bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Osteoarthritis Disease Prediction Based on Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Sathya V. , Parthiban Shalini , Megavarshini M. , Shenbagaraman V. , Ramya R.
Published: April 2024

The most typical type of arthritis is osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease affecting millions of people worldwide. It usually affects the hands, hips, and knees. People with osteoarthritis struggle to perform simple tasks such as walking, standing, or climbing stairs. In osteoarthritis, a joint's cartilage starts to degrade, and the underlying bone starts to alter. One of the main causes of disability and a prevalent disease of the elderly population is osteoarthritis. Moreover, because of the persistent pain and impairment brought on by the condition, osteoarthritis can also result in psychological distress, such as sorrow and anxiety. The advanced deep learning-based convolutional neural network and several machine learning-based techniques are applied in comparison. Using the random forest method, this chapter divides osteoarthritis disease into four categories of severity: Grade-0, Grade-1, Grade-2, Grade-3, Grade-4. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed model outperformed with a 99% accuracy score for predicting osteoarthritis.
Counterfeit Drug Detection in the Pharmaceutical Industry Using Blockchain
Authors: Tiwari Avdhesh Kumar , Kumar Ashish , Agarwal Vanshika , Rajput Shivam , Singh Shubham
Published: April 2024

Counterfeit drugs pose a significant threat to public health and patient safety, with the World Health Organization estimating that 10% of the global pharmaceutical market consists of fake medications. This study proposes a novel solution to combat counterfeit pharmaceuticals by leveraging blockchain technology. By establishing a secure and transparent health data network, the proposed approach aims to detect and prevent the distribution and consumption of counterfeit medicines effectively. Through the implementation of blockchain technology, a robust and trustworthy pharmaceutical supply chain can be created, enabling the tracking of drugs from manufacturing to patient consumption. This not only facilitates the immediate identification of counterfeit drugs but also impedes their further distribution. By integrating blockchain technology into the drug supply chain, stakeholders can verify the authenticity of pharmaceutical products and ensure patient safety. Moreover, the use of blockchain enhances transparency and accountability by integrating disparate databases and stakeholders.
Unraveling the Power of AI in Medical Imaging
Authors: Shobarani R. , Sarala Devi V. , Usha D. , Bharathi M. J. , Pratheepa S. , Surya Prakhash K.
Published: April 2024

Medical imaging has emerged as a cornerstone of modern healthcare, enabling non-invasive visualization of the human body's internal structures and functions. This chapter explores the integral role that image processing plays in advancing the field of medical imaging. Beginning with an overview of medical imaging modalities and the fundamentals of image processing, the authors delve into the intricacies of image acquisition, preprocessing, and enhancement. Image registration, segmentation, and feature extraction are discussed in the context of their profound impact on disease localization and treatment planning. They scrutinize the development and significance of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems, the paradigm shift brought by 3D and 4D imaging, and the integration of machine learning and deep learning algorithms in medical image analysis. They also address the challenges and limitations, along with ethical and regulatory considerations. The exploration of this evolving landscape is a testament to the remarkable strides made in healthcare, with image processing at the heart of these advances.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE HAMBURGUERES COM BAIXOS TEORES DE GORDURA COM SUBPRODUTOS DE COGUMELO (Agaricus bisporus) E SOJA (Glycine max)
Authors: Valério Taynara Pacheco , Carneiro Ana Caroline , Vale Paola Slobodzian do , Voorsluys Amanda , Bolanho Beatriz Cervejeira , Los Paulo Ricardo , Marinho Marina Tolentino , Sydney Eduardo Bittencourt , Danesi Eliane Dalva Godoy
Published: April 2024

Produtos cárneos, na sua maioria, estão associados a uma imagem negativa por seus teores elevados de sódio, gorduras e aditivos sintéticos, apresentando alta densidade energética. Apesar da produção significativa de cogumelos Agaricus bisporus (Champignon Paris) parte é subvalorizada, havendo dificuldades na comercialização por não atender atributos de aparência para consumo fresco. Da mesma forma, na produção de extratos hidrossolúveis de soja obtém-se um subproduto que pode ser processado na forma de uma farinha denominada okara e o aproveitamento desses materiais deve ser estimulado. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da substituição parcial da carne bovina por farinhas de cogumelos e okara em formulações de hambúrgueres. Foram realizadas análises físico-químicas, sensoriais e tecnológicas de cinco formulações, sendo quatro delas substituindo parte da carne pelas farinhas e uma só de carne. Verificou-se aumento no rendimento, diminuição do encolhimento e textura mais macia com a incorporação das farinhas, por proporcionarem maior capacidade de retenção de água nos hambúrgueres. No entanto, a formulação exclusivamente de carne teve maiores teores de proteínas e lipídios.  Não houve oxidação do produto durante 30 dias congelados. A aceitação sensorial foi maior que 70%, não apresentando diferença significativa da formulação composta de 100% carne bovina.
Estudo da Dosagem de Argamassa camada única de Solo com Adição de Fibra de Poliéster
Authors: Montor de Freitas Luiz Augusto , Arissa Fujita Natalia , Honorato Lopes da Silva Sarah
Published: April 2024

A construção civil é responsável por grande parte do impacto ambiental no planeta, consequentemente, pesquisas em sustentabilidade são assuntos em ascensão. Assim, o presente trabalho objetivou promover o desenvolvimento de formulações preliminares de argamassa de solo com adições de fibras têxteis de poliéster, analisando seu potencial em substituir a argamassa de revestimento cimentícia utilizada em ambientes internos. Avaliou-se principalmente propriedades como a consistência e a fissuração formuladas com dois solos distintos, um com predominância de partículas argilosas e outro arenosas, foram feitas misturas de solo com variações nos teores de umidade e percentagens de adição de fibras de poliéster para conter a fissuração. A partir dos resultados obtidos observou-se que existe um intervalo ótimo de umidade, e que a inserção de fibras pôde reduzir o índice de fissuração. As argamassas com solo arenoso apresentaram menores índices de fissuração, porém ainda são necessários outros ensaios para avaliar outras características importantes na avaliação de uma argamassa de revestimento.
Bhlhe40 Promotes CD4+ T Helper 1 Cell and Suppresses T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation during Viral Infection
Authors: Nguyen Christine , Kudek Matthew , Zander Ryan , Niu Hongshen , Shen Jian , Bauer Ashley , Alson Donia , Khatun Achia , Chen Yao , Sun Jie , Drobyski William , Edelson Brian T , Cui Weiguo
Published: April 2024

In response to acute infection, naive CD4+ T cells primarily differentiate into T helper 1 (Th1) or T follicular helper (Tfh) cells that play critical roles in orchestrating cellular or humoral arms of immunity, respectively. However, despite the well established role of T-bet and BCL-6 in driving Th1 and Tfh cell lineage commitment, respectively, whether additional transcriptional circuits also underlie the fate bifurcation of Th1 and Tfh cell subsets is not fully understood. In this article, we study how the transcriptional regulator Bhlhe40 dictates the Th1/Tfh differentiation axis in mice. CD4+ T cell–specific deletion of Bhlhe40 abrogates Th1 but augments Tfh differentiation. We also assessed an increase in germinal center B cells and Ab production, suggesting that deletion of Bhlhe40 in CD4+ T cells not only alters Tfh differentiation but also their capacity to provide help to B cells. To identify molecular mechanisms by which Bhlhe40 regulates Th1 versus Tfh lineage choice, we first performed epigenetic profiling in the virus specific Th1 and Tfh cells following LCMV infection, which revealed distinct promoter and enhancer activities between the two helper cell lineages. Furthermore, we identified that Bhlhe40 directly binds to cis-regulatory elements of Th1-related genes such as Tbx21 and Cxcr6 to activate their expression while simultaneously binding to regions of Tfh-related genes such as Bcl6 and Cxcr5 to repress their expression. Collectively, our data suggest that Bhlhe40 functions as a transcription activator to promote Th1 cell differentiation and a transcription repressor to suppress Tfh cell differentiation.
Iron Is Critical for Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cell Metabolism and Effector Functions
Authors: Ryan Eimear K , Clutter Christy , De Barra Conor , Jenkins Benjamin J , O’Shaughnessy Simon , Ryan Odhrán K , McKenna Chloe , Heneghan Helen M , Walsh Fiona , Finlay David K , Sinclair Linda V , Jones Nicholas , Leung Daniel T , O’Shea Donal , Hogan Andrew E
Published: April 2024

Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells are a population of innate T cells that play a critical role in host protection against bacterial and viral pathogens. Upon activation, MAIT cells can rapidly respond via both TCR-dependent and -independent mechanisms, resulting in robust cytokine production. The metabolic and nutritional requirements for optimal MAIT cell effector responses are still emerging. Iron is an important micronutrient and is essential for cellular fitness, in particular cellular metabolism. Iron is also critical for many pathogenic microbes, including those that activate MAIT cells. However, iron has not been investigated with respect to MAIT cell metabolic or functional responses. In this study, we show that human MAIT cells require exogenous iron, transported via CD71 for optimal metabolic activity in MAIT cells, including their production of ATP. We demonstrate that restricting iron availability by either chelating environmental iron or blocking CD71 on MAIT cells results in impaired cytokine production and proliferation. These data collectively highlight the importance of a CD71-iron axis for human MAIT cell metabolism and functionality, an axis that may have implications in conditions where iron availability is limited.
Regulation of Tumor Dendritic Cells by Programmed Cell Death 1 Pathways
Authors: Knutson Keith L
Published: April 2024

The advent of immune checkpoint blockade therapy has revolutionized cancer treatments and is partly responsible for the significant decline in cancer-related mortality observed during the last decade. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti–programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), have demonstrated remarkable clinical successes in a subset of cancer patients. However, a considerable proportion of patients remain refractory to immune checkpoint blockade, prompting the exploration of mechanisms of treatment resistance. Whereas much emphasis has been placed on the role of PD-L1 and PD-1 in regulating the activity of tumor-infiltrating T cells, recent studies have now shown that this immunoregulatory axis also directly regulates myeloid cell activity in the tumor microenvironment including tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells. In this review, I discuss the most recent advances in the understanding of how PD-1, PD-L1, and programmed cell death ligand 2 regulate the function of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells, emphasizing the need for further mechanistic studies that could facilitate the development of novel combination immunotherapies for improved cancer patient benefit.
Multi-temporal Scale Wind Power Forecasting Based on Lasso-CNN-LSTM-LightGBM
Authors: Gao Qingzhong
Published: April 2024

Due to the increasingly severe climate problems, wind energy has received widespread attention as the most abundant energy on Earth. However, due to the uncertainty of wind energy, a large amount of wind energy is wasted, so accurate wind power prediction can greatly improve the utilization of wind energy. To increase the forecast for wind energy accuracy across a range of time scales, this paper presents a multi-time scale wind power prediction by constructing an ICEEMDAN-CNN-LSTM-LightGBM model. Initially, feature selection is performed using Lasso regression to identify the most significant variables affecting the forecast for wind energy across distinct time intervals. Subsequently, the ICEEMDAN is utilized to break down the wind power data into various scales to capture its nonlinear and non-stationary characteristics. Following this, a deep learning model based on CNN and LSTM networks is developed, with the CNN responsible for extracting spatial features from the time series data, and the LSTM designed to capture the temporal relationships. Finally, the outputs of the deep learning model are fed into the LightGBM model to leverage its superior learning capabilities for the ultimate prediction of wind power. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the proposed ICEEMDAN-CNN-LSTM-LightGBM model achieves higher accuracy in multi-time scale wind power prediction, providing more reliable decision assistance with the management and operation of wind farms.
Сходимость ряда Фурье по полиномам Мейкснера-Соболева и аппроксимативные свойства его частичных сумм
Authors: Gadzhimirzaev Ramis Makhmudovich
Published: April 2024

В работе исследована задача о сходимости ряда Фурье по системе полиномов $\{m_{n,N}^{\alpha,r}(x)\}$, ортонормированной по Соболеву и порожденной системой модифицированных полиномов Мейкснера. В частности, показано, что ряд Фурье по этой системе сходится к $f\in W^r_{l^p_{\rho_N}(\Omega_\delta)}$ поточечно на сетке $\Omega_\delta$ при $p\geqslant 2$. Кроме того, исследованы аппроксимативные свойства частичных сумм ряда Фурье по системе $\{m_{n,N}^{0,r}(x)\}$.
Библиография: 15 названий.
Обобщенное кратное мультипликативное преобразование Фурье и оценки интегральных модулей непрерывности
Authors: Volosivets Sergei Sergeevich
Published: April 2024

В статье приводятся свойства обобщенных кратных мультипликативных преобразований Фурье. Также даны оценки сверху и снизу интегральных модулей непрерывности в терминах упомянутых преобразований Фурье, причем оценка в $L^2$ неулучшаема. В качестве следствия получен аналог
теоремы эквивалентности Титчмарша для мультипликативного преобразования Фурье.
Библиография: 10 названий.
Функция роста $n$-значной динамики
Authors: Chirkov Mikhail Anatolyevich
Published: April 2024

Эта статья отвечает на вопрос В. М. Бухштабера про функцию роста в случае конкретной $n$-значной группы. Это вопрос тесно связан с дискретными интегрируемыми системами. В этой работе мы найдем формулу для функции роста в случае, когда $n$ простое. Кроме того, мы докажем полиномиальную асимптотическую оценку функции роста в общем случае. Наконец, мы поставим новые задачи и гипотезы о функциях роста. Библиография: 12 названий.
Исследование полных свойств колеблемости, вращаемости и блуждаемости дифференциальной системы по первому приближению
Authors: Sergeev Igor Nikolaevich
Published: April 2024

Введены понятия полной колеблемости, вращаемости, блуждаемости и полной неколеблемости, невращаемости, неблуждаемости системы дифференциальных уравнений (по отношению к ее нулевому решению). Установлена однозначная связь этих свойств с соответствующими показателями системы. Приведены признаки гарантированной возможности их исследования по системе первого приближения, а также примеры, когда такой возможности нет.
Библиография: 25 названий.
Evidence-Based Practices for Interviewing Graduate Medical Education Applicants: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lin John C. , Hu Daniel J. , Scott Ingrid U. , Greenberg Paul B.
Published: April 2024

Background Although the selection interview is a standard admission practice for graduate medical education (GME) programs in the United States, there is a dearth of recent reviews on optimizing the trainee interview process, which has low reliability, high cost, and major risk of bias.

Objective To investigate the evidence base for different selection interview practices in GME.

Methods We searched 4 literature databases from inception through September 2022. Two investigators independently conducted title/abstract screening, full-text review, data extraction, and quality assessment. Disagreements were mediated by discussion. We used backward reference searching of included articles to identify additional studies. We included studies of different interview methods and excluded literature reviews, non-GME related publications, and studies comparing different applicant populations. We examined study characteristics, applicant and interviewer preferences, and interview format. We evaluated study quality using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI).

Results Of 2192 studies, 39 (2%) met our inclusion criteria. The evidence base was rated as moderately low quality using MERSQI criteria. Applicants reported preferences for several one-on-one interviews lasting 15 to 20 minutes, interviews by current trainees, and interviews including social events with only trainees. Applicants had mixed perceptions of virtual versus in-person interviews and reported that virtual interviews saved costs. The multiple mini interview (MMI) required more applicant and interviewer time than individual interviews but demonstrated construct and predictive validity and was preferred by applicants and interviewers.

Conclusions Based on moderately low-quality evidence, using the MMI, training interviewers, and providing applicants with basic program information in advance should be considered for GME selection interviews.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Situational Judgment Testing Among Applicants to an Anesthesiology Residency Program
Authors: Rosales Victoria , Conley Christopher , Norris Mark C.
Published: April 2024

Background The Computer-Based Assessment for Sampling Personal Characteristics (CASPer) is a situational judgment test (SJT) that assesses noncognitive skills like professionalism, communication, and empathy. There are no reports of the effects of race/ethnicity and sex on CASPer scores among residency applicants.

Objective We examined the effects of race/ethnicity, sex, and United States vs international medical school attendance on CASPer performance.

Methods Our anesthesiology residency program required all applicants for the 2021-2022 Match cycle to complete an online video and text-based SJT (CASPer). We compared these results, reported as z-scores, with self-identified race/ethnicity, sex, United States vs international medical school attendance, and United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 scores.

Results Of the 1245 applicants who completed CASPer, 783 identified as male. The racial/ethnic distribution was 512 White, 412 Asian, 106 Black, 126 Hispanic, and 89 Other/No Answer. CASPer z-scores did not differ by sex. White candidates scored higher than Black (0.18 vs -0.57, P<.001) and Hispanic (0.18 vs -0.52, P<.001) candidates. Applicants attending US medical schools scored higher than those attending international medical schools (z-scores: 0.15 vs -0.68, P<.001). There was no correlation between CASPer z-scores and USMLE Step 1 scores.

Conclusions Our results suggest that CASPer scores favor White applicants over Black and Hispanic ones and applicants attending US medical schools over those attending international medical schools.
Motivations for Entrustable Professional Activity Assessment: Gaps Between Curriculum Theory and Resident Reality
Authors: Dhami Neil , Hamza Deena M. , Daniels Vijay J.
Published: April 2024

Background Previous research demonstrates mixed reactions from residents toward competency-based medical education (CBME), and entrustable professional activities (EPAs) specifically. However, understanding what motivates residents to obtain EPAs may be vital to the longevity of CBME, given the emphasis on assessment for learning under this paradigm.

Objective This study explored resident perspectives across 3 domains: motivation for obtaining EPAs, perceived importance of EPAs, and overall thoughts on CBME curriculum.

Methods This was a sequential exploratory mixed-methods study involving 2 phases of data collection. Phase 1 was semi-structured interviews with residents enrolled in CBME at one Canadian institution from November 2019 to July 2020. Analyses included thematic and manifest content analysis. Phase 2 was an electronic close-ended survey to capture residents’ primary motivation for requesting EPAs and importance of EPAs for learning. Survey data were analyzed descriptively.

Results Of 120 eligible residents, 25 (21%) and 107 (89%) participated in the interview and survey, respectively. Program requirement was the dominant motivation for obtaining EPAs. There was variability in perceived importance of EPAs on learning. Increased resident workload, gaming the system to maximize EPA scores, and lack of shared ownership from preceptors were cited as critiques of the curriculum. Survey responses corroborated interview findings.

Conclusions Although many residents recognize the value of EPAs, the majority are not intrinsically motivated to seek out assessment under the current CBME framework.
A Qualitative Study of Internal Medicine Subspecialty Fellowship Program Directors’ Perspectives on Short-Term Hospitalist Employment Prior to Fellowship
Authors: Crecelius Teela , Linker Anne S. , Gottenborg Emily , Kwan Brian , Keniston Angela , McBeth Lauren , Martin Shannon K.
Published: April 2024

Background Some internal medicine (IM) residents pursuing subspecialty training choose short-term hospitalist employment prior to fellowship, or “pre-fellowship hospitalist years.” Residency and fellowship program directors (PDs) advise residents on this decision, but PD experience with fellows pursuing pre-fellowship hospitalist years and the impact on fellowship applications is unknown.

Objective We aimed to explore perceptions of fellowship PDs regarding experience with fellows who pursued pre-fellowship hospitalist years, including perceived effects on how such years affect fellowship application candidacy.

Methods A purposive sample of 20 fellowship PDs in the most highly competitive and commonly selected IM fellowships (cardiology, pulmonology/critical care medicine, hematology/oncology, gastroenterology) from 5 academic institutions were approached for participation in fall 2021. Interviews included semi-structured questions about pre-fellowship hospitalist employment. Utilizing rapid qualitative analysis, interview transcripts were summarized and reviewed to identify themes and subthemes describing fellowship PDs’ perspectives of pre-fellowship hospitalist years.

Results Sixteen fellowship PDs (80%) participated. PDs identified 4 major themes as important for trainees considering pre-fellowship hospitalist years: (1) Explain the “Why”—why the year was pursued; (2) Characteristics of the Hospitalist Position—what type of employment; (3) The Challenges—potential concerns faced with pre-fellowship hospitalist years; and (4) Describe the “What”—the experience’s contribution to resident professional development.

Conclusions Fellowship PDs in 4 competitive IM subspecialities placed a strong emphasis on explaining a clear, logical reason for seeking short-term hospitalist employment prior to fellowship, describing how it fits into the overall career trajectory, and selecting activities that demonstrate continued commitment to the subspecialty.
Preparation of a novel magnetic composite based on rice straw derived biochar and chromium ferrite for enhanced absorption of organic dye
Authors: Meng Yuan , Chen Dan , Li Yang , Sheng Wenyu , Liu Yu , Yang Haozhong , Qian Guangren
Published: April 2024

The modification of biochar (BC) with metal/metal oxides is expected to improve its adsorption capacity to pollutants, especially anions dyes. A green chromium ferrite-biochar composites (CF-BC) was synthesized to enhance the adsorption efficiency of Congo red (CR) via a simple co-precipitation method. The samples were characterized by different characterization techniques: XRD, FT-IR, SEM, XPS, etc, which showed that chromium ferrite was successfully loaded on the surface of biochar. The influencing factors of adsorption and recycling properties were discussed, and the adsorption mechanisms such as kinetics, isotherm, thermodynamics were explored. The results show that CF-BC2 achieves a removal rate of 92.29% for CR and maintains a removal rate of 90% even after three cycles. The addition of ferrite not only promoted the adsorption effect, but also increased the magnetic property, making the adsorbents easy to recycle. The equilibrium and kinetic studies suggested that the adsorption process followed Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second order model, respectively. Furthermore, a study into the adsorption mechanism revealed that CF-BC2 primarily achieves CR adsorption through electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, and pore filling.
Triangular arrangements on the projective plane
Authors: Marchesi Simone , Vallès Jean
Published: April 2024

In this work we study line arrangements consisting in lines passing through three non-aligned points. We call them triangular arrangements. We prove that any combinatorics of a triangular arrangement is always realized by a Roots-of-Unity-Arrangement, which is a particular class of triangular arrangements. Among these Roots-of Unity-Arrangements, we provide conditions that ensure their freeness. Finally, we give two triangular arrangements having the same weak combinatorics, such that one is free but the other one is not.

Comment: 20 pages. Published in \'Epijournal de G\'eom\'etrie Alg\'ebrique. Section 4 has been deeply revised due to an incorrect statement pointed out by the referee
Computing the Density of the Positivity Set for Linear Recurrence Sequences
Authors: Kelmendi Edon
Published: April 2024

The set of indices that correspond to the positive entries of a sequence of
numbers is called its positivity set. In this paper, we study the density of
the positivity set of a given linear recurrence sequence, that is the question
of how much more frequent are the positive entries compared to the non-positive
ones. We show that one can compute this density to arbitrary precision, as well
as decide whether it is equal to zero (or one). If the sequence is
diagonalisable, we prove that its positivity set is finite if and only if its
density is zero. Further, arithmetic properties of densities are treated, in
particular we prove that it is decidable whether the density is a rational
number, given that the recurrence sequence has at most one pair of dominant
complex roots. Finally, we generalise all these results to symbolic orbits of
linear dynamical systems, thereby showing that one can decide various
properties of such systems, up to a set of density zero.
The Impact of TeleCritical Care on Length of Stay in a Critical Care Setting
Authors:   , Oberts Mallory
Published: April 2024

Practice Problem: At a major metropolitan VA hospital, there was a lack of adherence by the nursing staff to the TeleCritical Care program for adult patients in the critical care setting. PICOT: The PICOT question guiding this project was: In adult patients admitted to critical care (P), does the implementation of TeleCritical Care (I) compared to standard critical care without telemedicine (C) decrease length of stay (O) within 8 weeks (T)? Evidence: The literature review identified improved quality of care delivery, decreased length of stay, and reduced mortality rates as key benefits of implementing TeleCritical Care in critical care settings. Intervention: The intervention involved providing knowledge and training to support nurses in utilizing TeleCritical Care, a system linking bedside nurses to a remote team for consultation, monitoring, and intervention recommendations. Nurses were trained on initiating TeleCritical Care for all new ICU/PCU admissions and using it for procedures like verifying skin breakdown on admission. The ADKAR change model guided awareness building, fostering desire, providing knowledge/training, and ensuring ability through tools like checklists, and reinforcement. Outcome: The anticipated outcome of decreased length of stay was not statistically significant, although there was a 23% increase in nursing utilization of TeleCritical Care during the 8-week implementation period. Conclusion: While the project did not demonstrate a decrease in length of stay, the increased utilization of TeleCritical Care by nurses indicates progress toward integrating this evidence-based practice into the critical care setting to improve the quality of patient care.
REDUCING ROCKFALL HAZARDS IN SABIHA GOKÇEN – TAVSANTEPE METRO PROJECT CONSTRUCTION BY USING ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY
Authors: Özbakır Okan
Published: April 2024

A realistic goal in efforts to reduce worker injuries related to rockfall incidents is to assess the conditions that create a rockfall hazard. If employers can properly assess the risks of rockfall and implement appropriate technical and administrative controls, they can better mitigate the risks. In order to achieve this goal, the methodology of Root Cause Analysis (RCA) can be considered as a method of risk assessment. An effective risk assessment method should include the ability to observe variable ceiling conditions and assess how much potential they represent for injuring workers. RCA's ability to prioritize the risks associated with changing conditions provides significant benefits to anyone responsible for designing, approving, or installing controls that are reasonably repeatable and stabilize the ceiling or reduce the risk of material falling from the roof. Herein, this study is based on a case analysis of the risks and causes of rock fall incidents in a metro construction project using the RCA methodology. This study explains the use of an RCA methodology that can help improve system-level failures and weaknesses, such as rocks falling from the ceiling of a tunnel. Furthermore, the present report examined the causes that led to the accidents and the predictors/variations were assessed using fishbone approach. Accordingly, inadequate training, lack of experience and the use of inappropriate equipment were identified as the causes of accidents. Careless behavior is also a major source of danger, in addition to failure to follow safety procedures.
Tıbbi Teknolojiye Bağımlı Çocuğu Olan Ebeveynlerin Bakım Yükü ve Psikolojik Dayanıklılıkları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Keklik Sevde , Karakul Atiye , Yıldırım Sarı Hatice
Published: April 2024

Giriş: Tıbbi teknolojiye bağımlı çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin bakım yükü artmakta ve duygusal zorluklar yaşamaktadır.

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, tıbbi teknolojiye bağımlı çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin bakım yükü ile psikolojik dayanıklılıkları arasındaki ilişkinin incelemesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Araştırma, tanımlayıcı tiptedir. Araştırmanın örneklemini 100 ebeveyn oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın verileri Mayıs 2021-Aralık 2022 tarihleri arasında toplanmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Bakım Verme Yükü Ölçeği ve Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan ebeveynlerin bakım verme yükü ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 38.78±12.12 ve yetişkinler için psikolojik dayanıklılık ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 123.23±18.43’tür. Ebeveynlerin öğrenim durumu ve çocuğuna bakım verme süresi ile Bakım Yükü Ölçeği arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (p
Steps to Prepare Bilingual Data for Analysis: A Methodological Approach
Authors: Khilji Gulab , Jogezai Nazir Ahmed
Published: April 2024

This methodological paper offers a five-step model for preparing bilingual data for analysis. The article is guided by research in translating bilingual data into qualitative research. A systematic analysis of the research studies was conducted to identify workable options for preparing bilingual data for analysis. The proposed five-step model is comprised of (1) translator’s worldview and professionalism, (2) epistemological, ontological, and methodological considerations, (3) line of translation, (4) responsiveness to cultural terms and (5) eagerness to trustworthiness and reliability of the data. Researcher’s worldviews encompass the visibility of translator’s positionality for reflexivity, avoidance of biasness, and demonstration of professionalism. The bilingual data needs treatment based on epistemological, ontological, and methodological orientations which the translators need to be mindful of. The researcher must be clear on the line of translation in opting for direct translation, back-translation, single translation, or multiple translations. The translated data must be responsive to the cultural contexts to carry on sense and meaning. Depending on the methodological approaches and contextual requirements, the translation work must meet the needs of trustworthiness and validity. The literature is silent on the translations of non-verbal cues. Therefore, this problem should be dealt with separately in future research endeavors. Similarly, future research on linguistic contexts and translation work in diverse research approaches such as quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods is needed.
The Challenges of Conducting Qualitative Research in Quantitative Culture: Saudi Arabia as a Case Study
Authors: Albeladi Abdulrahman Awdah
Published: April 2024

In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), qualitative research methods are infrequently employed, as researchers in the region are more accustomed to quantitative approaches, with a certain hesitancy to embrace qualitative methodology. This research endeavor focuses on exploring the impediments faced by individuals engaged in qualitative research within the Saudi context. To do so, I conducted semi-structured interviews with eight doctoral students and employed a qualitative case study design for this paper. Utilizing the MAXQDA software, I also applied thematic analysis to the data gathered from the interviews. The primary findings highlight three significant themes: (a) challenges related to organizational aspects, (b) difficulties stemming from social and cultural factors, and (c) obstacles specific to qualitative research practices. This paper, unique in its contribution to the region, addresses a wide range of issues faced by qualitative researchers to support and enhance their research endeavors. While this study holds relevance for researchers, its significance extends notably to policymakers, academics, and higher education institutions in the KSA.
My Journey in Researching Depression among Black People: Experiences of a Researcher in a Sensitive Study
Authors: Kgatla Brightness Lesedi
Published: April 2024

The interest in qualitative research on mental health within Black communities is rapidly growing. However, there are still debates on the conceptualization of depression among the Black community. This paper focuses on the researcher’s experiences as a young Black South African experiencing depression, and their reflections on interpretivist qualitative research focused on the realities of Black South African youth experiencing depression. The paper highlights the importance of reflexivity in a qualitative study and how the topics researched by a Black South African experiencing depression which is still considered a taboo within some parts of the Black community. If a researcher is part of the population, it can be a disadvantage because they hold certain perceptions about this studied phenomenon based on their personal experiences. However, this paper argues that personal experiences and other intersecting social factors are important in research, especially on vulnerable and marginalized groups, to create more critical reflections in qualitative research.
The Effects of Blade Height on the Efficiency of Gravitational Water Vortex Turbine
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Lampung, Province of Lampung, Indonesia, Sinaga Jorfri Boike , Irsyad M. ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Lampung, Province of Lampung, Indonesia, Yonanda Ahmad ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of   Lampung, Province of Lampung, Indonesia, Ibrahim Gusri Akhyar ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of   Lampung, Province of Lampung, Indonesia, Sinaga David ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of   Lampung, Province of Lampung, Indonesia, Topan Tri ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of   Lampung, Province of Lampung, Indonesia
Published: April 2024

This paper presents the results of a study on the effect of blade height on the efficiency of a free-vortex water turbine. Laboratory experimentation was conducted to find the shaft power generation and the efficiency of the turbine. Water turbines with six blades and four different heights (208 mm, 248 mm, 288 mm, and 320 mm) were built and tested to determine the most appropriate blade height. The turbines were tested in a conical basin with inlet and outlet diameters of 600 mm and 100 mm and a height of 800 mm, at volume flow rates of 0.0088 m³/s, 0.0105 m³/s, and 0.0108 m³/s. The results showed that the turbine with a blade height of 288 mm was the most appropriate, yielding the highest efficiency of 30,46% at a water flow rate of 0.0108 m³/s.
Seismic Assessment of Precast Concrete Hospital Structures Integrated with Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Indonesia
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Indonesia, Indonesia, Sjah Jessica , Sulistian Ryan ,   Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Indonesia, Indonesia, Rarasati Ayomi Dita ,   Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Indonesia, Indonesia, Trigunarsyah Bambang ,   School of Property, Construction and Project Management, RMIT University, Australia
Published: April 2024

In earthquake-prone regions, it's crucial for hospitals to be well-prepared to ensure that medical care continues without interruption for the victims. The utilization of precast structural systems in construction, particularly in earthquake-prone areas like Indonesia, offers numerous advantages including enhanced construction efficiency and resilience against seismic loads.
Diverticulite de Cólon Ascendente
Authors: Passos Gabriel Gomes , Lorena Couto Marina , De Castro Júnior Antonio Carlos , Batista Neves Ana Carolina , Parrine Peixoto Judson , Rios Guedes Ticiani , Betim Paes Leme Marcelo , Rezende Sotto-Maior Carolina
Published: April 2024

Paciente do sexo feminino, 51 anos, deu entrada no pronto-socorro com quadro de dor abdominal em andar inferior do abdome com evolução de um dia e febre não aferida. Queixava-se de dor abdominal, sem outros sintomas. Ao exame físico, abdome apresentava abdome globoso, ruídos hidroaéreos presentes, flácido doloroso a palpação superficial e profunda em flanco direito, ausência de massas e/ou visceromegalias, timpânico. Seguiu-se a investigação com exames laboratoriais e de imagem. Foi solicitado a tomografia computadorizada do abdome para elucidar o diagnóstico e avaliar a hipótese de apendicite. A tomografia apresentou no laudo divertículos em cólon direito e borramento de gordura em ângulo hepático. A paciente foi internada para observação clínica, e tratada com antibioticoterapia por três dias, no terceiro dia paciente referiu melhora da dor abdominal e negou outros sintomas evoluindo para alta hospitalar no quarto dia mantendo antibioticoterapia para domicílio por mais 7 dias e acompanhamento ambulatorial.
Onicomadese secundária à doença mão-pé-boca
Authors: Diniz Pinto Bravo FIlho José , Henrique Santos Fialho Pedro , Pereira Silva Cecília
Published: April 2024

Paciente de 3 anos de idade, do sexo masculino, apresentando onicomadese secundária a doença mão-pé-boca, o diagnóstico da doença foi clínico e não foi necessário nenhum tratamento específico para o quadro. A onicomadese causa espanto e preocupação para os pais e cuidadores de crianças que estão sendo afetadas em detrimento da queda repentina das unhas de seus leitos ungueais. Ainda assim, o mecanismo da onicomadese secundária à doença mão-pé-boca ainda é desconhecido. Por isso, é necessário reconhecer a associação entre a síndrome mão-pé-boca e a onicomadese, a fim de evitar tomar condutas erráticas para os pacientes e para tranquilizar os cuidadores da criança.
Diagnóstico, abordagem e desfecho de neoplasia de pequeno intestino
Authors: Machado Martins Higno Rafael , Andrade Pinto de almeida Carolina , Côrtes Sálvio Pinheiro Santana Débora , de Castro Júnior Antônio Carlos , Camargo de Jesus Eliane , Dos Santos Reis Rafael
Published: April 2024

Dentre os tumores do trato gastrointestinal, os de intestino delgado são raros e mais prevalente em homens. Alguns fatores de risco podem ser imunodeficiência, polipose, Crohn, tabagismo e etilismo. As manifestações clínicas podem ser sintomas inespecíficos, dificultando o diagnóstico precoce. Objetivo: Apresentar um caso de tumor de intestino delgado e manejo. Paciente de 60 anos, sexo feminino, branca, casada, apresentando quadro de dor abdominal de forte intensidade e constipação intestinal. Nega comorbidades e uso contínuo de medicamentos. Ao exame apresentava bom estado geral, hidratada, normocorada e eupneica. Foi descartado quadro obstrutivo. A paciente foi submetida à laparotomia exploradora, evidenciando uma tumoração colabando luz da alça ileal. O prognóstico está relacionado ao tumor primário. Sua taxa de sobrevida é cerca de 5 anos. Houve consentimento da paciente para estudo de seu caso, sem explicitar sua identidade, para fins de estudo, com devido TCLE. Aprovado em comitê de ética CAAE 30457714.1.0000.5237.
O uso de videocast no ensino de obstetrícia
Authors: Guimarães Vasconcelos Rosa Ana Beatriz , Brandão da Silva Andreza , Da Silva Martins Botelho Patrícia , Huguenin Tássio
Published: April 2024

O uso das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) se tornou bastante popular nos últimos anos, principalmente após a pandemia do COVID-19, implementados como forma de diversificar e dar continuidade ao ensino. Dessa maneira, formatos como podcast e videocast, que são recursos amplamente usados para o lazer, foram utilizados com o objetivo de ampliar o conhecimento dos mais variados temas, além da facilidade com os quais podem ser acessados. O objetivo desse artigo é descrever o processo de desenvolvimento de materiais didáticos, produzindo vídeocast com temas relevantes para o ensino médico, a fim de melhorar o processo educacional. Foi proposto aos alunos a apresentação de um caso clínico de obstetrícia utilizando alguma ferramenta diferente do padrão de ensino tradicional. Optamos pelo videocast e foi criado um roteiro, realizada a gravação e edição. A apresentação foi em uma aula de obstetrícia do curso de medicina e, posteriormente, um questionário de satisfação foi respondido pelos participantes. A produção de um videocast necessita de etapas importantes para seu sucesso como método de ensino. Utilizar as tecnologias da informação para facilitar o aprendizado foi proveitoso neste caso. Durante a pesquisa concluiu-se que a maioria considera a tecnologia mais interessante que o normal e afirmaram que reutilizariam essa ferramenta. Logo, percebeu-se que o uso desse método facilitou a fixação do conteúdo para 96,6% dos participantes devido à forma leve e descontraída de transmitir as informações. Portanto, após a análise dos dados da discussão, concluímos que há pouco uso de tecnologias modernas nesse processo, embora esse método inovador tenha comprovada eficácia da melhoria do aprendizado. Além disso, observa-se a importância de uma maior divulgação e preparo tanto de discentes e docentes para um adequado proveito dessa ferramenta.
Prevenção da toxoplasmose congênita através da construção de cartilha educativa para promoção da saúde em gestantes
Authors: Carneiro Teixeira Clarice , Pedro Lima João , Oliveira Mascarenhas Kaialla , Mangeon do Amaral El Jurd Mariah , Leonardo Pedrosa Rodrigo , Monteiro Juliana , Ramos Alves Dimitri
Published: April 2024

A toxoplasmose gestacional é uma doença de prevalência nacional, urbana, que independe de idade ou classe social. Trata-se de uma doença que gera grande preocupação devido a restrições no crescimento uterino, prematuridade e disfunções neurológicas e visuais que o feto pode desenvolver. Assim como, sequela tardia da doença que pode se manifestar na adolescência e na fase adulta. A aplicação da metodologia participativa e comunicativa por meio de materiais educativos impressos e eletrônicos da área da saúde é prática comum no Sistema Único de Saúde e, são capazes de promover resultados relevantes para os envolvidos nessas atividades educativas. Diante disso, identificou-se a necessidade de confecção de um material educativo que aborde a toxoplasmose gestacional, e que seja de fácil acesso para conscientizar as gestantes e profissionais da saúde. Foi realizada uma cartilha educativa mediante revisão bibliográfica sobre a temática, a fim de buscar conteúdo teórico fidedigno para a cartilha. Foram escolhidas ilustrações para serem inseridas na cartilha, a fim de garantir a melhor compreensão do conteúdo.
Onicomadese secundária à doença mão-pé-boca: um relato de caso
Authors: Diniz Pinto Bravo Filho José , Henrique Santos Fialho Pedro , Fernandes Portes Eduardo , Simas Portes Débora , Rocha Silva Setta Bruno , Pereira Silva Cecilia
Published: April 2024

Paciente de 3 anos de idade, do sexo masculino, apresentando onicomadese secundária a doença mão-pé-boca, o diagnóstico da doença foi clínico e não foi necessário nenhum tratamento específico para o quadro. A onicomadese causa espanto e preocupação para os pais e cuidadores de crianças que estão sendo afetadas em detrimento da queda repentina das unhas de seus leitos ungueais. Atualmente, o mecanismo de surgimento da onicomadese secundária à doença mão-pé-boca ainda é desconhecido. Portanto, é necessário reconhecer a associação entre a síndrome mão-pé-boca e a onicomadese, a fim de tranquilizar cuidadores da criança, além de evitar condutas médicas erráticas.
A importância dos marcadores biológicos para o diagnóstico precoce e tratamento do câncer de mama
Authors: M. S. Bittencourt Cláudia , Bruno da Costa Felícia , Frascino Nesi Federico , E. S. Bittencourt Mariana
Published: April 2024

Os marcadores tumorais são macromoléculas presentes em tumores, no sangue ou em outros fluidos biológicos, nos quais o aparecimento e/ou alterações em suas concentrações se relacionam com o crescimento de células neoplásicas. Identificar os marcadores que possam retratar o comportamento dos tumores considerados como prognóstico é de extrema relevancia no câncer de mama devido a variabilidade que a progressão clínica da doença pode apresentar. A partir de uma revisão de estudos originais, contemplando os mais importantes fatores genéticos e hormonais em prognóstico, tratamento e prevenção do câncer de mama, como história familiar, nível socioeconômico e marcadores biológicos de tumor, buscamos o objetivo de apresentar uma revisão da literatura nacional e internacional sobre o papel dos marcadores tumorais no manejo clínico de pacientes com câncer de mama, do auxílio no diagnóstico e estadiamento até a avaliação da resposta terapêutica e prognóstica. Evidenciamos a importância dos programas de acompanhamento e rastreio genéticopara a população feminina, em especial aqueles direcionados a mulheres portadoras das mutações nos genes BRCA1, BRCA2 e triplo-negativo, como o pleno funcionamento da Política Nacional de Humanização que aproxima o profissional da saúde ao paciente. Por fim, como utilizar os exames preventivos disponíveis visando a detecção precoce dessa doença, tornando o  tratamento mais eficaz.