bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma proposta para a origem do morfema relativo "que"
Authors: Oliveira Marilza de
Published: September 2022

Busco traçar o percurso da evolução da estratégia de relativização portuguesa visando a identificar o trigger estrutural que levou à formação do morfema invariável que. Começo com a revisão das gramáticas históricas. Apoiando-me na proposta da estrutura da periferia esquerda da sentença (Rizzi 1995), procedo à análise descritiva das relativas em texto do latim vulgar (Peregrinatio Aetheriae) e em textos vazados no latim-português.
Konsistensi Penerapan UU No. 5 Tahun 1960 terkait dengan Hak Milik atas Tanah bagi WNI Non Pribumi di Yogyakarta.
Authors: Abdurrahman Alif
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui konsistensi penerapan UUPA setelah diterbitkannya Instruksi Wakil Kepala Daerah DIY PA.VIII/No.K.898/I/A 1975 terkait dengan hak milik atas tanah bagi WNI non pribumi di Yogyakarta. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pendekatan hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadinya inkonsistensi serta ketidak sinkronan pengaturan dan penerapan hukum secara vertikal antara UUPA dengan Instruksi Wakil Kepala Daerah DIY PA.VIII/No.K.898/I/A 1975 terkait dengan hak milik atas tanah bagi WNI non pribumi di Yogyakarta terbukti dengan adanya Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Yogyakarta Nomor 132/Pdt.G/2017/PN Yyk. Dan diperparah dengan para stakeholder terkait yang masih belum responsive dan progresif dalam melakukan kebijakan hukum agraria di Yogyakarata dan cendrung sangat birokaratis serta berbelit-belit. Seyogyanya para stakeholder terkait tidaklah lagi mengacu lagi kepada instruksi Wakil Kepala Daerah DIY PA.VIII/No.K.898/I/A 1975 tetapi menginduk sepenuhnya kepada Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Pokok-Pokok Agraria yang secara terang sudah berlaku sepenuhnya di Yogyakarta. Keberadaan Instruksi wakil kepala daerah DIY PA.VIII/No.K.898/I/A 1975 sangat bertentangan dengan semangat yang terkandung di dalam UUPA. Adanya praktik menyimpang dari hukum tanah nasional ini telah menyebabkan pemegang hak atas tanah dalam hal ini adalah WNI non pribumi tidak merasa ada perlindungan hukum terhadap dirinya.
Politik Kriminal sebagai Sarana Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana yang Dilakukan oleh Anak karena Pengaruh Minuman Keras (Studi Wilayah Kabupaten Pekalongan)
Authors: Al-Syamsi Ray Habib
Published: September 2022

Maraknya pengkonsumsian minuman keras di Kabupaten Pekalongan telah menjadi sebuah fenomena. Padahal, karakteristik masyarakatnya sangat kental nilai-nilai keagamaannya. Peraturan daerah Nomor 2 tahun 2012 tentang Ketertiban Umum Pasal 35 juga telah mengatur larangan terkait minuman keras baik dari produksi, distribusi hingga konsumsi. Fenomena ini tak hanya marak oleh orang dewasa, namun juga anak di bawah umur. Banyak kabar yang menunjukan maraknya pengkonsumsian minuman keras oleh anak di bawah umur. Politik kriminal sebagai sebuah ilmu sekaligus sarana dalam menanggulangi tindak pidana dirasa mampu untuk menindak maupun menanggulangi fenomena ini, baik melalui sarana penal maupun non-penal. Hal yang menjadi rumusan masalah pada penulisan hukum ini ialah faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi maraknya pengkonsumsian minuman keras di Kabupaten Pekalongan oleh anak di bawah umur; Bagaimanakah penanggulangan tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh anak karena minuman keras melalui perspektif politik kriminal dengan pendekatan penal di Daerah Pekalongan; dan Bagaimanakah penanggulangan tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh anak karena minuman keras melalui perspektif politik kriminal dengan pendekatan non-penal di Daerah Pekalongan. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris, dengan data primer sebagai data utamanya. Spesifikasi penelitian yang digunakan yakni deskriptif-analitis. Lokasi pada penelitian ini ialah Kabupaten Pekalongan. Cara memperoleh data primer pada penelitian ini ialah dengan wawancara kepada nasarumber yang telah ditentukan berdasarkan jabatan dan keahliannya. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh ialah mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi maraknya pengkonsumsian minuman keras oleh anak di bawah umur di Kabupaten Pekalongan. Kemudian dilihat bagaimana upaya penal yang dilakukan oleh aparat penegak hukum, menindak fenomena maraknya minman keras ini. Selanjutnya penjabaran upaya non-penal yang dilakukan oleh aparat penegak hukum, pemerintah daerah, serta masyarakat dalam menanggulani maraknya pengkonsumsian minuman keras oleh anak di bawah umur di Kabupaten Pekalongan. Pengkonsumsian minuman keras di Kabupaten Pekalongan masih sangat marak terlebih oleh anak di bawah umur. Aparat penegak hukum hanya menindak dengan teguran, namun pelakunya masih melakukan perbuatan serupa. Tidak ada kasus pengkonsumsian minuman keras yang sampai ranah penuntutan, terlebih persidangan. Harusnya aparat penegak hukum benar-benar serius melakukan penindakan terhadap hal ini, dimana fenomena ini meresahkan masyarakat.
A Teoria das Inteligências Múltiplas no processo de ensino e aprendizagem e a atividade criativa
Authors: Miranda de Souza Gleyson , Sitko Camila Maria
Published: September 2022

A teoria das Inteligências Múltiplas (IM), proposta por Howard Gardner, na década de 1980, trata-se de uma detalhada e complexa maneira de se compreender as diferentes formas de inteligência que o indivíduo possui/desenvolve. Tal teoria também relaciona o processo de ensino e aprendizagem e o sistema cognitivo do aluno, de forma que pode ser útil para se compreender como estimular os alunos e suas diferentes capacidades e habilidades. No entanto, a literatura brasileira que aborda tal teoria e a relaciona ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem ainda é escassa. Dessa forma, este texto traz um apanhado geral da teoria de Gardner, trazendo inicialmente uma discussão a respeito do conceito de inteligência, os padrões básicos de aprendizagem, e acerca da importância da neurociência na educação. Em seguida, são elencadas e discutidas cada uma das inteligências propostas por Gardner, e por fim, é discutida a atividade criadora, a partir da perspectiva vygotskyana.
O Programa Nacional de Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de Física e a formação continuada de professores: ação formativa promovida em Sergipe
Authors: Maia Ana Figueiredo , De Oliveira Antônio Carlos , Dos Santos Cochiran Pereira , Santos Edigênia Ferreira , Moura Felipe Estêves , Duarte-Filho Gerson Cortês , Santos Jéssica Pereira , Rodrigues Magna Coeli Soares , Macedo Marcelo Andrade , Attie Márcia Regina Pereira , Machado Rogério , De Oliveira Neto Samuel Rodrigues , Ribeiro Tiago Nery , Santos Genesis Alves , Teles Edson Nascimento
Published: September 2022

O novo Ensino Médio, que inicia em 2022, traz consigo importantes desafios para gestores escolares, professores e estudantes. Embora haja um grande convencimento da necessidade de uma mudança curricular, as ferramentas para viabilizar esta mudança não são simples e demandam um esforço coletivo para alcançar as metas ambiciosas da Base Nacional Curricular Comum (BNCC) e da Lei do Novo Ensino Médio (Lei nº 13.415/2017). As universidades, como centros formadores, devem ser peças fundamentais para difusão de conhecimento e práticas pedagógicas afins ao que se espera nesta nova proposta curricular. Nesta direção, o Programa de Pós-Graduação Profissional de Ensino de Física (PPGPF), que é o Polo 11 do Programa Nacional de Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de Física (MNPEF), por meio de parte dos seus docentes, colaboradores e egressos, se mobilizou na construção de uma proposta de ação formativa, apoiada pela Secretaria de Estado da Educação, do Esporte e da Cultura, composta de seis módulos, independentes, nos quais os cursistas foram apresentados a fundamentos importantes de algumas teorias educacionais, além de várias técnicas educacionais, entre elas ensino por investigação, grupos colaborativos, gamificação e ambientes digitais de experimentação. Nesta ação, foram apresentados alguns dos produtos educacionais desenvolvidos em dissertações de mestrado do PPGPF. Este trabalho relata os detalhes desta ação, seus impactos diretos em termos de capacitação de professores e as perspectivas que estabelecem a partir da formação da rede de colaboração e socialização dos produtos educacionais desenvolvidos nos projetos de pesquisa.
Ensino de Física usando situações-problema sobre uso de radiações ionizantes para o diagnóstico do câncer de mama
Authors: Campos Laelia , Santana Batista de Oliveira Geane
Published: September 2022

O presente trabalho propõe o uso das Situações-Problema (SP), elaboradas segundo as orientações de Philippe Meirieu, como metodologia facilitadora do ensino de tópicos de Física Moderna para alunos do Ensino Médio. Como resultado do estudo foi elaborado um produto educacional, constituído de uma sequência didática sobre radiações eletromagnéticas, com foco nos raios X usados na mamografia, que é um dos métodos de diagnóstico do câncer de mama, tema motivador do produto e presente na SP. A sequência didática foi aplicada em duas turmas da 3ª série do Ensino Médio de um colégio estadual de Sergipe. Durante a aplicação da sequência foram realizadas discussões sobre o tema câncer de mama e a mamografia como diagnóstico, apresentação de vídeos e gifs animados, resolução de questões e confecção do espectro eletromagnético em forma de quebra-cabeça. Estas atividades forneceram subsídios para a solução da SP apresentada, tornaram as aulas mais dinâmicas e promoveram melhor interação entre os alunos. Para coleta de dados foram utilizados como instrumentos: questionário investigativo, SP e resolução de questões de Física na temática escolhida. Os dados coletados mostraram indícios de que a utilização de SP como ferramenta didática para o ensino de física foi motivante e relevante para a aprendizagem dos conceitos propostos.
Como determinar a altura das crateras lunares em uma atividade de aprendizagem investigativa
Authors: Silva Miqueline Aragão , De Carvalho Neto Walter Prado , Scarano Jr Sergio
Published: September 2022

Propomos neste trabalho uma atividade interdisciplinar de aprendizagem combinando procedimentos de ensino investigativo, técnicas de medição e aplicação do método científico baseados na situação problema de como medir a altura das crateras da Lua utilizando suas sombras. Tomando a Astronomia como elemento motivador, introduzimos um procedimento por meio do software profissional DS9 e bases de imageamento como a do Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter e o Moon Atlas 3D para realizar a medida das sombras das crateras lunares. Apresentamos um modelo trigonométrico simplificado para representar os efeitos de projeção dos raios solares sobre a superfície lunar e o aplicamos para as crateras Triesnecker, Arzachel e Autolycus. Com isso obtivemos estimativas para as alturas das crateras com erros percentuais inferiores a 25% dos valores reais, e envolvendo diversos conceitos interdisciplinares relacionando a Matemática, Geografia, Física e Astronomia.
Multiple organ failure and death caused by Staphylococcus aureus hip infection: A case report
Authors: Cai Dechao , Ma Xiao , Zhou Yukuan , Zhu Yakun , Yu Haoran , Cheng Wendan
Published: September 2022

Suppurative arthritis has an acute onset and mostly affects old people and children. Recently, the incidence of adult suppurative hip arthritis, as well as its serious consequences, has increased. The deep hip joint and surrounding hypertrophic muscle tissue limit physical examination. Furthermore, they may cause variable and atypical symptoms of suppurative hip arthritis, possibly inducing delayed diagnosis and treatment. This atypical presentation is uncommon, causing delayed diagnosis and treatment, thus worsening the outcomes. We herein report the case of a 58-year-old man with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) septicemia and multiple organ failure due to left pyogenic arthritis of the hip. The patient’s early symptoms were extremely atypical given that he only presented hip pain. Moreover, there was no obvious history of trauma or inflammatory manifestations, such as fever or local swelling, and laboratory examination results and imaging findings were atypical. However, the disease progressed rapidly, developing into systemic sepsis within a short period of time followed by multiple organ failure and death. Early diagnosis and effective treatment of S. aureus hip arthritis are essential to avoid poor outcomes.
Electron beam processing of rubbers and their composites
Authors: Shanmugharaj A. M. , Vijayabaskar V. , Bhowmick Anil K.
Published: September 2022

Electron beam (EB) processing of pristine and filled polymeric materials is considered as one of the most viable techniques in the development of three-dimensional (3D) network structures of polymeric or composite systems with improved physical and chemical properties. The grafting, or the crosslinking process induced by the merging of the macro free radicals generated during the electron beam modification without the aid of any chemical agent or heat, is responsible for the formation of the 3D networks in polymeric systems. Owing to its distinct advantages such as fast, clean and precise, electron beam (EB) radiation technology takes up a vital role in the crosslinking of polymeric compounds. However, during the course of electron beam treatment of polymers, two processes viz., crosslinking and chain scission take place simultaneously, depending on the level of radiation dose used for the processing. The present paper reviews the role of irradiation dose in the presence and absence of radiation sensitizer on the crosslinking and structure formation in a wide variety of soft matrices such as elastomers, latexes, thermoplastic elastomers and their respective filled systems. Notable improvements in mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties, thermal stability, processing characteristics, etc., of the EB processed elastomers and their composites are discussed elaborately in the paper. Specially, the property improvements observed in the EB processed pristine and filled rubbers in comparison to the conventional crosslinking technology are critically reviewed. The level of radiation dose inducing crosslinking in both pristine and filled rubbers, determined by calculating crosslink to scission ratio on the basis of Charlesby–Pinner equation is also discussed in the paper. Finally, the application aspects of electron beam curing technology with special emphasis to cable and sealing industries as developed by one of the authors are highlighted in the paper.
Newborn screening for propionic, methylmalonic acidemia and vitamin B12 deficiency. Analysis of 588,793 newborns
Authors: Martín-Rivada Álvaro , Cambra Conejero Ana , Martín-Hernández Elena , Moráis López Ana , Bélanger-Quintana Amaya , Cañedo Villarroya Elvira , Quijada-Fraile Pilar , Bellusci Marcelo , Chumillas Calzada Silvia , Bergua Martínez Ana , Stanescu Sinziana , Martínez-Pardo Casanova Mercedes , Ruíz-Sala Pedro , Ugarte Magdalena , Pérez González Belén , Pedrón-Giner Consuelo
Published: September 2022

Objectives

We present the results of our experience in the diagnosis and follow up of the positive cases for propionic, methylmalonic acidemias and cobalamin deficiencies (PA/MMA/MMAHC) since the Expanded Newborn Screening was implemented in Madrid Region.

Methods

Dried blood samples were collected 48 h after birth. Amino acids and acylcarnitines were quantitated by MS/MS. Newborns with alterations were referred to the clinical centers for follow-up. Biochemical and molecular genetic studies for confirmation of a disease were performed.

Results

In the period 2011–2020, 588,793 children were screened, being 953 of them were referred to clinical units for abnormal result (192 for elevated C3 levels). Among them, 88 were false positive cases, 85 maternal vitamin B12 deficiencies and 19 were confirmed to suffer an IEM (8 PA, 4 MMA, 7 MMAHC). Ten out 19 cases displayed symptoms before the NBS results (6 PA, 1 MMA, 3 MMAHC). C3, C16:1OH+C17 levels and C3/C2 and C3/Met ratios were higher in newborns with PA/MMA/MMAHC. Cases diagnosed with B12 deficiency had mean B12 levels of 187.6 ± 76.9 pg/mL and their mothers 213.7 ± 95.0; 5% of the mothers were vegetarian or had poor eating while 15% were diagnosed of pernicious anemia. Newborns and their mothers received treatment with B12 with different posology, normalizing their levels and the secondary alterations disappeared.

Conclusions

Elevated C3 are a frequent cause for abnormal result in newborn screening with a high rate of false positive cases. Presymptomatic diagnosis of most of PA and some MMA/MMAHC is difficult. Vitamin B12 deficiency secondary to maternal deprivation is frequent with an heterogenous clinical and biochemical spectrum.
Enculturating Coastal Environments in the Middle Mesolithic (8300–6300 cal BCE) – Site Variability, Human–Environment Relations, and Mobility Patterns in Northern Vestfold, SE-Norway
Authors: Berg-Hansen Inger Marie , Hårstad Silje , Granados Tina J. , Reitan Gaute , Romundset Anders , Johannessen Linnea S. , Solheim Steinar
Published: September 2022

The coastal settlement in Middle Mesolithic (MM) Southeast Norway is generally described as a dynamic system of small, short-lived sites and large sites that were visited repeatedly over a long time. It has been suggested that in this period – compared to the preceding Early Mesolithic (EM) – an increased attraction towards the large archipelagos along the Norwegian coast, and their broad spectrum of both marine and terrestrial food sources, took place. This has, however, been debated. An important background for the discussion is the documented population influx and the abrupt shift in tool technology around 8300 cal BCE. The question remains whether this great social and technological upheaval was followed by a transformation or break in the environmental knowledge and changes in the ways of living, such as new human–environment relations, settlement systems, and mobility patterns. We propose that the continuous process of enculturation of the land and environment would have played a decisive role in the societal development. In this article, we therefore investigate details of site construction and mobility patterns, as well as the marking of the land by the establishment of settlement sites and exploitation of lithic raw materials on a larger scale. We concentrate our investigation on the on-site activity, site location, lithic raw material economy, and technological organisation, which brings renewed opportunities for discussing enculturation processes in the period. Our results document a diverse settlement pattern, as well as diachronic variation, suggesting an internal duality within the sociocultural development process in the area. The article presents the new results from the InterCity Vestfold project, situated by the Oslofjord west coast. Our data comprise a total of eight excavated and 69 surveyed sites from 4 municipalities. A strong isostatic land uplift caused continuous and rapid changes in the shoreline configuration and its nearby environments, in the Oslofjord area throughout the Mesolithic. To enable the discussion of human–environment relations, we therefore present a new relative sea level (RSL) curve, supplying detailed data on the shoreline development in the project area.
Evolution of tobacco control in India: a narrative review of the legislative and regulatory approach
Authors: Bhatia Muskan , Sharma Nikita , Saifi Suzauddin , Parashar Swati , Nisha Nisha , Srivastava Roomani , Jain Meena
Published: September 2022

Tobacco is the only consumer product that kills half its users yearly. The challenges posed by tobacco control are limitless especially in a country like India where in addition to smoked forms, other smokeless forms of tobacco are also highly prevalent. Apart from being a health hazard tobacco is also a great environmental hazard. Policies for controlling tobacco use also include policy to prevent people from second hand smoke, which is aimed at improvement of air quality. According to the National Non-Communicable Disease Monitoring Survey, 2017–18, daily tobacco use was 32.8% in adults (18–69 years) and 3.1% in adolescents (15–17 years). Overall reduction in tobacco users by 8.1 Million was seen from GATS-1 to GATS-2, and prevalence amongst youth decreased from 18.4 to 12.4%. GYTS-4 (2019) revealed that 8.5% of students, 9.6% of boys and 7.4% of girls-currently used any tobacco products. This makes tobacco control a priority in India. Tobacco control consists of different approaches such as educational, healthcare, legislative, regulatory and fiscal. In the present article we traverse nearly five decades and decode the evolution of legislative, regulatory and fiscal approaches to Tobacco Control in India. A critical evaluation of all these approaches is described in the format of the MPOWER strategy for Tobacco Control which stands for Monitoring Tobacco use, Preventing people from Second Hand Smoke, Offering help to quit, Waring regarding ill effects of tobacco, Enforcing bans and Raising taxes on tobacco products.
Screen Violence from Settler Colonialism to Cognitive Capitalism
Authors: Gustafsson Henrik
Published: September 2022

While the HBO show Westworld (2016–present, created by Lisa Joy and Jonathan Nolan) has gained much critical attention for its byzantine plotting and philosophical conundrums, the present discussion focuses instead on the basic premise on which the titular park operates, namely that the algorithms that govern human behavior can be disclosed by studying how human beings behave toward image beings. Under the guise of a tactile experience of a make-believe past, the park attractions clandestinely function as a large behavioral sensor, extracting actionable data from the guests who reveal their inner drives when interacting with the host environment. Taking its cue from the opening titles of the first season, the argument pivots on the master trope of the series: the machine-readable scroll of perforated paper that commands the automated performance of the player piano. This motif is examined through a double-pronged approach that aligns the anthropology of images developed by Hans Belting, which understands the relation between humans and images as the interactions between “hosts” and “guests,” with the archaeology of media and its dominant concern to uncover the prehistory of the automated control systems of the computer age. While Westworld proffers a timely allegory of biopolitical capture along the digital frontier, the show ultimately testifies to the failure to constructively engage with the precarious relation between hosts and guests that to an equal extent defines our contemporary moment. The initial problem raised by Westworld, the ethics of killing virtual beings, thus gives rise to a broader historical inquiry that concerns the inability of human societies to face the past and deal with the images they inherit.
How retinoic acid and arsenic transformed acute promyelocytic leukemia therapy
Authors: Korsos Victoria , Miller Jr Wilson H
Published: September 2022

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is associated with severe coagulopathy leading to rapid morbidity and mortality if left untreated. The definitive diagnosis of APL is made by identifying a balanced reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 15 and 17. This t(15;17) results in a fusion transcript of promyelocytic leukemia (PML) and retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) genes and the expression of a functional PML/RARA protein. Detection of a fused PML/RARA genomic DNA sequence using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or by detection of the PML/RARA fusion transcript via reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has revolutionized the diagnosis and monitoring of APL. Once confirmed, APL is cured in over 90% of cases, making it the most curable subtype of acute leukemia today. Patients with low-risk APL are successfully treated using a chemotherapy-free combination of all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide (ATO). In this review, we explore the work that has gone into the modern-day diagnosis and highly successful treatment of this once devastating leukemia.
Characterization of culturable bacteria from pulp and paper industry wastewater, with the potential for degradation of cellulose, starch, and lipids
Authors: Bailón-Salas Ana M. , Ordaz-Díaz Luis A. , Valle-Cervantes Sergio , López-Miranda Javier , Urtiz-Estrada Norma , Páez-Lerma Jesús B. , Rojas-Contreras Juan A.
Published: September 2022

The search for microbial enzymatic activities applied to wastewater treatment is an important task in environmental biotechnology. Microbial enzymes have been previously explored in hostile habitats. They are increasingly important in extreme habitats; biological wastewater from the pulp and paper mill industry can harbor microorganisms with valuable enzymatic capabilities that can improve the efficiency for the same process of depuration. This study was performed to characterize and evaluate cellulolytic, amylolytic, and lipolytic activities of bacteria isolated from a pulp and paper effluent. The enzymatic activities were evaluated by the formation of a clear halo around the colonies in defined substrate media. By the use of a sequence analysis of 16S rDNA libraries, isolates were identified. The 16S rDNA libraries belong to the Bacillus subtilis, B. megaterium, B. licheniformis, B. pumilus, B. thuringiensis, B. cereus, Chryseobacterium daecheongense, and Microbacterium sediminis (an alkali-tolerant bacteria which has only been isolated from deep-sea sediment). B. cereus was the best strain for cellulose and lipase activities; moreover, C. daecheongense was best for amylase activity. The present study shows that the aerated lagoons from the pulp and paper industry are a promising source of bacterial with different enzyme activities. This data is relevant for industrial applications.
The effects of time and temperature in hydrothermal pretreatment on the enzymatic efficiency of wheat straw
Authors: Chen Qian , Chen Kaige , Wang Kun , Ma Jianfeng , Yang Haiyan , Chen Jinghuan
Published: September 2022

An attempt to correlate biomass characteristics to its susceptibility to enzymes is often inconclusive via investigation of the variables of hydrothermal pretreatment. Based on an integrated analysis of physicochemical properties, cellulose bioconversion, loss of pentose sugars, formation of inhibitory products, and the cost of energy, the optimal hydrothermal operation for wheat straw (1:20 w/v%) was found. This optimal operation involved cooling the hydrolysates as soon as the temperature reached 180 °C. Finally, a total of 40.7% glucose and 70.3% sugars were recovered during subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. Although treatment at a noticeably increased severity with a long incubation time could lead to almost 100% conversion of cellulose, the weight losses (mainly sugars) and inhibitors in the process liquid were not well suited for an industrial scale operation.
An optimized method for extracting oenothein B from eucalyptus leaves
Authors: Deng Yating , Tan Ziyi , Dang Xiaoqi , Mao Rongjie , Long Siyu , Li Wei , Li Meng
Published: September 2022

Eucalyptus is a fast-growing and high-yield tree species producing approximately one third of the timber of the world. Eucalyptus leaves are a by-product of timber with comparable biomass, and are largely unused. Eucalyptus leaves are rich in polyphenols, of which oenothein B is the most abundant. In this study, the authors developed an ultrasonic-based method for extracting oenothein B from Eucalyptus leaves. The ethanol concentration was proven to be a key determinant for the extraction efficiency and quality of oenothein B. Extracting with an ethanol concentration greater than 20% resulted in the altered chemical structure of oenothein B. The optimized conditions for Oenothein B extraction from Eucalyptus leaves used 10% ethanol and a 1 to 50 (g/mL) material to liquid ratio for 1 h under 40 kHz ultrasonic at a temperature of 87 °C. The highest extraction yield obtained was 12.4%. The oenothein B extract showed the capability of reactive oxygen scavenging. The accumulation pattern of oenothein B during the developmental processes of Eucalyptus leaves was detected using the developed method, and the rapid-accumulation period of oenothein B was determined, which will facilitate the utilization of Eucalyptus leaf resources.
Structural indices of the white bream (Blicca bjoerkna Linnaeus, 1758) population in the Kremenchuk Reservoir
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Leuskyi M. , Buzevych O. ,   Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Kyiv, Rudyk-Leuska N. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Kotovska G. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Khrystenko D. ,   Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Kyiv
Published: September 2022

Purpose. Analysis of structural indicators of the population of Blicca bjoerkna L. in the Kremenchuk reservoir in the world increasing its importance in the composition of industrial catches and development of methodological approaches to its use to reduce the industrial load on the catch of major industrial species. Methodology. Primary materials were collected at the monitoring sites of the Institute of Fisheries of NAAS, performed in the surface area of the Kremenchuk reservoir during 2016–2021. Findings. The article establishes the general basic population indicators of the population of Blicca bjoerkna L. in the Kremenchuk reservoir. Indicators of natural, commercial and general mortality of the population are established. The originality: the findings of the work serve the sustainable use of aquatic bioresources of natural reservoirs as a basis of scientifically sound principles for sustainable fisheries. Practical Value: the population indicators conducted in the work can be used to calculate the limits of the commercial catch of silver bream in the Kremenchuk reservoir to ensure its sustainable use. Key words: silver bream, Kremenchuk Reservoir, age structure, mortality, commercial stock
Історія: «єдина наука» чи інструмент політики, крайнім виявом якої є війна?
Authors: Литвин Володимир Михайлович
Published: September 2022

Статтю присвячено питанням пов’язування політичних практик з історією, а відповідно, політизації історичних досліджень, переоцінки минулого під кутом зору його бачення політиками, розуміння ними засад державного будівництва, курсу своїх країн у внутрішньому та зовнішньополітичному вимірах. У цьому контексті автор порушує теми історичної суверенізації нових держав, створення для цього додаткових інституцій, які перетворюються на самостійних акторів історичної політики, просуваючи свої концепції минулого з його героями; привертає увагу до розмивання німецького досвіду конструкції загальноєвропейського наративу з «пропрацюванням минулого», усуванням «білих плям» та проговоренням «темних сторінок» під тиском східноєвропейської культури з її «історією двох тоталітаризмів». Аналізуючи практику застосування «законів пам’яті» та історичні наративи РФ і США, історичні дискурси інших країн, зокрема Китаю, автор підводить до висновку, що час, коли світ «хворіє на історію», кидає виклик історичній науці, актуалізує проблему ролі й відповідальності вчених за відтворення знань про минуле, міри їх залученості у світоглядні та ідеологічні конфлікти, війни пам’яті і потребує особливої уваги до змісту сучасних підручників з історії. З огляду на розвиток подій після 24 лютого 2022 р. автор зазначає, що крайнім виявом експлуатації російською владою історії як інструмента політики стала війна проти України.
Quality management of the integrated development of Ukrainian light industry enterprises
Authors: Boichenko Kateryna , Klymenko Svitlana M. , Shevchuk Nataliia V. , Terentieva Olena V.
Published: September 2022

This research aims to form a comprehensive methodological approach to assessing the quality of the integrated development of Ukrainian light industry enterprises as a groundwork for effective managerial decision-making. The methodological research toolkit includes developing an integration map, and modeling and forecasting the results of integrated development. This comprehensive evaluation helps to justify the effectiveness of management decisions and increase the quality of integrated enterprise development, as well as their performance as a whole. Based on the formed map of enterprise integration, groups of enterprises were identified: forwards, strikers, defenders, and outsiders. Using integrated development modeling, the potential quality level of a 1% cost increase in integrated development and the volumes of product sales of the surveyed companies was determined with regard to the group distribution for the period up to 2025. A considerable increase in the efficiency of integrated development is provided for the forward companies. It has been found that a high-quality level of the management of integrated development in light industry enterprises requires a longer period of time compared to other groups of enterprises due to the slow pace of reducing the cost of integrated business development.
Social capital and entrepreneurial intention among Indonesia rural community
Authors: Utomo Sugeng Hadi , Narmaditya Bagus Shandy , Wibowo Agus , Ali Amjad , Sahid Sheerad
Published: September 2022

Despite the escalated interest in entrepreneurship, scholars have underexamined the role of social capital in determining entrepreneurial intention. This research attempts to examine how social capital matters in enhancing the intention of becoming an entrepreneur in the rural community. The method adopted in this work was a quantitative research approach using a survey model. The respondents of this survey were collected from the rural community in a selected area in Indonesia. Furthermore, to test the relationship between variables, we used Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to regress the data. The findings of the study confirm that social capital has robustly influenced the intention of being an entrepreneur. However, the perceived desirability of entrepreneurship failed to mediate the linkage between social capital and entrepreneurial intention. The findings have several implications for the government in developing economic growth and entrepreneurship in the local community.
PROSES PENGOLAHAN UDANG VANNAME (Litopenaeus Vannamei) HEAD LESS EASY PEEL BEKU DI PT INDOKOM SAMUDERA PERSADA, TANJUNG BINTANG, LAMPUNG SELATAN
Authors: Safitri Safitri , Salampessy Randi Bokhy Syuliana , Maulid Deden Yusman
Published: September 2022

Udang merupakan salah satu komoditas utama ekspor Indonesia karena kandungan gizi yang tinggi serta permintaan pasar yang meningkat setiap tahunnya, salah satu jenis udang yang menjadi komiditi ekspor Indonesia adalah jenis vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei).  Untuk menghasilkan produk ekspor yang baik maka harus diperhatikan faktor – faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi mutu produk tersebut. Penenlitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alur proses pengolahan udang vannamei head less easy peel, penerapan rantai dingin, mutu bahan baku dan produk, rendemen, produktivitas tenanga kerja, penerapan persyaratan kelayakan dasar (GMP, SSOP dan GMP) dan penanganan limbah. Penelitian menggunakan metode observasi lansung ke unit pengolahan PT Indokom Samudera Persada. Metode analisa data yang digunakan yakni deskriptif dan komparatif. Kata kunci: mutu, pengolahan, produktivitas, persyaratan kelayakan dasar, rendemen, suhu  Shrimp is one of Indonesia's main export commodities because of its high nutritional content and increasing market demand every year. One of the types of shrimp that is Indonesia's export commodity is the vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei). To produce a good export product, it is necessary to pay attention to the factors that can affect the quality of the product. This study aims to determine the flow of the vannamei shrimp processing head less easy peel, application of the cold chain, quality of raw materials and products, the yield, the labor productivity, the application of pre-requisite (GMP, SSOP and GMP) and the handling of waste. This research uses direct observation method to the processing unit of PT Indokom Samudera Persada. The data analysis method used is descriptive and comparative. Keywords: quality, processing, productivity, pre – requisite, yield, temperature
Analisa Faktor-Faktor Permasalahan Untuk Meningkatkan Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Nila Pada UPR Golden Fish Farm Kecamatan Kauditan - Minahasa Utara
Authors: Zulendra Muhammad Fiqi , Sektiana Sinar Pagi
Published: September 2022

ABSTRAKMeningkatnya produksi ikan nila memberikan peluang yang sangat besar bagi usaha pembenihan ikan nila dikarenakan input dalam melakukan pembesaran ikan nila adalah benih. berkurangnya benih ikan merupakan kendala bagi peningkatan produksi, sehingga benih tersebut harus tersedia sepanjang tahun. Ketersediaan benih merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi keberlanjutan usaha ikan nila. Keberlanjutan dalam penyediaan benih harus diimbangi dengan tersedianya benih ikan nila unggul yang memiliki sertifikat kualitas benih. Salah satu faktor keberhasilan dalam usaha pembenihan ikan adalah kelangsungan hidup yang tinggi pada benih. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kelangsungan hidup antara lain kualitas induk dan benih, kualitas air, pakan dan padat tebar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan dan upaya intervensi dalam meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan nila. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi dengan variable indicator yang diukur adalah tingkat kelangsungan hidup benih ikan nila. Hasil observasi dianalisis menggunakan analisa fishbone diagram dan analisa root cause untuk mengetahui akar penyebab masalahnya. Pemijahan dilakukan secara alami dan massal dengan perbandingan 1 : 3 (100 jantan dan 300 betina) pada masing-masing kolam selama 14 hari. Larva ikan nila hasil pemijahan ditebar pada kolam pendederan A, B, C, D, E yang selanjutnya dipelihara selama 30 hari hingga mencapai ukuran 3-5 cm. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup benih ikan nila tertinggi diperoleh pada kolam pendederan B yaitu 65% dan terendah diperoleh pada kolam pendederan D yaitu 54%. Rendahnya tingkat kelangsungan hidup benih ikan nila yang diperoleh berdasarkan key performance indicator disebabkan oleh persiapan kolam tidak maksimal, pakan terlambat diberikan, benih dimakan oleh hama dan kualitas air tidak diukur. Intervensi utama yang segera harus dilakukan agar meningkatkan tingkat kelangsungan benih ikan nila yaitu membenahi sumber daya manusia.
IDENTIFIKASI KANDUNGAN FORMALIN PADA PRODUK IKAN TERI NASI ASIN (Stolephorus sp) DAN KARAKTERISTIK PEDAGANG DI PASAR TRADISIONAL KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Permadi Aef , Hidayah Nur , Afifah Nur , Purnamasari Heny Budi , Dharmayanti Niken , R Siregar Resmi , H Sipahutar Yuliati
Published: September 2022

Kota Medan merupakan salah satu kota terbesar di Provinsi Sumatera Utara, dimana Kota Medan merupakan kota yang memproduksi ikan teri nasi (Stolephorus sp) yang tinggi.  Ikan teri nasi (Stolephorus sp) kering mudah didapatkan di seluruh Kota Medan, oleh karena itu menjadi salah satu ikan yang cukup banyak dikomsumsi sebagai lauk-pauk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengamati proses pengolahan ikan teri nasi asin dari penerimaan bahan baku hingga pemasaran, melakukan pengujian secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif pada produk ikan teri nasi asin yang dijual di pasar tradisional Kota Medan khususnya di daerah Belawan, Marelan, Martubung, Brayan, Helvetia, Kurnia, Gabion. Dan mengetahui karakteristik serta pengetahuan tentang formalin dipasar tradisional Kota Medan dan nelayan. Metode penelitian dengan melakukan pengamatan langsung dan pengujian formalin di Laboratorium dan metode survey. Pengujian formalin dari 32 sampel terdapat 19 sampel positif (59%) dan 13 sampel negative (41%) dan kadar formalin tertinggi terdapat di pasar Marelan Sore yaitu 1,6 mg/kg.. Karakteristik pedagang pada pasar tradisional Kota Medan meliputi umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan dan lama berjualan. Umur pedagang berkisar 15-45 tahun dan pedagang yang paling banyak yaitu pada umur 31-35 tahun sebanyak (31%). Pendidikan pedagang dipasar tradisional kota Medan dimulai dari tidak bersekolah hingga tamatan SMA dan pedagang yang paling banyak adalah SD dan SMP (31%). Karakteristik pedagang berdasarkan jenis kelamin di pasar tradisional Kota Medan lebih banyak pedagang perempuan (63%) dibanding dengan pedagang laki-laki (37%). Dan pengetahuan dari responden mengenai formalin adalah 60% menjawab tidak tahu dan 40% menjawab tahu. Kata Kunci : ikan teri nasi asin, formalin, pedagang, pasar tradisional medan
Oceanic ambient noise in the Arctic on the Chukchi Shelf: broadband characteristics and environmental drivers
Authors:   , Fung Kathryn
Published: September 2022

This thesis encompasses an analysis of underwater ambient noise collected by the yearlong Canada Basin Acoustic Propagation Experiment (CANAPE) on the Chukchi Shelf of the Arctic. This location contained the Beaufort Duct, a significant effect of climate change on the Arctic’s underwater soundscape. A study of the statistical and probability metrics was conducted on a frequency band of 50-1900 Hz to examine the relation between environmental drivers and noise patterns. The presence of ice typically decreases broadband ambient noise, when compared to ice-free seas. However, the Beaufort Duct under ice increases the ambient noise levels below 1 kHz. The relationship between ambient noise and the environment is further explored by studying the link between distant ice movements and ambient levels Correlation between the two is found to exist from 300-1500 Hz, as distant ( 500 km) ice drift motion appears to drive noise levels at the receiver.
Mechanisms of tidal dispersion in a salt marsh estuary
Authors:   , Garcia Adrian Mikhail P.
Published: September 2022

Dispersion in estuaries sets the length of salinity intrusion and the horizontal mixing rate of waterborne constituents, including larvae, nutrients, sediments, and contaminants. While bulk calculations of dispersion are readily estimated using traditional field measurements, the mechanisms contributing to the total dispersion are difficult to identify because they require high temporal and spatial resolution to measure. Recent advances in field techniques and numerical modeling have enabled the isolated study of various mechanisms contributing to dispersion, many of which vary on tidal time-scales and over small spatial scales. The objective of this thesis is to use a combination of high-resolution field measurements and numerical modeling to determine the mechanisms of dispersion that maintain the salt balance in the North River (Marshfield, MA), a tidally-dominated salt marsh estuary with complex topography. First, a field campaign was conducted to determine the dispersion associated with the out-of-phase exchange between tributary creeks and the main channel. Then, numerical simulations of an idealized estuary were conducted and a novel quasi-Lagrangian approach was applied to analyze the sources of dispersive salt fluxes throughout the estuary. A second field campaign was conducted to evaluate the spatial variability of shear dispersion, particularly near regions of abrupt topographic variations. The key result from this thesis is obtained through the first application of the theoretical moving plane framework of Dronkers & van de Kreeke (1986), which confirms quantitatively that all landward salt flux at a fixed location must result from spatial correlations in velocity and salinity within a tidal excursion of the fixed location. Based on this result, the sources of the landward salt flux can be directly identified based on the spatial and tidal variations of shear dispersion, which can vary strongly due to its dependence on the local tidal currents, along-channel salinity gradient, and bathymetry. This thesis identifies and quantifies various mechanisms of topographically-induced tidal dispersion and thus highlights the dominant role of topography in controlling the processes that contribute to mixing and transport in short, tidally-energetic estuaries.
VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION OF Mimosa Caesalpiniifolia BY MINI-CUTTINGS TECHNIQUE
Authors: Silva Ana Karla Vieira da , Aguiar Thamiris da Silva , Santos Márcia Ellen Chagas dos , Araújo Jayane Karine Pereira de , Freire Álvaro da Costa , Salami Gabriela , Araujo Poliana Coqueiro Dias
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT This study aimed to establish a methodology for vegetative propagation via mini-cuttings technique for Mimosa Caesalpiniifolia. For such, three independent experiments were conducted: the first one evaluated survival and production of mini-stumps; the second tested the interaction between mini-cuttings types (apical and intermediate) and different concentrations of indolbutyric acid (IAB; 0, 2,000, 4,000 and 6,000 mg.L-1) on adventitious rooting; and the third analyzed the effect of leaf area reduction (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) on mini-cuttings. Mini-stumps survival at 180 days was 80%, with an average yield of 5 sprouts per mini-stump at 120 days. Apical mini-cuttings demonstrated a higher rooting percentage, without IBA application, higher than 80%. On the other hand, IBA application promotes increased rooting percentage in intermediate mini-cuttings. Treatments without leaf reduction and with reduction of 25% promoted better results concerning rooting and plant development. Results support the hypothesis that mini-cuttings technique is viable for the propagation of Mimosa Caesalpiniifolia.
Public–private partnerships as investment models for water infrastructure in South Africa
Authors: Ruiters Cornelius , Amadi-Echendu Joe
Published: September 2022

Developing countries, such as South Africa, have no choice but to look at innovative and/or alternative approaches, such as public–private partnerships (PPPs), as investment models, to ensure that they eliminate their water infrastructure backlogs. The primary objectives of this research were (a) to develop a PPP framework; (b) to identify PPP investment models for water infrastructure; and (c) to determine key categories, criteria and characteristics for cost-effective PPP investment models to ensure the sustainability of the water infrastructure value chain in South Africa. The framework for PPPs identified five broad categories of investment models for the water infrastructure value chain in South Africa. The research results highlight the aspects of PPPs in addressing (a) water infrastructure needs, (b) an implementation strategy for water infrastructure projects, (c) investment policies and (d) the eradication of water infrastructure backlogs. The total investment estimates in the past 20-year period (1998/1999–2019/2020) have been about US$48.36 billion, with the public sector contributing about US$44.32 billion (91.64%) and the private sector only US$4.04 billion (8.36%). Furthermore, the analysis showed that about US$2.75 billion/annum is available based on the current financial arrangements, leaving a financial gap of US$2.83 billion/annum in the water infrastructure value chain.