors: Semagn Birhan Ewunu , Abubakari Abdulai , Kebede Shimels Derso
Published: March 2023

Background: The consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) has been linked to the global epidemic of obesity and chronic disease .Following the economic growth, urbanization, and attractive market for beverage companies, the consumption of Sugar sweetened beverage is a rising public health challenge in low and middle-income countries. There is a paucity of evidence on the prevalence and factors associated with the consumption of SSBs in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from IPUM-PMA with a total sample of 4822 women aged 10-49 years old in Burkina Faso and Kenya. After accessing the data from the IPUM-PMA website data re-coding, and labeling were done and analysed using STATA Version 14. Mixed effect logistic regression model was employed to identify associated factors.
Result: Almost half (49.08%) [44.65, 53.53] of women consumed sugar-sweetened beverages. Primary education (AOR = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.01 – 1.59), secondary education (AOR = 1.47; 95%CI: 1.15 – 1.87), employment status (AOR = 1.22; 95%CI: 1.01 – 1.48),consumption of savory and fried snack(AOR=1.64, ;95%CI=1.29 – 2.07 ,achieved minimum dietary diversity (AOR = 1.77; 95%CI: 1.50 – 2.08) ,highest wealth score (AOR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.18) , moderate household food insecurity (AOR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.62, 0.97), and sever household food insecurity (AOR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.61, 0.91) were statistically significantly association with Sugar-Sweetened Beverage consumption.
Conclusion: Consumption of SSBs among women in Africa is increasing and associated with high socio-economic class. Tailored public health intervention targeting middle to high-income groups will help curb the rise in the burden of morbidity and mortality following obesity and other non-communicable diseases among women in Africa.
Anaesthetic management of thoracotomy for massive intrathoracic solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura: a case report
Authors: Shen Wang , Li Yan , Liu Feng , Liu Ning , Wang Xiangrui , Ji Zhonghua
Published: March 2023

Backgrounds: Solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura (SFTP) is a rare thoracic tumor and usually asymptomatic. Massive SFTP may affect adjacent organs and tissues including pulmonary vasculature, bronchus and heart. A thoracotomy for massive SFTP is necessary in severe case. Therefore, it is important for anaesthesiologists to understand the condition of patients with massive SFTP and develop an appropriate anesthetic management strategy. Case summary: A 76-year-old woman with massive SFTP presented to our clinical center and was evaluated as requiring thoracotomy. She received multidisciplinary cooperation treatment from the radiology, cardiac, thoracic surgery and anaesthetic teams. The perioperative management of anaesthesiologists played a crucial role in the great prognosis of this woman. Conclusions: This case report demonstrates the importance of comprehensive and meticulous perioperative management and provides guidance to the multidisciplinary team on the potential risk and the rational treatment strategy of patients with massive SFTP during the perioperative period.
A first exploratory comparison of the behaviour of wolves (Canis lupus) and wolf-dog hybrids in captivity
Authors: Amici Federica , Meacci Simone , Caray Emmeline , Oña Linda , Liebal Katja , Ciucci Paolo
Published: March 2023

Extensive introgression of genes from domesticated taxa may be a serious threat for the genomic integrity and adaptability of wild populations. Grey wolves (Canis lupus) are especially vulnerable to this phenomenon, but there are no studies yet assessing the potential behavioural effects of dog-introgression in wolves. In this study, we conducted a first systematic comparison of admixed (N = 11) and non-admixed wolves (N = 14) in captivity, focusing on their reaction to unfamiliar humans and novel objects, and the cohesiveness of their social groups. When exposed to unfamiliar humans in the experimental task, wolves were more vigilant, fearful and aggressive than admixed wolves, and less likely to approach humans, but also more likely to spend time in human proximity. When exposed to novel objects, wolves were more aggressive than admixed wolves, less likely to spend time in object proximity, and more likely to interact with objects, but also less vigilant and as fearful as admixed wolves. Finally, social networks were mostly more cohesive in wolves than admixed wolves. Overall, our study suggests that dog admixture may lead to important behavioural changes in wolves, with possible implications for conservation strategies.
Factors affecting the length of hospital stay for total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective database study using Diagnosis Procedure Combination
Authors: Hara Kentaro , Kanda Masato , Kobayashi Yoshio , Miyamoto Takashi , Inoue Takahiro
Published: March 2023

This retrospective observational study on the length of stay for total knee arthroplasty was conducted at our institution to determine the impact of relevant factors from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination data. The study cohort included 5831 patients who had osteoarthritis of the knee and had undergone total knee replacement from February 2018 to October 2022 in 38 hospitals. Multivariate analysis showed that factors influencing length of stay include: age (p < 0.001), height (p < 0.001), weight (p = 0.049), body mass index (p = 0.008), Barthel index (p < 0.001), method of anesthesia (p < 0.001), bone transplant (p = 0.010), timing of postoperative rehabilitation (p < 0.001), atrial fibrillation (p < 0.001), chronic pain (p < 0.001) and the number of institutionally treated cases (p < 0.001) (r = 0.451, p < 0.001). Shorter or longer hospital stays were found to be associated with patients' backgrounds and facility factors, which can lead to more accurate estimates of the length of stay and appropriate allocation of resources.
A modified pull-through approach with a pedicled bone flap for oral and oropharyngeal cancer resection - a cadaveric feasibility study
Authors: Neckel Norbert , Neckel Peter , Hirt Bernhard , Doll Christian , Hofmann Elena , DDS Susanne Nahles , Heiland Max , Kreutzer Kilian , Koerdt Steffen
Published: March 2023

Purpose
Compromised swallowing and speaking as well as local complications are the major disadvantages of established approaches to the posterior tongue and oropharynx. The mandibular split involves an esthetically unpleasant bipartition of the lower lip and is prone to bony non-union or sequestration. The traditional pull-through technique on the other hand lacks the safe reattachment of the lingually released soft tissues.
Methods
The feasibility of a new modified pull-through approach was tested on three anatomical specimens. CAD/CAM cutting guides were used to design a retentive bone flap for the proper refixation of the genioglossus and geniohyoid muscles after the procedure.
Results
Precise repositioning and dynamic compression of bony segments was reproducible and no injury to adjacent structures occurred. In all cases, a median lingual foramen was found and in two cases vessels entering it could be dissected.
Conclusion
The method presented is safe and easy to perform. Individual cutting guides improve the safety and accuracy of the procedure, potentially eliminating the need for osteosynthesis. We provide the anatomical and radiologic basis for clinical evaluation of this pedicled bone flap procedure.
Effects of foot reflexology on an infant with SNHL: An fMRI case study
Authors: LEE Yujun , Chen Maoqing , HaoYan
Published: March 2023

Foot reflexology is a traditional medicine in which foot stimulation is believed to have therapeutic effects on patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). However, no physiological evidence of these benefits is available. In the present study, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to assess the effects of foot reflexology. Compared with SNHL infants who did not undergo foot reflexology, an SNHL infant treated with foot reflexology exhibited increased regional homogeneity (ReHo) in the frontal cortex, temporal cortex, occipital cortex, and thalamus and decreased ReHo inthe bilateral occipital cortex. This suggests that foot reflexology influences hubs of the brain networks responsible for language and auditory processing. Differences in these areas have clinical significance and may be helpful for treating infants with SNHL.A large-scale, randomized controlled trial is needed to confirm these findings.
Vertebral fractures cascade: potential risk factors
Authors: fan yuyu , fang xiutong , Ding LIxiang , Song Hongxing , Qiao Junjie , Hou Yu , Yi Meng
Published: March 2023

Vertebral fractures (VFs) are the most common osteoporotic fractures and are a strong risk factor for subsequent VFs, leading to VF cascade (VFC). We conducted a study to identify potential causes of and risk factors for VFC. At the same time, we also studied the factors influencing the time between fractures in patients with osteoporotic VFC. We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 889 patients diagnosed with osteoporotic vertebral fracture at Beijing Shijitan Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2022. The study included 193 patients with VFC. The multifactorial risk analysis showed that the independent risk factors for VFC included a history of diabetes mellitus (hazard ratio, 1.635; p value = 0.016), a history of oral corticosteroid therapy (hazard ratio, 1.798; p value = 0.001), chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD, hazard ratio 1.666, p value = 0.036), thoracolumbar fracture (hazard ratio, 2.664, p value < 0.001), and a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 28 (hazard ratio 1.421; p value = 0.045). Further study showed that glycated haemoglobin was also an important factor affecting the interval between fractures in patients with VFC. Independent risk factors for VFC include a history of diabetes, prior oral corticosteroid therapy, COPD, thoracolumbar fracture, and BMI ≥ 28. The occurrence of fractures in the thoracolumbar segment is the most important risk factor. Additional research has shown that after the first vertebral fracture, the poorer the patient's blood sugar control, the faster the refracture rate.
Effect of fenofibrate and gemfibrozil on kynurenic acid production in rat kidney in vitro: old drugs, new possibilities
Authors: Zakrocka Izabela , Załuska Wojciech
Published: March 2023

Kidney dysfunction significantly increases cardiovascular risk, even in the setting of minor function decline. Hypertriglyceridemia is the most common finding among lipid abnormalities in patients with kidney disorders. PPARα (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α) agonists called fibrates are main agents used to lower triglycerides level. Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is one of tryptophan (Trp) metabolites, directly formed from L-kynurenine (L-KYN) by kynurenine aminotransferases (KATs). KAT I and KAT II are the best studied KAT isoenzymes. KYNA is classified as a uremic toxin, which level correlates with kidney function decline. High fat diet, known as ketogenic diet, was previously shown to increase KYNA concentration. Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of most commonly used fibrates, fenofibrate and gemfibrozil, on KYNA production and KATs activity in rat kidney in vitro. Methods: The influence of fenofibrate and gemfibrozil on KYNA synthesis, as well as both KATs activity, was tested in rat kidney homogenates in vitro after 2 hours incubation in the presence of KYNA precursor and selected drug. Each drug was examined at increasing concentrations up to 1 mM. KYNA formation was analyzed through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: Fenofibrate and gemfibrozil significantly decreased KYNA synthesis and both KATs activity in rat kidney in vitro. Conclusion: Fenofibrate and gemfibrozil decrease KYNA production in rat kidney in vitro through inhibition of KAT I and KAT II isoenzymes. Presented results show novel mechanism of fibrates action in the kidney, indicating potential role of examined drugs in kidney function regulation.
Brumimicrobium oceani sp. nov., isolated from coastal sediment saline lake and Genome Insight of the Genus Brumimicrobium
Authors: Zhang Meng-Di , Zhou Zi-Yang , Kou Yi-Yu , Lu De-Chen , Du Zong-Jun
Published: March 2023

A novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped and orange-colored bacterium, designated as strain C305T, was isolated from marine sediment of the coast area of Weihai, China. Strain C305T growth occurs at 4–40 °C (optimally at 30–33 °C), pH 6.0–9.0 (optimally at pH 8.0) and with 0.5–10.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 1.5–3.0 %). No growth is observed without NaCl. The major cellular fatty acids of strain C305T were identified as iso-C15:0 ，iso-C15:1G and iso-C17:0 3-OH. The major respiratory quinone was found to be MK-6, and the DNA G+C content was determined to be 35.5mol %. The predominant polar lipids were mainly Phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), unidentified aminophospholipids (APL), and a kind of unidentified lipid (L2). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that C305T was a member of the genus Brumimicrobium and had a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 96.9–98.0 % with recognized Brumimicrobium species. On the basis of the phylogentic and phenotypic evidences, strain C305T represents a novel species of the genus Brumimicrobium, for which the name Brumimicrobium oceani sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is C305T (= KCTC 62371T =MCCC 1H00297T).
A Power-Balanced Alamouti Scheme with Security Protection
Authors: Chan Satya , Lee Hyein , Kim Sooyoung
Published: March 2023

Due to advancements in modern mobile communication technology, massive numbers of devices are now connected to the internet, but the associated information also has to be well protected. Many studies have proposed physical layer security (PLS) approaches utilizing artificial noise (AN), which is a simple approach to protecting information from an illegal receiver. However, this approach requires additional power allocation for AN. This paper proposes an efficient power balancing method for the Alamouti scheme, which provides efficient security capability as well as enhancement of power efficiency. The simulation results investigated in this paper reveal that the proposed scheme requires about 5 dB smaller power to achieve the same performance as that of the conventional AN-aided scheme, and eventually, about 2 dB less power than the conventional scheme without PLS.
Monotherapy is associated with a lower risk of mortality in patients infected with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae without sepsis
Authors: Deng Sheng , Chen Jinglan , Zhou Pengxiang , Hu Qin
Published: March 2023

Background: To determine the mortality-related risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infection in hospitalized patients and to compare the clinical efficacy of different antimicrobial regimens, mainly from the perspective of mortality.
Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from a 3,000-bed regional medical center with CRE infections between January 2021 and June 2022. The clinical characteristics, microbiological characteristics, and antimicrobial therapies of the patients with different outcomes were analyzed. Mortality-related risk factors were analyzed by the Cox proportional regression model for multivariate analysis.
Results: 120 patients were included. All patients received definitive therapy, and 65.0% (78/120) received active drug treatment. Among those receiving active drug treatment, 65.4% (51/78) received combination therapy, and 34.6% (27/78) received monotherapy. The all-cause mortality of CRE infection was 20.8% (25/120). Multivariate analysis showed that the length of hospital stay after CRE infection (hazard ratio [HR], 0.868; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.806-0.936; P = 0.000), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (HR = 1.169; 95%CI, 1.066-1.281; P = 0.001), central venous catheter (HR = 3.858; 95%CI, 1.411-10.547; P = 0.009), age (HR = 1.035; 95%CI, 1.002-1.070; P = 0.036), and combination therapy (HR = 3.152; 95%CI, 1.205-8.245; P = 0.019) were independent mortality risk factors after CRE infection. Subgroup analysis of the non-sepsis group among 78 patients who received active drug treatment showed significantly lower mortality in monotherapy than in combination therapy (0% versus 22.2%, P = 0.034). Patients who received carbapenem-containing therapy had significantly higher mortality than those who received carbapenem-sparing therapy (31.3% versus 13.9%, P = 0.022).
Conclusions: Patients with a higher SOFA score, central venous catheter, shorter hospital stay after CRE infection, older age, and combination therapy had poor outcomes. Since patients with non-sepsis have a lower mortality rate from monotherapy, combination antibiotic treatment should not be routinely recommended to treat CRE infections.
18-Crown-6 based supramolecular structure, hydrogen bonding behaviour and its nonlinear optical properties
Authors: Chellakarungu Balakrishnan , Muniyasamy Manonmani , Govindarajan Vinitha , Meenakshisundaram Subbiah
Published: March 2023

Self-assembled supramolecular cocrystals of (18-crown-6).2(5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid).2(H2O) has been synthesised from 18-crown-6 (18C6) and 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid (5ATIPA) by slow evaporation solution growth technique. The cocrystal was characterized by IR, DRS and PL spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and z-scan technique. It crystallizes in a monoclinic system with centrosymmetric space group P21/c. Supramolecular assembly is constructed by N─H•••O and O─H•••O interactions. The inclusion of the water molecules is involved in bifurcated hydrogen bonds with the 18C6 molecule and the -NH2 group is involved in intramolecular hydrogen bonds with iodine atoms of the 5ATIPA molecule. The vibrational patterns in FT–IR is used to identify the functional groups. Direct band gap energies estimated by diffuse reflectance spectrum is, 3.13 eV. Fingerprint plots of Hirshfeld surfaces were used to locate and analyze the percentage of hydrogen bonding interactions. The z-scan technique indicates the suitability of cocrystal for third-order NLO applications.
Staged osteotomy in lateral position for the treatment of severe kyphotic deformity secondary to ankylosing spondylitis: a retrospective study
Authors: Hu Zhengjun , Zhong Rui , Zhao Deng , Wang Fei , Huang Huaqiang , Jiang Dengxu , Zhang Zhong , Liang Yijian
Published: March 2023

Background
Patients are often complicated with severe kyphotic deformity (Cobb > 100 °) in the advanced stage of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Corrective osteotomy based on a prone position seems to be the only effective treatment. Even with a specifically prepared folding bed, it can occasionally be challenging to prone-position AS patients with severe kyphosis.
Methods
23 patients who underwent staged osteotomy in a lateral position from October 2015 to June 2017 were analyzed. In the first stage of surgery, all but one patient underwent a single-level Ponte osteotomy, which was followed by a pedicle subtraction osteotomy in the second stage. The average follow-up was 30.8 ± 4.6 months. Global kyphosis (GK), thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis (LL), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), osteotomized vertebra intervertebral angle (OVI), Chin-brow vertical angle (CBVA), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score and Scoliosis Research Society-22 Patient Questionnaire (SRS-22) were all compared pre-and post-operation.
Results
All kyphosis parameters were significantly improved (all P < 0.05). GK was corrected from 115.0 ± 13.4 ° to 46.5 ± 9.0 ° postoperatively, with a mean correction of 68.5 °. SVA was improved from 21.2 ± 5.1 cm to 5.1 ± 1.8 cm postoperatively. After surgery, CBVA was adjusted from 64.1 ± 23.2 ° to 5.7 ± 10.6 ° and OVI was changed from 9.0 ± 2.7 ° to -20.1 ± 5.6 °. Both the ODI and SRS-22 showed substantial improvements (all P < 0.05). Four patients with mild complications were observed perioperatively.
Conclusion
In AS patients with severe kyphosis, satisfactory correction can be safely achieved with staged osteotomy in the lateral decubitus position, which can not only correct the sagittal imbalance of the spine with acceptable complications but also facilitate the placement of intraoperative position.
MEAI:An Artificial Intelligence Platform For Predicting Distant And Lymph Node Metastases Directly From Primary Breast Cancer
Authors: Fan Jiansong , Zhang Lei , Lv Tianxu , Liu Yuan , Sun Heng , Miao Kai , Jiang Chunjuan , Li Lihua , Pan Xiang
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Breast cancer patients typically have decent prognoses, with a 5-year survival rate of more than 90\%, but when the disease metastases to lymph node or distant, the prognosis drastically declines. Therefore, it is essential for future treatment and patient survival to quickly and accurately identify tumor metastasis in patients. An artificial intelligence system was developed to recognize lymph node and distant tumor metastases on whole-slide images (WSIs) of primary breast cancer.
Methods: In this study, a total of 832 WSIs from 520 patients without tumor metastases and 312 patients with breast cancer metastases (including lymph node, bone, lung, liver, and other) were gathered. Based on the WSIs were randomly divided into the training and testing cohorts, a brand-new artificial intelligence system called MEAI was built to identify lymph node and distant metastases in primary breast cancer.
Results: The final AI system attained an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.934 in a test set of 187 patients. In addition, the potential for AI system to increase the precision, consistency, and effectiveness of tumor metastasis detection in patients with breast cancer was highlighted by the AI's achievement of an AUROC higher than the average of six board-certified pathologists (AUROC: 0.811) in a retrospective pathologist evaluation.
Conclusion: The proposed MEAI system can provide a non-invasive approach to assess the metastatic probability of patients with primary breast cancer.
Effective thermal conductivity measurement of additively manufactured lattice structures by application of modified temperature profile method
Authors: UMEMOTO Ryo , UENO Ai , NAGANO Hosei , OTSUKI Masatsugu , OGUSHI Tetsuro
Published: March 2023

This study aims to establish a general-purpose thermal conductivity measurement method that can take into account the effect of heat loss under atmospheric conditions for measuring the effective thermal conductivity of lattice structures, and to clarify the effective thermal conductivity of lattice structures with different wire diameters. In this paper, calculations by finite element method and measurements using steady state comparative-longitudinal heat flow method and modified temperature profile method were performed to clarify the effective thermal conductivity of the five truncated octahedron unit-cell lattice structures with different wire diameters fabricated by additive manufacturing. The modified temperature profile method is developed to take into account the effect of interfacial thermal resistance in the measurement apparatus. The effective thermal conductivity measured by using the steady state comparative-longitudinal heat flow method and calculated with finite element method analysis showed good agreement, confirming that the effective thermal conductivity is strongly dependent on the wire diameter. The effective thermal conductivity obtained by the modified temperature profile (MTP) method was 3–24% smaller than that obtained by the steady state comparative-longitudinal heat flow method, and the measurement was able to take heat loss into account more concretely. Furthermore, measurements using the MTP method enabled us to obtain reasonable values for the ratio of heat loss in each section, the fin efficiency of the sample, the heat transfer coefficient to the surroundings, and the interfacial thermal resistance between the rods and the sample.
Insect pollinator and natural enemy communities in green roof and ground-level urban habitats
Authors: Manning Katherine McNamara , Coffman Reid R. , Bahlai Christie A.
Published: March 2023

Urban greenspaces, including green roofs and ground-level urban habitats provide habitat for insect communities in cities. However, beneficial insect communities likely differ between human-managed habitats because of varying provision of resources and connectivity in these greenspaces. This study examined the insect communities in four extensive green roofs and three non-adjacent, similarly structured, managed ground-level habitats. We detected a high degree of overlap in insect taxa but found moderate differences in overall insect community composition between the green roof and ground-level habitats. While there was no difference in Shannon diversity between green roofs and ground-level habitats, the ground-level habitat had greater insect taxa richness. Although, both green roof and ground-level habitats supported pollinators and natural enemies, ground-level had greater mean pollinator and natural enemy richness and Shannon diversity. Unexpectedly, green roofs intentionally designed using native plants for habitat did not differ from those that used non-native plants in insect community metrics used in this study. These findings suggest that connectivity and structure might play an outsized role in shaping urban insect communities.
Renewable Energy and Ecological Sustainability in Africa: Does Foreign Debt and Financial Globalisation Matter?
Authors: Aladejare Samson Adeniyi
Published: March 2023

Since the last decade, ecological preservation has become a critically debated topic in developing and developed nations. Hence, to ensure environmental sustainability, countries and international bodies have been canvassing for measures that support severe restrictions to protect the Earth's biodiversity. Without such an approach, sustaining the ecological quality needed for sustainable growth and development will be a mirage if current greenhouse gas levels are not tamed. Hence, this study investigated the effect of renewable energy consumption on the ecological sustainability of 44 African countries and the accompanying roles of external debt and financial globalisation in the relationship. Second-generation estimation techniques were employed and deduced inferences from the cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag method used in the study. It was empirically demonstrated that renewable energy is insignificant for ecological sustainability without debt stock and financial globalisation. However, the inclusion of both variables revealed that while renewable energy and financial globalisation accelerated ecological sustainability, external debt worsened it in the short and long-term periods. Therefore, relevant policy measures were proposed in the study.
JEL Classification: H54, N77, O3.
A simple sinusoidal quadrature oscillator using a single active element
Authors: Panikhom Suphaphorn , Suksawad Atirarj , Janda Thitiporn , Jantakun Adirek
Published: March 2023

This study describes a simple design for a single active element sinusoidal oscillator with a quadrature signal. A current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCTA), a single resistor, and two grounded capacitors are used in the first circuit. The second circuit is improved by using a current-controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCCCTA) and two grounded capacitors without a passive resistor, which means the grounded capacitor is suitably implemented for the IC fabrication. The oscillation condition and frequency of both circuits can be controlled using the same method that concurrently adjusts the DC bias current and the resistance as well as the oscillation frequency can be independently adjusted by capacitances. The CCTA is achieved by cascading the integrated circuits (IC) AD844 and LM13700, made by Analog Devices Corporation and Texas Instruments, respectively, which are available for commercial purchase. The sinusoidal quadrature signals in the time-domain and frequency-domain can be shown with computer simulations and the results of experiments. The Monte Carlo Analysis is also utilized to examine the oscillation frequency with the influence of passive element tolerance errors. The predicted oscillation frequency has a standard variation of about 20.04 kHz, with a maximum frequency of approximately 346.89 kHz and a minimum frequency of approximately 259.09 kHz. In addition, the mean and median frequencies are 296.10 and 293.98 kHz, respectively. The results of this study indicate that computer simulation and experiment are similar to a theoretical analysis, making them suiTable for use in the teaching of electrical and electronic engineering
Crystal habit (tracht) of groundmass pyroxene crystals recorded magma ascent paths during the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption
Authors: Okumura Shota H. , Mujin Mayumi , Tsuchiyama Akira , Miyake Akira
Published: March 2023

The morphologies and size distributions of groundmass crystals record conditions of magma ascent through volcanic conduits. However, morphological information (such as crystal shapes) has not been incorporated into crystal size distributions (CSDs). Here, we focused on the crystal habit, especially the shape variation due to the combination of (hk0) faces (hereafter “tracht”) of pyroxene microlites and nano-crystals, and measured CSDs for each crystal habit (tracht) to more comprehensively characterize the crystallization kinetics. We refer to the CSDs measured for each tracht as “tracht-specific CSDs.” Pyroclasts from the 2011 eruption of Shinmoedake (Kirishima volcano group, Japan) were examined by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction analysis, synchrotron radiation X-ray computed nanotomography, and transmission electron microscopy. The samples contain groundmass pyroxenes of two main trachts: octagonal prisms consisting of {100}, {010}, and {110} faces and hexagonal prism lacking {100} faces. The pumice clasts formed by different eruption styles showed different trends of tracht-specific CSDs. Sub-Plinian pumice clasts were characterized by octagonal microlites (1–10 μm wide) and numerous hexagonal nano-crystals (0.2–2 μm wide), and a Vulcanian pumice clast with the same glass composition showed the same characteristics. In contrast, Vulcanian pumice clasts with more evolved glass compositions contained mostly octagonal pyroxenes. The tracht-specific CSDs and growth zonations indicate a change from octagon-dominant to hexagon-dominant growth conditions during syneruptive ascent. We infer that the hexagonal tracht resulted from a large degree of effective undercooling due to rapid decompression in the shallow conduit. Moreover, the texture of the less-evolved Vulcanian pumice indicates that a portion of the magma erupted on the Vulcanian eruption followed almost the same ascent paths just prior to the fragmentation as those during the sub-Plinian eruptions, and thus the Vulcanian eruption may have involved the rapid ascent of deeper magma. We propose that tracht analyses of groundmass pyroxenes provide detailed information about time-evolution of magma conditions during syneruptive ascent.
Catalogue of phonon modes in several cuprate high-temperature superconductors from density functional theory
Authors: Jabusch Noah J. , Dayal Pavan , Kemper Alexander F.
Published: March 2023

Cuprates are promising candidates for study in developing higher
temperature superconductors. A thorough understanding of a material’s
phonon modes enables further investigation of its emergent properties,
however, no complete reference of the phonon modes exists. Here, using
density functional theory, we evaluate the phonon frequencies and atomic
displacements for La2CuO4,
Bi2Sr2CuO6,
and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8,
in their tetragonal structures. The phonon modes for all materials agree
with those expected from space group symmetry and display instabilities
corresponding to known low-temperature structural phase transitions.
Fortalezas y capacidades de las mujeres de Encimadas-Samaná para construir escenarios de paz
Authors: Aristizábal González Claudia Marcela , Pinilla Sepúlveda Victoria Eugenia
Published: March 2023

Este artículo es resultado de la investigación Mujeres, capacidades y construcción de escenarios de paz en Samaná Caldas, realizada en el Corregimiento de Encimadas con el objetivo de identificar, analizar, y comprender las capacidades desarrolladas por las mujeres para construir escenarios de paz en sus familias y comunidades. Es una investigación cualitativa, dialógica narrativa con un enfoque hermenéutico que da prioridad a los procesos relacionales y a las formas de expresar y compartir las experiencias vividas por ocho mujeres sobrevivientes del conflicto armado. Los resultados revelan y resaltan cómo aunque las condiciones materiales, sociales e institucionales siguen siendo precarias, estas mujeres han ido descubriendo y desarrollando en su día a día fortalezas como la persistencia, el liderazgo, el empoderamiento y el auto reconocimiento, que combinan y concretan en capacidades de resiliencia, solidaridad y participación para revertir la lógica de las violencias, aprovechar cualquier circunstancia o condición social, económica, cultural y política que les posibilite impulsar acciones de cambio y fomentar escenarios familiares y comunitarios como entornos fundamentales para construir formas de vida más dignas, pacíficas y florecientes.
Fiscal solvency and fiscal limitations under economic crisis and recovery: An empirical approach of Ukraine
Authors: Kotina Hanna , Stepura Maryna , Kornieva Anastasiia , Slavkova Alla
Published: March 2023

The challenges of crisis phenomena can lead to a radical transformation in the stance of public finance and affect the opportunities for economic development. Since the instruments of fiscal adjustment directly determine the solvency and stability of public finances, in these conditions they require special attention. The purpose of the paper is to investigate and assess the correspondence between fiscal solvency, fiscal limitations, and socioeconomic development of Ukraine in a crisis and recovery policy based on compliance with fiscal rules. Empirical studies have not revealed a strong direct correspondence between fiscal solvency, debt security, and socioeconomic development. But at the same time, the implementation or approaching the implementation of fiscal rules has a positive effect on the level of socio-economic development only in conditions of macroeconomic stability, therefore, in a crisis, it is very important not to tighten fiscal rules too early. However, data from the post-crisis policy of Ukraine (2011, 2015, 2021) indicate that incentive measures were prematurely curtailed.
On the category of “secular” in Justinian’s Novels (on the example of concepts λαϊκός, ἰδιώτης, κοσμικός)
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Shchipkov Vasily A.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this article is to identify, which of the original connotations in the authentic Greek text of Justinian’s Novels (VI century) contained the categories, for which the researchers would use the term “secular” in order to understand and translate into modern Russian and English languages, in the extent that this translation analogy is justified. The research is performed using the method of analyzing the expressions, which are close in meaning to the concepts of “secular”, “non-church”, “non-religious”, based on the original Greek text of the Collection of 168 Novels (stereotype edition by Schoell and Kroll, 1912) and their dictionary interpretations. The analysis included the comparison of the ways these expressions were used in different parts of the original Greek text of Justinian’s Novels, as well as their comparison with historical Latin translations and the modern translation into Russian and English. The article analyzes the semantic connotations of the concepts of λαϊκός, ἰδιώτης, κοσμικός, and related expressions κοσμικός βίος, κοσμικὴ διαγωγὴ and ἰδιωτικὴ διαγωγὴ. The author concludes that these concepts in Justinian’s Novels were not legally special. They also designated (or constructed) neither special area of “secular” nor a special social group of “laity”, but they were used apophatically to explain and emphasize the special status of the clergy and the church institution. The more precise meaning of λαϊκός, ἰδιώτης, κοσμικός is the state and pastime of persons, who did not hold any positions, including those at the church.
Historical Jesus vs Chalcedonian definition: The problem of Christ’s ignorance
Authors:   Institute of Control Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernyavsky Alexander L.
Published: March 2023

Some of the sayings of Jesus show that he did not possess omniscience. But this is incompatible with the Chalcedonian definition according to which in Christ the divine and human natures are united in one person. Traditional theology has therefore concluded that Christ’s ignorance was only apparent. However, the studies of the historical Jesus proved that Christ as man did not really know the time of the end of the world and his Second Coming. Moreover, he expected these events to come in the very near future. The article shows that the arguments of scholars are so conclusive that the incompatibility of the gospel testimonies with the Chalcedonian definition can be considered a well-established fact. These results of New Testament studies fundamentally change the situation in modern Christian theology: a literal understanding of the Chalcedonian formula became now not only difficult, but impossible. However, the Chalcedonian definition is only one possible way to describe the unity of the divine and the human in Christ. Alternative ways are not only theoretically possible, but have already been proposed and actually exist in Christian theology. The final section of the article briefly describes three such ways proposed by Karl Barth, Albert Schweitzer, and Paul Tillich.
Evaluación del impacto ambiental de los pesticidas utilizados para el control de plagas en los principales cultivos hortícolas en el valle de Chancay-Huaral, Lima
Authors: Rodríguez-Quispe Susana Patricia , Ortiz-Oblitas Oscar , Castillo-Valiente Jorge Ramón
Published: March 2023

Se realizó una evaluación de impacto ambiental en el valle de Chancay-Huaral para los cultivos de tomate, pimiento, pepino, zanahoria y lechuga. Adicionalmente se realizaron encuestas y entrevistas a 96 agricultores y a 10 de los principales proveedores de plaguicidas de la zona. Se determinó que para los cultivos de tomate se realizaron entre 33 y 42 aplicaciones de plaguicidas con 27 ingredientes activos; para los cultivos de pimiento entre 36 y 45 aplicaciones con 28 ingredientes activos; para los cultivos de pepino 22 aplicaciones con 19 ingredientes activos; para los cultivos de zanahoria 8 aplicaciones con 11 ingredientes activos; y para los cultivos de lechuga 12 aplicaciones con 15 ingredientes activos. Para estas aplicaciones, los agricultores prepararon las mezclas utilizando formulaciones comerciales o según sus propios criterios, guiados por los proveedores. Debido al número de aplicaciones realizadas, no se respetaron los periodos de retirada de plaguicidas, y la gestión fitosanitaria se basó principalmente en el control químico sin tener en cuenta un programa de Gestión Integrada de Plagas. El impacto ambiental por hectárea de plaguicidas por campaña para los cultivos estudiados fue de 541.30 para el tomate, 595.97 para el pimiento, 959 para el pepino, 125.38 para la zanahoria y 81.88 para la lechuga. Este estudio servirá como línea de base para la evaluación de los impactos ambientales de diversos cultivos agrícolas, y para evaluar la aplicación de programas de Gestión Integrada de Plagas.
A study on utilizing SPALT technology in the classroom
Authors: Kumar Muniisvaran , Selistus Franklin Thambi Jose , Ponniah Kartheges
Published: March 2023

The objectives of this study are to identify the use of smartphone-assisted language teaching in the classroom and to explore its importance and advantages. Computers, mobile phones, etc. are introduced in the classroom and several studies are being carried out in this area. When compared to such studies, the present study focuses on the use of smartphones in language teaching and also explores its importance of it. For the present study data were collected from higher-educational institutions to identify the use of smartphones in classrooms using a structured questionnaire. 100 respondents participated. The findings of the study reveal that smartphone usage was found in classrooms and was useful for students.
An Interview with Dr. Terry Fulmer
Authors: Editorial Office OBM Geriatrics
Published: March 2023

InterviewAn Interview with Dr. Terry FulmerOBM Geriatrics Editorial OfficeLIDSEN Publishing Inc., 2000 Auburn Drive, One Chagrin Highlands, Suite 200, Beachwood, OH, USA; E-Mail: geriatrics@lidsen.comOBM Geriatrics 2023, volume 7, issue 1 doi:10.21926/obm.geriatr.2301229Received: March 15, 2023Accepted: March 15, 2023Published: March 22, 2023