bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiplicity of Solutions to a Concave–Convex Problem
Authors: Lis José C. Sabina de , León Sergio Segura de
Published: March 2016

This paper studies two related problems. A first one,

where Δpu = div(|∇u|p−2∇u) stands for the p-Laplacian operator, Ω is a ball in ℝN, ν stands for the outer unit normal and λ > 0 is a parameter. Exponents are supposed to satisfy 1 < q < p < r ≤ p*, p* = N p/(N − p) if 1 < p < N, p* = ∞ otherwise. The existence of Λ > 0 is shown so that (P) does not admit positive solutions if λ > Λ, a minimal positive solution exists when 0 < λ ≤ Λ and most importantly, a further second positive solution arises if 0 < λ < Λ. Hence, extensions of results in [2], [3], [12] and [13] in the framework of (P) are provided. The second problem considered is the variant of (P):

where Ω is a ball and 1 < q < p < r. Features described above are shown to be also exhibited by (Q) and more importantly, it is proved that minimal solutions to (Q) develop flat patterns in the degenerate regime p > 2. Finally, it should be stressed that some of the properties satisfied by (P) and (Q) hold true when Ω is a general smooth domain.
The p-Laplace Equation in Domains with Multiple Crack Section via Pencil Operators
Authors: Álvarez-Caudevilla Pablo , Galaktionov Victor A.
Published: March 2016

The p-Laplace equation

∇ · (|∇u|p−2∇u) = 0, where p > 2,

in a bounded domain Ω ⊂ ℝ2, with inhomogeneous Dirichlet conditions on the smooth boundary ∂Ω is considered. In addition, there is a finite collection of curves

Γ = Γ1 ∪ ... ∪ Γm ⊂ Ω, on which we assume homogeneous Dirichlet conditions u = 0,

modeling a multiple crack formation, focusing at the origin 0 ∈ Ω. This makes the above quasilinear elliptic problem overdetermined. Possible types of the behaviour of solution u(x, y) at the tip 0 of such admissible multiple cracks, being a “singularity” point, are described, on the basis of blow-up scaling techniques and a “nonlinear eigenvalue problem” via spectral theory of pencils of non self-adjoint operators. Specially interesting is the application of those techniques to non-linear problems as the one considered here.

To do so we introduce a very novel change of variable compared with the classical one introduced by Kondratiev for the analysis of non-smooth domains, such as domains with corner points, edges, etc, studying the behaviour of the solutions at those problematic points. Typical types of admissible cracks are shown to be governed by nodal sets of a countable family of nonlinear eigenfunctions, which are obtained via branching from harmonic polynomials that occur for p = 2. Using a combination of analytic and numerical methods, saddle-node bifurcations in p are shown to occur for those nonlinear eigenvalues/ eigenfunctions.
Radial Solutions of the Dirichlet Problem for the Prescribed Mean Curvature Equation in a Robertson-Walker Spacetime
Authors: Fuente Daniel de la , Romero Alfonso , Torres Pedro J.
Published: March 2016

We consider the prescribed mean curvature problem of spacelike graphs in Robertson- Walker spacetimes of flat fiber with homogeneous Dirichlet conditions on an Euclidean ball. Under reasonable assumptions, it is shown that every possible solution must be radially symmetric. Besides, an existence result for a singular nonlinear equation is proved by making use of the classical Schauder fixed point Theorem. The results are applied to realistic examples of Robertson-Walker spacetimes.
Nodal Solutions for a Class of Degenerate Boundary Value Problems
Authors: López-Gómez J. , Rabinowitz P. H.
Published: March 2016

This paper studies the existence of nodal solutions for a class of boundary value problems that arise in population dynamics models. These problems are degenerate in the sense that the nonlinear term vanishes in a subinterval of the underlying region. In contrast to the non-degenerate case, in these degenerate situations the structure of the set of nodal solutions might consist of several components, making the analysis of this problem more complicated. This paper provides an initial step towards the solution of this general problem.
Five Gaps in Mathematics
Authors: Bahri Abbas
Published: March 2016

In this article we present a careful survey and critique of 5 landmark results and methods that seem to have played a pivotal role in the development of Mathematics since 1984. This article conveys the slow development of our understanding over the years and could not have been possible without the numerous communications with some authors of these articles as well as conversations with other friends and collaborators. The key contribution and the kindness of these colleagues is hereby gratefully acknowledged.
Stable Transition Layers to Singularly Perturbed Spatially Inhomogeneous Allen-Cahn Equation
Authors: Nascimento Arnaldo Simal do , Sônego Maicon
Published: March 2016

We use the variational concept of Γ-convergence to prove existence, stability and exhibit the geometric structure of four families of stationary solutions to the singularly perturbed parabolic equation ut = ε2Δu + u[a2(x) − u2], for (t, x) ∈ ℝ+ × Ω, where Ω ⊂ ℝ2 and a is positive, supplied with no-flux boundary condition. Let γ ⊂ Ω be a smooth simple closed curve and N(γ) a narrow tubular neighborhood of γ. Roughly speaking, the sufficient condition found for existence of such solutions relates the geometric profile of the function a in N(γ) to the signed curvature of γ .
Liouville-type Theorems for Polyharmonic Hénon-Lane-Emden System
Authors: Phan Quoc Hung
Published: March 2016

We study Liouville-type theorem for polyharmonic Hénon-Lane-Emden system (−Δ)mu = |x|avp, (−Δ)mv = |x|buqwhen m, p, q ≥ 1, pq ≠ 1, and a, b ≥ 0. It is a natural conjecture that the nonexistence of positive solutions should be true if and only if (N + a)/(p + 1)+ (N + b)/(q + 1) > N − 2m. It is shown by Fazly[6] that the conjecture holds for radial solutions in all dimensions and for classical solutions in dimension N ≤ 2m + 1. We here give some partial results in dimension N ≥ 2m + 2.
A Pseudo-gradient Flow Arising In Contact Form Geometry
Authors: Xu Yongzhong
Published: March 2016

In this work we construct a pseudo-gradient flow on a subspace Cβ of the dual Legendrian curves on a closed contact 3-manifold. These results improve and refine earlier results proved in this framework by A. Bahri [3]. The variational problem involved is not compact, thus asymptotes and critical points at infinity might occur. The flow in this work deforms curves in Cβ into a special set Uk∈ℕ Γ2k of curves at infinity and thus allows us a better understanding of this non-compact problem.
Borderline Variational Problems Involving Fractional Laplacians and Critical Singularities
Authors: Ghoussoub Nassif , Shakerian Shaya
Published: March 2016

We consider the problem of attainability of the best constant C > 0 in the following critical fractional Hardy-Sobolev inequality: For all ,

,

where and γ ∈ ℝ. This allows us to establish the existence of nontrivial weak solutions for the following doubly critical problem on ℝn,

,

where is the critical α-fractional Sobolev exponent, and , the latter being the best fractional Hardy constant on ℝn.
Infinitely Many Spiky Solutions for a Hénon Type Biharmonic Equation with Critical Growth
Authors: Hao Jianghao , Zhang Yajing , Chen Xinfu
Published: March 2016

Following the constructive method of Wei and Yan [29], with new ingredients to take care of high-space dimensions, we prove the existence of infinitely many solutions of the nonlinear biharmonic equation in the unit ball of ℝn (n ≥ 6, α > 0) with the Navier conditions v = Δv = 0 on the boundary.
Multiplicity of Positive Solutions for Second Order Nonlinear Dirichlet Problem with One-dimension Minkowski-Curvature Operator
Authors: Ma Ruyun , Lu Yanqiong
Published: March 2016

In this work, we study the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions for nonlinear Dirichlet problem with one-dimension Minkowski-curvature operator

,

where k > 0 is a constant, λ > 0 is a parameter and f : [0,∞) → ℝ is continuous. We apply the quadrature arguments to prove how changes in the sign of f (u) lead to multiple positive solutions of the above problem for sufficiently large λ.
Initial Trace of Solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi Parabolic Equation with Absorption
Authors: Bidaut-Véron Marie-Françoise , Dao Nguyen Anh
Published: March 2016

In this article we study the initial trace problem for the nonnegative solutions of equation

ut − Δu + |∇u|q = 0

in QΩ,T = Ω ×(0, T) , where q > 0, and Ω = ℝN, or Ω is a bounded domain of ℝN and u = 0 on ∂Ω × (0, T) . We define the trace at t = 0 as a Borel measure (S, u0), infinite on a closed set S, where u0 is a Radon measure on Ω\S. We prove that the trace is a Radon measure when q ≦1. We study the existence for q ∈ (1, (N +2)/(N +1) and any given (S, u0). When S = ω̅ Ⴖ Ω(ω ⊂ ΩΩ, ω open) existence is valid for q ≦ 2 when u0 ∈ Lloc
1 loc (Ω) , for q > 1 when u0 = 0. In particular there exists a self-similar nonradial solution with trace (ℝN+, 0), with a growth rate of order |x|q/(q−1) as |x| → ∞ for fixed t. Moreover the solutions with trace (ω̅, 0) in , may present a growth rate of order t−1/(q−1) in ω and of order t−(2−q)/(q−1) on ∂ω.
Infinitely Many Solutions for Mixed Elliptic Problems Involving the p−Laplacian
Authors: Bonanno Gabriele , D’Aguí Giuseppina , Papageorgiou Nikolaos S.
Published: March 2016

In this paper the existence of infinitely many solutions for nonlinear elliptic problems involving the p-Laplacian operator with mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions is established. The key assumption is a suitable oscillating behavior, either at infinity or at zero, of the nonlinearity. The approach is based on the critical point theory.
Weighted Fractional Sobolev Inequality in ℝ
N
Authors: Chen Xiaoli , Yang Jianfu
Published: March 2016

In this paper, we show that the minimizing problem

Λ

s
,
N
,
k
,
α

=

inf

u
∈

H
˙

s

⁢

(

ℝ
N

)

,

u
≢
0

⁡

∫

ℝ
N

|

(

-
Δ

)

s
2

⁢
u
⁢

(
x
)

|

2

⁢

𝑑
x

(

∫

ℝ
N

|

u
⁢

(
x
)

|

2

s
,
α

*

|
y
|

α

⁢

𝑑
x

)

2

2

s
,
α

*

$\Lambda_{s,N,k,\alpha}=\inf_{u\in\dot{H}^{s}(\mathbb{R}^{N}),u\not\equiv 0}% \frac{\int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}}|(-\Delta)^{\frac{s}{2}}u(x)|^{2}\,dx}{\bigl{(}\int% _{\mathbb{R}^{N}}\frac{|u(x)|^{2^{*}_{s,\alpha}}}{|y|^{\alpha}}\,dx\bigr{)}^{% \frac{2}{2^{*}_{s,\alpha}}}}$

is achieved by a positive, cylindrically symmetric and strictly decreasing function

u
⁢

(
x
)

${u(x)}$

provided

0
<
s
<

N
2

${0<s<\frac{N}{2}}$

,

0
<
α
<

2
⁢
s

${0<\alpha<2s}$

, where

x
=

(
y
,
z
)

∈

ℝ
k

×

ℝ

N
-
k

${x=(y,z)\in\mathbb{R}^{k}\times\mathbb{R}^{N-k}}$

and

2

s
,
α

*

=

2
⁢

(

N
-
α

)

N
-

2
⁢
s

${2^{*}_{s,\alpha}=\frac{2(N-\alpha)}{N-2s}}$

. Decaying laws for the minimizer u are also established.
Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of macerated vessels of 23 mixed tropical hardwood (MTH) species: a data collection for the identification of wood species in pulp and paper
Authors: Helmling Stephanie , Olbrich Andrea , Tepe Lena , Koch Gerald
Published: March 2016

The identification of wood species in paper products is highly important for the enforcement of the newly established timber regulations regarding the control of illegal logging. In the context of European Timber Regulation (EUTR), in the present paper a database has been established containing reference samples and anatomical descriptions for the identification of 23 tropical timbers from Southeast Asia in pulp and paper products. The vessel elements and fibers of these mixed tropical hardwoods (MTH) were characterized by light microscopy. The woods in focus were macerated, embedded and compared visually and statistically. The collected microscopic data and images are helpful for the identification of the wood species used for paper production.
Reduction of aldehydes and terpenes within pine wood by microbial activity
Authors: Widhalm Bernhard , Ters Thomas , Srebotnik Ewald , Rieder-Gradinger Cornelia
Published: March 2016

Aldehydes and terpenes are the most frequently emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the wood-processing industry. These emissions are classified as injurious to health and hazardous to the environment. To address this problem, the growth conditions have been identified under which bacteria extensively degrade both aldehydes and particularly terpenes in pine wood particles as a raw material for the production of particle boards. In this study, the focus was on pentanal and hexanal (aldehydes) as well as α- and β-pinene (terpenes). Bacterial strains were selected for their ability to metabolize α-pinene as single carbon source in liquid culture medium. α-Pinene degradation was then determined by gas chromatography (GC) analysis. Strains belonging to the genus Pseudomonas showed the best results (98% degradation after 72 h). Comparably good results were also achieved with the thermophilic strain Bacillus pallidus (90% degradation) at 55°C. Furthermore, an adapted mixed culture of Pseudomonas species was inoculated onto wood particles and incubated at room temperature for 3 days. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) measurements of emitted volatiles and subsequent gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis indicated a complete removal (100%) of aldehydes and, even more importantly, α- and β-pinene. Pre-treatment of unsterile pine wood particles with Pseudomonas species may have potential for industrial application.
Physics-Based Constitutive Model to Predict Dynamic Recovery Behavior of BFe10-1-2 Cupronickel Alloy during Hot Working
Authors: Cai Jun , Zhang Xiaolu , Wang Kuaishe , Miao Chengpeng
Published: March 2016

The hot deformation behavior of BFe10-1-2 cupronickel alloy was investigated over wide ranges of deformation temperature and strain rate. The physics-based constitutive model was developed to predict the dynamic recovery (DRV) behavior of BFe10-1-2 cupronickel alloy at elevated temperatures. In order to verify the validity of the developed constitutive equation, the correlation coefficient (R) and average absolute relative error (AARE) were introduced to make statistics. The results indicated that the developed constitutive equation lead a good agreement between the calculated and experimental data and can accurately characterize the hot DRV behaviors for the BFe10-1-2 cupronickel alloy.
Modeling the Hot Deformation Behaviors of As-Extruded 7075 Aluminum Alloy by an Artificial Neural Network with Back-Propagation Algorithm
Authors: Quan Guo-zheng , Zou Zhen-yu , Wang Tong , Liu Bo , Li Jun-chao
Published: March 2016

In order to investigate the hot deformation behaviors of as-extruded 7075 aluminum alloy, the isothermal compressive tests were conducted at the temperatures of 573, 623, 673 and 723 K and the strain rates of 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 s−1 on a Gleeble 1500 thermo-mechanical simulator. The flow behaviors showing complex characteristics are sensitive to strain, strain rate and temperature. The effects of strain, temperature and strain rate on flow stress were analyzed and dynamic recrystallization (DRX)-type softening characteristics of the flow behaviors with single peak were identified. An artificial neural network (ANN) with back-propagation (BP) algorithm was developed to deal with the complex deformation behavior characteristics based on the experimental data. The performance of ANN model has been evaluated in terms of correlation coefficient (R) and average absolute relative error (AARE). A comparative study on Arrhenius-type constitutive equation and ANN model for as-extruded 7075 aluminum alloy was conducted. Finally, the ANN model was successfully applied to the development of processing map and implanted into finite element simulation. The results have sufficiently articulated that the well-trained ANN model with BP algorithm has excellent capability to deal with the complex flow behaviors of as-extruded 7075 aluminum alloy and has great application potentiality in hot deformation processes.
Preparation of Co3O4 Nanostructures via a Hydrothermal- Assisted Thermal Treatment Method by Using of New Precursors
Authors: Gholamrezaei Sousan , Salavati-Niasari Masoud , Hadadzadeh Hassan , Behnamfar Mohammad Taghi
Published: March 2016

Co3O4 nanostructures have been synthesized via a hydrothermal-assisted thermal treatment process. A new complex formulated as [Co(py)2(H2O)2(NO3)2] was synthesized, and then used to prepare Co3O4 nanostructures. Cubic phase of spinel Co3O4 nanostructures with particle size of about 39 nm could be produced after calcination of the Co(OH)2 materials prepared with hydrothermal method at 160 °C for 15 h. Using of inorganic precursors decreased the time and temperature of Co3O4 preparation. The effect of pH on the morphology of the product s synthesized by hydrothermal reactions was investigated. It was found that the best morphology was achieved on pH=8, where was not prepared any precipitation. In this method, we could decrease the reaction temperature in synthetic rout to fabricate Co3O4 nanostructures. Nanostructures were characterized by SEM, TEM, X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–visible, Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR).
Helmet use of adolescent cyclists at Crescent School in Toronto, Canada
Authors: Chow Ronald , Hollenberg Drew , Pintilie Alexandru , Midroni Cooper , Cumner Stuart
Published: March 2016

Numerous studies have highlighted that bicycle helmets reduce the risk of head injury; the purpose of this study was to determine the helmet-wearing rate of adolescent boys and the reasons for those who do not wear helmets. A questionnaire was developed and completed by 257 students. A higher percentage of older students reported a long bike commute to school (over 20 min). The frequency of helmet use and awareness of helmet legislation was lower amongst the older students. Common reasons for not using a helmet across all ages included its uncomfortable nature, the confidence of the rider’s cycling ability to not crash, and negligence. Further reminders and educational sessions regarding the importance of helmets could help to increase the helmet use of students across the grades.
Lexical richness and collocational competence in second-language writing
Authors: Vedder Ineke , Benigno Veronica
Published: March 2016

In this article we report on an experiment set up to investigate lexical richness and collocational competence in the written production of 39 low-intermediate and intermediate learners of Italian L2. Lexical richness was assessed by means of a lexical profiling method inspired by
Hydroxycitric acid ameliorates high-fructose-induced redox imbalance and activation of stress sensitive kinases in male Wistar rats
Authors: Sripradha Ramalingam , Sridhar Magadi Gopalakrishna , Maithilikarpagaselvi Nachimuthu
Published: March 2016

Background: Excess fructose consumption causes dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and various complications. Hydroxycitric acid (HCA), one of the principal components of the fruit Garcinia cambogia, has been shown to possess antiobesity properties. The objective was to investigate the effects of HCA on redox imbalance and activation of stress sensitive kinases in high fructose-fed rats.

Methods: Male Wistar rats (n=40) were randomly divided into four groups with 10 rats in each group. The rats were fed with either standard rodent diet or 60% fructose diet and administered with HCA at a dose of 400 mg/kg body wt/day for 10 weeks. Body weight was measured once a week, and food intake was noted daily. At the end of the study, lipid profile and oxidative stress parameters were estimated. Expressions of stress sensitive kinases were analyzed in liver homogenates.

Results: Fructose-fed rats displayed elevated body weight, higher levels of plasma total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non HDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), lower levels of HDL-C, glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant status (TAS). Fructose feeding caused higher phosphorylation of stress sensitive kinases ERK ½ and p38. Administration with HCA lowered body weight, food intake, TAG, non-HDL-C, MDA, TOS, and OSI and elevated GSH, GPx, and TAS levels. Reduced phosphorylation of ERK ½ and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was observed upon HCA treatment.

Conclusions: Thus, HCA improved fructose induced redox imbalance and activation of stress sensitive kinases through its hypolipidemic effects.
An Integrated Approach of Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS to Select Logistics Service Provider
Authors: Kishore Ponnuboina , Padmanabhan G.
Published: March 2016

In India, Manufacturing companies are primarily being concentrated on the production activities which led to drastic improvement of outsourcing logistics process to third party logistics (3PLS), consequently a strong outsourcing logistics can be observed over the next two decades for the development of a company. It may therefore be noted that the enhancement and extrusion are necessary in order to effectively asses risk and opportunities. To achieve this, the best logistics service provider which leads to the growth of organisation and industry has to be selected. The present work aims at the integration of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) in Fuzzy environment. The integration is carried out with more consistency while evaluating and selecting the best Logistics service provider based on ten coordination criteria viz. Custom Clearance, On Time Delivery, Number of Customers Handled, Placement Percentage, Tracking Status, Service Quality, Solving of Issues, Collecting Proof of Delivery, Region and Price. Fuzzy AHP is used to calculate relative weights of each coordination criterion. Logistics service providers are ranked based on closeness coefficient, calculated for each LSP using Fuzzy TOPSIS. By this method the LSP5 has selected as best logistic service provider among the seven LSP for battery manufacturing company.
Predation upon small mammals by Caluromys lanatus (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) and Callithrix penicillata (Primates: Callitrichidae) in the Brazilian savanna
Authors: de Camargo Nícholas F. , Sano Nayara Y. , Vieira Emerson M.
Published: March 2016

The identification of interactions by predation in field can be considered as valuable complementary information for studies on feeding and interaction ecology. Here we report and describe two cases of opportunistic predation upon small mammals in forests of the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado): by the didelphid brown-eared woolly opossum Caluromys lanatus on the sigmodontine rodent Rhipidomys macrurus, and by the black-tufted-ear marmoset Callithrix penicillata on the didelphid Gracilianus agilis. Our observations suggest that opportunistic predation events on vertebrates can be advantageous for animals that feed mainly on plant items, as a way to obtain protein-rich resources.
Super-Truth & Direct Reference
Authors: Gabriel John
Published: March 2016

Proponents of supervaluationism claim super-truth, i. e., truth on every admissible precisification, is identical to truth or, at least, is a suitable truth proxy. I object that super-truth is neither identical to nor a suitable proxy for truth. I argue that to claim a statement is super-true is simply to maintain that a certain counterfactual holds, and that a claim is true, counterfactually, is no reason to treat it as true. I further argue that, with super-truth undermined, Roy Sorensen’s objection that supervaluationism cannot accommodate vague directly referential terms presents supervaluationism’s defenders with a significant challenge.
Where are Universals?
Authors: Peacock Howard
Published: March 2016

It is often claimed that realists about universals must be either “platonists”, holding that universals lack spatio-temporal location, or “aristotelians”, asserting that universals are located where their instances are. What’s more, both camps agree that locatedness or unlocatedness is part of the essential nature of universals; consequently, aristotelians say that universals cannot exist un located, and platonists allege that universals cannot be located. Here I argue that the dispute may be resolved by synthesizing the most attractive features of each position. I claim that universals are located at their instances when instantiated by particulars which themselves possess a spatio-temporal location; however, uninstantiated universals exist without location. This has the consequence that it will often be a contingent matter whether a given universal has a location, if the universal is only contingently instantiated. Nevertheless, I claim, objections to this position may be overcome.
The thematic structure of homepages: An exploratory systemic-functional account
Authors: Alvin Leong Ping
Published: March 2016

The visual social semiotic approach, based on Halliday’s systemic functional linguistics (SFL), is widely used in studies on multimodal texts. As SFL is a framework focusing on the functions of language, several SFL categories are re-conceptualized in visual social semiotics to handle the analysis and interplay of extra-linguistic features; other categories, however, are excluded. A consequence is that any insights offered by these excluded categories in multimodal texts remain obscured. This paper focused on one such category, theme, as a generator of expectations. It analyzed the thematic structure of twenty homepages to show that the different SFL themes are applicable and evident in such multimodal texts. It underscores the importance of theme as a point of departure of any discourse, textual or otherwise, allowing us to form expectations about how the rest of the discourse may be acceptably developed.
The free slave paradox
Authors: Miller Zea
Published: March 2016

To the extent that “runaway slave” and “free slave” express the same content, yet one is readily understood and the other is not, the difference exposes a cultural blindness to some of the outdated ways in which oppressive language still operates. This article processes the expression “runaway slave” through several semiotic models to examine its structural incoherence and then explores the ways in which it is paradoxically understood, even so, as functions of racist cognitive frames issuing from white investments in the language. By exposing how the expression presents interdisciplinary issues, the article thereby advances an argument against its unexamined use and proposes an alternative.
A semiotic analysis of anti-identity construction in fictional narratives from the viewpoint of modeling systems theory
Authors: Yu Hongbing , Zhang Jie
Published: March 2016

From the standpoint of Modeling Systems Theory formulated by Thomas Sebeok and Marcel Danesi in 2000, the reason why a fictional narrative can be rightly considered outstanding and appreciated by different generations of readers/viewers is not just because it has depicted “typical characters in typical contexts,” but more often because the text itself, understood in the Sebeokian sense as a composite modeling strategy, has achieved relatively higher degrees of fullness in creating these characters as models. As a further result, it has developed a pluralistic space for interpretation and fulfilled the truthful reflection of shared human emotion. To this end, the text needs to adopt a unique way of representation in creating characters, to wit, “anti-identity construction.” It is different from “defamiliarization” in that it is not to deliberately pursue a sort of formal or structural strangeness; on the contrary, it is only to seek to represent human experiences with high-level fidelity, as well as their global restoration, and to construct a “panorama” with innovative perspectives, thus demolishing stereotypical models people form in their minds. In essence, it is a return to dynamic Umwelten, capable of facilitating the pluralistic meaning generation and the ultimate semiosic reflection of shared human emotion.
High-pressure investigations of lanthanoid oxoarsenates: I. Single crystals of scheelite-type Ln[AsO4] phases with Ln = La–Nd from monazite-type precursors
Authors: Metzger Sebastian J. , Ledderboge Florian , Heymann Gunter , Huppertz Hubert , Schleid Thomas
Published: March 2016

Transparent single crystals of the scheelite-type Ln[AsO4] phases with Ln = La–Nd are obtained by the pressure-induced monazite-to-scheelite type phase transition in a Walker-type module under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions of 11 GPa at 1100–1300 °C. Coinciding with this transition, there is an increase in density and a reduction in molar volume of about 4.5 % for the scheelite-type phases (tetragonal, I41/a) for La[AsO4] (a = 516.92(4), c = 1186.1(9) pm), Ce[AsO4] (a = 514.60(1), c = 1175.44(2) pm), Pr[AsO4] (a = 512.63(4), c = 1168.25(9) pm), and Nd[AsO4] (a = 510.46(4), c = 1160.32(11) pm) as compared to the well-known monazite-type phases (monoclinic, P21/n). Surprisingly enough, the scheelite-type oxoarsenates(V) exhibit a lower coordination number for the Ln
3+ cations (CN = 8 versus CN = 8 + 1), whereas the isolated tetrahedral [AsO4]3– anions (d(As–O) = 168.9–169.3 pm for the scheelites as compared to d(As–O) = 167.1–169.9 pm for the monazites) remain almost unchanged. So the densification must occur because of the loss of two edge-connections of the involved [LnO8+1]15– polyhedra with the [AsO4]3– tetrahedra in the monazite- resulting in exclusively vertex connected [LnO8]13– and [AsO4]3– units in the scheelite-type structure.
Characterization of the cardiac glycoside and lipid profiles of Strophanthus kombé Oliv. seeds
Authors: Knittel Diana N. , Lorenz Peter , Huber Ursula , Stintzing Florian C. , Kammerer Dietmar R.
Published: March 2016

The seeds of Strophanthus kombé Oliv. are known to contain high levels of cardioactive compounds. However, the therapeutic use of Strophanthus in the treatment of cardiopathy requires more detailed knowledge of the compound profile to profit from the full potential of Strophanthus preparations. Therefore, the objective was to characterize the cardenolide profile and lipophilic constituents in S. kombé seeds using methods applicable in routine quality control. Freshly prepared S. kombé seed extracts were analyzed without previous sample clean-up using a novel HPLC-DAD-MSn method. In addition, seed oils were analyzed by GC-MS following derivatization of the lipids. More than 20 cardenolides were tentatively assigned in the seed extracts including strophanthidin, strophanthidol, periplogenin and strophanthidinic acid aglycones, carrying various saccharide moieties. The findings revealed the presence of eight novel cardenolides, which have not been described for S. kombé so far. The occurrence of strophanthidinic acid derivatives was verified by comparison with synthesized strophanthidinic acid-cymaropyranoside. GC-MS characterization of the oils mainly revealed the presence of fatty acids, especially oleic acid and linoleic acid, as well as phytosterols, the latter representing intermediates of cardenolide biosynthesis. In summary, these findings broaden our knowledge on the secondary metabolism of Strophanthus.
EKSTRAK DAUN KEJIBELING MENINGKATKAN FAGOSITOSIS DAN ROI MAKROFAG PADA MENCIT DIINFEKSI Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Setyawan Annaas Budi , Lestari Endang Sri , Winarto Winarto
Published: March 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efek ekstrak daun kejibeling  terhadap peningkatan aktifitas fagositosis makrofag dan produksi ROI makrofag  pada mencit yang di infeksi bakteri S.aureus. Mencit dibagi menjadi empat kelompok. Kontrol (K), mencit diinfeksi bakteri S.aureus. Kelompok perlakuan (P1,P2,P3), mencit diinfeksi bakteri S.aureus kemudian diberi ekstrak daun kejibeling  dengan dosis bertingkat 150;300;600 mg/kg BB. Pemberian ekstrak daun kejibeling dilakukan selama delapan hari dan injeksi bakteri S.aureus dilakukan pada hari pertama dengan konsentrasi 108 cfu sebanyak 0,2 mL secara intraperitoneal. Penilaian aktifitas fagositosis makrofag dilakukan uji hipotesis Annova dilanjutkan analisis Post Hoc dengan uji LDS. Dan penilaian produksi ROI makrofag dilakukan uji hipotesis Kruskal wallis dilanjutkan analisis Post Hoc dengan uji Mann whitney U. Kedua uji hipotesis didapatkan p<0,05. Aktivitas fagositosis makrofag pada uji post hoc dengan uji LSD terdapat perbedaan bermakna kelompok kontrol (K) dengan perlakuan (P1,P2,P3) sedangkan kelompok perlakuan yang didapatkan perbedaan tidak bermakna yaitu; P1 dengan P3(p=0,150) dan P2 dengan P3(p=0,646). Produksi ROI makrofag pada uji Post Hoc dengan Mann Whitney menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna antar kelompok dengan nilai p<0,05. Ekstrak daun kejibeling dosis 150 mg/kg BB secara bermakna meningkatkan fagositosis makrofag dan produksi ROI.
Pemanfaatan Voluntary Counseling and Testing oleh Ibu Rumah Tangga Terinfeksi HIV/AIDS
Authors: Tasa Yeni , Ratu Ludji Ina Debora , Paun Rafael
Published: March 2016

Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (HIV-AIDS)  merupakan penyakit menular yang jumlah penderitanya terus bertambah. Ibu rumah tangga merupakan penderita HIV/AIDS terbanyak di Kabupaten Belu. Pemanfaatan Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) yang rendah oleh  orang dengan HIV/AIDS (odha) termasuk ibu rumah tangga terinfeksi HIV/AIDS menyebabkan  penyebaran HIV/AIDS sulit dikendalikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan umur, tingkat pendidikan, persepsi tentang penyakit, persepsi tentang pelayanan kesehatan, pekerjaan suami, pendapatan keluarga, keterjangkauan, persepsi keparahan penyakit dan persepsi stigma diri sendiri dengan pemanfaatan VCT oleh ibu rumah tangga terinfeksi HIV di Kabupaten Belu. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif, disain cross sectional. Jumlah sampel adalah 90 orang yang merupakan total populasi. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Belu pada bulan Januari sampai Juli 2015. Analisa data secara deskriptif dan bivariat. Hasil analisis bivariat dengan uji chisquaremenunjukkan adanya hubungan pendidikan (p=0,040), persepsi tentang penyakit (p=0,0001), persepsi tentang pelayanan kesehatan (p=0,0001), pendapatan keluarga (p=0,016), pekerjaan suami (0,037), keterjangkauan (p=0,038), persepsi keparahan penyakit (p=0,0001) dan persepsi stigma diri sendiri (p=0,0001) dengan pemanfaatan VCT. Persepsi tentang penyakit dan pelayanan kesehatan perlu ditingkatkan dengan memperluas penyebaran informasi tentang penyakit HIV/AIDS dan manfaat VCT.
Kata kunci :  HIV/AIDS, ibu rumah tangga,  pemanfaatan VCT
ANALISIS SITUASI PERMASALAHAN SAMPAH KOTA YOGYAKARTA DAN KEBIJAKAN PENANGGULANGANNYA
Authors: Mulasari Surahma Asti , Husodo Adi Heru , Muhadjir Noeng
Published: March 2016

Kontak langsung dengan sampah dapat berisiko mengalami gangguan kesehatan. Volu-me sampah dipengaruhi oleh jumlah penduduk, aktivitas, dan gaya hidup. Pemerintah daerah memberlakukan berbagai kebijakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan sampah sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab pelayanan publik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui permasalahan sampah dan upaya penanganan di Kota Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling. Informan merupakan stakeholder pengelolaan sampah di Yogyakarta. Data diolah dan disajikan dengan metode explanation building. Sampah di TPA Piyungan tertinggi pada Maret 2014 dan terendah pada Juli 2014. Kota Yogyakarta penyumbang sampah terbanyak di TPA Piyungan, kemudian Kabupaten Sleman dan Bantul. Volume sampah tertinggi pada 2012 dan terus menurun sampai tahun 2014. Semua permasalahan ada dari sisi hilir (masyarakat), proses (pengelola sampah) dan hulu (TPA). Setelah semua diidentifikasi, dibuat suatu kebijakan pengelolaan sampah secara optimal dengan melibatkan semua lintas sektoral dan program-program pemberdayaan oleh stakeholder terkait.
Direct contact with the waste can be increasing health problems risk. The volume of waste is affected by population, population activities, and lifestyle. Government enforces many policy in order to address the waste problems. The purpose of this study was to find out the waste problem in the Yogyakarta Municipality and to know the strategy to handling it. Qualiative study was applied in this research. The informant was a delegation of stakeholder regarding waste management, with purposive sampling. Analysis data were performed by using explanantion building using content analysis. The highest number of waste was produced on March 2014 and the lowest on July 2014.. In Yogyakarta municipality,  TPA Piyungan gave biggest waste contribution. . The peak of waste volume was in 2012 and tend to decrease until 2014. All the waste problems started from the downstream (community) , process (government who manage waste) and upstream (TPA). All problem were identified and government made a policy about manage waste that involved all sectoral empowering program by stakeholder on waste management.
PENGARUH KONSELING TERHADAP MOTIVASI IBU MELAKUKAN PERAWATAN METODE KANGGURU PADA BAYI BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH
Authors: Kusnasetia Setiawati , Rini Rini
Published: March 2016

Hasil survei demografi dan kesehatan Indonesia angka kematian bayi sebesar 34/1000 kelahiran hidup, jauh dari sasaran MDGs (23/1000 kelahiran hidup). Penyebab utama kematian bayi adalah asfiksia, bayi prematur, BBLR dan infeksi. Angka kematian bayi di RSUD Soreang sebesar 14,76%, salah satu upaya menurunkan angka kematian bayi diantaranya dengan Perawatan Metode Kangguru (PMK). Penelitian tahun 2015 ini bertujuan menge-tahui perbedaan motivasi ibu melakukan PMK pada BBLR antara sebelum dan sesudah diberikan konseling. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan one group pretest and posttest design, dilakukan terhadap 32 sampel ibu dengan bayi BBLR. Uji statistik menggunakan paired sample t-test. Hasil penelitian pada pretest maupun posttest sebesar 62,5% mempunyai motivasi tinggi. Ada perbedaan rata-rata nilai motivasi ibu antara sebelum dan sesudah diberikan konseling dengan thitung = 10,268 ( >dari t tabel = 2,042; nila p = 0,0001). Sosialisasi PMK kepada ibu yang mempunyai BBLR dan anggota keluarga berperan penting dalam mendukung pelaksanaan PM.

 

Result of Indonesia demography and health survey, infant mortality rate is 34/1,000 live births, highest from the MDGs target (23/1,000 live births). The main causes of infant mortality are asphyxia, premature, low birth weight and infection. The infant mortality rate in hospitals Soreang amounted 14.76%, one of the efforts to reduce infant mortality among the treatment with kangaroo methode. The research in 2015 aimed to determine differences in maternal motivation of kanggoroo carein LBW between before and after counseling. The research design uses one group pretest and posttest design, carried out on 32 samples of mothers with LBW babies. Statistical test using a paired sample t-test. Results of research on the pretest and posttest 62.5% have high motivation. There are differences in the average value of maternal motivation between before and after counseling with Score T= 10.268 (> of T table = 2.042; p value = 0.0001). Socialization kanggoroo care to mothers with LBW and family members play an important role in supporting the implementation kanggoroo care.
Pengaturan Masyarakat Hukum Adat dan Implementasi Perlindungan Hak-hak Tradisionalnya
Authors: Thontowi Jawahir
Published: March 2016

Masyarakat adat adalah sekelompok orang yang memiliki perasaan yang sama dalam kelompok, tinggal di satu tempat karena genealogi atau faktor geologi. Mereka memiliki hukum adat mereka sendiri yang mengatur tentang hak dan kewajiban pada barang-barang material dan immateri. Mereka juga memiliki lembaga sosial, kepemimpinan adat, dan peradilan adat yang diakui oleh kelompok. Perlindungan pada masyarakat adat yang diatur dalam Pasal 18B (2) dan Pasal 28I ayat (3) dalam Konstitusi Indonesia 1945 dan di beberapa tata hukum Indonesia tidak dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik karena sangat perlu peraturan operasional. Hal ini dikarenakan amandemen UUD 1945 saat itu sarat dengan Kepentingan politik pada saat itu, sehingga kata-kata pembangunan Pasal 18B ayat (2) ambivalen dalam arti. Dalam satu sisi, negara mengakui dan menghargai hak-hak masyarakat adat, namun di sisi lain mereka dituntut dengan persyaratan yang sulit dalam mewujudkan hak-hak mereka.
Abstract

Indigenous people are a group of people who have the same feeling in a group, live in one place because of genealogist or geologist factor. They have their own customary law that arrange about right and duty on removable good, material good, and immaterial good. They also have their own social institution, customary leadership, and customary judicature that avowed by the group. Protection on indigenous people was arranged in Article 18B point (2) and Article 28I point (3) in Indonesian Constitution 1945 and in the some Indonesian Ordinances. But the protection on indigenous people can’t implemented well because very need to operational regulations. Political interests at the time while amendment happens make the words construction of Article 18B point (2) ambivalent in meaning. In one side, the state respects and ensures indigenous people, but in the other side they charged with difficult requirements.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL STUDIES AND HISTORY LEARNING IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN STRENGTHENING THE STUDENTS CHARACTER
Authors: Agung S. Leo
Published: March 2016

Nowadays, in Indonesia a variety of violence and moral degradation event still occur. The moral degradation phenomenon (among others) is indicated with the spread of violence, criminality, drug abuse, free sexual-intercourse and other misbehaviors. Multidimensional crisis and nation deterioration originates essentially in self-esteem, and failure in developing nation’s character education. Essentially, Social Science learning aimed to develop personal, social, and intellectual behavior. Thus, Social Science learning in Junior High Schools becomes a means and opportunity of strengthening the student characters such as sense of critical, discipline, environment awareness, social care, religious, having reading interest, loving to homeland, willing to sacrifice, creative, honest, independent, and hard work, in order to build the nation and the state better, more prosperous, secure, and peaceful.

 

Dewasa ini, di Indonesia terjadi beragam keke-rasan dan degradasi moral yang masih terus terjadi. Fenomena degradasi moral diindikaisikan dengan beragam kekerasan, kriminalitas, penggunaan narkotika, pergaulan bebas, dan berbagai penyimpangan perilaku. Krisis multidimensional dan berbagai kerusakan tersebut pada dasarnya berasal dari harga diri, serta kegagalan dalam pengembangan pendidikan karakter bangsa. Di satu sisi secara esensial Pendidikan IPS bertujuan untuk membangun kemampuan personal, sosial, dan intelektual. Dengan demikian pembelajaran IPS di SMP menjadi sarana dan kesempatan untuk memperkuat karakter siswa, seperti sikap kritis, disiplin, peduli lingkungan, peduli sosial, agama, memiliki minat baca, cinta ke tanah air, rela berkorban, kreatif, jujur, independen, dan kerja keras, dalam rangka membangun bangsa dan negara yang lebih baik, lebih sejahtera, lebih aman, dan damai.
  
THE NEW RESPONDS TOWARD THE CHALLENGE: ISLAMIC DA'WAH AND CATHOLIC MISSION IN SEMARANG, 1890s-1940s
Authors: Shokheh Mukhamad
Published: March 2016

This study discusses the growth and development of religious movements and their effects on social life of religious communities during the period 1890s-1940s Semarang. The main problems of this study are the growth and development of Islamic da’wah and Catholic mission and its influence on socio-religious life to the people in Semarang. This study used the historical method in order to answer the problem. The development of Islamic da'wah and Catholic missions in Semarang in the period 1890s-1940s could be seen into two mainstream, namely the renewal of da’wah and indigenization of mission. Islamic da'wah and Catholic mission have brought progress to the social religious life of societies. Poeple in Semarang recognized the religious organization and new forms of leadership which more rational and democratic, and the growth of new awareness of identity from  people to the identity as citizens.

 

Penelitian ini mendiskusikan muncul dan berkembangnya gerakan keagamaan dan dampaknya pada kehidupan sosial pada komunitas agama periode 1890-an sampai 1940-an di Kota Semarang. Permasalahan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dakwah Islam dan misi Katolik, serta pengaruhnya terhadap kehidupan sosial keagamaan di Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah untuk menjawab permasalahan. Perkembangan dakwah Islam dan misi Katolik pada periode 1890-an sampai 1940-an dapat dilihat dari dua mainstream, yakni pembaharuan dakwah dan indigenisasi (pelokalan) dari misi. Dakwah Islam dan misi Katolik memberikan progress terhadap kehidupan sosial keagamaan di Semarang. Masyarakat di Semarang mengenal organisasi keagamaan dan bentuk baru dari kepemimpinan yang lebih rasional dan demokratis, dan tumbuhnya kesadaran atas identitas personal menjadi identitas sebagai warga masyarakat.

 
ASTHA BRATA DAN PRANATA MANGSA: ALAM DAN RELASI KUASA DALAM KONTEKS AGRARIA DI JAWA
Authors: Witasari Nina
Published: March 2016

The presence of the ruler and its authority in people’s daily life is an interesting talk especially when it is related to welfare case. The understanding of the meaning of authority relation is manifested into government leadership practice, which at the same time, is connected to concern on maintaining the balance of nature. Based on the phenomena existence, this writing discusses about the problem of people’s authority relation position as exploitation object by the King in pactice. Does people accept their position and authority relation as necessity since they were born as servant. Or, instead, through people’s resignation accepting their destiny, they become more creative emerging local wisdom and knowledge based on environment. At this same time, people apply work management system called season regulation ‘pranatamangsa’. Pranatamangsa is manifestation of harmonious relation among human being – nature – God. Javanese farmer has faith that, like any other traditional ethnic people, the way God does arrange the nature is through the nature’s sign, as part of cosmological balance.

 

Kehadiran penguasa dan kekuasaannya dalam keseharian kehidupan rakyatnya adalah hal yang menarik untuk dibicarakan terutama bila dihubungkan dengan kesejahteraan. Pemahaman tentang relasi kuasa di sini adalah yang termanifestasi dalam praktek kepemimpinan pemerintahan, yang pada saat yang sama, tersambung dengan kepedulian untuk menjaga keseimbangan alam. Berdasarkan fenomena yang ada, problematika yang ingin dibahas dalam tulisan berikut ini adalah bagaimana relasi kuasa rakyat yang dalam prakteknya diposisikan sebagai obyek eksploitasi oleh Raja. Adakah rakyat menerimanya sebagai sebuah keniscayaan atas kelahiran mereka sebagai kawula. Ataukah justru dalam kepasrahan menerima garis nasib mereka justru menjadi lebih kreatif dengan memunculkan kearifan dan pengetahuan lokal berbasis lingkungan.  Pada saat sama, dalam masyarakat berlaku sistem pengaturan kerja yang disebut pranata mangsa. Pranata mangsa merupakan wujud harmonisasi hubungan antara manusia-lingkungan alam-dan Tuhan Yang Maha Esa. Keyakinan petani Jawa, dan masyarakat tradisional pada etnis lain, adalah bentuk keyakinan atas cara Tuhan bekerja mengatur alam melalui tanda-tanda alam, sebagai bagian dari keseimbangan kosmologis.

 