bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ТА ПРОБЛЕМИ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ BIG DATA В МЕДИЦИНІ
Authors: Petrov V.V. , Mintser O. P. , Kryuchyn A. A. , Kryuchyna Ye. A.
Published: December 2019

Проведено аналіз наукометричних баз даних Scopus, Web of Science, Ulrich's Periodicals, eLIBRARY.RU, Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, EconLit, Cochrane Library, UpToDate, ACP Journal Club, HINARI, українських баз даних (http:// www.meta.ua,http://www.nbuv.gov.ua), друкованих наукових статей, монографій і посібників, присвячених проблемі Віg Data в медицині за період з 2007 по 2019 роки за ключовими словами «Big Data», «medicine». Представлено результати впровадження технологій Big Data в клінічній та експериментальній медицини, системі менеджменту охорони здоров'я, фармації та клінічних дослідженнях. Big Data — соціально-економічний феномен, що пов'язаний із появою нових технологічних можливостей для аналізу величезної кількості даних. Показано, що цілями застосування Big Data в медицині є створення максимально повних реєстрів медичних даних, які обмінюються між собою інформацією, використання накопиченої інформації для прогнозування можливості розвитку захворювань та їх профілактики у кожного конкретного пацієнта, запобігання епідеміям, створення системи ціноутворення й оплати, нових бізнес-моделей, використання інтелектуального моделювання при розробці лікарських засобів, впровадження електронних карт пацієнта, що були б доступні кожному лікареві та дає можливість впровадження персоналізованої медицини. Основними технологіями оброблення Big Data є NoSQL, MapReduce, Hadoop, R, апаратні рішення. Доведено, що використання технологій Big Data в медицині може бути досягнуто при широкому представленні медико-біологічної інформації у цифровому вигляді, показано доцільність і необхідність забезпечення її оперативного передавання, в тому числі по каналах мобільного зв'язку, вказано на невирішені питання в застосуванні Big Data (неструктурованість, синтаксичні та семантичні проблеми даних, надмірність і ризик спотворення інформації, неповна відповідність вимогам доказової медицини, правові, морально-етичні, страхові аспекти, недостатність традиційних механізмів безпеки, таких як брандмауери та антивірусне програмне забезпечення). Наведені дані свідчать про перспективність використання даних технологій для істотного поліпшення якості медичного обслуговування населення.
Evidence for a Direct Harmful Effect of Alcohol on Myocardial Health: A Large Cross‐Sectional Study of Consumption Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Biomarkers From Northwest Russia, 2015 to 2017
Authors: Iakunchykova Olena , Averina Maria , Kudryavtsev Alexander V. , Wilsgaard Tom , Soloviev Andrey , Schirmer Henrik , Cook Sarah , Leon David A.
Published: December 2019

Background

Alcohol drinking is an increasingly recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, there are few studies of the impact of harmful and hazardous drinking on biomarkers of myocardial health. We conducted a study in Russia to investigate the impact of heavy drinking on biomarkers of cardiac damage and inflammation.

Methods and Results

The Know Your Heart study recruited a random sample of 2479 participants from the population of northwest Russia (general population) plus 278 patients (narcology clinic subsample) with alcohol problems. The general population sample was categorized into harmful drinkers, hazardous drinkers, nonproblem drinkers, and nondrinkers, according to self‐reported level of alcohol consumption, whereas the narcology clinic sample was treated as the separate group in the analysis. Measurements were made of the following: (1) high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T, (2) NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide), and (3) hsCRP (high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein). The narcology clinic subsample had the most extreme drinking pattern and the highest levels of all 3 biomarkers relative to nonproblem drinkers in the general population: high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T was elevated by 10.3% (95%
CI
, 3.7%–17.4%),
NT
‐pro
BNP
by 46.7% (95%
CI
, 26.8%–69.8%), and hsCRP by 69.2% (95%
CI
, 43%–100%). In the general population sample,
NT
‐pro
BNP
was 31.5% (95%
CI
, 3.4%–67.2%) higher among harmful drinkers compared with nonproblem drinkers. Overall,
NT
‐pro
BNP
and hsCRP increased with increasing intensity of alcohol exposure (test of trend
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

These results support the hypothesis that heavy alcohol drinking has an adverse effect on cardiac structure and function that may not be driven by atherosclerosis.
Mean Platelet Volume Does Not Predict Restenosis After Carotid Artery Stenting in Whites
Authors: Haidegger Melanie , Kneihsl Markus , Niederkorn Kurt , Deutschmann Hannes , Augustin Michael , Wünsch Gerit , Fandler-Höfler Simon , Horner Susanna , Fazekas Franz , Enzinger Christian , Gattringer Thomas
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose—

Mean platelet volume (MPV) indicates platelet activity possibly affecting patient’s risk for progressive atherosclerotic disease. A recent study identified elevated MPV as a predictor of in-stent restenosis (ISR) after carotid artery stenting (CAS) in a Chinese population. However, the role of MPV on the development of ISR following CAS in whites is yet unknown.

Methods—

We retrospectively identified all consecutive patients who underwent CAS for atherosclerotic disease at our center from 2005 to 2017. All patients were followed clinically and by duplex sonography at 1, 3, and 6 months and annually after CAS. ISR was defined as ≥50% stenosis (NASCET [North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial] criteria) in the treated vessel. MPV was assessed before CAS, at last follow-up and at the time of ISR detection.

Results—

Of 392 patients with CAS (mean age 68.5±9.5 years, 26.8% women, 42.3% symptomatic stenosis), 54 had ISR after a mean follow-up time of 32 months. Baseline MPV was not different in ISR compared with non-ISR patients (10.7 versus 10.6 fL,
P
=0.316). MPV levels did also not change from baseline to ISR detection (
P
=0.310) and were not associated with recurrent stroke or vascular events (
P
>0.5). Multivariable analysis identified active smoking as the sole risk factor for carotid ISR (odds ratio, 2.53 [95% CI, 1.21–5.29]).

Conclusions—

We did not identify MPV as a risk factor for ISR after CAS in whites. Smoking cessation is an important target to avoid this complication.
Stroke Etiology Modifies the Effect of Endovascular Treatment in Acute Stroke
Authors: Tiedt Steffen , Herzberg Moriz , Küpper Clemens , Feil Katharina , Kellert Lars , Dorn Franziska , Liebig Thomas , Alegiani Anna , Dichgans Martin , Wollenweber Frank A. , Alber B. , Bangard C. , Berrouschot J. , Bode F.J. , Boeckh-Behrens T. , Bohner G. , Bormann A. , Braun M. , Eckert B. , Fiehler J. , Flottmann F. , Gerloff C. , Hamann G.F. , Henn K.H. , Kastrup A. , Kraemer C. , Krause L. , Lehm M. , Liman J. , Lowens S. , Mpotsaris A. , Nolte C.H. , Papanagiotou P. , Petersen M. , Petzold G.C. , Pfeilschifter W. , Psychogios M.N. , Reich A. , von Rennenberg R. , Röther J. , Schäfer J.H. , Siebert E. , Siedow A. , Solymosi L. , Thomalla G. , Thonke S. , Wagner M. , Wunderlich S. , Zweynert S.
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose—

Stroke etiology drives thrombus composition. We thus hypothesized that endovascular treatment shows different efficacy in cardioembolic versus noncardioembolic large-vessel occlusions (LVOs).

Methods—

Procedural characteristics, grade of reperfusion, and functional outcome at discharge and 90 days were compared between patients with cardioembolic versus noncardioembolic LVO from the GSR-ET (German Stroke Registry–Endovascular Treatment; n=2589). To determine associations with functional outcome, adjusted odds ratios and 95% CIs were calculated using ordinal multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for potential baseline confounder variables.

Results—

Endovascular treatment of cardioembolic LVO had a higher rate of successful reperfusion (85.6% versus 81.0%;
P
=0.002) and a higher rate of complete reperfusion after a single thrombectomy pass (45.7% versus 38.1%;
P
<0.001) compared with noncardioembolic LVO. Cardioembolic LVO was associated with better functional outcome at discharge (adjusted odds ratio, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.37–1.88]) and 90 days (adjusted odds ratio, 1.29 [95% CI, 1.09–1.53]). In mediation analysis, reperfusion explained 47% of the effect of etiology on functional outcome at discharge.

Conclusions—

These results provide evidence for higher efficacy of endovascular treatment in cardioembolic LVO compared with noncardioembolic LVO.
Reordering the Assemblages of the Digital through Art and Open Prototyping
Authors: Hemment Drew
Published: December 2019

Open prototyping is presented as a conceptual and methodological framework for artistic practice and public participation that bridges the space between technology and society and contributes to city and technology innovation. Such practices can make ideas about the future tangible and realize different configurations of infrastructures, data, situations and people. Many works here are boundary objects, taking place in grey zones between disciplines and sectors. The article may thus deepen understanding at the fault lines between art and innovation and ways in which art can shape the direction of technology development.
In Search of a Perfect Match: Jian’an (196-220) Writing about Women and the Formation of a Literati Community
Authors: Hu Qiulei
Published: December 2019

The pursuit of divine women or women with divine beauty is a common theme in the earliest works of Chinese literature. Many fu (rhapsodies) composed at the Western Han courts feature the speaker’s failed pursuit of a beautiful woman. Yet during the Jian’an period, the image of a seductive yet inaccessible woman lost its prominence in the literary imagination and was replaced by a lonely beauty yearning for a worthy match and lamenting the swift passage of time. This transformation had much to do with the social and cultural transitions of this particular historical moment. This article places Jian’an representations of women in the context of group composition and literary communication at the Cao courts, and discusses the literary and political implications of these representations in comparison with previous court writing about women. The article argues that under a new environment of court writing, Jian’an literati transformed the image of beautiful women from the embodiment of imperial power and privilege into the symbol of their ideal personality and shared values. Writing about women became a crucial means to forming a literary and political community, and defining that community’s values and principles in a troubled time.
Living in a tiny world: reproductive biology and population ecology of the Neotropical miniature frog Euparkerella aff. brasiliensis (Terraranae, Strabomantidae)
Authors: Ardenghi Fusinatto Luciana , Diniz Bruno Lamy T. , Soares de Siqueira Andreza , Van Sluys Monique , Sequeira Fernando , Duarte Rocha Carlos F.
Published: December 2019

Miniaturisation is an important evolutionary trend for amphibians and has occurred several times in independent anuran lineages. Most miniaturised frogs live in the leaf litter of tropical forests and have terrestrial reproductive modes. They are expected to have reduced fecundity in number of eggs than larger-bodied related species, but little is known about reproductive cycles and proportion of reproductive females. Lower vagility is also assumed, however, as they are difficult to observe, there is little empirical evidence about their dispersal. We studied the reproductive biology (sex ratio, sexual size dimorphism and fecundity parameters) and population ecology (growth, dispersal, and phenology) of the miniature Guanabara Frog Euparkerella aff. brasiliensis (⩽ 20 mm). We collected and analysed 75 specimens of E. aff. brasiliensis, of which 27 were adult females with vitellogenic oocytes in their ovaries. Fecundity was low for number of eggs (average number = 9.7), but only one adult female had no vitellogenic oocytes. Sex ratio was relatively balanced among sexes, being female-biased (0.92) for all individuals and male-biased (1.17) for adults. Juveniles and ovigerous females were observed throughout the year during the two years of mark-recapture study, which indicates continuous breeding. We captured 121 individuals, of which 12% were recaptured in their original collection sites, suggesting low vagility. We discuss our findings considering the current knowledge about the ecology of miniaturised frogs and other Terraranae and suggest future directions for ecological studies and conservation planning.
‘Our Masculine Systems’: Virtual Representation and the Formation of an Anglo-American Gender Frontier
Authors: Reardon Matt
Published: December 2019

This manuscript privileges gender as both analytical tool and investigated object to argue for its causative role in American independence. It posits the political doctrine of virtual representation that Britain’s Parliament evoked to assert sovereignty over America in the 1760s generated a transatlantic debate over who and what constituted a freeborn Englishman, a figure at the center of power in the British Empire. For American Whigs the concept both denied to them their gendered prerogative to consent to legislation and arrested the male maturation process that they deemed critical to achieving masculine autonomy. Denied access to traditional avenues of power provided by property ownership and family mastery America men began emphasizing more readily obtainable categories of identity such as sex and gender to claim access to rights. This discursive shift produced a gender frontier that prevented reconciliation and allowed for the coherence of an American identity necessary for separation.
Carbon Pricing in US Electricity Markets: Expediting the Low-Carbon Transition While Mitigating the Growing Conflict between Renewable-Energy Goals and Regional Electricity Markets
Authors: Jones Kevin B. , Civiletti Benjamin B. , Sicker Angela J.
Published: December 2019

Open access to electric markets supports the integration of growing renewable energy resources. This is increasingly important as more US states aim to meet 100 percent of their energy needs with zero-emission resources. Currently states employ a wide variety of renewable energy targets and eligibility requirements. An example of the increasingly complex US state policy patchwork is state-mandated zero-emission credits (zecs) for nuclear facilities. Rather than increase conflict between clean energy goals and wholesale electric markets, there is a need for a more comprehensive regional approach that provides the appropriate price signals for carbon through existing market mechanisms. A carbon charge could be designed to eliminate the need for out-of-market zec payments to nuclear generation and significantly reduce state payments for renewable energy credits. This article examines the growing conflict between regional electricity markets and more localized clean-energy goals and explores how a carbon charge in the US regional electricity markets both mitigate this conflict and expedite the low-carbon transition.
Articulating the Inarticulate from the Margins of the State: A Post-Orientalist Alternative
Authors: Wong Pak Nung
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this essay is to elaborate on the theory and practice of the discursive analytical approach. In response to the epistemological and ontological challenges raised by the PPSJ 2002 forum on Orientalism and Philippine political studies, the discursive analytical approach aims to address power asymmetry in modern knowledge production, between the representing and represented. By examining the theories and practices of representation in positivism, interpretivism, structuralism and postmodernism, this essay argues for a post-Orientalist theory and practice which investigates claims of power/knowledge of state subjects. Drawing from selected fieldwork snapshots in the Cagayan Valley, a discursive analytical approach attempts to articulate the inarticulate as, in Gramsci’s term, intellectuals. It aims to encourage continuous dialogue between the representing and represented. By seeing every individual as an agent of social change, it aims to encourage collaborative engagement, which renders the future of the Philippine state open to change. By continuously engaging with the state subjects serendipitously, the researcher may also serve as a venue for diverse actors to address their concerns of the Philippine state.
The (Un)Stable Digital Bible: A Destabilising Peritext and Stabilising Epitext
Authors: Ford David G.
Published: December 2019

Over the past 30 years the Bible has gone digital. This transition from paper technology to digital technology has attracted the interest of scholars because such a change has consequences for how the Bible is used and could lead to differences in how it is understood. Many are claiming that a digital Bible will result in a less stable Bible (Parker, 2003; Pui-lan, 2008; Beal, 2011, pp. 189–190; Wagner, 2012, pp. 20–23; Clivaz, 2014; Holmes, 2016), due to the peritext (the physical aspect of the text) of this new reading technology. However, I argue that this claim does not sufficiently take into account the Bible’s epitext (the nonphysical aspect of the text), through which evangelical Christians engage the scriptures. Ultimately, I argue that the epitext will limit the destabilising effect of the digital peritext.
Religion-in-the-Making: Media, Culture and Art/Activism as Producing Religion from the Critical Perspectives of Gender and Sexuality
Authors: van den Brandt Nella
Published: December 2019

This article contributes to the study of media, religion and culture from the perspective of gender and sexuality. It argues that media and culture need to be considered as locations in which ‘other stories’ about religion, gender and sexuality are potentially being produced. It shows that various types of media and visual artefacts have different modes of ‘making’ religion. It coins ‘religion-in-the-making’ and uses this concept to focus on two cultural productions that construct/convey ‘other’ religious narratives starting from female and queer bodies: the Belgian fictional movie Le Tout Nouveau Testament and the Al Jazeera biographical documentary Hip-Hop Hijabis.
Funerals and Religious Modernity in China
Authors: Kipnis Andrew B.
Published: December 2019

Modernity in China has involved the establishment of religion as a separate sphere of life, rapid urbanization, and the rise of the profession of funerary work. This paper examines the intersection of these three trends. On the one hand, the professionalization of funerary work takes place outside of religious institutions. It involves the commercialization of funerary work, the separation of the spaces for funerary ritual from the spaces of everyday life, and the need for professionals in a context where death itself is separated from the dynamics of living. On the other hand, because life itself is sacred and death vividly poses questions of the meaning of life, funerary ritual takes on a sacred tone and religious elements enter the proceedings no matter how nonreligious the professionals and the bereaved claim to be. The dynamics of religious modernity, or “the religious question in China,” involves the simultaneous compartmentalization of religion and the breaking of the boundaries between the religious and the nonreligious. These dynamics are at the heart of contemporary, urban Chinese funerals.
Al-Ġazālī e il problema del dissenso religioso (zandaqa)
Authors: Campanini Massimo
Published: December 2019

Al-Ġazālī’s Fayṣal al-tafriqa bayn al-Islām waʾl-zandaqa was aimed to contest religious dissidents, especially Ismaʿili Fāṭimids, but also to promote religious peace in troubled times. It was a fatwā by which al-Ġazālī as a jurist and a muǧaddid planned to achieve a composition between harsh sectarian quarrels. This “mission” did not involve in itself “tolerance” towards opponents, but simply appeasement. Tolerance, however, is more an ethical and juridical than a religious or dogmatic item.
Confronto tra tesi embriologiche: Abū Ḥāmid al-Ġazālī e Abū Bakr al-Rāzī
Authors: Carpentieri Loredana
Published: December 2019

The originality of the embryological thought expressed by Abū Ḥāmid al-Ġazālī (d. 1111) in Iḥyā’ ʿulūm al-dīn (The Revival of the Religious Sciences) is particularly evident if we consider it in the light of the classical medical theories. In this context, it is particularly important to consider the thought of one of the “free thinkers”, against whom al-Ġazālī, ḥujjat al-Islām (the “proof of Islam”), shows his argumentative strength: Abū Bakr al-Rāzī (d. between 925 and 935). The classical Greek theories are an important reference point for Abū Bakr al-Rāzī, as well as for Abū Ḥāmid al-Ġazālī, in spite of their different philosophical approach.
Qualche osservazione in merito al “disinteresse” di Abū Ḥāmid al-Ġazālī (1058-1111) per il “piccolo ǧihād”
Authors: Scarcia Amoretti Biancamaria
Published: December 2019

This paper tries to single out the reasons of al-Ġazālī’s lack of interest in the “lesser ǧihād”, military action. In Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-dīn he maintains – according to the Sunna of the Prophet – the superiority of the “greater ǧihād”, the effort upon oneself for moral and religious improvement. By asserting the “golden mean” even on this occasion, he does not consider military action to be condemned, not even after having embraced the mystic path, but he postulates a hierarchy of values based on an esoteric reading of Q 4:95. Al-Ġazālī’s Sufi option is put in context: he writes Iḥyāʾ during the sultanate of Barkyārūq. Though he has “left the world”, he does not cease to consider himself as a muǧaddid and a ‘ālim ḫāṣṣ who should safeguard and promote political and social orthodoxy first and theological orthodoxy later. However, his šafiʿi commitment to this regard allows some exceptions linked to his position as a “courtier” in Iranian area and to the idea of power developed in the Eastern regions. Against al-Māwardī, he claims the ǧihād to be the sultan’s task, not the caliph’s. By refraining from sanctioning the Seljuk military action, al-Ġazālī hopes to preserve, though merely in a symbolical way, the caliph institution, without questioning the fragmentation of the real power. The safety of the umma appears to be secured only until the Eastern regions do not collapse.
Spelling Errors in Thai Made by Chinese Students Learning Thai as a Foreign Language
Authors: Hou Peng
Published: December 2019

When learning a foreign language, it is important to learn how to spell accurately as it is crucial for communication. To spell Thai language accurately is challenging for both native and foreign learners of Thai. However, studies that address spelling errors made by foreign learners of Thai are rare. The purpose of this paper is to analyze patterns and causes behind spelling errors made by Chinese students learning Thai as a foreign language. Data was taken from thirty Chinese students who took part in a Thai language composition writing and dictation task. The results suggest that the main spelling problem for Chinese students is spelling Thai vowels (37.5%), followed by initial consonants (20.7%), final consonants (20.4%), unpronounced letters (18.0%), tone markers (2.2%), and others (1.2%). In terms of underlying causes of spelling errors, irregularities in Thai language and interference from Chinese phonology are the two main causes for their spelling errors. Moreover, carelessness, differences between the Chinese and Thai writing systems, and influence from Thai native speakers also account for some of the spelling errors produced among the Chinese students.
An annotated and illustrated checklist to Syzygium (Myrtaceae) I: Micronesia

Authors: BYNG JAMES W. , WEI XIAO , LORENCE DAVID H.
Published: December 2019

An annotated checklist of fourteen known Syzygium species from Micronesia with information on distribution, ecology and consulted specimens. Two new species are described, Syzygium guamense and Syzygium mesekerrak, one new synonym is made for species occurring in the region and S.nitidum is lectotypified. A key to all species and two plates with leaves, flowers and fruits of all native species are included to aid identification.
On certain Peruvian type localities of birds (Aves) in Mlíkovský (2009)
Authors: HURTADO NATALI , GAMARRA-TOLEDO VÍCTOR
Published: December 2019

According to the ICZN (1999), the type locality is where the specimen used as holotype, syntype or lectotype was collected (Art. 76). As such, the type locality is a source of information about the habitat and geographical occurrence of a taxon. Topotypes, specimens collected within the type locality of a species or subspecies, have been used in comparison with other specimens to corroborate the identity of the latter (e.g. Tautz et al. 2003; Vuataz et al. 2011). Other studies have used type localities in reporting apparent extinctions (e.g. Williams 2015), or degradation of the taxon’s habitat (e.g. Wirth 2018). Thus, type localities have information value for scientific collections, and may be of special conservation concern.
Additional DNA barcodes confirm recent morphological species concepts and synonymies in Callomyia Meigen (Diptera: Platypezidae)
Authors: CUMMING JEFFREY M. , CUMMING HEATHER J.
Published: December 2019

Cumming & Wheeler (2016) revised the Nearctic species of the sexually dimorphic flat-footed fly genus Callomyia Meigen (Callomyiinae) recognizing 10 Nearctic species, including three newly described taxa, namely C. argentea Cumming, C. arnaudi Cumming, and C. browni Cumming. They also described the unknown female of C. velutina Johnson and proposed three new synonymies associating species previously described from one sex only with others described from the opposite sex (Kessel 1948; Kessel & Buegler 1972). Callomyia cleta Kessel was considered a junior synonym of C. calla Kessel, C. clara Kessel was considered a junior synonym of C. corvina Kessel, and C. liardia Kessel & Buegler was synonymized with C. proxima Johnson.
Accuracy Tests on Built-In Algorithms Applied to the Lorenz System
Authors: Tong T. O. , Kekana M. C. , Shatalov M. Y. , Moshokoa S. P.
Published: December 2019

This work investigate, An idea of checking accuracy of algorithms from mathematical black box by means of residual functions. Lorenz system is used as case study as the chaotic system does not have analytical solution. The numerical procedures examined include BDF, Adams method and
Implicit Runge Kutta methods. The interval of numerical results is t ∈ [0; 10].
Agility of Supply Chain Management Solution Using Neural-Fuzzy Approach
Authors: Sharma Avinash , Karande Aarti M. , Kalbande Dhananjay R.
Published: December 2019

Enterprise solution is the architecture of collecting and processing business information. Business process agility affects process-based applications works as per changing business environment. This paper helps to understand different changing environment of business process in the
supply chain domain. Changes depend on organizational policy; hence it can be incomplete or uncertain. To manage this unpredictable environment, a soft computing technique is used for constructing intelligent system. This paper shows use of Neuro-fuzzy approach to monitor agile behavior of
the business process. Neural network phase is used for finding business process and parameter criticality. Fuzzy logic rule base phase calculates process agility based on the relation between process and it’s affecting parameter. Developed tool, shows that business architecture level
is more prone to changes as compared to other architectural levels from the enterprise solution.
Effect of Colony Collapse Disorder on Honeybees
Authors: Gupta Deepali , Chauhan Harsha , Gupta Sheifali , Gupta Rupesh
Published: December 2019

Bees play a vital role in saving environment as they are the paramount agricultural pollinators and are the prior pollinators in the tropical ecosystem. Now a days, bees are in trouble as they are suffering from a mysterious condition known as colony collapse disorder in which honeybees
leave their hives but fail to return back there because of the environmental activities done by the human. It caused a tremendous drop in the number of bees around the globe. The main reasons behind it are massive use of pesticides in agriculture, trading of bees by the humans and electromagnetic
radiation emitted by the portable devices. In this research paper, importance of honeybees and the reason behind their disappearance has been studied.
Extraction of Vasculature Map of Color Retinal Fundus Image
Authors: Garg Meenu , Gupta Sheifali
Published: December 2019

This paper presents an unsupervised and novel method for extraction of vasculature map from colored retinal fundus images. Proposed technique makes use of a fusion of bimodal masking and global thresholding technique for extraction of vessels. For this, adaptive histogram equalization
method is used for enhancement of the retinal input fundus images while, on the other hand, an average filter is used on the masked images to remove the noise from the image. At this stage, bimodal masking is used to generate the masked image to exclude the pixels that belong to the background.
The use of this technique reduces the analysis time and computational effort as operations will be focused only on the object pixels. After that, a global thresholding technique is utilized on the masked foreground image, which produces a vasculature map with border. Since the border has no
concern in our system, hence, it is removed using the mask generated through bimodal masking. Fundus images of DRIVE and STARE database is used to perform extensive computations. The results are encouraging as the proposed system shows better outcomes on 3-quality measures: average sensitivity,
specificity, and accuracy which comes out to be (84.18%, 96.68% and 95.68%) and (81.79%, 90.74% and 90.08%) for DRIVE and STARE database respectively. The results prove that the proposed methodology is capable of extracting the vasculature map accurately, which can be further helpful for diagnosis,
screening, and treatment of various disorders of fundus images.
Emerging Prospects and Trends in Software Defined Networking
Authors: Babbar Himanshi , Rani Shalli
Published: December 2019

In today’s era Software Defined Networking (SDN) has accumulated popularity in both the Industry and Academia. SDN is massively facilitated by different sectors, there is an abundant amount of work going on in the studies where SDN is required. Improving the load balancing in
SDN plays an important role in solving the problem in the specific domain. Since 2009, publications in this field are getting doubled approximately, it takes a short time for bibliometric analysis. This paper facilitates the comprehensive survey on “SDN Load Balancing” for the
fixed frame of timeline. 530 publications related to the Load Balancing in SDN were scrutinized based on the database of Scopus. This paper investigated the publications of research on multiple parameters: 1. Publishing patterns e.g., Authors and affiliations 2. Keywords to examine the specific
domain 3. Analysis of keywords 4. Citation patterns 5. Several publications. Lastly, it examines the survey of literature based on the quantifiable structures of SDN load balancing on several perspectives. The suggested analytical study will act as an influential instrument for substantial
discussion of impending research schemes.
Discerning the Threats in Cloud Computing Security
Authors: Shukla Sunil , Maheshwari Himani
Published: December 2019

One of the Internet-based computing services is Cloud computing has attaining tremendous experience in this competitive world. It is broadly applied in most of the organisations in recent days for the reason is that it modifies the way of how the Information Technology (IT) of a firm
is managed and organized. It gives various advantages to the businesses include continuous availability, unlimited storage, lower costs, least maintenance, service quality, scalability, easy utilization, simplicity, reliability, flexibility and elasticity etc. With the higher utilization of
services of cloud computing create issues of security in cloud computing. Therefore this paper firstly describe the types and overview of cloud computing, later reviews the three common and important security threats of utilizing cloud and the papers shared the solution for this was observed.
Security is one of the major critical aspects in cloud computing because of the sensitivity of user’s data.
Analysis on Different Strategies Used in Blockchain Technology
Authors: Singh Puneeta , Verma Sahil , Kavita
Published: December 2019

Blockchain technology is a distributed ledger, it’s reliable, transparent, secure, trust-worthy, confidential and authenticate. Blockchain is a combination of blocks which contains the header of valid transactions using one of the best hashing algorithm (SHA-256 bits). Different
strategies will be used in blockchain i.e., private blockchain, public (Example: Ethereum and bitcoins) and consortium blockchain. In this paper, we discuss about basic process of E-voting, IOT with blockchain, financing and blockchain technology helps for providing highest performance in
rural areas.
System Model for Smart Precision Farming for High Crop Yielding
Authors: Prasad Devendra , Singla Kamali , Baggan Vidhu , Achal
Published: December 2019

The meticulous application of Sensing and Machine Learning technology in precision farming has optimized the irrigation resources, improved the quality of crops, minimizes the risk of diseases in fields and reduces the energy consumption. The proper crop management and proper placement
of seeds also controls the crop diseases as well as reduces the expenses of irrigation and pesticides etc. The diseases that can be caused in various stages are monitored by proper visual identification of the disease and the precise amount and position of spraying medicine for that plant
is calculated. There is a need to build the perfect plans for the water irrigation in order to save the water (around 60% to 70%). The goal is to build solution which would reduce the cost per hectare and could also increase the yields to make farming more profitable. The proposed Smart system
optimizes the crop yield by providing, yield mapping, yield monitoring, weed mapping, variable rate fertilizer, variable spraying etc. The System uses drones to gather the information for calculating the crop patterns and analyzing the field so that more area can be captured for the crop plantation
in later model.
Effect of Dispersion on Classification of Different Datasets Using Multiplicative Neuron Model
Authors: Sharma Avinash , Kandpal Pankaj Kumar , Mehta Ashish
Published: December 2019

The classification of nonlinear problems, single Multiplicative Neuron model is used. Several different databases like Fisher’s Iris database, wiconsin Breast Cancer, Mammographic Mass and Pima Indian have selected for study. The measure of dispersion has been found of all datasets
by measuring standard deviation and range of dataset. The classification results of all problems compared and comparative analysis has been made of all datasets, considering several elements of Neural Network such as number of epochs, cost function, MSE and misclassification rate. After comparing
various performance parameters mainly misclassification rate with measures of dispersion, it is found that misclassification rate of multiplicative neuron model depends only patterns of datasets. Seeing the results of study, it can be said that classification rate does not depend on the measure
of dispersion (Standard deviation and Range) of datasets.
“I May Allow Myself to do This”: Conflict in Freud’s Writing of The Interpretation of Dreams
Authors: Ackerman Sarah
Published: December 2019

An autobiographical interpretation of latent meanings in Freud’s Interpretation of Dreams is undertaken in order to explore oedipal themes in Freud’s writing and their role in his resistance to writing the book. By looking at how the book performs its message, in presenting a collection of Freud’s personal dreams that talk to each other and inspire meaning-making, we can see how readers are drawn into the role of interpreters/analysts. This process makes the oedipal myth palpable long before Freud mentions it. It also illustrates an analytic process that analysts are all required to follow. Finally, the process reveals something in Freud that could be apprehended only after his ideas were conveyed—the unending process of interpretation, in which every conclusion gives rise to new ideas, inspiring new conclusions.
The affective commons of Coworking
Authors: Waters-Lynch Julian , Duff Cameron
Published: December 2019

What kind of common project is Coworking? Coworking was first presented as a novel model for organising autonomous, authentic and creative labour amid a community of workers who share these progressive aspirations. That this promise has not always been realised in practice has provoked a strong sense of ambivalence among many Coworkers. This article offers a critical assessment of this ambivalence, which we approach by way of a novel theoretical category, an affective commons. Such a commons describes the atmospheric product of the immaterial labour of Coworkers, including the ‘commoning’ processes by which the community endorsed in accounts of the appeal of Coworking may manifest. In this respect, ambivalence about Coworking may be regarded as an effect of conflicts that arise in the shared work of commoning, particularly conflict over the capture and commodification of pooled resources, and fair acknowledgement of the contributions labouring bodies make to their circulation and reproduction. We argue that this ambivalence emerges from Coworking arrangements themselves, rather than the broader conditions of precarity that characterise much nonstandard work. We close with a brief discussion of the practical implications of our analysis for ongoing efforts to address this ambivalence and sustain the mutualism of Coworking.
Infant Vocal Imitation of Music
Authors: Benetti Lucia , Costa-Giomi Eugenia
Published: December 2019

Infant vocal production has been studied mainly from the perspective of language development. We studied it from the perspective of singing development by analyzing a 15-month-old’s imitations of songs. The infant wore a recording device that yielded a continuous, 16-hr audio recording of all the sounds produced by him and around him throughout the day. We listened to the audio file and identified instances in which his unprompted vocalizations resembled songs he had heard earlier. One imitation was recognized by his father, who then sang the song himself and engaged in imitative turn taking with the infant; the other imitation went unnoticed by his parents. Perceptual and acoustic analyses of the imitations and the song models showed that the infant imitated critical music features of the songs, including pitches, intervals, and rhythms. We discuss the use of new technologies for the study of singing development in infancy; such technologies facilitate the collection of spontaneous vocalizations that may go unnoticed by parents and make it possible to trace connections between music environment opportunities and specific singing outcomes in infants.
A numerical method for fractional pantograph differential equations based on Taylor wavelets
Authors: Vichitkunakorn Panupong , Vo Thieu N , Razzaghi Mohsen
Published: December 2019

We present an efficient numerical method for solving fractional pantograph differential equations by applying Taylor wavelets. We give an exact formula for the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral of the Taylor wavelets. We then apply the given formula to reduce our problem to the problem of solving a system of algebraic equations. Several examples are included to show the the effectiveness of our numerical method and in comparison with previous methods.
When Law Enforcement Pays: Costs and Benefits for Elected Versus Appointed Administrators Engaged in Asset Forfeiture
Authors: Mughan Siân , Li Danyao , Nicholson-Crotty Sean
Published: December 2019

The billions of dollars in assets seized by law enforcement each year represent a crucial source of revenue for these organizations, but also raise important constitutional questions and can create significant tensions within the jurisdictions they administer. Research on asset forfeiture to date has focused heavily on municipal police, largely neglecting forfeiture activities by sheriffs. Thus, it has missed an important opportunity to build theory about the differences between appointed and elected administrators and neglected an important source of institutional variation that may help to explain this particular administrative activity. To develop expectations about the relative levels of asset forfeiture and the response to intergovernmental incentives related to forfeiture, we draw on and extend scholarship comparing the behavior of elected versus appointed administrators in other settings. We test those expectations in analyses of more than 1,200 sheriff’s offices and over 2,200 municipal police departments between 1993 and 2007. Results suggest that sheriffs receive less forfeiture revenue than municipal police and are less responsive to state-level policies that change the financial rewards of asset forfeiture for agencies. These results hold whether we examine forfeitures made through the federal Equitable Sharing Program, where civil and criminal forfeiture cases can be distinguished, or jurisdictional level data on forfeiture, where civil and criminal forfeitures are combined. We conclude with a discussion of implications for both the research on asset forfeiture and on elected versus appointed public administrators more generally.
Older Drivers and Their Future Mobility: Views and Involvement of Their Adult Children
Authors: Connor Jennie , Brookland Rebecca , Samaranayaka Ari
Published: December 2019

In car-dependent societies like New Zealand, getting the right balance between mobility and safety could improve outcomes for older people but will require changes to policy and practice. Driving cessation is a major life transition with many impacts, and adult children are frequently involved in both the transition to non-driving and maintaining mobility afterward. This cross-sectional study ( N = 675) sought perspectives of family members of drivers aged 65 or older enrolled in a longitudinal study. Most (94%) were adult children, two thirds were women, and 19% were moderately to extremely anxious about their parent’s driving. Loss of independence, driving’s role in identity, and reluctance to rely on family were recognized as important barriers to driving cessation. Most (80%) felt that families, as well as older drivers, would be adversely affected by driving cessation. Families identified accessible local information and services, alternative transport, and community-based programs for drivers and families as assistance most needed.
Deepening Knowledge on Volunteers Using a Marketing Perspective: Segmenting Turkish Volunteers According to Their Motivations
Authors: Demir Filiz Otay , Kireçci Ayşe Nil , Yavuz Görkem Şenay
Published: December 2019

A steady increase in the marketing-based managerial point of view by the third sector manifests itself when exploring the question of what motivates volunteers to make unpaid contributions to a nonprofit organization (NPO). An in-depth investigation into volunteer motivations can be approached by looking at the quantitative marketing method of market segmentation. In this context, the purpose of the present study is to conduct a segmentation analysis of volunteers in Istanbul based on their motivations to volunteer and to enrich these segments with concomitant variables. Findings from the segmentation analysis identified five distinct segments of volunteers: self-improver, career-driven, benevolent soul, social networker, and faithful spirit. For theorists, this study presents an application of segmenting and a profile of volunteers based on the motivations to volunteer, whereas on the management side, the study provides knowledge constructed on empirical findings that shall serve to contribute to the recruitment and retention efforts of NPOs.
Counting Intraepithelial Lymphocytes: A Comparison Between Routine Staining and CD3 Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Cooper Rosalin , Papworth Neil James , Harris Chloe , Horne Joanne , Lai Jacqueline , Lai Joyce , Rajak Rushda , Valentine Katy Marie , Gaya Sam Otieno , Carr Norman John
Published: December 2019

Counting intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) is a key part of the assessment of duodenal biopsies. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CD3 can aid identification of lymphocytes in this context, but it is not evident that counts on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and CD3 are comparable. This study aimed to compare the IEL counts in duodenal biopsies using H&E stains and CD3 IHC, and to examine the interobserver variability. Thirty-five paired H&E and CD3 sections were reviewed by 6 pathologists who counted the number of IELs per 100 enterocytes. The counts were categorized into groups: normal (<25 lymphocytes), mildly raised (25-40 lymphocytes), and markedly raised (>40 lymphocytes). CD3 IHC was associated with significantly higher IEL counts than H&E. Four cases with normal H&E counts had raised counts with CD3. There was moderate agreement between observers for both H&E and CD3. Lack of concordance between CD3 and H&E IEL counts suggests that counts derived from the 2 methods may not be comparable to each other and should not be considered equivalent. There was no significant improvement in interobserver variability with CD3 IHC.
Boiling-induced changes on physicochemical, bioactive compounds, color, and texture properties of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima)
Authors: Monalisa K , Bhuiyan JA , Islam MZ , Sayem ASM
Published: December 2019

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of boiling duration on physicochemical, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, color, and texture properties of pumpkin ( Cucurbita maxima). The pumpkin was subjected to boiling for 1, 5, 10, and 20 min at 100 ℃. The physicochemical analyses showed that pH, moisture, and water solubility index were increased, whereas ash content was decreased with increasing the boiling time. Prolong boiling exhibited a detrimental effect on bioactive compounds of pumpkin, and it was found that 20 min of boiling caused about 25.91% ± 2.21% loss of total phenolic content, 14.79% ± 1.03% loss of total carotenoids content, and 18.46% ± 1.34% loss of antioxidant activity. A kinetic study was conducted to quantify the losses occurring in bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, changes in color, and firmness of pumpkin. The study revealed that the logistic model can predict the variation in bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity with higher R2. However, first-order kinetic models were found suitable to predict the changes occurring in bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, color properties (L*, a*, b*, Chroma), and firmness. The total color changes (ΔE) showed a good fit with zero-order kinetic models (R2 = 0.98). The t1/2 and D-value were calculated for all measured parameters of pumpkin. These findings would be useful in designing thermal processes and related calculations of pumpkin.