bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gut microbiota and the prevalence and incidence of renal stones
Authors: Kim Han-Na , Kim Jae Heon , Chang Yoosoo , Yang Dongmin , Joo Kwan Joong , Cho Young-Sam , Park Heung Jae , Kim Hyung-Lae , Ryu Seungho
Published: March 2022

The role of the gut microbiome in the development of renal stone diseases has not been well characterized. This study focused on the taxonomic and functional profiles of gut microbiomes according to the prevalence and incidence of nephrolithiasis. Stool samples from 915 Korean adults were collected at baseline. Participants were followed for a median of 4.0 years. We evaluated the biodiversity of the gut microbiota and taxonomic profiles associated with nephrolithiasis status, using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Nephrolithiasis status was categorized into three groups: control (no-stone at both baseline and follow-up visits), incidental nephrolithiasis, and prevalent nephrolithiasis. Compared to the control and incidental nephrolithiasis, the prevalent nephrolithiasis showed a reduced evenness in alpha diversity. Nephrolithiasis was associated with a reduced abundance of some key taxa involved in short-chain fatty acid production. Moreover, the abundance of Bifidobacterium, which possess oxalate-degrading ability, was higher in the control. Conversely, there was no significant difference in the bacterial composition between the incidental and prevalent nephrolithiasis. In our study with repeated nephrolithiasis measurements, prevalent renal stones were associated with an altered gut microbiota composition compared to the control. Besides the known oxalate degradation pathway, other functional pathways inferred in this study require further investigation.
High prevalence of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic foodborne bacteria isolated from bovine milk
Authors: Hassani Sima , Moosavy Mir-Hassan , Gharajalar Sahar Nouri , Khatibi Seyed Amin , Hajibemani Abolfazl , Barabadi Zahra
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in bovine milk, their antibiogram phenotype, and the carriage of antibiotic resistance genes. Raw bovine milk samples (n = 100) were randomly collected from different suppliers in the northwest of Iran. Antibiotic-resistant patterns and the presence of antibiotic resistance genes were evaluated in the isolates. Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella spp. were isolated from 78%, 47%, 25%, and 21% of samples, respectively. All isolates showed high rates of resistance to amoxicillin, penicillin, and cefalexin. The blaTEM and blaSHV genes were detected in 50.0% and 6.4% of E. coli isolates, respectively. Also, 28.5% and 19.0% of Salmonella isolates were positive for blaTEM and blaSHV. The frequency of mecA and blaZ in S. aureus isolates was 20.0% and 12.0%, respectively. The high prevalence of bovine milk contamination with antimicrobial-resistant species in this study necessitates precise control on antibiotic prescription in veterinary medicine.
Compliance with the first UK covid-19 lockdown and the compounding effects of weather
Authors: Ganslmeier Michael , Van Parys Jonathan , Vlandas Tim
Published: March 2022

The effectiveness of containment measures has been shown to depend on both epidemiological and sociological mechanisms, most notably compliance with national lockdown rules. Yet, there has been growing discontent with social distancing rules during national lockdowns across several countries, particularly among certain demographic and socio-economic groups. Using a highly granular dataset on compliance of over 105,000 individuals between March and May 2020 in the United Kingdom (UK), we find that compliance with lockdown policies was initially high in the overall population during the earlier phase of the pandemic, but that compliance fell substantially over time, especially among specific segments of society. Warmer temperatures increased the non-compliance of individuals who are male, divorced, part-time employed, and/or parent of more than two children. Thus, while epidemiologically the virus spread was naturally more limited during the warmer period of 2020, sociologically the higher temperature led to lower individual-level compliance with public health measures. As long as new strains emerge, governments may therefore be required to complement vaccination campaigns with targeted and time limited restrictions. Since non-complying individuals at the beginning of the pandemic share certain characteristics with vaccination sceptics, understanding their compliance behaviour will remain essential for future policymaking.
Field trials reveal the complexities of deploying and evaluating the impacts of yeast-baited ovitraps on Aedes mosquito densities in Trinidad, West Indies
Authors: James Lester D. , Winter Nikhella , Stewart Akilah T. M. , Feng Rachel Shui , Nandram Naresh , Mohammed Azad , Duman-Scheel Molly , Romero-Severson Ethan , Severson David W.
Published: March 2022

The use of lure-and-kill, large-volume ovitraps to control Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus populations has shown promise across multiple designs that target gravid females (adulticidal) or larvae post-oviposition (larvicidal). Here we report on a pilot trial to deploy 10 L yeast-baited ovitraps at select sites in Curepe, Trinidad, West Indies during July to December, 2019. Oviposition rates among ovitraps placed in three Treatment sites were compared to a limited number of traps placed in three Control areas (no Aedes management performed), and three Vector areas (subjected to standard Ministry of Health, Insect Vector Control efforts). Our goal was to gain baseline information on efforts to saturate the Treatment sites with ovitraps within 20–25 m of each other and compare oviposition rates at these sites with background oviposition rates in Control and Vector Areas. Although yeast-baited ovitraps were highly attractive to gravid Aedes females, a primary limitation encountered within the Treatment sites was the inability to gain access to residential compounds for trap placement, primarily due to residents being absent during the day. This severely limited our intent to saturate these areas with ovitraps, indicating that future studies must include plans to account for these inaccessible zones during trap placement.
Anxiolytic effects of chewing gum during preoperative fasting and patient-centered outcome in female patients undergoing elective gynecologic surgery: randomized controlled study
Authors: Bang Yu Jeong , Lee Jong-Hwan , Kim Chung Su , Lee Yoo-Young , Min Jeong-Jin
Published: March 2022

Although previous studies reported that chewing gum during the preoperative fasting has the benefits of alleviating anxiety and dry mouth, preoperative chewing gum has yet to be accepted as a standard practice due to conventional anesthetic custom. Our study aimed to prospectively evaluate the effects of gum chewing on preoperative anxiety and patient’s discomfort in female patients undergoing gynecologic surgery. Ninety-four patients were enrolled and randomized either into conventional fasting group (control group) or chewing gum with fasting group (gum group). The control group was instructed to fast from 3 p.m. on the day before surgery. The gum group performed preoperative fasting in the same manner, but was encouraged to chew gum freely during the fasting period. The primary endpoint was the degree of preoperative anxiety. For the evaluation of preoperative anxiety, Amsterdam preoperative anxiety and information scale (APAIS) was used. Preoperative gastric fluid volume and acidity were also measured as the secondary outcomes. Preoperative anxiety using APAIS was significantly lower in the gum group compared to the control group (control group vs. gum group: 20.9 vs. 17.8, p = 0.009). However, there was no significant difference in the gastric fluid analysis between the groups. In the female patients for elective gynecologic surgery, chewing gum during the preoperative fasting period helped to alleviate preoperative anxiety without additional increase of pulmonary aspiration risks.

Trial registration: KCT0004422 (05/11/2019, https://cris.nih.go.kr; registration number).
Accurate optimization technique for phase-gradient metasurfaces used in compact near-field meta-steering systems
Authors: Singh Khushboo , Afzal Muhammad U. , Esselle Karu P.
Published: March 2022

Near-Field Meta-Steering (NFMS) is a constantly evolving and progressively emerging novel antenna beam-steering technology that involves an elegant assembly of a base antenna and a pair of Phase-Gradient Metasurfaces (PGMs) placed in the near-field region of the antenna aperture. The upper PGM in an NFMS system receives an oblique incidence from the lower PGM at all times, a fact that is ignored in the traditional design process of upper metasurfaces. This work proposes an accurate optimization method for metasurfaces in NFMS systems to reduce signal leakage by suppressing the grating lobes and side lobes that are innate artifacts of beam-steering. We detail the design and optimization approach for both upper and lower metasurface. Compared to the conventionally optimized compact 2D steering system, the proposed system exhibits higher directivity and lower side-lobe and grating lobe levels within the entire scanning range. The broadside directivity is 1.4 dB higher, and the side-lobe level is 4 dB lower in comparison. The beam-steering patterns for the proposed 2D compact design are experimentally validated, and the measured and predicted results are in excellent concurrence. The versatile compatibility of truncated PGMs with a low gain antenna makes it a compelling technology for wireless backhaul mesh networks and future antenna hardware.
A NanoBiT assay to monitor membrane proteins trafficking for drug discovery and drug development
Authors: Reyes-Alcaraz Arfaxad , Lucero Garcia-Rojas Emilio Y. , Merlinsky Elizabeth A. , Seong Jae Young , Bond Richard A. , McConnell Bradley K.
Published: March 2022

Internalization of membrane proteins plays a key role in many physiological functions; however, highly sensitive and versatile technologies are lacking to study such processes in real-time living systems. Here we describe an assay based on bioluminescence able to quantify membrane receptor trafficking for a wide variety of internalization mechanisms such as GPCR internalization/recycling, antibody-mediated internalization, and SARS-CoV2 viral infection. This study represents an alternative drug discovery tool to accelerate the drug development for a wide range of physiological processes, such as cancer, neurological, cardiopulmonary, metabolic, and infectious diseases including COVID-19.
Surface plasmon resonance aptasensor for soluble ICAM-1 protein in blood samples
Authors: Dursun Ali Dogan , Dogan Soner , Kavruk Murat , Busra Tasbasi B. , Sudagidan Mert , Deniz Yilmaz M. , Yilmaz Bayram , Ozalp Veli C. , Tuna Bilge G.
Published: March 2022

An aptamer sequence for soluble ICAM-1 was selected by the SELEX procedure. The ICAM-1 aptamer was used to develop a magnetic separation from blood samples by silica shell nanoparticles and subsequent real-time detection by SPR biosensing.
Low-energy Ga2O3 polymorphs with low electron effective masses
Authors: Fan Qingyang , Zhao Ruida , Zhang Wei , Song Yanxing , Sun Minglei , Schwingenschlögl Udo
Published: March 2022

We predict three Ga2O3 polymorphs with P21/c or Pnma symmetry.
Multiple 2D crystal structures in bilayered lamellae from the direct self-assembly of 3D systems of soft Janus particles
Authors: Sun Yu-Wei , Li Zhan-Wei , Sun Zhao-Yan
Published: March 2022

Multiple highly-ordered 2D crystal structures, including a triangular lattice, kagome lattice, and even a Frank–Kasper σ phase, are found within the layers of bilayered lamellae self-assembled directly from 3D systems of soft Janus particles.
Metallodrugs in cancer nanomedicine
Authors: Peña Quim , Wang Alec , Zaremba Orysia , Shi Yang , Scheeren Hans W. , Metselaar Josbert M. , Kiessling Fabian , Pallares Roger M. , Wuttke Stefan , Lammers Twan
Published: March 2022

Bridging inorganic medicinal chemistry and nanomedicine in cancer therapy: nanoformulations to improve the clinical translation of metallodrugs.
Carbon skeleton: route to investigate high-performance insensitive energetic materials
Authors: Wang Qian , Lu Ming
Published: March 2022

In this study, a high-density insensitive energetic compound with a five-membered carbon skeleton was synthesized through an interesting ring contraction reaction.
Magnetoelectric coupling effects on the band alignments of multiferroic In2Se3–CrI3 trilayer heterostructures
Authors: Liu Xueying , Shen Chenhai , Li Xueping , Wang Tianxing , He Mengjie , Li Lin , Wang Ying , Li Jingbo , Xia Congxin
Published: March 2022

For CrI3/In2Se3 trilayer vdWHs, ferroelectric polarization and atomic superposition can realize multiple-band-alignment transformations (type-I, type-II, and type-III).
Controllable synthesis of few-layer ammoniated 1T′-phase WS2 as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Xiang , Liu Zhenzhen , Zhu Ding , Yan Yigang , Chen Yungui
Published: March 2022

The Li-ion storage properties of 1T′-phase WS2 depend strongly on the thickness, i.e. a smaller thickness leads to a higher initial reversible capacity but poorer cycling stability, with the optimal performance observed at a thickness of 9–10 layers.
π-Conjugated redox-active two-dimensional polymers as organic cathode materials
Authors: Jin Zexin , Cheng Qian , Evans Austin M. , Gray Jesse , Zhang Ruiwen , Bao Si Tong , Wei Fengkai , Venkataraman Latha , Yang Yuan , Nuckolls Colin
Published: March 2022

Redox-active two-dimensional polymers (RA-2DPs) are promising lithium battery organic cathode materials due to their regular porosities and high chemical stabilities.
Bioinspired fabrication of bifunctional antibody–enzyme co-assembled nanocomposites for chemiluminescence immunoassays of E. coli O157:H7
Authors: Xi Jinnan , Cui Guihua , Dong Mingxin , Sun Chengbiao , Wang Yan , Xu Na , Zhang Jianxu , Wang Longtao
Published: March 2022

Herein, antibody–HRP co-assembled nanocomposites with enhanced stability were successfully fabricated and employed as an alternative to traditional enzyme-labeled antibodies to develop a chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay toward E. coli O157:H7.
Polyacrylic acid-b-polystyrene-passivated CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots with high photoluminescence quantum yield for light-emitting diodes
Authors: Shen Jianhua , Meng Nan , Chen Jianzhuang , Zhu Yihua , Yang Xiaoling , Jia Yi , Li Chunzhong
Published: March 2022

We report a novel strategy for the preparation of CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots by polyacrylic acid-b-polystyrene ligands, which demonstrated excellent optical properties and white LED performance.
Transfer hydrogenation of pyridinium and quinolinium species using ethanol as a hydrogen source to access saturated N-heterocycles
Authors: Yadav Suman , Chaudhary Dhananjay , Maurya Naveen Kumar , Kumar Dharmendra , Ishu Km , Kuram Malleswara Rao
Published: March 2022

Ethanol as a renewable hydrogen source has been developed for the transfer hydrogenation of pyridinium and quinolinium species using amides as ligands.
Influence of ionic liquids on the electronic environment of atomically dispersed Ir on (MgO)(100)
Authors: Akgül Deniz , Kurtoğlu-Öztulum Samira F. , Zhao Yuxin , Fındık Volkan , Monari Antonio , Uzun Alper , Aviyente Viktorya
Published: March 2022

Recently, ionic liquids (ILs) have been used as ligands for single-site Ir(CO)2 complexes bound to metal-oxide supports because of their electron-donor/acceptor capacities.
Thermally induced electron–hole dissociation dynamics in quasi-one-dimensional bromo-bridged palladium(iii) Mott-insulator [Pd(en)2Br](Suc-Cn)2·H2O (Cn-Y = dialkylsulfosuccinate; n = 5 and 6)
Authors: Kumagai Shohei , Iguchi Hiroaki , Yamashita Masahiro , Takaishi Shinya
Published: March 2022

Thermally induced electron–hole dissociation was suggested by current–voltage characteristics and dielectric properties in bromo-bridged one-dimensional Mott-insulators, [Pd(en)2Br](Suc-Cn)2·H2O (n = 5 and 6).
The impact of size and shape in the performance of hydrotropes: a case-study of alkanediols
Authors: Abranches Dinis O. , Soares Bruna P. , Ferreira Ana M. , Shimizu Seishi , Pinho Simão P. , Coutinho João A. P.
Published: March 2022

Studying the impact of the size and shape of hydrotropes in their ability to enhance the aqueous solubility of hydrophobic compounds.
Proton-phosphorous connectivities revealed by high-resolution proton-detected solid-state NMR
Authors: Malär Alexander A. , Sun Qiu , Zehnder Johannes , Kehr Gerald , Erker Gerhard , Wiegand Thomas
Published: March 2022

Phosphorus-31 is used as an additional radiofrequency channel in proton-detected magic angle-spinning experiments at 100 kHz and high static magnetic fields to investigate phosphane and phosphonium compounds related to frustrated Lewis pair chemistry.
Facile construction of bowknot-like CuO architectures for improved xylene gas sensing properties
Authors: Xu Wenya , Li Minjie , Wang Shuangming , Yang Siyuan , Cao Jing , Jiang Rui , Du Mengying , Zhang Lifang , Zeng Yi
Published: March 2022

The accurate and rapid monitoring of xylene gas is highly desired for human health and environmental protection.
Impact of the segment ratio on a donor–acceptor all-conjugated block copolymer in single-component organic solar cells
Authors: Tseng Yu-Cheng , Kato Aoto , Chang Jia-Fu , Chen Wen-Chang , Higashihara Tomoya , Chueh Chu-Chen
Published: March 2022

Donor–Acceptor (D–A) all-conjugated polymers with different segment ratios are synthesized and the significance of D/A segment ratio on the resultant photovoltaic performance of derived single-component organic solar cells is demonstrated.
Iridium-catalyzed reductive etherification of α,β-unsaturated ketones and aldehydes with alcohols
Authors: Ouyang Lu , Xia Yanping , Miao Rui , Liao Jianhua , Luo Renshi
Published: March 2022

A new protocol for the synthesis of allyl ethers in superior yields through a one-pot sequential reductive etherification and alcohol condensation with α,β-unsaturated ketones and aldehydes.
Correction: Carbon onion/sulfur hybrid cathodes via inverse vulcanization for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Choudhury Soumyadip , Srimuk Pattarachai , Raju Kumar , Tolosa Aura , Fleischmann Simon , Zeiger Marco , Ozoemena Kenneth I. , Borchardt Lars , Presser Volker
Published: March 2022

Correction for ‘Carbon onion/sulfur hybrid cathodes via inverse vulcanization for lithium–sulfur batteries’ by Soumyadip Choudhury et al., Sustainable Energy Fuels, 2018, 2, 133–146, DOI: 10.1039/C7SE00452D.
Regulation of chromatin accessibility by hypoxia and HIF
Authors: Batie Michael , Frost Julianty , Shakir Dilem , Rocha Sonia
Published: March 2022

Reduced oxygen availability (hypoxia) can act as a signalling cue in physiological processes such as development, but also in pathological conditions such as cancer or ischaemic disease. As such, understanding how cells and organisms respond to hypoxia is of great importance. The family of transcription factors called Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs) co-ordinate a transcriptional programme required for survival and adaptation to hypoxia. However, the effects of HIF on chromatin accessibility are currently unclear. Here, using genome wide mapping of chromatin accessibility via ATAC-seq, we find hypoxia induces loci specific changes in chromatin accessibility are enriched at a subset hypoxia transcriptionally responsive genes, agreeing with previous data using other models. We show for the first time that hypoxia inducible changes in chromatin accessibility across the genome are predominantly HIF dependent, rapidly reversible upon reoxygenation and partially mimicked by HIF-α stabilisation independent of molecular dioxygenase inhibition. This work demonstrates that HIF is central to chromatin accessibility alterations in hypoxia, and has implications for our understanding of gene expression regulation by hypoxia and HIF.
A guide into the world of high-resolution 3D imaging: the case of soft X-ray tomography for the life sciences
Authors: Okolo Chidinma Adanna
Published: March 2022

In the world of bioimaging, every choice made determines the quality and content of the data collected. The choice of imaging techniques for a study could showcase or dampen expected outcomes. Synchrotron radiation is indispensable for biomedical research, driven by the need to see into biological materials and capture intricate biochemical and biophysical details at controlled environments. The same need drives correlative approaches that enable the capture of heterologous but complementary information when studying any one single target subject. Recently, the applicability of one such synchrotron technique in bioimaging, soft X-ray tomography (SXT), facilitates exploratory and basic research and is actively progressing towards filling medical and industrial needs for the rapid screening of biomaterials, reagents and processes of immediate medical significance. Soft X-ray tomography at cryogenic temperatures (cryoSXT) fills the imaging resolution gap between fluorescence microscopy (in the hundreds of nanometers but relatively accessible) and electron microscopy (few nanometers but requires extensive effort and can be difficult to access). CryoSXT currently is accessible, fully documented, can deliver 3D imaging to 25 nm resolution in a high throughput fashion, does not require laborious sample preparation procedures and can be correlated with other imaging techniques. Here, we present the current state of SXT and outline its place within the bioimaging world alongside a guided matrix that aids decision making with regards to the applicability of any given imaging technique to a particular project. Case studies where cryoSXT has facilitated a better understanding of biological processes are highlighted and future directions are discussed.
Clinical Cutoff Scores for Acoustic Indices of Vocal Hyperfunction That Combine Relative Fundamental Frequency and Cepstral Peak Prominence
Authors: Kapsner-Smith Mara R. , Díaz-Cádiz Manuel E. , Vojtech Jennifer M. , Buckley Daniel P. , Mehta Daryush D. , Hillman Robert E. , Tracy Lauren F. , Noordzij J. Pieter , Eadie Tanya L. , Stepp Cara E.
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

This study examined the discriminative ability of acoustic indices of vocal hyperfunction combining smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS) and relative fundamental frequency (RFF).

Method:

Demographic, CPPS, and RFF parameters were entered into logistic regression models trained on two 1:1 case–control groups: individuals with and without nonphonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction (NPVH;
n
= 360) and phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction (PVH;
n
= 240). Equations from the final models were used to predict group membership in two independent test sets (
n
= 100 each).

Results:

Both CPPS and RFF parameters significantly improved model fits for NPVH and PVH after accounting for demographics. CPPS explained unique variance beyond RFF in both models. RFF explained unique variance beyond CPPS in the PVH model. Final models included CPPS and RFF offset parameters for both NPVH and PVH; RFF onset parameters were significant only in the PVH model. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for the independent test sets revealed acceptable classification for NPVH (72%) and good classification for PVH (86%).

Conclusions:

A combination of CPPS and RFF parameters showed better discriminative ability than either measure alone for PVH. Clinical cutoff scores for acoustic indices of vocal hyperfunction are proposed for assessment and screening purposes.
Power distribution of oscillations in the atmosphere of a plage region
Authors: Narang Nancy , Chandrashekhar Kalugodu , Jafarzadeh Shahin , Fleck Bernhard , Szydlarski Mikołaj , Wedemeyer Sven
Published: March 2022

Context. Joint observations of the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) with other solar observatories can provide a wealth of opportunities for understanding the coupling between different layers of the solar atmosphere.

Aims. We present a statistical analysis of the power distribution of oscillations in a plage region in active region NOAA AR12651, which was observed jointly with ALMA, the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS), and the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO).

Methods. We employ coordinated ALMA Band 6 (1.25 mm) brightness temperature maps, IRIS slit-jaw images in the 2796 Å passband, and observations in six passbands (1600 Å, 304 Å, 131 Å, 171 Å, 193 Å, and 211 Å) from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board SDO. We perform Lomb-Scargle transforms to study the distribution of oscillation power by means of dominant period maps and power maps. We study the spatial association of oscillations through the atmosphere, with a focus on the correlation of the power distribution of ALMA oscillations with others.

Results. We do not observe any significant association of ALMA oscillations with IRIS and AIA oscillations. While the global behavior of the dominant ALMA oscillations shows a similarity with that of the transition region and coronal passbands of AIA, the ALMA dominant period maps and power maps do not show any correlation with those from the other passbands. The spatial distribution of dominant periods and power in different period intervals of ALMA oscillations is uncorrelated with those of any other passbands.

Conclusions. We speculate that the non-association of ALMA oscillations with those of IRIS and AIA is due to significant variations in the height of formation of the millimeter continuum observed by ALMA. Additionally, the fact that ALMA directly maps the brightness temperature, in contrast to the intensity observations by IRIS and AIA, can result in the very different intrinsic nature of the ALMA oscillations compared to the IRIS and AIA oscillations.
Physics of ULIRGs with MUSE and ALMA: The PUMA project
Authors: Perna M. , Arribas S. , Colina L. , Pereira Santaella M. , Lamperti I. , Di Teodoro E. , Übler H. , Costantin L. , Maiolino R. , Cresci G. , Bellocchi E. , Catalán-Torrecilla C. , Cazzoli S. , Piqueras López J.
Published: March 2022

Context. A classical scenario suggests that ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) transform colliding spiral galaxies into a spheroid-dominated early-type galaxy. Recent high-resolution simulations have instead shown that, under some circumstances, rotation disks can be preserved during the merging process or rapidly regrown after coalescence. Our goal is to analyse in detail the ionised gas kinematics in a sample of ULIRGs to infer the incidence of gas rotational dynamics in late-stage interacting galaxies and merger remnants.

Aims. We analysed integral field spectrograph MUSE data of a sample of 20 nearby (z < 0.165) ULIRGs (with 29 individual nuclei) as part of the Physics of ULIRGs with MUSE and ALMA (PUMA) project. We used multi-Gaussian fitting techniques to identify gaseous disk motions and the 3D-Barolo tool to model them.

Methods. We found that 27% (8 out of 29) individual nuclei are associated with kiloparsec-scale disk-like gas motions. The rest of the sample displays a plethora of gas kinematics, dominated by winds and merger-induced flows, which makes the detection of rotation signatures difficult. On the other hand, the incidence of stellar disk-like motions is ∼2 times larger than gaseous disks, as the former are probably less affected by winds and streams. The eight galaxies with a gaseous disk present relatively high intrinsic gas velocity dispersion (σ0 ∈ [30 − 85] km s−1), rotationally supported motions (with gas rotation velocity over velocity dispersion vrot/σ0 ∼ 1 − 8), and dynamical masses in the range (2 − 7)×1010 M⊙. By combining our results with those of local and high-z disk galaxies (up to z ∼ 2) from the literature, we found a significant correlation between σ0 and the offset from the main sequence (δMS), after correcting for their evolutionary trends.

Results. Our results confirm the presence of kiloparsec-scale rotating disks in interacting galaxies and merger remnants in the PUMA sample, with an incidence going from 27% (gas) to ≲50% (stars). Their gas σ0 is up to a factor of ∼4 higher than in local normal main sequence galaxies, similar to high-z starbursts as presented in the literature; this suggests that interactions and mergers enhance the star formation rate while simultaneously increasing the velocity dispersion in the interstellar medium.
Fifteen years of research in innovative heating, ventilation and air conditioning plants at the Department of Management and Engineering (University of Padova)
Authors: Bagarella Giacomo , Busato Filippo , Castellotti Francesco , D’Ascanio Andrea , Lazzarin Renato , Minchio Fabio , Nardotto Daniele , Noro Marco , Zamboni Lorenzo
Published: March 2022

At the Department of Management and Engineering (DTG) of the University of Padova (Italy), the research team led by Prof. Renato Lazzarin, formed by the authors, worked during the first fifteen years of the millennium on different topics focused on innovative heating, ventilation and air conditioning technologies. Both experimental and theoretical/modelling studies were carried out: an air conditioning system with liquid desiccant operating for annual climatization was designed, realized, and tested; a self-regenerating liquid desiccant cooling system based on an electric heat pump was installed and monitored in a new building of the Vicenza Hospital for dehumidification, heating and cooling; a gas engine heat pump plant for the air conditioning of a building of the DTG was designed, realized, and monitored for a long period; a multisource heat pump plant was modelled and dynamically simulated, and then realized and monitored for the climatization of a school building; hybrid water/phase change materials tanks were modelled, designed and tested for thermal energy storage; finally, thermal and electric solar cooling plants were modelled and dynamically simulated for evaluating energy performance. The paper highlights the main theoretical and experimental approaches and the results of the research during the fifteen-year period.
The importance of recirculation air filtration incontainment of SARS-CoV-2 contagion: the role of photocatalytic filters installed in the fan coils
Authors: Vio Michele , Gattone Alessio
Published: March 2022

In containing the contagion of viral diseases transmitted by air, it is essential to reduce the concentration of elementary dose of airborne nuclei present in inhabited rooms, that is reduced by increasing the renewal outdoor air flow, with the same other factor. The increase in the outdoor air flow, however, finds limits due to energy consumption, the maximum generators power required, the ducts size, which are not always compatible with the spaces available, especially in the case of the renovation of existing buildings. The alternative is the filtration of the recirculated indoor air flow. The paper describes possible strategies. Good filtration can always be possible in all-air systems for cinemas, theatres or supermarkets, or in VAV systems, because the AHUs have dimensions and characteristics such as to allow the housing of any type of filter. VAV systems suffer from the defect of spreading the virus in all rooms, while primary air systems leave it confined only where there is the presence of the infected subject, but filtration is necessary through filters installed directly in the fan coil units. In particular, the paper focuses on the studies carried out in the laboratories of the University of Medicine of Padua for photocatalytic filters and shows the results. The most interesting aspect of this type of filter is that they are effective not only on the finer particles that make up the aerosol, but also on the heavier particles deposited on the surfaces of the room.
Application of Mobile Air Cleaning Devices in daily school routines
Authors: Krause Ralph , Friebe Christian , Heidenreich Ralf
Published: March 2022

The spread of the SARS Cov2 virus in Europe clearly reveals the need of new ventilation concepts. Schools are considered to be one of the main origins of the spread. Therefore, ways to reduce the possibility of indirect infection in everyday school life are investigated. In this paper, the results of field studies are presented. In the course of these studies, different modes of action (filtration, UV-C, photo-catalysis) and room flow concepts (mixed ventilation, displacement ventilation) were considered. The evaluations of the measurements show how the devices influence the sensations of the students (sound pressure level, draught risk, etc.). Furthermore, it shows how the exhaust air capture works and how the room flow is affected. Therefore, ways to reduce the possibility of indirect infection in everyday school life are sought here.
Solutions for full-outdoor-air operation of air rooftop units with direct expansion circuit and integrated recirculation
Authors: Pedranzini Federico , Cavina Lorenzo , De Piccoli Andrea , Rossi Damiano
Published: March 2022

Following the advent of the Sars – Cov 2 pandemic, HVAC systems have been affected by different interventions both in the emergency and in the medium term. These interventions were dictated by the need to maximise the risk reduction within air-conditioned environments and among these interventions one of the most applied has been the elimination of recirculation in favor of a full-out-door- air operation, specifically in multi-zone systems.

Some plant, such as those served by roof-top units, however, provide a minimum share of recirculation that is necessary for the proper functioning of the integrated refrigeration unit. For these units, the elimination of recirculation has led to a significant increase in blocking situations. The research provides the basis for the application of integrated solutions designed to prevent blocking situations for new and existing systems through the insertion of a modulated bypass between the supply air and the external air intake so as to allow temporarily the recirculation function without, however, creating a situation of risk propagation. The proposed solutions have been applied to a real system, the regulation has been carried out in integration with the management logic of the unit and has been tested to be effective in cooling mode.
Terminvergabe: Per Callcenter oder Online-Terminkalender?
Authors: Kämper Siegfried
Published: March 2022

Die Kollegenfrage beantwortet Fragen zu den Themen Terminvergabe von einem Callcenter und Online-Terminkalender.
Pflanzliche Begleiterinnen in einen neuen Lebensabschnitt
Authors: Wanitschek Anne
Published: March 2022

Die Scheidengesundheit hängt von einigen Faktoren ab, beispielsweise beeinflussen Östrogene die vaginale Schleimhaut. In den Wechseljahren sinkt unter anderem der Östrogenspiegel, dadurch kann es zu Beschwerden wie trockener Vaginalschleimhaut kommen. Die Phytotherapie bietet verschiedene Möglichkeiten, um Beschwerden der Vaginalschleimhaut in den Wechseljahren zu lindern.
Darmsanierung, aber richtig
Authors: Peters Uwe
Published: March 2022

Ziel jeder Darmsanierung ist es, wieder eine natürliche Besiedelung (Eubiose) und Eigenregulation herzustellen. Eine gezielte Diagnostik umfasst unter anderem wichtige Bakteriengruppen und Zusatzmarker wie Zonulin, Alpha-1-Antitrypsin, Calprotectin, Laktoferrin und sIgA. Eine erfolgversprechende Mikrobiologische Therapie geschieht typischerweise in vier Schritten, von Milchsäurebakterien und Präbiotika in der Vorbereitung über Bakterienlysat und Enterococcus faecalis bis hin zu Colibakterien.
Selbstverantwortung in Partnerschaft und Sexualität. Eine empirische Studie
Authors: Maß Reinhard
Published: March 2022

Einleitung Die Übernahme von Selbstverantwortung gilt in allen Therapieschulen als eine wichtige Voraussetzung für den Erfolg einer Psychotherapie. Selbstverantwortung wird in der hier vorgelegten Arbeit als die Bereitschaft einer Person definiert, Verantwortung für das eigene Verhalten, die eigenen Entscheidungen und alle positiven oder negativen Konsequenzen, die sich daraus ergeben, zu akzeptieren.

Forschungsziele In der hier vorgelegten Arbeit wird die Bedeutung der Selbstverantwortung für einige Aspekte der Lebensqualität untersucht, namentlich für die Zufriedenheit mit der Partnerschaft, der Sexualität, der eigenen Person und der Beziehung zu den eigenen Kindern.

Methoden In einer Online-Studie wurde bei 215 gesunden Erwachsenen das „Selbstverantwortungs-Inventar“ (SV-I) eingesetzt, ein neuartiger Fragebogen mit den Unterskalen „Fremdbestimmung“, „Selbstbestimmung“ und „Orientierung an den Erwartungen anderer“. Zusätzlich wurde der „Fragebogen zur Lebenszufriedenheit“ (FLZ) verwendet.

Ergebnisse Signifikante Korrelationen zeigten sich für alle drei SV-I-Unterskalen: Je höher die Selbstverantwortung, desto größer die Zufriedenheit in allen vier untersuchten Bereichen der Lebensqualität.

Schlussfolgerung Diese Ergebnisse bestätigen die Relevanz von Selbstverantwortung für die erfolgreiche Gestaltung sozialer Beziehungen und partnerschaftlicher Sexualität. Implikationen für die Psychotherapie werden diskutiert.
Lieber gut gebildet als nur gut erzogen
Authors: Neubauer Gunter
Published: March 2022

Sexuelle Bildung ist ein Ansatz, der die Perspektive für die auf Sexualität bezogenen Bildungsprozesse in allen individuellen, sozialen und gesellschaftlichen Dimensionen öffnet und erweitert. Die Würdigung von Dynamiken der Selbstbildung ist anregend für Reflexionen zur eigenen Position und Haltung gerade in sexualpädagogischen Praxiszusammenhängen. Bezüge auf die sexuelle Bildung erweitern dort fachliches Know-how und das sexualpädagogische Spektrum insgesamt. Darin liegen einige Potenziale für die konzeptionelle Weiterentwicklung der Sexualpädagogik, insbesondere auch im institutionellen Kontext.
Adipokine ZAG Alters Depression-Like Behavior by Regulating Oxidative
Stress in Hippocampus
Authors: Sun Huangbing , Ma Fuli , Chen Wenjing , Yang Xiaojing
Published: March 2022

Zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) is an adipokine involved in body metabolism,
and now it has been shown to be present in the brain and play a role in some
neurological diseases such as epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease. In the
present study, we employed ZAG knockout (KO) mice to investigate the effects of
ZAG on behaviors after fasting and in vitro used overexpression (OV) ZAG in
HT-22 cells to further clarify the possibly underlying mechanism. The results
showed that ZAG exists widely in the brain tissues of mice and significantly
increased during fasting. In ZAG KO group the depression-like behaviors were
significantly increased after fasting for 24 hours, meanwhile the
hippocampal reactive oxygen species (ROS) content was significantly increased.
In vitro, serum deprivation led to the increasing of neuronal death and ROS, the
reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels, while ZAG
overexpression alleviated these negative effects. The β3 adrenoreceptor
(β3AR)/protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP response
element-binding (CREB) pathway possibly mediated the effects of ZAG on
antioxidation. These results proposed a possible target for novel therapeutic
approaches to the treatment of depression and provide potential link between
adipose tissue and psychiatric disease.
Tryptanthrin and Its Derivatives in Drug Discovery: Synthetic Insights
Authors: Pineiro Marta , Brandão Pedro , Burke Anthony J.
Published: March 2022

Tryptanthrin is a golden-yellow, naturally occurring alkaloid that can be obtained from multiple sources and through different synthetic methodologies. This tetracyclic compound displays several relevant biological activities. The potential of this tetracyclic alkaloid has been widely explored, and several researchers have focused their attention on expanding the variety of tryptanthrin derivatives by using a range of synthetic strategies. In this short review, we aim to address recent developments in the synthesis of the tryptanthrin core, as well as the development of new strategies employed by synthetic organic chemists to obtain novel tryptanthrin derivatives with potential biological activity, using different tools from the chemists’ toolbox, such as photocatalysis, solvent-free approaches, and multicomponent reactions.
Influence of Periapical Lesion on Healing in Sinus after Endodontics
Authors: Migas Klaudia , Marchlewska Joanna
Published: March 2022

Objective The goal of primary and secondary endodontic treatment is to eliminate the cause of inflammation inside the tooth and in the surrounding tissues. When the inflammation from the root canal system of the tooth spreads beyond the apex of the root, periapical changes in the bone tissue and, in the case of upper premolars and molars, inflammatory changes in the Schneider membrane may occur.

Materials and Methods In a retrospective documentation analysis of root canal treatments, three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography images before and after endodontic treatment were assessed to measure the thickness of the Schneider membrane. Forty-five endodontically treated patients aged 21 to 62 years were enrolled in the study. Inflammation of the maxillary sinus was considered when the Schneider membrane was thicker than 2 mm. Statistical analyses were performed with Statistica 12 by StatSoft and StatXact by Cytel using the Shapiro–Wilk test, Student's t-test, and the Mann–Whitney test.

Results Out of 12 comparisons between variables, only 3 comparisons were significant. There was a relationship between the treatment effect (reduction in maxillary sinus inflammation 3 months after treatment) and the maximum height of the Schneider membrane (p = 0.004). There was a relationship between the presence of a periapical lesion and the minimum height of the Schneider diaphragm (p = 0.02), and there was a relationship between the presence of a periapical lesion and the maximum height of the Schneider diaphragm (p = 0.04).

Conclusion Primary and secondary root canal treatments of maxillary premolars and molars reduce the inflammation of the maxillary sinus 3 months after treatment.
Aloenxerto osteocondral fresco em uma fratura complexa de Hoffa – Relato de caso
Authors: Vivacqua Thiago , Rocha Tito , Rocha de Faria José Leonardo , Prinz Rafael , Mozella Alan , Guimarães João Antonio Matheus
Published: March 2022

A fratura de Hoffa (FH) é típica do côndilo femoral posterior no plano sagital, com incidência estimada de 0,65% nas fraturas do fêmur. De modo geral, a FH é observada no côndilo femoral lateral em traumatismos de alta energia, com força de carga axial sobre o terço distal do fêmur e o joelho em mais de 90° de flexão. O caso aqui relatado ocorreu em um paciente com FH medial complexa e luxação de joelho após um traumatismo de alta energia. Em dois anos de acompanhamento, a análise radiológica revelou consolidação óssea completa e integração do aloenxerto. O transplante de aloenxerto osteocondral deve ser considerado em casos de FH complexa, e visa restaurar a anatomia superfície articular para evitar o desenvolvimento de osteoartrose pós-traumática precoce em pacientes jovens.
Both Intraoperative Medial and Lateral Joint Stabilities at Midflexion Influence Postoperative Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Following Bi-Cruciate Stabilized Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Takagi Kentaro , Taketomi Shuji , Yamagami Ryota , Kawaguchi Kouhei , Sameshima Shin , Kage Tomofumi , Tanaka Sakae , Inui Hiroshi
Published: March 2022

Bi-cruciate stabilized (BCS) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was developed to approximate normal knee kinematics and is expected to improve clinical outcomes. However, the effects of soft tissue balance at the medial or lateral compartment on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) following BCS TKA are unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the medial or lateral component gaps and PROMs following BCS TKA. One hundred seventeen knees with varus deformities which underwent BCS TKA were included in this study. They were divided into two groups according to the validated Japanese version of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for each subscale of pain, symptoms, and activities of daily living (ADL) at 1 year postoperatively: group H consisted of patients with ≥90 points and group L consisted of patients with <90 points. Intraoperative medial and lateral joint laxities at 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, and 120° flexion measured using a tensor device were compared between the two groups in each subscale. In the pain subscale, the medial joint laxities at 30° (p < 0.05) and 60° flexion (p < 0.05) in group H were significantly smaller than those in group L. In the ADL subscale, the medial joint laxity at 60° flexion in group H was significantly smaller than that in group L (p < 0.05). In the symptom subscale, the lateral joint laxity at 60° flexion in group H was significantly smaller than that in group L (p < 0.05). Surgeons should pay attention to the importance of both medial and lateral joint stabilities to achieve better postoperative PROMs following BCS TKA.
Damsels in distress: gender and negative place branding
Authors: Durrani Sameera
Published: March 2022

This article provides a historical perspective on how institutionalized articulations of gender in visual news narratives may contribute towards the erosion of a country’s soft power potential. It analyses thirty years of photographic coverage given by an elite western publication, Time magazine to women from two countries with problematic place brands: Iran and Pakistan. This study documents how iterative longitudinal patterns of visual grammar contribute towards the layered marginalization of women within narratives. Women are much less visible in terms of image frequency, with selective value placed on certain kinds of female subjects across the decades, choices often shaped by stereotypes as well as foreign policy preferences. For Iranian women, the visual discourse empowers women resisting conservative forces, and valorizes trailblazers redefining the public space. For Pakistani women, a narrative showcasing political activism devolves into one highlighting victims/activists in the context of gender-based discrimination. The choice of ‘valuable’ bodies in both instances, expressed with the help of quantifiable semiotic trends in camera angles, shot and gaze, is imbued with indirect judgment of the political leadership and cultural and socio-political systems of the countries themselves. In both cases, the overall narrative is of a system pre-disposed to oppress women, thus negatively juxtaposing the ‘people’ aspect of the Anholt Nation Brand Index against the elements of governance, culture and heritage, to the overall detriment of both place brands.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Procedural necessity in primary investigation work
Authors: Moussa Ahmad Fekry , Al Qatawneh Ibrahim Suleiman , Kandeel Moustafa Elmetwaly
Published: March 2022

This study focuses on the procedural necessity of primary investigations, since necessity is a common legal term and constitutes a theory in some branches of law. Procedural necessity has sparked controversy and debate about its legitimacy, and its subjectivity in the criminal procedure law in many Arab countries in the preliminary investigation work. Defining its scope, conditions, and nature can be especially challenging. This study shows the position of the Arab procedural legislation and judiciary systems regarding procedural necessity in the primary investigation work in various legal systems, especially in Egypt. Based on the assessment of the existing legislative regulation in Arab countries, the study gives grounds to talk about the inadmissibility of expanding the discretionary powers of the authorities associated with circumstances excluding the crime of an act, as this can create preconditions for abuse of officials and limit the existing individual rights and freedoms of citizens.