bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spring Forward = Fall Back? The Effect of Daylight Saving Time Change on Consumers’ Unhealthy Behavior
Authors: Janakiraman Ramkumar , Kamatham Harsha , Feurer Sven , Rishika Rishika , Phogaat Bhavna , Girju Marina
Published: May 2024

Prior research documents deleterious consequences of the annual clock change to daylight saving time in many contexts, but little is known about the effect the policy has on consumer behavior. While policy debates around ending seasonal clock changes continue, millions of consumers worldwide are potentially adversely affected by the time change. Drawing on the notions of sleepiness and self-control, the authors propose a framework of how the onset of daylight saving time increases unhealthy behavior. The hypotheses are tested via two studies cast in the difference-in-differences modeling framework capturing consumption before and after the time change and across consumers who experience the transition versus those who do not. Results of the first study suggest that the onset of daylight saving time increases calorie consumption from packaged snacks that are largely unhealthy, specifically in the evening and on cloudy days. The effect of the end of daylight saving time is not significant, suggesting an overall asymmetric effect of the time change on unhealthy behavior. Study 2 reveals that the onset of daylight saving time decreases fitness center visits, particularly for consumers without healthy consumption habits and with high transaction costs. Analysis of social media data suggests that consumers find the time change disruptive. Overall, the findings imply that public policy makers and businesses should find ways to support consumers around the onset of daylight saving time.
The Clash of Imaginations on the Identity of the Messiah in Luke 7:18−35 in the Perspective of Harari’s Theory of Imagination
Authors: Setyawan Yusak Budi
Published: May 2024

From the perspective of Harari’s theory of imagination, the narrative of Luke 7:18−35 displays the clash of imaginations between John and Jesus regarding the identity of the Messiah. It appears that Jesus tries to beat John’s imagination about the identity of the Messiah by lowering the position of John in the Kingdom of God. Clashing with John’s imagination, Jesus builds up the imagination of the Messiah as a figure who presents the Kingdom of God which includes the individual transformation, the transformation of social relationships in the community, the transformation of social structures, and the transformation of the world.
“There the Lord is”: Identifying the Kyrios in the Didache
Authors: Moraff Jason F.
Published: May 2024

While observed by commentators, only two works provide sustained explorations the Didache’s ambiguous use of ho kyrios (the Lord). These studies reach opposing conclusions. Aaron Milavec contends that kyrios always refers to Israel’s God and never to Jesus. Murray Smith argues that it consistently denotes, or at least includes, Jesus as its referent. This essay argues that Milavec and Smith’s claims are complementary. The Didache interconnects the identity of Jesus and Israel’s God, establishing them as the concomitant referent(s) of kyrios. Neither God nor Jesus is labeled ho kyrios explicitly. Both are insinuated to be ho kyrios simultaneously. The Didache does not require over-determining one as the sole referent throughout the text. Where context allusively suggests God or Jesus as the primary referent, each use of kyrios contains sufficient ambiguity to include both. The cumulative effect is that the referent(s) of ho kyrios in the Didache is simultaneously theological and Christological. Jesus and God are distinguishable but inextricably linked as ho kyrios. The Didache’s bivalent use of ho kyrios, then, reflects a high Christology.
Border Externalization and the Geography of Negative Views Toward Transit Migrants in Honduras
Authors: Acevedo Jesse , Richards Mariah
Published: May 2024

Transit migration through Honduras has grown at a time of increasing US border externalization, which raises barriers to mobility through Central America. This research note presents a descriptive analysis of how Hondurans view transit migrants traveling across the country. Honduras is a major migrant-sending country, one that has become an important transit country for migrants of different backgrounds. This article will present results from an original survey of Hondurans asking respondents of their opinions of transit migrants from Haiti, Nicaragua, Cuba, and other regions. We find that negative attitudes toward transit migrants tend to be concentrated in the exit regions near the border with Guatemala. We argue that border externalization generates bottlenecks to mobility that can prolong exposure to transit migrants. We propose recommendations for future research to better understand how border externalization may lead countries to become new transit zones and how attitudes toward transit migrants vary regionally.
The True, the Good, the Spiteful: An Auto(bio)psy of Bosnian Refugee Experience in Sweden
Authors: Mahmutović Adnan
Published: May 2024

This article employs the Bosnian notion of “inat,” often translated as spite, to perform auto(bio)psy of my writing about refugee lives in Sweden. Methodologically speaking, I begin with an assertion that the hybrid form of auto(bio)psy, a method that entangles creative and critical reflection, helps capture what it means to live with the traumas of war, especially in the face of genocide denial and genocide triumphalism. The value of such a reflection that is neither entirely academic nor entirely artistic, neither a court testimony nor data gathered by a disinterested scholar, lies in the possibility of accessing truths that are as material and as emotional as they can be and hopefully, help us better understand uprooted families from 1990s Bosnia and beyond. Following Wendy Pearlman, I argue for the value of emotional sensibility for more profound scientific discoveries. Furthermore, I argue for the need to reconsider the form-content question in the scholarly understanding and analyses of displacement.
Hands-on Learning Pedagogy in Teaching Concepts Relevant in the Analysis, Design, and Maintenance of Transportation Infrastructure Systems
Authors: Owolabi Oludare , Abedoh Hannah , Abiodun Pelumi , Ikiriko Sotonye , Wemida Ayodeji , Duru Chukwuemeka , Nwachukwu Nkiruka Jane , Bello Mojeed , Emiola-Owolabi Olushola , Efe Steve , Chavis Celeste , Ahangari Samira , Hunter James , Efe Frank , Bhandari Amrita , Oguntimein Gbeke , Shokouhian Mehdi , James-Okeke Petronella , Shourabi Neda Bazyar , Dugda Mulugeta , Freeman Maia , Bista Krishna , Gaulee Uttam , Ladeji-Osias Jumoke
Published: May 2024

Learning critical concepts that are centered on the analysis, design, and maintenance of transportation infrastructure systems poses a measure of difficulty for undergraduates in engineering. Therefore, hands-on learning pedagogy should be an excellent precursor to increase understanding of these concepts, since the pedagogy incorporates real-life experience in the delivery. This paper describes how a hands-on learning pedagogy called experiment-centric pedagogy (ECP) has been used to teach these concepts to undergraduate students at a historically Black university. The research questions are as follows: (1) How well can ECP improve students’ understanding of concepts essential to the analysis and design of transportation infrastructure systems? (2) How has the ECP facilitated the achievement of the learning objectives of these concepts? and (3) Does an ECP increase the engagement of undergraduate students in their transportation infrastructure engineering learning and lead to measurable lasting gains? To answer these research questions, ECP was implemented and assessed when used to teach the concepts of stress and strain utilized in the analysis of bridges and other transportation infrastructure, sound used in the development and design of noise barriers, moisture content in controlling compaction of highway infrastructure systems, and degradation of infrastructure systems exposed to various environmental settings. Assessment results from 92 undergraduates reveal an increase in students’ motivation and cognitive understanding of the relevant concepts, as well as learning gains and an improved success rate compared to the traditional method of teaching.
Fusing Repeated Cross-Sectional Revealed Preference Datasets based on Rational Inattention Theory: Accounting for Changing Modal Preferences
Authors: Hossain Sanjana , Habib Khandker Nurul
Published: May 2024

To address the methodological limitation of cross-sectional studies and the data constraints of longitudinal/panel studies, this paper presents a model-based method to fuse repeated cross-sectional travel survey data based on the theory of rational inattention (RI) in discrete choice modeling. In the proposed framework, older cross-sectional data are used to model the prior probability of choice alternatives, and more recent cross-sectional data are used to capture conditional heterogeneous choices. The fusion method is theoretically more robust and computationally less burdensome than existing data pooling techniques. The method is empirically tested using data from two cycles of a large-sample post-secondary student travel survey in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area to investigate the commuting mode choices of post-secondary students. Parameter estimates of the RI-based multinomial logit (MNL) model indicate that the proposed method can generate behaviorally consistent results. Validation of the estimated model using a holdout sample indicates its improved forecasting performance compared with the classical random utility maximizing MNL model. The fusion method can be extended to more than two cycles of repeated cross-sectional data by updating the prior probabilities whenever new cross-sectional data become available. Thus, the study presents a continuous framework for fusing information from multiple time points using repeated cross-sectional datasets to capture preference evolution better and enhance the forecasting robustness of discrete choice models.
Presoaking Grafts in Vancomycin Does Not Impair Graft-Bone Healing in a Rat Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Model
Authors: Yoshida Ryu , Koga Hideyuki , Matsuda Junpei , Nakamura Tomomasa , Miyatake Kazumasa , Katagiri Hiroki , Katakura Mai , Yoshihara Aritoshi , Seki Ryota , Katsumata Toyohiro , Mizuno Mitsuru , Watanabe Ken , Sekiya Ichiro , Tsuji Kunikazu , Nakagawa Yusuke
Published: May 2024

Background:

The vancomycin presoaking technique (wherein grafts are treated with a vancomycin solution [VS] for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction [ACLR]) reduces the infection rate after ACLR. However, the effects of this technique on graft-bone healing have not been fully elucidated.

Purpose:

To investigate the effects of vancomycin presoaking on graft-bone healing in a rat ACLR model.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

Long flexor digitorum longus tendons were obtained from 9 Wistar rats, and each was randomly allocated to the normal saline (NS) or VS groups. The grafts were immersed in sterile saline for 30 minutes in the NS group and in a 5-mg/mL VS in the VS group. The presence of time-zero graft bacterial contamination was confirmed, and the grafts were incubated in Fluidised Thioglycollate Broth for 2 weeks. ACLR was performed on the right knees of 65 male Wistar rats using the flexor digitorum longus tendons. Each graft was similarly treated. Biomechanical testing, micro–computed tomography, and histological evaluations were performed 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively.

Results:

The VS group showed significantly reduced graft contamination at time zero ( P = .02). The mean maximum loads to failure were 13.7 ± 8.2 N and 11.6 ± 4.8 N in the NS and VS groups, respectively, at 4 weeks ( P = .95); and 23.2 ± 13.2 N and 30.4 ± 18.0 N in the NS and VS groups, respectively, at 12 weeks ( P = .35). Regarding micro–computed tomography, the mean bone tunnel volumes were 3.76 ± 0.48 mm3 and 4.40 ± 0.58 mm3 in the NS and VS groups, respectively, at 4 weeks ( P = .41); and 3.51 ± 0.38 mm3 and 3.67 ± 0.35 mm3 in the NS and VS groups, respectively, at 12 weeks ( P = .54). Histological semiquantitative examination revealed no clear between-group differences at any time point.

Conclusion:

Presoaking grafts in vancomycin in a rat ACLR model demonstrated no discernible adverse effects on short- and midterm biomechanical, radiological, and histological investigations.

Clinical Relevance:

The findings provide guidance for surgeons when considering this technique.
Developing Policy Infrastructure to Guide Genomics-Informed Oncology Nursing in Canada: An Interpretive Descriptive Study
Authors: Chiu Patrick , Limoges Jacqueline , Puddester Rebecca , Gretchev Andrea , Carlsson Lindsay , Leslie Kathleen , Flaming Don , Meyer Ann , Pike April
Published: May 2024

Background

Genomic technologies such as genetic testing and precision treatments are rapidly becoming routine in oncology care, and nurses play an increasingly important role in supporting the growing demands for genomics-informed healthcare. Policy infrastructure such as competencies, standards, scope of practice statements, and education and curriculum frameworks are urgently needed to guide these practice and education changes.

Purpose

This study is part of a larger three-phase project to develop recommendations and catalyze action for genomics-informed oncology nursing education and practice for the Canadian Association of Nurses in Oncology and the Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing. This phase aimed to enhance understanding of policy needs and action drivers for genomics-informed oncology nursing education and practice through the perspectives of Canadian oncology nurses and patient partners.

Methods

Interpretive description methodology guided the study. Twenty semi-structured virtual interviews were conducted; 17 with oncology nurses in various domains of practice, and three with patient partner representatives. Data collection and analysis occurred concurrently.

Results

Our analysis identified three themes: 1) nurses and patients recognize that it is time for action, 2) nurses and patients see advantages to executing intentional, strategic, and collaborative policy development, and 3) leadership and advocacy are required to drive action.

Conclusion

Nursing policy infrastructure is required to increase genomic literacy, support nurses in providing safe patient care, and establish clear roles, responsibilities, and accountabilities within the interdisciplinary team. Strong leadership and advocacy at the practice, organizational, and systems levels are vital to accelerating action.
Impact of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Use in Patients With Steatotic Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wood Marci , Kennedy Amanda G. , Khan Sidra , Hitt Juvena R. , Davis Kayla , Reddy Sheela S. , Gilbert Matthew P.
Published: May 2024

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) help manage type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and may have efficacy in steatotic liver disease. Objective: To determine the prevalence and clinical impact of GLP-1 RA use in patients with T2DM and liver disease. Methods: This was a retrospective study of adult patients with T2DM and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) between 1/1/21-12/31/21. Patients with hepatitis B or C, or on pioglitazone were excluded. Eligible patients treated with a GLP-1 RA were compared to controls. The primary outcome was change in Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, with NAFLD Fibrosis Score (NFS) as a secondary outcome. Follow-up scores were calculated from labs within 3 to 15 months after baseline. Results: Of 242 eligible patients, 79 patients (32.6%) were treated with a GLP-1 RA. At baseline, FIB-4 score was lower and NFS was higher in the GLP-1 RA group vs controls (1.80 vs 2.33; P = .101, .36 vs −.47, P < .001; respectively). At follow up, FIB-4 score decreased to 1.77 in the GLP-1 RA group and increased to 2.71 in controls (P = .045). Follow up NFS was stable in the GLP-1 RA group and increased in the control group (.36 vs −.43; P = .308). Conclusion: Patients treated with GLP-1 RAs had less evidence of liver fibrosis progression compared to no treatment, although the differences were small. These results suggest that treatment with GLP-1 RAs may have clinical impact on slowing liver fibrosis, however results should be confirmed in a larger, more diverse sample.
Performance evaluation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification, polymerase chain reaction and real-time polymerase chain reaction methods to detect Neisseria gonorrhoeae among symptomatic patients from India
Authors: Sethi Sunil , Saini Gurmeet , Sreenivasan Priya , Gudisa Rajendra , Sharma Nandita , Bagaa Rashmi , Yadav Rakesh
Published: May 2024

Background: Neisseria gonorrhoeae is one of the most important causative organisms in causing sexually transmitted infections. The clinical presentation of gonorrhoea mimics the symptoms of other sexually transmitted infections, and a proper diagnosis of the same is therefore crucial in patient management. The current study intended to compare different in-house molecular methods: that is, conventional PCR, real-time PCR, and LAMP assay for detection of N. gonorrhoeae. Methods: A total of 163 samples were collected from 145 patients who presented with urethral and vaginal discharge. Collected samples were processed for culture on GC agar base, and three different molecular diagnostic tests (conventional PCR, real-time PCR, and LAMP assay) were performed simultaneously on all the samples. Results: Culture of N. gonorrhoeae was positive in 17 out of 21 (80.9%) swab samples. With culture as the gold standard method, conventional and real-time PCR had a sensitivity of 94.1%, whereas the sensitivity of the LAMP assay was found to be 88.2%. All three methods had a specificity of 100%. In addition to swab samples, evaluation of urine samples by different molecular methods yielded a good concordance with a kappa value of 0.85 by conventional PCR and real-time PCR showing a perfect level of agreement, while the LAMP assay was found to have a substantial level of agreement. Conclusion: LAMP assay had a comparable diagnostic accuracy to other molecular methods for the detection of N. gonorrhoeae and can be used as a point-of-care test in resource-limited settings.
Navigating the green growth spectrum: Exploring the synergy between geopolitical risk, environmental policy stringency, and green production practices
Authors: Caijuan Gong , Durani Farah , Hamid Afshan , Syed Qasim Raza , Keoy Kay Hooi , Anwar Ahsan
Published: May 2024

The deepening understanding of the environment has heightened our perception of the causes of environmental damage, promoting a shift from combating pollution to preventing it with a core emphasis on environmental protection. Academicians and governance authorities have shifted their focus from traditional production practices to green production practices (GPP). The current body of literature has explored the impact of GPP on environmental quality. Whereas, the implications of geopolitical risk (GPR) and environmental policy stringency (EPS) on GPP are still unexplored. Keeping in view these gaps in existing research, this research is the earliest endeavor to examine the impact of GPR and EPS on GPP for the group of seven (G-7) countries from 1990 to 2020. In this regard, we have applied panel quantile regression (PQR) which allows for a more flexible treatment of heterogeneity and is robust to deal with outliers and skewed distributions compared to traditional panel data techniques. The empirical findings reveal that GPR has a significant destructive impact on GPP whereas, the EPS upsurge the GPP in G-7 countries. Founded on the factual outcomes, we recommend policy recommendations to achieve the objectives of SDG 07 (affordable and clean energy), SDG 08 (exports for decent economic growth), SDG 09 (industry innovation and infrastructure), SDG 11 (sustainable cities and societies), SDG 12 (responsible consumption and production), SDG 13 (environmental policies for climate action), and SDG 16 (conflict, peace, and justice strong institutions).
Viability and life cycle assessment of Fuller's Earth as a low-cost adsorbent for zinc removal from aqueous solutions: Operating parameters, removal mechanisms and environmental impacts
Authors: Safwat Safwat M. , Eita Ahmed , Matta Minerva E.
Published: May 2024

Zinc is a heavy metal that has several health risks and must be removed from wastewater effluents before discharge to water bodies or reuse. Fuller's earth is a sedimentary clay and characterized by its low cost and availability. In this research, Fuller's earth (FE) was investigated as an adsorbent for the Zinc (Zn) removal from aqueous solutions to understand its performance, the mechanism of removal, and the potential environmental impacts. Life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted using ReCiPe 2016 midpoint method. Zn adsorption studies on FE were conducted at various pH (2.5–9), temperatures (10°C, 25°C, and 40°C), initial concentrations of Zn (25, - 150 mg/L) and adsorbent doses of (0.25–4 g/ 50 ml). The Zn removal efficiency reached 99% at pH = 9 at an initial Zn concentration = 100 mg/L and the adsorbent dose = 0.25 g/ 50 ml. The experimental data fit into the Temkin isotherm, while kinetics were best expressed by pseudo-second order. The controlling step of the adsorption process was the film diffusion according to Boyd model. Thermodynamic experiments showed that adsorption is endothermic with an accompanying rise in randomness in the system. The adsorption capacity was 3.56 mg/g. Images by SEM confirmed the occurrence of adsorption. The desorption was successful at different concentrations of HCl. LCA results showed that the maximum negative and positive environmental impacts were associated with mineral resource scarcity (7.5*10–5 kg Cu eq) and human non-carcinogenic toxicity (−0.821 kg 1,4-DCB), respectively.
Extermination and excess: Martial economies of poison
Authors: du Plessis Gitte
Published: May 2024

Engaging the thinking of Georges Bataille, this article examines the international politics of poison as a category of death-dealing that defies distinctions between war/not war and weapon/not weapon. Refraining from splitting poison into pesticides and chemical weapons, the article analyses political ecologies and affective economies of poison both historically and today, to illuminate which desires and strategies poison, as a technology of death, lends itself to. Taking its departure in Bataille’s writing on fascism and ending with his main theory of a general economy, the article weaves through nerve agent assassinations, fumigation, and ideas about gardening, to arrive at the conclusion that poison is not so much an excessive response as it is a response to excess. Following Bataille in viewing ecology as economies of consumption and competition, the article develops a rubric of martial economies of poison to encapsulate how poison, as mode of martial expenditure, makes spaces vacant by death, and room for organisms deemed worthy.
Rentierism—Political Instability Nexus: The Danger of Oil-producing Region Crisis in Nigeria
Authors: Fagbemi Fisayo , Fajingbesi Adeyemi
Published: May 2024

The growing popularity of the rentier state theory has made the focus on the impact of oil rents on political stability central for revealing how natural resource (including oil) windfalls link to the weakness of institutional quality in any resource-rich economy. Considering the core characteristic of a rentier state (such as Nigeria)—a distributive political economy—the article examines how the stability of Nigerian political system can be affected by oil rents over the period 1996–2021. Through the adoption of autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test to cointegration and vector error correction mechanism (VECM) for the test of long-run causality, the apparent effect of oil rents on Nigerian political development is reflected in the analyses and findings. Empirical evidence supports the oil impedes political stability assertion, as there is statistically valid negative association between oil rents and political stability in the short run and long run. It is demonstrated that oil wealth could offer greater incentives for civil conflicts, which have resulted in escalating political problems. In addition, the causality mechanism implies that the relationship found merely indicates association between oil rents and the level of political stability in the long term, and it is not causal. Thus, it is posited that through the adoption and implementation of sound policy measures, the escalation of conflicts would likely subside, especially in most oil-rich regions or states, whereas civil order could be promoted. It is, therefore, critical to enhancing fairness in the use and distribution of oil wealth, improving people’s welfare, particularly in the oil-producing communities and in general, ensuring that democratic principles in the management of resource windfalls are sustained.

JEL: Q33, Q34, H56, H12
Burnout symptoms in elite athletes: Assessing the role of effort–reward imbalance, support and emotions
Authors: Hilpisch Celine , Krüger Karsten , Raab Markus , Wiese Lena , Zentgraf Karen , Mutz Michael
Published: May 2024

Drawing on theories from the sociology of work and organizations, such as Leiter and Maslach's concept of burnout and Siegrist's model of effort–reward imbalance, this paper argues that burnout symptoms in elite sport are related to a mismatch of investment and gratification. Building on data from a sample of German elite athletes ( N = 312), findings show that high time investments for training and competitions, the experience of time and role conflicts and negative emotions related to daily training are associated with more burnout symptoms, while sporting success, social support and training-related positive emotions are associated with lower burnout scores. Vulnerability to burnout is increased in situations that qualify as gratification crises, in which athletes perceive that high time commitment does not pay off in terms of sporting success.
Closure for Survivors of Abusive Relationships
Authors: Friend Colleen , Robbins Julie
Published: May 2024

This article presents a five-step clinical approach that describes a process for child sexual abuse survivors, who are now adults, to initiate a statement with their abuser, whereby the survivor can explain the abuse and its impact on their lives. This method may also have applicability for survivors of general child maltreatment. The timing of this intervention needs to be carefully assessed in a partnership between the survivor and clinician. Clinicians might consider this approach if they are conducting long-term psychotherapy with adult survivors of child maltreatment and child sexual abuse, in particular. In addition to delineating steps to be taken, the authors suggest a measurement path. This closure process provides a unique and unduplicated opportunity for personal and professional growth.
U.S. Public Sector Supplier Diversity: An Intersectional Invisibility Perspective
Authors: Kent Pettis , Thornton LaDonna M , Ekpo Akon
Published: May 2024

Motivated by a desire to understand who benefits from public-sector supplier diversity, and why, we conducted a comparative case study across six U.S. state-level supplier diversity programs. We collected/analyzed qualitative data via semi-structured interviews with high-level state leaders and collected spending data via 2017–2021 semiannual/annual reports. We found that businesses owned by White women benefit more from supplier diversity programs than those owned by ethnic minorities (Blacks, Hispanics, Indigenous, and Asians). Adopting an intersectional invisibility perspective, we conduct within- and cross-case analyses of the collected data, we highlight key themes and make several recommendations for how public-sector supplier diversity programs can systemically address disparities and improve their performance. We also offer recommendations for future research into this ecosystem.
Evaluating Fibular Intramedullary Nails vs Traditional Plating in Geriatric Ankle Fractures: A 12-Year Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Lin Yiyun , Gao Jie , Zheng Huayong , Guo Yongzhi , Liu Zhi , Sun Tiansheng
Published: May 2024

Background:

This study evaluates the outcomes of fibular intramedullary nails (IMNs) compared to traditional plates and screws (PS) in the surgical treatment of unstable ankle injuries in patients aged ≥65 years.

Method:

We conducted a retrospective study involving 32 elderly patients with unstable ankle fractures treated with IMNs from 2010 to 2022. A comparison was made with 125 case-control patients treated with PS during the same period. Outcomes compared included postoperative wound and nonwound complications, surgical reduction, union rates, implant removal rates, and the Olerud Molander Ankle Score (OMAS) at a minimum follow-up of 2 years.

Results:

The IMN group had a higher incidence of high-energy injuries, open fractures, concomitant surgery, and perioperative transfusion requirements than the PS group. Additionally, the IMN group developed fewer wound-related (3.1% vs 20% in the PS group, P = .043) and non–wound-related complications (18.8% vs 39.2% in the PS group, P = .030). Both groups had similar initial weightbearing restrictions, fracture union times, mean OMAS scores, rates of malunion or nonunion, and delayed implant removal times. Notably, there were significant differences in the quality and adequacy of mortise alignment between the groups (good: 53.1% in IMN group vs 79.2% in PS group, fair: 46.9% in IMN group vs 20.8% in PS group, P = .006).

Conclusion:

Although the IMN group had an inferior outcome in the quality and adequacy of mortise reduction compared with the PS group, elderly patients with ankle fractures treated with IMN showed comparable functional outcomes to those treated with PS but with lower complication rates. Future research in this area will provide vital information for developing optimal treatment strategies, thereby improving the overall care of elderly patients with ankle fractures.
Comparison of Lateral and Central Achilles Tendon–Splitting Approaches in the Treatment of Haglund Deformity
Authors: Kilic Enver , Bingol Olgun , Ozdemir Guzelali , Deveci Alper , Durgal Atahan , Karahan Taha Esref
Published: May 2024

Background:

This study aimed to compare the complications and outcomes of lateral and central Achilles tendon–splitting approaches for the treatment of Haglund syndrome.

Methods:

Patients who underwent surgery for Haglund syndrome between June 2012 and June 2022 were included in the study. Patients undergoing lateral approach surgery were included in group 1, whereas patients undergoing central Achilles tendon-splitting approach surgery were included in group 2. Surgical outcomes of the patients were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle hindfoot scale, visual analog pain scale (VAS), and Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment–Achilles (VISAA) scores. In addition, preoperative and final follow-up scores were compared.

Results:

The study included 66 patients: 32 (14 females, 18 males) underwent surgery using the lateral approach in group 1, whereas in group 2, 34 patients (18 females, 16 males) underwent surgery using the central Achilles tendon–splitting approach. There was a significant statistical difference in the AOFAS, VISAA, and VAS scores between preoperative and final follow-up for both group 1 and group 2 ( P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, respectively). Group 1 had a small (0.76) relative increase in VAS score compared with group 2 ( P = .033). There was no significant difference between the complication rates of group 1 and group 2.

Conclusion:

In our study, we found the lateral approach and central Achilles tendon–splitting approaches to be safe and effective in the surgical treatment of Haglund syndrome without clinically meaningful differences in outcomes or complication rates.
Vibration suppression of base-excited rotors supported by active magnetic bearings based on an augmented Kalman compensator
Authors: Zhang Peng , Jiang Minghong , Li Wengheng , Zhu Changsheng
Published: May 2024

Rotor systems supported by active magnetic bearings (AMBs) on a moving base, such as ships and vehicles, usually experience increased vibration due to the additional excitations, known as base excitations. In this paper, an augmented Kalman estimator (AKE) based compensator is proposed to suppress the base-excited vibration of an AMBs-rotor system. In the design, the AKE is employed to optimize the gain vectors online with an inaccurate model and noisy response. The optimized gain vectors are subsequently multiplied by the corresponding base-excited parameters to calculate the compensation current for suppressing the base-excited vibration. As a result, the compensation current in phase with the base excitation results in great suppression of the base-excited vibration. Meanwhile, the elimination of the necessity for precise modeling makes the proposed compensators highly robust. In order to provide useful guidance for the selection of the covariance matrices, the influences of the covariance matrices on the compensator performance are thoroughly analyzed. Finally, through the numerical and experimental results under base translation and base swing, the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed compensator are demonstrated.
Review of drug-drug interactions in patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Ruplin Andrew , Segal Eve , McFarlane Tom
Published: May 2024

Objective

The objective of this review is to provide an overview of common drug-drug interactions (DDIs) associated with prostate cancer treatments and outline recommendations for managing polypharmacy.

Data sources

A literature search of PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL was carried out to identify pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes caused by DDIs that are relevant for prostate cancer patients, DDIs between prostate cancer therapies and co-administered medications (both prescription and over-the-counter), and measures to prevent DDIs. Medication package inserts were used to identify the impact of DDI on the prostate cancer therapy and suggested interventions.

Data summary

No DDIs are expected for the LHRH agonists leuprolide acetate, histrelin, goserelin, or leuprolide mesylate. However, DDIs have been reported for GnRH antagonists, anti-androgens, PARP inhibitors, and taxanes. Although there are no confirmed DDIs for sipuleucel-T to date, it is not generally recommended to use sipuleucel-T concurrently with immunosuppressive medications. Interventions to prevent DDIs include the use of software that can detect clinically significant DDIs, up-to-date medication reconciliation, the inclusion of dedicated clinical pharmacists in cancer treatment teams, and patient/caregiver education.

Conclusions

Prostate cancer patients have a high risk of potential DDIs due to numerous new anti-cancer therapies, the increased use of treatment combinations, and the likelihood of comorbid conditions also requiring drug therapy. Drug-drug interaction screening software, up-to-date medication reconciliation, inclusion of oncology pharmacists on healthcare teams, and patient/caregiver education will aid the development of treatment plans that focus on achieving an optimal risk-benefit profile whilst reducing the risk of DDIs.
Reinforcement methods of an reinforced concrete beam with the circular opening in the plastic hinge region under cyclic loading
Authors: Chiu Chien-Kuo , Sung Hsin-Fang , Chou Jie-Ci , Choudhury Sharan Roy
Published: May 2024

Transverse opening in the plastic hinge region of reinforced concrete (RC) beam is generally not recommended due to increased risk of shear failure rather than flexure or flexure-shear failure. However, in recent years, the actual pipeline configuration requirements have posed challenges in arranging such opening in the plastic hinge region of an RC beam member. To address this issue and propose design guidelines, this work examines the mechanical behavior of nine specimens subjected to cyclic loading. The test results are compared with the design methods suggested in other guidelines and research. Additionally, a set of design guidelines and novel reinforcement methods, utilizing Double-square hoop and U-shaped stirrups, are proposed and compared with traditional reinforcement methods for RC beams with circular openings. Three distinct regions for reinforcing beams with transverse circular openings are proposed based on their distance from the column support. In the first region, extending from three times the opening diameter to one beam depth (1H), the opening is reinforced with two inclined U-shaped stirrups on each side and double-square hoops on both faces. The second region (1H to 2H) utilizes one inclined U-shaped stirrup on each side, along with double-square hoops on both faces. Beyond twice the beam depth (2H) in the third region, the opening is reinforced solely with double-square hoops on both faces. The sets of design methods provide valuable insights for future design considerations.
Co-producing composite storytelling comics: (counter) narratives by academics of working-class heritage
Authors: Davis Charlie , Matthews Adam , Mihut Georgiana , Mottershaw Stacey , Hawkins Jessica , Rivlin Penny , Matthews Blair
Published: May 2024

Composite storytelling as a social qualitative research method represents a growing spirit of creativity to explore themes of social injustice. This article discusses the potential methodological affordances and challenges of such approaches when used to collectively unsettle, interrogate and (re)imagine what it means to become an academic of working-class heritage. The participatory project discussed in this paper involved eight social science and humanities academics in UK-based elite higher education institutions. In a series of storytelling sessions, the participants created narrative encounters to foster moments of critique and analysis to explore the complex social realities of their routes into and through academia as people of working-class origins. Working alongside an illustrator, the participants used empirical insights to create composite stories in multimodal comic formats. Through this work, we seek to prompt further discussions about the generative possibilities of pursuing similar methods in the social sciences and beyond to challenge forms of social injustice.
Exploring the potential of 3D woven and knitted spacer fabrics in technical textiles: A critical review
Authors: Dejene Bekinew Kitaw , Gudayu Adane Dagnaw
Published: May 2024

Three-dimensional (3D) woven and knitted spacer fabrics have emerged as significant advancements in the field of technical textiles, driven by notable progress made by the textile industry. These unique fabrics possess desirable characteristics that render them suitable for various technical applications. As we look towards the future, spacer fabrics are expected to find innovative applications in various functional products. However, despite the growing interest in their use in the technical textile sector, comprehensive reviews exploring their potential are lacking. Therefore, this review aims to fill this gap in the existing literature by examining the potential of 3D woven and knitted spacer fabrics in technical textiles. It provides a comprehensive exploration of their fabrication techniques, properties, key parameters, and potential applications in technical textiles. This review highlights that woven spacer fabrics exhibit high integrity and stability, making them suitable for composite reinforcement. On the other hand, knitted spacer fabrics offer a higher air-trapping capacity and a double-faced nature, leading to their extensive use in cushions, medical textiles, and protective technical textiles. Additionally, this review provides valuable insights for researchers and manufacturers interested in harnessing the potential of spacer fabrics for various functional products in the field of technical textiles.
Charcot Foot: An Update on Diagnosis, Treatment, and Areas of Uncertainty
Authors: Rebelos Eleni , Siafarikas Christos , Tentolouris Nikolaos , Jude Edward B.
Published: May 2024

Background and aims

Charcot neuroosteoarthropathy (CN) is considered a rare complication of diabetic neuropathy. Due to its insidious mode of presentation, CN may be difficult to diagnose timely and a high index of suspicion is required from both, the diabetic patient (especially those with neuropathy) and their physicians for the early diagnosis and treatment to prevent major complications.

Methods

We planned a narrative review and searched MEDLINE database to identify evidence regarding CN incidence, treatment options, and recent guidelines. As practitioners do not commonly treat CN, a characteristic clinical case is also presented.

Results

The available evidence for diagnosis and treatment remains of low quality. On the one hand, there is an urgent need for action to increase awareness of the disease in both practitioners and people with diabetes. On the other hand, prospective nationwide registries of patients with diabetic neuropathy will help clarify the prognostic factors that may predispose to this complication, and more randomized clinical trials are needed to identify whether medical treatment may improve CN outcomes. For the time being, offloading of the foot to stop the perpetuation of trauma, and inflammation, and importantly to arrest the progression to a deformed nonfunctional foot is the cornerstone of medical therapy of CN. Multidisciplinary assessment between diabetologists and radiologists is fundamental for prompt diagnosis.

Conclusions

To avoid potentially deleterious delays in diagnosis and treatment, every physician should bear in mind that every patient with diabetic neuropathy presenting with a warm swollen foot should be treated as having CN until proven otherwise.
Vikil Suppresses the Proliferation of Prostate Cancer (PC-3) Cells and Quenches Free Radicals In Vitro
Authors: Tettey Clement Okraku , Essuman Edward Ken , Aninagyei Enoch , Kwansa-Bentum Henrietta Terko , Agyemang Boakye Adjoa , Kortei Nii Korley , Boamah Daniel
Published: May 2024

Vikil 20 is an herbal formula produced in Ghana and is widely marketed as a product to boost immunity as well as for general well-being. However, the pharmacological effect of this herbal preparation has not been proven scientifically. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the antioxidative as well as the anti-prostate cancer effects of the product. To assess the antioxidative effect of Vikil 20, the DPPH and ABTS activities were investigated. The total phenolic content was investigated using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The cytotoxic effect of Vikil 20 against prostate cancer (PC-3) cells as well as normal (RAW 264.7) cells was investigated using the MTT assay whereas its anti-metastatic effect was analyzed using the cell migration assay. The effect of Vikil 20 on cell adhesion was analyzed via the cell adhesion assay whereas its effect on TNF-α secretion was investigated using a TNF-α detection kit. Vikil 20 demonstrated significant antioxidant effects by suppressing 57.61% and 92.88% respectively of DPPH and ABTS radicals at 1000 µg/mL with total phenolic contents of 140.45 mg GAE/g. Vikil 20 suppressed the proliferation of PC-3 cells by reducing the number of viable cells to 49.5% while sparing the RAW, 264.7 cells. Further, Vikil 20 significantly suppressed both cellular migration and adhesion of prostate cancer cells. Finally, suppression of cellular migration and adhesion is associated with a reduction in TNF-α secretion by PC-3 cells. Taken together, Vikil 20 was found to possess significant antioxidant and anti-prostate cancer effects in vitro.
The Mixed Methods Treasure Hunt: Reflecting on the Legacy of Dr. Michael D. Fetters in Teaching Mixed Methods Research
Authors: Kakai Hisako
Published: May 2024

This article aims to elevate the appreciation of Dr Michael D. Fetters’s contributions to mixed methods pedagogy by highlighting his innovative teaching methods called the “mixed methods treasure hunt.” Utilizing Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, this paper provides a detailed examination of how Fetters’s legacy can be adapted and extended to Japan and beyond. It explores the efficacy of the mixed methods treasure hunt as a pedagogical tool, offering promising solutions for mixed methods research education. This paper contributes to the field by providing a practical methodology that bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application and enhances learning opportunities, especially for mixed methods learners in the East Asian cultural context, thereby broadening the applicability and impact of Fetters’s legacy.
A giant parathyroid cyst causing primary hyperparathyroidism in a pregnant woman: Case report and literature review
Authors: Paz-Ibarra José , Concepción-Zavaleta Marcio José , Coronado-Arroyo Julia Cristina , Quiroz-Aldave Juan Eduardo , Pino-Godoy Pavel , Díaz-Lazo Hubertino , Chávez-Torres Himelda , Carrión-Cabezas Pamela , Somocurcio-Peralta José
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) during pregnancy is rare, with the commonest cause being parathyroid adenoma. Parathyroid cysts represent 0.5% of parathyroid lesions. The diagnosis of PHPT requires elevated levels of calcium, along with elevated or non-suppressed parathormone levels. Conservative treatment prevails unless hypercalcemia persists.

Case

A 33-week pregnant woman with preeclampsia and a cervical tumor was diagnosed with PHPT due to a functioning cystic adenoma. She underwent a caesarean section at 36 weeks, delivering a low-birthweight live newborn. Six months post-caesarean section the patient underwent right inferior parathyroidectomy and right hemithyroidectomy, with histopathological findings consistent with a giant cyst parathyroid adenoma. At review three months. after surgery, there are no signs of the persistence of the disease.

Conclusion

A giant functional parathyroid cyst causing PHPT and being identified in pregnancy is exceedingly rare. It is crucial to have a timely multidisciplinary diagnosis and management to avoid maternal and fetal complications.
Prevalence of experiencing public humiliation and its effects on victims’ mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Wendy Wen , Heward Carolyn , Merrick Alyssia , Astridge Belinda , Leow Timothy
Published: May 2024

Public humiliation is a negative self-conscious emotion that results from experiencing public humiliation; that is, being humiliated in public in front of witnesses. In the current study, experiencing public humiliation refers to the humiliation that is caused by a perpetrator or perpetrators with negative intent at a location that is accessible or visible to the public and in the presence of a witness(es). To investigate the settings where public humiliation occurs, its prevalence, and its impact on victims’ mental health, a systematic review and meta-analysis approach were employed. A total of 33 studies with a sample size of 40,468 were included in the current study. The findings demonstrate the behaviour of public humiliation occurred in a variety of settings (e.g., medical training, healthcare provision, schools) and population groups. The pooled prevalence of experiencing public humiliation was 34.9% (95%CI [0.266, 0.442]). The pooled effect size of experiencing public humiliation on victims’ mental health outcomes was OR = 1.878, 95%CI [1.550, 2.276]. Public humiliation appears to have a substantial impact on victims’ mental health (including symptoms of emotional distress, anxiety, depression; increased stress; posttraumatic stress disorder; suicidal ideation/attempt; Stockholm syndrome, burnout, and being traumatised). A potential mental health pathway model depicting the mechanism underlying the relationship between experiencing public humiliation and mental health is proposed. Recommendations are provided for future research to isolate public humiliation to understand its specific effect on mental health and for developing interventions.