bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geomorphological indicators
Authors: Rovere Alessio , Pappalardo Marta , O'Leary Michael J.
Published: August 2022

Several physical, chemical, and biological processes shape coastal environments close to sea level. Acting through time, these processes create a variety of coastal landforms. When found outside their environment of formation, these landforms can be used by geoscientists as geomorphological indicators of former relative sea levels. In this chapter, we outline the main processes acting on coastal areas, and link them to distinct types of sea-level indicators, defining general elevation/depth formation ranges for each, which are essential to calculate the paleo relative sea-level position starting from the measured elevation or depth of the landform.
Assessment of goal-directed behavior with the 3D videogame EPELI: Psychometric features in a web-based adult sample
Authors: Jylkkä Jussi
Published: August 2022

EPELI (Executive Performance in Everyday LIving) is a recently developed gaming tool for objective measurement of goal-directed behavior and prospective memory (PM) in everyday contexts. This pre-registered study examined psychometric features of a new EPELI adult online version, modified from the original child version and further developed for self-administered web-based testing at home. A sample of 255 healthy adults completed EPELI where their task was to perform household chores instructed by a virtual character. The participants also filled out PM-related questionnaires and a diary and performed two conventional PM tasks and an intelligence test. We expected that the more “life-like” EPELI task would show stronger associations with conventional PM questionnaires and diary-based everyday PM reports than traditional PM tasks would do. This hypothesis did not receive support. Although EPELI was rated as more similar to everyday tasks, performance in it was not associated with the questionnaires and the diary. However, there were associations between time-monitoring behavior in EPELI and the traditional PM tasks. Taken together, online adult-EPELI was found to be a reliable method with high ecological face validity, but its convergent validity requires further research.
Matematika Kelas 5ABCDE MI NU TBS Kudus Topik Pecahan
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: August 2022

Matematika Kelas 5ABCDE MI NU TBS Kudus Topik Pecahan
Methanol extracts of Vernonia amygdalina Del increase the sex ratio of offspring in Rattus norvegicus rats
Authors: Enoc Wambugu N , Maina Mwonjoria JK , Eliud Njagi
Published: August 2022

Several sex selection methods are available but with varying success rates, availability, and affordability. Vernonia amygdalina has been used by some Kenyan communities for the male child pre-selection at conception but these claims have not been scientifically ascertained. This study aims at evaluating the ability of this herbal plant to pre-select for the male child at conception. The roots of the plant were collected and processed before extraction using methanol. The obtained crude plant extracts were orally administered to Rattus norvegicus rats before and during mating for one week. Crude extracts at doses of 50, 87, and 150 mg/kg body weight were used to evaluate the effects of the plant on the sex ratio of pups and factors related to sex ratio. A P value of P<0.05 was set as the limit of significance. The extracts were also subjected to quantitative phytochemical and mineral analysis. The results indicated that treating female rats with the plant extract significantly increased the ratio of male to female pups in all the treatment groups. There was a significant decrease in serum cortisol levels in both male and female rats and an increase in vaginal pH in female rats. The 50 and 87 mg/kg doses caused a significant increase in estrogenic levels compared to the untreated group. These results validated the use of the plant by herbalists for the preselection of a male child at conception.
A Study of Functional Outcome of Retrograde Intramedullary Interlocking Nailing in Treatment of Supracondylar Femoral Fracture
Authors: Kandel Prakriti Raj , Shrestha Bipan , Shrestha Kishor Man , Chaudhary Pritam
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTIONFractures of the distal femur are usually sustained from high velocity trauma in adults and trivial fall in elderly. These fractures are usually associated with severe degree of comminution and intra-articular involvement. Therefore, anatomical reduction of fracture fragments, restoration of limb length, and early mobilization are key factors for optimal outcomes of involved limb. This longitudinal study was intended to evaluate the functional outcome of distal femoral fracture in adults managed surgically by Retrograde Nail.
MATERIAL AND METHODSThis prospective and observational hospital based study was carried out in Orthopedics Department, Universal College of medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital (UCMS-TH) from July 2020 to June 2021. All patients with traumatic distal femoral fractures (AO/OTA type A) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study and were treated surgically by Retrograde Nail. Fracture was classified according to AO/OTA classification and functional outcome was assessed according to Neer’s scoring system. Post-operatively patients were regularly followed at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months.
RESULTSIn this study of 30 cases, male to female ratio was 3:2 with mean age of 39.47 years. Road Traffic Accident (RTA) was most common mode of injury. The functional outcome evaluated according to Neer’s scoring system was found good result in 43.3%, excellent in 36.7%, fair in 16.7% and poor in 3.3%. The mean Neer’s score was 78.9.
CONCLUSIONDistal femoral fractures (AO/OTA type A) when treated with retrograde nailing has good to excellent functional outcome in majority of cases with minimal manageable complication.
The Outcome of Trauma Patients in the Mixed Semi-closed Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Keyal Niraj Kumar , Yadav Rajesh , Singh Alok Kumar , Singh Amit , Mansuri Mohammed Islam
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTIONNepal due to its geographical condition, inadequate resuscitation on time, and lack of full-time intensivist in a trauma team is a cause of trauma-related morbidity and mortality.
MATERIAL AND METHODSIt was a prospective, descriptive observational cross-sectional study in a level three intensive care unit of National Medical College for six month. All patients >18 years with a history of road traffic accidents, falls, drowning, physical assaults, and self-inflicted violence admitted to the mixed intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital were included in this study.
RESULTSOne hundred and ninety-one patients were included in this study. 152(79.5%) were males and 39(20.4%) were females. A road traffic accident was the most common mode of injury in 166(86.9%) patients. 178(93.1%) patients survived and went home, 10(5.3%) expired, 2(1%) left the hospital against medical advice (LAMA) and 1(0.5%) gave do not resuscitate orders (DNR). The mean days on the mechanical ventilator was 3.39±2.57 days.  Mortality in an intubated patient was 8.6%. Mean LOS in the ICU was 4.28±4.12 days. SOFA and APACHE II scores were a good predictor of outcome, with the SOFA score being the most effective Injury severity score predicted mortality with a sensitivity of 88.9%, a specificity of 22%, with an AUROC curve of 0.543±0.092 with cut off score of 5.5.
CONCLUSIONRaising public awareness, and strictly following the traffic rules can help in reducing the incidence of trauma. Trauma team consisting of full-time intensivists should be established to decrease the mortality in the intensive care unit.
Myringoplasty graft uptake: Short and long term outcome
Authors: Acharya Roshan , Tulachan Bishow , Acharya Anup
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTIONMyringoplasty is surgical procedure to restore tympanic membrane perforation. The objective of the study is to compare overall success rate of myringoplasty after 6 weeks and 6 months post-operatively.
MATERIAL AND METHODSThis is a retrospective, comparative study carried out in the Department of ENT (Ear, Nose and Throat) and Head and Neck Surgery (ENT-HNS), Universal College of Medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital (UCMS-TH), Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal. All the data was collected from the operative notes and operative record book of our hospital which were done from October 2018 to September 2020 over a period of 24 months by single surgeon. A total of 77 patients with age range of 12-70 years including all gender with chronic otitis media (COM) mucosal type, inactive who underwent myringoplasty were studied. Graft uptake results were assessed after 6 weeks and 6 months following surgery.
RESULTSThe age of the patients ranged from 12-70 years. The mean ± standard deviation (S.D) of age was  27.84 ± 13.16 years. There were 47 (61%) female patients and 30 (39%) male patients involved in the study. Graft uptake success rates were 84.4% (65) and 83.1% (64)   after 6 weeks and 6 months respectively.
CONCLUSIONNo statistical significance was noted in graft success and failure rates between 6 weeks and 6 months (p = 0.320).
Thyrotoxicosis Induced Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis in Organophosphorous Poisoning: A Case Report
Authors: Karki Manoj , Rayamajhi Bidhata , Raghubanshi Prabesh , Kandel Sanjog , Jha Goody , Gautam Narayan , Piryani Rano Mal , Nepal Monica
Published: August 2022

Organophosphate poisoning is a common emergency illness that requires medical attention because it causes a cholinergic state. As a result, atropine infusion is a sensible therapy option for patients. In our clinical setting, however, the unusual complication of thyrotoxicosis-induced hypokalemic periodic paralysis was reported.
Efektivitas Kinerja Pegawai Pada Kantor Kepala Desa Telaga Kecamatan Batu Ampar Kabupaten Kutai Timur
Authors: Pala Yuliana , Bazarah Jamil , Salasiah Salasiah
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Efektivitas Kinerja Pegawai Pada Kantor Kepala Desa Telaga Kecamatan Batu Ampar Kabupaten Kutai Timur. Penelitian yang bersifat kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Jenis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini dititik beratkan pada data sekunder. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah Studi kepustakaan, kuesioner/angket, wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian dari uraian wawancara yang penulis lakukan diatas bahwa Efektivitas Kinerja Pegawai pada Kantor kepala Desa Telaga Kecamatan Batu Ampar Kabupaten Kuatai Timur dengan melihat Indikator Efektivitas, yaitu: Ketepatan Waktu, Ketepatan Melakukan Perintah, dan Ketepatan Menentukan Tujuan, sudah dikatakan efektif serta Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Kinerja Yaitu Motivasi Kerja, Kepuasan Kerja juga sudah cukup efektif. Permasalahan yang dihadapi, dalam Faktor mempengaruhi kinerja yaitu, Kemampuan dan Keahlian yang belum efektif dikarenakan masih kurangnya kemampuan dan keahlian serta disiplin pegawai. Walaupun sejauh ini masih bisa diatasi oleh kantor desa telaga kecamatan batu ampar kabupaten kutai timur dan tidak mempengaruhi kinerja pegawainya.
Peranan Kepemimpinan Camat di Kantor Kecamatan Barong Tongkok Kabupaten Kutai Barat
Authors: Hanan Fransiska , Jubaidi Ahmad , Salasiah Salasiah
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui Peranan Kepemimpinan Camat Di Kantor Kecamatan Barong Tongkok Kabupaten Kutai Barat. Jenis Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah Deskriptif Kualitastif. Adapun yang menjadi populasi dan penelitian ini adalah Camat dan Pegawai Kantor Kecamatan Barong Tongkok. Untuk Memperoleh data Digunakan Teknik Observasi, Wawancara, Dokumentasi, dan Metode Kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian, dari uraian wawancara yang penulis lakukan diatas bahwa dapat dilihat dari Peranan Kepemimpinan Camat dalam Pemberi Arah, Agen Perubahan, Pembicara dan Pembina dapat meningkatkan Kinerja Dan Kualitas Para Pegawainya dengan baik. Dengan Peranan Camat yang dapat meningkatkan kinerja pada Kantor Kecamatan Barong Tongkok Kabupaten Kutai Barat maka hal tersebut Sangat berguna untuk membangun kecamatan Barong Tongkok menjadi lebih baik lagi
Implementasi Layanan Inovasi Samsat Keliling Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Pelayanan Pembayaran Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Bazarah Jamil
Published: August 2022

Penelitian yang berjudul “Implementasi Layanan Inovasi Samsat Keliling Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Pelayanan Pembayaran Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor”. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan Untuk Mengetahui Kualitas Layanan Inovasi Samsat Keliling Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Pelayanan Pembayaran Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor. Penelitian ini sendiri berjenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Fokus penelitan ini yaitu Tangible, Realibility, Responsivenes, Anssurance, dan Empathy. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Implementasi Layanan Inovasi Samsat Keliling Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Pelayanan Pembayaran Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor sudah cukup baik. Berdasarkan Tangible, Realibility, Responsivenes, Anssurance, dan Empathy yang dilakukan oleh para pegawai Samsat keliling kota Samarinda ini dapat dilihat telah dilakukan secara maksimal. Namun demikian masih ada pekerjaan yang dinilai masih belum optimal seperti kurangnya sarana dan prasarana yang kurang memadai, kurangnya sosialisasi pelayanan kepada masyarakat, dan kesadaran Wajib Pajak dalam membayar pajak.
Strategi Peningkatan Kinerja Pelayanan Publik Pada Kantor Kecamatan Bengalon Kabupaten Kutai Timur
Authors: Marnawati Marnawati , Maskan Maskan , Marsuq Marsuq
Published: August 2022

Strategi dalam pemberian layanan kepada masyarakat berkaitan dengan sumber daya aparatur pelayanan, selain diatur dalam Undang-Undang Pelayanan Publik, penyelenggara pelayanan publik diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 Tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara. Kinerja diawali dengan perencanaan tentang bagaimana menyusun tujuan yang diharapkan di masa mendatang dan menyusun berbagai sumber daya serta kegiatan yang diperlukan dalam pencapaian tujuan. Peningkatan kinerja dapat dilihat sebagai suatu hasil kerja yang dicapai seseorang dalam melaksanakan tugas tugas yang dibebankan kepadanya yang didasarkan atas kecakapan, pengalaman dan kesungguhan serta waktu. Pelayanan publik merupakan jiwa dasar dari penyelenggaraan administrasi negara. Seiring peningkatan kehidupan manusia, tuntutan akan pelayanan publik juga semakin meningkat. Masyarakat bukan hanya mengharapkan terpenuhinya kebutuhan pelayanan yang baik, tetapi lebih dari itu, masyarakat mulai mempertanyakan penjaminan ketersediaan dan kualitas pelayanan publik yang diberikan oleh pemerintah. Pelayanan administratif yaitu pelayanan yang menghasilkan berbagai bentuk dokumen resmi yang dibutuhkan oleh publik, misalnya status kewarganegaraan, sertifikat kompetensi, kepemilikan atau penguasaan terhadap suatu barang dan sebagainya. Pelayanan Pemerintahan, yaitu merupakan pelayanan masyarakat yang erat dalam tugas-tugas umum pemerintahan seperti pelayanan Kartu Keluarga, e-KTP, IMB, Surat Keterangan, izin usaha.
Efektivitas Pelayanan Help Desk Izin Usaha Online Single Submission (OSS)
Authors: Winanda Nur Fadlia , Salasiah Salasiah , Jamiah Jamiah
Published: August 2022

This research aims to describe the Effectiveness of Online Business License Help Desk Single Submission Services in the Investment Office and One-Door Integrated Service of Samarinda City. This research is descriptive research using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are carried out with interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The data analysis techniques used are divided into 3 stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and verification or withdrawal of conclusions. This research focuses on Standards and Quality of Service to achieve simple, fast, precise, and comfortable service goals for the community. And also, to find out what factors are supporting and inhibiting in the service of Online Business License Help Desk Single Submission in DPMPTSP Samarinda City. Based on the achievement of the service objectives that have been successfully achieved, the Single Submission Online Business License Help Desk service has been effectively subscribed because the indicator of goals achieved is more than has not been achieved. As for the inhibiting factors there are: system integration that is still lacking and limited use of OSS.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan mengenai Efektivitas Pelayanan Help Desk Izin Usaha Online Single Submission di Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kota Samarinda. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dibagi menjadi 3 tahapan, yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi atau penarikan kesimpulan.Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada Standar dan Kualitas Pelayanan agar tercapainya tujuan pelayanan yang sederhana, cepat, tepat, dan nyaman bagi Masyarakat. Dan juga untuk mengetahui faktor - faktor apa saja yang menjadi pendukung dan penghambat dalam pelayanan Help Desk Izin Usaha Online Single Submission di DPMPTSP Kota Samarinda. Berdasarkan tercapainya tujuan pelayanan yang berhasil tercapai, maka pelayanan Help Desk Izin Usaha Online Single Submission telah terselanggara dengan efektif karena indikator tujuan yang tercapai lebih banyak dibandingkan yang belum tercapai. Sedangkan untuk faktor - faktor penghambat terdapat : integrasi sistem yang masih kurang dan terbatasnya penggunaan OSS.
Agricultural Labour Status and Problems in India: An Analytical Study
Authors: Surender
Published: August 2022

The concept of “agricultural labourer” refers to all those engaged in different agricultural activities like preparation of the soil, ploughing operations, sowing, planting, weeding, harvesting etc. Agricultural labourers made up a significant portion of the workforce. They are generally landless and rely on wage labour in agriculture to survive. Problem like droughts, uncertain monsoons and seasonal periodical nature of agriculture, agricultural labourers often face the problems of unemployment and underemployment, eventually getting trapped by poverty. The scientific agricultural implements, high yielding variety seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, increased irrigational potential would not have shown the desired progress without the assistance of agricultural labourers. Unfortunately, the agricultural labourers are deprived of their legitimate share in the returns. Further, the rural labourers engaged in household enterprises have also been affected as the new industrial products and displaces them from their traditional activities. Female rural labour has also been affected in as much as their wages are lower than those of the male labourer. Rural labour poverty- stricken as they are compelled to take loan from money-lenders and big farmers for meeting their domestic needs. In the wake of their inability to repay the loan amount, rural labour is reduced to miserable status of “bonded labour”- serving as servitors in the houses of landlord - cum - moneylenders. It is also important to note that rural labour often migrate from one place to other in search of employment. It indicates uncertainty of employment at a particular place and at a particular point of time. Majority of the rural population belonging to the categories of scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and other depressed sections of the society. The problems of these sections are multifarious and peculiar in nature. The women who have been looked down upon for long have also been facing the problems in leaving their lives as agricultural labourers. These labourers are at bottom of society still now.
Academic Crisis during Covid-19: Challenges and Opportunities for the Teachers and Students
Authors: Bhesera Harihara , Bika Shankar Lal
Published: August 2022

The Wuhan originated Covid-19 pandemic has shown the world a new direction. The abrupt advent and severe transmission of the disease trapped the world’s population within the four walls. The socio-political, economic and religious life of people gets affected in a great extent. Likewise, the global educational scenario has to go through a remarkable academic crisis soon after the closure of educational institutions across the globe. The academic crisis brought up a high disruption in the everyday schedule of academics. Teachers and students are to face number of challenges; so far academic life is concerned. Meanwhile, researches have pointed out that, although, teachers and students faced numerous challenges with respect to classroom activities, laboratory work, field work, teacher-taught and peer relationship, etc. the introduction of virtual learning platforms provide varieties of new learning experiences and novel opportunities like individualized learning, self-regulations, and ICT competencies. No doubts, the pandemic opens doors for learning varieties of skills and lessons, however, several studies found digital divide and health problems are another major issues during the pandemic. This paper analyses the research done across the learning communities worldwide and attempted to generalize the circumstances faced by the academics. The paper will be benefitted for the teachers and students to manage the academic activities through the integration of technology and effective learning strategies keeping in mind the limitations of Covid-19 pandemic.
International Politics and Abhyudaya Patra
Authors: Yadav Asha
Published: August 2022

Hindi papers, especially 'Abhyudaya', by bringing international events to the public, not only clarified the foreign policy of the Congress, but also made Indians aware of the bloodshed of various nations for political selfishness, diplomacy and economic benefits. .

The letter believed that only India had the right to decide on the internal condition of India, its relations with foreign countries and national defense etc. In 1920 AD, the most discussed in the world was about communism and the League of Nations. The capitalist countries were opposing the communist policy of Russia. On the other hand, in the name of world peace, the League of Nations was establishing its dominance over the world by forming an institution.

Hindi letters and Abhyudaya neither supported nor opposed communism because they believed that if they did not live up to their principles, it would probably end. In view of the decision of the League of Nations and its functioning, the letter described it as an organized hypocrisy and sent a message to the suffering nations to strengthen their position.

Abstract in Hindi Language:

हिन्दी पत्रों, विशेष रूप से ’अभ्युदय’ ने अन्तर्राष्ट्रीय घटनाओं को जनमानस तक पहुँचाकर न केवल कांग्रेस की विदेश नीति को स्पष्ट किया अपितु भारतीयों को राजनीतिक स्वार्थ, कूटनीति और आर्थिक लाभों के लिए विभिन्न राष्ट्र, जो रक्तपात कर रहे थे, उसका भी ज्ञान कराया।

पत्र का मानना था भारत की आन्तरिक अवस्था, उसके विदेशों से सम्बंध और राष्ट्रीय रक्षा आदि प्रश्नों पर निर्णय लेने का अधिकार केवल भारत का था। 1920 ई0 में संसार में सबसे अधिक चर्चा साम्यवाद और राष्ट्रसंघ की ही थी। पूँजीवादी देश रूस की साम्यवादी नीति का विरोध कर रहे थे। दूसरी ओर, विश्व में शांति के नाम पर राष्ट्रसंघ संस्था बनाकर विश्व पर अपना प्रभुत्त्व कायम कर रहे थे।

हिन्दी पत्रों और अभ्युदय ने साम्यवाद का न तो समर्थन ही किया और न विरोध क्योंकि उनका मानना था कि अपने सिद्धांतों पर खरा न उतरनें पर इसका अन्त सम्भवतः ही हो जायेगा। राष्ट्रसंघ के निर्णय और उसकी कार्यप्रणाली को देखते हुए पत्र ने उसे एक संगठित पाखंड बताया और पीड़ित राष्ट्रों को अपनी स्थिति सुदृढ़ करने का संदेश दिया।

Keywords: साम्राज्यवाद का विस्तार, साम्यवादी विचारधारा, राष्ट्रसंघ, ब्रिटिश सरकार की अन्तर्राष्ट्रीय राजनीति
Contribution of Gandhi Philosophy in Rural Development of India: Evaluation
Authors: Solanki Rajendra Singh
Published: August 2022

All round development of the country is possible only through rural development. Developed India cannot even be imagined without the development of villages. Rural development has been a challenge for the country after independence. A lot of efforts have also been made to ensure smooth implementation of the schemes. These facts of village development have been compulsorily accepted that only wide conscious and active public participation can become the basis of success of rural development plans. Since independence, it has been felt continuously that Panchayati Raj Institutions can prove to be a strong institutional means of ensuring public participation in the process of rural development, but the assessments done by various committees made it clear that Panchayati Raj Institutions are not able to achieve this objective to a real extent. Couldn't succeed. Therefore, the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act of the Constitution marked the beginning of a new era in the context of Panchayati Raj Institutions. New forms of public participation were seen in development plans. If a general analysis of the patterns of rural development in India is done, then it is quite clear that the influence of Gandhi's philosophy is clearly visible in it. If a general analysis of the patterns of rural development in India is done, then it is quite clear that the influence of Gandhi's philosophy is clearly visible in it.

Abstract in Hindi Language:

देश का सर्वांगीण विकास ग्रामीण विकास से ही संभव है। गाँवों के विकसित हुए बिना विकसित भारत की कल्पना भी नहीं की जा सकती है। ग्रामीण विकास स्वतंत्रता के बाद देश के लिए चूनौतीपूर्ण रहा है। योजनाओं का सुदृढ क्रियान्वयन सुनिश्चित करने के लिए भी बहुत प्रयास किये गये हैं। गाँवों के विकास के इन तथ्यों को अनिवार्य रूप से स्वीकार किया गया है कि व्यापक सचेतन व सक्रिय जनसहभागिता ही ग्रामीण विकास योजनाओं की सफलता का आधार बन सकती है। आजादी के बाद से लगातार अनुभव किया गया कि पंचायतीराज संस्थाएँ ग्रामीण विकास की प्रक्रिया में जनसहभागिता को सुनिश्चित करने का सबल संस्थागत माध्यम सिद्ध हो सकती हैं किन्तु विभिन्न समितियों द्वारा किये गये आंकलनों ने यह स्पष्ट किया कि पंचायतीराज संस्थाएँ इस उद्देश्य की प्राप्ति में वास्तविक सीमा तक सफल नहीं हो सकी। इसलिए संविधान का 73 वाँ संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम से पंचायती राज संस्थाओं के संदर्भ में एक नए युग का सूत्रपात हुआ। विकास योजनाओं में जनसहभागिता के नये स्वरूप देखने को मिले। भारत में ग्रामीण विकास के प्रतिमानों का यदि सामान्य विश्लेषण किया जाये तो यह तथ्य पूर्णतः स्पष्ट है कि इसमें गाँधी दर्शन का प्रभाव स्पष्ट रूप से देखने को मिलता है। भारत में ग्रामीण विकास के प्रतिमानो को यदि सामान्य विश्लेषण किया जाये तो यह तथ्य पूर्णतः स्पष्ट है कि इसमें गाँधी दर्शन का प्रभाव स्पष्ट रूप देखने को मिलता है।

Keywords: गाँधी दर्शन, योजनाएँ, विकास, गाँव, जनसहभागिता।
Overview of the architecture of Mehrangarh fort with reference to Jodhpur
Authors: Yadav Suman Devi
Published: August 2022

Forts have been of special importance in the architectural period of Rajasthan in India. From the rulers and vassals to the small feudal lords of this region, some kind of fortifications were built for their protection. If Rajasthan is called the land of fortifications, then there will be no exaggeration in it. Here some fort is definitely found at a distance of every ten miles. In the Ajmer-Merwada area of ​​Rajasthan, in the year 1873-74, 133 complete buildings and forts were found in the physical verification of the British Commissioner. Which have been built by the rulers of the princely states that ruled before the British administration. Rajput rulers and feudatories considered it a matter of their prestige to stay in the fort and establish their dominance over more and more forts, so the power of the king and feudal lord who had more forts was estimated by their number. During the time of Maharana Kumbha of Mewar and Rao Maldev of Marwar, most of the fort construction work was done, apart from this, more forts were built by the rulers of Chauhan and Parmar dynasty than other dynasties. were also the main means.
Karbapenem dirençli Pseudomonas ve Acinetobacter türlerinde MBL üretiminin saptanması ve risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi.
Authors: DENİZ Secil , BAYKAM Nurcan
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To investigate the frequency of MBLs in Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter species with E-test, to determine the risk factors and to evaluate the demographic and clinical features of infected patients. Materials and methods: Imipenem or meropenem resistance of Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter isolated from several clinical samples with conventional methods were evaluated with imipenem EDTA E-test and the presence of Metallo-β-lactameses MBL was examined. Several isolates were screened for VIM-1, VIM-2, IMP-1, and IMP-2 with a PCR test. Results: Of 46 carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter isolates, 41 (89%), as well as of 19 carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas isolates, 5 (26%) had MBL positivity with imipenem-EDTA E-test. A history of Intensive Care Unit stay, mechanical ventilation and cephalosporin use were found to be significant risk factors with respect to MBL production. Conclusion: Detection of MBL production in Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas species especially in ICU patients is of prime importance to control infection rapidly and effectively, which contribute to prevention of outbreaks.
Evolution and Advancement of Arithmetic Coding over Four Decades
Authors: Ujala Razaq  , Xu Lizhong  , Changli Li  , Muhammad Usman
Published: August 2022

Arithmetic Coding (AC) is a form of entropy encoding used in lossless data compression. It is a well-known, state of the art technique, in which the frequently seen symbols are encoded with fewer bits than rarely seen symbols. It has been widely used since last four decades. Many researchers worked on it to improve its performance and they successfully experimented with it. This technique has also been in use in combination with other techniques to gain surprising results. In this survey paper, an effort is made to recap a number of accomplishments from 1976 to 2017 regarding Arithmetic Coding. This study provides an insight for new researchers to know how this technique evolved with time and how major achievements were made using this technique. This paper gives a comparison of AC with another well-known technique named Huffman Coding. Comparison with its contemporary counterparts shows that it is better in performance almost in every situation.
The Effect of Translation on the Approximated First Order Polarization Tensor of Sphere and Cube
Authors: Suzarina Ahmed Sukri  , Taufiq Khairi Ahmad Khairuddin  , Yeak Su Hoe
Published: August 2022

Throughout this paper, the translation effect on the first order polarization tensor approximation for different type of objects will be highlighted. Numerical integration involving quadratic element as well as linear element for polarization tensor approximation will be presented. Here, we used different positions of an object of fixed size and conductivity when computing the first order polarization tensor. From the numerical results of computed first order polarization tensor, the convergence for every translation is observed. Moreover, discretization of the geometric objects into triangular meshes was done by using meshing software called NETGEN mesh generator while for the numerical computation, MATLAB software was used. We found that the translation has no effect on the approximated first order PT for sphere and cube after we have computed the first order PT for both geometries with a few center of masses. The numerical results of approximated first order polarization tensor is plotted by comparing the numerical results with analytical solution provided.
RELATIVE COPRIME PROBABILITY FOR CYCLIC SUBGROUPS OF SOME DIHEDRAL GROUPS
Authors: Nurfarah Zulkifli  , Nor Muhainiah Mohd Ali
Published: August 2022

A dihedral group is a group of symmetries of a regular -sided polygon, in other words, a structured operation that will make n-gon to go back to itself through a solid motion. Many researchers have studied various fields of group theory using dihedral groups and one of them is the study of the coprime probability of a group and it is defined as the probability of a random pair of elements in a group G such that the greatest common divisor of the order of x and y, where x and y are in G, is equal to one. The coprime probability of G is then extended to the relative coprime  probability G and it is defined as the probability that two randomly selected elements h  from H and g from G where H is a subgroup of a group G such that the greatest common divisor of the order of h and order of g, is equal to one.  In this research, the concentration is on the generalization of the relative coprime probability for cyclic subgroups of some dihedral groups.
PERCEPÇÕES DOS COORDENADORES PEDAGÓGICOS SOBRE O USO DE DROGAS ENTRE ESTUDANTES DA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS NUMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA DO DISTRITO FEDERAL
Authors: JUNIOR FRANCISCO MARCIO
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo é rsultado de uma pesquisa de dissertação de mestrado em Educação. Como objetivo principal, buscou-se compreender as percepções dos coordenadores pedagógicos sobre o uso de drogas entre estudantes da  (EJA), numa escola pública no DF. Como objetivos específicos, procuou-se conhecer as trajetórias profissional, biográfica e escolar desses profissionais; saber suas concepções acerca do uso de drogas entre aqueles estudantes e verificar como elas orientam suas práticas de intervenção. Para isso, foram utilizados a metodologia qualitativa (ZANETTE, 2017), o instrumento de pesquisa entrevista narrativa (WELLER & ZARDO, 2013) e o método de análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2009). A pesquisa ancorou-se em estudos que problematizam a criminalização das drogas como uma das formas de manutenção de desigualdades sociais histórica e socialmente construídas, em vez de promover a saúde e a proteção da vida. Por fim, mediante a interpretação dos dados obtidos, observou-se que, embora a maior parte dos coordenadores, por vezes, reforçam a estigmatização de usuários. Por outro lado, os mesmos profissionais também percebem que o baixo rendimento escolar e/ou atos de violência estão mais associados à vulnerabilidade social do que ao uso de drogas.
ENTREVISTA COM SIMONE BENCK:
Authors: Quiroga Fernando Lionel
Published: August 2022

A trajetória da criação da Universidade do Distrito Federal (UnDF) inicia-se nos anos 1990 e se materializa, depois de mais de três décadas e inúmeras tentativas, por meio da publicação da Lei Complementar n.º 987 (Distrito Federal, 2021a) que autoriza a sua criação. Mais do que uma expressão legal, o marco é representativo dos esforços das políticas de expansão do ensino superior que visam a dar conta das demandas históricas pela redução das desigualdades sociais e qualificação para o mundo do trabalho. O projeto de criação da Universidade do Distrito Federal tem sido amplamente discutido junto a diversos grupos, como a classe política, a acadêmico-científica, os estudantes, os representantes de movimentos sociais e a própria sociedade civil. Nesta entrevista, a Excelentíssima Reitora Pro Tempore, Simone Benck, viabiliza uma reflexão mais detida acerca deste processo histórico, destacando as principais ideias que vêm dando forma à criação de mais uma universidade brasileira.
LEADERSHIP FRAMEWORK IN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF UKRAINE
Authors: Salii Bogdan
Published: August 2022

The article examines the role of leadership in the modernization of the educational system of Ukraine. It is proved that educational leadership as a management paradigm acquires special importance in the conditions of military aggression of the Russian Federation and will contribute to the restoration and development of the education system after the war. One of the main issues of Ukrainian education is that after the country gained independence, the system developed by inertia which lead to increased distance from the real needs of democratic development of society, state and economy. This author used qualitative methods to collect data in order to prepare list of recommendations which will allow transform from authoritarian system of teaching to modern, western orientated system where teacher is a leader not just a source of information flow. Teacher-leader has to have charisma, developed emotional intelligence, service motives to his followers. To achieve success, modern Ukrainian educational system has to be student-centered where student is not inactive object of pedagogical influence of a teacher, on opposite, he become an equal contributor in the learning course. The author discovered that students found more important competencies that are formed during the course then teacher’s professionalism and knowledge of the subject. Given recommendation prevent any intolerance or discrimination against students and create space for students to cultivate personal development that can be used in future careers. However, in order to achieve best results the educational institution must consider the recommendation as general and adapt them to their environment instead of just implementing them.
СИНХРОНІЗАЦІЯ ОБ’ЄДНАНОЇ ЕНЕРГОСИСТЕМИ УКРАЇНИ З ENTSO-E: ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ ВИМІР
Authors: Грушко В.І.
Published: August 2022

У статті аналізується економічні наслідки синхронізації об’єднаної енергосистеми України є ENTSO-E. Метою дослідження є аналіз стану електроенергетики України після інтеграції її з ENTSO-E. Крім того, показано, що на початку березня цього року, започатковано синхронізацію ОЕС України та Молдови з енергетичною системою Європи ENTSO-E. Україна стала частиною ENTSO-E раніше на рік терміну, який був запланований. Проаналізовано законодавчі принципи щодо реалізації державної політики енергетичної незалежності, а саме прийняту Верховною Радою України Постанову ВР №26-VIII від 11.12.2014 р., якою затверджено Програму діяльності КМ України у цій царині. Підкреслено, що 12 вересня 2019 року НЕК «Укренерго» підписало Сервісний контракт з Консорціумом системних операторів ENTSO-E для вивчення спроможності інтеграції з ОЕС України. Констатується, що літом 2018 року була розпочата робота по гарантуванню проведення відповідних розвідок, а саме: на початку були визначений механізм проведення перевірок який включав порядок, методологію та відповідні плани. Для реалізації наміченого були надані кошти з боку USAID. Відмічено, що в межах реалізації Каталогу заходів щодо синхронізації ОЕС України з ENTSO-E, «НАЕК« Енергоатом» разом з НЕК «Укренерго» додатково до випробувань 2019 року 17 серпня 2020 розпочали тестування систем збудження на енергоблоках АЕС на придатність вимогам технології ENTSO-Е. Досліджується модель, яка дозволяє відслідкувати як працює об’єднана електроенергетична система ОЕС України та ENTSO-E, у тому числі особливості як автономного, так і паралельного режиму роботи цих систем. Підтверджено, що Україна має хороші можливості для значного збільшення експорту електроенергії в європейські країни. По - перше, вітчизняна електроенергетична галузь має досить багато різноманітних електрогенеруючих потужностей, які виробляють струм у достатній кількості, для того щоб забезпечити потреби українських споживачів. По - друге, українські електростанції у спроможні виробляти надлишок електроенергії, який можна експортувати в європейські країни. На основі досліджених даних були здійснені розрахунки об’ємів майбутньої торгівлі електроенергією з країнами ЄС, який склав 2 гігават потужності, саме такі об’єми Україна має можливість експортувати через міждержавні лінії електропередач. Доведено, що членство України в ENTSO-E позитивно вплине і на подальший розвиток відновлюваних джерел енергії, оскільки в ЄС є спеціальна програма підтримки саме цієї галузі електроенергетики. Обґрунтована теза про те, що європейська енергоінтеграція України суттєво вплине на демонополізацію та деолігархізацію український енергетичного ринку. Засвідчено, що за час, який пройшов з початку синхронного функціонування української та європейської систем не сталося ні одної аварійної ситуації. Україна, на сьогоднішній день, має можливість поставляти закордон щонайменше 800 МВт і це на потребує використання якогось нового устаткування, більш це не завадить стабільності системи.
The Global State of Democracy Indices Methodology: Conceptualization and Measurement Framework, Version 6 (2022)
Authors: Skaaning Svend-Erik
Published: August 2022

Outlines the conceptual distinctions, theoretical framework and measurement procedures on which the GSoD Indices are based. This document has been updated to reflect the changes implemented in Version 5 of the data set.
Problematika Hukum Dalam Transaksi Elektronik dan Upaya Penyelesaiannya
Authors: Sudiyana Sudiyana
Published: August 2022

Transaksi elektronik dapat dilakukan secara nasional dan Internasional. Transaksi elektronik dapat menimbulkan berbagai masalah dalam masyarakat, seperti adanya wanprestasi, tidak dilaksanakannya Transaksi secara tepat waktu, cacat pada barang atau obyek transaksi atau tidak sesuai dengan yang sudah disepakati, sehingga dapat menimbulkan kerugian bagi salah satu pihak. Adanya permasalahan atau problematika hukum dalam transaksi elektronik, maka perlu dicari upaya penyelesaiannya. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengenai sejauhmana problematika hukum dalam Transaksi elektronik itu dan bagaimana upaya penyelesaiannya. Sebagai penelitian doctrinal, pendekatannya adalah perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Banyak peraturan perundang-undangan yang dapat dipergunakan sebagai dasar untuk menyelesaiakan problematika hukum dalam transaksi elektronik, baik hukum umum seperti Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (Burgelijk Wet Book), Het Herziene Indonesisch (HIR) & Rechtsreglement Buitengewesten (RBg), maupun hukum khusus seperti Undang-Undang Nomor 19 tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik.

Kata Kunci: Problematika Hukum, Upaya Penyelesaiann, Transaksi Elektronik
PANCASILA SEBAGAI CITA LUHUR PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM NASIONAL
Authors: Aziz A Saiful
Published: August 2022

Pancasila disepakati sebagai sumber dari segala sumber hukum, tentunya akan menciptakan sebuah asumsi bahwa pancasila merupakan sumber hukum yang sempurna yang mampu menjangkau berbagai aspek. Hal tersebut mengartikan bahwa kualitas akan produk hukum kita ditentukan oleh seberapa jauh bangsa Indonesia mampu memaknai atau memahami sumber dasarnya itu sendiri. Pancasila dilihat sebagai cita hukum (rechtsidee) merupakan bintang pemandu. Posisi ini mengharuskan pembentukan hukum positif adalah untuk mencapai ide-ide dalam Pancasila, serta dapat digunakan untuk menguji hukum positif. Sebagai norma dasar (grundnorm).

Makna Pancasila bagi negara hukum Indonesia menempatkan asas keseimbangan dalam seluruh aspek penyelenggaraan negara antara lain; pertama, keseimbangan lahir dan batin seperti terlihat dalam sila ketuhanan dan sila keadilan kesejahteraan dalam makna kemajuan ekonomi,kedua keseimbangan antara internasionalitas (kosmopoliteisme) dan kebangsaan (nasionalisme) seperti dalam sila kemanusiaan dan sila persatuan.

Pembangunan hukum dimulai dari pondasinya dan jiwa paradigma bangsa Indonesia, Pancasila sebagai sumber dari segala sumber hukum (Staatsfundamentalnorm), yang dipertegas dalam UU No 10 Tahun 2004 Tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan terutama Pasal 2 yang menyatakan Pancasila merupakan sumber dari segala sumber hukum atau sumber tertib hukum bagi kehidupan hukum di Indonesia, maka hal tersebut dapat diartikan bahwa “Penempatan Pancasila sebagai sumber dari segala sumber hukum negara adalah sesuai dengan Pembukaan Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia tahun 1945 yang menempatkan Pancasila sebagai dasar dan ideologi negara serta sekaligus dasar filosofis bangsa. Pancasila sebagai norma dasar grundnorm merupakan landasan atau dasar dari semua pengembangan hukum baik secara teoritikal maupun praktikal, Sebagai Grundnorm, pancasila senantiasa menjadi penerang dan pengarah dari setiap bentuk aktifitas pengembanan sistem hukum yang terus berproses untuk mendekati cita hukum.

Kata Kunci : Pancasila, Pembangunan Hukum Nasional
MODEL BANK TANAH PERTANIAN UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN INDONESIA BERDAULAT PANGAN
Authors: Setiyawan Wahyu Benny Mukti , Dahani Nabila Chyntia
Published: August 2022

This study is a normative study, using statute approach and concept approach. The results of the study are the agricultural land banking model is the right concept to be applied in order to carry out land acquisition for agricultural land. The concept has previously been widely applied in various countries, namely the United States, Switzerland, and the Netherlands. Implementation of the concept of agricultural land banks in these countries proved successful. It is also necessary to apply the concept of agricultural land banking in Indonesia from the planning stage to the comprehensive control stage so that in the future there will be no significant problems in the realization of food sovereignty in Indonesia in terms of agriculture, especially in the procurement of land for agricultural land.
Upaya Aparat Kepolisian Dalam Menanggulangi Tindak Pidana Pencurian Dengan Kekerasan
Authors: Prakoso Adityo Putro
Published: August 2022

Violent theft has long existed on earth, which should have been eradicated. The reality is that there is still a lot of theft with violence in modern times like today. Crime theft with violence is a very complex problem that can not be separated from social factors, especially economic. This is interesting to do research to get a picture of the eradication of acts of theft with violence.

The purpose of this research about the crime of theft with violence is to get a picture of efforts to tackle violence and violence, and to get a picture of the difficulties to increase public awareness who should participate in efforts to eradicate theft with violence. The research method used is normative juridical.

Results of the study give the picture that theft by violence is a form of crime. In connection with the rampant crime cases of theft with violence will cause special attention and encourage similar operations to be held. The success of the Curas operation will not succeed without the support and participation of the community.
LARANGAN PENGGUNAAN FASILITAS NEGARA DALAM PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH BERDASARKAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN
Authors: Ardenolis Ardenolis , Fahmi Sudi , Ardiansyah Ardiansyah
Published: August 2022

Penyalahgunaan fasilitas negara untuk kepentingan kampanye petahana memang sudah cukup sering terjadi. Dimana para calon petahanan dianggap menggunakan baliho “promo daerah” yang sebenarnya bertujuan untuk mengenalkan daerah tersebut, juga digunakan sebagai alat untuk berkampanye secara terselubung. Terlebih didalam baliho tersebut hanya menonjolkan sosok mereka dibalik program pemerintah daerah dan “promo daerah”, sehingga hal tersebut dapat dikatagorikan kedalam kampanye terselubung. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah adalah Larangan Penggunaan Fasilitas Negara Dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Berdasarkan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Dan Akibat Hukum Terhadap Larangan Penggunaan Fasilitas Negara Dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Berdasarkan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah adalah Untuk Menganalisis Larangan Penggunaan Fasilitas Negara Dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Berdasarkan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan, Untuk Menganalisis Akibat Hukum Terhadap Larangan Penggunaan Fasilitas Negara Dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Berdasarkan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Larangan Penggunaan Fasilitas Negara Dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Berdasarkan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan bahwa Penggunaan fasilitas Negara merupakan modus yang paling sering dilakukan kepala daerah pada saat pelaksanaan pemilihan kepala daerah.