bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OS LIVROS ESCOLARES COMO INSTRUMENTOS PARA A PROMOÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE NACIONAL ITALIANA NO BRASIL DURANTE OS PRIMEIROS ANOS DO FASCISMO (1922-1925)
Authors: Barausse Alberto
Published: June 2016

Resumo No início da segunda década do século 20, na Itália, entre a crise das instituições liberais e a ascensão do fascismo, foram produzidos novos livros didáticos para as escolas italianas no exterior, a fim de apoiar o relacionamento da política de defesa da italianidade. O artigo pretende ilustrar os acontecimentos que levaram à publicação de livros de leitura para as escolas primárias de Alarico Buonaiuti, de Francesco Pasciuti e de Giovanni di Giusto destinados a circular no Brasil, bem como analisar os modelos educativos introduzidos e propostos pela nova produção editorial transmitida pelas autoridades italianas.
PROPOSTAS PEDAGÓGICAS DE OSCAR LORENZO FERNANDEZ PARA O ENSINO DA MÚSICA NAS ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS BRASILEIRAS (1930-1931)
Authors: Monti Ednardo Monteiro Gonzaga do
Published: June 2016

Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a proposta pedagógica de Lorenzo Fernandez, músico nacionalista que atuou no Instituto Nacional de Música e na Universidade do Distrito Federal - UDF -, instituições sediadas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, então capital da República. A principal fonte documental mobilizada nesta investigação é o periódico Illustração Musical (1930-1931). Como resultado percebe-se que, para Lorenzo Fernandez, a base do ensino da música nas escolas públicas era a formação de professores por meio de cursos especializados com ênfases musicais e pedagógicas consistentes, uma proposta que dependia dos investimentos do governo brasileiro vigente no período em questão.
DEBATING EDUCATION AND POLITICAL REFORM: THE FREINET MOVEMENT AND DEMOCRATISATION IN SPAIN (1975-1982)
Authors: Huerta José Luis Hernández , Sánchez Alba María Gómez
Published: June 2016

Abstract In the mid-1960s, the Freinet movement took on new life - first with the name Association for Correspondence and the School Printing Press - Acies -, and later as the Popular School Cooperative Movement - MCEP. In a short space of time, the organisation grew to contain over a hundred members and supporters, who, along with the process of the Transition to democracy, laid the foundations for many of Acies/MCEP's projects - both pedagogical and political projects. Of greatest importance amongst these were conferences, teacher-training seminars and the bulletin Colaboración (1976-1985), which was the organ of expression and communication for Spanish teachers following Freinet's principles. During the period of political transition to democracy, Acies/MCEP was one of the most active and dynamic Educational Renewal Movements in Spain. The present article explores the contributions of the Freinet movement to the democratisation of education in Spain - in particular, the political-pedagogical discussion on the principles and purposes of public education, how to understand it, the problems posed by the existence of privately-subsidised education, and the role of the school as a tool for community development and an arena for civic participation. For these reasons, as a documentary source to be explored in depth, the bulletin Colaboración has been chosen; it offers an example of the pedagogical press for teachers in the Spain of 1970s and 1980s, as it helped shape the educational mindset in place during this period and in the following years.
The role of memory in posttraumatic stress disorder: implications for clinical practice
Authors: Rigoli Marcelo Montagner , Silva Gustavo Ramos , Oliveira Fernando Rainho de , Pergher Giovanni Kuckartz , Kristensen Christian Haag
Published: June 2016

Abstract Introduction: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly prevalent disorder with important social consequences. Several models have been developed with the aim of understanding the mechanisms underlying its symptoms. Intrusions are idiosyncratic symptoms that commonly take the form of involuntary recollection of images or flashbacks about the traumatic event. Objective: To review how memory is conceptualized in each of these models and the implications for clinical practice. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was conducted through analysis of the perspectives of memory in theoretical models of PTSD. Results: Two main perspectives were identified: 1) models in which specific mechanisms of memory for processing traumatic events are proposed, especially those based on clinical studies, and 2) models in which common mnemonic mechanisms are utilized to explain the phenomenon, primarily based on basic experimental research studies investigating memory. The different theories based on these approaches have led to distinct psychotherapy interventions. Conclusion: In order to clarify these discrepancies, future research should aim for the methodological rigor of experimental studies, while maintaining the ecological applicability of findings. Cognitive experimental psychopathology is therefore an area on which research funding should be focused. Such studies could elucidate the role of mnemonic aspects in PTSD and how they impact psychological treatments.
Ressentimento, poder e valor
Authors: Reginster Bernard
Published: June 2016

Resumo Examino duas interpretações recentes do ressentimento - aquela que o vê como uma forma maliciosa de inveja e aquela que o vê como uma incitação para encontrar alguém que possa ser censurado pelo próprio sofrimento -, e ao mesmo tempo argumento que estas interpretações fracassam tanto na identificação do que seja o caráter distintivo do ressentimento quanto na tentativa de fornecer uma interpretação convincente do processo de reavaliação desencadeado por ele. Proponho que o ressentimento deve ser concebido como uma expressão da vontade de potência e procuro esboçar uma análise dessa motivação como um desejo por agência efetiva. Concluo mostrando como essa compreensão do ressentimento é particularmente apropriada ao contexto de desfazimento dos valores do agente.
Nietzsche e Paul Rée: Acerca da existência de impulsos altruístas
Authors: Araldi Clademir Luís
Published: June 2016

Resumo Investigaremos a discordância entre Nietzsche e Paul Rée no que tange à existência de impulsos altruístas no ser humano. Paul Rée, em A origem dos sentimentos morais (der Ursprung der moralischen Empfindugen), afirma existirem no homem tanto impulsos egoístas quanto altruístas. A partir da teoria da evolução de Darwin, ele desenvolve uma psicologia moral evolucionista, enfatizando o caráter naturalista das atitudes altruístas. Analisaremos as críticas de Nietzsche ao modo altruísta de valorar, desde Humano, demasiado humano, tendo em vista a discussão que ele trava com Paul Rée acerca do estatuto do hábito, dos costumes e dos motivos das ações. O novo modo de considerar o prazer, especialmente na intensificação do sentimento de poder, marca uma nova orientação acerca da origem e desenvolvimento dos sentimentos morais, em que o egoísmo ocupa um lugar central.
Lessing, um espírito livre. Sobre o aforismo 103 de O Andarilho e sua Sombra
Authors: Chaves Ernani
Published: June 2016

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o aforismo 103 de O Andarilho e sua sombra, intitulado "Lessing", com a finalidade de mostrar a confrontação de Nietzsche com o pensamento do grande ensaísta, poeta e dramaturgo, considerado o criador do teatro moderno alemão. Esta confrontação tem como ponto de partida no aforismo acima referido a questão do "estilo", o que dá a oportunidade para refletirmos acerca desta questão em Nietzsche, neste momento importante de sua obra, momento de viragem, como sabemos, em especial a partir de três outros "personagens" importantes para a discussão deste tema: Schopenhauer, Wagner e a cultura francesa.
Nietzsche entre a Pólis Grega e o Terceiro Reich Alemão
Authors: Julião José Nicolao
Published: June 2016

Resumo O objetivo deste ensaio é o de analisar a interpretação que Nietzsche faz da política grega antiga e as suas implicações na crítica que ele remete à cultura moderna. Críticas essas que, muita das vezes, comprometem a sua filosofia com formas de pensamentos protofacistas. Para tal tarefa, privilegiamos, sobretudo, os estudos de juventude, nos quais, o filósofo trata da política entre os gregos, mas sem negligenciar passagens, em textos, de outras fases, quando forem relevantes para a nossa análise.
Nietzsche e o Valor: Florescimento e Excelência
Authors: Robertson Simon
Published: June 2016

Resumo Florescimento e excelência são dois ideais que ocupam um lugar central no perfeccionismo de Nietzsche. Este artigo procura oferecer uma interpretação original acerca do que está envolvido nestes termos, de como eles se diferenciam e se conectam, desenvolvendo assim um quadro axiológico que confira sentido a esse conjunto. Uma sugestão adicional é de que o modelo subjacente de valor que emerge a partir desta interpretação - com efeito, um modelo de uma vida boa - seja interessante e atrativo por si só, e que, portanto, possa ter um apelo filosófico mais amplo.
Nossas virtudes: sobre o capítulo 7 de Para além de bem e mal
Authors: Tongeren Paul van
Published: June 2016

Resumo Qual é a mensagem do sétimo capítulo de Para Além de Bem e Mal, intitulado 'Nossas Virtudes'? Inicialmente apresento uma análise da estrutura do capítulo (que parece ser o capítulo central da segunda metade do livro). Constata-se por meio desta análise que as seções 214 e 227 ocupam um lugar especial no capítulo. Uma análise detida destas duas seções sugere que neste capítulo o leitor é introduzido em uma condição tipicamente nietzschiana: o questionamento crítico da moralidade torna-se autorreferencial: aquele que questiona torna questionável o seu próprio questionamento. O mesmo procedimento adotado na seção 1 do primeiro capítulo em relação à filosofia e à vontade de verdade (tanto a vontade de verdade tradicional quanto a "nossa" própria) é adotado agora na segunda metade do livro em relação à "honestidade" ou "probidade" [Redlichkeit] e aplicado à moralidade (tanto a tradicional quanto a "nossa" virtude moral). O que no início parecia ser uma apresentação da virtude moral do espírito livre se revela agora como uma "autossupressão" da moralidade. Esta interpretação recebe uma elaboração e confirmação adicionais pela luz que ela permite lançar sobre as seções supostamente antifeministas que encerram o capítulo.
Emerging arboviruses and public health challenges in Brazil
Authors: Lima-Camara Tamara Nunes
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Environmental modification by anthropogenic actions, disordered urban growth, globalization of international exchange and climate change are some factors that help the emergence and dissemination of human infectious diseases transmitted by vectors. This review discusses the recent entry of three arboviruses in Brazil: Chikungunya, West Nile, and Zika virus, focusing on the challenges for the Country’s public health. The Brazilian population is exposed to infections caused by these three arboviruses widely distributed on the national territory and associated with humans. Without effective vaccine and specific treatment, the maintainance and integration of a continuos entomological and epidemiological surveillance are important so we can set methods to control and prevent these arboviruses in the Country.
Towards a Brazilian dementia plan? Lessons to be learned from Europe
Authors: Engedal Knut , Laks Jerson
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Dementia is a global socio-medical problem. The steepest increase in prevalence occurs in Latin-America and Asia. European governments have implemented dementia plans to improve care. We describe common goals of European dementia plans and discuss the Brazilian situation. Sixteen European countries have governmental dementia plans, another four are set to launch them. These plans have some common goals: to raise general awareness on dementia and reduce stigma, to establish more diagnostic centers and increase the number of people with correct diagnoses, to provide integrated care that improves quality of care and quality of life, and to promote educational programs for family and professional carers. European dementia plans have contributed toward raising awareness about dementia. More reference centers for diagnostic evaluations have been established and successful educational programs have been run. Integrated care is still a challenge in most countries. Brazil needs a plan. Facilitators and barriers for implementation should be identified by studying the European plans.
Imaging Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology with PET
Authors: Schilling Lucas Porcello , Zimmer Eduardo R. , Shin Monica , Leuzy Antoine , Pascoal Tharick A. , Benedet Andréa L. , Borelli Wyllians Vendramini , Palmini André , Gauthier Serge , Rosa-Neto Pedro
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been reconceptualised as a dynamic pathophysiological process characterized by preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia stages. Positron emission tomography (PET) associated with various molecular imaging agents reveals numerous aspects of dementia pathophysiology, such as brain amyloidosis, tau accumulation, neuroreceptor changes, metabolism abnormalities and neuroinflammation in dementia patients. In the context of a growing shift toward presymptomatic early diagnosis and disease-modifying interventions, PET molecular imaging agents provide an unprecedented means of quantifying the AD pathophysiological process, monitoring disease progression, ascertaining whether therapies engage their respective brain molecular targets, as well as quantifying pharmacological responses. In the present study, we highlight the most important contributions of PET in describing brain molecular abnormalities in AD.
The Learning Curve in neurofeedback of Peter Van Deusen: A review article
Authors: Ribas Valdenilson Ribeiro , Ribas Renata de Melo Guerra , Martins Hugo André de Lima
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT The Learning Curve (TLC) in neurofeedback concept emerged after Peter Van Deusen compiled the results of articles on the expected electrical activity of the brain. This concept was subsequently tested on patients at four clinics in Atlanta between 1994 and 2001. The aim of this paper was to report the historical aspects of TLC. Articles published on the electronic databases MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science were reviewed. During patient evaluation, TLC investigates categories called disconnected, hot temporal lobes, reversal of alpha and beta waves, blocking, locking, and filtering or processing. This enables neuroscientists to use their training designs and, by means of behavioral psychology, to work on neuroregulation, as self-regulation for patients. TLC shows the relationships between electrical, mental and behavioral activity in patients. It also identifies details of patterns that can assist physicians in their choice of treatment.
Voxel-based morphometry in Alzheimers disease and mild cognitive impairment: Systematic review of studies addressing the frontal lobe
Authors: Ribeiro Luís Gustavo , Busatto Filho Geraldo
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) is a useful approach for investigating neurostructural brain changes in dementia. We systematically reviewed VBM studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), specifically focusing on grey matter (GM) atrophy in the frontal lobe. Methods: Two searches were performed on the Pubmed database. A set of exclusion criteria was applied to ensure the selection of only VBM studies that directly investigated GM volume abnormalities in AD and/or MCI patients compared to cognitively normal controls. Results: From a total of 46 selected articles, 35 VBM studies reported GM volume reductions in the frontal lobe. The frontal subregions, where most of the volume reductions were reported, included the inferior, superior and middle frontal gyri, as well as the anterior cingulate gyrus. We also found studies in which reduced frontal GM was detected in MCI patients who converted to AD. In a minority of studies, correlations between frontal GM volumes and behavioural changes or cognitive deficits in AD patients were investigated, with variable findings. Conclusion: Results of VBM studies indicate that the frontal lobe should be regarded as an important brain area when investigating GM volume deficits in association with AD. Frontal GM loss might not be a feature specific to late AD only. Future VBM studies involving large AD samples are warranted to further investigate correlations between frontal volume deficits and both cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric symptoms.
Neuropsychological benefits of a narrative cognitive training program for people living with dementia: A pilot study
Authors: Batini Federico , Toti Giulia , Bartolucci Marco
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Many areas in the cortex are active during reading of narrative material, and these activations in the brain produce significant changes in connectivity. Following previous results showing cognitive benefits in memory domains of a narrative training program in nursing home patients living with dementia, the aim of the present study was to perform a more in depth investigation of the effects of this training on memory domains and other cognitive areas. Methods: An experimental group of eight patients underwent auditory narrative training of 60 hours. At the beginning and end of the training, subjects were tested with a neuropsychological battery to quantify any improvements in individual performance. Results: The results showed a statistically significant improvement in the list learning task (immediate memory) and list learning recognition for single tasks, and a statistically significant improvement in overall cognitive area scores for immediate and delayed memory. Conclusion: Results replicate and expand our previous findings, indicating that this type of intervention can increase performance on memory-related tests.
Effect of caregiver characteristics on dementia management strategies
Authors: Dalpai Débora , Reis Ramon Castro , Pádua Analuiza Camozzato de
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Caregiving has an important influence on the prognosis of dementia, particularly regarding the management strategy implemented. Therefore, evaluating which characteristics of caregivers can influence the choice of a particular strategy for managing dementia is needed. Objective: To evaluate the association between characteristics of caregivers and their management strategies as applied to patients with dementia. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 45 professional caregivers from two nursing homes in Porto Alegre, Brazil, was conducted. Age, gender, education, years as a caregiver, income, burden, depressive and anxiety symptoms and dementia management strategies were evaluated for all participants. Pearson's or Spearman's correlation tests were applied according to the variable distribution (parametric or non-parametric). Bivariate correlation analysis was applied. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was a significant and moderate positive correlation between burden measured by the Zarit Burden Interview and criticism measured by the Dementia Management Strategies Scale (Spearman's rho = 0.555, p < 0.001). No other correlations were observed. Conclusion: Among the caregiver characteristics that directly affect the approach to managing dementia, high caregiver burden was found to be associated with high criticism, an authoritative way of managing dementia. This exploratory study indicated that a possible way of decreasing negative dementia management is to reduce caregiver burden.
Landscape effects on the occurrence of ichthyofauna in first-order streams of southeastern Brazil
Authors: Tibúrcio Gabriela Santos , Carvalho Carolina da Silva , Ferreira Fabio Cop , Goitein Roberto , Ribeiro Milton Cezar
Published: June 2016

Abstract Objective In this study we aimed to understand how extrinsic environmental factors measured in the watercourses and the surrounding landscape influence the ichthyofauna of first-order streams. Methods Data were collected within the Corumbataí River Basin, São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, during the dry season of 2012. We sampled the ichthyofauna in 13 stretches of streams distributed across four river sub-basins. The stretches differed in relation to the presence/absence of riparian forest, the predominant type of matrix and the percentage of forest. Response variables were species richness and the occurrence of functional groups and explanatory variables include both local and landscape structures from the surrounding environment. Local variables comprised the following water quality and structural attributes: pH, temperature, conductivity, turbidity, flow rate, depth, width, type of substrate. Landscape variables included presence/absence of riparian vegetation, type of vegetation, type of matrix, percentage of forest and canopy cover. Results A total of 268 individuals were recorded, which were distributed among 12 species. The landscape structure influenced the occurrence of functional groups in first-order streams, especially allochthonous-feeders, nektonic and hypoxia-intolerant species. The presence of riparian forest was the most important predictor. Species richness was negatively related to the presence of riparian vegetation, supporting the hypothesis that degraded landscapes lead to a reduction in diversity. Conclusion The protection of riparian vegetation is critical to the maintenance of ichthyofauna diversity in first-order streams. The presence or absence of riparian vegetation differently affected the occurrence of species depending on their functional characteristics, particularly those related to the tolerance to hypoxia, source of alimentary items and the position in the water column.
Three Scales to Measure Burnout of Primary School Teachers: Empirical Evidence on their Adequacy
Authors: Platsidou Maria , Daniilidou Athena
Published: June 2016

This study aimed at comparing the psychometric properties of three measures of burnout administered in 320 Greek primary school teachers, namely the Maslach Burnout Inventory (Maslach and Jackson 1982), the Burnout Measure (Pines and Aronson 1988) and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (Kristensen et al. 2005). Confirmatory factor analysis tested a three-factor solution for each inventory, consistent to the respective theory. Results yielded a reasonably good model fit for the MBI, and merely acceptable model fit for the BM and the CBI. Overall the findings suggest that the MBI is more appropriate instrument for assessing teachers' burnout compared to the MB and the CBI, which presented not so well-defined inner structure and highly correlated subscales.
Including Psychology in Inclusive Pedagogy: Enriching the Dialogue?
Authors: Kershner Ruth
Published: June 2016

Inclusive education is a complex field of study and practice that requires good communication and dialogue between all involved.  Psychology has to some extent been marginalised in these educational dialogues. This is, in part, due to psychology’s perceived heritage in the standardised testing that has been used to support the educational segregation of certain individuals and groups of students. Some have also expressed fundamental doubts about the prospects of investigating human experience and education through ‘scientific’ method in psychology.  In this paper I discuss the relationship between inclusive education, dialogue and psychology, with a focus on the dialogic aspects of inclusive classroom pedagogy. I analyse how a group of eight early career primary (elementary) school teachers in England talk about inclusive pedagogy at the start their involvement in a one-year research project on this topic. Their conversation suggests the strong presence of psychological thinking, alongside the teachers’ other references to classroom practice, children’s rights and social identities. Conclusions are drawn about the need to include the heterogeneous field of psychology in the continuing dialogues of inclusive education, while also considering new forms of psychology for inclusive education.
Application of the method of broadband radio wave surgery in operative obstetrics
Authors: Oboskalova Tatiana A , Glukhov Evgeniy J , Butunov Oleg V
Published: June 2016

An assessment of the effectiveness of integrated technology cesarean section using the methods of broadband radio wave surgery (SHRH) was taken, argon-plasma coagulation, namely (APC) in tissue anterior abdominal wall and uterus to prevent chronic inflammatory, and other intra-and postoperative complications. The study included analysis of cesarean section outcomes, these results are about women operated without the use of argon-plasma coagulation and the use of APC. Studies have shown that the proposed modification of the cesarean section using methods SHRH reduces the amount of wound exudate and helps to improve microcirculation and tissue repair, formation of a wealthy uterine scar.
Ovarian germ cell tumors - a modern approach to the problem
Authors: Solopova Alina E , Sologub Yulia N , Makatsariya Aleksandr D , Solopova Antonina G
Published: June 2016

The article discusses epidemiology, the morphological, clinical features and modern principles of treatment of ovarian germ cell tumors (OGCT). New immunohistochemical markers are presented, and also the role of tumor markers is shown in the differential diagnosis of OGCT.
Renal ionoregulation function in incontinent women
Authors: Osipova Natalya A , Niauri Dariko A , Gzgzyan Alexander M
Published: June 2016

Renal ionoregulation function was studied in 143 women with stress incontinence, in 43 with urge incontinence and in 91 with mixed incontinence. Total polyuria was diagnosed in 8,7 ± 1,7% and nocturnal polyuria in 21,7 ± 2,5% incontinent wonen. Changes in kidney function in total and nocturnal polyuria appear to be due not to a decrease in water reabsorption in the renal collecting duct but to reduction of ion reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of the Henle loop. Due to this defect, reabsorption of ions and water is decreased; as a result, lager volumes of fluid enter the collecting ducts.
Modification ultrasonic methods estimating expected fetal weight
Authors: Mudrov Viktor A
Published: June 2016

Selection of the optimal tactics of pregnancy and childbirth greatly depends on the expected weight of the fetus. Frequency of perinatal mortality and morbidity increased in grоup with growth retardation and fetal macrosomia. The aim of the study was a modification of ultrasonic methods for determining the expected fetal weight. Materials and methods. On the basis of maternity hospitals Trans-Baikal Region in the years 2013-2015 was held retrospective and prospective analysis of 210 labor histories, which were divided into 3 equal groups: 1 group - pregnant women with a body mass index (BMI) for Quetelet less than 24, group 2 - with a BMI from 24 to 30, group 3 - with a BMI more than 30. In order to determine the expected fetal weight by ultrasonic methods used formula of Hadlock, Shephard and Demidov. The error in determining fetal weight standard methods more than 250 g, which identified the need to establish new precise formula. The increase in the error in determining fetal weight at border gestation due to the lack of assessment of fetal tissue density. On the basis of mathematical and 3d-modeling of the body’s volume, depending on its mass determined pattern change of the average density of fetal tissue, depending on the gestational age, which is expressed by the formula: ρ = 0,833 + 0,004475GA, where ρ - the average density of tissue, GA - gestational age. Through a comprehensive analysis of ultrasound data’s fetometry and medium-density tissue defined fetal weight formula: M = (0,2777 + 0,001492 × GA) × OFD × AC × (Fe + Ti + Hu + Ra), where GA - gestational age (weeks), AC - abdominal circumference (cm), OFD - occipitofrontal diameter (cm), Fe - femur’s length (cm), Ti - tibia’s length (cm), Hu - humerus’s length (cm), Ra - radius’s length (cm), 0.2777 and 0.001492 - digital prognostic factors. In calculating the weight of the fetus according to the proposed formula ultrasonic average error does not exceed 150 g. Thus, the method has a smaller error compared to the standard, and can be used to reliably determine fetal weight in II and III trimester of pregnancy.
Kata – The true essence of Budo martial arts?
Authors: Dodd Simon Alexander , Brown David
Published: June 2016

This paper uses documentary research techniques to analyse the use of kata, forms, in the Japanese martial arts. Following an introduction on the existence of kata practice, using existing sources of information the paper first examines the spiritual developments of bushido, secondly, the social changes that led to the redevelopment of bujutsu into budo is scrutinsised. Next, the position of kata in relation to budo martial arts is explored followed by a discussion on the use of kata as a pedagogy. Finally, kata is repositioned in light of the contextual expansion investigated demonstrating how kata could represent the intended essence of budo as well a culturally-valued, spiritual pedagogy.
A Translemic Analysis of Maria Edgeworth’s "L’Absent ou La famille irlandaise à Londres" (1814)
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Carmen María
Published: June 2016

After the publication of "Castle Rackrent" (1800), Maria Edgeworth (1768-1849) became one of the most famous nineteenth-century women writers in Great Britain, and her oeuvre was quickly translated on the Continent. This article analyzes the French translation of Edgeworth’s Irish tale "The Absentee" (1812) within the framework of Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS). For that purpose, both the source and the target text will be contextualized following Itamar Even-Zohar’s ideas on the literary system which is understood as a network of relations between elements depending on each other. As will be shown, the text prepared for the French-speaking readers greatly departs from the original text published in Great Britain, a fact which should be considered by any research on Edgeworth’s reception in Europe.
The insecure and the irrational: the southern european other in "The tradition of the castle; or, Scenes in the Emerald Isle" (1824) by Regina Maria Roche
Authors: Lasa Álvarez Begoña
Published: June 2016

A section of "The tradition of the Castle; or Scenes in the Emerald Isle" (1824), a novel by Regina Maria Roche, is set in the European Continent, which enacts a cultural confrontation between Britain and the Southern Other. Additionally, the South of Europe and particularly Spain is employed as a displaced scenario where the British could project their anxieties and accordingly face the conflicts of their own society. By using popular fiction and popular imagery, such as those provided by travel writing and the Gothic, Roche warns her readers about insecurity and irrationality beyond their borders – namely, war and political and religious intolerance – and about mistakes they should not make in order to reinforce their national identity and maintain their status quo.
The flourishing of female playwriting on the Augustan stage: Mary Pix’s "The innocent mistress"
Authors: Yebra José M.
Published: June 2016

This article aims at analysing Mary Pix’s The Innocent Mistress (1697) as a paradigmatic example of the boom in female playwriting at the end of the seventeenth century in England. It is my main aim to determine whether and to what extent Pix’s play can be considered a derivative or innovative text. In other words, does The Innocent Mistress stick to the reformist atmosphere prevailing at the end of the seventeenth century or, on the contrary, is the play fully indebted to the hard Restoration drama of the 1670s? In contrast to the classic view of the Restoration stage as a monolith, this essay shows the evolution from the libertarian Carolean plays to the essentially reformist Augustan drama, and the impact and role of women’s writing in this process. Thus, after briefly delving into the main traits of both traditions –especially those concerning gender relations– my essay concludes that The Innocent Mistress proves to be clearly a product of its time, adapting recurrent Carolean devices to Augustan Reformism, but also the product of a female playwright and her limited room for transgression.
Evaluación del daño por carburización de un tubo retirado de servicio de un horno de pirólisis
Authors: Saavedra Rueda Jaqueline , Amézquita García Juan Carlos , Díaz Burgos Laura María , Laverde Cataño Dionisio , Bolívar Osorio Francisco Javier , Pérez Trujillo Francisco Javier
Published: June 2016

La pirólisis de hidrocarburos es un proceso que se caracteriza por llevarse a cabo durante largos períodos de tiempo a temperaturas superiores a los 843° C y atmósferas altamente reductoras. Dichas condiciones severas contribuyen al deterioro por carburización de los serpentines de los hornos en donde ocurre el proceso de rotura térmica por pirólisis, de los hidrocarburos. En este trabajo, se evaluó el estado de daño de un tramo de serpentín de la zona radiante de un horno de pirólisis de etano para la producción de etileno. El tubo fue retirado del servicio del horno de pirólisis debido a la coquización presente en su interior. Posteriores análisis de Microscopia Electrónica de Barrido, análisis metalográfico, análisis de composición química, análisis de dureza y microdureza, permitieron evaluar el estado de daño por carburización.
Modelo cinético de la hidrólisis del residuo de cosecha cañero
Authors: Aguilar Rivera Noé
Published: June 2016

El residuo de cosecha de caña de azúcar (paja, hojas y puntas), es un recurso biológico renovable y barato. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la producción de azúcares fermentables AFT a partir de residuos de cosecha cañero. El proceso de hidrólisis se llevó a cabo para evaluar el efecto del tiempo de reacción, la temperatura y la concentración de ácido sulfúrico [H2SO4: 0,5, 1,0 y 1,5%, w / w)], en la producción de azúcares fermentables a 60, 90 y 120 minutos de hidrólisis y relación sólido a líquido 1:10, con base seca en un reactor discontinuo. La determinación de los azúcares fermentables o hidrolizados recuperados (%) fue evaluada por el método de Saeman mediante un diseño factorial 33 con dos repeticiones con respecto de las interacciones de la concentración de ácido (AC), temperatura (TEMP), y el tiempo (T). Así mismo, se desarrolló un modelo cinético para las condiciones óptimas de la hidrólisis, basado en dos reacciones consecutivas de pseudo primer orden para la sacarificación promedio. El modelo obtenido se ajustó al proceso de producción de azúcares fermentables a partir del residuo lignocelulósico cañero. El análisis de varianza se realizó con el software SAS®. Los resultados fueron estadísticamente significativos para la interacción de AC * TEMP (R2 = 0.938491), e indicó la posibilidad de obtener azúcares fermentables del residuo de caña de azúcar.
The assessment of vine water uptake conditions by 13c/12c discrimination in grape sugar
Authors: Gaudillère Jean-Pierre , Van Leeuwen Cornelis , Trégoat Olivier
Published: June 2016

Carbon isotope discrimination in primary products of photosynthesis varies with plant water uptake conditions. This property was used to show that the 13C/12C ratio (called ΔC13) in grape sugars and tartrate measured at ripeness can be a valuable indicator of vine water deficit. Correlation between ΔC13 in grape sugar and minimum pre-dawn leaf water potential is excellent (R2 = 0,81; n = 36). A statistically significant effect of soil and vintage is pointed out. When measured on a great number of plots of an estate, ΔC13 varies with the soil type. This proves ΔC13 can be a valuable tool in « terroir » studies. ΔC13 measured on phenolic compounds in wine is also significantly correlated to minimum pre-dawn leaf water potential as well as to ΔC13 in grape sugar. ΔC13 is actually the only tool capable to assess global vine water uptake conditions between veraison and harvest at a low cost, without the installation of heavy equipment in the vineyard.
Appreciation and «on-line» comparison of colour and phenolic structure of red wines
Authors: Blouin Jacques , Pierre-Loti-Viaud Daniel , Crachereau Nathalie , Richard J.-P.
Published: June 2016

If, on one hand, the visual appreciation of wines color is of the greatest importance, on the other hand, its objective characterisation is essential. For more than a century, many methods have been proposed. The technique we describe here is new under two main aspects:

- first, it allows a quantitative traitment of the whole spectrum, including both major, classical peaks and the residual part (part of the spectrum remaining after elimination of major peaks), unexploitable until now. The spectrum is decomposed in a vector whose the number of scalars components is computed in such a way that the loss of information resulting of this decomposition is determined in advance;

- secondly, the vector representing the whole spectrum is used in an original way for classifications and multivariate comparisons.

We applied this technique to classification of 213 identified wines of Bordeaux area and compared our results to usual methods. Beyond this application, one can see that any wine can be defined, from now, by a vector whose components are of any kind: spectral, chromatographic, analytic, organoleptic. The great number of possible components permits us to eliminate the less discriminant ones and to select, iteratively, the more discriminant ones and to improve, by the way, classifications and comparisons.The measurements and their computerized treatment are so fast that we can speak of on-line results.
Microsatellite analysis to define genetic diversity of grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) grown in Central and Western Mediterranean countries
Authors: Labra Masssimo , Failla Osvaldo , Forni Gaetano , Ghiani Alessandra , Scienza Attilio , Sala Francesco
Published: June 2016

PCR-based microsatellite analysis has been applied to define the relationships among 238 grapevine cultivars selected as representative of local germplasm in the Central and Western Mediterranean regions.

The estimation of genetic distances among the five grapevines groups, based on cluster analysis, c2 tests and Principal Component Analysis, was coherent with a common geographic origin of cultivated grapes and of their primordial varietal radiation. In fact, genetic similarity was high among French and Iberian cultivars and among Greek and Balkan cultivars. The Italian grapes clustered in an intermediate position, reflecting its geographical location. Results show that the geographical distribution is consistent with a pattern of viticulture based on the origin of primordial varieties from regions in the Near East, and subsequent and multiple variety flows that linked different viticultural regions through different routes. This is coherent with the model of varietal diffusion proposed on the bases of archaeological and historical evidence, in which population movements and cultural exchange contributed to the phenomenon.
Effects of growth retardant application on grape quality of « Mavrodafni » grapevine variety
Authors: Zioziou Eleftheria , Tavernaraki Nektarios , Nikolaou Nikolaos
Published: June 2016

The effects of bloom applications of 2-Chloroethyltrimethylammonium chloride (CCC) and Succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (SADH) on fruit quality of Mavrodafni wine grape variety were studied. Over the vegetative period of 2000, sprays of 500 or 1 000 mg/l CCC and 3 000 or 6 000 mg/l SADH were applied, two weeks before bloom or at 20 p. cent of bloom in a completely randomized experimental design, replicated 10 times. Bunch and berry characteristics, berry composition, and phenolic maturity were measured at harvest. There were no differences between the two days of application. Berry number per bunch and per cm of rachis length, were increased by CCC 1 000 mg/l and SADH 6 000 mg/l treatments. Berry weight was decreased by all treatments with a greater reduction in CCC 1 000 mg/l treatment. Soluble solids were reduced by SADH treatment with a greater reduction in 6 000 mg/l of SADH and increased by CCC treatments at both concentrations. Anthocyanin concentration and extractability were increased in CCC at 1 000 mg/l treatments, while the extractability of grains tannins was reduced. A strong decrease of bud fertility was observed in 6 000 mg/l of SADH.
Faktor-faktor Prognosis Kematian Tetanus Neonatorum di RS Kabupaten Indramayu dan Kabupaten Cirebon
Authors: Tantijati Lili , Bantas Krisnawati
Published: June 2016

Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) di Indonesia masih tetap tinggi. Berdasarkan Biro Pusat Statistik (BPS) pada tahun 1995 adalah 55/1000 kelahiran hidup. Salah satu penyebab utama dari kematian bayi adalah penyakit tetanus neonatorum . Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan hubungan antara usia saat ditemukan adanya indikasi penyakit neonatarum pada bayi dengan timbulnya kematian yang disebabkan oleh tetanus neonatorum pada bayi-bayi tersebut di Kabupaten Indramayu pada tahun 1996-2001 . Penelitian ini menggunakan disain studi epidemiologi kasus-kontrol dengan perbandingan kasus dan kontrol 1:1. Jumlah sampel, 160 penderita tetanus neonatorum. Populasi studi adalah penderita tetanus neonatorum yang dirawat di RSD kabupaten Cirebon dan kabupaten Indramayu tahun 1996 - 2001. Variabel-variabel yang diteliti adalah variabel kematian (sebagai variable terikat), dan variabel usia neonatus saat onset penyakit, status kekebalan neonatus, berat lahir neonatus, kecepatan pertolongan, jenis, dosis, dan cara pemberian antibiotika; jenis, dosis, dan cara pemberian obat anti kejang dan cara pemberian ATS (sebagai variabel bebas). Semua variabel yang diteliti diukur dengan skala kategorikal. Analisis yang dilakukan secara bertahap meliputi analisis univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Analisis multivariat menggunakan analisis regresi logistik. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor prognosis kematian tetanus neonatorum adalah: usia penderita tetanus neonatorum ≤ 7 hari (OR= 20.06; nilai p= 0.000),dosis obat antibiotik yang lebih rendah dari standard (OR = 4.34; nilai p= 0.018), kecepatan pertolongan oleh fasilitas kesehatan >2 hari (OR=6.95; nilai p=0.000).Kata kunci: Faktor prognosis, kematian tetanus neonatorum.AbstractThe Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in Indonesia is still high. Based on Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) data, the IMR in 1995 was 55/1000 live births. One of the main causes of infant death in Indonesia is tetanus neonatorum. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between neonates’ age of disease onset and the infant death caused by tetanus neonatorum in Indramayu and Cirebon Districts in 1996-2001. The study design was case-control study with ratio of the number of cases and control of 1:1. The total number of sample was 160 neonates with tetanus neonatorum, consisted of 80-cases(death) and 80-control (live). The study population was neonates with tetanus neonatorum who were hospitalized in Cirebon and IndramayuDistrict Hospital. All of the study variables were measured using categorical scale. Study was analyzed by multivariate analysis, using unconditional logistic regression method. The result of the study showed that the prognostic factors of tetanus neonatorum death risk were age < 7 days old (OR =20.06 ; p value=0.000), neonates with lower than standard dose of antibiotics (OR=4.34; p value=0.018); delay of help by health facilities > 2 days (OR=6.95; p value=0.000).Key words: Prognosis factor, tetanus neonatorun death.
Prevalensi dan Determinan Hipertensi di Pulau Jawa, Tahun 2004
Authors: Setiawan Zamhir
Published: June 2016

Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko utama kardiovaskuler yang merupakan penyebab utama kematian di seluruh dunia. Peningkatan umur harapan hidup dan perubahan gaya hidup meningkatkan faktor risiko hipertensi di berbagai negara. Tujuan penelitian ini (1) Mengetahui prevalensi hipertensi dan penyebarannya di Pulau Jawa tahun 2004. (2) Mengetahui faktor-faktor sosiodemografi yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi. (3) Mengetahui kontribusi dan dampak potensial masing-masing faktor tersebut. Penelitian dengan rancangan studi Ekologi Multilevel ini menggabungkan variabel tingkat pengukuran individu dengan tingkat pengukuran ekologi dalam analisis bersama, dengan unit analisis individu. Analisis kontekstual dilakukan melalui kerangka konsep hipertensi, menggunakan metode analisis regresi logistik ganda, dengan status hipertensi sebagai variabel dependen. Data variabel dependen dan variabel perancu yang merupakan data pengukuran tingkat individu diambil dari data SKRT 2004. Data sosiodemografi tingkat pengukuran ekologi sebagai variabel independen utama, diperoleh dari Profil Kesehatan Indonesia, Statistik Indonesia, Statistik Kesehatan, Statistik Kesejahteraan Rakyat, danData Departemen Dalam Negeri, unit pengamatan provinsi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan prevalensi hipertensi di Pulau Jawa 41,9%, dengan kisaran di masing-masing provinsi 36,6%-47,7%. Prevalensi di perkotaan 39,9% (37,0%-45,8%) dan di perdesaan 44,1% (36,2%-51,7%). Kata kunci: Hipertensi, faktor sosiodemografiAbstractHypertension is a main risk factor of cardiovascular disease which is ranked as number one cause of death in the world. The increase of life expectancy and changes in life style have increased the prevalence of hypertension risk factor in both developed and developing countries. The objectives of this study are (1) To know the prevalence and distribution of hypertension in di Java island, in year 2004. (2) To know sosiodemographic factors related to hypertension. (3) To know the contribution of each sosiodemographic factor toward hypertension. The study used multilevel ecologic study design that integrated both individual and ecological level variables measurement. The analysis method used in this study was contextual analysis and multiple logistic regression with hypertension status as dependent variable. The individual level measurement of variables such as hypertension status and age, job, education and sex is taken from Household Health Survey (SKRT) 2004. The sosiodemographic data which was ecological measurement level served as the main independent variables were taken from Indonesian Health Profile, Indonesian Health Statistics, Public Welfare Statistics and data from Department of Internal Affair, particularly from Province Surveillance Unit. The study results showed that the prevalence of hypertension in Java Island was 41.9%, with range of prevalence in provincial level of 36.6%-47.7%. The prevalence in urban areas was 39.9% (37.0%-45.8%) and in rural areas was 44.1% (36.2%-51.7%)Keywords: Hypertension, sosiodemographic factors