bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF RAMIPRIL MOUTH DISSOLVING FILMS
Authors: E Jasvanth , D Teja , B Mounika , Nalluri Buchi N
Published: May 2019

Objective: The present investigation was aimed at preparation and evaluation of mouth dissolving films (MDFs) of Ramipril to enhance patient convenience, compliance and to improve bioavailability.

Methods: MDFs with 0.5% w/w Ramipril were prepared by a solvent casting method using a wet film applicator. The effects of film formers, wetting/solubilizing, saliva stimulating agents and film modifiers on the physicomechanical and in vitro Ramipril release from MDFs were evaluated.

Results: The MDFs prepared were transparent, smooth and showed no re-crystallization upon storage. MDFs casted with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) E3 as film former and polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) as plasticizer showed superior Ramipril release rates and good physicomechanical properties when compared to MDFs with E5 and E15 as film formers. HPMC E3 MDFs with polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) and sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) gave superior drug release properties than MDFs without PVP K30 and SLS. The HPMC E3 MDFs with citric acid (CA) as saliva stimulating and xylitol as soothing agent gave significantly superior in vitro drug release than the MDFs without CA and xylitol. Release kinetics data reveals diffusion as a drug release mechanism.

Conclusion: From the obtained results, it can be concluded that the administration of Ramipril as MDF may provide a quick onset of action with enhanced oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.
MI-SPE, M-SPE AND M-SPD RECENT APPLICATION ON SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION FOR COMPOUND EXTRACTION OF COMPLEX MATRICES
Authors: Gopalan Sharimina venu , Hasanah Aliya Nur
Published: May 2019

Solid Phase Extraction is a method used for extraction, purification of compounds contained in complex matrices and purification of samples in the fields of industry, pharmacy, and toxicology analysis. This review represents the recent advances of solid phase extraction from different mode of separation which are the most commonly used in recent days such as molecular imprinting solid phase extraction (MISPE), magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) and matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD). In this review, the applications of MISPE in the analysis of agrochemicals such as herbicides, fungicides and insecticides are summarized. This review also states preparation of various magnetic composites (MSPE) based on graphene and its application as adsorbents in pre concentrating natural mixes, organic macromolecules. Besides this, this review summarizes the application of MSPD in biological, food, and environmental samples, including both organic and inorganic analyte.
VALIDATION AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF CARMINE AND RHODAMINE B IN LIPSTICK FORMULATION
Authors: NEVITASARI REYNA , Rohman Abdul , MARTONO SUDIBYO
Published: May 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to validate reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method using photo-diode array detector for the simultaneous determination of carmine (CAR) and rhodamine B (RHO B) in lipstick products.

Methods: CAR and RHO B were analysed using Cosmosil C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d., 5 µm) using Shimadzu LC 20AD chromatograph equipped with photo-diode array (PDA) detector at 245-600 nm. The mobile phase used was acetonitrile-phosphate buffer pH 3.4 (5.5:4.5 v/v) delivered isocratically at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, using column temperature at 35 °C. The optimized HPLC condition was validated by determining several characteristics including selectivity, linearity, sensitivity expressed by the limit of detection and limit of quantification, precision and accuracy.

Results: The optimized HPLC condition could separate CAR and RHO B successfully with resolution value>2.0. The method was linear over studied concentration with a coefficient of determination (R2) 0.9999. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values were lower than those required RSD Horwitz and the recovery values were also acceptable, therefore, the developed method was precise and accurate.

Conclusion: HPLC with PDA detector has been accurately and successfully used for quantitative analysis of CAR and RHO B. The developed method is simple and can be used for routine analysis of CAR and RHO B for quality assurance purposes.
CENTRAL COMPOSITE DESIGN APPLIED IN HPLC OPTIMIZATION FOR ANALYSIS OF TARTRAZINE AND AURAMINE O IN POWDER DRINKS
Authors: LESTARI ANNISA DYAH , Rohman Abdul , MARTONO SUDIBYO
Published: May 2019

Objective: This study was intended to optimize reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the determination of Tartrazine (TAR) and Auramin O (AUO) in powder drinks using experimental design of central composite design (CCD) approach.

Methods: TAR and AUO in powder drink product has same properties, therefore both analytes were analysed using C18 column (XBridge Shield RP 18 250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d., 5 µm) using Shimadzu LC 20AD chromatograph equipped with photo-diode array (PDA) detector at 300-650 nm. Some factors responsible for RP-HPLC separation of TAR and AUO including the concentration of buffer, the ratio of mobile phase and flow rate were optimized using CCD. The responses evaluated were peak area, retention time, and tailing factor. The mobile phase used was acetonitrile and ammonium acetate buffer, and acetonitrile composition was optimized at 84-86% for separation of TAR and AUO, delivered at a flow rate of 0.8–1.2 ml/min, using ammonium acetate buffer at 19-21 mmol.

Results: CCD showed that separation of TAR and AUO was influenced by flow rate, the ratio of acetonitrile and ammonium acetate concentration. These factors affected significantly to retention time, peak area, and tailing factor. The optimal condition obtained based on CCD was flow rate of 1.2 ml/min, the ratio of acetonitrile 86%, and ammonium acetate concentration of 19 mmol.

Conclusion: CCD can be used to get optimum condition for analysis of TAR and AUO in powder drink product.
Interacción de distintos factores sobre la biosíntesis de tricotecenos por cepas de fusarium
Authors: Saubois 0. Adriana , Coutaz Victor R. , Cadoche Claudia , Basílico G. Juan Carlos
Published: May 2019

Se estudió la influencia del medio de cultivo, la cepa, el tiempo y la temperatura sobre la biosintesis de tricotecenos en cinco cepas de Fusarlum toxicogénicas. Se analizó también el efecto combinado de dichas variables. Para la evaluación del grado de toxicidad se utilizó el micrométodo biológico basado en la inhibición que ejercen los tricotecenos sobre la germinación de semillas de Lepidium satlvum. (5).Analizando el efecto de las variables por separado, se constató que existe un 99% de probabilidad (<= 0.01) de que el medio de cultivo, la cepa y la temperatura incidan en la biosíntesis de tricotecenos; en tanto que para el tiempo, y dentro del rango estudiado, la probabilidad es del 95% (<= 0.05). Encuanto a la illteracción de las variables, existe un 99% de probabilidad (<= 0.01) de que el efecto combinado de medio de cultivo-tiempo-temperatura y medio de cultivo-cepa-temperatura incidan en el grado de toxicidad.
Acción antifúngica de las asociaciones de sulfametoxazol o ketoconazol con etosuccimida, fenilbutazona, ibuprofeno, gentamicina, metamizol, yoduro de potasio y otros fármacos.
Authors: Lazo Waldo
Published: May 2019

Se obtuvo la inhibición total del desarrollo fúngico in vitro durante 48 o más horas, al agregar al medio de cultivo los fármacos siguientes: para Acremonium potronil y A. falciforme 50 ug/ml de sulfametoxazol; para Fusarium solanii sulfametoxazol 100 ug/ml más fenilbutazona 30 ug/ml más etosuccimida 100 ug/ml o sulfametoxazol 100 ug/ml más ibuprofeno 30 ug/ml más etosuccimida 100 ug/ml; para Candlda albicans y Aspergillus niger ketoconazol 0.5 ug/ml más gentamicina 3-10 ug/ml; para A. fumlgatus sulfametoxazol100 ug/ml más yoduro de potasio 100 ug/ml más metamizol 100 ug/ml o sulfametoxazol 80-100 ug/ml más fenilbutazona 20-30 ug/ml más etosuccimida 100 ug/ml; o sulfametoxazol 80 ug/ml más clorpromacina 10 ug/ml.
A arqueologia do conflito no direito processual civil e a (re)formulação do discurso jurídico litigioso
Authors: Borges Raquel Fróes
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo é resultado de pesquisa cadastrada na Iniciação Científica da FAINOR, no ano de 2018, desenvolvida pelo LABEDIRE - Laboratório de estudos do Direito e do Discurso, onde, a partir da metodologia arqueológica (FOUCAULT, 2008), revisões bibliográficas exploratórias e sistematizações, objetivamos, propor o levantamento crítico acerca do Discurso jurídico litigioso na processualística Civil brasileira. Assim, buscaremos verificar quais Condições de possibilidade (FOUCAULT, 2000) e Vontade de verdade (FOUCAULT, 1998), deram base a consolidação do discurso do litigio judicializado, como método processual civil. Objetiva-se também, compreender quais as novas condições de possibilidade para que a questão perpasse ao princípio da inafastabilidade do poder judiciário, e recaía numa problemática processual, na medida que se percebe a mudança do discurso do litígio para métodos alternativos de resolução de controvérsias, dentre os quais destacaremos Mediação e Conciliação. Notadamente, a relevância do projeto se assenta nas inúmeras transformações que tem passado o direito processual civil, em termos práticos e teóricos, a fim de viabilizar o acesso à justiça.
“Menino de feira”: a criança e a lei à luz do Projeto Trabalhador Mirim em Vitória da Conquista (1989)
Authors: Sousa Geisa Cristina Lemos Santos
Published: May 2019

Esta pesquisa apresentou o Projeto Trabalhador Mirim, promovido em Vitória da Conquista entre 1989 a 1993, pelo Prefeito Carlos Murilo Pimentel Mármore. A intenção do projeto era viabilizar emprego nos espaços públicos da cidade aos adolescentes que possuíam baixas condições financeiras e/ou viviam nas ruas. Esta iniciativa parece confrontar com as proposições do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, cujo texto legal diz quais seriam os limites do trabalho infantil. Nosso objetivo é analisar como o Projeto Mirim perdurou por tanto tempo, mesmo após o surgimento de medidas protetivas à criança, como a instauração do ECA (Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente). Partimos de uma pesquisa exploratória em arquivos públicos e bibliográfica por meio da pesquisa em banco de dados virtuais. Na caixa Ação Comunitária, do Fundo PMVC, estão alocadas a variedade de documentos do Projeto Social Meninos de Feira. A análise dessa coleção de documentos permite questionar a vinculação entre cidade e memória social, observando sob um novo ângulo a relação estabelecida entre a cidade e os meninos de feira. As atividades dos agentes políticos da cidade produziram uma série de documentos: fotografias, relatórios, listas de controle e notícias de jornais. Podemos conhecer um pouco da geografia da cidade de Vitória da Conquista e, em especial, a geografia daquelas crianças aparentemente invisíveis, mas com existência validada pela participação no mercado de trabalho. O estudo da composição destes documentos referentes à Lei do Trabalhador Mirim permite repensar os supostos laços entre a criança e a cidade.
O acolhimento institucional de crianças e adolescentes e o direito à convivência familiar e comunitária
Authors: Matos Carla Souza
Published: May 2019

A redemocratização do Estado Social de Direito Brasileiro com a Constituição Federal de 1988 materializou significativos avanços e valores profundamente democráticos, ressignificando a criança e o adolescente como sujeitos de direitos, embora o contexto histórico do acolhimento institucional de crianças e adolescentes possua consequências fundamentais até o cenário atual. Contudo, apesar das normas sociojurídicas implementadas ao acolhimento institucional, percebemos que as representações sociais que a fundamentam reforçam uma energia, tendencialmente, negativa, pois se vincula à origem dessas instituições, marcadas por abandono e violações, além dos problemas e fragilidades que persistem em seu interior. Esse contexto nos conduz a apreender o acolhimento institucional delineado, não somente, com a identificação de suas potencialidades, fragilidades e consequências sociais, mas, sobretudo, no sentido de possibilitar a preservação do convívio familiar e comunitário. Isso porque, seja qual for o elemento que os destina à institucionalização, há circunstâncias comuns: histórias traçadas pelo distanciamento dos seus vínculos de origem e mudanças repentinas de rompimento dos laços afetivos e sociais, mas, sobretudo, uma necessidade de cuidado e proteção, em que raras vezes, possui reciprocidade. Por isso, a responsabilidade de construir uma estrutura afetiva e socioeconômica com a preservação do direito à convivência familiar e social não deve se limitar ao acolhimento institucional, mas a um dever-ser de todos, para que o acolhimento institucional não seja um fim em si.
O white bear e a sua relação com a teoria absoluta: o caráter punitivo da pena
Authors: Lima Ruteh Ribeiro Oliveira de , Santos Caroline De Almeida
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo tem por escopo analisar de maneira sucinta e crítica a Teoria Absoluta da aplicação da pena e a relação que esta possui com o White Bear – episódio da série ficcional Black Mirror. Juntamente com tais acepções, pretende-se mostrar como o desejo de punição e vingança encontram-se, ainda, presentes na sociedade brasileira hodierna e como tais, em determinadas comunidades, persistem, mostrando uma descrença na justiça estatal. Destarte, a realidade prisional no país reafirma tal desejo, o de punição pelo sofrimento que a comunidade, de maneira geral, defende quando se trata de infratores da norma penal, ou, melhor dizendo, daqueles indivíduos etiquetados como criminosos. A conclusão alcançada por este estudo é de que há uma necessidade de discutir qual o real objetivo da aplicação da pena, bem como ela é aplicada pelo Estado, assim como apresentado em White Bear, e qual a relação entre esta, a sociedade e o sentido de justiça.
Urso Branco: as correlações entre as teorias absolutas da pena e os obscuros desígnios humanos
Authors: Santana João Victor Mascarenhas , Jesus Kamilla Oliveira de , Salgado Victoria Gabriela Brito
Published: May 2019

O subsequente artigo tem por escopo analisar algumas das teorias mais controversas utilizadas pela doutrina brasileira para conceituar a finalidade da pena: as absolutas. Por estas vertentes, a pena possui o único objetivo de retribuir o mal com o mal, isto é, o de castigar o transgressor de forma proporcional ao mal que foi causado. A partir de tal análise, foi possível realizar uma correlação entre as teorias absolutas da pena com o segundo episódio da segunda temporada da série britânica “Black Mirror” (espelho preto – em tradução literal), “Urso Branco”, como também, demonstrar e examinar criticamente suas semelhanças com o Direito Penal do Autor e a Sociedade do Espetáculo, evidenciando, pois, os obscuros desígnios existentes entre os homens.
Unknown Future of the Banking Union’s Third Pillar
Authors: Zielińska Klaudia
Published: May 2019

The aim of the article is to evaluate the process of building the third pillar of the banking union. The analysis of the problem required both subject literature studies and descriptive statistics. Time scope of the analysis covers the years 2012 until 2017. The relevant data used came from the European Central Bank and the European Banking Authority. The results of the study suggest that the creation of a European Deposit Guarantee Scheme is inevitable for further financial integration in the Eurozone but more detailed conditions need to be added to its implementation plan in order to have the scheme established. This stems from both the bad financial standing of some of the euro area banks and their dependency on the sovereign debt of their home and host countries. Studies also indicate low operational readiness of the national schemes, so a transition from re-insurance onto co-insurance phase will require increased efforts of both the Member States and the banks themselves.
Ocena postaw prozdrowotnych konsumentów nabywających żywność w sklepach specjalistycznych
Authors: Grabowska Bożena , Radzymińska Monika
Published: May 2019

Celem pracy była ocena postaw prozdrowotnych konsumentów nabywających żywność w sklepach specjalistycznych. Określono rodzaj i częstotliwość zakupu żywności oraz dokonano klasyfikacji respondentów ze względu na prezentowane postawy prozdrowotne.
Badania zrealizowano metodą pomiaru sondażowego, techniką bezpośrednią. Ogółem przeprowadzono 190 wywiadów. Wyniki badań wskazują, iż dla klientów sklepów specjalistycznych zdrowotność spożywanej żywności ma duże znaczenie. Zwracają uwagę na jej skład kupując produkty naturalne z jak najmniejszą ilością konserwantów, jak najmniej przetworzone. Konsumenci ci są skłonni zapłacić więcej za produkty gwarantowanej jakości. Wyodrębniono trzy skupienia zróżnicowane pod względem postaw prozdrowotnych reprezentujące odpowiednio: 22, 18 i 60% badanej populacji. Skupienie 1 reprezentowane było w większości przez mężczyzn nie dbających o ilość zjadanych kalorii oraz nie zgłębiających wiedzy na temat zdrowego odżywiania, z kolei zwracających uwagę na jakość kupowanej żywności, gotowych zapłacić więcej za produkty gwarantowanej jakości. Natomiast skupienie 2 skupiało głównie mężczyzn o umiarkowanych postawach prozdrowotnych, niezainteresowanych tematyką zdrowego odżywiania. Najliczniej reprezentowane skupienie 3 w przewadze stanowiły kobiety cechujące się silnymi postawami prozdrowotnymi, dbające o ilość spożywanych kalorii, poszukujące i zgłębiające informacje dotyczące zdrowego odżywiania.
Rola logistyki w pogłębianiu procesów globalizacji
Authors: Klepacki Bogdan , Perkowska Aleksandra
Published: May 2019

W opracowaniu przedstawiono znaczenie logistyki w pogłębianiu globalizacji, zwłaszcza w zakresie wykorzystania transportu morskiego. Ten dział transportu jest bowiem najszerzej wykorzystywany w międzynarodowych przepływach towarów. Stwierdzono, że przewozy w skali świata od połowy lat 90. wzrosły prawie o połowę, do czego przyczyniło się najbardziej zwiększone przemieszczanie ładunków drobnicowych (2,6-krotnie) i kontenerowych (2 razy). Jeśli zostaną utrzymane dotychczasowe trendy o tempie procesów globalizacji w przyszłości będą decydować szybko rozwijające się państwa azjatyckie, zaś zmaleje rola rozwiniętych państw europejskich i Stanów Zjednoczonych.
Development of the Agricultural Biogas Market in Poland – Production Volume, Feedstocks, Activities and Behaviours of Farmers
Authors: Piwowar Arkadiusz
Published: May 2019

The activity and efficiency of agricultural biogas plants are important issues in the field of low-emission development in rural areas and in agribusiness. The essence of the problems concerns mainly sustainable waste management in agricultural production. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the volume of agricultural biogas production in Poland and the structure of consumption of raw materials used for production of agricultural biogas. The analyses were carried out in the period of 2011–2017. The paper also presents results of empirical research on the agricultural practices as part of the subject area of the development of the agricultural biogas market in Poland. The aim of the questionnaire surveys of agricultural holdings was to obtain information on the use of the biomass from field crops and grasslands for energy purposes and the interest in the development of agricultural production towards the cultivation of energy crops. The results of the analyses were presented in the spatial arrangement of research.
Surface modification of additively manufactured gamma titanium aluminide hardware
Authors: Seidel A. , Davids A. , Polenz S. , Straubel A. , Maiwald T. , Moritz J. , Schneider J. , Marquardt A. , Saha S. , Riede M. , Lopez E. , Brueckner F. , Leyens C.
Published: May 2019

A major part of additive manufacturing focuses on the fabrication of metallic parts in different fields of applications. Examples include components for jet engines and turbines and also implants in the medical sector. Titanium alloys represent a material group which is used cross-sectoral in a large number of applications. The present paper addresses the titanium aluminides in particular. These materials have a low density in combination with a comparatively high-temperature resistance [G. Sauthoff, Intermetallics (Wiley-VCH Verlag, Weinheim, Germany, 2008)]. Nevertheless, the laser material processing is rather challenging because of their distinct tendency to lamellar interface cracking. This requires tailored processing strategies and equipment [C. Leyens et al., in Ti-2015: The 13th World Conference on Titanium, Symposium 5. Intermetallics and MMCs, 16–20 August 2015, San Diego, CA (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Pittsburgh, PA, 2016)]. This work focusses on tailored processing of titanium aluminides with focus on the process-dependent surface characteristics. This includes the as-built status for powder bed processing and direct laser metal deposition but also the surface modification via post and/or advanced machining. Finally, comprehensive characterization is performed using destructive as well as nondestructive testing methods. The latter includes 3D scanning, computed tomography, microscopic analysis, and, in particular, surface roughness measurements.
Community Partnership Program (CPP/PKM) High School Teachers in Bandung City and District in E-Learning Based Data Collection Activities
Authors: Saputra Jusep , Kandaga Thesa , Nurcahyo Anggoro Ari
Published: May 2019

The purpose of the Subject Teachers Consultation (STC/MGMP) will be if the teachers are skilled, accustomed and able to develop various activities that are able to support teacher competencies. One of the activities carried out was to participate in the Community Partnership Program (PKM) program development activities with LPTKs such as Pasundan University. The STC included in the Community Partnership Program (CPP/PKM) is the Bandung and City Mathematics STC. Problems with both partners are: (1) Some teachers do not know SPSS and its benefits in research, (2) Understanding of some teachers in collecting data according to the formulation of research problems is still lacking, (3) Some teachers do not know e-learning applications that use video conference. This problem has an impact on the inhibition of research and an increase in the rank of teachers. Approach methods used to overcome problems with training, mentoring, and mentoring. The two partners' solution-resolution procedures will be carried out by the team as follows: (1) Training, mentoring and mentoring in using SPSS features, (2) Training in using e-learning applications (3) Training, mentoring, and mentoring in collect data according to the formulation of research problems. CPP was attended by 14 Mathematics Teachers from the City of Bandung, and 17 Mathematics Teachers from Bandung Regency who were each from the Bandung City and Regency STC. The first meeting resulted in the following conclusions: (1) The quality of CPP in formulating problems, testing instruments, using SPSS features, and video conferencing conducted was very good, (2) The ability of teachers to understand, master, and train in making either test or non-test research instruments are in a pretty good category, (3) the teacher's ability to input data according to data or the scale of the data is in a good category, (4) The teacher's ability to use video conferencing to get guidance and assistance in doing the work is in good category.
As convenções subjacentes ao regime de metas para inflação no Brasil
Authors: Nogueira Rolim Lilian
Published: May 2019

O artigo analisa o regime de metas de inflação no Brasil a partir da abordagem de convenções de desenvolvimento discutida por Erber (2011, 2012), segundo a qual há, no país, uma convenção específica que se beneficia de um regime de altas taxas de juros e câmbio baixo. Isto leva a uma formulação relativamente rígida do regime de metas de inflação no Brasil, determinando seus altos níveis reais de taxa de juros. A experiência do governo Dilma de redução da taxa Selic a o que era no período um mínimo histórico revela o comprometimento desta convenção ao regime de altas taxas de juros, dado que não havia, no período, motivos técnicos contra a redução da taxa de juros.
Desenvolvimento Econômico e Desenvolvimento Político: Uma Análise à Luz do Debate entre Simonsen e Gudin
Authors: Vicari Lauro Marques , Soares Jeferson Boechat
Published: May 2019

Este artigo buscou examinar o clássico debate entre os intelectuais Roberto Simonsen e Eugênio Gudin, tomando como enfoque a dimensão político-institucional do desenvolvimento. Para tal, recorreu-se ao arcabouço teórico do Desenvolvimento Político no intuito de evidenciar o imprescindível papel da legitimidade e da autoridade do Estado na execução de projetos de desenvolvimento econômico. A ausência desta percepção por parte dos autores, aliada à permanência de desafios ao desenvolvimento brasileiro reivindica a inserção de novas variáveis ao debate, minando o seu caráter puramente ideológico e elevando a discussão ao plano conjuntural.
Judicialización de los conflictos urbanos
Authors: Vértiz Francisco
Published: May 2019

En este trabajo se aborda la intervención estatal sobre un conflicto relacionado con el acceso a la tierra y a la vivienda que se desarrolló en el partido de La Plata entre los años 2006 y 2010. Se parte del supuesto que los conflictos expresan en el plano microsocial las disputas estructurales por el uso y la apropiación del espacio urbano. De allí que constituyen un campo fértil para analizar el tipo de prácticas y relaciones sociales concretas que van conformando las formas de producción y consumo de la urbanización. A su vez, se analiza la productividad social de los conflictos a través de tres dimensiones: la territorialización, la formación de espacios públicos y la actualización local del derecho. Particularmente, en la tercera dimensión se busca dar cuenta de cómo se reconfiguraron los conflictos cuando ingresaron a la esfera jurídica a través de la judicialización, y cómo se modificaron las estrategias de los actores en las otras instancias en las cuales se procesó el conflicto a partir de sus expectativas jurídicas.
La constitucionalización de la mediación
Authors: Villanueva Turnes Alejandro
Published: May 2019

Los métodos alternativos para resolver conflictos diferentes a la vía judicial han ido ganando un mayor protagonismo con el paso de los años. Por este motivo no resulta extraño que algunos países, sobre todo en América Latina, se haya producido una constitucionalización de los mismos. Esto es lo que ha sucedido en Ecuador, Estado en el que se centrará el presente estudio.

Para ello se procederá a analizar el precepto constitucional principal relativo a la materia, haciendo alusión a la ley que se encarga de desarrollarlo, pudiendo obtener una visión de este tema en este país
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Kelas VIII MTs Negeri 1 Landak pada Pemecahan Masalah Operasi Aljabar
Authors: Winata Rahmat , Friantini Rizki Nurhana
Published: May 2019

Abstract:This research aims at describing the type of error at algebra’s problem solving process in the VIII’s students of MTs Negeri 1 Landakwho obtained high, medium, and low academic achievement. This research employed a qualitative approach. The procedure of selecting the subjects was purposive sampling. The data were obtained through test and in-depth interview. The technique to measure the validity was triangulation method. The type of errorwas classified into five:1) incomplete answer, 2) misused data, 3) technical error, 4) error originating from misconceptions of previously learned material, 5) distorted definition. The result that the which high achievement is on error of 1 and 3. The students who gain medium achievement is on error of 1,3, and 4. The students who gain low achievement is on error of 1,3,4, and 5. The factors are the limited time, carelessness and unrecorrecting the answer. Many students don’t understand the concept of algebric operation and the previous materials.Abstrak:Penelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan Kesalahan Jenis pada pemecahan masalah operasi aljabar siswa kelas VIII MTs Negeri 1 Landak yang memperoleh prestasi tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Metode pemilihan subjek menggunakan sampling purposive. Metode pengambilan data menggunakan tes dan wawancara. Teknis validasi menggunakan triangulasi metode. Pada penelitian ini Kesalahan Jenis dibagi 5 yaitu: 1) jawaban tidak lengkap, 2) kesalahan penggunaan data, 3) kesalahan teknis, 4) kurang memahami materi sebelumnya, 5) penggunaan definisi menyimpang. Hasil penelitian ini, siswa yang memperoleh prestasi tinggi melakukan Kesalahan Jenis 1 dan 3. Siswa yang memperoleh prestasi sedang melakukan Kesalahan Jenis 1, 3, dan 4. Siswa yang memperoleh prestasi rendah melakukan Kesalahan Jenis 1, 3, 4, dan 5. Faktor yang menyebabkan adalah waktu yang kurang, tidak teliti, dan tergesa-gesa pada saat mengerjakan dan tidak mengoreksi jawaban. Siswa belum memahami operasi aljabar serta materi sebelumnya yang menjadi materi prasyarat.
Pola Interaksi Belajar Matematika Siswa Berkemampuan Awal Rendah dalam Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek
Authors: Baharuddin Muhammad Rusli , Jumarniati Jumarniati
Published: May 2019

Abstract:This study aims to describe how the mathematics learning interactions of low-ability early students (SKAR) in project-based learning with the form of communication assist with explanations, provide assistance without explanation, ask for help and discuss or express opinions. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The study was conducted in class X-A of SMAN 1 Tamalatea, Kab. Jeneponto with two students with low initial abilities as subjects. Data on students' mathematical learning interactions in project-based learning were obtained by student interaction observation sheets (LOIS) and Handycam recordings and then verified through interviews. The result is (1) There are three main reasons for students with the low initial ability to interact with other students, namely based on higher initial abilities, emotional closeness, and student behavior. (2) The dominant interaction conducted by SKAR is asking for help, this is more due to SKAR not understanding the concept of material so much that they feel unable and finally asking for help from other students while the interaction of assisting is explained, assisting without explanation, and discussions still less happening.Abstrak:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana interaksi belajar matematika siswa berkemampuan awal rendah (SKAR) dalam pembelajaran berbasis proyek dengan bentuk interaksi memberi bantuan disertai penjelasan, memberi bantuan tanpa penjelasan, meminta bantuan dan diskusi atau menyampaikan pendapat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kelas X-A SMAN 1 Tamalatea Kab. Jeneponto dengan 2 siswa dengan berkemampuan awal rendah sebagai subjek. Data interaksi belajar matematika siswa dalam pembelajaran berbasis proyek diperoleh dengan lembar observasi interaksi siswa (LOIS) dan rekaman handycam kemudian diverifikasi melalui wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Ada 3 alasan utama bagi siswa dengan kemampuan awal rendah dalam melakukan interaksi dengan siswa lain yaitu berdasarkan kemampuan awal yang lebih tinggi, kedekatan secara emosional dan perilaku siswa. (2) Interaksi yang dominan dilakukan SKAR adalah meminta bantuan, hal ini lebih disebabkan karena SKAR kurang memahami konsep materi sehingga mereka merasa tidak mampu dan akhirnya meminta bantuan kepada siswa yang lain sedangkan interaksi memberi bantuan disertai penjelasan, memberi bantuan tanpa penjelasan, dan diskusi masih kurang terjadi.
Surgical management of an adrenal gland tumor that had extended into the thoracic portion of the caudal vena cava in a dog
Authors: Lipscomb Victoria J.
Published: May 2019

CASE DESCRIPTION

A 14-year-old neutered female Border Collie with a 3-week history of collapse during exercise was evaluated because of recumbency, tachycardia, and hypotension.

CLINICAL FINDINGS

Results of biochemical testing indicated the presence of a pheochromocytoma, and CT revealed an enlarged right adrenal gland mass that extended down the right phrenicoabdominal vein into the posthepatic thoracic portion of the caudal vena cava.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME

A midline celiotomy and median sternotomy were performed to allow en bloc removal of the right adrenal gland tumor and its tumor thrombus extension within the caudal vena cava. Temporary occlusion of the thoracic and abdominal portions of the caudal vena cava and both renal veins and the dual inflow to the liver (Pringle maneuver) were required. The venotomy and tumor and thrombus extractions required a 25-minute period of vascular occlusion. The dog had no major postsurgical complications. Histologic findings indicated that direct adrenal tumor invasion into the caudal vena cava wall had occurred along the established route of tumor extension down the phrenicoabdominal vein.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

For the dog of this report, an adrenal tumor thrombus that extended into the thoracic portion of the caudal vena cava was surgically managed with a combined median sternotomy and midline celiotomy approach and temporary occlusion of the hepatic artery, portal vein, and abdominal and thoracic portions of the caudal vena cava. This facilitated successful manual manipulation of the tumor and enabled venotomy of sufficient size for tumor thrombus extraction.
EFEKTIVITAS INFUSUM DAUN BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Streptococcus mutans
Authors: - Murniwati , Djafri Defriman , Kurniawati Berlian , - Susi , - Minarni
Published: May 2019

Daun belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) bersifat antibakteri karena mengandung zat flavonoid, tanin,saponin dan alkaloid yang berpotensi digunakan sebagai biomaterial penghambat pertumbuhanStreptococcus mutans. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menetapkan efektifitas daun belimbing wuluhterhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans, dengan cara membandingkan berbagai konsentrasi infusumdaun ini (25%, 50%, 75% dan 100%). Penelitian eksperimental ini dilakukan secara in vitro meggunakan6 cakram mengandung infusum yang direndam dan ditanamkan pada media agar darah yang ditumbuhiS. mutans. S. mutans yang ditumbuhkan pada medium mengandung etanol 70% dan pada mediummengandung aquades, masing-masing digunakan sebagai kontrol (+) dan kontrol (-). Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan rata-rata zona hambat infusum daun belimbing wuluh pada konsentrasi 100% adalah 11,46mm dan pada konsentrasi 5% adalah 7,43 mm. Pada Kelompok perlakuan dengan konsentrasi infusum50% dan 25% tidak teramati adanya zona hambat. Uji Kruskal wallis menunjukkan terdapat perbedaanyang bermakna (p=0.001) antara kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Infusum daun belimbingwuluh efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans, dan efektifitas ini tergatung padapeningkatan konsentrasi uji. Konsentrasi 100% adalah konsentrasi yang paling efektif dalam menghambatpertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Diperlukan penelitian lanjut khususnya eksperimen in vivomenggunakan hewan coba untuk mengkonfirmasi hasil penelitian ini.Kata kunci: Daun belimbing wuluh , Streptococcus mutans
EFEKTIFITAS PELATIHAN PENANGANAN KEDARURATAN TRAUMA DENTAL DENGAN METODE SIMULASI
Authors: Aulia Bertha , Wahyuni Sri , Riami Annisa Indita
Published: May 2019

Latar Belakang: Trauma dental yang terjadi di sekolah sering kali tidak ditangani dengan baik.Menurut data 97,55% kejadian tidak dirawat dan akhirnya menyebabkan kecacatan. Dokter kecilsebagai kader kesehatan sekolah diharapkan dapat melakukan prosedur penanganan kegawatdaruratantrauma dental sebelum dirujuk ke tenaga medis profesional, sehingga diperlukan pelatihankegawatdaruratan bagi mereka. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan dokter kecil dalampenanganan kedaruratan trauma dental dengan metode simulasi. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalahquasi experiment. Penelitian ini adalah eksperimetal semu dengan rancangan pre-test and post-testgroup. Subjek penelitian adalah 60 dokter kecil yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok; 30 dokter kecilkelompok metode simulasi, dan 30 dokter kecil kelompok metode demonstrasi. Analisis datamenggunakan uji T berpasangan. Hasil: Metode simulasi meningkatkan rata-rata pengetahuan dokterkecil sebesar 55,6%, sedangkan kelompok metode demonstrasi sebesar 44,6%. Hasil uji Tberpasangan pada perbandingan metode simulasi dan demonstrasi didapatkan nilai p=0,03 (pvalue0,05). Kesimpulan: Pelatihan penanganan kedaruratan trauma dental dengan metode simulasilebih efektif dibandingkan metode demonstrasi dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dokter kecil.Kata Kunci: trauma dental, dokter kecil, metode simulasi
Seleksi Pendonor Serbuk Sari Sifat Kuantitas Endosperma Skor Tinggi pada Kelapa dalam Kopyor
Authors: Rahayu Megayani Sri , Setiawan Asep , Maskromo Ismail , Purwito Agus , Sudarsono Dan
Published: May 2019

Endosperm quantity in kopyor coconut determines the quality of kopyor coconut. However, data of the best parental based on their progeny test is unavailable yet. In this study, we employed polycross approach and SSR molecular marker to estimate general combining ability of the best pollen contributor for the breeding purpose of this trait. Totally 151 kopyor coconuts were collected from the naturally open-pollinated population of kopyor Tall coconut Agom Lampung. The harvested nuts were rated for their endosperm quantity (scored 1-9). The analysis identified 31 paternal trees of the 53 progenies. The TJ-185 with the highest GCA has been considered as a promising paternal tree for development of high endosperm quantity of kopyor coconut.Keywords: combining ability, molecular marker, paternal trees, polycross, tall coconut
Ketahanan Beberapa Genotipe Jagung Hibrida Umur Genjah terhadap Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky
Authors: , Suriani , Tenrirawe Andi , Makkulawu Dan Andi Takdir
Published: May 2019

Sitophilus zeamais is a major pest of cereal products in the storage that can reduce the quality and quantity of the grain. The use of resistant variety is an efficient method to control S. zeamais. This research aimed to evaluate the resistance of 8 early maturing hybrid maize genotypes to S. zeamais. The research was arranged in a single factor completely randomized design with 3 replications, involving 8 genotypes and 4 check varieties. Samples of 25 g seeds were stored in the container covered by gauze, then infested with same-aged 5 males and 5 females of S. zeamais and maintened to 105 days. Observed variables were the number of F1 progenies of S. zeamays, susceptibility index, seed damage, and weight loss. Based on the results, 3 early maturing hybrid maize genotypes (CH-19, CH-18 and CH-20) exhibited high resistance to the S. zeamais as indicated by their susceptibility index, number of progenies, percentage of seed damage, and weight loss. These genotypes had susceptibility index of 1.23-1.80 with low percentage of seed damage of 2.07-4.55%. Correlation tests showed that the susceptibility index of maize seeds had positive correlation with number of progenies and seed damage.Keywords: seed, stored pest, susceptibility index
Perbandingan Arachis pintoi dengan Tanaman Kacang-kacangan Penutup Tanah Lain dalam Menekan Laju Erosi pada Lahan Kelapa Sawit Berbukit
Authors: Sarjono Arif , Guntoro Dwi , Supijatno Dan
Published: May 2019

Land preparation of oil palm plantation in hilly areas is vulnerable to environmental degradation. Legume cover crops can be used in vegetation system for soil conservation to control erotion. Arachis pintoi is a legume potential for cover crop. The objective of the research was to study the role of A. pintoi in suppressing soil erosion rate in oil palm land with the topography of hilly land. The research was conducted on the land of Bukit Kemuning farmer group, Mersam, Batanghari, Jambi with an average slope of 22.8% from September 2017 to March 2018. The experimental design used was a single-factor randomized complete block design with five treatments and four replications. The treatment consisted of natural vegetation, Arachis pintoi, Centrosema pubescens, Pueraria javanica and Calopogonium mucunoides. The results showed that the rate of increased leaf number of A. pintoi was 13.6 pieces per week and could cover the ground surface 100% at 20 weeks after planting (WAP). The dry weight of A. pintoi biomass was 496.08 g m-2 at 20 WAP. A. pintoi suppressed soil erosion by 80.45% as compared to natural vegetation treatment. However, it was not significantly different on suppression rates to other biomulch treatments.Keywords: biomass, Calopogonium mucunoides, Centrosema pubescens, land cover crop, Pueraria javanica
Justification of main parameters for Ust’ Luga – Baltiysk LNG-fueled train ferry
Authors: Egorov Gennadiy , Ilnitsky Igor , Egorov Aleksander
Published: May 2019

This paper presents optimization results for the conceptual design of the first LNG-fueled train ferry for navigation between St. Petersburg and Kaliningrad, taking into account ice conditions and environmental requirements of the Baltic.
Design specifics of LNG bunkering ships
Authors: Kondratenko Aleksander , Reutskii Aleksander
Published: May 2019

This study included development of estimated model for LNG bunkering ship, taking into account all it main properties and operational aspects. The paper discusses the following: hull lines drawing, open-water propulsion performance, hydrostatics, fuel consumption, payload capacity and weight calculations. The procedures and lgorithms developed under this investigation have been implemented as specialized software package that could be useful at early design stages, in searching optimal configuration
for the bunkering ship itself and its LNG containment systems LNG containment systems.
Prospects of semi-submersibles in Russian Arctic coast developments
Authors: Demeshko Gennadiy , Krichman Mikhail , Sandrevskaya Ksenija
Published: May 2019

This paper analyses the prospects of semi-submersibles in engineering projects at Russian Arctic coast in terms of their design, construction and operation. It justifies variation ranges for main parameters and characteristics of Arctic semisubmersibles,
as well as design and structural solutions for these platforms.
Application of machine learning in detection of blast disease in South Indian rice crops
Authors: D. Vydeki S. Ramesh,
Published: May 2019

It is a well-known fact that the quality and quantity of the rice crop is reduced due to plant disease. This paper proposes rice blast disease detection mechanism using Machine learning algorithm, to identify the disease in the early stage of the crop cultivation. The proposed method would find the blast disease and reduce the crop loss and hence increase the rice agriculture production in an effective manner. The images of the paddy field are captured and eight features are extracted to distinguish the healthy and the disease affected leaves. The proposed machine learning based classification methodology includes KNN and ANN. The performance of these two classification techniques is compared using an appropriate confusion matrix. The simulation results show that KNN based classification method provides an accuracy of 85% for the blast affected leaf images and 86% for the normal leaf images. The accuracy is improved to 99% and 100% respectively for the ANN based classification mechanisms.
Sequential C-Selective Difluoromethylation/Pd-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Protonation: An Efficient Access to Tertiary Difluoromethylated Scaffolds
Authors: Duchemin Nicolas , Buccafusca Roberto , Daumas Marc , Ferey Vincent , Arseniyadis Stellios
Published: May 2019

We report here a general method that allows a highly straightforward access to tertiary difluoromethylated compounds. The strategy relies on a two-step sequence featuring a C-selective electrophilic difluoromethylation and an unprecedented palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative protonation. Considering the generality of the method and the attractive properties offered by the difluoromethyl group, this approach provides a valuable tool for late-stage functionalization and drug development.
“But, don’t you think...?”: chat educacional para a reflexão na formação inicial de professores de inglês
Authors: Anjos-Santos Lucas Moreira dos , Rios-Registro Eliane Segati
Published: May 2019

Resumo

Este artigo objetiva investigar a participação de alunos-professores em um chat educacional e as reflexões propiciadas ou não por meio do uso desse gênero digital. Partimos do pressuposto de que a atividade de reflexão situada pode ser uma das ferramentas para a formação de professores comprometidos com suas práticas e capazes de orientar e tomar decisões com base em seus contextos de atuação. Os dados analisados são de uma pesquisa conjunta desenvolvida por pesquisadores de duas universidades estaduais do norte do Paraná. Os participantes da pesquisa são alunos-professores dos terceiro e primeiro anos do curso de Letras-Inglês. Os resultados demonstram que o uso do chat educacional pode ser adequado a situações em que o aluno-professor tenha sua voz ouvida e quebre padrões de assimetria entre professor e aluno-professor.

Palavras-chave: Chat educacional. Formação inicial de professores de inglês. Atividade de reflexão

 

“But, don’t you think...?”: educational chat for reflection in pre-service English teacher education

Abstract

This article aims to investigate the participation of pre-service teachers in an educational chat and the reflection promoted or not by the use of this digital genre.The investigation is based on the assumption that the activity of situated reflection can be one of the tools for educating teachers committed to their practices and capable of making decisions by assessing their professional contexts. The data analyzed are part of a joint research developed by researchers from two state universities in the north of Paraná. The research participants are pre-service teachers from third and first years in an English Language undergraduate degree. The results show that the use of educational chats can be adequate to situations in which pre-service teachers have their voices heard and break asymmetry patterns between teacher educators and pre-service teachers

Keywords: educational chat; pre-service English teacher education. Situated reflection.
Pronunciation intelligibility of one Cameroonian English speaker to Brazilian listeners
Authors: Cruz Neide Cesar , Ferraz D Ely Raquel Carolina
Published: May 2019

Abstract

This study aims at answering the following questions: (1) which pronunciation features in the English spoken by one Cameroonian are likely to affect her speech intelligibility to Brazilian listeners? and (2) how far do these features diverge from the Brazilian way of pronouncing English? Speech samples containing pronunciation features which characterize the Cameroon English variety were presented to ten Brazilian listeners unfamiliar with this variety. They were asked to carry out two tasks: (1) to write down the samples; and (2) after having received the samples orthographic transcript, to explain the reasons for their difficulties in recognizing the words. The results reveal that words in the speech of the Cameroonian containing pronunciation features which diverge from the Brazilian way of pronouncing   English were more unintelligible.

Keywords: pronunciation intelligibility. Cameroon English. Brazilian listeners.

 

Resumo

Este estudo visa responder duas perguntas: (1) que aspectos de pronúncia no inglês falado por uma camaronesa afetam a inteligibilidade da sua fala para ouvintes brasileiros? e (2) até onde esses aspectos divergem da forma como brasileiros pronunciam inglês? Amostras contendo características de pronúncia do inglês camaronês foram apresentadas aos brasileiros, que foram solicitados a realizar duas tarefas: (1) escrever as amostras; e (2) após terem recebido a transcrição ortográfica das amostras, explicar as razões das suas dificuldades em reconhecer palavras. Os resultados revelam que vocábulos contendo aspetos de pronúncia que divergem da forma brasileira de pronunciar inglês foram mais ininteligíveis.

Palavras-chave: inteligibilidade de pronúncia. inglês camaronês. ouvintes brasileiros.