bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Signification and the Problem of Truth
Authors: Tajsin Emilia A.
Published: October 2023

The great hopes of scientists in various fields, from computer science and mathematics to literature and art criticism, from analytical philosophy to post-structuralism, in the last third of the 20th and first quarter of the 21st centuries are assigned to semiotics, or the general theory of signs, which studies signification and its laws. Signification, or designation (denotation, signalizing, symbolization) is the widest-common procedure in scientific creativity and culture in general.

The scope of the semiotic approach and the abstractness of the categories of semiotics are such that they allow for speaking at least of the theoretical-cognitive, if not ontological, universality of its approaches and the general methodological validity of its tools. One is capable of thinking only on the basis of the semiotic mediation of reality; moreover, the essence of consciousness itself as a whole is reflective, and representative. The recognition of the great informative capacity and value of the basic semiotic concepts, as well as the extreme breadth of the subject of semiotics due to the actual or potential symbolic nature of human science and culture, the instrumental nature of signs and symbols which science, ethics, religion, and art are full of, allows us to hope that semiotics will play, in the near future, the role of a universal manifestor and communicator.
Una constitución para la transición. Las negociaciones entre el partido Radical y el Justicialista para reformar la constitución durante la presidencia de Alfonsín (1983-1989)
Authors: Amorosino Mauro
Published: October 2023

Este artículo busca comprender las razones y mecanismos que permitieron, en un marco histórico de transición desde un régimen autoritario hacia uno democrático, el acercamiento entre los dos partidos mayoritarios de la Argentina, radicalismo y justicialismo, para negociar los cimientos de una reforma constitucional y, asimismo, discernir los motivos que impidieron que dicha reforma pudiese llevarse a cabo durante la presidencia de Alfonsín (1983-1989). La historia de esta reforma inconclusa será el producto de una época de transformaciones e ideales acotados en la práctica por la realidad de un contexto económico sumamente adverso y coercitivo. Nacerá al calor de luchas partidarias (internas y externas) que encontraron en la modificación de la Constitución un momento para negociar intereses contrapuestos, imponer visiones sobre el sistema político futuro y posibilitar la oportunidad de darle un marco normativo y de valores a la transición que estaban viviendo.
Functions of the state: genesis of the concept
Authors: Бредихин А.Л.
Published: October 2023

В статье анализируется история формирования категории «функции государства», определяются политико-правовые условия ее становления. Отмечается, что эта дефиниция возникла в русле советской правовой науки и не получила разработки в западном государствоведении. Выделяются особенности теории функций социалистического государства, дается их краткая характеристика. Отдельное внимание уделяется вопросу выработки универсального понятия функций государства, которое соответствовало бы современному государственному строю России.

The article analyzes history of the formation of the category “state function” and defines political and legal conditions of its formation. It is noted that this definition originated in the mainstream of Soviet legal science and has not been developed in Western state studies. Features of the theory of functions of the socialist state are highlighted, their brief description is given. Particular attention is paid to the issue of developing a universal concept of state functions that would correspond to the modern Russian state system.
Certain features of investigative actions related to the seizure and copying of information from electronic media
Authors: Крымов А.А. , Мазанова Р.А.
Published: October 2023

В статье анализируются вопросы, связанные с изъятием электронных носителей в ходе производства следственных действий и копированием с них доказательственной информации. Отсутствие четких процессуальных требований к копированию информации и изъятию их носителей в настоящее время остается одной из существенных проблем производства следственных действий в частности и в решении вопросов законного, всестороннего и объективного разрешения дела по существу в целом.

The article analyzes issues related to the seizure of electronic media during the production of investigative actions and the copying of evidentiary information from them. A lack of clear procedural requirements for copying information and removing their carriers currently remains one of the significant problems of conducting investigative actions in particular and solving issues of legal, comprehensive and objective resolution of the case on the merits as a whole.
Responsibility for non-payment of funds for the maintenance of children or disabled parents (Article 157 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)
Authors: Кузнецов А.П.
Published: October 2023

В статье с использованием многочисленных доктринальных источников, судебной практики, нормативных правовых актов рассматриваются вопросы уголовной ответственности за преступные посягательства на семью и несовершеннолетних, включая ответственность за неуплату средств на содержание детей или нетрудоспособных родителей, раскрываются объективные и субъективные признаки составов преступлений, включенных в ст. 157 УК РФ, исследуются криминообразующие признаки, включенные в ее диспозицию, предлагаются варианты формулирования в ней преступных деяний.

On the basis of numerous doctrinal sources, judicial practice, and regulatory legal acts, the article considers issues of criminal liability for criminal encroachments on the family and minors, including responsibility for non-payment of funds for the maintenance of children or disabled parents, reveals objective and subjective elements of crimes provided for in Article 157 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, describes criminalizing elements included in its disposition, and proposes options for the formulation of criminal acts in it.
Correlation of the concept “extremism” in international and Russian law
Authors: Мрвич Н.В. , Шулепов М.Т.
Published: October 2023

В данной статье рассмотрены вопросы, возникающие при изучении и анализе законодательных материалов антиэкстремистской направленности международного права и права Российской Федерации. Вы- являются и исследуются критерии разграничения понятия «экстремизм», включенные в федеральный закон «О противодействии экстремистской деятельности» и международные договоры, регулирующие борьбу с экстремистской деятельностью. Рассмотрены и раскрыты особенности законодательства Российской Федерации в части противодействия экстремизму в отношении норм международного права.

This article discusses the issues arisen when studying legislative materials of the anti-extremist orientation of international and domestic law. The criteria for distinguishing the concept “extremism” included in the federal law “On countering extremist activity” and international treaties regulating the fight against extremist activity are identified and studied. The specifics of the Russian legislation in terms of countering extremism in relation to the norms of international law are considered and disclosed.
Inevitability of criminal liability in law, theory and law enforcement practice
Authors: Силкин В.П.
Published: October 2023

В статье рассмотрены проблемные аспекты принципа неотвратимости уголовной ответственности. Приведена научная дискуссия по во- просу содержания данного принципа и отражения его в законе. Подчеркнута исключительная роль принципа неотвратимости не только при назначении уголовного наказания, но и при решении вопроса об освобождении от уголовной ответственности. Констатированы и обоснованы выводы о нарушении рассматриваемого принципа при регистрации и расследовании преступлений. Приведены примеры нарушения судами принципа неотвратимости ответственности при рассмотрении уголовных дел, назначении несправедливых уголовных наказаний. Приведен пример положительного зарубежного опыта отражения в уголовном законе рассматриваемого принципа. Сделан и обоснован вывод о необходимости включения в отечественный уголовный закон принципа неотвратимости уголовной ответственности в редакции, выработанной уголовно-правовой наукой: «Всякое лицо, в действиях или бездействии которого содержится состав преступления, подлежит наказанию или иным мерам воздействия, предусмотренным уголовным законом».

The article discusses problematic aspects of the principle of the inevitability of criminal liability. A scientific discussion is given on the content of this principle and its reflection in the law. The exceptional role of the inevitability principle is emphasized not only in the imposition of criminal punishment, but also in resolving the issue of exemption from criminal liability. Conclusions about the violation of the principle under consideration during the registration and investigation of crimes are stated and substantiated. Examples of the courts’ violation of this principle when considering criminal cases and imposing unfair criminal penalties are given. Positive foreign experience of the reflection of the principle under consideration in the criminal law is described. It is concluded and substantiated that the domestic criminal law should include the principle of the criminal liability inevitability in the wording developed by criminal law science: “Any person whose actions or inaction contain the corpus delicti is subject to punishment or other measures of influence provided for by criminal law”.
Problematic aspects of the execution of punishment in the form of compulsory labor
Authors: Юрова Ю.В. , Патрикеева А.Р.
Published: October 2023

Статья посвящена проблемным вопросам организации исполнения наказания в виде обязательных работ. Предметом здесь выступают теоретические, правовые и организационные аспекты исполнения уголовного наказания в виде обязательных работ. Объектом рассмотрения являются общественные отношения, возникающие в процессе исполнения обязательных работ. Авторы останавливаются на проблемных аспектах служебной деятельности сотрудников уголовно-исполнительных инспекций при исполнении наказания в виде обязательных работ. Делается попытка выявить существующие организационно-правовые проблемы исполнения наказания в виде обязательных работ и сформировать пути их решения. Авторами сформулированы конкретные предложения по внесению изменений в действующее уголовно-исполнительное законодательство по исполнению наказания в виде обязательных работ.

The article considers problematic issues of organizing execution of punishment in the form of compulsory labor. Its subject is theoretical, legal and organizational aspects of the execution of criminal punishment in the form of compulsory labor. The object of consideration is social relations arising in the process of performing mandatory work. The authors dwell on problematic aspects of official activities of employees of criminal executive inspections in the execution of punishment in the form of compulsory labor. An attempt is made to identify current organizational and legal problems of punishment in the form of compulsory work and to develop ways for their solution. The authors formulate proposals to amend current penal legislation in terms of execution of punishment in the form of compulsory labor.
Electoral activity of citizens in municipal elections
Authors: Моторова Н.В.
Published: October 2023

В статье рассматриваются результаты муниципальных выборов последних лет в отдельных субъектах Российской Федерации, при этом подчеркивается значение местного самоуправления как формы публичной власти. На основе статистических данных анализируется электоральная активность граждан Российской Федерации и отмечается низкая вовлеченность их в избирательные процессы на местном уровне. Автором формулируются предложения по совершенствованию законодательства, направленные на повышение явки избирателей на местных выборах.

The article examines results of municipal elections in recent years in certain subjects of the Russian Federation, while emphasizing the importance of local self-government as a form of public power. Based on statistical data, the electoral activity of citizens of the Russian Federation is analyzed and their low involvement in electoral processes at the local level is noted. The author formulates proposals for improving legislation aimed at increasing voter turnout in local elections.
On the issue of countering investigation of crimes against life and health committed by convicts in correctional institutions and measures to overcome it
Authors: Дечкин О.М.
Published: October 2023

Статья посвящена противодействию в ходе расследования преступлений против жизни и здоровья, совершенных осужденными в исправительных учреждениях, и мерам по его преодолению. С использованием эмпирических данных определены основные субъекты противодействия расследованию анализируемых преступных деяний, а также раскрыты не- которые приемы, используемые ими, которые в зависимости от конкретной ситуации могут быть единичными или комбинированными. Факты противодействия расследованию в условиях исправительного учреждения выявляются и нейтрализуются с помощью комплекса организационных, криминалистических, оперативно-розыскных, режимных и иных мер, используемых на всем протяжении расследования при активном взаимодействии дознавателя, следователя с сотрудниками ФСИН России.

The article considers counteraction to investigation of crimes against life and health committed by convicts in correctional institutions and measures to overcome it. Using empirical data, the author identifies key subjects of counteraction to investigation of the analyzed criminal acts and discloses some of their techniques, which, depending on the specific situation, may be single or combined. The facts of counteraction to investigation in conditions of a correctional institution are determined and neutralized with the help of a complex of organizational, forensic, operational-search, regime and other measures used throughout the investigation with active interaction of the inquirer, investigator and employees of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia.
Activities of correctional officers to prevent illegal trafficking of prohibited items
Authors: Румянцев Н.В. , Костарев Д.Ф.
Published: October 2023

В статье авторами проанализированы административно- правовые механизмы, используемые в исправительных учреждениях и следственных изоляторах для предотвращения поступления запрещенных предметов. Рассмотрены организационные аспекты служебной деятельности сотрудников, отвечающих за осуществление мероприятий по предотвращению поступления запрещенных предметов. Один из основных выводов статьи заключается в том, что существующие правовые меры недостаточно эффективны в предотвращении поступления запрещенных предметов в учреждения ФСИН России. Авторы предлагают внести некоторые изменения в правовые нормы и улучшить организацию работы сотрудников для более эффективного решения данной проблемы.

The article analyzes administrative and legal mechanisms used in correctional institutions and pre-trial detention facilities to prevent the receipt of prohibited items. Organizational aspects of the official activities of penal system employees responsible for the implementation of measures to prevent the receipt of prohibited items are considered. One of the main conclusions of the article is that the existing legal measures are not effective enough in preventing the entry of prohibited items into penitentiary institutions. The authors propose to make some amendments to legal norms and improve organization of the work of penal system employees to address this problem more effectively.
A positively characterized convict and (or) law- abiding citizen
Authors: Савушкин С.М.
Published: October 2023

Для решения вопросов эффективной дифференциации осужденных, которая способствует достижению целей уголовно-исполни- тельного законодательства, необходимо рассмотреть правовую категорию «положительно характеризующийся осужденный». Процесс отбывания наказания должен способствовать созданию предпосылок успешной социальной адаптации осужденного после его освобождения из мест лишения свободы. В статье поднимается проблема, что достаточно часто содержательная сущность признания осужденного положительным ограничивается границами срока лишения свободы.

In order to address issues of effective differentiation of convicts, which contributes to the achievement of penal legislation goals, it is necessary to consider the legal category “positively characterized convict”. The process of serving a sentence should contribute to the creation of prerequisites for successful social adaptation of the convicted person after his/her release from prison. The article raises the problem that the substantive essence of the recognition of a convicted person as positive is often limited by the imprisonment term.
TIMACUM MINUS KAO SREDIŠTE ORIJENTALNIH KULTOVA
Authors:   University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Philosophy, Trifković Dimitrije
Published: October 2023

The Roman settlement Timacum Minus represented a significant religious center in which many monuments and traces of oriental cult practice have been discovered. There are several factors that have positively influenced that occurrence. Timacum Minus was a military center for several Roman military units, an important location on a busy merchant road, and one of the main administrative centers for Roman mining in Upper Moesia. All of this influenced the influx of population from other areas of the Roman Empire, and the appearance of an extremely variegated religious structure. While there are assumptions about the presence of other cults and monuments, which are impossible to definitely identify, the presence of monuments for eastern deities Mithra, Jupiter Dolichenus, Sabazius, Isis and Serapis has certainly been confirmed.
IZLOŽBENA POSTAVKA EKSPONATA SA LOKALITETA SVINjARIČKA ČUKA U NARODNOM MUZEJU U LESKOVCU
Authors:   National Museum of Leskovac, Serbia, Stefanović Vladimir
Published: October 2023

The exhibition “Balkan archaeology in focus” is an author’s exhibition of the Austrian Institute of archaeology in Vienna and the Austrian Cultural Forum which was presented across the museums in Serbia during the endo of the 2022. and the beginning of the 2023. year. While exhibition visited the National museum of Leskovac in the April of 2023., it became more complex, because of the addition of more than 60 exhibits from the Neolithic and the Bronze Age, found at the archaeological site of Svinjarička Čuka. The exhibits were introduced to the general public for the first time ever. The author of the particular segment of the exhibition, high currator Vladimir Stevanović from the National Museum of Leskovac has organized the exhibited objects into four showcases, inside of which different specific groups were formed, consisting of human and animal figurines, stamps, bone objects, pottery, cult tables and different stone objects. The exhibited items had presented to the visitors the aspects of the everyday life of the habitants of the Neolithic settlement of Svinjarička Čuka, their perception of the artistic, decoration of the different items, wearing of the jewlery, as well as the apstract perception of the cult.
SRPSKA DRŽAVNOST NA POČETKU 20. VEKA KROZ VIZURU ISTORIJSKE GEOPOLITIKE
Authors:   Institute for Political Studies, Belgrade, Despotović Ljubiša , Glišin Vanja ,   Institute for Political Studies, Belgrade
Published: October 2023

During the centuries-long Ottoman occupation, the Serbian people faced the discontinuity of statehood, living in the Balkans without their own state and ruler. The aforementioned was reflected in the modernization processes of Serbian society, which, in relation to the countries of Western Europe, began with a significant delay in the 19th century. The struggle for Serbian statehood during the 19th century was very complex and difficult, both because of the position of the Serbian people in the geopolitical knot between the conflicting interests of the great powers, and because of internal political relations and the slow consolidation of institutional and social capacities. The process of Serbia’s political independence continued until 1878, when it gained independence at the Berlin Congress. Although it won its independence, Serbia did not enter a period of peace but faced complex foreign and domestic political processes, which marked the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. Bearing this in mind, the general hypothesis is that the political processes in Serbia at that time were decisively influenced by external geopolitical actors. Therefore, in our work, we start from geopolitics as a synthetic science within which we define a new sub-discipline, historical geopolitics, which deals with the research, analysis and synthesis of geopolitical motivations, doctrines, plans and interests of historical actors, decoding at the deepest level from their geopolitical behavior the hidden reasons for determining the historical actions, processes or events. In the first part of the paper, we will define historical geopolitics as a sub-discipline of geopolitics, so that in the second and third part of the paper, through the lens of historical geopolitics, we will clearly decode the processes of the birth of the modern Serbian state and the struggle for the survival of Serbian statehood. Using the method of analysis and synthesis, the method of deduction and the geopolitical method, we seek to lay the foundation for further research advances in the context of historical geopolitics
DOPRINOS VOJVODE PETKA ILIĆA NAGORIČKOG U OSLOBOĐENjU JUŽNE SRBIJE
Authors:   Institute of European Studies, Belgrade, Ilić Dušan
Published: October 2023

his paper aims to shed light on the biography of one of the most famous voivodes who participated in the Serbian Chetnik campaign in Old Serbia and Macedonia at the very beginning of the 20th century. Bearing in mind the lack of professional and scientific works that would cover the actions of specific figures of the Serbian Chetnik movement in the South, this article should show the contribution of one of the most prominent figures of this movement in the liberation of the region of Southern Serbia. The work will reconstruct the biography of Voivode Petko Ilic, through a comparative analysis of data from various historical sources, which are unfortunately not extensive in this field. The actions of Voivode Petko in the period from the official beginning of the Serbian action in the South in 1903 to the Young Turk Revolution in 1908, and the second period of his activities in the protection of the Serbian population from 1908-1912 will be analyzed in particular. In addition to the dashes from his biography, we will especially refer to his death at the dawn of the liberation of Old Serbia in 1912. Furthermore, the relationship of the Serbian/Yugoslav authorities, the Serbian Church and the people towards the legacy of Voivode Petko, especially in the interwar period, will be analyzed, and in this regard, the issue of the transfer of his remains and his monument in his native village will be dealt with in particular. Afterwards, a review will be given of the attitude of the occupying Bulgarian and post-war Yugoslav and Macedonian communist authorities towards the figure and work of Voivode Petko. Finally, we will review the Serbian literary and poetic legacy dedicated to this famous figure.
STRADANjE ŽENA NA JUGU SRBIJE ZA VREME BUGARSKE OKUPACIJE U PRVOM SVETSKOM RATU
Authors:   Institute for Political Studies, Belgrade, Đorić Marija
Published: October 2023

The paper deals with the analysis of violence to which women were exposed in the south of Serbia during the Bulgarian occupation, in the First World War. Since at the beginning of the war, the Serbian women was presented in official Bulgarian documents as the “most dangerous element” in preserving and building national identity, they were victims of the occupier’s hypertrophied violence.In addition to various forms of psychological and physical violence to which they were exposed, members of the female sex in the southern parts of Serbia suffered mass rapes, which, due to patriarchal morality, were not talked about much. Using archival data, international documents and direct testimonies of victims recorded by eyewitnesses of that time, the author summarizes the forms of violence that women were exposed in the south of Serbia, during the First World War.
ALBANCI LESKOVAČKOG OKRUGA U NEMAČKOJ POLICIJI PORETKA (1943–1944)
Authors:   Institute for Contemporary History, Belgrade, Živković Milutin
Published: October 2023

Within the wide array of German police structures in occupied Serbia during World War II, one branch belongs to the Albanian collaborators from the Jablanica county of the Leskovac district. They were members of the German Order Police, more precisely the HIPO, which were at the disposal of her commander in Serbia, Andreas May. Militiamen, on a voluntary basis, joined the HIPO in the summer of 1943, and most remained in it until the autumn of the following year. These young men, mostly poor farmers of several villages in Jablanica, belonged to the 9th battalion of HIPO, that is, to the 3rd battalion of the 1st police volunteer regiment. Motives for joining can be sought in a wide spectrum, from the need for better armament and professional military command (for struggle against partisans and cetniks), through monetary earnings, to taking care of the family through social and health care provided by the Germans. Among them there were many married people, but, due to their youth, few children. At the same time, the recruits were mostly literate and were awarded with ranks. Their historical story was covered by a veil of oblivion for a long time, so this research can be seen, among other things, as a call for further illumination of the fate of Albanian members of the BdO forces from Jablanica region.
ŽRTVE DRUGOG SVETSKOG RATA U VRANjSKOM OKRUGU
Authors: Vukčević Jelena , Stambolija Nebojša ,   Institute for Contemporary History, Belgrade
Published: October 2023

According to the first administrative division after the Second World War, the Vranje District (okrug) consisted of six counties (srez): Bosiljgradski, Masurički, Pčinjski, Poljanički, Preševski and Vranjski. The first systematic investigation of crimes during the occupation after the liberation was entrusted to the State Commission for the Investigation of the Crimes of the Occupiers and Their Abettors. This Commission was established in Jajce at the Second Session of AVNOJ. The paper statistically analyzes the victims in the Vranje District according to the perpetrators, geographical origin and manner of suffering. In addition to the victims, the paper also analyzes “bodily injuries” as well as “violations of personal freedom”. In the first census from 1945, 1,811 victims were recorded in the area of the Vranje District. The Bulgarian occupation formations were recorded as the biggest perpetrators of all crimes. Since this census was done superficially, the process was repeated at the beginning of 1946. In the repeated census 3,937 victims were recorded in the aforementioned area. The systematic census of war victims was initiated by the Federal Executive Council in 1964. Due to the passage of time and the ideological component, it is assumed that its scope was 56‒59% of the actual victims. In six municipalities, which previously formed the Vranje District, 3,506 victims of the war who lost their lives and 14,238 victims who survived the war were registered. Although useful for getting a general idea of the victims of the Second World War, we believe that both censuses of victims have significant shortcomings, primarily due to their ideological component. Nevertheless, the results of both censuses are an indispensable source for the quantification of war crimes on the territory of Yugoslavia.
TRGOVINSKA KOMORA NR SRBIJE 1952–1962 GODINE: POKUŠAJ KONTROLE I INTEGRACIJE SRPSKE PRIVREDE U POSTPLANSKOM SISTEMU
Authors:   Institute for Contemporary History, Belgrade, Piljak Milan
Published: October 2023

The Chamber of Commerce of the People’s Republic of Serbia was founded on the initiative of 27 business leaders. It implemented state decisions and worked on “polishing” the established economic system. Petar Čović was everlasting secretary of the chamber. He was a trained merchant and was appointed at the suggestion of Miloš Minić, the then secretary for trade of Serbia. Of all the functions in the Chamber, only the position of the secretary was not time-limited and thus the state ensured that the institution would be in experienced and loyal hands. The institution became more and more numerous and influential over time. However, at the very beginning, many areas in Serbia did not have their representatives in the key bodies of the Chamber of Commerce. Dissatisfied with this decision, the representatives of business from Niš, Pirot and Leskovac fiercely protested against the retention of centralization in Belgrade. However their representatives were overuled during the vote which left the Chamber of Commerce firmly in the hands of Belgrade communists and cadres in economy.
Cara Baru Memandang Prinsip Non-Intervensi ASEAN dalam Menilik Kasus Rohingya
Authors: Wirachmi Ajeng
Published: October 2023

This research aims to propose a fresh perspective on ASEAN's non-intervention principle through the analysis of the Rohingya case. The Rohingya case represents a humanitarian crisis complexity in the Myanmar region that necessitates serious consideration from ASEAN as a regional body. This research employs a multidisciplinary approach involving political analysis, international law, and international relations theory. The study argues that ASEAN's non-intervention principle should not be interpreted as a reluctance to intervene in cases of human rights violations that threaten regional security. Instead, the research advocates for a more proactive and responsive approach from ASEAN towards humanitarian situations resulting in mass suffering, such as the Rohingya case. The findings of this research provide new insights into how ASEAN can modernize its approach to the non-intervention principle, emphasizing the importance of human rights protection as an integral part of regional stability and peace. This research also proposes concrete recommendations regarding steps that ASEAN can take in addressing similar cases in the future, thereby strengthening ASEAN's role and relevance in the context of global humanitarian issues.
Construction of Reality and Social Criticism in the Frame of Online Media (Framing Analysis of News on the Kanjuruhan Football Tragedy in Tempo Online Magazine October 10-16 2022 Edition)
Authors: Junior Dela Sulistiyawan
Published: October 2023

The rapid development of social media provides easy access to unlimited information and freedom of information. Access to the internet allows every individual to access a variety of available information. Information about the Kanjuruhan football tragedy which caused many fatalities is an interesting topic for the media to cover. The methodology used in this research is framing analysis developed by Pan and Kosicky, while the approach adopted is a qualitative approach. The findings obtained from this investigation are that Tempo online magazine's reporting on the tragedy was critical, informative and very provocative. These indications can be seen from the results of the framing analysis carried out, namely in the framing of the main news: in the Kanjuruhan tragedy there were errors and omissions caused by the security team (either the political committee or police officers), syntactic elements: strengthening the main framing by using unbalanced quotes from sources and the news writer has too many opinions, script elements: strengthening the news, the How element to reduce the why element, thematic elements: there are 5 big themes in the news as material for the news writer, rhetorical elements: the use of cover photos and several graphics and words used to emphasize elements of news that seem hyperbolic and provocative. Furthermore, it can be concluded by researchers that Tempo Online magazine constructs reality for the purposes of social criticism to the Kanjuruhan tragedy competition committee and the government, especially the Indonesian National Police, in reporting through a framing process.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK NAKAL BERDASARKAN UU NOMOR 11 TAHUN 2012 TENTANG SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA ANAK
Authors: Lubis Muhammad Ansori
Published: October 2023

Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Criminal Justice System for Children related to Law Number 3 of 1997 concerning Juvenile Courts brings a new paradigm in the handling of children facing the law, especially in this case children who commit crimes.The research method used in this study is a normative juridical research method; the study of legal principles, legal norms in the laws and regulations and court decisions.The research finding shows that legal protection of children in conflict with the law in the juvenile justice system is a special treatment in order to ensure the physical and mental growth of children as the next generation that must be considered in the future.So the goal of juvenile justice is not only to declare whether a concrete event is proven and then to make a verdict, but to settle a child's case, if it reaches the court level, the case must be resolved, not until the verdict cannot be implemented or even cause new cases or problems.
KEDUDUKAN DISKRESI PEJABAT PEMERINTAHAN
Authors: Taufiqurrahman Muhammad
Published: October 2023

This research aims at finding (1) the definition of government officer’s discretion and (2) how is the position of government officer’s discretion. The research method used with the type of research used is empirical legal research. Empirical legal research is a legal research method that functions to be able to see the law in the real sense and examine how the law works in a community environment, the specification of this research is descriptive, with the intention to describe the existing conditions by using scientific research methods and solving problems based on data and facts collected as they were at the time the research was conducted. The conclusions in the discussion of Understanding Government Officials Discretion is the policy of government officials in deciding what actions / actions are without the provisions of the rules, laws or applicable laws but on the basis of wisdom, consideration or justice. Discretionary Position for Government Officials is a decision / action applied to Government Officials in overcoming the concrete problems faced by the administration of government in legislation that gives choices, does not regulate, isincomplete or unclear and or there is government stagnation. Recommendations Expected Discretion Government Officials have legal certainty, so as to create a sense of security and comfort in taking policies without being given the fear of punishment. Discretionary position for Government Officials does not need to hesitate in making decisions / actions to keep referring to the interests and welfare of the community.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP PENGARUH PENDAFTARAN TANAH SISTEMATIS LENGKAP (PTSL) (Studi Penelitian di Kelurahan Panji Dabutar Kecamatan Sitinjo Kabupaten Dairi)
Authors: Barus Jariansen , Lase Hinoramus Alfreenki , Devi Ria Sintha
Published: October 2023

Tanah sebagai sarana untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasar manusia, memiliki arti penting dan peranan yang sangat pokok untuk mencapai kesejahteraan hidup manusia, baik sebagai individu maupun sebagai  makhluk sosial. Manusia sebagai makhluk sosial yang senantiasa melakukan hubungan-hubungan dengan bumi termasuk kekayaan yang terkandung di dalamnya diantaranya adalah tanah sehingga diperlukan adanya campur tangan dari Pemerintah, terutama dalam Aspek pertanahan yang sangat erat kaitannya dengan ekonomi nasional. Banyak kegiatan perekonomian yang terkait dengan aspek pertanahan seperti jual beli dan juga perbankan. Tanah yang sangat penting bagi masyarakat dapat memicu konflik yang menimbulkan sengketa. Maka Pemerintah hadir dalam memberikan jaminan kepastian hukum hak atas tanah melalui pendaftaran tanah secara sistematis agar terwujud perlindungan hukum masyarakat sehingga dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan ekonomi negara, serta mengurangi sengketa dan gugatan di bidang pertanahan.  Adapun penelitian ini menggunakan sifat penelitian deskriptif, dengan tipe penelitian kualitatif, dan menggunakan jenis penelitian yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan sosiologis, serta penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data lapangan (field research). Adapun kesimpulan Penelitian ini adalah bahwa pelaksanaan Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) di Kelurahan Panji Dabutar berpengaruh positif terhadap tingginya minat masyarakat untuk ikut serta menjadi peserta, dan juga berpengaruh terhadap terciptanya tertib pertanahan khususnya tertib hukum dan tertib administrasi, serta berpengaruh terhadap meningkatnya perekonomian dan taraf hidup masyarakat dengan kemudahan akses modal perbankan.
PERKAWINAN CAMPURAN MENURUT iHUKUM iPERDATA iINTERNASIONAL iDI INDONESIA
Authors: Situmorang Robinson , Siregar Syawal Amry
Published: October 2023

Pertumbuhan  penduduk akibat dari ikatan perkawinan yang sah secara hukum diantaranya karena tujuan untuk regenerasi keturunan, mempertahankan kebudayaan, adat istiadat maupun tuntutan norma agama atau kepercayaan,  norma kesusilaan, norma kesopanan dan norma hukum.iUndang-Undang i iNomor i1 iTahun i1974 itentang iPerkawinan imerupakan ihukum ipositif iyang iberlaku idi iIndonesia. Undang-undang ini belum memberi kepastian hukum terhadap semua kemungkinanperkawinan campuran karena  perbedaan agama /kepercayaan dan/atau berbeda kewarganegaraan, akibat era globalisasi dunia tanpa batas. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif untuk mencari kebenaran dalam perkawinan campuran. Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa pernikahan warga negara Indonesia i idengan iwarga inegara iasing iyang mempunyai iman agama/kepercayaan yang berbeda dapat melangsungkan pernikahan di Indonesia dengan memohonkan penatapan sah-nya pernikahan mereka melalui putusan majelis hakim peradilan umum berdasarkan Peraturan Perkawinan Campuran, iRegeling iop ide iGemengde iHuwelijkeni(GHR) istb.i1898 iNo. i158.
KAJIAN HUKUM PIDANA TERHADAP PERBUATAN PENCEMARAN NAMA BAIK MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Simamora Fidelis P , Simarmata Lewister D , Lubis Muhammad Ansori
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kejahatan dunia maya, bagaimana mengukur pencemaran nama baik melalui media sosial, dan bagaimana menganalisis hukum pidana terhadap pencemaran nama baik melalui media sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian yuridis normatif, dimana penulis hanya mempelajari rule of law berdasarkan fakta-fakta kasus yang terjadi berkaitan dengan pencemaran nama baik. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang bersumber dari berbagai buku, jurnal, laporan penelitian, atau berita kasus yang diperoleh baik melalui media cetak maupun online. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pencemaran nama baik diatur dalam Pasal 310 hingga Pasal 321 KUHP dan juga terhadap pencemaran nama baik di media sosial diatur dalam Pasal 27 ayat (3) UU No. 11 tahun 2008. Pencemaran nama baik adalah tindakan menyebarkan informasi yang tidak benar dan umumnya dalam bentuk pencemaran nama baik dari seseorang yang berdampak buruk pada orang itu, orang yang namanya difitnah dapat mengeluh tentang pencemaran nama baik dan orang yang mengkontaminasi dapat dihukum dengan hukuman penjara dan denda seperti dalam peraturan Undang-Undang ITE (Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik)
PERAN DAN WEWENANG KURATOR DALAM KEPAILITAN PERSEROAN TERBATAS
Authors: Silalahi Rumelda , Purba Onan
Published: October 2023

A limited company that is declared bankrupt does not immediately stop and dissolve, but still exists as a legal entity. Under certain circumstances it can still run its business as usual. Limited companies do not occur bankruptcy fans can still run their business. This is because the limited liability company declared bankruptcy has an economic value that is much higher than the value of the company's assets. Because bankruptcy is actually intended for companies that have negative assets. However, the decision to continue the company goes bankrupt results in the power of the board of directors in a limited liability company. However, with the existence of a bankruptcy declaration, the debtor for the sake of law loses the right to control and manage his assets which are included in the bankruptcy estate as of the day of the decision on the bankruptcy statement. In the bankruptcy law, it is clearly stated that the curator is a Heritage Hall or a private person appointed by the court to manage and settle the assets of the bankrupt debtor under the supervision of the supervisory judge. In the event of a limited liability company bankruptcy, the curator has the obligation to be able to manage and settle all bankruptcy assets and keep all related documents.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA DI KALANGAN MAHASISWA YANG DIUNGKAP OLEH DIREKTORAT RESERSE NARKOBA POLDA SUMUT
Authors: Butar-Butar Frans Sindi , Lubis Mhd. Ansori , Siregar Syawal Amry
Published: October 2023

Maraknya kasus penyalahgunaan narkotika tidak hanya di kota besar, tapi sudah sampai ke kota-kota kecil di seluruh wilayah Republik Indonesia mulai dari tingkat sosial ekonomi menengah bawah sampai tingkat sosial ekonomi menengah atas. Berdasarkan data menurut status pekerjaan tersangka narkoba dari tahun 2015-2019 yang diungkap oleh Direktorat Reserse Narkoba Polda Sumut pelaku tindak pidana narkotika dari kalangan mahasiswa sebanyak 410(Empat Ratus sepuluh)mahasiswa selama rentang waktu 5 (lima)tahun. Permasalahan hukum dalam penelitian ini yaitu:pengaturan hukum tindak pidana narkotika menurut Undang-Undang No. 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika; peranan polisi dalam penegakan hukum untuk menangani tindak pidana narkotika di kalangan mahasiswa;dan Hambatan yang dihadapi Direktorat Reserse Polda Sumut dalam menangani tindak pidana narkotika di kalangan mahasiswa. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dan data tersebut dianalisa dengan menggunakan metode analisa kualitatif.Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil sebaiknya dalam melakukan upaya represif, Direktorat Reserse Narkoba Polda Sumut lebih mengedepankan treatment dan rehabilitasi terhadap pecandu narkotika dari kalangan mahasiswa; Sebaiknya pimpinan universitas-universitas negeri maupun swasta membuat Nota Kesepahaman dengan pimpinan Polda Sumut dalam rangka pencegahan pemberantasan penyalahgunaan dan peredaran gelap narkotika; dan sebaiknya mahasiswa membuat gerakan anti narkoba,seperti: sosialisasi tentang kesadaran akan bahaya narkoba dalam rangka pencegahan tindak pidana narkotika di kalangan mahasiswa.
TANGGUNGJAWAB PERUSAHAAN PENERBANGAN TERHADAP BARANG BAGASI PENUMPANG
Authors: Wulandari Weni , Purba Andrie Ghaivany , Silaban Rudolf
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini untuk untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis tentang pertanggung jawaban maskapai maskapai penerbangan atas hilangnya barang bagasi tercatat milik penumpang. Metode pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif/ metode skripsi hukum empiris (empirical legal research), yaitu dengan pengumpulan data dari lapangan. Sedangkan metode pendekatan yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah pendekatan yuridis sosiologis yakni Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan No 77 Tahun 2011 Tentang Tanggung Jawab Udara dan Undang-Undang RI Nomor 1 Tahun 2009 tentang penerbangan Pasal 144 UU Penerbangan menyebutkan bahwa pengangkut  bertanggung jawab terhadap kerugian yang diderita oleh penumpang karena  bagasi tercatat hilang, musnah atau rusak yang diakibatkan oleh kegiatan angkutan udara selamabagasi tercatat berada dalam pengawasan

 

pengangkut. Tanggung jawab pengangkut terhadap bagasi tercatat yang musnah, hilang atau rusak termasuk kerugian karena keterlambatan, besar ganti rugi terbatas setinggi-tingginya Rp. 100.000,- (seratus ribu rupiah) per kilogram (Pasal 44 Peraturan Menteri No. 40 Tahun 1995). Akan tetapi kalau kita perhatikan besaran ganti rugi yang tercantum dalam tiket penumpang pada perusahaan penerbangan, lebih rendah dari Peraturan Menteri No. 40 Tahun 1995, misalnya Lion Air dan Sriwijaya Air menyebutkan ganti rugi untuk bagasi yang hilang atau rusak, setinggi-tingginya Rp. 20.000,- (dua puluh ribu) per kilogram. Sedangkan dalam tiket Garuda Indonesia Airways setinggi-tingginya Rp. 100.000,- (seratus ribu rupiah) perkilogram. Ironisnya sampai saat ini klausula tersebut masih tercantum dalam beberapa tiket penerbangan domestik yang sifatnya merugikan penumpang padahal Pasal 186 ayat (1) UU Penerbangan telah melarang ketentuan tersebut.
IMPLIKASI UNDANG-UNDANG HAKI TERHADAP PERJANJIAN WARALABA (FRANCHISE) REDDOORZ DI MEDAN
Authors: Sibuea Yudhi Immanuel , Noernikma Muhammad Aditya Iskandar , Yasid Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Sekarang ini telah berkembang lebih banyak lagi bisnis franchise dalam dunia perhotelan dan sebagainya seperti reddoorz dan oyo. Pada awalnya hanya dalam makanan seperti Kentucky Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut,Mc.Donald, Cola-Cola Wendy’s dan lain sebagainya. Bisnis yang semacam ini dikenal dengan bisnis franchise atau dalam terminology hukum Indonesia disebut waralaba. Dalam bisnis waralaba (franchise) ada hak atas kekayaan intelektual yang di tawarkan.Penelitian ini membahas tentang Implikasi (hubungan keterlibatan) hak atas

 

kekayaan intelektual terhadap perjanjian waralaba, kekurangan dan keunggulan pelaksanaan usaha waralaba berdasar Peraturan Perundang-undangan HAKI serta menganalisis bagaimana perlindungan hukum HAKI bagi Pemberi Waralaba (franchisor) dan Penerima waralaba (franchise) dalam perjanjian waralaba.Dalam bisnis waralaba penerima waralaba (franchisee) dapat memanfaatkan, menggunakan hak kekayaan intelektual atau penemuan atau ciri khas usaha.yang dimaksudkan dengan hak atas kekayaan intelektual meliputi antara lain merek, nama, dagang, logo, desain, hakcipta, rahasia dagang dan paten, dan yang dimaksudkan dengan penemuan atau ciri khas usaha yaitu sistem manajemen, cara penjualan atau penataan atau cara distibusi yang merupakan karakteristik khusus dari pemiliknya.Sebagaimana perjanjian waralaba di atas, dapat diketahui pula bahwa perjanjian tersebut telah mengatur tentang perlindungan Hak atas Kekayaan Intelektual secara spesifik, yakni dengan memperjanjikan batasan-batasan tertentu yang harus di patuhi oleh penerima waralaba (franchisee). Maka dalam hal ini perjanjian waralaba menjadi salah satu aspek dalam memberikan perlindungan hokum kepada para pihak dari perbuatan merugikan pihak lain, termasuk dalam memberikan perlindungan hokum terhadap hak kekayaan intelektual. Secara yuridis Hak atas Kekayaan Intelektual dalam bisnis waralaba (franchise) juga sangat dilindungi oleh peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkaitan dengan hak kekayaan intelektual, yaitu: Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2000 tentang Rahasia Dagang, Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2001 tentang Paten, Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2001 tentang Merk, dan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2002 tentang Hak Cipta.