bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qual é o futuro da governança de cibersegurança no Brasil?
Authors: Goldoni Luiz Rogério Franco , Rodrigues Karina Furtado , Medeiros Breno Pauli
Published: April 2024

Em 2023, o Brasil promulgou sua primeira política nacional de cibersegurança. Esta surgiu como resposta a diagnósticos preocupantes, que colocam a segurança da informação e a cibersegurança entre as vulnerabilidades de alto risco da administração pública brasileira, segundo relatório de 2022 do Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU). O que está por vir para a recém-promulgada Política Nacional de Cibersegurança (PNCiber) do Brasil? Nossa análise visa responder a essa pergunta, primeiro desvendando a estrutura de governança cibernética existente que a nova política herdou e, segundo, analisando a estrutura de governança debatida e promulgada pela política atual. Conclui-se que o Brasil fez diversos esforços para securitizar o ciberespaço por meio de uma coleção ampla, porém desconexa, de documentos, cuja maturidade de implementação não está clara, sem que a PNCiber forneça ferramentas de políticas públicas diretas para enfrentar esses desafios.
AS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E A AVALIAÇÃO DA GESTÃO NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Nunes Rogério da Silva , Coelho Arnaldo Fernandes Matos , Weersma Laodicéia Amorim
Published: April 2024

As datas representam uma contagem de tempo, e é comum assinalarmos a passagem de eventos relevantes. Em 2023, houve os 35 anos da promulgação da Constituição Federal do Brasil (Brasil, 1988), com muitos efeitos na educação superior. É a partir de então que se deu ênfase à criação de cursos noturnos, ao surgimento de Centros Universitários, com suas formas inclusivas de acesso e, principalmente, à expansão da oferta de cursos e vagas.

Apesar dos sobressaltos da alternância de governos destes 35 anos, é possível identificar que o rumo é aquele estabelecido pela Carta Magna de 1988 e suas legislações complementares, em que se destacam a Lei nº 9394/96 (Brasil, 1996), Lei de Bases da Educação (LDB), a Lei nº 12.711/2012 (Brasil, 2012), Lei de Cotas na Educação Superior e o Decreto nº 6.096/2007 (Brasil, 2007), que criou o Programa de Apoio a Planos de Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais (Reuni).

No entanto, tem-se, ainda, o desafio da avaliação de políticas e programas sociais, relevante para o planejamento e a gestão institucional (Lima; Ferreira, 2016) e como fonte de informações indispensáveis para o diagnóstico e a alimentação do planejamento e processo decisório (Marquezan; Scremin, 2019).

Novas tecnologias, arranjos organizacionais e atores advindos do crescente processo de internacionalização exigem que surjam novas rotinas, estruturas organizacionais, modelos de negócio e estruturas de poder nas organizações e na sociedade. É a partir dos processos avaliativos, onde estão identificados indicadores e metas, que a formulação de políticas públicas adquire consistência. No momento em que se buscam inserção internacional e inovação em processos de gestão, é necessário saber antes o que se tem, como foi obtido e como pode ser aperfeiçoado.

Portanto, as datas, que simbolizam o passar dos anos, também servem como marcos de referência para comemorações e reflexões sobre o percurso até aqui das políticas implementadas; em especial, se estão adequadas ao ambiente de rápidas transformações nas tecnologias e nos processos de gestão dos novos modelos de negócio.

Desse modo, faz-se necessária a busca de indicadores e metas que agilizem a inovação, a internacionalização e a adequação da gestão a um ambiente em que as fronteiras estão cada vez mais fluidas e novas modalidades de negócio surgem a todo momento. A Revista Gestão e Análise - REGEA faz parte do esforço de divulgar ideias e pesquisas em tal direção.

Espero que você perceba, nos artigos desta edição, contribuições para o cenário dos próximos anos, e que eles sirvam como colaboração às suas pesquisas futuras. Aproveite a leitura!
Μουσείο Παθολογικής Ανατομικής Ιατρικής Σχολής ΕΚΠΑ
Authors: Μάιπας Σωτήριος
Published: April 2024

Η συνεισφορά των μουσείων στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία και στην επαφή με τις επιστήμες έχει αποδειχθεί ωφέλιμη τόσο για τους εκπαιδευόμενους όσο και για τους διδάσκοντες. Ειδικότερα για τα ιατρικά μουσεία, η επαφή των φοιτητών με τα εκθέματα μπορεί να βελτιώσει τις παρατηρητικές τους ικανότητες, να τους προσφέρει νέες γνώσεις, αλλά και να τους καλλιεργήσει το στοιχείο της ενσυναίσθησης. Επιπλέον, σημαντικό χαρακτηριστικό γνώρισμα πολλών μουσειακών εκθεμάτων αποτελεί η διασύνδεσή τους με την περιβαλλοντική υγεία, είτε, για παράδειγμα, επειδή φέρουν το αποτύπωμα της περιβαλλοντικής επίδρασης στην υγεία είτε γιατί μπορούν να αξιοποιηθούν ως βιοδείκτες για μελέτες που αφορούν στη διαχρονική εξέλιξη της ρύπανσης και της επίπτωσής της στην υγεία. Στο Μουσείο Παθολογικής Ανατομικής της Ιατρικής Σχολής του ΕΚΠΑ, υπάρχουν παθολογοανατομικά παρασκευάσματα που συσχετίζονται με δυνητική επίδραση περιβαλλοντικών παραγόντων, τα οποία καταγράφηκαν και αξιοποιήθηκαν αναλόγως στο πλαίσιο της διατριβής. Για τις ανάγκες της μελέτης, δημιουργήθηκε δομημένο ερωτηματολόγιο και διαμοιράστηκε σε προπτυχιακούς φοιτητές της Ιατρικής Σχολής και σε φοιτητές προγράμματος μεταπτυχιακών σπουδών που αφορά στο γνωστικό αντικείμενο της περιβαλλοντικής υγείας. Η επαφή των φοιτητών με τα παρασκευάσματα του Μουσείου, σύμφωνα με την άποψή τους, συνεισφέρει στην ανάπτυξη των γνώσεων και της παρατηρητικότητάς τους, αλλά και της ευαισθητοποίησης και της ενσυναίσθησής τους όσον αφορά σε ορισμένες παθήσεις και τα αποτελέσματα αυτών στον ανθρώπινο οργανισμό. Οι ιδιαιτερότητες του χώρου και ειδικά οι ανάγκες για διορθωτικές και αισθητικές παρεμβάσεις επισημάνθηκαν από τους φοιτητές, οι οποίοι, μάλιστα, πρότειναν λύσεις που, κατά τη γνώμη τους, θα βελτίωναν τη συνολική εικόνα του Μουσείου. Επιπλέον, οι φοιτητές αναγνωρίζουν το περιβαλλοντικό αποτύπωμα του Μουσείου και θεωρούν ότι πράγματι το Μουσείο Παθολογικής Ανατομικής μπορεί να αποτελέσει χώρο εκπαίδευσης για την περιβαλλοντική υγεία, αλλά και να ευαισθητοποιήσει το κοινό για ζητήματα που αφορούν στις περιβαλλοντικές επιδράσεις στην υγεία. Επίσης, οι φοιτητές αναγνωρίζουν ότι τα παρελθοντικά παρασκευάσματα μπορούν να αποτελέσουν αντικείμενα μελέτης για τους σύγχρονους ερευνητές, με νέες τεχνικές μοριακών και γενετικών ελέγχων. Τέλος, οι μη ιατροβιολογικού χαρακτήρα πληροφορίες που συνοδεύουν ορισμένα εκθέματα ενδιαφέρουν τους φοιτητές, οι οποίοι θεωρούν ότι οι εν λόγω πληροφορίες πρέπει να διασωθούν.
Greenland 2022 GHOST project: Sampling Greenland geothermal springs - expedition report
Authors: Giovannelli Donato , Selci Matteo , Cramm Margaret , Bradley James A. , de Moor J. Maarten , Barry Peter H. , Morrison Shaunna M. , Correggia Monica , di Iorio Luciano , Cordone Angelina , Caliro Stefano , Halldórsson Saemundur A.
Published: April 2024

This report describes the GRL22 expedition to Disko Island (West Greenland) to sample the thermal springs generated by residual heat associated with formation of the Icelandic hotspot. Despite the large number of springs present on Disko Island, our knowledge of the microbiology of these springs and how they relate to cycling of volatile elements and controls on their budgets is limited. The aim of the project is to understand the diversity of microbial communities brought to Earth’s surface by spring fluids and to determine their role in biogeochemical cycling. The long-term goal of the project is to combine these data with hot spring data from East Greenland and Iceland. This approach will create a transect in “space and time” across the Icelandic hotspot track, that will allow us to evaluate the potential influences of the plume on the subsurface microbial communities. This leg of the expedition took place between July 25 and August 2, 2022, and nine distinct sites were sampled for microbiology and geochemistry.
The Treatment of Depression in Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Bachurska Dominika , Marek Jakub , Grygorczuk Oliwia , Czach Zuzanna
Published: April 2024

This narrative review critically examines the utilization of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) in managing coexisting depression and heart failure (HF), integrating findings from various studies, clinical trials, and observational data. SSRIs, pivotal in treating mood and anxiety disorders by elevating synaptic serotonin levels, have been observed to potentially impact cardiovascular health. Specifically, SSRIs like sertraline show promise in enhancing endothelial function and exerting anti-inflammatory effects, which are beneficial in conditions like HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Furthermore, SSRIs demonstrate favorable outcomes in reducing platelet aggregation and modulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), suggesting a multifaceted role in HF management. However, their safety profile, particularly concerning bleeding risks, QTc prolongation, and drug interactions, necessitates careful consideration. Despite theoretical and molecular evidence supporting SSRIs' beneficial effects in HF, clinical data remain inconclusive, highlighting the need for further research. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of SSRIs' effectiveness, safety, and potential benefits in treating depression and HF, offering insights for evidence-based decision-making and future research directions.
Creatine - new hope in cancer treatment
Authors: Mądry Wojciech , Mazurkiewicz Aleksandra , Marcicka Justyna , Kołodziej Magdalena , Męczyńska Joanna , Saiuk Nazarii , Kozicz Michał Andrzej , Seredyński Tomasz , Wojciechowska Adriana , Salasa Weronika
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Creatine, a supplement popular especially among athletes, is gaining increasive attention from scientists worldwide due to its potential health benefits, among other things, in the context of its anti-cancer application.

Materials and methods

The following review of studies is based on scientific articles from recent years available in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Key search terms included: "creatine", "creatine supplementation", "creatine in sports", "supplementation in sports", "creatine in cancer”.

Results

The literature review unequivocally demonstrates the beneficial impact of creatine supplementation on numerous health and athletic aspects. Creatine has been observed to have a positive effect on selected aspects of cancer treatment, such as reducing tumor mass, complementing the action of commonly used anticancer drugs, and slowing down the wasting associated with cancer diseases.

Conclusion

The promising results of the cited studies indicate that further research into creatine supplementation and its mechanisms of action is necessary. There is a need for further research on the positive impact of creatine supplementation in the treatment of cancer diseases. The significant potential of creatine supplementation may enable its inclusion in clinical practice in the future and the development of an effective therapeutic strategy based on it in the treatment of cancer diseases.
Novel therapies of treating non-muscle invasive bladder cancer when BCG therapy turns out to be insufficient
Authors: Kołodziej Magdalena , Kozicz Michał Andrzej , Saiuk Nazarii , Marcicka Justyna , Mądry Wojciech , Mazurkiewicz Aleksandra , Męczyńska Joanna , Seredyński Tomasz , Wojciechowska Adriana , Salasa Weronika
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Bladder cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. There are two forms of bladder cancer: non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and muscle invasive bladder cancer. A common treatment method for non- muscle invasive bladder cancer is intravesical BCG (Mycobaterium bovis) therapy after radical tumor resection. It is estimated that half of patients will have an insufficient response to BCG treatment. Patients using this type of therapy also report side effects more and more often. Aim of the study: The aim of this article is to discuss the latest discoveries in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer when BCG therapy is insufficient. Material and Methods: The paper was created based on the PubMed and Scholar database. The literature was reviewed using the key words: „bladder cancer”; „BCG”; „treatment”; „side effects”; „novel therapies”. Results: The research shows that novel therapies are effective and safe compared to the use of BCG. In such patients, atezolizumab, metformin or intravesical magnesium sulfate infusions may be used as an alternative. An innovative solution is the use of HIVEC - heated chemotherapy administered intravesically. There are also drugs that potentiate the action of BCG, making the therapy more effective. These include: sasanlimab and rapamycin. Due to the side effects experienced by patients, the use of intravesical BCG is often replaced with intravesical infusions of chemotherapy drugs. Conclusion: The research shows that novel therapies are effective compared to the use of BCG. Unfortunately, more research is needed to standardize the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.
The Role of Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Treating Depression among Population Subgroups
Authors: Saiuk Nazarii , Kołodziej Magdalena , Kozicz Michał Andrzej , Mądry Wojciech , Mazurkiewicz Aleksandra , Męczyńska Joanna , Seredyński Tomasz , Wojciechowska Adriana , Marcicka Justyna , Salasa Weronika
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, with its prevalence on the rise. The use of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), primarily including mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), in MDD is scientifically justified. But will every population subgroup benefit from such an approach?

Aim of the study

The aim of our study is to analyze, based on the latest scientific findings, the effects of MBIs within specific subgroups of patients suffering from depression, including adolescents, elderly patients, cancer patients, individuals experiencing postnatal and perinatal depression, and patients with chronic pain. Additionally, we sought to summarize the current knowledge regarding the structural and functional effects of MBIs on the human brain.

Materials and methods

We conducted a comprehensive search of scientific databases including PubMed and Google Scholar to identify relevant articles focusing on MBIs and their effects on treating depression within various subgroups. Additionally, we performed a review of literature available on PubMed and Google Scholar to summarize the current knowledge regarding the impact of MBIs on the human brain.

Conclusions

Across various subgroups MBIs show promise in reducing depressive symptoms, indicating their potential as adjunctive treatments or preventive measures. While longer intervention durations are associated with larger effects, further research is needed to establish a solid evidence base, particularly in older populations and cancer patients with different cancer types.
Unraveling the Influence of Lifestyle Choices on Microbiota Diversity – A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Seredyński Tomasz , Mądry Wojciech , Mazurkiewicz Aleksandra , Kołodziej Magdalena , Męczyńska Joanna , Saiuk Nazarii , Kozicz Michał Andrzej , Wojciechowska Adriana , Marcicka Justyna , Salasa Weronika
Published: April 2024

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the interplay between lifestyle choices, particularly non-pharmacological methods, and their profound impact on gut health. This burgeoning interest is fuelled by a growing body of research highlighting the pivotal role of the gut microbiota in maintaining overall health and well-being. Aim of the study: The aim of this review is to explore the nexus between an optimal health-related choices and gut microbiota composition, highlighting the latest research findings and insights into how dietary patterns, physical activity, psychological stress and sleep quality influence microbial diversity and functionality. Materials and methods: A comprehensive examination of scientific literature available in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases was undertaken. The search strategy incorporated keywords such as "gut”, “gut microbiota”, “exercise”, “diet”, “stress” and “circadian rhythm” to identify relevant articles. Results: The literature review findings unequivocally reveal an increased diversity in the gut microbial community and a favourable balance between commensal and pathogenic bacteria, as well as overall gut health, including integrity and functionality, attributable to adherence to a healthy lifestyle. These findings highlight the intricate interplay between lifestyle factors and colon microbial composition. Conclusions: Although initial findings are encouraging, additional investigation into the potential impact of gut microbiota on health, particularly in the long term, is indispensable. Moreover, the limitations inherent in current research methodologies, such as small sample sizes, variability in study designs, and inconsistencies in findings, underscore the need for robust, well-controlled studies to validate and expand upon existing findings. Robust studies are necessary to develop targeted interventions for optimizing gut health.
The impact of artificial sweeteners on the metabolic syndrome
Authors: Czyżewski Filip , Baranowska Alicja , Baranowska Katarzyna , Filipek Kinga , Kawka Jakub , Muciek Michał , Mrugała Sebastian , Mrugała Waldemar , Skierkowski Bartosz , Zalewska Natalia
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome is a wide-spread disease that affects even 30% of Polish population. The mentioned syndrome consists of: glucose intolerance, obesity, dyslipidaemia and high blood pressure. Change of lifestyle, particularly diet, is a crucial part of treatment of those issues. Artificial sweeteners are low-calorie or non-nutritive substances that are made for lowering sugar amounts in sweetened beverages. The use of artificial sweeteners rises among those, who want to lower their weight. Artificial sweeteners are well known substances, but their impact on health is still a matter of studies. We want to summarize the current knowledge about their impact on metabolic syndrome and its elements.
 
Objectives: The review and presentation of the current state of knowledge on impact of artificial sweeteners on metabolic syndrome and its components.
 
Material and methods: Review of the studies available on open access sources at PubMed, Google Scholar, National Library of Medicine and Coachrane.
 
Conclusions: Currently there is no evidence of positive impact of artificial sweeteners on the metabolic syndrome. Moreover, new studies prove a negative impact of those substances at obesity, glucose intolerance, dyslipidaemia and blood pressure. However there is a need of further studies about physiology of gut microbiota and current subject to strengthen current depth of evidence.
Deconstrucción del espectáculo: el bioarte como práctica de la intercorporeidad
Authors: Peng Jia , Yang Yuqi
Published: April 2024

El gobierno del espectáculo en la vida cotidiana se basa en el ocularcentrismo del mecanismo de percepción semiótica humana, en las formas de homogeneidad semiótica y el monólogo. El bioarte incorpora múltiples formas de vida (incluidas células y virus) al vehículo de signos de los textos artísticos, con lo que se establece una transcodificación intersubjetiva y una interacción sinestésica/corpórea entre los cuerpos humanos y los cuerpos de otras criaturas. La apertura de los cuerpos significa nuevas formas de percepción semiótica y comunicación dialógica entre especies diferentes, aunque estén muy distantes en la dimensión del parentesco genético. Como práctica antiespectáculo, el bioarte brinda a sus participantes la oportunidad de volver a la existencia ontológica de la vida misma, deconstruye el poder manipulador del espectáculo y establece relaciones dialógicas entre los seres humanos y otras criaturas al revelar y representar al público los procesos semióticos y vitales invisibles.
Eating disorders: is there a correlation between severity of physical compromise and admission outcomes?
Authors: Prosser Amelia , Leslie Fiona
Published: April 2024

Background:

The Medical Emergencies in Eating Disorders (MEED) report was first released by the Royal College of Psychiatrists in 2022 (updated 2023) to aid clinicians in recognising medical compromise due to an eating disorder and to provide guidance for management.

Aims:

This study looked at admissions over 5 years to explore whether there is a correlation between MEED medical compromise parameters and three outcomes: length of stay, detainment under the Mental Health Act 1983, and discharge destination.

Methods:

A retrospective study of 26 patients admitted to a large teaching hospital for an eating disorder between 2018 and 2023. The risk assessment from the MEED report was used to create a score for physical compromise and analysed to determine whether there was a correlation between the score and discharge destination, detainment under the Mental Health Act and length of stay.

Findings:

Demographic data were comparable with larger studies, with increasing numbers and 19.2% having autism spectrum disorder. There was no correlation between the scoring tool and detainment under the Act, discharge destination or length of stay.

Conclusion:

Increasing numbers of patients are presenting with eating disorders. Physical compromise was not a predictor for admission outcomes, but this could be further explored in larger studies.
Pediatric Hip Pain with Bone Lesion, Sepsis, and Occam’s Razor = Brodie’s Abscess Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, Morristown Medical Center, 261 James Street, Suite 3C, Morristown, New Jersey,, Minkowitz Barbara , Ristic Jennifer ,   Department of Orthopedics, Morristown Medical Center, 261 James Street, Suite 3C, Morristown, New Jersey,, Gagliardo Christina ,   Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Morristown Medical Center, 100 Madison Avenue, Morristown, New Jersey,, Mendelow Eytan ,   Department of Orthopedics, Morristown Medical Center, 261 James Street, Suite 3C, Morristown, New Jersey,, Spingarn Colleen ,   Director, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Goryeb Children’s Hospital, Atlantic Health System Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Brodie’s abscess is one type of subacute osteomyelitis that can be difficult to diagnose because characteristic signs and symptoms can be subtle and non-specific. Up to 90% of Brodie’s abscess cases are initially misdiagnosed, with a mean delay of 3 months to the correct diagnosis, with 50% of them misdiagnosed as tumors. Other conditions can also present quite similarly. Case Report: A 7-year-old male presented with complaints of hip pain and inability to bear weight. X-rays revealed Brodie’s abscess in the proximal femur which was initially misdiagnosed as toxic synovitis with an incidental unicameral bone cyst (UBC). Conclusion: Brodie’s abscess can be a diagnosis that is easily missed and should be included in the differential diagnosis when a child presents with a limp, inability to bear weight, or when a cortical lucency is seen on X-ray. There are no other cases in the literature of Brodie’s abscess presenting like toxic synovitis. This case is relevant to pediatricians and orthopedists, particularly pediatric orthopedists. Keywords: Brodie’s abscess, toxic synovitis, septic arthritis, unicameral bone cyst.
Management of Ewing Sarcoma of Distal Fibula in Child: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sahloul Hospital, 4054 Sousse, Tunisia., Chermiti Wajdi , Khiareddine Mohamed ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sahloul Hospital, 4054 Sousse, Tunisia., Mhiri Amir ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sahloul Hospital, 4054 Sousse, Tunisia., Mtaoumi Mourad ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sahloul Hospital, 4054 Sousse, Tunisia., Maitigue Mahmoud Ben ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sahloul Hospital, 4054 Sousse, Tunisia., Bouattour Karim ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sahloul Hospital, 4054 Sousse, Tunisia.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Ewing’s sarcoma is the second most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents, after osteosarcoma. It is a rare tumor, with the axial skeleton being the preferred site of development, followed by the long bones. Diagnosis is evoked by imaging and confirmed by histology. Treatment is based on intensive chemotherapy with local surgical treatment in operable forms, and in some cases, radiotherapy. There are only a few sporadic cases in the literature describing distal fibular localization. Case Report: We report the case of a 7-year-old child who presented with pain on the lateral aspect of the left ankle without local inflammatory signs. Radiological findings revealed a metaphyseal-diaphyseal osteolytic tissue process of the left fibula, and histology concluded that it was Ewing’s sarcoma. We proceeded with neoadjuvant polychemotherapy followed by segmental resection of the distal fibula with an anteroexternal tibial rod, plus tibiotalar, and talocalcaneal arthrodesis without recourse to radiotherapy. Conclusion: The management of Ewing’s sarcoma is constantly evolving. Its distal fibular location in a growing limb makes it even more difficult. It must be personalized, multidisciplinary, and carried out in specialized centers. Keywords: Ewing’s sarcoma, distal fibula, chemotherapy arthrodesis.
Short-term Success in Treatment of an Acute Hematogenous Periprosthetic Hip Joint Infection with Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention
Authors:   School of Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, P.O. Box 1980, Norfolk, Virginia 23501-1980,, Stephens Senah E. , Evans Cody L. ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Carilion Clinic, 3 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, Virginia 24016.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is an unfortunate but frequent complication following total hip arthroplasty, with an incidence of 1%. Debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention is a treatment option for acute hematogenous PJI, with success rates reported up to 70%. Here, we present a case demonstrating short-term success using this treatment approach in a 74-year-old medically infirm patient. Case Report: The patient – a 74-year-old male with well-functioning bilateral total hip arthroplasties performed 14 years prior – presented to a rural emergency department with an acute onset of right groin pain and dizziness. The patient was found to have sepsis, a right hip joint effusion, and periarticular abscesses on assessment. Synovial fluid aspiration from the right hip grew methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. The patient was transferred to an outside hospital for limited debridement of the right hip joint, followed by transfer to our tertiary hospital. On arrival, consideration was given to performing an exchange arthroplasty. However, given the patient’s medical frailty, it was felt that the risks were prohibitive, as supported by the presence of ileus, severe electrolyte imbalance, anemia requiring transfusion, anasarca, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium infection of a sacral wound. The patient underwent surgery utilizing an established protocol of aggressive debridement and cleaning of the hip space, exchange of the modular arthroplasty components, and placement of antibiotic calcium sulfate beads for local delivery. The patient was treated with parenteral antibiotics followed by chronic oral antimicrobial suppression for 10 months after the final surgery. During treatment, the patient’s inflammatory markers have normalized. The patient is ambulatory without assistive devices but uses an ankle orthosis due to a post-operative foot drop that did not resolve. The patient has regained satisfactory mobility with an Oxford hip score of 27. Conclusion: This case demonstrates short-term success in the treatment of acute hematogenous PJI in a medically infirm patient utilizing debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention and may serve to inform future patient counseling. Keywords: Joint infection, debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention, antibiotics, total hip arthroplasty, revision arthroplasty.
Terrible Triad of the Elbow with Ipsilateral Complete Triceps Tearing, Distal Radius and Scaphoid Waist Fracture: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine- Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,, Zandi Reza , Bglari Farsad ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,, Rad Saber Barazandeh ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,, Karami Amin ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,, Sadighi Mehrdad ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,, Kafiabadi Meisam Jafari ,   2] Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, [3] Physiotherapy Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The terrible triad of the elbow includes an elbow dislocation or subluxation with coronoid and in combination with radial head fractures. Still, none of them are accompanied by rupture of the triceps tendon. Case Report: The article describes a terrible triad injury in a young patient with an additional triceps rupture. The treatment involved lateral and medial approaches for the repair of various ligaments and fractures, but the elbow remained unstable. A posterior approach was used to repair the triceps rupture. Conclusion: Triceps tendon rupture may be accompanied by dribble triad injuries, highlighting the importance of pre-operative evaluation to select the most appropriate surgical approach. The selection of an optimal surgical approach is crucial for the successful treatment and management of these injuries. Keywords: Elbow, terrible triad, fracture, dislocation, triceps tendon, tear.
Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention for a Rare Serratia marcescens Infection after Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan,, Furuichi Shuro , Namba Yoshifumi ,   Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan,, Sugimoto Yoshihisa ,   Department of Traumatology and Spine Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan,, Oishi Tomohiro ,   Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan., Mitani Shigeru ,   Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan,
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Recently, Serratia marcescens was reported to cause nosocomial infections. Case Report: In this study, we report a case of S. marcescens infection occurring after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in a 72-year-old woman. The patient had undergone TKA for knee osteoarthritis. She had a past medical history of diabetes mellitus, for which she was receiving cefazolin sodium. Six days after surgery, redness and effusion were observed in the wound, and post-operative infection was suspected. Thus, the patient was treated with linezolid, clindamycin, and tazobactam/piperacillin hydrate post-operatively. Twelve days after TKA, reinfection was suspected; hence, washing and debridement were repeated. Conclusion: In this case, remission of S. marcescens infection was achieved without the need to remove the implant by cleaning, debridement, and the use of sensitive antimicrobial agents. Keywords: Total knee arthroplasty, Serratia infection, antibiotics, debridement, implant retention.
Concomitant Cement Spacer and Peri-spacer Fractures Seven Years After First-stage Revision Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore,, Chan Li Yi Tammy , Yuen Wen Loong Paul ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changi General Hospital, Singapore., Raghuraman Raghavan ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changi General Hospital, Singapore.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) remain an undesirable complication after total knee arthroplasties. Two-stage revision arthroplasty is the current standard of care for treating PJIs. However, the incidence of spacer retention for prolonged periods is increasing, with little known about its potential complications. Case Report: We present a case of a 64-year-old female of Southeast Asian descent who had a cement spacer maintained in-situ for 7 years due to poor patient compliance with subsequent follow-up. Conclusion: While patients have satisfactory functional outcomes with the cement spacer, it is not meant for permanent weight bearing. Two-stage revision arthroplasties are only as effective as patients’ compliance with subsequent follow-up and surgery. Clinicians must discourage patients from forgoing subsequent follow-up visits and surgery despite satisfactory function and quality of life with the cement spacer in situ to prevent complications related to prolonged retention of cement spacers. Keywords: Total knee replacement, complications, implant retention, implant failure, bone loss.
Vascular Malformation Involving the Brachial Plexus: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors:   Undergraduate Division, Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research, Surat, Gujarat, India,, Shah Aatam Vitrag , Mangrola Jeel Vijaybhai ,   Undergraduate Division, Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research, Surat, Gujarat, India,, Vora Harit Chandresh ,   Department of General Surgery, Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research, Surat, Gujarat, India,, Shah Vitrag Dhansukh ,   Department of Surgery and Plastic Surgery, Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research, Surat, Gujarat, India., Shah Aagam Vitrag ,   Undergraduate Division, Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research, Surat, Gujarat, India,
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Vascular anomalies, comprising up to 4.5% of the general population, are aberrations occurring during vascular development. Vascular abnormalities are frequently identified in children and frequently exhibit characteristics similar to nerve sheath tumors. We report a case of 16 years old boy with a arterio-venous malformation (AVM) affecting the brachial plexus. We discuss the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and histopathological findings in this patient and review the relevant literature. Case Report: A 16-year-old boy presented with pain, paresthesia, swelling, and reduced grip strength of the hand. Radiological investigations revealed a vascular lesion encasing C5, C6 nerve roots and displacing the C7 root. Near total surgical excision of the lesion was done with preservation of nerve. Histopathology confirmed AVM with distinct features. Conclusion: High-resolution ultrasound is crucial for diagnosing soft-tissue vascular anomalies. Surgeons well versed in micro surgical skill play a key role in minimizing neural deficits. In the case of vascular malformations of brachial plexus, near total excision is the most favorable option. Keywords: Vascular anomalies, arterio-venous malformation, brachial plexus.
Under the "Best Possible Protection"? Violence and Medical Care in British Warships and Hospital Ships During the Second World War
Authors: Houghton Frances
Published: April 2024

Abstract: In 1940 the British state formally protested to the German government about a recent string of attacks violating the neutrality of hospital ships. Ensuing arguments in Britain about effective ways of preserving hospital ship safety from acts of enemy violence also broadened out to include discussions of how to ensure the 'best possible protection' of medical staff serving in British warships during the Second World War. Examining the sea as a significant yet neglected humanitarian space in scholarship of the international laws of war, this article critically assesses how wartime British political, martial and medical cultures conceptualised, guarded, and manipulated medical neutrality afloat. As this article demonstrates, enemy attacks on British maritime medical care fed usefully into state production of 'reassurance' propaganda which positioned Britain as inherently more compliant with the laws of war than Axis nations. Ultimately, this article establishes that official establishment discussions about safeguarding medical neutrality in Britain's Second World War at sea played an important role in wider processes of national self-fashioning and debates about what it meant to be 'British' in wartime.
Attacks Against Military Doctors in the French Overseas Cooperation: A Predicament of State Humanitarianism in the 1970s
Authors: Pouget Benoît
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This study of French military medical cooperation missions argues that the violence often experienced by French doctors in conflict zones in the 1970s was mainly the result of their vulnerable position as both military personnel and "humanitarian" provider. They enjoy little or no protection under the principle of medical neutrality and are caught up in a duel of loyalties arising from their dual status as doctors and soldiers. More broadly, this article contributes to understand the progressive rise of AoH before the 'paradigm shift' in the mid 2000-2010s. It describes the isolation and difficulties healthcare workers faced in the 1970s in seeking the protections afforded by the Geneva and the Hague Conventions.
Research on Digital Application of the Bronze Carriage in Emperor Qinshihuang's Mausoleum Site Museum: Development of an Immersive Virtual Assembly System
Authors: Han Dong , Gao Xuetong , Dong Haowen , Zhao Kun
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This paper discusses the design and development of an immersive virtual reality assembly system for the bronze carriage unearthed in Emperor Qinshihuang's Mausoleum Site Museum. First, it was necessary to obtain high-precision 3D data and texture mapping of cultural relics, which solved challenges in the process of data collection and processing. Then, the authors analyzed the structure of the bronze carriage and the requirements of the virtual assembly system. Finally, the authors described the design and development process of the system in detail. By considering the problems faced by human-computer interaction in the virtual environment, the system used HTC Pro VR helmet and the Unity3D engine. Therefore, it has the advantages of high simulation, good usability, and positive user experiences. The system provides researchers with a close virtual contact, which is of great significance for understanding the structure of the bronze carriage. This is an important practical work for the acquisition, processing, and application of high-precision 3D data of high-complexity and large-scale cultural relics. In addition, the digital data collected by the cultural relics play a key role in the protection, utilization, and dissemination of cultural heritage and can provide important support for multiple application fields and even the construction of intelligent museums.
Light consistency correction for the liquid crystal tunable filter hyperspectral imaging system
Authors: Zhang Jianxin , Zhang Yupeng , Qian Miao , Zhang Xinen
Published: April 2024

In hyperspectral images, every pixel encompasses continuous spectral information. Compared with traditional colorimeters, using hyperspectral imaging systems (HIS) for fabric color measurement can result in obtaining richer color information. However, measuring fabric colors with liquid crystal tunable filter HIS can lead to challenges related to light consistency. In this paper, we adopted an innovative approach, integrating gradient boosted decision trees with a sliding window algorithm to develop a uniformity calibration model addressing the illumination uniformity issue. To address the consistency issues across various light sources, we further adopted a deep neural network (DNN) model to correct the reflectance measurements under different light sources. Subsequently, this model was merged with the uniformity calibration model to form a light-consistency correction model. Through calibration, we successfully reduced the color difference of the corrected samples from 3.636 to 0.854, an enhancement of 76.51%. This means that after calibration we can achieve consistency in fabric color measurements under nonuniform lighting and different light sources.
Effect of spin-orbit coupling and impurities on the optical properties of double quantum rings under magnetic fields
Authors: Shao Xiongkang , Wang Jiashen , Wu Chunling , Guo Kangxian
Published: April 2024

In this paper, the energy spectrum of concentric double quantum rings (CDQRs) with double well confinement under the influence of spin-orbit interactions (SOIs), magnetic fields, and hydrogen donor impurities is studied by using diagonalization. The light absorption coefficient is then calculated in the form of a compactness density-matrix. Key findings from this study include the ability to manipulate fine energy level splitting and optical absorption coefficients by tuning the magnetic field, impurity position, spin-orbit coupling, and inner rings size. Furthermore, this study reveals the bleaching effect of the optical absorption coefficient under certain conditions and demonstrates the anisotropic nature of the system through changes in the optical absorption coefficients (OACs) for different incident light polarization angles.
Aluminum scandium nitride on 8-inch Si wafers: material characterization and photonic device demonstration
Authors: Xiong Zixin , Zhang Xiangchao , Li Zhenyu , Liu Xiaofei , Qiu Yang , Zhao Xingyan , Zheng Shaonan , Zhong Qize , Dong Yuan , Hu Ting
Published: April 2024

The anisotropic optical properties of aluminum scandium nitride (Al1−xSc
x
N) thin films for both ordinary and extraordinary light are investigated. A quantitative analysis of the band structures of the wurtzite Al1−xSc
x
N is carried out. In addition, Al1−xSc
x
N photonic waveguides and bends are fabricated on 8-inch Si substrates. With x = 0.087 and 0.181, the light propagation losses are 5.98 ± 0.11 dB/cm and 8.23 ± 0.39 dB/cm, and the 90° bending losses are 0.05 dB/turn and 0.08 dB/turn at 1550 nm wavelength, respectively.
Mapping-based design method for high-quality integral projection system
Authors: Dai Xilong , Shan Yuefan , Wang Da , Yang Tong , Cheng Dewen , Wang Yongtian
Published: April 2024

A general method for designing an integral projection system is proposed, including optical design and digital preprocessing based on the mapping within the projection system. The per-pixel mapping between the sub-images and the integral projection image is generated by incorporating an integral projection imaging model as well as the ray data of all sub-channels. By tracing rays for sparsely sampled field points of the central sub-channel and constructing the mapping between the central sub-channel and other sub-channels, the efficient acquisition of ray data for all sub-channels is achieved. The sub-image preprocessing pipeline is presented to effectively address issues such as overlapping misalignment, optical aberrations, inhomogeneous illumination, and their collective contribution. An integral projection optical system with a field of view (FOV) of 80°, an F-number of 2, and uniform image performance is given as a design example. The ray tracing simulation results and quantitative analysis demonstrate that the proposed system yields distortion-free, uniformly illuminated, and high-quality integral projection images.
Strong nonlinear optical limiting of resin composed by carbon nanotubes
Authors: Dong Biao , Lu Yuangang , Huang Jian , Liu Yang , He Chongjun
Published: April 2024

The development of solid-state nonlinear optical limiting (NOL) materials is crucial for advancing the practicality in the field of optical limiting. In this paper, we innovatively prepare a new solid NOL material which is spiral carbon nanotubes doped epoxy resin (SCNTs-doped ER, SER) with a simple physical mixing method, and achieve an excellent nonlinear optical limiting performance. We experimentally measured optical limiting of SER with different SCNTs concentrations (0.14, 0.28, and 0.43 mg/mL) and obtained the nonlinear absorption coefficient, nonlinear refractive index, and third-order nonlinear susceptibility at the wavelength 1064 nm. Z-scan experiment results show that the SER exhibits a large nonlinear absorption coefficient (5.07 ± 0.38) × 10−9 m/W. We also measure the transmittance of the SER to evaluate its nonlinear optical limiting performance. For the SER with 0.43 mg/mL concentration, the linear transmittance and minimum transmittance with NOL effects at 1064 nm are 54.8% and 26.2%, respectively. In addition, the SER also has prominent features such as a high damage threshold and easy fabrication, indicating that the SER is a promising solid material for nonlinear optical limiting.
Photonic implementation of the input and reservoir layers for a reservoir computing system based on a single VCSEL with two Mach-Zehnder modulators
Authors: Guo Xingxing , Zhou Hanxu , Xiang Shuiying , Yu Qian , Zhang Yahui , Han Yanan , Hao Yue
Published: April 2024

Hardware implementation of reservoir computing (RC), which could reduce the power consumption of machine learning and significantly enhance data processing speed, holds the potential to develop the next generation of machine learning hardware devices and chips. Due to the existing solution only implementing reservoir layers, the information processing speed of photonics RC system are limited. In this paper, a photonic implementation of a VMM-RC system based on single Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) with two Mach Zehnder modulators (MZMs) has been proposed. Unlike previous work, both the input and reservoir layers are realized in the optical domain. Additionally, the impact of various mask signals, such as Two-level mask, Six-level mask, and chaos mask signal, employed in system, has been investigated. The system's performance improves with the use of more complex mask(t). The minimum Normalized mean square error (NMSE) can reach 0.0020 (0.0456) for Santa-Fe chaotic time series prediction in simulation (experiment), while the minimum Word Error Rate (WER) can 0.0677 for handwritten digits recognition numerically. The VMM-RC proposed is instrumental in advancing the development of photonic RC by overcoming the long-standing limitations of photonic RC systems in reservoir implementation. Linear matrix computing units (the input layer) and nonlinear computing units (the reservoir layer) are simultaneously implemented in the optical domain, significantly enhancing the information processing speed of photonic RC systems.