bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DISORDER OF LAW AS ALTERNATIVE ENFORCEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAW: REMBANG PUBLIC LAWSUIT AGAINST PT. CEMENT INDONESIA TBK CASE STUDY
Authors: Enggarani Nuria Siswi , Spaltani Bita Gadsia
Published: April 2019

Purpose of Study: The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe the concept of disorder of law in understanding the law and its work in society as something that flows in achieving an order and describes the disorder of law which causes chaos in the enforcement of environmental law in the case of Rembang community against PT. Cement Indonesia. This is closely related to the attitude of the Governor of Rembang in addressing the verdict of the PK by revoking the environmental permit or keeping it on, given the urge of Rembang people who remain firm in opposing the mining in the area with the main reason about the natural sustainability in Kendeng. Decree of the Governor of Central Java Number 660.1./17 of 2012 on Environmental Permit for Mining and Construction of Cement Plant by PT Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk reaping resistance from the people of Rembang. The decree is deemed to be contradictory with the socialization of EIA and the determination of groundwater basin area as a water catchment area and the use of geological protected forest area that is considered not fulfill the principle of sustainable development. In this dispute, the Governor of Central Java as the defendant I and the second defendant namely PT Semen Indonesia (SI) Persero Tbk in Rembang. The plaintiff, in this case, is Rembang citizen represented by Joko Prihanto along with Wahana Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia. Rembang case that has reached the cassation up to the PK seized the public’s attention and invited the demonstration action from the people of Rembang. It’s because of the post-Supreme Court ruling. 99 PK / TUN / 2016 dated October 5, 2016, did not make the operation of the cement plant stop but the Governor re-issued environmental permit for PT Semen Indonesia.

Methodology: This study was studied using a socio-legal approach that describes social and legal reality, and seeks to understand and explain the logic of logical connection between both. Type of research used by the author in this research is descriptive research. In this study, the authors focus on the case of cement disputes on karst mining activities in Rembang, Central Java. The analytical method used is using deductive logic used to draw conclusions from general terms into individual cases.

Results: The dispute over the Rembang cement case stems from the decree of the Governor of Central Java giving the environmental permit to PT Semen Indonesia in 2012.

Implications/Applications: This reaps the demands of the people of Rembang demanding that the environmental permit along with the factory business permit is revoked and stopped. This dispute is still continuing and continues to be guarded by the people of Rembang to defend their agrarian rights and rights as farmers and also for the sake of nature sanctuary of Kendeng from mining threat.
La construcción de la autoridad judicial: una comparación entre la Corte Constitucional italiana y el Tribunal Constitucional Federal alemán
Authors: Bogdandy Armin von , Paris Davide
Published: April 2019

Este artículo examina los fundamentos de la autoridad de la Corte Constitucional italiana comparándola con la del Tribunal Constitucional Federal alemán. En comparación con el Tribunal alemán, la Corte italiana ha construido su autoridad sobre una base particularmente débil. Sin embargo, ha tenido éxito en desarrollar una dinámica de “poder en la debilidad”, que explica importantes características de la Corte Constitucional italiana: su relación excepcionalmente cooperativa con los tribunales ordinarios, su estilo conciso de razonamiento, su deliberado bajo perfil frente a la opinión pública, su interacción activista con el legislador y su diálogo táctico con el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea.
Judicial Dialogue and Transformative Constitutionalism in Latin America: The Case of Indigenous Peoples and Afro-descendants
Authors: Herrera Juan C.
Published: April 2019

En esta investigación se expone un ejemplo de diálogo judicial y transformador entre la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos y la Corte Constitucional de Colombia. En la medida en que estos dos tribunales se han tomado en serio los derechos a la consulta previa, libre e informada de los pueblos indígenas y afrodescendientes, se presentan detalladas tablas con los casos y las estadísticas producidas durante 25 años sobre el tema. La investigación se centra en el histórico precedente de la Corte Interamericana Saramaka v. Suriname (2007) y la sentencia T-129 de 2011 de la Corte Constitucional de Colombia por medio de la cual se profundizó el diálogo judicial y de donde quizá ha surgido el estándar de protección más plausible y equilibrado en la materia, aunque en riesgo de ser modificado regresivamente. De ahí que se puntualice la relevancia del “consentimiento vinculante” como alternativa al mal denominado “poder de veto”.
Revocatoria de mandato en Perú: diseño institucional y resultados de su aplicación
Authors: Eberhardt María Laura
Published: April 2019

Desde fines de la década de 1980, tras la decadencia de los Estados de Bienestar y el auge de la democracia de audiencia, gran parte de las democracias occidentales ingresaron en una fase de “crisis de la representación”. Frente a dicho escenario, varios países latinoamericanos emprendieron reformas constitucionales en las que, entre otros cambios, se incorporaron mecanismos de participación ciudadana, como la revocatoria de mandato. Esta herramienta de accountability societal permite a los ciudadanos destituir a representantes electos a través del voto. Perú la incorporó en su Constitución de 1993 junto con otros instrumentos de democracia directa, aunque con alcance limitado a las autoridades de los ámbitos regional y local. Este país fue emblemático en el continente en cuanto a la frecuencia y cantidad de veces que utilizó el revocatorio, si bien no siempre con resultados deseables en términos de control ciudadano y superación de crisis de legitimidad de los gobernantes. Por el contrario, su uso indebido y en exceso ha provocado problemas de gobernabilidad a nivel local. En el presente artículo se analiza el diseño institucional de la revocatoria de mandato en Perú y sus resultados de aplicación, tanto positivos como negativos, para la calidad democrática y la estabilidad institucional.
Reconsiderando la empatía en el movimiento “Derecho y Literatura”
Authors: Sáenz M. Jimena
Published: April 2019

Durante la última década, la discusión sobre el valor de la empatía en el derecho y la filosofía ha cobrado una visibilidad creciente. Desde sus inicios a comienzos de la década de 1970, el movimiento “Derecho y Literatura” ha estado asociado a la introducción de la empatía en el derecho y, a la vez, la empatía ha sido uno de los focos de discusión más intensos dentro de las múltiples voces que integraron el movimiento. En ese marco, este trabajo se ocupa de reconsiderar la caracterización y el rol de la empatía en el seno del movimiento “Derecho y Literatura” como un sitio de privilegio para revisar la fuerza, las pretensiones y los efectos del argumento que pretende reivindicar a la empatía en el derecho y la vida pública; así como también para revisar las críticas de distinto tenor que enfrenta.
Tráfico en las fronteras: aproximaciones a la relación entre el hacer artístico y la práctica jurídica
Authors: Vitta Bernardo J.
Published: April 2019

Este trabajo tiene el propósito de identificar y provocar algunas intersecciones entre el hacer artístico y la práctica jurídica. Así, nos preguntamos: ¿qué relevancia puede tener el hacer artístico contemporáneo para el mundo del derecho?, o, puesto de otro modo, ¿qué cosa del arte puede ser útil para comprender filosóficamente al derecho? En nuestra hipótesis, estos interrogantes están relacionados con los límites de los territorios jurídicos y artísticos, respecto de lo cual pudimos identificar dos aspectos problemáticos. Por un lado, la dificultad para interpretar y aplicar las normativas del actual ordenamiento jurídico a una práctica artística que se encuentra en permanente transformación (dimensiones sociológica y normativa). Por otro lado, entendemos que estas prácticas interpelan ciertos criterios dominantes de inter-relación, enfrentándolos con formas más sensibles de concebir los encuentros intersubjetivos. En este punto, consideramos que la relación entre el derecho y el arte refiere a la justicia, es decir, a la dimensión axiológica del derecho. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación utilizamos la metodología de la teoría trialista del derecho, desde donde se propone una reflexión compleja e integradora sobre el fenómeno jurídico (socio-normo-valorativa), lo que nos permite el cruce con lenguajes heterogéneos como el artístico.
Vigilancia tecnológica e inteligencia competitiva para el sector funerario, caso “grupo Obelisco Ltda”
Authors: Rodríguez-Parra Rocío del Mar , González-Castro Yolanda
Published: April 2019

Este artículo muestra los resultados del proyecto: estudio de vigilancia tecnológica e inteligencia competitiva para la empresa Grupo Obelisco Ltda., orientado a la diversificación de su portafolio de servicios en la implementación del proceso de destino final de los restos humanos. El trabajo se adelantó bajo el enfoque mixto, cualitativo y cuantitativo, a través de un estudio descriptivo, tomando como base fundamental la metodología de vigilancia tecnológica Innovitech. A través de la búsqueda de información especializada, se pudo identificar una limitada producción científica frente a las tecnologías emergentes en disposición de restos humanos, convirtiéndose en un tema poco documentado. Teniendo en cuenta las características de la empresa Grupo Obelisco Ltda., las tendencias del sector y el objetivo de la investigación, se concluye que dentro de las tendencias tecnológicas más viables son: urna biodegradable, proceso de hidrólisis alcalina, Criodesecación y Cementerio ecológico.
Gestión universitaria de la innovación social promovida desde espacios académicos relacionados con el emprendimiento, la investigación y la proyección social
Authors: Jurado-Paz Irina Margarita , Morán-Vallejo Michael Alexander
Published: April 2019

El presente artículo expone el diagnóstico del Programa de Internado Rural Interdisciplinario, PIRI, adelantado en una institución universitaria colombiana, con el fin de identificar elementos para mejorar su implementación. La investigación es de carácter descriptivo, con enfoque mixto, donde se emplearon encuestas y entrevistas para recolectar la información. La muestra fue de 214 estudiantes, pertenecientes a diversos programas de la Corporación Universitaria Autónoma de Nariño. Los resultados indican aportes significativos de PIRI, tanto a las instituciones como a los estudiantes que han participado del programa. PIRI se constituyó en un espacio educativo para que los estudiantes desarrollen competencias y apliquen sus conocimientos en temas relacionados con la innovación social. Sin embargo, existen dificultades como el bajo número de participantes, junto con la carencia de procedimientos claros que permitan una adecuada articulación de las entidades vinculadas a PIRI. En este sentido, se formuló un modelo que facilite la gestión universitaria de la innovación social en la institución objeto de estudio, que articula las dependencias de emprendimiento, investigación y proyección social, para que los beneficios se orienten tanto a la comunidad universitaria como a los territorios.
Análisis de la aplicación de la gestión integral en seis empresas comerciales de tipo familiar en Florencia, Colombia
Authors: Hernández-Gil Cristian , Vargas-Vargas Beatriz Eugenia , Gutiérrez-Mora Beatriz Eugenia , Figueroa-Ramírez Edward Fabián , Correa-Corrales Luis Eduardo
Published: April 2019

El modelo de gestión integral se ha convertido en uno de los esquemas organizacionales más completos que reúne las áreas estratégicas de un ente económico, en función de tres componentes principales: la calidad, la seguridad en el trabajo y la gestión ambiental. Este documento tiene como objetivo presentar el análisis de la aplicación de la gestión integral en seis pymes comerciales de origen familiar, de Florencia, Colombia. El problema radica en la falta de competitividad y desarrollo empresarial de la región, lo que hace que no existan suficientes aspectos para darle credibilidad y valor a su economía. Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo, donde se entrevistaron trabajadores de tres niveles jerárquicos (estratégico, táctico y operativo) de las seis pymes más reconocidas de Florencia. Los resultados indican que, a pesar de no existir un modelo de gestión integral explícito en las pymes de la región, sí se consideran algunos avances en su construcción, orientados bajo los siguientes elementos: la calidad en función del reconocimiento de marca, la aplicación de actividades de salud ocupacional, y los sistemas básicos de reciclaje.
La práctica pedagógica desde las situaciones a-didácticas en matemáticas
Authors: Jiménez-Espinosa Alfonso , Sánchez-Bareño Daysy Maite
Published: April 2019

El artículo tiene como objetivo caracterizar la práctica pedagógica a partir del uso de situaciones a-didácticas en clases de matemáticas. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cualitativo, bajo la técnica de investigación acción, con el uso de instrumentos como: observación no participante, cuestionario de pregunta abierta, diario de campo del investigador, grupos focales y diseño y aplicación de situaciones a-didácticas específicas. La población objeto de estudio fue de 4 profesores y sus estudiantes, pertenecientes al nivel de educación básica. Los resultados indican que cuando el profesor confronta la visión de su clase con lo observado por otros, y mediado por la reflexión colectiva sobre su práctica, comienza a tener otra actitud y otra forma de ver la dinámica de una clase. Igualmente, la implementación de las situaciones a-didácticas mejora la dinámica de la clase de matemáticas; la motivación y el entusiasmo, son algunas de las emociones expresadas por los estudiantes hacia el aprendizaje, dejando en evidencia la importancia de innovar, de generar desafíos y desequilibrios, para que la enseñanza de las matemáticas sea más que solo repetir los contenidos y mecanizarlos.
Panorama das pesquisas sobre a música do candomblé
Authors: Candemil Luciano Da Silva
Published: April 2019

Este artigo apresenta um panorama do corpus acadêmico brasileiro acerca da música do candomblé. Tendo como base o Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES, busca-se identificar por meio de um estudo quantitativo a dimensão das pesquisas realizadas na pós-graduação brasileira sobre o contexto musical do candomblé ketu, com ênfase nos instrumentos de percussão e nos trabalhos realizados em Santa Catarina. A coleta de dados foi realizada no segundo semestre de 2017, considerando do ponto de vista temporal todos os trabalhos abordados pela plataforma. Mediante um levantamento da produção recente na etnomusicologia e demais subáreas da música, procura-se fazer uma análise crítica e comparativa dos trabalhos encontrados. Sabendo da importância dos fatores extramusicais (BLACKING, 1995) para a compreensão de práticas culturais, as teses e dissertações das áreas da História, Antropologia, Sociologia e das Artes foram também contempladas. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a carência de pesquisas acadêmicas sobre a música do candomblé, em nível nacional, e a ausência de objetos estudados no estado de Santa Catarina.
Comparison of anterior segment changes after femtosecond laser LASIK and SMILE using a dual rotating Scheimpflug analyzer
Authors: Kim Bu Ki , Mun Su Joung , Yang Young Hoon , Kim Ji Sun , Moon Jun Hyung , Chung Young Taek
Published: April 2019

Purpose

To compare the changes in the anterior segment after femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) using a dual rotating Scheimpflug (DRS) analyzer (Galilei®; Ziemer Ophthalmology, Port, Switzerland).

Setting

Onnuri smile eye clinic, Seoul, South Korea

Design

Retrospective

Method

218 eyes of 109 patients underwent FS-LASIK or SMILE for myopic correction. Ninety-eight eyes of 49 patients who underwent FS-LASIK were compared to 120 eyes of 60 patients treated with SMILE. A DRS analyzer was used for preoperative and 6-month postoperative anterior segment analyses. Measured variables included the central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior and posterior keratometry (K), anterior and posterior best-fit sphere radius, and maximum posterior elevation (MPE).

Results

The estimated lenticule thickness (LT; 87.20 ± 22.87 µm) was significantly thicker in the SMILE group than the ablation depth (69.23 ± 22.24 µm) in the FS-LASIK group. However, there was no significant difference in the CCT decrease using the DRS analyzer. The MPE was significantly increased after both procedures, and there was a statistically significant difference in the change in MPE between the two groups (-1.10 ± 2.12 µm after FS-LASIK; -0.75 ± 2.33 µm after SMILE; p = 0.035).

Conclusions

The preoperative LT was overestimated using SMILE. Regarding changes in the MPE and posterior K, changes in the posterior corneal surface were greater after FS-LASIK than after SMILE.
Uncertainty assessment of extreme flood estimation in the Dongting Lake basin, China
Authors: Wu Yunbiao , Xue Lianqing , Liu Yuanhong , Ren Lei
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we study uncertainty in estimating extreme floods of the Dongting Lake basin, China. We used three methods, including the Delta, profile likelihood function (PLF), and the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, to calculate confidence intervals of parameters of the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution and quantiles of extreme floods. The annual maximum flow (AMF) data from four hydrologic stations were selected. Our results show that AMF data from Taoyuan and Xiangtan stations followed the Weibull class distribution, while the data from Shimen and Taojiang stations followed the Fréchet class distribution. The three methods show similar confidence intervals of design floods for short return periods. However, there are large differences between results of the Delta and the other two methods for long return periods. Both PLF and Bayesian MCMC methods have similar confidence intervals to reflect the uncertainty of design floods. However, because the PLF method is quite burdensome in computation, the Bayesian MCMC method is more suitable for practical use.
A study on the design and analysis of a gas engine heat pump water heater using shower wastewater as heat source
Authors: Liu Fengguo , Ma Zhenxi , Zhang Rui
Published: April 2019

Shower wastewater contains large amounts of heat, and recovering and utilizing shower wastewater heat energy to heat shower water is of great significance for energy saving. This paper proposed a gas engine heat pump water heater (GEHPWH) using shower wastewater as the heat source. Thermodynamic models were built to evaluate the performance of the GEHPWH and compare it with an electrical heat pump water heater (EHPWH). The results show that the GEHPWH has higher hot water outlet temperature and coefficient of performance (COP) than the EHPWH under the same conditions. Furthermore, the GEHPWH can maintain stable hot water outlet temperature and higher primary energy ratio (PER) in variable water flow mode, which resolves the issue that the conventional EHPWH needs an auxiliary heat source. Finally, based on a case, the GEHPWH reveals smaller energy consumption and lower operating costs compared with three other conventional hot-water schemes.
Assessing future drought conditions under a changing climate: a case study of the Lake Urmia basin in Iran
Authors: Ahmadebrahimpour Edris , Aminnejad Babak , Khalili Keivan
Published: April 2019

This study was conducted to assess the impacts of climate change on drought over the Lake Urmia basin, Iran. Drought events for 2011–2040, 2041–2070, and 2071–2100 were analyzed based on the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and were compared with the adopted baseline period (1976–2005). The SPI and SPEI were calculated using the precipitation and temperatures obtained from the second-generation Canadian Earth System Model (CanESM2) under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 2.6 and RCP 8.5 as optimistic and pessimistic scenarios respectively. The results of SPI analyses revealed that under RCP 2.6 the frequency of droughts is almost constant while under RCP 8.5 drought frequency increased especially in the period 2071–2100. The calculated SEPI under both scenarios and during all future periods predict that the frequency and duration of droughts will increase. Generally, the difference between the SPI and SPEI is related to the input to each index. SPI is solely based on precipitation while the SPEI accounts for both precipitation and potential evapotranspiration (PET). Under global warming and changing climate, the significant role of PET was highlighted. It was concluded that the SPEI outperformed the SPI for drought studies under a changing climate.
Phosphorus recovery from the sludge generated from a continuous bipolar mode electrocoagulation (CBME) system
Authors: Damaraju M. , Yoshihara H. , Bhattacharyya D. , Panda T. K. , Kurilla K. K.
Published: April 2019

Phosphorus is known to be a limited non-renewable resource. Phosphorus is obtained from phosphate rock, which is likely to be depleted in the next few decades. Therefore, it is very important to find alternate sources of phosphorus from which phosphorus can be recycled and recovered. This study focuses on the recovery of phosphorus from the sludge generated from a continuous bipolar mode electrocoagulation (CBME) system, used for treating a palm oil mill effluent (POME). The sludge generated from the CBME system is leached with oxalic acid and sulphuric acid for phosphorus recovery with and without thermal treatment. Acid leaching was carried out at various time intervals using various liquid/solid (L/S) ratios of acids and sludge. The CBME system caused a 73% removal of phosphorus from POME, where phosphorus is precipitated in sludge as iron phosphates or adsorbed as phosphates depending on the pH in the system. Acid leaching resulted in nearly 85% recovery of phosphorus with both sulphuric acid and oxalic acid for sludge combusted at 900 °C. Statistical analysis was carried out to find the significance of the operational conditions on the phosphorus yield. Acid leaching results in the formation of orthophosphates, which can be used as a raw material for synthesis of chemical fertilizers.
Simulation of an accident and analysis of the results of its study by various methods of expertise
Authors: Nikonov V.N.
Published: April 2019

A correct assessment of the accuracy of various methods for conducting road accident examination and reconstruction of its circumstances can be given only on the basis of a comparative study of the same accident with a priori known circumstances and a small number of factors that significantly affect the results. Based on the results of a numerical simulation of the collision of two deformable structures simulating cars, the results of the reconstruction of circumstances, obtained by the traditional method of the autotechnical expertise of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation, are compared according to the extended methodology used by a number of European countries and by a complex method using strength calculations of deformable bodies by computational mechanics. It is shown that, in addition to the length of traces of deceleration (the traditional method), significant factors that affect the accuracy of the reconstruction of the accident are the inclusion of the rotation of objects after the collision (extended technique) and the energy expended in deforming the structures during the collision (complex technique).
Modeling of the costs of the phases of the water-oil mixture in the ascending streams
Authors: Ilyasov A.M.
Published: April 2019

The steady flow of a water-oil dispersion mixture in an oil producing well is simulated in the paper. On the basis of the equations of mechanics of multiphase systems, a model is proposed for predicting the phase costs in the ascending stream. For stabilized, almost vertical flows, a good agreement with the experimental data was obtained.
Prognostic Significance of Serum Magnesium in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients
Authors: Han Xianjun , You Shoujiang , Huang Zhichao , Han Qiao , Zhong Chongke , Xu Jiaping , Shi Rongfang , Chen Dongqin , Zhang Yanlin , Xiao Guodong , Cao Yongjun , Liu Chun-Feng
Published: April 2019

Background:

Experimental animal model studies have shown neuroprotective properties of magnesium. We assessed the relationship between admission magnesium and admission stroke severity and 3-month clinical outcomes in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods:

The present study included 323 patients with acute ICH who were prospectively identified. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle risk factors, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, hematoma volumes, and other clinical features were recorded at baseline for all participants. Patients were divided into three groups based on the admission magnesium levels (T1: <0.84; T2: 0.84-0.91; T3: =0.91 mmol/L). Clinical outcomes were death, poor functional outcome (defined by modified rankin ccale [mRS] scores 3-6) at 3 months.

Results:

After 3-month follow-up, 40 (12.4%) all-cause mortality and 132 (40.9%) poor functional outcome were documented. Median NIHSS scores for each tertile (T1 to T3) were 8.0, 5.5, and 6.0, and median hematoma volumes were 10.0, 8.05, and 12.4 ml, respectively. There was no significant association between baseline NIHSS scores (P=0.176) and hematoma volumes (P=0.442) in T3 and T1 in multivariable linear regression models. Compared with the patients in T1, those in T3 were associated with less frequency of all-cause mortality [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 0.10; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.02-0.54; P-trend=0.010] but not poor functional outcome (adjusted OR, 1.80; 95%CI, 0.71-4.56; P-trend=0.227) after adjustment for potential confounders.

Conclusion:

Elevated admission serum magnesium level is associated with lower odds of mortality but not poor functional outcome at 3 months in patients with acute ICH.
A Direct Correlation between Red Blood Cell Indices and Cognitive Impairment After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (aSAH)
Authors: Gong Li , Gu Yongzhe , Dong Qiong , Zhang Xiang , Wang Haichao , Zhao Yanxin , Liu Xueyuan
Published: April 2019

Background:

Cognitive impairment can occur after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) though it commonly tends to be neglected. Red blood cell (RBC) indices are associated with long-term functional outcomes, while it is unclear whether RBC indices could be a potential predictor of cognitive decline after aSAH. We aimed to investigate the association between RBC indices and post-aSAH cognitive impairment at 1 year.

Methods:

Patients with aSAH received neuropsychological test by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and underwent serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples test. To determine the association between RBC indices and cognitive impairment after acute aSAH, we adjusted for demographic and vascular risk factors using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results:

Of the 126 patients included in this study, 33% (42/126) of them were diagnosed with cognitive impairment (MoCA<26). After adjustment for potential confounders, increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (OR: 1.36, 95%CI: 1.19-1.55) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) (OR: 1.61, 95%CI: 1.25-2.08), reflecting systemic iron status, are more likely to be associated with cognitive impairment after aSAH.

Conclusion:

In this aSAH population, our data shows the positive association between MCH and MCV and cognitive impairment at 1 year.
What is the Current Role for Vitamin D and the Risk of Stroke?
Authors: Siniscalchi Antonio , Lochner Piergiorgio , Anticoli Sabrina , Chirchiglia Domenico , De Sarro Giovambattista , Gallelli Luca
Published: April 2019

Introduction:

Increasing evidence supports the relationship between vitamin D and stroke. Vitamin D has now been proposed as a prognostic biomarker also for functional outcome in stroke patients.

Methods:

A revision of the data suggests that low vitamin D is associated more with ischemic than with haemorrhagic stroke, even if the role of optimal vitamin D levels for vascular wall is still unclear. Vitamin D deficiency induces with different mechanisms an alteration of vascular wall.

Results:

However, to date, the research supporting the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in stroke and in post-stroke recovery is still inadequate and conclusive evidences have not been published.

Conclusion:

In this review, we provide a better understanding of the role of vitamin D in stroke.
Recent Developments in Natural Product Inspired Synthetic 1,2,4- Trioxolanes (Ozonides): An Unusual Entry into Antimalarial Chemotherapy
Authors: Tiwari Mohit K. , Yadav Dharmendra K. , Chaudhary Sandeep
Published: April 2019

According to WHO “World health statistics 2018”, malaria alongside acute respiratory infections and diarrhoea, is one of the major infectious disease causing children’s death in between the age of 1-5 years. Similarly, according to another report (2016) malaria accounts for approximately 3.14% of the total disease burden worldwide. Although malaria has been widely eradicated in many parts of the world, the global number of cases continues to rise due to the rapid spread of malaria parasites that are resistant to antimalarial drugs. Artemisinin (8), a major breakthrough in the antimalarial chemotherapy was isolated from the plant Artemisia annua in 1972. Its semi-synthetic derivatives such as artemether (9), arteether (10), and artesunic acid (11) are quite effective against multi-drug resistant malaria strains and are currently the drug of choice for the treatment of malaria. Inspite of exhibiting excellent antimalarial activity by artemisinin (8) and its derivatives, parallel programmes for the discovery of novel natural and synthetic peroxides were also the area of investigation of medicinal chemists all over the world. In these continuous efforts of extensive research, natural ozonide (1,2,4- trioxolane) was isolated from Adiantum monochlamys (Pteridaceae) and Oleandra wallichii (Davalliaceae) in 1976. These naturally occurring stable ozonides inspired chemists to investigate this novel class for antimalarial chemotherapy. The first identification of unusually stable synthetic antimalarial 1,2,4-trioxolanes was reported in 1992. Thus, an unusual entry of ozonides in the field of antimalarial chemotherapy had occurred in the early nineties. This review highlights the recent advancements and historical developments observed during the past 42 years (1976-2018) focusing mainly on important ventures of the antimalarial 1,2,4-trioxolanes (ozonides).
Comparative Drug Resistance Reversal Potential of Natural Glycosides: Potential of Synergy Niaziridin & Niazirin
Authors: Dwivedi Gaurav R. , Maurya Anupam , Yadav Dharmendra K. , Khan Feroz , Gupta Mahendra K. , Gupta Prashant , Darokar Mahendra P. , Srivastava Santosh K.
Published: April 2019

Background:

Due to the limited availability of antibiotics, Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) acquire
different levels of drug resistance. It raised an urgent need to identify such agents, which can reverse the phenomenon
of drug resistance.

Objective:

To understand the mechanism of drug resistance reversal of glycosides; niaziridin and niazirin isolated
from the pods of Moringa oleifera and ouabain (control) against the clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant
Escherichia coli.

Methods:

The MICs were determined following the CLSI guidelines for broth micro-dilution. In-vitro combination
studies were performed by broth checkerboard method followed by Time-Kill studies, the efflux pump
inhibition assay, ATPase inhibitory activity, mutation prevention concentration and in-silico studies.

Results:

The results showed that both glycosides did not possess antibacterial activity of their own, but in combination,
they reduced the MIC of tetracycline up to 16 folds. Both were found to inhibit efflux pumps, but
niaziridin was the best. In real time expression pattern analysis, niaziridin was also found responsible for the
down expression of the two important efflux pump acrB & yojI genes alone as well as in combination.
Niaziridin was also able to over express the porin forming genes (ompA & ompX). These glycosides decreased
the mutation prevention concentration of tetracycline.

Conclusion:

This is the first ever report on glycosides, niazirin and niaziridin acting as drug resistance reversal
agent through efflux pump inhibition and modulation of expression pattern drug resistant genes. This study
may be helpful in preparing an effective antibacterial combination against the drug-resistant GNB from a
widely growing Moringa oleifera.
A Fast Parallel Classification Model for the Diagnosis of Cancer
Authors: Jain Divya , Singh Vijendra
Published: April 2019

Background:

In this era of voluminous data, there is a need to process data speedily in
less time. Moreover, it is also essential to diminish the dimensionality of data as well as to apply
parallel computations for classification. SVM is a prominent classification tool and is currently one
of the most popular state-of-the-art models for solving various classification problems that makes
use of parallel computations to speed up its processing.

Objective:

To develop a fast, promising classification system using optimized SVM classifier with
hybridized dimensionality reduction for the diagnosis of cancer disease.

Methods:

The proposed approach comprises of two stages – the first stage presents a hybrid approach
to reduce the dimensionality of cancer datasets, and the second stage presents an efficient classification
method to optimize the SVM parameters and improve its accuracy. To lessen the execution time, the
proposed approach uses GPUs to concurrently run different processes on machine workers.

Results:

The proposed method with the combination of dimensionality reduction & parallel classification
using optimized SVM classifier is found to give excellent results based on ‘Classification Accuracy’,
‘Selected Features’ and ‘Execution Time’.

Conclusion:

The experimental findings with benchmark datasets indicate that the proposed diagnostic
model yields significant improvement in terms of execution time when compared to the conventional
approach. The proposed model can assist doctors and medical professionals in the quick selection
of most significant risk factors for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer diseases.
An Experimental Research with 3D Objects for the Internet of Things
Authors: Bento Antonio Carlos
Published: April 2019

This study presents the results of an experimental research with the use of 3D resources, such as the creation and printing of physical objects, that can serve as interface for 3D devices, The creation of solutions for the internet of things, requires, besides the knowledge of programming, electronics, internet and computing, also requires the creation of parts, which are often complex, for coupling and manipulation of devices to the internet of things. Personal experience during computer classes was the main motivation for the development of this work, demonstrating how to create solutions that can meet the different projects that involve the internet of things. In addition to presenting the results of a comparison between some tools evaluated during the research. The results were collected during the creation of the objects in 3D systems, besides presenting the results in pieces that were printed with this technology, these results demonstrated the possibility of creating viable solutions and that can serve as a model for new projects, facilitating the development of solutions to the internet of things.
Isolation and Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Flavonoid from Ficus variegate Blume
Authors: Rusli Rolan , Ningsih Bela Apriliana , Rahmadani Agung , Febrina Lizma , Maulidya Vina , Fadraersada Jaka
Published: April 2019

Ficus variegata Blume is specific plant of east Kalimantan. Flavonoid compound of Ficus variegata Blume was isolated by vacuum liquid and column chromatography, with previously extracted by maceration method using n-hexane and methanol, and fractination using ethyl acetate solvent. Eluent used in isolation were n-hexane:ethyl acetate (8:2). The results of elucidation structure by using spectroscopy methods (GC-MS, NMR, and FTIR) was obtained 5-Hidroxy-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-8,8-dymethyl-8H-pyrano[2,3-f] chromen-4-one. This compound has an antibacterial and antioxidant activities.
Combination of Genetic Manipulation Improved Saccharomycopsis fibuligera α-Amylase Secretion by Pichia pastoris
Authors: Gaffar Shabarni , Natalia Dessy , Subroto Toto , Suprijana Oo , Soemitro Soetijoso
Published: April 2019

This study assessed the combinations of genetic manipulation; signal peptide modification, gene dosage increment and co-expression of folding component, to increase Saccharomycopsis fibuligera R64 α-amylase (Sfamy) secretion in Pichia pastoris. Sfamy native signal peptide was replaced with modified signal peptide which contained 15 amino acid of mouse salivary α-amylase signal peptide fused to the pro-region of the signal peptide of Saccharomyces cerevisiae α-mating factor (α-MF). Increase in gene dosage was identified by screening for P. pastoris harboring multicopies of the Sfamy gene. Whereas, co-expression of folding component was done by addition of Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI). Expression plasmids harboring Sfamy containing modified signal sequence (pPICZA-MS-Sfamy) was used to transform P. pastoris GS115, and gene dosage increment was screened using zeocin. Effect of PDI co-expression on secretion levels of Sfamy was assessed by constructing the pPIC3.5K-Pdi1 plasmid and introducing into P. pastoris harboring multicopies of MS-Sfamy for expression of Sfamy. Signal peptide modification consequently increased Sfamy secretion by P. pastoris by 3.3-fold compared to native signal peptide. Gene dosage increment had improved Sfamy secretion by 11-fold in P. pastoris [MS-Sfamy] resistant to 2000 μg/mL zeocin, compared to P. pastoris harboring one copy of WT-Sfamy. Hence, PDI co-expression increased the secretion of Sfamy by 2-fold as compared without PDI co-expression. In summary, the combination of genetic manipulation successfully increased Sfamy secretion by 20-fold compared to P. pastoris harboring one copy of WT-Sfamy.
Biodegradation of Extractable Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Consortia Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas putida in Petroleum Contaminated-Soil
Authors: Tuhuloula Abubakar , Suprapto Suprapto , Altway Ali , Juliastuti Sri Rachmania
Published: April 2019

Contamination of soil by the activities of exploration, production, and disposal of oil waste into the environment causes serious damage to the environmental ecosystem, the target of processing by the bacteria as a model for remediation of oil contaminated site. Thus, the study was focused on determining the biodegradation percentage of extractable petroleum hydrocarbons as a function of the oil concentration. This research was conducted in a slurry bioreactor with mixed contaminated soil to water ratio of 20:80 (wt.%). A consortium of Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas putida bacteria 10% (v/v) and 15% (v/v) with the ratio of 2:3, 1:1, and 3:2 was inserted into the slurry bioreactor and a single reactor was used as a control. The result of identification with an initial concentration of extractable petroleum hydrocarbons of 299.53 ng/µL, after 49 days of incubation for bacterial consortium 10% (v/v), the concentration was reduced to 85.31; 32.43; 59.74; and 112.22 ng/µL respectively and the biodegradation percentage was 71.5; 89.17; 80.05; and 62.54%. As for the bacterial consortium concentration of 15% (v/v) with the same ratio and control, the effluent concentration was 12.48; 7.72; 18.93 ng/µL, respectively or the biodegradation percentage was 95.83; 97.42; 93.68%.
Synthesis of Graphite Porous Electrode Based on Coconut Shell as a Potential Cathode in Bioelectrosyntesis Cell
Authors: Mukimin Aris , Yuliasni Rustiana , Zen Nur , Wicaksono Kukuh , Fatkhurahman Januar Arif , Vistanty Hanny , Malik Rizal Awaludin
Published: April 2019

Electrodes, as well as microorganisms, are key materials for the development of bioelectrosynthesis cell reactor. Materials used as electrodes should be inert, crystalline in structure with high surface area and porous morphology, enhancing their electroactive and adsorptive properties. Carbon material derived from coconut shell was modified by simultaneous sintering-activation methods, FeCl3 and ZnCl2 were supplemented at temperature 900 °C at the non-atmospheric condition. The modified carbon was then molded with polyvinyl alcohol as a binder and the temperature was maintained at 80 °C and 10 ton of pressure. Molded carbon was then installed in bioelectrosynthesis cell with a working volume of 200 mL, as a cathode. XRD, BET, and SEM measurements showed the transformation of carbon surface from amorphous into the crystalline, increased surface area (11 times higher) and higher porosity (up to 500 nm). This cathode modification was able to increase current density up to 4 times and reduce CO2 into butyrate, 250 mg/L, in bioelectrosynthesis cell.
Analytical Approach of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy to Detect Elemental Profile of Medicinal Plants Leaves
Authors: Jabbar Abdul , Akhtar Mahmood , Mehmood Shaukat , Kurniawan Koo Hendrick , Hedwig Rinda , Baig Muhammad Aslam
Published: April 2019

Laser ablation chemical and spectroscopic studies of Calotropis procera, Chenopodium ambrosioides, and Nerium indicum leaves was performed using 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser in air at different pressure and time delay. These medicinal plant’s leaves are used by local people for different diseases. The knowledge of medicinal and toxic metals in these plants is very important. We have presented time-resolved studies of different elements and how their lives change with different delay time. C, H, Si, Al, Fe, Cu, Ca, Mg, Na, K, N, O, Sr and Ba have been detected in all the three samples with a molecular form of Carbon and Nitrogen band. We have detected C, H, N, and O as a major element while, Fe, Cu, Mg, K and Ca as essential medicinal metals with other trace elements such as Si, Sr, Al and Ba in all the three plants leaves. We present 1 µs delay time is the best time for elements lifetime in time resolved studies. The behaviour of intensity with different pressures was also studied and it was concluded that 7 torr was the best pressure for the maximum value of intensity. In particular, the electron density and the temperatures of the plasma were reported. The temperature was calculated from the well-known Boltzmann plot method and electron density was estimated from the stark broadened profile of the Hα line.
Adsorption and Photodegradation of Cationic and Anionic Dyes by TiO2-Chitosan Nanocomposite
Authors: Fajriati Imelda , Mudasir Mudasir , Wahyuni Endang Tri
Published: April 2019

The adsorption and photodegradation of cationic and anionic dyes by TiO2-chitosan nanocomposites have been studied. This study investigated the specific surface area, pores volume, pores size of TiO2-Chitosan nanocomposite, and determination kinetics of the reaction on the adsorption and photodegradation process. The methods were carried out by mixing TiO2-nanocomposite into cationic and anionic dyes in various contact times and initial dye concentrations. The results showed that nanocomposite adsorption capacity increased with an increase in the amount of chitosan (TiO2/Chit 0.13) even though the specific surface area (SBET) was reduced. The results indicated that the adsorption on nanocomposite was influenced by the amount of -NH2 and -OH on the chitosan surface. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) and the observed reaction constant (kObs) for MO were also known to be higher than MB, which means that the TiO2-chitosan nanocomposites could remove anionic dye more than cationic one.
Hydrogen Bond Stability of Quinazoline Derivatives Compounds in Complex against EGFR using Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Rasyid Herlina , Purwono Bambang , Hofer Thomas S , Pranowo Harno Dwi
Published: April 2019

Lung cancer was a second common cancer case due to the high cigarette smoking activity both in men and women. One of protein receptor which plays an important role in the growth of the tumor is Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). EGFR protein is the most frequent protein mutation in cancer and promising target to inhibit the cancer growth. In this work, the stability of the hydrogen bond as the main interaction in the inhibition mechanism of cancer will be evaluated using molecular dynamics simulation. There were two compounds (A1 and A2) as new potential inhibitors that were complexed against the EGFR protein. The dynamic properties of each complexed were compared with respect to erlotinib against EGFR. The result revealed that both compounds had an interaction in the main catalytic area of protein receptor which is at methionine residue. Inhibitor A1 showed additional interactions during simulation time but the interactions tend to be weak. Inhibitor A2 displayed a more stable interaction. Following dynamics simulation, binding free energy calculation was performed by two scoring techniques MM/GB(PB)SA method and gave a good correlation with the stability of the complex. Furthermore, potential inhibitor A2 had a lower binding free energy as a direct consequence of the stability of hydrogen bond interaction.
Yield Optimization and Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Essential Oil from Jasmine Flower
Authors: Rassem Hesham Hussein , Nour Abdurahman Hamid , Yunus Rosli Mohammad , Zaki Yasmeen Hafiz , Abdlrhman Hybat Salih Mohamed
Published: April 2019

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is an innovation that permits extraction of an extensive variety of different chemical composition from the plant grids. Extraction of essential oil from Jasmine flower was tentatively carried out using the supercritical CO2 technique. The effect of extraction parameters which include pressure (100–300 bar) and temperature (300–350 K) on the oil recovery was explored. The extraction process was optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). At the SFE optimal conditions, the chemical compositions of the extracted oil were examined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The obtained result reflected that the optimal yield of oil from Jasmine flower was 12.18% mg oil extracted/100 g dry flower, which was achieved through an SFE optimal conditions of pressure at 200 bar and extraction temperature at 325 K. A total number of six chemical compounds were tentatively identified in the Jasmine flower extracted oil at the optimal SFE conditions.