bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serosurveillance for Avian Influenza in Local Chickens in Households and Live Bird Markets in Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Chieloka Okoli Solomon
Published: June 2020

Enugu State, Nigeria has previously reported an outbreak of avian influenza in three local governments namely Igoetiti, Nkanu west and Udi following the resurgence of avian influenza in 2015. Traceback investigation on affected farms showed a direct link of confirmed outbreaks to the presence of apparently healthy asymptomatic local chicken roaming freely as resident local chicken within intensive farms. However, there was a paucity of data to support this hypothesis. Two hundred (200) serum samples were obtained from apparently healthy local chicken at the live bird market (Ibagwa Nkwo Nsukka) and purposively selected households within Enugu state. Serology for Avian influenza-specific antibodies was conducted using the Agar Gel immunodiffusion test. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to access the level of awareness of respondents to avian influenza (AI), management practices that may be associated with suspected cases of avian influenza and accessibility to veterinary care within the study area. The level of awareness for avian influenza was low, 31(48.4%), there was no association between gender, education of respondents and level of awareness about avian influenza within the study area, (P = 0.348, χ² =  1.035; df = 2), (P = 0.329, χ² = 2.225; df = 2). 53(82.8%) of the respondents reported to be aware of the availability of veterinary care; however, 21(39.6%) reported that limited fund was militating factor in accessing the services. Risk factors to avian influenza zoonosis included consumption of dead poultry “Morta,” (22, 34.4%); open disposal of carcasses (23, 35.9%) and mixing of local chickens with known reservoirs of avian influenza where ducks (76, 17.2%) and pigeons (119, 26.9%) were very common. Serological findings showed that all 200 samples (serum) were negative for avian influenza antibodies, premised on this finding, it was concluded that local chickens may not serve as reservoirs of avian influenza in the study area within the time frame.
Matumizi ya Lugha Kwenye Malezi ya Watoto: Mfano wa Matumizi ya Semi Katika Jamii ya Wamasaaba Nchini Uganda
Authors: Wanyenya Willy
Published: June 2020

Katika makala haya, mtafiti anaeleza jinsi lugha inavyotumiwa na wazazi katika shughuli yao ya kulea watoto. Alifanya hivyo kwa kurejelea malezi ya watoto katika jamii ya Wamasaaba nchini Uganda. Kwa kurejelea jamii hii, mtafiti alieleza namna wazazi wanavyotumia lugha kulea watoto wao.  Alifanya hivyo kwa kunukuu baadhi ya semi ambazo zinasemekana zinatumiwa na wazazi katika shughuli ya kulea watoto. Ni kweli kwamba lugha yoyote ile hufanya kazi nyingi sana kama vile kutumbuiza watu, kuficha siri, kuseng’enya watu, kuibia watu, kutongozana, kushawishi, kugombana, kujitetea, kufundisha, nakadhalika. Hii ni kwa sababu bila kutumia lugha, mtu hawezi akaimba, akagombana, akaiba kwa kudang’anya, akafundisha, akaseng’enya, akatongoza, n.k. Hata hivyo, katika makala haya, mtafiti alijikita kwenye malezi ya watoto. Katika kazi hii, mtafiti alizingatia semi mbalimbali ambazo Wamasaaba huzitumia kwa ajili ya kuwaelekeza watoto wao ili wasije wakatenda maovu ukubwani. Katika jamii mbalimbali, watu hutumia lugha kutekeleza jambo hili. Jamii hasa zile za jadi zilitumia lugha kuwaelekeza watoto wao. Kuna namna ambavyo walisuka lugha kisanaa kwa lengo la kufunza watoto wao. Hii ni kwa sababu hawakuwa na madarasa maalumu mwa kufunzia watoto wao kama ilivyo sasa. Katika jamii hizo, shule zenyewe hazikuwepo. Kwa hiyo, lugha ndiyo ilikuwa chombo maalumu cha kufunzia watoto. Matumizi ya lugha yalidhamiria kukuza watoto wenye tabia nzuri. Hii ni kwa sababu watoto wenye tabia mbaya waliletea wazazi wao aibu. Hivyo basi, katika kazi hii, mtafiti alijikita katika matumizi ya lugha na kueleza jinsi Wamasaaba wanavyotumia semi mbalimbali kuelekeza watoto wao kitabia.
Placental OPRM1 DNA methylation and associations with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, a pilot study
Authors: Wachman Elisha M. , Wang Alice , Isley Breanna C. , Boateng Jeffery , Beierle Jacob A. , Hansbury Aaron , Shrestha Hira , Bryant Camron , Zhang Huiping
Published: June 2020

Aims: Epigenetic variation of DNA methylation of the mu-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) has been identified in the blood and saliva of individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) and infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS). It is unknown whether epigenetic variation in OPRM1 exists within placental tissue in women with OUD and whether it is associated with NOWS outcomes. In this pilot study, we aimed to 1) examine the association between placental OPRM1 DNA methylation levels and NOWS outcomes, and 2) compare OPRM1 methylation levels in opioid-exposed versus non-exposed control placentas.
Methods: Placental tissue was collected from eligible opioid (n = 64) and control (n = 29) women after delivery. Placental DNA was isolated and methylation levels at six cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites within the OPRM1 promoter were quantified. Methylation levels were evaluated for associations with infant NOWS outcome measures: need for pharmacologic treatment, length of hospital stay (LOS), morphine treatment days, and treatment with two medications. Regression models were created and adjusted for clinical co-variates. Methylation levels between opioid and controls placentas were also compared.
Results: The primary opioid exposures were methadone and buprenorphine. Forty-nine (76.6%) of the opioid-exposed infants required pharmacologic treatment, 10 (15.6%) two medications, and average LOS for all opioid-exposed infants was 16.5 (standard deviation 9.7) days. There were no significant associations between OPRM1 DNA methylation levels in the six CpG sites and any NOWS outcome measures. No significant differences were found in methylation levels between the opioid and control samples.
Conclusions: No significant associations were found between OPRM1 placental DNA methylation levels and NOWS severity in this pilot cohort. In addition, no significant differences were seen in OPRM1 methylation in opioid versus control placentas. Future association studies examining methylation levels on a genome-wide level are warranted.
Flyback Converter with Quadratic Pre-Stage
Authors: Himmelstoss Felix A. , Edelmoser Karl H.
Published: June 2020

A flyback converter with an additional step-down stage with a tapped inductor is presented. The function of the converter is described and the voltage transformation rates for the continuous mode are derived. The dimensioning equations for the devices are given. The dynamic model is calculated and simulations are shown. The converter enables an isolated output and shows a wide range in the transformation rate. It is especially useful for small solar applications in addition to a micro-inverter.
Controlling Noise and Gas Emissions by a New Design of Diesel Particulate Filters
Authors: Fayyad Sayel M.
Published: June 2020

A theoretical and numerical studies on Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) and its working principal in controlling noise and exhaust gasses emissions is presented here. This research includes a study of current Martials types that is used in diesel particulate nowadays and on a new materials and technologies that we can use in future. A new design of DPF is presented here. Unfortunately, in Jordan we face an environmental problems caused by diesel engines and the production of NOx and other exhaust gases and particulate matter. The main reason of this problem is the low specification of diesel fuel that is used in Jordan, which leads to shorten the life time of the Diesel particulate filters and leading to block them in some intensive cases. This problems leads to increasing the pollutant in the air which can harm the people's health, animal and plants, so this research goal is to find a solution for the diesel particulate filter life time and to control the environmental emissions and engines noise resulted from gas dynamics. It is found that the developed design of DPF achieves about 22% increase in its performance in both gas emission and noise reductions comparing with the traditional one.
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK INDIVIDU DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA BADAN PENGELOLAAN PAJAK DAN RETRIBUSI DAERAH UPT SAMSAT PEMATANGSIANTAR
Authors: Desyinta Devi , Lie Darwin , Efendi Efendi , Putri Debi Eka
Published: June 2020

The result of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. Individual Characteristic and Work Environment on Employee Performance are good. 2. The analysis regression is Ŷ = 20,910 + 0,816X1 + 0,399X2 have a positive influence between individual characteristic and work environment to employee performance. 3. The correlation result of r = 0,799, the analysis correlation have a moderately high and positive correlation between individual characteristic, work environment with the employee performance. 4. The result of coefficient of determination can be explained the level of employee performance is 63.90%, and the remaining 36.10% is explained by other factors not discussed in this study. From the results of the processing and calculation of the questionnaire, the authors concluded that the individual characteristics and work environment conducted by the Badan Pengelolaan Pajak dan Retribusi Daerah UPT SAMSAT Pematangsiantar had a positive and significant effect on employee performance. This is evidenced by simultaneous hypothesis testing, where the results of the test are calculated (36,214 )> ftabel (3.23) with a significance level of 0,000 < 0,05. Keywords: Individual Characteristic, Work Environment, and Employee Performance
PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK DAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PADA PERCETAKAN ANEKA JAYA PEMATANGSIANTAR
Authors: Agustina Eva , Lie Darwin , Butarbutar Marisi , Nainggolan Nana Triapnita
Published: June 2020

The results of this study can be summarized as namely: 1. The quality of the product is good, the customer agrees that the price and satisfaction of the customer are satisfied. 2. Product quality and price have a positive effect on customer satisfaction in Aneka Jaya Pematangsiantar Printing. 3. There is a high and positive relationship between product quality and price to customer satisfaction. Then the high and low customer satisfaction can be explained by product quality and price. 4. H0 hypothesis is rejected, meaning that product quality and price have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction in Aneka Jaya Pematangsiantar Printing both simultaneously and partially. Keywords: Product Quality, Price and Customer Satisfaction
PENGARUH KEPRIBADIAN DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA KANTOR KEMENTERIAN AGAMA KOTA PEMATANGSIANTAR
Authors: Fatmala Kiki , Lie Darwin , Efendi Efendi , Nainggolan Lora Ekana
Published: June 2020

The suggestation of this research results are: 1. To improve personality employees in carrying out tasks should pay attention to the time and result of what is done. 2. To increase motivation it is better if agencies provide bonuses or incentives and hold annual or monthly holidays so that they can increase the motivation and work spirit of employee. 3. To improve the employee performance of employees should complete their tasks according to the targets set by the agency. Keywords: Personality, Motivation, and Employee Performance
Zwicky Transient Facility Constraints on the Optical Emission from the Nearby Repeating FRB 180916.J0158+65
Authors: Andreoni Igor , Lu Wenbin , Smith Roger M. , Masci Frank J. , Bellm Eric C. , Graham Matthew J. , Kaplan David L. , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Kaye Stephen , Kupfer Thomas , Laher Russ R. , Mahabal Ashish A. , Nordin Jakob , Porter Michael , Prince Thomas A. , Reiley Dan , Riddle Reed , Van Roestel Joannes , Yao Yuhan
Published: June 2020

The discovery rate of fast radio bursts (FRBs) is increasing dramatically thanks to new radio facilities. Meanwhile, wide-field instruments such as the 47 deg2 Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) survey the optical sky to study transient and variable sources. We present serendipitous ZTF observations of the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) repeating source FRB 180916.J0158+65 that was localized to a spiral galaxy 149 Mpc away and is the first FRB suggesting periodic modulation in its activity. While 147 ZTF exposures corresponded to expected high-activity periods of this FRB, no single ZTF exposure was at the same time as a CHIME detection. No >3σ optical source was found at the FRB location in 683 ZTF exposures, totaling 5.69 hr of integration time. We combined ZTF upper limits and expected repetitions from FRB 180916.J0158+65 in a statistical framework using a Weibull distribution, agnostic of periodic modulation priors. The analysis yielded a constraint on the ratio between the optical and radio fluences of η ≲ 200, corresponding to an optical energy E
opt ≲ 3 × 1046 erg for a fiducial 10 Jy ms FRB (90% confidence). A deeper (but less statistically robust) constraint of η ≲ 3 can be placed assuming a rate of

and 1.2 ± 1.1 FRB occurring during exposures taken in high-activity windows. The constraint can be improved with shorter per-image exposures and longer integration time, or observing FRBs at higher Galactic latitudes. This work demonstrated how current surveys can statistically constrain multiwavelength counterparts to FRBs even without deliberately scheduled simultaneous radio observation.
3D Numerical Simulations of Solar Quiet Chromosphere Wave Heating
Authors: Murawski K. , Musielak Z. E. , Wójcik D.
Published: June 2020

Despite numerous observational and theoretical attempts, the heating problem of the solar chromosphere still remains unsolved. We develop a novel 3D two-fluid model that accounts for dynamics of charged species and neutrals, and use it to perform the numerical simulations of granulation driven jets and associated waves in a quiet region of the solar chromosphere. The energy carried by the waves is dissipated through ion–neutral collisions, which are sufficient to balance radiative energy losses and to sustain the quasi-stationary atmosphere whose ion and neutral number densities, ionization fraction, and temperature profiles are relatively close to the observationally based semi-empirical model. Additional verification of our results is provided by a good fit of the numerically predicted waveperiod variations with height to the recent observational data. These observational validations of the numerical results demonstrate that the wave heating problem of a quiet region of the chromosphere may be solved.
Novel approaches to treat resistant hypertension
Authors: Cherneva Aleksandra , Petrov Ivo
Published: June 2020

Treatment-resistant hypertension, or resistant hypertension (RH), is defined as arterial hypertension (AH) despite treatment with three properly dosed antihypertensive drugs, at least one of which is a diuretic. Resistant hypertension is associated with an increased incidence of adverse cardiovascular events, renal impairment, and increased mortality. The main treatment of patients with RH is based on maximizing doses of antihypertensive drugs from different groups and adding drugs with complementary mechanisms of action. Despite the combination treatment involving multiple antihypertensive drugs, a small but significant group of patients remains with uncontrolled hypertension, emphasizing the need to find and put into practice new therapies to lower high arterial blood pressure (BP). Among these new methods of treatment, the most promising is the renal sympathetic denervation, showing positive results with the second generation devices.

This review summarizes current knowledge about the treatment of RH, with an emphasis on new therapeutic strategies to achieve optimal blood pressure control.
Incest Between Brother and Sister: or the Absence of Symbolisation of Violence from one Generation to the Next
Authors: Razon Laure , Ellerby Kirsten
Published: June 2020

L’inceste frères-sœurs s’enracine dans une défaillance des fonctions parentales. Défaillances concernant la fragilité de la loi de l’interdit de l’inceste mais aussi concernant la fonction protectrice maternelle. La violence devient alors le lien dominant et constituant de la structure familiale. S’opère alors une confusion des places et une répétition de la violence à la génération suivante. Nous développons dans cet article cette configuration spécifique à certains incestes frères-sœurs. L’inceste dans la fratrie ne se résume pas à une identification à l’agresseur (au père primitif) puisqu’il s’agit d’inclure dans l’acte violent la dimension sexuelle. Dans cette perspective nous posons l’hypothèse que l’acte incestueux du fils-agresseur est l’écho d’un fantasme-non fantasme incestueux présent chez le père. L’incestuel du père s’exprimant par le legs d’une place privilégiée pour l’un des enfants. Cette place serait le point d’expression de la violence incestueuse. L’enfant existant du côté de l’imaginaire défaillant du père serait le frère à détruire. L’acte incestueux serait une tentative de faire lien symbolique auprès du père en tuant le frère qui occupe cette place. Tentative s’inscrivant dans le même temps dans l’impossibilité de se confronter à un père qui ressemble à celui de la horde primitive.
Le designer de l’Anthropocène : vers une éthique de l’habitabilité élargie
Authors: Denoual Fabienne
Published: June 2020

Le régime anthropocénique, qui impose ses nouveaux contours au vivant en menaçant rien de moins que l’habitabilité du monde, oblige le design, comme l’ensemble des pratiques, des activités et des disciplines humaines, à une profonde métamorphose. La question qui s’ouvre est de savoir ce qui pourrait conditionner l’existence d’un design de l’Anthropocène, c’est-à-dire d’une pratique du projet qui serait à même de favoriser, à l’aune d’un système de contraintes exigeant, réduction et décroissance. Dans quelles matières puiser pour faire surgir des modes d’existence aptes à s’adapter à des territoires mouvants aux frontières devenues obsolètes ? Ne pourrions-nous pas chercher à bâtir une éthique de l’habitabilité adaptée au nouveau régime biogéochimique de la terre ?
L’éco-design ou l’épreuve de l’invisible écologique
Authors: Beaubois Vincent , Ferrari François-Xavier
Published: June 2020

L’éco-design se définit souvent comme une pratique méthodologique qui consiste à évaluer les impacts environnementaux d’un produit ou d’un service à partir d’une analyse systémique en termes de cycle de vie dans le but de reconcevoir celui-ci. Par-delà l’aspect opérationnel et les critiques que l’on peut faire de cette approche, nous souhaitons montrer que cette pratique engage également une véritable métaphysique de notre rapport au monde par le design . À l’heure de l’Anthropocène, elle cherche à rendre sensible « l’invisible » qui donne sa consistance aux choses formant notre monde vécu.
Non-profit organization-business value co-creation: conceptualization and scale development
Authors: Díaz-Perdomo Yolanda , Álvarez-González Luis Ignacio , Sanzo-Pérez María José
Published: June 2020

The value co-creation strategy is adopted by companies in its relationships with stakeholders as a mechanism to improve the performance of its activities. Both from the perspective of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices carried out by companies, and from the approach of the mission that non-profit organizations (NPOs) must effectively fulfil, adopt the strategy of co-creation in activities, projects, programs, etc. that both entities jointly develop is essential to achieve the expected organizational and social value. However, although the value co-creation between companies and its stakeholders (mainly customers) has been substantially investigated in recent years, there is a significant gap in both theoretical and empirical research into the adoption by the NPOs of said management approach in its collaborative relationships with companies. Therefore, after reviewing the literature on co-creation, an NPO-business value co-creation scale is developed in the empirical part, consisting of four basic dimensions: participation, reciprocity, learning, and engagement. The proposed scale shows reliability and construct validity (convergent and discriminant). The main conclusions and practical implications that this management strategy has for organizations are presented.
How do servant leaders promote radical innovation? The role of organizational learning capability
Authors: Domínguez-Escrig Emilio , Mallén Broch Francisco Fermín , Lapiedra Alcamí Rafael , Chiva Gómez Ricardo
Published: June 2020

Through structural equations, this study provides empirical evidence of the positive effect of servant leadership on radical innovation, using organizational learning capability as a mediator variable. The study is based on a sampling frame of 402 Spanish companies, which are characterized by the excellent management of their human resources. 142 different firms participated in the study, and 2 questionnaires were obtained per company. Data were collected between 2010 and 2015. Human resource and innovation managers participated by answering the questionnaires during telephone interviews. All the hypotheses were validated. Servant leadership has a positive effect on organizational learning capability, while the effect of the latter construct on radical innovation is also positive. This study has implications for the literature on leadership, innovation and organizational learning. In addition, it has practical applications, suggesting how to foster innovative organizational performance by improving workplace conditions.
The perception of educational brand capital in the Spanish context: a proposal for measurement with internal stakeholders
Authors: Casanoves-Boix Javier , Pinazo-Dallenbach Pablo , Flores-Pérez José Ricardo
Published: June 2020

This research was carried out to develop and validate a measurement scale to determine internal stakeholders’ perceptions of university brand capital by internal stakeholders. To this end, the main contributions in the literature related to the study of brand capital and its application in the educational sector were analysed, identifying which variables determine brand capital in this sector. Once a suitable model was established, an empirical study was realised using a sample of 303 valid responses from lecturers at two Spanish universities (one public and one private). In order to validate the proposed construct, the partial least squares method (PLS) has been applied. The results obtained show the significance of all the variables, while laying the foundation for university managers to develop marketing strategies adapted to maximize the building of educational brand capital.
Tibial Fracture Healing Score: A Novel Tool to Predict Tibial Nonunion
Authors: Jang Yohan , Gaski Greg , Natoli Roman , Virkus Walter , Mckinley Todd
Published: June 2020

The aim of the study was to investigate the utility of a simple office-based tool in predicting the need for secondary intervention to obtain union in patients with tibial fractures. All patients 18 years and older with isolated tibial shaft fractures (OTA 41A, 42A-C, and 43A) treated with intramedullary nailing from 2013 to 2017 were screened. Eighty-seven patients met enrollment criteria. Surgeon assessment of the following 3 clinical parameters was performed at routine office visits and scored as follows: (1) pain (none/mild/decreased=1, no change/increased=0); (2) function (minimal limp/able to perform a single-leg stance=1, significant limp/unable to perform single-leg stance=0); and (3) examination (no/minimal pain with manipulation=1, pain with manipulation=0). Radiographic healing was assessed by the adjusted radiographic union scale in tibial fractures (aRUST). The tibial fracture healing score (TFHS) is the sum of 3 clinical scores (0 to 3) and aRUST score (1 to 3) at 3 months postoperatively. The overall nonunion rate was 11%. A RUST score of 5 or less and a sum of the 3 clinical scores of less than 2 at 3 months were found be predictive of nonunion. A TFHS of less than 3 at 3 months was more reliable in identifying patients requiring nonunion repair, especially for those with minimal radiographic healing (RUST score 6 or 7) at 3 months. The TFHS is a simple office-based clinical tool that may identify patients at high risk of nonunion (TFHS <3) following isolated tibial shaft fracture more effectively than clinical examination or radiographic assessment alone. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(4);e323–e328.]
NEVER TO BE ALONE: Existential Therapy with Battered Women
Authors: Weingourt Rita
Published: June 2020

Many battered women were battered as children or witnessed the battering of their mother. They see the world as a lonely, dangerous place in which survival depends on finding a protector. The goal is
Obraz v velikem planu in pripovedna transparentnost
Authors: Zorman Barbara
Published: June 2020

V prvem delu prispevka primerjam različne teoretske poglede na funkcije obraza v filmskem velikem planu. Balázs meni, da spričo povečave prikazanega obraza, ki vzbuja občutek intenzivne bližine, nastane premik v naraciji iz dogajalnega gibanja v mikrogibanje. Deleuze izpostavi veliki plan kot entiteto (ločeno od prostorsko-časovnih koordinat, iz katerih izhaja), kjer obrazni izraz postane nosilec afekta, obenem pa obraz izgubi funkcije individualizacije, socializacije in komunikacije, ki so ga predhodno opredeljevale. Barthes piše o obrazu filmske zvezde v vlogi maske, Greco pa o vplivu pogleda, ki ga maska iz ekrana usmerja v gledalca. Plantinga analizira vlogo obraza v »prizorih empatije«. V drugem delu članka analiziram film Roka Bička Razredni sovražnik (2013). Netransparentnost obraza se izraža najočitneje pri reprezentaciji lika Sabine, ki sošolce pretrese s samomorom. Nedostopnost Sabinine subjektivnosti predstavljajo bližnji prikazi njenega obraza v kontekstu spominskih predstav njene prijateljice in maske, ustvarjene po fotografiji Sabininega obraza, ki si jih nadenejo njeni sošolci. Sabinin obraz je slepa pega filmske pripovedi; čeprav se pred nami razkriva scela, je njegov pomen odprt, nedoumljiv. Eden od učinkov takega prikaza je zavrnitev obraza kot »znakovnega instrumenta« (Eleftheriotis) oziroma kot transparentne površine, hkrati pa tudi zavrnitev prisvajanja oziroma redukcije skrivnostne drugosti obrazov bližnjih na berljive emocije oziroma afekte.
Types of “Animalist” Focalization in Bulgarian Literature
Authors: Zahova Kalina
Published: June 2020

Proceeding from the belief that in a world shaped by violent anthropodomination literature takes important part in the substitution of real nonhuman animals with their false cultural duplicates, the paper offers examples of Bulgarian literary works about nonhuman animals and tries to examine the different angles of focalization in them. In Bulgarian literary history there is a (disputed) tradition of differentiating a certain literary branch called “animalist fiction” or “animalist literature”, distinguished predominantly on thematic basis (stories about nonhuman animals), and considered classical realistic literature for adults (or rather for all ages), not literature for children. Such works include a variety of focalization types: from extreme anthropocentrism, through pseudoanimalist focalization, up to claimed “objectivism”. All these types show that escaping anthropocentrism and achieving real nonhuman animal representation seems impossible, so the inevitable anthropocentrism should at least try to be honest. Bulgarian classical realist “animalist” fiction testifies that “animalist” focalization can never be purely nonhuman, inasmuch as literary narrative always originates from the human imagination, gets expressed through a human language, and is experienced by human perception. Focalization always includes the human, but in the best cases it can resist violent anthropodomination by being empathic for the good of the nonhuman animals.
La participación económica de las extranjeras en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires desde fines del siglo XIX. La brecha con las nativas
Authors: Mazzeo Victoria
Published: June 2020

A partir de mediados del siglo XIX se produce una aceleración del crecimiento de la ciudad, que coincide con una nueva etapa de la vida económica argentina. A fines de dicho siglo más de la mitad de su población no había nacido en Argentina. Se detalla el proceso de feminización de la migración internacional utilizando datos censales. Se muestra cuántas y quiénes fueron las extranjeras, de dónde provinieron y cuál fue su participación en la actividad económica, en especial se comparan sus ocupaciones con las nativas.
La historia pendiente: exiliadas argentinas de los setenta. Una aproximación a través de las cartas
Authors: Ortuño Martínez Bárbara
Published: June 2020

Este trabajo es un acercamiento al exilio argentino de los años setenta, en particular el que tuvo como destino España, desde la historia de las mujeres. A lo largo de las siguientes líneas incidiremos, por un lado, en el vacío historiográfico referido a las exiliadas, quienes compusieron la mitad de esta migración forzada tras la implantación de la última dictadura cívico-militar (1976-1983). Y, por otro, analizaremos el fondo «Cartas de la Dictadura» para ahondar en las virtudes y defectos de los epistolarios albergados, deteniéndonos en sus posibilidades para el estudio de lo público y lo privado con una perspectiva de género.
«Infieles traídos de la guerra del sur». Perspectivas desde el bautismo de indios cautivos y desnaturalizados de la guerra de Arauco (Santiago de Chile, 1585-1610)
Authors: Valenzuela Márquez Jaime
Published: June 2020

Durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVI la conquista del sur de Chile es infructuosa. La guerra de Arauco instala así un «enemigo interno» al que se debe destruir o desterrar gracias a razias cuya violencia se despliega con fuerza entre los dos grandes alzamientos del período (1553 y 1598). El objetivo del artículo es examinar las huellas que dejaron los mapuche-huilliches desnaturalizados a la capital de Chile bajo esta lógica esclavista avant la lettre, utilizando los registros de bautismo para la coyuntura que antecede a la aplicación de la cédula que legalizó su esclavitud en 1608.
El príncipe de Santo Buono, sus deudos y criados en el virreinato del Perú (1716-1720)
Authors: Gálvez Ruiz María Ángeles
Published: June 2020

Las circunstancias sobre el nombramiento del príncipe de Santo Buono como virrey del Perú y el traslado de la corte virreinal dan inicio al presente trabajo. Ha sido también objeto de estudio la composición de los séquitos y otros servidores agregados que acompañaron a Santo Buono al Perú, así como el papel que cumplieron varios de sus deudos y criados en el gobierno virreinal. Sus acciones influyeron de manera destacada en el juicio de residencia del virrey.
Las relaciones culturales, el otro camino. Cuba y la España franquista, 1948-1952
Authors: Figueredo Cabrera Katia
Published: June 2020

El presente trabajo analiza el papel de las relaciones culturales entre la España de Franco y la Cuba de Carlos Prío Socarrás. Sobre todo, en aquellos años inmediatos al término de la II Guerra Mundial cuando la dictadura franquista, convaleciente aún de la Guerra Civil y aislada del escenario internacional, no tuvo más opciones que abandonar sus ínfulas de hegemonía imperial, de madre venerada, y pasar a una nueva fase de colaboración amistosa y de cooperación permanente con la otra orilla del Atlántico. Esta ocasión fue aprovechada además para legitimar la legalidad política del régimen frente al boicot diplomático, y para exportar, de paso, el modelo cultural del nuevo Estado español, ungido de españolismo, tradición y fe.
O culto eucarístico lucense como resposta ao priscilianismo? Ler na actualidade Argos Divina
Authors: García Tato Isidro
Published: June 2020

Este trabajo pretende responder a la cuestión de si la exposición perpetua del Santísimo en la catedral de Lugo nació como reacción a las doctrinas priscilianistas, que contrarias a la divinidad de Cristo en su dualismo maniqueo abogaban por un rechazo de todo lo material, incluidas las especies eucarísticas. Para ello, presenta la evolución del culto eucarístico desde los primeros tiempos hasta el siglo XVI con la reforma protestante y el concilio de Trento. Al mismo tiempo se presenta la doctrina de la obra Argos Divina (Santiago, 1700) de Juan Pallares y Gayoso, lectoral de la catedral lucense, del origen antipriscilianista de la exposición eucarística, y las interpretaciones posteriores de esta obra. A tenor de lo expuesto, teniendo en cuenta el examen de las fuentes históricas, se concluye que la exposición eucarística lucense no es anterior al siglo XVI.

[gl] Este traballo pretende responder á cuestión de se a exposición perpetua do Santísimo na catedral de Lugo naceu como reacción ás doutrinas priscilianistas, que contrarias á divindade de Cristo no seu dualismo maniqueo avogaban por un rexeitamento de todo o material, incluídas as especies eucarísticas. Para iso, presenta a evolución do culto eucarístico desde os primeiros tempos ata o século XVI coa reforma protestante e o concilio de Trento. Ao mesmo tempo preséntase a doutrina da obra Argos Divina (Santiago, 1700) de Juan Pallares e Gayoso, lectoral da catedral lucense, da orixe antipriscilianista da exposición eucarística, e as interpretacións posteriores desta obra. A teor do exposto, tendo en conta o exame das fontes históricas, conclúese que a exposición eucarística lucense non é anterior ao século XVI.
La arquitectura de la humildad. El convento alcantarino de San Francisco del Rosal en Mondoñedo
Authors: Gómez Darriba Javier
Published: June 2020

En 1727 el obispo fray Juan Muñoz y Salcedo decidió establecer en la ciudad de Mondoñedo el primer y único convento de la Reforma de San Pedro de Alcántara en Galicia. Desde entonces y hasta 1731 se construyó bajo la dirección del lego y maestro de obras fray Lorenzo de Santa Teresa. Actualmente solo se conserva la iglesia, la capilla de la Venerable Orden Tercera y uno de sus claustros. Nuestro objetivo en el presente trabajo es explicar los motivos por los que se erigió, dar a conocer a los maestros y canteros que lo edificaron, las distintas fases de la construcción, describir su morfología original, y reseñar asimismo sus primitivos altares. Para ello nos valdremos de varios fondos documentales y de antiguas fotografías.

[gl] En 1727 o bispo frei Juan Muñoz y Salcedo decidiu establecer na cidade de Mondoñedo o primeiro e único convento da Reforma de San Pedro de Alcántara en Galicia. Dende entón e ata 1731 construíuse baixo a dirección do freire e mestre de obras frei Lorenzo de Santa Teresa. Actualmente só se conserva a igrexa, a capela da Venerable Orde Terceira e un dos seus claustros. O noso obxectivo no presente traballo é explicar os motivos polos que se erixiu, dar a coñecer os mestres e canteiros que o edificaron, as distintas fases da construción, describir a súa morfoloxía orixinal, e reseñar tamén os seus primitivos altares. Pra isto servirémonos de varios fondos documentais e de antigas fotografías.
Pedro Peinador y la planimetría artística pacega de la Casa de Camarasa
Authors: Sánchez González Antonio
Published: June 2020

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo el estudio de una serie artística de representaciones de diversos pazos y fortalezas gallegas, emplazados en dominios vinculados a los marqueses de Camarasa, que se conservan en la sección de “Mapas y Planos” del Archivo Ducal de Medinaceli, no hace mucho catalogada. La serie se compone de siete bellos planos paisajísticos realizados en 1805 por Pedro Peinador Castrillo, cuya figura aquí descubrimos. El autor de esta planimetría histórica demuestra, por un lado, un profundo conocimiento de los dominios gallegos vinculados a la Casa nobiliaria titular de esos inmuebles (Amarante, Ribadavia, San Miguel das Penas, Puebla de Parga, Oca...) por su condición de administrador general entre 1779 y 1817. Pero, por encima de ello, Peinador en estos bellos planos manifiesta sus dotes de gran dibujante e ilustrador, que domina la técnica de la composición sobre las artes cartográficas, desvelando una faceta suya no del todo potenciada hasta ahora ni tampoco en toda su extensión.

[gl] Este traballo ten como obxectivo o estudo dunha serie artística de representacións de diversos pazos e fortalezas galegas, emprazados en dominios vinculados aos marqueses de Camarasa, que se conservan na sección de “Mapas e Planos” do Arquivo Ducal de Medinaceli, non hai moito catalogada. A serie componse de sete fermosos planos paisaxísticos realizados en 1805 por Pedro Peinador Castrillo, cuxa figura aquí descubrimos. O autor desta planimetría histórica demostra, por unha banda, un profundo coñecemento dos dominios galegos vinculados á Casa nobiliaria titular deses inmobles (Amarante, Ribadavia, San Miguel das Penas, Poboa de Parga, Oca...) pola súa condición de administrador xeral entre 1779 e 1817. Pero, por encima diso, Peinador nestes belos planos manifesta as súas dotes de gran debuxante e ilustrador, que domina a técnica da composición sobre as artes cartográficas, desvelando unha faceta súa non de todo potenciada ata agora nin tampouco en toda a súa extensión.
Los plateros de la catedral de Santiago de Compostela en la primera mitad del siglo XIX
Authors: Pérez Varela Ana
Published: June 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es aportar una serie de datos acerca de los plateros oficiales de la fábrica compostelana en la primera mitad del siglo XIX, de los que hasta ahora se desconoce prácticamente todo. Nuestra metodología se ha centrado en un vaciado de fuentes del Archivo de la Catedral de Santiago y el Archivo Histórico Universitario, contrastadas con la bibliografía pertinente, para rescatar los nombres de los cuatro plateros que realizaron obras y conservaron la plata existente en la fábrica en dicha centuria. De este modo hemos sido capaces de comparar esta información con la correspondiente a la segunda mitad, mucho más numerosa e interesante, certificando la gran diferencia entre la primera y la segunda parte del siglo. En el periodo cronológico que abarca este artículo podemos comprobar que el cargo de platero oficial fue inestable, y apenas se realiza obra nueva, realidad que contrasta con la gran importancia que sabemos que alcanzaron los plateros de las últimas décadas del ochocientos.

[gl] Obxectivo deste traballo é aportar unha serie de datos sobre os prateiros oficiais da fábrica compostelá na primeira metade do século XIX, dos que até agora se descoñece practicamente todo. A nosa metodoloxía centrouse nun baleirado de fontes do Arquivo da Catedral de Santiago e o Arquivo Histórico Universitario, contrastadas coa bibliografía pertinente, para rescatar os nomes dos catro prateiros que realizaron obras e conservaron a prata existente na fábrica en dita centuria. Deste xeito fomos capaces de comparar a información coa correspondente da segunda metade, moito máis numerosa e interesante, certificando a gran diferenza entre a primeira e a segunda parte do século. No período cronolóxico que abarca este artigo podemos comprobar que o cargo de prateiro oficial foi inestábel, e apenas se realiza obra nova, realidade que contrasta coa gran importancia que sabemos que alcanzaron os prateiros das últimas décadas.
La institución de La Gota de Leche de Santiago de Compostela (1904-1980)
Authors: Manresa López María del Carmen , Ponte Hernando Fernando J. , Pascual Bueno José
Published: June 2020

En este artículo se aborda la creación y puesta en funcionamiento de la Institución de «La Gota de Leche» de Santiago de Compostela, a partir de diversas fuentes primarias archivísticas y de prensa. Aunque el inicio de su actividad fue tardía en comparación con otras ciudades similares, sus beneficios pronto se dejaron ver, a través del descenso de las cifras de mortalidad infantil. Estructurado en un consultorio de niños de pecho que seleccionaba los que pasaban a La Gota de Leche, consulta prenatal, asistencia a partos a domicilio y centro de vacunación, constituyendo, en conjunto, el Instituto Municipal de Puericultura. La labor asistencial sirvió de base para el nuevo modelo de atención de 1941, con la promulgación de la Ley de Seguridad Social que provocó la desaparición de estas instituciones. Abordamos el perfil de los empleados de la institución y las polémicas y críticas en torno a la labor desarrollada en las Gotas de Leche.

[gl] Este artigo trata da creación e posta en marcha da institución “La Gota de Leche” en Santiago de Compostela, baseada en diversas fontes primarias de arquivos e prensa. Aínda que o inicio da súa actividade foi tardío en comparación con outras cidades similares, pronto se viron os seus beneficios, por mor do descenso das cifras de mortalidade infantil. Estruturado nunha consulta pediátrica que seleccionou aos nenos que foron á “La Gota de Leche”, consulta prenatal, asistencia a domicilio e centro de vacinación, formando xuntos o Instituto Municipal de Puericultura. O traballo de asistencia serviu de base para o novo modelo asistencial de 1941, coa promulgación da Lei da Seguridade Social que provocou a desaparición destas institucións. Abordamos o perfil dos empregados da institución e as polémicas e críticas sobre o traballo desenvolvido nas “Gota de Leche”.
Génesis, desarrollo e instrumentalización de la sociedad Amigos de los Árboles de A Coruña (1911-1983)
Authors: Carballo Gende Enrique
Published: June 2020

La sociedad de Amigos de los Árboles de A Coruña nació en 1911 como iniciativa de una parte de las élites y la mesocracia burguesas para celebrar la Fiesta del Árbol. En sus primeros años fue muy activa, y proporcionaba servicios y conocimiento a los socios silvicultores. Mantuvo buenas relaciones con las autoridades y fue clave en la difusión de la Fiesta del Árbol por la provincia, si bien fue perdiendo empuje sobre todo en los años treinta. Sobrevivió a la Guerra Civil, y, pese a ser suspendida durante algunos años de la posguerra, a partir de 1950 volvió a tener actividad hasta 1981. En esta etapa su actividad casi única fue fomentar la Fiesta del Árbol en la provincia de A Coruña, para lo que contó con un apoyo de los gobernadores civiles que contrasta con el conjunto del país, en el que la festividad se había extinguido. Esta resurrección, creemos, tuvo al menos parcialmente carácter propagandístico a favor del Gobierno, y está relacionada con la reforestación por parte del Estado de los montes comunales gallegos, de interés estratégico y económico para las autoridades pero que generó oposición por parte de los habitantes del campo.

[gl] A sociedade de Amigos de los Árboles de A Coruña naceu en 1911 como iniciativa dunha parte das elites e a mesocracia burguesas para celebrar a Fiesta del Árbol. Nos seus primeiros anos foi moi activa, e proporcionaba servizos e coñecemento aos socios silvicultores. Mantivo boas relacións coas autoridades e foi clave na difusión da Fiesta del Árbol pola provincia, aínda que foi perdendo empuxe sobre todo nos anos trinta. Sobreviviu á Guerra Civil, e, a pesar de ser suspendida durante algúns anos da posguerra, a partir de 1950 volveu ter actividade ata 1981. Nesta etapa a súa actividade case única foi fomentar a Fiesta del Árbol na provincia da Coruña, para o que contou cun apoio dos gobernadores civís que contrasta co conxunto do país, no que a festividade estaba extinta. Esta resurrección, cremos, tivo polo menos parcialmente carácter propagandístico en favor do Goberno e está relacionada coa reforestación por parte do Estado dos montes comunais galegos, de interese estratéxico e económico para o Goberno pero que xerou oposición por parte dos habitantes do campo.
Izergin–Korepin analysis on the wavefunctions of the $U_q(\mathrm {sl}_2)$ six-vertex model with reﬂecting end
Authors: Motegi Kohei
Published: June 2020

We extend the recently developed Izergin–Korepin analysis on the wavefunctions of the

U_q(\mathrm {sl}_2)

six-vertex model to the reflecting boundary conditions. Based on the Izergin–Korepin analysis, we determine the exact forms of the symmetric functions which represent the wavefunctions and its dual. Comparison of the symmetric functions with the coordinate Bethe ansatz wavefunctions for the open XXZ chain by Alcaraz, Barber, Batchelor, Baxter, and Quispel is also made. As an application, we derive algebraic identities for the symmetric functions by combining the results with the determinant formula of the domain wall boundary partition function of the six-vertex model with reflecting end.
Soliton cellular automata associated with infinite reduced words
Authors: Glick Max , Inoue Rei , Pylyavskyy Pavlo
Published: June 2020

We consider a family of cellular automata

\Phi(n,k)

associated with infinite reduced elements on the affine symmetric group

\hat S_n

, which is a tropicalization of the rational maps introduced in [3]. We study the soliton solutions for

\Phi(n,k)

and explore a
duality
with the

\mathfrak{sl}_n

-box-ball system.
U.S. Every Student Succeeds Act: Negative Impacts on Teaching Out-of-Field
Authors: Van Overschelde James P , Piatt Amy N
Published: June 2020

Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) requires states to ensure the equitable distribution of out-of-field teachers. Using over 180 million student-course-teacher records from Texas between 2011-12 and 2017-18, we found out-of-field teaching rates have increased dramatically since ESSA became law. We also found vast inequities in which teachers are assigned to teach out-of-field and dramatic differences in student out-of-field course-taking rates across demographic characteristics.  The strongest predictors of teachers teaching out-of-field is that they work in a charter school or completed alternative certification programs. Black teachers and students are most likely to teach and take courses out-of-field, and Latinx teachers and students are least likely. Policy implications are considered given negative impacts of out-of-field teaching on student academic achievement.
AULAS PRÁTICAS PARA O ENSINO DE BIOLOGIA: CONTRIBUIÇÕES E LIMITAÇÕES NO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Da Luz Priscyla Santiago , De Lima Josiane Ferreira , Amorim Thamiris Vasconcelos
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo visa discutir as evidências que levam a compreensão de como as atividades práticas realizadas nas aulas de biologia podem proporcionar a aprendizagem significativa dos conteúdos estudados, bem como, apontar possíveis limitações na utilização desta modalidade de ensino. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola de Ensino Médio no município de Moju-PA e teve como público alvo uma turma do 1º ano do Ensino Médio. Como recurso metodológico utilizou-se atividades práticas baseadas na Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa de Ausubel. Os Mapas mentais foram utilizados como exercício avaliativo nas aulas ministradas. Pode-se concluir nesta pesquisa, que as atividades práticas realmente facilitaram a assimilação dos conteúdos trabalhados, além de aguçarem a curiosidade e interesse dos alunos, colaborando efetivamente para a aprendizagem significativa do conteúdo de citologia.
O ensino de Ciências da Natureza nas versões da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, mudanças, disputas e ofensiva liberal-conservadora
Authors: Piccinini Cláudia Lino , Andrade Maria Carolina Pires de
Published: June 2020

Analisamos a Base Nacional Comum Curricular como política de Estado, a participação privilegiada da associação de grupos empresariais brasileiros - Movimento Pela Base -, o cenário de crise política e sua influência no processo de formulação da BNCC. Tomada como um “objeto vivo”, a Base foi compreendida em seu movimento histórico de disputas, o que nos levou ao objetivo central deste trabalho, de estabelecer o quadro geral de mudanças na disciplina Ciências da Natureza nas quatro versões do documento. Partimos de algumas hipóteses que se concretizaram: não houve renovação/inovação na área; prevalece o conservadorismo pari passu ao processo de vinculação da educação, em geral, e da educação científica, em particular; aos interesses de associações monopolistas voltadas a educação. Palavras-chave: monopólios na educação, escola do Estado, conservadorismo, Ciências da Natureza.