bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Employer Branding in the Digital Era
Authors: Kuşçu Aslı
Published: October 2019

Organizations are embracing employer branding now more than ever as a tool to retain, motivate, and attract a valuable competitive asset, namely talented employees, as they play a vital role in organizational success. Recently, new digital technologies, particularly social media, have replaced the traditional communication channels and made it harder for companies to achieve their employer-branding objectives. Most organizations are now employing digital technologies at a great extent to get in touch with all their key stakeholders. This chapter initially provides an overview of research on employer branding and its longterm strategic benefits to organizations. The author discusses the use of digital technologies, particularly social media, for employer branding. A framework is introduced covering all the topics mentioned and providing insights to organizations on how and in what form employer brand value should be communicated within the digital media.
A Relationship Marketing Strategy in Brand Communication
Authors: Özsaçmacı Bülent , Dursun Tolga
Published: October 2019

Influencer marketing increases brand awareness by generating appropriate content to attract the attention of consumers in a virtual environment in accordance with the brand texture. This chapter explores research to determine importance of influencer marketing in the brand communication area, which is based on relationship marketing. Authors mainly focus on influencer marketing and its connection with relationship marketing. They describe the constituent parts of the topics and illustrate them with the case studies and statistical facts. The authors strongly claim influencer marketing shares similar variables with relationship marketing and their basic keywords are related.
Cyberbullying in Adolescence
Authors: Pittaro Michael
Published: October 2019

The advent of the internet has revolutionized the way individuals conduct business, socialize, and search for information on any topic imaginable at any time. Nevertheless, with all its benefits, the internet also has a darker side for which new criminal opportunities have emerged and some traditional crimes have evolved and multiplied. One area of concern that has emerged since the advent of the internet is that of cyberbullying, a distinct type of deviant behavior that has attained worldwide attention from practitioners and scholars. This chapter examines cyberbullying as associated with the age, gender, race, and urbanicity of the victims versus the extent to which traditional face-to-face bullying took place within these same groups. Cyberbullying remains an elusive social problem for all because cyberbullying has been associated with school shootings, suicides, and other violence among adolescents. Discussion of the implications for practitioners and scholars will be included in that cyberbullying extends beyond the school grounds and well within the realm of public safety.
Nursing Education in the Era of Virtual Reality
Authors: Yilmaz Derya Uzelli , Tuncalı Sevil Hamarat , Yilmaz Yusuf
Published: October 2019

Today's new technologies have impacted many different areas of education, with nursing education one such area. Nursing education, as a learning process, targets the combination of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor learning domains. However, traditional teaching methods may not meet all of the Y and Z generations' learning needs. Today's learners are accustomed to multimedia learning environments and have come to expect a certain level of technology integrated into their curricula. Virtual Reality (VR) technology enables students to become immersed within a 360-degree view experience of scenes that have been completely digitally created, whilst no longer viewing the real world around them. Virtual simulation has been used to teach communication, disaster relief, teamwork, and interviewing techniques, among other skills; and can also provide immersive personalized learning experiences. This chapter presents some of the many facets of VR in today's nursing education.
Challenges of Mobile Augmented Reality in Museums and Art Galleries for Visitors Suffering From Vision, Speech, and Learning Disabilities
Authors: Kunjir Ajinkya Rajendrakumar , Patil Krutika Ravindra
Published: October 2019

In Today's digital world, AR is a tech which imposes layers of virtual segments on the real world. Research Practitioners and Designers in all applications seem to be more concerned about the learning facilities than keeping the visitors engaged in public art exhibitions, Museums, and holiday tourist locations. These ignored circumstances have provoked studies to emphasize more on the usability of Mobile Augmented Reality (M.A.R.) at Art galleries and Museums. According to the recent surveys, the current M.A.R. applications at target locations focus on healthy people without any disabilities, and not on those with disabilities. This chapter recommends major design elements of M.A.R. at museums and art galleries, and highlights all the challenges faced by visitors suffering from visual, speech, and Learning Disorders. The research discusses the 11 vital elements which include Usability, Design, Motivation, Interaction, Perceived control, Satisfaction, Attention, and others involving engagement of M.A.R. necessary for building an effective M.A.R. application for disabled people.
Employing Real-Time Game Technology for Immersive Experience (VR and Videogames) for all at MAIO Museum
Authors: Geronimo Giuliana , Giannella Salvatore
Published: October 2019

3D real time game technologies create an opportunity to design interactive immersive experiences developing affordable, easy-to-use, and incredible virtual worlds for Museums. This chapter presents the potential of these technologies for the development of edutainment content for their visitors at MAIO - Museum of Art Taken Hostage in Cassina de' Pecchi (Milan). The Museum presents the story of 1,623 masterpieces such as Michelangelo, Tiziano, Raffaello, and Canaletto that were stolen in Italy during World War II and never found again. Visitors can explore the artworks through 2 installations: MAIO Virtual Museum, through VR inside an oniric 3D environment, and MAIO Play, a multiplayer video game.
New Roles for ESP Lecturers
Authors: Bardi Mirela , Muresan Laura-Mihaela
Published: October 2019

The pressure on multilingual scholars to disseminate research outcomes through the medium of English has generated the need for programs which prepare them to perform at internationally accepted standards. The task of helping researchers refine their academic literacies entails new responsibilities for language professionals in university departments. This chapter will explore the new roles taken on by English for Specific Purposes (ESP) professionals in Romania within the framework of an MA program designed to enhance communication and research competences of faculty in economics and business. The methodological approach adopted in this study comprises narratives and field notes provided by ESP professionals involved in setting up and delivering the MA program. The findings suggest that responding to the needs of a demanding teaching situation and engaging in interdisciplinary interactions provide both challenges and professional development opportunities for language teaching academics.
Moving Towards Translanguaging
Authors: Barbosa Mara R.
Published: October 2019

Emerging bilinguals at US schools are generally subject to programs that are inadequate for their learning needs. It is crucial to find teaching models through which they can develop their academic language skills. This chapter presents the program Learn from the Experts, a partnership between a university and a high school, that fosters collaboration between Spanish and English learners. In this program, which follows the translanguaging pedagogy, Spanish learners from the university meet to collaborate with Spanish heritage English learners from the high school in lessons designed to develop each of the participants' skills in the language they are learning. The chapter also presents pedagogical changes made to the program resulting from the program team's reflection. It contributes to the development of models that support emerging bilinguals' language learning through collaboration with more experienced speakers without compelling speakers of minoritized languages to distance themselves from their languages and cultures.
Artificial Intelligence and Image Analysis for the Identification of Endometrial Malignancies
Authors: Pouliakis Abraham , Damaskou Vasileia , Margari Niki , Karakitsou Efrossyni , Pergialiotis Vasilios , Valasoulis George , Michail George , Chrelias Charalampos , Chrelias George , Sioulas Vasileios , Gouloumi Alina-Roxani , Koufopoulos Nektarios , Nifora Martha , Zacharatou Andriani , Kalantaridou Sophia , Panayiotides Ioannis G.
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study is to compare machine learning algorithms (MLAs) in the discrimination between benign and malignant endometrial nuclei and lesions. Nuclei characteristics are obtained via image analysis and were measured from liquid-based cytology slides. Four hundred sixteen histologically confirmed patients were involved, 168 healthy, and the remaining with pathological endometrium. Fifty percent of the cases were used to three MLAs: a feedforward artificial neural network (ANN) trained by the backpropagation algorithm, a learning vector quantization (LVQ), and a competitive learning ANN. The outcome of this process was the classification of cell nuclei as benign or malignant. Based on the nuclei classification, an algorithm to classify individual patients was constructed. The sensitivity of the MLAs in training set for nuclei classification was in the range of 77%-84%. Patients' classification had sensitivity in the range of 90%-98%. These findings indicate that MLAs have good performance for the classification of endometrial nuclei and lesions.
Competitiveness of International Business
Authors: Adiguzel Zafer
Published: October 2019

The world is experiencing rapid growth and change, and for a business to compete qualified, manpower must receive full training. The world economy will determine the balance of power competitive advantages. A strong management approach will increase quality and productivity. It is an important factor for the companies to gain superiority in the field of efficiency, to adapt to the technological changes, and to compete. Therefore, businesses also need to realize these advantages to provide technological changes, as well as to create competitive advantages. Management approach is necessary to create the organizational structure. Business management delivering the identified strategic objectives requires continuous effort by employees from every level. This chapter investigates international business management in terms of competitiveness combined with the effects of the cultural and social environment in understanding the management and the impact of the economy.
Evaluating the Importance of Behavioral Finance in the Financial Marketing Area
Authors: Yüksel Serhat , Temizel Ece Nur
Published: October 2019

This chapter investigates the thesis in Turkey written in the field of behavioral finance. An important objective is to guide the relevant researchers who are missing in the fields in the literature. For this purpose, 60 theses written so far have been examined with bibliometric analysis method. The period range of these theses is 2003-2018. When Daniel Kahneman won the Nobel Prize in 2002, behavioral finance, which started to attract attention in our country, started to gain momentum especially in times of crisis when unexplained behaviors were explained by the concept of rational people. In addition, 49 of them consisted of master's degree and the remaining 11 were doctoral dissertations. State universities constitute a very large weight of the relevant universities. Studies on behavioral finance have been gathered under various topics. The most studied subject has “character traits of the investors”. This is followed by “investment in stocks” and “anomalies”.
Globalization Phenomenon and Cruising of Multinational Companies Under Global Market Conditions
Authors: Kıvılcım Fulya
Published: October 2019

This chapter clarifies the definition of the phenomenon of globalization, historical development, the rapid and radical change that has taken place in the world. In the context of globalization, and in developing global market conditions, the author examines the course of Multinational Corporations in the globalization process; to emphasize the company structure models they own, competition, strategic management, and decision-making policies they follow, and primarily based on the importance they place on the structure of innovative thinking.
Role of Agility in the Banking Sector in Competitive Globalization Era
Authors: Mızrak Kagan Cenk , Mızrak Filiz
Published: October 2019

In today's rapidly changing market conditions, organizations need to be agile to gain a competitive market advantage. This chapter details the key points required for agility. Although there has been ongoing discussion whether finance and banking sector can be agile due to rigid structures, processes, and regulators, the chapter aims to prove the vital role of agility in banking sector with the case of Garanti Bank. Thanks to the case, the strategies both on the basis organization structure and marketing level that banks need to apply in agile transformation process, have been exemplified. As a result of the case, the importance of flexibility, speed, monitoring the latest trend, making quick decisions, and being customer-focused in the banking sector is stressed. On the other hand, banks are suggested to engage all their units, shareholders together with their customers in the process to have a more smooth translation.
The Importance of PESTEL Analysis for Environmental Scanning Process
Authors: Çitilci Tuğberk , Akbalık Murat
Published: October 2019

Strategy and tactic are two inseparable dynamics for organization which can be the same as a chess game. Organizations' theoretical infinite life cycle needs well-established strategic management. To create competitive advantage among competitors, top management of organizations must scan environmental factors very carefully. Without environmental scanning process organization can be viewed as blind and deaf in an ecosystem which definitely ends with shutdown of activity. Environmental scanning has two parts; internal environmental analysis and external analysis which aim to create early signals for organization. Internal analysis deals with micro-based factors which can be controlled by organization whereas external analysis universe is larger and wider when compared to internal analysis. External analysis covers all the factors such as political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal, which an organization cannot control and cannot affect. This type of analysis can be named as top-down approach analysis aims to create competitive advantage.
PESTEL Analysis-Based Evaluation of Marketing Strategies in the European Banking Sector
Authors: Dinçer Hasan , Pınarbaşı Fatih
Published: October 2019

This chapter evaluates the marketing strategies in European banking sector. In this context, six dimensions of PESTEL analysis (politic, economic, sociological, technologic, environmental, and legal) are taken into the consideration. On the other side, interval type-2 fuzzy DEMATEL approach is used to weight the importance of these dimensions. The findings show that technological and political factors have the highest importance. Therefore, it is recommended that technological innovations in the banking sector should be followed by European banks. Within this framework, these banks should design a market research department to follow these developments in the market so that new products and services can be identified. Therefore, technological development should be adopted in the strategy development process. In addition, interest rates defined by the central bank should also be considered by these banks. Hence, adopting marketing strategies according to the interest rate policy of the central banks provides a competitive advantage to the European banks.
Testing the Validity of Taylor's Rule on Developing Countries for Effective Financial Marketing
Authors: Doğdu Ali , Kurucu Gökçe , Kayral İhsan Erdem
Published: October 2019

This chapter examines whether the central bank policy behaviors of E-7 countries are valid by using a Taylor type monetary policy response function. In this context, the policy response function of banks is analyzed by using monthly data for the 2008-2018 period. Then, unit root tests of ADF (Augmented Dickey Fuller), PP (Philips Perron), IPS (Im Peseran Shin) and LLC (Levin Lin Chu) were performed and analyzed by using Dumitrescu-Hurlin methodology. As a result of the analyses conducted using inflationary data, it was observed that short-term interest rates of the central bank affect price stability by causing inflation, but inflation rates did not cause an increase or decrease in short-term interest rates. According to the findings, although inflation does not cause interest rates to change in E7 countries, a causality relationship has emerged from interest rates to inflation rates. These results indicate that the monetary policies implemented in these countries are not carried out in accordance with the Taylor rule.
Deleveraging Creative Capital
Authors: Klotz Robert John
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this research is to improve understanding of how democratized video technology is changing the market for video communication during political campaigns. The same content analysis methodology was applied to United States senate campaign YouTube videos during both the 2006 election when YouTube first made its mark on politics and the 2016 election a decade later. The evidence does not support the theory that democratized video technology will produce new winners communicating in new ways about political campaigns. The 2016 election was marked by a slight increase in the proportion of repurposed television ads compared to the 2006 election. Over the course of its first decade, the market for political campaign communication on YouTube has increasingly struggled to attract investors of creative capital.
Simulating Experiences of Displacement and Migration
Authors: Blake James N
Published: October 2019

Immigration is a highly politicised and emotive area of public discourse. During the peak of the so-called ‘Refugee Crisis' in Europe, a number of EU politicians and mass media outlets manipulated the abstract idea of ‘the migrant' as a scapegoat for a number of social ills including rising crime, unemployment and national security. Yet, during these years, some news organisations did seek to counter the dominant negative narratives around migration by exploring new modes of storytelling around interactive and immersive digital environments. This study examines four such media projects, all developed between 2014 and 2016. Their interactive narratives sought to break down popular discourses which portrayed migrants as “the other” by creating an emotional connection between media user and the experience of refugees themselves. For this research, journalists, editors, and producers were interviewed to determine the motivations of the content creators and the impact their storytelling techniques had on viewers.
Comparison of Various DoS Algorithm
Authors: Hasan Mainul , Venkatanarayan Amogh , Mohan Inder , Singh Ninni , Chhabra Gunjan
Published: October 2019

Denial of service attack is one of the most devastating and ruinous attacks on the internet. The attack can be performed by flooding the victim's machine with any kind of packets. Throughout all these years many methods have been proposed to reduce the impact, but with machines of higher capabilities coming in, the attack has also become more potent, and these proposals are either less effective or less efficient. A DoS attack exhausts the victim's resources affecting the availability of the resource. This paper will be comparing a few methods that have been proposed and published in various papers along with a newly proposed method. The comparison of the methods is done on a number of parameters including resource utilization, reaction time, worst case scenarios, etc. This paper also checks the viability of these methods over various layers of the network. Concluding with the best aspects of all the papers and the best among these for the current real conditions.
Organizational Intrapreneurship Policy, Entrepreneur Subjectivity, and Employees' Intrapreneurship Activity
Authors: He Qin , Hui Du
Published: October 2019

How to motivate employees' intrapreneurial behavior has become a key factor in improving innovation. Previous research only considered a single perspective of people or the environment, neglected the interaction between the two, and lacked an in-depth analysis of the internal entrepreneurial processes and mechanisms. This paper introduces new variables, employment relationship quality and entrepreneurial sentiment, and reveals how internal entrepreneurial policies influence entrepreneurs' internal entrepreneurial activities through entrepreneurial subjectivity. The theoretical contributions of this paper include introducing entrepreneurial subjectivity to analyze employees' internal entrepreneurial behaviors, classifying internal entrepreneurial policies from three dimensions and discussing their impact on employees' entrepreneurship, and revealing the revealing the impact of entrepreneurial policies from the interaction between people and organizations, which opens the black box of the dynamic process and internal mechanisms of arousing employees' innovation behavior.
Examining the Channel Choice of Experience-Oriented Customers in Omni-Channel Retailing
Authors: Zhao WenYu , Deng Nianqi
Published: October 2019

In omni-channel retailing, this article draws on the theory of customer experience to research channel choice when consumers stay at different shopping stages. Through theoretical analysis, the customer experience was divided into three dimensions, functional, emotional, and seamless experience, and channel was divided into online and offline channel. Used survey to collect 266 valid questionnaires, and multiple linear regression and Probit model was employed to test the hypotheses. The results show that product type and shopping stage can influence the consumers' purchase decision and channel choice. For utilitarian products, functional and seamless experience have positive influence on omni-channel usage, and consumers tend to select online channel both in search and purchase stage; for hedonic product, emotional and seamless experience have positive influence on omni-channel usage, and consumers tent to select offline channel both in search and purchase stage. The findings provided some theoretical contributions and practical implications.
The Impact of Configuration of Ties With Different Types of Actors in an Innovation Network on Technology Newness Based on QCA
Authors: Li Rui , Tao Qiuyan
Published: October 2019

This paper aims to solve the “paradox” between strength of tie and technology newness from a new perspective. It intends to disclose that technology newness depends on combinations of tie strengths of different types of actors in a network rather than one type of actor's tie strength. To do so, a qualitative comparative analysis is conducted based on 166 knowledge-intensive firms in Beijing Zhongguancun High-Tech Park. Results suggest that there are three combinations of different types of actors' tie strength sufficient for technology newness, and strong tie with firms is a necessary condition for technology newness. Results confirm that tie strength with an individual type of actors have complex trade-off effects and that only specific combinations of tie strength with different types of actors in an innovation network act as sufficient conditions for technology newness. The result tends to show that balanced and scientific management of relationship between focal firms and different actors in a network is of great importance to technology innovation and strategy making.
Faculty Resistance to Change
Authors: Gratz Erin , Looney Lisa
Published: October 2019

This study explored university faculty members' willingness to teach online in relation to their resistance to change. Researchers examined whether a relationship exists between resistance to change and motivators or barriers to teaching online. Participants were 131 faculty members of all ranks from a private, comprehensive university in the greater Los Angeles area. Participants reported such barriers as their discipline not being suited to online teaching, an absence of time for online course preparation, and a lack of skills or confidence in teaching online. Reported motivators included financial incentives, increased flexibility, and keeping current with various modes of delivery. Reported barriers were positively correlated with faculty's resistance to change, demonstrating that faculty who were reluctant to change their routines, had negative reactions to the presence of change, and saw short-term change as inconvenient were more likely to see barriers to teaching online. Faculty rank was related to certain study variables. Implications for these findings are discussed.
Staff Accessibility and Online Engagement With First-Year Students
Authors: Kelly Andrew
Published: October 2019

Studying online is becoming an increasingly attractive option to prospective students worldwide, yet external completion rates tend to be considerably lower than those enrolled on campus. Through an autoethnographic critical reflection process of teaching 27 first-year online students at a regional Australian university, this article considers methods for increasing accessibility and student engagement as well as managing personal challenges supporting online students from non-traditional backgrounds. Among seven key implications for practice, this article argues the need for genuine and open-ended interaction with online students at the early stages of a semester. It also recommends that teaching staff consciously recognize the limitations of providing academic support to non-traditional students. Based on these practices, this article confirms the benefits of critical reflection in higher education settings and the broader impact it can have on pedagogic approaches to tertiary teaching and learning.
Exploring Local Governance and E-Services in Qatar
Authors: Benmansour Nada Abdelkader , Lari Noora Ahmed , Shockley Bethany
Published: October 2019

Properly implemented, e-government enables improved government efficiency and greater engagement with citizens. The State of Qatar has implemented many e-government initiatives but little has been done to investigate their progress. This study aims to bridge the knowledge gap by shedding the light on a specific e-government initiative: the Baladiya application system, the electronic service for municipalities. It uses qualitative data from semi-structured interviews conducted with the director of customer service in each of the municipalities in Qatar. An inductive approach allowed findings to emerge. E-government provides a broad array of services to local users however three main aspects remain problematic. First, the high quantity but low quality of information received from users via e-government hinders the customer relations. Second, while services are readily available, e-government channels are not widely adopted. Finally, the complex process for service delivery contributes to create a relatively opaque user experience.
An Analysis of a Wind Turbine-Generator System in the Presence of Stochasticity and Fokker-Planck Equations
Authors: Hirpara Ravish Himmatlal , Sharma Shambhu Nath
Published: October 2019

In power systems dynamics and control literature, theoretical and practical aspects of the wind turbine-generator system have received considerable attentions. The evolution equation of the induction machine encompasses a system of three first-order differential equations coupled with two algebraic equations. After accounting for stochasticity in the wind speed, the wind turbine-generator system becomes a stochastic system. That is described by the standard and formal Itô stochastic differential equation. Note that the Itô process is a strong Markov process. The Itô stochasticity of the wind speed is attributed to the Markov modeling of atmospheric turbulence. The article utilizes the Fokker-Planck method, a mathematical stochastic method, to analyse the noise-influenced wind turbine-generator system by doing the following: (i) the authors develop the Fokker-Planck model for the stochastic power system problem considered here; (ii) the Fokker-Planck operator coupled with the Kolmogorov backward operator are exploited to accomplish the noise analysis from the estimation-theoretic viewpoint.
Modeling Customers' Intention to Use E-Wallet in a Developing Nation
Authors: Soodan Vishal , Rana Avinash
Published: October 2019

Intention to use e-wallets is affected by a number of factors which are related to consumer perception about privacy, security, price value, benefits etc. A sample of 613 customers of e-wallets in Punjab state in India was validated through mall intercept method. The results indicate that hedonic motivation, perceived security, general privacy, facilitating conditions, performance expectancy, perceived savings and social influence, and price value in this order, influence the intention to adopt e-wallets. Habit and effort expectancy are the hindrances that have a negative impact on the e-wallet adoption. Factors such as hedonic motivations, security, and privacy have larger roles. The service providers should maintain the privacy and security of users and engage customers by modifying the existing services' range and features. The study endorses reduction in the efforts of using e-wallets, and the conversion of habit into more willingly performed behavior. The resulting model can draw meaningful insights about adoption of this emerging payment platform.
Spatio-temporal variation of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in public supply reservoirs of the semi-arid region of Brazil
Authors: Silva Ranielle Daiana dos Santos , Severiano Juliana Santos , Oliveira Dayany Aguiar de , Mendes Camila Ferreira , Barbosa Vanessa Virgínia , Chia Mathias Ahii , Barbosa José Etham de Lucena
Published: October 2019

Cyanobacteria harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) have become increasingly frequent and intense in public supply reservoirs as a result of eutrophication and global climate change. The semi-arid region of Brazil has a well documented history of CyanoHABs but the underlying factors that control the excessive proliferation of these organisms and the production of their bioactive secondary metabolites are not comprehensively understood. This study aimed to identify the environmental factors that explain the spatial and temporal variations in the abundance of cyanobacteria and the concentration of cyanotoxins (microcystins, saxitoxins, and cylindrospermopsin) in semi-arid reservoirs. The following hypotheses were tested: (a) the largest biovolumes of potential toxin producing cyanobacteria occur when cyanotoxin concentrations are highest; and (b) the environmental factors that explain variations in biovolume of cyanobacteria also explain changes in cyanotoxins concentrations. Samples were taken from four reservoirs located in the Northeast region of Brazil, over a three-month period (October 2016 and February and June 2017). Of the 24 species of cyanobacteria identified, 13 were potentially toxin-producing. Physicochemical variables such as water volume of the reservoir, water transparency, soluble reactive phosphorus, and total phosphorus explained the abundance of cyanobacteria and the levels of cyanotoxins. These results corroborate the hypothesis that similar physicochemical conditions influence the abundance and diversity of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins. Cyanobacterial blooms composed of more than one potential toxin producing species were observed in the studied reservoirs, where potential microcystin-producing species were the most common. Microcystins and saxitoxins were detected in all the reservoirs studied, while cylindrospermopsin and the cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii were simultaneously recorded in only one reservoir (Camalaú Reservoir). Cylindrospermopsin was only detected in a reservoir for the first time in the State of Paraíba. Canonical redundancy analysis showed that the cyanotoxins were related to potential toxin producing species. These results corroborate the proposed hypothesis that there is a correlation between cyanotoxins and the biomass of potential producers. Also, there were situations where cyanotoxins were detected without the presence of potential producers. These results demonstrate the need for reassessment of potential toxin producing species of cyanobacteria in semi-arid reservoirs. This may lead to the identification and characterization of novel producers of these bioactive secondary metabolites.
Midwives’ role in drop-out antenatal care at second visit: Therapeutic and interactive communication in the Lombok Tengah District, Indonesia
Authors: Ernawaty Ernawaty , Husna Chotimatul , Supriyanto Stefanus , Kamilah Zahrotul
Published: October 2019

Visiting health center for getting ANC service, at least four times during pregnancy consisting of the first visit (K1) during the first trimester, the second visit (K2) during the second trimester, and K3 and K4 visit during the third trimester must be done by pregnant women in Indonesia. The objective of this research is to analyze therapeutic and interactive communication by midwives during ANC service. This observational research used cross sectional design. The sample size is 30 women with babies under six months old from 3 PHCs working areas in Lombok Tengah District. Among all therapeutic and interactive communication indicators performed by the midwives, only responsive indicator in therapeutic communication showed insignificant influence on K4 of pregnant women. The other indicators showed significant impact. More than 50% of respondents said that midwives providing ANC had poor attending skill, respect, responsiveness, empathy, informing, persuading, and reminding. The conclusion is that the worse the pregnant women perception of midwives communication behavior is, the higher the chance for the pregnant women to drop-out during K4 is.
Comparison of economic loss between generic drug and patent drug in stock-out and stagnant condition at Surabaya Islamic Hospital, Indonesia
Authors: Rochmah Thinni Nurul , Ratnasari Dwi , Robby Hanin Dhany
Published: October 2019

The condition of stagnant and stock-out might cause economic loss and indicate ineffective and inefficient drug inventory management in the hospital. This study aims to compare the economic loss between generic drug and patent drug in stagnant and stock-out condition at Surabaya Islamic Hospital. The research was observational descriptive with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted with sample of 148 generic drugs and 299 patent drugs at pharmacy unit, Surabaya Islamic Hospital. The data was analyzed using independent t-test. The result showed different stagnant and stock put (p-value) experience in drug inventory between generic drug (70%) and patent drug (30%). The t-test in economic loss showed no difference between generic drug and patent drug stagnant (p-value=0.75) and stock-out (p-value=0.86) experience. The economic loss of generic drug experienced stagnant and stock-out in July-December 2015 with the amount up to IDR 86,476,696, while patent drug experienced loss both stagnant and stock-out up to IDR 88,349,589 in October 2016-March 2017. The study concluded that both conditions were disadvantageous for hospital’s revenue and inventory management.
Impact of organizational climate and job involvement on leprosy surveillance performance in Sampang District, Indonesia
Authors: Wabula Hafid , Rochmah Thinni Nurul , Chalidyanto Djazuly , Robby Hanin Dhany
Published: October 2019

Leprosy prevalence in Sampang District, one of the high endemic areas of leprosy in East Java Province, was detected to have higher case detection rate (51.0/100,000 people) than the target (<20/100,000). The present study aims to analyze the influence of job involvement and organizational climate on surveillance performance of leprosy in the Primary Healthcare of Sampang District. The research is observational analytic with a cross-sectional design. This study involved 21 teams of controlling and prevention of Leprosy from primary health care in Sampang District from April-June 2016. The sample was taken by proportional stratified random sampling which was divided into the treatment facility and non-treatment facility. The statistical analysis used regression linear test. The result showed a good category on organizational climate and high category of job involvement. Both organizational climate and job involvement significantly influenced the increase of staffs’ performance in leprosy surveillance. It is concluded that case detection rate of leprosy in Sampang could achieve the target when the team has a supportive organizational climate and job involvement.
Development of self-report assessment tool for anxiety among adolescents: Indonesian version of the Zung self-rating anxiety scale
Authors: Setyowati Anggi , Chung Min-Huey , Yusuf Ah.
Published: October 2019

Anxiety is common among adolescents. Self-report anxiety scales are needed to screen and prevent adolescents sinking into worse mental health. The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of Indonesia Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), including translation, validity, reliability and receiver operating characteristics (ROC). We used cross-sectional study and correlational design in this study. Total sample was 1,000 adolescents in junior and senior high school. The SAS was translated into Bahasa Indonesia based on World Health Organization guidelines. SAS and the Indonesia version of Beck Depression Inventori-(BDI) II questionnaires were used to develop construct validity. Correlation between item score and total score was used to establish convergent validity. Cronbach’s alpha was used to calculate reliability and ROC curves were used to examine cut-off point of SAS. Construct validity showed positive correlation between the SAS and Indonesia version of BDI II scores. Convergent validity showed positive correlation between each item and total score. Cronbach’s alpha 0.691 and the ROC 36.5. Thus, the Indonesia version of SAS provides a reliable and valid tool to screen anxiety among adolescents.
Effect of the application of the pediatric triage “JumpSTART” method on the readiness of initial handling of emergency cases in children
Authors: Sutriningsih Ani , Haksama Setya , Ardiyani Vita Maryah
Published: October 2019

Emergency cases can happen unexpectedly, occur anywhere, and may put the school in danger. The schools should prepare themselves for emergencies including how to handle the situation. The aim of this study is to find the influence of the application of paediatric triage JumpSTART method on the readiness of the initial handling emergency cases on child. This study used an experimental research with pretest and posttest of one group design. The population covers the whole teachers and employees with the total of 21 respondents taken by using purposive sampling. Data was analyzed using the Marginal Homogenity test. The results of the research showed an effect of the Paediatric Triage JumpSTART method on the readiness of the initial handling of emergencies cases with p value 0.001 (p<0.05).
Rhodamin-B increases Hippocampus cell apoptosis in Rattus norvegicus-oxidative stress related to Parkinson, Alzheimer, cancer, hyperactive, anterograde amnesia diseases
Authors: Sulistina Dewi Ratna , Wiyasa I Wayan Arsana , Purnomo Windhu
Published: October 2019

Rhodamine B is a textile dye compounds containing chlorine (Cl-), alkylating (CH3-CH3), Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) which activate the enzyme cytochrome P-450 as well as the structure of quinone which is very redox that leads to the formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). ROS increases induce apoptosis of the intrinsic pathway. The imbalance ratio between BAX and BCL-2 stimulates apoptosis in Hippocampus tissue. “The selected design was “the post test only control group” using twenty-eight Wistar female Rattus norvegicus mouse age of 10-12 weeks. There was a significant difference (p-value <0.05) of total BCL-2 expression between the control group to the treatment group. Correlation coefficient of 0.945 indicates that the level of the relationship/ correlation is very strong category. Increasing doses of Rhodamine B was given, accompanied by the decrease in the expression of BCL-2. Correlation coefficient of -0.731 indicates that the level of the relationship/ correlation belongs strong category. It is concluded that Rhodamin B has been verified as capable to increase the expression of BAX and to reduce the expression of BCL-2 in hippocampus tissue on Rattus norvegicus.
Relationship between spiritual quotient and self-adjustment of students at Jabal Nor Islamic Boarding School, Sidoarjo, Indonesia
Authors: Khamida Khamida , Mubarak Rizqy , Budury Syiddatul
Published: October 2019

Adjusting to a life at Islamic boarding schools can be a very unique experience, many students are struggling and trying to cope with this new situation. The purpose of this research was to determine the correlation between spiritual quotient and the adjustment of student at Islamic Boarding School. The analysis method involved a cross sectional approach, with a population size was 60 students of class VII, who live in boarding school. Furthermore, a large sample size of 53 people was selected; using simple random technique, with the independent variable being spiritual quotient and the dependent was self-adjustment. Data analysis used a Chi-Square test, where hipotesis H1 is accepted if ρ < α = 0.05. The results showed that all respondents, who had low spiritual quotient, possessed a negative self-adjustment compared with other respondents. Chi-Square statistical test results, with a significant level α = 0.05 obtained the value of p (0.000), indicating a relationship between spiritual quotient and adjustment. In conclusion, a better spiritual quotient possessed by student, affects the process of adjustment
Analysis of influencing factors of burden of caregiver among stroke patients at home
Authors: Fadilah Nikmatul , Kusnanto Kusnanto , Nursalam Nursalam , Rahariyani Loetfia Dwi
Published: October 2019

The role of families in providing care for stroke patients at home can cause ongoing stress, and can be a burden to caregivers. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of factors of age, sex, education, employment, family relationship, length of care, duration of care, health problems of caregiver, and deficit neurology of stroke on the burden of caregivers. Study used analytical design through cross sectional approach. Samples of 120 caregivers were taken in 2 Puskesmas namely Pegirian and Pucang Sewu in Surabaya City with simple random sampling technique. Research instruments in the form of questionnaires compiled by researchers. Multiple linear regression used to analyze the influence of several factors on the burden of caregiver among stroke patients. The results of the t-test can be concluded that there is no partial effect on age, gender, family relationship, education, employment, length of care, health problems of caregivers, and deficit neurology of stroke on the burden of caregiver among stroke patients, and only the duration of care is influential against the burden of caregiver among stroke patients (p value 0.001).
The relationship between nutritional status and incidences of iron deficiency anemia in 3rd-trimester pregnant women in the co-endemic areas of Bengkulu City, Indonesia
Authors: Flora Rostika , Nurliza Nova , Sitorus Rico Januar , Zulkarnain Muhammad , Faisya Achmad Fickry , Slamet Samwilson
Published: October 2019

Iron deficiency in pregnant women can lead to premature birth and LBW babies. This study aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of Iron Deficiency Anemia in the 3rd trimester pregnant women in the co-endemic area of Bengkulu City. This study was a cross-sectional study with a total sample of 108 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling. Data obtained through interviews and questionnaires. Data was analyzed by using chi-square test and multiple logistic regressions. The results showed that pregnant women who had <23.5 cm of MUACwere 30.6% and 22.2% and mothers experienced Iron Deficiency Anemia were 22.2%. There was a significant relationship (p<0.05) between nutritional status and the incidence of Iron Deficiency Anemia in pregnant women. Educational factor was the most influential factor that influence the incidence of Iron Deficiency Anemia (OR = 10.303, 95% CI 2.95-35.89). It can be concluded that pregnant women with poor nutritional status have the opportunity to experience Iron Deficiency Anemia.
Analysis of factors related to lung dysfunction among coal mining workers in coal processing plant
Authors: Yuliawati Ratna , Lintar Risma Arum , Rachman Ainur , Wahyuni Marjan
Published: October 2019

East Kalimantan is one of the largest areas of the coal mining industry, which can cause many health problems, such as lung disorders. The purpose of this research was to identify factors associated with lung disorders among coal mining workers in the Coal Processing Plant at Kutai Kartanegara. This research was observational analytic with cross sectional design. Twenty respondents participated in this research (total sampling). Data was collected by questionnaire and lung function was assessed by the spirometer. Data was analyzed by chisquare test. The results showed that there was a correlation between smoking habits and lung function (p=0.02), the use of masks and lung function (p=0.038), duration of work and lung function (p=0.04), and dust inhaled with lung function (p=0.04). This study showed that there was no correlation between age and lung function (p=0.77) and exercise habits and lung function impairment (p=0.178). Based on research results, to maintain the health of coal mining worker, the factory should apply smoke prohibition, safety assessment for the worker, and manage time off work for the workers.
Does the implementation of national health insurance affect the workload of a doctor and have an impact on service quality? A systematic literature review
Authors: Sugiyatmi Tri A. , Hadi Usman , Chalidyanto Djazuli , Hafidz Firdauz , Miftahussurur Muhammad
Published: October 2019

National Health Insurance (NHI) was originally a health financing reform that eventually became a ‘driver’ for changes in all health care sectors. The burden on doctors in health facilities is likely to increase due to its changes in standard fees for medical services. This study aimed to describe NHI system changes that will affect doctor’s professionalism. This is a systematic review taken from MEDLINE complete of EBSCOhost research database. The search period range covered between 1983 to October 19 2018. The results revealed 853 unique citations which globally stated about the potential impact of NHI implementation on doctors. The majority studies indicate that there is a relationship of the implementation of NHI, workload of doctors and quality of health care service. It can be concluded that NHI implementation requires a large quantity of human resources, especially doctors. Therefore, doctors are advised to adapt to their role and function in this era of NHI.