bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic adjustment of the eye-voice span and articulation duration in the course of multi-item naming tasks: Evidence for lockout scheduling
Authors: Ziaka Laoura , Protopapas Athanassios
Published: June 2024

Studies of cognitive control using tasks with isolated (single-item) vs. multiple (multi-item) item presentation have shown that multi-item tasks may be more effective in capturing limitations of the cognitive control system arising from capacity constraints. Importantly, during multi-item tasks, performance decreases but does not collapse, consistent with effective management of cognitive overload. This has been interpreted by positing a strategic shift from a more parallel to a more serial processing, whereby the processing of the current item is prioritized over upcoming items, termed lockout scheduling. Here, we investigate this proposal by examining within-task modulations of eye-voice span (EVS) measures and articulation duration in multi-item color naming tasks with and without internal interference (i.e., neutral and incongruent Stroop conditions). We hypothesized that lockout scheduling would manifest itself across measures and conditions as the task progresses and cognitive overload emerges. The results showed dynamic changes in both EVS and articulation measures as a function of time-on-task, consistent with the gradual implementation of a lockout scheduling strategy in response to emerging cognitive overload. The observed patterns indicate that the shift from a more parallel to a more serial processing is not an all-or-none phenomenon but a dynamic interplay between gaze, voice, and covert (i.e., parafoveal) attention, affecting online decisions about “where”, “when”, and “how” to direct gaze, covert attention, and cognitive processing resources.
Progressive-left security and conservative-right distance - How democracy can save itself from populism
Authors: Richter Dirk , Richter Mona
Published: June 2024

Democracy is under threat in many countries, particularly from illiberal and right-wing populist parties. This does not reveal a social trend towards conservatism and right-wing to far-right positions among the population of current democracies, as moral and social attitudes are generally becoming increasingly liberalised. The shift to the right is primarily taking place within the political system, where right-wing conservative and illiberal parties are recognising insecurities among the population and taking up certain trigger topics (e.g. migration, climate, gender and identity issues) in order to increase their share of the vote. To put it in economic terms: The shift to the right does not follow a demand from the voting population, but follows a supply by political parties. Political systems can therefore react accordingly and counter populist positions appropriately. Progressive-left parties can do this by ensuring that the issues and positions they launch do not exacerbate social insecurities, while conservative-right parties can do this by maintaining a clear distance from illiberal positions in terms of content and rhetoric.
Therapeutic efficacy of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Curcuma longa on adenine induced chronic kidney disease in rats
Authors: Patel Vicky M , Sadariya Kamlesh A , Patel Darshan R , Patel Ravi D , Sarvaiya Vaidehi N , Bhavsar Shailesh K
Published: June 2024

The current investigation was designed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of aqueous and alcoholic bi-herbal extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra (GG) and Curcuma longa (CL) on adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) using 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were randomly allocated into six different groups, each group comprising six rats. CKD was induced in groups II to VI by administering adenine at a dose of 200 mg/kg orally once daily for 28 days. Group I served as the control. Group II was adenine control, received adenine (200 mg/kg orally) for 28 days. Groups III, IV, V and VI were therapeutic groups, received adenine @ 200 mg/kg orally once daily for 28 days to induce CKD, after that rats were given bi-herbal aqueous and alcoholic extracts of GG and CL (1.5:1) orally for another 42 days. Groups III and IV, received bi-herbal aqueous extract of GG and CL @ 250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively. Groups V and VI, received bi-herbal alcoholic extracts of GG and CL @ 250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively. Blood samples were collected twice during the experiment, on day 28 and day 70. Various assessments including haematology, serum biochemistry, urine analysis, renal ultrasonography and histopathology were conducted. Adenine administration for 28 days resulted in significant decrease in haemoglobin, total erythrocyte count and lymphocyte, while significant increase in TLC and granulocyte, however treatment with bi-herbal aqueous and alcoholic extracts significantly ameliorated haematological alterations. Adenine induced CKD resulted in elevated serum creatinine, uric acid, BUN, ALT and Phosphorus while significantly reduced levels of serum uromodulin, albumin, total protein, and calcium. Conversely, treatment with aqueous and alcoholic bi-herbal extract significantly improved biochemical changes as compared to adenine control rats. Notably, the therapeutic efficacy was most pronounced in rats treated with bi-herbal alcoholic extracts at the dose rate of 500 mg/kg. In addition, significant increased levels of urine calcium and total protein, with decreased levels of urine creatinine, phosphorus and urine pH were observed in adenine control group as compared to normal control group. These changes were significantly reverted with treatment of aqueous and alcoholic bi-herbal extracts for 42 days. Following CKD induction, treatment with aqueous and alcoholic extracts of GG and CL attenuated ultrasonographic changes and improved histopathological damage in the kidney. Results of the present study showed that the bi-herbal alcoholic extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Curcuma longa in the ratio of 1.5:1 given at the dose rate of 500 mg/kg once orally daily for 42 days after induction of CKD is more efficacious in the treatment of CKD in rats.
Dracaena trifasciata (Prain) Mabb. – Traditional use, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and pharmacology: A comprehensive review
Authors: Babu K , Prabhu DK Srinivasa
Published: June 2024

Dracaena trifasciata (Prain) Mabb. (Asparagaceae) is a perennial herb, commonly known as mother-in-law’s tongue, cultivated as an ornamental plant in homes and parks, native to tropical West Africa. The leaves and rhizomes are traditionally used against acne, fungal infections, skin itches, allergy, ulcer, helminths, earache, pharyngitis, urinary diseases, jaundice, analgesic and antipyretic in various countries. This review comprehensively describes the botany, traditional use, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and pharmacology of this multidimensional herb.
Effectiveness of Mud Bag Buildings in the Irrigation Network Case Study in the Sidemen Irrigation Area
Authors: Rahman Lalu Erwin , Hartana  , Setiawan Ery
Published: June 2024

The problem of sedimentation will cause very detrimental problems if it is not anticipated from the start when we design an irrigation network, because the withdrawal of irrigation water from a river basin will always be followed by transportation of sediment, the sediment material that settles can cause the function of an irrigation network to fail. The objectives of this research include, among other things, to determine the rate of sediment transport, calculate the rate of sediment transport from the results of field tests compared to using the sediment transport calculation method, determine the level of effectiveness of the mud bag building, and to find out the factors that influence the level of effectiveness. Based on sediment transport analysis using 3 (three) methods, namely, the Ackers-White method, the Englund-Hansen method and Yang's method, it can be concluded that the transport calculation using the Ackers-White method has the highest level of accuracy compared to the other two methods. Calculating sediment transport using the Ackers-White method shows that flow discharge and sediment particle diameter are the variables that have the greatest influence on the concentration of sediment transport. The level of effectiveness of a mud bag building is known from how efficiently the building carries out its function in settling incoming sediment. From the results of calculating the efficiency value, it is concluded that the larger the diameter of the sediment particles, the greater the efficiency value, and conversely, the smaller the diameter of the sediment particles, the greater the efficiency value. the smaller it gets, from the calculation results it is found that the average efficiency value at design discharge conditions for sediment particle diameter of 0.1394 mm is 46.57%, sediment particle diameter of 0.1476 mm is 49.73%, sediment particle diameter is 0.1571 mm by 53.39%, sediment particle diameter 0.1582 mm by 53.83%, sediment particle diameter 0.0892 mm by 26.20%, and sediment particle diameter 0.0907 mm by 26.99%, while in discharge conditions varies for sediment particle diameter 0.1394 mm by 40.52%, sediment particle diameter 0.1476 mm by 43.67%, sediment particle diameter 0.1571 mm by 47.33%, sediment particle diameter 0.1582 mm by 47 .77%, sediment particle diameter 0.0892 mm by 21.18%, and sediment particle diameter 0.0907 mm by 21.75%.
Enforcement of the Criminal Act of Letter Forgery on Article 263 Criminal Law Book (KUHP)
Authors: Salahuddin  , Amiruddin  , Ufran
Published: June 2024

This research aims to analyze regulation of the criminal act of forgery of letters in Article 263 of the Criminal Code and to analyze the process of proving the criminal act of forgery of letters in Article 263 of the Criminal Code. By using normative legal research methods. The research results show that the construction of Article 263 is a formal offense which focuses on the act and not the result. This can be seen from the phrase "can cause harm" in the formulation of the article. This formal formulation certainly has implications for the ease of proof in the prosecution field, where the public prosecutor does not need to factually prove the consequences of the loss. On the one hand, the ease of proving criminal acts of letter forgery will make it easier for law enforcement officials to process various kinds of letter forgery cases which of course can reduce criminal acts of letter forgery that occur in society. Law enforcement against the criminal act of forgery of documents is an action that begins with the process of inquiry, inquiry, prosecution and examination of the case in court in order to prove whether or not the criminal act of forgery is proven based on evidence including witness statements, expert statements, letters, instructions and statements of the accused. that it is clear and convincing that the defendants, on behalf of Mirate and Sulaiman, have been legally proven to have violated Article 263 Paragraph 1 of the Criminal Code. According to the author, the Praya District Court judge's decision has taken into consideration all the witnesses and evidence which are the basis for considering a case.
SITE AND RATE OF OSSICULAR CHAIN EROSION IN PATIENTS UNDERWENT TYMPANOMASTOID SURGERY
Authors:   Lecturer, Surgery Department- College of Medicine,/ University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan region, Iraq, RABEEA ALKHALIL ABDULLAH
Published: June 2024

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a common problem affecting middle ear and it’s commonly presented with chronic ear discharge and decreased hearing. Hearing problem in CSOM is primarily caused perforated tympanic membrane and in some cases by the presence of erosion of the ossicular chain. The study aimed to show the rate and site of ossicular chain erosion in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media underwent tympanomastoid surgery. Patient and methods: a cross sectional study conducted on 87 patients performed tympanomastoid surgery for chronic middle ear infection where their ossicular status has been assessed intraoperatively. Results: our study shows that 40% of the operated ears has at least a single bone erosion and the Incus bone was the most affected ossicle while the Malleus was the least one 54% and 14% respectively. No statistically significant difference was seen between bone erosion and gender as well as the side of operation. Conclusion: ossicular erosion is a common problem affecting patient with chronic suppurative otitis media and the surgeons should be aware about this pathology and they should have the proper skill to correct such problem.
Integral assessment of the level of digitalization of production in agriculture
Authors:   Udmurt State Agrarian University, Izhevsk, Russia, Akmarov Peter B. , Alborov Grigory R. ,   Udmurt State Agrarian University, Izhevsk, Russia, Knyazeva Olga P. ,   Udmurt State Agrarian University, Izhevsk, Russia, Kondratiev Dmitry V. ,   Udmurt State Agrarian University, Izhevsk, Russia
Published: June 2024

The development of digital transformation processes in agriculture is uneven both in the regions of the country and in individual economic entities. The current methods of assessing the level of digitalization of business do not take into account industry specifics, therefore they are not accurate and not objective. The article proposes a new approach to the integrated assessment of digitalization of agricultural business, which is based on an econometric model. In this model, a comprehensive assessment of digital transformation is determined for each specific type of digital technology according to its role in increasing production. The study shows that today the most important and essential technologies for increasing agricultural production are technologies using geoinformation systems (GIS technologies), the Internet of Things and industrial robots. The authors propose to evaluate the contribution of each technology to the integrated digitalization index by the degree of influence of this technology on the result of production based on correlation and regression analysis. The article presents such calculations made on the basis of materials from the state statistics bodies of Russia. The paper shows an example of calculating the level of digitalization in regions with a predominantly agrarian orientation of the economy.
Problems of formation of personnel potential for agricultural organizations of the Samara Region
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Samara, Russia, Tatarovskaya Tatiana E.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the study of factors influencing the human resources formation as a component of the agricultural organization human capital. The indicated factors are considered in the context of their correlation with problematic aspects of the agriculture human resources potential formation and development both in the country and in a separate region. In order to identify indirect aspects that affect the agricultural enterprise human capital in Samara region, a SWOT analysis of business conditions in the region and labor market and employment indicators statistical study for the activity relevant type were conducted. The proposed directions for solving the agricultural organizations human resources formation and development problems in Samara region are outlined in the framework of improving and creating regional programs.
MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS E SETOR TÊXTIL: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Kraetzig Elda Rodrigues Steinhorst , Ávila Lucas Veiga , Beuron Thiago Antônio , Garlet Valéria
Published: June 2024

As mudanças climáticas representam grande ameaça para o planeta, sociedade e empresas de diferentes segmentos, dentre elas as têxteis. As indústrias têxteis estão entre as mais poluentes, com isso, sofrem cobrança adotem medidas para mitigação das mudanças climáticas. Neste sentido, este estudo realizou uma revisão sistemática da literatura para mapear estudos sobre a mitigação das mudanças climáticas neste setor. A base de dados utilizada foi a Web Of Science, com filtrode artigos no período de 1 janeiro de 2013 a 31 de dezembro de 2022. Foi realizada a revisão dos artigos e selecionados 38 artigos adequados ao escopo. Após esta seleção, foi realizada a análise das palavras-chave com maior ocorrência, a evolução do tema, os países mais citados, os journals mais citados e os artigos mais citados.    Constatou-se que as palavras-chave com maior ocorrência na temática foram mudanças climáticas, têxteis, têxtil, águas residuais têxteis e remoção. A evolução do tema apresentou-se como crescente. Os países mais citados foram: China, Austrália, Alemanha, Estados Unidos, Malásia e Finlândia. Os journals mais citados foram o Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal of the Textile Institute, Environmental and Climate Technologies e International Journal of Life Cycle Assesment. Os artigos mais citados abordam principalmente os tópicos de resíduos têxteis e ciclo de vida têxtil.
CAMINHO DAS MISSÕES: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA NA GESTÃO DO TURISMO E DESENVOLVIMENTO NA REGIÃO DAS MISSÕES, RS
Authors: Scherer Luciana , Schroeder Ronnie , Botelho Louise de Lira Roedel
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho traz uma reflexão sobre turismo, desenvolvimento e sua relação com a administração de negócios e lugares. O território de estudo situa-se na Região das Missões, no Rio Grande do Sul. A análise    está focada no Caminho das Missões, um roteiro turístico que integra uma cadeia produtiva do turismo ao longo de uma região caracterizada pela atividade agropecuária, mas que possui o único Patrimônio Mundial da Humanidade da Região Sul do Brasil – as Ruínas de São Miguel. A importância do Caminho das Missões, produto turístico formatado no ano 2000 está no fato de que ao longo de suas opções de roteiros com até 800 km, trabalha com os diversos prestadores de serviços, criando uma ampla rede de  empreendimentos. Esta pesquisa está pautada em esforços práticos, aplicados, exploratórios e qualitativos, com coleta de dados baseadas em entrevistas narrativas com atores regionais que  atuam no turismo para a caracterização do objeto e das práticas que o circundam. Traz, como resultado, o entendimento sobre as necessidades, de um lado, do aumento da demanda para o consumo do produto e, de outro, a percepção sobre o papel desse objeto em análise na geração  de novos negócios e renda na Região.
The structure of the Chinese cowpea (legume) crop for grain use when grown in the Southern Steppe zone of Ukraine
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Mykolaichuk V.
Published: June 2024

The research has established the peculiarities of formation and structure of the Chinese cowpea crop in the field under drip irrigation. It was found that, depending on the conditions of fruit formation, the highest indicators of fruits and seeds, fruit yield and the proportion of seeds in fruits are characteristic of the second harvesting period. At the second harvesting period, 50.94 % of ripe fruits were harvested, with a seed content of 69.86 %.
Quo Vadis Hadith Studies in Islamic Boarding Schools in Al-Jabiri's Perspective
Authors: Anam Wahidul , Sulaeman Mubaidi , Mustakim Andi Ardiyan , Putra Afriadi , Hakim Lukmanul
Published: June 2024

This study aims to analyze the paradigm shift and the direction of the hadith study objectives at Ma'had Aly HasyimAs-sari Jombang used the perspective of Muhammad Abid Al-Jabiriy's Arabic reasoning.  This study used a descriptive curative approach. Technical Data Analysis Using Miles and Huberman Theory with three steps: data collection, data reduction, third data presentation, verification, and data conclusions. Primary and secondary data were used in this study. Secondary data were obtained from secondary sources, such as tabloids, magazines, bulletins, and online opinions, while primary data were obtained from primary sources, such as interviews and observations. This study found that first, the Islamic Boarding School, especially Ma'had Aly Hasyim Asaraiy, in essence has long used irfani and bayani reasoning in the form of hadith studies as a counter to the extreme burhani reasoning of Western civilization as a counterweight. However, lately, Islamic boarding school education with its Ma'had Aly begin to be carried away by the strandarization of such education. Second, Ma'had Aly education has a purpose as a response to global changes in the world of education which requires formality as an authority for recognizing the knowledge of its graduates, but has a big consequence that one day the boarding school will lose its irfanical reasoning characteristics by sinking into extreme burhani reasoning in the national education system implemented by the government.
Pengaruh Kapasitas Dividen, Pembayaran Dividen, Free Cash Flow Savings, Tingkat Hutang, Dewan Direksi Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan
Authors: Vito Nanda , Mahroji Mahroji
Published: June 2024

Rasio Return on Equity (ROE) merupakan salah satu indikator kesehatan keuangan suatu perusahaan. Pengembalian investasi (ROI) suatu perusahaan adalah ukuran profitabilitasnya. Yang memotivasi penelitian ini adalah kebutuhan untuk memahami bagaimana faktor-faktor seperti tabungan arus kas bebas, kapasitas dividen, dewan direksi, tingkat utang, dan kinerja keuangan berinteraksi satu sama lain. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan sampel data pada perusahaan manufaktur makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) pada tahun 2018 hingga 2021. Persyaratan data dipenuhi oleh 23 perusahaan jika menggunakan teknik seleksi bertujuan. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari perusahaan produsen makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di BEI di Indonesia antara tahun 2018 dan 2021. Terdapat sembilan kelompok yang memenuhi persyaratan data dengan menggunakan teknik seleksi terarah. Perusahaan di bisnis makanan dan minuman menyediakan 36 set data laporan keuangan untuk penelitian ini. Pengujian asumsi digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini dievaluasi melalui penggunaan analisis regresi berganda dan model persamaan regresi berganda. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa tingkat utang tidak berpengaruh terhadap pembayaran dividen atau kinerja keuangan, namun dewan direksi memiliki pengaruh yang sangat negatif terhadap tabungan arus kas bebas dan kinerja keuangan.
 
Kata Kunci: Kinerja Keuangan, Kapasitas Dividen, Arus Kas Bebas, Penghematan Arus Kas Bebas, Dewan Direksi, Tingkat Hutang
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Kompensasi dan Pengembangan Karir terhadap Kepuasan Karyawan pada PTPN III Medan
Authors: Tarigan Jul Rojis , Butar-butar Destri Jessica , Ginting Kristi Endah Ndilosa , Yunita Mella
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada PTPN III (Persero), tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan, kompensasi, dan pengembangan karir terhadap kepuasan karyawan pada PTPN III (Persero). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah gaya kepemimpinan, kompensasi, pengembangan karir berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan di PTPN III (Persero). Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif statistik, jumlah populasi, sebanyak 250 karyawan serta sampel sebanyak 84 karyawan. Sumber data dengan kusioner dan teknik analisis data menggunakan IBM SPSS versi 22.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan karyawan, kompensasi berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan karyawan, pengembangan karir berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan karyawan, dan gaya kepemimpinan, kompensasi, pengembangan karir berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan karyawan.
 This research was conducted at PTPN III (Persero), the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of leadership style, compensation, and career development on employee satisfaction at PTPN III (Persero). This study aims to determine whether leadership style, compensation, career development affect employee performance at PTPN III (Persero). The research approach used is qualitative, with this type of research is descriptive statistics, the population, as many as 250 employees and a sample of 84 employees. Data sources with questionnaires and data analysis techniques using IBM SPSS version 22.0. The results showed that leadership style affects employee satisfaction, compensation affects employee satisfaction, career development affects employee satisfaction, and leadership style, compensation, career development affect employee satisfaction.
Keyword: Gaya Kepemimpinan, Kompensasi, dan Pengembangan Karir Terhadap Kepuasan Karyawan.
Optimization of the MCM-48 Synthesis Method as a Catalyst in the Esterification of Nyamplung Seed Oil into Biodiesel
Authors: Kolo La , La Kalamu La Yusran , Soekamto Nunuk Hariani , Taba Paulina , Fauziah St. , Maming Maming , Zakir Muhammad
Published: June 2024

This study was conducted to synthesize MCM-48 based on the surfactants (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and Triton X-100). The effect of surfactant on MCM-48 was studied in the esterification of nyamplung seed oil. Optimization of the amount of surfactant in the MCM-48 catalyst in the esterification of nyamplung seed oil was carried out by washing and calcination methods. Comparison of GC-MS method and acid-base titration was also studied to determine the activity of the MCM-48 catalyst in the esterification. The results of the Mann Whitney statistical test showed that there was no significant difference (Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.967) for the two methods. The effect of the active site on the MCM-48 catalyst activity in the esterification was characterized by FTIR and XRD. The catalyst's activity is significantly influenced by both the percentage transmittance of the silanol active site and the surfactant removal method. The MCM-48 catalyst manufactured by calcination (CTAB-MCM-48/650) performed 12.31% better than the washing approach (CTAB-MCM-48/1w). However, the CTAB-MCM-48 catalyst can be applied to the simultaneous reaction (esterification and transesterification) of the conversion of nyamplung seed oil into biodiesel.
Investigating Knocking Potential, Cycle Stability, and Emission Characteristics in Lean Spark Ignition Engine with Gasoline, Ethanol, and Methanol
Authors: Mokhtar Mokhtar , Sugiarto Bambang , Agama Askar Adika , Kurniawan Ade , Auzani Ahmad Syihan
Published: June 2024

In this paper, an investigation of the use of gasoline-ethanol-methanol on the spark ignition engine is presented, it is not common practice on public roads to use three fuels simultaneously in a spark-ignition engine. Using methanol reduces the ignition delay during combustion, especially at lean air-fuel ratios, and reduces knocking potential in small amounts. The best result ignition delay with value λ= 1,3 obtained in the E5M15 mixture with SoC occurred at 325 CAo, while the value λ= 1,0 also obtained on the same mixture with SoC occurred at 321,5 CAo. The CCV results indicate a more sloping increase in the COV (coefficient of variation) value when using GEM fuel, particularly with the addition of more methanol. The addition of methanol enhances combustion progression and improves the ability of the fuel blend to sustain combustion under lean conditions. Regarding the torque and power values, at λ= 1,0; 1,1; 1,2 are not significantly different, while the value λ= 1,3 is below the other λ values.
Characterizing of Nano Activated Bio-Carbon of Sago Waste as a Homogeneous Combustion Catalyst
Authors: Nanlohy Hendry Y. , Riupassa Helen , Setiyo Muji
Published: June 2024

Alternative fuels were developed by blending crude coconut oil and bio-carbon nanoparticles. Bio-carbon, derived from sago waste via pyrolysis and ground using a ball mill, underwent FTIR testing to assess its energy absorption capabilities. SEM analysis was conducted to examine the surface morphology of bio-catalyst with and without crude coconut oil. The findings indicate that incorporating bio-catalyst can enhance mechanical properties, facilitating rapid heat absorption, as evidenced by reduced flashpoint and viscosity. In addition, the results show an increase in fuel mass, broadening of molecular contacts, increased reactivity, and increased heat absorption for easier ignition. This phenomenon indicates that bio-carbon of sago waste have great potential for biofuel use as a homogeneous combustion catalyst.
Investigation of the Vehicle Driving Trajectory During Turning at Intersectional Roads Using Deep Learning Model
Authors: Yong Ericsson , Peeie Mohamad Heerwan Bin , Zulkifli Abdullah Bin , Ishak Muhammad Izhar , Ibrahim Mohd Zamri Bin , Zakaria Muhammad Aizzat Bin , Mohd Razelan Intan Suhana Binti , Ab. Nasir Ahmad Fakhri Bin , Mohd Jawi Zulhaidi
Published: June 2024

Two-thirds of vehicle accidents in Malaysia occurred at the straight type of roads, followed by intersection-type roads. Despite the deployment of traffic lights on the road, accidents still occur which are caused by illegal maneuvers, speeding or misjudgment of other’s actions. Hence, motivated by the lack of previous research regarding causes of accidents on intersectional roads, this study aims to observe the pattern of the vehicles’ speed and turning angle during the right turn after the traffic stop at the intersection road. To obtain these parameters, video samples of vehicles at two types of intersections were obtained and analyzed via YOLOV7 and DeepSORT. The two road intersections researched are four-legged intersection and three-legged intersection. 153 and 35 vehicle samples were collected from these types of road intersections, respectively. It was observed that 78 and 75 vehicles exit towards the nearest and furthest lanes at four-leg controlled crossings on divided roads. While, at a single-lane to a dual carriageway road intersection, 26 and 9 vehicles exit towards the nearest and furthest lanes, respectively. From the research, 16.52 - 17.53 km/h and 67.57°-73.33° are the most optimal turning speeds and angles respectively for vehicles at four-leg controlled crossings. Whereas 14.48 - 15.51 km/h and 144.77° - 154.403° are the most optimal turning speeds and angles respectively for vehicles at a single-lane to a dual carriageway road intersection.
Collapse Behavior and Energy Absorption Characteristics of Design Multi-Cell Thin Wall Structure 3D-Printed Under Quasi Statistic Loads
Authors: Wirawan Willy Artha , Junipitoyo Bambang , Putro Setyo Hariyadi Suranto , Sabitah A’yan , Suudy Ahmad Hamim , Ridwan Ridwan , Choiron Moch. Agus
Published: June 2024

Crashworthiness is a passive device that has an important function as an absorbing component of the impact energy resulting from an accidental event. The main problem in the crashworthy design is the dimensional limitation on the front end of the vehicle with the driver so that most of the energy absorption is limited. Besides, the complexity of crashworthiness design is difficult to make conventionally. This research aims to find out the effectiveness of crashworthiness design in energy absorption and the resulting deformation patterns. Crashwortines are made in a multi-cell shape using PLA material and printed using a 3D printing raise machine. Crashworthiness is produced with four variation shapes of a Multi-cell circle (MCC), Multi-Cell square (MCS), Multicell pentagonal (MCP), and Multi-Cell pentagonal circles (MCPC) with a side thickness of 2 mm and a length of 150 mm. Experimental quasi-static testing is carried out in the frontal direction using a UTM machine at an operating speed of 2mm/s. The results of the study show that the design of the crash box of the pentagon circle has a significant increase in the energy absorption value of 62.49%, which can be recommended in future impact resistance tube designs. The characteristics of the deformation pattern and the failure resulting from the crashworthiness tend to form the pattern of the bending lamina failure. Failures can occur due to plastic fold, elastic bend, and pressure deformation mechanisms followed by new folding formations (lobes).
Fueling the Future: The Case for Heavy-Duty Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles in Sustainable Transportation
Authors: Setiawan Indra Chandra , Setiyo Muji
Published: June 2024

In the global pursuit of transportation decarbonization, this essay asserts that heavy-duty fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) technology represents a more compelling path forward than light-duty FCEVs. The inherent advantages of fuel cells, such as extended range, rapid refueling, and sustained performance, make them well-suited for demanding applications like trucking and public transit. Heavy-duty FCEVs offer significant potential for emissions reduction, integration with existing infrastructure, and economies of scale through commercial fleet adoption. While the upfront investment is substantial, the essay examines how operational benefits can gradually offset costs, emphasizing the importance of heavy-duty FCEVs in sustainable transportation solutions.
The Square cup deep drawing: Technology transfer from experts to increase production in small and medium enterprise (SME) groups
Authors: Karyadi Karyadi , Sukarman Sukarman , Mulyadi Dodi , Ulhakim Muhamad Taufik , Fazrin Nazar , Irfani Tomas , Rahdiana Nana , Hakim Afif , Nurdin Alizar , Mucharrom Fajar
Published: June 2024

The deep drawing is a complex steel forming method involving blank dimensions, dimension/height ratio (D/H ratio), and clearance between die and punch (D/P allowance). Failure to identify proper blank dimensions and D/H ratio can lead to production defects such as tears, while failure to recognize the correct clearance can cause wrinkles. This article discusses technology dissemination to Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) for the deep drawing process in producing R-ornament components #3D40x40, considering these crucial parameters. R-ornament #3D40x40 was manufactured using SPCC-SD material with a thickness of 0.65 mm. The Participatory Action Research (PAR) method was employed to collaboratively optimize blank dimensions, D/H ratio, and dies/punch (D/P) allowance with partners. The optimization of blank dimensions successfully eliminated the need for the trimming process, resulting in reduced investment costs in dies and die setup by IDR 15 million and 2.16 million, respectively. Identifying a D/H ratio of 1.32 successfully eliminated tear defects and determining a D/P allowance of 0.87 mm on each side eradicated wrinkle defects in the product. This article contributes to Goal 9 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically focusing on the Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) sector.
Review on swirl-type microbubble generator: Concept, technology, and applications
Authors: Mawarni Drajat Indah , Ristiyanto Hartono Guntur , Deendarlianto Deendarlianto , Budhijanto Wiratni , Salem Mai , Niyas Hakeem , Indarto Indarto
Published: June 2024

The Microbubble Generator (MBG) is an aeration technology capable of producing micron-sized bubbles. Several researchers have conducted previous studies and developed various types related to the microbubble generator. The swirl-type microbubble generator has demonstrated advantages over other types. It has been widely explored recently due to its simple structure, efficiency in producing micron-sized bubbles, and potential applications across various fields. Therefore, this article reviews recent developments in swirl-type bubble generator research, encompassing the definition of microbubbles, methods for generating microbubbles through experimental and numerical approaches, the performance of microbubble generators, and their applications. Based on optimized geometric parameters combined with appropriate flow conditions, the swirl-type bubble generator is predicted to produce bubbles with controlled sizes and concentrations that meet specific requirements. However, further studies are needed to delineate the fluid-gas interactions comprehensively.
The role of bio-based cutting fluids for sustainable manufacturing and machining processes: A holistic review
Authors: Katam Arun Kumar , Mohanty Ramesh Chandra , Kolakoti Aditya
Published: June 2024

Metal cutting fluids (MCFs) play a significant role in cooling and lubricating the cutting zones during various machining operations. The commercially available MCFs like mineral and petroleum oils cater to approximately 75% of the market needs. However, these MCFs harm the worker's health and environment. Therefore, sustainable and eco-friendly MCFs are gaining widespread acceptance in industries. This study critically analyses the recent improvements in metal cutting fluids in drilling, milling, and turning operations with the prospect of accomplishing green and sustainable manufacturing. Furthermore, this study highlights the role of bio-based cutting fluids in the manufacturing industry and the effect of non-bio-based coolants on the environment, and human health hazards are highlighted. In addition, this study analyses minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) techniques applied in various metal-removing operations. Finally, this review article recommends that bio-based cutting fluids combined with MQL techniques can achieve the sustainability goals of the manufacturing industry.
The role of mechanical engineering in the era of industry 4.0 and society 5.0
Authors: Setiyo Muji , Rochman Muhammad Latifur
Published: June 2024

The article delves into the contrasting impacts and roles of Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 in technological and societal advancement. While Industry 4.0 promises enhanced efficiency and income but raises concerns about automation-driven inequality, mechanical engineering has evolved from traditional to digital realms. Society 5.0, emerging as a response to societal issues, envisions a human-centric society bridging physical and virtual worlds, emphasizing technology for inclusive and sustainable progress. This transformative shift amalgamates human intellect and technology, advocating preparedness and lifelong learning amidst the ongoing industrial revolution. Mechanical engineering's pivotal role spans both paradigms, optimizing Industry 4.0's manufacturing systems and spearheading sustainable solutions and user-centric technologies in Society 5.0, emphasizing a holistic approach to societal and industrial challenges.
Оцінка функціональних можливостей дитини з церебральним паралічем
Authors: Nazar O. V. , Hdyrya O. V. , Moiseenko R. O.
Published: June 2024

Дитячий церебральний параліч (ДЦП) є найпоширенішою причиною інвалідності в ранньому дитинстві. Для оцінки функціональних можливостей дитини, а саме структури та функції, діяльності та участі, оцінки факторів навколишнього середовища, залучаються фахівці мультидисциплінарної команди, які при первинному обстеженні пацієнта використовують стандартизовані інструменти оцінки. Це дозволяє об’єктивізувати ступінь обмеження життєдіяльності дитини та більш правильно визначити кваліфікатор по кожній категорії Міжнародної класифікації функціонування, обмеження життєдіяльності та здоров’я (МКФ - ДП), формувати подальші цілі реабілітації та втручання. Протягом останніх років проведено багато досліджень щодо розробки та впровадження нових стандартизованих шкал та їх впровадження в практичну медицину, проведена їх культурна та лінгвістична валідизація українською мовою. Тому метою нашого дослідження є проведення аналізу наявних стандартизованих шкал за останні 10 років, які можуть бути рекомендовані для оцінки функціональних можливостей дитини з ЦП в Україні. У результаті проведеного дослідження виявилося, що існує багато різних інструментів оцінювання, які охоплюють майже всі виміри МКФ. До основних шкал, які використовують при роботі з дитиною, хворою на церебральний параліч, відносять: гоніометрію, оцінку спастичності за шкалою Тардьє та Ашворта, систему класифікації великих моторних функцій (GMFCS), систему класифікації функції руки (MACS), шкалу оцінки бімануальної функції рук (BFMF), систему класифікацій зорових функцій (VFCS), систему класифікації порушень комунікаційних функцій (CFCS), систему класифікації здатності споживати їжу та рідину (EDACS), опитувальник оцінки дитячої інвалідності (PEDI). Правильний вибір інструменту оцінювання дозволяє побачити дитину з усіма її здібностями та проблемами і, в той же час, як цілісну особистість, розробити індивідуальну програму реабілітації, враховуючи фактори навколишнього середовища, в якому зростає дитина. Важливим є використання різних інструментів оцінювання, які будуть доповнювати один одного залежно від цілей реабілітації та можливостей пацієнта.
Beyond The Books: Role of Extracurricular Activities In Medical Students
Authors: Aryal Madhu Sudan
Published: June 2024

Extracurricular activities (ECAs) in the field of medicine can be research related and non-research related activities that allows students to develop skills to be a good doctor in the future. Building a curriculum vitae, becoming a team player, managing stress, building good communication skills and good academics highlights the value of extracurricular activities. Challenges like time constraints, and resource limitation hinders the participation which needs to be addressed to encourage the medical students to take part in extracurricular activities.
Indirect Carotid Cavernous Fistula with Ocular Manifestations: A Case Report
Authors: Shrestha Pooja , Shrestha Angira , Khoju Tina , Makaju Richa , Keshari Rajani , Gupta Rahul , Shrestha Nigi
Published: June 2024

Carotid-cavernous fistulas are rare entity with incidence of less than 1%, refers to abnormal connections between the carotid artery and cavernous sinus. Indirect types usually occur in elderly female patients and can resolve spontaneously with conservative management like external manual compression of the carotid artery. We report a case of 65-year-old female who presented withcomplaints of redness, proptosis, chemosis, headache and ophthalmoplegia in her right eye. Digital subtraction angiography revealed Barrow type B indirect carotid-cavernous fistulas. External manual carotid compression was done after which her symptoms improved significantly. Thus, indirect type carotid-cavernous fistulas can occur spontaneously and could be a sight threatening condition especially in elderly females but can resolve with conservative management.
Characteristics of Spinal Cord Injury Presenting to Tertiary Care Center in Gandaki province of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Baral Yadu Nath , Yadav Rajesh Kumar , Baral Sushila , Paudel Srijana , Yadav Yoveen , Gurung Subash , Ghimire Kathit Raj , Pokharel Jhapindra , Gurung Ashim
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Spinal cord injury is one of the common injury which causes damage to the spinal cord due to trauma, diseases or degenerations leading to disability and decreasing life expectancy. The study aims to find the characteristics of spinal cord injury presenting at a tertiary care centre. Methods: A Descriptive hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted at Pokhara, Gandaki Province, from 28th March to 25th September, 2023. 139 participants were interviewed for the study. Structured interview schedule and validated questionnaires were used for data collection. Ethical approval was taken for the study (Reference number: 151/079).Results: A total of 139 cases were observed; most common affected age group was between 25-55 years with a mean age of 48.68 years. Most (66.9%) of the spinal cord injury patients were not enrolled in health insurance program. Most 107 (77.0%) common cause for spinal cord injury was falls from height. Age, gender, occupation and duration of stay in the hospital were statistically significant with mode of treatment.Conclusions: Spinal cord injury mostly traumatic commonly due to fall from height affecting mainly male population residing in rural areas at their fourth decade of life who are mainly involve in manual work and agriculture. Spinal cord injury is a major health problem at global and local level causing major morbidity.
The Effect of Active Aging on Depression and Cognition in Old Age
Authors:   Korean Society of Educational Gerontology, Lee Sun-Hee , Han Jungran , Batselenge Enkhtuva
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze how active aging affects depression and cognition in old age. For this purpose, the raw data from the 『2020 Survey on the Status of the Elderly』 were reanalyzed using descriptive statistics, t-Test, Pearson correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The main results were as follows : 1) The average depression score of the subjects was 3.37, the average cognition score was 24.32, and the average active aging score was 2.01. 2) The participating group in social activities had lower depression and higher cognitive function than the non-participating group. 3) As a result of hierarchical multiple regression analysis of depression, in Model 1, gender, education, health status, household income, and marital status were significant factors affecting depression, and the explanatory power of the model was 19.4%. In Model 2, gender, education, health status, household income, marital status, and active aging were significant factors of depression in old age, and the explanatory power of Model 2 was 19.8%, 0.4% more than Model 1. 4) In the hierarchical multiple regression analysis of cognition, age, education, health status, household income, and household type were significant factors affecting cognition in Model 1, and the explanatory power of the model was 17.4%. In Model 2, age, education, health status, household income, household type, and active aging were significant factors, and the explanatory power was 18.9%, 1.5% higher than Model 1. Based on the above results, several suggestions were added for elderly welfare policies and practices.
Main directions of improving professional thinking of psychology students
Authors:   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Anufriev A.F. , Kuliev N.S. ,   Educational Institution of Moscow “School in Nekrasovka”, Popravko D.A. ,   All-Russian State University of Justice, Chmel V.I. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of directions for improving professional thinking in psychology students. Based on the analysis of modern domestic and foreign literature on the problem of professional thinking, three main directions of its improvement are identified – the development of critical thinking, taking into account the cognitive-style organization of thinking, and the development of diagnostic thinking. The first direction reveals the specifics and functions of critical thinking, approaches to its understanding, the relationship of critical thinking with metacognition as knowledge of one’s cognitive activity, and outlines ways to form critical thinking. When describing the second direction, the author defines the cognitive style of thinking, notes its relationship with metacognitive abilities, provides data from psychological research in the field of education and professional activity, and draws attention to the fact that cognitive styles determine the success of various types of professional activity. In the third direction of improving professional thinking, the author shows the specifics of diagnostic thinking as a special type of cognitive and practical activity, presents data from empirical studies, and describes a new automated computer system designed to form the diagnostic skills of a psychologist in solving cause-and-effect diagnostic problems. It is noted that the development of diagnostic thinking using an automated system is possible by solving training cases created based on real cases from the diagnostic consulting practice of a psychologist. It is shown that this technology can be used not only for the formation of diagnostic thinking, but also for critical thinking.