bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of an analytical solution for optimum design of RWH systems—A case study in Guangzhou
Authors: Shiguang Chen , Hongwei Sun , Xuebin Chen
Published: March 2024

The implementation of rainwater harvesting (RWH) has emerged as a key strategy to cope with the water crisis in urban areas. However, the required design parameters of the RWH system in different buildings vary widely because of the differences in architectural characteristics. In this paper, the relationships between the building characteristics parameters and the optimal tank (Tc) capacity are investigated by simulating the RWH system for more than 120 buildings at different locations in Guangzhou. Explicit expressions relating the optimal storage volume of RWH systems to building characteristics are derived based on nonlinear regression analysis. A set of bivariate exponential equations for estimating the optimal tank size under different building conditions was obtained. The model has a MER of less than 10% for buildings with a C/D ratio between 17.5 and 85. In Guangzhou, the unit cost of an RWH system can be reduced to CNY 2.62/m2 with optimally designed tanks.
Kinematic Investigation of Healthy, Arthritic, and Postsurgery Thumbs: Is the Metacarpophalangeal Joint the Gateway to Carpometacarpal Arthritis?
Authors: Chrzan Adam J. , Arnold Nicole D. , Chan Kevin , Hess Daniel E. , Duquette Stephen P. , Hinkelman Levi L. , Kelpin John , Bush Tamara Reid
Published: March 2024

The thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint is one of the most likely joints to develop osteoarthritis (OA). If conservative treatments fail to alleviate symptoms, surgery may be pursued. Kinematic outcomes of CMC surgery techniques have been described, but current tools have limitations in capturing motion abilities. The goals of this study were (1) develop a new and robust set of kinematic outcome measures, and apply them to (2) a cohort of younger and older control individuals without CMC OA to determine age and sex-related changes, and (3) a cohort of participants with CMC OA before, 3 months, and 6 months after undergoing thumb ligament reconstruction with tendon interposition surgery to detect the impacts of surgery. 52 (26 males, 26 females) control and 18 (3 males, 15 females) surgical participants were tested. Kinematics were investigated using motion capture by mapping the three-dimensional motion space of the whole thumb, and two-dimensional motion boundaries of the metacarpal (MC) and proximal phalange (PP). Visual analog pain score was recorded. Older control participants had shifted regions of motion compared to younger participants (p ≤ 0.027), suggesting asymptomatic CMC wear. Control females had 31% more metacarpophalangeal (MCP) motion than control males (p = 0.013), which could alter loading paths through the CMC joint and increase OA risk. Pain at 6 months postsurgery was 72% less than presurgery (p < 0.001), but motion abilities were 20–28% less than presurgery (p ≤ 0.074) and 24–40% less than control participants (p ≤ 0.066). These techniques have the possibility of identifying presymptomatic motion changes, including those at the metacarpophalangeal joint in CMC OA progression.
Overall Cooling Effectiveness With Internal Serpentine Channels and Optimized Film Cooling Holes
Authors: Yoon Christopher , Flachs Elise M. , Ellinger Molly E. , Bogard David G.
Published: March 2024

The overall cooling effectiveness for gas turbine airfoils is a function of the combined cooling due to internal cooling configurations and film cooling configurations. Typically, film cooling configurations are evaluated independent of the cooling effects of the internal feed channels, generally based on adiabatic effectiveness measurements. In this study, we consider the coupled effects of internal cooling and film cooling configurations through measurements of overall cooling effectiveness for film cooling holes fed by a coflow/counterflow channel and a serpentine channel. A film cooling hole designed by adjoint optimization techniques (X-AOpt) is compared to a standard-shaped hole with 7 deg forward and lateral expansions (7-7-7 SI). Experiments without film cooling showed that the serpentine channel had 35–50% greater overall cooling effectiveness than the straight, coflow channel. Experiments with the X-AOpt hole combined with a serpentine channel showed an area-averaged overall cooling effectiveness of ϕ¯¯=0.58, which was a 70% increase compared to the overall cooling effectiveness of the serpentine channel without film cooling. When the X-AOpt hole was fed with a coflow channel with similar coolant mass flowrate, the overall cooling effectiveness was ϕ¯¯=0.44, i.e., 30% lower than when using the serpentine channel. Interestingly, adiabatic effectiveness measurements with the X-AOpt holes showed a more uniform hole-to-hole performance when using the serpentine channel compared to the coflow channel.
Countermovement-Jump and Pull-Up Performance Before and After a Swimming Race in Preparatory and Competitive Phases of a Swimming Season
Authors: Gonzalez-Rave José M. , Sorgente Vincenzo , Agudo-Ortega Aaron , Rodrigo-Carranza Víctor , Psycharakis Stelios , Turner Anthony P.
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Monitoring performance athletes’ training responses can be efficiently completed at competitive events. This study aimed to explore the changes in swimming, countermovement-jump (CMJ), and pull-up (PU) performance following training across a competitive phase, as well as immediately before and after each race. Methods: Fourteen well-trained male sprint/middle-distance swimmers (height 179 [7] cm, mass 70 [8] kg, age 18 [2] y), from 3 regional training groups, completed CMJ and PU tests before and after the national competitions in October and May, when race performance was also assessed. Results: Swimming race performance was significantly improved from before the national competitions in October to after the national competitions in May (1.8% [3.2%], P = .044, d = 0.60, moderate effect). Although there were no significant changes in PU velocity, CMJ performance significantly improved from before the national competitions in October to after the national competitions in May (mean difference 2.29 cm, P = .004, d = 3.52) and showed before-to-after race decreases (mean difference −1.64 cm, P = .04, d = 2.28). Conclusion: Swimming performance and CMJ performance improved as the season progressed, although these improvements were not directly correlated. PU performance did not appear to be sensitive to training or race-induced fatigue, in contrast to CMJ, in this group of male swimmers.
Plasmalogen, a glycerophospholipid crucial for
Streptococcus mutans
acid tolerance and colonization
Authors: Mu Rong , Momeni Stephanie , Krieger Madeline , Xie Baotong , Cao Xixi , Merritt Justin , Wu Hui
Published: March 2024

Plasmalogen is a specific glycerophospholipid present in both animal and bacterial organisms. It plays a crucial function in eukaryotic cellular processes and is closely related to several human diseases, including neurological disorders and cancers. Nonetheless, the precise biological role of plasmalogen in bacteria is not well understood. In this study, we identified SMU_438c as the enzyme responsible for plasmalogen production in
Streptococcus mutans
under anaerobic conditions. The heterologous expression of SMU_438c in a plasmalogen-negative strain,
Streptococcus sanguinis
, resulted in the production of plasmalogen, indicating that this enzyme is sufficient for plasmalogen production. Additionally, the plasmalogen-deficient
S. mutans
exhibited significantly lower acid tolerance and diminished its colonization in
Drosophila
flies compared to the wild-type strain and complemented strain. In summary, our data suggest that plasmalogen plays a vital role in bacterial stress tolerance and
in vivo
colonization.

IMPORTANCE

This study sheds light on the biological role of plasmalogen, a specific glycerophospholipid, in bacteria, particularly in
Streptococcus mutans
. Plasmalogens are known for their significant roles in eukaryotic cells and have been linked to human diseases like neurological disorders and cancers. The enzyme SMU_438c, identified as essential for plasmalogen production under anaerobic conditions, was crucial for acid tolerance and
in vivo
colonization in
Drosophila
by
S. mutans
, underscoring its importance in bacterial stress response and colonization. These findings bridge the knowledge gap in bacterial physiology, highlighting plasmalogen’s role in microbial survival and offering potential insights into microbial pathogenesis and host–microbe interactions.
Cryogenic electron tomography reveals novel structures in the apical complex of
Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Sun Stella Y. , Segev-Zarko Li-av , Pintilie Grigore D. , Kim Chi Yong , Staggers Sophia R. , Schmid Michael F. , Egan Elizabeth S. , Chiu Wah , Boothroyd John C.
Published: March 2024

Intracellular infectious agents, like the malaria parasite,
Plasmodium falciparum
, face the daunting challenge of how to invade a host cell. This problem may be even harder when the host cell in question is the enucleated red blood cell, which lacks the host machinery co-opted by many pathogens for internalization. Evolution has provided
P. falciparum
and related single-celled parasites within the phylum Apicomplexa with a collection of organelles at their apical end that mediate invasion. This apical complex includes at least two sets of secretory organelles, micronemes and rhoptries, and several structural features like apical rings and a putative pore through which proteins may be introduced into the host cell during invasion. We perform cryogenic electron tomography (cryo-ET) equipped with Volta Phase Plate on isolated and vitrified merozoites to visualize the apical machinery. Through tomographic reconstruction of cellular compartments, we see new details of known structures like the rhoptry tip interacting directly with a rosette resembling the recently described rhoptry secretory apparatus (RSA)
,
or with an apical vesicle docked beneath the RSA. Subtomogram averaging reveals that the apical rings have a fixed number of repeating units, each of which is similar in overall size and shape to the units in the apical rings of tachyzoites of
Toxoplasma gondii
. Comparison of these polar rings in
Plasmodium
and
Toxoplasma
parasites also reveals them to have a structurally conserved assembly pattern. These results provide new insight into the essential and structurally conserved features of this remarkable machinery used by apicomplexan parasites to invade their respective host cells.

IMPORTANCE

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by parasites of the genus
Plasmodium
and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Upon infection,
Plasmodium
parasites invade and replicate in red blood cells, where they are largely protected from the immune system. To enter host cells, the parasites employ a specialized apparatus at their anterior end. In this study, advanced imaging techniques like cryogenic electron tomography (cryo-ET) and Volta Phase Plate enable unprecedented visualization of whole
Plasmodium falciparum
merozoites, revealing previously unknown structural details of their invasion machinery. Key findings include new insights into the structural conservation of apical rings shared between
Plasmodium
and its apicomplexan cousin,
Toxoplasma
. These discoveries shed light on the essential and conserved elements of the invasion machinery used by these pathogens. Moreover, the research provides a foundation for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying parasite-host interactions, potentially informing strategies for combating diseases caused by apicomplexan parasites.
High-quality draft genome of Gammaproteobacterial SUP05 cluster from non-buoyant hydrothermal plumes of ultraslow spreading Gakkel Ridge (Central Arctic Ocean)
Authors: Scilipoti Stefano , Molari Massimiliano
Published: March 2024

Hydrothermal plumes are an important yet understudied component of deep-sea microbial ecosystems. We report metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of three Bacteria belonging to the Gammaproteobacterial SUP05 cluster (family
Thioglobaceae
), assembled from the metagenomes of two non-buoyant hydrothermal plumes in the ultraslow spreading Gakkel Ridge.
PNPLA3fatty liver allele was fixed in Neanderthals and segregates neutrally in humans
Authors: Geier Andreas , Trost Jonas , Wang Ke , Schmid Clemens , Krawczyk Marcin , Schiffels Stephan
Published: March 2024

Objective

Fat deposition is modulated by environmental factors and genetic predisposition. Genome-wide association studies identifiedPNPLA3p.I148M (rs738409) as a common variant that increases risk of developing liver steatosis. When and how this variant evolved in humans has not been studied to date.

Design

Here we analyse ancient DNA to track the history of this allele throughout human history. In total, 6444 published ancient (modern humans, Neanderthal, Denisovan) and 3943 published present day genomes were used for analysis after extracting genotype calls forPNPLA3p.I148M. To quantify changes through time, logistic and, by grouping individuals according to geography and age, linear regression analyses were performed.

Results

We find that archaic human individuals (Neanderthal, Denisovan) exclusively carried a fixedPNPLA3risk allele, whereas allele frequencies in modern human populations range from very low in Africa to >50% in Mesoamerica. Over the last 15 000 years, distributions of ancestral and derived alleles roughly match the present day distribution. Logistic regression analyses did not yield signals of natural selection during the last 10 000 years.

Conclusion

Archaic human individuals exclusively carried a fixedPNPLA3allele associated with fatty liver, whereas allele frequencies in modern human populations are variable even in the oldest samples. Our observation might underscore the advantage of fat storage in cold climate and particularly for Neanderthal under ice age conditions. The absent signals of natural selection during modern human history does not support the thrifty gene hypothesis in case ofPNPLA3p.I148M.
Joint online distance learning to complement postgraduate pathology training in preparation for national board examinations
Authors: de Leng Bas , Helle Laura , Jokelainen Otto , Kainulainen Mikko , Kronqvist Pauliina , Mol Christian , Pawelka Friedrich , Pohjanen Vesa-Matti , Vincken Koen
Published: March 2024

Aims

To meet the flexible learning needs of pathology residents preparing for national board examinations, a joint distance learning approach was developed using both asynchronous and synchronous activities with whole slide images, drawing on empirical educational research on online distance learning.

Methods

In a case study of an implementation of the designed joint distance learning approach with a geographically dispersed group of pathology residents in Finland, the participants’ perceptions were measured with a 12-item questionnaire covering the value of the learning opportunity, the quality of the sociocognitive processes and their emotional engagement and social cohesion. Communication during the online session was also recorded and analysed to provide objectivity to the self-report data.

Results

The effectiveness of joint online learning for knowledge acquisition and preparation for national board examinations was highly rated. However, despite strong emotional engagement during synchronous activities, participants reported minimal interpersonal interaction, which was also reflected in the recordings of the online session.

Conclusion

Using a technology integration framework and guided by the principles of self-determination theory, joint distance learning is emerging as a beneficial addition to postgraduate pathology programmes in preparation for national examinations. However, to realise the full potential of interpersonal interaction, participants should be prepared for an appropriate mindset.
Socioeconomic disparities in diet and physical activity in children: evidence from well-child visit electronic health records in the Canary Islands, Spain
Authors: Rodriguez-Mireles Silvia , Lopez-Valcarcel Beatriz G , Galdos-Arias Patricia , Perez-Diaz Enrique , Serra-Majem Lluis
Published: March 2024

Background

Diet and physical activity (PA) in childhood are heavily influenced by the living environment. While diet quality follows a socioeconomic pattern, limited evidence is available in relation to PA in children. We assessed the effect of socioeconomic status at the individual (SES) and neighbourhood (NSES) levels on diet and PA among children from the general population of the Canary Islands, Spain.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, patients aged 6–14 years from the Canary Health Service in 2018 were included (n=89 953). Diet and PA surveys from the electronic health records of the well-child visit programme were used. A healthy habits (HH) score was defined to assess the level of adherence to the dietary and leisure time PA guidelines. We modelled the association between the HH score, SES and NSES using a stepwise multilevel linear regression analysis, differentiating between specific and general contextual observational effects.

Results

A strong positive association between SES and the HH score was found, as children living in more affluent families were more likely to follow a healthy diet and being physically active. Differences in the HH score between geographical areas were of minor relevance (variance partition coefficient=1.8%) and the general contextual effects were not substantially mediated by NSES (proportional change in variance=3.5%). However, the HH score was significantly lower in children from areas with a higher percentage of annual incomes below the €18 000 threshold.

Conclusion

HH followed a socioeconomic gradient at the individual and the neighbourhood level. In the study population, the geographical component of the inequalities found were low.
Biallelic variants in Plexin B2 (
PLXNB2
) cause amelogenesis imperfecta, hearing loss and intellectual disability
Authors: Smith Claire E L , Laugel-Haushalter Virginie , Hany Ummey , Best Sunayna , Taylor Rachel L , Poulter James A , Wortmann Saskia B , Feichtinger Rene G , Mayr Johannes A , Al Bahlani Suhaila , Nikolopoulos Georgios , Rigby Alice , Black Graeme C , Watson Christopher M , Mansour Sahar , Inglehearn Chris F , Mighell Alan J , Bloch-Zupan Agnès
Published: March 2024

Background

Plexins are large transmembrane receptors for the semaphorin family of signalling proteins. Semaphorin-plexin signalling controls cellular interactions that are critical during development as well as in adult life stages. Nine plexin genes have been identified in humans, but despite the apparent importance of plexins in development, only biallelic
PLXND1
and
PLXNA1
variants have so far been associated with Mendelian genetic disease.

Methods

Eight individuals from six families presented with a recessively inherited variable clinical condition, with core features of amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), with variable intellectual disability. Probands were investigated by exome or genome sequencing. Common variants and those unlikely to affect function were excluded. Variants consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance were prioritised. Variant segregation analysis was performed by Sanger sequencing. RNA expression analysis was conducted in C57Bl6 mice.

Results

Rare biallelic pathogenic variants in plexin B2 (
PLXNB2
), a large transmembrane semaphorin receptor protein, were found to segregate with disease in all six families. The variants identified include missense, nonsense, splicing changes and a multiexon deletion.
Plxnb2
expression was detected in differentiating ameloblasts.

Conclusion

We identify rare biallelic pathogenic variants in
PLXNB2
as a cause of a new autosomal recessive, phenotypically diverse syndrome with AI and SNHL as core features. Intellectual disability, ocular disease, ear developmental abnormalities and lymphoedema were also present in multiple cases. The variable syndromic human phenotype overlaps with that seen in
Plxnb2
knockout mice, and, together with the rarity of human
PLXNB2
variants, may explain why pathogenic variants in
PLXNB2
have not been reported previously.
Survey of service needs to embed genome sequencing for motor neuron disease in neurology in the English National Health Service
Authors: Howard Jade , Bekker Hilary L , McDermott Christopher J , McNeill Alisdair
Published: March 2024

All people with motor neuron disease (pwMND) in England are eligible for genome sequencing (GS), with panel-based testing. With the advent of genetically targeted MND treatments, and increasing demand for GS, it is important that clinicians have the knowledge and skills to support pwMND in making informed decisions around GS. We undertook an online survey of clinical genomic knowledge and genetic counselling skills in English clinicians who see pwMND. There were 245 respondents to the survey (160 neurology clinicians and 85 genetic clinicians). Neurology clinicians reported multiple, overlapping barriers to offering pwMND GS. Lack of time to discuss GS in clinic and lack of training in genetics were reported. Neurology clinicians scored significantly less well on self-rated genomic knowledge and genetic counselling skills than genetic clinicians. The majority of neurology clinicians reported that they do not have adequate educational or patient information resources to support GS discussions. We identify low levels of genomic knowledge and skills in the neurology workforce. This may impede access to GS and precision medicine for pwMND.
Metastatic spinal cord compression: the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score and early surgical intervention
Authors: Kovarik Petr Daniel Edward , Fadulelmola Ahmed , Hashmi Ahmed , Kelly Charles , West Nick , Patil Rahul , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid
Published: March 2024

Objectives

To evaluate the value of Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) in patients with spine metastasis who subsequently developed or did not develop metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC).

Methods

In this single institutional retrospective descriptive observational study, of 589 patients with MSCC who were referred for radiotherapy, 34 patients (with 41 compression sites) met the inclusion criteria: availability of diagnostic MRI spine pre-development of MSCC (MRI-1) and at the time of MSCC development (MRI-2) (CordGroup).

For comparison, NoCordGroup consisted of 152 patients (160 sites) treated with radiotherapy to spinal metastases. SINS was compared between the two groups.

Results

In CordGroup, the median interval between MRI-1 and MRI-2 was 11 weeks. The median SINS was 8 (range: 4–14) and 9 (range: 7–14) on MRI-1 and MRI-2, respectively. In NoCordGroup, the median SINS was 6 (range: 4–10).

Conclusions

Our study showed a trend in difference in SINS value between the two groups. This difference should be a subject of future prospective research in this patient population with poor survival.
A novel experimental search channel for very light higgs bosons in the 2HDM type I
Authors: Moretti S. , Semlali S. , Shepherd-Themistocleous C. H.
Published: March 2024

We present a reinterpretation study of existing results from the CMS Collaboration, specifically, searches for light Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) Higgs pairs produced in the chain decay $$pp\rightarrow H_\textrm{SM}\rightarrow hh(aa)$$

p
p
→

H
SM

→
h
h

(
a
a
)

into a variety of final states, in the context of the CP-conserving 2-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM) Type-I. Through this, we test the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) sensitivity to a possible new signature, $$pp\rightarrow H_\textrm{SM}\rightarrow ZA\rightarrow ZZ h$$

p
p
→

H
SM

→
Z
A
→
Z
Z
h

, with $$ZZ\rightarrow jj \mu ^+\mu ^-$$

Z
Z
→
j
j

μ
+

μ
-

and $$h\rightarrow b\bar{b}$$

h
→
b

b

¯

. We perform a systematic scan over the 2HDM Type-I parameter space, by taking into account all available theoretical and experimental constraints, in order to find a region with a potentially visible signal. We investigate the significance of it through a full Monte Carlo simulation down to the parametrised detector level. We show that such a signal is an alternative promising channel to standard four-body searches for light BSM Higgs bosons at the LHC already with an integrated luminosity of $${{\mathcal {L}}} = 300~\textrm{fb}^{-1}$$

L
=
300

fb

-
1

. For a tenfold increase of the latter, discovery should be possible over most of the allowed parameter space.
Some contributions to k-contact Lagrangian field equations, symmetries and dissipation laws
Authors: Rivas Xavier , Salgado Modesto , Souto Silvia
Published: March 2024

It is well known that [Formula: see text]-contact geometry is a suitable framework to deal with non-conservative field theories. In this paper, we study some relations between solutions of the [Formula: see text]-contact Euler–Lagrange equations, symmetries, dissipation laws and Newtonoid vector fields. We review the [Formula: see text]-contact Euler–Lagrange equations written in terms of [Formula: see text]-vector fields and sections and provide new results relating the solutions in both approaches. We also study different kinds of symmetries depending on the structures they preserve: natural (preserving the Lagrangian function), dynamical (preserving the solutions), and [Formula: see text]-contact (preserving the underlying geometric structures) symmetries. For some of these symmetries, we provide Noether-like theorems relating symmetries and dissipation laws. We also analyze the relation between [Formula: see text]-contact symmetries and Newtonoid vector fields. Throughout the paper, we will use the damped vibrating string as our main illustrative example.
FLRW universe in Weyl type f(Q,T) gravity with variable q
Authors: Shukla B. K. , Tiwari R. K. , Beesham A. , Sofuoĝlu D.
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we study an isotropic and homogeneous Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker cosmological model in Weyl type [Formula: see text] gravity with a dynamic deceleration parameter. The solution of the field equations is found using a variable deceleration parameter, viz., [Formula: see text], with q the deceleration parameter, n and m constants, and H the Hubble parameter [Tiwari et al., Eur. Phys. J. Plus 132, 1 (2017)]. Then we calculate the values of the model parameters that are most likely to accord with the most recent observational data sets. We make use of the 57 CC points, SN and BAO datasets. We have contracted a graphical representation of the dynamical behavior of the cosmological parameters (the Hubble parameter, the deceleration parameter, the energy density and the equation of state) in terms of the redshift. To investigate the various eras of the universe, the evolution of the statefinder trajectory pairs [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are studied. It is shown that the main energy component of the model is ordinary matter, which behaves initially as the SCDM model and then later as a fluid resembling quintessence, which behaves as the well-known [Formula: see text]CDM model. A suitable cosmological model is constructed after analyzing the physical parameters of the model, the [Formula: see text] diagnostic analysis.
Cold dark matter and holographic dark energy in f(R,T) theory of gravity
Authors: Solanke Y. S. , Nakade T. D. , Pawar D. D. , Dagwal V. J.
Published: March 2024

In this study, we have examined the cosmological model of the locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) Bianchi Type-I universe within the framework of the [Formula: see text] theory of gravity. The [Formula: see text] theory incorporates the Ricci scalar (R) and the trace of the energy–momentum tensor (T) in its formulation. Our investigation focuses on the cold dark matter (CDM) and holographic dark energy (DE) cosmological models, particularly in relation to the occurrence of a big rip singularity. To solve the field equation, we have assumed a specific relationship between the parameters, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is proportional to [Formula: see text] and m is held constant. We have examined the existence of both the Big Bang and Big Rip singularities within this cosmological model. Additionally, we have analysed the state-finder parameter, which provides insights into the dynamics and evolution of the universe. Furthermore, we have discussed the physical and geometrical parameters of the universe in this context. These parameters help characterize and describe the behavior of the universe, shedding light on its underlying properties and dynamics. Through our investigation, we aim to deepen our understanding of the LRS Bianchi Type-I cosmological model within the [Formula: see text] theory of gravity, exploring the interplay between CDM, holographic DE, singularities, and the various parameters that contribute to the understanding of the universe.
White dwarf cooling in f(R,T) gravity
Authors: Bhattacharjee Snehasish
Published: March 2024

In recent times, astounding observations of both over- and under-luminous type Ia supernovae have emerged. These peculiar observations hint not only at surpassing the Chandrasekhar limit but may also suggest potential modifications in the physical attributes of their progenitors such as their cooling rate. This, in turn, can influence their temporal assessments and provide a compelling explanation for these intriguing observations. In this spirit, we investigate here the cooling process of white dwarfs in [Formula: see text] gravity with the simplest model [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the model parameter. Our modeling suggests that the cooling timescale of white dwarfs exhibits an inverse relationship with the model parameter [Formula: see text]. This unveils that in the realm of [Formula: see text] gravity, the energy release rate for white dwarfs increases as [Formula: see text] increases. Furthermore, we also report that the luminosity of the white dwarfs also depends on [Formula: see text] and an upswing in [Formula: see text] leads to an amplification in the luminosity. As a result, utilizing white dwarf luminosity could possibly define bounds on [Formula: see text] gravity models.
Revisiting Trimaximal TM2 mixing in two A4 modular symmetries
Authors: Zhang Han , Zhou Ye-Ling
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we discuss a minimal lepton flavor model with two modular [Formula: see text] symmetries, one acting on neutrinos and the other acting on charged leptons. Two corresponding moduli fields are restricted at stabilizers. To avoid vanishing or degenerate lepton masses, the stabilizer in the charged lepton sector always preserves a [Formula: see text] symmetry, and that in the neutrino preserves a [Formula: see text] symmetry. By scanning all viable stabilizers, a unique Trimaximal TM2 mixing is predicted. However, the prediction of the lightest neutrino mass and the mass parameter in neutrinoless double beta decay, as well as two Majorana phases, are different and classified into three cases.
The application of Cornell potential on determining Mass spectra of heavy quarkonium via the Nikiforov–Uvarov method
Authors: Reggab Khalid
Published: March 2024

The mass spectrum of heavy mesons using the Cornell potential is used for studying the quark–antiquark interaction. By appropriately modifying the potential parameters, the established potential models such as Kratzer’s potential and the anharmonic one are applied in the Pekeris approximation. The Schrodinger equation for the Cornell potential setting is solved in this paper via the Nikiforov–Uvarov method. We acquire the confined-state energy spectrum to verify whether the outcome produced by this approach is accurate. The spectrum of energy formulation is used to determine the mass spectra of heavy quarkonium compounds, including charmonium and bottomonium. There is a comparison with various theoretical stances. The outcomes align well with both experimental data and other researchers’ findings.
Trapping paramagnetic molecules in a dynamic magnetic trap
Authors: Li Sheng-Qiang , Lin Jing , Chen Xue , Zhang Nan-Nan
Published: March 2024

Trapping molecules in strong-field-seeking states is particularly attractive to scientists in the field of molecular optics. If the external field is strong enough, all molecules are strong-field seekers. Contrary to the weak-field-seeking states, molecules trapping in strong-field-seeking states can avoid the loss caused by the inelastic collision which is a stumbling block for evaporative and sympathetic cooling. Unfortunately, the formation of a magnetostatic maximum in free space is forbidden according to Maxwell’s equations and Earnshaw’s theory. In this paper, a dynamic magnetic trap consisting of three pairs of Helmholtz coils is proposed. The time-sequence control is given together with the distribution of the magnetic field in space. The influence of the switching frequency and electric current flowing through the wires on the number of trapped molecules is investigated. We obtain the changes in the locations and the phase-space distribution within a switching cycle by trajectory simulation. Finally, the influence of the time during which the field is off on the performance of our trap is studied.
Averaging principle for stochastic 3D generalized Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Liu Hui , Lin Lin , Shi Yangyang
Published: March 2024

In this paper, the multiscale stochastic 3D generalized Navier–Stokes equations are studied. By using Khasminkii’s time discretization approach and the technique of stopping time, the strong averaging principle for stochastic 3D generalized Navier–Stokes equations is proved in the space [Formula: see text].
Reflected BSDEs driven by G-Brownian motion with time-varying Lipschitz coefficients
Authors: Li Hanwu
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we consider the reflected backward stochastic differential equations driven by [Formula: see text]-Brownian motion (reflected [Formula: see text]-BSDEs) with time-varying Lipschitz coefficients. We obtain the uniqueness result by establishing a priori estimates. For the existence, the solution can be approximated by a family of reflected [Formula: see text]-BSDEs with Lipschitz conditions and by penalized [Formula: see text]-BSDEs with time-varying coefficients. The latter approximation is useful to get the comparison theorem. Finally, we study the reflected [Formula: see text]-BSDEs with infinite time horizon.
Reflected stochastic differential equations driven by standard and fractional Brownian motion
Authors: Chadad Monir , Erraoui Mohamed
Published: March 2024

The reflection problem on the positive half-line with reflection at zero for a time-dependent stochastic differential equations driven by standard and fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter [Formula: see text] is considered. We prove the existence of weak solutions by using Euler scheme. Moreover, we show that pathwise uniqueness holds and a strong solution exists in the case of additive fractional noise and also up to a stopping time [Formula: see text] for the multiplicative case, but remains an open question beyond [Formula: see text].
Bounded orbits for three bodies in ℝ4
Authors: Albouy Alain , Dullin Holger R.
Published: March 2024

We consider the Newtonian 3-body problem in dimension 4, and fix a value of the angular momentum which is compatible with this dimension. We show that the energy function cannot tend to its infimum on an unbounded sequence of states. Consequently the infimum of the energy is its minimum. This completes our previous work [A. Albouy and H. R. Dullin, Relative equilibria of the 3-body problem in [Formula: see text], J. Geom. Mech. 12(3) (2020) 323–341] on the existence of Lyapunov stable relative periodic orbits in the 3-body problem in [Formula: see text].
Node Embedding Preserving Graph Summarization
Authors: Zhou Houquan , Liu Shenghua , Shen Huawei , Cheng Xueqi
Published: March 2024

Graph summarization is a useful tool for analyzing large-scale graphs. Some works tried to preserve original node embeddings encoding rich structural information of nodes on the summary graph. However, their algorithms are designed heuristically and not theoretically guaranteed. In this article, we theoretically study the problem of preserving node embeddings on summary graph. We prove that three matrix-factorization-based node embedding methods of the original graph can be approximated by that of the summary graph, and we propose a novel graph summarization method, named
HCSumm
, based on this analysis. Extensive experiments are performed on real-world datasets to evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed method. The experimental results show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in preserving node embeddings.
Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network with Personalized and Adaptive Diversity for News Recommendation
Authors: Zhang Guangping , Li Dongsheng , Gu Hansu , Lu Tun , Gu Ning
Published: March 2024

The emergence of online media has facilitated the dissemination of news, but has also introduced the problem of information overload. To address this issue, providing users with accurate and diverse news recommendations has become increasingly important. News possesses rich and heterogeneous content, and the factors that attract users to news reading are varied. Consequently, accurate news recommendation requires modeling of both the heterogeneous content of news and the heterogeneous user-news relationships. Furthermore, users’ news consumption is highly dynamic, which is reflected in the differences in topic concentration among different users and in the real-time changes in user interests. To this end, we propose a Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network with Personalized and Adaptive Diversity for News Recommendation (DivHGNN). DivHGNN first represents the heterogeneous content of news and the heterogeneous user-news relationships as an attributed heterogeneous graph. Then, through a heterogeneous node content adapter, it models the heterogeneous node attributes into aligned and fused node representations. With the proposed attributed heterogeneous graph neural network, DivHGNN integrates the heterogeneous relationships to enhance node representation for accurate news recommendations. We also discuss relation pruning, model deployment, and cold-start issues to further improve model efficiency. In terms of diversity, DivHGNN simultaneously models the variance of nodes through variational representation learning for providing personalized diversity. Additionally, a time-continuous exponentially decaying distribution cache is proposed to model the temporal dynamics of user real-time interests for providing adaptive diversity. Extensive experiments on real-world news datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Tumour Recurrence, Depth of Invasion, and Temple Location as Independent Prognostic Parameters of Lymph Node Metastases of Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Horakova Zuzana , Starek Ivo , Zapletalova Jana , Salzman Richard
Published: March 2024

The excellent survival rate of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) exceeding 90% is reduced by the presence of nodal metastases by over 50%. We analysed various risk parameters of cSCC to predict the incidence of nodal metastases. A total of 118 patients with the head cSCC were included in a single-institution retrospective study covering the period from 2008 to 2020. Tumour recurrence, temple location, and tumour infiltration depth were found to be independent predictors of nodal metastases (increasing the probability of metastases by 8.0, 8.1, and 4.3 times, respectively). Furthermore, univariate analysis shows that the tumour size and T stage are significant factors increasing the risk of metastases. Several independent risk factors for the development of metastases in the head cSCC have been confirmed. These findings might help identify at-risk patients who require additional attention for adequate radical treatment and close follow-up. In contrast, elective treatment of lymph nodes is not recommended due to the low incidence of regional metastases.
Supplementary Data from The Next-Generation Oral Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader Camizestrant (AZD9833) Suppresses ER+ Breast Cancer Growth and Overcomes Endocrine and CDK4/6 Inhibitor Resistance
Authors: Lawson Mandy , Cureton Natalie , Ros Susana , Cheraghchi-Bashi Azadeh , Urosevic Jelena , D'Arcy Sophie , Delpuech Oona , DuPont Michelle , Fisher David I. , Gangl Eric T. , Lewis Hilary , Trueman Dawn , Wali Neha , Williamson Stuart C. , Moss Jennifer , Montaudon Elodie , Derrien Heloise , Marangoni Elisabetta , Miragaia Ricardo J. , Gagrica Sladjana , Morentin-Gutierrez Pablo , Moss Thomas A. , Maglennon Gareth , Sutton Daniel , Polanski Radoslaw , Rosen Alan , Cairns Jonathan , Zhang Pei , Sánchez-Guixé Mònica , Serra Violeta , Critchlow Susan E. , Scott James S. , Lindemann Justin P.O. , Barry Simon T. , Klinowska Teresa , Morrow Christopher J. , Carnevalli Larissa S.
Published: March 2024

Supplementary file containing all supplementary tables, text and figures
Supplementary Table 8 from Gigaxonin Suppresses Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Cancer Through Downregulation of Snail
Authors: Veena Mysore S. , Gahng Jungmo J. , Alani Mustafa , Ko Albert Y. , Basak Saroj K. , Liu Isabelle Y. , Hwang Kimberly J. , Chatoff Jenna R. , Venkatesan Natarajan , Morselli Marco , Yan Weihong , Ali Ibraheem , Kaczor-Urbanowicz Karolina Elżbieta , Gowda Bhavani Shankara , Frost Patrick , Pellegrini Matteo , Moatamed Neda A. , Wilczynski Sharon P. , Bomont Pascale , Wang Marilene B. , Shin Daniel Sanghoon , Srivatsan Eri S.
Published: March 2024

Antibody details
Supplementary Figure 5 from Gigaxonin Suppresses Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Cancer Through Downregulation of Snail
Authors: Veena Mysore S. , Gahng Jungmo J. , Alani Mustafa , Ko Albert Y. , Basak Saroj K. , Liu Isabelle Y. , Hwang Kimberly J. , Chatoff Jenna R. , Venkatesan Natarajan , Morselli Marco , Yan Weihong , Ali Ibraheem , Kaczor-Urbanowicz Karolina Elżbieta , Gowda Bhavani Shankara , Frost Patrick , Pellegrini Matteo , Moatamed Neda A. , Wilczynski Sharon P. , Bomont Pascale , Wang Marilene B. , Shin Daniel Sanghoon , Srivatsan Eri S.
Published: March 2024

Representative soft agar colonies of ME180, HeLa, and Siha cell lines
Supplementary Figure 3 from Gigaxonin Suppresses Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Cancer Through Downregulation of Snail
Authors: Veena Mysore S. , Gahng Jungmo J. , Alani Mustafa , Ko Albert Y. , Basak Saroj K. , Liu Isabelle Y. , Hwang Kimberly J. , Chatoff Jenna R. , Venkatesan Natarajan , Morselli Marco , Yan Weihong , Ali Ibraheem , Kaczor-Urbanowicz Karolina Elżbieta , Gowda Bhavani Shankara , Frost Patrick , Pellegrini Matteo , Moatamed Neda A. , Wilczynski Sharon P. , Bomont Pascale , Wang Marilene B. , Shin Daniel Sanghoon , Srivatsan Eri S.
Published: March 2024

SNP detection and CDKN2A and GAN expression in cancer cell lines
Supplementary Figure 20 from Gigaxonin Suppresses Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Cancer Through Downregulation of Snail
Authors: Veena Mysore S. , Gahng Jungmo J. , Alani Mustafa , Ko Albert Y. , Basak Saroj K. , Liu Isabelle Y. , Hwang Kimberly J. , Chatoff Jenna R. , Venkatesan Natarajan , Morselli Marco , Yan Weihong , Ali Ibraheem , Kaczor-Urbanowicz Karolina Elżbieta , Gowda Bhavani Shankara , Frost Patrick , Pellegrini Matteo , Moatamed Neda A. , Wilczynski Sharon P. , Bomont Pascale , Wang Marilene B. , Shin Daniel Sanghoon , Srivatsan Eri S.
Published: March 2024

expression of GAN, gamma H2AX, and p16 post Act D treatment of ME180 cells
Supplementary Figure 19 from Gigaxonin Suppresses Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Cancer Through Downregulation of Snail
Authors: Veena Mysore S. , Gahng Jungmo J. , Alani Mustafa , Ko Albert Y. , Basak Saroj K. , Liu Isabelle Y. , Hwang Kimberly J. , Chatoff Jenna R. , Venkatesan Natarajan , Morselli Marco , Yan Weihong , Ali Ibraheem , Kaczor-Urbanowicz Karolina Elżbieta , Gowda Bhavani Shankara , Frost Patrick , Pellegrini Matteo , Moatamed Neda A. , Wilczynski Sharon P. , Bomont Pascale , Wang Marilene B. , Shin Daniel Sanghoon , Srivatsan Eri S.
Published: March 2024

Ubiquitination assay for GAN binding to Snail and NF-kB
Supplementary Figure 18 from Gigaxonin Suppresses Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Cancer Through Downregulation of Snail
Authors: Veena Mysore S. , Gahng Jungmo J. , Alani Mustafa , Ko Albert Y. , Basak Saroj K. , Liu Isabelle Y. , Hwang Kimberly J. , Chatoff Jenna R. , Venkatesan Natarajan , Morselli Marco , Yan Weihong , Ali Ibraheem , Kaczor-Urbanowicz Karolina Elżbieta , Gowda Bhavani Shankara , Frost Patrick , Pellegrini Matteo , Moatamed Neda A. , Wilczynski Sharon P. , Bomont Pascale , Wang Marilene B. , Shin Daniel Sanghoon , Srivatsan Eri S.
Published: March 2024

E-cadherin and Snail expression in breast and prostate cancer samples
Supplementary Figure 13 from Gigaxonin Suppresses Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Cancer Through Downregulation of Snail
Authors: Veena Mysore S. , Gahng Jungmo J. , Alani Mustafa , Ko Albert Y. , Basak Saroj K. , Liu Isabelle Y. , Hwang Kimberly J. , Chatoff Jenna R. , Venkatesan Natarajan , Morselli Marco , Yan Weihong , Ali Ibraheem , Kaczor-Urbanowicz Karolina Elżbieta , Gowda Bhavani Shankara , Frost Patrick , Pellegrini Matteo , Moatamed Neda A. , Wilczynski Sharon P. , Bomont Pascale , Wang Marilene B. , Shin Daniel Sanghoon , Srivatsan Eri S.
Published: March 2024

RNA differential expression in mE180 and GAN edited cell lines
FIGURE 5 from Gigaxonin Suppresses Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Cancer Through Downregulation of Snail
Authors: Veena Mysore S. , Gahng Jungmo J. , Alani Mustafa , Ko Albert Y. , Basak Saroj K. , Liu Isabelle Y. , Hwang Kimberly J. , Chatoff Jenna R. , Venkatesan Natarajan , Morselli Marco , Yan Weihong , Ali Ibraheem , Kaczor-Urbanowicz Karolina Elżbieta , Gowda Bhavani Shankara , Frost Patrick , Pellegrini Matteo , Moatamed Neda A. , Wilczynski Sharon P. , Bomont Pascale , Wang Marilene B. , Shin Daniel Sanghoon , Srivatsan Eri S.
Published: March 2024

Gigaxonin re-expression leads to reversal of EMT phenotype. A, Incucyte growth assay shows gigaxonin re-expressing cells with statistically significant (P < 0.001) slower growth than control lentiviral transfected cells. Differential growth between parental GAN edited cells and that of control lentiviral transfected cells is not statistically significant (P = 0.1088). B and C, Migration assay shows minimal migration of ME180 cells. There is statistically significant (P < 0.0001) increased migration of GAN edited and control viral transfected cells which is reduced with the re-expression of gigaxonin. D and E, Invasion through Matrigel again shows absence of invasion in ME180 cells that dramatically increases in GAN edited cells. Gigaxonin re-expressing cells show statistically significant (P < 0.0013) reduced Matrigel invasion in comparison with the control viral transfected cells.