bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two-way fluid-structure interaction study of twisted tape insert in a circular tube having integral fins with nanofluid
Authors: Mustafa Mustafa Abdulsalam , Abdullah Atheer Raheem , Hasan Wajeeh Kamal , Habeeb Laith J. , Nassar Maadh Fawzi
Published: July 2021

This work deals with fluid-structure interaction (FSI), one of the emerging areas of numerical simulation and calculation. This research shows a numerical study investigating heat transfer enhancement and fluid-structure interaction in a circular finned tube by using alumina nanofluid as a working fluid with a typical twisted tape that has a twisting ratio of 1.85. The studied nanofluid volumes of fraction are φ=0, 3, 5 % under conditions of laminar and turbulent flow. The solution for such problems is based on the relations of continuum mechanics and is mostly done with numerical methods. FSI occurs when the flow of fluid influences the properties of a structure or vice versa. It is a computational challenge to deal with such problems due to complexity in defining the geometries, nature of the interaction between a fluid and solid, intricate physics of fluids and requirements of computational resources. CFD investigations were made based on the numerical finite volume techniques to solve the governing three-dimensional partial differential equations to get the influence of inserted twisted tape and concentration of nanofluid on heat transfer enhancement, friction loss, average Nusselt number, velocity profile, thermal performance factor characteristics, and two-way interaction in a circular tube at laminar and turbulent flow. The governing continuity, momentum and energy transfer equations are solved using Ansys Fluent and Transient Structural. The simulation results show that the deformations of two-way coupling fluctuate from side to side, with 0.004 mm, as maximum amplitude, located at the typical twisted tape center. Heat transfer dissipation improved by adding fins and as Reynolds numbers increase the heat transfer behavior increases.
Comparison of fly ash with Lapindo mud as a land stabilizer for landfill in Pasuruan–Indonesia
Authors: Sudjianto Agus Tugas , Halim Abdul , Gembiranto Oktiono , Susilo Sugeng Hadi
Published: July 2021

The paper discusses the comparison of fly ash with Lapindo mud as a land stabilizer for a landfill in Pasuruan, Indonesia. Land for landfills has a low level of stability due to the condition of garbage that has accumulated and undergoes a process of decay. This land condition is less favorable to support the construction of the building above it if one day the location is used for construction. Therefore, it is necessary to stabilize the soil first. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding a mixture of TPA soil with fly ash and Lapindo mud. The method used by sieve testing and compaction of the specimens for each treatment consisted of a mixture of TPA soil with fly ash and TPA soil with Lapindo mud, while the percentages of fly ash and Lapindo mud to the dry weight of the original soil were respectively 0 %, 10 %, 15 %, and 20 %. The results showed that stabilization of the landfill with fly ash reduced the silt content while stabilization with Lapindo mud increased the levels of silt in the landfill so that fly ash was better than Lapindo mud for stabilization of the landfill. The specific gravity values for both stabilization mixtures increased equally. Based on the results of the standard compaction test for the addition of a mixture of fly ash, the OMC value decreases and the greater the value of dmaxs indicates that fly ash is good for landfill stabilization, while the addition of a mixture of Lapindo mud increases the OMC the smaller the value of dmaxs. For the direct shear test of the two mixed soils, the value of the internal friction angle (Æ) increased. The percentage value of the optimum mixture of mixed soil+fly ash is 14 % with an internal shear angle (Æ) of 38°, while the stabilization of landfill with Lapindo mud obtained the optimum mixture percentage value of 11 % with an internal shear angle (Æ) of 31°
Estimating the influence of double-sided rounded screens on the acoustic field around a linear sound source
Authors: Didkovskyi Vitalii , Zaets Vitaly , Kotenko Svetlana , Denysenko Volodymyr , Didenko Yuriy
Published: July 2021

This paper reports a study into the acoustic field of transport flow around noise protection screens located on both sides of the sound source.
Most research on noise protection involving noise protection screens relates to the assessment of the effectiveness of screens located on one side of the noise source. The influence of the second screen on the effectiveness of the first one has been investigated only experimentally. Therefore, it is a relevant task to assess the mutual impact of the two screens between which the linear sound source is located.
A problem was stated in such a way that has made it possible to derive an analytical solution and find a sound field around a linear sound source. In this case, the sound source was limited on both sides by acoustically rigid screens with finite thickness. The screens' cross-sections were shaped as part of a ring with arbitrary angles and the same radius.
The problem was solved by the method of partial domains. This method has made it possible to obtain an infinite system of algebraic equations that were solved by the method of reduction. Such an approach to solving a problem allows a given solution to be applied for different cases of the mutual location of screens, source, and territory protected from noise.
The study results help estimate a field between the screens, the dependence of increasing sound pressure on the road on the geometric size of the screen and the width of the road. In addition, the solution resulted in the ability to assess the impact of one screen on the efficiency of another in the frequency range of up to 1,000 Hz. It has been shown that the mutual impact of screens could reduce the screen efficiency by 2 times.
The study reported here could make it possible to more accurately calculate the levels of the sound field from traffic flows when using noise protection screens, which is often performed in practice when designing new and reconstructing existing highways.
Development of a systematic approach and mathematical support for the evacuation process
Authors: Amirgaliyev Yedilkhan , Kalizhanova Aliya , Kozbakova Ainur , Aitkulov Zhalau , Astanayeva Aygerim
Published: July 2021

In modern conditions, due to the vastness of the territory of Kazakhstan, with a certain probability, natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, avalanches, as well as accidents, destruction of buildings, epidemics, release of chemical toxic substances at industrial enterprises, fires in educational and medical institutions are possible, which justifies the relevance of modern methods and technologies for solving the problem of evacuation.
The peculiarity of this work lies in the formation of an integrated approach for organizing the evacuation process both in peacetime as training for the event of an emergency situation (emergency), and in the event of the emergency itself. A conceptual diagram of an evacuation system is proposed that uses heterogeneous sources for receiving and transmitting information about the onset of an emergency. The input and output sources for receiving and transmitting information about the number of people in the building are determined. The main purpose of the system is to form an operational real-time evacuation plan.
This work is the result of a phased implementation of an integrated evacuation system, which consists in building a mathematical model and a method for solving the problem of maximum flow in the network. A mathematical model has been developed for the optimal flow distribution along the Grindshiels network with the analysis of the flow formation and the characteristics of people’s motion in enclosed spaces. A game-theoretic approach and mathematical methods of the theory of hydraulic networks for finding an equilibrium state in flow-distribution networks have been developed. An algorithm for solving the evacuation problem using the graph approach is proposed.
The results of this paper make it possible to systematically organize training evacuations, prepare resources, train the personnel responsible for evacuation in order to quickly respond in an emergency and carry out the evacuation process in order to avoid major consequences.
Development of a methodology for determining the critical limits of the critical control points of the production of bakery products in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Tungyshbayeva Ulbala , Mannino Saverio , Uazhanova Raushangul , Adilbekov Mamyrbek Alibekovich , Yakiyayeva Madina Asatullaevna , Kazhymurat Assemay
Published: July 2021

This study was conducted to determine the impact of the HACCP management system on the safety of final products in baked goods production. The object of the study is two critical control points of the production of bakery products, which in turn affect the indicator of microbiological quality and safety of finished products. Using a mathematical model, the critical limits of critical control points (CCP) were determined – in the baking and cooling processes of baked goods. For the two CCPs, measures for continuous monitoring have been defined and critical limits have been developed. For CCT 1, a theoretical calculation using a mathematical model is given: the critical limit of the baking process (95.2–99.1 °C in the center of the crumb), by controlling this process, the company controls the biohazard factor, for CCP 2 the critical limit of cooling the finished product to a temperature of 22.84 °C in the center of the crumb for safe packing. The presentation of the results of the development of critical control limits and critical points of the production of bakery products using the construction of mathematical modeling is the theoretical beginning of further research.
When compiling the model, the physical parameters of a specific dough with a certain geometric shape were used, from which the bakery product is baked. The use of a mathematical model allows predetermining the baking parameters for the dough of any initial concentration.
The results can be used in the production of baked goods to better ensure the quality and safety of the final product
Improving the navigational preparation of a bridge crew for entering/leaving a port, including activities in case of emergency
Authors: Maltsev Anatoliy , Surinov Ihor
Published: July 2021

Statistical analysis of the causes of ship accidents showed that 10 % of accidents are due to the influence of irresistible force, about 15 % are the result of technical imperfection and sudden failure of ship equipment, and the remaining 75 % account for the «human factor» regardless of the cause of the accident. A detailed analysis of the causes of accidents reveals that they are caused by the actions of individuals, dominated by organizational errors by a group of operators in the preparation and execution of the maneuvering control process. At the same time, there is a gap between the complexity of modern equipment and the psychological capabilities of the human operator as an element of the human-machine system.
Analysis of accidents in the Bugsky-Dnestrovsky Liman Canal over the past 20 years has shown that 58.5 % of accidents occurred in the dark and under conditions of limited visibility. There were two causes of accidents: grounding and allision, 84.3 %; collisions, 28.8 %. This indicates the insufficient preparation of bridge crews for navigating the canal.
This paper has considered a procedure of bridge crew navigation training for planning safe motion coordinates while entering/leaving a port along the trajectory points, as well as actions in case of a pre-emergency and techniques to predict it. The coordinates of the travel points are determined at the intersection of rectilinear segments of the recommended safe rectilinear path on a chart. It is a relevant task to use new methods of planning the path and controlling the movement along it, taking into consideration the area for maneuvering, maneuverable properties of the vessel, as well as external influences, for timely detecting the deviation of parameters from those planned. The calculation of the planned coordinates is performed for the center of gravity of the vessel for the characteristic points of the path of movement (the beginning and end of a turn, the onset of braking) and trajectory points (rectilinear segments of the path through 0.2 cables, and curvilinear sections through 10 degrees). Coordinates of the assigned path are represented in the form of the linear matrices of the path rectilinear and curvilinear sections. The navigational motion control system consists of the devices to automatically determine deviations from planned coordinates and decision support systems to correct deviations detected. The proposed method to plan and control motion was investigated by computer simulation, the test was carried out under natural settings. Their results showed that the calculated optimal assigned trajectory enables accident-free guidance of the center of gravity along the predefined path by ship’s control means and meets the established criteria of optimality. The proposed method could be used in the development of controls for automated vessels and is the only possible one for vessels with unattended operation
Development of smart grid technology to maintain the functioning of photoelectric charging stations
Authors: Chaikovskaya Eugene
Published: July 2021

An integrated Smart Grid system has been developed for matching the production and consumption of electric power based on a prediction of changes in the battery capacity. Advanced decisions on the change in power transmission capacity have made it possible to regulate voltage in the distribution system by maintaining the power factor of the photoelectric charging station. Voltages at the input to the hybrid inverter and in the distribution system were measured to assess their ratio. Comprehensive mathematical and logical modeling of the photoelectric charging station was performed based on the mathematical substantiation of architecture and operation maintenance. A dynamic subsystem including such components as mains, a photoelectric module, a hybrid inverter, batteries, a two-way counter Smart Meter and a charger formed the basis of the proposed technological system. Time constants and coefficients of mathematical models of dynamics in terms of estimation of changes in the battery capacity and power factor of the photoelectric charging station were determined. A functional estimate of changes in the battery capacity and power factor of the photoelectric charging station was obtained. Maintenance of voltage in the distribution system was realized based on resulting operation data to estimate a change in the battery capacity. Advanced decision-making has made it possible to raise the power factor of the photoelectric charging station up to 40 % due to matching the electric power production and consumption. Maintenance of operation of the photoelectric charging station using the developed Smart Grid technology has enabled prevention of peak loading of the power system due to a 20 % reduction of power consumption from the network.
Determining the efficiency and parameters of rubble strip reinforcement
Authors: Nehrii Serhii , Surzhenko Andrii , Nehrii Тetiana , Toporov Andrii , Fesenko Eduard , Pavlov Yevhen , Domnichev Mykola
Published: July 2021

The necessity of development and improvement of methods and means for the protection of preparatory roadways, in particular, protective structures, was proved on the basis of ordinary rock with binding surfaces. Analysis of the results of the study on the use of protective structures of ordinary rock and bounding surfaces was performed. It has shown the feasibility of reinforcing rock structures to ensure operational conditions for the protected roadways. Such structures include rubble strips reinforced with partitions made of metal mesh. To determine their efficiency and reinforcement parameters, studies were performed using provisions of structural mechanics, soil mechanics, and bulk media, as well as physical modeling using natural materials.
According to the results obtained in the performed studies, the efficiency of reinforcement of rubble strips with a metal grid was proved and a procedure for calculation of reinforcement parameters that need to be considered in designing the above structures was developed. Such parameters include width and height of the strip, class of reinforcement, its diameter and tensile strength, size of the grid cells, angle of internal friction of rocks, and diameter of maximum rock pieces in the strip.
It was established that reinforcement of the rubble strip by partitions made of metal meshes can reduce the width of the strip and volume of the rock fill by 1.33…2.66 times without losing the structure rigidity. To do this, the condition of reinforcement strength in grids must be met. It consists of comparing its tensile strength with maximum stresses in the partition. These stresses are determined by the magnitude of the load on the rubble strip from the roof rocks, the diameter of the reinforcement, and the maximum rock pieces, as well as relative extensional strain in reinforcement.
Building an analytical model of the gravitational grain movement in an open screw channel with variable inclination angles
Authors: Arendarenko Volodymyr , Antonets Anatoliі , Ivanov Oleg , Dudnikov Ihor , Samoylenko Tetiana
Published: July 2021

Existing technical means for loading silos with grain material do not fully meet the needs of production. The issue related to grain injury remains urgent, which predetermines the need to design a gravitational loader of another principle of operation with the appropriate theoretical justification for the movement of grain material in it. This paper has presented and substantiated the model of the gravitational movement of grain in the peripheral open screw channel with two variable angles of inclination. The model is based on the system of forces in the cylindrical coordinate system, acting on the volume of grain flow in the peripheral screw channel. The grain speed at the end of the braking section of the channel should be as low as possible but not less than the initial flow rate at the beginning of the acceleration section. The model takes into consideration this condition and ensures the optimal passage of grain along any part of the channel.
The reported model makes it possible to obtain the speed of grain movement at any time, takes into consideration the height of the bunker hole and the dependence between the angles of inclination of the spirals of acceleration and brake sections. A mathematical dependence is given for these angles that ensures the passage of grain without its discharge and, at the same time, prevents injury to the grain mass due to a controlled decrease in the resulting speed. A separate dependence is provided to find the time at which the grain increases its speed on the acceleration section, reaching the maximum value.
Based on the model, a peripheral open screw channel with two angles of inclination of spirals α and β has been proposed. For this channel, the relationships between its key parameters have been established, in particular, values have been substantiated for the recommended angles of 41°…45° for the acceleration section and 39°…35° for the brake section, respectively, as well as the hо/r ratio not less than 0.6...0.7.
Development of a method for improving stability method of applying digital watermarks to digital images
Authors: Makoveichuk Oleksandr , Ruban Igor , Bolohova Nataliia , Kovalenko Andriy , Martovytskyi Vitalii , Filimonchuk Tetiana
Published: July 2021

A technique for increasing the stability of methods for applying digital watermark into digital images is presented. A technique for increasing the stability of methods for applying digital watermarks into digital images, based on pseudo-holographic coding and additional filtering of a digital watermark, has been developed. The technique described in this work using pseudo-holographic coding of digital watermarks is effective for all types of attacks that were considered, except for image rotation. The paper presents a statistical indicator for assessing the stability of methods for applying digital watermarks. The indicator makes it possible to comprehensively assess the resistance of the method to a certain number of attacks. An experimental study was carried out according to the proposed method. This technique is most effective when part of the image is lost. When pre-filtering a digital watermark, the most effective is the third filtering method, which is averaging over a cell with subsequent binarization. The least efficient is the first method, which is binarization and finding the statistical mode over the cell. For an affine type attack, which is an image rotation, this technique is effective only when the rotation is compensated. To estimate the rotation angle, an affine transformation matrix is found, which is obtained from a consistent set of corresponding ORB-descriptors. Using this method allows to accurately extract a digital watermark for the entire range of angles. A comprehensive assessment of the methodology for increasing the stability of the method of applying a digital watermark based on Wavelet transforms has shown that this method is 20 % better at counteracting various types of attacks
Synthesis of a device for anti-jamming reception of signals of tonal rail circuits on the background of additive five-component interference
Authors: Panchenko Sergii , Ananieva Olha , Babaiev Mykhailo , Davidenko Mykhailo , Panchenko Vladyslav
Published: July 2021

An optimal receiving device for information signals of tonal rail circuits has been synthesized. The signals are observed against the background of an additive five-component interference. The first component of the interference is broadband Gaussian noise. The other four components of the interference are structurally determined: single impulse interference, interference from an adjacent tonal rail circuit, and multiharmonic interference from alternating traction current combined with the power line and from the locomotive traction converter. The presence of a complex of interference leads to errors in decision-making regarding the regulation of train traffic. This puts the participants in this movement before the danger of threatening emergencies. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and study means of noise-immune reception of information signals and the formation of dispatch decisions. The decision on the presence or absence of a signal is made by comparing two values of the mean square of the approximation error. This error is understood as the difference between the input voltage of the receiver and the sum of the signal with structurally determined interference. The first value of the error is calculated assuming the presence of a signal in a mixture with structurally determined noise. The second error value is calculated on the assumption that there is no signal in this mixture. The noise component is assumed to be present in both cases. The solution corresponds to a channel with a lower mean squared error. The block diagram of the device is presented. Analytically, it has been shown that the average value of the error in recognizing situations of presence or absence of a signal is two orders of magnitude less than the admissible value according to regulatory requirements. High noise immunity of the developed device will improve the safety of train traffic
Experimental substantiation of the composition of the gel base with hydrocortisone for use in veterinary medicine
Authors: Pul-Luzan Viktoriia , Rukhmakova Olga
Published: July 2021

As veterinary practice shows, most often atopic dermatitis in animals manifests itself in the form of a rash (in the ears, muzzle, paws, etc.), which in turn is accompanied by itching. First of all, prescribe a single injection of glucocorticoids, or short-term therapy. Corticosteroid hormones (glucocorticoids) are one of the most powerful antiallergic drugs. They are effective in treating almost all types of allergic reactions. An appropriate dose of glucocorticoids is required to obtain a rapid effect, and the form of the drug should be convenient to use.

The aim of the research. The aim of our study was experimentally substantiate the choice of the optimal gelling agent when developing a gel composition with hydrocortisone for use in veterinary medicine.

Materials and methods. Physical, physico-chemical and pharmaco-technological methods were used during the experimental study. Studies were performed according to the method described in the SPhU. The rheological properties of the samples were determined using a rotary viscometer type Brookfield HB DV (USA) with spindle SC4-21.

Results. As a result of the research, it was found that Aristoflex as a gelling agent in the development of a veterinary drug of local action will ensure the availability of appropriate extrusion properties (namely, easy and uniform application of animal skin, ease of use). Gels with hydrocortisone based on Aristoflex gave stable performance, which was confirmed by the results of mechanical and colloidal stability.

Conclusions. The composition and technology of a hydrocortisone gel for local therapy of atopic dermatitis in animals has been developed. Aristoflex at a concentration of 1.5 % on the basis of a set of physicochemical, structural-mechanical and biopharmaceutical studies was selected as the optimal gelling agent in the drug
Comparative analysis of indicators that determine the effectiveness of the implementation of socio-economic determinants of health in Europe and Ukraine
Authors: Kotvitska Alla , Volkova Alina , Korzh Iuliia , Surikova Iryna
Published: July 2021

The introduction of national strategies aimed at improving the well-being of the population of the country is one of the current approaches to reforming the public policies of the countries of the world. It is the socioeconomic determinants of health that determine the conditions in which people are born, grow, live and getting old, as well as the spheres of influence on these conditions, such as public policy, state of economic development, demographic trends, etc.

The aim. In this way, our research has focused on a comparative analysis of macroeconomic indicators that determine the effectiveness of socioeconomic determinants of healthсare in Europe and Ukraine, that are used to provide scientific justification for the construction of humanistic models for the provision of pharmaceutical care to the population in the context of the rapid stratification of Ukrainian society according to socioeconomic indicators.

Materials and methods. The research methodology is based on the principles of systems analysis and an interdisciplinary scientific and systemic approach. The study used the empirical method, the method of comparative analysis and synthesis of statistical data, the graphical method.

Results. A comparative analysis of the socioeconomic determinants of health in the countries of the European region and in Ukraine was carried out on three levels of indicators: the level of health-care expenditure, the structure of health-care expenditure and expenditure on medicines.

The analysis revealed that in 2019, the average health expenditure of the countries analyzed was 8.2 % of GDP. Only two of the 34 countries - Ukraine and Turkey - have a rate below the 5 % that recommended by WHO.

Public health financing schemes and compulsory health insurance are the main funding mechanisms in all countries, with the exception of Cyprus. Ukraine, Russia, Greece, Latvia and Bulgaria have the largest share of direct costs to patients as a source of health care financing.

The results of the analysis of the medicine expenditure indicator as a proportion of total health expenditure showed that the highest level was in Bulgaria (35.4 %), the lowest in Denmark (6.4 %). Overall, five countries have high levels of pharmaceutical expenditures.

In most European countries, the cost of purchasing medicines has been found to range from 346 to 619 USD per person per year. The highest value of this indicator from the European region is in Switzerland (894 USD per person), and the lowest is in Ukraine (73 USD).

Based on the results of the comparative analysis, the countries were grouped according to key indicators into three categories - high, medium and low.

Conclusions. A comparative analysis of key indicators of the socio-economic determinants of health in the country of the European region has been carried out
Prospects for application of phytopreparations in the complex treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Rybak Viktoria , Maloshtan Lyudmila , Korol Victoria
Published: July 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) occupies an important place in the structure of mortality, as well as among the causes of disability and deterioration in the quality of life of the population. In this regard, the study of phytopreparations is promising for practical medicine in order to identify new medicinal plants that actively affect metabolic processes to prevent complications of DM, and create new phytopreparations. That drugs could enhance the effect of sulfonamides and potentiate the effect of insulin, thereby reducing the dose of the latter, and it is important for long-term chronic diseases, such as DM.

The aim. To study the prospects for the use of phytopreparations in the complex treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Materials and methods. The analytical, logical, generalization methods were used in the work. The analytical method of the study involved deepening the search for phytopreparations and the prospects for their use in the complex treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and generalization of the data obtained. The logical method of exploratory research of promising phytopreparations was applied in a certain logical sequence, as a result of which the specificity, stage-by-stage and generalization of the relevance of the use of phytopreparations in the complex treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus was provided for scientific research. The generalizing research method was to determine and prove the characteristics of phytopreparations (analysis and synthesis) and their advantages over synthetic drugs.

Results and discussion. The main directions of herbal medicine for DM are associated with reproduction of the effects of insulin, normalization of glucose uptake, stimulation of regeneration of β-cells of the Langerhans islets, elimination of excess glucose from the body – phytopreparations with diuretic properties; elimination of hypoxia – phytopreparations-antihypoxants. In DM, herbal medicine will reduce the frequency of side effects in classical antidiabetic therapy. For any type of diabetes, herbal medicine is prescribed to patients as an improvement in the microcirculation of tissues, normalization of the functions of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, kidneys and eyes.

Conclusions. Despite a wide range of drugs used to correct the hemodynamic and metabolic manifestations of the insulin resistance syndrome, they do not fully meet the needs of practical medicine due to the presence of pronounced side effects. In addition, the pharmaceutical market of herbal medicines is very limited and represented mainly by species of medicinal plants, which have certain inconveniences in their use. All this indicates the relevance of the search, creation and introduction of effective and, at the same time, low-toxic drugs based on the medicinal plant raw material into medical practice for the pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes and its complications
Criminal procedural guarantees of the rights of persons in proceedings with mutual legal assistance and in the order of adoption
Authors: Pidgorodynska Anastasiia , Shirobokova Liliia
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the issues related to the implementation of criminal procedural guarantees in the provision / receipt of international legal assistance and adoption proceedings. Emphasis is placed on the fact that in the scientific doctrine there is no established definition of criminal procedural guarantees in the provision / receipt of international legal assistance and in the implementation of proceedings by the way of adoption. It is proposed to understand them as a set of legally established methods and means (general and special), which ensure the effective implementation of the tasks of criminal proceedings, as well as prevent violations of procedural rights of persons involved, as well as their fundamental rights, freedoms and legitimate interests. The position of scholars on the separation of the following constituent elements in the system of criminal procedural guarantees is supported: criminal procedural form; general principles of criminal proceedings; procedural status of a person; criminal procedural mechanism for exercising the rights of the subjects of the criminal proceedings related to the provision / receipt of international legal assistance and the transfer of proceedings from the competent authorities of a foreign state. The disclosure of the content of criminal procedural guarantees, which are implemented in the studied procedural forms of international cooperation in criminal proceedings is through the prism of these interconnected and interdependent elements
Improvement of mixing processes in diesel engines
Authors: Knaub Ludmila
Published: July 2021

The object of research is gas-dynamic vortex processes in heterogeneous polydisperse flows. One of the most problematic issues in engine building is the completeness of combustion and the rate of fuel burnout in the given coordinates on the allotted hourly interval in the combustion chamber. These indicators, in turn, determine stringent requirements for used fuels in terms of thermophysical parameters that affect sawing, evaporation and mixing with an oxidizer. In the course of the study, methods of mathematical modeling were used based on the theory of similarity. Methods have been developed for preparing a combustible mixture for detonation-free combustion of a cheap alternative fuel. A method for assessing the quality of spraying low cetane fuel is proposed. A mathematical model is obtained for calculating the change in the parameters of the quality of atomization and the differential characteristics of fuel injection. This is necessary for theoretical studies of gas-dynamic processes in additional power systems for diesel engines in an unsteady three-dimensional flow with variable parameters of a polydisperse flow of a combustible mixture. It has been proven that with a decrease in the camshaft rotational speed, the injection speed will be insufficient to achieve the required spray quality due to a decrease in the speed. This made it possible to redesign the additional system using a separate dual fuel supply. Research samples of an additional power supply system for the ЯМЗ–24 ОН diesel engine (Yaroslavl Motor Plant, Russia) have been developed. Comparative tests of the engine operation on stable gas condensate with the main fuel equipment and an additional system have been carried out. Oscillograms of the tests were obtained and analyzed.
The research results provided the basis for the use of low cetane cheap gas condensate in diesel engines. This will improve the economic, power and environmental performance of the engines. Compared to standard cetane fuels, the price of fuel will decrease by 40 %, engine power will increase by 20 %, and the environmental performance of exhaust gases will decrease by 10–30 %.
Determination of the comprehensive indicator of pastille with the use of multi-component fruit-berry paste
Authors: Kasabova Kateryna , Shmatchenko Nataliа , Zagorulko Aleksey , Zahorulko Andreii
Published: July 2021

The object of research in this work is the technology of pastille with the addition of multicomponent fruit and berry paste. Pastille are becoming more and more popular in the world for all segments of the population. Usually, the main ingredients for their manufacture are fruit raw materials, a structurant and egg white, therefore, the products contain practically no fat and have a low calorie content.
It is proposed to replace 75 % of traditional applesauce in the recipe with a multicomponent fruit and berry paste made from apples, cranberries, hawthorn. It was found that such a composition makes it possible to obtain products with an increased content of pectin substances, ascorbic acid, polyphenols, including anthocyanins, catechins and flavonols.
The work is aimed at studying the application of the principles of qualimetry to determine a complex indicator of the quality of pastille For this, the organoleptic and physicochemical indicators of the quality of the developed pastille were taken from previous studies and the chemical composition was determined and the content of biologically active substances was calculated relative to the average daily human need. The content of pectin substances in new products increases 1.7 times and satisfies the average daily human need by 18.2 %. The content of ascorbic acid is 4.2 times higher, which is 20.5 % of the average daily human need, and polyphenols 3.2 times higher – 579.0 %. The data obtained make it possible to consider the developed product functional.
The next step was to determine the complex indicator of products by the qualimetric method. For a more complete disclosure of product properties, a structure of pastille quality indicators has been developed – a «tree of properties». Thus, the comprehensive assessment of the quality of the control sample corresponds to the indicator «good» (0.66), while the integrated assessment of pastille with multicomponent paste corresponds to the indicator «very good» (0.98).
On the basis of organoleptic, physicochemical indicators and chemical composition of products, it was established that the indicator of a comprehensive assessment of the quality of a pastille with a multicomponent paste, taking into account all group indicators, is 48 % higher compared to the control.
Developing of the method for optimizing the performance of architecture-independent hardware platforms
Authors: Duda Liubomyr
Published: July 2021

The object of research is the Raspberry Pi single-board computer. The work examines the optimization of architecture-independent hardware platforms using its example. The research is based on an integrated scientific approach based on a system-analytical, structural-functional, empirical and typological approach. It is emphasized that the entire Raspberry Pi line uses APM-architecture processors. The genesis of Raspberry Pi is given, the parameters of the last build are determined. It is noted that the latest version is dated November 2020. It is equipped with wireless WiFi and Bluetooth modules (2×USB 3.0 and 1×USB 2.0 ports type A, 5.0, BLE), which expand the boundaries of mini-PC application in the field of Ethernet technologies and has a frequency of 1.8 GHz. The appearance of one of the popular Raspberry Pi B+boards has been formed, with the separation of the main blocks. The basic principles of improving the performance of the Raspberry Pi single board computer are determined, each of which is based on a specific mechanism. The first is the addition of ZRAM as a compressed random access memory block device. The principle of ZRAM operation is described, the mechanism for activating ZRAM on the Raspberry Pi is given. To improve the performance of the Raspberry Pi single board computer, the use of an NVMe disk is justified. It is emphasized that the NVMe disk is reliable and has a high data transfer rate. Connecting it to the Raspberry Pi single board computer is the optimal solution to improve performance. The tuning sequence is presented, the numerical result of the NVMe disk operation based on the Raspberry Pi single-board computer is proposed. It is proposed, as a principle to improve performance, the installation of an ICE Tower CPU based on Raspberry Pi. It is noted that the ICE Tower CPU is a cooling system that is designed to cool the Raspberry Pi. The principles of tuning ICE Tower CPU and the result of fluctuations in temperature components using the rpi-monitor are described. As part of the study, performance improvements were obtained from 26 % to 34 %, which is mainly in line with the expected theoretical improvement of 34 %.
Modeling of fatty acid composition of combined food products
Authors: Kopiiko Alina , Tkachenko Nataliіa , Mardar Maryna , Honcharov Denys
Published: July 2021

The object of research is the fatty acid composition of the milk-fat base for combined food products of a healthy diet. The biological effectiveness of fats is determined by the ratio of saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids, including the ratio of omega-3 PUFA: omega-6 PUFA. Not all foods have a balanced fatty acid composition, in particular, dairy products contain excessive amounts of SFAs, the excessive consumption of which leads to an increase in blood cholesterol levels, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. The amount of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, essential in nutrition, in milk fat (and, accordingly, in dairy products) is insufficient. Therefore, this study is aimed at developing the composition of the milk-fat base with a balanced fatty acid composition using natural vegetable oils.
The work substantiates the expediency of using vegetable oils, namely pumpkin seed as a source of monounsaturated fatty acids, rice bran oil as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, to optimize the ratio of SFA: MUFA: PUFA when combined with milk fat in multicomponent food products. The fatty acid composition of the milk-fat base has been optimized using a three-component mixture of fats – milk fat, pumpkin seed oil and refined rice bran oil. The ratio of fatty acids in the milk-fat base for the production of food products with a balanced fatty acid composition (SFA: MUFA: PUFA – 0.442: 0.403: 0.155) has been determined, which is achieved with the optimal ratio of milk fat: rice bran oil: pumpkin seed oil – 20.2: 70.5: 9.3. Recommendations are given on the use of the developed milk-fat base with a balanced fatty acid composition in the production of combined dairy-vegetable food products. Since today dairy products with a balanced fatty acid composition are presented in limited quantities in the global consumer market, the implementation of research will expand the niche of «healthy food». And correctly conducted marketing activities, which are proposed in this work, will allow to gain a foothold in the market of healthy food products with a balanced chemical composition and an affordable price.
Assessment of the impact of COVID-restrictions on the economy of Ukraine and the world
Authors: Voitko Serhii , Mazanko Tetiana
Published: July 2021

The object of research is the processes of reducing economic activity in Ukraine and the world during COVID-restrictions, reducing the amount of carbon dioxide emissions in 2020 compared to 2019 by country and in various sectors of the economy. The most topical researches and publications in which the given questions are covered are analyzed. Based on statistical data, the paper shows a slight decline in Ukraine's GDP in 2020. Based on the consideration of the negative impact of quarantine restrictions, it was noted that the type of economic activity (EA) such as passenger transport suffered the most. At the same time, as the production of foreign trade, the performance of retail trade and construction has improved its dynamics. Elsewhere in the world, there has also been a slight economic downturn, while China has been able to maintain a slight increase in GDP. For 2021, there is a positive outlook for economic growth. The introduction of lockdowns and quarantine restrictions has led to a simultaneous reduction in CO2 emissions worldwide and reduced the negative impact on the environment. Thanks to the data of carbon dioxide emissions monitoring, it is possible to see a significant reduction in emissions since the beginning of COVID-restrictions in 2020. At the end of the year, the level of emissions reached almost the same level as before the restrictions, but the total volume for the year decreased significantly. If to look at the sectors, the largest amount of carbon dioxide emissions decreased in the aviation sector. This also applies to the land transport sector. Peaks of falling CO2 emissions occur in April 2020. The study showed that the reduction in economic activity due to «lockdowns» and quarantine restrictions affected the fall in energy consumption, especially in the aviation and land transport sectors, and this, in turn, led to a reduction carbon dioxide. This duly explains the relationship between declining economic growth and reducing CO2 emissions.
The conducted research will be of interest to relevant ministries and departments in terms of their areas of responsibility, relevant organizations dealing with environmental and economic research, specialists who study and use in practice research on socio-economic problems of society.
Simulation analysis of transport energy efficiency of road trains and international motor transportations
Authors: Khabutdinov Ramazan , Kostiuk Tatiana
Published: July 2021

The object of the study is the production and technological processes of international road transport (PTP IRT) according to the innovative approach and the conceptual idea of technical and technological energy saving in motor transport. Predictive assumptions about the development of the object of study – the realization of the possibilities of operational-simulation and technical-evolutionary method of complex analysis of transport energy efficiency of road trains and production and technological processes of international road transport in the practice of international road transport.
In the course of the research the operational-simulation and technical-evolutionary method of complex analysis of transport energy efficiency of road trains and production-technological processes of international road transportations was considered. As an example, the influence of changes in such a design parameter of the road train as the gear ratio of the main transmission of the tractor on its transport energy efficiency, as well as fuel and energy consumption of the road train DAF FT95.360 (Netherlands) in the test trunk operation (at αg=0). It is established that when the value of the gear ratio of the main transmission (Uo) increases, the value of the energy efficiency indicator (Pe) varies from 0.55 to 0.58. The greatest value of energy efficiency is at Uo=2.846. It is determined that when the value of the gear ratio of the main transmission (Uo) increases, the value of the energy consumption indicator (Ac) increases, and the minimum value of 3.2 MJ acquires the value of the gear ratio of the main transmission – 2.846.It was found that when the value of the gear ratio of the main gear (Uo) increases the fuel consumption (Qc) increases and acquires a maximum value of 3496.84 g with the value of the gear ratio of the main gear – 4.39. The minimum value of fuel consumption of 1684.2 g is achieved when the value of the gear ratio of the main transmission 2.846.
The results of the study can be used to implement systemic and conceptual innovation management in the field of international road transport.