bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Humanitarian Crisis to Security Threat: Understanding the Rohingya Migrants Issue and Its Pertinence to Jammu and Kashmir’s Stability
Authors: Uppal Akriti , Tantray Talha Latief , Kumar Sandeep , Rani Neeta
Published: January 2025

The Rohingya crisis has evolved from a humanitarian catastrophe to a potential security threat, raising concerns about its impact on the stability of regions hosting these displaced populations. This study explores the complex dynamics of Rohingya migration into Jammu and Kashmir and its implications for regional security. The research addresses a significant gap in existing literature, which often overlooks the specific security challenges posed by illegal migrants in this geopolitically sensitive region. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study integrates qualitative and quantitative data gathered from interviews with local residents and security personnel, as well as statistical analysis using SPSS software. The findings reveal a strong correlation between the presence of Rohingya migrants and shifts in local security dynamics, including increased drug trafficking, human trafficking and illegal documentation. The study employs Societal Security Theory and Securitization Theory to contextualise how the Rohingya issue has evolved from a humanitarian concern to a national security threat. The analysis highlights the nuanced impact of the Indian government’s policies on the overall security landscape in Jammu and Kashmir. The research concludes by emphasising the need for evidence-based policies that balance humanitarian obligations with national security imperatives, highlighting the critical role of government intervention in mitigating the risks associated with Rohingya migration.
Comment on “Near-Normalized Maxillomandibular Relationship and Upper Airway in Infants With Robin Sequence Treated With Stanford Orthodontic Airway Plate”
Authors: Singh G. Dave
Published: January 2025

It's interesting to note that despite clinical improvements in upper airway dimensions, the maxillary, mandibular, and mandibular body lengths remained smaller than those of controls. This finding may represent an underlying neurocristopathy, which represents a deficiency in the population of neural crest cells available in the embryonic maxillary and mandibular processes de novo. Indeed, it is known that craniofacial dimensions in infants with malformations, such as cleft palate, are often smaller when compared to non-cleft counterparts. The post-treatment decrease in the SNA angle and increase in angle SNB, which resulted in a decreased ANB angle may be associated with a “headgear effect” whereby the maxilla is dragged postero-inferiorly by the mandible, aided by gravity. To avoid this effect, proactive maxillary development might be beneficial. In fact, the concept of “catch-up growth” is also noteworthy since a developmental mechanism would need to be invoked. The authors referred to the old Functional matrix hypothesis, but the treatment effect was primarily a change in jaw position, which evoked a positive functional outcome. Thus, according to the Spatial matrix hypothesis, clinical decompensation of a dysfunctional spatial matrix leads to a cascade of events since a change in mandibular position is associated with changes in gene expression. Recently, genetic expression of Sdf1 and Foxc1 associated with histologic changes following mandibular advancement in rats has been reported as well as the effects of the PINK1/Parkin pathway on the genioglossus muscle through mandibular advancement device use in rabbits with obstructive sleep apnea. Clinically, therapeutic epigenetic changes using an orthodontic mandibular advancement device have also been reported in children.
Being Active and Central: Proximal and Distal Career Benefits of Providing Mentoring Within Intraorganizational Developmental Networks
Authors: Dhaenens Andrew J. , Vardaman James M. , Rogers Bryan L. , Allen David G.
Published: January 2025

Changes in modern organizations toward shorter tenures and faster employee socializations have shifted the mentoring landscape away from dyadic programs toward more collective approaches where mentoring is provided on an ongoing basis informally and idiosyncratically. However, little is known about how this shift has impacted the ways in which employees personally benefit from providing mentoring to others amid contexts containing multiple sources. Drawing on a social network perspective, our research explores the notion that employees accrue proximal and distal career benefits based upon valuable social capital specifically derived from centrality within intraorganizational developmental networks. In this study, we examine three proximal career benefits: career satisfaction, personal learning, and perceived marketability, and one distal career outcome: employee retention. Using a time-lagged study design, we evaluate the effects of providing mentoring via intraorganizational developmental network centrality in comparison to mentoring received and other pertinent career criteria. Our study findings affirm a mediated link between providing mentoring and several career outcomes. We discuss our findings with theoretical and practical implications.
Study on semi-active damping control strategies to improve dynamic behavior of high-speed trains subject to strong crosswinds
Authors: Kang Weilin , Zeng Jing , Mao Rancheng , Sang Hutang
Published: January 2025

The aerodynamic loads on high-speed trains (HSTs) increase as the running speed increases. Particularly, strong crosswinds can significantly increase these loads and generate a safety risk to trains. This paper focuses on the application of semi-active control strategies based on secondary lateral suspension for HST operating in crosswinds, aiming to enhance the running safety of HST. First, a vehicle nonlinear dynamics model with 50 degrees of freedom (DOFs) is established. The aerodynamic loads caused by crosswinds are simulated using Simiu wind spectra, and the track irregularities are acquired through field tests of the high-speed railway line. Second, a semi-active control model is set up using Matlab/Simulink to replace the secondary lateral damper, and the co-simulation for vehicle dynamics and semi-active control is undertaken. Then, the vibration characteristic analysis of the vehicle system caused by aerodynamic loads under crosswind conditions is conducted in both time and frequency domains, while a conventional semi-active control strategy is employed to attenuate the vibrations. Moreover, a single coefficient mixed skyhook and groundhook control strategy (SMSG) regulated by a single mixing coefficient β, and mixed skyhook and acceleration driven damper control strategy (MSA) is proposed. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed mixed skyhook and groundhook control strategy not only enhances the running safety of the trains in crosswind environments by adjusting the mixing coefficients but also improves ride performance compared to passive suspensions. While the suggested mixed skyhook and ADD control strategy can apparently reduce the vibration of the carbody.
Antifungal-drug interactions in oncology: A cross-sectional study highlighting the role of pharmacists
Authors: Akbar Zunaira , Aamir Muhammad , Saleem Zikria , Khan Muhammad Rehan
Published: January 2025

Study objective

Complex pharmacotherapy in cancer patients increases the likelihood of drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Pharmacists play a critical role in the identification and management of DDIs. The aim of present study was to evaluate the role of pharmacist in identifying antifungal drug interactions in cancer patients and providing relevant recommendations.

Methodology

A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted to identify antifungal drug interactions over the period of 5 years (2019–2023) among cancer patients. Electronic medical record of 384 hospitalized patients receiving systemic antifungal therapy were reviewed. Severity of interactions and risk classification were made using UptoDate® LexidrugTM software. Pharmacists’ recommendations regarding DDIs were also documented. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were applied to interpret results.

Results

Antifungals were more frequently prescribed to adult patients (53.9%). Female cancer patients were significantly more likely to encounter DDIs than males ( p < 0.003). Type of cancer and fungal infections were significantly associated with incidence of DDIs ( p < 0.01; p = 0.000). Pharmacist identified DDIs in 53.9% antifungal prescriptions with 22.2% classified as major interactions. A substantial proportion of these interactions involved voriconazole (40.1%). Majority of pharmacist's recommendations included dose optimization of voriconazole (10.4%), close monitoring of RFTs (8.9%) and withholding amphotericin (5.2%) during chemotherapy. All of the recommendations made by pharmacists were accepted by physicians (100%).

Conclusion

The findings indicate that pharmacists identified DDIs in 53.9% of prescriptions and all of their recommendations were accepted by physicians. This highlights the critical role of pharmacists in detecting potential interactions, ensuring medication safety, and minimizing adverse effects associated with complex pharmacotherapy.
Civic engagement development in Argentinean adolescents: An autobiographical approach
Authors: Barreiro Alicia , Bruno Daniela , Rouger Manuela , Lorefice Pilar , Misiti Sofía , Sancho-Parsekian Sofía , Bruno Sofía
Published: January 2025

Youth’s distancing from traditional politics and their preference for new forms of civic participation has become an international issue in the last decades. Based on a sociocultural dialectical framework, this study analyzes the relations between acting, thinking, and feeling in the development of civic engagement as an expression of civic identity in the autobiographical narratives of Argentinean adolescents ( N = 23) aged between 15 and 18 who engage in some practice to transform their community. Participants elaborate on their autobiographical narrative during interviews. The information gathered made it possible to distinguish two profiles in the development of civic engagement: individual and collective. The former includes the explanation of society as the result of personal actions and the involvement in practices aimed at the transformation of the local community the adolescents are a part of, and it is the one that prevails among the participants. The latter refers to the tendency to think about society by considering historical-political factors and practices aimed at long-term objectives, as they contribute to a general transformation of society and imply a future-oriented perspective. In both profiles, participation in high school students’ unions plays a formative role in the feeling of efficacy that underlies adolescents’ civic engagement.
Evaluation blogs, podcasts and webinars in the second half of 2024: Roundup Review III
Authors: Aston Tom
Published: January 2025

This ‘roundup’ review of evaluation blogs, podcasts and webinars covers the second half of 2024. The roundup is organised around key trends that emerged throughout the second half of the year: (1) multi-perspectival storytelling, (2) sustainability amid the polycrisis and (3) the promise and potential pitfalls of feminist evaluation. It then discusses two meta-trends related to the challenges of drawing evaluative boundaries and seeking parsimonious explanations. These cut across the trends mentioned in the three roundups so far. The article ends with a brief reflection on some potentially promising initiatives in the evaluation field to addressing some of the bigger challenges of the day.
Rolling bearing state monitoring method based on fusion of multichannel vibration signals with oil debrisinformation
Authors: Luan Xiaochi , Zhao Junhao , Sha Yundong , Liu Mingguo
Published: January 2025

Health monitoring of rolling bearings in aviation engines is critical for ensuring flight safety. As aircraft engines evolve toward higher thrust-to-weight ratios, increased loads, enhanced intelligence, and higher rotational speeds, the frequency of bearing failures has markedly increased, posing significant challenges to existing monitoring techniques. In response to the challenge regarding the monitoring and accurately diagnosing faults in the main bearings of gas turbine engines via a single detection method, a method for monitoring the state of rolling bearings is proposed based on the fusion of multichannel vibration signals and oil debris information. First, a weighted fusion model integrates data obtained from multiple vibration sensors. Subsequently, the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) method is used to decompose the fused signal, and components with strong impulsive characteristics are selected based on kurtosis–correlation coefficient screening criteria for reconstruction. As a result, a vibration signal rich in bearing fault characteristic information is acquired. The total effective value is selected as the characteristic time-domain feature parameter, and the feature energy is introduced as the characteristic frequency-domain feature parameter. The fuzzy reasoning theory fuses the total effective value and feature energy for the first time into the vibration information parameter F1 by selecting the membership functions and the definition of fuzzy inference rules based on practical considerations and expert experience. Then, the measured number of oil metal debris is considered the debris information parameter F2. Based on the fuzzy reasoning theory, F1 and F2 undergo a second fusion analysis. Ultimately, the rolling bearing state is monitored, and the bearing faults are diagnosed. Experimental tests on the shedding of aircraft engine main bearings are conducted, where a vibration and oil debris detection system is installed to synchronously collect vibration and oil debris information throughout the bearing operation process. The proposed method is applied to analyze the collected data. The results indicate that the rolling bearing state monitoring method based on the fusion of multichannel vibration signals and oil debris information enables the comprehensive analysis of fault characteristics and the effective assessment of the bearing operation states.
Precise localization method for faulty idlers in belt conveyors based on visual and auditory bimodal fusion
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Yu Junrui , Han Lei , Zhu Hao , Li Tingchun , Zhou Manshan , Zhang Mengchao
Published: January 2025

Idlers are key load-bearing components in belt conveyors, and their proper functioning is essential for ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of bulk material transportation systems. Traditional methods for monitoring idler health are typically based on a single modality, such as sound or vibration, which has limitations in monitoring range and accuracy. This study presents a novel method for accurately locating faulty idlers by fusing image and audio modalities. This approach achieves pixel-level segmentation of faulty idlers guided by audio signals, addressing the limitations of image-only methods, which cannot detect sound sources, and sound-only methods, which struggle with accurate localization. Specifically, this work proposes a module for converting one-dimensional audio features into two-dimensional image features, a module for correlating and spatially aligning audio and image features, and a pixel segmentation module. These innovations enhance both the monitoring range and accuracy of fault detection. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves high detection accuracy and strong anti-interference capability, enabling precise localization of a single sounding idler in a large field of view. With the mean intersection over union (MIOU) as the evaluation metric, the proposed algorithm achieves 73.8% accuracy on a custom dataset and shows robust performance even under image and audio noise interference. This method plays a significant role in advancing the effective integration of multisource heterogeneous information and improving the intelligent health management of belt conveyor systems in complex environments. Our source code is available at https://github.com/jisi123/Belt-conveyor .
Mechanisms of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao (huang qi) and Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (dang gui) in Ameliorating Hypoxia and Angiogenesis to Delay Pulmonary Nodule Malignant Transformation
Authors: Guo Ying , Yang Peng , Wu Zihong , Zhang Sanyin , You Fengming
Published: January 2025

Screening for pulmonary nodules (PN) using low-dose CT has proven effective in reducing lung cancer (LC) mortality. However, current treatments relying on follow-up and surgical excision fail to fully address clinical needs. Pathological angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in supplying oxygen necessary for the progression of PN to LC. The interplay between hypoxia and angiogenesis establishes a vicious cycle, rendering anti-angiogenesis therapy alone insufficient to prevent PN to LC transformation. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), PN is referred to as “Feiji,” which is mainly attributed to Qi and blood deficiency, correspondingly, the most commonly prescribed medicines are Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao (huang qi) (AR) and Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (dang gui) (ARS). Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that AR and ARS possess immune-enhancing, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic properties. However, the precise mechanisms through which AR and ARS exert anti-angiogenic effects to delay PN progression to LC remain inadequately understood. This review explores the critical roles of hypoxia and angiogenesis in the transition from PN to LC. It emphasizes that, compared to therapies targeting angiogenic growth factors alone, AR, ARS, and their compound-based prescriptions offer additional benefits. These include ameliorating hypoxia by restoring blood composition, enhancing vascular structure, accelerating circulation, promoting vascular normalization, and blocking or inhibiting various pro-angiogenic expressions and receptor interactions. Collectively, these actions inhibit angiogenesis and delay the PN-to-LC transformation. Finally, this review summarizes recent advancements in related research, identifies existing limitations and gaps in knowledge, and proposes potential strategies and recommendations to address these challenges.
The Supreme Court Ruling on the Hijab Crisis in Nigeria and the Dynamics of Tolerance
Authors: Nwigwe Chukwuemeka , Uzoagba Ogechukwu Miracle , Ukaegbu Nkechi Mgbodichinma , Uzoagba Chukwunonso Okechukwu , Okafor Henrietta , Ukwueze Chinyere , Onyebuchi Ezeugwu Felicia
Published: January 2025

Rights to religious freedom manifest in various social practices. They remain essential characteristics of a complex society like Nigeria. However, such rights sometimes appear threatened for the sheer reason of their oddity in certain places, and this could lead to social exclusion which may lead to a series of lawsuits. The foregoing captures the issues surrounding the use of hijab as part of school uniforms in Western Nigeria. The article draws on the socio-religious perceptions of 17 individuals resident in Nsukka, on the Supreme Court ruling over the use of hijab in government-owned schools. Respondents were drawn from Nigeria's three dominant religions. Analysis shows that several individuals appear dissatisfied with the ruling which ended the hijab controversy. The article argues that the judgment has heightened the extant religious fault lines, hence the need for a robust understanding of the dynamics of tolerance in diversity.
Yttrium-90 Radioembolization for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: Non-University Tertiary Care Center Experience
Authors: Darian Sahar , Malo Juan S. , Lim Joseph S. , Buell Joseph F. , Osman Houssam , Van Meter Travis , Jeyarajah D. Rohan
Published: January 2025

Background

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) presents a significant clinical challenge due to its high fatality rate and limited surgical candidacy. With only 30-40% of patients eligible for surgery upon diagnosis, alternative therapies are imperative. This study assesses the efficacy of Yttrium-90 (Y-90) radioembolization for unresectable ICC patients in a non-university tertiary care center (NUTCC).

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 15 unresectable ICC patients treated with Y-90 radioembolization was conducted. Tumor response, survival, and adverse events were evaluated using RECIST criteria.

Results

60% of patients exhibited partial response, and 20% showed stable disease, with notable tumor size reduction and a median survival of 14 months. Minimal adverse effects were observed, indicating Y-90’s favorable safety profile.

Conclusion

Y-90 radioembolization shows potential in reducing tumor burden and enhancing survival rates with minimal adverse effects for unresectable ICC. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and define its role in ICC treatment protocols.
A Review of Anticancer Properties and Phytochemicals from Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera (Oliv.) Guillaum)
Authors: Bao Tran Pham Nguyen , Van An Nghiem Dinh , Bao Chau Tran Hoang , Linh Chi Nguyen Le , Hoang Thai Minh , Dat Truong Van , Tu Vo Linh
Published: January 2025

Paramignya trimera ( P. trimera (Oliv.) Guillaum), a Vietnamese plant has showed potential anticancer activities. Extracts from the plant's roots, stems, and leaves have shown cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines. The mechanisms behind these anticancer actions include triggering apoptosis, blocking cell invasion, and targeting particular signaling pathways. This review has collected data from available literature on P. trimera's anticancer properties and compiled a database of its isolated compounds. Results indicate that P. trimera extracts and specific compounds, such as coumarins and acridones, possess anticancer potential. Particularly, acridones exhibited comparable or superior cytotoxicity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cells (IC50 values 0.43-1.19 μM and 0.22-0.40 μM, respectively) compared to doxorubicin (IC50 values 0.28 μM and 1.31 μM). Coumarins like 8-geranylumbelliferone and ostruthin target IKKβ, while paratrimerin W shows cytotoxicity against various cancers. Paratrimerin I exhibit cytotoxicity due to the N-methyl, C-4 methoxy, and C-5 hydroxy groups in the acridone skeleton. However, further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms of action and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of P. trimera-derived compounds in clinical settings. The identification of 146 compounds in P. trimera provides a valuable resource for future drug discovery efforts.
Management of Psychosis and Schizophrenia by Primary Care GPs: A Cross-Sectional Study in Spain
Authors: Sepúlveda-Muñoz Jesús , Quemada González Casta , Hurtado Lara María M. , Gutiérrez García Ángel Manuel , Martí-García Celia , García-Herrera Pérez-Bryan José María , Morales-Asencio José Miguel
Published: January 2025

Aim:

To investigate the detection and initial management of first psychotic episodes, as well as established schizophrenia, within the primary care of the Andalusian Health System.

Background:

Delay in detecting and treating psychosis is associated with slower recovery, higher relapse risk, and poorer long-term outcomes. Often, psychotic episodes go unnoticed for years before a diagnosis is established. Primary care physicians are crucial for early recognition of psychosis and schizophrenia, especially in Spain, where primary care is the main entry point to healthcare services.

Methods:

Cross-sectional exploratory study. All active primary care physicians in the Malaga Guadalhorce Health District were invited to participate. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the survey was conducted online. The survey, adapted and validated for the local context, included 22 items and 5 sociodemographic questions covering early detection, treatment options, physical health monitoring, and management challenges. Descriptive and bivariate analyses summarized the data and explored correlations between key variables.

Findings:

The study included 142 primary care physicians (response rate 35.5%), with 28.9% men and 71.1% women, primarily from urban areas (83.1%). Most had completed residency training (86.6%), with 79.6% receiving psychiatric training. However, only 5.6% had participated in training sessions in the last 5 years, with all such sessions lasting less than 30 h. Physicians typically managed 0-10 patients with diagnosed schizophrenia and saw these patients 2 to 3 times annually. They often felt capable of managing these patients, especially with mental health consultancy support. Physical health monitoring was common, though some relied on mental health services to do this. Collaboration with mental health services was moderate, with high utility perceived for having a list of patients with severe mental disorders in their care panel.

Conclusions:

Family physicians are generally confident in managing psychosis and schizophrenia but lack recent specialized training. Mental health consultancy services are valued, but collaboration with these services needs improvement. Clear guidelines and enhanced training are essential to ensure comprehensive care, addressing both mental and physical health needs of these patients.
Network Ripple Effects: How Twitter Deplatforming Flipped Authority Structure and Discourse of the Arizona Election Review Community
Authors: Simeone Michael , Corman Steven R.
Published: January 2025

Content moderation decisions can have variable impacts on the events and discourses they aim to regulate. This study analyzes Twitter data from before and after the removal of key Arizona Election Audit Twitter accounts in March of 2021. After collecting tweets that refer to the election audit in Arizona in this designated timeframe, a before/after comparison examines the structure of the networks, the volume of the participating population, and the themes of their discourse. Several significant changes are observed, including a drop in participation from accounts that were not deplatformed and a de-centralization of the Twitter network. Conspiracy theories remain in the discourse, but their themes become more diffuse, and their calls to action more abstract. Recruiting calls to join in on promoting and publicizing the audit mostly come to an end. The decision by Twitter to deplatform key election audit accounts appears to have greatly disrupted the hub structure at the center of the emergent network that formed as a response to the election audit. By intervening in the network, moderators successfully defused much of the Twitter-based participation in the Arizona Election Review of 2021. This instance demonstrates the efficacy of network-driven interventions in platform moderation, specifically for events or accounts that use social media to organize or encourage bad-faith attacks on civic instituions.
Study of Risk Factors in Global Stock Markets During the COVID-19 Pandemic Under Different Market Conditions
Authors: Jareño Francisco , Martínez-Serna María-Isabel , Sánchez Pablo
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we examine the stock markets’ response to fluctuations in international risk factors under different market states during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using data from seven countries heavily affected by the sanitary crisis, over the period between January 2020 and December 2021, we estimate an extended risk factor model through the quantile regression approach, with the purpose of identifying distinct sensitivities to risk sources depending on the bullish or bearish state of the market. Our results suggest higher explanatory ability at extreme quantiles, thereby revealing significant disparities in sensitivities, that are found to be dependent on the market conditions, on the country and on the particular risk factor.

JEL classification: C22, C51, F21, G12, G32, H12
Sex- and Age-Specific Analysis of Mountain Biking Injuries: A 10-Year Review of National Injury Data
Authors: Koehne Niklas H. , Locke Auston R. , Yendluri Avanish , Parsons Bradford O. , Waterman Brian R. , Alaia Michael J. , Frank Rachel M. , Parisien Robert L.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Mountain biking (MTB) is a quickly growing sport, with many athletes sustaining high-impact injuries. Current literature has not analyzed the most recent MTB-related national emergency department (ED) injury data.

Hypothesis:

It was hypothesized that (1) the total number of injuries presenting to US EDs would significantly increase over the study period, (2) male patients would experience higher rates of shoulder injuries and airborne injury mechanisms than female patients, and (3) youths would present more frequently with injuries of the head and face than adults.

Study Design:

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Methods:

All data were extracted from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS), a public database representing approximately 100 US EDs. The NEISS was queried for MTB-related injuries between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2022.

Results:

A total of 2543 MTB-related cases presented to US EDs between 2013 and 2022, which extrapolated to a national estimate (NE) of 109,558 injuries using NEISS sample weights. MTB-related injuries increased significantly between 2013 and 2022 ( P = .009), including a 64% increase between 2019 and 2020. The most common injury mechanism was falling off the bike (62.6%; NE = 68,536), and the upper extremity was the most frequently injured body region (22.4%; NE = 24,511). Male patients presented with significantly more shoulder (21.1% vs 7.4%, respectively; P < .001) and trunk (21.4% vs 19.8%, respectively; P < .001) injuries than female patients as well as more airborne injury mechanisms (15.7% vs 10.8%, respectively; P < .001). Female patients sustained significantly more concussions (7.2% vs 3.5%, respectively; P < .001) than male patients. Children presented with higher rates of head/face injuries (34.1%), concussions (6.0%), and airborne mechanisms of injury (19.4%) than any other age group.

Conclusion:

MTB injuries increased significantly between 2013 and 2022 likely because of the popularity of outdoor sports during COVID-19. The upper extremity was the most frequently injured body region, and falling off the bike was the most common mechanism. Leading injuries and mechanisms varied significantly by sex and age. This study recommends additional MTB safety measures such as shoulder support for male riders, better coaching on front brake control for youth riders, and an increased emphasis on concussion protocols for female riders.
Older Brother is No Less than a Father: (Dis)Respect and (Dis)Obedience in Saudi Arabia-Qatar Relations
Authors: Soltaninejad Mohammad , Lotfi Milad
Published: January 2025

This article explores the root causes of enduring tensions between Saudi Arabia and Qatar by re-examining Qatar’s blockade from 2017 to 2021. Departing from conventional analyses centered on material and security-related factors, this prioritizes the role of cultural and normative elements in understanding the underlying causes of the strained relationship. It argues that the aberrant demands imposed by Saudi Arabia on Qatar during the blockade, which could undermine the latter’s ultimate independence, can be better understood within the context of the general Khaliji (Gulf Arab) culture, which emphasizes obedience to older male figures within the family hierarchy. This cultural framework extends to foreign policy through the metaphorical apparatus of brotherly ties ( Al-Rawabit Al-Akhawiyyah) within the Khaliji family of states ( Al-Bayt Al-Khaliji). Given the entrenched nature of these cultural constructs, the article anticipates continued tensions in Saudi Arabia-Qatar relations in the future.
ARIADNE: A Scientific Navigator to Find Your Way Through the Resource Labyrinth of Psychological Sciences
Authors: Hartmann Helena , Gürsoy Çağatay , Lischke Alexander , Mueckstein Marie , Sperl Matthias F. J. , Vogel Susanne , Yang Yu-Fang , Feld Gordon B. , Kastrinogiannis Alexandros , Koppold Alina
Published: January 2025

Performing high-quality research is a challenging endeavor, especially for early career researchers, in many fields of psychological science. Most research is characterized by experiential learning, which can be time-consuming, error-prone, and frustrating. Although most institutions provide selected resources to help researchers with their projects, these resources are often expensive, spread out, hard to find, and difficult to compare with one another in terms of reliability, validity, usability, and practicability. A comprehensive overview of resources that are useful for researchers in psychological science is missing. To address this issue, we created ARIADNE: a living and interactive resource navigator that helps to use and search a dynamically updated database of resources ( https://igor-biodgps.github.io/ARIADNE ). In this tutorial, we aim to guide researchers through a standard research project using ARIADNE along the way. The open-access database covers a growing list of resources useful for each step of a research project, from the planning and designing of a study, over the collection and analysis of the data, to the writing and disseminating of the findings. We provide (a) a step-by-step guide on how to perform a research project (in the fields of biological psychology and neuroscience as a case example but with broad application to neighboring fields) and (b) an overview of resources that are useful at different project steps. By explicitly highlighting open-access and open-source resources, we level the playing field for researchers from underprivileged countries or institutions, thereby facilitating open, fair, and reproducible research in the psychological sciences.
Enhancing mechanical and erosive properties of hybrid polymer composites using synergistic fiber-filler interactions
Authors: Jani SP , Arul Sujin Jose , Adam Khan M , Ramulu P Janaki , Esleman Esmael Adem
Published: January 2025

This study explores the mechanical, water absorption, and erosive wear properties of hybrid polymer composites reinforced with treated hemp, carbon, and basalt fibers. The composites were fabricated using the hand lay-up method, with epoxy resin as the matrix and fillers (CaCO3 and coconut fiber) incorporated to enhance performance. Treated hemp fibers underwent 5% NaOH treatment to improve fiber-matrix adhesion, and ASTM standards were followed for tensile, flexural, and impact tests. Water absorption was monitored over 10 days, and solid particle erosion was assessed under varying impingement angles. Results showed that Sample B2 (20% treated hemp, 6% basalt) exhibited superior mechanical properties, including flexural strength (15% higher than comparable samples) and impact resistance (10% higher). Treated fibers and fillers minimized water absorption, while erosion resistance was maximized in carbon-basalt composites. SEM analysis confirmed uniform fiber dispersion and strong interfacial bonding in optimal samples, leading to improved load transfer and mechanical stability. This study demonstrates the potential of hybrid composites as high-performance materials for automotive, aerospace, and construction applications, emphasizing the critical role of balanced fiber composition and chemical treatments in optimizing material properties.
Advancing Health Equity in Integrative Health: The Role of Collaborative Educational Partnerships in Addressing Structural Racism
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqing , Mullur Rashmi S. , Riopelle Cameron , Mehta Darshan H. , Vega Nanette , Parker Tabatha , Soriano Scarlet , Price Jessica R. , Miller Yvette Marie , Davis I. Jean , Chandran Latha
Published: January 2025

Background

Integrative Health (IH) professional organizations are responsible for advancing health equity and addressing structural racism.

Objective

The Academy of Integrative Health and Medicine (AIHM) partnered with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine to co-create a longitudinal curriculum for its board and staff to address structural racism and health equity in IH.

Methods

We administered a 2-phase curriculum addressing health equity in IH. We evaluated the curriculum with pre & post-surveys of knowledge, attitudes, skills, and behaviors and conducted a qualitative analysis of open-ended questions and personal reflections.

Results

Thirty one respondents took the pre-training survey. The mean knowledge scores for each seminar improved. Qualitative analysis revealed that participants grappled with the pervasiveness of racism and bias engrained within health care.

Conclusion

This curriculum serves as a valuable model for IH professional organizations aiming to address their role in disrupting the effects of racism on health outcomes.
The actor-network fantasy
Authors: Stamenkovic Philippe
Published: January 2025

Latour's actor-network ‘theory’ (ANT), and more generally Latour's constructivist and relativistic work, has since long been debunked. (1) It does not make any sense, mixing all conceptual categories together (humans and non-humans, facts and moral prescriptions, science and politics); (2) nevertheless, it pretends to explain important issues such as our current environmental crisis and what to do to overcome it; (3) consequently, it can have extremely damaging political consequences. Latour's ANT may perhaps be considered as a work of art but certainly not as a work of science. Unfortunately, I find that Anders Blok and Casper Bruun Jensen's attempt to salvage it is unconvincing and inherits the same problems.
Empirical ground-motion models for horizontal Fourier amplitude spectra from fixed-effects and mixed-effects analyses of the NGA-West2 database
Authors: Campbell Kenneth W , Bozorgnia Yousef
Published: January 2025

This article presents the development of ground-motion models (GMMs) of Fourier amplitude spectra for frequencies of 0.1–20 Hz and its potential extrapolation to 100 Hz at near-source distances using the effective amplitude spectrum (EAS) ordinates developed for the NGA-West2 project and the metadata and functional form from our previous NGA-West2 GMMs. We developed the GMMs using three different approaches to study the impact of including random effects in the model development: (1) fixed-effects regression (i.e. no random effects), (2) mixed-effects regression with events as a random effect, and (3) mixed-effects regression with both events and sites as random effects. Goodness-of-fit metrics show that the GMMs were improved with the addition of each random effect. We found the variance components other than the between-site standard deviation to be magnitude-dependent, which we estimated using Bayesian inference to incorporate uncertainty in the random-effects and within-group variability. As a result, our aleatory standard deviations are larger than residual-based standard deviations that ignore uncertainty in these terms. The GMMs predict a slight spectral sag at intermediate frequencies and large magnitudes that becomes more pronounced with increasing magnitude, consistent with other empirical analyses and ground-motion simulations available in the literature. We recommend use of the GMM that includes both event and site terms because of its appropriate modeling of repeatable effects. We present the other GMMs to demonstrate how each model is improved as random effects are added and to facilitate their comparison with other models that use a similar random-effects structure.
Solitary Plasmacytoma: Single institution experience and systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes
Authors: Charalampous Charalampos , Claveau Jean-Sébastien , Kapoor Prashant , Binder Moritz , Buadi Francis K , Cook Joselle , Dingli David , Dispenzieri Angela , Fonder Amie L , Gertz Morie A , Gonsalves Wilson I , Hayman Suzanne R , Hobbs Miriam A. , Christenson Lisa Hwa , Kourelis Taxiarchis V. , Lacy Martha Q , Leung Nelson , Lin Yi , Warsame Rahma , Kyle Robert A , Rajkumar S. Vincent , Kumar Shaji K
Published: January 2025

In this study, we first analyzed data from 147 patients with solitary plasmacytomas treated at the Mayo Clinic between 2005 and 2022 and then expanded our investigation through a systematic review and meta-analysis of 62 studies, encompassing 3,487 patients from the years 1960 to 2022. Our findings reveal that patients with up to 10% clonal plasma cells in their bone marrow (BM), denoted as plasmacytoma +, had a significantly reduced median disease-free survival (DFS) of 15.7 months vs. 79 months, p<0.05, observed in patients with true solitary plasmacytomas, with no clonal cells in the BM. Risk factors identified for shorter DFS included the presence of clonal plasma cells in the marrow and a DFLC > 5 mg/dl. The meta-analysis portion of our study highlighted a male predominance among patients, with a median age of 58, and confirmed radiation therapy as the predominant treatment modality. We also found that DFS rates at 3, 5, and 10 years were 66.9%, 55%, and 42.1%, respectively, and noted a significant difference in outcomes between patients with bone and extramedullary plasmacytomas, with the latter group exhibiting better survival rates. This dual-faceted approach provides a thorough overview of survival rates and critical risk factors for plasmacytoma patients, underscoring the vital role of accurate disease staging at diagnosis and the impact of tumor location on patient prognosis.
Iron oxide nanoparticles coated with bioactive materials: a viable theragnostic strategy to improve osteosarcoma treatment
Authors: Benjamin Amy Sarah , Nayak Sunita
Published: January 2025

Osteosarcoma (OS) is distinguished as a high-grade malignant tumor, characterized by rapid systemic metastasis, particularly to the lungs, resulting in very low survival rates. Understanding the complexities of tumor development and mutation is the need of the hour for the advancement of targeted therapies in cancer care. A significant innovation in this area is the use of nanotechnology, specifically nanoparticles, to tackle various challenges in cancer treatment. Iron oxide nanoparticles stand out in both therapeutic and diagnostic applications, offering a versatile platform for targeted drug delivery, hyperthermia, magneto-thermal therapy, and combinational therapy using modulation of ferroptosis pathways. These nanoparticles are easy to synthesize, non-toxic, biocompatible, and display enhanced circulation time within the system. They can also be easily conjugated to anti-cancer drugs, targeting agents, or genetic vectors that respond to specific stimuli or pH changes. The surface functionalization of these nanoparticles using bioactive molecules unveils a promising and effective nanoparticle system for assisting osteosarcoma therapy. This review will summarize the current conventional therapies for osteosarcoma and their disadvantages, the synthesis and modification of iron oxide nanoparticles documented in the literature, cellular targeting and uptake mechanism, with focus on their functionalization using natural biomaterials and application strategies towards management of osteosarcoma. The review also compiles the translational challenges and future prospects that must be addressed for clinical advancements of iron oxide based osteosarcoma treatment in the future.

Graphical abstract
Effect of gut microbiota changes on cytokines IL-10 and IL-17 levels in liver transplantation patients
Authors: Abdel-Raoof Fouda Mohamed , Abdel-Wahhab Mohamed , Abdelkader Ahmed Esmail , Ibrahim Mohsen El-Sayd , Elsheikh Taher Abozeid , Aldeweik Hisham Mohammad , Elfeky Nora
Published: January 2025

Background

Liver transplantation (LT) is a critical intervention for individuals with end-stage liver disease; yet, post-transplant problems, especially infections, graft rejection, and chronic liver disease, are often linked to systemic inflammation. Cytokines, small signaling molecules, significantly influence immune responses during and post-liver transplantation. Nonetheless, the intricate relationships among cytokines, immune responses, and the gut microbiota, especially gut dysbiosis, are still inadequately comprehended. Thus, this study aims to identify the gut microbiota (GM) and determine their relationship to cytokines (IL-17 and IL-10) in LT patients, due to their importance in enhancing the recovery rate.

Result

The research included 31 liver transplant (LT) patients from the Gastroenterology Surgical Center at Mansoura University, resulting in the collection of 174 stool and blood samples from all participants. Fourteen bacterial species have been identified in samples collected at three intervals: one week before, one week post, and two weeks post LT. A change in gut microbiota composition was noted, characterized by a rise in potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Enterococci and Enterobacteriaceae (including Escherichia coli and Klebsiella) and a reduction in beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. The examination of patient demographic and clinical data revealed no significant correlations between sex, age, or diagnostic categories and gut microbiota composition. The findings of the Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) indicated a substantial effect of gut microbiota composition on cytokine levels (IL-10 and IL-17), with all tests producing p-values of 0.001. The assessment of cytokine levels indicated fluctuating variations at several time points following surgery. IL-10 levels in the GM groups exhibited a statistically significant elevation during the second week post-surgery (p = 0.036), suggesting a potential recovery-related anti-inflammatory response. In contrast, IL-17 levels rose in the NI group over time, indicating a transition to a pro-inflammatory condition.

Conclusion

This study emphasizes the pivotal role of the gut microbiota in regulating immune responses following transplantation.
Bullying victimization and suicidal ideation among Chinese adolescents: a moderated mediation model of depressive symptoms and perceived family economic strain
Authors: Jiang Xiaoyu , Wei Qiaoyue , Yin Wenwen , Pan Shuibo , Dai Chenyangzi , Zhou Linhua , Wang Chunyan , Lin Xiujin , Wu Junduan
Published: January 2025

Background

There is substantial evidence linking bullying victimization to suicidal ideation, but the mechanism behind this link is not well understood. This study investigates whether depressive symptoms mediate the relationship between bullying victimization and suicidal ideation, and whether perceived family economic strain moderates this mediation.

Methods

Data were collected from 7,702 adolescents (mean age = 14.74 ± 1.69 years, 52% girls) using a self-report questionnaire that assessed bullying victimization, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation and perceived family economic strain. Mediation and moderated mediation analyses were conducted using the PROCESS macro in SPSS.

Results

Suicidal ideation was significantly associated with both bullying victimization and depressive symptoms, as determined by linear regression analysis (both p < 0.001). The relationship between bullying victimization and suicidal ideation was partially mediated by depressive symptoms, accounting for 66.74% of the effect. Additionally, perceived family economic strain could moderate the link between bullying victimization and depressive symptoms (β=-0.017, p < 0.001), indicating that increased perceived family economic strain attenuates the impact of bullying victimization on depressive symptoms.

Conclusion

Our research affirms bullying victimization substantial influence on adolescent suicidal ideation, with depressive symptoms mediating this link. The study also reveals that perceived family economic strain moderates this relationship, indicating the necessity for interventions that address both psychological and economic factors to holistically support the mental health of bullied adolescents.