bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using a pharmacist-led educational tool to teach elementary and middle-school students in Lebanon about microbes, antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance: A pilot study
Authors: Iskandar Katia , Makhoul Elise , Haddad Chadia , Hammoudi Dalal , EL Khatib Sara , Jomha Ismail A , Khanafer Nagham , Van Dungen Maarten , Salameh Pascale
Published: January 2023

Background: Teaching school students about antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) can shape their future behaviour to become antibiotic guardians. This study aims to assess the impact of a pharmacist-led educational tool in boosting knowledge of these topics at elementary and middle school educational stages.
Methods: A prospective web-based cross-sectional pre-post study was conducted in Lebanese private schools from April 2020 to December 2021.
Results: The results showed that the pharmacist-led intervention increased the general knowledge (p = 0.01) and understanding of microbes (junior versus senior, p = 0.003 versus p = 0.004). In middle school, the spread of infection (p < 0.001) and the AMR concept (p = 0.001) significantly changed post-test, while antibiotics use and AMR concept remained unchanged in elementary students.
Conclusion: The successful learning impact of the educational tool designed and led by pharmacists shows their importance as antibiotic experts in influencing early pedagogic learning about antibiotics and AMR starting at the middle-school stage.
Impact of a case-based activity on student pharmacists' confidence in contraceptive prescribing at a school of pharmacy in the United States
Authors: Deas Crystal , Beall Jennifer
Published: January 2023

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a case-based activity on student confidence in selecting an appropriate contraceptive product while considering state-specific rules and regulations regarding pharmacist-prescribed contraception in the United States.
Methods: A pre- and post-activity survey was utilised to evaluate change in confidence.
Results: Of 119 third-year students, 104 completed the pre- and post-survey (87.3% response rate). Among the respondents, 93%-96% reported they were fairly confident or very confident with post-activity survey items regarding confidence in interpreting and utilising state-specific guidance and prescribing algorithms to apply to a given a patient case scenario, as compared to 18-38% in the pre-activity survey (p<0.001 for all items). Additionally, mean scores to Likert scale items increased close to two steps on the scale toward higher levels of confidence after this activity.
Conclusion: A case-based activity was effective in improving students’ self-reported confidence in fundamental skills necessary for competence in pharmacist-prescribed contraception.
Attitudes of pharmacy graduates at the early career stage: A pilot survey at a private university in Japan
Authors: Nakagomi Keiichi , Hayashi Yukikazu
Published: January 2023

Background: Pharmacy graduates’ attitudes toward their work at the early career stage, their career status, job satisfaction, and future plans have not been surveyed in Japan.
Methods: Postcards were sent to 514 pharmacy graduates from a University in Tokyo, Japan, asking graduates to answer an online cross-sectional questionnaire.
Results: Of the 86 respondents, 15% changed their jobs within three years, and the number of pharmacists working in the “community pharmacy” sector notably increased. Respondents working in non-pharmacy sectors were more satisfied with their jobs than those in the pharmacy sector. Furthermore, job satisfaction impacted the respondents’ future work plans, and the distribution of job satisfaction varied by current career sectors.
Conclusion: In response to the global social and economic situations, pharmacy education should consider various fields and skills. Career guidance should be incorporated into the pharmacy curriculum. Further studies on this case are required worldwide to prepare pharmacists for their future roles.
Contribution of Rural Electrification in Improving People’s Livelihood in Tanzania: A Case of Mpanda District, Tanzania
Authors: Paul Diyammi Mark , Damas Mkude Evarist
Published: January 2023

The study sought to establish the contribution of rural electrification in improving people’s livelihood in Mpanda District, Tanzania using the descriptive design. Convenient sampling technique was used to select 158 heads of households with electricity in five remotely located wards. Data collection instruments included questionnaire, Focus Group Discussion and Interview Schedule. Validity was ensured through accurate construction of research instruments and the use of multiple instruments helped to increase the reliability of the study findings. Data was analyzed through descriptive statistics and the content analysis approach. The study concludes that electrification supported such economic activities as shops and kiosks, groceries, restaurants and hair cutting and beauty salons. Furthermore, it improved domestic activities like lighting, charging phones and listening to radio. It made life easier and more pleasurable by allowing businesses and kiosks to function even during the night hours. Electricity supported children's education by allowing them to study at night. It also expanded knowledge of people through watching television channels and movies. Finally, rural electrification enabled villagers to receive health services closer to their homes and at a lower cost. The study recommended that government authorities should supply electricity in rural areas in order to increase the use of the service for economic and domestic activities which will enhance the economic status of the rural area people.
Influence of Social Networks on Students' Choice of a University: A Case of St Augustine University of Tanzania
Authors: Sojo Christopher , Jotta Sylvester , Manjale Ngussa Baraka
Published: January 2023

The main objective of this study was to establish the influence of social networks on students’ choice of a university using the descriptive research design. Simple random sampling method was used to select 138 out of 1553 potential respondents to fill the questionnaire. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics in terms of frequencies and percentages through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. This study established that majority of students used the social media platform in getting information regarding their current university. Instagram was found to be the mostly preferred social media site to provide information about the university. The study recommends that universities should develop and make use of social media platforms which work better in attracting potential students to join so as to increase the number of students. Top management teams should support the use of identified social media platforms in attracting potential students to join. Finally, universities should identify potential students and ask them to recommend their friends to choose the same university.
Performance of Ceramic Students with Different Backgrounds at Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in Ghana
Authors: Nortey Samuel , Amoanyi Robert , Eyram Donkor Emmanuel , Manjale Ngussa Baraka
Published: January 2023

This study assessed the performance of ceramic students with different backgrounds at Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in Kumasi, Ghana, using the cross-sectional design. A total of 170 students were sampled using a simple random sampling technique. A questionnaire yielded the Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.89 which confirmed the required reliability of the instrument. Data was treated using t-test and ANOVA so as to establish the difference in performance by learners categorized according to their backgrounds. The study established no significant difference in performance between students with arts and those without arts background in SHS. The study did not establish difference in performance by students categorized according to their genders. The performance of second year students was significantly lower than that of the first and third and fourth years combined. This might be due to the fact that second years curriculum is the beginning of studio practice where students struggle to learn how to throw on the potter’s wheel and begin producing arts works. The study recommends that SHS teachers should enhance the teaching strategies of arts studies at the SHS level so that students who went through the studies might even outperform those who did not take the subject at the SHS level. Students in second year of studies need more attention as they navigate their path in the manipulation of clay for them to perform better in their studies before they join the two final years of ceramic studies.
Practices of Promoting Professional Identities of Female English Teachers through Professional Organizations
Authors: Kadel Purna Bahadur
Published: January 2023

This study is an attempt to explore the existing practices in promoting the professional identities of female English teachers through professional organizations. Nine female English teachers were selected as a sample using a purposive non-random sampling procedure from Kathmandu district. This is a narrative inquiry research design in which I used in-depth interview as a tool to collect the required data to address the research objectives of this study. Using interpretive research paradigm, I analyzed and interpreted the data of the study. This study was conducted to find out the actual practices of female English teachers in promoting their professional identities through professional organizations. The findings of this study show that participation in ELT conference for professional identity, conducting action research for professional identities, use of resources for promoting professional identities, use of ICT embedded ELT skills for professional identities, and use of reflective practices in classroom for professional identities were the main practices in developing the professional identities of female English teachers. More importantly, professional organizations became remarkable platforms to promote the professional identities of female English teachers. This study would be a blueprint for all female English teachers to develop their professional identities.
Just an Itch?
Authors: Jost Marion
Published: January 2023

A 46-year-old male patient came to our outpatient clinic in 2019 with nodules on the whole body, which first developed three years ago. He complained about severe pruritus (Fig. 1).

His medical history included Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia. The only systemic medication he took was Trihexyphenidyl, an anticholinergic drug.

For topical treatment, he used different ointments with glucocorticosteroids. Skin examination revealed erythematous, hyperkeratotic plaques and nodules on the whole body with accentuation on the limbs. Genitals and mucous membranes were free.

Histopathology proved the diagnosis of nodular prurigo. Differential diagnoses included lichen planus verrucosus and multiple eruptive keratoacanthomas.

The patient received intravenous Naloxone twice for two to three days. Psychiatric therapy was recommended. Unfortunately, the patient didn’t present himself to our clinic again. Other therapy options are intraleasional triamcinolone, PUVA, ciclosporin, thalidomide, pregabalin or dupilumab.
The Comorbidity of Alzheimer’s Disease and Bipolar Disorder and the Potential of Lithium as Drug Therapy
Authors: Gallicchio Vincent S
Published: January 2023

Bipolar disorder is characterized by having pathological fluctuations in mood and energy that result in severe psychological issues and an increased risk of suicide. More than 4% of the adult population is affected by this disorder and as a result is at a higher risk of developing certain neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s disease affects more than 6.2 million Americans over the age of 65 and is currently the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. There is currently no approved therapeutic approach to treat Alzheimer’s disease, however, the comorbidity of bipolar and Alzheimer’s disease has encouraged the investigation of lithium as a possible method of treatment. Lithium has been used to treat bipolar disorder for years and has recently been shown to increase gray matter density in the brain as well as encourage stem cell proliferation in areas where cell dysfunction and death have occurred. Research has shown chronic lithium usage can decrease the rate that dementia develops in high-risk individuals, such as individuals with bipolar disorder.
Gastrointestinal Bleeding on Anticoagulant Therapy: Comparison of Patients Receiving Vitamin K Antagonists and Non-Vitamin K Oral Antagonists
Authors: Fedidat Raphael
Published: January 2023

Objectives: Prior studies comparing Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in patients receiving Vitamin-K Antagonists (VKA) and Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants (NOAC) focused on the crude rate of GI bleeding and less on severity of such events. The aim of our study was to assess characteristics of GI bleeding in patients on VKA therapy versus NOAC therapy.

Methods: Retrospective data was collected from patients hospitalized with GI bleeding at Hadassah University Medical Center between January 2010 and July 2017. Retrieved data included demographics, laboratory results, clinical outcomes and details regarding the bleeding characteristics, evaluation, treatment and hospitalization. Patients were divided into two groups – those receiving VKA and those receiving NOAC.

Results: 514 patients who presented with GI bleeding were included. 439 patients were on VKA treatment and 75 on NOAC treatment. Atrial fibrillation was the indication for anticoagulation in 64% of VKA patients and in 91% of NOAC patients. The mean HAS-BLED score was the same in VKA and NOAC patient groups. Major bleeding events were seen in 38.3% of VKA patients and 30.7% of NOAC patients and life-threatening bleeding was seen in 34.4% of VKA patients and 26.7% of NOAC (p<0.05). Packed red blood cell and fresh-frozen plasma transfusions were administered less in the NOAC patients as compared to the VKA patients. No statistically significant differences in length of hospitalization, re-bleeding, or mortality were seen between groups.

Conclusions: GI bleeding events on NOAC therapy are less severe and use fewer hospital resources as compared to those treated with VKA.
Impact of hydroxyurea on psychological health of beta thalassemia patients with moderating role of healthcare professionals’ performance
Authors: Sheikh Affaf , Bibi Munaza , Munzir Saima , Perveen Kousar , Shamsi Tahir. S.
Published: January 2023

Background: Beta –thalassemia (β- thalassemia) has more than 300 different mutations of beta globin gene. The complexity of its physical composition is caused by the imbalance ratio of β-globin which classified into blood transfusion- dependent (TDT) and non-transfusion dependent (NTDT). Modern treatment approaches considered for TDT patients is monthly transfusions to maintain hemoglobin (Hb) levels ranges between 9-10 g/dL. The objectives of this study are to seek out the impact of hydroxyurea (HU) on improving psychological health problems of Quality of Life (QoL), patients’ satisfaction with the use of HU and moderating role of healthcare professionals in satisfying the gap between the use of medicine in managing β- thalassemia disease in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional, non-probability study and purposive- judgment sampling was conducted after ethical approval. The World Health Organization (WHO) sample size calculator 2.0 was used to recruit TDT patients on HU therapy while visiting the outpatient (OPD) and daycare department of National Institute of Blood Diseases & Bone Marrow Transplantation (NIBD & BMT) hospital in Karachi. A well -structured electronic questionnaire as web form was used for data collection by using Likert scale, with a range of 1-5 and 1-7. The data was analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 and moderation process done by using Process Hayes for SPSS version 3.5.2. Results: We enrolled 290 patients. This study revealed that the impact of HU on improving the psychological health problems of β- thalassemia patients are not evident (r=0.078; p=0.185). Similarly, by inducing moderating role of healthcare professional performance, the impact of HU on psychological health problems were a weak positive non- significant with (r=0.050; p=0.397) correlation observed. Moreover, no significant improvement was observed in psychological health problems of QoL by moderating role of healthcare professional performance (p=0.0835 and 0.6764, respectively).

Conclusion: The psychological health problems in β- thalassemia patients are not dependent on HU therapy to have better QoL. In addition, the introduction of healthcare professionals' performance as a moderator does not improve the correlation between HU and psychological domain of QoL.
Household Characteristics and Higher Education Role in Creating Sustainable Development, In the Future
Authors: Ali Hina , Naseer Sohail Naseer
Published: January 2023

The present study has been designed to examine household characteristics and higher education's role in creating sustainable development in the future in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. It indicates the sustainability in education based upon core knowledge and scientific methods that are used to increase the interest of households toward economic growth. Household higher education for sustainable development (HESD) is a good method but it is affected by different social and economic factors. Primary data was collected from 200 respondents from urban households. Data on the household higher education was collected by the respondent by asking a series of questions. For data estimation ordered logistic regression was used. The final findings of our study concluded that age, income, and covidvacine19 have positive coefficients and which indicates a household's higher level of education has a positive impact on sustainable development for creating sustainability in the future, and household family size and landholding have a negative coefficient. Measuring sustainability and the economic progress of household characteristics through higher education is the best way and it indicates a good standard of household lifestyles. Proper policies should be implemented that increase the interest of the government to increase funding for educational institutions at the province level in creating sustainable development in the future in southern Punjab Pakistan.
The use of humic acids in the fight against Varroa destructor (Mesostigmata: Varroidae)
Authors: YILMAZ Raşit Fikret , DİZMAN Mümin
Published: January 2023

Humic acids, which are known for their use in agricultural areas and are very popular in this field, have the potential to be used for all living things. These acids are yellow to black in color and are a component of the humic substances found in the humus of the soil. They are fully decomposed remains of organic life and natural matters obtained as a result of the microbial degradation of plants. Humic acid refers to a complex mixture of many different organic acids soluble in alkaline solutions. These acids, we encounter in a different area every day, are important in the beekeeping sector, as well. Even though Türkiye has met all the requirements of the beekeeping sector in terms of both climate and wealth of flora, it is known that honeybees’ health and quality and production of honey have fallen below the targeted levels. The major factor behind the low level of production and failing to keep bee colonies’ health is that beekeepers insist on sticking to conventional methods. The nutrition and health of individuals in bee colonies directly affect the quality and amount of honey they make. For this reason, humic acids can be regarded as an alternative product in order to maintain their nutrition and health. In this review, the causes of Varroa destructor infestations, the applied control methods and the applicability of humic acids were examined.
First record of the genus Eviphis Berlese (Parasitiformes: Eviphididae) from Türkiye, with some notes on the eviphidid mites in Türkiye
Authors: ÖZBEK Hasan
Published: January 2023

Female specimens of Eviphis ostrinus (Koch) have been collected in litters, moss, lichen and soil from different provinces of Türkiye, which has been described as a new record of the Turkish acarofauna. The present study provides description, original drawings, and images of the Turkish specimens of E. ostrinus. Also, the recent status of the Turkish eviphidid mite fauna is considered here.
Two parasitic mite species on Phlebotominae sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from Türkiye: Biskratrombium persicum (Microtrombidiidae) and Eustigmaeus johnstoni (Stigmaeidae)
Authors: PEKAĞIRBAŞ Metin , KARAKUŞ Mehmet , YILMAZ Ayda , ERİŞÖZ KASAP Özge , SEVSAY Sevgi , ÖZBEL Yusuf , TÖZ Seray , DOĞAN Salih
Published: January 2023

Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are biological vectors for Leishmania species, which are health problems for humans and animals, bacteria such as Bartonella baciliformis, and various viruses belonging to the arboviruses such as Phlebovirus, the families Flaviviridae and Reoviridae. They are also known to be in contact with entomoparasites, such as various nematodes, mites and fungi. For a faunistic study, sand flies were collected by CDC light traps set up in various localities within the scope of two separate field studies carried out in Muğla and Adana provinces, Türkiye. During this study, two ectoparasitic mite species, Eustigmaeus johnstoni Zhang and Gerson on Phlebotomus tobbi Adler, Theodor and Lourie in Muğla province and Biskratrombium persicum Majidi, Hahiqanbar and Saboori (Microtrombidiidae) on Phlebotomus alexandri (Sinton, 1928) in Adana province, were observed from Türkiye. More detailed studies are needed since there are not enough studies about parasitic mites belonging to different families that can infest sand flies, their hosts, and the damage caused by these mites.
New records of water mite (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Torrenticolidae) species for the Turkish fauna
Authors: ÖZDİLEK Murat , ESEN Yunus
Published: January 2023

In this study, torrenticolid water mite specimens collected from Kulp district (Diyarbakır, Türkiye) between 2020-2021 years were evaluated. Totaly, 15 species are determined belonging to the family Torrenticolidae. Torrenticola (s.str.) laskai Di Sabatino, 2009, Torrenticola (Megapalpis) persica Pesic, 2004 and Monatractides (s.str.) persicus Pesic, 2004 are new records for the fauna of Türkiye. The male of Torrenticola (Megapalpis) persica has been described for the first time.
The first description of male of Raphignathus arcus Akyol (Acari: Raphignathidae) and a variation in the number of genital setae of its a female
Authors: AKYOL Mustafa
Published: January 2023

The male of Raphignathus arcus Akyol, 2021 is described and illustrated here for the first time. Female and male specimens of R. arcus are collected from soil and litter under Pinus brutia, P. pinea (Pinaceae), Pistacia terebinthus (Anacardiaceae) in Manisa, Balıkesir and İzmir provinces, Türkiye. Also, a variation in the number of setae on genital shields of an abnormal female is illustrated in this study.
Contributions to the Zerconidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) fauna of Dilek Peninsula-Büyük Menderes Delta National Park, Türkiye
Authors: URHAN Raşit , KARACA Mehmet
Published: January 2023

The mite fauna of the genus Zercon (Acari: Zerconidae) of Dilek Peninsula-Büyük Menderes Delta National Park, in western Türkiye was investigated and nine species were reported herein. Among them, Z. dilekensis sp. nov., was described and illustrated as a new species for science. A key to Zercon species found in the study area was provided. Additionally, the altitude and habitat preferences of the specimens were also given.
Gazeteci Burhan Sait’in Makedonya ve Kosova’da Türklük ve Millî Kimlik Konusundaki Mücadelesi ve Yazıları
Authors: GEZGİN Faruk
Published: January 2023

Öz
Burhan Sait, Tito dönemi Yugoslavya’sında, Türklerin basın-yayın, eğitim ve
vatandaşlıkla ilgili diğer hakları devlet garantisi altında korunduğu için ülkenin resmî
ideolojisi sosyalizme bağlı kalmıştır. 1990’lı yıllarda Yugoslavya parçalanmış, büyük etnik
grupların kontrolünde yeni bağımsız devletler oluşmaya başlamış ve bu yeni durum eski
döneme göre Türklerin haklarının kısıtlanmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Yeni dönemde
milliyetçi-Türkçü çizgide yer alan Burhan Sait; bütün yazı hayatını Makedonya ve
Kosova’daki Türklerin sorunlarına ve Balkan Türklüğünü ilgilendiren konulara adamıştır.
Burhan Sait, Türklerin sorunlarını yakından takip eden, mücadeleci, atak bir gazeteci
kimliği sergilemektedir. Bu konuda Kosova’da en önemli süreli Türkçe yayın olan Tan
gazetesinde ve kendisinin Üsküp’te çıkardığı Vardar dergisi ile devamı olan Vardar
gazetesinde büyük bir mücadele vermiştir. Bu çalışmada Balkan Türklüğünün önemli
aydınlarından Burhan Sait’in yine bölgenin en önemli süreli Türkçe yayınları arasında
yer alan Tan gazetesi ve Vardar dergisinde yer alan düşünce yazılarına odaklanılmıştır.
Yakın dönem Balkan Türk aydınlarının Türk kimliğiyle ilgili konulara yaklaşımı, örnek bir
yazar üzerinden yansıtılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Balkan Türk Edebiyatının Taşıyıcısı Olarak Balkan Türk Yazılı Basınının Rolü Üzerine
Authors: ALİOV Mumin
Published: January 2023

Öz
Türkçe, Balkanlarda varlığını konuşma ve yazı dili olarak devam ettirmektedir. Türkler
yaşadıkları bölgelerde kendi kültürlerini, edebiyatlarını dil ile aktararak yaşatmaktadırlar.
Balkanlardaki Türkler, ana dillerini siyasi ve sosyolojik iklimin sağladı imkânın dâhilinde
canlı tutmaktadırlar. Türkçeyle irtibatlarını eğitim müfredatı haricinde gazete ve
dergiler yoluyla devam ettirmektedirler. Balkan bölgesinde genellikle gazeteler ve
dergiler ülkelerin başkentleriyle Türklerin yoğun olarak bulunduğu yerleşim yerlerinde
yayımlanmış ve gelişim sağlamıştır. Ayrıca bu coğrafyada yaşayan insanlar merkezden
gelen iletişim kanalıyla yazılı basının sunduğu olanaklardan yararlanarak, birbirlerinden
haberdar olmaktadırlar. Yapılan çalışmanın konusu, Balkan Türk yazılı basınının Balkan
Türk Edebiyatı taşıyıcısı olma rolünü irdelemektir. Balkan Türk Edebiyatının seçkin Türkçe
yazılı basın temsilcileri olan Türkçem, Köprü, Fiyaka, Nöbettepe ve Bağ-lar dergileri,
belirlenen amaç doğrultusunda ele alınmıştır. Dergilerdeki içeriklerin özet analizleri
ve genel bir tanıtımı yapılmıştır. Her dergi bağımsız olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan
değerlendirmeler için her bir derginin son yayımlanan sayısını dikkate alınmıştır. Elde
edilen sonuçlarla Balkan Türk edebiyatının güncel durumu ve Türkçenin Balkanlardaki
temsili yansıtılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bununla beraber Тürk Edebiyatı ve dili üzerinden,
Balkan Türk medyasının mevcut durumu dolaylı olarak gösterilmektedir. Geleneksel
medya, edebiyatın bir taşıyıcısı ve aktarıcısı olmaya devam etmektedir. Yeni medya
formatları ve mecraları ise edebî eserlerin geçmişe nazaran daha geniş kesimlere
ulaşmasında önemli rol oynamaktadır.
Bulgaristan Türklerinin Yükseköğretim Kademelerinde Türkçe Eğitim-Öğretimi ve Türkiye’nin Bu Konuda İzlediği Politikalar
Authors: CANPOLAT Medine Derya , ALTAÇ Embiye
Published: January 2023

Öz
Bu çalışma, Bulgaristan Türklerinin milli benliklerini koruyup yaşatması ve Türkiye ile
soydaşlık bağlarını sürdürmesi bakımından önem taşıyan Türkçe eğitim-öğretimini konu
edinmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışma Bulgaristan’daki yükseköğretim kademelerinde
Türkçe eğitim-öğretiminin durumuna odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmanın temel amacı,
Türkiye’nin Bulgaristan’daki yükseköğretim kurumlarında Türkçe eğitim-öğretimi
konusunda izlediği politikaları Bulgaristan Türklerinin perspektifinden incelemek ve
ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerine
başvurularak görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş ve bu görüşmelerden birincil veri elde
edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, içerik analizine tabi tutulmuş, analiz sonucu elde
edilen kategori ve kodlar Rogers Brubaker’ın kazara diaspora teorisi çerçevesinde
yorumlanarak tartışılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında ulaşılan bulgular Türkiye’nin, özerk
kurum olmalarından dolayı Bulgaristan’da bulunan üniversitelerdeki Türkçe bölüm ve
programların işleyişine yönelik doğrudan politika geliştiremediğini göstermektedir.
Bununla birlikte çalışma bulguları, Türkiye’nin Yurtdışı Türkler ve Akraba Topluluklar
Başkanlığı ve Yunus Emre Enstitüsü gibi kurumlar vasıtasıyla gerek hizmet içi eğitim,
seminer ve yaz okulları düzenleyerek gerekse de okutman ve burs desteği sağlayarak
Bulgaristan Türklerinin yükseköğretim kurumlarında Türkçe eğitim-öğretimine destek
olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
Tufan Erhürman’ın “Yozlaşma” Romanında Üstkurmaca Tekniği
Authors: ŞEN Can
Published: January 2023

Öz
Tufan Erhürman (d. 1970), Kıbrıs Türk edebiyatının çağdaş yazarlarından birisidir.
Hukukçu, akademisyen ve siyasetçi kimliklerinin yanı sıra 2000’li yıllarda Yüzleşme,
Yozlaşma ve Yazışma adlı üç roman yayımlamıştır. Bu romanlarda 1990 sonrasında
Kıbrıs Türk romanında görülmeye başlanan postmodern yönelim belirgindir. Kadınerkek ilişkilerinin merkezde olduğu romanlarında Erhürman; Kıbrıs meselesi, Kıbrıs
Türk siyaset kurumu, Kıbrıs Türklerinin toplumsal sorunları gibi sosyal temaları da
işlemiştir. Romanlarında otobiyografik unsurlara da yer veren Tufan Erhürman,
makalemizde ele alacağımız ikinci romanı Yozlaşma’da postmodern bir anlatım tekniği
olan “üstkurmaca”dan yararlanmıştır. Böylece romanın yazılış sürecini ve yazarın bu
süreç içerisindeki üretme sancılarını da esere taşımıştır. Romanın belli yerlerinde bu
şekilde edebî üretim sürecine değinilmesi bir bakıma eserin kurgusallığını / bir sanat
eseri oluşunu vurguladığı için okuyucunun gerçeklik algısına etki etmektedir. Yazar bu
şekilde eserinde hem yazma sürecini romanın konusu hâline getirme imkânı bulmuş
hem de gerçeklik algısı üzerinde bir belirsizlik oluşturarak romanın postmodern yönünü
güçlendirmiştir. Çalışmamızda bu bağlamda yazarın Yozlaşma’da üstkurmaca tekniğini
nasıl kullandığını irdeleyeceğiz.
Bulgaristan Türk Edebiyatında Gazeteci Kökenli Bir Hikâye Yazarı: Muharrem Tahsin (1929-2007)
Authors: MEVSİM Hüseyin
Published: January 2023

Öz
Yaklaşık 150 yıllık tarihî geçmişe sahip olan Bulgaristan Türk edebiyatı üç başlıca döneme ayrılarak incelenmektedir. Muharrem Tahsin’in yaratıcılığı, İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan günümüze kadar olan zamansal
dilimi kapsayan ikinci ve üçüncü döneme konumlanmaktadır. Yazar, 1950’lerin sonundan itibaren 40 yıl
boyunca Sofya’da Türkçe yayımlanan resmî Halk Gençliği ve Yeni Işık gibi gazetelerde görev almış, şiir
türünün daha yaygın olduğu Bulgaristan Türk edebiyatında hikâye alanında çığır açmıştır. İşbu çalışmada,
Muharrem Tahsin’in yaratıcılığı Demirperde’nin kalktığı 1989 yılı esas alınma yoluyla iki döneme ayrılarak
ele alınmıştır. Konularını gündelik hayatın içinden devşiren hikâyecinin sıradan ve kendi hâlinde insanlar
olan kahramanlarında herhangi bir olağanüstülük, bir sıra dışılık sezilmemektedir. Adeta aşkla bağlı oldukları mesleğinde alın teriyle ekmeğini kazanan, mutluluğu ve huzuru ailede, sevgide, dost ortamında,
kendi içinde, duygu ve düşünce yüklü dünyalarında arayan bu kahramanların neredeyse hepsinin Türk
asıllı olduğu görülmektedir. Yazar, kahramanlarının derdine ve neşesine, kahrına ve sevincine ortak olmaktadır. Hikâyelerin bir başka özelliği de sade dil eşliğinde olabildiğince yalın bir anlatım tekniğinin benimsenmesinde yatmakta, kısa cümlelerle kahramanların psikolojik gelgitleri, buhranları ve bunalımları
yakalanmaya ve dışa vurulmaya çalışılmaktadır.
Identification of phosphonylated peptides using a MALDI target functionalized with lanthanum stearate
Authors: Babakov VN , Gorbunov AYu , Gladchuk AS , Kalninya YaK , Shilovskikh VV , Tomilin NV , Sukhodolov NG , Radilov AS , Podolskaya EP
Published: January 2023

As markers of intoxication, adducts of blood proteins with organophosphorus compounds (OPs) allow establishing the fact of poisoning and, furthermore, enable identification of the OPs by the attached residue. This study aimed to develop a method of specific and selective extraction of blood protein adducts carrying OPs on the surface of a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) target functionalized with multimolecular structures based on lanthanum stearate using metal affinity chromatography. We have shown the ability of adsorbent to retain both full-size and dealkylated adducts of blood proteins with OPs. The developed method allowed extraction and identification of peptides of human serum albumin and human butyrylcholinesterase modified with various OPs (after incubation of human blood plasma with OPs in concentrations from 1 to 100 ng/mL), which makes this approach applicable for the purposes of OPs identification in the context of investigation of real cases of intoxication.
Políticas públicas y su expresión en la divulgación de la ciencia, tecnología e innovación
Authors: Paz Enrique Luis Ernesto
Published: February 2023

Las políticas públicas sobre ciencia, tecnología e innovación tienen la función social de dirigir los procesos de construcción y socialización del conocimiento y los hallazgos científicos. Existe en la literatura científica publicada vacíos de conocimiento que contribuyan a fundamentar las políticas públicas en materia de ciencia, tecnología e innovación. No existen fuentes que enuncien los componentes de este tipo de políticas que se enfocan en socializar el conocimiento científico. Se plantean como objetivos del estudio: 1) identificar los principales presupuestos teóricos presentes en las políticas públicas sobre ciencia y técnica y 2) caracterizar los componentes de las políticas públicas destinadas a socializar la ciencia, tecnología e innovación. Para la obtención de resultados se emplearon métodos en los niveles teórico y empírico fundamentalmente el análisis documental clásico a partir de la consulta de literatura científica publicada. Se sistematizaron y propusieron concepciones en torno a las políticas públicas sobre ciencia, tecnología e innovación y se plantearon sus componentes. Se identificaron los espacios y formas de participación de los destinatarios en la construcción de políticas públicas con orientación a la ciencia, tecnología e innovación.
The Use of Augmented Reality to Promote Public Awareness for Deaf Workers
Authors:   School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, Nurfitria Lala , Ghazali Achmad ,   School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
Published: January 2023

Technological innovations have been specifically built for people who are disabled. The technological development tools were designed to make human work more manageable. Augmented Reality is one of the technologies discussed in this study. This study will focus on solving the problems encountered in the SMEs assisted by Regional Nation Craft Council (Dekranasda) Nusa Tenggara Timur, Café Inklusi (Kopisaa), where disabled workers experience communication problems. Most visitors are not aware of the presence of deaf workers, as well as sign language. This research process uses descriptive qualitative research methods, and Design Thinking as an analysis tool is deemed necessary for the characteristics of the problems that arise. After the analysis, a solution was proposed to help the disabled worker in Café Inklusi (Kopisaa) communicate more effectively using Augmented Reality technology in social media filters. The solution focuses on how AR technology can play a role in helping overcome deaf workers’ communication problems, increase awareness of deaf workers and sign language, and help promote the cafe where they work.
An analysis of Pak-Russia relations in the evolving new regional order: 2013-2022
Authors: Tariq Abdullah , Mustafa Ghulam
Published: January 2023

As regional political order has been shifting, Pakistan is faced with the withdrawal of NATO forces from Afghanistan and its aftereffects, Indian inference in the region political paradigm, the building of new trilateral cooperative blocs in the regional context, and the threat of fifth-generation and hybrid warfare. Therefore, the study is designed to interpret and evaluate Pakistan-Russian foreign policy achievements and their futuristic consequences. The occurrence of multiple political events like hybrid warfare from a geo-strategic perspective has signalled major geopolitical and socio-economic competition in the global market; for which Pakistan and Russia are gearing up. Given existing geopolitical compulsions like Moscow’s quest for playing a decisive role in Afghanistan’s security calculus, Pakistan’s pursuit of coming out of the US straitjacket and finding alternative regional partners offer the reasons, challenges, and outlook for reshaping ties. Pakistan and Russia require a balanced strategic plan to counter the regional threats after the departure of NATO forces from Afghan soil. This article also discusses the core socio-economic strategies between Pakistan and Russia for diluting their gaps. The main point which can play a vital role in creating a close bilateral nexus between both states is the decisive foreign policy initiative from both ends.
Socio-economic impacts of North Waziristan Agency’s internally displaced persons on Lakki Marwat: 2014-2017
Authors: Khan Irshad Ullah , Khan Alamgir , Ullah Asif
Published: January 2023

The implications of the 9/11 incident affected the whole region, but unfortunately, Pakistan was at the most. Due to the NATO forces attacks, most militants migrated to Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) for the sake of refuge, which caused the growth of militancy and extremism in Pakistan. To cope with terrorism and stop the advancement of this evil, the government decided to launch operation Zarb-e-Azb as a last vengeance in North Waziristan Agency to evacuate citizens and then extinguish militants. Resultantly, around about 1 million IDP’s displaced to the adjacent areas, i.e., Bannu, Lakki Marwat, Karak etc., in the mid of June 2014. This research article focuses on IDPs hosted in Lakki Marwat and their socio-economic impact on the host community. The research is descriptive-exploratory based on a mixed study approach; data used in this research were collected from both primary & secondary sources. The people of the host community argue that IDPs create a number of socio-economic problems like a rise in prices, compromised quality of goods, shortage of houses, occupation of schools, increase in crime rate, security problems etc.
China’s Belt and Road Initiative: an analysis of its role in global peace, development, and implications
Authors: Khatoon Aasia , Sakeena
Published: January 2023

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is the grand strategy that interlinks the regions in the common chain of trade and economy. The paper investigates whether China’s rise through this initiative is peaceful or whether the claims and worries of the U.S., India and Japan are true that it is rising as a hegemonic and aggressive country. The descriptive-analytical method is being used in this research work. China is growing, particularly through this global interconnectivity initiative. Its economic and political influence is greatly increasing. It connects the countries in an initiative that boosts their economic and social development and peace. It is an initiative of equal benefits and considerably growing interdependence among the states and non-state actors. It constructs a world that has common interests and common security. The new trend growing between China, U.S., India, and Japan consists of competition and friendly cooperative relations. China’s main priority is bringing peace, development, and a better standard of life to its people first. It does not want to repeat the history when its people were smashed badly during the opium war of 1840 and Japan’s occupation in World War II. It does learn the value of peace from its past.
Playing upon knowledge through language games: Lyotard’s ‘The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge’
Authors: Ammar Ali , Yousaf Mooneer , Ahmad Kashif , Bibi Syed Attia
Published: January 2023

Lyotard's seminal work The Postmodern Condition has been considered one of the most influential works of postmodernism. It has inspired thinkers and scholars in its criticism and report of the knowledge and its suggestiveness of paralogies. Many scholars even today draw on his definition of postmodernism as the incredulity of metanarratives. The text has been selected to be closely read and understood from the Foucauldian viewpoint of the creation of regimes of truth which we have argued that the text is involved in the same practice of creating its hegemonic place by making certain assumptions and assertions over nature, status, and forms of knowledge. We have also contended that Lyotard's interests are involved in writing this text, particularly in the propagation of the concept of paralogies and rejection of grand narratives. The text has also been viewed from Van Dijk's perspective that certain scholars who are given value by the elite to be part of the scholarly elite control academic discourses which are specifically disseminated and propagated to influence humanity. This is how the postmodern condition has been generated, produced, disseminated, legitimized and propagated worldwide.
Rise of China and its behaviours in the South China Sea: an analysis of defensive realism perspective
Authors: Zhang Sheng
Published: January 2023

With the continuous improvement of China's comprehensive national strength, international observers could find that China has become more assertive in dealing with its territorial disputes with its neighbours. The debate about whether China is a revisionist state in the balance of power in its regional affairs is a hot topic and the discussion about her disputes in the South China Sea (SCS) is a subset of this important topic. For Beijing's apex, the significance of the SCS does not need more elaboration because it concerns a series of Chinese interests, especially her national security. Based on the precondition about Chinese security, the article analyses China's behaviours in the SCS to prove that Beijing has not turned aggressive even though it has some so-called assertiveness in its recent actions. The article's purpose is to use defensive realism as an analysis framework to help people think about Beijing's shifting behaviours in territorial disputes, especially when power competition is one factor forming the situation. In investigating the specific cases, the study proves that China's activities in the SCS in recent years are based on self-defence after strength enhancement rather than the beginning of the aggression, especially regarding its regional security and territorial disputes.
The role of local governments in the political and socio-economic development of Pakistan
Authors: Khan Hashmat Ullah , Yiling Chen , Kerui Wu
Published: January 2023

Pakistan is a federal state, and an essential feature of federalism is decentralising power to the grassroots level in the shape of local governments. The primary objective of this study is to know about the role of local governments in Pakistan’s socio-economic and political development. Decentralisation of power plays an important role in political and socio-economic development as it helps people socialise politically and solve their underlying problems at their doorsteps. This system also directly brings socio-economic planning and developmental projects at village and street levels, leading to socio-economic development at the grassroots level. Conversely, the developmental projects only remain in the hands of the members of National and Provincial assemblies to whom very few people have access. Thus, only a distinctive class of society enjoys the benefits of developmental projects. It also brings politics to the grassroots level, therefore working as a nursery for future politicians, helping to end dynastic politics and strengthen democracy in Pakistan, a significant problem in the country and a leading cause of inefficiency in politics. Therefore, there must be an uninterrupted party-based local government system in Pakistan. This study is conducted on qualitative and descriptive methods.
Gender-based violence and the judiciary: Reflections on the role of the courts in safeguarding the dignity, safety and freedom of women
Authors: Theron Leona
Published: January 2023

The number of reported cases of sexual offences is rapidly increasing in South Africa. Parliament has responded to this phenomenon by making various important legislative reforms. Our Constitution recognises, however, that beyond legislative reform, our courts must ensure the transformation of society to ensure that South Africa truly belongs to all who live in it. This means that the courts must confront patriarchal norms entrenched in South Africa’s criminal justice system and in the law itself. The courts have responded to this challenge with commendable vigour. The most recent development is the Constitutional Court’s decision in Tshabalala v S. This case demonstrates the role that our courts can and must play during the ‘pandemic’ of sexual and gender-based violence.
Contracts in restraint of trade: Pacta sunt servanda and constitutional values: From Magna Alloys to Beadica
Authors: Weiner S E
Published: January 2023

Since the advent of the constitutional era, the law of contract and the maxim pacta sunt servanda have been the subject of much jurisprudential discourse. Restraint of trade agreements have, on occasion, been regarded by our courts as distinct from other contracts, with some judges believing that such contracts should be treated with more circumspection and outside the confines of the principles applicable in our law of contract. In Magna Alloys the Appellate Division laid down the general principle that, prima facie, contracts in restraint of trade are valid and enforceable. The employee bears the onus of showing that the restraint is unreasonable and contrary to public policy. Some jurists believe, however, that the application of constitutional principles requires a revision of our jurisprudence in relation to contracts in restraint of trade. This article analyses some of the judgments dealing with the concept of pacta sunt servanda and the application of constitutional values in the decision-making process, and shows that there is no need to cavil against the existing jurisprudence and to treat contracts in restraint of trade as sui generis or more stringently. Although most of the authorities quoted in this article deal with our law of contract in general, such principles have been held by the Supreme Court of Appeal and the Constitutional Court to apply equally to contracts in restraint of trade.
Women pioneers in the judiciary programme – supporting women judges and law students in Southern Africa
Authors: Mocumie Baratang Constance
Published: January 2023

Most women in the judiciary and legal practice have no one to mentor them. Those potential mentors who are in senior positions are in court at the same time as the junior women are. The opportunity to empower each other (to bring about the achievement of equality, the empowerment of those previously disadvantaged, and the promotion of the rule of law and justice) is hard to find or create on an individual basis. Women who wish to share their experiences with others to empower them so that they can do the same for others can do so through programmes specifically designed by their associations to meet these objectives. This article explains what the South African Chapter of the International Association of Women Judges (SAC-IAWJ) has done over the years to empower women (those on the bench, those studying law, and those The Competition Appeal Court as a specialist court: in practice) and young people in general. The uniqueness of the various programmes lies not only in empowering women but also in instilling a sense of pride and acknowledging women and their contribution to the development of the law.