bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Power Generation from Footsteps by Using Piezoelectric Sensor
Authors: Kolhatkar Swati , Kalambe Samir , Khan Mumtaz , Borkar Vaishnavi , Kirnapure Sanket , Sapate Virag
Published: April 2024

Day by day the use of electricity has been increasing, hence it is necessary to generate electricity using a nonconventional system for conserving natural resources. Here we propose an advanced power generation system using footsteps. The system consists of piezoelectric sensors, Arduino UNO, LCD Display, PIC microcontroller, voltage boosters, battery, LDR and a socket for mobile charging. When the footstep pressure is applied on the piezoelectric sensor, it generates voltage, which in further generates electrical power. The sensors are placed in such an arrangement so as to generate maximum output of voltage. This is then provided to our monitoring circuit. By using this system, maximum voltage obtained is 22 Volt per step and minimum 1 Volt per step. By observing the footsteps at railway station, the power generated by piezoelectric sensor in 24 hours is approx. 78.4Volts.
Ethnic Differences in the Prevalence of Compulsive and Histrionic Traits among Pilots in the UAE: A Comparative Study
Authors: Muhammad Nawaz Saima , Nawaz Nuzhat
Published: April 2024

This study aims to examine the prevalence rates of compulsive and histrionic characteristics among pilots from diverse demographic backgrounds such as South Asian, Middle Eastern, and Western pilots. The research aims to identify differences in personality traits and explore potential correlations within each ethnic group of commercial pilots. The data was provided by sixty pilots, equally representing three different ethnic groups, with twenty participants in each demographic. To collect the data, the researchers used a measuring tool designed to reveal signs of mental disorders, known as the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI). According to ANOVA results, there is a notable difference in prevalence rates for compulsive and histrionic traits among the three different ethnic groups (F (2,87) = 4.76, p =0.00057). Overall, the results showed that South Asian pilots had more compulsive traits than Middle Eastern and Western pilots. On the other hand, Middle Eastern pilots were found to have a higher occurrence of histrionic traits compared to their counterparts from South Asia and Westen pilots. The correlation analysis confirmed that there was a substantial link between histrionic and compulsive traits (r = 0.51, p < 0.05). A similar trend was seen for Middle Eastern pilots, where a weakly positive link (r = 0.24, p < 0.05) was visible. On the other hand, the Western pilots showed a weak, inverse correlation between compulsive and histrionic characteristics (r = - 0.14, p<00), displaying unique profiles within this group in terms of their mutual interaction. These results offer a profound understanding of the relationship between ethnicity and personality traits in pilots.
An In-Depth Examination of Blockchain Integration in Supply Chain Optimization, along with Future Directions
Authors: Ahmed S M Sohel , Husain Shuhag , Shadab Shah Sharar
Published: April 2024

The potential of Decentralized Ledger Technology in Supply Chain Management has drawn more and more attention in recent years. This study explores how blockchain technology might improve supply chain operations' efficiency, security, traceability, and transparency. This study clarifies the various advantages that blockchain provides to supply chain stakeholders through qualitative research incorporating in-depth interviews (both in-person and via video conference) with 15 participants. The results highlight how blockchain technology has the power to transform established supply chain procedures, cut expenses, stop fraud, and guarantee that moral principles are followed.
Local Inhabitants’ Opinion of Timber Logging on Livelihoods: The Case of Yabassi Sub-Division in Nkam Division of Cameroon
Authors: Johanes Ojong Etengeneng
Published: April 2024

The local community of Yabassi Sub-Division abound the forest. The forest of Yabassi Sub-Division is vast and rich with biodiversity of varied species. The local inhabitants adjoin the forest and depend on it for livelihoods. The main objective of this study is to assess the opinion of local inhabitants of timber logging on their livelihoods in Yabassi Sub-Division in Nkam Division of Cameroon. The primary data for this study was obtained through the administration of 300 questionnaires in 4 villages in Yabassi Sub-Division such as Sollé, Dimbong, Ndjanga and Nkokom. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. The quantitative technique of analysis was used in this study with the descriptive statistics that included frequency tables and percentage. The findings reveal that the forest of Yabassi Sub-Division has encountered timber logging activities that determine livelihoods. The findings also reveal that the forest is relevant to livelihoods especially the non-timber forest products that is important to the livelihoods of the local inhabitants. The study recommends that the timber logging companies and other stakeholders should implementation and follow-up corporate social responsibility. Timber logging companies should ensure the well-being of the local inhabitants by promoting sustainable forest management during timber logging and reforestation after timber logging.
Effectiveness of Reducing Turbidity Levels of Tofu Industry Wastewater with Alum Coagulant
Authors: Wulan Djari Findia , Asyfiradayati Rezania
Published: April 2024

Tofu industry liquid waste is one of the pollutants that can pollute the environment, especially can cause turbidity in rivers, lakes, and other waters. One of the countermeasures is to treat the liquid waste by giving alum coagulant. The purpose of this study was to measure the turbidity level of tofu industry wastewater before and after the application of alum coagulant and calculate the effectiveness or optimal dose/concentration of alum coagulant. This research is a type of quantitative research with a quasi-experimental research design. The research was conducted at the Public Health Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta in January 2024. The data analysis technique used was quantitative to determine the effectiveness of alum coagulant, the test used was anova test. The results of this study indicate that the level of turbidity in the liquid waste of the tofu industry after the coagulation process using alum is at a concentration of 2 ml which produces a decrease in turbidity levels of 22.93%, a concentration of 4 ml produces a decrease in turbidity levels of 26.24%, a concentration of 6 ml produces a decrease in turbidity levels of 29.08%, and a concentration of 8 ml produces a decrease in turbidity levels of 36.41%, so that the optimum dose / concentration of alum coagulant is 8 ml because it has the best effectiveness value in reducing turbidity levels in the liquid waste of the tofu industry.
Efficacy of Prophylactic Intravenous Tranexamic Acid in Preventing Postpartum Haemorrhage in Parturients with Risk Factors: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Damilola Akinlua Gbenga , Pius Ade-Ojo Idowu , Olumuyiwa Awoleke Jacob , Benedict Adeyanju Tolulope , Julius Oluleye Toyin , Oluwole Ayegbusi Ekundayo , Gbenga Oluwayomi Samson , Adeoti Akinlua Omoyemi , Adefiola Oluwayemi Margaret , Peter Animasahun Kehinde
Published: April 2024

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of prophylactic intravenous Tranexamic acid (TXA) dosages of 0.5g and 1.0g in the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) among parturient with risk factors. The research followed a randomized, double-blind, controlled experimental design, spanning nine months. Simple random sampling was used to select 154 participants to each arm. The research objectives encompassed comparing labour outcomes of the two groups and measuring blood loss via pre and post-delivery packed cell volume. Statistical analysis employed Student's t-test. Result revealed a slight non-significant difference in PCV change between 0.5g and 1.0g TXA group. The study also found that the risk of developing primary PPH when using 0.5g TXA was approximately twice the risk when using 1.0g TXA. These findings suggest that the prophylactic use of 1.0g TXA may be more effective in preventing PPH compared to 0.5g TXA. Further research is warranted to validate these results and refine recommendations for clinical practice.
Interest of Secondary School Students Towards Stem Education in Delhi Region
Authors: Kumari Preveen
Published: April 2024

STEM education is essential for developing students' critical thinking, creativity, and problem- solving abilities. This helps to develop future leaders and boosts the economy. However, increasing engagement and participation in STEM disciplines requires an awareness of the elements that influence secondary school students' interest in STEM subjects. The interest of Delhi region secondary school pupils in STEM education is examined in this study work. Its goal is to incorporate science, technology, engineering, and math into the curriculum of children in order to improve their cognitive abilities and encourage them to seek solutions to problems in the real world. In field education, STEM is an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach. However, understanding students' interest in STEM subjects is crucial for fostering engagement and promoting excellence in these areas It investigates numerous elements that affect students' interest in STEM disciplines, including curriculum design, teaching strategies, social perspectives, and extracurricular activities, using surveys and interviews. The results offer significant perspectives for educators, policymakers, and stakeholders to formulate efficacious approaches for endorsing STEM education and cultivating a workforce prepared for the future in the Delhi region.
Leveraging Data Science and Machine Learning for Enhanced Retail Operations
Authors: Karande Shankar , Kolpe Sainath , Korbad Gayatri , Komatwar Onkar , Adki Radhika
Published: April 2024

In today’s business environment, the combination of advanced technology and data-driven insights has revolutionized key aspects of operational efficiency and strategic decision- making. This abstract summarizes the essence of four critical areas in this context: demand forecasting using machine learning methods, inventory management systems, location-based data analytics, and market sales prediction using machine learning. These domains play a key role in shaping the success of businesses by enabling them to proactively respond to market trends, increase customer satisfaction, optimize supply chains and make informed decisions. This paper offers an extensive perspective on these domains and highlights their importance in driving business value, competitiveness and adaptability in today’s fast-changing markets.
Design of Hand Gesture Control Wheel Chair
Authors: Danquah-Amoah Archibald , Govindan Kannan
Published: April 2024

This study designated a wheelchair which can be meticulous using the user hand gesture. The purpose of this research was to come up with a hand gesture powered wheelchair system intended to provide assistance with the use of hand directions, which would allow users to travel efficiently and with greater ease. The system is made up of various electronics components such as the microcontroller, accelerometer, Bluetooth model, ultrasonic sensor, motor driver, among others. The microcontroller is programmed. The transmitter circuit board is made up of accelerometer sensor like ADSL335 which is able to sense three parameters. The microcontroller forms the main part or the brain of the system, and performs most of the functions. The microcontroller sends the readings sensed by the hand to the Bluetooth transmitter. The ultrasonic sensor detected obstacles, also sent the distance measured to the microcontroller. The microcontroller processed the information to the motor driver. The motor driver then powered the motors to either move forward or backward. It was observed that when the system was activated, the movement of the Wheelchair immediately start to follow the orientation of the user’s hand. The wheelchair was able to be perform five (5) different gestures. The gesture follows the range that had been set. However, this range depends on the position of the accelerometer.
The Predictive Value of Preoperative Inflammatory Markers / Lymphocyte Ratios for Endometrial Cancer; What does the eosinophil to lymphocyte ratio means for survival?
Authors: Kolsuz Zafer , Gulbahar Aysegul , Yılmaz Alpay , Özsöz Kolsuz Ezgi , Aydoğmuş Serpil
Published: April 2024

Aim:
In various solid tumors, cancer-associated inflammation is associated with adverse long-term outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and other systemic inflammatory markers on lymph node metastasis and 5-year survival in endometrial cancer.
Materials and Method:
A total of 379 female patients at the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of the University Hospital with a final postoperative pathology of endometrial cancer were included in the 5-year survival study. The preoperative total neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil, and platelet counts were divided by the lymphocyte count to obtain the NLR, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (ELR), and PLR values. All patients underwent bilateral pelvic paraaortic lymph node dissection and omentectomy in addition to total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (TAH + BSO). The pathology lab at our university evaluated all cytology and postoperative specimens. The staging system used was the FIGO 2009 surgical staging system.
Results:
The results of our study showed significant correlations between lymph node metastasis and NLR, eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (ELR), and PLR. Only a significant correlation between ELR and survival was discovered when the relationship with 5-year survival was examined. Aditionally significant correlations existed between NLR and cervical stromal involvement, cytology positivity, and stage.
Conclusion:
The prognostic factors for lymph node metastasis are NLR, PLR, and ELR. Only ELR is predictive of 5-year survival, but more prospective studies on ELR survival prediction are needed.
Equação do Calor Bidimensional com Condições de Contorno de Neumann: soluções analítica e numérica
Authors: Wrzecionek de Brito Leandro , Galina Vanderlei , Cargnelutti Jocelaine
Published: April 2024

Neste artigo, abordou-se a equação do calor bidimensional com condições de contorno de Neumann, a qual descreve a difusão do calor ao longo de um sólido. Esta equação tem grande importância em projetos que envolvem sistemas térmicos. Fez-se a dedução algébrica da equação, e então, foram obtidas as soluções analítica e numérica. A solução analítica foi obtida pelo método da separação de variáveis. Por outro lado, para obter a solução numérica, aplicou-se o Método das Diferenças Finitas, que foi utilizado inicialmente por Leonhard Euler (1707 – 1783) e é largamente utilizado em simulações numéricas. Os resultados alcançados, tanto numérico quanto analítico, foram implementados por meio da linguagem de programação Python. Por fim, faz-se a análise da solução por meio de gráficos 2D e avaliação do erro relativo. Conclui-se que a solução numérica é uma boa aproximação para a solução analítica.
La pensée de Jean-Louis Le Moigne : entre anecdotes et paraboles
Authors: Dherment-Férère Isabelle
Published: April 2024

L’objectif de cet article n’est pas de synthétiser les travaux de Jean-Louis Le Moigne, au combien riches et nombreux, mais plutôt d’illustrer sa pensée au travers des anecdotes, paraboles, mais aussi des exemples, histoires (voire galéjades) qu’il a racontées à l’oral ou dans ses écrits. Certaines sont de lui, d’autres proviennent des auteurs ayant fortement influencé sa pensée : Morin, Simon, mais aussi Piaget, Prigogine, en passant par Socrate, Platon et enfin Descartes dont il prend le contrepied. Il s’agit donc de faire ressortir l’homme avant les travaux : son esprit vif et indépendant, voire rebelle, mais aussi son grand sens de l’humour. L’article se base sur un long entretien de Jean-Louis Le Moigne découpé en cinq vidéos mises en ligne par le MOOC ORA 1 en février 2019. La structure de l’article reprend un à un les thèmes abordés dans chaque vidéo. Les numéros des extraits mentionnés entre parenthèses renvoient à un lien permettant au lecteur d’écouter l’extrait original ou de lire lorsqu’il n’est pas dans le corps du texte. En conclusion, nous rapporterons quelques réflexions de Pierre Batteau 2 qui a bien connu Jean-Louis Le Moigne car ils ont partagé le même bureau à l’IAE d’Aix-en-Provence dans les années soixante-dix.
Jean-Louis Le Moigneet le Paradigme d’Auto-éco-ré-organisation ou d’auto-organisation éco-systémique : Naviguer dans la Complexité Managériale
Authors: Gerbaix Sylvie , Michel Sylvie
Published: April 2024

Pour J-L Le Moigne, le concept d’auto-éco-réorganisation et la conception de l’organisation qui le sous-tend introduisent un renouveau, une nouvelle perspective voire un changement de paradigme pour penser les systèmes complexes que sont les systèmes ou organismes sociaux tels que les entreprises, municipalités, hôpitaux etc.. Pour J-L Le Moigne, ce concept d’auto-éco-ré-organisation prolonge la réémergence du concept d’organisation à l’initiative notamment de H.A. Simon et surtout E. Morin. Cet article vise tout d’abord à dépeindre ce paradigme de l’organisation auto-eco-ré-organisatrice, selon J-L Le Moigne avec ses dimensions d’autonomie, de relation synchronique à l’environnement (éco-organisation), dans un processus diachronique récursif. Puis l’apport de ce concept est exploré au travers des auteurs qui l’ont mobilisé dans le domaine du management en termes d’adaptabilité, de changement et en termes d’innovation.
Jean-Louis Le Moigne : le bonheur d’explorer
Authors: Lorino Philippe
Published: April 2024

Enthousiasme et exigence intellectuelle et morale permettaient à Jean-Louis Le Moigne de toujours refuser les idées reçues et le confort du conformisme, pour leur préférer la recherche d’instruments de débat et d’une compréhension qui restait toujours inachevée : inachevée, heureusement, car cela lui permettait de toujours reprendre le travail d’exploration dans lequel il s’épanouissait.
La dialogique généralisée, fondement de la stratégie
Authors: Martinet Alain Charles
Published: April 2024

Appuyé sur plusieurs décennies de recherches-interventions dans de grandes entreprises et de travail conceptuel, cet article érige la dialogique en principe fondamental de la stratégie en situation complexe, en pratique comme en théorie. Il formule six propositions génériques articulées en paradigme de la stratégie comme évolution guidée.
L’agilité organisationnelle au prisme de la pensée complexe
Authors: Mériade Laurent , Sales Jean Marc
Published: April 2024

L’agilité organisationnelle est définie comme l’aptitude d’une organisation à détecter les changements dans son environnement et réagir rapidement en assemblant de manière flexible ses ressources, processus, connaissances et capacités. Elle implique de contrôler et de répondre aux changements rapides et porteurs d’incertitude des environnements complexes. Dès lors, la pensée complexe, telle qu’elle est décrite par Jean-Louis Le Moigne, semble participer assez largement à la construction de cette agilité organisationnelle. Or, assez paradoxalement, peu de travaux ont tenté de rapprocher ces deux concepts. Dans cet article, nous essayons de déterminer de quelles manières il est possible de relier la construction et le développement de l’agilité des organisations et la pensée complexe. À la lecture des travaux de Jean-Louis Le Moigne, nous proposons un cadre d’analyse des dimensions réflexives de l’agilité organisationnelle ainsi qu’une description de leurs principales caractéristiques.
La richesse didactique de la critique des quatre préceptes de la méthode de Descartes par Jean-Louis Le Moigne
Authors: Rodhain Florence
Published: April 2024

Dans son œuvre majeure « La théorie du système général », Jean-Louis Le Moigne (JLLM) présente et critique les 4 préceptes de la méthode de Descartes, auxquels il oppose 4 nouveaux préceptes. À la méthode de la science classique occidentale héritée de Descartes, il souhaite opposer une nouvelle méthode fondée sur ses nouveaux préceptes : il formalise ainsi, comme il l’énonce lui-même, le « contraire complémentaire » à la proposition de Descartes. Cette critique de JLLM apparaît particulièrement didactique et féconde lorsqu’on l’utilise auprès d’un public étudiant et qu’on leur propose d’utiliser les préceptes de JLLM pour les appliquer à la modélisation des problèmes contemporains. Dans cet article, sont présentés les 4 préceptes de Descartes, la critique qu’en fait JLLM, les 4 nouveaux préceptes qu’il lui oppose, puis l’application à un cas, celui de l’analyse des besoins en informations. Enfin, en guise de conclusion et d’ouverture, est présentée la « critique de la critique » de Descartes par JLLM, avec l’idée de réhabiliter l’esprit de relativisme et d’humilité dont a fait preuve Descartes dans sa quête.
Examining Student Preparation for Advancing Care in a Diverse Society
Authors: Ndiwane Abraham , Truong Kimberly , Young Indigo , Kariuki Ashley , Shah Selam
Published: April 2024

Background:

Although many nursing programs include health equity in their curriculum, research investigating the efficacy of such curricula often is lacking.

Method:

Using criterion sampling, school of nursing alumni who could speak about their graduate preparation and current experiences working with diverse patient populations were recruited for this study. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 22 alumni regarding their curricular, clinical, and co-curricular experiences as graduate students to better understand the strengths and gaps in their preparation as health professionals.

Results:

Four major themes emerged from the analysis of interview transcripts (
n
= 22). These themes included: (1) diversity and representation; (2) implicit bias and microaggressions; (3) skills and knowledge areas; and (4) supplemental learning through co-curricular experiences.

Conclusion:

Implications for policy, curriculum innovation, and clinical practice can better prepare students to advance care for a diverse society.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(4):228–232.]
Creating Structures to Support Quality Matters Certification Within a School of Nursing
Authors: Noone Joanne , McKenzie Glenise , Hatfield Lisa , Bean Karen , Speidel Zoe , Vidal Graciela
Published: April 2024

Background:

Best practices for online course design aim to improve teaching and learning by emphasizing the relationship between a course's learning outcomes and all other parts of the course, from assessments to technology to student interaction with peers and instructors. The transition and expanded opportunities to online or hybrid learning in nursing education demonstrate the need for quality online learning experiences.

Method:

A university initiative to ensure high quality remote courses focused on expanding Quality Matters (QM) certification of hybrid and online courses, which ensures that a course has been developed according to standards for online learning.

Results:

Currently, 20 courses within a school of nursing are QM certified with 4 more actively preparing for formal review this academic year.

Conclusion:

This experience can aid schools to develop faculty competencies in evidence-based, online navigation and course design, and systematically improve the online learning experiences for all students.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(4):205–211.]
Evolving Licensure Examination: Assessing Student Confidence and Accuracy With Next Generation NCLEX
Authors: Coombe Ashley Helvig , Wands LisaMarie , Stevenson Shannon , Elliott Rowena W.
Published: April 2024

Background:

The Next Generation NCLEX (NGN) includes new item types. Little is known about nursing students' confidence and accuracy in answering these questions.

Method:

A descriptive comparative study examined prelicensure nursing students' confidence and accuracy in answering NGN-style items versus multiple-choice questions (MCQs) of the same content via a 12-item quiz.

Results:

Less than one third of students (
n
= 194; 32.1%) reported feeling confident in answering NGN questions. Students' confidence levels had no relationship on scores with NGN items. When comparing NGN-style items to MCQs, students' (
n
= 221) scores on NGN-style items were lower with bowtie or a select-all-that-apply questions but higher with highlight table or matrix multiple-choice questions.

Conclusion:

Students' lack of confidence with certain item types suggests faculty should incorporate these item types into classroom activities or course assignments. NGN test-taking strategies also should be incorporated and frequently reinforced throughout the curriculum.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(4):252–255.]
Safety and Efficacy of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Feng , Wang Yanyan
Published: April 2024

Objective:

We aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) in the treatment of ischemic stroke.

Methods:

Six Chinese and English databases were searched for related randomized controlled trials from the establishment of the databases to 28 February 2023. Two investigators performed screening and a comprehensive analysis and evaluated the quality of the studies. They extracted information from the included studies, and managed and analzsed the data using RevMan 5.4.1 software (The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University). Finally, they performed meta and heterogeneity analyses and created a risk-of-bias map.

Results:

A total of 13 high-quality articles were included. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores of the experimental group differed significantly from those of the control group at 3 months (I
2 <50%, mean difference [MD] = −2.88, P < 0.001) after treatment. The Fugl–Meyer assessment (FMA) scores of the experimental group varied significantly from that of the control group at 1 month (I
2 >50%, MD = 15.94, P < 0.001), 3 months (I
2 >50%, MD = 12.71, P < 0.001), and 6 months (I
2 >50%, MD = 13.76, P < 0.001) after treatment, and the overall difference (I
2 >50%, MD = 14.38, P ≤ 0.001) was significant. The functional independence measure (FIM) scores were significantly different from that of the control group at 1 month (I
2 >50%, MD = 20.04, P = 0.02), 3 months (I
2 >50%, MD = 15.51, P < 0.001), and 6 months (I
2 >50%, MD = 13.46, P = 0.03). There was no significant increase in adverse events compared with the traditional treatment regimen.

Conclusion:

To some extent, BMMSC transplantation can improve the neurological deficit, motor function, and daily living ability of patients with ischemic stroke.
Post-pandemic boom: A surprise for ophthalmologists
Authors: Sarkar Avik Dey , Sarkar Sanchari , Sarkar Ajoy Dey , Thakur Sanjay K. Daulat
Published: April 2024

Aim:

To compare the statistical supremacy of patients undergoing cataract surgeries at a tertiary eye care center in the pre-COVID versus post-COVID period.

Methods:

A complete audit of patients attending our ophthalmology department and undergoing cataract surgery in a tertiary eye care center was compared between August 2019 to March 2020 (Group A) and August 2020 to March 2021 (Group B). All pertinent ophthalmological parameters were recorded in detail for comparison.

Results:

Average daily OPD attendance in Groups A and B were 146.7 and 111.2 (P= 0.004) respectively. However, the average monthly cataract surgery done in these two groups was 88.4 and 121.6 (P< 0.001), respectively. The cataract counseling to OT conversion rate was 47% in Group A, whereas that in Group B was 72%. Other eye cataract surgeries have increased from 21% to 39% in the post-COVID era. The emergency cataract surgery rate has also increased by 78%. There was a 66% increase in lens-induced glaucoma cases attending our institution. On comparing the outcome, there has been an increase in the percentage (13%) of aphakia due to an increased number of advanced and challenging cataracts.

Conclusion:

World economy has predicted that there will be a massive revolution in revenue generation in all fields of human resources in the post-pandemic era, coining the term “post-pandemic boom.” Similarly, in view of the prevailing uncertainties due to the COVID-19 situation, there has been a steep inclination to seek prompt medical and surgical care for cataracts among patients in ophthalmology.
Correlation of diurnal fluctuations in intraocular pressure and progression of chronic simple glaucoma
Authors: Sajid Noorjahan , Sen Priyangee , Mohd Shoeb , Ahuja Shrishti
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

To study the correlation between diurnal fluctuations of intraocular pressure and progression of chronic simple glaucoma.

Introduction:

Out of all the risk factors for glaucoma, only modifiable risk factor is intraocular pressure. A lot of studies have been done to determine the relationship between the behavior of diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) and progression of glaucoma. The results varied and are inconclusive because the visual field damage could have occurred at a time when the IOP was high, although it was low at the time of measurement.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective study was conducted on all patients diagnosed or suspected CSG with office IOP <25 mmHg. Measurement of diurnal fluctuation in IOP was done by taking 2 hourly IOP readings after admitting patients in hospital for 1 day.

Results:

The mean baseline diurnal fluctuation of our patients was 8.5 mmHg with values reaching as high as 13.6 mmHg in some patients. 28.8% of the patients of our study group showed progression at the end of 2-year follow-up. As the baseline diurnal fluctuation increased, the number of patients showing progression increased.
Bilateral abducens nerve palsy in scrub meningoencephalitis in a ten year child: A rarity
Authors: Raman Malarvizhi , Thiagarajan Latha , Anuradha A , Ravi Prashanth Peta
Published: April 2024

Scrub typhus is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi from the typhus fever group. Transmitted by chiggers (mite larvae) Leptobrombidium deliensis in India, when humans trespass mite islands, vectors are constantly fed with the bacilli by reservoirs (rodents and birds). It can also be transmitted transovarially and kept in a constant vicious cycle. The disease is often overlooked due to the non-specific clinical manifestations and lack of specific diagnostic facilities making it a challenge diagnostically and therapeutically. Disease manifestations range from fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, eschar to severe pneumonia and neuropsychiatric complications causing morbidity and mortality. Here we describe a case of a ten-year-old child with bilateral abducens nerve palsy caused by scrub meningoencephalitis, which completely resolved in eight weeks with doxycycline therapy.
A comparative study of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) showing presence and characteristics of intraretinal hyperreflective foci in patients of normolipemic xanthelasma palpebrarum as compared to healthy subjects
Authors: Pandey Ashish K. , Rout Aradhana , Gampa Pawan
Published: April 2024

Background and Objectives:

Hyperreflective foci (HRF) are a morphological sign of accumulation of lipid extravasation, proteinaceous material, and inflammatory cells in the layers of retina. The purpose of this study is to determine the presence, location, and characteristics of hyperreflective foci in the retina of normolipemic patients with xanthelasma palpebrarum.

Methods:

A total of 50 test subjects with xanthelasma were evaluated and compared with 50 control subjects. SD-OCT was performed in all patients passing through the center of fovea. On OCT, presence and absence of hyperreflective foci were noted. Following characteristics of the hyperreflective spots were evaluated and compared: location (inner retina or outer retina), shape, size, and back shadowing.

Results:

Hyperreflective foci were present in 87 out of 100 eyes of test subjects (87%) and none in control group (P-value < 0.001, significant). Shape of hyperreflective foci was predominantly round (54.2%), and location of hyperreflective foci was predominantly in outer nuclear and outer plexiform layer (30.1%). Back shadowing was present with frequency of 58 (80.6%).

Conclusion:

Hyperreflective foci are a great indicator for lipid extravasation and have been significantly associated with patients of xanthelasma having normal lipid levels. This signifies a defect in vascular integrity in patients of xanthelasma with normal lipid levels. Hence, these patients are at increased risk of atherosclerotic plaque formation and systemic complications.
Water Droplet Collison and Erosion on High-Speed Spinning
Wheels
Authors: Takács Richárd , Zsoldos Ibolya , Szentendrei Dániel
Published: April 2024

The water droplet erosion (WDE) on high-speed rotating wheels appears in several
engineering fields such as wind turbines, stationary steam turbines, fuel cell
turbines, and turbochargers. The main reasons for this phenomenon are the high
relative velocity difference between the colliding particles and the rotor, as
well as the presence of inadequate material structure and surface parameters.
One of the latest challenges in this area is the compressor wheels used in
turbochargers, which has a speed up to 300,000 rpm and have typically been made
of aluminum alloy for decades, to achieve the lowest possible rotor inertia.
However, while in the past this component was only encountered with filtered
air, nowadays, due to developments in compliance with tightening emission
standards, various fluids also collide with the spinning blades, which can cause
mechanical damage. One such fluid is the condensed water in the low-pressure
exhaust gas recirculation channel (LP-EGR) formulated at cold starts and
low-speed high load conditions. This kind of design has been developed to reduce
nitrogen oxide emissions and is used in both gasoline and diesel engines. This
article presents a state-of-the-art review of this WDE process, focusing on the
formation of the condensed water before the compressor wheel, summarizing the
influencing factors of WDE and the effects of the damage including using
component testbench experiences and simulation methodologies. Inspection
possibilities such as high-speed camera measurement and vibration analysis are
also an important part of the document.
Religious orientations on attitude toward a secular state: Case of Evangelical Lutheran Churches in north regions of Kazakhstan
Authors: Mazhiyev Gilimbek , Rashimbetov Rakhymzhan , Kairbekov Nurlan
Published: April 2024

The main objective of this study was to explore the connections between orientations (Quest, Intrinsic, and Extrinsic) and peoples' attitudes towards a secular state among members of the Evangelical Lutheran Churches in the northern regions of Kazakhstan. To achieve this, established scales were used to assess participants' perspectives on secularism and their religious orientations. The article analyses the opinion on the separation of church and state using measures of tendency. There were also calculated Pearson correlation coefficients to understand how religious beliefs interacted with views on governance. The findings indicated that there was an inclination towards
secularism among the participants. While some respondents valued the guidance provided by the Church in decisions, others preferred a separation between religious institutions and legislative affairs. However, when examining orientations, none showed a significant influence on attitudes towards a secular state. This highlights the relationship between religious beliefs and societal views on governance. Overall, this study emphasises that while religious orientation provides insights into beliefs, it does not solely determine attitudes towards secularism. It underscores that belief systems
are multifaceted and interact intricately with governance perspectives. Future research should focus on uncovering factors that influence these perspectives within and beyond the Evangelical Lutheran Church.
Abortion as an ethical-religious problem in Islam
Authors: Bertymuratov Yuldash , Mukanova Arna , Razdykova Gulnaz
Published: April 2024

The relevance of this article lies in the increasingly active public discussion among Muslims, the challenge posed by the induced termination of pregnancy by Muslims and the problems stemming from it. The increasing calls from Muslims to the spiritual authorities for clarification of this issue in various countries confirm this trend. However, a comprehensive understanding of Islamic attitudes towards induced abortion remains poorly understood. Islamic discourse permeates the entire socio- cultural facet of Muslim society. It is transforming and developing among the communities of modern
Muslim countries, matching the dynamics of changes in attitudes on the issue of induced termination of pregnancy from the early Middle Ages to the beginning of the ХХI century inclusive. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to describe and reveal the question about the use of abortion in the Islamic world. In the study specific “introductory” examples from the Muslim world are presented for disclosure given by those. In the course of this study, the topic of abortion as a social and medical
phenomenon was briefly studied and covered through the lens of terminology, social, medical, religious and legislative factors. The process of transforming Islamic religious ethics with regard to abortion is briefly outlined. In the sequence since the beginning of Islam and the development of this religious speech in the ХХI century, the prism of the views of the Sunni and Shiitic directions, as well as the 4 Sunni theological schools, in the context of solving the problem of abortion. Examples were provided of legislative solutions to the problem of induced termination of pregnancy in some Muslim
countries, Asia Minor, the Middle East, North Africa and Australia. The materials of this article contribute to the study of ethical and religious problems in Islam.
The Influence of Shakarim Kudaiberdiev’s Work on the Economic, Cultural, and Spiritual Development of Kazakhstan in the Late 19th Century and Early 20th Century
Authors: Smagulov Nurzhan , Issakhan Mukhan , Mukhitdinov Rashid , Zhamashev Azamat
Published: April 2024

The significance and relevance of the issues are predetermined by the fact, that, by the time of Shakarim Kudaiberdiev’s activity, the political and social situation of Kazakhstan in the early 20th century was on the verge of collapse. The main factor that influenced this situation was the policy of spreading illiteracy, people alienated from religion language, and writing. From the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Kazakhstan suffered from the colonial policies of the Russian Empire. Currently Kudaiberdiev writes a work “Catechism of Muslims”. The main purpose of the study is to analyze the consequences of the creative work on the economic and spiritual and cultural development of Kazakhstan. During the analysis, several scientific sources and materials were analyzed, and the following scientific methods were used: structural-functional and dialectical methods, the method of synthesis, logical and comparative analysis, and the method of generalization. During the research, it was proved that in the works of Shakarim Kudaiberdiev the calls to fight against the policy of tsarist Russia and to revive their language, customs, religion, and history were present. The main result of this research is proof that the works of Shakarim Kudaiberdiev had a tremendous impact on the social status, culture, religion, and language of the Kazakh people. His works acted in opposition to Russian policy and encouraged people who were tired of colonial oppression. The research on this issue is actively developed, therefore this work is of practical value for the definition of the role of Shakarim’s creativity during the economic, cultural, social, and political development of Kazakhstan at the end of 19 – the beginning of 20 century.
A Sociological study of the religious identity of young people in Central Asia and Europe (following the example of Kyrgyz Republic and the Republic of Poland)
Authors: Osmonova Dinara , Zhunushova Saikal , Kostuk Shirin , Bekboeva Alaigul , Alykulova Gulbu
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to determine the situation in the field of religious preferences of young people in the Kyrgyz Republic and the Republic of Poland by studying the specific features and dynamics of the development of traditional beliefs in the Central Asian and European regions. The main methods used in the preparation of the work were the system-analytical method and the statistical method. The characteristic features of different areas of religion in Asia, as well as the origins and root causes of the formation and development of religious trends in Kyrgyzstan, are studied. The key moments in the history of the transformation of the Kyrgyz society in the XVIII-XXI centuries are outlined in the context of the influence of this process on the emergence of specific signs of local religious trends. Different approaches and concepts to the study of the young generation of the Central Asian Republic and Poland are evaluated by considering the qualitative and quantitative results of a number of sociological surveys. The results and conclusions of this work can be used as a basis for the development and implementation of a number of political and social reforms with an emphasis on raising awareness of the issue among the younger generation of Kyrgyzstan.
Isbijab – a new centre for the development of Islamic law (XI-XII)
Authors: Ilesbekov Bizhan , Abylov Tungysh , Kerim Shamshadin , Mukhitdinov Rashid , Alpysbayev Yergali
Published: April 2024

The relevance of this article covers historical, religious, local and diplomatic factors, which reflect the importance of research and the multifaceted nature of Isbijab. The purpose is to study the Isbijab School of fiqh law in the Middle Ages in the context of Islamic law and the history of Kazakhstan. In this work, standard historiographical methods are used: historical-systemic method, historical-comparative method, method of historical periodization and others. The main result is to clarify the role of the fiqh school of Isbijab in the context of studying the history of Islamic law on the territory of modern Kazakhstan and in the region as a whole. The authors also found that Isbijab was one of the centres of Islamic studies and law not only in Kazakhstan but also in the
whole of Central Asia in the XI to XII centuries. It was the time when Isbijab developed its legal concept and school of fiqh, the Hanafi madhhab. This school of Islamic law introduced a new generation of legal scholars and their pupils, whose major works and academic degrees paved their way in the historiography. Their experience helped the researchers to study the manuscript works of medieval Isbijab jurists from a historical-legal and theological point of view. The paper shows the findings of an ongoing study of Isbijab legal practitioners in the framework of the "Mukhtasar al-Tahawi" book. Work has practical relevance not only in the context of Islamic studies and Islamic law but also in history, international relations, country knowledge and in other disciplines.
Legal regulation of confessional relations in Kazakhstan
Authors: Toilybekova Elmira , Zhusupbekova Madina , Zhumagulova Sholpan , Abubakirova Gulnur
Published: April 2024

Multinationalism and the presence of many different religious groups in the country can be causes of inter-ethnic and inter-confessional conflicts. A tool to help avoid them is the implementation of an effective legislative mechanism. The research aims to investigate the legal foundations of confessional relations in Kazakhstan, including constitutional norms, norms of laws and bylaws, and the provisions of international acts in the sphere of relations between the state and religion. The system of methods of scientific knowledge of different levels – from the most general methods to special methods of legal science – was used to implement the goal. The study, the model of state- confessional relations of the Republic of Kazakhstan, its basic principles, as well as the existing legal support of this model were analysed and conducted. The authors concluded that the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan regulating confessional relations partially corresponds to international normative legal instruments regulating freedom of religion. In addition, the study showed that the model of state-confessional relations in force in the Republic of Kazakhstan contributes to the observance of citizens’ rights to freedom of religion, the prevention of inter-confessional conflicts
among religious groups within the country, and the establishment of peace. The practical significance of the results makes it possible to assess the effectiveness of the current mechanism of legislative regulation of confessional relations and to identify the main problems and ways to resolve them.
Pengaruh pemberian isi rumen sapi terhadap kualitas fisik dan kimia UMB (Urea Molasses Block)
Authors: Hidayati Nurul , Riszqina Riszqina , Agustina Desi K.
Published: April 2024

Abstract 
Urea Molasses Block (UMB) is a supplement feed for ruminants, in solid form which is rich in nutrients. The contents of the rumen can potentially be used as an additional ingredient for the manufacture of supplements in ruminants. However, the quality of the rumen content supplements produced still needs to be studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional content of urea molasses blocks fed with bovine rumen contents at several concentrations and without bovine rumen contents. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments, namely P0: UMB without rumen content, P1: UMB + 10% rumen content, P2: UMB + 20% rumen content, and P3: UMB + 30% rumen content, respectively treatment there were 3 replications. Based on the results of statistical analysis, it can be concluded that the addition of cow's rumen content to Urea Molasses Block (UMB) at various concentrations can affect the physical and chemical qualities of UMB. The more addition of rumen contents as a mixture of Urea Molasses Block (UMB), the higher the crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat and water content but the lower the dry matter. The treatment with the best results was P3 (UMB + 30% rumen content) with a crude protein value of 12.11%, 18.87% crude fiber, 8.92% crude fat, and 67.78% dry matter.
Keywords: Feed for ruminan; Nutrient content; Urea molasses block
 
Abstrak 
Urea Molases Block (UMB) adalah pakan suplemen untuk ternak ruminansia, berbentuk padat yang kaya dengan zat-zat makanan. Isi rumen berpotensi dapat dijadikan bahan tambahan untuk pembuatan suplemen pada ternak ruminansia. Namun kualitas suplemen isi rumen yang dihasilkan masih perlu untuk dikaji. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk  mengetahui kandungan nutrisi urea molases blok yang diberi isi rumen sapipada beberapa konsentrasi dan tanpa isi rumen sapi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan yaitu P0: UMB tanpaisi rumen, P1: UMB + 10% isi rumen, P2: UMB + 20% isi rumen, dan P3: UMB + 30% isi rumen, masing –masing perlakuan terdapat 3 ulangan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan isi rumen sapi terhadap Urea Molasses Block (UMB) pada berbagai konsentrasi dapat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas fisik dan kualitas kimia UMB. Semakin banyak penambahan isi rumen sebagai bahan campuran Urea Molasses Block  (UMB) maka kandungan protein kasar, serat kasar, lemak kasar dan kadar air semakin tinggi tetapi bahan kering semakin rendah. Perlakuan yang memiliki hasil terbaik adalah P3 (UMB + 30% isi rumen) dengan nilai protein kasar 12,11%, serat kasar 18,87%, lemak kasar 8,92%, dan bahan kering 67,78%.
Kata kunci: Kandungan nutrisi; Pakan ruminansia; Urea molasses block