bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE SITUATION WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES IN MACEDONIA IN RELATION TO THE SOURCES FOR THEIR FINANCING
Authors: Gogova Samonikov Marija , Veselinova Elena , Gruevski Ilija , Fotov Risto , Zdraveva Zorica
Published: October 2021

The impact of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in employment and value added in the Republic of Macedonia registered a slight increase in the period from 2009 to 2013. Just like in other economies in the region, most SMEs work in the wholesale and retail trade sector (44.0%), followed by the manufacturing sector (13.0%) (OECD 2016). Based on the importance of SMEs in the Macedonian economy in general, this paper aims to point out the gap that exists between the well-identified weakness of the Macedonian economy towards stimulating the life expectancy of SMEs on the one hand and their development on the other, emphasized in the forms of the sources of funding available to them. For that purpose are used statistical analyzes and comparisons, and are accepted conclusions about the current situation with the SMEs environment and the forms of financing of SMEs in Macedonia
Poema para un Leprechaun
Authors: Neubarth Fernando
Published: October 2021

Lay your ear close to the hill. Do you not catch the tiny clamour, Busy click or an elfin hammer, Voice of the Lepracaun singing shrill As he merrily plies his trade? William Allingham - The Lepracaun (en el original con a y sin h), Or, Fairy Shoemaker. (Este poema del siglo XVIII describe el sonido de la paliza de un duende zapatero: "Pon tu oído cerca de la colina. No oyes el pequeño clamor del agitado golpe del martillo elfo, la voz del duende cantando estridentemente mientras se dedica felizmente a su oficio?")
Poem For a Leprechaun
Authors: Neubarth Fernando
Published: October 2021

"Lay your ear close to the hill. Do you not catch the tiny clamour, Busy click or an elfin hammer, Voice of the Lepracaun singing shrill As he merrily plies his trade? William Allingham - The Lepracaun (in the original with a and without h), or Fairy Shoemaker. (This 18th century poem describes the sound of a shoemaker's elf beating: "Put your ear close to the hill. You do not hear the little clamor of the elven hammer slam, the voice of the goblin singing stridently as he happily goes about his trade? ") "
Estimación de la Eficiencia de una Hélice Operando en Régimen Compresible Subsónico
Authors: Roque Tiburcio Fernández , Arredondo José Arturo Correa , Flores José Félix Vázquez , Lezama Jorge Sandoval , Carmona Alejandro Mejía
Published: October 2021

La información experimental disponible para hélices no es útil cuando el número de Mach de la punta de la pala es mayor a . Con el fin de verificar esta aseveración, se propuso un caso de estudio para una hélice Navy 5868-9 con perfil aerodinámico Clark-Y de 4 palas operando a un número de Mach de avance de 0.59 y un número de Mach en la punta de la pala de 0.95. La eficiencia experimental de la hélice (obtenida de gráficas) se compara con la eficiencia obtenida empleando la teoría combinada y con la eficiencia obtenida al corregir la teoría combinada por efectos de compresibilidad con la metodología propuesta en este trabajo. Se concluye que la información experimental disponible para hélices no es adecuada cuando el número de Mach en la punta de la pala es mayor que el Mach crítico, siendo más conveniente el resultado teórico corregido por compresibilidad.

 

The experimental information available for propellers is not useful when the Mach number of the tip of the blade is greater than 0.3. In order to verify this assertion, a case study was proposed for a Navy propeller 5868-9 with a 4-blade Clark-Y airfoil section operating at an advance Mach number of 0.59 and a Mach number at the tip of the blade of 0.95. The experimental efficiency of the propeller (obtained from graphs) is compared with the efficiency obtained using the combined theory and with the efficiency obtained by correcting the combined theory for compressibility effects with the methodology proposed in this paper. It is concluded that the experimental information available for propellers is not suitable when the Mach number at the tip of the blade is greater than the critical Mach, being more convenient the theoretical result corrected by compressibility.
Teaching mathematics at mexican elementary schools
Authors: Vázquez Edith Arévalo , Elizondo Hilda Alicia Guzmán , Díaz Elvira Alicia Sánchez
Published: October 2021

The present study offers results about the ways of teaching mathematics in groups of fifth and sixth grade of public elementary schools in Mexico, located in the state of Nuevo León. The objective was to assess the practices of 70 elementary school teachers, in accordance with the application of the didactic approach suggested from the current syllabus (2011) in mathematics classes. It is a study of descriptive scope. For the information retrieval, an observation guide was used, based on the current curriculum for basic education. Teaching strategies, forms of class organization, classroom organization, use of teaching materials, assessment tools and textbook, among others, were the categories taken into account. The results show that despite the implementation of the current curriculum, most educators continue to use teaching strategies that are far from the suggested didactic recommendations. The textbook is the resource used par excellence and the forms of classroom organization are preferably by working individually and as a group. Those practices keep showing not very encouraging results at national and international levels.

El presente estudio ofrece resultados sobre las formas de enseñar matemáticas en grupos de quinto y sexto grado de escuelas primarias públicas de México, ubicadas en el estado de Nuevo León. El objetivo fue evaluar las prácticas de 70 profesores de primaria, de acuerdo con la aplicación del enfoque didáctico sugerido desde el programa de estudios vigente (2011) en las clases de matemáticas. Es un estudio de alcance descriptivo. Para la recuperación de la información se utilizó una guía de observación, basada en el plan de estudios vigente para la educación básica. Las estrategias de enseñanza, las formas de organización de la clase, la organización del aula, el uso de materiales didácticos, los instrumentos de evaluación y el libro de texto, entre otros, fueron las categorías que se tuvieron en cuenta. Los resultados muestran que, a pesar de la implementación del currículo vigente, la mayoría de los educadores sigue utilizando estrategias de enseñanza que se alejan de las recomendaciones didácticas sugeridas. El libro de texto es el recurso utilizado por excelencia y las formas de organización del aula son preferentemente el trabajo individual y el grupal. Estas prácticas siguen mostrando resultados poco alentadores a nivel nacional e internacional.
Pelaksanaan Pola Pemuridan KAMBIUM dalam Memberikan Dasar Keyakinan Keselamatan Anak Usia 13 – 18 Tahun
Authors: Keriapy Frets
Published: October 2021

Pemuridan merupakan tugas orang Kristen siapa pun dia. Hal ini merupakan keharusan murid Yesus. Sebelum Yesus naik ke Surga, Ia memberikan pesan terakhir kepada para murid-Nya untuk melakukan menjadi segala bangsa murid-Nya. Dalam Penelitian ini, proses pemuridan yang dipakai adalah pemuridan dengan menggunakan pola KAMBIUM. KAMBIUM merupakan satu pola pemuridan yang digunakan oleh PESAT Maluku Utara dalam melakukan pemuridan. Metode yang digunan dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proses pemuridan pola KAMBIUM secara signifikan memberikan dampak pada keyakinan keselamatan pada Anak usia 13-18 tahun.
Anadolu Mandalarında Vajinal Bakteriyel ve Fungal Flora
Authors: KARACAN SEVER Nurdan , ÖZMEN M. Ferit
Published: October 2021

Vajinal mikrobiyal flora, genital sistemi infeksiyonlara karşı korumada önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada Anadolu Manda’ larının vajinal bakteriyel ve fungal florası araştırıldı. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Eğitim Araştırma ve Uygulama Çiftliği’ndeki daha önce çiftleşmemiş ve klinik olarak sağlıklı 14 Anadolu Mandası’ ndan vajinal svap örnekleri toplandı. Bakteriyel ve fungal etkenlerin izolasyon ve identifikasyonları standart yöntemler kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Escherichia spp. ve Citrobacter spp. cinslerine ait 59 suş izole edildi. En yaygın tür S. haemolyticus (%100)’ tu ve bunu E. casseliflavus (%92.86), E. faecium ve E. coli (%85.71), S. chromogenes (%57.14) ve C. farmeri (%14.29) izledi. Örneklerden fungal etken izole edilmedi. Sonuç olarak S. haemolyticus, E.casseliflavus, E. faecium ve E. coli’ nin Anadolu Mandası vajinal mikroflorasının bir parçası olabileceği düşünüldü.
Medical Plant of Aloe Vera in Desert Regions of Iran: Greenhouses, Economic Importance, Development, Extension, Processing and Marketing
Authors: GOLMOHAMMADİ Farhood
Published: October 2021

Medical plants are the best source for getting treatment from various diseases. Using of natural substances with therapeutic properties has been used since ancient times. More than 500 species of Aloe Vera are known. This plant is native to tropical areas, including the north of Africa, Europe and the southern part of the Mediterranean region. Aloe Vera grows widely in the south of Iran and is cultured for the pharmaceutical uses. Aloe Vera is a plant with structural and physiological adaptations that allow it to survive in arid or semiarid regions with erratic rainfall. Aloe Vera is a medicinal plant cultivated for various applications in medical, food and health products. Aloe Vera has been used for centuries for its health, beauty, medicinal and skin care properties. Aloe Vera is a plant that can produce sap and gel. The gel is extracted from the leaves, and this is the most widely used substance as a treatment. Different from traditional treatment modalities, Aloe Vera will great reduce medical cost intended as complementary therapy. Aloe Vera is much more effective and less costly in the prevention and healing the ulcers compared to current treatments. Also, since the revival of traditional medicine is important and the side effects of this drug has been proven to be trivial over the years, it seems Aloe Vera is a good substitute to replace the current methods or to be used as a complementary method for prevention of pressure ulcers and improving community health. In this article, introducing various aspects of cultivating Aloe Vera greenhouses in desert regions of Iran and their economic importance plus approaches for their development, extension, processing and marketing. Main locations of study were greenhouses of Aloe Vera in two provinces in Iran, namely South Khorasan and Semnan provinces in the east and north of the country. For doing this study utilized qualitative approach with its main tools for gathering information such as participatory observation, maps, scientific articles, pictures, documents etc.. In the end present appropriate approaches for improving its economic importance, development, extension, processing and marketing in Iran.
Illustrated checklist of the Anguilliformes (Pisces, Teleostei) of Mayotte (West Indian Ocean) with 14 new records
Authors: Eudeline Rémy
Published: October 2021

The Anguilliformes of Mayotte (French island of the Comoros Archipelago) remain poorly surveyed and poorly known so far. This paper deals with the diversity of the Order Actinopterygii of the lagoon of Mayotte by combining literature data, my own underwater visual censuses, and records from other divers. Most species were identified by in situ photographs. A total of 47 species were listed in detail with picture plates, including 14 species not previously mentioned for the lagoon of Mayotte. This paper shows that the use of citizen science, by providing pictures of observed species, has enormous potential to improve our understanding of the species community from an insufficiently surveyed region
Pembuktian Potensi Kerugian dalam Gugatan terhadap Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara
Authors: Baried Rizky Ramadhan
Published: October 2021

Administrative court verdict number 04/G/2013/PTUN.YK. juncto 149/B/2013/PT.TUN.SBY., verdict number 18/G/2015/PTUN.YK. juncto 115/B/2016/PT.TUN.SBY. juncto 37 PK/TUN/2017, and verdict number 14/G/2017/PTUN.YK. juncto 205/B/2017/PT.TUN.SBY. were example that license (as the state administrative decision) issued by administrative officials as the object of lawsuit in administrative court, by the reason of potential loss, which normatively regulared by law number 9 of 2004 and its expansion in law number 30 of 2014. As known, principle of ‘negativa non sunt probanda’ state that facts that have not/not yet been proven cannot be proven, while it is opened by the regulation above, of course it will have implications for the procedure of evidence in court to arouse the confiction of judges and affordability of Article 53 of law number 9 of 2004 in a lawsuit with a potential loss reason. This research is an empirical legal research with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Subject of this research was administrative judges of Yogyakarta Administrative Court as primary data and analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that the judge could prove the potential loss as the basis of lawsuit by assessing the legal standing of plaintiff, whether plaintiff had an interest in the issuance of the state administrative decisions or not. Meanwhile, potential losses can be proven by means of a systematic interpretation between Article 53 of law number 9 of 2004 and Article 87 of law number 30 of 2014.
SAÚDE INDÍGENA E TRANSCULTURALIDADE EM TEMPOS DE COVID-19: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NA ALDEIA TUPINAMBÁ
Authors: Oliveira da Cunha Diego de , Bitencourt Souza Rayany Cristen , Pereira Gonçalves Clayton , Costa Barbosa Angêlo Madson da
Published: October 2021

No Brasil, até outubro de 2020, foram constatados 29.132 casos de infecção e 451 óbitos de Covid-19 de povos indígenas. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é refletir sobre a administração das políticas sociais de saúde durante a Pandemia COVID-19 e choque entre fatores culturais dos indígenas da aldeia Tupinambá e os prestadores de serviço na área da saúde, que interferem na realização das práticas e de cuidado aos povos dessa etnia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, de abordagem interpretativista, fundamentado no método de análise de conteúdo da Bardin (1977), a qual mostra que, por meio da abordagem interpretativista, compreendemos a relação as políticas sociais de saúde no que tange sobre os fatores culturais no atendimento ao indígena, contribuindo para a área de estudos organizacionais. Como instrumento de pesquisa foi utilizado um questionário, constituído por 7 perguntas, que foram respondidos por 2 moradores da aldeia São Francisco Território Tupinambá que fica localizado na cidade de Santarém/PA, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados no período de outubro a novembro de 2020, de maneira online, usando a Teoria Transcultural do Cuidado como força motriz inspiradora da investigação. A interpretação dos resultados revela grandes falhas na administração das políticas sociais com relação às políticas indigenistas de saúde, dentre eles os choques culturais, não existindo o cuidado cultural e o respeito aos costumes e saberes desse povo. Também permite inferir que as políticas sociais ainda não estão garantindo os direitos dessa população brasileira socioeconomicamente vulnerável, acarretando por consequência, extremas limitações para assistência social. Logo, o estudo permite acreditar que considerar o contexto cultural do povo indígena pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de novos modelos eficazes de administração da política social no contexto indígena.
LITERATURA NEGRA, CULTURA E FORMAÇÃO CIDADÃ ANTIRRACISTA
Authors: Oliveira Ferreira Edna Maria de , Costa Vitorino Cesar
Published: October 2021

Este artigo propõe a leitura de textos da literatura negra, em contexto escolar de ensino médio, como instrumento de reflexão em prol da formação cidadã antirracista, resultando em movimentos de aproximação à história, às crenças, saberes e cultura africana e afrodescendentes. Objetivou-se compreender como a literatura e a cultura negra transitam nesse contexto, sendo vetores de valorização das raízes culturais e da construção das identidades negras, visando a mobilizar ações e atitudes antirracistas. Parte-se da análise do corpus, composto por respostas dadas a um questionário online, dirigido a sujeitos professores e alunos desse segmento de ensino para compreender como a história, as tradições e a cultura afrodescendentes fazem parte do currículo escolar, conforme se ajustem a cada conteúdo dos diversos componentes curriculares, como forma de garantir a presença desses conhecimentos na formação cidadã dos sujeitos alunos, independentemente da cor, raça ou crença. Pode ser uma maneira de incrementar as ações advindas a partir da instituição da Lei 10. 639/03, ampliada pela Lei 11. 649/08, que não tem se mostrado suficiente no combate ao racismo estrutural. Percebeu-se a necessidade de mais espaço para ações que se desenvolvam dentro da escola e resultem num trabalho não só de conscientização, mas ainda em movimentos, atitudes e ações antirracistas também fora da escola. Os estudos de Almeida (2019); Ribeiro (2019), Borges (2019); Santos (1998), dentre outros, servirão de parâmetro para a argumentação. Palavras-chave: Racismo; teorias antirracistas; literatura negra; contexto escolar.
DIVULGAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA EM TEMPOS SOMBRIOS
Authors: Santos Ramos Samira dos , Ferreira de Sousa Célia
Published: October 2021

Editorial
ENCRUZILHADA
Authors: Barros José D'Assunção
Published: October 2021

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Antagonism of Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride on isolates of Fusarium spp. from Nicotiana tabacum
Authors: Ceiro-Catasú Wilson , Vega-González Yusel , Taco-Sánchez María , Gaibor-Fernández Ramiro , Sosa-Sánchez Oandis
Published: October 2021

Tobacco production is a key line in the Cuban economy and generates the largest income in the agricultural sector. Within phytopathogens affecting this plant, Fusarium spp., constitutes a pest of interest, due to vascular involvements that cause deterioration of the commercial value of the leaf. Therefore, the research was carried out with the aim of determining the antagonistic activity in vitro of native strains of Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride on isolates of Fusarium oxysporum and F. phyllophylum, from Nicotiana tabacum L. in Granma province, Cuba. The work was carried out at the Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Granma. Half dextrose potato agar was prepared to establish the dual crops of Trichoderma spp. vs. Fusarium spp. Once the treatments were established and the incubation time had elapsed, the percentage inhibition of mycelial growth, antagonistic capacity and mycoparasitic activity was determined. A fully randomized design with four replicas per treatment was used and a two factorial ANOVA and Tukey test (p≤0.05) were used for statistical processing. It was shown that the strains of Trichoderma spp., recorded intermediate values of phytopathogenic inhibition, the competitiveness of the antagonist was mostly located in class two of the Bell scale and it was found that penetration, winding, vacuolization, deformation and granulation constitute the main forms of mycoparasitism. Which points to this biocontrol method as an alternative to consider for the management of Fusarium spp., in tobacco agroecosystems.
Growth of four types of Capsicum spp. in substrates under a protected environment
Authors: Ruiz-Espinoza Francisco , Rodríguez-Ortiz Juan , Beltrán-Morales Félix , Carballo-Méndez Fernando
Published: October 2021

Plant growth depends on environmental conditions, management conditions and soil conditions, which is why in this research we evaluated the growth of chili peppers in a sand-based substrate, under a protected environment. The treatments evaluated were: 1) soil (control), 2) sand, 3) sand-perlite (4:1) and 4) sand-perlite (1.5:1), which were established under a completely randomized design with six replications. The species used were Capsicum annuum L. Hungarian, serrano and jalapeño types, and Capsicum pubescens Ruiz & Pav. apple type. The sand-perlite mixtures benefited the growth of the chili peppers, with respect to soil and sand. Therefore, sand-perlite mixtures should be considered as an alternative to produce chili peppers in containers.
The Big Five Personality as A Predictor of Involvement in Violence among Students in Secondary Schools in Nyando Sub-County, Kenya
Authors: Omanyo Abraham , Omae Peter , Disiye Margaret
Published: October 2021

Involvement in violence among students is a common menace not only in Nyando Sub-county, Kenya but also in the whole world. Predicting involvement in violence based on the big five personalities could be useful in developing various personality-based interventions to involvement in violence. This prompted the present study to investigate both qualitative and quantitative Predictiveness of the big five personalities to involvement in violence. The convergent parallel mixed-method research design was used. Multistage random sampling was used to generate a sampling size of 418 students. Apart from the students, 26 teacher counselors and 26 deputy headteachers were also interviewed in order to triangulate the sources of information. Both self-report questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data. The results indicated that the big five personalities were significantly predictive of involvement in violence at 23.4% (F (5, 391) = 26.886 p < 0.05 and R2 = 0.23). Hence other factors (apart from the big five personalities) predictive of involvement in violence which was qualitatively explored included: environmental factors, social factors, economic factors, familial factors, political factors, cultural factors, the psychosocial stages of development, exposure levels of a person, temperamental issues, modernism, and post-modernism. These other factors were assumed to predict involvement in violence at 76.6%. Therefore to minimize involvement in violence, more personality-based interventional measures should be applied.
Primary Hepatic Neuroendocrine Tumor and its Metastasis to Breast; Case Report of an Unusual Malignancy
Authors: Zafar Amjad , Iqbal Rabia , Jafar Amina , Bajwa Taimoor , Yaqub Sobia , Akbar Ali
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare tumors with varied clinical presentations. Entero-pancreatic and respiratory systems are usually involved but it can also affect unusual sites like the liver.

Purpose: This paper presents a case of a 45 years female who developed progressive and disabling symptoms of mass effect and carcinoid but remained undiagnosed for many years due to extremely low suspicion of such a tumor in liver.

Methods: Diagnosis was made after extensive radiological, histopathological, and biochemical investigations. By that time, disease had spread to her breast which is also not a typical feature of NETs.

Findings: Diagnosis of rare tumors at an unusual site is challenging and requires high clinical suspicion and appropriate workup.
Участие законных представителей в гражданском процессе
Authors: Саттаров Фархад
Published: October 2021

В данной статье рассмотрены вопросы, связанные с участием законных представителей в гражданском процессе. Анализированы общие положения юридического представительства. Автором проанализирован практический опыт из судебной практики по случаям вынесения судебных решений без привлечения органов опеки и попечительства.  В исследовании автором внесены предложения и рекомендации по совершенствованию участия законных представителей в национальном законодательстве.
Ingliz va o`zbek tillarida poetik janrda anafora stilistik vositasining ifoda etilishi
Authors: Qurbonova Mushtariy
Published: October 2021

Ushbu maqolada ingliz va o`zbek tilida anafora san`atining ahamiyati va o`ziga xos xususiyatlari bayon qilingan. Anafora - sheʻr yoki banddagi misra, gaplarning boshidagi soʻz yoki soʻz birikmasining boshqa misralar boshida aynan takrorlanib kelishi.
Human dignity as a new constitutional value of the constitutional system of Republic of Croatia
Authors: LJUBIC DUBRAVKO
Published: October 2021

The study presents the human dignity as the basis of every legal order, its ethics and all
the other factors that make a legal system just, a condition for the existence of
rights in general. Croatian Constitution does not recognize human dignity as the
highest value and the basis of design of the basic legal sphere, but, by accepting
the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union human dignity is not
becoming just the source and means of interpretation of the basic legal sphere,
but it is also becoming the basis for establishing relations between the
individual and the state and individuals themselves
Unconstitutional legal solutions enshrined in the Code of Criminal Procedure of 2014
Authors: TOADER TUDOREL , SAFTA MARIETA
Published: October 2021

This study continues the presentation on the development of the constitutional court’s
case-law, from ascertaining the unconstitutionality of the legal rule to
ascertaining the unconstitutionality of the legal solution promoted by that rule
with punctual respect to criminal procedure. The constitutional review
transcends the strict boundaries of referrals brought before the Court in order
to purify the legal system from those that reproduce legal solutions found to be
unconstitutional. Thus, it is emphasized both the effect of sanctioning the rule
which was the subject matter of the exception of unconstitutionality, and the
preventive effect of constitutional review, by the inability of the legislature to
resume a legal solution found unconstitutional, except where there is a change
of the social and economic context.
Mesures restrictives de L'Union Europeenne pour lutter contre le terrorisme, droits de la defense et jurisprudence de la Cour de justice de l'Union Europeenne
Authors: COLAS DIEGO , FODDA BRICE
Published: October 2021

Dans son arrêt du 3 septembre 2008, Kadi et Al Barakaat International Foundation/Conseil
et Commission (C-402/05 P, dit «arrêt Kadi I», point 81), la Cour de Justice de
l’Union Européenne a souligné avec une certaine solennité que «la
Communauté Européenne est une communauté de droit en ce que ni ses États
membres ni ses institutions n’échappent au contrôle de la conformité de leurs
actes à la charte constitutionnelle de base qu’est le traité de l’Union».
Dans le cadre de la même affaire, quelques années plus tard, dans son arrêt du
18 juillet 2013, Commission, Conseil et Royaume-Uni/Kadi (C‑584/10 P,
C‑593/10 P et C‑595/10 P, dit «arrêt Kadi II», point 66), la Cour de Justice de
l’Union Européenne a de nouveau qualifié de «constitutionnelle» la garantie
qu’incarne, dans une Union de droit, le contrôle juridictionnel de la légalité de
tout acte de l’Union, y compris de ceux qui, comme en l’occurrence, mettent en
œuvre un acte de droit international, au regard des droits fondamentaux
garantis par l’Union.
Ainsi, c’est à l’occasion de la lutte contre le terrorisme qu’a été rappelée et
consacrée une caractéristique qui, certes, existait déjà en droit de l’Union3 et
qui permettait à l’Union Européenne de considérer son traité fondateur comme
un acte qui n’était pas seulement de nature contractuelle ou synallagmatique,
mais comme véritablement constitutionnel, c’est-à-dire fondateur d’un ordre
juridique construit sur des valeurs partagées.
Constitution of the Republic of Serbia- Shorter commentary on articles (why it must be amended?) (I)
Authors: RAKITOVAN DARIAN
Published: October 2021

After the referendum, on the 8th of November, 2006, the Assembly of the Republic of
Serbia promulgated the currently valid Constitution of the Republic of Serbia.
However, from the moment of its adoption, this Constitution was subjected to a
great deal of criticism. Even the manner of its adoption was disputed. Currently,
there are numerous demands for its amendment. Political parties in Serbia also
more or less agree that the current Constitution should be amended, especially
in the light of European integrations. Most frequently heard objections are to
the provisions regarding the too high number of deputies in the Parliament, the
content of the preamble, provisions regarding judiciary, the matter of
regionalization etc.
This paper reviews and provides a short commentary on certain provisions of
the Constitution of the Republic of Serbia, which we deem necessary to be
pointed out when debating this matter. Particular focus is placed on certain
normative solutions which we believe are not adequately regulated, i.e. those
provisions we believe should be altered in order to adapt this supreme legal act
to the intentions of Serbia to become a full member of the European Union, and
which are at the same time in the interest of the citizens of Serbia.
Unconstitutional legislative solutions established through the 2014 Criminal Code
Authors: TOADER TUDOREL , SAFTA MARIETA
Published: October 2021

The study continues the presentation of the jurisprudential evolution of the constitutional
court, from the acknowledgement of the legal norm’s unconstitutionality to the
acknowledgement of the unconstitutionality of the legislative solution promoted
through the said norm, with precise reference to the field of substantive criminal
law. The constitutionality control transcends the strict framework of the
limitations of the referrals addressed to the Court, aimed at removing from the
legislative system those provisions which resume the legislative solutions
acknowledged as being unconstitutional. Thus, it is emphasized not only the
sanctioning effect upon the norm constituting the subject matter of the exception
of unconstitutionality, but also the preventive effect of the constitutionality
control, through the legislator’s impossibility to resume the legislative solution
declared unconstitutional, with the exception of the situation in which a change
of the social and economic context takes place.
State of emergency for reasons of national security
Authors: POPA ANDREI-NICOLAE
Published: October 2021

This article begins from the hypothesis that the state of emergency should be able to be
established only for reasons of national security. The main argument is that a
state of emergency should be established for causes of an exceptional nature
and other than those for which the exercise of fundamental rights and
freedoms is currently restricted. The content of this article demonstrates that
the state of emergency is a defensive- offensive act through which the state
temporarily suspends some legal institutions, replacing them with others, to
protect the existence of the state itself (seen as population, territory,
sovereignty), this being the supreme value. protected by such measures
Hasan Ali Toptaş’ın Beni Kör Kuyularda Romanında Ötekileştirmeye Genel Bir Bakış
Authors: REİS Özgül
Published: October 2021

Hasan Ali Toptaş, eserlerinde toplum tarafından ötekileştirilmiş karakterlere sık sık yer verir. Yazarın kendi hayatının ve hatta yazarlığının önemli bir noktasını oluşturan öteki olma durumu bu çalışmanın çıkış noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Farklılığın nasıl yorumlandığı ve insanların, bu yorum doğrultusunda sosyal ilişkilerinde farklı bireyleri nasıl konumlandırdığı eserdeki karakterler ve olay örgüsü yoluyla açıklanacaktır. Romanda, farklı bir özelliğe sahip, acı çeken, yalnız ve çaresiz bir aileye akın akın gelen kalabalığın gösterdiği acımasızlık, kişinin mahremiyetine olan saygısızlık konu edilir. İnsan bedeninin sömürülmesi ve acıya duyarsızlık da alt metinler olarak belirginleşir. Yazarın, titizlikle işleyerek masalsı bir dünyaymış gibi sunduğu bu romanın konusu, günümüz sorunlarına tutulan bir ayna gibidir. Bu aynada yazar okuyucuya giderek yozlaşan bir topluma uyum sağlayamayan, uysallaşamayan, uyuşamayan ötekilerin görüntüsünü sunar. Her şeyin herkesin gözü önünde olmasına rağmen kimsenin yardım eli uzatmaması ve herkesin acıya karşı kayıtsız bir tutum sergilemesi göze çarpar. Olay örgüsüne paralel ele alınan analiz sonucunda çalışma, toplumun kültüre dayalı ötekileştirme yöntemlerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Hermeneutikten faydalanılarak eserde toplumun farklı olarak adlandırdığı kişilerin mahremiyetini yok sayarak ve onları seyir malzemesi konumuna getirerek ötekileştirildiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Kết quả sớm phẫu thuật thay van tim tại Bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Quảng Ninh
Authors: Hùng Phạm Việt , Mạnh Trịnh Văn , Tiến Nguyễn Huy , Thoa Nguyễn Thị , Tuấn Ngô Văn , Ước Nguyễn Hữu , Sơn Phùng Duy Hồng , Tú Vũ Ngọc
Published: October 2021

Tổng quan: Bệnh van tim là bệnh tim mạch phổ biến với số lượng lớn bệnh nhân cần phẫu thuật. Tuy nhiên triển khai phẫu thuật thay van tim tại bệnh viện tuyến tỉnh là một thách thức lớn. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện để đánh giá hiệu quả và lợi ích khi triển khai phẫu thuật thay van tim tại Bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Quảng Ninh.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang cho 59 bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật thay van tim tại Bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Quảng Ninh, từ tháng 5/2016 đến tháng 12/2020

Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình bệnh nhân là 53 ± 11,7 (từ 22 đến 71 tuổi). Tất cả có biểu hiện có triệu chứng suy tim trước mổ NYHA II, III. Thay van 2 lá: 42 bệnh nhân, van động mạch chủ: 7 bệnh nhân, van hai lá và van động mạch chủ đồng thời: 10 bệnh nhân. Thời gian trung bình của phẫu thuật: 230 ± 41,2 phút, tuần hoàn ngoài cơ thể: 136 ± 39,8 phút; cặp động mạch chủ: 106 ± 36,7 phút. Thời gian thở máy dưới 6h chiếm 89,8%. Có 98,3% bệnh nhân ra viện với kết quả tốt.

Kết luận: Bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Quảng Ninh đã triển khai phẫu thuật tim hở nói chung và thay van tim nói riêng an toàn và hiệu quả cao.
Features of the Ideal CD-ROM or Website for Developing Listening Skills
Authors: Skowronek Steffen
Published: October 2021

The euphoria about the vast potential of computer- and internet-based learning has recently given way to more cautious assessments and more realistic expectations. Learners, teachers and researchers alike have expressed their concerns about shortcomings in the pedagogical design of the majority of existing software products, which cause frustration instead of motivation among learners. This situation is particularly deplorable with regard to listening skills, because the development of aural comprehension is generally seen as an individualized process that can be supported more efficiently in self-access environments than in "traditional" classrooms. In a EUROCALL show and tell session, held at the conference in Vienna in September 2004, we attempted to answer the question of what an ideal CD-ROM for the development of listening skills should look like.
Book review "Designing Authenticity into Language Learning Materials"
Authors: Perry David
Published: October 2021

Designing Authenticity into Language Learning Materials

Author: Freda Mishan

Intellect Books, Bristol, UK

ISBN 1-84150-080-1 Paperback 224 pages 230x174mm

Published November 2004
Viaje al pasado: los aztecas
Authors: Asencio Matilde , Desnoyers Annie
Published: October 2021

Viaje al pasado: los aztecas 

El perfecto simple y el imperfecto en la narración y la descripción

www.ccdmd.qc.ca/ri/aztecas/
Book Review "Artificial Intelligence in Second Language Learning"
Authors: Seiz Ortiz Rafael
Published: October 2021

Dodigovic, Marina (2005)

Artificial Intelligence in Second Language Learning. Raising Error Awareness.

Second Language Acquisition series. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd. ISBN: 1-85359-829-1 (304 p.)
PLEVALEX - A new platform for Oral Testing in Spanish
Authors: García Laborda Jesús
Published: October 2021

Computer assisted language testing has become a common educational feature. The fact that large servers allow teachers to investigate and implement new ways of teaching has been revolutionary in the past five years. Now that TOEFL and IELTS are currently operating their new tests online, it is necessary to obtain similar tools for many different languages at reduced costs. To this end a group of 15 researchers from the Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV), investigating in the field of Languages for Specific Purposes, has been working for the past two years on designing a new tool for written and, more importantly, oral testing that can cater for a number of current educational needs in Spain: diagnostic tests for Erasmus students, internal university exams, official university entry exams, and preparation for the Cambridge, Trinity, and TOEFL exams. This new platform has been called PLEVALEX (Plataforma de evaluación valenciana de lenguas extranjeras). This article gives a brief description of the platform, its sections and uses. Although PLEVALEX was originally designed to test Spanish and Catalan, it is also transferable to other languages.
Recommended website BE-CuLT
Authors: Rost-Roth Martina , Landgren Mats , Turunen Mikko
Published: October 2021

http://www.becult.org

The BE-CuLT website draws on a variety of different theories and approaches. The basic underlying principles are Computer Assisted Language Learning, Content and Language Integrated Learning, Autonomous Learning, and the promotion of intercultural competence. In the following, these principles are elaborated; as well as a discussion of other theoretical issues and their impact on the development of the website and organizational aspects of program application.
“Integrating the Year Abroad” an integrative approach to Language Learning supported by WebCT ePortfolio
Authors: Goria Cecilia
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a case study on the role of ePortfolios in enhancing Integrative Learning within the context of the Year Abroad program. The Centre for Integrative Learning at the University of Nottingham has funded the project “Integrating the Year Abroad” which involves the creation and the development of a computer based portfolio template, the Year Abroad ePortfolio, to assist the students of Modern Languages who spend the third year of their studies in one or more foreign countries. The purpose of this paper is to outline how the ePortfolio created for the project takes the role of a learning and reflective tool promoting Integrative Learning within the context of a Year Abroad program and language learning.
Book review "Learning and Teaching in the Virtual World of Second Life"
Authors: Seiz Ortiz Rafael
Published: October 2021

Eds. Judith Molka-Danielsen and Mats Deutschmann
Learning and Teaching in the Virtual World of Second Life
Published by Tapir Academic Press
http://www.tapirforlag.no/forlag/english
Trondheim, 2009
194 pp
ISBN: 978-82-519-2353-8
Joining the DOTS: A collaborative approach to online teacher training
Authors: Stickler Ursula , Ernest Pauline , Emke Martina , Germain-Rutherford Aline , Hampel Regine , Hopkins Joseph , Stanojevic Mateusz-Milan
Published: October 2021

Developing Online Teaching Skills (DOTS) is one of 20 “Empowering language professionals” projects currently funded by the Council of Europe's European Centre for Modern Languages (ECML). Its principal aim is to develop an online platform for delivering teacher training at a distance. Once completed, this collaborative platform will contain a range of modular activities for self-training via a selection of interactive CMC tools. This paper describes the participative process involved in developing this platform and in creating bite-size introductory activities to online tools for language teaching based on the input of online learning experts and users from 25 European countries.
Investigating the inclusion of online discussions to enhance students' learning in general education undergraduate classes
Authors: Gunn Cindy
Published: October 2021

Discussion of class material has many educational benefits. In today's modern computerized society, these discussions no longer need to be confined to the classroom setting. This paper discusses students' reactions to the inclusion of online discussions at the undergraduate level. In addition, the author illustrates how the students' comments and concerns have been incorporated over three semesters to improve the assignment for future students.
EURODIS: a new searchable database and website for project dissemination
Authors: Gimeno Sanz Ana , De Siqueira Rocha Jose Macario
Published: October 2021

This paper describes the rationale for setting up and the outcomes derived from the EURODIS project carried out with support from the European Commission through its Lifelong Learning Programme from November 2009 to October 2010 (Ref.: 159773-2009-LLP-ES-KA2-KA2AM). The project's main aim was to provide efficient ways of disseminating CALL-related projects and their products to the larger language learning community at all levels of education. The major project outcome has been the implementation of a searchable large scale web-enabled database allowing both learners and language professionals to find specific information in a comprehensive manner.
The Merits of Using “EthnoQuest” as an English Language Learning Tool and a Medium of Cultural Transmission
Authors: Creaser Fiona
Published: October 2021

This paper will focus on the experience of using the game 'EthnoQuest' as part of a content-based course at a small private university in Japan. 'EthnoQuest' is an interactive multimedia simulation for cultural anthropology fieldwork, and students enter the virtual environs of Amopan, a small Mexican village. The game is text based and two-dimensional and by comparison does not have any of the high quality graphics or adventure stimulating challenges of a commercial game. Nevertheless, I felt it was extremely beneficial to students taking ethnographic fieldwork courses as it opened up the field in a very accessible way. Two groups of students will be discussed; one group of students had very limited abilities in English and were very conscious of this fact. The second group, had advanced English skills and were able to use the simulations as a
stepping stone to fruitful discussions about topics such as bilingualism and cultural and religious beliefs. Students with lower levels of English were able to interact with villagers at their own pace creating a comfortable and safe study environment from which to improve their English skills and enhance their knowledge of a different culture. Four simulations from the game will be analysed for their language building skills and cultural content. Finally, student feedback and problems with the software will be discussed.
The Impact of Text-Messaging on EFL Freshmen's Vocabulary Learning
Authors: Derakhshan Ali
Published: October 2021

The present research investigates the effectiveness of text-message vocabulary learning on EFL freshmen. The results of the pretreatment interview with EFL learners showed that many of them have difficulty learning vocabulary through the traditional paperand-pencil way; therefore, text-message vocabulary learning was hypothesized to be a potential way to help EFL learners consolidate their vocabulary knowledge. To this end, 43 participants from among 85 freshmen studying in Torbat-e-Heydarieh Azad University participated in the study. The participants were divided into two groups of 21 and 22 on the basis of their proficiency. The book Check Your Vocabulary for Academic English by David Porter (2001) was taught to both groups, and they were told to make some sentences in the class to become familiar with these words; they were requested to work cooperatively in small groups of 3 or 4 in order to have the opportunity to talk more about these words. Fifteen to 20 words were introduced and taught to these students on each session. Then, the participants in the experimental group sent the researcher one text-message containing an original sentence for each word covered in the class. They were also asked to send a text-message containing a sentence to their three predetermined partners. The participants in the control group wrote one sentence using each covered word, and they were also asked to write one sentence to exchange with their three partners and bring their assignments to the class next session. The results of independent samples t-test for the post-test and the delayed post-test showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the initial vocabulary learning and the retention of the vocabulary between the two groups.
What is the impact of video conferencing on the teaching and learning of a foreign language in primary education?
Authors: Gruson Brigitte , Barnes Françoise
Published: October 2021

Under the French national project “1000 video conferencing systems for primary schools”, a growing number of schools are being equipped of video conferencing systems. The assumption underlying this project is that, by putting students in a position to communicate with distant native speakers, it will enable them to improve their oral and socio-cultural skills. Indeed, by giving young learners the possibility to be in direct visual interaction with native speakers, it seems that video conferencing enhances mutual understanding and develops specific skills both on the students' and the teachers' sides. Yet trying to understand to what extent video conferencing affects teaching and learning strategies is not an easy task. This text focuses on video conferencing sessions taking place between young French and English learners as they play a well-known game “Cluedo”. It presents the first results of a study that relies on a collaborative project in which researchers, teacher-trainers and French and English teachers are involved.
“Alimental, querido Watson” – Escape room virtual para la asignatura de Alimentación y Dietética.
Authors: Olaso-GonzÁlez Gloria , Romá-Mateo Carlos , Piqueras Marta
Published: October 2021

“Alimental, querido Watson” es una escape room educativa digital creada para la asignatura optativa “Alimentación y Dietética” del grado en Medicina de la Universitat de València. El objetivo de esta actividad fue mantener la participación y adherencia de los estudiantes a pesar de la impartición de la asignatura mediante clases no presenciales y asíncronas durante el curso 2020/2021. Asimismo, también se pretendía incentivar el aprendizaje mediante la resolución de los diferentes enigmas siempre relacionados con los contenidos de la asignatura. Los resultados recogidos de esta actividad muestran que, efectivamente, se ha conseguido una mayor implicación y satisfacción por parte de los estudiantes participantes, así como un mayor rendimiento académico. Por tanto, nuestra experiencia confirma que el uso de esta herramienta de gamificación docente es de gran utilidad en el grado de medicina.
¿Satisfecho con el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos?
Authors: Romero Inmaculada , Pachés María , Hernández-Crespo Carmen , Sebastiá-Frasquet Mªteresa
Published: October 2021

El Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP) es una metodología de aprendizaje activa que está siendo usada para que los estudiantes aprendan de manera colaborativa y cooperativa, fomentando su motivación y logrando que alcancen un aprendizaje profundo. En esta investigación no nos centramos solamente en si con esta metodología conseguimos lo que deseamos como docentes, y hemos conseguido motivarles, sino también en si los estudiantes se sienten satisfechos.Nuestros resultados demuestran que los estudiantes se sintieron muy satisfechos con esta metodología, como así lo demostró el cuestionario de satisfacción utilizado "Student Evaluation of Educational Quality" (SEEQ).El interés por las asignaturas aumentó y se consiguió motivarles a participar en clase y a trabajar en equipo. Además, los estudiantes consideran que el método de evaluación implícito en la metodología es equitativo, justo y adecuado. Sin embargo, el ABP puede conllevar un aumento de la carga de trabajo y de la dificultad de la asignatura, aspectos que deben tenerse presentes para no sobrecargar al estudiante. La valoración general, que evalúa al profesor, la metodología y la asignatura de manera integral, es extraordinaria.