bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ok, so who wants to colonise my gut? - Overview of Probiotics in certain Gastro-intestinal Disorders
Authors: Muntingh George L
Published: November 2020

Probiotics are being used and perhaps more often than not as a treatment for a variety of gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. With increasing frequency, it is also being advocated as a treatment for several medical conditions, such as allergic diseases (atopic dermatitis, possibly allergic rhinitis), bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections, and prevention of dental caries or respiratory infections. Disturbances of bacterial microflora of the GI tract may play an important role in the pathophysiology of some GI disorders. It appears that probiotics being used as a treatment modality may have originated more than a century ago. It may restore normal microflora bacterial colonies and effect the functioning of the GI tract by a variety of mechanisms. Probiotics are not currently regulated and only few authoritative randomised controlled trials exist investigating their efficacy in different GI disorders. The efficacy of probiotics, as either a single strain or a combination of probiotics, has been assessed in antibioticassociated diarrhoea, Clostridium difficile colitis, infectious diarrhoea, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and irritable bowel syndrome, among other disorders. Although probiotics appear to be generally safe in an outpatient setting, no studies exist addressing the issue of safety specifically. Because most clinical trials in this respect are not congruent in design, many questions regarding use of probiotics in GI disorders remain to be answered, such as most optimal doses, duration of treatment, physiological and immunological effects and efficacy of specific probiotics in specific disease states.
Medico-legal documentation of rape or sexual assault: are community-service doctors equipped for the task?
Authors: Fouche Lamaine , Bezuidenhout Johan , Liebenberg Chantelle , Adefuye Anthonio Oladele
Published: November 2020

Background: Following upon two-year internship, community-service doctors make mistakes when they deal with evidence of medico-legal examinations in various settings. These mistakes result in alleged perpetrators being released by courts. This study investigated undergraduate clinical forensic medicine training, based on experiences and opinions of community-service doctors. This article focuses on incidents of alleged rape cases only.

Methods: The study was a quantitative retrospective cohort study that made use of a questionnaire with an adapted Likert scale. An electronic survey tool was employed to target 150 community-service doctors throughout South Africa. Percentages are used to display results.

Results: A response rate of 59.3% was achieved. Although 80% of the participants reported that they had undergraduate training on how to manage alleged rape or sexual assault cases, only 11.4% of the participants had hands-on exposure to an alleged rape case during their undergraduate training. In addition, the majority of the participants (77.1%) never had undergraduate training on how to complete the J88 form. These findings indicate that clinical forensic training in the undergraduate medical programme does not adequately prepare community-service doctors to meet the challenges of clinical forensic practice. The current curriculum should be adapted to address these shortcomings.

Conclusions: Perpetrators cannot be convicted if evidence collected cannot stand up in court. Proper training of undergraduate medical students prior to their community-service posting will ensure that medico-legal documentation is completed correctly, leading to the presentation of credible evidence in a court of law in order to ensure successful conviction of alleged perpetrators.

Full text of the research articles are available online at www.medpharm.tandfonline.com/ojfp)

S Afr Fam Pract 2018; DOI: 10.1080/20786190.2017.1348046
The pharmacotherapy of low back pain
Authors: Greeff Oppel BW
Published: November 2020

About 60–80% of patients visiting a physician have at some stage in their lives suffered from low back pain. The annual incidence in adults aged 35–55 years in developed countries is up to 45%.1 The differential diagnosis is broad and includes muscular strain, primary spine disease like disc herniation or degenerative arthritis, systemic diseases like metastatic cancer and regional diseases like aortic aneurisms. In the majority of cases, a specific diagnosis cannot be made. Most patients will improve in 1–4 weeks and will only need treatment for the acute symptoms after the initial history and physical examination. If, however, the pain recurs or worsens, the patient must be thoroughly examined and a specific diagnosis can become a challenge.
The straight and marrow - a primary care approach to anaemia
Authors: Moodley V. , Alant J.
Published: November 2020

Anaemia remains a common global health issue with approximately a quarter of the worlds’ population affected despite universal initiatives to address the disorder. Iron deficiency anaemia and anaemia of chronic disease remain the two top ranking causes of anaemia globally and when these conditions co-exist, diagnosis is often challenging. In South Africa, high-risk groups include children, pregnant women and human immunodeficiency virus infected individuals. The morbidity and mortality associated with anaemia mandates the correct identification of the underlying cause, thus ensuring early, appropriate management. This review proposes morphological assessment with the appropriate baseline biochemical testing as the initial approach to unexplained anaemia in a primary health care setting in South Africa, in order to expedite diagnosis and ensure appropriate management.
‘Treating a patient should be approached in a holistic manner’: collaboration of doctors and physiotherapists in the rehabilitation of people living with HIV
Authors: Maddocks Stacy , Chetty Verusia , Maghoo Arishna , Mhlongo Nkuleleko , Mthembu Nsindiso , Khanyile Sinempilo , Chiliza Siphokazi , Munsamy Tyrel , Gamede Zanele , Mazibukoc Slindile
Published: November 2020

People living with HIV facing impairments and subsequent disabilities related to the virus and its treatment require involvement of a collaborative team of healthcare professionals to ensure reintegration into daily life and community living. Healthcare teams responsible for this care include doctors and physiotherapists. This paper explores the collaboration of doctors and physiotherapists in the rehabilitation of people living with HIV in a semi-rural healthcare setting in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Six doctors and two physiotherapists were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. The qualitative approach led to the emergence of five themes, namely a biomedical versus biopsychosocial approach; scope of practice challenge; multidisciplinary team enigma; institutional structure limitations; and recommendations from healthcare professionals. Both groups of professionals believed that a lack of understanding of the scope of practice and role of the associate profession in the multidisciplinary team led to poor referrals and lack of communication. Furthermore, shortage of personnel and resource limitations posed barriers to effective team interaction. Timely referrals, good communication and understanding of roles were suggested as endorsements to improved collaboration.
Staffing levels at KwaZulu-Natal district hospitals: is the University of KwaZulu-Natal training for the needs of the province?
Authors: Ross Andrew , Gumede Dumsani , Mianda Solange
Published: November 2020

Background: Universities have a social responsibility to ensure that they select and train healthcare professionals (HCPs) who can meet the healthcare needs of local communities. The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) contributes to the training of HCPs working in district hospitals (DHs) in KwaZulu-Natal Province, and the impact that the funding source for their training has on DH staffing.Methods: This was an observational descriptive study, with all doctors, dentists, dental therapists, pharmacists, physiotherapists and radiographers working at DHs in KZN in November 2016 being invited to participate. Data were collected through a validated questionnaire.Results: A total of 514 HCPs working in 29 DHs participated in the study; over half (57%) of the South African medical graduates had trained at UKZN, as had 62% of pharmacists, 64% of physiotherapists and 92% of dental therapists. Some 87% of the HCPs had worked in DHs for five years or less, 65% planned to leave in the near future, and 29% planned to leave at the end of 2016.Discussion: UKZN plays a significant role in training for the short-term needs of DHs in KZN. Much of the workforce is young and transient, which has implications for service provision and expanding the teaching platform to DHs. The lack of long-term staff retention suggests that UKZN needs to continually monitor the selection of students, as well as the content and context of the training, if it is to contribute to the province’s long-term staffing needs.
Skin cancer awareness and sunscreen use among outpatients of a South African hospital: need for vigorous public education
Authors: Dlova N. C. , Gathers R. , Tsoka-Gwegweni J. , Hift R. J.
Published: November 2020

Background: Melanoma incidence among white South Africans is increasing. Among black individuals, melanoma is associated with advanced stage at presentation and significant mortality.Objectives: A study was undertaken to assess the perception of skin cancer risk, knowledge of skin cancer, and understanding of the importance and use of sunscreens among South Africans.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in general outpatients over four months at a large central hospital in Durban, South Africa.Results: Only half the white respondents reported regular use of a sunscreen. Among black and Indian respondents, the number was substantially lower. Less than 20% of white respondents had ever checked their skin for suspicious moles. Most black patients were not aware that they are at risk of skin cancer, and only 10% were aware of the risk of developing skin cancers on acral sites and nails.Conclusions: There is a worrying lack of knowledge about skin cancer and sun protection behaviours among all South Africans. Given the increase in melanoma incidence and racial disparities in survival rates, it is imperative to target each population with effective, culturally sensitive educational programmes.
Non-opioid analgesic options
Authors: Leonard T. G.A.
Published: November 2020

No abstract available.
Magnesium: effects on physical and mental performance
Authors: Outhoff K.
Published: November 2020

No abstract available.
Neuromuscular blocking agents - when is the block deep enough? And how to safely reverse the neuromuscular blocker
Authors: Lines D.
Published: November 2020

No abstract available.
W obliczu zmian. Agencje informacyjne w Polsce w latach 2016–2019
Authors: Piasecka-Strzelec Renata
Published: November 2020

In the Face of Change. News Agencies in Poland in 2016–2019 The research goal of the article was to analyze the current market of Polish news agencies, with particular emphasis on the changes introduced in the Polish Press Agency in 2016–2019 after the Act on the National Media Council entered into force. The research method used was a qualitative analysis of research material which included internet sources (websites of major Polish news agencies as well as websites devoted to press related issues) and selected press articles published in opinion magazines. The study paints a picture of the most important changes and development trends of news agencies visible on the Polish market from mid-2016 to the end of 2019. It also presents the position of these institutions regarding the phenomenon of fake news. It also summarizes the activities of the longest existing agencies in connection with their jubilees (100th anniversary of the Polish press Agency and 25th anniversary of KAI, Catholic News Agency). The conclusions of the research proved that modern Polish news agencies are currently in a stage of intensive development (advanced multimedia phase). In order for the Polish Press Agency to maintain the position of leading provider of the most important media content in Poland, a new development strategy was followed. Future opportunities for Polish new agencies depend on their ability to adapt to the changes in the media environment.
Towarzystwo Wiedzy Prasowej na drodze rozwoju polskich badań medioznawczych
Authors: Drożdż Michał , Drąg Katarzyna
Published: November 2020

The Press Knowledge Society (Towarzystwo Wiedzy Prasowej) as a Step on the Road to the Development of Polish Media Studies Man needs solid knowledge and competence so that he can find himself in the modern media sphere. The sciences of social communication and media meet these needs, while developing the new discipline in Poland and around the world. In the context of these processes, it is worth taking a look at the history and Polish pioneering activities in the field of press research. The purpose of this article is to present an important initiative in the development of Polish press studies, namely the Press Knowledge Society (1938–1939). The aim is to show the origins of it’s history with similar initiatives in Europe to reveal the most important goals of the Society – especially those related to the concern for the ethics of mass communication expressed in the late interwar period. Our analyzes are an attempt to look for answers to the following questions: does the experience of history contain indications for solving problems of the modern media sphere and can they be an inspiration in media studies? Our analyzes are based on historical source materials and subject literature and are supported by empirical knowledge of contemporary media processes. With the help of the method of source analysis, among others, and the synthesizing comparative method, we attempted to draw conclusions important for modern media on the basis of historical knowledge about the media.
Digital Trauma: The Reality and The Mean World. Media Coverage of Black Lives Matter Protests during Covid-19 Pandemic in the USA
Authors: Young Mykaila
Published: November 2020

This article seeks to establish to what extent does eyewitness user generated content influence social movements and feelings associated with vicarious/secondary trauma. Working with a sample of perspectives from activists, reporters, nurse practitioners, literary texts, and media articles this article explores the working hypothesis that eyewitness news and media narratives both play a role in cultivating environments of fear, mistrust, etc. that lead to vicarious/secondary trauma with a focus on the recent #BlackLivesMatter protests in the USA in June 2020. This article builds upon previous research facilitated by the Dart Center for Journalism and Trauma within the theoretical framework of George Gerbner’s Mean World Syndrome that focused on the influence of effects of violent media on individuals’ attitudes. This article explores the similar effects that the digital eyewitness uncensored viral video of George Floyd’s death had in producing feelings associated with vicarious/secondary trauma among a sample of viewers that were directly involved in the nationwide protests during the global pandemic in America. The value of the article is twofold: it presents up to date research material obtained while conducting interviews with journalists who covered the protests and activists involved with the current social movements in America; it highlights the challenges to broadcasting for reporters and newsroom workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the interviews show that nearly all the respondents associated distressing content with feelings and emotions related to trauma induced anxieties and fears as a result of eyewitness media. Positive news coverage was reported as having a positive effect that encouraged people to understand the historical context of the Black Lives Matter movement. Most of my interviewees found distressing images “numbing” or too familiar. The article shows the media consumers’ feelings developed as a result of “virtually inescapable” graphic content.
Pengaruh Swedish Massage Terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah Pada Pasien Hipertensi Di Ruang Rawat Inap RS An-Nisa Tangerang Tahun 2020
Authors: Widyaningrum Tri
Published: November 2020

Hypertension can be defined as a persistent blood pressure where the systolic pressure is above 140 mmHg and the diastolic pressure is above 90 mmHg. One of the changes that occurs is the increased blood pressure caused by increased resistance of the peripheral blood vessels, normal systolic approximately 170 mmHg and normal diastolic approximately 90 mmHg. Swedish Massage to lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients Swedish massage is a massage technique that focuses on relaxation and improves blood circulation by engaging the muscles. the use of massage by nurses has the potential to significantly improve health status. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Swedish massage on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients in the inpatient room of An-Nisa Hospital, Tangerang in 2020. The research method used in this study was a quasi experimental design: one group pre test and post test design. The population in this study amounted to 60 respondents. The technique used for data collection is accidental sampling. Results: Based on the t-paired test that p-value <0.05, it can be stated that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that there is an effect between Swedish massage on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients in the inpatient room of An-Nisa Hospital, Tangerang, 2020. Conclusion : there is an effect of Swedish massage on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients in the inpatient room of An-Nisa Hospital, Tangerang, 2020.
La formación del entumecimiento: ensayo sobre los dispositivos de control del sujeto social
Authors: Bazán Luis Enrique
Published: November 2020

El entumecimiento subjetivo, como categoría alternativa de análisis social, permite leer las realidades sociales contemporáneas y reconocer aquello que bloquea la visualización de horizontes posibles de cambio. Al mismo tiempo, se abre a la potencialidad de desencadenar conciencias y esperanzas que respondan a las preocupaciones sociales más sentidas. El entumecimiento se piensa para responder y resignificar el espacio psíquico límbico con sensación de desconexión en que los sujetos se encuentran cuando en el contexto prevalece lo dominante para mantener las tendencias hegemónicas. En ese sentido, este libro explora cómo las y los líderes hispanos migrantes en Estados Unidos que luchan por la reivindicación social crean espacios alternativos para desentumecerse y desalinearse del sistema dominante.
Governance e strategia per la gestione dei rischi nelle imprese non finanziarie
Authors:   Università Bocconi, Ponti Cesare , Schwizer Paola ,   Università di Parma, Rugiero Floricel ,   Enel SpA, Bua Odetti Riccardo ,   PwC, Guerrini Giacomo ,   PwC, Hoffman Jennifer ,   Columbia Universiy, alia et
Published: November 2020

The “Corporate Risk Governance & Control” Commission, composed of risk managers, working for the top leading companies and financial institutions, many of which are publicly listed, as well as academics and board members, worked together to produce a position paper that aspires to provide principles and best practices regarding strategic risk management and risk governance. In particular, the document provides a framework, applicable to non financial companies based on their specific profiles, that integrates the general requirements established by the standard setters (i.e. the Code of Corporate Governance for publicly listed companies, the COSO Framework 2017, ISO 31000:2018 and banking and financial sector regulations) while taking into consideration elements of differentiation, uniqueness and different organizational and managerial approaches to affront risk The document is composed of two main sections: "Risk Governance” and “Risk & Strategy". In the first section, roles and responsibilities regarding risk management are addressed, starting from the importance to diffuse a risk culture consistent with mission, vision and company values to outlining the benefits of adequate organizational principals and governance. Once clarifying the difference between the first, second and third level of defense, the section concludes with a detailed analysis dedicated to the role of the Chief Risk Officer, in which the requirements of professionalism and independence are underlined as well as the key role played in the consolidation of a holistic view of the risk profile within the organization. In the second section of the position paper, ample space is dedicated to the Risk Appetite Framework, a fundamental tool to connect the business strategy and punctual risk quantification. The objective is to offer guidelines to define the risk appetite within a company. The final section of the paper proposes some suggestions for risk classification considering a portfolio view, as well as ulterior reflections regarding risk quantification, highlighting also some of the principle approaches to targeted evaluations and the drafting of a strategic plan pondered around risk.
Music Preferences of Mechanically Ventilated Patients Participating in a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Heiderscheit Annie , Breckenridge Stephanie J. , Chlan Linda L. , Savik Kay
Published: November 2020

Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a life-saving measure and supportive modality utilized to treat patients experiencing respiratory failure. Patients experience pain, discomfort, and anxiety as a result of being mechanically ventilated. Music listening is a nonpharmacological intervention used to manage these psychophysiological symptoms associated with mechanical ventilation. The purpose of this analysis is to examine music preferences of 107 MV patients enrolled in a randomized clinical trial that implemented a patient-directed music listening protocol to help manage the psychophysiological symptom of anxiety. 1 Music data presented heretofore includes the music genres and instrumentation patients identified as their preferred music. Genres preferred include: classical, jazz, rock, country, and oldies. Instrumentation preferred include: piano, voice, guitar, music with nature sounds, and orchestral music. The analysis of three patients’ preferred music received throughout the course of the study is illustrated to demonstrate the details and complexity involved in assessing MV patients, which substantiates the need for an ongoing assessment process.
Towards Prescribed Music in Clinical Contexts: More Than Words
Authors: Rossetti Andrew
Published: November 2020

The use of pre-recorded music has become status quo in a growing number of clinical music & medicine contexts. The process for choosing music used in both music therapy and music medicine interventions however has received surprisingly little attention in the literature, and might benefit from a more systematic approach. Applications made should ultimately provide for greater therapeutic efficacy. The following guidelines seek to contribute to the development of such a system in an effort to move toward a less arbitrary practice- thereby focusing greater attention to accurately match pre-recorded music to meet desired clinical goals. A systematic approach was developed and implemented in a music psychotherapy program which treated patients receiving radiation therapy for cancer in contexts in which the use of live music interventions were not feasible (e.g. during simulation for external beam radiation therapy and radiation therapy). The protocolized music therapy intervention that sought to address state anxiety in patients with cancer was examined in a randomized control study. This article will describe a developing system resulting from this study, thereby qualifying the clinical context of how musical decisions are made.
Preservation of Singing Functioning in a 5 Year-Old Following Severe Right-Sided Traumatic Brain Injury: Insights into the Neurological Resilience of Song from Pediatric Music Therapy
Authors: Gentle Ellen C. , Barker Melinda , Bower Janeen
Published: November 2020

Studies examining song functioning in childhood are of particular importance when devising developmentally appropriate evidence-based Music Therapy (MT) interventions during recovery from brain injury. In comparison to adult studies where neural organization may be well defined, the neural organization of song in the developing brain has been under-researched. This includes functional consequences following neurological insult. This case study documents a 5 year-old female with typically developing language and verbal memory that suffered a severe traumatic brain injury. Despite extensive right hemisphere damage, her recognition and memory of previously well-learned (familiar) songs was preserved. New learning and retention of unfamiliar songs with lyrics was also observed and was not predicted based on adult models of melodic learning. Findings suggest that the song system in childhood is a neurologically significant, robust system not easily disrupted following extensive brain injury, and caution against assuming adult models of music organisation in the developing brain.
Perceptions of Patients and Families who Received a Music Intervention During Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Tracy Mary F. , Staugaitis Abbey , Chlan Linda , Heiderscheit Annie
Published: November 2020

The intensive care unit (ICU) is a technologically-driven environment where critically ill patients and their families have significant physical and emotional experiences. Mechanically ventilated (MV) patients can experience significant distress from anxiety and pain. Music listening is one integrative intervention that has been shown to reduce anxiety as well as other symptoms that contribute to distress in MV patients. This is a report of MV patient and family experiences from a larger research study aiming to evaluate levels of anxiety and sedative exposure with use of a patient-directed music intervention. Understanding perceptions of MV patients and families regarding the effectiveness of music listening might serve as a useful guide to improvement of their care.
The Effect of Indian Classical Music on Migraine Episodes in Young Females of Age Group 18 to 23 Years
Authors: Jha Tanvi , Pawar Anita , Jha Keashav Mohan , Monga Madhulika , Mondal Sunita , Gandhi Asha
Published: November 2020

Music has been known for its soothing effects since ancient times. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of Indian classical music during migraine episodes in young (18 to 23 years) female patients. A standard music playlist was prepared and distributed to the test group of 25 patients. They listened to the music during every migraine attack occurring for a period of 4 months. Questionnaires containing pain scales were administered at 0 month, 2 month and 4 month and conclusions were drawn based on statistical analysis of the responses provided by the patients. The pain intensity during an attack, the duration of an attack and frequency of attacks showed significant decline while alertness during an attack increased. The control non music group of 25 patients, however, showed no such response.
Singing for Health, Connection and Care
Authors: Clements-Cortés Amy
Published: November 2020

Singing Together was the third part of a multi-phase investigation examining the benefits of singing with older adults in an adult daycare program (Phase 1), and in a long-term care facility (Phases 2 and 3). Phase 3 focused on residents of a long-term care facility who were diagnosed with mild to moderate cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease, and was unique in its extended scope of examining their choral participation with caregivers, or significant others. Pain, energy level, and mood were assessed using multiple objective and self-reported tools. Results of 16 weeks of choir sessions indicate statistically significant reduced perceptions of pain and increased energy and mood for both residents and significant others. Qualitative themes in this study included: encourages maximized participation; facilitates interaction and bonding; promotes enjoyment and fun; encourages improved mood and attitude; facilitates energy and motivation; promotes stress release and relaxation; and singing as a recognized therapy. Future implications of these findings will be discussed as well as overall analysis of the research project. A literature review outlining the effects of clinical choral singing with respect to older adults was provided in Part1: Clinical Effects of Choral Singing for Older Adults [1]of this two part paper.
Changes in Spirometry, Quality of Life and Well-Being in Persons with Asthma following Singing, Diaphragmatic Breathing, and Singing and Diaphragmatic Breathing: A Pilot Study
Authors: Gick Mary L. , Daugherty Carina
Published: November 2020

Singing and diaphragmatic breathing were explored as interventions for asthma symptoms, quality of life, and well-being. 60 participants (mean age = 29.7, 45 females) were assigned to singing, breathing, or singing plus breathing conditions. Breathlessness, vitality, and spirometry were measured pre and post intervention at 4 weekly group sessions; respiratory quality of life and well-being were assessed at first and fourth sessions. Asthma control and home practice were measured weekly. Some spirometry, quality of life and well-being measures improved, with no differences among conditions. Practice duration was significantly longer in singing than in breathing conditions, and practice enjoyment tended to be higher in singing plus breathing than in breathing conditions. Limitations and implications for singing research and interventions are discussed.
Music Making Interventions with Adults in the Forensic Setting – A Systematic Review of the Literature – Part II: Case Studies and Good vibrations
Authors: Coutinho Biljana V. , Hansen Anita L. , Waage Leif , Hillecke Thomas K. , Koenig Julian
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this systematic review of international research is to summarize the available literature on active music making interventions with adult offenders in forensic settings (i.e. forensic psychiatry or correctional facilities at different security levels). A systematic search of 13 electronic databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analysis (PRISMA) statement was employed. 28 articles fitting the inclusion criteria were included in the review. The search revealed mainly qualitative and narrative reports including articles on group music therapy, educational music making, choir interventions, individual music therapy sessions and musical projects. The musical interventions are described in detail to provide therapists with ideas on how to set up session with clients who may be in this particular situation and to help them understand the possible impact of musical interventions in the forensic setting. Furthermore, implications from the current evidence and ideas for future research are discussed. Note: Due to the length of the review it is published in two subsequent issues. This is the second part of the review focusing on case studies and the Good Vibrations program. The first part of the review was published in the previous issue of Music and Medicine focusing on group interventions.
North-American Conference Highlights the Treatment of Trauma Utilizing Guided Imagery and Music
Authors: Scott-Moncrieff Suzannah , Daniels Beck Bolette , Montgomery Erin
Published: November 2020

A report on the 2015 Association for Music and Imagery conference highlights papers that address clinical practice and research using Guided Imagery and Music for the treatment of trauma.
Clinical Effects of Choral Singing for Older Adults
Authors: Clements-Cortés Amy
Published: November 2020

This paper presents a literature summary overviewing the clinical effects of choral singing with a focus on older adults. As part one of a two part paper, this review helps to establish the framework for the research study “Singing for Health Connection and Care” presented in part two. Information is offered on the psychophysiological effects of singing; social benefits of singing; emotional benefits of singing; music in long-term care facilities and outcomes for persons with dementia and their caregivers. To date, the studies conducted as examined in this review show promising results for physical, emotional, and mental health, however further research is needed. This analysis of the literature provides the necessary background information to implement future choral singing studies with older adults and their caregivers, and serves to support the need for the study undertaken in part two.
Knowledge Production and Contradictory Functions in African Higher Education
Authors: Cloete Nico , Maassen Peter , Bailey Tracy
Published: November 2020

Currently, Africa has more than half of the 20 fastest-growing economies in the world, which has contributed to what has been called the era of Africa Rising or a New Africa. In order to further strengthen socio-economic development, African universities need to improve their ability to produce and apply knowledge in effective and relevant ways. In OECD countries there are several public and private sites for knowledge production, but in Africa the university is the only knowledge institution, and hardly any knowledge is produced outside of the university.

However, the performance of African universities in knowledge production has not been impressive. It has generally been acknowledged by agencies such as the African Observatory for Science, Technology and Innovation and the World Bank, as well as leading development scholars, that African universities are lagging behind the rest of the world in their knowledge production function. There has been only weak empirical evidence on the actual performance of universities, with virtually no cross-institutional and cross-country comparative research on the factors that are responsible for the poor performance of universities in knowledge production across the continent.

The crossroads African universities are facing consist of, on the one hand, a familiar path of relative decoupling between the university and its nations socio-economic development and, on the other hand, a path that requires far-reaching changes that could make it possible for the African university to connect much more productively to the main actors in emerging national (and in some cases regional) development and innovation networks. For the latter path to become accessible, these universities and their national authorities need research-rooted information.

"This volume brings together excellent scholarship and innovative policy discussion to demonstrate the essential role of higher education in the development of Africa and of the world at large. Based on deep knowledge of the university system in several African countries, this book will reshape the debate on development in the global information economy for years to come. It should be mandatory reading for academics, policy-makers and concerned citizens, in Africa and elsewhere."

- Manuel Castells, Professor Emeritus, University of California at Berkeley
The Social Dynamics of Open Data
Authors: van Schalkwyk Francois , Verhulst Stefaan G. , Magalhaes Gustavo , Pane Juan , Walker Johanna
Published: November 2020

The Social Dynamics of Open Data is a collection of peer reviewed papers presented at the 2nd Open Data Research Symposium (ODRS) held in Madrid, Spain, on 5 October 2016. Research is critical to developing a more rigorous and fine-combed analysis not only of why open data is valuable, but how it is valuable and under what specific conditions. The objective of the Open Data Research Symposium and the subsequent collection of chapters published here is to build such a stronger evidence base. This base is essential to understanding what open datas impacts have been to date, and how positive impacts can be enabled and amplified. Consequently, common to the majority of chapters in this collection is the attempt by the authors to draw on existing scientific theories, and to apply them to open data to better explain the socially embedded dynamics that account for open datas successes and failures in contributing to a more equitable and just society.
The State of Open Data: Histories and Horizons
Authors: Davies Tim , Walker Stephen B , Rubinstein Mor , Perini Fernando
Published: November 2020

Its been ten years since open data first broke onto the global stage. Over the past decade, thousands of programmes and projects around the world have worked to open data and use it to address a myriad of social and economic challenges. Meanwhile, issues related to data rights and privacy have moved to the centre of public and political discourse. As the open data movement enters a new phase in its evolution, shifting to target real-world problems and embed open data thinking into other existing or emerging communities of practice, big questions still remain. How will open data initiatives respond to new concerns about privacy, inclusion, and artificial intelligence? And what can we learn from the last decade in order to deliver impact where it is most needed?
The State of Open Data brings together over 60 authors from around the world to address these questions and to take stock of the real progress made to date across sectors and around the world, uncovering the issues that will shape the future of open data in the years to come.
GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF NATIVE GOLD AS DIRECT SIGNS OF ORE FORMATION LODE AND ALLUVIAL GOLD OCCURRENCE TYPES
Authors: Milyaev S. A. , Samosorov G. G. , Yablokova S. V. , Shatilova L. V. , Pozdnyakova N. N.
Published: November 2020

The features of impurity element distribution in native gold of two ore formation gold deposit types are con- sidered. A typomorphic set of elements for gold-polysulfide-quartz and gold-quartz low-sulfide mineralization was determined. Geochemical indicators for estimating ore formation types of native gold are offered. The differences in gold composition due to metallogenic specialization of regions are established. Data on the distribution of rare-earth elements in native gold are obtained, which allows to predict igneous rocks composition during gold-polysulfide-quartz deposit formation.
ANALYTICAL QUANTIFICATION OF STRESSES IN HYPERBOLIC COOLING TOWERS, UNDER ASYMMETRIC WIND LOADING ACTION
Authors: Perdão Junior Paschoal , Ferraz Pereira dos Santos Saniele
Published: November 2020

The objective of this work is to evaluate the wind stresses in hyperbolic cooling towers. These non-symmetrical efforts are of the utmost importance, as they usually govern the design of such structures. The main loading case for natural projects of reinforced concrete cooling towers is produced by forces from the wind, except in cases where forces generated by the action of earthquakes are considered.
MULHERES E RELAÇÕES DE GÊNERO NA CATAÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS:
Authors: Paim Camardelo Ana Maria , Benedetti Alaís , Cardoso Nostrane Kátia
Published: November 2020

A catação de resíduos no Brasil tornou-se uma ocupação que ainda representa um trabalho marginalizado e precário. Compreendendo que as relações de gênero estabelecem diferentes dinâmicas para os sujeitos e afetam o trabalho, objetiva-se compreender quem são as mulheres catadoras e como essas se constituem no trabalho a partir das relações de gênero. Utilizou-se como metodologia uma Revisão Sistemática, foram encontrados 100 trabalhos, selecionados 11, cujos focos eram mulheres ou relações de gênero na catação. Resultados apontam para estudos realizados predominantemente com trabalhadoras organizadas em associações e cooperativas, maior enfoque no Rio Grande do Sul e na área da saúde.
Clinical characteristics and treatment results of Shigella in Digestion department, National Children’s Hospital 2019
Authors: Ngọc Đạt Hà
Published: November 2020

Objectives: 1. Describe some clinical epidemiological characteristics of Shigella dysentery in children in the Department of Gastroenterology of Central Children's Hospital in 2019; 2. Comment on treatment results in the above patients. Subjects: All patients under 15 years old are admitted to the Hospital of Gastroenterology, Vietnam National Children's Hospital.. Method of cross-sectional description. Results: More morbidity rates in men than in women. The male / female ratio is 1.8 / 1. In which, the highest incidence is from 1 to 3 years old. In comparison with other seasons, autumn has the highest proportion of hospital patients, accounting for 46.4%. The majority of patients admitted to hospital due to diarrhea and fever accompanied by blood in the stool accounted for 41.3%, some came to the hospital due to high fever with 15/184 patients accounting for 7.9%, high fever. Accompanied by seizures, accounting for 16.5%. The rate of treatment with Ciprofloxacin is 89.5%. The recovery rate is quite high, 93.3%, the percentage of patients who are also significantly better at 6.7% and there is no case of treatment failure.
Dwindling Handloom, Sinking Weavers in Western Uttar Pradesh: A Case Study of Pilkhuwa, Amroha and Muradnagar
Authors: Verma Rajiv , Panda Shiba C. , Bansal Ved Prakash
Published: November 2020

There has been an upsurge of interest on the history and conditions of handloom weavers in India in recent years. Various works have appeared. There has, however, been a dearth of microscopic studies relating to the health rights and poverty among the handloom weaving community of India in general and of Western UP in particular. Handloom weaver as a person devoid of basic health rights and subjected to the most inhuman form of poverty – has never been the central theme of the practical research works. According to the Approach Paper for the 12th Plan, the handloom sector is a major employment generating sector. As per the Handloom Census of 2009-10, there are 23.77 lakh handlooms in the country, providing employment to 43.32 lakh handloom weavers and ancillary workers.
The dispersed and decentralized handloom sector embodies the traditional wisdom, cultural wealth and secular ethos of our country. It is not just a source of livelihood for lakhs of weavers and artisans, but also environment friendly, energy and capital saving and labour-intensive form of art that has secured India’s presence in millions of homes across the globe.
Equally importantly, this sector constitutes the only industry in the country that provides low cost, green livelihood opportunities to millions of families, supplementing incomes in seasons of agrarian distress, checking migration and preserving traditional economic relationships. With women contributing the majority of pre- and post-loom labour and accounting for over 50% of artisans in the country, and a significant mass of weavers/artisans consisting of scheduled castes, schedules tribes and religious minorities, this sector also represents the economic lifeline of the most vulnerable sections of our society.
Over the decades, the situation of most weaver’s has deteriorated into a pitiful state, as weavers face increased poverty, hunger, health issue and inability to provide for their families. There is a high level of tuberculosis and malnutrition leading to depression and in some cases, suicide. Weavers also lack accession to public health centres due to severe operational and logistic constraints. The present project intends to highlight the forms of poverty and deprivations prevalent among the handloom weavers of Western Uttar Pradesh.
COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SEBEBİYLE EV KARANTİNASI UYGULANAN İLERİ YAŞTAKİ BİREYLERDE DİSPNE ALGISININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: AKINCI Buket , KARADUMAN Sena , SEFEROĞLU Sümeyye , YALÇIN Rauf , ÖZENÇ Buse , ŞAHİN Özgenur , ÖZTÜRK Büşra , ÖZKAN Eda
Published: November 2020

Amacımız COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde ev karantinası uygulanan 65 yaş ve üstü bireylerin dispne algılarını belirlemek, dispnenin anksiyete, fiziksel aktivite ile ilişkisini araştırmak ve bireylerin dispne algısını sosyodemografik özelliklere göre karşılaştırmaktır. ‘’SurveyMonkey’’ internet sitesi aracılığı ile hazırlanan bir anket, 65 yaş ve üstü 191 birey tarafından cevaplandı. Bireylerin dispne algıları Modifiye Medical Araştırma Kurulu Ölçeği (mMRC) ve Dispne-12 Ölçeği ile, endişe ve anksiyete durumları Endişe ve Anksiyete Ölçeği (EAÖ) ile, fiziksel aktivite seviyeleri Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite-Kısa Form (UFAA-KF) ile değerlendirildi ve bireylerin ölüm korkusu sorgulandı. Sonuç olarak, Dispne-12 puanı, EAÖ puanı ve sedanter geçirilen zaman ile ilişki bulundu. mMRC Evre 0 veya 1 olan olgularda EAÖ puanı ve sedanter geçirilen zaman Evre 2 ve üzeri olan bireylerde daha düşüktü. mMRC Evre 2 ve üzeri olan bireylerde ölüm korkusu Evre 0’a göre daha yüksekti. Üniversite mezunlarının Dispne-12 puanı, ilkokul veya ortaöğretim mezunlarına göre daha düşüktü (p
Kahoot! como herramienta para mejorar los resultados académicos en educación superior
Authors: Martínez Jiménez Rocio , Ruiz Jiménez Carmen , García Martí Elia , Pedrosa Ortega Cristina , Liceran Gutierrez Ana
Published: November 2020

La utilización en el aula de herramientas metodológicas más activas y participativas es una tendencia al alza en cualquier universidad. Además, observamos como es cada vez más habitual el uso de los smartphones o tablets que permiten aplicar la gamificación con los estudiantes mediante aplicaciones como Kahoot!. En este sentido, varios trabajos han mostrado algunos efectos positivos de esta herramienta, tales como la mejora del interés, la atención y la motivación del alumnado. Sin embargo, son pocos los estudios que han analizado si el uso de esta herramienta Kahoot! influye positivamente en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. En este trabajo presentamos los resultados de una experiencia de gamificación, utilizando la herramienta Kahoot!, en ocho asignaturas de Grado relacionadas con la gestión empresarial, durante el curso académico 2018-2019. Realizamos un análisis estadístico para identificar las calificaciones medias, máximas y mínimas de los estudiantes en los diferentes tests y relacionarlas con sus resultados académicos en la primera convocatoria oficial de examen. Los resultados muestran que la calificación final de la asignatura está influenciada por la calificación media obtenida en el Kahoot!, el porcentaje de tests realizados y la asignatura de que se trate.
Hacia una aplicación efectiva de Metodología Inversa en las asignaturas de Física de primeros cursos de Grado
Authors: Gómez - Tejedor José Antonio , Tort - Ausina Isabel , Vidaurre Ana , Meseguer Dueñas José María , Molina - Mateo José , Riera Jaime
Published: November 2020

This paper presents the experience of implementing flipped teaching in physics subjects in the first courses of Aerospace Engineering, Computer Engineering and Biomedical Engineering degrees. In order to obtain the opinion of the students, a series of surveys with open and multiple choice questions have been carried out. The results show a great variability of opinions even within the students belonging to the same group. In general, students value positively the efforts made by teachers, but it is necessary for teachers to carry out a series of measures in order to achieve a successful implementation. Among them, it is necessary that the available contents be perfectly structured and accessible, that the contents be interactive and allow information on how the learning process is evolving, that the level of students workload is sustainable and that teachers are aware of that the transition in the learning model requires certain empathy. The implementation of flipped teaching is therefore a complex process that requires a specific adaptation to the teaching context where it is applied.