bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling the Extragalactic Background Light and the Cosmic Star Formation History
Authors: Finke Justin D. , Ajello Marco , Domínguez Alberto , Desai Abhishek , Hartmann Dieter H. , Paliya Vaidehi S. , Saldana-Lopez Alberto
Published: December 2022

We present an updated model for the extragalactic background light (EBL) from stars and dust, over wavelengths ≈0.1–1000 μm. This model uses accurate theoretical stellar spectra, and tracks the evolution of star formation, stellar mass density, metallicity, and interstellar dust extinction and emission in the universe with redshift. Dust emission components are treated self-consistently, with stellar light absorbed by dust reradiated in the infrared as three blackbody components. We fit our model, with free parameters associated with star formation rate and dust extinction and emission, to a wide variety of data: luminosity density, stellar mass density, and dust extinction data from galaxy surveys; and γ-ray absorption optical depth data from γ-ray telescopes. Our results strongly constraint the star formation rate density and dust photon escape fraction of the universe out to redshift z = 10, about 90% of the history of the universe. We find our model result is, in some cases, below lower limits on the z = 0 EBL intensity, and below some low-z
γ-ray absorption measurements.
Survey of Ices toward Massive Young Stellar Objects. I. OCS, CO, OCN−, and CH3OH
Authors: Boogert A. C. A. , Brewer K. , Brittain A. , Emerson K. S.
Published: December 2022

An important tracer of the origin and evolution of cometary ices is the comparison with ices found in dense clouds and toward young stellar objects (YSOs). We present a survey of ices in the 2–5 μm spectra of 23 massive YSOs, taken with the NASA InfraRed Telescope Facility SpeX spectrometer. The 4.90 μm absorption band of OCS ice is detected in 20 sight lines, more than 5 times the previously known detections. The absorption profile shows little variation and is consistent with OCS embedded in CH3OH-rich ices, and proton-irradiated H2S or SO2-containing ices. The OCS column densities correlate well with those of CH3OH and OCN−, but not with H2O and apolar CO ice. This association of OCS with CH3OH and OCN− firmly establishes their formation location deep inside dense clouds or protostellar envelopes. The median composition of this ice phase toward massive YSOs, as a percentage of H2O, is CO:CH3OH:OCN−:OCS = 24:20:1.53:0.15. CS, due to its low abundance, is likely not the main precursor to OCS. Sulfurization of CO is likely needed, although the source of this sulfur is not well constrained. Compared to massive YSOs, low-mass YSOs and dense clouds have similar or somewhat lower CO and CH3OH ice abundances, but less OCN− and more apolar CO, while OCS awaits detection. Comets tend to be underabundant in carbon-bearing species, but this does not appear to be the case for OCS, perhaps signalling OCS production in protoplanetary disks.
Quasiperiodic Erupters: A Stellar Mass-transfer Model for the Radiation
Authors: Krolik Julian H. , Linial Itai
Published: December 2022

Quasiperiodic erupters are a remarkable class of objects exhibiting very-large-amplitude quasiperiodic X-ray flares. Although numerous dynamical models have been proposed to explain them, relatively little attention has been given to using the properties of their radiation to constrain their dynamics. Here we show that the observed luminosity, spectrum, repetition period, duty cycle, and fluctuations in the latter two quantities point toward a model in which a main-sequence star on a moderately eccentric orbit around a supermassive black hole periodically transfers mass to the Roche lobe of the black hole; orbital dynamics lead to mildly relativistic shocks near the black hole; and thermal X-rays at the observed temperature are emitted by the gas as it flows away from the shock. Strong X-ray irradiation of the star by the flare itself augments the mass transfer, creates fluctuations in flare timing, and stirs turbulence in the stellar atmosphere that amplifies the magnetic field to a level at which magnetic stresses can accelerate infall of the transferred mass toward the black hole.
The Double White Dwarf Merger Progenitors of SDSS J2211+1136 and ZTF J1901+1458
Authors: Sousa M. F. , Coelho J. G. , de Araujo J. C. N. , Kepler S. O. , Rueda J. A.
Published: December 2022

Double white dwarf (DWD) mergers are possibly the leading formation channel of massive, rapidly rotating, high-field magnetic white dwarfs (HFMWDs). However, a direct link connecting a DWD merger to any observed HFMWD is still missing. We here show that the HFMWDs SDSS J221141.80+113604.4 (hereafter J2211+1136) and ZTF J190132.9+145808.7 (hereafter J1901+1458) might be DWD merger products. J2211+1136 is a 1.27 M
⊙ white dwarf (WD) with a rotation period of 70.32 s and a surface magnetic field of 15 MG. J1901+1458 is a 1.327–1.365 M
⊙ WD with a rotation period of 416.20 s, and a surface magnetic field in the range 600–900 MG. With the assumption of single-star evolution and the currently measured WD masses and surface temperatures, the cooling ages of J2211+1136 and J1901+1458 are, respectively, 2.61–2.85 Gyr and 10–100 Myr. We hypothesize that these WDs are DWD merger products and compute the evolution of the postmerged configuration formed by a central WD surrounded by a disk. We show that the postmerger system evolves through three phases depending on whether accretion, mass ejection (propeller), or magnetic braking dominates the torque onto the central WD. We calculate the time the WD spends in each of these phases and obtain the accretion rate and disk mass for which the WD rotational age, i.e., the total time elapsed since the merger to the instant where the WD central remnant reaches the current measured rotation period, agrees with the estimated WD cooling age. We infer the mass values of the primary and secondary WD components of the DWD merger that lead to a postmerger evolution consistent with the observations.
Detection of the Irregular Shape of the Southern Limb of Menoetius from Observations of the 2017–2018 Patroclus–Menoetius Mutual Events
Authors: Pinilla-Alonso Noemí , Popescu Marcel , Licandro Javier , Fernández-Valenzuela Estela , Grundy Will M. , Duffard Rene , Cabrera-Lavers Antonio , Soto Diego Hidalgo , Rizos Juan Luis , Morate David
Published: December 2022

This work presents the analysis of seven mutual events of the Patroclus–Menoetius system (PMS) observed during the last season of mutual events, in 2017–2018. We compare the obtained light curves with those predicted using Grundy et al. and discuss the differences in the timing of the events and the drop of magnitude. Based on models of these observations, we present a collection of orbital parameters that provide the best fit for the observed events and compare the new solutions for the orbit of the system with solutions provided in the literature. Furthermore, we also discuss an interesting finding in the light curve of the only superior event in our collection. This light curve (the one with the best signal-to-noise ratio in our data set) shows the imprint of a possible crater in the south pole of Menoetius as deep as a fourth of its radius.
Après la régénération. Retour sur une figure urbaine : les festival marketplaces
Authors: Guinand Sandra
Published: December 2022

Les projets de régénération ont fait l’objet de nombreuses études. Cependant, peu de travaux se sont jusqu’à présent attachés à analyser ce que les projets de régénération sont devenus plus de quarante ans après leur conception, à porter un regard rétrospectif, à observer sur un temps long leur évolution et l’importance de ces derniers dans le champ du développement urbain. Dans cet article, je m’attelle à cet exercice, à partir de l’exemple du festival marketplace de Baltimore. Je soumets l’hypothèse du festival marketplace comme étant précurseur des programmes de régénération urbaine. L’étude de cet objet sur un temps long est intéressante pour les études urbaines, particulièrement l’urbanisme et la géographie urbaine. En effet, elle permet d’apporter des éléments de compréhension quant à la genèse de ces projets et d’expliquer comment certains d’entre eux sont devenus des figures du développement urbain. Elle montre également comment leur développement a donné lieu à des outils et orientations urbaines encore en place aujourd’hui.
« Parce que l’environnement ne peut pas faire la différence entre le forage commercial et le forage scientifique » : l’exemple du Kongsfjorden au Svalbard pour poser la question du surpâturage du terrain de recherche
Authors: Strouk Mayline
Published: December 2022

La recherche sur les changements environnementaux participe-t-elle, elle-même, à ce qu’elle dénonce ? À travers la notion de surpâturage , cet article cherche à questionner les impacts de la science sur le terrain de recherche, en particulier sur les territoires qui attirent une forte concentration de chercheurs. Les sciences sociales se sont déjà emparées de la problématique de la surétude de certains terrains de recherche, mais celle-ci reste encore marginale dans les sciences environnementales. En s’inscrivant dans le champ de la géographie des sciences, qui étudie la recherche scientifique comme un fait social spatialisé, cet article explore la notion de surpâturage en l’appliquant au cas du Kongsfjorden dans l’archipel arctique du Svalbard. L’exemple du Kongsfjorden permet de comprendre comment se construit l’attractivité d’un territoire pour la recherche scientifique et invite à questionner le rapport au terrain des chercheurs.
A new Herodianic treatise on dichrona and a new fragment of Hipponax
Authors: Pontani Filippomaria
Published: December 2022

Cet article propose l’ editio princeps (avec apparat critique et apparat des sources) d’un traité grammatical grec portant sur la quantité des voyelles ancipites ou dichrona  (α, ι, υ): le texte n’est transmis que par un seul manuscrit datant du xiv e  siècle ( Par. gr. 2646). Sa paternité demeure incertaine, mais la plupart des doctrines qu’il présente montrent des affinités frappantes avec celles du grand Hérodien ( ii e  siècle ap. J.-C.). L’introduction esquisse le contexte qu’on peut envisager pour ce texte si remarquable, et envisage ses rapports avec les quelques autres traités Peri dichronon qui nous sont parvenus. Sont également étudiées les citations littéraires transmises par ce traité : la plus importante est un nouveau fragment (de deux mots) du poète lyrique Hipponax.
The Construction and Optimization of an AI Education Evaluation Indicator Based on Intelligent Algorithms
Authors: Zeng Yu , Xu Xing
Published: December 2022

The basic tool in the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is the complete judgment matrix. To address the weakness of the AHP in determining weight in the comprehensive evaluation system, the particle swarm optimization (PSO)-AHP model proposed in this paper is based on the PSO in the meta-heuristic algorithm. The model was used to solve the indicator weights in the evaluation system of AI education in primary and secondary schools in Fujian Province and was compared with the genetic algorithm and war strategy optimization algorithm. From the comparison results, the PSO-AHP optimization is more effective among the three algorithms, and the indicator consistency can be improved by about 30%. They are both effective in solving the problem that once the judgment matrix is given in the AHP, the weights and indicator consistency cannot be improved. Finally, the results were tested by Friedman statistics to prove the viability of the proposed algorithm.
A Machine Learning Technique for Rice Blast Disease Severity Prediction Using K-Means SMOTE Class Balancing
Authors: Varsha M.  , Poornima B.  , Kumar Pavan
Published: December 2022

Rice blast disease is strongly dependent on environmental and climate factors. This paper demonstrates the integration of a rice blast disease severity prediction model based on climate factors, providing a decision-support framework for farmers to overcome these problems. The major contribution of the proposed study is to predict the severity of rice blast disease using the linear SVM model. Prediction of rice blast disease severity is divided into four classes: 0, 1, 2, and 3. Data imbalance is the most challenging problem in multi-class classification. This study has efficiently handled imbalanced data using k-means SMOTE and SMOTE oversampling techniques to balance training and testing data. Finally, cross-location and cross-year models are developed using a linear support vector machine and predict the severity of rice blast disease to the classes 0, 1, 2, 3, respectively. Cross-year and cross-location models are cross-validated using five-fold cross-validation.
Caudal Morphine in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Das Sushree , Acharya Ranjita , Patro Madhusmita , Moda Nupur , Mounika Gunde
Published: December 2022

Background:

One of the most feared symptoms of any disease is PAIN. It is a complex phenomenal experience, especially in children. Various methods and medications have been administered through different routes. Regional anesthesia produces marvelous postoperative analgesia and cessation of stress response in infants and children. Caudal epidural analgesia is the most acceptable and popular method of providing intra- and postoperative analgesia for abdominal, perineal, and lower limb surgeries in children. The use of preservative-free morphine as an adjunct to ropivacaine increases the quality and duration of analgesia despite the various side effects. Various articles use various doses of morphine as an adjuvant in caudal epidural analgesia. Hence, we conducted the study to compare the two dosages of morphine that is 20 μg.kg−1 and 30 μg.kg−1 of caudal epidural morphine for infraumblical surgeries with regard to its efficacy and safety and side effect profiles.

Materials and Methods:

The study is a prospective, randomized, double-blinded study. Sixty patients were divided into two groups. Group A: 20 μg.kg−1 of morphine was added to 0.2% ropivacaine 1 mL.kg−1 and the solution was made. Group B: 30 μg.kg−1 of morphine was added to 1 mL.kg−1 of 0.2% ropivacaine. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, SPO2, pain score, and sedation score were recorded immediately, after 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, 16 h, 18 h, and 24 h were recorded.

Results:

The mean duration of analgesia is similar in both groups (P = 0.011). The mean duration was 20.517 ± 1.9143 h in Group A and 22.233 ± 1.6853 h in Group B. Children with the requirement of one dose of rescue analgesia in Group A was 83.3% which was higher than Group B being 66.7%. Children with no analgesic requirement were 16.7% in Group A and 33.3% in Group B. The incidence of side effects was more in Group B (8 [26.7%] children with nausea and vomiting; 1 [3.3%] children with urinary retention) than in Group A (2 [6.6%] children with nausea and vomiting.

Conclusion:

From the above observations, it can be concluded that morphine of less dosage (20 μg.kg−1) when added to 0.2% ropivacaine for the caudal epidural block has better efficacy than morphine of higher dosage (30 μg.kg−1) as the duration of analgesia is similar with decreased incidence of side effects.
A Single-Level Epidural Blood Patch for Multiple Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks
Authors: Swain Amlan , Sahu Seelora , Kumari Rashmi , Tripathi Manjul
Published: December 2022

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension caused by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is a rarely encountered cause of persistent postural headaches in the absence of trauma or dural puncture. It presents with postural headache and is characterized by radiological findings of spinal CSF leak. The mainstay of management is an epidural patch with the patient's own blood (epidural blood patch [EBP]) and/or a fibrin glue product. We report here a case of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage presenting with persistent headaches and bilateral subdural hematomas secondary to CSF leaks at multiple levels along the spinal cord, which was successfully managed with a single lumbar EBP.
Reduction in the Rate of Mortality of Moderate to Severe COVID 19 Infected Patients with the use of Remdesivir - A Tertiary Care Hospital-Based Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Lakhanpal Mahima , Sarkar Debpriya , Kumar Ritesh , Yadav Isha
Published: December 2022

Background:

As the waves of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues, the current treatment modalities emphasize the use of antiviral agents to save the human lives. Even though remdesivir is one of the current recommended modalities, data on the efficacy of remdesivir in reducing the rate of 28-day mortality are still not concurrent in all the reports.

Aim:

The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of remdesivir in reducing the rate of mortality in a tertiary care hospital as retrospective comparative analysis.

Setting and Design:

The present study is a retrospective, comparative analysis of accurate and well-documented case files.

Methods:

Data (n = 262) of COVID-19–infected patients admitted and treated with remdesivir (Gp R; n = 160) and without remdesivir (Gp NR: n = 102) between June 1, 2021, and November 30, 2021, were collected and analyzed to obtain the results.

Statistical Analysis:

The data from individual case files were transferred to excel files (Microsoft office, Redmond, WA, USA) and then analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Studies (SPSS, IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). The descriptive statistical values were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and number, frequencies/percentages. Student's t-test, Chi-square test, and ANOVA were employed for comparative statistics. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

On analysis of the extracted data, the age, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-IV score, and predicted mortality rate between two groups have not shown significant difference (P > 0.05, ANOVA) and were comparable (P > 0.05, ANOVA). Furthermore, the 28-day mortality rate was significantly reduced (P < 0/001) in the Gp R where the rate of mortality was found to be 6.87%, whereas in Gp NR, it was 29.41%.

Conclusion:

Treatment with remdesivir was able to significantly increase the rate of survival of the patients and reduction in day-28 mortality when compared with the patients who had undergone treatment without remdesivir. Therefore, the results of the current retrospective, observational analysis from a tertiary care hospital could also be a piece of remarkable information to a significant number of existing data globally.
Effect of Preoperative Duloxetine Hydrochloride on Reducing Postoperative Morphine Requirement after Open Radical Cholecystectomy in Cancer Patients
Authors: Haider Nida , Shukla Aparna , Chaurasia Manoj Kumar , Verma Reetu , Hemlata  , Singh Gyan Prakash
Published: December 2022

Background:

Recently, opoids are linked with cancer recurrence. Duloxetine hydrochloride (DH), an anxiolytic may reduce total opoid requirement after cancer surgery.

Aims:

We assessed the efficacy of a single dose of DH in reducing the total morphine requirement after open radical cholecystectomy. We also calculated the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, patient satisfaction score (PSS), and time taken to the use of the first rescue analgesic.

Setting and Designes:

This is a prospective, randomized, double blind, controlled study conducted in the patients aged 20–70 years (American Society of Anaesthesiologists classes I–III) undergoing open radical cholecystectomy under general anesthesia for carcinoma gall bladder.

Materials and Methods:

The patients were divided into two groups of 32 patients each by computer-generated randomization. Group A received oral DH (60 mg); Group B received identical placebo capsules 2 h before surgery with a sip of water. Postoperatively, intravenous morphine was given using a patient-controlled analgesia pump. After 24 h, total morphine consumption, the VAS score, time to the first rescue analgesia, and PSS were recorded.

Statistical Analysis:

Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS version 22.0, IBM Corp., Chicago, IL, USA 2013). P value < 0.05 or 0.001 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The total morphine consumption and VAS score were significantly lower in Group A. No significant effects was observed on PSS.

Conclusion:

A single 60 mg dose of DH administered 2 h before open radical cholecystectomy reduced total morphine consumption and improved VAS score postoperatively with no effect on PSS.
Associations of waist circumference with sex steroid hormones among 4031 USA children and adolescents
Authors: Wang Zhong-Yuan , Li Bao-Chao , Xing Jia-Jun , Liu Shou-Yong , Zhang Tong-Tong , Xu Ai-Ming , Wang Zeng-Jun
Published: December 2022

In the recent decades, obesity rates among children and adolescents, especially males, have increased significantly. This worldwide phenomenon is thought to significantly affect the levels of sex hormones. However, the association between waist circumference (a marker of abdominal obesity) and sex hormone levels in children and adolescents is unknown. In this study, 4031 participants aged 6–19 years from the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the USA were enrolled in this study. The common confounders of age, race, body mass index, educational level, family income, diabetes, and time of sample collection were also collected. The participants missing any of the above information were excluded from the study. We used multiple linear regression and other multiple statistics to assess the associations between waist circumference and serum testosterone, estradiol, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index (FAI), and testosterone/estradiol ratio (T/E2). Waist circumference remained associated with sex hormone levels in children and adolescents after controlling for covariates. As waist circumference increases, testosterone levels in children and adolescents show an overall decline after a brief increase, with the inflection point for waist circumference of 65–66 cm. In addition, waist circumference positively correlates with estradiol levels in male children (β = 0.007, 95% confidence interval: 0.004–0.009). Moreover, circulating SHBG decreases in children and adolescents as waist circumference increases. In conclusion, this study highlighted waist circumference as a vital indicator affecting sex hormone levels in children and adolescents.
An unusual presentation of perianal Bowen's disease in an immunocompromised patient – Excised and grafted
Authors: Pathave Hari , Warang Omkar , Nayak Chitra
Published: December 2022

Bowen's disease also known as bowenoid keratoses, presents as a clinically persistent, progressive red scaly, or crusted plaque which is due to intraepithelial carcinoma and is potentially malignant. Lesions are typically asymptomatic but may be associated with bleeding. We are reporting perianal Bowen's disease in a 30-year-old married HIV-infected male which is excised and underlying healthy ulcer grafted.
Granuloma inguinale diagnosed on the bedside
Authors: Vendhan D. Senkadhir , Vasudevan Biju , Gera Vinay , Neema Shekhar
Published: December 2022

Donovanosis is a chronic bacterial infection caused by gram-negative bacterium Klebsiella granulomatosis and is characterized by painless beefy red granulomatous ulcer which bleeds on touch and is mostly confined to the endemic regions of the world. It is rarest among the sexually transmitted genital ulcer diseases. We hereby report a case of donovanosis in a non-endemic area who initially presented with a solitary genital ulcer. Initial tests did not reveal any aetiology. However after four days of admission, since no aetiology was coming forth, a repeat tissue smear from the lesion revealed Donovan bodies which helped in the bedside diagnosis and management of the case.
Estimation of Malondialdehyde Levels and Determination of Total Antioxidant Capacity in Serum and Saliva of Patient Affected with Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: Bahal Megha , Nyamati Sanjay , Hegde Shweta , Kakkar Abhinav , Sood Idha , Kalra Salona
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Hemoglobinopathy is an inherited blood disorder in which an individual has an abnormal form of hemoglobin (variant) or decreased production of hemoglobin. The molecular pathogenesis of sickle cell disease explains the phenomenon well when there is adeficiency of oxygen carriage by the erythrocytes. The horrendous patterns of sickling/unsickling bring about the accumulation of lipid oxidation items and reactive oxygen speciesthat gather inside sickle-shaped red blood cells (RBCs).

Aims:

To estimate the malondialdehyde levels and determine the total antioxidant capacity in serum and saliva of sickle cell anemic patients.

Methods and Material:

Fiftysubjects aged 5–40 years were selected for the study. The subjects were divided into two groups. Blood and saliva samples were collected from both groups and were subjected to the phosphomolybdenum method. Absorbance was read spectrophotometrically at 695 nm. SPSS software was used, and statistical analysis was performed using Student's unpaired ttests.

Results:

Oxidative stress results f an imbalance between reactive oxygen species formation and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants.

Conclusion:

Salivary levels of total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, and electrolytes make saliva a potential prognostic and diagnostic medium as there is an alteration of oxidative stress in sickle cell anemia (SCA).
Novel Classification System Based on Mental Attitude for Patients with Oral Leukoplakia
Authors: Sachdev Sanpreet S. , Chettiankandy Tabita J. , Kadam Sonali , Nimma Vijayalaxmi
Published: December 2022

The patient's mental attitude is crucial in accepting the condition and compliance with tobacco cessation counseling. Even so, it was not considered a contributory factor in any of the earlier risk assessment systems. In this context, we have proposed a classification system to categorize patients with leukoplakia based on their mental attitude about understanding the risk associated with the disease and their motivation toward tobacco cessation.
Prevalence of Haller Cell and Accessory Maxillary Ostium
Authors: Mahapatra Subharina , Hebbale Manjula , Tepan Meenal , Halli Rajshekhar , Singh Simran , Modak Rakhee
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Haller cell and accessory maxillary ostium (AMO) do not represent a diseased state, but they can be responsible for the development of maxillary sinusitis.

Aim and Objectives:

The study aimed to evaluate the frequency and volumetry of Haller cell and the prevalence of AMO on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:

The two hundred CBCT scans of patients (400 bilateral maxillary sinus region) were evaluated for the presence of Haller cell, and AMO coronal, axial, and sagittal plane was inspected; then, volumetric measurement was carried out at the maximum mediolateral dimension. Based on the size, two observers arbitrarily categorized the Haller cell into small, medium, and large. Finally, descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were done.

Results:

Fifty-six Haller cell were identified with a prevalence of 28%, of which 20% were unilateral, and 8% were bilateral. Small-sized Haller cell was seen in 11%, medium-sized was seen in 13%, and large sized was seen in 4%. AMO was present unilaterally in 5% of the studied scans.

Conclusion:

Knowledge of Haller cell and accessory maxillary ostium may aid in interpreting CBCT, which may also forewarn surgeons before surgeries.
Association of Vitamin D Serum Concentration and Oral Lichen Planus
Authors: Pawar Vinaya R. , Krishna Sowmya , Deepak T. A. , Prarthana G. A. , Vyavahare Supriya , Jujare Rashmi D.
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Vitamin D plays a crucial role in regulating immunity by reducing the multiplication of helper T cells, activating regulatory T cells, and inhibiting the release of immunoglobulins. Vitamin D levels must be measured in a disease mediated by the immune system, such as oral lichen planus (OLP).

Aim:

This study aimed to identify the potential association between vitamin D serum levels and OLP.

Material and Methods:

A randomized case-control study was conducted with 50 volunteers divided into two groups: 20 case subjects and 30 controls. 2.5 ml of venous blood was extracted from the median cubital vein of both patients and controls. The total quantity of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was determined by an electrochemiluminescence binding assay.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The independent student's t-test was performed to compare the serum vitamin D levels between the two groups.

Results:

The mean vitamin D values in OLP patients and healthy controls were 15.11 and 26.10 ng/ml, respectively. In OLP cases, vitamin D3 deficiency was more prevalent than in control subjects. These distinctions were statistically significant (P-value < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Vitamin D levels might portray a significant factor in the aetiopathogenesis of OLP and could influence the disease's course and prognosis.
Soft Tissue Calcifications in the Head and Neck Region
Authors: Vardhan B. G. Harsha , Gopal K. Saraswathi , Ganesh M. Ragu , Nagammai N , Siddique Abubakker
Published: December 2022

Background:

Soft tissue calcifications are most commonly seen in two-dimensional radiographs. Some may be physiological, and some may be pathological and need treatment. CBCT images provide valuable information about anatomic structures and pathologies. These soft tissue calcifications can be seen clearly in CBCT without superimposition and can be diagnosed appropriately.

Aim and Objectives:

This study aimed to assess the type and prevalence of calcifications found in CBCT volumes obtained for various diagnostic purposes. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of soft tissue and to find their anatomic location, size, and type as well as their relation to age and gender.

Materials and Method:

Three hundred full-skull CBCT volumes were retrieved retrospectively from the age-group of 9–75 yrs and were evaluated for calcifications. The study sample included CBCT volumes taken for all diagnostic purposes, and those which contained artifacts were excluded.

Results:

Of 300 CBCT volumes, 133 were females, and 167 were males. Among them, 446 calcifications were encountered in 177 individuals. Their distribution was pineal gland calcification (24.8%), tonsillolith (18%), choroid plexus calcification (24%), pulp stone (12.4%), calcified stylohyoid chain (8%), sialolith (4%), triticeous cartilage calcification (2%), phlebolith (3%), and extracranial carotid artery calcification (1%).

Conclusion:

Although most of the calcifications are asymptomatic and require no treatment, correct identification of these findings will reduce further diagnostic assessment and provide more appropriate treatment plans. It will also provide the ability to evaluate underlying diseases comprehensively, and practitioners will have life-saving information by early diagnosis.
Dysgeusia
Authors: Anto Anlin , Ashir KR , Ummer Niyas , Ahsan Auswaf
Published: December 2022

Bitter taste dysgeusia is a rare symptom where patients experience all foods as bitter. While its cause is still unknown, it has been increasingly reported in infections. The altered taste sensation associated with herpes zoster infection is not uncommon. However, it is rare in primary varicella infections. In this case report, we present what we believe to be the first case of bitter taste dysgeusia presenting as a prodromal symptom in primary varicella zoster infection.
Prevalence of Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers (RAUs) in the Population of Ludhiana
Authors: Isher Damanpreet K. , Behl Ashima B. , Singh Amanpreet , Isher Parminder P. S. , Kaur Gursimran , Kaur Harleen
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU) is one of the most common oral mucosal disorders characterized by recurrent and painful ulcerations on movable or nonkeratinized oral mucosa. It affects approximately 20% of the general population. These present as recurrent, multiple, small, round, or ovoid ulcers with circumscribed margins, having yellow or gray floors, surrounded by erythematous halos.

Aims and Objectives:

To compare the prevalence and occurrence of RAU among the age group from 20 to 80 years. To compare the prevalence and occurrence among the gender. To correlate the causes of the recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). To check for tobacco and its role in the occurrence of RAS.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted, and a total of 600 questionnaire forms were distributed and filled by students (undergraduates and postgraduates), staff, skilled workers, and patients reporting to the department over a period of 3 years.

Results and Discussions:

In total, 71.1% had experienced oral aphthous ulcerations. When both the genders were compared, RAS more commonly affected females (60.33%) than males (39.67%). The regression coefficient for gender revealed that females were more prone to RAS than males.

Conclusion:

Understanding the prevalence and distribution of recurrent aphthous ulceration among the population of Ludhiana gives an indication of the section of people who suffer from the condition. Based on the results of our study, females were more commonly affected than males, and the second- and third-decades age groups were affected.
Role of red-blood-cell distribution width as the predictor of severity and mortality of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Fawzy Mona S. , Aboelnasr Mohamed S. , Raouf Yasser M.A. , Albendary Aml S.
Published: December 2022

Background

In the USA, acute pancreatitis (AP) was the third most prevalent gastrointestinal disease and it is the commonest pancreatic disease worldwide. It is critical to identify individuals at a higher risk of developing severe AP early to improve their prognosis. Several scoring systems to assess the severity of AP (e.g. Ranson’s criteria and acute physiologic assessment and chronic health-evaluation II) were developed.

Aim

The goal of this study was to see whether red-cell distribution width (RDW) could be used to predict the severity and mortality of AP.

Patients and methods

This prospective observational study included 50 patients admitted at Tanta University Emergency Hospital with AP. During the study, 46 patients survived, while four patients died, 31 patients discharged without complications, and 15 patients had complications.

Results

RDW had a significant relationship with complications of AP (P=0.005), also, RDW had a strong relationship to mortality (P=0.049). RDW had a sensitivity of 61.11% and a specificity of 84.37% in predicting complications. While RDW had a sensitivity and specificity of 75.0 and 95.65%, respectively, in predicting mortality. We also found that Ranson’s criteria had a significant relationship with complications and mortality of AP (P=0.024). The sensitivity and specificity of Ranson’s criteria to predict complications was 72.22 and 62.50%, respectively. While the sensitivity and specificity of Ranson’s criteria to predict mortality was 75.0 and 71.74%, respectively.

Conclusion

RDW seems to be a good test used to determine the severity of AP.
The potential role of platelet-rich plasma and colchicine in experimentally induced muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury of adult male albino rats
Authors: Amara Amira B.M. , Mahdy Amal A.E.-K. , El-Bermawy Manal I. , Sattar Amal M.A.
Published: December 2022

Background

Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in skeletal muscles is a pathophysiology that affects quality of life. The role of growth factors in the healing process encouraged the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP).

Aim

This work aimed to evaluate the effect of PRP and colchicine in experimentally induced muscle IRI in rats.

Materials and methods

A total of 90 adult male rats were used in this study. Ten rats were used for blood collection to prepare PRP, and 80 rats were divided into four equal groups: group 1: control, group 2: gastrocnemius muscles of their right limbs were subjected to IRI and were left without treatment; group 3: gastrocnemius muscles were subjected to IRI as group 2 and immediately treated by intramuscular PRP; and group 4: colchicine was injected intraperitoneally immediately before IRI. Muscle specimens were taken from the control group and after 2 h and 7 days in the experimental groups for histological and immunohistochemical staining to detect antimyogenin and anti-CD34. The data were analyzed statistically.

Results

In the current study, group 2 showed disturbed normal histological architecture of skeletal muscles. PRP-treated group revealed early formation of many myotubes on the seventh day after injury and reduction of fibrosis. It showed significant increase in the number of centrally nucleated fibers, satellite cells, and new blood vessel formation. The colchicine group exhibited reduced muscle damage when compared with the IRI group.

Conclusions

PRP enhances tissue healing via myogenesis, neovascularization, and reduction of fibrosis. Colchicine attenuates IRI via its anti-inflammatory effects.
Postoperative analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block versus lumbar epidural following lower abdominal surgeries
Authors: Sheta Mohammad M.K. , Omara Amany F. , Ali Ahmed E.-E.M. , Okab Mohammad I.
Published: December 2022

Background

Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block represents a rapidly expanding technique. It was reported to significantly reduce pain with lower abdominal surgery. Epidural analgesia is a popular analgesic technique for abdominal operation, with great efficiency and safety.

Aim

The aim was to evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided TAP block versus lumbar epidural after lower abdominal surgery analgesia. The primary outcome was to evaluate which technique is more effective regarding postoperative analgesia, and the secondary outcome was to evaluate the amount of rescue analgesia used in both groups.

Patients and methods

The study was carried out on 70 patients scheduled for a lower abdominal surgery randomly divided into TAP block group and epidural group (35 patients each) and measurement of visual analog score and amount of rescue analgesia used in both groups.

Results

Visual analog score was significantly lower at 6, 12, 18, and 24 h in the TAP block group in contrast to epidural group, with insignificant difference at postanesthetic care unit and 2 and 4 h between both groups. There was a delayed first analgesic requirement in the TAP block group in contrast to the epidural group, with decrease in the total dose of rescue analgesia in the TAP block group than the epidural group.

Conclusion

TAP block presents greater effectivity than lumbar epidural block in curing postoperative aches in patients having lower abdominal surgeries regarding pain intensity, time of first analgesic necessity, and total dose of rescue analgesia.
A review on traditional uses and pharmacological action of psidium guajava linn plant
Authors: R Bharathi D , Marati Kiran Kumar , C Mahesh , V Ajay B , V Meera , M Rupesh Kumar , B Ramesh
Published: December 2022

Traditional medicines cure cancer, inflammation, and other illnesses using the leaves of Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae). The hypoglycemic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects of guava are well established. Triterpenoids, sesquiterpenes, and flavonoids were investigated in this study as possible targets of guava leaf components. The goal of the current review is to raise awareness among the general public about this substance's enormous potential for both preventing and treating a number of prevalent ailments.
Duas propostas para a aprendizagem em Estatística
Authors: Magalhães Marcos Nascimento
Published: December 2022

A epidemia de COVID-19 trouxe impactos importantes em todas as áreas. Na área educacional, as desigualdades no acesso à tecnologia produziram efeitos diferenciados no desenvolvimento dos estudantes. Por outro lado, a ampla divulgação de gráficos e medidas estatísticas durante a pandemia é uma oportunidade a ser explorada no ensino de Estatística. Neste artigo, discutimos duas propostas que podem ser utilizadas em diferentes níveis escolares, mesmo em ambientes com dificuldades de acesso à tecnologia. Uma delas é o uso de atividades (tipo papel e lápis) como preliminar de experimentos computacionais. A outra proposta é a Roda de Conversa com respostas de itens conceituais de Estatística em grupos e, depois, uma roda de discussão geral. Essas propostas propiciam participação ativa dos estudantes, com reflexos importantes na aprendizagem, uma vez que ambas estão apoiadas em bases teórico-metodológicas que possibilitam a criação de contextos coletivos de discussão dos estudantes.
Analisis Peran Kepala Desa Dalam Perencanaan Pembangunan Di Desa Nen Bura
Authors: Amandus Mikelson
Published: December 2022

The progress of a village cannot be separated from the role of the village head and his community through local government and central government programs aimed at advancing the village for the benefit of the community and the village itself. This research aims to determine the role of the village head in development planning in Nen Bura village. This study utilizes qualitative research methods. The results of this study indicate that in general the role of the Village Head in government affairs, the development planning process in Nen Bura Village is running quite well even though it has not yet achieved optimal results. Optimizing the role of the Village Head in the village development planning process is very much needed in order to be able to realize unfinished development
Vêtements et insignes des agents cultuels dans les cités grecques : une esquisse
Authors: GEORGOUDI Stella
Published: December 2022

Résumé L’article propose quelques réflexions sur l’habillage et les insignes du personnel cultuel dans les cités grecques, en mettant surtout l’accent sur les règles vestimentaires concernant les prêtres et les prêtresses. Il ne vise pas à une synthèse “encyclopédique” de ce sujet, mais à l’examen de certains thèmes qui, par le biais des habits, des attributs ou, plus généralement, de la parure des agents de culte, permettent de s’interroger principalement sur deux aspects : les relations qui se créent, voire la connivence qui s’établit parfois entre la puissance divine et ses serviteurs ; et, surtout, les éventuelles différences ou similitudes de la tenue “réglementaire” de ces hommes et femmes qui côtoient le divin. Abstract Title: Clothes and the insignia of the cultic agents in Greek cities : a sketch The paper offers some reflections on the dress-code and insignia of the cult personnel in Greek cities, emphasizing especially the regulations about the clothing of priests and priestesses. It does not aim at an “encyclopedic” synthesis of this subject, but at the examination of certain themes which, from the angle of the costumes, the attributes or, more generally, of the finery of the cult agents, allow us to question mainly on two aspects: the relationships, even the connivance established between the divinity and its servants; and, above all, the potential differences or similarities in the “regulatory” attire of these men and women who keep close to divine.
EVALUASI BAHAYA DAN ANALISIS RESIKO KECELAKAAN KERJA PADA BOILER DI PABRIK GULA CAMMING MENGGUNAKAN METODE JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS DAN TEKNIK ANALISIS SEMI KUANTITATIF
Authors: Idrus Ilham , Haslinah Andi , Saputra Akbar , Amriani Fitri Ayu
Published: December 2022

Dalam sebuah perusahaan penerapan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja merupakan hal yang wajib diterapkan K3 sebagai tolak ukur bahwa perusahaan itu layak untuk melaksanakan produksi secara aman. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi dan menganalisa resiko kecelakaan kerja guna mengurangi resiko terjadinya kecelakaan kerja. Maka dari itu, untuk mengetahui resiko kecelakaan kerja, digunakan metode JSA (Job Safety Analysis) dimana tahapannya adalah pemilihan pekerjaan yang akan dianalisis, pembagian kerja berdasarkan proses yang berurutan, menentukan tindakan perbaikan, mengkomsumsikan informasi pada yang lain, follow-up dan review Job Safety Analysis. Ditemukan bahwa dari hasil wawancara karyawan masih banyak pekerja yang tidak peduli dengan APD (alat pelindung diri), kurangnya papan himbauan dan belum adanya divisi yang menangani K3. Dan dari analisis  Job Safety Analysis  akan ketahuan tingkat risiko dari nilai-nilai hasil perhitungan risk assessment, bahwa ada 7 risiko yang ditemukan, kemudian dari Dari hasil penilaian risiko maka usulan pengendalian risiko dibuat berdasarkan jenis risiko yang ada yaitu memasang warning sign disetiap area kerja, menggunakan APD lengkap yang sesuai dengan standar industry seperti masker, helm, sepatu keselamatan, earplug, pakaian anti api, sabuk keselamatan, sarung tangan, serta pada operasional boiler yaitu mengganti control valve dan alat ukur level drum (gelas penduga) otomatis.
SISTEM INFORMASI PELAYANAN BEASISWA BERBASIS WEB PADA BIDANG KEMAHASISWAAN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM MAKASSAR
Authors: Baco Syarifuddin , Syarifuddin Rizal , Ismayanti Dinda , Rahmayanti Titi
Published: December 2022

Pelayanan beasiswa pada bidang kemahasiswaan Universitas masih dilakukan secara manual. Penelitian ini bertujuan agar dapat menghasilakan sistem informasi pelayanan beasiswa berbasis web, serta mengetahui hasil pengujian dan implementasi sistem informasi pelayanan beasiswa berbasis web. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu diagram konteks dan use case dengan tahapan perancangan sistem dengan menggunakan frameword laravel sebagai interface sistem, php sebagai bahasa pemrograman dan menggunakan mysql untuk database. Hasil dari perancangan sistem informasi pelayanan beasiswa berbasis web yaitu pada halaman user dapat melihat tampilan halaman utama, profil, melakukan upload berkas dan pengumuman. Adapun untuk admin dapat mengubah data yang ada pada halaman utama, jenis beasiswa, melakukan verifikasi akun dan verifikasi berkas serta menampilkan record mahasiswa. Dapat disimpulakan bahwa sistem informasi pelayanan beasiswa berbasis web ini dapat meningkatkan pelayanan beasiswa kepada mahasiswa dan memudakan staff bidang kemahasiswaan dalam mengelolah data beasiswa serta sistem ini sesui dengan konsep sistem informasi dan menu yang ada pada website berfungsi dengan baik yaitu memberikan informasi dan melakukan pelayanan.
RANCANG BANGUN ROBOT CERDAS PEMADAM API MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK NAVIGASI WALL FOLLOWER BERBASIS ARDUINO
Authors: M Saripuddin , Kamal Kamal , Rizal Muhammad , Syani Ahmad
Published: December 2022

Kebakaran merupakan suatu bencana malapetaka atau musibah yang ditimbulkan oleh api yang tidak diharapkan/tidak dibutuhkan sukar dikuasai dan merugikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang robot wall follower berbasis arduino yang dapat mencari dan memadamkan api yang terdeksi, serta untuk mengintregrasikan sejumlah komponen eletrik, eletronik dan program untuk menunjang fungsi robot berbasis arduino. Adapun Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen (experiment), Dalam metode eksperimen ini dilakukan manipulasi dengan cara mengimplementasikan kecerdasan buatan ke dalam sebuah alat sehingga alat tersebut mampu melakukan pekerjaan selayaknya manusia. Hasil penelitian diperoleh berdasarkan perancangan robot pemadam api menggunakan arduino sebagai kontrol sistem, Sensor ultrasonik sebagai navigasi pada robot, flame sensor sebagai pendeteksi cahaya api, sensor TCRT 5000 sebagai pendeteksi warnah pada sirkuit, dan Respon berupa gerak servo untuk menggerakkan robot dari satu tempat ke tempat lain untuk mendeteksi keberadaan api dan memadamkan api. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa robot pemadam api wall follower ini telah berhasil dirancang dengan mengintregrasikan sejumlah komponen eletrik, eletronik dan program, dan dilengkapi beberapa sensor seperti ultrasonik, flame sensor, dan sensor TCRT 5000  yang saling terintegrasi untuk menunjang fungsi robot berbasis arduino yang dapat mencari dan memadamkan api yang terdeteksi.