bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Milking effect in coronary angiography due to left ventricular free wall rupture
Authors: Separham Ahmad , Rostami Ali , Ilkhchooyi Farzad
Published: May 2021

Left ventricular free wall rupture is a potentially fatal complication of myocardial infarction. The prompt diagnosis of this condition is of high clinical importance. The patient, a 45-year-old man, with a history of hypertension and symptoms of chest pain and shock status, was admitted in the emergency department. Due to electrocardiographic changes consistent with myocardial infarction, he was transferred to cath lab for primary angioplasty (PCI). The initial echocardiographic assessment did not indicate any evidence of mechanical complication of myocardial infarction. Clinical condition of the patient did not improve after primary PCI. During the primary PCI, diagnosis of milking effect in the coronary arteries engendered suspicion of potential mechanical complications of myocardial infarction. Re-evaluation by echocardiography revealed left ventricular free wall rupture. Observing milking effect in angiography can be a result of mechanical complications of myocardial infarction.
Effect of swimming on oligodendrocytic cells and myelin tissue in corpus callosum of rat model of MS induced by Cuprizone
Authors: Bagheri Ebrahim , Marandi Sayed Mohammad , Ghasemi Nazem , Rezaee Zeinab
Published: May 2021

Background: Multiple Sclerosis is a myelin destroyer disease, which physical activity can be effective in improving it. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of swimming on oligodendrocytic cells and myelin tissue in rat brain of the Cuprizone model of MS disease is investigated. Methods: In this study, 21 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into Control groups, Cuprizone and Swim + Cuprizone. For the induction of MS, Cuprizone 0.6% were gavaged for one month. The group of Swim + Cuprizone swam at the same time with gavage. The training program included 4 weeks of swimming for 5 sessions per week and 30 minutes. Immunohistochemistry technique was used to determine the percentage of immature and mature oligodendrocytes and Luxol fast blue solution for evaluation of myelin density. Image j software and One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the findings. Results: The mean percentage of immature and mature oligodendrocytes and myelin density in the Swim+Cuprizone group was significantly higher than that of the Cuprizone group (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Swimming decreases destruction of the oligodendrocytes and myelin cells due to Cuprizone.
The effect of 8 weeks high- intensity interval training and combined training on miR-16 expression in peripheral mononuclear blood cells of overweight/obese middle-aged women
Authors: Pashaei Zhaleh , Jafari Afshar , Alivand Mohammad reza
Published: May 2021

Background: MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNA molecules that regulate different biological processes through regulating the expression of different genes and the miR-16 is one of the miRNAs that play an important role in obesity-related disorders. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of high- intensity interval training (HIIT) alone and combined with resistance training (CHRT) on miR-16 expression in PBMCs of overweight/ obese middle-aged women. Methods: Twenty-four overweight/obese, inactive, health middle-aged women participated in two homogeneous groups HIIT (5 bouts of running at 80%–85% of VO2max with active breaks at 60% of VO2max, 5 days/week, n=12) and CHRT protocols (3 day/week HIIT with 2 day/week resistance training protocol with 75-80% of 1-RM, n=12) for eight- week. MiR-16 expressions in PBMCs of overweight/obese middle-aged women were measured by real time- PCR before and 48h after the training protocols. Results: Expression of miR-16 increased significantly in the both training protocols (HIIT: 2.32 fold, p=0.001 and CHRT: 4.96, p=0.006). However, there was no significant difference found between training protocols. Conclusion: The eight weeks of HIIT and CHRT training are lead to equally changes in the expression of miR-16, as an anti-inflammatory epigenetic factor, in PBMCs of overweight/obese women.
Students’ perception of implementing journal clubs in an undergraduate medical curriculum
Authors: Ranganth Rajani , Elizabeth Smitha , Mahadevwala Dhaval
Published: May 2021

Background: Journal club is an essential teaching-learning activity that provides a forum for developing skills in critical appraisal. It helps in keeping abreast of new knowledge, facilitating the application of new research in improving patient care, and aiding medical students to be competent clinicians. The current study aimed to elucidate whether students are aware of the concept of a journal club and their willingness to implement a journal club in their undergraduate medical curriculum. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the undergraduate medical students at the College of Medicine and Health Sciences, The National University of Science and Technology, in February 2019. A structured questionnaire of 8 items was administered that assessed the knowledge, attitude, and perceptions towards implementation of a journal club (JC) in an undergraduate curriculum among medical students. A total of 161 undergraduate medical students participated in the study. Results: Of the 161 students, 112 (69.4%) were in their preclinical years, and 49 (30.6%) were in their clinical years. In all, 145 students were female and 16 were male. Majority of students in their preclinical years (70.5%) were not aware of the journal club. Among the five reasons given for journal clubs to be included in the curriculum, the largest number of students (30.8%) wanted a journal club because it would help them to gain confidence to present cases in clinics and exams. The most common reason students did not want a journal club was that it requires a great deal of time to prepare (64.3%). Conclusion: The introduction of a journal club would enhance the proficiency of undergraduate students to be lifelong learners. It is a robust educational tool to equip them with knowledge of research practices that would aid in better patient care.
Providing a model of a hidden curriculum in medical majors with an emphasis on medical ethics
Authors: Nahavandi Takab Amir , Fathi Azar Eskandar , Daneshvar Heris Zarrin , Baghaei Hossein
Published: May 2021

Background: The "hidden" curriculum, alongside official education, can transfer ethical and professional values and principles to medical students and show them the importance of medical ethics. Ethical issues are essential factors influenced by the hidden curriculum in the medical educational system; these issues are also instruments for medical students as they develop their professionalism and idealism. The current study aims to provide an empirical study model of this hidden curriculum and its role in transferring knowledge of medical ethics. Methods: The current research is qualitative in the phenomenological type. The statistical population consisted of professors along with students in their fourth and upper years of various medical disciplines at the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences during 2019-2020. The sample group, according to the qualitative nature of the research, was compiled to a theoretical saturation to be 36 professors and students. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Analysis was done using thematic coding and Smith`s method. To maintain quality and accuracy, interview content was analyzed by two authors to reconstruct the reality. The data and their interpretation were then provided to the professors to confirm their accuracy. To ensure stability of the data, the interviews were conducted in a suitable atmosphere and in compliance with the interview conditions and isolated from bias and personal opinion. Results:A total of 67 concepts were extracted that were consequently categorized into five main themes: 1. Objectives and Curriculum; 2. Physical Space; 3. Backgrounds and Perspectives; 4. Laws and regulations; and, 5. Relationships. A model for studying students’ experiences of the hidden curriculum and medical ethics was presented. Conclusion: Since medical professors and senior students are dealing with patient health, it is essential to acknowledge the concept of medical ethics as a "hidden" curriculum alongside scientific and professional issues in designing medical curriculum.
Dlaczego warto czytać Sun Yat-sena? Pożytki z lektury prac „duchowego ojca” nowożytnych Chin
Authors: Jasiecki Krzysztof
Published: May 2021

The author describes the political concepts of Sun Yat-sen, leader of the Kuomintang party, whose views largely shaped the thinking of the Chinese elite about the modernization of the state and China’s place in the world. These concepts are considered in relation to contemporary interpretations of the systemic and economic development of the People’s Republic of China, the otherness of the ‘Confucian capitalism’ of East Asia, the limitations of the western concept of global government, and the crisis of neoliberal globalization.
Ślązacy Cieszyńscy jako „nasi–Obcy” / „my–Inni” w pismach Jana Szczepańskiego
Authors: Szkaradnik Katarzyna
Published: May 2021

The aim of this article is to reconstruct and interpret the vision of Silesians as Others contained in the texts of the sociologist Jan Szczepański. The article begins by pointing out Silesia’s lack of homogeneity and complex relation with Poland, as well as Szczepański’s predominant identiﬁcation of Silesia with his native Cieszyń and his mythologizing of it as a borderland mainstay of Polishness. In this context, there is a clear parallel in Szczepański’s writings between Silesians and Indians (that is, the maintenance of a separate culture by the autochthonous people in spite of efforts to discourage their otherness). At the same time, Szczepański shows the culture of Cieszyń to be different from the dominant Polish model, being based mainly on values connected with the Protestant ethos: industry, reliability, order, and rationality. The author explains how presentation of an idealized Cieszyń community emerges in Szczepański’s writings as the project of ‘becoming another’, a path toward understanding one’s own cultural roots in order to use them creatively to shape real conditions.
Biomedyczny i społeczny model niepełnosprawności w perspektywie filozoficznej
Authors: Pezdek Krzysztof
Published: May 2021

The author’s aim is to support the hypothesis that what is considered the norm (normal, normality) is of fundamental importance in shaping the biomedical and social model of disability. The content of that norm largely determines whether an individual in society will be classified as a person with or without a disability. All norms concerning health and functioning have their source in axiological considerations of set ideas about the human body and society. In this sense, the norms do not reflect the entire phenomenon of disability, which they standardize. At most they reflect how it is treated by social institutions (the authorities) in a given time and place and what consequences this has for the development of the individual with a disability (the problem of emancipation). The theoretical basis for these thoughts is the philosophical perspective proposed by Georges Canguilhem, Jürgen Habermas, and Michel Foucault.
Rola pieczy zastępczej w procesie socjalizacji
Authors: Kinowska Zofia , Kęska Adam
Published: May 2021

This article is devoted to an analysis of the foster care system, with particular consideration of its pro-social function. It contains the initial findings of field research into the foster care system. The most important are: 1) the division of family functions between the various participants is suboptimal and generates conflicts; 2) foster families lack social and organizational support; 3) biological parents are not motivated to improve their child-raising skills; 4) in the current situation the pro-social function of foster care is not performed, and thus foster care contributes to the reproduction of pathological phenomena.
Doświadczenie czarnego łabędzia, mity logistyczne i okręt Tezeusza: trzy mechanizmy wytwarzania i wzmacniania zbiorowej tożsamości kibiców
Authors: Nosal Przemysław , Kossakowski Radosław
Published: May 2021

This text provides a critical discussion of the dominant concepts used to identity soccer fans and proposes new ways of analyzing the fan phenomenon. The two most widespread interpretative frameworks divide fans into ‘traditional’ supporters and ‘consumer’ fans. The authors indicate that this division is not the only possible frame for viewing fans’ identity. The examples provided demonstrate that fans’ individual and collective identities do not develop solely on the basis of events associated with the soccer field. Among other things, their identities can be shaped by unexpected human or non-human factors or catastrophes, or by struggles to preserve the past or the club’s heritage. Such instances prove that the formation of identity involves more than the dichotomy between a traditional fan and a consumer fan. This text also contributes to expanding the interpretative realm in contemporary research into group identities.
Dziesięć wyznań albo krępujący chiazm: od etnografii neoliberalizmu do neoliberalnej etnografii
Authors: Mokrzan Michał
Published: May 2021

The subject of this essay is the constituting of subjectivity as reflected in neoliberal technologies of management manifesting themselves in the coaching relationship. This question is addressed on the basis of ethnographic research conducted among coaches and persons being coached in Poland. However, the form of the essay goes beyond the qualitative framework of traditional ethnographic research. In regard to autoethnographic experience, the initial goal of making an ethnography of neoliberalism was achieved though actions and strategies that in themselves could be described as neoliberal (that is, conducted in terms of the imperative of self-concern and thinking in categories of potential gains and losses).
Witold Jedlicki (29 II 1929 – 7 IX 1995). Między samorealizacją a realiami
Authors: Kraśko Nina
Published: May 2021

Witold Jedlicki (1929–1995), an important, if somewhat disregarded Polish sociologist, began work at the University of Warsaw as the first assistant of professor Stanislaw Ossowski, member of Ossowski’s circle, also known as the Warsaw School of Sociology. Little, however, is known of Jedlicki’s life after he emigrated to Israel in 1962; in present day Poland he is remembered mainly as the author of a single text Chamy i Żydy published in 1962 in Kultura [Culture], a leading Polish emigré journal appearing in Paris. Through research of Polish and Israeli archives, study of publications in political and academic institutional history as well as interviews with Jedlicki’s brother Jerzy and Chanan Rapaport, at that time head of the National Institute for Research in the Behavioral Sciences the author was able to partly reconstruct his career abroad in Israel and the US, including contributions to Kultura and later criticism of the political situation in Poland and Israel. Conversations with Jedlicki’s friends and acquaintances, his own texts (published and unpublished), and particularly his correspondence with Jerzy Giedroyc, editor in chief of Kultura provide a new psychological insight into the intellectual history of a scholar still quoted by the Polish school of sociology in discussions and interpretations of Polish society.
Minimalizm — między epizodem a trwaniem
Authors: Dopierała Renata
Published: May 2021

This article discusses minimalism and slow life as examples of anti-consumer-oriented social practices. The author presents the assumptions of minimalism and slow life (their similarities and differences), compares minimalism with the idea of voluntary simplicity (comparing mainly their systems of values), describes minimalism as a project of the self, and distinguishes a few variants—radical, economic, and luxury minimalism. The analysis is based on minimalist literature.
Uniwersytet socjalistyczny i jego współczesne neoliberalne analogie
Authors: Dziedziczak-Foltyn Agnieszka
Published: May 2021

While referring to Agata Zysiak’s book Punkty za pochodzenie. Powojenna modernizacja i uniwersytet w robotniczym mieście [Points for Class Origin: Post-War Modernization and the University in a Working-Class City] (2016) the author’s intention is to provide an independent voice in the debate on plans to modernize the institution of the university, both in PPR times and at present. She describes the role of the university in Poland’s ideologically created socio-economic modernization. Both the communist and post-transformation reforms of the social system can be treated as being defined by the modernization imperative and a similarly legitimated attempt to overcome backwardness. The following points are raised: (1) the significance of the institution of higher learning in the modernization of the country; (2) the vision of a higher-learning institution guiding two outstanding academics of those times; (3) the university in the public discourse of the communist era; (4) the career paths of the recipients of university educations, that is, the students and graduates of the socialist university; (5) and the career paths of academics in the Polish People’s Republic. Consideration of these questions through the communist and capitalist prisms of modernization changes in Poland makes it possible to advance theses about the function of a higher-learning institution, regardless of the dominant political system.
Transgresje nowoczesności
Authors: Pieniążek Paweł
Published: May 2021

The author considers the possibility of transgression in the contemporary world in the context of attempts to treat sexaholism as such. He questions the justifiability of using the term “transgression” and refers to its earlier meaning in the ideas of Georges Bataille and in post-structuralism.
Kultura jako czynnik miejskiej rezyliencji na przykładzie dawnych miast przemysłowych należących do Sieci Miast Kreatywnych UNESCO. Przypadek dwóch miast: Katowice i Saint-Étienne
Authors: Pyka Robert
Published: May 2021

Cities that seek new development factors in the era of knowledge-based economies and global competition increasingly often turn to culture and the development of the so-called creative industries. The mobilization of endogenous resources leads both to the demarcation of new paths of development and the preservation of continuity through reference to the tradition, skills, and ethos proper to a given area. The author addresses the question in terms of the concept of urban resilience, using the example of two post-industrial cities: Katowice and Saint-Étienne, which are struggling with a lack of positive image and limited access to external resources. He recounts the city authorities’ strategies and attempts to assign them to models of development through culture described in the literature. He devotes considerable space to the tactic of supra-local networking and to cooperation within the framework of international networks. He attempts a critical description of the actual role of culture in the processes of revitalizing selected cities. He claims that culture has a large role to play as a factor enhancing the participation of the inhabitants and thus to the endogenous development of the city. The ability to change the path of development while preserving the cohesion of the process with a city’s historical and cultural heritage testifies, in the author’s opinion, to the existence of a potential for resilience.
Poza pamięć zbiorową — społeczne wymiary pamiętania miasta. Zarys problematyki na przykładzie projektu „Wrocław. Pamiętam, że…”
Authors: Biskupska Kamilla
Published: May 2021

The author suggests that research into the socially constructed collective past should be expanded to include motifs of social memory that are negotiated in private discourse and emerge intersubjectively (often unconsciously) at the level of everyday life. She considers the relation between places of memory and memory of places, and between social memory and individual memory. The article is based on empirical material from the reminiscences of Wrocław inhabitants published in the book [Wrocław: I Remember… Wrocław. Pamiętam, że…], which was prepared in connection with Wrocław’s role as European Capital of Culture 2016.
Modified Energy Statistic for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection
Authors: Mukherjee Rupam
Published: May 2021

For prognostics in industrial applications, the degree of anomaly of a test point from a baseline cluster is estimated using a statistical distance metric. Among different statistical distance metrics, energy distance is an interesting concept based on Newton’s Law of Gravitation, promising simpler computation than classical distance metrics. In this paper, we review the state of the art formulations of energy distance and point out several reasons why they are not directly applicable to the anomaly-detection problem. Thereby, we propose a new energy-based metric called the P-statistic which addresses these issues, is applicable to anomaly detection and retains the computational simplicity of the energy distance. We also demonstrate its effectiveness on a real-life data-set.
Coal Bottom Ash as Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate in Asphaltic Concrete
Authors: Mohammed H.
Published: May 2021

The effect of coal bottom ash (CBA) on the characteristics of asphaltic concrete was investigated with a view to assess its suitability as a partial replacement of fine aggregate. Coal procured from Lafia-Obi coal mines was burnt in a fixed bed combustor until a sand size residual was produced. The properties of the materials used for the study were characterize using standard procedures. The CBA was introduced in the asphalt mix at an increasing rate of 10, 15, 20 and 25% content by weight of the fine aggregate and test samples of asphaltic concrete were prepared. The samples were subjected to Marshall stability test. Results showed that the specific gravity and absorption test for granite dust were 2.45 and 0.25%, respectively, while those of the CBA were 2.86 and 0.58% respectively. The result of stability, flow, bulk density, voids filled in bitumen (VFB), air voids (VA) and voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) of the asphaltic concrete at 0% CBA were 12.02 kN, 3.04 mm, 2.491g/cm3, 66.0%, 4.3%, 12.7% respectively; while the values at 20% CBA content were 16.97 kN, 3.51mm, 2.514g/ cm3 , 71.2%, 3.4%, 11.9% respectively. The result showed that coal bottom ash in asphaltic mix improved its properties.
An Appraisal of Informal Commercial Activities in Osogbo, Osun State Nigeria
Authors: Gasu M.B
Published: May 2021

This study appraises the characteristics and respondents‟ perception of the environmental effects of informal commercial activities; as well as the efforts made by government to manage informal commercial activities in Osogbo. The study utilized questionnaire administration in areas with significant informal activities using random sampling technique. A total of 102 and 182 at 10% were chosen from a total of 1,020 and 1,815 identified residents and informal commercial operators respectively. Frequency and percentages as well as correlation analysis were used to analyze the data collected. The study reveals that trading accounted for the highest informal commercial activities (62.96%) while exposure to severe weather (29.01%) were what respondents considered the riskiest encounter. Waste generation (3.7) was the highest ranked factor that negatively impacted on the environment while O-Traffic which ranked (3.3) was the most effective tool in the management of informal commercial activities. Finding from correlation analysis (r=-0.5, p=0.040) indicated that there is moderate negative significant relationship between perceptions of the environmental effects of informal commercial activities and effectiveness of efforts made by government to manage informal commercial activities at p<0.05 confidence level. The study concludes by recommending that informal operators should be recognized and integrated into the city’s main stream planned commercial activities.
Teaching-Learning Based Optimization Approach for Determining Size and Location of Distributed Generation for Real Power Loss Reduction on Nigerian Grid
Authors: Okelola M. O. , Olabode O.E , Ajewole T.O.
Published: May 2021

The ever increasing sensitization on the need for clean energies that are not only environmental friendly but also have comparative cost advantages encourages the use of distributed generation. Using distributed generation at the load ends or close to the load centers has not only reduced carbon emission, but also improves power system performances. Presented in this paper is the adoption of Teaching-Learning Based Optimization technique for determining the most suitable site and size of distributed generation for real power loss reduction on Nigerian power system. Backward/Forward Sweep technique was employed for the power flow analysis, while the suitable locations of the distributed generations were pre-selected using Voltage Stability Index and Teaching-Learning Based Optimization technique was employed to establish the optimal location and the optimum size of the required distributed generation. This approach was demonstrated on the IEEE 34-bus test system, with the placement of 1 kW DG at bus 11 of the system. The aggregate real power loss diminished from 571 kW to 208.5954 kW (63.5726% reduction), while Voltage Stability Index and voltage profile of the system also improved remarkably. Also, by placing distributed generation on typical Nigerian 11 kV feeder, the real power loss reduced from 1.1 kW to 0.75 kW while the magnitude of bus voltage increased from 0.8295 to 0.8456 p.u. Based on the results of this analysis, Teaching-Learning Based Optimization has demonstrated excellent performance on the two test cases and therefore would be a tool to adopt on the Nigerian radial distribution system.
Appraisal of Corporate Social Responsibility Practices of Selected Medium Size Contracting Firms in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Olatunde N. A.
Published: May 2021

Construction project abandonment, delay in completion time, huge variation between contract sum and final account figure, etc. is gradually becoming a norm in the South-South region of Nigeria compared to other regions. These anomalies have been linked to consequential effect of communal agitations resulting from economic, political and environmental neglect. This study therefore seeks to appraise the corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices of medium size contracting firms in the zone with a view to explore the relationship between CSR practices and project delivery in the region. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 12 contracting firms operating within the region for 10 years (2008-2017). Structured questionnaire was used to obtain quantitative data used for the study. Data analysis was carried out using percentile, frequency, mean item score and correlation analysis. The findings revealed that 27.5% of the contracting firms have CSR policy, 17.5% of the firms have CSR as core mandate in their company vision statement. Importantly, the finding also revealed that most of the contracting firms within the region incorporate local content policy of employing indigenes of the host community (MIS=3.73) as their most important CSR practice. The study recommends that there should be an enactment and enforcement of enabling laws that make it compulsory for business owners to have CSR policy and entrench CSR as a core mandate in their vision statement as a criterion for business registration for all categories of construction companies in Nigeria.
Design an IT Policy Implementation Plan
Authors: Sarraf Saman , Kabia Milton
Published: May 2021

Information technology (IT) companies implement multi-dimensional policy plans that include procedures, sub-plans, and instructions to outline their business scopes, targets, and communications. This work outlined the IT policy implementation plan designed by an imaginary company with a random name called Northcentral Cloud Consulting Firm (NCCF), containing proposed IT policies, milestones and roadmaps, control framework, stakeholder responsibilities, knowledge transfer plan, and leadership roles. As NCCF’s major customers seek data-driven solutions in cloud computing, the NCCF IT policy plan provides various data policies, including security and proper usage of machine learning services. The plan offers a detailed roadmap of its financial, geographical, and reputational expansion within three years. The IT policy plan also compromises an IT risk management, contingency, and emergency communication plan, mainly for protecting data and business continuity. Stakeholder responsibilities are incorporated into the IT policy plan, as NCCF considers any engagement with its customers as a collaborative effort in which both parties have and share several responsibilities.
Impact of Seasonal Variations on the Colonial Populations of Bacteria and Fungi in Soil and on Buried Plant Stems
Authors: Nwokoro O. , Ekwem O. H.
Published: May 2021

Forest soils and stems buried in them usually have varying degrees of colonization and abundance of bacteria and fungi. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of seasonal variations on the population of bacteria and fungi isolated from forest soil and on plant stems buried in the soil. Soil sampling and stem burial studies were conducted over a 12-month period in 2019. Serially diluted soil samples were plated on suitable media for bacterial and fungal growth and thereafter counted after incubation. Buried stems were removed from the soil, rinsed and placed in flasks containing suitable media for fungal and bacterial cultivation. Colonial growth was counted after incubation. Soil moisture was highest during the wet season months of July (27.7%), August (23.5 %), September 26.1 %) and October (29 %) whereas the average soil moisture content was lowest in the dry season. Seasonal pH did not significantly affect microbial population levels in the various months. Colony counts for Pseudomonas spp. during the dry season months (January, February, March and April) were very low. Growth of the bacterium showed peaks in the May through October during which counts reached 109 cells per gram of soil except in August with counts of 108 cells per gram of soil. Micrococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. also showed similar trends in colony counts with little variations. Fungi were generally fewer in number than bacteria and only one peak which reached 107 cells/g soil was obtained for Fusarium spp. and Rhizopus spp. in September and October respectively. The density of Trichoderma spp. per gram of soil peaked at 106 cells in June, July, September and October. Counts for Aspergillus spp. was negligible in January, February, March and April but reached 106 cells per gram of soil in June, July and August. The colonization of Pseudomonas spp. on buried plant stem varied between 62% in June to 76% in October while Micrococcus spp. had levels which varied from 65% in May to 84% in June and 72% in October. Fusarium species were found most frequently on the stem every month except in February, March and April. Low colonization of Aspergillus spp. on stems occurred in January, February, March, November and December. Highest numbers of this organism was found in August, September and October. Rhizopus spp. was observed in 85 and 80% of the stem in September and October respectively but lower percentages of colonization occurred in January, February, March and April. In all the dry season months (January-April), all bacterial and fungal populations had low densities but their counts increased in the rainy season. Fungi were generally fewer in number than bacteria in both soil and stem burial experiments.
Survey on Medical Imaging of Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) by Variable Current Pattern Methods
Authors: Babikir Adam Edriss Eisa , Sathesh
Published: May 2021

Recently, the image reconstruction study on EIT plays a vital role in the medical application field for validation and calibration purpose. This research article analyzes the different types of reconstruction algorithms of EIT in medical imaging applications. Besides, it reviews many methods involved in constructing the electrical impedance tomography. The spatial distribution and resolution with different sensitivity has been discussed here. The electrode arrangement of various methods involved in the EIT system is discussed here. This research article comprises of adjacent drive method, cross method, and alternative opposite current direction method based on the voltage driven pattern. The assessment process of biomedical EIT has been discussed and investigated through the impedance imaging of the existent substances. The locality of the electrodes can be calculated and fixed for appropriate methods. More specifically, this research article discusses about the EIT image reconstruction methods and the significance of the alternative opposite current direction approach in the biomedical system. The change in conductivity test is further investigated based on the injection of current flow in the system. It has been established by the use of Electrical Impedance Tomography and Diffuse Optical Tomography Reconstruction Software (EDITORS) software, which is open-source software.
Morphological changes in the tendon tissue of the superficial flexor of the finger in horses with tendinitis
Authors:   Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology named after Professor A. F. Klimov, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Borkhunova E. N.
Published: May 2021

The superficial flexor tendon of the horse's toe in the middle third of the metacarpus and in the region of the joint of the second phalanx was studied. Here, the tendon tissue is hypovascular or avascular, with inclusions of fibrous cartilage. The features of the structure of tissue in health and in chronic tendinitis are shown.
Etiopathogenetic specificity and prospects of phage therapy in infectious keratoconjunctivitis in cattle
Authors:   Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin», Moscow, Russian Federation, Pimenov N. V. , Aref Agah M. ,   Teaching Assistant, Faculty of Agriculture, Badgis University, Qala i Naw city, Badghis, Afghanistan Research Student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biology and Pathology of Small Domestic, Laboratory and Exotic Animals, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K.I. Skryabin», Moscow, Russian Federation, Navruzshoeva G. Sh. ,   Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Associate Professor, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K.I. Skryabin», Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2021

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) is a bacterial eye disease affecting cattle worldwide. The main etiological role in IBK belongs to Moraxella spp. (including in associations with Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, Proteus). Persistence factors and antimicrobial resistance of these bacteria, reduce the effectiveness of traditional treatment measures for IBK. New strategies for combating bacterial infections set up prospects for the use of bacteriophages. The paper presents data substantiating the relevance of the development of a therapeutic and prophylactic method of phage processing and an agent based on lytically properties of bacteriophages to combat infectious keratoconjunctivitis in cattle.
Estimation of the content of metals and arsenic in marine fish used for feeding wild and exotic animals
Authors:   Candidate of Biological Sciences, Docent, Yaroslavl State Agricultural Academy, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, Stepanova M. V. , Ostapenko V. A. ,   Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head of Department of Zoology, Ecology and Conservation named after Professor A. G. Bannikov, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2021

The aim of the study was to study the content of some heavy metals and arsenic in frozen fish (capelin, herring, pink salmon, chum salmon, pollock, blue whiting, greenling) used for feeding animals of zoological institutions. In the course of the study, it was found that according to the value of the average content in fish used by zoological institutions for feeding wild and exotic animals, the studied elements form the following decreasing series: Fe > Zn > Cu > As > Pb > Cd. In the course of nonparametric statistics, significant differences were established in the level of accumulation of all studied elements, except for Pb and Cd, by representatives of different fish families. Herring is characterized by a high level of accumulation of Zn and As, low – Cd, salmon: high concentration of Fe, Pb, Cd, low – Cu and As. Greenlings to a greater extent than other families contain Cu, to a lesser extent – Zn and Fe. The rest of the elements in the representatives were kept at an average level. In the studied fish samples, the excess of MPC was not found. The presence of a reliably weak direct correlation the relationship between the content of Pb, Cd and As in fish and animal biosubstrates was established, and the antagonism between the intake and accumulation of the following elements in the body of birds and mammals was statistically confirmed: Zn – Pb, Cu – Pb and Zn – Cd. The accumulation of As in biosubstrates is facilitated by the intake of Zn and Cd, and Cu – Zn.
Growth dynamics of young mink of the albino-pastel breed in postnatal ontogeny
Authors:   Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Private Animal Science, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fedorova O. I. , Orlova E. A. ,   Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Private Animal Science, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Antonova I. D. ,   Candidate of Biological Sciences, Department of Private Zootechnics, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K.I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2021

Coloured minks are widespread – more than 200 colour variations in hair colour are known. Currently, breeding in fur farming continues. One of the most recent breeding achievements is the albino pastel mink. An important characteristic of the new breed is the body size and growth of the organism during the postnatal period, which does not occur evenly but goes through certain phases. In different periods of growth, the organism requires appropriate conditions, in the presence of which further development occurs. As a result of studies of mink growth from birth to adulthood, data necessary for the correct organization of measures for rearing and feeding the animals are accumulated. When analysing the growth dynamics of young animals, it has been established that sexual dimorphism in body weight of males and females of the albino-pastel genotype is absent at one day of age. The most intensive increase in body weight in female and male albino-pastel minks occurs from day 50 to day 80. The increase in body weight continues after 3–4 months of life, with males more intense than females.
Active sport tourism consumption by German private households
Authors: Preuss Holger , An der Heiden Iris , Alfs Christian , Schubert Mathias
Published: May 2021

Recent studies on the economic dimensions of sports and physical activity in Germany have revealed that sport-related tourism is one of the important contributors to private household consumption. Due to a lack of representative and large-scale data sets, this topic has never been displayed in detail before. By using computer assisted telephone and web interviews, we collected a total data set of n=19,396 persons living in Germany. The expenditures for active sport tourism were isolated, which is understood as travelling to take part in different sporting activities. Data are provided on the overall spending of German households for sport trips, with skiing (€ 3.4 bn) and scuba diving (€ 2.2 bn) being the sports with the highest consumption. We differentiate 71 types of sport and provide data on the most important 20 types. German households undertake 28 million trips each year and spend on average € 460 for each trip. This adds up to € 12.8 bn, which is a significant contribution to the economic dimension of sport. Austria, the Netherlands and Spain are the most important destinations for German households regarding active sport trips. The paper provides useful data to shed further light on the active sport tourism market.
Optimization methods for l 1 -energy minimization in the estimation of optical flow
Authors:   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF CLUJ-NAPOCA FACULTY OF AUTOMATION AND COMPUTER SCIENCE MEMORANDUMULUI 28, 400114 CLUJ-NAPOCA, ROMANIA E-mail address: rus.mircea@math.utcluj.ro, RUS MIRCEA DAN
Published: May 2021

The aim of this paper is to present a new approach for solving the minimization problem for a large class of energy functionals that appear in the differential models of optical flow estimation problems, and which are expressed using the discrete l1-norm. The choice of l1-energy minimization is motivated by the fact that quadratic l2 optimization is not robust to outliers and that l1-norm is a better choice for modeling real problems involving discrete signals. The method described in this paper is very general, thus the advantage of being applicable to almost every differential model that has been proposed so far for the optical flow estimation problem. In order to test and validate our method, a MATLAB implementation on several optical flow models is currently under development. Also, a multi-core implementation on GP-GPU is to be considered in the near future.
Extensions of n-groups by m-groups
Authors:   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF CLUJ-NAPOCA MEMORANDUMULUI 28, 400114 CLUJ-NAPOCA, ROMANIA E-mail address: vasile.pop@math.utcluj.ro, POP VASILE
Published: May 2021

By juxtaposition of a (n + 1)-operation with a (m + 1)-operation on G we obtain a (m + n + 1)-operation on G. In this paper we study the reciprocal associativity of these operations and the conditions that the obtained operation determine on G a (m + n + 1)-group.
Weak solutions in Elasticity of dipolar bodies with stretch
Authors:   DEPT. OF MATHEMATICS AND INFORMATICS TRANSILVANIA UNIVERSITY OF BRASOV IULIU MANIU 50, BRASOV, ROMANIA E-mail address: m.marin@unitbv.ro, MARIN MARIN , STAN GABRIEL ,   DEPT. OF MATHEMATICS AND INFORMATICS TRANSILVANIA UNIVERSITY OF BRASOV IULIU MANIU 50, BRASOV, ROMANIA  E-mail address: g.stan@unitbv.ro
Published: May 2021

In the present paper we generalize the results obtained by Iesan and Quintanilla for microstretch elastic bodies in order to cover the dipolar elastic materials with stretch. For the boundary value problem considered in this context, we use some results from the theory of semigroups of the linear operators in order to prove the existence and uniqueness of a weak solution.
Positive Effect Of Mineral Nutrition On The Quantity Of Vitamins And Chemical Content Of Stevia (Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni)
Authors:   Doctoral Student Of Cotton Breeding, Seed Production And Agro-Technologies Research Institute, Uzbekistan, Ulugboev A.Y. , Kurbanov A.A. ,   Assistant Of Tashkent State Agrarian University, Uzbekistan, Khayrullaev S.Sh. ,   Assistant Of Tashkent State Agrarian University, Uzbekistan
Published: May 2021

In recent years, all over the world, special attention is paid to plants with sweet taste, but not having a negative effect on human health. In developed countries, 6-7% of stevia side is obtained from stevia leaves, which have a sweet honey taste. Which are widely used in confectionery farms. Stevia extracts are over 300 times sweeter than sugar. Also, in the composition in the leaves of stevia contains vitamin C, B1, B2, PP, which is very important for human health. In the experiment, comparatively high indicators for the content of vitamin "B2" 36.0 mg / 100g were noted when using mineral fertilizers in N50 P175 K50. In agriculture, improving and maintaining the quality of products is one of the main tasks. In this regard, all field trials require the study of product quality. In Stevia, the quality of the food depends to a certain extent on the chemical composition of the plants. That is, the content of mineral substances and vitamins in the plant. It has been established that the use of mineral fertilizers increases the content of phosphorus, iron, calcium and other mineral substances. In the experiment, comparatively low values for the iron content of 4.9 mg / 100 g were observed in the control variant without the use of mineral fertilizers. In the variants of the applied mineral fertilizers, the iron content in stevia was 5.1-6.0 mg / 100 g. The highest iron content in the stevia composition, 6.0 mg / 100 g, was noted in the variant with the use of mineral fertilizers at the rate of N50 P175 K50 kg / ha.
The Process Of Drying Plums And Taking Precautions In Their Storage
Authors:   Assistant Of The Department Of “Storage, Processing And Packaging Of Agricultural Products”, Andijan Institute Of Agriculture And Agrotechnology, Uzbekistan, Ermakova Jamilakhon Mukhammadovna
Published: May 2021

The article provides information from the literature on cutting, transportation, sorting, inspection, washing, immersion (blanching), desulfurization, dehumidification, drying and storage of dried plum varieties. In particular, during drying, stoves and ovens must be constructed in a manner that fully meets fire safety requirements. Those who work with caustic soda should also be provided with special gowns, shoes, respirators, goggles and gloves.
Poise Is A Dangerous Pest Of Winter Wheat
Authors:   Associate Professor, Candidate Of Agricultural Sciences, Andijan Institute Of Agriculture And Agricultural Technologies, Uzbekistan, Mirzayeva Saida Abdusalomovna , Turgunov Odiljon Maripovich ,   Master, Andijan Institute Of Agriculture And Agricultural Technologies, Uzbekistan
Published: May 2021

This article presents the results of scientific research on the biology and harmfulness of the wheat drunkard. Against this pest, insecticides were used in the standard control variant of Karache 10% e.c., 0.07 l/ ha and the biological efficiency was 90.4% 95.6% and 96.8%, in the experimental variant, respectively, when 0.075 l/ha was applied. Carat gold plus 10% e.с. 90.9%, 96.1% wa 97.5%.
Studying Non-Traditional Plants Oils For Food Purpose
Authors:   PhD, Associate Professor Of The Department Of Food Technology, Tashkent Institute Of Chemical Technology, Uzbekistan, Ramizitdinovna Akramova Rano , Ramizitdinovich Sayfutdinov Djamolitdin ,   Post Doctoral Of The Department Of Food Technology, Tashkent Institute Of Chemical Technology, Uzbekistan
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the possibility of expanding the range of strategically important consumer food products such as vegetable oil.The necessity of developing an innovative technology for obtaining non-traditional vegetable oils, which will improve the economic mechanism for the development of the food market, has been substantiated. The physical and chemical characteristics of oil seeds grown in Uzbekistan have been studied. It has been proven that the oils obtained from non-traditional oilseeds can be used for consumption, and will play an important role in expanding the range of non-traditional vegetable oils.