bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of designated properties on the characteristics of dombeya buettneri fiber/graphite hybrid reinforced polypropylene composites
Authors: Oladele I. O. , Oladejo M. O. , Adediran A. A. , Makinde-Isola B. A. , Owa A. F. , Akinlabi E. T.
Published: July 2020

This research presents the behavior of dombeya buettneri fiber/graphite hybrid composites which was studied to harness a favorable balance between the inherent advantages and disadvantages of natural and synthetic reinforcements. The fibers after extraction were chemically treated for surface modification. The composite was developed using compression molding process by randomly dispersing the reinforcements in the polypropylene matrix in predetermined proportions. The developed samples were tested to ascertain the response of the materials to the selected properties. Experimental results showed that hybrid composite sample C which is a blend of 12 wt% dombeya buettneri fiber (DBF) and 8 wt% graphite particle (GP) gave enhanced results in many of the properties which includes; hardness, impact, thermal insulation and abrasion resistance properties. Also, the hybrid composites sample denoted as sample E which is the blend of 6 wt% DBF and 14 wt% GP produce higher enhancement in the flexural properties and Young’s Modulus of Elasticity than other samples. Composite sample reinforced with dombeya buettneri fiber as single reinforced composites performed more in ultimate tensile strength compared to other samples while graphite particle reinforced sample emerges as the best in thermal conductivity. Diffusion of water into the composites also obeys Fick’s law where sample C was seen to be the best among the composites. It was therefore, discovered that the synergy between the two reinforcements has encouraged the improvement of polypropylene (PP) properties in a unique mode.
Fatigue in adults with spinal muscular atrophy under treatment with nusinersen
Authors: Kizina K. , Stolte B. , Totzeck A. , Bolz S. , Schlag M. , Ose C. , von Velsen O. , Kleinschnitz C. , Hagenacker Tim
Published: July 2020

5q-Associated spinal muscular atrophy is a hereditary neuromuscular disease leading to progressive muscle weakness in which fatigue occurs and affects quality of life. Treatment with the antisense oligonucleotide nusinersen has been shown to improve motor function. Fatigue can be measured within the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). FSS is a self-reported questionnaire consisting of nine items to quantify fatigue severity within the last week. Higher values indicating a higher severity. Using the FSS, fatigue was measured in 28 adult patients, subdivided into ambulatory and non-ambulatory, suffering from a genetically confirmed 5q-SMA under treatment with nusinersen in accordance with the label. Correlations were performed among FSS and motor scales, 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and Hammersmiths Functional Motor Scale Expanded (HFMSE). Evaluation was performed prior to treatment initiation and after 6 and 10 months. The mean FSS score for all 28 patients at baseline was 4.61 ± 1.44. After 6 months mean FSS score significantly reduced to 3.92 ± 1.35. After 10 months mean FSS score had not differed from baseline, 3.84 ± 1.25. A moderate negative correlation of the difference of FSS and 6MWT after 6 months compared to baseline conditions was measured. Nusinersen reduces fatigue as measured by the FSS in adult patients with 5q-SMA transiently after initiation of treatment. There was no reduction of FSS 10 months after the beginning of treatment when compared to baseline.
DoseGAN: a generative adversarial network for synthetic dose prediction using attention-gated discrimination and generation
Authors: Kearney Vasant , Chan Jason W. , Wang Tianqi , Perry Alan , Descovich Martina , Morin Olivier , Yom Sue S. , Solberg Timothy D.
Published: July 2020

Deep learning algorithms have recently been developed that utilize patient anatomy and raw imaging information to predict radiation dose, as a means to increase treatment planning efficiency and improve radiotherapy plan quality. Current state-of-the-art techniques rely on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that use pixel-to-pixel loss to update network parameters. However, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) dose is often heterogeneous, making it difficult to model using pixel-level loss. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) utilize adversarial learning that incorporates image-level loss and is better suited to learn from heterogeneous labels. However, GANs are difficult to train and rely on compromised architectures to facilitate convergence. This study suggests an attention-gated generative adversarial network (DoseGAN) to improve learning, increase model complexity, and reduce network redundancy by focusing on relevant anatomy. DoseGAN was compared to alternative state-of-the-art dose prediction algorithms using heterogeneity index, conformity index, and various dosimetric parameters. All algorithms were trained, validated, and tested using 141 prostate SBRT patients. DoseGAN was able to predict more realistic volumetric dosimetry compared to all other algorithms and achieved statistically significant improvement compared to all alternative algorithms for the V100 and V120 of the PTV, V60 of the rectum, and heterogeneity index.
Critical thresholds of 1-Octen-3-ol shape inter-species Aspergillus interactions modulating the growth and secondary metabolism
Authors: Singh Digar , Son Su Young , Lee Choong Hwan
Published: July 2020

In fungi, contactless interactions are mediated via the exchange of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). As these pair-wise interactions are fundamental to complex ecosystem, we examined the effects of inter-species VOCs trade-offs in Aspergillus flavus development. First, we exposed A. flavus to the A. oryzae volatilome (Treatment-1) with highest relative abundance of 1-Octen-3-ol (~ 4.53 folds) among the C-8 VOCs. Further, we examined the effects of gradient titers of 1-Octen-3-ol (Treatment-2: 100–400 ppm/day) in a range that elicits natural interactions. On 7-day, VOC-treated A. flavus displayed significantly reduced growth and sclerotial counts (p < 0.01) coupled with higher conidial density (T2100-200 ppm/day, p < 0.01) and α-amylase secretion (T2200 ppm/day, p < 0.01), compared to the untreated sets. Similar phenotypic trends except for α-amylases were evident for 9-day incubated A. flavus in T2. The corresponding metabolomics data displayed a clustered pattern of secondary metabolite profiles for VOC-treated A. flavus (PC1-18.03%; PC2-10.67%). Notably, a higher relative abundance of aflatoxin B1 with lower levels of most anthraquinones, indole-terpenoids, and oxylipins was evident in VOC-treated A. flavus. The observed correlations among the VOC-treatments, phenotypes, and altered metabolomes altogether suggest that the distant exposure to the gradient titers of 1-Octen-3-ol elicits an attenuated developmental response in A. flavus characterized by heightened virulence.
Irradiation dependent inflammatory response may enhance satellite cell engraftment
Authors: Doreste Bruno , Torelli Silvia , Morgan Jennifer
Published: July 2020

Skeletal muscle stem (satellite) cells transplanted into host mouse muscles contribute to muscle regeneration. Irradiation of host muscle enhances donor stem cell engraftment by promoting the proliferation of transplanted donor cells. We hypothesised that, similar to other systems, cells damaged by radiation might be effecting this donor cell proliferation. But we found no difference in the percentage of dying (TUNEL+) cells in immunodeficient dystrophic mouse muscles at the times after the irradiation dose that enhances donor cell engraftment. Similarly, irradiation did not significantly increase the number of TUNEL+ cells in non-dystrophic immunodeficient mouse muscles and it only slightly enhanced donor satellite cell engraftment in this mouse strain, suggesting either that the effector cells are present in greater numbers within dystrophic muscle, or that an innate immune response is required for effective donor cell engraftment. Donor cell engraftment within non-irradiated dystrophic host mouse muscles was not enhanced if they were transplanted with either satellite cells, or myofibres, derived from irradiated dystrophic mouse muscle. But a mixture of cells from irradiated muscle transplanted with donor satellite cells promoted donor cell engraftment in a few instances, suggesting that a rare, yet to be identified, cell type within irradiated dystrophic muscle enhances the donor stem cell-mediated regeneration. The mechanism by which cells within irradiated host muscle promote donor cell engraftment remains elusive.
Vitamin B12 deficiency and altered one-carbon metabolites in early pregnancy is associated with maternal obesity and dyslipidaemia
Authors: Adaikalakoteswari Antonysunil , Wood Catherine , Mina Theresia H. , Webster Craig , Goljan Ilona , Weldeselassie Yonas , Reynolds Rebecca M. , Saravanan Ponnusamy
Published: July 2020

Vitamin B12 (B12) is a micronutrient essential for one-carbon (1C) metabolism. B12 deficiency disturbs the 1C cycle and alters DNA methylation which is vital for most metabolic processes. Studies show that B12 deficiency may be associated with obesity, insulin resistance and gestational diabetes; and with obesity in child-bearing women. We therefore hypothesised that the associations between B12 deficiency, BMI and the metabolic risk could be mediated through altered 1C metabolites in early pregnancy. We explored these associations in two different early pregnancy cohorts in the UK (cohort 1; n = 244 and cohort 2; n = 60) with anthropometric data at 10–12 weeks and plasma/serum sampling at 16–18 weeks. B12, folate, total homocysteine (tHcy), methionine, MMA, metabolites of 1C metabolism (SAM, SAH) and anthropometry were measured. B12 deficiency (< 150 pmol/l) in early pregnancy was 23% in cohort 1 and 18% in cohort 2. Regression analysis after adjusting for likely confounders showed that B12 was independently and negatively associated with BMI (Cohort 1: β = − 0.260, 95% CI (− 0.440, − 0.079), p = 0.005, Cohort 2: (β = − 0.220, 95% CI (− 0.424, − 0.016), p = 0.036) and positively with HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) (β = 0.442, 95% CI (0.011,0.873), p = 0.045). We found that methionine (β = − 0.656, 95% CI (− 0.900, − 0.412), p < 0.0001) and SAH (β = 0.371, 95% CI (0.071, 0.672), p = 0.017) were independently associated with triglycerides. Low B12 status and alteration in metabolites in 1C metabolism are common in UK women in early pregnancy and are independently associated with maternal obesity and dyslipidaemia. Therefore, we suggest B12 monitoring in women during peri-conceptional period and future studies on the pathophysiological relationship between changes in 1C metabolites and its association with maternal and fetal outcomes on larger cohorts. This in turn may offer potential to reduce the metabolic risk in pregnant women and their offspring.
Author Correction: PyMT-1099, a versatile murine cell model for EMT in breast cancer
Authors: Saxena Meera , Kalathur Ravi Kiran Reddy , Neutzner Melanie , Christofori Gerhard
Published: July 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Implementation of an efficient linear-optical quantum router
Authors: Bartkiewicz Karol , Černoch Antonín , Lemr Karel
Published: July 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Hepatitis B: changes in epidemiological features of Afro-descendant communities in Central Brazil
Authors: Lima Livia Alves , do Lago Bárbara Vieira , dos Santos Weis-Torres Sabrina Moreira , Martins Regina Maria Bringel , Cesar Gabriela Alves , Bandeira Larissa Melo , Rezende Grazielli Rocha , de Siqueira Campos Lindenberg Andrea , Gomes Selma Andrade , Motta-Castro Ana Rita Coimbra
Published: July 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
How to make C–N bonds using boronic acids and their derivatives without transition metals
Authors: Roscales Silvia , Csáky Aurelio G.
Published: July 2020

No need for transition-metal catalysis in amination, amidation, nitration or nitrosation reactions with boron derivatives as reagents.
Highly efficient detection of cancer-derived exosomes using modified core–shell electrospun nanofibers as a capture substrate and antibody immobilized-graphene quantum dots as a signaling agent
Authors: Barati Fatemeh , Arpanaei Ayyoob , Mahmoudifard Matin
Published: July 2020

In the past few years graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been used as a signaling agent for medical diagnosis.
The synergistic effect of hierarchical structure and alkyl chain length on the antifouling and bactericidal properties of cationic/zwitterionic block polymer brushes
Authors: He Yuanyuan , Wan Xinyuan , Lin Weiwei , Li Jiehua , Li Zhen , Luo Feng , Li Jianshu , Tan Hong , Fu Qiang
Published: July 2020

A well-organized hierarchical structure and appropriate alkyl chain length facilitate the synergistic anti-biofilm effect.
High-voltage honeycomb layered oxide positive electrodes for rechargeable sodium batteries
Authors: Chen Chih-Yao , Rizell Josef , Kanyolo Godwill Mbiti , Masese Titus , Sassa Yasmine , Månsson Martin , Kubota Keigo , Matsumoto Kazuhiko , Hagiwara Rika , Xu Qiang
Published: July 2020

Partial substitution of congener transition metal into honeycomb layer oxides (adopting the composition Na2Ni2−xCoxTeO6) effectively increases their discharge voltage to nearly 4 V (vs. Na+/Na).
Match–mismatch effects in two-fold transfer of chirality within a Möbius metallo-receptor
Authors: Boitrel Bernard , Le Gac Stéphane
Published: July 2020

Two-fold transfer of chirality has been investigated in a Möbius Zn(ii) hexaphyrin metallo-receptor, allowing tuning of the induced chiroptical activity.
Molecular aspects of glycine clustering and phase separation in an aqueous solution during anti-solvent crystallization
Authors: Kitayama Akira , Kadota Kazunori , Tozuka Yuichi , Shimosaka Atsuko , Yoshida Mikio , Shirakawa Yoshiyuki
Published: July 2020

The anti-solvent crystallization behavior of the glycine aqueous and ethanol system was addressed through molecular dynamics simulation of a non-equilibrium state.
Wheel-like{Ln6}luminescent lanthanide complexes covering the visible and near-infrared domains
Authors: Sun Ou , Chen Peng , Li Hong-Feng , Gao Ting , Yan Peng-Fei
Published: July 2020

Luminescence properties of wheel-like lanthanide complexes.
Ni–Mo modified metal–organic frameworks for high-performance supercapacitance and enzymeless H2O2 detection
Authors: Li Yue , Pascal Kamdem , Jin Xiao-Juan
Published: July 2020

The growth process for A(B)-NixMoy-MOFs@AAC hybrids.
Selective identification of cyclopentaring-fused PAHs and side-substituted PAHs in a low pressure premixed sooting flame by photoelectron photoion coincidence spectroscopy
Authors: Mercier X. , Faccinetto A. , Batut S. , Vanhove G. , Božanić D. K. , Hróðmarsson H. R. , Garcia G. A. , Nahon L.
Published: July 2020

Selective on-line identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) formed in a low-pressure methane sooting flame, carried out using the double imaging Photoelectron Photoion Coincidence Spectroscopy method (i2PEPICO).
Bismuth MOF-derived BiOBr/Bi24O31Br10 heterojunctions with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performance
Authors: Huang Ganghong , Li Zishun , Liu Kun , Tang Xuekun , Huang Jing , Zhang Guofan
Published: July 2020

The BiOBr/Bi24O31Br10 heterojunction with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performance was first prepared using bismuth based MOFs as the frame and precursor.
Taming NO oxidation efficiency by γ-MnO2 morphology regulation
Authors: Chen Lei , Zhang Jinping , Li Yuxin , Wu Xiaomei , Zhang Zaoxiao , Lu Qiang , He Chi
Published: July 2020

Nitric oxide (NO) emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels has drawn global concern, and the oxidation of NO contributes greatly to the DeNOx process.
Interface engineering of oxygen-vacancy-rich NiCo2O4/NiCoP heterostructure as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting
Authors: Jin Wei , Chen Jianping , Wu Hengbo , Zang Nan , Li Qingwei , Cai Weiquan , Wu Zexing
Published: July 2020

Inexpensive bifunctional electrocatalysts towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is highly desirable from the perspective of energy conversion.
Physico-chemical factors controlling the speciation of phosphorus in English and Welsh rivers
Authors: Goddard Rupert , Gardner Michael J. , Hutchinson Thomas H. , Lunt Paul , Pearson Holly B. C. , Tappin Alan , Schofield H. Kate , Attfield Tarryn , Worsfold Paul , Comber Sean
Published: July 2020

Phosphorus cycling in the environment.
The forest or the trees: a critical review on the analysis of total organic halogen (TOX) in drinking waters and its utility as a water quality parameter
Authors: Kristiana Ina , McDonald Suzanne , Joll Cynthia A.
Published: July 2020

TOX can be used as an indicator for regulated DBP concentrations in, and toxicity of, disinfected waters.
Protective effect of a dietary flavonoid-rich antioxidant from bamboo leaves against internal exposure to acrylamide and glycidamide in humans
Authors: Chen Xinyu , Jia Wei , Wang Qiao , Han Jianxin , Cheng Jun , Zeng Weijiang , Zhao Qingning , Zhang Yu , Zhang Ying
Published: July 2020

Dietary flavonoid-rich polyphenolic antioxidants from bamboo leaves may protect against internal exposure to acrylamide in humansviaaltering the mercapturic acid metabolites and hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide and glycidamide.
Exploring material chemistry for direct ink writing of reactively formed conductors
Authors: Arlington Shane Q. , Vummidi Lakshman Shashank , Barron Sara C. , DeLisio Jeffery B. , Rodriguez Juan C. , Narayanan Sharada , Fritz Gregory M. , Weihs Timothy P.
Published: July 2020

Rational design of a reactive material for 3D printing robust electrical conductors which can be integrated into parts or systems.
Leishmania infantum isolates exhibit high infectivity and reduced susceptibility to amphotericin B
Authors: Faral-Tello Paula , Greif Gonzalo , Satragno Dinora , Basmadjián Yester , Robello Carlos
Published: July 2020

L. infantum isolates from an outbreak of canine leishmaniasis were obtained. Drug sensitivity assays and infectivity studies show significant differences with reference strains.
Highly efficient and stable hybrid quantum-dot light-emitting field-effect transistors
Authors: He Penghui , Lan Linfeng , Deng Caihao , Wang Jian , Peng Junbiao , Cao Yong
Published: July 2020

A red quantum-dot light-emitting transistor with an EQE of 22.8% and a field-effect mobility of 3.1 cm2 V−1 s−1 is demonstrated.
Synthesis of 3-oxadiazole-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines by nickel immobilized on multifunctional amphiphilic porous polysulfonamide–melamine
Authors: Alavinia Sedigheh , Ghorbani-Vaghei Ramin
Published: July 2020

A novel efficient and environmentally friendly approach for the synthesis of 3-oxadiazole-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines in the presence of nickel immobilized on amphiphilic polysulfonamide–melamine is described.
Tetraphenylethylene-bridged double-branched sensitizers featuring hetero-donors for dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Yan Yi-Qiao , Zhu Yi-Zhou , Dai Pan-Pan , Han Jun , Yan Mao , Zheng Jian-Yu
Published: July 2020

Effects of hetero-donors on the photovoltaic performance of tetraphenylethylene-based organic dyes were systematically investigated.
Deconvolution of phase–size–strain effects in metal carbide nanocrystals for enhanced hydrogen evolution
Authors: Roy Soumyabrata , Bagchi Debabrata , Vemuri Vamseedhara , Ch. Sarma Saurav , Ahuja Vinita , Rajaji Vincent , Narayana Chandrabhas , Peter Sebastian C.
Published: July 2020

HER activity enhancement in metal carbides through thermodynamic and kinetic controlsviaformation of different crystallographic phases, particle sizes and strain.
Ferroelectric polyoxometalate-modified nano semiconductor TiO2for increasing electron lifetime and inhibiting electron recombination in dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Gu Yitong , Wang Ting , Dong Yi-na , Zhang He , Wu Di , Chen Weilin
Published: July 2020

Ferroelectric polyoxometalate Sm is a good electron transfer medium, which can reduce electron-holes recombination and increase electrons lifetime in DSSCs.
A perfect triangular dysprosium single-molecule magnet with virtually antiparallel Ising-like anisotropy
Authors: Lu Guang , Liu Yang , Deng Wei , Huang Guo-Zhang , Chen Yan-Cong , Liu Jun-Liang , Ni Zhao-Ping , Giansiracusa Marcus , Chilton Nicholas F. , Tong Ming-Liang
Published: July 2020

A perfect triangular Dy3 single-molecule magnet was reported. Each Dy(iii) magnetic axis is oriented almost normal to the plane of Dy3, and the intramolecular magnetic dipole interaction gives rise to a virtually antiparallel Ising-like ground state.
π–π stacked DNA G-wire nanostructures formed by a short G-rich oligonucleotide containing a 3′–3′ inversion of polarity site
Authors: Marzano Maria , Falanga Andrea P. , Dardano Principia , D'Errico Stefano , Rea Ilaria , Terracciano Monica , De Stefano Luca , Piccialli Gennaro , Borbone Nicola , Oliviero Giorgia
Published: July 2020

Rod-shaped G-wire assemblies potentially useful to obtain new hybrid and conducting materials were obtained by annealing short G-rich oligonucleotides incorporating a 3′–3′ inversion of polarity site in the presence of potassium or ammonium ions.
Promising reagents for difluoroalkylation
Authors: Dong Dao-Qing , Yang Huan , Shi Jun-Lian , Si Wen-Jia , Wang Zu-Li , Xu Xin-Ming
Published: July 2020

This review describes recent advances in difluoroalkylation reactions using different substrates.
Biodegradable reduction and pH dual-sensitive polymer micelles based on poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) for efficient delivery of curcumin
Authors: Zhang Hena , Liu Xiaojun , Xu Ting , Xu Kang , Du Baixiang , Li Yuling
Published: July 2020

A series of disulfide-linked amphiphilic polymers polyoxaline-SS-poly(lactide) (PEtOx-SS-PLA) were prepared and self-assembled into nano-micelles in water.
Color tuning of Bi3+-doped double-perovskite Ba2(Gd1−x,Lux)NbO6 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) solid solution compounds via crystal field modulation for white LEDs
Authors: Tang Xufang , Jin Dingfeng , Zhao Jun , Jin Min
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, rare-earth-free color-tunable solid solutions are receiving great attention.
A simple multiple centrifugation method for large-area homogeneous perovskite CsPbBr3 films with optical lasing
Authors: Lu Chang-Gui , Hu Xue-Fang , Xu Shu-Hong , Liu Hong-Gui , Xu Jing-Kun , Cui Yi-Ping , Wang Chun-Lei
Published: July 2020

Large scale cesium lead-halide (CsPbX3, X = Cl, Br, and I) perovskite films have become the basis of laser applications.
The mechanochemical Scholl reaction as a versatile synthesis tool for the solvent-free generation of microporous polymers
Authors: Krusenbaum Annika , Grätz Sven , Bimmermann Sarah , Hutsch Stefanie , Borchardt Lars
Published: July 2020

Herein we report the mechanochemical Scholl polymerization of 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene in a high speed ball mill.
Improved electrochemical performance of anode materials for high energy density lithium-ion batteries through Sn(SnO2)–SiO2/graphene-based nanocomposites prepared by a facile and low-cost approach
Authors: Namsar Orapim , Autthawong Thanaphat , Laokawee Viratchara , Boonprachai Ruttapol , Haruta Mitsutaka , Kurata Hiroki , Yu Aishui , Chairuangsri Torranin , Sarakonsri Thapanee
Published: July 2020

Novel anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, nanocomposites of Sn (or SnO2) and SiO2 with graphene-based sheets (GO, rGO and NrGO), were synthesized by a facile and low-cost technique. The capacity of all composites was relatively high as compared to traditional graphite.
Superacid-doped polyaniline as a soluble polymeric active electrolyte for supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Zheng Renhao , Chen Yuxin , Bai Hua , Zhang Tong-Yi
Published: July 2020

Emeraldine salt solution was obtained with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid as the dopant and used as an active electrolyte in a supercapacitor.
A novel redox bromide-ion additive hydrogel electrolyte for flexible Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors with boosted energy density and controllable zinc deposition
Authors: Han Lu , Huang Hailong , Li Junfeng , Zhang Xinlu , Yang Zhongli , Xu Min , Pan Likun
Published: July 2020

A novel redox bromide-ion additive hydrogel electrolyte was designed for flexible Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors to improve their energy density.
Energy storage performance of ferroelectric ZrO2 film capacitors: effect of HfO2:Al2O3 dielectric insert layer
Authors: Silva J. P. B. , Silva J. M. B. , Sekhar K. C. , Palneedi H. , Istrate M. C. , Negrea R. F. , Ghica C. , Chahboun A. , Pereira M. , Gomes M. J. M.
Published: July 2020

High energy density of 54.3 J cm−3 with an efficiency of 51.3% was obtained for the ZrO2 film capacitors with 2 nm-thick HAO insert layer.
High entropy alloy electrocatalysts: a critical assessment of fabrication and performance
Authors: Tomboc Gracita M. , Kwon Taehyun , Joo Jinwhan , Lee Kwangyeol
Published: July 2020

Critical assessment of the present status of HEA NPs as catalysts, including an in-depth discussion of computational studies, combinatorial screening, or machine-learning studies to find the optimum composition and structure of HEA electrocatalysts.
Rational design of reversibly photochromic molecules with aggregation-induced emission by introducing photoactive thienyl and benzothienyl groups
Authors: Zhou Shasha , Guo Sidan , Liu Weidong , Yang Qiaoying , Sun Huili , Ding Riqing , Qian Zhaosheng , Feng Hui
Published: July 2020

A general strategy to design reversible photochromic molecules with solid-state fluorescence by introducing photoactive thienyl and benzothienyl groups into an AIE-active molecular skeleton was proposed.
Observational indications of magneto-optical effects in the scattering polarization wings of the Ca I 4227 Å line
Authors: Capozzi Emilia , Ballester Ernest Alsina , Belluzzi Luca , Bianda Michele , Dhara Sajal Kumar , Ramelli Renzo
Published: July 2020

Context. Several strong resonance lines, such as H I Ly-α, Mg II k, Ca II K, and Ca I 4227 Å, are characterized by deep and broad absorption profiles in the solar intensity spectrum. These resonance lines show conspicuous linear scattering polarization signals when observed in quiet regions close to the solar limb. Such signals show a characteristic triplet-peak structure with a sharp peak in the line core and extended wing lobes. The line core peak is sensitive to the presence of magnetic fields through the Hanle effect, which however is known not to operate in the line wings. Recent theoretical studies indicate that, contrary to what was previously believed, the wing linear polarization signals are also sensitive to the magnetic field through magneto-optical (MO) effects.

Aims. We search for observational indications of this recently discovered physical mechanism in the scattering polarization wings of the Ca I 4227 Å line.

Methods. We performed a series of spectropolarimetric observations of this line using the Zurich IMaging POLarimeter camera at the Gregory-Coudé telescope at Istituto Ricerche Solari Locarno in Switzerland and at the GREGOR telescope in Tenerife (Spain).

Results. Spatial variations of the total linear polarization degree and linear polarization angle are clearly appreciable in the wings of the observed line. We provide a detailed discussion of our observational results, showing that the detected variations always take place in regions in which longitudinal magnetic fields are present, thus supporting the theoretical prediction that they are produced by MO effects.
Development of an effective way to increase the biological activity of nicotinamide – a new strategy to protect against photoageing and skin neoplasia
Authors: Uspenskaya Elena , Pleteneva Tatyana , Syroeshkin Anton , Kasymova Ilaha , Zakharova Nataliya
Published: July 2020

The objective of this work is to demonstrate changes in properties and increase of biological activity of nicotinamide (NAM) substance for skin protectants activated by mechanical activation (MA). To assess the physical, chemical and biological properties of NAM were used biotesting by the Spirotox-method, direct and indirect optical methods (microscopy, laser diffraction), infrared spectroscopy, pH-metry. The results of the study showed an increase in biological activity, expressed in changes in the energy of activation of cell transition to the “dead cell” state on the example of biosensor Spirostomum ambiguum. Also we indicated an increase in the rate of the chemical process of dissolution of mechanoactivated molecular crystals of nicotinamide (NAM) expressed in the values of the first order rate constant. Mechanical activation at a high rate of NAM substance powder deformation has led to changes in physical, chemical and biological properties of the drug, which can be used in medicine to increase efficiency and reduce doses of pharmacotherapy.
Research of mental health of elderly people in post-labor period of life
Authors: Taysaeva Svetlana , Shukshina Liudmila , Kamneva Olga , Skripnikova Natalia , Gazzayeva Madina
Published: July 2020

Preservation of mental health in old age is an important area of research in modern psychology and psychiatry. The article discusses possible reasons for the decline in mental health of elderly people and the search for factors that would contribute to the preservation of mental health in the post-labor period. It is noted that a significant role herein is given to environmental factors. The study showed that self-acceptance, acceptance of others, internality, optimal level of self-esteem (adequacy), moderate external activity, self-realization, emotional comfort, optimistic attitude to the future, interest in social problems are the main factors of mental health preservation in old age. Women are more socialized in society than men, so men are more likely to be at risk.
Orthopedic rehabilitation of elderly cancer patients as a technology of longevity
Authors: Karaseva Vera V. , Elovikova Tatyana M. , Zholudev Sergey E. , Koshcheev Anatoly S. , Prihodkin Artem S.
Published: July 2020

Defects after resection of the upper jaw lead to communication of the oral cavity with the nasal cavity, chewing disorders, aesthetic problems and other functional disorders. The aim of the study is to assess the dental status and quality of life of elderly patients with upper jaw defects, as a technology of longevity, at the stage of orthopedic rehabilitation. 24 patients were examined, divided into two groups of 12 people aged from 58 to 74 years. The main group – patients after resection of the upper jaw for malignant neoplasms. Buccal epithelial cells and quality of life of patients were studied before and after prosthetics. After orthopedic rehabilitation, there is a tendency to restore the barrier properties of the oral mucosa and improve the quality of life of patients. Orthopedic rehabilitation of patients with upper jaw defects using obturator prostheses is an appropriate and non-invasive method of treatment for the elderly.
Age-related differences in decision-making process in the context of healthy aging
Authors: Zakirov Felix , Krasilnikov Arsenty
Published: July 2020

During aging cognitive functions change differently from others. Unlike most of the body systems, there is no clear decline pattern in cognitive processes. One of the most significant cognitive processes is decision-making, which defines social interactions, economical relationships, and risky behavior. Among factors influence decisionmaking process, individual lifelong experience is considered to be an important one. Obviously, older adults have more life experience, than the younger groups. However, the former often do not tend to rational choices and beneficial strategies. In this case it is important to assess how aging processes in brain contribute into searching for the most beneficial option during decision-making. On the basis of today’s studies about risky behavior, judgement of fairness, financial games, and modern neuroimaging data this review will observe and discuss age-related differences in decision-making. Thus, a correct cognitive profile of older adult in decision-making context can be determined.
Change in the structure of reverse memory development in senile age
Authors: Shukshina Liudmila , Taysaeva Svetlana , Skripnikova Natalia , Kuznetsova Yuliya
Published: July 2020

Aging is a universal and inevitable process. It is natural to all organs and systems of the body, even under optimal genetic and environmental conditions. Not all organs and systems age simultaneously or at the same rate. However, for most of them aging processes begin long before the onset of old age — in the period of early and middle adulthood. Many of the aging effects are undetectable until late adulthood as aging processes are gradual and most of the body’s systems have significant reserves. Memory is the most important characteristic of all mental processes, it ensures the unity and integrity of a human personality, in which the processes of aging are vividly manifested.
The results of clinical trial on immunogenicity of adjuvanted quadrivalent inactivated subunit influenza vaccine Grippol Quadrivalent in pediatric population 6 to 17 years old
Authors: Kovtun O.P. , Romanenko V.V. , Feldblum I.V. , Sabitov A.U. , Ankudinova A.V.
Published: July 2020

Russian health care workers currently use trivalent influenza vaccines with a strain of a single lineage of type B virus. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the immunogenicity of an adjuvanted quadrivalent inactivated subunit influenza vaccine Grippol Quadrivalent in pediatric population 6 to 17 years old. We compared this new vaccine to a trivalent Grippol Plus vaccine in terms of immunogenicity against certain strains of influenza virus. A multicenter double-blind randomized controlled clinical study was conducted in 440 pediatric subjects (age groups: 6 to 11; 12 to 17 y.o.); 221 subjects received Grippol Quadrivalent, 219 – Grippol Plus. Vaccine immunogenicity was evaluated by seroprotection rate (SPR), seroconversion rate (SCR), geometric mean titer (GMT) of antibodies, and an X-fold rise in antibodies level (↑GMT). Antibodies quantification was done using hemagglutination inhibition assay (HAI) in serial serum dilutions. No significant differences were found between the two vaccines’ performance against A(H1N1), A(H3N2) strains or Victoria B virus. With respect to type A virus, both vaccines satisfied three of CPMP criteria (SPR, SCR, ↑GMT). With respect to Victoria B virus, the two vaccines met but one CPMP criterion (↑GMT). The immunogenicity against Yamagata B virus was evaluated only for Grippol Quadrivalent vaccine which met two of CPMP requirements (SCR, ↑GMT). Our findings suggest that in terms of its prophylactic efficiency, Grippol Quadrivalent vaccine is no inferior to the Grippol Plus one.
Improving the effectiveness of treatment of chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis in cadets of the Ufa Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation who are under psychoemotional stress
Authors: Sitdikova Olesya , Kabirova Milyausha , Gerasimova Larisa , Sitdikova Lida
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the psychoemotional stress level on the development of chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis, to suggest a treatment regimen using a complex of glycine and burnet (Sanguisorba) phytocomposition. Materials and methods. In a clinical study based on the dental office of the medical unit No. 1 of the medical and sanitary unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in the Republic of Bashkortostan (city of Ufa) involved 77 patients aged from 18 to 25 years with chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis. Results. The use of the proposed complex of glycine and burnet phytocomposition in gel form is convenient to use, since it allows to increase the exposure time on the oral mucosa and provides an optimal concentration of drugs to achieve the fastest therapeutic effect. Conclusion. The study proved the role of stress factors in the genesis of periodontal injuries. The immunosuppressive effect of stress stimulations directly affects the hygienic status of the oral cavity. This medicinal composition of glycine and burnet phytocomposition has demonstrated effectiveness and ease of use. It requires further introduction as an additional tool in the treatment of chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis against the background of psychoemotional stress.
The combined approach to evaluation of mechanical behavior of tooth enamel in artificially induced caries lesions
Authors: Galkin Sergey , Levitskaya Anna , Gileva Olga , Libik Tatiana , Lomiashvili Larisa
Published: July 2020

Improved knowledge of caries initiation and progression on the base of modern mechanobiology could facilitate effective preventing and therapeutic strategies. Not all of previously developed experimental models of artificial caries comply with required standards. The aim of the study was to investigate microstructural and mechanical properties of 12 artificial caries lesions, induced on human intact premolars according to original protocol. The tooth specimens were subjected to imaging by X-ray CT system Nikon Metrology XT H 225, with further morphometric analysis of lesion geometry, depth, surface layer thickness and mineral density in the areas of interest. Mechanical characteristics (penetration depth, microhardness, elastic modulus) in enamel lesion, perifocal intact enamel and remote zones were obtained using Micro CombiTester system. Clinically all lesions fully corresponded to ICDAS – 2 code. According to µCT data, LDµCT of the lesions ranged from 346.4 to 531 µm, mineral density range from 2.03±0.15 g/cm3 in transparent zone to 1.05±0.08 g/cm3 in the surface zone of the lesion. Microhardness of demineralized enamel lesion more than 5 times reduced in comparison with perifocal and remote intact enamel. Nanoindentation and µCT data are corresponds to those presenting on the base of other classical protocols of artificial caries formation and close to the typical mechanical characteristics of enamel caries in vivo.
Bildgebung bei Mediastinaltumoren
Authors: Ley Sebastian , Ley-Zaporozhan Julia
Published: July 2020

Die Einteilung des Mediastinums erfolgt anhand computertomografischer Aufnahmen in ein ventrales prävaskuläres, mittleres viszerales und dorsales paravertebrales Kompartiment. In den einzelnen Kompartimenten kommen verschiedene Tumorentitäten besonders häufig vor, die entsprechend kurz vorgestellt werden. Im Folgenden werden die typischen bildmorphologischen Zeichen in Röntgen, Sonografie, CT und MRT vorgestellt. Mithilfe der morphologischen Kriterien lassen sich oftmals einzelne Läsionstypen bzw. deren Malignitätsgrad nicht ausreichend abgrenzen. Daher spielen vor allem die funktionellen Informationen im PET und der MRT eine wichtige Rolle zur nicht invasiven Klassifikation. Zur Sicherung einer histologischen Diagnose steht mit den CT-gesteuerten Biopsiemöglichkeiten eine ambulant durchzuführende Option mit hoher diagnostischer Genauigkeit und geringen Komplikationen zur Verfügung.
Placental Mesenchymal Dysplasia: Ultrasound Characteristics and
Diagnostic Pitfalls
Authors: Psarris Alexandros , Sindos Michail , Kourtis Ploutarchos , Pampanos Andreas , Antsaklis Panagiotis , Theodora Marianna , Chondrogianni Maria Eleni , Morphopoulos Georgios , Loutradis Dimitrios , Daskalakis Georgios
Published: July 2020

Placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) is a rare, benign developmental anomaly with a
reported prevalence of 0.02% (Arizawa and Nakayama, 2002). It is
characterized by placentomegaly with multiple cystic lesions of the stem villi and
vascular anomalies (Pawoo and Heller, 2014). Early detection of PMD has been
described during routine prenatal ultrasound (Vaisbuch et al., 2009). The
sonographic characteristics of PMD include increased placental thickness and
multiple cystic areas within the placenta with either an absence of blood flow or
with low venous Doppler signals (Vaisbuch et al., 2009). The differential diagnosis
of multicystic placental lesions with the presence of a live fetus include partial
molar pregnancy, multiple hematomas, chorioangioma Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and
PMD. Chorioangiomas are well circumscribed masses within the placenta and they are
characterized by the presence of a single feeding vessel with the same pulse rate as
the umbilical cord (Zalel et al., 2002). Invasive prenatal testing is required for
the exclusion of partial molar pregnancy and Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (Vaisbuch
et al., 2009). Definitive diagnosis of PMD is based on the pathologic examination of
the placenta. Histology reveals aneurysm or dilated blood vessels that may be
thrombosed. The stem villi are edematous and enlarged with thick-walled vessels,
without trophoblastic proliferation (Pawoo and Heller, 2014). This case report
highlights the significance of the early detection of PMD, illustrates the pitfalls
in differential diagnosis and provides valuable insights regarding PMD management in
a clinical setting.
Prediction of Hypoglycemia During Admission of Non-Critically Ill
Patients: Results from the MENU Study
Authors: Khanimov Israel , Ditch Meital , Adler Henriett , Giryes Sami , Felner Burg Noa , Boaz Mona , Leibovitz Eyal
Published: July 2020

The objective of the work was to study admission parameters associated with
an increased incidence of hypoglycemia during hospitalization of
non-critically ill patients. Included in this cross-sectional study were
patients admitted to internal medicine units. The Nutritional Risk Screening
2002 (NRS2002) was used for nutritional screening. Data recorded included
admission serum albumin (ASA) and all glucose measurements obtained by the
institutional blood glucose monitoring system. Neither of these are included
in the NRS2002 metrics. Hypoalbuminemia was defined as ASA<3.5
g/dl. Patients were categorized as hypoglycemic if they had at least
one documented glucose≤70 mg/dl during the hospitalization
period. Included were 1342 patients [median age 75 years (IQR
61–84), 51.3% male, 52.5% with diabetes mellitus,
(DM)], who were screened during three distinct periods of time from
2011–2018. The incidence of hypoglycemia was 10.8% with
higher rates among DM patients (14.6 vs. 6.6%, p<0.001).
Hypoglycemia incidence was negatively associated with ASA regardless of DM
status. Multivariable regression showed that ASA (OR 0.550 per g/dl,
95% CI 0.387–0.781, p=0.001) and positive NRS2002
(OR 1.625, 95% CI 1.072–2.465, p=0.022) were
significantly associated with hypoglycemia. The addition of hypoalbuminemia
status to the NRS2002 tool improved the overall sensitivity from 0.55 to
0.71, but reduced specificity from 0.63 to 0.46. The negative predictive
value was 0.93. Our data suggest that the combination of positive
malnutrition screen and hypoalbuminemia upon admission are independently
associated with the incidence of hypoglycemia among non-critically ill
patients, regardless of diabetes mellitus status.
Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase (Nnt) is Related to
Obesity in Mice
Authors: Kunath Anne , Heiker John T. , Kern Matthias , Kosacka Joanna , Flehmig Gesine , Stumvoll Michael , Kovacs Peter , Blüher Matthias , Klöting Nora
Published: July 2020

The C57BL/6J (B6J) mouse strain has been widely used as a control
strain for the study of metabolic diseases and diet induced obesity (DIO).
B6J mice carry a spontaneous deletion mutation in the nicotinamide
nucleotide transhydrogenase (Nnt) gene eliminating exons
7–11, resulting in expression of a truncated form of Nnt, an
enzyme that pumps protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. It has
been proposed that this mutation in B6J mice is associated with epigonadal
fat mass and altered sensitivity to diet induced obesity. To define the role
of Nnt in the development of diet induced obesity, we generated first
backcross (BC1) hybrids of wild type Nnt C57BL/6NTac and
mutated Nnt C57BL/6JRj
[(C57BL/6NTac×C57BL/6JRj)F1×C57BL/6NTac].
Body weight gain and specific fat-pad depot mass were measured in BC1
hybrids under high fat diet conditions. Both sexes of BC1 hybrids indicate
that mice with Nnt wild type allele are highly sensitive to DIO and
exhibit higher relative fat mass. In summary, our data indicate that the
Nnt mutation in mice is associated with sensitivity to DIO and
fat mass.
Recent Advances of 1,3,5-Triazinanes in Aminomethylation and Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Chen Jia-Rong , Liang Dong , Xiao Wen-Jing
Published: July 2020

1,3,5-Trisubstituted 1,3,5-triazinanes (hexahydro-1,3,5-triazines), as stable and readily available surrogates for formaldimines, have found extensive applications for the construction of various nitrogen-containing compounds. The formaldimines, formed in situ from this reagent class, can participate in various aminomethylation and cycloaddition­ reactions. This short review presents recent advances in this field with emphasis on the conceptual ideas behind the developed methodologies and the reaction mechanisms.

1 Introduction

2 Aminomethylations with 1,3,5-Triazinanes

3 Cycloadditions with 1,3,5-Triazinanes

3.1 Use of 1,3,5-Triazinanes as Two-Atom Synthons

3.2 Use of 1,3,5-Triazinanes as Three-Atom Synthons

3.3 Use of 1,3,5-Triazinanes as Four-Atom Synthons

3.4 Use of 1,3,5-Triazinanes as Six-Atom Synthons

4 Conclusions
Endoscopic Biliary Stenting for Portal Biliopathy Perforating Paracholedochal Collateral: A Rare Complication
Authors: Goyal Kartik , Varshney Vaibhav Kumar , Hussain Sabir , Garg Pawan Kumar , Bhargava Narender
Published: July 2020

Extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO) usually presents with upper gastrointestinal bleed in the first decade of life. Symptomatic portal hypertensive biliopathy is seen in a minority of patients with EHPVO. With use of endoscopic intervention, biliary drainage is maintained in these patients. Various procedural complications have been linked while performing endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and stenting; however, these are managed conservatively. Here, we are highlighting a case of EHPVO with symptomatic portal biliopathy in which the patient bled from paracholedochal collateral after biliary stenting and was managed successfully with a multidisciplinary approach.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Biliary Atresia Patients with Native Liver or Transplantation
Authors: Rodijk Lyan H. , Schins Eke M. W. , Witvliet Marieke J. , Verkade Henkjan J. , de Kleine Ruben H. , Hulscher Jan B. F. , Bruggink Janneke L. M.
Published: July 2020

Introduction We aimed to assess health-related quality of life (HrQoL) in biliary atresia (BA) patients, based on original data and a literature review, and to determine factors associated with their HrQoL.

Materials and Methods We reviewed available studies describing HrQoL in BA patients. We assessed HrQoL in Dutch BA patients (6–16 years) using the validated Child Health Questionnaire. We compared HrQoL scores in BA patients with healthy peers and with children who had undergone major surgery in infancy or children with chronic conditions. We determined the relationship between specific patient-related factors and HrQoL.

Results Literature data indicated that HrQoL in children with BA is lower than in healthy peers. In Dutch BA patients (n = 38; age 10 ± 3 years), parent-proxy physical HrQoL (48 ± 11) was significantly lower compared with two reference groups of healthy peers (59 ± 4 and 56 ± 6, respectively, each p < 0.001), and lower than in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (60 ± 5), asthma (54 ± 6), attending a cardiology clinic (52 ± n/r), congenital diaphragmatic hernia (53 ± 7) or D-transposition of the great arteries (54 ± 6; all p < 0.05). Psychosocial HrQoL (50 ± 9) was lower than in healthy peers (54 ± 6, p = 0.02, and 53 ± 6, p = 0.07) and children with asthma (54 ± 6, p = 0.02), and largely comparable to children with other chronic conditions. Parent-proxy physical HrQoL was adversely related to adverse medical event in the past year, special education, and motor impairments; psychosocial HrQoL was adversely related to behavioral problems.

Conclusion Children with BA are at risk of impaired HrQoL. Special attention is warranted for children with adverse medical events and special education.