bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The great gerbil (Rhombomys opimus) as a host for tick species in Gurbantunggut Desert
Authors: Liu Gang , Tan Wenbo , Wang Huiqian , Han Xiaoshuang , Hornok Sándor , Zhao Shanshan , Mi Ligu , Wang Suwen , Yang Meihua , Wang Yuanzhi
Published: February 2024

Background

Rodents play an important role in the life cycle of ixodid and argasid ticks, particularly as hosts of larvae and nymphs. The great gerbil (Rhombomys opimus), the preferred prey item of several carnivores (e.g. the red fox and marbled polecat), is the dominant rodent species in the Gurbantunggut Desert in northwestern China. The aim of this study was to investigate tick species associated with different hosts in the habitat of great gerbils, including wildlife and livestock.

Methods

During 2018–2023, ticks were removed from 326 great gerbils, two red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), three marbled polecats (Vormela peregusna), 35 pastured sheep (Ovis aries), and one long-eared desert hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus) in the Gurbantunggut Desert. Ticks were identified according to standard morphological keys. Then, they were further analyzed by molecular and phylogenic methods based on two mitochondrial markers, 16S rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) genes.

Results

A total of 889 ticks were collected, representing five species. These included Hyalomma asiaticum (n = 425: 24 larvae, 79 nymphs and 322 adults), Rhipicephalus turanicus (n = 153: 2 nymphs and 151 adults), Haemaphysalis erinacei (n = 298: 4 larvae, 7 nymphs and 287 adults), Ixodes acuminatus (n = 7: 4 nymphs and 3 adults) and Ornithodoros tartakovskyi (6 adults). Based on COI sequences, molecular and phylogenetic analyses showed that (i) I. acuminatus from great gerbils and marbled polecats clustered with I. acuminatus reported from Europe; (ii) O. tartakovskyi found in northwestern China belonged to an independent clade; (iii) Hy. asiaticum, R. turanicus and Ha. erinacei had 100% sequence identities to conspecific ticks sampled previously in China.

Conclusions

The great gerbil is an important host for the developmental stages of I. acuminatus, O. tartakovskyi, Ha. erinacei, Hy. asiaticum and R. turanicus, thus supporting the life cycle of several tick species which, as adults, parasitize predators (red fox and marble polecat) as well as pastured sheep and hedgehogs in the Gurbantunggut Desert. Ixodes acuminatus and O. tartakovskyi were found for the first time on great gerbil and marbled polecat, respectively.

Graphical Abstract
Three-year progression-free survival of a patient with concomitant mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon with peritoneal dissemination and multiple myeloma who received lenalidomide: a case report
Authors: Tamai Koki , Hirose Hajime , Akazawa Yo , Yoshikawa Yukihiro , Nomura Masatoshi , Takeyama Hiroshi , Tokunaga Masahiro , Tei Mitsuyoshi , Okamura Shu , Akamaru Yusuke
Published: February 2024

Background

Concomitant multiple myeloma (MM) and other primary malignancies is rare. Therefore, the treatment outcomes of patients with these conditions have not been well discussed. Lenalidomide is an oral thalidomide analog drug used for MM. Recently, the antitumor effect of lenalidomide has been gaining attention, and lenalidomide has been applied for managing solid tumors. The current case showed the treatment course of a patient treated with lenalidomide for concomitant MM and colon cancer with peritoneal dissemination.

Case presentation

A 74-year-old female patient receiving treatment for MM was diagnosed with mucinous adenocarcinoma of the transverse colon. The patient was clinically diagnosed with stage IIIC T4aN2M0 disease. Subsequently, laparoscopic colectomy with lymph node dissection was planned. However, intraperitoneal observation revealed peritoneal dissemination that had sporadically and widely spread. Therefore, palliative partial colectomy was performed to prevent future hemorrhage or obstruction. The patient was discharged on the 10th postoperative day without postoperative complication. Based on the patient’s preference, lenalidomide was continually administered for MM without systemic chemotherapy. The patient survived for > 36 months without any signs of tumor progression.

Conclusion

The current case first showed the treatment course of concomitant MM and colon cancer. The antitumor effect of lenalidomide can possibly contribute to 3-year progression-free survival in patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon with peritoneal dissemination.
Correlation of iron deficiency indexes with Eradication and Recurrence of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Children
Authors: Liu Xiao , Zhang Yuanda , Dong Qingwei , Deng Hongyu , Bi Jing
Published: February 2024

Objective: To explore the correlation of iron deficiency (ID) indexes with eradication and recurrence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in children.

Methods: This is a clinical comparative study. One hundred and twenty-six children who were first diagnosed as Hp infection in Baoding Children’s Hospital (Hp infection group); and the control group included 200 children without Helicobacter Pylori infection (negative stool Hp antigen test and/or 13C-urea breath test) in local region at the same time from January 2020 to January 2022. Enrolled children were subjected to routine blood test, serum ferritin (SF), serum iron (SI) and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) detection. Meanwhile, children with Hp infection were given triple therapy for eradication and followed up for one year.

Results: The levels of SI, SF and Hb in non-eradication group were lower than those in eradication group (P<0.05); while TIBC level in the former group was higher than that in the latter group (P<0.05). Furthermore, SF level in the recurrence group was lower than that in the non-recurrence group (P<0.05). While there was no significant difference in Hb, SI and TIBC levels between the recurrence group and the non-recurrence group (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Low level of SF may be a risk factor for difficulty in eradication and recurrence after eradication in children with Hp infection. Meanwhile, low levels of Hb and SI are influential factors for difficulty in eradication in children with Hp infection.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.7816

How to cite this: Liu X, Zhang Y, Dong Q, Deng H, Bi J. Correlation of iron deficiency indexes with Eradication and Recurrence of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Children. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(4):674-678. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.7816

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
A missense variant in the PACS2 gene cause Epileptic Encephalopathy and seizures in Saudi family
Authors: Naseer Muhammad Imran , Absarul Haq
Published: February 2024

We identified the PACS2 gene responsible for the multifunctional sorting protein that play a role in nuclear gene expression as well as pathway traffic regulation. Diseases associated with PACS2 include early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE66), alacrima, achalasia, and mental retardation syndrome. Whole exome sequencing (WES) technique was used for the identification of variants that may lead to the disease. We identified a consanguineous Saudi family segregating developmental delay, mental retardation and epilepsy. Our results showed a heterozygous missense variant PACS2 gene leading to intellectual disability, epilepsy and cause epileptic encephalopathies (EIEE66) disorder. WES data was analyzed and identified variants were further confirmed by Sanger sequencing validation technique. We identified a heterozygous missense c.625G>A p.Glu209Lys in exon-6 of PACS2. The detected heterozygous mutation in the exon-6 region of PACS2 gene change the protein features and may cause disease. Further, explain the possibility that PACS2 gene play important role to cause intellectual disability, epilepsy and epileptic encephalopathies in this Saudi family.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.8707

How to cite this: Haque A, Naseer MI. A missense variant in the PACS2 gene cause Epileptic Encephalopathy and seizures in Saudi family. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(4):782-784. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.8707

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Construction and validation of chronic pain prediction model after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Qian Juan , Wang Xuesong
Published: February 2024

Objective: To explore the risk factors of chronic pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to establish and verify a prediction model.

Methods: As a retrospective observational study, medical records of 239 patients who underwent TKA in Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from January 2020 to December 2022 were reviewed. Fifty four patients suffered from chronic pain after TKA surgery. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze factors associated with the occurrence of chronic pain after TKA. A nomogram prediction model was established based on the identified independent risk factors, and its predictive effectiveness was evaluated.

Results: Gender, postoperative 24-hourss numerical rating scale (NRS) and postoperative three months Hospital for Special Surgery Knee-Rating (HSS) scores were independent risk factors for chronic pain after TKA (p<0.05). The area of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) of the nomogram model based on these factors was 0.904 (95% confidence interval [CI): 0.861-0.947), which indicates a good predictive value for the postoperative chronic pain. When the optimal cut off value was selected, the sensitivity and specificity of the model were 92.6% and 74.1%, respectively, indicating that the predictive model is effective.

Conclusions: Gender, postoperative 24-hours NRS and postoperative three months HSS score are independent risk factors for chronic pain after TKA. The nomogram prediction model based on these factors is effective and can provide auxiliary reference for patients with chronic pain after TKA.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.8979

How to cite this: Qian J, Wang X. Construction and validation of chronic pain prediction model after total knee arthroplasty. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(4):657-662. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.8979

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Application of the metagenomic next-generation sequencing in diagnosis and therapy of chronic kidney disease patients with infections
Authors: Liang Dongrui , Li Xiaodong
Published: February 2024

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.9244

How to cite this: Liang D, Li X. Application of the metagenomic next-generation sequencing in diagnosis and therapy of chronic kidney disease patients with infections. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(4):791-792. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.9244
‘Successful and feminine athlete’ and ‘natural-born fighter’
Authors: Κάβουρα Άννα
Published: February 2024

Παρά τις φεμινιστικές ανησυχίες για την ασύμμετρη κατανομή της εξουσίας σε πολεμικές τέχνες και μαχητικά αθλήματα, η έρευνα στον τομέα της αθλητικής ψυχολογίας έχει παραβλέψει ζητήματα ανισότητας και κοινωνιο-πολιτισμικής διαφοράς, καθώς και τις επιπτώσεις τους στις εμπειρίες των αθλητριών και στον τρόπο που διαπραγματεύονται τις ταυτότητες τους. Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή διερευνά θέματα φύλου, κουλτούρας και ταυτότητας στο τζούντο μέσα από το πρίσμα του cultural praxis και φεμινιστικών μεταδομιστικών πλαισίων. Στόχος ήταν να διερευνηθεί με ποιους τρόπους το πολιτισμικό πλαίσιο διαμορφώνει τις εμπειρίες και τις ταυτότητες των γυναικών τζουντόκα (αθλήτριες τζούντο). Τέθηκαν δύο συγκεκριμένοι στόχοι: να ανιχνευθούν οι λόγοι (συστήματα γνώσης) μέσω των οποίων οι γυναίκες τζουντόκα αρθρώνουν και νοηματοδοτούν τις εμπειρίες τους, και να αναπτυχθεί μια θεωρητικά τεκμηριωμένη αναλυτική κατανόηση του πώς κατασκευάζουν τις ταυτότητές τους μέσω της διαπραγμάτευσης κοινωνιο-πολιτισμικών πεποιθήσεων και στερεοτύπων φύλου. Χρησιμοποιήθηκε μια εθνογραφική προσέγγιση και τα δεδομένα συγκεντρώθηκαν κατά τη διάρκεια έρευνας πεδίου στην Ελλάδα και τη Φινλανδία. Σε συνδυασμό με συμμετεχική-παρατήρηση, ημιδομημένες συνεντεύξεις με 10 γυναίκες τζουντόκα ηλικίας 17-40 ετών πραγματοποιήθηκαν στην Ελλάδα και εννέα ημιδομημένες συνεντεύξεις μεγυναίκες τζουντόκα ηλικίας 20-49 ετών διεξήχθησαν στη Φινλανδία. Η λογοαναλυτική διαδικασία που ακολουθήθηκε αποκάλυψε αρκετούς λόγους σχετικούς με τους τρόπους με τους οποίους οι γυναίκες τζουντόκα αντιλαμβάνονται τον εαυτό τους και τις εμπειρίες τους, και συγκεκριμένα, έναν λόγος γυναικείας βιολογικής κατωτερότητας, λόγους ιδανικής θηλυκότητας, έναν πατριαρχικό λόγος για τους ρόλους των φύλων, έναν λόγο για την ισότητα των φύλων και λόγους αθλητικής απόδοσης και ελίτ και μαζικού αθλητισμού. Σε αυτή τη διατριβή, συζητώ τους διαφορετικούς και παρόμοιους τρόπους με τους οποίους οι Ελληνίδες και οι Φινλανδέζες αθλήτριες υπόκεινται σε αυτούς του λόγους. Σε σχέση με τις θέσεις υποκειμένου που τους προσφέρονται, οι γυναίκες τζουντόκα κατασκευάζουν στρατηγικά πολλαπλές (και συχνά αντικρουόμενες) ταυτότητες, που η καθεμία εξυπηρετεί διαφορετικούς σκοπούς. Αποδομώ την "πετυχημένη και θηλυκή αθλήτρια" και την "φυσικά γεννημένη μαχήτρια" για να δείξω πώς η επιτέλεση ορισμένων ταυτοτήτων συμβάλλουν στην αναπαραγωγή έμφυλων ιεραρχιών και ανισοτήτων. Καταλήγω στο συμπέρασμα ότι υπάρχει ανάγκη για παρεμβάσεις λόγου για να προχωρήσουμε προς την ισοτιμία των φύλων στις πολεμικές τέχνες και τα μαχητικά αθλήματα.
New Avenues in Stakeholder Governance
Authors: Hargrave Timothy , Smith Jeffery
Published: February 2024

Bridoux and Stoelhorst (2022) employ Nobel laureate Elinor Ostrom’s institutional design principles to develop two models of stakeholder governance. They argue that these “community governance” models will help achieve a fairer distribution of stakeholder value compared with approaches that centralize governance in the hands of management. We identify four characteristics, however, that thwart any straightforward application of these community governance models to business firms: ease of exit; lack of legacy social capital; heterogeneity of interests; and power imbalances. We then conclude, following Ostrom herself, that governance often requires external institutional arrangements that stakeholder theorists have not fully appreciated.
Third War of Independence? The Anti-Colonial Dynamics of Ukraine’s Politics of Memory after 2014 on the Example of the National Museum of the History of Ukraine in the Second World War in Kyiv
Authors: Stryjek Tomasz , Markowska-Marczak Barbara , Konieczna-Sałamatin Joanna
Published: February 2024

The article discusses the transformation of Ukraine from a peripheral colony to a European nation-state. It examines changes in the interpretation of UkrainianRussian relations in historiography, public perceptions, and museum exhibitions related to the ongoing war. It demonstrates that since 24 February 2022, Ukraine’s politics of memory has exclusively followed a continuously expanding anti-colonial perspective. The article highlights a shift in Ukrainian society’s view of its past, with growing interest in the country’s history and a move away from the Soviet perspective. Museums are crucial in shaping these narrative changes and fostering Ukrainian national identity. The article also explores societal transformations since 1991, showing an increased identification with the state and a gradual distancing from Russia. This is accompanied by a westward turn in geopolitical orientation and a desire to join the European Union. The National Museum of History of Ukraine in the Second World War in Kyiv serves as an example of these processes, reflecting a nuanced portrayal of the war and of its human dimension. The museum’s commitment can be seen as a pillar of a nation-state building project, with symbolic identification shifting from the East to the West, towards the EU and NATO.
Crossing Barriers – Growing Barriers. Jews in Late Medieval Warsaw
Authors: Bartoszewicz Agnieszka
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the question of the existence of the Jewish community and the barriers between Jews and non-Jews in the Old Warsaw from the 1420s to the 1520s. The contact points and areas of the two communities, as well as the tools used to communicate between them, are distinguished. Firstly, Jewish property in the space of Old Warsaw, as well as neighbouring and economic contacts, are noticed. Then, the presence of Jews both from Warsaw and other towns and regions in court sessions is analysed. Local and Lithuanian or Volhynian Jews appeared in the Old Warsaw town hall. However, the most important place for official meetings of Warsaw Jews with the Christian community was the court for nobles. It is visible that the first half of the fifteenth century was a unique period with a far-reaching agreement between the Christian inhabitants of Warsaw and its surroundings and the members of the local Jewish community. Within the linguistic area, the communication tools were Polish and German, while Latin, possibly familiar to some Jews, was not a significant communication barrier. Hebrew had its position in the bureaucratic system as well. The protection of the local duke secured a relatively harmonious economic cooperation, which was fostered by the then economic situation of Mazovia. The mid-fifteenth century brought a violent turn, which was influenced by the changes in the political and economic situation, as well as the religious atmosphere. Warsaw burghers started to perceive the Jews as competition, as ‘others’, and began to approach them with growing hostility.
The role of inositol in improving fertility in patients with PCOS
Authors: Turek Kamila , Greguła Anna , Stachyrak Karol , Mika Dawid , Kłos Aleksandra , Mazur Bartosz , Lambach Maciej , Pawlicki Mateusz , Mazurek Aleksandra , Wilanowska Wiktoria
Published: February 2024

Introduction and purpose

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common reproductive disorder, accompanied primarily by hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. Myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI), have emerged as potential therapeutic agents due to their role as insulin sensitizers. This article examines the effects of inositol therapy on fertility in women with PCOS and its role in assisted reproductive technology (ART). Studies suggest that inositols alleviate irregular menstruation, reduce androgen levels and positively affect ovulation rates. MI supplementation has also shown positive effects during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and IVF procedures, reducing the required FSH dose and cycle length. However, despite positive results on ovulation and menstrual regularity, the article indicates the need for further studies to establish inositol as standard ART therapy in patients with PCOS.

Material and methods

The following review was based on articles from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Key search terms included polycystic ovary syndrome; assisted reproductive treatment, insulin resistance, inositols, Myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol.

Conclusions

Inositols are a promising therapeutic option for women with PCOS.  They have been shown to have positive effects on improving insulin sensitivity and fertility. However, despite inositol's safety and easy availability, the ideal dose and timing of use, the appropriate MI/DCI ratio, as well as the potential side effects of excess DCI and the problem of inositol resistance, require further comprehensive studies.
If You’re Happy, Then You Know It: The Logic of Happiness . . . and Sadness
Authors: Azimipour Sanaz , Naumov Pavel
Published: February 2024

The article proposes a formal semantics of happiness and sadness modalities in the imperfect information setting. It shows that these modalities are not definable through each other and gives a sound and complete axiomatization of their properties.
Tendencias y previsiones de innovación en la realización audiovisual y retransmisión de eventos deportivos: optimización de la experiencia de usuario en DAZN y Movistar Plus+ .
Authors: Fieiras Ceide César , Ufarte Ruíz María José
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar las tendencias y previsiones de innovación en la realización audiovisual, así como analizar la retransmisión y la experiencia de usuario en el consumo de eventos deportivos. El enfoque de la investigación es de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo, con una metodología cualitativa basada en el estudio de casos enfocado a dos plataformas: DAZN y Movistar Plus+. El estudio se combina con entrevistas semiestructuradas en profundidad a directores editoriales, gerentes y jefe de medios de ambas marcas. Los resultados revelan que los eventos deportivos son un espacio referente para la experimentación de técnicas de realización audiovisual y retransmisión en directo, a lo que se une la optimización de la experiencia de usuario en la fase de distribución, visualización e interacción con las propuestas de contenidos.
El tratamiento informativo de China en la prensa española: Análisis de temas, marcos y estereotipos.
Authors: Zhang Huiyou , Chaparro-Domínguez María-Ángeles , Segado-Boj Francisco
Published: February 2024

La investigación analiza el trabajo de 228 mujeres reporteras de guerra que han cubierto un conflicto armado desde 1914 hasta 2021. El estudio aplica la técnica de la investigación-acción, construyendo así el primer directorio interactivo e infográfico de mujeres corresponsales de guerra. Como resultado se muestra la necesidad de dar visibilización a las mujeres reporteras en zonas de conflicto y a la feminización del periodismo en primera línea de combate
Violencia contra las mujeres en las noticias de portada: invisibilidad y alienación.
Authors: Chalá-Mejía Priscila , Fernanda Moncayo María
Published: February 2024

Tomando como referencia el esquema de los tres mensajes, propuesto por Roland Barthes, se analizan las portadas de dos periódicos ecuatorianos (uno generalista y otro sensacionalista) para conocer cómo presentaron en sus portadas una noticia sobre una violación a una adolescente en un autobús escolar. Los hallazgos sugieren que las imágenes invisibilizan desde la presencia y que el lenguaje lo hace desde la negación de la agencia de las mujeres.
Camuflaje militar, tecnología digital y régimen visual. Un análisis del reportaje La historia detrás del camuflaje digital ‘chino’ que está revolucionando los tanques de guerra.
Authors: Abbruzzese Mariángela
Published: February 2024

La apariencia del camuflaje militar se ha transformado con la tecnología digital; los diseños de figuras orgánicas han sido reemplazados por nuevos patrones, en su mayoría caracterizados por una estética pixelada. El objetivo de este artículo es demostrar que, el camuflaje militar pixelado, es un procedimiento específico del hacer visible y de la administración de la mirada (Abril, 2012), que responde a las pretensiones de control y vigilancia ejercidas desde estructuras disciplinares político-corporativas.
Supercharged by Advanced Analytics, JD.com Attains Agility, Resilience, and Shared Value Across Its Supply Chain
Authors: Hu Hao , Qi Yongzhi , Lee Hau L. , Shen Zuo-Jun Max , Liu Curtis , Zhu Weimeng , Kang Ningxuan
Published: February 2024

JD.com utilizes advanced analytical techniques to strengthen its supply chain capability. The end-to-end inventory management model, intelligent risk management system and consumer-to-manufacturer system are implemented to attain agility, resilience and shared value. These efforts have led to significant revenue increases, cost savings, and value creation across the retail ecosystem, benefiting consumers and business partners.
A Better Match for Drivers and Riders: Reinforcement Learning at Lyft
Authors: Azagirre Xabi , Balwally Akshay , Candeli Guillaume , Chamandy Nicholas , Han Benjamin , King Alona , Lee Hyungjun , Loncaric Martin , Martin Sébastien , Narasiman Vijay , Qin Zhiwei (Tony) , Richard Baptiste , Smoot Sara , Taylor Sean , van Ryzin Garrett , Wu Di , Yu Fei , Zamoshchin Alex
Published: February 2024

We used reinforcement learning to improve how Lyft matches drivers and riders. The change was implemented globally and led to more than $30 million per year in incremental driver revenue.
Meituan’s Real-Time Intelligent Dispatching Algorithms Build the World’s Largest Minute-Level Delivery Network
Authors: Liang Yile , Luo Haocheng , Duan Haining , Li Donghui , Liao Hongsen , Feng Jie , Zhao Jiuxia , Ren Hao , Ding Xuetao , Cha Ying , Zhou Qingte , Situ Chenqi , Hao Jinghua , Xing Ke , Yin Feifan , He Renqing , Sun Yang , Zheng Yueqiang , Feng Yipeng , Sun Zhizhao , Chen Jingfang , Zheng Jie , Wang Ling
Published: February 2024

Over the past decade, Meituan, China’s premier online food delivery (OFD) platform, has witnessed remarkable growth. Central to this expansion is its state-of-the-art real-time intelligent dispatch system. This advanced system harnesses the power of operations research and machine learning algorithms to fine-tune order assignments, simultaneously addressing the needs of consumers, couriers, merchants, and the platform itself.
AS TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO E O PROCESSO ARBITRAL TRIBUTÁRIO EM PORTUGAL
Authors: Fernandes da Costa Suzana , Araújo Ana Martins
Published: February 2024

O processo arbitral tributário português constitui um meio alternativo de resolução de litígios em matéria tributária inovador e é um exemplo de sucesso a nível internacional. Criado pelo Decreto-Lei n.º 10/2011, de 20 de janeiro, constitui uma alternativa relevante à jurisdição fiscal de primeira instância exercida pelos tribunais institucionais do Estado, nos processos abrangidos pelo disposto no artigo 2.º do RJAT (Regime Jurídico da Arbitragem em Matéria Tributária).

O processo arbitral assenta numa utilização intensiva dos meios eletrónicos, nomeadamente da plataforma existente no site do CAAD, o que se traduz numa desmaterialização do processo. A utilização das novas tecnologias e algumas regras específicas do regime da arbitragem permite que o tempo médio de conclusão dos processos ronde os cinco meses.  

Nesta comunicação analisaremos de que forma o processo arbitral se tramita e até que ponto é que as novas tecnologias marcam cada uma das suas fases. Veremos que o uso dos meios eletrónicos potencia uma maior eficiência em matéria de produção de prova, livre organização do processo e dispensa de algumas formalidades face aos tribunais tributários tradicionais.
A TRAJETÓRIA NORMATIVA DA MEDIAÇÃO: UM DIÁLOGO ENTRE BRASIL E ITÁLIA
Authors: Braz Bezerra Tássio Túlio , Marion Spengler Fabiana
Published: February 2024

A retomada contemporânea da mediação é um processo diversificado e que sofre significativa influência dos sistemas jurídicos nacionais existentes em cada país. É importante reconhecer que a diversificação das práticas de mediação nos diferentes países se singulariza a partir de dois fatores que se pode destacar como determinantes: o contexto histórico de desenvolvimento da mediação e a regulamentação normativa. Dito isso, o artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar o desenvolvimento da mediação na Itália, com enfoque na regulação normativa, a fim de promover diálogo com a mediação no Brasil. Nessa perspectiva, a presente pesquisa se justifica pela semelhança entre os sistemas de regulação social do Brasil e da Itália, visto que ambos podem ser considerados como Estados que constituem exemplos típicos de países que adotam como matriz jurídica o civil law. Assim, faz-se uma importante contraposição ao modelo norte-americano de mediação, alicerçado em sistema jurídico característico do common law. Nesse sentido, o trabalho busca responder ao seguinte problema: quais as singularidades do percurso normativo da mediação no Brasil e na Itália? Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo descritivo, com abordagem comparativa, sobre o desenvolvimento do instituto da mediação no Brasil e na Itália, com especial destaque para a análise do contexto histórico e dos marcos normativos. Ao final, foi possível identificar: a influência do modelo norte-americano no desenvolvimento da mediação no Brasil e na Itália; a origem externa ao Poder Legislativo nacional da regulamentação normativa do instituto; significativas diferenças conceituais sobre a mediação e conciliação; por fim, a existência de distintas possibilidades de emprego do instituto, segundo a natureza dos direitos objeto do conflito. Assim, apesar da similaridade dos sistemas jurídicos, e da forte influência estadunidense, pode-se concluir que a mediação no Brasil e na Itália se desenvolveu de maneira bastante singular em cada um dos países, apresentando apenas alguns pontos de contato.
Flag-shaped blockers of 123-avoiding permutation matrices
Authors: Bennett Megan , Cao Lei
Published: February 2024

A blocker of $123$-avoiding permutation matrices refers to the set of zeros contained within an $n\times n$ $123$-forcing matrix. Recently, Brualdi and Cao provided a characterization of all minimal blockers, which are blockers with a cardinality of $n$. Building upon their work, a new type of blocker, flag-shaped blockers, which can be seen as a generalization of the $L$-shaped blockers defined by Brualdi and Cao, are introduced. It is demonstrated that all flag-shaped blockers are minimum blockers. The possible cardinalities of flag-shaped blockers are also determined, and the dimensions of subpolytopes that are defined by flag-shaped blockers are examined.
AFFORDANCES EM DOCUMENTÁRIOS COMO INDUTORES DE EQUÍVOCOS DE INTERPRETAÇÃO DE ESTUDANTES
Authors: EDUARDO LABURÚ CARLOS , HENRIQUE MOURA DA SILVA OSMAR , Sérgio de Camargo Filho Paulo , DE FREITAS ZÔMPERO ANDREA
Published: February 2024

O conceito semiótico de affordance negativo vem sendo direcionado para a área de educação científica com a finalidade de identificar características impróprias de equipamentos e experimentos que tendem a levar aprendizes a cometerem equívocos conceituais e de ação devido a seus designs. Este estudo avança em relação a esses estudos e mostra que a ideia de affordances negativos é capaz de se estender para filmes de gênero documentário, muitas vezes usados como material didático complementar durante o ensino. Tendo isso em vista, um trecho de documentário de história da física é examinado a partir da leitura de affordances negativos e, com isso, se faz ver que o trecho apresenta potencial para direcionar, espectadores e estudantes para entendimentos equivocados para os quais o filme não pretendia transmitir.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A TEORIA DOS CAMPOS CONCEITUAIS NO ENSINO DE FÍSICA
Authors: Rosas Meireles Emmely Ketlem , Chaves Meireles Evelym , Pereira da Silva Lúcio Fábio
Published: February 2024

Neste ensaio apresentam-se reflexões acerca da Teoria dos Campos Conceituais, objetivando evidenciar seus impactos e contribuições para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem da disciplina de Física no contexto da Educação Básica. O estudo surge da necessidade de fornecer uma base teórica sólida, com foco tanto no ensino quanto na aprendizagem, para potencializar as abordagens didáticas no ensino da Física. Inicialmente apresentam-se informações acerca do estado atual do ensino de Física, destacando seus desafios e problemas. Em seguida, dialoga-se sobre a Teoria dos Campos Conceituais e suas orientações didáticas para nortear as práticas pedagógicas dos professores e promover situações de aprendizagem mais significativas aos estudantes.
UMA ANÁLISE DAS DEFINIÇÕES DE FLUXO DE UM VETOR EM FONTES DIDÁTICAS
Authors: Correia Jornandes Jesús
Published: February 2024

Objetiva-se investigar em fontes didáticas a definição de Fluxo de um Vetor. As etapas de investigação são: inventário das fontes; formulação das hipóteses; análise das definições; e conclusão. A investigação das definições se procedeu nas seguintes fontes didáticas: dicionários; livros didáticos de nível médio e de nível superior; e sites da internet. De acordo com o Teorema de Ostrogradski-Gauss, inconsistências foram encontradas nas estruturas lógicas dos textos das definições da maioria dos textos analisados. Tais inconsistências podem dar origem a obstáculos epistemológicos, de modo a comprometer a aprendizagem significativa sobre o fluxo de uma grandeza vetorial.
Self-tests for COVID-19: What is the evidence? A living systematic review and meta-analysis (2020–2023)
Authors: Anand Apoorva , Vialard Fiorella , Esmail Aliasgar , Ahmad Khan Faiz , O’Byrne Patrick , Routy Jean-Pierre , Dheda Keertan , Pant Pai Nitika
Published: February 2024

COVID-19 self-testing strategy (COVIDST) can rapidly identify symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals and their contacts, potentially reducing transmission. In this living systematic review, we evaluated the evidence for real-world COVIDST performance. Two independent reviewers searched six databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, World Health Organization database, Cochrane COVID-19 registry, Europe PMC) for the period April 1st, 2020, to January 18th, 2023. Data on studies evaluating COVIDST against laboratory-based conventional testing and reported on diagnostic accuracy, feasibility, acceptability, impact, and qualitative outcomes were abstracted. Bivariate random effects meta-analyses of COVIDST accuracy were performed (n = 14). Subgroup analyses (by sampling site, symptomatic/asymptomatic infection, supervised/unsupervised strategy, with/without digital supports) were conducted. Data from 70 included studies, conducted across 25 countries with a median sample size of 817 (range: 28–784,707) were pooled. Specificity and DOR was high overall, irrespective of subgroups (98.37–99.71%). Highest sensitivities were reported for: a) symptomatic individuals (73.91%, 95%CI: 68.41–78.75%; n = 9), b) mid-turbinate nasal samples (77.79%, 95%CI: 56.03–90.59%; n = 14), c) supervised strategy (86.67%, 95%CI: 59.64–96.62%; n = 13), and d) use of digital interventions (70.15%, 95%CI: 50.18–84.63%; n = 14). Lower sensitivity was attributed to absence of symptoms, errors in test conduct and absence of supervision or a digital support. We found no difference in COVIDST sensitivity between delta and omicron pre-dominant period. Digital supports increased confidence in COVIDST reporting and interpretation (n = 16). Overall acceptability was 91.0–98.7% (n = 2) with lower acceptability reported for daily self-testing (39.5–51.1%). Overall feasibility was 69.0–100.0% (n = 5) with lower feasibility (35.9–64.6%) for serial self-testing. COVIDST decreased closures in school, workplace, and social events (n = 4). COVIDST is an effective rapid screening strategy for home-, workplace- or school-based screening, for symptomatic persons, and for preventing transmission during outbreaks. These data will guide COVIDST policy. Our review demonstrates that COVIDST has paved the way for self-testing in pandemics worldwide.
A cluster-randomized trial of client and provider-directed financial interventions to align incentives with appropriate case management in retail medicine outlets: Results of the TESTsmART Trial in western Kenya
Authors: Laktabai Jeremiah , Kimachas Emmah , Kipkoech Joseph , Menya Diana , Arthur David , Zhou Yunji , Chepkwony Tabitha , Abel Lucy , Robie Emily , Amunga Mark , Ambani George , Woldeghebriel Meley , Garber Elizabeth , Eze Nwamaka , Mudabai Pamela , Gallis John A. , Fashanu Chizoba , Saran Indrani , Woolsey Aaron , Visser Theodoor , Turner Elizabeth L. , Prudhomme O’Meara Wendy
Published: February 2024

ACTs are responsible for a substantial proportion of the global reduction in malaria mortality over the last ten years, made possible by publicly-funded subsidies making these drugs accessible and affordable in the private sector. However, inexpensive ACTs available in retail outlets have contributed substantially to overconsumption. We test an innovative, scalable strategy to target ACT-subsidies to clients with a confirmatory diagnosis. We supported malaria testing(mRDTs) in 39 medicine outlets in western Kenya, randomized to three study arms; control arm offering subsidized mRDT testing (0.4USD), client-directed intervention where all clients who received a positive RDT at the outlet were eligible for a free (fully-subsidized) ACT, and a combined client and provider directed intervention where clients with a positive RDT were eligible for free ACT and outlets received 0.1USD for every RDT performed. Our primary outcome was the proportion of ACT dispensed to individuals with a positive diagnostic test. Secondary outcomes included proportion of clients tested at the outlet and adherence to diagnostic test results. 43% of clients chose to test at the outlet. Test results informed treatment decisions, resulting in targeting of ACTs to confirmed malaria cases– 25.3% of test-negative clients purchased an ACT compared to 75% of untested clients. Client-directed and client+provider-directed interventions did not offer further improvements, compared to the control arm, in testing rates(RD = 0.09, 95%CI:-0.08,0.26) or dispensing of ACTs to test-positive clients(RD = 0.01,95% CI:-0.14, 0.16). Clients were often unaware of the price they paid for the ACT leading to uncertainty in whether the ACT subsidy was passed on to the client. This uncertainty undermines our ability to definitively conclude that client-directed subsidies are not effective for improving testing and appropriate treatment. We conclude that mRDTs could reduce ACT overconsumption in the private retail sector, but incentive structures are difficult to scale and their value to private providers is uncertain.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04428307.
Individual evaluation of fatigue at work to enhance the safety performance in the construction industry: A systematic review
Authors: Heng Pei Pei , Mohd Yusoff Hanizah , Hod Rozita
Published: February 2024

The construction industry is recognized as one of the most hazardous industries globally due to the dynamic on site activities and labour-intensive characteristics. The construction tasks are physically and cognitively demanding therefore the construction workers are prone to work fatigue which compromises safety performance. The evaluation of fit for duty, or fitness for work (FFW) aims to determine if workers are at risk of adverse impacts of ill-health, injury or accidents. This systematic review aimed to critically summarize up-to-date measures and evaluation tools that were employed to monitor work fitness or fatigue specifically among construction workers. Adhering with the PRISMA protocol, three databases were searched from the inception to 2022, with a total combination of 37 keywords, concluding to the selection of 20 relevant articles. The Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used as the guide for the study appraisal. A total of 20 articles were reviewed, published from 2008–2022. Majority of the studies employed experimental design. The review identified the subjective evaluation scales and objective measurement tool. The subjective self-response questionnaires can be categorized into single dimension or multidimension covering both physical and mental fitness; whereas the objective measurement tool can be categorized into physiological metrics, physical and cognitive performance measure. The available scientific evidence has raised the relevant issues for on-site practicality and potentially guide the formulation of evidence-based guidelines for the FFW assessment in the construction industry.
The causal effects of age at menarche and age at menopause on sepsis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Guo Na , Zhang Lu , He Nannan , Guo Hong , Liu Jian
Published: February 2024

Objectives

To determine whether the age at menarche (AAM) and the age at menopause (ANM) are causally related to the development of sepsis.

Methods

We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis by utilizing summary statistics from genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets for both the exposure and outcome variables. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that exhibited significant associations with AAM and ANM were chosen as instrumental variables to estimate the causal effects on sepsis. Our study employed a variety of methods, including MR-Egger regression, weighted median estimation, inverse variance weighting, a simple model, and a weighted model. Odds ratios (ORs) along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as the primary indicators for assessing causality. Furthermore, we conducted sensitivity analyses to explore the presence of genetic heterogeneity and validate the robustness of the tools employed.

Result

Our analysis revealed a significant negative causal relationship between AAM and the risk of sepsis (IVW: OR = 0.870, 95% CI = 0.793–0.955, P = 0.003). However, our Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis did not yield sufficient evidence to support a causal link between ANM and sepsis (IVW: OR = 0.987, 95% CI = 0.971–1.004, P = 0.129).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that an earlier AAM may be associated with an increased risk of sepsis. However, we did not find sufficient evidence to support a causal relationship between ANM and sepsis.
Validation and applicability of the music ear test on a large Chinese sample
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Ren Xiubo , Wang Shidan , Yang Dan , Liu Shilin , Li Meihui , Yang Mingyi , Liu Yintong , Xu Qiujian
Published: February 2024

In the context of extensive disciplinary integration, researchers worldwide have increasingly focused on musical ability. However, despite the wide range of available music ability tests, there remains a dearth of validated tests applicable to China. The Music Ear Test (MET) is a validated scale that has been reported to be potentially suitable for cross-cultural distribution in a Chinese sample. However, no formal translation and cross-cultural reliability/validity tests have been conducted for the Chinese population in any of the studies using the Music Ear Test. This study aims to assess the factor structure, convergence, predictiveness, and validity of the Chinese version of the MET, based on a large sample of Chinese participants (n≥1235). Furthermore, we seek to determine whether variables such as music training level, response pattern, and demographic data such as gender and age have intervening effects on the results. In doing so, we aim to provide clear indications of musical aptitude and expertise by validating an existing instrument, the Music Ear Test, and provide a valid method for further understanding the musical abilities of the Chinese sample.
An assessment of factors for the cruise port of call selection: The modified fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Nguyen Thang Quyet , Doan Quynh Manh , Ngo Lan Thi Tuyet
Published: February 2024

Improving cruise ports of call is essential for enhancing the overall cruise experience for passengers, promoting tourism, and supporting the economic development of the regions served by these ports. Therefore, this article aims to assess selection factors (SFs) for the cruise port of call from the perspective of cruise operators (COs) and port operators (POs). In doing so, this paper first identifies SFs for the cruise port of call and establishes their hierarchical structure thanks to the extensive literature and expert brainstorming. Afterwards, The Modified Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (MFAHP) is developed to gauge the discrepancy in SFs between COs and POs. Empirical results from MFAHP pinpoint two significant SFs for POs to improve and attract their customers: customs, immigration control and quarantine (CIQ), and incentive measures. Besides, theoretical and managerial implications, and potential limitations for the next research are discussed.
To treat or not to treat: Assessing the role of anti-enterococcal therapy for intra-abdominal infections in patients with cancer
Authors: Akazawa Nana , Itoh Naoya , Mano-Usui Fumika , Tatsuoka Hisato , Terada Norihiko , Kurai Hanako
Published: February 2024

The clinical significance of enterococci in intra-abdominal infections, particularly those caused by multiple organisms, remains unclear. There are no definitive guidelines regarding the use of empiric therapy with antimicrobial agents targeting enterococci. In this study, we evaluated the impact of the initial antimicrobial therapy administration of anti-enterococcal agents on the treatment of intra-abdominal infections in patients with cancer in whom enterococci were isolated from ascitic fluid cultures. This retrospective study was conducted at Shizuoka Cancer Center between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2020, on all adult patients with cancer with enterococci in their ascitic fluid cultures. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcomes were composite outcomes consisting of three components (mortality, recurrence, and treatment failure) and the risk factors associated with all-cause mortality and composite outcomes. In total, 103 patients were included: 61 received treatment covering enterococci, and 42 did not. The mortality rates did not differ significantly between the treated and untreated groups (treated: 8/61 [13.1%]; untreated: 5/42 [11.9%]; p = 1.00). Additionally, no significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of composite outcomes (treated group: 11/61 [18.0%]; untreated group: 9/42 [21.4%]; p = 0.80). Multivariate analysis showed that performance status (PS2–4; p < 0.0001) was an independent risk factor for mortality. The composite outcome was also significantly higher for PS2–4 (p = 0.007). Anti-enterococcal treatment was not associated with mortality or the composite outcome. In patients with cancer and intra-abdominal infections caused by enterococci, anti-enterococcal therapy was not associated with prognosis, whereas PS2 or higher was associated with prognosis. The results of this study suggest that the initial routine administration of anti-enterococcal agents for intra-abdominal infections may not be essential for all patients with cancer. To substantiate these findings, validation by a prospective randomized trial is warranted.
Why People May View Online Crimes as Less Criminal: Exploring the Perception of Cybercrime
Authors: Sarfi Majid , Darvishii Morteza , Zohouri Mostafa
Published: February 2024

This qualitative research explores the perceptions of cybercrime among adults and investigates the factors influencing their potential motivations for participating in online activities that could be deemed illegal or criminal. The study involved panel discussions with master's students from diverse international backgrounds at the University of Tehran. Thematic analysis was utilized to examine the opinions and justifications presented by the participants. The primary objective of this article is to shed light on the ways in which people conceptualize online crimes and rationalize their involvement in illegal online activities, such as illegal downloads and online bullying. The findings contribute to a more profound comprehension of how individuals view cybercrimes, which, in turn, can offer valuable insights for developing targeted educational programs, interventions, and legal frameworks to effectively address this issue.