bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of MicroRNA-134 as a Target against Seizures and SUDEP in a Mouse Model of Dravet Syndrome
Authors: Gerbatin Rogério R. , Augusto Joana , Morris Gareth , Campbell Aoife , Worm Jesper , Langa Elena , Reschke Cristina R. , Henshall David C.
Published: September 2022

Dravet syndrome (DS) is a catastrophic form of pediatric epilepsy mainly caused by noninherited mutations in theSCN1Agene. DS patients suffer severe and life-threatening focal and generalized seizures which are often refractory to available anti-seizure medication. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) based approaches may offer treatment opportunities in DS. MicroRNAs are short noncoding RNAs that play a key role in brain structure and function by post-transcriptionally regulating gene expression, including ion channels. Inhibiting miRNA-134 (miR-134) using an antimiR ASO (Ant-134) has been shown to reduce evoked seizures in juvenile and adult mice and reduce epilepsy development in models of focal epilepsy. The present study investigated the levels of miR-134 and whether Ant-134 could protect against hyperthermia-induced seizures, spontaneous seizures and mortality (SUDEP) in F1.Scn1a(+/−)tm1keamice. At P17, animals were intracerebroventricular injected with 0.1–1 nmol of Ant-134 and subject to a hyperthermia challenge at postnatal day (P)18. A second cohort of P21 F1.Scn1a(+/−)tm1keamice received Ant-134 and were followed by video and EEG monitoring until P28 to track the incidence of spontaneous seizures and SUDEP. Hippocampal and cortical levels of miR-134 were similar between wild-type (WT) and F1.Scn1a(+/−)tm1keamice. Moreover, Ant-134 had no effect on hyperthermia-induced seizures, spontaneous seizures and SUDEP incidence were unchanged in Ant-134-treated DS mice. These findings suggest that targeting miR-134 does not have therapeutic applications in DS.
Hometown Associations as Mobilizing Agents
Authors: Lee Francis L. F.
Published: September 2022

Scholars have noted that the Chinese government has been grooming a range of grass-roots social organizations in Hong Kong since the handover. Hometown associations (HTAs), in particular, are seen as an important cultural nexus capable of integrating patron–client relationships based on material benefits with social relationships rooted in common culture and identity. Few studies, however, have documented the mobilizing power of HTAs quantitatively. This article examines the mobilizing power of HTAs in the 2021 Legislative Council elections, where the state attempted to promote voter participation to protect the legitimacy of the “reformed” electoral system. Analysis at the level of District Council constituencies shows that the presence of HTAs was indeed related to higher voter turnout. I also test whether the impact of HTAs was conditioned by population characteristics. General implications of the findings are discussed.
The Organizational Roots of State Capacity
Authors: Chan Kyle
Published: September 2022

How does state structure affect state capacity? The long-standing debate over centralization versus decentralization overlooks the broader organizational complexity of states and state bureaucracies. To address this problem, this article proposes an alternative typology of state organizational forms: nodal versus diffuse. Nodal forms concentrate decision-making power in a limited set of key actors at intermediary levels of the state hierarchy. Diffuse forms distribute decision-making power across many overlapping lines of authority. Nodal forms contribute to state capacity by combining the coordination advantages of centralization with the accountability and autonomy of decentralization, whereas diffuse forms make these processes more challenging. Empirically, this article compares two paradigmatic cases—China’s and India’s railway bureaucracies—to show how their nodal and diffuse forms, respectively, shape their ability to complete railway projects. These findings suggest that the organizational structure of state bureaucracies is an important yet underexplored factor underlying state capacity.
The effects of CuO doping on structural, electrical and optical properties of CdO thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition technique
Authors:   Department of Physics, Collage of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, Al-Dujayli S. M. A. , Ali N. A. ,   Department of Physics, Collage of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: September 2022

Thin films of (CdO)x (CuO)1-x (where x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) were prepared by the pulsed laser deposition. The CuO addition caused an increase in diffraction peaks intensity at (111) and a decrease in diffraction peaks intensity at (200). As CuO content increases, the band gap increases to a maximum of 3.51 eV, maximum resistivity of 8.251x 104 Ω.cm with mobility of 199.5 cm2 / V.s, when x= 0.5. The results show that the conductivity is ntype when x value was changed in the range (0 to 0.4) but further addition of CuO converted the samples to p-type.
Effect of dopant of aluminum on the structural and optical properties of NiTsPc thin films
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science / Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, Hassun H. K. , Mustafa M. H. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science / Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, Athab R. H. ,   AI-Esraa University College, Baghdad, lraq, Al-Maiyaly B. K. H. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science / Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, Hussein B. H. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science / Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: September 2022

The (NiTsPc) thin films operating by vacuum evaporation technique are high recital and good desirable for number of applications, were dumped on glass substrates at room temperature with (200±20nm) thickness and doped with Al at different percentage (0.01,0.03) besides annealing the sample with 200˚C for 1 hours . The stimuluses of aluminum dopant percentage on characterization of the dropped (Ni Ts Pc) thin films were studied through X-ray diffraction in addition from the attained results, were all the films have polycrystalline in nature, as well the fallouts of XRD aimed at film illustrations polycrystalline, depending on the Al ratio doping, the results, SEM exposed the surface is regularly homogeneous. Utilizing first-ideologies calculations, we demonstration that appropriate band gaps and optical properties adjacent to that of direct energy gap intended for wholly samples.
Estimation of the spectral, electrical, and dielectric properties of Mn-Cu-Cd-Gd ferrite\graphene nanoplatelets composites
Authors:   Dept. of Physics, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan, Latif Z. , Rehman A. U. ,   Dept. of Physics, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan, Yusuf M. ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia, Amin N. ,   Dept. of Physics, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan, Arshad M. I. ,   Dept. of Physics, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
Published: September 2022

The sol-gel auto combustion route was used to synthesis Mn-Cu-Cd-Gd ferrite\graphene nanoplatelets composites having chemical formula Mn0.5Cu0.25Cd0.25Fe1.97Gd0.03O4/Graphene nanoplatelets (MCCFG/GNPs composites) (where GNPs wt% = 0.0wt%, 1.25wt%, 2.5wt%, 3.75wt%, 5wt%). The incorporation of GNPs in the MCCFG sample enhanced the crystallite size from 35.89 nm to 58.92 nm. Raman modes of vibration also confirmed the spinel structure. The resistivity was reduced and optical bandgap energy was increased with increasing content of GNPs. Moreover, both dielectric constant and saturation magnetization was reduced with the insertion of GNPs in the MCCGF spinel lattice.
Microstructure, surface morphology and anticancer activity of magnesium doped zinc oxide nanoparticles
Authors:   Department of Physics, Selvamm Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Namakkal, Tamilnadu – 637 003, India, Pachamuthu P. , Jeyakumari A. P. ,   PG and Research Department of Physics, Thiruvalluvar Government Arts College, Rasipuram.Tamilnadu – 637 401,India, Srinivasan N. ,   Department of Physics, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Tamilnadu – 638 060, India
Published: September 2022

Depending upon their origin and synthesis methods, nanoparticles possess unique physicochemical, structural and morphological characteristics, which are important in a wide variety of applications concomitant to various fields. In the present work, Magnesium doped zinc oxide nanoparticles with different concentrations (5 atomic % and 10 atomic %) are prepared and the prepared samples are annealed at 200 ⸰C for 2 h in a muffle furnace. The structure, surface morphology, chemical composition, optical properties and photoluminescence properties were analyzed using standard procedures. The antioxidant potential and cytotoxicity against the breast cancer MDAMB231 cancer cell line of prepared nanoparticles were explored. A simple, economical soft chemical method was used. The XRD analysis confirmed the presence of hexagonal wurtzite phase with a space group P63mc all the prepared samples. The estimated average grain size for the sample MZ2 (18.16 nm) was smaller than the other samples. The SEM micrograph showed that the morphology of the samples were exhibited the rod shape (MZ1, MZ2 and MZ4) and flower shape (MZ3). The purity of the samples was confirmed by EDAX data. The estimated band gap energy of sample MZ1 and sample MZ3 were 3.41e V and 3.38 e V from the UV-vis analysis. The FT-IR spectra of the samples predicted the presence of functional groups for Zn-O and Mg-O bonds. The PL analysis displayed a strong UV emission peak at 387 nm and a green emission peak at 557 nm. The results of the prepared samples prove the potential toxicity against MDAMB231 breast cancer cell line.
Molecular mechanisms and effects of urocortin II on rat adventitial fibroblast calcification induced by calcified medium
Authors: Zhang Xusheng , Huang Zhanjun , Fan Xiaorong , Tan Xiaoqing , Lu Chengzhi , Yang Jianshe
Published: September 2022

The present study aimed to assess the role of urocortin II (UII) in the process of vascular calcification in vitro by using a calcification model, to detect the changes in the mRNA and protein levels of associated markers in rat adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) during their phenotypic transformation to osteoblast cellsto clarify the main signal transduction pathway of UII responsible for regulating vascular calcification and AF phenotypic transformation of osteoblast cells, and to prove that UII was an endogenous factor promoting vascular calcification, so as to provide an effective experimental basis for the clinical regulation of related diseases caused by vascular calcification. Finally, we successfully constructed the calcified cell model, found that UII was an endogenous substance regulating vascular calcification, regulated the vascular calcification by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting autophagy through up- and downregulated BAX and BCL-2/BECLIN 1 (BECN1) level, and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was involved.
Evaluation of the hypocholesterolemic efficacy of lyophilized Nerium oleander distillate
Authors: Kizilay Harun , Bas Ahmet Levent , Yazihan Nuray
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Nerium oleander distilatının hiperkolesterolemik sıçanların serum biyokimyasal parametreleri üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 30 erkek Sprague-Dawley rattan oluşan üç eşit grup oluşturuldu. Kontrol grubu için herhangi bir uygulama yapılmadı. İkinci gruba yüksek kolesterol diyeti verilirken, üçüncü gruba günde bir kez oral gavaj yoluyla liyofilize Nerium oleander distilatına ek olarak yüksek kolesterol diyeti verildi. Üç ay sonra, sıçanlardan sedasyon altında kan alındı ve ötenazi yapıldı. Serum açlık kan şekeri, trigliserit, yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein, total kolesterol, düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein, alanin aminotransferaz, aspartat aminotransferaz, albümin, total protein, alkalin fosfataz, laktat dehidrojenaz, kreatinin ve üre düzeyleri otoanalizörde belirlendi.
Bulgular: Yüksek kolesterol diyeti ile beslenen grupta, kontrol grubuna kıyasla, alkalin fosfataz, alanin aminotransferaz, aspartat aminotransferaz, kolesterol, glukoz, düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein ve trigliserit seviyeleri arttı (p < 0.05). Ancak Nerium oleander uygulaması yükselmiş olan aspartat aminotransferaz, kolesterol, düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein ve trigliserit düzeyini düşürdüğü (p < 0.05) belirlendi.
Öneri: Özetlemek gerekirse, Nerium oleander distilatının antihiperkolesterolemik ve karaciğer koruyucu özelliklere sahip olduğu ifade edilebilir.
Investigation of the efficacy of tyrosol on doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity in rats
Authors: Cellat Mustafa , Etyemez Muhammed
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Çalışmada, doksorubisin ile oluşturulan kardiyotoksisite üzerine tirozolün etkinliğinin araştırılması amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Ratlar 4 gruba ayrıldı ve her grupta 8 rat yer aldı. Grup 1 ve grup 2’ye 1 ml serum fizyolojik, grup 3 ve grup 4’e ise 20 mg/kg dozda tirozol uygulaması yapıldı. Serum fizyolojik ve tirozol uygulamalarında oral gavaj yöntemi kullanıldı. Ayrıca grup 2 ve grup 4’e denemenin 12. günü 15 mg/kg dozda ve tek doz intraperitoneal doksorubisin uygulaması yapıldı. Denemenin 14. gününde anestezi altındaki ratlardan serum ve doku örnekleri alındı ve daha sonra ötanazi edildi. Serum kreatin kinaz MB ve kreatin kinaz aktiviteleri analiz edildi. Kalp dokuları çıkarıldı ve bu dokularda histopatolojik ve oksidatif stres parametrelerine yönelik analizler yapıldı. Kalp dokusu malondialdehit ve redükte glutatyon düzeyleri ile katalaz ve glutatyon peroksidaz enzim aktiviteleri spektrofotometrik olarak belirlendi.
Bulgular: Tirozol ön tedavisinin doksorubisinin neden olduğu kalp dokusu malondialdehit düzeyindeki artışı (p<0.05), redükte glutatyon düzeyi ve glutatyon peroksidaz enzim aktivitesindeki azalmaları engellediği ve doksorubisinin kalp dokusunda meydana getirdiği oksidatif stresi baskıladığı görüldü. Kalp dokusu katalaz enzim aktiviteleri açısından gruplar arasında farklılık gözlenmedi. Kalpteki oksidatif hasarın azalmasına bağlı olarak serum kreatin kinaz MB ve kreatin kinaz aktivitelerinin önemli oranda azaldığı (p<0.05) tespit edildi. Ayrıca tirozol ön tedavisinin doksorubisinin kalp dokusunda meydana getirdiği histopatolojik lezyonları engellediği belirlendi.
Öneri: Tirozol uygulamasının doksorubisinin neden olduğu kardiyotoksisiteyi azaltabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Comparison of growth curves with non-linear models in Japanese quails of different plumage color
Authors: Guler Serdar , Arslan Emre , Sari Muhammed Mucahit , Cetin Orhan
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada kahverengi ve sarı tüy renkli Japon bıldırcınlarında büyüme eğrisi parametrelerinin tahmini ve en uyumlu modelin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma materyali olarak 80 adet kahverengi ve 80 adet sarı tüy renkli Japon bıldırcını kullanılmıştır. Bıldırcınlar 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 ve 42 günlük yaşlarda tartılmıştır. Büyüme eğrilerini belirlemek için Gompertz, Logistic, Von Bertalanffy ve Richards modelleri kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Uyum iyiliği açısından Gompertz modeli kahverengi ve sarı tüy renkli Japon bıldırcınları için en iyi model olarak tespit edilmiştir. Belirleme katsayısı (R2), düzeltilmiş belirleme katsayısı (R2adj), Akaike Bilgi Kriteri (AIC), Bayesian Bilgi kriteri (BIC) ve hata kareler ortalaması (HKO) kahverengi ve sarı tüy renkli bıldırcınlarda sırasıyla 0,9968; 0,9952; 24,8801; 24,7179 ve 25,9657; 0,9975; 0,9963; 22,9149; 22,7527 ve 19,6099 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Modele ait β0, β1 veβ2 parametreleri kahverengi ve sarı tüy renkli bıldırcınlar için sırasıyla 234,89; 3,630; 0,072 & 236,58; 3,516 ve 0,069 bulunmuştur. Bükülme noktası yaşı ve bükülme noktasındaki canlı ağırlık ise sırasıyla 17,91 gün ve 86,41 g; 18,15 gün ve 87,03 g olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Öneri: Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada hem kahverengi hem de sarı tüy renkli Japon bıldırcınlarında Gompertz modeli en iyi model olarak belirlenmiştir. Farklı tüy renklerindeki Japon bıldırcınlarının büyüme eğrisi özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde sonraki araştırmalarda kullanılması önerilebilir. Öte yandan, Japon bıldırcınlarının bir alt türü olan Jumbo bıldırcın yetiştiriciliği, kahverengi tüy renkli Japon bıldırcınlarının yanı sıra yüksek erginleşme indeksi nedeniyle bıldırcın eti üretiminde dikkate alınmalıdır.
Application of Qualitative Characteristics to Evaluate Misstatements in Financial Statements: Evidence from Factual Audit Data
Authors: Masiulevičius Audrius , Lakis Vaclovas
Published: September 2022

The auditor should use qualitative characteristics, which describe the essence of misstatement, while assessing identified misstatements. Final decision depends on the professional judgment made by the auditor, however, auditors may make erroneous decisions or be biased. Previous theoretical research highlighted problems with the application of qualitative characteristics. However, factual audit data is confidential and usually not available for researchers to examine, therefore previous research mostly relied on surveys or experiments and there is little evidence on how auditors behave during real audits (rather than simulations). One audit company agreed to provide us with factual data for this research. The aim of the research is to examine the application of primary qualitative characteristics based on factual audit data. During the research, the audits performed in one Lithuanian audit company for the financial years 2019–2020 were examined as well as summarized official (publicly available) data about audit companies in Lithuania and audits performed by them for 2018–2020 financial years were examined. Firstly, most important primary qualitative characteristics, as well as secondary commonly used characteristics, were singled out. Our further investigation, based on received 2019–2020 factual audit data revealed that some auditors still do not apply primary qualitative characteristics in all cases. Even though we investigated one company and we cannot directly extrapolate results for the whole audit market, but our results are in line with the official and publicly available information about audit companies in Lithuania. Thus, we conclude that our results partly reflect truthful view of factual behavior of audit companies in Lithuania. These results also confirm theoretical research that qualitative characteristics are not sufficiently appreciated.
Macroeconomic assessments and forecasts of the post-war recovery of Ukraine's economy
Authors:   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”, Skrypnychenko Mariia
Published: September 2022

The consequences of the invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine and a review of forecasts of the decline of the domestic economy in 2022-2023 are outlined. A special place is given to the initial conditions for forecasting the post-war recovery of Ukraine, first of all: attracting investments and achieving a high rate of accumulation of fixed capital, which will ensure a shorter period of economic recovery, maintaining moderate inflation, restoring macroeconomic stability. A historical review of the post-war recovery of the national economies of Germany, Japan, and Israel, which recorded high levels of gross fixed capital formation rates in 1950-1958, was elaborated. The economic expediency of building up fixed capital to ensure economic growth was noted. It is shown that the accumulation of investment resources and their effective using were the main priorities of the policy of post-war economic recovery in countries after the cessation of hostilities. An instrumental analysis of the relationship between GDP, the rate of gross fixed capital formation and inflation was carried out, the results of which confirmed the positive influence of the rate of gross fixed capital formation and the negative impact of inflation on the dynamics of GDP according to the data of the economy of Ukraine. Calculations showed that achieving the rate of gross fixed capital formation up to 30-35% of GDP will contribute to the rapid recovery of the post-war economy of Ukraine. It is noted that in the post-war period, the Government of Ukraine, in cooperation with the NBU, must implement a balanced policy of ensuring macroeconomic stability, aimed at maintaining a balance between strengthening social support for the population, stimulating the development of economic sectors, and maintaining an acceptable level of inflation and a stable hryvnia exchange rate. Risks and threats with difficult-to-predict consequences for Ukraine's economy are presented, the main ones of which should be noted: the continuation of Russia's war against Ukraine after 2023 and the escalation of hostilities on the territory of Ukraine with the strengthening of the impact of the devastating force majeure shocks of the global recession on internal economic processes.
Branch regeneration of jaborandi submitted to diferentes types of pruning and cropping systems
Authors: Alves Lameira Osmar , Santos Ribeiro Fernanda Naiara , Teixeira Rocha Tainá , Mesquita Germano Carolina , Alves de Assis Rafael Marlon
Published: September 2022

The leaf of the jaborandi (Pilocarpus microphyllus) is the part of the plant of economic interest, from which the pilocarpine is extracted, therefore, leaf production is the main variable that determines the productivity of this species. Pilocarpus leaf production can be managed during its development phase. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate branch regeneration of jaborandi submitted to two types of cutting/pruning and different cropping systems. Prunings were carried out in jaborandi plants from different accessions from the Janorandi Active Germoplasm Bank (BGA), that were under different cropping systems, full sun and shade. With pruning shears, cuts were made 10 and 20 cm from the branch bifurcations. The results showed that regardless of the distances of the cuts in the jaborandi plants, the prunings benefited new shoots production and the harvest and influence on leaf production could be anticipated without harming the plant’s development. The drastic pruning performed on the species also stimulated efficient regeneration without damaging the plant, resulting in bigger leaf production, regardless of the pruning direction. It was also observed that jaborandi cultivation becomes more productive when it is grown under full sun regardless of the germplasm used, and the leaves can be harvested in all the months of the year.
Efficacy of alternative herbicides to glyphosate in the weed control in glyphosate and sulfonylurea-tolerant soybean
Authors: Silva André Felipe Moreira , Giraldeli Ana Ligia , Silva Gustavo Soares da , Araújo Lucas da Silva , Lima Robson Josadaque Nogueira , Oliveira Diogo Alexandre Góes de , Albrecht Alfredo Junior Paiola , Victoria Filho Ricardo
Published: September 2022

It is believed that ALS inhibitor herbicides in combination with ACCase inhibitors can be used as an alternative to glyphosate in weed control in RR2/STS soybeans. In the present study, the efficacy of ALS inhibitor herbicides, in combination with haloxyfop, is evaluated in the control of weeds for post-emergence application (V4) of RR/STS soybeans. The experiment is carried out in the 2017/18 season in Piracicaba, São Paulo (SP), Brazil. The cultivar BMX Garra RR2/STS is used, and the treatments were composed by the application of ALS inhibitor herbicides in association with haloxyfop. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. Were evaluated control and dry mass of weeds, symptoms of injury in soybean plants and yield. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means of the treatments were compared by the Tukey test. Visual symptoms of injury were observed in soybean plants, mainly for the application of nicosulfuron and nicosulfuron + cloransulam. Soybean yield was higher in all herbicide treatments compared to the control without weeding. Associations between ALS inhibitor herbicides and haloxyfop applied post-emergence (V4) of soybean cultivar BMX Garra RR2/STS were effective in weed control.
Direct sowing of onion (Allium cepa) over cover crops with different lengths of the chemical fallow
Authors: Volpi Alvez Jorge Gualberto , Olivet Martínez Juan José , Rodrigues da Cunha João Paulo
Published: September 2022

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of cover crops and fallow duration on the onion crop planted in direct sowing in trials carried out for three years. In the year 2013, two field trials were carried out in two sites. Two cover crops (oats and millet) and one uncovered control were evaluated at three planting dates. The studied variables were crop establishment and dry matter of the cover. In the field trials performed in 2014 and 2015 the effect of the length of the chemical fallow of oats on the establishment of onion was evaluated. The effect of the duration of the chemical fallow of oats was also evaluated in laboratory in 2015 in Petri dishes. In 2013, the greatest establishment was obtained in the treatments without cover in both sites. In 2014 the greater the duration was of the chemical fallow of the cover, the greater the onion establishment. In the field trial in 2015, no effects of fallow duration on crop establishment were observed, a result attributable to the intense rainfall recorded. In the laboratory, germination was higher in treatments with longer fallow periods. Based on the results, evidence was obtained of the negative effect of the cover crops in the establishment of the onion crop. These effects were inversely related to the duration of chemical fallow and may be attributable to allelopathic effects.
Sowing rate and its effects on forage yield of tetraploid ryegrass
Authors: Barros Lílian Moreira , Mittelmann Andréa , Pedroso Carlos Eduardo , Bortolini Fernanda , Veronez Rodrigo Porto , Tavares Luis Guilherme Ramos
Published: September 2022

There is a shortage of information about the ryegrass crop (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), especially regarding the suitable sowing rate. Thus, the present work aimed to determine the most adequate sowing rate for tetraploid ryegrass cultivars. A tetraploid ryegrass population was sown at different densities: 150, 300, 600, 900, 1200, 1500, 1800 seeds/m². The number of plants per m², percentage of soil cover, leaf yield and green and dry forage yield were evaluated. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications. To observe the behavior of the pasture at different densities for each cut, regression analysis was performed, through which it was possible to verify that the sowing rate has greater influence on the initial cut of the crop. In all the variables analyzed by regression, only the second cut presented a linear trend favorable to the increase in density. In the other cuts, an increase was observed, both in the height of plants and in the yield variables, up to the density of 1500 seeds/m², with a subsequent fall to the highest density, indicating that higher densities may be detrimental to pasture yield. Therefore the density of 1500 seeds/m² is the most suitable for tetraploid ryegrass cultivars.
Síndrome de bandas amnióticas en el desarrollo de las hendiduras faciales. Reporte de caso clínico
Authors: Varela–Ibañez Carlos Eduardo , Medécigo–Costeira Daniel , Ayala–González Diego Armando , Miranda–Villasana José Ernesto
Published: September 2022

Introducción: el síndrome de bandas amnióticas abarca una variedad de anomalías congénitas que incluyen la deformación, disrupción y malformación de múltiples órganos. Este síndrome tiene diferentes manifestaciones clínicas al nacimiento, como anillos formados por la constricción de las bandas, amputaciones de extremidades y malformaciones craneofaciales. La incidencia es de aproximadamente 1 en 1,200- 15,000 nacidos vivos. Objetivo: realizar la descripción de un paciente femenino de 4 meses de edad que acude al servicio de cirugía oral y maxilofacial del Hospital del Niño DIF Pachuca, Hidalgo, México. La paciente presenta deformidad en la región geniana que se extiende desde el labio superior hasta la región infraorbitaria de lado derecho, pit paracomisural derecho y fisura Tessier 7. Conclusión: se da el diagnóstico final de deformidad maxilofacial a causa del síndrome de bandas amnióticas y la paciente recibe tratamiento médico-quirúrgico con un resultado satisfactorio.
Tipificación del virus del papiloma humano en lesiones de cavidad bucal. Estudio desarrollado en los servicios de estomatología, Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cartagena y el Hospital Alemán de Buenos Aires
Authors: Pupo–Marrugo Stella , Carmona–Lorduy Martha , Sánchez–Tatis Angelica , Cecilia Werner Laura , Rocha–Herrera Beatriz
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: describir las características clínicas epidemiológicas en cavidad bucal de la infección por VPH y la asociación con su tipificación molecular. Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico de corte transversal en 52 pacientes que acudieron a los servicios de estomatología en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cartagena y al Hospital Alemán de Buenos Aires, a quienes se les abrió historia clínica y se les practicó prueba de PCR en tiempo real para la tipificación del VPH. Resultados: el análisis de los datos se efectuó a través de frecuencia y porcentaje. En cuanto a la parte inferencial, se usó la prueba chi cuadrado con un nivel de confianza P<0,05. De los 52 pacientes analizados, 67.3% eran mujeres con un predominio de edad entre los 50-59 años. El serotipo mayormente encontrado fue VPH 6, seguido del VPH 11 y otros tipos de VPH. La lesión elemental más preponderante fue la verrugosidad y la ubicación de predominio, la lengua. Conclusión: las infecciones por VPH se manifiestan frecuentemente en cavidad bucal con verrugosidades en lengua. Su estudio epidemiológico, incluyendo su tipificación, permitiría encontrar lesiones características para un diagnóstico, seguimiento y tratamiento oportuno.
PRODUCCIÓN DE ENTROPÍA EN UN MODELO AUTOCATALÍTICO NO-ISOTÉRMICO PERTURBADO CON PULSOS DE ANALITO
Authors: Barragán Daniel , Montoya Jean Piero
Published: September 2022

En este artículo se presenta el análisis termodinámico de un oscilador químico no-isotérmico tipo Lotka-Volterra perturbado con pulsos de analito. Partiendo de un mecanismo de reacción simple de tres etapas elementales, con dos inestabilidades, más una cuarta etapa que representa el efecto perturbativo, se construye un modelo matemático basado en la ley de acción de masas y en el balance de energía en recipiente cerrado y pseudo-adiabático que considera la variación de las constantes cinéticas con la temperatura según el modelo cinético de Arrhenius. La solución numérica del modelo permite estudiar la dinámica y la termodinámica basada en la segunda ley. El sistema responde a la perturbación evolucionando a una nueva trayectoria estable de ciclo límite, de modo que la concentración inicial del pulso de analito se correlaciona con valores definidos de producción de entropía y eficiencia energética. Adicionalmente se observa para ciertos valores de los parámetros de control, magnitud de la perturbación y del coeficiente global de transferencia de calor, que la perturbación lleva al sistema a un periodo de fase muerta, el cual igualmente se correlaciona con la magnitud de dicha perturbación y con la de la producción de entropía durante este período. Finalmente, todos los resultados se analizan y comparan contra el modelo isotérmico para establecer la contribución de la exotermicidad de las reacciones a la producción de entropía.
EXTRACTOS NATURALES PARA INCREMENTAR LA CALIDAD Y SOSTENIBILIDAD DE POSTURAS DE Nicotiana tabacum L VAR. COROJO 2012 EN PINAR DEL RÍO, CUBA
Authors: Pérez Martín Griseida María , Valdes-Márquez Humberto , Jo-García María , Hernández-Gonzalo René , Milián-Domínguez Jorge C.
Published: September 2022

La investigación se desarrolló en la finca “La Rosa”, CCS “Carlos Hidalgo” Provincia Pinar del Río. Se evaluó el efecto de extractos de S. saman y A. vera en la producción de posturas de N. tabacum L var. Corojo 2012 en semillero tradicional bajo túnel. Se utilizó diseño de bloques al azar con cinco tratamientos y tres réplicas, se tomaron 15 plántulas por tratamiento y se evaluó: altura de la planta, número de hojas, diámetro del tallo, longitud de las raíces y volumen radical. Se aplicaron los extractos de forma foliar. Se realizó prueba de normalidad (kolmogórov Smirnov) y prueba de homogeneidad (p> 0.05). ANOVA de clasificación simple (prueba de rangos múltiples de Duncan). Los parámetros morfológicos altura de la planta y número de hojas obtienen los mayores valores con los tratamientos T1, T2 y T3. Para el diámetro del tallo el mayor valor lo obtuvo T4 seguido de T2 y T3. La longitud de la raíz no tuvo diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos. En el volumen radical los mejores resultados los alcanzaron T2 y T4. El empleo de biofertilizantes permite alcanzar avances desde el punto de vista de sostenibilidad en los sistemas agrícolas tabacaleros.
Assessment of the effectiveness of land consolidation works, as illustrated with the case of Bielcza village
Authors: Doroż Arkadiusz , Musiał Aleksandra , Bożek Piotr
Published: September 2022

Land consolidation is a process consisting in the designation of new cadastral plots with a different shape compared to the original ones, in order to reduce the number of small and scattered plots of land that make up a farm, and to increase the average size of homesteads. Within the scope of a land consolidation project, works related to post-consolidation land development are also carried out, which mainly include the creation of a functional network of access roads to agricultural and forest land, and the implementation of tasks, which impact the regulation of hydrographic conditions within the area covered by the consolidation, and which affect land reclamation.
Having understood the opportunities as well as threats related to the construction of the highway, the Self-government of the Małopolska region (Małopolskie Voivodship) initiated activities related to the implementation of the first infrastructural consolidations in Poland in relation to the proposed highway-adjoining areas. On September 21, 2005, an agreement was signed with the General Directorate for National Roads and Highways in Warsaw [Generalna Dyrekcja Dróg Krajowych i Autostrad w Warszawie], pertaining to cooperation regarding the consolidation of land related to the Kraków-Tarnów section of the A4 highway, currently under construction. Infrastructural consolidation, otherwise known as highway-related land consolidation, is a procedure that consists in ordering the space adjacent to the highway construction area, as well as to another investment project in linear form. The purpose of the present article is to investigate the effectiveness of land consolidation works in connection with the construction of the highway, as illustrated with the example of a part of the village of Bielcza, in Borzęcin municipality, Brest district.
The analysis of Si/Al ratio on CGA decomposition in Indonesian traditional Kreweng pottery coffee roaster to maximize coffee acidity
Authors: Qiram Ikhwanul , Hamidi Nurkholis , Yuliati Lilis , Nugroho Willy Satrio , Wardana I Nyoman Gede
Published: September 2022

The use of pottery pans lowers the roasting temperature and gives the product a more favorable taste. This study uncovers the role of pottery particle on chlorogenic acid (CGA) decomposition during roasting process. This study aims to design pottery pans and the roasting process that optimize the CGA content and quality of the coffee using Indonesian traditional ceramics from Banyuwangi, East java named Kreweng. The pottery was ground to between 74–1000 µm before activation. The elemental, phase, and morphology characterization performs on the coffee bean. The morphology characteristic of the pottery observed further using digital imaging technique to unravel the pores and boundaries. The impact of the pottery usage for coffee roasting also tested through coffee product pH measurement. The pottery morphology determines coffee product acidity. The smaller the pottery catalyst particle size results in more acid coffee. The pore and grain boundary concentration increases as the particle size decreases. At the same time, the Si/Al ratio was higher at the smaller catalyst particle size with higher porosity, grain boundaries, and absorption. The porosity and defects reveal the negatively charged faces of the pottery crystal edges. The charged faces revealed due to the pottery crystal vibration in response to heat during roasting process. The effectiveness of surface contact is greater due to the distribution of negative charges around the pores that attract OH- side of CGA. This interaction traps hydrogen proton on catalyst conductive surface. As a result, the CGA decomposes into several groups of atoms and molecules including H2 and CO2. The interaction with the catalyst transforms the macronutrient into aliphatic acid. Therefore, roasting media with a higher Si/Al ratio at smaller particle sizes with high micropores will increase the rate of decomposition and the acidity of coffee products.
Developing application techniques of kinematics and simulation model for InMoov robot
Authors: Kenshimov Chingis , Sundetov Talgat , Kunelbayev Murat , Sarzhan Magzhan , Kutubayeva Madina , Amandykuly Arman
Published: September 2022

In this work, the direct and inverse kinematic analysis of both robot arms are investigated based on the analytical and informational representation. The results of the study will be used to provide the functionality of gesturing by a robot in sign language, both Kazakh and other languages, used in educational systems, especially in children's institutions and societies for deaf people. A simulation model of the movement of the robot's arms in the workspace has been studied and built. The developed model will be further implemented and used as mathematical and information support for the created robot. The developed library contains implementations of forward kinematics and iterative algorithms for inverse kinematics.
The InMoov robot is a platform widely used in research tasks, supported by the MyRobotLab package. A direct kinematic model for the left and right hands of the robot has been studied. Based on the Python programming language, the working space for robot manipulators was calculated, using the matpilotlib library, an iteration method algorithm was developed to find the probable path of robot manipulators in space. A model of a structured artificial neural network (ANN) is proposed, which is used to find a solution to the inverse kinematics of the InMoov robot with six degrees of freedom (4-dof). The applied ANN model is a multilayer perceptron neural network (MLPNN) in which the learning rule of the Adam-a gradient diskend type is applied. To solve this problem, the problem of finding the best ANN configuration was studied. It has been established that a multilayer parseptron neural network gives the minimum mean square error. The regression coefficient analysis, which shows a 95.6 % fit of all communication variables, is acceptable for obtaining the inverse kinematics of the InMoov robot.
Revealing the influence of technological parameters on the process of extraction from walnut shell
Authors: Sultanova Madina , Abdrakhmanov Khamza , Nurysh Aida , Saduakas Aygerim , Akzhanov Nurtore
Published: September 2022

The object of this study is the influence of technological parameters on the extraction process from walnut shells.
The main practical application of walnut is associated with the use of a kernel placed inside the shell. The kernel isolated after processing is used in confectionery, fat-and-oil, flour milling, pharmaceutical, and other industries. The walnut shell that remains after cleaning is waste and is usually disposed of. Analysis of studies reveals that walnut shells are rich in phenolic acids and related polyphenols, which are essentially a natural antibiotic with numerous healing effects. Along with this, crushed walnut shell is a universal organic, biodegradable, environmentally friendly, and valuable raw material with unique physical characteristics and chemical properties used in various sectors of the economy. Walnut shell is 52.3 % lignin, for comparison ‒ almond shell contains 28.9 %, pine nut – 40 % lignin. Studies show that lignin characterizes the level of strength of the shell, and in its chemical composition is a source of antioxidants. Various methods of extraction of biologically active substances from walnut shells are used. However, the results obtained by different methods have a wide range of data. Optimization of extraction processes has been carried out and its regularity was established. By the method of mathematical modeling, optimal extraction modes were revealed under which the most complete extraction of biologically active substances is observed. Optimal extraction modes have been developed.
Development of probiotic yogurt from small cattle milk
Authors: Ospanov Assan , Velyamov Shukhrat , Makeeva Raushan , Tlevlessova Dinara , Tastanova Raushan
Published: September 2022

This paper considers the physicochemical parameters of sheep's and goat's milk as raw materials to produce live yogurt. Sheep's milk of 12 breeds (14 samples per breed) and goat's milk of 4 breeds (10 samples per breed) were examined. Milk was selected to produce yogurt from cow's, sheep's, goat's milk and combined mixtures of cow's and sheep's milk in different ratios. The milk was selected for the purpose of producing yogurt with long-term viability of dairy bacteria, thereby obtaining live yogurt without the addition of synthetic preservation agents. The viability of probiotics (Bifidobacterium and Lactobacterium) in the composition of yogurts from cow's, sheep's, goat's milk, and mixtures: cow's and sheep's milk in various ratios, cow's and goat's in similar ratios has been investigated. For consumer preference, organoleptic analyzes are very important, according to the results of which yogurt was selected in a ratio of 3:1 cow's milk and sheep's milk, respectively. An equally important indicator is the safety of the product, so microbiological and biochemical analyzes were carried out on day 1 and during storage (day 28 at 4 °C). Producing yogurt using sheep's milk is an interesting approach because of the improved nutritional value compared to cow's and goat's milk. Yogurt with the best indicators and a rational ratio of 2 types of milk was also identified. The physicochemical parameters of all types of yogurts were studied, the rational number of added starter cultures was selected. At the same time, yogurt from cow's milk received low marks on organoleptic analysis, the rest of the samples showed a good result. The best in terms of the organoleptic analysis are yogurts with the addition of sheep's milk. Yogurts have the ability to increase the body's resistance to harmful environmental factors, subject to the consumption of live yogurt.
Development of technologies for obtaining grain bases and special additives from local grain raw materials to make products of increased nutritional value
Authors: Chakanova Zhanar , Shaimerdenova Darigash , Bekbolatova Meruert , Sarbasova Gaini , Iskakova Damira , Yesmambetov Adlet
Published: September 2022

The object of research reported in this paper is grain and leguminous crops of Kazakhstan.
Grains and leguminous crops, as well as products that are made from them, are of great importance in human nutrition because they are sources of protein, fat, carbohydrates, some vitamins, and macro and microelements. They contain plant fibers, as well as a number of biologically active substances necessary for the normal functioning of the entire human body. At the same time, modern technologies for processing and manufacturing products from cereals are associated with significant losses of nutrients embedded in them by nature when producing refined products. The problem that needs to be solved is to study the impact exerted on grain crops by various processing techniques and to propose the most optimal ones that make it possible to maximally preserve the nutrients of grain raw materials laid down by nature.
A comparative study of the following grain processing techniques was carried out: micronization, extrusion, germination, and fine grinding. Processing modes have been proposed, which could significantly reduce the loss of useful substances of the grain.
The chemical and vitamin composition of processed products has been studied. It was established that fine grinding and extrusion processing are the most acceptable because they allowed the use of grain without separating the shells containing the main nutrients of the grain.
The suggested processing modes contribute to the production of grain bases and additives with the most optimal vitamin-mineral formulation.
This study's results contributed to a better understanding of the impact of the examined techniques for processing grains and legumes on the vitamin-mineral complex of the resulting products. Grain processing modes can be recommended for practical application.
Devising a method for managing the configuration of products within an eco-logistics system project
Authors: Rudenko Sergey , Kovtun Tetiana , Smrkovska Victoriya
Published: September 2022

This paper considers the need to transform logistics systems into eco-logistics ones in order to achieve environmental goals of sustainable development. It was determined that one of the ways to reduce the eco-destructive impact of eco-logistics systems on the environment is the use of project management methodology tools and making changes to the project life cycle by including ecologically oriented phases. The products obtained during the life cycle of an eco-logistics system project have been identified and the links between the products of individual phases of the project have been established.
The object of this study is the method of managing the configuration of products of the eco-logistics system project, which includes three stages: product parameter specification, product clustering, and structuring of the project’s product clusters. A description of each stage is provided.
The specification of product parameters is to create descriptive frame models of products that contain the parameters necessary to characterize the product phase of the project, which are reflected in the content of the project’s products. Product clustering involves the creation of information models of product clusters that contain information about the set of products of the project phases that have close parameter values. Structuring clusters of project products leads to the creation of a network of clusters between which connections are formed, which makes it possible to build a product configuration.
Experimental calculations confirming the adequacy of the application of the proposed method of managing the configuration of products of the eco-logistics system project are presented. As a result, a network of clusters of project products has been created, using which makes it possible to synthesize product chains that would have maximum value in terms of complying with eco-logistics rules and could minimize the negative impact on the environment.