bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Teaching Case Videos for Pedagogical Upscaling of Novice Instructors
Authors: Ravindran Latha , Yeong Siew Wei
Published: November 2024

As the private sector of higher education has grown in Malaysia, it is often observed that new and inexperienced teacing staff enter into the academic world without adequate pedagogical training, while some educators learn from trial and error with students, content delivery and classroom management. To help new teaching staff build confidence in handling lectures, including large-size lectures, an efficient training technique is required. This article aimed at obtaining qualitative feedback from relevant stakeholders through in-depth interviews and classroom observations, thereby gaining insights into issues related to conceptualization and the delivery of teaching theories from curriculum to context. The findings provided customized professional development training information for human resources and can be used to develop a series of teaching videos to provide new and inexperienced teaching staff with effective large-scale teaching guidance. The study aims to find how non-pedagogically trained lecturers can respond to the complexities in teaching and learning. This study emphasises the advantages of using case study videos as a pedagogy technique for new teaching staff.
Translation of Chinese Culture Specific Items to English in the Film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon
Authors: Lau Ong Ee , Amini Mansour , Siau Chin Sin , Tan Debbita Ai Lin
Published: November 2024

Cultural knowledge is a key for successful communication. In translation and subtitle translation, transferring or delivering the meaning and sense of the source culture to the target culture is often deemed a challenge for translators and subtitlers. Despite few studies on Chinese to English translations of Culture Specific Items (CSIs) which mostly have focused on the preference of applying foreignization and domestication strategies, there is still a deficiency in the literature, particularly about the procedures in the Chinese to English translations of CSIs in films. Given the different textual status of cultural items in source and target cultural systems, this study adopted Newmark’s (1988) CSIs classification and Aixela’s (1996) strategies for translating CSIs. The aim was to explore the strategies used in Chinese to English translation of CSIs in the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. The qualitative findings revealed that orthographic adaptation, linguistic translation, synonymy, limited universalization, absolute universalization, deletion, and autonomous creation were used by the translators to translate the CSIs, while gestures and habits items were not used. There were also six combinations of strategies. The results of this study can be beneficial for translators, subtitlers, and screenwriters in conveying the cultural meaning and sense more effectively.
The Relationship between Vocabulary Learning Strategies and Vocabulary Level among Malaysian English Major Undergraduates
Authors: Syuhadah Arni Nurul , Ariffin Kamisah
Published: November 2024

As the heart of our language learning, vocabulary knowledge is pivotal and even more crucial for the students who major in English. However, previous studies revealed that vocabulary size and level of English major students is subpar from what is expected. Therefore, efforts must be made to identify the best strategies that would facilitate their vocabulary learning and acquisition. This study aimed to identify the vocabulary size and level of Malaysian English major undergraduates and their use of VLS, as well as to analyse the relationship between VLS employment and vocabulary level and size. The research was done quantitatively, utilising a questionnaire as the primary source of data. With the use of Vocabulary Learning Strategies (VLS) and Laufer and Nation’s Productive Vocabulary Levels Test (1999) as the instruments, the data were collected and further analysed by using descriptive statistic tests and Pearson correlation tests. The findings revealed that despite most of the students acquired 2000-word level, only a small number successfully passed UWL and 10000-word level. Metacognitive strategy was the most employed VLS, whereas cognitive strategy was the least preferred. In general, the correlation test demonstrated no significant relationship between VLS and vocabulary level, but specifically, the findings revealed a positive relationship between VLS and the strategy of linking words with mental image. Therefore, this study could suggest some insights as to what strategies should the students employ or minimise to facilitate their vocabulary learning.
The effect of focused and comprehensive written corrective feedback on writing accuracy: A comparative study
Authors: Iqbal Arshad , Saad Mohammad Azannee
Published: November 2024

Although a vast body of research has investigated the effectiveness of written corrective feedback on students’ writing accuracy, there is relatively fewer studies that compared the effectiveness of focused and comprehensive written corrective feedback. Determining the relative efficacy of feedback focus is crucial for writing instruction as it can make error correction less tedious for the teacher and more manageable for the learner. Writing teachers need to know whether students can better internalize a selected number of error categories at a time or cope with feedback provided on all errors simultaneously. This research reports a quantitative study that compared the effectiveness of focused and comprehensive corrective feedback on Saudi Arabia English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ essay writing accuracy. Written essays were collected from 18 Foundation Year, Health Sciences students where they were divided into two experimental groups (N=6) and one control group (N=6). A pre-test, post-test, and delayed post-test design was employed to measure the effects of the two types of written corrective feedback on learners’ writing accuracy. The results showed that focused written corrective feedback was not significantly more effective than comprehensive written corrective feedback although it caused lower error means on both the selected error categories as well as on total errors. The results suggest that students and teachers need not view the two types of feedback as mutually exclusive as far as their relative effectiveness is concerned.
Penerapan Teras Hati Budi Melayu dalam Pengajaran Bahasa Melayu melalui Lakuan Pertuturan Guru
Authors: Zainal Muhammad Zuhair , Hassan Hasmidar , Che Ahmad Aznan
Published: November 2024

Dalam konteks pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, Teras Hati Budi Melayu (THBM) sangat relevan dijadikan nilai murni. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan untuk menjelaskan bentuk lakuan pertuturan guru dalam usaha menerapkan THBM dalam pengajaran bahasa; khususnya THBM dalam kelompok nilai. Kajian fenomenologi hermeneutik ini menggunakan pendekatan pragmatik berdasarkan Lakuan Pertuturan Searle (1969). Data kajian ialah 10 ujaran terpilih yang diambil daripada transkripsi rakaman video pengajaran Bahasa Melayu milik Bahagian Teknologi Pendidikan, Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa penerapan THBM dalam PdP Bahasa Melayu boleh berlaku melalui lakuan pertuturan guru.
Analisis Bahasa Kesat dalam Ruang Komen Borneo Bulletin berkaitan gelombang kedua COVID-19 di Negara Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Awang Sani Farhanah
Published: November 2024

Isu penularan wabak virus korona (COVID-19 seterusnya) dan kadar kematian seluruh dunia merupakan sebab utama hampir semua rakyat merasa cemas serta bimbang akan kesejahteraan masing-masing. Kebimbangan ini menyumbang kepada peningkatan komunikasi warga maya di semua platform media sosial sehingga meninggalkan komen-komen negatif tanpa terkawal. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan kata-kata makian oleh pengguna media sosial melalui aplikasi Facebook semasa penularan COVID-19 di NBD, khususnya pada gelombang kedua di NBD. Data yang diperolehi adalah berdasarkan komen pengguna melalui ruang Borneo Bulletin. Penelitian ini memfokuskan terhadap jenis dan kategori penggunaan kata-kata makian. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif teori Magnus Ljung (2011) untuk mengkategorikan tema penggunaan kata-kata makian oleh pengguna media sosial. Secara keseluruhannya, ditemui sebanyak 19 kata-kata makian yang digunakan dalam ruangan komen Borneo Bulletin semasa COVID-19. Kata-kata makian tersebut adalah Babal/Babalian, Mantingal, Mati, Gila, Paloi, Sial, Buduh, Baie, Babi, Banggang, Jubur, Talor, Taie, Setan/Syaitan, Damn, Bangsat, Celaka/Cilaka, Oh Hell dan Anjing/Anjir. 19 kata-kata makian yang telah digunakan adalah menunjukkan perasaan marah, tidak berpuas hati dan sebagainya dari pengguna semasa wabak COVID-19 melanda NBD. Metodologi kajian ini melibatkan dua langkah utama, iaitu pencatatan dan observasi komen serta analisis makna kata-kata makian yang digunakan. Dengan menggunakan metodologi tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis jenis dan kategori penggunaan kata-kata makian dalam komen pengguna media sosial semasa penularan COVID-19 di NBD, terutama pada gelombang kedua. Dari hasil kajian ini, ditemui empat kata makian yang dominan digunakan oleh pengguna dalam ruangan komen Borneo Bulletin iaitu mantingal, gila, babal dan mati manakala kategori/tema name-calling merupakan tema yang paling dominan ditemui oleh masyarakat di NBD.
Pembelajaran Peribahasa Menurut Perspektif KSSM Bahasa Melayu: Analisis Menggunakan Pendekatan Semantik Inkuisitif
Authors: Md Nasir Mohd Ridzuan , Subet Mary Fatimah
Published: November 2024

Merujuk KSSM Bahasa Melayu Tingkatan 4 dan 5, penguasaan peribahasa murid perlu merangkumi kemahiran memahami, menghubungkaitkan maksud dengan betul mengikut konteks, menghayati makna serta mengapresiasi peribahasa. Oleh itu, makalah ini bertujuan mengenal pasti Pendekatan Semantik Inkuisitif sebagai kaedah pembelajaran peribahasa di peringkat sekolah menengah berdasarkan matlamat KSSM Bahasa Melayu. Kajian yang menggunakan kaedah analisis relasional (semantik) ini adalah berdasarkan Kerangka Kajian Semantik Inkuisitif oleh Nor Hashimah Jalaluddin (2014). Data kajian diambil daripada buku teks Bahasa Melayu Tingkatan 4 dan 5. Hasil kajian menunjukkan melalui analisis semantik inkuisitif, pembelajaran peribahasa berlaku secara menyeluruh bermula dengan memahami maksud kamus, diikuti dengan menghubung kait makna peribahasa mengikut konteks dan akhir sekali meneroka makna untuk mencungkil falsafah dan akal budi Melayu di sebalik pembentukan peribahasa.
Representasi Emosi melalui Penulisan Karya Puisi berkaitan dengan COVID-19 di Malaysia
Authors: Shahbudin Mohd Shahremy Ikmal
Published: November 2024

Penularan Novel Coronavirus (2010-nCoV) atau dikenali sebagai COVID-19 pada penghujung 2019 telah membimbangkan penduduk dunia. Sehubungan dengan itu, mereka menggunakan pelbagai platform media sosial untuk menyuarakan kebimbangan melalui emosi terhadap penularan wabak ini. Pengaruh emosi yang dinukilkan melalui penulisan kreatif mewujudkan pengaruh positif dan negatif dalam penyampaiannya. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk melihat sejauh manakah emosi mempengaruhi dalam penulisan kreatif yang dihasilkan. Kaedah analisis teks berdasarkan kepada teori Big Five Personality oleh McCrae dan Costa (1999) dan teori emosi Cannon-Bard dan Arnold Ellis (1931) telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan bahawa emosi dalam karya kreatif terutamanya puisi, dipengaruhi oleh representasi yang menyebabkan sesebuah karya itu mempunyai intipati tersendiri untuk difahami dan dihayati maksud sebenarnya. Kesimpulannya, dalam kajian ini mendapati bahawa hubungan antara representasi dan emosi adalah saling berkaitan sehingga mampu melahirkan sebuah karya kreatif yang menerapkan penyampaian yang bermakna kepada penerima. Implikasinya, representasi yang wujud dalam penulisan kreatif terbahagi membantu dalam perkembangan pemikiran dan penggunaan bahasa yang dihasilkan.
Penginterpretasian makna Korupsi dari Simpulan Bahasa dan Pendidikan Hak Asasi Manusia Generasi Ketiga
Authors: Musa @ Faizal Tehrani Mohd Faizal , Che Man Maulana Al-Fin
Published: November 2024

Keupayaan akal yang terserlah dalam penciptaan simpulan bahasa oleh masyarakat Melayu dahulu harus dikagumi dan diteliti. Warisan Melayu yang terserlah dalam ungkapan simpulan bahasa merupakan harta yang patut dipelihara oleh generasi masa kini dan akan datang. Artikel ini meneliti 15 simpulan bahasa berunsurkan rasuah atau korupsi dengan menggunakan salah satu prinsip dalam semantik kognitif, iaitu Teori Kognitif yang didapati merupakan salah satu mekanisme memahami entiti abstrak melalui sesuatu yang konkrit. Tafsiran makna terhadap simpulan bahasa korupsi ini dapat memberi pemahaman tersirat kepada pembaca. Perbincangan tentang kesan terhadap korupsi ini dibahaskan melalui konsep hak asasi generasi ketiga secara mendalam dan simpulan bahasa merupakan medium asas dalam membanteras gejala korupsi di Malaysia kerana melalui bahasa kita dapat mengenal pasti gejala tersebut.
Russian Criminal Procedure after 1864 (On the Basis of Kolesnikov’s Case)
Authors: Esakov Gennady A.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the criminal case against two peasants, brothers Kolesnikov. This case was tried by the Tambov regional court and the Senate in the end of the XIXth century. Both brothers were convicted for being members of heretic group and were pardoned only several years after conviction. Using this case as an example, the author explains how the Russian criminal courts worked after the 1864’s reform. Many famous lawyers and politicians were involved in this case including Boris Chicherin, Anatoly Koni, Nikolai Tagantsev, Petr Stolypin, and Emperor Nicholas II.
The Trial over Postniks (from Tambov)
Authors: Chicherin Boris N.
Published: November 2024

This is a previously unpublished paper of prominent Russian lawyer, philosopher and politician, Boris Chicherin (1828–1904). He critically describes the trial over two peasants, brothers Kolesnikov. This case was tried by the Tambov regional court in the end of the XIXth century. Both brothers were convicted for being members of heretic group.
Legal Chronicle
Authors:   Ural State Law University named after V.F. Yakovlev, Latyev Alexander N. , Esakov Gennady A. , Pleshanova Olga P. ,   Infralex Law Firm, Zaripov Vadim M. , Ivanov Anton A. ,   HSE University, Tereshchenko Tatyana A. ,   University of Paris X — Nanterre, Mikheeva Lidia Yu. ,   S.S. Alekseev Private Law Research Centre under the President of the Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

In November’s Legal Chronicle we present comments on the Constitutional Court’s ruling on limitation periods in corruption cases, the Supreme Court’s rulings on the fundamental issues of ownership of real estate and the status of the self-employed, as well as its ruling on the criminal ‘doctors’ case’ which concerns the limits of extra-procedural communication between judge and jury, the Federal Tax Service’s clarifications on the procedure for amnesty of business splitting, and expert opinion on the rights of children born with the help of assisted technologies and their legal status in connection with the case considered in the Constitutional Court.
Tax Law as an Antithesis of the Emergency
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Pepeliaev Sergey G.
Published: November 2024

Tax law is an antithesis of the emergency. The constitutional principles of taxation are aimed at preventing the collection of revenues, although ‘very necessary’ for the budget, but undermining economic and social stability. The amendments to the Tax Code, which allow the establishment of taxes of ‘one-time nature’ — that is, in essence, emergency taxes, — contradict the systemic foundations of fiscal activity. Tax and legal measures to respond to acute situations are necessary, but they should not be accompanied by the destruction of legal foundations. The connivance in this matter, which is observed now, is fraught with serious systemic problems in the future.
General and Special Tax Anti-Evasion Measures in the Tax Law of the Russian Federation: Use of Foreign Experience
Authors:   RANEPA Institute of Applied Economic Studies, Machekhin Victor A.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the formation of the Russian system of tax anti-avoidance measures in terms of adapting the experience of other countries and international organisations. Anti-avoidance measures of national tax legislation and international tax treaties, judicial concepts are investigated. The study shows a significant degree of borrowing foreign experience in the implementation of special anti-evasion tax measures and a weak appeal to foreign experience in the development of general tax anti-avoidance measures.
Tax Amnesty as a Tool to Prevent Business Split
Authors:   Russian State Academic University for the Humanities, Bogdanova Oksana S.
Published: November 2024

The author considers the tool proposed by the legislator in July 2024 to prevent tax and criminal offences, which allows businesses to voluntarily abandon the use of an illegal ‘split’ scheme in exchange for the further conduct of activities by a group of persons without the risk of their further prosecution for tax and criminal liability. The author considers the existing judicial and administrative approaches that determine the subject of proof when imputing the use of illegal ‘split’ scheme to taxpayers, as well as analyses certain features reflected in the legally enshrined term ‘business split’. The main conclusion of the study shows that there is still no certainty of legal regulation in the issue of qualification of relationships within a group of persons as aimed at unlawful ‘splitting of business’. To a lesser extent, the level of fiscal effect possible to achieve through the application of the instrument introduced by the new law is questioned. To a greater extent, in the author’s opinion, the level of certainty in the relationship between the state and business will suffer, in which the latter, as a weak party to tax legal relations, will prefer to refuse the legitimate use of tax preferences, despite the resulting additional tax burden.
Cross-Border Debt Assignment under Sanctions: Tax Aspects
Authors:   FBK Legal, Semenova Mariya V. , Kovaleva Ekaterina E. ,   FBK Legal
Published: November 2024

The article summarises analysis of the tax consequences of VAT and corporate income tax for e cross-border assignment of a monetary claim under contracts envisaging supply of goods (performance of work, provision of services). The authors point out the area of legal uncertainty when determining the place of property rights supply for VAT purposes, as well as practical aspects of defining tax obligation to pay withholding income tax in the case of a cross-border debt assignment. The authors conclude that Russian Tax Code should more precisely determine property rights’ place of supply rules for VAT purposes. Additions to the law are required to address tax implications of a cross-border assignment of debt where a foreign related company assigns to another foreign company a debt associated with the performance of work (or rendering services) to a Russian company.
Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China at the Contemporary Stage and Tax Challenges of the Platform Economy
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Kilinkarova Elena V.
Published: November 2024

The article focuses on the select issues of modern tax law of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The author starts with definition of the key features of Chinese tax law that must be taken into account when analysing it. In particular, the author shows relationship between tax reform and general economic reform, explains how several tax systems co-exist within one state, and gives brief description of the tax system of mainland China. The second part of the article presents in detail the system of legal regulation of taxation in the PRC and reflects the trends in its development. To enhance a better understanding of the features of the legal regulation of taxation in China, the author makes comparisons with sources of Russian tax law. The third part of the article gives overview of the taxation of the platform economy in China, including measures of tax support for the digitalisation of the economy.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Pembelajaran Bahasa Sumba Timur Berbasis Mobile sebagai Upaya Pelestarian Warisan Budaya Bangsa
Authors: Eka Putri Jessica , Wahyono Teguh
Published: November 2024

Sebagai salah satu warisan adiluhung budaya bangsa, maka bahasa daerah perlu dilestarikan keberadaannya di tengah arus globalisasi yang semakin kuat. Namun, banyak bahasa daerah di Indonesia, termasuk Bahasa Sumba Timur, mengalami penurunan jumlah penutur seiring dengan perkembangan zaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun aplikasi mobile yang dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran Bahasa Sumba Timur. Aplikasi ini dirancang dengan fitur-fitur interaktif seperti latihan kosa kata, pelafalan, dan kuis, yang diharapkan dapat menarik minat generasi muda dalam mempelajari dan menggunakan Bahasa Sumba Timur. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode Prototype, metode Prototype sendiri merupakan metode yang digunakan untuk pengembangan software. Sistem dari metode ini memungkinkan interaksi antara developer dan user yang bertujuan untuk menghindari ketidakserasian dan kesalah pahaman dalam membangun software. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ini dapat berfungsi dengan baik dan mendapat respon positif dari pengguna awal, terutama dalam hal antarmuka yang mudah digunakan dan materi yang disajikan. Aplikasi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu upaya efektif dalam melestarikan Bahasa Sumba Timur, serta meningkatkan kesadaran akan pentingnya melindungi dan melestarikan warisan budaya bangsa.
Implications Of Surah Al-Hujurat Verse 13 In Realizing Harmonization Of A Multicultural Society
Authors: Kasmiati  , Arbi
Published: November 2024

This study explores the implications of Surah Al-Hujurat Ayat 13 in promoting social harmony within Indonesia’s multicultural society, aligning with the nation’s foundational values in Pancasila. Using a qualitative approach and literature review method, the research highlights two key internalization strategies: 1) strengthening the role of families in providing Islamic education, and 2) incorporating multicultural education into formal schooling. The values found in Surah Al-Hujurat Ayat 13 reflect Pancasila's principles, especially the second (Just and Civilized Humanity), third (Unity of Indonesia), and fifth (Social Justice for All). This alignment underscores the relevance of Islamic teachings in fostering social cohesion, emphasizing the role of both family and formal education in building harmony.
The Influence of Age Factor and Industrial Area on The Malignancy Rate of Bone Tumours
Authors: Devi Namira Aisya , Kurniati Yuni Prastyo
Published: November 2024

Bone tumour is a term for a group of tumours located in the bones. World Health Organization data in 2020 stated that the incidence rate of bone sarcoma in the Americas and Europe was 0.8 per 100,000 population. Industrial development, especially in areas with high population density, has environmental impacts such as air pollution and contamination of water sources. This has been associated with an increase in the prevalence of bone tumours in children. However, studies on this matter are still limited. This study aims to analyze the effect of industrial areas and age factors on the level of bone tumour malignancy. This study used observational analytics with a case-control design. Osteosarcoma as the case variable and GCT as the control variable. The sample used was 106, consisting of 53 osteosarcoma tumours and 53 GCT tumours. Age classification is divided into 0-18 years and 319 years. Industrial area classification is divided into <2.5 km and 32.5 km. Bivariate analysis using the chi square test. Has obtained approval from the Health Research Ethics Commission (KEPK) of RSUD dr. Moewardi with Number: 1.557/VI/HREC/2024. Results found no significant effect of age factor on the level of bone tumour malignancy (p-value=0.204). Meanwhile, an insignificant effect was also found between the proximity of residence to industrial areas on the level of bone tumour malignancy (p-value=0.121). This study shows that age factor and proximity of residence to industrial areas do not affect the level of bone tumour malignancy.
Security Risks and Threats in Cloud Computing: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Kumar Rajesh
Published: November 2024

The unparalleled scalability and flexibility of cloud computing have fundamentally transformed how businesses manage and store data (Hashizume, 2013). However, security risks and hazards are becoming more and more of a concern as businesses use cloud services. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the various security concerns that cloud computing infrastructures have to address (Hashizume, 2013). By examining common threats like data breaches, unauthorized access, unsecured interfaces, and shared technological vulnerabilities, this study aims to illustrate the critical importance of proactive security measures in protecting sensitive data (Shaikh, 2011). Through an analysis of network security strategies, identity and access management, encryption technologies, and incident response planning, this paper offers insights into best practices for managing security risks in the cloud (Shaikh, 2011). This paper provides businesses with a road map for enhancing their cloud security.
The Influence of Environmental Awareness on Eco-Conscious Purchasing Behavior Among Generation Z Consumers in Kenya: An Empirical Study
Authors: K. Mwai Lydia
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the influence of environmental awareness on the eco-conscious purchasing behavior of Generation Z consumers in Kenya. A descriptive research design was employed, and primary data was collected through a Google questionnaire distributed to 102 Generation Z consumers. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyze the data and identify the significant factors influencing green purchase intentions. The study revealed that environmental impact was a key factor in shaping eco- conscious purchasing behavior, with a moderate correlation indicating that environmental considerations accounted for a notable portion of the variance in purchase intentions. Additionally, the research found that cost acted as a barrier to eco-friendly purchasing, suggesting that price perceptions significantly influenced consumer decisions. Awareness of eco-friendly products was also a crucial factor, as it further explained the consumers' purchasing intentions. The findings underscored the importance of environmental impact, cost, and awareness in shaping the eco-conscious purchasing behavior of Generation Z in Kenya. This study contributed to the growing body of literature on consumer behavior and sustainability, offering valuable insights for businesses seeking to promote green products in Kenya. The implications of this research are significant for various stakeholders, including academia, industry, and business practitioners. For academia, the study expanded knowledge on the factors influencing sustainable consumption behaviors, while for industry and businesses, it highlighted the importance of addressing cost concerns and promoting environmental awareness. The study also provided actionable insights for policymakers aiming to encourage sustainable consumption patterns among Kenyan consumers.
Comprehensive Survey on E-Commerce and Blockchain
Authors: V Vinila , Suresh Aadhithya , M S Anurag , George Athul , Cheriyan Eldho
Published: November 2024

The rapid growth of e-commerce has led to an increasing demand for secure, transparent, and efficient transactions. This project presents an e-commerce platform built on blockchain technology, aiming to address the challenges of traditional online marketplaces, such as fraud, data breaches, and intermediaries' fees. By leveraging blockchain's inherent characteristics— immutability, transparency, and security—our platform facilitates seamless transactions between buyers and sellers, reducing reliance on intermediaries and lowering operational costs.  Key Features of the Platform Include:  Payment Processing: Integration of cryptocurrencies enables fast and secure payments, facilitating cross- border transactions without the need for banks or other intermediaries.  Product Authenticity: Tokenization of physical products as digital assets ensures authenticity and traceability, particularly valuable in industries like fashion, luxury goods, and art.  Customer Data Privacy: Customers retain control over their personal information, deciding what data to share with merchants, enhancing privacy, and ensuring compliance with global data regulations.  Loyalty Programs and Rewards: Digital tokens and reward points can be issued that are transparent, transferable, and usable across various platforms, making loyalty programs more versatile and valuable.  Decentralized Reviews and Ratings: The integrity of product reviews is ensured by using blockchain to prevent manipulation, making customer feedback more trustworthy. To demonstrate the feasibility of the platform, we implement features such as user registration, product listing, secure payment processing using cryptocurrency, and an efficient dispute resolution mechanism. Through a user-friendly interface and robust backend architecture, this blockchain-based e-commerce solution aims to redefine the online shopping experience, providing enhanced security, lower costs, and greater trust for all participants in the ecosystem.
Shadows in the forest: Uncovering unusual colouration records in mammals from the Ecuadorian Tropical Andes
Authors: Viteri-Basso Elias , Reyes Puig Juan , Reyes-Puig Carolina , Ríos-Alvear Gorky
Published: November 2024

Variations in colouration patterns have been reported in numerous wildlife species, particularly birds. However, the increased use of camera traps for wildlife monitoring has enabled the detection of elusive species and phenotypic variations that might otherwise go undetected. Here, we compiled records of unusual colouration patterns in terrestrial mammals, documented through camera-trap studies over a 12-year period in the Llanganates-Sangay Connectivity Corridor, in the Tropical Andes of Ecuador. We identified colour variations in seven species of terrestrial mammals, including disorders, such as melanism, white spotting/ piebaldism, xanthocromism and progressive greying. Notably, we reported a high prevalence of melanism in wild populations of the clouded oncilla, along with observations on the species' activity patterns. Approximately half of the recorded clouded oncillas were melanistic. We detected significant differences in activty patterns between melanistic and non-melanistc clouded oncilla, with melanistic morphs showing a peak of activity between 3 a.m. and before dawn. The proportion of melanistic individuals suggests that melanism is widespread throughout the corridor. However, its impact on the species' fitness remains unclear.
On two species of Phintella Strand, 1906 from Hainan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)
Authors: Wang Cheng , Gan Jiahui , Mi Xiaoqi
Published: November 2024

In our recent examination of the Phintella specimens collected from Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, a new species and the unknown female of P. liae Wang, Mi & Peng, 2023 were recognised, based on the morphological characteristics and molecular evidence.

A new species of Phintella Strand, 1906 is described: P. hongkan sp. nov. (♂♀) from Hainan, China. The unknown female of P. liae Wang, Mi & Peng, 2023 is also described for the first time. Diagnostic photos of both species are provided.
Associating socioeconomic factors with access to public healthcare facilities using geographically weighted regression in the city of Tshwane, South Africa
Authors: Moeti Thabiso , Mokhele Tholang , Tesfamichael Solomon
Published: November 2024

Access to healthcare is influenced by various socioeconomic factors such as income, population group, educational attainment and health insurance. This study used Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) to investigate spatial variations in the association between socioeconomic factors and access to public healthcare facilities in the City of Tshwane, South Africa based on data from the Gauteng City-Region Observatory Quality of Life Survey (2020/2021). Socioeconomic predictors included population group, income, health insurance status and health satisfaction. The GWR model revealed that all socioeconomic factors combined explained the variation in access to healthcare facilities (R²=0.77). Deviance residuals, ranging from -2.67 to 1.83, demonstrated a good model fit, indicating the robustness of the GWR model in predicting access to healthcare facilities. Black African, low-income and uninsured populations had each a relatively strong association with access to healthcare facilities (R²=0.65). Additionally, spatial patterns revealed that socioeconomic relationships with access to health care facilities are not homogeneous, with significance of the relationships varying with space. This study highlights the need for a spatially nuanced approach to improving healthcare facilities access and emphasizes the need for targeted policy interventions that address local socio-environmental conditions.
Association of immunoglobulins and complement levels with pemphigus in patients at the Khartoum Dermatology and Venereal Disease Hospital, Sudan
Authors: Elhag Omer Osman , Abduhameed Mohammed S. , Khalid Ismaeel O. , Hijawi AbdulAzeem , Andarawi Mohamed O. , Mustafa Saadalnour A. , Yousif Adil A. , Elsiddig Shawgi A , Babker Asaad
Published: November 2024

Pemphigus is a group of autoimmune intra-epidermal blistering diseases that affect both the skin and mucous membranes. Characteristic histological features of pemphigus include intra-epidermal blisters and acantholysis, which is the loss of connections between epidermal cells. A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in the period between January 2016 and January 2019. A total of 549 cases were selected; 92 cases were clinically diagnosed as pemphigus, and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) was applied for immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, IgM, and C3 to confirm clinical diagnosis. Bullous pemphigoid (BP) was the most common autoimmune skin condition, comprising 29.3% of cases, predominantly affecting females (19.6%). Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) followed with 32.6% of cases, evenly distributed between males and females. Lichen planus pemphigoid accounted for 17.4%, with a higher prevalence in females (13.0%). Other conditions, such as pemphigus gestationis and bullous lupus erythematosus, were rare, each affecting only one gender. Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita was seen only in males, while linear IgA bullous dermatosis was slightly more common in females. Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) and pemphigus vegetans were infrequent, with the first one more common in males and the second one more common in females. Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) and IgA pemphigus had the lowest incidence, with PNP affecting one male and IgA pemphigus equally distributed between genders. The study found PV (32.6%) to be the most common autoimmune blistering disease, followed by BP (29.3%), with females more frequently affected. DIF was effective in confirming clinical diagnoses across various subtypes.
Supporting teacher dispositions towards translanguaging-for-learning in a Grade 9 mathematics classroom
Authors: Guzula Xolisa , Abdulatief Soraya
Published: November 2024

Background: Our article argues that the role of translingual instruction in mathematics classrooms is under-recognised in South Africa, as policymakers, teacher educators, teachers, learners, and parents assume that mathematics is just about numbers and calculations and not language. This is despite findings on the value of using children’s familiar language resources in MacDonald (1991), code-switching for meaning-making in mathematics and science learning by Setati et al. (2002) and Probyn (2015), and the findings by Mbude (2019) on using isiXhosa for boosting mathematical and science skills.Objectives: The main aim of our article is to examine the role of the Languaging-for-Learning (L4L) project in fostering ‘supportive teacher dispositions’ to translanguaging and bilingual and multilingual education. We will accomplish this aim through description and analysis of one Grade 8 and Grade 9 mathematics teacher and her learners who participated in the project.Method: The study is a qualitative and interpretive linguistic ethnographic case study of a Grade 8 and Grade 9 mathematics teacher. The researchers used ethnographic methods to collect data and primarily draw on data transcribed from one of the video recordings of a lesson, fieldnotes of their classroom observations and still photographs from their classroom visits and L4L workshops. They used discourse analysis to interpret the data.Results: The research findings point to the critical role that fostering supportive teacher dispositions to translanguaging can play in teacher development and in supporting learners’ engagement and learning in multilingual mathematics classrooms.Contribution: Our contribution to the field has been in demonstrating pluriversality in mathematics classrooms, showing how translanguaging enhances meaning-making and participation and helps to give voice to learners.Conclusion: Having multilingual resources, collaboratively building knowledge and resources and team teaching with teachers played a role in supporting the teacher’s development in pedagogical translanguaging.
Surgical site infections
Authors: Nel D.C.
Published: November 2024

No abstract available.
The Burning Truth(s)
Authors: Moore R.
Published: November 2024

A severe burn is arguably the most significant injury that the human body can sustain. No other form of trauma causes the massive physiological changes seen in a patient with a major burn injury. This is true in the first few weeks as well as up to two years post-burn, due to the persistence of the hypermetabolic response.1 Both the profound alterations in physiology as well as numerous anatomical changes make anaesthesia of the severely burned patient complex and challenging.
What to do in the event of an adverse anaesthetic event or medical error
Authors: Thomas Jenny
Published: November 2024

No abstract available.
Evidence that changes the way you practice - Bipolar disorder: Mania and depression explained
Authors: Outhoff K.
Published: November 2024

Bipolar disorder is characterised by alternating discrete episodes of depression and mania. Rational pharmacotherapy necessitates an appreciation of these different phases and of the possible underlying pathophysiology. A greater understanding of the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder has boosted awareness of how anti-bipolar drugs work, and vice versa. This bidirectional relationship has amplified knowledge in both disciplines.
An update on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and gastrointestinal risk
Authors: Van Schoor Jacky
Published: November 2024

Recommendations for the prevention of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-related gastrointestinal ulceration and cardiovascular (CV) complications were recently made available through an initiative designed in collaboration with leading specialists in South Africa. The prevention of CV complications and NSAID-related ulceration are discussed in two articles for the purposes of this publication. The first article in this two-part series presented an update on NSAID-related CV risk. This is the second article, and provides an update on NSAIDs and gastrointestinal risk.
Part 1: Medico-legal documentation South African Police Services forms, Department of Justice forms and patient information
Authors: Kotzé J.M. , Brits H. , Botes B.A.
Published: November 2024

Medical practitioners share the responsibility of action against crime by supporting the justice system. The best way for a medical practitioner to achieve this is by proper examination of victims and/or perpetrators, and completing the legal documents meticulously. This can be a frightening experience without proper formal training. Paper 1 addresses the role and responsibility of the medical practitioner and issues around consent, general information on the completion of the J88, as well as the perceived gold standard of medical information relayed to the courts. Medico-legal documentation is more than the compilation of a medico-legal report. The clinical notes are part and parcel of the documentation to protect practitioners against negligence and malpractice investigations. Valid medico-legal consent differs from medical consent. Knowledge of legislation pertaining to child pornography and the practical and ethical aspects of photography is also necessary. Inappropriate completion of medico-legal documentation may necessitate the practitioner having to explain the documentation to make it understandable to the court.
Research Articles Abstracts
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: November 2024

Full articles will be available online by 12 January 2015.
Part 2: Medico-legal documentation - Practical completion of pages 1 and 4 of the J88 form
Authors: Kotze J.M. , Brits H. , Monatisa M.S. , Botes J.
Published: November 2024

This is Part 2 of a three-part series on medico-legal documentation. Part 1 addressed the knowledge and skills necessary to complete a legal J88 document. The aim of Part 2 is to give practical guidance on completion of the J88 form in the case of assault. Part 3 will address the sexual assault section of the J88 form. As a legal document, the J88 form must be completed accurately with regard to demographic information, including the time and date of examination, to assist with interpretation of the findings. The full names of the person examined appear on the SAPS 308 form, and must be confirmed by the patient and an identification document, if available. The name of the healthcare provider must be identifiable and contact details must be stated to assist with tracing, if necessary. A complete history is important because a differential diagnosis needs be considered, and the clinical findings must be consistent with the description of the incident in terms of time, mechanism of the injury and the place at which the incident took place, as these all add to the probability that the incident occurred as disclosed. The health worker has a dual responsibility with regard to both the health and medico-legal aspects pertaining to the patient and must record these in the clinical notes. Only medico-legal aspects are recorded on the J88 form. A top-to-toe, back-to-front examination must be performed methodically, since the person may be unaware of certain injuries. The healthcare worker must write a conclusion in the space provided. Support of the history with the clinical picture is the basis for the conclusion.
The Role of Physical Activity in COVID-19 Mortality Rate: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nahvi Reza , Shakibaee Abolfazl , Salesi Mahmood , Esmaeili Hakime , Bazgir Behzad
Published: November 2024

Background:

Recent evidence suggests a negative correlation between physical activity and the incidence and severity of noncommunicable chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and respiratory infections. This study explores the potential influence of physical activity levels on the mortality rate and coronavirus disease (COVID-19) recovery.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive analytical cross-sectional study evaluated 175 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)–confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to Baqiyatallah Hospital. The participants’ hospitalization data and physical activity levels were assessed. The Mann–Whitney U test explored the association between physical activity and COVID-19 outcomes.

Results:

Findings revealed that COVID-19 patients had a mean (SD) physical activity score of 6.55 (1.76) out of a possible 15. The mean scores for physical activity in work, sport, and leisure environments were 2.69 (0.49), 1.37 (1.45), and 2.49 (0.59) out of 5, respectively. Surviving patients exhibited significantly higher sports-specific and overall physical activity levels than those who succumbed to the disease. A Man–Whitney U test results noted statistically significant relationship between total and sports-specific physical activity, hospitalization (interquartile range (IQR) 2.3-3.06, p = 0.020 and IQR 2.5-3, p = 0.010, respectively), and mortality (IQR 0.44-2.75, p = 0.020 and IQR 1.47-2.97, p = 0.020).

Conclusions:

In summary, increased total physical activity, particularly in a sports environment, appears to be linked with reduced COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality rates.
Evaluating the General Health Risk Factors (Physical, Psychological, and Social Functions) of Hospital Staff a Year after COVID-19 Outbreak in 2020-2021, Isfahan Iran
Authors: Khodadai Farinaz , Kheirabadi Gholamreza , Bolghan-Abadi Mustafa , Parchami Koorosh
Published: November 2024

Background:

Healthcare workers are the first to be exposed to the virus and are at greater risk than the general public. This study aimed to examine the risk factors that affected hospital staff’s general health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Isfahan, Iran.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on the staff of all hospitals in Isfahan one year after the COVID-19 outbreak (2021–2022). The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was used to determine social functioning, while the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) was employed to assess physical and psychological health status.

Results:

There was a significant positive relationship between work experience in the COVID-19 ward and the scores of physical health (r = 0.26, df = 298, p < 0.01), depressive symptoms (r = 0.24, df = 298, p < 0.01), and anxiety (r = 0.17, df = 298, p < 0.01). The job and income satisfaction score was negatively related to the scores of social function variables (r = −0.25, df = 298, p < 0.01) and depressive syndrome (r = −0.12, df = 298, p < 0.05). The fear of COVID-19 was related to social functioning (r = 0.12, df = 298, p < 0.01), physical health (r = 0.31, df = 298, p < 0.001), depressive symptoms (r = 0.36, df = 298, p < 0.001), panic attacks (r = 0.15, df = 298, p < 0.01), and generalized anxiety (r = 0.23, df = 298, p < 0.001). Gender and age significantly predicted general health.

Conclusions:

The COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected all dimensions of hospital staff’s health, particularly those with underlying physical conditions.
The Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Fatigue and Moral Distress in Emergency Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shahcheragh Seyed Hossein , Fekri Nazanin , Rad Mostafa
Published: November 2024

Background:

Emergency nurses face various challenging conditions and many moral distress that may associated with fatigue from providing care. The spiritual intelligence of nurses has been found to have an impact on the quality of care. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the spiritual intelligence of emergency nurses with fatigue from providing care and moral distress in emergency nurses.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 nurses working in the emergency departments of hospitals in Semnan and Sabzevar, who were selected by stratified random method. They were asked to complete the spiritual intelligence, nurse fatigue scale, and moral distress questionnaire through self-reporting. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26 and Amos software, path analysis, and correlation tests.

Results:

An increase in spiritual intelligence leads to a significant reduction in moral distress (p = 0.01) and fatigue from caregiving (p = 0.001). In contrast, an increase in moral distress leads to a considerable increase in fatigue from caregiving (p = 0.001).

Conclusions:

The results showed that spiritual intelligence has an inverse relationship with moral distress and fatigue from providing care. Moral distress has a direct relationship with fatigue from providing care. Therefore, interventions in the field of increasing spiritual intelligence and reducing moral distress and fatigue from providing care are recommended.