bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding of myofascial trigger points
Authors: Zhuang Xiaoqiang , Tan Shusheng , Huang Qiangmin
Published: September 2023

Objective

To investigate the current practice of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) including current epidemiology, pathology, diagnosis and treatment.

Data sources

The data analyzed in this review were mainly from relevant articles without restriction on the publication date reported in PubMed, MedSci, Google scholar. The terms “myofasial trigger points” and “myofacial pain syndrome” were used for the literature search.

Study selection

Original articles with no limitation of research design and critical reviews containing data relevant to myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) and MPS were retrieved, reviewed, analyzed and summarized.

Results

Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is characterized by painful taut band, referred pain, and local response twitch with a prevalence of 85% to 95% of incidence. Several factors link to the etiology of MTrPs, such as the chronic injury and overload of muscles. Other factors, such as certain nutrient and hormone insufficiency, comorbidities, and muscle imbalance may also maintain the MTrP in an active status and induce recurrent pain. The current pathology is that an extra leakage acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction induces persistent contracture knots, relative to some hypotheses of integration, muscle spindle discharges, spinal segment sensitization, ect. MTrPs can be diagnosed and localized based on a few subjective criteria. Several approaches, including both direct and supplementary treatments, can inactivate MTrPs. Direct treatments are categorized into invasive and conservative.

Conclusion

This review provides a clear understanding of MTrP pain and introduces the most useful treatment approaches in China.
How Effective Are Interactive Social Media Interventions for Changing Health and Health Behaviors? A Cochrane Review Summary with Commentary
Authors: Wallace Ina F. , Viswanathan Meera , McInnis Stephanie , Sobolewski Jessica
Published: September 2023

This brief summarizes the published Cochrane Review, “Behavioural Interventions Delivered Through Interactive Social Media for Health Behaviour Change, Health Outcomes, and Health Equity in the Adult Population,” by J. Petkovic, S. Duench, J. Trawin, O. Dewidar, J. Pardo Pardo, R. Simeon, M. DesMeules, D. Gagnon, J. Hatcher Roberts, A. Hossain, K. Pottie, T. Rader, P. Tugwell, M. Yoganathan, J. Presseau, & V. Welch (https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012932.pub2). The Cochrane Review examines whether interactive social media interventions improve health behaviors and health outcomes, concluding that such interventions may benefit physical activity, weight loss, and well-being, but the evidence is not strong due to extensive heterogeneity and small effects. The review defines interactive social media as “activities, practices, or behaviours among communities of people who have gathered online to interactively to share information, knowledge, and opinions… in which adults are able to communicate directly with each other” (p. 1). The review and original commentary acknowledge the limitations, suggesting that future social media intervention trials use a common set of outcome measures, examine the role of mediating variables, and measure adherence. The original commentary describes other social media research that has shown an impact.
EFL Teachers’ Challenges on the Usage of Online Assessment Methods
Authors: El Hassan Fatima Ahmed Mohamed , Ahmed Rawda Bashir Abdullah
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study is to investigate the challenges that EFL teachers face while assessing their students online and to find out some solutions EFL teachers can adopt to overcome the challenges of online assessments. The study has followed the descriptive approach by investigating some previous studies that shed the light on the online assessment that done by EFL teachers. According to most of previous studies, the results of this study show that most of EFL teachers face challenges when using online assessment methods. the severity of these challenges is the iinternet cost and connection all the studies which were investigated by the researchers have these findings. Then, comes lack of digital literacy, less motivated and discouraged students and academic dishonesty respectively. The study recommends that EFL teachers should improve their computer literacy to be able to manage computers well or to operate a basic online platform. In addition, teachers should adopt effective and interesting teaching materials and techniques to increase students' motivation and enthusiasm for learning.
Emprendimiento del Agronegocio de Lácteos en la Provincia de Hualgayoc
Authors: Llamoctanta-Huamán Noé , Ortiz-Regalado Oscar , Llamo-Burga Mary Jhanina , Lizana Guevara Nikolays Pedro
Published: September 2023

La investigación se centró en un minucioso análisis del emprendimiento en el sector de agronegocios lácteos, particularmente en la provincia de Hualgayoc. Utilizando un enfoque hipotético-deductivo y analítico-sintético, respaldado por técnicas de observación y encuestas con la asistencia del software estadístico SPSS FOR Windows versión 28, se examinaron factores clave que influyeron en el emprendimiento, tales como la producción, la adopción de tecnologías, la dinámica de la demanda y diversos obstáculos. Destacamos que un 38% de los emprendimientos procesó un significativo 48% de la producción total de lácteos, mientras que un 30% de los proveedores enfrentó enfermedades en los animales, en particular la mastitis, y un 36% ya empleaba tecnologías en sus operaciones. En conclusión, este estudio puso de manifiesto la relevancia de la producción, la demanda del mercado y los factores limitantes en los emprendimientos del agronegocio lácteo de la provincia de Hualgayoc.
Biotechnologies and patent law: The case of European Union
Authors: Shcherbakova A. I.
Published: September 2023

The rapid development of biotechnologies requires taking comprehensive steps to actualise and consolidate actions. In order to introduce new technologies into life in the most rapid and appropriate way, it is imperative to establish mechanisms and instruments that meet contemporary challenges. This article presents an overview of institutional innovations of the European Union, which create favourable conditions, including for the protection of research results in the field of biotechnology. At the same time, this paper highlights new risks arising from the “information hunt” implicitly announced in the field of biotechnology. Particular attention is paid to the efforts to cooperate and harmonise approaches to the protection of intellectual rights in the biotechnology realm by the European Union and the European Patent Organisation. For the purposes of this article, one of the key factors in considering the new European Unitary Patent System through a biotechnologies perspective is the fact that the acts governing the activity contain distinctive provisions that are specific to biotechnologies. The latter manifests both in the acts introducing the System and in the current format of the Unitary Patent Court. The article states that the EU is endeavouring to provide the new institution with digital tools. Such tools are provided both at the stage of familiarising oneself with the rules and procedures of the Unified Patent Court and for performing key actions when dealing directly with a European unitary patent. However, the digitalisation of some procedures entails certain risks, primarily related to data security (e.g., sensitive development data or personal data of people involved in biotechnological developments may be made public). Once biotechnology development data are lost, there are serious consequences, both financial and scientific. In this regard, the article points out what protection formats are currently proposed and indicates that there is a need to further develop this field.
Rusty Weapons in a Digital Battlespace
Authors: White Samuel
Published: September 2023

This article explores the evolving landscape of foreign interference in domestic affairs, particularly in the context of ‘information operations’ facilitated by the internet. The primary focus of the article is on the lawful authority to respond to external information operations, and how this authority may be shaped by international law. Specifically, the article explores the royal prerogative in two manifestations — the war prerogative, and external affairs prerogative — as a potential source of authority. In doing so, the article employs an analytical framework by Winterton, distinguishing between the ‘breadth’ and ‘depth’ of constitutional executive power. The article acknowledges the limited case law and debates surrounding these prerogatives’ scope and triggers, and slight nuances between British and Australian jurisprudence. It discusses the relationship between the war prerogative and the existence of armed conflict and touches on how international law can support the exercise of the war prerogative through the ‘public policy test’. Drawing from international legal perspectives, the article references United Nations resolutions from 1976 and 1981 that emphasise the importance of domestic legal remedies against information operations. It stresses the duty of states to combat the dissemination of false or distorted news that interferes with other states’ internal affairs. In sum, the article concludes that, while countering IOs is a matter requiring domestic legal authority, international law can likely extend the ambit of the royal prerogative and should also, as a matter of public policy, apply to such campaigns.
PRIORITIES OF IMPACT INVESTING IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PROJECTS: THE CASE OF THE FUTURE POST-WAR RECONSTRUCTION OF UKRAINE
Authors: Rieznyk Oleksandra , Treus Alla , Kozmenko Serhiy
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this article is to identify environmental protection projects for priority impact investing on the example of the future post-war reconstruction of Ukraine. To evaluate priorities, it is proposed to use the results of a survey of ten independent experts in the field of environmental projects and ecology, belonging to the public, private and non-profit sectors of Ukraine. The survey includes an assessment of environmental protection projects based on the importance and effectiveness of their impact, the characteristics of stakeholders, the duration and risks of the projects, their contribution to the environment and sustainable development. The obtained scores are ranked based on the criteria of Laplace, Wald, Hurwitz, Savage, and Bord and Condorcet rules. In accordance with this, the most priority projects for impact investing are environmental protection projects aimed at land reclamation, conservation and protection, forest restoration, implementation of the national system of trading quotas for greenhouse gas emissions, and eco-modernization of industrial and infrastructural enterprises. This indicates the need for a comprehensive multi-vector approach to the selection of priority areas for impact investing. The lessons learned will be useful for the effective direction or selection of investment projects, their forecasting and analysis.
Automatic Detection of Plateau Phases in Light Curves of Variable Stars
Authors: Lavrukhina Anastasia , Malanchev Konstantin , Kornilov Matwey V.
Published: September 2023

Modern astronomical surveys produce millions of light curves of variable sources. These massive data sets challenge the community to create automatic light-curve processing methods for detection, classification, and characterization of variable stars. In this paper, we present a novel method for extracting the variable components of a light curve based on Otsu’s thresholding method. To validate the effectiveness of this method, we apply it to the light curves of detached eclipsing binaries and dwarf novae, sourced from Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment catalogs.
Vitreous Magnesium Sulfate Hydrate as a Potential Mechanism for Preservation of Microbial Viability on Europa
Authors: Parker Ceth W. , Vu Tuan H. , Kim Taewoo , Johnson Paul V.
Published: September 2023

Europa's subsurface ocean is postulated to contain appreciable amounts of Mg2+ and

SO

4

2
−

ions, among other species. Recent laboratory experiments have shown that when solutions containing these species freeze to Europa-relevant temperatures, they can form vitreous MgSO4 hydrate, which can remain stable at these temperatures. Since vitreous phases can protect cells from physical damage that can occur during crystallization, their presence on Europa could potentially preserve entrained microorganisms from the ocean below. However, to date, it remains unclear whether such materials actually impact microbial survival. In this work, experiments were performed in which the motile nonspore-forming Antarctic isolate Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis in solutions of 0.1 M MgSO4 were frozen to Europa surface temperatures (100 K) under conditions that resulted in the formation of either vitreous or crystalline salt hydrates. We found that cells survived in both cases, exhibiting a 3-log reduction in viable cells in the crystalline salt hydrate case while only a 1.5-log reduction in the vitreous salt hydrate case. Scanning electron microscopy accordingly showed much higher degrees of membrane lysis and cellular damage in the crystalline salt hydrate than the vitreous case. Our results demonstrate the ability of a terrestrial oceanic microorganism to survive in MgSO4 solutions frozen to Europa surface temperatures, with enhanced viability in vitreous salt-hydrate-producing conditions versus crystalline. These findings suggest that future missions should target vitrified salt-rich environments for life detection due to this potential for preserving viable microorganisms that may be present and trapped in ocean world ices.
Les circuits courts alimentaires
Authors: Raton Gwenaëlle
Published: September 2023

Cet article illustre de façon concrète et détournée les relations villes-campagnes. Les circuits courts alimentaires sont considérés comme vertueux (réduction des intermédiaires et des distances, « locavorisme »), mais qu’en est-il vraiment de leur durabilité, compte-tenu de leur complexité logistique ? Pour le producteur, premier maillon de la chaîne, la commercialisation et le transport représentent travail et coûts supplémentaires. Les circuits courts ne sont pas moins énergivores : flux entre fermes et points de vente fragmentés en une multitude de petits volumes. L’auteur propose plusieurs formes d’organisation pour pallier à ces inconvénients : mutualiser le transport entre producteurs partenaires et promouvoir une coopération logistique territoriale, consolider le transfert de flux en le déléguant à un prestataire extérieur. L’enjeu de la logistique et le rôle des intermédiaires non commerciaux sont clé.
Les Soulèvements de la Terre
Authors: Haeringer Nicolas
Published: September 2023

L’auteur souhaite s’extraire du piège consistant à s’enferrer dans le débat sur le maintien de l’ordre pour se pencher sur les raisons profondes qui sous-tendent la répression brutale contre les Soulèvements de la Terre. Pour lui, il s’agit de réprimer la remise en cause du système sur le plan de la production (et non plus sur celui de la consommation) par la défense des territoires. Ceci traduit l’affrontement de deux mondes, la remise en cause du rapport entre humain·es et autres qu’humain·es.
Le Louvre en feu
Authors: Hervé Louise , Maillet Clovis
Published: September 2023

En se replongeant dans les archives d’un mouvement artistique oublié, qui se réunissait au Louvre pour méditer sur les révolutions à apporter à l’art (celui des Méditateurs et des Dormeuses) nous faisons retour sur plusieurs cas de performances mises en scène dans ce musée. Les artistes questionnent le conservatisme des institutions, proposent de les perturber et de faire de ces perturbations des œuvres d’art.
Défense de l’anachronisme en tant que puissance politique
Authors: Ramírez-Blanco Julia , Lobos Garcia Millaray , Querrien Anne , Hervé Louise , Maillet Clovis
Published: September 2023

Pour les Dormeuses et les Méditateurs, l’anachronisme est placé au centre de leur discours artistique et de leur pratique vitale. En s’habillant en Grecs et en vivant en communauté à la périphérie de la ville, ils tentent d’incarner leur vision idéalisée de l’Antiquité. Par leur absence de fidélité historique, ils ouvraient également un espace d’expérimentation sociale. Ce texte soulève donc la possibilité d’utiliser l’anachronisme comme outil pour débloquer l’imagination politique et imaginer de nouveaux horizons collectifs.
Les apparences hors-normes de l’art
Authors: Delille Damien
Published: September 2023

L’utopie politique et artistique des Méditateurs s’est concrétisée à travers les habits de la liberté qu’ils et elles ont portés, sur fond d’évènements politiques postrévolutionnaires. Quelles étaient leurs pratiques performatives visant à réunir l’art et la vie, pour se réinventer soi-même. Guidés par l’idéal antique, les artistes Maurice Quay et Lucile Franque deviennent les héros romantiques d’un nouvel âge, dont le vêtement est la plus parfaite expression.
The coupling system of Kirchhoff and Euler-Bernoulli plates with logarithmic source terms: Strong damping versus weak damping of variable-exponent type
Authors: Al-Mahdi Adel M.
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we study the asymptotic behavior of solutions of the dissipative coupled system where we have interactions between a Kirchhoff plate and a Euler-Bernoulli plate. We investigate the interaction between the internal strong damping acting in the Kirchhoff equation and internal weak damping of variable-exponent type acting in the Euler-Bernoulli equation. By using the potential well, the energy method (multiplier method) combined with the logarithmic Sobolev inequality, we prove the global existence and derive the stability results. We show that the solutions of this system decay to zero sometimes exponentially and other times polynomially. We find explicit decay rates that depend on the weak damping of the variable-exponent type. This outcome extends earlier results in the literature.
Global Hopf bifurcation of a cholera model with media coverage
Authors: He Jie , Bai Zhenguo
Published: September 2023

We propose a model for cholera under the impact of delayed mass media, including human-to-human and environment-to-human transmission routes. First, we establish the extinction and uniform persistence of the disease with respect to the basic reproduction number. Then, we conduct a local and global Hopf bifurcation analysis by treating the delay as a bifurcation parameter. Finally, we carry out numerical simulations to demonstrate theoretical results. The impact of the media with the time delay is found to not influence the threshold dynamics of the model, but is a factor that induces periodic oscillations of the disease.
An image encryption algorithm based on the double time-delay Lorenz system
Authors: Zhou Yuzhen , Zhu Erxi , Li Shan
Published: September 2023

The traditional image encryption technology has the disadvantages of low encryption efficiency and low security. According to the characteristics of image information, an image encryption algorithm based on double time-delay chaos is proposed by combining the delay chaotic system with traditional encryption technology. Because of the infinite dimension and complex dynamic behavior of the delayed chaotic system, it is difficult to be simulated by AI technology. Furthermore time delay and time delay position have also become elements to be considered in the key space. The proposed encryption algorithm has good quality. The stability and the existence condition of Hopf bifurcation of Lorenz system with double delay at the equilibrium point are studied by nonlinear dynamics theory, and the critical delay value of Hopf bifurcation is obtained. The system intercepts the pseudo-random sequence in chaotic state and encrypts the image by means of scrambling operation and diffusion operation. The algorithm is simulated and analyzed from key space size, key sensitivity, plaintext image sensitivity and plaintext histogram. The results show that the algorithm can produce satisfactory scrambling effect and can effectively encrypt and decrypt images without distortion. Moreover, the scheme is not only robust to statistical attacks, selective plaintext attacks and noise, but also has high stability.
AB-GRU: An attention-based bidirectional GRU model for multimodal sentiment fusion and analysis
Authors: Wu Jun , Zheng Xinli , Wang Jiangpeng , Wu Junwei , Wang Ji
Published: September 2023

Multimodal sentiment analysis is an important area of artificial intelligence. It integrates multiple modalities such as text, audio, video and image into a compact multimodal representation and obtains sentiment information from them. In this paper, we improve two modules, i.e., feature extraction and feature fusion, to enhance multimodal sentiment analysis and finally propose an attention-based two-layer bidirectional GRU (AB-GRU, gated recurrent unit) multimodal sentiment analysis method. For the feature extraction module, we use a two-layer bidirectional GRU network and connect two layers of attention mechanisms to enhance the extraction of important information. The feature fusion part uses low-rank multimodal fusion, which can reduce the multimodal data dimensionality and improve the computational rate and accuracy. The experimental results demonstrate that the AB-GRU model can achieve 80.9% accuracy on the CMU-MOSI dataset, which exceeds the same model type by at least 2.5%. The AB-GRU model also possesses a strong generalization capability and solid robustness.
Dynamic analysis of a Leslie-Gower predator-prey model with the fear effect and nonlinear harvesting
Authors: Wu Hongqiuxue , Li Zhong , He Mengxin
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we investigate the stability and bifurcation of a Leslie-Gower predator-prey model with a fear effect and nonlinear harvesting. We discuss the existence and stability of equilibria, and show that the unique equilibrium is a cusp of codimension three. Moreover, we show that saddle-node bifurcation and Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation can occur. Also, the system undergoes a degenerate Hopf bifurcation and has two limit cycles (i.e., the inner one is stable and the outer is unstable), which implies the bistable phenomenon. We conclude that the large amount of fear and prey harvesting are detrimental to the survival of the prey and predator.
Preliminary indication of the role of AHL-dependent quorum sensing systems in calcium carbonate precipitation in Gram-negative bacteria
Authors: Cacchio Paola , Pellegrini Marika , Farda Beatrice , Djebaili Rihab , Tabacchioni Silvia , Del Gallo Maddalena
Published: September 2023

Numerous microbial species participate in precipitation of carbonates in various natural environments, including soils, geological formations, freshwater biofilms and oceans. Despite the geochemical interest of such a biomineralization process, its molecular mechanisms and adaptive aspects remain poorly known. Many Gram-negative bacteria use cell-to-cell communication systems relying on N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHLs) signal molecules to express certain phenotypic traits in a density-dependent manner, a phenomenon referred as to quorum-sensing (QS). In this work, bacterial isolates collected from cave and rhizosphere soil were analyzed to study the occurrence of the AHL-mediated QS in bacterial calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation. To test the production of AHLs signal molecules, we cross-streaked Gram-negative calcifying strains, selected among the environmental strains studied, with the AHL-negative mutant Chromobacterium subtsugae strain CV026. Only Burkholderia ambifaria LMG 11351 was able to restore violacein production in CV026 among the tested strains. The constructed AHL-negative mutant of B. ambifaria LMG 11351 could not precipitate CaCO3 on B-4 agar. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis on CaCO3 crystals obtained in vitro shows crystals of different morphologies, calcified biofilms and bacteria in close contact with the precipitated crystals. In the inner layers of the bioliths deposited by B. ambifaria LMG 11351, a stream-like organization of the Burkholderia imprints was not detected by SEM. Our data provide preliminary evidence that the activation of AHL-regulated genes may be a prerequisite for in vitro bacterial carbonatogenesis, in some cases, confirming the specific role of bacteria as CaCO3 precipitating agents. We enhance the understanding of bacterial CaCO3 biomineralization and its potential biotechnology implications for QS-based strategies to enhance or decrease CaCO3 precipitation through specific bacterial processes. The AHL-negative mutant of B. ambifaria LMG 11351 (a well-known plant growth-promoting bacterium) could also be used to study plant-bacteria interactions. The adaptive role of bacterial CaCO3 biomineralization was also discussed.
Algorithms for two-agent unbounded serial-batch scheduling with makespan and maximum lateness objectives
Authors: Li Shuguang , Li Mingsong , Khan Muhammad Ijaz
Published: September 2023

We study the problem of non-preemptively scheduling jobs from two agents on an unbounded serial-batch machine. Agents $ A $ and $ B $ have $ n_A $ and $ n_B $ jobs. The machine can process any number of jobs sequentially as a batch, and the processing time of the batch is equal to the total processing time of the jobs in it. Each batch requires a setup time before it is processed. Compatibility means that the jobs from different agents can be processed in a common batch; Otherwise, the jobs from different agents are incompatible. Both the compatible and incompatible models are considered, under both the batch availability and item availability assumptions. Batch availability means that any job in a batch is not available until all the jobs in this batch are completed. Item availability means that a job in a batch becomes available immediately after it is completed processing. The completion time of a job is defined to be the moment when it is available. The goal is to minimize the makespan of agent $ A $ and the maximum lateness of agent $ B $ simultaneously. For the compatible model with batch availability, an $ O(n_A+n_B^2\log n_B) $-time algorithm is presented which improves the existing $ O(n_A+n_B^4\log n_B) $-time algorithm. A slight modification of the algorithm solves the incompatible model with batch availability in $ O(n_A+n_B^2\log n_B) $ time, which has the same time complexity as the existing algorithm. For the compatible model with item availability, the analysis shows that it is easy and admits an $ O(n_A+n_B\log n_B) $-time algorithm. For the incompatible model with item availability, an $ O(n_A+n_B\log n_B) $-time algorithm is also obtained which improves the existing $ O(n_A+n_B^2) $-time algorithm. The algorithms can generate all Pareto optimal points and find a corresponding Pareto optimal schedule for each Pareto optimal point.
Factors Determining the Need for LMS in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almashyakhi Ali , Abozandah Talal Ali
Published: September 2023

It is important for Saudi Arabian teachers to develop transformational communication skills so they can communicate information effectively. In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, Saudi Arabian teachers played a crucial role in maintaining education activities. The study examined teachers' behavioral intentions regarding the use of learning management systems (Madrasati). UTAUT can be used to determine individuals' technological intentions and behaviors. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated from a survey of 100 teachers. Statistically significant correlations were found for dependencies, performance expectations, effort expectations, voluntariness, social influence, and facilitating conditions. Furthermore, there is no significant difference between males and females in behavioral intentions. Additionally, age, experience, and behavioral traits do not contribute significantly to behavioral intention to use Madrasati. Learning management systems are used for a variety of reasons, and this study offers empirical evidence supporting these reasons.
Design of an Instant Data Analysis System for Sports Training Based on Data Mining Technology
Authors: Lei QunBi
Published: September 2023

Data mining (DM) is an in-depth approach to data analysis by mining useful information from large amounts of data, and this technique is now being used in an increasing number of fields. In this paper, the authors present the design of a real-time data analysis system for sports training based on DM technology and use the corresponding mining tools of DM technology to discover relevant patterns or laws hidden in the data. Therefore, using the real-time data analysis system for sports training based on DM technology, useful information and patterns for improving examination performance can be obtained, which can improve targeted teaching methods and help students overcome learning difficulties, providing rational teaching, synchronizing courses, establishing preparation, effectively guiding students in course selection, and improving course quality and educational effectiveness.
DESENVOLVIMENTO E TEORIZAÇÃO DA CULTURA DE CONSUMO: ORIGEM E CONSOLIDAÇÃO DE UMA PERSPECTIVA INTERPRETATIVA E MULTIDISCIPLINAR
Authors: Senra Karin Borges , Vieira Francisco Giovanni David
Published: September 2023

A compreensão da trajetória e consolidação da Consumer Culture Theory (CCT) é relevante para posicionamento de pesquisadores no campo e para compreender origens e motivações sociais e históricas para a sua formação. Tal empreendimento é apresentado nesta revisão teórica, que tem como objetivo apresentar a origem e trajetória da CCT, que passa pela formação da cultura de consumo e encerra com a construção do conhecimento, identidade e limites de atuação da CCT ao longo do tempo. Ao longo de aproximadamente 30 anos de existência essa perspectiva tem como marcos trabalhos de Holbrook e Hirschman (1982) e Arnould e Thompson (2005), além do Projeto da Odisseia do consumidor. No cenário brasileiro, a formação de grupos de pesquisa, como o CCB, representa uma ampliação da atuação de CCT, bem como um trabalho de coordenação e cooperação com o que se produz no exterior. Essa discussão reforça a diversidade de CCT, motiva mais estudos na área e contribui para a consolidação e legitimação do campo.
Editorial
Authors: Pereira Jussara Jéssica
Published: September 2023

none
Casting of Thin Aluminum Alloy Wire Using a Single Wheel Caster
Authors: Haga Toshio , Makita Mizuki , Watari Hisaki , Nishida Shinichi
Published: September 2023

Thin aluminum alloy (Al-4.7%Mg) wire was cast using a single-wheel caster. The target cross-sectional area of the thin wire was less than 20 mm2. Use of a copper wheel with a groove and a molten metal ejection nozzle was proposed to cast thin wire. The molten metal ejection nozzle was used to eject a small cross-sectional area of the melt into the narrow groove on the wheel. The relationship among wheel speed, nozzle size, melt ejection speed, stability of the melt on the wheel, and cross-sectional area of the wire was investigated. When the diameter of the nozzle hole was 1.5 or 2 mm, the target was attained. When the nozzle diameter was larger than 3 mm, the cross-sectional area was greater than 20 mm2. When the diameter of the nozzle hole was smaller than 1 mm, the melt flow was unstable. A round wire could be cast at wheel speeds ranging from 9 m/min to 14 m/min. The smallest wire cross-sectional area was 4.7 mm2.
Manufacturing Bio-Inspired Material Surfaces for Enhancing Energy Efficiency and Applications
Authors: Jiménez-Salvador Óscar , Calvo Roque , Rubio Miguel Berzal
Published: September 2023

Better use of material and energy resources is fundamental in any human activity. Finding better and more sustainable solutions might be inspired by nature herself. The natural evolution of life has shown a successful testing path of sustainable solutions that can be the inspiring starting point for engineering and manufacturing new directions of continuous improvement. This is the role that biomimicry can play. Evolution has been continuously testing this end, thriving strategies with better optimization in its yield. Keeping nature at the center of every design process will lead in the right direction. This is the role that biomimicry can play. Biomimicry or bioinspiration makes the most of the following methodologies: observing how evolution has achieved efficient strategies in any field of interest and realizing how to implement them or having a problem to solve and searching in Nature to find guidance or inspiration to succeed. Through a systematic review of some of the latest developments in manufacturing, focused on their capability to approach (mimic) natural textures; some applications are characterized and tested successfully to reduce energy consumption, improve efficiency, or reduce friction, among other potential improvements. In nature, actual surfaces present a functional texture. Natural evolution has developed textures showing real advantages for different functional purposes. Analyzing those natural surfaces can improve engineering surfaces’ qualitative and quantitative design. A correlation between scales, manufacturing processes, and natural strategies (surface features) will help map new product and engineering design areas of interest. This paper explores these correlations of natural surfaces with functional characteristics that make them sustainable and appropriate for inspiring research directions in manufacturing engineering surfaces. It mainly looks for contributions to efficient energy use in engineered solutions.
Design and Evaluation of an Eco-Efficient RHVT-Cooled Ti6Al4V Drilling Process
Authors: Roldán-Jiménez Luis , Fernández-Vidal Severo Raúl , Puerta-Morales Francisco Javier , Valerga-Puerta Ana Pilar , Bañón-García Fermín
Published: September 2023

The continuous demand focused on optimizing titanium machining techniques in the aerospace industry, makes improving machining processes in this area of great interest to the industry. The contamination produced by the coolants used to machine titanium is a major problem to be addressed, since it is a material that requires cooling due to its strength, physical qualities and low thermal conductivity. That is why the implementation of a RHVT cooling system can improve the current situation. The aim of this work is to compare the final quality of the drilling by applying the system of RHTV (Ranque Hilsch Vortex Tube) cooling techniques and to see the advantages of its application with the dry machining process. This cooling system is expected to reduce drilling temperatures, thereby increasing the environmental performance of the manufacturing process. It is expected to set up a preliminary study based on a comparison between dry drilling and drilling assisted by the application of RHTV. Macro and microgeometric defects will be evaluated to determine the cooling system efficiency, as well as the machining temperatures reached.
Influence of Grooves Angle of Textured Ceramic Tools on the Final Roughness and Cutting Forces of Cold Work Tool Steel
Authors: Fernández-Lucio Pablo , Pereira Neto Octavio , Urbikain Gorka , Ukar Eneko , de Lacalle Luis Norberto López
Published: September 2023

Ceramic tools are a feasible solution for machining hard steels due to their excellent performance in high-temperature environments, which improves productivity. However, the high cutting speeds achieved with ceramic tools can generate cutting temperatures so high that they damage the surface roughness of the component. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the influence of different texturing inclinations on the final roughness of the component and the cutting forces during cutting on Al2O3 with TiC for the turning of 1.2990 cold work tool steel. The experimental setup involved testing five different texture grooves inclinations on the rake face of CNGA 120408 inserts, with a recommended cutting speed of 180 m/min, feed of 0.15 mm/rev, and a depth of cut of 0.5 mm. The tests were carried out in dry conditions. Results showed that the textured tools produced lower cutting forces (8%) and better surface roughness (improvement of 16% for Ra and 18% for Rz) than the reference tool without texture. Therefore, texturing inclinations can be used to mitigate the impact of high cutting speeds on the component during ceramic tool machining.
Pectin/PVA-Borax Hydrogel with Self-Healing Ability
Authors: Nichakornpong Nichakan , Potiyaraj Pranut , Okhawilai Manunya
Published: September 2023

Hydrogels are polymers with soft and high-water absorption characteristics similar to biological tissues, leading to several potential applications, such as artificial organs, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and strain sensor. Interestingly, hydrogels can be designed to heal themselves after being damaged. In this research, hydrogels with self-healing ability from pectin and polyvinyl alcohol were prepared by simple physical mixing. Borax was used as a crosslinking agent to obtain crosslinked hydrogel structure by the formation of dynamic boron ester bonds. Glycerol was also added to the hydrogels as an anti-freezing agent and a stabilizer. The microstructures, mechanical properties, self-healing ability and swelling properties of the pectin/PVA-borax hydrogels were characterized. The results indicate that the size of microporous structure, modulus, tensile strength, self-healing time, swelling, and equilibrium water content of the pectin/PVA hydrogels increases with the increasing borax contents.
Physical and Optical Properties of Lead-Tungsten-Tellurite Glasses
Authors: Ansari Ghizal F. , Patidar Sunil , Pandey Rajiv , Kumar Rajiv
Published: September 2023

By using the melt quenching approach, a number of tellurite-based heavy metal oxide glasses codoped with varied lead oxide (PbO), (80-x)TeO2-20%WO3-xPbO (x = 5, 10, 15 and 20 mol%) compositions, have been created. By using UV-Vis-IR spectroscopy, forbidden energy gap, Urbach energy, and refractive index were calculated and the contribution of PbO to the glasses structure was investigated. Calculations were also made for physical parameters such as density, molar mass, and oxygen packing density, polaron radius, inter-ionic distance, and molar refraction. The direct and indirect optical band gaps is 3.29 to 3.33 eV and 3.2 to 3.3 eV, respectively. The fact that the nonbridging oxygen ion content rises with increasing PbO content and shifts the band edge to lower frequencies, may be the cause of a drop in the values of the energy band gap Eg.
Evaluation of Geometric Defects Produced in Abrasive Water Jet Drilling of Steel S275JR
Authors: Sambruno Alejandro , Puerta-Morales Francisco Javier , Barba-Egea Juan Antonio , Bañón-García Fermín
Published: September 2023

Drilling of metal alloys is an operation that is still performed today in many industrial sectors such as aeronautics, automotive or civil engineering. This is mainly due to the high number of mechanical joints that must be made in structural elements. However, it is known that conventional drilling operations can generate defects on the machined surface mainly due to the effect of temperature on the tool and the material. For this reason, a non conventional process such as abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) is ideal for this type of operation. The decrease in temperature along the process minimizes the defects generated while keeping a high surface finish on the machined part. Therefore, this research has been carried out, where a 2 mm thick S275JR steel has been drilled by abrasive water jet. An experimental methodology has been developed to carry out the drilling. The input parameters include hydraulic pressure (P), stand of distance (SOD), abrasive flow rate (AMF) and traverse speed of the tool head (TS). In order to carry out the experiment satisfactorily, micro-drilling trials have been carried out leaving the TS parameter fixed in order to know the behavior of the material against the kinetic energy presented by the water jet equipment. These holes have been analyzed by means of the geometrical defects obtained in the form of diameter and kerf taper angle. Finally, the most relevant conclusions of the research have been developed, where it is emphasized that kerf taper (KT) angle increases drastically with the increase in SOD, giving greater results in area and with a greater amount of deformations and projections.
Preliminary Evaluation of a Multipass Strategy in Abrasive Waterjet Machining of an Alloy UNS A92024
Authors: Bañón-García Fermín , Gómez-Parra Álvaro , Sambruno Alejandro , Mayuet Pedro Francisco
Published: September 2023

Abrasive waterjet cutting is a valuable method for removing material without causing thermal damage, making it suitable for machining materials of different thicknesses and minimising waste. However, machining thicker materials requires higher flow rates and pressure, resulting in increased energy consumption and surface defects that increase costs. This study proposes a multi-pass strategy to improve the performance of abrasive waterjet machining. The study aims to investigate the impact of the number of passes on the efficiency of machining a thick UNS A92024 alloy. Surface integrity will be evaluated from two perspectives: macrogeometry (such as machining depth and taper) using image processing, and microgeometry (surface roughness). The study will also analyse the relationship between the number of passes and traverse speed to identify the optimal combination and develop a predictive model to enhance overall process performance.
Finite Element Analysis of DP600 Steel Strips in Deformation Tests
Authors: de la Calle Salas Alejandro , Caballero Samuel Sánchez , Rasero Miguel Ángel Peydró , García Francisco José Parres , Sellés Cantó Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2023

DP600 steels are high strength steels used in structural elements of vehicles. However, they can be used in other sectors, but this requires a study in different working conditions, with the help of tools that facilitate the realization of predictions about the mechanical properties of these materials.The "Design Expert" software was used during this research. In it, the combinable input variables are introduced, which in this case are only the size of the pin and the folding angle of the sheet, so that employing simple combinatorial operations tells us how many and which experiments we will have to perform to cover the different possibilities.Simulations have been carried out with the Deform-2D software, applying the finite element method, to know in advance what is going to be the behavior of the metal sheets interacting with the rotating pin, in processes like drawing.
Tensile Strength and Flexibility Characterization of Biodegradable Plastic from Avocado (Persea Americana) Seed
Authors: Ong Ardvin Kester S. , Martinez Elidad Rachel R. , Padilla Jun Angelo S. , Robleza Tracie Danice F. , Gumasing Ma. Janice J. , Parinas Jerry S.
Published: September 2023

The increased use of plastics has become a major environmental problem, especially during this pandemic. Plastics have generated many problems, particularly waste disposal, which made the researchers aimed to develop biodegradable plastic through fruit waste material, avocado seeds. From a total of 3 kilograms of the avocado seed, starch was extracted through the traditional starch extraction method. There were three groups with the same ingredients but differing in their concentration; the relationship between the proportion of the ingredients and their respective differences was seen by using ANOVA and Post hoc tests. The samples have undergone a tensile strength test following ASTM D882. From the results, the best experimental group was the group with 40 grams of starch, 20 grams of polyvinyl alcohol, and 10 grams of used cooking oil; however, it is different from the biodegradable plastic bags used as the control group. It could be deduced that it is possible to make biodegradable plastic out of Avocado seed starch that is biodegradable, water-soluble, and non-toxic. However, further analysis may be conducted to provide physical features as commercial plastics.
Lipaemia retinalis – A case report on a life-saving timely ocular diagnosis
Authors: Rubasinghe D. M. , Ruwanchinthani H. K. A. , Perera S.
Published: September 2023

No abstract available
Advances and challenges of using multimodal imaging for the diagnosis of Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome
Authors: De Silva S. C. , Niruththan K. , Elvitigala D. C. , Wariyapola D. H. H.
Published: September 2023

No abstract available
Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Accumulation Suppresses Glycolysis and Attenuates the Macrophage Inflammatory Response by Diverting Transcription from the HIF-1α to the Nrf2 Pathway
Authors: Ting Kenneth K Y , Yu Pei , Dow Riley , Floro Eric , Ibrahim Hisham , Scipione Corey A , Hyduk Sharon J , Polenz Chanele K , Zaslaver Olga , Karmaus Peer W F , Fessler Michael B , Röst Hannes L , Ohh Michael , Tsai Sue , Winer Daniel A , Woo Minna , Rocheleau Jonathan , Jongstra-Bilen Jenny , Cybulsky Myron I
Published: September 2023

Lipid accumulation in macrophages (Mφs) is a hallmark of atherosclerosis, yet how lipid accumulation affects inflammatory responses through rewiring of Mφ metabolism is poorly understood. We modeled lipid accumulation in cultured wild-type mouse thioglycolate-elicited peritoneal Mφs and bone marrow–derived Mφs with conditional (Lyz2-Cre) or complete genetic deficiency of Vhl, Hif1a, Nos2, and Nfe2l2. Transfection studies employed RAW264.7 cells. Mφs were cultured for 24 h with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) or cholesterol and then were stimulated with LPS. Transcriptomics revealed that oxLDL accumulation in Mφs downregulated inflammatory, hypoxia, and cholesterol metabolism pathways, whereas the antioxidant pathway, fatty acid oxidation, and ABC family proteins were upregulated. Metabolomics and extracellular metabolic flux assays showed that oxLDL accumulation suppressed LPS-induced glycolysis. Intracellular lipid accumulation in Mφs impaired LPS-induced inflammation by reducing both hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α) stability and transactivation capacity; thus, the phenotype was not rescued in Vhl−/− Mφs. Intracellular lipid accumulation in Mφs also enhanced LPS-induced NF erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2)–mediated antioxidative defense that destabilizes HIF-1α, and Nrf2-deficient Mφs resisted the inhibitory effects of lipid accumulation on glycolysis and inflammatory gene expression. Furthermore, oxLDL shifted NADPH consumption from HIF-1α– to Nrf2-regulated apoenzymes. Thus, we postulate that repurposing NADPH consumption from HIF-1α to Nrf2 transcriptional pathways is critical in modulating inflammatory responses in Mφs with accumulated intracellular lipid. The relevance of our in vitro models was established by comparative transcriptomic analyses, which revealed that Mφs cultured with oxLDL and stimulated with LPS shared similar inflammatory and metabolic profiles with foamy Mφs derived from the atherosclerotic mouse and human aorta.