bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of winery wastewater from continuous flow settling basins and waste stabilisation ponds over the course of 1 year: implications for biological wastewater treatment and land application
Authors: Welz P. J. , Holtman G. , Haldenwang R. , le Roes-Hill M.
Published: June 2016

Wineries generate 0.2 to 4 L of wastewater per litre of wine produced. Many cellars make use of irrigation as a means of disposal, either directly or after storage. In order to consider the potential downstream impacts of storage/no storage, this study critically compared the seasonal organic and inorganic composition of fresh winery effluent with effluent that had been stored in waste stabilisation ponds. Ethanol and short chain volatile fatty acids were the main contributors to chemical oxygen demand (COD), with average concentrations of 2,086 and 882 mgCOD/L, respectively. Total phenolics were typically present in concentrations <100 mg/L. The concentration of sodium from cleaning agents was higher in the non-crush season, while the converse was true for organics. The effluent was nitrogen-deficient for biological treatment, with COD:N ratios of 0.09 to 1.2. There was an accumulation of propionic and butyric acid during storage. The composition of the pond effluent was more stable in character, and it is possible that bacterial and algal nitrogen fixation in such systems may enhance biological wastewater treatment by natural nitrogen supplementation. It is therefore recommended that if land requirements can be met, winery effluent should be stored in ponds prior to treatment.
Adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution onto activated carbons developed from eucalyptus bark and Crataegus oxyacantha core
Authors: Zazouli Mohammad Ali , Azari Ali , Dehghan Samaneh , Salmani Malekkolae Razieh
Published: June 2016

In this study, eucalyptus bark and Crataegus oxyacantha core-based activated carbon were synthesized and their morphological features characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. The efficiency of synthesized adsorbents in removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution was investigated in a series of batch experiments. Furthermore, the influences of various experimental factors involving the contact time, the initial dye concentration, the adsorbent dosage, and the pH of the dye solution were investigated. The point of zero charge (pHpzc) of the applied adsorbents was also determined. In addition, the experimental data were expressed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin isotherms and pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models. Adsorption equilibrium of the two adsorbents was reached within 1 h for MB concentrations of 20 to 100 mg/L. The equilibrium data obtained at optimum conditions of MB sorption by eucalyptus bark activated carbon and Crataegus oxyacantha core activated carbon were best fitted to Tempkin and Langmuir isotherm models, respectively. Besides, it was revealed that the adsorption rate follows a pseudo-second order kinetic model. From the findings of this study, it can be postulated that these adsorbents could be of great potential as a new class of adsorbents for organic dye removal from polluted water.
Heterogeneous electro-Fenton oxidation of azo dye methyl orange catalyzed by magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Jiang Hao , Sun Yabing , Feng Jingwei , Wang Jian
Published: June 2016

Azo dye methyl orange (MO) degradation by heterogeneous electro-Fenton (EF) with a magnetic nano-Fe3O4 catalyst was investigated. In this study, Fe3O4 was synthesized by a coprecipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The influences of the main operating parameters such as current density, pH, catalyst dosage and aeration rate were studied. The results revealed that higher current density, catalyst dosage and aeration rate facilitated the degradation of MO, whereas the degradation efficiency of MO was decreased with an increase in the initial pH. After 90 min EF process, the volume of 500 mL, the initial concentration of 50 mg L−1 MO solution could be degraded by 86.6% with the addition of 1 g L−1 Fe3O4 under the current density of 10 mA cm−2 and pH 3, compared with 69.5% for the electrolytic process alone. Meanwhile, a total organic carbon removal of 32% was obtained, up to 35.5 mg L−1 accumulated H2O2 and less than 3.5 mg L−1 Fe leaching were detected. Moreover, based on the results of natural bond orbital (at B3LYP/6-311G (d, p)) and liquid chromatograph-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer analysis, nine intermediates were identified and the proposed degradation pathways were investigated.
Concentration of facultative pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes during sewage treatment and in receiving rivers
Authors: Heß Stefanie , Lüddeke Frauke , Gallert Claudia
Published: June 2016

Whereas the hygienic condition of drinking and bathing water by law must be monitored by culture-based methods, for quantification of microbes and antibiotic resistance in soil or the aquatic environment, often molecular genetic assays are used. For comparison of both methods, knowledge of their correlation is necessary. Therefore the population of total bacteria, Escherichia coli, enterococci and staphylococci during sewage treatment and in receiving river water was compared by agar plating and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. In parallel, all samples were investigated for clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes. Whereas plating and qPCR data for total bacteria correlated well in sewage after primary treatment, qPCR data of river water indicated higher cell numbers for E. coli. It is unknown if these cells are ‘only’ not growing under standard conditions or if they are dead. Corresponding to the amount of non-culturable cells, the ‘breakpoints’ for monitoring water quality should be adapted. The abundances of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes in river water were in the same order of magnitude or even higher than in treated sewage. For estimation of the health risk it is important to investigate which species carry respective genes and whether these genes are disseminated via gene transfer.
TECNOLOGIA, CULTURA E MEIO AMBIENTE: DETERMINANTES DAS PRÁTICAS DO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO NO BRASIL
Authors: Martins Machado da Silveira Marluce , Bezerra Barbosa Nelson
Published: June 2016

A importância do aleitamento materno foi consagrada no século XX assim como sua total compatibilidade com a vida moderna das mulheres. Inúmeras são as evidências científicas comprovando os benefícios do leite materno para o bebê, a mãe, a família e a sociedade. Os Bancos de Leite Humano têm permitido que prematuros e recémnascidos impossibilitados de sugar recebam este benefício. Os baixos índices de aleitamento materno no Brasil refletem uma contradição que não pode ser explicada sem a visão de nossa natureza híbrida, assim como da interferência da industrialização do mundo moderno. Ao refletirmos sobre as influências culturais, ambientais e tecnológicas um grande cenário se abre sobre nós. As iniqüidades de gênero, a falta de autonomia da mulher o papel da mulher na sociedade refletem os interesses econômicos, políticos e sociais que historicamente se solidificam. Concluímos que a visão integral da mulher e o respeito às suas decisões são direitos que devem ser assegurados pelos profissionais da saúde e por toda a sociedade.
Severe laryngeal stenosis in newly born twins with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: A case report
Authors: Clive B. , Corsten G. , Penney L.S. , Van den Hof M. , El-Naggar W.
Published: June 2016

Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is common and presents with a range of clinical features from cardiac malformations to hypocalcemia. Laryngeal anomalies are not a common feature of this syndrome. We describe newly born twins who presented with unexpected severe birth depression secondary to severe type IV glottic webs requiring extensive resuscitation and emergency tracheostomy. They were diagnosed postnatally to have deletion of 22q11.2. The successful resuscitation of these infants at birth was only possible because they were born in a tertiary care hospital. This report shows the critical nature of prenatal diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.
Routine fecal occult blood testing does not predict necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight neonates
Authors: Pickering A. , White R. , Davis N.L.
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVE: To determine sensitivity, specificity, predictive value of routine fecal occult blood (FOB) testing on the identification of Bell’s Stage II or III necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.

METHODS: Retrospective medical record review of VLBW infants from 2012– 2013 evaluating FOB results and clinical and demographic risk factors. We determined predictive values of positive FOB testing within 48 hours of definite NEC diagnosis. We performed logistic regression analyses for predictors of NEC and for predictors of having positive FOB during NICU admission.

RESULTS: The incidence of NEC in our cohort of 203 infants was 3.9% ( n = 8). None had positive FOB results within 48 hours of diagnosis, and only 12.5% had any positive FOB within 7 days. Sensitivity of positive FOB for predicting definite NEC = 0%, specificity = 34.4%, and positive predictive value = 0%. A majority of VLBWs (67.0%) had > one positive FOB result during their NICU course. On logistic regression, intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) infants had significantly higher odds of both developing NEC and of having positive FOB. Positive FOB was not a significant predictor of NEC. Those with lower birth gestational ages had higher odds of positive FOB.

CONCLUSIONS: Positive FOB testing occurred in a majority of VLBW infants, with higher odds in the more preterm and IUGR. However, the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of routine FOB testing for identifying NEC were all very poor. Our data demonstrates that this test offers no advantages in the early diagnosis of NEC.
Anti-depressant activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis in mice
Authors: Gupta Sumeet , Kashyap Priyanaka , Asad Mohammed , Chattopadhyaya Ipshita , Dahiya Randhir
Published: June 2016

The present study assesses the protective effect of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (Nyctaginaceae) extracts and in combination with fluoxetine on stress-induced depression in mice. Leaves were extracted using different solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform and hydroethanol) and administered orally for 14 days. These extracts showed significant improvement in the mobility percentage but among these, hydroethanol extract showed better protective effect from day 1 to 14 in both forced swimming and tail suspension test model. Hydroethanol (100 mg/kg) and chloroform (100 mg/kg) extracts with fluoxetine showed synergistic effect when compared with fluoxetine treated group (10 mg/kg) alone at day 7 and 14. Among monoamine levels only hydroethanol extract (400 mg/kg) restored the 5-HT level near to level of fluoxetine-treated group. Hydroethanol extracts with two higher doses showed significant decrease in glucose and triglycerides levels. Clinically, it may useful as anti-depressant drug.          

Video Clip:

Tail suspension test: 5 min 57 sec 
From the Desk of Editor-in-Chief 6(2)
Authors: Khan Md Aminul Haque
Published: June 2016

Abstract not availableJ Enam Med Col 2016; 6(2): 63
Impact of temperature and radiation on elimination of associated bacteria from preserved dried prawn, Macrobrachium lamerrei
Authors: Haque Md Enamul , Afroz Tahmina , Rashid H
Published: June 2016

The impact of different temperatures (0, 40, 60, 80 and 100° C for an hour) and radiation (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 kGy) and combined treatment (temperature and radiation) for decontamination of bacteria from dried prawn, Macrobrachium lamarrei was also investigated under laboratory condition.The total viable bacterial (TVB), total staphylococcal (TS), total coliform (TC), total faecal coliform (TFC), total Aeromonas ( TA) and total fungal (TF) count were ranged from 2.7×108 to 5.3×108 cfu/g, 2.2×106 to 6.0×106 cfu/g, 2.9×104 to 9.5×104 cfu/g, 2.8×103 to 8.1×103 cfu/g, 5.7×103 to 8.5×103 cfu/g and 1.6×104 to 3.8×104 cfu/g respectively. Seventy eight bacterial strains were isolated and identified out of which 18 (23.07 %) were Staphylococcus aureus, 11 (14.10% ) were Micrococcus varians, 8 (10.25%) were Aeromonas hydrophila, 5 (6.41%) were Klebsiella ozaenae, 7 (8.97%) were Bacillus subtilis, 7 (8.97%) were Escherichia coli, 5 (6.41%) were Bacillus megaterium, 7 (8.97%) were Klebsiella edwardsii, 6 (7.69%) were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 4 (5.12%) were Micrococcus radiodurans. Inactivated was more favorable at 100° C for TC, TFC, TA and TF and at 5.0 kGy for TA and TF and combined treatments (40° C+2.5 kGy, 60° C+2.5 kGy and 80° C+2.5 kGy) for TFC, TA and TF respectively. TS, TC and TVB were completely eliminated in treatment 40° C+5.0 kGy, 60° C+2.5 kGy, 80° C+2.5 kGy, 40° C+7.5 kGy, 60° C+7.5 kGy and 80° C+7.5 kGy respectively. Results demonstrated that the combination treatments were more effective than single treatment for eliminating the associated microorganisms/bacteria from dried prawn.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(1): 1-7, 2014 (June)
Seasonal physico-chemical attributes of the river Buriganga, Turag and Balu, Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Mizanur , Rahman M Mahfuzur , Hoque Sirajul , Mahmud Hassan
Published: June 2016

Seasonal physico-chemical attributes (pH, EC, TSS, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Cl, HCO3, NO3-N, NH4-N, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, Al, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Hg) of the river Buriganga, Turag and Balu have been studied to determine the pollution level of these rivers. It was revealed that most of the attributes exceeded the standard values set by GOB. Specially the parameters measured for the river Buriganga and Turag were in danger level. The level of pollution was much higher in winter and summer seasons compared to monsoon.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(1): 9-16, 2014 (June)
Screening of arsenic tolerance in rice at germination and early seedling stage as influenced by sodium arsenate
Authors: Halim Md Abdul , Ghosh Maitry , Nigar Meher , Hossain Feroza , Akhter Nahid
Published: June 2016

Arsenic contamination in rice would be a serious problem for  uman  ealt . A screening program was conducted at germination and early seedling stage of rice cultivars w ic  were grown under plate culture and  ydroponic culture condition. Five different concentrations of arsenate viz.T1 (1ppm), T2 (3ppm), T3 (6ppm), T4(9ppm), T5 (12ppm) and distilled water (control) were applied on seven cultivars of rice suc  as BR-26, BRRI-28, BRRI-29, BRRI-45, BRRI-50, BR-3 and BR-14.T e germination percentage and tolerant percentage, root lengt  and s oot lengt  and biomass or seedling dry weig t decreased significantly wit  t e increase of arsenic levels.Among seven cultivars, BRRI-29 s owed t e maximum percentage of germination and tolerant percentage, BR-26 produced t e  ig est root lengt  and s oot lengt  to  ig est arsenic concentration (12 ppm) w ereas maximum biomass was obtained for BR-14.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(1): 17-26, 2014 (June)
Population organization and ranging pattern of Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) at Bandar, Narayanganj
Authors: Shoma Shamia Farhana , Feeroz Mohammed Mostafa
Published: June 2016

A study was conducted on population organization and ranging pattern of rhesus macaque at Bandar Upazila, Narayanganj, Dhaka from December, 2009 to September, 2010. Direct count method was used to study the group size and composition, and ranging was determined by GPS coordination plotting on the map. A total of 66 monkeys (29 to 37 individuals) were found in two groups with a mean of 33±5.6. Among the population 7.6% adult male, 33.3% adult female, 9.1% sub-adult male, 7.6% sub-adult female, 25.8% juvenile and 16.7% was infant. The ratio between adult male and adult female was 1:4.4 and between adult and nonadults was 1:1.4. Day range length varied from 1543m to1716m (mean=1638.43±56.7). Home range was completely overlapped and varied negligibly from 45.2 ha. to 45.5 ha. (mean=45.32±0.2). They minimized conflictions by using different time to move. But the growing dependence of these urban macaques on human resources is a matter of concern. Therefore, conservation strategies should be directed to minimize this dependence.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(1): 27-35, 2014 (June)
Phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of Blumea lacera Linn. from two different habitats
Authors: Ahmed Fakhruddin Ali , Rahman Anisur , Mubassara Sanzida
Published: June 2016

Blumea lacera collected from JU campus and the Sundarbans showed strong presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, trace amount of alkaloids, weak presence of some glucosides, terpenoids and steroids following preliminary phytochemical screening. DPPH free radical scavenging activity increased with the increase of concentration of methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions of both the samples. Methanol and ethyl acetate fractions of JU sample showed strong scavenging activity of DPPH free radical. Concentration dependent increment in percent mortality of brine shrimp nauplii was observed in all the fractions of both the samples. Ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of JU sample showed less cytotoxicity than that of Sundarbans samples. Therefore, methanol and ethyl acetate fractions of JU sample should be the choice to identify new bioactive compound(s) in the future.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(1): 37-45, 2014 (June)
Nitrogen fixing efficiency and physiological characteristics of Azospirillum isolates from the paddy fields of North Bengal
Authors: Hossain Md Mozammel , Akter Salina , Hasan Md Mahmudul , Hasan Ashraful , Uddin Kazi Rasel , Parvin Afroza , Jahan Iffat , Rahman Nazibur , Rahman SM Badier
Published: June 2016

The microbial activity of ten selected Azospirillum isolates was measured in terms of the amount of CO2 evolved by the isolates after incubation for 5 days which ranged from 6.88 to19.25 mg. Nitrogen fixing efficiency all of the isolates was determined by microkjeldhal method and the nitrogen fixing efficiency ranged from 10.03 to 13.11 mg N/g substrate. The growth of Azospirillum isolates was significant affected by different physiological factors such as pH, temperature and salinity. Most of the isolates showed optimum growth at pH 6.8, temperature 37°C and in the absence of NaCl. Azospirillum has the potential to be used as a substitute and or supplement of N-fertilizers. Further research is needed to estimate N-supplement potentials of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) systems at the farm level.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(1): 47-53, 2014 (June)
Suitability of textile dyeing effluents for germinaion and seedling growth of yard long bean
Authors: Hassan Jahidul , Hasan Mohammad Nazmol , Rajib Md Mijanur Rahman
Published: June 2016

Textile Dyeing effluents from seven different stages of dying process were used for irrigation of the pot culture of yard long bean. Maximum germination was found at 6th day of observation and the highest germination rate occurred for treatments with 2nd wash after soaping stage, which was statistically identical with the ground water treatment. Treatment 2nd wash after soaping stage showed the highest germination energy and relative germination rate consequently has the lowest germination injury rate. Treatment 2nd wash after soaping stage also produced the highest shoot length. So the effluent produced from the 2nd wash water after soaping can be used for irrigation of yard long bean.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(1): 55-65, 2014 (June)
In vitro propagation of Andrographis paniculata Nees.-A threatened medicinal plant of Bangladesh
Authors: Roy PK
Published: June 2016

An efficient protocol was developed for in vitro regeneration of plantlets from shoot tip and nodal segment explants of Andrographis paniculata Nees. Nodal segment explants produced the highest number of shoots (18±1.24) when they were cultured on MS supplemented with 11.10 ?M/l BAP. Addition of 10% coconut water and 2.0 g/l activated charcoal to the above mentioned medium increased the number of shoots (30) per culture. Shoot tip explant also showed better performance in the same medium. Addition of 100 mg/l urea and 2.0 g/l activated charcoal to the medium showed proper shoot elongation. The isolated shoots rooted well (90%) on half-strength MS fortified with 9.80 ?M/l IBA, where average number of roots per shoot was 28-30. The plantlets were acclimatized successfully in poly bags containing a mixture of soil, sand and compost in 2:1:1 ratio. Finally acclimatized plantlets were transferred to experimental field.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(1): 67-73, 2014 (June)
Occurrence and the state of a tudor repeat protein in the development of Xenopus laevis
Authors: Mostafa Md Golam
Published: June 2016

The Xenopus tudor repeat (Xtr) protein of the unfertilized and fertilized eggs at different intervals, and embryos of different stages was compared by immunoprecipitating with anti-Xtr monoclonal antibody, followed by Western blotting using anti-Xtr antibody. Besides the Xtr of 270 kDa, another band of Xtr below 150 kDa, was detected reproducibly after fertilization of the eggs. This result suggested that a part of Xtr was degraded after fertilization. The screening profile of the existence of Xtr and the distribution of degradation from unfertilized eggs to the nerula stage embryos showed that in the unfertilized eggs there was no occurrence of degradation. But it was visualized just after 20-minutes of fertilization and lasted up to the gastrula stage. Interestingly, the degradation could not be detected beyond this stage of development. Probably, the Xtr protein was degraded following the activation of the eggs because previous investigations suggested that Xtr acted after fertilization or activation of the eggs.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 1-8, 2014 (December)
Role of Ficus spp. in the avifauna conservation of Jahangirnagar University campus
Authors: Mahanta Sameer Ranjan , Feeroz Mohammed Mostafa , Hasan Md Kamrul
Published: June 2016

A study was conducted on Ficus species to evaluate its role in avifauna conservation Jahangirnagar University campus from December 2012 to September 2013. Ficus benghalensis and Ficus rumphii were found to provide food and shelter to the bird community of Jahangirnagar University throughout the year because of their asynchronous fruiting. A total of twenty four Ficus trees were selected for the study. Number of fruit providing trees varied in different months (? = 11.6, range = 4-22, sd ± 6.29). Twenty seven species of birds were recorded from Ficus spp. throughout the year. Dependency of bird species on Ficus varied in different months ( ? = 18.1, sd ± 2.42, range = 16-22). Common Myna was found to visit Ficus tree more frequently while Oriental White Eye was less frequent. The height of the studied Ficus benghalensis ranged from 17  45 feet with the mean ? = 26.67 ± 7.51 while Ficus rumphii ranged from 30-48 feet with the mean ? = 39.33 ± 9.0.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 9-16, 2014 (December)
Ethnobotany and antibacterial potentiality of Blumea lacera L. from Sundarban Mangrove forest of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Fakhruddin Ali , Rahman Anisur , Mubassara Sanzida , Hossain Gazi Mosharof
Published: June 2016

Indigenous knowledge on the utilization of Blumea lacera L. by the interim people as well as ethnic communities living at the vicinity of Sundarban mangrove forest of Bangladesh were documented through survey, interview, collection and identification. Native people of Sundarban use the herb in bleeding piles. Leaf of the plant was found to be the most useful part for ethnomedicinal use. Generally, leaves of B. lacera have been used to treat most kinds of colds. Warm leaf paste used as diuretic whereas leaf paste with black pepper powder was found to apply in dog bite. Furthermore, B. lacera collected from Sundarban mangrove habitat as well as from natural plain land habitat (JU campus) were subjected to a comparative analysis of antibacterial activity. Antibacterial study from the present experiment suggested that the ethyl acetate fraction of B. lacera, irrespective of habitat choice, was active against the gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus. The methanol fraction of Sundarban sample showed significant dose dependent increase in antibacterial activity against the gram-negative bacteria Serratia sp., Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhi and Vibrio cholera while the JU sample did not produce any inhibition zone. The n-hexane fractions of both type plant samples were entirely non-responsive to the bacterial growth.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 17-24, 2014 (December)
Genetic diversity in nine commercial okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) genotypes
Authors: Bashar A , Hossain MK , Alam N , Ahmed Fakhruddin Ali , Hasan R , Islam S
Published: June 2016

Nine commercial cultivars of okra were evaluated for a number of agro-botanical traits. The analysis of variance for all the traits showed highly significant variations among the genotypes. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was found higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all characters. Maximum GCV and PCV were observed for branches/plant (42.54 and 42.60) and leaves/plant (27.93 and 27.99) respectively. Heritability as well as genetic advance was found maximum for branches/plant recorded as 99.72 and 87.50 respectively. Based on D2 statistics 9 genotypes were grouped into 4 clusters, namely cluster I, II, III and IV. Highest inter-cluster distance (1.18) was observed between cluster II and cluster IV. The genotypes of cluster IV possessed heterogeneous nature and showed highest intra-cluster distance (0.65). Titanic-1, BARI Derosh-1 and Green Finger genotypes were found superior to the rest of the genotypes due to their highest cluster mean for yield/plant (955.8g), plant height (208cm), leaves/plant (60.8) and fruits/plant (31.4). These information could be useful in recombination breeding programme.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 25-32, 2014 (December)
Effect of exotic tree plantation on floristic composition and phytodiversity of Rema-Kalenga wildlife sanctuary, Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Gazi Mosharof , Hossain ABM Enayet
Published: June 2016

Effect of exotic tree plantation on floristic composition and phytodiversity status of Rema-Kalenga wildlife sanctuary of Bangladesh was studied. A total of 309 vascular plant species under 245 genera belonging to 83 families were found to constitute the vascular flora of the studied area. The maximum number of species (298) with the highest Shannon-Weiner diversity index value (3.882±0.090) was recorded from natural forest, which was followed by 194 and 165 plant species with 3.441±0.205 and 3.398±0.103 diversity index values recorded from Tectona and Acacia plantation sites respectively. The minimum number of plant species (142) with the lowest diversity index value (2.999±0.152) was recorded from Eucalyptus plantation site. The collected data on the selected forest sites of Rema-Kalenga wildlife sanctuary showed the trends of gradual decrease in floristic composition and phytodivesity status of three plantation sites (Tectona to Acacia to Eucalyptus) in respect to natural forest, which indicated that exotic tree plantations might have negative impact on floristic composition and phytodiversity of this semi-tropical forest area and the fast-growing exotic tree plantation of Acacia and Eucalyptus should be avoided for sustainable development of Rema-Kalenga wildlife sanctuary.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 33-47, 2014 (December)
Effects of concentration and synergism on drug solubilising behaviour of PVP K 30 and PEG 6000
Authors: Fardous Jannatul , Perveen Faria Farzana , Ohidullah Md , Saifuddin AHM , Sultana Sakina
Published: June 2016

The effect of concentration and synergism on drug solubilising behaviour of PVP K 30 and PEG 6000 were investigated. Our results showed that amount of drug solubilised by the surfactants decreased as surfactant concentration was increased. Regarding the effect of synergism of the two surfactants on drug solubilisation our results failed to show synergism. The amount of drug solubilised by a single surfactant did not differ much when combination of surfactants were used.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 49-55, 2014 (December)
Character association and path coefficient analysis for identification of yield enhancing characters in snake gourd (Trichosanthes anguina L.)
Authors: Islam S , Hasan R , Bashar A , Hossain MK , Huque AKM M , Alam N
Published: June 2016

Correlations and path coefficient were studied in seven snake gourd genotypes namely Turag, Surma, Vorosa, Manghosito, Jhumlong, Green nitch and Monosha for yield and eleven yield contributing characters. The correlation coefficients were determined to find out the interrelationship among the characters studied. The correlation studies revealed that, yield/plant had positive and highly significant correlation both in phenotypic and genotypic level with fresh weight/fruit, fruit girth, fruits/plant, plant height and fruit length which indicated that yield could be increased by selecting these characters. Direct and indirect effects were measured using path coefficient analysis in order to obtain mechanisms of interrelationship between yield/plant and its components. The highest positive direct effect (0.9763) on yield/plant was found in fresh weight/fruit followed by fruits/plant (0.4179) and fruit length (0.2665). The characters showed direct positive effect on yield/plant indicated that direct selection for these traits might be effective for improving yield through selection in snake gourd.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 57-65, 2014 (December)
Physico-chemical attributes of water of Hakaluki Haor, Sylhet, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Tajul , Rahman M Mahfuzur , Mahmud Hassan
Published: June 2016

Water quality assessment has been carried out in the Hakaluki Haor of greater Sylhet district during May, 2013 to February, 2014. Water samples were collected from 5 spots during 4 seasons and a total of 15 physico-chemical parameters were studied. Significant seasonal variation was observed in all seasons among physico-chemical parameters. pH values varied from 5.9 - 7.1, water temperature varied from 23.7  26.7OC, transference varied from 23-53 cm, TSS varied from 18.1-192 mg/l, TDS varied 25-193.5 mg/l, EC varied from 30-680 ?s/cm , DO content of water varied from 4.6 - 5.6mg/l, BOD varied from 0.2-2.614 mg/l, COD varied from 38-312 mg/l, NO3-N varied from 0.1-30.4 mg/l, NH3 varied from 0.9-2.18 mg/l, alkalinity varied from 12-42 mg/l and PO4 varied from 0.9 -13.4 (mg/l). Agricultural and inorganic pollutants have been observed as the main causes of the Haor water pollution.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 67-72, 2014 (December)
Effect of different management tactics on the incidence and movement of red pumpkin beetle, Aulacophora foveicollis on the leaves of sweet gourd, Cucurbita moschata
Authors: Khan MM H
Published: June 2016

Incidence and movement of red pumpkin beetle (RPB), Aulacophora foveicollis on the leaves of sweet gourd, Cucurbita moschata were examined against different management tactics. Result revealed that no significant difference was observed on the number of red pumpkin beetle on young leaf among the plots treated with different management tactics. Mature leaf support more number of RPB compared to that of young leaf and the population of RPB gradually increased from 1st to 3rd week. The mean number of RPB per plant was higher on upper leaf surface as compared to lower leaf surface in all the treated plots during early hours of the day before 10 am. The highest number of RPB was observed at 7:00 am on the upper surface and at 1:00 pm on the lower surface of leaves. The percent reduction of RPB over control on both surfaces of leaf was maximum (100 %) by the use of mosquito net barrier (T3) treated plot at 7:00 and 10:00 am, respectively compared to control. The percent reduction of RPB over control at 1:00 pm ranged 94% to 98% on upper leaf surface and at 4:00 pm ranged 94% to 96% on lower surface in T3 treated plot. The minimum acceptable level of percent reduction (above 87%) of RPB population over control was achieved by application of forwatap 4G @ 4g/plant, Nitro 505 EC @ 1 ml/L, hand picking of adult RPB and planting of musk melon as trap crop. The movement of the adult RPB as expressed through the distribution of the beetles on the upper and lower leaf surfaces of sweet gourd during different hours of a day could be helpful for devising the mechanical and chemical control strategies.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 73-80, 2014 (December)
A preliminary study on the Orchids of National Botanical Garden, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman M Mahfuzur , Akhtar Tahmina
Published: June 2016

Abstract not availableJahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 81-84, 2014 (December)
A preliminary list of the migratory birds of the Padma charland, Rajshahi
Authors: Reza AM Saleh , Parween Selina
Published: June 2016

Abstract not availableJahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 85-92, 2014 (December)
Midfacial Reconstruction â€“ A Systematic Review
Authors: Emara Aala , Abou ElFetouh Adel , Hakam Maha , Mostafa Basma
Published: June 2016

AIM: Different lesions affecting the midfacial regions require surgical reconstruction. The aim of this study was to assess the different methods used in midfacial reconstruction after maxillectomy procedures. The various reported surgical reconstructive techniques focusing on the esthetic and functional outcomes are to be reviewed in this article.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A thorough PUBMED and hand-search of journals of relevance was performed on related terms and yielded 772 titles of which 45 abstracts were selected and obtained as full articles for further evaluation while the rest were excluded by title/abstract. According to the inclusion criteria; 14 of these studies were used to complete this article.RESULTS: In this review we showed that fibular and radial vascularized grafts were the most commonly reported methods in literature with a few other options. Computer aided design and surgical planning has been also reviewed and seems to be a rapidly evolving option for maxillofacial reconstruction. Lack of RCTs (randomized controlled trials) and large scale case series was noticed in this review making the evidence of poor quality.CONCLUSION: Methods of evaluation of reconstruction options mainly qualitative and subjective made the evaluation of the techniques in this review difficult.
Décentraliser pour améliorer la performance ? Évaluation quantitative des réformes fonctionnelles dans les Länder d’Allemagne
Authors: Ebinger Falk , Richter Philipp
Published: June 2016

Ces dix dernières années, les gouvernements de la plupart des Länder d’Allemagne ont appliqué des réformes administratives. Ces différentes initiatives prévoyaient toutes la municipalisation de vastes ensembles de tâches. Comme ailleurs, les gouvernements soutiennent que la prestation de service par les communes est plus rentable, efficace et réactive. Les données empiriques qui confirment ces affirmations sont, dans le meilleur des cas, incohérentes : un nombre considérable d’études de cas jettent le doute sur le caractère inconditionnel de ces appréciations positives. Il semble que les effets de la décentralisation varient en fonction de la dimension liée à la performance concernée et des tâches considérées. Des questions de généralisabilité se posent néanmoins, ces observations n’ayant pas encore été confirmées par des données d’archives plus « objectives ». Nous présentons ici des données empiriques sur les effets de la décentralisation pour deux domaines stratégiques différents sur la base de deux études. Dans le présent article, nous présentons dès lors d’autres possibilités de recherches sur les effets de la décentralisation et comparons les attentes théoriques au sujet des effets de la décentralisation avec des résultats plus robustes. L’analyse confirme que les affirmations exagérément positives concernant les effets de la décentralisation ne sont que partiellement justifiées. Comme l’indiquent les études de cas antérieures, les effets doivent être examinés de manière nettement plus nuancée, notamment en prenant en considération la situation de départ et en faisant la distinction entre les différentes dimensions pertinentes de la performance et les différents domaines stratégiques. Remarques à l’intention des praticiens Dans les systèmes à niveaux multiples, les réformateurs de l’administration publique doivent décider du niveau le plus approprié pour s’acquitter des différentes tâches. Ces dernières années, les réformateurs ont été nombreux à opter pour la décentralisation des fonctions de l’État dans l’espoir de créer un gouvernement efficace et efficient. En réalité, cependant, l’idée de réaliser des tâches publiques de façon plus efficace et, en même temps, plus économique dans les unités décentralisées s’avère irréalisable. Nous proposons des données empiriques sur les effets de la décentralisation sur la performance et verrons que le processus comporte d’autres avantages et d’autres inconvénients par rapport à la prestation de service par les États. Les réformateurs de l’administration publique doivent réfléchir à ces avantages et ces inconvénients au cas par cas.
Electrical cardioversion performed by emergency physicians in the emergency department
Authors: Bellone Andrea , Etteri Massimiliano , Sielert Kirsten
Published: June 2016

Not available.
Twelve Monkeys, the Kassandra dilemma and innovation diffusion: transdisciplinary lessons for animal and environmental activism
Authors: Smith Sarah Rutherford
Published: June 2016

Animal activists and environmental activists believe that the world and its inhabitants face devastating consequences in the future if behaviour towards and the treatment of animals and the environment do not change. However, despite their predictions many people are not swayed to change their behaviour. This article suggests that these activists experience what is known as Kassandra’s dilemma; the conundrum of knowing what the future holds but being unable to prevent events from happening. Drawing on the film, Twelve Monkeys and Greek mythology this article explores this mythological dilemma and explains how this dilemma is a lived experience for activists. The article suggests that activists can resolve Kassandra’s dilemma by taking a transdisciplinary approach towards animal and environmental activism. Thus, in order to escape Kassandra’s dilemma the article suggests that animal and environmental activists require transdisciplinary knowledge; knowledge of the actual and potential harm done to animals and the environment and how this can be prevented as well as knowledge on how to successfully convey this knowledge to others. The article highlights innovation diffusion theory as an example of the type of transdisciplinary knowledge that could assist in escaping from Kassandra’s dilemma and in order to better advocate on behalf of animals and the environment.
The importance of a people-centred approach for Corporate Social Responsibility: A case study of Welverdiend and the surrounding community
Authors: Bester Vidette , Cronjé Freek
Published: June 2016

Despite the contribution of mining to the South African economy, this industry has impacted negatively on the environment and society for many decades. These negative impacts are mostly evidence of poor corporate actions. Instead of contributing to society, it seems that mining companies, more often than not, neglect their corporate social responsibilities (CSR) mostly in the pursuit of financial profit. It has been well documented that it is mostly local populations, living close to mining operations, that pay the price of social and environmental damages and degradation, while the industry’s benefits are measured in economic and political terms. Such an imbalance between the economic, environmental and social factors makes Sustainable Development impossible to achieve. Welverdiend, on the Far West Rand of Johannesburg, South Africa, is a community paying a dear price in terms of social problems caused by mining operations. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of mining on the social wellbeing of Welverdiend and the surrounding community’s residents. In the light of these findings on different social issues, the research aimed to confirm the importance of a people-centred approach to Corporate Social Responsibility.
Time and space – The context of Hans Roosenschoon’s music
Authors: Spies Berth
Published: June 2016

This essay pays tribute to Hans Roosenschoon who celebrated his 60th birthday in December 2012. In contrast to conventional approaches that focus on local ideologies and local political issues, the essay explores the context of Roosenschoon’s music from a global and a historical perspective. Taking as point of departure the pluralist nature of postmodernism, it investigates the interaction of cultural spaces, particularly those occupied by ‘African’ and ‘Western’ musics. The entanglement of time and space is shown to be manifest in complex, multifaceted contemporary musical worlds. In doing so, the essay interrogates the conventional absence of the ‘voice’ of music in context- driven musicology. An approach that acknowledges music as an equal partner in the musicological enterprise shows an alignment of Hans Roosenschoon’s music with global trends and issues of his time.
Focus on the San community of Platfontein: Generating the knowledge of a First Nation People for Dispute Resolution
Authors: Faris John
Published: June 2016

NO ABSTRACT AVAILIBLE
Cultural conflicts, dilemmas and disillusionment among the San communities at Platfontein
Authors: Batha G.T.
Published: June 2016

This article examines the cultural conflicts, dilemmas and disillusionment among the San communities at Platfontein in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. A critical review of written texts, interviews, observations and focus group discussions with the community knowledge-holders shows that the community’s new Westernised lifestyle in the midst of the capitalist society at Platfontein turns the collective spirit, human relations, mutual reverence, sincerity and self-confidence that existed before their contact with Westernised societies into unusual selfishness, individualism, impiety, dishonesty, greed and disregard for others. The conflict between the communal hunter-gatherer culture and the alien individualist mode of existence has created serious dilemmas and moral conflicts in the community. The Westernised mode of existence has alienated the community from their human nature, their natural environment, their productive chores and their communal life. The community has an undefined, unclear and controversial understanding of their own racial identity. The San refer to the black and white races that have historical relationships with them as Others, which in turn has an Othering effect on the San themselves. The causes of moral and psychological conflicts, identity crises, dilemmas and disillusionment are power relations related to ethnic and racial politics, colonial discourse and identity politics. The researcher recommends that to achieve harmonious relationships with other communities and among themselves, the San need to redefine themselves and other societies that have historical ties with them.
Hominisation and humanisation: a perspective from the sociology of technics
Authors: Wolff Ernst
Published: June 2016

This essay will present a few challenges to a new Humanism from the perspective of the sociology of technics. For this purpose Humanism will be described as an effort to intervene in the process of human formation or hominisation. In order to intervene an understanding of this process is needed. Hominisation starts in the Palaeolithic era: technics, religion, language and the human being mutually give birth to one another. Reference will be made especially to the work of Leroi-Gourhan and Girard to analyse this point. Hominisation, however, is a continuous process and has not come to an end. The most recent phase of our hominisation is the industrial revolution: Western modernisation seems to be the future of global humanity. But industrialisation spreads unevenly, leading to a varied network of the human conditions, of advantages and disadvantages. A critical assessment of Africa’s position in the global politics of technics will lead to a description of inhuman conditions as part of the network of industrialisation. The scale and extent of misery tolerated and produced by this era of hominisation could be considered as a possible springboard from where to reflect on a contemporary global Humanism even after the ‘death of God’ in modernity. But to what extent does modernisation allow intervention in the process of industrial hominisation in order to give it the quality of humanization? Aspects of theories on multiple or alternative modernities are considered. A suggestion to the kind of humanist orientation solicited by the inhuman condition of misery is presented with reference to Nussbaum’s capabilities theory. Finding the content of a new Humanism is, however, only a beginning of a new humanization. The technical conditions for the possibility of a new Humanism and of its transmission are reflected on. In conclusion, on the basis of the preceding analyses, five technics-orientated tasks for a new Humanism will be identified.
History, historians & Afrikaner nationalism; essays on the history department of the University of Pretoria, 1909-1985.
Authors: De Klerk Pieter
Published: June 2016

No abstract available.
A new era for TD, The Journal of Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa
Authors: Publishing AOSIS
Published: June 2016

NO ABSTRACT AVAILIBLE
The devil is in the detail – an analysis of the DBSA’s ‘Access to Sanitation’ indicator
Authors: Ingle M. K.
Published: June 2016

When using indicator values to measure change over an interval of time, the general understanding of the factor being analysed may have been modified during the period under review. Altered definitions of ‘urban’, or ‘poverty’, provide common instances of this phenomenon. This article outlines a similar situation with respect to the ‘access to sanitation’ indicator as it features in the Development Bank of Southern Africa’s series of Development Reports. These publications are often referred to as a ready source of useful information. It is shown how an altered understanding of what constituted ‘sanitation’ in South Africa came to influence the relevant indicator values. This change, if not taken into account, could result in planning calculations yielding invalid conclusions. The article deals with the casual use of ready-to-hand indicators by non- specialist practitioners, and about how easy it is to be misled on occasion.