bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous measurement of electrical potential on both sides of the dielectric surface in a parallel-plate dielectric barrier discharges and analysis of net electric field
Authors: Lu Yuanmeng , Ono Ryo , Komuro Atsushi
Published: April 2024

Dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) are widely used for ozone generation and surface treatment owing to their ability to generate reactive species. Surface charges generated during discharges distort the electric field between the dielectrics and affect the generation of reactive species. Therefore, the net electric field variations are of significant interest. Herein, a DBD measurement system for the net electric field based on the Pockels effect is established for the first time. The proposed system can simultaneously measure the surface potentials on both sides of the dielectric, thereby obtaining the net electric field at the discharge gap. The net electric field distribution varies insignificantly with the magnitude of the applied voltage but significantly with gap length. Moreover, the breakdown electric field increases with a decreasing gap length. This study provides a physical explanation for microgap reactors, demonstrating that the electric field in a DBD can be manipulated.
Research on braking torque model of magneto-rheological brake based on temperature effect
Authors: Wang Na , Chu Chengke , Cao Yongbing , Song Wanli , Liu Yang , Choi Seung-Bok
Published: April 2024

Magneto-rheological Brakes (MRBs) have attracted much attention because of their fast, controllable and adjustable braking performance. During the braking process, a lot of heat was generated by the excitation oil and the friction between magneto-rheological fluid and mechanical parts. The objective of this manuscript is to investigate the effect of temperature on the braking performance of MRB. The thermal distribution of MRB under different excitation current was analyzed through numerical simulation; The braking torque model based on temperature effect was established from microscopic point of view; The braking performance of MRB under different working conditions were tested through MR braking torque test platform, and the results not only revealed the influence of temperature, rotational speed and excitation current on the braking torque, but also verified the rationality and accuracy of the braking torque model. The research results fill the gap in the theoretical model and have important significance for the research on the braking performance of MRBs.
Spin–orbit coupling effects on localization and correlated tunneling for two interacting bosons in a double-well potential
Authors: Wu Hongzheng , Yan Xin , Fan Changwei , Yang Baiyuan , Xiao Jinpeng , Zeng Zhao-Yun , Chen Yajiang , Luo Xiaobing
Published: April 2024

We theoretically study the tunneling dynamics of two interacting spin–orbit-coupled (SOC) atoms trapped in a periodically perturbed double-well potential. We find that the phenomenon of coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) can exist only for certain values of SOC, and two different mechanisms for the appearance of CDT are identified in this system. One is the conventional CDT resulting from quasi-energy degeneracy, while the other CDT originates from the dark Floquet state with zero quasi-energy for all values of the driving parameters. We discover that under double modulation combining the double-well potential shaking and a time-periodic Zeeman field, it is possible to realize spin-flipping single-atom Rabi tunneling and the CDT induced by the dark Floquet state at any value of SOC strength, which is not accessible with a single-drive field. Furthermore, we show that the detuning of Zeeman field with respect to the multiphoton energy is particularly significant in the case of the correlated two-particle tunneling mediated by SOC. We expect that these results will stimulate further exploration of the many-body dynamics in the interacting systems and expand the possibilities for manipulating the spin dynamics.
A compact linearly polarized RLSA antenna integrated with circular ring resonator (CRR) for 5G mm-wave applications
Authors: Alwareth Husam , Ibrahim Imran Mohd , Zakaria Zahriladha , Majid Huda A , Purnamirza Teddy , Al-Gburi A J A
Published: April 2024

This article introduces a compact linearly polarized (LP) radial line slot array antenna (RSLA) that incorporates a metamaterial of circular ring resonator (CRR) reflector for improving the bandwidth. Hence, this enables the antenna to operate at n257 (26.5–29.5), n258(24.25–27.5), and n261(27.5–28.35) frequency bands which are standardized by Federal Communications Commission (FCC) with a minor reduction of the directivity. Due to the short wavelength of the millimeter wave bands, the technique of the RLSA design has been advantageous for achieving high gain. The prototype of the RLSA antenna and the metamaterial CRR reflector are designed and fabricated at 28 GHz resonance frequency utilizing Rogers 5880 substrate and fed using an SSMA coaxial connector with an air gap cavity equivalent to half guide wavelength (λg/2) between substrate and ground plane. The method of integrating the CRR reflector with the LP-RLSA antenna delivered a passband transmission operating at (22–29.5) GHz. The proposed antenna has a similar agreement between simulated and measured for directivity and bandwidth. it achieved a peak directivity of 20 dB with a squinted main lobe at 12° and a fractional bandwidth of 29.13%. The fabricated RLSA antenna dimensions are 130 mm × 130 mm × 10.65 mm which is compact compared to conventional RLSA antennas.
Analytic solutions of alpha-beta -time- derivatives complex finance chaotic dynamical system: synchronization and extended center manifold. An explicit approach
Authors: Abdel-Gawad H I , El Mahdy M A
Published: April 2024

The present study focuses on a real finance nonlinear dynamic system (FNLDS), which has been shown to exhibit chaotic behavior. The solutions for such nonlinear dynamical systems (NLDSs) have typically been derived using numerical techniques. The objective of this study aims to; firstly, derive approximate analytical solutions for the complex FNLDS (CFNLDS) by constructing the Picard iterative scheme. The convergence of this scheme is proven, and the error analysis shows good tolerance, indicating the efficiency of the technique. Second, a novel criterion for synchronizing the real and imaginary parts of the system is presented, based on a necessary condition. Thirdly, a new method for constructing the extended center manifold is introduced. The 3D portrait reveals a feedback scroll pattern, while the 2D portrait, representing the mutual components, shows multiple pools. The synchronization of the real and imaginary parts of the system is demonstrated graphically. The FNLDS is tested for sensitivity dependence against tiny variations in the initial conditions, and it is found that the system components are moderately sensitive. Furthermore, the Hamiltonian and the extended center manifold establish a two-fold structure. It is observed that the effect of the α-β derivative leads to a delay in the behavior of the solutions.
Raman spectroscopy and SERS by using Ag-nano-wires for detecting 1,2,4-Triazole in aqueous phase
Authors: Salinas-Luna Javier , Mentado-Morales Juan , Castro-López Jorge
Published: April 2024

In this work we showcase the experimental detection of high and low concentrations of the organic molecule 1,2,4-Triazole (124T) in the aqueous phase using a Coupled Optical Fiber Raman Spectrograph (COFRS) at an excitation wavelength of 785 ηm. Considering that 124T is a molecule used for producing pesticides, herbicides and antibacterial, hence its relevance. Accordingly, high concentrations (5 to 0.25 M) were prepared to be evaluated with COFRS in its typical configuration using vials constructed from borosilicate glass type 1. Whereas for detection of low concentrations (10−1 to 10−6 M), COFRS was coupled to the Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) technique by using Ag-nanowires as substrates. After obtaining the different spectral peaks of the 124T and plotting the areas of each peak against the molar concentration of each solution, a linear trend of around R2 = 0.99578 and R2 = 0.99917 was observed for the high and low detection ranges, respectively. As a result, the two best equations to quantitatively decide the concentration of an unknown aqueous solution of 124T in both ranges are obtained. Therefore, this work presents a promising methodology suitable for detecting high and low concentrations and is already used for other molecules by COFRS-SERS coupling.
Rediscovery of numerical Lüscher's formula from the neural network*
Authors: Lu 陆 Yu 宇 , Wang 王 Yi-Jia 一佳 , Chen 陈 Ying 莹 , Wu 吴 Jia-Jun 佳俊
Published: April 2024

We present that by predicting the spectrum in discrete space from the phase shift in continuous space, the neural network can remarkably reproduce the numerical Lüscher's formula to a high precision. The model-independent property of the Lüscher's formula is naturally realized by the generalizability of the neural network. This exhibits the great potential of the neural network to extract model-independent relation between model-dependent quantities, and this data-driven approach could greatly facilitate the discovery of the physical principles underneath the intricate data.
Side-Channel Attack Security Risk Assessment Model Based on Mutual Information Game
Authors: Yao Jianbo , Zhang Tao
Published: April 2024

The process of attack and defence of side channel attack can be regarded as the process of mutual information game, the two sides of the game are the cryptographic device designer (defence) and the enemy. The game goal of the defender is to reduce the local and global risks caused by side channel leakage by formulating relevant defence strategies; For the enemy, the goal of the game is just the opposite. From the perspective of making security strategy and reducing security risk, the mutual information game theory is introduced into the decision-making process of crypto chip designers (defenders) and enemies, and the influence of the choice of offensive and defensive strategy on security risk is investigated.
Research and Application of Power Grid Data Anomaly Tracing Method Based on Time Series Correlation
Authors: Li Xiaoyan , Hao Xuliang , Li Xiaolei , Li Chao , Qiu Shuo , Liu Shibo
Published: April 2024

Power grid data is a “barometer” that reflects the operational trend of the power grid system, so conducting a traceability study on abnormal data generated by the power grid system is crucial to maintaining the stable operation of the power grid system and preventing further malfunctions. This article proposes a maximum time series correlation ring tracing algorithm based on time series correlation: firstly, for a large amount of time series data collected from measurement points in the power grid system, a correlation coefficient matrix is calculated, and then a time series correlation graph is constructed using graph theory knowledge. The Kruskal algorithm is used to search for the longest spanning tree in the time series correlation graph. Finally, based on the spanning tree, the breadth-first search (BFS) algorithm is further used to obtain the maximum time series correlation ring[1]. By using the time series correlation of each node within the ring and the physical topological relationship between nodes, the abnormal data can be traced back. Distinguish whether the generation of abnormal data is due to a single point failure or system failure. Most of the existing fault tracing techniques are based on machine learning algorithms, which are difficult to widely apply in high-dimensional time series data due to their high complexity.Through experiments on real power grid data, the results verify the effectiveness of this method in anomaly tracing of high-dimensional time series data. Through comparative experiments, this method is superior to machine learning model algorithms in terms of efficiency and stability. At the same time, this method does not require additional calculations of the statistical distribution of the samples to be tested, thus greatly saving computational costs.
Analysis of the Influence of Adjacent New Pile Foundation Construction on the Structural Deformation of the In-service Subway Tunnels
Authors: Li Ting , Dong Jun , Yang Liangliang
Published: April 2024

Taking the construction project of a new bridge pile foundation above an in-service subway in Xi’an as an example, considering the influence of horizontal symmetrical construction of pile foundation hole forming on the deformation of different sections of asymmetric tunnels, a three-dimensional finite element geometric model of pile-tunnel-soil is established based on ABAQUS software. Through the numerical simulation analysis of the structural deformation behavior of the in-service subway tunnel under the two construction stages of pile foundation hole forming and concrete pouring, the horizontal and vertical deformation laws of the key points of the in-service subway tunnel caused by the construction of the adjacent new pile foundation are analyzed from different angles.The calculation results show that: the deformation of the interval tunnel is mainly caused by vertical displacement, resulting in overall settlement of the tunnel. However, the settlement value is within a controllable range and does not affect the normal operation of the in-service subway tunnel. The concrete pouring stage has a greater impact on subway tunnels. The research work has important reference value for the reasonable safety monitoring and control of similar construction projects.
A numerical study on smoke propagation in metro tunnel fires with different door opening scenarios
Authors: Li Boyu , Li Yanfeng , Su Zhihe , Feng Shan
Published: April 2024

Numerical study was carried out to analyze the effect of door opening scenario on the smoke propagation in metro tunnel fires. The smoke back-layering length, critical velocity, and temperature distribution were studied under a total of 8 working conditions. Results show that the opening of emergency exit doors could result in a shorter smoke back-layering length in the train compartment. In such conditions, a smaller driving force was needed to approach the critical velocity. On the other hand, the high temperature area of the tunnel evacuation platform would change under different opening scenarios. The research result could be used as a deeper understanding of the smoke propagation of metro fire and a reference for the formulation of smoke control.
Analysis and optimization of brace system in scaffold
Authors: Gao Ruiqi , Huang Keqi , Liu Xiaomin , Zhou Junlong , Zhang Qian , Li Yikang , Xu Hao , Tian Buyuan , Ye Birun , Zhao Yichao
Published: April 2024

Scaffold consists of horizontal components, vertical components and lateral braces, while the lateral stiffness of structure is mainly provided by brace system. Brace system can be classified into three groups: concentric brace, eccentric brace and knee brace. Concentric brace enables to offer greater stiffness, for providing direct load transfer. Eccentric brace and knee brace belong to ductile system, maintaining stability by energy consumption braces. Eccentric brace dissipates energy by deforming and buckling, while knee brace disposes energy by form a plastic hinges. Concentric brace is a common way for enhancing lateral stiffness in scaffold. Current studies aimed to investigate detail parameter effects in one brace pattern, while few comparative studies were carried on multiple brace pattern. In this paper, a simplified simulation method was proposed. Throughout simulation analysis, some regulations of brace arrangement were summarized, which provides a guidance during the scaffolding design and optimization process.
Research and Implementation of Container Based Application Orchestration Service Technology
Authors: Liu Peng , Wang Jinsong , Zhao Weisen , Li Xiangjun
Published: April 2024

With the rapid development of cloud computing technology, Kubernetes(K8S), as the main orchestration tool for cloud native applications, has become the preferred choice for enterprises and developers. This article is based on container based application orchestration service technology. Through a set of templates containing cloud resource descriptions, it quickly completes functions such as application creation and configuration, application batch cloning, and application multi environment deployment. It simplifies and automates the lifecycle management capabilities required for cloud applications, such as resource planning, application design, deployment, status monitoring, and scaling. Users can more conveniently complete infrastructure management and operation and maintenance work, In order to focus more on innovation and research and development, and improve work efficiency. The actual application effect of the technology used in this article depends to a certain extent on the ability level of basic service resources, and manual template creation is required for the first use. In production use, a certain professional ability is required to create a good application layout template, adjust and optimize resources according to the production environment, in order to significantly improve the effectiveness and efficiency of practical applications.
Hybrid Elastic Scaling Strategy for Container Cloud based on Load Prediction and Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Liu Peng , Zhao Weisen , Zhang Baoliang , Wang Jing
Published: April 2024

To harness the advantages of both proactive and responsive scaling, adapting to various workload scenarios, this paper introduces a container hybrid scaling strategy called HyPredRL, rooted in load prediction and reinforcement learning. Within the proactive scaling module RL-PM, a load prediction model, MSC-LSTM, predict workloads and, in conjunction with current workload states, leverages reinforcement learning agents for intelligent scaling decisions. The responsive scaling strategy, SLA-HPA, enhances Kubernetes’ native scaling strategy, which primarily considers resource utilization, by incorporating response time metrics. Ultimately, a hybrid scaling controller is designed, applying the principles of “rapid scaling out” and “balanced conflicts” to coordinate proactive and responsive scaling. Experimental results demonstrate that HyPredRL outperforms existing methods in SLA violation rate, resource utilization, and request response time, effectively improving application performance and scalability.
Research on the Development Path of E-commerce Logistics in the Context of Carbon Neutrality
Authors: Kong Zhen , Kong Linghan , Bai Kun
Published: April 2024

This research paper aims to explore the development path of e-commerce logistics in the context of carbon neutrality. With the increasing concerns about environmental sustainability, the e-commerce industry has been pushed to find innovative solutions to reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainable practices. This study examines various strategies and approaches that can be adopted to achieve a greener and more efficient e-commerce logistics system. By analyzing the current trends, challenges, and opportunities, this paper provides insights and recommendations for policymakers, companies, and stakeholders in the e-commerce logistics sector. It requires comprehensive planning and decomposition of the entire process of e-commerce logistics. There are several key points to consider in achieving carbon neutrality for e-commerce platforms, such as green warehousing, green packaging, green transportation, and technological innovation, some top logistics companies achieved a cumulative carbon reduction. Adding a touch of “green” to the performance report of ecommerce promotions has become a proactive choice for an increasing number of platforms.
Federal Algorithm Design and Numerical Experiments of Ensemble Kalman Filter Data Assimilation Analysis Process
Authors: Wu Zhuhui , Han Yueqi , Ye Song , Fu Yapeng , Kou Zheng
Published: April 2024

Based on the federated Kalman filter proposed by Carlson with linear systems, we propose a federated computing scheme for the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) assimilation analysis process for nonlinear systems, and give an optimal information fusion estimation algorithm weighted by diagonal matrix under the linear minimum variance criterion, that is, the assimilation analysis values of each variable in the global estimation are linear combinations of the assimilation analysis values of the corresponding variables in the local estimation of sub-filters, and the calculation of the combination coefficients is given. The federated algorithm of the EnKF assimilation analysis process for nonlinear systems is verified by the Lorenz (1963) system.
A Simple Model for Fault Detection of UAV Photoelectric Load Based on Image Classification
Authors: Xue Song , Shen Yan’an , Li Congli , Li Jun
Published: April 2024

A simple image-based unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) optoelectronic load fault detection model is proposed to address the types of distortion that occur during the imaging process due to device failures. The model adopts the classic AlexNet network, adjusts the key parameters of the network, adds a BN layer, and then optimizes the original network using LeakyReLU, achieving a fault detection model based on image classification. The experimental results show that the clas-sification accuracy of our model has reached over 90%, which is higher than the comparison method. Moreover, the training samples required for our model are small and easy to implement.
A Time-sensitive Traffic Scheduling Algorithm for Industrial Network of Power Grid
Authors: Wang Xuanzhong , Zhang Yanan , Li Zhutian
Published: April 2024

Industrial Internet communications in power scenarios are highly time-sensitive and require low network latency and high stability. Therefore, in order to ensure the smooth operation of the automated production line, we propose a time-sensitive traffic scheduling (TsTS) algorithm combined with SRv6 technology based on the application background of industrial and civil converged networks. The method is: through the previous hop node sensing of network congestion Link congestion, and then adjust the detour path for time-sensitive traffic through Dijkstra’s algorithm. Moreover, in order to effectively reduce the link overhead of SRH and prevent bandwidth waste caused by large IPv6 addresses, we also propose a node list compression algorithm for detour paths. The core method is to put only necessary nodes into SRH, that is, Sensitive traffic can be forwarded with the help of ordinary routing. Experiments show that this method performs well in terms of delay and link utilization.
Simulation on Operating Characteristics of Shunt DC Motor
Authors: Li Jinku , Li Hao , Guo Haizhi , Li Guohui
Published: April 2024

By comparing the literature at home and abroad, according to the working process and principle of shunt excited DC motor, the working characteristics and mechanical characteristics of the motor are analyzed by Simulink software. Among them, the working characteristics cover the speed characteristics and torque characteristics, and the mechanical characteristics include the inherent mechanical characteristics and artificial mechanical characteristics. The working characteristics of motor speed and torque are analyzed when the magnetic flux and armature resistance are changed. At the same time, the effects of changing the armature voltage, armature resistance and series resistance on the inherent and artificial characteristics of the motor, and the suggestions for starting the motor are given.
Optimal flow channel structure selection for hybrid locomotive battery pack liquid cooling system
Authors: Deng Jichen , Wang Jingyang , Zhang Ying
Published: April 2024

Simulation studies were performed on the power battery pack to determine the most suitable flow channel configuration for the liquid cooling system. The study involved conducting thermal simulation analysis on four different channel types with varying structures under specific conditions, including an ambient temperature of 25°C, coolant inlet speed of 2L/min, and inlet temperature of 25°C. Based on a comparative analysis, it can be inferred that an increase in the number of parallel flow channels leads to a degradation in the temperature performance of the battery pack while concurrently enhancing the pressure performance of the coolant. After considering all evaluation factors, the liquid cooling channel structure design for the battery pack was determined to consist of two parallel channels.
Research on the Prediction of Flight Passenger Flow in Holidays based on Machine Learning
Authors: Hou Jingwen , Ma Minshu , Li Chunyan
Published: April 2024

This article focuses on predicting holiday flight passenger flow to optimize airline resource allocation. Analyzing daily passenger data during key holidays, including New Year’s Day, Qingming Festival, Labour Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, and National Day, the study employs four machine learning models: Random Forest, Multilayer Perceptron, LightGBM, and Stacking. Findings reveal that all models effectively capture holiday flow patterns, with LightGBM demonstrating superior prediction accuracy. Moreover, creating unified models for all holidays outperforms individual holiday-specific models. The study delves into the factors influencing the varying performance of the best model across different features, providing insightful analysis and discussion.
Research on Computer-aided Adjustment and Optimization of Train Service Plan based on Passenger Flow Assignment
Authors: Yang Wenbin , He Zhenhuan , Yang Jing
Published: April 2024

According to the complex characteristics of the mutual influence of passenger flows between different train adjustment schemes, a computer-aided train service plan adjustment optimization model based on passenger flow assignment is proposed with the goal of minimizing the remaining passenger turnover. The actual operating effects of trains and the impact between different adjustment measures and between trains are also considered. A computer iterative optimization algorithm with 2 stages based on the greedy principle is designed. The computer processing is divided into two stages: train adjustment plan selection and passenger flow information analysis. The selection of adjustment schemes is feedback-corrected based on the results of passenger flow assignment. Finally, taking the train operation plan of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway as the research object, an example is demonstrated, and the results show that the model and algorithm can effectively obtain the optimal train adjustment scheme under the current conditions.
WIME Systematic Innovation Method based on 6WHI and Total Factor Matrix Analysis
Authors: Li Xianing , Hou Bing , Zhang Jiqun , Xiao Yanling , Liu Lian , Mi Lan
Published: April 2024

The involved object of systematic innovation and management is neither a single goal nor a single meth-od. Firstly, the research object is a systematic and organic whole composed of multiple node elements with a certain degree of correlation. Secondly, the research method is multi-dimensional, comprehensive, all round and highly efficient. Innovation should break through the existing thinking framework, change the existing structure, add new components, give new energy and produce new functions. The 5W1H is a questioning approach and a problem-solving method that answers all the basic elements within a problem which are what, who, when, where, why, and how. It aims to view ideas from various perspectives and gain an in-depth understanding of a specific situation. On the basis of 5W1H analysis method, this paper puts forward the 6WHI systematic innovation management method, which increases the query words weather and if of the innovation expansion solution, increases the number of questions from 6 to 8, and expands innovative forward-looking and innovative solutions diversity, with smoother pronunciation, more exciting storm. Furthermore, a systematic innovation method based on 6WHI and total factor analysis is established, and a more general and normative model WIME method is presented. This method can be utilized as a continuous process-improvement technique in an organization. Taking the 17 letters of “if question patents” as the prefix, they are just 17 common key elements in system management and innovation. For each element mentioned above, 8 questions and answers of 6WHI are given to realize systematic management and innovation. The above two types of work are arranged according to the matrix format, and then the weighted evaluation method is introduced to evaluate the above management and innovation work, so as to give a general and standardized systematic management and innovation (WIME) method.
Winter soil temperature varies with canopy cover in Siberian larch forests
Authors: Loranty Michael M , Alexander Heather D , Davydov Sergey P , Kholodov Alexander L , Kropp Heather , Mack Michelle C , Natali Susan M , Zimov Nikita S
Published: April 2024

In the Arctic, winter soil temperatures exert strong control over mean annual soil temperature and winter CO2 emissions. In tundra ecosystems there is evidence that plant canopy influences on snow accumulation alter winter soil temperatures. By comparison, there has been relatively little research examining the impacts of heterogeneity in boreal forest cover on soil temperatures. Using seven years of data from six sites in northeastern Siberia that vary in stem density we show that snow-depth and forest canopy cover exert equally strong control on cumulative soil freezing degrees days (FDDsoil). Together snow depth and canopy cover explain approximately 75% of the variance in linear models of FDDsoil and freezing n-factors (n
f; calculated as the quotient of FDDsoil and FDDair), across sites and years. Including variables related to air temperature, or antecedent soil temperatures does not substantially improve models. The observed increase in FDDsoil with canopy cover suggests that canopy interception of snow or thermal conduction through trees may be important for winter soil temperature dynamics in forested ecosystems underlain by continuous permafrost. Our results imply that changes in Siberian larch forest cover that arise from climate warming or fire regime changes may have important impacts on winter soil temperature dynamics.
Application of biostimulant consortium to increase the growth of sugarcane (Var. Cenning) in a dry land
Authors: Wahyuni S , Kalbuadi D N , Prasetyo M E R B , Putra S M , Widiastuti H , Priyono
Published: April 2024

Sugarcane is considered one of the most promising crops. The growth of the crop is affected by photosynthesis and toter and nutrient absorption by plants. Biostimulant is a non-nutrient biomaterial that is proven to improve crop growth. Based on this idea, Biostimulant technology can be used as an alternative to enhance sugarcane growth. This research aimed to assess the Biostimulant consortium (Sucrosin, humic acid, and AM fungal) to improve the growth of the sugarcane var. Cenning in a dry land. The study tested two treatments, i.e., control (standard procedures) and Biostimulant Consortium application. Sucrosin was applied on 1, 3, 4, and 5 months after planting (MAP) by using a foliar spray. Application of mycorrhizal fungi was spread around the roots area of sugarcane crops. In contrast, the application of humic acid was sprayed on the ground as a coating agent for inorganic fertilizers. Coating fertilizer is carried out by mixing a humic acid solution with as much as 1% of the fertilizer. The research showed the treatment of the Biostimulant Consortium yielded significant results in the sugarcane growth compared to the control on 8 MAP. Biostimulant Consortium can improve crop height and stem diameter significantly up to 30-40% compared to control. It indicates that the Biostimulant consortium’s treatment can improve sugarcane’s vegetative growth in s dry land.
Description of damage and loss of corn production caused by Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera Noctuidae) in West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Sari S P , Suliansyah I , Nelly N , Hamid H , Obel
Published: April 2024

Corn is the second-largest agricultural product after rice in Indonesia. The main problem faced in corn production is pests. This study aims to identify and learn the percentage of damage and lost production by the new invasive pest attack on maize in West Sumatera, Indonesia. The location took place in Padang Pariaman and Solok Districts. A survey was used in this research. The results exposed a severe attack of a new invasive pest, S. frugiperda. This pest was found in Padang Pariaman and Solok Districts. The percentage of damage by S. frugiperda in Padang Pariaman (0.71 larvae population per stem) was higher than in Solok District (0.52 larvae population per stem). Then, the population fluctuation of S. frugiperda in Padang Pariaman District was higher than in Solok district. The correlation between the population of S. frugiperda and the production of maize was carried out by regression analysis. The regression model is logarithmic, with a formula y= 380.87 ln(x) + 28 and a value R2= 1 for Batang Anai Subdistrict, and y = 213.52 ln(x) + 35 and a value R2= 1 for Kampung Dalam Subdistrict, Padang Pariaman. Then a formula y= 474.65ln(x) + 11 with a value R2= 1 for Tanah Garam Subdistrict, Solok, and y= 367.89ln(x) + 12 with a value R2= 1 for Tikalak Subdistrict, Solok. S. frugiperda is a new invasive pest, and the vegetative phase is susceptible to S. frugiperda on maize. This pest can cause lost production. If this pest is controlled too late, it can reduce the production of maize. Therefore, farmers must know the right time to control this pest.
Refuge plants and jajar legowo systems increasing the useful arthropods population and the rice yield
Authors: Saleh S , Made U , Yunus M , Hasriyanty  , Anshary A , Piri RL
Published: April 2024

Ecological engineering has become a promising strategy for restoring paddy field biodiversity and enhancing yield. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of refuge plants and cropping systems on the population of useful arthropods and rice production. The study was conducted on a paddy field in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, using a Split Plot Design. The main plots were refuge plants with four treatments, namely rice without refuge crops, rice crops with wild Cosmos (C. caudatus), marigold (Tagetes erecta), and both flower plants as the refuges, whereas two cropping systems, i.e., the jajar legowo system (JLS) of 2:1 and the symmetries system (SS) was set up as a sub-plot. Direct observation and collection of the arthropods were carried out using yellow-pan traps and a sweep net. The parasitoid eggs were reared at the laboratory. In addition, rice growth and yields were measured. The refuge plants and cropping system had no significant effects on the overall arthropods population but changed their diversity and community structure and increased the proportion of useful arthropods as well. Meanwhile, rice production in the JLS (5.16 tons GKG ha−1) was significantly higher than those of the SS (4.10 tons GKG ha−1), and this was in line with the differences in the panicles number in both cropping systems. The study highlighted the importance of the implementation of ecological engineering at the paddy fields by using the flower plants as the refuge and food sources for the beneficial organisms combined by JLS for enhancing the rice yields.
On the home-visiting dragons: a year-round observation of dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata) entering an urban residence
Authors: Janra M N , Herwina H , Jefrial
Published: April 2024

Wildlife intrusion into human settlement and residency has long been viewed as a disturbance rather than regarded from other perspectives, such as wildlife welfare or conservation. Insects were part of that wildlife that were considered as pests or nuisances whenever their existence intersected with human livelihood. In this study, we documented a year-round (August 2019 to August 2020) observation of dragonflies intruding into a residence in the densely populated urban area in Padang City, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The study used the descriptive method, where the data was recorded from any occasion an individual or more dragonflies entered the house. The observation recorded the date and time of entry, species identification, and sex which was later analyzed. During the observation, we recorded 41 individuals entering the residence. They were classified into two damselfly species (Zygoptera) and ten valid dragonfly species (Anisoptera). Orthetrum sabina, Tholymis tillarga and Gynacantha dorhni became the most recorded species with 8, 7, and 7 total individuals, respectively. With 12 individuals recorded in a month, February 2020 was the most dragonfly-intruded period, much higher than the intrusion rate of 2.8 individuals per month. Dragonflies were observed entering the residence at midday (10 individuals), afternoon (12 individuals), evening (11 individuals) or night (8 individuals); this might suggest that night lighting might be what caused them to get into the residence. Both sexes were equal (18 females, 20 males, and three unsexed). The availability of tiny prey insects within the settlement area is another causative factor in this phenomenon. This intrusion should be alarming that the urbanization processes need to be reconsidered to be more ecological-friendly.
Characterization of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) in Nagari Giri Maju, West Pasaman Regency based on fruit morphological characteristics
Authors: Sari M D , Hayati P K D , Gustian  , Kuswandi
Published: April 2024

The avocado plant is cross-pollinated; thus, each plant has a different genetic fashion. This research was carried out in 2020 in Luhak Nan Duo District, West Pasaman Regency. The research aimed to obtain information about the morphological characteristics and describe the diversity of avocado plants in Nagari Giri Maju, the center of avocado production in Luhak Nan Duo District, West Pasaman Regency. The research used a survey method with purposive sampling as a sample collecting design. Morphological characterization was carried out on avocado fruit. Exploration and characterization conducted successfully identified 238 accessions of avocado that showed variability in fruit shape, ripe fruit skin color, ripe fruit flesh color, fruit flesh texture, and fibrous within fruit flesh. Wide variability was detected only for fruit weight. Ten potential avocado accessions were obtained from the characterization with the following characteristics, i.e., oval fruit shape, grade A fruit weight, green color of ripe fruit peel, and buttery and non-fibrous fruit flesh texture. Hence, the accessions can be recommended for new potential avocado varieties. Based on qualitative traits, cluster analysis resulted in seven groups with a 38% degree of similarity.
Review of The Diversity of Macrochelid Mites from Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Hartini S , Fatimah  , Dwibadra D
Published: April 2024

Macrochelidae is known as one of the acarine biocontrol agents which target agricultural pests. In this article, we conducted a literature review of the species of Macrochelidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) in Sumatra, Indonesia. The association between Macrochelid mite and insects and their potential use are also discussed. Most of the Macrochelid mites were collected from the surface body of dung beetles Scarabaeidae, captured by baited pitfall trap (human dung trap). Twenty-two species of Macrochelidae belonging to 5 genera are found in Sumatra. None of them is endemic, and there have been no reports of the use of Macrochelid for the agricultural system on this island so far. Therefore, intensive research on Macrochelidae on Sumatra Island is needed.
Effects of Accumulated Growing Degree Days (GDDs) on Sesame (Sesamum indicum) Growth and Yield under Greenhouse Condition in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Quang P V , Nha D V , Hang N T T , Phuoc L H , Xuan N T T
Published: April 2024

Sesame has high nutritional value, sesame seeds contain oil, protein, sugar, water, ash, and two kinds of oleic acid and linoleic acid; sesame is commonly used in the diet or as a vegetable oil. Sesame is grown in many tropical countries, and the optimum temperature for sesame growth is 25-30 °C. Due to climate change, the temperature is increasing, in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam, the temperature in summer can reach nearly 35 °C. The research question is whether high air temperature affects sesame growth and yield. To answer the above question, the study was conducted in greenhouse conditions in An Giang province with different temperature conditions, including 3 extreme chambers from 32.7, 32.9, and 34°C; automatic fan and a misting system for to control temperature. Black sesame plants were grown in 42 pot (34 x 28 x 28cm), each chamber with 4 plants per pot. All pots were filled with the same amount of alluvial soil (Fluvi Mollic Gleysols). Results showed that accumulated growing degree days in chambers 1, 2, and 3 were 2115, 2019, and 1994 GDDs, respectively. At 2115 GDDs gave the highest value of fresh biomass (1417g/pot), dry biomass (276 g/pot), dry weight capsule (109 g/pot), and dry seeds (51 g/pot). Regarding harvest index, chamber 3 with 1994 GDDs gave the highest harvest index of 0.22; the other chambers were in the range of harvest index of 0.18-0.20. In conclusion, under greenhouse conditions with 2115 GDDs is ideal for the growth and yield performance of black sesame.
Changing agricultural practices as a result of variable water resource availability in a hilly area of An Giang province, Vietnam
Authors: Huynh D N , Pham V H T , Duong N V
Published: April 2024

Located in the Southwest of the Mekong Delta in Vietnam, An Giang province is an important center of agricultural production, especially rice cultivation. Climate change impacts are one of several man-made factors affecting water resource availability for agriculture in the province. It is recognized that new solutions are crucial to adapt to the present and future conditions of a scarcer water supply. This paper explores climate factors affecting water resource availability in agriculture and some recent adaptations being adopted by farmers in one district of An Giang province. Hydro-meteorological data was collected together with in-depth interviews as a tool to point to proximate changes in water status and availability and to evaluate local inhabitants’ awareness of climate risks and adaptive strategies. The results noted that climate factors (temperature, humidity, annual rainfall) have altered over time, causing decreased availability of water supplies for agriculture. Recognizing this situation, both structural adaptation and non-structural solutions may occur simultaneously to maintain agricultural production efficiency. The types of crops, tolerant varieties, and irrigation projects suitable for various geographical areas were considered for more adaptive agriculture production locally. To address some of the problems that farmers face, water-saving technologies are an essential part of a range of potential solutions to maintain agricultural production and protect the environment in the future.
Effect of organic substrates on growth, yield, and quality of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)
Authors: Chau N T M , Diem N T T
Published: April 2024

The experiment was conducted on organic substrates to determine the efficiency of reusing waste on spinach growth, yield, quality, and economic efficiency. The result showed treatment 2 (the mix of coffee grounds, cow manure, abalone mushroom residue, and rice husk ash) and treatment 6 (coffee grounds, cow manure, abalone mushroom residue, rice husk ash, and soil) were the best results in 9 treatments. Analysis of nutrition showed that these substrates had total N > 0.11%, P205 > 0.22%, and K2O > 7.39%. Treatment 2 had 25.0 cm of tree height and 29.1 leaves/tree. Leaf length, leaf width (23.8 cm - 8.3 cm), canopy diameter (23.9 cm), chlorophyll 39,6 SPAD Units, root length 14.3 cm, and stem diameter 0.8 cm. The average tree weight and theoretical yield had the highest (76.0 g-2.50 tons/1000 m2). The dry matter percentage was recorded at 12.9%. Treatment 6 was the treatment with the highest Vitamin C content (0.12%). The results of profit, capital efficiency, and marginal income index of treatment two were recorded (45.3 million VND/1000 m2-2.2 - 21.6). The formula, including coffee grounds, cow manure, abalone mushroom residue, and rice husk ash, was the best prospect for application in production practices.
Effects of Temperature and CO2 on Growth and Yield of Corn (Zea mays L.) under Climate Change in An Giang Province Vietnam
Authors: Phuoc L H , Xuan N T T , Tanh N T N , Suliansyah I , Arlius F , Chaniago I , Kha N N M , Quang P V
Published: April 2024

At the present time, climate change causing increasing temperature, dryness and CO2 has exposed negative impacts on crops. In this study, four independent chambers were built to establish the expectation of different temperatures between the chambers. The experiment was carried out from January to March 2021 at An Giang University experimental area. Corn variety “Gold 58” was grown in 42 pots (34x28x28cm) in a chamber, 2 plants/pot. Temperature and CO2 were hourly recorded. Plant height, leaf number, stover biomass were measured every 10 days period. The results showed that days to maturity in 4 chambers ranged from 62 to 67 days and accumulated temperature from transplanting or sowing to maturity (Tsum) varied from 1976 to 2077 0C d. The average of CO2 concentration of 10 days period in the chambers varied from 527.5 to 558.3 ppm at daytime and 626.1 to 744.4 ppm at night-time (highest in chamber 1). Plant height at harvest in chamber 1 was 306.7 ± 11.5 cm, while it was decreased by 6.1%; 11.7% in chambers 3 and 4. Total biomass above the ground in chamber 2, 3, 4 also significantly declined by 25.2%; 31.6% and 36.4% at harvest, respectively. Fruit yield also reduced by 14.3%, 34.9% and 34.1% respectively compared to chamber 1. Observed versus simulated comparison by our crop-model (based on R language programing) resulted in RRMSE value less than 8.2%. NSE index (Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency) of the models greater than 0.75 show that the models have high reliability.