rs2290201 and rs16909192 variants of the fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) gene in patients with coronary artery disease who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors:   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Kolodina D.A. ,   Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Belyaeva O.D. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University; Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Berkovich O.A. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University; Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Polyakova E.A. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University; Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Zaraisky M.I. ,   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Asatryan T.T. ,   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Khalimov Yu.Sh. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University; Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

Aim. To determine the distribution of genotypes and the allele frequency of rs2290201 and rs16909192 variants of the fatty acid binding protein 4 gene (FABP4), to compare the concentration of fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) in blood serum, lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and persons without CAD who have different genotypes of the studied gene variants. Design. A single-stage, randomized case-control study. Materials and methods. The main study group included 105 patients with CAD who had undergone CABG; the comparison group consisted of 171 people without clinical signs of CAD of comparable age (p > 0.05). All patients were measured in height, body weight, waist circumference, and body mass index was calculated. Identification of variants rs2290201 and rs16909192 of the FABP4 gene was carried out by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction analysis. The concentration of FABP4 in blood serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay (Biovendor, Germany). The level of glucose in blood plasma was determined by the enzymatic glucose oxidative method, serum lipid spectrum parameters (total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)) were determined by the enzymatic method on the biochemical analyzer ARCHITECT 8000 C (Russia, Niarmedic Group of companies). Serum insulin levels were assessed by enzyme immunoassay (DRG, USA). To determine the degree of insulin resistance, a small homeostasis model (HOMA) was used with the determination of the HOMA-IR index. Results. The distribution of genotypes and the occurrence of alleles of the FABP4 gene (rs2290201, rs16909192 variants) in patients with CAD who underwent CABG and in the comparison group were established. It was shown that carriage of the A allele (rs2290201 variant) of the FABP4 gene is associated with a 2.07-fold increase in the risk of CAD (odds ratio (OR) = 2.07; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.44–3.002, p < 0.05), and the C allele (rs16909192 variant) — 1.92 times (OR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.28–2.88, p < 0.05). Men with CAD who are carriers of the G allele (rs2290201 variant) of the FABP4 gene have a 2.44-fold increased risk of developing abdominal obesity (AO) (OR = 2.44; 95% CI: 1.2–5.0, p < 0.05). The concentration of FABP4 in serum in patients with CAD after CABG and in the comparison group did not differ (75.83 (63.44; 107.75) ng/ml and 80.22 (62.14; 141.71) ng/ml, respectively; p > 0.05). In patients with CAD who have undergone CABG, carriers of various genotypes of the FABP4 gene (variants rs2290201 and rs16909192), concentrations of FABP4, TC, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, TG, glucose, insulin in blood serum, and the HOMA-IR index did not differ (p > 0.05). Conclusion. For the first time, the distribution of genotypes and the occurrence of alleles of the FABP4 gene (rs2290201 and rs16909192 variants) in patients with CAD after CABG and in the comparison group were established. It has been determined that the presence of the A allele (rs2290201 variant) and the C allele (rs16909192 variant) of the FABP4 gene is associated with an increased risk of CAD, and in men with CAD, carriage of the G allele (rs2290201 variant) of the FABP4 gene increases the risk of AO. No differences in the concentration of FABP4 in the blood were found in patients with CAD who underwent CABG and in comparison group. In patients with CAD after CABG, carriers of different genotypes of the FABP4 gene (variant rs2290201 and rs16909192), the concentration of FABP4 in the blood, glucose metabolism, and lipid metabolism did not differ. Keywords: coronary artery disease, coronary artery bypass grafting, fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), fatty acid binding protein 4 gene (FABP4), rs2290201, rs16909192.