bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perforated diverticulitis in a patient with very proximal jejunal diverticula
Authors: Constantinos Avgoustou  , Dimitrios Velecheris
Published: May 2021

Background: We report a case of an elderly with peritonitis due to perforated jejunal diverticulitis, and we highlight the diagnostic evaluation and treatment alternatives. Case presentation: A 92-year-old woman was transferred to the Emergency Dept. with abdominal pain and vomiting for the past 12 hours. Physical examination revealed diffuse pain, abdominal distension, rebound tenderness and bowel silence. She was febrile, tachycardic, tachypneic, hypotensive and anuric. Blood gas estimation showed metabolic acidosis. She fulfilled the criteria of septic shock. At presentation, she was mildly malnourished. From her medical history, she had cardiac arrythmias, hypertension and diabetes mellitus under proper medication, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Laboratory investigations revealed Hct 44.6%, WBC 12.500/dL, glucose 300 mg/dL, creatinine 2.8 mg/dL, CRP 405 mg/L, and electrolyte deficit. Abdominal X-ray showed gastric, small intestinal and colonic gas, with no pneumoperitoneum or air-fluid levels. Chest/abdomen CT showed thickening of proximal jejunal loop and adjacent mesentery, and an extraluminal air bubble, suggesting possible perforation. The patient was given intense resuscitation and broad-spectrum antibiotics and underwent emergency laparotomy. Results: Four jejunal diverticula, sized 1-3 cm, were confined to a segment 12 cm long, located 6 cm from the Treitz ligament; the proximal diverticula was inflamed and perforated. The adjacent mesentery was inflamed and thickened; the bowel lumen remained open. We performed one-layer full-thickness suturing of the perforated diverticulum and omental patch closure. The patient was transferred intubated to ICU. E. Coli was isolated from peritoneal fluid cultures and antibiotic therapy was adjusted to antibiogram. The patient had a first bowel movement at day 5 and was extubated at day 21. She needed mild cardiopulmonary support and was discharged at day 30. Conclusions: Jejunal diverticulitis is a challenging disorder since its rarity makes diagnosis difficult and, thus delayed. The perforation of jejunal diverticulitis requires emergent surgery and poses technical dilemmas.
Robotic Heller-Dor myotomy: 10-year monocentric experience compared with POEM
Authors: Virginia Gallo  , Jacopo Viganò  , Luigi Pugliese  , Raffaele Fellegara  , Giuseppe Tartaglia  , Marika Sharmayne Milani  , Andrea Peri
Published: May 2021

Achalasia is a rare motility disorder caused by an incomplete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter and loss of esophageal peristalsis. As a consequence, the bolus swallowing is hindered and the patients complain dysphagia, regurgitation, chest pain, respiratory symptoms and weight loss. Achalasia’s treatment has been varied over time, from therapies aiming to relax the lower sphincter of the esophagus, including drugs and Botox injection or mechanical dilatations, to surgical myotomy. Robotic or laparoscopic Heller-Dor procedure is considered the gold standard surgical treatment for symptomatic achalasia as it is proved to be effective and safe. As an alternative, Per-Oral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) was applied over the past decade, aiming to combine the same results of mini-invasive procedure to the advantages of endoscopic approach. In this study, we are going to compare the medium-long term results of mini-invasive Heller-Dor procedure, routinely performed in our Department, with those of POEM reported in literature.
Esophagogastric premalignant conditions. A literature review
Authors: Marina Troian  , Carlo Nagliati  , Alessandro Balani
Published: May 2021

Esophagogastric cancers are serious malignancies with high mortality and low overall survival for advanced tumors. Detection of premalignant lesions and early treatment of malignant lesions are of paramount importance. Precancerous esophagogastric conditions develop from interaction between environmental and genetic factors. Chronic irritation and inflammation may result in metaplasia, increased mutations, cellular atypia, and altered function (dysplasia). Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is one of the most important risk factors for gastric carcinogenesis, but other environmental factors (e.g. alcohol, tobacco, nitrites, infection) and autoimmune disorders play a role as well. Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) usually arises in the distal esophagus and is linked to obesity, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Barrett’s esophagus (BE). Squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) typically occurs in the presence of risk factors causing chronic inflammation (e.g. tobacco, alcohol abuse, achalasia, tylosis). Highquality endoscopic imaging is of primary importance in the diagnosis and assessment of premalignant and early malignant esophagogastric lesions. Biological markers such as aberrant p53 protein expression may be associated with increased risk of malignant transformation of precancerous lesions; however, none of those biomarkers has been validated for either diagnosis or risk stratification yet.
Offline Handwritten Text Recognition and Signature Verification
Authors: Arai Rehaan Sajjad , A Skanda Shanubog , Jain Rithik , Kumar Pushkar , Sandyal Krupashankari
Published: May 2021

Offline Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) is one of the most interesting challenges in today's date in the field of Image processing. This paper introduces a novel technique to recognize the handwritten text by using Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network along with Connectionist Temporal Classification. This model makes use of the IAM dataset. Offline Signature Verification (SV) is another challenging task in the field of biometrics. This paper demonstrates a novel technique to verify the signature as an original or forged one, and makes use of the Convolutional Siamese network.
Saggio introduttivo. Critica del fordismo e dinamiche del potere nella ricerca transnazionale di Bruno Trentin (1926-2007)
Authors: Cruciani Sante
Published: May 2021

The essay traces Bruno Trentin's political biography and intellectual research from a transnational perspective. Through the work notebooks (1953-1995), the diaries on the CGILGeneral Secretary (1988-1994), the activity in the European Parliament (1999-2004) and the following two years, the elaboration of The Freedom Comes First(2005) is rooted in a long term criticism against the subalternity of the communist and social-democratic culture to the Fordist model. It is also based on the necessity of a libertarian socialism, based on the centrality of the person and on the unavoidable link between work and knowledge. What stands outis the originality of Trentin's political thought, the intellectual circuit in which his research is developed and his vision of a federal Europe in the international system following the Cold War and the aftermath of September 11th, 2001.
Il laboratorio intellettuale di Bruno Trentin (2001-2006)
Authors: Cruciani Sante
Published: May 2021

A selection of Trentin’sdiaries from 2001-2006, some unpublished pages on his political activity in the European Parliament and the elaboration of The Freedom Comes First: these works allow us to enter Bruno Trentin's intellectual laboratory and to follow, from the inside, the editing of the essays and the realization of the volume. Public and private intertwine in a melee with a heavy depression, which demands to "cope with death by accelerating the production of writings that can clarify or conclude my testimony." The notes on the Italian and international situation after September 11th, 2001, the American intervention in Iraq in 2003 and the European Constitution project are significant. The section is completed by some coeval political interventions, including the last article of July 2006 on meritocracy and the affirmation of individual rights.
ALTERIDADE COMO DIMENSÃO ÉTICO-POLÍTICA DA PRÁXIS DE ANTONIO GRAMSCI
Authors: Reis Claudio
Published: May 2021

Neste trabalho são ressaltados, a partir dos Escritos Políticos d[1]e Antonio Gramsci, os elementos que compõem uma concepção de alteridade fundamental para o avanço do movimento operário e dos grupos subalternos. Para o autor italiano, a construção de uma nova configuração ético-moral humana é necessária para a concretização do projeto direcionado a um novo mundo. Novas relações, novos sentimentos e novos valores, são indispensáveis para a organização de uma nova vida integral. Para tanto, a alteridade é ponto-chave. É por meio dela que se viabiliza grande parte dos processos voltados para a efetivação do amplo e complexo conjunto de situações favoráveis às classes e aos grupos dominados pela ordem burguesa. A alteridade é uma dimensão ético-política da práxis de Antonio Gramsci e o objetivo deste texto é demonstrá-la.
ANTONIO GRAMSCI, O HOMEM FILÓSOFO
Authors: Machado Marília Gabriella
Published: May 2021

Resenha de "Antonio Gramsci, O Homem Filósofo: Uma Biografia Intelectual. "
A HEGEMONIA E OS “SUBALTERNOS”: UTOPIA, RELIGIÃO, DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Frosini Fabio
Published: May 2021

A minha exposição se divide em quatro seções. A primeira será dedicada a ilustrar aquela que chamarei “hegemonia pós-jacobina” nos Cadernos do cárcere. O ponto de partida será, portanto, a tentativa de demonstrar a presença, nos Cadernos, não de uma, mas de duas noções de hegemonia. A primeira delas – aquela “jacobina” – corresponde a passagem do econômico-corporativo ao hegemônico e a primazia da “cultura”. A segunda, própria da sociedade de massa e padronizada dos anos vinte e trinta, aparece como um entrelaçamento indissolúvel de aspectos progressivos e regressivos, resumidos na fórmula paradoxal de “revolução passiva”. A segunda seção colocará em foco esta nova situação, caracterizada como uma espécie de “duplo assédio” ou assédio recíproco: das massas ao Estado e vice-versa e então de polaridade constituída pela burocratização e pela democratização, como dois aspectos presentes na hegemonia “capilar” e “difusa” das sociedades do pós-guerra. A terceira seção se concentrará sobre as condições ideológicas nas quais se desenvolve a nova luta hegemônica. Nela, a religião, enquanto forma de contato maciço entre governantes e governados, assume um papel decisivo, seja como forma de governo, seja como modalidade de resistência. O quarto capítulo, por fim, enfocando as reflexões de Gramsci sobre o conceito de “mito”, como gramática da política de massas, explora as possíveis conexões entre mito e democracia, articulando, assim, os temas tratados respectivamente na terceira e na segunda seção.
OVERVIEW OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING APPLICATIONS
Authors: Borisov Vladislav , Pudalov Aleksey
Published: May 2021

Several examples of training applications for smartphones are considered as possible ways to gain knowledge and skills. The key features of their design are highlighted and their strengths and weaknesses are analyzed
INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR SUPPORT OF WORK ON VERIFICATION AND CALIBRATION OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
Authors: Golovkova Elena , Gapotchenko Violetta
Published: May 2021

The article describes the main software blocks of the information system developed

by the authors to support the work on verification and calibration of measuring instruments, presents a

diagram of its use cases, and lists the main advantages of using it
DEVELOPMENT OF A LABORATORY STAND FOR MONITORING THE CONTENT OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES IN THE AIR OF THE WORKING AREA
Authors: Kolmogorov Aleksey , Konstantinov Il'ya
Published: May 2021

The purpose and objectives for the development of a laboratory stand for monitor ing the content of flammable gases in the air of the working area are formulated, the developed layout

of the front panel of the stand is presented.
POLY-1-VINYL-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE AND PHENOL-2,4-DISULFONIC ACID COMPLEX AS THE BASIS OF ION-EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FOR FUEL CELLS
Authors: Bel'kovich Anastasiya , Lebedeva Oksana
Published: May 2021

In this study, the properties of the polymer membrane for hydrogen fuel cells were

investigated.The membrane was based on poly-1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole and phenol-2,4-disulfonic acid in

three stoichiometric ratios. The highest proton conductivity index was demonstrated by the PVT-FDSA

sample (10:90% wt.) – 5.98·10-2 S/cm.
IMPLEMENTATION OF CROSS-PLATFORM SIMULATION SERVER OF CTC
Authors: Krivov Maksim , Nechaeva Elena
Published: May 2021

The structure of the cross-platform server of the computer simulator platform is considered.
ABOUT THE OPTIMAL LOCATION OF FIRE PROTECTION UNITS
Authors: Senotova Svetlana
Published: May 2021

Recommendations have been developed on the location of fire departments in the

city of Usolye-Sibirskoye
CLUSTER ANALYSIS AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN THE "STADIA" PACKAGE
Authors: Harchenko Dar'ya , Harchenko Stepan , Istomin Andrey
Published: May 2021

The review of methods of the cluster analysis
DETERMINING THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF PISTON MACHINES BASED ON THE RESULTS OF MEASURING THE ANGULAR SPEED OF THE SHAFT
Authors: El'hutov Sergey , Lavrik Aleksandr
Published: May 2021

A method for determining the technical condition of piston-type machines is pro posed. The method is based on measuring the deviations of the angular velocity of the piston machine

shaft depending on the angle of its rotation. In order to test the efficiency of the proposed method, a

prototype of a device for measuring the angular velocity of a shaft has been developed. Trial meas urements of the angular velocity of the rotating shaft were carried out.
MODEL OF THE COST OF THE HEATING SYSTEM "WARM FLOOR"
Authors: Kuz'min Sergey , Kudel'kin Leonid
Published: May 2021

A mathematical model for estimating the cost of the "warm floor" heating system is

presented.
MODELING OF DEMAND FOR URBAN FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION IN CONDITIONS OF LIMITED DATA AVAILABILITY
Authors: Lebedeva Ol'ga
Published: May 2021

The approaches to the process of modeling the demand in urban freight transporta tion in conditions of limited availability of adequate data are considered. The main task is to select a

model for creating a reliable system for analyzing urban freight traffic. Demand assessment models

were chosen as input data because they are the most representative for assessing urban freight

transport performance
MAIN FACTORS INFLUENCING THE CHOICE OF TRANSPORTATION METHOD
Authors: Poltavskaya Yuliya
Published: May 2021

An overview of the factors influencing the choice between intermodal and unimodal

modes of transportation is presented. Determining the ranges of equally advantageous transportation

distances will increase the stability of the transport system, considering the technical and operational

characteristics of modes of transport
THE EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF "YOKAI" IN JAPANESE CULTURE
Authors: Panchuk Ekaterina , Alekseeva Alena
Published: May 2021

THE EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF "YOKAI" IN JAPANESE

CULTURE
ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES OF ROAD ACCIDENTS OF THE FEDERAL FIRE SERVICE
Authors: Butina Nadezhda , Filippova Tamara
Published: May 2021

The causes of road accidents with serious consequences are considered: death and

injuries of people due to the fault of firefighters.
QUALITY OF LIFE AS AN INDICATOR OF THE SUSTAINABILITY OF SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: D'yakovich Marina
Published: May 2021

The question of a systematic approach to the study of the sustainability of socioecological systems using indicators of the quality of life is considered
SUBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH RISK FACTORS BY CHEMICAL WORKERS PRODUCTIONS
Authors: D'yakovich Marina , Rybina Tat'yana
Published: May 2021

The results of the study of the assessment of factors that can adversely affect

health by the workers of chemical production in the Republic of Belarus are considered. The analysis

of subjective assessments is carried out. Further analytical research is justified.
TO THE QUESTION OF PROTECTION OF PERSONNEL FROM HARMFUL SUBSTANCES IN THE PRODUCTION OF COKE AND PETROLEUM BITUMEN
Authors: Lenok Snezhana , Pankov Vladimir
Published: May 2021

Measures to protect workers from the effects of harmful substances at a coke and

petroleum bitumen production unit are considered.
EXCLUSION OF ACCELERATED CORROSION WEAR BY REPLACING THE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL
Authors: Dement'ev Anatoliy , Podoplelov Evgeniy , Lavrenyuk Nikita
Published: May 2021

A method of eliminating corrosion due to the presence of hydrogen sulfide by re placing the structural material with a material resistant to the effects of particularly aggressive envi ronments is considered
EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF PRIMARY SCHOOL'S STUDENTS
Authors: Grin Nadezhda
Published: May 2021

One of the main tasks of primary school is to background of development the main

competences. The modern model of education implies the high technology of imagination progress,

literacy and other basic children’s abilities. The pupils’ activity, their ability to work in a team is the

guarantee of success
FEATURES OF COMMERCIAL LENDING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CRISIS
Authors: Bychkova Gul'fira
Published: May 2021

A tool for managing commercial lending is proposed – a financial model that allows

you to justify the amount of discounts and, if necessary, to model the situation to achieve a balance of

interests of the parties.
COMPUTATIONAL NMR OF CARBOHYDRATES: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND, APPLICATIONS, AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Krivdin Leonid
Published: May 2021

A review of the main trends and prospects in the field of stereochemical analysis

of carbohydrates using computational NMR is carried out
IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE FUEL AND LIMIT GAS DRYING PLANT
Authors: Mashina Anastasiya , Dement'ev Anatoliy , Podoplelov Evgeniy
Published: May 2021

The paper proposes a solution to the problem of reducing corrosion wear of the

pipeline for hydrogen sulfide gas caused by the accumulation of ammonium salts during the pipeline

operation. The possibility of retrofitting the existing process diagram of the fuel and limit gas drying

unit with an absorption unit was considered, as well as the absorption column was calculated and its

main geometric dimensions were determined
PERSPECTIVE SULFUR-CONTAINING ORGANOPHOSPHORUS EXTRACTANTS OF HEAVY METALS
Authors: Nalibaeva Araylym , Bishimbaeva Gauhar , Gusarova Nina , Verhoturova Svetlana , Trofimov Boris , Zhanabaeva Asem , Abdikalykov Erlan
Published: May 2021

The possibility and prospects of using tertiary phosphine sulfides synthesized on the

basis of on affordable and secondary raw materials as effective extractants of heavy metals have

been investigated
PROTECTION OF PIPELINE FOR PUMPING HYDROGEN-CONTAINING GAS UNDER PRESSURE AGAINST LOW-TEMPERATURE HYDROGEN CORROSION
Authors: Neudachin Anton , Kovalyuk Elena
Published: May 2021

One of the causes of pipeline corrosion and a way to solve it are considered
INVOLVEMENT OF RESIDUAL GAS OF MEMBRANE HYDROGEN SEPARATION UNIT IN RAW OF STEAM CONVERSION
Authors: Shvalev Egor , Kuzora Igor' , Dubrovskiy Dmitriy
Published: May 2021

For a more qualified use of the residual gas formed during the separation of hydro gen from a hydrogen-containing gas, a scheme was proposed for its processing together with hydro carbon gases (HCG) in the process of steam conversion. At the same time, it became possible to re pair the HCG pipeline without stopping production, was reached HCG savings and received additional

amount of hydrogen, the products (split gas) corresponded to standards.
JOURNAL WRITING: A TECHNIQUE TO ENHANCE SELF ESTEEM OF THE PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS
Authors: Dr. Archana V Katgeri
Published: May 2021

Teachers are the pillars of education system. They are in direct contact with the young students on day-to-day basis who can be moulded and shaped in the right way at an impressionable age. Teachers have a phenomenal influence on the minds of the students. Teachers’ well-being has a great impact on students’ well-being. Thus, it is imperative for the teachers to hold high self-esteem as they are the role models for their students. Also, in turn they can successfully prepare the students in developing positive self-esteem. Hence training the prospective teachers in ways to build high self-esteem is the need of the hour. With this objective in mind an experimental study was conducted to enhance the self-esteem of the prospective teachers. An intervention program was put into effect which included the technique of journal writing to enhance the self-esteem. The major findings of the study showed that the intervention program has brought a remarkable change with respect to the self-esteem of the prospective teachers. The journal writing technique has helped the participants to critically reflect on their thoughts, views, beliefs, and actions. Thereby giving them an opportunity to bring a change and improvement in their future behaviour.
KEY WORDS: - Journal writing, Self Esteem, Prospective Teachers.
An application of a fixed point theorem in cone metric spaces for solving differential equations
Authors:   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE FACULTY OF SCIENCES NORTH UNIVERSITY CENTER AT BAIA MARE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF CLUJ-NAPOCA VICTORIEI 76, 430122 BAIA MARE, ROMANIA E-mail address: lauranmonica@yahoo.com, LAURAN MONICA , HORVAT-MARC ANDREI ,   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE FACULTY OF SCIENCES NORTH UNIVERSITY CENTER AT BAIA MARE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF CLUJ-NAPOCA VICTORIEI 76, 430122 BAIA MARE, ROMANIA  E-mail address: andrei.horvatmarc@unbm.ro
Published: May 2021

In this paper we establish sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solutions for third order differential equations using a fixed point theorem in cone metric space. The presented result is based on some properties of invertible operators and extends several well-known comparable results in the literature.
Rein’s trajectories for the restricted three-body problem. Application to the Earth-Moon system
Authors:   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BROCKPORT 350 NEW CAMPUS DR. BROCKPORT, NY, 14420, USA E-mail address: mbarbosu@brockport.edu, BARBOSU MIHAI , OPROIU TIBERIU ,   ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORY CIRESILOR 19, 400487 CLUJ-NAPOCA, ROMANIA E-mail address: toproiu@yahoo.com
Published: May 2021

This paper presents trajectories of a spacecraft moving in the gravitational field given by Rein’s model for the restricted three-body problem. For various initial conditions, closed orbits are determined using Maple’s numerical capabilities for ODE. Applications to the Earth-Moon system are considered, with trajectories computed around the stable L4 Lagrangian point.
The PI index of polyomino chains of 2k-cycles
Authors:   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICAL BUINZAHRA BRANCH ISLAMIC AZAD UNIVERSITY BUINZAHRA, IRAN, E-mail address: r.mohammadyari@buiniau.ac.ir, MOHAMMADYARI R. , DARAFSHEH M. R. ,   UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS STATISTICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE, COLLEGE OF SCIENCE TEHRAN, IRAN E-mail address: darafsheh@ut.ac.ir
Published: May 2021

The Padmakar-Ivan (PI) index of a graph G is the sum over all edges uv of G of the number of edges which are not equidistant from the vertices u and v. In this paper we compute the PI index of polyomino chains of 2k-cycles where k ≥ 2 and establish bounds for it.
Banana Rachis CNC/Clay Composite Filter for Dye and Heavy Metals Adsorption from Industrial Wastewater
Authors: Islam Md. Monjurul , Islam Md. Shafiqul , Maniruzzaman Mohd. , Haque Md. Minhaz-Ul , Mohana Anika Amir
Published: May 2021

This study demonstrates a successful processing and utilization of banana rachis cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) dispersed clay composite filter which is capable of adsorbing dye and heavy metal ions namely Pb(II) and Cr(III) from industrial wastewater. The composite of different compositions was prepared by dispersing the cellulose nanocrystals, obtained by acid hydrolysis of banana rachis fibres, within the tri-ethyl amine treated clay. The CNC and treated clay were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. Industrial wastewater containing a basic yellow2 dye and two heavy metal ions, Pb(II) and Cr(III), was passed through the prepared filters set in a column. The dye and metal ions adsorption capability of the filters were analyzed by determining the dye and metal ions concentration into the water before and after passing through the composite filter. The concentration of dye and metal ions in water was determined by a UV-visible spectrophotometer and an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, respectively. It was found that the dye adsorption capacity of the composite filters was about 50 mg per gram of composite as well as Pb(II) and Cr(III) ions adsorption capacities of the composite filters were ˃10.0 mg and ˃12.4 mg respectively per gram of the composite when CNC content in the composite was ˃30 wt.%. It was also found that the metal ions adsorption capability of the composite filter was improved with increasing CNC content in the composites.
Assessment of Growth and Technological Performances of Yogurt Bacteria Isolated From Local Turkish Yogurts
Authors: Irem Uzunsoy  , Sebnem Ozturkoglu Budak  , Tuba Sanli  , Birce Taban  , Aykut Aytac  , Nuray Yazihan  , Barbaros ÖZER
Published: May 2021

Growth patterns and some technological performances of five Streptococcus thermophilus and seven Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus strains isolated from yogurt samples which were collected from remote rural areas of Anatolia, Turkey were assessed. The single isolates were screened for milk acidification performances, production of volatile organic compounds and texture developing properties, and selected isolates were combined to use in yogurt-making. Yogurt samples were subjected to sensory evaluations as well as fermentation profiles. Finally, the combinations of one Streptococcus thermophilus isolate with all Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus strains were found to have potentials for further evaluations regarding their suitability for commercial applications.
PAIRWISE α-PARACOMPACT SUBSETS
Authors: Benbettiche M. , Hdeib H.Z.
Published: May 2021

In this paper we define pairwise-$\alpha$-paracompact subsets as a generalisation of $\alpha$-paracompact subsets in topological spaces and study their properties and its relations with other bitopological spaces. Several theorems are obtained concerning pairwise-$\alpha$-paracompact sets. We introduced the definition of $p$-paracompact bitoplogical spaces and study their properties and its relations with other bitopological spaces.
Alluaudite-Group Phosphate and Arsenate Minerals
Authors: Tait Kimberly T. , Hawthorne Frank C. , Halden Norman M.
Published: May 2021

A systematic study of alluaudite, hagendorfite, and varulite was done using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder diffraction, and electron probe microanalysis of samples from 12 separate localities. The crystal structures of the representative alluaudite and hagendorfite samples were refined to R1 indices of 3.7 and 1.8%, respectively, using a Siemens P4 automated four-circle diffractometer equipped with a graphite monochromator and MoKα X-radiation. These samples and several others were analyzed with an electron microprobe to study variations in chemical composition. For the single-crystal analyses, the resulting unit formulae are (Na0.11□0.89)(Na0.59Mn0.27Ca0.14)Mn1.00(Fe3+1.64Al0.24Mg0.13)(PO4)3 for alluaudite, (Na0.79□0.21)(Na0.81Mn2+0.19)(Mn0.70Fe2+0.30)(Fe2+1.72Mg0.27Al0.01)(PO4)3 for hagendorfite, and (Na0.84□0.16)(Na0.71Ca0.23□0.06)Mn1.00(Fe3+0.89Fe2+0.68Mn0.42Mg0.01)(PO4)3 for varulite.

Originally, a nomenclature scheme was proposed for the alluaudite-group minerals that was based on sequentially distributing the cations in the cell according to increasing polyhedron size, matching that size with increasing ionic radii of the cations. For alluaudite, the structural formula was written as X(2)4X(1)4M(1)4M(2)8(PO4)12, with the sites ordered in decreasing size of the discrete polyhedra. Later, the formula [A(2)A(2)'A(2)”2][A(1)A(1)'A(1)”2]M(1)M(2)2(PO4)3 was proposed, which takes into account the distinct crystallographic sites in the channels of the structure. More recently there has been a revision to the nomenclature of the group. The simplified structural formula for the alluaudite-type is now A(2)'A(1)M(1)M(2)2(TO4)3; the new nomenclature scheme has been adopted by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA-CNMNC), based on the contents of the M(1) and M(2) octahedral sites, and the results are reviewed here.

Compounds belonging to the alluaudite structural family have been the focus of synthetic mineral studies for decades owing to the open-framework architecture and their unique physical properties. Improvements in synthesis methods have allowed researchers to substitute a wide range of elements into the alluaudite structure.
Proof That a Dominant Endmember Formula Can Always Be Written for a Mineral or a Crystal Structure
Authors: Hawthorne Frank C.
Published: May 2021

An endmember formula must be: (1) conformable with the crystal structure of the mineral, (2) electroneutral (i.e., not carry a net electric charge), and (3) irreducible [i.e., not capable of being factored into components that have the same bond topology (atomic arrangement) as that of the original formula]. The stoichiometry of an endmember formula must match the “stoichiometry” of the sites in the structure; for ease of expression, I denote such a formula here as a chemical endmember. In order for a chemical endmember to be a true endmember, the corresponding structure must obey the valence-sum rule of bond-valence theory. For most minerals, the chemical endmember and the (true) endmember are the same. However, where local order would lead to strong deviation from the valence-sum rule for some local arrangements, such arrangements cannot occur and the (true) endmember differs from the chemical endmember. I present heuristic and algebraic proofs that a specific chemical formula can always be represented by a corresponding dominant endmember formula. That dominant endmember may be derived by calculating the difference between the mineral formula considered and all of the possible endmember compositions; the endmember formula which is closest to the mineral formula considered is the dominant endmember.
TỶ LỆ LÃI SUẤT TRONG HỢP ĐỒNG VAY TIỀN THEO QUY ĐỊNH CỦA PHÁP LUẬT DÂN SỰ VIỆT NAM QUA CÁC THỜI KỲ TRONG MỐI LIÊN HỆ VỚI PHÁP LUẬT TÍN DỤNG
Authors: Le Thi Bich Chi , Le Minh Bao Trung
Published: May 2021

Interest rates are a financial tool to ensure the rights of lenders in loan contracts. Accordingly, the borrower is obliged to pay interest if so agreed or provided by law. Through the amendments of the Civil Code, interest rates are an item that has had many changes compared to other provisions in loan agreements. However, the interest rates prescribed in the current Civil Code still cause different interpretations, especially in relation to credit laws. This leads to inconsistent application of the law, especially when dealing with credit contract disputes. Therefore, based on the study of interest rate regulations on loan contracts under the laws of Vietnam over time, we analyze some problems about interest rates and credit law under the current Civil Code and make some specific recommendations to solve the problems.
CONSUMPTION AND INVESTMENT VALUES IN HOUSING PRICE: A REAL OPTIONS APPROACH
Authors: Hung Chih-Hsing , Tzang Shyh-Weir
Published: May 2021

Homeowners can be viewed as the put option holders who can sell housing to lenders when the housing price is lower than its mortgage value and sell houses when the housing price rises above a certain threshold. On the basis of the theory of investment under uncertainty, we model the housing value from the perspective of houseowners who can choose to either live in their houses or switch houses for comfort improvement and price appreciation. We can decompose the housing value into consumption and investment values by exploring parameters affecting housing value and decision making of houseowners. We find that the proportion of investment value to housing value increases with the volatility of the housing market, indicating the possible formation of housing bubbles. In addition, the comfort and utility provided by housing are critical for homeowners to decide whether to sell their houses. The analysis provides policymakers and market participants in the real estate market with insights into the price formation of real estate.
The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: Searching for Technosignatures in Observations of TESS Targets of Interest
Authors: Traas Raffy , Croft Steve , Gajjar Vishal , Isaacson Howard , Lebofsky Matt , MacMahon David H. E. , Perez Karen , Price Danny C. , Sheikh Sofia , Siemion Andrew P. V. , Smith Shane , Drew Jamie , Worden S. Pete
Published: May 2021

Exoplanetary systems are prime targets for the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI). With the recent uptick in the identification of candidate and confirmed exoplanets through the work of missions like the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), we are beginning to understand that Earth-like planets are common. In this work, we extend the Breakthrough Listen (BL) search for extraterrestrial intelligence to include targeted searches of stars identified by TESS as potential exoplanet hosts. We report on

30 minute cadence observations collected for 28 targets selected from the TESS Input Catalog from among those identified as containing signatures of transiting planets. The targets were searched for narrowband signals from 1 to 11 GHz using the turboSETI pipeline architecture modified for compatibility with the Google Cloud environment. Data were searched for drift rates of ±4 Hz s−1 above a minimum signal-to-noise threshold of 10, following the parameters of previous searches conducted by Price et al. and Enriquez et al. The observations presented in this work establish some of the deepest limits to date over such a wide band (1–11 GHz) for life beyond Earth. We determine that fewer than 12.72% of the observed targets possess transmitters operating at these frequencies with an equivalent isotropic radiated power greater than our derived threshold of

.
A Search for L4 Earth Trojan Asteroids Using a Novel Track-before-detect Multiepoch Pipeline
Authors: Lifset Noah , Golovich Nathan , Green Eric , Armstrong Robert , Yeager Travis
Published: May 2021

Earth Trojan asteroids are an important but elusive population that co-orbit with Earth at the L4 and L5 Lagrange points. There is only one known, but a large population is theoretically stable and could provide insight into our solar system’s past and present, as well as planetary defense. In this paper, we present the results of an Earth Trojan survey that uses a novel shift-and-stack detection method on 2 nights of data from the Dark Energy Camera. We find no new Earth Trojan asteroids. We calculate an upper limit on the population that is consistent with previous searches despite much less sky coverage. Additionally, we elaborate on previous upper-limit calculations using current asteroid population statistics and an extensive asteroid simulation to provide the most up-to-date population constraints. We find an L4 Earth Trojan population of

for H = 13.93,

for H = 16, and

for H = 22.
Statistical Fitting of Evolutionary Models to Rotation Rates of Sun-like Stars
Authors: Breimann Angela A. , Matt Sean P. , Naylor Tim
Published: May 2021

We apply for the first time a two-dimensional fitting statistic, τ
2, to rotational-evolution models (REMs) of stars (0.1–1.3 M
⊙) on the period–mass plane. The τ
2 statistic simultaneously considers all cluster rotation data to return a goodness of fit, allowing for data-driven improvement of REMs. We construct data sets for Upper Sco, the Pleiades, and Praesepe, to which we tune our REMs. We use consistently determined stellar masses (calculated by matching K
s magnitudes to isochrones) and literature rotation periods. As a first demonstration of the τ
2 statistic, we find the best-fitting gyrochronology age for Praesepe, which is in good agreement with the literature. We then systematically vary three parameters that determine the dependence of our stellar wind torque law on the Rossby number in the saturated and unsaturated regimes, and the location of the transition between the two. By minimizing τ
2, we find best-fit values for each parameter. These values vary slightly between clusters, mass determinations, and initial conditions, highlighting the precision of τ
2 and its potential for constraining REMs, gyrochronology, and our understanding of stellar physics. Our resulting REMs, which implement the best-possible fitting form of a broken-power-law torque, are statistically improved on previous REMs using similar formulations, but still do not simultaneously describe the observed rotation distributions of the lowest masses, which have both slow and fast rotators by the Praesepe age, and the shape of the converged sequence for higher masses. Further complexity in the REMs is thus required to accurately describe the data.
Checklist of the Ichneumonidae of Germany (Insecta, Hymenoptera)
Authors: Riedel Matthias , Humala Andrei , Schwarz Martin , Schnee Heinz , Schmidt Stefan
Published: May 2021

A revised checklist of the Ichneumonidae of Germany is provided. The list represents an updated version of an earlier checklist published in 2001. The present list includes several records of species that are new for the German fauna and species that were discovered since the last checklist was published. The present checklist was compiled as part of the DNA barcoding projects at the Zoologische Staatssammlung München.

The checklist includes 3,644 species of Ichneumonidae from Germany, with 48 species recorded for the first time. Compared to the checklist published 20 years ago, the number of ichneumonid species recorded from Germany has increased by 312 species.
Chronic kidney disease and dialysis therapy: incidence and prevalence in the world
Authors: Filipska Anna , Bohdan Borys , Wieczorek Piotr Paweł , Hudz Nataliia
Published: May 2021

Сhronic kidney disease (CKD) is the important public and medical problem in the world because of a large burden on health care systems. The prevalence of CKD and number of dialysis patients are increasing in the world. The prevalence and incidence of CKD depends on age, race, and gender of patients, region, and the presence of the CKD registry in a country. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and arterial hypertension (AH) are the most common causes of end stage renal disease (ESRD). It is projected that the number of dialysis patients will reach 5.5 million in 2030. Specific strategies and interventions should be urgently aimed at reducing in the burden of CKD by means of the prevention, detection and treatment of DM, AH, and early stages of CKD. One more strategy is the organization of own domestic manufacture of solutions for dialysis therapy.
L’écrivain, le mécène et l’aluminium. Autour de l’œuvre de C. F. Ramuz
Authors: Pétermann Stéphane
Published: May 2021

L’écrivain suisse romand C. F. Ramuz (1878-1947) se méfiait de l’idée de progrès matériel. Son œuvre s’intéresse à l’homme dans son rapport à l’élémentaire, et fait du paysan la figure idéale d’une humanité vraie. Il s’adresse pourtant à un public entré de plain-pied dans la modernité technique, et situe ses récits dans l’époque contemporaine. C’est la raison pour laquelle ses textes mentionnent régulièrement l’aluminium, à mesure que la production industrielle fait entrer ce métal dans la vie quotidienne de tout un chacun. Ramuz en fait le symbole de la modernité qu’il rejette, tout en se montrant attentif et connaisseur des procédés techniques à l’œuvre dans la fabrication de celui-ci. La raison de cette présence discrète mais constante, est peut-être à trouver du côté de son éditeur et mécène, Henry-Louis Mermod, hommes d’affaires actif dans l’industrie de l’aluminium.
L’industrie de transformation de l’aluminium au Cameroun. Une approche historique (des origines à 2003)
Authors: Awono Zinga Guy Grégoire
Published: May 2021

Au cours des années 1960, la filière de l’aluminium au Cameroun commence à se structurer après la mise en service en 1957 d’une usine d’aluminium primaire à Édéa exploitée par la société ALUCAM. Une étape importante est franchie en 1960 avec la création de la Société camerounaise de transformation de l’aluminium (SOCATRAL) sous la férule du groupe Pechiney. Celle-ci ouvre une unité de transformation de l’aluminium pour produire d’abord des tôles ondulées. Puis l’année suivante, la SOCATRAL fait l’acquisition d’ALUBASSA, entreprise de seconde transformation spécialisée dans la fabrication d’ustensiles ménagers. En 1968, elle se dote d’un laminoir et entre ainsi dans le monde de la première transformation. Forte de ses installations, l’entreprise participe alors à la diffusion de l’aluminium au Cameroun et dans la plupart des pays d’Afrique occidentale et centrale (Congo, Gabon, République centrafricaine, Côte d’Ivoire, etc.) grâce à ses produits du quotidien. Associée à ALUCAM, la SOCATRAL permet au Cameroun de disposer d’une industrie intégrée - de l’aluminium primaire à la seconde transformation - capable d’alimenter les marchés régionaux. Elle n’aura de cesse au fil des années de moderniser et de développer ses équipements pour mieux répondre à la demande africaine.
Board Gender Diversity and Corporate Cash Holdings
Authors: Sarang Aitzaz Ahsan Alias , Aubert Nicolas , Hollandts Xavier
Published: May 2021

Cette étude examine la relation entre la diversité de genre dans les conseils d’administration et la trésorerie (c’est-à-dire le risque de liquidité) et la trésorerie excédentaire des entreprises (c’est-à-dire le risque d’agence). En utilisant un échantillon de sociétés françaises cotées à l’indice SBF 120 sur la période 1998-2015, nous constatons une relation positive significative entre la diversité de genre au sein des conseils d’administration et de surveillance pour deux mesures de la trésorerie des entreprises (c’est-à-dire le ratio de trésorerie et le ratio de trésorerie ajusté par secteur) et une relation négative avec les excédents de trésorerie. Ces résultats confirment que les conseils plus féminisés sont associés à de plus faibles risques d’agence, ce qui implique que les femmes administrateurs s’engagent dans un contrôle plus strict et empêchent l’accumulation de trésorerie au-delà d’un niveau optimal. L’étude fournit des résultats intermédiaires significatifs par rapport à la loi sur les quotas de genre Copé-Zimmermann qui sont robustes à des spécifications et des tests alternatifs.
La gestion active du patrimoine public au sein des communes malgaches : l’impact du contexte sur la multi-rationalité des gestionnaires publics lue à travers le concept de valeurs publiques
Authors: Rasolonjatovo Hasina , Lande Évelyne , Harison Victor
Published: May 2021

Les services publics ont été l’objet de plusieurs recherches axées sur les valeurs publiques. Des auteurs, comme Bozeman (2007), ont appelé à une conciliation de ces valeurs publiques avec les valeurs économiques et managériales. Notre article examine cette conciliation par le biais des décisions relatives à la gestion du patrimoine public. L’objectif de cet article est donc d’expliquer et d’analyser comment les valeurs publiques et managériales sont prises en compte dans les décisions publiques, ceci afin d’identifier quelles sont les rationalités qui guident les décideurs. Pour cela l’étude s’appuie sur deux communes malgaches qui ont dû prendre des décisions dans le cadre de la gestion de leur patrimoine public. Dans le contexte de ces communes, l’article montre que les valeurs publiques sociales sont très présentes et prévalent dans les décisions prises. Ainsi, l’article montre qu’il existe une hiérarchie des valeurs publiques lors d’une prise de décision et que cette hiérarchie dépend du niveau de développement de la commune. Il existerait donc des valeurs publiques fondamentales ou de base faisant jouer une rationalité sociale, tandis que les valeurs publiques liées par exemple à une rationalité économique et managériale ne pourraient être mises en œuvre que dès lors que les valeurs publiques fondamentales sont déjà satisfaites.
Comment transposer les institutions du prince à l’usage de Charles Quint et de Gustave de Suède (1756-1757) dans l’ Encyclopédie de Diderot et d’Alembert ?
Authors: Mormiche Pascale
Published: May 2021

L’article « Gouverneur de la personne d’un prince » dans l’ Encyclopédie paraît être écrit à la fin de l’année 1756 ou au début de 1757. Alors que germe l’idée de refonder un concept monarchique au milieu du xviii e  siècle, la rédaction de l’article est confiée non aux grands théoriciens politiques de l’époque (Rousseau, Diderot, d’Alembert, Jaucourt…) mais à un illustre inconnu : André Lefebvre. Il critique l’éducation princière sans développer d’arguments sérieux. Il ne s’appuie pas sur les institutions du prince qui ont renouvelé le genre au xviii e  siècle. Il préconise de suivre les principes du gouverneur de Charles Quint dans un contexte temporel et politique bien différent. Il fait la promotion de Scheffer, gouverneur de Gustave de Suède, au moment même où celui-ci modifie ses principes politiques et instruit le prince avec l’idée d’un renforcement de l’absolutisme. Devant ces contradictions, l’article « Gouverneur de la personne d’un prince » dans l’ Encyclopédie paraît bien paradoxal mais permet d’imaginer qu’il est à l’origine des idées sur le rôle du gouverneur et de l’éducation d’un prince à l’été 1791.
L'énergie éolienne en Europe
Authors: Dąbrowski Marcin
Published: May 2021

Bien que la province de Hollande-Septentrionale présente des conditions très favorables pour produire de l’énergie éolienne, son gouvernement a interdit la construction de nouvelles éoliennes. Cette décision a déclenché un conflit entre la province et les municipalités désireuses de construire des parcs éoliens, alliées au gouvernement central qui doit tenir ses engagements vis-à-vis de l’Union européenne. Ce faisant, la logique classique de l’opposition aux éoliennes qui voit les échelons régionaux ou nationaux s’opposer au niveau local et à ses habitants se renverse ici. Par ailleurs, dans le cas de la Hollande-Septentrionale, nombre d’innovations et de mobilisations locales émergent pour promouvoir et produire l’énergie éolienne. Or, paradoxalement, ces innovations trouvent leurs limites dans les tensions entre les différents échelons administratifs. Ce cas illustre ainsi comment l’exigence de transition vers les énergies renouvelables peut se trouver confrontée à un noeud de tensions et d’oppositions entre les différents échelons de la gouvernance multi-niveaux qui caractérise l’UE.
L'énergie éolienne en Europe
Authors: Bonnet Amélie
Published: May 2021

Les conflits qui entourent l’éolien dans la région de Poméranie occidentale se situent au niveau local, dans les communes rurales et les villages, là où sont généralement implantés les parcs. Ces conflits – qui se multiplient depuis quelques années – confrontent généralement la commune, via le maire, à un groupe d’opposants informels ou une association de défense de l’environnement ou de l’écologie. À travers les différents arguments soulevés par les opposants, ce sont les acteurs intervenant dans le processus d’installation des ouvrages qui sont visés : d’un côté les acteurs publics avec l’État et les collectivités territoriales, en premier lieu la commune, et de l’autre les acteurs économiques avec les promoteurs. En cela, le refus d’accepter les ouvrages éoliens témoigne localement d’un état particulier des relations de gouvernance qui découle du processus inachevé de décentralisation engagé en Pologne depuis les années 1990.