bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compliance of commercial motorcycle riders with road safety regulations in a peri-urban town of Ghana
Authors: Hagan Dorcas , Tarkang Elvis E. , Aku Fortress Yayra
Published: March 2021

Background

While motorcycles are essential for moving people and goods, they are also, a significant contributor to Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs), making it a public health issue of concern globally. The Hohoe Municipal Hospital records increasing RTAs due to commercial motorcycles. Determining motorcycle riders’ compliance with road safety regulations is critical in helping to curb this menace.

Method

A cross-sectional study was employed involving a multistage sample of 238 motorcycle riders. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and entered into Epi Data version 3.2 software and exported to STATA software version 12 for analysis. Descriptive and inferential analyses were done while statistical significance was determined at 95% reliability interval and p-value of 0.05.

Findings

The level of compliance with road safety regulations among respondents was 59.2%. The mean age of respondents was 29.9 ± 7.9 years, and all respondents were males. Respondents who did not own their motorbikes were 0.39 times less likely to comply with road safety regulations compared to their counterparts who owned one, while those without alternate occupations were 0.51times less likely to comply with road safety regulations compared to those with an additional occupation. Those aged between 30–39 years and 40–49 years were 2.37 and 4.1 times more likely to comply with road safety regulations, respectively, compared to those aged ≤29 years, and those who did not smoke were 3.15 times more likely to comply with road safety regulations than those who smoked.

Conclusion

Compliance to safety regulations are fairly low and although motorcycle usage on a commercial basis is yet to be legalised in Ghana, routine education targeting riders who smoke, do not have alternate occupations, do not own motorbikes and younger riders will improve their compliance. Also, riders should be encouraged to obtain their license from the appropriate authorities.
Seismic performance analysis of a wind turbine tower subjected to earthquake and ice actions
Authors: Huang Shuai , Lyu Yuejun , Xiu Liwei , Sha Haijun
Published: March 2021

Sea ice is one of the main loads acting on a wind turbine tower in areas prone to icing, and this threatens safe working life of the wind turbine tower. In our study, a simplified calculated model of ice, wind turbine tower, and water dynamic interaction under earthquake action was proposed, which could avoid to solve a large number of nonlinear equations. Then, the seismic behaviour of the wind turbine tower with and without the influence of sea ice was investigated, and we found that the influence of the greater mass of the sea ice on the seismic response of a wind turbine tower should be considered when the wind turbine tower is designed in an area with thick ice. With the influence of the most unfavourable ice mass, the deformation and energy dissipation capacity of the wind turbine tower are decreased, and the wall thickness or stiffening rib thickness should be increased to improve the seismic performance and ductility of the wind turbine tower; the shear force and bending moment increased significantly on the wind turbine tower, and the shear force changes at the bottom of the wind turbine tower and position of action of the sea ice: attention should be paid to the wind turbine tower design at these positions. Finally, we conducted the shaking table test, and verified the rationality of our proposed simplified model.
Social determinants of COVID-19 incidence and outcomes: A rapid review
Authors: Upshaw Tara L. , Brown Chloe , Smith Robert , Perri Melissa , Ziegler Carolyn , Pinto Andrew D.
Published: March 2021

Early reports indicate that the social determinants of health are implicated in COVID-19 incidence and outcomes. To inform the ongoing response to the pandemic, we conducted a rapid review of peer-reviewed studies to examine the social determinants of COVID-19. We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from December 1, 2019 to April 27, 2020. We also searched the bibliographies of included studies, COVID-19 evidence repositories and living evidence maps, and consulted with expert colleagues internationally. We included studies identified through these supplementary sources up to June 25, 2020. We included English-language peer-reviewed quantitative studies that used primary data to describe the social determinants of COVID-19 incidence, clinical presentation, health service use and outcomes in adults with a confirmed or presumptive diagnosis of COVID-19. Two reviewers extracted data and conducted quality assessment, confirmed by a third reviewer. Forty-two studies met inclusion criteria. The strongest evidence was from three large observational studies that found associations between race or ethnicity and socioeconomic deprivation and increased likelihood of COVID-19 incidence and subsequent hospitalization. Limited evidence was available on other key determinants, including occupation, educational attainment, housing status and food security. Assessing associations between sociodemographic factors and COVID-19 was limited by small samples, descriptive study designs, and the timeframe of our search. Systematic reviews of literature published subsequently are required to fully understand the magnitude of any effects and predictive utility of sociodemographic factors related to COVID-19 incidence and outcomes. PROSPERO: CRD4202017813.
Artificial intelligence and leukocyte epigenomics: Evaluation and prediction of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Bahado-Singh Ray O. , Vishweswaraiah Sangeetha , Aydas Buket , Yilmaz Ali , Metpally Raghu P. , Carey David J. , Crist Richard C. , Berrettini Wade H. , Wilson George D. , Imam Khalid , Maddens Michael , Bisgin Halil , Graham Stewart F. , Radhakrishna Uppala
Published: March 2021

We evaluated the utility of leucocyte epigenomic-biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) detection and elucidates its molecular pathogeneses. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was performed using the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip array in 24 late-onset AD (LOAD) and 24 cognitively healthy subjects. Data were analyzed using six Artificial Intelligence (AI) methodologies including Deep Learning (DL) followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used for AD prediction. We identified 152 significantly (FDR p<0.05) differentially methylated intragenic CpGs in 171 distinct genes in AD patients compared to controls. All AI platforms accurately predicted AD with AUCs ≥0.93 using 283,143 intragenic and 244,246 intergenic/extragenic CpGs. DL had an AUC = 0.99 using intragenic CpGs, with both sensitivity and specificity being 97%. High AD prediction was also achieved using intergenic/extragenic CpG sites (DL significance value being AUC = 0.99 with 97% sensitivity and specificity). Epigenetically altered genes included CR1L & CTSV (abnormal morphology of cerebral cortex), S1PR1 (CNS inflammation), and LTB4R (inflammatory response). These genes have been previously linked with AD and dementia. The differentially methylated genes CTSV & PRMT5 (ventricular hypertrophy and dilation) are linked to cardiovascular disease and of interest given the known association between impaired cerebral blood flow, cardiovascular disease, and AD. We report a novel, minimally invasive approach using peripheral blood leucocyte epigenomics, and AI analysis to detect AD and elucidate its pathogenesis.
Prediction of risk of acquiring urinary tract infection during hospital stay based on machine-learning: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Møller Jens Kjølseth , Sørensen Martin , Hardahl Christian
Published: March 2021

Background

Healthcare associated infections (HAI) are a major burden for the healthcare system and associated with prolonged hospital stay, increased morbidity, mortality and costs. Healthcare associated urinary tract infections (HA-UTI) accounts for about 20–30% of all HAI’s, and with the emergence of multi-resistant urinary tract pathogens, the total burden of HA-UTI will most likely increase.

Objective

The aim of the current study was to develop two predictive models, using data from the index admission as well as historic data on a patient, to predict the development of UTI at the time of entry to the hospital and after 48 hours of admission (HA-UTI). The ultimate goal is to predict the individual patient risk of acquiring HA-UTI before it occurs so that health care professionals may take proper actions to prevent it.

Methods

Retrospective cohort analysis of approx. 300 000 adult admissions in a Danish region was performed. We developed models for UTI prediction with five machine-learning algorithms using demographic information, laboratory results, data on antibiotic treatment, past medical history (ICD10 codes), and clinical data by transformation of unstructured narrative text in Electronic Medical Records to structured data by Natural Language Processing.

Results

The five machine-learning algorithms have been evaluated by the performance measures average squared error, cumulative lift, and area under the curve (ROC-index). The algorithms had an area under the curve (ROC-index) ranging from 0.82 to 0.84 for the entry model (T = 0 hours after admission) and from 0.71 to 0.77 for the HA-UTI model (T = 48 hours after admission).

Conclusion

The study is proof of concept that it is possible to create machine-learning models that can serve as early warning systems to predict patients at risk of acquiring urinary tract infections during admission. The entry model and the HA-UTI models perform with a high ROC-index indicating a sufficient sensitivity and specificity, which may make both models instrumental in individualized prevention of UTI in hospitalized patients. The favored machine-learning methodology is Decision Trees to ensure the most transparent results and to increase clinical understanding and implementation of the models.
Evaluating the reliability of hair analysis in monitoring the compliance of ADHD patients under treatment with Lisdexamphetamine
Authors: Haedener Marianne , Weinmann Wolfgang , Eich Dominique , Liebrenz Michael , Wuethrich Thomas , Buadze Anna
Published: March 2021

Considering the high clinical and forensic relevance of pharmaco-adherence during lisdexamphetamine (LDX) treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the aim here was to evaluate hair analysis as a tool for monitoring compliance in patients currently undergoing long term treatment with LDX, by detecting possible interruptions of medication intake or changes in dosage. For this purpose, a total of 24 patients from an outpatient clinic for ADHD were recruited. Hair and urine samples were taken after three consecutive therapy sessions over a 7-month period and analyzed for amphetamine (AMP) enantiomers and other drugs, using chiral and achiral liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Participants also provided information on the condition of their hair, the consumption of illegal psychotropic substances and the regularity of taking LDX. Two participants withdrew from the study early. Urine analyses were positive for D-AMP in all urine samples and therapy sessions, except in two patients who did not take LDX on a daily basis. D-AMP was detected in all hair samples; however, no correlation was found between prescribed dose/day and D-AMP concentrations in proximal hair segments. Qualitative interpretation of hair analysis showed that 18 of the 22 study completers were compliant concerning the intake of LDX without additional consumption of illegal D,L-AMP. Analysis of urine taken during the therapy sessions showed no correlation between D-AMP concentrations and prescribed dosage, with or without normalization for creatinine. In conclusion, chiral LC-MS/MS hair analysis might represent a non-invasive way to confirm LDX use within the approximate period covered by the hair segment tested, but it does not allow for quantitative therapeutic drug monitoring because of interindividual variability of concentrations in hair. Drug concentrations in hair at different stages of long-term treatment should thus be interpreted with caution by clinicians and forensic experts alike when making assessments of treatment adherence.
Examining the incidence of catastrophic health expenditures and its determinants using multilevel logistic regression in Malawi
Authors: Mulaga Atupele N. , Kamndaya Mphatso S. , Masangwi Salule J.
Published: March 2021

Background

Despite a free access to public health services policy in most sub-Saharan African countries, households still contribute to total health expenditures through out-of-pocket expenditures. This reliance on out-of-pocket expenditures places households at a risk of catastrophic health expenditures and impoverishment. This study examined the incidence of catastrophic health expenditures, impoverishing effects of out-of-pocket expenditures on households and factors associated with catastrophic expenditures in Malawi.

Methods

We conducted a secondary analysis of the most recent nationally representative integrated household survey conducted by the National Statistical Office between April 2016 to 2017 in Malawi with a sample size of 12447 households. Catastrophic health expenditures were estimated based on household annual nonfood expenditures and total household annual expenditures. We estimated incidence of catastrophic health expenditures as the proportion of households whose out-of-pocket expenditures exceed 40% threshold level of non-food expenditures and 10% of total annual expenditures. Impoverishing effect of out-of-pocket health expenditures on households was estimated as the difference between poverty head count before and after accounting for household health payments. We used a multilevel binary logistic regression model to assess factors associated with catastrophic health expenditures.

Results

A total of 167 households (1.37%) incurred catastrophic health expenditures. These households on average spend over 52% of household nonfood expenditures on health care. 1.6% of Malawians are impoverished due to out-of-pocket health expenditures. Visiting a religious health facility (AOR = 2.27,95% CI:1.24–4.15), hospitalization (AOR = 6.03,95% CI:4.08–8.90), larger household size (AOR = 1.20,95% CI:1.24–1.34), higher socioeconomic status (AOR = 2.94,95% CI:1.39–6.19), living in central region (AOR = 3.54,95% CI:1.79–6.97) and rural areas (AOR = 5.13,95% CI:2.14–12.29) increased the odds of incurring catastrophic expenditures.

Conclusion

The risk of catastrophic health expenditures and impoverishment persists in Malawi. This calls for government to improve the challenges faced by the free public health services and design better prepayment mechanisms to protect more vulnerable groups of the population from the burden of out-of-pocket payments.
The effect of single biome occupancy on the estimation of biome shifts and the detection of biome conservatism
Authors: Dale Esther E. , Larcombe Matthew J. , Lee William G.
Published: March 2021

Biome conservatism is often regarded as common in diversifying lineages, based on the detection of low biome shift rates or high phylogenetic signal. However, many studies testing biome conservatism utilise a single-biome-per-species approach, which may influence the detection of biome conservatism. Meta-analyses show that biome shift rates are significantly lower (less than a tenth), when single biome occupancy approaches are adopted. Using New Zealand plant lineages, estimated biome shifts were also significantly lower (14–67% fewer biome shifts) when analysed under the assumption of a single biome per species. Although a single biome approach consistently resulted in lower biome shifts, it detected fewer instances of biome conservatism. A third of clades (3 out of 9) changed status in biome conservatism tests between single and multiple biome occupancy approaches, with more instances of significant biome conservatism when using a multiple biome occupancy approach. A single biome approach may change the likelihood of finding biome conservatism because it assumes biome specialisation within species, falsely recognises some biome shift types and fails to include other biome shift types. Our results indicate that the degree of biome fidelity assumed has a strong influence on analyses assessing biome shift rates, and biome conservatism testing. We advocate analyses that allow species to occupy multiple biomes.
Influence of oxytocin administration on somatosensory evoked magnetic fields induced by median nerve stimulation during hand action observation in healthy male volunteers
Authors: Ono Yasuki , Hirosawa Tetsu , Hasegawa Chiaki , Ikeda Takashi , Kudo Kiwamu , Naito Nobushige , Yoshimura Yuko , Kikuchi Mitsuru
Published: March 2021

Watching another person’s hand movement modulates somatosensory evoked magnetic fields (SEFs). Assuming that the mirror neuron system may have a role in this phenomenon, oxytocin should enhance these effects. This single-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover study therefore used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate SEFs following electrical stimulation of the right median nerve in 20 healthy male participants during hand movement observation, which were initially presented as static images followed by moving images. The participants were randomly assigned to receive either oxytocin or saline during the first trial, with the treatment being reversed during a second trial. Log-transformed ratios of the N20 and N30 amplitudes were calculated and compared between moving and static images observations. Phase locking (calculated using intertrial phase coherence) of brain oscillations was also analyzed to evaluate alpha, beta and gamma rhythm changes after oxytocin administration. Log N30 ratios showed no significant changes after placebo administration but showed a decreasing tendency (albeit not significant) after placebo administration, which may suggest mirror neuron system involvement. In contrast, log N20 ratios were increased after placebo administration, but showed no significant change after oxytocin administration. Interestingly, the gamma band activity around N20 increased after placebo administration, suggesting that oxytocin exerted an analgesic effect on median nerve stimulation, and inhibited the gamma band increase. Oxytocin might therefore modulate not only the mirror neuron system, but also the sensory processing associated with median nerve stimulation.
High hepatitis C virus seropositivity, viremia, and associated risk factors among trans women living in San Francisco, California
Authors: Hernandez Christopher J. , Trujillo Dillon , Sicro Sofia , Meza Joaquin , Bella Mackie , Daza Emperatriz , Torres Francisco , McFarland Willi , Turner Caitlin M. , Wilson Erin C.
Published: March 2021

Trans women have been understudied in the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic, yet data suggest they may be at elevated risk of the disease. Using data collected from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) survey, we measured HCV seropositivity, viremia, and associated risk factors for HCV infection among trans women in San Francisco from June 2019 to February 2020. Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used to obtain a diverse, community-based sample of 201 trans women, of whom 48 (23.9%, 95% CI 17.9% - 30.0%) were HCV seropositive. HCV seropositivity significantly increased with increasing age (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR] 1.04 per year, 95% CI 1.01–1.07) and history of injection drug use (APR 4.44, 95% CI 2.15–9.18). We also found that many had HCV viremia as twelve (6.0% of the total sample, 95% CI 2.7% - 9.3%) were RNA-positive for HCV. Trans women are highly impacted by HCV and could benefit from access to regular and frequent HCV screening and treatment access. HCV screening could be offered regularly in trans-specific health services, in the community, in jails and prisons, and integrated syringe exchange programs where treatment access or referral are also available.
A p53-like transcription factor, BbTFO1, contributes to virulence and oxidative and thermal stress tolerances in the insect pathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana
Authors: Wang Juan-Juan , Yin Ya-Ping , Song Ji-Zheng , Hu Shun-Juan , Cheng Wen , Qiu Lei
Published: March 2021

The p53-like transcription factor (TF) NDT80 plays a vital role in the regulation of pathogenic mechanisms and meiosis in certain fungi. However, the effects of NDT80 on entomopathogenic fungi are still unknown. In this paper, the NDT80 orthologue BbTFO1 was examined inBeauveria bassiana, a filamentous entomopathogenic fungus, to explore the role of an NDT80-like protein for fungal pest control potential. Disruption ofBbTFO1resulted in impaired resistance to oxidative stress (OS) in a growth assay under OS and a 50% minimum inhibitory concentration experiment. Intriguingly, the oxidation resistance changes were accompanied by transcriptional repression of the two key antioxidant enzyme genescat2andcat5. ΔBbTFO1also displayed defective conidial germination, virulence and heat resistance. The specific supplementation ofBbTFO1reversed these phenotypic changes. As revealed by this work, BbTFO1 can affect the transcription of catalase genes and play vital roles in the maintenance of phenotypes associated with the biological control ability ofB.bassiana.
Intestinal-epithelial LSD1 controls goblet cell maturation and effector responses required for gut immunity to bacterial and helminth infection
Authors: Parmar Naveen , Burrows Kyle , Vornewald Pia M. , Lindholm Håvard T. , Zwiggelaar Rosalie T. , Díez-Sánchez Alberto , Martín-Alonso Mara , Fosslie Madeleine , Vallance Bruce A. , Dahl John Arne , Zaph Colby , Oudhoff Menno J.
Published: March 2021

Infectious and inflammatory diseases in the intestine remain a serious threat for patients world-wide. Reprogramming of the intestinal epithelium towards a protective effector state is important to manage inflammation and immunity and can be therapeutically targeted. The role of epigenetic regulatory enzymes within these processes is not yet defined. Here, we use a mouse model that has an intestinal-epithelial specific deletion of the histone demethylase Lsd1 (cKO mice), which maintains the epithelium in a fixed reparative state. Challenge of cKO mice with bacteria-induced colitis or a helminth infection model both resulted in increased pathogenesis. Mechanistically, we discovered that LSD1 is important for goblet cell maturation and goblet-cell effector molecules such as RELMß. We propose that this may be in part mediated by directly controlling genes that facilitate cytoskeletal organization, which is important in goblet cell biology. This study therefore identifies intestinal-epithelial epigenetic regulation by LSD1 as a critical element in host protection from infection.
Aggressive organ penetration and high vector transmissibility of epidemic dengue virus-2 Cosmopolitan genotype in a transmission mouse model
Authors: Lin Jhe-Jhih , Chung Pei-Jung , Dai Shih-Syong , Tsai Wan-Ting , Lin Yu-Feng , Kuo Yi-Ping , Tsai Kuen-Nan , Chien Chia-Hao , Tsai De-Jiun , Wu Ming-Sian , Shu Pei-Yun , Yueh Andrew , Chen Hsin-Wei , Chen Chun-Hong , Yu Guann-Yi
Published: March 2021

Dengue virus (DENV) causes dengue fever and severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and is primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus mosquitoes. The incidence of DENV infection has been gradually increasing in recent years due to global urbanization and international travel. Understanding the virulence determinants in host and vector transmissibility of emerging epidemic DENV will be critical to combat potential outbreaks. The DENV serotype 2 (DENV-2), which caused a widespread outbreak in Taiwan in 2015 (TW2015), is of the Cosmopolitan genotype and is phylogenetically related to the virus strain linked to another large outbreak in Indonesia in 2015. We found that the TW2015 virus was highly virulent in type I and type II interferon-deficient mice, with robust replication in spleen, lung, and intestine. The TW2015 virus also had high transmissibility to Aedes mosquitoes and could be effectively spread in a continuous mosquitoes-mouse-mosquitoes-mouse transmission cycle. By making 16681-based mutants carrying different segments of the TW2015 virus, we identified the structural pre-membrane (prM) and envelope (E) genes as key virulence determinants in the host, with involvement in the high transmissibility of the TW2015 virus in mosquitoes. The transmission mouse model will make a useful platform for evaluation of DENV with high epidemic potential and development of new strategies against dengue outbreaks.
A coleção numismática do Museu Nacional de Machado de Castro
Authors: Pereira Isabel , Silva Teófilo , Pacheco António , Silva Ricardo Costeira da
Published: March 2021

A obra contempla a coleção de Numismática do Museu Nacional de Machado de Castro (MNMC) e outras peças monetiformes, composta por 1286 exemplares, maioritariamente recuperados neste espaço histórico da cidade de Coimbra. Reúnem-se igualmente peças recolhidas noutros pontos da cidade ou em intervenções pontuais realizadas noutros monumentos nacionais e fruto de doações e aquisições. A monografia é composta por cinco núcleos principais que se organizam cronologicamente: moedas romanas; moedas medievais; moedas portuguesas; moedas estrangeiras e objetos monetiformes. Com prefácio do Prof. Jorge de Alarcão, o livro encontra-se profusamente ilustrado e enriquecido por diversos textos interpretativos que melhor exploram e enquadram a listagem individual que se apresenta em formato de catálogo.
Differences in Perception Between Students and Teachers of High School Science: Implications for Evaluations of Teaching and Classroom Evaluation.
Authors:   Deakin University / Las Cumbres Observatory, USA, Fitzgerald Michael , McKinnon David ,   Edith Cowan University, Danaia Lena ,   Charles Sturt University, Bartlett Sophie ,   Cardiff University, United Kingdom
Published: March 2021

The science teacher in the modern high school acts as the designer and driver of the in-class practice. In this role, the teacher must broadly assess the effect of the practice on the student. This would rely on accurate self-knowledge of how they act in class and impact their students. In this study we explore these issues by comparing the difference in responses of 86 teachers and 2512 Year 9 and 10 students to an instrument probing their perceptions of their in-class practice. We report two significant findings. First, not only do teachers constantly positively overrate their in-class practice but secondly, these perceptions are completely unrelated to how their students see their classrooms. This implies that using teachers as the sole source of evaluation about their own classroom practice is problematic and that evaluation should always be endeavoured to be undertaken at the level of both teachers and students.
Indonesian Teachers Beliefs On The Gap Between Educational Research And Practice
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Wahyu Purnomo Yoppy , Pramudiani Puri ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Indonesia, Abdul Aziz Tian ,   Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia, Kaur Amrita ,   Wenzhou-Kean University, Noor Ismail Siti ,   Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia, Nuriadin Ishaq ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Indonesia
Published: March 2021

Teachers' beliefs towards educational research has become one significant factor in explaining the gap between research and practice. The present study aimed at reviewing the scale to measure teachers' beliefs about the causes and problems related to research-based practices, describing beliefs that teachers appear to hold, and examining its relation to their demographic characteristics. The study involved 466 in-service teachers in Jakarta Province. The study employed the 24-item scale developed by Broekkamp and van Hout-Wolters (2007). The study indicated that 20 out of 24 items of the scale were valid and reliable to measure the teachers’ beliefs. The scale consisted of two factors, namely, causes pertaining to research and causes pertaining to the use of research. The study also showed that most of participants tend to hold negative beliefs, especially pertaining to the use of research. There was significant difference in beliefs related to teaching experience.
THE LEGAL NATURE OF FAMILY LAW AGREEMENTS AND THEIR PLACE IN THE LEGAL FACT SYSTEM
Authors: Philippova T.A. , Titarenko E.P. , Darkhambaeva A.D.
Published: March 2021

The article shows discussion issues regarding the place of family law agreements in the classificationof legal facts. The authors also bring to the discussion the question of the legal nature of the family lawagreement. The scientific work presents an anthology of legal thought about family legal relations of theSoviet period, as well as a brief retrospective of its development in the last 20 years. The authors of the articledefine family law as an independent legal industry with its inherent features which also predefine the specialqualities of family law agreements that do not allow them to be identified with civil law contracts. The articleproposes to abandon the application of civil law in the regulation of family agreements.
Continuing Medical Education Questions: April 2021
Authors: Sharma Amol
Published: March 2021

Article Title: Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: The Evolving Risk Landscape
A democracia como fim e a escola como meio: convergências entre Anísio Teixeira e Paulo Freire
Authors: Fonseca Sérgio César da
Published: March 2021

O presente estudo visa esclarecer os pontos de convergência entre Paulo Freire e Anísio Teixeira referentes aos temas da produção da democracia no Brasil de fins da década de 1950. Para tanto, são tomados como fonte os textos de Freire Educação e atualidade brasileira e Educação como prática da liberdade. O cotejo das idéias de Anísio e Freire permite observar importantes convergências entre ambos, quanto ao papel da educação na formação dos hábitos democráticos e da construção da sociedade democrática, por meio de grandes esforços educativos. Tal proximidade é bastante perceptível até a segunda obra freireana, Educação como prática da liberdade, ficando menos evidente nas obras posteriores. À medida que Freire produz novos textos e participa de novas experiências políticas e educativas, no Chile, junto aos camponeses, suas reflexões priorizam temas como a ruptura entre opressores e oprimidos e a revolução como ação cultural.
“Positivista feliz” ou “hipermilitante pessimista”? Sobre os atos de problematização em Michel Foucault
Authors: Gomes Soares Jean Dyêgo
Published: March 2021

“Positivista feliz”ou “hipermilitante pessimista”? Sobre os atos de problematização em Michel Foucault1
Resumo: Através do escrutínio de duas noções centrais do pensamento de Michel Foucault – crítica e genealogia–, este texto elucida o conceito de problematização, dando ênfase a seu possível caráter performativo. Numa primeira parte, construímos uma perspectiva do que seria a tarefa do pensador crítico, para, num segundo momento, elucidar a diferença entre uma história das soluções e uma genealogia dos problemas. A provocativa interrogação do título remete a duas atitudes aludidas pelo filósofo. Ao pensar os atos de problematização, esperamos fornecer uma posição acerca deles, e mostrar um modo particular do autor de moldar as noções centrais abordadas anteriormente.
Palavras-Chave: Crítica. Genealogia. Atos de Fala. Filosofia. Problematização.
1 Financiamento de pesquisa: CNPq
Michel Foucault: “Happy positivist” or “Hyperactivist pessimist”? On its acts of problematization
 Abstract: Scrutinizing two main notions of Michel Foucault’s thinking – Critique and Genealogy -, this paper elucidates the concept of problematization, with an emphasis in its hypothetical performative aspect. Firstly, we build a perspective on the task of a critical thinker to, in a second moment, elucidate the difference between a history of solutions and a genealogy of problems. The provocative question mark in title refers to two attitudes alluded by Foucault. Reflecting about acts of problematization, we hope to offer a position about them, and show the particular way of this author to shape those central notions approached before.
Keywords: Critique. Genealogy. Speech Acts. Philosophy. Problematization.
 ¿"Positivista feliz" o "hipermilitante pesimista"? Sobre los actos de problematización de Michel Foucault
 Resumen: Mediante el escrutinio de dos nociones centrales del pensamiento de Michel Foucault – crítica y genealogía – este texto elucida el concepto de problematización, enfatizando su posible carácter performativo. En la primera parte, construimos una perspectiva del que sería la tarea del pensador crítico, para en un secundo momento, elucidar la diferencia entre una historia de las soluciones e una genealogía de los problemas. La provocativa interrogación del título remite a dos actitudes de Foucault. Pensando los actos de problematización, nosotros intentamos fornecer una posición acerca de ellos, y mostrar un modo particular del autor de moldar las nociones centrales abordadas anteriormente.
Palabras clave: Crítica. Genealogía. Actos del habla. Filosofía. Problematización.
Data de registro: 03/10/2019
Data de aceite: 27/05/2020
A unidimensionalização da linguagem e a fragilização teórica do campo investigativo educacional: desafios para a pesquisa em educação
Authors: Baroni Vivian
Published: March 2021

Resumo: Tendo por base o conceito marcuseano de linguagem unidimensional, o presente ensaio pretende problematizar esse tema com relação às suas implicações no campo da pesquisa educacional. A não utilização do conceito e do excesso de significado que a linguagem bidimensional traz em si, resulta na fragilidade teórica fortemente sentida no campo da pesquisa educacional, que resulta, em última instância, na dificuldade de validação do seu conhecimento. Nesse sentido, defendemos a importância da retomada dos estudos de caráter teórico, assim como do trabalho adequado do conceito e dos universais, como instrumentos conceituais imprescindíveis na pesquisa que deseja considerar toda a complexidade do campo da educação.

Palavras chave: linguagem unidimensional; pesquisa educacional; teoria; empiria; formação.

The unidimensionalization of language and the theoretical fragilization of the educational investigative field: challenges for research in education 

Abstract: Based on the Marcusean concept of unidimensional language, the present essay intends to problematize this theme in relation to its implications in the field of educational research. The non-use of the concept and the excess of meaning that the two-dimensional language brings in itself results in the theoretical fragility strongly felt in the field of educational research, which results, in the last instance, the difficulty of validating its knowledge. In this sense, we defend the importance of resuming theoretical studies, as well as the adequate work of the concept and the universals, as essential conceptual instruments in the research that wishes to consider all the complexity of the field of education. 

Keywords: one-dimensional language; educational research; theory; empiria; formation.

Unidimensionalización del lenguaje y fragilización teórica del campo de investigación educativa: desafíos para la investigación educativa 

Resumen: Basado en el concepto marcusiano de lenguaje unidimensional, el presente ensayo pretende problematizar este tema en relación con sus implicaciones en el campo de la investigación educativa. La falta de uso del concepto y el exceso de significado que el lenguaje bidimensional trae consigo resulta en la debilidad teórica que se siente fuertemente en el campo de la investigación educativa, lo que en última instancia resulta la dificultad de validar su conocimiento. En este sentido, defendemos la importancia de la reanudación de los estudios teóricos, así como el trabajo adecuado del concepto y los universales, como instrumentos conceptuales indispensables en la investigación que desea considerar toda la complejidad del campo de la educación. 

Palabras clave: lenguaje unidimensional; investigación educativa; teoría empirismo formación.

Apoio/Financiamento: PROSUC/CAPES

Data de registro: 31/07/2019

Data de aceite: 30/10/2019
A comunidade dos amantes:
Authors: Dionizio Mayara Joice , Bonesi Ferreira Gabriel
Published: March 2021

A comunidade dos amantes: anacronismo e aforismo em questão em Blanchot e Derrida

Resumo: A reflexão sobre o pensamento da “comunidade”, especificamente no séc. XX e, em especial, por pensadores franceses, é tema de diversas obras. Em torno dessa temática, pensadores como Bataille, Deleuze, Foucault, Blanchot, Jean-Luc Nancy e Derrida deram importantes contribuições. Apesar de Derrida recusar a noção de comunidade colocando em seu lugar a noção de coletividade, as concepções que fundamentam uma experiência de comunidade/coletividade são próximas: alteridade; différance; escritura; acontecimento e presença de uma ausência. Nesse contexto, a possibilidade de uma interseção entre esses conceitos, a partir da obras de Blanchot e Derrida, permite pensar a experiência da comunidade em sua relação com a escritura.  Palavras-chave: Comunidade; Coletividade; Escritura; Alteridade; Acontecimento.

The lovers community: anachronism and aphorism in question in Blanchot and Derrida

 Abstract: The reflection about the thought of “community”, specifically in the XX century and, specially, by French thinkers, is the theme of many works. Around this theme, thinkers/intellectuals like Bataille, Deleuze, Foucault, Blanchot, Jean-Luc Nancy and Derrida gave important contributions. Despite Derrida's refusal of the notion of community putting in its place the notion of collectivity, the conceptions that ground an experience of community/collectivity are close: otherness; differance; writing; event and absent presence. In this context, the possibility of an intersection between these concepts, starting from the works of Blanchot and Derrida, allows to think the experience of community in its relation to the writing.

Keywords: Community; Collectivity; Writing; Otherness; Event.

La communauté des amoureux : anacronisme et aphorisme en question chez Blanchot et Derrida

Résumé: La réflexion sur la pensée de la “communauté”, spécifiquement au XXe siècle, et particulièrement par les penseurs français, fait l’objet de plusieurs travaux. Autour de ce thème, des penseurs tels que Bataille, Deleuze, Foucault, Blanchot, Jean-Luc Nancy et Derrida ont apporté d'importantes contributions. Bien que Derrida rejette la notion de communauté, en la remplaçant par la notion de collectivité, les conceptions qui fondent une expérience communauté/collectivité sont proches : altérité ; la différance ; écriture ; événement et présence d'une absence. Dans ce contexte, la possibilité d'une intersection de ces concepts, basée sur les travaux de Blanchot et de Derrida, permet de réfléchir à l'expérience de la communauté dans sa relation avec l'écriture.

Mots-clés: Communauté ; Collectivité ; Écriture ; Altérité ; Événement.

Data de registro: 21/11/2019

Data de aceite:  08/12/2020
Às voltas com a questão do sujeito:
Authors: Santos Renato
Published: March 2021

Às voltas com a questão do sujeito: da transparência à encarnação

Resumo: O propósito deste artigo é mostrar a limitação do sujeito cartesiano no que diz respeito ao fenômeno da existência. Concebido como transparente a si mesmo, este sujeito não abarca as contingências do mundo da vida (Lebenswelt), pois se a verdade somente pode ser acessada por meio do pensamento, a dimensão do que escapa à representação não é contemplada. Na filosofia de Merleau-Ponty, buscaremos pensar um sujeito que, diferente de Descartes, não reduz o mundo ao cogito, mas assume sua inessencialidade, sua incompletude. Por fim, veremos emergir um sujeito que somente se sustenta na medida em que afirma o non-sens que lhe atravessa.

Palavras-chave: Merleau-Ponty; Carnalidade; Sujeito; Non-sens.

Facing the issue of the subject: from transparency to incarnation 

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to show the limitation of the Cartesian subject with regard to the phenomenon of existence. Conceived as transparent to himself, this subject does not include the contingencies of the life world (Lebenswelt), because if the truth can only be accessed through thought, the dimension of what escapes representation is not contemplated. In Merleau-Ponty's philosophy, we will try to think of a subject who, unlike Descartes, does not reduce the world to the cogito, but assumes its inessentiality, its incompleteness. Finally, we will see a subject emerge that can only be sustained insofar as it affirms the non-sens that crosses it.

Key-words: Merleau-Ponty; Carnality; Subject; Non-sens.

Face à l'enjeu du sujet: de la transparence à l'incarnation

Résumé: Le but de cet article est montrer la limitation du sujet cartésien par rapport au phénomène de l'existence. Conçu comme transparent pour lui-même, ce sujet ne comprend pas les contingences du monde de la vie (Lebenswelt), car si la vérité ne peut être atteinte que par la pensée, la dimension de ce qui échappe à la représentation n'est pas envisagée. Dans la philosophie de Merleau-Ponty, nous allons essayer de penser à un sujet qui, contrairement à Descartes, ne réduit pas le monde à un cogito, mais assume son inessentialité, son incomplétude. Enfin, nous verrons émerger un sujet qui ne se soutient que dans la mesure où il affirme le non-sens qui le traverse.

Mots-clés: Merleau-Ponty; Carnalité; Sujet; Non-sens.

Data de registro: 06/12/2019  

Data de aceite: 16/12/2020
Alumnos con discapacidad:
Authors: Verástegui Juárez Miriam Viridiana , Broglia Feitosa de Lacerda Crisina
Published: March 2021

Alumnos con discapacidad: modelo de inclusión de la Universidad Federal de San Carlos

Resumen: El objetivo fue describir cómo funciona el programa de inclusión para alumnos con discapacidad en la Universidad Federal de San Carlos, en Brasil. Es una investigación cualitativa con análisis del discurso de cuatro entrevistas semiestructuradas con alumnos con discapacidad, investigadores especialistas y gestores. Los principales resultados muestran que no es suficiente trabajar sobre los ejes de atención a estos estudiantes sino se analizan y evalúan las funciones de los actores involucrados en el proceso de inclusión. Es necesaria una estructura que promueva cambios culturales en la comunidad universitaria, de otro modo, las barreras actitudinales siguen siendo uno de los principales límites para estos alumnos.

Palabras clave: Educación Superior; Discapacidad; Educación Especial; Educación Inclusiva.

Alunos com deficiência: modelo de inclusão na Universidade Federal de São Carlos

 Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi descrever o funcionamento do programa de inclusão para alunos com deficiência na Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa com base na análise do discurso de quatro entrevistas semiestruturadas com alunos com deficiência, pesquisadores especializados e gestores. Os resultados centrais mostram que não é suficiente trabalhar sobre os eixos principais de atenção a estes alunos, que deve-se analisar e avaliar as funções dos atores envolvidos no processo de inclusão, e é preciso uma estrutura que motive uma mudança cultural na comunidade universitária, caso contrário, as barreiras atitudinais continuam sendo limites principais para estes alunos. 

Palavras-chave: Ensino Superior; Deficiência; Educação Especial; Educação Inclusiva.

Students with disabilities: inclusion model of Federal University of São Carlos 

Abstract: The objective of the study is to describe the inclusion program for students with disability in the Federal University of São Carlos, in Brazil. A qualitative study based on discourse analysis of four semi-structured interviews with students with disability, specialist researchers, and managers. The main results shows that is not enough to focus on the principal subjects of inclusive education, instead, it’s necessary to analyze responsibilities of every actor involved in the inclusion process, motivation based structure is needed towards a cultural change. Otherwise, attitudinal barriers of the university community continue to be one of the principal limits for these students. 

Key words: Higher Education; Disability; Especial Education; Inclusive Education.

Data de registro: 04/03/2020

Data de aceite: 28/08/2020
Apresentação do Dossiê -
Authors: Guimarães Tadeu de Soares Alexandre
Published: March 2021

Sob o patrocínio da CAPES, PROPP da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-MG/ UFU, FAPEMIG, FAPESP e Fundação Fausto Castilho, esforços conjuntos da UFU, da Academia Polonesa de Ciências, da Universidade do Salento e da Universidade de Nápoles possibilitaram a realização, no final de 2017, da I Bienal Internacional de Filosofia de Uberlândia. Além da XX Semana de Filosofia da UFU, organizada em torno do tema A propósito da humanidade, cinco eventos compuseram a nossa primeira Bienal: o III Congresso Internacional “Vico” – A língua de/em Vico; o III Colóquio Nacional “Kant” – As faculdades do ânimo: intuição e objetividade; o I Simpósio Internacional “Aristóteles” – Lógica e epistemologia; a I Jornada Nacional sobre escritores da Roma Antiga – Sêneca e, por fim, o III Seminário Internacional “Descartes” – A ideia de homem em Descartes. Por tal envergadura, esta Bienal reuniu muitos pesquisadores brasileiros e estrangeiros dos mais diversos campos da Filosofia e das Humanidades. O material que ora publicamos consiste em boa parte em textos das conferências do Seminário “Descartes”, posteriormente aperfeiçoados e desenvolvidos tanto em virtude dos debates iniciados na própria Bienal, quanto da interlocução e colaboração intelectual fomentadas a partir dela. [...]

Apoio e financiamento: CAPES, FAPEMIG, PROPP/UFU,  FAPESP, Fundação Fausto Castilho, Academia Polonesa de Ciências,  Universidade do Salento e  Universidade de Nápoles
Emancipação Sócio-Normativa da Isonomia
Authors: Nobre Braga Luiz Felipe
Published: March 2021

Diversos foram os acontecimentos que marcaram o século XX, porém, o feminismo, enquanto movimento ideológico e transformação social, houve por provocar elevado impacto. Ao se considerar a evolução histórica da humanidade é possível visualizar, com razoável nitidez, que a organização da vida e do mundo tem sido comandada pelo pensamento umbilicalmente ligado ao classicismo patriarcal. O embate revolucionário, por conseguinte, marchou na acertada direção de conquista de novos direitos e garantias àquelas que, submetidas à contingência e à margem do protagonismo social, lutaram pelo limiar determinativo de si mesmas. Emancipar-se política e socialmente vai representar, outrossim, a aquisição principiológica da dignidade e da liberdade, na tessitura do Estado contemporâneo: constitucional e humanista. O presente artigo tem, assim, o condão de discutir, sinteticamente, no bojo da filosofia, o alcance teórico do movimento feminista em concordância com a práxis do pensamento sócio-humanista moderno e pós-moderno. Veremos que a emancipação social da mulher logrou elevar a isonomia à fundamentalidade que lhe é ínsita, sobremaneira como causa prejudicial ao edifício normativo doravante designado com aptidão para ser justo e útil na racionalidade principiológica. Demonstraremos a estrutura dialética da revolta/revolução feminina para entender a dinâmica da fundamentação do discurso normativo da isonomia, utilizando, para tanto, o referencial teórico da filosofia existencialista, no que tange à estrutura do humano. Nesse trajeto, penetraremos diretamente na questão da abertura ôntica da mulher à vida e à capacidade autodeterminativa, sobretudo no campo do pensamento ligado à inserção protagonista desta, pela constituição solidária do feminismo acentuado na sua dignidade sistêmica.