bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electronic Structures of Radical-Pair-Forming Cofactors in a Heliobacterial Reaction Center
Authors: Kim Yunmi , Alia A. , Kurle-Tucholski Patrick , Wiebeler Christian , Matysik Jörg
Published: February 2024

Photosynthetic reaction centers (RCs) are membrane proteins converting photonic excitations into electric gradients. The heliobacterial RCs (HbRCs) are assumed to be the precursors of all known RCs, making them a compelling subject for investigating structural and functional relationships. A comprehensive picture of the electronic structure of the HbRCs is still missing. In this work, the combination of selective isotope labelling of 13C and 15N nuclei and the utilization of photo-CIDNP MAS NMR (photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance) allows for highly enhanced signals from the radical-pair-forming cofactors. The remarkable magnetic-field dependence of the solid-state photo-CIDNP effect allows for observation of positive signals of the electron donor cofactor at 4.7 T, which is interpreted in terms of a dominant contribution of the differential relaxation (DR) mechanism. Conversely, at 9.4 T, the emissive signals mainly originate from the electron acceptor, due to the strong activation of the three-spin mixing (TSM) mechanism. Consequently, we have utilized two-dimensional homonuclear photo-CIDNP MAS NMR at both 4.7 T and 9.4 T. These findings from experimental investigations are corroborated by calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). This allows us to present a comprehensive investigation of the electronic structure of the cofactors involved in electron transfer (ET).
The Copper Reduction Potential Determines the Reductive Cytotoxicity: Relevance to the Design of Metal–Organic Antitumor Drugs
Authors: Beloglazkina Elena K. , Moiseeva Anna A. , Tsymbal Sergey A. , Guk Dmitry A. , Kuzmin Mikhail A. , Krasnovskaya Olga O. , Borisov Roman S. , Barskaya Elena S. , Tafeenko Victor A. , Alpatova Victoria M. , Zaitsev Andrei V. , Finko Alexander V. , Ol’shevskaya Valentina A. , Shtil Alexander A.
Published: February 2024

Copper–organic compounds have gained momentum as potent antitumor drug candidates largely due to their ability to generate an oxidative burst upon the transition of Cu2+ to Cu1+ triggered by the exogenous-reducing agents. We have reported the differential potencies of a series of Cu(II)–organic complexes that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death after incubation with N-acetylcysteine (NAC). To get insight into the structural prerequisites for optimization of the organic ligands, we herein investigated the electrochemical properties and the cytotoxicity of Cu(II) complexes with pyridylmethylenethiohydantoins, pyridylbenzothiazole, pyridylbenzimidazole, thiosemicarbazones and porphyrins. We demonstrate that the ability of the complexes to kill cells in combination with NAC is determined by the potential of the Cu+2 → Cu+1 redox transition rather than by the spatial structure of the organic ligand. For cell sensitization to the copper–organic complex, the electrochemical potential of the metal reduction should be lower than the oxidation potential of the reducing agent. Generally, the structural optimization of copper–organic complexes for combinations with the reducing agents should include uncharged organic ligands that carry hard electronegative inorganic moieties.
An Optimized Method for Evaluating the Potential Gd-Nanoparticle Dose Enhancement Produced by Electronic Brachytherapy
Authors: Fuentealba Melani , Ferreira Alejandro , Salgado Apolo , Vergara Christopher , Díez Sergio , Santibáñez Mauricio
Published: February 2024

This work reports an optimized method to experimentally quantify the Gd-nanoparticle dose enhancement generated by electronic brachytherapy. The dose enhancement was evaluated considering energy beams of 50 kVp and 70 kVp, determining the Gd-nanoparticle concentration ranges that would optimize the process for each energy. The evaluation was performed using delaminated radiochromic films and a Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) phantom covered on one side by a thin 2.5 μm Mylar filter acting as an interface between the region with Gd suspension and the radiosensitive film substrate. The results for the 70 kVp beam quality showed dose increments of 6±6%, 22±7%, and 9±7% at different concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 mg/mL, respectively, verifying the competitive mechanisms of enhancement and attenuation. For the 50 kVp beam quality, no increase in dose was recorded for the concentrations studied, indicating that the major contribution to enhancement is from the K-edge interaction. In order to separate the contributions of attenuation and enhancement to the total dose, measurements were replicated with a 12 μm Mylar filter, obtaining a dose enhancement attributable to the K-edge of 29±7% and 34±7% at 20 and 30 mg/mL, respectively, evidencing a significant additional dose proportional to the Gd concentration.
In Situ Construction of Elastic Solid-State Polymer Electrolyte with Fast Ionic Transport for Dendrite-Free Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Jin , Liao Yunlong , Wu Xi , Ye Lingfeng , Wang Zixi , Wu Fugen , Lin Zhiping
Published: February 2024

Solid-state lithium metal batteries (LMBs) have been extensively investigated owing to their safer and higher energy density. In this work, we prepared a novel elastic solid-state polymer electrolyte based on an in situ-formed elastomer polymer matrix with ion-conductive plasticizer crystal embedded with Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZTO) nanoparticles, denoted as LZT/SN-SPE. The unique structure of LZT/SN-SPE shows excellent elasticity and flexibility, good electrochemical oxidation tolerance, high ionic conductivity, and high Li+ transference number. The role of LLZTO filler in suppressing the side reactions between succinonitrile (SN) and the lithium metal anode and propelling the Li+ diffusion kinetics can be affirmed. The Li symmetric cells with LZT/SN-SPE cycled stably over 1100 h under a current density of 5 mA cm−2, and Li||LiFePO4 cells realized an excellent rate (92.40 mAh g−1 at 5 C) and long-term cycling performance (98.6% retention after 420 cycles at 1 C). Hence, it can provide a promising strategy for achieving high energy density solid-state LMBs.
Nanoparticle-Based Secretory Granules Induce a Specific and Long-Lasting Immune Response through Prolonged Antigen Release
Authors: Bosch-Camós Laia , Martínez-Torró Carlos , López-Laguna Hèctor , Lascorz Jara , Argilaguet Jordi , Villaverde Antonio , Rodríguez Fernando , Vázquez Esther
Published: February 2024

Developing prolonged antigen delivery systems that mimic long-term exposure to pathogens appears as a promising but still poorly explored approach to reach durable immunities. In this study, we have used a simple technology by which His-tagged proteins can be assembled, assisted by divalent cations, as supramolecular complexes with progressive complexity, namely protein-only nanoparticles and microparticles. Microparticles produced out of nanoparticles are biomimetics of secretory granules from the mammalian hormonal system. Upon subcutaneous administration, they slowly disintegrate, acting as an endocrine-like secretory system and rendering the building block nanoparticles progressively bioavailable. The performance of such materials, previously validated for drug delivery in oncology, has been tested here regarding the potential for time-prolonged antigen release. This has been completed by taking, as a building block, a nanostructured version of p30, a main structural immunogen from the African swine fever virus (ASFV). By challenging the system in both mice and pigs, we have observed unusually potent pro-inflammatory activity in porcine macrophages, and long-lasting humoral and cellular responses in vivo, which might overcome the need for an adjuvant. The robustness of both innate and adaptive responses tag, for the first time, these dynamic depot materials as a novel and valuable instrument with transversal applicability in immune stimulation and vaccinology.
Qualitatively and Quantitatively Different Configurations of Nematic–Nanoparticle Mixtures
Authors: Zid Maha , Pal Kaushik , Harkai Saša , Abina Andreja , Kralj Samo , Zidanšek Aleksander
Published: February 2024

We consider the influence of different nanoparticles or micrometre-scale colloidal objects, which we commonly refer to as particles, on liquid crystalline (LC) orientational order in essentially spatially homogeneous particle–LC mixtures. We first illustrate the effects of coupling a single particle with the surrounding nematic molecular field. A particle could either act as a “dilution”, i.e., weakly distorting local effective orientational field, or as a source of strong distortions. In the strong anchoring limit, particles could effectively act as topological point defects, whose topological charge q depends on particle topology. The most common particles exhibit spherical topology and consequently act as q = 1 monopoles. Depending on the particle’s geometry, these effective monopoles could locally induce either point-like or line-like defects in the surrounding LC host so that the total topological charge of the system equals zero. The resulting system’s configuration is topologically equivalent to a crystal-like array of monopole defects with alternating topological charges. Such configurations could be trapped in metastable or stable configurations, where the history of the sample determines a configuration selection.
Dietary Patterns, Dietary Adequacy and Nutrient Intake in Adults Commencing Peritoneal Dialysis: Outcomes from a Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Lambert Kelly , Ryan Michele , Flanagan Jade , Broinowski Georgie , Nicdao Maryann , Stanford Jordan , Chau Katrina
Published: February 2024

(1) Background: Optimal dietary intake is integral to good health in people receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). We investigated how dietary patterns, dietary adequacy and nutrient intake may change over time in people commencing PD. (2) Methods: Participants were attending the PD training unit for the commencement of peritoneal dialysis, aged ≥18 years and willing to complete food records. Misreporters were excluded from the analysis. Dietary intake was compared at PD commencement and at 12 months. Intake was also compared to reference standards. Dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis. (3) Results: There were no significant changes between baseline and 12 months for grains, fruit, vegetables and meat. Dairy and added sugar intake was significantly lower (p = 0.01). The intake of energy and protein was adequate and did not change. There was a significant reduction in dietary phosphorus and calcium, and increased vitamin C intake. Three dietary patterns were identified: the ‘Bread and Cereal’ pattern; ‘Milk and Potatoes’ pattern; and the ‘Semi Vegetarian’ pattern. (4) Conclusions: In this longitudinal cohort study, the diet quality was suboptimal and there were limited changes in intake after the commencement of PD. Further exploration of how dietary patterns may impact outcomes and quality of life is warranted.
Effects of Dietary Colostrum Basic Protein on Bone Growth and Calcium Absorption in Mice
Authors: Zhang Yiran , Qiao Ziyu , Yu Jiale , Shi Chenhong , Quan Rui , Zhang Wen , Bi Ran , Li Hongliang , Qian Wentao , Wang Menghui , Li Yixuan
Published: February 2024

Colostrum basic protein (CBP) is a trace protein extracted from bovine colostrum. Previous studies have shown that CBP can promote bone cell differentiation and increase bone density. However, the mechanism by which CBP promotes bone activity remains unclear. This study investigated the mechanism of the effect of CBP on bone growth in mice following dietary supplementation of CBP at doses that included 0.015%, 0.15%, 1.5%, and 5%. Compared with mice fed a normal diet, feeding 5% CBP significantly enhanced bone rigidity and improved the microstructure of bone trabeculae. Five-percent CBP intake triggered significant positive regulation of calcium metabolism in the direction of bone calcium accumulation. The expression levels of paracellular calcium transport proteins CLDN2 and CLDN12 were upregulated nearly 1.5-fold by 5% CBP. We conclude that CBP promotes calcium absorption in mice by upregulating the expression of the calcium-transporting paracellular proteins CLND2 and CLND12, thereby increasing bone density and promoting bone growth. Overall, CBP contributes to bone growth by affecting calcium metabolism.
Methodological Proposal for the Adaptation of the Living with Long-Term Conditions Scale to the Family Caregiver
Authors: Marín-Maicas Patricia , Portillo Mari Carmen , Corchón Silvia , Ambrosio Leire
Published: February 2024

(1) Background: Living with long-term conditions affects both patients and family caregivers. To obtain a more complete overview of this phenomenon, a measurement instrument is needed that includes both perspectives. The aim is to adapt a scale to family caregivers of individuals with long-term conditions. (2) Methods: A methodological proposal is presented that illustrates the adaptation of the EC-PC scale to the family caregiver. Three phases are proposed: adaptation of the items, panel of experts, and pre-test. (3) Results: In the adaptation phase, the items from the original EC-PC were modified to adapt them to the family caregiver, and new items were added associated with the differences in living with LTC from the perspective of family caregivers. In the panel of experts phase, a universal agreement was reached related to the clarity, relevance, and essentiality of the items included. In the pre-test phase, the content of the scale was verified quantitatively and qualitatively. (4) Conclusions: The content of the items of version 5 of the EC-PC-Family showed a high index of inter-judge agreement. When a phenomenon affects both patients and their environment, such as living with LTC, it is necessary to include both perspectives in the measurement tools.
Epidemiological Evaluation of Events Allegedly Attributable to COVID-19 Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Silva Matheus Sallys Oliveira , Sotelo Giovanni Moura , Fernandes Franciane de Paula , Valentim Livia de Aguiar , Paula Marcelo Silva de , Quaresma Tatiane Costa , Dias Márcia Jeane do Rego , Esquerdo Géssica Aleane Moraes , Moraes Waldiney Pires , Oliveira Sheyla Mara Silva de
Published: February 2024

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2, leading to the widespread outbreak of COVID-19, has unveiled a spectrum of symptoms and severe health complications, challenging healthcare systems and impacting millions of lives worldwide. To analyze events allegedly attributable to vaccination or immunization (ESAVI) against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in the municipality of Santarém, in the interior of the state of Pará, an epidemiological, descriptive study was conducted using data from e-SUS Notifica in Santarém/PA from January 2021 to January 2022. The analyzed data for ESAVI cases included the administered immunobiologicals (Coronavac, Covishield, and Comirnaty), the type of event, case progression, time in days between immunobiological administration, and symptom onset, causality, and classification of ESAVI according to the vaccine package inserts. The incidence rate of ESAVI due to the COVID-19 vaccine was 17 per 100,000 doses administered in the municipality. According to the ESAVI classification, 14.0% were classified as Serious ESAVI (ESAVIG) (IR: 8.12 per 100,000 doses administered), with 100% of these events resulting in full recovery without sequelae, and 82.4% of reported cases were classified as Non-Serious ESAVI (ESAVING) (IR: 47.78), of which 3.60% were immunization errors (IR: 2.08 IE per 100,000 doses). This study fosters discussion on the importance of accurate recording of ESAVI related to COVID-19 vaccines, demonstrating their safety for the population.
Isolation and Characterization of Environmental Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Authors: Kagambèga Alix Bénédicte , Dembélé René , Traoré Oumar , Wane Abdoul Aziz , Mohamed Alassane Halawen , Coulibaly Hiliassa , Fall Cheikh , Bientz Léa , M’Zali Fatima , Mayonnove Laure , Barro Nicolas , Dubois Véronique , Dieye Yakhya
Published: February 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat. Quality data are needed to address the rise of multidrug-resistant clones, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, we analysed the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance profile, and presence of genes encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp) in environmental samples from Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Of 264 samples collected, 95 (36%) and 74 (28%) contained ESBL-Kp and ESBL-Ec, respectively. ESBL-Kp was more prevalent in runoff water and in treated and untreated wastewater, while ESBL-Ec was more prevalent in manure. Interestingly, wastewater treatment did not significantly reduce the recovery of ESBL bacteria. As expected, resistance to third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins was predominant, and rare for second generation cefoxitin. Interestingly, all the isolates from treated wastewater were susceptible to ampicillin and piperacillin, while all the other clones were resistant to these antibiotics. Regarding the ESBL-encoding genes, the blaCTX-M family was the most abundant, with the blaCTX-M1 subfamily being the most prevalent. Carriage of combinations of ESBL genes was common, with the majority of the isolates harbouring 2–4 different genes. This study highlights the need for active surveillance to manage the risk of exposure to ESBL bacteria in Burkina Faso.
Synthesis of 5-Benzylamino and 5-Alkylamino-Substituted Pyrimido[4,5-c]quinoline Derivatives as CSNK2A Inhibitors with Antiviral Activity
Authors: Asressu Kesatebrhan Haile , Smith Jeffery L. , Dickmander Rebekah J. , Moorman Nathaniel J. , Wellnitz James , Popov Konstantin I. , Axtman Alison D. , Willson Timothy M.
Published: February 2024

A series of 5-benzylamine-substituted pyrimido[4,5-c]quinoline derivatives of the CSNK2A chemical probe SGC-CK2-2 were synthesized with the goal of improving kinase inhibitor cellular potency and antiviral phenotypic activity while maintaining aqueous solubility. Among the range of analogs, those bearing electron-withdrawing (4c and 4g) or donating (4f) substituents on the benzyl ring as well as introduction of non-aromatic groups such as the cyclohexylmethyl (4t) were shown to maintain CSNK2A activity. The CSNK2A activity was also retained with N-methylation of SGC-CK2-2, but α-methyl substitution of the benzyl substituent led to a 10-fold reduction in potency. CSNK2A inhibition potency was restored with indene-based compound 4af, with activity residing in the S-enantiomer (4ag). Analogs with the highest CSNK2A potency showed good activity for inhibition of Mouse Hepatitis Virus (MHV) replication. Conformational analysis indicated that analogs with the best CSNK2A inhibition (4t, 4ac, and 4af) exhibited smaller differences between their ground state conformation and their predicted binding pose. Analogs with reduced activity (4ad, 4ae, and 4ai) required more substantial conformational changes from their ground state within the CSNK2A protein pocket.
Evaluation of the Antifungal and Antiproliferative Properties of the Lichen Roccella tinctoria DC. Extracts and Main Components
Authors: Frezza Claudio , Fraioli Dalia Rosa , Conti Francesca , Nicolosi Roberta Maria , Scipione Luigi , Serafini Ilaria , Petrucci Rita , Di Matteo Paola , Rocco Daniele , Di Giacomo Silvia , Di Sotto Antonella , Bonincontro Graziana , Simonetti Giovanna , Garzoli Stefania , De Vita Daniela , Foddai Sebastiano
Published: February 2024

In this work, phytochemical analysis on different extracts of Roccella tinctoria DC. was reported using different techniques with respect to the past. Twenty volatile and three non-volatile compounds were identified, some of which were found in this species for the first time. The methanolic extracts and their non-volatile components were then evaluated for their antitumor effects in cancerous A549 and Mz-ChA-1 cells and for their tolerability in non-cancerous BEAS-2B and H69 cells, showing IC50 values from 94.6 µg/mL to 416.4 µg/mL, in general. The same extracts and compounds were also tested for their antifungal effects in Candida albicans, with only compound 2 being active, with an MIC50 value of 87 µg/mL. In addition, they were tested for their anti-Candida adhesion activity, anti-Candida biofilm formation, and anti-Candida mature biofilm inhibition, with efficacy percentages generally above 50% but not for all of them. Lastly, the DF3 extract and compounds 1–2 were tested in vivo according to the Galleria mellonella survival assay, showing positive mortality rates above 50% at different concentrations. All these biological assays were conducted on this species for the first time. Comparisons with other lichens and compounds were also presented and discussed.
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Bepotastine for Determination of Optimal Dosage Regimen in Pediatric Patients with Allergic Rhinitis or Urticaria
Authors: Yoon Sukyong , Jin Byung Hak , Kim Choon Ok , Park Kyungsoo , Park Min Soo , Chae Dongwoo
Published: February 2024

Bepotastine, a second-generation antihistamine for allergic rhinitis and urticaria, is widely used in all age groups but lacks appropriate dosing guidelines for pediatric patients, leading to off-label prescriptions. We conducted this study to propose an optimal dosing regimen for pediatric patients based on population pharmacokinetic (popPK) and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models using data from two previous trials. A popPK model was built using NONMEM software. A one-compartment model with first-order absorption and absorption lag time described our data well, with body weight incorporated as the only covariate. A PBPK model was developed using PK-Sim software version 10, and the model well predicted the drug concentrations obtained from pediatric patients. Furthermore, the final PBPK model showed good concordance with the known properties of bepotastine. Appropriate pediatric doses for different weight and age groups were proposed based on the simulations. Discrepancies in recommended doses from the two models were likely due to the incorporation of age-dependent physiological factors in the PBPK model. In conclusion, our study is the first to suggest an optimal oral dosing regimen of bepotastine in pediatric patients using both approaches. This is expected to foster safer and more productive use of the drug.
Functional Characterization of the MsFKF1 Gene Reveals Its Dual Role in Regulating the Flowering Time and Plant Height in Medicago sativa L.
Authors: Jiang Xu , Zhang Lili , Li Yajing , Long Ruicai , Yang Qingchuan , Kang Junmei
Published: February 2024

Alfalfa (M. sativa), a perennial legume forage, is known for its high yield and good quality. As a long-day plant, it is sensitive to changes in the day length, which affects the flowering time and plant growth, and limits alfalfa yield. Photoperiod-mediated delayed flowering in alfalfa helps to extend the vegetative growth period and increase the yield. We isolated a blue-light phytohormone gene from the alfalfa genome that is an ortholog of soybean FKF1 and named it MsFKF1. Gene expression analyses showed that MsFKF1 responds to blue light and the circadian clock in alfalfa. We found that MsFKF1 regulates the flowering time through the plant circadian clock pathway by inhibiting the transcription of E1 and COL, thus suppressing FLOWERING LOCUS T a1 (FTa1) transcription. In addition, transgenic lines exhibited higher plant height and accumulated more biomass in comparison to wild-type plants. However, the increased fiber (NDF and ADF) and lignin content also led to a reduction in the digestibility of the forage. The key genes related to GA biosynthesis, GA20OX1, increased in the transgenic lines, while GA2OX1 decreased for the inactive GA transformation. These findings offer novel insights on the function of MsFKF1 in the regulation of the flowering time and plant height in cultivated M. sativa. These insights into MsFKF1’s roles in alfalfa offer potential strategies for molecular breeding aimed at optimizing flowering time and biomass yield.
Mechanochemical Encapsulation of Caffeine in UiO-66 and UiO-66-NH2 to Obtain Polymeric Composites by Extrusion with Recycled Polyamide 6 or Polylactic Acid Biopolymer
Authors: Pina-Vidal Cristina , Berned-Samatán Víctor , Piera Elena , Caballero Miguel Ángel , Téllez Carlos
Published: February 2024

The development of capsules with additives that can be added to polymers during extrusion processing can lead to advances in the manufacturing of textile fabrics with improved and durable properties. In this work, caffeine (CAF), which has anti-cellulite properties, has been encapsulated by liquid-assisted milling in zirconium-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with different textural properties and chemical functionalization: commercial UiO-66, UiO-66 synthesized without solvents, and UiO-66-NH2 synthesized in ethanol. The CAF@MOF capsules obtained through the grinding procedure have been added during the extrusion process to recycled polyamide 6 (PA6) and to a biopolymer based on polylactic acid (PLA) to obtain a load of approximately 2.5 wt% of caffeine. The materials have been characterized by various techniques (XRD, NMR, TGA, FTIR, nitrogen sorption, UV–vis, SEM, and TEM) that confirm the caffeine encapsulation, the preservation of caffeine during the extrusion process, and the good contact between the polymer and the MOF. Studies of the capsules and PA6 polymer+capsules composites have shown that release is slower when caffeine is encapsulated than when it is free, and the textural properties of UiO-66 influence the release more prominently than the NH2 group. However, an interaction is established between the biopolymer PLA and caffeine that delays the release of the additive.
Retention of Ciprofloxacin and Carbamazepine from Aqueous Solutions Using Chitosan-Based Cryostructured Composites
Authors: Dumitru Marinela-Victoria , Neagu Ana-Lorena , Miron Andreea , Roque Maria Inês , Durães Luisa , Gavrilă Ana-Mihaela , Sarbu Andrei , Iovu Horia , Chiriac Anita-Laura , Iordache Tanța Verona
Published: February 2024

Water pollution is becoming a great concern at the global level due to highly polluted effluents, which are charged year by year with increasing amounts of organic residues, dyes, pharmaceuticals and heavy metals. For some of these pollutants, the industrial treatment of wastewater is still relevant. Yet, in some cases, such as pharmaceuticals, specific treatment schemes are urgently required. Therefore, the present study describes the synthesis and evaluation of promising cryostructured composite adsorbents based on chitosan containing native minerals and two types of reinforcement materials (functionalized kaolin and synthetic silicate microparticles). The targeted pharmaceuticals refer to the ciprofloxacin (CIP) antibiotic and the carbamazepine (CBZ) drug, for which the current water treatment process seem to be less efficient, making them appear in exceedingly high concentrations, even in tap water. The study reveals first the progress made for improving the mechanical stability and resilience to water disintegration, as a function of pH, of chitosan-based cryostructures. Further on, a retention study shows that both pharmaceuticals are retained with high efficiency (up to 85.94% CIP and 86.38% CBZ) from diluted aqueous solutions.
Determining the Role of Water Molecules in Sodalite Formation Using the Vapor Phase Crystallization Method
Authors: Belviso Claudia
Published: February 2024

The efficiency of the vapor phase crystallization (VPC) process in zeolite formation using mixtures of a natural source (obsidian) and common waste materials (red mud and fly ash) was analyzed. The aim was to demonstrate that water molecules available during this treatment control mainly the synthesis of sodalite, regardless of the raw material used, as long as it is rich in amorphous silica and alumina pre-fused with NaOH. The data indicate that increasing the temperature to generate steam from distilled water during the VPC process results in the continuous transformation of amorphous material into sodalite and, subordinately, cancrinite. The formation of the newly formed phases was monitored by powder XRD and SEM.
Customized Millimeter Wave Channel Model for Enhancement of Next-Generation UAV-Aided Internet of Things Networks
Authors: Altheeb Faisal , Elshafiey Ibrahim , Altamimi Majid , Sheta Abdel-Fattah A.
Published: February 2024

The success of next-generation Internet of Things (IoT) applications could be boosted with state-of-the-art communication technologies, including the operation of millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands and the implementation of three-dimensional (3D) networks. With some access points (APs) mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), the probability of line-of-sight (LoS) connectivity to IoT nodes could be augmented to address the high path loss at mmWave bands. Nevertheless, system optimization is essential to maintaining reliable communication in 3D IoT networks, particularly in dense urban areas with elevated buildings. This research adopts the implementation of a geometry-based stochastic channel model. The model customizes the standard clustered delay line (CDL) channel profile based on the environmental geometry of the site to obtain realistic performance and optimize system design. Simulation validation is conducted based on the actual maps of highly dense urban areas to demonstrate that the proposed approach is comprehensive. The results reveal that the use of standard channel models in the analysis introduces errors in the channel quality indicator (CQI) that can exceed 50% due to the effect of the environmental geometry on the channel profile. The results also quantify accuracy improvements in the wireless channel and network performance in terms of the CQI and downlink (DL) throughput.
Emotional Intelligence and Internal Marketing as Determinants of Job Satisfaction and Satisfaction with Life among Portuguese Professionals
Authors: Serafim Ana , Veloso Cláudia Miranda , Rivera-Navarro Jesús , Sousa Bruno
Published: February 2024

The main purpose of this study is to analyze emotional intelligence and internal marketing as predictors of job satisfaction and satisfaction with life among working professionals in Portugal. At the same time, the relationships between internal marketing, job satisfaction, job determinants, organizational commitment, job performance and employee loyalty are explored. To this end, a conceptual model and a set of hypotheses were defined to respond to the postulated research objectives using structural equation modeling, applied to a random sample (n = 1310). The research results show that internal marketing has a statistically significant influence on job satisfaction. In turn, job satisfaction has a direct and positive influence on employee commitment and employee loyalty. Commitment and emotional intelligence have a direct, positive and significant influence on performance. Job satisfaction and emotional intelligence have a positive influence on satisfaction with life. This study presents itself as a novelty for science while making important contributions to organizations since it conceives a new conceptual model that enables organizations to perceive the relationships between the different determinants of job satisfaction and performance in order to promote their productivity, profitability and organizational competitiveness.
Driving Configuration for Growth of New Technology-Based Ventures in China from an Optimal Distinctiveness Perspective
Authors: Gui Jialin , Dai Dashuang , Zong Qilong
Published: February 2024

The survival and sustainable development of new technology-based ventures (NTBVs) have become challenging due to the unpredictable and dynamic technological environment as well as the scarcity of their own resources. Considering the tension between “conformity” and “distinctiveness” faced in NTBVs’ growth, based on the optimal distinctiveness perspective, we develop a configurational framework to investigate how combinations of multiple factors (i.e., political guanxi, business guanxi, exploratory innovation, exploitative innovation, environmental dynamism, and environmental munificence) lead to high enterprise growth. This study analyzes survey data of 30 Chinese NTBVs by conducting a necessary condition analysis (NCA) to inspect the necessary relationships between each condition and the outcome and employs fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to determine the configurations to achieve growth. It is shown that individual elements do not compose the necessary conditions for yielding high enterprise growth, and high levels of new venture growth require different configurations of antecedents to be achieved. Furthermore, four types of driving pathways are identified for the NTBVs’ growth, each of which contains different compositions of enterprise strategy and external environment. These findings enhance the literature on enterprise growth and its influencing factors and provide implications for NTBVs to achieve high-quality growth and development.
Participatory Mapping for Enhancing Flood Risk Resilient and Sustainable Urban Drainage: A Collaborative Approach for the Genoa Case Study
Authors: Gnecco Ilaria , Pirlone Francesca , Spadaro Ilenia , Bruno Fabrizio , Lobascio Maria Cristina , Sposito Sabrina , Pezzagno Michele , Palla Anna
Published: February 2024

Planning for resilient cities requires an evidence-based understanding of flood risk and the involvement of stakeholders and local actors. The paper addresses research developed within the URCA!—Urban Resilience to Climate Change: to activate the participatory mapping and decision support tool for enhancing sustainable urban drainage—project. A top-down/bottom-up participatory and flexible methodology for the conception of participatory mapping aimed at the planning and installation of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) on the territory is then developed. The innovative methodology is applied and tested in the case study of the Sampierdarena district in Genoa, northern Italy. This research paper illustrates the development of a participatory map (Pmap) that can support the implementation of SUDS as mitigation/adaptation strategies, integrating technical assessment and containing community visions and expectations. Findings concerning the connections between proposed SUDS locations and their frequencies confirm the relevance of the commercial area and the main traffic lanes along, confirming that all zones characterized by intense vehicular and pedestrian flow are suitable for SUDS as a solution to contribute to urban flood resilience. The georeferenced and intergenerational Pmap may be integrated into a decision support system to be developed as a guidance tool for the public administration.
Deodorisation of Ventilated Air from a Fat-Processing Plant Using Different Types of Biofilter Fillings and Membranes
Authors: Szyłak-Szydłowski Mirosław , Kulig Andrzej
Published: February 2024

The aim of the research is to assess changes in odour concentration in the ventilated air of a production hall, using different types of biofilter fillings and different types of membranes. Deodorisation was carried out using a mobile combined biofilter at a plant producing lard and liquid oils. Ventilated air from the hall contained organic and inorganic pollutants. Two types of fillings were used for technological tests: stumpwood chips mixed with pine bark and a mix of stumpwood chips with pine bark and green waste compost. Two types of membranes were also used, differing in thickness, permeability, and water resistance. The subjects of the research were the air supplied to the filter, lifted directly from the bed, and the air above the membranes. The deodorisation efficiency—the percentage reduction in the odour concentration value as a result of air flow through the bed and membranes—was calculated. The filtration methods used allowed the selection of the most advantageous technological variant from the point of view of deodorisation effectiveness: a mix of stumpwood chips with pine bark and the Pro Eko Tex UV membrane. It has a total odour reduction efficiency of 99.3–99.9% and has been added to full-scale implementation works.
Generalised Linear Modelling for Construction Waste Estimation in Residential Projects: Case Study in New Zealand
Authors: Domingo Niluka , Edirisinghe Heshani M. , Kahandawa Ravindu , Wedawatta Gayan
Published: February 2024

Construction waste is a global problem, including in New Zealand where it makes up 40–50% of landfill waste. Accurately measuring construction waste is crucial to reduce its impact on New Zealand’s landfills and meet carbon targets. Waste can be effectively managed if predicted correctly from the start of a project. Waste generation depends on factors such as geography, society, technology, and construction methods. This study focuses on developing a model specific to New Zealand to predict waste generation in residential buildings. By analysing data from 213 residential projects, the study identifies the design features that have the greatest influence on construction waste generation. A generalized linear model is constructed to correlate these design features with waste generation. The findings are valuable for construction stakeholders seeking to implement waste reduction strategies based on predicted waste quantities. This research serves as a starting point, and further investigation in this area is necessary.
Transforming Mining Waste to Wealth: A Novel Process for the Sustainable Recovery and Utilization of Iron Tailings through HCl Leaching and MOFs Absorption
Authors: Wu Zhongming , Deng Jianxin , Zhao Tuanwei , Zhou Yang , Kang Yongfu , Bai Xiangxiang , Hong Fei , Fu Longfei , Li Gensheng , Zhang Zhiyi , Guan Weiming
Published: February 2024

Rapid economic development and increased demand for mineral products in China have led to extensive extraction of various ores, resulting in significant environmental challenges associated with the generation of industrial solid waste, particularly iron tailings. Despite being a major mining nation, China faces issues of wasteful practices, with substantial amounts of valuable elements lost during the processing of iron ore. This study addresses the urgent need for sustainable solutions by proposing an innovative approach for the recovery of valuable elements from iron tailings. The proposed process involves a sequential application of acid leaching, chemical precipitation, and Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) ion adsorption. The pre-treated iron tailings were leached in HCl solution with pH 1.5 at 70 °C for 2 h, and the co-leaching efficiency of 98.1% V, 98.2% Mo, 99.3% Fe, and 98.7% Mg was obtained. Chemical precipitation is then employed to isolate Fe, Mg V, and Mo and promote the formation of targeted compounds, ensuring concentration and purity. The integration of MOF ion adsorption, known for its high surface area and tunable pore structures, provides an efficient platform for selectively capturing and recovering target ions. 97.7% V and 96.3% Mo were selectively extracted from Zirconium 1,4-carboxybenzene metal-organic framework (UiO-66) adsorption system with pH 5.0 at 30 °C for 6 h, and 91.7% V and 90.3% Mo were selectively extracted from 2-methylimidazole zinc salt metal-organic framework (ZIF-8) adsorption system with pH 5 at 30 °C for 6.0 h. This three-stage process offers an efficient method for the recovery of valuable elements from iron tailings.
Assessment of Nitrogen Sources and Management for Sustainable Nitrogen Use in Subtropical Conditions: A Varietal Performance Study on Rice and Weed Growth
Authors: Kheya Sinthia Afsana , Salam Md. Abdus , Uddin Md. Romij , Hasan Ahmed Khairul , Islam Md. Shafiqul
Published: February 2024

When growing rice, nitrogen (N) is the most vital component since it determines how much grain the crop will produce. Among the many causes of rice’s low productivity, improper nitrogen supply and inefficient nitrogen use are thought to be an important issue. In order to ensure sustainable N-management as well as to lower N-losses, it was decided to investigate how various rice cultivars react to both organic and inorganic nitrogen sources, as well as how weed infestation behavior changes with these sources in boro rice fields. Five distinct fertilizer combinations, including the control, were tested in an entirely block design that was randomized and had three replications. Each of the following sources of N: urea (prilled) at 100% of the RD (N100PU), poultry manure at 100% of the RD (N100PM), urea at 50% of the RD + poultry manure at 50% of the RD (N50PU+50PM), and urea super granule at 100% of the RD (2.7 g per 4 hills) (NUSG) were administered on BRRI dhan29, BRRI dhan88, BRRI dhan92 and BRRI dhan96, respectively. It is observed that N50PU+50PM was beneficial for weed among the nitrogen sources. But comparatively less weed invasion was noticed in the NUSG treated plots next to control specially in BRRI dhan29. With the use of NUSG, all of the varieties tested in this experimentation generated greater grain yield than they did with the use of the other nitrogen sources. When treated with NUSG, BRRI dhan29 showed a rise in grain yield around 64.34% and a greater nitrogen utilization efficiency compared to control. When benefit cost ratio (BCR) is considered, both the BCR and net income were the highest for the BRRI dhan29 variety while NUSG was employed. Finally, it can be inferred that, in comparison to other sources, the combination of BRRI dhan29 with application of NUSG appeared as the promising combination in order to increase grain production while improving nitrogen use efficiency, greatest BCR and to lessen the infestation of weeds throughout the boro season.
Predicting the Production and Depletion of Rare Earth Elements and Their Influence on Energy Sector Sustainability through the Utilization of Multilevel Linear Prediction Mixed-Effects Models with R Software
Authors: El Azhari Hamza , Cherif El Khalil , El Halimi Rachid , Azzirgue El Mustapha , Ou Larbi Yassine , Coren Franco , Salmoun Farida
Published: February 2024

For many years, rare earth elements (REEs) have been part of a wide range of applications (from cell phones and batteries to electric vehicles and wind turbines) needed for daily life all over the world. Moreover, they are often declared to be part of “green technology”. Therefore, the data obtained from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) on the reserve and production of rare earth elements underwent treatment using the multivariate imputation by chained equations (MICE) algorithm to recover missing data. Initially, a simple linear regression model was chosen, which only considered fixed effects (β) and ignored random effects (Ui). However, recognizing the importance of accounting for random effects, the study subsequently employed the multilevel Linear Mixed-Effects (LME) model. This model allows for the simultaneous estimation of both fixed effects and random effects, followed by the estimation of variance parameters (γ, ρ, and σ2). The study demonstrated that the adjusted values closely align with the actual values, as indicated by the p-values being less than 0.05. Moreover, this model effectively captures the sample’s error, fixed, and random components. Also, in this range, the findings indicated two standard deviation measurements for fixed and random effects, along with a variance measurement, which exhibits significant predictive capabilities. Furthermore, within this timeframe, the study provided predictions for world reserves of rare earth elements in various countries until 2053, as well as world production forecasts through 2051. Notably, China is expected to maintain its dominant position in both reserve and production, with an estimated production volume of 101,985.246 tons, followed by the USA with a production volume of 15,850.642 tons. This study also highlights the periodic nature of production, with a specific scale, as well as periodicity in reserve. These insights can be utilized to define and quantify sustainability and to mitigate environmental hazards associated with the use of rare earth materials in the energy industry. Additionally, they can aid in making informed decisions regarding at-risk rare earth reserves, considering potential future trends in electric vehicle (EV) production up to the year 2050.
An Analysis of the Acceptance of Water Management Systems among Smallholder Farmers in Numbi, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa
Authors: Morepje Mishal Trevor , Agholor Isaac Azikiwe , Sithole Moses Zakhele , Mgwenya Lethu Inneth , Msweli Nomzamo Sharon , Thabane Variety Nkateko
Published: February 2024

The study investigated the relationship between smallholder farmers’ socioeconomic characteristics and their choice to implement formal water management systems in the context of agricultural output in Numbi, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. Numbi is a farming community situated in the Mbombela Local Municipality within the Ehlanzeni District Municipality of Mpumalanga Province. The study featured 141 smallholder farmers who were chosen using a straightforward random sampling method. A systematic and structured questionnaire was used to collect the data, and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the acceptability of formal water management systems among smallholder farmers. The results revealed statistically significant relationships with gender (p = 0.025), age (p = 0.186), educational level (p = 0.087), farm size (p = 0.151), household size (p = 0.041), and the use of alternative irrigation (p < 0.001). These findings underscore the importance of socioeconomic factors in influencing smallholder farmers’ openness to adopting formal water management systems. The study, therefore, recommends that policymakers, extension agents, and other stakeholders should prioritize farmer socioeconomic factors when advocating for the acceptance of formal water management systems. Hence, water-use efficiency, increased crop yields, and livelihood security will be eminent, thus improving the overall farmer quality of life in the study area.
Crafting Sustainable Healthcare Environments Using Green Building Ratings for Aging Societies
Authors: Miao Yijia , Yu Doris Sau Fung , Tan Weiguang , Lau Sunnie Sing Yeung , Lau Stephen Siu Yu , Tao Yiqi
Published: February 2024

As global demographics shift towards an aging population, the need for sustainable healthcare environments becomes increasingly critical. This study addresses this imperative by examining the application of Green Building Rating Systems (GBRSs) in healthcare facilities, such as hospitals and nursing homes. It emphasizes the urgency of developing environmental assessment criteria specifically tailored for healthcare buildings to meet the challenges posed by an aging society. The research involved an extensive examination of a wide array of sustainability indicators from the literature, coupled with a Delphi survey involving a panel of 15 experts to guide the rigorous selection and validation process. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was then applied to assign relative weights to each indicator, culminating in a specialized evaluative framework that includes 54 sustainability indicators across various dimensions. This framework is designed to support decision-making in the design process of new or retrofitted healthcare buildings, offering a comprehensive tool for creating sustainable healthcare settings. The findings and proposed framework aim to act as a reference for future development, supporting the creation of sustainable healthcare settings in Hong Kong and potentially informing similar efforts in other urban areas with similar challenges.