bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluasi Kesesuaian Elemen Taman terhadap Tujuan Pembangunan Taman Aktif di Kecamatan Bogor Utara
Authors: Azwinur
Published: August 2019

Taman kota adalah taman yang berada di lingkungan perkotaan. Taman kota dapat mengantisipasi dampak negatif yang akan timbul dengan perkembangan kota dan dapat dinikmati oleh seluruh warga kota. Taman kota juga merupakan bagian dari ruang terbuka hijau (RTH), yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup lingkungan perkotaan dengan berbagai fungsi sebagai atraksi, fungsi estetika, fungsi ekologis, dan nilai pendidikan. Saat ini, taman kota di Kota Bogor sedang dikembangkan, salah satunya, di Kecamatan Bogor Utara. Berdasarkan intensitas taman kota, taman terbagi menjadi taman aktif dan pasif. Dengan bertambahnya jumlah pengunjung, perlu dilakukan pemeliharaan, pengelolaan,dan evaluasi untuk mencegah penurunan kualitas dan fungsi taman. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama enam bulan dan berlokasi di dua taman kota di Kecamatan Bogor Utara, yaitu Taman Palupuh, dan Taman Corat-Coret. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian elemen taman terhadap tujuan pembangun Taman Palupuh, dan Taman Corat-Coret. Tahapan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah persiapan, inventarisasi/pengumpulan data, analisis data, sintesis,dan rekomendasi penyesuaian elemen taman dengan tujuan taman. Hasil akhir penelitian ini berupa rekomendasi yang diberikan pada masing-masing taman yang akan dijadikan acuan bagi pemerintah daerah dan pihak terkait, dalam pemeliharaan fasilitas dan vegetasi pada taman kota. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian terhadap vegetasi, Taman Palupuh memiliki skor kesesuaian 373 %, sedangkan Taman Corat-Coret memiliki skor kesesuaian 349%. Maka vegetasi pada kedua taman ini di nilai cukup sesuai. Selanjutnya, penilaian terhadap fasilitas, Taman Palupuh memiliki 12 fasilitas yang tersedia, lima diantaranya tidak berfungsi dengan baik (rusak). Taman Corat-Coret memiliki 9 fasilitas dan semua berfungsi dengan baik. Maka fasilitas yang terdapat pada kedua taman dinilai cukup sesuai, namun perlu perawatan yang intens agar semua fasilitas dapat berfungsi dan digunakan oleh pengunjung.
Latent features in similarity judgments: A nonparametric Bayesian approach
Authors: Navarro Danielle , Griffiths Tom
Published: August 2019

One of the central problems in cognitive science is determining the mental representations that underlie human inferences. Solutions to this problem often rely on the analysis of subjective similarity judgments, on the assumption that recognizing likenesses between people, objects, and events is crucial to everyday inference. One such solution is provided by the additive clustering model, which is widely used to infer the features of a set of stimuli from their similarities, on the assumption that similarity is a weighted linear function of common features. Existing approaches for implementing additive clustering often lack a complete framework for statistical inference, particularly with respect to choosing the number of features. To address these problems, this article develops a fully Bayesian formulation of the additive clustering model, using methods from nonparametric Bayesian statistics to allow the number of features to vary. We use this to explore several approaches to parameter estimation, showing that the nonparametric Bayesian approach provides a straightforward way to obtain estimates of both the number of features and their importance.
Watching television in a home environment: effect on children’s attention, comprehension and behavior
Authors: Rose Sarah E , Lamont Alexandra , Reyland Nicholas
Published: August 2019

Correlational studies have suggested some harmful effects of television (TV) viewing in early childhood, especially for the viewing of fast-paced entertainment programs. However, this has not been consistently supported by experimental studies, many of which have lacked ecological validity. The current study explores the effects of pace of program on the attention, problem solving and comprehension of 41 3- and 4-year-olds using an ecologically valid experimental design. Children were visited twice at home; on each visit they were shown an episode of a popular animated entertainment program which differed in pace: one faster paced, one slower paced. Children’s behavior was coded for attention and arousal during viewing, attention, effort and performance after viewing during a problem-solving task, and comprehension of the program. The faster paced program was attended to more, but this had no impact on comprehension. Although 3-year-olds showed more attention and effort on the problem-solving task after watching the slower program, both 3- and 4-year-olds completed more problems successfully after watching the faster program. The results provide evidence to counter the ‘harm’ perceived in young children watching fast-paced entertainment programs as where differences were found it was the fast-paced program which appeared to have a cognitive facilitation effect.
Nice Guys Check Twice
Authors: Howard Zachary L , Garrett Paul Michael , Little Daniel R. , Townsend James T. , Eidels Ami
Published: August 2019

Systems Factorial Technology (SFT) is a popular framework for that has been used to investigate processing capacity across many psychological domains over the past 25+ years. To date, it had been assumed that no processing resources are used for sources in which no signal has been presented (i.e., in a location that can contain a signal but does not on a given trial). Hence, response times are purely driven by the ``signal-containing'' location or locations. This assumption is critical to the underlying mathematics of the capacity coefficient measure of SFT. In this manuscript, we show that stimulus locations influence response times even when they contain no signal, and that this influence has repercussions for the interpretation of processing capacity under the SFT framework, particularly in conjunctive (AND) tasks - where positive responses require detection of signals in multiple locations. We propose a modification to the AND task requiring participants to fully identify both target locations on all trials. This modification allows a new coefficient to be derived. We apply the new coefficient to novel experimental data and resolve a previously reported empirical paradox, where observed capacity was limited in an OR detection task but super capacity in an AND detection task. Hence, previously reported differences in processing capacity between OR and AND task designs are likely to have been spurious.
Modeling individual differences using Dirichlet processes
Authors: Navarro Danielle , Griffiths Tom , Steyvers Mark , Lee Michael David
Published: August 2019

We introduce a Bayesian framework for modeling individual differences, in which subjects are assumed to belong to one of a potentially infinite number of groups. In this model, the groups observed in any particular data set are not viewed as a fixed set that fully explains the variation between individuals, but rather as representatives of a latent, arbitrarily rich structure. As more people are seen, and more details about the individual differences are revealed, the number of inferred groups is allowed to grow. We use the Dirichlet process—a distribution widely used in nonparametric Bayesian statistics—to define a prior for the model, allowing us to learn flexible parameter distributions without overfitting the data, or requiring the complex computations typically required for determining the dimensionality of a model. As an initial demonstration of the approach, we present three applications that analyze the individual differences in category learning, choice of publication outlets, and web browsing behavior.
Unifying rational models of categorization via the hierarchical Dirichlet process
Authors: Griffiths Tom , Canini Kevin , Sanborn Adam N , Navarro Danielle
Published: August 2019

Models of categorization make different representational assumptions, with categories being represented by prototypes, sets of exemplars, and everything in between. Rational models of categorization justify these representational assumptions in terms of different schemes for estimating probability distributions. However, they do not answer the question of which scheme should be used in representing a given category. We show that existing rational models of categorization are special cases of a statistical model called the hierarchical Dirichlet process, which can be used to automatically infer a representation of the appropriate complexity for a given category.
Common and distinctive features in stimulus representation: A modified version of the contrast model
Authors: Navarro Danielle , Lee Michael David
Published: August 2019

Featural representations of similarity data assume that people represent stimuli in terms of a set of discrete properties. We consider the differences in featural representations that arise from making four differefeant assumptions about how similarity is measured. Three of these similarity models - the common features model, the distinctive features model, and Tversky’s seminal contrast model - have been considered previously. The other model is new, and modifies the contrast model by assuming that each individual feature only ever acts as a common or distinctive feature. Each of the four models is tested on previously examined similarity data, relating to kinship terms, and on a new data set, relating to faces. In fitting the models, we use the Geometric Complexity Criterion to balance the competing demands of data-fit and model complexity. The results show that both common and distinctive features are important for stimulus representation, and we argue that the modified contrast model combines these two components in a more effective and interpretable way than Tversky’s original formulation.
NML, Bayes and true distributions
Authors: Grünwald Peter , Navarro Danielle
Published: August 2019

We review the normalized maximum likelihood (NML) criterion for selecting among competing models. NML is generally justified on information-theoretic grounds, via the principle of minimum description length (MDL), in a derivation that “does not assume the existence of a true, data-generating distribution.” Since this “agnostic” claim has been a source of some recent confusion in the psychological literature, we explain in detail what is meant by this statement. In doing so we discuss the work presented by Karabatsos and Walker (2006), who propose an alternative Bayesian decision-theoretic characterization of NML, which leads them to conclude that the claim of agnosticity is meaningless. In the KW derivation, one part of the NML criterion (the likelihood term) arises from placing a Dirichlet process prior over possible data-generating distributions, and the other part (the complexity term) is folded into a loss function. Whereas in the original derivations of NML, the complexity term arises naturally, in the KW derivation its mathematical form is taken for granted and not explained any further. We argue that for this reason, the KW characterization is incomplete; relatedly, we question the relevance of the characterization and we argue that their main conclusion about agnosticity does not follow.
How do people learn from negative evidence? Non-monotonic generalizations and sampling assumptions in inductive reasoning
Authors: Voorspoels Wouter , Navarro Danielle , Perfors Andrew , Ransom Keith , Storms Gert
Published: August 2019

A robust finding in category-based induction tasks is for positive observations to raise the willingness to generalize to other categories while negative observations lower the willingness to generalize. This pattern is referred to as monotonic generalization. Across three experiments we find systematic non-monotonicity effects, in which negative observations raise the willingness to generalize. Experiments 1 and 2 show that this effect emerges in hierarchically structured domains when a negative observation from a different category is added to a positive observation. They also demonstrate that this is related to a specific kind of shift in the reasoner’s hypothesis space. Experiment 3 shows that the effect depends on the assumptions that the reasoner makes about how inductive arguments are constructed. Non-monotonic reasoning occurs when people believe the facts were put together by a helpful communicator, but monotonicity is restored when they believe the observations were sampled randomly from the environment.
Epistemic trust: Modeling children’s reasoning about others’ knowledge and intent
Authors: Shafto Patrick , Eaves Baxter , Navarro Danielle , Perfors Andrew
Published: August 2019

A core assumption of many theories of development is that children can learn indirectly from other people. However, indirect experience (or testimony) is not constrained to provide veridical information. As a result, if children are to capitalize on this source of knowledge, they must be able to infer who is trustworthy and who is not. How might a learner make such inferences while at the same time learning about the world? What biases, if any, might children bring to this problem? We address these questions with a computational model of epistemic trust in which learners reason about the helpfulness and knowledgeability of an informant. We show that the model captures the competencies shown by young children in four areas: (1) using informants’ accuracy to infer how much to trust them; (2) using informants’ recent accuracy to overcome effects of familiarity; (3) inferring trust based on consensus among informants; and (4) using information about mal‐intent to decide not to trust. The model also explains developmental changes in performance between 3 and 4 years of age as a result of changing default assumptions about the helpfulness of other people.
Leaping to conclusions: Why premise relevance affects argument strength
Authors: Ransom Keith , Perfors Andrew , Navarro Danielle
Published: August 2019

Everyday reasoning requires more evidence than raw data alone can provide. We explore the idea that people can go beyond this data by reasoning about how the data was sampled. This idea is investigated through an examination of premise non‐monotonicity, in which adding premises to a category‐based argument weakens rather than strengthens it. Relevance theories explain this phenomenon in terms of people's sensitivity to the relationships among premise items. We show that a Bayesian model of category‐based induction taking premise sampling assumptions and category similarity into account complements such theories and yields two important predictions: First, that sensitivity to premise relationships can be violated by inducing a weak sampling assumption; and second, that premise monotonicity should be restored as a result. We test these predictions with an experiment that manipulates people's assumptions in this regard, showing that people draw qualitatively different conclusions in each case.
The structure of sequential effects
Authors: Gökaydin Dinis , Navarro Danielle , Ma-Wyatt Anna , Perfors Andrew
Published: August 2019

There is a long history of research into sequential effects, extending more than one hundred years. The pattern of sequential effects varies widely with both experimental conditions as well as for different individuals performing the same experiment. Yet this great diversity of results is poorly understood, particularly with respect to individual variation, which save for some passing mentions has largely gone unreported in the literature. Here we seek to understand the way in which sequential effects vary by identifying the causes underlying the differences observed in sequential effects. In order to achieve this goal we perform principal component analysis on a dataset of 158 individual results from participants performing different experiments with the aim of identifying hidden variables responsible for sequential effects. We find a latent structure consisting of 3 components related to sequential effects—2 main and 1 minor. A relationship between the 2 main components and the separate processing of stimuli and of responses is proposed on the basis of previous empirical evidence. It is further speculated that the minor component of sequential effects arises as the consequence of processing delays. Independently of the explanation for the latent variables encountered, this work provides a unified descriptive model for a wide range of different types of sequential effects previously identified in the literature. In addition to explaining individual differences themselves, it is demonstrated how the latent structure uncovered here is useful in understanding the classical problem of the dependence of sequential effects on the interval between successive stimuli.
Designing, Implementing, and Evaluating a Practice Tutor Internship Model during an Acute Care Clinical Internship
Authors: Mori Brenda , Coleman Jaimie , Knott Katey , Newman Kaela , O’Connor Anne
Published: August 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to implement and evaluate a novel internship model that incorporates a practice tutor in physiotherapy clinical education during an acute care cardiorespiratory internship at a large acute tertiary care teaching hospital in Canada. Method: A prospective evaluation of this model was conducted by means of a mixed-methods approach using surveys and focus groups. The participants were students and clinical instructors (CIs) who were taking part in the internship. Results: Half of the CIs agreed that the practice tutor model gave them more time to manage their caseload and work with the student than did the traditional model, and 63% would recommend the model for future internships. In reviewing the focus group and open-ended data, we identified four themes: benefits, tensions, critical logistics, and unforeseen blind spots. There was a trend for patient attendance to increase with the practice tutor model compared with the previous year’s internship session and with the 5 weeks immediately preceding the internship. Conclusions: On the basis of CIs’ and students’ self-reports, the piloted practice tutor model was perceived to facilitate students’ clinical reasoning and collaborative learning skills. In addition, during the 5-week internship, the number of patients seen each day by the individual CIs and their students was not reduced, with a trend toward increased patient attendance. There was also a trend toward CIs having the same or more time to manage their caseload and work with the students compared with a non–practice tutor internship model. Recommendations to improve this model in future implementations are made.
Physiotherapy’s Place in a Rapidly Changing World: A Pan-Canadian Perspective of Threats Facing Practice from the Physio Moves Canada Project, Part 2
Authors: Walton David M.
Published: August 2019

Purpose: In the latter half of 2017, a qualitative exploration of innovations, threats, opportunities, educational priorities, and research needs was conducted by directly engaging 117 physiotherapy (PT) clinicians across Canada. The Physio Moves Canada project was set up to explore, capture, and synthesize the perspectives of academics, front-line clinicians, and administrators on the future of the profession. Method: Participants provided their perceptions of and ideas about the threats expected to face PT practice in the next 5–15 years. The data were collected from a series of nominal-group-technique-based focus groups and one-on-one interviews and then analyzed to condense the ideas generated into themes. Results: Eight themes and 28 sub-themes were identified and are described in a series of three articles. This article, the second, describes the findings identified by the participants on the threats with the following themes: the disruptive role of technology, the influence of changing funding models, and the rapidly changing values and characteristics of PT’s consumer base. These themes and their 9 sub-themes suggest that physiotherapists expect a dramatic shift in their practice settings, roles, and patients in the coming years – an outlook for which the profession may not be prepared. Conclusions: The presentation of these perspectives derived from members of the professional community is expected to enable leaders, educators, and regulators to begin to position PT to address the threats to the profession, identify opportunities for professional growth, and ensure the profession remains relevant in a changing society.
Physiotherapists’ Perspectives on the Threats Facing Their Profession in the Areas of Leadership, Burnout, and Branding: A Pan-Canadian Perspective from the Physio Moves Canada Project, Part 3
Authors: Walton David M.
Published: August 2019

Purpose: Physiotherapist is the professional designation of those who provide physiotherapy (PT). Physiotherapists have earned a reputation as important providers of medical and non-medical rehabilitation for Canadians after injury, illness, or surgery. Despite the fact that physiotherapy has a nearly 100-year presence in Canada, some would suggest that practitioners arguably remain under-recognized for the value they offer to the spectrum of health care. Method: In the latter half of 2017, a cross-Canada qualitative study was conducted through which a subgroup of physiotherapists in every Canadian province and in Yukon Territory volunteered to share their perspectives on the threats facing the current practice of physiotherapy in the next 5–15 years. The data were collected from a series of nominal-group-technique-based focus groups and one-on-one interviews and then analyzed to condense the ideas generated into themes. A total of 117 physiotherapy professionals participated in focus sessions or one-on-one interviews as part of the Physio Moves Canada project, which was set up to explore, capture, and synthesize the perspectives of academics, front-line clinicians, and administrators on the future of the profession. Results: This article, the third in a series, describes the results of the descriptive thematic analysis of three identified threats: issues pertaining to professional leadership and direction, clinician burnout, and clarity of the physiotherapy brand. Informed by 11 sub-themes, the results suggest that participants were concerned about the ability of the professional body to mobilize toward shared and common goals while simultaneously defending against external pressures and internal disagreements on what exactly physiotherapy as a discipline is meant to be. Many respondents also identified reasons for optimism if the professional community is able to work together as a large and motivated single entity. Conclusions: The findings are described in terms of possible directions for priority investment of resources or critical reflection by professional leadership, educators, and regulators.
Using Expert Consensus to Develop a Tool to Assess Physical Therapists’ Knowledge, Skills, and Judgement in Performing Airway Suctioning
Authors: Miller Erin , Brooks Dina , Mori Brenda
Published: August 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a tool to assess physical therapists’ knowledge, skills, and judgement in performing airway suctioning with intubated and non-intubated adults. Method: A modified Delphi methodology was used to develop the tool and to evaluate its sensibility (i.e., common-sense nature). Participants were experienced cardiorespiratory physical therapists who perform airway suctioning and physical therapists employed in academic positions related to cardiorespiratory physical therapy at Canadian universities. Round 1 focused on refining which items to include in the tool, Round 2 focused on finalizing the items, and Round 3 focused on evaluating a preliminary version of the tool. Results: A total of 34 individuals participated in Round 1, 30 participated in Round 2, and 25 participated in Round 3. A literature review identified 11 relevant domains and 69 supporting competencies. In Round 1, consensus was achieved for all domains; however, it was borderline for the professionalism domain. Multiple participants suggested that it was redundant because it is a global requirement for all physical therapists. Consensus was also achieved for 64 of the 69 supporting competencies; however, it was borderline for 5 of these items, and 5 achieved no consensus. In Round 2, participants rated a series of recommendations related to items requiring further consideration, as well as 9 new items suggested by the participants in Round 1. In Round 3, the preliminary tool was found to be globally sensible, but concerns were expressed about the inclusion of redundant factors and the tool’s length. The tool was revised, resulting in a tool with 4 domains, 6 sub-domains and 43 supporting competencies, as well as an item rating the individual’s overall performance. Conclusions: The final-round sensibility questionnaire provided preliminary evidence of the tool’s face and content validity. We will investigate the tool’s measurement properties in a future study.
Reliability and Feasibility of Extended Field of View Ultrasound Imaging Techniques for Measuring the Limb Muscle Cross-Sectional Area
Authors: Kwan Lowell , Nishihara Kanako , Cheung Aaron , D’Amico Claire , Hart Alex , Keshwani Nadia , Mathur Sunita
Published: August 2019

Purpose: Panoramic ultrasound imaging (pUSI) is an extended field of view (FOV) imaging technique that enables visualization of larger muscles; however, it is not available in all ultrasound systems. Using an acoustic standoff pad that is compatible with any ultrasound system may be an alternative method to increase FOV, but it has not been used to evaluate limb muscles. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and feasibility of using pUSI and an acoustic standoff pad to measure the limb muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA). Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Using pUSI and an acoustic standoff pad, we obtained B-mode ultrasound images of the rectus femoris, biceps brachii, and lateral gastrocnemius muscles of 26 healthy participants on two occasions 7–10 days apart. The agreement between the two methods was determined using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland–Altman plots. Test–retest reliability was assessed using ICCs and standard error of measurement (SEM). The feasibility of acquiring and analyzing the images was evaluated using a Likert scale. Results: The acoustic standoff pad and pUSI demonstrated strong agreement (ICC[3,3] > 0.85); however, the mCSAs were different ( p < 0.05). Test–retest reliability for each technique was high for all muscles (ICC[3,3] > 0.85; SEM = 0.6–1.5 cm2). Image acquisition was highly feasible, but there were some limitations in analyzing the images. Conclusions: pUSI and an acoustic standoff pad are two reliable techniques for measuring mCSA, but the measurements are not directly comparable. Future studies should evaluate the accuracy of the acoustic standoff pad compared with gold-standard methods.
The “Echo Chamber”
Authors: Bensmaïa Réda
Published: August 2019

Is it possible to write something new about an author who has always accompanied his work with his own commentary? In this article, I tried to rise to the challenge by avoiding two pitfalls: on the one hand, that of Psittacism—which consists of repeating the author’s theses by forcing them into a system—and, on the other hand, that of the Reduction to a unified line of thought that would have been underplaying the heterogeneity and pluralism of the theses in question. This led me to highlight some of the issues related to the tactics that Roland Barthes developed in his work: a tactics that will have no other objective than to free oneself from the blackmail of the theory and the delirium that alienate its pretenders.
Languages of Memory: Toward Complementarity of the Mnemonic Spheres of the Algerian War
Authors: El Guabli Brahim
Published: August 2019

The Algerian War (1954–1962) has elicited much scholarly attention in recent years. From the unearthing of the silenced 17 October 1961 events in Paris to the study the Algerian War’s transformation of France, scholars have investigated different aspects of the war. However, scholarship has mainly placed agency with France. This was a result of the focus on French and francophone production at the expense of cultural production in local, non-colonial languages, which articulated local versions of the memories of the Algerian War. I argue that the ongoing debates about the complementarity of languages in the Maghreb provide a fitting framework to theorize how what I call intra-French, Franco-Algerian, and intra-Algerian mnemonic spheres of war complement each other. In emphasizing the centrality of language in my conceptualization of mnemonic spheres and their complementarity, I bring attention to the ethical necessity of juxtaposing cultural production in Amazigh, Arabic, Darija (colloquial Arabic of the Maghreb), and French for the study of memories of this transformative war. Not only does this approach reveal the complexity of war and its memories, but it also demonstrates that Algerians have portrayed their memories of war through their local languages, thus turning them into sites of their mnemonic agency.
The Void in the Principle of Identity
Authors: Hamacher Werner
Published: August 2019

Though utterance assumes at least provisional determination, the very act of forming a proposition, sentence, or principle exposes gaps and indeterminacies in language itself. This essay unravels contradictions in Hegel’s language on the ontological implications of meaning-making, in order to show that language abandons itself even as it seeks to leap from uncertainty into some form of determination. Hegel’s identity principle, as linguistic enactment, reveals itself to be at once self-creative and self-destructive. Ultimately, this essay performs its own unraveling in an improvisational coda that exposes the internal negations of the Satz.
Barthes’s Mythological “Photogeny”
Authors: Rabaté Jean-Michel
Published: August 2019

What is commonly said about Barthes’s semiology of the image is that the later developments, aiming at positing an ontology of the referent, reversed completely the initial analyses of the constructedness of myth. However, by looking at the new translation of Barthes’s Mythologies, one can see that these critical vignettes exhibit a theory of the image that partly anticipates the later meditations on the punctum elaborated in Camera Lucida. Thus, the original concept of “photogeny” deployed in Mythologies can be seen as providing a transition to the later ontology.
Is Modern Mythology Ancient?
Authors: Schrempp Gregory
Published: August 2019

For folklorists, anthropologists, and other scholars of oral tradition, “mythology” typically refers to a genre of narratives whose actions are set in the ancient or primordial past. In his Mythologies, Barthes seems to depart from this scholarly convention by invoking this term and its associated rhetoric to categorize and characterize events and images drawn from the modern world of French and American politics, popular culture, and middle-class values. I argue that despite the nominal modernity of his topics, Barthes almost invariably conjures the power and appeal of ancientness (or eternality, or eternal return) through a variety of subtle strategies that I attempt to lay bare.
Poujade’s Infowars: On Barthes’s Anti-Anti-Intellectualism
Authors: Wampole Christy
Published: August 2019

The French politician Pierre Poujade (1920–2003), who launched a pro-small-business party in the 1950s and was an early mentor to Jean-Marie Le Pen, was famously opposed to intellectuals, the media, and other elites whom he saw as enemies of the people. Roland Barthes’s keen rhetorical analysis of Poujade’s speeches showed the extent of the politician’s anti-intellectualism and offers a helpful guide in deciphering contemporary reactionary rhetoric, which relies on many of the same tropes. Inspired by Barthes’s analysis, this article shows the ways in which Poujade engaged in information warfare in order to advance his agenda.
Roland Barthes after 1968: Critical Theory in the Reactionary Era of New Media
Authors: Wermer-Colan Alex
Published: August 2019

In the reactionary aftermath to the international events of 1968, Roland Barthes reconsidered his previous works of structuralist semiology, especially Mythologies (1957). While taking a post-structuralist turn, Barthes’s late works seek to grapple with a ruling class increasingly immune to enlightenment modes of dialectical critique and satirical demystification. By reconsidering Barthes’s reflections on technological transformations in the era of late capital, this article leverages Barthes’s figuration of the “neutral” to explicate his paradoxical politics of aesthetic resistance. Throughout his array of experimental and speculative writings in the 1970s, Barthes offers insights into the polarized nature of culture and politics in a hyper-mediated society of the spectacle while providing blueprints for modes of subversion finely tuned to persuade those who will not be persuaded.
A new genus representing a new tribe of the family Issidae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoroidea) from the forest canopy of French Guiana
Authors: Gnezdilov V.M.
Published: August 2019

Guianaphryna dendrophila gen. et sp. nov. is described from the forest canopy of Northeastern French Guiana and represents a new tribe, Guianaphrynini trib. nov., of the subfamily Thioniinae. This tribe is characterized by the peculiar structure of the forewings bearing pustules and lacking transverse veins, and of the 3-lobed hind wings with an intermediate poorly sclerotized area between the remigial and remigio-vannal lobes which is replacing the cubital cleft, as well as with a strong intermediate vein between CuP and Pcu at the middle of the wing and rudimentary furcation of the second anal vein.
Prise en charge hémostatique des hémorragies cérébrales sous anticoagulants oraux
Authors: Vigué B. , Samama C.-M.
Published: August 2019

L’hématome intracrânien spontané a un pronostic clinique sévère. Le devenir des patients dépend de l’efficacité de la prise en charge initiale. L’importance du saignement, le volume de l’hématome et son évolution sont les facteurs principaux qui contrôlent mortalité et morbidité. Les traitements anticoagulants oraux, antivitamines K (AVK) et anticoagulants oraux directs (AOD), favorisent l’expansion de l’hématome. La correction rapide de l’hémostase permet le contrôle partiel de l’hématome. Alors que la réversion des AVK par les concentrés de complexe prothrombinique (CCP) a fait l’objet de recommandations bien diffusées, l’attitude thérapeutique reste peu codifiée avec les AOD, alliant l’utilisation de l’idarucizumab pour le dabigatran et des CCP pour les anti-Xa qui n’ont, pour l’instant, pas d’antidote.
Plyustransgression in winter wheat breeding on frost resistance and productivity
Authors: Grabovets A. I. , Fomenko M. A.
Published: August 2019

The results of breeding on the Don using transgressive variability during 1985 - 2018 are presented. The location is a chernozem steppe with frequent frosts, insufficient and unstable moistening over the years. The technology of breeding is common. Used pedigree and bulk method. New when laying a breeding nursery was sowing up to 45 thousand untreated ears of a designed planter (to eliminate weeding during threshing ears), determining the frost resistance of plants that have been hardened in the field, in bundles placed in plastic bags, in low temperatures, determining their viability for three days after freezing by the Don method. A large layer of studies ( more than 11,000 populations) was analyzed, starting with F1 and ending with the completion of formation for each. It is confirmed that transgression, the result of the recombination, is observed in populations whose parents do not have extreme severity of the trait. It is established that populations should be heterogeneous with long-term formation. This happens when parents have very few common genes, when there is no restriction on recombination due to too large differences in components. With the presence of overdominance in F1 in many studied populations, it is possible to predict the appearance of transgressions (in our case for frost-resistance and productivity) with an average frequency of 0.25-4.36%. With the incomplete and complete dominance of the trait of the best parent, the excess of parents in F2 on average over the population, intermediate inheritance in F2 traits are also possible, but an order of magnitude less than when overdominated. This should be accompanied by large volumes of study of the breeding material in the first stages and the pressure of stresses of various kinds. Of the 38 varieties that at various times included in the State Register of Russia, 29 were transgressive recombinants for winter hardiness and productivity. They all withstand minus 18⁰ С on the tillering knot
Der kostbarste Teil des Lebens. Selbstverlust als Utopie
Authors: Hoffmann Arthur
Published: August 2019

Rausch und Exzess lassen sich mit den Theorien des Collège de Sociologie im Rahmen des Festes als eine anthropologische Konstante mit eminent gesellschaftlicher Relevanz begreifen. Obwohl sich auch heute noch strukturelle Analogien zu den idealtypischen Festen archaischer Gesellschaften finden, kann weiterführend aus einer kulturökonomischen Perspektive aufgezeigt werden, dass sich die Funktion des Festes in der Gegenwartsgesellschaft gewandelt hat. So erscheinen Rausch und Exzess heute nicht mehr als das Andere des profanen gesellschaftlichen Lebens, sondern werden im Sinne der Optimierung des unternehmerischen Selbst in die ökonomische Rationalität integriert. Die Funktion des Festes geht aber über die kulturkapitalistische Adaption archaischer Überbleibsel hinaus: Mit der Fiktion von Rausch und Ekstase verspricht sich eine emotional-efferveszente Erlebnisqualität der Feste, die in der Gegenwartsgesellschaft aber de facto nicht (mehr) existiert. Damit wird die durch das Paradigma der Nutzenmaximierung vorangetriebene Sinnentleerung kaschiert und der gesellschaftliche Zusammenbruch, so die These des Beitrags, vorerst verhindert.
Using of ventral spinal fusion in dogs during the treatment of the juvenile discospondilitis at level LVII-SI
Authors: Ягников Сергей , Yagnikov Sergey , Барсегян Лусинэ , Barsegyan Lusine , Кулешова Оксана , Kuleshova Oksana , Ягникова Яна , Yagnikova Yana , Будаев Рустам , Budaev Rustam , Грядунова Фаина , Gryadunova Faina , Беляков Александр , Belyakov Aleksandr
Published: August 2019

The article presents 4 clinical cases of surgical treatment of juvenile discospondilitis in dogs at the level of LVII-SI. All animals at the first stage were undergoing to long-term antibiotic therapy without positive dynamics, both clinically and with radiographic evaluation. The surgical intervention included the laparotomy with ventral access to the vertebral bodies at level LVII-SI, removal of pathologically modified tissues and stabilization by metal construction combined with bone autoplasty. The improvement of the clinical state of the animals was observed at 3…7th day after the surgery. In the remote period the result is evaluated as excellent or good by all owners.
Vyacheslav Lipinski about the peculiarities of nation-building and the role of religion in this process
Authors: Shved Z.V.
Published: August 2019

Over the last decade, interest in the heritage of such national thinkers who have worked in the space of sociocultural and religious studies has become relevant. That is why, in our opinion, the appeal to Vyacheslav Lipynsky's creative work is justified. Today, his legacy can be used not only to understand the history of society and the state, but also to understand some aspects of our present. Therefore, you should listen more carefully to the thoughts of this thinker.
National and religious self-identification of Ukrainian Greek Catholics in Poland
Authors: Volynets O.
Published: August 2019

Appearance in the political arena of the world in the XVI century. of the new state, the Commonwealth, had a significant impact on the development of the Ukrainian civilization process. The Ukrainian nobility, merged with the mass of Polish nobility, still lived under Polish law and was easily colonized. This process was especially rapid in the Kholm region and Podlasie. He was greatly influenced by the small Polish gentry from Mazovia and Lesser Poland, who settled in Ukrainian lands before the signing of the Union of Lublin, Ukraine, united with Poland and Lithuania, gradually losing its ancient customs and rights. The Union destroyed the remnants of Ukrainian state traditions that took the form of autonomy in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Ukrainians were forced to adapt to the new socio-political conditions in which they found themselves. National-political life no longer connects with the state, but begins to create new organizational forms. The national organization, at the time of the threat of total national destruction, is largely becoming defensive.
Lessons in the Tragic History of Church-Religious Life in Ukraine
Authors: Stokolos Nadiya G.
Published: August 2019

As the massacre of the Greek Catholic Church was going on, as the Lviv Cathedral was held in March 1946, much has been written by historians, religious scholars, publicists, and theologians. The archival documents that became available for research cover not only new facts pertaining to this event, but also reveal the strategic and tactical plans of the senior state and party leadership of the USSR, their direct participation in the implementation of this action.
Table of Contents
Authors: Of the Journal Editorial board
Published: August 2019

Table of Contents
Social doctrine of Russian Orthodoxy: will it be two steps back?
Authors: Sagan Oleksandr N.
Published: August 2019

The fall of the socialist system in the early 90's of the twentieth century. led to the return of the Orthodox Churches of Europe to the active social and political life of the post-Soviet countries. Therefore, the adoption in August 2000 by the Jubilee Bishops' Council of the Russian Orthodox Church of the social doctrine became a necessary stage in the development of Russian Orthodoxy, and at the same time marked the beginning of a new time of not only this Church, but the whole Ecumenical Orthodoxy. However, this serious doctrine did not cause any serious attention, except for one or two colloquiums organized by the UOC of the Moscow Patriarchate. The wave of theological and non-fiction works on the hot topics raised in the Doctrine also did not happen to the experts.
UGCC on "Greater" Ukraine: Problems, Problems, Prospects
Authors: Nedavnya Olga V.
Published: August 2019

The transfer of the governing seat of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church to the capital of Ukraine, though not equal to the Church's exit to “Greater” Ukraine, but prompts an analysis of the respective possibilities of the heir to the baptism of Vladimir. This is what the Head of her Church calls her, emphasizing essentially the main motive behind the decision to move her residence. In his "Address on the Construction of the Temple of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in Kiev." Lubomyr Husar stressed that the UGCC, as "part of the Kyiv root", is now free in a free state. There is now an opportunity "to return the heart of our Church to the capital city of Kyiv, from where it was born, from where it was removed by cruel circumstances."
Ukrainian philosophical thought on the problems of Christianity in the culture of Kievan Rus
Authors: Snigur S.
Published: August 2019

The problem of formation of the Ukrainian ethnic group is based on the analysis of processes of morality and morality formation. Let's pay attention first of all to the general tendencies of formation and formation of mentality. In terms of the study of the concept of "mentality" revealed fundamental differences between such concepts as "people", "ethnos", "nation", "national character".
Studies in Armenian Christianity: New Methodological Approaches
Authors: Gayuk I.
Published: August 2019

The emergence of features of Armenian Christianity, the transformation of the Armenian Church in Ukrainian lands is an interesting and unexplored topic in Ukraine that is closely related to the unresolved and nowadays problems of split Christianity and the emergence of different currents in it. Turning to the historiographical analysis of the sources devoted to this problem, the researcher of the Armenian Church is faced with the need to take a new approach to the study of this phenomenon, to evaluate in a modern way the fact of the appearance of monophysitism. This is due to the fact that the vast majority of works on the Armenian Church are of a partial and, for the most part, historical nature, and also have a significant confessional color. First of all, we are talking about the criteria for analyzing and defining the research framework. A characteristic feature of the available sources is the avoidance of the Chalcedon problem and, accordingly, questions about the essence of monophysitism, which a priori recognize heresy. The conceptual basis of these works is certain postulates, on the basis of which the system of analysis is built, namely: to the V century. there was a single catholic Christian Church from which various schisms and heresies began to break away from various non-Orthodox, non-Catholic, erroneous movements and organizations; the decisions of the Ecumenical Councils are true in the last instance and the documents approved by them are not subject to discussion.
Olger Bochkovsky on the Role of Religion in the People-Making Process
Authors: Kondratyk Leonid
Published: August 2019

Olger Hippolyt Bochkovsky (1884-1939) is a prominent Ukrainian sociologist, publicist and political figure. The most important area of his studies is the process of creation in which he distinguishes between two stages - ethnogenesis and natiogenesis. The ethnogenetic process, according to O. Bochkovsky, lasted until the Great French Revolution. Its main result is the formation of the people as - ethnographic raw materials. Let us dwell on this in more detail.
Pre-Brest Union Process of 1590-1593: Motives, Issues, Prospects
Authors: Shevchenko Vitaliy Volodymyrovych
Published: August 2019

As we begin to cover the events that immediately preceded the proclamation of the unification act of 1596, we do not think it necessary to prove how complex and responsible the case is. After all, despite the multifaceted nature of the phenomenon, which will later be called the Union of Brest, it is difficult for the researcher to abstract from its consequences, which had a significant impact on the course of the church and religious process of the last four centuries in its regional and Christian community as a whole. It is not easy to understand the religious semantics of this fateful event, which was closely connected with the complex of concepts of state and cultural content. Therefore, we emphasize the self-evident: in the systemic order, Orthodox hypodynamism, which had its worst manifestation in the cultural inferiority of local self-sufficiency, was bound to become a brake on mature church-religious transformations.
Summary
Authors: Of the Journal Editorial board
Published: August 2019

Summary
Editorial Announces
Authors: Of the Journal Editorial board
Published: August 2019

Editorial Announces