bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contemporary British Georgic Writing
Authors: Gifford Terry
Published: February 2022

Do we need the modish term “eco-georgics” to help us discover the unsentimental, holistic, healing qualities in the best georgic writing of the Anthropocene? When were georgics not “eco”? Is there a “post-georgic” in some forms of contemporary literature that seem to reject husbandry altogether, such as rewilding texts? Do such categories serve any purpose to readers and critics in the Anthropocene? This essay argues that such careful distinctions do, indeed, matter more than ever now as we reconsider our sustainable options in husbandry, land-management and what sustainability might look like, as it is represented and explored in our poetry, fiction and non-fiction georgic literature in Britain at the present. One might expect contemporary georgic writing to exemplify the environmental engagement implied in the term “eco-georgic”. In fact, contemporary georgic can be environmentally radical or apparently indirect in its implications for sustainability. It remains as diverse, hybrid and composted in the past as Virgil’s original text. This essay begins by considering definitions, with reference to Virgil’s founding Latin text, begun in the third decade BCE, the Georgics. It recognises Laura Sayre’s complaint that ecocriticism has neglected georgic writing, and argues that this is certainly true for contemporary British georgic texts. Briefly, attention is drawn to five volumes of georgic poetry before the essay focuses on contemporary georgic fiction and non-fiction. The novels of Cynan Jones, Tom Bullough, Marie-Elsa Bragg and Tim Pears are discussed and contrasted with one by Melissa Harrison that might mistakenly be thought of as georgic. Three categories of non-fiction are identified and discussed with examples: instructional georgic, personal memoir and future-oriented georgic. Consideration of the latter leads to conclusions about their inevitable overlaps and a final call for a radical twenty-first century animism to embed enchantment into contemporary georgic writing
Georgic Echoes in 'The Long Dry' and 'The Dig' by Cynan Jones
Authors: Monaco Angelo
Published: February 2022

From his debut novel, The Long Dry (2006), to his most recent, Stillicide (2019), the non-human has played a prominent role in Cynan Jones’ fiction. Of Jones’ texts, The Long Dry and The Dig (2014) specifically engage with cultivation, farming, and raising livestock in a Welsh rustic setting. Both novels present a rural world that resists idealised forms of representing nature as some kind of idyll, thus calling into question the separation between human and non-human. Starting from this premise, my working hypothesis is that the relationship between human and non-human constitutes a relevant trope in Jones’ fiction since they are both caught in the very same moment of crisis, change and transformation. To this end, I would like to read The Long Dry and The Dig through Timothy Morton’s idea of the mesh that connects human to non-human. Firstly, I will discuss the generic features of the novels, such as shifting focalisation and temporal disorientation which can be said to favour an encounter between storytelling and material reality. Secondly, I will address Jones’ interest in the erosion of the border between human and non-human, illustrating the affective bonds and sensory ties that connect both dimensions. Taken together, Jones’ novels entail a deep eco-georgic stance in that rural life is recast in terms of a thematic and material space that brings together human and non-human, conflating change and crisis, failure and success.
Polar Bear in 'Fortitude'. Affective Aesthetics and Politics of Climate Change
Authors: Mäntymäki Helen
Published: February 2022

In the first season of TV Eco Noir crime series Fortitude (2015) the polar bear appears as a sticky object that embodies an ambiguous affective charge as an icon of global warming. This article discusses the ways in which the polar bear evokes viewer affect in the series through two discourses. The first one relates to violence, essentially present in crime narratives, and how the human and nonhuman animal are positioned in relation to global warming, violence and each other. It lifts up questions of place and belonging in a local and global context and detects how the polar bear is constructed in terms of stranger danger and victimization in relation to human animals and the threat of global warming.  The second one targets the ways in which the polar bear is rendered sticky as the object of the human gaze and how this process of human animals looking at artistic bear photos both constructs and deconstructs the subject-object relation, hierarchy and agency. Methodologically, the article draws on “close looking” and the main theoretical starting points are ecocriticism and affect theory. The article argues that the representation of the polar bear contributes in essential ways to the socially and environmentally critical emphasis essential in contemporary crime narratives including Fortitude:  the distracting and emotionally charged representation of the polar bear evokes ambiguous affective responses in viewers. Thus, as the article further argues, a representation of this kind is capable of—and liable to— inducing a higher consciousness of the present environmental crisis than a more straight-forward, less affectively charged representation.
Prevalence And Diagnosis of Acute Leukaemia - Experience in 50 Cases in AFIP
Authors: Nabi Md. Nurun , Mamdu Mosammath Khadiza , Siddika Ayesha , Aziz Md. Abdul
Published: February 2022

Background: Haematological malignancies covers a wide range of diseases ranging from acute leukaemia to different type of lymphoproliferative disorders among which acute leukemia is a major concern all over the world. Objective: To evaluate the diagnosis of acute leukemia by morphological and immunophenotypic study. To find out the prevalence of acute leukemia among the 50 patients attending in the department Haematology, Armed forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Dhaka Cantonment. Materials and method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Haematology, Armed forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Dhaka Bangladesh from January 2008 to December 2008. Total of 50 patients were included after fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Out of 50 patients, 38 (76%) cases are in the age group of 06 months to 15 years followed by 12 (24%) patients belong to the age group of 16 to more than 75 years. Amongst the respondents 58% were male and 42% were female. Morphology of the bone marrow samples revealed that 19 (38%) cases were acute myeloid leukemia, 29 (58%) were found to be acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 02 (04%) were indistinguishable. Whether, from immunophenotyping of 50 cases, 14 (28%) were reported as acute myeloid leukemia, 32 (64%) were acute lymphoblastic leukemia and both bi-phenotypic and undifferentiated acute leukaemia were 02 (04%) of each. Conclusion: Acute lymphoid leukaemia was the commonest type of acute leukaemia. Male predominance was seen in all acute types of leukemia and age has a significant effect on the type of leuakemia.
Pattern of Immunophenotypic Aberrant Expression in De-Novo Acute Leukaemia
Authors: Islam Kazi Mohammad Kamrul , Jahan Israt , Masud Md Adnan Hasan , Hossain Md. Golzar , Mahzabin Nishat , Rahman Md. Arif-Ur- , Ahmed Munim , Rahman Mujahida , Shah Md. Salahuddin , Aziz Md. Abdul , Begum Masuda , Yunus A B M
Published: February 2022

Background: Aberrant expression (AE) of Acute Leukaemia (AL) is essential to confirm the diagnosis of AL patients whether it is biphenotypic/mix phenotypic AL or it is AL with AE. Objectives:  This study is conducted to observe the diversity of aberrant immunophenotypic expressions among the patients of acute leukaemia with varying frequencies, to find out the correlation between aberrantly expressed immunophenotypic markers with different variety of French American British (FAB) sub classification of acute leukaemia and any correlation of clinical presentation of AL patients with aberrantly expressed immunophenotypic markers. Methodology: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the department of Haematology, BSMMU, Bangladesh on 50 patients from 14 to 65 years of age of both sex of newly diagnosed de- novo untreated AL patients from January 2017 to June 2018. Informed written consent & clinical history is taken and physical examinations were done in a predesigned data collection sheet. Then Bone marrow (BM) with peripheral blood sample for morphology and immunophenotyping were done in the laboratory of the Haematology department of BSMMU. After collection of data, these data were analysed for the final result. Result: In this study, 24 (48%) patients of de-novo Acute Leukaemia have Immunophenotypic aberrant expressions. Among them 12 (24%) patients were AML with AE, 9 (18%) patients were B ALL with AE, 3 (6%) patients were T ALL with AE and 2 (4%) patients were MPAL. In case of AML the most frequent Lymphoid aberrant marker is CD7 (12%), In B ALL the most frequent aberrant marker is CD5 (10%) and in T ALL the most frequent aberrant marker is CD10 (4%). Conclusion: In de-novo acute leukaemia, there is significant number of patients have aberrant expression which should be differentiated from biphenotypic/mix phenotypic AL for therapeutic and prognostic implications.
Suitable Effective Mode of Administration of Intravenous Ara-C in Acute Leukaemias
Authors: Irshadullah Naseeb Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Abstract:

Ara-c is a commonly used drug in acute leukaemias. In different stages of treatment dose and mode of administration of this drug is variable. It is usually considered as a cell cycle specific drug, but except in ‘standard’ induction of remission therapy for acute myelogenous leukaemia it is not usually given by continuous infusion in other conditions. This article discusses about the different intravenous modes of administration of ara-c in AML induction chemotherapy, their outcomes, and urges for trials to find out a suitable mode of administration of this common drug.

Keywords: cytosine arabinoside, arabinocytosar, arabinosyl cytarabine, ara-c, cytarabine
Irish Youth, Materialism and Postfeminism: The Critique behind the Romance in "Normal People"
Authors: Barros del Río María Amor
Published: February 2022

Normal People, the TV series, aired in Ireland during the pandemic lockdown in spring 2020 and became an instant hit. This romantic drama, based on Sally Rooney’s acclaimed novel, offers an updated representation of the tensions inherent in the process of growing up for Irish youth, a context extensive to other Western countries. The aim of this article is to explore the critique behind the romance through an in-depth interpretation of the protagonists’ problematic process of coming-of-age. For this purpose, the dramatic aspects of this cinematic narrative are explored in terms of composition, narration and focalization. Under the critical lens of postfeminism, this article analyses how psychological violence and explicit and rough sex are used in the series as forms of (mis)communication, with a particular interest in the combination of camera work, dialogues and silences. Finally, this article assesses to what extent Normal People naturalizes mundane life and succeeds in adhering to the romantic plot within the frame of neoliberal and postfeminist values.
The Actuality of a World: What Ceases Not to Be Written
Authors: Ronen Ruth
Published: February 2022

“There is no longer any world,” wrote the late philosopher Jean-Luc Nancy in 1993, and in this paper, the sense of this loss of world is analysed in terms of the modal notions of necessity, impossibility, and possibility. Modal differentiation can illuminate what constitutes the sense of actuality in a world, and hence, what it is that has been lost regarding this actuality of being in a world. Modal thinking does not rely on knowledge of the true state of affairs, nor on having a constant grasp on necessity: modal thinking enables us to discern the actual by way of the relations between necessity, possibility, and impossibility. It is on the basis of these relations that a mode of rethinking actuality is suggested. In order to pursue this line of thought, I rely on Jacques Lacan’s understanding of modalities as writing operations, concentrating mostly on certain sections from his Seminar XXI (1973–1974), wherein he refers to Aristotelian modal logic and mentions the analytic philosopher Jaakko Hintikka (as one of Aristotle’s commentators). This ternary relation between Aristotle, Hintikka, and Lacan suggests a different outlook on the actual being-such of a world. The being-such of a world, its actuality, is understood as a contingency (what ceases not to be written), a possibility emerging from the relation between what is declared necessary and what is impossible. The paper shows the implications of such a modal understanding of actuality, as demonstrated in Lacan’s view of human sexuality and sexual difference.
The Anatomy of the World
Authors: Germek Magdalena
Published: February 2022

In this article, we discuss Badiou’s concept of the world through the somewhat unusual metaphor of “the anatomy of the world”. The anatomy of the world allows us to approach the concept of the world through the idea of ​​its constitution, architecture, structure – its anatomy. But as we show in the first part of the text, in order to derive the anatomy of the world, we need a corpse of the world – the world must die. Following the philosophy of Alain Badiou, we demonstrate that the world in its objective existence is indifferent to the question of life and death. Whether the world lives or dies depends only on the realisation of the truth procedures in the world on the basis of which the world is subjectivised. The world suffers from mortifying impulses, as the reactive and obscure forms of subjectivity actively work against the realisation of truths in the world. Through the artistic presentations of anatomy by Rembrandt van Rijn and John Donne, we also elaborate the tense relationship between the corpse of the world (from the perspective of the scientific procedure of truth) and the life of the world (from the perspective of the artistic procedure of truth). Although art often sees science as something that kills the world, our final point is that the world can also come to life through science.
Capital, Logic of the World
Authors: Nesbitt Nick
Published: February 2022

Despite his longstanding silence regarding Marx’s Capital, I wish here to argue that Badiou has in fact, in the three volumes of Being and Event, produced the materials for a contemporary logic of the capitalist social form. He has done so, however, in the form of an arsenal of abstract concepts that have yet to be precisely measured against Marx’s critical and formal reproduction of capitalism, the systematic exposition of which consumes the three volumes of Capital. I first argue that Badiou’s general disinterest in the logic of capitalism and Marx’s Capital specifically takes on a strongly symptomatic, spectral presence in the 1994-1995 seminar Lacan: Anti-philosophy 3. Secondly, while it is true that Badiou’s Logics of Worlds never discusses the logic of appearance that governs all capitalist things (i.e. commodities), it is possible nonetheless to read Logics as an abstract translation and formalisation of Marx’s Capital. In this view, Capital should quite simply be read as a systematic demonstration of the logic of what Marx calls the capitalist social form, which is to say, in Badiou’s jargon, the logic or science of the appearance of things in the capitalist world. In a sense, then, this means nothing more, though nothing less, than subjecting the Logics of Worlds to a Marxian torsion: in order to demonstrate that which Badiou has neglected, Marx has in fact already accomplished (with his own specific formal, conceptual, and discursive means), i.e. the systematic, synthetic demonstration of the necessary forms of the appearance of commodities in the capitalist social form.
Architecture and the Distribution of the Sensible
Authors: Grabar Nika
Published: February 2022

Following Theodor W. Adorno’s reading of architecture as a purposeful art, the article explores how the social dimension is inscribed into the purposes ascribed to architecture by establishing a relation between what Adorno calls a sense of architectural space and the distribution of the sensible as defined by Jacques Rancière. Considering Rancière’s understanding of the political dimension of different “regimes of art”, the article attempts to show how similar observations can be made regarding architecture. What implications do these regimes of architecture have for the constitution of a common world, given architecture’s vast spatio-temporal presence?
How the True World Finally Became Virtual Reality
Authors: Longo Anna
Published: February 2022

As David J. Chalmers claims, “virtual reality is a sort of genuine reality, virtual objects are real objects, and what goes on in virtual reality is truly real.” In this paper, I will suggest that the philosophical hypothesis that we might live in a simulation can be considered to be the last and most nihilistic episode in the series of narrations about the true and apparent worlds that Nietzsche sketched in The Twilight of the Idols. I will argue that Nietzsche’s prediction about the obliteration of the apparent world has actually been fulfilled by Chalmers, and I will show why his theory must be considered one of the many fables that humans have been producing in order to organise the world according to their own ends.
Spectres of Eternal Return: Benjamin and Deleuze Read Leibniz
Authors: Levin Noa
Published: February 2022

The late reflections of G.W. Leibniz on eternal return have often been dismissed as insignificant as regards his wider philosophy. This may be due to the prevalent championing of his optimistic views on the continual progress of humanity, which seem to contradict the notion of eternal return. Walter Benjamin and Gilles Deleuze both put forward concepts of eternal return that form part of their respective critiques of historical progress, yet these have rarely been read in conjunction with their views on Leibniz. This article argues, first, that for Leibniz progress and return are not contradictory, and second, that Benjamin’s and Deleuze’s concepts of return were informed, in different ways, by their readings of Leibniz, and specifically by his conception of multiple worlds as the spatial equivalent of eternal return. In doing so I will shed light on the contribution of Leibniz’s philosophy not only to the progressive theories of history put forward during the Enlightenment, but also to the critique of these very visions.
Customized Pedagogical Recommendation Using Automated Planning for Sequencing Based on Bloom's Taxonomy
Authors: Costa Newarney Torrezão , José de Almeida Denis , Oliveira Gustavo Prado , Fernandes Márcia Aparecida
Published: February 2022

Personalized sequencing and recommendation of pedagogical actions in virtual learning environments are relevant aspects in promoting an effective learning process with computer-aided support. Hence, this work investigates the use of automated planning to sequence these actions according to student profiles. Actions are modeled to correspond to the cognitive process described by Bloom’s Taxonomy, and the student profile is set using the Revised Approaches to Studying Inventory. Both models share theoretical foundations linked to the cognitive process, and the mapping of these two theories is one of the contributions merged into this study. In planning, through use of a genetic algorithm and the problem formulation as an optimization problem, one can correctly manage the search for good solutions, as demonstrated in this work. Through use of Digital Bloom’s Taxonomy, one arrives at a recommend set of actions. Experiments were performed using 41 students. The results were promising and demonstrate the viability of the proposal.
Effects of Pairing Methods Based on Digital Textbook Logs and Learner Artifacts in Conceptual Modeling Exercises
Authors: Nishio Toshiki , Mouri Kousuke , Tanaka Takafumi , Okamoto Masaru , Matsubara Yukihiro
Published: February 2022

This paper describes the effects of a pairing method based on digital textbook logs and learners’ artifacts in conceptual modeling exercises. We developed a digital textbook system called Smart E-textbook Application (SEA) and a conceptual modeling tool called KIfU 3.0 to collect conceptual modeling activity logs in exercises. This study proposes a method that makes pairs of learners for group work by considering the characteristics of the artifacts created by them and digital textbook logs. An initial evaluation was conducted to evaluate the learning effects of our proposed pairing method compared to the random pairing method. From its results, this study found the discussion patterns and digital textbook browsing status in the maximum value of improvement and deterioration points of learners’ artifacts in the conceptual modeling.
Preliminary Results of the Yodhawewa Archaeological Research in Sri Lanka - 2018: Exploration, Excavations, Findings, and Radiocarbon Datings
Authors: Wijepala W. M. T. B. , Young S. M. , Ishiga H.
Published: February 2022

This archaeological research aimed to investigate the authentic metalworking activities of the Yodhawewa area and examine contemporary socio-economic movements based on discovered material culture. The entire research work was carried out in 2018 based on a surface survey and two excavations in an area of about 201600m2 on the outskirts of Yodhawewa reservoir. The C14 chronology confirms the 1st-8th centuries activities, and in this research obtained a considerable artefacts collection related to metal extraction, copper metalwork, and crucible steel production. This research also discovered that half of a lower spherical (crucible-typed) metal furnace was used to produce crucible steel for the first time in Sri Lanka. Artefacts such as coins, BRW, RW, and some porcelain prove that the site maintained cultural relations with India and China in the c. 1st century and 8th century AD. Other artefacts of this site include ceramics, beads, faunal remains, minerals, and rocks that have been used for human needs for a considerable period. This article discusses at length the archaeological evidence that the Yodhawewa region is a metalworking site that has been active since the early historical period of Sri Lanka and a place that reflects national and international cultural relations.
“Thrikkaṇamathilakam” as a Jain Centre
Authors: Rizvan P. S.
Published: February 2022

Mathilakam played an important role in the development of the Jain tradition in Kerala. It is considered in the Saṅgam period, Thrikkaṇamathilakam was a famous Jain centre during the Chēra dynasty rule. There is a popular opinion that Mathilakam as ancient Kuṇavayiṛ kõttam, Thrikkaṇamathilakam or Thirukkuṇāvai, the place where Iḷaṃgo Aḍigaḷ composed his epic Cilppadikāram. This paper is an attempt to shed fresh light on the unexplored corners of the history of Thrikkaṇamathilakam as a Jain centre. There are various inscriptions mentioned about Kuṇavayiṛ kõttam, Thrikkaṇamathilakam, or Thirukkuṇāvai. This inscriptional analysis can be termed as a landmark in the history of Jainism in Kerala. Fragmentary inscriptions from Mathilakam, which have been read with the help of an epigraphist, can be marked as an original contribution to this study. In this paper, the author included all the inscriptions chronologically related to the region. On the other side, this study is an answer to the question, i.e., “what was the contribution of Chēra to Thrikkaṇamathilakam?”, “what was the reason behind the decline of Thrikkaṇamathilakam?” etc. This research is interdisciplinary in many aspects and focuses on the closer look and scientific documentation of Mathilakam based on historical, archaeological, inscriptional and literature aspects.
McConnel sign, a simple highly specific sign for identification of a frequent, under diagnosed association: pulmonary embolism and syncope
Authors: Pellizzari Luca , Ferronato Camilla , Variola Andrea , Setti Martina , Di Francesco Vincenzo
Published: February 2022

Syncope is a common reason for emergency room visits and hospital admission and, in about one patient out of six it can be a manifestation of pulmonary embolism (PE). The prognosis of this condition is largely dependent on the timing of diagnosis and treatment since early anticoagulation may modify the clinical consequences of PE and further loss of consciousness. In this article, we describe the case of a woman presenting with syncope, who showed at the admission a cardiac ultrasound highly specific cluster of signs of pulmonary embolism. This rapid non-invasive evaluation permitted to identify causal diagnosis and to speed up the clinical process.
O branju izvirnih besedil pri pouku klasičnih jezikov
Authors: Inkret Andreja
Published: February 2022

Članek prinaša synkrisis dveh načinov, s pomočjo katerih učitelji klasičnih jezikov učencem pomagamo pri bralnem razumevanju izvirnih latinskih in starogrških besedil. Prvi način predstavlja postopek prevajanja po skladenjski prioriteti, ki ga pri pouku klasičnih jezikov tradicionalno spodbujamo v našem prostoru; drugega povezujemo predvsem z alternativnimi metodami poučevanja klasičnih jezikov (npr. z metodo bralnega pristopa, ki se je uveljavila v anglosaksonskem prostoru) in pomeni tehniko linearnega branja. S soočenjem obeh bralnih tehnik prispevek načenja nekatera temeljna vprašanja didaktike pouka klasičnih jezikov (učnih ciljev, razmerja med prevajanjem in bralnim razumevanjem, specifik branja izvirnih besedil v klasičnih jezikih), ponudi pa tudi nekaj primerov vaj in praktičnih strategij, ki so nam lahko v pomoč pri spodbujanju bralnega razumevanja ter pri senzibiliziranju učencev za branje latinskih in starogrških literarnih besedil.
Tragična lepota
Authors: Valijev Sergej
Published: February 2022

V članku osvetljujem nekatere ključne vidike Dejanejrine tragične usode. Začnem s prikazom Sofoklove uporabe tragične ironije, ki izvira iz Dejanejrinega nepopolnega poznavanja smisla lastnih besed, in nadaljujem z opisom njenega prvega tragičnega spoznanja, ko se ob spoznanju resničnega vzroka Heraklovega napada Ojhalije zamajejo temelji njenega življenja. V pretresenosti se kljub pomislekom odloči za usodno dejanje. Toda tega dejanja ne moremo imeti zgolj za nepremišljenost, temveč ga moramo razumeti na ozadju brezizhodnosti njenega bivanjskega položaja. Njeno drugo tragično spoznanje, spoznanje o tem, da je v ljubezni zadala smrtno rano svojemu ljubljenemu, dokončno utrdi občutje brezupnosti, iz katerega Dejanejra vidi izhod le v smrti. A v njenih ganljivo upodobljenih trenutkih slovesa se lahko še enkrat zavemo tragične lepote te ženske, ki ji je njena neomajna ljubezen paradoksno vzela smisel življenja.
Osnovna šola s štiriletnim latinskim programom
Authors: Pirkmajer Slokan Aleksandra
Published: February 2022

Predmet obravnave je iz nižjegimnazijskega klasičnega programa leta 1958 rojeni štiriletni osnovnošolski latinski program (ŠOLP) za učence med 11. in 15. letom, ki predstavlja s kulturno-civilizacijskimi vsebinami smotrno obogateno jezikovno jedro zgodnjega humanističnega programa, je zaključena celota in hkrati predpogoj za oživitev gimnazijske nadgradnje. Priložen je predlog programa, kako pomagati javnemu ŠOLP-u z dna, kamor je, do konca osemletke dovolj trdoživ in uspešen, strmoglavil – zaradi neustreznih normativov, ne pomanjkanja interesa – ob uvedbi devetletke in kjer je preživotaril njeno prvo oziroma svojo šesto dekado (2008–2018) ter se vita minima znašel na pragu sedme (2018–).
Janez Krizostom
Authors: John Chrysostom  , Bogataj Jan Dominik
Published: February 2022

Prevedena homilija spada v serijo 67-ih homilij o 1 Mojzesovi knjigi (Homiliae in Genesin, CPG 4409), ki jih je Janez Krizostom (347–407), morda največji govorec krščanske antike, pripravil najverjetneje za postni čas leta 388, ko je še kot duhovnik deloval v Antiohiji. V prvem delu homilije (1–3) antiohijski govorec svoje poslušalce okara, ker nekateri izmed njih niso upoštevali njegovega duhovnega učenja in so raje zahajali na konjske dirke. Kara njihovo nehvaležnost za njegov trud s tem, da spominja na priliko o talentih, obenem pa jih spodbuja, da si prizadevajo, da bi njih, ki hodijo rajši na dirke, zopet pripeljali nazaj v cerkev, k duhovni hrani, ki jo daje sam Gospod. S to temo se homilija tudi nadaljuje, ko v drugem, daljšem delu (3–7) Krizostom prične z razlago dogodka obiska Abrahama pri Mamrejevih hrastih (1 Mz 18,1-15), pri čemer poudarja predvsem vzvišeni zgled Abrahamove gostoljubnosti do tujcev.
Molecular studies on extra-pulmonary tuberculosis among patients attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Mohammad A.B. , Zakari F. , Yusuf A.S. , Sani N.M. , Gwarzo A.M. , Iliya S. , Gwarzo F.S. , Mukhtar M.D.
Published: February 2022

In 2010 World Health Organization reported that, one third of the World population had tuberculosis, and it is among the infectious disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a successful pathogen that has evolved several mechanisms to manipulate the host immune response. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of extra-pulmonary TB in patient that visited DOTs clinic, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano Nigeria for treatment. A prospective cross-sectional laboratory based study that involved the use of questionnaire and consent/assent form prior to sample collection. Extra pulmonary tuberculosis samples were tested by MTB/RIF assay using GeneXpert. Descriptive statistics was used to analyzed the data obtained and results were given in charts and tables. Out of 71 samples analyzed along with positive control (H37RV) and molecular grade water as a negative control, 3 (4.2 %) samples had extra-pulmonary TB, among which 2 (2.8 %) were from urine samples and 1 (1.4 %) from acetic fluid. This study shows the existence of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in the study area; and the tuberculosis was sensitive Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is therefore important to make screening of patients with sign and symptoms of extra pulmonary tuberculosis using Xpert MTB/RIF assay as regular method for extra pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis. This will be achieved through enlightenment of the clinicians in our health facilities, our States and local governments should strengthen the laboratory capacity for diagnosis and make the services available and reachable to the patients who need them.
Linear programming application in optimal allocation of buses to inter and intra state routes from Katsina State Transport Authority Service, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi I. , Usman S. , Aliyu S.I. , Yusuf H.B. , Kabir G.I. , Agaie B.G.
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we study Linear Programming application in optimal allocation of Buses to inter and intra state routes from Katsina State transport authority services to maximize profit and boost the state’s internally generated revenue. The problem was formulated from the data collected at their headquarters and by taking into consideration all the constraints. The TORA (a software for finding solution to linear programming problems) was used to obtained the solution to the model which yielded the maximum objective value of ₦729, 578 daily after 16 iterations. This gives better result when compared to the current initiative schedule by the authority that yields ₦584, 652 per day. By the recommendation schedule, the State will be getting additional ₦144,926.00 daily which translates to 24.8% daily profit increase and over ₦4,000,000.00 monthly when implemented.
Evaluation of the toxicity profile of Bridelia ferruginea methanol stem bark extract
Authors: Galalain A. M. , Aliyu B.S.
Published: February 2022

The present research was carried out to investigate the toxicity profile of Bridelia ferruginea methanol stem bark extract. Acute toxicity study was carried out in mice using the modified Lorke’s method to determine median lethal dose (LD50). For the subacute toxicity study, animals used were albino rats while extract was administered at dose levels of 100, 1000 and 2500 mg/kg daily for a period of 28 days. Blood samples were taken at the end of the study period for estimation of biochemical and haematological parameters. Histopathological examination of sections of the liver and kidney was also carried out. No mortality was recorded in acute toxicity study and also no any change in general behaviour of rats was observed up to dose of 5000 mg/kg. Similarly, daily administration of the stem bark extract for 28 days did not produce significant changes in body weight, haematological and biochemical parameters of treated rats across all doses except at dose of 2500 mg/kg where significant change was observed in the parameters studied when compared with values obtained from the control group. However, slight histopathological changes were observed in the liver and kidneys sections of rats treated with the methanol stem bark at dose of 1000 mg/kg and 2500 mg/kg. In conclusion, based on results of acute and subacute toxicity study studies, the methanol stem bark extract of Bridelia ferruginea may be considered safe for medicinal use especially at lower doses.
Effect of phyto-components of Allium sativum and Syzyginum aromaticum on the performance and biochemical indices in grower broiler chickens
Authors: Garba M.H. , Ampitan T.A. , Tawakaltu A-A. , Nasir S. , Sabi’u M.D. , Promise O.A.
Published: February 2022

The potentials of Allium sativum and Syzyginum aromaticum on the performance and immunocompetence of grower broiler chickens was focused in this study. A total of one hundred and five (105) day old broiler chicks(Anak breed) were used in the study. Broiler starter diet was used to managed the birds until they attained five weeks of age. Thereafter, they were randomly allotted to seven treatments of 15 birds of three replicate each. To the treatments T1- T5: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 g Kg-1 garlic-clove blend was supplemented, while 5g Kg-1 garlic alone (T6) and 2g Kg-1 clove alone (T7) were supplemented to the diets. Water, and supplemented feed were offered ad libitum. The duration of the experiment lasted to five weeks. Phytochemical analysis of the two spices revealed the presence of Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, phenols, terpenoids, anthraquinones and tannins, while, quantitative phytochemical screening showed high amount of Alkaloids (7.20 ± 0.05mg/100g), tannins (4.80 ± 0.03mg/100g), saponins (4.30 ± 0.02 mg/100g), flavonoids (2.18 ± 0.03), and anthraquinones (1.40 ± 0.03 mg/100g). The proximate analysis of Syzyginum aromaticum also revealed high amount of Carbohydrates (oligosaccharides) (52.2 ± 0.02), fibre (20.00 ± 0.1), fats (12.1 ± 0.45) and ash (5.2 ± 0.01). The Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) in all the treatments was comparable to the control and better in T2, T5, T6 and T7. There was no significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in the serum Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and serum Glutamate Oxalate Transaminase (SGOT) between the treatments and the control group. The serum total protein and the serum albumin in the treated groups were not significantly different ((P≤ 0.05) while the serum globulin differ (P≤ 0.05) between the treatments and the control groups. The performance characteristics and serum biochemical indices displayed by the experimental birds clearly showed the potency of these spices in improving the immuno-competence of the experimental birds.
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometer (Lc/Ms) profile revealed flavonoids and terpenoids with antioxidant potential in aqueous fraction of Combretum micranthum leaf extract
Authors: Ibrahim Aminu , Bashir Musa
Published: February 2022

Combretum micranthum (CM) is commonly used for its ethno-medicinal potentials without much or no scientific basis. Thus, the aim of this research is to evaluate aqueous fraction of C. micranthum leaf extract for possible antioxidant compounds using liquid chromatography mass spectrometer technique. In vitro antioxidant was carried out using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Power (FRAP) assay methods and the results indicated the free radical scavenging activity of 80.351±0.732 and 0.800± 0.00 at 2.50mg/m1 concentrations which is significantly different when compared to reference standard of 84.718±0.605 and 0.426±0.000 (ascorbic acid) respectively, with concentration or dose-dependent. LC-MS profile revealed the presence of medicinally important compounds like Myricetin (Flavone), Epioxylubimin (Sesquiterpenoids), Furocoumaric acid (Phenolic glycoside) among others. The findings of this study revealed that C. micranthum is rich in potential metabolites and was reflected as its antioxidant potential and could be used for drug and other oxidative stress related management.
Determination of depth to basement using spectral analysis of aeromagnetic data over Azare segment of Chad Basin
Authors: Hussaini Abdullahi , Idi Bello Yusuf , Ndikilar Chifu E , Nasir Maharaz M , Alhassan Ahmad , Bala Nasiru , Ibrahim Auwal , Yakubu Nasir , Ayuba Ibrahim
Published: February 2022

The high-resolution aeromagnetic data over part of the Bornu basin (sheet 84) north eastern (NE) Nigeria, was processed and interpreted using spectral analysis to determine the depth to the basement. The study area is bounded between longitude 10⸰ 00’ 00’’E to 10⸰ 30’ 00’’ E and latitude 11⸰ 00’ 00’’ N to 12⸰ 00’ 00’’. Regional residual separation of the total magnetic field intensity (TMI) was performed using polynomial fitting method. The residual map was divided into nine square spectral blocks using the filtering tool of Microsoft excel software. The Microsoft excel program employed Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) technique. It transforms the magnetic field data into the radial energy spectrum for each block. Then the average radial energy spectrum is computed in MATLAB. The result shows that depth to the deeper magnetic source ranges from 4503.9m to 1948.3m. However, it can be observed that NN, NE, and NW are having less deep magnetic sources ranging from 1948m to 2459.7m. The deepest sources happened at the major towns of interest which are Bidawa , Matsango , Yakiri and Fatara areas, Katagum Bauchi state ranging from 2632.8m to 4503.9m The maximum depth of the sedimentary unit was estimated as 4.5km because the isolated value beyond this depth cannot be connected , and this depth occurs around Matsango and Bidawa. The shallow depth magnetic source map shows that SS, SW, SE are having least shallow depth, central to northern part of the study area are having shallowest depth to the magnetic source.
An overview of hazardous waste management in Nigeria
Authors: Zangina Aminu Sulaiman , Ali Ahmed Fate
Published: February 2022

Hazardous wastes are substances that are no longer needed and have no current or perceived value at a given time or place. Many of the materials used or produced in chemical processes possess hazardous properties. The key hazardous wastes sources include industrial, medical, and household wastes, and occur in solid, liquid, or gaseous states. These are wastes that are classified and/or have intrinsic or inbuilt chemical and physical distinctiveness of toxicity, ignitability, corrosivity, and reactivity. Managing hazardous wastes is of immense significance to human, economic, social and environmental health conditions. Hazardous wastes management practice in Nigeria is not in consonance with the best global practices. Many hazardous wastes are dumped indiscriminately, which constitutes hazard to the environment and posed public health concerns. This study analysed the strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of hazardous wastes management in Nigeria. There are various environmental regulations on hazardous wastes in the country, but implementation remains a challenge, as such there is need for more proactive measures to be taken towards sustainable solutions to the problems.
Comparative Analysis between Selection Sort and Merge Sort Algorithms
Authors: Rabiu A.M. , Garba E. J. , Baha B.Y. , Mukhtar M. I.
Published: February 2022

Sorting and merging are two problems that commonly arise in Computer Science especially in data processing tasks. To solve these problems, several algorithms have been developed. Similarly, existing merge and sorting algorithms have been improved to provide more efficient and accurate results. In this paper, selection and merging algorithms were developed on an octa-core processing machine using System.nanoTime methods in Java in order to compare their running times. The results obtained show that Merge Sort performs far better than selection sort with careful implementations by taking advantage of multiple processing cores in the test machine and some concurrency utility in Java. It was concluded that implementing algorithms using a machine with multiple numbers of cores in their Central Processing Unit (CPU) will result in a significant improvement in the performance of both algorithms.
Impact of some Macroeconomic Variables on Tax Revenue in Nigeria
Authors: Atolagbe S. , Abiodun A.A.
Published: February 2022

The knowledge of the relationship between tax revenue and the interplay of macroeconomic factors is necessary to maximize the gains of the proposed elimination of non-tariff barriers by the African Union. This study was carried out to investigate the impact of trade liberalization and six macroeconomic variables on tax revenue in Nigeria from 1981-2019, using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration and the Error Correction Model (ECM). The unrestricted error-correction model was specified in the study by modifying ARDL model. Total tax and domestic tax revenues were predicted by trade liberalization and most macroeconomic variables examined. A unit increase in trade liberalization triggered an increase of 3% in both total and domestic tax revenues when all other variables in the model were held constant. The results of ECM showed that short run and long run equilibrium were present in the system. The macroeconomic variables found to be predictors of both domestic and external tax revenues are share of petroleum and mining in GDP, foreign direct investment, share of agriculture in GDP, per capita income, exchange rate and inflation rate. These are therefore important to explain tax revenue in Nigeria. The key policy recommendation for improved and sustained tax revenue is to embark on comprehensive trade liberalization policies as well as regulate changes in macroeconomic variables.
Effect of Cymbopogon citratus and Piliostigma reticulatum Aqueous Leaf Extracts on Rat Liver Function and In vitro Schizont Maturation Inhibition
Authors: Oderinde O. , Onu A. , Shagari A. , Olaitan O.
Published: February 2022

The most severe form of malaria is caused by the parasite Plasmodium falciparum, which undergoes antigenic variation. However, plant products continue to make an immense contribution to malaria chemotherapy. In this research, the inhibitory effect of C. citratus and P. reticulatum on schizont maturation was investigated using in vitro assay. Also, effect of the extract on some enzymatic and non-enzyme liver function parameters was determined after sub-chronic oral administration of the extracts to albino rats. From the result it was observed that C. citratus and P. reticulatum extract inhibited schizont growth with an IC50 of 7.25 mg/L and 3.25 mg/L, respectively. The dosage (250, 750 and 1500 mg/kg) of both plants administered to experimental rats significantly (p<0.05) increased the enzymatic parameters (AST, ALT and ALP) and non-enzymatic parameters (serum total proteins, albumin, total bilirubin and conjugated bilirubin) of liver function indices particularly at the high doses of 750 and 1500 mg/kg when compared with the control value. The finding of this research demonstrates that although C. citratus and P. reticulatum extract may have potential antimalarial activity but may have the potential to be hepatotoxic.
Flaring Intensity Monitoring: Applications at Different Levels of Nigerian Petroleum Upstream Industry
Authors: Ndunagu P.N. , Joel O.F. , Oji A.A. , Alaike E.E.
Published: February 2022

Flare volume measurement has been the sole yardstick for tracking flare gas reduction progress and provides a single view of monitoring in the context of its use. In this study, an alternative method was introduced to broaden the perspective of flare gas monitoring. Flaring intensity is a simple and effective measure for tracking flare gas reduction. Flaring Intensity index was applied in different levels of flare volume estimation, namely Oilfield, Oil Company, Petroleum Upstream Contract and Country. Nigerian Petroleum Production data were sourced from regulatory reports and satellite data from 2012 to 2015 and 2018 annual reports. The results revealed that Nigeria’s flaring intensity is on the decline due to exogenous factors and it illustrates flaring intensity as a comparative and benchmarking tool for gas flare performance at various hydrocarbon production levels. The study also inferred that improved flare gas measurement, transparency in reporting, robust regulation and increased gas handling infrastructure were necessary in order to mitigate flaring in Nigeria to achieve the 2030 Zero Routine Flaring target.
Evaluation of the Strength Properties of Asphalt Concrete using Natural Fibres as Reinforcing Additives
Authors: Oyedepo O.J. , Olukanni E.O. , Alalade A. , Amoko A. , Oluwadare G. , Ayanda O.
Published: February 2022

The period of maintenance and rehabilitation of asphalt concrete pavement can be increased by using fibres as reinforcement in a bituminous mix. Shredded Sisal fibre (Agave sisalana) and Sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrical) were used as reinforcements in bituminous mix. The fibres were added to hot mix asphalt in varying proportion of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5% by weight. The strength of fibre reinforced asphalt concrete was determined by conducting Marshall stability test. The tensile strength on 40 strands of fibre gave 167.43 N/mm2 and 24.58 N/mm2 for Sisal fibre and sponge gourd fibre respectively. Marshall Stability test results indicated that Sisal fibre gave minimum and maximum values of 4.46 kN and 5.54 kN, respectively, which exceeded the 3.5 kN minimum stability value for wearing course in the Nigerian General Specification for Roads and Bridges. The flow values obtained showed that the flow values are more than the 4 mm minimum value except for 0.1 sisal fibre dosage which has a value of 3.99 mm. The high flow values obtained was an indication of the reinforcing effects of the fibres which made the asphalt concrete stronger and hence have great resistance to plastic deformation.
Assessment of a New Dam Site for Water Supply Potential in Bauchi Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Salau O.B.E. , Salaudeen A. , Gana B.A. , Zubairu I. , Musa S.I.
Published: February 2022

The maximum yield of 90,000 m3 /day from the existing Gubi dam in Bauchi will barely meet the water demand beyond 2030 at an average water use of 100 litres per capita/day. For higher water demand of up to 250 litres per capita/day expected in an urban centre, the existing dam capacity is inadequate, and the demand should grow to 253,102 m3/day by 2037. This is the rationale for this study, which showed the feasibility of a new dam through technical reviews and analysis of topography, hydrology of the site, field and laboratory investigations, computer analyses and designs. Hydrologic simulation of rainfall-runoff processes for 57 years of rainfall data using the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) method gave an annual runoff volume of 59 Mm3 on a stream in Miri, which can be harnessed to assure adequate water supply in the metropolis. This will require the construction of a 25 m high embankment dam. Topographic survey and analysis indicated that the proposed site has good water retention capability. Although net flow adjustment analysis showed a high evaporation loss of up to 13.5 Mm3 annually, seepage loss is expected to be small in view of the underlying basement complex rock formation.