bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of the Organellar Genome of Gyrinops versteegii and Aquilaria malaccensis
Authors:   Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Bogor, Indonesia 16911, Hartati Hartati , Cartealy I C ,   Research Center for Computation, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Bogor, Indonesia 16911, Supatmi Supatmi ,   Research Center for Genetic Engineering, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Bogor, Indonesia 16911, Rahmawati S , Hartati N S , Siregar U J ,   Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Academic Ring Road, Campus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, Indonesia 16680, Siregar I Z ,   Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Academic Ring Road, Campus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, Indonesia 16680
Published: December 2024

Gyrinops versteegii and Aquilaria malaccensis are two important species of the Aquilarieae tribe. The main problem of this tribe is the challenge of species identification that is strongly dependent on the presence of flowers and fruit, which are not always available. The availability of whole genome information is expected to address the problems of species identification. This research aims to construct and compare the chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of G. versteegii and A. malaccensis from short-read data using the NOVOplasty and GetOrganelle assembler. The chloroplast genome assembly revealed a full-length quadripartite circular structure with sizes of 174.814 bp (G. versteegii) and 174.821–174.822 bp (A. malaccensis), with highly conserved gene and organization. Meanwhile, the mitochondrial genome is multipartite with a size of 400.012 bp (G. versteegii) and 400.000 bp (A. malaccensis), with highly variable genes and organization due to the presence of gene cluster repeats. The LSC/IR/SCC region borders and phylogenetic analysis in chloroplasts indicate variations between the genomes of these two species. The investigation of nucleotide diversity in the chloroplast genome revealed that the trnL-rpl32 region had the highest nucleotide diversity (Pi = 0.03). This information will be useful in the future for a variety of downstream analyses.
Effects of Peatland Fires on Above-ground Carbon Stocks in Kepulauan Meranti Regency, Riau Province
Authors:   Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Academic Ring Road Campus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, Indonesia 16680, Cahyaningtyas A U , Setiawan Y , Putra E I , Tonoto P
Published: December 2024

Peat fires substantially alter ecosystem dynamics and carbon storage, making it essential to understand how fire-related components affect post-fire carbon stocks. This study aims to estimate the above-ground carbon stock on burned peatlands in Kepulauan Meranti Regency, Riau Province, and examine how fire recurrence, last fire occurrence, and burn severity influence the carbon stock using a modified regression model and remote sensing data. The normalized burn ratio index difference between post- and pre-fire was used to calculate burn severity. The continuous predictor variable was transformed using a natural logarithm to generate the best-fit model. The 2014 burned peatland stored the highest carbon, whereas the 2020 burned peatland was the lowest. The 2020 fire period was the most severe compared to the 2014 and 2018–2019 fires, although it had a smaller burned area. This study highlights that fire-related components significantly affect post-fire peatland above-ground carbon stocks, particularly last fire occurrence and burn severity. Meanwhile, fire recurrence had the weakest impact and correlation with above-ground carbon stock compared to other predictors, likely due to the brief intervals between fire events in 2018 and 2019, which may have restricted ecosystem recovery and limited carbon storage capacity.
Effectiveness of the Implementation of Occupational and Safety Health Management System (OSHMS) on Pine Resin Harvesting
Authors:   United Graduate School of Agriculture Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, Japan 183-8509, Septiana R M , Iwaoka M , Matsumoto T ,   Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Agro No. 1 Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 55281
Published: December 2024

Work in the forestry sector, especially pine resin harvesting, is classified as heavy work and a high risk of accidents and occupational health because the pine resin harvesting activities are carried out on varying topography, using various heavy tools and hazardous chemicals. Hence, the occupational and safety health management system (OSHMS) is an essential sector. Some studies about pine resin tapping focused on productivity, socio-economics, and resin quality; however, there needs to be more research about OSHMS in pine resin harvesting. Therefore, the effectiveness of implementing OSHMS is essential to analyze, finding out its impact on the rate of work accidents and employee health in forest product harvesting activities. The objectives of this study are a) to identify the sociodemographics of forest employees, b) to clarify the pine resin harvesting activities and identify the hazard risk, and c) to clarify the effectiveness of the implementation of OSHMS on pine resin harvesting activities. The research was conducted in the state forest company (SFC) in Central Java Province. Interview techniques, literature studies from OSH documents, and field observations carried out to collect sociodemographics of forest employees are dominated by old employees, low education levels, and a working system based on family; this situation impacts the implementation of OSHMS and pine resin harvesting. The SFC provides SOP and training about the technical application of pine resin harvesting, but some employees did not follow the procedure. The impact of disobeying employees, the hazard risk, and accidents also improve. The recommendations for the company are to increase the time spent training the workers and to implement the OSHMS standard. Personal protective equipments have to check routines, and the employees must know the mechanism if there is an accident and how to solve it.
Nature Resources Contestation Between Native Papuans: Establishing a Collaborative Management of the Cyclops Mountain Nature Reserve Area in Papua, Indonesia
Authors:   Postgraduate Program of Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Bandung, Indonesia 45360, Marthen F , Gunawan B , Soemarwoto R , Palar M R A ,   Intellectual Property Center on Regulation and Application Studies, Faculty of Law Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang, Km 21, Bandung, Indonesia 45363
Published: December 2024

Collaborative natural resource management (co-management) has become a prevalent method to maintain the sustainability of the environment. In co-management, it is crucial to involve several related parties to ensure a precise distribution of responsibilities and authority among all parties. Natural resource management and biodiversity protection in conservation areas require the involvement of local communities. Conflicts in resource use among the population, including the indigenous people, often hinder these efforts. In this regard, this study examines the contestation of the management and utilization of natural resources between local indigenous Papuans and indigenous Papuan migrants in the Cyclops Mount Nature Reserve (CMNR). Using a mini-ethnography method, the study qualitatively explored a wide range of information relevant to this issue. The study conducted in-depth interviews with informants from local and migrant communities, as well as observations from both participants and non-participants. The study reveals that the local indigenous Papuans utilized the area in a relatively sustainable manner. However, the indigenous Papuan migrants were unable to prevent the use of natural resources in the CMNR, leading to environmental damage. To avoid further environmental damage to the CMNR, this study recommends the need for collaborative management in the area by involving both local indigenous Papuans and indigenous Papuan migrants with support from the government.
The Potential Ecological Impact of Oil Palm Agroforestry as Term of Improvement for Restoring Harapan Rainforest
Authors:   Graduate Program of Forest Management Science, Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry and Environmental, IPB University, Academic Ring Road Campus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, Indonesia 16680, Rahmani T A , Nurrochmat D R ,   Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry and Environmental, IPB University, Academic Ring Road Campus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, Indonesia 16680, Park M S ,   Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Institutes of Green-Bio-Science & Technology, Seoul National University, 1447 Pyeongchang-daero, Daehwa-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea 25354, Boer R ,   Centre for Climate Risk and Opportunity Management in Southeast Asia Pacific (CCROM-SEAP), IPB University, Campus IPB Baranangsiang Jalan Pajajaran, Bogor, Indonesia 16143, Ekayani M ,   Department of Resource and Environmental Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management, IPB University, Academic Ring Road Campus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, Indonesia 16680
Published: December 2024

Around 20.000 ha of forestland in the Harapan Rainforest, Jambi Province, Indonesia, is currently under encroachment by local communities. Local communities encroach on forest land converted into oil palm plantations. Expanding oil palm plantations into forest areas led to biodiversity loss and massive carbon emissions. The annual net carbon emissions of oil palm transformation from the forest in Indonesia is around 12.41–25.83 ton-1 ha-1 year-1. Oil palm agroforestry is considered to be able to increase carbon sequestration and the biodiversity level. CRC-990/EFForTS has established an oil palm agroforestry experimental plot in Jambi Province, Indonesia, namely B11 plot. This study compares the carbon sequestration and biodiversity level between oil palm monoculture and agroforestry. The data collected in this study was obtained from the CRC-990 experimental plots. We collected data on the CRC-990 oil palm agroforestry plot in 6 plots of 40 m × 40 m and 6 plots of 20 m × 20 m. We chose the location and theme of this research because, until now, no research has been conducted yet to calculate the potential carbon absorption capacity and biodiversity level of oil palm agroforestry patterns in B11 plot. This study uses an allometric equation and IPCC guidelines to estimate biomass and carbon sequestration. SNI 8014 is used to evaluate the biodiversity level. This study found that oil palm agroforestry has more significant carbon sequestration. Increasing intercropping in oil palm agroforestry will increase the amount of carbon sequestration. This study also found that oil palm agroforestry has a higher biodiversity level. The species diversity of oil palm agroforestry is moderate, while oil palm monoculture is low. These potential ecological impacts can be considered an initial step in restoring the Harapan Rainforest. It is important to choose appropriate intercrops and proper management to increase the successful implementation of oil palm agroforestry.
Divpusložu modeļa transformācijā sakņota tīmekļa lietotnes lietotāja saskarnes prototipa ģenerēšana
Authors:   , Babris Kristaps
Published: December 2024

Promocijas darbā piedāvāts risinājums tīmekļa lietotnes lietotāja saskarnes prototipa pirmkoda ģenerēšanai no divpusložu modeļa, izmantojot modeļvadāmas programmatūras inženierijas principus. Modeļu transformācijas likumu kopas izstrāde balstās divpusložu modeļa kā avota modeļa metamodelī un lietotāja saskarnei definētajā sagaidāmo elementu kopas metamodelī, kas ietver visus lietotāja saskarnes slāņus – konceptu, navigāciju un prezentāciju.
Spot the bot: the inverse problems of NLP
Authors: Gromov Vasilii A. , Dang Quynh Nhu , Kogan Alexandra S. , Yerbolova Assel
Published: December 2024

This article concerns the problem of distinguishing human-written and bot-generated texts. In contrast to the classical problem formulation, in which the focus falls on one type of bot only, we consider the problem of distinguishing texts written by any person from those generated by any bot; this involves analysing the large-scale, coarse-grained structure of the language semantic space. To construct the training and test datasets, we propose to separate not the texts of bots, but bots themselves, so the test sample contains the texts of those bots (and people) that were not in the training sample. We aim to find efficient and versatile features, rather than a complex classification model architecture that only deals with a particular type of bots. In the study we derive features for human-written and bot generated texts, using clustering (Wishart and K-Means, as well as fuzzy variations) and nonlinear dynamic techniques (entropy-complexity measures). We then deliberately use the simplest of classifiers (support vector machine, decision tree, random forest) and the derived characteristics to identify whether the text is human-written or not. The large-scale simulation shows good classification results (a classification quality of over 96%), although varying for languages of different language families.
Archivo y patrimonio: creación de un protocolo para un uso ético de los datos sensibles contenidos en un archivo personal. El caso del archivo Gabriel Guarda (Santiago de Chile 2020-2023)
Authors:   , Álvarez Gutiérrez Rodrigo
Published: December 2024

Un archivo personal constituye un conjunto orgánico de soportes documenta les; los cuales conservan y custodian la información generada por una persona a lo largo de su vida, ya sea en su actuación pública como privada. El presente proyecto estudia el acceso a datos sensibles contenidos en el archivo de Gabriel Guarda (1928-2020), su posible utilización basada en principios éticos y su resguardo patrimonial. Para ello, se propone la creación de una herramienta para la gestión de archivos documentales; es decir de un protocolo de acceso que integre criterios deontológicos y archivísticos que garantice un adecuado manejo de la información. Este proceso patrimonial integra a distintos actores interesados en relevar el legado del Premio Nacional de Historia (1984), quien se destacó por el rescate del patrimonio monumental de lugares como Valdivia, Osorno y Chiloé.
Caracterización epidemiológica de personas mayores de tercera y cuarta edad
consultantes a Centros de Atención Primaria en Chile
Authors:   , Valenzuela Barrios María Victoria
Published: December 2024

El envejecimiento poblacional, marcado por un rápido aumento de personas
mayores (PM), presentará desafíos ligados a enfermedades crónicas y dependencia.
Proyecciones de la OMS indican un crecimiento del 34% en mayores de 60 años para
2030 generando una carga significativa de enfermedad y demandando adaptación en
los sistemas de salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar clínica y
epidemiológicamente a las personas mayores de tercera y cuarta edad consultantes
a Centros de Atención Primaria de Salud (APS) durante el año 2018 en Chile.El
diseño de estudio fue observacional de corte transversal analítico. Se
utilizaron los Registros Estadísticos Mensuales (REM) Serie P del año 2018 de
las PM de 65 años y más consultantes a centros de APS del país.De 1.780.439 PM
estudiadas, el 76% fue tercera edad (65-79 años), con un 58% de mujeres. La
cuarta edad (80 años y más) presentó mayor prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas.
Ambos grupos mostraron predominio de funcionalidad, siendo la dependencia más
prevalente en la cuarta edad con una Razón de Prevalencia (RP) de 3,63.Reconocer
la heterogeneidad de las personas mayores es crucial para priorizar
intervenciones efectivas, adaptadas a sus necesidades.
Gestão de custos na educação superior pública: análise das IFES do Pará
Authors: Silva Mauricio Dias da , Vidal Josep Pont , Elias Leila Márcia Sousa de Lima
Published: December 2024

A informação dos custos governamentais tornou-se uma ferramenta essencial para obter resultados mais efetivos na prestação dos serviços públicos gastando menos recursos. O uso da informação de custos nos órgãos públicos é uma determinação legal, assim, o TCU orienta que órgãos jurisdicionados demonstrem anualmente no Relatório de Gestão os aspectos relativos à Gestão de Custos. A partir da abordagem sistêmica objetiva-se a compreensão da comunicação entre as IFES, os órgãos de controle externo e o usuário das informações contábil e de custos. Foram analisados os relatórios de gestão do exercício de 2020 das IFES do estado do Pará, com enfoque nas informações apresentadas no tópico “Gestão de Custos” a partir da observação de segunda ordem. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratória e utilizou a pesquisa documental como técnica de coleta de dados. Os manuais do TCU para elaboração do Relatório de Gestão foram os balizadores da análise por conterem parâmetros específicos e exemplos concisos e reais. Foi possível inferir o uso ainda incipiente das informações de custos nas IFES, a prevalência da cultura do uso de informações orçamentárias em detrimento às informações de custos e o baixo interesse e incentivo da alta gestão para o uso de relatórios de desempenho baseado em custos.
Pattern and Clinical Reasons for Dental Extractions in Patients Visiting a Tertiary Health Care Centre in Southern District- Nuh of Haryana, India: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Laxmy Vijay , . Sakshi , Sharma Amita
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The causes of tooth extraction exhibit significant geographical and cultural variations between regions within a country and across different countries. To date, no study has been conducted on the pattern of tooth loss in a comparatively socially and economically disadvantaged population in Nuh, Haryana, India.

Aim: To analyse the pattern and clinical reasons for tooth extraction in relation to factors such as age and gender among patients visiting the Dental Department of a tertiary care centre in India.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Dentistry, Shaheed Hasan Khan Mewati (SHKM) Government Medical College Nalhar, Nuh, Haryana, India, from January 2017 to December 2019. Data were collected from the available records of patients across different age groups during the period from January 2017 to December 2019. Data on age, gender, reasons for extraction, jaw type and tooth number were recorded. The total number of extracted teeth was used for statistical analysis using Microsoft Excel software.

Results: During the study period, 2643 patients underwent tooth extraction, with 1304 (49.33%) being males and 1339 (50.66%) females. A total of 3358 teeth were extracted, with 1382 in males and 1976 in females. The number of teeth extracted was higher in females (58.84%, n=1976) compared to males (41.15%, n=1382). The majority of extractions occurred in the 21-30 years age group, 750 (21.73%) followed by the 31-40 years age group, 663 (19.71%). The most common reason for extraction was dental caries and its sequelae, 2462 (73.34%). The most frequently extracted tooth was the first molar in the fourth quadrant (9.26%) followed by the first molar in the third quadrant (8.72%).

Conclusion: Given the paramount importance of first permanent molars, it is concerning to see many young patients losing this tooth in the present study. Therefore, it is crucial to raise awareness among the general population about maintaining oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups and treatment. The role of pit and fissure sealants in caries prevention for first permanent molars cannot be overstated.
A Narrative Review on Clinical and Experimental Evidence of Shatavari Ghrut
Authors: (Paradkar) Ashvini Deshmukh , Wanjari Anita
Published: December 2024

Ayurvedic dosage forms possess unique characteristics in both formulation and therapeutic applications. Sneha Kalpana encompasses a range of medicated oils and ghee-based products, which are effectively used to treat a diverse array of ailments across various age demographics. On the other hand, the liposomal drug delivery system represents a modern advancement in traditional medicine. Shatavari Ghrut (SG) is a notable formulation that falls under the category of Ghrut Kalpana in Ayurveda. There are numerous references to SG in Ayurvedic classics for various diseases. It is fascinating to observe the wide range of applications and the growing interest in the efficacy of SG through clinical and preclinical studies. Narrative reviews play a crucial role in summarising existing evidence and identifying gaps in knowledge for further exploration. Here’s an outline of the potential therapeutic uses and the importance of narrative reviews in evaluating SG. Relevant sources include Ayurvedic texts and scientific databases such as Pubmed, Scopus, Ayush Research Portal, ResearchGate, Digital Helpline for Ayurveda Research Articles (DHARA), Cochrane, Shodhganga, and Google Scholar, using keywords like Asparagus racemosus Wild, clinical studies on Shatavari Ghrut, lipid preparations of Shatavari, preclinical studies on Shatavari Ghrut, and Shatavari as a key.
A Rare Paediatric Case Report of Neglected Traumatic Posterior Hip Dislocation
Authors: Vaasan L Sabari , Kumar K Santhosh , Prasad S Devi , babar Suraj J , Dhas J Kevin
Published: December 2024

Traumatic posterior hip dislocation in paediatric age group is a rare but potentially debilitating condition, particularly when neglected. The delay in seeking medical care frequently leads to missed diagnosis, which can lead to an array of future complications. Hence, timely intervention is crucial in treating neglected traumatic hip dislocations in children to prevent complications like avascular necrosis of femoral head, sciatic nerve injury and early degenerative arthritis. Various treatment options exist, ranging from closed reduction and hip spica application to surgical interventions like open reductions and osteotomies. The primary goal of any treatment modality in hip dislocation is to achieve concentric reduction and preventing the possible associated complications. Additionally, there is limited research evaluating the outcomes of closed reduction in neglected traumatic posterior hip dislocations specifically in children. The present case report aims to address this gap by presenting a case of a six-year-old female child with a neglected posterior hip dislocation following a fall from tree six weeks prior, which was managed with continuous traction followed by closed reduction and hip spica cast application. The serial follow-up of the child showed satisfactory clinical outcome as evidenced by improved hip range of motion and normal gait. The successful outcome supports the effectiveness of this approach in managing neglected traumatic hip dislocations in children. This case also emphasises that there should be attempts of closed reduction in all neglected paediatric hip dislocations, followed by hip spica application, before undertaking any surgical interventions, even if they present after six weeks.
Performance Analysis and Characterization of Natural Dye-sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) of Titanium Oxide (TiO2) Thin Film
Authors: Arinze-Umobi Ngozi loveth , Anthony Nwokoye , Ekpunobi Azubike Josiah , Emmanuel Okafor Chiedozie
Published: December 2024

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) thin films of titanium oxide (TiO2) sensitized with the dyes of the almond and copper leaves extracted using ethanol and water (AE, AW, CE and CW) each, have been successfully deposited on FTO conductive glass substrate using the Dr Blading method. The deposited TiO2-DSSC thin films were subjected to UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and I-V characteristics analysis to determine their optical, structural, morphological properties and solar cell parameters respectively. The results of the analysis showed that copper leaves dye-sensitized films (CE and CW) has absorbance is in the range of 0.45 to 0.9 and 0.25 to 0.45 respectively within the visible (VIS) regions. The absorbance of the films sensitized with almond leaves dye is lower in the range of 0.15 - 0.25 for AE and 0.04 – 0.09 for AW within the region. The percentage transmittance of the films was found to be in the range of 82.5% – 90% for the film AW, 35% – 55% for CW while the film AE has the lowest value of the order 12.5% - 35% within the VIS region. The reflectance percent of the films were generally low with the film CE having the highest value in the range of 27%-43%, CW in the range 17.5% - 26%, AE in the range 10% - 15%, while the film AW has values in the range 2.5% - 5.5% within the VIS region. All the deposited DSSCs films have high refractive index values throughout the VIS region. The bandgap energy values obtained for the films are 2.5 eV for film CE, 2.6 eV for CW, and 2.4 eV for the films AE and AW each. These are in the range of wide bandgap energies and are favourable for application in the device that required high temperature and fabrication of blue LEDs. The results of the structural analysis on the deposited thin films showed that both the films exhibited crystalline structure with crystallite sizes of 24.55 nm for CE, 27.68 nm for CW, 22.27 for AE and 36.30 for AW films. The films have low cell conversion efficiency but still within the margin of error for most DSSCs materials.
Modeling COVID-19 Pandemic Data with New Pareto Model
Authors: Al-Saiary Zakeia A. , Bakoban Rana A. , Alamoudi Afnan S.
Published: December 2024

This paper aims to find a statistical model for modeling the COVID-19 data. We deduced a robust and effective model for fitting the COVID 19 mortality. This model is a new Extended-Pareto distribution (NE-P). The maximum likelihood method is utilized to obtain the estimator of the parameters. A simulation was carried out using different sample sizes and different values of the parameters. In addition, the goodness of fit test statistics was calculated for proposed model compared with the baseline model to find out that our new model is the best for modeling data COVID-19.
An Extended Inverse Lindley Distribution: Models, Properties and Applications
Authors: S Kuje. , Lasisi K.E , Abdulkadir A. , Abbas F. U.
Published: December 2024

This research work proposed a new extension of the inverse Lindley distribution called exponential-inverse Lindley distribution. The study derived some statistical properties of the distribution such as its ordinary moments, moment generating and characteristics function. It also considered the survival and hazard functions and the distribution of ordered statistics. Some plots of the distribution revealed that it is a flexible and skewed distribution. The implications of the plots for the survival function indicate that the exponential-inverse Lindley distribution could be used to model time or age-dependent events, where survival rate decreases with time. The research also conducted a simulation study to check the consistency of the model parameters using maximum likelihood estimation. From the results of the simulation study, it was revealed that the average estimates tend to be closer to the true parameters when sample size increases and the biases and mean square errors all decrease as sample size increases which is in agreement with the theory of estimation. The performance of the proposed exponential-inverse Lindley distribution was evaluated by means of an applications of the model to a real life dataset.
Advancing Gender-Sensitive Transitional Justice: A Path towards Healing and Equality in Sudan
Authors: Slom Fawzi Ahmed Abdullah
Published: December 2024

This study explores the critical need for gender-sensitive transitional justice in Sudan, highlighting its potential to address historical injustices and promote healing among affected populations. It examines the concept of transitional justice, emphasizing the importance of incorporating gender perspectives into truth-seeking, reparations, and institutional reforms. The analysis is grounded in the historical context of gender inequality in Sudan and the impact of conflict on women and marginalized groups. Case studies of successful gender-sensitive initiatives illustrate their effectiveness and potential for replication. The study draws on qualitative data collected through interviews with key stakeholders, including survivors, civil society organizations, and advocacy groups, as well as a review of relevant literature and policy documents. Findings suggest that inclusive engagement and the active participation of diverse voices are essential for shaping effective transitional justice mechanisms that foster equality and sustainable peace.
Examining the Perceived Roles of Educational Planners in Shaping Pupils' Academic Performance in Dodoma Municipality, Tanzania
Authors: Mrema Karoli John
Published: December 2024

This study examines the roles of educational planners in shaping pupils' academic performance in Dodoma Municipality, Tanzania. The study aims to address two main specific objectives namely identifying strategies employed for enhancing pupils’ academic performance and assessing the challenges faced by educational planners in achieving the goals. An interpretive paradigm guided the study, using a qualitative approach with an exploratory case study design. The target population included 2600 teachers and 37 educational officers in Dodoma municipality. However, from the total population of 2637 only 15 participants were purposively sampled to participate in the study. Data were analyzed using content analysis with the aid of Atlas.ti software; and ethical approval was granted by the Directorate of Research, Publications, and Innovation at the Open University of Tanzania. The findings revealed that the strategies employed by educational planners to improve pupils' academic performance include curriculum development and implementation, teacher training and professional development, resource allocation and infrastructure development, monitoring and evaluation, stakeholder engagement, policy evaluation and implementation, and promoting equity and inclusion. Despite these efforts, several challenges hinder the effectiveness of these strategies. These challenges include economic constraints, inadequate resources, demographic factors, socio-cultural influences, technological gaps, and the need for enhanced teacher capacity building. In conclusion, while educational planners in Dodoma Municipality have implemented strategies aimed at improving academic outcomes, significant challenges remain. Addressing these barriers is essential for sustainable improvement. The study recommends aligning the curriculum with local contexts, expanding teacher training opportunities, particularly in modern pedagogies, and increasing community involvement in educational planning. Additionally, it is crucial to address resource allocation and infrastructure disparities, particularly in rural areas, to ensure that all pupils benefit from improved educational opportunities.
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Urinary Quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli from Selected Patients Admitted at General Hospitals in Abuja Municipal, Nigeria
Authors: M. O Eghieye, , Y.B Ngwai , I.H Nkene , S.C Tama , O.F Bolarinwa, , R. H. Abimiku,
Published: December 2024

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, of urinary quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli from selected General Hospitals in Abuja Municipal, Nigeria.
Study Design:  Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, between November 2023 and October 2024.
Methodology: A total of 200 samples were collected from urine of patients. Escherichia coli was isolated from the samples using standard cultural and microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and minimum inhibitory concentrations were evaluated as described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).
Results: 50 out of 200 (25.0%) of the samples collected had E.coli. 10 isolates out of the 50 were quinolone resistant. Antibiotic resistance in the isolates in decreasing order were as follows: Ciprofloxacin (100.0%), Streptomycin (100.0%), Ampicillin (100.0%), Cefoxitin (80.0%), Cotrimoxazole (80.0%), Ceftazidime (70.0%), Gentamicin (50.0%), Gentamicin (50.8%), Naladixic Acid (40.0%), Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (40.0%), and Ofloxacin; (40.0%). All isolates were resistant to AMP and CIP. All the E. coli isolated were MAR isolates. All the MAR isolates had MAR indices of ≥ 0.2. Most isolates were MDR isolates. There was also a PDR and XDR isolates among the selected tested E coli isolates.
Conclusion: The E. coli isolates showed high resistance to Ampicillin, ciprofloxacin and streptomycin, and all isolates were MAR, and had MAR indices of ≥ 0.2. The presence of MDR isolates is a public concern and urgent steps must be taken to address its spread. There is also a need to strengthen strategies and programmes to reduce AMR in Nigeria.
Marker Assisted Selection: A Novel Approach for Crop Improvement
Authors: Singh Gurbir , Yadav Monika , Das Sibani , Kumawat Prerna , Patel Brijesh , Yadav Vijay Pratap , Dwibedy Alisha , Verma Aniket Kumar
Published: December 2024

The process of marker-assisted selection, or marker-aided selection (MAS), selects a trait of interest indirectly by considering a marker linked to the trait (e.g., quality, productivity, disease resistance, and biotic stress tolerance) rather than the trait itself. This integration of marker data with traditional selection approaches has become a widely studied and recommended method for advancing breeding programs. This technique has been extensively researched and recommended for animal and plant breeding. Here, we combine marker data with conventional selection to choose the best candidate for a future breeding program. Nowadays, the majority of MAS investigations employ DNA-based markers such as microsatellites, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). In this case, we discussed several kinds, techniques, and other features of marker Assisted Selection.
Innovative Eco-friendly Approaches to Enhance the Vase Life of Cut Flowers: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Kumar Ravi , Motla Rishubh , Sharma Mahima , Shukla Devanshu , Kaushik Krishna , Singh Rajat
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the key determinants of cut flower vase life, focusing on the influence of pre- and post-harvest conditions and environmental factors. Addressing the commercial challenges associated with limited vase life, the research underscores the critical need for sustainable and eco-friendly floral preservatives to enhance flower freshness. It highlights the rising interest in plant-based extracts and biodegradable alternatives as effective substitutes for conventional chemical preservatives. These natural preservatives not only improve floral longevity but also reduce environmental impact when paired with optimized post-harvest management practices. The study emphasizes the growing body of research dedicated to extending the shelf life of cut flowers through environmentally conscious solutions. By advancing both flower durability and ecological sustainability, eco-friendly preservatives hold significant potential to revolutionize the floriculture industry.
Emerging Molecular and Clinical Challenges in Managing Lung Cancer Treatment during the Covid-19 Infection
Authors: Shukla Sandhya , Ray Navin , Shukla Arvind Kumar , Upadhyay Adarsha Mahendra , Mirone Giovanna , Mongre Raj Kumar
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic now had a broad impact on the health care system since its start. Cancer patients, specifically lung cancer patients, are undergoing a more vulnerable group due to their complex pathophysiological and immunological characteristics. Therefore, they need more attention and care about health and treatment. It is yet unknown how SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infected lung cancer patient's health and management of treatment impacts them. From a clinical and multidisciplinary perspective, we aimed to explain our main priorities concerning COVID-19 infection in the scenario of lung cancer patients’ group in this chapter. Various types of lung cancer therapeutic strategies, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy, can all significantly increase the risk, therefore making a patient's chances of a poor outcome higher. Patients with lung cancer need regular clinical and radiologic examinations and follow-ups, which the COVID-19 pandemic might hamper. COVID-19-related lung cancer patients’ incidental radiologic abnormalities might show up in regular radiology exams, making it challenging to understand disease progression and the effect of therapy. The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted lung cancer care, highlighting challenges in patient management, treatment outcomes, and ethical dilemmas. Quantitative analysis and exploration of future directions would enhance clinical and research impact. In addition, cancer treatment-induced pneumonitis can exhibit radiologic characteristics that are identical to those seen in acute SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, possibly due to a wrong diagnosis and misinterpretation. The current COVID-19 health crisis is affecting many healthcare requirements, including the necessity for regular healthcare accessibility, particularly follow-ups, and the clinical trials in which this patient group may be included. The COVID-19 epidemic has placed healthcare practitioners, scientists, researchers, and institutions in a complex and dangerous situation, forcing them to address challenges with ethical scenarios.
Species Diversity in Coastal Homegardens of Kerala, India: A Study Across Agro-ecological Units (AEUs)
Authors: Thampi Roshni , Thomas Allan , Victor Reshma A
Published: December 2024

This study examines the biodiversity of coastal homegardens in Kerala, focusing on crop and regional diversity across Agro-Ecological Units (AEUs). Using the Shannon-Weiner index, the study found crop diversity values ranging from 0.347 for tubers to 0.998 for fruits, influenced by local ecology, cultural practices, and socio-economic factors. Biodiversity indices for Courtyard, Mid-region, and Outer region were 1.117, 1.433, and 1.255, respectively, with overall biodiversity indices of 1.058, 1.159, and 1.547 for AEU 1, AEU 3, and AEU 4. Statistical analysis yielded an F value of 0.961 and a P value of 0.4345, indicating no significant difference in biodiversity indices across the regions within homegardens studied. The correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between personal and social factors of coastal homegarden farmers and biodiversity. Education, information source utilization, and economic motivation were significantly correlated with biodiversity at the 0.05 level, while market orientation showed a stronger correlation at the 0.01 level. The study underscores the need for collaborative efforts to enhance biodiversity through crop diversification, agroforestry, and support for small-scale and marginalized farmers.
Effect of Different IBA Levels on Growth and Rooting of Semi- Hardwood Cuttings in Pomegranate cv. Kandhari
Authors: K. Harika , C. L. Sharma , B.S. Dilta , P. Verma , N. Kumari
Published: December 2024

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a highly valued fruit crop known for its nutritional and medicinal properties belonging to family Punicaceae. This study aims to investigate the effect of Indole-3- butyric acid on growth rooting of semi hardwood cuttings in Pomegranate cv. Kandhari, conducted at the Experimental Farm of Department of Seed Science & Technology, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan, HP, India during 2022-2023. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (Factorial) with twelve treatment combinations replicated thrice, comprising of four IBA levels (0, 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm) and three cutting segments (top, middle and basal). Among different levels of IBA, the treatment IBA @ 2000 ppm exhibited significantly higher per cent sprouting (60.00 %), number of shoot per cutting (5.21), shoot length (22.16 cm), shoot diameter (4.56 mm), number of leaves per cutting (14.78), leaf area (7.32 cm2), leaf chlorophyll content (6.03 mg g-1), fresh weight of shoots (7.24 g), dry weight of shoots (4.93 g), per cent rooting (58.89 %), number of roots per cutting (12.02), maximum root length (14.14 cm), fresh weight of roots (3.35 g), dry weight of roots (1.59 g) and biomass of cuttings (6.51 g). Among cutting segments, basal segment resulted in significantly increased per cent sprouting (56.67 %), number of shoots per cuttings (5.54), shoot length ( 21.86 cm), shoot diameter (4.46 mm), number of leaves per cutting (16.30), leaf area (8.68 cm2), leaf chlorophyll content (6.22),  fresh (8.04 g) and dry weight of shoots (4.85 g), per cent rooting (60.42 %), number of roots per cutting (13.89), maximum root length (14.54 cm), fresh (3.63 g) and dry weight of roots (1.79 g) and biomass of cuttings (6.64 g). Therefore, it is concluded that the application of IBA-2000 ppm and basal segment of semi hardwood cutting of Pomegranate cv. Kandhari; shows the best result for all parameters like, per cent sprouting, number of shoot per cuttings, shoot diameter and length, numbers of leaves par cutting, fresh and dry weight of shoot, number of leaves per cuttings, leaf area,  rooting percentage of cutting, length of roots, fresh and dry weight of roots, number of roots per cutting, biomass of cuttings. This research has been recognized as practical application by nursery man of pomegranate for preparation of better quality planting materials along with better survivability.
Assessment of the Composite Fish Culture Training Impact on Participants' Knowledge Acquisition in Arunachal Pradesh under Eastern Himalayas
Authors: Misra V.K. , Pathak Mahesh , Tripathi A.N. , Singh Sashank , Singh C.P. , Upadhyay A. D. , Kumar Dinesh , Kadirwell G
Published: December 2024

The Farmer’s skill development is becoming equally important, like other production factors, as fish farming is becoming more skill-intensive, technology-driven and inert-linked with allied economic activities. Lack of skill or knowledge among farmers may result in low productivity in this connection “Training” is the easiest method to transfer or gain knowledge as individual of any age irrespective of gender and educational status. In this connection a study was conducted during 2017-2022 to determine the effectiveness of Composite fish Culture (CFC) training programme on trainee’s knowledge gain in the West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh by the KVK. Most of participants in these training programs were farmers and labourers including rural youths. It was found that majority of respondents joined the training course to adopt the fish farming as an occupation. The results revealed that just after completion of training, most of participants were having Medium to high level of knowledge except <9% of trainees having low level of knowledge regarding composite fish culture technology in mid hill and foothill areas of the district. The findings indicated that farmers trainings programme were conducted by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, West Kameng was effective significantly in enhancing the knowledge gain by the participants to enhance their fish culture skill at village level in far flung areas of Arunachal Pradesh. By using this knowledge they can find self-employment which will be helpful to reduce the fish production gap as well as to support the rural economy of the state.
Research On The Impact Of Shanghai Airport Aviation Business Volume On Urban Economy
Authors: Yan Lin , Yao Hu
Published: December 2024

The paper first conducts a theoretical analysis of the relationship between airports and urban economic
development, summarizing and elaborating on the impact mechanism of airports on urban economic development.
Then the paper selected the aviation business volume of Shanghai Airport in the past decade and the economic
development data of Shanghai in the past decade for standardization processing and used entropy weight method to perform calculations. Finally, the paper explores the relationship between airport aviation business volume and urban economy through linear regression method, and draws relevant conclusions
Flexible Actuators for Soft Robotics
Authors: Yang Ying , Wu Yanxiao , Li Cheng , Yang Xiaoming , Chen Wei
Published: October 2019

Rigid robots have taken on a variety of automated manufacturing tasks and have made a huge contribution to industrial development; however, they are not suitable for further wearable applications due to their rigid and bulky structure, poor environmental adaptability, and low safety. Soft robots, which are mainly fabricated with ﬂexible or elastomeric materials, can easily adjust to environmental changes and accomplish complex tasks, offering a new paradigm to achieve human–machine compliance. Soft robots do not replace rigid robots but add diverse features for softer robotic applications. In particular, the use of flexible actuators in robotic systems can realize certain intelligent functions, enrich soft robotic systems and migrate academic research to engineering applications. Currently, the application of flexible actuators in soft robotic fields is still at the embryonic stage. However, tremendous application spaces can be envisaged when combining flexible actuators with soft wearable robotics. Therefore, the current flexible actuators that rely on different external stimuli are addressed herein, and their materials, designs, and approaches suitable for soft robotic applications are highlighted. The application advancement and future perspective of flexible actuator prototypes toward various soft robotics are also discussed.
Prenatal diagnosis of Desbuquois dysplasia Type 1: Utilization of high‐density SNP array to map homozygosity and identify the gene
Authors: Forster Katherine R. , Hooper Jody E. , Blakemore Karin J. , Baschat Ahmet A. , Hoover‐Fong Julie
Published: October 2019

Desbuquois dysplasia (DBQD1 [MIM 251450]) is an autosomal recessive chondrodysplasia with micromelia, severe joint laxity and dislocations, and a characteristic radiographic “monkey wrench” appearance at the proximal femur. Type 1 Desbuquois dysplasia is caused by mutations in CANT1 and is distinct from Type 2, caused by mutations in XYLT1, in that the former has unique hand anomalies including accessory phalangeal ossification centers, advanced carpal bone maturation, and/or axial phalangeal deviation. Severe prenatal presentations have been rarely reported. We report a Pakistani female in a consanguineous relationship with a diagnosis of Type 1 Desbuquois dysplasia in three consecutive pregnancies. Multiple similar severe fetal limb anomalies were detected by ultrasound in Pregnancy 1 and 2. Regions of homozygosity within the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐microarray from both terminated fetuses were compared, revealing CANT1 as a likely disease‐causing candidate gene. Insufficient fetal DNA precluded confirmatory testing, therefore parents were tested; both had a previously reported heterozygous CANT1 mutation (c.643G>T; Glu215Term). The patient presented with a third pregnancy revealing similarly abnormal limb position and probable polysyndactyly by ultrasound. Targeted testing of CANT1 revealed homozygous c.643G>T CANT1 mutations and this pregnancy was terminated. In clinical situations in which ample DNA is not available or more expensive testing (e.g., whole exome sequencing) with a longer turnaround time is not feasible, utilization of SNP‐microarray in consanguineous families at risk for rare autosomal recessive disorders may dramatically narrow the list of candidate genes.