bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discussion the Mechanism of Sulfur and Phosphorus Doped TiO2
Authors: Zeng Tao , Liu Hou Juan , Shu Zhan
Published: December 2011

Environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems with the development of the world. TiO2 has caused great concern due to its excellent effort on the environmental puriﬁcation and solar energy conversion. N, S-doped titania were prepared by a one-pot hydrothermalmethod using urea and sulfourea as precursor of nitrogen and sulfur. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The photocatalytic activity of them was evaluated for the degradation of methylene blue under xenon lamp which has similar spectra to solar light. The preparation methods and doping mechanism of the nitrogen-doped TiO2 are discussed. Morever, N, S-codoped titania can further enhacnce the photocatalytic activity effectively, This excellent performance could endow the as-prepared P-doped titania potential in purifying wastewater.
Effect of Acoustic Intensity on Plate Polymeric Membrane
Authors: Xiong Wei , Cui Peng , Yin Mei Juan , Chen Ya Zhong
Published: December 2011

The actual acoustic intensity (I) that reaches membrane is measured by ultrasonic power measuring meter. I is altered by changing the height of membrane (H), the nominal ultrasonic power, or ultrasonic frequency in ultrasonic cleaner. The evolution of the property of polymeric membrane exposed to ultrasonic irradiation is followed by the calculation of membrane damage factor (R). Effect of acoustic intensity on the extent of membrane damage is investigated. The results show that the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane is comparatively resistant under ultrasonic irradiation, the polypropylene (PP) membrane is less resistant, but the nylon 6 (N6) membrane can be damaged seriously by ultrasound. When ultrasonic frequency is 45 kHz, I decreases from 1.04 W•cm-2 to 0.10 W•cm-2 as H rises from 3 cm to 9 cm; I increases from 1.04 W•cm-2 to 1.33 W•cm-2 as the nominal ultrasonic power rises from 200 W to 400 W, and R increases as I rises. When the nominal ultrasonic power is 200 W, I rises from 1.04 W•cm-2 to 1.45 W•cm-2 as ultrasonic frequency increases from 45 kHz to 100 kHz, but R generally remains stable when ultrasonic frequencies are 80 kHz and 100 kHz. Membranes are resistant under ultrasonic irradiation when ultrasonic frequencies are 80 kHz and 100 kHz.
Effect of Different Ending Fermentation Technologies on Microbial-Stability of Italian Riesling Low Alcohol Sweet White Wine
Authors: Cui Yan , Lv Wen , Liu Jin Fu , Wang Bu Jiang
Published: December 2011

In order to investigate effects of different ending fermentation technologies on microbial-stability and quality of low alcohol sweet white wine, with Italy Reasling grapes as raw materials, four ending fermentation technologies: single SO2 treatment, combined high voltage electrostatic field (HVEF)/SO2 treatment, combined ultrasound/SO2 treatment, and combined pasteurization/SO2 treatment were compared in yeasts lethality, enological parameters and sensory evaluation of the low-alcohol sweet white wines.The results showed that: the best ending fermentation technology was combined ultrasound (40Hz/20min)/SO2(40mg/L) treatment, which had higher total lethal rate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the wines treated in this way were rich in typical Italy Reasling grape variety flavor and attractive aromas, with a pleasant fruity taste and microbial stability.
Effect on Catalytic Activity and Characterization of Content of V2O5-WO3 by Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Yang Mei , Ou Ben , Yan Li Jun
Published: December 2011

The honeycomb cordierite, loaded with carrier TiO2 by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD), was to produce the V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalyst by impregnation process. The paper presents the effect of the content of V2O5 and WO3 on the catalyst by analyzing the microstructure and ingredients of catalyst by means of SEM, BET, XRD and EDS. The results show that the BET of the catalyst composed by 2.1%V2O5-8.2%WO3/TiO2 is 854.33m²•g-1 , Its hole area is 73.56 m2•g-1, the average pore size is 9.8nm,the main phase is Mg2Al4Si5O18,anatase-TiO2 and WO3.The distribution of vanadium monomer on the carrier TiO2 prepared by APCVD is monolayer, and minim particle is acicular. The NO removal rate (ηNO/%) of the catalyst with 2.1%V2O5 and 8.2%WO3 achieves 98.9%.
Effects of Promoters on Properties of Cu-Zn-Al Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde to Cinnamyl Alcohol
Authors: Li Chang You , Li Xiao Yan , Guo Yi Fei
Published: December 2011

Cu-Zn-Al catalyst was modified by the additives such as Ni and Mn, and the prepared catalyst was employed in the selective catalytic hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde. The results showed that the addition of Ni could improve catalytic activity significantly, moreover, the improving effect was highest when Zn was replaced by Ni, simultaneously leading to excessive hydrogenation. The Cu-(5%)Mn-Zn-Al catalyst exhibited a higher selectivity of 93.6% for C = O bond to cinnamyl alcohol and hydrogenation activity of 33.0% conversion at 130°C under 1.0 MPa of H2 pressure with the reaction time of 1 h. TPR and XRD characterization showed that Mn promoter was favorable for the growth of Cu0 fine grains on the surface of catalyst, which not only led to steric effect which improved the selectivity for cinnamyl alcohol, but also reduced the numbers of active centers, consequently decreased the reaction rate.
Effects of Reaction Temperature on Hydrocracking of Asphaltene over NiMo/γ-Al2O3
Authors: Zhao Ying Xian , Shen Bo
Published: December 2011

The hydrocracking of a pentane-insoluble asphaltene over NiMo/γ-Al2O3 at 623 - 703 K was investigated. The second order kinetic equation fits experimental data of asphaltene conversion adequately, giving the apparent activation energy to be 144 kJ/mol over the temperature range. Average molecular weight of liquid product was reduced significantly with increasing temperature.
Engineering Study on the Nutrient Removal Process of ECOSUNIDE
Authors: Li Yan , Meng Na
Published: December 2011

ECOSUNIDE (ecological superior nitrification denitrification), based on the advanced theories including uniform dynamic, dynamic loading, sludge concentraion optimization, simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, etc., is characterized by high removal efficiency of COD, BOD, nutrient, short total detention period, low operating cost, etc. This process has been successfully applied in the Further Treatment Engineering in Luozhuang of Linyi. The effluent qualities meet the ClassⅠ-A Criteria Specified in Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918-2002).
Experimental Study for ABR to Treat the Domestic Sewage
Authors: Zhao Ji , Shi Yong Sheng , Lu Qi Jun
Published: December 2011

As the Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) is very applicable to the wastewater treatment plant of Chinese small town, we studied about the performance of ABR at different Hydraulic Retention Times (HRTs) 、the degradation effect of the four compartments of ABR and the effect of temperature to the degradation, to offer the useful reference and instruction for actual operation.
Extraction and Purification of Astaxanthin from Shrimp Shell with Alkaline-Organic-Solvent Method
Authors: Liu Hong Chao , Li Peng , Wang Guang , Yu He Ping , Zeng Zong Qiang , Yang Dan
Published: December 2011

The Alkaline-organic-solvent Method was employed to extract astaxanthin from shrimp shell in this work. The results demonstrated that the optimum extraction temperature was 20°C, the optimum ratio of extraction agent to sample is 1:3. Centrifugal thin layer chromatography was used to purify the astaxanthin and the optimum developer was petroleum, acetone and methanol (14:5:1). The FT-IR spectra and the HPLC analysis both demonstrated the purified substance was identical with standard astaxanthin and the content of astaxanthin account for 55.4%.
In Vitro Antitumor Activities of Low Molecular Sea Cucumber Stichopus japonicus Peptides Sequentially Hydrolyzed by Proteases
Authors: Zhou Xiao Qiu , Wang Chang Hai , Jiang Ai Li
Published: December 2011

The sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) was continuously hydrolyzed by pepsin, trypsin to get sea cucumber peptides (SCP), and low molecular peptides (LSCP), MW < 3000 Da, were collected through an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 3000 Da Two main fractions, LSCP-1 and LSCP-2 were obtained by one step gel filtration column chromatography. Furthermore, the antitumor activities, in vitro, of LSCP-1 and LSCP-2 fractions were evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. LSCP-2 showed significantly antitumor activity against the SGC-7901 and MCF-7 cell lines, LSCP-1 showed significantly antitumor activity only against SGC-7901 cell line, and two fractions did not show activity against A549 cell line. Overall, this study indicated that LSCP posseses potential to treat gastric cancer and breast cancer.
Microencapsulation of Styrene/Epoxydiacrylate via In Situ Polymerization of Melamine-Formaldehyde
Authors: Wang Hai Ping
Published: December 2011

Microcapsules containing the mixture of styrene and epoxydiacrylate (St/E51-AA) for use in self-healing thermoplastic composites were synthesized by in-situ polymerization using melamine-formaldehyde (MF) as shell materials. The microcapsules were prepared in two consecutive steps, emulsification of St/E51-AA in water and then, encapsulation. The chemical structure of microcapsule was identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), respectively. Morphology and shell wall thickness of microcapsule were observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effect of dispersion rates, through a limited range, was carefully examined on the particle size and core content of microcapsules. It was found that styrene/ epoxydiacrylate-loaded microcapsules were successfully prepared through the proposed technical route, and their mean diameters fell in the range of 36~110 μm. Both core content and microcapsule size can be adjusted by selecting different dispersion rates. The highest loading of St/E51-AA in the resultant microcapsules can be about 85%. In terms of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), thermal behavior and storage stability of the capsules were studied.
N-Doped Cu11O2 (VO4)6 Photocatalyst Prepared by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Wang Min , Liu Qiong , Xing Qi
Published: December 2011

The N-doped Cu11O2 (VO4)6 photocatalyst was prepared using the sol-gel method. Techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) have been employed to characterize the as-synthesized materials. During liquid phase photocatalytic degradation of Methy lorange(MO) under the UV-light, the as-prepared N-doped Cu11O2 (VO4)6 exhibits higher activity than the pure Cu11O2 (VO4)6 without doped N. It found that the N-doped Cu11O2 (VO4)6 prepared with the molar ratio of citric acid to metal inons be 2:1, N/Cu molar ratio of 12%, pH=7 and calcinated under 500°C for 4 hours was pure triclinic phase. In this conditions, the sample had highest photocatalytic activity with the photodegradation rate was about 94.42% or so in 60min under 20W ultraviolet lamp.
New Progress of Plate Model of Chromatogram: Five Distinct Plate Numbers
Authors: Zhang Da Li , Ke Jia Jun , Lu Li Zhu
Published: December 2011

The five plate numbers were peak plate number (q’), slip-mechanism plate number (q), theoretical plate number (n0), real plate number (n) and plate-model plate number (q0). Slip mechanism was introduced into plate model and then a new equation of elution curve was deduced. The relational expression of five plate numbers was deduced through the new equation. Peak plate number and slip-mechanism plate number were new plate numbers derived from slip mechanism, and the physical pictures of them was discussed. Peak plate number would be regarded as an asymmetry index of peak, as column plate number is regarded as an efficiency index of column.
Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Characteristic of Oxidation Ditch
Authors: Wei W.L. , Lv B. , Liu Y.L.
Published: December 2011

A numerical simulation study of the hydrodynamics of oxidation ditch is presented. The numerical method is based on a pressure-correction algorithm of the SIMPLE-type. A multigrid technique based on the full approximation storage (FAS) scheme is employed to accelerate the numerical convergence, while as a turbulence model the RNG κ-ε model with wall functions is used. The numerical results for velocity, as well as for the pressure distribution in the oxidation ditch are obtained．
pH of N,N-Dimethylformamide in [Bmim][BF4] and [Bmim][PF6] Ionic Liquids
Authors: Guo Bin , Gao Liang , Duan Er Hong , Ren Ai Ling , Chen Jian Zhong
Published: December 2011

The pH value of binary mixtures containing N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF4]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim][PF6]) ionic liquids over the range of N,N-dimethylformamide mole fraction from (0.1 to 0.9) and temperature range from (293.15 to 338.15) K were measured. The range of pH values of N,N-dimethylformamide and [Bmim][BF4] and [Bmim][PF6] were from (3.42 to 6.50) and (6.98 to 9.74), respectively. Comparison showed that the pH of N,N-dimethylformamide in the two ionic liquids was in sequence: [Bmim][BF4] < [Bmim][PF6] at the same conditions. The temperature dependency of the pH value was correlated using an empirical equation. The correlations gave satisfactory results.
Piemarker Unsaturated Polyester Composite Reinforced with Piemarker Fiber
Authors: Zhang Chen Xi , Huang Hai Bing , Chen Cheng , Wang Wei Hong
Published: December 2011

In this paper, instead of glass fiber, a bio-fiber (piemarker fiber) was used to reinforce unsaturated polyester (UP). UP resin was reinforced with piemarker fiber (PF) in a mold under hot pressing. The mechanical properties of the result composites were tested and hot pressing procedure was optimized. The optimum hot pressing technology was obtained. When hot pressing temperature was 90°C and mat was hot pressed for 1.5h. The mechanical properties of the composites indicated that: the optimum mass ratio of piemarker fiber to UP was 30:70, at which the flexural strength of the composite was 48.77MPa, the tensile strength was 29.082MPa, and the impact strength was 9.89KJ/m2.
Ru-Catalyzed Arene Hydrogenation: A Highly Efficient and Selective Process for Preparing Trans-Trans Isomer of 4,4'-Diamino-Dicyclohexy
Authors: Wang Yu Xiang , Li Dan Dan , Huang Xing , Zhao Ya Juan
Published: December 2011

The selective hydrogenation of 4,4'-methylenedianiline(MDA) over Ru/γ-Al2O3 was investigated in the presence of diamine and base. Under the optimum conditions: the reaction temperature of 448K, H2 pressure of 1100 psig , and reaction time of 5h, the conversion of 4,4'-methylenedianiline was close to 100% and the selectivity to trans-trans isomer of 4,4'-diamino-dicyclohexy was less than 20%.
Solubility and Micronization of Ganciclovir
Authors: Tang Feng Xiang , Zhang Yun , Lin Su Na , Guo Zhong Li
Published: December 2011

Ganciclovir (GCV) is only slightly soluble in water and hence oral GCV gives low absolute bioavailability. Liquid precipitation is an effective way to prepare micro-sized drug particles. The solubility of GCV in several solvents or in aqueous solution at different pH values was determined. According to its solubility behavior, reactive precipitation was suggested as the micronization method of GCV. The mean particle diameter of micronized GCV powder was around 15~20 μm, smaller than that of raw GCV powder, and the size distribution of micronized GCV was narrower than that of raw GCV. The stirring rate, the type and addition of stabilizing agents seemed to have no significant effect on the particle size of micronized GCV. Micronized GCV showed much faster dissolution rate than raw GCV.
Study on Application of the Blends of Nitrile Rubber with Acrylate Rubber in the Coat-Metal Sealing Gasket
Authors: Qiu Zu Min , Qin Chao Yan , Qiu Jun Ming
Published: December 2011

This paper discussed the effect of different blending ratio with BNR and ACM on the mechanical properties, heat resistance, low temperature resistance and oil resistance of coat-metal sealing gasket. The result showed that the comprehensive properties of the NBR/ACM blends at the ratio of 85/15 were preferable to the NBR and ACM, the low temperature resistance and oil resistance of NBR are taken into account. The cost of the blends were lower than the ACM. The blends can be used for coat-metal sealing gasket instead of NBR.
Increase the Mechanical Performance of Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)
Authors: Hou Meng , Tang Xue Gang , Zou Jin , Truss Rowan
Published: December 2011

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and PVDF/Organo-modified layered silicates (OMLSs) nano-composites were prepared by phase inversion technique. Maleic anhydride grafted PVDF (PVDF-MAH), were used to fine tune the interface. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were used to characterize the nanocomposites. Elastic modulus and creep resistance of the PVDF nanocomposites were evaluated according to ASTM D-638. The results showed that both CNTs and OMLSs were good candidates to reinforce the PVDF and the addition of PVDF-MAH enhanced the interface between nanoparticles and PVDF, leading to further increase of mechanical property.
Study on Jet Fuel’s Silver Strip Corrosion Property and its Analytic Technology with Sulfide Compounds
Authors: Tong Li Ping , Fei Yi Wei , Yang Hong Wei
Published: December 2011

This paper studies jet fuel’s silver strip corrosion property and analytic technology with different sulfide compounds, and gives the experimental results of the corrosiveness of sulfide, analytic test of total sulfur and elemental sulfur. And then, the chemical compounds, which lead to jet fuel’s silver strip corrosion, are also researched by the experiments of the acid, the alkali, the water, mercury scrubbing and silver nitrate, and through the analyses of the content of halogen, nitrogen compound, the constitute of corrosion products and XPS spectrum. Therefore, the referencing of these research works is helpful to analyze the existence state of sulfide in jet fuel and provide a theoretic foundation to clarify the reason of jet fuel deterioration and silver strip corrosion.
Study on Microclimate Effect by Revegetation on Concrete Slop in Guandi Hydropower Station
Authors: Xia Zhen Yao , Dai Fang Xi , Chen Jun Ling
Published: December 2011

Taking the method of shotcrete and rock bolt support can effectively keep slope stability and prevent soil erosion, but this method also makes the local microclimate change. This paper is to discuss the microclimate effect of revegetation on concrete slope, which take the excavated slope in Guandi hydropower station as the research object. The results show that, vegetation can significantly reduce the ground temperature and increase humidity on concrete slope, and adjust humidity changes. Especially under the conditions of high temperature in sunny day, the microclimate regulation effect of vegetation on naked slope is more obvious.
Study on Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Ionic Liquids Based on Dialkylimidazolium
Authors: Zhu Hu , Li You Ming , Wan Xiao Fang
Published: December 2011

Controlled microwave irradiation has been employed in the improved process to prepare two main dialkylimidazolium-based ionic liquids: 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium(BMIMCl) and 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AMIMCl). The synthesis process was studied by determining the production yields at certain interval time. Results shown the reaction was accelerated by 8 and 4 times respectively, and production yields were increased by 5.5% and 5.9%. Differences in synthesis between [AMIM]Cl and [BMIM]Cl indicated the improvement of the reaction rate of [BMIM]Cl was clearer because of the inerter reactant. FT-IR and 13C NMR were carried out and results shown the two ionic liquids were successfully synthesized.
Study on Removing the Floating Oil on the Surface of Wood Vinegar
Authors: Wang Yun Jia , Yu Qian , Shen Li Si , Li Jun , Yao Huang , Li Yong Feng , Yu Lin
Published: December 2011

Pure wood vinegar is widely used in industry, agriculture and other areas as regulators, but the wood vinegar which produced usually is filled with oil on the surface .The paper mainly study on removing the floating oil on the surface of wood vinegar,choosing the best surfactant called Tween 80 to removing the floating oil and making wood vinegar in a steady system. By this way, it will not appear oil on the surface of wood vinegar for more than half an year, which will broaden the commercial application of wood vinegar
Study on the Antimicrobial Properties of ZnO Suspension against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria Strains
Authors: Zhang Ling Ling , Chen Bo , Xie Lan Lan , Li Zi Fu
Published: December 2011

Because of the excellent properties and wide applications on nanomaterials, recent years, researchers start to focus on the use of nanomaterials in wastewater treatment. This paper investigated the antimicrobial activities of ZnO against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains – E. coli and Sarcinic pseudomycosis. Growth curves of bacteria strains were used to estimate the antimicrobial activities of ZnO suspensions. This work showed pH values of ZnO suspension did not affect the antimicrobial activities of ZnO. Besides, when treating small number of bacteria slurry, ZnO expressed the killing action. Based on this work, the possible antimicrobial mechanism is also discussed in this paper.
Influence of Adhesive Dimensions on the Transverse Free Vibration of Single-Lap Adhesive Cantilevered Beams
Authors: Xing Bao Ying , He Xiao Cong , Feng Mo Sheng
Published: December 2011

This paper studies the influence of adhesive dimensions on the transverse free vibration of the single-lap adhesive cantilevered beams. The researches are performed by employing software ansys .Efficient analytic results of natural frequencies and mode shapes of transverse free vibration of the beams are provided, corresponding to different adhesive dimensions of bonded thicknesses and bondlines length. Bondlines length has more significant influence on the transverse natural frequencies and the lap joint’s mode shapes of the beams than bonded thickness. The transverse natural frequencies decrease with a decrease in the bondlines length of adhesive, but do not appear to variation observably with a decrease in the bonded thickness. Bondlines length shorting, the lap joint has a sharper mode shape. Simultaneously, the lap joint of even mode shapes influences the dynamic response of the beams significantly. These results indicate a local crack in adhesive layers because of the existence of stress concentration.
Study on the Preparation and Performance of Natural Polygonum Cuspidatum Sieb.et Zucc Pigments Dyed PBS Composite
Authors: Song Jie , Zhang Min , Tian Yuan , An Sha Sha
Published: December 2011

The Polygonum Cuspidatum Sieb.et Zucc natural pigments were extracted and compounded with PBS in this paper. The performances of the pigment and the dyed films were studied. The results showed that: both the natural pigment and the dyed films had good thermal stability. Under the acidic conditions, the absorbance of the pigment changed little. The effect to the dyed films by pH indicated the pigments dissolved out of PBS with the degradation. The antibacterial evaluation demonstrated that the natural pigments had good inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The antibacterial properties of the films were not obvious, but it also revealed that the pigment and PBS had the good compatibility.
Synthesis of a Novel Photochromic Diarylethene for Polarization Multiplexing Holographic Recording
Authors: Wang Li Qin , Pu Shou Zhi , Yan Liu Shui
Published: December 2011

A new unsymmetrical photochromic diarylethene 1-(2,5-dimethylthiophene-3-yl)-2-[(2-n-butyl-5-formyl)thiophene-3-yl]perfluoroncyclopentene(1a), was synthesized and its optoelectronic properties, such as photochromism in solution as well as in poly-methylmethacrylate (PMMA) amorphous films, and the fluorescence spectra of diarylethene 1a was investigated. The photochromic reaction kinetics indicated that the cyclization process of 1a belongs to the zeroth order reaction and the cycloreversion process belongs to the first order reaction. Using diarylethene 1/PMMA film as recording medium and a linearly polarized 633 nm laser diode for recording and readout, polarization multiplexed image recording can be carried out in this film, which illustrated that the diarylethene can be potentially used as holographic optical recording medium.
The Effect of Asymmetrical Electric Double Layer on Pressure of Hydrodynamic Lubricating Film
Authors: Zuo Qi Yang , Ping Huang , Gyimah Glenn Kwabena
Published: December 2011

In this paper, the effect of the asymmetrical electric double layers of two friction surfaces on the pressure distribution in hydrodynamic lubrication regime is discussed. Based on the origin of the streaming potential, a formula to calculate the streaming potential gradient in the lubrication regime is derived. Then, the modified Reynolds equation with considering the asymmetrical electric double layers is used in the numerical analysis. The analysis results show that the asymmetrical electric double layers lead to a significant increase of the pressure when the lubricating film is very thin (below 100 nm). Overall, the larger the sum of the two zeta potentials, the larger the pressure increment is.
The Effects of Treated Wastewater Irrigation on Soil Health
Authors: Yu Yan , Wen Bian , Yang Yan , Lu Zhao Hua
Published: December 2011

The main source of marginal water for agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions in many countries is treated wastewater. The treated wastewater is full of organic matter and nutrients which can be absorbed by soil and plant. But there are several issues to be addressed in reuse of agriculture: acute and cumulative public health; negative effects on crops, soil, and irrigation systems; salinity effects on soil, crop and most critical, the accumulation of salts in soil layers, and in unsaturated aquifers.
The Free-Form Surface Five-Axis Machining Global Interference Detection and Adjustment of Cutter Shaft
Authors: Wu Peng Cheng , Xia Fang Chen , Tu Hai Ning
Published: December 2011

Proposed a construction method of visual cone, to solve the surface 5-axis NC machining tool interference problems with the surface. At any point on the surface structure the visual cone area, according to visual cone determine whether the global tool interference with surface, and correct the tool spindle of interference cutter, solved the global surface and tool interference problems successfully. The application shows, this method is of high efficiency, high precision.
The Instability Mechanism of the Down TuDiLing Landslide
Authors: Li Rong Jian , Xu Qiang , Zheng Wen , Lin Hung Chou
Published: December 2011

By making use of the developed strength reduction finite element codes based on which the matric suction can be considered, the sliding mechanism of the Down TuDiLing slope is analyzed. The results show that the stability of the Down TuDiLing slope is stable under the condition of employing the peak shear strength of soil and the lose of matric suction, but under the condition of the residual shear strength, the safety factor of the slope is decreasing to instability with the weakening of the matric suction, and a local sliding surface occurs. Through the strength reduction finite element computation, the position of the local sliding surface of slope can be differentiated and determined, so the problem of the local sliding should be paid to more attention in the reinforcement design.
Analysis on Degree of Freedom and Singularity of Mechanism Based on Topological Graph Theory
Authors: Luo Jian Guo , He Mao Yan
Published: December 2011

Based on the analysis of current developing state of graph theory, define the description of spacial moving capability of common couples and translation base and rotation base of mechanism, based on the new description method in topological graph theory. DOF(degree of freedom) of hybrid mechanism analysised with example based on the definition of dimensionity of branch spacial moving capability and mechanism spacial moving capability, necessary and sufficient condition of nonsingularity of mechanism presented, as well as the necessary and sufficient condition of singularity of mechanism deduced , in-phase and assimilation condition and in-phase and dissimilarity condition and asynchronism condition of limitation of input base of branch adopted, case number of position singularity and pose singularity and position and pose singularity obtained then, still the way of founding the combination and case number of common serial mechanism and parallel mechanism and hybrid mechanism mentioned.
Nonlinear Blind Source Separation Using GA Optimized RBF-ICA and its Application to the Image Noise Removal
Authors: Wang Xue Mei
Published: December 2011

Today the blind source separation (BSS) algorithms are widely used to separate independent components in a data set based on its statistical properties. Especially in image data applications, the independent component analysis (ICA) based BSS procedure for image pre-processing has been successfully applied for independent component extraction in order to remove the noise signals mixed into the image data. The contribution of this paper refers to the development of a nonlinear BSS method using the radial basis function (RBF) neural network based ICA algorithm, which was built by adopted some modifications in the linear ICA model. Moreover, genetic algorithm (GA) was used to optimize the RBF neural network to obtain satisfactory nonlinear solve of the nonlinear mixing matrix. In the experiments of this work, the GA optimized nonlinear ICA method and other ICA models were applied for image de-noising. A comparative analysis has showed satisfactory and effective image de-noising results obtained by the presented method.
Optimization on Heat Treatment Process of 45CrMnSi Steel by Orthogonal Test
Authors: Tang Guo Zhang , Li Yun Gang , Yang He , Zhang Yu Zhu , Yang Hai Li
Published: December 2011

The effect of quenching temperature, tempering temperature and tempering time on hardness of 45CrMnSi steel was studied by orthogonal test. It was found that the order of significant factors for the hardness was quenching temperature > tempering temperature > tempering time. Based on the results of the range analysis, the optimum process parameters for the maximum hardness were that the quenching temperature was 900°C, the tempering temperature was 150°C, and the tempering time was 180 min. Under the optimum process conditions, the hardness reached to HRC52 with impact toughness of 15 J/cm2. The hardness and toughness met the need of the comprehensive mechanical property and proper toughness of 45CrMnSi.
Photochromism and Optical Recording of a Novel Photochromic Hybrid Diarylethene Bearing an Isoxazole Unit
Authors: Liu Hong Liang , Pu Shou Zhi , Fan Cong Bin , Li Hui
Published: December 2011

A novel photochromic hybrid diarylethene bearing an isoxazole moiety was synthesized and its photochromic and fluorescent properties were also investigated. This compound exhibited good photochromism and functioned as a fluorescence switch upon alternating irradiation with UV and visible light both in solution and in PMMA film. Using this diarylethene 1c as optical storage was performed successfully.
Poisoning Effect of Combined Addition of Fe and Mn on Carbon Inoculation of Mg-3%Al Alloy
Authors: Wang Ming Hua , Du Jun , Li Wen Fang
Published: December 2011

The effect of combined addition of Fe and Mn on carbon inoculation of Mg-3% Al alloy was investigated in the present study. The results show that a posioning effect could be found in the samples treated by the combination of carbon inoculation and combined addition of Fe and Mn regardless of the operating sequence of carbon inoculation and combined addition of Fe and Mn. The posioning effect was proposed to be due to the formation of Al-C-O-Mn-Fe-rich intermetallic compounds. These Al-C-O-Mn-Fe-rich intermetallic compounds, actually being Al-C-Mn-Fe phases, should not act as the potent nucleating substrates for -Mg grains, resulting in the grain-coarsening.
Preparation and Luminescent Properties of Nancrystalline Zro2:Eu3+ by Emulsion Method
Authors: Chen Yan Lin , Yan Ming , Sun Yi Ming , Zhu Jiao Qun
Published: December 2011

Europium-doped nanocrystalline ZrO2: Eu3+ powders with different doped concentrations were prepared by emulsion processing method, with different doped concentration and calcination temperature on the material grain size, structure, size and luminescent properties. The results show that: Eu3+ has a stabilizing effect on tetragonal phase of ZrO2. Emission spectra indicates that the main emission peak in the 593m and 608m, “Blue Shift “will occur in 5D0 → 7F2 transition of the emission spectra of sample with the sintering temperature at 1000°C. Samples with the sintering temperature soaring, spectral emission intensity also increases.
Preparation of ITO Nano-Powder by the Method of Ammonia Complexation
Authors: Sun Li Da , Huang Du Shu , Liu Wei , Jiang Yan , Xiao Rui Min
Published: December 2011

ITO (Indium Tin Oxides) nano-powder was prepared by the method of ammonia complexation. The chemical composition, morphology and crystal structure were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Base on the nucleation and growth mechanism of the powder, the temperature of heat treatment impacting on size and morphology was discussed briefly. The results showed that the nano-ITO powder of particle size 20nm-40nm with well-pleasing particle shape and dispersion can be prepared at 800°C.
Study on Hot Deformation Behavior of TiNiFe Shape Memory Alloy
Authors: Liu Qiang , Yin Xiang Qian , Duan Bo , Shong Sheng Ying , Feng Yao Rong
Published: December 2011

The hot deformation behavior of TiNiFe shape memory alloy were investigated by isothermal single-pass compression on Gleeble-3500 thermal simulator at the temperature range of 800°C to 1050°C and the strain rate range of 0.01s-1 to 10s-1. The results showed that the true stress-strain curves of TiNiFe shape memory alloy increase with decreasing deformation temperature and increasing strain rate, which indicating that the hot deformations of these conditions are dynamic recrystallization. The hot compression deformation of TiNiFe shape memory alloy can be represented by Arrhenius model. The constitutive equation of TiNiFe shape memory alloy under hot compression deformation is calculated by a linear regression analysis. The activation energy for hot deformation of the experimental steel is 202.54kJ/mol.
Synthesis and Characterization of Soybean Oil Based Unsaturated Polyester Resin
Authors: Qin Yan , Jia Jin Rong , Zhao Liang , Huang Zhi Xiong , Zhao Shi Wei , Zhang Guang Wu , Dai Bi Fang
Published: December 2011

A novel soybean oil monoglyceride based unsaturated polyester resin (SOMGUPR) was prepared using two step polymerization with soybean oil,glycerol,1.2-propanediol,maleric anhydride and phthalic anhydride. FT-IR spectroscopy ,Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) and 1H-NMR spectroscopy were employed to study the chemical structure and molecular weight of this unsaturated polyester resin. The results show that 190°C is the optimal temperature to controll the extent of estification reaction.The number-average molecular weight(Mn) decrease with the increasing value of nglycerol:nsoybean oil in SMOGUPR.Also,the side reaction between SOMG and maleric anhydride has not occured as evidenced by 1H-NMR spectroscopy.
Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Photochromic Diarylethene Bearing Methyl Group
Authors: Tong Zhi Peng , Pu Shou Zhi , Cui Shi Qiang
Published: December 2011

A new unsymmetrical photochromic diarylethene 1-(2,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazol)-2-[2-methyl-5-(2-methyl)-3-thienyl]perfluorocyclopentene (1a) has been synthesized. Its photochromic properties in solution and PMMA film were investigated. Diarylethene 1a changed the color from colorless to pink upon irradiation with 297 nm UV light, in which absorption maxima were observed at 518 nm in hexane and at 527 nm in PMMA film, respectively. In hexane solution, the open-ring isomer of the diarylethene 1 exhibited relatively fluorescence at 386 nm when excited at 309 nm.
Temperature-Regulating Properties of Phase Change Fiber Blended Knitted Fabrics after Laundering
Authors: Chen Wei Lai , He Miao Miao , Gao Ying , Wu Xia
Published: December 2011

In order to study the temperature- regulating properties of cotton/mercerized wool/Outlast fiber 50/10/40 blended knitted fabrics after laundering, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses were used to test the thermal properties of the fabrics by varying washing cycles. The results show that the enthalpy of fabrics reduces with the increase of washing cycles. Enthalpy retention rate of fabrics is more than 89% after 30 cycles washing, and still above 80% after 50 cycles washing in cooling process.
Tentative Study on Cultural Features of Traditional Buildings in Wanbei Region
Authors: Jin Nai Ling
Published: December 2011

Wanbei Region has a long history with outstanding people. There are many kinds of remains of the high-grade traditional buildings, which are the precious resources in the development of human history. In the paper, the rich cultural features possessed by Wanbei Region are explored and summed up through analysis on its social factors and natural conditions of the traditional buildings, so as to offer the theoretical basis for tradition and development of traditional architectural cultures in Wanbei Region from the research results.
The Construction of Car Insurance Business Franchise Model
Authors: Che Hui , Wang Xiao Ge
Published: December 2011

Franchise, as the name suggests, is the limit. According to the conditions of the insurance ,the insured should be responsible for the amount of the loss. Because the franchise can eliminate many small claim, and can reduce the premium. Franchise is widely used in the property, health and car insurance. In recent years, with the increasing number of cars, the number of traffic accidents, more and more, accompanied by the insurance market is also maturing. In the traffic accident is the role played by the insurance can not be ignored, and in the prevention of traffic accidents on the insurance companies also have their own role - deductibles. Deductibles allow car drivers to pay more attention to traffic laws, thereby reducing the occurrence of small incidents. The establishment of the quota-free profit is to reduce claims cost insurance companies an important tool. However, the deductible value of the determination is caused by the strong reflection of the community, but also increased the insurance company and the conflict between clients. This article through to one insurance company three years of the data and found that the claim, and statistical law claims its three-year claims the results. But at the same time, through the establishment of mathematical formula, get a franchise values.
The Cyclic Oxidation Behavior of Ti2AlN and Ti2AlN/TiN Composites
Authors: Yan Ming , Chen Yan Lin , Chang Ying , Jiang Jiu Xin
Published: December 2011

The cyclic oxidation behavior of Ti2AlN and Ti2AlN/TiN composites were investigated at 800°C, 900°C and 1000°C. The phase composition, thickness of oxidation layer and element content of samples were investigated by XRD and SEM coupled with EDS. The cyclic oxidation behaviors generally follow a parabolic rate law, with good thermal shock resistance. The antioxidation property of Ti2AlN/TiN composite is better than Ti2AlN. Oxidation process of single-phase Ti2AlN is composed by the outward diffusion of Al3+ and Ti4+, and inward diffusion of oxygen. Oxidation process of Ti2AlN/TiN composite consists of two parts: firstly, the oxidation of TiN, the oxidation temperature is 500°C; the second step is the oxidation of Ti2AlN, carried out in the 800-1000 °C.
The Microstructure and Properties of 304L Stainless Honeycombs Fabricated by Extruding and Sintering
Authors: Zhou Yun , Peng Huang , Xuan Meng , Zuo Xiao Qing
Published: December 2011

Pure 304L powder is used to mix with an additive to prepare a powder mixed paste. 304L honeycombs are fabricated by extruding the powder mixed paste, then dried and sintered. When sintering at 1150°C, 30minite, powder particles bind together and become grains. The structure parameters of and properties of sintered honeycombs were obtained by measuring and calculating. Results show that wall thickness 0.15~0.20mm, cell number (1/in2) 330~365, clear cross section (%) 73~79, specific surface Sv(sq m/cu dm）2.52~2.68; specific heat capacity Cp(J/g.K) 0.6~0.7, heat conductivity κ(W/m.K) 10~12; transverse compression strength 40~50 Mpa, longitudinal compression strength 140~150 Mpa. SEM/EDS analysis shows that the surface of sintered honeycombs is really rough, the structure of sintered honeycombs consists of matrix phase α-Fe(Cr,Ni) , complex compounds of silicon, iron and inclusion elements distributed in matrix . There is oxide film forming on surface of sintered honeycombs.
The Vehicle License Plate Localization System Based on LabVIEW
Authors: Yuan Yu , Li Cong Ming , Li Bao Liang
Published: December 2011

License plate recognition is an important application topic of computer vision and pattern recognition technology in intelligent transportation field. Recognition system, which can automatically extract the license plate and segment the characters from an image, then recognize the characters, is a special computer vision system based on specific targets for the object. Generally, the system consists of hardware and software. In recent years, with the rapid development of LabVIEW software, LabVIEW not only has powerful data processing function, but also provides a lot of various kits. This paper is mainly to complete the functions of image preprocessing, license plate localization and license plate segmentation etc., by processing acquired image based on LabVIEW software programming.
Thermoplastic Deformation Behavior of 4032 Al Alloy
Authors: Hu Huie , Kong Xiao Dong , Shao Zhen Hai , Wang Xin Yun
Published: December 2011

The effect of processing temperature and strain on microstructure and mechanics property of 4032 Al alloy was performed with hot extrusion experiment and finite element method. The results show that the primary silicon distributes more uniformly along with the increase of strain at a certain deformation temperature, and the tensile stress and elongation have less variation. However, elongation decreases obviously when the strain are higher than 70%. At a certain strain, tensile strength increases and elongation decreases when deformation temperature are higher than 400 °C. Primary silicon also grows obviously. Finally, finite element calculated load data testified the experimental results.
Activity Changes of Several Enzymes during Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Decortication by Fermentation Using Bacillus subtilis CICC10076 and Natural Water Retting
Authors: Hou Yuan Yuan , Liu Si Xin , Xiong Hai Bo , Li Cong Fa
Published: December 2011

The activity changes of pectinases, xylanase and cellulase during pepper (Piper nigrumL.) decortication by fermentation usingBacillus subtilisCICC10076 and natural water retting were investigated. The results showed that the activities of all the enzymes remained at much lower levels in the natural retting water than those in the fermentation broth of Bacillus subtilis CICC10076. The activities of xylanase and cellulase in both the retting water and fermentation broth remained at very low levels, which suggested that xylanase and cellulase play little role in pepper decortication. ForBacillus subtilisCICC10076, pectin esterase activities reached the peak at 36h, pectin lyase activities peaked at 12h and 54h, respectively. Polygalacturonase activities peaked at 12h first and increased rapidly again from 54h. It suggested that pectinases were the major enzymes for pepper decortication.
Amphetamine-Induced Locomotion and Brain Stimulation Reward Research and Applications
Authors: Liu Yi Xuan
Published: December 2011

Amphetamine, a dopamine agonist, has an effect on increasing dopamine level in certain brain regions, like the nucleus accumben and the ventral tegmental area (Yoshida et al., 1992). Hence, it increases reward-related functions. In the current study, we examined the changes in the frequency of locomotion in previously habituated mice after 3mg/kg amphetamine injections. In the same way, we also monitored the changes in bar pressing rates of previously trained rates after 2mg/kg amphetamine injections. Though not showing a significant statistical result, both graphs and discussions supported that amphetamine injection increased horizontal quadrants crossings compared with saline injection. While the amphetamine administration increased bar press rate in previously trained rats at low frequencies, it led the rats to fewer bar presses at higher frequencies compared with both the baseline and the saline condition. The results of both experiments consistent with past studies which claim that amphetamine acts as a dopaminergic agonist and increases reinforcing capacity through enhancement of dopaminergic transmission (Gallistel & Karras, 1984).
Analysis of DNMT1 Gene Polymorphisms in Sporadic Wilms Tumor
Authors: Bai Rui , Hu Xiao Li , Zhao Lin Sheng , Geng Xin , Zhang Wei Ming
Published: December 2011

To detect two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNMT1 gene and the expression of corresponding region (1aa-120aa) in Wilms tumor (WT) and normal kidney tissue and analyze the association of polymorphism with clinicopathological parameters. Genomic DNA was extracted from tumor and normal tissues. PCR was used to amplify two SNP sites (rs16999593 and rs75616428 from the coding region of DNMT1). The PCR products were sequenced and genotyped. The protein expression of the first 120 aa of DNMT1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Among 25 cases whose genotypes and gene frequencies studied, 18 cases of heterozygosity and 2 cases of homozygosity were identified. The region of the first 120 aa of DNMT1 was expressed in epithelial cells in normal kidney tissue, but was upregulated in tumors. The rs16999593 polymorphism might be used as a risk factor for WT diagnosis.
Application of PLC in the Flue Gas Detection
Authors: Yao Gang , Qing Shan , Yang Zhi Fang , Wang Hua , He Ping
Published: December 2011

Using the Siemens PLC programmable controller will analyzer output analog signals into digital signals, through RS232 realization transmission flow. The existing problems of the heating flue gas and dust system, the advantages of PLC, and the preliminary selection of hardware configuration, etc. are mainly discussed in this paper.
Effect of Internal Recycle Ratio on the Phosphorus Removal Efficiency of Anaerobic/Anoxic/Oxic (A2/O) to Low Concentration of Organic Substance Wastewater
Authors: Wang Ning , Jiang Ying He , Li Bo Fu
Published: December 2011

In the pilot-scale plant, the effect of internal recycle ratios (300%, 200%, 100%, and 0%) on the biological phosphorus removal was represented. The denitrifying phosphorus removal in anoxic tank was improved with low internal recycle, under the inhibition of high concentration of NOx-N. To low level strength wastewater (average COD 185.6 mg/L, average BOD 115.2 mg/L), the low level carbon source maintained the relatively steady phosphorus removal rates.