bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multibody Dynamics Model of the Cycloidal Gearbox, Implemented in Fortran for Analysis of Dynamic Parameters Influenced by the Backlash as a Design Tolerance
Authors: Król Roman , Król Kazimierz
Published: May 2023

In this study, dynamical parameters of the cycloidal gearbox working at the constant angular velocity of the input shaft were investigated in the multibody dynamics 2D model implemented in the Fortran programming language. Time courses of input and output torques and forces acting on the internal and external sleeves have been shown as a function of the contact modelling parameters and backlash. The analysis results in the model implemented in Fortran were compared with the results in the 3D model designed using MSC Adams software. The values of contact forces are similar in both models. However, in the time courses obtained in MSC Adams there are numerical singularities in the form of peaks reaching 500 N for the forces at external sleeves and 400 N for the forces acting at internal sleeves, whereas in the Fortran model, there are fewer singularities and the maximum values of contact forces at internal and external sleeves do not exceed 200 N. The contact damping and discretisation level (the number of discrete contact points on the cycloidal wheels) significantly affect the accuracy of the results. The accuracy of computations improves when contact damping and discretisation are high. The disadvantage of the high discretization is the extended analysis time. High backlash values lead to a rise in contact forces and a decrease in the force acting time. The model implemented in Fortran gives a fast solution and performs well in the gearbox optimisation process. A reduction of cycloidal wheel discretisation to 600 points, which still allows satisfactory analysis, could reduce the solution time to 4 min, corresponding to an analysis time of 0.6 s with an angular velocity of the input shaft of 52.34 rad/s (500 RPM).
The Quality Of Village-Owned Enterprises’ Financial Statement
Authors: Rini Indahwati  , Nurlinda  , Asmalidar
Published: May 2023

The aim of this research is to reveal the variables that will influence the quality of village-owned enterprises’ financial statements in North Sumatra. This research defined 3 (three) variables that will influence the quality of village-owned enterprise’s financial statements: information technology, competency, and top management support. The research method for this research was quantitative mixed with the qualitative method. The data collection method was a survey with questionnaires. The population of this research was all the village-owned enterprises in North Sumatra. The random sampling method chose the sample for 33 (thirty-three) village-owned enterprises. The result of this research showed that information technology and competency did not affect the quality of the village-owned enterprises in North Sumatra. Top-management support was the variable affecting the quality of the village-owned enterprises in North Sumatra.
Strategy To Increasie Corporate Value Through Mediation Of Financing Posture And Profitability
Authors: Agung Wibowo
Published: May 2023

Increasing the value is important for the corporate, the determinants of which include financing posture, profitability, growth, and size. This research aims to prove the intermediary role of financing posture and profitability in the strategy of increasing corporate value. Data was collected from companies in the LQ 45 index group February to July 2022. The results prove that profitability and size have a substantial positive contribution on corporate value. The financing posture and growth have a substantial negative contribution on corporate value. Profitability and size have a substantial negative contribution on financing posture. Growth has a non-substantial positive contribution on financing posture, but a substantial negative contribution on profitability. The financing posture mediates the contribution of profitability and size on corporate value, but does not mediate the contribution of growth on corporate value. Profitability is a semi-mediation variable for the contribution of growth on corporate value.
Pengaruh Pemberian Kredit Usaha Rakyat Terhadap Pendapatan Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah
Authors: Nita Y Adju  , Harun Blongkod  , Nurharyati Panigoro
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine how much influence the provision of people's business credit (KUR) has on the income of micro, small and medium enterprises (UMKM). This research uses quantitative methods. The data used is primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires. The population of this research is UMKM BRI Unit Aloei Saboe customers, Gorontalo City. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The data analysis method used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of this study indicate that the provision of people's business credit (KUR) has a significant effect on the income of micro, small and medium enterprises (UMKM) on BRI Unit Aloei Saboe UMKM customers, Gorontalo City.
Investigation Of Yield And Quality Values Of Some Registered Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Varieties
Authors: Mart Dürdane , Türkeri Meltem , Gülgün Öktem Ayşe , Akın Ramazan , Atmaca Evren , Mart Sezgin , Çankaya Nejda , Dumlu Süreyya Emre , Yücel Derya , Karaköy Tolga
Published: May 2023

This study, which was carried out in 2014-2015 to determine the agronomic characteristics of some chickpea lines and varieties under Şanlıurfa ecological conditions, was conducted in the experimental trial areas of GAP Agricultural Research Institute. 20 registered chickpea genotypes and 3 control varieties were used in the study, which was established according to the randomized block design with three replications. In the study, phenological traits such as the number of days until flowering after 50% emergence, the number of days until pod tying, the number of days after emergence and vegetation duration and agronomic traits such as plant height, first pod height, days to maturity, one hundred grain weight and yield per decare were examined in chickpea plants. During the study, Ascochyta blight disease controls of chickpea varieties were also carried out depending on the climatic conditions. In the study, the highest grain yield was obtained from Işık (181.65 kg/da) variety and the lowest grain yield was obtained from Uzunlu variety (108.34 kg/da) at Şanlıurfa location. In terms of both growing seasons, the highest average protein analysis values were obtained from Yaşa variety with 25.77% and the lowest from İnci variety wıth22.02%.
Photodynamic therapy of psoriasis
Authors: Filonenko E. V. , Ivanova-Radkevich V.
Published: May 2023

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the treatment of psoriasis remains the subject of much debate. There is no consensus in the scientific community about effective and safe PDT regimens for psoriasis. Described in the published materials doses and concentrations of photosensitizers for psoriasis, as well as light doses, differ by dozens of times. The purpose of this review is to analyze the efficacy and safety profile of various PDT regimens for psoriasis. Some studies demonstrate 100% effectiveness of the method in certain modes (complete or partial clearance of psoriasis foci after PDT). In particular, such efficiency was obtained with the application of 20% 5-ALA (light dose 15 J/cm2) and 0.1% methylene blue (light dose 15 J/ cm2). The main factor limiting the use of PDT in psoriasis, and in some cases even being the reason for treatment interruption, is severe pain during the irradiation procedure. This requires careful development of PDT regimens in patients with psoriasis.
La experiencia AEVAL en España (2005-2017)
Authors: Garde Roca Juan Antonio
Published: May 2023

El nacimiento de la Agencia de Evaluación (AEVAL) en España el 1-1-2007, se inscribe en el marco de un programa de reformas, que pretendía generar un proceso de innovación y modernización de la actividad pública. Sólo 10 años después, tras distintos avatares, desaparece esta entidad, sin que ningún análisis de rigor haya contribuido a analizar las causas que provocan esta desaparición y, lo que es todavía más importante, se realice una reflexión acerca de la experiencia y la influencia que pudo significar. En este artículo se proporcionan elementos de información y reflexión pertinentes para llegar a conocer esta experiencia singular y algunas de las causas, raíz de sus dificultades y logros, necesarios para poder extraer nuevas enseñanzas, encaminadas al desarrollo institucional de la evaluación en España, tras la aprobación de la ley 27/2022 de 20 de Diciembre de 2022.
Demographics and characteristics of leadership at allergy and immunology fellowships in the U.S. as of 2022
Authors: Durant Jenna E. , Temple C. Abigail , Schachner Benjamin I. , Zippi Zachary , Chang Christopher
Published: May 2023

Background: The subspecialty of allergy and immunology (AI) has grown tremendously since the first fellowship programs were developed nearly 80 years ago; however, there is little information with regard to the demographic characteristics and trends in training of fellowship
directors (FDs). Objective: Our goal was to analyze the demographic characteristics and pathways in training that have led FDs to advance in the field and train the next generation of allergists and immunologists. Methods: We created a list of all current
AI fellowship programs and FDs within the United States. Specific biographical, training, and research information was collected via an Internet search and questionnaire responses. The data were recorded and analyzed in a spreadsheet and unpaired t-tests were performed between male
versus female groups for H ‐ index comparison to establish if there was a statistically significant difference. Results: There were 84 total AI fellowship programs with 84 FDs. Forty-one FDs (48.8%) were men and 43 FDs (51.2%) were women; mean age was 51.1 years;
and the average age at appointment for men was 45.7 years and for women was 41.4 years, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.02). Self-reported race and ethnicity (77.4% response rate [n = 65]) were as follows: 55.4% white (n = 36), 23.1% Asian (n = 15), 6.2% biracial (n = 4),
7.7% Middle Eastern (n = 5), 4.6% Hispanic (n = 3), and 3.1% Black (n = 2). The average Hirsch-index (h-index) for FDs was 14.2, with an average of 42.1 publications and 1532.2 citations. The difference between the h-index for the men and for the women was statistically significant, being
17.8 and 11.2 respectively, with p = 0.0143. Conclusion: In AI FDs, women were adequately represented, and men and women were hired at similar ages. There was a statistically significant difference in research output (estimated by the h-index) between men and women. This
suggests that research output did not limit women in being appointed as FDs.
56-year-old male with HIV and sudden cardiac arrest
Authors: Banerjee Abhilasha , Chichester Kristin L. , Saini Sarbjit Singh
Published: May 2023

A 56-year-old man with well-controlled human immunodeficiency virus, anxiety, depression, and hypercholesterolemia developed acute urticaria, lip angioedema, and respiratory distress after consumption of a cheeseburger, French fries, lemonade, and ibuprofen. He was evaluated in the emergency department and, during admission, developed asystole, diaphoresis, pallor, and a brief episode of posturing that was treated with two doses of epinephrine. Results of the initial workup with electrocardiogram, troponin, complete blood cell count, and comprehensive metabolic panel were normal. He was subsequently evaluated by an allergist for further recommendations.
TEV/FEV3 as a coherent metric of small airway dysfunction in childhood asthma
Authors: Jung Jae Hwa , Park Mireu , Kim Ga Eun , Kim Jong Deok , Kim Min Jung , Choi Sun Ha , Kim Yoon Hee , Sohn Myung Hyun , Kim Soo Yeon , Kim Kyung Won
Published: May 2023

Background: Spirometry is an unrivalled tool for determining asthma and asthma severity. The ratio of forced expiratory volume (FEV) in 1 second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) and the forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of FVC (FEF25-75)
are well-known markers of airway obstruction, but they are limited by low reproducibility, particularly in children. In this study, we defined terminal expiration volume (TEV) as FEV in 3 seconds forced expiratory volume in 3 seconds (FEV3) minus forced expiratory volume in 1 seconds
(FEV1) and investigate whether TEV/FEV3 can function as a coherent marker to compensate for existing markers. Methods: This retrospective study comprised 980 children ages ≤ 18 years who underwent spirometry and the bronchial provocation testing.
TEV/FEV3 was compared with regard to asthma presence and severity. The findings were verified with an external validation group (n = 105). Results: FEV3 was obtained in 837 children (85.4%). TEV/FEV3 was significantly higher in patients
with asthma than in patients who did not have asthma (17.1 ± 5.5 versus 12.0 ± 4.4, p < 0.001). External validation with 73 patients showed similar results (18.0 ± 5.9 in asthma versus 10.2 ± 5.1 in non-asthma, p < 0.001). The discriminatory power of TEV/FEV3
for asthma was comparable with that of FEF25-75 (p = 0.804). TEV/FEV3 significantly increased with asthma severity (mild, 16.1 ± 5.4; moderate, 17.7 ± 5.4; severe, 22.0 ± 5.3; p < 0.001). For patients who could not achieve FEV3, FEF25-75
demonstrated no significant difference between mild and moderate asthma, and could not discriminate asthma or asthma severity. Conclusion: TEV/FEV3 is a new metric that may help diagnose and determine asthma severity by using conventional spirometry by assessing
small airway dysfunction. TEV/FEV3 promotes a reassessment of the reliability of other spirometric parameters, particularly in young children. Caution is needed in interpreting the result of spirometry in children who cannot achieve FEV3.
Comparison of commercial allergen extract with various milk products of skin prick tests in diagnosing cow's milk protein allergy
Authors: Sabit Berat , Ozdemir Oner , Kose Elif
Published: May 2023

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to solve the incompatibilities between the skin prick test (SPT) result and the clinical picture encountered among patients. Thus, we used various milk products (raw, ultrahigh temperature [UHT], and pasteurized cow's milk) with commercial
milk allergen extract in patients we think may have cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) and made a comparison among the milk types. Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively between February 1, 2019, to June 1, 2019, at a pediatric allergy polyclinic of the university
training/research hospital. A pair of 79 individuals, as control and patient groups, ages between 1 month and 21 years who were presented with a suspicion of CMPA and defined with SPT and/or allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were included in the study. Allergen-specific IgE tests
(specific IgE cow's milk, β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin, casein) were evaluated. SPT was performed with fresh/raw, UHT, and pasteurized (daily) cow's milk besides the standard used commercial extract. Results: In the group included in the study and defined as
IgE-mediated CMPA, 52.9% of the 79 patients were boys (n = 46), 47.1% were girls (n = 33), and the median age was 6 months (5.0‐8.0 months). In the group of specific IgE cow's milk reaction that was sought, frequency and wheal (induration) size of SPT reaction to fresh/raw milk was
also found to be statistically significant between positive- and negative-reaction groups, not detected against other milk products. The area under the curve for the diagnostic value of fresh milk was 93.1%. For the cutoff value of 2.50 mm, 88.1% sensitivity and 90.8% specificity were determined.
In the group of specific IgE β-lactoglobulin reaction searched, there was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of SPT positivity and wheal size against UHT, fresh, and daily/pasteurized milk between positive and negative reaction groups. When the correlations of the
mean induration axis in the tests were examined, it was found that, among raw milk, daily milk, cow's milk allergen extract, and UHT milk, a strong positive correlation was also statistically significant. Conclusion: The positivity that could not be detected with SPT when
using allergen extract in a patient with positive specific IgE cow's milk result in the clinic can be detected with SPT made with fresh (raw) milk, which can be an alternative. In addition, specific IgE β-lactoglobulin seems to be the most compatible with the SPT wheal size (induration)
of other milk types rather than extract. Comparative studies of SPT allergen extracts and various milk types used in the diagnosis of CMPA are very scarce in the literature, and more studies are needed on this subject.
La guerra internacional contra la piratería marítima
Authors: García Martín César Augusto
Published: May 2023

La piratería marítima en el océano índico ha alcanzado en los últimos años, niveles preocupantes de afectación a las rutas de navegación comercial que comunican Europa, Asia y África, lo que ha obligado a las principales potencias navales del mundo a desplegar sus Unidades para enfrentar una amenaza no convencional dentro del concepto naval clásico de defensa de las Líneas de Comunicación.
Lucha contra la subversión en la República Argentina operación independencia
Authors: Martín Eloy
Published: May 2023

La compleja realidad sociopolítica de las décadas del 60 y 70 promovió la creación de grupos insurgentes en gran parte de América Latina cuyos objetivos esenciales se basaron en poder lograr, a través de diferentes y complejas metodologías, zonas de control político y operacional dentro de los Estados Nación. En este análisis se intenta esbozar de manera sucinta cuál fue el contexto que llevó al Gobierno argentino a disponer, organizar y ejecutar en la Provincia de Tucumán, la operación militar contra la subversión1 denominada “Independencia”,desarrollada entre los años 1975 y 1976.
El Centro de Gravedad Estatal y el valor de las Fuerzas Militares en su protección
Authors: Pinilla Juan Pablo
Published: May 2023

La necesidad de la identificación de centros de gravedad propios por parte de los diferentes campos de acción del Estado con el propósito de identificar un campo de acción a nivel estatal y la manera como las Fuerzas Militares contribuyen en la protección de esos centros de gravedad y por ende en el fortalecimiento de cada campo de acción del Estado.
Effects of Art Therapy on Autistic Children with Visual Impairment
Authors: Verma Charu
Published: May 2023

The use of art in therapeutic form is very popular and its benefits are proven. Many therapists employ artistic methods to address the complications of autism for a long time but the increased prevalence of autism spectrum disorder with visual impairment is being witnessed these days. The present study aims to study the effects of art therapy intervention on the dual disability of autism and blindness. For this study two children having moderate autism with visual impairment were selected. Activities planned for them majorly focused on the stimulation of their tactile senses. The art therapy project for these students was divided into four stages: Pre-stage - the exploration of art material. In this stage, children were made familiar with different art materials. The second stage included tactile art-sand drawing, and the third and last stage activities were coins activity and paper weaving activity. It was designed to enhance motor skills and coordinated hand and body movement. There was resistance shown by both of them at the initial stage. However, the results after extensive sessions of their participation in activities indicated positive improvement in concentration. Their typical behavior of avoidance was also reduced. The results suggest that a tailored approach with the coordination of other experts and parents can help to overcome the complexity of their disorder.
Sentiment Analysis of Visitor Reviews on Star Hotels in Manado City
Authors: Matrutty Jeniver Petronela , Adrian Angelia Melani , Angdresey Apriandy
Published: May 2023

Sentiment analysis is a technique of extracting the text data to analyze the opinions and evaluate to obtain the information. Sentiment analysis is performed by internet users on social media or online applications or websites to provide assessments or personal opinions. Tourism in North Sulawesi has grown by 600% in the past four years, and the rise of tourism has sent tourists flocking to the city of Manado. These travelers need a hotel that satisfies their desires, so they need to read about the hotel in the reviews on the hotel reservation service website. This takes a lot of time. To overcome existing problems, sentiment analysis applications were developed to make it easier for potential hotel users to find previous user responses. Additionally, data mining classification techniques are used to help hotel managers determine the satisfaction of previous hotel users using a Naive Bayes algorithm. The five tests performed gave the best result, 76.20% accuracy, with an average of 70.55%. While the average precision is 70.57% and 99.85% for the recall.
Single-Pilot Aircraft in Commercial Air Transport Operations: A Comparison of Potential Architectures
Authors: Asokan Aravind , Cameron Bruce G.
Published: May 2023

Single-pilot operations (SPOs) in commercial air transport present a range of benefits and challenges, but there is a need to define architectures and compare them in different operational contexts. Here, we identified various combinations of architectural decisions based on the literature, and we compared them to current operations (in different operating contexts) on a safety versus cost tradespace. Safety was defined as a function of the pilot nominal operations workload, handling of off-nominal situations, and pilot incapacitation; whereas the cost was defined as a combination of acquisition and operating costs. Our analysis suggests that different classes of aircraft (wide bodies, narrow bodies, and regional jets) have different levels of benefits and costs in moving to SPOs. The capabilities of automation need to improve drastically before the second human in the flight deck can be replaced, and this is borne out by the dominance of human-centered architectures in the tradespace. The analysis also reveals that regional aircraft may be prime candidates to move to SPOs first because most regional architectures generate positive savings.
DIGITAL MARKETING AND LOGISTICS IN THE ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE’S INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, Olifyrenko Yuliia , Povna Svetlana ,   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, Bilanenko Oleksandr ,   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University
Published: May 2023

he article discusses the main principles of modern development of digital marketing and logistics in enterprise management. The peculiarities of the development of marketing technologies and logistics in Industry 4.0 have been formed. The peculiarities of the operation of the enterprise in the conditions of an adaptive environment are substantiated, taking into account the current state of military aggression in the country. It has been proven that the reconstruction of territories and enterprises in the post-war period should be based on the use of the latest innovative technologies, taking into account the digital economy. The need to use different types of strategies to optimize the adaptation of the enterprise, taking into account the existing resource capacity and the state of the external environment, is proved.It is substantiated that the system of digital marketing and logistics in the management of innovative development of enterprises is one of the levers of ensuring its competitiveness, as it affects its economic efficiency and contributes to increasing the level of its competitiveness. Digital marketing and logistics should be considered as a key element of the company's competitive market development strategy, as these systems have a more coordinating nature, and the implementation of their principles requires an appropriate information and analytical base and a developed enterprise infrastructure.The main results of the implementation of digital marketing and logistics with adaptive management of the enterprise are highlighted as follows: on the basis of rational use and placement of stocks, an increase in the volume of sales and provision of a higher level of customer service is achieved; the marketing and logistics system in the conditions of adaptation of the enterprise contributes to the strengthening of ties between consumers and the enterprise, helping to shorten the logistics cycle; development of effective methods of product distribution, which allows to reduce costs and redistribute appropriate funds for marketing activities to attract customers; the use of digital marketing and logistics will allow the company to successfully compete in distant sales markets.
BUSINESS PARTNERSHIP OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND ENTERPRISESIN THE TERMS OF IMPLEMENTATION DUAL FORMS OF EDUCATION
Authors:   Kherson State University, Tyukhtenko Nataliya
Published: May 2023

The article substantiates the importance of managing the business partnership of educational institutions with enterprises of the real business space in the process of imple-menting a dual form of education to increase the competence level of human capital in both educational and industrial spheres of activity, which allows to ensure their level of competitive-ness in the conditions of modern challenges. The impact of modern transformations of the professional and job structure of business on its competitive advantages due to the introduction of innovative approaches to education, both in the process of obtaining an education and in the conditions of lifelong learning, is proven. At the same time, the dual form of obtaining edu-cation is considered as a mutually beneficial connecting link, the implementation of which can ensure the innovative development of both the educational institution and the enterprise. At the same time, modern competences of education seekers and competitive personnel of the production environment are formed due to timely training in production conditions with the in-volvement of leading specialists of both partners, taking into account domestic and global trends. A theoretical substantiation of the general characteristics of the business partnership was carried out based on its principles, purpose, definition of the subjects of the partnership, joint strategy, mechanism of implementation, nature of interaction of partners. The socio-eco-nomic essence of the concept of "business partnership" and its management in the context of the implementation of a dual form of education is specified, with the main principles and content of the analysis being highlighted. The reasons for the need to introduce a dual concept into the educational space are systematized. Based on the analysis of the stages of the implementation of the dual form of education in Ukraine, its main tasks are singled out, taking into account the processes of digitalization and intellectualization of modern global business. A general model of business partnership analysis of educational institutions and enterprises is proposed, which serves as a basis forits practical implementation
THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF INNOVATIONS IN THE AGRO-FOOD SECTOR
Authors:   Private higher educational institution “European University”, Kotvytska Nataliia
Published: May 2023

The agro-food sector is one of the key industries that provides humanity with essential food products. However, it has faced challenges in sustainable development and environmental safety, raising questions about the efficiency and sustainability of this industry. Accordingly, there is ample room for innovation in the agro-food sector. The article analyzes the innovative activity in the agro-food sector at the present stage. The main problems and shortcomings of innovation development in this industry are identified, and the most influential factors that impede the development and implementation of innovative technologies in agriculture are considered. The main objectives of the study are to analyze the processes of innovation development in the agricultural industry in Ukraine, identify the main shortcomings and problems that hinder innovation development in this industry, and list the factorsthat will contribute to the development of innovative processes in Ukrainian agricultural enterprises. Various research methods were used to address the tasks at hand, including general scientific methods such as analysis and synthesis; scientific abstraction; induction and deduction, as well as specialized methods such as a monographic approach (during the study of the current state of innovation processes in the agricultural sector of Ukraine); and a comprehensive approach (during the development of recommendations for the development of innovations in the agro-industrial sector). It was determined that the agro-industrial complex occupies a leading position among industries that significantly influence the economic situation in Ukraine. It was noted thatone of the leading roles in the effective development of innovative technologies, particularly in agriculture, is played by innovative infrastructure: technoparks, business incubators, as they contribute to entering the innovation market. The use of cutting-edge technologies, the implementation of smart production management systems, which make it possible to increase efficiency, reduce costs, and provide more accurate planning, were also discussed. Proposed innovations, such as support in the fields of breeding, nanotechnology, and genetic engineering, have significant potential for improving the efficiency and resilience of production and activity in the agricultural sector of Ukraine.
Bits and Cheek-Pieces from the Archaeological Sites of the Northern Altai of the Rouran Period (Based on the Materials of the Choburak-I Complex)
Authors: Seregin N. N. , Tishkin A. A. , Matrenin S. S. , Parshikova T. S.
Published: May 2023

Purpose. This article studies bits and cheek-pieces belong to the mass categories of riding horse equipment from the archaeological sites of Altai of 2nd century BC – 5th century AD. These finds, taking into account the rarity of such materials from synchronous sites in adjacent territories, are an important source for the reconstruction of horse equipment of the nomads of Central and North Asia. The article presents the analysis of a series of bits and cheek-pieces from objects of the Rouran period of the Choburak-I necropolis.

Methods and Results. The analyzed collection includes nine bits and five cheek-pieces. The basis of the study was the morphological analysis and classification of items of horse equipment, as well as the comparison of these finds with materials from neighboring territories. Two types of bits and two types of cheek-pieces are distinguished, demonstrating common and special features of the manufacture of bridle sets by the population of Northern Altai in the Rouran period. A comparative study made it possible to determine their dating and genesis.

Conclusion. It has been established that bits and cheek-pieces are an important chronological marker for further clarification of the periodization of the archaeological sites of Altai. It is concluded that the horse equipment of the Bulan-Koby archaeological culture had a significant impact on the appearance of this category of objects among the early Turks. The results obtained expand the existing ideas about the evolution of horse equipment among the nomads of Asia in the middle of the 1st millennium AD.
Primary Knapping Methods in Upper Paleolithic Industries at the Ushbulak Site Based on the Results of Refitting (Layer 5.1)
Authors: Pavlenok G. D. , Bocharova E. N. , Taimagambetov Zh. K. , Anoikin A. A.
Published: May 2023

Purpose. The aim of this study is detailed reconstruction of the reduction sequences of the layer 5.1 lithic industry.

Results. Through a comprehensive analysis of the material complex from the layer 5.1 we reconstructed three knapping strategies characterizing the industry. The first strategy is based on the usage of the narrow core working surface to obtain blades and lamellar flakes. The second strategy is the alternating usage of the working surface and striking platform aimed at blank production. The reduction sequence is characterized by the usage of narrow surfaces bounded by natural sides. The third strategy is the bladelets and microblades production using one narrow or two adjacent (narrow and wide) working surfaces. The comparison of the material complex of the layer 5.1 with the complexes of layers 7–6 indicates principal differences in the raw material preferences, primary knapping methods and toolkits.

Conclusion. Based on the lack of continuity of the primary knapping and the principles of spatial exploitation of Ushbulak site area, we suggest a complete change in the population of the Shilikta valley at the boundary of MIS 3 and MIS 2.
Radar Method in a Uniformly Accelerated Reference Frame
Authors: Voytik V. V.
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this work is to generalize the radar method known for the inertial frame of reference to the case of a uniformly accelerated frame of reference.

The derivation of the corresponding formulas is based on the standard for the theory of relativity metric of a uniformly accelerated Möller frame of reference without applying any space-time transformation between some auxiliary inertial frame and the accelerated frame. To solve the problem of determining the trajectory of a light beam, depending on the initial direction of propagation, Fermat’s principle is used. To calculate the flight time of a photon to an object, knowing its coordinates, the condition of the light-likeness of the interval for the propagation of light is additionally introduced.

The resulting trajectory of the light particle is an arc of a circle. For a small area near the source, the photon trajectory coincides with the parabolic trajectory of a classical corpuscle. An equation has been derived for the direction in which the radio signal is sent. The actual location of the object is not in the direction of the initial motion of the photon, but somewhat lower. The value of the angle of gravitational refraction for a closely spaced resting object is calculated. The further the object is in the “horizontal” direction, the greater the angle of refraction. The flight time of the light signal to the object is found. The signal emitted in the direction that forms an acute angle with the direction of acceleration leads the radio signal in the inertial frame of reference. Therefore, for a close object located above the radiation source, the calculated Shapiro delay time is negative. The coordinates of the remote object are also calculated.

The totality of the obtained equalities completely determines the radar method. The resulting equalities, perhaps, allow for experimental verification.
A importância do diagnóstico precoce da doença renal crônica na atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Paim Laís Souza , Xavier Caroline Ester de Oliveira Souza , Nader Daniela Brandão Bertunes , Alves João Victor Nascimento , Andrade Míriam Oliveira de , Alves Vitória Araújo Pinheiro , Figueredo Susane Ribeiro , Costa Juliana Leles , Dobrachinski Leandro
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Demonstrar a importância do diagnóstico precoce da Doença Renal Crônica (DRC) na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura do tipo integrativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio das bases Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) e National Library of Medicine (PubMed), com recorte temporal de 2018 a 2022. Resultados: Utilizando os descritores estabelecidos, foram obtidos 1.014 artigos e destes, 763 foram excluídos por não apresentar relação com o tema, 179 por estar fora do recorte temporal, 36 por não apresentar o diagnóstico do paciente com doença renal crônica, 17 por duplicidade. Por fim, foram selecionados 19 artigos para composição do grupo amostral. A DRC é caracterizada pela perda progressiva e irreversível da Taxa de Filtração Glomerular (TFG), com expressiva prevalência na população adulta brasileira. Nesse contexto, observa-se a Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) e a Diabetes Mellitus (DM) como os principais fatores de risco para a DRC, pois o aumento da resistência vascular somado às altas taxas de glicemia relaciona-se com a disfunção renal a nível glomerular. Considerações finais: É imprescindível o olhar acurado das equipes da atenção básica, buscando o diagnóstico precoce de DRC em especial, aos pacientes com fatores de risco detectáveis.
Transtorno do Espectro Autista: benefícios da intervenção precoce para o desenvolvimento cognitivo e adaptativo da criança
Authors: Fiúsa Hugo Dorjó Silva , Azevedo Christianne Terra de Oliveira
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Trazer informações sobre o acometimento do Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) na criança, apresentar como é realizada sua investigação clínica e diagnóstico e demonstrar a importância da intervenção precoce nas crianças diagnosticadas. Revisão Bibliográfica: O TEA é um transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento causador de atrasos na comunicação e socialização da criança, a qual apresenta padrões comportamentais restritos e ou repetitivos. Tais sintomas são classificados em níveis de gravidade e, apesar de não haver cura, os prejuízos podem ser amenizados se diagnosticado e tratado precocemente, aproveitando-se da primeira infância como um período sensível de desenvolvimento, momento em que o cérebro possui maior capacidade de aprendizado e adaptação. Considerações finais: Quanto mais precoce for o diagnóstico e intervenção na vida da criança autista, melhor será seu prognóstico e qualidade de vida, uma vez que se utiliza da plasticidade cerebral como janela de oportunidade para amenização de sintomas e recuperação de habilidades, possibilitando seu melhor desenvolvimento cognitivo e adaptativo.
Media addiction in adolescents
Authors: Nayak Sumitha
Published: May 2023

Internet is used by over 95% of adolescents and a majority of them have social media accounts. Social media and internet addiction develops imperceptibly and takes over the life of adolescents, with plenty of adverse outcomes. A knowledge of this condition is essential for all handlers of adolescents and recognising the red flag signs will ensure timely intervention and management. Some common suggestions that can be used by adolescents to monitor themselves and avoid excessive usage of social media must also be known by providers.
Spontaneous release of epiretinal membrane in a patient with a retinal vasoproliferative tumor
Authors: Cortes-Muñoz Daniel , Chew-Bonilla Alan , Illescas-Lomeli Carlos , Cano-Hidalgo Rene Alfredo
Published: May 2023

A 36-year-old woman was scheduled for a vitrectomy of her left eye due to an epiretinal membrane (ERM) secondary to a retinal vasoproliferative tumor. Visual acuity (VA) was 20/20 in the right eye and 20/80 in the left. Before surgery, the patient’s vision had improved (20/20). Fundus examination and tomographic images revealed the spontaneous release of the ERM. ERM release usually presents after cryotherapy and photocoagulation. This is the first case in the literature documenting spontaneous ERM release in a vasoproliferarive tumor.
فاعلية استخدام استراتيجية تآلف الأشتات في تنمية القيم في مادة الدراسات الاجتماعية لدى تلاميذ الصف السادس الأساسي في المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: الدهش فاتن عبدالله
Published: May 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على فاعلية استخدام استراتيجية تآلف الأشتات في تنمية القيم في مادة الدراسات الاجتماعية لدى تلاميذ الصف السادس الأساسي في المملكة العربية السعودية، استخدمت الباحثة قائمة القيم وأداة تحليل المحتوى واختبار القيم، تكونت عينة الدراسة من (78) طالبة من طالبات الصف السادس الأساسي من مدرسة روضة جدة النموذجية للبنات، اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج شبه التجريبي، من أهم النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة المعنوية (α≤0.05) بين متوسطي درجات تلميذات مجموعة الدراسة ومجموعة المقارنة في التطبيق البعدي لمقياس القيم لصالح طالبات المجموعة التجريبية. وفي ضوء ما توصلت إليه الدراسة من نتائج فإنها توصي بما يلي: توظيف تآلف الأشتات في تدريس الدراسات الاجتماعية، وعقد لقاءات وندوات وورش عمل للمعلمين حول أهمية فاعلية تآلف الأشتات في تدريس الدراسات الاجتماعية والتعرف على كيفية توظيفها، وأهميتها، تعزيز كتب الدراسات الاجتماعية في المرحلة الأساسية بالقيم لتنمية القيم لدى التلاميذ. في ضوء نتائج الدراسة وتوصياتها تقترح الباحثة ما يلي: إجراء دراسة مماثلة في الدراسات الاجتماعية في المراحل التعليمية المختلفة.
Long timescale ensemble methods in molecular dynamics: Ligand-protein interactions and allostery in SARS-CoV-2 targets
Authors: Bhati Agastya P. , Hoti Art , Potterton Andrew , Bieniek Mateusz K. , Coveney Peter V.
Published: May 2023

We subject a series of five protein-ligand systems which contain important SARS- CoV-2 targets - 3-chymotrypsin-like protease, papain-like protease and adenosine ribose phosphatase - to long-timescale and adaptive sampling molecular dynamics simulations. By performing ensembles of ten or twelve 10-microsecond simulations for each system, we accurately and reproducibly determine ligand binding sites, both crystallographically resolved and otherwise, thereby discovering binding sites that can be exploited for drug discovery. We also report robust, ensemble-based observation of conformational changes that occur at the main binding site of 3CLPro due to the presence of another ligand at an allosteric binding site explaining the underlying cascade of events responsible for its inhibitory effect. Using our simulations, we have discovered a novel allosteric mechanism of inhibition for a ligand known to bind only at the substrate binding site. Due to the chaotic nature of molecular dynamics trajectories, individual trajectories do not allow for accurate or reproducible elucidation of macroscopic expectation values. Unprecedentedly at this timescale, we compare the statistical distribution of protein-ligand contact frequencies for these ten/twelve 10-microsecond trajectories and find that over 90% of trajectories have significantly different contact frequency distributions. Furthermore, using a direct binding free energy calculation protocol, we determine the ligand binding free energies for each of the identified sites using long-timescale simulations. The free energies differ by 0.77 to 7.26 kcal/mol across individual trajectories depending on the binding site and the system. We show that although this is the standard way such quantities are currently reported at long-timescale, individual simulations do not yield reliable free energies. Ensembles of independent trajectories are necessary to overcome the aleatoric uncertainty in order to obtain statistically meaningful and reproducible results. Our findings here are generally applicable to all molecular dynamics based applications and not confined to the free energy methods used in this study. Finally, we compare the application of different free energy methods to these systems and discuss their advantages and disadvantages.
How reproducible is the synthesis of Zr--porphyrin metal--organic frameworks? An interlaboratory study
Authors: Boström Hanna , Emmerling Sebastian , Heck Fabian , Koschnick Charlotte , Jones Andrew , Cliffe Matthew , Al Natour Rawan , Bonneau Mickaële , Guillerm Vincent , Shekhah Osama , Eddaoudi Mohamed , Lopez-Cabrelles Javier , Furukawa Shuhei , Romero-Angel Maria , Marti-Gastaldo Carlos , Yan Minliang , Morris Amanda , Romero-Muñiz Ignacio , Xiong Ying , Platero-Prats Ana , Roth Jocelyn , Queen Wendy , Mertin Kalle , Schier Danielle , Champness Neil , Yeung Hamish , Lotsch Bettina
Published: May 2023

Metal--organic frameworks (MOFs) are a rapidly growing class of materials that offer great promise in various applications. However, the synthesis remains challenging: for example, a range of crystal structures can often be accessed from the same building blocks, which complicates the phase selectivity. Likewise, the high sensitivity to slight changes in synthesis conditions may cause reproducibility issues. This is crucial, as it hampers the research and commercialisation of affected MOFs. Here, we present the first-ever interlaboratory study of the synthetic reproducibility of two Zr--porphyrin MOFs, PCN-222 and PCN-224, to investigate the scope of this problem. For PCN-222, only one sample out of ten was phase pure and of the correct symmetry, while for PCN-224, three were phase pure, although none of these show the spatial linker order characteristic of PCN-224. Instead, these samples resemble dPCN-224 (disordered PCN-224), which was recently reported by us. The variability in thermal behaviour, defect content, and BET surface area of the synthesised samples are also studied. Our results have important ramifications for field of metal--organic frameworks and their crystallisation, by highlighting the synthetic challenges associated with a multi-variable synthesis space and flat energy landscapes characteristic of MOFs.
On the challenge of unambiguous identification of fentanyl analogs: exploring measurement diversity using standard reference mass spectral libraries
Authors: Moorthy Arun , Erisman Edward , Kearsley Anthony , Liang Yuxue , Sisco Edward , Wallace William
Published: May 2023

Fentanyl analogs are a class of designer drugs that are particularly challenging to unambiguously identify due to the mass spectral and retention time similarities of unique compounds. In this paper, we use agglomerative hierarchical clustering to explore the measurement diversity of fentanyl analogs and better understand the challenge of unambiguous identifications using analytical techniques traditionally available to drug chemists. We consider four measurements in particular: gas chromatography retention indices, electron ionization mass spectra, electrospray ionization tandem mass spectra and direct analysis in real time mass spectra. Our analysis demonstrates how simultaneously considering data from multiple measurement techniques increases the observable measurement diversity of fentanyl analogs, which can reduce identification ambiguity. This paper further supports the use of multiple analytical techniques to identify fentanyl analogs (among other substances), as is recommended by the Scientific Working Group for the Analysis of Seized Drugs (SWGDRUG).
Selective Synthesis of 1,3-Substituted Cuneanes: En Route to Potent Bioisosteres of m-Substituted Benzenes
Authors: Nagasawa Shota , Fujiwara Kan , Maeyama Ryusei , Segawa Ryosuke , Hirasawa Noriyasu , Iwabuchi Yoshiharu
Published: May 2023

We herein disclose a method to obtain 1,3-substituted cuneane by selective isomerization of 1,4-substituted cubanes. The electronic property of the substituent strongly affects the isomerization ratio of 1,3-substituted cuneane and 2,6-substituted cuneane. Based on structural similarity, we considered that 1,3-substituted cuneane would be a bioisostere of m-substituted benzene. The synthesis of a cuneane analog of pharmaceuticals having m-substituted benzene moiety and its biological evalu-ation are also described.