bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fat Mass and Obesity–Associated Protein Promotes Liver Steatosis By Targeting PPARα
Authors: Wei Xiaohui , Zhang Jielei , Tang Min , Wang Xuejiao , Fan Nengguang , Peng Yongde
Published: January 2022

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. The fat mass and obesity–associated protein (FTO) has been shown to be involved in obesity; however, its role in NAFLD and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Methods: FTO expression was first examined in the livers of patients with NAFLD and animal and cellular models of NAFLD using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Next, its role in lipid accumulation in hepatocytes was assessed both in vitro and in vivo via gene overexpression and knockdown studies. Results: FTO expression was increased in the livers of mice and humans with hepatic steatosis, probably due to its decreased ubiquitination. FTO overexpression in HepG2 cells induced triglyceride accumulation, whereas FTO knockdown exerted an opposing effect. Consistent with the findings of in vitro studies, adeno-associated viruses 8 (AAV8)-mediated FTO overexpression in the liver promoted hepatic steatosis in C57BL/6J mice. Mechanistically, FTO inhibited the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in hepatocytes. Activation of PPARα by the PPARα agonist GW7647 reversed lipid accumulation in hepatocytes induced by FTO overexpression.Conclusions: Overall, FTO expression is increased in NAFLD, and it promotes hepatic steatosis by targeting PPARα.
Pinolenic acid Mediated Anti-inflammatory and Immunometabolic Effects in Peripheral blood-derived Monocytes from patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis is Associated with Modulation of miRNA expression
Authors: Takala Rabaa , Ramji Dipak , Andrews Robert , Zhou You , Farhat Mustafa , Elmajee Mohammed , Rundle Shelley , Choy Ernest
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Pinolenic acid (PNLA), an omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid from pine nuts, has anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects. We aimed to investigate the actions of PNLA on activated purified monocytes from peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods: Flow cytometry was used to assess the intracellular expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-8 in purified monocytes from patients with RA after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation with/without PNLA pre-treatment. The whole genomic transcriptomic (WGT) profile of PNLA-treated, and LPS-activated monocytes from patients with active RA was investigated by RNA-sequencing.Results: PNLA reduced percentage of monocytes expressing the cytokines TNF-α by 23% (p=0.048), IL-6 by 25% (p=0.011), IL-1β by 23% (p=0.050) and IL-8 by 19% (p=0.066). Canonical pathway analysis showed that PNLA inhibited oxidative phosphorylation (p= 9.14E-09) and mitochondrial dysfunction (p=4.18E-08), while the sirtuin (SIRTs) signalling pathway was activated (p=8.89E-06). Pathway analysis predicted upstream activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), sirtuin3, and let7miRNA, which are anti-inflammatory and antioxidative. In contrast, DAP3, LIF and STAT3, which are involved in TNF-α, and IL-6 signal transduction, were inhibited. Many miRNAs were modulated by PNLA suggesting potential post-transcriptional regulation of metabolic and immune response that has not been described previously. Multiple miRNAs target pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 (PDK4), single-immunoglobulin interleukin-1 receptor-related molecule (SIGIRR), mitochondrially encoded ATP synthase membrane subunit 6 (MT-ATP6) and acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 2 (ACAA2); genes implicated in cell metabolism, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction.Conclusion: PNLA has anti-inflammatory and immune-metabolic effects on monocytes that are pathogenic in RA and atherosclerosis. Dietary PNLA supplementation may regulate key miRNAs that are involved in mitochondrial, metabolic, and inflammatory pathways.
Cell-Free Fat Extract Attenuate Osteoarthritis via Chondrocytes Regeneration and Macrophages Immunomodulation
Authors: jia zhuoxuan , Kang Bijun , Cai Yizuo , Chen Chingyu , Yu Zheyuan , Li Wei , Zhang Wenjie
Published: January 2022

Background: The prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) is increasing, yet clinically effective and economical treatments are unavailable. We have previously proposed a cell-free fat extract (CEFFE) containing multiple cytokines, which possessed anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, and proliferation promotion functions, as a “cell-free” strategy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of CEFFE in vivo and in vitro . Methods: In vivo study, sodium iodoacetate-induced OA rats were treated with CEFFE by intra-articular injections for 8 weeks. Behavioral experiments were performed every two weeks. Histological analyses, anti-type II collagen, and toluidine staining provided structural evaluation. Macrophage infiltration was assessed by anti-CD68 and anti-CD206 staining. In vitro study, the effect of CEFFE on macrophage polarization and secretory factors was evaluated by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The effect of CEFFE on cartilage regeneration was accessed by cell counting kit-8 assay and qRT-PCR. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and levels of ROS-related enzymes were investigated by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Results: In rat models with sodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA, CEFFE increased claw retraction pressure while decreasing bipedal pressure in a dose-depend manner. Moreover, CEFFE promoted cartilage structure restoration and increased the proportion of CD206 + macrophages in the synovium. In vitro , CEFFE decreased the proportion of CD86 + cells and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory factors in LPS + IFN-γ induced Raw 264.7. In addition, CEFFE decreased the expression of interleukin-6 and ADAMTs-5 and promoted the expression of SOX-9 in mouse primary chondrocytes. Besides, CEFFE reduced the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species in both in vitro models through regulating ROS-related enzymes. Conclusions: CEFFE inhibits the progression of OA by promoting cartilage regeneration and limiting low-grade joint inflammation.
Three-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography To Evaluate Left Ventricular Function In Patients With Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Following Tongxinluo Treatment
Authors: Tian Ruimeng , Feng Jia , Qin Wenjuan , Wang Zhen , Zhai Zijing , Huang Lei , Lu Guilin , Dong Shanshan
Published: January 2022

Objective: Bying comparing the correlation between three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3D-STE) and three-dimensional left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), to explore the 3D-STE to evaluate the left ventricle of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (acute STEMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) following routine treatment with Tongxinluo drugs. Methods: Altogether, 60 patients with acute STEMI and 30 healthy adults were selected, and the patients were randomly divided into the routine group and the Tongxinluo group, with 30 people in each group. All patients underwent PCI, and routine echocardiography and 3D-STE assessments were performed for each group 72 h after PCI and 12 months after PCI to obtain the following left ventricular related functional parameters: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), end-ventricular septal end-diastolic thickness (IVSD), left ventricular posterior wall end-diastolic thickness (LVPWD), left ventricular short axis shortening fraction (LVFS), Simpson’s left ventricular ejection fraction (Simpson’s LVEF), three-dimensional left ventricular ejection fraction (3D-LVEF), global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), left ventricular twist angle (LVtw), Torsion (Tor), peak strain dispersion (PSD), and myocardial comprehensive index (MCI). The same parameters were collected in the control group, the results were compared, and the correlation analysis between GCS, GLS, LVtw, Tor, and MCIF, and 3D-LVE was performed. Results: Compared with the control group, the LVFS, LVEF (Simpson), 3D-LVEF, GLS, GCS, LVtw, Tor, and MCI significantly decreased in patients with STEMI after PCI, while the PSD significantly increased ( P <0.05). Compared with the values 72 h after PCI, the LVEDD, LVFS, LVEF (Simpson), 3D-LVEF, GLS, GCS, LVtw, Tor, and MCI significantly increased at 12 m after PCI, while PSD significantly decreased ( P <0.05). No significant difference was observed between the two groups at 72 h after PCI ( P >0.05). At 12 months after PCI, the LVEF, GLS, GCS, LVtw, Tor, and MCI of the Tongxinluo group were higher than those of the routine group. The PSD was significantly lower in the Tongxinluo group ( P <0.05). MCI and 3D-LVEF have the strongest correlation and highest consistency, which can best reflect the changes in the left ventricular function in patients with acute STEMI after PCI. Conclusion: 3D-STE can be used to evaluate the protective effect of Tongxinluo on the left ventricular function in patients with acute STEMI after PCI.
COVID-19: Exercise Behavior of College Students Communicating at Home
Authors: Li Rui , Pan Daoyong , Lu Songtao
Published: January 2022

Background: During the outbreak and spread of COVID-19, the extension of college students' time spent studying at home changed their physical exercise behavior and affected the physical activity behavior of the whole family.Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1,582 college students using a specific measurement scale. A total of 305 urban college students were selected as research subjects. SPSS24.0 and AMOS24.0 were used for statistical analysis.Results: During the COVID-19 transmission period, the pair correlation coefficients of exercise behavior, exercise attitude, and family exercise conditions were 0.63, 0.36, and 0.25, respectively. The influence on family exercise behavior is as follows: college students' exercise behavior (0.403), family exercise support (0.329), and college students' exercise attitude (0.257). The most significant influence on family exercise support is college students' exercise attitude (0.509). The regression model of family exercise behavior standardization had 0.74 and 0.44 explanatory power to family exercise behavior and family exercise support, respectively.Conclusions: The individual-level interventions were assessed by considering the interaction between individual exercise behavior and individual factors. In addition, the exercise environment exhibited a regulatory role and should be controlled. At the interpersonal level, the communication of the college students regarding exercise behavior was bidirectional. Exercise support for family members is an important factor affecting two-way communication and has a significant effect. With the development of the exercise behavior theory, the interaction between individuals is the origin of the spread of group behavior. The data suggest that instead of one-way influence two-way influence mechanisms should be proposed to assess the transformation from the individual to group exercise behavior.
Temperature Sensitivity Analysis of Dual Material Stack Gate Oxide Source Dielectric Pocket TFET
Authors: Nishad Dharmender , Nigam Kaushal , Kumar Satyendra
Published: January 2022

Temperature dependence performance variation is one of the major concerns in predicting the actual electrical characteristics of the device as the bandgap of semiconducting material varies with temperature. Therefore, in this article, for the first time, the impact of temperature variations ranging from 300K to 450K on the DC, analog/ radio frequency, and linearity performance of dual material stack gate oxide-source dielectric pocket-tunnel- field-effect transistor (DMSGO-SDP-TFET) is investigated. In this regard, technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulator is used to analyze DC, and analog/radio frequency performance parameters such as carrier concentration, energy band variation, band to band tunneling rate, IDS - VGS characteristics, transconductance (gm), cut o frequency (f T ),gain-bandwidth product (GBP), maximum oscillating frequency (fmax), transconductance frequency product (TFP), and transit time considering the impact of temperature variations. Furthermore, linearity parameters such as third-order transconductance (gm3), third-order voltage intercept point (VIP3), third-order input-interception point (IIP3), and intermodulation distortion (IMD3) are also analyzed with temperature variations as these performance parameters are significant for linear and analog/radio frequency applications. Moreover, the performance of the proposed DMSGO- SDP-TFET is compared with the conventional dual-material stack gate oxide-tunnel- field-effect transistor (DMSGO-TFET). From the comparative analysis, in terms of % per kelvin, DMSGO-SDP-TFET demonstrates lesser sensitivity towards temperature variation. Hence, the proposed DMSGO-SDP-TFET can be a suitable candidate for low power switching and analog/radio frequency applications at elevated temperatures as compared to conventional DMSGO-TFET.
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinated Breakthrough Infections With Fatal and Critical Outcomes in the Department of Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Cardona Andres , Villegas Simon , Lopez Maria Stella , Maya Maria Angelica , Ortiz-Restrepo Celeny , Hernandez-Ortiz Olga , Ciuoderis Karl , Perez Laura , Betancour Idabely , Muñoz Carolina , Bustamante Lina , Rangel Andres Mauricio , Osorio Jorge , Hernandez-Ortiz Juan Pablo , Anderson Mark , Averhoff Francisco , Cloherty Gavin
Published: January 2022

The introduction of variants of concern and interest in the Departamento of Antioquia, Colombia, was concomitant with the beginning of the COVID-19 immunization program. Genomic surveillance indicates that none of the emerging variants –alpha, gamma, lambda, mu or delta– were dominant between January and August 2021. The immunization includes CoronaVac, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S and ChAdOx1-S vaccines. By September 10th, 34.43% inhabitants were fully vaccinated. We characterized, SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in 96 patients, 30 with fatal outcomes, 13 with ICU hospitalization and 53 with mild or asymptomatic disease. Even though gamma and mu variants co-circulated at similar levels, the latter was found to be predominant in patients with fatal outcomes and in those with ICU hospitalizations. We found a significant occurrence of the B.1.625 variant in these patients. Genetic substitutions of therapeutic and immunological concern, E484K and N501Y, are consistently observed in 90.1% and 79.5% of these variants, respectively. Evidence suggests that it is less probable to become infected after 60 days post-treatment with BNT162b2 than with CoronaVac. Importantly, we found that advanced age and comorbidities foster conditions for fatal and ICU outcomes in vaccinated patients. Our observations demonstrate the effectiveness of vaccination and identify patients with higher risks of subsequent breakthrough infections.
Comparison of Intestinal Stent Placement Followed By Laparoscopic Surgery and Emergency Surgery in Obstructive Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis and Meta-analysis
Authors: Li Zhengwei , Lu Yan , Wang Kang , Liao Tianyou , Ju Yongle , Peng Yuanhong , Ouyang Manzhao
Published: January 2022

Background: For patients with colorectal cancer and malignant intestinal obstruction, it is still controversial to perform endoscopic intestinal stent placement followed by laparoscopic surgery. This study compares the endoscopic intestinal stent placement followed by laparoscopic surgery and emergency surgery in patients with colorectal cancer and malignant intestinal obstruction.Method: 11 compliant publications from Pubmed, Cochrane and Embase databases were analyzed using Revies Manager 5.2 software. SPSS 21 was used to retrospectively analyze 99 patients admitted to our center from 2014 to 2019.Results: There were significant differences between the two groups in three of the five criteria. In the SBTS group, the perioperative mortality rate was lower, with an OR of 0.46 (95% CI: 0.22-0.95, P=0.04), the incidence of postoperative wound infection was lower; OR was 0.44 (95% CI: 0.24-0.82, P=0.009); Postoperative hospital stay was shorter, MD was -2.07 (95% CI: -2.55--1.59, P<0.00001).Retrospective analysis of the clinical outcome differences between the SBTS group and ES group in our center: Compared to the ES group, the SBTS group displayed lower infection rate of surgical incision (χ2=3.94,P =0.04) ); no difference in the frequency of occurrence of anastomotic leakage (χ2=0.18,P=0.67), did not reduce perioperative mortality (χ2=0.94,P=0.33);shorter operating time (204.13±37.35 min) (t=5.08,P=0.000), lower intraoperative blood loss (155.65±94.90 ml) (t=3.90,P=0.001); and shorter postoperative hospital stay (12.91±5.47 d) (t=2.64, P=0.01).Conclusion: Compared the emergency surgery group, endoscopic intestinal stent placement followed by the laparoscopic surgery can reduce perioperative mortality, postoperative wound infection, intraoperative blood loss, and the length of postoperative hospital stay. There was no difference between the two methods as far as the incidence of posterior anastomotic leakage and operating time were concerned.
Effects of the Combination of High-intensity Interval Training and Ecdysterone on Learning and Memory Abilities, Antioxidant Enzymes Activities, and Neuronal Population in an Amyloid-beta-induced Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Gholipour Parsa , komaki alireza , Ramezani Mahdi
Published: January 2022

Aims: Oxidative stress and neuronal death are the primary reasons for the progression of amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Ecdysterone (Ecdy), a common derivative of ecdysteroids, possesses free radical scavenging and cognitive-improving effects. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) may be a therapeutic strategy for improving cognitive decline and oxidative stress. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of HIIT alone and its combination with Ecdysterone on the changes in learning and memory functions, hippocampal antioxidant enzymes activities, and neuronal population after AD induced by Aβ in male rats.Materials and methods: Following ten days of Aβ-injection, HIIT exercise and Ecdysterone treatment (10 mg/kg/day; P.O.) were initiated and continued for eight consecutive weeks in rats. At the end of the treatment period, rat’s learning and memory functions were assessed using water-maze and passive-avoidance tests. Moreover, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione Reductase (GRx) and neuronal population were evaluated in rat’s brains.Results: The results indicated that Aβ injection disrupted spatial/passive avoidance learning and memory in both water-maze and passive-avoidance paradigms, accompanied by a decrease in the superoxide dismutase and catalase (as endogenous antioxidants) in rat hippocampus. Additionally, Aβ injection resulted in neuronal loss in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Although consumption of Ecdysterone separately improved spatial/passive avoidance learning and memory impairments, recovered hippocampal activity of SOD, CAT, GRx, GRx and prevented the hippocampal neuronal loss, its combination with HIIT resulted in a more powerful and effective amelioration in all the above-mentioned Aβ-neuropathological changes.Conclusion: The current work's data confirms that a combination of HIIT exercise and Ecdysterone treatment could be a promising potential therapeutic agent against AD-associated cognitive decline, owing to their free radical scavenging and neuroprotective properties.
Comparação do potencial erosivo de balas originais e azedas (“sour candies”)
Authors: Pegoretti Maria Luísa Raizer , Batista Nádia , Araújo Silvana Marchiori , Schmitt Beatriz Helena Eger , Silveira Eliane Garcia da , Farias Maria Mercês Aquino Gouveia
Published: January 2022

Introdução: O consumo frequente de balas ácidas está associado à etiologia da erosão dental. Objetivo: Comparar o potencial erosivo de balas originais e azedas. Material e método: Analisaram-se balas originais e azedas nos sabores: morango, uva, frutas silvestres e dentadura, constituindo-se 4 grupos: G-1- balas originais dissolvidas em água duplamente deionizada; G-2- balas originais dissolvidas em saliva artificial; G-3- balas azedas dissolvidas em água duplamente deionizada; G-4- balas azedas dissolvidas em saliva artificial. O pH das soluções foi mensurado utilizando-se um potenciômetro e eletrodo combinado de vidro e a acidez titulável (AT) adicionando-se alíquotas de 100 μL NaOH 1M as soluções até alcançarem pH 5,5. A concentração de cálcio foi determinada utilizando um espectrofotômetro de absorção atômica. Os resultados foram submetidos à Análise de Variância (ANOVA). As médias de pH, AT foram comparadas pelo teste Tukey em um nível de 5% de significância. Resultados: Observou-se que as balas dissolvidas em água apresentaram valores de pH inferiores a 5,5, não havendo diferença significante entre os grupos (G-1) e (G-3). Na diluição em saliva artificial os sabores do grupo G-2 apresentaram valores de pH significantemente mais elevados que os sabores do grupo G-4, que mantiveram valores de pH inferiores a 5,5.  Comparando-se a AT entre os grupos G-1 e G-3 observou-se que os sabores do grupo G-3 apresentaram uma AT significantemente mais alta.  Conclusão: Todas as balas analisadas apresentam potencial erosivo, porém as balas “sour” ou azedas apresentaram baixo pH, maior AT e baixo teor de cálcio, apresentando maior potencial erosivo.
ANALISIS KOMUNIKASI CSR PERTAMINA EP CEPU PADA PROGRAM PENGEMBANGAN BUMDESA DI KABUPATEN BOJONEGORO
Authors: Taufiq Ahmad
Published: January 2022

Abstrak

Penelitian komunikasi CSR Pertamina EP Cepu pada program Pengembangan BUMDes di Kabupaten Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur, mengacu Teori Komunikasi Lasswell yang mencakup lima indikator. Yakni,  mengenal khalayak, penyusunan pesan, penetapan metode, seleksi dan penggunaan media, serta efek yang diharapkan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif, dengan teknik penentuan informan melalui purposive samping. Analisis data mengacu model Miles dan Huberman, yang terdiri dari pengumpulan informasi, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komunikasi program ke khalayak dijalankan dengan pola

need assesment dan koordinasi. Dalam dimensi komunikator, cara komunikasi program CSR melalui komunikasi kelompok dan komunikasi personal (informal) dengan karakter (kearifan) lokal dengan menggunakan media sinau bareng, ngopi bareng, jagong klobot, dan forum usai Shalat Jumat. Untuk dimensi efek, efektivitas komunikasi melahirkan dukungan dari pemdes dengan menghibahkan TKD dan penyertaan modal.  

Kata Kunci: BUMDes, CSR, Komunikasi, Pengembangan, Program
PENGARUH TEKNIK MODELLING TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 2 KAUMAN
Authors: Sari Citra Ayu Kumala , Yuniar Mila
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the use of modelling techniques for student learning independence of 7th grade of Junior High School 2 Kauman. In this research, the researcher will uses quantitative approach with the experiment type and use Non-Equivalent Control Groub Design. Subject in this research, the researcher use 7th grade of Junior High School. Data Collecting Method uses interview, observation, and measuring scale, while the research instrument used by researcher is learning independence scale and modelling technique book. Than for data analiysis uses t-test like independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test, that before that there is base assumption test use normality test and homogenity test. The results of this study indicate that there are different average from student pre-test and post-test from experiment class. And that know from paired sample t-test score from 2-tailed value 0,001< 0,05. Than data from independent sample t-test with thw sig 2-tailed value 0,000 < 0,05 so that spoken if there are different signifficantly before and after giving treatment with modelling technique to student learning independence for 7th grade of Junior High School 2 Kauman.
DESKRIPSI KOMUNIKASI PERSUASIF DAN EFEKTIFITAS KERJA PEGAWAI PADA PERUSAHAAN JENANG MIRAH PONOROGO
Authors: Fikroh Seviyenti
Published: January 2022

Jenang Mirah Company Ponorogo was produces Jenang. That’s company was founded in 1958 by Mr. Sastro Toesiman and his wife who live in the village of Josari, Jetis. This industry was initially founded on a small scale, with only a frying pan and other equipment. With this equipment, the production of Mirah jenang is increasing. Thanks to his hard work, in 1966 the company grew even bigger. So that in 1978 it reached the peak of its business, which in its marketing could reach to the Madiun, Malang, and Surabaya areas. This paper describes persuasive communication at the Mirah Ponorogo jenang company and provides an overview of the effectiveness of employees' work at the Mirah Ponorogo jenang company.
KONTRIBUSI PENGETAHUAN ASBABUNNUZUL DALAM PENGEMBANGAN MATERI AL-QURAN DAN HADITS DI MADRASAH ALIYAH
Authors: Natsir Ahmad , Fahrudin Ahmad , Wahyudin Didin , Setiawan Bagus Wahyu , Werdiningsih Wilis
Published: January 2022

This article aims to reveal the role of Asbabunnuzul's knowledge on learning lessons in an Islamic school. This knowledge of asbabunnuzul was increasingly emphasized after the public discovery of subject matter which allegedly contained elements of a call to action on radicalism. Finally, at the end of 2019, the Ministry of Religion decided to overhaul the entire syllabus of PAI (Education of Islamic Religion) and Arabic learning materials from the MI (Islamic Elementary School) to the Madrasah Aliyah. Knowledge of asbabunnuzul a verse will make the Koran and the Prophet's hadiths have a relevant interpretation of their time as well as being able to capture divine messages in response to developments in social problems that exist in the contemporary era. It is from here that the material of the Qur'an hadith in Madrasah Aliyah and Tsanawiyah can develop not only to adhere to classical exegesion but to a more dynamic direction and to respond to the times.
THE STRATEGIES FOR LEARNING THE HISTORY OF ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION
Authors: Fithriy Haniefa Nuruddienil , Sirojudin Didin
Published: January 2022

The limited allocation of time, which is only 2 hours per week, the curricula that often change, the stereotypes about the History of Islamic Civilization (Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam or SKI) as a merely complementary and a boring subject, are among significant obstacles for SKI teachers to deliver the learning of the subject with demands for changes in the students’ cognitive, affective, and psycho-motoric aspects,. This paper aims at studying the strategies employed by the SKI teacher at the Islamic Junior High School (Madrasah Tsanawiyah or MTs) “Bahrul Ulum” Gadingmangu – Perak – Jombang in learning the subject to the students. The study is qualitative field research and the data was analyzed using the descriptive method. The findings show that the teacher’s good preparation and mastery of the subject, the Small Group Work (SGW) technique, and self-habituation activities have helped much in overcoming obstacles in the SKI learning as well as helping students to obtain good achievement both academically and non-academically.
PEMBINAAN PESERTA DIDIK DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN SISTEM ZONASI DI SMAN 1 SRENGAT
Authors: Chotimah Chusnul , Kholil Ahmad
Published: January 2022

New Student Admission, hereinafter abbreviated as PPDB, is stated in the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 51 of 2018, carried out based on the principles of non-discrimination, objective, transparent, accountable and fair. One of them is implemented with the PPDB zoning system policy. The New Student Admission (PPDB) zoning system raises a number of impacts. In practice, SMAN 1 Srengat has encountered several effects that have arisen since the implementation of the PPDB zoning system. Among them are the random input of students and the low enthusiasm for learning in students who are accepted through the zoning route without any selection with qualifications based on the acquisition of learning outcomes at the previous level. This research tries to review overcoming the problems of the teaching and learning process after the implementation of the zoning system PPDB policy at SMAN 1 Srengat. So that it can be seen that, in response to the implementation of the PPDB policy of the zoning system which generates random input and raises problems in the spirit of learning, SMAN 1 Srengat implements innovation and development of transformative and comprehensive student coaching.
Synthesis and crystal structure of cytotoxic copper(II) complex with 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione and isothiazole derivative
Authors: Golubeva Yu. A. , Smirnova K. S. , Klyushova L. S. , Potkin V. I. , Lider E. V.
Published: January 2022

Oligopyridine based copper(II) complexes are of interest to scientists as possible anticancer agents due to promising cytotoxic and DNA binding/cleaving properties. In this study, copper(II) complex [Cu(phendione)L2]·C2H5OH with 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione (phendione) and 4,5-dichloro-isothiazole-3-carboxylic acid (HL) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR-spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. According to X-ray diffraction data, obtained compound is mononuclear complex with square pyramidal coordination environment of the central atom which is surrounded by two isothiazolate molecules and one phendione ligand. The X-ray diffraction data are confirmed by IR-spectroscopy data showing the presence of characteristic stretching vibration bands of the carbonyl and carboxyl groups of oligopyridine ligand and isothiazolate ions, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations for complex were carried out using the ADF software package to perform geometry optimization and frequency calculations that were in a good agreement with experimental IR spectrum. Cytotoxicity of complex and initial reagents was tested in vitro against HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma) and MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cell lines. The complex showed high dose-dependent cytotoxic activity with the IC50 values of 0.60±0.03 µM and 0.96±0.13 µM, respectively, which is higher than the activity of cisplatin against these cell lines. The activity of the complex is due to the presence of phendione ligand, which exhibits a similar cytotoxic activity.
Development and testing of procedures for detecting HPV 6 and HPV 16 DNA in water samples
Authors: Stolbikov A. S. , Salyaev R. K. , Rekoslavskaya N. I.
Published: January 2022

The present study aims to develop and test procedures for detecting the DNA of dangerous human papillomaviruses (HPV) types 6 and 16 in water samples. The conserved segments of HPV 6 L1 and HPV 16 L1 nucleic acid sequences were studied using bioinformatic methods with the help of the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) database and the BioEdit program. A total of 135 nucleic acid sequences of HPV6 L1 and 945 nucleic acid sequences of HPV16 L1 were examined. Five pairs of specific primers were developed for the identified conserved segments of nucleic acid sequences using specialized programs (PerlPrimer v.1.1.21, FastPCR 6.6, and Primer3Plus). In addition, several procedures for collecting samples from various water bodies located near Listvyanka settlement (Lake Baikal) were tested. The samples were subjected to comprehensive purification from insoluble particles and bacterial contamination to be tested for the presence of HPV DNA via PCR analysis using primers complementary to the nucleic acid sequences of HPV6 L1 and HPV16 L1. The conducted studies revealed HPV 6 and HPV 16 DNA in the water samples. Due to the use of the developed and tested procedures for collecting and examining samples from various water sources in the Baikal Natural Territory followed by a PCR analysis, it was possible to detect the presence of dangerous viruses. The proposed procedure of testing water samples for the presence of HPV can be useful in developing effective monitoring of water bodies and wastewater both in Baikal and other regions.
Estimation of parameters characterizing a steady-state synthesis process with nonlinear microorganism growth kinetics
Authors: Gordeeva Yu. L. , Ul’yanov B. A. , Gordeeva E. L.
Published: January 2022

The paper describes a theoretical basis developed for estimating the parameters of a steady-state biotechnological process characterized by nonlinear microorganism growth kinetics. This study aimed to obtain a common methodological basis for estimating input parameters that determine actual technology implementation, taking into account all possible restrictions on the concentration of incoming substrate Sf (g/l) and dilution rate D (h-1 ). The theory development was based on a mathematical model describing one of the most common processes of lactic acid production. This mathematical model includes three mass balance equations (for biomass, substrate, and product), as well as an equation of microorganism growth kinetics. The study established relations for calculating the ultimate value of the dilution rate D ult at a given Sf , relations for the maximum and minimum values of Sf , as well as Sf and D providing the maximum productivity value QP, g/(l·h), where QP = PD (P – product concentration, g/l). These relations were designed to calculate the parameters of possible process implementation for two options at the same value of QP: two values of D calculated for a given Sf and two values of Sf calculated for a given D. A numerical experiment is described using the constants of the mathematical model confirmed by foreign studies. This numerical experiment is illustrated using an Sf-D dependence pattern determining an acceptable value range for Sf and D, with the separate calculation of parameters according to Sf sections. For each of these sections, calculation formulas are provided. It is concluded that the developed theoretical basis is sufficiently general in nature to be applied to biotechnological processes that involve other kinetic relations, as well as microorganism strains creating by-products and using raw materials that are employed to reproduce the substrate in the process of synthesis.
Veterinary drug Trametin obtained on the basis of Trametes pubescens xylotroph fungi: its effect on the biosynthesis of interferons and its prophylactic activity against calf respiratory diseases
Authors: Chkhenkeli V. A.
Published: January 2022

Given the spread of bacterial and viral diseases in young farm animals, the use of interferons and drugs to stimulate their biosynthesis has gained relevance. In a previous study, we examined the effect of a veterinary drug Trametin produced on the basis of Trametes pubescens (Shumach.: Fr.) Pilat. on the biosynthesis of interferons in the blood of mice. The present work is aimed at studying the biosynthesis dynamics of α- and γ-interferons when using Trametin and studying its prophylactic activity in calves. It is shown that a single oral administration of Trametin in doses ranging from 15 to 60 mg/kg causes a dose-dependent induction and production of γ-interferon in the blood of mice, whose maximum content reaches 1337.0±93.0 pg/mL at 48 h after administering a dose of 30 mg/kg. With a Trametin dose increase from 15 to 30 mg/kg, the level of α-interferon production rises to 1388.0±84.0 pg/mL at 48 h after administration. At a Cycloferon dose of 4.5 mg/kg, the production level of α-interferon and γ-interferon amounts to 1455.47±84.2 and 1447.0±90.0 pg/mL, respectively. The immunostimulatory properties of Trametin are confirmed by a scientific and economic experiment conducted using immunocompromised calves. In our studies, an immunological test of calf blood performed prior to and following the administration of Trimetin and Cycloferon constitutes criteria for the prophylactic activity of these drugs. The prophylactic efficacy of Trametin is confirmed by an increase in phagocytic activity by 10.5%, phagocytic index by 61.8%, and phagocytic number by 52.8%. After Trametin administration, the bactericidal activity of the serum increases by 60%. Cycloferon exhibits a similar immunostimulatory effect. Nonspecific prophylaxis using Trametin is shown to reduce the incidence of bacterial and viral respiratory diseases in young calves and generally improve their immunity.
Optical properties of honey: FTIR spectroscopy and refractometry
Authors: Nechiporenko A. P. , Vezo O. S. , Nechiporenko U. Yu. , Plotnikova L. V. , Sitnikova V. E. , Ukraintseva P. I. , Plotnikov P. P.
Published: January 2022

115 samples of honey of various botanical types, geographical origin and harvest year (2019– 2021) were analysed using attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy of impaired total reflection, refractometry and biochemical analysis. Initial honey samples in liquid and crystallised states were investigated. Crystalline D-glucopyranose (glucose), D-fructopyranose (fructose), their 40% solutions and invert sugar were used as auxiliary substances. Biochemical analysis was used to determine the glucose content in honey samples. Based on the obtained data, a relationship between the results of biochemical analysis and refractometry (refractive index, the content of invert sugars, humidity) was established. We deduced equations that allow the content of glucose and fructose in honey to be evaluated by the refractive index. Studying honey by IR spectroscopy showed that all investigated samples, regardless of the botanical and geographical origins, can be classified into three groups dominated by: I – glucose, II – fructose and III – mixed, with a close content of two monosaccharides. This allowed the bands characteristic of α- and β-pyranose forms of glucose and fructose to be identified, as well as the nature of their changes depending on the ratio of both monosaccharides in honey as a result of their crystallisation to be assessed. It is noted that the ratio of monosaccharides determines not only the stability of the liquid crystal structure and crystallisation rate in honey but also their optical, biochemical and nutritional properties, which are important for the preferred use of honey in medical and pharmacopoeial practice, dietetics and cosmetology.
The role of cysteine in the formation of domain structures of papain and legumin in peas, involved in limited proteolysis
Authors: Matveev Yu. I. , Averyanova E. V.
Published: January 2022

The limited use of plant proteins for food is explained by their low bioavailability and poor digestibility by enzymes of the gastrointestinal tract. Partially reproduced enzymatic processes of limited proteolysis that occur during seed germination are used to modify and improve the edibility characteristics of seed proteins. The present work discusses the possibility of reducing the duration of seed germination processes by optimising the conditions and parameters of limited proteolysis. To optimise manufacturing high-quality final product, enzymes (additional to the natural enzymes in the seed) and proteolysis conditions (in this case, temperature), as well as added substances (hydrolysis activators), were selected. The influence of cysteine on the formation of domain structures of proteins (enzymes and globulins) was evaluated. The proposed expressions can be used to determine those fragments of protein molecules that form stable domains and become unstructured when exposed to enzymes. Optimal conditions for limited proteolysis were identified based on the physical mechanism of action of papain-like proteolytic enzymes on pea legumin LegA (3KSC, CAA10722). It is shown that the decomposition of protein secondary structures takes 6–8 times longer, since the formed hydrogen bonds limit the access of enzymes to the corresponding amino-acid residues. It is also demonstrated that the decomposition of hydrogen bonds, e.g. by preliminary heat treatment of proteins, will broaden the prospects for limited proteolysis.
The relationship between behavioral problems and screen time in children during COVID-19 school closures in Japan
Authors: Ueno Chika , Yamamoto Shuichi
Published: January 2022

Background and objectives

Studies have shown that COVID-19 school closures negatively impacted children’s well-being. We assessed the impact of school closures on children in Japan. We postulated that screen time and sleep habits during school closure would be associated with children’s mental health status.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 959 children in four public elementary schools. Parents completed an original questionnaire in which we enquired about children’s behavioral problems, screen time (duration of watching TV/videos and duration of playing video games), sleep habits, and bodyweight change during school closure. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the relationships between behavioral problems, bodyweight gain, and screen time.

Results

It was found that 50.3% of children exhibited some behavioral problems during school closure; fewer children exhibited such problems after schools reopened. Moreover, children’s behavioral problems during school closure were associated with longer total screen time (odds ratio [OR]: 1.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14–1.28, p < .001). Sleep habits were not different between children with behavioral problems and those without. Of the children, 16.7% experienced bodyweight gain during school closure, which was associated with behavioral problems (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.43–2.92, p < .001) and time spent watching TV/videos (OR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.08–1.28, p < .001) during closure.

Conclusions

COVID-19 school closure negatively impacted school children physically and psychologically. Screen time was associated with both physical and mental health status. Therefore, children should not engage in arbitrary screen time during school closures and should be supported in their daily routines.
Remote Religion / Remote Region: Practicing and Researching Remote Religion in the Andaman Islands
Authors: Banerjee Raka
Published: January 2022

Remoteness is an attribute that has often been negatively attached to island-spaces like the Andaman Islands, separated from the Indian mainland by the vast Bay of Bengal, located at the ‘liquid borderlands’ of South and Southeast Asia. The Covid-19 pandemic, on the other hand, has popularised the use of ‘remote’ methods of enabling religio-social interaction. The islanders of these geographically ‘remote’ locations use these ‘remote’ ways of connecting to perform their religious practices and maintain their faith networks, which is otherwise compromised due to the pandemic-induced restrictions on social gatherings. By exploring the ‘online’ global faith networks of the little-known Matua religion, as well as, the social, technical and logistical constraints in the devotees’ access to ‘remote’ religion, the paper addresses two questions: first, how do individuals play out their identities, both as islander and as devotee, ‘online’; second, what are the corresponding technological and logistical conditions that enable their ‘presence’ and who are the ‘absent’ actors. Drawing from remotely collected data, particularly online ethnography and telephonic interviews, the paper explores the mediating role of technology in destabilizing, as well as, solidifying concepts of remoteness and isolation, particularly in the peripheries of nation, during times of restricted mobility.
Nem csak a húszéveseké… az erdő, avagy hosszútávú teljesítménytúrázás ötvenéves kor felett
Authors: Mayer Krisztina , Kulcsár Kata
Published: January 2022

Ez a tanulmány az ötven év felet túrázók rekreációs céllal végzet sporttevékenységébe és annak pszichológiai háterébe enged betekintést, különös tekintettel a motivációra. A túrázókat kvalitatív módszerrel elemeztem motivációjuk felkutatása érdekében. Ez a megközelítés újszerű és szokatlan, de sokkal több információval szolgál, mint a kvantitatív megközelítés. A vizsgálat mintát 15 fő, 8 férfi és 7 nő alkotta, átlagos életkoruk 54,2±8,4 volt. A vizsgálatba kerülés kritériuma volt a minimum 50 éves életkor és az, hogy a túrázó legalább öt éve aktívan részt vegyen hosszútávú teljesítménytúrázásban. Az eredmények arra engednek következtetni, hogy a túrázóknak belső motivációik vannak a nagy távolságok teljesítésére, ideértve az új kihívások leküzdését, a fizikai határaik felfedezését, a komfortzónán kívüli állapot átélését és egy hasonló érdeklődésű emberek alkotta csoportba tartozást, valamint a természet szépségének vonzerejét. Határaik legyőzése olyan flowélményben testesül meg, amely tovább viszi őket az egyre hosszabb túrák teljesítésére.
Relación de las Habilidades Sociales con el rendimiento académico en estudiantes Universitarios
Authors: Cosio Herbert , Núñez Miguel , Lazo Liceth
Published: January 2022

Él objetivo fue establecer la relación de las Habilidades Sociales y el Rendimiento Académico de los estudiantes universitarios. La investigación se desarrolló dentro del  paradigma cuantitativo,  se utilizó el método deductivo, de alcance relacional y analítico. La unidad de análisis estuvo constituido por estudiantes de la universidad  Andina de Cusco. La muestra estuvo constituido por 201 estudiantes, mediante un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple. La prueba de hipótesis fue contratada mediante el estadístico  paramétrico de correlación de Pearson. El resultado obtenido fue a mayores habilidades sociales, mayor el rendimiento académico en los estudiantes,  se obtuvo una correlación de Pearson de 0,829 con un factor de determinación del 68,6%.  Se concluye que existe asociación directamente proporcional entre las Habilidades Sociales y rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de Medicina Humana de la Universidad Andina de Cusco.
Influencia de el niño oscilación sur 2016 – 2017 en los desembarques de la pesca artesanal en la region piura
Authors: Tume Juan , Rangel Antia , Vásquez Oscar , Mendoza Percival
Published: January 2022

En el presente estudio se describe la influencia que el “El Niño Oscilación del Sur” 2016 y 2017, influye en principales recursos que sustentan la pesca artesanal en la zona norte, para este estudio se tomo información de las descarga de especies desde setiembre 2016 hasta marzo 2017, para ello se analiza la relación que existe entre el ndice Costero de “El Niño”, parámetro que refleja el cambio en las temperaturas superficiales del mar y que se usa para definir la presencia de El niño a nivel local y las descargas de los recursos.Se determinó que los recursos afectados son Caballa, Cachema, Samasa, los cuales bajan sus volúmenes de descarga, a medida que el ICEN aumenta, por lo tanto, decimos que son especies afectadas por el Evento El Niño 2016 y 2017. Sin embargo, existen especies que aparecen en grandes cantidades de descarga, así tenemos al Barrilete, Chiri y Langostino, especies que pueden ser potenciales desde el punto de vista de la pesca de los recursos, y que se deben impulsar cuando hay entrada de agua dulce.