bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multichannel highly secure wireless communication system with information camouflage capability
Authors: Wang Hai Lin , Ma Hui Feng , Zhang Yan Kai , Zhang Tai Yi , Sun Shi , Chen Yue Teng , Cui Tie Jun
Published: May 2024

Information metasurface has shown great potential in wireless communications owing to its ability to flexibly control electromagnetic waves. However, it is still a big challenge to achieve high-security and large–channel capacity wireless communications by a simple system. Here, we propose a space-polarization-division multiplexing secure wireless communication system with information camouflage capability based on the information metasurface, which can realize multichannel encrypted wireless communications with different polarization coding strategies independently and simultaneously. A polarization mask key is introduced to encrypt the target message, and the cipher message is further concealed behind a cover image with steganography and sent to the user by using the polarization modulation strategy. Different polarization mask keys can be adopted in each individual communication by changing the polarization coding strategy to enhance the system security. The proposed scheme integrates computational algorithm encryption and physical layer security together and thus has the advantages of high security, large channel capacity, and strong camouflage ability.
An interaction network in the polymerase active site is a prerequisite for Watson-Crick base pairing in Pol γ
Authors: Park Joon , Herrmann Geoffrey K. , Roy Arkanil , Shumate Christie K. , Cisneros G. Andrés , Yin Y. Whitney
Published: May 2024

The replication accuracy of DNA polymerase gamma (Pol γ) is essential for mitochondrial genome integrity. Mutation of human Pol γ arginine-853 has been linked to neurological diseases. Although not a catalytic residue, Pol γ arginine-853 mutants are void of polymerase activity. To identify the structural basis for the disease, we determined a crystal structure of the Pol γ mutant ternary complex with correct incoming nucleotide 2′-deoxycytidine 5′-triphosphate (dCTP). Opposite to the wild type that undergoes open-to-closed conformational changes when bound to a correct nucleotide that is essential for forming a catalytically competent active site, the mutant complex failed to undergo the conformational change, and the dCTP did not base pair with its Watson-Crick complementary templating residue. Our studies revealed that arginine-853 coordinates an interaction network that aligns the 3′-end of primer and dCTP with the catalytic residues. Disruption of the network precludes the formation of Watson-Crick base pairing and closing of the active site, resulting in an inactive polymerase.
Electrocatalytic ORR–coupled ammoximation for efficient oxime synthesis
Authors: Yuan Yujia , Chen Lisong , Wan Zhipeng , Shi Kai , Teng Xue , Xu Hao , Wu Peng , Shi Jianlin
Published: May 2024

State-of-the-art technology for cyclohexanone oxime production typically demands elevated temperature and pressure, along with the utilization of expensive hydroxylamine sulfate or oxidants. Here, we propose an electrochemistry-assisted cascade strategy for the efficient cyclohexanone ammoximation under ambient conditions by using in situ cathode-generated green oxidants of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as OOH* and H
2
O
2
. This electrochemical reaction can take place at the cathode, achieving over 95% yield, 99% selectivity of cyclohexanone oxime, and an electron-to-oxime (ETO) efficiency of 96%. Mechanistic analysis reveals that, in addition to the direct ammoximation by in situ–generated OOH* by electrocatalytic ORR, Ti-MOR also play a major role in capturing OOH* directly and converting the in situ–generated H
2
O
2
to OOH*, thus accelerating the ORR-coupled cascade production of cyclohexanone oxime. This work paves a mild, economical, and sustainable energy-efficient electrocatalytic route for the oxime production using oxygen, ammonium bicarbonate, and cyclohexanone.
Efficacy of three EPA-registered antimicrobials and steam against two human norovirus surrogates on nylon carpets with two backing types
Authors: Huang Jinge , Fraser Angela , Jiang Xiuping
Published: May 2024

Carpet cleaning guidelines currently do not include the use of an antimicrobial, except after a bodily fluid event. To address this gap, we compared the efficacy of three antimicrobials—two hydrogen peroxide-based (H
2
O
2
) products (A and B) and one chlorine-based product (C)—and a steam treatment against two norovirus surrogates, specifically feline calicivirus (FCV) and Tulane virus (TuV). These tests were performed on nylon carpets with either water-permeable or waterproof backing types. The effect of repeated antimicrobial use on carpet properties was also evaluated. For a carpet with water-permeable backing, products A, B, and C achieved a 0.8, 3.1, and 0.9 log
10
PFU/coupon reduction of FCV and 0.3, 2.5, and 0.4 log
10
TCID
50
/coupon reduction of TuV, respectively, following a 30 min contact time. For carpet with waterproof backing, only product B achieved a 5.0 log
10
PFU/coupon reduction of FCV and >3.0 log
10
TCID
50
/coupon reduction of TuV, whereas products A and C achieved a 2.4 and 1.6 log
10
PFU/coupon reduction of FCV and a 1.2 and 1.2 log
10
TCID
50
/coupon reduction of TuV, respectively. Steam treatment achieved a ≥ 5.2 log
10
PFU/coupon reduction of FCV and a > 3.2 log
10
TCID
50
/coupon reduction of TuV in 15 seconds on the carpet with both backing types. The repeated use of products A and B decreased the tensile strength of the carpet backing, while use of product B resulted in cracks on carpet fibers. Overall, steam treatment for 15 seconds was efficacious on both carpet types, but only product B achieved efficacy after a 30-minute exposure on the carpet with waterproof backing.

IMPORTANCE

Carpets are common in long-term care facilities, despite its potential as a vehicle for transmission of agents associated with healthcare-associated infections, including human norovirus (NoV). Presently, our understanding of carpet disinfection is limited; hence, there are no commercial antimicrobials against norovirus available for use on carpets. Our findings showed that steam treatment, which minimally affected the properties of carpet fibers and backing, was more efficacious against human norovirus surrogates on carpets compared to the three chemical antimicrobials tested. Additionally, the two surrogates were more sensitive to chemical antimicrobials on the carpet with waterproof backing compared to carpets with water-permeable backing. These findings can inform development of antimicrobials for use on carpets contaminated with human norovirus.
Citrus psorosis virus 24K protein inhibits the processing of miRNA precursors by interacting with components of the biogenesis machinery
Authors: Marmisolle Facundo E. , Borniego María B. , Cambiagno Damián A. , Gonzalo Lucia , García María L. , Manavella Pablo A. , Hernández Carmen , Reyes Carina A.
Published: May 2024

Sweet orange (
Citrus sinensis
) is one of the most important fruit crops worldwide. Virus infections in this crop can interfere with cellular processes, causing dramatic economic losses. By performing RT-qPCR analyses, we demonstrated that citrus psorosis virus (CPsV)-infected orange plants exhibited higher levels of unprocessed microRNA (miRNA) precursors than healthy plants. This result correlated with the reported reduction of mature miRNAs species. The protein 24K, the CPsV suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR), interacts with miRNA precursors
in vivo
. Thus, this protein becomes a candidate responsible for the increased accumulation of unprocessed miRNAs. We analyzed 24K RNA-binding and protein-protein interaction domains and described patterns of its subcellular localization. We also showed that 24K colocalizes within nuclear D-bodies with the miRNA biogenesis proteins DICER-LIKE 1 (DCL1), HYPONASTIC LEAVES 1 (HYL1), and SERRATE (SE). According to the results of bimolecular fluorescence complementation and co-immunoprecipitation assays, the 24K protein interacts with HYL1 and SE. Thus, 24K may inhibit miRNA processing in CPsV-infected citrus plants by direct interaction with the miRNA processing complex. This work contributes to the understanding of how a virus can alter the regulatory mechanisms of the host, particularly miRNA biogenesis and function.

IMPORTANCE

Sweet oranges can suffer from disease symptoms induced by virus infections, thus resulting in drastic economic losses. In sweet orange plants, CPsV alters the accumulation of some precursors from the regulatory molecules called miRNAs. This alteration leads to a decreased level of mature miRNA species. This misregulation may be due to a direct association of one of the viral proteins (24K) with miRNA precursors. On the other hand, 24K may act with components of the cell miRNA processing machinery through a series of predicted RNA-binding and protein-protein interaction domains.
Sexual satisfaction, an indicator of sexual health and well-being? Insights from STI/HIV prevention research in European men who have sex with men
Authors: Blondeel Karel , Mirandola Massimo , Gios Lorenzo , Folch Cinta , Noestlinger Christiana , Cordioli Maddalena , De Sutter Petra , Temmerman Marleen , Toskin Igor
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Although sexual health has been holistically defined to include sexual satisfaction, it has been largely absent in health services and sexual and reproductive health and rights programmes in many parts of the world. We propose sexual satisfaction as a useful indicator, as one of the proxy measures for sexual health and well-being and as a component of well-being in general.

Methods

The Sialon II project is a multicentre biological and behavioural cross-sectional community-based survey implemented across 13 European cities during 2013–2014 among men who have sex with men. Sexual satisfaction was explored using one single item: ‘How satisfied are you with your sex life?’ A multivariable multilevel logistic random-intercept model was estimated to identify factors associated with reporting positive sexual satisfaction versus negative sexual satisfaction.

Results

Age, the number of partners and self-reported HIV status were not significantly associated with sexual satisfaction in the multivariate model. Participants reporting an insertive role or reported both an insertive and receptive role during the last anal intercourse were more likely to be sexually satisfied, compared with a receptive role. Participants reporting anal intercourse with a condom were more likely to be satisfied than those declaring no anal intercourse in the last 6 months, but no significant association was found compared with anal intercourse without condom. Knowledge of HIV-serostatus concordance with the last sexual partner was positively correlated with sexual satisfaction. Having had sexual intercourse with non-steady partners only in the last 6 months was negatively correlated. The more positive participants perceived their work/school, parents and friends/acquaintances’ attitudes towards gay or bisexual persons, the higher the odds they were satisfied with their sexual life.

Conclusion

Using a single item on sexual satisfaction in a bio-behavioural study, our analysis has shown that it is associated with individual, interpersonal and social/structural factors and has proven its usefulness as a sexual health indicator among men who have sex with men.
Noether symmetries of $$F(T,X,\phi )$$ cosmology
Authors: Kucukakca Yusuf , Akbarieh Amin Rezaei , Amiri Maryam
Published: May 2024

This article explores an analysis via the Noether symmetry approach to investigate an extended teleparallel $$F(T,X,\phi )$$

F
(
T
,
X
,
ϕ
)

gravity model in the context of a Friedmann–Robertson–Walker spacetime. The model incorporates the torsion scalar T, scalar field $$\phi $$
ϕ
and the kinetic term X of the scalar field. This approach allows us to select physically interesting models by restricting arbitrariness in the $$F(T,X,\phi )$$

F
(
T
,
X
,
ϕ
)

function. Thus we focus on two types of the function $$F(T,X,\phi )$$

F
(
T
,
X
,
ϕ
)

, namely models involving the generalized teleparallel dark energy and the nonlinear function of the kinetic term and analyze the Noether symmetry properties and demonstrate the presence of non-vanishing Noether vectors. In the first model, by specifically considering the $$\mathbf{X_{4}}$$

X
4

Noether symmetry, representing a scaling symmetry, we simplify the field equations and introduce a cyclic variable to enable a more workable formulation. Furthermore, we present a comprehensive graphical analysis, showcasing the time evolution of the scale factor and the scalar field by using the solutions obtained through these new variables. Additionally, we examine some fundamental cosmological parameters. For the second model, which includes the nonlinear form of the kinetic term, Noether symmetry results in obtaining simple power-law solutions for the dynamic variables. Our findings clearly show that the considered models represent an accelerating expansion of the Universe, which is consistent with observations. This study highlights the efficacy of the Noether symmetry approach in defining the functional form of $$F(T,X,\phi )$$

F
(
T
,
X
,
ϕ
)

and obtaining precise cosmological solutions. The analytical solutions and graphical analysis offer valuable insights into the dynamic behavior of the models, contributing to understanding the evolving nature of the Universe.
Precessing and periodic timelike orbits and their potential applications in Einsteinian cubic gravity
Authors: Li Yong-Zhuang , Kuang Xiao-Mei , Sang Yu
Published: May 2024

Einsteinian cubic gravity (ECG) is the most general theory up to cubic order in curvature, which has the same graviton spectrum as the Einstein theory. In this paper, we investigate the geodesic motions of timelike particles around the four dimensional asymptotically flat black holes in ECG, and discuss their potential applications when connecting them with recent observational results. We first explore the effects of the cubic couplings on the marginally bound orbits (MBO), innermost stable circular orbits (ISCO) and on the periodic orbits around the Einsteinian cubic black hole. We find that comparing to Schwarzschild black hole in general relativity, the cubic coupling enhances the energy as well as the angular momentum for all the bound orbits of the particles. Then, we derive the relativistic periastron precessions of the particles and give a preliminary bound on the cubic coupling employing the observational result of the S2 star’s pericenter precession in SgrA*. Finally, after calculating the periodic orbits’ configurations, we preliminarily evaluate the gravitational waveform radiated from several periodic orbits in one complete period of a test object which orbits a supermassive Einsteinian cubic black hole. Our studies could be helpful for us to better understand the gravitational structure of the theory with high curvatures.
Prospective Application of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) as a Possible Inflammatory Marker in Feline Patients
Authors: Gori Eleonora , Pasquini Anna , Paltrinieri Saverio , Lubas George , Militello Carlo , Diamanti Daniela , Carletti Carlo , Pantoli Marianna , Marchetti Veronica
Published: May 2024

The application of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in feline medicine is currently unavailable, while in canine medicine it has been rediscovered due to the introduction of an automated ESR device. Our aims were to (1) define the reference interval (RI) of the ESR in healthy cats, (2) evaluate the ESR values between healthy and ill cats, (3) evaluate relationships between the ESR and some inflammatory markers, and (4) assess ESR changes in different durations of illness (acute, chronic, or acute‐on‐chronic). A prospective multicentric cohort study on 200 client‐owned cats: 57 healthy cats and 143 ill cats for the other aims. Healthy cats were blood donors, or young cats underwent desexing procedures. Ill cats with full clinical medical records, hematobiochemical profiles, and diagnostic procedures to reach a final diagnosis were included. The ESR was performed with MINI‐PET using the same K3‐EDTA tubes used for CBC, with no additional sample required. The total leukocyte count (WBC), neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), fibrinogen, serum amyloid A, and albumin/globulin ratio (A/G) were concurrently measured. Based on the clinical presentation and the final diagnosis, cats were classified as having the following: acute, chronic, and acute‐on‐chronic conditions. The RI of the ESR ranged between 1 and 23 mm/h. Ill cats showed a significantly higher ESR (median 29 mm/h; range 12–46 mm/h) than healthy cats (median 10 mm/h; range 1–12 mm/h; p < 0.0001). The ESR was positively correlated only with fibrinogen (p < 0.001; r = 0.43). Cats with acute‐on‐chronic diseases had the highest ESR (median 47 mm/h; range 35–56 mm/h) compared with acute (median 16 mm/h; range 14–42 mm/h; p = 0.003) and chronic cats (median 14 mm/h; range 10–31 mm/h; p < 0.0001). Although further studies are needed, the ESR could be a useful ancillary inflammatory marker in cats, specifically in cats with acute diseases, with or without an underlying chronic condition.
Supplementary Figures from MACROD2 Haploinsufficiency Impairs Catalytic Activity of PARP1 and Promotes Chromosome Instability and Growth of Intestinal Tumors
Authors: Sakthianandeswaren Anuratha , Parsons Marie J. , Mouradov Dmitri , MacKinnon Ruth N. , Catimel Bruno , Liu Sheng , Palmieri Michelle , Love Christopher , Jorissen Robert N. , Li Shan , Whitehead Lachlan , Putoczki Tracy L. , Preaudet Adele , Tsui Cary , Nowell Cameron J. , Ward Robyn L. , Hawkins Nicholas J. , Desai Jayesh , Gibbs Peter , Ernst Matthias , Street Ian , Buchert Michael , Sieber Oliver M.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figures 1-23 including results for fine mapping of MACROD2 deletions, xenograft assay, immunofluoresence, comet assays, western blots, PARP1 activity assays, clonogenic assays, apoptosis assays, metaphase spreads and chromosome missegregation quantification.
TABLE 3 from Use of Deep Learning to Evaluate Tumor Microenvironmental Features for Prediction of Colon Cancer Recurrence
Authors: Sinicrope Frank A. , Nelson Garth D. , Saberzadeh-Ardestani Bahar , Segovia Diana I. , Graham Rondell P. , Wu Christina , Hagen Catherine E. , Shivji Sameer , Savage Paul , Buchanan Dan D. , Jenkins Mark A. , Phipps Amanda I. , Swallow Carol , LeMarchand Loic , Gallinger Steven , Grant Robert C. , Pai Reetesh K. , Sinicrope Stephen N. , Yan Dongyao , Shanmugam Kandavel , Conner James , Cyr David P. , Kirsch Richard , Banerjee Imon , Alberts Steve R. , Shi Qian , Pai Rish K.
Published: May 2024

Multivariable models for the prediction of TTR by morphologic features and clinicopathological variables in the validation cohort [p-MMR (n = 1,094) or d-MMR (n = 176) stage III colon cancers]
TABLE 1 from Use of Deep Learning to Evaluate Tumor Microenvironmental Features for Prediction of Colon Cancer Recurrence
Authors: Sinicrope Frank A. , Nelson Garth D. , Saberzadeh-Ardestani Bahar , Segovia Diana I. , Graham Rondell P. , Wu Christina , Hagen Catherine E. , Shivji Sameer , Savage Paul , Buchanan Dan D. , Jenkins Mark A. , Phipps Amanda I. , Swallow Carol , LeMarchand Loic , Gallinger Steven , Grant Robert C. , Pai Reetesh K. , Sinicrope Stephen N. , Yan Dongyao , Shanmugam Kandavel , Conner James , Cyr David P. , Kirsch Richard , Banerjee Imon , Alberts Steve R. , Shi Qian , Pai Rish K.
Published: May 2024

DL-derived tumor morphologic features by DNA MMR status
Legislative Responses to Cyberbullying in the UAE: An Examination of the Effectiveness of Two Federal Decrees
Authors: Maghaireh Alaeldin Mansour
Published: May 2024

This article examines the phenomenon of cyberbullying from a legal perspective, focusing on the United Arab Emirates (‘UAE’). The increased use of technology in daily life has led to a rise in cybercrime, including cyberbullying. Children are frequent users of the cyber-world, and cyberbullying has become a significant issue that can have severe physical and psychological impacts. This paper aims to explore cyberbullying in the UAE and analyse the relevant provisions of two laws: the Federal Decree Law No. 34 of 2021 on Combating Rumours and Cybercrime and the Federal Decree Law No. 3 of 2016 on Child Rights. Specifically, the paper addresses two questions: whether the concept of cyberbullying is distinct from that of physical bullying, and, more importantly, whether existing UAE laws are sufficient to address cyberbullying. The paper concludes by highlighting the urgent need for the UAE to revise some provisions to tackle cyberbullying and protect users, especially children.
Applying geometric morphometrics in megalopa larval stages: relevance for species distribution and biological invasion studies
Authors: Díaz-Cruz Jonah , Fatira Effrosyni , Tuset Víctor M. , Rodríguez Adriana , Landeira José M.
Published: May 2024

Larval morphology in brachyuran crabs is an essential trait defining survival in the planktonic environment. The present study describes the morphology (carapace and chelipeds) of megalopa larvae in three different species (Percnon gibbesi, Cronius ruber, and Achelous hastatus) using geometric morphometric analysis (gma). The study aim was to compare the observed body patterns at interspecific and intraspecific levels. The results showed a marked interspecific distinction of C. ruber larvae based on the rostral region of carapace and cheliped length. We relate these differences to advantages in life performance, as in other animal models, suggesting that larval morphology can be another factor contributing to the invasiveness of C. ruber. At intraspecific level, we found a high morphological similarity between two distant geographical locations, indicating strong genetic connectivity in the populations of P. gibbesi from the Canary Islands. Our findings advance the importance of larval morphology for species performance during the plankton phase that eventually can determine invasiveness in brachyuran crabs. We suggest future studies focusing on the inter-population comparisons of megalopa morphology at larger spatiotemporal scales.
An Encounter Between Engaged Pure-Land Buddhism and the Dialogical Philosophy of Martin Buber
Authors: Margulies Hune
Published: May 2024

Engaged Buddhism emphasizes the translation of dharma teachings into social engagement. A proper understanding of Buddhadharma rejects the duality between the realm of the individual and the realm of the social. Therefore, a dharma that does not create a dharmic society will not create dharmic individuals. Martin Buber (1878–1965) was one of the most important and consequential philosophers of 20th-century spiritual thought. The Dialogical philosophy of Martin Buber represents a creative confluence between Western Humanism and some aspects of Zen Buddhism. Buber translated and studied Taoist texts and “oriental” wisdom systems, such as Buddhism and Hinduism. This article argues that Buber’s concept of “God as the between of I and Thou” can be posed in Buddhist terms as “Buddha is the between of I and Thou.” This primordial social spirituality resembles in many respects the teachings of engaged Buddhism, particularly the Pure Land teachings of Master Sheng Yen.
Treatment of vascular leg ulcers with leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF): A systematic review
Authors: Barzegar Amin Amirali , Dorpmans Dries , Mufty Hozan , Fourneau Inge
Published: May 2024

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy of Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) for the treatment of vascular leg ulcers. Method: Following PRISMA guidelines, a literature search was done for studies where L-PRF was used to treat vascular leg ulcers. Results: Among six included articles, a total of 76 venous leg ulcers were treated with L-PRF. None of the studies included ulcers of arterial or lymphatic origin. Fifty-seven (75.0%) of the venous ulcers completely healed at end of follow-up. Mean time to complete healing was 6.7 weeks (SD = 5.0). All non-healed ulcers showed an important reduction in wound area. No adverse effects related to L-PRF therapy were reported. Conclusions: The results suggest that L-PRF could be a safe, simple to use and effective therapeutic option for the treatment of venous leg ulcers, however, caution is advised as the results are based on small sample sizes.
The Effect of Psoralea corylifolia (Babchi) on Neuronal Apoptosis Induced by Palmitate in PC12 Cells and its Role in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review
Authors: Ranjan Sachin , Kushwaha Nidhi Singh , Trivedi Shalini , Tiwari Neha , Khan Salman
Published: May 2024

Psoralea corylifolia (PC) seed extract (PCE) has been extensively utilized as an herbal drug due to its favorable effects on human health. It’s extracts and active components have demonstrated a variety of biological actions including estrogenic, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-depressant, anti-inflammatory and anti-ageing properties. A study of this medicinal herb has major constituents extracted using different plant parts has been depicted and among them, Bakuchiol has the highest ethyl acetate extract content. The mechanism behind PCE’s anti-lipotoxic activity against palmitate (PA)-induced lipotoxicity in PC12 cells was examined. CE therapy not only raised the quantities of mRNA for antioxidant genes such as heme-oxygenase and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 but also lowered the production of reactive oxygen species caused by PA. Prenylflavonoids play a unique role in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and can be used as a nootropic agent. This article comprehensively enumerated the literature on the anti-apoptotic effects of PC and its potential pathogenesis in AD.
Development Paths in a Settler Society: The Challenges of the Communist Movement in Brazil
Authors: Gissoni Luccas , Pires Paulo Roberto de Macedo Soares Oliveira , Carvalheira Leonardo Griz
Published: May 2024

This article addresses the challenges faced by the Communist movement in Brazil by revisiting the contradictions inherited from a colonial mode of accumulation. This was originally a class system based on slavery and composed of the metropolitan colonizer, the settler, and the colonized class. After independence in 1822, which entailed a settler rebellion against the metropolitan colonizer and the continuing exploitation of the colonized, the settlers reproduced the colonial mode of accumulation internally and oversaw the transition to a capitalist mode of production. An interclass, bourgeois–labor alliance occurred in the mid-twentieth century but was limited to the ranks of the settlers and underpinned by the myth of “racial democracy.” It included a degree of confrontation with imperialism coupled with industrial development but reproduced the colonial mode of accumulation internally. This article sheds light on the contradictions that followed, including the military regime installed in 1964 and the neo-colonial transition in the 1990s, under finance capital. In light of the bourgeoisie’s shifting alliances at the expense of the sovereign aspirations of the working people, an interclass alliance has become impossible. Only a truly popular political project is capable of liberating the nation and that is the only one the Communists should espouse.
Low frequency of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells predicts poor survival in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Le Floch Anne-Charlotte , Orlanducci Florence , Béné Marie-Christine , Ben Amara Amira , Rouviere Marie-Sarah , Salem Nassim , Le Roy Aude , Cordier Charlotte , Demerlé Clémence , Granjeaud Samuel , Hamel Jean-François , Ifrah Norbert , Cornillet-Lefebvre Pascale , Delaunay Jacques , Récher Christian , Delabesse Eric , Pigneux Arnaud , Vey Norbert , Chretien Anne-Sophie , Olive Daniel
Published: May 2024

In several tumor subtypes, an increased infiltration of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells has been shown to have the highest prognostic value compared with other immune subsets. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), similar findings have been based solely on the inference of transcriptomic data and have not been assessed with respect to confounding factors. This study aimed at determining, by immunophenotypic analysis (flow or mass cytometry) of peripheral blood from patients with AML at diagnosis, the prognostic impact of Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell frequency. This was adjusted for potential confounders (age at diagnosis, disease status, European LeukemiaNet classification, leukocytosis, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as a time-dependent covariate). The cohort was composed of 198 patients with newly diagnosed (ND) AML. By univariate analysis, patients with lower Vγ9Vδ2 T cells at diagnosis had significantly lower 5-year overall and relapse-free survivals. These results were confirmed in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR], 1.55 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04-2.30]; P = .030 and HR, 1.64 [95% CI, 1.06-2.53]; P = .025). Immunophenotypic alterations observed in patients with lower Vγ9Vδ2 T cells included a loss of some cytotoxic Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell subsets and a decreased expression of butyrophilin 3A on the surface of blasts. Samples expanded regardless of their Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell levels and displayed similar effector functions in vitro. This study confirms the prognostic value of elevated Vγ9Vδ2 T cells among lymphocytes in patients with ND AML. These results provide a strong rationale to consider consolidation protocols aiming at enhancing Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell responses.
Combined full-length transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying nutrients and taste components development in Primulina juliae
Authors: Zhang Yi , Yang Endian , Liu Qin , Zhang Jie , Feng Chen
Published: May 2024

Background

Primulina juliae has recently emerged as a novel functional vegetable, boasting a significant biomass and high calcium content. Various breeding strategies have been employed to the domestication of P. juliae. However, the absence of genome and transcriptome information has hindered the research of mechanisms governing the taste and nutrients in this plant. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis, combining the full-length transcriptomics and metabolomics, to unveil the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of nutrients and taste components in P. juliae.

Results

We obtain a high-quality reference transcriptome of P. juliae by combing the PacBio Iso-seq and Illumina sequencing technologies. A total of 58,536 cluster consensus sequences were obtained, including 28,168 complete protein coding transcripts and 8,021 Long Non-coding RNAs. Significant differences were observed in the composition and content of compounds related to nutrients and taste, particularly flavonoids, during the leaf development. Our results showed a decrease in the content of most flavonoids as leaves develop. Malate and succinate accumulated with leaf development, while some sugar metabolites were decreased. Furthermore, we identified the different accumulation of amino acids and fatty acids, which are associated with taste traits. Moreover, our transcriptomic analysis provided a molecular basis for understanding the metabolic variations during leaf development. We identified 4,689 differentially expressed genes in the two developmental stages, and through a comprehensive transcriptome and metabolome analysis, we discovered the key structure genes and transcription factors involved in the pathways.

Conclusions

This study provides a high-quality reference transcriptome and reveals molecular mechanisms associated with the development of nutrients and taste components in P. juliae. These findings will enhance our understanding of the breeding and utilization of P. juliae as a vegetable.
Practice pathways, education, and regulation influencing nurse practitioners’ decision to provide primary care: a rapid scoping review
Authors: Elvidge Norah , Hobbs Megan , Fox Amanda , Currie Jane , Williams Suzanne , Theobald Karen , Rolfe Melanie , Marshall Claire , Phillips Jane L.
Published: May 2024

Background/Objective

Initially established to improve access to healthcare, particularly for primary care, the full potential of the nurse practitioner role is yet to be realised in most countries. Despite this, most countries are working to meet an ageing population’s increasing healthcare needs and reduce healthcare costs and access disparities. Achieving these outcomes requires reform at multiple levels, including nurse practitioner practice pathways, education and regulation, and identifying the barriers and facilitators to optimising their primary care role.

Methods

A rapid scoping review of nurse practitioner practice pathways, education and regulation inclusive of: (1) a systematic search of Medline and CINAHL for peer-reviewed English language articles, including opinion pieces published between January 2015 and February 2022; and (2) a web-based search of nurse practitioner program entry requirements of International Nurse Regulator Collaborative country members with a protected nurse practitioner title and prescribing rights, plus the Netherlands. The individually summarised search data was integrated and synthesised using Popay’s narrative approach.

Results

Emerging evidence from the included nurse practitioner courses (n = 86) and articles (n = 79) suggests nurse practitioners working in primary care provide safe, effective care and improve healthcare efficiencies. However, different regulatory and educational models are required if the primary care nurse practitioner is to meet growing demand.

Conclusions

International variations in entry criteria, curriculum, and regulation shape the global profile of the nurse practitioner primary care workforce and their practice setting. For countries to grow their primary care nurse practitioner workforce to meet unmet needs, different entry requirements, program content and accredited post-registration transitional programs must be urgently considered.
Modeling mortality prediction in older adults with dementia receiving COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Radomyslsky Zorian , Kivity Sara , Alon Yaniv , Saban Mor
Published: May 2024

Objective

This study compared COVID-19 outcomes between vaccinated and unvaccinated older adults with and without cognitive impairment.

Method

Electronic health records from Israel from March 2020-February 2022 were analyzed for a large cohort (N = 85,288) aged 65 + . Machine learning constructed models to predict mortality risk from patient factors. Outcomes examined were COVID-19 mortality and hospitalization post-vaccination.

Results

Our study highlights the significant reduction in mortality risk among older adults with cognitive disorders following COVID-19 vaccination, showcasing a survival rate improvement to 93%. Utilizing machine learning for mortality prediction, we found the XGBoost model, enhanced with inverse probability of treatment weighting, to be the most effective, achieving an AUC-PR value of 0.89. This underscores the importance of predictive analytics in identifying high-risk individuals, emphasizing the critical role of vaccination in mitigating mortality and supporting targeted healthcare interventions.

Conclusions

COVID-19 vaccination strongly reduced poor outcomes in older adults with cognitive impairment. Predictive analytics can help identify highest-risk cases requiring targeted interventions.
A deep learning-based radiomics model for predicting lymph node status from lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xie Hui , Song Chaoling , Jian Lei , Guo Yeang , Li Mei , Luo Jiang , Li Qing , Tan Tao
Published: May 2024

Objectives

At present, there are many limitations in the evaluation of lymph node metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. Currently, there is a demand for a safe and accurate method to predict lymph node metastasis of lung cancer. In this study, radiomics was used to accurately predict the lymph node status of lung adenocarcinoma patients based on contrast-enhanced CT.

Methods

A total of 503 cases that fulfilled the analysis requirements were gathered from two distinct hospitals. Among these, 287 patients exhibited lymph node metastasis (LNM +) while 216 patients were confirmed to be without lymph node metastasis (LNM-). Using both traditional and deep learning methods, 22,318 features were extracted from the segmented images of each patient's enhanced CT. Then, the spearman test and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were used to effectively reduce the dimension of the feature data, enabling us to focus on the most pertinent features and enhance the overall analysis. Finally, the classification model of lung adenocarcinoma lymph node metastasis was constructed by machine learning algorithm. The Accuracy, AUC, Specificity, Precision, Recall and F1 were used to evaluate the efficiency of the model.

Results

By incorporating a comprehensively selected set of features, the extreme gradient boosting method (XGBoost) effectively distinguished the status of lymph nodes in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The Accuracy, AUC, Specificity, Precision, Recall and F1 of the prediction model performance on the external test set were 0.765, 0.845, 0.705, 0.784, 0.811 and 0.797, respectively. Moreover, the decision curve analysis, calibration curve and confusion matrix of the model on the external test set all indicated the stability and accuracy of the model.

Conclusions

Leveraging enhanced CT images, our study introduces a noninvasive classification prediction model based on the extreme gradient boosting method. This approach exhibits remarkable precision in identifying the lymph node status of lung adenocarcinoma patients, offering a safe and accurate alternative to invasive procedures. By providing clinicians with a reliable tool for diagnosing and assessing disease progression, our method holds the potential to significantly improve patient outcomes and enhance the overall quality of clinical practice.
Gender differences in risk factors for ischemic stroke: a longitudinal cohort study in East China
Authors: Bai Xinping , Li Zifeng , Cai Zhuo , Yao Mingren , Chen Lin , Wang Youmeng
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Epidemiological studies of stroke and its risk factors can help develop strategies to prevent stroke. We aimed to explore the current gender-specific prevalence of stroke and associated risk factors.

Methods

Data were collected using a structured precoded questionnaire designed by the Stroke Screening and Prevention Programme of the National Health and Wellness Commission Stroke Prevention and Control Project Committee, between June 2020 and November 2021. A total of 7394 residents took part in the study, 187 of whom had a stroke. The baseline information of each participant was obtained and included in this study. The chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to examine the relationship between these indicators and stroke, and then multivariate logistic regression was used to construct the prediction scale between different genders.

Results

of 7394 participants,4571 (61.82%) were female. The overall prevalence of stroke patients in the study population was 2.53%, Multivariate analysis found that residence status (OR = 0.43, p = 0.002) 、HCY (OR = 0.962, p = 0.000)、Previous TIA (OR = 0.200, p = 0.002) 、Hypertension (OR = 0.33, p = 0.000) and Dyslipidemia (OR = 0.668, p = 0.028) were significant predictors of stroke. there are gender differences in the traditional risk factors for stroke, and women have more risk factors. ROC analysis confirmed the accuracy of the stroke risk model, and the AUC of the stroke risk model for the general population was 0.79 with p < 0.05. In the gender model, the female AUC was 0.796 (p < 0.05). and the male AUC was 0.786 with p < 0.05.

Conclusion

The prevalence of stroke in adults aged 40 years and above is high in eastern China were high. management of risk factors can effectively prevent the occurrence of most strokes. more attention should be paid to gender differences associated with stroke.
QTc prolongation after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage might be associated with worse neurologic outcome in patients receiving microsurgical clipping or embolization of the intracranial aneurysms: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Zhang Xinmin , Lei Yang , Nan Ling , Dong Su , Liu Yadong , Yu Jinlu , Xu Kan , Hou Kun , Ma Haichun
Published: May 2024

Purpose

QT interval prolongation is one of the most common electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Whether corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation is associated with perioperative cardiac events and dismal neurological outcome in mid to long-term follow-up in patients after aSAH is insufficiently studied and remains controversial.

Methods

We retrospectively studied the adult (≥ 18 years) patients admitted to our institution between Jan 2018 and Dec 2020 for aSAH who underwent intracranial aneurysm clipping or embolization. The patients were divided into 2 groups (normal and QTc prolongation groups) according to their QTc. To minimize the confounding bias, a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to compare the neurologic outcomes between patients with normal QTc and QTc prolongation.

Results

After screening, 908 patients were finally included. The patients were divided into 2 groups: normal QTc groups (n = 714) and long QTc group (n = 194). Female sex, hypokalemia, posterior circulation aneurysm, and higher Hunt-Hess grade were associated with QTc prolongation. In multiple regression analysis, older age, higher hemoglobin level, posterior circulation aneurysm, and higher Hunt-Hess grade were identified to be associated with worse outcome during 1-year follow-up. Before PSM, patients with QTc prolongation had higher rate of perioperative cardiac arrest or ventricular arrhythmias. After PSM, there was no statistical difference between normal and QTc prolongation groups in perioperative cardiac events. However, patients in the QTc prolongation group still had worse neurologic outcome during 1-year follow-up.

Conclusions

QTc prolongation is associated with worse outcome in patients following SAH, which is independent of perioperative cardiac events.
Maternal and neonatal outcome in pregnant women undergone induction of labor at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Jaiswal Shweta , Kyejo Willbroad , Kilewo Charles
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Labor induction is a common obstetric intervention aimed at initiating labor when spontaneous onset is delayed or deemed necessary for maternal or fetal well-being. Despite its widespread use, the practice’s impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes remains a subject of ongoing research and debate. This study aims to evaluate the maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with labor induction in a tertiary hospital setting in Tanzania.

Methodology

A descriptive analytical cross-sectional study was conducted over a seven-month period from January 2021 to July 2021 at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A total of 120 pregnant women who underwent labor induction during this period were included in the analysis. Data on maternal demographics, obstetric characteristics, indications for induction, methods of induction, labor outcomes, and neonatal outcomes were collected from medical records and analyzed descriptively.

Results

Among 4773 deliveries during the study period, 120 women underwent labor induction, accounting for 120 (2.5%) of all deliveries. The most common indications for induction were postdate pregnancy 60 (50%), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy 38 (31.7%), and premature rupture of membranes 22 (17.5%). The majority of induced women 74 (61.7%) delivered vaginally, with 46 (38.3%) undergoing cesarean section. Maternal complications were minimal, with the most common being failed induction of labor 17 (14.2%). Neonatal outcomes were generally positive, with 120 (100%) of neonates having Apgar scores of 7 or higher at five minutes, although 10 (8.3%) required admission to the neonatal ward for further care.

Conclusion

Labor induction at Muhimbili National Hospital demonstrated favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes, with low rates of maternal complications and positive neonatal Apgar scores. Postdate pregnancy emerged as the most common indication for induction. While the study highlights the benefits of labor induction, its retrospective nature and single-center setting limit the generalizability of findings. Prospective studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate these findings and inform evidence-based obstetric practices.
Prognostic value of 17-Gene genomic prostate score in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Cui Feilun , Tang Xuan , Man Changfeng , Fan Yu
Published: May 2024

Background

The 17-gene Genomic Prostate Score (GPS) test has been clinically employed to predict adverse prognosis in prostate cancer. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the 17-gene GPS in patients with prostate cancer.

Methods

Potentially relevant studies were obtained by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Embase databases from their inception to December 1, 2023. Studies were considered eligible if they evaluated the association of the 17-gene GPS with distant metastases, biochemical recurrence, or prostate cancer–specific mortality (PCSM) in prostate cancer patients. To estimate the prognostic value, we pooled the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the high versus low GPS group or per 20-unit increase in GPS.

Results

Seven cohort studies that reported on 8 articles comprising 1,962 patients satisfied the eligibility criteria. Meta-analysis showed that per 20-unit increase in GPS was significantly associated with distant metastases (HR 2.99; 95% CI 1.97–4.53), biochemical recurrence (HR 2.18; 95% CI 1.64–2.89), and PCSM (HR 3.14; 95% CI 1.86–5.30). Moreover, patients with high GPS (> 40 points) had an increased risk of distant metastases (HR 5.22; 95% CI 3.72–7.31), biochemical recurrence (HR 4.41; 95% CI 2.29–8.49), and PCSM (HR 3.81; 95% CI 1.74–8.33) than those with low GPS (≤ 40 points).

Conclusions

A higher 17-gene GPS significantly predicts distant metastases, biochemical recurrence, and PCSM in men with clinically localized prostate cancer. However, large-scale multicenter prospective studies are necessary to further validate these findings.