bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Wide Application of Artificial Intelligence in Pharma Field
Authors: Holey Vaidehi Sunil , Baitule Ajay W.
Published: February 2025

The biotech sector is greatly impacted by machine learning models and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. AI is focused on creating intelligent modeling, which aids in knowledge creation, problem solving, and decision making. Applications of AI include clinical trials, communication, and drug target identification in addition to the discovery, development, and production of life-saving medications. These days, artificial intelligence (AI) is a major factor in many pharmacy domains, including poly-pharmacology, hospital pharmacy, drug discovery, and drug delivery formulation development. Using specific keywords and phrases like "Artificial intelligence," "Pharmaceutical research," "drug discovery," "clinical trial," "disease diagnosis," etc., the literature was gathered from domains like Pub Med, Science Direct, and Google Scholar in order to select and review articles published within the last five years. the use of AI in pharmaceutical manufacturing, pharmacovigilance, quality control, and many other areas, including medication development and design.
Flood risks in Hue, Central Viet Nam: An assessment of flood hazards, exposures, vulnerabilities, root causes and impacts
Authors: Sett Dominic , Waldschmidt Florian , Bueche Kerstin , Ortiz-Vargas Andrea , Behre Eike , Souvignet Maxime , Obaitor Olabisi S. , Schinkel Ulrike , Walz Yvonne , Garschagen Matthias , Nguyen Dang Giang Chau , Nguyen Linh Hoang Khanh , Bachofer Felix , Hagenlocher Michael
Published: February 2025

With its long coastline and dense populations along rivers and coastal zones, Viet Nam is one of the world’s countries most affected by floods. Thua Thien Hue province in Central Viet Nam is one region that is particularly prone to flooding as it has two to three floods of varying severity each year, which cause significant damage to people, infrastructure and nature. To effectively reduce future flood impacts and enhance the region’s resilience to floods, it is crucial to understand flood risk drivers and how they progress to the adverse impacts. These include identifying flood-prone areas, understanding who and what is in these areas, that is, exposed to floods (e.g. people or infrastructure), and determining how exposed people and elements are vulnerable to harm from floods. However, this information is currently unavailable in the region, hindering effective risk management. This report addresses this need with insights into the complex nature of flood risks for the urban region of Hue, and recommendations for comprehensive and sustainable flood risk management and adaptation strategies at the catchment level, including risk-informed spatial development planning. More specifically, this report provides an overview of past flood events and their impacts on the region (see chapter 2), an in-depth analysis of key flood impacts on people, livelihoods, transport and water quality, including risk drivers, root causes and interconnections (see chapter 3), an outlook on future flood risks in Hue (see chapter 4), and entry points for comprehensive flood risk management and adaptation (see chapter 5). The report concludes with a summary and an outlook (see chapter 6).
Разработка и исследование алгоритма обратного распространения ошибки для квантовой сети
Authors: Гушанский С.М. , Потапов В.С.
Published: February 2025

В работе рассматривается алгоритм обратного распространения ошибки, адаптированного для квантовых нейронных сетей. Основное внимание уделено разработке и модификации традиционного метода обратного распространения ошибки для его применения в условиях квантовой природы данных. Анализируются теоретические аспекты, связанные с квантовыми состояниями,суперпозицией и запутанностью, а также их влияние на эффективность и корректность обучения квантовых сетей. Обоснована актуальность математического алгоритма, включая использование матриц плотности и квантовых операторов для описания и оптимизации параметров сети. Проведено экспериментальное моделирование предложенного подхода на наборах квантовых данных, которое показало высокую точность и стабильность предложенного метода. Обсуждаются ограничения алгоритма, связанные с шумами в квантовых системах и вычислительными затратами при увеличении числа кубитов. Полученные результаты демонстрируют потенциал применения разработанного алгоритма для задач оптимизации и обучения квантовых моделей, что открывает новые перспективы для дальнейшего развития квантового машинного обучения и создания гибридных классико-квантовых алгоритмов.

The paper considers the algorithm of error back propagation adapted for quantum neural networks. The main attention is paid to the development and modification of the traditional method of error back propagation for its application in conditions of quantum nature of data. Theoretical aspects related to quantum states, superposition and entanglement, as well as their influence on the efficiency and correctness of training of quantum networks are analyzed. The relevance of the mathematical algorithm,including the use of density matrices and quantum operators to describe and optimize the network parameters, is substantiated. Experimental modeling of the proposed approach on quantum data sets is carried out, which showed high accuracy and stability of the proposed method. The limitations of the algorithm related to noise in quantum systems and computational costs with increasing number of qubits are discussed. The results demonstrate the potential of the developed algorithm for optimization and training of quantum models, which opens new perspectives for further development of quantum machine learning and creation of hybrid classical-quantum algorithms.
Структура сетей мобильной сотовой связи стандарта GSM
Authors: Яцкевич Е.С. , Кушнир Н.В. , Ковтун А.А. , Власенко А.В. , Оганян А.Р. , Высоцкий В.А.
Published: February 2025

В статье рассматривается структура сетей мобильной сотовой связи стандарта GSM. В ней анализируются архитектура сети, включая радиоподсистему,подсистему базовых станций и подсистему коммутации. Обсуждаются различные типы ячеек, используемых в сетях GSM, и их влияние на покрытие и пропускную способность. Представлен подробный обзор протоколов, используемых в сетях GSM,включая протоколы доступа к радиоканалу, протоколы управления мобильностью и протоколы сигнализации. Анализируются механизмы обеспечения безопасности, реализованные в сетях GSM, такие как шифрование и аутентификация. Исследуются преимущества и недостатки сетей GSM, включая их широкое покрытие,надежность и относительно низкая стоимость. Обсуждаются ограничения сетей GSM,такие как ограниченная пропускная способность и уязвимость к определенным типам атак. Статья предназначена для инженеров и студентов, интересующихся сетями мобильной сотовой связи. Она позволяет понять структуру и работу сетей GSM,что является необходимым элементом при разработке и оптимизации будущих систем мобильной связи.

In the paper the structure of GSM mobile networks is considered. The network architecture, including the radio subsystem, base station subsystem and switching subsystem are analyzed. The different cell types used in GSM networks and their impact on coverage and capacity are discussed. A detailed overview of the protocols used in GSM networks is presented, including radio channel access protocols, mobility management protocols, and signaling protocols. Security mechanisms implemented in GSM networks, such as encryption and authentication, are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of GSM networks are investigated, including their wide coverage, reliability and relatively low cost. The limitations of GSM networks such as limited bandwidth and vulnerability to certain types of attacks are discussed. The paper is intended for engineers and students interested in mobile cellular networks. It provides an understanding of the structure and operation of GSM networks, which is an essential element in the design and optimization of future mobile communication systems.
ВЛИЯНИЕ САНКЦИОННЫХ ОГРАНИЧЕНИЙ НА РАЗВИТИЕ НЕФТЕГАЗОВОЙ ОТРАСЛИ РФ
Authors: КУРИЛОВ Д.С.
Published: February 2025

В связи с изменением геополитической обстановки в отношении Российской Федерации были введены санкционные ограничения, которые затронули нефтегазовую отрасль. Нефтегазовая отрасль является очень важной для экономики России, так как обеспечивает существенную долю поступления доходов в бюджет, поэтому её способность адаптироваться к текущим условиям и справиться с новыми вызовами будет напрямую влиять на экономическое и технологическое развитие всей страны в ближайшие годы. В рамках исследования рассмотрены санкционные ограничения, введенные в отношении нефтегазовой отрасли Российской Федерации, начиная с 2014 года. Проанализирована работа отечественных компаний по разработке и созданию собственных технологий во всех областях нефтегазовой отрасли. На основе анализа составлена тепловая матрица рисков от санкционных ограничений в кратко-, средне- и долгосрочной перспективе. Сделаны выводы о том, какие действия необходимо предпринять для минимизации воздействия санкционных ограничений.

Due to the changing geopolitical situation, sanctions restrictions were imposed on the Russian Federation, which affected the oil and gas industry. The oil and gas industry is very important for the Russian economy, as it provides a significant share of revenue to the budget, so its ability to adapt to current conditions and cope with new challenges will directly affect the economic and technological development of the whole country in the coming years. The study examines the sanctions restrictions imposed on the oil and gas industry of the Russian Federation since 2014. The work of domestic companies on the development and creation of their own technologies in all areas of the oil and gas industry is analyzed. Based on the analysis, a thermal matrix of risks from sanctions restrictions in the short, medium and long term has been compiled. Conclusions have been drawn on what actions need to be taken to minimize the impact of sanctions restrictions.
ЦИФРОВАЯ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ МАРКЕТИНГОВОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ: ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЙ БАЗИС
Authors: ПЯТАЧЕНКО А.М.
Published: February 2025

В статье проведено исследование понятийного аппарата маркетинговой деятельности, выделено, что происходящие процессы цифровой трансформации коренным образом изменили маркетинг, превратив его в комплексную системную деятельность в цифровой маркетинговой экосистеме с ориентацией на индивидуальность потребителя. Определено, что цифровая трансформация - это процесс внедрения цифровых технологий в условиях развития цифровой экономики для усовершенствования бизнес-процессов, жизнедеятельности человечества, общества, региона и в целом самого государства. С целью определения актуальности исследования в работе представлена динамика упоминания дефиниций «маркетинг» и «цифровой маркетинг» в научной электронной базе. Обобщены инструменты цифрового маркетинга, которые могут быть применимы для исследования потребительского поведения, разработки целевых маркетинговых стратегий, способствуют удержанию конкурентоспособности на рынке. Даны авторские определения дефиниций «цифровой маркетинг» и «цифровая трансформация маркетинговой деятельности».

The paper examines the conceptual framework of marketing activities, highlights that the ongoing processes of digital transformation have radically changed marketing, turning it into a complex systemic activity in the digital marketing ecosystem with a focus on consumer individuality. It is determined that digital transformation is the process of introducing digital technologies in the context of the development of the digital economy to improve business processes, the life of mankind, society, the region and the state itself as a whole. In order to determine the relevance of the research, the paper presents the dynamics of mentioning the definitions of "marketing" and "digital marketing" in the scientific electronic database. The paper summarizes the tools of digital marketing that can be used to study consumer behavior, develop targeted marketing strategies, and help maintain competitiveness in the market. The author gives definitions of the "digital marketing" and "digital transformation of marketing activities".
Desigualdad del consumo de hortalizas en Guatemala
Authors: Reyes Hernández Mamerto , Calderón Aguirre Lesbia A.
Published: February 2025

Guatemala es un país con alta desigualdad social y económica, que de acuerdo con investigaciones nacionales, se observa en las distribuciones de la tierra, ingresos, educación, habilidades académicas y consumo de alimentos cárnicos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la desigualdad en el consumo de hortalizas. Se empleó la base de datos de la Encuesta de Condiciones de Vida de 2014. La metodología usada consideró tres etapas de análisis. En la primera se calcularon porcentajes de hogares que consumen las hortalizas, promedios de consumo por hogar, coeficientes de variación y coeficientes de Gini de los consumos de cada hortaliza.  Luego usando regresiones se analizaron las relaciones que guardan el porcentaje de hogares consumidores, coeficientes de variación y coeficientes de Gini.  En la segunda etapa se agrupó la información por quintiles de gasto del hogar para hacer comparaciones de proporciones de hogares consumidores y medias de consumo de seis hortalizas seleccionadas para realizar descomposiciones de sus coeficientes de Gini (tomate, cebolla, ejote, coliflor, apio y arveja).  Las comparaciones de proporciones y medias se hicieron con las pruebas de Marascuilo y Scott-Knott.  En la tercera etapa, con el enfoque de Dagum se descompusieron los coeficientes de Gini de las seis hortalizas en la segunda etapa.  Se encontró que los coeficientes de Gini oscilaron entre 0.38 y 0.89; el consumo de hortalizas aumenta en la medida que los hogares tienen mayores oportunidades económicas, la desigualdad del consumo y el porcentaje de hogares consumidores guarda una relación negativa; y que la desigualdad al interior de los quintiles provee casi un quinto de la magnitud que tienen los coeficientes de Gini y cuatro quintos provienen de la desigualdad entre quintiles.
Strengthening the entrepreneurial ecosystem through innovation: A case study of Pasundan University
Authors: Hindarsah Ida , Kania Trisa Nur , Diawati Prety , Fahrudin Adi
Published: February 2025

This study explores the entrepreneurial ecosystem's influence on fostering innovation among students at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Pasundan University. It aims to identify how material, social, and cultural attributes within the ecosystem impact student innovation. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing questionnaires distributed to 386 students who had taken entrepreneurship courses. Path analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationships between ecosystem dimensions and innovation. The results reveal that the entrepreneurial ecosystem positively impacts innovation. Material, social, and cultural attributes significantly contribute to fostering innovative capacities, with cultural attributes exerting the strongest influence. This underscores the importance of a supportive environment in promoting entrepreneurial initiatives and creative thinking. Strengthening entrepreneurial ecosystems within universities is vital for cultivating innovation. The interaction of material, social, and cultural attributes fosters a conducive environment for developing student entrepreneurial potential. Institutions should prioritize policies that enhance infrastructure, mentorship, and entrepreneurial culture. These include developing business incubators, increasing access to mentors, and fostering a supportive cultural environment that encourages entrepreneurial pursuits. This approach ensures long-term sustainability and competitiveness for students and universities in the global economy.
Safety Evaluation of Catalytic Synthesis Off-Gases through Explosion Pressure Determination
Authors: Čespiva Jakub , Skřínský Jan , Sangeetha Thangavel , Kupka David
Published: February 2025

Article
Safety Evaluation of Catalytic Synthesis Off-Gases through Explosion Pressure Determination

Jakub Čespiva 1,*, Jan Skřínský 1, Thangavel Sangeetha 2,3, and David Kupka 1

1 Energy Research Centre, Centre for Energy and Environmental Technologies, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
2 Department of Energy and Refrigerating, Air-Conditioning Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
3 Research Center of Energy Conservation for New Generation of Residential, Commercial, and Industrial Sectors, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
* Correspondence: jakub.cespiva@vsb.cz

Received: 24 December 2024; Revised: 20 February 2025; Accepted: 21 February 2025; Published: 24 February 2025

Abstract: In this research evaluation, the catalytic synthesis off-gas was investigated through a safety assessment approach. Though operation safety measures are of utmost importance in the industrial processes, they are difficult to maintain when variable components are dealt with. Four different scenarios based on various process phases and off-gas compositions were experimentally evaluated. The results exhibited significant differences in explosion pressure values, revealing the most severe consequences during the start-up phase, when H2 is abundant, and during the advanced process (over 30 h of operation), when CO is abundant in the off-gas composition. The first case possessed 200 MPa/s explosion pressure change, while the latter was equal to 152 MPa/s. These findings have provided a significant guideline for progressive industrial applications with complex material mass balance.
Casualisation of Work and Employees’ Satisfaction in the BUA Group of Companies, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Fasanmi Olumuyiwa Oladapo , Sodeinde Gbemi Moses Sodeinde , Babatunde Bayode Olusanya Babatunde , Alabi Williams Omodara Alabi , Alabi Bolatito Boladale Alabi
Published: February 2025

Casualisation of work in the globe and certainly in Nigeria is in contrast to the labours’ tenets as this has most often resulted in conflict between employees, their unions, and employers across different workplaces in Nigeria and the world at large. The study investigated the impact of casualisation of work on employees’ job satisfaction in the BUA Group of Companies, Lagos, Nigeria. This was done with a population of 864 and sample size of 273. The hypotheses of the study were tested with the use of Pearson Correlation statistical tool. Findings of the study exhibited a positive significant impact of: temporary employment on staff’s personal growth; and non-standard employment on workers’ job competency in BUA Group of Companies, Lagos. It was concluded that casual workers in the organisation used to enjoy some measures of cares that are given to their permanent counterparts. The study, then recommended stern measures by the Nigerian Government at all levels to make sure that workplaces in the country comply with the provisions of the 2010 Casualisation Prohibition Bill which is capable of guaranteeing equal rights to all workers.
Uso de Decanoato de Nandrolona estimulando a proliferação óssea com união retardada de fratura de tíbia em cão: relato de caso
Authors: Souza Larissa Santos de , Martins Guilherme da Silva , Oliveira Isabela Damaceno de , Arikita Nathaly Tamie Ioshida , Leme Angélica da Silva , Yamada Diego Iwao , Franco Rodrigo Prevedello , Siqueira Rafael Cerântola
Published: February 2025

A não união óssea costuma ser comum em fraturas de ossos longos de cães principalmente nas raças pequenas que é o caso do animal mencionado no presente trabalho, sendo suas principais causas: falta de aporte sanguíneo, tratamento cirúrgico inadequado, demora para a realização do procedimento cirúrgico, manipulação exagerada, estado nutricional, contaminação por bactérias e uso de corticóides em doses altas e prolongadas, no caso apresentado o animal foi atropelado, submetido a procedimento cirúrgico de osteossíntese de tíbia e não realizava o repouso como orientado. O Decanoato de Nandrolona (Deca Durabolin®) é um esteróide anabolizante sintético, derivado da testosterona, onde o presente trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar sua eficácia já que o mesmo vem sendo uma alternativa de tratamento das afecções ósseas, visto que o seu uso in vivo a diversos efeitos colaterais, requer mais estudos. Já in vitro, o uso de andrógenos estimula as células osteoblásticas. Baseado nisso foi realizado o protocolo e aplicado no animal sendo o animal de proprietários, provenientes do atendimento no Hospital Veterinário “Dr. Vicente Borelli” da Universidade de Marília – Unimar. Após a autorização via termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido aos tutores o mesmo foi submetido ao tratamento adjuvante com Decanoato de Nandrolona (Deca durabolin ®) na dose de 1mg/kg/IM com quatro aplicações em intervalos de 7 dias. Após o protocolo aplicado o animal foi acompanhado através da clínica e de exames complementares de imagens (raio-x) e concluiu-se que o protocolo aplicado foi eficiente para o animal.
Percepções de satisfação relacionadas à saúde de pessoas idosas participantes e não-participantes de programa educacional
Authors: Inouye Keika , Azorli Laura Alqueja , Guiesi Pedro Henrique Machado , Iroldi Grazielle Ferreira , Grazziano Pedro , Souza Maxsuel Oliveira de , Bocchio Adriana dos Santos , Ribeiro Dayane Moreira , Pieretti Joao Henrique Donizete , Nery Maria Julia , Yazawa Mayara Mayumi , Siqueira Thays Oliveira de , Orlandi Ariene Angelini dos Santos , Orlandi Fabiana de Souza , Pavarini Sofia Cristina Iost
Published: February 2025

Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar a percepção subjetiva de saúde de um grupo de pessoas idosas que participou e outro que não participou do programa educacional Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade. Os sujeitos de pesquisa (n=112) foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a participação ou não no programa. As medidas foram obtidas por meio da Escala para Medida de Satisfação com a Vida. Os dados foram inseridos em um banco para realização de análises não-paramétricas. Quanto ao escore final dos domínios saúde, capacidade física, capacidade mental e envolvimento social, as médias na versão dos participantes do programa educacional foram de 12,29 (dp=2,45), 12,43 (dp=2,45), 12,39 (dp=2,68) e 13,73 pontos (dp=2,41), respectivamente, e na versão das pessoas idosas que não participaram, de 9,77 (dp=2,65), 9,89 (dp=2,72), 10,89 (dp=2,80) e 10,66 pontos (dp=3,04). Os resultados apontaram diferença significativa entre os grupos (p<0,05). Conclui-se, nesta investigação, que a participação nas atividades do programa educacional tem influência positiva sobre os indivíduos.
Italian in Wonderland, an OER Digital Language and Culture Learning Platform Bridging Lower and Upper Division Levels
Authors: Bellocchio Maria Letizia , Cavatorta Beppe , Gaspar Borbala
Published: February 2025

This article presents Italian in Wonderland (https://italianinwonderland.arizona.edu/), an open education digital platform designed for basic, intermediate and upper-level Italian courses. This innovative platform, funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities, progresses from easy to challenging ensuring a smooth and continuous learning experience eliminating the disparity between lower and upper division courses. Italian in Wonderland uses a holistic teaching and learning approach integrating Italian language and culture and offering instructors and learners up-to-date materials centered around a variety of cultural topics. In this article we outline the origin of the project and the undertaking of bridging language and upper division courses. We delve into the courses and modules design highlighting the various activities we developed, with a particular emphasis on a learner-centric pedagogy that encourages active participation. By fostering engagement, Italian in Wonderland aims to encourage ongoing learning in upper division levels and equip learners for future professional pursuits.
Macro and Micro Methods for Integrating AI Technologies in Universal Design
Authors: Di Rosa Rossella , Heim Julia
Published: February 2025

It is well known that technology has played a crucial role in foreign language instruction in the last decades and has allowed educators to teach remotely or in blended environments, teach new digital literacies, find authentic materials, foster engagement, and promote collaborative learning, among other goals. Recently, the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) systems in education, particularly in foreign language learning, has raised several concerns. This article begins by highlighting the larger theoretical reasoning for integrating AI into our classrooms by positioning it within the Universal Design for Learning framework and then presents specific examples of the methods and practices instructors may use to incorporate AI in Italian language, culture, and literature courses and introduce literature at the lower levels of the language sequence.
Introducing Immigration and Integration in the Italian Language Curriculum: An Approach Based on ACTFL Standards
Authors: Biffanti Daniele , Pavan Daniela Pozzi
Published: February 2025

This article explores how to introduce intermediate to advanced Italian language learners to the topics of immigration and cultural integration in contemporary Italy, with activities based on the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages standards. By choosing level-appropriate materials that productively engage adult language learners, and developing effective pedagogical activities, we adopt proficiency-oriented strategies that promote critical thinking and cultural and intercultural competence. The article provides examples of a diverse range of comprehensible, culturally authentic material—such as movies La festa più bellissima by Hedy Krissane and Bangla. L'amore ai tempi delle seconde generazioni by Phaim Bhuiyan and short stories “Dismatria” by Igiaba Scego and “La maratona continua” by Addes Tesfamariam—and effective learning activities that allow learners to acquire a renewed understanding of Italian society as a multicultural space. The pedagogical activities presented in the article allow learners to explore the immigration and integration process in Italy through a multiplicity of first-person experiences and perspectives.
NURSES ABILITIES OF CRITICAL THINKING AND CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING CORRELATED WITH QUALITY OF NURSING HANDOVER
Authors: SALEEM S , ARSHAD H , SADDIQUE T , SALEEM U , KHAN FIA
Published: February 2025

Background: Effective nursing handovers are essential for patient safety and continuity of care. Critical thinking and clinical decision-making are vital cognitive skills that ensure structured, accurate, error-free handovers. Despite their importance, research on how these cognitive abilities influence nursing handovers in Pakistan is limited. Objective:This study aims to evaluate the relationship between critical thinking, clinical decision-making, and the quality of nursing handovers among nurses in tertiary care hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. Study Design:A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Settings: The study was conducted at Services Hospital Lahore and Fatima Memorial Hospital Lahore, both tertiary care hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. Duration of Study: The study was conducted September 2023 to February 2024. Methods: A total of 171 nurses were recruited using a convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, including the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI), the Clinical Decision-Making in Nursing Scale (CDMNS), and the Handover Evaluation Scale (HES). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, applying descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis to assess the associations between the variables. A p-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study found that 50.9% of nurses acknowledged the role of critical thinking in nursing handovers, while only 38.6% expressed confidence in their decision-making abilities. A significant positive correlation was observed between critical thinking and clinical decision-making (r = 0.470, p < 0.001) and between decision-making and handover quality (r = 0.528, p < 0.001). Nurses with higher critical thinking scores reported improved handover accuracy and fewer communication errors. However, only 35.1% of nurses had received formal critical thinking training, indicating a significant gap in nursing education. Conclusion: The study confirms that critical thinking and decision-making skills significantly enhance the quality of nursing handovers. The findings highlight the importance of structured training programs and standardised handover protocols in Pakistani hospitals. Integrating evidence-based communication tools like SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation) into clinical practice is crucial. Future research should focus on interventional studies evaluating the impact of critical thinking training on patient outcomes.
Peran Pemuda Tani Dalam Pencegahan Penyebaran COVID-19 di Tingkat Petani (Kasus di Kabupaten Magelang)
Authors: Hartati Puji , Susanto Susanto
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis peran pemuda tani  mengubah perilaku tentang Cara menjaga kebersihan diri untuk mencegah penularan  Corona Virus Disease-19.  Penelitian dilakukan dengan  pretest dan posttest tanpa menggunakan kontrol. Populasi adalah Kelompok Tani di Kecamatan Ngablak,  sebagai kelas belajar dipilih Kelompok Tani Bumi Lestari. Responden akan diberi penyuluhan tentang 7 (tujuh) cara menjaga kebersihan diri sesuai standar World Health Organization. Metode penyuluhan yang digunakan adalah dengan pendekatan individu/anjangsana. Analisis data menggunakan Uji Gain Ternormalisasi (N-Gain). Hasil analisis  N-Gain Score 0,5 (ketegori sedang). menunjukkan bahwa upaya penyuluhan yang dilakukan menghasilkan perubahan perilaku pada kategori sedang.
Instantes Confinados
Authors: Francisco Cassini Adriel Henrique
Published: February 2025

A pandemia de Covid-19 em 2020 desencadeou uma crise de saúde e iniciou uma era de transformações sociais. A fotografia surgiu como uma ferramenta para documentar os impactos dessa crise, capturando momentos que se tornaram registros históricos. As imagens incorporam a visão dos fotógrafos, contribuindo para a memória coletiva dos eventos. Isso é visível nas fotografias que contam a história da pandemia. Analisamos cinco imagens da Medicins Sans Frontieres em diferentes países, à luz dos conceitos de Kossoy (2012) e Joly (2007), que discutem a natureza e a linguagem da fotografia. A aplicação da análise nos níveis pré-iconográfico, iconográfico e iconológico, conforme a metodologia de Panofsky (1989), revela significados mais profundos, oferecendo insights sobre as mensagens nessas fotografias. Essa pesquisa destaca a importância dessas imagens e sua capacidade de contar a história de um período desafiador.
Baile perfumado
Authors: Da Silva Guedes Heverton
Published: February 2025

Conjugando análise fílmica e revisão bibliográfica, a presente pesquisa propõe um estudo de Baile Perfumado (1996), de Lírio Ferreira e Paulo Caldas, à luz da memória, isto é, procura evidenciar como o filme opera em dimensões distintas do “rememorar” e, por conseguinte, como isso pode significar uma chave interessante para leitura da obra. Ancorando-nos em três níveis de apreciação do tema – individual, social e cinematográfico –, discutimos a intrincada interação entre imaginário coletivo e agenciamento midiático e intuímos, de antemão, que estamos diante de um título notável que parte do registro do cangaço para a revisão, em forma e em discurso, da paisagem-sertão (ALBUQUERQUE, 2016; BENTES, 2007; CUNHA, 2016).
PENGARUH SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING, HARGA, DAN KUALITAS PRODUK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN TOKO ASIA BARU CAKE & BAKERY KENDARI
Authors: Sardi Wisnu Tri , Adinansyah Rafly
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this research is: (1) Determine the influence of social media marketing on purchase decisions at Asia Baru Cake & Bakery Kendari. (2) Determine the influence of price on purchase decisions at Asia Baru Cake & Bakery Kendari. (3) Determine the influence of product quality on purchase decisions at Asia Baru Cake & Bakery Kendari. This research is categorized as quantitative, with the consumers of Asia Baru Cake & Bakery in Kendari as the primary population. A total of 96 individuals were selected as the sample using a non-probability sampling approach, specifically employing purposive sampling. The data collection instrument was a Google Form-based questionnaire using a Likert Scale for measurement. The collected data was then analyzed using multiple linear regression. Based on the analysis results, it was found that social media marketing has a positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions. Similarly, price and product quality variables also show substantial positive effects on purchasing decisions. When tested simultaneously, the three variables—social media marketing, price, and product quality—significantly influence consumers' purchasing decisions.
Phytochemical screening and Identification of Bioactive compounds of Methanol extracts of Mitracarpus scaber through FTIR and GCMS Analysis
Authors: Attah Friday , Abalaka Moses
Published: February 2025

Plants have served as a traditional remedy for humans throughout history, due to their availability, perceived safety, and easy access. Mitracarpus scaber, a herb historically appreciated for its usefulness in treating various skin problems, was the focus of this current research aiming to identify the plant's phytocompounds content using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods. The presence of phenols, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, tannins, and terpenoids were identified through phytochemical screening. The plant's chemical composition was analysed by FTIR, the results indicate the presence of the following functional groups: C=C, C-Cl, C-N, S=O, C-N, O-H, N-O, C=O, C-H, and N-H. The GC-MS result revealed 18 phytocompounds, with the following being the most abundant: Oleic acid (23.22%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (14.60%), 1, 3-dioxolane (13.50%), 11-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester (10.12%), Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (9.18%), 4-Trifluoroacetoxy hexadecane (5.97%), Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester (4.58%), and Stearic acid methyl ester (3.08%), all of which have medicinal value. The study revealed Mitracarpus scaber's medicinal potential, emphasizing its importance in pharmaceutical research and the development of novel drugs, particularly for skin infections. More pharmacological research is needed to fully explore the therapeutic effects of these bioactive substances on skin disease causative agents.
Sine Type II Topp-Leone Exponential Distribution: Properties, Simulation and Application
Authors: Bashiru Sule , Ali Ibrahim , Auwal Abubakar , Isa Alhaji
Published: February 2025

In this study, we introduce a novel extension of the exponential distribution known as the Sine Type II Topp-Leone Exponential (STIITLEx) distribution. We derive key properties of this distribution, including the quantile function, survival function, moments, moment-generating function, and entropy. Parameter estimation is performed using the maximum likelihood estimation method, and a comprehensive simulation study was conducted to evaluate the estimator's consistency. Our simulation results confirmed the estimator's consistency, as indicated by diminishing bias and root mean square error (RMSE) with increasing sample sizes. Applying the model to two real-world datasets, we compare its performance against existing models with a common baseline. Our findings demonstrate that the STIITLEx model offers a superior fit to the datasets across all seven evaluation metrics considered.
Bayesian Geo-additive Modelling of State-level Heterogeneity In Anaemia Prevalence and Risk Factors Among Under Five Children In Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim Aminu , Adeyemi rashid , Usman abubakar , Adabara nasiru , Musa aisha
Published: February 2025

Anemia is a very serious global health issue, particularly in sub-Saharan African countries, where it has significant implications for both human health and economic development. This study aims to identify the socioeconomic, demographic and climatic factors as well as geographical variations linked to the prevalence of anaemia in young children in Nigeria, based on the results of the 2018 Nigeria demographic and health survey. The association between various types of covariates and possible spatial variations was explored using a hierarchical Bayesian geo-additive modelling approach. In particular, the study focused on a binary response variable. Out of the four formulated semi-parametric models, geo-additive model with both structured and unstructured random effects was found to be the best fitted. The findings of the study reveal significant spatial variation in anemia risk, with the highest risk observed in the states of Sokoto, Niger, Akwa Ibom, Ebonyi and Bauchi. Besides, educational level of a child’s mother, wealth status of household, a child’s area of residence, prevalence of malaria and land surface temperature were all associated with childhood anemia. The prevalence of infant anemia decreased with increasing child's age. Mother’s Body Mass Index also has inverse relationship with the risk of childhood anaemia. Given the observed state-level patterns of anemia risk, it is important to implement targeted programs that address the specific needs of vulnerable children in each state. This could help reduce the prevalence of childhood anemia in the Nigeria.
A Comprehensive Review on Emerging and Micropollutant Removal Using Electrochemical and Bioelectrochemical Techniques
Authors: Mathew John , Inobeme Abel , Azeh Yakubu , Musah Monday , Shaba Elijah , Muhammad Aishetu , Etsuyankpa Muhammad , Tanko Musa , Ismail Haruna , Mohammed Abubakar
Published: February 2025

Rapid industrialization and urbanization have led to the widespread occurrence of emerging contaminants and micropollutants in water sources, posing a significant threat to both ecosystems and human health. Traditional water treatment methods often fall short in efficiently removing these complex and persistent pollutants. In recent years, electrochemical and bioelectrochemical techniques have emerged as promising and sustainable alternatives for the removal of emerging contaminants and micropollutants. As the global community strives to address water pollution challenges, the integration of electrochemical and bioelectrochemical techniques presents a promising avenue for the development of efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly solutions for the removal of emerging contaminants and micropollutants from water sources. This review highlights the recent advancements and applications of electrochemical and bioelectrochemical processes in the removal of a diverse range of emerging contaminants, including pharmaceuticals, personal care products, pesticides, and industrial chemicals. Electrochemical methods such as electrocoagulation, electrooxidation, and electrochemical adsorption have demonstrated high efficacy in the degradation and removal of these pollutants. Furthermore, bioelectrochemical systems, harnessing the power of microbial metabolism, have shown great potential in enhancing pollutant removal through processes such as microbial fuel cells, bioelectrochemical reactors, and enzymatic bioelectrodes. The synergistic combination of electrochemical and biological mechanisms offers a versatile and sustainable approach for the remediation of water contaminated with micropollutants. This review explores the underlying mechanisms, key factors influencing performance, and recent developments in electrode materials and microbial consortia for enhanced pollutant removal. Additionally, the economic feasibility and scalability of electrochemical and bioelectrochemical technologies for large-scale water treatment are discussed.
Evaluating Figuil Limestone and Shellfish as Sustainable Calcium Sources for Poultry Nutrition: A Comparative Study with Physicochemical Characterization of Quail Eggshells
Authors: Djanabou Moussa , Djitie Francois , Njimou Jacques , Lemougna Patrick , Kepdieu Jean , rusu Razvan , Njintang Nicolas
Published: February 2025

Aim/Background: Calcium is an essential mineral in poultry nutrition, crucial for skeletal development and eggshell quality. Marine shell extraction is labor-intensive and costly, so alternative calcium sources are necessary to reduce feed costs and preserve aquatic ecosystems. This study assesses the efficacy of Figuil limestone, shellfish, and quail eggshells as dietary calcium sources, primarily focusing on improving animal welfare.
Materials and Methods: Advanced analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), used to conduct a comprehensive assessment of Figuil limestone, shellfish, and quail eggshells. A total of 195 (21-day-old) Cobb500 chicks with comparable live weights were divided into 15 batches, each containing 13 mixed-gender chicks housed within low-meshed cages at a density rate set at 13 chicks/m². Five experimental diets were formulated, substituting shellfish meal with limestone powder at levels set at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% within a basal diet containing 20.14 % crude protein and 3069.50 kcal/kg metabolizable energy. Each diet was randomly assigned across three batches utilizing a completely randomized design where five treatments were repeated three times.
Results: Results indicate that Figuil limestone and quail eggshells are predominantly composed of calcite calcium, while shellfish primarily contain aragonite calcium. The calcium oxide (CaO) content was determined to be 50% in Figuil limestone, 42% in shellfish, and 26% in quail eggshells, with varying concentrations of magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), and iron (Fe). Substituting shellfish meal with limestone powder notably influenced broiler feed consumption at six weeks of age, positively affecting live weight and average weekly weight gain. Treatment T4 (100% limestone) notably demonstrated promising outcomes, with significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) detected in feed consumption (FC), weight gain (WG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) among the treatment groups.
Conclusion: Findings advocate for Figuil limestone powder as a sustainable and ethically sourced alternative to shellfish meal in broiler diets, capable of complete replacement up to 100%. This study highlights Figuil limestone's potential as a viable calcium source in animal feed formulations, offering environmentally friendly options for poultry nutrition while promoting animal welfare and delivering economic benefits to both developed and developing regions.
Internal Compliance Programs, Arms Trade and Due Diligence: How to Possibly Improve Human Rights Obligations of the Defence Industries
Authors: Sammartino Luigi
Published: February 2025

p class="MsoNormal"The consolidation of
an international legal framework on arms transfers raises new questions on
forms and manners in implementing the prevention activities connected with
human rights violations. While these obligations are certainly addressed to
States that must exercise control over arms transfer activities, there are also
conditions for laying down and consolidating the groundwork of compliance and
accountability of defence industries. One of the possible methods involves the
sharing control of duties between States and corporations. The Internal
Compliance Program (ICP), as provided in some sectoral regulations in domestic
legal systems and recommended as an efficient method for dual-use exports at
the supranational level, works in this way and could further shape the
mandatory human rights due diligence of corporations, while being an instrument
for exercising the State control in a more efficient way. This contribution
will theorize the resort to ICP as a fundamental legal instrument for
regulating the duties of corporations in the export of armaments and dual-use
items and the advancement of mandatory human rights due diligence in the field.o:p/o:p
Reflections on the Trends in Chinese Digital Jurisprudence
Authors: Zhang Ruichen
Published: February 2025

p class="MsoNormal"The aim of this article is to present the current status,
controversies, and highlights of digital jurisprudence trends in Chinese legal
studies, using ‘Name Competition’ as a starting point to explore methodologies,
ontologies, and epistemologies. It argues that ontologies rooted in traditional
approaches are currently accepted by most scholars and emphasizes that these
debates can be further examined through the interactive framework of technology
and law. Technology can alter legal methodologies and, to a certain extent,
challenge the foundational rationality of law. On the other hand, it is evident
that law is striving, sometimes futilely, to regulate technology. Drawing on
Brian Arthur’s principles of technology and its essence, alongside scholars’
proposed theories on productive legal theory, this article highlights the
importance of prioritizing technologies that drive structural changes. It
advocates embedding these considerations into the broader production system
while hierarchically addressing legal assertions at different stageso:p/o:p
Need to Revisit the Arm’s Length Range in the Proposal for EU Directive on Transfer Pricing
Authors: Lo Bianco Federico
Published: February 2025

p class="MsoNormal"The article investigates a specific aspect of the proposal
for an EU directive on transfer pricing: the arm’s length range. The matter is
addressed in Article 12 of the proposal which states that only the
interquartile range of values resulting from the benchmark can be considered as
being at arm’s length. This provision is in contrast with the indication of the
OECD Guidelines and the national transfer pricing provisions of various EU
Member States applying the OECD Guidelines, among which are Germany, Italy, the
Netherlands, Slovenia, and Spain. Both the guidelines and the national rules
establish that, when the level of comparability of the benchmarked observations
is high, the full range of results can be considered as being at AL. The full
range approach is often implemented in the financial transfer pricing practice,
and the article highlights the evident mismatch between the proposal and the current
transfer pricing reality. In the final section, the author proposes an
amendment to address such a lack of correspondence between the proposal and the
current OECD framework that is likely to create uncertainty for taxpayers if
Article 12 is not readjusted before the proposal’s approval.o:p/o:p
The Green Transition: Tax Incentives and State Aid
Authors: Furuseth Eivind
Published: February 2025

p class="MsoNormal"span lang="EN-US"The
article analyses the EU and European Economic Area (EEA) Member States’ leeway
under the state aid rules in Article 107 Treaty on the Functioning of the
European Union (TFEU) and Article 61 EEA Agreement regarding the use of tax
incentives to promote the green transition for which they currently have a more
significant amount of discretion than before for doing so. There is an increased
focus on the environment in the EU and the EEA, and the analysis proves that
this would most likely entail that some tax incentives that would have been
considered as unlawful under Article 107 TFEU/Article 61 EEA Agreement only a
few years ago would currently be considered as compatible with the state aid
rules.o:p/o:p/span