bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GESTÃO DO TRABALHO E ORGANIZAÇÃO COLETIVA DE TRABALHADORES DO SETOR PÚBLICO DE SAÚDE
Authors: Eberhardt Leonardo Dresch , Carvalho Manoela de
Published: November 2016

Resumo O tema da organização coletiva é uma dimensão importante imbricada na gestão do trabalho em saúde e na saúde do trabalhador. Este artigo analisa a trajetória do movimento de trabalhadores dos serviços municipais de saúde de Cascavel, cidade do estado do Paraná, Brasil, no enfrentamento de questões relacionadas ao trabalho e à gestão do trabalho. Utilizou-se a metodologia qualitativa, com a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas e técnica de bola-de-neve para a definição da amostra. Os resultados indicam que os trabalhadores se organizaram coletivamente, no período analisado, por meio de reuniões periódicas, da fundação de um sindicato e da realização de greves e mobilizações. No entanto, diante dos embates com a gestão municipal, alguns adoeceram e outros optaram por formas individuais de resistência. O sindicato dos servidores municipais da saúde, fundado em 1988, passou de uma atuação combativa para a cooperação com a gestão na década de 2000. Conclui-se que, baseados nas dificuldades descritas, cabe aos trabalhadores do setor público de saúde de Cascavel o desafio de refletirem sobre o passado e continuarem buscando construir estratégias coletivas de organização que defendam seus interesses frente à gestão.
Valores hematológicos e bioquímicos de pinguins-de-Magalhães em reabilitação no Espírito Santo, sudeste do Brasil
Authors: Mayorga Luis F.S.P. , Bhering Renata C.C. , Medeiros Laila C.C. , Silva Eduardo L.F. , Nóbrega Yhuri C. , Rangel Maria C.V. , Fonseca Leandro A. , Rossi Junior João L.
Published: November 2016

Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta valores hematológicos e bioquímicos de pinguins-de-Magalhães (Spheniscus magellanicus) juvenis que arribaram no Espírito Santo e Rio de Janeiro, litoral sudeste do Brasil, e foram encaminhados a reabilitação. Os valores médios obtidos foram: eritrócitos 2.55±0.54 milhões/μL; hemoglobina 13,37±3,91g/dL; hematócrito 41,5±0,04%; proteína plasmática 6,34±0,81g/dL; leucócitos 16.301±6.402/μL; trombócitos 20.516±4.591 células/μL; volume corpuscular médio (VCM) 172,0±53,0 fL; concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média (CHCM) 26,41±0,02%; alanina transaminase (ALT) 50,0±17,89 U/L; ácido úrico 8,93±3,0mg/dL; albumina 1,68±0,53g/dL; cálcio 9,7±0,57mg/dL; fósforo 10,39±8,5mg/dL e glicose 211,6±30,3mg/dL. Valores de eritrócitos, VCM e CHCM foram discrepantes em relação aos valores de referência atuais. Valores de leucócitos e trombócitos tem significado inconclusivo. Hematócrito, hemoglobina, proteína plasmática e valores bioquímicos forneceram importante contribuição para o estabelecimento de parâmetros de referência.
Os ideais da formação humanista e o sentido da experiência escolar
Authors: Carvalho José Sérgio Fonseca de
Published: November 2016

Resumo A sensação de que a instituição escolar vive uma profunda crise é bastante generalizada, sobretudo entre intelectuais e profissionais da educação. O consenso acerca de sua existência, no entanto, não tem implicado qualquer concordância no que concerne aos elementos que a teriam precipitado ou às características de sua atual configuração. A hipótese que guia essas reflexões visa a associar a noção de uma crise na educação escolar a um aspecto que costuma permanecer oculto na maior parte dos discursos críticos acerca da escolarização contemporânea: o esvanecimento do sentido político e existencial da experiência escolar. A fim de desenvolver tal hipótese, debruçamo-nos, inicialmente, sobre a variedade de possíveis acepções do termo “crise”, rejeitando aquelas que a vinculam de forma imediata às noções de declínio, decadência ou ocaso. A partir dos escritos de Arendt e Koselleck, a noção de crise é, então, utilizada em sua acepção primeira: a da emergência de um momento crucial que, por romper com respostas cristalizadas na tradição, exige reflexão e decisão. O que se procura realizar é, pois, um exercício de pensamento que recuse as abordagens funcionais e econômicas do sistema escolar em favor da compreensão de um sentido intrínseco para a experiência escolar: o da iniciação dos mais novos em heranças simbólicas capazes de dar inteligibilidade à experiência humana e durabilidade ao mundo comum. Uma iniciação cujo significado transcende qualquer funcionalidade exterior à experiência escolar, já que reside na própria formação de um sujeito, e não em sua possível inserção em um sistema produtivo.
Las emociones en el profesorado: el afecto y el enfado como recursos para el disciplinamiento
Authors: Lapponi Silvina Funes
Published: November 2016

Resumen Este artículo indaga lo que dice, piensa y siente el profesorado sobre la gestión de la disciplina en el aula y de cómo esto, a su vez, moldea la conducta y condiciona la participación y el desempeño del alumnado. Se basa en un estudio cualitativo (mediante entrevistas, cuaderno de campo, evaluación crítica de informantes claves) que, a través del análisis del pensamiento pedagógico práctico (supuestos ideológicos tácitos, no conscientes) que aparece en el discurso de los profesores, lo compara con la ideología pedagógica dominante (saberes formales e impuestos) poniendo en evidencia una falta de coincidencia y coherencia entre ambos e influyendo esto, a su vez, en las relaciones en el aula. No se pretende descubrir algo nuevo, sino hacerlo visible y describir los mecanismos que intervienen. De este modo, se refuta una creencia muy extendida de que el mal clima del aula se debe a alumnos indisciplinados, ya que en las relaciones resultantes la reacción del docente es determinante. Centrándose en el afecto y el enfado, se observa cómo se crea un ambiente de trabajo, que convierte a estas emociones en herramientas para disciplinar, la primera de una manera más preventiva y la segunda más correctiva, es decir, que se constituyen en un recurso más para el control de la conducta de los alumnos.
¿Qué textos leen en primer año los estudiantes de Psicología?
Authors: Penna María Micaela Villalonga , Padilla Constanza
Published: November 2016

Resumen Qué se lee en las universidades es una de las temáticas que han abordado los estudios realizados desde los enfoques de las Alfabetizaciones Académicas y de la Literacidad crítica. En este sentido, nos preguntamos ¿qué textos leen en primer año los estudiantes de psicología? Teniendo en cuenta este interrogante, en este trabajo presentamos el análisis del material bibliográfico del primer año de la carrera de psicología de una universidad estatal. Esta investigación se realizó desde los enfoques cualitativo y cuantitativo de investigación. Analizamos un corpus de 320 textos que corresponden al material bibliográfico de las nueve materias del primer año de la mencionada carrera. Empleamos las categorías de análisis propuestas por Carlino (2005), Padilla (2013) y Padilla, Douglas y López (2007; 2011), entre otras, y tuvimos en cuenta categorías emergentes también. Los hallazgos dieron a conocer el uso de ´cuadernillos´, que incluyen fotocopias del material bibliográfico que pueden o no contar con elementos que ayuden a contextuarlo como copias de la tapa y contratapa, página con datos de edición, índice y referencias completas. El material bibliográfico está constituido por textos académicos derivados de textos científicos, entre los que priman los capítulos de libros y las fichas de cátedra. Además, estos textos son predominantemente expositivos o argumentativos.
A literatura na formação de futuros cientistas: lição de Frankenstein
Authors: Reginato Valdir , Gallian Dante Marcello Claramonte , Marra Suzie
Published: November 2016

Resumo Os educadores voltados para a formação universitária na área da saúde, que, desde o início do século passado até o presente momento, priorizaram o caráter técnico profissionalizante, têm, mais recentemente, chamado a atenção para a necessidade de propostas educacionais que possam oferecer um ensino que contemple uma abordagem mais ampla do ser humano e suas relações sociais. A esse respeito, particular interesse se apresenta quando da formação de alunos que desenvolverão suas atividades como futuros cientistas. Com esse enfoque, empreendemos um estudo com a implantação de uma metodologia – desenvolvida por um centro de humanidades acadêmico – que privilegia a literatura como fonte de educação. Realizado a partir da disciplina de filosofia, o método foi aplicado aos estudantes de primeiro ano do curso de ciências biomédicas de uma universidade pública do Estado de São Paulo. Frankenstein , de Mary Shelley, foi a obra escolhida para cumprir o objetivo de estabelecer um ponto de reflexão pelo qual se pudesse ampliar o foco exclusivamente técnico-profissional. O material para análise foi extraído de relatos feitos em aula e relatórios dos estudantes, mais anotações dos cadernos de campo do professor e monitor examinados de acordo com análise da hermenêutica fenomenológica. O resultado obtido refletiu questões e inquietações vivenciadas no cotidiano dos estudantes, apontando para a identificação dos seguintes tópicos: impacto da metodologia; reflexão pessoal e compartilhada; noção ampliada do conceito de ciência ; despertar da responsabilidade individual e social que o cientista deve ter. Em conclusão, a metodologia empregada teve seus objetivos cumpridos e os resultados deverão servir de base para novos estudos.
Leadership Epistemology
Authors: Bogenschneider Bret
Published: November 2016

The scientific study of “leadership” depends on the ability to intersubjectively test theories about leadership and to thereby identify leadership causation.  Such a scientific endeavor is difficult because the study of leadership is a social science and is subject to change by ergodicity.  Accordingly, to begin the scientific study of leadership it is necessary to reject an idea of leadership science as the study of singular observations followed by deductive syllogism to arrive at a certain result.  As such, the study of leadership as science requires a general theory of leadership which will either be potentially falsified or gradually narrowed and amended over time. 
Communication Behaviors of Principals at High Performing Title I Elementary Schools in Virginia: School Leaders, Communication, and Transformative Efforts
Authors: Tyler Dawn E
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Principals of modern Title I elementary schools, where at least half of the student population lives in poverty, must possess a broader set of leadership skills than has been historically necessary.  The ability to motivate teachers utilizing effective communication is one such skill set.  This qualitative research proposes a division-level training program designed to improve communication skills of principals and aspiring principals based on the self-reported communication strategies of principals at high-performing Title I elementary schools.  High performing Title I schools represented just 8% of all Title I schools in Virginia during 2014.  This qualitative data was derived from semi-structured interviews with 8 of these principals, surveys of principals, and publicly available data about these schools.  Analysis of the self-reported information resulted in 11 specific communication strategies practiced by most or all of the principals in the participating high performing Title I elementary schools.  Further uncovered were 5 themes of communication in leadership which include: a student-centered approach to decision-making; transparency of decision-making; shared decision-making with principal and teachers; the role of faculty trust; and principal preparation.  Specific principal communication behaviors with teachers were implemented in motivating teachers toward earning high-performing status.  These included frequent face-to-face and personal communications, minimal use of whole-school meetings, and weekly principal participation in grade level meetings.  Additionally, principal certification programs were found to have had little impact on the participants in the area of communication.  Finally, the critical importance of mentoring, together with school-division level training in the area of communication development, was revealed.  This research concluded that communication skills are necessary for building trust between school principals and teachers, with trusting relationships vital for leading teachers toward effective instruction.  More structured leadership training is essential in the area of communication skills in preparing school leaders and is most effective at the school division level.

 

 
MORTALIDADE POR ACIDENTES DE TRABALHO NA MACRORREGIÃO EXTREMO SUL DA BAHIA
Authors: Cardim Adryanna , Pessoa dos Reis Ana Lúcia Pellegrini
Published: November 2016

Estudo descritivo, de vigilância, realizado com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, SIM, que objetivou estimar o Coeficiente de Mortalidade por Acidente de Trabalho, CM-AT, na Macrorregião Extremo Sul da Bahia, no ano de 2010. Neste ano, na Bahia, dos 189 óbitos relacionados a acidentes de trabalho, 14,3% ocorreram nessa Macrorregião. Cerca de 93,0% dos trabalhadores que foram a óbito, eram homens, entre 25 e 39 anos e do setor de transporte, 18,5%. Este setor apresentou CM-AT de 49/100mil trabalhadores, aproximadamente 5,8 vezes maior que o da Macrorregião Extremo Sul da Bahia (8,5/100.000), no mesmo período. Em 55,6% das declarações de óbito (DO), a variável escolaridade foi preenchida como ignorada enquanto na ocupação, aproximadamente 56% não foram preenchidas. Estes dados indicam necessidade de melhoria na qualidade do registro, bem como da completitude dos dados relacionados à ocupação e ramo de atividade econômica. Ressalta-se a importância da conscientização dos profissionais envolvidos no preenchimento da DO, visto ser este fundamental para que haja um aumento na produção de conhecimento com informações epidemiológicas a partir das estatísticas oficiais e consequente melhoria das ações voltadas para a VISAT, em suas distintas realidades.
ASPECTOS EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS E O CUIDADO DE ENFERMAGEM NA TENTATIVA DE SUICÍDIO
Authors: Oliveira Eliany Nazaré , Felix Tamires Alexandre , Mendonça Camila Bezerra De Lima , Lima Paulo Sérgio Ferreira , Freire Adeliane Souza , Moreira Roberta Magda Martins
Published: November 2016

Objetivou-se traçar o perfil epidemiológico descritivo de pacientes atendidos numa unidade de emergência de um hospital de referência com o diagnóstico de Tentativa de Suicídio e conhecer o cuidado de enfermagem. Trata-se de um estudo Transversal, Descritivo-exploratório. Foram abordados 60 casos através de um formulário próprio. Os dados foram processados e analisados através programa Epi-Info. Atendeu-se a Resolução 466/12 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. A cidade de Sobral teve o maior índice de admissões. A maioria dos casos ocorreu com mulheres jovens, solteiras por intoxicação exógena e, em geral, desempregados, estudantes e agricultores. Observou-se o uso de álcool e outras drogas. 40% dos pacientes eram reincidentes. Entre as motivações mais relatadas estão os conflitos familiares e amorosos. A metade dos pacientes classificou o cuidado de enfermagem como Bom. Pesquisas paralelas de caráter qualitativo podem ser desenvolvidas para esclarecer melhor este agravo.
SABERES DOS DISCENTES DE ENFERMAGEM SOBRE SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE: ÊNFASE NA HIGIENIZAÇÃO DAS MÃOS
Authors: Abreu Rita Neuma Dantas Cavalcante de , Melo Carolina de Paula Lima , Rodrigues Angela Maria Uchoa , Ferreira Renata Carneiro
Published: November 2016

RESUMO: Objetivou-se averiguar os saberes dos discentes de enfermagem sobre higienização das mãos. Estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado em uma Universidade de Fortaleza-Ce. Participaram da pesquisa 25 discentes matriculados no último semestre do curso de Enfermagem. O fechamento amostral foi por saturação teórica. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre os meses de setembro a novembro de 2015. A análise dos dados foi por meio do método de análise de conteúdo proposto por Bardin. Do total dos 25 entrevistados, a técnica de higienização das mãos foi a mais citada como medida básica de segurança para o profissional e paciente. Houve valorização pelos acadêmicos de aspectos farmacológicos, o que pode estar associado à prática de administração de medicamentos. O transporte seguro e cirurgia segura foram pouco citados pelos graduandos. A administração segura de hemocomponentes que não foi lembrado pelos alunos. As dificuldades para a realização da técnica de higienização das mãos citadas poderão servir de norte teórico para se elaborar estratégias para que esses dificultadores sejam superados.
GESTÃO DO LIXO ELETRONICO A PARTIR DA VISÃO TEÓRICA DA ECONOMIA CICLICA NO PONTAL DO PARANAPANEMA
Authors: Andrade Juliene Maldonado Orosco de
Published: November 2016

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Screening of a Pediatric and Adult Clinic Population for Caries Pathogen Scardovia Wiggsiae
Authors: Row Lindsay , Repp Matthew R , Kingsley Karl
Published: November 2016

Dental caries remains one of the most common morbidities worldwide, with research focusing on the most prevalent cariogenic bacteria including Streptococcus, Actionmyces and Lactobacillus species. However, recent evidence has begun to reveal novel pathogens that may alter current understanding of caries risk, including the recently discovered Gram-positive bacillus Scardovia wiggsiae. Study Design: This prospective, cross-sectional study collected saliva from healthy adults and children for DNA isolation and PCR screening (n=149) in order to evaluate the prevalence of this potential oral pathogen. Results: This analysis revealed that although half of these samples harbored traditional pathogens (S. mutans), approximately one quarter also harbored detectable levels of Scardovia. Further analysis using semi-quantitative methods, however, suggested only a small percentage had elevated (high) microbial burden (5.4%). These data suggest that cariogenic microbial composition among some patients may differ significantly, with some patients harboring comparatively larger percentages of Scardovia within their oral microbial flora. Conclusions: A complete understanding of the microbial interactions that facilitate or hinder the growth of Scardovia within the oral cavity remains largely unknown, suggesting the need for long-term studies to more fully elucidate demographic or health parameters, as well as the potential disease risk, associated with this organism.
Root Canal Filling after Revascularization/Revitalization
Authors: Plascencia Hugo , Cruz Álvaro , Díaz Mariana , Jiménez Ana Laura , Solís Rodrigo , Bernal Cesar
Published: November 2016

Introduction: Revascularization/revitalization therapy is considered an alternative procedure for management of teeth with an immature apex and necrotic pulp, mainly when root development is interrupted in the early phases of formation. However, this clinical treatment protocol should be considered a permanent procedure? Method: A maxillary central incisor with a previous and successful RR treatment was intentionally filled with a biocompatible material with the periapical tissues due to the patient's lack of adherence to the follow-up protocol. Results: The 20-month follow-up showed absence of clinical, radiological and tomographic signs and symptoms of an endodontic re-infection. Conclusion: This case demonstrates that once the increased thickening of the canal walls, incrementing the root length, apical closure and the total resolution of the apical lesion are observed, the main canal of a previously treated tooth with an RR procedure can be filled.
Effects of Two Different Anesthetic Solutions on Injection Pain, Efficacy, and Duration of Soft-Tissue Anesthesia with Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block for Primary Molars
Authors: Elbay Ülkü Şermet , Elbay Mesut , Kaya Emine , Yıldırım Sinem
Published: November 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to compare the efficacy, injection pain, duration of soft tissue anesthesia, and postoperative complications of two different anesthetics (2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine and 3% plain mepivacaine) in pediatric patients in inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) administered by a computer-controlled delivery system (CCDS). Study Design: The study was conducted as a randomized, controlled-crossover, double-blind clinical trial with 60 children requiring bilateral pulpotomy or extraction of primary mandibular molars. A CCDS was used to deliver 3% mepivacaine to 1 primary tooth and 2% lidocaine to the contralateral tooth with an IANB technique. Severity of pain and efficacy of anesthesia were evaluated using the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability Scale, and comfort and side effects were assessed using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U, Wilcoxon t, and Fisher exact tests. Results: Patients receiving 2% lidocaine experienced significantly less pain during injection than those receiving 3% mepivacaine, and no significant differences were found in the pain scores during treatments or in postoperative complications between the two anesthetics. The mean durations of anesthesia for 3% mepivacaine and 2% lidocaine were 139.68 minutes and 149.10 minutes, respectively. Conclusions: Plain mepivacaine and 2% lidocaine were similarly effective in pulpotomy and the extraction of primary mandibular molars. Although the use of 3% mepivacaine provided a shorter duration of anesthesia than 2% lidocaine, both solutions showed similar results in terms of postoperative complications.
Comparative Quantitative Assessments of Salivary Ion Activity Product for Hydroxyapatite and Buffering Capacity in Children with Different Caries Experience
Authors: Anand Siddharth , Masih Updesh , Yeluri Ramakrishna
Published: November 2016

Aim: If a relation exists between salivary IPHA, buffer capacity and caries experience, then this relationship could be used as screening chair side test for caries risk assessment. Study design: One hundred ninety seven children aged 4 to 6 years were examined. Data was collected by interview and clinical examination. They were divided into low, moderate and high caries experience group of 20 children each. Two ml of each sample was used to measure the pH value with pH meter. Regarding the buffering capacity, freshly prepared hydrochloric acid (HCl) was titrated into saliva and pH was recorded. The collected saliva samples were sent to Laboratory for measurement of calcium and phosphorus. IPHA was calculated and the negative logarithms of IPHA were used to determine the enamel solubility. The correlation between salivary IPHA, buffering capacity and caries experience were evaluated. Results: There was a significant relation between pH, log IPHA and dental caries experience, it could be considered as a predictor of dental caries. Conclusion: pH measurement after HCl titration in saliva could be used as chair side screening test for the assessment of caries risk.
Dental Treatment Needs among Children and Adolescents Residing in an Ugandan Orphanage
Authors: Rubin Pessia Friedman , Winocur Ephraim , Erez Assaf , Birenboim-Wilensky Ravit , Peretz Benjamin
Published: November 2016

Background: Previous studies focused on the dental caries status of East African children and not on their overall dental needs. Urban children consume more sugar-rich foods.

Objectives: To assess overall dental treatment needs of children living in an orphanage in Uganda. Study design: Teeth were diagnosed as needing treatment by obvious frank carious lesions (WHO criteria), temporary fillings, staining, or very deep pit and/or fissures possibly requiring sealants. Calculus or crowding in the mandibular anterior region and evidence of tooth fractures were recorded, as were signs of wear on the mandibular molars and canines and the maxillary incisors. Results: Most of the primary teeth (64%) required no dental treatment, but almost all (98%) of the permanent teeth did. A mean (±standard deviation) of 4.81±1.92 permanent teeth required treatment. The mean number of missing teeth was 0.47. Thirty-one children (20.2%) had crowding, 52 (34%) had calculus, and 49 (32%) had signs of attrition on primary and permanent molar teeth (45 enamel only and 4 enamel and dentin).

Conclusions: Most of the primary teeth required no dental treatment, while the vast majority of permanent teeth did, possibly in association with high sugar cane consumption and poor brushing habits among older children.
Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris using Two Niti Systems Associated with Two İrrigation Techniques in Primary Teeth
Authors: Gungor Ozge Erken , Kustarci Alper
Published: November 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 2 NiTi file systems [Twisted File Adaptive (TFA) and Reciproc (RP)] and 2 irrigation techniques [Conventional needle irrigation (CNI) and Laser activated irrigation (LAI)] on the amount of apically extruded debris in primary maxillary molars. Study design:: Sixty extracted primary maxillary molars were randomly divided into 4 groups. The mesio-buccal roots of teeth in 4 groups were instrumented using TFA with LAI, RP with LAI, TFA with CNI and RP with CNI respectively. Debris extruded during instrumentation was collected into Eppendorf tubes and amounts were determined. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA test at 0.05 level of significance. Results: The results indicated all instrumentation and irrigation systems caused a measurable apical extrusion of debris. However, no statistically significant difference in debris extrusion was observed between irrigation techniques or instrumentation systems (P > 0.05). The total amount of debris extruded apically by LAI was greater than that by CNI. Conclusions: All instrumentation and irrigation techniques caused debris extrusion. However, the optimal laser activation time and power settings should be investigated to ensure minimal extrusion of debris and irrigant due to cavitation and pressure during LAI in root canal treatment.
Hypophosphatasia: Evaluation of Size and Mineral Density of Exfoliated Teeth
Authors: Hayashi-Sakai S , Numa-Kinjoh N , Sakamoto M , Sakai J , Matsuyama J , Mitomi T , Sano-Asahito T , Kinoshita-Kawano S
Published: November 2016

Objective: Most cases of hypophosphatasia (HPP) exhibit early loss of primary teeth. Results of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis of teeth with HPP have not yet been reported. The purpose of the present study was to describe the size and mineral density distribution and mapping of exfoliated teeth with HPP using micro CT. Study design: Seven exfoliated teeth were obtained from a patient with HPP. Exfoliated teeth sizes were measured on micro CT images and mineral densities of the mandibular primary central incisors were determined. Results: Partial dentures were fabricated for the patient to replace the eight primary teeth which had exfoliated. Most primary teeth sizes were within the normal range. The mean values of enamel and dentin mineral densities in teeth with HPP were 1.35 and 0.88 g/cm3, respectively, in the mandibular primary central incisors. Conclusion: Mineral density distribution and mapping revealed that the values in teeth with HPP were lower than the homonymous teeth controls in all regions from the crown to apex. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the differences between HPP and controls were larger on the crown side and the differences tended to converge on the apex side. These results suggested that the present patient showed mild hypomineralization in the primary dentition.
Osaka 1970, la colaboración multidisciplinar en el Pabellón Pepsi
Authors: Quiroga Fernández Sofía
Published: November 2016

La creación de centros de investigación como el EAT (Experiments in Art and Technology, 1966), favorecerán la colaboración interdisciplinar entre arte y ciencia, implicando a empresas de carácter tecnológico, como Siemens, HP, IBM o Philips, facilitando soporte técnico y económico para el desarrollo de nuevos sistemas. Esta colaboración pondrá en relación varias disciplinas científicas así como culturales dando lugar a una serie de intervenciones espaciales que tendrán su mayor visibilidad en algunas Exposiciones Universales.El resultado será, en la mayoría de los casos, la creación de una experiencia audiovisual completa, presuponiendo la indisolubilidad de imagen, sonido y espacio en la creación de ambientes de carácter inmersivo. La colocación del espectador en el centro de la escena y la disposición dinámica de imagen y sonido, crearán una particular narrativa espacial no lineal, concebida para la experiencia. En el presente artículo desarrollamos el trabajo realizado, entre otros, en el pabellón del grupo Pepsi en la Exposición Universal de Osaka (1970).
Ciudadanos + tecnología + ciudad: el proyecto de Constant en conexión con el siglo XXI
Authors: Colombo Ruiz Sergio Alexander
Published: November 2016

El avance tecnológico alcanzado en el siglo XXI ha creado nuevas formas de conexión entre ciudadanos y el espacio urbano. Ante esta realidad se toman los lineamientos de Constant, artista holandés, que desarrolló su proyecto de ciudad global New Babylon con el ideal del urbanismo unitario, construida con tecnología por los mismos ciudadanos en un juego creativo sin fin. Se contrasta su vigencia como expresión de conexión entre los ciudadanos y su capacidad de transformar con la tecnología la ciudad.
Electromecánico, ilimitado, universal. Friedirich Kiesler: escenografía, arquitectura y diseño, 1923-1926
Authors: Prieto-López Juan Ignacio
Published: November 2016

Dentro de la polifacética obra de Friedrich Kiesler, el artículo se centra en la actividad desarrollada entre los años 1923 y 1926. En este breve período realizó intervenciones en los ámbitos de la arquitectura, escenografía y diseño en Berlín, Viena, París y Nueva York, donde se estableció definitivamente. El desarrollo de estos proyectos fue acompañado por una evolución de sus planteamientos teóricos, que permiten vincular su obra a las exploraciones de diferentes grupos de vanguardia contemporáneos y dan cuenta de la intensidad propositiva y la singularidad de su producción artística y teórica durante este breve período.
Enemigo mío
Authors: Echarte Ramos Jose María
Published: November 2016

Resumen
Experiencias y reflexiones de acción local. Arquitectura y compromiso social 1994–2014. Arquitectura y Compromiso Social (edit.)
Authors: Russo Cardozo Fiorella
Published: November 2016

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Conexões
Authors: Godinho Lima Ana Gabriela
Published: November 2016

Resumen
Argentinean’s Plants with Interest in Ethnomedicine as Wormers
Authors: Haag Griselda , Marin Gustavo Horacio , Errecalde Jorge
Published: November 2016

Plants are different all over the world and its indications change according to the country they are located. This paper is developed in order to perform a comprehensive literature´s review about plants used as anti-parasitic either in traditional or popular medicine in Argentina, and to provide a scientific support for their use in this medical indication. All Ethnobotany, Ethnomedicine, Phytomedicine books from Libraries of the Faculty of Exact Sciences Faculty of Medical Sciences, Agricultural Science, from all National Universities in Argentina were included in the study. Herbal characteristics and therapies were searched in online databases such as Medline PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus. The results obtained show the potential of Ethnomedicine in Argentina as a source of active ingredients for phytotherapy, providing data about species for anti-parasitic treatment. Thus, we found many Argentinean’s plants with anti-parasitic properties which might be considered alternatives for natural treatment or future drug development against wormers.
Effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra, Mentha piperita and their Blend Teas Infusion on Serum Lipids of Wistar Rats
Authors: Akinseye Olanrewaju Roland
Published: November 2016

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effects ofGlycyrrhiza glabra,Mentha piperitaand their blend teas on serum lipids of Wistar rats. The animals were divided into control group (CG) and nine treated groups: P1, P3, P5 treated with peppermint tea; L1, L3, L5 treated with Licorice tea and P+L1, P+L3, P+L5 treated with blended peppermint and licorice tea of 10 mg/kg.BW/ml, 30 mg/kg.BW/ml and 50 mg/kg.BW/ml concentrations respectively. The teas were administered orally once in a day for 30 days. P3, P5; L3, L5 and P+L3, P+L5 animals showed significant decrease in triglycerides and total cholesterol and slight increase in HDL-c levels. The levels of LDL-c decreased in the treated groups compared to control group. The results suggested that supplementation with peppermint; licorice and their blend tea extracts can reduce the serum concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL.
Evaluation of In Vitro Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Potentials of Crude Methanolic Extracts of Excoecaria agallocha (Leaves)
Authors: Rahman Md. Abdur , Hussain Md. Saddam , Millat Md. Shalahuddin , Moghal Md. Mizanur Rahman
Published: November 2016

Excoecaria agallochaplant (Leaves) was analyzed to exploreIn Vitroantimicrobial and membrane stabilizing activities as a crude methanolic extract. Antimicrobial activity was performed against a wide range of Gram positive(+Ve) and Gram negative(-Ve) bacteria by using disc diffusion method and various methanolic extracts of leaves ofE.agallochawas tested for determining membrane stabilizing activity at hypotonic solution and heat induce condition and standard acetyl salicylic acid (0.10 mg/mL) was employed as standard. the zones of inhibition created was found to be 1.3 cm at a concentration of 100 µL/ disc in case of Gram negative(-Ve) bacteria Salmonella typhi. The results obtained were compared with that of a standard Ampicillin (10 µL) and imipenem (10µL), penicillin (10µl), cefoxitine(30µl). Crude methanolic extract of 10mg/ml concentration showed maximum value of 17.67±0.0102 and 18.92±0.086% respectively under hypotonic solution and heat induced condition. Thus the result suggest that, crude methanolic extracts ofE.agallochapossessed slight to moderate antimicrobial and membrane stabilizing properties.
The Making of Pancreatic β Cells: Advances and Apprehensions
Authors: Radha Baburajan , Muniraj Gnanaraj , Rasu Ravikumar
Published: November 2016

Diabetes is a dreadful disease, which in its acute stages, causes severe multiple organ failure. It is also one of the world’s oldest diseases. Type 1 Diabetes is characterized by the absence of insulin and exogenous insulin dependency. Stem cell therapy is one of the promises of this era, as there are numerous studies on Rodents, Frogs, Zebra fish, Dog and Chick, elucidating the wide array of genes, transcription factors, signaling pathways and compounds, which could promote β cell neogenesis, regeneration, differentiation and trans-differentiation. Even though, a recent PubMed search on the keyword ‘Pancreatic beta cell proliferation’ revealed around 3000 reports, this review focuses on the trends attempted in recent years and infers certain critical aspects in the observations.
Spasmolytic and Anti-Secretory Activities of Water/Ethanol Crinum jagus Extract
Authors: Noubissi Paul Aimé , Ngwewondo Adela , Tagne Fokam Michel Archange , Fankem Gaëtan Olivier , Kamgang René
Published: November 2016

The present study was undertaken to determine the potential anti-secretory and spasmolytic mechanism ofCrinum jaguswater/ethanol extract (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, po). Anti-secretory activities were evaluated using castor oil and PGE2-induced enteropooling models in rats. Spasmolytic activities were conducted on small intestinal transit, on carbachol, 5-HT-induced intestine motility as well as on naloxone-pretreated intestine transit.C.jagusextract 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg bw has significantly (p<0.01) reduced in dose-dependent manner the castor oil-induced intestine secretion with inhibition rate of-59.7, -78.7 and-78.2% respectively.C jagus25, 50 and 100 mg/kg bw water/ethanol extract induced significant (p< 0.01) dose-dependent reduction of PGE2-induced fluid accumulation, with inhibition rate of-16.9, -57.7 and-66.2% respectively. On intestine transit, as on carbachol and on serotonin-induced intestine motility, the extract significantly (P< 0.01) reduced the distance covered by the charcoal. The spasmolytic effect ofC jagusextract was inhibited by the naloxone. These findings show thatC jagusmay reduce intestine secretion by the blockage of prostaglandins receptors. The spasmolytic effect could result from the blockage of muscarinic and/or serotonergic receptors, and by involving opiate receptors. These results support the traditional use ofC jagusin gastrointestinal disorders treatment.
Effects of Oral Administration of D-002 (Beeswax Alcohols) on Histological and Functional Outcomes in a Rat Model of Antigen-Induced Arthritis: Preliminary Study
Authors: Noa Puig Miriam , Mendoza Castaño Sarahí , Ferreiro Rosa Mas , Valle Clara Maikel , Mendoza Hernansez Nilda
Published: November 2016

D-002, a mixture of higher aliphatic beeswax alcohols, has been shown to display anti-inflammatory effects associated with the dual inhibition of ciclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase. Oral D-002 supplementation has been effective in experimental osteoarthritis, ameliorating all features of joint histopathology. Clinical studies have demonstrated that D-002 reduces osteoarthritis symptoms. However, D-002 effects on experimental models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have not been evaluated. To investigate whether D-002 improves histopathological and functional outcomes in a rat model of antigen-induced arthritis. First experiment. Rats were randomized into a negative vehicle-control (sham) and four groups injected with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA): a positive vehicle-control, three treated with D-002 (50, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. Second experiment. Rats were randomized into a sham and four CFA-injected groups: a positive vehicle-control, two treated with D-002 (25 and 100 mg/kg/day), one with methorexate (MTX) (0.3 mg/kg) for 28 days. Arthritis severity was evaluated by bodyweight loss, decreased exploratory activity and histological changes of tarsal joint and spleen samples in both experiments, except the exploratory activity, assessed only in the first one. CFA injection decreased the bodyweight and the exploratory activity, and induced infiltration of mononuclear cells, pannus formation and vascularity in the tarsal joint of positive control rats. These changes were significantly and markedly ameliorated by D-002 as compared to the positive control. MTX also reversed CFA-induced changes. The reduction of the infiltration of mononuclear cell with D-002 400 mg/kg was greater (80.9%) than with MTX (66.8%), but effects on other variables were similar. No abnormalities in spleen samples of D-002-treated groups were detected. This is the first report demonstrating the efficacy of oral treatment with D-002 in a rat model of antigen-induced arthritis. Results suggest that D-002 could help manage RA, but confirmation of such potential benefit requires extensive further research.
Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activities of Crinum jagus Extracts on Induced Diabetes Rats MACAPOS 1
Authors: Mvongo Clémence , Mfopa Adamou , Kamgang René , Essame Oyono Jean Louis
Published: November 2016

The antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of aqueous and the hydroethanolic extracts ofC. jaguswere investigated on diabetic rats MACAPOS 1. Diabetes was induced on 6-8 weeks old wistar rats with high sugar diet (HSD) associated, one month after the beginning of the HSD, with dexamethasone (DXM) injection (25 µg/kg once every 2 days during 3 weeks). During 50 days, diabetic rats orally received Metformine (38 mg/kg bw),C. jagushydroethanolic (75, 150 mg/kg bw) or aqueous (150 mg/kg bw) extracts. Treatment with extracts caused significant (P< 0.01) decrease in fasting glycemia, creatinemia, proteinuria, urine volume with concomitant increase in creatinuria, proteinemia, superoxide dismutase, catalase and thiol proteins.C. jagusextracts restored the imbalance of seric and urinary electrolytes, and significantly (P<0.01) increased peripheral sensibility to pain; the hydroethanolic extract was, in a dose dependant manner, more effective than aqueous extract and metformine. These results indicated thatC. jagusextracts could possess antioxidant and antidiabetic activities on MACAPOS 1 diabetic rats, and could also improve renal and neurological diabetes damage. The results thus support the use ofC. jagusin African folk medicine, mostly in diabetes mellitus treatment and likely its complications.
Нормативно-правовое регулирование порядка списания товарных потерь продовольственных товаров
Authors: Николаева Мария Андреевна , Дуканич Людмила Владимировна
Published: November 2016

В статье рассмотрены виды и разновидности товарных потерь, причины их возникновения, а также нормативно - правовая база регулирования порядка списания нормируемых потерь. Указаны недостатки в нормировании товарных потерь.
Aerobic Exercise Training as a Potential Cardioprotective Strategy to Attenuate Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Kouzi Samir A. , Uddin Mohammad Nasir
Published: November 2016

Doxorubicin is one of the most commonly used cytotoxic anticancer drugs against several cancers.  Although a highly effective anticancer drug, the clinical use of doxorubicin is severely limited by its cardiotoxicity which results in morbidity, poor quality of life, and premature mortality.  Only very few clinically accepted methods to minimize doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury are available today, but none of them have proven to be completely successful.  Due to limited alternative strategies, a number of potential cardioprotective therapies are currently being investigated for treating and/or preventing doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.  Of these potential strategies, aerobic exercise training is the only nonpharmacologic strategy that shows a great deal of promise.  Although there are no published human clinical trials, evidence from numerous animal studies suggests that aerobic exercise training, administered prior to, during and/or following doxorubicin therapy, is protective against doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury.  Protective properties of exercise training against the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin have been attributed to a number of potential molecular mechanisms including:  enhancing the production of endogenous antioxidant machineries; regulating proapoptotic signaling; stimulating the release, mobilization and homing of cardiac progenitor cells; limiting myocyte turnover; eliciting favorable adaptations in myocardial calcium handling and preventing calcium overload; modulating cardiac AMPK activity; downregulating cardiac autophagy/lysosomal signaling; and reducing myocardial doxorubicin accumulation.  Further preclinical and clinical research is needed to decipher and refine the molecular mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of exercise training, as well as to define the nature and magnitude of the effect of exercise on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in cancer patients. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.
POTENTIALITY ASSESSMENT FOR ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN DIDA HARA CONSERVATION SITE OF BORENA NATIONAL PARK, ETHIOPIA
Authors: Nigatu Tesfaye Fentaw
Published: November 2016

The main objective of this research is identifying the ecotourism resources and products for ecotourism development in the Dida Hara conservation site of BoranaNational Park, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. The study used a cross-sectional descriptive research design. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used. The data were collected by using a questionnaire, interview, field observation and secondary document analysis. The questionnaire was distributed to the visitors in order to determine the market demand by using convenience sampling technique. Interview was conducted with office personnel’s, tour operators and selected local community representatives and selected by using non- probability sampling technique.  The study revealed that Dida Hara conservation site of Borana National Park has potential ecotourism resources especially in terms of wildlife (more than 40 mammal species), birds (more than 280 bird species) and cultural resources (especially Borana community Gada system and Buna Qalla ceremony). The Park area is the centre of endemic birds like; Ethiopian Bush Crow, White-Tailed Swallow, Prince Ruspoil’s Turaco. The presence of such untapped ecotourism resources has also a potential for community participation including natural resources conservation and awareness for negative and positive impacts of ecotourism. The local communities are also positive towards ecotourism development in the destination. Based on the visitor's survey result more than 90 % are interested to view wildlife and birds and 86.5 % of the visitors are willing to recommend for others to visit the site. Besides these, the visitor's survey revealed that around 97.8 % of the respondents are considering themselves as ecotourist and willing to spend more money to eco-tourism destination (84.3) as compared to regular tourism destination. Furthermore, the study confirmed that the identification of ecotourism resources play a significant role in the development of ecotourism and for marketing the destination for the future. In this destination, no research has conducted in related with the potential resources for ecotourism development by using such multi-directional data collection tools including market demand analysis.
Barriers and Opportunities of E-Learning Implementation in Iraq: A Case of Public Universities
Authors: Al-Azawei Ahmed , Parslow Patrick , Lundqvist Karsten
Published: November 2016

Although the implementation of e-learning initiatives has reached advanced stages in developed countries, it is still in its infancy in many developing nations and the Middle East in particular. Recently, few public universities in Iraq have initiated limited attempts to use e-learning alongside traditional classrooms. However, different obstacles are preventing successful adoption of this technology. The present research aimed to highlight challenges that hinder effective implementation of e-learning in Iraq and recommend possible solutions to tackle them. A total of 108 respondents voluntarily participated in this research. They consisted of academic staff (N=74), professors in charge of e-learning (N=3), and undergraduate students (N=31). Three methods were used to collect data: a survey instrument, semi-structured interviews, and focus groups. Data was then analyzed and reported quantitatively and qualitatively. This provided in-depth understanding to the current status of e-learning in public Iraqi universities and highlighted major hindrances of its successful application. Based on this analysis, the study proffered many recommendations that should be considered in order to fully benefit from e-learning technologies.