bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliability and Accuracy of Angular Measurements on Laser Scanning Created 3D Models of Dry Skulls
Authors: Toneva Diana , Nikolova Silviya , Georgiev Ivan
Published: August 2016

The aim of the study was to assess the accuracy and reliability of skull angles measured on 3D models created by laser scanning. Five skulls were measured through both conventional and digital measuring methods. The 3D models were created using a hand-held laser scanner Creaform VIUscan™. Seven angular characteristics were measured three times by two observers. The intra- and interobserver reliability were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient. The differences between the digital and direct measurements were assessed using the measurement and relative errors. The intraclass correlation coefficients for digitally taken angles indicated almost perfect intra- and interobserver reliability, except for the alveolar profile angle showing moderate interobserver agreement. The overall measurement error based on the differences between digitally and directly measured angles was 0.61° and the relative error was 0.68%.
Osteopontin Promotes Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 through NF-κB Signaling in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Li Yusheng , Jiang Wei , Wang Hua , Deng Zhenhan , Zeng Chao , Tu Min , Li Liangjun , Xiao Wenfeng , Gao Shuguang , Luo Wei , Lei Guanghua
Published: August 2016

Osteopontin (OPN) is associated with the severity and progression of osteoarthritis (OA); however, the mechanism of OPN in the pathogenesis of OA is unknown. In this study, we found that OA patients had higher abundance of OPN and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13). In chondrocytes, we showed that OPN promoted the production of MMP13 and activation of NF-κB pathway by increasing the abundance of p65 and phosphorylated p65 and translocation of p65 protein from cytoplasm to nucleus. Notably, inhibition of NF-κB pathway by inhibitor suppressed the production of MMP13 induced by OPN treatment. In conclusion, OPN induces production of MMP13 through activation of NF-κB pathway.
Papillary Squamotransitional Cell Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Akbar Shomaila Aamir M. , Tunio Mutahir A. , Al-Dandan Sadeq , Salamah Kareema Mohammed Y. , AlAsiri Mushabbab
Published: August 2016

Introduction. Papillary squamotransitional cell carcinoma (PSTCC) is an uncommon histopathological variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix, which occurs in postmenopausal women.Presentation of Case. Herein, we describe a case of a 63-year-old woman who presented with 4-month history of postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. Vaginal examination revealed a fragile lesion of size1×1 cm invading left posterior vaginal fornice and parametrium. Biopsy showed the presence of papillae containing fibrovascular cores lined by multilayered atypical epithelial cells resembling squamous and transitional cell epithelium, confirming the diagnosis of PSTCC of the uterine cervix. After staging work-up she was staged according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system 2009 as FIGO IIB, and she was started on extended field concurrent chemoradiation.Discussion. PSTCC of the uterine cervix is an extremely rare and aggressive entity. PSTCC is often characterized by the presence of papillary structures with prominent fibrovascular cores. PSTCC of the uterine cervix should be differentiated from transitional cell carcinoma, squamous papilloma, papillary adenocarcinoma, and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with papillary features.Conclusion. PSTCC of the uterine cervix is a diagnostic challenge; further studies regarding the mechanism underlying the development of PSCC are warranted.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygenation during DSS-Induced Colitis in BALB/c Mice Include Changes in Gene Expression ofHIF-1α, Proinflammatory Cytokines, and Antioxidative Enzymes
Authors: Novak Sanja , Drenjancevic Ines , Vukovic Rosemary , Kellermayer Zoltán , Cosic Anita , Tolusic Levak Maja , Balogh Péter , Culo Filip , Mihalj Martina
Published: August 2016

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen species have an indispensable role in regulating cell signalling pathways, including transcriptional control via hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α). Hyperbaric oxygenation treatment (HBO2) increases tissue oxygen content and leads to enhanced ROS production. In the present study DSS-induced colitis has been employed in BALB/c mice as an experimental model of gut mucosa inflammation to investigate the effects of HBO2onHIF-1α, antioxidative enzyme, and proinflammatory cytokine genes during the colonic inflammation. Here we report that HBO2significantly reduces severity of DSS-induced colitis, as evidenced by the clinical features, histological assessment, impaired immune cell expansion and mobilization, and reversal ofIL-1β,IL-2, andIL-6gene expression. Gene expression and antioxidative enzyme activity were changed by the HBO2and the inflammatory microenvironment in the gut mucosa. Strong correlation ofHIF-1αmRNA level toGPx1,SOD1, andIL-6mRNA expression suggests involvement ofHIF-1αin transcriptional regulation of these genes during colonic inflammation and HBO2. This is further confirmed by a strong correlation ofHIF-1αwith known target genes VEGF andPGK1. Results demonstrate that HBO2has an anti-inflammatory effect in DSS-induced colitis in mice, and this effect is at least partly dependent on expression ofHIF-1αand antioxidative genes.
The Influence of the MRSP on the Freezing and Evaporation Processes of the Magnesium Sulfate Subtype Salt Lake Brine
Authors: Li Qinghai , Zhu Kongjin , Liu Yuntao , Liu Xingqiang , Li Feng , Liu Guoju , Yang Yong , Li Yonghua , Liu Shenglin , Song Wenyi
Published: August 2016

We have developed a new concept, which is the mass fraction ratio of sulfate and potassium ions (MRSP), for the magnesium sulfate subtype salt lake, which is calculated using the metastable phase diagram. We also studied the trend of the MRSP values with the temperature and the influence of the MRSP values on the evaporation process. The experimental results indicated that the MRSP value showed significantly negative trend with decrease of refrigerated temperature. Moreover, when the MRSP value of the objective brine is reduced to less than or equal to the Specific Value by freezing operation, the great changes of crystal morphology and stage of K+ and SO42- will take place, which makes the sequence of salts precipitation of the freezing-evaporation different from the direct-evaporation.
Serum Cytokines in Young Pediatric Patients with Congenital Cardiac Shunts and Altered Pulmonary Hemodynamics
Authors: Zorzanelli Leína , Maeda Nair Yukie , Clavé Mariana Meira , Aiello Vera Demarchi , Rabinovitch Marlene , Lopes Antonio Augusto
Published: August 2016

Background and Objective.Inflammation is central in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension. We investigated how serum cytokines correlate with clinical features, hemodynamics, and lung histology in young patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital cardiac shunts.Design.Prospective, observational study.Methods and Results. Patients (n=44) were aged 2.6 to 37.6 months. Group I patients (n=31) were characterized by pulmonary congestion and higher pulmonary blood flow compared to group II (p=0.022), with no need for preoperative cardiac catheterization. Group II patients (n=13) had no congestive features. At catheterization, they had elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (5.7 [4.4–7.4] Wood units·m2, geometric mean with 95% CI). Cytokines were measured by chemiluminescence. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was found to be inversely related to pulmonary blood flow (r=-0.33,p=0.026) and was higher in group II (high pulmonary vascular resistance) compared to group I (high pulmonary blood flow) (p=0.017). In contrast, RANTES chemokine (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) was characteristically elevated in Group I (p=0.022). Interleukin 16 was also negatively related to pulmonary blood flow (rS=-0.33,p=0.029) and was higher in patients with obstructive vasculopathy at intraoperative lung biopsy (p=0.021).Conclusion. Cytokines seem to be important and differentially regulated in subpopulations of young patients with cardiac shunts.
Hydrothermal Synthesis, Characterization, andIn VitroDrug Adsorption Studies of Some Nano-BioMOFs
Authors: Sattar Tabinda , Athar Muhammad , Najamul Haq Muhammad
Published: August 2016

Three new nano-bioMOFs (NBMOFs) (copper serinate, copper prolinate, and copper threoninate) have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Molecular masses of these nanomaterials have been obtained by mass spectrometric studies. Successfulin vitrodrug adsorption of rosuvastatin drug has been carried out in these three nanosized materials. The amount of rosuvastatin adsorbed in these materials and its slow release after intervals have been monitored by the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). TGA and PXRD spectra of all these materials in pure form and after rosuvastatin adsorption have also been recorded to elaborate the phenomenon ofin vitrodrug adsorption in these materials.
Clinical Application of a Modular Genomics Technique in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Progress towards Precision Medicine
Authors: Zollars Eric , Courtney Sean M. , Wolf Bethany J. , Allaire Norm , Ranger Ann , Hardiman Gary , Petri Michelle
Published: August 2016

Monitoring disease activity in a complex, heterogeneous disease such as lupus is difficult. Both over- and undertreatment lead to damage. Current standard of care serologies are unreliable. Better measures of disease activity are necessary as we move into the era of precision medicine. We show here the use of a data-driven, modular approach to genomic biomarker development within lupus—specifically lupus nephritis.
Treatment with Antiangiogenic Drugs in Multiple Lines in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Hofheinz R.-D. , Ronellenfitsch U. , Kubicka S. , Falcone A. , Burkholder I. , Hacker U. T.
Published: August 2016

Background. In metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), continuing antiangiogenic drugs beyond progression might provide clinical benefit. We synthesized the available evidence in a meta-analysis.Patients and Methods. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies investigating the use of antiangiogenic drugs beyond progression. Eligible studies were randomized phase II/III trials. Primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints were the impact of continuing antiangiogenic drugs (i) in subgroups, (ii) in different types of compounds targeting the VEGF-axis (monoclonal antibodies versus tyrosine kinase inhibitors), and (iii) on remission rates and prevention of progression.Results. Eight studies (3,668 patients) were included. Continuing antiangiogenic treatment beyond progression significantly improved PFS (HR 0.64; 95%-CI, 0.55–0.75) and OS (HR 0.83; 95%-CI, 0.76–0.89). PFS was significantly improved in all subgroups with comparable HR. OS was improved in all subgroups stratified by age, gender, and ECOG status. The rate of patients achieving at least stable disease was improved with an OR of 2.25 (95%-CI, 1.41–3.58).Conclusions. This analysis shows a significant PFS and OS benefit as well as a benefit regarding disease stabilization when using antiangiogenic drugs beyond progression in mCRC. Future studies should focus on the optimal sequence of administering antiangiogenic drugs.
Hypothyroidism Affects Olfactory Evoked Potentials
Authors: Świdziński Teodor , Linkowska-Świdzińska Kamila , Czerniejewska-Wolska Hanna , Wiskirska-Woźnica Bożena , Owecki Maciej , Głowacka Maria Danuta , Frankowska Anna , Łącka Katarzyna , Glapiński Mariusz , Maciejewska-Szaniec Zofia , Świdziński Piotr
Published: August 2016

Background. Objective electrophysiological methods for investigations of the organ of smell consist in recordings of olfactory cortex responses to specific, time restricted odor stimuli. In hypothyroidism have impaired sense of smell.Material and Methods. Two groups: control of 31 healthy subjects and study group of 21 with hypothyroidism. The inclusion criterion for the study group was the TSH range from 3.54 to 110 μIU/mL.Aim. Assessment of the latency time of evoked responses from the olfactory nerve N1 and the trigeminal nerve N5 using two smells of mint and anise in hypothyroidism.Results. The smell perception in subjective olfactory tests was normal in 85% of the hypothyroid group. Differences were noticed in the objective tests. The detailed intergroup analysis of latency times of recorded cortical responsesPN5andPN1performed by means between the groups of patients with overt clinical hypothyroidism versus subclinical hypothyroidism demonstrated a significant difference (p<0.05) whereas no such differences were found between the control group versus subclinical hypothyroidism group (p>0.05).Conclusion. We can conclude that registration of cortex potentials at irritation of olfactory and trigeminal nerves offers possibilities for using this method as an objective indicator of hypothyroidism severity and prognostic process factor.
Investigating Surface Effects on Thermomechanical Behavior of Embedded Circular Curved Nanosize Beams
Authors: Ebrahimi Farzad , Daman Mohsen
Published: August 2016

To investigate the surface effects on thermomechanical vibration and buckling of embedded circular curved nanosize beams, nonlocal elasticity model is used in combination with surface properties including surface elasticity, surface tension, and surface density for modeling the nanoscale effect. The governing equations are determined via the energy method. Analytically Navier method is utilized to solve the governing equations for simply supported nanobeam at both ends. Solving these equations enables us to estimate the natural frequency and critical buckling load for circular curved nanobeam including Winkler and Pasternak elastic foundations and under the effect of a uniform temperature change. The results determined are verified by comparing the results with available ones in literature. The effects of various parameters such as nonlocal parameter, surface properties, Winkler and Pasternak elastic foundations, temperature, and opening angle of circular curved nanobeam on the natural frequency and critical buckling load are successfully studied. The results reveal that the natural frequency and critical buckling load of circular curved nanobeam are significantly influenced by these effects.
AZD5153: A Novel Bivalent BET Bromodomain Inhibitor Highly Active against Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Rhyasen Garrett W. , Hattersley Maureen M. , Yao Yi , Dulak Austin , Wang Wenxian , Petteruti Philip , Dale Ian L. , Boiko Scott , Cheung Tony , Zhang Jingwen , Wen Shenghua , Castriotta Lillian , Lawson Deborah , Collins Michael , Bao Larry , Ahdesmaki Miika J. , Walker Graeme , O'Connor Greg , Yeh Tammie C. , Rabow Alfred A. , Dry Jonathan R. , Reimer Corinne , Lyne Paul , Mills Gordon B. , Fawell Stephen E. , Waring Michael J. , Zinda Michael , Clark Edwin , Chen Huawei
Published: August 2016

The bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) protein BRD4 regulates gene expression via recruitment of transcriptional regulatory complexes to acetylated chromatin. Pharmacological targeting of BRD4 bromodomains by small molecule inhibitors has proven to be an effective means to disrupt aberrant transcriptional programs critical for tumor growth and/or survival. Herein, we report AZD5153, a potent, selective, and orally available BET/BRD4 bromodomain inhibitor possessing a bivalent binding mode. Unlike previously described monovalent inhibitors, AZD5153 ligates two bromodomains in BRD4 simultaneously. The enhanced avidity afforded through bivalent binding translates into increased cellular and antitumor activity in preclinical hematologic tumor models. In vivo administration of AZD5153 led to tumor stasis or regression in multiple xenograft models of acute myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The relationship between AZD5153 exposure and efficacy suggests that prolonged BRD4 target coverage is a primary efficacy driver. AZD5153 treatment markedly affects transcriptional programs of MYC, E2F, and mTOR. Of note, mTOR pathway modulation is associated with cell line sensitivity to AZD5153. Transcriptional modulation of MYC and HEXIM1 was confirmed in AZD5153-treated human whole blood, thus supporting their use as clinical pharmacodynamic biomarkers. This study establishes AZD5153 as a highly potent, orally available BET/BRD4 inhibitor and provides a rationale for clinical development in hematologic malignancies. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(11); 2563–74. ©2016 AACR.
Tef (Eragrostis tef (ZUCC.) TROTTER) - glutenfreies Getreide aus Äthiopien
Authors: Heiniger Ursula
Published: August 2016

Tef (Eragrostis tef (ZUCC.) TROTTER) ist ein altes, genügsames Getreide, das seit Jahrtausenden in Äthiopien angebaut wird. Der Ertrag von Tef ist nicht gross, seine Körner sind klein und die Pflanze neigt zum Umknicken. In Äthiopien ist Tef eines der Hauptnahrungsmittel, aus dem das traditionelle «Injera» hergestellt wird. Tef ist glutenfrei und soll reich an Aminosäuren und Mineralien, vor allem an Eisen und Kalzium, sein. Es wird in Europa und den USA sowohl über Reformhäuser als auch über das Internet vermarktet und von der äthiopischen Diaspora geschätzt. Um den Tef-Ertrag zu steigern, wird in Äthiopien in Zusammenarbeit mit amerikanischen und europäischen Forschungsinstituten Tef gezüchtet - mit traditionellen Selektionen und Hybridisierung, aber auch mit molekulargenetischer, Marker-unterstützter Züchtung. Tef wird in den USA auch als Futtergras angebaut. Ein «Access and Benefit Sharing»-Abkommen zwischen Äthiopien und einer niederländischen Firma über den Anbau und Vertrieb von Tef-Produkten ist gescheitert. Zudem werden die Probleme, die sich aus dem weltweiten Anbau von Tef und dessen Vermarktung ergeben, diskutiert.
Enhancing the Three-Dimensional Structure of Adherent Gingival Fibroblasts and Spheroids via a Fibrous Protein-Based Hydrogel Cover
Authors: Kaufman Gili , Nunes Laiz , Eftimiades Alex , Tutak Wojtek
Published: August 2016

Tissue engineering-based therapies rely on the delivery of monolayered fibroblasts on two-dimensional polystyrene-coated and extracellular matrix (ECM) surfaces to regenerate connective tissues. However, this approach may fail to mimic their three-dimensional (3D) native architecture and function. We hypothesize that ECM fibrous proteins, which direct the migration of cells in vivo, may attach and guide polystyrene- and Matrigel™-ECM (M-ECM)-adherent fibroblasts to rearrangement into large multicellular macrostructures with the ability to proliferate. Gingival monolayered fibroblasts and their derived spheroids were added and adhered to tissue culture polystyrene and M-ECM surfaces. The cells were covered with a layer of collagen1 hydrogel combined with vitronectin, fibronectin or fibrin, or 10% M-ECM. The development of 3D cell constructs was characterized by epifluorescence and confocal scanning microscope image analysis. The ECM turnover and the proliferative capabilities of the fibroblasts were determined via gene expression profiling of collagen1, fibronectin, matrix metalloproteinase/metallopeptidase 2, Nanog, and SRY (sex-determining region Y)-box2 (Sox2). Expression of the Sox2 protein was followed by immunostaining. The collagen1 protein had the strongest effect on monolayered and spheroid cell rearrangements, forming large spherical shapes and fused 3D macroconstructs. The addition of fibrin protein was typically required to achieve a similar effect on M-ECM-adherent monolayered fibroblasts. The spheroid fusion process was followed by an increase in cell density and the formation of tight clusters. The fused spheroids continued to maintain their intracellular ECM turnover and proliferation capacities. Collagen1 is a valuable component in the rearrangement of adherent fibroblast monolayers and spheroids. Fibroblast spheroids should preferably be used as basic building blocks to assemble multicellular connective tissue-like macrostructures.
Cabazitaxel for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Retrospective Data Analysis from an Indian Centre
Authors: Noronha Vanita , Joshi Amit , Muddu Vamshi Krishna , Maruti Patil Vijay , Prabhash Kumar
Published: August 2016

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of cabazitaxel in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients from the named patient programme (NPP) at our centre. Methods: mCRPC patients who progressed on docetaxel were given cabazitaxel intravenously every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurred. Overall survival, progression-free survival, prostate-specific antigen response, quality of life (QOL) changes, and safety were reported. Results: Nine men received cabazitaxel (median: 7 cycles; range: 1–27) under the NPP and were followed until death. Median survival was 14.07 months (1.07–23.80) and progression-free survival was 2.67 months (1.07–20.27). QOL was stable for most patients. Common adverse events (grade ≥3) were neutropenia (n = 8), anaemia (n = 4), and leucopenia (n = 4). Conclusion: These data from 9 patients are consistent with the results reported in the TROPIC study with a manageable safety profile.
Initial Resistance of Carina Anastomoses with Increasing Tensile Stress: An ex vivo Model Comparing Different Suture Techniques
Authors: Kirschbaum Andreas , Hemmerling Stefanie , Steinfeldt Thorsten , Bartsch Detlef K. , Mirow Nikolas
Published: August 2016

Background: After resection of the carina with a length of more than 4 cm, anastomoses often need to be performed under tension despite maximum mobilization. If the patient cannot be extubated, the anastomosis remains under continued stress. Anastomoses of the carina can be constructed using various suture techniques, including single interrupted sutures, back wall running but front wall single interrupted sutures, and complete running suture. This experimental study was designed to determine the most tensile stress-resistant anastomotic suture technique. Materials and Methods: Isolated preparations of tracheobronchial trees were recovered from freshly slaughtered pigs. Resection of the carina was carried out in preparation of the experiments. After blind randomization, anastomoses (n = 15 per group) between the distal trachea and the proximal left main bronchus were performed with PDS 4-0 employing three different suture techniques: (1) single interrupted sutures, (2) back wall running but front wall single interrupted sutures (= mixed technique), and (3) complete running suture. The anastomotic specimen was fixed onto a specially constructed device. The tracheal end was intubated with a tube (CH 8.0) and connected to a respirator. Different weights were attached to the distal end of the preparation via a clamp and guide rollers. Airtightness was investigated at the following tensile loads: 0, 500, 1,000 and 1,500 g. Intrabronchial pressure was increased in 5-mbar steps. In an underwater trial, we analyzed whether anastomoses were airtight at a maximum intrabronchial ventilation pressure of 70 mbar. Results: At an intrabronchial pressure of 25 mbar without tensile stress, all anastomoses were initially airtight. In tensionless anastomoses at 70 mbar, 100% of single interrupted and continuous sutures were airtight, as compared to 80% of sutures in mixed technique. At 70 mbar and tensile loads of 1,500 g, 80% of single interrupted sutures, 60% of sutures in mixed technique and 53% of the running sutures remained competent. Conclusion: If tracheal anastomoses can be performed without tension, the suture technique is not important. With increased tension, anastomoses performed in single interrupted suture technique were clearly superior. Thus, in situations, where high tensile stress is to be expected, single interrupted sutures should be preferred.
Topoisomerase 1 Promoter Variants and Benefit from Irinotecan in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Paolicchi Elisa , Vivaldi Caterina , De Gregorio Veronica , Crea Francesco , Fornaro Lorenzo , Masi Gianluca , Loupakis Fotios , Graziano Francesco , Ronzoni Monica , Ricci Vincenzo , Falcone Alfredo , Danesi Romano
Published: August 2016

Objective:Topoisomerase 1 (topo-1) is an important target for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between topo-1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and clinical outcome in metastatic CRC (mCRC) patients. Methods: With the use of specific software (PROMO 3.0), we performed an in silico analysis of topo-1 promoter SNPs; the rs6072249 and rs34282819 SNPs were included in the study. DNA was extracted from 105 mCRC patients treated with FOLFIRI ± bevacizumab in the first line. SNP genotyping was performed by real-time PCR. Genotypes were correlated with clinical parameters (objective response rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival). Results: No single genotype was significantly associated with clinical variables. The G allelic variant of rs6072249 topo-1 SNP is responsible for GC factor and X-box-binding protein transcription factor binding. The same allelic variant showed a nonsignificant trend toward a shorter progression-free survival (GG, 7.5 months; other genotypes, 9.3 months; HR 1.823, 95% CI 0.8904-3.734; p = 0.1). Conclusion: Further analyses are needed to confirm that the topo-1 SNP rs6072249 and transcription factor interaction could be a part of tools to predict clinical outcome in mCRC patients treated with irinotecan-based regimens.
Time Trends in Murray's Psychogenic Needs over Three Decades in Swedish 75-Year-Olds
Authors: Billstedt Eva , Waern Margda , Falk Hanna , Duberstein Paul , Östling Svante , Hällström Tore , Skoog Ingmar
Published: August 2016

Background: While time trends in personality traits have been suggested in younger cohorts, little is known regarding this issue in older adults. Objective: To test for birth cohort changes in psychogenic needs according to Murray's theory of personality in two birth cohorts of 75-year-olds born 1901-1902 and 1930. Methods: Two population-based birth cohorts were examined at the age of 75 years in 1976-1977 and in 2005-2006. Psychogenic needs according to Murray were measured with the Cesarec-Marke Personality Schedule (CMPS), a Swedish version of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule. Scores on the CMPS subscales (achievement, affiliation, aggression, defence of status, guilt feelings, dominance, exhibition, autonomy, nurturance, order, succorance, and acquiescence) were compared between cohorts. Results:Achievement, exhibition, dominance, aggression, affiliation, and succorance scores were higher, and order and acquiescence scores lower, in the more recent birth cohort of 75-year-olds. Women scored lower than men on exhibition and dominance, and higher on defence of status, guilt feelings, affiliation, nurturance, and succorance. Interaction effects between cohort and sex were found for achievement (women scored lower than men in 1976-1977 but not in 2005-2006), order (the lower scores in 2005-2006 were more accentuated among men), and acquiescence (increased in men and decreased in women). Conclusion: The later-born birth cohort scored higher on self-centred traits, such as more dominant, competitive, and exhibitive traits as well as the need to be taken care of and have friends around, but it scored lower on the need for order. The gap between men and women regarding achievement decreased, possibly reflecting women's more prominent role in society.
Clinical Impact of Emphysema Evaluated by High-Resolution Computed Tomography on Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Diagnosed by Surgical Lung Biopsy
Authors: Kohashi Yasuo , Arai Toru , Sugimoto Chikatoshi , Tachibana Kazunobu , Akira Masanori , Kitaichi Masanori , Hayashi Seiji , Inoue Yoshikazu
Published: August 2016

Background: The prognosis of combined cases of pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema is unresolved partially because radiological differentiation between usual interstitial pneumonia and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia is difficult in coexisting emphysema cases. Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the clinical impact of emphysema on the survival of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Methods: One hundred and seven patients with interstitial lung diseases were diagnosed by surgical lung biopsies between 2006 and 2012, and 47 patients were diagnosed with IPF through multidisciplinary discussion. Emphysema on high-resolution computed tomography scans was evaluated semiquantitatively by visual scoring. Results: Eight out of the 47 IPF patients showed a higher emphysema score (>3) and were diagnosed to have IPF-emphysema. The median survival time of patients with IPF-emphysema (1,734 days) from the initial diagnosis was significantly shorter than that of patients with IPF alone (2,229 days) by Kaplan-Meier analysis (p = 0.007, log-rank test). Univariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses revealed that a higher total emphysema score (>3.0) was a significantly poor prognostic factor in addition to Krebs von den Lungen-6, surfactant protein-D, arterial oxygen tension, percent forced vital capacity, and percent diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (%DLCO). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses with the stepwise method showed that higher total emphysema score (>3) and %DLCO were significantly poor prognostic factors. Conclusions: The prognosis of IPF-emphysema was significantly worse than that of IPF alone.
Effect of a Single Application of TiF4 Varnish versus Daily Use of a Low-Concentrated TiF4/NaF Solution on Tooth Erosion Prevention in vitro
Authors: Magalhães Ana Carolina , dos Santos Milena Gargaro , Comar Livia Picchi , Buzalaf Marília Afonso Rabelo , Ganss Carolina , Schlueter Nadine
Published: August 2016

This study investigated the isolated and combined effect of a single application of TiF4 or NaF varnish versus daily use of a solution containing a low concentration of TiF4/NaF against tooth erosion in vitro. A total of 90 bovine enamel and 108 root dentin samples were treated as follows: control (no treatment), solution containing TiF4/NaF (500 ppm F-, pH 4.4), NaF varnish (24,500 ppm F-, pH 5.0), TiF4 varnish (24,500 ppm F-, pH 1.0), TiF4 varnish + solution, and NaF varnish + solution. The erosive challenges were performed 4 × 90s/day (0.1% citric acid, pH 2.5) and, between them, the samples were immersed in artificial saliva. The tooth loss was measured using contact profilometry (after 7 days for dentin and after 7, 10, and 14 days for enamel). All treatments were effective in reducing tooth loss, except NaF varnish for enamel on day 7 (p < 0.0001). TiF4/NaF solution and TiF4 varnish did not differ with respect to enamel loss for 10 days; thereafter, TiF4 varnish lost its protective effect compared to TiF4/NaF solution. The combination of vehicles was more effective in reducing enamel loss than both varnishes on their own but not compared to the solution. For dentin, TiF4 varnish was more effective than NaF varnish, while TiF4/NaF solution and NaF varnish were similar. The combination of vehicles improved the protective effect only when compared to NaF varnish on its own (p < 0.0001). Both types of TiF4 applications, isolated or combined, were effective against tooth erosion, but some differences in their performance were seen between enamel and dentin.
Total Artificial Heart and Chronic Haemodialysis: A Possible Bridge to Transplantation?
Authors: Demiselle Julien , Besson Virginie , Sayegh Johnny , Subra Jean-François , Augusto Jean-François
Published: August 2016

Background: Total artificial heart (TAH) device is sometimes necessary to treat end stage heart failure (HF). After surgery, renal impairment can occur with the need of renal replacement therapy. Method: We report the case of a 51-year-old man who was treated with conventional hemodialysis (HD) while on support with TAH. Results: The patient underwent HD while on TAH support during 14 months. He benefited from conventional HD, 6 sessions per week. HD sessions were well tolerated, and patient's condition and quality of life improved significantly. The main difficulty was to maintain red blood cell level because of chronic hemolysis due to TAH, which required repetitive blood transfusions, resulting in a high rate of human leukocyte antigen sensitization. Unfortunately, the patient died of mesenteric ischemia due to anticoagulation under dosing. Conclusion: We conclude that HD treatment is possible despite TAH and should be considered in patients with both end stage renal and HF.
More Efficient Sodium Removal by Ultrafiltration Compared to Diuretics in Acute Heart Failure; Underexplored and Overstated
Authors: Kazory Amir
Published: August 2016

Enhanced removal of sodium has often been cited as an advantage of ultrafiltration (UF) therapy over diuretic-based medical treatment in the management of acute decompensated heart failure. However, so far clinical studies have rarely evaluated the precise magnitude of sodium removal, and this assumption is largely based on the physiologic mechanisms and anecdotal observations that predate the contemporary management of heart failure. Recent data suggest that patients treated with UF experience substantial reduction in urinary sodium excretion possibly due to prolonged intravascular volume contraction. Consequently, the efficient sodium extraction through production of isotonic ultrafiltrate can be offset by urine hypotonicity. Based on the limited currently available data, it seems unlikely that the persistent benefits of UF could be solely explained by its greater efficiency in sodium removal. The design of the future studies should include frequent measurements of urine sodium to precisely compare the impact of UF and diuretics on sodium balance.
Cross-Over Efficiency Comparison of Different Tidal Automated Peritoneal Dialysis Schedules
Authors: Domenici Alessandro , Giuliani Anna , Sivo Francesca , Falcone Clorinda , Punzo Giorgio , Menè Paolo
Published: August 2016

This study compares 5 different tidal automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) prescriptions. Six low-average and 6 high-average transporters performed 3 separate sessions with 5 different schedules: (A) 50% tidal with initial fill volume (FV) 2 liters, (B) 50% tidal with 2.2 liters initial FV, (C) 2.2 liters initial FV with 70% tidal, (D) as in B, with one complete renewal of the initial FV at midsession, (E) 2.2 liters FV with breakpoint modality. Urea, creatinine and phosphate peritoneal clearances, sodium removal and ultrafiltration (UF) were compared using analysis of variance. Compared to treatment A, all the tested alternative schedules were associated with 10% significantly higher urea clearance; B, D and E, but not C, were associated with 10% higher creatinine clearance. Phosphate clearance was significantly higher with D, while sodium removal was larger with both C and D. UF was lower with A and E in high average transporters. Manipulation of the main prescriptive parameters of tidal APD has significant impact on its efficiency.
Semi-Rigid Thoracoscopic Punch Biopsy Using a Hybrid Knife with a High-Pressure Water Jet for the Diagnosis of Pleural Effusions
Authors: Yin Yan , Eberhardt Ralf , Wang Xiao-bo , Wang Qiu-yue , Kang Jian , Herth Felix J.F. , Hou Gang
Published: August 2016

Semi-rigid thoracoscopy is an important technique in the definitive diagnosis of pleural diseases with high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Obtaining adequate samples from thickened pleura is the most important limitation of semi-rigid thoracoscopy with a standard flexible forceps (SFF) compared with rigid thoracoscopy, especially in patients with mesothelioma or benign fibrothorax. Developing a convenient, efficient and safe biopsy technique to obtain sufficient samples from such patients is a key topic in semi-rigid thoracoscopy. The hybrid knife (HK) is an innovative design fusing high-pressure water injection and a conventional diathermic knife that can allow for the safe resection of a larger lesion during gastrointestinal endoscopic dissection. Here, we describe 3 patients with unexplained pleural effusion who underwent pleural biopsy using an HK to investigate the potential use of the HK as a new pleural biopsy device in semi-rigid thoracoscopy when pleural lesions are difficult to biopsy using an SFF. The biopsies were obtained successfully by HK, and the diagnosis followed. The sizes of the biopsies collected by HK are larger than those collected by SFF. No complications were observed. Electrocautery biopsy using an HK during semi-rigid thoracoscopy has great potential for diagnosing consistent abnormal pleuras, which are difficult to biopsy with an SFF.
Intra-Arterial Delivery of Idarubicin in Two Patients with Glioblastoma
Authors: Chehimi Mohamad , Boone Mathieu , Chivot Cyril , Deramond Hervé , Constans Jean-Marc , Ly Mony Chenda , Chauffert Bruno
Published: August 2016

There is no effective treatment for recurrent glioblastoma (GB) when temozolomide-based radiochemotherapy fails. In theory, intra-arterial (IA) delivery of cytotoxic agents could achieve higher drug concentrations in tumors compared to intravenous injection. Moreover, choosing a highly lipid-soluble drug could make the most of the first-pass effect. Here, we evaluated idarubicin (IDA), a lipophilic anthracycline, in an in vitro assay using four human GB cell lines and compared it with 11 other drugs previously used for the IA treatment of brain tumors. Despite impressive in vitro cytotoxicity, IA IDA did not produce a beneficial effect in 2 patients with recurrent GB.
Bioavailability, Efficacy and Safety of Generic Immunosuppressive Drugs for Kidney Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tsipotis Evangelos , Gupta Navin R. , Raman Gowri , Zintzaras Elias , Jaber Bertrand L.
Published: August 2016

Background: Concerns exist over the extrapolation of bioavailability studies of generic immunosuppressive drugs in healthy volunteers, regarding their efficacy and safety in kidney transplant recipients. We conducted a meta-analysis of trials examining the bioavailability of generic (test) immunosuppressive drugs relative to their brand (reference) counterparts in healthy volunteers, based on the US Food and Drug Administration requirements for approval of generics, and their efficacy and safety in kidney transplant recipients. Methods: Eligible studies were identified in PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and conference abstracts. Results: Twenty crossover trials of healthy volunteers (n = 641) and 6 parallel-arm randomized controlled trials of kidney transplant recipients (n = 594) were identified. The 90% CI of the pooled test-to-reference drug ratio for maximum or peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the plasma concentration time-curve from time 0 to time of last determinable concentration (AUC(0-t)) fell within the required range (0.80-1.25) for cyclosporine (Cmax 0.91; 90% CI 0.86-0.95; and AUC(0-t) 0.97; 90% CI 0.94-1.00), tacrolimus (Cmax 1.17; 90% CI 1.09-1.24; and AUC(0-t) 1.00; 90% CI 0.97-1.03) and mycophenolate mofetil (Cmax 0.98; 90% CI 0.96-1.01; and AUC(0-t) 1.00; 90% CI 0.99-1.01). In subgroup analyses, some generic cyclosporine formulations did not meet criteria for bioequivalence. No significant differences were observed in the time to maximum plasma concentration and terminal plasma half-life between generic and brand drugs. In parallel-arm trials, generic cyclosporine was non-inferior to brand counterpart in terms of acute allograft rejection, infections, and death. Conclusions: Not all generic immunosuppressive drugs have similar relative bioavailability to their brand name counterparts. Evidence on their efficacy and safety is inconclusive. Tighter regulatory requirement for approval of generic drugs with narrow therapeutic index is needed.
Evaluación psicopedagógica de menores con Necesidades Educativas Especiales: Una propuesta metodológica interdisciplinaria
Authors: Euan-Braga Erika Isabel , Echeverría-Echeverría Rebelín
Published: August 2016

(analítico): Para identificar las Necesidades Educativas Especiales en menores con o sin discapacidad, es fundamental realizar una Evaluación Psicopedagógica, mediante el trabajo interdisciplinario. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar una propuesta metodológica interdisciplinaria desarrollada para el logro de la evaluación psicopedagógica de menores con discapacidad en nivel escolar. Participó un equipo multidisciplinario de docentes y paradocentes.Utilizamos como metodología la Investigación-Acción-Participativa (diagnóstico, intervención y evaluación) con técnicas de: entrevista semi-estructurada, observación participante, técnicas participativas, análisis documental y encuesta. Fortalecimos conocimientos acerca del trabajo interdisciplinario, las funciones y responsabilidades profesionales, el desarrollo de habilidades interpersonales y el liderazgo docente; así como la puesta en práctica de acciones interdisciplinarias.Proponemos discutir la utilidad de la metodología desarrollada para el logro de una atención de mayor calidad a los sujetos menores.
Apuesta política sobre discapacidad desde el discurso de niños y niñas
Authors: Garzón-Díaz Karim
Published: August 2016

(Analítico): este artículo presenta una síntesis de la investigación realizada sobre los discursos de niños y niñas sobre discapacidad, contrastados con escenarios teóricos y sociales sobre discapacidad respecto al significado del lenguaje, la participación social y sus implicaciones en la formulación y la implementación de políticas públicas. Emplea el análisis de contenido del discurso como estrategia metodológica y las políticas públicas como una alternativa de transformación social. Los aportes se reflejan en las lógicas de orientación de las políticas públicas como una forma de institucionalidad de la discapacidad y el aporte social de niños y niñas y el lenguaje como determinante para la convivencia social.
Fatores determinantes da qualidade da informação contábil em empresas brasileiras listadas na BM&FBovespa
Authors: Moura Geovanne Dias de , Ziliotto Karina , Mazzioni Sady
Published: August 2016

O estudo objetivou analisar os fatores determinantes da qualidade da informação contábil em companhias abertas listadas na BM&FBovespa. A qualidade da informação foi analisada por meio do gerenciamento de resultados e os fatores determinantes observados foram o nível de competição do mercado, maiores proporções de ativos intangíveis, concentração acionária e governança corporativa. Realizou-se pesquisa descritiva, documental e abordagem quantitativa. A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por 271 companhias em 2008, 278 em 2009, 285 em 2010, 290 em 2011, 294 em 2012, 296 em 2013 e 293 em 2014. Os resultados demostraram que, entre os fatores investigados no período de 2008 a 2014, somente dois se confirmaram. Um deles foi o fator competitividade, cujo coeficiente positivo e significativo indicou que menor competitividade estava relacionada com maior gerenciamento de resultados. O outro fator foi intangibilidade, que apresentou coeficiente negativo e significativo, sinalizando que as empresas que possuíam maiores proporções de ativos intangíveis nos seus ativos totais apresentavam menores índices de gerenciamento.
A SISTEMATIZAÇÃO DAS NORMAS CONTÁBEIS NO ORDENAMENTO JURÍDICO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Correia Rogério Dias , Costa Fábio Moraes da
Published: August 2016

O presente estudo tem por objeto a normatização contábil no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Busca-se apresentar os veículos introdutores de normas contábeis, os critérios de solução de conflitos e, principalmente, delinear os contornos do exercício da competência normativa pelos órgãos e entidades pertencentes à administração pública em matéria contábil. Trata-se de uma proposta de sistematização da complexa teia normativa que versa sobre temas contábeis, composta por normas constitucionais, legais e infralegais. Através da análise do arcabouço normativo, conclui-se pela necessidade de uma releitura do princípio da legalidade, sob o enfoque do princípio da eficiência, para reconhecer um amplo campo de competência normativa aos órgãos e entidades pertencentes à administração pública, para estabelecer normas que tenham como objeto a evidenciação, mensuração e registro das operações, eventos e fatos econômicos.
Microdomain-Specific Modulation of L-Type Calcium Channels Leads to Triggered Ventricular Arrhythmia in Heart Failure
Authors: Sanchez-Alonso Jose L. , Bhargava Anamika , O’Hara Thomas , Glukhov Alexey V. , Schobesberger Sophie , Bhogal Navneet , Sikkel Markus B. , Mansfield Catherine , Korchev Yuri E. , Lyon Alexander R. , Punjabi Prakash P. , Nikolaev Viacheslav O. , Trayanova Natalia A. , Gorelik Julia
Published: August 2016

Rationale:

Disruption in subcellular targeting of Ca
2+
signaling complexes secondary to changes in cardiac myocyte structure may contribute to the pathophysiology of a variety of cardiac diseases, including heart failure (HF) and certain arrhythmias.

Objective:

To explore microdomain-targeted remodeling of ventricular L-type Ca
2+
channels (LTCCs) in HF.

Methods and Results:

Super-resolution scanning patch-clamp, confocal and fluorescence microscopy were used to explore the distribution of single LTCCs in different membrane microdomains of nonfailing and failing human and rat ventricular myocytes. Disruption of membrane structure in both species led to the redistribution of functional LTCCs from their canonical location in transversal tubules (T-tubules) to the non-native crest of the sarcolemma, where their open probability was dramatically increased (0.034±0.011 versus 0.154±0.027,
P
<0.001). High open probability was linked to enhance calcium–calmodulin kinase II–mediated phosphorylation in non-native microdomains and resulted in an elevated
I
Ca,L
window current, which contributed to the development of early afterdepolarizations. A novel model of LTCC function in HF was developed; after its validation with experimental data, the model was used to ascertain how HF-induced T-tubule loss led to altered LTCC function and early afterdepolarizations. The HF myocyte model was then implemented in a 3-dimensional left ventricle model, demonstrating that such early afterdepolarizations can propagate and initiate reentrant arrhythmias.

Conclusions:

Microdomain-targeted remodeling of LTCC properties is an important event in pathways that may contribute to ventricular arrhythmogenesis in the settings of HF-associated remodeling. This extends beyond the classical concept of electric remodeling in HF and adds a new dimension to cardiovascular disease.