bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern discourse developmental trends
Authors: Vladimir I. Karasik , Gennady G. Slyshkin
Published: March 2021

The paper deals with discourse development tendencies determined by social, economic, cultural and historic characteristics of our present existence, on the one hand, and modern technologies of distant communication, on the other hand. The material analyzed comprises texts taken from network and media discourse as presented in the Internet and Russian contemporary oral and written speech card-catalogue compiled by the authors. The model of our study includes four components of a communicative situation: subjects, texts, chronotops and organizational characteristics. We argue that modern discourse is characterized by the following properties of its participants: expansion of self-presentation, juvenile manner of communication, critical attitude to information, communicative over-saturation. Semiotic properties of modern discourse characterize the texts used in various types of communicative interaction, they include significant growth of multimodal content in all the types of written communication (it corresponds to predominant usage of visual information transmitted by electronic media), vulgarization of speech, and oral and written texts diffusion in distant communication. Chronotopic properties of oral discourse consist in the communicative compression of messages we exchange, in acceleration of our life and shrinkage of communicative turns, and in new demands to everyday habitual existence which makes it a vital necessity to have the access to the Internet in every home. Organizational properties of modern communicative practice may be defined as emerging of inter-discursive hybrid types of communication concerning media and network discourse, diffusion and merging of personal and institutional and private and public communication, and formation of new rituals which are mostly realized in gestures or clips.
Modern «philological novel» Discourse as an artistic experiment: Figl-Migl’s prose
Authors: Ivanova Irina N.
Published: March 2021

The article presents a certain way of modern transformation of the so-called “philological novel” in the modern Russian prose. The author asserts that this genre, which has a profound tradition and generally rests upon quite traditional philological gnoseology and axiology, has changed significantly since, e.g., “Pushkin’s house” by A. Bitov, and the reason for this change is radical transformation of basic concepts of artistic discourse.
The status of fine literature and its social functioning, the issue of Author and his/her dialogue with the Reader, the very nature of a word, especially a “foreign” one, have changed. Modern literature does not pretend to be didactical anymore, as it had in a sense been in classical paradigm of the Author/Reader relationship, and it is gradually transforming into an intellectual game with ready-made linguistic and ideological constructs.
The purpose of the article is to study the ways modern artistic discourse of Figl’-Migl’s “philological novel” transforms. The research rationale is explained by the absence of scientific works, dedicated to the specific discourse of such novels, in the modern Russian theory and history of literature. The author considers that Figl’-Migl’s prose is distinguished by universal ironization of the total intertextuality, that is common for postmodernism; by principal tendency for the absence of anyone’s “own” word at all, and by the author’s and the protagonist’s reluctance to associate themselves with any distinctly identifiable axiological and ideological system, including the “love for word”.
Artistic discourse of Figl’-Migl’s novels may be considered experimental, since the author, by imitating various types of “foreign” discourse, playing with them and bringing together characters, absolutely unimaginable within one and the same dialogue, as discourse carriers, puts them in contexts, unusual for them and for the reader, but virtually modelled by the whole history of the Russian literature, which is present in the novels as a background and a full participant of the dialogue’s events.
Referentiality of event in postmodern fictional discourse: pragmatics and semantics
Authors: Kudryavtseva Mariya I.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the study of postmodern fictional discourse referentialism in terms of pragmatics and semantics. Postmodern fictional discourse eliminates the oppositions of different narrative perspectives, which entails a non-distinction of the author’s narrative and the characters’ speech. The relevance of the article arises from the need to identify the communicative parameters of the creator of fictional discourse and its recipient from the standpoint of the cognitive and discursive linguistic paradigm, but it should be noted that both sides of fictional communication are free in the choice and interpretation of language elements outside the fixed conventional meanings. This feature of fictional discourse results in a set of conventions adopted by both sides of aesthetic communication. Metaphorically polysemantic images, which conflict with the definitions of formal logic and affirm the variability of the world and consciousness, are characteristic of postmodern fictional discourse. Pastiche, irony, collage, allusions, citations, direct derivations have significant pragmatic potential. The aim of the article is to identify and describe the pragmatic and semantic features of structuring the referentiality of an event in postmodern fictional discourse on the material of Sasha Sokolov’s novel “School for Fools”. The semantic space of the novel creates the dialogicity of the characters’ consciousness, pragmatically marked by dialogization of speech, which emphasizes the recipient’s attention to the imaginary event. The text fragments become independent discursive phenomena, thus contributing to the perception of the novel as a complex of macrocontexts. Markers of narrative polyphony, as well as intertextuality and precedent phenomena serve as pragmatic markers of the special referentiality of an event in S. Sokolov’s novel.
Metamodernism as a discourse of a new anthropological myth
Authors: Nechaeva Ekaterina A.
Published: March 2021

The present paper concerns the discourse of metamodernism problem as a type of the anthropological myth. The anthropological myth is considered as a project for describing reality, which models a systematic consistent idea of a human being, reality, status of reality and develops ethic, aesthetic, axiological views of a subject. The article aims to determine the peculiarities of metamodernism as a fictional discourse of the anthropological myth on the basis of XXI century European novel analysis. The analysis is carried out with the use of the comparative method, contextual description methods, axiomatic method, discourse analysis method etc. The topicality of the undertaken research is determined by the appearance of a new fictional discourse in art at the beginning of the XXI century as well as a new aesthetic paradigm, not described yet. The texts of Western European novels written in the first two decades of the XXI century reveal authors’ consistent refusal of the principles traditionally viewed as post-modernist – novels featuring a simulated nature of reality, novels problematizing the relationships between the signifying and the signified, decentralizing the subject etc.
The attempts to describe a particular cultural situation as an alternative to postmodernism have been taken since the 80’s of the XX century; metamodernism acts as one of such projects for describing the modern cultural situation. The paper analyzes the interpretation models referring to XXI century art on the basis Western European novels of XXI century. The author of the paper concludes that metamodernism as a fictional discourse of the new anthropological myth reflects a different idea of the reality. Metamodernism as a cultural project aims to “return” ontology, assume the availability of reality outside the cognizing subject’s consciousness, and surpass the iconic nature of reality. From the epistemological point of view, metamodernism offers cognition of the world and “Ego” via experience of “Another Ego”.
Situational conditioned dynamics of the metaphorical image of Mikhail Saakashvili in the British media
Authors: Mikhnevich Olga I. , Chudinov Anatoliy P.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the diachronic research of the metaphorical portrait of a political leader. The principle of focus fragmentation is used in this research: two fragments of political reality are considered. The diachronic analysis helps to identify constant and variable characteristics for each synchronic slice (a period of time). The present article examines the development of the metaphorical image of Mikheil Saakashvili in the British media. The metaphors of two time periods are compared: the period of Saakashvili’s tenure as the President (2004-2013) and the period after the resignation. The research is based on the British media texts devoted to Mikheil Saakashvili and his activities, which were published in the period 2004-2019. According to the analysis, the number of metaphors with a negative assessment increases, especially during Saakashvili took part in the political struggle in Ukraine. These are metaphors with the sphere-source “War”, “Game / Sport”, “Theater”. The analysis shows that the quantitative indicator of some metaphorical models changes: the number of metaphors with the sphere-source of “Theater” increases in the second synchronic slice, the number of metaphors with the sphere-source of “Monarchy”, “Physiology”, “Mechanism”, etc. decreases. This may indicate a certain connection between the political changes and the frequency of metaphorical models. It is also worthwhile to pay attention to onomastic metaphors characterizing the ex-president of Georgia. The analysis shows that the changes of semantic shade depends on the political situation. The study contributes to better understanding of the general pattern of the dynamics of metaphorical images. The perspectives of our study are comparison of metaphorical images of political leaders in the media of Great Britain, Russia, the United States and other countries.
Revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre mecanismos que vinculan crimen y pobreza
Authors: Gaitán-Rossi Pablo , Velázquez Guadarrama César
Published: March 2021

El objetivo fue identificar los mecanismos sociales que ligan crimen y pobreza en contextos urbanos, para discutir si deberían incluirse en mediciones de pobreza multidimensional. El método consistió en una revisión sistemática de literatura en la que examinamos 1,505 artículos académicos y seleccionamos 59 para un análisis detallado. La codificación cualitativa permitió describir hallazgos clave. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de la literatura se enfoca en cómo la pobreza conduce al crimen y no en la relación inversa, la de mayor interés para la medición de pobreza. Las expresiones más claras de pobreza urbana y crimen fueron: la concentración de desventajas, la segregación socioeconómica y espacial, y la baja eficacia colectiva. Concluimos que la evidencia sobre el crimen como determinante de la pobreza es insuficiente, debido a retos de medición clave. Sin embargo, la revisión señala varios caminos en los cuales el crimen es un aspecto central de las condiciones y la experiencia de la pobreza.
DO SHOCKS HAVE PERMANENT OR TRANSITORY EFFECTS ON CONTAINER TRAFFIC IN TURKISH PORTS? / Şokların Türk Limanlarındaki Konteyner Trafiği Üzerindeki Etkisi Kalıcı Mıdır Geçici Midir?
Authors: AÇIK Abdullah
Published: March 2021

Container ports are one of the most important parts of the supply chain. Due to high investment and operating costs, the structure and predictability of current and future demands are very important. To investigate this structure, this study aims to determine whether the shocks to the export and import container quantities handled in Turkish ports are temporary or permanent. Both standard unit root tests and unit root tests with structural breaks were applied to export and import container amounts. According to the results, when the structural breaks are considered, it has been determined that both export and import container quantities are stationary. This situation shows that the effects of the shocks to the container traffic are temporary, the applied policies lose their effect in a short time and the future container traffic can be predicted using historical data.
PERFORMING ARTS, EVER SINCE THE OTTOMAN TIMES
Authors: ÇAYA Sinan
Published: March 2021

Halkı eğlendirmek ve bu arada sanatçıya ve onları örgütleyen idareciye para kazandırmak amacı güden her çeşit sahne performansı, Osmanlı’da oldukça gelişmiş bir sektörü temsil eder. Tarih nice kabiliyetler görmüştür tozlu Osmanlı sahneleri
üzerinde! Bu nüve, zaman içinde evrilecek ve nihayet bir aralık bütün dünyanın en usta illüzyonisti dahi Türkiye topraklarından neşet edecektir. Sahne sanatları hayatın komik ve / veya eğlenceli yüzünü vurgulamak suretiyle halka
iyimserlik aşılamış; insanları bezginlikten uzak tutmuştur. Âdetâ bir kollektif psikanaliz gizil (örtük) işlevini; asırlar boyunca; büyük bir etkinlik ve başarım suretiyle deruhte eylemiştir. Osmanlı’nın son demlerinde ata sporu
güreş de kurnaz ecnebi menajerler eliyle bu doğrultuda kullanılmıştır. O o müthiş sporcular sayesinde batı dünyasında olumlu bir Türk görüntüsü de, bu vesileyle ortaya atılmış olmaktadır.
Digital land management in the agro-industrial complex
Authors:   Belarusian State Agricultural Academy, Kutsayeva Alesia , Barkovsky Gennady ,   design institute Mogilevgiprozem
Published: March 2021

The paper analyzes the directions of development of on-farm land management in the context of the formation of innovative approaches to land management, in particular, when introducing a precision farming system in agricultural production in Belarus.
The choice of methods for fixing bone fragments in autoplasty of long tubular bone defects
Authors:   Minsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Ladutko Dmitry , Podgaysky Vladimir , Ladutko Yuri , Kezlya Oleg , Pekar Andrey , Selitsky Anton
Published: March 2021

The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of different methods of fixing bone fragments after transplantation of the fibula into a large defect of long tubular bones on the results of treatment. The study included 10 patients (group 1) with major tibia defects in whom the method of postoperative fixation of the segment of the operated limb allowed to give an early mechanical load on the graft itself and 10 patients (group 2) where the impact of mechanical load on the graft was excluded due to its transplantation into the hummers defect (6 cases) or minimized when replacing the tibia defect (4 cases). The degree of graft hypertrophy, the rate of its fusion with the recipient bed, and the number of postoperative complications under different conditions of mechanical stimulation of the fibula graft were studied. The rate of fusion of the graft with the recipient bed in both groups of patients was the same, but the incidence of complete stress fractures of the fibula graft in the second group was three times higher than in the first and was 30%, against the background of a slight degree of graft hypertrophy (from 19% to 45%). The use of the Ilizarov device for fixing fragments of the post-resection bone bed and graft in a stable and dynamic mode allows to give an early postoperative load on the lower limb, stimulates the rate of graft hypertrophy and reduces the likelihood of developing complete stress fractures.
Proyek Di Desa Pendampingan Mahadesa Untuk Sosialisasi Tdc (Trade & Distribution Center) Desa Labuhan Haji
Authors: Jupri Ahmad , Prasedya Eka S. , Azima Muhammad Firman , Praja Fajar Maulana Dwi , Rizaldy Wisnu , Zuhal Yudha Aryadi , Laeli Sahrol , Rohmi Hikmayatur , Hadi Rahmat Lutfian , Walida Nurul
Published: March 2021

Program KKN Tematik di Era New Normal merupakan salah satu bentuk pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa dan dibimbing oleh dosen  sebagai salah satu wujud implementasi Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. Pelaksanaan kegiatannya dalam masa pandemi Covid-19 maka selalu memperhatikan protokol kesehatan disetiap kegiatan. Program kerja utama dalam KKN bertema Mahadesa ini adalah sosialisasi mengenai program Mahadesa TDC (Trade Distribution Center) yang merupakan hasil kerjasama antara pemerintah Provinsi NTB dengan Badan Usaha Milik Daerah (BUMD) PT. GNE. Secara umum, program TDC (Trade Distribution Center) ini merupakan suatu sistem pemasaran terintegrasi (integrated marketing) berbasis digital. Desa Labuhan Haji adalah salah satu dari sekian banyak desa di Kecamatan Labuhan Haji, Kabupaten Lombok Timur, NTB yang sektor ekonominya terdampak pandemi Covid-19, khususnya UMKM dan pedagang warung. Sistem perdagangan berbasis teknologi digital ini diharapkan menjadi jembatan agar produk UMKM di Desa Labuhan Haji dapat mengakses pasar digital. Sehingga dapat mengurangi permasalahan di bidang ekonomi desa seperti dalam pendistribusian produk-produk UMKM desa, yang lingkup pendistribusiannya terbatas.
Pengembangan Potensi Usaha Buah-Buahan Menjadi Aneka Makanan Dan Minuman Segar Dan Sehat Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Nilai Ekonomi Masyarakat Lingkungan Pasar Buah Bertais Di Era New Normal
Authors: Jupri Ahmad , Prasedya Eka S. , Susanto Heri , Rai P Ni Komang , Sri J Ni Komang , Sastra K Pujangga , Wijayanti Karisma
Published: March 2021

Kelurahan Bertais merupakan daerah perdagangan besar dengan berbagai macam komoditas, salah satunya yaitu buah-buahan segar. Berada di lingkungan pasar buah yang berpenduduk sebagian besar berprofesi sebagai pedagang buah dan lingkungan pasar merupakan lingkungan yang relatif panas, membuat masyarakat sekitar menjadi lebih konsumtif dengan makanan atau minuman penyegar. Tujuan pembuatan produk ini adalah untuk membuat buah-buahan segar menjadi produk yang lebih inovatif serta lebih menarik untuk dikonsumsi, karena berada di lingkungan pasar buah memungkinkan masyarakat akan merasa bosan mengonsumsi buah segar atau buah yang tidak diolah. Serta akan menambah daya tarik pengunjung pasar untuk mengonsumsi buah dalam bentuk sebuah produk penyegar. Salah satu ide yang dikembangkan adalah membuat minuman segar dan makanan ringan dengan harga yang relatif murah sehingga dapat  dijangkau  oleh  masyarakat, mulai dari anak anak sampai orang dewasa. Pemasaran produk ini akan dilakukan secara offline dan online. Pemasaran secara offline dilakukan dengan mendirikan stand kecil-kecilan di lingkungan pasar, dan pemasaran secara online dilakukan dengan memposting produk di media sosial dan membuat fasilitas delivery atau pesan antar.
PERFORMANCE OF DRY HYDROPONIC SYSTEM ON CULTIVATION OF GREEN LETTUCE (Lactuca sativa L.)
Authors: Triyono Sugeng , Laksono Roni Agung , Tusi Ahmad
Published: March 2021

Dry hydroponic is an emerging system and gaining popularity among some hydroponic businesses, yet investigation on its performance has not been reported.  Purpose of this research is to evaluate and compare performance of dry hydroponic system to floating and wick systems on green leafy lettuce cultivation.  The experiment used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with factorial arrangement.  Two factors, hydroponic systems and aerator usages, were implemented. The hydroponic systems included Dry, Wick and Floating systems, while the use of aerator were with and without aerators.  All treatment combinations consisted of 3 replicates.  Parameters to be observed were nutrient solution parameters (pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, water consumption), plant parameters (height, stem diameter, leaf width, number of leaves, leaf thickness, and canopy area, shoot fresh weight, water content, some chemical contents).  Data sets were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by a least significant Difference (LSD) test at level of 5%.  Results showed that the interaction between the hydroponic system and the use of aerators were not significantly different for all parameters observed.  The hydroponic systems were not significantly different too. The use of aerator was significant for the nutrient solution parameters (pH and Dissolved Oxygen), water content, and phosphorus contents of leaves.  In conclusion, Dry Hydroponic System has the same performances as compared to floating and wick systems.
As aporias da inculturação (I)
Authors: Comblin José
Published: March 2021

No presente momento todos os católicos querem a “inculturação”. A “inculturação” chega a se identificar com a evangelização.
The cognitive requirement in the multiple-choice exams in the university
context and its relationship with learning approaches, self-regulation,
teaching methods and academic performance
Authors: Herrero Pilar Gandía , Medina Agustín Romero
Published: March 2021

The quality of academic performance and learning outcomes depend on
various factors, both psychological and contextual. The academic context
includes the training activities and the type of evaluation or examination,
which also influences cognitive and motivational factors, such as learning
and study approaches and self-regulation. In our university context, the
predominant type of exam is that of multiple-choice questions. The cognitive
requirement of these questions may vary. From Bloom's typical taxonomy, it
is considered that from lower to higher cognitive demand we have questions
about factual, conceptual, application knowledge, etc. Normally, the teacher
does not take these classifications into account when preparing this type of
exam. We propose here an adaptation model of the multiple choice questions
classification according to cognitive requirement (associative memorization,
comprehension, application), putting it to the test analyzing an examination
of a subject in Psychology Degree and relating the results with measures of
learning approaches (ASSIST and R-SPQ-2F questionnaires) and self-regulation
in a sample of 87 subjects. The results show differential academic
performance according to "cognitive" types of questions and differences in
approaches to learning and self-regulation. The convenience of taking into
account these factors of cognitive requirement when elaborating multiple
choice questions is underlined.
Dynamics of Voluntary Verbal Memory Indicators of Children and Adolescents with Endogenous Mental Pathology During Treatment
Authors: Khromov A. I. , Zvereva N. V. , Sergienko A. A. , Strogova S. E.
Published: March 2021

Background: to assess the effectiveness of therapeutic, psychotherapeutic, and psycho-correctional procedures the study of cognitive functions (memory) is necessary. There are few studies of treatment effectiveness through analysis of the dynamics of voluntary memory indicators in children and adolescents with schizophrenia.

Purpose: to analyze the dynamics of voluntary verbal memory indicators in children and adolescents with endogenous mental pathology during treatment in the short-term and medium-term.

Subjects and methods: clinical groups included 134 patients 7–17 years old with diagnoses of childhood type schizophrenia (F20.8xx3), schizotypal personality disorder (F21), undifferentiated schizophrenia (F20.3). The healthy control group for the assessment of short-term and medium-term dynamics included 64 pupils of secondary schools in Moscow, aged 10–16 years.

Methods: Learning of 10 Words, Paired Associations, the Digit Span subtest from WISC. All subjects were examined twice.

Results: therapeutic dynamics shows that the deficit level of immediate memorization volume and memorization effectiveness did not change in 55% and 65% of patients, respectively. Improvement (approaching the norm) of immediate memorization and memorization effectiveness was demonstrated by 26% and 21% of patients, respectively. Statistically significant changes in the state of associative memory during therapy were noted in the groups F21 and F20.3. The effect of specific drugs (neuroleptics,nootropics, antidepressants) on memory in a separate sample of 36 patients showed a tendency for the positive effect of nootropics and antidepressants. In the medium-term (age-related) dynamics, patients in F21 and F20.3 groups demonstrated relative stability of memory indicators; a tendency towards positive dynamics was found in the F21 group.

Conclusions: a tendency to multidirectional therapeutic dynamics of immediate memory indices was revealed depending on the diagnosis, variability of indices during re-examination in connection with treatment with individual drugs. The dynamics of memory indices in the mediumterm reveals the differences associated with the diagnosis — a minimum of positive age-related shifts in the F20.8xx3 group and variants of dynamics that are close to normal in the F21 and F20.3 groups. The “learning effect” found in the developmental norm is not so noticeable or not noticeable at all in clinical groups.
Psychoeducation, Psychiatric Education and Psychoprophylaxis as an Integral Part of the Work of a Psychiatrist in an Outpatient Consultative Appointment
Authors: Shapovalova L. A. , Shapovalov K. A.
Published: March 2021

Introduction: hygienic education of the population includes a set of educational, upbringing, agitation and propaganda activities aimed at promoting a healthy lifestyle, preventing diseases, maintaining and strengthening health, increasing the working capacity of people, and prolonging their active life.

Material and methods: the analysis of 5 qualification works of a psychiatrist was carried out for the hygienic and health education. The depth of the  study was 24 years. When working on the material, the following methodological approaches were used: systemic, complex, dynamic, normative, quantitative and situational. Analysis methods included: historical, analytical and comparison. The following techniques were used for the analysis: groupings, absolute values, continuous and selective observations.

Results: psychiatric reception in the advisory department of GAUZ RK “CDC RK” is carried out by one specialist. Individual psychoeducation, psychiatric  education and psychoprophylaxis accompany the entire treatment process  of persons with mental disorders. The psychiatrist of the regional center is constantly engaged in psychoeducation of the population, works with the  medical staff of the institution and central regional hospitals, is engaged in methodological and research work. Discussion: health education in psychiatry in all forms contributes to a wider medical prevention of the development of pathology in the mental sphere, as well as to the improvement of already developing diseases and the prevention of relapse of already cured diseases. Despite the fact that the psychiatrist deals with such topics that are not of a pronounced psychological nature, they always include psychological problems, since they relate to human relationships, provide people with information, recommendations, advice and act on them emotively. 

Conclusions: sanitary and educational work in psychiatry is aimed at  increasing the level of knowledge of the population about mental disorders, mastering methods of protection from stress, the harmful effects of bad  habits. Individual health education accompanies the entire treatment process.
Transseptal Access for Catheter Ablation of Left-Sided Atrioventricular Accessory Pathways in Children
Authors: Meshkova M. , Doronin A. , Khanenova V. , Rudenko N.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Puncture of the atrial septum for access to the left atrium is often used for cardiac interventions in adults. In children, transseptal puncture is a less common, technically more difficult procedure, and the frequency of its complications is not well described in the literature.

Objective. Our aim was to study the feasibility and safety of transseptal puncture in children through retrospective analysis of 208 consecutive radiofrequency catheter ablations (RFCA) for left-sided atrioventricular accessory pathways (AP).

Results and discussion. Successful transseptal puncture was possible in 100% of cases, ablation in 97%. The mean time, including mapping and radiofrequency ablation, was 40 ± 22 minutes, and the mean fluoroscopy time was 3.8 ± 1.9 minutes. There were no complications associated with transseptal puncture. Recurrence of AP was reported in 6 (2.9%) children. Residual atrial septal defects 1 year after the procedure were detected by echocardiography in 5 (2.4%) children.

The transseptal access ensures successful and effective ablation of the left-sided accessory pathways in the vast majority of children. RCA with transseptal access has a total operative time and fluoroscopy time comparable to those described in the literature for RCA with retrograde access. The reduced duration of the procedure and the fluoroscopy time are of great importance in the pediatric age group, which is most vulnerable to drug and radiation exposure. However, transseptal puncture in children remains a technically complex intervention with the possibility of corresponding complications. It should be performed by an experienced electrophysiologist who has experience in pediatric catheter ablation.

Conclusions. Transseptal puncture is a feasible and reasonably safe procedure for children. It can be considered as the first choice approach in children with left-sided accessory pathways.
Strategy of Medical Care for Pregnant Women with Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Siromakha S. O. , Davydova Yu. V. , Tarnavska A. O. , Volkova N. I. , Nakonechna N. B.
Published: March 2021

Grown-up congenital heart (GUCH) is a global challenge nowadays. The strategy of medical care for GUCH women dur-ing pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period is a topic of active discussion in the expert community. These patients have significantly increased risk of maternal and perinatal loss. A national obstetric cardiology and cardiac surgery multi-disciplinary team (OCCS) established in academic institutions in 2013 has provided medical support to 896 GUCH pregnant women over the last 7 years. In total, GUCH patients accounted for 36% of the cohort of all the examined pregnant women. Of these, 474 (53%) were primigravid. The mean age of the patients at the time of the first visit was 27.3 ± 5.7 years. Patients with uncorrected CHD accounted for 66.2% (n = 593), and 33.8% (n = 303) of pregnant women had undergone correction, including hemodynamic correction of complex CHD in 5 patients. Risk stratification was performed using several scores (mWHO, ZAHARA, CARPREG) for the comprehensive assessment of cardiovascular risk and prediction of pregnancy, deliv-ery, and postpartum period course. 82 patients were classified as having high cardiovascular risk (CVR) after the stratifica-tion. They needed admission to the cardiac surgery facility to receive different types of medical care. There were 2 (2.4%) cases of maternal loss and 3 (3.8%) cases of adverse perinatal outcomes in this group of patients. The article presents the algorithms for multidisciplinary care strategy choice in GUCH pregnant women with high CVR and their routing principles developed by the OCCS. These algorithms significantly reduced adverse outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth in this group of patients. Long-term results were evaluated in 69 patients (86.3%). The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 91 months, on average 34.4 ± 23.6 months. There were no long-term maternal losses or repeated cardiac surgeries. There was one case of unexplained death of a child 8 months after birth. The strategy of multidisciplinary medical care of a high-class GUCH pregnant woman should be personalized depending on the clinical data and in accordance with the ESC 2018 guidelines.
Reconstruction of the Aortic Arc through Left Thoracotomy in Patients with Isolated Coarctation and Aortic Arch Hypoplasia
Authors: Truba Y. , Dziuryi I. , Motrechko O. , Golovenko O.
Published: March 2021

Background. The choice of surgical approach for the reconstruction of aortic arch hypoplasia is a rather controversial issue. Traditionally, left lateral thoracotomy is used to correct aortic coarctation with hypoplasia of one or more arc seg-ments. However, in recent years, more and more clinics have begun widespread use of median sternotomy for the surgical treatment of aortic arch hypoplasia. The purpose of the research was to analyze the immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment of isolated hypoplasia of the aortic arch in infants through left thoracotomy.

Materials and methods. From 2010 to 2019, 159 infants with coarctation and hypoplasia of one or more segments of the aortic arch underwent reconstruction of the aortic arch at the National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the NAMS of Ukraine and Ukrainian Children’s Cardiac Center. The study included only patients with biventricular physiology and subsequent biventricular correction. There were 108 male patients (68%) and 51 female patients (32%).

The mean age of the patients was 2.4 ± 0.9 months, the mean body weight was 4.7 ± 2.0 kg. The main method of diagnosis, i.e. determining the defect and assessing the immediate and long-term results, was echocardiographic examination. The study group consisted of 155 patients (97.5%) in whom the reconstruction of the aortic arch was performed through left thoracotomy, in the remaining 4 patients (2.5%) the intervention was performed through median sternotomy.

 

Results. In-hospital mortality was 0.6% (n = 1). The average time of the operation was 126 ± 40 minutes, the aortic cross-clamp time was 24.7 ± 5.1 minutes. The mean duration of mechanical ventilation after the surgery was 41 ± 15.9 hours.

The mean follow-up period ranged from 1 month to 13 years. There were no deaths in the long-term period. Ten (6.4%) patients developed aortic arch restenosis in the postoperative period. In 8 patients, the narrowing was treated by endovascular dilatation. Two patients underwent repeated aortic arch repair using median sternotomy. There were no cases of compression of the trachea, main bronchi, neurological complications in the follow-up period.

 

Conclusions. Reconstruction of the aortic arch hypoplasia through left thoracotomy is an effective and safe treatment option in infants associated with good immediate and long-term results. The study indicates that this surgical strategy can be used in most patients with hypoplasia of the isthmus and distal aortic arch.
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome: Prognostic Significance of Morphological Variants of the Heart in the Choice of Treatment Approach
Authors: Zakharova V. , Savchuk T. , Truba Ya. , Lazoryshynets V. , Rudenko O.
Published: March 2021

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is one of the most complicated congenital heart defects which leads to the inevitable fatal outcome in the natural course of the disease. Currently, Norwood procedure and fetal aortic valvuloplasty are considered the major approaches for surgical treatment of HLHS. However, the prognosis of such surgeries is often unpredictable.

The aim. To study morphological variations of the left ventricle (LV) in HLHS and evaluate the prognostic significance of each of them in the choice of surgical approach.

Materials. The main group included 63 hearts of newborns with HLHS, the comparison group included 53 hearts of newborns without cardiac pathology.

Methods. The methods used were survey microscopy, as well as macro- and micromorphometry of various parameters of the heart, calculation of the ratio of their absolute values (indices) with subsequent statistical data processing.

Results. Five types of LV were identified in HLHS patients based on the size and shape of the cavity, wall thickness, presence or absence of fibroelastosis: slit-like hypoplastic (Type I) (n = 10; 15.9%); slit-like hypertrophic (Type II) (n = 19; 30.2%); cylindrical (Type III) (n = 22; 34.9%); lacunar (Type IV) (n = 6; 9.5% ); lacunar-cylindrical (Type V) (n = 6; 9.5%). In Type I left ventricles, the interventricular index (IVI) (the ratio of the areas of the free walls of the left and right ventricles on the cross sections of the heart) was the smallest: 0.13 ± 0.03 units versus normal 1.96 ± 0.31 units. In Type II left ventricles, the value was equal to 1.69 ± 0.23 units; in Type III it was 1.59 ± 0.64 units; in Type IV it was 1.31 ± 0.03 units; in Type V it was 1.05 ± 0.52 units. The index of the working area of the right ventricular myocardium (RVI) (the ratio of the area of the free wall of the right ventricle to the sum of the areas of the free wall and interventricular septum) in Type I LV was the highest: 81.3 ± 5.7% versus normal 57.1 ± 2.02%; in Type II it was 49.7 ± 6.4%; in Type III it was 39.8 ± 2.9%; in Type IV it was 69.7 ± 16.1%; in Type V it was 41.3 ± 24.4%.Type III–V LVs have always been associated with fibroelastosis, in contrast to Type I and II LVs.

Conclusions. In HLHS, Type I hearts are the most eligible for the Norwood procedure, since the LV, due to its minimal size, is not an excess ballast for the working right ventricle. Type II LV is optimal for the fetal aortic valvuloplasty, since during the II-III trimesters of gestation they can join the circulatory system due to remodeling. HLHS with LV fibroelastosis (Types III, IV, V) seem to be the least favorable for both pre- and postnatal surgery, especially in the presence of fibroelastosis of the right ventricle.
Integrated research of slaging intensityof the boilerunit heating surfaceswhen burning non-project fuels
Authors: Boiko E. A. , Zagorodnii I. V.
Published: March 2021

THE PURPOSE. Comprehensive research of the slagging intensity is the heating surfaces of the BKZ-420-140 boiler unit with solid slag removal at the Abakan CHP when burning non-project fuels. The relevance of the work is due to the technical necessity and economic feasibility of conversion boiler units to combustion of non-design coals. METHODS. The problem has been analyzed by methodology for conducting complex tests, measurements and processing of experimental data, as well as the results of experimental and computational studies of a boiler unit when operating on coals of various qualities. RESULTS. Qualitative and quantitative parameters for assessing the properties of off-design coals and their behavior in real operating conditions of radiation, semi-radiation and convective conditions, taking into account their modes and design functions, have been obtained. CONCLUSION: A computational analysis of the operating modes of boiler units when burning non-design fuels showed that a promising technology for involving non-design coals in the fuel and energy balance of a thermal power plant is providing a scientifically based mixture of design and nondesign fuels.Analysis of the slagging and polluting properties of non-design coals makes it possible to predict changes in the characteristics of the thermal efficiency of heating surfaces and to develop many practical recommendations for optimizing the parameters of the cleaning equipment installed on the boiler.Also, mixtures of fuels were determined for which the wall temperatures of the metal of the outlet stack of the superheater increase, which significantly reduces the strength characteristics of the surface.The assessment and prediction of the reliability of the heating surface is carried out by calculating the temperature of the metal wall in the most heat-stressed place.
On the efficiency of the control of the circulation of hot water
Authors: Rotov P. V. , Sivukhin A. A. , Rotova M. A. , Gafurov R. A. , Gorshkov A. V.
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE. Perform analysis of the actual heat energy consumption for cold water heating for the hot water utility to the approved standard. Compare different methods of flow control in circulation pipelines of hot water supply systems. Identify ways to improve the efficiency of hot water systems. METHODS. The passive engineering experiment was used to study the operating modes of hot water supply systems of several groups of houses, in which various methods of regulating water consumption in hot water supply systems are implemented. Data collection was carried out using the online system of control and commercial accounting of energy resources. RESULTS. Existing hot water supply systems in residential buildings of Ulyanovsk were inspected under various methods of flow control in circulation pipelines. Features of static and dynamic load control of hot water supply systems were investigated. Analysis of influence of methods of control of thermal load of hot water supply systems on their actual heat consumption was performed. The possibility of bringing the actual operation mode of hot water supply systems to the standard value, on the basis of which consumption is calculated, is estimated. CONCLUSION. Known methods of load control in hot water supply systems and their actual operating conditions do not allow to reach the level of heat consumption that meets the established standards. Conclusions were drawn on the need to revise the regulated indicators of hot water quality and to adjust the method of calculating consumption in hot water supply systems.
Words high-frequency drying processes simulation of wooden tangent towers in a vacuum chamber
Authors: Kachanov A. N. , Korenkov D. A. , Revkov A. A. , Maksimov V. V. , Vorkunov O. V.
Published: March 2021

THE PURPOSE. The service life duration of wooden tangent towers used on overhead transmission lines with a voltage of up to 35 kV depends on the quality of lumber drying and subsequent impregnation. The drying of tangent tower workpieces is currently carried out by atmospheric or convective methods and is the longest and one of the energy-consuming stages of their production. At the same time, there are promising electrotechnological drying installations that can reduce the duration and improve drying quality at comparable specific energy costs. Such installations include vacuum high-frequency complexes, the wide introduction of which is complicated by a number of unresolved scientific and technical problems like optimizing vacuum high-frequency drying modes and ensuring electromagnetic field uniformity in long workpieces. The purpose of this article is to obtain mathematical tools that simultaneously describe the cross-effects of electromagnetic phenomena and heat and mass transfer processes in long-sized lumber and contribute to the further solution of these problems. METHODS. The positions of the theory of electromagnetic field, heat mass transfer and heat mass exchange, methods of mathematical modeling were used for this purpose. Also the results of previous studies of electromagnetic field distribution in the cross-section and longitudinal sections of the working chamber loading are taken into account. RESULTS. А one-dimensional mathematical model is obtained. It describes the influence of electromagnetic wave distribution along the length of tangent towers and external medium parameters on the temperature and moisture content in the material. This model is characterized by the possibility of using simple algorithms for analyzing differential equation systems based on the finite differe nce method and requiring less initial data on the drying material properties. CONCLUSION. The obtained by using the proposed model and the method of its analysis the numerical study results are compared with the available experimental data. Based on this comparison it is concluded that the obtained model is adequate and more effective relative to other existing models of vacuum high-frequency drying. Generally, further use of the presented mathematical toolkit to optimize the design and modes of vacuum-high-frequency complexes in the task of drying wooden tangent towers will increase the reliability of overhead transmission lines.
Determining wind energy resources in Turkmenistan
Authors: Saryyev K. A.
Published: March 2021

THE PURPOSE. Studying the complex issues associated with providing consumers who are away from the central power supply system with environmentally safe renewable energy source, i.e. conversion of wind energy into electrical energy and uninterrupted supply of electricity to consumers. In this area, one of the complex issues is to determine the wind energy resources in the area where it is planned to install a wind farm.

The article deals with the determination of wind energy resources in Turkmenistan. Using databases obtained from meteorological stations over several years, calculations of wind energy resources by region are carried out. This will quickly and in detail analyze the wind energy potential in a particular area to assess the choice of capacity of the projected wind turbines, with the aim of ensuring sustainable development of the region and the reliability of electricity supply.

METHODS. In order to estimate the wind energy resources in the area it is necessary to determine the average wind speed per year. In this research work the average annual wind speeds obtained from meteorological stations installed in different regions of Turkmenistan were used. These data were compared with the actual data obtained from the 2 kW wind power plant installed at the research site of the State Energy institute of Turkmenistan and the relevant graphs were built. The results of the obtained data can be used for optimal selection of wind power plant locations and assessment of wind energy resources of the region. RESULTS.As a result of the calculations, wind energy reserves in the region and for the regions of Turkmenistan were determined, as well as the optimal locations of wind farms.Using the technical characteristics of a 2kW wind power plant, the average annual electricity output of a wind power plant of different capacity is determined.

With the correct definition of wind energy potential, there is an opportunity to solve energy, economic, environmental and social issues of the country. And also there is an opportunity to mitigate climate change on the basis of wind energy installations, and their resources, environmental benefits, goals and objectives on the scientific methodological basis in the field of wind energy for implementation of state programs for energy conservation in Turkmenistan and energy supply of the region.

CONCLUSIONS. On the basis of the carried out scientific work the wind energy resources and technical potentials of wind power plants in the territory of Turkmenistan were determined and the database for compiling the wind energy cadastre was created.
Providing of technological norm on oxides of sulphur for steam boilersat thermal power stations
Authors: Gribkov A. M.
Published: March 2021

Thermal power plants (TPPs) burn more than 30% of the produced fuel. Also this fuel is worst in quality. This is usually either high-ash or high-moisture, often high-sulfur coal, or waste from oil refining and associated petroleum gas. If the main fuel at the plant is natural gas, then fuel oil farms are still being built to create a fuel reserve. But even if a gas-oil plant uses only a small part of fuel oil in its fuel balance, the permissible environmental impact is calculated on the maximum use of the dirtiest fuel, i.e. fuel oil. Thus, thermal power plants are either active or potential sources of nitrogen oxide emissions. PURPOSE. Development of methods for decreasing sulfur emissions without installing special desulphurization equipment in the exhaust gas path. In some cases, this is possible if the absorption capacity of the alkaline components of solid fuel ash or the dosing of slaked lime into fuel oil is used to control the permissible emission of solid particles in the absence of ash collectors on gas-and-oil boilers. The developed METHODOLOGY will allow us to trace the entire chain of necessary actions based on the fuel composition before selecting the main parameters of the proposed methods. RESULTS. The formulas for calculating the required degree of purification of combustion products are proposed. Methods decrease sulfur oxides emissions in domestic equipment using for pulverized coal boilers. Solution allows to decrease oxide emissions for boilers that burn fuel oil and do not have ash traps.