bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Deterministic Shape Optimizations Within a Stochastic Framework for Supersonic Organic Rankine Cycle Nozzle Cascades
Authors: Romei Alessandro , Congedo Pietro Marco , Persico Giacomo
Published: February 2019

The design of converging–diverging blades for organic Rankine cycle (ORC) applications widely relies on automated shape-optimization processes. As a result, the optimization produces an adapted-nozzle cascade at the design conditions. However, only few works account for the uncertainties in those conditions and their consequences on cascade performance. The proposed solution, i.e., including uncertainties within the optimization routine, demands an overall huge computational cost to estimate the target output statistic at each iteration of the optimization algorithm. With the aim of understanding if this computational cost is avoidable, we study the impact of uncertainties in the design conditions on the robustness of deterministically optimized profiles. Several optimized blades, obtained with different objective functions, constraints, and design variables, are considered in the present numerical analysis, which features a turbulent compressible flow solver and a state-of-the-art uncertainty-quantification (UQ) method. By including measured field variations in the formulation of the UQ problem, we show that a deterministic shape optimization already improves the robustness of the profile with respect to the baseline configuration. Guidelines about objective functions and blade parametrizations for deterministic optimizations are also provided. Finally, a novel methodology to estimate the mass-flow-rate probability density function (PDF) for choked supersonic turbines is proposed, along with a robust reformulation of the constraint problem without increasing the computational cost.
Underwater Acoustic Absorption of Composite Anechoic Layers With Inner Holes
Authors: Ye Changzheng , Liu Xuewei , Xin Fengxian , Lu Tian Jian
Published: February 2019

A combined theoretical and numerical study is carried out to quantify the influence of material properties (e.g., real part and loss factor of Young’s modulus, material density) and geometrical parameters (e.g., layer thickness, height of hole) on the sound absorption performance of an underwater rubber layer containing periodically distributed axial holes. A theoretical model is developed based on the method of transfer matrix as well as the concept of equivalent layering of holes with variable cross section. Numerical simulations with the method of finite elements are subsequently carried out to validate the theoretical model, with good agreement achieved. Physical mechanisms underlying the enhanced acoustic performance of the anechoic layer as a result of introducing the periodic holes are explored in terms of the generated transverse waves and the high-order mode of vibration. The results presented are helpful for designing high-performance underwater acoustic layers with periodically distributed cavities by tailoring relevant material properties and geometrical parameters.
Derivative-Based Sampled Data Control for Continuous Linear Parameter Varying System With Unknown Parameters
Authors: Maalej Sonia , Kruszewski Alexandre , Belkoura Lotfi
Published: February 2019

This paper deals with the robust stabilization of a class of linear parameter varying (LPV) systems in the sampled data control case. Instead of using a state observer or searching for a dynamic output feedback, the considered controller is based on output derivatives estimation. This allows the stabilization of the plant with very large parameter variations or uncertainties. The proof of stability is based on the polytopic representation of the closed-loop under Lyapunov conditions and system transformations. The result is a control structure with only one parameter tuned via very simple conditions. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified via a numerical example of a second-order LPV system.
A Nonlinear Dynamic Switched-Mode Model of Twin-Roll Steel Strip Casting
Authors: Browne Florian , Chiu George T.-C. , Jain Neera
Published: February 2019

During twin-roll steel strip casting, molten steel is poured onto the surface of two casting rolls where it solidifies to form a steel strip. The solidification process introduces a two-phase region of steel known as mushy steel which has a significant effect on the resulting quality of the manufactured steel strip. Therefore, an accurate model of the growth of mushy steel within the steel pool is imperative for ultimately improving strip quality. In this paper, we derive a reduced-order model of the twin-roll casting process that captures the dynamics of the mushy region of the steel pool and describes the effect that the casting roll speed and gap distance have on the solidification dynamics. We propose a switched-mode description that leverages a lumped parameter moving boundary approach, coupled with a thermal resistance network analogy, to model both the steel pool and roll dynamics. The integration of these models and simulation of the combined model are nontrivial and discussed in detail. The proposed reduced-order model accurately describes the dominant dynamics of the process while using approximately one-tenth of the number of states used in previously published models.
Multi-modal leaky Lamb waves in two parallel and immersed plates: Theoretical considerations, simulations, and measurements
Authors: Kauffmann Pierre , Ploix Marie-Aude , Chaix Jean-François , Potel Catherine , Gueudre Cécile , Corneloup Gilles , Baque François
Published: February 2019

Leaky Lamb waves have the potential to be used to perform non-destructive testing on a set of several parallel and immersed plates. Short-time Fourier transform and two-dimensional Fourier transform have both been successfully used to measure the propagation properties: phase and group velocity, and leaky attenuation. Experimental measurements were validated by comparison between theory, experimentation and finite-element simulations (using comsol multiphysics® software) in the case of one immersed plate in water. These signal processing techniques proved to be efficient in the case of multi-modal propagation. They were applied to two immersed plates to identify the leaky Lamb mode generated in the second plate. Dispersion curves of the system composed by two immersed and parallel plates are computed. When plates have the same thickness, leaky Lamb modes propagate from the first to the second plate without any mode change, with the apparent attenuation being weaker in the second plate. Considering that the second plate is continuously supplied in energy by the first one, an energy-based model is proposed herein to estimate the apparent attenuation in the second plate. Despite our extremely simplifying assumption, this model proved to be in good agreement with both finite-element modelling and experimentation.
Researchers spy signs of slavery from space
Authors: Scoles Sarah
Published: February 2019

A surge in satellite data and artificial intelligence helps guide enforcement on the ground.
The quest for boundless energy
Authors: Cho Adrian
Published: February 2019

Although designs abound, reactors that can breed fuel remain mostly a dream.
The law and vaccine resistance
Authors: Reiss Dorit Rubinstein
Published: February 2019

Last week, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced that more than 100 cases of measles, spanning 10 states, had been reported in the United States since the beginning of the year. This news came on the heels of the World Health Organization's estimate of over 200,000 cases of measles in 2018. These numbers signal the reemergence of a preventable, deadly disease, attributed in significant part to vaccine hesitancy. Communities and nations must seriously consider leveraging the law to protect against the spread of this highly contagious disease.
Iatrogenic adrenal suppression following caudal epidural and facet joint injection
Authors: Jani Priyanka , Morley Hannah Louise , Shetty Nitin
Published: February 2019

Caudal epidural injections and facet joint injections using steroids and local anaesthetic are widely used methods of pain control in patients suffering from radicular leg pain. In the vast majority of cases this is low risk. We present an interesting case of a patient who suffered from symptomatic adrenal suppression following a caudal epidural injection, and thus wish to draw this rare but significant complication to the attention of orthopaedic practitioners.
Scrotal necrosis and no Fournier’s in sight: a rare case of juvenile gangrenous vasculitis
Authors: Nettleton Jeremy , Crawford-Smith Hugh , Adimonye Anthony , McMeekin Faith
Published: February 2019

Juvenile gangrenous vasculitis of the scrotum is a rare entity, of which to our knowledge we describe the first documented case in the UK. It follows a typical disease course, demonstrated by an 18-year-old male who presented with three necrotic scrotal lesions; proceeded by 3 days of fever, pharyngitis and lethargy. Previous cases have been managed successfully with systemic steroids. On this occasion, surgical debridement was made of the necrotic areas under antibiotic cover and complete resolution was achieved with excellent wound healing and no evidence of recurrence. This case report discusses the importance of disease recognition and the merits of surgical management. We also add to the debate as to whether this disease is a variation of pyoderma gangrenosum or a distinct entity itself within the pantheon of scrotal gangrene.
Retained tooth in the nasal cavity: a rare cause of nasal congestion
Authors: Moeller Marie Louise , Bille Jesper , Fuglsang Milos
Published: February 2019

A 59-year-old man presented with unilateral nasal congestion and discharge. Clinical examination revealed a mass in the floor of the nasal cavity. Sinus CT indicated a retained tooth or a dermoid cyst. It was removed by endoscopic surgery. Histology confirmed the diagnosis of a retained tooth. At follow-up, the patient reported no nasal symptoms. A retained nasal tooth is rare, and the symptoms are variable. It can resemble other diseases such as chronic rhinosinusitis. Surgical removal is recommended to confirm the diagnosis and eliminate symptoms.
Bilateral acute non-obstructive pyelonephritis presenting as acute kidney injury requiring haemodialysis
Authors: Guvvala Suvarna L , Sakam Sailaja , Stokes Michael B , Uday Kalpana
Published: February 2019

A 54-year-old female patient with hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus type 2 was brought to emergency room by the family members for acute change in mental status. The laboratory evaluation demonstrated findings consistent with acute renal failure (normal renal function 3 months prior to presentation). She was initiated on hemodialysis due to lack of improvement in renal function. Urine culture done prior to initiation of antibiotics was positive forEscherichia coli, which was later confirmed by renal biopsy. Extensive workup for the cause of renal failure including for connective tissue disease, plasmacytoma, obstruction was negative. She was treated with 6 week course of antibiotics with eventual recovery of her renal function in 4 months.
Giant cell tumour of the scapula treated by partial scapulectomy
Authors: Kapoor Amit
Published: February 2019

Giant cell tumour is a benign, but locally aggressive tumour. It most commonly affects the epiphysial-metaphyseal region of long bones, but rarely in flat bones. We present you a case of 26-year-old man with a large giant cell tumour of the inferior angle of the scapula. The patient was treated with partial scapulectomy with complete resection of tumour. There was excellent retention of shoulder function postoperatively.
Retinal and choroidal circulation determined by optical coherence tomography angiography in patient with amyloidosis
Authors: Tei Masami , Maruko Ichiro , Uchimura Eiko , Iida Tomohiro
Published: February 2019

A 43-year-old woman who was diagnosed with the cryopyrine-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) with severe renal failure and heart failure due to amyloid accumulation was examined by swept source optical cohernce tomography (OCT) (SS-OCT; DRI-OCT, Topcon, Tokyo, Japan) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) (RTVue XR Avanti, Optovue, Fremont, CA). Her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/40 OD and 20/25 OS. A hyporeflective band of about 100 µm thickness was seen just inferior to the retinal pigment epithelium in the cross-sectional SS-OCT images, but the deeper choroidal structures were clearly visible. In the OCTA images, the density of the retinal capillaries in the superficial and deep capillary plexus slabs were reduced, and no signals of the choroidal capillary slab was detected after removing the projection artefacts. The accumulation of amyloid can cause a reduction of both the retinal and choroidal capillary circulations although the circulation in the larger vessels are preserved.
Modified Goldmann prism intraocular pressure measurement accuracy and correlation to corneal biomechanical metrics: multicentre randomised clinical trial
Authors: McCafferty Sean Joseph , Tetrault Kyle , McColgin Ann , Chue Warren , Levine Jason , Muller Melissa
Published: February 2019

Purpose

Clinically evaluate intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements taken with a Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) prism and a modified surface Goldmann prism examining measurement differences correlated to central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal hysteresis (CH) values.

Design

Prospective, open-label, randomised, controlled, multicentre reference device accuracy analysis.

Methods

A GAT and a modified surface GAT prism measured IOP on 243 unique eyes. The study design and methodology complied with International Standard Organization (ISO) tonometer evaluation guidelines, except the inclusion of thin (<500 µm) and thick (>600 µm) corneas. All eyes were randomised to IOP measurement by one of five standard Goldmann prisms and five modified prisms. Pressures were measured by six investigators, two times with each prism for a total of 1936 IOP measurements. Analysis included a multiple linear regression including CCT and CH correlation.

Results

The difference in IOP measurements of the standard and modified Goldmann prisms correlated well to CCT particularly in thin (<500 µm) and thick (>600 µm) corneas (R2=0.404, p=0.007). Corneal hysteresis (CH) also significantly correlated to the difference in prism measurements (R2=0.125, p=0.039). There was no significant overall mean IOP bias between the two prisms (+0.43 mm Hg in modified, p=0.19).

Discussion

The paired IOP measurement difference between GAT and a modified surface Goldmann replacement prism indicated a statistically significant correlation to CCT and CH. A simple modified replacement prism for any Goldmann-type tonometer may significantly improve IOP measurement accuracy by minimising corneal biomechanical errors associated with CCT and CH.

Trial registration number

NCT02990169 and NCT02989909.
Screening and receiving information for intimate partner violence in healthcare settings: a cross-sectional study of Arab and Jewish women of childbearing age in Israel
Authors: Daoud Nihaya , Berger-Polsky Alexandra , Sergienko Ruslan , O’Campo Patricia , Leff Rebecca , Shoham-Vardi Ilana
Published: February 2019

Objectives

We studied the proportion of women who have ever been screened (ES) for intimate partner violence (IPV) in a healthcare setting, received information (RI) about relevant services, or both, and explored disparities in screening and information provision by ethnicity and other characteristics.

Design

In 2014–2015, we undertook a cross-sectional study, conducting interviews using a structured questionnaire among a stratified sample of 1401 Arab and Jewish women in Israel.

Setting

A sample of 63 maternal and child health clinics (MCH) clinics in four geographical districts.

Participants

Women aged 16–48 years, pregnant or up to 6 months after childbirth.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

We used multivariable generalised estimating equation analysis to determine characteristics of women who were ES (Has anyone at the healthcare services (HCS) ever asked you whether you have experienced IPV?); RI (Have you ever received information about what to do if you experience IPV?); and both (ES&RI).

Results

Less than half of participants (48.8%) reported ES; 50.5% RI; and 30% were both ES&RI. Having experienced any IPV was not associated with ES or ES&RI, but was associated with RI in an unexpected direction. Women at higher risk for IPV (Arab minority women, lower education, unmarried) were less likely to report being ES, RI or both. The OR and 95% CI for not ER&RI were: 1.58 (1.00 to 2.49) among Arab compared with Jewish women; 1.95 (1.42 to 2.66) among low education versus academic education women; 1.34 (1.03 to 1.73) among not working versus working. ES, RI and both differ across districts.

Conclusions

While Israel mandates screening and providing information regarding IPV for women visiting the HCS, we found inequalities, suggesting inconsistencies in policy implementation and missed opportunities to detect IPV. To increase IPV screening and information provision, the ministry of health should circulate clarification and provide support to healthcare providers to conduct these activities.
Postpartum emergency department use among women with intellectual and developmental disabilities: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mitra Monika , Akobirshoev Ilhom , Parish Susan L , Valentine Anne , Clements Karen M , Moore Simas Tiffany A
Published: February 2019

Background

An emerging body of evidence underscores the often-intensive perinatal healthcare needs of women with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). However, population-based research examining postpartum experiences of US women with IDD is sparse. We examined emergency department (ED) use in the postpartum period among Massachusetts mothers with IDD.

Methods

We analysed 2002–2010 Massachusetts Pregnancy to Early Life Longitudinal data to compare any and ≥2 ED visits between mothers with and without IDD: within 1–42 days post partum, 1–90 days post partum and 1–365 days post partum. We also determined whether or not such ED use was non-urgent or primary-care sensitive.

Results

We identified 776 births in women with IDD and 595 688 births in women without IDD. Across all three postpartum periods, women with IDD were vastly more likely to have any postpartum ED use, to have ≥2 ED visits and to have ED visits for mental health reasons. These findings persisted after controlling for numerous sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Women with IDD were less likely to have non-urgent ED visits during the three postpartum periods and they were less likely to have primary-care sensitive ED visits during the postpartum period.

Conclusion

These findings contribute to the emerging research on perinatal health and healthcare use among women with IDD. Further research examining potential mechanisms behind the observed ED visit use is warranted. High ED use for mental health reasons among women with IDD suggests that their mental health needs are not being adequately met.
Seizures and movement disorders: phenomenology, diagnostic challenges and therapeutic approaches
Authors: Freitas Maria Eliza , Ruiz-Lopez Marta , Dalmau Josep , Erro Roberto , Privitera Michael , Andrade Danielle , Fasano Alfonso
Published: February 2019

Seizures and movement disorders (MDs) are distinct neurological conditions presenting with abnormal movements. Despite sharing an overlap in phenomenology, these movements have different origins. In order to explore the overlaps and the narrow boundaries between these two conditions, we performed a review of the literature to explore the risk of seizures in MDs. We discussed the mimics and chameleons including MDs that look like seizure (eg, paroxysmal dyskinesia, status dystonicus) and seizures that look like MDs (eg,epilepsia partialis continua, nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy). Additionally, we examined the therapeutic challenges as well as the anatomical and chemical pathways relevant in the interplay between epilepsy and MDs. Finally, we proposed an algorithm to guide clinicians towards the final diagnosis of conditions characterised by the co-occurrence of MDs and seizures.
Relapsing necrotising encephalomyelopathy due toRANBP2mutation
Authors: Kelly Erin , Harvey Jackson , Brion Kristian , Fletcher Janice , Slee Mark
Published: February 2019

A young woman with a history of previously undiagnosed episodic neurological deterioration since early childhood associated with viral illnesses developed fulminant encephalitis. Standard investigations gave no diagnosis. Next-generation sequencing identified a heterozygous mutation c.1754C>T (p.Thr585Met) in theRANBP2gene, giving the diagnosis of recurrent acute necrotising encephalopathy type 1. This condition is probably underdiagnosed, especially in adults, and should be considered in patients with recurrent encephalopathy.
Effect of dairy and nondairy snacks on postprandial blood glucose regulation in 9–14-year-old children
Authors: Gheller Brandon J. , Gheller Mary , Li Athena , Nunes Fernando , Anini Younes , Glanville N. Theresa , Bellissimo Nick , Hamilton Jill , Anderson G. Harvey , Luhovyy Bohdan L.
Published: February 2019

In adults, dairy consumption improves short-term blood glucose regulation. It is unknown if these short-term benefits extend to children of different weight statuses. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a dairy and nondairy snack in both normal-weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) children on blood glucose regulation and food intake (FI). In a repeated-measures crossover design, 11 NW and 7 OW/OB children (age: 9–14 years), consumed, in random order, a dairy (Greek yogurt, 198.9 g, 171 kcal, 0 g fat, 17 g protein) or nondairy (mini sandwich-type cookies, 37.5 g, 175 kcal, 7.5 g fat, 1.3 g protein) snack containing 25 g of available carbohydrates. Ad libitum FI was measured 120 min after snack consumption. Blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured at 0 min (before the snack), and at 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after snack consumption. Insulin secretion was calculated from deconvolution of C-peptide. Hepatic insulin extraction was calculated as C-peptide divided by insulin. FI did not differ between snacks (P = 0.55). Mean blood glucose was lower (P < 0.001) and insulin higher (P < 0.0001) in the 120 min after consuming the dairy snack. C-Peptide concentrations (P = 0.75) and insulin secretion (P = 0.37) were not different between snacks. The increase in insulin was explained by reduced hepatic insulin extraction (P < 0.01). Consumption of the dairy snack also increased mean GLP-1 concentrations (P < 0.001). In conclusion, consumption of a dairy snack by NW and OW/OB children results in reduced postprandial blood glucose concentrations and elevated circulating insulin compared with a nondairy snack possibly because of delayed hepatic insulin extraction.
Sustainable Offloading in Mobile Cloud Computing
Authors: Boukerche Azzedine , Guan Shichao , Grande Robson E. De
Published: February 2019

Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) has been extensively explored to be applied as a vital tool to enhance the capabilities of mobile devices, increasing computing power, expanding storage capacity, and prolonging battery life. Offloading works as the fundamental feature that enables MCC to relieve task load and extend data storage through an accessible cloud resource pool. Several initiatives have drawn attention to delivering MCC-supported energy-oriented offloading as a method to cope with a lately steep increase in the number of rich mobile applications and the enduring limitations of battery technologies. However, MCC offloading relieves only the burden of energy consumption of mobile devices; performance concerns about Cloud resources, in most cases, are not considered when dynamically allocating them for dealing with mobile tasks. The application context of MCC, encompassing urban computing, aggravates the situation with very large-scale scenarios, posing as a challenge for achieving greener solutions in the scope of Cloud resources. Thus, this article gathers and analyzes recent energy-aware offloading protocols and architectures, as well as scheduling and balancing algorithms employed toward Cloud green computing. This survey provides a comparison among system architectures by identifying their most notable advantages and disadvantages. The existing enabling frameworks are categorized and compared based on the stage of the task offloading process and resource management types, describing current open challenges and future research directions.
Modularisation of Sequent Calculi for Normal and Non-normal Modalities
Authors: Lellmann Björn , Pimentel Elaine
Published: February 2019

In this work, we explore the connections between (linear) nested sequent calculi and ordinary sequent calculi for normal and non-normal modal logics. By proposing local versions to ordinary sequent rules, we obtain linear nested sequent calculi for a number of logics, including, to our knowledge, the first nested sequent calculi for a large class of simply dependent multimodal logics and for many standard non-normal modal logics. The resulting systems are modular and have separate left and right introduction rules for the modalities, which makes them amenable to specification as bipole clauses. While this granulation of the sequent rules introduces more choices for proof search, we show how linear nested sequent calculi can be restricted to blocked derivations, which directly correspond to ordinary sequent derivations.
National-scale Traffic Model Calibration in Real Time with Multi-source Incomplete Data
Authors: Zhang Desheng , He Tian , Zhang Fan
Published: February 2019

Real-time traffic modeling at national scale is essential to many applications, but its calibration is extremely challenging due to its large spatial and fine temporal coverage. The existing work is focused on urban-scale calibration with complete field data from
single data sources
(e.g., loop sensors or taxis), which cannot be generalized to national scale because complete single-source field data at national scale are almost impossible to obtain. To address this challenge, in this article, we design MultiCalib, a model calibration framework to optimize traffic models based on
multiple incomplete data sources
at national scale in real time. Instead of simply combining multi-source data, we theoretically formulate a multi-source model calibration problem based on real-world contexts and multi-view learning. In particular, we design (i) convex multi-view learning to integrate multi-source data by quantifying biases of data sources, and (ii) context-aware tensor decomposition to infer incomplete multi-source data by extracting real-world contexts. More importantly, we implement and evaluate MultiCalib with two heterogeneous nationwide vehicle networks with 340,000 vehicles to infer traffic conditions on 36 expressways and 119 highways, along with four cities across China. The results show that MultiCalib outperforms baseline calibration by 25% on average with the same input data. Based on the proposed national-scale traffic model calibration, we design a novel dispatching framework integrated with our speed calibration model where we guide a vehicular fleet among national-scale highways with a routing strategy to reduce general traveling time. The results show that a routing strategy based on MultiCalib outperforms a routing strategy based on a state-of-the-art traffic model by 45% on average.
Walking in smart cities
Authors: Alavi Hamed S. , Bahrami Farzaneh
Published: February 2019

Interaction design is increasingly about embedding interactive technologies in our built environment; architecture is increasingly about the use of interactive technologies to reimagine and dynamically repurpose our built environment. This forum focuses on this intersection of interaction and architecture. ---
Mikael Wiberg, Editor
Design patterns for managing up
Authors: Matsudaira Kate
Published: February 2019

Four challenging work situations and how to handle them.
It's about power
Authors: Vakil Sepehr , Higgs Jennifer
Published: February 2019

A call to rethink ethics and equity in computing education.
An interview with Indrajit Roy
Authors: Anjum Bushra
Published: February 2019

Indrajit Roy is a staff engineer at Google. He is currently working on peta-scale distributed databases. Previously, he was a principal researcher at HP Labs where he led the development of Distributed R, an open source HP product that brings the benefits of parallelism to data scientists. Roy received his Ph.D. in computer science from UT Austin. He is also an inaugural member of the ACM Future of Computing Academy.
Performance enhancement of extended AFDX via bandwidth reservation for TSN/BLS shapers
Authors: Finzi A. , Mifdaoui A. , Frances F. , Lochin E.
Published: February 2019

To support mixed-criticality applications, the AFDX may integrate multiple traffic classes: Safety-Critical Traffic (SCT) with hard realtime constraints, Rate-Constrained (RC) traffic requiring bounded latencies and Best Effort (BE) traffic with no delivery constraints. These traffic classes are managed based on a Non-Preemptive Strict Priority (NP-SP) Scheduler, where the highest priority traffic (SCT) is shaped with a Burst Limiting Shaper (BLS). The latter has been defined by the Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) task group to limit the impact of high priority flows on lower priority ones. This paper proposes two bandwidth reservation methods for BLS shapers in AFDX networks. The proposed methods are evaluated on a realistic AFDX configuration. Results show their efficiency to noticeably enhance the RC delay bounds and the SCT schedulability, in comparison to an intuitive method.
Thoughts on load distribution and the role of programmable switches
Authors: McCauley James , Panda Aurojit , Krishnamurthy Arvind , Shenker Scott
Published: February 2019

The trend towards powerfully programmable network switching hardware has led to much discussion of the exciting new ways in which it can be used. In this paper, we take a step back, and examine how it should be used.
Open collaborative hyperpapers
Authors: Dainotti Alberto , Holz Ralph , Kühlewind Mirja , Lutu Andra , Sommers Joel , Trammell Brian
Published: February 2019

Drawing on discussions at various venues, we envision a publishing ecosystem for Internet science, supporting publications that are self-contained, interactive, multi-level, open, and collaborative. These publications, which we dub
hyperpapers,
not only address issues with reproducibility and verifiability of research in Internet science and measurement, but have the potential to increase the impact of our work and change how collaborations work in the field. This note announces initial experiments with Internet measurement hyperpapers with the help of common, tested technologies in data science and software development, and is a call to action to others to come build out this vision with us.
La educación no formal: una herramienta importante para la formación del estudiante de medicina
Authors: De Benedictis Serrano Ginno Alessandro , Camel Calderon Orianna Gabriela , Sequera Torres Nahir José , Alvarez Romero Esbery Delia
Published: February 2019

El impacto de la educación desde sus diferentes aristas es invaluable, especialmente en el ámbito universitario y resaltado en la carrera de medicina, por lo que se reconoce a la educación como un concepto extenso, pudiéndose simplificar en tres tipos: educación formal, educación no formal y educación informal. Las definiciones otorgadas a los tipos de educación son amplias, destacando la educación no formal, la cual envuelve a toda actividad que sea educativa, organizada y sistematizada que no implique necesariamente una trayectoria fija, que facilite determinadas clases de aprendizajes, pudiéndose realizar fuera del marco del sistema tradicional de educación, optando o no por certificación. Actualmente la educación no formal se presenta como alternativa o complemento a la educación formal, por lo cual se realizó la presente revisión de la literatura con el objetivo de examinar las implicaciones que tiene la educación no formal como complemento para la educación médica. Con la idea de desarrollar la educación no formal en el recinto universitario, de manera paralela a la educación formal, se procura que el estudiante de medicina, tenga formación durante y después de su desarrollo profesional, fomentando la educación médica continua, creando un aprendizaje activo, independiente y auto - dirigido, alivianado de la presión de la educación tradicional y que este tipo de educación se presente como  una herramienta importante para renovar los esquemas de enseñanza y aprendizaje, apoyada por las tecnologías de la Información y comunicación así como por los recursos educativos abiertos.
A Phase I Study of Pegylated Arginine Deiminase (Pegargiminase), Cisplatin, and Pemetrexed in Argininosuccinate Synthetase 1-Deficient Recurrent High-grade Glioma
Authors: Hall Peter E. , Lewis Rachel , Syed Nelofer , Shaffer Richard , Evanson Jane , Ellis Stephen , Williams Matthew , Feng Xiaoxing , Johnston Amanda , Thomson Jim A. , Harris Fiona P. , Jena Raj , Matys Tomasz , Jefferies Sarah , Smith Kate , Wu Bor-Wen , Bomalaski John S. , Crook Timothy , O'Neill Kevin , Paraskevopoulos Dimitris , Khadeir Ramsay S. , Sheaff Michael , Pacey Simon , Plowman Piers N. , Szlosarek Peter W.
Published: February 2019

Purpose:

Patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas (HGG) are usually managed with alkylating chemotherapy ± bevacizumab. However, prognosis remains very poor. Preclinically, we showed that HGGs are a target for arginine depletion with pegargiminase (ADI-PEG20) due to epimutations of argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1) and/or argininosuccinate lyase (ASL). Moreover, ADI-PEG20 disrupts pyrimidine pools in ASS1-deficient HGGs, thereby impacting sensitivity to the antifolate, pemetrexed.

Patients and Methods:

We expanded a phase I trial of ADI-PEG20 with pemetrexed and cisplatin (ADIPEMCIS) to patients with ASS1-deficient recurrent HGGs (NCT02029690). Patients were enrolled (01/16–06/17) to receive weekly ADI-PEG20 36 mg/m2 intramuscularly plus pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 and cisplatin 75 mg/m2 intravenously once every 3 weeks for up to 6 cycles. Patients with disease control were allowed ADI-PEG20 maintenance. The primary endpoints were safety, tolerability, and preliminary estimates of efficacy.

Results:

Ten ASS1-deficient heavily pretreated patients were treated with ADIPEMCIS therapy. Treatment was well tolerated with the majority of adverse events being Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.03 grade 1-2. The best overall response was stable disease in 8 patients (80%). Plasma arginine was suppressed significantly below baseline with a reciprocal increase in citrulline during the sampling period. The anti–ADI-PEG20 antibody titer rose during the first 4 weeks of treatment before reaching a plateau. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.2 months (95% confidence interval (CI), 2.5–20.8) and overall survival was 6.3 months (95% CI, 1.8–9.7).

Conclusions:

In this recurrent HGG study, ADIPEMCIS was well tolerated and compares favorably to historical controls. Additional trials of ADI-PEG20 in HGG are planned.
Low‐Gradient Severe Mitral Stenosis: Hemodynamic Profiles, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcomes
Authors: El Sabbagh Abdallah , Reddy Yogesh N. V. , Barros‐Gomes Sergio , Borlaug Barry A. , Miranda William R. , Pislaru Sorin V. , Nishimura Rick A. , Pellikka Patricia A.
Published: February 2019

Background

Optimal management of patients with severe mitral stenosis (
MS
) and low transmitral gradient is incompletely understood.

Methods and Results

We examined 101 consecutive patients with severe rheumatic
MS
(mitral valve area ≤1.5 cm
2
) who underwent balloon valvuloplasty. Low gradient was defined as mean transmitral gradient <10 mm Hg and low flow as stroke volume index ≤35 mL/m
2
by echocardiography. Symptoms and mortality data were collected. Systolic, diastolic, and arterial function were characterized by measuring left ventricular (LV) end‐systolic elastance,
LV
stiffness constant (β), diastolic capacitance (predicted LV end‐diastolic volume at a common LV filling pressure of 30 mm Hg), and effective arterial elastance. Low gradient (<10 mm Hg) was present in 55 patients, including low flow/low gradient in 11 and normal flow/low gradient in 44 patients, and high gradient was present in 46 patients. Participants with low‐flow/low‐gradient (LG)
MS
were older with higher rates of atrial fibrillation (64%) and subvalvular thickening, higher afterload, and decreased
LV
compliance with lower ejection fraction (57±10% versus 65±4% versus 63±6%,
P
=0.002) but similar end‐systolic elastance compared with patients with normal‐flow/
LG
and high‐gradient
MS
. The normal‐flow/
LG
group had larger mitral valve area and lower left atrial pressure by catheterization, as well as favorable long‐term outcomes compared with the low‐flow/
LG
and high‐gradient
MS
group. A total of 40% of patients with
LG MS
had no symptomatic benefit from valvuloplasty compared with 18% of patients with high‐gradient
MS
(
P
=0.02).

Conclusions

Presence of low gradient in patients with severe
MS
was associated with lesser symptomatic benefit from valvuloplasty. In the subset with low stroke volume index, this may be related to independent ventricular‐vascular uncoupling, decreased
LV
compliance, and high prevalence of atrial fibrillation in addition to intrinsic
MS
.
Intraarterial Thrombolysis as Rescue Therapy for Large Vessel Occlusions
Authors: Zaidi Syed F. , Castonguay Alicia C. , Jumaa Mouhammad A. , Malisch Tim W. , Linfante Italo , Marden Franklin A. , Abraham Michael G. , Chebl Alex Bou , Novakovic Roberta , Taqi M. Asif , Nogueira Raul G. , Martin Coleman O. , Holloway William E. , Mueller-Kronast Nils , English Joey D. , Dabus Guilherme , Bozorgchami Hormozd , Xavier Andrew , Rai Ansaar T. , Froehler Michael T. , Badruddin Aamir , Nguyen Thanh N. , Yoo Albert J. , Shaltoni Hashem , Janardhan Vallabh , Chen Peng R. , Britz Gavin W. , Kaushal Ritesh , Nanda Ashish , Gupta Rishi , Zaidat Osama O.
Published: February 2019

Background and Purpose—

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) devices have led to improved reperfusion and clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients with emergent large vessel occlusions; however, less than one-third of patients achieve complete reperfusion. Use of intraarterial thrombolysis in the context of MT may provide an opportunity to enhance these results. Here, we evaluate the use of intraarterial rtPA (recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator) as rescue therapy (RT) after failed MT in the North American Solitaire Stent-Retriever Acute Stroke registry.

Methods—

The North American Solitaire Stent-Retriever Acute Stroke registry recruited sites within North America to submit data on acute ischemic stroke patients treated with the Solitaire device. After restricting the population of 354 patients to use of RT and anterior emergent large vessel occlusions, we compared patients who were treated with and without intraarterial rtPA after failed MT.

Results—

A total of 37 and 44 patients was in the intraarterial rtPA RT and the no intraarterial rtPA RT groups, respectively. Revascularization success (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction ≥2b) was achieved in more intraarterial rtPA RT patients (61.2% versus 46.6%;
P
=0.13) with faster times to recanalization (100±85 versus 164±235 minutes;
P
=0.36) but was not statistically significant. The rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (13.9% versus 6.8%;
P
=0.29) and mortality (42.9% versus 44.7%;
P
=0.87) were similar between the groups. Good functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of ≤2) was numerically higher in intraarterial rtPA patients (22.9% versus 18.4%;
P
=0.64). Further restriction of the RT population to M1 occlusions only and time of onset to groin puncture ≤8 hours, resulted in significantly higher successful revascularization rates in the intraarterial rtPA RT cohort (77.8% versus 38.9%;
P
=0.02).

Conclusions—

Intraarterial rtPA as RT demonstrated a similar safety and clinical outcome profile, with higher reperfusion rates achieved in patients with M1 occlusions. Prospective studies are needed to delineate the role of intraarterial thrombolysis in MT.
TEKNOLOJİ GELİŞTİRME BÖLGESİ YÖNETİCİ ŞİRKETLERİNİN AR-GE VE YENİLİKÇİ ETKİNLİKLERİNİN VERİ ZARFLAMA ANALİZİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: BAYKUL Ayşegül , ORUÇ Kenan Oğuzhan , DULUPÇU Murat Ali
Published: February 2019

Bu çalışmada 4691 sayılı Teknoloji Geliştirme Bölgeleri (TGB) Kanunu kapsamında TGB’lerin yönetimi ve işletmesinden sorumlu yönetici şirketlerin ar-ge ve yenilikçi etkinliklerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda 2014 yılı verileri ile 39 TGB yönetici şirketinin ar-ge ve yenilikçi etkinliği veri zarflama analizi yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Etkinlik ölçümünde dört girdi (anahtar personel sayısı, firma sayısı, paydaş üniversite puanı, ilin inovasyon endeks puanı) ve iki çıktı (ar-ge gelirleri, toplam fikri mülkiyet sayısı) kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda CCR modeline göre 13, BCC modeline göre 24 TGB etkin bulunmuştur.
5-6 YAŞ GRUBU ÇOCUKLARIN OYUN BECERİLERİ İLE AİLE-ÇOCUK İLETİŞİMLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: SEZER Türker , YILMAZ Elif , KOÇYİĞİT Sinan
Published: February 2019

Bu araştırmada, çocukların oyun becerileri ile aile-çocuk iletişimi ve etkileşimi arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu temel amacın yanı sıra çocukların cinsiyetinin aile-çocuk iletişimi ve çocukların oyun becerilerine etkileri incelenmiştir. İlişkisel tarama modeline uygun olarak tasarlanan araştırmanın çalışma grubu, 2014-2015 eğitim öğretim yılında Erzurum il merkezindeki kolay ulaşılabilirlik ilkesi doğrultusunda belirlenen okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam eden, 5-6 yaş grubu 96 (%42,1) erkek ve 132 (%57,9) kız olmak üzere toplam 228 çocuktan oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Oyun Becerileri Değerlendirme Ölçeği ve Anne-Baba-Çocuk İletişimini Değerlendirme Aracı (ABÇİDA) ile elde edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, çocukların oyun becerileri ile anne-baba-çocuk iletişiminin ilişkili olduğu, anne-baba-çocuk arasında gerçekleşen konuşma, dinleme, mesaj, sözsüz iletişim ve empati kurma biçimlerinde ortaya çıkan iletişimin, çocukların oyun becerilerini etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca anne-baba-çocuk iletişiminin çocukların oyun becerilerini yordadığı belirlenmiştir. Oyun becerilerine ilişkin toplam varyansın %21,2’sinin “Sözsüz iletişim” alt boyutuyla, %17,8’inin “Konuşma” alt boyutuyla, %16,6’sının “Empati” alt boyutuyla, %14,5’inin “Dinleme” alt boyutuyla ve %9,1’inin “Mesaj” alt boyutuyla açıklandığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Özellikle aile içi iletişimin çocuğun oyun becerilerini önemli ölçüde yordaması bu araştırmanın en önemli sonucu olarak ifadeedilebilir. Bu bulguların yanı sıra çocukların cinsiyetinin oyun becerilerini ve aile-çocuk iletişimini etkilemediği belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular alanyazın ışığında tartışılmış, anne-baba-çocuk iletişiminin çocukların oyun becerilerine olan etkisi vurgulanarak ailenin önemi üzerinde durulmuştur.
Danish Cold War Historiography
Authors: Mariager Rasmus
Published: February 2019

For decades, little research on Danish Cold War history was conducted either inside or outside Denmark. The relevant archives were closed, and generations of Danish contemporary historians were primarily interested in what happened during World War II. This is no longer the situation. Over the past 35 years, especially since the end of the Cold War, researchers have scrutinized Danish Cold War history in great depth. By now, scholarly research in Denmark on the Cold War, especially in the area of Danish national security affairs and foreign policy, has reached a level that merits international attention, and this survey article provides an overview. The article encourages Danish Cold War scholars to promote comparative research that incorporates Danish Cold War history into the wider international Cold War scholarship, to the benefit of both Danish and international research.
Top–Down Attention Is Limited Within but Not Between Feature Dimensions
Authors: Adamian Nika , Slaustaite Elena , Andersen Søren K.
Published: February 2019

In natural vision, processing of spatial and nonspatial features occurs simultaneously; however, the two types of attention in charge of facilitating this processing have distinct mechanisms. Here, we tested the independence of spatial and feature-based attention at different stages of visual processing by examining color-based attentional selection while spatial attention was focused or divided. Human observers attended to one or two of four fields of randomly moving dots presented in both left and right visual hemifields. In the focused attention condition, the target stimulus was defined both by color and location, whereas in the divided attention condition stimuli of the target color had to be attended in both hemifields. Sustained attentional selection was measured by means of steady-state visual evoked potentials elicited by each of the frequency-tagged flickering dot fields. Additionally, target and distractor selection was assessed with ERPs to these stimuli. We found that spatial and color-based attention independently modulated the amplitude of steady-state visual evoked potentials, confirming independent top–down influences on early visual areas. In contrast, P3 amplitudes elicited only by targets and distractors of the attended color were subject to space-based enhancement, suggesting increasing integration of spatial and feature-based selection over the course of perceptual processing.
Two new species in the genus Indolipa Emeljanov, 2001 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae: Pentastirini) from China
Authors: LUO YANG , LIU JING-JIE , FENG JI-NIAN
Published: February 2019

Two new species of the family Cixiidae, Indolipa fopingensis, sp. nov. and Indolipa huapingensis, sp. nov., from China, are described and illustrated. A checklist to all species of this genus in the world and an identification key to Chinese species are provided. Host plants and a map of their geographic distribution are also provided.
Two new damselflies of the genus Idiocnemis Selys from Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea (Odonata: Platycnemididae)
Authors: GASSMANN DIRK , RICHARDS STEPHEN J.
Published: February 2019

Two new species of the genus Idiocnemis Selys, 1886 from southern Papua New Guinea are described: Idiocnemis lakekamuensis sp. nov. from the Lakekamu Basin and I. milou sp. nov. from Lakekamu and the Kikori River lowlands. Males and females are illustrated and compared with other species of the Idiocnemis bidentata group. Both new species are known only from the Papuan Gulf Foreland area of endemism and may be considered endemic to it.
A Methodological Approach to Assess the Co-Behavior of Climate Processes over Southern Africa
Authors: Quagraine Kwesi A. , Hewitson Bruce , Jack Christopher , Pinto Izidine , Lennard Christopher
Published: February 2019

The study develops an approach to assess co-behavior of climate processes. The regional response of precipitation and temperature patterns over southern Africa to the combined roles (co-behavior) of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Antarctic Oscillation (AAO), and intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is evaluated. Self-organizing maps (SOMs) classify circulation patterns over the subcontinent, and principal component analysis (PCA) is used to identify related patterns across the data. The tropical rain belt index (TRBI), a measure of the ITCZ, is generally in phase with the AAO but mostly out of phase with ENSO. The phases of AAO may enhance or suppress ENSO impact on the location and distribution of regional precipitation and temperature over the region. This understanding of the co-behavior of large-scale processes is important to assess the impact these processes collectively have on precipitation and temperature, especially under future climate forcings.