bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New general decay results for a viscoelastic plate equation with a logarithmic nonlinearity
Authors: Al-Gharabli Mohammad M.
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we investigate the stability of the solutions of a viscoelastic plate equation with a logarithmic nonlinearity. We assume that the relaxation functiongsatisfies the minimal condition$$ g^{\prime }(t)\le -\xi (t) G\bigl(g(t)\bigr), $$g′(t)≤−ξ(t)G(g(t)),whereξandGsatisfy some properties. With this very general assumption on the behavior ofg, we establish explicit and general energy decay results from which we can recover the exponential and polynomial rates when$G(s) = s^{p}$G(s)=spandpcovers the full admissible range$[1, 2)$[1,2). Our new results substantially improve and generalize several earlier related results in the literature such as Gorka (Acta Phys. Pol. 40:59–66, 2009), Hiramatsu et al. (J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 2010(06):008, 2010), Han and Wang (Acta Appl. Math. 110(1):195–207, 2010), Messaoudi and Al-Khulaifi (Appl. Math. Lett. 66:16–22, 2017), Mustafa (Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 41(1):192–204, 2018), and Al-Gharabli et al. (Commun. Pure Appl. Anal. 18(1):159–180, 2019).
Coupled implicit Caputo fractional q-difference systems
Authors: Abbas Saïd , Benchohra Mouffak , Samet Bessem , Zhou Yong
Published: December 2019

This paper deals with some existence, uniqueness, and Ulam stability results for a coupled implicit Caputo fractional q-difference system in Banach and generalized Banach spaces. Some applications are made of some fixed point theorems for the existence and uniqueness of solutions. Next we prove that our problem is generalized Ulam–Hyers–Rassias stable. Some illustrative examples are given in the last section.
New results on Caputo fractional-order neutral differential inclusions without compactness
Authors: Alqudah Manar A. , Ravichandran C. , Abdeljawad Thabet , Valliammal N.
Published: December 2019

This article deals with existence results of Caputo fractional neutral inclusions without compactness in Banach space using weak topology. In fact, for weakly sequentially closed maps we apply fixed point theorems to obtain the existence of the solution. Furthermore, the results are manifested for fractional neutral system held by nonlocal conditions. To justify the application of the reported results an illustration is presented.
In vitro toxic evaluation of two gliptins and their main impurities of synthesis
Authors: Giordani Camila F. A. , Campanharo Sarah , Wingert Nathalie R. , Bueno Lívia M. , Manoel Joanna W. , Costa Barbara , Cattani Shanda , Arbo Marcelo Dutra , Garcia Solange Cristina , Garcia Cássia Virginia , Volpato Nádia Maria , Schapoval Elfrides Eva Scherman , Steppe Martin
Published: December 2019

Background

The presence of impurities in some drugs may compromise the safety and efficacy of the patient’s treatment. Therefore, establishing of the biological safety of the impurities is essential. Diabetic patients are predisposed to tissue damage due to an increased oxidative stress process; and drug impurities may contribute to these toxic effects. In this context, the aim of this work was to study the toxicity, in 3 T3 cells, of the antidiabetic agents sitagliptin, vildagliptin, and their two main impurities of synthesis (S1 and S2; V1 and V2, respectively).

Methods

MTT reduction and neutral red uptake assays were performed in cytotoxicity tests. In addition, DNA damage (measured by comet assay), intracellular free radicals (by DCF), NO production, and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔψM) were evaluated.

Results

Cytotoxicity was observed for impurity V2. Free radicals generation was found at 1000 μM of sitagliptin and 10 μM of both vildagliptin impurities (V1 and V2). A decrease in NO production was observed for all vildagliptin concentrations. No alterations were observed in ΔψM or DNA damage at the tested concentrations.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that the presence of impurities might increase the cytotoxicity and oxidative stress of the pharmaceutical formulations at the concentrations studied.
Nuclear factor erythroid 2 – related factor 2 and its relationship with cellular response in nickel exposure: a systems biology analysis
Authors: Jiménez-Vidal Luisa , Espitia-Pérez Pedro , Torres-Ávila José , Ricardo-Caldera Dina , Salcedo-Arteaga Shirley , Galeano-Páez Claudia , Pastor-Sierra Karina , Espitia-Pérez Lyda
Published: December 2019

Background

Nickel and nickel-containing compounds (NCC) are known human carcinogens. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of nickel-induced malignant transformation remain unknown. Proposed mechanisms suggest that nickel and NCC may participate in the dual activation/inactivation of enzymatic pathways involved in cell defenses against oxidative damage, where Nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a central role.

Methods

For assessing the potential role of proteins involved in the Nrf2-mediated response to nickel and NCC exposure, we designed an interactome network using the STITCH search engine version 5.0 and the STRING software 10.0. The major NCC-protein interactome (NCPI) generated was analyzed using the MCODE plugin, version 1.5.1 for the detection of interaction modules or subnetworks. Main centralities of the NCPI were determined with the CentiScape 2.2 plugin of Cytoscape 3.4.0 and main biological processes associated with each cluster were assessed using the BiNGO plugin of Cytoscape 3.4.0.

Results

Water-soluble NiSO4and insoluble Ni3S2were the most connected to proteins involved in the NCPI network. Nfr2 was detected as one of the most relevant proteins in the network, participating in several multifunctional protein complexes in clusters 1, 2, 3 and 5. Ontological analysis of cluster 3 revealed several processes related to unfolded protein response (UPR) and response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.

Conclusions

Cellular response to NCC exposure was very comparable, particularly concerning oxidative stress response, inflammation, cell cycle/proliferation, and apoptosis. In this cellular response, Nfr2 was highly centralized and participated in several multifunctional protein complexes, including several related to ER-stress. These results add evidence on the possible Ni2+induced – ER stress mainly associated with insoluble NCC. In this scenario, we also show how protein degradation mediated by ubiquitination seems to play key roles in cellular responses to Ni.
Prosopis juliflora invasion and environmental factors on density of soil seed bank in Afar Region, Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Shiferaw Wakshum , Bekele Tamrat , Demissew Sebsebe , Aynekulu Ermias
Published: December 2019

The aims of the study were to analyze (1) the effects of Prosopis juliflora (Prosopis) on the spatial distribution and soil seed banks (SSB) diversity and density, (2) the effects of environmental factors on SSB diversity and density (number of seeds in the soil per unit area), and (3) the effects of animal fecal droppings on SSB diversity, density, and dispersal. Aboveground vegetation data were collected from different Prosopis-infested habitats from quadrats (20 × 20 m) in Prosopis thickets, Prosopis + native species stand, non-invaded woodlands, and open grazing lands. In each Prosopis-infested habitats, soil samples were collected from the litter layer and three successive soil layer, i.e., 0–3 cm, 3–6 cm, and 6–9 cm. Seeds from soil samples and animal fecal matter were separated in the green house using the seedling emergence technique. Invasion of Prosopis had significant effects on the soil seed bank diversity. Results revealed that the mean value of the Shannon diversity of non-invaded woodlands was being higher by 19.2%, 18.5%, and 11.0% than Prosopis thickets; Prosopis + native species stand and open grazing lands, respectively. The seed diversity and richness, recovered from 6–9-cm-deep layer were the highest. On the other hand, the density of Prosopis seeds was the highest in the litter layer. About 156 of seeds/kg (92.9%) of seeds were germinated from cattle fecal matter. However, in a small proportion of seedlings, 12 of seeds/kg (7.1%) were germinated from shot fecal matter. Thus, as the seeds in the soil were low in the study areas, in situ and ex situ conservation of original plants and reseeding of persistent grass species such as Cynodon dactylon, Cenchrus ciliaris, Chrysopogon plumulosus, and Brachiaria ramosa are recommended.
Productive performance and meat quality of commercial Cobb chicken fed diets containing different levels of prickly pear fruits (Opuntia ficus indica) peel
Authors: Badr Sherif E. A. , Fattah Mohamed Saleh Abdel , Elsaid Ahmed Salah
Published: December 2019

Background

The objective of this study was to determine the impacts arising from the substitution of prickly pear fruits (Opuntia ficus indica) peels at different levels (0, 5, 10, and 15%) with yellow corn grain in broiler diets and meat quality. In this study, 200 male chick of commercial Cobb breed were used to study the effect of partially replacing of yellow corn grain (YC) with prickly pear fruits peel powder (PPP). Chicks were divided into four treatments (50 birds each), each treatment contained 5 replicates of 10 birds each. The experimental treatments were the following: 1—control diet (R1). 2—diet containing 5% pp (R2). 3—diet containing 10% pp (R3), and 4—diet containing 15% pp (R4). Feeding trails extending to 6 weeks.

Results

Obtained results illustrated that feed intake, live body weight, feed conversion ratio of broiler fed diet containing PPP were better (P < 0.05) than that of control. Broilers fed diet containing 5, 10, and 15% PPP were heavier (P < 0.05) by 1.60, 3.68, and 5.78%, respectively, over those fed the control diet. Inoculation of diets containing PPP achieved high (P < 0.05) carcasses weight and dressing% compared with control. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were detected for serum total protein, and total globulin of blood serum broiler as feeding inclusion levels of tested diets. Broiler fed diets contained 15% achieved higher degrees of taste, color, odor (aroma), texture, and overall acceptability. Highest (P < 0.05) biological value, true-digestibility and net protein utilization of broiler meat-fed PPP than other groups of control which was expected, as casein is a protein source with optimal digestibility.

Conclusions

It could be concluded that feeding commercial Cobb chicken on diets containing 15% prickly pear peel (Opuntia ficus indica) peel substituted with yellow corn grain, resulted in superior nutrition status and better daily gain, feed conversion ratio, economical efficiency, and better meat quality, as compared with other groups could be recommended.
Psychiatrists should tread cautiously in firearms risk assessment
Authors: Bryant Robin
Published: December 2019

Ann Mortimer's article on gun control and licensing in the UK makes some important points concerning the role of the psychiatrist during the licensing process and the complexities surrounding this. However, the risk-assessment framework (describing low, medium and high risk) that she proposes is problematic.
Impact of Nonadsorbed Ionomer on Viscosity of Catalyst Inks for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
Authors: Yoshimune Wataru , Harada Masashi
Published: December 2019

In a catalyst ink for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs), some of the ionomer is adsorbed on the carbon-supported Pt catalyst (Pt/C), which enhances the ink stability, while the rest is dispersed in the solvent as a nonadsorbed ionomer. To clarify the effect of nonadsorbed ionomer on the ink viscosity, the amount of nonadsorbed ionomer in the catalyst ink was evaluated by small-angle neutron scattering (CV-SANS). At high-shear viscosity, the nonadsorbed ionomer was found to act as ionomer solution described by the Huggins equation. Moreover, comparison with the CV-SANS results revealed that the conventional filtration method overestimates the amount of nonadsorbed ionomer in a catalyst ink.
EFFECTS OF BIAS VOLTAGES ON ADHESION AND PROPERTIES OF CHROMIUM NITRIDE THIN FILMS
Authors: Trinh Trung Van , Pham Tuan , Nguyen Hop , Nguyen Thanh Van
Published: December 2019

Thin films were deposited on SUS440 stainless steel samples by arc plasma evaporation at substrate bias voltages of 10–100 V. X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, microhardness test, and electrochemical test were used to investigate the morphology and properties of the thin films. Particularly, the thin films were composed of chromium nitride (CrN, phases of CrN + Cr) and 0.76 mm thick. They were deposited with microdroplets on the samples. The surface hardness of these films reached the highest value of 1492 HV at the bias of 20 V. As the bias voltage increased, the adhesion of the CrN thin films decreased. The excessively high bias voltage of 100 V led to the delamination of the CrN thin films. The electrochemical test demonstrated that the corrosion resistance in the 3% NaCl solution of CrN coating can be improved.
FEATURES OF TEXTURE FORMATION IN POLYMORPHIC METALS BEING ELECTRODEPOSITED
Authors: Girin Oleg , Ovcharenko Volodymyr , Korolyanchuk Dmytro
Published: December 2019

The aim of this work was further experimental verification of the existence of the phenomenon of electrochemical phase formation in metals and alloys via a supercooled liquid state stage. According to proposed idea the slowing down of the process of polymorphic transformation in a metal being electrodeposited should be accompanied by an intensive formation of the texture of the metastable modification and suppression of the texture development of the stable modification. The results of the texture analysis of electrodeposited cobalt as a model metal showed that under slowing down the polymorphic transformation process in a metal being electrodeposited, the texture formation is intensified in the metastable modification, but suppressed in the stable modification. The finding is another proof of the existence of the phenomenon of electrochemical phase formation in metals and alloys through a supercooled liquid state stage.
Using the Force of Representation
Authors: Walker Casey
Published: December 2019

This paper explores how the most recent Star Wars films released after Disney's acquisition of Lucasfilm, Episode VII: The Force Awakens and Episode VIII: The Last Jedi, serve as a fertile discursive space for the growing anxieties over the rise of the white nationalist movement in the United States over the last decade.  Unlike previous Star Wars trilogies, Episodes VII and VIII foreground the "Other" in juxtaposition to the whiteness that the Empire and First Order represent both figuratively and literally.  By incorporating a more diverse array of characters, such as people of color, women, and immigrants, the Resistance is juxtaposed against the mostly white, mostly male First Order in these films.  This has led to the First Order being read by many as a symbol of the white nationalism movement, as it strives to maintain its own perceived superiority over the resistance of "Others."
Realizing Resistance Through Scholarship and Beyond
Authors: Langsdale Samantha
Published: December 2019

No abstract.
Current Status of Guava (Psidium Guajava L) Production, Utilization, Processing and Preservation in Kenya: A Review
Authors: Omayio Duke G. , Abong George O. , Okoth Michael W. , Gachuiri Charles K. , Mwang’ombe Agnes W.
Published: December 2019

The guava (Psidium guajava L.) tree is extensively grown in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. It is quite resilient, highly productive, has high economic returns and requires minimal care. The fruit is very nutritious with a characteristic flavor and has a high demand internationally especially when processed into pulp, concentrates, ready to serve beverages, wines, as well as jams and jellies. Although Kenya has a favorable climate for guava farming, the fruit’s nutritional and economic potential remain highly underutilized due to low adoption of processing and preservation techniques in addition to limited research. This review focuses on guava production utilization, processing and preservation with emphasis on Kenya There has been progressive increase in the total acreage under guava farming with various varieties of guavas being produced. The country produces as much as 11,327 tons of guava fruits worth 1.1 million US dollars although the fruit is mainly cultivated for local consumption with minimal processing. Naturalized guavas from sprouts of randomly dispersed seeds are common across all the agroecological zones both in the wild and on farms except in the arid areas. The fruit is however, climacteric and has a high rate of perishability resulting to high postharvest losses when in season. Processing of guavas into commercial products can increase the fruit’s value, improve farmers’ household incomes and enhance their utilization. The guava value chain also remains highly underexploited and since it is a neglected crop, there is need for a multisectoral approach in order to exploit the nutritional and economic potential of the fruit.
A diagnostic dilemma: a firm left submandibular node
Authors: Shabir Aisha , Halai Tina , Eyeson Josiah
Published: December 2019

A diagnostic conundrum of a firm, left submandibular node presenting in a 35-year-old female with a history of pain and persistent swelling is described. This paper aims to educate readers on the differential diagnostic dilemma that may be faced in general practice and discusses the importance of shared care in a multidisciplinary setting.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The presentation of this clinical case is discussed with radiographic imaging and the multidisciplinary approach undertaken for patient management. Readers can identify the steps undertaken in this case to exclude conditions in the surgical sieve.
Raising the bar: development of a perinatal bereavement programme
Authors: Steen Sue E
Published: December 2019

The care a family receives at the time of perinatal loss can have a significant and lasting impact, hence it is important for healthcare providers to offer quality care that will meet the family's needs. Our hospital embarked on a journey to develop a perinatal bereavement programme that would give compassionate and excellent care to all families who experienced perinatal loss at any time during their pregnancy. Components of our bereavement programme include leadership, administrative and financial support, communication, well-educated and supported staff, and a process for individualised care. A perinatal bereavement programme can help institutions, large or small, to provide quality care for bereaved families and help them through this difficult experience. The purpose of this article is to discuss hospital-wide bereavement care, both on a large scale, detailing the specifics of programme development, and on a smaller scale, individualised care for families.
‘We need a physician who is a human being too’: exploration of barriers and facilitators for hospitalised palliative patients and their families to discuss advance care planning
Authors: Vanderhaeghen Birgit , Bossuyt Inge , De Nys Katelijne , Menten Johan , Rober Peter
Published: December 2019

Background:

Advance care planning (ACP) is not well implemented in hospital. Implementation theory stresses the importance of knowing what hospitalised palliative patients and their families experience as barriers or as facilitators in the uptake of ACP with their treating physician.

Aims:

This study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of what hospitalised palliative patients and their families experienced as barriers or facilitators for having ACP conversations.

Methods:

We used a tape-assisted recall procedure to conduct 29 videotaped interviews with hospitalised patients and their families. We used content analysis based on grounded theory principles.

Results:

Four major fields of tension were discovered: not knowing what to expect from the treating physician; not being sure the treating physician can be a trusted partner; daring to speak about ACP; and staying loyal to one's own wishes.

Conclusions:

Patients and families need physicians who are accessible and can be trusted ACP partners throughout the disease process.
Spirituality-focused end-of-life care among paediatric patients: evidence from Saudi Arabia?
Authors: Khraisat Omar MA , Alkhawaldeh Abdullah , Abuhammad Sawsan
Published: December 2019

Background:

Spirituality has been recognised as an essential aspect of patient care.

Aim:

To assess the greatest facilitators that would help to provide spirituality for paediatric end of life. Methods: Two hundred and fifty oncology nurses were surveyed using a spirituality and spiritual care rating questionnaire.

Findings:

The greatest facilitators perceived by nurses were: believe in spirituality as a unifying force that enables one to be at peace with oneself and the world; listening and allowing patients time to discuss and explore their fears; and using art, creativity and self-expression; respect for privacy, dignity and religious and cultural beliefs of a patient.

Conclusions:

Many nursing-related facilitators to spirituality care were found. They need to be addressed and supported through education and training.
Research Roundup
Authors: Heggs Karen
Published: December 2019

Synopses of a selection of recently published research articles of relevance to palliative care
Second-harmonic generation and its nonlinear depolarization from lithium niobate thin films
Authors: Ma Junjun , Chen Jiaxin , Ren Mengxin , Wu Wei , Cai Wei , Xu Jingjun
Published: December 2019

In this Letter, we present systematic studies of the second-harmonic generation (SHG) behaviors of lithium niobate (LN) thin film, including comprehensively evaluating its second-order nonlinear susceptibility elements and characterizing the SH polarization states as functions of fundamental wavelengths and polarizations. Moreover, the film shows an advantage of SH enhancement resulting from Fabry–Perot resonance compared with its bulk counterpart. We further show a type of nonlinear effect from LN film, called the nonlinear depolarization effect, in which the degree of polarization (DOP) of SH is nonlinearly dependent on the intensity of the fundamental frequency wave. Such a nonlinear effect would enable novel light sources with controllable DOP. Our results would be useful in developing compact SHG devices and the related multi-functional monolithic integrated LN photonic chips.
Multiphoton absorption in type-II InAs/GaSb superlattice structure
Authors: Zhao Chengcheng , Huang Jianliang , Nie Biying , Zhang Jinchuan , Zhang Yanhua , Ma Wenquan
Published: December 2019

We report on multiphoton absorption (MPA) of a type-II superlattice (T2SL) infrared photodetector using InAs/GaSb materials. At 87 K, the 100% cutoff wavelength of the detector response is 3.4 µm for linear absorption; however, we have observed degenerate two and higher MPA using a quantum cascade laser (

λ
=
4.6

µ

m

) as the excitation source. The observed photocurrent responses are designated as due to two-photon, five-photon, and 11-photon absorption for different incident laser power ranges. Considering the wide detection wavelength range covered, which extends from 1 to 30 µm, this result may demonstrate unlimited potential for research and applications based on MPA using InAs/GaSb T2SL materials.
Citizen journalists, sports fans or advocates? The motivations of female independent sports media producers in Australia
Authors: Sherwood Merryn
Published: December 2019

Australia’s major sporting codes proudly promote the fact that almost 40 per cent of their fans are women, however, this gender balance is not reflected in the composition of the media workforce covering sport. Further, there is very little mainstream media coverage of women’s sport and female athletes in Australia. However, the advent of digital media and lower barriers of access into the media market have led to a proliferation of women creating independent sports media; that is, media produced outside newsrooms by individuals who are not professional journalists. These products, which mostly comprise websites and podcasts, focus on sport generally and women’s sport and female athletes more specifically. These products have regularly secured accreditation to cover events and interview talent, an indication they have been accepted into the sports media landscape, and have started to develop significant audiences. This study conducted in-depth qualitative interviews to explore who these women are, why they create digital sports media products and whether they believe they are practising journalism.
Student responses to a new project model capstone unit in journalism
Authors: Shine Kathryn , Cullen Trevor
Published: December 2019

Tertiary educators across the globe are trying to identify the best way for students to complete their studies in a unit that synthesizes learning to date and prepares them to enter the workforce. The final unit, or capstone, has increasingly emerged as a key issue in higher education in recent years, and is the subject of a growing body of research. However, researchers have not reached consensus about the most suitable model for a capstone unit. The absence of a uniform approach is pronounced within the field of journalism education, where capstone units are not universal and a number of models are being used. In Australia, research has found that most undergraduate journalism programmes include a capstone unit, but that there are three models: the internship, the newsroom simulation and the project. The aim here is not to argue that one model is more effective than and preferable to others. Instead, this study contributes to the capstone literature by outlining student responses to a new project model capstone unit for journalism undergraduates at a Western Australian university. It evaluates the unit’s effectiveness against the stated purposes and principles of a capstone experience, and concludes that the project can achieve the dual aims of enhancing disciplinary skills and developing broader transferable abilities.
Aesthetic Dynamics, Inc. Presents: Afro-American Images 1971
Authors: Winslow Margaret
Published: December 2019

In February 1971, the artist collective Aesthetic Dynamics, Inc. presented its first major undertaking: an exhibition of over 130 works of art by 66 artists. Organized as a memorial to the late James A. Porter, Afro-American Images 1971 was presented at the National Guard Armory in Wilmington, Delaware. Many of the artists who participated in the show were well-established nationally; however, the location and inclusion of many artists known only to the local community resulted in the marginalization of this significant exhibition. In 2021, the Delaware Art Museum will restage the exhibition as a collaborative curatorial partnership with past and currents members of Aesthetic Dynamics, Inc. in an effort to counter this historical amnesia. Restaging as a curatorial methodology is a constructive means through which to aid in the recovery of the 1971 project, its archival record and its significance locally and nationally.
Restaging Origin, Restaging Difference: Restaging Harald Szeemann's Work
Authors: Foster Nicola
Published: December 2019

The most common form of restaging is that of the retrospective exhibition, for it can be used to provide a platform for the museum to reaffirm the original exhibition and in turn reaffirm itself as host. For Harald Szeemann, the role of the curator was that of a mediator who, through the exhibition, should attempt to halt the abovementioned closed-circuit of affirmations by questioning existing boundaries and canons. His own work, however, has been repeatedly restaged in recent years. This article focuses on two restagings: the Prada Foundation's When Attitudes Become Form: Bern 1969/Venice 2013 (2013) and the Getty Research Institute's Harald Szeemann: Museum of Obsessions (2018). I argue that restaged exhibitions can take two different forms: they can be focused on revising traditional canons and hierarchies, or they can serve to reaffirm the exhibition and the hosting institution. The two forms are interdependent, however, and most restagings contain a mixture of the two.
Dynamics of digital constituent outreach and engagement in linguistically divided societies: A quantitative look at the Canadian case
Authors: Richez Emmanuelle , Raynauld Vincent
Published: December 2019

This article unpacks how legislators in five Canadian provinces turn to official languages (French and English) for digital constituent outreach. In a linguistically fragmented society, use of languages is highly strategic as they can help spread information on political matters to the public and help legislators build support ahead of elections. This article first measures legislators' uses of bilingualism in the digital mediascape with the help of an index. It finds that legislators tend to be mostly unilingual in their digital constituent communications. Second, this article identifies factors influencing legislators' linguistic choices. It tests correlations between legislators' socio-demographic and political profile (e.g. gender, party affiliation, political rank) and uses of official languages. It also determines if the linguistic makeup of legislators' ridings impacts language choices. This article concludes that these variables may impact legislator's use of bilingualism depending on the province of origin and the type of online platform.
A enfermaria de S. Jacinto e o auxílio aos doentes com tuberculose pela Venerável Ordem Terceira da Penitência de S. Francisco de Coimbra (1908-1944)
Authors: Da Silva Ana Margaridas Dias , Marques Adelino
Published: December 2019

A Ordem Terceira de Coimbra, fundada a 5 de janeiro de 1659, desde cedo promoveu a assistência espiritual e material aos seus membros. A fundação do hospital (1851) e asilo (1884) garantiu o socorro na doença e na velhice aos seus irmãos. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a enfermaria destinada a tratar irmãos doentes de tuberculose. Construída com o patrocínio da irmã benfeitora D. Maria José Augusta Barata da Silva, a enfermaria de S. Jacinto foi inaugurada a 2 de janeiro de 1909, em memória do seu filho Jacinto Adelino Barata da Silva, vítima da tuberculose. A partir dos Pedidos de admissão no hospital (1857–1949), dos Registos de entradas e saídas, (1852–1977) e das Papeletas (1857–1950) dos doentes, existentes no arquivo da instituição, foi possível identificar 23 doentes com tuberculose (60,9% homens e 39,1% mulheres). Com idades à data do internamento entre os 23 e os 74 anos (idade média=48 anos), os doentes ficaram hospitalizados entre 10 dias e 16 anos. Os homens eram maioritariamente artesãos e nas mulheres predominavam as domésticas. Os dados destes indivíduos bem como as dietas hospitalares e as terapêuticas aplicadas serão alvo de discussão. A informação detalhada existente acerca destes pacientes auxiliará o conhecimento sobre a tuberculose na era pré-antibióticos.
Contribution of paleopathology to the knowledge of the origin and spread of tuberculosis: evidence from Portugal
Authors: Santos Ana Luísa , Matos Vítor M. J.
Published: December 2019

Paleopathology contributes to the knowledge of health and disease in past populations. In the case of tuberculosis, paleopathological research contributes to a better understanding of the antiquity and spread of the disease around the globe, as well as in Portugal. These aspects are the objectives of this work. Genomic research on the Koch bacillus indicates a co-evolution with African Homo sapiens. However, macroscopic, microscopic, imaging and biomolecular analyzes of human skeletal remains suggest that tuberculosis (TB) began to affect humans during the Neolithic period. For several decades the paleopathological diagnosis of tuberculosis was essentially based on the identification of Pott’s disease. More recently, the study of identified skeletal collections has revealed a statistically significant association between both new bone formation on the visceral surface of the ribs and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and cause of death by pulmonary tuberculosis. Therefore, these skeletal signs have been used to assist in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary TB. Portugal, as in many other countries, notably European countries, was greatly affected by tuberculosis. However, the paleopathological record in the national territory can be considered quite scarce. Amongst the 8000 individuals studied from archaeological excavations, only 81 have bone changes compatible with the disease. Continued research on human and animal osteological remains will certainly bring new developments concerning the antiquity, evolution and spread of tuberculosis across populations and continents.
A Necrópole de Alapraia: o local do sono eterno de uma população humana. O que os restos ósseos humanos nos revelam sobre ela…
Authors: Silva Ana Maria
Published: December 2019

A Necrópole de Alapraia (Cascais), datada do Neolítico final, é constituída por quatro grutas artificiais escavadas entre os anos de 1889 e 1943. Restos ósseos humanos foram recuperados das grutas II, III e IV. Este espólio acabou por ficar esquecido e depositado no Museu Condes de Castro Guimarães, em Cascais, sem nunca ter sido estudado de modo aprofundado. Nos finais da década de 2000, foram localizados restos ósseos humanos da gruta II no antigo Museu Antropológico da Universidade de Coimbra e no Museu dos Serviços Geológicos, em Lisboa, o que levou ao estudo de todo o espólio ósseo humano recuperado da referida Necrópole. A maioria do espólio ósseo humano provém da gruta II. Nesta, foram depositados no mínimo 49 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, dos quais 22 faleceram com menos de 15 anos. Destaca-se a presença de um osso supranumerário do pé, o calcaneum secundarium (2/8), e de uma cúspide acessória num incisivo lateral superior esquerdo (cúspide de talon), constituindo esta última o caso mais antigo documentado para o atual território português. Entre as patologias observadas, evidenciam-se as lesões traumáticas, todas remodeladas. Estas incluem uma fratura por depressão num crânio de um indivíduo adolescente, nas diáfises de um 5.º metacarpiano esquerdo, 4.º metatarsiano, falange distal do pé, além de um bloco (anquilose) de duas vértebras torácicas de adultos. De salientar ainda a pesquisa em documentação antiga que se revelou extremamente útil para reconstituir o percurso deste espólio ósseo antigo entre diversas instituições.
Matzevot kevurah esquecidas — resgate etnoarqueológico do Cemitério Judaico de Gurupá, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Cunha Cláudia , Marques Fernando , Fonseca Diego , Benathar Cássia , Farage Elton , Lima Helena , Benchimol Alegria
Published: December 2019

O Cemitério Judaico de Gurupá, no Pará, esteve em uso entre a segunda metade do século XIX e a primeira metade do século XX como local de sepultamento da comunidade judaica local, estabelecida na região por conta do comércio a retalho que teve seu auge durante o Ciclo da Borracha. Com o fim deste, o êxodo de grande parte das famílias praticantes do judaísmo, a consequente desestruturação desta comunidade e a conversão dos remanescentes ao cristianismo, o cemitério entrou em desuso. As lápides, em sua maioria escritas em hebraico, perderam significado com a morte dos mais velhos ainda falantes do idioma. O trabalho aqui apresentado envolveu a limpeza do espaço cemiterial e dos túmulos, o registro gráfico e fotográfico do espaço, a tradução das suas lápides e a recolha de informações orais junto à comunidade com o objetivo de resgatar parte da memória do espaço e da comunidade à qual ele servia. O estudo revelou aspectos inéditos da Antropologia Funerária de uma comunidade judaica na Amazônia e do seu esforço na manutenção das tradições hebraicas apesar do isolamento.
Linking worlds: a theoretical reflection on some preconditions for ethnographic collaborations in personalized medicine
Authors: Da Costa José Carlos Pinto
Published: December 2019

Precision, or personalized, medicine (PM) is a ground-breaking approach to medical care which aims to predict, prevent and treat diseases by studying, on an individual scale, the pathogenic potential of the association between genetic and environmental factors. As one of the most important outcomes of biotechnological research, PM is generated in the lab. Nonetheless, the impacts of PM will be observed outside of the lab, namely, on the modification of population’s patterns of use and access to healthcare. Taking PM as object of study, anthropologists are challenged to make a double reflection. The first consists in understanding which peculiarities an ethnography should have to grasp engineers’ and other experts’ underlying modes of knowing and doing inside de lab. The second, more analytical, consists in identifying the indicators revealed by that ethnography which may promote an interpretation of how these modes simultaneously mirror and resonate a given cultural will located both upstream and downstream the lab — from and to outside of it. The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the hypothesis stressing that an ethnographic collaboration might configure an effective way of doing this.
Influence of weight loss on the clinical manifestations of osteoarthritis of the knee-joints.
Authors: Solov'eva Inna Vladimirovna , Strebkova Ekaterina Aleksandrovna , Alekseeva Lyudmila Ivanovna , Mkrtumyan Ashot Musaelovich
Published: December 2019

Obesity consistently associated with the development of a number of chronic diseases, leading to a decrease in quality of life, disability and death. The article examines the connection between obesity and disease of the musculoskeletal system, describes the mechanisms by means of which obesity leads to the development of osteoarthritis. It is evident that reduction of body mass can slow the progression of osteoporosis. The own experience of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment of obesity with the use of orlistat in 50 obese patients with osteoarthritis of the knee IIIII stage is presented. Treatment has resulted in a decrease in body weight, waist circumference, accompanied by a decrease in symptoms osteoarthritis among all the patients. Our results showed that the addition of orlistat to standard osteoarthritis scheme leads to significant reduction in weight and reduction of clinical manifestations of osteoarthritis. According to the above, the drugs that have impact on weight loss, should be included in the treatment regimen of patients with osteoarthritis and obesity.

This article is the PeReint of the original publication in Obesity and Metaboilism (2014) 11(4); pp. 41-47. doi: 10.14341/omet2014441-47
Deficiência Visual e Educação Matemática: estudo dos artigos publicados nos anais dos Encontros Nacionais de Educação Matemática
Authors: Cintra Vanessa de Paula , Beirigo José Augusto Cambraia
Published: December 2019

Esta é uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo. Tem por objetivo apresentar um estudo das pesquisas que envolvem a deficiência visual, publicadas em todos os anais dos Encontros Nacionais de Educação Matemática, considerado um dos principais eventos da comunidade de Educação Matemática do Brasil. Para selecionar os artigos, buscamos as seguintes palavras-chave: deficiência visual, cegos, inclusão e Necessidades Educacionais Especiais. Encontramos 38 trabalhos, que em nossa análise foram subdivididos em eixos: atividades didáticas; formação de professores e perspectivas. Podemos observar que nas sete primeiras edições do evento, o assunto não foi abordado e só a partir de 2004 surgiram os primeiros trabalhos na perspectiva aqui investigada e, ainda, em 70% destas pesquisas, o objetivo geral foi desenvolver metodologias para o ensino da Matemática para alunos com deficiência visual.
Educação para a diversidade e reconhecimento de habilidades e oferta de oportunidades na escola: uma necessidade fundamental de educação para todos
Authors: Mosquera Hugo Edilberto Florido
Published: December 2019

Em tempos de globalização vale a pena construir abordagens educacionais baseadas no direito de reconhecimento pleno da diversidade do ser humano nas formas de fazer, sentir, ser e ser no mundo. Por esse motivo é importante abordar a educação para a diversidade como uma educação para todos, sustentado no enfoque do direito,  proporcionando à escola oportunidades razoáveis que atendam a diversidade e capacidades. Esses princípios tem como fundamento as sugestões do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento (PNUD), afirmando em seu objetivo de desenvolvimento sustentável 4 (ODS4) que a educação será equitativa, inclusiva e de qualidade e promoverá oportunidades suficientes para todos, para que o aprendizado seja para a vida toda. Este artigo objetiva mostrar entre educação para a diversidade (educação para todos, equitativa, inclusiva e de qualidade) e sua relação com as capacidades humanas e as oportunidades que a escola deve oferecer para a conquista da aprendizagem ao longo da vida, em todas as comunidades, sem prejudicar sua contextualização  e / ou condição.
Concepções da equipe escolar sobre as necessidades formativas e laborais dos alunos da inclusão
Authors: Felicio Cinthia Maria , Gonçalves Jullyana Pimenta Borges
Published: December 2019

Este estudo, realizado em uma escola pública estadual em Caldas Novas-GO, objetiva descrever a formação, práticas educativas e  visão da equipe responsável sobre futura inserção de alunos com Necessidades Educacionais Especiais (NEE) no mundo do trabalho. Realizou-se um estudo de caso, de abordagem qualitativa, com uso de entrevista e questionário semiestruturado, aplicados aos coordenadores pedagógicos, professores de apoio (PA) à inclusão e professores regentes (PR) que atuam no Ensino Médio. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de formação docente continuada, voltada à educação inclusiva; melhoria quanto a realização de adequações para favorecer ao aluno com NEE; articulação entre PR e PA para colaboração visando ao desenvolvimento do aluno. Ademais, os responsáveis pela inclusão necessitam ser melhor sensibilizados quanto a relevância da mediação da aprendizagem, essenciais para que o aluno com NEE consiga futura inserção no mundo do trabalho, questão a ser repensada e melhor articulada pelos profissionais responsáveis pela inclusão.
LAS CONDICIONES LABORALES Y HABITACIONALES DE LOS RECURSOS HUMANOS EN EL TAMBO. SANTA FE. ARGENTINA
Authors: SUERO M. , BRIZI M. C. , DANIELE M.
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo analiza las condiciones laborales y habitacionales de los operarios tamberos de las empresas que integran la “Cooperativa Tambera Central Unida Limitada” de San Guillermo, provincia de Santa Fe. La importancia de este análisis radica en que los recursos humanos son funDamentales para que los sistemas de producción de leche sean competitivos. Para concretar dicha propuesta se realizaron entrevistas a productores/empresarios y a operarios/tamberos utilizando como metodología de investigación el estudio de casos. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron concluir que el estado habitacional de las viviendas, las condiciones laborales y los aspectos medioambientales influyen en el desempeño de los operarios. Además, el impacto de dichos factores depende de la escala productiva de la empresa.
Rupturas y continuidades en los roles y relaciones de género. Estudio sobre las experiencias y expectativas familiares y laborales de los hijos e hijas de la migración boliviana en Salta (Argentina)
Authors: Ataide Soraya
Published: December 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las rupturas y continuidades presenten en los roles y relaciones de género de los hijos e hijas de la migración boliviana, particularmente aquella cuyo principal destino es la provincia de Salta. Nos preguntamos sobre el posicionamiento de estos/as jóvenes con respecto a las relaciones conyugales y la maternidad/paternidad, como también aquellas vinculadas a la dimensión laboral. Indagamos en el modo en que se acercan o distancian de las experiencias familiares y laborales de sus padres y madres, quienes migraron desde distintas zonas rurales del departamento de Tarija hacia el noroeste argentino, vinculándose como trabajadores/as de la producción hortícola y que, en su mayoría se encuentran residiendo de forma permanente en la provincia de Salta. A partir de los objetivos planteados, optamos por técnicas cualitativas basadas en entrevistas en profundidad como también observación participante.
Diversity and Keratin Degrading Ability of Fungi Isolated from Canadian Arctic Marine Bird Feathers
Authors: Robicheau Brent M. , Adams Sarah J. , Provencher Jennifer F. , Robertson Gregory J. , Mallory Mark L. , Walker Allison K.
Published: December 2019

We present the first records of fungi associated with feathers from seabirds and sea ducks in the Canadian Arctic and sub-Arctic. Birds sampled in Nunavut and Newfoundland (Canada) included the Common Eider (Somateria mollissima), King Eider (S. spectabilis), Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), Northern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis), Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus), Black Guillemot (Cepphus grylle), and Thick-billed Murre (Uria lomvia). In total 19 fungal species were cultured from feathers, identified using ITS rDNA barcoding, and screened for their ability to degrade keratin using a keratin azure assay. Our results indicate that 1) of the 19 isolates, 74% were ascomycetes, while the remaining 26% were basidiomycetes (yeasts); 2) 21% of the ascomycete isolates demonstrated keratinolytic activity (a known pathogenicity factor for fungi that may potentially be harmful to birds); 3) the largest number of fungi were cultured from the sampled Thick-billed Murre; and 4) based on a multiple correspondence analysis, there is some indication that both the King Eider and the Thick-billed Murre collected in the low Arctic had distinct fungal communities that were different from each other and from the other birds sampled. Although our sample sizes were small, initial trends in point (4) do demonstrate that additional study is merited to assess whether the fungal community differences are influenced by variation in the known ecologies of the avian hosts and fungi identified.
Co-management of Traditional Foods: Opportunities and Limitations for Food Security in Northern First Nation Communities
Authors: Cruickshank Ainslie , Notten Geranda , Wesche Sonia , Ballegooyen Kate , Pope Geraldine
Published: December 2019

Traditional foods that First Nations peoples harvest or gather from the land remain critically important for achieving and sustaining food security for many communities. In Canada’s North, land claim agreements include provisions for First Nations to participate in the governance of their traditional territories, including the co-management of important traditional (wild-harvested) food species. Because such agreements only specify the broad contours of co-management governance, their actual functioning evolves out of a complex interplay among the co-managing organizations over the course of time. This paper aims to deepen our understanding of how First Nations communities can enhance food security as participants in co-management. Our study connects research on food security with research on co-management and is the first to analyze how First Nations can improve their food security by influencing decision-making that affects traditional foods through co-management arrangements. Following a succinct review of the Indigenous food security and co-management literatures, we analyze the experiences of Kluane First Nation in enhancing community food security through the co-management of its traditional territory with Yukon Government and Parks Canada, interpreting the data in light of the theories and evidences offered by research on co-management. The analysis of data collected from semi-structured interviews and from First Nations and government resources shows that, while the co-management system is imperfect, it does offer a mechanism through which First Nations can exert influence on decisions that affect their food security. The three key themes emerging from the excerpts confirm the importance of co-management as an evolutionary and long-term process, in which trust- and relationship-building are ongoing activities that are fundamental to beneficial collaboration involving the sharing of information and power. The analysis also highlights the role of context, or situational factors, in facilitating or hindering collaboration.