bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lesiones en Trail Running, Cross-Country y Orientación: Una revisión sistemática (Trail Running, Cross-Country and Orienteering Injuries: A Systematic Review)
Authors: Reyes Oyola Felipe Augusto , Gil Sánchez Sofía , Palomino Devia Constanza , Otero Saborido Fernando , González Jurado José Antonio
Published: January 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue identificar las lesiones más frecuentes entre corredores de trail running, comparándolas con las lesiones en corredores de cross-country y orientación, analizando la prevalencia e incidencia de lesiones en ambos perfiles de deportistas. Se realizó una revisión sistemática considerando las bases de datos Web of Science, Medline, Scopus y Sport Discuss, siguiendo la declaración PRISMA y la estrategia PICOS. Se obtuvieron 3160 artículos; se seleccionaron 19. Se analizó el riesgo de sesgo mediante la escala de calidad JBI y la escala de evidencia científica CEBM. Los resultados revelan que los corredores de trail running informaron de un mayor porcentaje de lesiones en el tobillo (49,5%) en términos de la ubicación anatómica y tendinopatías (29,8%) en lo que respecta al diagnóstico. Por otro lado, los corredores de cross-country y orientación mostraron un mayor porcentaje de lesiones en la rodilla (14,6%) en cuanto a la ubicación anatómica, así como afecciones inflamatorias y dolor (20,2% en hombres y 33,6% en mujeres en cross-country; 75,41% en corredores de orientación) según el diagnóstico. En lo que respecta a la incidencia, en el trail running, las tasas oscilan entre 1,6 y 187,9 por cada 1000 horas de carrera, mientras que en el cross-country son más bajas, variando entre 3,96 y 17 por cada 1000 exposiciones.
Palabras clave: Lesiones, corredores, trail running, cross-country, orientación.
Abstract. The objective of the study was to identify the most frequent injuries among trail running runners, comparing them with injuries in cross-country and orienteering runners, analyzing the prevalence and incidence of injuries in both profiles of athletes. A systematic review was conducted considering Web of Science, Medline, Scopus and Sport Discuss databases, following the PRISMA statement and the PICOS strategy. A total of 3160 articles were obtained; 19 were selected. The risk of bias was analysed using the JBI quality scale and the CEBM scientific evidence scale. The results reveal that trail runners reported a higher percentage of ankle injuries (49.5%) in terms of anatomical location and tendinopathies (29.8%) in terms of diagnosis. On the other hand, cross-country and orienteering runners showed a higher percentage of knee injuries (14.6%) in terms of anatomical location, as well as inflammatory conditions and pain (20.2% in men and 33, 6% in women in cross-country; 75.41% in orienteering runners) according to the diagnosis. Regarding the incidence, in trail running, the rates oscillate between 1.6 and 187.9 per 1000 hours of running, while in cross-country they are lower, varying between 3.96 and 17 per every 1000 exposures.
Keywords: Injuries, runners, trail running, cross-country, orientation.
Study of epidemiological Helicobacter pylori infection among Iraqi patients
Authors: Albadri Mohammed
Published: January 2024

Background:      
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) continues to be a highly prevalent chronic infection on a global scale. Despite an apparent rise in prevalence across numerous countries globally, H.pylori continues to be a significant determinant in the etiology of peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and dyspeptic symptoms.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of H.pylori infection in Baghdad province, Iraq.
Patients and methods: This prevalence study was conducted in Baghdad province from March 2019 to March 2023. 240 participants were divided into 120 males and 120 females, all participants suffered from a disorder in the gastrointestinal tract. The presence of H.pylori was identified using the Urea breath test method, a standard procedure employed to diagnose H.pylori or validate the elimination of the pathogen from patients following H.pylori treatment.
Results:
     The research findings indicate that the prevalence of H.pylori infection differs between genders, with females having a higher incidence rate (29.2%) than males (22.5%). The study shows the level of education does not decrease the percentage of infection and the percentage of infected persons in non-literate was (11.6 % ), the secondary level was ( 14.1 % ) and in academic level person ( 22.9 % ). The study shows the age effect on the percentage of infection, in patients aged less than 20 years old the percentage was (7.9 % ), in patients between 21 – and 40 years old the percentage was ( 30.4  % ) which is considered a high percentage, and in age more than 40 years old the percentage decreased to (11.6 %).
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the study H.pylori infection is influenced by gender, with a greater frequency of infection seen in females. The level of education did not decrease the percentage of infection. The percentage of infection affected by age and the higher percentage the age between (21–and 40) was considered a higher age for infection.
Перспективы автомобилизации на базе отечественных электромобилей: анализ и сценарный прогноз
Authors: Милякин С.Р. , Скубачевская Н.Д.
Published: January 2024

Статья посвящена анализу возможностей модернизации автомобильной отрасли за счет электрификации легкового автотранспорта. Анализируются преимущества и риски такой модернизации, выделяются основные факторы, определяющие этот переход, описывается необходимая транспортная политика. Рассматриваются несколько сценариев, отличающихся степенью развития электрификации. Представлен прогнозно-аналитический инструментарий для построения перспектив выпуска электромобилей, необходимого объема зарядной инфраструктуры и затрат на нее, а также мощностей накопителей энергии и необходимого обеспечения литиевым сырьем. Оцениваются объемы этих показателей в разных сценариях.
Страхование грузов в Российской Федерации: современное состояние, эффективность и пути развития
Authors: Цыганов А.А. , Брызгалов Д.В. , Рыбаков С.И.
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматривается сегмент страхования грузов в Российской Федерации. Исследуются тенденции данного вида страхования в увязке с общеэкономическими факторами, проводится анализ его эффективности для участников страховых отношений и определяются пути развития грузового страхования. Методической основой исследования стал анализ статистических данных Центрального банка Российской Федерации и официальной статистики Росстата в части динамики валового внутреннего продукта, объемов грузооборота, грузоперевозок и экспорта. Также использованы сведения, полученные авторами в ходе оказания консультационных и иных профессиональных услуг участникам страхового рынка России. В результате выявлены отличия тенденций сегмента страхования грузов от общерыночных. Подтверждена гипотеза о преимущественном влиянии на страхование грузов внешнеэкономической деятельности. Изучены показатели эффективности страхования грузов, в том числе, средний коэффициент выплат. Сформулированы предложения по разработке и реализации государственной экономической политики в сфере страхования внешнеторговых грузов, направленной на преодоление политических и экономических ограничений по отношению к Российской Федерации и ее предприятиям.
Влияние отраслевой структуры производства на формирование и распределение рабочих мест
Authors: Единак Е.А.
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматривается одна из потенциальных причин ситуации, когда экономический рост в стране не трансформируется в рост доходов населения. Это сложившаяся отраслевая структура экономики, которая определяет количественные и качественные характеристики формируемых рабочих мест, их распределение по отраслям, а также включенность в процесс распределения создаваемой добавленной стоимости в стране. Для американской и российской экономик приводятся оценки количества рабочих мест, продуцируемых тремя группами отраслей (высокотехнологичные, среднетехнологичные высокого уровня и наукоемкие виды деятельности) в смежных отраслях (в расчете на 100 рабочих мест). Эти оценки получены с использованием данных системы национальных счетов. Показывается, что в российской экономике потребительские расходы более высокой децильной группы в большей степени формируют спрос на продукцию и услуги отраслей сферы услуг, что обусловливает поддержание в них рабочих мест, которые не всегда требуют высокой квалификации, оплаты труда и производительности. Выдвигается тезис о том, что одним из требований к будущей структуре российской экономики должно стать качество формируемых ею рабочих мест с соответствующим уровнем оплаты труда, позволяющим устойчиво поддерживать и наращивать доходы среднего класса.
A FITOTERAPIA NO TRATAMENTO DA ALVEOLITE: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE LITERATURA
Authors: Ferreira Rocha Thiago , Pombo Sudré da Silva Aminthia , Nocelle de Almeida Marcelo
Published: January 2024

Dentre as principais complicações após a extração de dentes permanentes está a alveolite causada pela infecção de microrganismos no alvéolo, que ajudam a desintegrar o coágulo através da fibrinólise. Várias são as modalidades de tratamento para a alveolite; contudo, o uso de antibióticos de forma inadequada pode gerar resistência bacteriana. Os medicamentos extraídos de plantas e seus derivados apresentam grande eficácia no tratamento de feridas, entre elas, a alveolite. Além de disponíveis e baratos, também são considerados seguros, pois raramente provocam reações alérgicas a eles. O objetivo desse estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o uso de fitoterápicos, plantas medicinais, no tratamento da alveolite. A base de dados utilizada foi o Google Acadêmico com os seguintes termos de busca em inglês: “alveolitis”, “medicinal plant” e “dental extraction” com o intervalo temporal de janeiro de 2000 a agosto de 2023. Dois revisores (1º e 2º autores) avaliaram de forma independente os registros selecionando os artigos que atendiam aos critérios de elegibilidade. Os dados extraídos dos artigos foram planilhados no Excel, contemplando 22 variáveis, entre elas os principais princípios ativos relativos ao tratamento da alveolite. Observou-se que os documentos selecionados geraram uma gama de dados relevantes que poderão ser úteis para direcionar novos estudos.
Hemşirelik Eğitimi Üzerine 2000-2023 Yılları Arasında Yapılan Lisansüstü Tezlerin Eğilimleri: Bir İçerik Analizi
Authors: Kocaağalar Akince Elif , Güngör Duygu Ceren
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmada, hemşirelik eğitimi üzerine yapılan lisansüstü tezlerin farklı değişkenler açısından eğilimlerini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanında, 2000-2023 yılları arasında yayınlanmış olan lisansüstü tezler “Hemşirelik Eğitimi” ve “Nurse Education” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak taranmıştır. Veri tabanından, 54 teze ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 45 lisansüstü tez değerlendirmeye alınmış ve betimsel içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Dahil edilen araştırmaların %53,4’ü yüksek lisans, %46,6’sı ise doktora tezi olup, en çok araştırma 2019 yılında yapılmıştır. Hemşirelik eğitimi üzerine yapılan lisansüstü tezlerde; %47’sinde en çok ön test son test kontrol gruplu deneysel desen kullanıldığı, yayın dillerinin ise tamamının Türkçe olduğu saptanmıştır. Lisansüstü tezlerin çoğunluğu erişime açıktır. Türkiye genelinde tüm üniversiteler kapsama alındığında az sayıda üniversitede hemşirelik eğitimi konusunun çalışıldığı, üniversiteler arasında ise en çok %8,88 Ege Üniversitesi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Marmara Üniversitesi ve Hacettepe Üniversitesi’nde konu alanında çalışıldığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca en sık kullanılan anahtar kelimenin ise “hemşirelik eğitimi” olduğu saptanmıştır. Hemşirelik eğitimi konulu lisansüstü tezlerin sınırlı sayıda olduğu görülmüş olup, bunun arttırılması hemşirelik eğitiminin geleceği açısından oldukça önem taşımaktadır. Gelecekte planlanan araştırmalarda tema, araştırma deseni seçiminde çalışma bulgularının hemşirelik eğitimi alanında üretilmek istenen bilimsel bilgi açısından yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bununla birlikte, sınırlı sayıda araştırma olması nedeniyle hemşirelik eğitimi araştırmalarının desteklenmesi ve yaygınlaştırılması önerilmektedir.
Spectrum of Vaccine Preventable Diseases Amongst Children in Isolation Ward of Tertiary Care Hospitals
Authors: Afsheen Batool Raza  , Lubna Riaz  , Asfand Tariq  , Ghanwa Pervaiz  , Shazia Iram  , Shazia Rizwan
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of the study is to determine the spectrum of vaccine preventable diseases amongst children in pediatric medical unit of  tertiary care hospitals and also determine its relationship with the vaccination status.

METHODOLOGY:

It was a cross sectional study held at isolation ward of pediatric therapeutic division of  The Children’s Hospital and University of Child Health Sciences and Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from December 2019 to November, 2020. We included children aged between 2 months to 16 years. After getting parental consent, precise history taken and examination done. Patients admitted with different vaccine preventable diseases analyzed.

RESULTS:

One hundred and twenty patients were enrolled. Amongst them, 55.83% were male and 44.17 % were female. Amongst spectrum of diseases, most common was chicken pox 43(35.83%) followed by measles 32(26.6 %), tetanus 20 (16.6%), diphtheria 13(10.83 %), mumps 12 (10%).

CONCLUSION:

Amongst diseases, chicken pox was the commonest one. Non-vaccination is the major reason that children are presenting with these potentially morbid diseases. Moreover, vaccine against varicella should be included in EPI Programme for our country.
Cultuurkritiek in het antropoceen
Authors: van Amelsvoort Jesse
Published: January 2024

Framed against Timothy Clark’s comments on the potency of ecocriticism, in this contribution I first zoom in on how cultural critique according to Rosemarie Buikema can contribute to discussions on matters of common concern. I then sketch two lines of argument that emerge from her work: firstly, the way in which art and culture can break through societal silences and, secondly, the importance of history and the past for cultural production in the present. Both issues are important where it concerns climate change and the Anthropocene. They lead to the essential question when thinking about ecocriticism: not ‘where goes cultural critique’ (the ‘quo vadis’ question), but what kind of critique is necessary?
Unfolding patterns of revolt
Authors: Braidotti Rosi , Smelik Anneke
Published: January 2024

This article deals with art, fashion design, and cultural practice as both critique and creativity. It analyses artworks by William Kentridge, Sue Austin, and Lina Iris Viktor, as well as the fashion of Viktor & Rolf, reading these different works as modes of resistance and revolt against current forms and relations of power and knowledge. The authors place emphasis on new materialism and posthuman theory as theoretical frameworks that expand the range of cultural critique. They add a thematic focus on the actual bodies, the materials of cultural action, and the role of non-human elements in the making of artworks. With reference to feminist, decolonial and indigenous theories, the article analyses the workings of counter-cultural memories in contemporary art and fashion design practices.
Wandering around the edges of the arts and humanities
Authors: Hearn Jeff
Published: January 2024

Writing sometimes involves wandering. This writing seeks to say and show what it is to write wandering around the edges of the arts and humanities. It also concerns why some writing is difficult, and thence writing on some of those difficulties. These problematics are wandered around, by several rounds – some images invoked by edge-wandering; registering particular significant individuals; how particular places persist in understandings of wandering; disciplines and methodologies, including reflecting on spatiality and locationality; interdisciplinarity and academia; transnational wanderings across writing genres; and relations of art, humanities, science and politics, understood as personal, work, political and theoretical.
‘Is it possible to represent her freshly without reproducing sexist and racist appropriation?’1
Authors: Kisubi Mbasalaki Phoebe
Published: January 2024

When black South African artist Willie Bester, whose art persistently criticizes the colonial and totalitarian history of his country, created a sculpture of Sarah Bartmann (or Saartjie Bartmann) out of recycled material, one wouldn’t have imagined so many ruptures from this work. Buikema (2007) clinically unpacks the first rupture at the University of Cape Town by deploying politics of representation as presence and symbolic. And she questions: Is it possible to represent Sarah Bartmann freshly without reproducing sexist and racist appropriations? In this article, I unpick Buikema’s article while putting it into conversation with further ruptures that took place at UCT between 2015-2018 after the student protests calling for decolonisation of the university. I argue that it is through such critical engagements and discomforts that transformation towards dignifying and humanising of Sarah Bartmann occurs; and by extension, epistemic justice.
Aesthetics and politics in contemporary South Africa
Authors: Shefer Tamara
Published: January 2024

South Africa is a context within which Rosemarie Buikema has thought deeply and conducted much of her empirical research for her book Revolts in Critique. This contribution pursues some of the ways in which Buikema’s scholarship resonates with contemporary South African currents of thinking towards justice goals, within the academy and in the larger post-apartheid South Africa. Buikema’s work provides a valuable philosophical framework for thinking with art for change, particularly through her feminist postcolonial conceptualisation of the ‘poetics of recycling’ which underlines the assertion that the articulation and/or the memory of trauma is not a linear process but a cycle that has to be reiterated, time and again in order to open up alternative imaginaries. I explore in particular the productive possibilities of this framework in thinking with current South African feminist decolonial and queer scholarship, art and activism that deploys imagination and creativity to disrupt the raced, classed, and gendered inequalities and violences that still characterise this local landscape.
Object Lessons and Infrastructural Imperialism
Authors: Grieveson Lee
Published: January 2024

This chapter uncovers the history of the US government’s use of film in the interwar years to foster new domestic and transnational road networks. It explores the role and place of media in state-led efforts to generate circulation and foster forms of economic imperialism.
Modern Water Sprites
Authors: Zimmer Fabian
Published: January 2024

In the 1950s, the Swedish State Power Board Vattenfall commissioned a large number of short films documenting the construction of water power plants in northern Sweden. Focusing on a selection of these films, I argue in this chapter that Vattenfall’s film production must be seen in the context of a larger shift in Vattenfall’s PR strategies. Starting in the 1950s, Vattenfall used film as a central medium for mitigating conflicts surrounding the construction of water power plants. Mobilizing new and ambivalent narratives of modernity, the films were designed to depict Vattenfall as an environmentally and socially friendly company –an image that was perfectly embodied by the allegory of the modern water sprite.
Taxonomy of Techniques
Authors: Tsunoda Takuya
Published: January 2024

This chapter, a case study of the Sakuma Dam series, presents three interlocking points: its geopolitical imbrication with state-endorsed modernization and democratization; a genealogy of science film as motion photography of life; and a seemingly incongruous connection between industrial film and the legacy of post-war leftist filmmaking. The central argument revolves around investigating industrial film as a point of convergence between the increasingly technical conditions of existence and a material understanding of cinema. The dual functions of technologies as infrastructural innovations and cinematic mediation techniques point toward epistemological inquiries about cinema as technological phenomenon. A taxonomy of techniques, an epistemic and reflexive process that transformed this dual function into an object of analysis, was entwined with the post-war resurgence of science film production in Japan.
The Power of Flows
Authors: Zimmermann Yvonne
Published: January 2024

This chapter looks at two exemplary Swiss films from the 1930s and 1950s to study the circulation of narratives, rhetoric strategies and motifs in industrial films on hydropower. Drawing on Manuel Castells’ concept of “the space of flows,” the chapter focuses on the spatiality of these films and shows how they mediate between the dynamic space of flows of technology and economy and the static places of society. The films negotiate space within a national framework and use water power and landscape as cultural resources to shape ideas about national identity. Arguably, these films are not as much representations and records of spatial transformations as they are actors in the process of negotiating the transformation of places into spaces of flow.
Industry on Screen
Authors: Foxon Steve
Published: January 2024

This chapter explores the struggle that British documentary film units faced in getting their films seen. It examines the essential relationship between sponsored filmmaking and its distribution. It analyses the distribution methods of the pioneer documentary units and focuses on the methods adopted by one industrial film unit, British Transport Films, dedicated to the needs of nationalized transport and a cousin to the industrial film unit of nationalized coal. This historical analysis highlights the essential relationship, where distribution is key to conveying the message and ensuring the success of a production. The demise of the industrial film unit is then shown to go hand in hand with the demise of the distribution networks as corporate communications change direction.
On the Red Carpet in Rouen
Authors: Jacobson Brian
Published: January 2024

This chapter examines the cycle of international industrial film festivals that began in Rouen, France, in 1960 and continued in Turin, West Berlin, Madrid, London, Venice, Lisbon, Vienna and a host of other European cities in the 1970s. It focuses on the 1960 festival in Rouen, which screened 160 films from eighteen nations to more than five hundred visitors. It argues, first, that such festivals helped stimulate interest in a critical but neglected movement – an alternative, industrial “new wave” – that many observers hoped would help revive European film industries and, second, that they fostered a form of cultural cosmopolitanism with ramifications that went well beyond the film business itself to both reflect and animate shifting configurations of global capital.
New Media for the Schools of Tomorrow
Authors: Acland Charles R.
Published: January 2024

During the mid-twentieth century, the Ohio State University’s Bureau of Educational Research was an influential venue for the development of ideas about new media in classrooms, advancing forms of audiovisual pedagogy and influencing today’s teaching methods. One of the ways its views and findings circulated was through the production of instructional films about audiovisual pedagogy, largely directed toward the training of teachers. Through an examination of the production and distribution circumstances of such Robert W. Wagner-produced films, this chapter reveals the dominant ideological frames for the advancement of new technological conditions. These frames show the way audiovisual advocates and experts sought to establish “schools for tomorrow” as a flexible media environment that featured media making. Doing so, they fortified conditions and discourses about the new technological society and the technocratic citizenry appropriate to those conditions.
We Must Know More Than We Can See
Authors: Machado Guilherme
Published: January 2024

When labour moves out of the visible realm, new visual techniques for transmitting labour-related knowledge appear to keep production systems running. This chapter examines some corporate practices of knowledge transmission in the era of post-industrial labour in France. The emergence of cognitive ergonomics in the last decades of the twentieth century led to a reconfiguration of visual techniques for vocational education, which have gradually replaced systems of education based on visual prescriptions. Henceforth, learners no longer stand before the images of labour to endure the constraint of their truth. Educational and organisational images of labour now frequently have the function of situating workers in learning environments with carefully planned aesthetic affordances, so that the design of efficiency becomes the workers’ own daily concern. The chapter presents a few examples of such dispositives for transmitting labour-related knowledge since the 1990s, particularly in the French energy production company Electricite de France.
Free Enterprise Film
Authors: Anthony Scott
Published: January 2024

In the aftermath of World War II, Aims of Industry emerged as a significant propaganda organization. Through films, cartoons and public discussions it combined the interests of corporations, local businessmen and consumer groups in opposition to austerity. While sharing many rhetorical and visual idioms of the films produced by the British state, Aims of Industry’s propaganda favoured the international over the domestic, exchange over production and individualism against restraint. Beside its role in the longer-term resurgence of economic liberalism, Aims’ story also illustrates how the pedagogic norms of the Documentary Film Movement were elbowed aside by hidden persuading, how privacy and consumption began to alter the UK’s media culture, and how de-industrialization eroded the modernist foundations of British documentary.
Soviet Industrial Film across Categories
Authors: Vinogradova Maria
Published: January 2024

Due to the centrality of the industrial working class to the Marxist project and its Leninist interpretations, industry as a theme had a significant presence in Soviet cultural production. “Films on an industrial topic,” the term favoured within the Soviet film industry, presented a thematic category rather than a type. The topic’s treatment featured a strong aesthetic component that manifested itself on par with the more utilitarian functions, such as disseminating technical literacy. This chapter maps the industrial film across the whole spectrum of the Soviet non-fiction film production, including the kulturfilms of the 1920s, technical films of the 1930s, as well as the popular science, educational and amateur films of the post-World War II period.
Business and Art
Authors: Bonah Christian
Published: January 2024

This chapter addresses commissioned industrial film by enquiring how Eric Duvivier organized the production and distribution network of ScienceFilm from the 1950s to the 1980s. Following the indirect structure of the medical sector, PR is often directed at professionals and ScienceFilm productions navigate vague boundaries between promotional and educational film, with the first intentionally mimicking the second, which is considered as a first meaning of “cinema as a parasite form.” A second viral-parasitic form and level of investing and hijacking intentions is opened by filmmakers creating commissioned industrial films that were also circulated in experimental avant-garde cinemas in Paris in the 1970s. This parasite film form – promotion as education, parasitized itself as industrial commissioned experimental art film – is here portrayed.
Transfer of Power
Authors: Russell Patrick
Published: January 2024

This chapter argues against reductive understandings of the authorship of industrial filmmaking, and for the importance of sponsors and producers in determining (via complex interplay) its form and content. It further argues for the value of understanding the role of individuals responsible for managing the relationship between major industries and the filmmakers they commission. These themes are explored via the story of the moving image work of Britain’s National Coal Board and the men – in turn H.K. Lewenhak, Donald Alexander and Francis Gysin – who managed its relationship with production companies and with its own internal film unit. Their careers are mapped against both the turbulent history of Britain’s nationalized coal industry and the rise and fall of the post-war sponsored film.
After the Apocalypse: The Evolving Ethos of the Celestial Master Daoists
Authors: Kleeman Terry
Published: January 2024

Celestial Master Daoism appeared in the mid-second century as a revealed religion with a pronounced millenarian worldview. Early members believed they faced cosmic disasters that would purge the world of evil and welcome in a utopian age of Great Peace. This early enthusiasm was softened by the fourth century as a more relaxed eschatology developed, which focused on living a meritorious life and adhering to the Daoist ethical precepts as the way to ensure happiness. Focusing on the “Code of Teachings and Precepts of the Celestial Master,” Kleeman reconstructs the lived religion of the Celestial Master community as it transitioned to a more routinized and established structure, less millennial fervor and more Buddhist impact.
Between the Lines: Using Differential Game Analysis to Develop Environmental Thinking
Authors: Backe Hans-Joachim
Published: January 2024

When discussing Games for Change, there is a tendency to focus on the didactic potential of playing one specific game with its well-researched representation of ecological issues and carefully encoded values. While such arguments are doubtlessly needed, they may underestimate the importance of the context in which play makes meaning. This chapter highlights two important contexts within which players understand their actions in a particular game: their experiences in similar games, and their personal play compared to that of and with others. It presents deep readings of four survivalist games played both solo and cooperatively and shows how much ecocritical reflection is produced not by engagement with the individual example, but the comparative perception of games and players.
A Dynamic Engagement Model to Provide Ecological Awareness of the Climate Crisis through Video Games
Authors: Bjørner Thomas , Schønau-Fog Henrik
Published: January 2024

We present an overview of elements that contribute to making successful video games that promote critical engagement with climate threats and sustainable futures. Major challenges exist in how to design engaging, serious games that target the climate crisis, including, for example, motivation, flow, learning outcomes, or even behavioral changes. Building on past research and different ‘ecological’ games, we suggest a dynamic engagement model (DEM) that outlines four stages of engagement for video games, including before, during, and after gameplay and dis- or reengagement. We argue that more work should be spent on studying a holistic perspective of engagement, including the importance of engagement in the four stages, to improve our understanding of motivational factors for playing ecological games.
Postcoloniality, Ecocriticism and Lessons from the Playable Landscape
Authors: Murray Soraya
Published: January 2024

What methodological lessons for ecocriticism may be learned from previous critical game studies interventions? Specifically, I consider the political work undertaken by postcolonial critiques of video games, and their pertinent address of human-centered understandings of the land, within the context of larger issues of inclusion, representation, diversity, and the challenging of hegemonic power structures. What can ecocritical games’ crucial visual culture function be, in operating against the grain of profit and innovation-driven ends—or even the very real problems of raw resources needed for their existence? This chapter asserts that ecocriticism and postcolonial critique exert a doubled pressure on rote forms of play design and present meaningful possibilities for video games as a maturing cultural form.
No Cyclones in Age of Empires: Empire, Ecology, and Video Games
Authors: Mukherjee Souvik
Published: January 2024

This chapter analyzes games themed around exploration, which have an express colonial premise, and empire-building games that depict the exploitation of flora and fauna, particularly in settings of colonialism and empire. The discussion also addresses other games where hunting is directly connected to the colonized landscape. In doing so, the chapter addresses larger questions raised by postcolonial ecocriticism in the context of video game cultures. Such a discussion aims to supplement the ongoing discourse on ecocritical issues in video game studies as well as to broaden the ambit of postcolonial thinking around ecology, especially by extending the framework to newer digital narrative media such as video games.
Games for Better Futures: The Art and Joy of Making and Unmaking Societies
Authors: Vervoort Joost M. , Moossdorff Carien , Thompson Kyle A.
Published: January 2024

This chapter proposes that games engaging with the global ecological crisis would benefit from engaging with the processes of building and dismantling institutions. We first describe how institutions are at the core of human society, culture and organization. We then discuss the link between games and institutions; subsequently, we discuss game media ecosystems and introduce the value of looking at game design and gameplay as utopian processes. Next, we discuss the need to not only focus on building new institutions but also on dismantling existing, destructive institutions. Finally, we discuss structural changes needed in the game sector—e.g., regarding funding and publishing, game developer education, and platforms—to realize its transformative potential using the concept of imagination infrastructuring.
Green New Worlds? Ecology and Energy in Planetary Colonization Games
Authors: Frelik Paweł
Published: January 2024

The chapter examines planetary colonization games as a subgenre primed for its ability to speak to environmental concerns, such as extractivism, sustainability, and biodegradation. However, although the subgenre ostensibly lends itself to the radical reimagination of models of civilizational advancement, the majority of games in this category reproduce attitudes and developmental mechanisms that underwrite the climate crisis. This chapter identifies a number of shared mechanics and conventions in the subgenre, briefly discussing Aven Colony (Mothership Entertainment 2017) as a paradigmatic text that encapsulates its ecological rhetoric. Finally, it looks at several titles that depart from the subgenre’s baseline, paying attention to how their narrative and procedural rhetoric can be harnessed in to raise awareness about environmental degradation.
Symbiosis, or How to Make Kin in the Chthulucene
Authors: Raessens Joost
Published: January 2024

The virtual reality installation Symbiosis (Polymorf 2020) is a performative, multisensory, multiuser, multispecies, and interpassive storytelling experience inspired by Donna Haraway’s book Staying with the Trouble (2016). It offers a speculative world set somewhere 200 years in the future, after a human-caused climate disaster has changed the Earth beyond recognition. The world’s population consists of so-called ‘children of compost’ or ‘symbionts.’ The installation allows six participants to simultaneously embody one of six symbiotic life forms. Each experience comes with a uniquely designed soft robotic wearable enabling participants not only to see, hear, and feel but also to smell and taste their symbiotic experiences. In this way, Symbiosis becomes a passionate imagining of how to make kin in the Chthulucene.
No Man’s Game: The Infinite Boredom of Procedurally Generated Environments
Authors: Ruffino Paolo
Published: January 2024

This chapter looks at players’ responses to the failures of procedural content generation (PCG) in the first release of No Man’s Sky (Hello Games 2016), a game that was received as inhumanly boring, generating new anxieties regarding the place of the human in practices of gameplay and game making. At the time, players turned against an all-too-human target, the indie auteur Sean Murray, seen as responsible for the shortcomings of the video game. The procedurally generated environments of No Man’s Sky, inhumanly vast and uneventful, raise questions regarding the material conditions of video game production, and shed light on a new aesthetic that decenters human agents from the products of the culture industries.
Trans Ecologies in Digital Games and Contemporary Art
Authors: cardenas micha
Published: January 2024

Using Tiffany Lethabo King’s concept of the shoal as a space between Blackness and Indigeneity, this chapter singles out the figure of an ecotone—a space between two kinds of environment—to imagine trans ecologies. I think through this transitional space between environments and bodies in the following examples: my multidisciplinary artwork Sin Sol (2018), Ursula Biemann’s video installation Acoustic Ocean (2018), Porpentine Charity Heartscape’s Twine game With Those We Love Alive (2017), and Danielle Brathwaite-Shirley’s game I CANT REMEMBER A TIME I DIDNT NEED YOU (2021). In these examples, one sees trans, Indigenous, and Black bodies and identities extended beyond the bounds of the skin, by way of augmented reality, hormones, ontologies, and ethical systems of multispecies interdependence.
Imagining the Future: Game Hacking and Youth Climate Action
Authors: Germaine Chloe , Wake Paul
Published: January 2024

This chapter explains the methodology and research design of a participatory project that investigates how board games can support young people’s understanding of, and action on, the climate crisis. The project contends that the climate crisis is both a social problem and an imaginative challenge, especially for young people whose futures are most affected by it. This project moves beyond the consideration of board games as a tool for climate education and investigates them as a means for young people (aged 16–19) to explore and communicate their ideas about climate change through processes of playing, hacking, breaking, and remaking games.
Reframing the Backlog: Radical Slowness and Patient Gaming
Authors: Scully-Blaker Rainforest
Published: January 2024

This chapter presents the findings of an investigation into /r/patientgamers, a forum for those who play video games well after their initial release. In theory, the community’s protracted approach to media consumption seems to resist the neoliberal, late capitalist instrumentalization of leisure time. However, upon closer inspection, I found that many patientgamers experience stresses caused by a framing of play as transactional. Users’ nostalgia for their childhoods and the exhaustion caused by their gaming backlogs are shown to be emblematic of how play is ensnared by capitalist logics. However, the patientgamer philosophy still suggests that play may radically slow present modes of media consumption with a view to imagining and even enacting more socially and ecologically sustainable futures.
Sustainable Fandom: Responsible Consumption and Play in Game Communities
Authors: Lamerichs Nicolle
Published: January 2024

Sustainability is increasingly discussed in the context of games, fandom, and play. Fans critically question what they consume and create awareness around sustainability in their own practices. In this chapter, I conceptualize these practices and discourses as sustainable fandom. Sustainable fandom involves discourses of responsible consumption as well as the sustainable design of one’s own fan activity. Sustainability in fandom has not been widely studied, but it is increasingly discussed by audiences themselves. I provide several examples of sustainable fan practices and interactions, such as ecomodding, ‘ecocosplay’ (sustainable cosplay) and green board games, which show that players increasingly aim to integrate sustainability as one of the core values informing their own ‘green’ production of fan works.
A Field Guide to Monsters: Practices of Wildlife Watching in Video Games
Authors: Bianchi Melissa
Published: January 2024

Studies in ecocriticism demonstrate the potential of mainstream video games to offer diverse and rigorous considerations for the nonhuman. Continuing conversations about how these artifacts present the nonhuman, this chapter examines games such as New Pokemon Snap and Monster Hunter Rise, which emphasize observing and photographing nonhuman creatures. Specifically, the chapter asks, How do these games characterize practices of observing and documenting wildlife? What do they teach players about producing and circulating wildlife images? To offer answers, the chapter connects video game analyses to beliefs and practices about visually reproducing actual animals. Ultimately, these games demonstrate how video game play might reify troubling aspects of the human–animal divide while also supporting critical perspectives about players’ ecological agency towards the nonhuman.
Flowers and Gift Culture at the Elizabethan Court
Authors: Cogan Susan M.
Published: January 2024

Flowers were a constant presence at court. Over the forty-four years of Elizabeth I’s reign, the records of the New Years’ Gift Exchanges reveal that courtiers increasingly gave her floral-themed gifts. Early in the reign, most were foods such as oranges, ginger, and whole nutmeg. As the years passed, orange blossoms and assorted fruits became regular gifts. As courtiers competed for the queen’s favour, increasingly expensive and elaborate gifts with floral embellishments entered the exchange. This chapter traces the role of flowers in the gift exchanges at the Elizabethan court, focusing particularly on the New Year’s exchange, as it seeks to explain the role of flowers at court throughout Elizabeth’s reign, as signifiers of loyalty and political power.
English Knots and French Parterres: English Floriculture in Continental Context
Authors: Hyde Elizabeth
Published: January 2024

The rise of floriculture in the seventeenth century occurred in context of emerging transnational study of botany, international rise of the formal garden, colonial conquest, and global trade, through which flowers emerged as potent demonstrations of power and taste across Europe. And yet, the cultural and political uses of flowers were simultaneously national in nature. This essay examines Tudor and Stuart floriculture in context of continental cultural exchange, transnational networks of knowledge, and national posturing. Through the analysis of seventeenth-century gardening manuals, the deployment of flowers in identity making, and the gendering of flowers, it illuminates the realisation of distinctly English flower culture and plumbs the national translation of the cosmopolitan in a more nuanced understanding of English floriculture.
The Orange and the Rose: Horticultural and Decorative Flowers at the English and Dutch Courts of William III and Mary II
Authors: Lim Amy , Ek Renske
Published: January 2024

William III and Mary II shared a keen interest in gardening, botany, and interiors, and real and decorative flowers played an important part in display at their Dutch and English palaces. At Paleis Het Loo and Hampton Court Palace, they cultivated flowers and fruit sourced through national and international networks of collectors. Flowers grown in the gardens were displayed in the palace interiors, often in specially commissioned Delftware vases, or represented in paintings and textiles, blurring the boundaries between different media, and between real and fictive flowers. This interdisciplinary chapter brings together Dutch and English scholarship, exploring the importance of flowers to William and Mary, as a leisure pursuit, and as a demonstration of economic and political power.
Scorched Head: Daoist Exorcists and Their Divine Generals in Jiangnan ore
Authors: GOOSSAERT1 高萬桑 Vincent
Published: January 2024

Daoist hagiography has a very long and distinguished history, closely linked to the development of the cult of immortals and deceased priests. This essay deals with one specific type of stories: the lives of fashi 法師 priests, that is, ritualists specialized in exorcistic traditions generically called daofa 道法. The analysis focuses on a corpus of late imperial stories that relate how the encounter between the fashi priest and his martial god turned brutal and marked the former in his flesh. Read together, these stories are less biographical accounts than mythology that hides core tenets. In this essay, I first translate examples, then present a larger corpus of stories, before attempting to analyze their various meanings in their socio-religious context.
Assimilation by Names: A Mechanism of Pantheon Development in Local Religion1
Authors: Yao 王堯 WANG , Chao Shin-yi , Ho Eunice
Published: January 2024

In Hongdong, Shanxi Province, there is a group of deities who share the same ending in their titles, Erlang 二郎 (“second youngster/bro”). Within this group, an individual deity could be referred to by different titles and a title could be applied to different individual members (with distinct hagiographies and iconographies). This relatively confusing title-and-identity association did not derive from misidentifications but resulted from a complicated local mechanism of naming deities. This mechanism, developed in oral tradition, allows the locals to manipulate their gods’ identities and status. Supplementing ethnology with epigraphy, the changing name-designatum association of several Erlang deities across Hongdong County can be traced over centuries. Through fusion, lengthening, abridging, or adopting gods’ appellations, villagers have been assimilating and promoting deities as well as apotheosizing new ones. Consequently, the local pantheon is in constant revision.
Our Lady on the Mountain: The Cult of a Daoist Immortal in Village China
Authors: CHAO 趙昕毅 Shin-yi
Published: January 2024

Wei Huacun 魏華存 (ca. 252–334) is known as a revered Daoist immortal in early Daoism. What is less known is that she has been worshipped as a tutelary saint in north China. Temple inscriptions at her main temple on Mt. Yangluo (Yangluoshan 陽洛山), Qinyang, Henan Province, testify to the gratitude of local magistrates and villagers for her miraculous reversal of dry spells. Temples in her honor were erected in villages across the county. Villagers collectively made pilgrimages to her main temple on Mt. Yangluo though the early twentieth century. Deploying temple inscriptions and village guidelines for collective pilgrimage, this essay explores the development of Lady Wei in local religion. It demonstrates that texts in popular religion, such as temple inscriptions and ritual guidelines mediated the traditionalization of vernacular beliefs and practices.
Consistency, Explosion, and the Writing of Film History
Authors: Pitassio Francesco
Published: January 2024

The chapter deals with four Italian books, early attempts at f ilm historiography which were published between 1935 and 1953. These film historical volumes illustrate the role continuity and discontinuity play in historical narratives. These notions are related to cultural frameworks, as the volume published for the Fascist exhibition for cinema’s fortieth anniversary, which offers a narration based on a discontinuous, revolutionary time. Moreover, continuity and discontinuity are also the outcome of attempts of legitimizing cinema, as in Francesco Pasinetti’s works. Finally, history writing is also the result of agencies such as film archives and film clubs, as in the case of Carlo Lizzani’s history of the Italian cinema. Cultural frameworks, contingent tactics, and institutions therefore shape film historiography and the consistency of film history.