bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serum vitamin D levels and acute kidney injury: A systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Huanran , Jiang Yan , Shi Nan , Lu Yuan Qiang
Published: May 2022

Background: Numerous researches have evaluated the prevalence and clinical outcome of vitamin D deficiency in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). But the quantitative vitamin D status in acute kidney injury (AKI) patients and its relationship with prognosis remains controversial. We conducted this systemic review and meta-analysis to assess the quantitative difference of vitamin D status, including serum 25(OH) D and 1,25(OH)2D levels，between AKI patients and non-AKI controls, and further explore whether vitamin D status can be clearly correlated with the mortality of AKI. Methods: Major databases, including PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO, were searched until 1st September 2021. All published observational studies related to vitamin D and AKI According to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were extracted. Meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.3.5. Results: Four studies including five cohorts were included with a total of 413 patients. The serum 25(OH)D levels showed no statistically significant difference in AKI patients and non-AKI controls. On the other hand, the serum 1,25(OH)2D levels were significant lower in AKI patients than in non-AKI controls (MD=-17.79, 95% CI =-32.73 to -2.85, P = 0.02). As for the relationship between serum vitamin D status and AKI patients’ mortality, we were unable to give a consistent conclusion based on current limited and conflict study results. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggested that serum 1,25(OH)2D levels, rather than 25(OH)D, is significantly lower in AKI patients. The relationship between vitamin D status and clinical outcome of AKI remains controversial based on current evidence. Future comprehensive studies are required to confirm these relations and to elucidate potential mechanisms.
KAT7 promotes radioresistance through upregulating PI3K/AKT signaling in breast cancer
Authors: Ma Ya , Chen Xiaohua , Ding Ting , Zhang Hanqun , Zhang Qiuning , Dai Huanyu , Zhang Haibo , Tang Jianming , Wang Xiaohu
Published: May 2022

Chromatin-modifying enzymes are commonly altered in cancers, but the molecular mechanism by which they regulate cancers remains poorly understood. Herein, we demonstrated that KAT7, a lysine acetyltransferase, was upregulated in breast cancer. KAT7 expression negatively correlated with the survival of breast cancer patients, and KAT7 silencing suppressed breast cancer radioresistance in vitro. Mechanistically, KAT7 activated PIK3CA transcription, leading to enhanced PI3K/AKT signaling and radioresistance. Overexpression of AKT or PIK3CA restored radioresistance suppression induced by KAT7 inhibition. Moreover, overexpression of KAT7, but not KAT7 acetyltransferase activity-deficient mutants promoted AKT phosphorylation, PIK3CA expression, and radioresistance suppression due to KAT7 inhibition. In conclusion, KAT7 has huge prospects for clinical application as a new target for predicting radioresistance in breast cancer patients.
Meta-analysis of clinical trials of transcranial magnetic stimulation for chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Authors: Wang Mengyang , Yang Chunhua , Xia Rui , Xu Zhengxian , Liu Jun , Dai Yalan , Kuang Yuxing , Li Xingjie , Wu Ziyi , Chen Shangjie , Wang Min , Qu Hongdang
Published: May 2022

Background: In recent years, repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been used in clinical trials for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain syndrome, but its efficacy needs to be further verified.Objectives/Methods: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Databases of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and SinoMed were searched for all clinical trials published before Nov.08.2021. The effect size was evaluated by using the standardized mean difference (SMD) and a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: We included 7 studies comprising 99 participants. VAS scale was used as the main index of pain intensity, was observed (SMD=0.19, 95%CI -0.07 to 0.42, p=0.13) has no treatment effect. Reduction in depression ,anxiety and symptoms were not find out, there was a significant effect of quality of life (SF-36, SMD= -8.69, 95%CI -12.04 to -5.35, p＜0.00001). No serious adverse events were reported by the included articles.Conclusion: TMS may improve ADL, and long-term interventions of rTMS have a positive impact on pain and mood in patients with CPPS. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution due to the limitations of the included studies.
Clinical outcomes after single induction dose of etomidate versus ketamine for emergency department sepsis intubation: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Srivilait Winchana , Bumrungphanithaworn Atidtaya , Daorattanachai Kiattichai , Limjindaporn Chitlada , Amnuaypattanapon Kumpol , Imsuwan Intanon , Diskumpon Nipon , Dasanadeba Ittabud , Siripakarn Yaowapha , Ueamsaranworakul Thosapol , Pornpanit Chatchanan , Pornpachara Vanussarin
Published: May 2022

Background: Patients with sepsis often require emergency intubation. In emergency departments (EDs), rapid-sequence intubation with a single-dose induction agent is standard practice but the best choice of induction agent in sepsis remains controversy. High quality RCTs are needed to determine the optimal induction agents in sepsis. Methods: We conducted a randomized, controlled, single-blind trial in the ED. We included septic patients who were aged at least 18 years and required sedation for emergency intubation. Patients were randomly assigned by a blocked randomization to receive 0.2-0.3 mg/kg of etomidate or 1-2 mg/kg of ketamine for intubation. Outcomes were compared with intention-to-treat analysis. The primary objective was to compare the 28-day survival outcomes between etomidate and ketamine. The secondary objectives outcomes were to compare 24-hour and 7-day survival rates, and adverse events after intubation. Results: 260 septic patients were enrolled; 130 patients/ drug arm whose baseline characteristics were well balance at baseline. In the etomidate group, 105 patients (80.8%) were alive at 28 days, as compared with 95 patients (73.1%) in the ketamine group (risk difference [RD], 7.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.5% to 17.9%; P=0.092). There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients who survived at 24 hours (91.5% vs. 96.2%; P=0.097) and survived at 7 days (87.7% vs. 87.7%; P=0.574). A significantly higher proportion of the etomidate group needed a vasopressor within 24 hours after intubation: 43.9% vs. 17.7%, RD, 26.2% (95% CI, 15.4% to 36.9%; P<0.001). Conclusions: In patients with sepsis who needed emergency intubation in the ED, there were no differences in early and late survival rates between etomidate and ketamine. However, etomidate associated with higher risks of early vasopressor needed after intubation. Trial registration: The trial protocol was registered in Thai Clinical Trials Registry (identification number; TCTR20210213001). Registered 13 February 2021 – Retrospectively registered, https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/export/pdf/TCTR20210213001.
Manganese exposure induces cellular aggregates and the accumulation of β-catenin in skin of zebrafish embryos
Authors: Gomes Geyse , Oliveira José Leonardo , Costa Manoel Luis , Mermelstein Claudia , Feitosa Natália Martins
Published: May 2022

The effects of manganese (Mn) toxicity in different organs and tissues in humans and other vertebrates have been studied since the beginning of the last century but most of its cellular effects remain largely unknown. Here we studied the effects of Mn in zebrafish, at the cellular level, due to the transparent nature of zebrafish larvae that enables a powerful analysis under the light microscope. The collection of our results shows that environmental concentrations of 0.5 mg/L affect swimbladder inflation; at concentration of 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L Mn (i) induces alterations in viability, swim bladder, heart, and size of zebrafish larvae, (ii) induces an increase in melanocyte area and the formation of cellular aggregates in the skin, and (iii) induces an accumulation of β-catenin in mesenchymal cells in the caudal fin of zebrafish larvae. Our data suggest that increased levels of Mn induce cell aggregate formation in the skin and the presence of more melanocytes in the zebrafish caudal fin. Interestingly, the adhesion protein β-catenin was activated in mesenchymal cells near the cell aggregates. These results open important new questions on the role of Mn toxicity on cellular organization and β-catenin responses in fishes.
Comparison of executive functions in people with Broca's aphasia and healthy persons
Authors: Irani Dana , Purmohammad Mehdi , Piri Amin
Published: May 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The relationship between TEAD gene family and prognosis, tumor microenvironment and therapeutic target by pan-cancer analysis
Authors: Bai& Ruimin , Wu& Shaobo , Luo Ruiting , Wang Shengbang , Zhang Xiu , Song Liumei , Du Wenqian , He Ke , Ying Tingyi , Lei Hao , Zheng Yan
Published: May 2022

Background
Transcription Enhanced Association Domain (TEAD) transcription factors family involves in many signal transduction pathways, and is necessary for cell proliferation, apoptosis and other vital activities. TEAD1-4 is abnormally expressed in many tumors, and is related to tumor progression, drug resistance, poor prognosis, etc. In this study, we assessed the effect of the TEAD family on pan-cancer.
Methods
We downloaded transcriptome and clinical data from 33 types of TCGA tumor samples and adjacent tissues. Then, the expression characteristics of TEAD family members TEAD1, TEAD2, TEAD3 and TEAD4 in pan-cancer were analyzed. R packet and Cox regression were used to analyze the clinical correlation. In addition, the transcription level of TEAD and immune subtypes, stem cells, immune tumor microenvironment and drug sensitivity were analyzed by multidimensional correlation.
Results
We found the expression of TEAD1-4 was significantly different in various tumors. The survival time of patients with high and low TEAD1-4 gene expression was significantly different. TEAD1-4 was significantly associated with immune-infiltrating subtypes of tumor microenvironment (TME), and was positively correlated with interstitial cell infiltration and tumor cell dryness. The transcriptional expression level of TEAD1-4 was also related to drug response. TEAD may play a role in the sensitivity or resistance of tumor cells to drug therapy, and may serve as a therapeutic target to overcome drug-induced resistance.
Conclusions
Our systematic analysis reveals TEAD gene expression and its relationship with immune invasion, TME, tumor stem cells, drug sensitivity, and prognosis in cancer patients, and it is necessary to study the role of each TEAD family member in specific cancer type. Although further laboratory validation is needed, our study confirms that TEAD family genes are promising therapeutic targets and potential prognostic indicators in cancers.
Characteristics of leachate from refuse transfer stations in rural China
Authors: Xiang Huiming , Cheng Le , Liu Weiye , Wang Saier , Zhang Yi , Su Lianghu , Tan Chaoqun , Li Yuping
Published: May 2022

The properties of leachate from refuse transfer stations (RTSs) in rural China was indefinite. In this study, a total of 14 leachate samples from RTSs in nine provinces of China were characterized for their pH, electric conductivity, chromaticity, concentration of organic substances, nitrogen distribution, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), organic phosphorous pesticide, and heavy metals. The structural composition of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) was also determined. To evaluate the leachate pollution potential in this study, a leachate pollution index (LPI) was derived and used. Chromium (Cr) was the most polluting heavy metal present in rural leachate. Ethanol and ethyl acetate were the most frequently detected VOCs at high concentrations. Three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectra was used to characterize the CDOM. Three components, tryptophan (C1), tyrosine-like (C2), and humic and fulvic acid-like (C3) substances were identified from all 14 samples. Tryptophan was the major component of CDOM and present in 45.7% of the samples by calculating the fluorescence intensity percentage, on average. Pearson correlations revealed that the fluorescence intensity of C1 and C3 was strongly related to soluble chemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen carbon, while C2 had significant positive correlations with ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus of the solid waste. This study provided detailed data and findings that could serve as a preliminary basis for broadening options for the treatment and management of leachate from rural RTSs in China.
Surgical outcomes of gastrectomy in hemodialysis patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Yoshimoto Toshiaki , Yoshikawa Kozo , Nakao Toshihiro , Tokunaga Takuya , Nishi Masaaki , Takasu Chie , Kashihara Hideya , Wada Yuma , Yamashita Shoko , Shimada Mitsuo
Published: May 2022

Background
Hemodialysis (HD) patients have an increased risk of postoperative complications and poor prognosis after surgery. Likewise, frailty, defined as decreased muscle strength and activity, affects prognosis after cancer surgery. We evaluated frailty as a prognostic factor in HD patients undergoing surgery for gastric cancer.
Methods
This study included eight HD patients who underwent radical surgery for gastric cancer (seven stage I, one stage II) from August 2009 to the present and 355 non-HD patients who underwent surgery for stage I or II gastric cancer from 2009 to 2018.
Results
Five-year overall survival (OS) was significantly lower in the HD group than in the control group (43% vs. 86%, respectively; P = .007). However, there was no significant difference in disease-free survival between groups; none of the HD patients died of gastric cancer. Three of the eight HD patients had frailty; those patients had significantly lower OS than the non-frail patients (0% vs. 67%; P = .045). HD, cancer stage, and modified Glasgow prognostic score were independent predictors of OS; HD correlated with the modified Glasgow prognostic score. No postoperative complications occurred among HD patients. Postoperative hospitalization did not significantly differ between groups. Six HD patients underwent reduction surgery with limited lymph node dissection.
Conclusion
No HD patient died of gastric cancer; however, OS was significantly lower among HD patients than among controls. Frailty was a strong prognostic factor among HD patients. Gastrectomy for HD patients is feasible; reduction surgery may be considered for frail patients.
Whole Genome DNA and RNA Sequencing of Whole Blood Elucidates the Genetic Architecture of Gene Expression Underlying a Wide Range of Diseases
Authors: Liu Chunyu , Joehanes Roby , Ma Jiantao , Wang Yuxuan , Sun Xianbang , Keshawarz Amena , Sooda Meera , Huan Tianxiao , Hwang Shih-Jen , Bui Helena , Tejada Brandon , Munson Peter J. , Cumhur Demirkale , Heard-Costa Nancy L. , Pitsillides Achilleas N , Peloso Gina M. , Feolo Michael , Sharopova Nataliya , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Levy Daniel
Published: May 2022

To create a scientific resource of expression quantitative trail loci (eQTL), we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using genotypes obtained from whole genome sequencing (WGS) of DNA and gene expression levels from RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of whole blood in 2622 participants in Framingham Heart Study. We identified 6,778,286 cis-eQTL variant-gene transcript (eGene) pairs at p < 5x10− 8 (2,855,111 unique cis-eQTL variants and 15,982 unique eGenes) and 1,469,754 trans-eQTL variant-eGene pairs at p < 1e-12 (526,056 unique trans-eQTL variants and 7,233 unique eGenes). In addition, 442,379 cis-eQTL variants were associated with expression of 1518 long non-protein coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Gene Ontology (GO) analyses revealed that the top GO terms for cis-eGenes are enriched for immune functions (FDR < 0.05). The cis-eQTL variants are enriched for SNPs reported to be associated with 815 traits in prior GWAS, including cardiovascular disease risk factors. As proof of concept, we used this eQTL resource in conjunction with genetic variants from public GWAS databases in causal inference testing (e.g., COVID-19 severity). After Bonferroni correction, Mendelian randomization analyses identified putative causal associations of 60 eGenes with systolic blood pressure, 13 genes with coronary artery disease, and seven genes with COVID-19 severity. This study created a comprehensive eQTL resource via BioData Catalyst that will be made available to the scientific community. This will advance understanding of the genetic architecture of gene expression underlying a wide range of diseases.
The relationship between high absolute lymphocyte counts and favorable prognosis in eribulin therapy is seen in first-line chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer: Combined analysis of two phase 2 studies
Authors: Kimura Kosei , Takashima Tsutomu , Oku Hiroyo , Ikari Ayana , Tominaga Tomo , Takai Saki , Sakane Junna , Tanaka Michiaki , Kawajiri Hidemi , Kashiwagi Shinichiro , Tokunaga Shinya , Nishimura Shigehiko , Noda Satoru , Iwamoto Mitsuhiko
Published: May 2022

Purpose: While the absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are associated with prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), the influence of previous chemotherapy on blood cell counts may necessitate an evaluation of baseline ALC and NLR in patients receiving first-line chemotherapy. Methods: Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who received first-line eribulin chemotherapy in two phase 2 trials (BIRICHEN and OMC-BC 03) were retrospectively analyzed. HER2-negative MBC patients who received first-line chemotherapy other than eribulin (treatment of physician’s choice; TPC) at the Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital between March 2013 and March 2017 were also analyzed for comparison. Results: In the eribulin group, the median OS (mOS) was 30.9 and 17.8 months in the high-(H-)ALC (≥1500/μL; n=33) and low-(L-)ALC (<1500/μL; n=26) groups, respectively (hazard ratio [HR], 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27-1.01), whereas it was 30.9 months and 15.4 months in the L-NLR (<2.5; n=23) and H-NLR (≥2.5; n = 36) groups, respectively (HR, 0.49; 95% CI: 0.25-0.95). In the TPC group, neither ALC nor NLR was associated with OS or PFS extension. After propensity-score matching, the mOS in the eribulin group was 32.0 and 19.6 months, respectively, in the H- and L-ALC groups (HR, 0.43; 95% CI: 0.18-0.99), while OS in the L- and H-NLR groups showed no significant differences in the eribulin group (HR, 0.65; 95% CI: 0.27-1.58). Conclusions: ALC is a prognostic marker for first-line eribulin chemotherapy, but not for other agents.
Lower expression of NINJ1 (Ninjurin 1), a mediator of plasma membrane rupture, is associated with advanced disease and worse prognosis in serous ovarian cancer
Authors: BERKEL CAGLAR , CACAN Ercan
Published: May 2022

Gasdermin proteins (GSDMs) form pores in cell membranes upon various stimuli, leading to the release of certain proinflammatory molecules such as IL-1β and IL-18, and this ultimately results in pyroptotic cell death. NINJ1 has recently been identified as a cell membrane protein responsible for final complete plasma membrane rupture following lytic cell death mechanisms including pyroptosis, causing the release of relatively larger molecules such as HMGB1 and LDH. In this study, we reported higher GSDMD and lower GSDME protein levels in ovarian tumors compared to surrounding non-malignant stroma. We found that NINJ1 expression decreases from early to late stage in serous ovarian cancer, and the percentage of NINJ1 copy number loss events is the highest in ovarian cancer among other cancers. Moreover, we showed that low expression of NINJ1 is associated with shorter overall survival of patients with ovarian cancer. In support of the findings showing that low NINJ1 expression contributes to worse prognosis in this most lethal gynecological malignancy, NINJ1 expression was found to be lower in cisplatin-resistant cells compared to cisplatin-sensitive ovarian cancer cells in vitro. We suggest that the members of gasdermin family might have distinct functions in serous ovarian cancer, and low levels of NINJ1 might contribute, at least in part, to the progression and poorer prognosis of ovarian cancer. A complete picture of how pyroptosis and subsequent plasma membrane rupture are involved in ovarian cancer will be of high importance in order to identify actionable therapeutic vulnerabilities within this newly identified group of proteins.
Development and validation of lncRNAs–based Nomogram for prognosis prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tang Hong , Zhao Han , Zhao Fei-fei , Xie Min , zhu ying
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer with a poor prognosis. It is critical to develop effective tools for prognosis prediction of HCC and better understand its underlying molecular mechanism. Hence, the aim of this study is to construct a lncRNAs–based nomogram for prognosis prediction of HCC.
RESULTS
The expression data of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) of HCC patients were obtained from TCGA and GEO datasets. Differentially expressed lncRNAs between tumor and normal tissues were conducted in these datasets. A lncRNAs–based nomogram for prognosis prediction was then constructed. CeRNA network and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were also performed to identify significantly enriched genes which share a common biological function or regulation based on our lncRNAs signature. A total of 415 patients were enrolled in this study, including 377 patients from TCGA dataset, 38 patients from GEO dataset (24 patients from GSE115019 and 14 patients from GSE101728). A two lncRNAs signature and lncRNAs–based nomogram was identified in discovery set (HR: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.63–0.91; P < 0.01;C-index = 0.71) and validated in test set (HR: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.30–0.96; P = 0.03;C-index = 0.73). In addition, ceRNA network and lncRNAs associated with pathways, such as metabolic pathways, chemical carcinogenesis, drug metabolism and carbon metabolism were further identified.
CONCLUSIONS
In summary, we constructed a lncRNAs–based nomogram that was a reliable prognostic tool for HCC patients. Additionally, our ceRNA network and GSEA results identified some potential mechanisms which were valuable research issue in future studies on the mechanism of HCC progression.
Evaluation of a protocol combining applications of Ophytrium-based shampoo and mousse in dogs with sensitive, itchy and irritated skin
Authors: Gatellet Marina , Ollivier Elodie , Kesteman Roxane , Fiora Pierre , Groux Daniel , Ilgart Emmanuelle , Jamet Jean-François , Madiot Gilles , Mahé Vincent , Ordeix Laura , Poujol Mikaël , Rosenkrantz Wayne , Wiest Melissa , Yotti Cesar , Blondel Thomas , Zemirline Claudine , De Jaeger Xavier
Published: May 2022

Topical formulations are key when managing skin conditions as they bring ingredients directly to the target organ. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of a protocol combining applications of Ophytrium-based shampoo and mousse (DOUXO® S3 CALM) in atopic dogs presenting with a skin flare. Thirty-four atopic dogs were included in the analysis of this prospective, multicentric European and US field study. Dogs received a shampoo application on D0 then mousse applications every 48–72 hours for three weeks. CADESI-04 scores were assessed by a dermatologist and pruritus by the owners (Pruritus Visual Analogue Scale score (PVAS)) on a weekly basis. On D21, veterinarian and pet owner evaluations were collected through questionnaires. Mean CADESI-04 score decreased significantly from 24.2 on D0 to 11.9 on D21 (49.4% mean improvement, P < 0.001 at all timepoints), and 61.8% of dogs achieved a ≥ 50% decrease of their CADESI-04 score on D21. Mean PVAS scores also decreased significantly between D0 and D21 (30.8% mean improvement, P < 0.001 at all timepoints) and 44.1% of the dogs showed a ≥ 50% PVAS decrease on D21. Veterinarians considered the improvement as satisfactory, good or excellent in 66.7% of cases. Pet owners were satisfied with the performance of the protocol in 72.7% of cases. In conclusion, the protocol combining applications of Ophytrium-based shampoo and mousse resulted in a quick and significant improvement in both skin health and pruritus in atopic dogs presenting with a skin flare with a high level of pet owner satisfaction.
Development and validation of a novel prognostic nomogram for patients with giant cell carcinoma of the lung: a population-based study
Authors: Wang Feng , Han Yi , Gong Chang-fan , Yan Dong-jie , Wang Chong , Liu Yang , Xiao Bo , Liu Shu-ku
Published: May 2022

Background: The objective of this research was to develop a nomogram for predicting the outcome of giant cell carcinoma of the lung (GCCL).Methods: 436 cases of GCCL were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Cases were divided into two cohort: training and validation cohort. Prognosis factors of nomogram were chosen using Cox regression model. The nomogram constructed with the training cohort was subsequently validated by the validation cohort. Harrell's concordance index (C-index), the decision curve analysis (DCA) and calibration curves were used to validate the performance of the nomogram.Results: The survival curves of the OS and cancer-specific survival（CSS）shows that 1-year and 5-year OS of all enrolled cases were 0.316 and 0.163, 1-year and 5-year CSS were 0.407 and 0.262. Age, marital status, site, T stage, N stage, M stage, surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy were used to create the nomogram as independent prognostic variables. The C-index value were 0.774 and 0.765 for the training and validation cohort. The predicted survival probability and the actual survival probability showed a great consistency in calibration curves. The DCA revealed the nomogram had good clinical utility.Conclusions: A nomogram was developed to predict the outcome of patients with GCCL and the validation shows its excellent performance.
Trophic consequences of invasive mrigal carp for native mud carp by comparing the results of intra- and inter-specific competition
Authors: Zhang Yingqiu , Chen Fangcan , Li Yuefei , Li Xinhui , Dai Shouhui , Li Jie
Published: May 2022

Predicting the ecological impacts of invasive species on analogous native species has great significance for native population conservation. We tested how the strength of interspecific competition from a coexisting invasive species varies with abundance and how this compares with intraspecific competition. The model species was the native mud carp, and the coexisting invasive species was mrigal carp. The replicated mesocosm used each species in an allopatric control (n = 10), in intraspecific competition treatments (n = 20, 30), in a sympatric control (n = 5 for both species) and in interspecific competition treatments (n = 10, 15, 20 for both species). The treatment effects were the specific growth rate (SGR), position and size of trophic (isotopic) niches. Compared to mrigal carp, mud carp had a significantly lower survival rate (median: 0.8) and SGR. The mud carp SGR significantly decreased when the con- and inter-specific densities increased, showing a density dependence, but there was no significant difference between intra- and inter-specific competition. Compared to intraspecific competition in which mud carp expanded their niche, the presence of mrigal carp drove the mud carp trophic niche toward broader sizes at lower trophic positions, but intensified interspecific competition drove the mud carp trophic niche toward constriction. Both mud carp and mrigal carp expanded their niches in invaded communities, and their niches overlapped with each other. Their niche expansions implied plasticity in resource utilization. These results also suggested a complexity in how ilyophagous invasive species integrate into food webs and alter their structure.
Relationship between sarcopenia/paravertebral muscles and the incidence of vertebral refractures following percutaneous kyphoplasty: A retrospective study
Authors: Chen Qi , Lei Chenyang , Zhao Tingxiao , Dai Zhanqiu , Zhang Jun , Jin Yongming , xia Chen
Published: May 2022

Background
This study aimed to reveal the associations of osteoporotic vertebral compression refracture (OVCRF) incidence with sarcopenia and paravertebral muscles (PVM).
Methods
A total of 214 elderly patients who underwent percutaneous kyphoplasty in our hospital between January 2017 and December 2019 were analyzed. Data on possible risk factors, including sex, age, weight, height, diabetes, treated vertebral levels (thoracolumbar junction [(T10–L2]), vacuum clefts, and body mass index (BMI), were collected. Preoperative bone mineral density (BMD) and appendicular muscle mass were evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to evaluate the physiological cross-sectional area of the PVM.
Results
Overall, 74 (15 men and 59 women) and 60 (55 women and 14 men) patients developed OVCRF and sarcopenia, respectively. Patients with sarcopenia tended to be older and had lower BMD and BMI values. Sarcopenia-related indicators (PVM fat rate, appendicular muscle mass index, grip strength) were significantly lower in the sarcopenia group. Univariate analysis showed a correlation between OVCRF and BMD, BMI, diabetes, sarcopenia, and age. Multivariate analysis suggested that fatty infiltration of the PVM, BMD, sarcopenia, diabetes, BMI, and treated vertebral level remained as the independent predictors of OVCRF (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The association between sarcopenia and PVM as independent risk factors for OVCRF was established in this study; therefore, sarcopenia should be greatly considered in OVCRF prevention.
Asparagus racemosus aqueous extract improves seminal antioxidant status and sperm characteristics in buck semen at refrigeration temperature
Authors: gangwar chetna , Kumar Ashok , Mishra Anil Kumar , Kharche S.D. , Swaroop Kamendra , Pourouchttmane R , Goel Rakesh , Singh Shriprakash
Published: May 2022

During semen preservation, with the passage of time, there is decrease in fertilization rate or conception rate. The decrease occurs due to the gradual deterioration of semen quality. Hence, the investigation was planned to evaluate the effect of Asparagus racemosus aqueous extract on buck semen quality during preservation. In the current study, 8 ejaculates from 8 Jakhrana bucks were collected (total 64 ejaculates). Good quality semen samples were pooled during each collection. Pooled semen samples were then divided into 4 equal parts, and diluted in TRIS buffer containing different concentration of Shatavari aqueous extract (Different groups, i.e., G I -500 mg, G II-250 mg, G III-125 mg, G IV-0 mg of Shatavari aqueous extract in 100 ml TRIS Buffer). All the diluted semen samples were kept at refrigerated temperature (5ºC) for seven days, and on each day diluted semen was evaluated for various sperm characteristics and antioxidant status. Shatavari aqueous extract exhibited significant (P < 0.05) enhancement in sperm viability, sperm motility, acrosomal integrity and plasma membrane integrity, whereas it reduced the sperm abnormality. G III (125mg Shatavari extract/100ml TRIS buffer) showed significantly (P < 0.05) better results in terms of sperm viability, sperm motility, acrosomal integrity and plasma membrane integrity. Along with this the longevity of sperm was also enhanced in Shatavari supplemented group.
The Cellulose Regeneration in Imidazolium-based Ionic Liquids and Anti-solvents Mixtures: A DFT study
Authors: Fu Lanlan , Ju Zhaoyang , Yu Mengting , Luo Huaying , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Ximing , Cheng Haixiang , Zheng Minjia , Ge Chengsheng
Published: May 2022

Cellulose can be dissolved in ionic liquids (ILs) and it can be recovered by adding anti-solvent such as water or alcohol. Besides, the regenerated cellulose can be used for textiles, degradable membranes, hydrogels/aerogels, etc. But the regenerated mechanism of cellulose remains ambiguous. In this work, a Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation is reported for the cellulose regeneration from a cellulose/1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (BmimOAc)/water mixture. To investigate the microcosmic effects of the anti-solvents, we analyzed the structures and H-bonds of BmimOAc-nH2O and cellobiose-ILs-nH2O (n = 0–6) clusters. It can be found that when n ≥ 5 in the BmimOAc-nH2O clusters, the solvent-separated ion pairs (SIPs) play a dominant position in the system. With the increasing numbers of water molecules, the cation-anion interaction can be separated by water to reduce the effects of ILs on cellulose dissolution. Furthermore, the BmimOAc-nH2O and cellobiose-ILs (n = 0–6) clusters tend to be a more stable structure with high hydration in an aqueous solution. When the water molecules were added to the system, H-bonds can be formed among H2O, the hydroxyl of cellulose, and the oxygen of OAc. Therefore, the interactions between cellobiose and ILs will be decreased to promote cellulose regeneration. This work would provide some help to understand the mechanism of the cellulose regeneration from the view of theoretical calculation.
An acute, blinded, randomised cross-over design intervention to compare beef, lamb and a meat analogue on digestive, metabolic and nutritional outcomes
Authors: Braakhuis Andrea , Cameron-Smith David , Pham Toan , Knowles Scott , Kaur Lovedeep , Bermingham Emma
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPlant-based analogues and substitutes for animal meat are receiving considerable attention within academia and the popular press. Once a niche product aimed at vegetarians, they are increasingly promoted to omnivores and meat-moderating “flexitarians”. Proponents view these new foods as a means of reducing livestock production and improving the environment, whilst industry sees opportunity to repurpose traditional and novel crops into high-value ingredients. To date, most research on meat alternatives has focused on public perception, processing technologies, hedonics and the consumer acceptability issues that underpin product development. There have been surprisingly few investigations into the nutritional, health and well-being consequences of consuming meat analogues over the short- or long term. The aim of our current trial is to consider the digestion, absorption and utilisation of a meat-analogue meal in Millennial consumers and compare that to matched meals featuring pasture-raised or grain-finished beef.MethodsA cohort of healthy, young (20-34 yrs) male participants will consume a single meal on three occasions in a treatment-crossover, blinded investigation. Each instance will be followed by five hours of repeated venous blood collection to assess the digestive and metabolic effects of the meal. The three meals include a popular commercial meat analogue comprising pea, bean and rice extracts plus plant fats and cellulose, or a beef patty from pasture-raised cattle or grain-fed cattle. Samples of the participants’ blood plasma will be measured for changes in amino acid profile, neurotransmitter proteins, chylomicron fatty acid distribution and biomarkers of general health.DiscussionTo our knowledge this is the first randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing the acute nutritional effects of iso-caloric, blinded meals containing a plant-based meat analogue or pasture-fed- or grain-finished beef. The study provides proof of principle for only the effects of a single meal. Future work will translate these insights into longer-term, lifestyle interventions.Trial Registration This study, registered as Universal trial number: U1111-1244-9426. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04545398 will be carried out under the auspices of The University of Auckland. The trial has been granted ethical approval by the Ministry of Health, Health and Disability Ethics Committee (Ref: 19/STH/226). Date and version: 9/05/22, version 1
Role of reactive oxygen species in lesion mimic formation, and resistance to F. graminearum in barley lesion mimic mutant 5386
Authors: Hao Qunqun , Zhang Jifa , Guo Fenxia , Wang Yuhui , Li Wankun , Di Yindi , Ni Fei , Fu Daolin , Wang Wei , Wang Wenqiang
Published: May 2022

This study investigated barley lesion mimic mutant (LMM) 5386, it exhibited a leaf brown spot phenotype and conferred basal resistance to F. graminearum. RNA-seq analysis identified 1453 differentially expressed genes in LMM 5368 compared to those in the wild type. GO and KEGG functional annotations suggested that lesion mimic formation was mediated by pathways involving oxidation-reduction and glutathione metabolism. In addition, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in brown spots was substantially higher in LMM 5368. Antioxidant competence, as indicated by ROS accumulation, was significantly lower in LMM 5368. Further, the reduction of glycine in LMM 5386 inhibited glutathione biosynthesis. These results suggest that the decrease in antioxidant competence and glutathione caused the accumulation of large amounts of ROS and thus led to programmed cell death in leaves of LMM 5386, which eventually reduced the yield components in LMM 5386.
Splenic artery aneurysm management with detachable-coil embolization moderate packing.
Authors: Dinoto Ettore , Mirabella Domenico , Lachat Mario , Dolce Anita , Tortomasi Graziella , Urso Francesca , Marca Manfredi , Ferlito Francesca , Pecoraro Felice
Published: May 2022

Splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) management is various but endovascular solutions are preferred for a lower incidence of mortality and morbidity. The aim is to report SAA management using moderate packing of detachable coil embolization without routine splenectomy. From January 2017 to February 2020, we retrospectively analyzed patients presenting SAA and treated by moderate packing detachable coil embolization. SAA treatment indications were transverse diameter >2 cm, any size pseudoaneurysm, any size women in childbearing age and abdominal symptoms. The measured outcomes were technical success; mortality, morbidity, abdominal symptoms onset, and splenic infarction. Median follow-up was 34.77±9 months. Seven patients (median transverse diameter of 23±20 mm) were included. Technical success was achieved in all cases. No early mortality, abdominal pain onset or recurrence, reintervention, or splenic infarction was registered. Detachable coil moderate packing embolization is safe and effective for SAA management. The moderate coil packing maintained a limited splenic vascularization in the early period and avoided splenic infarction. During the follow-up, the coil embolization allowed SAA exclusion with no SAA growth. Larger patient samples with longer follow-up are required to validate this technique.
Integrated analysis for identification of key immune related genes and patterns of immune infiltration in calcified aortic valvular disease
Authors: Wu Li-Da , Xiao Feng , Sun Jin-Yu , Li Feng , Chen Yu-Jia , Chen Jia-Yi , Zhang Jie , Qian Ling-Ling , Wang Ru-Xing
Published: May 2022

Background: As the most prevalent valvular heart disease, calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) has become a primary cause of aortic valve stenosis and a major health problem. We aimed to illustrate roles of immune related genes (IRGs) and immune infiltration in pathogenesis of CAVD.Methods: We used Integrative meta-analysis of expression data (INMEX) to incorporate multiple gene expression datasets related to CAVD. By matching the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) to IRGs from ImmPort database, differentially expressed immune related genes (DEIRGs) were screened out. Biological functional enrichment analysis were conducted based on GO database, KEGG database, DisGeNET database and TRRUST database. Then, we constructed protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and identified the key DEIRGs of CAVD according to the mixed character calculation results. Moreover, CIBERSORT was performed to explore the patterns of immune cells infiltration in CAVD. Finally, using Spearman method, correlation analysis between key IRGs and infiltrating immune cells was conducted.Results: 220 DEIRGs were identified, and the enrichment analysis of DEIRGs showed that they were significantly enriched in inflammatory responses. PPI network was constructed based on DEIRGs and PTPN11, GRB2, SYK, PTPN6 and SHC1 were identified as key IRGs. Compared with normal aortic valve tissue samples, the proportion of neutrophils, T cells CD4 memory activated and macrophages M0 was significantly elevated in calcified aortic valves tissue samples, as well as reduced infiltration of monocytes and NK cells activated. Furthermore, IRGs identified in the present study, including PTPN11, GRB2, PTPN6, SYK, and SHC1, was significantly correlated with the infiltration of various immune cells.Conclusions: This study suggested that PTPN11, GRB2, PTPN6, SYK, and SHC1 might be key IRGs associated with immune infiltration, which play a pivotal role in pathogenesis of CAVD.
Prediction of Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer with Microsatellite Instability
Authors: Duval Alex , Ratovomanana Toky , Nicolle Remy , Cohen Romain , Diehl Aurélien , Siret Aurélie , Letourneur Quentin , Buhard Olivier , Perrier Alexandre , Guillerm Erell , Coulet Florence , Colle Raphaël , Collura Ada , Despras Emmanuelle , Rouzic Philippe Le , Renaud Florence , Alentorn Agusti , Touat Mehdi , Ayadi Mira , Bourgoin Pierre , Prunier Celine , Jonchère Vincent , Bennouna Jaafar , de Reynies Aurélien , Fléjou Jean-François , Svrcek Magali , André Thierry
Published: May 2022

Tumors with microsatellite instability (MSI) represent a paradigm for the success of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based immunotherapy, particularly in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). To date however, tools for predicting efficacy of these new therapies are lacking. Here we combined high-throughput DNA and RNA sequencing of tumors from 117 patients with MSI mCRC treated with anti-PD-1 +/- anti-CTLA-4 and enrolled into two cohorts, i.e., the NIPICOL clinical trial (NCT03350126) and the ImmunoMSI prospective cohort that were used as discovery and validation cohorts in this ancillary study, respectively. All analyses based on previously suggested DNA/RNA biomarkers of resistance failed to identify robust predictors of treatment response in patients, e.g., the level of MSI, mutational burden, the presence of specific somatic DNA variants as assessed by exome-sequencing and the activity of canonical signaling pathways or the presence of specific cellular contingents within the tumor bulk as estimated by RNA-sequencing. By contrast, resistance to ICI was found to depend both on a small subset of somatic DNA variants located in microsatellite-containing genes with very diverse biological functions and the expression of a stromal-oriented RNA component. Testing of these predictors in 5 large additional independent retrospective and prospective cohorts (IDEA and MOSAIC clinical trials) regrouping 446 patients with nonmetastatic or metastatic MSI CRC untreated with ICI allowed us to validate the specificity of the predictive nature of these indicators regarding ICI-treated MSI mCRC patients. The use of these DNA/RNA predictors will help to refine the ICI-based precision therapy of patients with metastatic MSI mCRC.
Differential gene expression analysis on workers exposed to pesticides: Genetic damage and cancer susceptibility.
Authors: Oliveira Fábio Morato , Passos Caio Fernando Oliveira Pereira , Campos Hellen Miranda , Sampaio Gabriella Leite , Hirata Leandro , Santos Wagner Gouvea dos , Neto Fermino Sanches , Villela Edlaine Faria de Moura
Published: May 2022

We performed aurora kinase gene expression analysis, in combinations with FISH and micronucleus test, in buccal mucosa cells isolated from agricultural workers to better understand the dynamics of genomic instability in these group of professionals. Two out of a total of 97 agricultural workers who consented to participate in the study (39 men and 58 women) reported a history of cancer based on previously applied questionnaire. The participants were 28.4 years in average and were categorized into three distinct groups based on their habits. as the “not exposed” group included 24 samples analyzed. The group classified as “indirectly exposed” consisted of 21 samples and those classified as “directly exposed” regarding their activities involved in pesticides preparation/application included 52 samples. Our results showed significant differences in the expression of AURKA and AURKB, among the groups (p < 0,0001). The differences found were also confirmed FISH analysis, evidencing the amplification of the studied genes. To support our data, we also performed micronucleus analysis and found significant differences when comparing the three distinct groups of participants, even if some individuals not directly exposed to pesticides showed cells abnormalities. The results suggest possible ongoing DNA damage, which on a temporal scale could promote genomic instability, and ultimately, tumor development. We believe that biomonitoring strategies, including the analysis of the expression levels of the AURKA and AURKB genes may provide important insights into the evolution of genomic instability in the cells of agricultural workers exposed to pesticides.
Assessing Readiness for Teaching and Learning Using Icts in Zimbabwean Secondary Schools in Gweru Distrct, Zimbabwe
Authors: Kangara Colletor Tendeukai Chipfumbu , Gocha Munyaradzi , Tsokota Theo , Marovah Tendayi
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this research paper is to evaluate Zimbabwe’s readiness to integrate ICTs in teaching and learning at secondary school level. Drawing on Suhail (2014) E-readiness Assessment Model for low bandwidth environment, this research paper evaluates Zimbabwe’s readiness to integrate ICTs in secondary schools. A qualitative interpretative study employing questionnaires and semi structured interviews was used for this research. The target population was fourteen secondary schools in Gweru district focusing on school heads (n = 14) and teachers (n = 213) as participants. The sample was derived from six schools where six school heads (n = 6) and twenty-nine teachers (n = 29) were purposively selected. Research findings revealed that a range of ICTs which include mobile devices, general software and desktop computers were available in schools. However, few schools were connected to the internet and most schools did not have smart boards, printers, photocopiers and multimedia projectors. No school had facilities for student’s email accounts while teachers email accounts were mostly unavailable in schools. Teachers lack computer skills qualifications though they are expected to use computers and to teach using computers. The research provides empirically grounded insights on how ICT is being integrated in Zimbabwean secondary schools. The research contributes to the body of knowledge in the field of ICT readiness in developing countries settings such as Zimbabwe. Consequently, insights gained from this research can assist in the design and development of strategies, interventions as well as policies to guide the integration of ICT in schools