bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El despertar de la conciencia a través del espejo en algunos textos de literatura infantil y juvenil
Authors: Villar Secanella Eva María
Published: November 2017

Este trabajo parte del concepto de que los textos literarios reconstruyen un escenario ficcional en el que se representa y reactualiza una memoria colectiva que es reflejo, también cooperante, en la producción de los cambios sociales y el imaginario de una sociedad, e influyen en la enculturación y formación de la construcción de la identidad de sus lectores. Tomando como espacio de estudio la cultura española de finales del siglo XX y centrado el análisis en tres textos pertinentes a la literatura infantil y juvenil donde la niña ficcional cumple una función protagónica: Veva y el Mar, Caperucita en Manhattan y Bella y Oscura, se busca descubrir, a través de la memoria literaria, los procesos de cambio que se produjeron en nuestro imaginario colectivo; la convivencia de antiguas y nuevas relaciones que el texto establecía con su lector y las identidades que se pretendieron formar a través de la literatura juvenil difundida por la sociedad. This essay is based upon the concept that literary texts build a fictional scenario where the collective memory is represented and actualized. The collective memory is a reflection as well as cooperating agent in the production of social changes where literary texts influence the reader’s processes of enculturation and construction of identity. The study is framed in the late 20th century and it is focussed on the analysis of Children and Young literature where the fictional girl is the main character: Veva y el Mar, Caperucita en Manhattan y Bella y Oscura. The essay aims at defining the processes of change that took place in the collective imaginary through the analysis of the literary memory as well as the coexistence of old and new relationships that the texts establishes with its interpreters and the identities which were moulded by the literature of that time.
La humilde sabiduría
Authors: García Alfonso
Published: November 2017

La humilde sabiduría
El diario como cuaderno de silencios
Authors: Trabado Cabado José Manuel
Published: November 2017

El diario como cuaderno de silencios
Tres edades en el siglo XXI
Authors: Merino José María
Published: November 2017

Tres edades en el siglo XXI
Representaciones nihilistas del pensamiento de Nagarjuna
Authors: Jurado Pérez Francisco José
Published: November 2017

El artículo se configura a través del análisis de los los vínculos entre el pensador budista Nagarjuna y representaciones discursivas nihilistas para poner de manifiesto el modo en el que estas relaciones analógicas constituyen una construcción de sentido para la comprensión del pensamiento oriental desde occidente.The aim of this paper is to show links between the Buddhist philosopher Nagarjuna and discursive representations of nihilism to highlight the mode in which these analog relations are a way to understand the oriental philosophy from the occidental society.
Palmar ÁLVAREZ-BLANCO y Antonio GÓMEZ L.-QUIÑONES, coords., "La imaginación hipotecada. Aportaciones al debate sobre la precariedad del presente"
Authors: Tortosa Virgilio
Published: November 2017

Un mundo emergido tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial alcanzó en Occidente altas cotas de desarrollo con eso que llamó Estado de Bienestar, pero la imposición de doctrinas neoliberales en lo que no pocos historiadores denominan la tercera oleada del capitalismo tuvo desde los ochenta en la especulación financiera su mejor aval. Los desmanes producidos en la realidad desembocan en una burbuja especulativa, de apenas precedentes, con la Gran Recesión, a partir de 2008, teniendo como protagonistas a amplias capas sociales vulnerables (desempleo, pobreza) y generando la realidad bolsas de miseria que dan lugar a un nuevo fenómeno social llamado ‘precariado’ en todos los órdenes de la realidad, desde el político-económico, laboral, epistemológico, histórico, ecológico hasta cultural, tiñendo a cuantas formas conforman la nueva realidad. Frente al consumismo que ha dado lugar a una alteración del mundo como hoy lo conocemos, una serie de investigadores convergen en las más diversas disciplinas de la realidad para dar cuenta del fenómeno y criticar lo ocurrido. El decrecimiento y el equilibrio medioambiental parecen la única forma de reconducir la situación. Entretanto, una serie de formas discursivas ficticias (narrativa, poesía, teatro, audiovisuales) ‒alternativas a lo estatuido‒ parecen dar cuenta a su manera de este nuevo tiempo precario en el que nos hallamos.
The Variation of Javanese Islamic Society in the Existence of Paranormal
Authors: Huda M Dimyati
Published: November 2017

Before some great religions come to Indonesia, there are some religion assured such as animism, dynamism. It trusted by Javanese until now. So that, they come to the paranormal to solve their problems. That ability is opposite with the syariat of Islam. Based on it, the most important problem should be investigated is the society of Islam who come to the paranormal, their belief that this is part of Javanese Islamic society in solving the problem and changing social life. The purpose of this study is to analyze variance Javanese Islamic society in its alteration and development in existence of Paranormal in traditional and modern life. This study was done in Sumberingin, Sanankulon, Blitar, East Java. The object of this study is to Paranormal ability. The Islamic society life is influenced by the traditional Java belief taught by their great-grandparents so that the myth of the invisible power of human can influence social life. There are three kinds of religion variation such as Islam Abangan and Islam Santri, yet Santri divided into young generation and old generation that in this study categories into Modern Santri and Traditional Santri
PENGARUH CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN LINGKUNGAN PERUSAHAAN BERSERTIFIKASI ISO-14001 DI INDONESIA
Authors: Supatminingsih Sri , Wicaksono Monot
Published: November 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh corporate governance terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan pada perusahaan   yang   terdaftar   di   Bursa  Efek  Indonesia. Struktur corporate governance     dalam  penelitian  ini  direpresentasikan oleh  Dewan  Komisaris (Ukuran dewan, jumlah komisaris independen, jumlah rapat komisaris), Komite Audit (Ukuran komite audit, keberadaan komite audit independen, jumlah rapat komite audit). Untuk variabel pengungkapan lingkungan menggunakan elemen ISO 14001. Berdasarkan sampel sejumlah 30 perusahaan bersertifikasi ISO 14001 pada tahun 2013 – 2014, setelah dilakukan analisis hasilnya menunjukkan. variabel proporsi anggota komite audit independen tidak  berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan pada level signifikasi 0,05. Variabel jumlah rapat komite audit tidak  berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan. Sedangkan variabel jumlah anggota dewan komisaris, proporsi anggota dewan komisaris independen, jumlah rapat dewan komisaris, jumlah anggota komite audit juga tidak berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan.Kata Kunci : Corporate Governance, Pengungkapan Lingkungan, BEI, ISO 14001
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK DALAM MEMBAYAR PAJAK MOBIL DENGAN DIBERLAKUKANNYA PAJAK PROGRESIF DI KOTA SURAKARTA
Authors: , Hendro Subroto Danarsi, , Siti Nurlaela
Published: November 2017

This study aimed to analyze the influence of the understanding, the tax rate, quality of service, awareness of taxation, tax penalties on tax compliance in paying car tax with the application of progressive tax in the city of Surakarta. This study uses a survey approach field (field research) through questionnaires convey to taxpayers car in Surakarta. Respondents are taxpayers who pay motor vehicle tax in SAMSAT Surakarta. The sampling is compulsory car tax imposed progressive tax rates .The sampling technique using random sampling with a sample of 30 respondents. Methods of data analysis using multiple linear regression test. These results indicate that: Understanding and Awareness of taxation no effect on tax compliance, while the tax rate, Quality of Service and Sanctions Tax effect on tax compliance.Keywords: Understanding, tax rates, quality of service, awareness of taxation, tax  penalties, tax compliance
Motivation and Prior Animal Experience of Newly Enrolled Veterinary Nursing Students at two Irish Third-Level Institutions
Authors: Dunne Karen , Brereton Bernadette , Duggan Vivienne , Campion Deirdre
Published: November 2017

Veterinary nurses report an intrinsic desire to work with animals. However, this motivation may be eroded by poor working conditions and low pay, resulting in the exit of experienced veterinary nurses from clinical practice. This study sought to quantify the level of animal-handling experience students possessed at the start of their training and to explore the factors motivating them to enter veterinary nurse training in two Irish third-level institutions. The authors had noted a tendency for veterinary nursing students to possess limited animal-handling skills, despite their obvious motivation to work with animals. The study explores possible reasons for this, as it mirrors previous reports in relation to students of veterinary medicine. First-year veterinary nursing students at Dundalk Institute of Technology and University College Dublin were surveyed and a focus group was held in each institution to explore student motivations for choosing this career and their prior animal-handling experience and workplace exposure. The results show that veterinary nursing students are highly intrinsically motivated to work with and care for animals. The majority had spent time in the veterinary workplace before starting their studies but they had limited animal-handling experience beyond that of family pets, primarily dogs. The study also revealed potential tensions between the veterinary nursing and veterinary medical students at University College Dublin: a hitherto unexposed aspect of the hidden curriculum in this institution. The results of this study highlight the need for ongoing investment in practical animal-handling training for veterinary nursing students.
Investigation of Heterogeneity in Vehicle Ownership and Usage for the Millennial Generation
Authors: Lavieri Patrícia S. , Garikapati Venu M. , Bhat Chandra R. , Pendyala Ram M.
Published: November 2017

This study explored differences in activity travel behavior within the millennial generation to understand better how their choices might shape transportation systems of the future. Through the estimation of a generalized heterogeneous data model on a mobility attitude survey data set targeting millennials, this study investigates heterogeneity among millennials with respect to their driver’s license–holding status, vehicle ownership, and commute mode choice. After self-selection effects are accounted for, age, parenting status, and location of residence have a substantial and statistically significant influence on automobile-oriented mobility choices. Millennials seem to become more automobile-oriented as they age and gain economic resources. Parenthood is associated with an increase in driver’s license holding and personal vehicle ownership; however, in general, it does not seem to have a direct effect on commute mode choice. For all types of millennials, mode choice seems to be strongly correlated with residence location. Thus, the development of a well-connected public transit system and dense, mixed land use are still the key ingredients for reducing the car commute. Planning professionals should explore ways to retain millennials in the city core so that their sustainable patterns of transportation mode use can be preserved.
Activity Cancellation and Rescheduling by Stressed Households: Improving Convergence in Integrated Activity-Based and Dynamic Traffic Assignment Models
Authors: Halat Hooram , Mahmassani Hani S. , Zockaie Ali , Vovsha Peter
Published: November 2017

Maintaining consistency between individuals’ activity choices and realistic network conditions is made possible through a unified framework of activity-based and dynamic traffic assignment models. In this study, a model formulation and solution approach is presented for an integrated system of household activity schedule adjustment and multimodal dynamic traffic assignment model. In the proposed framework, individuals are initially assigned an activity pattern that includes their activity start time, end time, sequence, and number of intermediate and final destinations. The planned schedules are loaded to the network and executed to obtain the dynamic traffic conditions. Next, the individuals who experience schedules inconsistent with the planned ones try to adjust their activity durations or trip departure times to accommodate the fluctuations. In some cases, however, the schedule inconsistencies may not be resolved through departure time or duration adjustments; therefore, the traveler may cancel an activity or trip as a response to the fluctuations. Strategies for selecting activities to be canceled are discussed, and the influence of incorporating activity cancellation on numerical convergence is presented.
Impact of a more restrictive overlapping surgery policy: an analysis of pre- and postimplementation complication rates, resident involvement, and surgical wait times at a high-volume neurosurgical department
Authors: Guan Jian , Karsy Michael , Brock Andrea A. , Couldwell William T. , Kestle John R. W. , Jensen Randy L. , Dailey Andrew T. , Schmidt Richard H.
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVE

Recently, overlapping surgery has been a source of controversy both in the popular press and within the academic medical community. There have been no studies examining the possible effects of more stringent overlapping surgery restrictions. At the authors’ institution, a new policy was implemented that restricts attending surgeons from starting a second case until all critical portions of the first case that could require the attending surgeon’s involvement are completed. The authors examined the impact of this policy on complication rates, neurosurgical resident education, and wait times for neurosurgical procedures.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective chart review of nonemergency neurosurgical procedures performed over two periods—from June 1, 2014, to October 31, 2014 (pre–policy change) and from June 1, 2016, to October 31, 2016 (post–policy change)—by any of 4 senior neurosurgeons at a single institution who were authorized to schedule overlapping cases. Information on preoperative evaluation, patient demographics, premorbid conditions, surgical variables, and postoperative course were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS

Six hundred fifty-three patients met inclusion criteria for complications analysis. Of these, 378 (57.9%) underwent surgery before the policy change. On multivariable regression analysis, neither overlapping surgery (odds ratio [OR] 1.072, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.710–1.620) nor the overlapping surgery policy change (OR 1.057, 95% CI 0.700–1.596) was associated with overall complication rates. Similarly, neither overlapping surgery (OR 1.472, 95% CI 0.883–2.454) nor the overlapping surgery policy change (OR 1.251, 95% CI 0.748–2.091) was associated with numbers of serious complications. After the policy change, the percentage of procedures in which the senior assistant was a postresidency fellow increased significantly, from 11.9% to 34.2% (p < 0.001). In a multiple linear regression analysis of surgery wait times, patients undergoing surgery after the policy change had significantly longer delays from the decision to operate until the actual neurosurgical procedure (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

At the authors’ institution, further restriction of overlapping surgery was not associated with a reduction in overall or serious complications. Resident involvement in neurosurgical procedures decreased significantly after the policy change, and this study suggests that wait times for neurosurgical procedures also significantly lengthened.
Spatial Patterns of Mass-balance Fluctuations of North American Glaciers
Authors: Letrèguilly Anne , Reynaud Louis
Published: November 2017

Long-term records (10–30 years of measurements) of North American glaciers are compared using Lliboutry’s simplified linear model. This model separates the mass balance into two additive terms, one dependent on the location of the glacier and the other on time. The time-dependent term provides a common signal for the variations of different glaciers. Principal-component analysis indicates that these similarities amount to between 65 and 70% of the total variance for glaciers up to about 500 km apart. Within this distance, similar variations of mass balance and, therefore the same yearly climatic variations, can be observed.
“Striations” Produced by Catastrophic Subglacial Drainage of a Glacier-dammed Lake, Mjølkedalsbreen, Southern Norway
Authors: McCarroll Danny , Matthews John A. , Shakesby Richard A.
Published: November 2017

“Striations” produced by catastrophic subglacial drainage of an ice-dammed lake were investigated in front of Mjelkedalsbreen, Jotunheimen, southern Norway. At each site, length, width, and orientation of at least 50 “striations” were recorded. These data are compared with similar measurements from a glacially abraded “control” site. On the basis of length or width measurements alone, “striations” produced by subglacial drainage are not consistently distinguishable from those produced by glacial abrasion. However, the former display more variable orientations and cross-cutting relationships which could be misinterpreted as indicating changing ice-flow directions. They can be recognized by the occurrence of some “striations” with relatively low length : width ratios, which indicate the transport of boulders by saltation.
On The Nature of Svalbard Icebergs
Authors: Dowdeswell Julian A.
Published: November 2017

The nature of icebergs calved from Svalbard’s 1030 km of tide-water ice cliffs is related to glacier dynamics and morphology. Both iceberg dimensions and rates of relative iceberg production are affected. Valley tide-water glaciers entering fjords typically calve irregular icebergs of <50 m in length. Ice caps and large outlet glaciers, which predominate in eastern Svalbard, yield small, irregular icebergs and large (>500 m length) tabular icebergs which can travel considerable distances before melting. Surge-type ice masses calve very large numbers of small icebergs during short periods of rapid advance, but few icebergs during longer periods of stagnation and retreat between surges. The nature of iceberg interactions with sea ice also influences the timing and pattern of iceberg production. Winter shore-fast ice traps icebergs close to tide-water ice cliffs. They are released as a pulse on spring-time fast-ice break-up. Pack ice damps waves, and therefore increases iceberg stability and reduces the frequency of overturn. Small icebergs often undergo complete melting and sediment release within fjords. Larger icebergs can be trapped close to glacier termini by shallow bedrock or morainic sills, but some larger, tabular icebergs do escape into the Barents Sea. Implications for iceberg rafting of sediments include the production of large numbers of relatively debris-rich icebergs during surges and the absence of floating ice masses. The latter restricts the loss of debris-rich basal ice by undermelt prior to calving.
Structure and Debris Characteristics of Medial Moraines in Jotunheimen, Norway: Implications for Moraine Classification
Authors: Vere D.M. , Benn D.I.
Published: November 2017

Four medial moraines on three glaciers in Jotunheimen, Norway, are described. The structure and debris characteristics of the moraines allow three debris-transport routes to be identified: (1) discrete concentrated longitudinal septa containing subglacially comminuted debris; (2) diffuse longitudinal septa containing passively englacially transported debris; and (3) supraglacially transported spreads containing rock-fall debris entrained below the firn line. Two of the moraines, occurring down-glacier of nunataks, are nourished by a combination of (1) and (3). The remaining two moraines are nourished solely by englacially transported rock-fall debris (2). Transport routes (1) and (2) represent two distinct types of longitudinal englacial debris septum. The contribution of debris from more than one glacial transport path to single medial moraines indicates the value of a flexible, process-based approach towards moraine classification, with emphasis on the dynamic links between basin morphology, glacial debris entrainment, and moraine characteristics.
X-ray Topographic Observations of Edge Dislocation Glide on Non-basal Planes in Ice
Authors: Shearwood C. , Whitworth R.W.
Published: November 2017

White synchrotron X-radiation topography has been used to observe the motion of dislocations in single crystals of ice under a compressive stress in the [1100] direction, for which there is no resolved stress on the basal plane. Dislocations with [1210] and [2110] Burgers vectors were nucleated from surface scratches, and their edge components were observed to glide on non-basal planes, which may be prismatic or may have unspecific pyramidal character. Screw components are not mobile on such planes.
A Selection Process for Genetic Algorithm Using Clustering Analysis
Authors: Chehouri Adam , Younes Rafic , Khoder Jihan , Perron Jean , Ilinca Adrian
Published: November 2017

This article presents a newly proposed selection process for genetic algorithms on a class of unconstrained optimization problems. The k-means genetic algorithm selection process (KGA) is composed of four essential stages: clustering, membership phase, fitness scaling and selection. Inspired from the hypothesis that clustering the population helps to preserve a selection pressure throughout the evolution of the population, a membership probability index is assigned to each individual following the clustering phase. Fitness scaling converts the membership scores in a range suitable for the selection function which selects the parents of the next generation. Two versions of the KGA process are presented: using a fixed number of clusters K (KGAf) and via an optimal partitioning Kopt (KGAo) determined by two different internal validity indices. The performance of each method is tested on seven benchmark problems.
Modeling the Static Force of a Festo Pneumatic Muscle Actuator: A New Approach and a Comparison to Existing Models
Authors: Martens Mirco , Boblan Ivo
Published: November 2017

In this paper, a new approach for modeling the static force characteristic of Festo pneumatic muscle actuators (PMAs) will be presented. The model is physically motivated and therefore gives a deeper understanding of the Festo PMA. After introducing the new model, it will be validated through a comparison to a measured force map of a Festo DMSP-10-250 and a DMSP-20-300, respectively. It will be shown that the error between the new model and the measured data is below 4.4% for the DMSP-10-250 and below 2.35% for the DMSP-20-300. In addition, the quality of the presented model will be compared to the quality of existing models by comparing the maximum error. It can be seen that the newly introduced model is closer to the measured force characteristic of a Festo PMA than any existing model.
Bio-Inspired Real-Time Prediction of Human Locomotion for Exoskeletal Robot Control
Authors: Duan Pu , Li Shilei , Duan Zhuoping , Chen Yawen
Published: November 2017

Human motion detection is of fundamental importance for control of human–robot coupled systems such as exoskeletal robots. Inertial measurement units have been widely used for this purpose, although delay is a major challenge for inertial measurement unit-based motion capture systems. In this paper, we use previous and current inertial measurement unit readings to predict human locomotion based on their kinematic properties. Human locomotion is a synergetic process of the musculoskeletal system characterized by smoothness, high nonlinearity, and quasi-periodicity. Takens’ reconstruction method can well characterize quasi-periodicity and nonlinear systems. With Takens’ reconstruction framework, we developed improving methods, including Gaussian coefficient weighting and offset correction (which is based on the smoothness of human locomotion), Kalman fusion with complementary joint data prediction and united source of historical embedding generation (which is synergy-inspired), and Kalman fusion with the Newton-based method with a velocity and acceleration high-gain observer (also based on smoothness). After thorough analysis of the parameters and the effect of these improving techniques, we propose a novel prediction method that possesses the combined advantages of parameter robustness, high accuracy, trajectory smoothness, zero dead time, and adaptability to irregularities. The proposed methods were tested and validated by experiments, and the real-time applicability in a human locomotion capture system was also validated.
The Extracellular Domain of Human High Affinity Copper Transporter (hNdCTR1), Synthesized by E. coli Cells, Chelates Silver and Copper Ions In Vivo
Authors: Sankova Tatiana , Orlov Iurii , Saveliev Andrey , Kirilenko Demid , Babich Polina , Brunkov Pavel , Puchkova Ludmila
Published: November 2017

There is much interest in effective copper chelators to correct copper dyshomeostasis in neurodegenerative and oncological diseases. In this study, a recombinant fusion protein for expression in Escherichia coli cells was constructed from glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and the N-terminal domain (ectodomain) of human high affinity copper transporter CTR1 (hNdCTR1), which has three metal-bound motifs. Several biological properties of the GST-hNdCTR1 fusion protein were assessed. It was demonstrated that in cells, the protein was prone to oligomerization, formed inclusion bodies and displayed no toxicity. Treatment of E. coli cells with copper and silver ions reduced cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Cells expressing GST-hNdCTR1 protein demonstrated resistance to the metal treatments. These cells accumulated silver ions and formed nanoparticles that contained AgCl and metallic silver. In this bacterial population, filamentous bacteria with a length of about 10 µm were often observed. The possibility for the fusion protein carrying extracellular metal binding motifs to integrate into the cell’s copper metabolism and its chelating properties are discussed.
Synthesis of Phase Pure Hexagonal YFeO3 Perovskite as Efficient Visible Light Active Photocatalyst
Authors: Ismael Mohammed , Elhaddad Engy , Taffa Dereje , Wark Michael
Published: November 2017

Hexagonal perovskite YFeO3 was synthesized by a complex-assisted sol-gel technique allowing crystallization at calcination temperatures below 700 °C. As determined by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and Tauc plots, the hexagonal YFeO3 exhibits a lower optical band gap (1.81 eV) than the orthorhombic structure (about 2.1 eV or even higher) being typically obtained at elevated temperatures (>700 °C), and thus enables higher visible light photocatalysis activity. Structure and morphology of the synthesized YFeO3 perovskites were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nitrogen adsorption, proving that significantly smaller crystallite sizes and higher surface areas are obtained for YFeO3 with a hexagonal phase. The photocatalytic activity of the different YFeO3 phases was deduced via the degradation of the model pollutants methyl orange and 4-chlorophenol. Experiments under illumination with light of different wavelengths, in the presence of different trapping elements, as well as photoelectrochemical tests allow conclusions regarding band positions of YFeO3 and the photocatalytic degradation mechanism. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates that a very thin layer of Y2O3 might support the photocatalysis by improving the separation of photogenerated charge carriers.
Dissolution of Trihexyltetradecylphosphonium Chloride in Supercritical CO2
Authors: Heitz Mark , Fuller Kristina , Ordiway Kaitlin
Published: November 2017

We present steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopic data derived from coumarin 153 (C153) in a binary solution comprised of trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride ([P6,6,6,14]+Cl−) and supercritical CO2 (scCO2). Steady-state fluorescence of C153 was measured in neat scCO2 and ionic liquid (IL)-modified scCO2 solutions. The steady-state excitation and emission peak frequency data in neat scCO2 and IL/scCO2 diverge at low fluid density (ρr = ρ/ρc < 1). The prominent spectral differences at low fluid density provided clear evidence that C153 reports different microenvironments, and suggested that the IL is solubilized in the bulk scCO2 and heterogeneity of the C153 microenvironment is readily controlled by scCO2 density. C153 dimers have been reported in the literature, and this formed the basis of the hypothesis that dimerization is occurring in scCO2. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) electronic structure calculations yielded transition energies that were consistent with excitation spectra and provided supporting evidence for the dimer hypothesis. Time-resolved fluorescence measurements yielded triple exponential decays with time constants that further supported dimer formation. The associated fractional contributions showed that the dominant contribution to the intensity decay was from C153 monomers, and that in high density scCO2 there was minimal contribution from C153 dimers.
Infantile Cytomegalovirus-Associated Severe Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Case Report
Authors: Khalifeh Hassan , Mourad Youmna , Chamoun Cynthia
Published: November 2017

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is a rare hematologic entity in children. Etiologies are mainly viruses or bacteria. We describe here a case of severe warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (IgG- and C3d-positive direct antiglobulin test) in an immunocompetent 6-month-old infant with acute Cytomegalovirus infection that responded well to corticotherapy and intraveneous immunoglobulins without using blood component transfusion. This case demonstrates the importance of recognizing CMV in infantile Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia, especially because hemolysis can be severe and lethal.
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Children: A Tertiary United Kingdom Children’s Hospital Experience
Authors: Nasher Omar , Devadason David , Stewart Richard
Published: November 2017

The aim of this study was to review the aetiology, presentation and management of these patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) at a tertiary children’s unit in the United Kingdom. This was a retrospective single-institution study on children (<16 years) who presented with acute UGIB over a period of 5 years using known International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. A total of 32 children (17 males, 15 females) were identified with a total median age at presentation of 5.5 years. The majority (24/32) of patients presented as an emergency. A total of 19/32 presented with isolated haematemesis, 8/32 with isolated melaena and 5/32 with a combination of melaena and haematemesis. On admission, the mean haemoglobin of patients who presented with isolated haematemesis was 11 g/dL, those with isolated melaena 9.3 g/dL and those with a combination 7.8 g/dL. Blood transfusion was required in 3/19 with haematemesis and 3/5 with haematemesis and melaena. A total of 19/32 underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopic findings were oesophageal varices (5/19) of which 4 required banding; bleeding gastric ulcer (1/19) requiring clips, haemospray and adrenaline; gastric vascular malformation (1/19) treated with Argon plasma coagulation therapy; duodenal ulcer (3/19) which required surgery in two cases; oesophagitis (5/19); and gastritis +/− duodenitis (3/19). A total of 13/32 patients did not undergo endoscopy and the presumed aetiology was a Mallory–Weiss tear (4/13); ingestion of foreign body (2/13); gastritis (3/13); viral illness (1/13); unknown (2/13). While UGIB is uncommon in children, the morbidity associated with it is very significant. Melaena, dropping haemoglobin, and requirement for a blood transfusion appear to be significant markers of an underlying cause of UGIB that requires therapeutic intervention. A multi-disciplinary team comprising gastroenterologists and surgeons is essential.
Surface Texturing of CVD Diamond Assisted by Ultrashort Laser Pulses
Authors: Trucchi Daniele , Bellucci Alessandro , Girolami Marco , Mastellone Matteo , Orlando Stefano
Published: November 2017

Diamond is a wide bandgap semiconductor with excellent physical properties which allow it to operate under extreme conditions. However, the technological use of diamond was mostly conceived for the fabrication of ultraviolet, ionizing radiation and nuclear detectors, of electron emitters, and of power electronic devices. The use of nanosecond pulse excimer lasers enabled the microstructuring of diamond surfaces, and refined techniques such as controlled ablation through graphitization and etching by two-photon surface excitation are being exploited for the nanostructuring of diamond. On the other hand, ultrashort pulse lasers paved the way for a more accurate diamond microstructuring, due to reduced thermal effects, as well as an effective surface nanostructuring, based on the formation of periodic structures at the nanoscale. It resulted in drastic modifications of the optical and electronic properties of diamond, of which “black diamond” films are an example for future high-temperature solar cells as well as for advanced optoelectronic platforms. Although experiments on diamond nanostructuring started almost 20 years ago, real applications are only today under implementation.
A Novel Dual Air-Bearing Fixed-χ Diffractometer for Small-Molecule Single-Crystal X-ray Diffraction on Beamline I19 at Diamond Light Source
Authors: Allan David . , Nowell Harriott , Barnett Sarah , Warren Mark , Wilcox Adrian , Christensen Jeppe , Saunders Lucy , Peach Andrew , Hooper Mark , Zaja Ljubo , Patel Suren , Cahill Leo , Marshall Russell , Trimnell Steven , Foster Andrew , Bates Trevor , Lay Simon , Williams Mark , Hathaway Paul , Winter Graeme , Gerstel Markus , Wooley Ron
Published: November 2017

Herein, we describe the development of a novel dual air-bearing fixed-χ diffractometer for beamline I19 at Diamond Light Source. The diffractometer is designed to facilitate the rapid data collections possible with a Dectris Pilatus 2M pixel-array photon-counting detector, while allowing remote operation in conjunction with a robotic sample changer. The sphere-of-confusion is made as small as practicably possible, through the use of air-bearings for both the ω and φ axes. The design and construction of the new instrument is described in detail and an accompanying paper by Johnson et al. (also in this issue) will provide a user perspective of its operation.
A Refined Composite Multivariate Multiscale Fuzzy Entropy and Laplacian Score-Based Fault Diagnosis Method for Rolling Bearings
Authors: Zheng Jinde , Tu Deyu , Pan Haiyang , Hu Xiaolei , Liu Tao , Liu Qingyun
Published: November 2017

The vibration signals of rolling bearings are often nonlinear and non-stationary. Multiscale entropy (MSE) has been widely applied to measure the complexity of nonlinear mechanical vibration signals, however, at present only the single channel vibration signals are used for fault diagnosis by many scholars. In this paper multiscale entropy in multivariate framework, i.e., multivariate multiscale entropy (MMSE) is introduced to machinery fault diagnosis to improve the efficiency of fault identification as much as possible through using multi-channel vibration information. MMSE evaluates the multivariate complexity of synchronous multi-channel data and is an effective method for measuring complexity and mutual nonlinear dynamic relationship, but its statistical stability is poor. Refined composite multivariate multiscale fuzzy entropy (RCMMFE) was developed to overcome the problems existing in MMSE and was compared with MSE, multiscale fuzzy entropy, MMSE and multivariate multiscale fuzzy entropy by analyzing simulation data. Finally, a new fault diagnosis method for rolling bearing was proposed based on RCMMFE for fault feature extraction, Laplacian score and particle swarm optimization support vector machine (PSO-SVM) for automatic fault mode identification. The proposed method was compared with the existing methods by analyzing experimental data analysis and the results indicate its effectiveness and superiority.
Experimental Study of Hydrogen Addition Effects on a Swirl-Stabilized Methane-Air Flame
Authors: Li Mao , Tong Yiheng , Klingmann Jens , Thern Marcus
Published: November 2017

The effects of H2 addition on a premixed methane-air flame was studied experimentally with a swirl-stabilized gas turbine model combustor. Experiments with 0%, 25%, and 50% H2 molar fraction in the fuel mixture were conducted under atmospheric pressure. The primary objectives are to study the impacts of H2 addition on flame lean blowout (LBO) limits, flame shapes and anchored locations, flow field characteristics, precessing vortex core (PVC) instability, as well as the CO emission performance. The flame LBO limits were identified by gradually reducing the equivalence ratio until the condition where the flame physically disappeared. The time-averaged CH chemiluminescence was used to reveal the characteristics of flame stabilization, e.g., flame structure and stabilized locations. In addition, the inverse Abel transform was applied to the time-averaged CH results so that the distribution of CH signal on the symmetric plane of the flame was obtained. The particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to detect the characteristics of the flow field with a frequency of 2 kHz. The snapshot method of POD (proper orthogonal decomposition) and fast Fourier transform (FFT) were adopted to capture the most prominent coherent structures in the turbulent flow field. CO emission was monitored with an exhaust probe that was installed close to the combustor exit. The experimental results indicated that the H2 addition extended the flame LBO limits and the operation range of low CO emission. The influence of H2 addition on the flame shape, location, and flow field was observed. With the assistance of POD and FFT, the combustion suppression impacts on PVC was found.
Probabilistic Optimal Power Dispatch in Multi-Carrier Networked Microgrids under Uncertainties
Authors: Amir Vahid , Jadid Shahram , Ehsan Mehdi
Published: November 2017

A microgrid (MG) is a small-scale version of the power system which makes possible the integration of renewable resources as well as achieving maximum demand side management (DSM) utilization. The future power system will be faced with severe uncertainties owing to penetration of renewable resources. Consequently, the uncertainty assessment of system performance is essential. The conventional energy scheduling in an MG may not be suitable for active distribution networks. Hence, this study focuses on the probabilistic analysis of optimal power dispatch considering economic aspects in a multi-carrier networked microgrid. The aim is to study the impact of uncertain behavior of loads, renewable resources, and electricity market on the optimal management of a multi-carrier networked microgrid. Furthermore, a novel time-based demand side management is proposed in order to reshape the load curve, as well as preventing the excessive use of energy in peak hours. The optimization model is formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear program (MINLP) and is solved using MATLAB and GAMS software. Results show that the energy sharing capability between MCMGs and MCMGs and the main grids as well as utilization of demand side management can decrease operating costs for smart distribution grids.
Households’ Willingness to Pay for Improved Waste Collection Service in Gorkha Municipality of Nepal
Authors: Maskey Bijan , Singh Mrinila
Published: November 2017

Municipal solid waste management is a growing problem in urban areas of Nepal where municipalities are severely constrained by budget to manage it effectively. Collecting fees from the public can aid finance for improving waste management service. This study evaluates willingness to pay (WTP) by 401 households, selected using a stratified sampling method from all 15 wards of Gorkha municipality of Nepal for improved waste collection service and the factors influencing it. We employed a contingent valuation method to elicit households’ WTP, logit regression model to determine factors influencing WTP and tobit regression model to determine factors influencing the maximum amount households are willing to pay for improved waste collection service. Majority of households (61%) are willing to pay an average amount of NRs. 73.38 (0.72 US$) per month. Factors that significantly influence households’ WTP are monthly household income, education of household head, environmental awareness and waste collection service. Except for education of household head, all these factors significantly influence the maximum amount of money households are willing to pay. Concerned stakeholders and policy makers should consider these traits of households before enforcing a waste collection fee.
Dynamics of Understory Shrub Biomass in Six Young Plantations of Southern Subtropical China
Authors: Chen Yuanqi , Cai Xi’an , Zhang Yanju , Rao Xingquan , Fu Shenglei
Published: November 2017

Understory shrubs are an important component of forest ecosystems and drive ecosystem processes, such as ecosystem carbon cycling. However, shrub biomass carbon stocks have rarely been reported, which limits our understanding of ecosystem C stock and cycling. In this study, we evaluated carbon accumulation of shrub species using allometric equations based on height and basal diameter in six subtropical plantations at the age of 1, 3, 4 and 6 years. The results showed that plantation type did not significantly affect the total biomass of shrubs, but it significantly affected the biomass of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Ilex asprella, Clerodendrum fortunatum and Baeckea frutescens. The biomass of dominant shrub species R. tomentosa, I. asprella, Gardenia jasminoides and Melastoma candidum increased with stand age, while the biomass of C. fortunatum and B. frutescens decreased. The inconsistent biomass-time patterns of different shrub species may be the primary reason for the altered total shrub biomass in each plantation. Consequently, we proposed that R. tomentosa, I. asprella, G. jasminoides and M. candidum could be preferable for understory carbon accumulation and should be maintained or planted because of their important functions in carbon accumulation and high economic values in the young plantations of southern subtropical China.
Transcriptome Characterization of the Chinese Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) and Expression Analysis of Candidate Phosphate Transporter Genes
Authors: Li Ming , Su Suo-Suo , Wu Peng-Fei , Cameron Kenneth , Zhang Ying , Chen Wan-Ting , Ma Xiang-Qing
Published: November 2017

Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) is the most important afforestation tree species in China because of its excellent timber quality and high yield. However, the limited availability of phosphorus in forest soils is widespread and has become an important factor in the declining productivity of Chinese fir plantations. Here we used the Illumina HiSeq™ 2000 DNA sequencing platform to sequence root, stem, and leaf transcriptomes of one-year old Chinese fir clones with phosphorus treatment. Approximately 236,529,278 clean reads were obtained and generated 35.47 G of sequencing data. These reads were assembled into 413,806 unigenes with a mean length of 520 bp. In total, 109,596 unigenes were annotated in the NR (NCBI non-redundant) database, 727,287 genes were assigned for GO (Gene Ontology) terms, information for 92,001 classified unigenes was assigned to 26 KOG (Karyotic Orthologous Groups) categories, and 57,042 unigenes were significantly matched with 132 KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) predicted pathways. In total, 49 unigenes were identified as exhibiting inorganic phosphate transporter activity, and 14 positive genes’ expression patterns in different phosphorus deficiency treatments were analyzed by qRT-PCR to explore their putative functions. This study provides a basic foundation for functional genomic studies of the phosphate transporter in Chinese fir, and also presents an extensive annotated sequence resource for molecular research.
A Microtiter Plate Assay as a Reliable Method to Assure the Identification and Classification of the Veil-Forming Yeasts during Sherry Wines Ageing
Authors: Ruíz-Muñoz Marina , Bernal-Grande Maria , Cordero-Bueso Gustavo , González Mónica , Hughes-Herrera David , Cantoral Jesús
Published: November 2017

Yeasts involved in veil formation during biological ageing of Sherry wines are mainly Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and they have traditionally been divided into four races or varieties: beticus, cheresiensis, montuliensis and rouxii. Recent progress in molecular biology has led to the development of several techniques for yeast identification, based on similarity or dissimilarity of DNA, RNA or proteins. In view of the latest yeast taxonomy, there are no more races. However, molecular techniques are not enough to understand the real veil-forming yeast diversity and dynamics in Sherry wines. We propose a reliable method, using a microtiter reader, to evaluate the fermentation and assimilation of carbon and nitrogen sources, the osmotolerance and the antibiotic resistance, using 18 S. cerevisiae and 5 non-Saccharomyces yeast strains, to allow correct identification and classification of the yeast strains present in the velum of flor complex.
Creation and Staging of Android Theatre “Sayonara”towards Developing Highly Human-Like Robots
Authors: Chikaraishi Takenobu , Yoshikawa Yuichiro , Ogawa Kohei , Hirata Oriza , Ishiguro Hiroshi
Published: November 2017

Even after long-term exposures, androids with a strikingly human-like appearance evoke unnatural feelings. The behavior that would induce human-like feelings after long exposures is difficult to determine, and it often depends on the cultural background of the observers. Therefore, in this study, we generate an acting performance system for the android, in which an android and a human interact in a stage play in the real world. We adopt the theatrical theory called Contemporary Colloquial Theatre Theory to give the android natural behaviors so that audiences can comfortably observe it even after long-minute exposure. A stage play is created and shown in various locations, and the audiences are requested to report their impressions of the stage and their cultural and psychological backgrounds in a self-evaluating questionnaire. Overall analysis indicates that the audience had positive feelings, in terms of attractiveness, towards the android on the stage even after 20 min of exposure. The singularly high acceptance of the android by Japanese audiences seems to be correlated with a high animism tendency, rather than to empathy. We also discuss how the stage play approach is limited and could be extended to contribute to realization of human–robot interaction in the real world.