bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nail Psoriasis: Diagnosis, Assessment, Treatment Options, and Unmet Clinical Needs
Authors: Kaeley Gurjit S. , Eder Lihi , Aydin Sibel Zehra , Rich Phoebe , Bakewell Catherine J.
Published: February 2021

Objective

An estimated 40–50% of patients with psoriasis (PsO) have psoriatic nail disease, which is associated with and directly contributes to a greater clinical burden and worse quality of life in these patients. In this review, we examine how recent advances in the use of new diagnostic techniques have led to improved understanding of the link between nail and musculoskeletal manifestations of psoriatic disease (PsD; e.g., enthesitis, arthritis) and we review targeted therapies for nail PsO (NP).

Methods

We performed a literature search to identify which systemic therapies approved for the treatment of PsO and/or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have been evaluated for the treatment of NP, either as a primary or secondary outcome. A total of 1546 articles were identified on February18, 2019, and evaluated for relevance.

Results

We included findings from 66 articles on systemic therapies for the treatment of NP in PsD. With several scoring systems available for the evaluation of psoriatic nail disease, including varied subtypes and application of the Nail Psoriasis Area Severity Index, there was a high level of methodological heterogeneity across studies.

Conclusion

NP is an important predictor of enthesitis, which is associated with the early stages of PsA; therefore, it is important for rheumatologists and dermatologists to accurately diagnose and treat NP to prevent nail damage and potentially delay the onset and progression of joint disease. Further research is needed to address the lack of both standardized NP scoring systems and well-defined treatment guidelines to improve management of PsD.
Prologue: 2020 Annual Meeting of the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA)
Authors: Callis Duffin Kristina , Gottlieb Alice B. , O’Sullivan Denis , Gladman Dafna D. , McFarland Lynne V.
Published: February 2021

The Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) held its annual meeting in 2020 in an online format due to travel restrictions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19; caused by SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. The virtual meeting was attended by 351 rheumatologists, dermatologists, representatives of biopharmaceutical companies, and patient research partners. Similar to previous years, GRAPPA’s annual meeting focused on the 3 overlapping missions of education, research, and clinical care of psoriatic disease. Trainee sessions this year included the annual trainee symposium and a grant-writing workshop. Plenary sessions included updates on COVID-19 and psoriatic disease from multispecialty and patient perspectives, and updates on pustular psoriasis and associated musculoskeletal manifestations. Progress on research and updates were presented for the following groups: Collaborative Research Network, Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Psoriatic Arthritis Working Group, International Dermatology Outcome Measures, Composite Measures, Education Committee, and Treatment Guidelines. New this year were 3 concurrent workshops on ultrasound assessment of joints and entheses, magnetic resonance imaging of psoriatic arthritis, and pustular psoriasis efficacy endpoints; 6 “Meet the Expert” sessions; and facilitated “poster tours.” In our prologue, we introduce the papers that summarize this meeting.
GRAPPA 2020 Update From the Education Committee
Authors: Mease Philip J. , Garg Amit , Helliwell Philip S.
Published: February 2021

In response to the travel restrictions due to the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019; caused by SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and recognizing that virtual meetings and symposia may play an important role in 2021, the education committee reviewed future directions and ideas for virtual symposia over a wide diversity of topics.
GRAPPA 2019 Research Recipient Awards Report
Authors: Kavanaugh Arthur , Ishchenko Alla , Lories Rik J. , de Vlam Kurt , Shi Zhenrui , Raychaudhuri Siba P. , Hwang Sam T.
Published: February 2021

A summary of the research conducted by the recipients of the 2019 Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) Research Awards is presented. Dr. Alla Ishchenko’s project was “Role of Metabolomics in Diagnosis, Disease Severity, and Progression in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: A 2-year Prospective Pilot Study” and Dr. Zhenrui Shi’s project was “Preclinical Analysis of CCR6 and CCL20 in Mouse and Human Joints, Respectively, as Targets of Therapeutic Intervention in Psoriatic Arthritis.”
Long-term Outcomes and Complications of the New Carlevale Sutureless Scleral Fixation Posterior Chamber IOL
Authors: Vaiano Agostino S. , Hoffer Kenneth J. , Greco Antonio , Greco Andrea , D'Amico Giovanni , Pasqualitto Valerio , Carlevale Carlo , Savini Giacomo
Published: February 2021

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the visual outcomes and possible complications of a new foldable sutureless scleral fixation intraocular lens (SSF-IOL), the Carlevale IOL (Soleko).

METHODS:

The SSF-IOL, which has two T-shaped self-blocking plugs on each haptic, was inserted into the posterior chamber. Both haptics was grabbed through two sclerotomies and the two short arms were blocked under the scleral flap, without any suture. A complete clinical evaluation was done preoperatively and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.

RESULTS:

A total of 54 eyes of 50 consecutive patients were retrospectively analyzed. The mean corrected distance visual acuity was 0.93 ± 0.61 logMAR preoperatively and improved to 0.42 ± 0.34 logMAR at 3 months, 0.42 ± 0.37 logMAR at 6 months, and 0.38 ± 0.38 logMAR at 12 months postoperatively (all
P
< .0001). The mean corneal endothelial cell density decreased from 1,725.37 ± 528.06 to 1,612.81 ± 522.91 cells/mm
2
at 12 months postoperatively (
P
< .0001). The mean IOL tilt value was 3.1 ± 1.1° at 12 months postoperatively. The authors observed 6 cases (11.1%) of intraoperative rupture of the IOL haptics, 4 cases (7.4%) of early hyphema, 4 cases (7.4%) of macular cystoid edema, 2 cases (3.7%) of haptic exposure under the conjunctiva, and 1 (1.8%) late retinal detachment.

CONCLUSIONS:

This newly introduced surgical technique provided promising results regarding efficacy and safety. Complications occurred in a few cases and were successfully managed. The Carlevale IOL seems to be a surgical solution combining the advantages of an easy and minimally invasive implantation with a good functional recovery with minimal complications.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(2):126–132.]
Improving Teen Girls' Skills for Using Electronic Health Information
Authors: Zaim Hannah , Keedy Hannah , Dolce Millie , Chisolm Deena
Published: February 2021

Background:

In a world increasingly dependent on the Internet for information, it is not surprising that people use the internet to find answers to their health-related questions. Research has shown that teen girls are more likely to search for health information online than boys, but that they do not feel confident in using the information they find.

Objective:

To address this disparity, teen girls were engaged in the process of developing a teen-friendly, internet-based tool that explains the best way to find, evaluate, and use online health information.

Methods:

Focus groups were held with girls and their parents to inform the design of the tool. After collaborating with information technology, marketing, and video production teams, a tool was developed consisting of a webpage, videos, and an interactive game. The efficacy and acceptability of the tool were tested among our target demographic through a usability trial.

Key Results:

Parent and teen focus groups informed the three-step design of the tool. Teen girls reported significantly higher levels of eHealth literacy after using the tool. Dissemination of the tool through a national targeted ad campaign generated web traffic to the tool.

Conclusions:

An internet-based training tool has been shown to improve teen girls' eHealth literacy. Findings from this developmental study can be used to inform efforts to improve eHealth literacy in adolescent girls.

[
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice.
2021;5(1):e26–e34.]

Plain Language Summary:

This research study used teen and parent input to help design an internet-based training tool to teach teen girls the best way to use the internet to find health information. Teen girls' ability to find, understand, and evaluate online health information significantly improved after using the tool. The tool was advertised throughout the United States on various social media platforms.
Los dibujos de Sevilla de Cecilia Montgomery (1792-1879) en su viaje por la península ibérica
Authors: Sorowka Martin Paul
Published: February 2021

El Museo Ashmolean de Oxford, Inglaterra, conserva dieciocho dibujos de arquitectura de Andalucía y siete de Portugal realizados por Cecilia Montgomery (1792-1879) durante un viaje por la península ibérica entre mayo y junio de 1838. Estas fechas tan tempranas posiblemente hacen de Montgomery la primera mujer artista-viajera de la que tenemos constancia en el sur de España. Sus dibujos son algo más que simples recuerdos, más bien son representaciones de temas arquitectónicos. Su importancia histórica se puede adscribir a su singularidad; algunos de ellos son las representaciones más antiguas de ciertos encuadres mientras que otros son los únicos documentos existentes de edificios desaparecidos. Debe destacarse la figura de su marido y compañero de viaje, George Augustus Montgomery (1793-1842), que rehabilitó la iglesia donde era rector con esculturas adquiridas en este viaje. Las ideas del matrimonio Montgomery, tanto arquitectónicas como religiosas, servirán en este artículo para interpretar dichos dibujos.
Interculturalité et apprentissage à distance en formation d’enseignants
Authors: Chartofylaka Lamprini , Odacre Elisabeth , Delcroix Antoine
Published: February 2021

L’étude rend compte d’une expérimentation, réalisée dans le cadre du projet « Technologies éducatives pour l'enseignement en contexte – TEEC », ayant mis en contact des étudiants de l’Université des Antilles et de l’Université du Québec à Montréal. Ces étudiants se destinent au métier de professeur et bénéficient tous d’un enseignement d’histoire. Les traits culturels (communs et spécifiques) des deux territoires ont été exploités dans un scénario pédagogique élaboré avec l’objectif de contribuer à la construction de conceptions robustes sur des concepts sociaux historiques communs aux deux programmes de formation. Une série d’échanges synchrones (par visioconférence) entre les étudiants montre qu’ils prennent conscience que les mêmes concepts peuvent être enseignés au travers d’entrées thématiques différentes, dépendant d’éléments socioculturels propres à chaque territoire. Cependant, leurs conceptions restent conditionnées par les approches retenues dans l’enseignement scolaire qu’ils ont suivi.
Bousculer pour développer des compétences interculturelles en master MEEF
Authors: Lemoine-Bresson Véronique
Published: February 2021

Dans cet article, après avoir exposé un dispositif pédagogique universitaire, nous montrons à travers les résultats d’une étude, comment les étudiants futurs enseignants développent des compétences interculturelles (CI) dans des productions collectives négociées et dans des écrits individuels autour de microaggressions1 vécues (Kyun, 2013). Les étudiants, en poste à mi-temps dans une classe, sont confrontés à des contextes hétérogènes dans les écoles, et assujettis à des injonctions au respect d’autrui. De nombreux chercheurs définissent la notion de CI comme un processus réflexif et (auto)critique qui tient compte des contextes situés dans lesquels les interlocuteurs interagissent. Dans un master Métiers de l’Enseignement, de l’Éducation et de la Formation (MEEF) d’une université des Hauts-de-France, le dispositif pédagogique d’une formation interculturelle est conçu en cohérence avec ce paradigme pour que les étudiants y développent des CI. Innovant, le dispositif bouscule l’idéologie dominante qui entoure les CI, à savoir le militantisme pour un vivre ensemble idéalisé, par le dialogue entre les étudiants. Enfin, les points de vigilance présentés ouvrent des portes pour d’autres parcours universitaires.
Profile of Kawasaki disease at a tertiary care center in India
Authors: Bhattad Sagar , Gupta Sandip , Israni Neha , Mohanty Sweta
Published: February 2021

Background:

Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in developed countries. KD is increasingly being reported from India; however, studies involving the large number of patients are few.

Methods:

All children presenting to the center from January 2017 to December 2019, diagnosed to have KD, were retrospectively included in the study. Clinical and laboratory profiles, including echocardiograms, were reviewed. Factors contributing to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) refractoriness and the development of coronary artery abnormalities (CAA) were assessed.

Results:

A total of 39 children with KD presented to the center during the study. While 32 received initial treatment at our center, seven were referred after the initial IVIg infusion. The age range was 2 months to 11 years (mean 42.15 ± 38.51 months). More than two-thirds of the cohort was male (n = 27/39). Mucosal involvement was the commonest clinical abnormality for the group, followed by rash. Hemoglobin was significantly lower in the group with coronary artery involvement (P = 0.001). CAA (61.5%), incomplete KD, and atypical features were much more common in infants compared to the rest. Refractoriness to treatment was significantly more common in infants (P = 0.029).

Conclusions:

A significant proportion of infants with KD had cardiac involvement. Infants were more likely to have IVIg-resistant disease.
Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis
Authors: Tale Sudheer , Prakash Vipul , Gangakhedkar Mihir , Kolli Mrudula , Garbhapu Anil Kumar , Sindhwani Girish
Published: February 2021

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a rare genetic disorder and the affected people often presented with shortness of breath on exertion and dry cough. Chest radiology shows diffuse micronodules with calcifications that are easily visible on noncontrast computed tomography scans. It is progressive disease and treatment is only supportive.
Organizing pneumonia as preliminary presentation of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ranga Vikrant , Gupta Amitesh , Mrigpuri Parul , Spalgais Sonam
Published: February 2021

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic disease frequently involving the respiratory system. Organizing pneumonia (OP) is a defined pulmonary manifestation seen in patients with RA-associated interstitial lung disease. Even though OP following articular involvement is common, rarely it could be the first manifestation of RA. We herein report a case of 45-year-old female, who presented with OP as the first manifestation of RA with negative serology at presentation.
Steroid Response Rate in Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome at a Tertiary Hospital in South-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Ibeneme Chikaodili Adaeze , Ezuruike Ezinwa Olekaibenma , Onuh Emeka Felix
Published: February 2021

Background:

Response to corticosteroids in childhood nephrotic syndrome (NS) remains the best prognostic marker of the disease. African children have been noted to respond poorly to corticosteroids. However, recent reports in some parts of Nigeria suggest high steroid responsiveness.

Objectives:

This study was done to determine the steroid response rate and associated clinical variables among children with NS in Umuahia, South-Eastern Nigeria.

Patients and Methods:

A retrospective, descriptive study of all the children managed for NS from June 2013 to June 2018 was retrieved and relevant information obtained. Data analysis was done using the SPSS software version 20.0 for Windows® (IBM SPSS Inc. 2011 Chicago, Illinois, USA).

Results:

A total of 30 children aged 2 years to 15 years with a median of 8 years were studied. Male-to-female ratio was 2:1. Fifteen patients achieved remission with steroid with remission rates of 50% overall and 62.5% among children with idiopathic NS. Patients that achieved remission had a lower mean age (mean difference = -5.13, confidence interval [CI] −7.73, −2.54; P < 0.001) compared to those that had steroid resistance. The frequency of steroid resistance in males was not different from females (odd ratio = 1, CI = 0.22–4.56; χ2 = 0.00 P = 1.00). Children aged 5 years and below had the highest remission rate, whereas those above the age of 10 years were all steroid resistant. There was no significant mean difference in the levels of serum albumin and total cholesterol among the children who achieved remission compared to nonresponders. Frequencies of hematuria, hypertension, and raised serum creatinine were not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusions:

About two-thirds of children with idiopathic NS in our center achieve complete remission with steroid therapy, whereas about one-third have steroid resistance which predominates after the age of 10 years. Frequency of some clinical variables such as hematuria, hypertension, and raised serum creatinine did not significantly differ among steroid responders compared to nonresponders.
Hepatitis B Virus Knowledge and Vaccination Status among Health-care Workers in Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Kooffreh-Ada Mbang , Okpokam Dorothy , Chukwudike Evaristus , Oku Afiong , Ameh Soter , Effa Emmanuel
Published: February 2021

Background and Objectives:

The World Health Organization estimates that 2 million health-care workers (HCWs) are at risk of occupational exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV), with the majority (90%) of such infections arising in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to determine HBV knowledge and vaccination uptake among HCWs.

Materials and Method:

This was a cross sectional analytical study conducted among 392 HCWs from two major health institutions in Calabar i.e. the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH) and the General Hospital Calabar (GHC), Cross river State. Multi-staged sampling method comprising of two stages was used to recruit participants into the study. The study population comprised of doctors, nurses, laboratory scientists/technologist, and other categories of HCWs such as pharmacists, ward orderlies, and mortuary attendants. A semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain data on the socio-demographic characteristics of HCWs, the knowledge of HCWs regarding HBV and vaccine. The analysis of data was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.

Study Design:

This was a cross-sectional, study of HCWs in Calabar.

Sampling Method:

Multi-staged sampling method was used to select participants from two major health institutions in Calabar, i.e., the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH) and the General Hospital Calabar (GHC). Thereafter, through balloting, simple random sampling technique was used to recruit the participants.

Study Population:

Three hundred and ninety-two HCWs were recruited from UCTH and GHC under the following categories: doctors, nurses, laboratory scientists/technologist, and other categories of HCWs such as pharmacists, ward orderlies, and mortuary attendants.

Data Management:

A semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain data on the socio-demographic characteristics of HCWs, the knowledge of HCWs regarding HBV and vaccine. The analysis of data was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.

Results:

Overall, 67.9% of the respondents were found to have adequate knowledge of HBV vaccination and infection. Less than half (43.4%) of HCWs admitted receiving three doses (i.e., full coverage) of the vaccine. Difficulty in accessing the vaccine (48, 23.4%) was identified as the major reason given for suboptimal vaccination.

Conclusion:

The knowledge of HBV infection and vaccination is quite modest among HCWs in Calabar. Despite this observation, the vaccination status among HCWs is unsatisfactory. The implication of the findings of our study for health policy and practice is to prevent further occupational exposure of HCWs to HBV infection through mandatory vaccination.
Telemedicine practice guidelines of India, 2020
Authors: Dinakaran Damodharan , Manjunatha Narayana , Kumar Channaveerachari Naveen , Math Suresh Bada
Published: February 2021

Telemedicine Guidelines of India, 2020 promises to pave a road map for regularization and diversification of teleconsultation services across the country. This guideline is the need of the hour, especially during the current coronavirus disease pandemic. All modes of communications (text, audio, video, etc.) between the service provider and user are included in the broad rubric of the guidelines. Scope, inclusions, exclusions, and restrictions are clearly specified in the guideline. Medications are grouped and listed for the specific type of consultation, and restricted drugs are notified. This guideline especially helps mitigate the gaps in legislation and reduces the uncertainty while providing a practical, safe, and cost-effective framework to improve healthcare service delivery in this article; the authors discuss the implications of this new guideline and the challenges during the implementation of teleconsultation services across the country.
Homogenization of the backward-forward mean-field games systems in periodic environments
Authors: Lions Pierre-Louis , Souganidis Panagiotis E.
Published: February 2021

We study the homogenization properties in the small viscosity limit and in periodic environments of the (viscous) backward-forward mean-field games system. We consider separated Hamiltonians and provide results for systems with (i) ‘‘smoothing’’ coupling and general initial and terminal data, and (ii) with ‘‘local coupling’’ but well-prepared data. The limit is a first-order forward-backward system. In the nonlocal coupling case, the averaged system is of mean field games-type, which is well-posed in some cases. For the problems with local coupling, the homogenization result is proved assuming that the formally obtained limit system has smooth solutions with well prepared initial and terminal data. It is also shown, using a very general example (potential mean field games), that the limit system is not necessarily of mean field games-type. A complete theory for such systems was developed by the authors in [28].
Global Lipschitz extension preserving local constants
Authors: Di Marino Simone , Gigli Nicola , Pratelli Aldo
Published: February 2021

The intent of this short note is to extend real valued Lipschitz functions on metric spaces, while locally preserving the asymptotic Lipschitz constant. We then apply this results to give a simple and direct proof of the fact that Sobolev spaces on metric measure spaces defined with a relaxation approach à la Cheeger are invariant under isomorphism class of mm-structures.
Weighted strong laws of large numbers on variable exponent vector-valued Lebesgue spaces
Authors: Mukhamedov Farrukh , Rafeiro Humberto
Published: February 2021

We obtain weighted strong law of large numbers for a sequence of random variables belonging to variable exponent vector-valued Lebesgue spaces. As an application, we establish sufficient conditions for the convergence of weighted ergodic averages and weighted series of contractions in Banach spaces.
Dayanılmaz Peri Masalı: Bir Türün Kültürel ve Toplumsal Tarihi
Authors: ÇİNKO Kemal
Published: February 2021

Kendisini yazar, sanatçı, düşünce insanı ve hikâye anlatıcısı olarak tanımlayan Jack Zipes, çok yönlü kişiliğinin yansımalarını akademik sahada da birçok defa başarıyla göstermiş önemli bir bilim insanıdır. Karşılaştırmalı edebiyat alanında uzman olan Zipes, masal araştırmalarına olan adanmışlığı ile tanınmış ve verdiği birçok eserle folklor araştırmalarına önemli katkılar sağlamıştır. Zipes’ın Türkçeye çevrilen iki eserinden biri Dayanılmaz Peri Masalı: Bir Türün Kültürel ve Toplumsal Tarihi adlı eserdir. Zipes bu eserinde kültürel evrimci bir bakış açısıyla peri masalı türünün kültürel ve toplumsal tarihine ışık tutmaya çalışmıştır. Sözlü halk masalları ve edebî masalların arasındaki farklara dikkat çeken yazar, peri masalların farklı sahalarda yapılan yeniden yaratımlarını da odağına almıştır. Peri masalı türünün yüzyıllardan beri neden her çağda popülaritesini koruyan bir tür olduğu sorusuna yanıt arayan Zipes, bunu yaparken basit bir kronoloji vermekten öte türün toplumsal ve kültürel gelişimini ve bu gelişim sürecinde uğradığı değişimleri de gözler önüne sermiştir. Tüm bu özellikleriyle Dayanılmaz Peri Masalı: Bir Türün Kültürel ve Toplumsal Tarihi masal türünün gelişimine merak duyan herkesin görmesi gereken bir eser hükmündedir.
Las controversias sociocientíficas como herramienta didáctica para el desarrollo de la alfabetización científica
Authors: Díaz Moreno Naira , Caparrós Martín Ester , Sierra Nieto J. Eduardo
Published: February 2021

La desconexión existente entre la ciencia que es llevada a cabo por los científicos y la ciencia escolar es una realidad que se refleja no sólo en diferentes informes sino también en el creciente desinterés del alumnado por las cuestiones científicas. En este artículo nos planteamos la formación en competencias científicas y, más concretamente, la adquisición de la alfabetización científica a través de las cuestiones o controversias sociocientíficas (SSI). Las SSI acercan la llamada “ciencia en construcción” a la realidad del aula, despertando el interés del alumnado con temas controvertidos científica y socialmente. Estos problemas abiertos nos sirven como contexto para estudiar la ciencia y sobre la ciencia; y constituyen, además, una potente herramienta para alcanzar la denominada ciencias para todos y todas, una de las líneas de investigación más relevante en la enseñanza de las ciencias en los últimos años.
Refundar el ordenamiento laboral para juridificar plenamente el principio de justicia social y el trabajo decente
Authors: Monereo Pérez Jose Luis
Published: February 2021

Hablamos de refundar y modernizar el Derecho del Trabajo. Pues bien, las primeras interrogantes interrelacionadas que hay que plantear son las siguientes: ¿Modernizar para qué? ¿Refundar en qué sentido? A estos interrogantes se les puede dar una respuesta neoliberal que no parte de la garantía multinivel de los derechos fundamentales (más bien se puede decir que es ajena al lenguaje de los derechos), sino ante todo de establecer la creación de mercados de trabajo flexibles neutralizando o dejando en un segundo plano la finalidad fundamental del ordenamiento laboral de reducir la desigualdades económicas y sociales inherentes a la relación laboral y empoderar a los trabajadores a través de la reconocimiento del papel sociopolítico de las organizaciones sindicales de identidad colectiva del trabajo. Pero cabe otro tipo de respuesta radicalmente diferente, partiendo de que esos interrogantes incorporan un fin de política del Derecho, que en el constitucionalismo con Estado Social de Derecho no puede ser otra que la de garantizar la efectividad plan de los derechos sociales fundamentales y para que el Derecho del Trabajo sea una rama del ordenamiento jurídico que garantice un doble equilibrio: entre la racionalidad económica y la racionalidad social, por un lado, y por otro, un equilibrio de los poderes empresariales y sindicales en el ejercicio de la libertad sindical, la negociación colectiva y la huelga.
TO THE FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF THE KIPT TORSATRON PROGRAM
Authors: Voitsenya V.S. , Bykov V.E. , Rudakov V.A. , Bondarenko V.N. , Garkusha I.E.
Published: February 2021

The paper is dedicated to the 50th anniversary of controlled thermonuclear fusion studies performed at the KIPT on the specific stellarator-type experimental installations commonly referred to as “the torsatron”. Detailed data are reported on the operating thermonuclear facility “Uragan-2M”, the research results obtained with it, and also, the prospects for its use as a reactor. The advantages of the torsatron of this type are described, among them being the wide-range parameter variation capability. This is of importance for finding out the regularities related to plasma stability, heating and confinement.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF PLATEAU FORMATION BY AN ELECTRON BUNCH ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF AN ACCELERATING WAKEFIELD IN A PLASMA
Authors: Maslov V.I. , Ovsiannikov R.T. , Delerue N. , Kubytskyi V. , Levchuk I.P. , Onishchenko I.N.
Published: February 2021

Over the past decade the production of multi-gigaelectrons from laser-driven and electron-bunch-driven plasma accelerators has been successfully demonstrated. However, applications require improvements of accelerated bunch size and its energy spread. One promising candidate to satisfy these requirements is to externally inject an electron bunch into an electron-bunch-driven plasma accelerator. We present studies on the optimization of the self-consistent distribution of an accelerating wakefield of plateau type, which can lead to improvement of final quality of the externally injected and accelerated electron bunch, using simulations with the particle-in-cell code LCODE. We quantified the effect of the injected bunch density on the plateau formation in the blowout regime.
EFFECT OF DEPOSITION PARAMETERS ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HARD CA-PVD MULTICOMPONENT TiAlCrN AND TiAlCrCN COATINGS
Authors: Misiruk I.O. , Tymoshenko O.I. , Taran V.S. , Taran A.V. , Romaniuk S.P. , Skoblo T.S. , Mal’tsev T.V. , Plutargaev A.V. , Deryabkina E.S.
Published: February 2021

Multicomponent TiAlCrN and TiAlCrCN coatings were deposited using vacuum arc evaporation technique on AISI 430 stainless steel. The influence of working gas pressure, C/N ratio, bias voltage on the structure and tribomechanical properties of the obtained coatings has been studied. The surface morphology, chemical compound of the coatings obtained under the various conditions has been analyzed by SEM with EDX, XRD, and XRF analysis. The dry wear pad-on-disc tests against 100Cr6 counterbody at 20 N load have been carried out. It was established that Vickers micro-hardness was varied from 26 to 41 GPa depending on deposition parameters.
PLASMA-CHEMICAL METHOD OF GRAIN FUNGAL CONTAMINATION CONTROL
Authors: Taran G.V. , Pugach S.G. , Zamuriev A.A. , Opalev P.O. , Yaroshenko M.O.
Published: February 2021

The experimental results on the effect of grain treatment with ozone-air mixture on the level of artificial grain contamination with micromycetes are presented. The contamination dynamics for 1000 kg of wheat grain contaminated with Penicillium nordicum and Aspergillus flavus and stored in the prototype grain storage unit in ozone environment for 6 months is shown. The study on the effect of ozone on the growth inhibition of Aspergillus flavus for maize grain and Penicillium verrucosum for wheat grain in a 100 dm3 silo is presented. The effect of ozone on the content of aflatoxins in maize grain additionally contaminated with Aspergillus flavus is studied. The efficiency of ozone technologies for large-scale grain storage, as well as for reducing fungal contamination and controlling mycotoxin content in food grains, is shown.
Globalization and Security in Nigeria
Authors: Ovia Ebikaboere
Published: February 2021

Globalization is the ability by man to crisscross the world irrespective of geographical boundaries. Unhindered movement is an evidence of human development from simple manual efforts at achieving things in ancient times to sophisticated technological means in contemporary times. The free access to other nations is double edged, that is positive as well as negative however. The effect of globalization on the security of Nigeria shall be the focus of the paper. The type of weapons at the disposal of citizens before and after colonialism shall be examined. The sources of such weapons as well as their sophistication shall also be examined.
Democracy and Political Marketing in Nigeria: 2015, The Critical Turning Point
Authors: Olugbenga Akinola Olanrewaju , Heuva William
Published: February 2021

Nigeria’s current democratic dispensation which started in 1999 entered its sixteenth year with the general elections held between March 28 and April 11, 2015. This study takes a retrospective look at Nigeria’s democratic journey since independence, with particular emphasis on the 2015 Presidential elections won by the opposition All Progressive Congress’ (APC) candidate, General Mohammadu Buhari. The processes leading to the 2015 general elections; its results and reactions to the results and the electoral process are reviewed from the political marketing perspective. Survey, observation and review of relevant literature formed the body of data for the study. The study submits that market-oriented strategy is starting to evolve in Nigeria and also that the country has reached a critical juncture in her democratic journey and she cannot afford to slide back.
Geochemical Appraisals of Elemental Compositions of Stream Sediments and Some Vegetables from Village Hostel, University of Jos, Nigeria
Authors: Odewumi SC , Yohanna ID , Bulus JA , Ogbe I
Published: February 2021

This study focuses on geochemical appraisals of elemental compositions of stream sediments and some vegetables at Village Hostel, University of Jos. Stream sediments were collected from River Delimi and some vegetables were collected along the bank of river Delimi at Village Hostel, University of Jos. Two (2) stream sediments and four (4) vegetable samples (Spinach, lettuce, carrot and tomato) were selected for geochemical analysis and subjected to X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. The elemental compositions of stream sediments include: Mo (11.29 - 20.32 ppm), Zr (262.3 - 817.4 ppm), Sr (14.04 - 53.14 ppm), Rb (101.6 - 126.3 ppm), Th (13.30 - 21.96 ppm), Pb (20.43 - 30.43 ppm), As (6.98 - 21.01 ppm), Zn (101.3 - 272.5 ppm), Fe (9.54 - 40.86 wt.%) and Mn (119.5 - 199.4 ppm). The elemental values of Sr, Rb, Pb, Th, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu from stream sediments and some vegetables exceeded World Health Organizations (WHO) permissible limits and the vegetables can be harmful to the consumers. The values of Fe and Mn in the stream sediments suggest the occurrence of ferromagnesian minerals in the area. Higher values of Mo, Zr, Rb, Th, As, Zn, Co, Fe and Mn in the stream sediments than the vegetables suggests that the stream sediments have been enriched in hematite, zircon and manganite through weathering, dissolution and leaching of underlying mineralization and transported by erosion and runoffs along river Delimi. Higher values of Sr, Pb, Cu and Nb in the vegetables than the stream sediments are indicative of soil contaminations from geogenic and/or anthropogenic sources which were subsequently being absorbed by vegetables
Aeromonas hydrophila induces apoptosis in pufferfish, Takifugu obscurus
Authors: Cheng Chang-Hong , Guo Zhi-Xun , Wang An-Li
Published: February 2021

Aeromonas hydrophila is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen causing motile aeromonad septicemia, which results in great economic losses in freshwater fish farming. In this study, we investigated the effect of A. hydrophila on apoptosis of pufferfish blood cells. Total blood cell count, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cytoplasmic free-Ca2+ (cf-Ca2+) concentration, nitric oxide (NO) production, apoptotic cell ratio and the transcription levels of caspase-3 in the pufferfish blood cells were determined after A. hydrophila infection. Results showed that A. hydrophila infection significantly depressed the total blood cell count, and significantly increased ROS production, cf-Ca2+ concentration, NO production and apoptotic cell ratio. The transcription levels of caspase-3 increased significantly after A. hydrophila infection. Taken together, our results suggest that A. hydrophila infection alters ROS, cf-Ca2+, NO levels, and active caspase-3, which lead to cell apoptosis.
Molecular Characterization and Possible Immune Function of Two Members of Interleukin Family from Trachinotus ovatus
Authors: Zhu Kecheng , Guo Huayang , Zhang Nan , Jiang Shigui , Zhang Dianchang
Published: February 2021

Interleukins (ILs) are a group of cytokines which play a core regulatory role in the immune system. In the present study, two members of the IL family, IL7 and IL8, were detected in Trachinotus ovatus. IL7 and IL8 cDNAs of T. ovatus consist of a 492 bp and 300 bp ORF (open reading frame) encoding a polypeptide of 163 and 99 amino acids, respectively. Multiple sequence alignment revealed that IL7 and IL8 contain characteristic arrangements of several conserved cysteine residues, which in T. ovatus are in positions 20, 57, 67, 105, 140, 152 and 35, 37, 61, 78, respectively. The phylogenetic tree showed that all ILs fell into four categories. Moreover, IL7 and IL8 mRNA of T. ovatus were constitutively expressed at different levels in all examined tissues, except muscle. Transcripts of IL7 were mainly expressed in liver, intestine, kidney, stomach, and fin, while transcripts of IL8 were highly detected in the eye, liver, kidney, and intestine of healthy fish. After Photobacterium damselae innoculation, mRNA levels of IL7 were higher than IL8 in the spleen and intestine, however, mRNA expression levels of IL7 were lower than IL8 in kidney 3 h post-injection. These results suggest that the two IL molecules play an important role in the inflammatory response of T. ovatus.
Effects of Different Lipid Sources on the Growth Performance and Muscle Fatty Acid Composition of Juvenile Anguilla marmorata
Authors: Gan Lian , Li Xiao-xia , Zhou Li Liu , Zhu Shao Xuan , Dan Xue Ming , Liu Li , Tang Hui-juan , Li Gui feng , Wang Guang jun
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different oils on growth performance of juvenile Anguilla marmorata. Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets were formulated to contain fish oil (FO), sunflower oil (SFO), peanut oil (PO), corn oil (CO) and soybean oil (SBO), respectively, as lipid sources each at an inclusion level of 50 g/kg. The diets were fed to apparent satiation for 10 weeks, twice a day to triplicate tanks of 30 fish each with an initial body weight 6.00±0.06 g. Weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) of fish fed the FO and SBO diets were markedly higher than those fed the CO diet, while no other difference in WG and SGR were observed among other treatments. Fish fed FO and SBO diets had better feed utilization than the other diet fish groups. Muscle of fish fed the FO diet had significantly higher levels of C20:5n-3 and n-3/n-6 ratio compared with fish fed vegetable oil (VO) diets, while muscle n-6 PUFA and C18:2n-6 content showed an opposite trend. The present results suggest that soybean oil is a suitable replacement for fish oil for Anguilla marmorata.

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Effect of Dietary Surfactin Supplementation on Parameters Related to Lipid Metabolism of Orange-Spotted Grouper
Authors: Zhai S-W. , Sun X-W. , Chen X-H
Published: February 2021

This trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary surfactin supplementation on parameters related to lipid metabolism of orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) juveniles. Three hundred and sixty fish were randomly divided into 6 treatment groups, and fed dietary surfactin levels: S0 (control group), S25, S50, S100, S150, and S200 mg/kg, respectively. Four replicates with 15 fish per tank were randomly assigned to each group. The trial period was 56 days. The lipid levels in serum, liver, and whole fish, and some lipid metabolism enzymes in the liver were measured. When compared to fish fed no surfactin, fish fed diets supplemented with surfactin presented lower levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum; lower lipid levels in whole fish and liver (only 100 and 150 mg/kg surfactin groups) were observed. Dietary 100 mg/kg surfactin supplementation had the most influence on lipids level in serum, whole fish, and liver of orange-spotted grouper juveniles. Lower levels of fatty acid synthetase and higher activity of hepatic lipase and lipoprotein (lipase in liver) were affected only by 100 mg/kg surfactin supplementation in diet. The levels of acetyl CoA carboxylase were similar in all groups. This suggests that appropriate supplementation levels of surfactin in the diet of orange-spotted grouper juveniles might have beneficial effects on lipid metabolism to improve fish health status
Feeding Depths of Wild Caught Yellowfin Tuna Thunnus albacores Juveniles and Skipjack Tuna Katsuwonus pelamis in Sea Cages
Authors: Ma Z. , Wu S. , Meng X. , Yu G. , Wu Q.
Published: February 2021

This study was conducted in the lagoon of Mischief Reef, South China Sea to test the feasibility of feeding and rearing wild caught yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares and skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis juveniles in small, deep sea-water, cages. Fish started active feeding four days after transfer to the rearing cage. Initial feeding depth between yellowfin tuna and skipjack tuna was not significantly different (P > 0.05). The initial feeding depth for yellowfin tuna juveniles was 2.97±1.09 m, and skipjack tuna fed at 2.95 ± 0.77 m. After the 30 day rearing experiment specific growth rates of yellowfin tuna and skipjack tuna were: 0.25 ± 0.02 %/day and 0.32 ± 0.03%/day, respectively; survival rate of yellowfin tuna was 100%, and the survival rate of skipjack tuna was 82.6%. The estimated feed conversion ratio was 9.73 in this study. The results of this study provide practical data for culturing wild caught yellowfin tuna and skipjack tuna juveniles in sea cages.
Dietary Vitamin B6 Requirement of Juvenile Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Authors: Yang C. , Jiang M. , Wen H. , Tian J. , Wu F. , Liu W. , Yu L.
Published: February 2021

We evaluated the effects of dietary vitamin B6 levels on growth, survival, and serum biochemical parameters in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Fish were fed one of seven purified diets containing 0.12 (control), 1.16, 2.37, 4.82, 9.20, 17.51, or 36.52 mg/kg B6. We observed abnormal swimming behavior in some fish fed the control diet after 17 days. The survival rate (24.44±1.92%) was low in the control group. Supplementation with vitamin B6 resulted in significantly higher (P<0.05) weight gain, specific growth rate, final weight, and weight gain rate. Feed efficiency was significantly lower in the fish fed the control diet than the remaining groups (P<0.05). Dietary vitamin B6 levels had no significant effect on fish body composition or serum albumin and total protein content. Dietary vitamin B6 supplementation caused a decrease in serum triacylglycerol content and an increase in total cholesterol content, high density lipoprotein cholesterol content, and α-amylase activity levels (P<0.05). Broken-line regression analysis of SGR, HDL-C content, and α-AMY activity, showed that the optimum dietary vitamin B6 requirement for juvenile grass carp was 1.13, 3.73, 1.57 mg B6/kg, respectively.
Acinetobacter johnsonii: an Emerging Pathogen for Cultured Blunt Snout Bream Megalobrama amblycephala
Authors: Cao H. , Yu L. , Ou R. , Lu L. , Yang X. , Yang Y.
Published: February 2021

Bacteriosis has caused significant economic losses in farmed blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala. Only scarce information is available on Acinetobacter johnsonii as a possible causal agent in M. amblycephala. In this study, a virulent strain temporarily named BY3, was isolated from diseased bream, identified phenotypically and molecularly as A. johnsonii. Phylogenetic trees of 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequences were constructed to examine the taxonomic position of isolate BY3 and compare it to other known isolates. When screened against a range of common veterinary antibiotics, isolate BY3 has not shown resistance to florfenicol, neomycin, and sulfisoxazole antibiotics in aquaculture. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of A. johnsonii infection in farmed blunt snout bream.
Assessment and Potential Application of the Probiotic Strain, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens JFP2, Isolated from Fermented Seafood-Jeotgal in Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Juveniles
Authors: Kim D-H. , Subramanian D. , Park S-H. , Jang Y-H. , Heo M-S
Published: February 2021

The strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens JFP2 was isolated from Jeotgal, traditional fermented seafood from Jeju Island, South Korea to assess its probiotic and antibacterial effect against fish pathogens. The isolate JFP2 was identified using scanning electron microscopic analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The isolated strain, B. amyloliquefaciens JFP2 showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative fish pathogenic bacteria namely Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda, Photobacterium damselase sup-sps, Photobacterium phosphoreum, Streptococcous parauberis, S. iniae and Vibrio anguillaram. The bacteriocin JFP2 with a molecular mass of 37 kDa that was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by carboxymethyl-Sephadex column chromatography, showed antibacterial activity at a range of temperatures, from 4º-45ºC and at a range of pH values from 2-12. However, loss of antibacterial activity was observed after treating the bacteriocin with proteolytic enzymes such as pepsin, proteinase K, and trypsin. The mode of antibacterial action shown by the bacteriocin JFP2 was bacteriolytic in nature, resulting in cell wall degradation of A. hydrophila. Dietary inclusion of the isolated JFP2 strain showed improved growth performance in juvenile flounder along with increased disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae. These results indicate that the bacteriocin JFP2 belongs to class IIIa bacteriocin that could be used as a potential alternative antibacterial agent to control pathogenic diseases in aquaculture and seafood industries.
Short-term Cycles of Feed Deprivation and Refeeding on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, and Fillet Composition of Hybrid Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus x O. niloticus)
Authors: Gabriel N.N. , Omoregie E. , Tjipute M , Kukuri L. , Shilombwelwa L.
Published: February 2021

This study was designed to determine the effect of short-term starvation and refeeding cycles on growth performance, feed utilization, and muscle composition of hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus x O. niloticus). A total of 360 juveniles (5.53 ± 0.38g) were randomly divided into 12 tanks in triplicate groups. The control group (C) was fed three times a day to satiation. The feeding regimes of the other groups were designed as follows: 2 days deprivation /2 days refeeding (2DD2DRF), 2 days deprivation /3 days refeeding (2DD3DRF), and 2 days deprivation / 4 days refeeding (2DD4DRF). Fish in 2DD4DRF group presented complete compensatory growth; no significant difference was observed in growth performance parameters compared to C. Hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index, and condition factor was not affected by these feeding regimes. Moreover, better feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency ratio, and protein efficiency ratio values were observed in feed deprived fish, with the best parameters observed in fish under 2DD4DRF feeding regime. Meanwhile, muscle crude protein and lipid content in 2DD2DRF and 2DD3DRF was significantly lower compared to C and 2DD4DRF group.