bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of WATERinMOTION (WiM) Aquatic Exercise on Weight Loss and Metabolic Profiles in Sedentary Obese Elderly Men
Authors: Rezaeipour Mohammadreza , Ivanovich Nychyporuk Vladimir
Published: November 2022

Background: The effect of water exercise on weight-loss parameters is still controversial. We aimed to explore the effect of WATERinMOTION (WiM) aquatic exercise on weight loss and metabolic profiles in sedentary obese elderly men. Methods: Sixty-one sedentary older men, who came to the Ukrainian Sports Medicine Center for a weight-loss consultation, voluntarily took part in this cross-sectional study (Kyiv, summer 2019). The participants were selected using convenient sampling and allocated randomly to two groups: WiM (n=31) or a control group (n=30). Meanwhile, the WiM group performed the WiM exercise plan with two weekly sessions of 55 minutes each. The control subjects did not participate in any physical exercise. They were asked to perform their routine activities during the study. This study lasted for one month. Anthropometric indices (height, weight, and waist circumference) and metabolic profile assessment (glycemia and lipid profiles) were obtained at baseline and after the study. Results: No significant differences were found in any of the analyzed parameters. Pre- and post-study comparison showed a significant reduction in weight (-1.8, P = 0.003) and mean BMI (-0.7, P = 0.004) in the WiM group. Furthermore, a significant difference was found only in weight after the study (P = 0.002). Conclusion: The WiM plan, without dietetic intervention, had a positive influence on weight, waist circumference, and metabolic profiles in sedentary obese elderly men.
Cardiac Tamponade in Patients with COVID-19 Infection; A Case Report
Authors: Jarineshin Hashem , Montazerghaem Hossein , Hatami Atena , Nabibidhendi Hamid
Published: November 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel pandemic that affects the cardiovascular system by various mechanisms. We report two cases of cardiac tamponade in patients with COVID-19, who underwent surgery and had different outcomes. Cardiac complications can occur in patients with COVID-19 that need special attention and may increase mortality and morbidity.
Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, Central Obesity, and Metabolic Syndrome in a South Coastal Region, Iran, the PERSIAN Bandare Kong Cohort Study: A Brief Report
Authors: Zoghi Ghazal , Kheirandish Masoumeh
Published: November 2022

Background: There has been no recent estimate of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in south of Iran. Our data are based on the results of the population-based Bandare Kong Cohort Study, as part of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN). Methods: In this cohort, 4063 people aged 35-70 years were recruited from Hormozgan province, South of Iran. Results: We found that the age-standardized prevalence (ASP) of metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), obesity, and central obesity in this population were 34.5%, 17.4%, 20.6%, 24.6%, and 44.4%, respectively. Conclusion: These results give a new insight into the prevalence of the NCDs in a sample population from south of Iran and provide the authorities with the necessary information to design guidelines for the control and prevention of these diseases.
Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy for the Treatment of Hyperhidrosis
Authors: Banihashemi Seyed Hesamaddin , Banihashemi Seyedeh Hanan , Foroutan Ali
Published: November 2022

Background: Although hyperhidrosis is regarded as a benign sympathetic disorder, it can have a significant psychosocial impact on affected individuals while markedly affecting their quality of life (QoL). Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effects of endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS) on the treatment of primary hyperhidrosis and patients’ QoL). Methods: This prospective interventional study included patients with primary hyperhidrosis referred to Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Bandar Abbas, Iran, for ETS during 2012-2019. General characteristics including age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) were recorded for all patients. All participants underwent ETS by a single experienced surgeon. Patients were evaluated twice; once before the procedure and once one month after the procedure. The sites of hyperhidrosis, Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS), and QoL were the evaluated variables. Patients’ satisfaction, compensatory hyperhidrosis, and procedural complications such as pneumothorax were also assessed on follow-up. Results: From the 47 patients evaluated in this study with a mean ± SD age of 28.2±1.21 years, 27 (57.4%) were men. No patient experienced compensatory hyperhidrosis and procedural complications after the procedure. Also, 45 (95.7%) patients were 100% satisfied and 2 (4.3%) were 90% satisfied with the procedure. There was a significant reduction in the number of hyperhidrosis sites and HDSS score after one month compared with baseline (P=0.006 and P<0.001, respectively). Moreover, the QoL significantly improved after the procedure (P<0.001). Conclusion: ETS appears to be very safe and effective for the treatment of primary hyperhidrosis in terms of the reduction of hyperhidrosis sites and HDSS score, as well as improving QoL and patient satisfaction.
Comparing Interleukin-6, C-Reactive Protein, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, and White Blood Cell Count for the Early Diagnosis of Acute Pyelonephritis in Children
Authors: Ghasemi Kambiz , Esteghamati Maryam , Ardalan Mohammad Afshin
Published: November 2022

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in children. Differentiating lower UTI from acute pyelonephritis (APN) is of great importance in children since early diagnosis and timely management can prevent kidney scarring and associated complications. Objectives: We aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and white blood cell (WBC) count with interleukin-6 (IL-6) for the diagnosis of APN in children. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 38 children with APN (based on clinical findings and positive urine culture) aged 1 month to 15 years admitted to Bandar Abbas Pediatric Hospital, Bandar Abbas, Iran, during 2019-2020. Serum CRP, WBC, IL-6, and WBC count were measured in all children. Age and sex of the participants were also recorded. Results: The mean ± SD age of the children was 65.82±46.67 months, of whom 23 (60.5%) were girls. The sensitivity of WBC, ESR, CRP, and IL-6 for the early diagnosis of APN was 39.5%, 71.1%, 60.5%, and 71.1%, respectively. Taking the results of ESR, CRP, and WBC into account as the basis of diagnosis, altogether 9.98 pg/mL was the best cut-off of serum IL-6 for the diagnosis of APN with 70%-80% sensitivity and 56.5%-73.7% specificity. A significant correlation was found between serum IL-6 and CRP, ESR, and WBC with the strongest correlation between IL-6 and CRP (r=0.451, P=0.004). Age and sex did not affect these correlations. The sensitivity of serum IL-6 at the 5 pg/mL cut-off for the diagnosis of APN was higher in boys and children younger than 6 years. Conclusion: IL-6 can diagnose APN in children aged 1 month to 15 years with 71.1% sensitivity. Its sensitivity is superior to CRP and WBC and comparable with ESR in this regard.
The Effect of Open Heart Surgery on FVC, FEV1 and FVC/FEV1 of Patients
Authors: Fayazi Nader , Montazerghaem Hossein , Boushehri Elham
Published: November 2022

Background: In Iran, 25000 open heart surgeries are performed annually, which are mainly dedicated to coronary artery bypass surgery. Pulmonary complications after open heart surgery impose a high socio-economic burden on the society because of the length of hospital stay and the use of mechanical means. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possibility of impaired forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and FVC/FEV1 indices before and after open heart surgery, which has been directly addressed in fewer studies. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all 125 candidates for open heart surgery who referred to Shahid Mohammadi Hospital of Bandar Abbas University of Medical Sciences during 2107-2018 were included. The patients were evaluated by spirometry three times. Before the operation, FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC were measured 3-10 days and 3-6 months after surgery. Then, the changes obtained from the evaluation were extracted three times before surgery, and 3-10 days and 3-6 months after surgery, using IBM SPSS, version 17, descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, percentage, etc.), and one-way and repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: FVC decreased by 0.6 in both patients with asthma and healthy ones. The mean FVC was also 0.4 in the diabetic group and 0.7 in the non-diabetic group. Mean FEV1 before surgery A, one week after surgery B and three to six months after surgery C in the two asthma and healthy groups showed a decrease of 1.2 and 1.3, respectively. Mean FEV1 before surgery A, one week after surgery B and three to six months after surgery C in smokers and non-smokers decreased by 0.9 and 1, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results of our study, there is no doubt about the development of pulmonary dysfunction after heart surgery. This disorder occurred in the present study independent from asthma, diabetes, and smoking.
Treatment of Infants Admitted With Acute Bronchiolitis and its Comparison with Modern Treatment Methods in the Only University Hospital in Rafsanjan
Authors: Kamiab Zahra , Masoodpoor Nahid , Hassani Kabotarkhani Zeinab
Published: November 2022

Background: Various treatment approaches are used in different centers to treat infant bronchiolitis, some of which are not indicated and are not based on strong scientific evidence. W aimed to evaluate the treatment of admitted infants with acute bronchiolitis in the only medical hospital in Rafsanjan and compare it with modern treatment methods. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 100 infants admitted to Ali-Ibn Abi Talib hospital in Rafsanjan, southern Iran. Demographic information and risk factors, including age, birth weight, history of exposure to cigarette smoke, and other factors affecting this disease, and all therapeutic measures were collected in a researcher-made checklist. The data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 20, and the treatment was compared to the latest clinical guidelines of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and England National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), and Cochrane meta-analyses. Results: 79%, 37%, 41%, and 3% of the children received antibiotics, corticosteroids, bronchodilators, and epinephrine, respectively. The most important risk factors were smoking in parents (91%), malnutrition (60%), low birth weight (71%), male sex (62%), and being born in autumn (60%). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, there is a large gap between treatment approaches and up-to-date and valid international guidelines. Therefore, compiling local treatment and care instructions for these patients to be used in medical centers would be useful.
Nasal Chondromesenchymal Hamartoma: An Adult Case Report
Authors: Askari Mehdi , Kadivar Maryam , Mohebbi Saleh , Zoghi Ghazal
Published: November 2022

Background: Nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma (NCMH) is a rare benign tumor almost always found in children. NCMH was first described by McDermott in 1998. To the best our knowledge, about 50 NCMH cases have been reported worldwide with very few adult cases and no long-term follow-ups. Case Presentation: Here, we report a 43-year-old woman who referred to the Otolaryngology Clinic of Payambar Azam Hospital, Bandar Abbas, Iran, in 2008, with a one-year history of progressive left-sided nasal obstruction that had not relieved with topical nasal decongestants and steroid sprays. A unilateral left-sided nasal soft-tissue mass was found upon examination. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were consistent with NCMH. Trans-nasal endoscopic excision showed good results and no sign of recurrence has been observed after 12 years of regular follow-up. Conclusion: Awareness of imaging and immunohistochemical characteristics of NCMH combined with the probability of presentation in the adult population are necessary for correct diagnosis and adequate therapy.
COVID-19 Inpatients in Sothern Iran: A Time Series Forecasting for 2020-2021
Authors: Soleimani Movahed Maryam , Khorrami Farid , Sheikhtaheri Abbas , Hasaniazad Mehdi , Gharibzadeh Abdollah , Kamali Mina , Alishan Karami Nader
Published: November 2022

Background: The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) turned into a global pandemic and has already plunged health systems all over the world into an unprecedented crisis. The start of the third wave in the fall of 2020 is likely to trigger a higher prevalence in the upcoming months. This article analyzed the inpatients’ time series data in Hormozgan province to forecast the trend of COVID-19 inpatients using time series modelling. Methods: To forecast COVID-19 inpatients in Hormozgan province (Iran), this time series study included data related to the daily new cases of 1) confirmed inpatients, 2) suspected inpatients, 3) deaths, 4) alive discharged patients, 5) admitted cases to intensive care units (ICUs), 6) ICU discharged cases, and 7) ICU inpatient service day were collected from 22 hospitals in the province from 20 February to 13 November 2020. Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMAX) and Prophet methods were applied for forecasting the trend of inpatient indicators to the end of the Iranian official calendar year. We used the Python programming language for data analysis. Results: Based on the findings of this study which proved the outperformance of Prophet to ARIMAX, it can be concluded that time series of suspected inpatients, confirmed inpatients, recovered cases, deaths, and ICU-inpatient service day followed a downward trend while ICU-admission and discharge time series are likely taking an upward trend in Hormozgan to the end of the current Iranian calendar year. Conclusion: Prophet outperformed ARIMAX for inpatient forecasting. By forecasting and taking appropriate prevention, diagnostic and treatment, educational, and supportive measures, healthcare policy makers could be able to control COVID-19 inpatient indicators.
Effect of Arginine Supplementation and High Intensity Training on Appetite Hormones and Body Composition of Obese Boys
Authors: Mabhut Moghadam Tohid , Fathi Mehrdad , Attarzadeh Hosseini Sayed Reza , Mosaferi Ziaaldini Mohammad , Rashidlamir Amir
Published: November 2022

Background: There is little information about the effects of high intensity aerobic exercise training (HIT) and L-arginine supplementation on appetite-regulating hormones among obese male adolescents. We aimed to determine the effect of eight weeks of HIT and L-arginine supplementation on appetite-regulating hormones and body composition indices in obese adolescent boys. Methods: Twenty obese adolescents were randomly divided into two groups of HIT and placebo (P-HIT, n=10) and HIT with supplementation of L-arginine (A-HIT, n=10). The HIT protocol was treadmill running with ventilation threshold (VT) intensity and training sessions were isoenergetic and energy consumption were set to 350 kcal per session for each participant, which were evaluated indirectly by calorimetry. The A-HIT group received 3 g of L-arginine per day for 8 weeks. Before the interventions and 48 hours after the last exercise session, anthropometric indices and levels of appetite-regulating hormones were measured. Results: There was no significant changes between the groups with respect to leptin, agouti, and PYY3-36 peptide levels. There were significant changes in weight reduction between the groups (P≤0.05). However, body max index (BMI) and percent body fat (PBF) changes were not significant in between groups (P≥0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that co-supplementation of L-arginine with HIT training had no further effects on appetite regulatory hormones and body composition of obese male adolescents.
A Pregnant Woman With COVID-19, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, and Pancreatitis
Authors: Kheirandish Masoumeh , Yousefzade Feysal , Seddighi Kimia , Khademi Bafrouie Mojtaba , Rahimi Arash
Published: November 2022

The novel coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic viral disease officially named by World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. It is mainly a respiratory disease but can involve other organs. Extrapulmonary presentations are broad and not well recognized. COVID-19 may trigger diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in a patient with adequately controlled diabetes. Pregnancy is an incomplete immune suppression status, making women more susceptible to infections, and the disease-related morbidity is higher during pregnancy. Herein, we present the case of a 23-year-old diabetic pregnant woman at 28 weeks gestation with acute pancreatitis, DKA, hypertriglyceridemia, with confirmed COVID-19 infection using polymerase change reaction (PCR). She underwent antiviral therapy, adequate intravenous hydration, insulin infusion, and plasmapheresis in the intensive care unit (ICU). Her condition ultimately improved. COVID-19 with simultaneous pregnancy and diabetes mellitus increases the risk of metabolic disorders. Therefore, rapid diagnosis and adequate management would be considered.
The Impact of Resistance Training With Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Antioxidant Value of Nuclear Factor-Erythroid-2-Related Factor 2 in Young Male Rats
Authors: Shafahi Mohammad Javad , Salesi Mohsen , Rezaei Rasoul , Daryanoosh Farhad
Published: November 2022

Background: Nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an inducible transcription factor that improves redox balance through stimulating antioxidant gene expression. Objectives: Studies have shown that Nrf2 can be modulated by physical exercise. However, the impact of resistance training and coenzyme Q10 supplementation has never been investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two months of resistance exercise and coenzyme Q10 supplementation on the expression of Nrf2 and NAD(P)quinone acceptor oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in young male rats. Methods: In this semi-experimental study, a total of 36 male and young Sprague Dawley rats (age: 8 weeks) were randomly assigned into six groups as follows: resistance training (RT), training and supplementation of 200 mg/kg of rat weight (RT + Q200), training and supplementation and 300 mg/kg (RT + Q300), supplementary group with the value of 200 mg/kg (Q200), supplementary group with the value of 300 mg/ kg (Q300), and control. The resistance training protocol consisted of three set of five repetitions of trained rats climbing a vertical ladder with an extra load attached to the tail, representing 30–100% of total body mass three times per week for eight weeks. The proteins levels of Nrf2 and NQO1 were measured by Western blotting technique. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and in case of statistically significant difference, Tukey’s post-hoc test were used to determine the difference between groups. Results: The results showed that the expression of Nrf2 and NQO1 levels changed in the groups after the end of the period. While the expression of Nrf2 and NQO1 significantly increased in the RT and RT + Q200 groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of present study showed that resistance training provides a beneficial adaptation to Nrf2 and NQO1 activity, which can be further enhanced by Q10 supplementation with antioxidant effects.
The Psychological Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in the Iranian Population: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Golzarfeshalami Mohammad Reza , Mahmoodi Masoumeh , Davari Dolatabadi Nasrin
Published: November 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was first detected in China in 2019 and it has become a global threat affecting many countries. This study aimed to investigate the psychological impacts of COVID-19 pandemic, including anxiety, depression, and stress in the Iranian population. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, an online survey was designed using the simple random sampling technique. A total of 1091 online surveys were completed during 10-18 May, 2020. The collected data included demographics, physical symptoms, history of COVID-19, information and attitudes toward COVID-19, as well as precautions and protection measures against the disease. Psychological impacts were evaluated using the Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES-R), and mental health status by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Linear regression was used to analyze the associations. Results: According to the results, 47.7% of the respondents demonstrated moderate to severe psychological impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, of whom 28.3%, 24%, and 22.3% suffered from moderate to severe depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, respectively. Also, female gender, decrease or cessation of income, and having chronic diseases were associated with more psychological impacts and higher scores of DASS-21 subscales. Conclusion: Approximately, a quarter of the participants reported moderate to high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression, and half of the participants indicated moderate to severe psychological impacts. In this study, we successfully identified the vulnerable individuals to determine appropriate interventions and control the psychological consequences.
A Model of Satisfaction Promotion for Students of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences in Iran
Authors: Soltani Nahid , Jafari Parivash , Bagheri Mehdi , Gholi Ghorchian Nader
Published: November 2022

Background: Universities of medical sciences, as organizations that ensure the progress of society in the fields of health, treatment, and medical education, have been considered in many ways. The first important goal in these universities is student satisfaction and promotion strategies. Therefore, in this study we presented a model of satisfaction promotion among the students of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Methods: The population of this applied quantitative research included students of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. A total of 380 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. The data collection tool included a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. Decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method, importance-performance analysis (IPA), as well as MATLAB and Excel software were used for quantitative data analysis. Results: The results of IPA showed that the research dimension was of great importance for students and the performance of the university was appropriate in this dimension. Welfare and management dimensions were of little importance, but the performance of the university was high in these dimensions. The administrative component of this dimension was not very important and the university’s performance was not good in it. The support services dimension was very important for students’ satisfaction but the performance of the university was at a low level. As a result, support services had the highest priority for improvement and the welfare, managerial, educational, research and administrative dimensions were in the next ranks for improvement, respectively. The results of causal relationships between dimensions showed that the managerial dimension had the most interaction (impact and effectiveness), followed by research, welfare, education, supportive, and administrative dimensions. The management dimension was the most effective one. According to R-J values, educational and research dimensions were the most effective dimensions, respectively. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that university policy-makers and administrators need to recognize the basic needs of students in various fields such as education, research, welfare, etc. before taking policy actions, decision-making, and future orientations.
Evaluation of the Knowledge and Performance of Nurses in Dealing with COVID-19 Disease: A Cross-sectional Study in Southern Iran
Authors: Heshmati Hossein , Pormehr-Yabandeh Asiyeh , Yousefi Pooneh , Beigi-Broujeni Razieh , Rafat Shide , Timnak Fahimeh
Published: November 2022

Background: The prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is on the rise worldwide. Since nurses are in close contact with infected people, they are a component of the infection transmission chain. Therefore, their knowledge and performance regarding COVID-19 prevention and protection methods can help break the transmission chain. This study aimed to evaluate the self-care level of nurses in charge of caring for patients with COVID-19. Methods: The study population in this descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study included all nursing staff working in the hospitals affiliated with the Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. A sample size of 110 nurses was determined adopting the convenience sampling. Data were collected using demographic information as well as questionnaires developed by the researchers to measure the knowledge and performance of the nurses responsible for dealing with COVID-19 patients. Results: A total of 158 nurses with a mean age of 33.77±6.92 years participated in the present study, 85.4% of who were female. Half of the participants (51.3%) showed generally good and excellent levels of self-care. Average scores of the knowledge and performance of nurses increased significantly with an increase in age and work experience (P<0.05). Moreover, the knowledge scores of nurses working in internal wards and intensive care unit (ICU) as well as the performance scores of nurses working in internal wards were lower than those of nurses working in COVID-19 wards. Conclusion: It was found that nurses had relatively good knowledge and performance in dealing with COVID-19 patients. However, various factors such as work experience, age, place of work, etc. may have affected the knowledge and performance of nurses. Therefore, it was recommended that the training of medical staff should be organized so that the efforts to control the epidemic were not negatively affected by unintentional errors but were positively directed towards controlling the disease.
The Effect of Short-term Beta-hydroxy Beta-methylbutyrate Supplementation on Serum Immunoglobulin A and G Levels in Male Wrestlers Following an Exhaustive Exercise: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Madelat Mona , Sadeghi Abbas , Hematti Afif Ali
Published: November 2022

Background: Exercise training has been shown to induce transient changes in immunity responses. Researchers have reported conflicting results about the effect of vigorous exercise training on immunoglobulins levels. Due to the lack of consistent existing findings as well as the lack of sufficient studies to clarify some of the ambiguities associated with scientific inconsistencies, this study aimed to examine the effect of short-term beta-hydroxy-beta-methyl butyrate (HMB) supplementation on serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in male wrestlers after an exhaustive exercise. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial conducted at the IKIU Sports Physiology Laboratory in Qazvin, Iran, January 2019, 16 wrestlers completed an informed consent form and, then, were randomly divided into two groups (i.e., the supplement group (n=8) and the control group (n=8)). The supplement group received daily 40 mg/kg body weight HMB supplement over two weeks (about 3 g/day). As for the control group, starch was used as a placebo. Blood samples were obtained from the subjects to measure the serum immunoglobulin in five phases, including the pre-supplementation, before, immediately after, 1 hour after, and 24 hours after the exercise protocol. "Bruce test until exhaustion" was adopted as the exercise protocol in this study. Data analysis was performed by using repeated measure analysis and SPSS 24 software. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the groups regarding the effects of supplementation of HMB on IgG (P=0.75) and IgA (P=0.56) levels. However, significant changes were observed in the levels of IgA (P=0.049) and IgG (P=0.001) in the groups. Conclusion: According to the study results, It was suggested that the use of HMB supplementation at the dose used in this study may not have significantly affected the IgG and IgA levels after an exhaustive activity. However, it was recommended that further studies be carried out in this area to produce more consistent findings and clarify the ambiguities about the given issue.
Randomized Clinical Trial Effect of Sesame and Training on Heat Shock Protein 70 Gene Expression and Light Chain 3-I Proteins of Inactive Middle-Aged Men
Authors: Nameni Farah
Published: November 2022

Background: Clinical studies have indicated that exercise activity and supplementation may have different effects on the immune system and health. The present study aimed to determine the effect of sesame and interval training on heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene expression and light chain 3-I (LC3-I) proteins among inactive, middle-aged men. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial and quasi-experimental study which was conducted in fall, 2019, 60 middle-aged inactive men who had the habit of going to the parks in Karaj, Iran were selected as the study’s statistical subject and, then, were randomly divided into four groups (i.e., sesame supplement, interval training, sesame supplement+interval training, control). Sesame, and sesame supplement+interval training groups received sesame. The training protocol lasted for 12 weeks. HSP70 gene expression and LC3-I were measured before and after study using the enzymatic method. As for the homogeneity of variances, the Levene’s test and the Shapiro–Wilk test were used to investigate the natural distribution. Analysis of variance was used to investigate differences in four groups. Results: Significant differences were found regarding LC3-I (P<0.001) and HSP70 (P<0.001). According to the results of the Tukey post hoc test, there was a significant difference between the training+sesame group and controls (P≤0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that high interval intensity training with sesame reduced HSP70 gene expression and LC3-I. The novelty of this study lay in the fact that it found consuming supplementation and training capable of synergistically reducing chaperone protein and autophagy indicator.
Comparison of the Effects of Sodium Valproate and Carbamazepine on Renal Function in Children With Epilepsy
Authors: Esteghamati Maryam , Moayedi Alireza , Hoseinzadeh Ehsan , Zoghi Ghazal
Published: November 2022

Background: Renal disorders have been observed with the long-term treatment of some antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). We aimed to compare the effects of carbamazepine (CBZ) and valproate (VPA) on renal function in children with epilepsy. Methods: This quasi-experimental study included children with epilepsy aged 2 months to 14 years who had persistently been receiving CBZ or VLP monotherapy for more than 6 months and were referred to Bandar Abbas Children’s Hospital, Bandar Abbas, Iran, 2019-2020. Demographic features, including age and sex, as well as family history of epilepsy, disease duration, and duration of treatment were recorded for each patient. Random blood and urine samples, along with 24-hour urine samples were collected from all the participants. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), sodium, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and pH were measured in blood samples. Glucose, protein, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and creatinine were estimated in 24-hour urine samples. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and pH were assessed in random urine samples. Results: Of the 80 children in this study with a mean age of 7.43±3.22 years, 58 (72.5%) were males. Children in both groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, family history of epilepsy, and disease and treatment duration. The urine NAG level was significantly higher in the VPA group compared to the CBZ group (P=0.010). Further, 24-hour urine protein and glucose levels were significantly higher in the VPA group. As for blood parameters, except for sodium (P=0.034), ALP (P<0.001), and pH (P=0.006) which were significantly higher in the CBZ group, other parameters were significantly higher in the VPA group. Conclusion: Overall, CBZ appears to be safer than VPA regarding its effects on renal function in children treated for epilepsy.
The Efficacy of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction on Health Control and Self-care in Women With Hypertension: A Randomized-controlled Trial
Authors: Ashrafi Maedeh , Jomehri Farhad , Niknam Mojgan , Rafieipour Amin
Published: November 2022

Background: It is necessary to help people with hypertension solve the related problems by identifying factors affecting their health control and self-care, which can be improved using different approaches. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) therapy in improving health control and self-care in women with hypertension. Methods: The statistical population of this randomized controlled trial study included all women with hypertension referred to the Farshchian Specialized Cardiovascular Clinic (Hamadan, Iran) in 2019. The sample size consisted of 30 subjects who were selected by the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups each containing 15 subjects. The MBSR group was trained in eight 90-minute sessions, while the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed using repeated-measure analysis of variance by SPSS 22. Results: The results revealed that MBSR significantly affected health control (P<0.001) and self-care (P<0.001) in women with hypertension. Conclusion: Overall, MBSR could effectively improve health control and self-care in women with hypertension, thus it may be used for decreasing psychological problems in this group of women.
Management of Patients With Drug Packet Ingestion (Body Packers): A Narrative Review
Authors: Sayadinia Mehrdad , Nateghi Bahram , Sayadinia Mahan
Published: November 2022

Context: Due to the increased freight traffic and illicit movement of drug packages disguised inside the body, as well as the shortage of adequate surgical textbook references regarding the management, we aimed to utilize our clinical experience and collect relevant content to present a plausible solution. Evidence Acquisition: The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched for related articles. Results: Of the overall 294 retrieved articles, 37 articles remained for review after the exclusion of duplicates and unrelated papers. Imaging is beneficial in several cases of body packing. Abdominopelvic computed tomography without contrast, which is likely the best diagnostic tool for identifying the existence and quantity of packets in these patents, can help doctors avoid common diagnostic mistakes. Whether it be opioids, cocaine, or amphetamines, each drug class should have a customized course of action. Conclusion: Although conservative treatment is often employed for these individuals, early surgical intervention for packet removal is advised in the cases of ingesting cocaine and amphetamine packets due to the lack of an appropriate antagonist.
The Oxidative and Cytotoxic Effects of Resveratrol Compared With Cisplatin in the LNCap Prostate Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Kojoeiyan Jafari Nasim , Vazini Hossein , Goodarzi Mohammad Taghi
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Prostate cancer is one of the most common diseases worldwide, and many efforts are made to treat this disease; however, these efforts seem to be futile. Accordingly, this study tends to compare the cytotoxic and oxidative (as shown by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)) effects of resveratrol in comparison with cisplatin in a prostate cancer cell line (LNCap). Methods: After treatment of LNCap cells with the concentrations of 1, 10, 100, 500, and 1000 µg/mL of resveratrol, and 1, 5, 10, and 50 µg/mL of cisplatin, the viability percentage of cells was analyzed using MTT and spectrophotometry. Also, ROS production in this cell line at the IC50 concentrations of cisplatin and resveratrol was analyzed using flow cytometry. Results: The results of the MTT test showed that cisplatin and resveratrol could both reduce cell viability at high concentrations because of increased cytotoxicity. Measurement of ROS production showed that cisplatin and resveratrol increased ROS levels compared to control cells.Conclusion: The results obtained from this study showed that resveratrol, as a plant derivative, had anticancer and antioxidant properties against the LNCap prostate cancer cell line. Because of the side effects of cisplatin, it can be replaced by resveratrol as a good candidate to be used in chemotherapy.
Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase blaCTXM, blaSHV and blaTEM Genes in Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Clinical Samples of Patients With Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Saeid Mozhgan , Yazdanpour Zahra , Khademi Farzad , Vaez Hamid
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most prevalent infections in patients worldwide. Escherichia coli is considered as the most prevalent etiological agent of UTIs. The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates is a health care concern worldwide. The aims of this study was to determine antibiotic resistance profiles and the prevalence of the blaCTXM, blaSHV, and blaTEM genes in E. coli isolated from clinical samples obtained from patients with UTIs. Methods: From September 2019 to March 2021, a total of 1200 urine samples were collected and analyzed from patients suspected of having UTI referred to Amir-Al-Momenin hospital of Zabol, Sistan and Baluchistan province, south-east of Iran. Antibiotic resistance patterns and the prevalence of the blaCTXM, blaSHV and blaTEM genes were determined using the disk diffusion method and PCR, respectively. Results: The isolates were mostly resistance against ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, with 66% and 54% of all isolates being resistant. Also, the isolates investigated were highly susceptible against meropenem and gentamycin (95%). The prevalence of the blaCTX, blaSHV, and blaTEM genes was 22%, 30%, and 24%, respectively. Conclusion: Resistance against ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was high, therefore their prescription must be restricted. In addition, the expressions of the blaCTXM, blaSHV, and blaTEM genes were alarmingly high. In order to control the spread of infections by these isolates, constant monitoring of antibiotic resistance patterns is necessary.
Can High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy Improve Respiratory Status in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19?
Authors: Mirenayat Maryam Sadat , Khaki Tahereh , Zahiri Reyhaneh , Norouz Afjeh Mahsan , Lotfalipour Mitra , Fakharian Atefeh
Published: November 2022

Introduction: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is an oxygen delivery procedure for patients with respiratory disorders. The role of this oxygen therapy system in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 has not been conclusively proven. The present study evaluated the efficacy and success of HFNC in improving the clinical condition of patients with COVID-19.Methods: The statistical population of this cross-sectional study was hypoxemic patients with the COVID-19 disease. The findings of the study were obtained by reviewing patients’ records and extracting information from the hospital information system.Results: A total of 29 patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 were analyzed. Comparison of the results of blood gas analysis of these patients showed that the use of HFNC did not make a significant difference in pH (P = 0.063), PaCO2 (P = 0.135), O2sat (P = 0.999), and HCO3 (P = 0.717).Conclusion: Our study showed that the use of HFNC did not make a significant difference in respiratory parameters and the results of blood gas analysis in patients with COVID-19.
Components of Compassionate Care in Nurses Working in the Cardiac Wards: A Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Babaei Sima , Taleghani Fariba , Farzi Sedigheh
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Compassion is the essence and the core of nursing care. Nurse’s affectionate and emotional work leads to many caring behaviours that are considered to be the basis of caring with kindness. The purpose of this study was to describe the components of compassion care in nurses working in the cardiac ward. Methods: This descriptive qualitative study was conducted in the medical and surgical cardiac wards of the selected hospital affiliation to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2020- 2021. The participants were 36 nurses, 20 patients and 8 family members that selected using purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted through, in-depth semi-structured interviews; focus group discussions, and the field notes. Data analysis was carried out using the qualitative content analysis approach proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. Results: The results of this study are presented in one main category, four sub categories including "using verbal and non-verbal language to express feelings", "doing empathy activities", "organizing patient-centered care", and "adhering to the cultural context", and twelve sub- sub categories. Conclusion: The patient-centered emotional discourse is the main issue in shaping the compassion care in nurses. Nursing managers can have a significant role in achieving care with affection by preparing appropriate work environment, paying attention to lack of nursing staff, ensuring the principles defined in compassion care, and supporting nursing staff. Teaching the concept of compassion, patient-centered care in the clinical setting are among the most important issues that should be considered.
Explaining the Process of Spiritual Adjustment in Parents of a Child with Cancer: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Salawati Ghasemi Shahnaz , Bagheri-Saveh Mohammad Iraj , Shali Mahboubeh , Zakariaee Soma , Sheikh Zakaryaee Neda
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Having a child with cancer impacts the family members and reduces their quality of life. Considering the fact that spirituality creates tranquility, hope for the future, and acceptance of the disease, this study aimed to explain the process of spiritual care in parents of a child with cancer. Methods: This study was carried out using a qualitative method and grounded theory approach. The setting of this research was oncology and radiotherapy wards, governmental oncology clinics and pediatric hospitals. Using purposive and theoretical sampling method, 22 participants (eight mothers, three fathers with childhood cancer experience and 11 individuals working in oncology departments of different Iranian pediatric hospitals) were selected and individual and semi-structured interviews were conducted. Results: The data analysis led to the creation of a core variable of "bridge towards spirituality" which included five main categories of "unstable situation", "spirituality," "crossing rocky path", "multi-dimensional support", and "rethink". Conclusion: Due to the significant impacts of a child’s cancer on parents and the fact that people’s spiritual needs increase in critical and stressful situations, paying attention to the spirituality process is essential for managing the conditions created by the child’s disease and help parents through developing a comprehensive program of spiritual care in health care centers. Spiritual care is currently absent in the health care system of Iran, which necessitates attention to this issue in the parents of children with cancer.
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; An under-diagnosed and rare complication of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors
Authors: Hekmat Hamidreza , Vahabi Zahra , Shojaeifard Maryam , Mirzadeh Fatemeh Sadat
Published: November 2022

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors play a key role in the treatment of patients who have acute coronary syndromes and undergone percutaneous coronary intervention. However, its serious complication is diffused alveolar hemorrhage. A 73-year-old diabetic woman presented with chest pain and dynamic ST elevation in ECG and positive troponin. She had occlusion in two coronary arteries and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. The eptifibatide was administered. After hours, she showed respiratory symptoms, as well as drop of blood pressure and hemoglobin. All differential diagnoses suggested for her clinical presentation were evaluated, and finally, on the sixth day diffuse alveolar hemorrhage was diagnosed. Although respiratory symptoms such as hemoptysis and dyspnea may occur as complications of pulmonary edema and/or pneumonia, assumed clinical suspicion for pulmonary hemorrhage leading to early detection of it. Moreover, there is no definitive guideline for decreased bleeding complications and treatment of alveolar hemorrhage caused by glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors.
Combination of polyglycerol sebacate coated with collagen for vascular engineering
Authors: Nazary Abrbekoh Fateme , Valizadeh Nasrin , Hassani Ayla , Ghale Hakime , Mahboob Soltan Ali , Rahbarghazi Reza , Khoshfetrat Ali Baradar , Madipour Mahdi
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Here, we monitored the cytocompatibility of scaffolds consisting of poly (glycerol sebacate) (PGS) coated with collagen (Col) for endothelial cell activity after 72 hours. Methods: Human endothelial cells were allocated into Control, PGS, and PGS+Col groups. Scaffolds were characterized using FTIR and HNMR spectroscopy. Contact angel analysis and SEM were used to study wettability, surface morphology, and cell attachment. Cell survival was assessed using LDH leakage assay. Levels of Tie-1, Tie-2, VE-Cadherin, and VEGFR-2 were measured using western blotting and real-time PCR. Results: FTIR and HNMR analyses revealed the proper blending in PGS+Col group. SEM imaging exhibited a flat surface in the PGS group while thin Col fibers were detected in PGS+Col surface. The addition of Col to the PGS reduced the contract angle values from 97.3˚ to 81.1˚. Compared to PGS substrate alone, in PGS+Col group, cells appropriately attached to the surface. PGS and PGS+Col did not alter the leakage of LDH to the supernatant compared to control cells, showing the cytocopatiblity of PGS-based scaffolds. SOD and NO levels were increased significantly in PGS (p<0.05) and PGS+Col groups (p<0.001), respectively. We found that PGS+Col decreased Tie-1 content in endothelial cells whereas protein levels of Tie-2 and VE-Cadherin and expression of VEGFR-2 remained unchanged compared to PGS and control groups. Conclusion: Simultaneous application of Col and PGS can stimulate normal endothleial cell morphology without the alteration of tyrosine kinases receptors and cadherin.