bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UK Law and Legal system
Authors: Romanov Aleksandr
Published: August 2023

The textbook is based on the study of foreign law and the experience of teaching courses of comparative law. The main attention is paid to the peculiarities of the legal system of Great Britain, English law, its sources (forms), the history of English law, its place and role, the organization of the judicial system and the administration of justice. The article highlights the views of English jurists on the concept of "law", types of law enforcement activities, which traditionally include judicial precedents (judicial lawmaking), statutory law (lawmaking), adherence to law, the application of legal principles and norms, as well as the organization of the legal profession and issues such as the specifics of the operation of the norms of English case law in space, in time, in a circle of persons. We used modern materials on the reform of the legal system of Great Britain both in history and in modern conditions. Changes have been taken into account in connection with the formation of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom, the UK's withdrawal from the European Union (Brexit).
The publication is provided with a list of commonly used English-language abbreviations, a glossary with a semantic translation into Russian, a subject index and a list of recommended literature.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For law students, graduate students, teachers and anyone interested in foreign law, the history of legal systems, the legal foundation and origins of adversarial justice, English law and the legal system of Great Britain.
Military road transport. Transportation of dangerous goods
Authors: Mihnevich Mihail , Kacharmina Elena , Kovchik Aleksandr
Published: August 2023

The textbook sets out the theoretical material necessary to prepare trainees for classes and conduct intermediate control on the basic course (Part 1) of the advanced training program for drivers engaged in the transportation of dangerous goods in accordance with the European Agreement on the International Road Transport of Dangerous Goods in formations and units of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for the training of military personnel of formations and units of the Airborne Troops of Russia under the program of professional training of military personnel undergoing military service in military positions of drivers of vehicles engaged in the transportation of dangerous goods.
Directions of design work in the field of space environmental monitoring and three-dimensional modeling
Authors: Rihter Andrey
Published: August 2023

The monograph describes some areas of practical project activity in the field of space environmental monitoring and mathematical modeling, which lies at the junction of three pillars of knowledge — ecology, satellite monitoring and three-dimensional modeling. In particular, such ecological objects as garbage dumps, mining and processing plants, abandoned construction sites, highways are considered. Numerous methods, tools, software platforms are used for the study and research of objects, which are publicly available for understanding, mastering and practical implementation in the field of higher, as well as general secondary and special education.
It is intended for university applicants, undergraduate students, university teachers in the fields of "Ecology and nature management", "Land Management and Cadastre", as well as for a wide range of readers. It is also suitable for additional school education in the field of environmental monitoring and modeling.
Legal regulation of auditing activities
Authors: Gracheva Elena , Arzumanova Lana , Lagkueva Irina , Orlova Natal'ya , Sitnik Aleksandr , Sobol' Ol'ga , Tkachenko Roman
Published: August 2023

The textbook structurally highlights the issues of auditing activities from the standpoint of financial and legal science on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of regulatory legal acts, thematic scientific literature and judicial practice. The forms of documents that auditors work with when conducting audits and drawing up audit reports are presented, examples of tasks and how to solve them, questions for self-control, as well as additional literature that highlights certain issues of the audit sphere are given.
For masters of law and economics universities.
THE ROLE OF SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF GASTRONOMIC TOURISM
Authors: Zyukina Svetlana , Ignat'eva I.
Published: August 2023

The article gives the concept of  sustainable gastronomic tourism as  an indicator of  the quality of  life of  society and individuals, analyzes the factors of social management in the development of gastronomic tourism in the form of a generalization through the aspect of social management. The criteria for personnel readiness of  service and hospitality enterprises are determined and its interdisciplinarity is  demonstrated as  a qualitative indicator of the level of service. Successful projects of personnel readiness are demonstrated, which are an important factor in the development of gastronomic tourism development management. The principle of creating tourist flows is singled out and their categorization is determined. The subject of sociology of management  is  analyzed — the study of  the motivation of  tourists, their satisfaction, the expansion of  emotional experience, the impact of moti-vation on the views and values of tourists. The role of sociological research in managing the development of gastronomic tourism, taking into account the  goals of  sustainable development and ESG indicators, including through human resource management as  a new form of  labor organization, is shown.
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPETENCY MODEL FOR A MODERN HR MANAGER
Authors: Laas N.
Published: August 2023

In modern market conditions, it is an important factor in the work of the organization to select applicants for a vacant position with high quality. In order for companies to remain competitive, it is necessary to identify highly qualifi ed specialists from among other applicants for a vacant position, to properly organize the selection of personnel between all candidates corresponding to the vacancy. The selection of candidates is a key moment in personnel management, determined directly by the applicants, their knowledge, skills, experience and motivation. Inaccuracies in the selection of personnel have a negative impact on productivity in the company.
HR POLICY AS THE MAIN TOOL FOR PERSONNEL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Voronin V. , Ionceva M. , Shuraeva L.
Published: August 2023

This article discusses the principles of personnel policy as the main tool for personnel development. The main tasks of personnel policy are studied. The principles of implementing an eﬀ ective personnel policy in the organization are proposed. The main mechanisms of personnel policy in the fi eld of corporate culture, recruitment and adaptation of personnel, motivation, training, development and evaluation of personnel, information support of the organization’s personnel are described. The authors propose a model of working with personnel based on the division of functions and the organization of interaction between managers and staﬀ services. The necessity of involving middle and line management in personnel management in order to increase the role and responsibility of managers at all levels in personnel management is argued. A system of measures aimed at increasing this involvement is proposed. The elements of an eﬀ ective motivation system are studied in detail. The tasks of the motivation system, training and development system in the context of the profession are presented.
FROM STUDENT TO PROFESSIONAL — STUDY OF CAREER TRAJECTORIES OF HR MANAGERS (SURVEY RESULTS)
Authors: Romanova I.
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of the study (online survey) of the career of graduates of the Department of Personnel Management of GUU of diﬀ erent years. The data on the dynamics of their careers (changing positions in a specifi c time frame); on functional responsibilities; on personal qualities that contribute to career advancement; on job promotion plans for the next fi ve years; on the benefi ts of practice, extracurricular and research activities at the university for career and professional development are analyzed. At the same time, the most useful academic disciplines and missing competencies have been identifi ed for graduates-current specialists in the HR fi eld, plans for the development of necessary professional and personal qualities, goals for the realization of interests related to their profession (fi eld of activity) have been revealed. The results of the study will be useful to teachers of the department and its current students, as well as HR managers of Russian companies.
The Historiography of Fleury in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries. A Study in Monastic Historiography
Authors: Mostert Marco
Published: August 2023

The article provides an evaluation of Aimoin of Fleury as a hagiographer and historian against the background of historiographical production at the monastery of St. Benedict at Fleury, Saint-Benoît- -sur-Loire, in the ninth through eleventh centuries. Not much is known of the life of Aimoin, who must have entered the monastery between 979 and 987, and began books II and III of the Miracula Sancti Benedicti in 1005. He also wrote a Historia Francorum in four books (before 1004), the Vita Abbonis (started at the end of 2004), a history of the abbots of Fleury (now lost), and a few minor texts. On the basis of his works, it is possible to reconstruct how Aimoin used his sources. He made a clear distinction between the distant past and the past which still survived in the living memories of his contemporaries; this borderline seems to have been 987–988. For his Historia Francorum, he relied wholly on written sources, which he quotes and dates as precisely as possible. In the Miracula Sancti Benedicti, he often had to rely on oral testimony. He has no problems with testimony of miracles having occurred in his own days, for which he can find living witnesses whose testimony he can evaluate. For miracles that occurred in earlier times, he has to rely on the memory of his monastic community. Sometimes, a story he describes can be localised at a particular place within his monastery, or at a precise locality, in which case he evaluates the evidence. If relics ought to have been available where a miracle was allegedly performed, Aimoin is clearly distrustful. If he can choose between oral tradition and written documentation, he prefers the latter. We cannot know whether he decided not to include stories of miracles for which he found the evidence wanting; we do know that, to complete his collection, he elevated certain ‘events’ to the level of miracles. Aimoin had high critical standards and doubted anything he had not witnessed; when dealing with the distant past, he always gave a reference wherever possible. He was not afraid to state his ignorance about events for which he had no sources. In Aimoin, we have an example of an early eleventh-century historian who would have earned the esteem of all but the severest of his modern colleagues.
Stopy pohanství v raně středověkých Čechách
Authors: Sommer Petr
Published: August 2023

There is fragmentary evidence of the form of pagan religion and its rituals in early medieval Bohemiafrom domestic and foreign legendists, canonists and chroniclers. These texts indicate that thisreligious system resembled the European pre-Christian systems in many respects. Its appearancehas to be reconstructed, because most of the surviving testimonies speak predominantly of pre--Christian rituals that have survived in the form of superstitious practices. The „theology“ of thisreligion is based on polytheism, the cult of animate and inanimate nature (animism) and the cult ofdeceased ancestors (manism). Archaeological documents bear witness to religious traces in burials, testify to the existence of cult objects, but specifically we learn about rituals that the church forbids as superstition. These are especially practices that are supposed to give an insight into the future (vaticinatio with exploitation of characteres, sortes) and apotropaic action that serve to protect the individual as well as society. This area is associated with protective means such as amulets (phylacteries, ligatures). Magical action is also supposed to bring protection and help. Evidence of this can be found in preserved incantations and spells (incantationes). For Czech conditions, a comparison is offered of a Merseburg „incantation“ preserved in a ninth century Fulda sacramentary (Merseburg, Cathedral Library, Cod. I, 136, fol. 84r). Its principle of freeing prisoners is strongly related to the „magic“ Kosmas mentions in connection with the Lučan War, which is also said to unleash handcuffs. This is probably one of the examples that pre-Christian Europe shared a fundamentally similar religion (Karol Modzelewski). Overall, the Christianisation of (Central) Europe was a very complex and lengthy process in which the old religiosity was slowly displaced, but its rudiments made themselves felt in the spiritual culture of society throughout the Middle Ages. Traditional agrarian society very slowly accepted the Christian worldview, which required the abandonment of traditional agrarian culture, the world of its gods, but also of traditional social ties.
Tuzin z naddatkiem niedrukowanych dotąd dokumentów Bolka II świdnickiego z archiwum joannickiego w Pradze
Authors: Jurek Tomasz
Published: August 2023

The small collection includes the publication of over a dozen documents of the prince Bolko II ofŚwidnica (d. 1368) who is regarded as one of the most outstanding Silesian rulers of the fourteenthcentury. The documents belong mainly (no. 1–12) to the archive of the Chech priorate of the Orderof Malta in Prague (Národní archiv, collection: Maltézští rytíři, české velkopřevorství). One can findgood scans of these materials on the portal: monasterium.net. Registers (regests) published untilnow were not detailed and authoritative. One document (no. 13) has been added to the set. It hadbeen regarded as a war loss and fortunately was regained from the USA not long ago. This document is now kept in the State Archive in Wrocław. Most of the documents concern the history of the village Karczyn/Karzen near Niemcza/Nimptsch, illustrating its interesting property history. Although this is a very small part of the preserved documents of Bolko II, even this sample allows us to make initial, diplomatic observations in terms of the evolution of this prince’s documents.
On reflective practice
Authors: Ford Derek
Published: August 2023

Derek Ford shares his experiences of reflective practice and why he now advocates for it
A Three-dimensional Compact Propeller-shaped Circularly Polarized Ceiling Antenna
Authors: Chen Jia-Xiang , Xing Hai-Tao , Huang Jian-Mei , Wang Meng-Nan , Ma Zhong-Hua
Published: August 2023

A three-dimensional compact propeller-shaped circularly polarized ceiling-mounted antenna loaded by inverted L-shaped slot is proposed in this paper. This three-dimensional structure has a small size, single feed and half-plane radiation mode. The antenna is composed of four alternately welded radiating elements and a disc reflector. Each radiating element is formed by etching a rectangular microstrip radiating patch and a trapezoidal microstrip radiating patch on the surface of the substrate. The four radiating elements are welded vertically on the disc reflector. The back of the disc reflector has the ground plane. The antenna is fed coaxially through the via in the center of the disc reflector. The result demonstrates that the 10-dB impedance fractional bandwidth achieves 66.3% (4.4-8.94 GHz). The 3-dB axial ratio fractional bandwidth is 2.2% (6.44-6.58 GHz). The radiation characteristic is close to half-space radiation on the xoz plane and the yoz plane. The peak gain of the antenna is 3.22 dBi. The simulation and measurement results are in good agreement. With its compact structure, effective coverage, miniaturization, etc., the antenna is very suitable for applications such as biomedical monitoring equipment and short-rangeradio communications.
Congenital Insensitivity to Pain due to a de novo L369P mutation in the SCN11A gene with Heterotrophic Ossification – A Case Report
Authors: Makar Gabriel , Kahlon Sundeep , Seeley Mark
Published: August 2023

Introduction: A male child with congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) due to a novel de novo L369P mutation in the SCN11A gene was found to have significant bilateral hip flexion contractures, followed by severe heterotopic ossification after contraction release. This is the first report to describe a patient with this specific mutation and subsequent clinical course. Case Report: A male child with CIP due to de novo L369P mutation in the SCN11A gene was found to have significant bilateral hip flexion contractures. The patient underwent bilateral hip contracture releases to improve his standing ability after failure of conservative treatment. In the coming months he developed significant heterotopic ossification that eventually bridged from the left pelvis to the left femur. Conclusion: Heterotrophic ossification (HO) in patients with CIP is a rare and poorly understood clinical manifestation. Our report describes a rare and aggressive manifestation of HO in a patient with CIP. Keywords: Congenital insensitivity to pain, heterotrophic ossification, pediatrics.
Giant Cell Tumor of Flexor Pollicis Longus Tendon Sheath: An Uncommon Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Sonkusale Aashay , Gandhi Pratik , Maurya Vivek , Giri Vishal
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Giant cell tumors of tendon sheath are benign, rarely malignant, soft-tissue tumors arising from tenosynovial sheath and periarticular soft tissue. They usually present as painless masses with some restriction of movement. Histopathological diagnosis is gold standard although pre-operative fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), plain radiographs, and MRI help in narrowing down the differentials. Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) although benign is notorious for having a high rate of recurrences, with most important risk factors being adjacency to joint and incomplete excision. Adequate marginal excision forms the mainstay for managing these tumors. Adjuvant radiotherapy has found some role in treating and decreasing the chances of recurrences. Case Report: A 55-year-old lady was brought to the outpatient department with a history of painless, gradually progressive swelling on volar aspect of thumb. Swelling was well defined with a smooth surface. Overlying skin showed no signs of local inflammation or adherence. Pain radiographs showed soft-tissue shadow with some articular bony erosions. A ultrasound-guided FNAC and MRI showed a picture of GCTTS. An excisional biopsy was done and confirmed the diagnosis. Conclusion: GCTTS is a benign entity with a slow course of evolution, although uncommon, and should be kept as differential for swellings of hand and feet. Complete excision with no evidence residual tumor is diagnostic as well as curative. A regular follow-up is essential on account of high rates of recurrences. Keywords: Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, thumb, flexor pollicis longus, excisional biopsy.
Surgical Management of Bilateral Triceps Muscle Rupture: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Abhijit , Hoban Katie , Jariwala Arpit
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Triceps tendon avulsion is a rare tendinous injury that can be easily overlooked. If left untreated, such injuries can lead to a weakening of a patient’s elbow extension and thereby cause significant disability; therefore, early identification and appropriate surgical intervention are important. Case Report: We report bilateral triceps tendon avulsion injuries in a 49-year-old, right-hand dominant airline pilot. The patient fell while running and injured both his elbows. X-rays of both elbows showed displaced olecranon avulsion fractures, confirming triceps tendon injuries. Bone tendons were repaired with the suture anchor technique, and a solid repair was achieved. 3 months post-surgery, the post-operative progress of the patient was satisfied with full function, a range of motion of 5–150° on the left arm, and 0–150° on the right arm and ability to return to work with no restrictions. Conclusion: Triceps tendon avulsion is a rare injury with few reported cases. Literature suggests that the successful outcome of the patient depends on early identification and timely intervention, such as surgical repair through a trans-osseous suture technique. Our report adds to the knowledge base available in the existing medical literature for future reference by healthcare professionals. Keywords: Triceps, tendon, avulsion, surgical repair.
Persistent Ulnar Nerve Palsy with Cubitus Valgus Deformity Following a Surgically Treated Flexion-type Supracondylar Humeral Fracture – A Case Report
Authors: Ito Yurika , Kimura Hiroo , Suzuki Taku , Matsumura Noboru , Iwamoto Takuji , Nakamura Masaya
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Supracondylar humeral fractures (SHFs) in children are mostly extension-type. SHFs have a high risk of cubitus varus deformity, while valgus deformity is rarely described. Nerve palsy can also occur during or after the injury, with most cases recovering spontaneously. Here, we present a rare case of cubitus valgus deformity after a flexion-type SHF with ulnar nerve (UN) palsy, which was successfully treated by corrective osteotomy and anterior transposition of the UN. Case Report: A 10-year-old girl had left-sided cubitus valgus deformity with persistent UN palsy 4 months after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) at another hospital. Half a year after the initial operation, corrective osteotomy of the distal humerus with neurolysis and subcutaneous anterior transposition of the UN were performed. She showed excellent recovery 14-month postoperatively and reported restored motor and sensory function with symmetrical elbow appearance. Conclusion: Surgeons usually observe the elbow angle carefully to avoid cubitus varus deformity. However, when treating a case of flexion-type SHFs, ORIF should be conducted to avoid cubitus valgus deformity, which could potentially cause UN traction as well as cosmetic dissatisfaction. Keywords: Elbow, humerus, supracondylar fracture, ulnar nerve, cubitus valgus.
Subperiosteal Osteoid Osteoma in the Coronoid Fossa Mimicking Early Elbow Arthropathy: A Case Report
Authors: Dharmshaktu Ganesh , Agarwal Naveen , Dharmshaktu Ishwar , Agarwal Anant , Pangtey Tanuja
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The elbow pain and restricted movement is a nagging problem and elbow arthropathies need to be excluded. On rare instances, uncommon etiology like a benign lesion is the culprit and the diagnosis would require judicious clinicoradiological correlation. Osteoid osteoma in the intra- or juxta-articular region is reported in the literature as rare, sporadic report. Case Report: A 23-year-old, Indian male patient presented with a provisional diagnosis of early elbow arthropathy on account of unexplained pain and restricted elbow movement without a history of trauma. He was subjected to appropriate investigations revealing synovial hypertrophy, effusion, and bone edema suggestive of early arthropathy. Additional imaging led to an uncommon definitive diagnosis. An intra-articular osteoid osteoma was found over the medial aspect of the coronoid fossa with a thin rim of cortical rim projecting anteriorly. The lesion was diagnosed and delineated on computerized tomography and an open excision of the lesion and synovectomy was done for histopathological evaluation. Histology confirmed the presence of an osteoid osteoma at an uncommon location. Conclusion: The careful appreciation of radiological images is critical to not miss significant etiology that may mimic non-specific elbow pain. High index of suspicion coupled with appropriate diagnostic imaging results in early diagnosis and appropriate management. Osteoid osteoma should be a differential diagnosis in cases with pain and restricted elbow movement and excision of which results in recovery of painless range of motion. Keywords: Elbow, osteoid osteoma, arthritis, coronoid fossa, elbow pain.
Art, Archive, and Fictive Historiography in Lebanon's "Protracted Now"
Authors: Randall Renée Ragin
Published: August 2023

Abstract: This article analyzes the function of the archival aesthetic found in the works of prominent contemporary Lebanese artists, particularly the manipulation and use of found documents as part of a new visual narrative. Unlike other interpretations of postmodern art in which found documents are a major component, Lebanese artists subordinate the archive (as both object and practice) to the speculative praxis of arriving at a fictive historiography with archival material. As the article will show, this tendency is mimetic of both a contemporary historiographical problematic particular to Lebanon as well as a product of a condition of ongoing forms of violence.
Methods for real-time feature-guided image fusion of intrasurgical volumetric optical coherence tomography with digital microscopy: publisher’s note
Authors: Trout Robert M. , Viehland Christian , Li Jianwei D. , Raynor William , Dhalla Al-Hafeez , Vajzovic Lejla , Kuo Anthony N. , Toth Cynthia A. , Izatt Joseph A.
Published: August 2023

This publisher’s note contains a correction to [Biomed. Opt. Express 14, 3308 (2023)10.1364/BOE.488975].
Aberration compensation for enhanced holographic particle characterization
Authors: Snyder Kaitlynn , Grier David G.
Published: August 2023

Holographic particle characterization treats holographic microscopy of colloidal particles as an inverse problem whose solution yields the diameter, refractive index and three-dimensional position of each particle in the field of view, all with exquisite precision. This rich source of information on the composition and dynamics of colloidal dispersions has created new opportunities for fundamental research in soft-matter physics, statistical physics and physical chemistry, and has been adopted for product development, quality assurance and process control in industrial applications. Aberrations introduced by real-world imaging conditions, however, can degrade performance by causing systematic and correlated errors in the estimated parameters. We identify a previously overlooked source of spherical aberration as a significant source of these errors. Modeling aberration-induced distortions with an operator-based formalism identifies a spatially varying phase factor that approximately compensates for spherical aberration in recorded holograms. Measurements on model colloidal dispersions demonstrate that phase-only aberration compensation greatly improves the accuracy of holographic particle characterization without significantly affecting measurement speed for high-throughput applications.
Quantitative determination of microbial materials activity based on infrared extinction properties
Authors: Ding Wanying , Gu Youlin , Hu Yihua , Cao Hao , Chen Guolong , He Haihao
Published: August 2023

Microbial bacteria play an irreplaceable role in natural and human production and life; thus, determining their activities is an important issue. This study proposed a method to quantitatively determine the activity of microbial materials through extinction property calculation using infrared spectroscopy. Complex refractive indices of different active biomaterials were calculated based on their infrared spectra, and their extinction properties were determined using the discrete dipole approximation method. Using partial least squares (PLS), support vector regression (SVR), and extreme learning machine (ELM) regression, quantitative determination models of microbial materials based on infrared extinction properties were established to predict their activity. The results demonstrated that the model of least angle regression (LAR) combined with PLS exhibited better potential for the determination of biomaterial activity. The coefficient of determination (R2) values acquired by the optimal model for the three biomaterials were 0.9699, 0.9744, and 0.9621, respectively. These findings suggested that a rapid and accurate quantitative determination of microbial activity can be achieved based on extinction property.
Fabry-Pérot optical frequency comb based mm-wave RoF system using pilot-assisted equalizer
Authors: Xu Haixuan , Venkatasubramani Lakshmi Narayanan , Chaudhuri Rangana Banerjee , Browning Colm , Yu Yonglin , Barry Liam P.
Published: August 2023

The emergence of the millimeter wave (mm-Wave; 30 GHz to 300 GHz) frequency band holds a lot of promise for addressing the congestion at low frequency in future mobile networks. Among many mm-Wave generation schemes, optical heterodyning is considered one of the most promising approaches due to its scalability and potential for integration on chip. Employing optical frequency combs (OFC) for optical heterodyning alleviates the significant phase distortions/noise introduced by the optical sources. However, any residual phase noise in these systems can deteriorate the transmission performance. Here we demonstrate a high-capacity mm-Wave radio-over-fiber (RoF) system using Fabry-Pérot (FP) laser comb overcoming the typical limitations of this source. The temporal phase perturbation induced by the frequency fluctuation of the FP laser is theoretically analyzed, and then estimated and compensated by a pilot-based phase equalizer. Performance evaluation of the proposed phase equalizer is conducted through experiment and simulation. Enabled by the proposed compensation scheme, ten 200 MHz filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (f-OFDM) signal bands modulated by 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) are transmitted over 10 km fiber, with the ability to serve multiple users. The transmission of 16-QAM modulated single carrier signals with 2 GBd and 8 Gbps data rate is also performed for comparison, which offers better resilience to phase noise, demonstrating the first commercial Quantum Well FP laser-based optical heterodyning mm-Wave RoF system for both multi-carrier and single carrier signals.
KRLS post-distorter with adaptive kernel width for visible light communications
Authors: Wang Jieling , Wang Xinzhi , Shen Ba-zhong
Published: August 2023

As a viable supplement to the fifth generation wireless communication, visible light communications (VLC) with affluent spectrum resources can cater to the ever-increasing high speed data transmission demand. However, the nonlinear characteristics of light emitting diode (LED) can distort the transmitted signal in the VLC link, which damages the communication quality. To mitigate the nonlinear impairments, a reproducing kernel Hilbert space post-distortion scheme is proposed in this paper, which is based on kernel recursive least squares (KRLS) with adaptive kernel width. In this kernel based method, the kernel width will affect the approximation ability of the model. Therefore, in the recursive process of KRLS, Gauss-Newton (GN) algorithm is adopted to update the kernel width. In addition, combined with the enhanced novelty criterion (ENC), the KRLS-GN post-distorter learns the sparse dictionary adaptively according to the input data, which is beneficial to complete the linearization under the limited memory budget constraints. The performance of the proposed KRLS-GN-ENC scheme is verified by simulations, and the results show that KRLS-GN-ENC can achieve a significant improvement over KRLS-ENC. Compared with the schemes based on classical polynomial filtering, KRLS-GN-ENC exhibits better nonlinear compensation performance and faster convergence speed.
Image-free target identification using a single-point single-photon LiDAR
Authors: Hong Yu , Li Yuxiao , Dai Chen , Ye Jun-Tian , Huang Xin , Xu Feihu
Published: August 2023

Single-photon light detection and ranging (LiDAR) — offering single-photon sensitivity and picosecond temporal resolution — has become one of the most promising technologies for 3D imaging and target detection. Generally, target detection and identification requires the construction of an image, performed by a raster-scanned or an array-based LiDAR system. In contrast, we demonstrate an image-free target identification approach based on a single-point single-photon LiDAR. The idea is to identify the object from the temporal data equipped with an efficient neural network. Specifically, the target is flood-illuminated by a pulsed laser and a single-point single-photon detector is used to record the time-of-flight (ToF) of back-scattering photons. A deep-learning method is then employed to analyze the ToF data and perform the identification task. Simulations with indoor and outdoor experiments show that our approach can identify the class and pose of the target with high accuracy. Importantly, we construct a compact single-point single-photon LiDAR system and demonstrate the practical capability to identify the types and poses of drones in outdoor environments over hundreds of meters. We believe our approach will be useful in applications for sensing dynamic targets with low-power optical detection.
Doping-modulated lateral asymmetric Schottky diode as a high-performance self-powered synaptic device
Authors: Yang Chengdong , Su Linlin , Xia Kaipeng , Li Xinwei , Liu Yilong , Li Hui
Published: August 2023

In the post-Moore era, the gradually saturated computational capability of conventional digital computers showing the opposite trend as the exponentially increasing data volumes imperatively required a platform or technology to break this bottleneck. Brain-inspired neuromorphic computing promises to inherently improve the efficiency of information processing and computation by means of the highly parallel hardware architecture to reduce global data transmission. Here, we demonstrate a compact device technology based on the barrier asymmetry to achieve zero-consumption self-powered synaptic devices. In order to tune the device behaviors, the typical chemical doping is used to tailor the asymmetry for energy harvesting. Finally, in our demonstrated devices, the open-circuit voltage (VOC) and power-conversion efficiency (PCE) can be modulated up to 0.77 V and 6%, respectively. Optimized photovoltaic features affords synaptic devices with an outstanding programming weight states, involving training facilitation, stimulus reinforce and consolidation. Based on self-powered system, this work further presents a highly available modulation scheme, which achieves excellent device behaviors while ensuring the zero-energy consumption.
Single-shot terahertz time-domain spectrometer using 1550 nm probe pulses and diversity electro-optic sampling
Authors: Roussel E. , Szwaj C. , Di Pietro P. , Adhlakha N. , Cinquegrana P. , Veronese M. , Evain C. , Di Mitri S. , Perucchi A. , Bielawski S.
Published: August 2023

Classical terahertz spectroscopy usually requires the use of Fourier transform or Time-Domain Spectrometers. However, these classical techniques become impractical when using recent high peak power terahertz sources – based on intense lasers or accelerators – which operate at low repetition rate. We present and test the design of a novel Time-Domain Spectrometer, that is capable of recording a whole terahertz spectrum at each shot of the source, and that uses a 1550 nm probe fiber laser. Single-shot operation is obtained using chirped-pulse electro-optic sampling in Gallium Arsenide, and high bandwidth is obtained by using the recently introduced Diversity Electro-Optic Sampling (DEOS) method. We present the first real-time measurements of THz spectra at the TeraFERMI Coherent Transition Radiation source. The system achieves 2.5 THz bandwidth with a maximum dynamic range reaching up to 25 dB. By reducing the required measurement time from minutes to a split-second, this strategy dramatically expands the application range of high power low-repetition rate THz sources.
200-W short-pulse operation of photonic-crystal lasers based on simultaneous absorptive and radiative Q-switching
Authors: Morita Ryohei , Inoue Takuya , Ueda Takuma , Masuda Masaki , Nigo Kazuki , Yoshida Masahiro , Zoysa Menaka De , Ishizaki Kenji , Gelleta John , Noda Susumu
Published: August 2023

Short-pulse high-peak-power lasers are crucial laser sources for various applications such as non-thermal ultrafine material processing and eye-safe high-resolution remote sensing. Realizing such operation in a single semiconductor laser chip without amplifiers or external resonators is expected to contribute to the development of compact, affordable laser sources for such applications. In this paper, we demonstrate short-pulse high-peak-power photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers based on simultaneous absorptive and radiative Q-switching. The proposed device induces an instantaneous and simultaneous decrease in both absorptive and out-of-plane radiation losses due to saturable absorption and self-evolution of the photonic band, respectively, which results in drastic Q-switching operation of the device. Based on this concept, we experimentally demonstrate short-pulse generation with 200-W-class peak power and a pulse width of < 30 ps. In addition, via pulse compression with dispersion compensation, we achieve an even higher peak power of ∼300 W with a shorter pulse width of ∼10 ps.
Mobile superconducting strip photon detection system with efficiency over 70% at a 1550 nm wavelength
Authors: Zhang Xiaofu , Ma Ruoyan , Guo Zhimin , Zhang Chengjun , Chen Dai , Huan Qingchang , Huang Jia , Zhang Xingyu , Xiao You , Yu Huiqin , Liu Xiaoyu , Li Hao , Wang Zhen , Xie Xiaoming , You Lixing
Published: August 2023

We developed a mobile superconducting strip photon detector (SSPD) system operated in a liquid-helium Dewar. By adopting highly disordered NbTiN thin films, we successfully enhanced the detection performance of superconducting strips at higher operation temperatures and realized SSPDs with nearly saturated detection efficiency at 4.2 K. Then we customized a compact liquid-helium Dewar and a battery-based electronic module to minimize the SSPD system. A mobile SSPD system was integrated, which showed a system detection efficiency of 72% for a 1550 nm wavelength with a dark count rate of 200 cps and a timing jitter of 67.2 ps. The system has a weight of 40 kg and a power consumption of 500 mW, which can work continuously for 20 hours. The metrics can be further optimized in accordance with the various practical application platforms, such as aircraft, drones, etc.
Electro-optic tunable optical filter based on long-period waveguide grating in lithium niobate on insulator with absorption ribbons
Authors: Li Junhui , Yao Hao , Deng Jiayao , Hu Zhefeng , Zhao Zhiying , Ma Xiaoxia , Chen Kaixin
Published: August 2023

We propose an electro-optic tunable optical filter based on sidewall long period waveguide grating (LPWG) in lithium niobate on insolator (LNOI). The operation of our proposed filter is based on the mode coupling, filtering, and absorption achieved, respectively, with two corrugated sidewall LPWGs, a tapered waveguide, and two metal ribbons. Our typical fabricated devices achieved a 16.32-dB rejection band and an EO tuning efficiency of ∼0.344 nm/V. Our proposed LPWG and filter are compact and could be integrated with other LNOI waveguide devices to realize more sophisticated functions for on-chip optical signal processing.
Continuous families of non-Hermitian surface solitons
Authors: Zezyulin Dmitry A.
Published: August 2023

We show that surface solitons form continuous families in one-dimensional complex optical potentials of a certain shape. This result is illustrated by non-Hermitian gap–surface solitons at the interface between a uniform conservative medium and a complex periodic potential. Surface soliton families are parameterized by a real propagation constant. The range of possible propagation constants is constrained by the relation between the continuous spectrum of the uniform medium and the bandgap structure of the periodic potential.
Rapid Colorimetric Point-of-Care Detection and Imaging of Multiple Biomolecules Using Liquid Crystal Composite on Gold Nanoisland Thin Films as a Label-Free Optical Biosensor
Authors: Hsiao Yu-Cheng , Chen Fu-Lun , HSU CHUAN-CHIH , CHEN WEN-HAO , SHANG LI-DAN
Published: August 2023

Timely and precise identification of infections is pivotal for effective treatment and curtailing disease transmission. While single biomarkers have historically served diagnostic purposes, their limitations in sensitivity and specificity necessitate a more comprehensive approach. The simultaneous detection of multiple biomolecules holds promise in enhancing accuracy, expediting analysis, and bolstering pathology screening. Thus, the imperative to engineer a noninvasive biosensor capable of concurrently quantifying diverse infection-associated biomarkers, such as albumin proteins and bacterial molecules, is undeniable. In this pursuit, a novel biosensor has been synergistically developed, harnessing a color-indicating optical platform employing gold nanoisland films (AuNIFs) enveloped by cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs). The integration of CLCs and AuNIFs capitalizes on their sensitive interfacial interactions, underscoring the potential for robust biosensing. Variations in biomolecule concentrations trigger discernible alterations in CLC-AuNIF interface alignment, thus profoundly impacting the hybrid plasmonic-photonic behavior of AuNIFs. The resulting CLCs-AuNIFs biosensor showcases exceptional sensitivity and precision in discerning E.coli concentrations and albumin levels. Notably, the biosensor boasts a label-free limit of detection, achieving an impressive 1 × 106 CFU/ml for E.coli and 10 ng/ml for BSA. This innovative CLCs-AuNIFs biosensor boasts swiftness, visual discernibility, label-free operation, and multi-concentration detection capabilities for both microbial agents and albumin. Perturbations in biomolecule concentrations elicit definable shifts in interface alignment, subsequently modulating the hybrid plasmonic-photonic dynamics of AuNIFs. The spectrum of potential applications for this advancement spans biomedical, microbial, and industrial domains. The unified biosensor can revolutionize infection-related diagnostics and containment measures, ideally situated as a point-of-care solution. This landmark development pioneers the realm of multi-biomarker detection in infection diagnosis, holding profound implications for the trajectory of infection diagnostics and therapeutic interventions.
TFOFinder: Python program for identifying purine-only double-stranded stretches in the predicted secondary structure(s) of RNA targets
Authors: Neugroschl Atara , Catrina Irina E.
Published: August 2023

Nucleic acid probes are valuable tools in biology and chemistry and are indispensable for PCR amplification of DNA, RNA quantification and visualization, and downregulation of gene expression. Recently, triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFO) have received increased attention due to their improved selectivity and sensitivity in recognizing purine-rich double-stranded RNA regions at physiological pH by incorporating backbone and base modifications. For example, triplex-forming peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligomers have been used for imaging a structured RNA in cells and inhibiting influenza A replication. Although a handful of programs are available to identify triplex target sites (TTS) in DNA, none are available that find such regions in structured RNAs. Here, we describe TFOFinder, a Python program that facilitates the identification of intramolecular purine-only RNA duplexes that are amenable to forming parallel triple helices (pyrimidine/purine/pyrimidine) and the design of the corresponding TFO(s). We performed genome- and transcriptome-wide analyses of TTS in Drosophila melanogaster and found that only 0.3% (123) of total unique transcripts (35,642) show the potential of forming 12-purine long triplex forming sites that contain at least one guanine. Using minimization algorithms, we predicted the secondary structure(s) of these transcripts, and using TFOFinder, we found that 97 (79%) of the identified 123 transcripts are predicted to fold to form at least one TTS for parallel triple helix formation. The number of transcripts with potential purine TTS increases when the strict search conditions are relaxed by decreasing the length of the probe or by allowing up to two pyrimidine inversions or 1-nucleotide bulge in the target site. These results are encouraging for the use of modified triplex forming probes for live imaging of endogenous structured RNA targets, such as pre-miRNAs, and inhibition of target-specific translation and viral replication.
Cost-effectiveness of implementing risk-based cardiovascular disease (CVD) management using updated WHO CVD risk prediction charts in India
Authors: Sivanantham Parthibane , S. Mathan Kumar , Essakky Saravanan , Singh Malkeet , Ghosh Srobana , Mehndiratta Abha , Kar Sitanshu Sekhar
Published: August 2023

Introduction

The World Health Organization (WHO) has released the updated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction charts in 2019 for each of the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions. The WHO advocates countries to implement population-based CVD risk assessment and management using these updated charts for preventing and controlling CVDs.

Objective

To assess the cost-effectiveness of implementing risk-based CVD management using updated WHO CVD risk prediction charts in India

Methods

We developed a decision tree combined with Markov Model to simulate implementing two community-based CVD risk screening strategies (interventions) compared with the current no-screening scenario. In the first strategy, the whole population is initially screened using the WHO non-lab-based CVD risk assessment method, and those with ≥10% CVD risk are subjected to WHO lab-based CVD risk assessment (two-stage screening). In the second strategy, the whole population is subjected only to the lab-based CVD risk assessment (single-stage screening). A mathematical cohort of those aged ≥40 years with no history of CVD events was simulated over a lifetime horizon with three months of cycle length. Data for the model were derived from a primary study and secondary sources. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were determined for the screening strategies and sensitivity analyses.

Results

The discounted Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio per QALY gained for both the two-stage (US$ 105; ₹ 8,656) and single-stage (US$ 1073; ₹ 88,588) screening strategies were cost-effective at an implementation effect of 40% when compared with no screening scenario. Implementing CVD screening strategies are estimated to cause substantial reduction in the number of CVD events in the population compared to the no screening scenario.

Conclusion

In India, both CVD screening strategies would be cost-effective, and implementing the two-staged screening would be more cost-effective. Our findings support implementing population-based CVD screening in India. Future studies shall assess the budget impact of these strategies at different implementation coverage levels.