bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mediators of necroptosis: from cell death to metabolic regulation
Authors: Wu Xiaoqin , Nagy Laura E , Gautheron Jérémie
Published: January 2024

Necroptosis, a programmed cell death mechanism distinct from apoptosis, has garnered attention for its role in various pathological conditions. While initially recognized for its involvement in cell death, recent research has revealed that key necroptotic mediators, including receptor-interacting protein kinases (RIPKs) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), possess additional functions that go beyond inducing cell demise. These functions encompass influencing critical aspects of metabolic regulation, such as energy metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and lipid metabolism. Dysregulated necroptosis has been implicated in metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), contributing to chronic inflammation and tissue damage. This review provides insight into the multifaceted role of necroptosis, encompassing both cell death and these extra-necroptotic functions, in the context of metabolic diseases. Understanding this intricate interplay is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies in diseases that currently lack effective treatments.
Non-noble metal single-atoms for oxygen electrocatalysis in rechargeable zinc–air batteries: recent developments and future perspectives
Authors: Li Le , Xu Jixing , Zhu Qianyi , Meng Xiangjun , Xu Hongliang , Han Meijun
Published: January 2024

A comprehensive review by summarizing the fundamental concepts in the field of ZABs and the recent advances in the reported NBM SACs is organized.
Novel Sm3+-doped La3Ga5MO14 (M = Si or Ge) phosphors for indoor illumination: effects of M cations on photoluminescence
Authors: Li Xiaohua , Ding Jina , Tang Zhuo , Lin Xinyi , Dong Huan , Wu Anhua , Jiang Linwen
Published: January 2024

A series of La3(1−x)Ga5MO14:xSm3+ (M = Si or Ge) orange-red phosphors with high color purity, low correlated color temperature, and good thermal stability were successfully synthesized via a high-temperature solid-phase technique.
Oxide ion dynamics in hexagonal perovskite mixed conductor Ba7Nb4MoO20: a comprehensive ab initio molecular dynamics study
Authors: Schwaighofer Bettina , Appel Markus , Gonzalez Miguel Angel , Evans Ivana Radosavljevic
Published: January 2024

This computational study of oxide ion dynamics in Ba7Nb4MoO20 revealed a significant contribution of out-of-plane dynamics to long-range diffusion. Based on this atomic-level understanding of the structure-property relationship, we propose new materials design strategies.
Structurally different chemical chaperones show similar mechanical roles with independent molecular mechanisms
Authors: Chaudhuri Deep , Chowdhury Debojyoti , Chakraborty Soham , Bhatt Madhu , Chowdhury Rudranil , Dutta Aakashdeep , Mistry Ayush , Haldar Shubhasis
Published: January 2024

Osmolytes are well known to protect the protein structure against different chemical and physical denaturants.
Broadening spectral responses and achieving environmental stability in SnS2/Ag-NPs/HfO2 flexible phototransistors
Authors: Khan Muhammad Farooq , Sadaqat Sana , Khan Muhammad Asghar , Rehman Shania , Subhani Waqas Siddique , Ouladsmane Mohamed , Rehman Malik Abdul , Ali Fida , Lipsanen Harri , Sun Zhipei , Eom Jonghwa , Ahmed Faisal
Published: January 2024

The decoration of Ag-NPs and passivation with HfO2 provide a simple route to realize broadband and stable photoactivity in SnS2 photodetectors.
Continuous production of bimetallic nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes based on 3D-printed microfluidics
Authors: Liu Bo , Jin Jing , Ran Bin , Chen Chaozhan , Li Jiaqian , Qin Ning , Zhu Yonggang
Published: January 2024

We propose a novel method for high-yield and continuous production of Pt-Pd NPs on MWCNTs based on 3D-printed microfluidics. Well-controlled nanocomposites show excellent electrocatalytic activity in H2O2, superior to those prepared in batch methods.
Phosphate-based polyanionic insertion materials for oxygen electrocatalysis
Authors: Gond Ritambhara , Zhu Jiefang , Barpanda Prabeer
Published: January 2024

Electrocatalyst-based technologies: alkali metal–air batteries, fuel cells, and water splitting devices are the new holy grail in the next-generation energy storage landscape as they deliver higher energy densities than Li+/Na+ batteries (LIBs/SIBs).
Water co-catalysis in aerobic olefin epoxidation mediated by ruthenium oxo complexes
Authors: Cao Qun , Diefenbach Martin , Maguire Calum , Krewald Vera , Muldoon Mark J. , Hintermair Ulrich
Published: January 2024

A versatile Ru-porphyrin catalyst system was developed for the mild and selective aerobic epoxidation of alkenes in which water was shown to play a key role as corroborated by detailed mechanistic studies.
Synthesis and reactivity of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-supported heavier nitrile ylides
Authors: Sarkar Debotra , Dutta Sayan , Hanusch Franziska , Koley Debasis , Inoue Shigeyoshi
Published: January 2024

An NHC-stabilized heavier nitrile ylide activates white phosphorus, undergoing inorganic Huisgen-type [3 + 2] cycloaddition to form a unique heterocycle with four heteroatoms from groups 14, 15, and 16.
Optimal face-to-face coupling for fast self-folding kirigami
Authors: Pecnik Bambic Maks , Araújo Nuno A. M. , Walker Benjamin J. , Hewitt Duncan R. , Pei Qing Xiang , Ni Ran , Volpe Giorgio
Published: January 2024

We show the potential for improvement of the folding dynamics of two-level kirigami structures by optimizing the naturally occurring hydrodynamic coupling between the levels.
Worm-globule transition of amphiphilic pH-responsive heterografted bottlebrushes at air–water interface
Authors: Kelly Michael T. , Zhao Bin
Published: January 2024

Heterografted bottlebrushes with hydrophobic and tertiary amine-containing side chains exhibit compression-induced worm-to-globule transitions on the water surface at acidic and basic pH when the mole fraction of tertiary amine side chains is <0.5.
Electrocatalytic hydrogenation coupling oxidation using water in a highly efficient paired cell enabled by an oxygen defect-rich layered double hydroxide
Authors: Ren Jing , Wang Jikang , Li Zixian , Ning Chenjun , Cao Wenjing , Li Shaoquan , Waterhouse Geoffrey I. N. , Zheng Lirong , O'Hare Dermot , Zhao Yufei
Published: January 2024

The wider use of oxygen defect-rich LDHs in green chemical synthesis with water as a hydrogen/oxygen source.
Regulating the evaporation surface architecture of anisotropic chitosan hydrogels for high-efficiency solar desalination
Authors: Wang Yuankun , Wu Defeng
Published: January 2024

Sufficient water supply and evaporation interfaces are vital for hydrogels as solar evaporators, which require ingenious structural design, from the networks and porous structure inside the bulk to the surface morphology outside the hydrogel.
Adsorptive molecular sieving of aromatic hydrocarbons over cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons via an intrinsic/extrinsic approach
Authors: Zhang Gengwu , Zhu Xuanfu , Alimi Lukman O. , Liu Xin , Chen Aiping , Moosa Basem M. , Khashab Niveen M.
Published: January 2024

An efficient adsorptive molecular sieving strategy to separate aromatic and cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons via an intrinsic/extrinsic approach.
Strategies to construct conductive structures of polymer-based electromagnetic wave attenuation composites
Authors: Jiang Wenhong , Jiang Dawei , Huang Yudong , Jiang Bo
Published: January 2024

Varied structure design and preparation approaches of polymer-based composites for electromagnetic wave attenuation.
Coupling of a thermal and electrochemical activated Ni nanothorn array electrode for highly robust hydrogen generation
Authors: Feng Zhuo , Nairan Adeela , Song Zhirong , Khan Usman , Gao Junkuo
Published: January 2024

Formation of a well-controlled Ni nanothorn geometry nanoarray-based electrode for thermally active hydrogen evolution reaction at high current density.
Sulfur-doped cobalt molybdenum oxide with a hydrangea-like structure for bi-functionally efficient overall water splitting
Authors: Dong Jie , Chen Saiyi , Lv Cuncai , Humphrey Mark G. , Zhang Chi , Huang Zhipeng
Published: January 2024

Sulfur-doped cobalt molybdenum oxide with a hydrangea-like structure shows outstanding electrocatalytic performance for bi-functionally efficient water splitting.
Three-dimensional porous NiCoP foam enabled high-performance overall seawater splitting at high current density
Authors: He Li , Cai Zhengwei , Zheng Dongdong , Ouyang Ling , He Xun , Chen Jie , Li Ye , Guo Xiankun , Liu Qian , Li Luming , Chu Wei , Zhu Shuyun , Sun Xuping , Tang Bo
Published: January 2024

Three-dimensional porous NiCoP foam supported on Ni foam is a superb bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall seawater splitting, attaining a large current density of 1000 mA cm−2 at a low cell voltage of 1.97 V with robust stability over 300 hours.
Revealing the essential effect mechanism of carbon nanotubes on the thermal conductivity of graphene film
Authors: Xing Yu-Ze , Li Meng , Jia Hui , Xie Li-Jing , Liu Dong , Wang Zheng , Tao Ze-Chao , Tong Ye-Long , Kong Qing-Qiang , Chen Cheng-Meng
Published: January 2024

The addition of CNTs leads to the formation of covalent bonds, defects, lattice distortion and phonon energy localization. The introduction of CNTs reduces the IP-TC and the elastic modulus of graphene films, while it increases the OP-TC.
Revisiting instrument segmentation: Learning from decentralized surgical sequences with various imperfect annotations
Authors: Zheng Zhou , Hayashi Yuichiro , Oda Masahiro , Kitasaka Takayuki , Mori Kensaku
Published: January 2024

This paper focuses on a new and challenging problem related to instrument segmentation. This paper aims to learn a generalizable model from distributed datasets with various imperfect annotations. Collecting a large‐scale dataset for centralized learning is usually impeded due to data silos and privacy issues. Besides, local clients, such as hospitals or medical institutes, may hold datasets with diverse and imperfect annotations. These datasets can include scarce annotations (many samples are unlabelled), noisy labels prone to errors, and scribble annotations with less precision. Federated learning (FL) has emerged as an attractive paradigm for developing global models with these locally distributed datasets. However, its potential in instrument segmentation has yet to be fully investigated. Moreover, the problem of learning from various imperfect annotations in an FL setup is rarely studied, even though it presents a more practical and beneficial scenario. This work rethinks instrument segmentation in such a setting and propose a practical FL framework for this issue. Notably, this approach surpassed centralized learning under various imperfect annotation settings. This method established a foundational benchmark, and future work can build upon it by considering each client owning various annotations and aligning closer with real‐world complexities.
Active galactic nuclei and gravitational redshifts
Authors: Padilla N. , Carneiro S. , Chaves-Montero J. , Donzelli C. J. , Pigozzo C. , Colazo P. , Alcaniz J. S.
Published: January 2024

Context. Gravitational redshift is a classical effect of General Relativity. It has been measured in stars, quasars, and clusters of galaxies.

Aims. We identify the signature of gravitational redshift in the emission lines of active galaxies that is caused by supermassive black holes and compare this signature to what is found for inactive galaxies.

Methods. Using the virial theorem, we estimated gravitational redshifts for quasars from the 14th data release (DR14) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and compared them with measured gravitational redshifts from the difference between the redshifts of emission lines of Sydney Australian Astronomical Observatory Multi-object Integral Field (SAMI) galaxies in the central and outer annuli of their integral field spectra.

Results. Firstly, from the full width at half maximum of Hβ lines of 57 Seyfert type I galaxies of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) Black Hole Mass Database, we derive a median gravitational redshift zg = 1.18 × 10−4. Expanding this analysis to 86 755 quasars from DR14 of SDSS, we have a median value zg = 1.52 × 10−4. Then, by comparing the redshifts of 34 lines measured in the central and outer regions of low-ionization nuclear emission-line region galaxies in the SAMI survey, we obtain zg = (0.68 ± 0.09)×10−4, which increases to zg = (1.0 ± 0.1)×10−4 for the Hα and Hβ lines. These numbers are compatible with central black holes of ∼109 solar masses and broad line regions of ∼1 pc. For non-AGN galaxies, the gravitational redshift is compatible with zero.
Antibiotic Susceptibility of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Cow, Goat, Donkey, Buffalo, Sheep, Camel and Human Milk
Authors: Yilmaz Nurten , Ala A. Samet , Göncü Serap , Zülkadir Uğur , Barutçu Adnan , Anitaş Özgül
Published: January 2024

Breast milk is a very important factor in regulating gastrointestinal function, improving the immune system and preventing acute illnesses (e.g. acute otitis media), especially during breastfeeding. Breast milk allows beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacillus species to colonise the newborn intestin*e instead of potential enteropathogenic bacteria such as streptococci and escherichia coli. The aim of the study was to compare the antibiotic resistance of Lactic acid bacteria members isolated from different milk samples. Six milk samples were collected from each of seven different milk sources (donkey, goat, cow, buffalo, sheep, camel and human). The MRS and M-17 medium were used with the double layer sandwich method for isolation of LAB members selected from typic colonies, gram-positive, catalase-negative used in the study. The isolated 42 LAB species were determined antibiotic susceptibility with 9 standart antibiotic discs such as tetracycline, penicillin, kanamycin, streptomycin, rifampin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, teicoplanin, ciprofloxacin by agar disc diffusion assay test. The 18 LAB isolate were resistant to penicillin, 16 isolate to kanamycin, 14 isolate to gentamicin. LAB isolates such as H1, H4, H5 from Human milk and LAB isolate such as D1 from donkey milk was considered as MDR isolates because they were resistant to at least four of the tested drugs. Among the milks, sheep, camel, buffalo and goat milks were found to be more sensitive to antibiotics on average in the group.
Spectroscopy and machine learning in food processing survey
Authors: Mengstu Mahtem , Taner Alper , Duran Hüseyin
Published: January 2024

For food safety, quality control from the foodstuff production to the tasting of foods is needed and should be simple and non-destructive. Recent and notable non-destructive measurements of food and agricultural products are based on optical and spectroscopic techniques. Spectroscopy, meets the requirements of industrial applications for continuous quality control and process monitoring. Hence, this article covers a survey of recent research works, highlighting the application of spectroscopy and machine learning in food processing from bibliographic database. The survey was based on relevant articles, obtained from scientific database and evaluated selected research works based on survey inquires, the assessment included food processing problem addressed (varieties classification, origin identification, adulteration and quality control), types of spectroscopy used, machine learning models applied to solve the particular problem and keyword analysis to show the perspective of the research.
Effect of moringa oleifera utilization on meat quality in japanese quails
Authors: Boga Yunus Emre , Kursun Kadriye , Abdallah Nasır , Baylan Mikail
Published: January 2024

Moringa oleifera, with its many parts, is a plant rich in nutrients such as protein, fiber, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Many studies on Moringa Oleifera have been conducted to examine the effects of moringa added to the ration on performance and welfare parameters, but studies on the effects on meat quality have been limited. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Moringa Oleifera utilization on meat quality in Japanese quail diets. In the study, no moringa powder was added to the ration in the control group, 2% moringa powder was added to the ration in Moringa-1 group, 4% moringa powder was added to the ration in Moringa-2 group and 6% moringa powder was added to the ration in Moringa-3 group. Texture Profile Analysis (TPA) was performed to determine meat quality. TPA analysis, which gives information about the textural properties of meat; variables related to hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness and resilience were analyzed. When the effects of the addition of Moringa oleifera powder to the ration on meat quality between the groups were examined, it was determined that hardness 0.69 springiness 0.09 cohesiveness 0,73 gumminess 0.83 chewiness 0.81 and resilience values were 0.36. As a result of the statistical analysis, the variables related to TPA were found to be insignificant at 0.05 level of significance, although the values found between group were different(P>0.05). As a result, the addition of Moringa oleifera powder to the ration between 2% and 6% had no effect on meat quality.
Evaluation Possibilities of Different Parts of Pomegranate, a Historical Fruit and Its Effects on Health
Authors: Polat Yakup , Çelik Ferit , Kafkas Nesibe Ebru
Published: January 2024

Today, with the faster development of science and technology, people have started to pay more attention to healthy living and consuming foods that are beneficial for human health. In this context, the value given to fruit species has become increasingly important and the importance of plants whose seeds are consumed has increased, as well as colourful fruits and vegetables. Pomegranate is a fruit grown in many countries in the world, especially in the Mediterranean climate, and its economic value has been increasing in recent years. This fruit has gained great nutritional importance not only because of its flavour but also because it contains many antioxidant substances and phenolic compounds that are beneficial to human health. There are nearly fifty pomegranate varieties registered in our country. These pomegranate varieties range from sweet to sour, from small-in size to large in size, and from hard-seeded to soft-seeded in terms of skin colour and fruit colour. In recent years, the use of pomegranate parts such as peel, seeds, and flowers in cosmetics and food industry has become widespread and studies on the antioxidant properties of different parts of pomegranate have attracted interest. The aim of this review is to investigate the health effects of pomegranate fruit, different parts of pomegranate, and products made from pomegranate.
Analysis of the state of mechanized sowing of rice in seedlings
Authors: Alimova Feruza , Saidova Mukhayyokhon , Boboniyozov Ergash , Mirzayev Beknur
Published: January 2024

This article presents a brief analysis of the state of rice cultivation, the main advantages and disadvantages of seedling rice planting, analyzes the prospects for rice cultivation and mechanization of this process in Uzbekistan. Measures are indicated to fully meet the needs of the population in this product and reduce imports in Uzbekistan by giving special attention to the placement of varieties adapted to soil and climatic conditions with high-quality grain and high yields, the development and implementation of highly efficient resource-saving agricultural technologies in their cultivation. The factors influencing the decline in the efficiency of rice growing for the Central Asian region are analyzed. The purpose of the use of technical means for planting rice in seedlings is substantiated. The technical characteristics are presented a comparative analysis of the technological process, the main design advantages and disadvantages of machines for planting rice is made. Data on the physical and mechanical properties of soils used for rice crops, as well as on the main varieties of rice grown in the region are presented. After analyzing the agro-technical requirements for sowing rice in seedlings, a technical solution that improves the technological process of transplanting machines of the PA-600D-R and RF-455 brands (Korea) is proposed. The results of research on the development of the design of a planting device with optimal parameters and the possibility of using it for planting rice in seedlings for the soil and climatic conditions of Uzbekistan are presented. A mathematical model of the machine is built and its optimal values have been determined. Using special programs such as Compass 3D, 3D Max, MS Word, MS Excel and a number of other programs, 3D and 2D models of parts of the rice planter planting device were prepared. The analysis and results of the studies carried out will allow using the obtained data in improving the design of the planting device. The use of a machine equipped with such devices when sowing rice in seedlings will significantly reduce the consumption of seeds, irrigation water, shorten the growing season, reduce crop weeds and, as a result, increase grain yield.
Justification of commercialization of export-oriented harvesting apparatus for intensive processing of cotton boxes
Authors: Djiyanov Ma’oruf , Xalilov Raxmonberdi , Isakova Farida
Published: January 2024

In the conditions of operation of cotton harvesters with apparatus a two-time bush processing, such agrotechnical indicators as the loss of raw cotton and the dependence of the completeness of its collection on the degree of ripening of the crop do not meet the requirements of state standards. With a single pass of the machine, the completeness of cotton harvesting ranges from 75-83%, losses on bushes reach 15-10%, and with a two-time bush harvest – respectively 78-86% and 12-7%. In high-yielding fields (40 kg / ha and more), these indicators are too greatly deteriorating. The low cotton harvest and its high losses are largely explained by the high sensitivity of such apparats to the readiness plants of cotton plants and the agrophone of the cotton field for machine harvesting, the extensive nature of the processing of the opened boxes and the insufficient duration of the time the interaction of the latter with the working organs of the apparatus. One of the ways to intensify the impact of the working organs on the opened boxes and increase the time of interaction of the latter in the technological cycle working of the apparatus is to increase the multiplicity of processing cotton boxes. Therefore, the development of design documentation, the manufacture of industrial samples, trialing, preparation for commercialization and the organization of serial production of a cotton harvesting apparatus for intensive processing of cotton boxes (IPCB) is an important innovative task.
Analysis of cow sweat volatile chemical compounds in gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) device and their importance in heat detection
Authors: Anitaş Özgül , Göncü Serap
Published: January 2024

Detection of estrus is very important for the profitability of dairy cattle. Because one of the main goals of cattle breeding is for each cow to give birth to a healthy calf a year. The correct determination of the artificial insemination time to be applied to the animals by the enterprise is related to the correct determination of the animal’s estrus period. Knowing the signs of estrus that are specific to the estrus period of animals is very important in early and accurate detection of estrus. There are many methods for detecting estrus. One of the alternative methods to the methods developed to detect the estrus period in animals is the detection of volatile chemical compounds (pheromones) secreted in animal sweat only during the estrus period. This study will focus on the analysis of volatile chemical compounds in animal sweat using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) device and their importance in detecting estrus.
Innovative approach of biodegradable mulches in sustainable agriculture for crop production and environmental conservation
Authors: Soylu Esranur , Kızıldeniz Tefide
Published: January 2024

The use of biodegradable plastic mulches in place of conventional plastic mulches in agriculture has been suggested as being more ecologically friendly. However, a number of obstacles, including concerns about performance and cost, have inhibited their implementation. In this study, we set out to determine the impact of biodegradable film mulches on plant production, crop yield, sustainability, nutrient supply, environment, cost-effectiveness, pros and cons with innovative approach. The material and method used in this study include the application of a literature review on biodegradable mulch (BDM) film. According to our findings, the biodegradable film mulch greatly outperformed the plastic mulch in terms of soil health, water use, nutrient availability, and microbial activity. These results imply that biodegradable film mulch has the potential to decrease plastic waste in agriculture while increasing soil health and crop output. In conclusion, using biodegradable film mulch with using innovative approach in agriculture might be an effective means to alleviate the environmental problems brought on by conventional plastic mulches.
Algorithm of allocation of agricultural land occupied by winter crops
Authors: Meshalkina Joulia Lvovna , Krenke Alexander , Dobrovolskaya Valeria , Manakova Olga , Yaroslavtsev Alexis
Published: January 2024

In Russia, many lands legally classified as agricultural land are abandoned. We propose an algorithm for the allocation of agricultural land with winter crops based on the dynamics of normalized relative vegetation index (NDVI) which were verified on the example of the Rostov region, a major producer of agricultural products in Russia. Cereals in Rostov region cover about 70% of the sown areas, most of them are winter wheat. A series of MODIS satellite data for the period March-August 2020 were used for calculations. Crop yields were taken from the Database of Rostov Region Municipalities. NDVI index for the territory of the Rostov region had lowest average value in March, maximum in May with a decrease by August. Pixels with high difference in NDVI values from March to August 2020, were considered agricultural fields. Pixels with NDVI index in range 0.2 - 0.5 in March and April were identified as winter cereal crops. A statistically significant linear relationship with a correlation coefficient of 0.57 between winter wheat yield values according to national statistical data for districts of Rostov region for 2020 and average NDVI values for districts for selected fields occupied by winter wheat in this period was obtained.
The differences of electrical resistance values of vaginal mucus (ERVM) in yearling and mature saanen goats
Authors: Onal Ali Galip
Published: January 2024

It has been reported that during the oestrous cycle, an increase in the volume of cervical mucus occurs due to the influence of high oestrogen concentration on vaginal vasodilation, leading to a decrease in the electrical resistance of vaginal mucus (ERVM) as the goat approaches estrus. The present study aims to understand the differences between yearling (n:14) and mature (n:22) Saanen goats when continuous measurements of ERVM were taken by using the digital Draminski® device (Draminski Electronics, Poland). Oestrus was synchronized using intravaginal sponges and the ERVM measurement was taken every 6 hours right after the sponge removal until insemination. The results indicate that ERVM measurements for mature Saanen goats were significantly lower at 0, 6, 12, 30, 36, and 42 hours compared to those of yearling Saanen goats. Additionally, within the yearling Saanen group, there was a significant difference between the measurement taken at the 18th hour and the measurements taken at other time points. Furthermore, as goats approached estrus, the differences in ERVM measurements between mature and yearling Saanen goats disappeared. Based on these results, the ERVM values in yearling Saanen goats can be reliably used for predicting time of estrus, while a more cautious approach should be taken for mature Saanen goats.
Agroecological assessment of the efficiency of utilization of quail manure in the restoration of disturbed sod-podzolic soils with the formation of a stable herbage
Authors: Stepanov Andrey , Vasenev Peter , Vasenev Ivan
Published: January 2024

The most acute environmental problems of our time include large volumes of bird droppings produced annually at large livestock complexes. At the same time, the sod-podzolic soils dominating in the Non-Chernozem zone of the European part of Russia are characterized by low reserves of humus, which quickly fall with intensive agricultural use and soil anthropogenic degradation. To restore degraded sod-podzolic soils, a peat-sand substrate enriched with compost from quail manure without and with the application of phosphogypsum to stabilize organic compounds of compost was used with the support of project No. 075-15-2021-1030 of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia. The vegetation experiment showed the maximum increase in plant biomass of the herbage in the variant with the combined use of compost and phosphogypsum: respectively, 30% higher than the control one. In the summer, there is an increased intensity of soil CO2 emissions in the variants with compost, but with a multiple more active increase in grass biomass growing, so one can talk about the atmosphere carbon sequestering nature of the technology of utilization of quail droppings during the restoration of disturbed sod-podzolic soils with the formation of a stable herbage.
L’imagerie de la peau par LC-OCT
Authors: Dubois Arnaud , Siret David , Barut Anaïs
Published: January 2024

La LC-OCT est une récente technique d’imagerie fournissant des vues en 2 ou 3 dimensions de l’intérieur de la peau avec une résolution micrométrique. La LC-OCT est basée sur un microscope optique interférométrique en éclairant la peau avec une ligne de lumière à large spectre. Cette technique d’imagerie non invasive est utilisée en dermatologie pour le diagnostic et le suivi thérapeutique de diverses lésions, notamment les cancers.
Optimisation de l’imagerie de Speckle dynamique dépolarisé : vers une approche pratique et innovante en médecine
Authors: Colin Elise , Orlik Xavier , Plyer Aurélien
Published: January 2024

L’imagerie de speckle dynamique, méthode prometteuse et économique pour capturer les micro-mouvements, a récemment été améliorée par l’utilisation de la polarimétrie. Notre recherche vise à proposer un nouvel indice universel et reproductible, pour quantifier la microcirculation, facilitant ainsi le diagnostic et le suivi du patient pour diverses pathologies, par des comparaisons intra et interindividuelles.
Comprendre l’interférométrie à décalage multilatéral
Authors: Primot Jérôme , Bellanger Cindy
Published: January 2024

L’interférométrie à décalage multilatéral est une technique d’analyse optique aux multiples applications. Basée sur un procédé simple, extension avantageuse de l’interférométrie à décalage, elle a permis de développer un grand nombre de dispositifs, chacun adapté à un besoin particulier de mesure. Elle correspond à un changement de paradigme qui voit maintenant les utilisateurs chercher à approcher au mieux des objets d’intérêt à analyser sans les perturber, en respectant au mieux les conditions environnementales. Le fait de se spécialiser dans un type de mesure permet en particulier d’introduire des connaissances a priori qui aident à la qualité de la mesure.
Acheter un analyseur de taille de nanoparticules par diffusion dynamique de la lumière (DLS)
Authors: Anop Hanna , Jacob David , Maxit Benoit , Boj Sylvain
Published: January 2024

La technique de diffusion dynamique de la lumière, couramment désignée sous l’acronyme anglais DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering), s’est rapidement imposée au fil des décennies comme la méthode de mesure prédominante dans les laboratoires pour l’analyse de la taille et de la distribution des nanoparticules en suspension dans des liquides.
Pneumologische Rehabilitation im Antragsheilverfahren bei Long COVID
Authors: Rutsch Mercedes , Schüller Per Otto , Buhr-Schinner Heike , Gross Thomas , Deck Ruth
Published: January 2024

Hintergrund Bei einem Teil von COVID-19-Betroffenen bleiben Symptome und gesundheitliche Beeinträchtigungen über einen längeren Zeitraum bestehen (Long COVID). Längerfristige Krankheitsfolgen können zu erheblichen und dauerhaften Teilhabeeinschränkungen führen. In diesen Fällen können die Betroffenen eine medizinische Rehabilitation in Anspruch nehmen. Aufgrund der Neuartigkeit der COVID-19-Erkrankung ist über den Reha- und Therapiebedarf sowie den gesundheitlichen Nutzen einer spezifischen Rehabilitationsmaßnahme für die Betroffenen wenig bekannt.

Methodik Es wurde eine multizentrische, längsschnittliche Beobachtungsstudie durchgeführt. Eingeschlossen wurden COVID-19-Rehabilitand*innen in der pneumologischen Rehabilitation im Alter von 18–65 Jahren. Eine nach Alter gematchte Vergleichsgruppe (VG) bestand aus Rehabilitand*innen der Indikationen Asthma bronchiale und COPD. Die schriftliche Befragung fand am Anfang und Ende der Rehabilitation sowie 6 und 12 Monate nach der Rehabilitation statt. Zielkriterien waren u.a. Parameter der subjektiven Gesundheit, berufsbezogene Outcomes, Rehabilitationsinhalte und Nachsorgeleistungen.

Ergebnisse Die Stichprobe umfasste N=305 Teilnehmende, davon waren 172 Personen von Long COVID (LC) betroffen und 133 Personen waren der VG zuzuordnen. In der Gesamtstichprobe war ein Drittel der Teilnehmenden männlich und das Durchschnittsalter lag bei 53 Jahren. Die Rehabilitand*innen begannen die Rehabilitation mit hohen gesundheitlichen Ausgangsbelastungen, wobei die LC-Gruppe in nahezu allen erfassten Outcomes teilweise statistisch signifikant höhere Beeinträchtigungen aufwies. Zu Beginn der Rehabilitation war ein Drittel der Befragten krankgeschrieben, LC häufiger als die VG. Zwölf Monate nach der Rehabilitation zeigten sich für beide Gruppen signifikante gesundheitliche Effekte, wobei die LC-Gruppe in den meisten Outcomes die stärkeren Verbesserungen aufwies (Interaktionseffekt p<0,01). Trotz dieser Erfolge wies die LC-Gruppe auch 12 Monate nach der Rehabilitationsmaßnahme starke COVID-Symptome auf. Ein Jahr nach der Rehabilitation kehrten 89% in das Erwerbsleben zurück.

Schlussfolgerungen Die meisten Rehabilitand*innen profitieren gesundheitlich und beruflich in starkem Ausmaß von der pneumologischen medizinischen Rehabilitation. Die Inhalte der pneumologischen Rehabilitation scheinen ansatzweise auch für LC-Patient*innen geeignet zu sein, allerdings zeigt sich eine indikationsspezifische Therapienutzung zwischen VG und LC-Patient*innen. Daraus resultiert, dass LC-Rehabilitand*innen mehr und andere Therapieverfahren zu benötigen scheinen.
In Vitro Assessment of Compression Patterns Using Different Methods to Achieve Interfragmentary Compression during Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy
Authors: Alvarez Rodrigo , Motta Claudio , Miraldo Diogo
Published: January 2024

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate and characterize different methods to achieve interfragmentary compression during tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO).

Study Design TPLO was performed in 20 canine tibia models (Sawbones, Vashon, Washington, United States) using 3D-printed guides for standardization. Interfragmentary compression was assessed using pressure-sensitive films (Prescale, Fujifilm, Atherstone, United Kingdom). Seven compression methods were tested: (1) Kern bone holding forceps clamping the craniodistal aspect of the TPLO plate to the caudal aspect of the tibia (K); (2) using the distal TPLO plate dynamic compression hole (P); (3) pointed bone reduction forceps engaging the caudal aspect of the proximal bone fragment and the cranial aspect of the tibial crest (F); (4) K + P; (5) K + F; (6) F + P; and (7) K + F + P. Five measurements were obtained for each method, and each bone model was used for two measurements (single method, ± plate). The interfragmentary surface was digitalized and divided into quadrants for standardization and pixel density calculation: Q1, craniomedial; Q2, craniolateral; Q3, caudomedial; and Q4, caudolateral. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc tests were used for statistical analysis.

Results Mean pressures per quadrant differed significantly between methods (p < 0.001). Methods K, F, and P produced more craniomedial, craniolateral, and caudal compression, respectively. Method K resulted in loss of caudal compression (p < 0.001). Method F + P provided the most even distribution of high interfragmentary compression forces. The addition of method K to this construct (K + F + P) marginally increased cranial compression (p = 0.189 for Q1; p < 0.001 for Q2), but reduced compression caudally (p < 0.001).

Conclusion Method F + P provided more even interfragmentary compression. If method K were used, then combined use with method F + P would be recommended.
Predicting bedload transport through river vegetation
Authors: Green Leigh Ann
Published: January 2024

Understanding how vegetation and sediment can affect a river’s ecosystem.
The effect of viral infection on the Black Sea microalgae Tetraselmis viridis: the role of nutrients and copper ions
Authors: Stelmakh Liudmila V. , Sagadatova Raisa R. , Alatartseva Olga S.
Published: January 2024

The TvV-SM2 virus, isolated from the coastal waters of the Black Sea, causes lysis of its host, the algae Tetraselmis viridis (Chlorophyta). Under optimal conditions for nutrients, an increase in the initial abundance of algae cells by four times caused a 3-fold reduction in the latent period of viral infection. During the period of the most rapid cell lysis of T. viridis, nitrogen deficiency leads to a decrease in the average daily rate of death of cells affected by the virus by 3.2 times relative to the replete conditions, while in the case of phosphorus deficiency, this process slows down by up to 2.4 times. Under deplete conditions, the rate of cell death was only 34% lower than under replete conditions. The effect of copper ions (100 μg L−1) on the viral suspension for 6 h led to the complete suppression of its activity. In the presence of the host of this virus, its activity is only partially suppressed. As a result, cell lysis under the influence of a viral infection occurred in two stages. The first stage was noted only during the first 6 h of the experiment. The second main stage took place within 78–170 h. This study showed that in conditions of nutrient deficiency and in the presence of copper ions in seawater, the impact of viruses on microalgae will be weaker.
Does the photoluminescence of rat fur influence interactions in the field?
Authors: Reinhold Linda M. , Wilson David T. , Rymer Tasmin L.
Published: January 2024

While the photoluminescence of mammal fur is widespread, any potential function based on its optical properties remains speculative. Using paired photoluminescent and non-photoluminescent real-fur rat models in a field experiment, we aimed to test whether nocturnal vertebrates reacted differently to blueish-white photoluminescent fur than to non-photoluminescent fur. Remote cameras were set out in three different habitats (farmland, rainforest and woodland) in the Wet Tropics of Far North Queensland, Australia, over three full moon and three new moon phases. We recorded what species interacted with the models and counted the number of interactions with each model to calculate pair-wise differences of interactions with photoluminescent and non-photoluminescent models. No animal group (marsupial, placental mammal or avian) showed a preference for either model, on either new or full moon, suggesting that they either cannot detect a difference, or that preference is not based on photoluminescent properties. These findings do not support a hypothesis of selective pressure from nocturnal vertebrates acting on the trait of blueish-white photoluminescence in mammal fur.
DIDO is necessary for the adipogenesis that promotes diet-induced obesity
Authors: García-López María Ángeles , Mora Alfonso , Corrales Patricia , Pons Tirso , Sánchez de Diego Ainhoa , Talavera Gutiérrez Amaia , van Wely Karel H. M. , Medina-Gómez Gema , Sabio Guadalupe , Martínez-A Carlos , Fischer Thierry
Published: January 2024

The prevalence of overweight and obesity continues to rise in the population worldwide. Because it is an important predisposing factor for cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and COVID-19, obesity reduces life expectancy. Adipose tissue (AT), the main fat storage organ with endocrine capacity, plays fundamental roles in systemic metabolism and obesity-related diseases. Dysfunctional AT can induce excess or reduced body fat (lipodystrophy).Dido1is a marker gene for stemness; gene-targeting experiments compromised several functions ranging from cell division to embryonic stem cell differentiation, both in vivo and in vitro. We report that mutant mice lacking the DIDO N terminus show a lean phenotype. This consists of reduced AT and hypolipidemia, even when mice are fed a high-nutrient diet. DIDO mutation caused hypothermia due to lipoatrophy of white adipose tissue (WAT) and dermal fat thinning. Deep sequencing of the epididymal white fat (Epi WAT) transcriptome supportedDido1control of the cellular lipid metabolic process. We found that, by controlling the expression of transcription factors such as C/EBPα or PPARγ,Dido1is necessary for adipocyte differentiation, and that restoring their expression reestablished adipogenesis capacity inDido1mutants. Our model differs from other lipodystrophic mice and could constitute a new system for the development of therapeutic intervention in obesity.
Conversion of monoclonal IgG to dimeric and secretory IgA restores neutralizing ability and prevents infection of Omicron lineages
Authors: Marcotte Harold , Cao Yunlong , Zuo Fanglei , Simonelli Luca , Sammartino Josè Camilla , Pedotti Mattia , Sun Rui , Cassaniti Irene , Hagbom Marie , Piralla Antonio , Yang Jinxuan , Du Likun , Percivalle Elena , Bertoglio Federico , Schubert Maren , Abolhassani Hassan , Sherina Natalia , Guerra Concetta , Borte Stephan , Rezaei Nima , Kumagai-Braesch Makiko , Xue Yintong , Su Chen , Yan Qihong , He Ping , Grönwall Caroline , Klareskog Lars , Calzolai Luigi , Cavalli Andrea , Wang Qiao , Robbiani Davide F. , Hust Michael , Shi Zhengli , Feng Liqiang , Svensson Lennart , Chen Ling , Bao Linlin , Baldanti Fausto , Xiao Junyu , Qin Chuan , Hammarström Lennart , Yang Xinglou , Varani Luca , Xie Xiaoliang Sunney , Pan-Hammarström Qiang
Published: January 2024

The emergence of Omicron lineages and descendent subvariants continues to present a severe threat to the effectiveness of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies. We have previously suggested that an insufficient mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) response induced by the mRNA vaccines is associated with a surge in breakthrough infections. Here, we further show that the intramuscular mRNA and/or inactivated vaccines cannot sufficiently boost the mucosal secretory IgA response in uninfected individuals, particularly against the Omicron variant. We thus engineered and characterized recombinant monomeric, dimeric, and secretory IgA1 antibodies derived from four neutralizing IgG monoclonal antibodies (mAbs 01A05, rmAb23, DXP-604, and XG014) targeting the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein. Compared to their parental IgG antibodies, dimeric and secretory IgA1 antibodies showed a higher neutralizing activity against different variants of concern (VOCs), in part due to an increased avidity. Importantly, the dimeric or secretory IgA1 form of the DXP-604 antibody significantly outperformed its parental IgG antibody, and neutralized the Omicron lineages BA.1, BA.2, and BA.4/5 with a 25- to 75-fold increase in potency. In human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) transgenic mice, a single intranasal dose of the dimeric IgA DXP-604 conferred prophylactic and therapeutic protection against Omicron BA.5. Thus, dimeric or secretory IgA delivered by nasal administration may potentially be exploited for the treatment and prevention of Omicron infection, thereby providing an alternative tool for combating immune evasion by the current circulating subvariants and, potentially, future VOCs.
Disruption of DNA methylation–mediated cranial neural crest proliferation and differentiation causes orofacial clefts in mice
Authors: Ulschmid Caden M. , Sun Miranda R. , Jabbarpour Christopher R. , Steward Austin C. , Rivera-González Kenneth S. , Cao Jocelyn , Martin Alexander A. , Barnes Macy , Wicklund Lorena , Madrid Andy , Papale Ligia A. , Joseph Diya B. , Vezina Chad M. , Alisch Reid S. , Lipinski Robert J.
Published: January 2024

Orofacial clefts of the lip and palate are widely recognized to result from complex gene–environment interactions, but inadequate understanding of environmental risk factors has stymied development of prevention strategies. We interrogated the role of DNA methylation, an environmentally malleable epigenetic mechanism, in orofacial development. Expression of the key DNA methyltransferase enzyme DNMT1 was detected throughout palate morphogenesis in the epithelium and underlying cranial neural crest cell (cNCC) mesenchyme, a highly proliferative multipotent stem cell population that forms orofacial connective tissue. Genetic and pharmacologic manipulations of DNMT activity were then applied to define the tissue- and timing-dependent requirement of DNA methylation in orofacial development. cNCC-specific
Dnmt1
inactivation targeting initial palate outgrowth resulted in OFCs, while later targeting during palatal shelf elevation and elongation did not. Conditional
Dnmt1
deletion reduced cNCC proliferation and subsequent differentiation trajectory, resulting in attenuated outgrowth of the palatal shelves and altered development of cNCC-derived skeletal elements. Finally, we found that the cellular mechanisms of cleft pathogenesis observed in vivo can be recapitulated by pharmacologically reducing DNA methylation in multipotent cNCCs cultured in vitro. These findings demonstrate that DNA methylation is a crucial epigenetic regulator of cNCC biology, define a critical period of development in which its disruption directly causes OFCs, and provide opportunities to identify environmental influences that contribute to OFC risk.
First Secretary Gierek, President Carter, and the president’s Polish interpreter
Authors: Chekin Leonid S.
Published: January 2024

During President Carter’s visit to Warsaw in 1977, his interpreter into Polish, Steven Seymour, allegedly made major mistakes. American journalists learned of these mistakes from their Polish colleagues and gloated over what they considered erotic overtones in Seymour’s interpretation. There is much literature on this episode, but no author has yet consulted the actual interpretation. I was able to obtain an archived audio recording of the entire episode from the Jimmy Carter Presidential Library and Museum. In this article, I discuss Seymour’s choice of a sentence-by-sentence mode of interpretation and the problems inherent in that mode, classify his errors and inaccuracies, and attempt to uncover the reasons for the exaggerated criticism from the media and the interpreting community. Characteristically, the media paid no attention to the solemn, confident performance of Seymour’s Polish colleague, who interpreted Edward Gierek’s speech into English. The episode is a good testimony to the role of diplomatic interpreters, whose moment of glory only comes when they make a factual or imaginary mistake.