bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical Design of Self-Propelled Janus Droplets
Authors: Meredith Caleb , Castonguay Alexander , Chiu Yu-Jen , Brooks Allan M. , Moerman Pepijn , Torab Peter , Wong Pak Kin , Sen Ayusman , Velegol Darrell , Zarzar Lauren
Published: April 2021

The study of active colloidal microswimmers with tunable phoretic and self-organizational behaviors is important for understanding out-of-equilibrium systems and the design of functional, adaptive matter. Solubilizing, self-propelling droplets have emerged as a rich chemical platform for exploration of active behaviors, but isotropic droplets rely on spontaneous symmetry breaking to sustain motion. The introduction of permanent asymmetry, e.g. in the form of a biphasic Janus droplet, has not been explored previously as a comprehensive design strategy for active droplets, despite the widespread use of Janus structures in motile solid particles. Here, we uncover the chemomechanical framework underlying the self-propulsion of active, biphasic Janus oil droplets solubilizing in aqueous surfactant. We elucidate how droplet propulsion is influenced by the degree of oil mixing, droplet shape, and oil solubilization rates for a range of oil combinations. A key finding is that for droplets containing both a mobile (solubilizing) and non-mobile oil, the degree of partitioning of the mobile oil across the Janus droplets’ oil-oil interface plays a pivotal role in determining the droplet speed and swimming direction. As a result, we observe propulsion speeds of Janus droplets more than an order-of-magnitude faster than chasing pairs of single emulsion droplets which lack an oil-oil interface. In addition, spatiotemporal control over droplet swimming speed and orientation is demonstrated through the application of local thermal gradients applied via induced via joule heading and laser spot illumination. We also explore the interactions between collections of Janus droplets including the spontaneous formation of multi-droplet spinning clusters that rotate predictably based on symmetry. Our findings provide key insights as to how the chemistry and structure of multiphase fluids can be harnessed to design microswimmers with programmable active and collective behaviors.
A Soft On/Off Switch Based on the Electrochemically Reversible H-J Interconversion of a Floating Porphyrin Membrane
Authors: Molina-Osorio Andrés F. , Yamamoto Sho , Gamero-Quijano Alonso , Nagatani Hirohisa , Scanlon Micheal D.
Published: April 2021

Soft molecular assemblies that respond reversibly to external stimuli are attractive materials as on/off switches, in optoelectronic, memory and sensor technologies. In this article, we present the reversible structural rearrangement of a soft porphyrin membrane under an electrical potential stimulus in the absence of solid-state architectures. The free-floating porphyrin membrane lies at the interface between immiscible aqueous and organic electrolyte solutions and is formed through interfacial self-assembly of zinc(II) meso-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrins (ZnPor). A potential difference between the two immiscible electrolyte solutions induces the intercalation of bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene)ammonium cations from the organic electrolyte that exchange with protons in the porphyrin membrane. In situ UV/vis absorbance spectroscopy shows that this ionic intercalation and exchange induces a structural interconversion of the individual porphyrin molecules in the membrane from an H- to a J-type molecular configuration. These structural rearrangements are reversible over 30 potential cycles. In situ polarisation-modulation fluorescence spectroscopy further provides clear evidence of structural interconversion of the porphyrin membrane, as intercalation of the organic electrolyte cations significantly affects the latter’s emissive properties. By adjusting the pH of the aqueous phase, additional control of the electrochemically reversible structural interconversion can be achieved, with total suppression at pH 3.
Assessment of Nephroprotective Potential of Ethanolic Extract Premna Tomentosa (Ept) in Alcohol Toxicity in Male Albino Rats
Authors: Gomathi Priyadharsini T  , Kavimani M  , Sathiya Narayana Murthy S  , Prabhu K  , Arudyuti Chowdhury
Published: April 2021

The nephroprotective prospective of Premna tomentosa extract against Alcohol induced nephrotoxicity in rats was investigated in the present study. The characterization of ethanol extract of Premna tomentosa (EPT) was performed using standard phytochemical analysis. Male albino wistar rats 36 in numbers were divided into 6 groups including control, negative control, positive control and various doses of EPT Treated groups; Nephrotoxicity was induced by alcohol (1ml/100gm b.wt) in animals. Rats intoxicated with Alcohol were fed with 500, 750 mg/kg dose of EPT and Liv 52 (1ml/100gm b.wt) for 60 days. Results show that EPT (500mg/kg b.wt) had a significant effect against alcohol induced nephrotoxicity in rats than EPT (750mg/kg b.wt) in blood parameters and consonantly good histopathological changes in kidney. The deleterious histopathological alterations in kidney associated with glomerular and tubular changes in alcohol intoxicated rats was evident. This result shows Premna tomentosa may be used as supplementary drug for alcoholics.
Predictors of Length of Hospital Stay in Children Presenting to the Emergency Department of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Nesreen Suliman Alwallan  , Majid Alsalamah  , Badr F Al-Khateeb  , Saeed Mastour Alshahrani  , Ahmad Mohammed Ishaque Al Ibrahim  , Khadijah Angawi  , Paivi Toivola  , Ashraf El-Metwally
Published: April 2021

Length-of-stay is an important quality measure for emergency departments. The study aimed to find predictors for prolonged LOS in children. A cross sectional study was conducted from Jan 2017 to Mar 2018. Data were extracted from medical records of 5609 pediatric patients admitted to the King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital-ED, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Median LOS of the children was 74 mins. Multivariable analysis showed the difference in the expected LOS between patients DAMA and their non-DAMA counterparts was 72 mins. Difference in the expected LOS between patients at emergent and non-urgent triage was 89 mins, between urgent and non-urgent triage was 51 mins and difference between less urgent and non-urgent triage was 16 mins. Future studies should explore the contributing managerial and clinical factors that can explain such associations and might be the focus for future policy changes to reduce LOS in ED pediatric settings in Saudi Arabia.
Identification of lipid accumulation product (LAP) as a marker of metabolic syndrome: a study in healthy population of MMU
Authors: Bhumija Sharma  , Suvarna Prasad  , Sunita Manhas  , Bhawani Shankar Modi  , PriyankaTangri
Published: April 2021

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), is a collection of lipid and non-lipid cardiac related disease risk factors, is an important public health issue because of its higher prevalence with development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Henry Kahn anticipated lipid accumulation product (LAP), as a novel marker of central lipid accumulation, to predict the risk of MetS. This study was conducted in Department of Biochemistry of MMIMSR, Ambala, Haryana. In the current study, we are researching over a new diagnostic tool for diagnosing MetS by LAP use. MetS is diagnosed by National Cholesterol Education Program Adults treatment panel III (NCEPATP III) and then compared with LAP to find its efficacy over other variables. 200 volunteers were enrolled in this study, their biochemical parameters were estimated and anthropometric measurements were taken. MetS was diagnosed in apparently healthy subjects. LAP was calculated by Henry Kahn formula and required statistical tools were applied to analyse results. The parameters of MetS positive cases were compared with LAP and its validity was tested statistically. 56 (28%) out of 200 subjects were positive for MetS. More females (30) than males (26) were diagnosed positive for MetS. LAP values were found to be higher in MetS cases, its efficacy was confirmed by ROC curves. MetS was diagnosed in volunteers who were considering themselves as healthy. Raised LAP and LAP2 were found, in MetS positive subjects than MetS negative. Relation of LAP and MetS came to be strong. Further, researches in this area are definitely recommended.
Rauwolfia tetraphylla mediated synthesis of herbal nano powders by ball milling and GC-MS analysis, evaluation of their antimicrobial activity
Authors: Vasa Padmaja  , Gorrepati Rosaiah  , Kakumanu Babu
Published: April 2021

Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of biological applications of nanoparticles is of immense importance in recent years in the field of Nanotechnology. Due to increasing demand of nanoparticle synthesis from medicinal plants now a days, in the present study, it is aimed to produce bio compatible, non-toxic, homogenous nanopowders by Ball milling, one of the top-down approaches from root, stem and leaf of Rauwolfia tetraphylla, an important medicinal plant of Apocynaceae. Rauwolfia tetraphylla L., an endangered species, is rich in various phytochemicals and often used as a substitute of Rauwolfia serpentina and therefore aimed to produce nanopowders from different parts of this plant. These biosynthesized nanopowders were characterized by UV-Visible Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-Ray Diffraction and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Further bioactive components of root, stem and leaf nanopowders were analysed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS), and different compounds were identified by comparison of GC-MS spectrum with library searches. Methanolic root, stem and leaf nanopowders were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activity. Antibacterial activity was assessed against human pathogenic bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Vibrio cholerae, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Vibrio parahemolyticus. Human pathogenic fungi Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Mucor hiemalis were selected for evaluating antifungal activity. The present study confirms the good antibacterial and antifungal activity of Rauwolfia tetraphylla synthesized nanopowders. As GC-MS analysis revealed different phytoconstituents, other pharmacological activities need to be evaluated.
Randomized controlled clinical trial to study the efficacy of Priyangvaadi Gana Siddha tail in the management of Parikartika w.s.r. to fissure-in-ano-An Ayurvedic management protocol
Authors: Sudheer Kumar Patle  , Alok Kumar Diwedi  , Harjodh Singh  , Rakesh Khatana
Published: April 2021

Sushruta explained about Guda-Roga, i.e. Ano Rectal Disease in Shalya Tantra. It includes no. of disease out of them one is Parikartika," i.e. Fissure – in – Ano. Lifestyle diseases are mainly caused by improper work pattern, stressful life, improper diet intake and improper sleep habits. These causative factors produce indigestion which leads to various lifestyle disorders, specially anorectal disorders like piles, fissure in ano, fistula in ano etc., constitute a significant group. Priyangvaadi Gana siddha tail in the management of Parikartika. The present study is designed as a Randomized, single-blind parallel in which 60 patients will be enrolled. Priyangvaadi Gana Siddha Taila Pichu and Yastimadhu tail Pichu will be given for basti twice a day. Assessment will be done 0th, 7th day, 14thday, and 28th day. The changes are expected to be observed in subjective parameters such as pain bleeding per rectum with itching as well as with objective parameters such as Parikartika Healing.  The study is expecting the nonsurgical management of fissure in ano with respect to the impact of Priyangvaadi Gana Siddha tail pichu and Yastimadhu tail Pichu. The research is expecting to be a baseline and benchmark of the prospective studies in Acute Fissure in ano (Parikartika).
Comparison between conventional dosing versus personalized pharmacokinetic dosing of vancomycin: a pilot study from a Malaysian private hospital
Authors: Tsuey Li Yong  , Chee Ping Chong
Published: April 2021

Pharmacist led vancomycin dosing is not a common practice in private hospital settings of the Malaysian healthcare system. The lack of this pharmacist led system has led to conventional vancomycin dosing without considering the differences in patients pharmacokinetic parameters. This study aims to compare the differences in vancomycin doses between conventional dosing and pharmacist-led personalized pharmacokinetic dosing. A retrospective pilot study was conducted on inpatient adults who were prescribed with intravenous vancomycin in a private hospital. Personalized vancomycin doses were retrospectively calculated by using the pharmacokinetic parameters and was then compared with the actual conventional doses used in the patients. The area under concentration curve over 24 hours/minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC24/MIC) ratio achieved by the doses was also compared. The targeted AUC24/MIC ratio was 400-600 to ensure efficacy and safety of the therapy. A total of 24 patients with a median age of 55.50 years were conveniently sampled. The patients were mostly male (58.3%) and were admitted to the neurosurgical ward (33.3%). Vancomycin was mainly prescribed as empirical treatment (58.3%) for a median treatment period of 5.00 days (IQR 4.00 – 7.00 days). The conventional doses had significant (p < 0.001) lower median total daily dose (2000 mg versus 2500 mg) and lower AUC24/MIC ratio (385 versus 495) as compared to personalized doses. In conclusion, the personalized pharmacokinetic dosing method was significantly more able to achieve the targeted AUC24/MIC ratio. Vancomycin personalized dosing should be considered in the Malaysian private hospital setting.
Сognitive Style Differences in Detection and Discrimination of Sensory Signals
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Gusev A. N. , Volkova N. N. ,   Sberbank
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the study was to test individual differences in sensory sensitivity while performing signal detection and signal discrimination tasks. A total of 98 subjects performed two cognitive style tests on flexibility and rigidity of cognitive control, and focusing and scanning control, as well as two psychophysical tasks on visual signal detection (“yes/no” method) and loudness discrimination (“same/different”), each including two difficulty levels. Task type and difficulty level were considered as stimulation factors, and cognitive styles were considered as individual differences factors. The effects of both cognitive styles along with the effect of their interaction were revealed. ‘Flexible’ subjects and ‘scanners’ showed higher sensitivity in signal detection compared to ‘rigid’ subjects and ‘focusers’, respectively. Whereas no between-group differences were found in the accuracy of signal discrimination. Thus, we revealed individual differences in sensitivity, driven by cognitive style characteristics on the one hand, and task type on the other.
Demographic and Household Characteristics Related to Childhood Obesity in Public Elementary Schools in Penjaringan
Authors: Christiani Yoseveline , Irawan Robi , Astiarani Yunisa
Published: April 2021

Indonesia is experiencing the rise of childhood obesity prevalence, and the majority profound in low socioeconomic areas, which may aggravate the harmful impacts on the children's growth and health. This study was conducted to find significant factors of childhood obesity in low socioeconomic areas. A cross-sectional study design was carried out at two public elementary schools in Penjaringan subdistrict, North Jakarta. All students in both schools participated in the study and were selected based on inclusion criteria. A total of 731 students (grades 1 to 6) were eligible. The nutritional status was assessed by trained staff by calculating the Body Mass Index (BMI) for age and classifying the outcome based on the WHO z-scores chart. Parents filled a demographic and socioeconomic questionnaire to collect children's birthdate, parents' educational level, employment status, income, and health insurance. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association. The prevalence of obesity among students was 13.41%. The regression showed that male and younger students were likely to be obese. The students whose mothers were in secondary level of education, have an unemployed father, or in the low-income family (p<0.05) were more likely to be obese. The study shows that male and younger students were associated with childhood obesity. Besides, educated mothers, unemployed fathers, and families with low income tend to have obese children. The school needs to have a specific program for male and younger age students to increase healthy habits. Nutrition assessment, recommendation, and parents' involvement in school-based health programs need to be enhanced.
Primary Dysmenorrhea Risk based on Characteristics, Dietary Habits, and Types of Exercise
Authors: Fitrianingsih Asti Dewi Rahayu , Santanu Ayu Mutiara
Published: April 2021

The young woman’s frequent complaint related to reproduction health is dysmenorrhea. The incidence of primary dysmenorrhea is affected by various factors. The purpose of the study was to examine the factors affecting primary dysmenorrhea, including characteristics, dietary habits, and types of exercise. The research was quantitative research employing correlational analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The samples of the study were 97 female college students of The Faculty of Sports and Health Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. The sampling technique used was the Consecutive Sampling technique. There were two variables related to the primary dysmenorrhea, including breakfast habits (OR: 0,007; p:0,004) and positive family history (OR: 1,14; p:0,001). Meanwhile, BMI (OR: 3,1; p:0,317), fiber consumption habits (OR: 0,129; p:0,076), types of snack (OR: 0,14; p:0,083), types of exercise (OR: 27,4; p:0,074), and the interaction of fiber consumption and breakfast habit (OR: 0,129; p:0,076) were confounding variables. Of all variables, the breakfast habit was the most affecting variable (B:5,35). By considering the negative impacts of dysmenorrhea, they should start taking breakfast every day, especially for those who have family members with primary dysmenorrhea history.
Dynamic resistance measurements in a GdBCO-coated conductor
Authors: Jiang Zhenan , Toyomoto R , Amemiya N , Bumby Christopher , Badcock Rodney , Long Nicholas
Published: April 2021

Dynamic resistance is a phenomenon which occurs when a superconducting wire carries dc transport current whilst experiencing an alternating magnetic field. This situation occurs in a range of HTS machinery applications, where dynamic resistance can lead to large parasitic heat loads and potential quench events. Here, we present dynamic resistance measurements of a 5-mm-wide Fujikura coated conductor wire at 77 K. We report experimental values obtain through varying the field angle (the angle between magnetic field and normal vector of the conductor wide-face), the dc current levels, and the magnetic field amplitude, and frequency. We show that the dynamic resistance in perpendicular magnetic field can be predicted by using a simple analytical equation. We also show that across the range of field angles measured here the dynamic resistance is dominated by the perpendicular component of the applied magnetic field.

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AC loss simulation in a HTS 3-Phase 1 MVA transformer using H formulation
Authors: Song W , Jiang Zhenan , Zhang X , Staines M , Badcock Rodney , Fang J , Sogabe Y , Amemiya N
Published: April 2021

One of critical issues for HTS transformers is achieving sufficiently low AC loss in the windings. Therefore, accurate prediction of AC loss is critical for the HTS transformer applications. In this work, we present AC loss simulation results employing the H-formulation for a 1 MVA 3-Phase HTS transformer. The high voltage (HV) windings are composed of 24 double pancakes per phase wound with 4 mm – wide YBCO wire. Each double pancake coil has 38 ¼ turns. The low voltage (LV) windings are 20 turn single-layer solenoid windings wound with 15/5 (15 strands of 5 mm width) Roebel cable per phase. The numerical method was first verified by comparing the numerical and experimental AC loss results for two coil assemblies composed of two and six double pancake coils (DPCs). The numerical AC loss calculated for the transformer was compared with the measured AC loss as well as the numerical result obtained using the minimum magnetic energy variation (MMEV) method. The numerical AC loss result in this work and experimental result as well as the numerical result using MMEV at the rated current agree to within 20%. Further simulations were carried out to explore the dependence of the AC loss on the gap between the turns of the LV winding. The minimum AC loss at rated current in the 1 MVA HTS transformer appears when the gap between turns is approximately 2.1 mm turn gap in the LV winding. This is due to the change of relative heights between the HV and LV windings which results in optimal radial magnetic field cancellation. The same numerical method can be applied to calculate AC loss in larger rating HTS transformers.

© This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
A Conceptual Paper on Corporate Social Responsibility among Malaysian Entrepreneurs
Authors: Tengku Anis Syafiqah Tengku Jasmi  , Nazlina Zakaria  , Lily Julienti Abu Bakar
Published: April 2021

Conflicting views on corporate social responsibility have led to various studies on CSR. However, the previous studies focused mainly on large firms rather than small and medium entrepreneurs. It is important to study corporate social responsibility in the context of small and medium enterprises. This is because any initiatives taken by small and medium enterprises can affect society and the economy due their large contributions. Therefore, this paper provides a view on corporate social responsibility among Malaysian entrepreneurs, mainly small and medium enterprises.
Assessment of Sustainable Development in Apparel Value Chains
Authors: Zikria Hina Maryam Binte , Irfan Muniza , Umar Farhat
Published: April 2021

Inspired by the United Nation’s Sustainability Development goals for responsible consumption and production, this final year two-student team thesis was conducted across six convenience sampled textiles and apparels companies in Karachi, Pakistan, as exploratory research. Interviews of purposively sampled personnel from these companies were assessed on their awareness on sustainability and the initiatives taken to develop infrastructures in alignment with green value chain standards and sustainable product. The instrument used is an unstructured questionnaire developed by the student researchers from adopted aspects of the Global Reporting Initiative standards. The use of thematic analysis and Greening Goliaths vs Emerging Davids Sustainability Matrix was further essential in this study’s potential in proposing green marketing strategy (GMS) to the Ministry of Textile Industry, and the All Pakistan Textile Mills Association. The study brought to light the detriments to market penetration of sustainable textiles and apparels in Pakistan, namely the economy, and consumer behavior. Conclusively, the student researchers found that the textiles industry in Pakistan was well developed along global sustainable goals but demand for sustainable apparel stemmed from developed nations owing to their consumer’s awareness on the implications of inorganic derived apparels on the environment.
Mediating Role of Training in Enhancing Awareness of SDGs, Economic, Environmental and Social Performance
Authors: Dar Madiha Shafique , Bano Safia , Ahmed Jameel
Published: April 2021

This paper aims to identify how awareness of SDGs affects sustainable performance and how training can assist to enhance the economic, environmental, and social performance of employees. The research study is conducted in a public sector institute with a population of 331 employees. Among 269 respondents participated in the survey. The data is analyzed using SPSS and Smart PLS. The result showed a significant relationship among the variables. The awareness of SDGs proved to be positively related to the social, economic, and environmental performance of the employees. Moreover, training also positively mediates the relationship between SDGs awareness and sustainable performance. The paper promotes public institutions to contribute their utmost efforts in achieving SDGs and create learning development experiences that assist employees to preserve cutting-edge knowledge and perform at their best.
Determinants of Liquidity Considering Role of Market Competition; Evidence from Pakistan’s Banking Sector
Authors: Rafique Amir , Adeel Muhammad , Akhtar Kalsoom , Alvi Muhammad Amir
Published: April 2021

Current study empirically analyzes bank specific factors and macroeconomic factors that determine the liquidity reserves of banks functioning in Pakistan. To highlight the association, current study performed random effects estimates on a data set of 20 banks from 2006 to 2016.  Bank specific factors include bank size, capital and credit Risk. GDP and Inflation are the macroeconomic factors that were considered. Market competition has been measured through HHI. Based on panel data analysis, current study suggests that bank specific factors (except capital), macroeconomic factors and market competition significantly affect liquidity reserves of banks in Pakistan. These factors include bank size, credit risk, market competition, GDP and inflation. In addition, bank size, credit risk, GDP and Inflation revealed a negative effect on bank liquidity. On the other hand, market competition revealed a positive effect on bank liquidity. Capital showed an insignificant effect on bank liquidity.
Epidemiologic Evidence for Association between a High Dietary Acid Load and the Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: Ronco Alvaro L. , Martínez-López Wilner , Mendoza Beatriz , Calderón Juan M.
Published: April 2021

Background and Purpose: Dietary acid load contributes to metabolic acidosis, leading to inﬂammation and cell transformation, potentially implicated in cancer development. Albeit an increased risk of recurrence among BC survivors was reported for a high acid load, the epidemiologic evidence associating diet-dependent acid load and cancer risk, particularly for breast cancer (BC), is still very limited. Therefore, we have explored in the present study its role in BC risk. Methods: A case-control study was performed on 1461 patients (572 BC cases and 889 age-frequency matched controls), through a multi-topic questionnaire, which included a food frequency questionnaire. Food-derived nutrients were calculated from available databases. The dietary acid load was calculated based on existing measures as potential renal acid load (PRAL) score and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) score. Odds Ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated by logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: We found direct associations between dietary acid load and BC risk. Both scores were significantly associated (OR=2.46 and OR=1.78 for highest PRAL and NEAP, respectively). A positive BC family history involved higher risks (OR=6.14 and OR=3.38 for highest PRAL and NEAP, respectively). Linear trends were found in all overall and stratified analyses. Conclusions: Results suggest that a low acid load dietary style may reduce BC risk since both PRAL and NEAP scores were directly associated with meat intake and inversely associated with plant-based foods intake. The findings agree with studies focused on food groups and dietary patterns. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0302-8 Full Text: PDF
Cutaneous Adverse Events of Targeted Therapies and Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients with Melanoma
Authors: Pimenta Rita , Costa-Rosa Joaninha , Cravo Mariana , Rafael Margarida , Moura Cecília
Published: April 2021

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have markedly improved prognosis of advanced melanoma patients. With expanded use of these drugs, a range of cutaneous adverse events has emerged. Although the vast majority of adverse events are low-grade, they many cause significant morbidity and can affect patients' quality of life. Early diagnosis and prompt intervention may prevent unnecessary discontinuation of life-saving anticancer therapies. In this article, we review the cutaneous adverse events of small molecules and monoclonal antibodies used for the therapy of melanoma and discuss their pathophysiology and recommendations for prevention and management of these adverse events.
Assessment of the Quality of Life of African Black Children with Atopic Dermatitis by the CDLQI Score
Authors: Kouassi Yao Isidore , Ahogo K. C. , Bia O. F. , Kouassi K. A. , Kourouma H. S. , Allou A. S. , Gbandama K. P. , Kassi K. , Ecra E. J. , Kaloga M. , Gbery I. P. , Kouamé K. , Sangaré A.
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects both children and adults. The main symptom is pruritus, which has an important impact on quality of life (QoL). The objective of our study was to assess the impact of AD on the quality of life of children through the CDLQI score.

Population and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey, with descriptive and analytical aims, carried out on the basis of prospective recruitment, carried out over a period of 7 months from December 2017 to June 2018. The study included children (5-16 years) with AD selected during dermatology consultations at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire of Treichville. Data collected included the socio-demographic characteristics of patients and their AD and the results of a questionnaire on the severity score (SCORAD) and the quality of life index in these children (CDLQI).

Results: We included 60 children, mainly within the group from 05 to 09 years (57%). CDLQI average score was 9.9 and mean SCORAD 24. Pruritus, insomnia and sadness had more impact on QoL. We found a strong association between the severity of AD objectified by SCORAD and the CDLQI.

Conclusion: The study reveals a high impact of AD on the QoL of children in Abidjan mainly through pruritus, insomnia and sadness. It opens up reflection on the need for education for AD management and the prospect of creating an atopy school in Côte d’Ivoire.
Effect of the Confinement Imposed By Covid-19 on Algerians Physical Activity Through Lens оf Gender
Authors: Abdelatif Houar , Abdelhadi Kacem , Mohamed Zerf , Ali Bengoua
Published: April 2021

Background. To estimate the level of PA before and during quarantine, in both sexes, according to four categories (vigorous, moderate, walking and sitting) and to provide suggestions to reduce the negative effects of the latter (quarantine) on the health of the Algerian population. Methods. A sample of 1210 of Algerian males and females, age around 18 to 60 years old have been taken a part in this study: males: 991–81,9 %, females: 219–18,1 %. Interviewed by IPAQ (short form) to estimate the impact of confinement on Algerians gender lifestyle physical activity. Results. We confirmed that sitting long hours was the main problem for two sexes. As well as males are more active than females in all comparisons practiced. Conclusion. Confinement is a fundamental safety step to avoid the spreading of Covid-19. Whereas some guidelines for avoiding prolongation are requested to reduce inactivity and sedentary lifestyle, especially for our females. Support by health and exercise videos broadcast by national television in order to improve physical activity and routinely exercising in a safe home environment. Support in this study, as an important governmental policy, helps their citizens for healthy living during the corona virus crisis. Admitted as guidelines for our females, permitting them to maintain their physical function and mental health during this critical period.
Determination of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Gene Mutations in Patients at Risk of Breast and/or Ovarian Cancer by Next Generation Sequencing in the Isparta Region
Authors: TEPEBAŞI Muhammet Yusuf , HEKİMLER ÖZTÜRK Kuyaş , ÖZBAŞ Halil , ASLAN KOSAR Pinar
Published: April 2021

and/or ovarian cancers. BRCA1 / BRCA2 genes are associated with 20-25% of these diseases. The spectrum and prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations are different in each population. Determining the prevalence of pathogenic mutations in susceptibility genes and identifying new mutations are important for developing national health policies. In this retrospective study, mutations in the BRCA1 / 2 genes of patients who applied to Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine Medical Genetics Clinic between 2018-2020 with the suspicion of breast / or ovarian cancer in the Isparta region were investigated. Material and Methods: In our study, BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutation analyzes were performed by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) method in 76 patients who applied to the Medical Genetics Clinic with the indication of breast cancer, breast mass, family history, and ovarian cancer. Results: As a result of our data analysis, 4 pathogenic, 1 likely pathogenic, 5 variants of unknown significance (VUS), and 11 benign variants were detected in the BRCA1 gene. Also, 3 pathogenic, 3 VUS, 11 benign, and 1 new variant were detected in the BRCA2 gene. Conclusion: We believe that the results of our study will contribute to the determination of the prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations and the detection of breast and/or ovarian cancer.
A Comparison Between Modified Radical Mastectomy and Breast-Conserving Surgery Concerning the Quality of Life in Patients with Breast Cancer Under 50 Years of Age
Authors: ELMAS Özlem , KARADENİZ ÇAKMAK Güldeniz , BAKKAL Bekir Hakan
Published: April 2021

surgery (BCS) to those having undergone modified radical mastectomy (MRM). Material and Methods: Forty-four BCS and 27 MRM patients have been included in this retrospective study. All patients have completed adjuvant chemotherapies and radiation therapies. MRM patients who received breast reconstruction surgery afterwards, patients who experienced local or distant organ relapse, or patients over fifty years old have been excluded. Each patient’s quality of life has been evaluated using the Short Form 36 (SF-36), 6 months after the completion of their treatment. Results: Between BCS and MRM groups, no significant difference of age, height, weight and body mass index was observed. While the BCS group yielded better results from the SF-36 subscales, i.e. physical functioning, physical role functioning, emotional role functioning, social role functioning, bodily pain, and general health perceptions, the only measures illustrating a significant difference were vitality and mental health, in comparison of BCS with MRM group (p= 0.043 and p= 0.023, respectively). Conclusion: In the treatment of breast cancer, enhancing patients’ quality of life is just as essential as improving survivals. Our research demonstrates higher quality of life in BCS patients, highlighting the statistical difference of the vitality and mental health subscales of the SF-36, compared with the MRM group.
Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde Çevrimiçi Oyun Bağımlılığının Stres, Anksiyete, Depresyon ve Başarı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: KAYMAK Ezgi Hazal , BİRGİN Fatma Nur , TEKELİ Gizem , KÜT Gökçe , AKGÜN Hale , BAKLA Hasan , ÖNCEL Hatice Sümeyye , BÜYÜKUYSAL Mustafa Çağatay
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Oyun bağımlılığı, bilgisayar ve video oyunlarının sosyal ve/veya duygusal problemler doğuran
aşırı ve problemli kullanımı olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bağımlılar bilgisayar ve video oyunları için daha
fazla zaman yaratmak adına derslerini, uykularını, beslenmelerini, hobilerini ve sosyal hayatlarını
ihmal etmektedir. ICD-11 listesinde de giren bu hastalık, teknolojinin de ilerlemesiyle çağın en
yaygın hastalıklarından biri hâline gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada çevrimiçi oyun oynamanın tıp fakültesi
öğrencilerinde stres, anksiyete, depresyon ve başarı puanlarının nasıl etkilendiği incelenmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dönem 1, 2 ve 3
öğrencilerinden toplam 234 kişiye depresyon anksiyete stres ölçeği, internet bağımlılığı ölçeği ve
oyun motivasyon ölçekleri uygulanmıştır. Ölçek puanlarının normal dağılıma uygunluğu Shapiro Wilk
testi ile incelenmiştir. Bağımsız grup karşılaştırmalarında Mann Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testleri
kullanılmıştır. Sürekli değişkenler arası ilişkiler Spearman korelasyon katsayıları ile incelenmiştir.
Öğrencilerin demografik özellikleri ve günlük alışkanlıklarının; ölçeklerden elde edilen puanlarla ve
başarılarıyla ilişkileri değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Erkek ve kadın öğrenciler arasında anksiyete, stres ve depresyon ve internet bağımlılığı
bakımından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık yok iken oyun bağımlılığı erkeklerde daha fazla
bulunmuştur. Oyun bağımlığı ile beraber oyun bağımlılığını alt boyutları içsel motivasyon, bütünleşme,
kimlik katma, içe yansıtma, dışsal düzenleme ve motivasyonsuzluk da erkeklerde kadınlara göre anlamlı
derecede yüksek çıkmıştır.
Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçlarına göre çevrimiçi oyun bağımlılığının kadın öğrencilere oranla erkeklerde
daha fazla olduğu ve söz konusu bağımlılığın başarıyı olumsuz etkilediği görülmüştür. Bununla beraber
hem kadın hem erkek öğrencilerde oyun bağımlılığı arttıkça beraberinde öğrencilerin depresyon, stres
ve anksiyete puanlarının da arttığı görülmektedir.
Epidemiyolojide Gözlemsel Çalışmaların Raporlanması: STROBE Kriterlerinin Türkçe Uyarlaması
Authors: BABAOĞLU Asya Banu , TEKİNDAL Melike , BÜYÜKUYSAL Mustafa Çağatay , TÖZÜN Mustafa , ELMALI Ferhan , BAYRAKTAROĞLU Taner , TEKİNDAL Mustafa Agah
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Sağlık çalışmalarında gözlemsel araştırmalar, yaygın olarak kullanılan yöntemler arasında yer
almakta olup, esas olarak kohort, vaka-kontrol ve kesitsel çalışmalar olarak gruplandırılırlar. Gözlemsel
çalışmaların nasıl yürütülmesi gerektiğine dair esaslar 1965’li yıllarda tanımlanmış olsa da, günümüzde
mevcut gözlemsel çalışmalar göz önüne alındığında, bunların raporlamasında yetersizliklerin olduğu
görülmüştür. Bu nedenle gözlemsel çalışmaların raporlanmasına bir standart getirilmesi amacıyla, 2007
yılında bilimsel çalışma grupları tarafından “Epidemiyolojide Gözlemsel Çalışmaların Raporlanmasının
Güçlendirilmesi Beyanı (STROBE)” geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışma, STROBE kriterlerinin Türk diline
kazandırılması, araştırmacılar tarafından daha anlaşılır bir hâle getirilmesi ve sağlık alanında yapılacak
gözlemsel çalışmaların raporlamasının güçlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: STROBE kriterleri dört araştırmacı tarafından bağımsız şekilde Türkçe’ye
tercüme edilmiştir. Dört farklı çeviri ile ortaya çıkan metin tüm yazarların bir araya geldiği toplantı
ile değerlendirilmiş ve her madde için en uygun ifadenin hangisi olacağı konusunda görüş birliği
sağlanmıştır. Ardından uzman çevirmen tarafından ters çeviri işlemi yapılmış ve kriterlerin uygunluğu
değerlendirilmiştir. Türkçeleştirilmiş STROBE kontrol listesinin tekrarlanabilirliğini değerlendirmek ve
araştırmacılar tarafından doğru anlaşılıp anlaşılmadığını anlamak için sağlık alanından seçilen 20
makale, iki araştırmacı tarafından bağımsız olarak puanlama yapılarak (1=madde sağlanmakta, 0=madde
sağlanmamakta) değerlendirilmiştir. Puanlayıcılar arasındaki uyum her bir kriter için araştırmacılar arası
uyum yüzdesi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Uyum ayrıca toplam raporlanan kriter sayısı kullanılarak Bland-
Altman yöntemi ve sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı (SKK) kullanılarak da değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Analizler sonucu hesaplanan SKK 0,351-0,890 arasındaydı. Puanlayıcılar arası uyum
istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı. İncelenen 20 makalenin STROBE kriterlerine uygunluğu düşüktü.
Sonuç: Türkçe’ye uyarlanmış STROBE Beyanı, kesitsel araştırmaların raporlanmasında kullanılabilecek
güvenilir bir araçtır.
EVALUACIÓN DE ADAPTABILIDAD FAMILIAR Y DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2 EN EL ADULTO MAYOR.
Authors: Vásquez-Illescas Jorge , Zhuzhingo-Vásquez Carlos
Published: April 2021

El estudio de adaptabilidad familiar en pacientes adultos mayores con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 busca establecer la relación existente entre estas variables dentro del proceso salud enfermedad. Mediante el estudio analítico, transversal y correlacional se evaluó el control de la diabetes mediante cuantificación de Hba1c y la adaptabilidad familiar medida a través de una de las dimensiones que se obtiene mediante las preguntas impares del Test FACES III que está conformado por el control, disciplina, los roles y reglas establecidas en la familia. No adaptabilidad familiar que define a familias caóticas y flexibles; con la cual se obtiene que el 73,9% de los pacientes (Chi2 calculado de 30.669, valor de p < 0,05 (0,000000)) miembros de estas familias no alcanzan la meta de Hba1c por lo tanto no controlan la Diabetes. Adultos mayores con No adaptabilidad familiar tienen 16 veces mayor probabilidad de no controlar su enfermedad.
 
Abstract
The study of familiar adaptability in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus seeks to establish the relationship between these variables within the health disease process. Through the analytical, crosssectional and correlational study, the control of diabetes is evaluated through the quantification of Hba1c and the family adaptability measured through one of the dimensions obtained by the odd questions of the FACES III Test, which is made up of the control, discipline, functions and rules established in the family. Non-family adaptability that defines chaotic and flexible families is created; with which 73.9% of the patients were achieved
(calculated Chi2 of 30,669, value of p <0.05 (0.000000)) members of these families do not reach the goal of Hba1c therefore they do not control Diabetes. Older adults do not have family adaptability are 16 times more likely not to control their disease.
DEMENCIA: EXPERIENCIA EN CUIDADORES PRIMARIOS DE ADULTOS MAYORES.
Authors: Chávez-Rodríguez Alejandro , Mireles-Hernández María
Published: April 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio fue, analizar la experiencia del cuidador primario de adultos mayores con demencia, mediante una metodología cualitativa. Se utilizó el método de aproximación fenomenológico para una descripción y entendimiento de la realidad, y al mismo tiempo el método de estudio de caso, con el propósito de determinar las diferentes características del cuidador y realizar un análisis de las experiencias identificadas.  La técnica empleada para la recolección de datos fue la entrevista en profundidad, para posteriormente realizar un análisis de contenido. Dentro de los resultados se obtuvo, que la tarea del cuidador sigue siendo una tarea socialmente impuesta al género femenino. Las cuales se enfrentan con el desconocimiento de la enfermedad, por lo cual, la experiencia de los cuidadores en relación a los cuidados que debe brindar a esta población ha sido de manera autónoma conforme la evolución del padecimiento, enfrentándose a una modificación de su estilo de vida, dando como consecuencia repercusiones en el área física, psicológica y social, afectando directamente su calidad de vida.

 

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to analyze the experience of the primary caregiver of elderly people with dementia, using a qualitative methodology. The method of phenomenological approach was used for a description and understanding of reality, and at the same time the method of case study, in order to determine the different characteristics of the caregiver and perform an analysis of the identified experiences. The technique used for the data collection was the in-depth interview, to later perform a content analysis. Within the results it was obtained that the caregiver's task remains a socially imposed task for the female gender. Which are faced with the ignorance of the disease, therefore, the experience of the caregivers in relation to the care that should be provided to this population has been independently according to the evolution of the disease, facing a modification of their style of life, resulting in repercussions in the physical, psychological and social area, directly affecting their quality of life
Influencia de los Factores Psicosociales en la conducta impulsiva de los adolescentes (Recibido en septiembre 2019, acepta
Authors: Cordero-Zambrano Tannia
Published: April 2021

La impulsividad es un factor predominante en la conducta de los adolescentes. El objetivo principal del estudio fue determinar los factores psicosociales que inciden en la conducta impulsiva de los participantes. El diseño de la investigación fue de tipo cuantitativo, transversal, descriptivo y correlacional. La muestra estuvo conformada por 214 participantes de 13, 14 años donde el 49,3 % es de sexo masculino y el 56,1 % femenino. Para determinar los factores psicosociales se utilizó el cuestionario de “Riesgo psicosocial para la conducta impulsiva en adolescentes” adaptado al contexto, que mide los factores genético-biológico, personal, socio-familiar y social-escolar y para identificar los tipos de impulsividad se utilizó la “Escala de impulsividad de Barratt” (BIS-11) que mide tres tipos de impulsividad; motora, cognitiva y no planeada validada en el contexto. Los resultados evidenciaron que el factor personal ha incidido en el 59,8 % generando la conducta impulsiva en los adolescentes, seguido del factor socio-familiar con 58,6 %, factor social-escolar 57,4 % y el factor genético-biológico con el 51,7%. Por otro lado, el 54,8 % tuvo la impulsividad no planeada, el 53,3 % impulsividad cognitiva y el 52,8 % impulsividad motora. Al correlacionar los resultados se encontró una relación significativa entre los factores psicosociales y la conducta impulsiva en los adolescentes. (r=1, -,051); (r=-,051,1). Se puede concluir, que el factor psicosocial personal, seguido del socio-familiar, social-escolar y genético-biológico, influyen significativamente en la conducta impulsiva no planeada, cognitiva y motora.
Determinants of Postpartum Depression In Rural Area, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Estiningtyas  , Anindhita Yudha Cahyaningtyas
Published: April 2021

Postpartum Depression (PPD) is a severe complication of labour result in an adverse effect on maternal and neonatal health. Nevertheless, the factors associated with postpartum depression are very rarely examined during postpartum care. This study aimed to discover the determinants of postpartum depression among mothers in a rural area, Central Java, Indonesia. The design of the study was observational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The setting of the study was in Sukoharjo Regency. Participants of the study were 160 mothers, ages 20-35 years old, during 0-8 weeks of postpartum that were taken using a purposive sampling technique. The participants were given two questionnaires: (1) questionnaire on the socio-demographic; and (2) the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) questionnaire. The questionnaires were distributed to mothers’ at their houses by the interviewers. The result findings shows that the determinants of postpartum depression are occupations (p=0.012), husband support (p=0.010), family support (p=0.027), social support (p=0.025), pregnancy planning (p=0.025), monthly income (p=0.021). PPD is not associated with age (p=0.417), parity (p=0.977), and level of education (p=0.892). Key conclusion: maternal mental health services need to be addressed in the management of the risk factors to prevent the occurrence of postpartum depression.

 

 

Keywords: husband support, family support, social support, postpartum depression symptoms