bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Power Allocation in Cognitive Radio in Energy Constrained Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Acharya Tamaghna , Maity Santi P.
Published: June 2013

The acute scarcity of radio frequency spectrum has inspired to think of a new communication technology where the devices are expected to be able to sense and adapt to their spectral environment, thereby appearing as cognitive radios (CR) who can share opportunistically the bands assigned to primary users (PUs). At the same time, low cost, increased coverage, enhanced capacity, infrastructure-less configuration, and so forth, become the essence of future wireless networks. Although the two research fields came up independently, in due time it is observed that CR has a promising future and has excellent applications in wireless networks. To this aim, this chapter explores some scope of integration in CR and ad hoc networks (called here CRAHNETs) in some specific design perspective. First, a brief literature review on CR power allocation and energy aware routing in wireless ad hoc networks (WANETs) is done that highlights the importance for the scope of their integration. Then, power allocation in CRAHNETs with extended network lifetime is considered as an example problem. More specifically, the design problem is: given a set of paths (routes) between a pair of source (S) and destination (D) nodes in CRAHNETs, how to allocate optimal power to the source and relay nodes such that outage probability for data transmission is minimized and network lifetime is enhanced, while meeting the limits of total transmit power of CRs and interference threshold to PU simultaneously. A solution for the stated problem is proposed along with performance evaluation. A few related research problems are mentioned as future research directions.
Application of Cognitive Radio in VANET
Authors: K. Komathy
Published: June 2013

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET) is an emerging application of Intelligent Transport System, which is mainly to assist public safety applications such as collision avoidance between the vehicles or between vehicles and other obstacles such as pedestrians. At the same time, it challenges the data communication because of its high mobility, short link lifetime, and frequent network fragmentations. Existing spectrum standard for vehicular communication underutilizes the frequency bands in the sparsely used regions when the licensed users are not deploying them even at the peak hours of the road. Congestion or route stalling is unavoidable in vehicular networking and this builds an impression that there is always a shortage of spectrum. A solution would be to have a cognitive radio that can utilize the spectrum that is not heavily used so as to ease congestion in other areas. This chapter brings out the application of cognitive radios in vehicular environments, a new and relatively less explored area of research. This chapter looks into a few existing studies in the literature which have focused on spectrum sensing techniques, routing methodology, and security for cognitive radio vehicular networks. In addition, this chapter also discusses the impact of changes in the vehicular network on the radio propagation channel and in turn on the operation and performance of the cognitive radio vehicular network. Finally, future directions in research have highlighted the existing challenges in specific areas.
The Role of Trust and Technology Acceptance Model(TAM) on Customer Acceptance of Mobile Banking
Authors: Srivastava R. K. , Singh Sindhu , Srivastava Vivek
Published: June 2013

This paper studies the need to integrate trust and Technology acceptance model (TAM) to understand the behaviour intention of the customer to use mobile banking. The present study focuses through literature review on trust related antecedents and technology related constructs and its influence on customer decision. It covers disposition to trust, institution-based trust, cognitive-base trust, security and privacy as five potential antecedents of trust. The study concludes that two technology attributes which are perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness to be beneficial for the usage of mobile banking. It suggests an integrated model that incorporates the five trust antecedents and two technology-related antecedents on its influence on customers’ decision to use mobile banking.
Effect of Necessary Factors for Deploying E-Business Models on Business Performance in Automotive Industry
Authors: Nikabadi Mohsen Shafiei , Olfat Laya , Jafarian Ahmad , Khamene Hassan Alibabaei
Published: June 2013

The main goal of this article is to survey effects of necessary factors for deploying e-business models on business performance in automotive industry. Today, application of information technology and internet in business is turned to a critical tool to gain competitive advantages in business. The impact of e-businesses is so that changed competitive approach between companies from traditional to modern models. In this study, first, necessary key factors of implementing e-business in automotive industry are identified. Then different aspects of performance evaluation in automotive industry are recognized. After identifying the different aspects of e-business and business performance, effect of necessary aspects for implementing e-business on business performance are studied. Recognition of different aspects in the field of study is based on confirmatory factor analysis and then type of each determined aspects with business performance is surveyed using correlation analysis. Findings of this study shows positive relationship between necessary aspects of implementing e-business on both aspects of operational and general indexes of business performance evaluation.
Does Stakeholder Perception of Firm’s Corporate Social Responsibility Affect Firm Performance?
Authors: Ravi Siva Prasad
Published: June 2013

In the present-day business landscape characterised by global competition, demanding customers and depleting natural resources, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become an important strategy for corporations for creating competitive advantage. CSR involves a corporation’s commitment to align performance (revenue growth and profit) motives with fulfillment of social, ethical, community and environmental obligations. Researchers have found a positive correlation between stakeholder perceptions of firm’s CSR performance and financial performance, assuming other factors as constant. This paper, based on analysis of Wal-Mart’s performance from 2001 to 2011, found, seemingly significant negative perceptions of CSR activities of corporations result in lower performance. Once formed, changing negative perceptions is often difficult and the effort involves considerable amount of resources with questionable outcomes. This study has come to the conclusion that being a good ‘Corporate Citizen’ and creating positive stakeholder perceptions is a better strategic approach for firm’s continuing success.
A Forecasting Method for Fertilizers Consumption in Brazil
Authors: Ogasawara Eduardo , de Oliveira Daniel , Junior Fabio Paschoal , Castaneda Rafael , Amorim Myrna , Mauro Renato , Soares Jorge , Quadros João , Bezerra Eduardo
Published: June 2013

Tracking information about fertilizers consumption in the world is very important since they are used to produce agriculture commodities. Brazil consumes a large amount of fertilizers due to its large-scale agriculture fields. Most of these fertilizers are currently imported. The analysis of consumption of major fertilizers, such as Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium (NPK), Sulfur, Phosphate Rock, Potash, and Nitrogen become critical for long-term government decisions. In this paper we present a method for fertilizers consumption forecasting based on both Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and logistic function models. Our method was used to forecast fertilizers consumption in Brazil for the next 20 years considering different economic growth for the entire country.
Scalable Distributed Two-Layer Data Structures (SD2DS)
Authors: Sapiecha Krzysztof , Lukawski Grzegorz
Published: June 2013

Scalability and fault tolerance are important features of modern applications designed for the distributed, loosely-coupled computer systems. In the paper, two-layer scalable structures for storing data in a distributed RAM of a multicomputer (SD2DS) are introduced. A data unit of SD2DS (a component) is split into a header and a body. The header identifies the body and contains its address in a network. The headers are stored in the first layer of SD2DS, called the component file, while the bodies are stored in the second layer, called the component storage. Both layers are managed independently. Details of the management algorithms are given, along with SD2DS variant suitable for storing plain records of data. The SD2DS is compared to similar distributed structures and frameworks. Comparison considerations together with test results are also given. The results proved superiority of SD2DS over similar structures.
Discovering Knowledge in Data Using Formal Concept Analysis
Authors: Andrews Simon , Orphanides Constantinos
Published: June 2013

Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) has been successfully applied to data in a number of problem domains. However, its use has tended to be on an ad hoc, bespoke basis, relying on FCA experts working closely with domain experts and requiring the production of specialised FCA software for the data analysis. The availability of generalised tools and techniques, that might allow FCA to be applied to data more widely, is limited. Two important issues provide barriers: raw data is not normally in a form suitable for FCA and requires undergoing a process of transformation to make it suitable, and even when converted into a suitable form for FCA, real data sets tend to produce a large number of results that can be difficult to manage and interpret. This article describes how some open-source tools and techniques have been developed and used to address these issues and make FCA more widely available and applicable. Three examples of real data sets, and real problems related to them, are used to illustrate the application of the tools and techniques and demonstrate how FCA can be used as a semantic technology to discover knowledge. Furthermore, it is shown how these tools and techniques enable FCA to deliver a visual and intuitive means of mining large data sets for association and implication rules that complements the semantic analysis. In fact, it transpires that FCA reveals hidden meaning in data that can then be examined in more detail using an FCA approach to traditional data mining methods.
Researches Regarding the Air Pollution with Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) to the Steelmaking
Authors: Ilutiu-Varvara Dana Adriana , Brandusan Liviu , Pică Elena Maria
Published: June 2013

The paper presents the experimental researches regarding the air pollution with sulfur dioxide (SO2) to the steelmaking in the electric arc furnace. It presents a method for determining the sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations from the steelmaking, the diagram variation of the sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations over time during specific technological stages of the steelmaking process and the potential sources that generate the sulfur dioxide (SO2) to steelmaking process in the electric arc furnaces. The air pollution during steelmaking in electric arc furnaces is manifested throughout this process, which includes the following technological stages: furnace charging, charge melting, refining, dephosphorization, desulphurization, deoxidizing, alloying and evacuation. Considering the stages of steelmaking in the electric arc furnace that have the potential to generate sulfur dioxide (SO2), it was assessed its generation evolution for the following technological stages: melting, refining, desulphurization and deoxidizing. The experimental researches were performed on two electric arc furnaces with a capacity of 10 and 30 tons. The highest concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2) were recorded during the desulfurization technological stage. After this stage, it has been recorded a significant reduction in sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations. The sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations from the electric arc furnace with the capacity of 30 tons are higher than those recorded in the furnace of 10 tons with 30-40%.
Design and Analysis of Carbon/Epoxy Composite Tubular Parts
Authors: Bere Paul , Nemes Ovidiu , Dudescu Cristian , Berce Petru , Sabau Emilia
Published: June 2013

The paper presents a design and analysis methods of carbon /epoxy composite tubular parts. Testing and analytical computations, based on classical laminated plate theory, of the proposed and manufactured material delivered the engineering constants that have been used in the finite element simulations of two important safety tests for the handlebar (bending and torsion). The experimental results obtained for lateral bending test (critical test) are in agreement with the finite element simulations.
The Range Values for the Design Parameters of Nanoengineered Concrete Components. Characteristics, Properties, Amounts and Effects on the Concrete Behaviour
Authors: Radu Olar , Onet Traian
Published: June 2013

The nanometric scale researches results can be found, in present, in every industry domains, due to the effects of the new products, obtained on the basis of this researches. In the concrete industry, the research goal at this level is to obtain, finally, a material with new features, whose structural behavior to be considerably better than of the current one. Basically, it aims to achieve, using nanotechnologies, a new structural material for constructions, starting from the current concrete advantages (good compressive strength, durability, etc.), eliminating the disadvantages (low tensile resistance, cracks, etc.), and controlling, in the same time, the costs. Thus, in this paper are presented the required parameters in order to obtain this kind of material, by highlighting the nanocomponents characteristics and the quantities that are used to achieve the expected quality requirements. The real time influence of these nanocomponents on the quality of the studied material can be observed using a dedicated software, specially developed for this purpose.
Research on How Lens Position of the Optical System is Influencing the Mechanical Characteristics of the Metallic Parts Made by Selective Laser Melting Equipment
Authors: Pacurar Razvan , Berce Petru
Published: June 2013

The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is one of the most important Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies that have been developed in the last few years, with applications in different domains, starting with the industrial engineering and ending with biomedical industry, as well. According to the type of the application (industrial or medical), the challenges and requirements related to this modern technology are different, regarding the mechanical properties of the manufactured parts. The article presents the theoretical and experimental research that was made by the authors in order to improve the mechanical characteristics of the metallic parts manufactured by using the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology. Finite element analysis method has been successfully used in order to study the connection between the density of the material and the fracture strength of several samples that were manufactured from Stainless Steel 316L material, at the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, using the MCP Realizer II SLM 250 equipment. The experimental results that have been obtained by the authors have finally proved that there is a very strong connection between the lens position of the optical system and the resulted porosity of the parts manufactured by using the SLM machine.
Romanian Language Voice Browsing for Web Applications Using Grapheme Level Acoustic Modeling
Authors: Domokos József , Sándor László , Buza Ovidiu , Toderean Gavril
Published: June 2013

The aim of this article is to present a demonstrative Web application with Romanian language continuous speech recognition based multimodal interface. The scope of the paper also includes the presentation and testing of the capabilities of a context dependent grapheme based acoustic model for the Romanian language. The article describes the system architecture, the Web application development and the speech database used for the acoustic feature vector construction and acoustic model training. Further the task grammar is presented. At the end recognition results are presented in both offline and online operating mode. The used speech corpora together with the transcriptions are freely available for academic use on the NaviRo project website: http://users.utcluj.ro/~jdomokos/naviro/.
Magnetic and Electrical Properties of Undoped and Holmium Doped ZnO Thin Films Grown by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Popa Mihaela , Schmerber Guy , Toloman Dana , Gabor Mihai S. , Mesaros Amalia , Petrişor Traian
Published: June 2013

Undoped and holmium-doped ZnO thin films were obtained, using the sol-gel method. The films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Hall effect measurements, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and superconducting quantum interference device vibrating sample magnetometry (SQUID-VSM). The Hall effect measurements have indicated a n-type conduction with a resistivity of about 3.2 Ω.cm for the undoped ZnO and of about 4.5 Ω.cm for the 5 at. % Ho-doped ZnO thin films. The EPR measurements have indicated the presence of interstitial zinc in the undoped ZnO and the presence of zinc vacancies in 5 at. % Ho-doped ZnO. Ho (5 at. %)-doped ZnO films exhibit superparamagnetism at 5 K, while a low paramagnetic behavior was observed at room temperature.
The Influence of Brush Cutters Vibrations on Human Body
Authors: Truţa Aurica , Cristea Felicia Aurora , Arghir Mariana
Published: June 2013

In recent years there have been many cases of HAVS being reported for people who work in agriculture, horticulture, landscape gardening and forestry. The work described in this paper assesses the transmitted vibration to the human body from a hand guided power tool, means a brushcutter. As it is known the brushcutters induce a high level of vibrations on human operators. Depending by brushcutters type, exposure time and human subjectivity, we can discuss about the vibration influence on human body. Long exposure to hand-arm vibration, whole body vibration and mechanical overloading is considered a potential cause of professional diseases.
A Prototype for the Creation and Interactive Visualization of 3D Human Face Models
Authors: Orghidan Radu , Gordan Mihaela , Danciu Marius , Vlaicu Aurel
Published: June 2013

This paper presents a complete solution for the creation and manipulation of the 3D representationof a human face model using off the shelf components. First, the 3D model is obtained bymeans of a structured light system that is calibrated using only the vanishing points extracted from asimple planar surface. Then, an immersive interaction technique is used to manipulate the 3D model.The interaction tool is located in 3D space using a fuzzy technique with the advantages of a lowmemory usage, real-time operation and low positioning errors as compared to classical solutions. Experimentalresults including accuracy evaluation of the reconstruction and of the interaction tool arepresented. The resulting system can find applications in expression based human-computer interaction,virtual assisted cosmetic surgery, as well as in the teleconferencing, being in line with the currenttrends of intelligent user interfaces.
Blended Learning Concept and its Applications to Engineering Education
Authors: Porumb Cosmin , Porumb Sanda , Orza Bogdan , Vlaicu Aurel
Published: June 2013

The technical educational act means theory and practice, individual study, group-based projects or experimental work that involves equipment, simulation/emulation software packages and laboratory applications. In order to develop advanced e-learning tools and integrate them within online platforms for higher and postgraduate engineering education, new methodologies should be taken into consideration: project-and problem based learning, virtual laboratory (remote access to laboratory infrastructure and task evaluation) or remote assistance for diploma projects and mobility grants. This paper presents new blended learning concepts and approaches and the manner they can be adopted in engineering education, by using the symbiotic computing paradigms adapted to blended learning, especially blended learning gap and blended learning bridge.
2D Sensor Based Design of a Dynamic Hand Gesture Interpretation System
Authors: Ciprian David , Gui Vasile
Published: June 2013

A complete 2D sensor based system for dynamic gesture interpretation is presented in this paper. A hand model is devised for this purpose, composed of the palm area and the fingertips. Multiple cues are integrated in a feature space. Segmentation is carried out in this space to output the hand model. The robust technique of mean shift mode estimation is used to estimate the parameters of the hand model, making it adaptive and robust. The model is validated in various experiments concerning difficult situations like occlusion, varying illumination, and camouflage. Real time requirements are also met. The gesture interpretation approach refers to dynamic hand gestures. A collection of fingertip locations is collected from the hand model. Tensor voting approach is used to smooth and reconstruct the trajectory. The final output is represented by an encoding sequence of local trajectory directions. These are obtained by mean shift mode detection on the trajectory representation on Radon space. This module was tested and proved highly accurate.
Optimal Design of D-Type Plastic Fibers for Best Sensitivity of SPR Sensors
Authors: Galatus Ramona , Cennamo Nunzio , Voiculescu Emil
Published: June 2013

A design method for a SPR (surface plasmon resonance) sensor based on a D-type plastic optical fiber (POF) geometry in a configuration of a multi-layered scheme is proposed in this paper. The numerical simulation for the optimal sensitivity with spectral interogation was performed in order to choose the practical implementation geometry of the SPR sensor. A side-polish to the half of the fiber's PMMA core, with about 10mm in length is made and a Microposit 1813 buffer and gold layer deposition is used for sample fabrication. The effect of different thickness of the layers in different multi-layered configuration has been investigated. The proposed setup for sensor test, measures the light intensity instead of phase difference. It can be used for refractive index changes (1.33-1.40) in real time detection of the substances for different biosensing applications. The proposed sensor is simple to use, has small size, it works on small analyt-sample size and it is cost effective for specific non-invasive application users.
Reconversion of Flat Buildings Administration: New Romanian Business Opportunities
Authors: Zsolt Nagy , Fülöp Ludovic , Asko Talja
Published: June 2013

In Romania, after the changes in 1989, most flats in existing buildings were sold to the occupants. This was a sort of getting back for those people who lost their private property, but another reason of this decision was the missing centralized management capacity of the administration. Looking back now and analyzing from the point of view of how property was redefined at that time, we can say with no doubts: it was made in a wrong way, and as time passes this will become a disaster. Tremendous progress was made in the last twenty years in any areas of life, but the existing stock of flat buildings still regresses from all points of view. The pushed administration model for new flat buildings also produces similar negative effects. The reason can be found on one hand in the way how private property division was done. On the other hand the so called owner administration model in most of the cases cannot work efficiently due to lack of knowledge, division, overemphasizing individual interest etc. This paper makes an up to date analysis of present Romanian situation and define new business opportunities, supplying business models for existing and new flat building administration. Applying a reconversion process, positive economical effects and improvement of the comfort and life quality of the owners of such kind of private properties could be achieved.
Exhaust Emissions of a Medium Power Diesel Engine Operated with Biodiesel
Authors: Cordos Nicolae , Todorut Adrian , Barabás István
Published: June 2013

The purpose of this study was to identify from experimental researches the results regarding the nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions and hydrocarbon emissions (HC), emissions of a four-stroke, four cylinder, direct injection of a Romanian medium power diesel tractor engine at partial loads operating on diesel fuel (DF), rapeseed methyl ester (RME), degummed and filtered (5 μm) pure rapeseed oil (RO100) and its blends with diesel fuel: 20% pure rapeseed oil-80% diesel fuel (RO20), 50% pure rapeseed oil-50% diesel fuel (RO50), 75% pure rapeseed oil-25% diesel fuel (RO75) compared to diesel fuel. The main properties of the tested fuels (density, kinematic viscosity, oxidation stability, acid value, peroxide number, coke content, water content and cetane number) have been determined. The value of NOx emissions for the experimented biofuels is smaller up to 53% (for RO100) and increases up to 37% (for RO75) for different engine loads as compared to the diesel fuel. The HC emission shows a decrease for all biofuels used in the experiment ranging between 4% (for RO100) and 63% (RO75) at different loads relative to the diesel fuel.
Application of PSO Algorithm in PMSM Sensorless Control System
Authors: Zhou Tian Pei
Published: June 2013

Aiming at difficulty of determining the noise matrix parameter, PSO algorithm is applied to the optimization of noise parameter matrix. the fitness function is the time integral of the absolute value of the deviation between actual value and estimated value of the motor speed, the position of the particle, which makes the value of fitness function the smallest, is ultimately determined through constantly adjusting the position of the particle in the space, thereby computing matrix with the smallest deviation. The results show that the precision of speed estimation is obviously improved after noise matrix parameters of the system are optimized by PSO algorithm. And optimized waveform pulse of the motor speed is diminishes, speed-governing is more stable.
Research on Forming Technology of Thermoplastic Composite Blade for Wind Turbine
Authors: Cen Hai Tang , Wang Xiao Liang , Hu Zhi Yong
Published: June 2013

Thermoplastic composite has become preferred material for wind turbine blade with high performance, low cost and greenization. The fused mass of the thermoplastic resin has high viscosity and the forming of the thermoplastic composite materials is laborious, quality is not readily guaranteed, thus, the widespread use of thermoplastic composite blades for wind turbine is restricted. Based on the analysis of all kinds of the characteristics of thermoplastic forming technology, the paper has points out that the diaphragm forming is especially suitable for making a hyperboloid, variable thickness, large size wind turbine thermoplastic composite blade structure. The key to improving the forming quality and the efficiency of the thermoplastic blade forming is to establish finite element deformation model of a diaphragm forming process, to effectively control the process parameters such as temperature, pressure, forming rate. Conducting research on thermoplastic blade diaphragm forming technology lay the foundation for the industrialization of thermoplastic wind turbine blade.
Swarm Robotics Cooperation Collision Strategies Based on Game Theory
Authors: Li Cui Ming , Yang Ping , Gong Jun , Niu Wan Cai
Published: June 2013

In order to solve the problems in swarm robotics cooperation collision avoiding, this study tries to design some new cooperation collision avoiding strategies based on game theory so as to establish internal cooperation mechanism for swarm robotics. Specifically it aims at addressing the control issues in the swarm robotics cooperation collision avoiding system, which are caused by environmental restraints such as obstacles, special physical limit, etc. Cournot competition model is adopted here to build the game model of swarm robotics cooperation behavior and the game model is solved to find out the optimal cooperation solution. The numerical simulation verified the effectiveness and feasibility of the cooperation strategies put up by this study.
Shape Classification and Retrieval Based on the V-System
Authors: Wang Xiao Chun , Sun Hong Lei
Published: June 2013

In this paper, a method for describing 2D shape characteristic is presented. The similarity between any two shapes is measured by the Euclidian distance between their corresponding new shape descriptors. Accordingly, a new classification and retrieval technique is proposed by comparing the similarity between two shapes. To evaluate the proposed method, we applied it on the benchmark data set MPEG-7-PartB for shape classification and retrieval. The results show that the V-descriptor has higher efficiency than Zernike moment, pseudo Zernike moment, the central moment and moment invariants.
A New Approach of Distributed Query Processing Based on Database Grid
Authors: Chen Zhi Yuan , Huang Shao Bin , Shen Lin Shan , Yang Shuai
Published: June 2013

Distributed query processing technology is a difficult problem of data query, at the moment, the research and result of the query processing technology which is in view of grid environment is seldom. On the basis of the current grid standard and technology and aiming at the research of distributed relation join algorithm which adapts to grid environment, the paper designs the relevant solutions, achieves the efficient distributed query processing. For the characteristics of database grid, come up with the algorithm of relation join operation in database grid-symmetrical same-ordered semi-join algorithm, this algorithm can reduces the cost of communication and improves the parallelism, and is suitable for multi-join; Second, for the algorithm characteristics, researching the relevant SQL query processing method in order to generates efficient execution plan of symmetrical same-ordered semi-join algorithm.
A Revised and Improved Version of the MRP Algorithm: Rev MRP
Authors: D’Avino Marco , Bregni Alfredo , Schiraldi Massimiliano Maria
Published: June 2013

This article illustrates an improvement of the traditional MRP algorithm, providing significant benefits in terms of reducing the nervous behavior, better pacing order releases, lowering inventory and concurrently reducing the need for continuous forecast adjustments. The proposed algorithm uses the same set of MRP formulas but refers to a L4L continuous replenishment / production routine, anyway succeeding in releasing batch orders according to EOQ and/or POQ criteria. Simulations have been performed on a three-echelon supply chain in order to test the algorithm effectiveness, either in case of stable but stochastic demand or in case of sudden surges.
Analysis and Optimization of Rear Occupant Safety in Car Head-On Collision
Authors: Hong Liang , Ge Ru Hai , Wu Yun Teng
Published: June 2013

The MADYMO simulation model of the rear occupant restraint system based a current car model was constructed, researching the influence of the rear seat cushion stiffness and cushion angle with the floor, the 3-point seatbelt webbing stiffness and retractor locking feature on rear-seat passenger safety in the head-on collision. Thereafter, the entire rear occupant restraint system was optimised. The result shows when the rear seat cushion stiffness is 30N/mm, the cushion angle is 25°, the safety belt stiffness is 11% and the webbing output after the retractor locks is 30mm, rear occupant would obtain the optimum protection.
Study on Evolution of River Bed and Flood Prediction at Lanzhou Section of Yellow River
Authors: Li Jian Lin , Han Le , Zhang Hong Yun
Published: June 2013

Yellow River through Lanzhou city, so flood prevention is a very important for Lanzhou city. On the basis of the hydrologic data from 1951 to 2011 year, using river engineering model experiment, design flows and design flood hydrograph of Lanzhou section of Yellow River was simulated. On the basis of the hydrologic data from 1951 to 2011 year, evolution of river bed at Lanzhou section of Yellow River was analyzed. Sedimentation has been increasing slowly since 60 years. By the river engineering model experiments, a river-dredging plan, river width is planned 300 m, had been put forwarded. And the design flood level and water surface profile in different design flood (5600 m3/s,6500 m3/s,7920 m3/s,8350 m3/s) of Lanzhou section are gotten. It is forecast that occurrence of deluge is possible.
Analysis of Indoor Air Quality for the Split-Type Air Conditioner with Air Change Function in an Office Environment
Authors: Wu Yu Lieh , Kuo Yung Zhi , Liu Yung Lung , Chen Huei Chu , Cheng Yung Jen , Yen Hung Cheng
Published: June 2013

As Taiwan is located in subtropical zone, it has a high temperature and high humidity climate, and the mean annual relative humidity is higher than 70%. Therefore, the air conditioning products are daily necessities. The split-type air conditioner was used extensive. However, as limited to its mechanical structure, most of split-type air conditioners lack the air change function, so that the air quality in the air conditioned space declines. At present, the split-type air conditioner with air change function has been developed and commercialized. This paper attempts to experiment tested the air conditioner in an office work environment, and measured the concentration of CO2 under different conditions, so as to validate the fitness of this equipment in office work environment. It is found that after two hours, the CO2 concentration have been over 2600 ppm in the office without outdoor air inlet. The split-type air conditioner with air change function can reduce the CO2 concentration and accumulate, the indoor CO2 concentration can maintain 500 ppm when one person within office environment.
A New Testability Optimization Allocation Approach
Authors: Liu Gang , Li Fang
Published: June 2013

This paper describes a methodology based on improved genetic algorithms (GA) and experiments plan to optimize the testability allocation. Test resources were reasonably configured for testability optimization allocation, in order to meet the testability allocation requirements and resource constraints. The optimal solution was not easy to solve of general genetic algorithm, and the initial parameter value was not easy to set up and other defects. So in order to more efficiently test and optimize the allocation, migration technology was introduced in the traditional genetic algorithm to optimize the iterative process, and initial parameters of algorithm could be adjusted by using AHP approach, consequently testability optimization allocation approach based on improved genetic algorithm was proposed. A numerical example is used to assess the method. and the examples show that this approach can quickly and efficiently to seek the optimal solution of testability optimization allocation problem.
Numerical Simulation on the Shape of Stamping Part about Hot Forming and Quenching
Authors: Wang Wei , Liu Yu , Wen Peng Fei , Tong Jun
Published: June 2013

With the application of ultra high strength steel in vehicle manufacturing field, the hot forming method which is used to form the high strength sheet at high temperature and cool rapidly in dies to obtain the final part has been studied extensively. In this paper, The FE model that contained thermal mechanical-microstructure and strain model represented by a mixture law for hot forming was discussed, and further been applied to hot forming and quenching process simulation of 22MnB5 metal sheet of U-shape constant section part. The computed results of final part shape and hardness after cooled in air, in water without dies and cooled within dies were compared respectively.
Dynamic Analysis of New Garbage Container Transport Frame in Back-Loaded Condition
Authors: Guan Tian Min , Liu Xiao , Wu Li , Lei Lei
Published: June 2013

Aiming at the defects of the existing vertical type garbage transport frame, considering about the requirement of the garbage transfer station, the design scheme of a new turnover frame is put forward, and the motion relationship of the hydraulic cylinder is determined. The vehicle model is established by Pro/E software, and the back-loaded working condition of the frame is analyzed by the ADAMS/VIEW in order to verify the operation stability. The analysis results provide a reliable basis for the frame design of the garbage transfer vehicle.
Inverse Frequency Problem of Discrete System of Symmerty Beam with Two Fixed Ends
Authors: He Min , Liu Quan Jin , Wang Qi Shen
Published: June 2013

This paper discussed some properties of the discrete system of the Eulers beam in vibration, which geometrical, physical parameters and supporting forms at both ends are symmetry about the midpoint of the span. On this foundation the inverse frequency problem based on the beam with both fixed-ends is raised and solved, i.e. given a set of frequency spectrum of the beam with both fixed-ends and other n positive number satisfying the interlace relation as following:
the discrete system of the above symmetry beam fixed at both ends could be constructed, and would be the natural frequency of the fixed-free half-beam which is cut off from the midpoint of the beam fixed at both ends.
Review of Loads Transfer Laws and their Applications in Artillery
Authors: Xiao Hui , Yang Guo Lai , Wang Peng
Published: June 2013

In terms of the requirements of lightweight design, high reliability and long life for dynamic systems, especially heavy machinery and artillery, the methods to achieve the law of loads transfer path were studied based on some history and latest related research. So far, there is no systematic ways to research that in dynamic system, especially in artillery with instantaneous and strong impact load. This paper elaborated the application prospect of loads transfer law in artillery, discussed the main possible methods in research of artillery emission loads transfer laws. Those are topology optimization based on finite element, Multi-body dynamics, and method of vibration load transfer path analysis method. Through simulation and experiments those can be verified their correctness and effectiveness. This article is to find some feasible methods to achieve optimal load-carry structure, so as to improve its tactical and technical performance, especially the mobility, firing accuracy and shooting stability, and it has certain guiding or referenced significance for future related research.
Effect of Different Silica Source on NaA Nanocrystal
Authors: Bai Pu , Liu Yan Na , Zhang Zhao Shu , Sun Yan Lin
Published: June 2013

Effect of different silica source on the products of NaA nanocrystal was studied. The crystallinity, Si/Al and morphology of samples were characterized by XRD, EDX and SEM. The results showed that the samples using different silica sources have significant difference. The sample using silica sol as silica source have a better crystallinity with Si/Al ratio 1.37 and the particle size were between 100 to 500nm; The sample using TEOS as silica source have a less crystallinity with Si/Al ratio 1.15 and the particle size were between 50 to 120nm.
Fast and Simple Fabrication of RGO/Ag Nanocomposite with Homogenous Dispersion
Authors: Jiang Xiao Juan , Luo Guo Qiang , Li Mei Juan , Shen Qiang , Zhang Lian Meng
Published: June 2013

The RGO/Ag nanocomposite with a homogeneous dispersion of Ag on the surface of RGO has been successfully prepared via situ chemical reduction method using DMF (dimethylformamide) as solvent and reducing agent. The RGO/Ag nanocomposite was characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra, Fieldemission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). It is suggested that in the presence of the PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone), the electrostatic attraction of Ag+ions with negative GO sheets lead to the decoration of Ag nanoparticles on the surface of RGO sheets in RGO/Ag nanocomposite.
Synthesis of AgCl Nanoparticles in W/O Microemulsion and Study of AgCl/Poly(GMA-co-MMA-co-AMPS) Copolymer Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Membranes
Authors: Wang Ting , Wu Li Guang , Jiang Zeng
Published: June 2013

AgCl Nanoparticles were synthesized in the W/O microemulsion using 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid as a surfactant, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)/ methacrylate (MMA) mixtures as an oil phase. Then, AgCl/poly (GMA-MMA-AMPS) copolymer organic-inorganic hybrid membranes were prepared by in-situ microemulsion polymerization for separation of benzene/cyclohexane mixture. The effect of concentration of surfactant (CAMPS) and salt (NaCl and AgNO3) on the morphology of AgCl nanoparticles was studied by TEM. The results showed that the sizes of AgCl nanoparticles increased with salt concentration. AgCl nanoparticles maintained well dispersion in AgCl/poly (GMA-MMA-AMPS) copolymer organic-inorganic hybrid membranes. The hybrid membrane demonstrated good separation performance for benzene/cyclohexane mixtures.
Application of BP Neural Network Controller on Inverted Pendulum
Authors: Cheng Huan Xin , Zhang Dao Sheng , Cheng Li
Published: June 2013

The traditional PID control, which is based on linearization, is often hard to obtain the optimal control effect on such nonlinear, multiple-output, strongly coupled systems like inverted pendulum. To solve the problem above, the BP neural network controller was developed for inverted pendulum. On the basis of establishing and analyzing the mathematical model of single inverted-pendulum, this paper established the state space expression, and then designed a neural network control system based on BP algorithm. The simulation was researched by Matlab and the running results show that this control has good robustness and can achieve satisfactory control effect.
Synthesis and Microstructure Study of Polycarboxylated Superplasticizer with Different Carboxylic Group Content
Authors: Peng Xiong Yi , Xia Ming Gui
Published: June 2013

Polycarboxylate-type superplasticizers (PCs) with different carboxylic group content and the same degree of polymerization are synthesized. Their microstructures are studied by fluorescent probe technique, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The method of fluorescence probe confirms that there is the formation of hydrophobic microenvironment in PC solution, and PC with low carboxylic group content produces a stronger hydrophobic microenvironment than PC with high carboxylic group content. The DLS and TEM studies find that Z-Average diameters of aggregation produced by PC with low carboxylic group content is larger than that of aggregation produced by PC with high carboxylic group content. In addition, the shape of aggregation is not regular sphere. The reason for this is that association interaction of hydrogen bonding may occur among PC molecules or in the interior of single PC molecule.
Influence of Crystal Structure on the Magnetic Percolation Threshold in Ultrathin Films
Authors: Afremov Leonid , Kirienko Yury
Published: June 2013

Abstract. In this paper, we modelled the phase transition between ferromagnetic and paramagneticstates in ultrathin films of different crystal structure near the percolation transition. Properties of ultrathinfilms have been studied within the framework of Ising model and the method of random-fieldinteraction. It is shown that the critical concentration of such phase transition depends on the symmetryof crystal lattice of the material. The increase in the film thickness leads to a decrease of the criticalconcentration up to a value of the percolation threshold of a massive sample of the correspondingcrystal structure.
A Study of Technical and Economic Analysis to Energy-Saving Glass of Construction in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone
Authors: Gan Xue Hong , Huang Shui Liang , Liu Shi Mei
Published: June 2013

In hot summer and cold winter zone, engineers and designers are always plagued by the rational use of energy-saving glass combining with practical engineering. Scientific selection of energy-saving glass has important theoretical and engineering significance for building energy saving In this study, glass comprehensive index was established, technical and economic factors of glass were considered altogether. The comprehensive indexes of different energy-saving glasses were calculated and the evaluation analyses of energy-saving glasses were done. For the first time, research results show that mid-hollow Low-E glass has maximum energy efficiency under the present technical and economic conditions and vacuum glass has wide application prospect in the future. The conclusions of the study are in good agreement with engineering practice.
Empirical Regressive Model of Thermal Conductivity Coefficients on a Kind of Compound Rubber Material
Authors: Xu Shi Meng , Du Jian Hua , Liu Jun Hong
Published: June 2013

Based on statistical structure equation models, and regressive methods, an empirical regressive model of thermal conductivity coefficients on a kind of compound rubber material added 4 kinds of filler was given in this paper. Meanwhile, the statistical test and error analysis of the empirical regressive model were taken according to data from adding experiment. Thus, in some relatively valuable categories, both the fair and effective on the empirical regressive model were tested. Furthermore, owing to the duplicate experiment data in addition, and refraining from the complex and arduous theory analysis on compound rubber material, the empirical regressive model proposed by this paper owns the some guiding meanings of the practical and popularizing on the patterns of thermal conductivity coefficients of new-typing compound rubber material.
Reloading Stress Relaxation Behavior Analysis Based on a Creep Model for High Temperature Bolting Steel
Authors: Zhang Wei Wei , Xu Hong , Li Hong Yuan
Published: June 2013

An analytical method based on a creep model is being developed to investigate the effect of retightening on stress relaxation behavior for high-temperature turbine and valve studs/bolts. In order to validate the approach, the calculated results are compared to the results of uniaxial reloading stress relaxation testing, which were performed by the National Research Institute for Metals of Japan (NRIM) for 12Cr-1Mo-1W-1/4V stainless steel bolting material at 550°C. It was shown that the proposed model based on Altenbach-Gorash-Naumenko creep model for the primary and steady state creep could be applied for the present data. The calculated residual stresses versus time curves were in good agreement with the measured for initial stress level of 273.6MPa at 550°C and for specific reloading time intervals of 24, 72, 240, and 720 hours.
The Influence of the Dimension of Central Tube on Shell-Side Performance of Continuous Helical Baffle Heat Exchanger
Authors: Wang Kun , Du Wen Jing , Ji Shui , Cheng Lin
Published: June 2013

Limited by manufacturing technology, there have to be a central tube designed at the center shaft position of CHBSTHX. In this paper, the influence of dimension of central tube on the shell-side performance of the heat exchanger is investigated by means of CFD. Research presents that the pressure drop is greater in central area than that in perimeter zone; the dimension of central tube influences heat transfer and pressure drop limitedly, similar fluid condition provides similar shell-side performance of heat transfer and pressure drop respectively regardless of the dimension of central tube; larger dimension of central tube brings greater drop of the integrated performance of heat exchanger, in the designed dimension, about 3%~4% of integrated performance drop follows the dimension of the central tube increases step by step.