bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol using an efficient Pd nanoparticles
Authors: Chatterjee Sujit , Chakraborty Malay , Bera Kamal Kanti , Mahajan Ankita , Banik Senjuti , Roy Partha Sarathi , Bhattacharya Swapan Kumar
Published: February 2021

Highly stable catalytically active polyvinyl alcohol supported Pd nanoparticles (Pd NPs) are synthesized and used as catalysts in reduction of 4-nitrophenol in aqueous phase by sodium borohydride as reducing agent. The as—synthesized Pd NPs are characterized with the help of UV—vis. absorption spectroscopy, X—ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TEM and high resolution TEM images reveal that the synthesized Pd NPs are mostly global shaped with mean radius of c.a. 2.1 nm. The progress of the reaction is conveniently monitored by UV—vis. spectroscopy. The rate constant of the pseudo—first—order reaction increases with temperature up to 318 K. The rate constant and the activation energy for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by using Pd nanoparticles were found as 0.013 s−1 and 14.12 kJ mol−1 respectively at 318 K. The as-prepared Pd NPs are stable, easy to prepare, cost effective and have significant efficiency for reduction of 4—nitrophenol in green protocol.
AI SHOPPING SOLUTION - The Smartest All-in-One Shopping Solution
Authors: Paul Soumyojit , Mahapatra Pritam , Banerjee Maheswar , Nandi Tapas Kumar
Published: February 2021

In today’s world, purchasing and shopping at supermarkets and malls are becoming part and parcel of urban life. We notice the huge rush in the markets and malls on holiday as well as in the weekends. The problem occurs at the customer end to find their likely products and to pay the bills standing at long queue; both of these are time consuming and tiring. In this paper, we discuss about an all new complete AI (Artificial Intelligence) SHOPPING SOLUTION which will make our marketing experience completely smart and hassle free. Especially during and after the COVID-19 situation, social distancing and human health will become the foremost priority of the modern civilization. This is the ideal situation to make use of this all new technology in which the customer can purchase his/her needful products at one’s fingertips by visiting the nearby market or getting the things delivered comfortably to his/her place by self-sanitizing drones. This entire shopping system will be controlled by our own indigenous developed mobile app or website.
Creating Edge Element from Four Node Quadrilateral Element
Authors: Kamireddy Durgarao , Nandy Arup
Published: February 2021

When nodal based FEM is applied to vector field problems, some spurious eigen values appears. This can be avoided by adopting edge based FEM in the formulation. A separate conversion algorithm is used which takes the nodal information of quadrilateral element as input. Edge element is created from four node quadrilateral element to solve the 2D eigen value problem.
Design and kinematics of a 3-DOF compliant triglide micromanipulator
Authors: Mishra Suraj Kumar , Kumar C S
Published: February 2021

This paper proposes a novel 3-degrees of freedom (DOF) compliant parallel micromanipulator. The design of the mechanism is based on triglide parallel manipulator. The compliant version of the triglide is prepared by making use of flexure joints. Displacement amplifiers are incorporated in the design to increase range of motions. The pseudo-rigid-body modeling technique is then used to formulate and solve the inverse kinematic problem for the design. To check the correctness and accuracy of the analytical kinematic model FEA simulations are performed in Abaqus-6.14 environment. Simulation results reveal that the proposed micromanipulator can perform different motions very effectively. Additionally, it is found that results predicted by the analytical model conform very closely to the simulation outcomes. The errors are very low, and the motions involve negligible parasitic motions.
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Developed Graphite-reinforced- Aluminium Metal Based Composites
Authors: Debnath Sourav , Pramanick Akshay Kumar
Published: February 2021

Aluminium metal matrix composites have developed for its attractive properties and performances. Graphite- reinforced- aluminium composites have developed with varying the volume percentage (vol. %) of reinforcement, typical variations of graphite have conducted from 2.28 % to 13.19 %. Presence of different phases after sintering have specified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Surface morphology of each developed metal has studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) has computed from the measured hardness as per ASTM A 370-68 standards. Other mechanical properties like tensile strength and young’s modulus (also termed as modulus of elasticity) have found out and reported.
Tribological characterization of electroless Ni-P-Cu-TiO2coatings
Authors: Jana Anupam , Roy Supriyo , Mishra Bal Mukund , Bose Goutama Kumar
Published: February 2021

Present research work aims to describe the deposition of electroless quaternary Ni-P-Cu-TiO2coating on mild steel substrate and its tribological characterization. Energy dispersive x-ray analysis confirms the presence of all four elements within the coating. Tribo-testing at different sliding velocity revealed wear depth is high but stable at high sliding velocity whereas the coefficient of friction increased linearly with sliding velocity.
Effects of wall emissivity and fin blockage ratio on micro combustor performance
Authors: Qamareen Arees , Alam Shahood S , Ansari Mubashshir A
Published: February 2021

Combustion system design is a complex mechanism involving several physical mechanisms such as chemical reactions, fluid dynamics and heat transfer. At micro scale, short flow residence time adds further to the complexity. Enhancement of heat transfer to the outer surface of the combustor is desirable in several power generating systems. The present work focuses on this aspect by geometrical modification in the form of wall fin and observing the change in outer wall temperature level along with heat transfer rate for various wall surface emissivities and blockage ratio (BR) of wall fin. Lower surface emissivity and higher fin blockage ratio was found to give better combustor performance in terms of outer surface temperature.
Thermal convection in an inclined cavity under the influence of partial magnetic field
Authors: Maitra Shreyasi , Manna Nirmal K. , Mandal Dipak Kumar , Biswas Nirmalendu
Published: February 2021

This work is focused on the implication of a partial magnetic field on a square cavity heated isothermally at the bottom wall and cooled at the sidewalls. The top wall is insulated. The enclosure is filled with electrically conducting fluid. The coupled transport equations are solved numerically using a written computing code adopting FVM and SIMPLE algorithm applying specific boundary conditions. The analysis is carried out for different involved parameters like Rayleigh number (Ra), Hartmann number (Ha), and angle of inclination (γ). The results are illustrated using contours of streamline, isotherms, and heat transfer characteristics. It is found that the flow structure, the temperature distribution is severely affected by the above-mentioned parameters. The rate of heat transfer is significantly reduced with the increasing Ha.
DEVELOPMENT OF A THERMAL MODEL OF A SOLAR POWERED VAPOUR ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION SUPPORTED GREENHOUSE FOR STRAWBERRY CULTIVATION
Authors: Ghosh Subhadeep , Ganguly A.
Published: February 2021

In this paper, a novel scheme of a solar powered vapour absorption refrigeration supported greenhouse with indirect evaporative cooler has been proposed. The main objective of this work is to create a favorable microclimatic condition for strawberry cultivation inside the greenhouse for a country with sub-tropical climatic conditions like India when the ambient temperature and humidity are high. The maximum yield of strawberry is achieved for a temperature ranging between 15-25 °C with a relative humidity varying from 55 to 65%. It is quite impossible to achieve a favorable temperature range for strawberry cultivation in the greenhouse under such condition by using the existing greenhouse cooling techniques. A double effect parallel flow LiBr-H2O absorption cooling system along with an IDEC powered through solar energy has been used. A thermal model for the greenhouse has been developed and analyzed for the climatic condition of Kolkata, India. The study reveals that the proposed system can very well maintain a conducive climate for the growth of target plantation for the given location.
Numerical prediction of pressure drop for pneumatic conveying of air-fly ash mixture through pipeline.
Authors: Mishra Sudhanshu , Mishra Rahul , Ghanta K. C. , Mullick A. N. , Sinha S. L.
Published: February 2021

Many researchers are working in the field of pneumatic slurry transportation, where the rheological parameters involved in the flow. In the present work is a numerical simulation for the study of pressure drop of 30µm particle size of fly ash air mixture flow through a circular pipe was investigated through ANSYS Fluent. The present paper introduces a simplified 3-D Eulerian model along with RNG k-ε turbulent model. It was observed that the pressure drop was maximum for minimum mass flow rate of air and as the mass flow rate increases the pressure drop decreases and it becomes constant at a threshold mass flow rate for this particle size, which qualitatively matches with the experimental results observed by Bansal et al. (2013).
Effect of number of permanent magnetic poles on 3D printed coreless generator rotor
Authors: Herawan Safarudin Gazali , Syahputra Said Abi , Tokit Ernie Mat , Sa’at Fatimah Al-Zahra Mohd , Rosli Mohamad Afzanizam Mohd
Published: February 2021

3D-printed coreless generator using rotors with 4 poles permanent magnet and 8 poles permanent magnet as source of external magnetic field has been presented for energy harvesting applications. The prototype of proposed coreless generator is built using 3D-printer with Black Polylactic Acid (PLA) as a filament for stator housing, rotor and other parts. The major parts of the proposed coreless generator are the stator, which has four coils of winding copper wire and two rotors with four permanent magnet and eight permanent magnets which are arranging N and S magnet poles alternately. The prototype permanent magnet generator is tested with rotational speed and load condition. The experimental results have been shown that the coreless generator can generate It was found that 3D-printed coreless generator can generate electric energy up to 10300 mW for rotor with eight permanent magnets and 9000 mW for rotor with four permanent magnet at 5000 rpm, respectively.
Proposals on calculating the differential properties of concrete
Authors: Mailyan L R , Stel‘makh S A , Shcherban‘ E M , Korobkin A P , Efimenko E A
Published: February 2021

Background: The paper dwells upon calculating the differential structural properties of centrifugated and vibration-centrifugated concrete as a function of the manufacturing parameters. Methods: One finding is that different layers of centrifugated and vibration-centrifugated concrete are exposed to forces of varying magnitude, resulting in these layers differing significantly in density, strength, strain, and elastic modulus. Another finding is that it is the centrifugal and centripetal forces that are key factors to be applied as arguments in calculational dependencies. Thus, the versatile calculational dependencies that make adjustments for changes in the structural properties of concrete should use these properties or their increments as functions, and the rotation inertia forces as arguments, which are in turn a function of distance from the center of rotation and the angular rotation speed. Results: This research has thus produced calculational dependencies for differential adjustment for change in all the concrete properties that have to be invoked in calculation. Conclusions: Strength- and strain-related properties of concrete that vary depthwise (i.e. across the section) are applied in the calculation procedures for more accurate and complete utilization of the available load-carrying capacity of concrete elements.
The use of composite glass-fiber reinforcement (CGFR) in construction
Authors: Zakieva N I , Lapina A P
Published: February 2021

The article considers the use of composite glass-fiber reinforcement in construction. Its main advantages and disadvantages, installation technology, scope, comparison and some technical characteristics of the material are observed. The following conclusion is made: CGFR, in comparison with metal, wins in almost all points of comparative characteristics.
Transformation of the regional settlement system and the factors affecting the spatial development in the Ivanovo region
Authors: Chebotarev D V
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the settlement system transformation of the Ivanovo region in modern socio-economic, demographic, spatial and other conditions. The main factors causing impact on the spatial development transformation processes in the conditions of “shrinking” territories are identified on the analysis basis.
Cultural landscape in the sociospatial development strategy of a small town in Bashkortostan
Authors: Ishmukhametova K V , Baymuratova S H
Published: February 2021

This article examines the cultural landscape as a prerequisite for the socio-spatial strategy formation for the development of a small town in Bashkortostan. The authors of the article analyze the social, cultural contexts of small towns in the republic as the aspects of the city cultural landscape formation. Revealing the continuity of cultural, national and regional patterns of land use and management among the small towns’ residents, the authors of the article propose to consider the cultural landscape as an identity element of a small town. The article draws the conclusions about the need to use the patterns of the cultural landscape of a small town as the fundamental design frameworks for the new city spaces’ development. Following the general algorithms of urban strategizing, namely the identification of the city’s self-identity, the article proposes to use the characteristics of the cultural landscape as a semantic “core” of the small towns’ self-identification in Bashkortostan.
Modeling the dependence of the foam concrete structural quality coefficient on the speed and duration of mixing the foam concrete mixture
Authors: Pavlov A N , Mailyan L R , Stel’makh S A , Shcherban’ E M , Sysoev A K
Published: February 2021

Experimental studies of the technological factors’ influence on the physical and mechanical properties of foam concrete were carried out. Additive Portland cement was used as a binder. Finely ground quartz sand of fractions 0.08-0.16 and 0.16-0.315 mm was used as a filler. Protein foaming agent Arecom-4 was used as a foaming agent. The porization time of the aerated concrete mixture was controlled using a stopwatch, and the rotation speed of the vertical rotor mixer shaft was controlled with a digital photo-tachometer. In the experiments, the following factors were varied: mixture porization time, mixing speed. The main characteristics of foam concrete were determined by testing the prototypes or their fragments according to the methods of the relevant regulatory documents using verified equipment. In the research laboratory of the DSTU, the studies on the influence of the speed and duration of mixing the foam concrete mixture on the density, strength and coefficient of the resulting foam concrete structural quality were carried out. The article presents the experimental dependences of the investigated characteristics on the speed and time of mixing the foam concrete mixture. The parameters of density and strength show a monotonic decline during pore formation, while the structural quality coefficient exhibits its maximum. The behavior of density, strength, coefficient of structural quality can be described in a single model using the parameters that reflect bonds loosening, a general decrease in the number of bonds in the material and the bonds’ change spatial distribution.
Application of the software package in the improvement of floors made of hollow core slabs
Authors: Ovchinnikova S V , Schneider E M , Kukinova G V
Published: February 2021

An overview of the rationale for the unweighted hollow-core floor slabs use is given. The technological and design features of hollow-core floor slabs are considered. The possibilities of rational use of unweighted hollow-core floor slabs are presented. The calculation of monolithic floor slabs was carried out in the Lira software package on the basis of existing technologies, current standards and the methods for calculating the unweighted hollow-core slabs. The performance of floor slabs with spans equal in two directions is considered. It was found that regardless of the span of the floor slab, the effect of reducing its own weight exceeds the effect of reducing the section rigidity. The total deflection due to the own weight of the floor slab and the payload on it for the hollow core slabs is lower than for solid slabs of the same span. The use of unweighted monolithic slabs provides a reduction in the dead weight of the floor slab up to 35%. Reducing the load on the slab also provides a reduction in the reinforcing steel materials application rate. The use of unweighted monolithic floors by reducing the weight of structures and reducing their deflections will significantly optimize the structural schemes of buildings. The performed numerical experiment makes it possible to establish the boundaries of the effectiveness of the unweighted hollow-core monolithic floor slabs‘ use, upon reaching which the use turns out to be significantly more profitable than the use of traditional beamless floors.
Scheme of the planning organization of the land plot” section development based on information modeling
Authors: Zheleznov M M , Rybakova A O
Published: February 2021

Improving the design efficiency of capital construction projects is one of the promising areas for the science and production development. Today, innovative methods exist and are being developed for rationalization at all stages of construction production. During the design phase, there are certain parts which work needs modernization. Section No. 2 of the project documentation “Scheme of the planning organization of the land plot” was not subjected to automated influence and its design has been carried out in an exclusively conservative way for a long period of time. With the development of design automation tools, including information modeling technologies, new prospects for work and overall rationalization have become opened up for developers. The aim of the work is to analyze the existing methods of computer-aided design for the section “Scheme of the planning organization of the land plot” and their prospects, and the task is to determine the methodology for information modeling, taking into account the existing tools, software systems and the requirements of the legislation in the Russian Federation. This article outlines the features of the automated development in the section, the relationship between the software functionality and the specifics of projects, as well as the prospects for the development and integration of information modeling technologies in the field of land plots organization and planning.
Development of technological measures to ensure the safety of production facilities in petrochemical industry
Authors: Adamyan V L , Sergeeva G A , Seferyan L A , Gorlova N Y
Published: February 2021

This article, using the example of the production of methane oxidative ammonolysis, discusses the problems of safe process control. This is achieved by a set of precautionary measures. The industrial safety plan prevents one of the causes of technological equipment depressurization. The production of hydrocyanic acid by oxidative ammonolysis of methane is considered, in which, to prevent the vapor-gas mixture formation, it is necessary to ensure complete sealing of the apparatus in which the combustible substance is stored, and also to maintain the pressure in the apparatus equal to the design pressure.

A number of technical solutions, with the help of which it is possible to ensure the operation of devices with ammonia without the formation of explosive concentrations in them, are presented. These include: the presence of a mixture of combustible gas with an oxidizing agent with a working concentration in the apparatus above the upper or lower ignition limits, taking into account the safety margin; a system for supplying a non-combustible gas having a phlegmatizing property to the reaction zone; automatic regulators of the oxidizing agent and reducing agent ratio, as well as gas pressure regulators; protection against atmospheric and static electricity; automatic shutdown of the pipeline as a result of automatic shutoff of the valve; stationary gas analyzers that automatically signal a deviation from the norm.
Optimal ways to develop ecological and energy-efficient construction
Authors: Ovchinnikova S V , Kalinichenko A Yu , Lyamina A A , Schneider E M
Published: February 2021

The construction industry has a significant impact on our environment. When erecting buildings and structures, building materials, energy, water and other resources, the production of which violates the ecological balance, are used. The construction process itself has also negative effect on environment and the nearby objects with noise, vibration exposure, waste incineration, groundwater and soil pollution in general. However, the time period required for the construction of the building is insignificant compared to the period of operation. Experts estimate the service life of modern monolithic buildings at 125 - 150 years, and in some cases this index reaches 300 years. During this time, a new problem arises - the ecological balance violation: insufficient insolation, changes in natural wind flows, hydrogeology, vegetation reduction, soil and vegetation layer pollution, air masses stagnation, etc. All this creates the prerequisites for the creation of special environmental protection measures aimed at maintaining ecological balance. Thus, at each stage of the life cycle of a building, it is necessary to carry out the measures to protect the environment and minimize harmful effects on the environment. Today the prerequisites for the green building development are being laid in Russia. The main idea is to reduce energy intensity and increase energy efficiency in construction.
To the problem of determination the aerodynamic resistance coefficient value to the swirled dust and gas flow in the air ducts of engineering and environmental systems
Authors: Borovkov D P , Chicherov K O
Published: February 2021

The experimental studies‘ results of the aerodynamic drag of a swirling dust and gas flow passing through a network of air ducts of engineering and environmental systems are presented. The limits of the method applicability for determining the aerodynamic resistance coefficient of a gas-dust swirling flow passing in a round aspiration duct, without taking into account the solid phase presence in it, have been determined.
Automated transport and storage systems for road transport companies
Authors: Marchenko E V , Marchenko Ju V , Popov S I , Kuren S G , Marchenko I V
Published: February 2021

The technologies of automated transport and storage systems‘ work for motor transport enterprises, placement, storage and parts release from the warehouse, as well as labor organization in the warehouse are considered. The calculation and design of the warehouse is given.
Modeling the stability of horizontal generations worked in parallel to the front of a uniform slope
Authors: Bogomolova O A , Zhidelev A V , Ivanova P V
Published: February 2021

Improvement of modern urban infrastructure, expansion of transport networks, creation of innovative engineering communications – as well as other circumstances stimulate the development of underground construction, both in our country and abroad. Like any underground structure, it should have the ability not to collapse when exposed to external loads. For the successful operation of such structures throughout their entire service life, it is necessary to constantly assess the influence degree of all factors’ totality, one way or another, affect its strength. The task, the purpose of which is to conduct the experimental studies on models made of equivalent materials to assess the geometric parameters’ influence of the “slope – underground working space” system on the stability of the latter, has been set. Geometric parameters mean the shape of the underground working space cross-section and its position in the soil massif: the shape of the underground working space cross-section is round and semi-elliptical; the underground working spaces’ bottom is at the level of the slope bottom, the underground working space position is determined by the shortest distance from the transition point of the bottom to the slope to the vertical axis of the cross-section symmetry. The criterion for long-term stability is a criterion, the qualitative feature of which is the absence of inelastic (plastic) deformation zones on the development contours, and the quantitative indicator is the value of the reduced pressure of connectivity σcon. As a result of model experiments, safe distances d were determined, on which underground working spaces should be located in the near-slope area so that the stability of the “slope - underground working space” system is ensured. It turned out that these distances for underground working spaces of both circular and semi-elliptical cross-section are practically the same, that is, the underground working spaces of such a cross-section, all other sections being equal, were equally stable. Practical coincidence of the model experiments’ results and numerical finite element analysis, calculations, allows us to speak about the experimental data reliability.
Improving the methodology of organizing the parking process in large cities of the world
Authors: Sekisov Aleksandr , Ivanov Leonid , Begiashvili Alexander
Published: February 2021

It has not been more than a century since cars became a global phenomenon, and the possibility of unobstructed parking has gone from being a worry-free situation to a big problem. At first, it was not considered an important matter, then it was a topic for discussion, and later most of the parking lots became an object of commercial and logistic interest, an object of profit by any means, even to the human environment detriment [7, 8, 13]. Currently, the ability to own and dispose a parking slot is perceived by the subjects of public and economic relations as a significant advantage, and often even more significant than the possession of a vehicle. In different states, the evolution stages of this issue were uneven, but in general the trends were the same - an increase in the number of parking zones and an increase in their capitalization.
Programs implementation prospects for the large city territories development in Russia: institutional aspect
Authors: Bachurinskaya I A , Vasileva N V , Maksimov S N , Yudenko M N
Published: February 2021

The article shows that the development of large cities as centers and locomotives of economic growth requires efficient use of urban areas, ensuring their sustainable and balanced development. This necessitates improving the institutional framework and methodology for spatial planning. The authors note that the functioning of the institutions on which the rational land use in large cities depends does not meet modern requirements, primarily in the field of integrated sustainable territorial development (ISTD). The article analyzes the experience of St. Petersburg in the urban areas‘ development aspect, which made it possible to identify the main problems, including the lack of public consensus on the choice of territories for the programs‘ implementation. ISTD and insufficiently active participation of the city in the implementation of these programs, especially in terms of engineering infrastructure Preparation. Analysis of literature and practice in the study area showed the need to improve the mechanism for the formation and implementation of programs for the territorial development in large cities, the development of real estate market institutions, rules and regulations related to ISTD. The article presents the recommendations of the authors, to a certain extent filling the existing gaps. The author‘s definition of the “depressed territory” concept is proposed (to solve the problem of choosing the territories for ISTD), substantiated the need to form a unified city program for ISTD project development with their introduction into the General Plan of the city development, as well as the use of the economic-spatial model of the developed territory to determine the possible effect of its development and the costs necessary to obtain it. The article proposes a unified methodological basis for the territorial development programs‘ formation and implementation. The recommended methodological approach is aimed at improving the analysis and assessment quality oof development programs for the territories in a megapolis, at ensuring the effective use of urban land.
Comparative analysis of thermophysical characteristics for screen insulation and building heat-insulating materials
Authors: Lepilov V I , Usadskiy D G , Kovylin A V
Published: February 2021

Methods for calculating massive screen insulation consisting of metal sheets with sufficient volumetric heat capacity and air layers are presented. The comparison of the thermophysical characteristics of a massive screen system with the steel screens with building thermal insulation materials is given.
An approach for automatization of geotechnical monitoring in cryolithozone
Authors: Alekseev A , Shilova L , Mefedov E
Published: February 2021

The article presents an analysis of publications in the field of research devoted to the problems associated with the construction of buildings and structures in areas of permafrost soils, which belong to the cryolithozone. At the same time, the analysis of the research works made it possible to conclude that currently the data obtained because of monitoring, as a rule, are processed manually. In the article the process of geotechnical monitoring is presented in the form of a generalized diagram, from which a sufficiently large array of data is collected during the process of geotechnical monitoring. According to this information graphs of changes in the movement of the building foundations in time and graphs of thermometric observations of the soil massif, etc. are made. That fact justifies the need of automatization of the collection and processing of geotechnical monitoring data. The article presents an approach for automatization of geotechnical monitoring. Systematization of the geotechnical monitoring data and ensuring the operation of equipment synchronously in an automated mode will provide the timely notification of stakeholders about the identified deviations of the controlled parameters and reduce risks and avoid accidents.
Assessment of the concentration and properties of dust in emissions into atmospheric air from the sources of the workshop for the aerated concrete structures production
Authors: Kondratenko T O , Lapina A P
Published: February 2021

Improving the environmental safety of manufacturing enterprises in construction industry remains an urgent task today. The need to expand the research in this area is dictated by a wide range of industrial enterprises, a range of products, as well as the varieties of bulk raw materials used in the manufacturing process. Exceeding the maximum permissible values for the content of fine dust PM10 and PM2,5 in the atmospheric air, both on the territory of industrial sites and on the borders of sanitary protection zones, is due to the ineffective operation of the existing dust cleaning systems. Analysis of the dispersed composition of dust in emissions from the construction industry, as well as the study of dust properties depending on the type of enterprise, raw materials used, the characteristics of technological operations, are the basis for the development of measures optimal for a particular production to reduce dust emissions, improve the environmental situation in general.
Geotechnical and architectural studies of the territory in the water protection zone of the Temernik River at the pre-design analysis stage
Authors: Zolotareva L A , Komarova S E , Shesternina D I , Khansivarova N M
Published: February 2021

The article describes the application of an integrated systematic approach to the organization of surveys at the architectural spatial environment pre-design studies stage in the water protection zone of the Temernik River. The authors propose to use the geological portal “Geobaza” when conducting engineering surveys on the territory to increase the economic feasibility of the developed architectural project and reduce the time for the pre-project engineering studies’ execution.
Features of the earthquakes’ manifestation intensity formation in mountainous areas
Authors: Zaalishvili V B
Published: February 2021

Analysis of the destructive earthquakes‘ consequences engineering macro-seismic survey data shows that the earthquakes manifestation degree is in close correlation with the peculiarities of geomorphological conditions. Moreover, this dependence is not of a simple character: there is a clearly expressed multifactorial nature of correlations. The work shows that the earthquakes intensity is determined not only by the relief slope magnitude, but also by the specific location of the site in the mountain range hierarchy. The results of the experimental studies analysis (field and laboratory experiments) are presented. It is noted that from a physical point of view, the relief has a certain potential energy. To estimate the indicated energy, a phenomenological indicator was introduced in the form of the so-called “relief factor”, which is the product of the relief inclination angle by the corresponding height. It is noted that upon reaching the value R=650 (degrees m) the intensity increment is one point. The use of a new relief parameter, which makes it possible to fully take into account the specific conditions of the location of the investigated area, increases the establishment validity of the mechanisms for the earthquake intensity formation in mountainous regions.
Accounting for nonlinear soil properties in the computational method of seismic microzoning
Authors: Zaalishvili V B
Published: February 2021

The paper notes that in recent years, attention to the study of nonlinear phenomena in engineering seismology has sharply increased. The problem of accounting for nonlinear phenomena can be solved using instrumental and computational studies, as well as collaterally. In the latter case, the possible level of soil nonlinearity is estimated using the instrumental method, then the possible features of soil movements are calculated numerically. An algorithm for taking into account the nonlinearity of soils when calculating vibrations of the soil strata under intense seismic influences is proposed. The algorithm was developed on the basis of the known empirical relationships between the soil types and their indicators. The number of plasticity was chosen as an indicator of the soil type. Additionally, the necessary criteria and refinements have been introduced to correctly take into account the normal stress and calculate the deformation. The value of the shear wave propagation velocity in the soil, closely related to the physical state of the soil, is considered as a modulated indicator. The way of using the proposed algorithm for the method developed on the basis of the multiple-reflected waves theory and the method developed on the FEM basis is shown.
The effectiveness of the dust particles of the flask in the apparatus of counter-swirling flows
Authors: Sakharova A A , Sorokin A Yu , Azarov D V , Lupinogin V V
Published: February 2021

In this research was studied gathering efficiency and breakthrough of flask dust particles in industrial plants. The experiments were carried out on devices with counter swirling flows with various modifications and diameters of 150, 400, 600, and 800 mm. Analyzed and graphically presented the dependences of particle breakthrough on tghe devices size. The breakthrough effect in small inertial VZP devices was investigated, also the construction of VZP device was designed and experimentaly tested under operating conditions in terms of productivity and energy losses close to standard devices, but excluding the breakthrough effect of larger particles. Recommendations are given for the device usage on counter swirling flows with the best characteristics for capturing flask dust particles.
The forecast accumulation in vegetative and generative organs of black currants and plum with 90Sr its location on the surface of the soil
Authors: Gorodnichaya A , Glinyanova I
Published: February 2021

As a result of field studies, experimental material on the accumulation of 90Sr in vegetative and generative organs of black currant and cherry plum in the link of the trophic chain «soil-plant» was obtained. Coefficients of transition (CT) from soil to bark, wood, leaves and fruits of black currant and coefficients of transition from soil to bark, wood, leaves and fruits of cherry plum which will allow to make the forecast of accumulation of radionuclide at any known density of pollution of the soil in the conditions of Krasnodar region on the studied soils are defined.
Improved osteogenesis of human adipose-derived stromal cells on hydroxyapatite-mineralized graphene film
Authors: Park Seong Chae , Yang Woo Sub , Ahn Ji Yeon , Park Jong Bo , Lee Jong-Hwan , Jung Youngjin , Kim Hwa Rang , Kim Ji Yoon , Lim Jeong Mook , Hong Byung Hee
Published: February 2021

This study investigated whether hydroxyapatite (HAp)-mineralized graphene (GR) film could support osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived, stromal cell (hASCs) in vitro. GR was produced by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method and the physical and chemical characteristics of the GR film, which was functionalized with HAp mineralization following ultraviolet-ozone (GR_UVO) treatment, were subsequently validated. Results of scanning electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy showed GR_UVO for 5 min yielded applicable GR coverage (97.98 ± 0.85%), conversion of chemical composition ratio (29.78% C–O, 18.34% C=O and 8.49% O–C=O) and degree of oxidation, (I
2D/I
G ratios 2.22) with maximal density of HAp-GR layer. In vitro-cell proliferation, viability and adhesion of hASCs after being cultured on HAp-mineralized, GR-coated glass (HAp/GR) with the optimized GR_UVO treatment (5 min) demonstrated a significant increment of proliferation (1.56 ± 0.1 vs 1–1.13 ± 0.1, p< 0.05) without changing in viability (94.83 ± 1% to 95.3 ± 1.6%, p= 0.9651) compared with the control (intact glass). There were no differences in F-actin and vinculin on day 1 (p= 0.1422 and 0.5025, respectively) and on day 4 (p= 0.3787 and 0.9208) of culture. Osteogenic differentiation of hASCs was significantly improved on the HAp/GR with increasing of osteogenesis-related genes (Runx2 and Osteocalcin). The hASCs culture with the HAp/GR glass promoted phospho-SMAD1/5/9 and SMAD4 expression with increased patterns of BMP/Smad signal-related genes, regardless of differentiation induction or not. These results demonstrated that HAp-mineralized GR film prepared by CVD method and optimal ultraviolet treatment promoted osteogenic differentiation of hASCs, which BMP/Smad signaling was involved.
Intramolecular interactions in a target specific anti-tumor nanodrug: a theoretical study
Authors: Dwivedi Manoj Kumar
Published: February 2021

Through this authoritative report, an application of fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method on a functionalized carbon nanotube (CNT) has been proposed. A targeted anti-tumor nanodrug, based on CNT that converges towards cancerous cells, has been innovated in this regard. The anticancer drug cisplatin and the target selector arginine-aspartate-glycine acid (RGD) have been attached via poly ethylene glycol (PEG) on CNT. This nanodrug has been divided into 12 fragments including CNT as one of them. General atomic molecular electronic structure system (GAMESS), an ab initio package, has been used for calculations. The contributions of various fragments have been discussed in terms of inter-fragment interactions. Results indicate that the CNT shares the important role in stabilizing the different parts of its derivatives. In addition, this report proves CNT as a fragment for FMO method.
Polishing and planarization of single crystal diamonds: state-of-the-art and perspectives
Authors: Luo Hu , Ajmal Khan Muhammad , Liu Wang , Yamamura Kazuya , Deng Hui
Published: February 2021

Diamond is a promising material for the modern industry. It is widely used in different applications, such as cutting tools, optical windows, heat dissipation, and semiconductors. However, these application areas require exceptionally flattened and polished diamond surfaces. Unfortunately, due to the extreme hardness and chemical inertness of diamond, the polishing of diamond is challenging. Since the 1920s, various conventional and modern mechanical, chemical, and thermal polishing techniques have been proposed and developed for finishing diamond surfaces. Therefore, to impart proper guidance on selecting a good polishing technique for production practice, this paper presents an in-depth and informative literature survey of the current research and engineering developments regarding diamond polishing. At first, a brief review of the general developments and basic material removal principles is discussed. This review concludes with a detailed analysis of each techniques’ polishing performance and critical challenges, and a discussion of the new insights and future applications of diamond polishing.
The Modified Skate Flap: A New Technique for Nipple-Areola Complex Reconstruction in Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Pu Lee L Q , Song Ping
Published: February 2021

Nipple-areola complex (NAC) reconstruction is an important part of breast reconstruction. Although several techniques for NAC reconstruction have been described in the literature, the long-term outcomes after NAC reconstruction remain less satisfactory, especially following implant-based breast reconstruction. The authors reported their newly developed technique for NAC reconstruction in implant-based breast reconstruction. The authors describe their modified skate flap, by preserving more dermal tissues from the skate flap, for NAC reconstruction, following implant-based breast reconstruction. Additional derma-fat grafts, harvested from the full-thickness skin graft site, are also added to the reconstructed nipple to ensure long-term shape, size, and projection of the reconstructed nipple. A total of 30 patients underwent such a NAC reconstruction after successful implant-based breast reconstruction by the senior author. The minimum follow-up time was 1 year. No significant surgical complications have been observed in their series of 30 patients, and only a minor office procedure was performed subsequently in 6 patients (4 unilateral and 2 bilateral) to improve the shape of the reconstructed nipple. During a minimum of a 1-year follow-up period, outcomes with the authors’ technique in 30 patients are satisfactory; good size, shape, and projection of the reconstructed nipple are maintained. The long-term outcome of NAC reconstruction after implant-based breast reconstruction can be optimized with their modified skate flap by using all available flap tissue and with the addition of derma-fat grafts. The authors’ technique can be used safely for NAC reconstruction after implant-based breast reconstruction with good outcome and high patient satisfaction.
Development of a novel mouse model of diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis–related progressive bridging fibrosis
Authors: Ichimura-Shimizu Mayuko , Omagari Katsuhisa , Yamashita Michiko , Tsuneyama Koichi
Published: February 2021

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progresses to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Existing mouse models of NASH rarely develop diet-induced severe fibrosis. We aimed to establish a dietary model of NASH with rapid progression to fibrosis. Six-week-old male Tsumura-Suzuki obese diabetes (TSOD) mice (a model of spontaneous metabolic syndrome) and corresponding control Tsumura-Suzuki nonobese (TSNO) mice were fed a novel diet high in fat, cholesterol, and cholate (iHFC). Histologic steatohepatitis, including steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, were observed in both TSNO and TSOD iHFC diet–fed mice at 20 weeks of age. As compared with TSOD mice, TSNO mice developed much more severe fibrosis and reached stage 3 of bridging fibrosis within 14 weeks under the iHFC diet feeding. Perivenular/perisinusoidal pattern of fibrosis in TSNO mice resembled human NASH. Our model of NASH with advanced fibrosis by simple diet offers many advantages useful in studying the mechanism of liver fibrosis and preclinical drug testing.
Downregulation of the broad-specificity amino acid permease Agp1 mediated by the ubiquitin ligase Rsp5 and the arrestin-like protein Bul1 in yeast
Authors: Tanahashi Ryoya , Matsushita Tomonori , Nishimura Akira , Takagi Hiroshi
Published: February 2021

Most of plasma membrane transporters are downregulated by ubiquitination-dependent endocytosis to avoid the excess uptake of their substrates. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ubiquitination of transporters is mediated by the HECT-type ubiquitin ligase Rsp5. We report here a mechanism underlying the substrate-induced endocytosis of the broad-specificity amino acid permease Agp1. First, we found that Agp1 underwent ubiquitination and endocytosis in response to the addition of excess asparagine, which is a substrate of Agp1. Moreover, the substrate-induced internalization of Agp1 was dependent on the ubiquitination activity of Rsp5. Since Rsp5 requires α-arrestin family proteins as adaptors to bind with substrates, we next developed a method of genetic screening to identify adaptor proteins for Agp1 endocytosis. This screening and biochemical analysis revealed that Bul1, but not its paralogue Bul2, was essential for the substrate-induced endocytosis of Agp1. Our results support that the substrate-induced endocytosis of Agp1 requires Rsp5 and Bul1.
DeepDTAF: a deep learning method to predict protein–ligand binding affinity
Authors: Wang Kaili , Zhou Renyi , Li Yaohang , Li Min
Published: February 2021

Biomolecular recognition between ligand and protein plays an essential role in drug discovery and development. However, it is extremely time and resource consuming to determine the protein–ligand binding affinity by experiments. At present, many computational methods have been proposed to predict binding affinity, most of which usually require protein 3D structures that are not often available. Therefore, new methods that can fully take advantage of sequence-level features are greatly needed to predict protein–ligand binding affinity and accelerate the drug discovery process. We developed a novel deep learning approach, named DeepDTAF, to predict the protein–ligand binding affinity. DeepDTAF was constructed by integrating local and global contextual features. More specifically, the protein-binding pocket, which possesses some special properties for directly binding the ligand, was firstly used as the local input feature for protein–ligand binding affinity prediction. Furthermore, dilated convolution was used to capture multiscale long-range interactions. We compared DeepDTAF with the recent state-of-art methods and analyzed the effectiveness of different parts of our model, the significant accuracy improvement showed that DeepDTAF was a reliable tool for affinity prediction. The resource codes and data are available at https: //github.com/KailiWang1/DeepDTAF.