bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Palliative Care in the Caribbean Through the Lens of Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Spence Dingle , Greaves Natalie , Chin Sheray N. , Shields Alexandra
Published: October 2018

Purpose

Across the Caribbean, too many women are presenting with advanced breast cancer and dying with little or no access to palliative care. No comprehensive assessment of the current capacity to deliver palliative care in the region exists, largely because of limited data. Cancer is the second leading cause of death, and significant numbers of patients present with advanced disease. Breast cancer is no exception, with an incidence rate of more than 26% and a mortality rate accounting for 17% of all cancer-related deaths in women. In this paper, we assess the challenges and opportunities that are faced by small island states in delivering palliative care through the lens of women with breast cancer.

Methods

We performed a systematic review of the literature on palliative care provision in the region. Background information and country statistics were obtained from recognized databases, such as GLOBOCAN and Pan American Health Organization country cancer profiles, and information on opioid usage from the Pain and Policy Study Group. Much of the detailed information gleaned for this paper was through personal communication.

Results

Palliative care provision in the Caribbean exists in isolated pockets throughout the region. Capturing data on the palliative care capacity in the Caribbean was challenging, as electronic health records and robust data collection is not yet the norm. Challenges included insufficient health care infrastructure to support the spectrum of cancer care, tremendous unmet need for palliative care, pervasive opiophobia that resulted in limited access to opioids for pain relief, patients’ reluctance to engage early with clinical care, and widespread use of complementary and alternative medicines before the acceptance of conventional care.

Conclusion

This is the first study to our knowledge to examine the extent of palliative care service provision across the Caribbean. We conclude that there is an urgent need to improve access to palliative care and pain relief for patients with cancer in the region. Our proposed solutions include strengthening regional collaboration through policy and guideline development, human resource training, improved availability and accessibility of opioid medicines, and in-country development of information technology infrastructure to support patient care and research.

AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

The following represents disclosure information provided by authors of this manuscript. All relationships are considered compensated. Relationships are self-held unless noted. I = Immediate Family Member, Inst = My Institution. Relationships may not relate to the subject matter of this manuscript. For more information about ASCO's conflict of interest policy, please refer to www.asco.org/rwc or ascopubs.org/jco/site/ifc . Sheray N. Chin Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Roche Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, AstraZeneca
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Effects of Androgen-Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Gupta Dipti , Lee Chuy Katherine , Yang Ji Can , Bates Megan , Lombardo Marissa , Steingart Richard M.
Published: October 2018

Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) entails lowering serum testosterone levels to castrate levels and forms a cornerstone of the management of hormone-sensitive advanced prostate cancer; however, the benefit of ADT is partially offset by its detrimental metabolic and cardiovascular adverse effects. ADT decreases insulin sensitivity while promoting dyslipidemia and sarcopenic obesity, which leads to an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and potentially mortality. The risk seems to be highest in elderly patients who have had recent cardiovascular events before starting ADT. It is prudent to engage in an individualized risk–benefit discussion and develop a cohesive multidisciplinary management plan to medically optimize and closely observe these patients before and during treatment with ADT.
Evaluation of Dihedral Angles of Peptides Using IR Bands of Two Successive Isotope Labeled Residues
Authors: Okabe Hitomi , Miyata Daisuke , Nakabayashi Takakazu , Hiramatsu Hirotsugu
Published: October 2018

The infrared (IR) absorption bands due to peptide bonds (amide bands) have long been used to determine the secondary structure of a peptide and to analyze intra- and intermolecular interactions between amides. In the present study, the dihedral angles of a residue in peptides have also been evaluated using the amide I IR band of two successive residues with isotope labeling. The two successive residues labeled with the 13C and 18O isotopes give the doublet amide I IR band and the intensity ratio (Rint) and the difference in peak position (Δν) of the doublet band were analyzed using GF matrix and ab initio molecular orbital calculations. We obtained the two-dimensional calculation maps of Rint and Δν against the two dihedral angles. The crossing point of the curves of Rint and Δν is the two dihedral angles of the measured residue. The evaluated dihedral angles of the simple peptides are compared with the reported values. We discuss the limitation and the application of the present method to biopolymers from the obtained results.
Extended Study on Electrophoretic Deposition Process of Inorganic Octahedral Metal Clusters: Advanced Multifunctional Transparent Nanocomposite Thin Films
Authors: Nguyen Ngan T K , Renaud Adèle , Dierre Benjamin , Bouteille Barbara , Wilmet Maxence , Dubernet Marion , Ohashi Naoki , Grasset Fabien , Uchikoshi Tetsuo
Published: October 2018

This review paper summarizes our very recent works on the synthesis of multifunctional transparent nanocomposite thin films or coatings based on metal atom clusters by an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process. Eight different octahedral atom clusters with niobium, molybdenum or tantalum as metallic cores were used to prepare highly transparent thin films in the visible. Green, yellow, orange, red and brown colored films were successfully fabricated by coating on a transparent conductive oxide glass substrate. Transparent nanocomposite films with prominent luminescent properties were obtained by using Mo6 clusters whereas ultra-violet (UV) and near infrared (NIR) filters were realized by using Nb6 or Ta6 clusters. The EPD process appears to be a new strategy to fabricate highly transparent, homogeneous and colored nanocomposite thin films and coatings for smart windows and solar technologies in a very short time (<90 s).
ΕΠΙΔΡΑΣΙΣ ΤΗΣ ΘΕΙΜΠΕΝΖΟΛΗΣ ΕΠΙ ΤΗΣ ΔΙΑ ΠΥΤΙΑΣ ΠΗΚΤΙΚΟΤΗΤΟΣ ΤΟΥ ΠΡΟΒΕΙΟΥ ΓΑΛΑΚΤΟΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΩΝ ΙΔΙΟΤΗΤΩΝ ΤΟΥ ΤΥΡΟΥ
Authors: ΠΑΝΕΤΣΟΣ ΑΧΙΛΛΕΑΣ
Published: October 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
ΚΑΤΑΠΟΛΕΜΗΣΙΣ ΤΩΝ ΒΡΟΥΚΕΛΛΩΣΕΩΝ ΕΙΣ ΤΗΝ ΜΕΣΟΓΕΙΑΚΗΝ ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗΝ
Authors: ΚΑΡΒΟΥΝΑΡΗΣ Π. Α.
Published: October 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
TO ΑΙΜΟΡΡΑΓΙΚΟΝ ΣΥΝΔΡΟΜΟΝ ΤΩΝ ΟΡΝΙΘΩΝ
Authors: ΑΡΤΟΠΟΙΟΣ Ε. , ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Α.
Published: October 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
ΣΤΕΙΡΟΤΗΣ ΤΩΝ ΑΓΕΛΑΔΩΝ
Authors: ΡΩΣΣΗΣ Θ. Ι.
Published: October 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
ΥΓΙΕΙΝΗ ΚΑΙ ΠΑΘΟΛΟΓΙΑ ΠΤΗΝΩΝ ΧΡΟΝΙΑ ΑΝΑΠΝΕΥΣΤΙΚΗ ΝΟΣΟΣ
Authors: GORDON R. F.
Published: October 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
ΡΙΚΚΕΤΤΣΙΩΣΕΙΣ ΚΑΙ ΝΕΟ - ΡΙΚΚΕΤΤΣΙΩΣΕΙΣ ΕΝ ΕΛΛΑΔΙ Ι. 'Ορολογική έρευνα έπί της έκ Rickettsia Burnetii μολύνσεως των κατοικίδιων ζώων
Authors: ΔΡΑΓΩΝΑΣ Π. Ν. , ΣΤΟΦΟΡΟΣ Ε. Ν.
Published: October 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
Current Situation in Turkish Sericulture Sector
Authors: POLAT M. , CEVGER Y.
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study is to assess sericulture sector according to actual data which has both cultural and economic value for Turkey and has feature of being a livestock sub-production area mostly considered as a source of additional income. Fresh cocoon, being the output of sericulture, is an important raw material for silk and silky textile industry and also has a traditional and cultural value. The situation assessment was made in terms of production level discussing the fresh cocoon data in Turkey by years. In Turkey, as of 2016, the annual cocoon production is 103 tons, and 2,001 families deal with this occupation. The organization and historical process of sericulture sector was discussed and the supports provided and changes over the years in sericulture sector were examined. The organization in sericulture dates back to old times. In 1940, the first cooperatives were founded in Bursa, Bilecik and Adapazarı in order to maintain and increase the cocoon production after the foundation of the Republic. These cooperatives were merged and Bursa Association of Agricultural Sales Cooperatives for Silk Cocoons (KOZABİRLİK) was founded on 11 May 1940. Although the support given to sericulture has changed over the years, is very important for the sector. By 2016, the purchase price of cocoons was 5 TL / kg while the price of support was 40 TL / kg. Some inferences were made about the market and foreign trade by taking into account the silky textile and silk carpet exportation, being the strength of the sector. Despite the decrease in export amount in recent years, only silk carpet exports have generated nearly 100 million dollars in income in the last 5 years. The key problems, faced in sericulture sector were determined and then to draw attention to these problems. The current situation assessment was made in the conclusion by making general inferences about the sector.
Relationship of the bovine IGF1, TG, DGAT1 and MYF5 genes to meat colour, tenderness and cooking loss
Authors: ARDICLI S. , SAMLI H. , DINCEL D. , EKIZ B. , YALCINTAN H. , VATANSEVER B. , BALCI F.
Published: October 2018

Bovine insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), thyroglobulin (TG), diacylglycerol-O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) and myogenic factor 5 (MYF5) genes play an important role in the physiology of lipid and muscle metabolism and are therefore considered as candidate genes for meat production traits in farm animals. The objectives of this study were to investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IGF1, TG, DGAT1 and MYF5 genes and to evaluate whether these polymorphisms affected meat colour, tenderness and cooking loss in Holstein cattle. Initially, the SNPs were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. Meat samples (N= 50) derived from M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) were used in the current study. Significant differences in variations of meat colour parameters were observed at 24 hours post-mortem. IGF1 was associated with colour parameters of a* and chroma values. In addition, effects of TG were statistically significant on L* and a* values, while, effects of MYF5 were significant on a* value. There was no association of the tested SNPs with meat pH, tenderness and cooking loss. The results presented here may give the valuable information for improving meat colour in cattle.
L-lysine determination in animal feed using microbiological microtiter plate assay
Authors: JAKŠIĆ S. , JAJIĆ I. , KRSTOVIĆ S. , MIHALJEV Ž.
Published: October 2018

Chromatographic methods are most commonly used for the analysis of amino acids; however, there is growing need for faster, simpler and more price-effective assays. In this paper, the applicability of a rapid microbiological assay for quantification of the total content of L-lysine in feed samples was evaluated. The assay relies on the dependency of bacterial growth of Pediococcus acidilactici on the presence of L-lysine. Microbiological microtiter plate assay method for the quantitative determination of total (added and natural) L-lysine in feed samples has been verified, and parameters such as accuracy, precision, limit of detection, and limit of determination were evaluated. Results of total L-lysine determination in different feed samples have been compared with results of validated HPLC method. The microbiological microtiter plate assay method can be employed as a qualitative and quantification method for total L-lysine determination with detection and determination limit of 0.040 % and 0.085 %, respectively. However, further research on the influence of sample matrix on the determination of low lysine levels is required.
Effect of microencapsulated butyric acid supplementation on growth performance, ileal digestibility of protein, duodenal morphology and immunity in broilers
Authors: IMRAN M. , AHMED S. , DITTA Y. A. , MEHMOOD S. , KHAN M. I. , GILLANI S. S. , RASOOL Z. , SOHAIL M. L. , MUSHTAQ A. , UMAR S.
Published: October 2018

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of microencapsulated butyric (MEB) acid on growth performance, apparent ileal digestibility of protein (AID), duodenal morphology and immunity in broilers reared to 35-days. In total, 336 one-day-old Hubbard classic broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments (Control, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.45g/kg of MEB). Each treatment was replicated 3 times with 28 birds in each replicate. Feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR), parameters of growth performance and intestinal morphology, AID of protein and immunity parameters were evaluated. At the end of the experiment (35-d), 3 birds / replicate were randomly selected and slaughtered to collect blood, duodenal samples, and ileal digesta. The result indicated improved body weight gain (P<0.05), feed conversion ratio (P<0.05) and AID (P<0.05) whereas, treatments remained unresponsive with respect to feed intake (P>0.05), duodenal villous height (P>0.05) and antibody titer against Newcastle disease (ND) (P>0.05). There is an indication that MEB improves the digestion and consequently bird’s performance.
In ovo hepatocarcinogenicity of N-nitrosodimethylamine and N-nitrosodimethylamine in White Leghorn chickens
Authors: KRIL A. , GEORGIEVA A. , NIKOLOV B. , PEPOVICH R. , HRISTOV K. , STOIMENOV G. , NIKOLOVA E. , PETROVA R. , ANANIEV J. , MANOV V.
Published: October 2018

Avian embryos have been gaining an increasing scientific interest as a valuable model system for the experimental cancer research that could contribute to a significant reduction of the number of laboratory animals. In the present study, the liver lesions induced by N-nitrosodimethylamine and N-nitrosodiethylamine in 15I line, White Leghorn embryos were identified and studied by routine histopathological method s. Foci of altered hepatocytes with basophilic and eosinophilic phenotype, well known as preneoplastic alterations were identified in the avian embryonal livers after in ovo exposure to both N-nitroso compounds. These studies were further extended by histopathological, haematological and biochemical examinations on the effects of N-nitrosodimethylamine in chickens hatched from carcinogen-inoculated eggs. In addition to the preneoplastic lesions observed in the avian livers, proliferations of oval and hepatocellular carcinoma cells, with clearly expressed signs of malignancy were found. The in ovo application of the chemical carcinogen was found to affect both hematological and blood biochemistry parameters measured in experimental birds. The established conditions such as thrombocytopenia and increased levels of liver enzymes, as an essential part of the paraneoplastic syndrome, were associated with the process of hepatocarcinogenesis. The results of this study confirm the preneoplastic nature of the focal lesions in embryonal avian liver and their progression to liver neoplastic alterations after a single in ovo application of known hepatocarcinogens. Moreover, the results indicate that 15I line, White Leghorn embryos are anew, valuable in ovo model for studies on hepatocarcinogenicity of chemical compounds and underline the importance of research on the development of different avian models of carcinogenicity.
Problematic polypharmacy: when to stop prescribing
Authors: Morgan Lindsay
Published: October 2018

Older people often take a range of different medicines; however, sometimes these do not provide any benefits or lead to side-effects requiring even more medication. Lindsay Morgan identifies situations when residents could actually benefit from less medication.
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status in first-trimester pregnant women
Authors: Wibowo Noroyono , Irwinda Rima , Bardosono Saptawati , Prameswari Natasya , Putri Atikah S. , Syafitri Inayah
Published: October 2018

Background: The beneficial effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) on maternal health have been widely investigated in pregnant women. First-trimester supplementation of LCPUFA has been reported to play a role in the inflammatory response, thus reducing a preterm birth and preeclampsia. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the blood concentration of LCPUFA in pregnant women in Indonesia. This study was conducted to evaluate the status of LCPUFA in first-trimester pregnant women in Jakarta, Indonesia.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted using the secondary data of 197 pregnant women in their first trimester who received antenatal care in Budi Kemuliaan Hospital during February 2012 to April 2015. Nutrient intake data were collected through interviews conducted using a semi-quantitative frequency food questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Total concentrations of linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (AA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were measured using gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Statistical analysis of the data was conducted using SPSS 20.0.Results: Most subjects had deficient blood concentrations of LA (74.1%), AA (85.3%), ALA (76.6%), and DHA (73.1%). The median total concentrations of LA, AA, ALA, EPA, and DHA were as follows: 76.08%, 14.97%, 2.64%, 6.36%, and 1.18%, respectively. The median EPA+DHA level was 7.98%. A total of 38 women (19.3%) were classified as high-risk subjects based on the omega-3 index. No correlation was observed between total DHA+EPA concentration and birth weight (r=0.027, p=0.709). However, a significant difference was detected between the concentrations of LA, AA, and ALA and the maternal body mass index (p<0.05).Conclusion: Most subjects had low intake and blood concentrations of LA, AA, ALA, EPA, and DHA in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Modified exorotation graft tension for tibial fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pontoh Ludwig A.P. , Dilogo Ismail H. , Bardosono Saptawati , Lubis Andri M.T. , Harahap Alida R. , Pandelaki Jacub , Hidayat Mohammad
Published: October 2018

Background: The inability of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) surgery to reduce tibial internal rotation causes many problems. A large tibial internal rotation will result in a patellofemoral pain syndrome. This study aimed to introduce a new technique of modified exorotation graft tension at tibial fixation to minimize endorotation, reduce tibial internal rotation, and prevent patellofemoral pain syndrome.Methods: This study was a randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial. ACL rupture patients underwent ACLR surgery between December 2014 and Februrary 2015. They were randomized to standard endorotation group or modified exorotation group. Hamstring autograft was used and fixed with an EndoButton® and bioabsorbable interference screw. Tibial tubercle to trochlear grove (TTTG) was used to evaluate rotation, whereas cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) was employed to analyze cartilage breakdown. The functional outcome was measured using the Kujala score to assess patellofemoral joint function. Evaluations were conducted before the surgery and at 6 months postoperation.Results: A total of 29 subjects were recruited. Sixteen subjects were allocated into the standard endorotation group, and 13 were assigned to the modified exorotation group. The exorotation group demonstrated better results than the endorotation group in all three parameters: TTTG (p=0.028), COMP (p<0.001), and Kujala score (p=0.015).Conclusion: A new technique of modified exorotation direction of graft tension for ACL reconstructive surgery at tibial fixation showed a significant reduction in tibial internal rotation and cartilage breakdown. The proposed method could significantly improve the functional outcome of those with total ACL rupture.
Expressions of stemness markers in keloid tissue
Authors: Ningsih Sri S. , Sari Dewi H. , Antarianto Radiana D. , Hardiany Novi S. , Sadikin Mohamad , Wanandi Septelia I. , Jusman Sri W.A.
Published: October 2018

Background: Keloid is an abnormal wound healing process that extends beyond the site of injury. Keloid and tumor’s shared similarity of recurrence suggesting a shared underlying mechanism that involves stemness. Octamer-binding transcription factor-4 (Oct-4) and aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1) are stem cell stemness markers. This study aimed to analyze Oct-4 and ALDH1 expressions in keloid tissues.Methods: Samples were obtained from keloid tissue excisions from three keloid patients and post-circumcision preputial skin from three healthy donors (normal control) in accordance with the local ethical committee regulation. Total RNA was isolated using TriPure Isolation kit (Ameritech), and expressions of Oct4 and ALDH1 mRNA in keloid and preputial skin were determined by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) using Livak method.Results: The qRT-PCR analysis revealed the expressions of Oct4 and ALDH1 in keloid and preputial skin tissues. Keloid tissues exhibited lower expression levels of Oct-4 and ALDH1 than the preputial skin. The difference was statistically insignificant.Conclusion: Keloid tissues express Oct-4 and ALDH1 as stemness markers, and the stemness characteristics of keloid might be similar to a normal skin.
Perception of the Zika virus infection and its influence on Zika prevention practices by pregnant women at the Region 5 Health Promotion Center in Thailand
Authors: Siramaneerat Issara
Published: October 2018

Background: The Zika virus (ZIKA) infection in pregnant women causes microcephaly, a brain disorder resulting in severe birth defects. The objective of this study was to identify the factors that influence Zika prevention practices by pregnant women at the Region 5 Health Promotion Center in Thailand.Methods: A cross-sectional study applied a survey method to collect data from pregnant women between 18 and 45 years of age. The sampling method used multistage random sampling. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis.Results: The findings indicated that 5 of 12 factors could significantly predict Zika prevention practices of pregnant women at the Health Promotion Center Region 5 in Thailand: education, smoking behavior, check-up status during pregnancy, perception of susceptibility, and perception of benefit.Conclusion: The results show a direct correlation between the perception of susceptibility and benefit and Zika prevention practices. Policies for promoting Zika knowledge and preventive behavior by providing information about Zika should focus on changing the thoughts, attitudes, and beliefs of pregnant women and their families.
Improvement of well-being in cancer patients by yoga training
Authors: Haier Jörg , Duda Antje , Branss-Tallen Claudia
Published: October 2018

Background: Cancer patients frequently suffer from a reduced physical activity. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as yoga, provide opportunities to deal with these symptoms. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of yoga on the well-being of cancer patients.Methods: Between 2015 and 2017, we analyzed the effects of yoga on the well-being of cancer patients. Fifty-one patients received yoga training specifically designed to address cancer-related problems. Before the start (SoS) and after the end (EoS) of training, the WHO-5 well-being index was used to evaluate patients’ perception.Results: WHO-5 scores significantly improved from 47.1±21.4 at SoS to 69.7±15.1 at EoS. Patients in the middle age group (EoS–SoS: 28.0±20.6) showed a significantly higher benefit (p<0.005) compared with age groups <40 years (EoS–SoS: 10.7±15.4) and >60 years (EoS–SoS: 16.0±12.1). Patients with low initial scores benefited most from yoga.Conclusion: Our study showed that yoga training under experienced supervision could serve as a beneficial complementary treatment in cancer patients. Best effects were observed in patients with highly reduced well-being and 40–60-year-old patients.
Erratum: Chronic physical exercise increases a neurogenesis marker within hippocampus
Authors: Zulkarnain Mohammad , Flora Rostika , Andrianti Septi
Published: October 2018

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.13181/mji.v27i2.1685]
‘It’s like a souvenir of something that was important’: The role of nostalgic memorabilia in psychological well-being
Authors: Masuch Christoph-Simon , Hefferon Kate
Published: October 2018

The identity-establishing powers of actively worn fashion, clothing and dress have been widely explored by fashion scholars. However, the phenomenological aspects of fashion, clothing and dress in general, and the identity-establishing role of retained and treasured yet no longer or only occasionally worn vestimentary objects, have only been marginally explored. Based on data from a constructivist grounded theory analysis on the relationship between well-being and clothing practices, this study expands upon the findings of one particular theme, Eudaimonic Well-Being, and the role of nostalgia and dress memorabilia in identity formation. From semi-structured interviews with ten participants, two additional subthemes were identified: Reminiscing about Past Selves and Preserving Aspects of Self. These themes revealed that dress memorabilia served as aides-memoires and were the storage media of complex, self-relevant information spurring self-reflection. Furthermore, they enabled the positively framed reconsideration of past selves as well as the integration of aspects of past selves into the self-concept. Findings from this study are contextualized and integrated into existing phenomenological works on fashion, clothing and dress. Finally, the concept of dress nostalgia is furthermore developed and future routes for subsequent research are suggested.
LABORATORY CULTURE OF THE SEAGRASS, Halophila ovalis (R.BR.) HOOKER F.
Authors: Bujang Japar Sidik , Huat Lim Lai , Zakaria Muta Harah , Arshad Azis , Ogawa Hisao
Published: October 2018

A small-culture system for growing of Halophila ovalis was developed. Plugs of explants were successfuly grown in the native substrate and under the light regime of ~200 imol m-2 s-1. The culturing of H. ovalis in the laboratory permitted observations on (i) the sustain growth and the development of the population, (ii) the reproductive biology (flowering and fruiting) and (iii) the pattern of seedling development from seeds to mature plants. Plants increased in density via vegetative propagation and sexual reproduction. Plants produced male, female flowers and fruits. The presence of viable seeds and seedlings demonstrated the successful pollination and sexual reproduction of H. ovalis in culture. The morphology of progressive development of H. ovalis seedlings to juvenile or young plants for H. ovalis in culture is described.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN THE CONSERVATION AREAS OF GILIMANUK BAY, WEST COAST OF BALI
Authors: Muchtar Muswerry
Published: October 2018

The study on chemical properties in the conservation areas of Gilimanuk Bay, west coast of Bali was carried out in March 2006. The dissolved oxygen and degree of acidity (pH) in surface water were analyzed. The nutrients, consisting of phosphate, nitrate and ammonia concentrations in water were analyzed as well. In general all the chemical parameters were normal for coastal waters. Dissolved oxygen in this area was lower than those in Jakarta Bay and Panimbang waters, while the nutrient concentrations were lower compared to those of Cisadane Estuary, but higher compared to those of Mamberamo Waters. The fluctuations of pH, dissolved oxygen and other nutrients were influenced by the condition of surrounding area.
THE DISTRIBUTION OF HEAVY METALS IN SEDIMENT OF JAKARTA BAY
Authors: Rochyatun Endang , Rozak A.
Published: October 2018

A survey on heavy metal content in seawater and sediment was conducted in Jakarta Bay in May and October 2004. There is indication of significant presence of heavy metal in sediment. The contents of heavy metals in sediment at the western part of Jakarta Bay varied as follows: Pb = 10.67-35.19 ppm, Cd = 0.04-0.30 ppm, Cu = 7.41-74.70 ppm, Zn = 76.99-497.53 ppm and Ni = 4.58-18.75 ppm. At the central part of Jakarta Bay, they varied as Pb = 6.69-64.44 ppm, Cd = 0.01-0.442 ppm, Cu = 1.19-40.60 ppm, Zn = 53.87-275.68 ppm and Ni = 4.09-11.88 ppm and at the eastern of Jakarta Bay, Pb content varied between 3.64 and 43.97 ppm, Cd = <0.001-0.320 ppm, Cu = 0.82-36.47 ppm, Zn = 78.27-230.68 ppm and Ni = 4.58-11.02 ppm. The concentration of Pb in May and of Cu in Octobei 2004 were found higher near the coast and decreases towards the open sea, which is commonly found in front of estuary such Angke and Cengkareng Drain. The concentration of Cd in Jakarta Bay was constant at all stations and does not show any correlation with the distance of station and estuary. Heavy metals content in sediment was high in Jakarta Bay.
RARELY REPORTED SPECIES OF INDONESIAN SEA CUCUMBERS
Authors: Wirawati Ismiliana , Purwati Pradina
Published: October 2018

More than 300 sea cucumber species have been recorded from Indonesian waters. This paper presents eight species which have been rarely reported. Actinopyga bannwarthi Panning, 1944, were found among fished sea cucumbers collected by fishermen in Kupang and Karimunjawa. Stichopus pseudohorrens Cherbonnier, 1967, was found in West Timor waters; Thelenota rubralienata Massin & Lane, 1991, and A. caerulea Samyn, Vandenspiegel & Massin, 2006, were collected from the reef in Halmahera, North Maluku. Four other species i.e. Bohadschia atra Massin, Rasolofonirina, Conand, Samyn, 1999; B. subrubra Quoy and Gaimard, 1833; Holothuria (Metriatyla) fuligina Cherbonnier, 1988, and H. (Thymiosycia) gracilis Semper, 1868, were discovered from Lombok waters. The latest mentioned species was also found among fished sea cucumbers in Karimunjawa. All species except T. rubralineata may be new records for Indonesia. In the case of H. (Thymiosycia) gracilis Semper, 1868, it was new record for Lombok waters, following its discovery from West Seram, Central Maluku.
THE ELASMOBRANCH NURSERY AREA OF JAKARTA BAY
Authors: Fahmi -
Published: October 2018

A study on the correlation between water, sediment qualities and the diversity of elasmobranchs in Jakarta Bayhas been conducted by the Research Center for Oceanography from the beginning of 2012. This paper presents apart of the study focusing on elasmobranch diversity and its size composition. Elasmobranchs in the coastal area ofJakarta Bay were collected using bottom gillnet every month to find out the species diversity and its size composition.The 162 collected individuals from Jakarta Bay were classified into eight species of rays and one whaler shark.Himantura gerrardi, H. uarnacoides, H. walga and Neotrygon kuhlii were the most common species found in thisarea. Interestingly, most specimens found in the area were immature and new born animals. This finding indicatesthat the coastal area of Jakarta Bay is one of nursery areas of most elasmobranchs living in adjacent waters althoughthe bay has been heavily polluted.
VARIABILITY OF SEA SURFACE CHLOROPHYLL-A, TEMPERATURE AND FISH CATCH WITHIN INDONESIAN REGION REVEALED BY SATELLITE DATA
Authors: Sachoemar Suhendar
Published: October 2018

The investigation of sea surface chlorophyll-a (SSC) and sea surface temperature (SST) in relation to fish catch variability within the Indonesian region were conducted by using satellite data of NOAA-AVHRR, SeaWiFs and Aqua MODIS. The investigation focused in the region of the coastal area of Java, Lampung Bay and South Kalimantan as representation of the environment diversities of the Indonesian seas.Â  The result shows that seasonal variation in fish productivity has a strong correlation with SSC variability. High fish productivity corresponded well with high concentration of SSC, and the productivity tended to decrease when the SSC concentration was declined. High SSC variability in the coastal area of Java and Lampung Bay was governed by the upwellingÂ  that induced high nutrient load into the sea surface during the southeast monsoon, whileÂ  in the northern coastal area of Java and South Kalimantan, it was governed by high precipitation ocurring during the northwest monsoon that enhanced the nutrient load through the rivers and coastal discharge.
KEBIJAKAN PEMBIAYAAN BAGI NELAYAN TRADISIONAL
Authors: Velentina Rouli Anita
Published: October 2018

Para nelayan di Indonesia umumnya hidup dalam garis kemiskinan. Hal ini merupakan suatu ironi sebab pengelolaan perikanan seharusnya mampu memberikan keuntungan dan manfaat sebesar-besarnya bagi peningkatan kesejahteraan rakyat. Pengertian “kesejahteraan rakyat” utamanya meningkatkan taraf hidup nelayan tradisional. Masyarakat nelayan menyandang stereotip berupa lemah, bodoh, tidak efisien dan tidak mampu merencanakan masa depan. Stereotip tersebut memengaruhi berbagai kebijakan Pemerintah bagi masyarakat nelayan. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk menelaah kebijakan pembiayaan bagi para nelayan tradisional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode yuridis normatif. Ada beberapa simpulan yang diperoleh. Pertama, minat lembaga perbankan untuk memberikan pinjaman kepada nelayan tradisional masih minim. Berdasarkan ketentuan yang berlaku, pemberian kredit bagi para nelayan tradisional dapat digolongkan sebagai pemberian kredit yang berisiko tinggi. Kedua, untuk meningkatkan minat lembaga perbankan, Pemerintah memegang peranan penting.
PENGISIAN JABATAN KEPALA DAERAH DAN WAKIL KEPALA DAERAH YANG BERHALANGAN TETAP DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA(STUDI KASUS PENGISIAN JABATAN WAKIL BUPATI KABUPATEN GROBOGAN)
Authors: Aulia Rahma , Wisnaeni Fifiana
Published: October 2018

Sampai saat ini jabatan wakil bupati di Kabupaten Grobogan masih belum terisi. Hal tersebut terjadi karena wakil Bupati terpilih Grobogan Edy Maryono meninggal dunia 3 hari sebelum ia dilantik menjadi wakil bupati. Secara ringkas tujuan tulisan ini adalah untuk membahas mengapa di Kabupaten Grobogan sampai saat ini belum dilaksanakan pengisian jabatan Wakil Bupati Periode 2016-2021, dan untuk mengetahui mekanisme dan tata cara pengisian jabatanWakil Bupati yang berhalangan tetap. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif. Berdasarkan pembahasan, sejatinya mekanisme dan tata cara pengisian jabatan Wakil Bupati yang berhalangan tetap telah diatur di dalam Pasal 176 UU No 10 Tahun 2016 tentang Pemilihan Gubernur dan wakil Gubernur, Bupati dan Wakil Bupati dan Walikota dan wakil Walikota.
Replanning post-war Birmingham
Authors: Larkham Peter J.
Published: October 2018

The problems and opportunities of post-war reconstruction in the UK are well demonstrated by the city of Birmingham, although what happened there is hardly typical of the country overall. The city was badly bombed, although damage was diffuse. Unusually, no formal ›reconstruction plan‹ was produced because city managers distrusted ›big plans‹, and because there were existing slum clearance plans and ring road aspirations. A new ring road and precinct developments dominated the rebuilt city centre, though the development process was slow and generated very mixed public responses. The architectural and urban forms created were also mixed, but concrete and brutalism reshaped the city’s image. Some of the buildings have not lasted well and were redeveloped after relatively short lives, and the technocentric, car-dominated approach has also failed, with sections of ring road also being redeveloped. This paper demonstrates that even a determined, single-minded approach to reconstruction takes decades to implement; and that changes in fashion and society may very quickly render that reconstruction obsolete
The Costs of Firm Exit and Labour Market Policies: New Evidence from Europe
Authors: Andrews Dan , Ferrari Irene , Saia Alessandro
Published: October 2018

The churning of firms is an inherent process of industrialized economies, which entails a high rate of job destruction. Thus, a key question is: what are the policies that minimize the costs of worker displacement due to business closure? Accordingly, this paper exploits a retrospective panel of workers in 13 European countries over the period 1985–2008 to explore the factors which shape the reemployment prospects of workers displaced due to business closure. The results suggest that higher spending on active labour market policies increases the reemployment prospects of the unemployed workers displaced by business closure, both in terms of unemployment duration and in terms of stability of reemployment. On the contrary, there is evidence of a negative and sizable impact of passive labour market policies on unemployment duration.
Optimal taxation under equilibrium unemployment and economic profits
Authors: Jiang Wei
Published: October 2018

This paper develops a heterogeneous agent model with equilibrium unemployment and economic profits due to productive public investment. We find that the presence of profits plays an important role in the determination of long-run optimal tax policy. The Judd-Chamley optimal zero capital tax result can still hold in the model without profits. In this case, the optimal labour wedge is zero in the long run, resulting in welfare gains for all agents and no conflict of interests between agents. But the Benthamite government chooses to subsidise capital income in the long run in the model with economic profits. The resulting labour wedge is non-zero which generates welfare losses of workers despite welfare gains of capitalists. The government also faces a trade-off between efficiency and equity in this case.
Experimental Study of the Mixing and Segregation Behavior in Binary Particle Fluidized Bed with Wide Size Distributions
Authors: Liu Runjia , Zang Yong , Xiao Rui
Published: October 2018

Detailed understanding the particle mixing and segregation dynamic is essential in successfully designing and reasonably operating multicomponent fluidized bed. In this work, a novel fluorescent tracer technique combining image processing method has been used to investigate the mixing and segregation behavior in a binary fluidized bed with wide size distributions. The particle number percentage in each layer for different gas velocities is obtained by an image processing method. Fluidization, mixing and segregation behavior has been discussed in terms of bed pressure drop, gas velocity and mixing index. Different types of binary particle systems, including the jetsam and the flotsam-rich system, are analyzed and compared. The mixing indexes at different minimum fluidization velocities are also analyzed and compared with other work. The results show that the theoretical minimum fluidization velocity calculated from the bed pressure drop cannot represent the whole fluidization for a wide size distribution binary particle system. The effect of a wide size distribution is an inflection point in the mixing index curve. There is also a dead region in the bottom of the bed that consists of particles with large size and a low degree of sphericity. The particles in the dead region are extraordinarily difficult to fluidize and should be considered in the design of fluidized beds in industrial applications.
The Effect of Turbulence on Momentum and Heat Transport in Packed Beds with Low Tube to Particle Diameter Ratio
Authors: Molina-Herrera F. I. , Castillo-Araiza C. O. , Jiménez-Islas H. , López-Isunza F.
Published: October 2018

This is a theoretical study about the influence of turbulence on momentum and heat transport in a packed-bed with low tube to particle diameter ratio. The hydrodynamics is given here by the time-averaged Navier-Stokes equations including Darcy and Forchheimer terms, plus a κ-ε two-equation model to describe a 2D pseudo-homogeneous medium. For comparison, an equivalent conventional flow model has also been tested. Both models are coupled to a heat transport equation and they are solved using spatial discretization with orthogonal collocation, while the time derivative is discretized by an implicit Euler scheme. We compared the prediction of radial and axial temperature observations from a packed-bed at particle Reynolds numbers (Rep) of 630, 767, and 1000. The conventional flow model uses effective heat transport parameters: wall heat transfer coefficient (hw) and thermal conductivity (keff), whereas the turbulent flow model includes a turbulent thermal conductivity (kt), estimating hw via least-squares with Levenberg-Marquardt method. Although predictions of axial and radial measured temperature profiles with both models show small differences, the calculated radial profiles of the axial velocity component are very different. We demonstrate that the model that includes turbulence compares well with mass flux measurements at the packed-bed inlet, yielding an error of 0.77 % in mass flux balance at Rep = 630. We suggest that this approach can be used efficiently for the hydrodynamics characterization and design and scale-up of packed beds with low tube to particle diameter ratio in several industrial applications.
Postoperative analgesia by adding acupuncture to conventional therapy, a non-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Levy Ilana , Attias Samuel , Cohen Lior , Stoppelmann Nadav , Steinberger Dan , Grimberg Ofra , Ben-Arye Eran , Matter Ibrahim , Sroka Gideon , Somri Mostafa , Schiff Elad
Published: October 2018

Background

Postoperative pain is common in patients hospitalized in surgical departments, yet it is currently not sufficiently controlled by analgesics. Acupuncture, a complementary medical practice, has been evaluated for its benefits in postoperative pain with heterogeneous results. We tested the feasibility of a controlled study comparing the postoperative analgesic effect of acupuncture together with standard-of-care to standard-of-care only.

Methods

In this pilot non-randomized controlled study conducted at a tertiary medical center in Israel, patients received either acupuncture with standard-of-care pain treatment (acupuncture group) or standard-of-care treatment only (control group) following surgery. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ratings for pain level at rest and in motion were evaluated both at recruitment and two hours after treatment. Acupuncture-related side effects were reported as well.

Results

We recruited 425 patients; 336 were assigned to the acupuncture group and 89 to the control group. The acupuncture group exhibited a decrease of at least 40% in average level of pain both at rest (1.8±2.4, p<0.0001) and in motion (2.1±2.8, p<0.0001) following acupuncture, whereas the control group exhibited no significant decrease (p=0.92 at rest, p=0.98 in motion). Acupuncture's analgesic effect was even more prominent in reducing moderate to severe pain at baseline (VAS ≥4), with a decrease of 49% and 45% of pain level at rest and in motion respectively (p<0.001), compared with no significant amelioration in the control group (p=0.20 at rest, p=0.12 in motion). No major side effects were reported.

Conclusion

Integrating acupuncture with standard care may improve pain control in the postoperative setting.
Effect of Complementary Spiritist Therapy on emotional status, muscle tension, and wellbeing of inpatients with HIV/AIDS: A randomized controlled trial – single–blind
Authors: Carneiro Élida Mara , Borges Rafaela Miranda Carneiro , de Assis Helia Morais Nomelini , Bazaga Lohanna Gutierrez , Tomé Janaíne Machado , da Silva Adriana Paula , Borges Maria de Fátima
Published: October 2018

Background

Complementary Spiritist Therapy includes prayer, Spiritist “passe”, fluid therapy (fluidic water or magnetized water), and spiritual education, among other therapeutic resources. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Complementary Spiritist Therapy with conventional treatment on emotional status, muscle tension and wellbeing of hospitalized patients with HIV/AIDS.

Methods

Patients were randomly assigned into either the experimental (3 days [10 mins per day/session] of Complementary Spiritist Therapy alongside conventional treatment; n=20) or control (conventional treatment alone; n=21) group. The primary outcome were positive and negative affects evaluated by the Subjective Wellbeing Scale. The secondary outcome were muscle tension, and wellbeing were assessed by visual analogue scales.

Results

Significant reductions in negative effects (p=0.045), and muscle tension (p=0.022), along with significant increases in wellbeing (p=0.041) were recorded in the experimental group (Complementary Spiritist Therapy).

Conclusions

Reductions in negative effects and muscle tension, along with increased perceived wellbeing, were observed in hospitalized patients with HIV/AIDS exposed Complementary Spiritist Therapy combined conventional treatment compared to conventional treatment alone.
Effect of Ocimum basilicum leaves extract on acetaminophen-induced nephrotoxicity in BALB/c mice
Authors: Karaali Hajar F. , Fahmi Ragaee R. , Borjac Jamilah M.
Published: October 2018

Background

Acetaminophen (APAP) is one of the most widely used drugs to treat pain. Its overdose is lethal causing liver and kidney failure. Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity are mostly due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Ocimum basilicum, known as basil, is a commonly used medicinal plant due to its versatile role as antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-oxidative. We aim in this study to investigate the preventive and protective effect of basil leaves aqueous extract against APAP-induced hepatorenal toxicity in BALB/c mice.

Methods

Acute kidney injury (AKI) was induced in mice using APAP. Mice were treated with basils extract pre and post AKI induction. Kidney and liver functions were assessed by measuring creatinine, urea, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase levels in serum. Superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde levels of renal and hepatic tissues were assayed using Elisa. Kidney injury molecule (KIM-1) was quantified in kidney homogenate. Histopathological analysis of kidney and liver were examined.

Results

Significant increase in all serum parameters, in hepatic and renal MDA, and in renal KIM-1 levels was observed post AKI induction. Treatment with basils post AKI induction minimized APAP damage by reducing serum markers and MDA in both organs and by increasing SOD and CAT. However, pretreatment with basils extract caused additional increase in serum ALT and AST and MDA in liver, with a significant increase in renal antioxidant enzymes. These results were confirmed by histopathological examination.

Conclusion

Basil extract may act as a natural antioxidant to treat APAP-induced acute hepato-renal toxicity when used as a post-treatment.
A variable course of Cushing’s disease in a 7 year old: diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Kochar Inderpal Singh , Ramachandran Smita , Sethi Aashish
Published: October 2018

Cushing’s syndrome (CS) or hypercortisolism results from disruption of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis with the resultant increase in the circulating serum and urinary cortisol levels and lack of cortisol circadian rhythm. The resultant effects cause the physical manifestation of hypercortisolism. The appearance of Cushing’s disease in children is insidious, the most common features being growth failure, obesity, early puberty and facial appearance. We report a case of a 7-year-old male with a very unusual course of the disease, which could have led to diagnostic delays.