bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new layered MWW zeolite synthesized with the bifunctional surfactant template and the updated classification of layered zeolite forms obtained by direct synthesis
Authors: Grzybek Justyna , Roth Wieslaw J. , Gil Barbara , Korzeniowska Aleksandra , Mazur Michal , Čejka Jiři , Morris Russell E.
Published: March 2019

UJM-1P is the 7th MWW zeolite structure obtained by direct synthesis.
NiS2 nanodotted carnation-like CoS2 for enhanced electrocatalytic water splitting
Authors: Xin Weili , Jiang Wen-Jie , Lian Yajuan , Li Hui , Hong Song , Xu Sailong , Yan Hong , Hu Jin-Song
Published: March 2019

An NiS2 nanodotted carnation-like CoS2 bifunctional electrocatalyst is demonstrated with enhanced electrochemical performances for the OER, the HER, and overall water splitting.
Access to chiral tetrahydrofluorenes through a palladium-catalyzed enantioselective tandem intramolecular Heck/Tsuji–Trost reaction
Authors: Zhang Ying , Shen Hong-Cheng , Li Yang-Yang , Huang Yong-Shuang , Han Zhi-Yong , Wu Xiang
Published: March 2019

A palladium-catalyzed enantioselective tandem reaction of 2,5-cyclohexadienyl-substituted aryl iodides and carbon or heteroatom nucleophiles has been successfully established by using a chiral H8-BINOL-based phosphoramidite ligand.
Exhaustive exploration of MgBn (n = 10–20) clusters and their anions
Authors: Tian Yonghong , Wei Donghe , Jin Yuanyuan , Barroso Jorge , Lu Cheng , Merino Gabriel
Published: March 2019

An unexpected tubular-shaped MgB18 cluster is identified for the first time in alkaline-earth metal-doped boron clusters.
Self-templating construction of mesopores on three-dimensionally ordered macroporous La0.5Sr0.5MnO3 perovskite with enhanced performance for soot combustion
Authors: Zhao Peng , Fang Fan , Feng Nengjie , Chen Chong , Liu Geng , Chen Li , Zhu Zhongjian , Meng Jie , Wan Hui , Guan Guofeng
Published: March 2019

A three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) La0.5Sr0.5MnO3 perovskite was prepared by a colloidal crystal templating method, with extra mesopores created by selective dissolution method performed successively.
Liposome-based probes for molecular imaging: from basic research to the bedside
Authors: Xia Yuqiong , Xu Chunzhong , Zhang Xianghan , Ning Pengbo , Wang Zhongliang , Tian Jie , Chen Xiaoyuan
Published: March 2019

Molecular imaging is very important in disease diagnosis and prognosis.
α-Ni(OH)2/NiS1.97 heterojunction composites with excellent ion and electron transport properties for advanced supercapacitors
Authors: Wei Wutao , Wu Jiarui , Cui Shizhong , Zhao Yaomin , Chen Weihua , Mi Liwei
Published: March 2019

It is recognized that an effective strategy to promote the industrialization of supercapacitors is to enhance the ion and electronic conductivities of electrode materials.
An in situ (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3-doped barium titanate foam framework and its cyanate ester resin composites with temperature-stable dielectric properties and low dielectric loss
Authors: Zheng Longhui , Yuan Li , Liang Guozheng , Gu Aijuan
Published: March 2019

High-k composites with temperature-stable dielectric properties and low dielectric loss obtained through building a network with in situ-doped barium titanate foam.
Facile fabrication of long-chain alkyl functionalized ultrafine reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for enhanced tribological performance
Authors: Zhu Chao , Yan Yehai , Wang Fan , Cui Jian , Zhao Shuai , Gao Ailin , Zhang Guangfa
Published: March 2019

Long-chain alkyl functionalized ultrafine reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites with outstanding dispersibility and enhanced lubricating performances.
Correction: A novel method for the highly efficient biotransformation of genistein from genistin using a high-speed counter-current chromatography bioreactor
Authors: Wang Daijie , Khan Muhammad Shafiq , Cui Li , Song Xiangyun , Zhu Heng , Ma Tianyu , Li Xiaoyu , Sun Rong
Published: March 2019

Correction for ‘A novel method for the highly efficient biotransformation of genistein from genistin using a high-speed counter-current chromatography bioreactor’ by Daijie Wang et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 4892–4899.
Correction: Development of hollow ferrogadolinium nanonetworks for dual-modal MRI guided cancer chemotherapy
Authors: Tang Ting , Sun Xiao , Xu Xuedong , Bian Yifeng , Ma Xiaojie , Chen Ning
Published: March 2019

Correction for ‘Development of hollow ferrogadolinium nanonetworks for dual-modal MRI guided cancer chemotherapy’ by Ting Tang et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 2559–2566.
Correction: Water droplet on inclined dusty hydrophobic surface: influence of droplet volume on environmental dust particles removal
Authors: Hassan Ghassan , Yilbas Bekir Sami , Al-Sharafi Abdullah , Al-Qahtani H. , Al-Aqeeli Nasser
Published: March 2019

Correction for ‘Water droplet on inclined dusty hydrophobic surface: influence of droplet volume on environmental dust particles removal’ by Ghassan Abdelmagid et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 3582–3596.
A novel ionically crosslinked gel polymer electrolyte as an ion transport layer for high-performance electrochromic devices
Authors: Chen Wanyu , Zhu Caizhi , Guo Le , Yan MengYing , Wu Lili , Zhu Bo , Qi Chenjie , Liu Siyuan , Zhang Heng , Peng Yong
Published: March 2019

In this study, a novel ionically crosslinked gel polymer electrolyte (PADA gel electrolyte) with a transmittance of more than 97% was successfully fabricated and applied in electrochromic devices (ECDs) as an ion transport layer.
Discovery of natural product ovalicin sensitive type 1 methionine aminopeptidases: molecular and structural basis
Authors: Pillalamarri Vijaykumar , Arya Tarun , Haque Neshatul , Bala Sandeep Chowdary , Marapaka Anil Kumar , Addlagatta Anthony
Published: March 2019

Natural product ovalicin and its synthetic derivative TNP-470 have been extensively studied for their antiangiogenic property, and the later reached phase 3 clinical trials. They covalently modify the conserved histidine in Type 2 methionine aminopeptidases (MetAPs) at nanomolar concentrations. Even though a similar mechanism is possible in Type 1 human MetAP, it is inhibited only at millimolar concentration. In this study, we have discovered two Type 1 wild-type MetAPs (Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis) that are inhibited at low micromolar to nanomolar concentrations and established the molecular mechanism. F309 in the active site of Type 1 human MetAP (HsMetAP1b) seems to be the key to the resistance, while newly identified ovalicin sensitive Type 1 MetAPs have a methionine or isoleucine at this position. Type 2 human MetAP (HsMetAP2) also has isoleucine (I338) in the analogous position. Ovalicin inhibited F309M and F309I mutants of human MetAP1b at low micromolar concentration. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that ovalicin is not stably placed in the active site of wild-type MetAP1b before the covalent modification. In the case of F309M mutant and human Type 2 MetAP, molecule spends more time in the active site providing time for covalent modification.
Bioinformatics analysis of prognostic value of TRIM13 gene in breast cancer
Authors: Chen Wei-xian , Cheng Lin , Xu Ling-yun , Qian Qi , Zhu Yu-lan
Published: March 2019

Background: Tripartite motif 13 (TRIM13) plays a significant role in various biological processes including cell growth, apoptosis, transcriptional regulation, and carcinogenesis. However, the prognostic significance of TRIM13 gene in breast cancer treatment remains largely unclear. Methods: We performed a bioinformatics analysis of the clinical parameters and survival data as it relates to TRIM13 in breast cancer patients using several online databases including Oncomine, bcGenExMiner, PrognoScan, and UCSC Xena. Results: We found that TRIM13 was lower-expressed in different subtypes of breast cancer with respect to normal tissues. Estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status were positively correlated with TRIM13 level; whereas, the Scarff–Bloom–Richardson grade, Nottingham prognostic index, nodal status, basal-like status, and triple-negative status were negatively related to TRIM13 expression in breast cancer patients with respect to normal individuals. Lower TRIM13 expression correlated with worse distant metastasis free survival, relapse free survival, disease specific survival, and metastatic relapse free survival. We also confirmed a positive correlation between TRIM13 and RAB11FIP2 gene expression. Conclusion: Bioinformatics analysis revealed that TRIM13 may be adopted as a promising predictive biomarker for prognosis of breast cancer. More in-depth experiments and clinical trials are needed to validate the value of TRIM13 in breast cancer treatment.
Transcriptional noise and exaptation as sources for bacterial sRNAs
Authors: Jose Bethany R. , Gardner Paul P. , Barquist Lars
Published: March 2019

Understanding how new genes originate and integrate into cellular networks is key to understanding evolution. Bacteria present unique opportunities for both the natural history and experimental study of gene origins, due to their large effective population sizes, rapid generation times, and ease of genetic manipulation. Bacterial small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs), in particular, many of which operate through a simple antisense regulatory logic, may serve as tractable models for exploring processes of gene origin and adaptation. Understanding how and on what timescales these regulatory molecules arise has important implications for understanding the evolution of bacterial regulatory networks, in particular, for the design of comparative studies of sRNA function. Here, we introduce relevant concepts from evolutionary biology and review recent work that has begun to shed light on the timescales and processes through which non-functional transcriptional noise is co-opted to provide regulatory functions. We explore possible scenarios for sRNA origin, focusing on the co-option, or exaptation, of existing genomic structures which may provide protected spaces for sRNA evolution.
SAR object classification using the DAE with a modified triplet restriction
Authors: Tian Sirui , Wang Chao , Zhang Hong , Bhanu Bir
Published: March 2019

Although deep learning methods have made great progress in synthetic aperture radar (SAR)‐based remote sensing, lack of training data has often been the major obstacle while they are adopted for SAR automatic target recognition. In this study, a new deep network in the form of a restricted three‐branch denoising auto‐encoder (DAE) is proposed to take the full advantage of limited training samples. In this model, a modified triplet restriction that combines the semi‐hard triplet loss with the intra‐class distance penalty is devised to learn discriminative features with a small intra‐class divergence and a large inter‐class divergence. Besides, the reconstruction distortion is measured between the model outputs and the images filtered by the improved Lee Sigma filter rather than the original inputs to suppress clutter in the background. Furthermore, a batch‐based triplet loss, which calculates the modified triplet loss in a batch‐based manner, is proposed to tackle the difficulties in implementation and reduce its computation complexity. The simplified version of the three‐branch Triplet‐DAE is subsequently devised as a one‐branch DAE restricted by the batch‐based triplet loss. Experimental results with the MSTAR data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method on real SAR images.
Reliability and validity of the Arabic version of the Early Onset Scoliosis 24 Items Questionnaire (EOSQ-24)
Authors: Hanbali Yahia , Perry Tony , Hanif Asif , Matsomotu Hiroko , Musmar Haytham , Bader Khaldoun , Azmi Ahmad Alaaeldin
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Early Onset Scoliosis (EOS) is a complex pathology that covers a variety of etiologies, with onset before the age of 10 years. Surgical treatment of EOS should have the objectives of fulfilling maximum pulmonary function, spine length, with minimal hospitalizations, complications, and family burden. Radiographic parameters are an important standard in assessing treatment outcomes. However, the Early Onset Scoliosis Questionnaire-24 (EOSQ-24) was developed to measure the wider dimensions of outcomes involving the quality of life of patients and caregivers post-treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of culturally adapted Arabic version of the EOSQ-24.

Methods:Translation and cross-cultural adaptation, based on published guidelines, were performed on the original English EOSQ-24 by a committee. The Arabic version of EOSQ-24 was applied to the caregivers of all 58 EOS patients who were treated surgically after signing a consent form. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’sαand item-total statistics for the whole questionnaire initially and for the each domain separately. Data quality was assessed by mean, median, percentage of missing data, ceiling and floor effects. Discriminative validity was examined using non parametric tests.

Results: The response for all items was excellent with only 1.7% (0–1) of responses missing. The floor effect ranged from 0% to 36.2% of patients and the ceiling effect ranged from 0 to 46.6%. Cronbach’sαtest reliability was found excellent (0.919), as was the internal consistency of all domains, with Cronbachαranging from 0.903 to 0.918. Corrected item-total correlations were good for all domains (>0.3). Only one item (Question 21) showed low corrected item-total correlations (r = 0.222). However, Cronbach’sαdid not increase significantly when this item was deleted (0.920).

Conclusion: The first adapted Arabic version of EOSQ-24 is found to have good validity and reliability, and it can be used to assess children in Arab societies with EOS.
Nicht invasive Diagnostik bei Manifestationen der Arteriosklerose
Authors: Thalhammer Christoph , Baumgartner Iris
Published: March 2019

Arteriosclerosis is a generalized disease and manifests in different vascular regions: the most important manifestations are the coronary artery disease, the peripheral artery disease and the cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis. The challenges of modern ultrasound systems to detect early vascular damage are reviewed in this article. Colour coded duplex ultrasound is the first line method for screening and diagnostic imaging in vascular disease. Indications for further imaging as CT-angiography, MR-angiography and digital subtraction angiography will be discussed in the different sections.
EVA (Early Vascular Aging) – Übersetzung in den klinischen Alltag
Authors: Middeke Martin
Published: March 2019

Early Vascular Aging, a concept describing pathophysiologic and clinical aspects of premature arterial stiffness and arteriosclerosis, has attracted attention in recent years. Early diagnosis and intervention is essential for prevention and postponing cardiovascular events.
Abschätzung der Vorlastabhängigkeit in der Intensivmedizin – Schritt für Schritt
Authors: Adler Christoph , Treskatsch Sascha , Pfister Roman , Michels Guido
Published: March 2019

The determination of the cardiac preload is still a challenge for intensive care physicians. In addition to clinical assessment, both non-invasive and invasive methods exist for evaluating fluid responsiveness. The following article demonstrates one possible approach for systematic assessment of fluid responsiveness using a practical algorithm for critical care patients.
Informationslücken in Packungsbeilagen: fehlende Hinweise zum richtigen Umgang mit Transdermalen Therapeutischen Systemen
Authors: Lampert Anette , Haefeli Walter , Seidling Hanna
Published: March 2019

Einleitung Transdermale Therapeutische Systeme (TTS) gehören aufgrund ihres mehrstufigen Anwendungsprozesses zu den fehleranfälligen und damit beratungsbedürftigen Darreichungsformen. Die Packungsbeilage ist eine für jeden Patienten mit Erhalt des Arzneimittels verfügbare Informationsquelle, die jedoch möglicherweise nicht alle relevanten Anwendungshinweise enthält.

Methoden Um Informationslücken zu identifizieren und somit eine gezielte Beratung im Patientengespräch zu ermöglichen, wurden Packungsbeilagen aller in Deutschland verfügbaren TTS hinsichtlich ihrer Anwendungshinweise untersucht.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 81 Packungsbeilagen mit den Wirkstoffen Buprenorphin (N = 13), Fentanyl (N = 33), Granisetron (N = 1), Glyceroltrinitrat (N = 2), Nikotin (N = 4), Oxybutynin (N = 1), Rivastigmin (N = 10), Rotigotin (N = 2), Scopolamin (N = 1), sowie Mono- bzw. Kombinationspräparate mit Estradiol, Estradiol Hemihydrat, Ethinylestradiol, Gestoden, Levonorgestrel, Norelgestromin und Norethisteronacetat (N = 14) analysiert. Keine der Packungsbeilagen enthielt alle 28 Anwendungshinweise, die in einer vorausgegangenen systematischen Übersichtsarbeit als Mindestanforderung identifiziert wurden. Gerade auf die Besonderheiten der TTS wie etwa die Art der Wirkstoffaufnahme, Überwachung der Anwendung, Lagerung und Entsorgung wurde unzureichend eingegangen.

Diskussion Da oftmals konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen für die richtige Durchführung der TTS-Anwendung fehlten, kommt dem Beratungsgespräch durch den Arzt oder Apotheker eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Langfristig sollten jedoch standardisierte, Darreichungsform-spezifische Anwendungshinweise in die behördlichen Vorlagen für die Packungsbeilagen aufgenommen werden.
Denosumab – die reversible Wirksamkeit im klinischen
Fokus
Authors: Popp Albrecht W.
Published: March 2019

Seit der Registrierung von Denosumab 60 mg 6-monatlich subkutan zur Therapie der
postmenopausalen Osteoporose konnte eine anhaltende Wirksamkeit über 10 Jahre
gezeigt werden. Abgesehen von den eher seltenen unerwünschten Ereignissen, wie
dem Auftreten von Osteonekrosen des Kiefers oder atypischen
Femurschaftfrakturen, sind keine neuen Aspekte bei der Langzeitanwendung von
Denosumab berichtet. Die Reversibilität nach dem Therapieabbruch von Denosumab
führt zu einem rasch einsetzenden Knochenmineralverlust und kann in bestimmten
Fällen mit dem erhöhten Risiko für multiple Wirbelkörperfrakturen assoziiert
sein. Solange keine kontrollierten Studien vorliegen, welche die Wirksamkeit
einer sicheren Strategie einer Anschlussbehandlung zur Kompensation des
Rebound-Phänomens belegen, muss generell vom Therapieabbruch von Denosumab
abgeraten werden. Teriparatid allein nach Stopp von Denosumab wird als
kontraindiziert bezeichnet. Eine sequentielle, antiresorptive
Anschlussbehandlung muss dem Einzelfall angepasst werden.
Die DVO Osteoporose Leitlinie: eine Analyse der Evidenzlage
zu Bisphosphonaten
Authors: Thaler Kylie , Biber Nicole , Glechner Anna
Published: March 2019

Im Jahr 2017 veröffentlichte der Dachverband Osteologie (DVO) eine S3-Leitlinie
zur Prophylaxe, Diagnose und Therapie der Osteoporose. Die Leitlinie war eine
Aktualisierung der Version 2014 und basierte auf der Leitlinie der Scottish
Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) aus dem Jahr 2015. Die Update-Suche
für 2014 bis 2016 wurde anhand der Methoden des AMWF (Arbeitsgemeinschaft der
Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften) durchgeführt.

Wir haben die Evidenz der DVO-Leitlinie 2017 hinsichtlich der Empfehlungen für
Bisphosphonat-Therapie überprüft. Insbesondere ging es uns darum, die Anzahl der
Studien, ihre Größe und die Studiendauer zu ermitteln, weiters die definierten
Endpunkte, um die Evidenzgrundlage der Empfehlungen für die klinische Praxis zu
beurteilen. Wir untersuchten dies mit Hilfe des Leitfadens und des zugehörigen
Methodenberichts sowie der Web-Appendices.

Wir extrahierten die zitierten Studien der DVO-Leitlinie 2017 für
Bisphosphonat-Therapie in eine MS Excel-Tabelle. Zusätzlich wurden Referenzen
ergänzt, die in der SIGN-Leitlinie 2015 und im Rahmen der Update-Suche für die
DVO-Leitlinie 2017 zitiert wurden. Neben den beiden Leitlinienberichten
identifizierten wir im Web-Appendix „Anhang A“ Evidenztabellen für einige der
zitierten Studien. Wir haben dann eine Studienart (randomisierte kontrollierte
Studie oder systematische Übersichtsarbeit) zugeordnet und die Evidenzstufe für
jedes Zitat notiert.

Wir fanden insgesamt 72 Zitate bezüglich der Wirksamkeit der
Biphosphonat-Therapie. Davon waren in der DVO-Leitlinie 49 Zitate enthalten, in
der SIGN-Leitlinie 21 (davon 9 Duplikate) sowie 11 Zitate, die im Rahmen der
Update-Suche zitiert wurden, jedoch in der Leitlinie 2017 selbst nicht enthalten
waren. Weiters identifizierten wir 62 Artikel, die unerwünschte Ereignisse
untersuchten. 56 wurden in der DVO-Leitlinie genannt, sieben in der
SIGN-Leitlinie (davon zwei Duplikate) und ein Artikel in der Updatesuche. Da die
ursprüngliche DVO-Richtlinie keine Evidenztabellen verwendet hat, standen
lediglich Informationen über die Anzahl und Art der TeilnehmerInnen, die Art der
Interventionen (einschließlich Dosis) und die Ergebnisse der Artikel der
Update-Suche zur Verfügung. Es lagen keine Zusammenfassungen von
Ergebnistabellen- oder GRADE-Evidenzprofile vor. Wir verwendeten den Ansatz der
besten Evidenz und beschrieben die vorliegende Evidenz der
Bisphosphonat-Therapie anhand der berichteten Evidenzgrade (SIGN oder
Oxford-System) und der Evidenzhierarchie.
Zur Gestaltung von Feedbackprozeduren zum Erlernen der postoperativen Teilbelastung beim Gehen mit Unterarmgehstützen im Kontext der Bewegungsautomatisierung
Authors: Krause Daniel , Paschen Linda , Vogt Sarah
Published: March 2019

Training mit ergänzendem verzögertem Feedback zeigt sich zum Erlernen einer postoperativen Teilbelastung beim Gehen an Unterarmgehstützen effektiv. Insbesondere die Verwendung von Bandbreitenfeedback hat sich bei anderen Bewegungsaufgaben im Hinblick auf die Ausführungspräzision, -konstanz und -automatizität als vorteilhaft erwiesen. In einer Studie mit 31 jungen gesunden Erwachsenen untersuchten wir diese Parameter im Rahmen eines Feedbacktrainings während einer Teilbelastungsaufgabe und verglichen dabei eine Bandbreitenmethode mit einem 100 %-Feedback und einer Kontrollbedingung.

Die in anderen Studien aufgezeigten Vorteile des Bandbreitenfeedbacks konnten in diesem Kontext für keinen der 3 Zielparameter gezeigt werden. Darüber hinaus ergeben sich aus den Daten 2 wichtige Hinweise für die rehabilitative Praxis: Zum einen konnten mit nur wenigen feedbackgestützten Übungsversuchen deutliche und zudem relativ behaltensstabile Reduktionen der Teilbelastung erreicht werden, zum anderen zeigte sich, dass das Teilbelastungsgehen einen hohen kognitiven Aufwand erfordert, der sich auch nach 2 umfangreichen Übungssitzungen nicht verringert und dazu führt, dass die Einhaltung der Teilbelastung bei Aufmerksamkeitsablenkung im Alltag beeinträchtigt sein könnte.
Belastung und Beanspruchung der unteren Extremität
Authors: Köppel Maximilian , Hamacher Dieter
Published: March 2019

In Therapie und Rehabilitation werden Bewegungsaufgaben häufig danach beurteilt, wie sie vermutlich auf die geschädigte Struktur wirken. Dies ist allerdings von vielen Faktoren abhängig, wovon die bewegte Last lediglich eine Variable darstellt. Die publizierten Daten aus Messendoprothesen unterstreichen dies und heben die enorme Rolle der Muskulatur respektive der muskulären Gelenksicherung hervor. Dementsprechend ist zur Kontrolle der alltäglichen Gelenkkräfte eine Verbesserung des muskulären Drehmomentes und der neuromuskulären Kontrolle durch Widerstandstraining und sensomotorisches Training essenziell. Es muss allerdings berücksichtigt werden, dass selbst die von Messendoprothesen gesammelten Informationen die Beanspruchung im Gelenk nicht erschöpfend darstellen können, sondern weitere anatomische Informationen notwendig machen.
Die Arthrodese des Fingermittelgelenkes: eine
Literaturanalyse
Authors: Vonderlind Hans Christoph , Eisenschenk Andreas , Jürgensen Ingke , Kim Simon , Millrose Michael
Published: March 2019

Diese Übersichtsarbeit analysiert die in der Literatur beschriebenen Verfahren
zur Arthrodese des Fingermittelgelenkes hinsichtlich ihrer Vor- und Nachteilen
unter Berücksichtigung des Zugangsweges, der Techniken der
Gelenkflächenpräparation, der verwendeten Arthrodesewinkel und der
Nachbehandlung.
Fingermittelgelenkarthrodese mittels Drahtnaht mit und ohne
zusätzlichen Kirschnerdraht – Eine vergleichende biomechanische
Studie
Authors: Kreher Fritjof , Zeller Alexander , Krettek Christian , Gaulke Ralph
Published: March 2019

Hintergrund Die Arthrodese stellt für das destruierte proximale
Interphalangealgelenk eine schnelle und sichere Therapie dar. Eine Vielzahl
unterschiedlicher Verfahren zur Arthrodese mit unterschiedlichem chirurgischem
Aufwand ist beschrieben. Als sicherste Verfahren zählen komprimierende
Verfahren.

Ziel Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, mittels realitätsnaher Krafteinleitung die
Primärstabilität beider Arthrodesenverfahren zu vergleichen.

Material und Methoden Es wurden Arthrodesen an insgesamt 72 Fingern von
insgesamt 9 Handpaaren formalin-alkohol-fixierter Ganzkörperspender untersucht.
Zur besseren Vergleichbarkeit erfolgte ein chirales Matching. Getestet wurde die
Primärstabilität in Extensions-, Abduktions-, und Rotationsbelastung mit einer
2-Punkt-Kraftaufnahme. Das maximale an der Arthrodese einwirkende Drehmoment
wurde als Bruchlast definiert und mithilfe des gepaarten t-Tests verglichen.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung Die mittels Kirschnerdraht verstärkten
Arthrodesen zeigten eine signifikant höhere Bruchlast in Extension und
Abduktion. Beide Verfahren zeigten durchschnittliche Bruchlasten, die über der
physiologischen Belastung am proximalen Interphalangealgelenk liegen. Auch wenn
die alleinige intraossäre Drahtnaht für die Klinik ausreichende biomechanische
Eigenschaften zeigt, sollte ein querer K-Draht verwendet werden, um die höchst
mögliche Primärstabilität zu erzielen.
Observer Variability of Arthroscopic Cartilage Grading Using the Modified Outerbridge Classification System in the Dog
Authors: Deweese Mary , Brown Dorothy , Hayashi Kei , Blake Cara , Anglin Elizabeth , Morris Katherine , Agnello Kimberly
Published: March 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the inter- and intra-observer variability of the modified Outerbridge cartilage classification system in canine joints evaluated via arthroscopy.

Materials and Methods Fifty arthroscopic videos of canine cartilage were scored by six observers, where three of the observers had significant arthroscopic experience and three had minimal to no experience. The kappa (κ) statistic was used to evaluate overall and individual score inter-observer variability, as well as experience variability. The weighted κ statistic was used to evaluate the overall intra-observer variability for each observer, and for individual score intra-observer variability across experience groups. Landis and Koch cut-offs were used to determine strength of agreement associated with each κ-value.

Results The overall inter-and intra-observer variability of the modified Outerbridge cartilage classification system showed fair and substantial strengths of agreement, respectively. The most extreme scores of 0 and 4 had the best inter- and intra-agreement and the middle scores of 1, 2 and 3 had decreased strengths of agreement. Experience of the observer increased the strength of agreement between the scores.

Clinical Significance The modified Outerbridge classification system is an acceptable method for the evaluation of canine cartilage. Observer agreement is improved if the observer has experience with arthroscopy and viewing cartilage changes, and if the same observer is used for subsequent cartilage evaluations.
Volar Plating: Imaging Modalities for the Detection of Screw Penetration
Authors: Bergsma Minke , Denk Katharina , Doornberg Job N. , van den Bekerom Michel P. J. , Kerkhoffs Gino M. M. J. , Jaarsma Ruurd L. , Obdeijn Miryam C.
Published: March 2019

Background Volar plating for distal radius fractures exposes the risk of extensor tendon rupture, mechanical problems, and osteoarthritis due to protruding screws.

Purposes The purpose of this review was to identify the best intraoperative diagnostic imaging modality to identify dorsal and intra-articular protruding screws in volar plating for distal radius fractures.

Methods The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed for this review. In vitro and in vivo studies that analyzed the reliability, efficacy, and/or accuracy of intraoperatively available imaging modalities for the detection of dorsal or intra-articular screw protrusion after volar plating for distal radius fractures were included.

Results Described additional imaging modalities are additional fluoroscopic views (pronated views, dorsal tangential view [DTV], radial groove view [RGV], and carpal shoot through [CST] view), three-dimensional (3D) and rotational fluoroscopies, and ultrasound (US). For detection of dorsal screw penetration, additional fluoroscopic views show better results than conventional views. Based on small (pilot) studies, US seems to be promising. For intra-articular screw placement, 3D or 360 degrees fluoroscopy shows better result than conventional views.

Conclusion Based on this systematic review, the authors recommend the use of at least one of the following additional imaging modalities to prevent dorsal protruding screws: CST view, DTV, or RGV. Tilt views are recommended for intra-articular assessment. Of all additional fluoroscopic views, the DTV is most studied and proves to be practical and time efficient, with higher efficacy, accuracy, and reliability compared with conventional views.

Level of Evidence The level of evidence is Level III.
Dramatic bandwidth enhancement in nonlinear metastructures via bistable attachments
Authors: Xia Yiwei , Ruzzene Massimo , Erturk Alper
Published: March 2019

We report amplitude-dependent substantial enhancement of the frequency bandwidth in locally resonant metamaterial-based finite structures (metastructures) via bistable attachments. The bistable magnetoelastic beam attachments of the unit cells exhibit linear intrawell, nonlinear intrawell, and nonlinear interwell oscillations for low, moderate, and sufficiently high intensity excitations, respectively. As a result, the overall metastructure leverages linear locally resonant bandgaps under low amplitudes and nonlinear attenuation due to wideband chaotic vibrations of the bistable attachments under large amplitudes. The concept was first demonstrated through a linear mass-spring chain with bistable attachments in a numerical case study. Experimental results and validations are then presented for a base-excited cantilever beam hosting seven bistable unit cells. Transition from linear locally resonant bandgaps to nonlinear attenuation is observed, and the amplitude-dependent bandwidth enhancement is shown. The bandwidth offered by nonlinear interwell oscillations is substantially wider than the linear locally resonant bandgap that is limited by the added mass.
Spin-orbit torque-induced magnetization switching in epitaxial Au/Fe4N bilayer films
Authors: Li Hongwei , Wang Gaili , Li Dan , Hu Ping , Zhou Wenqi , Ma Xingyuan , Dang Shuai , Kang Songdan , Dai Tian , Yu Fengmei , Zhou Xiang , Wu Shuxiang , Li Shuwei
Published: March 2019

Au/Fe4N bilayer films have been grown by the plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy system. After an extraordinarily small charge current is applied to the samples, magnetization of the Fe4N layer was reversed by spin-orbit torque. Analyses indicate that the magnetization reversal is realized via domain wall motion and it was confirmed by magnetic force microscopy measurements. By comparing the transport properties of the Au/Fe4N bilayer film with those of control samples before and after using a pulse current to stimulate the films, contributions of the thermal effect and spin transfer torque induced by current that flows in the Fe4N layer to the magnetization switching were analyzed and determined to be negligible. Kerr signals were observed simultaneously with applying a charge current to the samples at zero magnetic field, which could be explained by the spin Hall effect of the Au layer.
Phase transformations of Al-bearing high-entropy alloys AlxCoCrFeNi (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.75, 1.5) at high pressure
Authors: Wang Chenxu , Tracy Cameron L. , Park Sulgiye , Liu Jin , Ke Feng , Zhang Fuxiang , Yang Tengfei , Xia Songqin , Li Congyi , Wang Yugang , Zhang Yong , Mao Wendy L. , Ewing Rodney C.
Published: March 2019

Pressure-induced structural modifications in high-entropy alloys with varying Al contents, AlxCoCrFeNi (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.75, 1.5), have been investigated at pressures up to ∼50 GPa by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and, following depressurization, by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In AlxCoCrFeNi compounds with x ≤ 0.3, all of which exhibit an initial single-phase face-centered cubic (fcc) structure, proportionality between the Al content and the critical pressure for transformation to hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phases, distinguished by a distinct planar stacking sequence, is observed. This is attributed to the structural distortion arising from the large size of Al atoms relative to those of the other constituent elements, which results in an increase in the formation energy of stacking faults and a decrease in compressibility. High-resolution TEM results demonstrate variation of the stacking sequence from ABCABC, typical of fcc materials, to ABABAB, typical of hcp materials, in CoCrFeNi following high pressure. In Al0.75CoCrFeNi, which exhibits an initial dual-phase structure [fcc and body-centered cubic (bcc)], the result again shows the formation of a (hcp) phase despite its higher Al content, suggesting that the bcc phase may be more amenable to pressure-induced phase modification than is the fcc phase, which is absent for lower Al contents. However, the trend of transformation inhibition by increasing the Al content is again observed, with Al1.5CoCrFeNi retaining its initial structure up to the highest pressure achieved. Determination of these compositional trends in the high-pressure phase response of these materials may enable the production of new phase mixtures with precisely tuned phase proportions and potentially desirable properties.
Tuning the ambipolar behaviour of organic field effect transistors via band engineering
Authors: Warren P. R. , Hardigree J. F. M. , Lauritzen A. E. , Nelson J. , Riede M.
Published: March 2019

We report on a method for fabricating balanced hole and electron transport in ambipolar organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) based on the co-evaporation of zinc-phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and its fluorinated derivative (F8ZnPc). The semiconducting behaviour of the OFET can be tuned continuously from unipolar p-type, with a hole mobility in the range of (1.7 ± 0.1) × 10−4 cm2/Vs, to unipolar n-type, with an electron mobility of (1.0 ± 0.1) × 10−4 cm2/Vs. Devices of the pristine ZnPc and F8ZnPc show a current on/off ratio of 105. By co-evaporating the p-type ZnPc with the n-type F8ZnPc, we fabricate ambipolar transistors and complementary-like voltage inverters. For the ambipolar devices, the optimum balance between the hole and electron mobilities is found for the blend of 1:1.5 weight ratio with hole and electron mobilities of (8.3 ± 0.2) × 10−7 cm2/Vs and (5.5 ± 0.1) × 10−7 cm2/Vs, respectively. Finally we demonstrate application of the ambipolar devices in a complementary-like voltage inverter circuit with the performance comparable to an inverter based on separate ZnPc and F8ZnPc OFETs.
Secondary electron-induced biomolecular fragmentation in fast heavy-ion irradiation of microdroplets of glycine solution
Authors: Kitajima Kensei , Tsuchida Hidetsugu , Majima Takuya , Saito Manabu
Published: March 2019

The influence of secondary electrons on radiation damage of biomolecules in water was studied by fast heavy-ion irradiation of biomolecular solutions. Water microdroplets containing the amino acid glycine under vacuum were irradiated by fast carbon projectiles with energies of 0.8–8.0 MeV. A variety of fragments from the droplets were observed by time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry: methylene amine cation and formate anion originating from the cleavage of C–Cα bonds, cyanide anion generated by cleavage of multiple bonds, and protonated and deprotonated glycine. The dependence of the yield of each fragment on projectile energy was examined; different behavior was observed for positive and negative fragments. Considering that biomolecular fragmentation may be induced by secondary electrons ejected from the water molecules surrounding biomolecules, we calculated the cross section for ejection of secondary electrons from liquid water. We found that the formation of both positive and negative glycine fragment ions correlated with the predicted emission of secondary electrons at different projectile energies. The formation of [Gly–H]− fragments, typical for gas phase dissociative electron attachment to amino acids, is shown to be caused by electrons from the low-energy part of the secondary electron distribution.
Structural and optical characterization of RbLaP4O12:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Ce3+, Nd3+, Tm3+, or Yb3+)
Authors: Stefanski M. , Grzeszkiewicz K. , Ptak M. , Hreniak D. , Strek W.
Published: March 2019

In this work, for the first time, detailed structural and optical characterization of RbLaP4O12 doped with different concentrations of Ce3+, Nd3+, Tm3+, or Yb3+ ions is reported. The samples were obtained via a precipitation technique. Their structural characterization was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and infrared and Raman spectroscopies. Following XRD data, the unit cell parameters of host lattices were calculated using Rietveld refinement. It was found that an increase in the dopant content leads to a decrease in the unit cell volume. The optical characterization of RbLaP4O12:Ln3+ was carried out by collecting absorption and emission spectra, as well as luminescence decay profiles. Following absorption spectra, the energy band gap of the studied matrix was determined. It was found that the broad absorption band located in the ultra-violet range, in most cases ascribed to charge transfer or f-d transitions, is in fact related to the absorption of the host lattice. The analysis of luminescence properties allowed us to investigate possible ways of depopulation emission levels of impurities.
High-responsivity and polarization-discriminating terahertz photodetector based on plasmonic resonance
Authors: Zheng Yuanliao , Chen Pingping , Yang Heming , Ding Jiayi , Zhou Yuwei , Tang Zhou , Zhou Xiaohao , Li Zhifeng , Li Ning , Chen Xiaoshuang , Lu Wei
Published: March 2019

In this paper, a high-responsivity terahertz quantum well photodetector based on plasmonic resonance is proposed and investigated theoretically and experimentally, and the polarization-discriminating detection of the device is demonstrated. With a one-dimensional metallic grating structure integrated on the top of the detector, a 6-fold enhancement of the peak responsivity about 0.82 A/W at 46 μm compared to that of the standard device has been achieved. The physical mechanism behind the enhanced responsivity can be attributed to the enhancement of the intersubband absorption resulting from the surface Plasmon polariton mode, which can be explored from the theoretical simulation results. The polarization extinction ratio of the plasmonic-enhanced device reaches 56, and the measured signal intensity at each polarization angle satisfies Malus' law. In addition to the above advantages, the structure is simple in fabrication and compatible with the preparation process of the focal plane array. The results open up an effective method for the application of surface plasmon in terahertz detection.
Recent progress on high-pressure and high-temperature studies of fullerenes and related materials
Authors: Pei Cuiying , Wang Lin
Published: March 2019

Polymerization of fullerenes is an interesting topic that has been studied for almost three decades. A rich polymeric phase diagram of C60 has been drawn under a variety of pressure P and temperature T conditions. Knowledge of the targeted preparation and structural control of fullerene polymers has become increasingly important because of their utility in producing novel fullerene-based architectures with unusual properties and potential applications. This paper focuses on the polymeric phases of fullerenes and their derivatives under high P and/or high T. First, the polymerization behavior and the various polymeric phases of C60 and C70 under such conditions are briefly reviewed. A summary of the polymerization process of intercalated fullerenes is then presented, and a synthetic strategy for novel structural and functional fullerene polymers is proposed. Finally, on the basis of the results of recent research, a proposal is made for further studies of endohedral fullerenes at high P.
Solubility of paracetamol in ethanol by molecular dynamics using the extended Einstein crystal method and experiments
Authors: Bellucci Michael A. , Gobbo Gianpaolo , Wijethunga Tharanga K. , Ciccotti Giovanni , Trout Bernhardt L.
Published: March 2019

Li and co-workers [Li et al., J. Chem. Phys. 146, 214110 (2017)] have recently proposed a methodology to compute the solubility of molecular compounds from first principles, using molecular dynamics simulations. We revise and further explore their methodology that was originally applied to naphthalene in water at low concentration. In particular, we compute the solubility of paracetamol in an ethanol solution at ambient conditions. For the simulations, we used a force field that we previously reparameterized to reproduce certain thermodynamic properties of paracetamol but not explicitly its solubility in ethanol. In addition, we have determined the experimental solubility by performing turbidity measurements using a Crystal16 over a range of temperatures. Our work serves a dual purpose: (i) methodologically, we clarify how to compute, with a relatively straightforward procedure, the solubility of molecular compounds and (ii) applying this procedure, we show that the solubility predicted by our force field (0.085 ± 0.014 in mole ratio) is in good agreement with the experimental value obtained from our experiments and those reported in the literature (average 0.0585 ± 0.004), considering typical deviations for predictions from first principle methods. The good agreement between the experimental and the calculated solubility also suggests that the method used to reparameterize the force field can be used as a general strategy to optimize force fields for simulations in solution.
Contraction flow of ionomers and their corresponding copolymers: Ionic and hydrogen bonding effects
Authors: Tomkovic Tanja , Mitsoulis Evan , Hatzikiriakos Savvas G.
Published: March 2019

The contraction flow of several commercial ionomer melts and their corresponding copolymers was studied numerically using a viscoelastic integral constitutive model developed by Kaye and Bernstein, Kearsley, and Zapas, known as the K-BKZ model. First a detailed rheological characterization was performed to calculate the parameters of the K-BKZ model used in the flow simulations. The effects of ionic and hydrogen bonding associations have been studied on the entry pressure drop, on the corner vortex in the capillary contraction, as well as on the vortex strength. In all cases, the ionomers exhibit much more significant effects compared to their copolymers, the more so as the number of ionic associations present in their backbone increases. This is due to strong ionic associations present in the ionomers that give rise to strong strain hardening effects important in entry flows. Compared to ionic associations, the effects of hydrogen bonds are insignificant particularly at levels less than 5 mol. %.
Electrically switchable whispering gallery mode lasing from ferroelectric liquid crystal microdroplets
Authors: Sofi Junaid Ahmad , Dhara Surajit
Published: March 2019

Liquid crystal microdroplets have received considerable attention over recent years owing to their potential applications in chemical, biomedical sensing and lasing. We report experimental studies on whispering gallery mode lasing from dye-doped ferroelectric liquid crystal microdroplets suspended in a low refractive index and highly transparent perfluoropolymer at ambient temperature. We show that the lasing threshold pump energy of ferroelectric microdroplets is much lower than that of the nematic and cholesteric microdroplets. With the increasing electric field, the linewidth increases, while the lasing intensity decreases and eventually switches off beyond a particular field. Since the switching response time is fast (≈350 μs), ferroelectric liquid crystal based microlasers are useful for applications as electrically switchable sources in miniaturised devices and in soft photonic circuits.
Assessment of extreme heat and hospitalizations to inform early warning systems
Authors: Vaidyanathan Ambarish , Saha Shubhayu , Vicedo-Cabrera Ana M. , Gasparrini Antonio , Abdurehman Nabill , Jordan Richard , Hawkins Michelle , Hess Jeremy , Elixhauser Anne
Published: March 2019

Significance

Heat early warning systems and action plans have been shown to reduce risks of heat exposure, and best practice recommends that plans be built around local epidemiologic evidence and emergency management capacity. This evaluation provides useful information for heat early warning system and action plan administrators regarding the temperature ranges at which health impacts are manifest, the morbidity outcomes most sensitive to heat, and alignment between alert thresholds and temperatures at which disease burden is most pronounced. The results suggest opportunities for improvement and for refinement of prevention messaging as well as coordination between meteorological and public health authorities at multiple levels before, during, and after periods of extreme heat.
Mapping Solar System chaos with the Geological Orrery
Authors: Olsen Paul E. , Laskar Jacques , Kent Dennis V. , Kinney Sean T. , Reynolds David J. , Sha Jingeng , Whiteside Jessica H.
Published: March 2019

Significance

The Solar System is chaotic, and precise solutions for the motions of the planets are limited to about 60 million years. Using a network of coring experiments that we call the Geological Orrery (after 18th century planetaria), we recover precise and accurate values for the precession of the perihelion of the inner planets from 223- to 199-million-year-old tropical lake sediments, circumventing the problem of Solar System chaos. Extension of the Geological Orrery from 60 million years ago to the whole Mesozoic and beyond would provide an empirical realm to constrain models of Solar System evolution, further test General Relativity and its alternatives, constrain the existence of additional past planets, and provide further tests of gravitational models.
Fast pressure-jump all-atom simulations and experiments reveal site-specific protein dehydration-folding dynamics
Authors: Prigozhin Maxim B. , Zhang Yi , Schulten Klaus , Gruebele Martin , Pogorelov Taras V.
Published: March 2019

Significance

When proteins fold, water is squeezed out of the hydrophobic core, leaving small desolvated pockets. Such voids are critical for protein flexibility and function, but not much is known about how and when they form during protein folding. We combine long atomic-level simulations with rapid pressure-drop experiments to see how water gets out of a protein as it folds. For one small protein, we find that dry pockets can form repeatedly between various pairs of protein α-helices before a successful folding event finally occurs. For another small protein, drying and folding are much more concerted. Thus, the formation of void pockets that enhance protein flexibility can occur in a concerted fashion or by coincidence of several local events.