bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The vulnerable workforce: COVID-19 and the fate of atypical workers
Authors: Ibourk Aomar , Elouaourti Zakaria
Published: December 2024

The Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly affected the global workforce, with certain occupational groups facing greater challenges than others. Atypical part-time, temporary, and gig job workers are among the most vulnerable. This paper first examines the impact of the COVID-19 health crisis on atypical/ contingent workers by firm size, industry, and region. Second, we explore the factors determining the increase/decrease of the temporary labor force at the firm level. Third, we aim to verify the empirical validity of the Schumpeterian “destruction creative” hypothesis since any crisis is associated with destroying old jobs and creating new job needs. We mobilized a firm-level database of 12,193 firms from 19 countries and a dynamic logit model methodology. Our empirical results show that atypical workers were among those most impacted by COVID-19. Results by firm size show that small firms raised the probability of increasing the level of the temporary labor force, as opposed to medium- and large-sized firms. Results by sector of activity revealed that firms operating in sectors other than construction (hotels and restaurants, retail trade, IT, transport, machinery, and equipment) were less likely to increase their temporary labor force. Geographic location is a key driver of the increase or decrease in a firm’s temporary workforce. Furthermore, insufficiently educated labor and regulations drive temporary labor variations. Finally, the Schumpeterian “creative destruction” hypothesis was empirically confirmed.
Molecular characterization of colorectal cancer: Insights from miRNA, mRNA, and protein analysis
Authors: Ham-Karim Hersh Abdul , Ahmad Narmeen , Shwan Alan , Ilyas Mohammad
Published: December 2024

Recent research highlights the significant roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in various diseases, particularly cancer, where they serve as diagnostic and prognostic markers. This study focuses on colorectal cancer (CRC) by examining the expression of six specific miRNAs, miR-20a, miR-21, miR-29a, miR-31, miR-92a, and miR-224, in 81 tumor samples compared to matched normal tissues. We assessed the expression levels of six target genes, SMAD4, PTEN, TGFBRII, BCL2, KLF4, and RASA1, using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Our results indicated a significant upregulation of miR-20a, miR-21, miR-29a, and miR-31 in tumor samples, alongside a decrease in TGFBRII mRNA expression. Correlation analyses demonstrated that high levels of miR-20a were inversely related to both mRNA and protein levels of PTEN. Elevated expressions of miR-21 and miR-224 were associated with lower mRNA and protein levels of TGFBRII. Furthermore, increased levels of miR-29a and miR-31 showed an inverse relationship with mRNA and protein levels of RASA1. These findings suggest a strong link between upregulated miRNAs and downregulated target genes, indicating their significant roles in CRC carcinogenesis. Notably, the upregulation of miR-20a, miR-21, miR-29a, and miR-31 may serve as effective biomarkers for differentiating CRC from normal mucosa, potentially enhancing screening strategies in the general population.
PREVALENCE OF RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE AMONG SCHOOL-GOING CHILDREN IN NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN REGIONS OF SARAWAK, MALAYSIA
Authors: Rudy Ngau Ajeng  , Rahman Md Mizanur , Asri Bin Said  , Mohamed Ameenudeen  , Greta Miranda Goh Kim Choo  , Muhammad Siddiq Bin Daud  , Mohd Faiz Gahamat
Published: December 2024

Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is a preventable chronic heart disease caused by rheumatic fever. RHD can result in complications and can even conclude in unexpected death at a young age. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of RHD among the school-going age group in the Northern and Southern regions of Sarawak. This research was conducted as a cross-sectional study in Samarahan and Kuching of the Southern Region and Miri of the Northern Region of Sarawak. The study population comprised school-going children within the divisions. The data on sociodemographic characteristics were collected through a questionnaire. At the same time, echocardiographic parameters were collected through a portable echocardiographic device. Cardiologists confirmed the abnormal cardiac findings. The overall prevalence of RHD was 14 per 1000 persons or 1.4%. Borderline RHD prevalence was 9 per 1000 persons or 0.9%, while the Definite RHD prevalence was 5 per 1000 persons or 0.5 %.  With the prevalence obtained, more attention should be given to preventing this silent disease.
Influence of Investment in Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) Technologies on Cost of Production of Manufacturing Industries in Tanzania
Authors: Nguvava Heriel E.
Published: December 2024

The study assessed influence of investment in 4IR technologies on production costs of manufacturing industries in Tanzania. Specifically, the study set out to establish relationship and causality of investment in 4IR technologies on manufacturing industries’ costs of production. To achieve the research objectives, the study used a quantitative descriptive design to generate the required data. Moreover, the study used structured questionnaires for cross-sectional survey, administered with 225 production managers of manufacturing industries in Tanzania. It used probability sampling in the form of cluster sampling. Additionally, the study used Pearson correlation and the Least Square methods to analyse the objectives of the study. The study found a statistically significant causal effect between investment in 4IR technology and manufacturing firms cost of production whereby, when manufacturing firms increase investment in 4IR technologies by 1 unit, the production cost of such firms will increase by 1.08 units. These results are supported by further findings from the Pearson correlation analysis between investment in industry 4.0 and cost of production of manufacturing firms which indicate positive relationship. When manufacturing firms increase investment in 4IR technology their cost of production will also rise. Implicitly, the emergence of 4IR to countries like Tanzania that are not sufficiently prepared on modern technology supportive infrastructures, policies, strategies and technology governance quality, may occasion a decline in production due to increase in costs of manufacturing firms. This study calls on the Tanzania Government to review and improve its Sustainable Industrial Development Policy of 2020 and the Integrated Industrial Development Strategy of 2025 to promote and support both resource-based industries and technological based industries and speed up industrialization within the country. The government should also improve its investment policies and align them with technological changes brought by 4IR, to attract more foreign direct investments thus further facilitate importation, adoption and imitation of 4IR technologies from developed countries that lead to production cost decline in long-run and enhance productivity of the manufacturing sector
Service Quality Standards and Organisation Performance of Private Hospitals in Eldoret City, Kenya
Authors: Chepkirui Abishag , Otiso Kennedy Ntabo , Mutai Joseph
Published: December 2024

The private health sector has received much attention in recent times and is crucial in the expansion of access to quality healthcare. The majority of private hospitals in the country are undergoing performance challenges due to the inability to retain and satisfy their customers. Because of the improvements in health provision by county governments, private hospitals are facing increasing performance challenges due shortage of human resource personnel, shortage of medical services and inadequate medical infrastructure. Therefore, this study sought to find how the level of implementation of service quality standards affected the organisation performance of private hospitals. This study is supported by the Service Quality (SERVQUAL) model. The study is quantitative in nature guided by correlational research design. The study was conducted in Eldoret town covering major hospitals classified from Level 3B and above. The target population involved 1875 employees from 25 private hospitals in Eldoret town. A sample size of 319 respondents was chosen through the Cochran sample size formula to be representative of the whole population. The respondents (319) out of 1875 were selected using stratified and random sampling techniques. The research instrument used in data collection was a questionnaire. Data analysis was undertaken through the use of descriptive statistics; frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation inferential statistics; correlation and linear regression with the help of Statistical Product and Service Solutions computer software. Findings showed service quality standards (β=0.240) had a significant positive effect on the performance of private hospitals in Eldoret town. It is concluded that the performance of hospitals is dependent on the extent to which service quality standards were implemented by the management of private hospitals in Eldoret. The study recommends that private hospitals regularly collect customers’ feedback to improve the standards of services/ The study findings provide solutions to private hospitals on the way to improve their performance through the adoption of quality healthcare service strategies in the delivery of services to patients
PUSHKIN’S NANNY: A POEM BY A. GORODNITSKY IN THE CONTEXT OF PUSHKIN’S MYTH ABOUT THE NANNY
Authors:   Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, Afanasyeva Elmira , Srivastava Lakshmi
Published: December 2024

This article studies the mythopoetics of poem “Pushkin’s Nanny”(2020) by A. M. Gorodnitsky in the context of the Pushkin myth.
The source of the literary myth about the nanny is rooted in the artistic world of Pushkin: the poems “An Evening in Winter”, “The Nanny”, “I Visited that Corner of the Earth Again” and the verse novel “Evgene Onegin”. The literary plot of ‘the poet and the nanny’ is continued in the works of Russian writers (particularly, in the lyrics of N. M. Yazykov) and in the biographical studies of Pushkin.
Starting with the 19th century, Pushkin’s nanny began to correspond with the image of an earthly patroness, very sophisticated, protecting the child and “so many times glorified by him” (I. I. Pushchin). She is perceived as a considerate participant in the destiny of the poet, who is already adult, and his companions. Cultural memory has been imprinted with the name of “Arina Rodionovna” since the second half of the 19th century. This occurs as a result of the writings of the early Pushkin scholars, especially P. V. Annenkov.
The elements of Pushkin’s myth, such as the harmony of the paired image “Poet-Nanny” and the culmination of the triad “Poet-Manor life -Nanny” are restored in the work while analyzing the poem “Pushkin’s Nanny” by A. M. Gorodnitsky. The poetic event correlates both the national and personal histories of the two individuals. Benevolent love of Arina Rodionovna towards the poet shielded him from all troubles and adverse circumstances. The motives of anonymity and impossibility to locate the nanny’s last resting place come to light at the culmination of the poem. The scenario of mythological diminution eventually results in the poet’s mental stamina and the emptiness of his native world. The specific aspect of the author’s interpretation towards the Pushkin myth is the notion of a “close bond” between “the gray-haired muse” and her nursling.
Prediction, Prevention and Treatment of Pancreatic Fistula after Pancreatoduodenalectomy
Authors: Егоров Василий Иванович , Ахметзянов Фоат Шайхутдинович
Published: December 2024

Панкреатический свищ является самым частым и опасным осложнением после хирургического лечения рака поджелудочной железы. Развитие свища значительно ухудшает как ближайшие, так и отдаленные результаты лечения этой патологии, снижает качество жизни пациентов. В данной работе освещены основные исследования, которые посвящены изучению панкреатических фистул после панкреатодоуденальных резекций. Основной упор сделан на понятии и современной классификации панкреатических фистул, возможностях ее прогнозирования, методах профилактики и лечения данного осложнения. Изучена роль инструментальных методов лечения в прогнозировании свища после операции, их корреляции с клиническими данными. Рассмотрены различные консервативные и хирургические способы профилактики свища, роль формирования наружной вирсунгостомы. Приведены основные способы лечения панкреатической фистулы. Причины и механизмы панкреатического свища многогранны, а ее последствия могут оказать значительное негативное влияние на продолжительность и качество жизни пациента. В связи с этим роли прогнозирования панкреатического свища и применению методов профилактики следует уделять особое внимание.
Intratumor Heterogeneity of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Беляк Наталья Петровна , Орлова Рашида Вахидовна , Раскин Григорий Александрович , Кутукова Светлана Игоревна , Андросова Александра Валерьевна , Каледина Екатерина Александровна , Пелипась Юрий Васильевич
Published: December 2024

Введение. Гетерогенность рака желудка включает в себя не только межопухолевую гетерогенность от пациента к пациенту, но и вариации в пределах одной опухоли (внутриопухолевая гетерогенность).
Материалы и методы. В анализ было включено 69 пациентов с верифицированным раком желудка I-III стадий, получавших лечение и наблюдение в СПб ГБУЗ «Городской клинический онкологический диспансер» в период с января 2021 по март 2024 гг. С помощью иммуногистохимического исследования в 138 доступных послеоперационных образцах (от 69 пациентов) нами произведена оценка: уровня экспрессии HER2/neu, выявление наличие/отсутствие признаков MSI, уровня экспрессии PD-L1, уровня экспрессии рецептора/амплификация FGFR2, РНК вируса Эпштейна-Барр в первичной опухоли и в метастатически измененном регионарном лимфатическом узле.
Результаты. Гетерогенность по уровню экспрессии HER2/neu была зарегистрирована в 5 (7,2 %) образцах. Признаки MSI выявлены в 6/69 (8,7 %) образцах и характеризовались всегда выпадением PMS2 и MLH1. В 2 случаях наблюдалась гетерогенность. Сверхэкспрессия/амплификация FGFR2 (3+) выявлена в 5 случаях (7,2 %), гетерогенность была выявлена только в 1 образце. Случаев РНК вируса Эпштейна-Барр (EBER1) не выявлено. В 15/69 образцах (21,7 %) встречалась гетерогенность уровня экспрессии PD-L1. Как в образцах первичной опухоли, так и в материале регионарных лимфатических узлов основным экспрессором PD-L1 были иммунные, а не опухолевые клетки. Многофакторный анализ показал значимое влияние уровня экспрессии PD-L1 в опухолевых клетках метастатического лимфатического узла (TPS) ≥1 (р = 0,014), уровень экспрессии PD-L1 на иммунных клетках первичной опухоли (как % площади под позитивными иммунными клетками от площади опухоли) £ 3 (р = 0,009), уровень экспрессии PD-L1 на иммунных клетках метастатического лимфатического узла £ 1 (р = 0,044).
Выводы. Полученные данные поднимают вопрос о необходимости проведения дополнительных биопсий из первичной опухоли и метастатических очагов для корректного выявления молекулярно-генетического подтипа заболевания.
Prognostic Immunological Factors of Lymphogenic Metastasis in Colon Cancer
Authors: Кит Олег Иванович , Дженкова Елена Алексеевна , Мирзоян Эллада Арменовна , Новикова Инна Арнольдовна , Сагакянц Александр Борисович , Златник Елена Юрьевна , Бондаренко Елена Сергеевна , Каминский Геннадий Владимирович , Малинин Сергей Андреевич , Чалхахян Лусеген Хачатурович , Алексеев Эдуард Константинович , Антонян Артур Андрясович , Димитриади Сергей Николаевич
Published: December 2024

Введение. Корректная оценка стадии и прогноза является основой успешного лечения любой опухоли.
Цель — оценить роль ряда иммунологических параметров локального иммунитета при раке ободочной кишки (РОК) в зависимости от распространенности процесса и на основании полученных данных разработать комплексную модель для определения вероятности лимфогенного метастазирования опухоли.
Материалы и методы. В работу включено 50 пациентов РОК: c поражением лимфатических узлов (N+) — 27 пациентов (54 %), без поражения (N0) — 23 пациента (46 %). Из ткани опухоли, перитуморальной зоны (1–3 см от опухоли), линии резекции (~10 см от опухоли) была получена клеточная суспензия для выявления основных субпопуляций лимфоцитов, а также определения экспрессии TLRs (2, 3, 4) на CD45+(лимфоцитах), CD45-EpCAM+ (эпителиальные клетки). Статистический анализ результатов исследования проводился с помощью программы STATISTICA 13.3.
Результаты. В тканях опухоли у пациентов с N0 увеличено количество T-лимфоцитов, натуральных киллеров (NK). В перитуморальной зоне при N0 отмечено более низкое содержание CD19+, а при N+ — двойных позитивных лимфоцитов (ДП), NK (p < 0,05). Для тканей опухолей группы N0, в отличие от N+, характерно уменьшение количества опухолевых клеток, экспрессирующих TLR3. В перитуморальной зоне обеих групп отмечено разнонаправленное изменение количества клеток, которые экспрессируют TLR2: уменьшение — при N0, увеличение — при N+(p < 0,05). При анализе относительного количества лимфоцитов во фрагментах тканей первичных опухолей пациентов с N0 отмечено уменьшение относительного количества клеток, экспрессирующих TLR2, и увеличение экспрессирующих TLR3,4, а для пациентов N+ отмечено увеличение количества клеток, которые экспрессируют TLR4 в 2,5 раз (p < 0,05). С помощью метода логистической регрессии была разработана комплексная модель для определения вероятности лимфогенного метастазирования РОК. Индивидуальные значения пациентов подставляются в математическую модель и рассчитывается вероятность N+ (диагностическая чувствительность — 89,1 %, специфичность — 88,2 %).
Выводы. Предложенная модель позволит прогнозировать распространенность процесса на предоперационном этапе у больных РОК, а также может стать одним из методов уточняющей диагностики в стадировании процесса.
New Prognostic Factors in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Орлова Рашида Вахидовна , Иванова Анастасия Константиновна , Раскин Григорий Александрович , Кутукова Светлана Игоревна
Published: December 2024

Введение. Колоректальный рак занимает лидирующие позиции в структуре онкологической заболеваемости. В результате онкоскрининга диагноз ставится на более ранних стадиях, и чаще пациентам стала проводиться адъювантная химиотерапия. В настоящее время имеются известные факторы прогноза, влияющие на включение в план лечения адъювантной химиотерапии, однако они не включают биологические и молекулярно-генетические особенности опухоли. Возможно, поиск новых прогностических факторов приведет к изменению парадигмы лечения больных с колоректальным раком.
Цель. Ооптимизация выбора адъювантной химиотерапии путем оценки влияния совокупности имеющихся факторов прогноза и дополнительных (индекс пролиферации Ki67, KRAS мутация, экспрессия хемокиновых рецепторов) факторов на безрецидивную выживаемость у пациентов с РОК после радикального хирургического лечения.
Материалы и методы. В исследование было включено 113 пациентов с диагнозом рак ободочной кишки II (группа А) или III стадии (группа В) после проведенного хирургического лечения. Всем пациентам было проведено лечение по имеющимся на тот момент стандартам, так пациентам в группе А было проведено только хирургическое лечение, а пациентам в группе В — комплексное лечение (хирургическое лечение + адъювантная химиотерапия). Все пациенты были под наблюдением в течение 60 мес. и, в зависимости от выявления отдаленных метастазов, были разделены на подгруппы. Далее были оценены клинические характеристики пациентов (возраст, пол, локализация первичной опухоли, характер выполненной операции) и морфологические характеристики опухоли (определение уровня экспрессии Ki-67; наличие и уровня экспрессии хемокинового рецептора CCRX4 и молекулярно-генетический анализ (определение мутации в 12,13 кодонах гена KRAS).
Результаты. Выявлены дополнительные факторы прогноза, влияющие на показатель безрецидивной выживаемости: экспрессия хемокинового рецептора CXCR4, индекс пролиферации Ki-67 и локализация опухоли.
Заключение. Дополнительные факторы прогноза, определенные в результате работы, целесообразно использовать для оптимизации комплексного лечения у пациентов с РОК.
The Role of Correcting Nutritional Deficiencies in Increasing the Effectiveness of Treatment in Patients with Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: Бриш Надежда Александровна , Семиглазова Татьяна Юрьевна , Карачун Алексей Михайлович , Ткаченко Елена Викторовна , Телетаева Гульфия Мидхатовна , Страх Любовь Владимировна , Служев Максим Иванович , Алексеева Юлия Владимировна , Кондратьев Сергей Валерьевич , Лебедев Константин Константинович , Понасенко Ольга Игоревна , Филатова Лариса Валентиновна , Каспаров Борис Сергеевич , Семиглазов Владислав Владимирович , Беляев Алексей Михайлович
Published: December 2024

Введение. Известно, что наличие признаков нутритивной недостаточности у пациентов с местнораспространенным раком желудка влечет за собой увеличение частоты осложнений противоопухолевого лечения, ухудшение качества жизни и сокращение ее продолжительности. В связи с этим актуальной является оценка влияния коррекции нутритивной недостаточности на эффективность комплексного лечения пациентов с местнораспространенным раком желудка.
Цель. Оценка прогностической роли коррекции нутритивных нарушений у пациентов с местнораспространенным раком желудка, подлежащих комплексному противоопухолевому лечению.
Материалы и методы. В ходе исследования проанализированы данные 200 пациентов с верифицированным местнораспространенным раком желудка. В группе наблюдения в ходе проспективной части исследования 100 пациентам на фоне противоопухолевого лечения проводилась нутритивная поддержка. В группу исторического контроля были включены ретроспективные данные о 100 пациентах, получавших противоопухолевое лечение без нутритивной поддержки. Оценивалась 5-летняя бессобытийная и общая выживаемость пациентов с местнораспространенным раком желудка, отдельно проанализированы показатели выживаемости в зависимости от исходного нутритивного статуса.
Результаты. 5-летняя бессобытийная выживаемость у пациентов без нутритивной недостаточности в группе наблюдения составила 86,7 % против 52,3 % в группе исторического контроля (р < 0,001); у пациентов с нутритивной недостаточностью — 48,9 % против 46,6 % соответственно (р = 0,24). Пятилетняя общая выживаемость пациентов без нутритивной недостаточности в группе наблюдения составила 92,7 % против 83,5 % в группе исторического контроля (р < 0,23); у пациентов с нутритивной недостаточностью — 72,7 % против 70,2 % соответственно (р < 0,752). Пациенты в группе наблюдения, не имевшие исходных признаков нутритивной недостаточности, показали лучшие показатели общей выживаемости, в отличие от остальных подгрупп (92,7 %).
Заключение. Наличие исходных признаков нутритивной недостаточности негативно отражается на отдаленных результатах комплексного лечения пациентов с местнораспространенным раком желудка. Профилактическое назначение нутритивной поддержки пациентам, не имеющим исходных нутриционных нарушений, опосредованно позволяет достичь наилучших результатов бессобытийной и общей выживаемости.
Influence of Preoperative Hepatic Artery Chemoembolization on Long-Term Oncological Outcomes after Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Assessment of Predictors of Recurrence
Authors: Жуйков Владимир Николаевич , Гранов Дмитрий Анатольевич , Поликарпов Алексей Александрович , Тилеубергенов Инхат Ибрагимович , Руткин Игорь Олегович , Шералиев Аслан Рахимджонович
Published: December 2024

Цель. Оценить роль предоперационной химиоэмболизации печеночной артерии и выявить предикторы развития рецидива гепатоцеллюлярной карциномы после радикальных резекций.
Материалы и методы. С 2011 по 2022 гг. выполнено 80 резекций печени по поводу гепатоцеллюлярной карциномы на фоне цирроза печени А. Чайлд-Пью. У 36 пациентов хирургическому вмешательству предшествовала химиоэмболизация печеночной артерии от одного до 4 циклов с последующей оценкой ответа по m-RECIST и динамики альфа-фетопротеина. У 44 пациентов резекция выполнена без неоадъювантного лечения. У всех пациентов оценивалась степень дифференцировки опухоли.
Результаты. Частота пострезекционной печеночной недостаточности и послеоперационных осложнений в двух группах достоверно не различалась (p > 0,05). В обеих группах при низкодифференцированной опухоли рецидив возник в 100 % случаев, умеренно дифференцированной — в 84 %, высоко дифференцированной — в 50 % (p < 0,05). В основной группе рост АФП приводил к рецидиву в 100 % случаев, у пациентов со снижением онкомаркера — в 59 % (p < 0,05). В основной группе при полном ответе по mRECIST рецидива не отмечено, при частичном ответе — рецидив в 45 % случаев, при стабилизации заболевания — 82 %, при прогрессировании — в 100 % (p < 0,05). Медианы безрецидивной и общей выживаемости в группах с предоперационным лечением и без него составили 10 и 15,5 месяцев, 72 и 48 месяцев соответственно.
Выводы. Предоперационная химиоэмболизация при гепатоцеллюлярной карциноме безопасна, увеличивает медиану общей выживаемости после резекции. Рост АФП, отсутствие полного или частичного ответа по mRECIST в группе с предоперационным лечением и низкая степень дифференцировки в обеих группах являются предикторами рецидива после радикальных резекций печени.
Sistem Manajemen Energi Bangunan Besar PPSDM Migas Tahun 2023
Authors:   PPSDM Migas, Winarto Sonden , Widiyantoro Rahmanto
Published: December 2024

Pusat Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Minyak dan Gas Bumi (PPSDM Migas) adalah Badan Layanan Umum di bawah Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral (ESDM) yang menyediakan layanan pelatihan, sertifikasi, pengujian, dan kalibrasi laboratorium di sektor minyak dan gas. Pada tahun 2022, PPSDM Migas mencatat lebih dari 35.000 peserta, menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang signifikan sejak didirikan pada tahun 1966. Terletak di atas lahan seluas 27,6 hektar dengan lima belas gedung utama, PPSDM Migas mengelola konsumsi energi melalui sistem manajemen energi yang terintegrasi sesuai dengan ISO 50001:2018. Melalui penerapan Energy Management System (EnMS), lembaga ini berhasil menurunkan konsumsi energi rata-rata sebesar 19,3% dibandingkan dengan baseline tahun 2018, serta mengurangi emisi CO2 sebesar 2.040.809 t-CO2 dalam empat tahun terakhir. Selain itu, kebutuhan air bersih dikelola melalui Water Treatment Plant (WTP) yang beroperasi secara mandiri. Dengan komitmen terhadap keberlanjutan dan efisiensi energi, PPSDM Migas berupaya menjadi pusat unggulan dalam pengembangan sumber daya manusia di sektor energi.
Brick masonry reinforcement with methyl methacrylate injection
Authors: Ishchuk E. M. , Ishchuk M. K.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Structural reinforcement of brick and stone masonry by grouting materials under pressure is an efficient approach to restoring the masonry integrity, and, in some cases, improving its bearing capacity. This paper presents the results of research studies into the strength of a masonry structure reinforced by methyl methacrylate injection. This research is part of a larger project, which was launched in 2004 and continues to date. Due to the high penetrating ability of methyl methacrylate, reinforcement of masonry structures with small crack opening seems highly promising.

Aim. Evaluation of the effectiveness of methyl methacrylate injection for masonry reinforcement.

Materials and methods. The experimental studies were carried out in two stages. At the first stage, masonry specimens manufactured in the form of columns were subjected to compression tests. At the second stage, methyl methacrylate was injected under pressure into the specimens with formed cracks. The as-reinforced specimens were tested again in order to evaluate their strength increase factor.

Results. The distribution of methyl methacrylate throughout masonry when injected under pressure, as well as through individual brick and mortar specimens without pressure, was studied. It is shown that the technology of masonry reinforcement by methyl methacrylate differs significantly from that of concrete consolidaton, where higher pressures contribute to its more even distribution over the concrete body.

Conclusions. Injection of methyl methacrylate into masonry with multiple load cracks can increase its loadbearing capacity by at least 1.2 times.

The results of research were used in the development of normative documents on reinforcement of masonry structures.
Rapid source forgetting across modalities: A problem for working memory models
Authors: Delooze Molly A. , Guitard Dominic , Cowan Nelson , Morey Candice C.
Published: December 2024

Working memory is a cognitive system that enables the temporary retention (usually a few seconds) of a limited amount of information. However, recent evidence has posed challenges to the conventional understanding of working memory's persistence. Chen et al. (Psychological Science, 29(4), 645–655, 2018) demonstrated that participants can easily make judgments using a stimulus’s identity but cannot recall from which source the information came (presented either as a written word or a color patch) just milliseconds earlier. This “Source Amnesia” carries substantial implications for working memory models but has yet to be explored within the realm of verbal information. We fill this gap by investigating the robustness and generalizability of this rapid forgetting phenomenon. We first replicate the observed effect within the visual domain (Experiment 1) and subsequently extend it to the verbal domain (Experiment 2). Finally, we test the idea that participants may instead encode a positional context (Experiment 3), in line with the Interference model (Oberauer & Lin, Psychological Review, 124(1), 21, 2017). Aligning with the work of Chen et al. (Psychological Science, 29(4), 645–655, 2018), our results consistently reveal a pronounced tendency for rapid forgetting, for both visual and verbal information regardless of whether the information is elicited for recall by format or position cues. The theoretical implications of these findings for current memory models are discussed.
The effect of instructed refreshing on working memory: Is the memory boost a function of refreshing frequency or refreshing duration?
Authors: Vergauwe Evie , Souza Alessandra S. , Langerock Naomi , Oberauer Klaus
Published: December 2024

Refreshing is assumed to reactivate the contents of working memory in an attention-based way, resulting in a boost of the attended representations and hence improving their subsequent memory. Here, we examined whether the refreshing-induced memory boost is a constant or a gradual, time-dependent phenomenon. If the beneficial effect of refreshing on memory performance is due to the information being selected for refreshing (i.e., selection hypothesis), a constant memory boost is expected to occur each time an item is selected for refreshing, with better memory performance for items that are selected more often. If, however, the beneficial effect of refreshing on memory performance is due to spending time in the focus of attention during refreshing (i.e., duration hypothesis), a gradual memory boost is expected, with the size of the memory boost being a direct function of how long the item has been the object of focused attention. To distinguish between these hypotheses, we instructed and guided the use of refreshing during retention through the presentation of cues, and varied the number of refreshing steps and their duration independently. The number of refreshing steps, but not their duration, had an effect on recall, in agreement with the selection hypothesis. However, some of the results were less robust than anticipated, indicating that the effect of instructed refreshing is limited to certain task parameters.
Spontaneous associative thought may facilitate scene-gist memory via implicit scene-labeling
Authors: Baror Shira , Aminoff Elissa , Kenett Yoed N.
Published: December 2024

Spontaneous associative processes (e.g., mind wandering, spontaneous memory recollection) are prevalent in everyday life, yet their influence on perceptual scene memory is under debate. Given that scene perception involves extraction of contextual associations, we hypothesized that associative thought would enhance scene memory by promoting encoding of contextual associations. In an online experiment (N = 75), participants viewed scenes, and following each scene either generated chained-free associations (associative processing), or, as control, listed words that begin with a specific letter (phonological processing). Scene memory was tested after an intermediate creativity task, which is also shown to rely on associative processes. Results revealed that associative thought, regardless of its conceptual (semantic) distances between responses, enhanced scene-gist memory, but hampered memory of scene details, implying that associative thought facilitates contextual encoding. In a follow-up experiment (N = 74), we found that the effect of associative thought on scene-gist memory was mediated by scene labeling. When participants were asked to explicitly label the scene before completing an associative processing or a phonological processing task, scene-gist memory was prioritized at the expense of scene details, eliminating the memory differences between tasks. These findings imply that labeling past perceived scenes, whether explicitly or implicitly during associative thought, facilitates scene-gist memory. Lastly, in both experiments, creativity was not correlated with scene memory but was positively correlated with the semantic distances between scene-based associations, extending past findings that link creativity with the breadth of associative processes. Together, these findings highlight the likely effect of post-perceptual associative processes on higher-order cognitive functions, such as memory consolidation and creative thought.
Surprising acidity for the methylene of 1,3-indenocorannulenes?
Authors: Liu Shi , Lõkov Märt , Tshepelevitsh Sofja , Leito Ivo , Baldridge Kim K , Siegel Jay S
Published: December 2024

Quantitative assessment of the first acidity constant (pKa) for BFC (27.6 in CH3CN) and FIC (27.8 in CH3CN) shows the methylene protons to be significantly more acidic than those in related cyclopentadiene (32 in CH3CN), indene (34 in CH3CN), or fluorene (37 in CH3CN) and comparable to the methine of 9-perfluorophenylfluorene (28.14 in CH3CN). This work reports quantitative pKa values of BFC and FIC, places those values in a broadened context of CpH-cognate hydrocarbon acidity and presents a Clar–Loschmidt graph perspective to help understand the “surprises”.
Implementación de un Material Compuesto Utilizando Polvo de Neumático, para la Fabricación de Piso Flexible
Authors: Llumitasig Calvopiña Mario Javier , Guaman Quispillo Juan Mauricio , Defaz Chimba Jesica Belén
Published: December 2024

Se obtuvo un material compuesto con forma y dimensiones de una baldosa mediante el aprovechamiento del polvo de neumático fuera de uso, mismo que es desechado y van a parar en sumideros, ríos y finalmente al mar, mediante procesos de trituración se tiene el polvo de neumático y aprovechando sus características mecánicas se puede utilizar como matriz para formar un material compuesto conjuntamente con un ligante como el poliuretano liquido en una concentración sugerida del 20% y bajo condiciones de presión y temperatura que nos proporciona una maquina prensadora tenemos el material compuesto aprovechando aproximadamente un 99% de la materia prima, se realizó probetas de acuerdo a las especificaciones de la norma ASTM D638 y D2240 para establecer sus propiedades mecánicas tracción y dureza respectivamente, teniendo valores de 68 en dureza en la escala de Shore A apto para usar como recubrimiento de piso garantizando un piso flexible y la durabilidad del mismo.
Exploring the Opportunities of Applying RFID Technology in Smart Agriculture
Authors: Ahmed Othman Abdullah Musleh , Ahmad Nur Azliza , Ripin Nabilah , Saadon Eddy Irwan Shah , Ismail Muhammad Faizal , Abd Rahman Nurul Huda , Subahir Suhaila , Ramli Nurulazlina
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the opportunities of applying RFID (radio-frequency identification) technology in smart agriculture. With the projected increase in global population and the resulting higher demand for food production, the agricultural industry is under pressure to find more efficient and sustainable ways to meet these needs. Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology has been recently adopted in the agriculture industry as a means of improving efficiency and productivity towards achieving smart agriculture. RFID technology is revolutionizing smart agriculture, offering automation, real-time monitoring and data-driven decision-making. Integrating RFID tags with plants and soil samples optimizes resource utilization, crop health management, traceability and quality assurance. RFID in smart agriculture offers opportunities for resource optimization, crop health management, traceability and automation. Leveraging RFID technology, farmers can elevate productivity, reduce costs, improve sustainability and meet global demands. Adopting RFID in agriculture revolutionizes traditional practices, enabling efficient and sustainable farming. RFID-enabled traceability enhances food safety, quality assurance and transparency in the food supply chain. The objective of this paper is to explore the potential of RFID technology in smart agriculture and highlight the significance of effective RFID antenna design for optimizing food production, addressing global challenges and fostering a more efficient, sustainable and resilient agricultural sector.
Comparative Analysis of Aluminium 6061-T6 With Different Stock Leaves Setting on Holes True Position: A Case Study
Authors: Abdul Razak Muhammad Faiz , Osman Shahrul Azmir , Ourdjini Ali , Osman Saliza Azlina
Published: December 2024

With the evolution of industrial technology, improved machining processes have been developed. With the expansion of machining processes, machining characteristics alter according to the tool and work materials, tools used, machining technique used, etc., increasing surface smoothness, dimensional accuracy, and tool wear. Geometric error is a problem in precision machining due to parameter settings. This research aims to analyse the effect of stock leave setup on achieving precise product hole positions and improving machining process efficiency. The substrate involved was AL6061-T6. This study involved the use of MasterCAM software for simulation analysis to predict the effectiveness of the machining process. Then, the machining process was implemented with different stock leaves of 4 mm and 1 mm using a 5-axis Mazak machine. The result reveals the coordinate measurement machine (CMM) reading is proportional to the stock leave setup. The small reading value of CMM produces better accuracy cutting in machining process. In addition, a small value of stock leave produces a hole position within the specification due to adding additional processes compared to the high value of stock leave. Thus, with suitable parameters, all machining processes can produce a good accuracy of finishing parts and meet customer requirements.
Comparative Analysis of Fuzzy Logic, PID, and FOPID Controllers in DC Microgrid Voltage Regulation for Power Plants: Integrating Renewable Energy Sources
Authors: Ibrahim Waseem Kh. , S. Abdullah Fawaz , Ali Firas Aziz
Published: December 2024

The worldwide direction moving towards sustainable energy solutions requires more advanced control mechanisms within power systems, especially in DC microgrids that combine renewable energy sources like solar panels and wind turbines with conventional power setups. This paper addresses the necessary challenge of maintaining steady and efficient DC voltage control—important for the dependability and performance of power plants. Specifically, it looks at the efficiency of four different control strategies: classic PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controllers, Fuzzy Logic Controllers (FLC), Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controllers, and a new mixed system that merges Fuzzy Logic with PID controllers in a Fuzzy-PI layout. Our approach utilizes a strict comparative analysis using MATLAB Simulink simulations, assessing each controller’s capacity to manage dynamic load shifts, adjust to the unpredictability of renewable energy inputs, and preserve strong voltage stability under various operational cases. The simulations are crafted to single out the most effective control strategy to boost efficiency and toughness in microgrid operations. This study adds substantially to the progress of control strategies in hybrid energy systems, offering important insights into the creation of more complex and reliable power management solutions. By evaluating the performance of these varied controllers, we aim to underline potential upgrades in control systems that could support better energy management in intricate grid setups, thereby encouraging the wider inclusion of renewable energy technologies into power grids.
CFD Analysis into the Breakdown of Catamaran Resistance Based on the Original Formula by Insel and Molland
Authors: Wulandari Amalia Ika , Sulisetiyono Aries , Utama I Ketut Aria Pria
Published: December 2024

Over the last 40 years, the use of fast catamaran has progressively developed attributed to its unique characteristics on resistance and seakeeping. The advantages have also been applied to military vessels to gain both resistance and seakeeping benefits. The current study focuses on the resistance of catamaran warships to provide less resistance, therefore, the size of engine and emission of toxic gases to the atmosphere. The total resistance of a catamaran will be different from a monohull of equal displacement. There are several factors including viscous interference factors such as φ, which is introduced to take account of the pressure field change around the hull, σ takes account of the velocity augmentation between the two hulls and calculated from an integration of local frictional resistance over the wetted surface, and τ is the wave resistance interference factor change. Those resistance components were developed by Insel and Molland in the 1990s. The investigation discusses the derivation of those components numerically using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach. The speeds (hence, the Froude numbers) are varied from 0.2 to 0.6 and the separations between the hulls (S/L) are made between 0.2 and 0.4 so the comparative purposes can be done against the classical work of Insel and Molland and other published data.
Design and Implementation of Solar-Powered Submersible Water Pump for Irrigation System in Subak Munduk Babakan Sangeh, Bali
Authors: PURNAMA Ida Bagus Irawan , ELFAROSA Ketut Vini , SUGIRIANTA Ida Bagus Ketut , INDRAYANTI Anak Agung Putri , WIDIANTARA Made
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive study on the design, implementation, and performance evaluation of a Solar-Powered Submersible Water Pump (SPSWP) system tailored for agricultural irrigation in Subak Munduk Babakan, Sangeh, Bali. With a focus on sustainable agriculture and water resource management, the system addresses the challenges of water scarcity during the dry season in the absence of natural irrigation sources. The SPSWP system, consisting of solar panels with a pump controller, a submersible pump, and a water tank, harnesses solar energy to power the pump, eliminating the need for extensive infrastructure. The research encompasses site survey and mapping, analysis and design, installation, benefits beyond irrigation, and technical measurements. The implementation shows promising results in overcoming water scarcity issues. The system's advantages include minimal maintenance, cost savings, and enhanced reliability.

Additionally, the SPSWP system serves as an educational site for renewable energy study and awareness. Performance metrics are measured and discussed, including solar irradiance, voltage, current, solar panel temperature, and water discharge. The results indicate fluctuating solar energy availability, with voltage and current aligning with solar panel specifications. The system demonstrates a water discharge rate of 0.56 liters/second, showcasing promising outcomes in addressing water scarcity challenges for agricultural irrigation. Further research and monitoring are required to assess the long-term performance and sustainability of the system.
Integrating Green Economy Concepts to Support the Achievement of SDGs Tenganan Dauh Tukad Village, Manggis District, Karangasem Regency
Authors: JAYAWARSA A. A. Ketut , NARINDRA A. A. Ngurah Mayun , SAPUTRA Komang Adi Kurniawan
Published: December 2024

The implementation of the Green Economy in MSMEs in Karangasem, Bali, highlights dedication to sustainable development and environmental preservation. Many MSMEs in the region adhere to environmentally friendly practices, such as the use of sustainable materials and technology. In the tourism sector, for example, the business world focuses on environmentally friendly tourism with effective waste management and the use of renewable energy. Likewise, agricultural MSMEs are turning to organic methods to minimize the use of harmful chemicals. Government training and mentoring programs support these environmentally friendly practices. In Tenganan Village, the Ata craftsmen group exemplifies this approach. Known for their expertise with the roots of the Ata plant, the artisans uphold traditional methods while adapting to modern trends. Although the production process is environmentally friendly, the Ata tree trunks used as raw materials cannot be cultivated, and greater awareness of Green Economy principles is needed among partners.The service team is committed to educating these craftsmen about Green Economy practices to increase productivity and economic sustainability. In addition, although craftsmen currently use simple ledgers for financial recording, they lack detailed cost accounting for raw materials and operations. Introducing financial reporting that is aligned with Green Economy principles will improve accountability and financial management. With the existence of 15 independent Ata craft groups in Tenganan Village, the establishment of an integrated supervisory body can further support the integration of Green Economy practices and overall business efficiency.
Application of Science and Technology in Waste Management, Digital Marketing-Branding Strategies, and Accounting Systems for Environmentally Friendly Fertilisers and Recycled Products
Authors: IMANINGSIH Erna Sofriana , SUPRIHATININGSIH Wiwit , SETIYAWATI Hari , PUTRA Rangga Aji , SALMAN Kina Bahru , ARIYANTO Satrio Muhammad
Published: December 2024

This PKM was carried out by the UMB team in partnership with the Nurul Yaqin Recitation Group, Parigi Baru Village, Pondok Aren District, South Tangerang, and was funded by DRTPM DIKTI through the PPM Grant Program for the 2024 fiscal year scheme. The Nurul Yaqin Recitation Group has 19 members; apart from being homemakers, they also have informal workers and small home industry businesses. This recitation group carries out its routine activities, namely conducting religious studies under the care of the DKM Masjid Baitul Mukminin. It is active in various community activities and can mobilize other community members through activities. Therefore, they have the potential to be pioneers among grassroots communities to change people's lifestyles for the better through the green movement in their area. The problems experienced by partners are: 1) the accumulation of organic and inorganic waste in the area around their residence has not been appropriately managed, 2) There is no utilization of business opportunities for compost and recycled crafts, 3) There is no accounting application system to record transactions and financial reporting from the production of liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer and the recycling of inorganic waste. The solutions offered are: 1) Provide training and counseling related to processing organic and inorganic waste into valuable products 2) Provide training related to digital marketing strategies 3) Provide training related to recording transactions and financial reporting through accounting software applications.