bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic parameters for periodontal disease: an analysis of electronic dental treatment records linked to pedigree, genomic, sociodemographic and clinical data
Authors: Bermingham Mairead , Campbell Archie , Porteous David , Walls Angus
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

BackgroundElectronic health records provides unprecedented opportunity for their re-use in genetic epidemiological research. However, electronic health records data from clinical settings, such as dental practices may be inaccurate or of insufficient granularity to be of use in research. In this study, we wish to determine the utility of National Health Service (NHS) electronic dental treatment records in genetic epidemiological research.

ObjectiveTo estimate the heritability of periodontal disease using NHS electronic dental treatment records linked to health and non-health data within the Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study (GS:SFHS).

ApproachWe linked 852,355 NHS Scotland electronic dental treatment records from April 2000 to July 2015 to 20,626 participants within the GS:SFHS with pedigree, genomic, sociodemographic and clinical data. We then conducted a proof-of-principle genetic epidemiological analysis using periodontal (gum) disease treatment records. The data set analysed, consisted of 160,508 dental treatment records from 13,717 study participants; 3,387 of which were periodontal treatment records (from 2,192 study participants). We adjusted for the effects of previous treatment record, interval since last treatment, age, sex, treatment year, and treatment month, Scottish index of multiple deprivation, alcohol consumption, diabetes diagnosis, and smoking status in a linear model in the statistical software ASReml. We then calculated the mean risk of periodontal disease for each study participant based on residuals extracted from the aforementioned model. Genome-complex trait analysis (GCTA; with correction for population stratification) was used to estimate the pedigree and genomic based heritability of periodontal disease.

ResultsWe estimate the familial heritability of periodontal (gum) disease at 10.42% (95% confidence interval 5.97-14.88%). The genomic component did not contribute significantly to the heritability estimate.

Conclusionwe have demonstrated the usefulness of electronic dental treatment records in population based genetic epidemiological research .This study has also, to the best of our knowledge provided the first population based estimates of the genetic parameters for periodontal disease; confirming its familial nature. This invaluable and unique data resource will allow the acceleration of oral health research in Scotland and the exploration of research questions that could not be considered previously.
Designing a privacy-preserving protocol to support transient and purpose-specific data linkages
Authors: Smith Chris , Hewison Jenny , House Allan
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

ObjectivesTo describe the design of a privacy-preserving protocol to support transient and purpose-specific data linkages between defined organisations in the health domain, to discuss how the specific technical and governance constraints of each organisation shaped the design of the protocol, and to propose approaches to reduce the costs associated with the use of privacy-preserving protocols for such linkages.

ApproachPrivacy-preserving protocols enable individual-level data to be linked across organisations without any requirement for direct identifiers to be released outside of organisational boundaries. Such protocols can reduce the risk that data released by organisations can be associated with an identifiable subject. Use of these protocols in practical scenarios requires that their computational and communication steps are mutually acceptable to each participating organisation from a technical and governance perspective. For transient and purpose-specific linkages, organisations may have no previous experience of participation in a privacy-preserving protocol and therefore no established set of mutually acceptable steps. We describe the design of a privacy-preserving protocol for a national health research project - in which specific health data from local and national organisations is to be linked to construct longitudinal patient records for analysis - and discuss how the design of the protocol was shaped by the specific technical and governance constraints of each organisation.

ResultsOrganisations are subject to varied technical constraints, such as expertise and infrastructure, and varied governance constraints, such as policies and procedures. Therefore, different computational and communication steps may be acceptable to different organisations. Design of a privacy-preserving protocol requires interaction with each organisation to determine their specific constraints and to understand the space of mutually acceptable steps from which a protocol can be composed. Initial costs for the design of a privacy-preserving protocol can therefore be significant. However, once mutually acceptable steps have been established between certain organisations, ongoing costs for subsequent linkages should be reduced. To reduce both initial and ongoing costs, different approaches can used to support coordination of organisations on technical and governance matters. Such approaches could include: (i) education and training, (ii) tooling and accreditation, and (iii) published best practice.

ConclusionUse of privacy-preserving protocols for transient and purpose-specific data linkages requires coordination between organisations, which can be initially costly to establish. Reduction in initial and ongoing costs can be achieved through approaches that support both initial and ongoing coordination.
A data linkage strategy for producing census and population statistics from administrative data
Authors: Jones Pete
Published: April 2017

ObjectivesFollowing the recommendation of the National Statistician in 2014, it is intended that the 2021 Census of England and Wales will make far greater use of administrative data. The combined use of administrative and census data has the potential to enhance the quality and detail of outputs that can be produced in 2021. Furthermore, the government’s aspiration is that future censuses will be conducted with other sources of data. One of the major objectives of the next census is therefore to develop and test methods for producing a future alternative that relies primarily on administrative data and surveys.

ApproachIn order to meet the objectives of the 2021 Census, a data linkage strategy is needed to support the statistical system for producing population statistics. Given the diverse uses of linked data in census statistical processing, each matching exercise will have different requirements in terms of scale, methodology and quality. This paper outlines a flexible methodological strategy that has been developed to meet those requirements, with examples of research that has been undertaken to date.

ResultsResearch findings from a range of linkage exercises are presented with discussion around the methods used, the scale of the matching exercise and associated measures of quality. Examples include:

Linking multiple administrative datasets to produce a ‘Statistical Population Dataset’

Linking to adjust for coverage errors using capture-recapture methods 

Generating multivariate tabulations from linked administrative and survey data

Using linked administrative data to improve item imputation for missing values 

Linking of address records to assign Unique Property Reference Numbers

Using administrative data to enhance the 2021 Census Address Register

ConclusionCentral to the strategy is the need to develop a business model that can deliver linkage outputs to the required quality while still preserving the privacy of individuals’ data. We conclude that various procedural and technical options for preserving privacy can be incorporated within the framework of this strategy, including pseudonymisation, de-identification, trusted third party models and record indexing. The strategy developed will enable datasets to be linked to the required specifications. In addition, de-identified datasets can be held separately and integrated efficiently when required in the production of statistical outputs.

The development of this strategy will continue in the run up to the 2021 Census, with the aim of incorporating its use in wider statistical output production, including population, business statistics and social surveys.
Adolescent pregnancy termination and childbearing – the impact of an older sister’s pregnancy outcome
Authors: Wall-Wieler Elizbaeth , Roos Leslie , Nickel Nathan
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundAn older sister's teenage pregnancy status is known to influence whether or not a younger sister also has a teenage pregnancy. This study examines whether a younger sister’s odds of teenage pregnancy are impacted by her older sister’s teenage pregnancy status (no pregnancy, teenage mother, termination), and if she does become pregnant, if the older sister’s teenage pregnancy status impacts her odds of terminating that pregnancy. MethodsA birth cohort created with the linkable administrative databases housed at the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy (MCHP) is used to examine these questions. The cohort consisted of 17,169 teenage girls born in Manitoba between April 1, 1979 and March 31, 1994, who stayed in the province until at least their 20th birthday, had at least one older sister, and were not missing values on any key variables. Logistic regression models, controlling for a variety of confounders, are used to examine the relationship between sisters’ teenage pregnancy outcomes. First, the relationship between an older sister’s teenage pregnancy status (no teenage pregnancy, terminated teenage pregnancy, and teenage mother) and a younger sister’s teenage pregnancy is examined. Second, for those who had a teenage pregnancy, the likelihood of her terminating that pregnancy is examined based on her older sister’s teenage pregnancy status.ResultsTeenagers whose older sister had been a teenage mother (OR = 3.2; 95% CI 2.8-36) and those whose older sister terminated her teenage pregnancy (OR= 2.6; 95% CI 2.2-3.0) had significantly higher odds of having a teenage pregnancy than those whose older sister did not have a teenage pregnancy. For those who did have a teenage pregnancy, termination of that pregnancy was more likely if she had an older sister who terminated her teenage pregnancy (OR = 2.7; 95% CI 1.9-3.7) or did not have a teenage pregnancy (OR = 1.8; 95% CI 1.3-2.4) than if her older sister was a teenage mother.ConclusionAn older sister's teenage pregnancy outcome has a significant impact on whether or not a younger sister becomes pregnant and whether she terminates her teenage pregnancy. Younger sisters are most likely to become pregnant if their older sisters had been teenage mothers; these girls were also least likely to terminate their teenage pregnancy.
Impact of mindfulness for people with arthritis
Authors: Brophy Sinead , Cooksey Roxanne , Kennedy Jonathan , Davies Helen
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo examine the impact of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for people with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods193 People with AS were invited to take part in an MBSR 8 week course. The data linkage component of this study examined number of visits to the general practitioner before and after the course in participants and non-participants of the course (500 people taking part in a cohort study but not invited to the course). ResultsOf 193 people invited, 43 (22%) consented and took part in the course, GP records were available for 41 (95%) of MBSR participants and 457 (91%) of the 500 comparison group. There was a mean of 7.6 (median 3) visits to the GP in the 12 month period before the course for those undertaking MBSR and 4.6 (median 0) visits in the 12 month period after the course. This compared with 5.5 (median 0) visits (12 months before a random date) and 4.1 (median 0) visits (12 months after a random date) in the comparison group. Using Wilcoxon rank-sum (Mann-Whitney) test showed a significant reduction in GP visits in the MBSR group after the course compared to the comparison group. ConclusionsThose who chose to attend an MBSR course had a higher number of visits to the GP before attending the course, than the comparison group. However, after attending the stress reduction course the number of visits to the GP reduced to levels equivalent to the comparison group. This study suggests that mindfulness based stress reduction could be effective in reducing the number of visits to the GP for people with arthritis who regularly see their GP. The findings from this study suggest a full RCT and cost effectiveness analysis is warranted.
Multinational Population-Based Health Surveys Linked to Outcome Data: An Untapped Resource
Authors: Fisher Stacey , Bennett Carol , Sanmartin Claudia , Manuel Doug
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTObjectivesIncreasingly, national health surveys are being linked to vital statistics and health care information, providing a new and unique source of individual population health data. Given that nationally-representative health surveys are performed in over a hundred countries, these linkages create comprehensive data sets that are potentially larger than most existing cohort studies. To date, this resource has not been utilized.

ApproachThe purpose, study base, content and methods of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) cycles 2.1 (2003-04) and 3.1 (2005-06) and the United States 2000 and 2005 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were examined for comparability and consistency. Smoking, alcohol, physical activity and diet questions were identified, question construct and response categorization were compared, and variable constructions possible for both national health surveys were created. All respondents 20+ years of age were identified and stratified by country and sex. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate 5-year hazards of mortality associated with the common smoking, alcohol, physical activity and diet variables.

ResultsThe CCHS and NHIS are highly consistent and comparable. Health behaviour questions are similar and permit the creation of smoking, alcohol, physical activity and diet variables that are comparable across surveys. A total of 284 475 survey respondents from Canada and the United States (CCHS, N= 226 731; NHIS, N= 57 744) were included. The largest mortality hazards were associated with female heavy smokers in both Canada (HR: 2.91; 95% CI: 2.52, 3.37) and the United States (Female HR: 2.96; 95% CI: 2.59, 3.38), compared to non-smokers. Moderate variation in the age adjusted all-cause mortality hazard ratios was observed; both smoking and physical activity hazard ratios were consistently higher in the United States than in Canada.

ConclusionThis study provides initial support for the methodological feasibility of pooling linked population health surveys however, challenges introduced by dissimilarities will require the use of innovative methodologies, and discussions regarding how to manage jurisdictional data restrictions and privacy issues are needed. Pooled population health data has the potential to improve national and international health surveillance and public health.
An Integrated Genomics and Clinical Resource for Data-Driven Health Services Policy and Practice Decisionmaking
Authors: Mcbride Mary , Aparicio Samuel , Spinelli John , Tyldesley Scott
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTObjectivesBiomedical understanding of cancer is evolving rapidly. Post-genomics cancer research is also being taken up in prevention, screening, treatment, and survivor programs to better identify and manage the risks and sequelae of cancer. In order to translate these findings into effective and efficient healthcare throughout the cancer care trajectory, risk stratification is needed, based on a comprehensive set of genetic, clinical, sociodemographic, and health system factors, to deliver targeted, sustainable care within specific health systems. ApproachData linkage of records can be conducted using unique person-specific provincial Personal Health Numbers for all British Columbia (BC) residents. ResultsAt the BC Cancer Agency we have linked person-based, longitudinal registry, clinical, and health administrative records for the approximately 32 thousand breast cancer patients diagnosed to BC residents from 1989-2011, and followed to end 2013, in order to assess mortality/survival, morbidity, healthcare utilization, access and quality of care, and predictors of these outcomes, throughout the cancer care trajectory. For approximately 1000 of these patients, we have collected biological samples (either blood or saliva) from which DNA was extracted, and questionnaire-based information on education; ethnicity; health, medical and reproductive history; family history of cancer; lifestyle characteristics; as well as lifetime occupational and residential histories. Tissue microarrays are being created from the tumour blocks. Genotyping is also being performed. For approximately 720 patients, data is available on ten genetically-distinct molecular subgroups with different survival rates, including a high-risk, estrogen-receptor-positive 11q13/14 cis-acting subgroup and a favourable prognosis subgroup without somatic copy number aberrations. Linkage of these datasets is pending. ConclusionThis resource can be made available for ongoing research into patient and healthcare (including utilization, quality, and sustainability of care provision) outcomes. A strength of this resource is the detailed clinical and treatment information available for the majority of patients. Among oncologists and other cancer specialists, this work will raise awareness of issues; identify treatment toxicities; contribute to clinical decision-making; inform survivor care guideline development; and encourage research into treatment alternatives. Among family physicians and other care providers, this work will raise awareness of risks of late complications among their patients; identify high-risk survivors; and support targeted risk-based care in primary care. Among policymakers and program managers, findings will identify resource issues; and support cost-effective models of care. And, among cancer patients, this work will raise awareness of the implications of genomics on their long-term care.
What are the causes of death of patients with tuberculosis? Multiple causes of death in a cohort of cases and a research proposal of presumed causes
Authors: Rocha Marli , Pinheiro Rejane , Oliveira Gisele , Aguiar Fernanda , Saraceni Valéria
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

ObjetctiveThe objective of this study was to analyze the multiple causes of death in a cohort of patients with tuberculosis (TB) and to introduce an investigation proposal death for TB from a list of presumable causes.

ApproachWe performed a probabilistic record linkage with the databases of the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) 2006 and the Mortality Information System (SIM) 2006-2008. The underline cause and the association causes of death were analysed by sex, age and time from TB diagnostic to death.

ResultsThere were 825 deaths, of which 23% for death for TB, deaths due to TB with 16% and 61% without mention of TB. Two hundred and fifteen (42.7%) deaths occurred within the period of treatment, whose profile differed from the pattern of causes when TB was an associated cause, with high frequency of re- spiratory diseases, AIDS and ill-defined causes. We elaborated a proposal for correction of associated causes of death and an investigation proposal death for TB from a list of presumable causes. According to the proposal, 26 deaths could have modified the underlying cause.

ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of record linkage to TB surveillance and improvement of information the SIM and SINAN.
Professores do atendimento educacional especializado e de sala de aula regular: articulações e avaliações sobre o ensino e aprendizagem de alunos incluídos
Authors: Pinheiro Daiane , Duarte Sabrina Maiara de Sousa
Published: April 2017

O trabalho aborda o tema da educação inclusiva dando direcionamentos específicos de estudos às articulações entre professores do atendimento educacional especializado e professores de sala de aula regular. Aproximamos-nos da abordagem teórica dos Estudos Culturais em Educação, tornando possível entender que os sujeitos da educação especial são produzidos no contexto escolar e, portanto, nos espaços estudados assumem identidades de uma anormalidade evidenciada. Segundo experiências acadêmicas de estágio e atividades de pesquisa, observamos que muitos pressupostos políticos não estão sendo de fato efetivados nos contextos de ensino em que atuamos. A partir desses direcionamentos teóricos e políticos, o objetivo desse trabalho é conhecer as relações profissionais pedagógicas do professor de atendimento Educacional Especializado e do professor da sala de aula regular apontando possíveis efeitos na educação dos sujeitos público-alvo da inclusão educacional. O contexto da pesquisa se restringe a duas escolas municipais da cidade de Santarém-PA. Realizamos um levantamento dos instrumentos de planejamento e avaliação utilizados pelos professores com os alunos que apresentam Necessidades Educacionais Especiais. A partir desses dados inferimos análises que nos levaram a entender que a inclusão educacional ainda ancora discursos na incapacidade do sujeito, o que reflete diretamente nas ações e representações profissionais que circulam na escola. E assim, a própria referência à oferta de uma educação especializada passa a causar o estranhamento na escola, ou ainda, o carimbo que marca o sujeito com necessidades educacionais especiais. Palavras-chave: Inclusão Educacional. Educação Especial. Avaliação.
Control Method of Impedance Network in SiC Power Converters for HEV/EV.
Authors: E. Fernández  , A. Paredes V. Sala  , L. Romeral
Published: April 2017

Silicon carbide (SiC) devices provide significant performance improvements in many aspects, including lower power dissipation, higher operating temperatures, and faster switching, compared to conventional Si devices. All these features helped increase the interest in the applications of these devices for electric drive systems. The inclusion of an impedance network to elevate DC voltage would improve performance of an electric-traction system, because the topologies of impedances networks can eliminate the need of a DC-DC converter. However, it is important to know control methods that applicable to this type of topologies to systems that are more efficient. This paper presents the analysis of a control method in a power converter topology using SiC devices with an impedance network to elevate DC voltage for electric traction applications. The proposed analisys includes the implementation of a control method in Current Fed Quasi-Z topology, with 100 kHz switching frequency, and its analysis using the simulation of the control method, the power losses in SiC devices and the stress on passive components in the impedance network. Finally, the obtained results are compared with a conventional Current Fed Quasi-Z topology built with silicon devices at a low switching frequency (2 KHz).
A Three-Phase Grid Synchronization System with Sub and Interharmonics Immunity
Authors: Renato Guerreiro Araújo  , Francisco Kleber A. Lima  , Ernande Eugênio C. Morais  , Carlos Gustavo C. Branco  , Juliana Isabel L. Uchôa  , José de Ribamar L. Filho
Published: April 2017

This paper discusses a new PLL (Phase- Locked Loop) approach for detection of the fundamental positive sequence component of three-phase systems. The structure presented is based on the correlation of the input signal with a complex signal generated from the use of an adaptive filter in a PLL algorithm. Moreover, the adapted PLL, due to the use of the adaptive filter, presents a higher level of rejection for two particular disturbances: interharmonic and subharmonic, when compared to the original algorithm. Simulation and experimental results will be presented in order to prove the efficacy of the proposed adaptive algorithm. Several scenarios will be presented, to which the algorithm will be exposed. The response of the algorithm also be compared to the synchronization system based on DSOGI-FLL.
A finite element model of an induction motor considering rotor skew and harmonics
Authors: F. T. Oliveira  , M.P. Donsión
Published: April 2017

Finite element analysis is widely used in engineering, and has for some time been used in modelling the behaviour of an induction motor. Limitations and challenges of this approach will be addressed over a case-study commercial 0,37 kW, 4-pole squirrel-cage induction motor simulated using two-dimensional software FEMM. A few notes on the consideration of rotor skew and harmonic distortion in such a model are also included.
Real time simulation applied to the implementation of generic wind turbine models
Authors: A. Lorenzo-Bonache  , R. Villena-Ruiz  , A. Honrubia-Escribano  , E. Gómez-Lázaro
Published: April 2017

This paper presents the use of real time simulation applied to the development of generic wind turbine models, defined by IEC 61400-27-1, which are used in order to obtain an accurate behaviour under power system stability concerns without the need of many computation resources. These models have been implemented to be simulated in a real time simulator. In contrast with conventional simulation tools, real time simulation allows dynamic interaction with the model, and hence the adjustment of models is faster and easier. It is also presented how physical devices can be implemented within the model aiming at an improved interaction approach.
Advanced methods of signal processing for Power Quality assessment.
Authors: Álvaro Jiménez Montero  , Agustín Agüera Pérez  , Juan José González de la Rosa  , José Carlos Palomares  Salas  , José María Sierra Fernandez  , Olivia Florencias Oliveros
Published: April 2017

The aim of this work is by using artificial neural networks (ANNs) compare six regression algorithms supported by 14 power-quality features, based on higher-order statistics (HOS). In addition, we have combined time and frequency domain estimators to deal with non-stationary measurement sequences; the final target is to implement the system in a smart grid to guarantee compatibility between all the equipment connected. The main results were based on spectral kurtosis measurements, which easily adapt to the impulsive nature of the power quality events. Through these results we have verified that the developed technique is capable of offering interesting results at classifying power quality (PQ) disturbance. We can conclude that using radial basis networks, generalized regression and multilayer perceptron, we have obtained the best results mainly due to the non-linear nature of data.
Optimization of Recloser Placement in DG-Enhanced Distribution Networks Using a Multi-objective Optimization Approach
Authors: Fabian Lopez  , Andrés Pantoja
Published: April 2017

Efficient placement of protective devices in electric power distribution networks is necessary in order to achieve a reliable system and provide continuous power supply to customers as long as possible. The islanded operation with distributed generation (DG) provides a way to reduce the energy not supplied (ENS) but the placement of protections, such as reclosers, is necessary in order to allow the system to achieve this mode of operation. This paper presents a multi-objective optimization method to place efficiently normally closed reclosers by using a constrained non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (C-NSGA-II) to reduce SAIDI, ENS and investment costs. A co-simulation approach is used in such a way that the power system is modelled in PowerFactory, while MATLAB is used to implement the C NSGA-II. Then, a distribution test network is probed in simulation cases with different DG penetration levels, showing the efficiency of the proposed optimization method. Results show the importance of protective devices and DG in enhancing system reliability and reducing the energy not supplied to customers.
Superconductivity and their Applications
Authors: A. Roque  , D. M. Sousa  , V. Fernão Pires  , E. Margato
Published: April 2017

The research in the field of superconductivity has led to the synthesis of superconducting materials with features that allow you to expand the applicability of this kind of materials. Among the superconducting materials characteristics, the critical temperature of the superconductor is framing the range and type of industrial applications that can benefit from them. Some examples of industrial applications incorporating superconducting materials stand out in this paper. Among other possibilities, the nuclear magnetic resonance, the magnetic levitation train, the transport processing of electrical energy (motors, generators, transformers and power lines) and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) systems are already solutions contributing to the nowadays daily life, but more than that, are solutions that will contribute to improve the quality of life of many human beings in the near future. In addition to these solutions, in this paper are presented and discussed the pros and cons of a solution designed for the fast field cycling nuclear magnetic resonance technique that benefits of the usage of superconducting blocks.
Corrosion testing of a diesel engine common rail system using various types of biodiesel
Authors: A. Alcántara-Carmona  , J. Sáez-Bastante  , M.P. Dorado
Published: April 2017

In this paper, the behavior of different types of biodiesel (from rapeseed, soybean, coconut and palm oils) in contact with different parts of a common rail injection system was evaluated. Stability tests were carried out by static immersion of test pieces in biodiesel at two different temperatures, 50ºC and 75ºC. After 15 days of immersion, interaction between pieces and biodiesel was evaluated considering two parameters: mass variation of pieces and biodiesel acid value (AV). A mass loss in both injector and pipes was found, no matter which biodiesel was used. In case soybean oil biodiesel was used, a slightly lower loss was achieved. On the other hand, coconut oil biodiesel showed a significant acid value increase with respect to the others. The temperature increase influenced mass loss and acid value increase.
Methodology to Design and Validate a Sustainable Isolated Solar Photovoltaic System
Authors: Y.U. López  , Hugo A. Macias
Published: April 2017

This paper presents a methodology for designing an affordable photovoltaic solar school system installed on an island in the Colombian Pacific Coast, without power grid connection. After meeting with the community to identify their energetic needs, design begins by evaluating social, political and economic community issues and determining a load table, to calculate the power and energy consumed by the school in a regular day. Then, the solar array, electronic devices and batteries bank is calculated taking into account the losses generated by the electronic power equipment and its autonomy. The solar array sizing considers the school maximum power consumption per hour adding the necessary power to charge the batteries charged 70%. System validation for an optimal PV design on an isolated community is performed using Homer and SaberRD computational simulations tools. Results confirm that starting on dialoguing with the community optimize the design and help to create a sustainable strategy, encouraging an efficient use of equipment and energy.
A tool for computation of electrical losses in wind farms grids
Authors: L. Rouco
Published: April 2017

Accurate calculation of electrical losses of wind farm grids is needed in the economic evaluation of wind generation projects. This paper describes a tool for computation of electrical losses in wind farm grids. It makes use of the probability density function (PDF) of the wind speed of each wind generator to develop a set of generation scenarios.
PHOTODEGRADATION OF GLYCEROL USING NANOSTRUCTURED TiO2 CATALYST
Authors: E. Coser  , A. Bervian  , S. Khan  , A. De León  , J. Bussi  , S. A. Pianaro  , Otto, R. B.  , C. Aguzzoli  , C. F.  Malfatti
Published: April 2017

The rapid growth in the production of biodiesel and it’s primary co-product, i.e. glycerol, has become an environment concern. Currently, several processes have been developed to convert glycerol to other compounds through catalysis. Herein, nanotubular morphology of titanium dioxide (TiO2) was obtained by electrochemical anodization and applied in photocatalytic degradation of glycerol. Nanostructured TiO2 catalysts were obtained by anodization in glycerol-ethylene glycol electrolyte containing ammonium fluoride at 60 V for time durations of 60 and 120 minutes and crystallized through thermal treatment at 450 °C for 3 h with a heating ramp of 10 ºC min-1. The samples were characterized by FEG-SEM and XRD. The performances of TiO2 nanotubular photoelectrodes were evaluated via glycerol photodegradation and also for comparison in photo-electrochemical water splitting. The TiO2 nanotubes anodized for 120 minutes presented the best performance in both tests that was related to their optimal morphology and charge transportation.
Analysis of the Power Quality in Six-phase Induction Motor Drives with Arbitrary Winding Spatial Shifting
Authors: J.J. Aciego  , M.J. Duran  , I. Gonzalez-Prieto  , F. Barrero
Published: April 2017

Multiphase machines are becoming an alternative to the three-phase standard in high power applications with high reliability requirements. Due to the capability to inherit off-the-shelf three-phase technology, the most popular choice at industry is the use of multiple three phase windings. The disposition of the different sets of three phase winding is however varied. In the specific case of six phase machine, a spatial shifting among the three-phase windings of 0º, 30º and 60º has been used in dual-three-phase, asymmetrical and symmetrical machines, respectively. This spatial displacement has an impact on the power quality of the currents that supply the machine since the same magnetomotive force (MMF) in the airgap can be generated with different harmonic cancellation between phases. This work considers an arbitrary spatial shifting of the three phase windings in order to explore its impact on the power quality from the machine-side. Extensive simulation results compared the different types of six-phase machine and some conclusions are extracted about the advantages of each choice.
Development of small-scale wind energy systems adaptable to climatic conditions using chattering torque control - PI pitch control and CAES strategy
Authors: N. Luo  , T. Pujol  , L. Pacheco  , J.R. González  , J.V. Bramon  , A. Massaguer
Published: April 2017

Small wind turbines are commonly single-turbine installations owned by individual homeowners or farmers for on-site electricity consumption, and are becoming an attractive alternative for off-grid electrification and water pumping, both as stand-alone applications and in combination with other energy technologies such as photovoltaic, small hydro or diesel engines. The cost of energy alone is not the only criterion to consider, other aspects like system performance, suitability for a given wind regime, reliability under normal and extreme wind conditions, efficiency in energy storage and exploitation, and overall system life are often equally important. This research deals with the development of small-scale wind energy systems for increasing the productivity of wind power and achieving the better exploitation of generated energy. The proposed wind turbine controller is based on the variable-speed variable-pitch power regulation strategy, using the combination of chattering torque control and PI pitch control. The hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation and on-site experimental testing in rural area are presented. Compressed air energy storage (CAES) strategy for the energy exploitation is also discussed.
Operation and Maintenance Cost Effect on Optimal Sizing of PV Array and Battery for a Grid-Connected House
Authors: M.A Hejazi  , Ali Khorrami  , Gevork B. Gharehpetian
Published: April 2017

In this paper, operation and maintenance cost effect of PV array and battery on optimal sizing of PV and energy storage capacity in a grid-connected house is analyzed. The mentioned cost is applied in objective function of studied system. The objective function also is made of other different costs including annual cost for purchasing electrical energy from grid and annual investment cost for system components and others. To exchange of energy between house and grid four modes are considered and finally, optimal sizing of PV capacity and energy storage will be obtained. A numerical method named direct search is used to optimize objective function.
Some Thoughts about Harmonic Limits in Connection Agreements for Wind Power Plants
Authors: Daphne Schwanz  , Math H.J. Bollen
Published: April 2017

For the connection of wind power plants into the public grid there are power quality procedures and limits that need to be complied with. The direct aim of those is to ensure a suitable power quality in the grid, but to ultimate aim is to ensure a high probability of electromagnetic compatibility. Each country has different requirements and standards, and with this, different procedures. In this paper, an overview of these methods will be given, together with some of the advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, a review of the modifications regarding the latest versions of IEEE 519-1992 and IEC 61000-3-6 will be presented.
About power quality monitoring in residential grids
Authors: M. Buzdugan  , H. Balan
Published: April 2017

The paper presents some voltage power quality issues in a low voltage residential area. In the introductory section, a few specific problems related to the monitoring process are addressed. The following section is devoted to the power quality survey intended for diagnosis. A portable hand-held, eight channels, power quality meter/monitor. It was a reactive mode of power quality survey, determined by the misoperation of the home automation in a residence, which was the first step to a solution of mitigating the power quality issues.
A SUSTENTABILIDADE EM ECOVILAS: DESAFIOS, PROPOSTAS E O CASO DA ECOOVILA 1 – ARCOO
Authors: Cunha Eduardo
Published: April 2017

O trabalho aqui apresentado se caracteriza por um estudo exploratório referente às ecovilas, no que toca as suas práticas e a uma possível leitura analítica tomando-se como base o tema da sustentabilidade. Ele teve como objetivo principal o desenvolvimento de um marco de análise para a sustentabilidade de ecovilas no contexto brasileiro. Assim, este estudo se baseou em um levantamento teórico-conceitual e no estudo de um caso, que é o da Ecoovila 1, situada em Porto Alegre, RS. O modelo de análise da sustentabilidade foi montado a partir das contribuições da discussão sobre desenvolvimento sustentável (Ignacy Sachs), sobre economia solidária (França Filho e Santana Júnior) e sobre as práticas das ecovilas (Jackson e Svenson), formando um quadro-síntese. Como resultado, percebeu-se que a experiência estudada não se enquadra, atualmente, em todas as dimensões da sustentabilidade conforme a proposta de análise apresentada. Ela representa, entretanto, um caso significativo para a compreensão do tema em discussão.Palavras-chave: ecovilas, sustentabilidade, economia solidáriaAbstractThe work presented here is caracterized by a exploratory study over ecovillages, related to their practices and to a possible analitical interpretation based on the sustainability subject. It had as a main objective the development of a analitical framework to the sustainability of ecovillages in brazilian context. Thus, this study had been based in a theorical-conceptual reserch and in a case study – Ecoovila 1 – located in Porto Alegre, Brazil. The sustainability framework was constructed from the contribuitions of discussions about sustainable development (Ignacy Sachs), about solidarity economy (França Filho e Santana Júnior) and about the ecovillages practices (Jackson e Svenson), forming a synthesis-frame. As result, it was noticed that the studied experience dos not fit, presently, in all dimensions of sustainability as proposed in the framework. It represents, however, a significative case to the comprehension of the theme under discussion.Keywords: ecovillages, sustainability, solidarity economy
EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS ADOTAM POLÍTICAS DE LOGÍSTICA REVERSA RELACIONADAS COM O MOTIVO DE RETORNO E OS DIRECIONADORES ESTRATÉGICOS?
Authors: Da Silva Adilson Aderito , Leite Paulo Roberto
Published: April 2017

O crescimento do consumo e a satisfação das exigências dos segmentos de mercado têm produzido significativas alterações no processo logístico de retorno dos produtos não consumidos. Retornos esses motivados por erros de expedição, excessos nos canais de vendas, qualidade dos produtos e defeitos passíveis de reparos. Essas alterações, têm tornado mais visível a atividade da Logística Reversa, a qual se ocupa com o planejamento das operações com produtos de retorno mediante adoção de direcionadores estratégicos com o objetivo de recuperar valor econômico, melhorar a imagem e os serviços prestados. A partir da revisão de estudos sobre Logística Reversa foi levantada a seguinte questão de pesquisa: como os direcionadores estratégicos de Logística Reversa estão relacionados com os motivos do retorno e as políticas empresariais para destinação dos produtos de retorno? Para responder tal questão, foi conduzida uma pesquisa com 188 executivos que responderam um questionário, com assertivas sobre os motivos de retorno, direcionadores estratégicos da Logística Reversa e políticas adotadas. Os dados, examinados à luz da técnica de modelagem por equações estruturais, revelaram uma influência significativa dos motivos de retorno sobre os direcionadores de Logística Reversa os quais determinam as políticas de retorno adotadas pelas empresas pesquisadas.
GESTÃO ESTRATÉGICA DO USO DA ÁGUA NA MINERAÇÃO: UM ESTUDO MULTI-CASOS EM EMPRESAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Bichueti Roberto Schoproni , Gomes Clandia Maffini , Kneipp Jordana Marques , Rosa Luciana Aparecida Barbieri da
Published: April 2017

O presente estudo tem o objetivo de verificar a relação entre a gestão do uso da água e o desempenho empresarial em indústrias do setor mineral brasileiro. Para tanto, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa e exploratória, por meio de um estudo de casos múltiplos. Os resultados permitem verificar como as empresas analisadas atuam nos aspectos associados à gestão do uso da água, em especial relacionados ao controle da quantidade de água, à avaliação dos riscos envolvidos, às práticas operacionais, à cadeia de suprimentos e ao engajamento com os stakeholders. Sobretudo, as evidências encontradas apontam para a relação existente entre a gestão do uso da água e o desempenho empresarial nas indústrias pesquisadas, contribuindo para o avanço acadêmico da gestão socioambiental. Do ponto de vista da gestão das empresas, promove alternativa para uma atividade industrial mais sustentável, em termos econômicos, sociais e ambientais.
Confianza, instituciones informales y políticas públicas, una compleja relación pendular
Authors: Güemes Mª Cecilia , Hernández-Bonivento José
Published: April 2017

Estudiosos en la materia han señalado una relación bidireccional entre el desempeño de políticas públicas y el contexto social en el que se desenvuelven. En esta vía, el texto busca acercarse y analizar aspectos específicos de dicha relación, la cual es descrita de manera pendular: por un lado, el enfoque dado a las políticas públicas logra afectar la confianza entre las personas de una comunidad, así como sus lazos relacionales; por el otro, la informalidad contextual donde se implementan afecta el resultado mismo de las políticas públicas. Para ello, se analizan los resultados de dos investigaciones: el efecto de las políticas públicas mercantilistas en la confianza social en Argentina y la influencia de las instituciones informales en el proceso de descentralización en Colombia. Se concluye manifestando la importancia de este acercamiento en el contexto latinoamericano, donde existen diferencias entre formalidad e informalidad, y donde la desconfianza en las personas y en las instituciones sigue siendo alta, y la necesidad de ocupar este tema en la agenda de investigación en la región.
Against Stanley Fish on Ben Jonson and the Community of the Same
Authors: Ramsay William Everett
Published: April 2017

In his classic essay “Authors-Readers: Ben Jonson and the Community of the Same,” Stanley Fish argues, primarily on the basis of a series of close readings, that (1) Jonson's poetry of praise hints at a community in which everyone is the same; (2) Jonson's poetry of praise is nonrepresentational, while his poetry of blame is representational; (3) Jonson's poems of praise and the members of the community mentioned in them are largely interchangeable; and (4) Jonson writes nonrepresentational poetry of praise in which everyone is the same in order to maintain his independence in a patronage society.

I argue that these four theses are false. Part I argues that Fish's equivocation on the crucial word identity and his misreading of “In Authorem” undermine his claim that there is a Jonson community in which everyone is the same. Part II argues that Fish's reading of Epigrams 63, “To Robert, Earl of Salisbury,” on which reading rests his claim that Jonson's poetry of praise is nonrepresentational, introduces several textual errors, and that, once these errors are corrected, the poem no longer supports that claim. Part III argues that an awareness of Jonson's poetic art, especially his use of puns, shows that his poems of praise are not interchangeable, while an attentiveness to the “signs of specificity” (38) in the poems of praise shows that the people discussed in them are not the same. Since the truth of the fourth thesis depends on the truth of the others, it is largely ignored.
X-Ray Insights into the Nature of Quasars with Redshifted Broad Absorption Lines
Authors: Zhang Ning-Xiao , Brandt W. N. , Ahmed N. S. , Hall P. B. , Luo B. , Anderson Scott F. , Ak N. Filiz , Petitjean P. , Schneider D. P. , Shen Yue , Srianand R.
Published: April 2017

We present Chandra observations of seven broad absorption line (BAL) quasars at

with redshifted BAL troughs (RSBALs). Five of our seven targets were detected by Chandra in 4–13 ks exposures with ACIS-S. The

values,

values, and spectral energy distributions of our targets demonstrate they are all X-ray weak relative to expectations for non-BAL quasars, and the degree of X-ray weakness is consistent with that of appropriately matched BAL quasars generally. Furthermore, our five detected targets show evidence for hard X-ray spectral shapes with a stacked effective power-law photon index of

. These findings support the presence of heavy X-ray absorption (

cm−2) in RSBAL quasars, likely by the shielding gas found to be common in BAL quasars more generally. We use these X-ray measurements to assess models for the nature of RSBAL quasars, finding that a rotationally dominated outflow model is favored while an infall model also remains plausible with some stipulations. The X-ray data disfavor a binary quasar model for RSBAL quasars in general.