bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF BRICS HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEMS: SELF-UNDERSTANDING AND SELF-PRESENTATION OF CHINESE AND RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Kokin D.I. , Lozovskaya K.B. , Purgina E.S.
Published: December 2020

In the modern world, universities have become actors in the global market of higher education while retaining their connections with national higher education systems and staying embedded in their national culture and traditions. In this light, self-narratives of BRICS universities are of particular interest as they not only reflect these HEIs' understanding of their purpose and role in the national and international contexts but also the self-understandings of their national higher education systems. This study analyzes texts and visual elements of web-sites of Russian and Chinese universities as a part of their self-narratives and as means they use for communication with internal and external audiences. The study relies on the methodology of critical discourse analysis developed by Michelle Stack and the principles of multimodal analysis proposed by Luc Pauwels. The sample consists of five Russian and five Chinese HEIs which occupy top positions in QS University Ranking for BRICS 2019. National (Russian, Chinese) and international (English) versions of these universities' sites are analyzed. The study shows that Russian and Chinese universities are oriented primarily towards such key stakeholders as prospective students, current students and their families, and governmental agencies. Universities use their web-sites for promoting their brands among prospective students, both domestic and international, and for self-legitimization in the eyes of national governments. It was found that Chinese universities are generally more consistent in their pursuit of internationalization. Both Russian and Chinese universities, however, appear to be more focused on attracting international students rather than on establishing and developing official partnerships and academic collaborations. In their narratives, Chinese universities present themselves as rightful players on the global market that, while being embedded in national tradition and committed to innovation, are able to determine the future of the region and world in general. Russian universities, in their turn, seek to demonstrate their active involvement into the global academic context by highlighting their positions in world university rankings.
SOCIAL AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIA AND SYSTEM CHALLENGES
Authors: Timoschuk A.S.
Published: December 2020

The texture of the world of increasing complexity is polyionticity, multipolarity, nonlinearity, procedurality, riskiness. Complexity becomes layered, fractally spreading out in micro, macro, mega and meso continua. Sociocultural dynamics, international relations, financial markets are in a situation of global uncertainty. Uncertainty, turned into a category, becomes the main concept of ontology and epistemology, as well as social philosophy, when probability comes into force, which excludes the possibility of unambiguous and accurate linear forecasting of events and phenomena. Culture is not a crossroads where an ethnic group chooses one path and follows it without turning. Neither this is a metaphysical reality with which a man is born. Rather, culture is negotiation, selection, and hybridization. “Russians” is a civic culture, which is not an ethnic designation, given the history of Russia and the number of peoples that make up the wealth of its country. To be a Russian means to be in the rhythm of Eurasia, in its dialectic of settled life and nomadism, cities and villages, Finno-Ugric and Indo-European, Turkic and Mongolian, Uralic and Altai. Today, when the national unity of Russians is hampered by contradictions between the rich and the poor, when more than half of Russians believe that there is no national unity in the country, “every man for himself”, “the people live in poverty”, “there is no single goal, idea, patriotism, solidarity”, Victory in the Second World War is one of the few that unites Russians, their unity in resisting predatory invaders. However, one cannot live by past victories. Equalizing the living standards of Russians can prevent social division. We live in an era of rapid social changes, which our consciousness, our language, our world outlook cannot even keep up with. The state is a living project that needs constant support. This is our resilience. Healthy statehood of Russia is the need for the survival of such a large territory inhabited by different social groups.
Bireyselleştirilmiş Eğitim Programı(BEP) Hazırlama Sürecinde Tercih Edilen BEP Uygulamaları Üzerine Öğretmenlerin Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: İLİK Şerife Şenay , GÜNAY Yunus Emre
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışma da amaç, öğretmenlerin kullandığı hazır BEP programları ve bireye özel hazırlanıp BEP’lerin öğrencinin ihtiyaçlarına ne düzeyde cevap verdiğini belirlemektir. Araştırma, nitel araştırma çerçevesinde durum çalışması yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Çalışma da veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme yöntemi ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan grup Erzurum ilinde görev yapan 15 gönüllü öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma verileri nitel analiz yöntemlerinden, betimsel analiz yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Öğretmenlerin BEP te olması gerekli olduğunu düşündüğü bölümün problem davranışlar bölümünün olduğu her iki gurup öğretmen tarafından da ortak görülmüştür. Başka bir sonuçta yıl sonunda hedeflere ulaşabiliyor musunuz sorusuna paket program kullananların ulaşmakta zorlandıkları belirlenmiştir.
An assessment of portal to learn foreign languages
Authors: Szmit Marek , Wojtaszko Paweł , Kozieł Grzegorz
Published: December 2020

Foreign languages learning is becoming more and more popular. A lot of people decides to start learning but in many cases some barriers exist. In small towns or villages there are no qualified teachers. This problem can be solved by remote teaching. Last time it is a popular method to make language lessons via voice communicators. Such a method should be supported by another tool to send tasks to do to students or to examine them. A portal to support learning foreign languages and to ensure communication between teacher and students was created by authors. The goal of the paper is to present its capabilities and to verify its usefulness.
Impact of the cloud application programming language on the performance of its implementation in selected serverless environments
Authors: Bezrąk Krzysztof , Przyłucki Sławomir
Published: December 2020

Recent years of cloud technology development have brought a sharp increase in interest in solutions known as serverless systems. Their performance, and thus usefulness in potential applications, strongly depends on the method of program implementation of specific tasks. The article analyzes the impact of selected, currently the most popular, programming languages on the performance of the serverless test infrastructure running in an environment managed by the Kubernetes system. The collected data were used to formulate conclusions regarding the suitability of individual languages in the conditions of varying serverless system loads.
An Examination of Selected Websites Availability For People With Various Types of Disabilities
Authors: Proskura Mateusz , Podkościelna Sylwia , Kozieł Grzegorz
Published: December 2020

The Internet is transforming into the main source of information. Standards are being developed so that people with different types of disabilities are not to feel excluded. Tools based on certain standards automate tasks, but they are also important to work correctly. The study consisted of checking the pages with selected tools discussed in the literature dealing with website accessibility. The validators are identically configured each time the website verifies compliance with the WCAG 2.1 standard. The number of errors detected per page varies significantly when using individual tools. The error rate calculated for the number of all HTML elements of the page ranges between less than 1% and 80%. It is not possible to unambiguously select the worst service on the basis of analyzing all results obtained, it can be a different service for each tool. The tools automate the activities of verifying availability. Each of the validators tested found errors, some of the same. The best solution is not to rely on just one tool, because the results obtained can relate to completely different elements of the page. It all depends on the care of the creators in the preparation of the tool and their care for compliance with standards.
Performance comparison of web services using Symfony, Spring, and Rails examples
Authors: Lubartowicz Patryk , Pańczyk Beata
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of web application frameworks for Java, PHP and Ruby. The most popular programming frameworks for each language were used for the research: Spring, Symfony and Ruby on Rails. In each of the frameworks the REST and SOAP web services were prepared and used to measure the request execution time. Measurements were made using Postman and SoapUI tools. The tests results showed that Spring is the fastest way to handle requests.
El CAMINO ÉLFICO: UNA LECTURA ANTIESPECISTA DE ELDEST
Authors: Saravia Joaquín
Published: December 2020

Siguiendo el concepto de especismo propuesto por Peter Singer, este artículo considera a la novela Eldest (2005) de Christopher Paolini tanto una herramienta pedagógica como un producto ideológico que critica la prevalencia sistémica del especismo y promueve una relación respetuosa con los animales no humanos. Lo anterior se realiza a través de la promoción de valores antiespecistas sin obviar las limitaciones, complejidades y contradicciones que surgen del contexto particular de cada sociedad o individuo. Para sustentar la tesis expuesta se analizan tres cuestiones. La primera es la condición de enanos, humanos y dragones como representaciones de la mayoría especista. La segunda es la de los elfos como alternativa minoritaria no especista. Finalmente, se analiza el proceso de formación y cambio de Eragon como instrumento pedagógico de promoción del antiespecismo.
A.Zaenurrosyid THE MODEL OF MEMORIZING QUR'AN FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS AND THE MANAGEMENT OF TAHFIDZ BOARDING SCHOOL
Authors: Zaenurrosyid Ahmad , Kahfi Abdul , Sholihah Hidayatus
Published: December 2020

Abstract

The world of pesantren is an educational learning environment that effectively shapes the thinking and mentality of students effectively. Complete physical facilities such as buildings, learning environments, playgrounds or curricula and educational resources (asaatidz) that accompany 24 hours for the students intensively. The students are also protected from the temptation of contemporary social media which tends to have a negative impact during the education process on Pesantren, especially at an early age. The Madinatul Quran Islamic boarding school, which is located in Pecangaan, the South coast area in coastal Java, is interesting to be studied because the integration of this educational institution is the provision of Tahfidz Alquran for small children who are also study at formal education, Islamic primary school or state or primate primary school.

This study applied the perspective of management of Islamic boarding schools by using qualitative approach. Some informants as primary data sources were the founders and administrators of Islamic boarding schools. The data was collected through in-depth interview observation methods and observations at the pesantren. Another method is the collection of documentation as a secondary data source in this Madinatul Quran Islamic boarding school.

From various analyzes of the data in this study, it is found that the application of innovative methods from the teachers in the pattern of memorizing the Quran for primary school children. The two patterns of management of pesantren which are managed professionally and supported by various parties, especially on the pesantren facilities and the appreciation for human resources, the achievements of the students at the Madinatul Quran Pati Selatan pesantren.
Menangkal hoax melalui workshop literasi media dan bedah film “Tilik” bagi Karang Taruna Desa Karyamekar
Authors:   Universitas Garut, Fanaqi Chotijah , Nurdianti Chairunnisa Arti ,   Universitas Garut
Published: December 2020

Purpose: The aim of the media literacy workshop through the review of the Tilik film is to build awareness and understanding for Karyamekar associations in an effort to ward off hoaxes that are rife on social media. The discussion and review of this film was in the context of the implementation of Community Service which was held by the Garut University Service Team in collaboration with the Youth Organization of Karyamekar Village, Cilawu District, Garut Regency. Method: The method used is a workshop and film surgery "TILIK". Results: The results of these activities indicated that the workshop with the discussion method and providing examples of the latest cases (film review) was quite effective. This can be seen in the enthusiasm of the participants, as well as the ongoing discussion process. Conclusion: The Tilik Film Review activity has a very positive impact on the participants to foster their interest in media literacy. Keywords: Media literacy, Hoax
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN HIGHER EDUCATION ON TEACHERS AND STUDENTS - A PARALLEL STUDY
Authors: A Jasmine.
Published: December 2020

COVID-19 has struck our education system like a lightning bolt and shaken it to its core . The pandemic that has shuttered economies around the world has also battered education systems in developing and developed countries. The impact has been dramatic and transformative as educators scramble to put in place workable short-term solutions for remote teaching and learning, particularly in emerging markets, where students and schools face additional challenges related to financing and available infrastructure. Each and every institution are facing unique challenges. The COVID 19 Pandemic has imposed pressures to all sectors of the country and the education sector has also been imposed for the paradigm shift from traditional physical classroom education methodology to the Online classes. Lecturers are still struggling to maintain the same depth of engagement with students that they could have in a classroom setting. Just as the First Industrial Revolution forged today’s system of education, we can expect a different kind of educational model to emerge from COVID-19. This paper deals about the teacher’s adaptability to new methods of teaching the students in online classes, through videoconference like zoom meet, google meet etc.… and the challenges that they face. Also, this paper presents about the students and their financial difficulty and family support to connect themselves in online for their education and the obstacle they face to move from face to face learning to offline modem.
EFFICACY OF SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING HOME CARE MANAGEMENT OF CHEMOTHERAPY AMONG CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: Mishra Arti , Thakur Rajni
Published: December 2020

Cancer is one of the most common leading cause of death worldwide. There will be 1.5 million new cases of cancer acquiring in the united state every year. The result of the study shows that a wide gap between knowledge and practice in home care while discharge of patient after chemotherapy. Result showed that the mean posttest knowledge score (21.54) is apparently higher than the mean pretest knowledge score (10.03). the dispersion of pretest score (S.D. ± 2.101) is more than that of their posttest score (S.D. ± 0.901) and the computed ‘t’ value shows that there is a highly significant differences between pretest and posttest mean knowledge score (t 39 = 41.74, p≤ 0.05 level).
Modelling and Validation of the Composite Shell of a Train Seat
Authors: Gołębiowski Łukasz , Siwek Marcin , Ciesielski Marcin , Zagórski Andrzej , Krauze Sławomir , Majewski Radosław
Published: December 2020

The subject of the modelling work and the conducted experiments is the composite shell of a train seat. The activities carried out involved designing the geometry, planning the material structure, and selecting the materials to be used. The shell was built using polymer matrix fibrous composites (i.e. FRP – Fibre Reinforced Polymer – composites), which are lighter than steel and comply with the relevant standards for strength and safety at the same time. This was followed by creating a computational model for the shell and conducting a strength analysis in accordance with the guidelines of the relevant industry standard and strength hypotheses adopted for FRP composites. The calculations were conducted using ANSYS Composite PrepPost software based on the finite element method. The article offers a strength analysis of an optimised composite shell of a train seat. Based on the guidelines obtained as a result of the conducted modelling work, a physical prototype (validation model) of the seat was created. Hot vacuum lamination technology was applied in the production process. The experimental validation of the model, producing a positive result, was conducted using a test stand owned by S.Z.T.K. TAPS – Maciej Kowalski. Keywords: train seat structure, FRP composite, FEM modelling, experimental validation
Speed of Trains Running on Parallel Track Connections Using Curved Turnouts
Authors: Koc Władysław
Published: December 2020

The issue of connecting parallel main tracks located in a circular curve by means of curved turnouts is discussed in the pa-per, focusing on determining the achievable train speed. Selected geometries are used in the analysis. The curved turnout diverging track radii and the corresponding train speeds are determined. An analytical notation is used, thereby creating greater options in specific applications. It is shown that the speed of trains running on parallel track connections depends on the type of basic turnout subjected to curving (i.e. mainly on the radius of this turnout), while the second very important factor is the value of the track cant used. In each case, the determined speed resulting from the diverging track radius is lower than the speed on the main tracks. While discussing the general principles of constructing parallel track connections in a circular arc using curved turnouts, it is pointed out that in some situations the speed of travel must be further reduced due to the need to connect the ends of the diverging tracks with a circular arc. Keywords: railway turnouts, turnout curving, speed analysis, connecting diverging tracks
Cyberbezpieczeństwo zarządzania sieciami i partycjami w transporcie kolejowym
Authors: Procházka Jan , Novobilsky Petr , Procházkova Dana
Published: December 2020

Infrastruktura transportu kolejowego zapewnia codzienny przewóz dużej liczby osób i ładunków. Znaczenie kolei pod względem zapewnienia sprawności obsługi na danym obszarze czyni z niej infrastrukturę krytyczną. Obserwuje się istotny rozwój wykorzystania technologii informatycznych na kolei, podobnie jak we wszystkich innych branżach. Z tego względu zarządzanie koleją, jako systemem fizycznym, należy zastąpić zarządzaniem koleją, jako systemem cyberfizycznym. Infrastruktura kolejowa jest narażona na znaczące ataki zarówno w przestrzeni fizycznej, jak i w cyberprzestrzeni. Artykuł jest poświęcony zarządzaniu sieciami komunikacyjnymi, służącymi do transmisji danych i partycjami, rozumianymi jako logicznie wydzielone zasoby informatyczne (służące do przetwarzania danych), wykorzystywanymi na potrzeby trans-portu kolejowego. Systemowo, wielopoziomowe, bezpieczne i niezależne (ang. System Multiple Independent Levels of Security – MILS) przetwarzanie danych spełnia wysokie wymagania dotyczące bezpieczeństwa systemu. MILS jest niezawodną architekturą bezpieczeństwa opartą na koncepcji separacji i kontrolowanego przepływu danych. W artykule opisano możliwości wykorzystania platformy MILS w systemie teleinformatycznym i systemie sterowania ruchem kolejowym. Słowa kluczowe: Systemy cyberfizyczne, infrastruktura krytyczna, systemowo wielopoziomowe, bezpieczne i niezależne przetwarzanie danych (MILS)
Investigation of the Effect of Nano Particles on Visco-elastic Behaviour of CFRP Hybrid Nanocomposites
Authors: D. Ambekar Shailesh , K. Tripathi Vipin
Published: December 2020

The aim of the study is to do an experimental analysis and investigation of visco-elastic behaviour of CFRP hybrid nanocomposites, which contains the small percentage of nanoclay and nanoZnO particles mixed for the improvement in the various properties of the CFRP composites. Also there is try to focus on the combined effect of another variable, i.e., fiber angle of orientation along with changing the percentage of nano particles.A hand layup method followed by process of vacuum bagging was used to make the samples of composite. Dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) was used to inspect the dynamic mechanical properties of CFRP hybrid nanocomposite specimens with changing temperature. The OVAT analysis is carried out for three mentioned variables and studied effect of variables on the various visco elastic properties like flexural storage modulus, loss modulus, Glass transition temperature and tan etc. It is found that due to the presence of nano particles there is tremendous change in the value of storage modulus ,it gets almost doubled, i.e., 200%because of the presence of nano particles. The experimental result also shows the positive effect on the loss modulus because of the nano particle contribution .Similarly there is considerable
change in GTT(Glass transmission temperature) and change in length in DMA (Dynamic mechanical analysis ).
Crack Propagation in the Spur Gear of Tubler Gear Mechanism of Lathe Machine
Authors: Mohite M. A. , Kothavale B. S.
Published: December 2020

An estimation of the spur gear service life and crack path analysisis proposed in this paper. Ip theory using numerical solution is used to find the fatigue crack propagation rate, service life, and crack path due to bending fatigue. A spur gear of tumbler gear mechanism of lathe machine, is implemented for this analysis. An experimental test on gear specimens was carried out to analyze the crack propagation due to fatigue. Besides, service life estimated by the theory was compared with the most common Paris law. Hence further, extended finite element approach (Ansys)is implemented for the simulation of gear crack propagation trajectory. The simulation results are verified with experimental test. The service life and crack trajectory of the gear is obtained with ‘Ip’ theory and found in good agreement with experiment.In overall, this study signifies the gear failure
prediction methodology during crack propagation in respect of life cycles and trajectory path.
Transmission of Secure Biometric Data for Network-based User Authentication
Authors: Khan M
Published: December 2020

The large-scale utilization of biometric authentication systems creates a demand for effective and reliable security and privacy of its data. Biometric data is not secret and if compromised, it can have catastrophic effects on the integrity of the whole verification system. To address these issues, this paper presents a novel encryption and watermarking method by using public key infrastructure for the secure transmission of biometric data over network. Encryption is applied on the biometric template before embedding as a watermark to make it more secure and robust and then, it is hid into the cover image. Experimental results show that the security, performance, and accuracy of the presented method is encouraging comparable with the other methods found in the current literature.
Venere e Cupido di palazzo Pandolfini a Firenze: una scultura inedita di Chiarissimo Fancelli
Authors: Cardini Agnese
Published: December 2020

This paper aims to add another piece of knowledge for Chiarissimo Fancelli, one of the leading sculptors in the Florentine art scene of the first thirty years of the Seventeenth century. The artwork, credited to the sculptor from Settignano, is located in palazzo Pandolfini (Florence) and represents Venus and Cupid. Through the analysis of both its style and available bibliographical and historical sources, the marble group can now be included in the corpus of Fancelli’s sculptures and dated to 1620-1625.
La «gita di Fiandra»: globi, libri e carte geografiche per Ferdinando II de’ Medici nella corrispondenza diplomatica di Giovan Battista Gondi
Authors: Brovadan Carlotta Paola
Published: December 2020

In the summer of 1634 the grand-ducal ambassador resident in France Giovan Battista Gondi made an undercover journey to Spanish Netherlands to meet Maria de’ Medici and tried to persuade her to leave the Habsburg territories for Florence. Despite the failure of the negotiations, a series of unpublished letters exchanged between Gondi and the first secretary of the Grand Duchy Andrea Cioli will serve as an opportunity to analyze which cultural and artistic affairs involved the Tuscan agent alongside the political events he primarily dealt with. In his letters Gondi described different artefacts that could have been acquired for the Medici collection, and publications that could have contributed to the reputation of the Grand Duke or, on the contrary, jeopardized it.
Disegni di Cesare e Pietro Dandini dalla raccolta Dandini-Targioni Tozzetti
Authors: Benassai Silvia
Published: December 2020

The essay concerns two drawings by the Florentine baroque painters Cesare and Pietro Dandini, coming from the Dandini-Targioni Tozzetti collection. The naturalist Giovanni Targioni Tozzetti (1712-1783), consort of Maria Brigida, daughter of Ottaviano Dandini, brought together the impressive set of drawings belonging to the Dandini family, which were divided into twenty volumes, probably dismembered in the Nineteenth century. The paper presents two drawings which belonged to that collection: a sheet in sanguine by Cesare Dandini depicting a male figure, and a drawing by Pier Dandini depicting The glory of Saint Verdiana, a preparatory study for an altarpiece that was part of a series of large canvases executed by Pier Dandini between 1706 and 1710 for the basilica of Santa Trinita in Florence.
I ritratti di uomini illustri degli Uffizi dipinti da Carlo Ventura Sacconi, Giovanni Pietro Pollini e Giovanni Berti
Authors: Morelli Laura
Published: December 2020

Documentary investigations conducted at the Florence State Archives contributed to shed light on eighteenth-century efforts to develop the collection of the Uomini Illustri portraits, exhibited along the walls of the Uffizi Gallery. While the original body of works had been commissioned by granduke Cosimo I to Cristofano di Papi dell’Altissimo, who had copied the series held by Paolo Giovio in his villa in Como, the Florentine collection was later enriched by a massive supply of portraits between 1719 and 1733. The desire to complete the Uffizi ‘gioviana’ series was probably due to Anna Maria Luisa de’ Medici and the artist who followed in Cristofano dell’Altissimo’s footsteps should be identified in Carlo Ventura Sacconi (1676-1762), who painted 159 portraits of illustrious men. Between 1721 and 1727 the painter also completed the so-called ‘serie Aulica’, which was displayed – just like the ‘gioviana’ series – in the corridors of the Florentine Gallery.
Considerazioni su arte francese e arte italiana: da Luigi XII e Francesco I alla Maison de Gondi di Saint-Cloud e agli Orléans
Authors: Pelliciari Medardo
Published: December 2020

The paper retraces the relationship between Italian and French art from the late 15th to the early 18th century, by focusing on some relevant episodes related especially to the Pio di Savoia and the Medici families and their connections with members of the French court.
Tantangan Pariwisata pada Wilayah Perbatasan dalam Era Disrupsi Teknologi: Studi Kasus Regulasi Transportasi Online di Kota Batam, Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Andini Cindy , Akbar Dhani
Published: December 2020

One of the products of technological disruption which is currently becoming the prima donna in order to facilitate the public is an online transportation application. Payment is also made easy, namely using e Money. Until now, tourists in Batam have started relying on this application because it is considered easy and safe. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods that aim to explain the existing problems by providing answers to the problems raised. Descriptive qualitative research is a study in which the writer explains the phenomenon that is adapted to the concept and theory as supporting material for proof of writing. Even though it makes it easy and absorbs a lot of workforce, the fact that online transportation is still a controversy has caused chaos and unrest. What policies should be implemented? and how can Industry 4.0 increase competitiveness in this strategic area? The government as a regulator needs to make policies to organize the movement of this transportation so that the conducive situation desired by tourists can be realized.
PANDEMİ SÜRECİNDE ONLİNE ANKET UYGULAMASI
Authors: EZGİNCİ Yalçin
Published: December 2020

Covid-19 pandemisi nedeniyle Üniversitemizde alt yapı imkânları nispetinde ve paydaşların etkin katılımı ile 23 Mart 2020 tarihinde uzaktan eğitime geçilmiştir. Elektrik ve Elektronik Mühendisliği Bölümünde Devre Analizi Laboratuvar dersi, dönem başından pandemi kısıtlamalarının başladığı tarihe kadar (ilk 5 hafta) normal yüz yüze laboratuvar uygulamaları olarak gerçekleştirildi. Pandemi kısıtlarından itibaren uzaktan eğitim, Öğretim Yönetim Sistemleri (ÖYS) üzerinden asenkron videolar, ders notları ve canlı ders uygulamaları ile yapılmıştır. Eğitimin değerlendirilmesinde, ara sınav ve final sınavları yerine, her bir öğrenciye farklı bir çalışma içeren ödev uygulaması tercih edilmiştir. Kamuoyunda uzaktan eğitim ve sınavları hakkında yapılan tartışmaların öğrencilerde bir karşılığının olup olmadığını araştırmak üzere 28 soru içeren bir anket hazırlanmıştır. Ankette öğrencilerin uzaktan eğitime katılım, eğitimin değerlendirilmesi ve derslerdeki uygulamaları içeren sorular yer aldı. Anket, ara sınavdan hemen sonra dersin ÖYS sayfalarında ilan edildi. Dersi alan öğrencilerin sayısı 115 ve ankete katılan öğrenci sayısı 42 olup ankete katılım oranı %36,5 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Anket sorularına ait temel istatistikler ve bazı yorumlar çalışmanın sonuna eklenmiştir.
Descobrindo a realidade por trás das afirmações da administração: Uma abordagem qualitativa para identificar achados de auditoria utilizando diagrama de evidências
Authors: Souza Frederico Pinto de
Published: December 2020

No âmbito do poder público, diversos órgãos e entidades têm normas e procedimentos com o objetivo de orientar e padronizar como atividades de auditoria. Apesar disso, esses padrões técnicos não podem suportar a etapa de organização das alterações de maneira que seja possível reconstruir a realidade por trás das declarações feitas pelo administrador sobre o gasto público auditado. O objetivo do presente artigo é definir e apresentar um método de análise qualitativa que possibilite a organização como os resultados encontrados usando os recursos necessários capturar e exibir a realidade por trás das declarações usadas pelos interesses públicos. Para isso, um diagrama de criação é criado de modo a exibir o relacionamento entre variáveis, que representam como declarações implícitas e explícitas feitas pelos usuários, e seus itens correspondentes de evidências, que são coletadas como informações coletadas durante auditorias e que permitem concluir sobre as exibições de suporte, ou não, essas declarações. Após a construção do diagrama, é desenvolvida uma análise qualitativa do visto, dentre outros objetivos, identificando possíveis relações de causa-efeito entre os itens de evidência. Com base neste conjunto de informações, os achados relevantes são identificados e comunicados. O método desenvolvido pode ser empregado em complemento aos padrões técnicos de auditoria atualmente em uso no âmbito do poder público. que retratam como informações coletadas durante os auditorias e que permitem concluir sobre a presença de suporte, ou não, essas declarações. Após a construção do diagrama, é desenvolvida uma análise qualitativa do visto, dentre outros objetivos, identificando possíveis relações de causa-efeito entre os itens de evidência. Com base neste conjunto de informações, os achados relevantes são identificados e comunicados. O método desenvolvido pode ser empregado em complemento aos padrões técnicos de auditoria atualmente em uso no âmbito do poder público. que retratam como informações coletadas durante os auditorias e que permitem concluir sobre a presença de suporte, ou não, essas declarações. Após a construção do diagrama, é desenvolvida uma análise qualitativa do visto, dentre outros objetivos, identificando possíveis relações de causa-efeito entre os itens de evidência. Com base neste conjunto de informações, os achados relevantes são identificados e comunicados. O método desenvolvido pode ser empregado em complemento aos padrões técnicos de auditoria atualmente em uso no âmbito do poder público. os achados relevantes são selecionados e comunicados. O método desenvolvido pode ser empregado em complemento aos padrões técnicos de auditoria atualmente em uso no âmbito do poder público. os achados relevantes são selecionados e comunicados. O método desenvolvido pode ser empregado em complemento aos padrões técnicos de auditoria atualmente em uso no âmbito do poder público.
O CONTROLE E A PUNIÇÃO SALVARÃO A ÉTICA PÚBLICA? As limitações do Sistema de Gestão de Ética do Poder Executivo Federal
Authors: Nunes Luís Henrique Monteiro
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar as limitações do Sistema de Gestão Ética do Poder Executivo Federal, enquanto a política focada no controle exercido por comissões desvinculadas de iniciativas institucionais de educação para a ética no Brasil. Para tanto, selecione uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre uma idéia de Ética e abordar, a partir da experiência pessoal, ou o trabalho desenvolvido pelo Sistema de Gestão de Ética do Poder Executivo Federal. A prática do Sistema será relatada e examinada criticamente com o auxílio de algumas notas conceituais sobre ética, ética pública, moral, moral sistêmica. O estudo identifica uma ênfase normativa, com foco no controle e na ação de conduta individual de agentes públicos, como um recurso mais relevante da atuação das comissões de ética que compõem o Sistema. Minha conclusão é que esta linha de atuação se baseia na visão empobrecida da ética pública e é insuficiente para a conta das necessidades sociais. Uma mudança profunda na ética ética da sociedade brasileira atual não é possível se garantir a ética dos agentes públicos.
Sistema de Controle Interno do Poder Executivo Federal: Mudanças e Agentes Políticos na Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1987
Authors: Silva da Costa Beatriz
Published: December 2020

A Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1987 marcou o começo da redemocratização no Brasil. As disputas por um projeto de país tomaram diferentes formas e temas. E o mesmo não foi diferente com o sistema de controle interno. A trajetória deste fenômeno data o início do século XX e adentra o século XXI. Muito popular na literatura da Administração Pública, muitos estudos foram publicados sobre o controle interno, mas majoritariamente com uma perspectiva da gestão pública ou da contabilidade. Este artigo analisa quais foram as mudanças institucionais no sistema de controle interno do Poder Executivo Federal Brasileiro entre a Constituição de 1967 e 1988. À luz da teoria de mudanças institucionais este artigo pretende contribuir com a literatura das Ciências Sociais e da Ciência Política sobre os tipos de mudanças ocorridas, os tipos de agentes políticos envolvidos em tais mudanças, bem como interpretar a influência do contexto político na época sobre os resultados promulgados com a Constituição Federal Brasileira de 1988.
Reequilíbrio econômico-financeiro em concessões de infraestrutura no Brasil: reflexões sobre os impactos da pandemia do Covid-19
Authors: Gonçalves Rodrigo Carvalho , Bandeira Marcos Lima
Published: December 2020

Discussões sobre as consequências da crise do Covid-19 nos setores regulados de infraestrutura do país e seus reflexos nos contratos têm ganhado destaque entre representantes governamentais, da iniciativa privada e da área acadêmica. Diante disso, a presente pesquisa objetiva demonstrar os impactos dessa pandemia em alguns setores de infraestrutura, considerando os diversos posicionamentos de profissionais, acadêmicos e entidades dos setores público e privado, com foco em aspectos relacionados ao reequilíbrio econômico-financeiro dos contratos. A partir das análises efetuadas, infere-se que alguns fatores essenciais precisam ser considerados nas discussões sobre os eventuais pedidos de reequilíbrio, tais como os procedimentos ou parâmetros adotados para a análise desses pedidos, os riscos ou situações concretas em que as concessionárias encontravam-se inadimplentes antes da crise, a transparência dos mecanismos e procedimentos adotados pelos órgãos envolvidos, o levantamento prévio de riscos específicos de cada setor regulado e o comportamento das variáveis-chave do contrato em decorrência da crise. Além do mais, torna-se importante a atuação dos órgãos de fiscalização e controle de maneira coordenada na análise das questões que envolvem o reequilíbrio dos contratos, de modo a reduzir sobreposições e custos administrativos e de transação para todas as instâncias e atores envolvidos. As considerações deste estudo visam contribuir para o debate acerca da importância dos mecanismos de equilíbrio contratual como um aspecto fundamental para a continuidade de negócios complexos de longo prazo, como é o caso das concessões de infraestrutura, sem desconsiderar aspectos como governança, gestão de riscos e controles.
Accountability e controle em tempos de pandemia: desafios e interlocução entre os campos científico e profissional
Authors: Lustosa da Costa Frederico , Grin Eduardo José , Oliveira Júnior Temístocles Murilo de
Published: December 2020

O advento da pandemia de Covid-19 e as consequências econômicas, sociais e políticas do seu combate suscitam debates sobre a ação pública e os controles que sobre ela se exercem, levando ao questionamento sobre a permanência, o funcionamento e a eficácia dos mecanismos de accountability em tempos de calamidade pública. 
Quem se ocupa de estudar os sistemas de controle da ação pública sabe que há sempre uma tensão entre a tempestividade das entregas, a eficiência da prestação e a efetividade dos controles. Isso se agrava em momentos de crise, em que emergências de qualquer natureza impõem prazos curtos para as entregas, prestação sub-ótima para os beneficiários e afrouxamento dos controles.
Obstáculo semelhante se impõe à tarefa de produzir conhecimento novo sobre fatos emergentes, sem que o recuo do tempo permita oferecer séries históricas consistentes, leituras diversificadas, inferências sólidas e análises aprofundadas. A rapidez dos acontecimentos requer a celeridade da ação e da reflexão, ou vice-versa. Num e noutro polo, o debate e a interlocução entre profissionais e acadêmicos ganham centralidade para a minimização de riscos e para formulação e implementação de alternativas.
Tais desafios impulsionam o dossiê dedicado ao tema do controle e da accountability no contexto da pandemia, cuja proposta e trabalhos abordam a forma como a administração pública no Brasil, Espanha e Estados Unidos vem lidando com essas questões sob dois enfoques. De um lado, a urgência de ações que a pandemia demanda para responder aos efeitos sociais, econômicos e sanitários provocados pela COVID-19. De outro, em que medida os procedimentos necessários de respeito às leis e da transparência seguem sendo obedecidos sem gerar ônus à sociedade.
Um periódico científico devotado ao estudo da administração pública também precisa dar respostas rápidas aos questionamentos que nascem nos campos científico e profissional sobre o enfrentamento de uma determinada crise. Oferecer uma oportunidade de reflexão, debate e interlocução entre esses campos sobre temas relacionados à accountability e ao controle no contexto da pandemia foi o propósito da Revista da CGU com a publicação do dossiê.
EFEITOS DA LEI DE RESPONSABILIDADE FISCAL SOBRE AS DESPESAS PÚBLICAS DO ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA: EVIDÊNCIAS DO PERÍODO 1995-2010 SEGUNDO CRITÉRIOS DA OCDE
Authors: De Morais Leandro Morais , Vicente Ernesto Fernando Rodrigues , Souza Gueibi Peres
Published: December 2020

Neste artigo adota-se a posição de que as regras fiscais são relevantes e devem ser incorporadas ao processo de análise e discussão do comportamento das finanças públicas, utilizando-se o enfoque da Contabilidade Patrimonial e critérios da Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE). Após uma breve revisão da literatura e inserção do caso brasileiro, propõe-se a seguinte pergunta: Qual foi o efeito da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal (LRF) sobre a dinâmica das despesas públicas orçamentárias do Estado de Santa de Catarina no período 1995-2010, analisadas à luz de critérios da OCDE? O estudo investiga, então, se essa relação se sustenta empiricamente. Para isso, estimou-se um modelo contabilométrico com dados de séries temporais para o Governo Estadual de Santa Catarina no período 1995-2010,  que inclui uma variável “dummy” para a adoção da LRF, além de variáveis econômico financeiras e demográficas. Os resultados demonstram que não houve a quebra estrutural de nenhum dos modelos estatísticos testados. Portanto, infere-se que a LRF brasileira não alterou a tendência linear de despesas realizadas em 7 funções desempenhadas e que existe espaço para aperfeiçoamentos nas regras fiscais brasileiras vigentes.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO CRITÉRIO PARTIDÁRIO COMO PARÂMETRO DE SELEÇÃO DOS DIRIGENTES DA SECRETARIA FEDERAL DE CONTROLE INTERNO.
Authors: Gomes Djalma Peçanha
Published: December 2020

A presente pesquisa verificou, no âmbito da Cúpula Diretora da Secretaria Federal de Controle Interno (SFC), uma preponderância do critério partidário como fator de seleção dos servidores que compõem como cargas de direção do órgão. Para o alcance desse intento, foi realizada uma análise de participação do SFC, no período de janeiro de 2003 a setembro de 2016, com o fim de levantar subsídios para fundamentar os resultados encontrados.Em um primeiro momento, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica dos temas relacionados ao presente estudo, além do levantamento de dados dos servidores ocupados como cargas em comissão (DAS 5 e DAS 6), por intermédio de pesquisa na rede mundial de computadores, Lei de Acesso à Informação, Portal da Transparência do Governo Federal e requisição de informações aos órgãos competentes. De posse dessas informações, foi realizada uma montagem do perfil atual da Cúpula dirigida pelo SFC e pelo aplicativo de Índice de Partidarização Ministerial (IPM), desenvolvida por professores da Universidade de Brasília (UnB), André Borges e Denilson Coêlho, para verificação do grau de partidação da unidade.Como resultado, verificou-se que a partidação da SFC, ao longo do último decênio, é muito baixa, tende a zero; concluir que corrobora sua classificação como organismo técnico, dada por Cecília Olivieri no trabalho de sua autoria e que revela que a filiação partidária não é uma qualificação decisiva na escolha dos dirigentes do SFC. Por outro lado, como corolário do estudo realizado, ou preenchimento das cargas de direção do SFC, nos últimos três anos,forasteiros ). Essa situação abre a possibilidade de executar os estudos empíricos futuros para determinar seus efeitos, positivos ou negativos, para uma entidade.
La Nación mexicana en el siglo XIX (observaciones sobre el concepto de nación y sobre la fraseología nacional)
Authors: Łepkowski Tadeusz
Published: December 2020

Łepkowski's article illustrates the change of language used to describe Mexican national identity. It all started in 1810 with the Mexican War of Independence, when the earliest forms of such expression were used for the first time. Mexican national identity was not developed at the time, so terms such as América Mexicana or Nación Americana were used. The people referred to themselves as Americanos. Only after Iturbide the name Mexican Empire was introduced because traditionally 'empires' are named after their capital cities. This led to abandonment of the "Americano" identit. Łepkowski also notes other transformations of what was considered key traits of Mexican national identity: religion, the form of government and finally the concept of nation.

English abstract/description written by Michał Gilewski
A imigração alemãno Brasil à luz dos relatórios dos cônsules do Império Alemão no início do século XX
Authors: Anuszewska Ewa
Published: December 2020

Ewa Anuszewska's article relates the problems of the German minority in Brazil and their influence on the German-Brazilian relations in the beginning of the 20th Century.
José María Arguedas como representante de la cultura quechua - análisis de la novela «El zorro de arriba y el zorro de abajo»
Authors: Mróz Marcin
Published: December 2020

José María Arguedas was an important Peruvian writer. His last novel "El zorro de arriba y el zorro de abajo" The Fox from Up Above and the Fox from Down Below) relates the stories of the lives of the people called Chimbote. The main focus is on the changes of the traditional lifestyle that accompanied the development of this Peruvian town: thanks to the fishing boom large numbers of migrants, of different social and ethnic backgrounds relocated here. Mróz analyses the themes influenced by the indigenous Quechua culture in the novel. According to Mróz the Quechua culture is centrally and deeply present in the novel in three different aspects: linguistics, the way the world is portrayed, and the image and future of the society.
La formación del Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores de Argentina, 1963-1972
Authors: Kowalewski Zbigniew Maria
Published: December 2020

The 60's in Argentina saw the rise of armed political left-wing groups. According to Kowalewski's article they were a response to the state monopoly on violence. One of the leading forces was the Revolutionary Workers Party – Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores. The article summarizes the origins of the movements and the backgrounds of its leader Mario Roberto Santucho. Kowalewski also writes about the transformation of Frente Revolucionario Indoamericano Popular and Palabra Obrera, two organisations that preceded the PRT.
El triunfo de Hunahpue Ixbalanque: paradigma del renacimiento en la religión de los mayas
Authors: Murawski Krzysztof
Published: December 2020

The Popol Vuh is a famous example of K´ichean indigenous literature. The main part of the most famous version of this texts recounts the story of two heroes, The Heavenly Twins called Hunahpu and Ixbalanque. Murawski's 1984 study tries to summarize and understand the role and symbolism in the K'iche Maya indigenous ideology. The Popol Vuh is analyzed and compared with complementary Maya ethno-historic sources. In the search of meaning of these two figures, their characteristics and actions are compared to the practice of self-sacrifice, which is also discussed from the perspective of Carl Jung's ideas.

Abstract by Editorial Team.
La invasión a Polonia en la prensa de la capital mexicana. Septiembre de 1939
Authors: Sánchez Lozano María Teresa
Published: December 2020

Article was published originally without abstract.
La visión del futuro del Perú en la «Nueva Corónica y Buen Gobierno» de Felipe Guarnan Poma de Ayala
Authors: Mróz Maria
Published: December 2020

"Nueva Corónica y Buen Gobierno" by Felipe Guarnan Poma de Ayala is not only a chronicle dedicated to the description of the grandeur of the Andean pre-Columbian societies and denouncing the abuses of the Spanish invaders. The "Nueva Corónica" also proposes a new socio-political model for Peru which is the subject of the article. Such proposals have a distinctly Andean background, as the proposed changes relate to Andean ideals. There is however an important European element: it is proposed that in the future Peru should follow the Christian religion. According to Marta Mróz, the proposal was primary another manifestation of Guarnan Poma's rejection of the Spanish conquest.

English abstract/description written by Michał Gilewski