bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análises físico-químicas de cerveja tipo IPA da região sul fluminense
Authors: POLICARPO DE ASSIS GABRIELLE , MARIA BAFFA LIMA BEATRIZ , MARCONDES RODRIGUES DOS SANTOS LIGIA
Published: February 2021

O Brasil é um dos países de maior consumo de cerveja no mundo, entre elas a cerveja artesanal vem se destacando no aumento de produção e consumo, que devido suas iguarias e diferentes processos de fabricação tem se destacado. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a analise físico-quimica de três amostras de cerveja do tipo IPA da região sul fluminense, onde foram analisadas extrato primitivo, extrato aparente, álcool, cor, espuma, amargor, turbidez, célula de suspensão e pH, tendo como parâmetros de padrão do MAPA e BJCP. Os resultados apresentados foram satisfatórios, porém analises como amargor e teor alcoólico tiveram resultados diferentes dos padrões e das informações apresentadas em seus rótulos.
Dynamics of Toll-like Receptors Signaling in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
Authors: Yadav Aarti , Dahuja Anil , Dabur Rajesh
Published: February 2021

Skeletal muscle atrophy has been characterized as a state of uncontrolled inflammation
and oxidative stress that escalates protein catabolism. Recent advancement supports
impinging signaling molecules in the muscle fibers controlled through toll-like receptors
(TLR). Activated TLR signaling pathways have been identified as inhibitors of muscle mass
and provoke the settings for muscle atrophy. Among them, mainly TLR2 and TLR4 manifest
their presence to exacerbate the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine to deform the synchronized
muscle programming. The present review enlightens the TLR signaling mediated
muscle loss and the interplay between inflammation and skeletal muscle growth.
Synthesis and Biological Properties of Coumarin Analogue: A Brief
Review
Authors: Chaudhary Diksha , Bedi Pooja , Santra Soumava , Pramanik Tanay
Published: February 2021

:

One of the most prominent aromatic organic chemical compound is Coumarin having formula C9H6O2 which
is widely known for its benefits in drug industry. Colourless crystalline solid having sweet scent is coumarin’s physical
identity. It serves various purposes such as in synthesis of medicines, laser dyes, perfumes and many more. Having enormous
usages it becomes important to synthesize such compound so various reactions were performed in order to obtain coumarins.
This review explicates the preparation of coumarin by Pechmann Condensation and its biological characteristics.
Adverse Effects and Safety of Etirinotecan Pegol, a Novel Topoisomerase Inhibitor, in Cancer Treatment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Samare-Najaf Mohammad , Samareh Ali , Jamali Navid , Abbasi Ali , Clark Cain C.T. , Khorchani Majid J. , Zal Fatemeh
Published: February 2021

Background:

Due to the increasing prevalence of cancer and the inadequacy of current
therapies, the development of novel antitumor pharmaceutics with higher efficacies and lower adverse
effects is considered a fundamental tenet of contemporary cancer management.
Poly-Ethylene-Glycol (PEG) attachment is a novel pharmaceutical technology to improve the efficacy
and safety of chemotherapies. Etirinotecan Pegol (EP), also known as NKTR-102, is the PEGylated
form of Irinotecan (CPT-11), which causes cancer cell apoptosis by inhibiting the
topoisomerase I enzyme.

Objectives:

The present study reviews and evaluates various reports of the EP’s anti-tumor activity
in various cancers.

Data Sources:

Studies were identified using the Scopus database, with no exclusions. The search
terms included Etirinotecan Pegol and NKTR-102, which yielded 125 articles (66 and 59 articles,
respectively). In addition, the clinicaltrials.gov website was used to find ongoing studies, which resulted
in the addition of two studies.

Study Eligibility Criteria:

Subsequently, we excluded studies that were published in languages
other than English, duplicate articles, and studies with no data.

Results:

This systematic review clarifies that EP possesses numerous advantages over many other
medications, such as safety, efficacy, increased half-life, increased health-related quality of life, increased
overall survival, increased progression-free survival, and decreasing the adverse events in
the treatment of various cancers.

Conclusion:

Therefore, Etirinotecan Pegol may represent a major contribution to the treatment of
various cancers in the future.
Синергический эффект гибридного наполнителя на основе графеновых нанопластин и многостенных нанотрубок для повышения теплопроводности эпоксидного композита
Authors: Шалыгина Т.А. , Мележик А.В. , Ткачев А.Г. , Воронина С.Ю. , Ворончихин В.Д. , Власов А.Ю.
Published: February 2021

A hybrid heat-conducting filler based on graphene nanoplates and multi-walled nanotubes was obtained to increase the thermal conductivity of an epoxy binder, exhibiting a synergistic effect. This effect is achieved due to the embedding of multi-walled nanotubes between graphene nanoplates and the formation of effective percolation networks in the composite. The dependence of an increase in the thermal conductivity of an epoxy composite on the mass ratio of graphene nanoplates and multi-walled nanotubes in a mixture of a hybrid filler has been established. The effect of the hybrid filler concentration in the epoxy matrix and the mixing method of graphene nanoplates and multi-walled nanotubes on the thermal conductivity of the composite was found. A synergistic effect between graphene nanoplates and multi-walled nanotubes has been demonstrated, leading to a sixfold increase in the thermal conductivity of epoxy composites at a filler concentration of 5 wt%.
Establishing Classifiers With Clinical Laboratory Indicators to Distinguish COVID-19 From Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Dai Wanfa , Ke Pei-Feng , Li Zhen-Zhen , Zhuang Qi-Zhen , Huang Wei , Wang Yi , Xiong Yujuan , Huang Xian-Zhang
Published: February 2021

Background

The initial symptoms of patients with COVID-19 are very much like those of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP); it is difficult to distinguish COVID-19 from CAP with clinical symptoms and imaging examination.

Objective

The objective of our study was to construct an effective model for the early identification of COVID-19 that would also distinguish it from CAP.

Methods

The clinical laboratory indicators (CLIs) of 61 COVID-19 patients and 60 CAP patients were analyzed retrospectively. Random combinations of various CLIs (ie, CLI combinations) were utilized to establish COVID-19 versus CAP classifiers with machine learning algorithms, including random forest classifier (RFC), logistic regression classifier, and gradient boosting classifier (GBC). The performance of the classifiers was assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and recall rate in COVID-19 prediction using the test data set.

Results

The classifiers that were constructed with three algorithms from 43 CLI combinations showed high performance (recall rate >0.9 and AUROC >0.85) in COVID-19 prediction for the test data set. Among the high-performance classifiers, several CLIs showed a high usage rate; these included procalcitonin (PCT), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), uric acid, albumin, albumin to globulin ratio (AGR), neutrophil count, red blood cell (RBC) count, monocyte count, basophil count, and white blood cell (WBC) count. They also had high feature importance except for basophil count. The feature combination (FC) of PCT, AGR, uric acid, WBC count, neutrophil count, basophil count, RBC count, and MCHC was the representative one among the nine FCs used to construct the classifiers with an AUROC equal to 1.0 when using the RFC or GBC algorithms. Replacing any CLI in these FCs would lead to a significant reduction in the performance of the classifiers that were built with them.

Conclusions

The classifiers constructed with only a few specific CLIs could efficiently distinguish COVID-19 from CAP, which could help clinicians perform early isolation and centralized management of COVID-19 patients.
The Impact of a Web-Based Mindfulness, Nutrition, and Physical Activity Platform on the Health Status of First-Year University Students: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Trottier Claire F , Lieffers Jessica R L , Johnson Steven T , Mota João F , Gill Roshni K , Prado Carla M
Published: February 2021

Background

First-year university students are at an increased risk for developing mental health issues and a poor nutritional status. Self-care plays an essential role in optimizing mental health and can prevent or manage stress, anxiety, and depression. Web-based self-monitoring of diet and physical activity can lead to similar or improved health outcomes compared with conventional methods. Such tools are also popular among university students.

Objective

The primary aim of this 12-week randomized controlled trial is to assess the impact of a web-based wellness platform on perceived stress among first-year university students. The secondary aim is to assess the effects of the platform on diet quality. The exploratory objectives are to explore the effects of the platform on body composition, health-related quality of life, mindfulness, mental well-being, and physical activity.

Methods

A total of 97 first-year undergraduate students were randomized to either the intervention (n=48) or control (n=49) group. The intervention consisted of access to a web-based platform called My Viva Plan (MVP), which aims to support healthy living by focusing on the topics of mindfulness, nutrition, and physical activity. The platform is fully automated and guided by the principles of cognitive behavioral theory. Participants in the intervention group were instructed to use the MVP as frequently as possible over 12 weeks. The control group did not receive access to MVP. Perceived stress was assessed using the Stress Indicators Questionnaire at baseline, week 6, and week 12. Three-day food records were used to analyze the dietary intake at baseline and week 12. Health-related quality of life, mindfulness, mental well-being, and physical activity questionnaires were completed at baseline, week 6, and week 12. Body composition was assessed at baseline and week 12. Study assessments were completed in person at baseline and week 12 and electronically at week 6.

Results

Study recruitment started in August 2018, with batch enrollment for students registered in the fall (September 2018 to December 2018) and winter (January 2019 to April 2019) academic terms at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta.

Conclusions

This study is the first to explore the impact of a web-based platform designed to promote health and wellness on perceived stress and diet quality among first-year university students.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03579264; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03579264.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/24534
Digital Medicine Community Perspectives and Challenges: Survey Study
Authors: Bent Brinnae , Sim Ida , Dunn Jessilyn P
Published: February 2021

Background

The field of digital medicine has seen rapid growth over the past decade. With this unfettered growth, challenges surrounding interoperability have emerged as a critical barrier to translating digital medicine into practice. In order to understand how to mitigate challenges in digital medicine research and practice, this community must understand the landscape of digital medicine professionals, which digital medicine tools are being used and how, and user perspectives on current challenges in the field of digital medicine.

Objective

The primary objective of this study is to provide information to the digital medicine community that is working to establish frameworks and best practices for interoperability in digital medicine. We sought to learn about the background of digital medicine professionals and determine which sensors and file types are being used most commonly in digital medicine research. We also sought to understand perspectives on digital medicine interoperability.

Methods

We used a web-based survey to query a total of 56 digital medicine professionals from May 1, 2020, to July 10, 2020, on their educational and work experience, the sensors, file types, and toolkits they use professionally, and their perspectives on interoperability in digital medicine.

Results

We determined that the digital medicine community comes from diverse educational backgrounds and uses a variety of sensors and file types. Sensors measuring physical activity and the cardiovascular system are the most frequently used, and smartphones continue to be the dominant source of digital health information collection in the digital medicine community. We show that there is not a general consensus on file types in digital medicine, and data are currently handled in multiple ways. There is consensus that interoperability is a critical impediment in digital medicine, with 93% (52) of survey respondents in agreement. However, only 36% (20) of respondents currently use tools for interoperability in digital medicine. We identified three key interoperability needs to be met: integration with electronic health records, implementation of standard data schemas, and standard and verifiable methods for digital medicine research. We show that digital medicine professionals are eager to adopt new tools to solve interoperability problems, and we suggest tools to support digital medicine interoperability.

Conclusions

Understanding the digital medicine community, the sensors and file types they use, and their perspectives on interoperability will enable the development and implementation of solutions that fill critical interoperability gaps in digital medicine. The challenges to interoperability outlined by this study will drive the next steps in creating an interoperable digital medicine community. Establishing best practices to address these challenges and employing platforms for digital medicine interoperability will be essential to furthering the field of digital medicine.
Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Approach for Automated Severity Assessment of COVID-19 Based on Clinical and Imaging Data: Retrospective Study
Authors: Quiroz Juan Carlos , Feng You-Zhen , Cheng Zhong-Yuan , Rezazadegan Dana , Chen Ping-Kang , Lin Qi-Ting , Qian Long , Liu Xiao-Fang , Berkovsky Shlomo , Coiera Enrico , Song Lei , Qiu Xiaoming , Liu Sidong , Cai Xiang-Ran
Published: February 2021

Background

COVID-19 has overwhelmed health systems worldwide. It is important to identify severe cases as early as possible, such that resources can be mobilized and treatment can be escalated.

Objective

This study aims to develop a machine learning approach for automated severity assessment of COVID-19 based on clinical and imaging data.

Methods

Clinical data—including demographics, signs, symptoms, comorbidities, and blood test results—and chest computed tomography scans of 346 patients from 2 hospitals in the Hubei Province, China, were used to develop machine learning models for automated severity assessment in diagnosed COVID-19 cases. We compared the predictive power of the clinical and imaging data from multiple machine learning models and further explored the use of four oversampling methods to address the imbalanced classification issue. Features with the highest predictive power were identified using the Shapley Additive Explanations framework.

Results

Imaging features had the strongest impact on the model output, while a combination of clinical and imaging features yielded the best performance overall. The identified predictive features were consistent with those reported previously. Although oversampling yielded mixed results, it achieved the best model performance in our study. Logistic regression models differentiating between mild and severe cases achieved the best performance for clinical features (area under the curve [AUC] 0.848; sensitivity 0.455; specificity 0.906), imaging features (AUC 0.926; sensitivity 0.818; specificity 0.901), and a combination of clinical and imaging features (AUC 0.950; sensitivity 0.764; specificity 0.919). The synthetic minority oversampling method further improved the performance of the model using combined features (AUC 0.960; sensitivity 0.845; specificity 0.929).

Conclusions

Clinical and imaging features can be used for automated severity assessment of COVID-19 and can potentially help triage patients with COVID-19 and prioritize care delivery to those at a higher risk of severe disease.
Examining an Integrative Cognitive Model of Predicting Health App Use: Longitudinal Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Kwanho , Lee Chul-Joo
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Specifying the determinants of using health apps has been an important research topic for health scholars as health apps have proliferated during the past decade. Socioeconomic status (SES) has been revealed as a significant determinant of using health apps, but the cognitive mechanisms underlying the relationship between SES and health app use are unknown.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the cognitive mechanisms underlying the relationships between SES and use of health apps, applying the integrative model of behavioral prediction (IM). The model hypothesizes the indirect influences of SES on intentions to use health apps, which in turn predict actual use of health apps. The relationships between SES and intentions to use health apps were assumed to be mediated by proximal variables (attitudes, perceived behavioral control [PBC], injunctive norms, and descriptive norms).

METHODS

We conducted path analyses using data from a two-wave opt-in panel survey of Korean adults who knew about health apps. The number of respondents was 605 at baseline and 440 at follow-up. We compared our model with two alternative theoretical models based on modified IM to further clarify the roles of determinants of health app use.

RESULTS

Attitudes (β=.220, P<.001), PBC (β=.461, P<.001), and injunctive norms (β=.186, P<.001) were positively associated with intentions to use health apps, which, in turn, were positively related to actual use of health apps (β=.106, P=.03). Income was positively associated with intentions to use health apps, and this relationship was mediated by attitudes (B=0.012, 95% CI 0.001-0.023) and PBC (B=0.026, 95% CI 0.004-0.048). Education was positively associated with descriptive norms (β=.078, P=.03), but descriptive norms were not significantly related to intentions to use health apps. We also found that PBC interacted with attitudes (B=0.043, SE 0.022, P=.046) and jointly influenced intentions to use health apps, whereas the results did not support direct influences of education, income, and PBC on health app use.

CONCLUSIONS

We found that PBC over using health apps may be the most important factor in predicting health app use. This suggests the necessity of designing and promoting health apps in a user-friendly way. Our findings also imply that socioeconomic inequalities in using health apps may be reduced by increasing positive attitudes toward, and boosting PBC over, health app use among individuals with low income.
PENINGKATAN AKSES AIR BERSIH MELALUI SOSIALISASI DAN PENYARINGAN AIR SEDERHANA DESA HAURPUGUR
Authors: Kurniawati Ratna Dian , Kraar Mariana Hanny , Amalia Vivit Nurul , Kusaeri M. Try
Published: February 2021

Abstract Air merupakan kebutuhan vital dalam kehidupan manusia. Penggunaan air bersih merupakan salah satu taget Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) Rumah Tangga. Data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) menyebutkan capaian akses air bersih yang layak di Indonesia baru mencapai 72,55%, di bawah target Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) yakni sebesar 100%. Air untuk Keperluan Higiene Sanitasi adalah air dengan kualitas tertentu yang digunakan untuk keperluan sehari-hari yang kualitasnya berbeda dengan kualitas air minum. Masyarakat desa Haurpugur memanfaatkan air yang tidak memenuhi syarat kesehatan. Air di desa Haurpugur cenderung mengandung besi. Sebagian sumber air adalah sumur gali. Dimana sumur gali dengan rata-rata kedalaman sumur berkisar 10 - 15 meter. Pada kedalaman tersebut kandungan Fe dan Mn banyak mengendap di dasar sumur. Sebagian besar (55,8%) warga mengetahui dengan baik tentang penggunaan air bersih. Namum karena keterbatasan ekonomi maka pemenuhan akan kebutuhan air bersih diabaikan. Dalam upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan warga dan sekaligus meningkatkan cakupan air bersih maka perlu melaksanakan pengabdian masayrakat melalui sosialisasi tentang air bersih dan pembuatan saringan sederhana air bersih. Ketercapaian pemenuhan air bersih menjadi batas pencegahan penyakit yang bersumber pada tidak terpenuhinya sanitasi dasar seperti diare. Air bersih penting dalam meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat. Keywords—Air bersih, sosialisasi, saringan sederhana
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH SISWA SMP DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODUL GEOMETRI RUANG BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
Authors: Febriana Rina , Delyana Hafizah , Yusri Radhya
Published: February 2021

The teaching materials used are also still text books provided by schools. Students are not familiar with contextual questions. To create such a learning process and be able to develop the potential that exists in students, the teaching material developed is a module based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) on Geometry learning Space. The use of appropriate learning media can help students learn and understand the material, so that teachers are expected to know the meaning and function of a media, get to know as much as possible the media that can be used, choose media that is suitable for the subject matter, can or can use, store and maintain even no less important is the ability of teachers to plan and create their own learning media that can help students understand abstract concepts. To help teachers develop and create mathematics learning media that can improve students' understanding of concepts, learning media are needed that can be used to help students explore material. By Karen, it is necessary to carry out community service activities in the form of Socialization of the Use of Problem Based Learning Geometry Modules in Class IX Students of Adabiah Padang. Keywords— Using, Space Geometry Module, Problem Based Learning Abstrak            Bahan ajar yang digunakan juga masih buku teks yang disediakan sekolah. Siswa belum terbiasa dengan soal-soal kontekstual. Untuk menciptakan proses pembelajaran yang demikian serta mampu mengembangkan potensi yang ada pada siswa, bahan ajar yang dikembangkan adalah modul berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada pembelajaran Geometri Ruang. Penggunaan media pembelajaran yang sesuai dapat membantu siswa dalam mempelajari dan memahami materi, sehingga diharapkan guru dapat mengetahui arti dan fungsi suatu media, mengenal sebanyak mungkin media yang dapat digunakan, memilih media yang cocok untuk materi pelajaran, dapat atau mampu menggunakan, menyimpan dan memelihara bahkan yang tidak kalah pentingnya kemampuan guru dalam merencanakan dan membuat media pembelajaran sendiri yang bisamembantu siswa dalam memahami konsep yang abstrak. Untuk membantu guru dalam mengembangkan dan menciptakan media pembelajaran matematika yang dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa, maka diperlukan media pembelajaran yang bisa digunakan untuk membantu siswa dalam mendalami materi. Oleh Karen itu perlu dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian yaitu berupa Sosialisasi Penggunaan Modul Geometri Ruang Berbasis Problem Based Learning Pada Siswa Kelas IX SMP Adabiah Padang.
PELATIHAN GURU MATEMATIKA DALAM PENGGUNAAN SOFTWARE GEOGEBRA
Authors: Yunita Alfi , Jufri Lucky Heriyanti
Published: February 2021

AbstractCommunity service aims to train teachers to make learning media using Geogebra. The background of doing this training is the teacher has difficulty to make a representative learning media, so the students have difficulty to understand  the subject matter and require a long time to explain the lesson. The method in this community service activity is to provide geogebra training for teachers by demonstration.Then the teachers are given the task to create a media for learning mathematics in polyhedra subject. The results from this activity are the teachers can create interactive and representative mathematics learning media. Keywords: Geogebra, Polyhedra, Mathematics teacher                        `           AbstrakPengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk melatih guru dalam pembuatan media pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Software Geogebra. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan ditemukannya permasalahan mitra yaitu guru-guru matematika menghadapi kesulitan terkait dengan pembuatan media pembelajaran matematika, gambar-gambar yang sederhana terkesan kurang menarik bagi siswa, gambar yang dibuat dipapan tulis memakan waktu sehingga mengakibatkan pembelajaran kurang efisien. Dalam kegiatan ini diharapkan pemahaman dan pengetahuan guru dalam memanfaatkan Software Geogebra dalam pembelajaran matematika lebih meningkat. Metode pengabdian ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk pelatihan penggunaan software Geogebra khususnya pada materi bangun ruang, pemaparan materi, kemudian didemonstrasikan, dan diminta guru untuk mencobakannya. Berdasarkan latihan yang dikerjakan guru terlihat bahwa guru sudah bisa menggunakan Software Geogebra dalam pembuatan media pembelajaran. Kata kunci: Software Geogebra, Geometri Ruang, guru-guru matematika
The influence of internal communication satisfaction on employees’ organisational identification: Effect of perceived organisational support
Authors:   Department of Management, Krywalski Santiago Joanna ,   ISEG – Lisbon School of Economics and Management,   Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
Published: February 2021

Aim/purpose – This paper bases on the social exchange and social identification theo-ries with the purpose of understanding if the internal communication helps to improve organisational identification, supplemented by the effect of perceived organisational support. The exact aim of this research is to gain a better understanding of the internal communication process from the employees’ perspective, and to explore how the satis-faction with internal communication influences employees’ attitudinal and behavioural responses. Specifically, this study tends to examine the effect of the satisfaction with internal communication on organisational identification. Subsequently, it also aims to investigate the mediating role of perceived organisational support.Design/methodology/approach – This study is operationalised through quantitative approach. The hypotheses were tested in a cross-sectional survey which was completed by 132 employees working in a variety of jobs and organisations in Portugal, mostly in the sector of transportations and storage. The research focused on employee satisfaction with the internal communication of the organisation for which they are working, meas-ured with the Internal Communication Satisfaction Questionnaire. The research model was analysed using SmartPLS, a structural equation modelling tool. Findings – The results suggest that the importance of how an organisation communi-cates internally is important to encourage the employees’ organisational identification. The results indicate also that there is a significant relationship between satisfaction with internal communication and perceived organisational support which mediates the rela-tionship of internal communication and organisational identification. Research implications/limitations – This research is cross-sectional, which limits the causality of its findings. Additionally, the use of filter-question caused a significant reduction in the reached sample size. Originality/value/contribution – This paper addresses the internal communication to investigate the employee-based perceptions. It proposes a conceptual model and supports it with empirical findings. As a result, this study addresses concerns that are the current management fads and addresses the research gap, as only a few empirical studies have previously examined the internal communication as an antecedent of organisational identification.
ENGAGING TO NURTURING: ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING STRATEGIES AND CONSTRAINTS FOR VERY YOUNG MUSLIM LEARNERS AT KINDERGARTEN IN ACEH
Authors: Akmal Saiful , Masna Yuliar , Nasution Lianita Ali
Published: February 2021

The use of English language for very young learners in kindergarten has become fundamental in recent global teaching development, including in Aceh, Indonesia. Therefore, this qualitative research is aimed to discover the English language teaching strategies applied for very young Muslim learners’ at Kiddos English School (KES) Kindergarten, Banda Aceh. The research participants were selected by using non-probability sampling method. Furthermore, semi-structured interview towards four English teachers and participant observation was conducted in two classes of KES. The result of this study showed that KES teachers implemented at least seven strategies to teach English for their students from engaging learners in daily oral language activity, to establishing a nurturing environment, playing games, storytelling, audio-visual, singing, and teaching face to face. Furthermore, the teachers faced four constraints in applying those strategies, which are: students’ misbehavior, inconsistency of students’ attendance, lack of parental involvement, and insufficient number of teacher.
ISLAM OF THE ARCHIPELAGO: COSMOPOLITANISM OF ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Thahir Lukman S.
Published: February 2021

This paper elucidates and analyses one of the Muslim intellectual heritage in Indonesia which is phenomenal and cosmopolitan, what is called Islam Nusantara (Islam of the Archipelago). When reading the history of the arrival of Islam in Archipelago, most of the scholars studying Archipelago Islam agreed that Islamization of this area was conducted in a peaceful way. They assimilated and complemented each other to become what is called “citizen of the world”. Derridas called this as a model of universal hospitality or guiding principle to protect people from wars. As a religion of peace, Islam is cosmopolitan. This is proved by the fact that Islam is a religion which includes races and nations. This feature is marked by Nine saints (Walisanga) as Javanese unique agents in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, taking interactionist approach between Islam and local culture. This in turn creates Indonesian Islamic civilization which is called today “Islam Nusantara”, Islam without such obstacles as culture, religion, and nation, Islam with a peaceful face that respects humanity and emphasizes tolerance and empathy to human beings.
Tinjauan Literatur: Uji In Vivo pada Antiviral Terpilih COVID-19
Authors: Novita Risqa
Published: February 2021

The novel corona virus, Severe Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused COVID-19 established by World Health Organization as global pandemic because it has spread globally and high mortality as above 8%. It needs an action to reduce the mortality rate and morbidity rate of COVID-19. There was no specific antiviral for COVID-19. We used antiviral based on our last experience against another infectious corona virus, MERS and SARS. Antiviral need safety and efficacy test. Antiviral test is start from in vitro, in vivo and clinical testing. Selecting antiviral for COVID-19 should pass through in vivo testing. The purpose of this review is to study which antiviral has passed the in vivo testing. Methods. A method of writing literature review from Google scholar and PubMed, with using keywords : antiviral, animal model and COVID-19. Results. Based on literature review, specific antiviral for COVID-19 has conducted on in vivo testing based on MERS and SARS experience, not for SARS-CoV-2 yet. The antivirals are Remdesivir, Lopinavir, Favipiravir dan Klorokuin Keywords: antiviral, animal model, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2

Abstrak Virus novel korona yaitu Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Adalah penyebab COVID-19 yang telah ditetapkan oleh WHO sebagai pandemi global karena telah menyebar mendunia dan menyebabkan kematian cukup tinggi di atas 8%. Tindakan pengendalian yang efektif dibutuhkan untuk menekan angka kematian, salah satunya adalah pemberian antiviral. Hingga saat ini belum ada antiviral khusus untuk COVID-19. Antiviral yang digunakan berdasarkan pengalaman terhadap infeksi korona sebelumnya. Pemilihan antiviral yang efektif dan aman sangat diperlukan. Tahapan uji antivial seyogyanya dimulai dari uji in vitro, in vivo dan klinis. Antiviral yang dipilih untuk penderita COVID-19 sebaiknya sudah melalui tahapan in vivo, yaitu di hewan coba. Tulisan penulisan ini untuk mengkaji antiviral untuk COVID-19 yang telah melewati tahapan uji praklinis di hewan coba Metode. Metode tulisan ini berupa kajian dari literatur-literatur yang ada di Google scholar dan Pubmed, dengan pencarian menggunakan kata kunci antiviral, COVID-19 dan hewan model Hasil. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelusuran literatur, didapatkan data bahwa antiviral spesifik yang digunakan untuk penderita COVID-19 yang telah melalui tahapan di hewan model adalah Remdesivir, Lopinavir, Favipiravir dan Klorokuin, namun antiviral tersebut baru diuji terhadap MERS dan SARS, belum terhadap virus SARS-CoV-2. Kata kunci: antiviral, COVID-19, hewan model, SARS-CoV-2
Ragam Tumbuhan Obat untuk Mengatasi Keluhan Gondok dalam Ristoja 2015 dan 2017
Authors: Dewi Tyas Friska
Published: February 2021

Research about Local Knowledge Exploration of Ethnomedicine and Medicinal Plants Based on Community in Indonesia, known as the Ethnopharmacology Research on Medicine Plant and Jamu (RISTOJA) has produced data in the form of medicinal plants information and herbs used by traditional healers in that ethnic group, to treat a complaint. Goiter is included in Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) which is still become a problem in Indonesia. This paper aims to analyze medicinal plants that can be used to treat goiter complaints according to the results of RISTOJA through the citation frequency (FC) and the use value (UV) method. Based on the results of RISTOJA 2015 and 2017, there are 45 traditional healers (hattra) who have herbs containing medicinal plants to deal with goiter’s complaints. There are 80 types of medicinal plant species that formulated herbs which have been identified as being used by informants to overcome goiter’s complaints. FC and UV calculation results show that there are 4 medicinal plants that have FC more than 2.5% and UV more than 0.05. These plants are Curcuma longa L., Allium sativum L., Piper betle L., and Morinda citrifolia. Keywords: goiter, ristoja, medicinal plan

Abstrak Gondok merupakan penyakit yang termasuk ke dalam Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Yodium (GAKY). Gondok masih menjadi masalah di Indonesia. Masyarakat Indonesia telah sejak lama menggunakan berbagai macam tumbuhan untuk pengobatan. Penelitian RISTOJA (Riset Tumbuhan Obat dan Jamu) menghasilkan data berupa informasi tumbuhan obat dan ramuan yang digunakan oleh penyehat tradisional untuk mengobati suatu keluhan, termasuk gondok. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tumbuhan obat yang digunakan untuk mengatasi keluhan gondok sesuai dengan hasil RISTOJA tahun 2015 dan 2017 melalui metode frekuensi sitasi (FC) dan nilai kegunaan (UV). Terdapat 47 penyehat tradisional yang mempunyai ramuan untuk mengatasi keluhan gondok. Sebanyak 80 jenis spesies tumbuhan obat penyusun ramuan telah diidentifikasi. Hasil perhitungan FC dan UV menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tumbuhan obat yang memiliki FC lebih dari 2,5% dan UV lebih dari 0,05. Tumbuhan tersebut adalah Curcuma longa L., Allium sativum L., Piper betle L., dan Morinda citrifolia. Kata kunci: gondok, ristoja, tanaman obat
Continuity of Care in a Student-Run Free Clinic: Impact on Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk
Authors: Roth Cory , Cooper Robert D. , Way David P.
Published: February 2021

Background and Objectives: Medical student-run free clinics (SRFC) provide underserved patients access to health care. Few studies have examined the effects of specific care models implemented by these clinics. We looked at the impact of a continuity of care delivery model on chronic care outcomes at an SRFC sponsored by Ohio State University College of Medicine.
Methods: Using the SRFC electronic medical records, we abstracted health records of patients at risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We formed three study groups matched on age and gender. Group 1 were the patients enrolled in a continuity of care program, Group 2 were patients who visit the SRFC at 3-month intervals, and Group 3 were sporadic visitors. Authors compared groups’ ASCVD risk score change over 12 months using a Group x Time Analysis of Variance.
Results: We identified 81 subjects that met the qualifications for this study and assigned them to one of the three study groups. A Group x Time interaction showed that mean ASCVD risk scores improved significantly for continuity of care patients and regular visitor controls, but not for sporadic controls (F=3.82; df=2/1.72; P=.035; es=1.28).
Conclusions: This SRFCs continuity of care delivery had no appreciable impact on lowering ASCVD Risk scores over and above frequent regular visits to the clinic. This finding suggests that SRFCs should focus on getting their chronic patient population to maintain a schedule of frequent check-ups, without investing in continuity of care. Longer-term studies are needed to detect a continuity of care delivery model effect.
SUPPORTING SOLVING WORD PROBLEMS INVOLVING RATIO THROUGH THE BAR MODEL
Authors: Said Siti Nurain , Tengah Khairul Amilin
Published: February 2021

This study examined the effectiveness of the Bar Model as a problem solving heuristic in improving Year 8 students’ performance in solving word problems involving ratio. A total of thirty-three Year 8 students from a secondary school in Brunei Darussalam were involved in the study. Data were collected through pre-test and post-test. Paired sample t-test on the mean score of pre-test and post-test showed a significant improvement in the students’ mean marks (t = - 8.079).  The results also revealed that the Bar Model is capable of helping students of all abilities particularly the weaker students. Hence for this study, the Bar Model successfully enhanced the lower secondary students’ performance in solving word problems involving ratio.
Estrategias para el mejoramiento de la calidad ambiental en la comuna tres, San Juan de Pasto
Authors: Calvache David Andres , Pejendino S. Juan Camilo , Ceballos F. Álvaro Javier
Published: February 2021

Contextualización: la ciudad de San Juan de Pasto, en especial su área céntrica y suroriental, presenta una presión significativa en los recursos ambientales a causa de una mayor densidad poblacional, lo que genera diversos problemas ambientales a razón del proceso de urbanización.

Vacío de investigación: es necesario formular estrategias que contribuyan al mejoramiento de la calidad ambiental urbana en la comuna tres, por medio de la evaluación de indicadores de calidad ambiental urbana, la estimación de la calidad ambiental en la zona de estudio y la formulación de alternativas que aumenten dicho componente mitigando impactos ambientales.

Propósito del estudio: los objetivos específicos del estudio fueron: identificar indicadores de calidad ambiental, estimar el índice de calidad ambiental urbana y proponer alternativas para mejorar la calidad ambiental urbana en la comuna tres, San Juan de Pasto.

Metodología: se aplicó el índice de calidad ambiental urbana, metodología diseñada por el Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible, como un instrumento para evaluar la sostenibilidad ambiental en las urbes. Se realizó la priorización de alternativas a través del método matriz de priorización multicriterio.

Resultados y conclusiones: el valor del índice de calidad ambiental urbana para la comuna tres obtuvo un valor de 50,5, lo cual advierte de una calidad ambiental urbana media. Los indicadores más representativos son: calidad del aire y porcentaje de población urbana localizada en zonas de amenaza alta, obteniendo una calificación de muy alto y muy bajo, respectivamente. La priorización de alternativas dio lugar al estudio de dos estrategias, un sistema de terrazas verdes modulares y una estrategia de movilidad sostenible - Sistema público de bicicletas, que mejorarían la calidad ambiental del área de estudio. Este proceso concluyó que la aplicación del índice de calidad ambiental urbana tiene una viabilidad moderada en la aplicación al nivel estratégico de comuna.
Efecto del ácido salicílico en el control de la septoriosis y su efecto de rendimiento en dos cultivares de trigo
Authors: Ramos Cabrera Efren Venancio , Delgado Espinosa Zuly Yuliana , Jimenez Oscar Daniel
Published: February 2021

Contextualización: el incremento de la producción de trigo ha provocado que las enfermedades patogénicas aparezcan con más frecuencia por la implementación del monocultivo y malas prácticas agronómicas. La Septoriosis o Mancha de la hoja del trigo ocasionada por Zymoseptoria tritici provoca una disminución en el área fotosintética ocasionando pérdidas del rendimiento del grano que oscilan entre 17 y 50%, dependiendo del estado fenológico en el que ocurre la infección.

 

Vacío de conocimiento: el método más frecuentemente para el control de la enfermedad  realizase realiza mediante dos sistemas: la utilización de variedades resistentes a la enfermedad o la aplicación de productos de síntesis química que pueden ocasionar resistencia en la población del hongo y contaminación en los suelos trigueros. Por esto, se buscan nuevas alternativas de manejo, como la activación de la resistencia sistémica inducida mediante la aplicación de ácido salicílico, que conlleva a cambios físicos, químicos y moleculares como lignificación o inducción de proteínas relacionadas con la patogénesis, que se encargan de limitar o eliminar el ingreso de las hifas de los hongos patogénicos, siendo una alternativa sustentable.

 

Propósito del estudio: el propósito del presente trabajo fue la evaluación del efecto del ácido salicílico sobre el desarrollo de los síntomas de la mancha de hoja del trigo ocasionada por Zymoseptoria tritici, así como establecer los cambios sobre los componentes de rendimiento en los cultivares Biointa 3004 y Buck sy 200.

 

Metodología: el estudio se realizó en la estación experimental de Julio Hirschhorn, de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP). Se utilizaron los cultivares Biointa 3004 y Buck sy 200. El diseño experimental fue bloques completos al azar de tres repeticiones, constituido por los siguientes tratamientos: control, inoculado con Zymoseptoria tritici, tratado con ácido salicílico y tratado con ácido salicílico e inoculado con Zymoseptoria tritici, los ensayos fueron desarrollados en la temporada invierno-primavera del año 2012 y 2013 y se determinó porcentaje de picnidios, porcentaje área necrosada, número de espiguillas vacías, número de granos de la espiga y peso de 1000 granos.

 

Resultados y conclusiones: la cobertura de picnidios disminuyó un 45%; el área necrosada un 40%; además el número de espiguillas vacías disminuyó un 4% e incrementó el número de granos por espiga (5%) y peso de 1000 granos (2%). Se demuestra que el ácido salicílico controla en gran medida los efectos negativos de la enfermedad y estimula los componentes de rendimiento mejorando la productividad de los cultivares evaluados.
EVALUATION OF INDUCED SPUTUM CYTOLOGY IN ASTHMATIC CHILDREN
Authors: Chong-Silva Debora Carla , Nascimento Adriana , Cunha Roberta , Bitencourt Elessandra , Botelho Leticia , Dantas Ana Beatriz , Rosario Cristine , Riedi Carlos , Chong-Neto Herberto , Eli Denise , Filho Nelson Rosario
Published: February 2021

Objective: To evaluate the viability of sputum cytology in asthmatic
children, recognizing inflammatory patterns and correlating them with
clinical, epidemiological and functional variables of the disease.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional and observational study of children
with asthma who underwent sputum induction through increasing
concentrations of nebulized hypertonic saline solution from 3% to 7%.
The samples were processed according to the technique developed by
Pizzichini et al. and the cytological pattern classified as
pauci-granulocytic, neutrophilic, eosinophilic and mixed. Samples with
cell viability> 50% were considered adequate. Asthma
control was assessed using the asthma control test (ACT). Results:
Seventy-nine children performed sputum induction. Thirty-three samples
were excluded because they were not viable for analysis, resulting in 46
samples. The children’s average age was 9.4 (± 3) years. There was a
predominance of eosinophilic (25/46, 54.3%), followed by mixed (13/46,
28.3%), pauci-granulocytic (7/46, 15.2%) and neutrophilic (1/46,
2.2%) pattern. Sixty-three percent of the children had severe asthma
and 84.7% were treated with inhaled corticosteroids. The ACT showed
that 25 (56.8%) patients had the disease under control. Forty-five
children (97.8%) underwent pulmonary function tests (spirometry) and in
13 cases (28.9%) an obstructive ventilatory defect was found.
Conclusions: The eosinophilic profile was predominant in the assessed
asthmatic children. Non-eosinophilic phenotypes were found, but less
frequently. There was no difference between the clinical variables and
the sputum profile in this study group. Sputum induction in children
with asthma is feasible and safe and can contribute to a specific and
personalized approach to the disease.
Upward Shifts in Ageratina adenophora Global Distributions in Response to Future Climate Change Scenarios
Authors: Gu Changjun , Yanli Tu , Liu Linshan , Bo Wei , Zhang Yili , Yu Haibin , Xilong Wang , Zhuoga Yangjin , Zhang Binghua , Bohao Cui
Published: February 2021

Aim: Invasive alien species (IAS) threaten ecosystems and humans
worldwide, and future climate change may accelerate the expansion of
IAS. Predicting the suitable distributions of IAS can prevent their
further expansion. Ageratina adenophora is a invasive weed over 30
countries in tropical and subtropical regions. However, the potential
suitable distribution of A. adenophora remains unclear along with its
response to climate change. This study explored and mapped the current
and future potential distributions of Ageratina adenophora. Location:
Global Taxa: Asteraceae A. adenophora (Spreng.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
Commonly known as Crofton weed. Methods: Based on A. adenophora
occurrence data and climate data, we predicted its potential
distribution of this weed under current and future (four RCPs in 2050
and 2070) by MaxEnt model. We used ArcGIS 10.4 to explore the
distribution characteristics of this weed and the ‘ecospat’ package in R
to analyse its altitudinal distribution changes. Results: The area under
the curve value (>0.9) indicated excelled model
performance. Among environment factors, Mean Temperature of Coldest
Quarter contributed most to the model. Globally, the suitable habitat
for A.adenophora invasion decreased under climate change scenarios,
although regional increase were observed, including in six biodiversity
hotspot regions. The potential suitable habitat of A.adenophora under
climate change moved toward regions with higher elevation. Main
Conclusions: Temperature was the most important variable influencing the
distribution of A. Adenophora. Under the background of warming climate,
the potential distribution range of A.adenophora will shrink globally
but increase regionally. The distribution of A.adenophora will shift
toward higher elevation under climate change. Mountain ecosystems are of
special concern as they are rich in biodiversity and sensitive to
climate change, and increasing human activities provide more
opportunities for IAS invasion.
Open wedge high tibial osteotomy for the treatment of osteoarthritis of both knee and ankle in the same leg: A report of two cases
Authors: Baek Ji-Hoon , Lee Su Chan , Jin Hosun , Ahn Hye Sun , Nam Chang Hyun
Published: February 2021

We report two cases of patients with concurrent osteoarthritis of the
knee and the ipsilateral ankle. Patients were treated with high tibial
osteotomy (HTO). In well-planned and selected cases, HTO may be
effective in treating not only the knee but also the ankle in patients
with ipsilateral double-joint osteoarthritis.