bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Loss of NF1 Accelerates Uveal and Intradermal Melanoma Tumorigenesis, and Oncogenic GNAQ Transforms Schwann Cells
Authors: Longakit Anne Nathalie , Urtatiz Oscar , Luty Amy , Zhang Christina , Hess Chloe , Yoo Alyssa , Bourget Hannah , Van Raamsdonk Catherine D.
Published: January 2025

NF1 encodes the multifunctional tumor suppressor protein, neurofibromin, which is best known for its causative role in neurofibromatosis type 1 and in regulating MAPK signaling. Neurofibromin, in a context-specific manner, is involved in various tumorigenic processes, including those in melanocytes. This study investigated whether NF1 loss can collaborate with oncogenic GNAQ to promote melanoma in the dermis or eyes, in which the Gαq pathway is almost always activated. We found that heterozygous 17q11.2 loss that includes the NF1 locus is a recurrent phenomenon in human intradermal and uveal melanomas described in the literature. We studied the effects of Nf1 haploinsufficiency in mice expressing oncogenic GNAQQ209L in melanocytes and Schwann cells of peripheral nerves using the Plp1-creERT transgene with tamoxifen at 5 weeks of age. Nf1 haploinsufficiency accelerated melanoma formation and/or growth. RNA sequencing analysis found significant pathways related to cAMP signaling and myogenesis. In addition, 20% of the differentially expressed genes were homologous to genes for which expression correlates with prognosis in human uveal melanoma. Unexpectedly, we found that GNAQQ209L alone was sufficient to drive cutaneous nerve sheath tumors, with one GNAQQ209L-expressing Nf1 haploinsufficient mouse also developing a plexiform variant. These tumors strongly resembled neurofibromas. We searched the cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics database and found plexiform neurofibromas with the GNAQT96S hotspot mutation. The Plp1-creERT; GNAQQ209L model with tamoxifen at 5 weeks may be useful as a preclinical model for neurofibroma. Our studies emphasize the importance of GNAQ and NF1 in regulating neural crest–derived cells existing in a dermal-like environment.

Significance:

These results indicate that NF1 loss in intradermal and uveal melanomas is a potentially significant finding. They emphasize the importance of neurofibromin in cAMP signaling. They show for the first time that oncogenic GNAQ can transform Schwann cells in mice. The Plp1-creERT transgene with tamoxifen given at 5 weeks may be a particularly good strategy for modeling cutaneous neurofibroma and plexiform neurofibroma.
Current Practices of Subspecialty Nail Clinics: Results of a Survey of the Members of the Council for Nail Disorders
Authors: Soliman Safinaz , Rich Phoebe , Hinshaw Molly A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Knowledge of the structure and function of existing nail clinics remains limited. Sharing this knowledge from nail experts who run these clinics can readily support newly trained nail clinicians in setting up their nail clinics.
Methods: We surveyed members of the Council for Nail Disorders (CND) to learn about the structure and practices of their nail clinics. Of the practicing CND members in any membership class, we analyzed responses from those with nail clinics.
Results: Of the 79 practicing CND members, 38 responded (48.1% response rate), of whom 25 (65.8%) had a nail clinic. Analysis of these 25 responses revealed that 52% of nail clinics were relatively new (operating < 5 years). The majority (72%) were in academic settings. Medical trainees were being taught in 64% of clinics. Nail clinics were directed by either one (64%) or multiple clinicians. All experts reported using clinical photographs in their routine care for nail patients, and 96% used dermoscopy. Additionally, 96% performed punch and tangential shave biopsies, and 88% performed matrixectomy. Access to a pathologist(s) with nail expertise was in 84% of clinics.
Conclusion: Our findings characterize the current practices of nail clinics directed by CND members, serving as a guide for clinicians looking to establish their own.
Abnormal Exercise Electrocardiography With Normal Stress Echocardiography Is Associated With Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis
Authors: Duran Jessica M. , Shrader Peter , Hong Chuan , Haddad Francois , Santana Everton J. , Cauwenberghs Nicholas , Kouznetsova Tatiana , Salerno Michael , Bloomfield Gerald , Koweek Lynne , Hernandez Adrian , Mahaffey Kenneth W. , Shah Svati H. , Douglas Pamela S. , Daubert Melissa A. ,   on behalf of the Project Baseline Health Study Group
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:

Patients with abnormal (positive) exercise electrocardiography, but normal stress echocardiography (+ECG/−Echo), have an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events compared with patients with a normal (negative) ECG and a normal stress Echo (−ECG/−Echo). However, it is unclear if +ECG/−Echo discordance is associated with a greater burden of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.

METHODS:

Project Baseline Health Study participants who underwent a stress Echo and coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan were stratified by stress Echo result: −ECG/−Echo or +ECG/−Echo. Multivariable regression investigated the association between stress Echo results and CAC burden. Event-free survival from a composite of adverse cardiovascular events was compared between groups.

RESULTS:

Among 1630 asymptomatic participants in this observational cohort study, 1503 (92.2%) had a −ECG/−Echo, 105 (6.4%) had a +ECG/−Echo, and 22 (1.3%) had a +Echo. The +ECG/−Echo group had a significantly greater burden of coronary atherosclerosis than the −ECG/−Echo group (mean CAC score, 198±470 versus 53±186;
P
<0.001; CAC
log
, 2.2±2.7 versus 1.2±2.0;
P
<0.001). The −ECG/−Echo group was more likely to have CAC=0 compared with the +ECG/−Echo group (65.9% versus 53.3%;
P
=0.01), whereas the +ECG/−Echo group more commonly had CAC ≥100 (28.6% versus 11.4%;
P
<0.001). After adjustment, CAC
log
scores were 52% higher in the +ECG/−Echo group than in the −ECG/−Echo group (
P
=0.002). Compared with the −ECG/−Echo group, the +ECG/−Echo group was 4.5× more likely to have a CAC score ≥400 (adjusted odds ratio, 4.54 [95% CI, 1.95–10.05];
P
<0.001). After a median follow-up of 4.3 years, a trend toward increased adverse cardiovascular events was observed among participants with +ECG/−Echo.

CONCLUSIONS:

Individuals with a +ECG/−Echo have a higher burden of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis than those with a −ECG/−Echo, which may explain, at least in part, the increased risk for adverse cardiac events in this population. Further study is needed to determine the optimal strategy for mitigating cardiovascular risk in these patients.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03154346.
Predicting Mortality in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction: From the National Cardiovascular Data Registry
Authors: Faridi Kamil F. , Wang Yongfei , Minges Karl E. , Smilowitz Nathaniel R. , McNamara Robert L. , Kontos Michael C. , Wang Tracy Y. , Connors Annie C. , Clary Julie M. , Osborne Anwar D. , Pereira Lucy , Curtis Jeptha P. , Blankinship Kristina , Mayfield Jarrott , Abbott J. Dawn
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:

In-hospital mortality risk prediction is an important tool for benchmarking quality and patient prognostication. Given changes in patient characteristics and treatments over time, a contemporary risk model for patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) is needed.

METHODS:

Data from 313 825 acute MI hospitalizations between January 2019 and December 2020 for adults aged ≥18 years at 784 sites in the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Chest Pain-MI Registry were used to develop a risk-standardized model to predict in-hospital mortality. The sample was randomly divided into 70% development (n=220 014) and 30% validation (n=93 811) samples, and 23 separate registry-based patient characteristics at presentation were considered for model inclusion using stepwise logistic regression with 1000 bootstrapped samples. A simplified risk score was also developed for individual risk stratification.

RESULTS:

The mean age of the study cohort was 65.3 (SD 13.1) years, and 33.6% were women. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 5.0% (n=15 822 deaths). The final model included 14 variables, with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, cardiogenic shock, and ST-segment elevation MI as the strongest independent predictors of mortality. The model also included age, comorbidities (dyslipidemia, diabetes, prior percutaneous coronary intervention, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral artery disease), heart failure on admission, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate, and hemoglobin. The model demonstrated excellent discrimination (C-statistic, 0.868 [95% CI 0.865–0.871]) and good calibration, with similar performance across subgroups based on MI type, periods before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and hospital volume. The simplified risk score included values from 0 to 25, with mortality risk ranging from 0.3% with a score of 0 to 1 up to 49.4% with a score >11.

CONCLUSIONS:

This contemporary risk model accurately predicts in-hospital mortality for patients with acute MI and can be used for risk standardization across hospitals and at the bedside for patient prognostication.
The Building New Rural Program in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: Outcomes and People's Expectations
Authors: Thu Huynh Ngoc , Ha Le Thi My
Published: January 2025

Background and objective: The Building New Rural Program in Ho Chi Minh City aims to enhance rural infrastructure, improve socio-economic conditions, and protect the environment. The program seeks to meet residents' expectations for sustainable development, addressing the challenges of rapid urbanization and economic transition.Methods: The study utilized a combination of primary and secondary data analysis. Primary data were gathered through participant observation in 56 communes, in-depth interviews with 30 residents and local officials, and a structured questionnaire survey of 1,017 households.Results: The study highlights significant achievements of the program, including notable advancements in economic growth, infrastructure development, and social sectors such as education, healthcare, and environmental protection. These efforts have improved living standards, reduced social instability, and partially fulfilled people's aspirations for sustainable rural development.Conclusion: The Building New Rural Program has brought substantial socio-economic improvements to rural areas in Ho Chi Minh City. However, to ensure more sustainable progress, it is essential to prioritize support for disadvantaged areas, enhance public service quality, and reinforce environmental protection policy enforcement.
An Analysis on Research Trends in Rural Spaces using Text Mining
Authors: Kim Sang Yong , Park Yumin , Shin Yong-Wook
Published: January 2025

Background and objective: As the significance and function of rural areas change, the value of rural space has become increasingly recognized in modern society. Consequently, while the concept of rural space has developed over time and led to modifications in relevant policies, there are insufficient studies that focus on these changes based on a broad definition of rural space. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze trends in rural space research over time by applying text mining to academic papers on the topic of domestic rural space.Methods: First, for data collection, the search keyword was set as 'rural space' in the Korea Citation Index (KCI), and 1,581 academic papers from 2003 to 2024 were collected. After removing inappropriate ones, a total of 473 articles were selected. The analysis was conducted by dividing the data into five periods. Following that, preprocessing and word frequency, TF-IDF, and LDA topic modeling analysis were performed through Textom, a big data analytics platform.Results: The analysis revealed several key trends over the five periods. First, the volume of research on rural space has increased over time, indicating a growing interest in this field. Second, shifts in the paradigm of rural space research were observed through changes in keywords, reflecting evolving research priorities. Third, it was discovered that rural space research is gradually developing into a comprehensive approach and expanding into empirical research. This expansion is characterized by three themes extracted from each period: 'village-level development,' 'landscape and environment,' and 'service development and value creation'.Conclusion: The findings showed an increasing focus on preserving 'ruralness', which is a unique feature of rural space, as attention shifts toward landscape preservation, ecology, and the environment. This trend aligns with the expectations and values for rural space, as well as social demands that value sustainable development, indicating the potential for further research expansion and revitalization.
The Livelihood Activities of the Ruc People in Vietnam have Shifted from Traditional Ecological Adaptation to Facing Challenges Caused by Environmental Changes
Authors: Long Tran Tan Dang
Published: January 2025

Background and objective: This article examines the transformation of the livelihoods of the Ruc people, a minority ethnic group in Vietnam, as they shift from traditional agriculture—adapted to their natural environment—to new livelihood activities while confronting environmental challenges. The study aims to understand how natural and social environmental changes impact the livelihoods of the Ruc people and to explore their adaptation strategies.Methods: The research employs participant observation and in-depth interviews within the community to gather detailed data. The theoretical framework of political ecology in new ecological anthropology is applied to analyze the intricate relationships between humans and their environment, along with the influence of economic, cultural, and political factors on the Ruc people's livelihoods.Results: The results indicate that state policies have led to fundamental changes in the livelihoods of the Ruc people, contributing to the stabilization and development of their way of life. However, the community also faces challenges due to fluctuations in the natural and social environment. Forest protection regulations and climate change have significantly impacted the traditional farming and livestock practices of the Ruc people. These factors have decreased agricultural productivity, land scarcity, and conflicts over land use. The Ruc community faces major challenges in maintaining their traditional livelihoods under increasing pressure from environmental changes.Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of developing supportive policies to assist the Ruc people in effectively transitioning their livelihoods. Specific interventions are needed to support sustainable livelihoods while preserving Ruc's ecological knowledge and cultural identity. The findings and recommendations from this research are valuable for designing sustainable development programs for minority communities in Vietnam, especially in the context of increasing climate change and environmental challenges.
Psychological and Physiological Effects of Creating a Seasonal Roadside Flowerscape on Police Officials
Authors: Jang Hye Sook , Kang Yun-Im , Suh Jung Nam , Seo Kyung Hye , Ahn Myung Suk , Jung Hyun Hwan , Oh Sang Im , Ryu Doo Young
Published: January 2025

Background and objective: This study was conducted to find out the psychological and physiological effects of creating a seasonal roadside flowerscape on police officials.Methods: Police officials created and managed a spring flowerscape in the outer space of their workplace, through which the effects on stability, relaxation, and attention could be examined through brainwave changes. EEG measurements and surveys were conducted twice before and after the experiment on a total of 18 men and women with an average age of 37.1 ± 9.0.Results: As a result of investigating the changes in the EEG and ECG of police officials, it was found that not only stability, relaxation (RSMT: Ratio of (SMR-mid beta) to theta), and attention (RMT:Ratio of mid beta to theta, RMB: Relative mid beta power spectrum), but also brain activity (SEF 50%:Spectral edge frequency 50%) increased after creating a roadside flowerscape compared to before (p < .05). As a result of examining the difference between positive and negative affect of police officials before and after creating the roadside flowerscape, it was found that positive affect tended to increase after creating the flowerscape, while negative affect tended to decrease, indicating the positive effect of the flowerscape. Police officials’ preference for flower landscapes increased after creating the flowerscape (p < .05). As for the correlations between key variables and loyalty to the seasonal roadside flowerscape, loyalty, positive affect, and flowerscape preference of police officials showed positive correlations, while negative correlations were found with negative affect, showing statistical significance. The results of this study indicate that creating a seasonal roadside flowerscape inside and outside the workplace of police officials increases stability, relaxation, and attention of police officials while decreasing tension and stress.Conclusion: Therefore, the positive effects of creating a natural landscape using plants for police officials suffering from severe occupational trauma could improve their quality of life and relieve stress
Non-destructive Detection of Growth and Quality in Basil Seedlings Grown in a Plant Factory
Authors: Ha Yoomin , Jeong Jaeho , Kwack Yurina
Published: January 2025

Background and objective: Basil is one of the high-value crops cultivated in plant factories. The production of uniform and healthy seedlings has a direct impact on the yield and quality of the final harvest. The objectives of this study were; (1) to ascertain whether non-destructive detecting parameters [projected canopy area (PCA) and vegetation indices (VIs)] could predict changes in growth and quality of basil seedlings, and (2) to determine the feasibility of grading basil seedlings based on PCA to establish a baseline for stable yields after transplanting.Methods: Basil seedlings were grown in 2- and 3-day irrigation cycles for 25 days after sowing, and the growth parameters and image analysis parameters using a multispectral camera were examined at regular intervals. The correlations between growth parameters and PCA/VIs were investigated to detect growth and quality of basil seedlings. At the time of transplanting, the basil seedlings were classified into grades A-D based on their PCA values, and the growth and yield after transplanting of basil seedlings in each grade were evaluated.Results: The basil seedlings in the 3-day irrigation treatment showed higher growth, and the correlation between the PCA values and the leaf area and fresh weight resulted in a coefficient of determination greater than 0.93. Among the VIs, the VARI, GI, and NGRDI were correlated with the growth and quality with coefficients of determination greater than 0.6. And, the growth and yield after transplanting were dependent on the seedling grade based on PCA values at the time of transplanting.Conclusion: This study confirmed that it is possible to predict the growth and quality of basil seedlings using non-destructive image analysis, and that the grading criteria for basil seedlings that can be expected to produce stable yields after transplanting can be determined using image analysis.
Effect of Horticultural Therapy on Frontal Lobe Cognitive Function in Older Adults with Dementia
Authors: Kim Junghwa , Yun Sukyoung
Published: January 2025

Background and objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of a horticultural therapy program on frontal lobe function, which is a component of cognitive function, in the elderly users of an adult day-care center.Methods: Horticultural therapy programs were carried out once a week for a total of 8 sessions from March 8 to April 26, 2023. A total of 27 older adults with dementia were targeted, with 10 in the control and 17 subjects in the experimental group.Results: When homogeneity was tested between the control and experimental groups before the horticultural therapy program, there were no statistically significant differences in all items, including Go/No-Go (p = .393), Digit Span (p = .690), Word Fluency (p = .157) and Concentration/Distractibility (p = .169), indicating that the groups were homogeneous. The control group showed no significant differences in Go/No-Go (p = .132), Digit Span (p = .257), Word Fluency (p = .062) and Concentration/Distractibility (p = .180). However, the experimental group showed statistically significant differences in Go/No-Go (p = .001), Digit Span (p = .001), Word Fluency (p = .038) and Concentration/Distractibility (p = .007).Conclusion: Therefore, the experimental group had lower evaluation scores than the control, indicating that the horticultural therapy program had an effect on cognitive function in the frontal lobe. The process of analyzing cognitive function of dementia patients can be said to be an important process to predict potential intervention techniques. It is hoped that horticultural therapy for the older adults with dementia will be effective in improving cognitive function and that these programs will be actively used to recognize the older adults with dementia.
Effects of the Customized Plant Education in the Rooftop Garden of Public Rental Housing for Enhancing Sustainable Living of the Elderlies
Authors: Lee Yeunsook , Park Jaehyun , Lee Dayoung , Jang Miseon
Published: January 2025

Background and objective: This study explores the effects of customized plant education on the sustainable living capacity of elderly residents in public rental housing. The housing in this study is the planned elderly residence with a community rooftop garden as the main community place, and the education program was developed based on the garden.Methods: Ten residents participated in the education, and the effects were measured through pre- and post-interviews. The site and elder residents’ specific 2 hours education program was developed and conducted once a week for a month.Results: The recognition of plants improved, which led to an increase in interest in plants and garden. Moreover, the education enhanced social exchanges among residents and promoted the willingness to participation in garden activities.Conclusion: These results suggested that the plant education can enhance residents' attachment to the garden, as well as their cognitive, emotional, and social capacities, thereby enabling them to live in the community housing longer.
Validation of Icelus crassus Andriashev (Cottiformes: Cottidae), described from the Sea of Okhotsk
Authors: CHERNOVA NATALIA , KAI YOSHIAKI , ZORINA ANNA
Published: January 2025

The validity of the Stocky Sculpin Icelus crassus Andriashev, described from the Sea of Okhotsk, was confirmed following examination of the type series; the species having been previously considered a synonym of I. ochotensis Schmidt. Although both species belong to the “I. bicornis” (sensu Nelson 1984) species group, having suborbital spines and additional rows of scales on the body absent (excluding dorsal-row and lateral-line scales), and fine marginal serrations on the dorsal-row scales rather than sharp single spines, I. crassus differs from the type series of I. ochotensis in the absence of parietal spines (vs. present), supraorbital cirri present as expanding, distally branched laminae (vs. simple barbels), dorsal scale row incomplete anteriorly (vs. complete, reaching head); and lateral-line scales serrated below each sensory canal pore (vs. embedded in skin below each pore, usually with no more than 1–2 spinules). Meristic characters of I. crassus, similar to other species of the “I. bicornis” group, include 38–41 vertebrae, IX 18–20 dorsal-fin rays, 15 or 16 anal-fin rays, 17–19 pectoral-fin rays, 41–43 lateral-line scales, 25–31 dorsal-line scales, and 10–17 axillary scales. The urogenital papilla is cylindrical (not spatulate), with a short, claw-like terminal appendage. The holotype is found in ZIN collection, No. 21900, adult male TL 106 mm. Icelus crassus has been recorded in the Sea of Okhotsk and Sea of Japan (Strait of Tartary) 97–327 m depth; near bottom, water temperatures range from -0.7°C to 2.15°C.
Deep-sea anemones (Cnidaria, Actiniaria) from off the northeastern coast of Brazil: new records and description of Stephanauge prima sp. nov.
Authors: TARGINO ALESSANDRA K. G. , MELO YAGO A. DE , GOMES PAULA B.
Published: January 2025

Deep-sea anemones (order Actiniaria) are a diverse group of cnidarians found in basically all marine habitats, from soft sediments to hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. From the waters of Brazil, in the Southern Atlantic Ocean, the deep actinian fauna has been described to encompass 14 sea anemones species, belonging to three families: Hormathiidae, Amphianthidae and Actinoscyphiidae. Here we analyze material trawled from the Potiguar Basin, off the northeast coast of Brazil. We provide new occurrence records for Chondrophellia coronata (Verrill, 1883), Actinoscyphia saginata (Verrill, 1882), Amphianthus bathybium Hertwig, 1882, and Amphianthus michaelsarsi Carlgren, 1934. We also describe a new Amphianthidae species, Stephanauge prima sp. nov. This increases the total number of deep actinians found in Brazil to 17 and provides context for discussing the representativeness of these families and the potential richness of Actiniaria in deep Brazilian waters.
A review of error analysis and calibration techniques for spherical coordinate 3D laser scanners: Focus on non-instrumental and non-geometric factors
Authors: Sun Anbin , Wang Ling , Qian Wenxu , Wang Jihu , Xu Suan , Wang Binrui
Published: January 2025

Both Terrestrial Laser Scanners (TLSs) and Metrological Laser Radars (MLRs) are typical Spherical Coordinate Laser Scanners (SCLSs), which are used for various fields requiring surface 3D scanning. TLSs are popular in historical preservation and archiving, reverse engineering, surveying geographic modeling, and digital cities, etc. MLRs, on the other hand, are primarily applied in large-scale precision measurements in industrial manufacturing due to their high accuracy in scanned 3D points. The 3D point precision of both TLSs and MLRs is affected significantly by geometric errors inside instruments. While the geometric errors of SCLSs have been reviewed in some studies, a systematic review of external non-instrumental errors and internal non-geometric errors for TLSs and MLRs is still lacking. These error sources also affect the measurement accuracy of SCLSs. This paper aims to review the quantitative and qualitative analysis of external non-instrumental errors and internal non-geometric errors in TLSs and MLRs. The external non-instrumental errors are further classified into surface properties, scanning geometry, and working environment in this review. For internal non-geometric errors, current research primarily focuses on laser signal processing but lacks studies on error mechanisms and their impact on accuracy. Most existing studies address Time-of-Flight (ToF)-based TLSs, with limited attention given to MLRs. While external factors such as scan depth and surface reflectance are well-studied, environmental factors like temperature remain underexplored. Additionally, there is insufficient research on error compensation models for external factors. Future research on MLRs may focus on several aspects. These include analyzing external non-instrument error factors qualitatively and quantitatively, developing error compensation models, studying the impact of the working environment, and evaluating uncertainty using large-scale standard objects. This review may be beneficial for understanding the research development about the non-instrumental and non-geometric errors of SCLSs.
The (Non)Recognition of the Herero and Nama Genocide: Transnational Struggles for Restorative Justice and Reparations
Authors: Imani Sarah , Pape Elise
Published: January 2025

This article examines the evolution of the struggle of activists and human rights advocates worldwide for Germany's recognition and reparation of the Herero and Nama genocide. It analyses transgenerational grassroots engagement from the 1920s until today and sheds light on the complementary approaches developed by various actors engaged in the struggle. These actors are based in the Global North and South: descendants of survivors of the genocide living in Namibia and the diaspora, activists in German civil society, many from former colonies, United Nations committees and special rapporteurs, lawyers, scholars, and artists. This article analyses the legal and non-legal collective actions they developed. Third World Approaches to International Law have played a role in these actions and have shed light on the colonial and racist structures of international law. Finally, this text shows the relevance of the depicted campaign for contemporary understandings of human rights. The article reflects on ways to challenge ongoing European refusals to take full responsibility for crimes committed in colonial contexts.
Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in pregnancy
Authors: Nair Anju K. , Ravula Pallavi Chandra , Boorugu Hari Kishan , Misra Krushna Chandra
Published: January 2025

Dengue infection is emerging as one of the most common tropical diseases globally. It manifests in varying severity from asymptomatic to the most severe forms of the disease, characterized by coagulopathy, increased vascular fragility, and permeability (dengue haemorrhagic fever) that may progress to hypovolaemic shock (dengue shock syndrome). For atypical manifestations, a new terminology known as expanded dengue syndrome (EDS) was introduced. Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), is considered a spectrum of EDS, which is a rare, potentially fatal hyperinflammatory condition. A case of a pregnant woman with dengue fever diagnosed as secondary HLH is reported here. It was successfully managed with intravenous dexamethasone and supportive care. A high index of suspicion is paramount in diagnosing HLH when a patient deteriorates even after giving appropriate care for dengue infection. Early recognition and prompt treatment with immuno-suppressive therapy can bring a successful response.
Aerolíneas Argentinas Cabin Crew: Experiences and Meanings of Work in the Pandemic
Authors: Miguel Agustina , Cufré Sara
Published: January 2025

This article analyzes the experience and construction of meaning by the all-women cabin crews of Aerolíneas Argentinas working through the pandemic during the suspension of commercial operations in 2020. Our study is centered around three themes: the (re)organization of schedules, job uncertainty, and changes in duties. These transformations in the work process generated an increase in the physical and mental workload, including emotional labor, both paid and unpaid. We offer a contribution to the theoretical discussion of the relationship between working and living conditions as a totality, framed through the lenses of critical research on occupational health and feminist theory.

En este artículo analizamos la experiencia y la construcción de sentidos en torno al trabajo en pandemia de las tripulaciones de Aerolíneas Argentinas durante el período de suspensión de operaciones comerciales en el año 2020. Nos enfocamos en el estudio de tres dimensiones: la (re)organización de los tiempos, la incertidumbre laboral y el cambio de tareas. Sostenemos que esas transformaciones en el proceso de trabajo generaron un aumento de la carga laboral, tanto física como mental, incluyendo el trabajo emocional, remunerado y no remunerado. Con ello, buscamos aportar a la discusión teórica acerca de la relación entre las condiciones de trabajo y de vida como una totalidad planteada por los estudios críticos de salud laboral y de las teorías feministas.
An Inquiry-Based Learning Activity to Address Mental Illness Stigma
Authors: Owenz Meghan B. , Tewksbury Megan M. , Aydemir-Döke Deniz
Published: January 2025

Background

Mental illness stigma includes inaccurate stereotypes and is associated with treatment reluctance. Undergraduate psychology courses represent an opportunity for stigma reduction efforts, and yet mental illness stigma may be only minimally affected by standard offerings.

Objective

We present preliminary evidence of a single-day inquiry-based learning (IBL) activity to address mental illness stigma.

Method

Undergraduate psychology students ( N = 79) completed a stigma scale on the first day of class, participated in an IBL lab, and then completed the scale a second time.

Results

The mean score of mental illness stigma at the start of the semester was significantly higher than the postintervention mean score, providing preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of the activity.

Teaching Implications

This single-session IBL activity can be implemented in introductory to clinical psychology courses.

Conclusion

The activity shows promise as an active-learning strategy to address mental illness stigma. Future research is needed to build on the efficacy of the approach.
The relationship between maternal conversational participation and unconventional language in autistic children: The moderating role of mother–child relative vocabulary diversity
Authors: Li Xiaoyan , Sun Ran , Peng Yonghan , Zhang Yumin
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to determine whether there is a correlation between maternal conversational participation and the unconventional language of autistic children, and whether the relative vocabulary diversity between mother and child would affect the relationship between them. Participants were 39 autistic Mandarin-speaking children, aged 3–6 years, and their mothers. The mother–child interactions were video-recorded; then, all interactions of the conversations were corpus coded and subsequently analysed. Mother’s mean length of turn (MLT) was used as a measure of maternal conversational participation. The ratio of mother to child word types (Typesm/c) measures the mother-child relative vocabulary diversity. The results indicated a significant negative correlation between maternal conversational participation and the unconventional language of autistic children, and mother–child relative vocabulary diversity moderated the relationship between maternal conversational participation and the unconventional language of autistic children. We provide two specific excerpts of play situations showing the interaction of mothers with similar MLT but different Typesm/c (Excerpt 1: High Typesm/c, Excerpt 2: Low Typesm/c). The results provide insights for further research into the relationship between maternal input and autistic children’s language development.
Practitioner psychologists as policy advocates, or policy as outside of our scope? Experiences and views of training in school and counseling psychology
Authors: Winter Laura Anne , Wood Maureen , Shriberg David
Published: January 2025

Building on an increasing emphasis on social justice, recent writing has focused on practitioner psychologists’ policy advocacy. Research indicates that school and counseling psychologists experience policy work as rewarding and challenging, and it has been suggested that initial training programs need to equip new practitioners with the skills required to engage in policy advocacy. We present an analysis of interviews with eighteen school and counseling psychologists across the US and UK who have experience with policy work, focusing on how they experienced their own graduate psychology training in relation to working with policy and their views of training in this area. We highlight four themes suggesting that participants rarely, if ever, received any formal input in policy work during training. Participants described applying some of the soft skills covered in their training to policy work but believed programs should be doing more to teach the ‘hard skills’ required. We conclude that if policy advocacy is a core part of psychologists’ roles, further guidance on how to accomplish this work is needed, as are changes to graduate curricula and pedagogy. We suggest strategies and activities that training programs can use to increase students’ policy advocacy skills.
Teacher acceptability of instructional supports in science for multilingual learners
Authors: Roschmann Sarina , Witmer Sara E. , Marinho Nathalie L.
Published: January 2025

Addressing language barriers during instruction is critical for improving content area learning and achievement within classrooms with students from different native language backgrounds. Although several instructional supports have been highlighted in the literature as helping to reduce language barriers, it is questionable whether teachers are likely to infuse them within their instruction. We applied a social validity framework in the administration of a teacher survey ( N = 376) and interview ( N = 9) to better understand United States (U.S.) elementary teachers’ perspectives on four instructional supports for English learners (ELs). Survey results indicated teachers tended to find all supports acceptable within a science instructional context but found visual supports more acceptable than incorporation of the students’ native language. Interview results shed light on the different goals and priorities teachers may have for ELs that may help to explain the varying acceptability of the four instructional supports addressed. Implications for school psychologists seeking to help improve outcomes for ELs through school-based consultation are provided.
The paradox of digital marketing: Sustainable framework for effective strategies and regulatory challenges
Authors: Ahmad Al Serhan Taimour Faisal , Zhang Shanshan
Published: January 2025

This research aims to explore the digital marketing paradox in the context of a sustainable framework. It investigates the relationship between usability, customer behavior, and the sustainable digital performance of effective strategies, as well as the regulated usability of e-commerce as a digital platform (including ethics, regulations, and practices). A qualitative research design was employed to develop a sustainable digital framework for these industries. This was followed by a quantitative descriptive analysis to provide triangulated results. This research collected and analyzed primary and secondary data from four case studies. The data were sourced from multiple industries, focusing on the perspectives of marketing professionals. Primary data were gathered through interviews with marketing professionals from various sectors, while secondary data were obtained through literature reviews and sustainability reports. The empirical findings identified two key types of sustainable digital-influencing themes: internally-focused and externally-focused digital marketing drivers integrated within digital platforms. These drivers demonstrate how they leverage improvements in sustainability digital performance, including digital platform approaches and governance structures. The findings highlight an innovative digital marketing paradox integrated into digital platform approaches, which contributes a novel empirical perspective to enhancing the industry's decision-making processes for creating successful sustainability-focused digital performance, encompassing ethics, regulations, and best practices. This research represents one of the few attempts to explore the integration of digital marketing into digital platforms for improved sustainability digital performance by addressing effective strategies and regulatory challenges. Thus, this study contributes to both the theoretical and practical knowledge of digital platforms, especially within emerging economies such as Jordan.
Experimental study on milling mechanism and surface quality of Mg2Si/Al composites
Authors: Lv Guangchao , Gao Qi , Wang Quanzhao
Published: January 2025

Mg2Si/Al composites are widely used in aerospace and automotive lightweight applications due to their excellent structural properties, such as superior specific stiffness, specific strength, and wear resistance. The removal mechanism of Mg2Si/Al composites is explored by establishing a finite element milling simulation model. A three-factor, four-level milling experiment based on the orthogonal experimental method is conducted to illustrate the patterns of the effects of milling parameters and surface defects on surface quality. Suitable milling parameters are successfully optimized by predictive modeling and experimental validation methods. The results show that the removal of Mg2Si/Al composites is mainly characterized by plastic deformation of the aluminum matrix and brittle fracture, crushing, bulging, and pulling out of Mg2Si particles.
Replacement of extended aortic arch aneurysm using partial sternotomy under beating heart and continuous cardiac perfusion
Authors: Clauss Judith , Vogel Christoph , Bucsky Bence S , Klotz Stefan
Published: January 2025

We report the case of a 72-year-old male patient who presented with a progressive aortic arch aneurysm. To reduce surgical trauma, we planned the procedure using an upper partial sternotomy with continuous cardiac perfusion and moderate hypothermia. Two vents were inserted to provide sufficient relief to the heart during perfusion. The heart was perfused continuously under flow and pressure control. To treat the aneurysm, a Vascutec™ Thoraflex Hybrid prosthesis was implanted. Despite the minimally invasive approach of partial sternotomy and beating heart combined with moderate hypothermia, the procedure was performed safely, quickly and without complications. The operation required precise pre-planning of the anatomy, outstanding surgical expertise and excellent interdisciplinary cooperation with the anaesthetist and clinical perfusionist.
Ventricular fibrillation likely resulting from electrocautery and amiodarone: a rare clinical case report
Authors: Guo Jianwei , Cheng Yan , Yi Minmin
Published: January 2025

Monopolar electrocautery is usually a safe and effective technique used in laparoscopic cholecystectomy and bile duct surgery, but it may lead to adverse consequences, even ventricular fibrillation (VF). Amiodarone is an effective antiarrhythmic drug commonly used in practice to treat ventricular and atrial arrhythmias, but it may induce tachyarrhythmia or even VF. We report a case of VF occurring twice during cholecystectomy. The first VF was caused by low-frequency leakage current of the monopolar electrocautery. The second VF was due to amiodarone causing further prolongation of the corrected QT interval. By performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation, the patient recovered and was eventually discharged in good condition. In cholecystectomy surgery, especially when separating adhesive tissue from liver, caution should be exercised when using a monopolar electrotome, which is recommended to stop bleeding in the bipolar mode. After cardiopulmonary resuscitation, caution should be exercised when using amiodarone to prevent arrhythmia, even if prolongation of the corrected QT interval does not reach the diagnostic indicators of 470 ms for men and 480 ms for women. In addition, defibrillators should be in standby mode during the perioperative period.
Coal ash induced ring formation for magnesian flux pellets production process and regulating control measures
Authors: Yuqin Chang , Tielei Tian , Zongheng Guo , Jiayi Yang , Yuzhu Zhang
Published: January 2025

The forming of rings was a bottleneck of magnesian flux pellets in a rotary kiln, which limited production efficiency. This paper analyses how the coal ash content affects bonding strength and melting behaviour by using magnesian flux pellet powder and coal ash. Also, the mineral phase, microstructure and liquid phase composition of pellet powders that have different coal ash content are analysed in a study. The results show that when the ash content is less than 0.5%, the ash has little influence on the ring-forming material, but when the ash content is more than 0.5%, the ash significantly strengthens the bonding process of the pellet powder. That is, the ash content should not exceed 0.5%. In addition, the consolidation mechanism of the magnesium fluxes spherical ring is mainly solid-phase consolidation. Anorthite and mullite are formed in magnesian flux pellet powders when coal ash is added, resulting in a change in mineral composition. It is worth noting that anorthite exhibits high reactivity with other mineral phases, leading to eutectic reactions. When more coal ash is added, the chemical composition of the mineral phase changes in the briquettes, and the liquid phase exhibits gradual increments in SiO2, MgO and Al2O3 content. According to the phase diagram of Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2-3wt%MgO-6wt%Al2O3, the position of the silicate mineral phase shifts towards the high SiO2 region, which has the lower temperature. The liquid phase ratio of the briquette increases in this region, ultimately resulting in the formation of rings in the rotary kiln.
Prediction model for hot rolling force in electrical steel involving phase transformation using SSA-LSTM network and mathematical model
Authors: Song Chunning , Cao Jianguo , Zhao Qiufang , Sun Shuangtao , Xia Wenhui , Sun Lei
Published: January 2025

To enhance the rolling force prediction accuracy of non-oriented electrical steel involving phase transformation, a high-precision RFPM (rolling force prediction model) that combines the RFOM (rolling force optimisation model) with the SSA-LSTM (sparrow search algorithm and long short-term memory) network was established. The RFOM was developed by optimising the important influencing parameters, including the deformation resistance model in the phase separation region and stress state coefficient model, of rolling force. The SSA-LSTM network was proposed, which utilises the SSA to optimise the hyperparameters of the double-layer LSTM network, it enables learning the complex spatial data correlation of the rolling force and improves its prediction accuracy. The superiority of the proposed high-precision RFPM was verified, which adopts multiple evaluation indicators, by comparing the RFOM, the BP, the LSTM, and the SSA-LSTM models. The results manifest that the high-precision RFPM has better prediction performance, which has reached 94.40%, and it has better rolling force calculation accuracy, which the error ratio of δ≤5%, δ≤8%, and δ≤10% is 80.35%, 93.21%, and 97.14%, respectively. In addition, the proposed high-precision RFPM prediction time can meet the requirements of online real-time rolling force prediction. The rolling force accuracy of wide strips, especially non-oriented electrical steel involving phase transformation, can be significantly improved by optimising the factors affecting the rolling force of phase transformation electrical steel. The industrial data test shows that the high-precision RFPM based on the theoretical model and data-driven model can meet the requirements of on-site accuracy and online real-time control during the actual production in the large 1450 mm 4-high hot strip mills.