bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inter-Relationship of Procedural Mortality Rates in Vascular Surgery in England
Authors: Sinha S. , Karthikesalingam A. , Poloniecki J.D. , Thompson M.M. , Holt P.J.
Published: January 2014

Background—

Wide variations in vascular surgical outcomes have been demonstrated in England. The objective of this study was to determine whether risk-adjusted postoperative mortality rates for elective and emergency vascular surgical procedures were inter-related.

Methods and Results—

A retrospective observational study using National Health Service administrative data on adult patients undergoing elective or emergency vascular surgery from 2005 to 2010. The 10 procedures covered the broad spectrum of workload for a vascular surgical service. The primary outcome measure was in-hospital mortality, and secondary outcomes were 30-day and 1-year mortality. Data were risk-adjusted using multilevel modeling. Analyses comprised a 2-level basket designed to evaluate variations in outcome and whether the outcome of each procedure could be predicted by the composite outcome of all other procedures. A total of 116 596 vascular surgical procedures were performed across 166 providers. For 9 of 10 procedures, there were hospitals lying outside 95% control limits for ≥1 mortality outcome. The key finding was that ≥1 risk-adjusted mortality outcome for any 1 of the 9 vascular surgical procedures could be predicted by the aggregated within provider performance of the other vascular surgical procedures combined.

Conclusions—

Hospital-level risk-adjusted mortality for both elective and emergency vascular procedures in England varies considerably, and providers were globally high or low performers. The data should be made available to patients, relatives, and the purchasers of services to drive improvements in the provision of vascular surgical services.
Increased Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction and Stroke During Hemorrhagic Fever With Renal Syndrome
Authors: Connolly-Andersen Anne-Marie , Hammargren Edvin , Whitaker Heather , Eliasson Mats , Holmgren Lars , Klingström Jonas , Ahlm Clas
Published: January 2014

Background—

We recently observed that cardiovascular causes of death are common in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), which is caused by hantaviruses. However, it is not known whether HFRS is a risk factor for the acute cardiovascular events of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke.

Methods and Results—

Personal identification numbers from the Swedish HFRS patient database (1997–2012; n=6643) were cross-linked with the National Patient Register from 1987 to 2011. Using the self-controlled case series method, we calculated the incidence rate ratio of AMI/stroke in the 21 days after HFRS against 2 different control periods either excluding (analysis 1) or including (analysis 2) fatal AMI/stroke events. The incidence rate ratios for analyses 1 and 2 for all AMI events were 5.53 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.6–11.8) and 6.02 (95% CI, 2.95–12.3) and for first AMI events were 3.53 (95% CI, 1.25–9.96) and 4.64 (95% CI, 1.83–11.77). The incidence rate ratios for analyses 1 and 2 for all stroke events were 12.93 (95% CI, 5.62–29.74) and 15.16 (95% CI, 7.21–31.87) and for first stroke events were 14.54 (95% CI, 5.87–36.04) and 17.09 (95% CI, 7.49–38.96). The majority of stroke events occurred in the first week after HFRS. Seasonal effects were not observed, and apart from 1 study, neither sex nor age interacted with the associations observed in this study.

Conclusions—

There is a significantly increased risk for AMI and stroke in the immediate time period after HFRS. Therefore, HFRS patients should be carefully monitored during the acute phase of disease to ensure early recognition of symptoms of impending AMI or stroke.
Classification of Musical Timbre Using Bayesian Networks
Authors: Donnelly Patrick J. , Sheppard John W.
Published: January 2014

In this article, we explore the use of Bayesian networks for identifying the timbre of musical instruments. Peak spectral amplitude in ten frequency windows is extracted for each of 20 time windows to be used as features. Over a large data set of 24,000 audio examples covering the full musical range of 24 different common orchestral instruments, four different Bayesian network structures, including naive Bayes, are examined and compared with two support vector machines and a k-nearest neighbor classifier. Classification accuracy is examined by instrument, instrument family, and data set size. Bayesian networks with conditional dependencies in the time and frequency dimensions achieved 98 percent accuracy in the instrument classification task and 97 percent accuracy in the instrument family identification task. These results demonstrate a significant improvement over the previous approaches in the literature on this data set. Additionally, we tested our Bayesian approach on the widely used Iowa musical instrument data set, with similar results.
The status of the Australian genus Caridinides Calman, 1926 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) with reference to recent phylogenetic studies
Authors: GRAVE SAMMY DE , PAGE TIMOTHY J.
Published: January 2014

Traditionally four subfamilies have been recognised within Atyidae (Holthuis 1986) based on an expanded version of Bouvier’s (1925) “série” concept, namely Atyinae De Haan, 1849, Caridellinae Holthuis, 1986, Paratyinae Holthuis, 1986, and Typhlatyinae Holthuis, 1986. The distinction between these subfamilies and the assignment of genera to them was based on the relative development of exopods on the pereiopods, the branchial formulae, pigment presence and reduction of eyes, the number of spines on the uropodal diaresis, as well as the shape and proportions of the chelipeds. In recent years, this subfamily division has not been consistently used in primary taxonomic literature (see Richard et al. 2012) and a growing body of phylogenetic studies have cast considerable doubt on their relevance to common ancestry. This phylogenetic work recently culminated in the comprehensive study of von Rintelen et al. (2012), who included 32 genera (out of the 42 then known) in analyses of one mitochondrial (16S) and two nuclear genes (28S, H3). They found no molecular support to continue to recognise subfamilies as phylogenetic realities, and suggested using informal group names for the five deep clades they recovered.
Global versus Local MJO Forecast Skill of the ECMWF Model during DYNAMO
Authors: Ling Jian , Bauer Peter , Bechtold Peter , Beljaars Anton , Forbes Richard , Vitart Frederic , Ulate Marcela , Zhang Chidong
Published: January 2014

This study introduces a concept of global versus local forecast skill of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). The global skill, measured by a commonly used MJO index [the Real-time Multivariate MJO (RMM)], evaluates the model’s capability of forecasting global patterns of the MJO, with an emphasis on the zonal wind fields. The local skill is measured by a method of tracking the eastward propagation of MJO precipitation. It provides quantitative information of the strength, propagation speed, and timing of MJO precipitation in a given region, such as the Indian Ocean. Both global and local MJO forecast skills are assessed for ECMWF forecasts of three MJO events during the 2011–12 Dynamics of the MJO (DYNAMO) field campaign. Characteristics of error growth differ substantially between global and local MJO forecast skills, and between the three MJO quantities (strength, speed, and timing) of the local skill measure. They all vary considerably among the three MJO events. Deterioration in global forecast skill for these three events appears to be related to poor local skill in forecasting the propagation speed of MJO precipitation. The global and local MJO forecast skill measures are also applied to evaluate numerical experiments of observation denial, humidity relaxation, and forcing by daily perturbations in sea surface temperature (SST). The results suggest that forecast skill or errors of convective initiation of the three MJO events have global origins. Effects of local (Indian Ocean) factors, such as enhanced observations in the initial conditions, variability of tropospheric humidity and tropical SST, on forecasts of MJO initiation and propagation are limited.
Tornado Climatology of Turkey
Authors: Kahraman Abdullah , Markowski Paul M.
Published: January 2014

A climatology of tornadoes in Turkey is presented using records from a wide variety of sources (e.g., the Turkish State Meteorological Service, European Severe Weather Database, newspaper archives, Internet searches, etc.). The climatology includes the annual, diurnal, geographical, and intensity distributions of both mesocyclonic and nonmesocyclonic tornadoes. From 1818 to 2013, 385 tornado cases were obtained. The tornadoes range from F0 to F3, with F1 being the most frequently reported or inferred intensity. Mesocyclonic tornadoes are most likely in May and June, and a secondary maximum in frequency is present in October and November. Nonmesocyclonic tornadoes (waterspouts) are most common in the winter along the (southern) Mediterranean coast and in the fall along the Black Sea (northern) coast. Tornadoes (both mesocyclonic and nonmesocyclonic) are most likely in the afternoon and early evening hours.
Biochemical markers of bone turnover – uses and limitations
Authors: Hlaing Thinn Thinn , Compston Juliet E
Published: January 2014

Bone turnover markers of resorption and formation are released during the process of bone remodelling. These markers have been extensively studied in a number of therapeutic trials of osteoporosis during the past decade. This has led to better understanding of their physiology, clinical applications and possible ways to optimize analytical techniques. Bone markers can complement the results of bone mineral density in the management of osteoporosis, but their use in clinical practice is challenged by pre-analytical and analytical variability. This review will discuss different types of bone markers, their limitations, use in different metabolic bone diseases and current recommendations from the International Osteoporosis Foundation and the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine bone marker standards working group.
Overweight and Obesity Among African American Women
Authors: Sutherland Marcia E.
Published: January 2014

There is substantial research evidence on the disproportionate number of African American women who are overweight, obese, and morbidly obese. African American women are at significant risk for weight-related chronic diseases including stroke, osteoarthritis, sleep apnea, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, endometrial cancer, breast cancer, and other types of cancer. This article reviews the behavioral, biological, cultural, demographic, environmental, and psychological factors that might explain and maintain obesity among African American women. Also included is a review of the effectiveness of obesity prevention and treatment programs among African American women.
The History of Black Studies in Japan
Authors: Kato Tsunehiko
Published: January 2014

In the pre-war days, the most of Black studies in Japan were politically exploited to justify the national imperialistic policy. In the post-war period, however, with the start of the Cold War, Japan Black Studies Association (JBSA) was established in 1954 by the people who believed that the American democracy was problematic as long as Blacks were segregated in the South. From the middle of the 1950s and the 1960s, to study the struggles of Black people for freedom in the world encouraged JBSA members in their efforts to be part of social movements for democratic transformation of Japanese society. And from the 1970s and the 1980s, when the agenda of women liberation was on the table in Japan, JBSA focused upon the works of Black women in the world. And the works of Caribbean women writers as well as those of Black British writers also came into view.
Detecting Free Riders in Collective Brands through a Hierarchical Choice Process
Authors: Nicolau Juan L. , Mas Francisco J.
Published: January 2014

Free-riding behaviors exist in tourism and they should be analyzed from a comprehensive perspective; while the literature has mainly focused on free riders operating in a destination, the destinations themselves might also free ride when they are under the umbrella of a collective brand. The objective of this article is to detect potential free-riding destinations by estimating the contribution of the different individual destinations to their collective brands, from the point of view of consumer perception. We argue that these individual contributions can be better understood by reflecting the various stages that tourists follow to reach their final decision. A hierarchical choice process is proposed in which the following choices are nested (not independent): “whether to buy,” “what collective brand to buy,” and “what individual brand to buy.” A Mixed Logit model confirms this sequence, which permits estimation of individual contributions and detection of free riders.
Constructing collectivity in diversity: online political mobilization of a national LGBT political party
Authors: Soriano Cheryll Ruth Reyes
Published: January 2014

The internet has opened up a space for discussions of queer sexuality and the interconnectivity made possible by internet technologies enables the active exchange of queer ideologies across distant spaces that facilitate the formation of ‘queer counterpublics’. But how do cyberqueer movements form a collectivity amid the instability of individual and collective identities and the vulnerabilities and controls posed by new technology mediation? Through the case study of Ladlad, a lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) political party in the Philippines, this paper examines the role of online media in the construction of a queer movement. The article argues that the process of connectivity facilitated by online spaces creates nodes of identification, belonging, and support that symbolically form a collective site of resistance to sources of oppressive power for LGBTs.
Tactile drawing aesthetics and a blind woman’s drawings of sounds
Authors: Kennedy John M
Published: January 2014

This article makes four points. First, in making raised, tangible outline pictures, blind people can invent sophisticated treatments for topics they select themselves. Second, their drawings can be realistic. Third, they can also be metaphoric, in showing sounds for example. Fourth, their outline drawings use line for surface edges, and they incorporate aspects of perspective such as profiles. These points are illustrated by three drawings by EW, a blind woman. They are sketches of a couple waltzing, a guitar player, and a samba band. The account of line and profiles given here for the blind, this article argues, applies also to Palaeolithic art, as in Herzog’s ‘Cave of forgotten dreams’ and Cook’s ‘Ice age art: the arrival of the modern mind’.
The Pains of Permanent Imprisonment
Authors: Leigey Margaret E. , Ryder Michael A.
Published: January 2014

Previous research has found commonality in the pains of imprisonment reported by English and American long-term inmates. Using a triangulated research methodology, this study examined the hardships associated with permanent incarceration as reported by 18 older male inmates serving a sentence of life without the possibility of parole. Strong agreement existed between the present sample and previous samples as to the most and least difficult aspects of imprisonment. Consistent with the previous studies, outside problems were perceived as being more severe than inside problems. Overall, this study found agreement in the pains of long-term imprisonment, regardless of the exact length or type of sentence.
Measuring and Reporting Intercoder Reliability in Plan Quality Evaluation Research
Authors: Stevens Mark R. , Lyles Ward , Berke Philip R.
Published: January 2014

Plan quality evaluation researchers typically evaluate plans in relation to whether they contain certain desirable features. Best practice dictates that plans be evaluated by at least two readers and that researchers report a measure of the extent to which the readers agree on whether the plans contain the desirable features. Established practice for assessing this agreement has been subject to criticism. We summarize this criticism, discuss an alternative approach to assessing agreement, and provide recommendations for plan quality evaluation researchers to follow to improve the quality of their data and the manner in which they assess and report that quality.
Life Closure with the Roy Adaptation Model
Authors: Dobratz Marjorie C.
Published: January 2014

The author of this paper examines the initial conceptualization of death and dying theory within the context of the Roy adaptation model (RAM) and compares it with current knowledge development. An evolved RAM with its philosophic assumptions provides a framework by which to add existential components of spirituality, life meaning, and purposeful existence that were absent in the original work on death and dying.
Life as a Nurse Researcher
Authors: Clarke Pamela N. , Fawcett Jacqueline
Published: January 2014

The connection between theory and research is vital. In this paper, Dr. Fawcett presents her views of her life as a researcher. The importance of early mentoring is addressed as is the impact of her research on nursing science.
The Ethics of Waiting and Anticipating Life Beyond
Authors: Milton Constance L.
Published: January 2014

Waiting is a common everyday experience. It is particularly important to person(s) and families living with changing complex health patterns and may be especially vital to those who are anticipating the end-of-life and beyond. The author in this column offers a discussion of potential definitions, meanings, and straight thinking responsibilities for healthcare professionals, as they provide professional services with persons and families who may be arduously experiencing the phenomenon of waiting with ever-changing health situations. Implications for professional nurse practice are offered from a humanbecoming perspective.
The Nurse Practitioner and Policy in End-of-Life Care
Authors: DuBois Janet C. , Reed Pamela G.
Published: January 2014

The focus of this column is the interface between policy and end-of-life care, particularly as provided by advanced nurse practitioners. The complexities of end-of-life along with barriers in practice can diminish quality of life for patients and their families. Changes in policy are needed to enable nurse practitioners their full scope of practice in a way that benefits patients and families at end-of-life. Three areas particularly relevant to policy for nursing practitioners and end-of-life care are addressed: scope of practice, reimbursement, and prescribing practices. Other recommendations for policy and end-of-life care are discussed.
Newman’s Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness
Authors: Bateman Gina C. , Merryfeather Lyn
Published: January 2014

In this article, the authors demonstrate the value of using Newman’s theory of health as expanding consciousness for nurses and the clients they serve. A review of the conception and evolution of the theory and its link to spiritual ideology provides a multi-dimensional perspective of Newman’s ideas. Additionally, an exploration of the central concepts of the theory offers an in- depth view of the philosophical and practical tenets on which the theory is based. The authors also chronicle one nurse’s journey and evolution as a healthcare provider whose practice is rooted in Newman’s theory.
Engaging Pharmacy Students, Residents, and Fellows in Antimicrobial Stewardship
Authors: Chahine Elias B. , El-Lababidi Rania M. , Sourial Mariette
Published: January 2014

Antimicrobial stewardship programs are mainly established by infectious diseases physicians and infectious diseases-trained clinical pharmacists with the goal of optimizing patients’ outcomes while halting antimicrobial resistance, decreasing adverse events, and controlling health care cost. The role of the infectious diseases-trained clinical pharmacist in antimicrobial stewardship is well established; however, there are not enough formally trained pharmacists to assume the challenging responsibilities of the steward coordinator. The purpose of this article was to review the available literature and resources and propose a model to engage introductory pharmacy practice experience students, advanced pharmacy practice experience students, postgraduate year (PGY) 1 pharmacy residents, PGY2 infectious diseases pharmacy residents, and PGY2 or PGY3 infectious diseases pharmacy fellows in antimicrobial stewardship. Further studies are needed to assess and document the impact of pharmacy students and postgraduate trainees on antimicrobial stewardship programs.
We, the people at work: propositions for revitalizing industrial democracy through the use of Étienne Balibar’s concepts
Authors: Casey Catherine
Published: January 2014

Current debates in social and political studies raise concerns about a ‘democratic deficit’ in society. Critical debates in work, employment and industrial relations raise similar concerns about intensified employer and managerial power and weak workers’ voice in substantive decision-making in organizations and workplaces. This article proposes that consideration of philosopher Étienne Balibar’s conceptions of post-national social citizenship, droit de cité, popular sovereignty and ‘worksites of democracy’ can usefully stimulate renewed discussion on substantive industrial and organizational democracy. The article argues that development of a radically social citizenship disrupts the hegemony of liberal notions of ownership and of employment contractual relations. Expansive social citizenship enables emancipatory movement beyond congealed adversarial conventions and towards a democracy understood as continually reflexive cooperation. The article illustratively addresses theoretical and practical implications for the regulation of work, employee participation and corporate governance, especially in European companies.
Late-Holocene faunal and landscape change in the Bahamas
Authors: Steadman David W , Albury Nancy A , Maillis Perry , Mead Jim I , Slapcinsky John , Krysko Kenneth L , Singleton Hayley M , Franklin Janet
Published: January 2014

We report an intertidal, bone-rich peat deposit on the windward (Atlantic Ocean) coast of Abaco, The Bahamas. The age of the Gilpin Point peat ( c. 950–900 cal. yr BP) is based on five overlapping radiocarbon dates (one each from single pieces of wood of buttonwood Conocarpus erectus and sabal palm Sabal palmetto, and single bones of the Cuban crocodile Crocodylus rhombifer, Albury’s tortoise Chelonoidis alburyorum, and green turtle Chelonia mydas). The short time interval represented by the charcoal-rich peat suggests rapid sedimentation following initial anthropogenic fires on Abaco. The site’s diverse snail assemblage is dominated by terrestrial and freshwater species. The peat is exposed today only during exceptionally low tides, suggesting a lower sea level at the time of deposition as well as a degrading shoreline during the past millennium. Fossils from Gilpin Point represent a late-Holocene vertebrate community at the time of first human presence; only 10 of the 17 identified species of amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals still live on Abaco. Numerous unhealed bite marks on the inside of the thick carapaces of the green turtle attest to consumption by Cuban crocodiles, which probably scavenged turtles butchered by humans. This concept, along with the dense concentration of bones in the peat, and charring on some bones of the green turtle and Abaco tortoise, suggests a cultural origin of the bone deposit at Gilpin Point, where the only Amerindian artifact recovered thus far is a shell bead.
The value of repeat kidney biopsy in quiescent Argentinian lupus nephritis patients
Authors: Alvarado AS , Malvar A , Lococo B , Alberton V , Toniolo F , Nagaraja HN , Rovin BH
Published: January 2014

Background

The duration of maintenance therapy after induction therapy for lupus nephritis has not been rigorously established. A common practice is to maintain immunosuppression for 1–2 years after complete remission, and longer for partial remission. The present work addresses whether a repeat kidney biopsy might be informative in deciding who should continue immunosuppression after complete or partial remission.

Methods

The practice in a large Buenos Aires nephrology unit is to repeat a kidney biopsy before finalizing the decision to withdraw or continue immunosuppression. This work reports on a cohort of 25 Hispanic patients that had two or more kidney biopsies, the last occurring after at least 24 months of clinically quiescent disease.

Results

Despite normalization of serum creatinine and reduction of proteinuria to <500 mg/d, 30% of patients still had significant activity at the last biopsy. Conversely, 60% of patients with ongoing proteinuria (500–1000 mg/d), or stable but abnormal serum creatinine, had no activity by biopsy. Univariate association analyses demonstrated that improvement in the activity index (AI) of the last biopsy was associated with choice of induction therapy (cyclophosphamide or mycophenolate), improvement in serum creatinine over the first six months of treatment, and improvement in complement component C4. By multivariate regression analyses, two AI prediction models emerged. Cyclophosphamide plus change in serum creatinine or cyclophosphamide plus change in C4 accounted for 50% of the improvement in AI.

Conclusion

These data suggest that a repeat biopsy may be useful in making the decision to withdraw or continue maintenance immunosuppression.
Interactive analysis and visualization of situationally aware building evacuations
Authors: Guest Jack , Eaglin Todd , Subramanian Kalpathi , Ribarsky William
Published: January 2014

Evacuation of large urban structures, such as campus buildings, arenas, or stadiums, is of prime interest to emergency responders and planners. Although there is a large body of work on evacuation algorithms and their application, most of these methods are impractical to use in real-world scenarios (nonreal-time, for instance) or have difficulty handling scenarios with dynamically changing conditions. Our overall goal in this work is toward developing computer visualizations and real-time visual analytic tools for evacuations of large groups of buildings, and in the long term, integrate this with the street networks in the surrounding areas. A key aspect of our system is to provide situational awareness and decision support to first responders and emergency planners. In our earlier work, we demonstrated an evacuation system that employed a modified variant of a heuristic-based evacuation algorithm, which (1) facilitated real-time complex user interaction with first responder teams, in response to information received during the emergency; (2) automatically supported visual reporting tools for spatial occupancy, temporal cues, and procedural recommendations; and (3) multi-scale building models, heuristic evacuation models, and unique graph manipulation techniques for producing near real-time situational awareness. The system was tested in collaboration with our campus police and safety personnel, via a tabletop exercise consisting of three different scenarios. In this work, we have redesigned the system to be able to handle larger groups of buildings, in order to move toward a full-campus evacuation system. We demonstrate an evacuation simulation involving 22 buildings in the University of North Carolina, Charlotte campus. Second, the implementation has been redesigned as a WebGL application, facilitating easy dissemination and use by stakeholders.
Impact of Angiogenic Therapy in the Treatment of Critical Lower Limb Ischemia in an Animal Model
Authors: Reis Paulo Eduardo Ocke , de Carvalho Leonardo Pinto , Yasumura Eduardo , Silva Flavia Helena da , Garcia Bianca Cristina , Beutel Abram , Sacramento Chester Bittencourt , Baptista-Silva José Carlos Costa , de Campos Ruy Ribeiro , Takiya Christina Maeda , Borojevic Radovan , Han Sang Won
Published: January 2014

Angiogenic therapies for critical limb ischemia were tested in a mouse model. The mice were anesthetized and their femoral arteries were ligated. The animals were treated with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) alone, BMMCs combined with plasmid vector encoding granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), received no treatment, or no intervention (controls). The degree of ischemia was monitored for 4 weeks using a visual scale. Muscle atrophy and strength were assessed at 4 weeks postoperatively; the mice were then killed. In treated animals, total necrosis of the limb was not found, the weight of the gastrocnemius and quadriceps muscles was significantly higher, functional ability and tissue regeneration were significantly increased, and muscle impairment and adipocyte presence were significantly reduced compared with untreated animals. At inducing angiogenesis, the BMMCs alone was more effective than BMMCs combined with plasmid vector encoding GM-CSF. Treated animals showed increased angiogenesis compared with ischemic untreated ones.
Small stories, positioning, and the discursive construction of leader identity in business meetings
Authors: Clifton Jonathan
Published: January 2014

Stories are considered to be an essential part of organisational life and thus of leadership. However, to date research into stories and leadership has concentrated on big stories and life narratives and has tended to overlook the identity work that small stories perform as part of everyday workplace interaction. Working from the premise that leaders are managers of meaning, and using transcripts of naturally-occurring stories that were video-taped during a business meeting, this paper uses positioning theory as a research methodology to explain how leadership and leader identities are achieved through narrative both at a discourse (little-d) and Discourse (big-D) levels. Findings indicate that certain participants at the meeting are able to use discursive resources to manage the meaning of the organisation in both the story world and the real world and so do leadership and talk into being a leader identity.
Morphology of the proximal and middle phalanx of fingers with regard to the Ascension PyroCarbon PIP total joint
Authors: Ries C. , Zhang W. , Burkhart K. J. , Neiss W. F. , Müller L. P. , Hohendorff B.
Published: January 2014

The Ascension PyroCarbon prosthesis has been used in proximal interphalangeal joint osteoarthritis. The dimensions of the intramedullary distal metadiaphyseal canal (isthmus) of the proximal phalanx and the base of the middle phalanx of cadaver fingers were investigated radiographically ( n = 304) and macroscopically ( n = 152). In up to 30% of the phalanges, the isthmus was smaller than the stem of the smallest proximal component size. The distal component head was always smaller than the middle phalanx base. Insertion and success of the Ascension PyroCarbon prosthesis is strongly dependent on bone morphology. A critical examination of the isthmus in radiographs is recommended in planning. If the isthmus is clearly smaller than the smallest proximal component, insertion of the prosthesis could be inadvisable. A clear mismatch between the distal component and the middle phalanx base should be avoided due to the potential risk for late subsidence and failure of the prosthesis.
Comparative clinical study of locking screws versus smooth locking pegs in volar plating of distal radius fractures
Authors: Boretto J. G. , Pacher N. , Giunta D. , Gallucci G. L. , Alfie V. , De Carli P.
Published: January 2014

The present study was performed to test the null hypothesis on no difference in stability of fixation after volar plating of intra-articular distal radius fractures (AO C2-C3) with either locking smooth pegs or locking screws in a clinical setting. A retrospective evaluation included adult patients with C2-C3 AO fractures treated with a volar plate with locking smooth pegs or locking screws. Radiographic assessment was performed to evaluate extra- and intra-articular parameters in the early postoperative period and after bone union. Twenty-seven consecutive patients were included. Thirteen cases had fixation with locking screws and 14 had fixation with locking smooth pegs. Both groups had bone fragment displacement after fixation. However, there were no significant differences between the groups either in extra- or intra-articular parameters defined by Kreder et al. (1996). Our study shows that, in a clinical setting, there is no difference in stability fixation between locking screws or smooth locking pegs in C2-C3 distal radius fractures.
Infracardiac Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return
Authors: Bhatia Anmol , Sodhi Kushaljit S. , Saxena Akshay K. , Singhal Manphool , Khandelwal Niranjan
Published: January 2014

We present an unusual cause of aneurysmal dilatation of portal vein in a neonate in a case of infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous return. The common descending pulmonary vein was seen joining below the diaphragm with the left branch of portal vein, which was terminating as a blind-ending, aneurysmally dilated vascular channel.
Natural History of Newborn With Borderline Small Left Heart Without Interatrial Communication
Authors: Zahorec Martin , Kantorova Andrea , Holan Michal , Skrak Peter , Kovacikova Lubica
Published: January 2014

A patient with a borderline small left heart requires difficult clinical decision making during prenatal and neonatal periods. This report describes the unusual natural history of a newborn with prenatally diagnosed hypoplastic left heart structures and early spontaneous postnatal closure of the interatrial communication. Initial deterioration from pulmonary edema and low-cardiac output improved with postnatal intensive care. During the seventh week of life, aortic coarctation was diagnosed and the infant underwent uneventful surgical repair. Despite transient clinical deterioration, early spontaneous closure of the interatrial communication in a newborn with borderline small left heart could be associated with gradual hemodynamic adaptation to postnatal biventricular circulation.
Management of Tetralogy of Fallot With Unilateral Absence of Pulmonary Artery
Authors: Babu Balram , Caldarone Christopher A.
Published: January 2014

Tetralogy of Fallot with unilateral absence of pulmonary artery (PA) is a rare congenital anomaly that has been reported in isolated case reports and small case series. There is no well-defined treatment algorithm for these patients, and repair has been associated with high mortality, although survival is improving in the more recent era. Recent reports suggest strict case selection criteria based on PA dimensions and size of the left ventricle.
Weekly Exenatide Therapy
Authors: Micale Sara J. , Khatounabadi Shahabodin , Kane Michael P. , Busch Robert S. , Bakst Gary , Abelseth Jill M. , Hamilton Robert A.
Published: January 2014

Background: Traditional diabetes therapies have been associated with weight gain, hypoglycemia, and/or high secondary failure rates. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog use is associated with a minimal risk of hypoglycemia, a persistent average weight loss of 2 to 3 kg, and sustained efficacy even after 3 years of use. Presently, 3 GLP-1 analogs are commercially available in the United States. Objective: To evaluate the real-world clinical utility of once weekly exenatide in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients who previously received once or twice daily GLP-1 therapy. Methods: In this pre–post observational study, electronic medical records (EMRs) were reviewed to identify patients meeting all study criteria. Data collected included baseline patient demographic information, duration of diabetes, disease states, medications, pertinent laboratory data, blood pressure, height, weight, and reported adverse drug events. Primary (changes in A1C and percentage of patients reporting adverse effects of therapy) and secondary (percentage of patients with A1C of <7% and changes in weight, blood pressure, and lipids) outcomes were evaluated using appropriate statistical analysis. Results: EMRs of 78 patients met all study criteria. Baseline patient demographic information included an average age of 61 ± 12 years, an average duration of T2DM of 14 ± 6 years, 59% of patients were male, and 93.6% were Caucasian. The baseline average body mass index was 39 ± 9.2, and mean A1C was 7.47 ± 1.45%. After a minimum of 3 months (average = 5.6 months) switchover, there were significant decreases in A1C (−0.35%; P = .0067) and weight (−1.6 kg; P = .0151). There were no significant changes in blood pressure or lipid levels. Two patients (2.5%) discontinued once weekly exenatide due to adverse reactions. Conclusion: Once weekly exenatide was generally well tolerated and significantly reduced A1C levels and body weight in patients with T2DM when switched from a shorter-acting GLP-1 analog.
On the closing of the churches and the rebaptism of Latins: Greek perfidy or Latin slander?
Authors: Kolbaba Tia
Published: January 2014

Following the testimony of various western medieval authors, historians sometimes assert that Byzantines closed the Latin churches of Constantinople on at least two occasions and rebaptised Latin Christians who married Greek ones from c.1054 on. Both the polemical context of these accusations, however, and statements in contemporary Greek sources call these assertions into question. Latin churches were probably not closed by the Greek patriarch in 1054 or 1089, and rebaptism of Latin Christians was not the policy of the Constantinopolitan church at any point in the Middle Ages.
The Cut and Construction of Women's Dresses c. 1860-1890
Authors: Arnold Janet
Published: January 2014

The period under study at the costume course is a most interesting one from the point of view of cut and construction of women's clothes. From 1860 onwards the whole conception of cutting changes. Perhaps this is due, in part at any rate, to the invention of the sewing machine by Mr. Elias Howe in 1846. Much of the drudgery was taken out of the actual construction of dresses by 1865, when the sewing machine was widely adopted. It enabled masses of trimmings to be applied to dresses cheaply and the extra work entailed in joining the gored skirts was quickly done.
The Symington Collection of Period Corsetry
Authors: Page Chris
Published: January 2014

The Symington collection of period corsetry dates from 1856. I have provisionally dated more than two hundred different styles but obviously I can only deal with a brief selection which nevertheless I hope you will find interesting. Each of the styles marks some period of fashion change and when one considers that the history of corsetry goes back four thousand years it is easy to visualise the many changes which have taken place over this long period.
Machine Lace in Costume 1860-1890
Authors: Halls Zillah
Published: January 2014

By 1860 lace, which was used as trimming for costume in considerable quantities, was usually made by machine. All the types of machine-made lace whose pedigree could ultimately be traced back to hand-made lace of the "pillow" or "bobbin" type, that is, with a plaited, not a knotted or looped texture, had been invented and were being profitably manufactured by the middle of the nineteenth century. The type of lace that was available was one determining factor in the character of what was used; the chunky "chemical" lace that was to be so fashionable by the 1890s only starts to appear in the 1880s, and then not very frequently, so that chunky imitations of needle-made lace and crochet hardly feature at all in fashionable costume 1860-90.
The Beginning of the Collection
Authors: Langley Moore Doris
Published: January 2014

When the Museum of Costume in the Assembly Rooms at Bath was first opened to the public in 1955, the majority of the specimens on view had been acquired by the author over a long course of years as a private collector, and gifts made up only a comparatively small proportion of the display. Now the reverse is the case: the exhibition is enriched by the generosity of a very large number of donors. Nevertheless, until the Museum found a permanent home, the amassing of the collection, whether by purchase or gift, was the perpetually recurring adventure of one person.
Cunnington's Interpretation of Dress
Authors: Tozer Jane
Published: January 2014

The theme of the 1984 Costume Society Symposium was The Meaning of Dress, and I was asked to give a lecture with the working title Interpreting Dress: Cunnington and After. Cunnington's output is so prodigious, and parts are so little discussed, that there was no time to cover later writers in any depth, and I concentrated on three aspects of Cunnington's work: the methods and philosophy behind the collection, his methods of recording that collection, and finally some parts of his theoretical writings which, though dated, still exert a pervasive influence on costume studies. This article is revised and expanded from that lecture.

C. W. and P. Cunnington were fortunate in their collaborators, Alan and Valerie Mansfield, Catherine Lucas, and the illustrators Barbara Phillipson and Mary Gardiner, and their contribution to the standard works should be acknowledged. In discussing work on the psychology of dress, I have concentrated almost entirely on C. Willett Cunnington, to the exclusion of his wife Phillis. The building of the collection and the historical research were a harmonious and fruitful collaboration, but the theories appear to have originated in C. W. Cunnington alone. The major historical works, the twin volumes on English Women's Clothing, the Dictionary and the Handbooks are a great, enduring achievement, to which we are all indebted, and they play little part in my critique of the theoretical writings. Neither have I touched on the pioneering work on men's tailoring, which post-dates the sale of the collection to Platt H all, and the formulation of his psycho-sexual theories.
Western Modes and Asian Clothes: Reflections on Borrowing Other People's Dress
Authors: Wilson Verity
Published: January 2014

Keynote address presented at the Costume Society Symposium Oxford, July, 2001
La Chronologie Des Haches Polies Dites De Prestige Dans La Moitié Ouest De La France
Authors: Cassen Serge , Pétrequin Pierre
Published: January 2014

Dans le cadre de programmes de recherches portant, d'une part, sur le processus d'apparition du Néolithique dans l'Quest de la France, et, d'autre part, sur les échanges de lames polies alpines, une réflexion particulière s'attache actuellement aux biens de prestige qui semblent accompagner l'accroissement des échanges économiques et sans doute matrimoniaux entre sociétés d'agriculteurs et sociétés sédentaires ‘Mésolithiques’ des régions cotières de l'Armorique. Les lames de haches polies non fonctionnelles, concernées par cette étude, sont un des éléments participant de cette nouvelle compétition sociale située dans la première moltié du Vème millénaire av. J.-C.
Archaeology, science-based archaeology and the Mediterranean Bronze Age metals trade: a contribution to the debate
Authors: Gale Noel
Published: January 2014

The current consensus is outlined about the application of lead isotope analyses to metal provenance studies and to the unravelling of the Mediterranean Bronze Age copper trade, with special reference to copper oxhide ingots. Various misconceptions, especially some of those contained in Knapp (1999, 2000), are corrected. It is shown that there is no need to fall back on hypotheses based upon the Mediterranean-wide mixing/recycling of copper metals to explain the lead isotope characteristics of post-1250 BC copper oxhide ingots, since there is a good isotopic coincidence between these ingots and the Apliki region ore deposits in Cyprus. Weaknesses are exposed in the hypotheses of direct or indirect pooling of Cypriot ores, and of the proposed widespread recycling of metals in a Mediterranean-widekoine, particularly since there is no evidence for a homogeneity of lead isotope composition in artefacts and no tin in the oxhide ingots.
A pattern of islands: The Neolithic monuments of north-west Brittany
Authors: Scarre Chris
Published: January 2014

Coastal distributions such as that of the Neolithic chambered tombs of Brittany raise important questions about prehistoric beliefs and understandings relating to sea and shoreline. Concepts of liminality come particularly to the fore where headlands and islands are selected as places for the disposal of human remains. The density of chambered tombs recorded by Du Châtellier on the islands of the Molène archipelago, with its rocks, inlets and small islands exposed and covered by the tides, provides a prominent example of this coastal emphasis. The analysis presented here includes assessment of the reliability of the Du Châtellier inventory and of the topographic changes resulting from sea-level rise. It is argued that the dramatic transformative effect of the tides on the shallow waters of this archipelago will have enhanced the liminality of the setting and may have endowed the islands with special mythological or symbolic associations that may explain the density of the monuments. Ethnographic accounts of coastal beliefs from North America and northern Europe provide additional indications of the likely symbolic importance of such shoreline settings for Breton Neolithic communities.
Forms of social inequality in the Castro Culture of north-west Iberia
Authors: Sastre Inés
Published: January 2014

A new theoretical model is proposed for the definition of social structure and processes of change of the Castro Culture societies. It is based on current anthropological approaches to ‘agrarian segmentary societies’ and implies the revision of the aristocratic models that now dominate research on the European Iron Age.
Structure and Properties of Electrodeposited Metals
Authors: Walker R.
Published: January 2014

The fundamental purpose of electrodeposition is to change the characteristics of a surface and So obtain improved properties. One of the first recarded instances of its lise is that by Henry Bessemer (the pioneer steel manufacturer) whO,in 1831, copper-plated castipgs of insects, frogs, and plants by placing them on a zinc tray immersed in a solution of copper sulphate; the other main copper plating bath based on cyanide was operated by J. Wright, a Birmingham surgeDn, in 1840. Since this early work, the subje,ct has grown vastly in importance and electrodepositiDn is now the most widely used technique for applying metallic ooatings.* Present commercial processes range from large automated plant for the continuous high-speed coating of wire and stdp to the plating of micraswitches for electronic equipment.
Metal Joining with Adhesives
Authors: Cotter J. L. , Hockney M. G. D.
Published: January 2014

Although adhesives have been used widely throughout most of recorded history, it is only during the last 25 years that they have become important as a means of metal-to-metal bonding, mainly in aircraft and, more recently, in guided weapon and space applications. An adhesive is a substance capable of holding materials together by surface attachment, 1 and the term ‘structural adhesive’ applies to those formulations that are capable of being used in load-hearing applications; it also implies that such adhesives are capable of with standing,the environment in which they are called upon to perform.