bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE PHENOMENON OF LAND-USE CHANGE AND THE APPLICATION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) BY SUPPLEMENTARY ACCOMMODATIONS IN NORTH KUTA REGENCY, BALI, INDONESIA
Authors: Tunjungsari Komang Ratih , Arianty A.A. Ayu Arun Suwi
Published: January 2017

The phenomenon in North Kuta is the tourist accomodations such as restaurants, villas, and housing residents, furthermore said with supplementary accomodations, are increasingly growing in number. This issue of tourism development and land-use change brought some impacts, especially in the environmental, social and economical issue. This research will discuss about the CSR concept in order to balance the effect of the land -use change especially in social and economic issues. The aim of this research is to discover the phenomenon of land use change in North Kuta regency and the application of CSR in developing and supporting local community. We use observation, questionnaires, and interview to data collection instruments or research instruments. Based on our research, we found that, the supplementary accommodations and restaurants in North Kuta regency are applied the CSR’s programs, still they do not provide structured CSR programs as the hotels provide.
Landscape Urbanism in the Center of Moscow: New Hybrid Models of Park Areas
Authors: Zaykova E Yu
Published: January 2017

It is necessary to reconsider the role of natural areas and landscape approaches to improve the quality of urban environment for a sustainable development of modern cities. The development of city’s green infrastructure, what is integrated in “landscape urbanism” term, implies the restoration of environment natural components by expansion of urban boundaries or searching for reserved areas of “abandoned” landscape in a city structure [10]. Creating a new development strategy of natural environment territories, in terms of post-industrial reality and progressive urbanization is the part of city's spatial development that must be adapted and supplied carefully. It is necessary to search for new development models of urban space, where the landscape typology and nature features are the means of environment identity [13]. The rapid degradation of natural areas, as a result of “densification” of a city and building development in the largest cities of Russia, primary Moscow, was observed from the beggining of 90-ies of the 20th century. It has led to the disappearance of natural areas, what influenced an environmental stress strengthening in different parts of an urban space, especially in its center, and strong recreational pressure on park areas, that are the most popular within a city. For changing this situation and creating a new scenario for parks development in the center of Moscow, it is necessary to form new urban objects, both in the center and in the middle and peripheral parts of the city. Scenario of sustainable urban development at different urban levels includes innovative ideas for life harmonization, associated with the concept of “living” cities, sustainable urbanization, preservation of historical heritage and new building technologies [5].
Monitoring, Restoration and Maintenance of Aged Trees in Summer and Mikhailovsky Gardens of St. Petersburg
Authors: Cherdantseva O A , Lukmazova E A , Dmitrieva A G , Dubrovina T A
Published: January 2017

The image of the Summer Garden is inseparable from the image of St. Petersburg. It was survived together with the city of the period of formation, rapid flourishing, change of rulers, change, economic systems, natural and military disasters. In June 2009, Russian Museum proceeded to largest restoration on the reconstruction of the memorial ensemble of the Summer garden. The article presents the results of inspection condition of old-growth trees in Summer and Mikhailovsky Gardens and analyze inventory data from 1962 to 2014, the dynamics of change in the number of trees.
Megacities 2050: from Urbanization Threats to Sustainable Urban Development
Authors: Vasenev V I , Dovletyarova E A , Plyushchikov V G , Valentini R
Published: January 2017

Urbanization is a global land-use change tendency, responsible for substantial environmental changes. At the same time urban ecosystems are vulnerable to global changes, and their adaptation is necessary to maintain sustainable functionality and important ecosystem services. Sustainable urban development demands for integration of innovative green technologies and natural-based solutions in urban management, which is only possible through a collaboration of scientists, landscape designers, civil engineers and policy-makers.
THE ANALYSIS OF DIAGNOSTIC ASSESMENT RESULT IN PISA MATHEMATICAL LITERACY BASED ON STUDENTS SELF-EFFICACY IN RME LEARNING
Authors: Khaerunisak Khaerunisak , Kartono Kartono , Hidayah Isti , Fahmi Ahmad Yusril
Published: January 2017

This research aimed to test RME learning with an effective scientific approach to improving mathematical literacy and self-efficacy, obtaining an overview of the mathematical literacy diagnostic assessment results that has high, medium and low self-efficacy as well as student difficulties in learning RME with a scientific approach. This research using mix method concurrent embedded with the subject of research is students class VIII. The research begins with a mathematical literacy diagnostic assessment and self-efficacy inventory then performed RME learning in experimental class and conventional learning in control class. Quantitative analysis was conducted to test the effectiveness of learning and deepened with the interview as a qualitative analysis. Learning RME with a scientific approach effective is marked by the achievement of classical completeness, the proportion of students' mathematical literacy, self-efficacy and the difference in pre-post students’ mathematical literacy on RME learning better than conventional learning. The results of students’ mathematical literacy diagnostic assessment fit the criteria of self-efficacy students except for medium mathematical literacy that having high self-efficacy. Student difficulties in RME learning with the scientific approach are based on the results of mathematical literacy diagnostic assessment, namely language skills problem, the capacity to understand, create strategies, and create the algorithm.
„A nagy természetnek remek kis ékszere”. Víz és vízpart a tudás-alapú városfejlesztésben
Authors: Z. Karvalics László
Published: January 2017

Az ipari korszak szétzúzta az ember és vizes környezete közti szerves kapcsolatot, miközben elképesztő vízmérnöki teljesítménnyel a tavakat, a folyókat, öblöket és kisebb vízfolyásokat az épített világ részévé tette. Az információs társadalomban különleges lehetőségek nyíltak meg, hogy ennek a régvolt egységnek minél több eleme újraéleszthető, újra-felfedezhető és újraalkotható legyen, a vízhez kapcsolódó fejlesztéseket a stratégiai tervezés középpontjába emelve. A tanulmány amellett érvel, hogy a technológiai szempontokon túlmutató komplex irányzatok (a víz- és ivóvíz-infrastruktúra szempontjaira érzékeny városfejlesztésen és a rekreációs és turisztikai célú vízpart-revitalizáción túllépve eljött az ideje az átfogó, a belvárosi miliő-designnal összefonódó víz-központú fejlesztési stratégiáknak. Külföldi legjobb gyakorlatok (Valencia, Kokkedal, Aarhus és mások) mellett a tanulmány magyar települések lehetőségeit is vizsgálja, elsősorban Szeged és Pápateszér példáján, de legfőképp folyamatosan Zalaegerszeget használva példaként, amelynek 1941-ben készült vízközpontú stratégiáját is kiemeli a feledés homályából.
Az infonómiától a Webonómiáig: Hogyan alakítja az információs és kommunikációs technológia az információról, mint az üzleti tevékenység tárgyáról alkotott képünket?
Authors: Dragomirescu Horatiu , Vafopoulos Michalis
Published: January 2017

A tanulmány az információ-fogalom fejlődésének új szakaszát gazdasági szempontból vizsgálja, az offline-tól az Open Data és Linked Web 3.0-ig tartozó, összefüggő technológiai ugrások sorozata mentén. Ma már elterjedt az az elképzelés, hogy az áttérés a Web 3.0-ra megváltoztatja az információgazdaság mint tudományág helyzetét. Az információgazdaság (amely az alkalmazott gazdaságtan egyik területe, és amely az információs tudományok rendszerébe is besorolható) átalakul webgazdasággá – az adat- és hálózattudomány formálódásban lévő transzverzális szintjén. Ennek a fejlődésnek figyelemreméltó következményei vannak. Az infogazdaság a már megvalósult üzleti modellek és gyakorlatok adaptálását tűzte ki célul, a digitális technológia forradalma által átrendezett térben. A webgazdaság célja azonban olyan új generációs üzleti modellek teremtése, amelyek az értékteremtő folyamatokat hálózati környezetbe terelik.
Modern vagy hagyományos oktatás? Interjú tanárokkal a digitalizálódásról
Authors: Kiszelák Zsófia
Published: January 2017

A magyar oktatás számos problémával küzd, a haladáshoz változás szükséges. A gyerekek igényei megváltoztak, beszippantotta őket a digitális világ. Fontos lenne az oktatásba is bevonni a digitalizált világot. Hogyan és mennyire hatékonyan lehet? Ebben a tanulmányban a fenti kérdésre próbálok választ adni. Három különböző digitális hátterű iskolában dolgozó hét pedagógussal készítettem interjút. Az iskolák felszereltsége eltérő, az „A” iskola egy teljesen modern, okostanteremmel rendelkező intézmény. A „B” iskola kissé elmaradott, míg a „C” iskola átlagos digitális háttérrel rendelkezik. Mindegyik iskolában tartanak interaktív órákat. Ez az egyikben könnyebben, a másikban sokkal nehezebben oldható meg. A különbségek ellenére a meghatározó kérdésekben a pedagógusok egyetértenek, mint például teljesen helyettesíthető-e a hagyományos oktatás a digitálissal, a gyerekek jobban motiválhatók-e az interaktív órákkal, mint a megszokottal?
Az oktatási rendszer kiválasztottjainak vélt értékrendi hierarchiája
Authors: Borza Endre Márk , Puskás Bence László
Published: January 2017

Cikkünkben arra keressük a választ, hogyan választanak példaképeket, miként vélekednek egymásról középiskolák diákjai, és ez milyen kapcsolatban van iskolájuk státuszával. Egy országos keresztmetszeti kérdőív segítségével felmértük középiskolás diákok vélekedését az általunk kutatott kérdésekről. Hipotézisünk szerint a jobb hírnévvel rendelkező, magasabb kompetenciamutatókkal rendelkező diákokat csoportosító középiskolák diákjai nem bírnak számottevően eltérő értékrenddel náluk kevésbé jó hírű középiskolákba járó diáktársaikhoz képest, viszont eltérően vélekednek korosztályuk értékrendjéről országszerte. A pontos hatás vizsgálata érdekében kívánatos, illetve kevésbé kívánatos értékcsoportokat definiálunk. Végül kérdőívünkből nyert, illetve az Oktatási Hivatal kompetenciaméréséből származó adatok alapján erős empirikus bizonyítékot hozunk arra, hogy a középiskolások minél magasabb átlagos kompetenciaszintű diákokat felvevő gimnáziumba járnak, annál kevésbé kívánatos értékrendet társítanak korosztályukhoz országszerte.
Egyszerre gyönyörű, egyszerre fáj. A média és a társadalom komplexitásáról
Authors: Bokor Tamás
Published: January 2017

Recenzió a Replika folyóirat Médiatársadalom című számáról
The effect of physical therapy in the treatment of patients with cervical dystonia with or without concomitant use of botulinum toxin
Authors: Stankovic Ivona , Colovic Hristina , Zivkovic Vesna , Stamenovic Jelena , Stankovic Anita , Zlatanovic Dragan , Zivkovic Danijela , Stankovic Tamara
Published: January 2017

Background/Aim. Botulinum toxin is a basic, recommended method of treatment in controlling cervical dystonia (CD). Physical therapy has limited effect due to the nature of the disease that is a result of a disorder in structures and relationships of the basal ganglia. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of physical therapy applied as monotherapy, or with parallel application of botulinum toxin in patients with CD. Methods. Randomized controlled clinical pilot study included 14 patients diagnosed with idiopathic CD. All patients were initially assessed by using the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) and Torticollis Rating Scale (Tsui scale). In the control group, composed of 5 patients, the treatment included only physical therapy. The experimental group (9 patients) was first given botulinum toxin, and physical therapy was applied after five days. Physical therapy was conducted five times a week in the period of two weeks at the Clinic. Patients of both groups were instructed to continue with the physical therapy at home. The effects of treatment were analyzed after 1, 3 and 6 months using TWSTRS and Tsui scale. Results. At the beginning of the investigation, the differences in TWSTRS and Tsui scale between the groups were not significant. In the control group, after 1 month, significant improvement was achieved in all three parts of the TWSTRS. After 3 and 6 months, the effects of physical therapy were reduced to control levels. In the experimental group, highly significant increase of all parameters of TWSTRS was noted after 1, 3 and 6 months. In the control group, highly significant decrease of changes in Tsui scale was noticed only after one month while in the experimental group, it was maintained after 3 and 6 months. Conclusion. Application of physical therapy provides a significant improvement in disease severity, but the effect is better and of longer duration when combined with the botulinum toxin.
Modeling Accountant Whistleblowing Intentions: Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Fraud Triangle
Authors: Brown J. Owen , Hays Jerry , Stuebs Martin T.
Published: January 2017

Accounting fraud represents a severe threat to the public interest, and whistleblowing remains the most effective fraud discovery mechanism. In this research, we integrate the theory of planned behavior with the fraud triangle to organize prior whistleblowing literature and model the intention of professional accountants to blow the whistle on a material accounting fraud. The results, based on responses from 284 professional organizational accountants, support our theory development and indicate that attitudes and perceptions of control over whistleblowing are positively related to whistleblowing intention. In supplemental analyses, we also find that gender and management level are significantly associated with whistleblowing intent. Our results provide evidence for using our integrated theoretical model to explain and predict the reporting intention of corporate accountants. Findings should aid organizations and regulators seeking to improve corporate ethical culture and aid governance researchers in their understanding of the complex environmental and individual factors impacting whistleblowing intent.
Effect of soybean flour (Glycine max) and its inhibitors enzyme on endogenous protease activity in surimi-like gel elaborated with jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) during the storage at 4°C and 10ºC
Authors: Minor-Pérez Hugo
Published: January 2017

Jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) is a marine product abundant in the Pacific shores of Mexico.  It has high endogenous protease activity that affects gellation process and may to increase its deterioration during storage of muscle mantle fresh or processed.  Enzyme inhibitors from soybean may to contribute to the biological regulation of this endogenous alkaline protease.  Changes in proteolytic activity during the storage at 4ºC and 10ºC were studied in a model system of alkaline enzyme extracts of mantle muscle and enzyme inhibitors extracts.  Surimi-like gel (SLG) elaborated with myofibrillar proteins from muscle mantle and soybean flour was also analyzed.  Significant reduction (P<0.05) of proteolytic activity was observed in model system and SLG for both temperatures.  During storage time lowest values were 14.3 AU/mg (4ºC, 192 h) and 6.90 AU/mg (10ºC, 120 h) with the treatments of 30 mg/mL protein of enzyme inhibitors extracts/70 mg/mL protein of enzyme extracts and 77.80 AU/mg (4ºC, 144 h) and 80 AU/mg (10ºC, 72 h) for SLG elaborated using 50 g soybean flour (dry base) and 50 g myofibrillar protein (wet base).  These results showed feasible to use soybean flour as a source of proteolytic inhibitors in surimi-like gels from jumbo squid during the storage at refrigeration conditions and temperature abuse conditions.
LEITURA, TRADUÇÃO E INTERPRETAÇÃO DE TEXTOS MATEMÁTICOS PARA ALUNOS SURDOS
Authors: Costa Walber Christiano Lima Da , Silveira Marisa Rosâni Abreu da
Published: January 2017

O presente artigo objetiva investigar como ocorre a leitura, tradução e interpretação de textos matemáticos para os alunos surdos. Esses processos são de grande importância para esses alunos obterem êxito na escola, principalmente na aprendizagem da matemática. Uma leitura adequada depende da interpretação de textos matemáticos que precisam ser traduzidos para a linguagem natural dos surdos, a Língua Brasileira de Sinais - Libras. A inclusão efetiva desses alunos na escola depende, entre outros fatores, de estratégias de comunicação estabelecidas pelos professores que incluam o uso de diferentes linguagens, tais como: linguagem matemática, língua portuguesa e Libras. Neste sentido, buscamos analisar esta problemática por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica a partir da filosofia de Wittgenstein e de alguns educadores que se dedicam ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem da matemática, bem como à educação de alunos surdos.
A APRENDIZAGEM BASEADA EM PROJETOS (ABPr) NA CONSTRUÇÃO DE CONCEITOS QUÍMICOS NA POTABILIDADE DA ÁGUA
Authors: Martins Vagner José , Ozaki Salete Kiyoka , Rinaldi Carlos , Do Prado Edman Weverton
Published: January 2017

Um dos grandes desafios encontrados pelos educadores é trazer um significado de ciência para o dia a dia dos estudantes. Nossa experiência tem mostrado que os alunos e alunas estão cada vez menos interessados pelo modelo de ensino tradicional e o resultado é refletido no baixo índice de aprendizagem. A contextualização e a tecnologia combinados com a execução de projetos voltados a temas cotidianos têm se mostrado boas ferramentas para otimizar a construção do aprendizado dos alunos. O presente trabalho objetiva o estudo da eficiência da Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos na análise de parâmetros físico-químicos para a determinação da qualidade da água consumida em escolas públicas de Ensino Médio da cidade de Rondonópolis-MT. O trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, debates, análises experimentais, elaboração de relatórios e discussão dos resultados. Por fim, os resultados foram apresentados à comunidade escolar em uma feira de ciências municipal. A estratégia se mostrou eficiente, otimizando o aprendizado e a interação entre os alunos. A partir dessa iniciativa, os alunos passaram a realizar um monitoramento periódico da qualidade da água consumida na escola, agregando valor social.
A MATEMÁTICA APLICADA NO CURSO DE SERVIÇO DE RESTAURANTE E BAR DO IFCE: EXPLORANDO AS GRANDEZAS E MEDIDAS
Authors: Santos Joelma Nogueira dos , Pereira Ana Carolina Costa
Published: January 2017

O presente trabalho mostra uma ação na disciplina Matemática Aplicada na turma do primeiro semestre do curso técnico de nível médio subsequente em Serviço de Restaurante e Bar (SRB) do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, Campus Camocim. A ação se deu por meio de aulas práticas e com instrumentos de medida ocorrendo em sala de aula e na cozinha do curso localizada no próprio Campus. A ideia era explorar conteúdos do bloco Grandezas e Medidas trabalhando com uma Matemática mais palpável e voltada para a prática dos futuros técnicos, visto que esses profissionais que atuam em áreas, cujo eixo tecnológico é Hospitalidade e Lazer, têm em seu cotidiano de trabalho situações que exigem algumas competências envolvendo o pensamento matemático. A ação gerou uma interação maior dos alunos com a disciplina resultando em um melhor desempenho na aprendizagem da Matemática Aplicada voltada para o curso SRB.
CONSIDERAÇÕES ACERCA DA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES: RELATOS DA EXPERIÊNCIA ENVOLVENDO O PROGRAMA DE LICENCIATURAS INTERNACIONAIS (PLI)
Authors: Matos Rogério da Silva
Published: January 2017

Partindo do pressuposto que a formação inicial do professor é atualmente um dos grandes temas de investigação na área de educação, este trabalho tem como objetivo refletir sobre as expectativas e as experiências vividas por alunos do Campus Universitário do Araguaia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (CUA/UFMT), com relação à formação inicial de professores na Universidade do Porto - Portugal (UP), durante o período de 2012/2014, ao abrigo do Programa de Licenciaturas Internacionais (PLI). A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, ocorreu na perspectiva do método autobiográfico, no qual, os relatos foram obtidos por meio de um questionário enviado para os estudantes. Com isso, foi possível conhecer um pouco sobre a formação inicial do professor na UP, também explicitar as barreiras inerentes ao intercâmbio, bem como refletir sobre as competências adquiridas pelos estudantes durante o intercâmbio.
LA RETENCION DE MEDICOS DE FAMILIA EN ZONAS RURALES EN EL ECUADOR
Authors: Guevara Alicia , Romero Rafael
Published: January 2017

A nivel mundial existe carencia en la distribución de profesionales sanitarios con formación de cuarto nivel entre las zonas urbanas y rurales. Reclutar y retener  médicos de familia que trabajen en zonas rurales, es cada vez más difícil,  por otra parte crecen las poblaciones rurales, se incrementa la  demanda de servicios de salud y disminuye el número de profesionales en estas zonas. Resolver esta problemática es un reto que debe enfrentar el Sistema  de Salud Ecuatoriano, al momento no existen respuestas claras para enfrentar este problema,  constituyéndose en un reto para el  Estado y las Universidades, encontrar estrategias para ofrecer médicos capacitados para las poblaciones rurales y marginales.

El presente estudio pretende conocer la perspectiva de los médicos de familia en el Ecuador sobre los obstáculos percibidos para trabajar en zonas rurales.
EVALUACIÓN DE LA PRIVACIDAD PARA LA REALIZACIÓN DEL PAP EN HOSPITALES RURALES
Authors: Biolatto Leonardo
Published: January 2017

En el Hospital Rural de la localidad de Cholila se realiza una Consulta Popular Permanente sobre la calidad de atención en el nosocomio en el área de salud sexual y reproductiva. Se hallaron muchas mujeres insatisfechas con el grado de privacidad que ellas percibían. La privacidad en la consulta médica es uno de los factores que forjan la confianza entre paciente-equipo de salud, y por lo tanto, se decidió ampliar la investigación en este aspecto. Se contó con una muestra de 231 mujeres. Entre las más jóvenes, la referencia a la falta de privacidad como un problema fue más notable; las menores de 30 años son las más disconformes. Con la privacidad de los datos, en la historia cínica por ejemplo, se percibe la misma tendencia etaria. En cuanto a una práctica específica como el PAP, la mayoría coincide en la importancia de la privacidad del lugar donde se lo realizarán, revelando que pueden decidir no acceder al rastreo, si no se cumplen las condiciones adecuadas de intimidad. Las mejoras en privacidad se vuelven necesarias para que, especialmente las mujeres jóvenes, se acerquen al sistema de salud y optimicen su salud sexual y reproductiva.
DERMATITIS POR PAEDERUS “FUETAZO”, EN ZONAS RURALES DEL ECUADOR
Authors: Troya Carlos , Proaño Charyl , Villavicencio Gabriela , Vásquez Mónica , Herrera Diego
Published: January 2017

Se realizó una investigación bibliográfica de la dermatitis de contacto por Paederus, revisando además la presentación clínica de 33  casos de dermatitis por Paederus, atendidos desde el año 2011 al 2015, que fueron atendidos en el Hospital Pedro Vicente Maldonado del Noroccidente del Pichincha, zona subtropical del bosque húmedo  
MONITOREO LOCAL DE RESISTENCIA A LOS ANTIBIÓTICOS EN ESCHERICHIA COLI EN UNA ZONA RURAL DE ECUADOR: MÁS ALLÁ DEL MODELO BIOMÉDICO
Authors: Troya Carlos , Herrera Diego , Guevara Alicia , Obregón Miguel , Gaus David , Larcos Danny , Sánchez Xavier
Published: January 2017

Objetivo: Analizar los patrones de resistencia a los antibióticos desarrollada por  Escherichia coli en un establecimiento de salud rural,  y revisión de la literatura médica disponible acerca de los factores que influyen en el desarrollo de resistencia antibacteriana.

Pacientes y métodos: Se compararon las mediciones de resistencia a los antibióticos en diferentes grupos de pacientes que acudieron a los servicios de salud de un hospital rural en Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas  – Ecuador durante el primer trimestre de 2015. Se analizaron 161 resultados de cultivos de orina que resultaron positivos para el germen Escherichia coli, así como sus patrones de resistencia.

Resultados: Los antibióticos ante los que E. Coli, desarrollo mayor resistencia fueron cefalotina (34.5%), ampicilina (51.1%), ampicilina-sulbactam (44.8%), ciprofloxacina (34.8%), norfloxacina (41.7%), ácido nalidíxico (41.7%) y cotrimoxazol (46.2%). Además, 10% de los casos presentó un patrón de resistencia de bacterias formadoras de betalactamasas de expectro extendido.

Conclusiones: Se requieren estudios de monitoreo local de resistencia a los antibióticos para la selección racional de los tratamientos. En zonas rurales, las prácticas de zootecnia determinan el desarrollo de resistencia a los antibióticos; y se requiere un enfoque eco-epidemiológico para su comprensión. Se recomienda investigaciones de monitoreo nacional sobre las prácticas tanto médicas como veterinarias para poder controlar de mejor manera el curso de la resistencia.
MANEJO DE MIGRAÑA AGUDA
Authors: Coba V. Pamela
Published: January 2017

El objetivo es evaluar la eficacia analgésica de medicación que tenemos disponible en nuestra unidad de salud por vía parenteral, por lo que nos planteamos en formato PICO (paciente – intervención – comparación – resultados) la siguiente pregunta: ¿En pacientes adultos con episodio de migraña aguda, el uso de ketorolaco vs metoclopramida, que fármaco es más efectivo para controlar el dolor al cabo de una hora de su administración?.
MANEJO DE INTOXICACIÓN POR INHIBIDORES DE LA COLINESTERASA: UNA EXPERIENCIA EN UN HOSPITAL RURAL EN ECUADOR
Authors: Guevara Alicia , Troya Carlos , Gaus David , Herrera Diego , Obregón Miguel
Published: January 2017

Objetivos: Revisamos el  manejo de pacientes intoxicados por plaguicidas en un Hospital de segundo nivel en una zona rural. 

Métodos: Se realizó una revisión epidemiológica de 70 casos de intoxicación por órganos fosforados (OF), atendidos en el periodo 2009 – 2012, en el Hospital Pedro Vicente Maldonado. Los datos se obtuvieron de las historias clínicas contenidas en el Sistema Informático del Hospital. Además se realiza una revisión bibliográfica de la evidencia existente de la intoxicación por órganos fosforados en el mundo.

Resultados: De los 70 casos de intoxicación por OF manejados en el hospital rural, 6 se complicaron, requiriendo transferencia a tercer nivel, dos de estos pacientes fallecieron en tercer nivel.  63 fueron manejados a nivel local. En todos ellos se utilizó exclusivamente atropina como antídoto, sin necesidad de oximas (2-PAM).

Conclusiones: Las intoxicaciones por órganos fosforados, se presentan con mayor frecuencia, en zonas rurales y la mayoría de los casos deben ser manejados en segundo nivel.   Este estudio sugiere que, con pocos fármacos y con recurso humano capacitado, esta  patología, muchas veces mortal, debe ser parte de la formación médica rural.  Como políticas de salud, países en vías de desarrollo, deben considerar limitar el acceso a ciertos tipos de productos agrícolas.
Autonomic nervous system activity in purebred Arabian horses evaluated according to the low frequency and high frequency spectrum versus racing performance
Authors: Janczarek Iwona , Kędzierski Witold , Stachurska Anna , Wilk Izabela , Kolstrung Ryszard , Strzelec Katarzyna
Published: January 2017

Emotional excitability influences horses’ performance in sports and races. The aim of the study was to analyse whether the balance of the autonomic system which can occur when sympathetic system activity is at various levels might impact the horses’ racing performance. The study was carried out on 67 purebred Arabian horses trained for racing. The following indices were analysed: low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and the ratio of spectrum power at low frequencies to high frequencies (LF/HF). The autonomic nervous system activity was measured × 3 during the training season, at three-month intervals. Each examination included a 30-min measurement at rest and after a training session. The racing performance indices in these horses were also analysed. Better racing results were found in horses with enhanced LF/HF. The worst racing results were determined in horses with low LF.
Effect of parenteral selenium administration on oxidative status of weaned piglets
Authors: Svoboda Martin , Fajt Zdeněk , Vašek Jan , Vaňhara Jonáš , Hostovský Martin , Blahová Jana , Franc Aleš
Published: January 2017

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of additional selenium injection after weaning on the selenium (Se) status of piglets and to find whether the selected dose would be appropriate with respect to the level of oxidative stress. Another goal was to compare the efficacy and safety of sodium selenite and selenopyran as selenium sources for parenteral administration to piglets. Altogether 30 piglets were divided equally into three groups. Piglets in group 1 were injected i.m. with sodium selenite, piglets in group 2 were injected with selenopyran. The dose was 0.42 mg Se/kg body weight for both groups. Piglets in group 3 were given only saline. As expected, the study revealed low Se serum concentrations in weaned piglets. The injection of sodium selenite increased Se serum concentrations but did not have a positive effect on the peroxidase activities. Administration of selenopyran did not influence Se concentrations and gluthation peroxidase activities. The selected dose did not have a significant impact on the level of the oxidative stress. The piglets receiving Se only from the feed achieved comparable gluthation peroxidase activities during the trial. It seems that despite initially low Se concentrations, the physiological requirements for gluthation peroxidase synthesis were met with the feed consumption as the only Se source. The results of the study are important because until now it was unclear whether the selected dose would have negative effects on the organism with respect to the induction of oxidative stress in piglets.
Effects of the origin and caponisation on carcass and meat traits in cockerels and capons aged 18 weeks
Authors: Adamski Marek , Kuźniacka Joanna , Banaszak Mirosław
Published: January 2017

The aim of the present research was to evaluate the effect of the origin and caponisation on selected slaughter traits and quality indicators of meat in cockerels and capons of strains N88 (New Hampshire), R55 (Rhode Island Red), S11 (Sussex), and P55 (Plymouth Rock). The slaughter yield, breast muscle weight, percentage share of muscles in total in the carcasses, and fatness in general did not differ between the cockerels and capons within the evaluated strains. The trait that mostly distinguished cockerels from capons of strain N88 was the weight of leg muscles. Similarly, the fat content of carcasses expressed with the weight and percentage share of the skin with subcutaneous fat and abdominal fat did not differ between the evaluated groups of cockerels and capons. However, the weight of the leg muscles varied depending on the origin of cockerels and capons. As for the physiochemical properties of meat as well as its chemical composition, no significant differences were recorded in 18-week-old birds. The only obvious effect of the origin and caponisation was found on varied contents of fat in breast muscles in cockerels of strains N88 and P55, and capons of strain P55.
Understanding the sexuality and sexual health of Muslim young people in Canada and other Western countries: A scoping review of research literature
Authors: Wong Josephine Pui-Hing , Macpherson Fraser , Vahabi Mandana , Li Alan
Published: January 2017

Muslim communities comprise one of the fastest growing populations in Canada and other Western countries. Healthcare providers and educators point to the lack of relevant and inclusive sexual health information as a major barrier in promoting Muslim young people's sexual health. Since evidence-based knowledge is critical to the development of relevant sexual health resources, we undertook a scoping review of primary and secondary research literature on sexuality and sexual health of Muslim young people. For the purpose of identifying relevant literature, we include studies of youth and young adults aged 12 to 30. We searched nine electronic databases encompassing multiple disciplines to identify recent peer-reviewed journal articles and grey literature published in English between 2005 and 2015. The search yielded 1187 articles; 306 duplicated articles were removed; 859 did not meet the inclusion criteria of Muslim young people and sexuality or sexual health; and a total of 22 articles were included in this review. This paper reports on the major themes identified through the review: (1) sexual health knowledge and perspectives on sex education; (2) socialization and conflicting values about sexuality; (3) gender, risks and sexual practices; and (4) sexual health information and service needs. We conclude that the lack of research on sexuality and sexual health of Muslim young people poses a challenge for policy-makers, service providers, sex educators and other stakeholders to gain sufficient understanding to guide the development of effective and inclusive sexual health programming for Muslim young people in Canada and other Western countries.
Confirmation of tensile residual stress reduction in electron beam welding using low transformation temperature materials (LTT) as localized metallurgical injection – Part 1: Metallographic analysis
Authors: Gach Stefan , Schwedt Alexander , Olschok Simon , Reisgen Uwe , Mayer Joachim
Published: January 2017

For the reduction of the distortion and the residual tensile stresses in welded seams on carbon manganese steels, low transformation temperature materials (LTT) were developed. These materials use the volume expansion effect during martensitic transformation. The volume expansion counteracts volume shrinkage during cooling. The positive effects of the low transformation temperature alloys on the residual tensile stresses were demonstrated in various investigations. The low transformation temperature materials were, so far, used as filler material in arc welding processes in large volumes. The use of modular thermal fields of the electron beam welding processes offers the potential of a temporally activated use of compressive stress induction by phase transformation of the low transformation temperature alloys. The aim is to exert influence in situ on the welding residual stress state and thus on the distortion of complex parts. The metallographic analysis of an electron beam welded seam in unalloyed steel with low transformation temperature filler material is demonstrated. The evaluation is made via electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and is shown in the first part. The second part will show the effect on near surface residual stresses examined by hole-drilling method in combination with an optical evaluation by electronic speckle pattern interferometry.
Comparative characterization of quasi-static and cyclic deformation behavior of glass fiber-reinforced polyurethane (GFR-PU) and epoxy (GFR-EP)
Authors: Huelsbusch Daniel , Jamrozy Michael , Frieling Gerrit , Mueller Yves , Barandun Gion A. , Niedermeier Michael , Walther Frank
Published: January 2017

Glass fiber-reinforced polymers (GFRP) are highly suitable for use in transportation industry in order to achieve the targets of energy and resource efficiency. In this context, due to its high specific strength, GFR-epoxy (GFR-EP) has already been implemented in a wide range of applications. However, in cases of energy efficiency and damage tolerance, GFR-EP shows disadvantages compared to GFR-polyurethane (GFR-PU). The aim of this study is the comparative characterization of the quasi-static and cyclic deformation behavior of GFR-PU and GFR-EP with similar layer setup. The mechanical properties have been investigated in instrumented tensile, interlaminar shear strength and compression after impact tests. In addition, the tests were combined with varying temperatures (−30 °C, RT, +70 °C) with respect to aerospace applications to determine the material property development under low and elevated temperatures. In cyclic investigations, the fatigue properties have been estimated by resource-efficient multiple step tests and validated in constant amplitude tests. Hysteresis and temperature measurements were applied in order to investigate the damage processes. It could be shown that polyurethane exhibits improved damage tolerance by significantly reducing delamination area under impact loading, whereas epoxy leads to optimized properties under elevated temperature. Furthermore, epoxy generally underlines higher capabilities under cyclic loading, which is due to void content of polyurethane.
Production- and microstructure-based fatigue assessment of metallic AISI 304/430 multilayer materials produced by hot pack rolling
Authors: Schmiedt Anke , Luecker Lukas , Kolesnikov Alexander G. , Plokhikh Andrew , Walther Frank
Published: January 2017

Metallic multilayer materials consisting of hundreds or thousands of layers offer a high potential for broad applications in modern technology. A uniform and gradual thinning of layers can be realized by using alloys with different crystal structures in combination with the efficient and high-performance technology of hot pack rolling. However, investigations on fatigue properties, especially to evaluate the influence of the number of layers, are still missing. In the present study, the fatigue behavior of metallic multilayer materials consisting of austenitic and ferritic stainless steels AISI 304 and AISI 430 with 100 and 1400 layers are characterized by applying a time-efficient load increase procedure. Therefore, instrumented stepwise load increase tests were performed to define suitable loading parameters for a convenient comparison of fatigue properties in constant amplitude tests. A benefit of the complex production process leading to 1400 layers was verified concerning the investigated load level in the range of low cycle fatigue with a significant improvement by the factor of 3.5. The alternating current potential drop method for measurements of change in voltage was determined to be most suitable to detect microstructural changes at an early state of fatigue damage for multilayer materials. Microstructures as well as fractured surfaces were investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the results of the two technological manufacturing routes as well as the crack and failure behavior.
Numerical and experimental investigations on shot-peened high-strength steel by means of hole drilling, X-ray, synchrotron and neutron diffraction analysis
Authors: Farajian Majid , Hardenacke Volker , Pfeiffer Wulf , Klaus Manuela , Kornmeier Joana Rebelo
Published: January 2017

Numerous experimental works have been devoted to studying the influence of different shot peening parameters on the surface material conditions in different metals in the last decades. Most of the research work has been focused on experimental determination of the residual stress and its depth profile by means of X-ray diffraction and corresponding electro-polishing of the surface layers or byhole drilling method. This state of knowledge has led to the development of phenomenological models to describe the surface material conditions qualitatively. Since there are quite a number of parameters, which could influence the residual stress field after shot peening, covering the whole possible process parameters combinations with the purpose of experimentally determining the residual stress profiles could be difficult. A deeper insight into the residual stress states after shot peening could be possible on the basis of sound physical principles by means of numerical approaches. In this study, shot peening of high strength steel S690QL has been modeled and simulated. The results have been compared with the residual stress depth profiles determined by X-ray, synchrotron, neutron diffraction and hole drilling method.
A study on the wall thickness in the angular deep drawing process
Authors: Ünal Engin , Özek Cebeli
Published: January 2017

The aim of this paper is the modeling and the corresponding experimental validation of angular deep drawing parameters on the tensile strength, wall thickness and height of the square profile cups. The full factorial experimental method was used to collect the data. FE analysis results were compared with experimental measurements. As a consequence, it was observed that angular deep drawing dies gave better results with different angle values than conventional dies with higher drawing ratios. In general, the product quality increased by an increase of the die/blank holder angle. FEM model results were in good agreement with experimental measurements.
Liquid Metal Assisted Crack Formation in Zinc Melts, Representation of the Damage Pattern Using 3D Computed Tomography
Authors: Körber D. , Hoche H. , Oechsner M.
Published: January 2017

In the past, liquid metal induced galvanizing cracks were either analyzed on the metallographic section in the respective partially ground plane of view, or the exposed main fracture surface was examined in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Thus, possibly existing secondary cracks remained undetected. Three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) allows for a representation of all cracks including their branchings and ramifications and makes possible an analysis of an overall picture of the network of cracks. Differences in the effect of different zinc melts can be further identified by means of 3D analysis and the load situations that promote the crack initiation during hot-dip galvanizing can be differentiated more clearly using laboratory samples. Key results are the representation of cracks parallel to the direction of the main load (B-cracks) which are oriented with the pearlite bands and apparently penetrate significantly deeper into the base material than the macroscopically visible crack which is orientated perpendicular to the direction of the main load (A-crack). A relationship between the occurrence of B-cracks and the used zinc alloys could only conditionally be shown. Examinations on flat samples, which had been dipped into various metal melts under load-free condition, yielded more or less comparable results, in particular for molten pure tin and molten pure lead. In this case, the pearlite phase is preferentially damaged even without introducing an external load into the samples.
Examinations of a Bronze Ingot Made of Fahlore
Authors: Haubner R. , Ertl F. , Strobl S.
Published: January 2017

In Europe, the metallurgy of copper has been a tradition for thousands of years, which is also testified by relevant artifacts that can be found. A copper ingot of unknown origin was made available for the examinations. The surface of the ingot was characterized by a deposit of corrosion products from malachite and cuprite which could also be observed in cavities. XRF measurements resulted in Cu as the main component, up to 4 wt. % As, and 2.5 wt. % S, as well as smaller quantities of Sb, Ni, Fe, and Ag. This composition suggests the production from fahlores. A typical cast structure with copper dendritic areas and concentrations of the accompanying elements in the interdendritic areas could be observed. Delafossite crystals (Cu3Ni2SbO6) were verified on the ingot's top side (melt in contact with the air). The ingot is thus composed of an As bronze with a complex microstructure consisting of solid solutions, intermetallic phases, and sulfides.
Zika Virus Infection: An Ongoing Global Ferocity
Authors: Ahmed Iftikhar
Published: January 2017

Abstract not availableJ Enam Med Col 2017; 7(1): 4-5
Seroprevalence of Anti-HCV Antibody in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease before Starting Dialysis Therapy
Authors: Rabbi Fareha Jesmin , Fatema Kaniz , Alam Md Morshed
Published: January 2017

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and chronic kidney disease are common and potentially serious medical problems throughout the world. In recent years, it has become clear that these two conditions are linked in several important ways. Indeed, some forms of renal diseases are precipitated by HCV infection and patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are at increased risk for acquiring HCV infection. Patients with chronic kidney disease typically show an impaired immune response compared with healthy individuals and also other risk factors related with treatment and management. CKD patients ultimately undergo end stage renal therapy like dialysis for their treatment and survival. Risk factors for the infections are more in dialysis period than in predialytic stages. Like other developing countries CKD patients with HCV infection are very common in our country. For this reason the CKD patients should be properly diagnosed knowing the infection status before dialysis which would help both the patient and doctor to choose their proper treatment approach.Objective: This cross-sectional study was done to know the prevalence of HCV infection in the CKD patients before starting dialysis therapy.Materials and Methods: A total of 197 patients with chronic kidney disease stage five (CKD-V) before starting dialysis therapy were included as subjects of this study. Among the CKD patients anti-HCV was detected to see prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection. The patients were also tested for HBsAg to assess co-infection. After collecting all the data of different test results analyses were done by SPSS version 15.0.Results: In this study 195 (99%) patients were anti-HCV negative and only two patients (1%) were found positive.Conclusion: HCV infection in CKD patients before dialysis should be taken into account so that HCV negative CKD patients would not get the infection during dialysis and standard screening procedures should be taken to prevent transmission of infection.J Enam Med Col 2017; 7(1): 20-24
A 25-Year-Old Pregnant Lady with Heart Disease
Authors: Khatun Jamila
Published: January 2017

Cardiac disease in pregnancy is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Rheumatic heart disease and congenital heart disease are the commonest cardiac problems in our country. Here we report a 25-year-old lady who presented with 36 weeks of pregnancy with severe mitral stenosis with grade II mitral regurgitation and pulmonary hypertension. With combined treatment of cardiologist and obstetrician the patient delivered a healthy baby without any complication. She was discharged on 7th postnatal day with satisfactory condition.J Enam Med Col 2017; 7(1): 42-43
Late Presentations of Cancer in Kashmir, India
Authors: Mustafa Syed Arshad , Mir Abdul Waheed , Banday Saquib Zaffar , Rasool Malik Tariq
Published: January 2017

Abstract not availableJ Enam Med Col 2017; 7(1): 44-49
College News 7(1)
Authors: Khan Md Aminul Haque , Parvin Rukhsana
Published: January 2017

Abstract not availableJ Enam Med Col 2017; 7(1): 50-51
Reviewers in this Issue 7(1)
Authors: Editor -
Published: January 2017

Abstract not availableJ Enam Med Col 2017; 7(1): 52