bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МЯСНАЯ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ БАРАНЧИКОВ, ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ ОТ СКРЕЩИВАНИЯ ОВЦЕМАТОК СТАВРОПОЛЬСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ С БАРАНАМИ КРОВНОСТЬЮ ½ КАЛМЫЦКАЯ КУРДЮЧНАЯ + ½ ДОРПЕР
Authors: Адучиев Б.К. , Погодаев В.А. , Сергеева Н.В.
Published: December 2024

Целью работы явилось определение мясной продуктивности баранчиков полученных от скрещивания овцематок ставропольской породы с помесными баранами (½ калмыцкая курдючная + ½ дорпер). Исследования проводили в ООО «Агрофирма Адучи», Республика Калмыкия в 2019 - 2020 гг. Для проведения опыта было сформировано по принципу пар аналогов две группы овцематок ставропольской породы по 40 голов в каждой. Овцематок I группы осеменяли спермой баранов ставропольской породы, а овцематок II группы - помесных баранов с кровностью ½ калмыцкая курдючная + ½ дорпер. Установлено, что помесный молодняк обладает повышенной энергией роста и высокодостоверно превосходит чистопородных сверстников ставропольской породы поживой массе в пятимесячном возрасте на 3,3 кг (P > 0,999), в шестимесячном - на 4,2 кг (P > 0,999), а в семимесячном - на 5,1 кг (P > 0,999).Трехпородные баранчики отличаются большей массой и высоким функциональным развитием внутренних органов, имеют высокие убойные и мясные качества. Анализ химического состава мяса баранчиков показал, что содержание белка в мышечной ткани чистопородных баранчиков было меньше, чем у трехпородных помесей, на 0,6%, а влаги больше на 1,1% . Прибыль от реализации трехпородных помесей была больше на 816 руб., а уровень рентабельности выше на 15,36 абс.%, чем от реализации чистопородных баранчиков.

The aim of the work was to determine the meat productivity of sheep obtained from crossing sheep of the Stavropol breed with crossbred rams (½ Kalmyk kurdyuchnaya + ½ dorper). The research was conducted in LLC "Agrofirma Aduchi", Republic Kalmykia in 2019-2020. To conduct the experiment two groups of sheep of the Stavropol breed were formed on the basis of pairs of analogues, 40 heads each. Group I ewes were inseminated with Stavropol-bred sheep, and group II ewes were inseminated with cross-bred sheep with blood type ½ Kalmyk kurdyuchnaya + ½ dorper. It was found that crossbred young animals have increased growth energy and significantly exceed purebred peers of the Stavropol breed by 3.3 kg (P > 0.999) at five months of age, by 4.2 kg (P > 0.999) at six months of age, and by 5.1 kg (P > 0.999) at seven months of age.Three-breed rams are characterized by a larger mass and high functional development of internal organs, have high slaughter and meat qualities. Analysis of the chemical composition of lamb meat showed that the protein content in the muscle tissue of purebred sheep was less than that of three-bred crossbreds, by 0.6%, and the moisture content was higher by 1.1% . The profit from the sale of three-breed crossbreds was more by 816 rubles, and the level of profitability was higher by 15.36 abs.% than from the sale of purebred rams.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ КОМПЛЕКСНОЙ МИНЕРАЛЬНО-ВИТАМИННОЙ КОРМОВОЙ ДОБАВКИ В РАЦИОНАХ НЕТЕЛЕЙ
Authors: Сабитов М.Т.
Published: December 2024

В экспериментальных исследованиях на 3 группах нетелей черно-пестрой породы, подобранных по методу пар-аналогов, изучена целесообразность использования в их рационах комплексной минерально-витаминной кормовой добавки (далее - КМВКД) и доказана эффективность применения. Опыты проведены 2019-2020 гг. в условиях ООО племенного завода «Валиева» Дюртюлинского района Республики Башкортостан по разведению черно-пестрой породы. При анализе кормов установлено пониженное содержание таких элементов как натрий, сера, кальций, фосфор, медь, цинк, кобальт, йод и селен, и повышенное содержание - марганца и железа, при котором соотношение питательных и минеральных веществ, степень их доступности для усвоения организмом не обеспечивает их потребность. Использование различных доз КМВКД в рационах нетелей в последнее месяцы стельности, имеющих в своем составе различные варианты макро-, микроэлементов и витаминов, положительно влияют на обменные процессы в организме животных, способствуя при этом усилению окислительно-восстановительных процессов в организме, стимулирует эритропэз, улучшает снабжение кислородом тканей и органов физиолого-биохимического статуса, сохранению здоровья для нормального развития плода и созданию запаса питательных веществ для будущей лактации.

In experimental studies on 3 groups of Black-and-White heifers selected by the method of pair-analogues, the expediency of use a complex mineral and vitamin fodder additive in their diets (here and after referred to as CMVCD) was studied and the effectiveness of its use was proved. Experiments were carried out in 2019-2020 in the conditions of the LLC breeding plant "Valieva" of the Durtyulinsky district of the Republic Bashkortostan for breeding Black-and-White breed. The analysis of feed revealed a low content of elements such as sodium, sulfur, calcium, phosphorus, copper, zinc, cobalt, iodine and selenium, and an increased content of manganese and iron, in which the ratio of nutrients and minerals, the degree of their availability for assimilation by the body does not meet their needs. The use of various doses of CMVCD in the diets of heifers in the last months of pregnancy, which contain various variants of macro-, microelements and vitamins, positively affect the metabolic processes in the body of animals, while contributing to the strengthening of redox processes in the body, stimulates erythropoiesis, improves the supply of oxygen to tissues and organs of the physiological and biochemical status, preserving health for normal fetal development and creation a supply of nutrients for future lactation.
ПЛЕМЕННАЯ ОЦЕНКА БЫКОВ-ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЕЙ ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ СЕЛЕКЦИИ
Authors: Дунин И.М. , Тяпугин С.Е. , Семенова Н.В. , Щеглов М.Е. , Дунин М.И. , Боголюбова Л.П. , Матвеева Е.А. , Тяпугин Е.Е.
Published: December 2024

В статье представлен анализ завезенной в 2019 году спермопродукции племенных быков-производителей молочного и мясного направления. Ввоз семени чистопородных племенных быков молочного направления составил 3,16 млн. доз, мясного - 52,6 тыс. доз. Лидерами среди поставщиков семени являются США и Канада (31,4…57,7%). Наибольшее количество семени отмечено у быков голштинской породы (3,0 млн. доз). Отмечено увеличение поставок семени быков породы бланк-блю бельж (9,8 тыс. доз). Общий объем сексированного семени составил 412,0 тыс. доз, что на 43,9 % выше, чем в 2018 году. Для анализа использовали опубликованные данные генетической оценки быков 4 пород (голштинская, айрширская, джерсейская, бурая швицкая) за август 2020 года и объемы завозимого семени. В качестве критерия племенной ценности выбран индекс LNM$. Значения индекса LNM$ в голштинской породе варьировали от -854 до +790, в айрширской породе - от -180 до +422, в бурой швицкой породе - от -150 до +393,4 и в джерсейской породе - от +12,3 до +494,4. Проведен анализ генеалогических групп быков от которых был ввезен племенной материал.

The article presents an analysis of imported sperm products in 2019 of breeding sires of dairy and meat products. Import of seed of purebred breeding bulls of the dairy direction made 3,16 million doses, meat-52,6 thousand doses. The leaders among seed suppliers are the USA and Canada (31.4...57.7%). The largest number of seeds was observed in Holstein bulls (3.0 million doses). There was an increase in the supply of Blank-Blue Belge seed (9.8 thousand doses). The total volume of sexed semen was 412.0 thousand doses, which was 43.9% higher than in 2018.To analyze breeding evaluations, we used published data from the genetic evaluation of 4 breeds of bulls (Holstein, Ayrshire, Jersey, Brown Swiss) for August 2020 and their volumes of imported seed. The LNM$ index is selected as the breeding value criterion. The values of the LNM$ index in the Holstein breed ranged from -854 to +790, in the Ayrshire breed - from -180 to +422, in the Brown Swiss breed - from -150 to +393.4 and in the Jersey breed-from +12.3 to +494.4. The analysis of genealogical groups of bulls imported breeding material was carried out.
РАЗРАБОТКА АДАПТИВНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОЙ УСТАНОВКИ НА ОСНОВЕ ВОДОРОДНЫХ ТОПЛИВНЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ
Authors: ЛИПУЖИН И А. , ШАЛУХО А В. , ШУВАЛОВА Ю Н.
Published: December 2024

Концепция развития водородной энергетики получила широкое распространение во всем мире, и является одним из этапов стратегии снижения выбросов парниковых газов. Это объясняется тем, что водород, получаемый путем электролиза воды за счет электроэнергии, вырабатываемой на электростанциях на основе возобновляемых источников энергии, и с использованием атомных электростанций, считается экологически чистым. Преобразование энергии водорода в электроэнергию для питания транспорта или стационарных потребителей происходит в водородных топливных элементах, среди которых наибольшее распространение получили низкотемпературные топливные элементы с протоннообменной мембраной (ПОМТЭ). Поскольку мощность единичных батарей ПОМТЭ ограничена, для создания мощных энергоустановок требуется объединение нескольких батарей на параллельную работу. Эффективность работы такой системы напрямую зависит от выбора оптимального алгоритма распределения мощности нагрузки между отдельными батареями ПОМТЭ, что непосредственно влияет на суммарный расход водорода системой...

The concept of hydrogen energy development has become widespread throughout the world and is one of the stages of the strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This is explained by the fact that hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water using electricity from renewable energy sources and using nuclear power plants is considered environmentally friendly. The conversion of hydrogen energy into electricity to power transport or stationary consumers occurs in hydrogen fuel cells, among which the most widespread are low-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). Since the power of PEMFC stack is limited, it is necessary to combine several stacks for parallel operation to create powerful power source. The efficiency of multistack fuel cell system directly depends on the choice of the optimal power sharing strategy between PEMFC stacks, which directly affects the total hydrogen consumption of the system. The article describes the operating principle of PEMFC and the factors affecting the change in PEMFC characteristics during operation. Using the results of simulation modeling, it is shown that the choice of the optimal power sharing strategy depends on the type of characteristics of the PEMFC used in the multistack. To reduce the hydrogen consumption of the system, it is necessary to develop an adaptive energy management strategy, which will take into account changes in the PEMFC characteristics in a real time.
EFGs: A Complete and Accurate Implementation of Ertl’s Functional Group Detection Algorithm in RDKit
Authors: Colmenarejo Gonzalo
Published: December 2024

Functional groups are widely used in Organic Chemistry, as they provide a rationale to analyze physicochemical and reactivity properties. In Medicinal Chemistry they are the basis for analyzing ligand-biomacromolecule interactions. Ertl’s algorithm is an approach to extract functional groups in arbitrary organic molecules that do not depend on predefined libraries of functional groups. However, there is a lack of a complete and accurate implementation of Ertl’s algorithm in the widely used RDKit cheminformatic toolkit. In this paper a new RDKit/Python implementation of the algorithm is described, that is both accurate and complete. For a RDKit molecule, it provides: a) a PNG binary string with an image of the molecule with color-highlighted functional groups; b) a list of sets of atom indices (idx), each set corresponding to a functional group; c) a list of pseudo-SMILES canonicalized strings for the full functional groups; d) a list of RDKit labeled mol objects, one for each full functional group. The code is freely available in github.com/bbu-imdea/efgs
THE IMPACT OF INVESTMENTS ON DEVELOPMENT REGIONAL AGRICULTURAL COMPLEX
Authors: Pimenova Nadezhda , Gogolev Igor' , Markovina Ekaterina
Published: December 2024

Based on the actual level of agricultural production and the size of investments aimed at the devel-opment of the agricultural sector of the economy, their relationship is determined in the work. It has been established that the growth rate of investments in the agricultural economy is significantly faster than the growth rate of agricultural production over the years. This forms the basis and pre-requisites for increasing both quantitative and qualitative parameters of the agricultural business. It is determined that the largest share in the investment structure is accounted for by the own funds of agricultural organizations. The share of borrowed funds, including the federal budget, in the invest-ment of rural producers is insignificant. Such an imbalance determines the need to revise the invest-ment structure in terms of increasing the share of federal budget funds based on increased state support measures.
Implementation of agri-food policy to ensure food security in the region (using the example of the Ryazan region)
Authors: Savina Ol'ga
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the agro-food policy of the Ryazan region in the context of the implementation of the strategic priorities of the state to ensure food security. The information basis of the study was the materials of statistical collections of Rosstat, Ryazanstat; Resolutions and Orders of the Government of the Russian Federation and the Ryazan region related to food security issues; reporting data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Ryazan region. The analysis of the effectiveness of the implementation of the regional state program "Development of agriculture" in the field of production, processing and sale of agricultural products in dynamics over five years has been carried out. The achievement of the program's target indicators for most of the declared indicators has been revealed. The main problems of the region in the implementation of the State program at the current stage are outlined
The role of the breeding and seed center in increasing the profitability of horticulture and nursery
Authors: Tumaeva Tat'yana
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the Selection and Seed Center in the field of fruit and berry crops, created at the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution of the Federal Research Center of Horticulture. The goals of creating the center, the characteristics of its activities are presented, the effects of the center's activities in reducing losses from the death of infected fruit plantings and the cost of producing planting material are considered. The profitability of types of activities in nursery farming was analyzed according to the consolidated financial statements of agricultural organizations. Seedlings of seed crops have the highest profitability, they also have the highest yield. The costs of laying and caring for perennial plantings were analyzed, the dependence of the level of profitability of the products of nurseries of fruit and berry plantations on cost elements per 1 ha was shown. The selection and seed center plays an important role in import substitution, ensures the receipt of more than 500 thousand pieces of planting material of the highest quality categories annually.
FORMATION OF CLUSTER THEORY TO SMOOTH REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Repushevskaya Ol'ga
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of the issue of significant changes in socio-economic development, which led to pronounced inequality, both in society and in the sphere of economic production, and this contributed to the emergence of conflicts on the basis of these disproportions. Cluster theory is currently an integral part of the study of regional economics, so we have proposed a universal theoretical model of a cluster and substantiated the use of general scientific methods of analysis.
DIVERSIFICATION OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY BY MEANS OF DEEPENING INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRIAL COOPERATION
Authors: Nikitina Anzhelika
Published: December 2024

One of the leading mechanisms for the formation of the world economy in recent decades has been the internationalization of trade and economic relations, which allows to significantly reduce production costs and thus increase its competitiveness. This mechanism for establishing international economic ties that dramatically increase the efficiency of national production has been called the International Industrial Cooperation (IPC). Its productivity has been proven by the experience of modern multinational corporations, which ensure the expansion of global production and thus maintain the stability of national economies.
Criteria for selecting the most beautiful villages and towns in Russia and their role in the socio-economic development of rural areas
Authors: Voroncova Natal'ya , Merzlov Alexander
Published: December 2024

The brand "The most beautiful Villages" unites settlements with outstanding rural cultural and natural heritage, whose population strives to use it to improve the quality of life through the development of tourism, agriculture, gastronomy, crafts and trade.
This model has proved to be very successful and has gained supporters in many countries with different levels of development and different cultures. The national associations of the most beautiful villages and towns in France, Italy, Spain, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, Russia, Lebanon, China and other countries are united in the Federation of the most beautiful Villages and Towns in the World. The Federation of the Most Beautiful Villages has become one of the best platforms for the exchange of experience of advanced and proven methods of tourism development in rural areas, a recognized quality mark in the world.
Within the framework of this study, the authors analyzed the criteria for selecting the most beautiful villages of national associations and, based on the studied experience, presented 10 groups of selection criteria for the association of the most beautiful villages and towns in Russia, compliance with which contributes to the socio-economic development of rural areas.
PROBLEMY I PERSPEKTIVY PERERABOTKI DREVESNYKH OTKHODOV V ARKHANGEL'SKOY OBLASTI 76 / 5 000 PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR PROCESSING WOOD WASTE IN THE ARKHANGELSK REGION
Authors: Myraev Igor , Sushko Olga
Published: December 2024

Taking into account these aspects of the current state of the Russian economy, we analyzed the problems and opportunities for using waste from processing wood resources in the country's forestry complex, focusing on the example of one of the key forest regions - the Arkhangelsk region. The object of this study is the processing of wood resources in the Arkhangelsk region. The issue of the increasing volume of wood waste in the Arkhangelsk region has not only become relevant, but also requires the urgent implementation of innovation policy in the forestry sector of the region. To study the current state of formation and bioprocessing of wood waste in the Arkhangelsk region, static data and methods of their processing were used. Qualitative research methods included observation, interviews and testing. Experts and specialists from the region’s forestry sector took part in the panel discussions. As a result of cooperation with experts and specialists from the forestry complex of the Arkhangelsk region, priority areas for processing wood waste using recycling and biorefining methods at enterprises in the region were identified. Biorefining and recycling of wood raw materials and semi-finished products from the forest complex of the Arkhangelsk region are strategically important aspects of forest resource management. These processes are aimed at processing wood waste and by-products, which can significantly reduce the anthropogenic load on the environment and ensure sustainable development of the region. The implementation of recycling and biorefining programs in the Arkhangelsk region opens up new opportunities for local producers, stimulates the creation of new jobs and increases the competitiveness of the region at the national and international levels. The integration of modern technologies and innovative waste treatment methods will allow for the most efficient use of forest resources, ensuring environmental sustainability and economic benefits.
IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IN SEED PRODUCTION AS A FACTOR IN ENSURING FOOD SECURITY OF THE UNION STATE
Authors: Kameneckaya Ol'ga
Published: December 2024

In modern geopolitical conditions, the countries of the Union State – Russia and the Republic of Belarus - face the task of ensuring food security. An essential condition for this is to achieve independence while providing national agricultural producers with seed and planting material produced in the Union State. The countries of the Union State have a large-scale collection of plant samples, an authoritative school of geneticists and breeders, favorable natural and climatic conditions, which makes it possible to produce zoned varieties. However, since the 1990s, the seed industry of the Union State countries has gradually declined, because foreign more highly productive hybrids began to enter the market, for the successful implementation of which foreign firms used the entire arsenal of the marketing system, including a wide network of agricultural managers who were engaged in product promotion. After 2022, as a result of the adoption of a number of regulatory documents, the import of foreign hybrids decreased significantly, and the national breeding and seed production systems of the Union State countries received a new development. For a successful import substitution process in the seed production of the Union State countries, it is necessary to create a favorable institutional environment for all participants in the process, including production, refinement, storage, sale, transportation of seeds, quality control: farmers, breeders, production workers, representatives of the public and private sectors, financial and regulatory authorities; harmonize legislation and organizational and economic mechanism in the field of breeding and seed production.
Regional management in the field of agricultural tourism development in the Russian Federation
Authors: Kabanova Elena
Published: December 2024

The example of European countries, where the share of agricultural producers' revenue from tour-ism services can reach 75% and exceeds that from the average sale of agricultural products, in-spires domestic researchers to search for solutions for the implementation of similar practices in the Russian agro-industrial sector. Due to historical, cultural, territorial and other factors, agricultural tourism has significant prospects in our country. However, this type of activity is in its early stages of development, which is influenced by the fact that only recently the terms "rural tour-ism" and "agritourism" themselves have been reflected in the statistical and legislative activities of government agencies. Although the existing difference in the understanding of these terms by various federal bodies introduces some inaccuracy in the formation of statistical data sets, we nevertheless tried to outline the general contours of the development of agricultural tourism in Russia and assess the dynamics of its development in recent years. In the course of the work, it was established that, in general, the interest of citizens in domestic recreation has increased significantly over the past 10 years due to various factors. However, according to available statis-tics, rural tourism is growing more slowly than the popularity of recreation in the country's cities. The leaders in rural recreation are the Leningrad Region, Krasnodar Krai and Bashkiria. By the number of places in rural hotel rooms - the Leningrad Region, Crimea, Altai, Khakassia and Karachay-Cherkessia. An analysis of cash flows using the example of the Nizhny Novgorod Region showed that other income, which includes income from tourism, does not play a significant role in the financial position of agricultural producers and peasant farms.
INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL THINKING OF MANAGERS AND SPECIALISTS
Authors: Bakalinskiy Igor' , Legostev Andrey , Beresneva Svetlana
Published: December 2024

This article reveals the problems of training specialists and managers of various levels who possess technological thinking and are able to work in the conditions of emerging technological sovereignty. It is proposed to carry out training and retraining of personnel using the innovative technology "Skillant". The main advantages of this technology, features of the implementation algorithm are considered, the experience of its application in the system of additional professional education of the Ural State Mining University is briefly described.
CURRENT ASPECTS OF FACTOR ANALYSIS TO IMPROVE THE STRATEGY OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF TOBACCO ENTERPRIS-ES INDUSTRY
Authors: Bondarenko Dmitriy
Published: December 2024

The article reveals the importance of factor analysis for the development of direc-tions for the growth of economic security of tobacco industry enterprises. The main groups of threats to the economic security of tobacco business entities are identified and their characteristic features are highlighted. The features of the use of factor analysis tools are presented and its advantages as one of the priority analytical tools for identifying reserves for improving business efficiency based on operational differentiation of threats to economic security are disclosed.Directions for improving factor analysis have been developed to increase the rep-resentativeness of the data obtained and substantiate strategic directions for im-proving the level of economic security of tobacco industry entities. The dominants of ensuring the economic security of tobacco industry entities, differentiated by areas of activity, are highlighted.
SPECIALIZED FOREIGN TRADE LOGISTICS ECOSYSTEM AS AN ELEMENT OF INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT FOR THE EXPORT OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
Authors: Govorkov Nikolay
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes modern global trends in the development of the export logistics system. The concept of combining export support institutions into a specialized foreign trade logistics ecosystem to support exporters of agricultural products is considered.
APPLICATION OF NEURAL NETWORK MODELING TO ANALYZE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BUSINESS DECISION MAKING
Authors: Petrova Ol'ga
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the use of neural network modeling in various aspects of business, such as customer behavior analysis, supply chain optimization, financial analysis and personnel management. The emphasis is on the ability of neural networks to analyze and predict based on large amounts of data, thereby improving business decision making. Challenges associated with the implementation of neural networks are also discussed, including requirements for data quality and interpretability of results. Inspired by the structure and function of the human brain, neural network modeling is a powerful tool for analyzing and predicting large data sets. The relevance of this work is due to the fact that decision-making in modern business requires taking into account many factors and variables, where neural networks make it possible to identify trends and patterns, thereby providing more accurate forecasts.
VARIABLE INSTRUMENTS OF REGIONAL POLICY, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES
Authors: Ahmetov Amir
Published: December 2024

The scientific article reveals the current trends in the implementation of social policy at the regional level. The main specific features that need to be taken into account when developing the social policy of the region are systematized. In order to clarify the variable instruments of regional policy, the main vectors of social development were grouped, which focus attention when forming the main provisions of the socio-economic development strategy of the territory. The main methodological approaches are presented to determine the level of social regional development, as well as the effectiveness of the tools used in the implementation of the main directions of territorial policy. The directions of improving the social policy of the region are proposed, depending on social priorities and the list of measures to be used in practice, and the main stages of developing a strategy for the development of the social sphere are highlighted.
Development of the theory of personnel security at the macro and micro levels of the economic system: fundamental principles, basic concepts, modern problems
Authors: Samovarova Elizaveta , Krut' Anatoliy , Mamonov Roman , Yukhachev Sergey
Published: December 2024

the article presents the results of the theoretical substantiation of some provisions of the theory of personnel security at the macro and micro levels of the economic system. The fundamental principles and basic concepts in the field of personnel security have been supplemented and systematized, and modern problems have been formulated. The dynamics of the level of the human development index of the Russian Federation in the period 2012 - 2022 are presented, and statistics on employment and unemployment in 2023 are provided.
The concept of the structuraland systemicre presentation of value sinsolving the tasks of forming the strategy of economic securityof the Russian Federation
Authors: Kuzminov Aleksandr , Voronina Aleksandra , Kuzminova Yulia
Published: December 2024

The objective of the article is to define the formation of an environmentally-oriented socially responsible approach to the design of complex intelligent technical systems to solve the problem of ensuring the economic security of the Russian Federation,which cannot be solved through the use of prevailing engineering-centric methods. In the article, to take into account the potential strengths of existing fundamental values, it is proposed to apply a scientific world view paradigm that allows them to be integrated in to the practice of designing complex intelligent systems based on some common foundation, considered from the stand point of the theoretical construction of technetics
Main institutions of governance and conditions for the development of rural areas
Authors: Adukov Rukhman , Adukova Alevtina
Published: December 2024

The article notes that the main condition for bringing rural areas of Russia out of the crisis and ensuring their competitiveness is the development and full use of the economic and social potential of the rural population. It is shown that the main prerequisites for this include strengthening the institutions of local government and small entrepreneurship in rural areas. An assessment of the state of these institutions is given; it is shown that it does not meet modern requirements. It is revealed that the decisions taken are not aimed at their development, moreover, they have the opposite direction. The reasons for the current situation are listed, their subjective nature is established. It is concluded that for the development of rural areas it is necessary to move away from the established long-term unpromising practice of adopting regulatory legal acts (laws, strategies, state programs, etc.) that do not contribute to the real development of local government and small entrepreneurship in rural areas.
Key words: rural area, governance institutions, agriculture, public administration, local government, small entrepreneurship, economic potential, social potential.
Prospects of Indo-Russian interaction in the context of developing relations with the East
Authors: Kruppo Konstantin
Published: December 2024

Russian-Indian economic cooperation in recent years has been characterized by a significant predominance of Russia in the countries' trade turnover, and has also developed slowly and in an uncertain direction, which cannot be said about relations with China. The recent visit of the Indian Prime Minister to Russia demonstrated the interest of the Indian side in building mutually beneficial relations, and also made it possible to determine the further vector of development. In the course of the work, points of contact of interests of the states will be analyzed, existing projects in various spheres of the economy will be considered and conclusions will be made on the effectiveness of the meeting of the heads of the two countries held this year, and ways of overcoming the existing imbalance in trade will be analyzed.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHEES TO THE ASSESSMENT OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT IN AGRICULTUR
Authors: Semenov Aleksandr
Published: December 2024

The article summarizes the existing methodological approaches to assessing the innovative development of industries. It is proposed to assess the level of innovative development of the agro-industrial complex by comparing the share of the region's indicators in terms of the volume of innovative goods, works, services, the volume of agricultural products and the volume of production of food, drinks and tobacco products in the gross regional product. This made it possible to divide the regions into 9 types. Regional innovation policy depends on the selected type. To assess industry innovation development, we have built cumulative payment curves in connection with the acquisition, creation, modernization, reconstruction and preparation for use of non-current assets carried out by the fifty largest organizations by revenue by type of activity in accordance with OKVED. The largest amount of payments for innovations was made by organizations of the type of activity 01.13.5 "Growing sugar beets and sugar beet seeds" - 10408.97 million rubles, an average of 306.15 million per organization.
Application of professional judgment in accounting compliance control in commercial enterprises
Authors: Pankova Svetlana , Satalkina Elena
Published: December 2024

The research topic is determined by the need, provided by law, to implement internal control over accounting and preparation of financial reporting in economic entities subject to mandatory audit. At the same time, one of the goals of internal control is to verify compliance with the requirements of legislative and regulatory acts by controlled persons - accountants (accounting compliance control). The problem lies in the uncertainty regarding the list of regulatory acts, compliance with the provisions of which must be verified, the need to identify areas and segments of verification, the absence of systematized methodological foundations of accounting compliance control. The purpose of the study is to formulate methodological provisions governing the implementation of accounting compliance control in commercial organizations. The following methods were used in the study: logical, monographic, comparison and contrast, expert. As a result, the principles that a compliance controller should be guided by are proposed, legislative and regulatory acts that are the basis for implementing accounting compliance control are classified by regulation levels, requirements for the professional judgment of the controller and the directions for its formation are defined, and a form of a working document for recording the results of the control performed is proposed. The object of the study is the relations arising during the implementation of accounting compliance control, the subject of the study is the methodology and methods of its implementation. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the development of principles for implementing accounting compliance control, identifying characteristic features and determining the areas of application of the professional judgment of the controller. The classified list of legislative and regulatory frameworks that are the criterion for implementing control, certain categories of compliance controllers and the proposed form of the working document are of practical importance.
A METHOD TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF REMOVING HAZARDS FROM PLASMA CUTTING POSTS
Authors: Zaycev O. , Sivachenko Y.
Published: December 2024

The article considers a way to increase the efficiency of localization and removal of hazards from plasma cutting posts, and also proposes a design of a coaxial local exhaust device activated by a supply radial jet to remove hazards from plasma cutting and welding posts. The use of this method of removing hazards helps to solve the problem of improving the quality of the microclimate at plasma cutting stations with a wide range of processed metals of various thicknesses and chemical compositions. To reduce the risks for the working staff due to the harmfulness of the substances released during the metal cutting process. It is studied how the activation of local suction by a supply radial jet affects the increase in the axial velocity of the suction flow, and the range of operation of the device at specified air flow rates and the range of effective suction characterized by axial velocity are determined. The hypothesis of increasing the suction spectrum by creating a limiting plane to reduce the point drain during operation of the exhaust device has been tested. The paper presents the results of experimental studies, the regression dependence of the axial velocity depending on the distance from the suction coaxial exhaust device depending on the set air flow. It is established that the exhaust device of the proposed design shows stable operating parameters over the entire range of specified flow rates (there is no negative influence of suction and limiting flows) for a technical solution in which the ratio of limiting and removing flow β = 1 is established.
Kayseri ili nohut ekim alanlarında nohut yapraksineği [Liriomyza cicerina Rondani (Diptera: Agromyzidae)]’nin yaygınlığı, bulaşıklık oranı ve popülasyon dalgalanması
Authors: Özkan Ahmet , Muştu Murat
Published: December 2024

Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) , insan beslenmesinde önem taşıyan bitkisel kaynaklı besinler arasında yer almaktadır. Özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde, beslenme ihtiyaçlarını gidermek için tüketilen uygun fiyatlı bitkisel protein kaynakları arasındadır. İnsan beslenmesinin yanında nohut, toprak verimliliği yönünden önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Nohut verimini etkileyen önemli faktörler arasında zararlılar, hastalıklar ve yabancı otlar gibi canlı etmenler ile kuraklık, donma, düşük ve yüksek sıcaklıklar ile tuzluluk gibi cansız etmenler bulunmaktadır. Bu etmenler arasında nohut yapraksineği bitkide verim ve kaliteyi etkileyen ana zararlı konumundadır. Çalışmamız Kayseri ilinde 2022 üretim yılında nohut bitkisinin önemli zararlılarından Liriomyza cicerina Rondani (Diptera: Agromyzidae)’nın yaygınlığının, bulaşıklık oranının ve popülasyon dalgalanmasının tespiti amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yapılan gözlemler sonucunda, Liriomyza cicerina’nın nohut ekimi yapılan tüm ilçelerde bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Liriomyza cicerina’nın ilk erginlerinin Mayıs ayının ikinci haftasından itibaren çıkmaya başladığı, Haziran ayının üçüncü haftası itibariyle artış gösterdiği bu artışın Temmuz ayının üçüncü haftası itibariyle tekrarlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilere göre söz konusu zararlının Kayseri ili iklim koşullarında yılda 2 döl verdiği düşünülmektedir. Farklı lokasyonlardan toplanarak kültüre alınan bulaşık bitki örneklerinden zararlının parazitoiti olarak Opius monilicornis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)’in teşhisi yapılmıştır. Bulaşıklık oranı çalışmalarında, 15 ilçe de sörvey yapılmış olup bulaşıklık oranları sırasıyla; Felahiye %76, Özvatan %74, Yahyalı %72, Bünyan %70, Develi %70, Pınarbaşı %68, Kocasinan %64, İncesu %64, Talas %64, Yeşilhisar %58, Melikgazi %56, Sarıoğlan %56, Tomarza %46, Akkışla %44 ve Sarız %42 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bulaşıklık oranının en yüksek olduğu ilçe Felahiye (%76) en düşük olduğu ilçe ise Sarız (%42) olmuştur.
Antagonistic potential of Fusarium oxysporum as an endophyte isolated from Horse-chestnut tree in the management of Rhizoctonia solani under in-vitro conditions
Authors: Arif Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Symbiotic relationships are established by endophytic microorganisms with their host, resulting in the provision of diverse advantages, such as protection against plant pathogens. Soil-borne pathogens have become a devastating source of infection in many plant species. The environmentally friendly approaches are scare in managing these soil-borne pathogens. This study was aimed to manage one soil-borne pathogen (Rhizoctonia solani) by employing another fungal endophyte (Fusarium oxysporum) via mean inhibition zone technique. The fungal endophyte was isolated from horse-chestnut tree leaves. The R. solani was extracted from the vegetable’s plants showing typical symptoms of root rot and damping off. Both endophyte and pathogen were grown on suitable culture media. The antagonistic activity of collected endophyte for soil-borne pathogen was checked via mean inhibition zone technique under in-vitro condition. The diversity indices and isolation frequency analysis revealed that this tree specie has versatile endophytic range. The results from the dual culture experiment assessing the antagonistic activity of endophyte against the soil-borne pathogen (R. solani) revealed a significant (P <0.001) impact of the endophyte, evaluation times, and the interaction between endophyte and evaluation times on the size of the pathogen colony. The endophyte exhibited a substantial decrease in pathogen development compared to the control, except between days 11 and 15 after inoculation. The data indicate that F. oxysporum contains endophytic potential, which might be investigated for potential biocontrol agents against other soil-borne diseases.
OPTIMIZATION OF BIODIESEL-ETHANOL BLENDS FOR IMPROVED ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND REDUCED EMISSIONS IN COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINES
Authors: Singh Gajendra , Bentham John Robins , Kumar Kapil , Singh Priyanka , Kumar Kshitij , Murtaja Mohd , Kumar Vijai
Published: December 2024

Alternative and sustainable fuel sources must be investigated due to the increasing demand for energy and the depletion of fossil fuel stocks. The utilization of biodiesel-ethanol blends stabilized with ethyl acetate as diesel replacements in compression ignition engines is examined in this study. Stable blends of biodiesel and ethanol (2000 proof) were made and tested, and karanja oil was used as the biodiesel source. A 3.74 kW diesel engine was used to assess many factors, such as fuel characteristics, engine performance, and exhaust pollutants. The created blends performed similarly to diesel, according to the results, with stable combustion and acceptable emissions profiles. Particular results included 3.674–3.684 kW of brake power, 2.003–2.071 l/h of fuel consumption, and lower nitric oxide (NO) emissions when compared to pure diesel. These findings affirm the potential of biodiesel-ethanol blends as viable alternatives to conventional diesel, contributing to energy sustainability and reduced environmental impact.
SHAPING LEADERSHIP: THE EFFECTS OF ONLINE TEACHING ON ACADEMIC LEADERS IN INDIAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Singh Jyoti , Srivastava Rajlaxmi
Published: December 2024

The study investigates teachers’ perceptions of online classes since the onset of the COVID-19 lockdown on March 25, 2020. It explores the transition from traditional education to EdTech and online assessment within the Indian educational system. The objective is to evaluate which of the demographic characteristics of academic leaders impact their adaptation to online teaching and to identify the challenges encountered during this transition. A quantitative approach was utilized, involving a demographic survey of 327 educators across India from public and private colleges. Data were collected through a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, with reliability assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Statistical analyses, including t-tests and ANOVA with Duncan's Multiple Range Test, were conducted using IBM SPSS 25 to ensure precision. The results revealed that among the six demographic factors examined—age, gender, marital status, educational qualification, income level, and organization—only age, income, and educational qualification significantly affect the adoption of online teaching by faculty members in higher education institutions. Conversely, organization, marital status, and gender do not significantly influence the adoption of online teaching. These findings are pertinent for regulatory authorities and academic leaders as they revise policy frameworks, develop strategic initiatives, and establish technical infrastructures to facilitate the adoption of EdTech. Additionally, the insights gained can guide improvements in training and resources, particularly for institutions aiming to integrate online teaching into regular practice
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PRACTICES IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS IN INDIA
Authors: Chopra Aarti , Khan Salim , Ekta Ekta
Published: December 2024

The essential purpose behind Corporate Social Responsibility is to cooperate other pro-social aspirations and improvise reputation. Conventional CSR objectives involve depreciating environmental degradation, encouraging volunteerism among the employees, and bequeathing welfare. Corporate social responsibility is a self-adjusting enterprise design that supports organizations as humanly, socially culpable to themselves, their stakeholders, and the populace they are associated with and living around. The intention of the research is to analyze the corporate social responsibility initiatives in India and comparing the initiatives by the public and the private sector. The paper opts empirical methodology to conduct a survey based on certain questionnaire and it was evaluated that the private sector is more actively participating in CSR and related social welfare activities as it was demonstrated from the survey that the private sector highly indulges in every stream and compasses the infrastructure, environment protection, education and health sector as well as rural development.
The Influence of Economic Pressure, Social Capital, and Coping Strategies on Fishers's Family Well-being
Authors: Djakiman Rapida , Sunarti Euis , Krisnatuti Diah
Published: December 2024

Fish families are vulnerable to poverty. The vulnerability of fishermen’s families leads to economic pressure that can reduce family well-being. This study aimed to analyze the influence of economic pressure, social capital, and coping strategies on the well-being of fishers. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Aru Islands Regency, Maluku Province, Japan. The sample consisted of 50 skipper fisher families and 50 laborer families. Sampling was performed using snowball sampling. The data were processed using descriptive tests, independent sample t-tests, and structural equation modeling (SEM) tests. This research revealed that labor fisher families' economic pressures were higher than those of skipper fisher families. The social capital of skippers and laborers was classified as a low category. The coping strategies of the skipper and laborer fisher families were classified as in the moderate category. The well-being of skipper fisher families was higher than that of labor-fisher families. Economic pressure has a direct negative influence on fishers’ well-being. Social capital has a direct negative influence on fishers’ well-being. The research implication is that the well-being of a fisher's family can be increased by increasing social capital.