bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxicity of dental cement on soft tissue associated with dental implants at different time intervals
Authors: Bajantri Prashanth , Rodrigues Shobha J. , Kabekkodu Shama Prasada , Bajaj Akshar , Hegde Puneeth , Mukherjee Sandipan , Saldanha Sharon , Mandatheje Mahesh , Shetty B Thilak , Pai Umesh Y. , Sales Ann , Kamath Vignesh
Published: December 2023

Background To investigate and compare the effect of four commercially used dental cement at 24 hours, 48 hours,72 hours (h) and 6 days on the cellular response of human gingival fibroblast (HGF). Methods 3 cement pellet samples were made for each 4-test cement (n=12). The cement used for this study were zinc phosphate (ZP), zinc oxide non-eugenol (ZOE), RelyX U200 (RU200), and glass ionomer cement (GIC). The cytotoxicity of peri-implant tissues was investigated using one commercial cell line. All processing was done following International Organization for Standardization (ISO) methods 10993-5 and 10993-12 (MTT assay Test). Cell cultures without dental cement were considered as control. Standard laboratory procedures were followed to permit cell growth and confluence over 48 hrs after sub-cultivation. Before being subjected to analysis, the cells were kept in direct contact with the cement samples for the suggested time period. To validate the results the specimens were tested three times each. Cell death and inhibition of cell growth were measured quantitatively. Results were analyzed using 1-way ANOVA (a=0.05) followed by Tukey B post hoc test. Results The study showed the dental cement test material was cytotoxic. ZOE, ZP, GIC, and RU200 were cytotoxic in decreasing order, respectively, significantly reducing cell viability after exposure to HGF (p <0.001). Conclusions Within the limitations of this in-vitro cellular study, results indicated that HGF were vulnerable to the test the dental cement. The highest cytotoxicity was observed in ZOE, followed by ZP, GIC, and RU200.
Social exclusion and its impact on health over the life course: A realist review protocol
Authors: Siersbaek Rikke , O'Donnell Chris , Parker Sarah , Ford John , Burke Sara , Ní Cheallaigh Clíona
Published: December 2023

Background Social exclusion is a process whereby certain individuals are born into or pushed to the margins of society and prevented from participating in social, cultural, economic, and political life. People who experience social exclusion are not afforded the same rights and privileges as other population groups. Socially excluded people often experience poorer outcomes in a variety of domains including health, education, employment, and housing than people with socio-economic privilege. People experiencing social exclusion frequently have higher and more complex health needs and poorer access to healthcare than the general population. The aim of this study is to better understand and explain how social exclusion occurs and how it impacts health over the life course. Methods A realist review will be undertaken. Data will be collected via a systematic search of databases of peer-reviewed literature and further iterative searches of peer-reviewed and other literatures as needed. The following data bases will be searched: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and ASSIA, using both indexed subject headings in each database and relevant key words. Grey literature will be searched via Google Scholar and relevant websites of organisations that work with populations affected by social exclusion. Conclusion A realist review will be conducted to explain the underlying societal mechanisms which produce social exclusion and related health outcomes in particular contexts affecting excluded population groups across the life course. The study has the potential to inform policy makers and service managers of how and why social exclusion occurs and potential key intervention points to prevent exclusion from happening.
Mixing Labor, Taking Possession, and Libertarianism: Response to Walter Block
Authors: Dominiak Łukasz
Published: December 2023

In his recent rejoinder to my paper Walter Block argues that only the Lockean labor-mixing theory of first acquisition is compatible with libertarianism. Block’s claim is in turn directed against a position held by me in the said paper that it is the first possession theory of original appropriation that is a better fit for libertarianism. Upon reading Block’s rejoinder and thinking intensely about this issue, in the present paper I agree with Block and disagree with my former self, accepting the view that it isindeed the Lockean labor-mixing theory that should be embraced by libertarians. This verdict is mainly motivated by the following arguments that I develop in detail in the paper: (1) no libertarian arguments against the labor-mixing theory seem to work, (2) the first possession theory is unable (contrary to the labor-mixing theory) to accommodate the idea of original appropriation tracking objective links between actors andthings; (3) the labor-mixing theory better fits our intuitions about justice in property acquisition. However, in order not to make things too easy for Block, I also argue that there are some surprising and problematic consequences of adopting the labor-mixing account. I am fully prepared to accept them. The question is whether so is Block.
IMPACT OF SPECTRAL SHIFT QUALITY (SSQ) ON FIBRE OPTIC SENSOR READINGS IN REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS
Authors: JAYAWICKREMA U. M. N. , HERATH H. M. C. M. , HETTIARACHCHI N. K. , SOORIYAARACHCHI H. P. , BANERJEE S. , EPAARACHCHI J. A.
Published: December 2023

Efficient maintenance and health monitoring programs prevent irreversible damage to critical civil infrastructures and save millions of dollars of taxpayer’s money. The precision of the sensors and the volume of the experimental data collected are extremely important factors in the actual testing of structural health monitoring systems. Distributed fibre optic sensors (DOFS), currently being used extensively in civil structures for structural response measurements. However, DOFS suffers from exceeding its measurable range of strain when applied to concrete structures after initiation of cracks which cause erroneous data in the data stream. This phenomenon can be identified by using spectral shift quality (SSQ) levels of the measurements. Therefore, an experimental plan was proposed with representative size reinforced concrete (RC) beam to study the effect of SSQ on DOFS (SMF 28) readings. A RC beam with a dimension of 4000 mm × 200 mm × 400 mm was cast with embedded DOFS rebar sensor for the tension side. After the curing period, DOFS surface sensor was attached to concrete bottom surface. The beam was tested under flexural loading up to a maximum load of 160 kN until the beam failure. Four-point bending arrangement was used to test the beam and the measurements were taken in 10 kN intervals by using an optical backscattered reflectometer (OBR 4600). The SSQ should theoretically have a value between zero and one. The manufacturer of OBR 4600 recommended to remove any data with an SSQ of equal or less than 0.15, and the same threshold was applied in the study. Due to the crack initiation on bottom surface, SSQ reached 0.15 threshold after 40 kN load and for subsequent loadings for bottom surface sensor. This means that the sensor can be utilized until a load of 40 kN, which is 25% of the maximum load. However, experimental findings reveal that rebar attached DOFS SSQ values are within an acceptable range until 80% elastic limit strain. The rebar sensors functioned until 120 kN of loading, or 75 % of the maximum loading. Consequently, it can be noted that DOFS operate well with rebars and that SSQ had no effect on the results until 80% of elastic limit. However, the influence of SSQ on the concrete surface sensor was notably substantial. Therefore, it is warranted to pay a closer attention to the DOFs sensor readings after formation of hairline cracks on the attached concrete surfaces.
Alleviating Court Congestion: The Case of the Jerusalem District Court
Authors: Azaria Shany , Ronen Boaz , Shamir Noam
Published: December 2023

This paper investigates court congestion through a field study conducted at the Jerusalem District Court in Israel, aiming to reduce case processing time by adapting successful operational concepts to this unique environment. Using a modified difference-in-differences approach, the study suggests a notable 46.1% reduction in the duration of the treated part of the judicial process, demonstrating the efficacy of operational management tools in alleviating court congestion without compromising process quality or requiring additional resources.
Personal Taxes and Firm Skill Hiring: Evidence from 27 Million Job Postings
Authors: Campello Murillo , Gao Janet , Xu Qiping
Published: December 2023

Using big data on U.S. job postings, we show that firms increase skill requirements when hiring workers in states that cut personal income taxes. We trace a significant driver of this effect to companies’ reallocation of skilled job postings across states based on tax differentials. The tax-induced upskilling is observed within occupations and is more pronounced for high-skill positions within firms. It is accompanied and amplified by concurrent increases in information technology expenditures at local-level establishments. In characterizing the mechanism at play, we show that job upskilling is triggered by tax changes affecting middle- and upper middle-class workers. It is pronounced for high-growth firms, for firms in tradable industries, and in urban areas, but it is mitigated among profitable firms. A narrative-based analysis helps us establish causal inferences.

This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance.

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01211 .
A SUPERAÇÃO DA RACIONALIDADE PUNITIVA TRADICIONAL COMO CONDIÇÃO PARA A EFETIVIDADE DA INTRODUÇÃO NORMATIVA DA JUSTIÇA RESTAURATIVA NO DIREITO PENAL JUVENIL
Authors: De Lamare Bruno Jacoby , Costa Ana Paula Motta
Published: December 2023

No Brasil, apesar da consagração normativa da doutrina da proteção integral, significativa parcela dos operadores jurídicos segue atuando no direito penal juvenil sob à influência cultural da era menorista da intervenção tutelar. Da mesma forma, no universo penal adulto, apesar de inovações legislativas recentes terem introduzido formas alternativas de resolução de conflitos, significativa parcela dos operadores jurídicos insiste em valorar os novos institutos a partir dos mesmos dogmas que fundamentam a intervenção penal tradicional. Neste contexto, considerando-se a relevância da Justiça Restaurativa para o direito penal juvenil e diante da perspectiva de breve regulação legal do instituto no Brasil, questiona-se em que medida o exame da efetividade daquelas inovações normativas pode fornecer lições para a adequação do instituto à doutrina da proteção integral. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo teórico, realizado por meio da análise do substrato normativo pertinente e seus referenciais teóricos. Indicou-se ser necessário que, em comparação àquelas alterações legislativas, a regulação das práticas restaurativas na seara juvenil rompa em maior medida com a racionalidade penal tradicional. Ressalva-se, ainda, que, se os operadores jurídicos não desvincularam-se de sua tradição legalista e inquisitorial, mesmo iniciativas legislativas formalmente adequadas não servirão para suprimir ou atenuar a intervenção penal, mas para ampliá-la.
O “LIBERALISMO INCLUSIVO” DE CHRISTOPHER WOLFE: uma análise da liberdade argumentativa nos debates públicos à luz do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro
Authors: De Brito Filho José Claudio Monteiro , Pinheiro Victor Sales , Do Nascimento Juliana Oliveira Eiró
Published: December 2023

Este artigo analisa a liberdade argumentativa nos debates públicos, nos moldes propostos por Christopher Wolfe em um modelo liberal inclusivo, à luz do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. O objetivo é perquirir em que medida a liberdade de expor todos os tipos de razões em debates públicos, defendida no liberalismo inclusivo de Christopher Wolfe, possui aplicabilidade no Brasil. O estudo contribui com uma analise da possibilidade de aplicar, no Brasil, a proposta de um liberalismo mais inclusivo no âmbito dos debates públicos, conforme defende o autor, visto que, atualmente, é possível constatar uma carência de reflexões sobre a temática. Por fim, a pesquisa conclui que a ideia defendida pelo autor, apesar de possuir uma maior possibilidade de aplicação no contexto norte-americano, no Brasil não pode ser plenamente sustentada, necessitando de algumas adaptações. Para tanto, utiliza-se o método hipotético-dedutivo, com uma análise documental e bibliográfica e uma abordagem qualitativa do tema.
On the mutation loops of valued quivers
Authors:   The University of Wisconsin Whitewater, Saleh Ibrahim
Published: December 2023

A mutation loop of a valued quiver, Q, is a combination of quiver automorphisms and mutations that sends Q to itself. Moreover, it will be called symmetric if it sends Q to εσ(Q),ε∈{−1,1} for some permutation σ. A global mutation loop of Q is a mutation loop that is symmetric for every quiverin the mutation class of Q. This class of relations contains all the relations of the global mutations group yield from the group actionon the mutation class of Q. We identify which quivers have global mutation loops and provide some of them for each case.
Centralizers of Jacobian derivations
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Efimov Danil , Petravchuk Anatoliy ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Sydorov Maksym ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: December 2023

Let K be an algebraically closed field of characte-ristic zero, K[x,y] the polynomial ring in variables x, y and let W2(K) be the Lie algebra of all K-derivations on K[x,y]. A derivation D∈W2(K) is called a Jacobian derivation if there exists f∈K[x,y] such that D(h)=det J(f,h) for any h∈K[x,y] (hereJ(f,h) is the Jacobian matrix for f and h). Such a derivation is denoted by Df. The kernel of Df in K[x,y] is a subalgebra K[p] where p=p(x,y) is a polynomial of smallest degree such that f(x,y)=φ(p(x,y) for some φ(t)∈K[t]. Let C=CW2(K)(Df) be the centralizer of Df in W2(K). We prove that C is the free K[p]-module of rank 1 or 2 over K[p] and point out a criterion of being a module of rank 2. These results are used to obtain a classof integrable autonomous systems of differential equations.
Procurement's vital role in mitigating cyber security risks
Authors: Snover Conrad
Published: December 2023

Organisations are heavily dependent on their supply chains and partners. But those third parties can also be the source of serious security vulnerabilities. When it comes to selecting partners and vendors, it's time to engage the services of a chief procurement officer, working alongside the IT department, to help ensure that your organisation's safety isn't undermined by your procurement activities.
Qualitative study on the key elements of obesity counseling in Korean Medicine
Authors: Kim Sungha , Chung Seung Eun , Han Kyungsun , Choi Sunmi , Lee Jun-Hwan
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Weight counseling is an inevitable process for patients with obesity who intend to lose weight; however, the contents of real-world counseling practices remain uncertain in Korean medicine (KM) practice. This study aimed to explore the structure and constituents of obesity counseling in KM.Methods: Qualitative methods were used to explore the structure of weight counseling and clinicians' approaches to weight counseling, particularly the advice and main constituents of weight counseling in KM. Nine KM clinicians (4 women, 5 men) from nine clinics completed face-to-face, individual and semi-structured interviews from September 2019 to February 2020 in Seoul, Daejeon, Cheonan, Seongnam, Asan, and Hwaseoug. The interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and categorized based on their constituents.Results: During weight loss counseling, the six principal constituents of KM identified were: planning with patients, motivation, correcting misinformation on weight loss, dietary and exercise advice, medication guidance, and customized guides for each type.Conclusion: Clinicians with in-depth knowledge about obesity prescribed personalized guidance for exercise, diet, and medication through an integrative approach. The study results provide an in-depth understanding of weight counseling in KM. These six constituents could guide the counseling provided by clinicians in obesity care.
Management of asymptomatic to mild COVID-19 patients with Cheongpebaedok-tang on the telemedical basis: A retrospective observational case series
Authors: Kang Sung-Woo , Kim Kwan-Il , Song Mideok , Roh Jinhwan , Cho Namhun , Ko Heung , Son Sung-Se , Jeong Minjeong , Choi Jun-Yong , Kwon Ojin , Ha Seojung , Jung Hee-Jae , Lee Beom-Joon
Published: December 2023

Objectives: This retrospective observational study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of Cheongpebaedok-tang, a traditional Korean herbal medicine, provided via telemedicine to patients with asymptomatic to mild COVID-19 in Korea.Methods: From February to April 2020, a retrospective analysis investigated COVID-19 patients treated via Korean telemedicine. The study involved asymptomatic to mild cases receiving Cheongpebaedok-tang more than three times, along with continuous Korean medicine care in convalescence. Diagnoses and treatment adhered to the telemedicine guidelines of the Association of Korean Medicine, with varied Cheongpebaedok-tang prescriptions based on symptom severity. Symptom evaluation involved a detailed assessment using a 15-item tool at initial and final sessions.Results: The study included 27 patients, with a mean age of 48.7 ± 2.3 years (mean ± standard error). Patients began self-administering oral Cheongpebaedok-tang for an average of 19.4 ± 1.8 days after the date of COVID-19 diagnosis confirmation and continued the medication for 15.8 ± 1.2 days. The reported side effects of the Cheongpebaedok-tang included palpitations (11.1%), insomnia (7.4%), dizziness (3.7%), and diarrhea (3.7%). All side effects disappeared after adjusting the prescription according to standard treatment guidelines. The occurrence of all COVID-19-related adverse symptoms, except fatigue and myalgia, decreased. Fatigue was the most common chronic symptom persisting after 6 months (51.9%), followed by ocular symptoms (37.0%) and sore throat (22.2%).Conclusions: This study implies Cheongpebaedok-tang may offer a potentially safe, symptom-alleviating approach for managing mild COVID-19 cases via telemedicine, although further comprehensive research is warranted.
The Necessity of Education in Response to Technological Advancements and Future Environmental Changes: A Comparison of Korean Medicine Doctors and Students
Authors: Park Yu Seong , Lee Kyeong Heon , Jeong Hye In , Kim Kyeong Han
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The medical field is rapidly evolving with AI and digital technologies like AI-based X-ray analysis and digital therapeutics gaining approval. Telemedicine is becoming prominent, and medical schools are adapting by integrating AI education. Pusan National University leads a talent training project for AI in health. Korean Medicine is incorporating AI with diagnostic systems and chatbots. However, there's a lack of research on education awareness in Korean Medicine Colleges. The study aims to assess opinions on integrating AI, digital therapeutics, and DNA test into the Korean medicine college curriculum for improved education.Methods: We selected appropriate four specific areas: artificial intelligence in medicine, digital therapeutics, DNA test, and telemedicine. The questionnaire developed for this study underwent expert evaluation and was subsequently administered to registered KMDs of the Association of Korean Medicine, as well as students from 12 Korean Medicine universities. The survey was designed to analyze the awareness and perceived importance of the 4 areas.Results: Both KMDs and Korean medicine students exhibited comparable awareness levels across the four objectives. Notably, both groups identified a high educational necessity and importance of artificial intelligence in medicine for clinical settings. Statistically significant differences were observed between KMDs and students in their perspectives on the importance of telemedicine and DNA test in the Korean medicine field, the educational necessity of DNA test within Korean medicine universities, and the need for comprehension of regulations related to digital therapeutics.Conclusion: The survey of Korean medicine professionals and students underscores a strong understanding of key areas such as Telemedicine, medical AI, DNA test, and digital therapeutics. Medical AI is identified as crucial for future education. There's a consensus on the need for curriculum changes in Korean medicine schools, particularly in adapting to evolving healthcare trends. The focus should be on practical clinical application, with a call for additional research to better integrate student and practitioner perspectives in future curriculum reform discussions.
A Case Report of an Elderly Patient with Psoriasis Treated with Jeongri-tang Gagam-bang: Focus on Digestive System Treatment
Authors: Han Do Kyung , An Won Gun
Published: December 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to report the efficacy of Korean medicine with Jeongri-tang Gagam-bang for treating psoriasis.Methods: A patient with psoriasis was treated with Jeongri-tang Gagam-bang (正理湯加減方). Moreover, acupuncture was performed on CV12 (中脘) and both sides of ST25 (天樞), GV20 (百會), LI4 (合谷), and LR3 (太衝) for 15 minutes. Psoriasis severity was assessed using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). Pruritis and dyspepsia intensities were ranked on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) of 0–10.Results: After treatment, the PASI changed from 21.6 to 1.6. Patient’s pruritus had almost disappeared and dyspepsia had improved.Conclusions: This study shows that Jeongri-tang Gagam-bang (正理湯加減方) and acupuncture on CV12 (中脘), ST25 (天樞), GV20 (百會), LI4 (合谷), and LR3 (太衝) might be helpful to treat psoriasis symptoms by improving digestive function.
Herbal medicine Eunkyo-san (Yinqiao-san) for COVID-19: A telemedicine case series
Authors: Won Jiyoon , Yang Changsop , Lee Seungho , Lee He-Sol , Kim Sungha
Published: December 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases surged across South Korea during the omicron-variant wave. We aimed to report the effectiveness of herbal medicine administered through telemedicine consultations as an adjunctive therapy for COVID-19. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were self-isolating at home were provided telephone consultations through a Korean Medicine clinic between January and March 2022. On the basis of their dominant symptoms, the patients were prescribed Eunkyo-san for seven days. Patients were asked to evaluate the severity of their COVID-19 symptoms before and after treatment by numeric rating scale. Of ten patients, more than half of them reported cough, fever, headache, and sore throat on the first telephone consultation. Patients reported that all symptoms related to COVID-19 disappeared completely on the second consultation. No severe adverse events were identified. The results of this case series suggest that Eunkyo-san administration can be a beneficial adjunctive therapy for patients with COVID-19.
A Review of Current Clinical Research on Herbal Monotherapy for Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19)
Authors: Shon Jee Won , Han Do Kyung , An Won Gun
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of traditional herbal medicine as a stand-alone treatment group through major English databases due to the lack of RCTs in Korea, and to provide a review of the herbal interventions used.Methods: Using four databases (Pubmed, EMBASE, OASIS, RISS), combination of words such as “Coronavirus” “RCT” “Herb” “Decoction” “TCM” were used. RCTs using herbal medicines to treat coronavirus were searched. Final 4 studies were selected by two authors according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: A total of 1,435 patients were studied. The Chinese herbs used in the treatment group were Shengmai Yin, JingYinGuBiao granules, Jinhua Qinggan granules, and Bufei Huoxue capsules. The intervention group showed greater attenuation of pneumonia lesions on CT. Also, improvement in 6-min walk distance (6MWD), and negative conversion rate in treatment group were reported. Furthermore, scores on the Fatigue Assessment Inventory (FAI) were lower in the herbal group than in the placebo group. The median time to recovery of COVID-19 related symptoms was shorter in TCM group compared to the control group. Reported adverse effects were diarrhea, liver dysfunction, and excessive menstruation, and two papers did not mention side effects in detail.Conclusion: Herbal medicine alone can increase the conversion rate of viral negativity and relieve COVID-19 related symptoms without significant adverse effects.
Barriers and Facilitators to Implementation of a Child Care Center-Based Produce Delivery Program
Authors: Keeton Victoria F. , Yu Symone Magsombol , Al-Lami Nadia , Ramilo Kristine , Chavez Lilly , Angila Eliza
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Background: Regular consumption of produce is a challenge for families with young children in low food access areas. Objective: A community partnership formed to evaluate feasibility of and interest in a child care center-based program for produce delivery from an online grocery vendor. Methods: Surveys were collected from caregivers across three child care centers, including produce program participants. Descriptive statistics summarize household characteristics and participants' experience with the program. Results: Challenges related to online payment and difficulty planning delivery times led to implementation of a modified intervention. Survey results revealed factors related to food access and storage that may impact interest and feasibility of online grocery in some communities. Conclusions: Online grocery vendors may increase accessibility to fresh produce for families, but barriers to their use still exist. Trusted community partners such as child care centers may offer some of the resources needed for success.
Neighborhood Assessment of the Environment for Physical Activity: Engaging Adolescents Within an Under-resourced Community
Authors: Bopp Melissa , Bose Mallika , Elliott Lucas D. , Washington Natisha , Needer Paula
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Background: Physical activity (PA) participation has many benefits; however, rates of participation remain low, particularly among underserved populations which may face low PA participation due to having poorer quality of built environment factors which is a known influence on activity levels. Objectives: To train adolescents to conduct environmental neighborhood assessments and neighborhood resident surveys of with the end goal of encouraging advocacy for neighborhood improvements. Methods: This mixed methods, prospective design study was focused in a low-income, under-resourced, predominately African American neighborhood in Pittsburgh. Adolescents ( n = 14; 13–17 years) in a community partner's youth program were trained to conduct neighborhood environmental assessments and distributed neighborhood resident surveys. Results of these assessments were shared with community partners to create strategies for improvement. These adolescents participated in a focus group following the environmental assessments to reflect on their findings and the process. The neighborhood resident survey ( n = 123) assessed demographics, perceptions of the neighborhood, PA participation and health outcomes. Results: Neighborhood assessments noted and resident surveys noted many barriers to activity (i.e., poor sidewalks, unsafe areas). Results were informative for our community partner to advocate for neighborhood improvements. Focus group results indicated that the adolescents understood how their neighborhood environment could influence PA and how the findings could be utilized to make improvements in their neighborhood. Conclusions: Adolescents can be successfully trained/educated to follow a research protocol for assessing the built environment for PA using a variety of measurement tools, while additionally gaining insight towards neighborhood environment advocacy.
Megahertz detection of spectroscopic polarization by a time-encoded supercontinuum vector beam
Authors: Inoue Yukihiro , Ogawa Juri , Morita Hiroki , Sakaue Kazuyuki , Wakayama Toshitaka , Higashiguchi Takeshi
Published: December 2023

We demonstrated a 40-MHz detection of spectroscopic polarization by a supercontinuum vector beam with a wavelength-dependent polarization state. To achieve the high-repetition-rate measurement, we detected the rotation angle of polarization and the spectrum by measuring the temporal waveform using a photodetector after expanding the pulse duration of the supercontinuum vector beam. The spectrum of the supercontinuum vector beam was measured using a spectrometer. We compared it with the temporal waveforms, confirming a good agreement of spectra between the conventional spectrometer and the temporal waveforms. The detection method is useful for many applications requiring high-repetition-rate spectroscopic-polarization measurements, such as the defect inspection of thin optical materials.
Experimental study and mechanism analysis of a pulsed laser cleaning aluminum alloy process
Authors: Zhou Li , Zhao Haichao , Zhang Qing , Wang Qianrui , Ma Guozheng , Qiao Yulin , Wang Haidou
Published: December 2023

A pulse laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm and a pulse width of 1 µs was used to experiment on the coating of a 2024 aluminum alloy surface. The removal performance of the pulse laser cleaning coating was explored by a single factor analysis and orthogonally conditions, and the effects of the laser power, scanning speed, and pulse frequency on the quality of laser coating removal were summarized. The mechanisms of pulse laser cleaning the coating were studied. The results show that the three parameters of the laser power, scanning speed, and pulse frequency have different effects on the quality of laser coating removal. Among them, with the increase of the scanning speed and pulse frequency, the quality of laser cleaning first increases and then decreases, respectively. With the increase in laser power, the quality of laser cleaning increases. A good laser cleaning quality can be achieved at the laser power of 16.5 W, a scanning speed of 600 mm/s, and a pulse frequency of 30 kHz. The laser cleaning coating involves a variety of mechanisms such as combustion, explosion, gasification, thermal vibration stripping, and laser plasma impact. The result can provide practical references for a better searching of the paint removal.
Mask correction method for surface plasmon lithography
Authors: Ma Le , Zhang Libin , He Jianfang , Ding Huwen , Wei Yayi
Published: December 2023

Surface plasmon lithography (SPL) has emerged as an innovative approach to nano-fabrication, offering an alternative to traditional patterning methods. To enhance its pattern fidelity in manufacturing, it is essential to incorporate mask correction to reduce critical dimension (CD) errors between the intended target features and the photoresist image. Traditionally, the aerial image of SPL has been modeled and simulated using methods such as finite difference time domain (FDTD) or rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA). These models have allowed us to obtain aerial images of the mask patterns. However, relying solely on the aerial image proves insufficient for meeting the rigorous manufacturing standards for mask correction. In our research, we propose a comprehensive model that combines the optical model, employing the FDTD method, and the resist model, tailored to the specific surface plasmon lithography process. Test patterns were meticulously designed with a target CD of 130 nm, and the model was applied to simulate these test patterns, producing the after-development image (ADI) under predefined process conditions. Following a thorough analysis and data processing of the test patterns and ADI data, we established rule tables for the correction of both 1D line patterns and line end patterns. The simulation results unequivocally demonstrate the improved CD error performance achieved by the post-corrected patterns.
Real-time ghost imaging algorithm on the multidimensional vector matrix Walsh transformation with spatiotemporal free-fps
Authors: Feng Shengqi , Sang Aijun , Li Xiaoni , Liu Weiye
Published: December 2023

In this research, we propose a real-time spatiotemporal free-fps algorithm based on the multidimensional vector matrix Walsh transform with an adjustable ghost imaging video quality and a frame rate to address the issues of uneven imaging speed, fixed imaging frame rate, and uncomfortable appearance in real-time ghost imaging videos of moving objects. This algorithm utilizes the temporal and spatial correlation of ghost imaging videos to achieve free and adjustable video frame rates in time without being limited by DMD refresh rates. Improving the spatial information of a single frame in space enhances the smoothness of ghost imaging videos, making the appearance of ghost imaging videos more comfortable. To achieve this, a four-dimensional vector Walsh transform kernel matrix is used to transform and reconstruct the high-quality images of the target object. Then the reconstructed high-quality image is spatially interpolated to enhance spatial information. Reasonable frame rate parameters are set based on the corresponding relationship between the detection values of the adjacent frames and speckle, improving the ghost imaging video in both time and space and achieving a smooth real-time ghost imaging video with an adjustable quality and frame rate. The simulation and experimental results of moving objects show that our algorithm solves the limitation of a DMD refresh rate compared with the existing ghost imaging video methods and makes the ghost imaging video more comfortable and smoother in real time. The PSNR of the objective evaluation index is increased by 12%. Regarding a subjective evaluation, this paper proposes an adaptive parameterless evaluation algorithm (APEA) for images with different resolutions based on the NRSS, which improved the structure retention degree by 13% and the Brisque parameter evaluation by 70%. We propose an adaptive parameterless video comfort evaluation algorithm (APVCEA) to evaluate the subjective comfort of ghost imaging videos by 14% compared with traditional methods.
Differences between the geometric phase and propagation phase: clarifying the boundedness problem
Authors: Garza-Soto Luis , Hagen Nathan , Lopez-Mago Dorilian , Otani Yukitoshi
Published: December 2023

We show white light interferometer experiments that clearly demonstrate the basic differences between geometric and propagation phases. These experimental results also suggest a way to answer the “boundedness problem” in geometric phase—whether geometric phase is unbounded (i.e., can take on any values without limit) or bounded (i.e., limited to values between −π and +π). We show why the answer to this question is not as easy as it seems, from both a theoretical and an experimental perspective, and explain how the answer depends on one’s choice of phase convention. We also hope that the videos provided will be pedagogically useful for explaining geometric phase.
25 Hz and 10 Hz operation of the HF-2PW laser of ELI ALPS at the 400 TW level
Authors: Nagymihály R. S. , Bohus J. , Pajer V. , Lehotai L. , Malakzadeh A. , Bussiere B. , Falcoz F. , Kalashnikov M. , Varjú K. , Szabó G. , Neacsu C. , Paul P.-M. , Börzsönyi Á.
Published: December 2023

Results on the long-term operation of the HF-2PW laser of ELI ALPS at 2.5 Hz and 10 Hz repetition rates will be presented at the compressed energy of 10 J with <25 fs pulse duration.
2.7J, 800ps Pulses Delivered by Bonded-chip Amplifier Operated at Room-temperature
Authors: Yahia Vincent , Kausas Arvydas , Tsuji Akihiro , Yoshida Mitsuhiro , Taira Takunori
Published: December 2023

A compact diode-pumped solid-state laser has been developed, with a
modular combination of room-temperature-bonded Nd:YAG ceramic-chips
and Sapphire heat sinks as gain medium. The system delivers 2.7J,
800ps pulses with stable operation up to 10Hz.
Development of the L2-DUHA high repetition rate, 100 TW OPCPA system for laser wakefield acceleration
Authors: Green Jonathan T. , Bartoníček Jan , Indra Lukáš , Fibrich Martin , Eisenschreiber Jan , Novák Jakub , Majer Karel , Tykalewicz Boguslaw , Rus Bedřich
Published: December 2023

The L2-DUHA laser is a 100 TW laser system under development at the ELI-Beamlines facility with target output parameters 3 J, 25 fs, and 50 Hz. It is based entirely on DPSSL-pumped OPCPA with a front end pumped by a picosecond pulse thin disk laser and high energy amplifier pumped by a cryogenically cooled Yb:YAG laser.
Improved stability frequency conversion of a diode-pumped Yb:YAG laser at the 0.5 kW-level
Authors: Clarke Danielle , Phillips Jonathan , Divoky Martin , Pilar Jan , Navratil Petr , Hanus Martin , Severova Patricie , Denk Ondrej , Paliesek Tomas , Smrz Martin , Mason Paul , Butcher Thomas , Edwards Chris , Collier John , Mocek Tomas
Published: December 2023

We report stable type-I phase-matched frequency conversion of a nanosecond high-energy, diode-pumped, Yb:YAG laser, producing 48.9 J at 10 Hz with a 73.8% conversion efficiency and 0.5% energy stability. This is important reliably operating high- energy, frequency-doubled lasers.
UV-diode-pumping and prospects of violet-blue lasing of Tb3+-doped fluorides
Authors: Badtke Moritz , Kalusniak Sascha , Püschel Stefan , Tanaka Hiroki , Kränkel Christian
Published: December 2023

We present a UV-diode-pumped yellow and green Tb:LLF laser and investigate the influence of the UV-pump wavelength. Moreover, we evaluate the potential of low doped Tb:YLF for direct laser emission at wavelengths around 415 nm.
10-Watt 640-nm Single-Frequency Source
Authors: Karpov V.I. , Eory F. , Kosenko J.K. , Clements W.R.L.
Published: December 2023

We study the optical properties of a narrowband single-frequency 1280-nm laser amplified in a Raman phosphorous-doped fiber amplifier and its second harmonic. A highly-efficient 10-Watt 640-nm single-frequency source will be presented.
Comparison of Er3+- and Dy3+-doped Low-Phonon Hosts as Gain Media for 4.1-4.8 µm Lasers
Authors: Brown Ei Ei , Fleischman Zackery D. , McKay Jason , Merkle Larry , Dubinskii Mark , Hömmerich Uwe , Palosz Witold , Trivedi Sudhir B.
Published: December 2023

The comparative analysis of Er3+- and Dy3+-doped low-phonon laser gain materials aiming to identify the best dopant for directly diode-pumped mid-infrared lasers operating in the 4.1-4.8 µm spectral domain has been performed for the first time.
375-400nm Wavelength Tunable UV Alexandrite Laser Source
Authors: Tawy Goronwy , Davidson Noelia Palomar , Wright Lewis D. , Mennea Paolo L. , Churchill Glenn , Smith Peter G. R. , Gates James C. , Gawith Corin B. E.
Published: December 2023

We report on our latest developments in tunable ultra-violet (UV) light generation using compact diode-pumped Alexandrite lasers and zinc-indiffused MgO-doped PPLN waveguides. 376-393 nm is achieved via second-harmonic-generation (SHG) in Λ = 6.1 – 6.9µm PPLN waveguides (third-order SHG). A maximum UV output power of 1.3 mW from 185 mW throughput power is obtained showing potential for efficient and compact laser systems across a wide wavelength range in the UV.
Post-compression of shaped coherent beam combining femtosecond digital laser pulses
Authors: Fsaifes Ihsan , Ranély-Vergé-Dépré Claude-Alban , Becheker Rezki , Fritsch Kilian , Pronin Oleg , Chanteloup Jean-Christophe
Published: December 2023

We present the post-compression of 337 fs/123 W pulse train generated from a 61-tiled channels coherently combined femtosecond digital laser in an Argon-filled multi-pass cell. We also explore the propagation of a Laguerre-Gaussian beam in such a cell.
Basic Considerations for Incoherent Combination of HighPower Laser Systems
Authors: Jauregui Cesar , Bahri Mehran , Klenke Arno , Limpert Jens
Published: December 2023

Incoherent combination of laser beams is presented as a viable path for performance scaling. Even though this technique can be used with any laser source, it is particularly well-suited for multicore fibers due to the dense packaging of the emitters in these systems. In this work we discuss the basic considerations for this approach, revealing its underlaying scaling laws as well as its unique beam shaping abilities. Comparisons with the emission from multimode fibers are made, revealing the superiority of the multicore-fiber approach.
110 mJ Pulse Energy at 5 kHz Repetition Rate Delivered by 49-core Fiber Laser
Authors: Bahri Mehran , Steinkopff Albrecht , Klenke Arno , Jauregui Cesar , Kuhn Stefan , Nold Johannes , Haarlammert Nicoletta , Schreiber Thomas , Limpert Jens
Published: December 2023

We present an Ytterbium-doped 49-core fiber in a MOPA configuration. Pulses of 35-ns duration have been amplified to 110-mJ energy at an intra-burst repetition rate of 5-kHz by an incoherent superposition of the multicore emission.
Active fibers for 2 µm fiber lasers
Authors: Peterka Pavel , Kašík Ivan , Podrazký Ondřej , Kamrádek Michal , Honzátko Pavel
Published: December 2023

Recent advances in thulium and holmium doped fibers are reviewed with focus on the design of highly efficient cladding-pumped holmium fibers and on the effect of temperature-dependent spectroscopic parameters on high-power thulium fiber laser operation.
1.6 mJ Pulse Energy and 1.2 kW Average Power All-Fiber Amplifier with Diffraction-Limited Beam Quality
Authors: Glick Yaakov , Pincha Jose , Kansal Ishu , Windeler Robert , Lukonin Vasiliy , Monberg Eric , Lamb Erin S. , Bansal Lalitkumar , Nicholson Jeffrey W.
Published: December 2023

We demonstrate record high energy (1.6 mJ) nanosecond pulses, as well as average powers reaching 1.2 kW and peak powers of >370 kW, with a diffraction limited beam quality of M
2
=1.12. This with an all-fiber amplifier using a novel 25 µm mode-field diameter Yb-doped gain fiber. The TMI threshold for this fiber was measured to be 1.8kW.
High Quality Pulse Post-compression in a Multi-pass Cell Employing Enhanced Frequency Chirping
Authors: Benner Maximilian , Karst Maximilian , Gierschke Philipp , Stark Henning , Abdelaal Mahmoud , Limpert Jens
Published: December 2023

We demonstrate experimentally an increased peak power and significantly reduced pedestal pulses in a millijoule pulse energy multi-pass cell post-compression scheme employing the concept of enhanced frequency chirping.
Characterizing Carrier Envelope Frequency Correlation from a Polarization Multiplexed Free Running Single-Cavity Dual-Comb Laser
Authors: Nussbaum-Lapping Alexander , Torres José Gómez , Phillips Christopher R. , Keller Ursula
Published: December 2023

Using a single f-2f interferometer, we measure the correlation between the carrier-envelope offset frequencies of the two combs generated in a polarization-multiplexed dual-comb laser. Noise is suppressed by 20 dB via the shared cavity architecture.
Dual-comb optically pumped semiconductor thin disk lasers at a center wavelength of 2 µm
Authors: Gaulke M. , Heidrich J. , Huwyler N. , Schuchter M. , Golling M. , Willenberg B. , Barh A. , Keller U.
Published: December 2023

In this invited talk we present several milestone results that highlight the abilities of our dual-comb MIXSEL technology in the long-wavelength regime.
Diode-pumped femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser operating beyond 900 nm
Authors: Lagatsky Alexander A.
Published: December 2023

A diode-pumped femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser operating beyond 900 nm is reported. 85fs-pulses with an average power of 95 mW are produced at 930 nm. Wavelength tunability in the 920-950 nm range is demonstrated.
Additively Manufactured Laser Gain Media for Novel Solid-State Laser Designs
Authors: Payne Stephen A. , Cherepy Nerine J. , Osborne Ross A. , Rudzik Thomas J. , Drobshoff Alexander D. , Seeley Zachary M. , Yee Timothy D. , Wineger Tyler J. , Dubinskii Mark , Wang Yimin , Squillante Michael R.
Published: December 2023

We describe our progress in developing additively manufactured transparent optical ceramic gain media, including gradient-doped parts, thin disk gain elements, variously cladded slabs and rods, as well as planar and channel waveguides.
Ytterbium-Fiber Laser Pumped Yb,Tm:LiYF4 Lasers at 1.5 μm and 2.3 μm
Authors: Nady Ahmed , Loiko Pavel , Braud Alain , Hideur Ammar , Camy Patrice
Published: December 2023

Yb,Tm:LiYF4 laser pumped by a 976-nm ytterbium-fiber laser generated 0.70 W at 2.3 μm with 26.7% slope efficiency, 46 mW laser threshold and linear polarization. Polarization switching in the 1.5-μm laser is also reported.
Growth, Spectroscopy and Laser Operation of Disordered Tm,Ho:NaGd(MoO4)2 Crystal
Authors: Elabedine Ghassen Zin , Pan Zhongben , Loiko Pavel , Chu Hongwei , Li Dechun , Nady Ahmed , Subbotin Kirill , Pavlov Sergei , Camy Patrice , Braud Alain , Slimi Sami , Solé Rosa Maria , Aguiló Magdalena , Díaz Francesc , Chen Weidong , Petrov Valentin , Mateos Xavier
Published: December 2023

We report on the first laser operation of the disordered Tm3+,Ho3+-codoped NaGd(MoO4)2 tetragonal double molybdate crystal delivering 549 mW at 2.05 μm with a slope efficiency of 32.4% and a laser threshold of 119 mW.
Monoclinic Tm3+:ZnWO4: Novel 2-µm Laser Crystal
Authors: Elabedine Ghassen Zin , Subbotin Kirill , Loiko Pavel , Pan Zhongben , Zimina Yulia , Kuleshova Kristina , Titov Anatoly , Nady Ahmed , Camy Patrice , Braud Alain , Solé Rosa Maria , Aguiló Magdalena , Díaz Francesc , Chen Weidong , Mateos Xavier , Petrov Valentin
Published: December 2023

We report on the Czochralski growth, polarized spectroscopy and first laser operation of Tm3+ in Na+(Li+) codoped monoclinic zinc monotungstate crystals, ZnWO4, featuring strongly polarized, smooth and broad emission spectra extending beyond 2 μm.
Wavelength and Polarisation Dependence of Dynamic Pump- Induced Loss in Titanium:sapphire
Authors: Simpson Niall , Lee Martin , Kemp Alan J.
Published: December 2023

We use the wavelength and polarisation-dependent power response of Ti:Sapphire resonators to demonstrate that the phenomenon of pump-induced loss in Ti:Sapphire is the product of two separate electronic excitations that interact.
Sub-kHz free-running-linewidth monolithic VECSEL
Authors: Moriya P. H. , Lee M. , Hastie J. E.
Published: December 2023

We report the development of a monolithic-cavity GaInP/AlGaInP-based VECSEL at 689 nm with sub-kHz free-running linewidth. A locked Allan deviation of 4×10-13 at 1s averaging time is observed, suitable for quantum technology and metrology applications.
Optimising Efficiency in Thin-Slab Thulium Lasers
Authors: Sanwell Jake , Groult Lucas , Carter Richard M , Hand Duncan P , Esser M J Daniel
Published: December 2023

Methods for improving diode-end-pumped thin-slab laser efficiency are presented, involving optimised pump delivery, stress-free mounting with interface materials and ASE suppression. Using these, our Tm:YLF system achieves 55-60% slope efficiency, with potential scaling past 300W.
First thin-disk laser operation of ceramic Yb:LuScO3
Authors: Esser Stefan , Jing Wei , Xu Xiaodong , Graf Thomas , Ahmed Marwan Abdou
Published: December 2023

We present the first thin-disk laser operation and thermal analysis of ceramic Yb:LuScO3 in a continuous-wave multimode oscillator delivering a power of 149 W at a slope efficiency of 51.8 %.
High-Power Tm:LiYF4 Laser at 815 nm
Authors: Fan Tso Yee , Ochoa Juan R. , Augst Steven J. , Azim A. , Hoffman M. , Nehrir Amin
Published: December 2023

A cryogenically cooled (nominal 80 K) Tm:LiYF4 laser has been demonstrated with >30 W CW power and >15 W average power Q-switched by diode pumping at 791 nm.