bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Empirical Assessment of Moroccan EFL Teachers’ Use of Generative AI for EFL Formal Assessment: An Intervention Study
Authors: Maryam Far-hat , Jamaa Ouchouid
Published: February 2025

This paper offers an empirical analytical assessment of the use of a generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) chat box tool –ChatGPT- by Moroccan EFL teachers in designing formal tests. The field of language teaching and learning is experiencing an unprecedented pedagogical influence with the inception of AI. This machine-guided program has made easier multitude of pre-lesson and in-classroom practices such as assessment. The latter is the ‘ongoing’ process of competence-based and performance-based evaluation that situates a learner at a certain knowledge level. One type of assessment is ‘formal assessment’ which is any form of acquired knowledge evaluation that is pre-planned rather than prompted (ibid, pp. 5-6). Giving the recency of AI in education, a growing need appears for guidance into the art of its use. Accordingly, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive survey of how ChatGPT is used by Moroccan EFL teachers in designing formal tests. The researcher sheds light on the content validity of teachers’ prompts and the extent to which they target the mélange of testing principles and objectives. The paper includes a pre-intervention stage where the teachers’ prompts to ChatGPT to generate a test. The intervention is based on participants’ open-ended prompts and constitutes ample practical tips to illustrate the valid use of ChatGPT. The post-intervention assesses the teachers’ aspired development. The findings revealed that enabling Moroccan EFL teachers with a guide including prompt designing and test construction principles positively influenced their performance in using ChatGPT to generate formal tests. It was recommended, among others, that AI use in teaching and planning be integrated in their professional training.
Economic Elites and Global Shocks: A Conceptual Mapping
Authors: Bolzoni Magda , Dagnes Joselle , Storti Luca
Published: February 2025

How do economic elites react to global shocks? Here, global shocks refer to events that disrupt both the economy and society, such as economic crises, political regime collapses, natural and climate disasters, and collective health emergencies, including pandemics. These events have varied impacts across different geographical regions and population groups, including social classes and age cohorts. We argue that examining the relationship between global shocks and economic elites provides a unique perspective on significant trends among these elites. Against this backdrop, we will address two key aspects regarding the current characteristics and internal differentiations of economic elites: (a) their stance on socioeconomic inequalities, legitimization, and the construction of social acceptance; (b) new lifestyles and spatial relationships, including practices like land and space grabbing.
Elite Fragmentation in the United States: Global or Domestic Phenomenon?
Authors: Mizruchi Mark S.
Published: February 2025

The actions of societal elites exert a disproportionate impact on events and outcomes in their home societies. These actions are driven by a combination of factors internal and external to their nation. Using the leaders of large American corporations—the group I call the American corporate elite—as an example, I examine the extent to which these two forces affected the character and orientation of the group, from the period immediately following World War II to the present. I argue that this elite was both constrained and enabled by a series of domestic and global forces, and I attempt to disentangle the role of both. Globally, American corporations benefited from the unique strength of the United States following the war, but their actions were constrained by both the Cold War with the Soviet Union and domestic forces, including an active and highly legitimate federal government and a relatively strong labor movement. An increase in foreign economic competition, along with domestic turmoil, in the 1970s helped trigger a decline in American strength and a conservative shift among the corporate elite. Although observers have attributed the group’s increasing conservatism and fragmentation in recent years to the end of the Cold War and the rise of globalization, I argue that neither of these factors can account for these outcomes. I conclude by discussing the implications of this argument for the corporate elite, and American society as a whole.
Is Pneumatosis and Portal Venous Air an Indication for Surgical Intervention: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pina N. , Winston D. , Kasprzycki T. , Gul Muhammad M. , Ingram M. , Joyner R. , Kowdley G.
Published: February 2025

Pneumatosis and portal venous gas are radiological findings that have been historically associated with 70% mortality, and usually trigger surgical intervention. This is due to their association with acute mesenteric ischemia. As cross-sectional imaging usage has increased in recent years, these findings have also been observed in patients with indolent symptoms, the true mortality among patients with pneumatosis or portal venous gas is now theorized to be significantly lower than previously stated. This systematic review was designed to assess the mortality rate among patients with pneumatosis and portal venous gas on initial imaging. We systematically searched Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. Eleven articles were included for final analysis. Ten articles assessed mortality, and included a total of 308 patients, with an overall mortality rate of 31%. Eight articles reported on both ischemia and mortality (n = 233). Of the patients with confirmed ischemia (n = 74), a mortality rate of 69% (n = 51) was noted. Of those without ischemia (n = 159), a mortality rate of 14% (n = 22) was seen. Four studies reported pneumatosis and ischemia (n = 45), in which 64% (n = 29) had ischemia. Four articles reported on portal venous air and ischemia (n = 78). Ischemia was confirmed in 44% of these patients (n = 34). Given an overall mortality of 31% vs prior estimates of 70% for patients with these findings, the decision for surgery on patients with these imaging findings should be made utilizing the overall clinical picture of the patient.
Sensemaking, Sensegiving, and the Challenges of Making School Changes for Students’ Socioemotional Wellbeing
Authors: Yoshizawa Lauren
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The COVID pandemic brought heightened attention to students’ socioemotional needs and wellbeing in school, sparking a wide variety of changes from individual teachers’ innovations to district-wide initiatives. This study uses the context of SEL-related changes post-pandemic to explore the ways teachers and leaders engaged in sensemaking and sensegiving in the process of making change. Methods: This study draws on 17 semi-structured interviews with educators in Maine, including 7 classroom teachers and 4 school and district leaders from across the state, and 6 teachers and leaders in a single school. Data analysis involved thematic coding, then code refinement based on the sensegiving literature and through cross-case comparisons across the three groups of participants. Findings: Findings illustrate the puzzles of congruence and coordination in the process of making school changes. Teachers tended to make sense of their SEL changes in ways that privileged congruence with prior beliefs but deemphasized coordination with colleagues. Leaders attempted to engage in purposeful sensegiving to strike a balance—emphasizing both the familiarity and newness of changes, the need to work in unison and the value of professional autonomy. Findings suggest that different frames about SEL, from a developmental logic to a best practice logic, played an important role in how teachers and leaders navigated these puzzles. Implications: This study sheds light on the role of sensegiving in leading change, including the way sensegiving can intervene in teacher sensemaking about congruence and coordination, and the potential implications of relying on different frames.
Forensic considerations in nonthrombotic pulmonary embolism: A case report and review
Authors: Lynch Tasmyn H , Gilbert John D , Byard Roger W
Published: February 2025

Nonthrombotic pulmonary embolism is defined as the partial or total occlusion of the pulmonary circulation by various nonthrombotic agents, such as biological, nonbiological and foreign body material. A case is reported of lethal embolism of fragments of a renal calculus: A 64-year-old woman collapsed and died following laser lithotripsy. At autopsy calculous debris was found in the calyces of the right kidney with widespread microscopic fragments of birefringent foreign material in keeping with renal calculus within the pulmonary arterioles. Death was due to pulmonary calculus embolism complicating lithotripsy of a right renal calculus. Review of other causes of nonthrombotic pulmonary embolism revealed fat, bone marrow, amniotic fluid, trophoblast, tumours, septic material, hydatid cysts, bone, soft tissue/organ parenchyma, gastrointestinal tract contents/bile, gas, and foreign material that was introduced iatrogenically and non-iatrogenically. All of these possibilities should be considered at autopsy in the appropriate setting, with pulmonary microscopy often being essential to establishing the diagnosis.
Interfacial cohesive zone model based on atomic potential energy for CFRP
Authors: Jia Wenbin , Xuan Haijun , He Zekan , Fang Lei
Published: February 2025

Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are utilized extensively in aero-engine casings, due to the superior specific mechanical properties and well-developed manufacturing techniques. The interface plays a key role in the macromechanical properties of CFRP. In this paper, an interfacial cohesive zone model (ICZM) of CFRP based on atomic potential energy is proposed, which can accurately characterize the interfacial mechanical behavior of CFRP. Then ICZM is applied to the unit cell model to predict the transverse mechanical behavior and damage evolution of CFRP, and verified by experimental results. The simulation results of the transverse modulus, strength, and ultimate strain for ICZM are 9.62 GPa, 66.87 MPa, and 0.78, respectively. The simulation errors of the transverse modulus, strength, and ultimate strain are all less than 3%, and the simulated damage evolution aligns with the experimental result, validating the precision of ICZM. The research shows that: for the infinite carbon atom layer and epoxy, the shear cohesive stress is zero; for the finite carbon atom layer and epoxy, the shear cohesive stress is much smaller than the tensile cohesive stress; the carbon fiber radius has little effect on cohesive energy; the simulated stress–strain curve for ICZM aligns with experiments, which means that ICZM can reflect the nonlinearity of CFRP. The research result can provide a calculating tool for the structural design of the aero-engine casing.
Endorsement of the Lisbon Outcome Statement and Launch of a National Programme for Age-Friendly Cities and Communities in Portugal
Authors: Arriaga Miguel , Yongjie Yon , Herick de Sa Thiago , Justo Ana , Câmara Gisele , Costa Andreia
Published: February 2025

Portugal is one of the European Union countries with the highest rates of people aged 65 or more. The old-age dependency index is the third highest in Europe. Longevity is a remarkable human achievement but without a comprehensive approach to fostering healthy ageing over the life-course, the burden on health and care systems and social services will increase. This issue is compounded as life expectancy rises, but many of these additional years are not lived in good health. Promoting healthy ageing is an essential political and moral strategy for the well-being both of individuals and societies. Concerning this, Portugal endorsed the Lisbon Outcome Statement drawn up based on the 2023 Regional Summit on Policy Innovation for Healthy Ageing and made its commitment for the creation of age-friendly environments. The National Programme for Age-Friendly Cities and Communities in Portugal is one of the first concrete steps to fulfill that endorsement.
Mapping the evolution and hotspots of future orientation research: a visualized analysis from 1991 to 2023 using Citespace
Authors: Song Ruijun
Published: February 2025

Although future orientation has garnered considerable scholarly attention, comprehensive bibliometric analyses of the field are still relatively scarce. Employing a bibliometric methodology, this study analyzed the growth and thematic trends of future orientation research using a bibliometric approach on Web of Science publications from 1991 to 2023, focusing on citation counts, keyword clusters, and influential authors. Results showed a consistent and significant increase in publication volume, with the United States being the foremost contributor. Major journals and prolific authors were identified based on citation metrics and publication frequency. Employing the Citespace tool, keyword cluster analysis revealed four main research hotspots: education, occupational outcomes, psychological well-being, and risk behaviors. Furthermore, the detection of keyword bursts over the past 5 years highlighted a burgeoning interest in education and school-related topics. The analysis informs future research directions, with specific recommendations provided to address gaps in the current understanding of future orientation.
Bishri Hafi Effect: How spirituality might stall off the addiction recovery
Authors: Isbilen Nihal , Kaplan Hasan
Published: February 2025

This article introduces the Bishri Hafi Effect, a distinctive psycho-spiritual phenomenon that appears to hinder the recovery journey of individuals struggling with alcohol and substance addiction. This effect is characterized by the belief held by addicts that their recovery is contingent upon an external (supernatural) force, rather than their own agency, thereby creating a significant hurdle in their path to overcoming addiction. The phenomenon emerged as a byproduct of a larger study involving 10 individuals undergoing treatment for alcohol and substance addiction at various Green Crescent (Yeşilay) Consultancy Center branches in Istanbul between 2019 and 2021. Employing phenomenological analysis, this effect was identified and examined within the broader context of the study. During spiritual counseling sessions that incorporates Islamic tradition, it became apparent that some individuals, when presented with the recovery story of Bishri Hafi—a key figure in Islamic tradition symbolizing alcohol addiction—tended to idealize his narrative, often to the point of overlooking their own personal progress. The story of Bishri Hafi triggered an outlook wherein recovery was anticipated as a miraculous event. This article aims to introduce and shed light on this unique phenomenon, highlighting its unexpected impact within the realm of spirituality in addiction treatment.
Microstructure and mechanical properties evolution of B1.5(CrFeNi)98.5 medium-entropy alloy during recrystallization annealing
Authors: Yang Baiting , Zhou Jilan , Zhao Panpan , Yu Genghao , Ma Lili , Chen Ming
Published: February 2025

A cold-rolled B1.5(CrFeNi)98.5 medium-entropy alloy was annealed at 600–1000 °C for 1 h to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties evolution duding recrystallization annealing process. The as-cast alloy exhibited an FCC + Cr2B dual-phase structure and dendritic microstructure. The annealed alloy exhibited a typical bimodal grain structure. Massive BCC-structured precipitate with a nano-scale formed in FCC pahse, whose content reached the peak around 800 °C, and then almost disappeared at 1000 °C. The yield strength of the alloy reduced from 1225 MPa in cold-rolling state to 330 MPa when annealed at 1000 °C, and the elongation raised from 2.4% to 33.8%. The alloy annealed at 800°C displayed a good strength-plasticity balance with a yield strength of 601 MPa and an elongation of 20%.
Apology–forgiveness in restorative justice: Victims’ experiences with justice-involved youth
Authors: MacDiarmid Laura
Published: February 2025

The exchange of apology and forgiveness in restorative justice is regarded as an important marker of symbolic reparation that is imbued with ritual significance. Despite this, how victims assess the sincerity of such remedial work has received limited empirical focus. It also remains unclear what role, if any, apologies play in precipitating victim forgiveness in restorative justice. The current study prioritizes victims’ experiences in Youth Justice Committees, a programme model of restorative justice in Canada, to explore the apology–forgiveness cycle. Analysis of data collected through 14 semi-structured interviews with victims who participated in 16 restorative justice programmes reveals that, for an apology to be deemed sincere, it requires the youth to accept responsibility for the harm, to express affect that conveys their recognition of the harm, and to take steps to make amends. In many instances, a sincere apology prompted forgiveness from the victim; however, the trajectory from apology to forgiveness was not always sequential. Results are discussed considering factors – such as the role of parents/guardians, age, and offence severity – that mediate the likelihood of apology and forgiveness in restorative justice programmes with justice-involved youth.
Pre-trained convolutional neural network with transfer learning by artificial illustrated images classify power Doppler ultrasound images of rheumatoid arthritis joints
Authors: Fukae Jun , Amasaki Yoshiharu , Fujieda Yuichiro , Sone Yuki , Katagishi Ken , Horie Tatsunori , Kamishima Tamotsu , Atsumi Tatsuya
Published: February 2025

Objective

To study the classification performance of a pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning by artificial joint ultrasonography images in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

This retrospective study focused on abnormal synovial vascularity and created 870 artificial joint ultrasound images based on the European League Against Rheumatism/Outcome Measure in Rheumatology scoring system. One CNN, the Visual Geometry Group (VGG)-16, was trained with transfer learning using the 870 artificial images for initial training and the original plus five additional images for second training. The models were then tested for the ability to classify joints using real joint ultrasound images obtained from patients with RA. The study was registered in UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000054321).

Results

A total of 156 clinical joint ultrasound images from 74 patients with RA were included. The initial model showed moderate classification performance, but the area under curve (AUC) for grade 1 synovitis was particularly low (0.59). The second model showed improvement in classifying grade 1 synovitis (AUC 0.73).

Conclusions

Artificial images may be useful for training VGG-16. The present novel approach of using artificial images as an alternative to actual images for training a CNN has the potential to be applied in medical imaging fields that face difficulties in collecting real clinical images.
Optimization of scarfing depth for high quality automotive external panel steel slabs
Authors: Deng Xiaoxuan , Yu Huixiang , Zhou Haichen , Li Haibo , Liu Baisong , Chen Bin , Wang Tonghe , Zhang Congcong , Li Xiangkui
Published: February 2025

Scarfing is commonly employed to improve the surface quality of interstitial-free (IF) steel slabs used for automotive external panels, and usually the steelworkers tend to scarf deeper to ensure surface quality even at the cost of losing yield. However, this may not work and sometimes the surface quality becomes even worse. In the present work, slab scarfing experiments were designed to study the effect of slab scarfing depths on the density of sliver defects on the cold rolled sheets and the distribution of nonmetallic macro inclusions (NMIs) in the slab surface were evaluated using automatic scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results show that deeper scarfing cannot guarantee high surface quality, and the number of alumina-based sliver defects after slab scarfing 6–11 mm for a single side was much larger than those slabs with scarfing less than 6 mm and over 11 mm. In addition, inclusion aggregation zones (IAZs) existed at 7∼12 mm, and 7∼11 mm from the loose and fixed slab surface, respectively. A stagnant zone under the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) bottom with the solidifying shell thickness of 8∼13 mm may account for the existence of IAZs. Accordingly, a scarfing depth of 3 mm is recommended to balance removing hooks and ensure inclusions will not be exposed to the surface.
Crafting learning experiences: A case study of the National Palace Museum
Authors: Lee Pei-Chun
Published: February 2025

This study explores the design of digital strategies in museum education, utilizing the National Palace Museum in Taiwan as a case study and applying the resource-based view and value co-creation theories. It highlights the strategic use of unique resources and capabilities to gain a competitive edge, focusing on crafting unique, digital-enhanced learning experiences. Emphasizing the importance of visitor engagement in creating value, the research advocates for the development of interactive and personalized educational content. This methodology seeks to improve learning outcomes and deepen cultural comprehension, offering an advanced framework for developing digital strategies within museums. The study underscores the need for integrating technological advancements with immersive learning experiences to foster an engaging and informative environment.
Myricetin enhances keratinocytes differentiation via TRPV4 channel activation in mouse primary keratinocytes
Authors: Gao Jie-Fang , Li Tong-Xuan , Zhang Guo-Qiang
Published: February 2025

The skin serves as the primary defensive barrier of the human body against external stimuli and damage. Keratinocytes, which are the predominant cell type in the human epidermis, undergo a differentiation process that is crucial for the formation of the skin barrier. Myricetin, a dietary flavonoid present in various fruits and vegetables, is known to play a significant role in maintaining intestinal barrier function; however, its impact on the skin barrier remains inadequately understood. Consequently, this study investigates the effects of myricetin on the differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes and the integrity of the skin barrier. Differentiation of primary mouse keratinocytes was induced using 1.8 mM CaCl2. tudy demonstrated that myricetin effectively suppresses cell proliferation and induces both cell cycle arrest and calcium ion (Ca2+) influx, without influencing apoptosis. Concurrently, myricetin enhances the expression of differentiation markers, including K10, TGase1, Filaggrin, and Involucrin, and facilitates the formation of tight junctions. Upon examining the underlying mechanisms, we discovered that myricetin activates the TRPV4 channel, and the promotion of keratinocyte differentiation by myricetin is contingent upon the activation of this channel. In summary, these findings suggested that myricetin could promote keratinocytes differentiation and have well-established skin barrier protective function.
Exploring the Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Teacher Subjective Wellbeing Questionnaire Across Four European Countries
Authors: Michael Demos , Vatou Anastasia , Charalambous Vicky , Pezirkianidis Christos , Vrasidas Charalambos , Evangelou-Tsitiridou Maria , Manolitsis George , Mouzaki Angeliki , Kypriotaki Maria , Oikonomidis Vasileios , Piedade Filipe , Lemos Ana , Alves Diana , Grande Catarina , Cadima Joana , Chirlesan Georgeta , Ciucurel Mihaela-Manuela , Delia Duminica , Grammatikopoulos Vasilis
Published: February 2025

Teacher well-being is a psychological asset for educators, often associated with job engagement and retention. However, sophisticated measures to comprehensively assess teacher well-being are still under investigation. This study explores the factor structure and cross-country comparability of the Teacher Subjective Wellbeing Questionnaire (TSWQ) among 393 early childhood education teachers from four European countries. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses generally supported the TSWQ’s proposed dimensionality, identifying teaching efficacy and school connectedness as two distinct latent factors, along with indications for the existence of a general, higher-order factor. Additionally, measurement equivalence was established at all levels across the four countries. Discriminant validity analyses highlighted culturally specific nuances in the relationship between teacher well-being and burnout. The findings underscore the TSWQ’s potential to advance theoretical and methodological research on teacher well-being and broaden the instrument’s applicability across diverse educational settings.
Oxidative DNA damage of lambda-cyhalothrin in model vertebrate organism
Authors: Şemsi Rabia , Eser Burcu , Koçak Gülsüm , Gül Göktuğ , Yüce Pınar Arslan , Günal Aysel Çağlan , Dinçel Aylin Sepici
Published: February 2025

Pesticides, widely used for insect control in agriculture, public health, and veterinary medicine, are usually present as pollutants in aquatic environments. After contamination of water bodies, pesticides cause adverse effects on non-target organisms and long-term problems in the ecosystem. Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCH) is a chemical compound belonging to the family of synthetic pyrethroids (type II) and is an active ingredient in several insecticides. This study investigated the toxic effects (DNA damage) of LCH exposure on zebrafish for 24 and 72 h. After zebrafish ( Danio rerio) were obtained commercially, acclimated, and adapted to laboratory conditions. They were randomly selected, transferred to the experimental aquariums (their average height is 2.51 ± 0.49 cm long, 10 L aquarium size of 10x20x35), and exposed to 0.1 mg/L LCH concentrations for 24 and 72 h. There was also a control and a solvent control group in the study, and whole body tissues of zebrafish were analyzed for 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OhdG) determination (ng/100 mg tissue), using an Agilent LC-MS/MS with electrospray ionization in positive ion mode. It was observed that the whole-body 8-OHdG tissue values were significantly increased in the group exposed to LCH for 72 h (9.82 ± 1.44) compared with the control group (6.60 ± 1.78, p = .004). These results suggest that LCH could lead to oxidative DNA damage by causing an increase in 8-OHdG activities in zebrafish, one of the aquatic ecosystem model organisms, indicating that it may also cause undesirable effects on other non-target species.
Equine Odontoclastic Tooth Resorption and Hypercementosis (EOTRH) in Icelandic Horses in Germany: A Correlation Between Clinical and Radiographic Findings
Authors: Tretow Melusine , Hain Anna M. , Bienert-Zeit Astrid
Published: February 2025

Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis (EOTRH) is a widespread dental disease with an unknown aetiology, mainly affecting the incisors and canine teeth of senior horses. Being clinically asymptomatic in early stages but progressively destructive and painful in many cases highlights the need for improvements in early diagnosis of EOTRH. This study describes how clinical and radiological findings correlate with distinguishing EOTRH-specific symptoms from non-specific findings. Clinical and radiographic examinations of the rostral oral cavity were performed in 154 Icelandic horses. Each horse received a separate assessment of clinical and radiographic findings and was clinically and radiographically classified as either EOTRH Stage 0 (no findings), Stage 1 (suspicious), Stage 2 (mild), Stage 3 (moderate) or Stage 4 (severe). Analysis revealed statistically significant association between non-age-correlated bite angle, fistulae, gingival swelling, gingival recession as well as gingivitis and radiographic EOTRH diagnoses. Meanwhile, no statistical association was found between the occurrence of calculus or tooth mobility and EOTRH diagnosis. Understanding the interaction of the different symptoms enables further diagnostics (e.g., radiography) to be conducted at an early stage, and therefore EOTRH can be diagnosed and treated at its earliest possible stage.
Ultrasonic guided wave detection of point rail damage of high-speed railway turnout
Authors: Tian Chunxiang , Feng Xicheng , Qian Yao , Yuan Yuwen , Xu Jingmang , Chen Rong , Jiang Wenqiang , Hu Chenyang
Published: February 2025

The precise and efficient identification of damage in point rails of turnouts represents a critical and challenging technological issue that requires immediate attention. Guided wave inspection, as a non-destructive testing method, holds significant potential for practical applications in the research field focused on the identification of damage in point rails of high-speed railway turnouts. This study integrates rigorous theoretical analysis, advanced numerical simulation techniques, and meticulous experimental investigations to comprehensively investigate the excitation, propagation, and reception processes of ultrasonic-guided waves within the point rail. By strategically applying excitation signals at optimized positions specifically tailored for point rail detection, employing a frequency of 30 kHz, appropriate excitation modes are carefully selected. Defect identification within the extended point rail is performed from a dual perspective, encompassing both cross-correlation analysis and time-frequency analysis. The obtained results substantiate that when employing the cross-correlation coefficient to detect cracks in the elongated point rail, the sensitivity of crack detection is significantly higher in the rail bottom region as opposed to the rail head region. Furthermore, through the analysis of variations in the cross-correlation coefficient and the application of wavelet transformations to the guided wave signals, it is not only feasible to ascertain the presence and location of damages within the rail base region of the extended point rail but also to evaluate the relative size of the cracks. The findings of this research contribute a robust theoretical foundation for the subsequent analysis and evaluation of damage detection in high-speed turnout point rails.
Granulomatous vulvitis complicated by polymicrobial growth
Authors: Dsouza Divya Madonna , Martis Jacintha , Monteiro Rochelle Cheryl , Jayaraman Jyothi , Shetty Prajna
Published: February 2025

Granulomatous vulvitis (GV) is a rare chronic inflammatory condition presenting with persistent vulvar swelling and noncaseating granulomas, often mimicking Crohn’s disease and sarcoidosis. We report a 21-year-old sexually inactive woman with a five-month history of painless vulvar swelling and occasional itching, complicated by secondary polymicrobial infection. A thorough evaluation excluded other granulomatous diseases, and histopathology revealed noncaseating granulomas, supporting the diagnosis of granulomatous vulvitis. Initial antibiotic therapy was followed by hydroxychloroquine, and intralesional triamcinolone, leading to marked symptom resolution. This case highlights intralesional corticosteroids as an effective first-line treatment and underscores the need for a multidisciplinary and personalized approach in managing GV, particularly in the presence of secondary infections.
Three-dimensional evaluation of lower extremity alignment during gait and standing in healthy elderly individuals: A comparative study using fluoroscopy and 3D to 2D image matching
Authors: Soeno Tatsuya , Sato Takashi , Kobayashi Koichi , Katsumi Ryota , Otani Kazutaka , Kawashima Hiroyuki
Published: February 2025

Background

The differences in bony alignment of the lower extremities during gait compared to standing remain unclear.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate three-dimentional (3D) lower extremity alignment in healthy elderly individuals during the stance phase of gait and compare it with static standing alignment.

Methods

Thirty-four knees (9 females, 8 males; mean age 73.2 years) were assessed using single-plane X-ray fluoroscopy and a 3D to two-dimensional (2D) image matching technique. Alignment during stance phase and standing was evaluated in a world coordinate system, using the direction of gravity and frontal X-ray (aligned with the gait direction) as references.

Results

Compared to standing, the femur (3.5°), tibia (3.2°) and tibial joint line relative to the floor (3.3°) exhibited increased lateral inclination during stance phase (p < 0.01). In the transverse plane, the femur showed a significant increase in external rotation during stance phase (5.0°, p < 0.01) compared to standing, with no significant difference in tibial rotation.

Conclusion

Lower extremity alignment significantly differs between static standing and gait, making it challenging to accurately infer the alignment during gait from standing assessments. This approach offers a practical means for assessing functional lower extremity alignment, potentially improving clinical outcomes in realignment surgeries.
Abolitionist Ecological Security
Authors: Albert Michael
Published: February 2025

As ecological crises deepen, many scholars have challenged dominant practices of security by developing more progressive environmental or ecological security discourses. Others, on the other hand, critique these moves by emphasizing the inherently repressive features of security discourse. This article engages this debate by proposing a more radical form of ecological security informed by the ‘abolitionist’ tradition – which I call Abolitionist Ecological Security. From this view, the problem with existing ecological security approaches is not their efforts to rethink the term ‘security’, but rather (1) their failure to foreground the political economy of racial capitalism as the structure that hegemonic security practices function to secure, and (2) their neglect of how ‘racial capitalist security assemblages’ – encompassing structures of militarism, policing, incarceration and border controls – produce ecological insecurity through their ecological impacts and violence against workers, the poor, migrants and racialized communities. Thus I argue, following the abolitionist tradition, that any genuine ecological security must necessarily be abolitionist in orientation, entailing the struggle for new worlds beyond racial capitalism and the creation of alternative security practices beyond militarism, policing and imprisonment.
Media Coverage of Chinese International Campuses in Europe: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Qin Yunyun , Li Yingyan , A. Postiglione Gerard
Published: February 2025

This study examines the portrayal of Chinese international campuses in Europe as covered by European and Chinese media. By conducting a comparative analysis of 104 news reports, the research seeks to understand the role of media in shaping Europe-China higher education cooperation. The findings reveal that the Fudan University in Budapest Hungary was primarily portrayed as a political endeavor, characterized by a conflict frame; the Peking University HSBC Business School UK Campus was predominantly depicted as a business effort, encapsulated by an economic frame; and the Tongji University in Florence Italy was largely delineated as an educational and cultural endeavor, featured by a human-interest frame. The study highlights the diverse ways in which Chinese international campuses are portrayed in media, offering insights for researchers and practitioners to better understand cross-cultural issues, public opinions, and the role of media in international program and provider mobility.
Beyond Reform and Abolition: Navigating the Complexities of Indigenous Child Welfare
Authors: Asher BlackDeer Autumn , Harty Justin
Published: February 2025

This article is temporarily under embargo.
Interpreting for Equity? A Case Study of Interpretation Practices in EI/ECSE for Spanish-Speaking Latinx Families
Authors: Batz Ruby , Santillán Jimena
Published: February 2025

Interpretation practices in Early Intervention and Early Childhood Special Education (EI/ECSE) are critical to delivering services to Spanish-speaking Latinx families raising emergent bilinguals labeled as disabled (EBLADs). This study examines the experiences and perspectives of Spanish-speaking mothers, their interpreters, and their bilingual and monolingual EI/ECSE providers to understand interpreting practices. Using intersectional theoretical frameworks of Disability Studies Critical Race Theory (DisCrit) and Raciolinguistics, we employed a case study approach to examine interpretive practices within the boundaries of an EI/ECSE system. Our study uncovered several barriers to providing effective interpretation practices within EI/ECSE services, such as the institutional failure to prioritize time for preparation, collaboration, and resource allocation to support EI/ECSE providers and interpreters, resulting in fragmented services to racialized families needing interpretation support. Our study also found recommendations to reimagine interpretation services, such as prioritizing prepping time with interpreters and investing in culturally responsive professional development. Our findings highlight the need to reimagine how EI/ECSE interpretation services are operated to fulfill their promise and federal obligation to provide responsive and family-centered interpretation services to families needing interpretation.
Effects of School Nurse-Led Asthma Interventions for Students: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yoon Jaehee , Seo Hyun-Ju , Cho Jeonghyun , Lee Su Jung , Lee Ji Sung , Choi Yumi , Noh Suyeon
Published: February 2025

School nurse-led asthma interventions play a critical role in managing asthma among students. This study evaluates the effectiveness and key components of interventions for children with asthma. A systematic search of multiple databases was conducted up to September 2023. Two independent reviewers assessed the risk of bias using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, and descriptive evidence synthesis with albatross plots was used to analyze the findings. Results revealed that school nurse-led asthma interventions positively influenced asthma symptoms, medication use, asthma-related quality of life, and self-management in schoolchildren. However, emergency visits, hospitalization, and absence outcomes remain inconclusive. Effective components identified across studies included chronic disease management, direct care, and collaborative communication. Further, well-designed randomized controlled trials with standardized outcome measurements are needed to examine objective outcomes, including emergency visits, hospitalization, and school absences, and strengthen the evidence base for school nurse-led asthma interventions.
Graft-Versus-Host Disease Sustains Coagulation Activity for two Years After Pediatric Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Långström Satu , Koskenvuo Minna , Huttunen Pasi , Lassila Riitta , Taskinen Mervi , Ranta Susanna , Heikinheimo Markku , Mäkipernaa Anne
Published: February 2025

Aim

To evaluate the longitudinal coagulation profile after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in pediatric patients with hematological malignancies.

Methods

Several coagulation variables were measured at predetermined time points for two years after HSCT in 30 pediatric patients.

Results

At six months post-HSCT, endothelial activation was reflected by 1.4-fold increase in circulating von Willebrand factor activity (p < 0.05), and by 2-fold increase in thrombin-antithrombin complex levels (p < 0.05), suggesting sustained coagulation system activity. In six patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), specifically in those having gastrointestinal (GI) tract cGVHD, we observed continued longitudinal alterations in the coagulation system. The activities of both, coagulation factors (FV, FVII, FVIII, fibrinogen), and natural anticoagulants (antithrombin and protein C) were higher than prior to conditioning (p < 0.05) at most time points in patients with cGVHD. Moreover, fibrin turnover marker D-dimer was elevated from 6 to 18 months after HSCT (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Pediatric patients undergoing HSCT demonstrate prolonged derangement of the coagulation system, with a new alleviating balance after 6 months post-HSCT. However, in patients with cGVHD, and in particular when cGVHD affects the GI tract, the persisting derangement of coagulation suggest its contributing role in cGVHD and related complications.
Injury Prevention Strategies in Dance: A Systematic Review
Authors: Critchley Meghan L. , Rio Ebonie , Friesen Kenzie B. , Räisänen Anu M. , Kenny Sarah J. , Emery Carolyn A.
Published: February 2025

Background: Dance is a popular activity worldwide that comes with inherently high injury rates. Despite the call for implementation and evaluation of injury prevention strategies, the utility and efficacy of injury prevention practices in dance are unknown. Objective: The primary objective of this systematic review was to describe dance-specific injury prevention strategies in any dance population. The secondary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies in the reduction of injury prevalence or incidence rates. Methods: Six electronic databases were searched to March 2024 (Medline, EMBASE, SportDiscus, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Cochrane). Selected studies met a priori inclusion criteria that required original data describing an injury prevention strategy for any genre of dance. Studies were excluded if; no injury outcomes were reported, no injury prevention strategy was utilized, or if dance was used as a therapeutic intervention/fitness. Two reviewers independently assessed abstracts and full texts for inclusion. Study quality was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute Level of Evidence tool. Results: From 2209 potentially relevant records, 8 studies met criteria for inclusion. Injury prevention strategies were diverse across conditioning and exercise programs, neuromuscular training warm-up, psychological coping skills training, and educational programs, with a range of duration and adherence measures. Due to inconsistent injury surveillance methodology, efficacy of these programs could not be determined. Quality of included studies was moderate to high, with moderate to low risk of bias. Conclusions: Efficacy and adherence to dance-specific injury prevention strategies are understudied in the dance science literature. Conditioning and exercise programs are currently the most common injury prevention strategies, with initial evidence suggesting they may be efficacious in reducing injury rates. Further research using valid injury surveillance methodologies and standardized injury definitions to examine the efficacy of these strategies in reducing dance-related injury is needed. Level of evidence: I.
The Role of Autologous Fat Grafting in the Treatment of Atrophic Post-Acne Scars: A Narrative Review
Authors: Tawfik Abeer Attia , Rageh Mahmoud A.
Published: February 2025

Numerous techniques have been tried to treat acne scarring. Given its filling properties and the presence of adipose tissue-derived stem cells, autologous fat has been tried for treating acne scars in multiple studies, either alone or combined with other treatment approaches. This review focuses on autologous fat grafting in its different forms, including nanofat and stromal vascular fraction, as an efficient and safe modality for treating acne scars. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were used to search for relevant studies published from January 2017 to December 2022. We used a combination of the following keywords: “acne scar,” “acne scars,” “autologous fat transplantation,” “autologous fat grafting,” “fat grafting for acne scars,” “stromal vascular fraction,” “SVF,” and “nanofat.” Twelve studies were found utilizing autologous fat grafting in different forms, either used alone or combined with other treatment methods such as lasers and platelet-rich plasma for treating atrophic post-acne scars. Most studies showed that autologous fat grafting effectively treated acne scars with satisfying results.
Lacking bridges and apprehensive tensions: The impact of emotions and contextual factors on German L3 teachers’ perceptions and grammar teaching practices
Authors: Beslagic Deni
Published: February 2025

This article reports the findings of a multiple-case study on four teachers of German as a third language (GL3) at a Swedish lower secondary school (year 7). To gain a better understanding of third language (L3) teachers’ pedagogical perceptions and practices about grammar teaching to young beginners, teacher emotions are used as a theoretical frame. The data consist of individual interviews, lesson observations and immediate post-observational oral reflections that are analysed qualitatively using thematic content analysis with narrative features. The study points out the links between emotions and contextual factors inside and outside the classroom – such as time, workload, colleagues’ teaching practices as well as the motivation and attitudes of the students – and shows how these interrelatedly have an impact on teachers’ thinking, beliefs and instructional decision-making. Also, three narratives about teaching grammar are laid out, where the teachers themselves are passionate but at the same time display apprehensive emotions in the fear of their students not liking it as much. The findings indicate that teacher emotions about grammar – such as the tension between passion and apprehension – exert important influence on L3 teachers’ grammar teaching practices and beliefs. Based on this, it is suggested that bridges are needed between grammar teaching in first language (L1) and L3, since the pedagogical content knowledge and the positive teacher emotions about grammar in teachers of GL3 might be powerful assets that colleagues of other language subjects could also benefit from.
Axial compressive behavior of GFRP composite spiral ties-reinforced ECC-encased HCFST columns
Authors: Liu Ye , Ma Zhibei , Lv Xinlei , Pu Zhang , Guan Qingsong , Sheikh Shamim Ahmed
Published: February 2025

Aiming to solve the issues of conventional concrete-encased high-strength concrete-filled steel tube (HCFST) columns, a novel GFRP composite spiral ties (GC)-reinforced engineered cementitious composite (ECC)-encased HCFST column was proposed and tested under axial compression in this study. The test variables included encasing cement-based materials, the thicknesses of ECC and steel tube, the compression strength of HSC, and the tie configuration. The test results indicated that the failure mode of the composite columns changed after replacing the outer concrete with ECC, showing that the ECC-encased HCFST columns had excellent integrity. When ECC with the same compression strength was used instead of concrete, the bearing capacity, strength index (SI), ductility ( μ) and energy dissipation ( E d.) of the composite columns were increased by 14.2%, 7.7%, and 81%, respectively. Increasing the thicknesses of ECC and the steel tube significantly improved the composite columns' bearing capacity, and the latter was superior in enhancing the μ and E d. of the columns. Compared with other tie configurations, GC had an outstanding performance in improving μ and E d., reflecting the excellent restraint performance of GC. Furthermore, a calculation method for the axial compressive bearing capacity of GC-reinforced ECC-encased HCFST columns was proposed based on the composite constraint model and the unified theory of strength.