bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Virulence Factors On Streptococcus Pneumoniae in Vitro Growth
Authors: Mohd Amin Nor Munirah , Enche Othman Mohammad Izwan , Satiman Engku Anis Fariha Engku Nasrullah , Abdul Aziz Nur Jannah , Mohamed Rehan Aisyah , Shahdan Intan Azura , Md. Azahri Nor Saadah , Mohd Desa Mohd Nasir , Yusof Hanafi Hanani Ahmad
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae remains as a major causative agent for morbidity and mortality cases in the world. The pathogenicity of this bacterium is attributed to many virulence factors. These factors, though not all had been extensively investigated at the molecular level in various mutant studies. However, of these studies, none of them were using local Malaysian isolate. Materials and Methods: Therefore, to better understand the growth pattern of local mutants a growth curve study and optochin disk susceptibility test were conducted. Several virulence genes (i.e hyl, ugl, ccpA, nanA, and ply) were targeted for this local mutant construction. Pneumococcal mutants were constructed by employing genome-wide deletion technique using high throughput polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Linear knockout construct was established by fusing the kanamycin resistance protein encoding gene, aphA-3 with 1 Kb homologous sequence up and down stream of the respective targeted genes. The gene was knocked out by allelic replacement mechanism. Results: Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) gene cluster mutants (∆hyl- and ∆ugl-) took two days compared to 3 others to grow on brain heart infusion (BHI)-kanamycin agar plate following transformation. This indicated a variance in the mutant growth pattern. Therefore, a growth curve study was conducted to validate the previous observation. We report different time span of log phase in growth curve pattern of mutants relative to the wild type strain. Meanwhile, comparison of zone of inhibition using optochin disk showed non-identical inhibition diameter (≥ 14mm) corresponding to the wild type (14.3mm). Conclusion: The difference in growth pattern was attributed to nutritional role of certain gene.
Ethical Justification in Medical Futility and Advanced Medical Directive from The Islamic Perspective
Authors: Osman Ariff , Che Mohamad Che Anuar , Mohd Azaman Faizatul Najihah , Abd Ghani Muhamad Rasydan , Arif Shahar Mohammad , Tahir Mohd Faiz , Abdul Rahim Muhamad Shahrir , Mahmud Mek Wok , Mohamad Hasbullah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Medical futility and advanced medical directive are related issues in end-of-life medical decisions that present challenge to doctors and patients in terminal condition and to doctors and family members of patients who are critically ill in the ICU. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study comprises of literature search and an in-depth interview of experts was carried out to determine the clinical situations in medical futility and the ethical considerations from the Islamic perspective that justify forgoing medical treatment and also the practice of advanced medical directives in the country. Results: In such scenarios, clinical data must be interpreted alongside patient values, as well as the physicians’ ethical commitments. From the Islamic perspective, doctors are the authorised person to diagnose medical futility and forgo medical treatment. Forgoing treatment is permissible as long as it conforms to the maqasid and qawaid al-shariah principles that guide the decision-making process. The practice of advanced medical directive is still at its infancy in this country. From the Islamic perspective, upon considering the maqasid and qawaid al-shariah principles, it should be permissible and its practice should be encouraged as it assists the doctors and the surrogate decision-maker to decide to the withdrawal of treatment. Conclusion: Ethical justification on medical futility conforms to the maqasid and qawaid al-shariah principles and forgoing medical treatment is permissible in Islam. Advanced medical directive assists in the decision-making of forgoing treatment in the presence of utility and thus its practice should be promoted.
Good Recovery Of Prostate Carcinoma with Spine Metastases to T9 Following Laminectomy
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Wafiuddin , Roslan Ahmad Faizal , Jasni Muhammad Jasfizal , Khan Ed Simor Khan Mor Japar
Published: January 2021

We present a rare case of a patient diagnosed with prostate carcinoma with spine metastases of T9 vertebrae whom had good neurological recovery following decompression. Six months post surgery patient was able to ambulate with a walking aid. About 6.7% of prostate cancer patient will have spinal compression. A 65 year old gentleman diagnosed with prostate carcinoma 2 years ago done orchidectomy and chemotherapy, presented with progressive worsening of bilateral lower limb weakness and numbness for 5 months duration associated with back pain. On admission the Visual Analog Score for back pain was 5/10. Neurological examination revealed complete paralysis of bilateral lower limb, absent bilateral knee and ankle jerk and sensation. Plain radiograph and MRI showed osteoblastic bone metastases at T9 level with epidural extension. A wide laminectomy of T9 vertebra while preserving the bilateral facet joint was done. No instrumentation was needed as there were no significant vertebral body collapsed due to the osteoblastic nature of the lesion. Six months after the surgery patient showed good neurological recovery with the power of MRC grade 4 for bilateral lower limb and Visual Analog Score for back pain reduced significantly. Numerous study had shown poor outcome in Frankel grade A in terms neurological recovery post decompression. It is a rare outcome that the motor power regained from 0 to 4, free from back pain and able to regain normal urinary and bowel function. As his surgery was a palliative surgery, his quality of life had improved markedly.
Level of Sexual and Reproductive Health Knowledge and Attitude Among Early Adolescent
Authors: Abd Aziz Karimah Hanim , Aida Jamani Nurjasmine , Lahasan Nur Wajihah , Che Ujang Syazwana Amirah , Hanafiah Nur Ili Dalia Mohd Ali
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Topic on sexuality has largely remained a taboo subject for discussion between parents and their children in Malaysia, which might contributed to increase sexual activity among adolescent age group. This study was undertaken to assess the level of knowledge, attitude and their associated factors among standard 4 and 5 students in a primary school in Kuantan, Pahang. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 281 students from standard 4 and 5 students using a self-administered validated Malay version KAPSRH questionnaire. Universal sampling was used for selection of students who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Descriptive statistics was used to explain respondents' background characteristics and multiple logistic regression was used to find the association. Results: Of the 252 students completed the surveys, 135 were males and 117 were females with the mean age of 10.47. It was found that more that half students reported to have good knowledge (56.3%) and attitude (59.4%) towards sexual and reproductive health. Year of study (p<0.0001), involvement in religious activities (p<0.0001) and household income were associated with both knowledge and attitude. While prayers (p=0.04), practice fasting (p=0.03), mothers' education (p<0.0001), fathers' education (p<0.0001) and fathers' working status (p=0.04) were associated with good attitude only. Conclusion: Although majority of the students have good level of sexual and reproductive health knowledge and attitude , there is still room for improvement. Parents, schools and health care providers are challenged with the task of providing adolescents with accessible sexual and reproductive health information to promote healthy sexual and reproductive lives.
Mental Health and Early Adolsecent: A Prevalence Study
Authors: Abd Aziz Karimah Hanim , Jamani Nurjasmine Aida , Aziz Nur Wal Affa , Hamdan Fatin Shahira
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Prevalence of mental health problems among children and adolescent is increasing in trend as reported in the National Health Morbidity Survey (NHMS). Male, younger age group and from low socioeconomic status were at higher risk to develop this problem. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of mental health problems and their associated factors among young adolescent in Kuantan, Pahang. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 211 standard 4 and 5 (aged 10-11) students in July 2017. A validated Malay version Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ) which consisted of five problem subdomains (emotional, conduct, hyperactivity, peer and prosocial) was filled by parents. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of mental health problems among young adolescents was 16.3%. The commonest mental health problems were peer (45.8%), conduct (27.2%) and prosocial (18.7%). Higher household income (OR: 2.66, CI: 1.186-5.995), higher household number (OR: 0.593, Cl: 0.416-0.845) and no family history of mental illness (OR: 24.53, CI: 1.506-399.65) were associated with mental health problems. Conclusion: We found that the prevalence of mental health problems was higher than that was reported by NHMS in 2015. Adolescents from higher household income family and no family history of mental problems were more likely to develop emotional problems. However, higher household number was found to be a protective factor against mental health problems.
Midterm Outcome of Total Knee Arthroplasty in East Coast Population of Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan Kuantan
Authors: Noor Rahin Mohd Shahidan , Dzulkifly Ahmad Hafiz , Anwar Ali Harris
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Total knee replacement (TKR) is an excellent advancement in medical treatment which gives good joint function and pain relief for degenerative diseases of joint since it was introduced in Malaysia since 1970. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the midterm functional outcome of patients undergone TKR using the NexGen LPS Flex prosthesis between January 2005 until April 2006 in primary osteoarthritis patients in our local east coast population. Materials and Methods: Forty six patients, 87% female (n=40) and 13% male (n=6), aged 54 to 81 (mean, 69±5.69) years underwent primary TKR using the hi-flex knee prosthesis (Zimmer) performed by two different surgeons were followed up for a minimal of five years. All used the same technique of surgery, medial parapatellar incision, cruciate substitute and cemented. Assesment were made based on the quality of life outcome score (SF-36) and the Oxford-12 knee scoring system questionnaires. Results: Oxford-12 revealed that patients had mild problems in terms of function and pain with the average function and pain score of 14.35±4.21 and 9.28±3.01 compared to a maximum possible score of 35 and 25 respectively. For eight health domains of SF-36, patients had the highest score (i.e. good health) for role emotional (RE), followed by mental health (MH), and social functioning (SF). This resulted in a higher score for mental component summary (MCS) than physical component summary (PCS). Since a low score of Oxford-12 indicates a better state of health compared to high score for SF-36, negative correlation between them was expected. Conclusion: The NexGen LPS-Flex TKR had good midterm functional outcome. Overall, TKR were found to be effective in terms of improvement in health-related quality-of-life dimensions.
Mortality Following Hip Fractures in the Elderly: Relation with Timing of Fixation, Length of Hospital Stay and Comorbidities
Authors: Khalid Khairul Mohd , Nik Mohd Najmi Nik Mohd Fatmy , Yusof Mohamad Fauzlie
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The incidence of hip fractures in Malaysia was 218 per 100,000 for females and 88 per 100,000 for men and they are associated with mortality rate up to 33 % at 1 year as shown by international studies. There are no local studies available in regards to mortality rate and associated factors. We aimed to determine mortality rate in elderly patient following hip fractures within 1 year. In addition, we evaluated the association of timing of fixation, length of hospital stay and number of comorbidities with mortality in these patients. Materials And Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Hospital Melaka. All patients aged 65 and older who were admitted and underwent surgery for hip fractures from January 2014 to January 2017 were included. Patients or relatives were contacted via phone calls to determine their status of living. From the records, timing of fixation, length of hospital stay and number of comorbidities were recorded. Results: Mortality rate at 1 year was 10.55%. From Simple Logistic Regression analysis, all three factors of timing of fixation, length of hospital stay and number of comorbidities were found to have significant value less than 0.25. From Multiple Logistic Regression, only length of stay was found to be significant (p<0.0001). The significant variable can be interpreted as follows: a person with one day longer in hospital stay has 1.89 times the chance to be deceased at 1 year. Conclusion: This study shows 10.55% mortality rate at 1 year following hip fractures in the elderly. There were an association between mortality and timing of fixation, length of hospital stay and patients’ comorbidities.
Oral Condition Between Assisted Reproductive Technology Children And Natural Conceived Children
Authors: Mohd Kenali Norzaiti , Mohamad Basir Mohd Syazwan Aidid , Lokhman Mohd Firdaus , Sukmasari Susi , Ramli Roszaman
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) children were shown to have higher neurological and musculoskeletal disorder. However, limited number of studies found concerning oral condition of ART children. This research aimed to determine oral condition between ART children and Natural Conceived (NC) children. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 34 subjects, 17 ART children and 17 NC children. Intraoral examination and orthopantomogram (OPG) radiograph were done in these subjects. Any abnormalities of tooth development such as number and tooth structure was recorded. Caries experience of both groups were recorded using decayed, missing, filled tooth (dmft) index. Descriptive analysis and Mann-Whitney’s Test were used. Results: Most of the participants were female (58.8%) and majority aged 7 to 8 years old (47.1%). Of the patients, 70.6% of ART group were from intra-uterine insemination (IUI) technique while 29.4% were from in-vitro fertilization (IVF). One hypodontia case were found in each group. Caries experience in primary teeth were significantly lower in the ART group compared the NC group, with p value of 0.003. Conclusion: Children in ART group experience less dental caries in the primary teeth compared with NC children. However, there was a comparable case of tooth developmental defect in both groups.
Outcomes Of Proximal Femur Metastases After Surgical Fixation: A Two Centres Study
Authors: Apandi Nur Lidawati , Liang Goh Kian , Awang Mohd Shukrimi
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Surgery to skeletal metastases of proximal femur is important to reduce morbidity and improve quality of life. However, choice of surgery still remain debatable. This study evaluated functional outcome and survival rate in patients after skeletal reconstructive surgery. Material and Methods: Thirty patients for skeletal metastasis over the proximal femur fracture were performed in two centres. The choice of implant, complications, survival rate (using Kaplan Meier) and functional outcome (MSTS score) were evaluated. Results: Endoprosthesis was the most common procedure performed (17 patients), followed by osteosyntheses (13 patients). Total hip replacement (9 patients) and hemiarthroplasty (8 patients) was almost of the same proportion used as endoprosthesis implant. Plating osteosynthesis by using Dynamic Hip Screw was the most common surgical procedure (6 patients) performed followed by Interlocking Nail (4 patients) and Proximal Femoral Nail (3 patients). There were total of ten complications, of which four were due to systemic issues and six due to implant related problems. Survival rate at one year after surgery was 83.3% and at 3 years was 61.9%. The mean MSTS score six months post-operative was 71%. Conclusion: Patients with skeletal metastasis had a prolonged survival rate and should undergo skeletal reconstruction to reduce morbidity and improve quality of life. The surgical construct should be stable and outlast the patient to avoid further surgery.
Predictive Factors of Major Lower Extremity Amputations in Diabetic Foot Infection: A Cross-sectional Study in Three District Hospitals
Authors: Yi Kow Ren
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Limb amputation in diabetic patients is associated with severe economic, social and psychological effects on patients and their families. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive factors of major lower limb amputation among patients with diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study involved patients from a cluster of three district hospitals in Pahang, Malaysia (Hospital Kuala Lipis, Hospital Raub, and Hospital Bentong) from the 1 st September 2014 to the 31st December 2015. Age, sex, ethiniticy, facilities, presence of hypertension, duration of illness, fever, haemoglobin level, white blood cell level, urea, creatinine, history of more than three limb salvaging surgeries, diagnosis and tissue culture were assessed to determine the predictive factors of major lower limb amputation. Results: History of more than three times limb salvaging surgeries, white blood cell count more than 15x109 /L and longer duration of disease were significant predictive factors of major lower limb amputations in patients with diabetic foot infections. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of initial limb salvaging surgeries as history of more than three times limb salvaging surgeries is a predictive factors of major amputation in diabetic foot infection.
Prevalence of Thyroid Disorders in Pregnant Women In Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan & International Islamic University Malaysia Medical Centre
Authors: Mohd Azemi Nurul Azyati , Zainal Abidin Nur Afirah , Mohd Amin Adlina Nadhirah , Daraup Salmi , Zakaria Miza Hiryanti , Shahar Mohammad Arif
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Data on the burden of thyroid disease in pregnant women in our community is scarce albeit the detrimental effects it brought to both the mother and fetus if left untreated. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid disorders, socio-demography distribution, and method of diagnosis in pregnant women of both tertiary centres in Kuantan, Pahang. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross sectional study involving patients under follow ups at the Endocrine and Obstetric Clinics of Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA) and International Islamic University Malaysia Medical Center (IIUM MC) from the 1st January until the 30th June 2017. Out of 923 pregnant women, 29 were found to have thyroid disorders. Detailed demographic data and thyroid function test readings were taken from their medical records and thyroid status were determined from TSH and FT4 readings using the trimester-specific thyroid reference range. Results: The prevalence of thyroid disorders in both centres was 3.14%, with specific prevalence of 2.80% for HTAA and 6.12% for IIUM MC. Nearly half of them were hyperthyroid (47.85%), 17.4% was hypothyroid and Graves’ disease dominated the diagnosis of thyroid disease (30.43%). Significant association was found in weight changes with patients’ thyroid status; reduction in weight in first trimester and increment in weight in second trimester were mainly seen in the hyperthyroid group (p<0.01, p=0.027). Conclusion: The acceptable prevalence of 3.14% for thyroid disorders in pregnancy could be contributed by the iodine availability in this community. High prevalence of Graves’ disease warrants future screening for maternal thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin amongst hyperthyroid women.
A Good Night’s Sleep: A Narrative Review from Islamic Perspectives in Relation to Modern Sciences
Authors: Mohamad Nor Zaswiza , Nabilah Yusoff Nurul , Fakhrol Razi Fasiha Ruhila , Sanusi Nurul Atiqah
Published: January 2021

As a biological universal, it is easy to overlook the degree to which culture and religion shape how people sleep, and how quality sleep is conceptualized. In the Western world, sleep hygiene tips are important for an individual to get “a good night’s sleep”. Meanwhile, sleep is also important from an Islamic perspective, which, the Quran and Hadith discuss on its types, importance and quality practices. In modern sciences, sleep deprivation is regarded as a significant health issue, however from an Islamic point of view, long sleep hours alone do not determine the efficiency of sleep, but rather it depends on various other factors and follows the sleeping etiquettes of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). This narrative review was conducted to highlight sleep from Islamic perspectives in relation to modern sciences. Selected articles discussing sleep from Islamic perspectives and modern sciences were reviewed and summarized. These articles were retrieved from searches of computerized databases and search engines using keywords “Sleep from Islamic perspective”, “Sleep in modern science”, “Sleep hygiene”, “Western world and sleep”, “Sleep deprivation” and “Quality sleep”. A number of six studies were selected (n=6). Analyses found that a productive Muslim sleep routine is divided into three parts; one-third, respectively, for Allah, ourselves and sleep. Sleep hygiene was emphasized and discussed from the Islamic perspectives and the relation with modern sciences: performing ablution and supplicate before sleep, could prepare the body for a deep sleep; dusting the bed before sleep, would get rid of insects that lead to scabies; turning-off lights before sleep to maintain dark environment, could prevent disruption to normal circadian rhythms; early bedtime and early wake-up time, would ensure adequate sleep thus lower the risk of getting chronic diseases; washing the hands after waking -up would get rid of germs accumulated during sleep; and, lying down on the right side is to prevent snoring and to avoid the heart under pressure of the right lung (if lying on the left side). People should not abandon sleep as an important requirement. What has been described in the Quran and Hadith are corresponded with sleep hygiene as identified by modern sleep scientists. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) also stressed the importance of sleep for good health, and in the Quran, sleep is described as a blessing from Allah and stressed the importance of the alteration of night and day.
A review on anticipatory grief and lessons learnt from the history of Abu Bakr r.a.
Authors: M.R Najwa Hanim , Irwan H Jefri , Al Siddiq S.M Muhammad , Jannah N Nor , Azlin R Zul , Faiz M.T Md
Published: January 2021

Grief is defined as ‘the internal experience of a person to the loss of something loved and valued’. It is a normal and expected reaction to loss. While anticipatory grief is defined as ‘an emotional response that is experienced before a true loss’, a concept focusing on that a person might experience grief when the loss of a close loved one was anticipated, but had not yet occurred. The history of Abu Bakr r.a. was reviewed especially from the period of a few months before and recently after the death of the prophet s.a.w. It was noted that he appeared strong while others were down grieving upon the news of the prophet s.a.w.’s death. It was also noted that Abu Bakr r.a. has been grieving when he anticipated that the prophet was going to die. Literatures on anticipatory grief were reviewed. Evidence are conflicting on the role of anticipatory grief. Factors that lead to these differences will be reviewed. The protective factors in Abu Bakr r.a. that helped maintain his composure after the death of prophet Muhammad s.a.w. and later led him to be pledged as the first caliph of the Muslim nation will be discussed.
Depression, Anxiety, And Stress Among Adolescents In Kuantan And Its Association With Religiosity- A Pilot Study
Authors: Mohamad Ahmad Safwan , Draman Samsul , Md Aris Mohd Aznan , Musa Ramli , Mohd Rus Razman , Malik Maszlee
Published: January 2021

Adolescence is a period of time when the development of personality and psychology is taking place. Studies have shown that religiosity can affect the mental health of a person. Many tools have been developed to assess religiosity of a person; one of them is the Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith (SCSORF) scale. In this study, a translation and validation for SCSORF Malay Version (SCSORF-M) is done, and subsequently used to look for the association between religiosity and mental health in adolescents. Fifty questionnaire papers have been distributed to 50 students in secondary schools in district of Kuantan. The mean score for depression, anxiety, and stress are 5.83, 5.59, and 8.34 respectively. Only 10 (24.4%) have no depression, 9 (22%) have no anxiety, and 13 (31.7%) have no stress. The mean score for SCSORF-M scale was 35.3 (range 25-40). Family income has shown to correspond negatively with the depression, anxiety, and stress, while religiosity has shown to be correlating negatively with depression and stress, but positive correlation with anxiety. SCSORF-M has positive convergent correlation with Duke’s University Religiosity Index Malay Version (DUREL-M) in all domains. SCSORF-M has shown good Cronbach’s alpha value (0.84). In conclusion, religiosity is an important factor to contribute to the outcome of mental health among adolescents. SCSORF-M can be used as an assessment tool for religiosity.
Hearing Impairment from the Islamic Perspective: A Review
Authors: Rahmat Sarah , Othman Nur Ain , Sulaiman Nur Hafizah , Jusoh Masnira , Izani Mohammad Haseef , Dzulkarnain Ahmad Aidil Arafat , Zakaria Nur ‘Azzah , Tukiran Nur Hanisah , Ismail Noraidah , Marina Lamri Marina L. Alisaputri @ , Jamaluddin Saiful Adli , Marhaban Juliana Aminah , Aslynn W. A. Wan , Mohamed Zain Nor Azrita , Hanafiah Nurlin Ali
Published: January 2021

Introduction: This discussion paper aims to synthesise available literature on hearing sciences from Islamic perspective and to relate this to the current hearing care practices. The paper focuses on several main scopes: i) the importance of sense of hearing from Islamic and scientific perspectives ii) impacts of hearing impairment iii) limitations in understanding and practicing Islamic teaching due to hearing impairment, iv) Islamic responsibility towards people with hearing impairment, v) current available methods to facilitate Islamic practices among hearing impaired people, and vi) incorporating Islamization in hearing care practice. Design: Narrative review and synthesis Method: Related publications and references were identified through several ways: i) by structured searches in PubMed, Google scholar, Web of Knowledge and Science Direct using the combinations of ‘Islam’, ‘hearing impairment’, ‘hearing loss’, ‘hearing’, ‘social’, learning’, ‘memory’, ‘disability’, ‘Islamic responsibility’, and ‘learning for deaf’ as key words, ii) by inspecting the reference lists of relevant articles, and iii) by identification of relevant references from Quran and Hadith by authors who have background in Quranic studies. Results: The number of publications within the audiology field, which address the aforementioned scopes, is rather limited. Additionally, a review and synthesis of literature from other related fields such as medical, health, and education, with references from Quran and Hadith, were also carried out to facilitate the discussion of the above mentioned scopes. Conclusion: This paper concludes that there is an emerging trend for the studies of hearing and Islam in the literature. Facilitating hearing impaired people in understanding and practicing Islam becomes a shared obligation for parents, society, and the patients themselves. This discussion also identifies that there is a need for more contributions from Muslim scholars in integrating and implementing the Islamic principles in current hearing care practices.
Identification of Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (bHCG) Expression in Frozen Cleavage Embryo of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Patients: An Essential Approach for Better Outcome towards Human Being Inheritance in Line with Maqasid Syari’ah Concept
Authors: Md Isa Lokman , Mat Yusof Afzan , Ramli Roszaman , Ahmad Arifin Syamsul , Emalina Fatin , Abdul Wahab Azantee Yazmie
Published: January 2021

Expression of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (bHCG) mRNA in early cleavage cell stages is important in predicting embryo viability at blastocyst stage of development. Embryo viability is crucial for in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment to be successful in terms of increment of implantation and pregnancy rate. In order to establish fertilization outside the human body, optimum condition mimicking the natural body environment like hormones and growth factors as well as impeccable timing must be established. Imam Muslim narrated from Hudhayfa ibn Asad that the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said: “After the sperm-andovum drop (nut.fa) has been [in the uterus] forty-two days, Allah sends it an angel that gives it form and fashions its hearing, sight, skin, flesh, and skeleton”. Therefore the aim of this study is to find the significant association of bHCG expression with early cell stage cleavages and its relationship as predictive marker for potential embryo implantation. Our study focuses on leftover frozen embryos from eight patients consists of six pregnant patients and two non-pregnant patients. We assessed the human bHCG mRNA expression at different cell cleavage stages in these frozen embryos using reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Our results have shown three out of eight patients with five to ten cells of blastomeres were expressed with bHCG. This study indicated that bHCG was expressed on frozethawed late cleavage stage of embryos in IVF patients.
Modern Investigation toward Shari’ah Compliance: Squatting Uroflowmetry
Authors: Redzuan Muhd Zaki Azre , Kamarulzaman Mohd Nazli , Ghazali Hamid
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION: Standard uroflowmetry is performed in a standing position and it is an important investigation for those who are suspected of having lower urinary tract symptoms such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Effects of changing positions during uroflowmetry have also been investigated previously but mixed conclusions were made. For Muslims, voiding in squatting position is encouraged as part as daily practice. This is mainly due to cleanliness reason and many Hadiths have emphasised about it. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare uroflowmetry findings between squatting and standing positions amongst BPH patients attending urology clinic Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA).  Methods: This is a cross section observational study carried out from March 2015 to December 2015. The maximum flow rate, average flow rate, voiding volume, total voiding time and post-voiding residual volume were measured and recorded. Results: The results were then compared and analysed. 64.2% of patients were non-Muslims. 78.0% of the patients voiding habit were standing and 12.2% squatting position at home. The average International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) was 12.07 and 63.4% of them were in moderate group disease. Post void residual (PVR) volume showed a reduction in squatting position (p<0.05). Otherwise there was no significant difference seen in other parameters. Conclusion: This study showed that voiding in squatting position, which is shari’ah compliant is not inferior compare to standard uroflowmetry. Therefore Muslim patients should be given the option to perform uroflowmetry in a squatting position if available. This may yield better results.
The Islamic Perspective of Lingual Dens Evaginatus in a Mandibular Left Second Premolar: A Case Report
Authors: Kusumawardani Anisa , Ardini Yunita Dewi , Hasan Taufiq Hidayat
Published: January 2021

Dens evaginatus (DE) is a developmental anomaly. It is an extra cusp or tubercle that protrudes from the occlusal surface of posterior teeth, as well as the lingual surface of anterior teeth. Tubercles are susceptible to pulp exposure from wear or fracture because of malocclusion;leading to pulpal complications early after eruption.DE may also complicate the process of daily routine oral health care. A 13-year-old girl presented to our polyclinic with sinus track at the posterior lower left buccal gingiva forthe past1 year. All 35 teeth were sound. At the lingual side, there was an accessory tooth in close relation to tooth 35 covered with supra-gingival inflammation. Electric pulp test (EPT) showed that tooth 35 was already non-vital. Intraoral periapical (IOPA) radiograph and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan showed an abnormalappearing root which shows DE with radiolucency at the periapical area. Root canal treatment was performed using crown down pressureless (CDP) technique and obturation was done using lateral condensation technique. The tooth was restored using composite restoration. DE is a rare condition. It is quite a challenge for dental practitioner since the diagnosis is difficult and the treatment options are limited. In the case of DE with necrotic pulp and periapical abscess, root canal treatment is a treatment of choice. We have to accept and appreciate any gift from Allah SWT whether it is good or bad, no equal divine creation except from Allah SWT.Therefore we need to take care of our oral hygiene to prevent diseases. In every disease, there is a cure; we thus need to try to do the best to find the cure and to not easily get rid of the tooth and replace it with a denture. Early diagnosis of DE can lead to proper treatment which can result in high success rate if it is followed by adequate restoration.
Pragmalinguistic characteristics of euphemia as a mean of implication in diplomatic discourse (based on the speeches by Gerhard Schröder)
Authors: Krivko Daria Andreevna
Published: January 2021

The article discovers the phenomenon of euphemia through pragmalinguistic knowledge. The research focuses on the pragmatic grounds of euphemisms, which are the most important components in the encoding implicit information. The authors also provide an analysis of those pragmatic grounds that were actualized in the diplomatic speeches by Gerhard Schröder.
Desmoplastic Malignant Melanoma with the Invasion of the Orbit
Authors: Treskova Inka , Treskova Inka , V Woznica , Z Kasl
Published: January 2021

Malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive skin tumors with an increasing incidence and high
mortality. The aim of this article is to draw attention to the difficulties of differential diagnosis of malignant
melanoma and the importance of early surgical treatment. The authors describe a case of locally advanced
desmoplastic malignant melanoma located in the periorbital area of 73-year-old patient, causing massive
ulceration, expansion to skull base and orbit, and psychological deterioration of the patient.
Pendampingan Pelaksanaan Pendidikan Anti Korupsi di SD ‘Aisyiyah dan SD Muhammadiyah 8 Kota Malang
Authors: Cahyani Tinuk Dwi , Danawati Murtyas Galuh , Kurniawan Kukuh Dwi
Published: January 2021

Korupsi adalah tindakan pejabat publik, baik politisi maupun pegawai negeri, serta pihak lain yang terlibat dalam tindakan itu yang secara tidak wajar dan tidak legal menyalahgunakan kepercayaan publik yang dikuasakan kepada mereka untuk mendapatkan keuntungan sepihak. Dalam usaha pencegahan dan pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi, tri pusat Pendidikan mempunyai hak dan tanggung jawab untuk berperan serta dalam upaya pencegahan dan pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi. Tri pusat Pendidikan merupakan istilah dalam bidang Pendidikan yang berarti memberdayakan sinergitas lingkungan keluarga, sekolah, dan masyarakat. Kurangnya pengetahuan dan pengalaman mengenai korupsi dan pendidikan anti korupsi (pemahaman tentang materi, konsep, dan cara mengajarkan kepada siswa) di SD ’Aisyiyah Kota Malang dan SD Muhammadiyah 8 Kota Malang. Oleh karena itu, tim pengabdi masyarakat UMM bekerja sama dengan SD ’Aisyiyah Kota Malang dan SD Muhammadiyah 8 Kota Malang untuk mengadakan Focus Group Discussion (FDG) tentang pendidikan anti korupsi. Melalui kegiatan FDG diharapkan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh SD ’Aisyiyah Kota Malang dan SD Muhammadiyah 8 Kota Malang dapat teratasi dengan baik sehingga kasus-kasus yang terjadi mengenai korupsi, yang sekarang sedang marak di wilayah Malang Raya tidak akan terjadi lagi di masa yang akan dating. Selain itu, tim pengabdi juga melakukan pendampingan pembelajaran pendidikan anti korupsi melalui blue print yaitu Standar Operasional Prosedural (SOP) dan Tata tertib sekolah sebagai tolok ukur keberhasilan pendidikan anti korupsi dalam pembelajaran. Pendidikan anti korupsi memiliki 9 nilai yang ditanamkan kepada anak didik, namun dalam pengabdian kali ini tim pengabdi hanya melaksanakan 3 nilai dari 9 nilai-nilai yang ada dalam pendidikan anti korupsi. Dalam pelaksanaan di lokasi mitra pengabdian yang bisa dilakukan yakni melalui 3 nilai yang ditanamkan kepada anak didiknya yaitu nilai jujur, nilai disiplin dan nilai bertanggungjawab. Nilai jujur memiliki indikator antara lain adalah mengakui kesalahan, tidak melakukan perbuatan curang, tidak berbohong, tidak mengakui milik orang lain sebagai miliknya. Nilai disiplin memiliki indikator yakni terbiasa mengerjakan pekerjaan sesuai dengan aturannya (bangun, tidur, istirahat, belajar, bermain tepat waktu), terbiasa antri secara tertib dalam berbagai hal. Nilai tanggungjawab memiliki indikator yakni selalu menyelesaikan pekerjaan atau tugas-tugas secara tuntas dengan hasil terbaik.
Penyuluhan Hukum: Urgensi Perjanjian Kerja bagi Calon Pekerja Migran di Kabupaten Ponorogo
Authors: Izziyana Wafda Vivid , Rahmawati Ida Yeni , Surisman Surisman , Rimbawan Andhika Yuli
Published: January 2021

Kegiatan Ipteks bagi Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan wawasan dalam memahami perjanjian kerja bagi calon pekerja migran Ponorogo,  melalui penyuluhan hukum dalam bentuk sosialisasi bagi calon pekerja migran ponorogo, penyuluhan hukum ini memberikan penjelasan, 3 tahapan yang wajib di ketahui, calon pekerja migran dalam memahami perjanjian kerja antara PPTKIS, Agen Negara Tujuan, dan Pemberi kerja. Sehingga calon pekerja migran Kabupaten Ponorogo tau tugas dan haknya. selain itu pekerja migran juga dapat memahami aturan dalam bekerja di negara tujuan. Metode yang akan diterapkan dalam kegiatan Iptek bagi Masyarakat ini yaitu Penyuluhan hukum, materi yang akan di berikan antara laian pemahaman hukum perjanjian, tata cara dalam melakukan perjanjian kontrak kerja, pihak yang akan melaksanakan perjanjian kerja. Sehingga Pada akhirnya, dari pelaksanaan program pengabdian ini diharapkan calon pekerja migran akan memahami dan meminimalisisr permasalahan-permasalahan yang akan timbul di kemudian hari.
INVESTIGATION OF THE INTERSECTION POINTS OF DISSIMILAR REMARKABLE LINES IN AN ACUTE-ANGLED TRIANGLE
Authors: Akopov V.V.
Published: January 2021

It is known that the study of geometry begins with a triangle and to some extent it is the basis of geometric science. It is also known that new properties are constantly being discovered, and often many of them are associated with remarkable points and lines of the triangle. This article deals with the study of the intersection points of dissimilar remarkable lines in an acute-angled triangle.
INFLUENCE OF FACTORS ON THE FORMATION OF BANK RESOURCES
Authors: Peregudova T.A. , Belyaeva A.A.
Published: January 2021

The Bank forms its resource base under the influence of various factors, which determines its structure and volume, and subsequently affects the result of the credit institution as a whole. Therefore, at present in its activities a credit institution on an ongoing basis monitor the behavior of counterparties and customers in the process of formation of the resource base. The article discusses the theoretical and practical aspects of the issue-the influence of factors on the formation of the resource base of a bank
MULTICULTURALISM AND EAST COUNTRIES
Authors: Makhmudov K.F.
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the main causes and historical conditions of the formation of multiculturalism in different parts of the world. It was found that getting rid of nationalism, establishing “tolerance”, eliminating old conflicts and adapting newly arrived immigrants were the main goal in shaping the ideology and policy of multiculturalism. An attempt is made to analyze the causes of differences between the main models of multiculturalism. Most western and some eastern countries over the past thirty years of the twentieth century have used different models of this policy. The successes of multiculturalism and the great interest in this policy in a number of eastern states show that, apart from Europe, these ideas have not lost their appeal. A successful example of the formation of harmonious relations between different ethnic groups and immigrants in the dynamically developing multinational and multiconfessional states of Asia put forward on the agenda the need for a new approach to the theory and practice of multiculturalism.
PEDAGOGICAL INNOVATION IN ARTISTIC LITERATURE
Authors: Serdyuchenko L.A.
Published: January 2021

The article discusses a pedagogical innovation that allows, through contact through the biointernet with Great Artists, Writers and Composers of the past, present and future, to create original works of art of high literary, artistic or composer qualities.
Caractérisation chimique et évaluation de l’activité antimicrobienne des flavonoïdes extraits des feuilles de Citrus clementina de la région de la Mitidja (Algérie)
Authors: Belguendouz R. , Khelifa H.
Published: January 2021

Les agrumes occupent une superficie importante de 65 000 ha en Algérie (2014), leurs fruits sont utilisés dans l’alimentation humaine sous forme fraîche ou transformée, mais les feuilles sont communément utilisées en phytothérapie traditionnelle. Les bienfaits constatés par la population nous ont incités à valoriser les feuilles de Citrus clementina récupérées après la taille des arbres, par l’évaluation de l’activité antimicrobienne et la caractérisation chimique de leurs extraits flavonoïdes. L’étude quantitative en composés flavonoïdes montre un rendement de 11,2 % en flavonesflavonols, de 12,36 % en anthocyanes, de 17,87 % en hétérosides et de 12,1 % en C-glycosides. L’étude par spectrophotomètre UV-visible révèle que l’extrait des feuilles renferme 2,48 ± 0,36 mg/g de flavones-flavonols, 3,33 ± 0,296 mg/g de C-glucosides, 0,34 ± 0,05 mg/g d’anthocyanes et 3,77 ± 0,20 mg/g d’hétérosides. L’analyse par HPLC de l’extrait de feuilles de clémentinier révèle sa contenance en acide gallique (35,849 %), acide ascorbique (35,849 %), acide caféique (area = 6,1803 %), acide benzoïque (6,1125 %), catéchine (23,4311 %) et rutine (6,0082 %). Ces extraits montrent une activité antimicrobienne variable à l’égard de tous les germes microbiens (Gram+, Gram– et levure) étudiés. L’extrait flavones-flavonols montre une forte activité antimicrobienne à l’égard des souches Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epdermidis, Echerichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa et Schacharomyces cervisai avec un diamètre supérieur à 20 mm et une concentration minimale d’inhibition (CMI) égale à 382, 150, 382 μg/ml et 0,380 mg/ml respectivement. Les autres extraits (anthocyanes et C-glycosides) ont un effet intermédiaire, faible ou absent sur les micro-organismes testés. Le pouvoir bactériostatique (CMI) de Staphylococcus aureus en milieu liquide est de 238 μg/ml, et le pouvoir bactéricide (concentration minimale bactéricide) est de 1,845 μg/ml. Cette méthode de dilution est plus précise que celle de milieu gélosé.
Phytothérapie et Covid-19. Une étude fondée sur une enquête dans le nord de l’Algérie
Authors: Hamdani F.Z. , Houari N.
Published: January 2021

Afin de sélectionner les plantes médicinales utilisées en médecine populaire pour traiter la Covid-19, une enquête en ligne a été menée dans différentes régions du nord de l’Algérie. Cinq cent personnes, dont 46 % atteintes de la Covid-19, appartenant à des groupes fermés sur Facebook, ont participé à cette étude. Les questions portaient sur des données socio-économiques des participants et leurs perceptions de l’utilisation des plantes médicinales pour prévenir la Covid-19. Les données de cette enquête ont montré qu’une grande partie de la population algérienne utilise les plantes médicinales pour se protéger de la Covid-19. Les participants ont utilisé 22 espèces appartenant à 12 familles pour traiter la Covid-19. Les plantes médicinales cumulées aux médicaments antiviraux au début du traitement améliorent la thérapie contre la Covid-19. La combinaison de la phytothérapie et de la médecine conventionnelle pourrait constituer une approche alternative au traitement de la Covid-19 à l’avenir.
“I’ll Do Business with Anyone”
Authors: Erlich Rakefet Ron , Gindi Shahar , Hisherik Michal
Published: January 2021

Given the surplus of Arab teachers and the shortage of Jewish teachers in Israel, the government has adopted the policy of employing Arab teachers in Jewish schools, contrary to the dominant nationalistic agenda. We argue that this low-cost solution meets the criteria for disruptive innovation in that it flies under the radar and has the potential to proliferate and change the existing social order. Through surveys and interviews with boundary-crossing Arab teachers, this article finds that teachers circumvent power structures in three social fields. In the Arab community, work in Jewish schools helps teachers bypass nepotism and provides a new path for upward mobility. In the education system, boundary-crossing teachers disrupt segregation. And at the state level, this innovation may improve Jewish-Arab relations.
Book Reviews
Authors: Myers David N. , Lahav Pnina , Abu-Rabia-Queder Sarab , Mahalel Adi , Strauss Lauren B.
Published: January 2021

Derek Penslar, Theodor Herzl: The Charismatic Leader (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2020), 256 pp. Hardback, $26.00.

Sharon Geva, Women in the State of Israel: The Early Years [in Hebrew] (Jerusalem: Magnes Publishing House, 2020), 304 pp. Paperback, $20.00. eBook, $13.00.

Vered Kraus and Yuval P. Yonay, Facing Barriers: Palestinian Women in a Jewish-Dominated Labor Market (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018), 298 pp. Hardback, $99.99.

Rachel Rojanski, Yiddish in Israel: A History (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2020), 338 pp. Hardback, $95.00. Paperback, $40.00. eBook, $19.99.

Shalom Goldman, Starstruck in the Promised Land: How the Arts Shaped American Passions about Israel (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2019), 256 pp. Hardback, $28.00. eBook, $21.99.