bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A bibliometric study of the research field of experimental philosophy of language
Authors: Li Jincai , Zhu Xiaozhen
Published: September 2022

The past eighteen years witnessed the rapid development of experimental philosophy of language. Adopting a bibliometric approach, this study examines the research trends and status quo of this burgeoning field based on a corpus of 237 publications retrieved from PhilPapers. It is observed that experimental philosophy of language has undergone three stages, the initiation stage, the development stage, and the extension stage, across which there is a clear upward trend in the annual number of publications. Michael Devitt, Edouard Machery, John Turri, Nat Hansen, et al., are found to be the most productive philosophers, testifying their leading positions in this field. Journals, instead of books, are the major homes of works in this area. The analysis also yields a list of influential works, including the seminal work “Semantics, Cross-cultural Style” and other significant publications on the semantics of various types of expressions. Relatedly, the major research themes are found to include not only intuitions about the reference of proper names, but also a wide array of philosophically and linguistically interesting issues like the meaning of color adjectives, epistemic modals, and predicates of personal taste, the norms of assertions and the essence of lies, etc. These findings showcase that experimental philosophy of language has broadened the research territory and offered deep insights into central issues of philosophy of language that are beyond the reach of the conventional armchair methodology.
A Multifunctional 3D Bioprinting System for Construction of Complex Tissue Structure Scaffolds: Design and Application
Authors: Xu Yuanyuan , Wang Chengjin , Yang Yang , Liu Hui , Xiong Zhuo , Zhang Ting
Published: September 2022

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting offers a potentially powerful new approach to reverse engineering human pathophysiology to address the problem of developing more biomimetic experimental systems. Human tissues and organs are multiscale and multi-material structures. The greatest challenge for organ printing is the complexity of the structural elements, from the shape of the macroscopic structure to the details of the nanostructure. A highly bionic tissue-organ model requires the use of multiple printing processes. Some printers with multiple nozzles and multiple processes are currently reported. However, the bulk volume, which is inconvenient to move, and the high cost of these printing systems limits the expansion of their applications. Scientists urgently need a multifunctional miniaturized 3D bioprinter. In this study, a portable multifunctional 3D bioprinting system was built based on a modular design and a custom written operating application. Using this platform, constructs with detailed surface structures, hollow structures, and multiscale complex tissue analogs were successfully printed using commercial polymers and a series of hydrogel-based inks. With further development, this portable, modular, low-cost, and easy-to-use Bluetooth-enabled 3D printer promises exciting opportunities for resource-constrained application scenarios, not only in biomedical engineering but also in the education field, and may be used in space experiments.
Perfusable Vessel-on-a-Chip for Antiangiogenic Drug Screening with Coaxial Bioprinting
Authors: Gu Zeming , Xie Mingjun , Lv Shang , Liu Nian , He Jing , Li Yuanrong , Zhu Yuanbo , Fu Jianzhong , Lin Hui , Xie Chaoqi , He Yong
Published: September 2022

Vessel-on-a-chips, which can be used to study microscale fluid dynamics, tissue-level biological molecules delivery and intercellular communication under favorable three-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrix microenvironment, are increasingly gaining traction. However, not many of them can allow for long-term perfusion and easy observation of angiogenesis process. Since angiogenesis is necessary for the expansion of tumor, antiangiogenic drugs play a significant role in cancer treatment. In this study, we established an innovative and reliable antiangiogenic drug screening chip that was highly modularly integrated for long-term perfusion (up to 10 days depending on the hydrogel formula) and real-time monitoring. To maintain an unobstructed flow of cell-laden tubes for subsequent perfusion culture on the premise of excellent bioactivities, a polycaprolactone stent inspired by coronary artery stents was introduced to hold up the tubular lumen from the inside, while the perfusion chip was also elaborately designed to allow for convenient observation. After 3 days of perfusion screening, distinct differences in human umbilical vein endothelial cell sprouting were observed for a gradient of concentrations of bevacizumab, which pointed to the effectiveness and reliability of the drug screening perfusion system. Overall, a perfusion system for antiangiogenic drug screening was developed, which can not only conduct drug evaluation, but also be potentially useful in other vessel-mimicking scenarios in the area of tissue engineering, drug screening, pharmacokinetics, and regenerative medicine.
A Simple Technique for Isolating Plasmids from Escherichia Coli for Efficient Chemical Transfection of Human Cell Culture
Authors: Manuvera V.A. , Grafskaia E.N. , Lazarev V.N.
Published: September 2022

Currently, a large number of reagent kits are commercially available for the isolation of highly purified plasmid DNA for subsequent transfection of human cell lines. However, due to high cost and logistical problems, it may be necessary to isolate plasmid DNA using only the simplest reagents and materials. We present one of the possible methods for such DNA isolation, suitable for routine laboratory use. It is based on well-known principles and methods for plasmid DNA purification, has minimal cost, does not require special skills, and is easily scalable. The technique includes the steps of alkaline lysis, purification with silica particles and gel filtration. It was shown that plasmids isolated using the proposed method transfect human embryonic kidney Expi293F cells no less efficiently than plasmids purified using a specialized Qiagen plasmid maxi kit (�Qiagen�, USA).
Histopathological evaluation of endometrial curettings in women with abnormal uterine bleeding: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Begum Rameejan , Sheeja J
Published: September 2022

Endometrial pathologies have been a predominate problem faced by women globally.Among all the endometrial pathologies, abnormal uterine bleeding is first in the list among the developing countries.

To analyse the percentage of endometrial pathology detected in women who were diagnosed from abnormal uterine bleeding in our tertiary health care centre.

A retrospective study of 158 women patients who were diagnosed with abnormal uterine bleeding and their endometrial tissue sampling were evaluated for endometrial pathology. The study data were collected from February 2017 till January 2019 based on Inclusion criteria and Exclusion criteria.

According to the inclusion criteria, the 152 cases medical data which includes clinical evaluations along with endometrial histopathology evaluation were analysed. According to our analysis, the histopathological examination reports revealed most of the cases were diagnosed with benign endometrial pathology (34.72%) and abnormal endometrial pathology (9.09%). The 9.09% includes 7.44% presented with endometrial hyperplasia and 1.65% presented with endometrial cancer.

Histopathological study of endometrial curettage tissue is the approved method for detecting any endometrial pathology. This is an onerous task for pathologists as not to miss any important findings. According to our analysis the commonest incidences of endometrial pathology were normal endometrium 56.19% of cases and benign pathology 34.72% and the less incidences of preneoplastic lesions 7.44% and endometrial carcinoma 1.65%.
Tubercular pleural effusion with epithelioid cells– A rare cytological case presentation
Authors: Akhtar Kafil , Sinha Dipanjan , Fahim Mazhar , Aprajita
Published: September 2022

Tuberculosis is one of the most prevalent disease of the developing countries resulting in significant morbidity. Extra pulmonary tuberculosis results in pleurisy among predilection to other organ and organ systems like lymph nodes. Pleurisy results in tubercular pleural effusion. Pleural effusions are mostly seen in immunocompetent patients. Here we present a case of tubercular pleural effusion which was diagnosed by cytology examination of pleural fluid in a 22-year-old female, who presented with shortness of breath, generalized weakness with decreased appetite. Radiological investigations revealed a unilateral pleural effusion. Pleural tapping was done and sent for cytological examination. Cytospin aspirate smear showed degenerated mesothelial cells, histiocytes, few epithelioid cells, mature lymphocytes and lymphocytes with splintered chromatin. A diagnosis of tubercular pleural effusion was made with further tests like CBNAAT for confirmation of diagnosis. CBNAAT was positive with a strain of Rifampicin sensitive mycobacterial tuberculosis identified. Patient was started on anti tubercular drugs according to the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program. To conclude, cytology is a fast inexpensive method for diagnosing the etiology of pleural effusions by pointing us in the right direction.
Giant phyllodes tumor of breast with diffuse myxoid changes mimicking low- grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) - A case report
Authors: G.C Manasa , Singh Shilpa , Kulkarni Vardendra
Published: September 2022

Phyllodes tumors are biphasic tumors consisting of epithelial and stromal components that account for less than 1% of all breast tumors. Phyllodes tumors are rare that behave in an unpredictable manner and can rarely have diffuse myxoid changes without an exaggerated intracanalicular pattern with leaf like fronds and stromal hypercellularity.

50-year old lady with left breast lump, morphologically mimicking low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma was finally diagnosed as recurrent phyllodes tumor (intermediate grade) with extensive myxoid change, based on the previous microscopic finding of phyllodes tumor and excluded diagnosis of low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma by MUC4 stain.

Recurrent phyllodes tumor which is a common stromal tumor was diagnosed as LGFMS because of its morphology change resembling, LGFMS which was ruled later out with sensitive and specific marker for LGFMS i.e., MUC4.
Alcances sobre el derecho a la movilidad sostenible en el Perú (segunda parte)
Authors: Valenzuela Gómez Humberto
Published: September 2022

En nuestra nueva entrega, mencionaré las nuevas normas relacionadas con la movilidad sostenible, debido a la recientemente publicación de la Ley 31199, Ley de Gestión y Protección de los Espacios Públicos, la cual, según su artículo 1, tiene por objeto establecer el marco normativo para la gestión, protección, manejo y sostenibilidad de los espacios públicos, elementos esenciales para la mejora de la calidad de la vida de las personas y del ambiente en la ciudad. También garantizar su uso público, a través del trabajo coordinado, participativo y técnicamente consistente de las instituciones y organismos competentes. Una de las mayores novedades de la Ley 31199 es la introducción del término «derecho a la ciudad», no como derecho propiamente dicho, sino incorporándolo dentro de lo que la norma denomina «principios» a considerar para su aplicación, con una referencia al derecho al bienestar y a la movilidad, entre otros, que mencionaremos en el desarrollo de este artículo. Además, resulta importante revisar a nivel jurídico el esquema de responsabilidades de los funcionarios que emiten leyes, reglamentos, actos administrativos y declaraciones que afecten los derechos fundamentales directamente vinculados con la movilidad sostenible, para reducir el riesgo que las políticas dirigidas a la adopción de medidas e implementación de soluciones de movilidad sostenible se vean mediatizadas por decisiones basadas en cuestiones políticas o que respondan a intereses particulares, en desmedro de la ciudadanía.
¿Puede el tribunal de contrataciones del Estado realizar el control difuso de las normas legales mediante acuerdos de sala plena?
Authors: Pérez Aguilar Victoria
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo pretende analizar la posibilidad de que el Tribunal de Contrataciones del Estado pueda realizar control difuso de las normas legales, específicamente de la norma de contrataciones del Estado, materializando este control a través de los acuerdos de Sala Plena. Este análisis se realiza a partir de la emisión del acuerdo de Sala Plena 003-2021/TCE, del 19 de marzo de 2021, que modifica el criterio interpretativo plasmado en el acuerdo de Sala Plena 08-2020/TCE relacionado con el alcance de los impedimentos establecidos en los literales a), b), c), d) y e) del numeral 11.1 del artículo 11 del TUO de la Ley 30225, para el ejercicio de la docencia.
Las partes del contrato de concesión y la participación de los organismos reguladores en los procesos arbitrales
Authors: Martin Tirado Richard
Published: September 2022

En el Perú, existe una imprecisión terminológica sobre la naturaleza de la concesión administrativa, básicamente influenciada por las reglas aplicables a la contratación pública general, que se sustenta en el régimen clásico de la Ley de Contrataciones del Estado. A partir de esta debilidad, se advierte que no existe una definición uniforme de los contratos de concesión como parte del modelo general que se encuentra recogido en el régimen de las asociaciones público-privadas. Ello ha generado un desborde en el tratamiento jurídico del contrato de concesión y en la delimitación del rol que deben desempeñar los distintos actores que inciden en su ejecución, entre los que se encuentran los organismos reguladores. En este sentido, el carácter especializado de los contratos de concesión, implica evaluar con detalle el papel que cumplen los sujetos que participan como partes en los contratos, teniendo en cuenta la complejidad de la concesión administrativa: i) a nivel del procedimiento de selección del concesionario estatal; ii) en relación al acto de otorgamiento de la misma como un título habilitante y iii) en la ulterior celebración del contrato de concesión. Por ello, es necesario corregir determinados errores y mitos que se han construido sobre el rol paradigmático de los organismos reguladores y su participación activa en la solución de controversias contractuales. El artículo analiza en forma crítica la forma en que se ha venido identificando el rol de los diversos sujetos que participan en el contrato de concesión, pero, a su vez, nos plantea alertas con respecto a las limitaciones normativas que hoy existen y que pudieran afectar a futuro la ejecución de estos contratos. En función de la experiencia comparada y de las diferentes reformas normativas aprobadas en los últimos años, el autor propone reformas que pueden ayudar a una ejecución más eficiente de los contratos de concesión.
El debido proceso en sede administrativa: garantía al ciudadano de una administración eficiente e imparcial
Authors: Valdivia Acuña Mildred
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo se centra en el debido proceso y en la importancia que tiene en la protección de los derechos fundamentales. El debido proceso tiene su origen en el due process of law anglosajón, compuesto por el debido proceso adjetivo y el debido proceso sustantivo. Tal es así que, en América Latina, el debido proceso adjetivo alude al cumplimiento de ciertas formalidades de trámite y procedimiento que deben observarse para la emisión de una sentencia, mientras que el debido proceso sustantivo garantiza que las sentencias sean razonables. Hoy el debido proceso se caracteriza no solo por ser una exigencia y garantía a nivel de derecho interno que exige razonabilidad, suficiencia y congruencia, sino también que, como tal, ha sido reconocido por la doctrina internacional como un derecho humano. Esta conclusión deviene de la lectura e interpretación del artículo 8 de la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos, que lo define como una suerte de derecho complejo, que implica el desarrollo de diversas concretizaciones del mismo. Es decir, el ejercicio de un vasto conjunto de derechos diferentes identificándolo como sustento de la puesta en práctica de otros. Sin perjuicio de ello, y para comprender con detalle esta afirmación, debemos desmembrar su conceptualización. Sin embargo, dada la importancia de su aplicación, se ha establecido que el debido proceso es un principio-derecho que necesariamente debe ser aplicado en sede jurisdiccional. No obstante, la jurisprudencia y la doctrina tanto nacional como internacional reconocen que este principio-derecho debe ser también observado en la tramitación de los procedimientos administrativos, para que las personas en el marco de un procedimiento administrativo puedan defenderse adecuadamente ante cualquier tipo de acto emanado del Estado que pueda afectar sus derechos, como las sanciones administrativas.
A Hybrid Supervised Learning Approach for Detection and Mitigation of Job Failure with Virtual Machines in Distributed Environments
Authors: Gaykar Reshma S. , Khanaa V. , Joshi Shashank D.
Published: September 2022

Distributed data processing techniques are very popular nowadays due to high data generation from various resources. To increase work learning outcomes and to reduce consumption, modern massive computational systems divide jobs into several smaller tasks that perform in parallel. Nevertheless, responding with straggler processes, which are sluggish running processes that rise the total response time, is a typical performance issue in such platforms. In this paper, we proposed the detection of struggler nodes in a large distributed environment using a hybrid machine learning technique. Initially, the data has been collected from numerous virtual machine network logs. The entire data set has various fields such as Virtual Machine ID, CPU load, memory load, bandwidth utilization, etc. Memory utilization an input to the proposed system is collected from the garbage collection log files where the memory consumption on each VM and its timestamp is recorded. This is the most efficient way to get the memory consumption in web/desktop applications. Similarly, the CPU, I/O and bandwidth utilization is grabbed from the process monitoring functionality and SAR (System Activity Report) utility from the respective VM boxes. This data set is useful to identify weather-specific virtual machine is heated up or not. In this approach, we proposed three conventional machine learning algorithms and a hybrid machine learning algorithm for the identification of node status. Main purpose of the proposed system is to identify the slow performing node in an efficient way to prevent the other nodes from failures. This can provide effective load balancing and low response time for task execution from available VM’s in distributed cloud environments. To create its training program, several extractions of features approaches were used. TF-IDF, correlational co-occurrence, and density-based features have been mined from the whole data set. With extensive experimental analysis, we evaluate our system with our proposed classification algorithm. As a result, the system produces higher classification accuracy of 94.5% over the traditional machine learning classifiers. If the proposed system is tested against the data set fields, memory load and CPU load on the homogenous machine configurations, we see more efficiency while detecting the underperforming node than the heterogenous machine configurations.
Designing a Two - Dimensional Animation for Verbal Apraxia Therapy for Children with Verbal Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Hidayat Muhammad Taufik , Rahim Sarni Suhaila , Parumo Shahril , A’bas Nurul Najihah , Sani Muhammad 'Ammar Muhammad , Aziz Hilmi Abdul
Published: September 2022

Verbal Apraxia, also called Apraxia of Speech (AOS) is a speech sound condition that affects a person’s ability to translate conscious speech goals into motor plans, resulting in limited and difficult communication. This article presents an investigation on the designing of a 2D animation and its use as a therapy for Verbal Apraxia. This paper aims to investigate animation principles and to design and develop an animation video as a therapeutic solution. The expected outcome of this paper is a comprehensive analysis of the cognitive training in verbal therapy while focusing on spreading awareness of verbal apraxia towards society. In conclusion, this animation video runs successfully and meets all the objectives completely. Therefore, this proposed 2D animation is expected to contribute as a teaching syllabus for special needs schools and produce great usability for the users.
Swarm Based Optimization for Image Dehazing from Noise Filtering Perspective
Authors: Prakash Sunkavalli Jaya , Chetty Manna Sheela Rani , Aravapalli Jayalakshmi
Published: September 2022

Haze may readily corrupt digital photos acquired in an outside situation, degrading the information communicated. To address this issue, several studies on picture haze reduction have been done, with the technique based on the dark channel prior assumption being regarded the state-of-the-art in recent years. Consolidation of observations is a key component of this strategy. However, the suggested technique takes a theoretical approach to picture degradation, treating the degraded image as a tainted product. To mark the noise severity and ambient light, two maps are created. In terms of color change, the parameters are adjusted using Bat algorithm with a penalty function. The outcomes of the experiments were compared to seven existing methodologies, as well as an examination of algorithm complexity. These studies back up the suggested approach's efficacy, efficiency, flexibility, and theoretical soundness.
Speech Coding Using Discrete Cosine Transform and Chaotic Map
Authors: Jamal Marwa , Hassan Tariq A.
Published: September 2022

Recently, data of multimedia performs an exponentially blowing tendency, saturating daily life of humans. Various modalities of data, includes images, texts and video, plays important role in different aspects and has wide. However, the key problem of utilizing data of large scale is cost of processing and massive storage. Therefore, for efficient communications and for economical storage requires effective techniques of data compression to reduce the volume of data. Speech coding is a main problem in the area of digital speech processing. The process of converting the voice signals into a more compressed form is speech coding. In this work, we demonstrate that a DCT with a chaotic system combined with run-length coding can be utilized to implement speech coding of very low bit-rate with high reconstruction quality. Experimental result show that compression ratio is about 13% when implemented on Librispeech dataset.
Recursive LSTM for the Classification of Named Entity Recognition for Hindi Language
Authors: Shelke Rita , Vanjale Sandeep
Published: September 2022

NER assumes a key part in Information Extraction from reports (for example email), conversational information, and so forth. Many tongue handling applications, for example, data recovery, question responding to, and machine interpretation, depend on NER. It tends to be challenging to determine the ambiguities of lexical components utilized in a text arrangement. There is too much work has been already done in English language but there is a need to improve accuracy for the NER in Hindi language. In this research researcher are minimize chances of misclassification by using different classifier namely location, name, weather etc. BiLSTM Development of a NER framework for Indian languages is a similarly troublesome task. In this paper, Researcher have done the different research to contrast the aftereffects of NER and typical implanting and quick text implanting layers to examinations the exhibition of word installing with various bunch sizes to prepare the profound learning models. In this paper, Researcher have done the different examinations to contrast the consequences of NER and typical implanting and quick text installing layers to investigations the presentation of word inserting with various group sizes to prepare the profound learning models. The value of the precision of proposed system architecture is 76.13% which is way more than other system architectures. Also, the value of recall and F1-score of proposed system architecture is 71.49 and 74.26 respectively. So, by comparing proposed system architecture with existing SpaCy, CoreNLP and NLTK it is easy to conclude that proposed system architecture is reliable in all the sense.
He reo ka tipu i ngā kura: Growing te reo Māori in English-medium schools—Findings report
Authors:   NZCER, Bright Nicola , Smaill Esther ,   NZCER
Published: September 2022

English-medium schools have the potential to play an important role in revitalising te reo Māori. Te Wāhanga—New Zealand Council for Educational Research has produced this findings report to support English-medium primary schools to grow te reo Māori, and strengthen their reo Māori teaching and learning programmes.
Factores Socioeconómicos y Motivacionales que Afectan el Rendimiento Escolar de los Estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas Administrativas de la Unacar
Authors: López Cabañas Juan Carlos , Espinosa Carrasco Martha Elena , Saucedo Fernández Mario , Romero Durán Heidy Paulina
Published: September 2022

En la actualidad, no es bien visto que la educación presente altos índices de reprobación, o un bajo nivel de desempeño escolar, ya que ello tiene implicaciones en la economía y crecimiento del país. Por esa razón los gobiernos deciden, cada vez más, invertir en educación de calidad, estableciendo las políticas educativas y destinando los recursos que permitan disminuir los factores que impiden alcanzar la calidad educativa esperada. Uno de esos factores es el bajo desempeño académico, y para combatirlo es necesario identificar los factores que inciden para que se produzca. La presente investigación está dirigida a identificar los factores que afectan el desempeño académico de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas Administrativas de la Universidad Autónoma del Carmen, por medio de un estudio descriptivo, basado en un análisis cualitativo sobre la detección de los indicadores que reflejan mayor impacto en el índice de rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los estudiantes que reprueban, no solo estudian, sino que además trabajan, lo que les impide dedicar mayor tiempo al estudio. Otro factor importante es la falta de interés por la materia.
Radiosensitivity of glioblastoma multiforme and astrocytic cell lines in cell signalling aspects
Authors: ÇALIK KOCATÜRK Duygu , OZDİL Berrin , ADALI Yasemin , HOCA Sinan , KAMER Serra , ÖKTEM Gülperi , UYSAL Ayşegül , AKTUĞ Hüseyin
Published: September 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the radiosensitivity of Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM; U87 MG) and astrocyte (SVG p12) cell lines in vitro through the signalling pathways.
Methods: GBM and astrocytes were treated with 2, 4, 6, and 8 gray of ionized radiation, followed by a clonogenic assay. The effective dose of radiation was determined as 2 gray. Immunofluorescence technics selected to analyse the macrophage migration inhibiting factor (MIF), nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 2 (NFATc2), osteopontin (OPN), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 (SSEA-1). Additionally, p53 and cell cycle assays were performed.
Results: On day 1, astrocytes showed decreased expression of MIF, OPN and mTOR and increased expression of SSEA-1 in the test group after 2 gray radiation. GBM showed decreased expression of p53 and mTOR, but increased expression of NFATc2. The results of MIF expression were found higher in GBM compared to astrocytes on day 1. Interestingly, on day 12, increased expression of SSEA-1, OPN and p53 were observed in both cell lines’ test groups. Further analysis showed that all control groups of GBM and astrocytes were significantly accumulated in the S phase. After radiotherapy application, percentage of GBM in G0/G1 phases and especially in G2/M phases increased; conversely, in the S phase it decreased. Moreover, percentage of astrocytes increased in the S phase and decreased in G0/G1 phases and in G2/M phases.
Conclusions: This combination of findings suggests that as a result of the radiotherapy effect, GBM started to accumulate on check points. The central question in this study focused on changes in molecular protein expression in cancer cells after radiotherapy, particularly key signalling pathways of tumorigenesis and a new possible point of view for treating such diseases.
Hemorrhagic stroke in children: A case report
Authors: Dukić Vuković Tanja , Miksić Mirjana , Šeruga Tomaž , Ravnik Janez
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this report is to present a case of hemorrhagic stroke in a child.Case report: We present a 13-year-old child with a hemorrhagic stroke, which resulted from spontaneous  bleeding of congenital arteriovenous malformations in the brain.Conclusion: Although a brain stroke in children is rare, it is an important cause of disability and mortality. Clinical, neurologic, and radiologic examinations are key for the detection and treatment of arteriovenous malformations, which are the most important cause of hemorrhagic stroke in children and may threaten a child's health and life.
Professional Development Rewired: A Case Study of TIMS Approach
Authors: Luo TIan , Reynolds Jillian , Muljana Pauline
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a case study of a technology-enhanced professional development strategy and demonstrates how an extended workshop approach, based on tutorials, instructional modeling, and support (TIMS), was used for professional learning at a school site. Data collection procedures included a pre-survey, an audiotaped focus group, interviews, a post-survey, and previous district historical survey collection and analysis regarding professional development sessions. Overall, the results indicate that the TIMS approach is an effective form of professional development delivery, which focuses on providing live modeling, attending to lesson relevancy and student needs, as well as being content-specific. Implications regarding implementing technology-focused professional development initiatives are discussed.
Chorologie des Familles de Cochenilles (Hemiptera) dans la Parcelle Permanente de Rabi (Sud – ouest Gabon)
Authors: Owono Léotard Rochat Sima , Koumba Christophe Roland Zinga , Nzengue Ephrem , Koumba Aubin Armel , Normark Benjamin , Acapovi-Yao Geneviève Lydie , Djogbenou Luc Salako , Mavoungou Jacques François
Published: September 2022

Au Gabon, les connaissances portant sur les cochenilles demeurent encore fragmentaires et mal connues. Pourtant ces insectes, en raison de leur phytophagie représentent un fléau majeur pour la préservation des espèces végétales. C’est dans ce cadre qu’une étude entomologique transversale a été conduite dans la parcelle permanente de Rabi, province de l’Ogooué-Maritime, en juillet 2015 (saison sèche), afin de connaître les familles de cochenilles auxquelles sont exposés les arbres. Pour ce faire, deux techniques d’échantillonnage ont été utilisées : la collecte manuelle et la collecte à l’aide d’un élagueur. Au total 366 cochenilles ont été récoltées sur les 249 espèces d’arbres reparties en 45 familles et examinées dans cette parcelle. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que trois familles de cochenilles parasites les arbres prospectés ; il s’agit des Diaspididae : 297 (81,15%), des Coccidae : 62 (16,94 %) et des Pseudococcidae : 7 (1,91 %). Les Diaspididae ont été statistiquement la famille des cochenilles la plus abondante dans cette parcelle forestière (statistic=246,96; p-value = 2,35e-54). Par ailleurs, les familles d’arbres les plus infestées statistiquement par les cochenilles étaient les familles des Euphorbiaceae (statistic=57,9; p-value=0,015), des Fabaceae (statistic=111,98; p-value=1,8e-09) et celle des Rubiaceae (statistic=109,2; p-value=4,72e-09). Au niveau de l’espèce, la famille des Fabaceae n’a pas été statistiquement infestées par les cochenilles contrairement aux espèces des famille des Euphorbiaceae et des Rubiaceae, avec respectivement Klaineanthus gaboniae (statistic=15,37; p-value=0,008), Synsepalum cf. stipulatum (statistic=56,41; p-value=6,67e-11), Pausinystalia macroceras (statistic=67,71; p-value=4,27e-07) et Beilschmiedia pierreana (statistic=31,53; p-value=0,035). Ces niveaux d’infestation enregistrés chez les espèces arborées de Rabi mettent en exergue la nécessité de tenir compte des cochenilles dans le processus de conservation des forêts gabonaises.
Caractéristiques Phytoécologiques des Groupements Végétaux Ligneux des Formations Naturelles à Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. dans le Centre-Est du Niger
Authors: Habou Maman Kamal Abou , Morou Boubé , Mahamane Ali
Published: September 2022

Les connaissances sur l’organisation spatiale et de la composition floristique des écosystèmes forestiers sont importantes pour les politiques d’aménagement et de conservation. Ce travail vise à caractériser les formations naturelles à Balanites aegyptiaca. Les données ont été collectées au moyen des relevés phytosociologiques installés de façon aléatoire dans les agrosystèmes et les formations naturelles. Au total, 27 espèces ligneuses ont été recensées. Quatre groupements végétaux ont été discriminés dont le groupement à Balanites aegyptiaca et Vachellia tortilis, le groupement à Balanites aegyptiaca et Cordia sinensis, le groupement à Balanites aegyptiaca et Piliostigma reticulatum et le groupement à Balanites aegyptiaca et Senegalia senegal. Ces groupements sont sous la dépendance de certaines variables environnementales telles que les types d’occupation et la texture du sol. Le nombre d’espèces par groupement varie de 8 à 21 et l’indice de Shannon varie de 1,29 à 2,61 bits. Ces valeurs indiquent que les groupements sont faiblement diversifiés. L’abondance des Microphanérophytes et des espèces de la famille des Fabaceae traduise l’appartenance de ces sites au climat aride. L’abondance des espèces à large distribution sur les types phytogéographiques confirme l’aridité climatique et la perturbation du milieu.
The Effects of Ripening Stage and Mode of Culture of Chemlali, Arbequina and Koroneiki on the Capacities of Oils to Scavenge ABTS Free Radicals
Authors: Jellali Mourad , Naija Dhouha Saidana , Gueddes Samia Ben Mansour , Braham Mohamed
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant power of the olive oil against the cation radical ABTS•+, according to cultivars: Chemlali, Arbequina and Koroneiki; culture modes: extensive and intensive; ripening stages: November and December corresponding stages and study year: 2017 and 2018. Radical percentage inhibition (PI), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), inhibitory concentration required to scavenge 50% of radicals (IC50) and principal component analysis (ACP) were determined. The oil of the Tunisian main cultivar Chemlali, cultivated in extensive mode, has the best scavenging power with the lowest IC50 values of 9.3, 10.8, 9.65 and 10.4 µg/ml respectively in all the ripening stages. Also, at the lowest tested concentration of 20 µg/ml, this oil has the highest TEAC values, respectively 2.28 and 2.20 in November of 2017 and 2018. For the introduced cultivars, Koroneiki presents better performance than Arbequina, in intensive mode, with IC50 ranged from 9.6 to 13.8 against 12.40 to 22.35 for Arbequina. Furthermore, the principal component analysis proves that the oils of Chemlali in extensive mode and Koroneiki in intensive have the best scavenging capacity of ABTS•+. This study proves that the extensive mode is the best culture mode and the ripening stage of November is the best stage in order to get oils with a height antioxidant capacity.
Why Does Fashion Fits China so Much?
Authors: Scaini Luca , Belhaddad Maria
Published: September 2022

The present paper investigates the relationship of cause and effect between cultural behavior and Physioeconomy with Fashion in China. The purpose is to identify which cultural reasons lie behind the massive adoption of fashion in China, entrusting to these the success of fashiopulling fashion. The methodology adopted is an exploratory comparative analysis between nations (China, Japan and India), which have cultural physioeconomic similarities, both genuine or artifact. The paper starts from an initial direct observation of the phenomena, checked through the bibliographic review of the background throughout the last 30 years, and supported by a survey supporting the hypothesis. Findings are that fashion is adopted for anthropological reasons of cultural homologation, and not for differentiation due to the specific socio-psychological and cultural structure of the Chinese Nation, similarly to Japan but contrarily from India. The different attitude toward fashion is motivated by cultural reasons. The value of the paper is the exploratory investigation of the anthropologic behavior, offering a scoped analysis with practical interest for socially based commodities and following the research course of the motivations behind buying fashion and China. It is interesting as it will lead to deeper quantitative researches.
Advances in understanding bacterial diseases in poultry: challenges and perspectives
Authors:   University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria, Paudel Surya , Hess Michael ,   University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria, Hess Claudia ,   University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
Published: September 2022

Bacterial diseases in poultry are well known for their negative consequences on animal health, welfare and public health. Recent advancement in scientific research has substantially improved our understanding of pathogen attributes and disease mechanism, thus progress has been made in identification and typing of bacteria with consequences on vaccine development, although substantial gaps remain. In various countries, legislation and husbandry practices for poultry production have changed recently with prevention strategies gaining more attention in order to reduce treatment options due to increasing concerns about antimicrobial resistance. However, challenges prevail due to changing landscape of bacterial diseases, which demands for continuous epidemiological investigations and a thorough understanding of disease influencing mechanisms. More standardized experimental studies aligning the knowledge from clinical cases should be implemented to understand the gaps in host-pathogen interaction in a controlled set up. Overall, the chapter aims to provide advances and challenges related to bacterial infections in poultry.
Advances in understanding parasite infections of poultry: protozoa and the red mite
Authors:   Royal Veterinary College, UK, Blake Damer P. , Liebhart Dieter ,   University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
Published: September 2022

This chapter reviews research on understanding and controlling three of the most widespread and economically-relevant parasites of poultry and the infections they cause: Eimeria species (coccidiosis), Histomonas meleagridis (histomonosis) and Dermanyssus gallinae (the poultry red mite (PRM)). In each case the chapter reviews advances in areas such as: incidence and economic significance, host-pathogen interactions, population dynamics, detection, control and prevention as well as ongoing challenges in parasite management.
Optimizing the health of poultry layers
Authors:   Iowa State University, USA, Sato Yuko
Published: September 2022

Commercial egg production is an important part of poultry production worldwide. Table egg production is facing times of change and transition with focus on animal well-being. Several major global trends have impacted egg production in many ways: 1) housing systems, 2) ban on beak treatments, 3) increasing focus on sustainability, and 4) consumer demand for specialty eggs. Although the majority of the US egg production still remains in cages, increasing numbers of table egg layer producers transition into cage-free/aviary type production or organic egg production, which involves raising birds cage-free with outdoor access or free-range. The choice of the management and housing system is up to the poultry producer and depends on regulations, personal preference, financial returns, and environmental options. Producers are constantly looking at different challenges with egg production based on customer preference, in which case these alternative systems demands better and different management skills in order to keep birds in good health and productivity.
Optimizing the health of broiler breeder birds
Authors:   Wageningen Livestock Research, The Netherlands, van Emous Rick , Steentjes André
Published: September 2022

The main objective in broiler breeder production is to produce fertilized eggs resulting in healthy and robust day-old broiler chicks. Due to the continuing increase in the genetic potential of the offspring and the improved reproduction performance, there is a high need for professional management and poultry health care of broiler breeder flocks. Implementation of strict biosecurity measures in combination with intensive, well-orchestrated vaccination programs must prevent disease challenges for both breeders and offspring. Points of attention during the rearing period are stress factors like necessary feed restriction, flock density, bird handling, transport and vaccination reactions. A good coordination between rearing and laying period in equipment, management, feed strategy and health care is crucial for maximum chick performance. This chapter gives an overview of the diseases, vaccinations and direct and indirect effects of management and nutritional interventions on health and productivity in broiler breeders.
Konstytucyjne podstawy działalności gospodarczej państwa
Authors: Strzyczkowski Kazimierz
Published: September 2022

Konstytucja RP nie odnosi się wprost i bezpośrednio do działalności gospodarczej państwa zarówno w aspekcie podmiotowym, jak i przedmiotowym. Uzasadnia to podjęcie próby wskazania konstytucyjnej podstawy działalności gospodarczej państwa, opierając się na derywacyjnej koncepcji interpretacji przepisów art. 20 Konstytucji RP, stanowiącego, że społeczna gospodarka rynkowa posadowiona jest na wolności działalności gospodarczej, własności prywatnej, solidarności, dialogu i współpracy partnerów społecznych; art. 22 Konstytucji RP, przewidującego, że ograniczenie wolności działalności gospodarczej jest dopuszczalne tylko w drodze ustawy i jedynie ze względu na ważny interes publiczny; oraz przepisów Konstytucji RP poświęconych w ogóle działalności gospodarczej. Za podstawę rekonstrukcji normy wyznaczającej kompetencję działalności państwa przyjęto wynikające z przepisu art. 20 Konstytucji RP „filary” ustroju społecznej gospodarki rynkowej: wolność działalności gospodarczej i własność prywatną. Wynikiem interpretacji dokonanej na bazie dyrektyw systemowych jest stwierdzenie, iż działalność gospodarcza państwa nie znajduje podstawy konstytucyjnej w zasadzie swobody działalności gospodarczej współkształtującej ustrój społecznej gospodarki rynkowej.

Bezpośredni udział państwa w obrocie gospodarczym we właściwych formach organizacyjno-prawnych jest nie tyle pochodną konstytucyjnego prawa wolnej działalności gospodarczej, ile konsekwencją odpowiednich unormowań prawnych dopuszczających powołanie przez ustawowo upoważnione organy państwa przedsiębiorców we właściwych dla działalności państwa formach organizacyjno-prawnych. Obowiązuje w tym przypadku reguła, iż nie można domniemywać kompetencji organów administracyjnych, których zakres zadań i kompetencji obejmuje stosowanie instrumentów władczej ingerencji w sferę innych osób, zgodnie z zasadą „dozwolone jest tylko to, co prawo wyraźnie przewiduje”.

Znaczenie drugiego „filaru”, to jest nakazu oparcia działalności gospodarczej na własności prywatnej, dla rekonstrukcji kompetencji działalności gospodarczej państwa w znacznym stopniu redukuje irrelewantność ustroju własnościowego podmiotów gospodarczych w przepisach prawa Unii Europejskiej (art. 345 TFUE — zasada neutralności traktatowej) i funkcjonalne podejście do kwalifikacji przedsiębiorstw jako przedsiębiorstw publicznych, w tym przedsiębiorstw państwa, co wyraźnie zmniejsza znaczenie własności prywatnej jako kryterium rozróżnienia sektora prywatnego i publicznego działalności gospodarczej.
Regulacja zawodów zaufania publicznego w społecznej gospodarce rynkowej
Authors: Kłusek Paweł
Published: September 2022

Wraz z uchwaleniem Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 2 kwietnia 1997 roku obowiązującym systemem gospodarczym stała się społeczna gospodarka rynkowa. Wydaje się, że przyjęcie nowego ustroju gospodarczego wpłynęło na możliwość prawnej regulacji zawodów zaufania publicznego, o których wspomina art. 17 ust. 1 Konstytucji. Celem niniejszej pracy jest ustalenie, w jaki sposób ustawodawca powinien regulować zawody zaufania publicznego w warunkach społecznej gospodarki rynkowej.
Czy powinniśmy wyodrębniać prawo gospodarcze? Powrót do dyskusji
Authors: Bator Andrzej
Published: September 2022

W artykule autor przywołuje debatę, która odbyła się w 1993 roku na łamach czasopisma „Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny”. Jej uczestnikom redakcja zadała pytania: „Co to jest prawo gospodarcze?” oraz „Czy należy wyodrębniać prawo gospodarcze?” (jako gałąź prawa oraz, odpowiednio, samodzielną dyscyplinę badawczą). Niniejszy tekst jest próbą pokazania, co zmieniło się w naukowym otoczeniu polskiego prawoznawstwa przez niespełna 30 lat od tamtej debaty i jak zmiany te mogą wpłynąć na tezy formułowane w ówczesnej dyskusji. Zmiany te ukształtował tak zwany przełom pragmatyczny. Korzystając z założeń badawczych filozofii pragmatycznej, autor formułuje pogląd, iż idea gałęziowego (przedmiotowego) podziału systemu prawa powinna zostać zastąpiona przez rozumienie „prawa gospodarczego” jako pewnej postawy przyjmowanej wobec prawa przez działający/gospodarujący podmiot.
Kilka uwag na temat funkcji administracji publicznej
Authors: Kusiak-Winter Renata
Published: September 2022

Funkcje administracji publicznej są odzwierciedleniem celów i funkcji współczesnego państwa, a jednocześnie mają charakter dynamiczny, co oznacza emanację nie tylko zmieniających się wizji ugrupowania politycznego z większością parlamentarną, ale i oczekiwań społecznych oraz kierunków rozwoju gospodarki w danym państwie i w Europie.
Wolne zawody w przyszłości
Authors: Jacyszyn Jerzy
Published: September 2022

Nikt nie jest w stanie powiedzieć, jak będzie wyglądało wykonywanie wolnego zawodu w odległych czasach, kto będzie zaliczany do grupy osób wykonujących wolne zawody, jakie nowe profesje się pojawią, a jakie znikną. Dlatego tak ważne jest, by zastanowić nad przyszłością osób wykonujących wolne zawody.
„Compliance” jako prewencyjna forma informowania
Authors: Olszewski Jan
Published: September 2022

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie instytucji compliance jako użytecznej formy prewencyjnego informowania o obowiązującym prawie. Opisano ją w odniesieniu do aspektów pojęciowego, prawnego i organizacyjnego. W tekście pojawią się także odwołania do ewolucji tej instytucji w Polsce i propozycje jej praktycznego wykorzystania.