bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs) in Asymmetric Organocatalysis
Authors: Dwivedi Seema , Gupta Sumanta , Das Sajal
Published: January 2015

Review: 144 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in the Synthetic Routes to Triazolothiadiazines
Authors: Abdel‐Wahab Bakr F. , Althagafi Ismail
Published: January 2015

Review: data from 1990 till now; 178 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalysis with Complexes Containing Stereogenic Metal Centers
Authors: Kundig E. Peter
Published: January 2015

Review: 32 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Synthesis of Monocyclic β‐Lactams
Authors: Singh Girija S. , Sudheesh Siji
Published: January 2015

Review: 113 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Substituted Pyridines from Pyridine N‐Oxides
Authors: Liu Chunli , Luo Jiang , Xu Lingli , Huo Zhibao
Published: January 2015

Review: [30 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Heterocyclic Systems Based on Mono‐ and Dicarbonyl Adamantane Derivatives
Authors: Kon'kov S. A. , Moiseev I. K. , Zemtsova M. N. , Bormasheva K. M.
Published: January 2015

Review: 85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enediynes: Exploration of Microbial Genomics to Discover New Anticancer Drug Leads
Authors: Shen Ben , Hindra Hindra , Yan Xiaohui , Huang Tingting , Ge Huiming , Yang Dong , Teng Qihui , Rudolf Jeffrey D. , Lohman Jeremy R.
Published: January 2015

Review: 57 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recycling of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol and Derived Products — Closing the Loop
Authors: Goeppert Alain , Czaun Miklos , Jones John‐Paul , Surya Prakash G. K. , Olah George A.
Published: January 2015

Review: 595 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Review of Mineral Carbonation Technologies to Sequester CO2
Authors: Sanna A. , Uibu M. , Caramanna G. , Kuusik R. , Maroto‐Valer M. M.
Published: January 2015

Review: 230 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanocrystalline Iron Oxides, Composites, and Related Materials as a Platform for Electrochemical, Magnetic, and Chemical Biosensors
Authors: Urbanova Veronika , Magro Massimiliano , Gedanken Aharon , Baratella Davide , Vianello Fabio , Zboril Radek
Published: January 2015

Review: 198 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Liquids and Ultrasound in Combination: Synergies and Challenges
Authors: Chatel G. , MacFarlane D. R.
Published: January 2015

Review: [163 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Complexes of Hydrazones and Their Biological, Analytical and Catalytic Applications: A Review
Authors: Shakdofa Mohamad M. E. , Shtaiwi Majed H. , Morsy Nagy , Abdel‐rassel Tayseer M. A.
Published: January 2015

Review: 142 refs.
Enantioselective Degradation of Indoxacarb From Different Commercial Formulations Applied to Tea
Authors: Zhang Yuping , Hu Deyu , Meng Xingang , Shi Qingcai , Li Pei , Jin Linhong , Zhang Kankan , Song Baoan
Published: January 2015

The stereoselective degradation of indoxacarb enriched with (+)‐S‐indoxacarb (S/R:70/30) was investigated in three typical green teas. A convenient and precise chiral method was developed and validated for measuring indoxacarb enantiomers in green tea. The developed method was based on high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry using a Chiralpak IC column. The stereoselective degradation of indoxacarb enantiomers showed that the (+)‐S‐enantiomer dissipated faster than the (−)‐R‐enantiomer in all three typical tea farms. However, no enantiomerization was observed after applying pure (+)‐S‐indoxacarb. Residues on tea plant of the active ingredient (+)‐S‐indoxacarb from suspension concentrate (SC) was more persistent than that from emulsifiable concentrate (EC). Chirality 27:262–267, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Consensus guidelines on plasma cell myeloma minimal residual disease analysis and reporting
Authors: Arroz Maria , Came Neil , Lin Pei , Chen Weina , Yuan Constance , Lagoo Anand , Monreal Mariela , de Tute Ruth , Vergilio Jo‐Anne , Rawstron Andy C. , Paiva Bruno
Published: January 2015

Background

Major heterogeneity between laboratories in flow cytometry (FC) minimal residual disease (MRD) testing in multiple myeloma (MM) must be overcome. Cytometry societies such as the International Clinical Cytometry Society and the European Society for Clinical Cell Analysis recognize a strong need to establish minimally acceptable requirements and recommendations to perform such complex testing.

Methods

A group of 11 flow cytometrists currently performing FC testing in MM using different instrumentation, panel designs (≥ 6‐color) and analysis software compared the procedures between their respective laboratories and reviewed the literature to propose a consensus guideline on flow‐MRD analysis and reporting in MM.

Results/Conclusion

Consensus guidelines support i) the use of minimum of five initial gating parameters (CD38, CD138, CD45, forward, and sideward light scatter) within the same aliquot for accurate identification of the total plasma cell compartment; ii) the analysis of potentially aberrant phenotypic markers and to report the antigen expression pattern on neoplastic plasma cells as being reduced, normal or increased, when compared to a normal reference plasma cell immunophenotype (obtained using the same instrument and parameters); and iii) the percentage of total bone marrow plasma cells plus the percentages of both normal and neoplastic plasma cells within the total bone marrow plasma cell compartment, and over total bone marrow cells. Consensus guidelines on minimal current and future MRD analyses should target a lower limit of detection of 0.001%, and ideally a limit of quantification of 0.001%, which requires at least 3 × 106and 5 × 106bone marrow cells to be measured, respectively. © 2015 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Abnormal immunophenotype of the T‐cell‐receptor beta Chain in follicular‐helper T cells of angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Mao Z. Jenny , Surowiecka Maria , Linden Michael A. , Singleton Timothy P.
Published: January 2015

Objective

Analysis for 24 variable regions of the T‐cell‐receptor beta chain by flow cytometry (Vbeta) is a new technique to detect clonal alpha‐beta T lymphocytes and is characteristically performed on peripheral blood. Angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma (AITL) has increased neoplastic follicular‐helper T cells (FHT), which often express CD10; but nonneoplastic, CD10‐positive T cells may be associated with reactive lymphadenopathy and with B‐cell lymphomas. This study documents the utility of Vbeta analysis of FHT in specimens of AITL from blood, from marrow, and from lymph nodes.

Methods

The electronic medical record in the flow cytometry laboratory was searched for specimens that were analyzed by flow cytometry for Vbeta and that were involved by AITL. Flow cytometry was performed for the following antigens: T‐cell‐associated proteins, CD10, CD56, CD94, CD161, killer‐cell immunoglobulin‐like receptors, alpha‐beta T‐cell receptor, gamma‐delta T‐cell receptor, and Vbeta.

Results

Five patients had six specimens of blood (two), of bone marrow (one), or of lymph nodes (three). Immunophenotypic aberrances were detected for antigens: CD2 (2/6), CD3 (6/6), CD4 (1/6), CD5 (1/6), CD7 (5/6), and CD45 (2/6). All abnormal T‐cell populations expressed CD4, and most expressed CD10 (5/6). Four specimens were clonally restricted for Vbeta. Two specimens lacked the alpha‐beta T‐cell receptor and Vbeta.

Conclusions

Vbeta analysis by flow cytometry can be used to detect clonal alpha‐beta FHT in AITL, which may be difficult to diagnose with early involvement. Abnormal Vbeta expression on CD10‐positive T cells confirms that FHT are the neoplastic cells. © 2014 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Leadership is an art, Part II
Authors: Hodges Dawn Z.
Published: January 2015

When I entered the Millennium Gate Museum in Atlanta to view the Churchill exhibit, I was filled with much emotion. After all, he was arguably one of the most important political figures in the 20th century and perhaps the most influential person in the outcome of the Second World War. But it wasn't a war or political exhibit I had come to see. It was “The Art of Diplomacy: Winston Churchill and the Pursuit of Painting.” I had learned he was an artist only a few days before. Let me tell you how I came to know this.
Ensure faculty who determine articulations understand Cambridge credentials
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: January 2015

At many institutions, faculty members and officials within departments determine how courses will articulate. If that's true at your institution, you probably already have determined how Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate courses will count for credit. And if you haven't already, you're likely to start seeing coursework students who have taken Cambridge International courses and examinations in high school.
Circulating microRNAs in heart failure with reduced and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Wong Lee Lee , Armugam Arunmozhiarasi , Sepramaniam Sugunavathi , Karolina Dwi Setyowati , Lim Kai Ying , Lim Jia Yuen , Chong Jenny P. C. , Ng Jessica Y. X. , Chen Yei‐Tsung , Chan Michelle M. Y. , Chen Zhaojin , Yeo Poh Shuan D. , Ng Tze P. , Ling Lieng H. , Sim David , Leong Kui Toh G. , Ong Hean Y. , Jaufeerally Fazlur , Wong Raymond , Chai Ping , Low Adrian F. , Lam Carolyn S. P. , Jeyaseelan Kandiah , Richards Arthur Mark
Published: January 2015

Aim

The potential diagnostic utility of circulating microRNAs in heart failure (HF) or in distinguishing HF with reduced vs. preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFREF and HFPEF, respectively) is unclear. We sought to identify microRNAs suitable for diagnosis of HF and for distinguishing both HFREF and HFPEF from non‐HF controls and HFREF from HFPEF.

Methods and results

MicroRNA profiling performed on whole blood and corresponding plasma samples of 28 controls, 39 HFREF and 19 HFPEF identified 344 microRNAs to be dysregulated among the three groups. Further analysis using an independent cohort of 30 controls, 30 HFREF and 30 HFPEF, presented 12 microRNAs with diagnostic potential for one or both HF phenotypes. Of these, miR‐1233, ‐183‐3p, ‐190a, ‐193b‐3p, ‐193b‐5p, ‐211‐5p, ‐494, and ‐671‐5p distinguished HF from controls. Altered levels of miR‐125a‐5p, ‐183‐3p, ‐193b‐3p, ‐211‐5p, ‐494, ‐638, and ‐671‐5p were found in HFREF while levels of miR‐1233, ‐183‐3p, ‐190a, ‐193b‐3p, ‐193b‐5p, and ‐545‐5p distinguished HFPEF from controls. Four microRNAs (miR‐125a‐5p, ‐190a, ‐550a‐5p, and ‐638) distinguished HFREF from HFPEF. Selective microRNA panels showed stronger discriminative power than N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP). In addition, individual or multiple microRNAs used in combination with NT‐proBNP increased NT‐proBNP's discriminative performance, achieving perfect intergroup distinction. Pathway analysis revealed that the altered microRNAs expression was associated with several mechanisms of potential significance in HF.

Conclusions

We report specific microRNAs as potential biomarkers in distinguishing HF from non‐HF controls and in differentiating between HFREF and HFPEF.
Loop diuretic dose adjustments after a hospitalization for heart failure: insights from ASCEND‐HF
Authors: DeVore Adam D. , Hasselblad Vic , Mentz Robert J. , O'Connor Christopher M. , Armstrong Paul W. , McMurray John J. , Ezekowitz Justin A. , Tang W.H. Wilson , Starling Randall C. , Voors Adriaan A. , Califf Robert M. , Hernandez Adrian F.
Published: January 2015

Aims

Loop diuretics are a cornerstone of heart failure (HF) treatment, but data regarding diuretic dose adjustments after a HF hospitalization and the association with subsequent outcomes are limited. This study was therefore conducted to determine these factors.

Methods and results

We analysed data from 6119 patients enrolled in ASCEND‐HF, examining the association between loop diuretic use at the time of discharge, compared with admission, and the composite outcome of 30‐day HF re‐hospitalization or all‐cause mortality. The majority of patients, 3921 (64%), were taking a loop diuretic on admission. At discharge, 3411 (56%) patients were prescribed higher doses compared with admission, including 1867 (31%) initiating daily outpatient diuretics; 1912 (31%) had no dose change and 795 (13%) were prescribed lower doses compared with admission. Initiation of an oral loop diuretic at discharge was independently associated with better 30‐day outcomes compared with no dose change [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37–0.68]. However, for patients that were already established on a loop diuretic prior to admission, change in the dose at discharge was not associated with improved outcomes compared with no dose change (adjusted OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.79–1.07).

Conclusions

In a large multinational clinical trial, 56% of patients hospitalized with HF were either initiated on a daily loop diuretic at discharge or discharged on higher doses compared with admission. In patients established on diuretics prior to hospitalization, we found no association between changes to chronic doses at discharge and improved outcomes, whereas initiation of loop diuretic therapy was associated with better outcomes compared with no dose change.
Cultivate the top 5 characteristics of an extraordinary leader
Authors: McCarthy Claudine
Published: January 2015

To become an extraordinary leader, you need five key characteristics.
MicroRNA–mRNA interactions in colorectal cancer and their role in tumor progression
Authors: Amirkhah Raheleh , Schmitz Ulf , Linnebacher Michael , Wolkenhauer Olaf , Farazmand Ali
Published: January 2015

MicroRNAs (miRNA/miR) play an important role in gene regulatory networks through targeting mRNAs. They are involved in diverse biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Due to their pivotal effects on multiple genes and pathways, dysregulated miRNAs have been reported to be associated with different diseases, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent evidence indicates that aberrant miRNA expression is tightly linked with the initiation and progression of CRC. To elucidate the influence of miRNA regulation in CRC, it is critical to identify dysregulated miRNAs, their target mRNA genes and their involvement in gene regulatory and signaling networks. Various experimental and computational studies have been conducted to decipher the function of miRNAs involved in CRC. Experimental studies that are used for this purpose can be classified into two categories: direct/individual and indirect/high‐throughput gene expression studies. Here we review miRNA target identification studies related to CRC with an emphasis on experimental data based on Luciferase reporter assays. Recent advances in determining the function of miRNAs and the signaling pathways they are involved in have also been summarized. The review helps bioinformaticians and biologists to find extensive information about downstream targets of dysregulated miRNAs, and their pro‐/anti‐CRC effects. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Retrospective Likelihood Approach for Efficient Integration of Multiple Omics Factors in Case‐Control Association Studies
Authors: Balliu Brunilda , Tsonaka Roula , Boehringer Stefan , Houwing‐Duistermaat Jeanine
Published: January 2015

Integrative omics, the joint analysis of outcome and multiple types of omics data, such as genomics, epigenomics, and transcriptomics data, constitute a promising approach for powerful and biologically relevant association studies. These studies often employ a case‐control design, and often include nonomics covariates, such as age and gender, that may modify the underlying omics risk factors. An open question is how to best integrate multiple omics and nonomics information to maximize statistical power in case‐control studies that ascertain individuals based on the phenotype. Recent work on integrative omics have used prospective approaches, modeling case‐control status conditional on omics, and nonomics risk factors. Compared to univariate approaches, jointly analyzing multiple risk factors with a prospective approach increases power in nonascertained cohorts. However, these prospective approaches often lose power in case‐control studies. In this article, we propose a novel statistical method for integrating multiple omics and nonomics factors in case‐control association studies. Our method is based on a retrospective likelihood function that models the joint distribution of omics and nonomics factors conditional on case‐control status. The new method provides accurate control of Type I error rate and has increased efficiency over prospective approaches in both simulated and real data.
Diagenesis and reservoir quality analysis in the Lower Cretaceous Qishn sandstones from Masila oilfields in the Sayun–Masila Basin, eastern Yemen
Authors: Al Areeq Nabil M. , Soliman Mohamed A. , Essa Mahmoud A. , Al‐Azazi Nabeel A.
Published: January 2015

Lower Cretaceous sandstones of the Qishn Formation have been studied by integrating sedimentological, petrological and petrophysical analyses from wells in the Masila oilfields of eastern Yemen. These analyses were used to define the origin, type of diagenesis and its relation to reservoir quality. The sandstones of the Qishn Formation are predominately quartz arenite to subarkose arenite with sublitharenite and quartz wackes displaying a range of porosities, averaging 22.33%. Permeability is likewise variable with an average of 2844.2 mD. Cementation coupled with compaction had an important effect on porosity destruction after sedimentation and burial. The widespread occurrence of early calcite cement suggests that the sandstones of the Qishn Formation lost significant primary porosity at an early stage of its diagenetic history. In addition to poikilotopic calcite, several different cements including kaolinite, illite, chlorite and minor illite–smectite occur as pore‐filling and pore‐lining cements, which were either accompanied by or followed the development of the early calcite cement. Secondary porosity development occurred due to partial to complete dissolution of early calcite cements and feldspar grains. The new data presented in this paper suggest the reservoir quality of Qishn sandstones is strongly linked to their diagenetic history; hence, the reservoir quality is reduced by clay minerals, calcite and silica cements but is enhanced by the dissolution of the unstable grains, in addition to partial or complete dissolution of calcite cements and unstable grains. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bonds to the homeland: Patterns and determinants of women's transnational travel frequency among three immigrant groups in Germany
Authors: Iarmolenko Svitlana , Titzmann Peter F. , Silbereisen Rainer K.
Published: January 2015

Technology developments have changed immigrants' adaptation patterns in modern societies, allowing immigrants to sustain dense, complex connections with homeland while adjusting in the host country, a new phenomenon termed transnationalism. As empirical studies on immigrant transnationalism are still scarce, the purpose of this study was to investigate mean levels and determinants of a core component of transnationalism—transnational travel. Hypotheses were based on context of exiting homeland, living conditions in Germany and demographic and sociocultural variables. Transnational travel behaviour was assessed as frequency of return trips in three immigrant groups in Germany: ethnic Germans, Russian Jews and Turks. Interviews were conducted with 894 women participants from these groups. Results showed substantial transnational travel behaviour in all groups with Turks reporting higher levels than ethnic Germans and Russian Jews. Interindividual differences in transnational travel within groups were also examined. Results indicated similarities (e.g. network size in home country related positively to transnational travel frequency in all groups) and group‐specific associations (e.g. co‐ethnic identifying related positively to transnational travel frequency among Turks, but negatively for the other groups). Our study highlights the need for a new understanding of immigration and emphasises the consideration of group‐specific mechanisms in transnational travel behaviour.
Therapeutic plasma exchange as treatment for propofol infusion syndrome
Authors: Levin Phillip D. , Levin Valentin , Weissman Charles , Sprung Charles L. , Rund Deborah
Published: January 2015

Propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS), a rare complication of propofol sedation, is associated with high mortality. There is no specific therapy. A 16‐year‐old with head injury and status epilepticus is described. Three days after seizure resolution, whilst receiving propofol, he developed severe lactic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, and hemodynamic instability. Suspected PRIS was treated with a single session of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). This was associated with immediate improvement in hemodynamic status, resolution of lactic acidosis within 24 h, normalization of CPK over 10 days, and a subsequent full recovery. TPE is suggested as a novel therapy for PRIS. J. Clin. Apheresis 30:311–313, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stress, burnout, and job satisfaction in 470 health professionals in 98 apheresis units in Italy: A SIdEM collaborative study
Authors: Tremolada Marta , Schiavo Simone , Tison Tiziana , Sormano Emilia , De Silvestro Giustina , Marson Piero , Pierelli Luca
Published: January 2015

Aims: In Italian and international background, there are no studies focusing on stress, burnout indicators, and job satisfaction in health professionals working in the apheresis units. This study aims to fill this void both for scientific and clinical reasons. Methods: The participants were 470 health professionals (220 physicians, 250 nurses), mostly female (73.4%), with an average age of 48.09 (with the 5° percentile under 32 years and the 95° percentile over 60), working in the Apheresis Units in the North (228), in the Center (131) and in the Southern‐islands of Italy (111). The health professionals' years on the job were principally between one and 10 years (40.2%) or from 11 to 20 years (33.2%). The prevalent activity was therapeutic apheresis (48.5%). The self‐report questionnaires were proposed electronically by a protected online site. Results: Important stress levels were identified in the health professionals. Physicians principally showed medium (47.5%) and high (35.8%) stress levels. Stress levels of nurses were mostly low (57.7%) or medium (25.7%). Female gender in nurses [t(268) = −3.29; P = 0.001] and in physician professions [t(217) = −3.01; P = 0.03] was a risk factor for stress. Both job categories were placed at a high risk level for burnout syndrome comparing with normative scales, especially the health professionals working in the center of Italy for the scales “Emotional exhaustion” [F(2) = 4.39; P = 0.013] and “Professional inefficacy” [F(2) = 4.38; P = 0.013]. Conclusions: Health professionals working in the apheresis unit show high stress levels and burnout risk. New preventive programs and specific clinical interventions should be constructed. J. Clin. Apheresis 30:297–304, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preparation of a hybrid monolithic stationary phase with allylsulfonate for the rapid and simultaneous separation of cations in capillary ion chromatography
Authors: Rahayu Aster , Lim Lee Wah , Takeuchi Toyohide
Published: January 2015

A hybrid monolithic column with sulfonate functionality was successfully prepared for the simultaneous separation of common inorganic cations in ion‐exchange chromatographic mode through a simple and easy single‐step preparation method. The strong cation‐exchange moieties were provided directly from allylsulfonate, which worked as an organic monomer in the single‐step reaction. Inorganic cations (Li+, Na+, K+, NH4+, Cs+, Rb+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Sr2+) were separated satisfactorily by using CuSO4 as the eluent with indirect UV detection. The allysulfonate hybrid monolith showed a better performance in terms of speed and pressure drop than the capillary packed column. The number of theoretical plates achieved was 19 017 plates/m (in the case of NH4+ as the analyte). The relative standard deviations (n = 6) of both retention time and peak height were less than 1.96% for all the analyte cations. The allysulfonate hybrid monolithic column was successfully applied for the rapid and simultaneous separation of inorganic cations in groundwater and the effluent of onsite domestic wastewater treatment system.
Bacteria Cellulose: Biopolymer from Gluconacetobacter Xylinus
Authors: Mathur Garima , Dua Aarushi , Das Anushuya Raj , Kaur Harleen , Kukal Samiksha , Sharma Parul , Goswami Navendu , Sahai Anshuman , Mathur Ashwani
Published: January 2015

Summary In the present study, production, characterization and optimization of bacterial cellulose (BC) from Gluconacetobacter xylinus MTCC 7795 has been investigated. Effect of various carbon sources and bioprocess parameters on bacterial growth rate and subsequent BC production were studied and optimized. Supplementation of the media with different carbon sources resulted in varying yield of bacterial cellulose. Variations in the arrangement of bacterial cellulose with variations in carbon source were analyzed using FT‐IR. Results have suggested that characteristic vibrational modes of BC produced were almost same in the typical fingerprint regions as in commercial cellulose.
Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Spray Pyrolysis Deposited CdS Films
Authors: Gunjal Shashikant D. , Khollam Yogesh B. , Arote Sandeep A. , Jadkar Sandesh R. , Shelke Pandit N. , Mohite Kakasaheb C.
Published: January 2015

The n‐type cadmium sulfide (CdS) is one of the most promising materials for hetero‐junction thin film solar cell applications due to its wide bandgap (2.42 eV). In present communication, the deposition of pure CdS films with hexagonal symmetry by using home‐built spray pyrolysis technique and aqueous solutions of CdCl2 and NH2.CS.NH2 as the precursor materials is reported. The films were deposited at the substrate temperatures of 200, 250 and 300 °C with UHP nitrogen as a carrier gas and characterized by using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV‐visible spectroscopy and Hall Effect measurement. The structural studies by using XRD showed that the resultant films have strong orientation of CdS crystallites along (101) with hexagonal structure (wurtzite type). The average crystallite size is found to be 17 nm. The UV‐visible spectroscopy studies of resultant films showed the optical transmittance equal to ≈50% and bandgap is found to be between 2.39 – 2.41 eV. The resistivity and average Hall coefficient are found to be 1.451 × 101 Ωcm and ‐ 1.557 × 103 cm3/C respectively. The resultant films are observed to be good to make a solar cell with CdS as a window layer.
Catechin and quercetin attenuate adipose inflammation in fructose‐fed rats and 3T3‐L1 adipocytes
Authors: Vazquez Prieto Marcela A. , Bettaieb Ahmed , Rodriguez Lanzi Cecilia , Soto Verónica C. , Perdicaro Diahann J. , Galmarini Claudio R. , Haj Fawaz G. , Miatello Roberto M. , Oteiza Patricia I.
Published: January 2015

Scope

This study evaluated the capacity of dietary catechin (C), quercetin (Q), and the combination of both (CQ), to attenuate adipose inflammation triggered by high fructose (HFr) consumption in rats and by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes.

Methods and results

In rats, HFr consumption for 6 wk caused dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, reduced plasma adiponectin, adiposity, and adipose tissue inflammation. Dietary supplementation with 20 mg/kg/day of C, Q, and CQ improved all these parameters. In 3T3‐L1 adipocytes, C and Q attenuated TNF‐α‐induced elevated protein carbonyls, increased proinflammatory cytokine expression (MCP‐1, resistin), and decreased adiponectin. The protective effects of C and Q on adipose inflammation are in part associated with their capacity to (i) decrease the activation of the mitogen‐activated kinases (MAPKs) JNK and p38; and (ii) prevent the downregulation of PPAR‐γ. In summary, C and Q, and to a larger extent the combination of both, attenuated adipose proinflammatory signaling cascades and regulated the balance of molecules that improve (adiponectin) or impair (TNF‐α, MCP‐1, resistin) insulin sensitivity.

Conclusion

Together, these findings suggest that dietary Q and C may have potential benefits in mitigating MetS‐associated adipose inflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance.
Enhanced bioavailability of lycopene when consumed as cis‐isomers from tangerine compared to red tomato juice, a randomized, cross‐over clinical trial
Authors: Cooperstone Jessica L. , Ralston Robin A. , Riedl Ken M. , Haufe Thomas C. , Schweiggert Ralf M. , King Samantha A. , Timmers Cynthia D. , Francis David M. , Lesinski Gregory B. , Clinton Steven K. , Schwartz Steven J.
Published: January 2015

Scope

Tangerine tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) are rich in tetra‐cis‐lycopene resulting from natural variation in carotenoid isomerase. Our objective was to compare the bioavailability of lycopene from tangerine to red tomato juice, and elucidate physical deposition forms of these isomers in tomatoes by light and electron microscopy.

Methods and results

Following a randomized cross‐over design, subjects (n = 11, 6 M/5 F) consumed two meals delivering 10 mg lycopene from tangerine (94% cis) or red tomato juice (10% cis). Blood was sampled over 12 h and triglyceride‐rich lipoprotein fractions of plasma were isolated and analyzed using HPLC‐DAD‐MS/MS. Lycopene was crystalline in red tomato chromoplasts and globular in tangerine tomatoes. With tangerine tomato juice we observed a marked 8.5‐fold increase in lycopene bioavailability compared to red tomato juice (p < 0.001). Fractional absorption was 47.70 ± 8.81% from tangerine and 4.98 ± 1.92% from red tomato juices. Large heterogeneity was observed among subjects.

Conclusion

Lycopene is markedly more bioavailable from tangerine than from red tomato juice, consistent with a predominance of cis‐lycopene isomers and presence in chromoplasts in a lipid dissolved globular state. These results justify using tangerine tomatoes as a lycopene source in studies examining the potential health benefits of lycopene‐rich foods.
Nerve ultrasound in a case of multifocal motor neuropathy without conduction block
Authors: Pitarokoili Kalliopi , Gold Ralf , Yoon Min‐Suk
Published: January 2015

Introduction: Multifocal nerve enlargements and ultrastructural changes either corresponding or not to sites of existing conduction blocks have been described in demyelinating polyneuropathies using multiple imaging techniques. Methods: Using the emerging technique of peripheral nerve ultrasonography we investigated the peripheral nerves of a patient with multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) without conduction block. Results: In this case of MMN without conduction blocks we found multifocal nerve enlargements in the ultrasonography and electrodiagnostic signs of acute and chronic denervation associated with positive anti‐GM1 IgM antibodies. Conclusions: This case shows that nerve ultrasound can be a complementary tool for diagnosing multifocal motor neuropathy without typical electrodiagnostic features. Muscle Nerve 52: 294–299, 2015
Photovoltaics literature survey (No. 117)
Authors: Hameiri Ziv
Published: January 2015

In order to help keep readers up‐to‐date in the field, each issue of Progress in Photovoltaics will contain a list of recently published journal articles that are most relevant to its aims and scope. This list is drawn from an extremely wide range of journals, including IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Renewable Energy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Journal of Applied Physics, and Applied Physics Letters. To assist the reader, the list is separated into broad categories, but please note that these classifications are by no means strict. Also note that inclusion in the list is not an endorsement of a paper's quality. If you have any suggestions please email Ziv Hameiri at ziv.hameiri@unsw.edu.au.
Mass spectrometry imaging for the proteomic study of clinical tissue
Authors: Cole Laura M. , Clench Malcolm R.
Published: January 2015

Over the last decade, MALDI‐MS imaging has been used by researchers to explore areas of proteomics, lipidomics and metabolomics in samples of clinical origin for both targeted and global biomarker analysis. Numerous technological advancements in MS and clinical tissue MS imaging have been accomplished; hence, in this article we aim to critically discuss whether MS imaging has now in fact become a true champion of the ‘Omics Era’. In order to assess the potential for it to be routinely used in the clinical setting, it is pertinent to discuss some of its limitations, and to examine how these have been addressed by researchers. The key limitations of the technique we will discuss in this viewpoint article are as follows: sample throughput; relevance to patients, the availability of validated/standardised techniques; and integration with conventional pathology and other medical imaging techniques. Good progress has been made over the last 5 years in overcoming these limitations that had previously restricted the use of this technology in the clinical setting.
Global cPILOT analysis of the APP/PS‐1 mouse liver proteome
Authors: Evans Adam R. , Gu Liqing , Guerrero Rodolfo , Robinson Renã A. S.
Published: January 2015

Purpose

A quantitative proteomics strategy called combined precursor isotopic labeling and isobaric tagging (cPILOT) was designed to discover alterations in the amyloid precursor protein/presenilin‐1 (APP/PS‐1) mouse liver proteome. The multiplexing strategy allows simultaneous quantitation of 12 samples in a single experiment.

Experimental design

For cPILOT samples, six APP/PS‐1 and six heterozygous mouse livers were modified using precursor dimethylation (pH 2.5) followed by isobaric tagging (pH 8.0). Samples were pooled, fractioned with strong cation exchange, and analyzed using RPLC‐MS3 for protein identification and relative quantitation. In order to increase proteome coverage, a two‐tiered data collection strategy was employed. Six duplex precursor dimethylation experiments were also performed to verify cPILOT protein quantitation.

Results

The combination of cPILOT with precursor dimethylation data resulted in 2437 total liver proteins identified and 77 differentially expressed proteins in APP/PS‐1 liver. Differentially expressed proteins are involved in metabolic processes such as B‐oxidation, pyruvate metabolism, and glucose regulation.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

cPILOT expands protein quantitation using isobaric tags and can be applied to any clinical laboratory interested in enhanced multiplexing strategies. Differentially expressed proteins in APP/PS‐1 mouse liver suggest the potential use of ketone bodies to alleviate metabolic dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease brain. Our work also suggests alterations in the alanine cycle potentially leading to hyperammonia production, may contribute to Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.
Scientists' views about communication training
Authors: Besley John C. , Dudo Anthony , Storksdieck Martin
Published: January 2015

This study assesses how scientists think about science communication training based on the argument that such training represents an important tool in improving the quality of interactions between scientists and the public. It specifically focuses on training related to five goals, including views about training to make science messages understandable, as well as attitude‐focused training meant to build trust and credibility, to demonstrate that one listens to the public, to demonstrate that one cares about the public's views, and to frame messages to resonate with audiences' pre‐existing values. The theory of planned behavior and procedural justice theory were used to identify potential predictors of views about training toward these goals. Results show that the scientists rate message comprehension and credibility most favorably and give their lowest rating to training related to framing. Regression analyses reveal that believing that public engagement can make a difference (external efficacy) and belief in the ethicality of specific goals were the best predictors of whether scientists saw value in goal‐oriented training. The results suggest that communication trainers might benefit from emphasizing the effectiveness and ethicality of engagement activities if they want to attract scientists to communication training, and that more work may need to be done by professional organizations to help scientists consider the value of thinking about communication goals beyond the traditional focus on message comprehension. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 52:199–220, 2015.
Key aspects of scientific competence for citizenship: A Delphi study of the expert community in Spain
Authors: Blanco‐López Ángel , España‐Ramos Enrique , González‐García Francisco José , Franco‐Mariscal Antonio Joaquín
Published: January 2015

Recent decades have seen an increasing emphasis on linking the content and aims of science teaching to what the average citizen requires in order to participate effectively in contemporary society, one that is heavily dependent on science and technology. However, despite attempts to define what a scientific education for citizenship should ideally involve, a comprehensive set of key aspects has yet to be clearly established. With this in mind, the present study sought to determine empirically the extent of any consensus in Spain regarding the principal aspects of scientific competence that citizens should possess in order to function adequately in everyday life. This was done by means of a three‐stage Delphi process involving 31 participants drawn from among leading and acknowledged Spanish scholar‐scientists and engineers, researchers and private sector scientists, philosophers of science, science educators, and science communicators. The outcome of this process was a set of five aspects for which there was both consensus and stability. Several of these aspects were also found to be interrelated. There was a tendency for higher ratings to be given to aspects related to attitudes and/or values than to those referring to knowledge. It was in relation to the latter, along with other aspects concerning the nature of science, that discrepancies were observed among the different professional groups surveyed. Comparison of the present results with the content of previous reports indicates that in recent decades the ability to think critically and skills related to the interpretation of information have been considered to be important aspects for citizens to acquire as part of their scientific education. It is argued that the five key aspects identified in this study should be considered jointly in the context of school science education, since they are interrelated skills that citizens will require when tackling important issues and making decisions in various spheres of their life (personal, social, professional, etc.). © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 52:164–198, 2015.
Dynamic framing in the communication of scientific research: Texts and interactions
Authors: Davis Pryce R. , Russ Rosemary S.
Published: January 2015

The fields of science education and science communication share the overarching goal of helping non‐experts and non‐members of the professional science community develop knowledge of the content and processes of scientific research. However, the specific audiences, methods, and aims employed in the two fields have evolved quite differently and as a result, the two fields rarely share findings and theory. Despite this lack of crosstalk, one theoretical construct—framing—has shown substantial analytic power for researchers in both fields. Specifically, both fields have productively made use of the fact that when people approach situations or texts in the world, they do so with a sense of “what is going on here” that guides their actions and sense‐making in that situation. In this article, we examine the dynamics of how interactions between scientists, reporters, members of the general public, and various texts give rise to in‐the‐moment frames that shape each actors interpretation of scientific research. In doing so we couple science communication literature's focus on framings within and across texts with science education's focus on dynamic framing in interactions. We present a case study that follows a single piece of scientific research from scientist to reporter to the general public. Through semi‐structured clinical interviews, video‐based observation, and qualitative content analysis, we demonstrate that changes in science knowledge as it moves along the pathways of science communication are the aggregate result of dynamic moment‐to‐moment framings dispersed over people and interactions. The complexity and nuance of the story presented here have implications for how each field—science communication and science education—conceptualizes the process by which the public comes to knowledge of science. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 52:221–252, 2015.
Using Professional Learning Communities to Bolster Comprehension Instruction
Authors: Dougherty Stahl Katherine A.
Published: January 2015

High‐level comprehension instruction is the focus of the Common Core State Standards in English Language Arts. However, it has been a challenge for states to provide the professional development (PD) needed to support teachers’ implementation of the CCSS. Professional learning communities (PLC) are a means of providing school‐embedded PD to meet these needs. This article provides suggestions for using The Reading Teacher's Research into Practice columns as a springboard for implementing a PLC model of PD. First, the structure of PLC sessions is reviewed. This is followed by a description of the key ideas, suggested readings, and PLC tasks for enhancing comprehension instruction within each of three elementary grade level bands.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Beyond Left Ventricular Wall Thickness
Authors: Fattal Julie , Henry Marc-Antoine , Ou Sopheap , Bradette Simon , Papas Konstantin , Marcotte François , Garceau Patrick , Pressacco Josephine
Published: January 2015

During the past decade, cardiac magnetic resonance has gained increasing popularity in the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy because of its greater accuracy and better characterization of cardiac morphology compared with other imaging modalities. In this pictorial essay, a global clinical portrait of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy will be drawn. The various radiologic findings associated with each variant of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and the clinical edge offered by cardiac magnetic resonance will be discussed.
Pilot Study: Introducing a Quality Assurance Process for a Team-Centered Approach Involving Nonphysician Providers in Radiology
Authors: Kielar Ania Z. , Ritchie Heather , McInnes Matthew D. , O'Sullivan Joseph
Published: January 2015

Purpose

The objective of this study was to introduce 3 new quality initiatives in radiology that engage various members of the department including radiologists, residents, technologists, and booking clerks. These pilot programs provide work-related learning opportunities in semiautomated, easy-to-use, email-based, standardized forms that are used to identify cases where imaging could have been performed in a more optimal way (either due to technical reasons or a different protocol could have been chosen). In the case of the Kudos quality initiative program (QUIP), this is used to provide positive feedback to an individual in the department for a job well done.

Methods

Since inception in January 2012 to September 2013, we reviewed Technical QUIPs, protocols under questions (PUQ), and Kudos QUIPs. These were collated through receipt of standardized emails for each category.

Results

A total of 62 Kudos QUIPs, 8 Technical QUIPs, and 58 PUQs were received in the abdominal and pelvic imaging division since inception.

Conclusions

Though still a relatively new pilot programs, PUQs and Technical QUIPs have afforded technologists and booking clerks opportunities to become engaged in improving patient care as well as learning from their own performance gaps. Future standardization of received data for each modality still needs to be established as well as an action plan to implement long-term changes.
Frequency of Nonthromboembolic Imaging Abnormalities in Pregnant Women Referred for Computed Tomography Pulmonary Arteriography
Authors: Moriarty John M. , Bolster Ferdia , O'Connor Clare , Fitzpatrick Patricia , Lawler Leo P. , Kavanagh Eoin C. , MacMahon Peter J. , Murray John G.
Published: January 2015

Purpose

The study sought to determine the frequency of nonthromboembolic imaging abnormalities in pregnant women referred for computed tomography pulmonary arteriography (CTPA).

Materials and Methods

CTPA studies on 100 consecutive pregnant women performed over a 5-year period were reviewed independently by 2 radiologists, with conflicts resolved by consensus. Age range was 18-43 years (mean 28 years). The presence or absence of pulmonary embolism and of nonthromboembolic imaging abnormalities was recorded. These were graded as A if the abnormalities were thought to provide potential alternative explanations for acute symptoms, B if findings were incidental that required clinical or radiologic follow-up, and C if the findings did not require further action.

Results

Pulmonary embolism was seen in 5 women. In 2 of these additional findings of consolidation and infarction were seen. Ninety-five women did not have pulmonary embolism. Eleven women (12%) had grade A abnormalities; 6 cases of consolidation, 2 cases of lobar collapse, and 3 cases of heart failure with pleural effusions. One woman had a grade B abnormality due to the presence of pulmonary nodules. Ten women had incidental grade C abnormalities.

Conclusion

Pulmonary embolism occurs in 5% of pregnant women referred for CTPA. In pregnant women without embolism on CTPA, potential alternative causes for patient symptoms are seen on CT in 12% of cases.
VCP/Cdc48 rescues the growth defect of a GPI10 mutant in yeast
Authors: Ohnuma Yohei , Takata Takahiro , Kawawaki Junko , Yasuda Kunihiko , Tanaka Keiji , Kimura Yoko , Kakizuka Akira
Published: January 2015

We identified a yeast mutant with temperature‐sensitive growth defects that were rescued by VCP expression. The mutation occurred in GPI10, which encodes a mannosyl transferase for glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor formation in the endoplasmic reticulum, and caused a Gly469Glu substitution in Gpi10. The mutant exhibited increased unfolded protein response, which was partially rescued by VCP or Cdc48, and showed sensitivity against cell‐wall stressors, which were not rescued by VCP. These results suggest a potential link between VCP/Cdc48 and Gpi10 functions in the control of cell growth.