bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sûrnâmelerde Türk Halk Kültürünün İzleri: Vehbî Örneği
Authors: Kayabaşı Rabia Gökcen
Published: April 2024

18. yüzyılda yetişmiş önemli divan şairlerinden olan Vehbî, şöhretini Sultan III. Ahmet’in şehzadeleleri için düzenlenen sünnet düğününü anlattığı sûrnâme ile kazanmıştır. Genel olarak sûrnâmeler incelendiğinde de en geniş ve en şöhretli sûrnâme, Vehbî’nin “Sultan Ahmet Düğünü” sûrnâmesidir. Sûrnâmeler aynı zamanda Türk edebiyatının folklor unsurları bakımından zengin kaynaklarındandır. Sünnet, evlenme ve tahta çıkma nedeniyle yapılan şenlik ve eğlenceleri içeren sûrnâmeler, manzum ve mensur eserlerdir. Sûrnâmeler, yazıldıkları dönemdeki halkın geleneklerini, şenliklerini bütün yönleriyle hem yazılı hem minyatürler yoluyla aktarmaktadır. Minyatürler, Türklerin geleneksel kitap resimleme sanatı olarak bilinmektedir. Kültür ve sanatının önemli anlatılarından olan, Türklerde kökü Orta Asya’ya kadar uzanan bu minyatürler, Osmanlı’nın toplumsal ve kültürel yaşamında kıymetli bir belge niteliğindedir. Vehbî Sûrnâmesi’nde Levnî’nin yaptığı minyatürler de yer almaktadır. O dönemde yapılan ritüeller hem sûrnâmelere konu olmuş hem de minyatürlerde yerini bulmuştur. Bu çalışmanın evrenini Vehbî’nin sûrnâmesinin ana temasını oluşturan sünnet ve sünnet törenindeki ritüellerle beraber, Türk halk kültürüne ait kült ve motifler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada Vehbî’nin sûrnâmesine yansıyan, ağaç kültü, kurban motifi, atalar kültü, hayvan motifi, geleneksel Türk tiyatrosu, cirit oyunu, halk hikâyesi anlatıcılığı gibi halk kültürü oluşturan çeşitli unsurlar tespit edilip değerlendirilecektir.
Çocuklarda Profilaktik ve Terapötik Probiyotik Kullanımı
Authors: Tüsüz Önata Ece , Özdemir Öner
Published: April 2024

Probiyotikler uygun miktarda uygulandıklarında kişiye sağlık açısından fayda sağlayan canlı mikroorganizmalardır. Probiyotikler bağırsak epiteli ve mukusuna yapışma yetenekleri sayesinde patojenlerle yarışarak patojen istilasını azaltırlar, bakteriyosin, hidrojen peroksit ve organik asitler gibi antimikrobiyal ürünler üretip antimikrobiyal etki sağlarlar. Bu etkileri sayesinde probiyotiklerin özellikle gastrointestinal sistem hastalıklarının önlenmesi ve tedavisinde kullanımı uzun yıllardır araştırma konusu olmuştur. Probiyotiklerin regülatör T hücre üretiminin indüklenmesi, alerjenlere cevabın Th1 yönüne saptırılması gibi sistemik etkileri olması alerjik hastalıklarda kullanımı için umut olmuştur. Son yıllarda probiyotiklerin profilaktik veya tedavi amaçlı kullanıldığı pek çok hastalıkla ilgili araştırmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmalardan probiyotiklerin etkinliğinin suş ve hastalık açısından özel olduğunu gösteren önemli kanıtlar elde edilmiştir. Bu yazının amacı probiyotiklerin hastalık tipine bağlı kullanımını güncel bilgiler ışığında gözden geçirmektir.
The Role of E-Learning in the Evolution of Professions: A Moroccan Contextualization
Authors: Boulahoual Adil , Rafik Meriem
Published: April 2024

From bullshit jobs to bullshit people, the relevance of the individual within the group has consistently been a determining factor in their social value and personal esteem. The advent of new technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), poses an existential question to humanity about its place in a world rapidly saturated by AI. The latter has propelled the evolution of professions at an unparalleled speed, a challenge the academic world struggles to manage. If the new era of the university has indeed arrived, it must then redefine its role as an intellectual institution to avoid a general mediocrity of profiles, a pitfall it had encountered in its trajectory as an entrepreneurial university. It is imperative for the university to ensure the democratization of human intelligence, a crucial element in the strategic management of the advent of artificial intelligence, and guarantee social equity in access to knowledge.
Thus, it is appropriate to assign to E-learning the function of certifying and preparing the technical profiles necessary for the practical functioning of society. E-learning emerges not only as an alternative solution but as an evolution of the modern university, distinguishing between graduation and certification.
ANDERSEN MASALLARI'NA FARKLI BİR BAKIŞ "ŞİDDET VE KORKU UNSURU"
Authors: Toprak Netice , Akın Erhan
Published: April 2024

Masallar, olağanüstü karakter ve olaylardan oluşan bir edebi türdür. Olağanüstü olmanın yanında toplumun bakış açısını, düşüncelerini aynı zamanda gündelik yaşamları da barındırma yönüyle edebiyatta önemli bir yere sahiptir. Masallar yüzyıllardan beri gerek toplumun içinden çıkıp gerek çeviri yoluyla okura ulaşarak edebiyatımızda varlığını sürdürmektedir. Andersen’in masalları da Türk çocuk edebiyatına çeviri yoluyla girerek uzun yıllardır sıkça okunan masallar arasında yer bulmuştur. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Hans Christian Andersen’e ait 156 masal ve hikayesi içerisinden seçilen 20 masalında yer alan şiddet ve korku unsurlarını incelemektir. Nitel bir araştırma yönteminin benimsendiği araştırmanın veri kaynaklarını, Pinhan Yayıncılık’ta baskısı çıkan ve üç ciltten oluşan Andersen Masalları kitabı oluşturmaktadır. Kitaptan elde edilen veriler doküman analiziyle sunulmuştur. Yapılan analizler sonrası masallardaki şiddet ve korku unsurlarının dört kategori altında incelenmesi elverişli bulunmuştur. Sonrasında şiddet ve korku unsurları tablolarla belirtilip kitaptan örneklerle desteklenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda Andersen Masallarında yer alan bazı masalların çocuklar için uygun olmayan unsurlar taşıdığı ve bu masalların çocuklarda olumsuzluklara yol açabileceğinden uzman görüşü olmadan okutulmaması önerilmiştir.
Review and Prospect of “Micro-Credit” Courses in Higher Education SPROUT Project (HESP)
Authors: Lee Liza , Liu Yi-Yi
Published: April 2024

We delved into the challenges encountered during the implementation of micro-credit courses, specifically “Application of the Multiple Intelligences Theory in Designing Teaching Aids” and “Children's Poetry and Song Creation” in 2020. The objective of this study was a meticulous analysis of course effectiveness, focusing on student satisfaction and feedback. In the “Application of the Multiple Intelligences Theory in Designing Teaching Aids” course, 42% of the 50 students rated satisfaction at 5, 44% at 4, and 14% at 3. In the “Children’s Poetry and Song Creation” course, 53% of the 48 students rated satisfaction at 5, 33% at 4, and 14% at 3. Feedback from the students who attended “Application of the Multiple Intelligences Theory in Designing Teaching Aids” highlighted satisfaction with the course content and the instructor’s conscientiousness. However, several students suggested reducing the volume of teaching aids. For “Children’s Poetry and Song Creation”, students acknowledged the instructor’s diligence but recommended more emphasis on “teaching aid creation. Challenges included a disparity between student preferences and departmental focus, non-cross-disciplinary course restrictions, limited promotion leading to a narrow student pool, budget constraints affecting instructional materials, and short, sporadic course durations hindering effective assessment.
Ressources alimentaires et stratégies d’alimentation des petits ruminants en Région Centre-Nord du Burkina Faso
Authors: TENSABA Raogo Sylvain , KIEMA André , ZONGO Moussa , GNANDA Bila Isidore , TIEMA Aliou Kanfido Patoin
Published: April 2024

Objectif : Le but de cette étude était d’apprécier le niveau de disponibilité des ressources alimentaires et d’analyser les stratégies paysannes d’adaptation aux contraintes alimentaires des petits ruminants au Centre-Nord du Burkina Faso. Méthodologie et résultats : Une enquête a été menée auprès de 128 ménages. Les résultats montrent que dans la zone d’étude la saison pluvieuse est une période d’abondance. En revanche, la saison sèche connait un déclin du disponible fourrager. Les stratégies paysannes de gestion et d’exploitation des ressources étaient la fauche et la conservation du pâturage naturel (82,9% des producteurs enquêtés), le stockage des résidus de culture (100%) et l’achat des Sous-Produits Agroindustriels. Les modes de conduite alimentaire variaient en fonction de la saison et des objectifs d’élevage. La saison pluvieuse était dominée par l’exploitation exclusive du pâturage naturel tandis qu’en saison sèche, notamment chaude, Il y avait un recours à la complémentation après le pâturage naturel. Conclusion et applications des résultats : La présente étude constitue une base de données au service des acteurs du sous-secteur de l’élevage. Les résultats révèlent l’étendue des déficits alimentaires et donc la nécessité d’innover en matière de production fourragère. Mots clés : Fourrage naturel, résidus de cultures, petits ruminants, Kaya, Centre Nord, Burkina Faso 19007 Tensaba et al., J. Appl. Biosci. Vol: 182, 2023 Ressources alimentaires et stratégies d’alimentation des petits ruminants en Région Centre-Nord du Burkina Faso Feed resources and feeding strategies of small ruminants in the North Center region of Burkina Faso ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the level of availability of food resources and to analyse farmers' strategies for adapting to the food constraints of small ruminants in the north center region of Burkina Faso. Methodology and results: A survey was conducted among 128 households. The results show that in the study area the rainy season is a period of abundance. In contrast, the dry season shows a decline in available fodder. The farmers' strategies for managing and exploiting resources were mowing and conserving natural pasture (82.9% of the producers surveyed), storing crop residues (100%) and buying agro-industrial by-products. Feeding methods varied according to the season and the breeding objectives. The rainy season was dominated by the exclusive use of natural pasture, while in the dry season, especially the hot season, there was a recourse to supplementation after natural pasture. Conclusion and applications: The present study constitutes a database for the benefit of stakeholders in the livestock sub-sector. The results reveal the extent of the food deficits and therefore the need for innovation in fodder production. Keywords: Natural fodder, crop residues, small ruminants, North Center Region, Burkina Faso
Brillouin frequency shift measurement by zero-crossing point search in virtually synthesized spectra of Brillouin gain and loss
Authors: Nonogaki Hayato , Sei Daichi , Zan Mohd Saiful Dzulkefly , Tanaka Yosuke
Published: April 2024

We demonstrate a method for fast and precise Brillouin frequency shift measurement based on searching for the zero-crossing point of a virtually composed spectrum of Brillouin gain and loss obtained by a dual-frequency probe beam. Simulations and experiments show that searching for the zero-crossing point of a virtually synthesized Brillouin gain spectrum can be easily done without a large error compared with peak search of the Brillouin gain spectrum in the conventional method.
Economia circulară și recuperarea deșeurilor din plastic prin reciclare în Moldova
Authors: Perciun Rodica
Published: April 2024

In the Republic of Moldova, the situation in the field of waste management is similar to countries with an emerging economy because the generation of waste is influenced by numerous factors, such as: the types of economic activity, the difficult macro-financial situation, low incomes, consumer behavior, the degree of responsibility, the level of awareness of the problem of all actors involved in this process. Currently, we can see that the Republic of Moldova is increasingly affected by pollution, including due to plastic waste. The study carried out outlined a synthesis picture on the use of plastic products and plastic packaging, as well as the perception of subjects vis-à-vis the current legislation in the field of waste and plastic products, and created the reflection of society on public policy challenges on plastic waste, which will be addressed in the near future in national circular economy legislation. The purpose of this study was to empirically investigate the level of use of plastic products and the generation of plastic waste, as well as to determine the perception and behavior of the end consumer regarding the circular economy. To achieve the proposed objectives, general scientific methods were applied: analysis, synthesis, history and logic, critical analysis of materials, clustering, but also analysis methods, such as survey, interview, statistical processing of empirical data and official data, graph method, indicators, comparison, grouping, etc. This paper was supported by the State Program 20.80009.0807.22 Development of the mechanism for the formation of the circular economy in the Republic of Moldova.
Intergenerational redistribution in an ageing society
Authors: Gagauz Olga , Prohnitchi Valeriu
Published: April 2024

This study explores the critical issue of intergenerational redistribution within the context of an aging society, using data from National Transfer Accounts (NTA) for Moldova 2019-2021. As the population of Moldova continues to age rapidly, the allocation of resources among different age groups becomes increasingly pertinent. This research aims to understand how financial resources are distributed across generations and assesses the implications of these patterns for the overall well- being of society. The NTA framework provides a comprehensive and detailed analysis of economic flows between age groups, encompassing public and private transfers, labor income, and asset-based transfers. Our findings suggest that intergenerational transfers are not uniform across age groups and older people make a significant contribution to supporting younger generations through the allocation of private resources. We also identify the role of public policies and social safety nets in shaping these outcomes. Furthermore, we assess the potential consequences of these redistribution patterns on income inequality, poverty rates, and the overall economic stability in aging societies. Understanding the dynamics of intergenerational redistribution is crucial for policymakers and stakeholders as they grapple with the challenges posed by aging populations. This study contributes valuable insights to the ongoing discourse on how to ensure fairness and sustainability in an aging society and emphasizes the importance of creating policies that foster intergenerational equity and support the well-being of individuals across all age groups. The study was carried out within the project 20.80009.0807.21 "Migration, demographic changes and stabilization policy", 2020-2023.
Digitalization of entrepreneurship capacity building for rural areas of the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Babin Anatolie , Covalenco Ion , Tutunaru Sergiu
Published: April 2024

Rural areas are in greater need than ever to improve their quality of life through digital skills and competence. Purpose of the study: to explore European practices and approaches to entrepreneurship education based on digital skills and competencies that contribute to building entrepreneurial capacity in rural areas. Methodology: bibliographic study of the Living Lab approach, based on electronic interaction university - business, and university - public administration, result-oriented, allowing simulation of entrepreneurial situations in learning environments that contribute to the improvement of digital skills in the development of entrepreneurship. Research from European experience shows that this model of a cyber-physical system of electronic interaction between government agencies, farms, secondary school students, and universities, forming areas of smart infrastructure, can effectively influence the strengthening of the political and educational participation of civil society organizations and business in the decision-making process. Interdisciplinary research is needed to collaboratively track and measure the outcomes of digital entrepreneurship skills training using the Living Lab approach, organizations, and students after completion of projects and programs. Research results: for the effective implementation of the “European Village” program in the regions of the Republic of Moldova, it is proposed to use the effects of European and international influence on the development of local communities, such as: identifying the added value of using digital solutions and dividing them into target audiences: local administrations, technology providers and citizens; creating visual materials and infographics to help visualize complex technical characteristics of solutions and services. Targeted learning groups will be able to access new open educational resources (OER), massive open online courses (MOOCs), and other digital tools being developed by the EU Joint Research Centre.
Какие навыки нужны маркетологам в условиях цифровизации экономики? Ожидания предпринимателей
Authors: Gagauz Valeriu
Published: April 2024

Rapid digital changes, the digitalization of entrepreneurship and marketing, present new challenges to marketers, demanding updated skills and strategies. With the growth of online commerce, entrepreneurs are now competing in the digital space, making professional skills in digital marketing crucial for their success. Based on a sociological study conducted by the author in May-June 2023 among Moldovan entrepreneurs, the perceptions and expectations of entrepreneurs regarding marketing were explored. The in-demand marketing services and also offers some recommendations for improving training in the field of marketing are analyzed. Business representatives assign a wide range of activities to marketers, including continuous monitoring of supply and demand changes, customer interactions and analytics, product and service promotion, understanding and optimizing websites for search engines, creating high-quality content, competitor analysis, and more. The primary expectations of entrepreneurs are to attract new customers and increase sales volume as entrepreneurs prioritize the expansion of their customer base and increasing revenue, which are key indicators of success for most companies. Large enterprises are more focused on brand recognition, market share expansion, and the introduction of new products and services. Meanwhile, small and medium-sized business owners aim to enhance their company's image and increase profitability. The study also identifies the challenges that entrepreneurs face in digitizing their marketing activities. This underscores the complexity of adapting to new digital requirements and the need to acquire new knowledge and approaches. Small and medium-sized business owners, often acting as the marketers of their companies due to limited resources, themselves require knowledge in the field of digital marketing. Based on the findings, the author concludes that there is a need for a broader application of innovative teaching methods in the training and retraining of marketing professionals.
Profitability and financial structure of bathing establishments: an initial international comparison
Authors: Migliaccio Guido , Meninno Miriam
Published: April 2024

The pandemic has had a devastating effect on tourism, although it has subsided during the summer months. The sector is economically important in many countries, where bathing is a major attraction. Purpose: The research analyses the economic and financial dynamics of bathing establishments over the last decade in three European nations where bathing tourism is widespread: Italy, Spain, and Portugal. Research Methods: The financial statements of a sample of 5,382 bathing establishments, mainly Italian, for the decade 2012-2021 were analysed, illustrating the average trend in Profit Margin and Financial Leverage. The data were subjected to statistical processing. The ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer methods were used for cross-country comparisons. Results: The companies analysed are all small in the number of employees. They have an uneven profit margin, especially in the Iberian nations. Spain was most affected by the pandemic. There are no significant differences between the different geographical areas concerning profitability, which has a more constant trend in Italy. The financial situation is unstable over the decade considered, as the leverage values, expressed in percentage terms, show excessive indebtedness. There are evident significant differences between the countries examined, with Spain being the area most different. Implications: This study implements the modest economic literature on these companies. Quantitative research highlights the high profits that justify proliferation. Public policies should be attentive to the sector that implements the national GDP. The Italian situation, where establishments are more widespread than in the other two countries, can be a useful reference for all countries that want to exploit their coasts for tourism.
Leasing benefits in global economy
Authors: Melchionda Mariano
Published: April 2024

Leasing may be considered the most important legal institution that was rarely encountered before World War II and has more recently exploded on a worldwide basis, with everything from autos to farm equipment to airplanes being leased. This chapter examines the tax, financial, and management benefits of leasing and its main sectors application according to the new standard IFRS 16 of the International Accounting Standard Boards (IASB). Tax benefits are one of the main reasons the lessee performs a leasing operation, especially thanks to accelerated depreciation. The financial advantages are those that guarantee a constant income to leasing companies over time established by the contracts. Management benefits, on the other hand, ensure a faster investigation phase than other forms of financing. It also examines the role that leasing plays in these sectors: Instrumental, distinguishing between operational and financial instrumental leasing; Mobile cars where we distinguish passenger cars from commercial or industrial vehicles; Naval and railway, with a strong incidence in the airline sector, by the most recent companies that operate with giants that have been present for longer on the market; Real estate, distinguishing between built and to be built; Commodities 4.0 high-tech and innovative, that have stimulated companies to revive the economy by investing in new technology assets to continue to compete.
Principalele tendințe în demografia întreprinderilor în Republica Moldova
Authors: Novac Alexandra
Published: April 2024

Business demography allows the performance of businesses in the economy to be measured. Understanding the processes and dynamics underlying the creation, survival, and death of businesses can provide important insight into business behavior, and the mechanisms for generating new jobs and ensuring better economic development at national and regional levels. The analysis of the enterprises’ birth and death events provides the necessary information on the challenges faced by enterprises and implicitly represents a basis for entrepreneurship development. The purpose of the undertaken research is to analyze the available indicators of the enterprises’ demography in the Republic of Moldova for the period 2016-2020 at the national and regional levels. Research techniques are based on secondary data analysis, comparison, grouping, chain indices, dynamic series, and figures. The results indicate a negative dynamic of the population of enterprises in recent years, with an average death rate of enterprises, which exceeds the birth enterprises rate.
The integrated web portal “Lacucinacampana.IT” for rural development: an evolving project
Authors: Migliaccio Guido , Lausi Carmine , Baldi Mariano
Published: April 2024

Rural areas in Italy account for more than 90% of the national land area: in many of them, which are mainly dedicated to agriculture, poor socio-economic development is causing depopulation phenomena, so new means must be sought to develop the agri-food sector. The study highlights the role of ICT in the development of rural areas, describing, in particular, the functions of an innovative web portal that promotes typical food and “food & wine” tourism. Case study. We describe the design of the new web portal 'lacucinacampana.it', relating to a southern Italian region (Campania), which is, however, exportable to any area wishing to promote agri-food products. The portal intends to offer in an integrated manner all contents related to typical food from Campania: food products with their suppliers, local dishes with the restaurateurs that offer them, associated places with their tourist attractions, itineraries, food and wine experiences. All content is available in 11 languages to expand the online market and facilitate foreign tourists in Italy. The portal promotes the sale of typical food products and wine and food tourism, which are fundamental levers for the development of rural areas. This study complements the modest literature on portals used for agricultural development. It can act as a driver for fur ther developments in ICT technologies for agricultural development. The research highlights significant potential for gains for the suppliers registered for the portal, which should be brought to the attention of public policy and trade associations.
The relationships between sustainable rural development and agro-tourism: examples from Türkiye
Authors: Eşitti Bekir
Published: April 2024

Sustainable rural development aims to provide an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable development in rural areas and agro-tourism aims to evaluate the tourism potential of agricultural rural areas to make economic gains for the local people through tourism activities. Agricultural tourism integrates agricultural activities with tourism in rural areas and enables tourists to communicate with locals and experience agriculture-themed experiences. Tourism activities such as the sale of locally produced agricultural products that tourists are interested in, the organization of agricultural tours to show the production stages and accommodation revitalize the rural economy. This supports sustainable rural development. The culture, lifestyle, customs and traditions of the local people living in the countryside are introduced to the tourists and their cultural exchange takes place during agricultural tourism. In this way, interest in products that symbolize culture arises and economic benefits emerge. Agritourism, in particular, supports organic agriculture without the use of pesticides, operates in accordance with environmental sustainability principles such as sustainable agricultural practices and nature protection. This ensures the protection of natural resources in rural areas without harming the environment. In short, rural areas can become touristic attractions thanks to agricultural tourism. With the development of agricultural activities and other services in agricultural regions where tourists show great interest, new job opportunities arise, that is, economic, social and infrastructural development can be realized. From this point of view, it can be said that there is a reciprocal relationship between the understanding of sustainable rural development and agricultural tourism. Agritourism, while solving the economic, social and environmental problems in rural areas, also ensures that agriculture continues in a sustainable way. This contributes to the economy of the locals and sustainable development in rural areas. In this study, examples of sustainable rural development and agricultural tourism practices in Turkey are also discussed.
Comparative study on the trend of evolution of labour resources in agriculture in Romania and the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Ursu Ana
Published: April 2024

In the current context of global demographic developments, there are concerns about the growth of the world's population relative to available resources, as well as concerns about climate change on a national and global scale and poverty as a factor holding back a nation's economic prosperity. The study aims to present a multitude of statistical indicators of human development and labour resources in agriculture in order to facilitate both the analysis of the current situation and the shaping of appropriate trends in agricultural labour resources. Statistical data as well as specific documentary sources are used for the study and the methodological approach will be from demographic, economic, social, technological and environmental perspectives. The major findings showed that labour resources in agriculture of the two countries are facing similar major challenges, and their increasing or decreasing trends are influenced by the same determinants.
Managementul finanicar al învățământului superior agronomic în Republica Moldova
Authors: Cimpoies Liliana , Sarbu Olga
Published: April 2024

The educational system plays a pivotal role in fostering sustainable development and cultivating a knowledge-based society. A primary goal of the higher education system is to equip individuals with the skills and competencies essential for success in the workforce and the pursuit of a fulfilling professional trajectory. Moldova faces ubstantial obstacles in the field of agricultural education and research, related to aging teaching and research workforce, a diminishing enrollment in agricultural programs, and a disinterest in science and education among its youth. Consequently, these challenges collectively contribute to a shortage of skilled agricultural labor. This paper aims to assess the current economic and financial state of Moldova's agricultural higher education system by examining data collected from the State Agrarian University of Moldova. The analysis will center on various economic and financial management indicators, such as income, expenditure, revenue, and profit. The analyzed data are from 2017 to 2021. Most of the funding for the agricultural higher education institution came from budget sources, accounting for approximately 73% of the total revenue. These budgetary resources were allocated for educational services, primarily covering undergraduate education. Income from research and innovation projects, while relatively modest compared to other sources, showed opportunities for growth through grants and donations from different organizations. Among expenses, personnel costs register the largest share. Increasing revenues and reducing expenses are fundamental strategies for enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of any organization, including agronomic higher education institutions and enterprises. Diversification of income sources, research and innovations, efficient resource utilization are some revenues increases sources. Expenses reduction is possible through cost control, energy and resource efficiency, maintenance and asset management, budget planning, personnel management etc.
Agricultura ecologică – ramură strategică pentru dezvoltarea durabilă a agriculturii în Republica Moldova
Authors: Cimpoies Liliana , Cosalic Diana
Published: April 2024

Among the trends in the development of the sustainable agriculture, the field of "ecological agriculture" has a priority role, because the European Union policies also place an increased emphasis on the development of the ecological agriculture. Thus, EU member countries have approved, as a priority objective, the increase of the agricultural areas in the ecological system up to 25% of the total cultivated areas, by the end of 2030. Unfortunately, Republic of Moldova didn’t align such an objective, however, the concept of developing the ecological agriculture came out in the early 90s when The Professor Boris Boincean – the promoter of agricultural science, developed the sustainable agriculture in the Republic of Moldova. This branch is a very promising one, for an impressive number of enterprises in the Republic of Moldova, due to the effects of the climate changes, lower production cost, in comparison to the conventional agriculture and the rapidly global growing demand for organic products. The Ecological products also have a positive impact over the employment process, therefore, it has a very low impact on the environment, and it encourages: responsible use of the energy and natural resources; preservation of biodiversity; preservation of the ecological balances; increasing soil fertility; maintaining water quality. As producers and processors from the Republic of Moldova seek to capitalize these opportunities, the Government is making considerable efforts to create favorable conditions for the development of this sector.
The multifunctional role of protective forest strips around and inside agricultural fields
Authors: Cojocaru Olesea , Bostan Rodica
Published: April 2024

The experience of international research demonstrates the high efficiency of protective forest strips around arable land (Current et al., 1995; Hillbrand et al., 2017). However, in our country, the problem of the economic substantiation of the effectiveness of these measures prevents their development and the reason is the low attractiveness for the owners of the agricultural lands that are prone to the erosion process, despite their major importance. To save such an agroecosystem, provision should be made for the establishment of protective forest strips on arable land. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of protective forest strips in the rehabilitation of arable land, as an effective stimulus in sustainable development, environmental security in the agricultural sector and the reduction of agricultural land degradation. For sloping arable land, the study shows that the parameters of the properties of the agroecosystems protected by the forest strips, regulate the dynamic values of soil water reserves and maintain its quality. The action of main indicators of the effectiveness of anti-erosion measures depend on the area, the slope of the arable land, the danger of erosion, and the characteristics of the investigated soil.
Sustainable agriculture models in the agribusiness sector, hints at the livestock supply chain
Authors: Bacco Anna
Published: April 2024

The paper analyzes International and European documents related to Sustainable Agriculture. Among others: The FAO International Treaty on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture; The proceedings of the Rio +20 Conference (20-22June 2012); The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with 17 SDGs is to be achieved by 2030 by the United Nations General Assembly. In it, Goal 2, ending hunger, achieving food security, improving nutrition, and promoting sustainable agriculture, deserves attention; The Marrakech Conference (2016) of the United Nations on Climate Change (COP22); The "New Strategic Agenda for the five years 2019 -2024. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) 2023-2027. Also mentions the National Strategy for Sustainable Development and the Reports of the Italian Alliance for Sustainable Development. Examples of sustainable agriculture are highlighted in the livestock agribusiness sector in Campania, Italy, in which several companies are showing a growing willingness toward productive modernization aimed at achieving economic, social, and environmental development with a focus on Sustainable Development. In this area, the case of a buffalo farm that ensures sustainable food production systems and applies resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and strengthen resilience to climate change is presented. Several technological innovations are taken over on the same farm, such as a buffalo milking plant, Vms (Voluntary milking systems) that enables animal welfare, is a plant for producing green energy from processing waste.
Importanța diversificării agriculturii Republicii Moldova în condițiile geopolitce actuale
Authors: Turetchi Viorel
Published: April 2024

Economic, political and social crises, as well as frequent natural disasters, have a significant impact on agricultural entrepreneurial activity. The chronic lack of financial and labour resources, the modernization and slow implementation of innovative production technologies, as well as the low level of professional training of specialists in the respective field have significantly limited the range of agricultural crops grown in our country. As a result, cereal crops of the first and second groups are grown on two-thirds of the total arable area, technical crops - about a third, and vegetables and other oil crops occupy tiny areas. The given structure guarantees annually the obtaining of quantities of grain that exceed two to three times what is needed to provide for the population of our country. Therefore, this grain surplus is exported to foreign markets as a raw material, the realization price being very low. At the same time, in the context of the war in Ukraine, the international market is oversaturated with grain production of Ukrainian origin, transited through the territory of our country and sold at low prices. Consequently, domestic farmers found themselves unable to produce even at the respective prices. The given situation perfectly reflects the vulnerability of the narrow specialization of the domestic agricultural sector, the lack of a genuine value chain, the inability to maintain a high level of production, emphasizing, at the same time, the need to diversify the national agricultural sector.
Asigurarea securității alimentare a statului: cine și pentru ce este responsabil?
Authors: Bajura Tudor , Gandacova Svetlana
Published: April 2024

Along with other forms of security (for example – military, epidemiological, cyber security, etc.) the food security of the country's population constitutes an area of major importance regarding the successful activity of state governing bodies. Obviously, this level of importance becomes much higher under the conditions of the simultaneous appearance and operation of several risk phenomena, some of which are reflected in the given article. According to the analysis carried out, in the considerable number of publications on the subject addressed, there are practically no attempts to classify and systematize the responsibilities of the governors regarding combating (at least – contracting) risk phenomena, especially (as already mentioned), in cases of their simultaneous appearance and operation. As a consequence, a large part of problems remains not only intact, but also undetected, turning the negative consequences of their action into difficult or even impossible to solve. The aim of the paper. The scientifically argued identification and classification of the of different hierarchical levels of governmental powers, aimed at ensuring the indisputable food security of the country under the simultaneous influence of different risk groups, constitutes the main purpose of this research. The methods applied. The methodological basis of the research is the general theory of management, including general and strategic management, the evaluation of business and investment projects, economic grouping, the formation of dynamic chains, comparison, etc. The statistical data of the NBS of the Republic of Moldova, the results of the scientific research of the scientists, the monographic analysis, the informative materials, reflected on the specialized pages (special software) and others, were used as the informational support. The relevant results Three hierarchical levels of responsibility of the governing bodies (and civil society) of responsibility for ensuring the food security of the country were identified, consecutively, appropriate tools and economic mechanisms were established to measure, later – evaluate, the practical results of their activity.
Meditare despre folosirea terenurilor destinate agriculturii în Republica Moldova
Authors: Certan Ion
Published: April 2024

The decision of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova of July 25, 1990 qualified "...the transition to the market economy as a model of economy...". The development of the economy essentially depends on agriculture, which for all countries was, is and will be the support of human existence and, therefore, constitutes the strongest balancing factor in harmonizing the development of the state. It is no coincidence that one of the first normative acts adopted on February 15, 1991 by the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova was the Concept of agrarian reform and the socio-economic development of the village. The development of agriculture is influenced by the available resources, primarily by the natural potential which, as P. Bran states [1,20], participates with the "force of its laws and its "goodnesses", substance (s), energy (e) and information (i), goods in a natural state, ``manufactured'' by the physical, chemical, and biological movement of matter''. It is no coincidence that the Concept mentions that "the main link of the agrarian reform is the reform of land relations", aimed at "the demonopolization of state ownership of land and, as a result, the recognition of land as a commodity, the affirmation in practice of different types of ownership in agriculture" In this article, the authors present a modest study on the evolution of agricultural lands and come up with some proposals aimed at using them more rationally.
Este România pregătită pentru strategia națională de bioeconomie?
Authors: Voicilas Dan-Marius
Published: April 2024

The term "bioeconomy" is a new concept mainly used after 2000, when it was introduced into literature and policy by Christian Patermann. The purpose of the paper is to present the level of development of the bioeconomy in Romania considering the opportunities offered by the concept and the challenges that may arise during the process, in the current difficult international context, such as climate change, Covid-19. pandemic, war in Ukraine, etc. The official documents of the EC and other European institutions with attributions in the field, national documents from Romania, but also results and documents of the BIOEAST Initiative and the BIOEASTsUP Project were used. To achieve the proposed objectives, a review of the specialized literature, a text analysis of the studies and documents in this field were carried out. The study highlights the main characteristics, opportunities, and challenges of the country, in a regional and EU context. The results of the analysis show the benefits of changes in national strategies. There are important factors that can be decisive to solving all the problems we face today. Therefore, the opportunity to develop a bioeconomy strategy in accordance with EU regulations should not be lost, so that it is approved and operational during the 2021-2027 programming period, and EU funds for this purpose can be accessed. The National Bioeconomy Strategy for Romania is in the first stage of development.
Примеры оценки типов воспроизводства сельскохозяйственной продукции в АТО Гагаузия
Authors: Parmacli Dmitrii , Dudoglo Tatiana , Todorici Liudmila
Published: April 2024

The production of fruits and grapes are traditional branches of agricultural production for ATU Gagauzia. That is why it is important to investigate the type of reproduction of the products of these crops. A characteristic feature of the reproduction of products in agriculture is that weather and climatic conditions have a direct impact on the results of the production activities of the enterprise and its efficiency. In crop production, an important condition for ensuring high production efficiency is to obtain high yields of products, i.e. fuller use of the potential of land productivity and the biological potential of plants. However, the indicators of output per unit area do not directly characterize the state of the level of management on earth. Quite in demand, both in theoretical and practical aspects, is the development of a methodology for assessing the economic independence of commodity producers capable of both simple and extended reproduction, and which would be available for practical use by specialists of agricultural enterprises and at the same time would reflect modern approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the level land management.
Методические особенности анализа динамики производства подсолнечника
Authors: Parmacli Dmitrii , Dudoglo Tatiana , Todorici Liudmila
Published: April 2024

It is emphasized that sunflower production in the ATU Gagauzia of the Republic of Moldova is the most promising industry. In terms of sown area, this crop is second only to winter wheat. The purpose of the study is to propose a methodology for assessing the state of the dynamics of sunflower production, confirming its features on specific examples from practice. In the course of the study, economic-statistical and graphical methods were used. The gross sunflower harvest in the autonomy increased from 15,076 tons in 2000 to 87,986 tons in 2021, or more than 5.8 times. As the trend equation for the study period shows, on average per year, the yield of seeds per hectare of crops increased by 0.518 c/ha and reached 24.6 c/ha by 2021. The gross harvest of sunflower increased annually by 2704 tons and amounted to 35.7 thousand tons by the end of the period. Calculations show that the yield variation coefficient reached 29.4%, and the gross harvest is even higher - 47.5%. This means that crop cultivation is concentrated in areas of unstable agriculture. In view of the high profitability, only in 2007 the yield of sunflower seeds per hectare of sowing falls below the critical level and approximately one year out of 5-6 reaches a favorable value. The methodology is presented and the forecast values for 2022 of yield and gross harvest are calculated. It is noted that the presented methodology for analyzing the dynamics of sunflower production indicators is quite simple to use and therefore can be successfully used both for educational purposes and by practitioners.
Con gli occhi della mente
Authors: Bresciani Califano Mimma (Vincenza)
Published: April 2024

If scientific thought can fully enough represent the world around us, literature can also be moved by the same interest. Scientific and philosophical theories present themselves and come to the aid as tools for reinterpreting the world whenever literature is experienced as an instrument useful to contribute to the advancement of knowledge. Here we examine the problems raised by the second scientific revolution at the beginning of the twentieth century and the linguistic turn of a literature that tells of man in depth, in his complexity, and in his contradictions. There are also collected essays on two particularly significant writers, Italo Calvino and Primo Levi, who have probed the fields of science in a relevant way and have contributed to increasing our knowledge.