bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progresión de los determinantes de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción-Paraguay
Authors: Ortiz Galeano Ignacio , Chirico Achinelli César , Brizuela Marta Gloria , Cárdenas Myrian Graciela , Rivas Myrian Elizabeth , Rodríguez Riveros María Isabel , Velázquez Gladys Raquel
Published: April 2022

Los factores de riesgo cardiovascular empiezan a edad temprana de la vida y causan morbimortalidad prematura. Se evaluó la progresión de hipertensión arterial y de otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular en estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción- Paraguay. Estudio descriptivo en el que se compararon dos mediciones transversales (año 2013 y 2017). Se estudió a 284 universitarios al inicio y a 240 al final de las carreras. Se midieron variables sociodemográficas, antropométricas, presión arterial, determinaciones bioquímicas, consumo de alcohol y tabaco. La presión arterial se clasificó según el Séptimo informe del Comité Nacional para la Prevención, Detección, Evaluación y Tratamiento de la Hipertensión arterial. Se aplicó la prueba t-Student para variables continuas y Chi cuadrado para variables categóricas y regresión logística para asociación entre hipertensión y factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Se encontró hipertensión en el grupo año 2013 en 6,7% (IC del 95%:3,4-10%) de los estudiantes y en el grupo año 2017 en 21,2% (IC del 95%:17,8-24,6%) de los estudiantes (p= <0,001). En hombres se encontró aumento de la tendencia de c-HDL disminuido, triglicéridos aumentados, consumo de alcohol y en el índice de resistencia a la insulina (p<0,05), y en mujeres aumento del consumo de alcohol, del hábito sedentario y del índice de resistencia a la insulina (p < 0,05). Había una asociación de la hipertensión con la circunferencia abdominal aumentada (OR: 15,7; IC del 95%: 4,6-53,5; p=<0,001). Se encontró aumento de la tendencia de la presión arterial y de otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular en universitarios.
Relación entre la ansiedad y la depresión con los parámetros de adecuación de la diálisis: un estudio exploratorio en Paraguay
Authors: Vázquez-Jiménez Lourdes Carolina , Almirón-Santacruz José , Barrios Iván , Castaldelli-Maia João Mauricio , Ventriglio Antonio , Torales Julio
Published: April 2022

Los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica pueden presentar depresión y ansiedad, lo que podría dificultar el manejo de la patología renal. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la relación entre ansiedad, depresión y los parámetros de adecuación de la diálisis. Este fue un estudio observacional, descriptivo de asociación cruzada, de corte transverso, temporalmente prospectivo, y de carácter exploratorio. Se midieron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas, psicopatológicas (ansiedad y depresión, a través de Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) y de adecuación a la diálisis (depuración tiempo/volumen, Kt/V; porcentaje de reducción de la urea, PRU; recirculación del acceso vascular, calcio, fósforo, producto calcio por fósforo, hemoglobina y hematocrito). Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, además de chi cuadrado, t de Student y ANOVA de un factor, según sea el caso, para buscar asociaciones. La significancia estadística quedó establecida en p<0,005. 46 pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio, 61 % eran hombres. El 13 % calificó como un problema clínico de ansiedad y el 6,5 % como uno de depresión. La ansiedad se relacionó con los valores del hematocrito (p<0,05), mientras que la depresión se relacionó con el hematocrito y la hemoglobina (p<0,05). Se encontró relación entre el sexo femenino y la presencia de ansiedad (p<0,05). No se encontraron asociaciones entre psicopatología y otros parámetros de adecuación de la diálisis. Esta investigación, al ser la primera de su tipo en el país, permite abrir posibilidades de investigación futuras, que puedan profundizar en la salud mental de los pacientes con enfermedad renal.
Future Health Spending in Latin America and the Caribbean: Health Expenditure Projections & Scenario Analysis
Authors: Rao Krishna D. , Vecino Ortiz Andres Ignacio , Roberton Tim , Lopez Hernandez Angélica , Noonan Caitlin
Published: April 2022

Latin American and Caribbean countries will face significant increases in future health expenditures. A variety of factors are responsible - population growth and aging, the epidemiological transition to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and economic growth and technology, among others. Increasing health expenditures are particularly concerning to countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) given growing levels of debt, insufficient fiscal revenues, and high out-of-pocket payments. The projected average annual per capita CHE growth rate from 2018-2050 is slightly higher in Latin American countries (3.2%) than in the Caribbean (2.4%). The share of health expenditure in GDP is projected to increase to 2030 in all LAC countries except for Guyana. The effect of demographics and epidemiology on health spending growth are more modest. Among strategies to control NCD risk factors, a focus on hypertension control generally had the strongest effect on restraining CHE growth except in countries where smoking is particularly prevalent. The main driver of health expenditure growth is economic growth and technology, demonstrating the importance of adopting policies such as explicit prioritization systems and benefit plans that establish common rules for payers and providers that encourage cost-effective decisions. The underlying model for making projections and analyzing alternative scenarios is publicly available.
Social (Im)mobility in Low-skilled and Low-wage Immigrant Niches
Authors: Slettebak Marie Holm , Rye Johan Fredrik
Published: April 2022

In the last two decades, many labor migrants have arrived in the Nordic countries where they concentrate in certain low-wage and low-skilled jobs – immigrant niches. The article analyzes the scope of social (im)mobility in terms of occupational careers, income change, and job stability for native and foreign-born workers in immigrant niches in the low-skilled and low-wage section of the labor market. The case study is Norway’s fish processing industry, where labor immigrants from Central and Eastern Europe have largely replaced Norwegian-born workers in manual jobs since 2004 and now dominate the workplace alongside a smaller number of non-Western immigrant workers. The article uses full population register data (n = 4164, Microdata.no) to analyze differences in workers’ social trajectories between 2009 and 2018. Results show significant variation between workers: Norwegian-born (non-immigrant) workers appear to have greater upward social mobility than EU11 immigrant workers, who in turn do better than non-Western immigrant workers.
Gramsci and the Graphic Novel: Gramsci’s literary criticism as a form of commemoration in 'Cena con Gramsci' by Elettra Stamboulis and Gianluca Costantini
Authors: Gloudemans Rachelle
Published: April 2022

Gramsci nel graphic novelLa critica letteraria gramsciana come forma di memoria in Cena con Gramsci di Elettra Stamboulis e Gianluca CostantiniIn seguito alla crisi del comunismo e al diffondersi del revisionismo storico dagli anni Novanta in poi, Gramsci è diventato in Italia una figura chiave nel dibattito sulla ‘memoria divisa’. L’avvio di tale dibattito in Italia, a sua volta, si è trovato a coincidere con quello sul New Italian Epic e con l’introduzione del graphic novel come forma letteraria che mette in discussione i limiti della letteratura tradizionalmente intesa. Nella presente ricerca si esplora la correlazione fra i tre fenomeni attraverso l’analisi della rappresentazione della critica letteraria gramsciana in Cena con Gramsci (2012). Nella prima parte si ipotizza che questo graphic novel scritto da Elettra Stamboulis e disegnato da Gianluca Costantini presenti un’allegoria metastorica in cui Gramsci stesso − prima oppresso dal fascismo e dopo dal revisionismo storico − è rappresentato come oggetto dell’egemonia culturale. Nella seconda parte si analizzano invece le strategie narrative attraverso cui Cena con Gramsci entra in dialogo con la critica letteraria gramsciana sull’interdipendenza fra contenuto e forma, proponendo il genere del graphic novel come forma in grado di rispondere alle dinamiche socio-politiche che interessano l’Italia contemporanea. Si conclude che, grazie alla riscrittura di questi concetti della teoria gramsciana, il graphic novel di Stamboulis e Costantini può essere considerato un atto di memoria metariflessiva che critica il revisionismo storico e, nello stesso tempo, crea uno spazio culturale per la commemorazione di una figura a lungo rimasta in ombra.
Sara Kidina in Buton: The Perspective of History, Culture and Quality of Life
Authors: Laxmi Laxmi , Shri Ahimsa Putra Heddy , Setiadi Setiadi , Alamsyah Mansyur Firman , Ode Abdul Munafi La , Udu Sumiman
Published: April 2022

This article aimed to explain the existence of ‘Sara Kidina’, a traditional institution that has survived to this day in Buton. Sara Kidina means a government or small institution that deals with legal and religious issues. This study used a descriptive qualitative model. Data were collected through a literature search and in-depth interviews with key informants. According to the results, the Sara Kidina institution has survived for approximately 423 years. Since its formation during the reign of the fourth Sultan of Buton, DayanuIkhsanuddin, Sara Kidina’s duties and functions have not significantly changed, even though the Buton sultanate system has ended. Sara Kidina functions to take care of the Butonese people, both now and in the hereafter. In carrying out these customary, legal and religious processions, Sara Kidina has an organizational structure with assigned duties. During the Sultanate of Buton, four Bhisa were included in the Sara Kidina structure because of their extensive knowledge of legal, religious and mysticism issues. At present, Sara Kidina is still functioning well in serving the needs of the community. This shows the strong influence of these institutions in the social and cultural life of the Butonese people. Therefore, government policy alignments are expected to support the existence of the Sara Kidina institution.
Keywords: institutional existence, Sara Kidina, History, Buton culture, quality of life
Development of an algorithmic method for improving the landing safety of a damaged heavy transport aircraft
Authors: Kostiukov V.M. , Tran V.C. , Nguyen N.M.
Published: April 2022

The use of modern computer technology in the development of new aircraft contributes to the improvement of their characteristics in terms of flight safety due to more advanced information processing algorithms that ensure the identification of dangerous (emergency) aircraft motion modes. The detected violations in the operation of the equipment make it possible to change the algorithm for generating control actions on board. In order to identify a failure, it is proposed to use a correlation algorithm, for the implementation of which an algorithm has been developed for generating databases according to the quantitative characteristics of the development of failures in the form of Z-transfer functions. The redesign of the control algorithm is carried out in the form of implementing the Euler—Lagrange optimality conditions, where the control function iteration method is used.
АНАЛИЗ МЕТОДОВ РАСЧЕТА ТЕПЛООТДАЧИ МЕЖДУ ХЛАДОНОСИТЕЛЕМ В ЗАМОРАЖИВАЮЩЕЙ КОЛОНКЕ И ОКРУЖАЮЩИМИ ПОРОДАМИ
Authors: Семин Михаил Александрович , Головатый Иван Иванович , Бородавкин Дмитрий Алексеевич
Published: April 2022

Ссылка для цитирования: Семин М.А., Головатый И.И., Бородавкин Д.А. Анализ методов расчета теплоотдачи между хладоносителем в замораживающей колонке и окружающими породами // Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов. – 2022. – Т. 333. – № 3. – С. 154-163.

Актуальность исследования обусловлена высокой востребованностью способа искусственного замораживания горных пород при проходке вертикальных шахтных стволов. Анализ методов расчета теплоотдачи от породного массива к рассолу в замораживающих колонках позволит определить пути дальнейшего совершенствования методик расчета теплоотдачи. Результаты исследований окажутся востребованы при проектировании ледопородных ограждений шахтных стволов. Цель: выполнить анализ существующих методов расчета теплоотдачи между хладоносителем в замораживающей колонке и окружающими породами, определить основные пути дальнейшего совершенствования методов расчета теплоотдачи в условиях коаксиальных замораживающих колонок. Объекты: система «рассол – замораживающая колонка – замораживаемый породный массив». Методы: сравнительный анализ существующих методов расчета теплоотдачи, численное моделирование в программном комплексе Ansys Fluent. Результаты. Проведен сравнительный анализ существующих подходов и методов расчета коэффициента теплоотдачи через стенку замораживающей колонки между движущимся по ней рассолом (хладоносителем) и замораживаемым породным массивом. Описаны причины рассогласования результатов при использовании различных методов расчета теплоотдачи. Проведен сравнительный анализ коэффициентов теплоотдачи, полученных по различным методам расчета, а также в результате численного трехмерного моделирования течения рассола. Показаны недостатки существующих методов расчета теплоотдачи и определены основные пути дальнейшего совершенствования методов расчета теплоотдачи в условиях коаксиальных замораживающих колонок: учет теплообмена между прямым и обратным потоками рассола в замораживающий колонках, анализ влияния неустановившихся полей скорости и температуры в обратном потоке рассола на начальном участке замораживающей колонки (вблизи башмака колонки), анализ чувствительности величины коэффициента теплоотдачи к отклонению от соосности питающей и замораживающих труб.
The Third December Socio-Political Readings "How Are You, Russia?". Pandemic Challenges, Parliamentary Elections and a Strategic Agenda for Society and the State: Materials of A Scientific-Practical Conference (Moscow, December 24, 2021)
Authors:   Institute of Socio-Political Research of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPR FCTAS RAS). Moscow, Russia, Levashov Viktor K.
Published: April 2022

В сборнике представлены материалы III Декабрьских социально-политических Чтений «“Как живёшь, Россия?”: Вызовы пандемии, парламентские выборы и стратегическая повестка дня для общества и государства”». Всероссийская научно-практическая конференция с международным участием была организована Институтом социально-политических исследований (ИСПИ) Федерального научно-исследовательского социологического центра РАН. Мероприятие состоялось в декабре 2021 г. в очно-дистанционном формате. В Чтениях приняли участие ведущие учёные и молодые исследователи московских и региональных научных институтов и высших учебных заведений, а также зарубежные учёные. В докладах проанализированы актуальные социальные, социально-политические, социокультурные, демографические проблемы, находящиеся в центре внимания исследователей, политиков, предпринимателей, гражданского общества. Сборник адресован исследователям, аналитикам, преподавателям, аспирантам, студентам, специализирующимся на изучении социально-политических, социально-экономических, социально-демографических и социально-культурных процессов.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN SIMULASI PHET DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Arifin Mohammad Muhsin , Prastowo Srihandono Budi , Harijanto Alex
Published: April 2022

This research is a type of descriptive research. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of using PhET simulation in online learning on temperature and heat material based on student learning outcomes. The level of student effectiveness can be known through the results of the Pre-test and Post-test. PhET simulation is a virtual laboratory simulation covering physics, chemistry, mathematics, earth science, and biology. Furthermore, this research was carried out at SMAN 2 Jember from 3 - 6 January 2022 in the even semester of the 2021/2022 academic year. The population in this study were students of class XI IPA SMAN 2 Jember. Prior to sampling, homogeneity test was carried out with the help of the SPSS program. This homogeneity test is used to determine whether the sample data is obtained from a population with homogeneous variance or not. Data on the effectiveness of using PhET simulation in online learning on temperature and heat materials were obtained from test results. it is known that the N-gain score obtained is 0.669. So it can be concluded that the effectiveness of using PhET simulation in online learning on temperature and heat material is in the medium category. Student learning outcomes also increased compared to before using the PhET simulation. Meanwhile, students admitted that they were enthusiastic and not bored so that it was easier for students to understand the material taught by the teacher.

 

Keywords: effectiveness, PhET simulation, student outcomes, pretest-postest.
Pewarnaan Titik Ketakteraturan Lokal Inklusif pada Keluarga Graf Unicyclic
Authors: Kristiana Arika Indah , Halim Muhammad Gufronil , Adawiyah R
Published: April 2022

The graph in this paper is a simple and connected graph with V(G) is vertex set and  E(G) is edge set. An inklusif local irregularity vertex coloring is defined should be maping l:V(G) à {1,2,…, k} as vertex labeling and wi : V(G) à N is function of inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring, with wi(v) = l(v) + ∑u∈N(v) l(u) in other words, an inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring is to assign a color to the graph with the resulting weight value by adding up the labels of the vertices that are should be neighboring to its own label. The minimum number of colors produced from inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring of graph G is called inclusive chromatic number local irregularity, denoted by Xlisi(G). Should be in this paper, we learn about the inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring and determine the chromatic number on unicyclic graphs.
Pembentukan Model Pohon Keputusan pada Database Car Evaluation Menggunakan Statistik Chi-Square
Authors: Maharesi Retno
Published: April 2022

The study discusses problems related to the formation of a decision tree based on a collection of evaluation data records obtained from a number of car buyers. This secondary data was obtained from the UCL machine learning website. The purpose of this research is to produce a prototype algorithm for obtaining an inductive decision tree based on Chi-square statistics. An inductive decision tree formation method based on the Chi-square contingency test was compared with a decision tree obtained using a machine learning algorithm which was done using RapidMiner5 software. The work to produce an inductive decision tree was carried out by first processing data using Microsoft excel and next processed using SPSS software, on the crosstabs descriptive menu. The results of the two methods provide some kind of similar rules, in terms of the order of priority of the variables that most influencing people's decision to accept an automotive product. The formation of the decision tree uses a random sampling of size 300 data records among 1729 respondent data records in the car evaluation database. The resulting decision tree should have a minimal structure like a binary tree. This is possible because its formation is based on the statistical inferential method, so it does not require a separate pruning process as an addition step in the C4.5 algorithm, which actually this algorithm also considers aspects of the statistical significance.
Penerapan Seagulls Optimization Algorithm untuk Menyelesaikan Open Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Rahman Laula Ika Setya , Pratiwi Asri Bekti , Suprajitno Herry
Published: April 2022

This paper aims to solve the problem of Open Vehicle Routing Problem using Seagulls Optimization Algorithm. Open Vehicle Routing Problem (OVRP) is a variation of Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) which will not return to the depot after visiting the last customer, is different from VRP which requires the vehicle to return to the depot because the company have insufficient number of vehicles for the distribution of products to customers so they must to rent vehicles and this OVRP aims to minimize the total cost of distributing products with the shortest optimal distance to meet the demands of each customer with private vehicles and rental vehicles. Seagulls Optimization Algorithm (SOA) is the algorithm inspired by the behaviour of seagulls in migrating and ways of attacking the pray of seagulls in nature. In general, the process begins with generating the initial position, evaluating the objective function, the migration process, the attacking process to get a new position, compare the objective function for the new position and the old position, update the position and save the best seagulls in each iteration until the maximum iteration is met. The program used to complete OVRP with Seagulls Optimization Algorithm is Borland C++ and implemented using 3 case examples, small data with 18 customers, medium data 50 customers and large data 100 customers. Based on the implementation results, it can be concluded that the higher number of seagulls, iterations and the smaller the control variable value tend to effect minimum cost gained.
The Super- and Sub-Rotation of Barotropic Atmospheres on a Rotating Planet
Authors:   Department of Mathematical Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Lim C. C.
Published: April 2022

A statistical mechanics canonical spherical energy-enstrophy theory of the superrotation phenomenon in a quasi-2D barotropic fluid coupled by inviscid topographic torque to a rotating solid body is solved in closed form in Fourier space, with inputs on the value of the energy to enstrophy quotient of the fluid, and two planetary parameters — the radius of the planet and its rate and the axis of spin. This allows calculations that predict the following physical consequences: (A) two critical points associated with the condensation of high and low energy (resp.) states in the form of distinct superrotating and subrotating (resp.) solid-body flows, (B) only solid-body flows having wavenumbers $l=1$, $m=0$ — tiltless rotations — are excited in the ordered phases, (C) the asymmetry between the superrotating and subrotating ordered phases where the subrotation phase transition also requires that the planetary spin is sufficiently large, and thus, less commonly observed than the superrotating phase, (D) nonexcitation of spherical modes with wavenumber $l>1$ in barotropic fluids. Comparisons with other canonical, microcanonical and dynamical theories suggest that this theory complements and completes older theories by predicting the above specific outcomes.
Dynamic Effect of the Parametric Excitation Force on an Autoparametric Vibration Absorber
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cape Coast Technical University, Atepor L. ,   School of Graduate Studies, University of Professional Studies, Accra, Akoto R. N. A.
Published: April 2022

Autoparametric vibration absorber is a machine invented to suppress vibration and has been widely employed in many fields of engineering. Previous works reported by various researchers have shown that dangerous motions, like the full rotation of the pendulum subsystem or chaotic motion, can emerge due to small perturbations of initial conditions or system parameters. To tackle this problem, a new model of the autoparametric vibration absorber with an attached piezoelectric actuator exciter is proposed in this paper. Under the effects of parametric excitation forces produced by the exciter, the vibration absorber will absorb more vibration energy. The dynamic response of the new system is studied analytically using the method of multiple scales and the results validated numerically using the continuation method and detailed bifurcation analysis. The results show that the vibration amplitudes of the subsystems are reduced, the region over which the absorption takes place gets widened and chaotic regions are removed with the introduction of parametric excitation forces in contrast to that of the original model of the autoparametric vibration absorber.
Assessment of PVS Enhancement Methods Using a Three-Dimensional Computational Model
Authors: Bernal Jose , Valdés-Hernández Maria , Escudero Javier , Duarte Roberto , Ballerini Lucia , Bastin Mark , Deary Ian , Thrippleton Michael , Touyz Rhian , Wardlaw Joanna
Published: April 2022

Growing interest surrounds the assessment of perivascular spaces (PVS) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and their validation as a clinical biomarker of adverse brain health. Nonetheless, the limits of validity of current state-of-the-art segmentation methods is still unclear. Here, we propose an open-source computational model generating three-dimensional digital reference objects to evaluate enhancement performance in relation to PVS characteristics and spatiotemporal imaging considerations (including sampling, motion artefacts, and Rician noise). With it, we study the performance of the Frangi, Jerman and RORPO filters in enhancing PVS-like structures to facilitate segmentation. Our findings were three-fold. First, as long as voxels are isotropic, RORPO outperforms all other filters, regardless of imaging quality. Unlike the Frangi and Jerman filters, RORPO’s performance does not deteriorate as PVS volume increases. Second, the performance of all “vesselness” enhancement filters is heavily influenced by imaging quality, with sampling and motion artefacts being the most damaging for these types of analyses. Third, none of the filters can distinguish PVS from other hyperintense structures (e.g. white matter hyperintensities, stroke lesions, or lacunes) effectively, the area under the precision-recall curve dropped substantially (Frangi: from 94.21 [IQR 91.60, 96.16] to 43.76 [IQR 25.19, 63.38]; Jerman: from 94.51 [IQR 91.90, 95.37] to 58.00 [IQR 35.68, 64.87]; RORPO: from 98.72 [IQR 95.37, 98.96] to 71.87 [IQR 57.21, 76.63] without and with other hyperintense structures, respectively). The use of our computational model enables comparing segmentation methods and identifying their advantages and disadvantages, thereby providing means for testing and optimising pipelines for ongoing and future studies.
The Chimeric Adenovirus(Ad5/35) Expressing Engineered Spike Protein Confers Immunity Against SARS-Cov-2 in Mice and Non-Human Primates
Authors: Shin Seung-Phil , Shin Kwang-Soo , Lee Jeong-Mi , Jung In-Kyung , Koo Jimo , Lee Seung-Woo , Park Seowoo , Shin Jieun , Park Myunghwan , Park Bongju , Oh Hanseul , Koo Bon-Sang , Hong JungJoo , Ryu Choong-Min , Kim Jae-Ouk , Oh Taegwon , Kang Chang-Yuil
Published: April 2022

Several COVID-19 platforms have been licensed across the world thus far, but vaccine platforms research that can lead to effective antigen delivery is still ongoing. Here, we constructed AdCLD-CoV19 that could modulate humoral immunity by harboring SARS-CoV-2 antigens onto a chimeric adenovirus 5/35 platform that was effective in cellular immunity. By replacing the S1/S2 furin cleavage sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein mounted on AdCLD-CoV19 with the linker sequence, high antigen expression was confirmed in various cell lines. The high levels of antigen expression contributed to antigen-specific antibody activity in mice and non-human primates (NHPs) with single vaccination of AdCLD-CoV19. Furthermore, the adenovirus-induced Th1 immune response was specifically raised for the S protein, and these immune responses protected the NHP against live viruses. While AdCLD-CoV19 maintained neutralizing antibody activity against various SARS-CoV-2 variants, it was reduced to single vaccination for β and ο variants, and the reduced neutralizing antibody activity was restored with booster shots. Hence, AdCLD-CoV19 can prevent SARS-CoV-2 with single vaccination, and the new vaccine administration strategy that responds to various variants can maintain the efficacy of the vaccine.
Introduction to the Artificial Intelligence that can be Applied to the Network Automation Journey
Authors: Moisio Gilbert , Gonzalvez Alexandre , Zeitoun Noam
Published: April 2022

The computer network world is changing and the NetDevOps approach has brought the dynamics of applications and systems into the field of communication infrastructure. Businesses are changing and businesses are faced with difficulties related to the diversity of hardware and software that make up those infrastructures. The "Intent-Based Networking - Concepts and Definitions" document describes the different parts of the ecosystem that could be involved in NetDevOps. The recognize, generate intent, translate and refine features need a new way to implement algorithms. This is where artificial intelligence comes in.
[18F]Fluorocholine PET/CT False Positive: Foreign Body Reaction Mimicking Low-Grade Glioma Progression
Authors: Rudolphi-Solero Teodoro , Triviño-Ibáñez Eva María , Martínez-Barbero Jose Pablo , Cordero-Tous Nicolás , Chamorro-Santos Clara Eurgenia , Rodríguez-Fernández Antonio , Gómez-Río Manuel María
Published: April 2022

A right frontoparietal neoplastic lesion was found in a young-aged patient with analgesic refractory headache. Surgical resection was performed, and the pathologist analysis turned out a cellular ependymoma with signs of anaplasia. In the follow-up, a MRI showed a suspicious lesion, so a [18F]Fluorocholine PET/CT was performed. An increased uptake was described in the right parietal region on the margin of residual cystic lesion. The patient got a complete resection which was confirmed later by MR. In the pathology analysis, a focally congestive cerebral parenchyma with a central histiocytic reaction to foreign body area was described. Foreign body reaction in brain tissue is a very rare immune response that has not been well studied. Haemostatic material has been reported as a possible trigger of this response in other organs and could be detected by [18F]FDG PET/CT. Following the experience of the current case report, [18F]Fluorocholine PET/CT could also show a false positive related to foreign body reaction.
Cannabinoids Alleviate the LPS-Induced Cytokine Storm via Attenuating NLRP3 Inflammasome Signalling and TYK2-Mediated STAT3 Signalling Pathways In Vitro
Authors: Suryavanshi Santosh V , Zaiachuk Mariia , Pryimak Nazar , Kovalchuk Igor , Kovalchuk Olga
Published: April 2022

Cannabinoids, mainly cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), are the most studied group of compounds obtained from Cannabis sativa because of their several pharmaceutical properties. Current evidence suggests a crucial role of cannabinoids as potent anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases; however, the mechanisms remain largely unclear. Cytokine storm, a dysregulated severe inflammatory response by our immune system, is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous chronic inflammatory disorders, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which results in the accumulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, we hypothesized that CBD and THC reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting key inflammatory signalling pathways. The nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome signalling has been implicated in a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases, which results in the release of pyroptotic cytokines, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. Likewise, the activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) causes increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We studied the effects of CBD and THC on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in human THP-1 macrophages and primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). Our results revealed that CBD and, for the first time, THC, significantly inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation following LPS + ATP stimulation, leading to a reduction in the levels of IL-1β in THP-1 macrophages and HBECs. CBD attenuated the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and both cannabinoids inhibited the generation of oxidative stress post-LPS. Our multiplex ELISA data revealed that CBD and THC significantly diminished the levels of IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) after LPS treatment in THP-1 macrophages and HBECs. In addition, the phosphorylation of STAT3 was significantly downregulated by CBD and THC in THP-1 macrophages and HBECs, which was in turn, attributed to the reduced phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase-2 (TYK2) by CBD and THC after LPS stimulation in these cells. Overall, CBD and THC were found to be effective in alleviating the LPS-induced cytokine storm in human macrophages and primary HBECs, at least via modulation of NLRP3 inflammasome and STAT3 signalling pathways. The encouraging results from this study warrant further investigation of these cannabinoids in vivo.
Therapeutic potential of inosine pranobex in enhancing non-specific antiviral protection in patients with COVID-19
Authors:   I.P.Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Isakov D.V.
Published: April 2022

The defense mechanisms of the human body determine non-specific resistance of non-immune cells that comprise the majority of cells in the organism and are exposed to various environmental factors (such as radiation, pollutants, microbial infection), as well as innate and acquired immunity aimed at enhancing the response to external (and internal) stimuli. Inosine is one of the drugs that can strengthen the internal protective reserves of non-immune cells of the human body, primarily against various viruses. Inosine in the form of inosine pranobex is the main component of Groprinosin (Gedeon Richter Pharma LLC). It was shown that protective effect of inosine is attributed to its interaction with the surface adenosine A2A receptor from the family of G-protein-coupled receptors, with activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-g). This results in inhibition of the mevalonate pathway of cholesterol synthesis and restriction of the viral life cycle of both enveloped (herpes viruses, hepatitis, dengue, mumps, influenza, Ebola, coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2) and non-enveloped (adenovirus, enterovirus, such as Coxsackie, rotavirus) viruses. Therefore, inosine can be included into the existing clinical protocols or used as an alternative to improve treatment efficacy. Key words: non-specific resistance, inosine pranobex, groprinosine, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, adenosine A2A receptor
Biology microteaching book: A practical approach from various countries
Authors: Siburian Jodion , Sadikin Ali
Published: April 2022

Pre-service Biology teachers must be equipped with good biology skills, 21st-century teaching skills currently needed, and possess four competencies (pedagogic, professional, personality, and social). The study aims to develop a biology microteaching book to create competent, confident, and creative biology teachers with a practical approach. The development method used is ADDIE. The research instrument uses a questionnaire to measure responses from media experts, content experts, lecturers, and students (the product users). The study reports that the product of a practical approach-based microteaching book is feasible and can be used in Biology learning. This book can be used as a guide and reference for prospective biology teacher students in determining the right microteaching model.
Analysis of student misconceptions on cell material as the smallest unit of life
Authors: Silaban Oky Rizkiana , Pranoto Hendro
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine students' misconceptions on cell material as the smallest unit of life and the factors that cause misconceptions. The research method used was descriptive quantitative. The sample in this research amounted to 35 students who were taken using random sampling techniques. The four-tier diagnostic test was used as an instrument to determine students' misconceptions and the factors that caused the misconceptions were known through interviews. The results showed that students experienced misconceptions in the amount of 36.03% with the moderate category, where the highest misconception occurred in the indicator of analyzing the membrane transport mechanism by 48.57%, and the lowest misconception occurred in the indicator explaining the chemical components of a cell by 28.57%. The main factors causing misconceptions were are textbooks, friends, and the internet.
Increasing Student’s Self-regulation in Excretory System Learning: A Development of Learning Materials through Moodle
Authors: Wibisono Bagus Tito , Rusdi R , Komala Ratna
Published: April 2022

In Biology learning, technology becomes a tool to facilitate 21st-century learning trends that are digitally oriented, distanced, internet-integrated learning materials, as well as being open and independent. This trend is a challenge because the results of a preliminary study at SMAN 37 Jakarta showed that 42.3% of students experienced a decline in their biology learning outcomes during the distance learning period, especially in the Excretory System chapter. Of these, 61.5% thought the decline was due to low self-regulation. This study aims to develop learning materials in the Excretory System through Moodle to increase students’ self-regulation. The method used is research and development with the Borg and Gall development model using the Moodle platform. The development of learning materials was validated by 5 experts on aspects of the material, learning materials, and language. The result is the scope of the material aspect is 90.4%, the learning material aspect is 90.8%, and the language aspect is 88%, all of which meet the very feasible criteria. The learning materials were tested on 30 respondents and obtained pre-test and post-test scores on self-regulation. The results were tested using the paired sample t-test showed a significance value (p) = 0.001< 0.05. This result illustrated that the use of Excretory System learning materials can increase students’ self-regulation.
Editorial
Authors: Hodds Mark , Rowlett Peter
Published: April 2022

Editorial
Pontuações nas Dinâmicas da Agenda do Aborto no Contexto Brasileiro
Authors: Ames Maria Clara Figueiredo Dalla Costa Ames , Custódio Serafim Mauricio , Beckert Zappellini Marcello
Published: April 2022

Objetivo da pesquisa: analisar as dinâmicas da agenda do aborto no contexto brasileiro, considerando a interação entre a agenda legislativa, da mídia e do STF entre 1988 e 2020.

Enquadramento teórico: adota-se a Teoria do Equilíbrio Pontuado para analisar a atenção dada à questão do aborto nos fóruns da Câmara dos Deputados, no Senado, no STF e na mídia, bem como a imagem expressa pelos atores envolvidos.

Metodologia: emprega-se uma abordagem longitudinal, considerando-se quatro elementos teórico-analíticos: atenção, imagem, atores e fóruns de política. São analisados a quantidade e o tom (contrário, favorável ou neutro) de projetos de lei (n=401), pronunciamentos de senadores (n=298), de deputados (n=1176), de atores em audiências públicas no Senado (n=44) e no STF (n=79) e, da mídia, uma amostra de atores citados (n=394) em notícias de capa do Estadão, Folha de São Paulo e O Globo.

Resultados: apresentam-se os resultados cronologicamente, destacando-se a estabilidade na política do aborto no Congresso, onde prevalece o tom contrário e poucos projetos de lei são aprovados, ao passo que pontuações (mudanças) têm ocorrido via STF, algo constatado pela agenda legislativa e midiática. 

Originalidade: adiciona-se o fórum do STF à análise da agenda, órgão do judiciário que tem interpretado questões constitucionais relacionadas ao aborto e realizado audiências públicas com atores nacionais e estrangeiros.

Contribuições teóricas e práticas: consolidam-se 33 anos da agenda do aborto, com informações relevantes para parlamentares, atores envolvidos e para o cidadão, trazendo para o debate a questão da judicialização da política com mudanças via STF. Ponderam-se limitações e pesquisas futuras.

Palavras-chave: aborto, formação da agenda, teoria do equilíbrio pontuado, STF.
Afinal, que escolha as famílias têm no Brasil? Influência da escolha escolar sobre a eficiência do ensino fundamental público do Brasil
Authors: Dantas dos Santos Yuri , Paulo Amilton Maia Leite Filho
Published: April 2022

- Objetivo da pesquisa: analisar a influência da escolha escolar sobre a eficiência das escolas públicas de ensino fundamental no Brasil.

- Enquadramento teórico: a teoria da escolha escolar consiste em aplicações da hipótese de Tiebout na educação, sendo a competição propulsionadora da escolha escolar das famílias.

- Metodologia: Tomou-se como unidade de análise, em cada município, o conjunto de escolas classificadas quanto à rede de ensino (estadual ou municipal) e à oferta de anos do ensino fundamental (todos, só os iniciais ou só os finais). Construiu-se um índice de eficiência com base na metodologia DEA sequencial VCR com orientação a produto. Construiu-se índices de competição. Usou-se o painel OLS com dados bienais de 2007 a 2015. Foram analisados três tipos de competição: horizontal (entre todas as escolas), privada (das escolas privadas) e vertical (entre escolas estaduais e municipais).

- Resultados: a competição horizontal influenciou fraca e positivamente a eficiência de escolas públicas associadas a redes de maior porte; a influência da competição privada foi fraca, mas positiva em redes maiores; e a da competição vertical, negativa em escolas municipais.

- Originalidade: Discute-se escolha e eficiência escolar em interface com a competição existente no Brasil em diferentes facetas, além de descrever e medir particularidades deste país quanto à competição e evidenciar limites à escolha.

- Contribuições teóricas e práticas: a teoria da escolha escolar adaptada ao Brasil considera as restrições à escolha, a competição vertical e a escolha dentro do território municipal. Reformas de ampliação da escolha, o fim da competição vertical e o fortalecimento das redes municipais são ações sugeridas para ampliar o efeito positivo da escolha e para melhorar os resultados educacionais no Brasil.
Do State capacity dimensions differently affect policy areas performance?
Authors: Cavalcante Pedro , Pereira Ana Karine
Published: April 2022

Research objective: To analyze the determinants of governmental performance, assuming that policy sectors have different state capacities and produce heterogeneous effects on their performance. 

Theoretical Framework: Grounded in the neo-Weberian bureaucracy and public governance debates, the inquiry tests if policy sectors (government core; infrastructure; productive development; security/citizenship, and social/environmental) present different state capacities and produce heterogeneous effects on outputs and outcomes.

Methodology: The research uses a survey applied to over three thousand civil servants of the Brazilian federal public administration to create composite variables of performance and state capacities dimensions, then descriptively compare these variables and run a multivariate regression to test the hypotheses. 

Results: The paper confirms that the degree of state capacity development impacts the bureaucrats’ perception of performance and, secondly, these effects are quite diverse on the organizational outputs and outcomes. However, their variation among policy areas is not as expressive as expected. The findings reinforce recent studies that claim that governmental investment in state capacity became broader and more inclusive as it incorporated several agencies that do not belong to the classical “pocket of efficiency.”

Originality: Based on an original dataset, the research shows insights at advancing the study of state capacity, governance, and public sector performance. The comparative analyzes are unprecedented as it encompasses simultaneously crucial dimensions of the public service in Brazil, such as meritocracy, autonomy, relationship, skills, resources and, accountability. 

Theoretical and Practical Contributions: In theoretical terms, the paper tests essential hypotheses concerning the federal government bureaucracy and performance, mostly restricted to the international literature. It also explores the policy sectors' heterogeneity and how it affects their performance, shedding light on the need for a more inclusive and comprehensive civil service and management policy.
Recognition of Detrital Carbonaceous Material in the Ryoke Metamorphic Belt by Using Raman Thermometry: Implications for Thermal Structure and Detrital Origin
Authors: Yamaoka Ken , Wallis Simon R. , Miyake Akira , Kouketsu Yui
Published: April 2022

Raman spectroscopy of carbonaceous material (RSCM) thermometry is an effective method to determine the thermal structure of metasedimentary domains with high spatial resolution. The mean value of numerous measurements in a single sample is used for temperature estimation. A potential complicating factor is the presence of detrital carbonaceous material (CM) that can introduce bias in the results. Detrital CM generally shows a high degree of crystallinity making it difficult to discriminate detrital and metamorphic CM in high-grade metamorphic domains. Application of the RSCM thermometry to 100 metamudstone samples from the Hongusan area of the Ryoke metamorphic belt reveals multimodal degrees of crystallinity of CM in many samples indicating the common presence of detrital CM grains. Application of a new procedure to filter out the effects of detrital CM reveals a thermal structure that can be explained as the result of the overprinting of two distinct thermal regimes related to regional and subsequent contact metamorphism. The ability to recognize the presence of detrital CM and measure its crystallinity can be used to infer the metamorphic grade present in the hinterland from which the detrital material is derived. A combination of this information on metamorphic temperature with geochemical and radiometric age data reported in the literature indicates that the detrital CM was derived from basement rocks of the Korean Peninsula.
Adolescente con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1: problemas emocionales, conductuales y de autoestima
Authors: Lacomba-Trejo Laura , Valero-Moreno Selene , Montoya-Castilla Inmaculada
Published: April 2022

Antecedentes: la presencia de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) en la adolescencia, puede deteriorar la salud psicológica, las relaciones sociales y la autoestima, empeorando la adaptación a la enfermedad. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar la psicopatología, los problemas con los iguales y la autoestima, en adolescentes con DM1.Método: 115 adolescentes con DM1 respondieron los cuestionarios, que evaluaron: psicopatología, dificultades con los pares (SDQ) y autoestima (RSE). Mediante estadísticos descriptivos, diferencias de medias, tamaño del efecto y correlaciones Pearson.Resultados: a) presentaron pocas dificultades psicológicas y con sus iguales; b) y una adecuada autoestima; c) las chicas, más síntomas emocionales y los chicos conductuales. D) Una menor edad se asoció con más dificultades, e) lo que se relacionaba con una peor autoestima.Conclusiones: nuestros datos indican que tener DM1 no es un determinante para la salud psicológica. No obstante, cabe atender a quienes presentan dificultades, para disminuir las complicaciones físicas.