bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning–Based Interpretation and Visualization of Nonlinear Interactions in Prostate Cancer Survival
Authors: Li Richard , Shinde Ashwin , Liu An , Glaser Scott , Lyou Yung , Yuh Bertram , Wong Jeffrey , Amini Arya
Published: July 2020

PURPOSE

Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) values represent a unified approach to interpreting predictions made by complex machine learning (ML) models, with superior consistency and accuracy compared with prior methods. We describe a novel application of SHAP values to the prediction of mortality risk in prostate cancer.

METHODS

Patients with nonmetastatic, node-negative prostate cancer, diagnosed between 2004 and 2015, were identified using the National Cancer Database. Model features were specified a priori: age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Gleason score, percent positive cores (PPC), comorbidity score, and clinical T stage. We trained a gradient-boosted tree model and applied SHAP values to model predictions. Open-source libraries in Python 3.7 were used for all analyses.

RESULTS

We identified 372,808 patients meeting the inclusion criteria. When analyzing the interaction between PSA and Gleason score, we demonstrated consistency with the literature using the example of low-PSA, high-Gleason prostate cancer, recently identified as a unique entity with a poor prognosis. When analyzing the PPC-Gleason score interaction, we identified a novel finding of stronger interaction effects in patients with Gleason ≥ 8 disease compared with Gleason 6-7 disease, particularly with PPC ≥ 50%. Subsequent confirmatory linear analyses supported this finding: 5-year overall survival in Gleason ≥ 8 patients was 87.7% with PPC < 50% versus 77.2% with PPC ≥ 50% ( P < .001), compared with 89.1% versus 86.0% in Gleason 7 patients ( P < .001), with a significant interaction term between PPC ≥ 50% and Gleason ≥ 8 ( P < .001).

CONCLUSION

We describe a novel application of SHAP values for modeling and visualizing nonlinear interaction effects in prostate cancer. This ML-based approach is a promising technique with the potential to meaningfully improve risk stratification and staging systems.
Improving Quality of Cancer Care by Participating in Quality Oncology Practice Initiative Certification Program
Authors: Jazieh Abdul Rahman , Abdelhafiez Nafisa , Al Mutairi Nashmia , Hashem Ahmed , Alkaiyat Mohammad , Al Shami Mona , Jahanzeb Mohammad
Published: July 2020

PURPOSE

ASCO developed the Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (QOPI) to ensure patient safety in oncology outpatient services. We evaluated the impact of participation in QOPI certification on patient care at our institution.

METHODS

To participate in QOPI, we created a multidisciplinary team, and we chose the required modules and began QOPI participation per program requirement. In the initial round, we scored lower than the required score of 75% to be eligible for QOPI certification. We then implemented multiple measures and interventions, and we conducted multiple Plan, Do, Study, Act cycles (PSDA) cycles to achieve our goal.

RESULTS

Our score in the initial round was 68%; in the second round, our score remained low at 65%; in the third round, we exceeded the target score by achieving 93%. We completed the certification process with a site visit. In October 2018, we became the first QOPI-certified center in the Middle East and Asia.

CONCLUSION

We learned many lessons during our journey toward QOPI certification. Essential elements of success included timely assembly of the right multidisciplinary team and clear communication between team members within the institution and with the ASCO QOPI team.
Comparative Phonorhetorical Analyses of Speeches in the Zuo Commentary and the Discourses of the States
Authors: Tharsen Jeffrey R.
Published: July 2020

Research methods employing large-scale databases of digital texts and digital lexica can assist in the detection of the ways phonetic patterns worked in concert with semantic and syntactic structures in premodern Chinese narrative texts. When applied to the speeches by eminent ministers preserved in the Zuo Commentary to the Spring and Autumn Annals and the Discourses of the States, close examinations of the tripartite framework of sound, meaning, and structure allow a deeper understanding of the phonorhetorical techniques employed by their composers (and/or transmitters), emphasizing key terms and imparting subtle feelings of grandeur and harmony. In comparative context, analyses of stylistic elements at scale provide insights into the rhetorical choices made by different authors in formative periods of Chinese literature, choices that informed and influenced future writers and scholars for millennia thereafter.
Identities and Literary Culture in Qing China: Manchu Emperors as Chinese Poets, Readers, and Publishers
Authors: Chow Kai-Wing
Published: July 2020

The Qianlong emperor bequeathed the largest number of Chinese poems of any emperor, and perhaps of any poet, in the history of imperial China. But how do we make sense of the fact that Qianlong had been adamant in maintaining and preserving what he considered the essence of Manchu culture: the Manchu language and hunting skills? This articles argues that, despite deliberate staging through various fashions of his image as the ruler of a multiethnic empire, Qianlong failed in sending his message to his diverse subjects because, truly enthralled by Chinese poetry, he could not restrain himself from writing poetry in Chinese. In light of the theory of multiple identities and acculturation of John Berry, it is reasonable to argue that Qianlong, despite his unambiguous identification with the Manchus as the conquering ethnic group, in tortuous ways had come to embrace the identity of a Chinese poet of the host society, in which the technologies of culture to a large degree overdetermine the form of identities and how they can be articulated, internalized, embodied, and staged.
Phospholipids containing ether-bound hydrocarbon-chains are essential for efficient phagocytosis and neutral lipids of the ester-type perturb development in Dictyostelium
Authors: Kappelt Frederik , Du Ma Xiaoli , Abou Hasna Bassam , Kornke Jessica M. , Maniak Markus
Published: July 2020

Lipids are the building blocks for cellular membranes; they provide signalling molecules for membrane dynamics and serve as energy stores. One path of their synthesis is initiated by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT), which in Dictyostelium resides on the endoplasmic reticulum. When an excess of fatty acids is present, it redistributes to storage organelles, the lipid droplets. Mutants, where the GPAT was eliminated by homologous recombination, produce fewer lipid droplets and are almost devoid of triacylglycerols (TAG), rendering them more resistant to cell death and cell loss in the developmental stages preceding fruiting body formation. The enzyme most closely related to GPAT is called FARAT, because it combines a fatty acyl-reductase (FAR) and an acyltransferase (AT) domain in its sequence. The protein is confined to the lumen of the peroxisome, where it transfers a fatty acid to dihydroxyacetone-phosphate initiating the synthesis of ether lipids, later completed at the endoplasmic reticulum. A mutant lacking FARAT produces lipid droplets that are devoid of the storage lipid monoalkyl-diacyl-glycerol (MDG), but the efficiency of spore formation in the developmental cycle is largely unaltered. Instead, these mutants are strongly impaired in phagocytosis of yeast particles, which is attributed to reduced synthesis of membrane phospholipids containing ether-linked chains.
TCF7L2 regulates postmitotic differentiation programs and excitability patterns in the thalamus
Authors: Lipiec Marcin Andrzej , Bem Joanna , Koziński Kamil , Chakraborty Chaitali , Urban-Ciećko Joanna , Zajkowski Tomasz , Dąbrowski Michał , Szewczyk Łukasz Mateusz , Toval Angel , Ferran José Luis , Nagalski Andrzej , Wiśniewska Marta Barbara
Published: July 2020

Neuronal phenotypes are controlled by terminal selector transcription factors in invertebrates, but only a few examples of such regulators have been provided in vertebrates. We hypothesised that TCF7L2 regulates different stages of postmitotic differentiation in the thalamus, and functions as a thalamic terminal selector. To investigate this hypothesis, we used complete and conditional knockouts of Tcf7l2 in mice. The connectivity and clustering of neurons were disrupted in the thalamo-habenular region in Tcf7l2−/−embryos. The expression of subregional thalamic and habenular transcription factors was lost and region-specific cell migration and axon guidance genes were downregulated. In mice with a postnatal Tcf7l2 knockout, the induction of genes that confer thalamic terminal electrophysiological features was impaired. Many of these genes proved to be direct targets of TCF7L2. The role of TCF7L2 in terminal selection was functionally confirmed by impaired firing modes in thalamic neurons in the mutant mice. These data corroborate the existence of master regulators in the vertebrate brain that control stage-specific genetic programs and regional subroutines, maintain regional transcriptional network during embryonic development, and induce terminal selection postnatally.
Regulators of H3K4 methylation mutated in neurodevelopmental disorders control axon guidance in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Abay-Nørgaard Steffen , Attianese Benedetta , Boreggio Laura , Salcini Anna Elisabetta
Published: July 2020

Post-translational histone modifications regulate chromatin compaction and gene expression to control many aspects of development. Mutations in genes encoding regulators of H3K4 methylation are causally associated with neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by intellectual disability and deficits in motor functions. However, it remains unclear how H3K4 methylation influences nervous system development and contributes to the aetiology of disease. Here, we show that the catalytic activity of set-2, the Caenorhabditis elegans homologue of the H3K4 methyltransferase KMT2F/G (SETD1A/B) genes, controls embryonic transcription of neuronal genes and is required for establishing proper axon guidance, and for neuronal functions related to locomotion and learning. Moreover, we uncover a striking correlation between components of the H3K4 regulatory machinery mutated in neurodevelopmental disorders and the process of axon guidance in C. elegans. Thus, our study supports an epigenetic-based model for the aetiology of neurodevelopmental disorders, based on an aberrant axon guidance process originating from deregulated H3K4 methylation.
Paracellular transport to the coral calcifying medium: effects of environmental parameters
Authors: Venn A. A. , Bernardet C. , Chabenat A. , Tambutté E. , Tambutté S.
Published: July 2020

Coral calcification relies on the transport of ions and molecules to the extracellular calcifying medium (ECM). Little is known about paracellular transport (via intercellular junctions) in corals and other marine calcifiers. Here, we investigated whether the permeability of the paracellular pathway varied in different environmental conditions in the coral Stylophora pistillata. Using the fluorescent dye calcein, we characterised the dynamics of calcein influx from seawater to the ECM and showed that increases in paracellular permeability (leakiness) induced by hyperosmotic treatment could be detected by changes in calcein influx rates. We then used the calcein imaging approach to investigate the effects of two environmental stressors on paracellular permeability: seawater acidification and temperature change. Under conditions of seawater acidification (pH 7.2) known to depress pH in the ECM and the calcifying cells of S. pistillata, we observed a decrease in half-times of calcein influx pointing to increased paracellular permeability. By contrast, high temperature (31°C) had no effect, whereas low temperature (20°C) caused decreases in paracellular permeability. Overall, our study establishes an approach to conduct further in vivo investigation of paracellular transport and suggests that changes in paracellular permeability could form an uncharacterized aspect of the physiological response of S.pistillata to seawater acidification.
Does the phaco TIp position during clear corneal Phacoemulsification Surgery adversely affect corneal endothelium? TIPS study protocol for a randomised, triple-masked, parallel-group trial of bevel-up versus bevel-down phacoemulsification
Authors: Kaup Soujanya , Shivalli Siddharudha , Ajjinicanda Ganapathi Chinnappa , Arunachalam Cynthia , Buchan John , Kumar Pandey Suresh , Prasad Kudlu Krishna
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Globally, at least 30 million cataract surgeries are required annually to prevent cataract-related blindness. Corneal endothelial decompensation is one of the most common causes of poor visual outcome following cataract surgery, particularly in those with predisposing factors. The increasing ageing population and reduced visual impairment threshold for cataract surgery have resulted in rising cataract surgical rates and hence, an increase in corneal endothelial decompensation is expected. The role of phaco tip position on corneal endothelial damage is ambiguous. Previous studies have reported contradictory results and were also underpowered to detect a significant difference due to small sample sizes. With no consensus regarding the most cornea-friendly phaco tip position (bevel-up versus bevel-down) during phacoemulsification, we propose a randomised clinical trial with a robust design using direct chop phaco-technique.

Objective: To compare the effect of phaco tip position (bevel-up vs. bevel-down) on corneal endothelial cell count during phacoemulsification.

Methods: A randomised, multicentre, parallel-group, triple-masked (participant, outcome assessor, and statistician) trial with 1:1 allocation ratio is proposed. By adopting stratified randomisation (according to cataract grade), we will randomly allocate 480 patients aged >18 years with immature cataract into bevel-up and bevel-down groups at two centres. History of significant ocular trauma, previous intraocular surgery, shallow anterior chamber, low endothelial cell count, pseudoexfoliation syndrome, intraocular inflammation, and corneal endothelial dystrophy are the key exclusion criteria. The primary outcome is postoperative endothelial cell count at one month. Secondary outcomes are central corneal thickness on postoperative days 1, 15, and 30, and intraoperative complications.

Trial registration: Clinical Trial Registry of India CTRI/2019/02/017464 (05/02/2019).
Are you sure you want to be a superhero?
Authors: Mortensen Neil
Published: July 2020

All the superhero cliches are true. With great power comes great responsibility. And the bigger we come, the harder we fall.
Trauma training: mandatory ‘fire training’ for general surgeons?
Authors: Smith Stella R , Craigie Ross , Pollard James S , Jones David J
Published: July 2020

Local surgeons called to action in the wake of the Manchester Arena bombing talk about the need to make major trauma training more commonplace as blast injuries increase in peacetime.
Improving Surgical Training: What you need to know
Authors:   Improving Surgical Training project team
Published: July 2020

How will the RCS’ new surgical training pilot benefit trainees?
Exposure to paediatric urology during urology specialty training: a UK national trainee survey
Authors: Cleaveland P , Jones C , Thompson A , Liew M , Husain J
Published: July 2020

How achievable are the new targets?
Wideband and polarization-insensitive metamaterial absorber with loading lumped resistors
Authors: Xiong Han , Bin Long Tian , Shi Ting , Xuan Jiang Bing , Tao Zhang Jun
Published: July 2020

IWe have designed, simulated, and experimentally tested a broadband metamaterial absorber loaded with lumped resistors in the microwave range. Compared with an electric resonator structure absorber, the composite absorber loaded with lumped resistors has stronger absorptivity over an extremely extended bandwidth. The simulated results show that an effective absorption bandwidth covers from 7.12 to 8.61 GHz with the absorption rate more than 90% under normal incidence. For oblique incidence, the proposed absorber displays an absorption rate above 90% from 7.55 to 8.61 GHz when the incident angle is below 35° for the transverse electric polarization. About the transverse magnetic polarization, the absorber displays larger than 90% absorptance from 7.24 to 8.61 GHz when the incident angle is below 70°. During the entire design process, the absorber structure is fabricated and measured. The measured results show that the absorptivity is above 90% in the frequency range of 6.78–7.65 GHz and 8.20–9.31 GHz under normal incidence. Furthermore, the absorption mechanism and absorption properties are further researched.
Liquid infiltration of monolithic open-access Fabry–Perot microcavities
Authors: Maldaner J. , Al-Sumaidae S. , Hornig G. J. , LeBlanc L. J. , DeCorby R. G.
Published: July 2020

We describe a monolithic approach to fabricating large-scale arrays of high-finesse and low-mode-volume Fabry–Perot microcavities with open access to the air core. A stress-driven buckling self-assembly technique was used to form half-symmetric curved-mirror cavities, and a dry etching process was subsequently used to create micropores through the upper mirror. We show that the cavities retain excellent optical properties, with reflectance-limited finesse

∼

2500

and highly predictable Laguerre–Gaussian modes. We furthermore demonstrate the ability to introduce liquids into the cavity region by microinjection through the pores. Applications in sensing, optofluidics, and cavity quantum electrodynamics are envisioned.
Intra-node high-performance computing network architecture with nanosecond-scale photonic switches [Invited]
Authors: Maniotis Pavlos , Dupuis Nicolas , Schares Laurent , Kuchta Daniel M. , Taubenblatt Marc A. , Lee Benjamin G.
Published: July 2020

We propose a single-stage network architecture for intra-node connectivity that makes use of nanosecond-scale photonic switches. Although buffering at the switch points is of vital importance for complex multistage networks, this is not the case for smaller-scale single-stage networks where the end nodes are located only one hop apart. By limiting the buffering to the end points, the proposed architecture manages to minimize the required electro-optic and opto-electronic conversions, leading in this way to both low end-to-end latency and better energy efficiency. Combining these advantages with nanosecond-scale switching times can allow for high-throughput operation, even for frequent switch reconfigurations. The performance of the proposed architecture is evaluated via discrete-event simulations for a wide range of synthetic-traffic cases. The simulation results show that high-throughput operation of

≥

90

%

can be achieved even for small message sizes, i.e., 32 KB for all-to-all communication and 2 KB for uniform random traffic, at a data rate of 400 Gb/s and a switch reconfiguration time of

≤

72

n
s

. Moreover, if 100 ns reconfiguration times are achievable as opposed to 150 ns, then for the all-to-all traffic case a 16% and 28% reduction in completion time can be achieved for message sizes of 8 KB and 1 KB, respectively. In a forthcoming era of optically interfaced processors and accelerators, nanosecond-scale photonic switches appear as a highly promising solution for keeping up with the intra-node bandwidth scaling due to their high-bandwidth, low-latency, and fast-switching capabilities.
Zonal integration of circular Hartmann and Placido patterns with non-rotationally symmetric aberrations
Authors: Gómez-Tejada Daniel , Malacara-Hernández Zacarías , Malacara-Doblado Daniel , Malacara-Hernández Daniel
Published: July 2020

Placido disk methods for corneal topography use a target with concentric rings in order to obtain measurements of the corneal surface, codifying the topography from the deformations of the rings’ image. Knowing exactly how the corneal surface departs from a rotational symmetric shape is difficult by using Placido rings. This is due to the fact that any ray deviations in the angular direction (sagittal transverse aberrations) are not easily detected and measured. This is the so-called skew ray error. For that reason, this technique has been considered as limited, especially when one tries to measure corneal aberrations with large rotational symmetry errors. However, we considered that the Placido disk topography has the potential to obtain a full description of the corneal surface as long as the skew ray error is fixed. Here, we present a solution based in the assumption that a corneal topography calculated with the presence of the skew ray error has hidden information that can be extracted by applying some basis of the classical Hartmann test. To achieve that solution, we improve some aspects of the Hartmann test to be later applied in the processing of Placido disk images. Our solution gives us the ability to solve the skew ray error in a simple and direct method, with an effectiveness that is probed by the computing of some simulated representative surfaces without rotational symmetry and the performance of our algorithm.
Electro-optically tunable laser with ultra-low tuning power dissipation and nanosecond-order wavelength switching for coherent networks
Authors: Ueda Yuta , Shindo Takahiko , Kanazawa Shigeru , Fujiwara Naoki , Ishikawa Mitsuteru
Published: July 2020

The huge amount of data traffic behind the rapid growth of cloud computing is putting pressure on the operation of mobile fronthauls and data center networks so there is a need to improve their power consumption and latency. We developed an electro-optically tunable laser diode employing a tunable filter that is practically tuned even with small refractive index change of the electro-optic effect. The laser shows a small tuning power dissipation of less than 10 mW for a practical tuning range of over 35 nm with a linewidth of about 350 kHz. We also achieved high-speed optical switching of less than 50 ns for 100 Gb/s coherent signals. In addition to its application in optical communications, the electro-optically tunable laser diode is also beneficial to laser sensing applications because its higher tuning speed increases the time resolution of the sensing system. Furthermore, a narrow linewidth, conventionally difficult to reconcile with high-speed tuning, can also enable a longer sensing distance and/or a higher signal-to-noise ratio when using coherent detection. Our result shows that we can use the electro-optic effect to overcome the limitations of conventional tunable laser diodes and drastically change optical communications and laser sensing systems.
Buildup and dissociation dynamics of dissipative optical soliton molecules
Authors: Zhou Yi , Ren Yu-Xuan , Shi Jiawei , Mao Huade , Wong Kenneth K. Y.
Published: July 2020

Solitons can self-assemble into stable bound states, also denoted as soliton molecules that exhibit molecule-like dynamics. Soliton molecules have been predominantly investigated in the anomalous dispersion mode-locked fiber lasers. However, the soliton molecule dynamic evolution is still largely unexplored in the normal dispersion regime. We reveal here that, in the normal dispersion regime, the buildup and dissociation dynamics of soliton molecules. Our theoretical prediction indicates that, under different transmission functions of a saturable absorber (SA), a pair of solitons can be formed directly from background noise and then evolve into a soliton molecule through intense repulsive interaction, or a soliton molecule can be triggered to dissociate into a single soliton with transient annihilation and energy transfer. The experimental observation of short-time soliton molecule buildup and a new soliton molecule dissociation process corroborate the theoretical prediction. Furthermore, a long-time soliton molecule buildup (

∼

900

m
s

) is discovered with single soliton splitting and soliton pair attraction. The buildup time is over four orders of magnitude longer than that of the short-time soliton molecule (

∼

21

µ

s

). Our work unveils new perspectives into the ultrafast transient process and the interaction dynamics of soliton molecules in complex nonlinear systems.
Productive leisure in post-Fordist fandom
Authors: Chia Aleena
Published: July 2020

For over a decade, scholars have considered how digital play has converged with the work of media production. From esports and volunteer moderation to play-testing, the circuits of game production are accelerated by players’ passionate engagements as fans and hobbyists, which are intertwined with their professional ambitions to join the industry. It is now taken for granted in scholarly discourse that work and play, production and consumption, and professional and amateur identities are blurring. Researchers propose hybrid terms such as ‘prosumption’ or ‘playbour’ to capture the variation, complexity and contradictions in media participation and value creation across diverse fan practices. This analysis proposes that these post-Fordist neologisms oversimplify techno-cultural changes and legitimate ambiguities in fans’ relationships with media companies and their imperatives for productivism in platform capitalism and its gig economies. In contrast, hobbies have always been a mediating category of productive leisure that can be traced back to industrialization’s cleavage of labour from recreation. This article argues that charting how this liminal category of hobbies has been institutionalized in contemporary media practices provides an analytical lens to interrogate post-Fordist obligations of productivity and neo-liberal expectations of entrepreneurialism.
Objetividade jornalística e perspectiva feminista: por uma articulação
Authors: Garcez Bibiana , Silveirinha Maria João
Published: July 2020

Este artigo busca iniciar um diálogo sobre a articulação de uma perspectiva epistemológica feminista com os ideais de objetividade jornalística. Para isto, procede a uma revisão bibliográfica do conceito e do histórico da objetividade jornalística e das críticas que recebeu. Isto serve como base para problematizar a prática e discutir a reprodução de desigualdades de gênero no jornalismo. Apesar de a objetividade ser hoje relacionada com a busca pela verdade, nem sempre foi entendida como central ao jornalismo e recebe críticas desde sua adoção. Entende-se que o jornalismo dito objetivo acaba por reproduzir o senso comum, ligado fortemente aos grupos hegemônicos e, assim, patriarcais. No jornalismo, é possível verificar que há uma prática desigual em relação ao gênero, seja na representação das mulheres ou no âmbito de produção do conteúdo. Ainda que a epistemologia feminista standpoint (Harding, 1991, 1993, 1995, 2006; Hartsock, 1981, 1983) aborde o conhecimento científico, é possível aproximar a proposta de um conhecimento situado ao jornalismo, uma vez que é necessário refletir sobre novas possibilidades éticas, considerando uma perspectiva de gênero.
Alcoolismo Feminino: Perfil das Publicações Científicas Brasileira sobre a Temática / Female Alcoholism: Profile of Brazilian Scientific Publications on the Subject
Authors: Lopes Juliana Custódio , Silva Eliane Moura da , Olinda Antônia Gomes de , Fonseca Wanaline , Ferreira Rosana Alves da Silva
Published: July 2020

O objetivo do presente estudo foi fum levantamento das publicações científicas brasileiras sobre o alcoolismo feminino. Materiais e Métodos: estudo qualitativo e descritivo, desenvolvido por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura (RIL) nos anos de 2008 a 2018, que aborde sobre a temática do alcoolismo feminino. Resultados: a partir do descritor “Alcoolismo”, foram encontrados 1402 resultados, sendo 36 artigos  na base de dados SCIELO, 1265 no LILACS e 101 na base de dados BDENF.  Discussão: 90 referências foram selecionadas. Somente 21 referências abordavam sobre o tema em questão, 03 produções não tinham relação com a mulher alcoólatra, 03 estavam duplicados e 02 não possuíam afinidade com o tema. A amostra final foi de 13 produções. Tais evidências demonstram poucas referências sobre a temática nas bases de dados atuais. Conclusão: Diante desse contexto é notória a escassez de conhecimento sobre o alcoolismo feminino, principalmente pela transformação progressiva do papel da mulher na sociedade moderna.
Metodologias Aplicadas no Ensino de Química / Methodologies Applied In Teaching Chemistry
Authors: Cardoso Maria Regina De Souza , Miguel Joelson Rodrigues
Published: July 2020

O presente trabalho pretende uma discussão sobre a realidade sobre as práticas pedagógicas assistidas no âmbito educativo do ensino da química, que possibilite uma reflexão ativa da atuação docente. O objetivo geral foi refletir sobre as práticas metodológicas necessárias e vigentes para o estudo da química. A metodologia consistiu em revisão integrativa,  com aportes teóricos de autores como: Tardif (2014), Moran (2015), Berbel (2011), e chassot (1990), dentre outros.  Os resultados levaram a crer que o uso de metodologias alternativas tendem a  minimizar as diferenças e diversidades entre os alunos, por conta do envolvimento que proporciona o trabalho coletivo, e também pela motivação que proporciona os momentos de interação e aprendizagem.
Notas sobre as Políticas Públicas de Refugiados LGBTI’s no Brasil: Uma Revisão de Literatura / Notes on Public Policies for LGBTI’s Refugees in Brazil: A Literature Review
Authors: Sampaio Bruno Moraes Arraes , Ifadireó Miguel Melo , Albuquerque Filho José Antônio De
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo tem como função apresentar a questão do refugiado, com a descrição de políticas públicas do Brasil e em alguns lugares do mundo, como também, observar como se dá o processo de solicitação do refúgio, analisando as instituições como o CONARE. No primeiro capítulo busco trazer as considerações acerca do refugiado, como também definições e contexto histórico. O segundo capítulo traz as razões do refúgio, razões essas objetivas e subjetivas a partir do Manual de Procedimentos e Critérios a Aplicar para Determinar a Condição de Refugiado, em que mostra alguns tipos de violência sofridos pelo migrante e como a condição de refugiado pode ser determinada. O terceiro e último capítulo apresento as características que definem o processo de solicitação de refúgio do indivíduo LGBTI. Por fim, na conclusão, reluto sobre a ausência de políticas públicas de acolhimento para os refugiados, e os obstáculos enfrentados nos trâmites do processo de refúgio. As abordagens metodológicas utilizadas nessa pesquisa foram a base qualitativa, básica, documental e bibliográfica, com o intuito de entender com mais profundidade o objetivo do artigo, qual seja: investigar as razões que movem a comunidade LGBTI a requerer o refúgio. Palavras-chave: Refúgio. Migração. Políticas Públicas. LGBTI. Direito International.
Considerações Pedagógicas de Educação Inclusiva no Ensino de Crianças com altas Habilidades/ Superdotadas / Pedagogical Considerations of Inclusive Education in Teaching Children with high Skills / Gifted
Authors: Ferreira Francisco Renato Silva , Ifadireó Miguel Melo , Bitu Vanessa De Carvalho Nilo , Alencar Yohana Maria Monteiro Augusto de
Published: July 2020

Reunir em um mesmo ensaio os conceitos de altas habilidades/ superdotação (AH/SD) é o grande desafio deste ensaio. Destaca-se que são poucos os estudos específicos realizados por especialistas que poderiam contribuir com o sucesso das investigações nas mais distintas ciências do conhecimento humano. O objetivo central deste trabalho está na revisão de algumas discussões proferidas na seara das ciências humanas em relação aos discentes com altas habilidades/ superdotação. A metodologia utilizada é de natureza de pesquisa qualitativa, a partir da proposição de uma revisão sistemática de literatura especializada – tanto em banco de teses de dissertações e teses, quanto em plataformas de artigos científicos - sobre a temática. Importante destacar que o estudo intenta trazer à tona de discussões, algumas contribuições de estudos prévios de expertises reconhecidos por seus pares, tais como os realizados por Ana Oliveira, Vera Capellini e Olga Rodrigues (2020), Brenda Matos e Carina Maciel (2016) e Lurian Mendonça (2015) entre outras importantes investigações. Neste contexto, apresentam-se alguns achados evidenciados ao longo deste trabalho: a) sensibilização do profissional para lidar com a existência de habilidades extraordinárias de crianças com altas habilidades/ superdotadas; b) capacidade de percepção das diferenças e das competências de alguns discentes que nem sempre são visíveis e que precisam ser ativadas pelo educador atento ao talento de seus alunos; c) observação de fatores intelectuais, artísticos, sociais, psicomotores e musicais que podem auxiliar ou dificultar o reconhecimento de crianças (adolescentes, jovens adultos) com altas habilidades/ superdotadas em sala de aula. Palavras-Chave: Altas habilidades. Superdotação. Competências. Ensino e Aprendizagem. Educação.
Aplicação da Interculturalidade nos Preceitos Constitucionais de Liberdade Religiosa. Uma Abordagem Crítica ao Direito Brasileiro / Application Of Interculturality In The Constitutional Precepts Of Religious Freedom. A Critical Approach to Brazilian Law
Authors: Alencar Yohana Maria Monteiro Augusto de , Ifadireó Miguel Melo , Rodrigues Sefora Thayne Barbosa Alencar , Nascimento Marcos Teles do
Published: July 2020

As presenças históricas das igrejas cristãs contribuíram para a construção da sociedade brasileira, pois desde a colonização estavam presentes no campo da educação, saúde e convívio social. Com o passar dos anos, a religião deixa de ser o poder terreno de comando, permitindo que o Estado assumisse o seu lugar de poder, acarretando um distanciamento entre este e a religião, tornando-se laico. A pesquisa se faz necessária pela investigação acerca dos preceitos constitucionais brasileiros que foram prescritos em prol da garantia dos direitos humanos fundamentais, destacando a liberdade religiosa. Apresenta como objetivos a análise dos textos constitucionais estabelecendo uma relação entre religião, estado laico, direitos humanos, interculturalidade e a punibilidade para quem infringe tais direitos dentro do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. A metodologia utilizada foi pautada em uma revisão bibliográfica e documental. Concluiu-se que, não só a Constituição Federal Brasileira defende a garantia à liberdade religiosa, bem como outras legislações internacionais também, afirmando que, qualquer ato que desrespeite e ódio relacionado à religião, que prive o indivíduo da sua liberdade de consciência e crença são passíveis de punição através do Código Penal Brasileiro.
Numismática: Ferramenta para a Criação de Código de Barras a Serviço da Segurança Pública / Numismatics: Tool for Bar Code Creation at the Service of Public Security
Authors: Pinto Loiane Loah Martins , Pinto Nijair Araújo
Published: July 2020

A corrupção, os assaltos a bancos, os ataques a carros blindados, as explosões de caixas de autoatendimento e o medo dessas ações espalha-se com ferocidade na população brasileira a cada dia que se passa. O Novo Cangaço começou há aproximadamente uma década, mas já conseguiu causar significativos estragos no país, começando no Nordeste e se espalhando por todo o Brasil. Todos sofremos com o movimento criminoso do Novo Cangaço e com a corrupção. Portanto, a atual realidade é prejudicial e deve ser modificada. Dessa forma, como forma de solucionar esse problema, buscou-se um meio que tornasse mais seguro um dos objetos da cobiça humana, causadora de tantos problemas: as cédulas de alto valor. Assim, foram realizados 10 experimentos utilizando uma nova tecnologia que promete tornar o dinheiro mais seguro; torná-lo, de fato, rastreável. Percebeu-se que os resultados obtidos foram excelentes, pois, conseguiu-se atingir o objetivo de tornar as cédulas de papel-moeda totalmente rastreáveis, utilizando-se de um sistema prático, rápido e acessível no Brasil. Dentre os benefícios que podem ser gerados com o uso dessa tecnologia, estariam a diminuição de ações criminosas, relacionadas a grandes quantias de dinheiro, diminuição de mortes causadas por essas ações e uma considerável melhoria no bem- estar e na segurança social.
Intestino e humor: Revisão Bibliográfica sobre Modulares Intestinais Associados aos Polifenóis no Tratamento da Depressão / Intestine and Mood: A Bibliographical Review about the Association of Intestinal Modulators and Polyphenols for the Treatment of Depression
Authors: De Carvalho Poliana Ribeiro , Lopes Poliana Caroline , Almeida Gabriela Franco de
Published: July 2020

A depressão é uma condição multifatorial crescente na sociedade e geradora de prejuízos na vida dos indivíduos. Rita (nome fictício) em um episódio de crise depressiva apresentou melhora no humor utilizando uma combinação de antidepressivo com medicação intestinal. Diante disto, este trabalho visa compreender e demonstrar a relação eixo intestino-humor e sua atuação. Para tal, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico entre os anos de 2015 a 2020 na base de dados PubMed. Os critérios de inclusão foram: data, “depression”; polyphenols; inflammation; gut microbiota; e neuroinflammation”. Dentre os 238 artigos encontrados, somente 5 relacionavam a neutralização de EROS e modulação intestinal com polifenóis e probióticos. Há uma relação evidente entre intestino-humor, porém ainda não totalmente elucidada na ciência. Propoẽ-se aqui demonstrar o uso dos moduladores intestinais associados aos polifenóis como uma estratégia alternativa de tratamento coadjuvante no transtorno depressivo.
A História da Interpretação Bíblica Patrística e o Dialogismo de Bakhtin / The History of Biblical Patristic Interpretation and Bakhtin's Dialogism
Authors: Amaral Aquiles Pereira do , Silva Elisabete Dos Santos , Viana Núbia Lafaete Santos , Santos Gláucia Moreira dos
Published: July 2020

O presente ensaio objetiva apresentar uma breve história da interpretação bíblica no período chamado Patrística até o seu término por volta dos anos 604 da era cristã, bem como compreender os discursos da história da igreja na perspectiva do dialogismo de Bakhtin. Trata-se de uma reflexão teórica dividida nas seguintes secções: A exegese judaica; A exegese dos pais da igreja primitiva e Bakhtin e sua visão de dialogismo. Foi realizado leitura exaustiva e flutuante de artigos e livros encontrados com abordagens especificas sobre a temática. Conclui-se que, a história da interpretação bíblica mostra um período de grande perseguição e conflitos ideológicos, influenciada pelos pensamentos filosóficos gregos, a cultura judaica e suas mais implacáveis seitas (gnósticas)que no decorrer dos anos dos pais da igreja tentaram implementar outros conceitos contrários a fé crista e comportamentos difusos e dissonantes com a proposta cristã da época. E na percepção de Bakhtin, o discurso de cada escola de interpretação bíblica é enviesado de sua práxis e não existe uma relação pura e única, tudo estava atrelada ao sistema social que envolvia cada autor. Os signos determinavam as suas percepções da realidade.
O Consumo de Fitoterápicos e Nutracêuticos como Coadjuvantes no Tratamento da Obesidade em Discentes de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior de Vitória da Conquista / The Consumption of Phytotherapics and Nutraceuticals as Coadjuvants in the Treatment of Obesity in Students of a Higher Education Institution of Vitória da Conquista
Authors: Correia Miler Santana , Silva Tatielle Pereira , Marques Matheus Santos
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo teve como objetivo determinar o perfil dos discentes que consomem medicamentos fitoterápicos e nutracêuticos, e identificar quais são os mais utilizados entre eles, para, além disso, foi verificado se houve alguma prescrição ou automedicação. Observou se alcançaram os resultados esperados e quais os efeitos adversos que foram apresentados. O estudo foi baseado em uma pesquisa de campo realizado de forma online com 139 estudantes distribuídos entre os cursos das áreas de saúde e humanas. Através dos dados obtidos, foi possível observar que 69,8% dos estudantes não utilizaram medicamentos fitoterápicos e nutracêuticos para emagrecimento e dentre os que disseram que usaram, a maioria 27,1% fez o uso do chá verde (Camelia Sinenses). Dentre os entrevistados 62,1% não obtiveram resultados esperados durante o uso dos medicamentos e 24,2% apresentou ansiedade como o principal efeito adverso acarretado pelo uso dos medicamentos. Portanto, conclui-se que os discentes não obtiveram resultados satisfatórios durante o uso dos medicamentos fitoterápicos e nutracêuticos e para os que utilizaram e não obtiveram nenhum resultado, se deve ao fato de não terem consultado os médicos ou não usarem de forma adequada.
A Família como Centralidade nas Políticas Públicas e as Novas Composições Familiares: A adequação jurídica, política e temporal sobre a família contemporânea / The Family as a Centrality in Public Policies and new Family Compositions: the legal, political and temporal adequacy of the contemporary family
Authors: Córdova Zolnei Vargas Ernesta de , Córdova Ismael De , Oliveira Katiuscia Angélica Micaela de
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo se dará, em suas apreciações históricas e legais, discutir o tema das políticas públicas nas novas composições familiares. Dialogando com autores e comentadores do assunto, poder-se-á traçar um apanhado do que envolvia sobre o conceito de família no período colonial, bem como nas composições indígenas e escravas que colaboraram de modo expressivo para a constituição familiar do Brasil. Não obstante, este artigo se debruçará, também, sobre a evolução da instituição familiar no Brasil; assinalando as composições familiares e como se definiam em tal concepção com base na legislação brasileira, como na declaração dos direitos humanos. Por fim, sem esgotar as possibilidades de debate sobre o assunto, se versará sobre a família e as novas composições familiares de acordo com as políticas públicas de assistência social, como das atribuições do estado em relação a essas famílias assistidas legalmente.
A Psicopedagogia no Ensino Superior: Relato de Experiência sobre as Principais Queixas dos Acadêmicos em uma Instituição Universitária no Brasil / Psychopedagogy in Higher Education: Experience Report on the Main Complaints of Academics in a University Institution in Brazil
Authors: Sousa Léa Barbosa de , Agrello Marisa Pascarelli
Published: July 2020

Este artigo tem por intenção apresentar um relato de experiência vivenciada em uma Universidade sobre as principais queixas no acompanhamento de estudantes com dificuldades de aprendizagem. A Psicopedagogia se ocupa das dificuldades de aprendizagem humana e os fatores que interferem no processo de aprendizagem. Este texto propõe uma reflexão sobre os principais assuntos: Psicopedagogia no Ensino Superior e as principais queixas dos Universitários. Dialogando sobre as dificuldades de aprendizagem específicas. Demandas dos atendimentos.  Encaminhamentos dos acadêmicos a outros profissionais. Inclusão de alunos com deficiências no Ensino Superior. O acompanhamento Psicopedagógico Universitário é visto pelo Ministério da Educação - MEC como exitoso nas Universidades. As dificuldades de Aprendizagem são muitas e a Psicopedagogia contribui amenizando esse quadro oferecendo apoio psicopedagógico aos estudantes.
Life quality of 9-11 year-old children: Family functionality and demographic variables
Authors: Çihangir Çankaya Zeynep , Tümer Tuğba
Published: July 2020

In this study, the relationship between the quality of life levels of children aged 9-11 and their perception of family functions and some demographic characteristics was investigated. The sample of the study included six primary schools and six secondary schools in the central districts of a metropolitan city located in the west of Turkey in the 2017-2018 academic year. Participants were 783 children, 396 girls and 387 boys. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data collected by using the General Quality of Life Scale for Children and Family Relationship Scale for Children. The results of the analysis showed that supportive and discouraging family relationships scores significantly predicted the quality of life of the children and explained 35.80% of change in their quality of life. In addition, the predictive power of supporting family relationships (28.70%) was significantly higher than that of the discouraging family relationships (-7.10%) in explaining children’s quality of life. Gender, age and number of siblings were not significantly correlated with life quality of children.
Prevalence of metallo-β-lactamase genes among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from various clinical samples in China
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Xiaoya
Published: July 2020

Background

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen which is associated with nosocomial infections and causes various diseases including urinary tract infection, pneumonia, soft-tissue infection and sepsis. The emergence of P. aeruginosa-acquired metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) is most worrisome and poses a serious threat during treatment and infection control. The objective of this study was to identify antibiotic susceptibility, phenotypic detection of MBL production and to determine the prevalence of MBL genes in carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolated from different clinical samples.

Methods

A total of 329 non-duplicate P. aeruginosa isolated from various clinical samples from two hospitals in China between September 2017 and March 2019 were included in this study. Phenotypic detection of MBL was performed by the combined detection method using imipenem and imipenem-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) discs. MBL-encoding genes including bla
VIM-1
, bla
VIM-2
, bla
IMP-1
, bla
IMP-2
, bla
SPM-1
, bla
SIM
, bla
NDM-1
and bla
GIM
were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results

Of the 329 P. aeruginosa, majority of the isolates were resistant to imipenem (77.5%) followed by meropenem (64.7%). Of the 270 P. aeruginosa isolates tested, 149 (55.2%) isolates were found to be positive for MBL detection. Of the different samples, 57.8% (n = 26) of P. aeruginosa isolated from blood were found to be positive for MBL production. Of the various MBL genes, bla
IMP-1
(28.2%) was the most predominant gene detected followed by bla
VIM-2
(18.8%), bla
VIM-1
(16.1%), bla
NDM-1
(9.4%), bla
IMP-2
(6.7%), bla
SIM
(6.0%), bla
SPM-1
(4.0%) and bla
GIM
(1.3%) genes.

Conclusions

The high resistance of P. aeruginosa toward imipenem and meropenem and the high prevalence of bla
IMP-1
and bla
VIM-2
set the alarm on the increasing, perhaps the increased, carbapenem resistance. In addition to routine antibiotic susceptibility testings, our results emphasize the importance of both the phenotypic and genotypic MBL detection methods in routine practice for early detection of carbapenem resistance and to prevent further dissemination of this resistant pathogen.
Crystal structure of [O-ethyl N-(4-nitrophenyl)thiocarbamato-κS](tri-4-tolylphosphine-κP)gold(I) tetrahydrofuran solvate, C30H30AuN2O3PS, C4H8O
Authors: Kuan Fong Sheen , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: July 2020

C34H38AuN2O4PS, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 10.2034(8) Å, b = 11.5755(9) Å, c = 15.7533(12) Å, α = 69.948(2)°, β = 86.496(2)°, γ = 71.370(2)°, V = 1653.8(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0355, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0858, T = 223(2) K.