bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Experimental Model of Procurement in Public Administration
Authors:   Audit and Taxation Department, Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine, Kuzmenko Halyna , Tsvirko Olena ,   Department Macroeconomic and Public Administration, Black Sea Research Institute of Economics and Innovations, Odessa, Ukraine, Sedikova Iryna ,   Management and Logistics Department, Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Odessa, Ukraine, Khymych Oksana ,   Department of Administrative and Financial Management, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Tarasenko Olena ,   Department of Finance, Banking and Insurance, Chernihiv National University of Technology, Chernihiv, Ukraine, Doroshenko Olga ,   Department of Finance and Credit, Poltava State Agrarian Academy, Poltava, Ukraine
Published: September 2019

Public procurement has two main objectives. On the one hand, competitive procedures are designed to ensure maximum efficiency in meeting the needs of budgetary institutions, on the other hand, cost savings are in the vast majority of cases the main criterion for the effectiveness of purchases. Actual is the development of tools that would allow for scenario-based modeling of procurement using economic-mathematical, in particular imitation, experimental models. The purpose of the study was to develop an experimental model that allows to increase the effectiveness of the contract system in the field of public procurement of goods, works, services through reengineering of processes related to procurement activities and conducting scenario experiments. The proposed experimental model with the help of the developed interface allows you to visually monitor the progress of its implementation, and also allows to conduct a series of experiments to test the model in the implementation of various options for effects on the contract system in the procurement.
Mechanical and Wear Behavioral Assesment of Al 7075-Al2o3 Metal Matrix Composite
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, GIET University, Gunupur, India., kumar K. Vikash , Tripathy Santosh Kumar ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, GIET University, Gunupur, India., Mohanta Gopal Krushna ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, GIET University, Gunupur, India.
Published: September 2019

Aluminum alloys are wide utilized in part and automobile industries because of high strength to low weight ratio and their smart mechanical properties like higher corrosion resistance and wear resistance, low thermal growth as compared with different metals. Aluminium 7075 alloy is chosen as matrix alloy and Al2O3 as a reinforcement. The amount of Al2O3 particles is varied with weight fractions of 2%, 4%, 6% .The objective of the paper is to enhance the mechanical and tribological properties like impact strength, hardness, wear of Al7075 alloy based metal matrix composite. The result were found that with increase in reinforcement content of Al2O3 in Al7075 alloy improve the mechanical properties and wear resistance.
High Density Noise Reduction of Tea Leaves using Density Mass Filter (DMF)
Authors:   Research Scholar, Part Time Ph.D, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, P Velmurugan , Devi Dr.M.Renuka ,   Professor & Head, Department of BCA, Sri Krishna Arts and Science College, Coimbatore.
Published: September 2019

In agriculture digital image processing play an important role in the prediction of tea leaves diseases. But acquisition of image may be corrupted by various types of noise such as impulse noise, Gaussian noise and salt and pepper noise. These noises can corrupt the image. So it will reduce the quality of the image and it reduces the classification accuracy. Hence it needs a efficient filter to remove these noise. This paper introduced a new filter density mass filter. It reduces all kinds of noise. Two metrics PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise ratio) and RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) values are used to evaluate the quality of images. The PSNR value of proposed filter is significantly high and RMSE value is reasonably low.
Effect of Extrusion Ratio & Extrusion Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Hot Extruded Hybrid Composites of Al6061/Sic/Graphite
Authors:   Asst prof Department of Mechanical Engg Rao Bahadur .Y.Mahabaleshwarappa Engg Collge Ballari ,Karnataka, India, Balaji M. , yerrennagoudar Hiregoudar ,   Professor Department of Mechanical Engg Rao Bahadur .Y.Mahabaleshwarappa Engg Collge Ballari ,Karnataka, India, Kumar G.B.Veeresh ,   Associate Dean Dept of Mechanical Engg National Institute Of Technology Tadepalligudem ,Andhrapradesh, India
Published: September 2019

In this work hot extrusion of hybrid composites of Al6061/SiC/Gr was carried out at ratios of 2:1,3:1&4:1 & temperatures of 4500,5000,&5500c at various compositions of 0,2,4,6 &8 % of SiC and fixed amount of graphite i.e 2% using 200 tonn capacity press at a speed of 1mm/sec to investigate mechanical properties like tensile, compression & BHN and after solutionising and aging .It was found that at ratio 3:1 and temperature 5000c all the above three properties were found to be improved compared to extrusion .
Generalized Code for Forward kinematic Analysis of 5-Axis Articulated Robotic Arm using Matlab Programming.
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Department, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, India, Teja G Krishna , Bharathi Dr. V.V. Prathibha ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, India., Ameresh H ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, India, Mugutkar Harish ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, India.
Published: September 2019

Based on the requirements in industry, there is a need to design a low-cost robotic platform which is to be operated remotely through the gripper and control data. This should facilitate in avoiding human involvement in continuous and heavy environments. Kinematic analysis is one of the most important tasks in design of a manipulator. It involves many tasks like mathematical modeling of the manipulator using forward or inverse kinematics. Forward kinematics involves defining the target point or reach point using the joint angles (if it is rotary joint) and coordinates of the joint if it is prismatic joint. Inverse kinematics involves finding out the different possible ways of the joints to reach the given target point. Hence inverse kinematics yields more than one solution for a given target position of an end effectors, thereby it becomes more tedious task to calculate all the possible solutions manually. In this paper Matlab software is used for solving the forward kinematic analysis to calculate the possible joint link parameters to reach the target point using generalized programming.
Perception of Customers towards Employees in Organised Retail Sector
Authors:   Research Scholar, School of Management Studies, Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Thucklay, Tamilnadu, India., Nair Sabu K. , Nair Dr. B. Chandrachoodan ,   Former Professor & Director ,School of Management Studies . Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Thucklay, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: September 2019

In India, retail sector has transformed as one of the most fast growing and very vibrant industry. In global retail industry ranking, India holds fifth position, Organised retail sector in the country has got 9% of market share in overall retail sector. Kerala being a biggest consumer market state in the country , future for the expansion of organized retail has a strong path way to expand further. The main objective of this study is to examine the importance of employee approach in the organised retail sector and to examine the perception of customers in organised retail sector towards the approach of store employees at the time of shopping. The study has been carried out in major retail chains in Kerala, which has got national presence. Stores such as Big Bazaar,Aditya Birla More, RPG Spencers, Reliance Fresh and Nilgiris were selected to perform the study. This study was conducted among 326 customers who visited the mentioned stores . The response were captured by administrating a structured questionnaire. The findings of the study shows that employee approach is significantly important to enhance customer experience in organsied retail sector. The study examines that helpful and courteous approach of employees plays a vital role to enhance customer experience in organized retail sector.
Designing and Implementation of Rating Prediction
Authors:   HOD and Assistant Professor, Department of CSE, Warangal Institute of Technology and Science. Warangal, Telangana, India., Chandra J. Vijaya , Gyaderla Dr.Ranjith ,   Vice Principal and Associate Professor, Department of CSE, Warangal Institute of Technology and Science, Warangal, India., Lakshmi B. Bhagya ,   Assistant Professor, Department of CSE, Warangal Institute of Technology and Science, Warangal, India., Mounika M. ,   M.Tech Scholar, Department of CSE, Warangal Institute of Technology and Science. Warangal, Telangana, India., Varsha M. ,   M.Tech Scholar, Department of CSE, Warangal Institute of Technology and Science. Warangal, Telangana, India.
Published: September 2019

Recommender system is one of indivisible parts in web business areas. Recommender system construes the system which underwrites things for the client who wish to purchase things .One of the real inconveniences that, figuratively speaking, stays in recommender system is the virus begin problem(inactive things) which can be seen as an obstruction that spurns the cool begin things from the present things. In this paper, we want to move beyond this farthest point for cold-begin clients/things by the help of existing things. It is developed by utilizing Elo Rating system. The Elo system is widely gotten in chess competitions; we propose a novel rating association technique to get settled with the profiles of cold-begin things. The purpose of assembly of our Strategy is to give a fine-grained View on the shrouded profiles of cold-begin clients/things by inspecting the separations between nippy begin things and existing Products. To uncover the limit of methodology, we instantiate our technique on two typical strategies in recommender systems, i.e., the structure factorization based, and neighborhood based pleasing sifting. Starter assessments on five genuine instructive documents embrace the amazing quality of our methodology over the present procedures in virus begin situation.
Development of Quality Control Tools for ARCMAP using Python
Authors:   M. Tech Student, SIT, JNTU, Hyderabad, India., Chinnammalu P. , Mahesh R. ,   Deputy Surveyor General, IISM, Survey of India, Hyderabad, India., Venkatesh J. ,   Associate Professor, CSIT, JNTU, Hyderabad, India.
Published: September 2019

Topological error free data in the database is very essential for Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis. To minimize some of the most common GIS errors, five Quality Assessment/Quality Control tools has indigenously discussed in this paper, namely Auto registration tool, Dangles correction tool, Irrelevant points removal Tool, Delete polygon less than 4 vertices and Connect and Split using the programming language Python. Tools are developed for ArcMap environment for more effective data cleaning and validation. ArcMap is one of the main components in Architecture Geographical Information system (ArcGIS) suite. These tools will be helpful to identify the possible errors in a particular sheet and will navigate user to the error positions. These tools not only finds the errors they also provides several solutions to solve those errors in automatic or semi-automatic mode, hence making the data best suited for use in GIS. This paper describes the brief details of all the 5 developed tools, and also demonstrates the benefits of applying these tools.
Design and Development of Ejection Seat Mechanism in Aircraft
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai, Rajaprasanna R. , Prasad A. Rajendra ,   Principal, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai, Vignesh T. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai-602105, India., Chakaravarthi M. C. Anand ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai, Dutt Priyadarshi ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai
Published: September 2019

This research manages the discharge framework that can be actualized in a common air ship. It is significant for a flying machine to have a launch situate in the event that the plane meets a mishap in a fight or during experimental drill and the pilot needs to rescue to spare their life. The component includes lifting of the pilot to a protected good ways from the air ship and after that sending the parachute. As there is increment in air traffic, this discharge framework gives extra security measures to the life of travelers. By this strategy alongside the pilot, the group individuals and the travelers can be spared. This discharge framework comprises of an exceptionally made ejector cushion, track framework and parachute. The launch framework is administered by a planning sensor which guarantees that the development of the traveler seat occur in equivalent interim of time to maintain a strategic distance from impact between two continuous seats.
A Research on Effectiveness of Training and Development in its Solutions
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Management Studies, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Selaiyur, Chennai – 600 073, India., R Bharthvajan , Kavitha S Fabiyola ,   Associate Professor, Department of Management Studies, Chennai, SRM Arts and Science College, Trichy,
Published: September 2019

The Current study is concerned with “a study on effectiveness of training and development in its solutions (chennai)” in this study where the effectiveness of the employee are measured and studied. In this study the where 110 employees are taken out of 195 employees using random sampling method. Where the set of questions are given to the employees to get there feedback about the changes after the training. The organization provides various kind of training to the employee. In this study we are testing the effectiveness of the employee after the training and development3. Where the 110 questions are distributed to employees and answers are collected for findings, suggestions and conclusions. The answers given by the respondents are analysed using chi-square and percentage method. After the finding where concluded that the objectives of this study and conclusions found in this study meets same point. Where the objective of this study is get satisfied. In this study we found that there is significant difference in employee than before. The training imparted meets the objectives like2.
Enhance Power Quality of RES with Employing Smart Loads
Authors:   PhD Scholar, Department of EEE, BIHER, CHENNAI, India., Bhukya Shivaji. , Prakash S. ,   Professor, Department of EEE, BIHER CHENNAI, India.
Published: September 2019

In this paper investigates the improve power quality of RES with adopting smart loads in detail. In wind energy conversion system permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is employed is employed to get better simulation results over induction generators. Obtained validate MATLAB simulation results considering variable speed variations periodically. Variable wind power production needed in distribution stochastic and periodic power variations to reach load demand. This load management maintenance is highly requires to maintain power quality. This load management is allocated employing smart loads (SLs), capacitor banks and critical loads (Electrical spring).From various case studies, it is found that SLs are effective in improving the voltage profiles of the test feeder.
Public Opinion on Water Scarcity With Special Reference To Chennai
Authors:   BBA. LLB (Hon’s) 1st year, Saveetha School Of Law, Saveetha Institute Of Medical And Technical, Sciences (Simats), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Nivithra S. , B Dr. Sreeya ,   Associate Professor, Department of Management Studies, Saveetha School Of Law, Saveetha Institute Of Medical And Technical, Sciences (Simats), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: September 2019

Water scarcity is the most prevailing problem that is existing in day to day life.The main reason for water scarcity and parts which were affected by acute water scarcity is discussed. The alarming water scarcity especially fresh water scarcity is also discussed here. The percentage of people who are suffering from severe water scarcity is also discussed. This research made to analysis the water scarcity in various areas in Chennai.The main objective of this research is to understand the problems of water scarcity with people. To analyse the relationship between public and the prevailing water scarcity.In this study we will discuss about the water scarcity among the public. The statistical tools used are ANOVA, independent t test and chi-square. The sample size is 1480 samples.This research concludes that within few years there will be no water for our future generations.
Similar Metals Of Al6082 Are Welded By using En19 Taper Square Tool
Authors:   Assistant professor, Mechanical Engineering, Srinivasa Ramanujan institute of technology (SRIT), Anantapur, AP, India., Subbareddy B , Srinivasulu Dr B ,   Asst Professor, Mechanical Engineering, St. Martin's Engineering College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India., Sreenuraju M. ,   Asst Professor, Mechanical Engineering, St. Martin's Engineering College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India., Pulla Bhanu Pratap ,   Research Scholar, Mechanical Engineering, Sri sathya sai university of technology and medical sciences , Sehore, Bhopal, M.P, India.
Published: September 2019

FSSW is used a lot of area which are from marine to aerospace industries. alloy has a lot of advantages of the other materials. FSSW is effected with tool rotational speed, tool transverse speed, dwell time and tool plunge depth. One of them is weight. With the reference to the research work In this paper two flat plates of similar metals (Al6082-Al6082) of 2.2 mm thickness & 36.2mm width are subjected to a solid state welding at 900rpm using the EN19 tool. The tensile-shear test results showed that the FSSW specimens are better than the specimens welded by the conventional FSSW process at all tool rotational speeds with using different tool pin profiles. The minimum tensile shear load obtained from the conventional friction stir spot welds was an ultimate load value of 2.040KN.
Impact of Social Media on Buying Decision in Chennai
Authors:   B.A.,L.L.B(HONS), I Year, Saveetha School of Law, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Ratchaya S.Kiruti , B Dr. Sreeya ,   Associate Professor, Department of Management Studies, Saveetha School of Law, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: September 2019

The purchasing choice process is the basic leadership process utilized by shoppers with respect to showcase exchanges previously, amid, and after the buy of a decent or administration. It tends to be viewed as a specific type of a cost– advantage investigation within the sight of numerous alternatives.Basic cases incorporate shopping and choosing what to eat. Basic leadership is a mental develop.The study used 1450 respondents for the purpose of understanding the buying decision . Chi-square , independent t test and correlation are the various tests used in this research . The research shows than male and female have different perspective regarding social media advertisement.If the income level is increased then the customers are not bothered purchase decision.Most of the social media product advertisement is for teens only . Marital status does not create impact on the effect of advertisement in purchase decision.
Arduino iBased iPET iFeeding iAutomation
Authors:   ECE Department, Giet University Gunpur, Odisha, India., Rao T.Appa , Srikanth K.S. ,   EEE Department, AIMS College of Engineering, Andhrapradesh, India.
Published: September 2019

Keeping pets takes many commitments. This includes keeping them company, showing your concerns and of course, feeding them on time and in the correct way. However, not everyone is a pet expert taking care of your pet’s diet can be hard and time consuming. One of the top health concerns of pets are overeating and obesity. Especially at younger age, they are usually satisfied with however much is given to them. Many adult pets are fed unscientifically that later may cause short lifespan. Another problem of feeding pets is that owners might not always be home regularly. Being occupied by personal plans knowing that they still have a starving little fellow at home to be taken care of is always a concern that bothers owners. The third concern that we want to deal with is the fact that there hasn’t been any product on the market right now that is able to dispense different foods for different kinds of pets. However, pets themselves might not necessarily recognize the potential health problems of eating the wrong food. Therefore, we want to take care of owners’ concern of feeding by building a phone controlled automatic pet feeder that can dispense the correct amount of food on time, based on the type of animal that’s demanding it. We chose this project because pet keeping is a time consuming responsibility and we want to provide convenience to owners by helping them feed their pets easily and smartly. Owners will be able to feed the correct amount of food to their pets by setting it on the phone app. The information will be transferred to the PCB via Ethernet, which will send signals to food dispensing gates.
On the Assembly Bias of Cool Core Clusters Traced by Hα Nebulae
Authors: Medezinski Elinor , McDonald Michael , More Surhud , Miyatake Hironao , Battaglia Nicholas , Gaspari Massimo , Spergel David , Cen Renyue
Published: September 2019

Do cool-core (CC) and non-cool-core (NCC) clusters live in different environments? We make novel use of Hα emission lines in the central galaxies of redMaPPer clusters as proxies to construct large (1000's) samples of CC and NCC clusters and measure their relative assembly bias using both clustering and weak lensing. We increase the statistical significance of the bias measurements from clustering by cross-correlating the clusters with an external galaxy redshift catalog from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III, the LOWZ sample. Our cross-correlations can constrain assembly bias up to a statistical uncertainty of 6%. Given our Hα criteria for CC and NCC, we find no significant differences in their clustering amplitude. Interpreting this difference as the absence of halo assembly bias, our results rule out the possibility of having different large-scale (tens of Mpc) environments as the source of diversity observed in cluster cores. Combined with recent observations of the overall mild evolution of CC and NCC properties, such as central density and CC fraction, this would suggest that either the cooling properties of the cluster core are determined early on solely by the local (<200 kpc) gas properties at formation or that local merging leads to stochastic CC relaxation and disruption in a periodic way, preserving the average population properties over time. Studying the small-scale clustering in clusters at high redshift would help shed light on the exact scenario.
Shock Heating Energy of Umbral Flashes Measured with Integral Field Unit Spectroscopy
Authors: Anan Tetsu , Schad Thomas A. , Jaeggli Sarah A. , Tarr Lucas A.
Published: September 2019

Umbral flashes are periodic brightness increases routinely observed in the core of chromospheric lines within sunspot umbrae and are attributed to propagating shock fronts. In this work we quantify the shock heating energy of these umbral flashes using observations in the near-infrared He i triplet obtained on 2014 December 7 with the SpectroPolarimetric Imager for the Energetic Sun, which is a novel integral field unit spectrograph at the Dunn Solar Telescope. We determine the shock properties (the Mach number and the propagation speed) by fitting the measured He i spectral profiles with a theoretical radiative transfer model consisting of two constant-property atmospheric slabs whose temperatures and macroscopic velocities are constrained by the Rankine–Hugoniot relations. From the Mach number, the shock heating energy per unit mass of plasma is derived to be 2 × 1010 erg g−1, which is insufficient to maintain the umbral chromosphere. In addition, we find that the shocks propagate upward with the sound speed and the Mach number does not depend on the temperature upstream of the shocks. The latter may imply suppression of the amplification of the Mach number due to energy loss of the shocks.
Hybridism between Cyanocorax chrysops and Cyanocorax cyanopogon (Aves: Corvidae) in Brazil
Authors: Apolinario Cristiane , Silveira Luis Fabio
Published: September 2019

Cyanocorax chrysops(Vieillot, 1818) andCyanocorax cyanopogon(Wied, 1821) are widespread jays. They are considered sister species according to recent molecular phylogenies. When analyzing museum specimens of both species, we found two individuals with intermediate plumage characteristics. They were collected near the range limits of both species, and we classified them as hybrids. Based on the sites where these specimens were found, we discuss the possible factors leading the interbreeding and compare our findings with information available in the literature. This is the first documented case of natural hybridization in jays in Brazil and the second case involving sister species within the New World jays.
ANKLE WEIGHT EFFECT ON GAIT: ORTHOTIC IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Barnett Steven L , Bagley Anita M , Skinner Harry B
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Oxygen consumption during ambulation was measured in 10 normal subjects wearing ankle weights of 0.91 kg, 1.82 kg, and 2.73 kg, either on the right ankle or bilaterally. Subjects walked at self-selected speeds and oxygen consumption was measured over 1minute intervals during steady-state walking. Oxygen consumption per unit distance and oxygen consumption rate demonstrated significant positive linear correlations with added weight (P = .001, P = 0.007, respectively). Velocity demonstrated a significant decrease when correlated with added weight (P = 0.03). Multiple regression analysis was used to relate these measures of oxygen consumption rates to velocity, age, and added weight, yielding predictive relationships. Based on these results, the weight of orthoses should be minimized in order to maximize walking velocity and minimize oxygen consumption per unit distance. The advantage of a lightweight, molded plastic ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) over heavier AFO designs is demonstrated by this study.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence Within the Scope of Digital Transformation in Enterprises
Authors: Calp M. Hanefi
Published: September 2019

Digital transformation, which is the beginning of a new era, and performed in order to provide a more effective service, has become a compulsory situation for the enterprises that take into account the increasing corporate volumes. However, the processes and technologies used in this transformation may change according to the enterprise volume and needs. At this point, activities that implement artificial intelligence technologies will make significant contributions to digital transformation. Artificial intelligence technologies serve many purposes such as search, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, learning, estimating, analytical thinking, optimization, and planning. The purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate the effects of artificial intelligence techniques on the processes of digital transformation utilized in enterprises by considering the difficulties experienced in the realization of digital transformation. It is expected that the study will provide a perspective for other studies on digital transformation and thus create an awareness.
IoT-Based Smart and Secure Health Monitoring System
Authors: Verma Parul , Khandelwal Brijesh
Published: September 2019

IoT is not a new keyword. The latest gradations in the technology are now leaving no stone unturned to make IoT a part of every domain. Be it education, agriculture, transportation, business, or healthcare, every domain is now ready to exploit the benefits of IoT. By end-to-end connectivity and simultaneous monitoring and reporting, it is improving the efficiency of the healthcare systems and thus improving the health of patients. The chapter focuses on how IoT can be integrated with healthcare systems and draw maximum benefits from its ubiquitous presence. The chapter also covers various security concerns of an IoT-based healthcare system and their suggested solutions to overcome those concerns.
Training Martians and Venusians on Jupiter
Authors: Vig Stella , Dent Paul
Published: September 2019

The challenge of diversification in the medical workforce cannot be ignored. Society and societal norms have also progressed at pace and terms and attitudes that were acceptable are now outdated. Trainers must be professionalised to ensure that training of trainees remains an exemplar role. It is accepted that boys and girls learn differently but have the same potential. Equity of opportunity ensures that the modern society retains and values all genders. By exploring whether these differences continue into the post-graduate education system, the medical profession can accommodate and mitigate to ensure equity. This chapter will explore the need for professional trainers, the educational needs of the modern-day medical trainee, and the challenges that need to be accommodated to ensure that the medical workforce retains a passion long into their careers.
The Imposter Phenomenon in the Medical Profession
Authors: Grossman Rebecca C.
Published: September 2019

The imposter phenomenon, or imposter syndrome, is defined as an internal experience of feeling like an intellectual fraud, despite external evidence of an individual's accomplishments, and results in an inability to internalise a sense of success. It is common among high-achieving people, and appears to be more common in women and ethnic minorities. In this chapter, a systematic review of the literature will be presented on imposter syndrome in the medical profession. Topics covered include purported aetiology, implications (including the impact on mental health and career progression), limitations of research, potential coping strategies, and avenues for future research.
Women in the Medical Field in India
Authors: Sivakumar Monica
Published: September 2019

There is a vast difference in the status of women in the medical field in India as compared to the West. However, much progress has been made in the past two decades at least in the urban areas. There is a tremendous disparity in the rural and urban areas when it comes to the number of women who enter this field. The urban areas are almost on par with the western standards at present. Despite having so many women who are leaders in the field, the situation in rural India remains desolate. Many hopes are dashed and much talent is wasted as societal interference, early marriages, and poor socio-economic status make it extremely difficult for the women in the semi-urban and rural areas to enter this lengthy and endurance-testing field. The patriarchal nature of the society, ancient customs, and inability to adapt to modern times are some of the common reasons that so few women enter this field.
Gender Equity in Surgical Academia in Kuwait and the Arabian Gulf Region
Authors: Al-Rashed Asmaa , Al-Gilani Maha
Published: September 2019

Gender equity has been a topic of interest in medicine for decades; however, it has extended to include surgery, a field that has been dominated by men for centuries. Nowadays, gender inequity in surgery is a worldwide issue that needs to be addressed since significant disparities exist in the surgical field compared to the medical one. In this chapter, authors introduce the current status of Kuwait and the Gulf region regarding gender equality, and outline the history of women surgeons in the region. The evolution of medical education in surgery and the evolution of the healthcare system and how these relate to gender equity in surgical academia is presented. Challenges related to the uniqueness of the Arabic and the Islamic culture and the future directions of where the field of surgery is headed in relation to gender equity is discussed.
Issues of Developmental Instruction in Higher Education and the Need for Change
Authors: Neimann Theresa
Published: September 2019

Achievement gaps are responsible for low high school graduation rates, low college enrollments, low college graduation rates, and lack of job readiness. Because many of today's high school students are not college ready, there is the need for developmental education in community colleges. Approximately 60% of high school graduates need to take remedial education courses before they can take credit bearing classes, and 76% of high school graduates do not meet ACT college readiness benchmarks. Dual enrollment is one way to address this issue. Opportunities to extend college credits to interested high school students have been increasing as an intervention strategy in preparing students for college, improving graduation rates, and reducing the time of college completion.
Towards an Innovative Ecotourism Business Model Framework
Authors: Faganel Armand , Biloslavo Roberto , Janeš Aleksander
Published: September 2019

The authors have studied in depth small, family-owned, fish farming company because the demand and competition for farmed fish is increasing worldwide, and so is the awareness of its importance for further development of sustainable small business in EU and wider. This chapter contributes to the literature on sustainable business models with a descriptive case study of the complementarity of a fish farming company and ecotourism activities. In this view, innovation is crucial to promote sustainable business models that can achieve a solid economic performance, social responsibility, and at the same time take care of the natural environment. The case study of a sustainable business model (BM) in aquaculture has been analyzed with the use of a business model canvas that links various organizational-oriented elements of a business model with different stakeholder needs, especially customer needs.
Airline Business Models and Tourism Sector
Authors: Ribeiro de Almeida Cláudia , Costa Vânia , Abrantes Jorge
Published: September 2019

The new century brought innovation, creative business environments, and above all, new competitors to some sectors. One of them is the airline sector that besides being very dynamic is highly competitive and vulnerable to external factors. The new changes impact directly in the way the product/service is presented and sold with consequences for the demand and tourism flows. After the deregulation process that happen in USA on the '70s and in Europe in the late '90s, the airline sector adjust their business models to the new trends and market changes, regulations, new competitors, and above all, to the new demand profile. This new business models brought new perspectives with more flexible and innovative services and products in order to follow market trends and to attract new boosting tourism demand. Despite the business model, air transportation is essential for some tourism destinations, mainly the ones that are very dependent on one single airline typology or with particular geographical features and needs.
Tourist Cooperation in Mountain Destinations
Authors: Fernandes Gonçalo Poeta
Published: September 2019

The business collaboration assumes several types and varies according to the invested resources and the level of commitment of the partners. The stimulus to collaboration lies in the pressures of globalization and increased competitiveness, supported by the development of new communication and information technologies. Tourism is a highly globalized and competitive sector, with specificities and high level of complexity of markets and tourist destinations. The collaboration promotes a strategic and organizational alignment between partners, which in tourism is decisive for the qualification of the destination and its sustainability. In the Serra da Estrela destination, the development of collaborative relationships is valued as a resource for companies and territories as well as a source of competitive advantages. The sharing of knowledge and experience, the association of corporate images, and the willingness to absorb new methods are considered favorable, but they present problems of formalization and communication, which require correction and coordination.
The Socio-Cultural Process in the USSR in 1950-1980
Authors: Asmarov Igor
Published: September 2019

These four decades gave the USSR new discoveries in the sphere of cultural creativity and the growth of the military and economic power of the country, including the Soviet Union republics of the USSR. The social and cultural process in the USSR in 1950-1980 proceeded under the strong influence of ideology and the ideological and political conjuncture. Nevertheless, creative thought in the sphere of culture and art in the USSR was alive and even fruitfully developed. The peculiarities of the culture of the USSR of this period consisted in the struggle of the government against deviations from the “tasks of social construction”. The pressure and control from the party were so great that they oppressed the freedom of artists and science. Mass discussions in various branches of science of this time had a negative effect on their participants. The development of culture in the 1960-80s was extremely controversial. Despite the fact that the funds for the development of culture constantly increased, the achievements in culture did not correspond to the financial costs. During this period, the leadership of the USSR began to pay great attention to public education and science.
Participatory Literacy and Taking Informed Action in the Social Studies
Authors: Holmes Casey , Manfra Meghan McGlinn
Published: September 2019

The purpose of the social studies is to prepare students for life as citizens in a democratic society, and this requires attention to the variety of digital spaces inhabited by our K-12 students in today's increasingly digitized world. Incorporating participatory technologies into structured inquiries in the social studies may help develop students' skills and abilities in critically sourcing, evaluating, sharing, and creating media, and provides the opportunity for increasingly democratic participation and civic engagement both in and out of the school setting. In this chapter, the authors suggest the integration of participatory literacy with the College, Career, and Civic Life (C3) framework as a means of supporting students in taking informed action.
Exploring Cultural Responsiveness in Literacy Tutoring
Authors: Skelley Dana L. , Stevens Margie L. , Anderson Rebecca S.
Published: September 2019

Embracing a culturally responsive teaching pedagogy in classrooms is one means for addressing literacy inequities with students of color. Afterschool literacy tutoring is another means of addressing these inequities, but little is known about implementing culturally responsive teaching in afterschool environments. This qualitative case study explored how cultural differences impacted an urban elementary afterschool literacy tutoring program. Grounded in participatory literacy theory, the authors conclude that it is normal for cultural differences to occur and cause disruptions during tutoring; however, culturally responsive teaching can mitigate these interruptions through developing caring relationships, creating a safe learning environment, implementing a participatory student-centered curriculum using online resources, and critiquing social inequalities. The discussion offers seven principles of culturally responsive teaching to use in literacy instructional environments.
Preparing 21st Century Teachers
Authors: Lawrence Salika A. , Saran Rupam , Johnson Tabora , Lafontant Margareth
Published: September 2019

When teachers use technology and digital tools for academic purposes, they are more apt to introduce it to their K-12 students. This chapter describes methods used by teacher educators to incorporate technology into their courses to help candidates meet professional standards, and methods used by teacher candidates to incorporate technology into their teaching to help P6 students meet technology and 21st century standards. Teacher preparation programs should introduce candidates to different technologies and software programs, provide opportunities for candidates to use the tools, and guide candidates as they develop learning resources in the field using the technology. Three factors impacted candidates' use of technology: their perceptions about their capabilities as users of technology in academic contexts, their experiences using technology, and their access to resources such as digital devices and software. Although some pitfalls occurred with program-wide technology integration, the study offers strategies for addressing these obstacles.
Can Everyone Code?
Authors: Cooke Laquana , Schugar Jordan , Schugar Heather , Penny Christian , Bruning Hayley
Published: September 2019

The learn-to-code movement is no longer just supported in computer science classrooms; instead, coding instruction has proliferated widely throughout the kindergarten through 12th-grade levels. Yet, educators are just beginning to understand the complexities with teaching students to code. In this research, the authors posit that coding is a language that can be taught through a literacy-based lens. In this chapter, the authors share findings from a study that examined pre-service teachers' aptitudes, interests, and background knowledge for teaching Swift to elementary school students. In addition, the authors explain how teachers were able to transfer what they learned about coding in Swift Playgrounds to a similar task on a different platform. The chapter ends with examples of how primary-grade teachers employed aspects of literacy instruction to teach basic coding using a variety of applications and tools.
Educate for Life
Authors: Reyes Johanna Rosalí
Published: September 2019

Organisms like CEPARL, UNESCO, and PNUD have long forecast development and consumerism are imminently destroying the environment, the earth, and life itself, and education needs to prepare humans to create another model of life. This development should be based in solutions and alternatives that look for an equilibrium between social equality and economic development, and a respect for the environmental limitations of the ecosystems that compose the biosphere. It is important to study everything that a sustainable development would propose in the classroom as in any other space available, starting with the agreements of the program of the millenium of the PNUD to achieve an inclusive and quality education. Education is one of the most powerful motors and guarantees of sustainable development, at the intersection of social, economic, and environmental problems. Compromise is necessary from the states through educational entities in each country to non-governmental organizations and civil society.
Use Semi-Structured Discussion in Health Economics Seminars
Authors: Zhou Peng
Published: September 2019

This chapter applies the semi-structured discussion approach to organising seminars in higher education using an undergraduate Health Economics module as a case study. It provides the theoretical rationale by re-investigating the different roles of lectures and seminars in learning and teaching. Evidence shows that it significantly improves the students' engagement and active thinking in a social learning environment. That is because a dialectic discussion involving both students and tutors results in a deeper understanding of welfarism and alternative value system, which are the fundamental principles underlying people's decision-making related to trade-offs between outcome efficiency and procedural fairness. Therefore, this approach is believed to improve the long-term holistic development of students' values and attitudes towards social, economic, environmental, and cultural matters.
International Movement of Highly Skilled Professionals
Authors: Tolstoguzov Oleg , Pitukhina Maria
Published: September 2019

Science has become a direct productive force. Structural changes in the knowledge production world system as well as in knowledge economy geography are widely shown. Capital is slowly being shifted towards periphery, while its surplus (investment part) is transferred to other countries (where capital conditions are more attractive), thus leading to science funding increase in the countries that are already innovative leaders. Capital is always followed by intellectuals, highly skilled professionals, academic degree holders. A new type of economy development is possible due to human capital quality increase, in particular, thanks to knowledge concentration and science financing increase. In order to ensure knowledge concentration it is necessary to stimulate innovation activity, to regulate knowledge flows and brain migration, to develop the institutions that stimulate innovations and reduce agents' discrimination, to develop research schools, pursue a sustainable state innovative policy, modernize education processes. In the context of innovative economy and growing market competition both state's role and state responsibilities have strengthened.
Multicultural Urban Business Environment
Authors: Onyusheva Irina , Thammashote Lalita , Thongaim Jatuporn
Published: September 2019

This chapter considers in detail the issue of multicultural urban business environments in the context of managing cross-cultural problems within globalization. When people try to accept and respect different cultures, they will gain new opportunities and experiences. One of the most effective tools is tolerant communication leading to understanding and acceptance of cultural diversity. In this research, we study the contemporary concept of urban business environments as a set of external and internal factors influencing business development in the framework of an urban infrastructure. The authors provide their own definition of the concept of globalization and also describe the key global trends, including globalization of human capital under the conditions of demographic and cultural diversity. The work is also aimed to detect how multiculture affects urban business environment in part of finding managerial solutions and countermeasures to overcome the major cross-cultural challenges.
Impact of Global Pattern on the EU Economic Growth and Urbanization
Authors: Staníčková Michaela , Melecký Lukáš
Published: September 2019

Regional development policies based on local potential triggers a shift in the economic structure of territories. Exogenous and endogenous factors determine potential of regional development and it is necessary to use different indicators and methods to its evaluation. For the chapter purpose, it is required to define metropolitan and peripheral functions as well as urban areas in the form of geographic models, depicting their spatial distribution in the European Union (EU). Nowadays, regions are increasingly becoming the drivers of the economy. All regions possess development opportunities – however, use these options enough, and hence the competitiveness of regions must be efficient enough. The chapter focuses on dividing the EU NUTS 2 regions based on geographic models of the European economy into efficient and inefficient ones and identifying an optimal benchmark for inefficient regions as a strategy for enhancing their economic structure to measure regional efforts and progress.