bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ImageBox3: No-Server Tile Serving to Traverse Whole Slide Images on the Web
Authors: Bhawsar Praphulla MS , Bremer Erich , Duggan Máire A , Chanock Stephen , Garcia-Closas Montserrat , Saltz Joel , Almeida Jonas S
Published: May 2023

Background
Whole slide imaging (WSI) has become the primary modality for digital pathology data. However, due to the size and high-resolution nature of these images, they are generally only accessed in smaller sections or “tiles” via specialized platforms, most of which require extensive setup and/or costly infrastructure. These platforms typically also need a copy of the images to be locally available to them, potentially causing issues with data governance and provenance.
Results
To address these concerns, we developed ImageBox3, an in-browser tiling mechanism to enable zero-footprint traversal of remote WSI data. All computation is performed client-side without compromising user governance, operating public and private images alike as long as the storage service supports HTTP range requests (standard in Cloud storage and most web servers).
Conclusion
ImageBox3 thus removes significant hurdles to WSI operation and effective collaboration, allowing for the sort of democratized analytical tools needed to establish participative, FAIR digital pathology data commons.
Availability:
code - https://github.com/episphere/imagebox3 ;
fig1 (live) - https://episphere.github.io/imagebox3/demo/scriptTag ;
fig2 (live) - https://episphere.github.io/imagebox3/demo/serviceWorker ;
fig 3 (live) - https://observablehq.com/@prafulb/imagebox3-in-observable .
Lyso-phosphatidylethanolamine triggers immunity against necrotrophs by promoting JA-signaling and ROS-homeostasis
Authors: Voelz Ronny , Kim Ki-Tae , Alazem Mazen , Harries William , Hwang Sungkee , Lee Yong Hwan
Published: May 2023

Modulation of the plant defense response by bioactive molecules is of increasing interest. However, despite plant cell lipids being one of the major cellular components, their role in plant immunity remains elusive. We found that the exogenous application of the cell-membrane localized phospholipid lyso-phosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) reprograms the plant transcript profile in favor of defense-associated genes thereby priming the plant immune system. Exogenous LPE application at different Arabidopsis accessions increases resistance against the necrotrophic pathogens, Botrytis cinerea and Cochliobolus heterostrophus. We found that the immunity-promoting effect (IPE) of LPE is repealed in the jasmonic acid (JA) receptor mutant coi1, but multiplied in the JA-hypersensitive mutant feronia (fer-4). The JA-signaling repressor JAZ1 is degraded following LPE administration, suggesting that JA-signaling is promoted by LPE. Following LPE-treatment, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation is affected in coi1 and fer-4. The application of ROS-scavengers compromises the LPE-mediated immune response suggesting that ROS are crucial for the LPE-mediated IPE. Moreover, FER signaling inhibitors of the RALF family are strongly expressed after LPE application, and RALF23 is internalized in stress granules, suggesting the LPE-mediated repression of FER-signaling by promoting RALF function. The in-situ increase of LPE-abundance in the LPE-biosynthesis mutant lpeat1 and lpeat2 elevates plant resistance to B. cinerea, in contrast to the endogenous LPE-deficient mutant pla2-alpha. We show that LPE increases plant resistance against necrotrophs by promoting JA-signaling and ROS-homeostasis, thereby paving the way for the LPE-targeted genomic engineering of crops to raise their ability to resist biotic threats.
Moe-Phobia and Conservative Mentality
Authors: Matsui Tetsuya
Published: May 2023

This paper focuses on moe-phobia, sexuality, and psychological resistance toward manga-like virtual agents. Moe-phobia is psychological disgust to sexual manga-like virtual agents. In a prior study, it was reported that the agents’ appearance and context had an interaction effect on moe-phobia in movies. This paper has two aims: to verify whether the interaction between appearance and context shown in previous studies is also observed in an experiment using still pictures, and to investigate the correlation between the degree to which participants exhibit moe-phobia and their political leanings. I conducted an experiment with three factors and two conditions. The factors were the agents’ appearance (swimsuit, white coat), context (pool, science museum), and the participants’ gender. The participants answered questions related to the agents’ sexuality and appropriateness perceived as well as a scale of conservative tendency. As a result, an interaction between appearance and context was observed. Also, the relationship between moe-phobia and conservative tendency was limited. These findings provide new insights into creating sexual advertisements and discussing moe-phobia.
Cortical Vein Involvement and Its Influence in a Cohort of Adolescents With Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
Authors: liu lu , Zhou chenxia , Jiang Huimin , Wei Huimin , Zhou Yifan , Wu Yan , Zhang Kaiyuan , Duan jiangang , Meng Ran , Zhou Chen , Ji Xunming
Published: May 2023

Background and Purpose Cortical vein thrombosis (CVT) is a rare form of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVST) in adolescent patients that has received little attention. We aimed to analyze the clinical and radiological features of adolescents with CVST and investigate the effects of CVT involvement.Methods Patients aged ≥ 10 to ≤ 18 years and diagnosed with CVST were identified at Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University between January 2015 and August 2022 and divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of cortical vein involvement. Clinical features, radiological characteristics, and 12-month follow-up outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results Fifty-three adolescents, including 21 with CVT, were included (mean age: 15.2 ± 1.8 years; females, 54.7%). The CVT group was more likely to experience seizures (P = 0.028) and deterioration (28.6% vs. 6.2%, P = 0.047) during hospitalization than the non-CVT group. Poor short-term outcomes, based on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at discharge, were more common in adolescents with CVT (P = 0.007). The proportions of patients showing edema (42.9% vs. 6.2%, P = 0.004) and mass effect (P = 0.015) were significantly higher in the CVT group. Recanalization was observed in 61.9% and 82.1% of the patients in the CVT and non-CVT groups, respectively, during the first imaging review (median, 22 days). After a 12-month follow-up, female adolescents had more frequent resident secondary headaches than male adolescents (52.9% vs. 12.5%; P = 0.014).Conclusions Cortical vein involvement in adolescents with CVST was associated with a higher risk of epilepsy at presentation, deterioration during hospitalization, edema, and mass effect on acute imaging, as well as worse short-term outcomes. Sex differences require consideration in etiological analyses and prolonged follow-ups.
Erasable and Field Programmable DNA Circuits Based on Configurable Logic Blocks
Authors: Xiao Xianjin , Liu Yizhou , Zhai Yuxuan , Hu Hao , Liao Yuheng , Liu Huan , Liu Xiao , He Jiachen , Wang Limei , Wang Hongxun , Li Longjie , Zhou Xiaoyu
Published: May 2023

DNA is commonly employed as a substrate for the building of artificial logic networks due to its excellent biocompatibility and programmability. Till now, DNA logic circuits have been rapidly evolving to accomplish advanced operations. Nonetheless, the process of creating DNA logic circuits according to personal needs (logical truth table) requires extensive knowledge on digital circuits. Moreover, even after the researchers endeavor to build a DNA circuit, it lacks field programmability and thereby being disposable and inconvenient. Herein, inspired by the Configurable Logic Block (CLB) paradigm in silicon digital circuits, we present the CLB-based field-programmable DNA circuit that uses clip strands as its operation-controlling signals. It substantially simplifies the construction of desired circuits by establishing the relationship between circuits and operation-controlling strands. Additionally, the field programmability enables users to realize diverse functions with limited hardware. We firstly constructed CLB-based basic logic gates (OR and AND), and effectively demonstrate their eras ability and field programmability. Furthermore, by simply adding the appropriate operation-controlling strands, we achieved multiple rounds of switch among 5 different logic operations on a single two-layer circuit. In addition, we successfully built a circuit to implement two fundamental binary calculators: half-adder and half-subtractor, proving that our design could imitate silicon-based binary circuits. Finally, we built a comprehensive CLB-based circuit that enabled multiple rounds of switch among 7 different logic operations including half-adding and half-subtracting. Overall, the CLB-based field-programmable circuit greatly streamlines the process to build DNA circuits and immensely enhances their practicability. We believe our design could be widely used in DNA logic networks due to its efficiency and convenience.
Pointless parts of completely regular frames
Authors: Ball Richard N.
Published: May 2023

(Completely regular) locales generalize (Tychonoff) spaces; indeed, the passage from a locale to its spatial sublocale is a well understood coreflection. But a locale also possesses an equally important pointless sublocale, and with morphisms suitably restricted, the passage from a locale to its pointless sublocale is also a coreflection. Our main theorem is that every locale can be uniquely represented as a subdirect product of its pointless and spatial parts, again with suitably restricted projections. We then exploit this representation by showing that any locale is determined by (what may be described as) the placement of its points in its pointless part
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 06D22; Secondary 54C45, 54G12, 54G10.
Is low regional Hounsfield units (HU) of screw trajectory being one of the risk factors of hardware failure after posterior cervical fusions (PCFs) with instrumentation?
Authors: Chen Zejun , Lv M. B Guohua , Li Yunchao , Wang Xiaoxiao , He M. B Haoyu , Yuan M. B Hui , Pan M. M Changyu , Kuang M. M Lei , Zhang Ou
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: For patients with multilevel degenerative cervical myelopathy, laminectomy and posterior cervical fusions (PCFs) with instrumentation are widely accepted technique for symptom relief. However, hardware failure is not rare which results in neck pain or even permanent neurological leision. The prevalence of hardware-related complications of laminectomy and posterior cervical fusions (PCFs) with instrumentation are lack of in-depth study. PURPOSE: To investigate risk factors of hardware failure after laminectomy and posterior cervical fusions (PCFs) with instrumentation in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy. STYDU DESIGN: single-center, retrospective study. METHODS: Fifty-six patients who underwent laminectomy and posterior cervical fusions (PCFs) with instrumentation between January 2019 and January 2021 were included in a single institution. Patients were divided into the hardware failure group (n = 14) and no hardware failure group (n = 42). The sex, age, screw density, end vertebra (C7 or T1), cervical sagittal alignment parameters (C2-C7 lordosis, C2-C7 sagittal vertical axis, T1 slope, CL correction), and regional Hounsfield units (HU) of screw trajectory, morbidity of osteoporosis were collected and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The mean overall follow-up was 20.6 months (range, 12–30 months). There were no significant statistical differences in general information (age, gender, follow-up period) of patients between the two groups. The differences of fusion rate, fixation levels and screw density between the two groups were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The failure rate of the fixation endpoint at T1 was lower than that at C7 (9% vs. 36.3%) (p < 0.05). The regional HU of pedicle screw(PS) and lateral mass screw(LMS) in failure group were lower than the ones of no failure group (PS: 267 ± 45 vs. 368 ± 43; LMS: 308 ± 53 vs. 412 ± 41) (p < 0.05). The sagittal alignment parameters did not show significant differences between the two groups before surgery and at final follow-up (p > 0.05). The hardware failure rate in cases without osteoporosis was lower than that in cases with osteoporosis (14.3% vs. 57.1%) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Hardware failure was not uncommon after laminectomy and PCFs with instrumentation in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy. Osteoporosis, fixation ended at C7, and low regional HU of screw trajectory were the independent risk factors.
Use of Flurbiprofen ester in 4-dimensional hysterosalpingography : could it effectively relieve pain during infertility examination?
Authors: Tan Long , Wu Shi-ji , Ma Ai-lin , Li Shi-mei , Zhou Shang-lan , Zhang Shen , Chen Pei-xin , Luo Bao-ming , Di Na
Published: May 2023

Objective The purpose of this article is to investigate the analgesic effect of flurbiprofen ester injection continuous intravenous drip in transvaginal 4-dimensional hysterosalpingography (TVS 4D-HyCoSy).
Methods Two hundred thirty patients who underwent TVS 4D-HyCoSy for infertility from May 2018 to August 2021 at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, were selected. They were grouped according to tubal patency, flurbiprofen ester use, and uterine cannula diameter, i.e., bilateral tubal patency group and nonbilateral tubal patency group, atropine group and atropine + flurbiprofen ester group, and coarse tube group and fine tube group, to compare the analgesic effect during TVS 4D-HyCoSy, pain relief effect between groups, record the incidence of adverse effects, and analyze the factors related to the influence of pain.
Results 1. The atropine + flurbiprofen ester group had significantly fewer adverse effects in the former patients compared with the atropine group; 2. Flurbiprofen ester continuous intravenous infusion was effective for analgesia after ultrasound tubal contrast. Flurbiprofen ester continuous intravenous infusion was effective in relieving pain within 30 minutes after imaging regardless of the patency of the fallopian tubes; 3. The addition of flurbiprofen ester significantly relieved pain in the fine tube group in those with bilateral patency of the fallopian tubes and in the thick tube group and fine tube group in those with nonbilateral patency of the fallopian tubes; 4. Multifactorial analysis of pain relief during imaging suggested that the use of flurbiprofen for bilateral tubal patency had a significant positive effect on pain relief within 30 minutes after the examination, AUC 0.732; 95% CI: 0.665-0.798.
Conclusion Bilateral tubal patency and flurbiprofen will have a significant positive effect on pain relief. The analgesic effect of flurbiprofen ester injection with continuous drip started before TVS 4D-HyCoSy was good, and the pain relief effect was significant within 30 minutes after examination with few adverse effects, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
PSII photochemical efficiency and chlororespiration of Acropora millepora zooxanthellae in carbonated seawater
Authors: McNie Ashleigh , Breen Daniel , Vopel Kay
Published: May 2023

Global trends of increasing atmospheric CO2, warming and eutrophication enrich seawater with CO2—either by absorption from the atmosphere or by microbial respiration—increasing seawater [H+] and [HCO3–] but decreasing [CO32–]. We asked whether, in the absence of warming, these changes in inorganic carbon chemistry affect the PSII photochemical efficiency of zooxanthellae in the reef building coral Acropora millepora. We assessed this efficiency experimentally using pulse-amplitude-modulation fluorometry at a temperature of 25°C, a daily maximum photosynthetically active radiation of ~ 65 µmol quanta m–2 s–1, and a seawater pCO2 that we gradually increased post-acclimation over nine days from ~ 496 to ~ 1290 µatm by injection of CO2 enriched air. Statistical analyses of fluorescence variables derived from saturation pulses delivered every 30 minutes and during induction–recovery experiments did not reveal evidence for an effect of CO2 enrichment on the PSII photochemical efficiency. Two of the three experiments, however, indicate the possibility of a positive effect of CO2 counteracting the gradual decrease in the photochemical efficiency that was observed under conditions of ambient seawater pCO2. Furthermore, we present evidence for chlororespiration—a nocturnal decrease in the PSII photochemical efficiency followed by a sharp increase at the onset of low irradiance. We conclude that seawater CO2 enrichment may not decrease the capacity for photosynthesis in A. millepora zooxanthellae to supply carbon of use in meeting the coral’s energy expenditures.
Performance testing of selected hybrid Markovian models in urban growth simulation of the Kolkata Metropolitan Area, India
Authors: Santra Abhisek , Mitra Shreyashi S. , Routh Shidharth , Kumar Akhilesh , Mitra Debashis
Published: May 2023

In this study an attempt was made to compare the performance of three widely accepted Markovian models of urban growth based on Cellular Automata (CA_MC), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP_MC), and Logistic Regression (LR_MC) in the Kolkata Metropolitan Area. The long-term Landsat images (from 1975 to 2020) were used to study the urban growth. A set of performance metrics, i.e., Kappa, Probability of Detection, False Alarm Ratio, Critical Success Index, and Accuracy Score, were employed to assess the accuracy of the model outputs. Different factors and constraints, were considered to observe their impacts on urban growth. The results indicate that while AHP-based CA_MC performs better overall, relying on any one performance metric alone may provide a misleading conclusion. It was observed that the CA_MC with the AHP performed the best and used for future simulation of the urban land-use/cover maps was generated from 2025 to 2070 at regular intervals. Much of that happens at the expense of the agricultural lands and vegetation cover, which are predicted to decrease by 18% and 5.3%, respectively. The distance-directional growth analysis showed that the areas closer to the central locations are expected to reach saturation, and the fringe areas are expected to register higher urban growth.
Canine ex vivo tarsal arthrodesis: fixation by using a new bone tissue glue
Authors: Lundin Tobias , Pujari-Palmer Michael , Svensson Gustaf , Höglund Odd Viking
Published: May 2023

BackgroundArthrodesis, performed as a salvage surgical procedure to treat intractable joint conditions in dogs and cats, is associated with a high incidence of complications intra and postoperative. Proving the need for improved and new techniques in arthrodesis surgery. Adding a new resorbable bone glue to the arthrodesis could potentially ad fixation strength and lower complications. The objectives of this experimental ex vivo biomechanical study were therefore to develop a biomechanical test model of partial tarsal arthrodesis and to determine whether the new resorbable bone glue (phosphoserine modified cement) produced measurable fixation strength in canine calcaneoquartal arthrodesis, without orthopedic implants. Four biomechanical test models with a total of 35 canine tarsal joints were used. Soft tissues were dissected to 4 different test models with variable contributions from soft tissues. The calcaneoquartal joint was prepared as in vivo arthrodesis and the glue was applied to joint surfaces as a liquid/putty (0.4 cc). After curing for 24 hours, a shear force was applied to the joint (1 mm per minute) and the failure strength was recorded.ResultsCalcaneoquartal joints, where all soft tissues had been completely resected and fixated with glue (1-1.5 cm2joint surface), withstood 2-5 mm of displacement and an average of 100 ± 58 N/cm2of shear force (Model 1). Similar adhesive fixation strengths were obtained in Model 2 and 3 with increasing contributions from soft tissues (80 ±44 and 63 ±23 N/cm2, p = 0.39, ANOVA).ConclusionThe developed biomechanical model was sensitive enough to measure differences in fixation strengths between different glue formulations. The average fixation strength (60-100 N/cm2) should be strong enough to support short-term load bearing in medium sized canines (20 kg). The developed cadaver biomechanical test model is of potential use for other arthrodesis studies. The new resorbable glue can potentially contribute to stability at arthrodesis surgery, acting as a complement to today’s standard fixation, metal implants.
Linking functional and structural brain organisation with behaviour in autism: A multimodal EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP) study
Authors: Oblong Lennart M , Llera Alberto , Mei Ting , Haak Koen , Isakoglou Christina , Floris Dorothea L , Durston Sarah , Moessnang Carolin , Banaschewski Tobias , Baron-Cohen Simon , Loth Eva , Dell’Acqua Flavio , Charman Tony , Murphy Declan G M , Ecker Christine , Buitelaar Jan K , Beckmann Christian F , group the EU-AIMS LEAP group the EU-AIMS LEAP , Forde Natalie J
Published: May 2023

Neuroimaging analyses of brain structure and function in autism have typically been conducted in isolation, missing the sensitivity gains of linking data across modalities. Here we focus on the integration of structural and functional organisational properties of brain regions. We aim to identify novel brain-organisation phenotypes of autism. We utilised multimodal MRI (T1-, diffusion-weighted and resting state functional), behavioural and clinical data from the EU AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP) from autistic (n = 206) and non-autistic (n = 196) participants. Of these, 97 had data from 2 timepoints resulting in a total scan number of 466. Grey matter density maps, probabilistic tractography connectivity matrices and connectopic maps were extracted from respective MRI modalities and were then integrated with Linked Independent Component Analysis. Linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the relationship between components and group while accounting for covariates and non-independence of participants with longitudinal data. Additional models were run to investigate associations with dimensional measures of behaviour. We identified one component that differed significantly between groups (coefficient = 0.33, padj = 0.02). This was driven (99%) by variance of the right fusiform gyrus connectopic map 2. While there were multiple nominal associations with behavioural measures, none were significant following multiple comparison correction. Our analysis considered the relative contributions of both structural and functional brain phenotypes simultaneously, finding that functional phenotypes drive associations with autism. These findings expanded on previous unimodal studies by revealing the topographic organisation of functional connectivity patterns specific to autism and warrant further investigation.
The genetic variability of grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) in Australia
Authors: Kaur Kamalpreet , Rinaldo Amy , Lovelock David , Rodoni Brendan , Constable Fiona
Published: May 2023

Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV; genus Trichovirus in the family Betaflexiviridae) was found in Australia in 2016, but the impact on the production of nursery material and fruit in Australia is unknown. This study investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of GPGV in Australia. GPGV was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in a range of rootstock, table and wine grape varieties from New South Wales, South Australia, and Victoria and 473/2171 (21.8%) samples were infected. Genomes of 32 Australian GPGV isolates were sequenced and many of the isolates shared high nucleotide homology. Phylogenetic and haplotype analyses demonstrated that there were four distinct clades amongst the 32 Australian GPGV isolates and that there were likely to have been at least five separate introductions of the virus into Australia. Recombination and haplotype analysis indicate the emergence of new GPGV strains after introduction into Australia. When compared with 168 overseas GPGV isolates, the analyses suggest that the most likely origin of Australian GPGV isolates is from Europe. There was no correlation between specific GPGV genotypes and symptoms such as leaf mottling, leaf deformation, and shoot stunting, which were observed in some vineyards, and the virus was frequently found in symptomless grapevines.
Repositories
Accession numbers: OQ198990 - OQ199021
Impression formation and autism spectrum disorder: the role of interpersonal synchrony
Authors: Plank Irene Sophia , Traiger Leora Sephira , Nelson Afton M. , Koehler Jana Christina , Lang Stefanie Franziska , Tepest Ralf , Vogeley Kai , Georgescu Alexandra Livia , Falter-Wagner Christine M.
Published: May 2023

When people meet, they almost instantaneously form an impression of each other. First impressions of character traits and rapport are less favourable when people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are judged compared to non-autistic people. Little is known about the behavioural differences that drive these altered impressions. In the present study, we investigated the influence of interpersonal synchrony on impression formation of autistic and non-autistic people. Specifically, we used lagged cross-correlations to assess how much each interactant’s motion energy, a measure which can be determined from video recordings, influenced the other interactant’s motion energy. In short, silent clips of dyadic conversations, we asked non-autistic participants to rate their impression of one of the two interactants, which was solely based on the outlines of both interactants. We expected that the amount of leading of the target interactant, their diagnostic status as well as the interaction of these factors would influence impression formation. We found that while the amount of leading had a positive effect on the impressions of non-autistic interactants, this was not true for interactants with ASD. This suggests that interpersonal synchrony of motion energy is one driver of less favourable impressions of autistic compared to non-autistic people.
High endophytic diversity associated with roots of Cattleya milleri, an endemic orchid from rupestrian grasslands of the “Quadrilátero Ferrífero”, a Brazilian savanna hotspot area in Minas Gerais
Authors: Pereira Marlon Corrêa , Cunha Paloma Cavalcante , Teixeira Anita Fernanda dos Santos , Silva Leandro Israel da , Valadares Rafael Borges da Silva , Dória Joyce , Costa Paulo Henrique de Oliveira , Moreira Fatima Maria Souza
Published: May 2023

Cattleya milleri is a microendemic orchid of iron-rich rupestrian grasslands in the Brazilian savanna hotspot. It is under critical threat due to illegal collections and habitat destruction. As endophytic and mycorrhizal fungi have potential application during C. milleri propagation and conservation, we investigated its root fungal community. C. milleri roots were sampled in five natural sites and at a greenhouse. Fungal root endophytes were isolated for cultural characterization and molecular ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) identification. Total DNA was extracted from root endorhiza and rhizosphere to ITS amplification and sequencing. Sixteen fungal isolates were clustered in 6 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), while endorhizal and rhizospheric sequences were clustered in 327 OTUs. Endorhiza richness (OTUs number) ranged from 25 to 89 OTUs, and rhizosphere presented 56 OTUs. Cluster analysis showed high divergence between natural and greenhouse environments, but a small distance among natural samples. Four phyla, 48 orders, 81 families, and 94 genera were annotated. The putative role of 134 OTUs was annotated, and 24 genera were endophytes, 2 mycorrhizas, 33 pathotrophs, 40 saprotrophs and 17 symbiotrophs. Three orders containing endophytes (Capnodiales, Hypocreales, and Pleosporales) and one containing mycorrhizae (Sebacinales) occurred in all sites. The mycorrhizae Tulasnella occurred in all natural samples. The presence of only two mycorrhizal taxa suggested the mycorrhizae may limit C. milleri distribution. However, many fungi can be recruited from the environment as non-mycorrhizal endophytes. Considering their abundance and role in orchid development, Pleosporales, Tulasnella, and Sebacinalles may be considered for C. milleri propagation and conservation.
Clinical pregnancy rate for frozen embryo transfer with HRT: a randomized controlled pilot study comparing 1 week versus 2 weeks of oestradiol priming
Authors: Racca Annalisa , Santos-Ribeiro Samuel , Drakopoulos Panagiotis , De Coppel Yoran , Landuyt Lisbet Van , Tournaye Herman , Blockeel Christophe
Published: May 2023

Research Question:Does a frozen-embryo transfer in an artificially-prepared endometrium (FET-HRT) cycle yield similar clinical pregnancy rate with 7 days of oestrogen priming compared to 14 days?Design:this is a single-centre, randomized, controlled, open-label pilot study. All FET-HRT cycles were performed in a tertiary centre between October 2018 and January 2021. Overall, 160 patients were randomized, with a 1:1 allocation, into two groups of 80 patients each: group A (7 days of E2 prior to P4 supplementation) and group B (14 days of E2 prior to P4 supplementation). Both groups received single blastocyst stage embryos on the 6th day of vaginal P4 administration. The primary outcome was the feasibility of such strategy assessed as clinical pregnancy rate, secondary outcomes were biochemical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, live birth rate and serum hormone levels on the day of FET.Chemical pregnancy was assessed by an hCG blood test 12 days after FET and clinical pregnancy was confirmed by transvaginal ultrasound at 7 weeks.Results:The analysis included 160 patients who were randomly assigned to either group A or group B on the seventh day of their FET-HRT cycle if the measured endometrial thickness was above 6.5 mm. Following screening failures and of drop-outs, 144 patients were finally included both in group A (75 patients) or group B (69 patients). Demographic characteristics for both groups were comparable. The biochemical pregnancy rate was 42.5% and 48.8% for group A and group B, respectively (p 0.526). Regarding the clinical pregnancy rate at 7 weeks, no statistical difference was observed (36.3% vs 46.3% for group A and group B, respectively, p=0.261). The secondary outcomes of the study (biochemical pregnancy, miscarriage, and live birth rate) were comparable between the two groups for IIT analysis, as well as the P4 values on the day of FET.Conclusions:In a frozen embryo transfer cycle, performed with artificial preparation of the endometrium, 7 versus 14 days of oestrogen priming are comparable, in terms of clinical pregnancy rate; the advantages of a seven-day protocol include the shorter time to pregnancy, reduced exposure to oestrogens, and more flexibility of scheduling and programming, and less probability to recruit a follicle and have a spontaneous LH surge.It is important to keep in mind that this study was designed as a pilot trial with a limited study population as such it was underpowered to determine the superiority of an intervention over another; larger-scale RCTs are warranted to confirm our preliminary results.Clinical trial number:NCT03930706
A Fast Multilevel Dimension Iteration Algorithm for High Dimensional Numerical Integration
Authors: FENG XIAOBING , ZHONG HUICONG
Published: May 2023

In this paper we propose and study a fast multilevel dimension iteration (MDI) algorithm for computing arbitrary d-dimensional integrals based on the tensor product approximations. It reduces the computational complexity (in terms of the CPU time) of a tensor product method from the exponential order O(Nd) to the polynomial order O(d3N2) or better, where N stands for the number of quadrature points in each coordinate direction. As a result, the proposed MDI algorithm effectively circumvents the curse of the dimensionality of tensor product methods for high dimensional numerical integration. The main idea of the proposed MDI algorithm is to compute the function evaluations at all integration points in cluster and iteratively along each coordinate direction, so lots of computations for function evaluations can be reused in each iteration. This idea is also applicable to any quadrature rule whose integration points have a lattice-like structure.
AMS subject classifications. 65D30, 65D40, 65C05, 65N99
Efficacy and toxicity of stereotactic body radiotherapy for un-resectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer patients unfit for concurrent chemoradiation therapy: A retrospective study
Authors: Jia Zhen , Fang Fang , Cao Yangsen , Zhu Xiaofei , Yang Xiaoyu , Guo Xueling , Zhang Huojun
Published: May 2023

Background In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) as replacement strategy of conventionally fractionated radiation therapy in stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients unfit for concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CRT).
Methods We analyzed the clinical outcomes in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC who received SBRT from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2018. Both induction and consolidation chemotherapy were allowed. The survival rates and toxicities were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and potential risk factors were investigated by multivariate Cox regression.
Results A total of 213 consecutive patients who had received SBRT were enrolled. The median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 36.5 months and 16.1 months respectively. The estimated 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 90.6%, 73.7%, 52.0% and 24.9%, respectively and the corresponding PFS rates were 69.5%, 25.4%, 15.0%, and 10.0%, respectively. Treatment failures were largely (n=151, 70.9%) distant metastases, with low rates of local (n=74, 34.74%) and regional (n=76, 35.68%) recurrences. In 13.1% patients (n=28), ≥ grade (G) 3 toxicities were identified, including radiation pneumonia (n=20, 9.4%) and bronchopulmonary hemorrhage (n=8, 3.8%). None of the patients suffered from ≥G 3 late toxic effects. Compared with patients with peripheral tumors, patients with central tumors had lower median OS (P﹤0.001) and the biological effective dose (BED) was not a predictor for OS.
Conclusions SBRT combined with chemotherapy for stage III NSCLC produced favorable treatment outcomes with acceptable toxicity. For patients with central tumors, an appropriate BED reduction can be considered. Further studies are warranted.
Trial registration Retrospectively registered.
An Efficient Method to Identify Regions of Initial Condition Uncertainty for Short-Range Rainfall Forecast during Indian Summer Monsoon Season
Authors: GEORGE BABITHA , Kutty Govindan
Published: May 2023

Forecast errors can be reduced if observations are assimilated in regions with the largest percentage of analysis error growth. Adjoint or ensemble sensitivity analysis provides a way to determine the relationship between a scalar forecast metric and analysis/forecast state variable whereby regions with the largest sensitivity can be identified. In this study, the regions where additional observations will impact the forecasts over the Indian subcontinent during the summer monsoon season have been identified using the ensemble approach. Five years of ensemble data drawn from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) Interactive Grand Global Ensemble (TIGGE) archive has been used to perform ensemble sensitivity analysis (ESA). Regions with the largest percentage of sensitive forecast cycles may be considered as potential locations for launching new observations. Results show that the climatological sensitivity fields of the target forecast region are most often located in its upstream regions in the analysis. It is found that the region of frequent sensitivity may significantly vary with the forecast variable used in the calculation. The 24-h and 48-h precipitation forecasts averaged over the Western Ghats are most often sensitive to far south of the target forecast region. The region of sensitivity for the forecast domain located over the Gangetic Basin and North-Eastern region of the Indian subcontinent is identified to be a zonally elongated region over central India and head Bay, respectively.
A determination to the relationship between loneliness and internet addiction among college students based on liquidity preference theory
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Li Shanshan , Yang Haijun , Guo Xianhong , Yang Min , Wei Sha , Wang Yan , Huang Xing , Huang Juan , Zhao Jiahao , Zhang Yanmei
Published: May 2023

Background Nowadays, Internet addiction is becoming increasingly popular among college students, causing great harm to their physical and mental health. More and more researchers pay attention to Internet addiction. However, the influencing factors of it were not clear. This study aimed to explore the influencing factors, then explained it with liquidity preference theory, hoping our findings might provide theoretical basis for preventing Internet addiction.Methods A total of 2355 college students were randomly selected to complete questionnaires consisted of sociodemographic data, UCLA Loneliness Scale, and Internet Addiction Test from 2021 to 2022 in Wuhan, China. The multivariable linear and logistic regressions were conducted to explore the influencing factors of Internet addiction.Results In this survey, the prevalence of internet addiction was 33.7% (794/2355). According to the multiple linear regression analysis, low level of satisfaction in school and professional satisfaction, the experience of childhood maltreatment, and the high level of loneliness were risk factors for Internet addiction. However, age and grade were the protective factors for Internet addiction. Graduate students had lower rates of Internet addiction than undergraduates. In the fully corrected model multiple logistic regression analysis, students with average and high levels of loneliness had 1.84 times and 4.83 times the risk of Internet addiction compared with individuals with low levels of loneliness.Conclusion Students with high levels of loneliness were at higher risk for Internet addiction. Perhaps we could reduce the loneliness of students by organizing more group activities, so as to reduce the rate of Internet addiction.
Co-creation of the Global Patient Experience Data Navigator: A multi-stakeholder initiative to ensure the patient voice is represented in health decision-making
Authors: Willgoss Tom , Escontrias Omar A. , Scrafton Carole , Oehrlein Elisabeth , Livingstone Victoria , Chaplin Fiona C. , Benivento Maddalena , Chapman Hayley , Brooke Nicholas
Published: May 2023

Background Putting patients’ needs and priorities at the forefront of healthcare initiatives and medical product development is critical to achieve outcomes that matter most to patients. This relies on the integration of early, meaningful patient engagement (PE) to learn what is important to patients, and collection of representative patient experience data (PXD). The increased number of PE/PXD efforts across global regulatory, health technology assessment, and healthcare systems is an important step forward to deliver improved health outcomes for patients. However, these initiatives are fragmented and lack integration, which is necessary to maximize efforts and reduce burden on patients. To overcome these challenges, the Global Patient Experience Data Navigator has been co-created by Patient Focused Medicines Development to provide practical resources that can facilitate and optimize PXD generation, collection, analysis, and dissemination for patient benefit and aims to be applicable across all therapeutic areas for all stakeholders.Methods Co-creation of the Navigator took place through an iterative process of validation and formalization driven by a diverse, multi-stakeholder working group with individuals who have varying knowledge/experience in PE/PXD. A series of workshops took place to conduct a gap analysis, develop a taxonomy model, and integrate existing frameworks.Results The collective insights led to the development of the Navigator consisting of four specific tools in the form of downloadable templates, which can be used to: (1) prioritize outcomes that matter most to patients and their caregivers; (2) select appropriate measurement methods for these outcomes; (3) identify when and why PXD is used throughout the product development cycle for each stakeholder; (4) identify when and why PXD is used throughout the healthcare process for each stakeholder. A public consultation was carried out to collect user feedback before the Navigator was made publicly available in December 2022.Conclusion To our knowledge, the Global Patient Experience Data Navigator is the only publicly available toolkit developed with a multi-stakeholder and disease-agnostic approach providing taxonomically grouped resources to optimize the collection and collation of PXD for patient benefit. Future work will aim to further engage patients by adding a PE dimension to the Navigator.
Combination of Health Care Service Use and the Relation to Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors for Patients With Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Descriptive Cohort Study
Authors: Amundsen Olav , Moger Tron Anders , Holte Jon Helgheim , Haavaag Silje Bjørnsen , Bragstad Line Kildal , Hellesø Ragnhild , Tjerbo Trond , Vøllestad Nina Køpke
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND Patients with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) access health care in different ways. Despite the high prevalence the significant costs associated with the disorders, we know little about the different ways patients use health care. We aim to fill this gap by identifying what combinations of health care services patients use for new MSD in Norway, and discuss possible implications of this variation.METHODS The study combines Norwegian registers on health care use, diagnosis, comorbidities, demographic and socioeconomic factors. Patients (≥ 18 years) are included by their first health consultation for MSD in 2013–2015. Latent class analysis (LCA) with count data of first year consultations for GP, hospital, physiotherapy and chiropractor are used to identify combinations of health care use. Long-term high-cost patients are defined as total reimbursement costs year 1–5 above 95th percentile (≥ 3 744€).RESULTS We identified seven classes: 1: GP, low use; 2: GP, high use; 3: GP and hospital; 4: GP and physiotherapy, low use; 5: GP, hospital and physiotherapy, high use; 6: Chiropractor, low use; 7: GP and chiropractor, high use. Median first year health care contacts varied between classes from 1 to 30 and costs from 20€ to 838€. Eighty-seven percent belonged to class 1, 4 or 6 with low use of health care resources. Classes with high use were characterised by higher age, lower education and more comorbidity and were overrepresented among the long-term high-cost users.CONCLUSION There were a large variation in first year health care service use, and we identified seven latent classes based on frequency of use of different health care services. A low proportion of patients accounts for a high proportion of total resource use. The classes showed considerable differences in demographic and socioeconomic factors, highlighting the significance of these factors for how patients use health care services for their MSDs. These findings contributes to the understanding of clinical pathways for patients with MSD and can help in planning of future care. More research is required to determine whether the observed variations are due to lack of equity in health care delivery or differences in patient-needs.
Oral Microbiome Diversity Predicts All-cause Mortality in the General Population: A Prospective Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Yang Zhiwen , he Fengling , Xu Junyang , Cui Kai , Ruan Yifei , Zhou HuiLei , Zhou JiaJun , Liu Dan , Xiao Zhiwen , Chen Guojun , Liao Yulin , Bin Jianping , Chen Yanmei
Published: May 2023

Background Increasing evidence suggests a potential link between oral microbiome diversity and the occurrence of multiple chronic extraoral diseases. However, evidence regarding oral microbiota diversity and long-term prognosis in the general population is limited. This prospective study aimed to investigate whether oral microbiome diversity is associated with all-cause mortality in the general population.Results During a mean follow-up period of 8.9 years, 429 deaths occurred. After multivariate adjustment, a negative association was observed between oral microbiome α diversity and all-cause mortality (P < 0.01). Significant differences in all-cause mortality risk were observed between the different clusters based on the oral microbiome β diversity (Log-rank P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed that oral microbiome diversity was independently associated with all-cause mortality in individuals with extraoral diseases, particularly those with diabetes mellitus and hypertension. A multivariate logistic regression model demonstrated that increased dietary fiber intake and reduced antibiotic use were significantly associated with higher oral microbiome α diversity.Conclusions Higher oral microbiome diversity was significantly associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality in the general population and in individuals with extraoral diseases, especially diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Reasonable restrictions on antibiotic use and high dietary fiber intake may increase oral microbiome diversity, thereby reducing the risk of all-cause mortality.