bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of multi-dimensional training program, using a combination method of TICH and ABA, on improve autistic children's behavior
Authors: Hayati M. , Rezaie Pelleshahi S. , Farrokhi N.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Autistic children could not organize their social life direction and understanding and interpreting other sensation and only achieve so many information by looking others and instinct for creating the best space for achieving success.

Objective

The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a multi-dimensional training program, using a combination of TICH and ABA on improving the behavior of autistic children in the city of Karaj.

Method

The population in this study was all autistic students in a boys exceptional children school in city of Karaj. All participants (n = 16) were randomly assigned in two groups, experimental group (n = 8), and control group (n = 8). This research was carried out experimentally, and multi-dimensional training program was carried out on experimental group in the context of 12 training session for 2 months and two-hour sessions per week. During this time, the control group did not receive any training. In order to collect data the Autism Diagnostic Inventory that was proven its validity and reliability has been used.

The collected data were analyzed with co-variance method.

Result

The results showed that the multi-dimensional training program had significant influence on social and verbal communication skills and the reduction of stereotyped behaviors in autistic children.

Conclusion

Therefore, we can plan a multi-dimensional approach as a comprehensive training program for this group of children and used it weekly as an independent course in autistic children academic schedule.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The relationship between childhood traumas and depression and anxiety in high school students in Turkey
Authors: Sezer G. , Hızlı Sayar G. , Gulmez H.
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between childhood traumas and depression and anxiety levels of high school students in Sakarya. The sample of the present study consisted of 145 students 79 are girls and 66 are boys are chosen from five different school. To measure depression levels of students “Beck Depression Inventory” is used. To measure anxiety levels “Beck Anxiety Inventory” is used. To collect data about childhood traumas “Childhood Trauma Questionnaire” is used. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.00. In result of this study, 86 people had symptoms of depression. And also there is a relationship between depression symptoms and anxiety symptoms. However, there is no relationship between childhood traumas and anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Approach to somatomorphic disorders in children. A case presentation
Authors: Ortega Garcia M.D. , Marti Garnica M.V. , Garcia Marin S. , Lopez Bernal M.A. , Gomez Martinez R. , Martinez Martinez C. , Blanco del Valle P.
Published: June 2017

Description of clinical case

Patient 10-year-old pediatrics sent from service due to history of frequent admissions for recurrent abdominal pain. In the bypass request indicate that this is a patient of perfectionistic traits; detect dysfunctional family dynamics highlighting the rivalry in the phratry, and with an equal difficulty in the field. From 2010 to 2016, he has made more than 30 visits to hospital emergency combined intervention of psychiatry and psychology and multidisciplinary service available with a pediatric surgery and pediatrics is performed.

Exploration and complementary tests

From 2011 to 2016, it has made 44 blood tests, sonograms 9 full abdomen, abdominal renal scintigraphy without significant findings.

Diagnosis

F45.5 pain disorder.

Differential diagnosis

Symptoms due to a medical condition. Other symptoms substance-induced mental disorders: non-specific conversion disorder, pain disorder, hypochondriasis, body dysmorphic disorder, somatization disorder, simulation, factitious disorder, medical symptoms…

Conclusions

Psychosomatic disorders are one of the most common clinical forms of mental disorders in childhood and adolescence expression. Knowing the stages of development and operating characteristics. In clinical practice, mainly in primary care, tend to find an organic cause somatic complaints in children, so prevalence data and/or referral to specialized services vary depending on mental consulted sources is critical to understand the pathogenesis of these disorders.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Communication in ASD – parents as partners for improving language development
Authors: Sun I. , Fernandes F. , Pereira P. , Balestro J.
Published: June 2017

The increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has important consequences to the health and educational systems. The need for specialized care that can improve the chances for a good prognosis must be considered in the research about intervention proposals. Parents can be very important participants in this process. Several intervention programs include the participation of parents but there is relatively little information in the literature about the results of these proposals. This poster will present the results of three different intervention programs with the participation of parents in three different regions of Brazil. In Rio de Janeiro, the parents were instructed about everyday attitudes and interactive management in six monthly group sessions discussing specific issues. In Rio Grande do Sul, specific themes regarding communication awareness and language development were discussed with parents in eight individual sessions conducted once each month. In Sao Paulo, parents were instructed once a week, during ten weeks, about executive functions stimulation. Participants were 18 children and they were all receiving regular speech-language therapy before, during and after the period of instruction to the parents. The results regarding the social-cognitive and communicative performance show a clear effect of the parents’ instruction. Each program's results will be discussed individually but the overall results point out to the value of including parents as partners in language and communication intervention processes.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A technology for providing therapeutic training of children with the anxiety-depressive disorders, comorbid with obesity
Authors: P.T.  , Mykhailova E. , Matkovska T. , Reshetovska N. , Goloborodko A.
Published: June 2017

Background and aims

The study considers the problem of the anxiety-depressive disorders (ADD) in children with concomitant obesity in the context of the search for effective methods of their correction.

Materials and methods

Included 64 children at puberty with the anxiety-depressive disorders, comorbid with obesity. Design comprised: clinicopsychopathological, somatoneurological, psychological monitoring (CDRS-R); the Spielberger, “Me and my illness” and “Man in the Rain” projective drawing tests.

Results

The symptoms of emotional and vegetative tension, depression registered in all studied children.

In the developed model of support, the interventions of primary level are aimed on family and closest encirclement of the child (family psychotherapy, psycho-educational programs for children and their parents). Strategies:

– stressful situation in the family (practical, psychological support and education of parents);

– for relief of depressive and vegetative-anxious symptoms (using art therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy);

– for education of patients in the wider context – quality of life, coping, motivation and modification of inappropriate behaviors (modeling of new cognitions).

The technology includes the diagnosis of the psychosomatic core of the disease, areas of neurotic fixation of the child with ADD and obesity, correction of emotional homeostasis and cognitive imbalance by activation of the personality individual resources as a result using cognitive-behavioral and art-dynamic therapy, as well as a “Control of eating behavior” training program, and solving certain situational problems by a child with the disease.

Conclusion

Our method makes the tactics of psychotherapeutic and psycho-educational intervention at an early stage of the disease.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Handwriting disorders in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD): Exploratory study
Authors: Lopez C. , Hemimou C. , Vaivre-Douret L.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Although more than 85% of children with DCD are affected by handwriting disorders, their characteristics and underlying mechanisms remain poorly known.

Objectives

We aim to better identify the nature of handwriting disorders in subtyping DCD children.

Methods

School children aged between 5 to 15 years and exhibited a DCD (according to DSM-5) are eligible for inclusion. They were classified in three subtypes of DCD: ideomotor (IM), visual-spatial and/or constructional (VSC), and mixed (MX). They were assessed with a standardized handwriting evaluation including quality and speed and a clinical observation of motor gestual developmental and temporal-spatial organization of handwriting highlighting six qualitative criteria: irregular handwriting (criterion 1), immaturity of handwriting gesture (criterion 2), excessive pressure of the pen on the paper (criterion 3), neuro-vegetative responses (criterion 4), trembling (criterion 5), slow handwriting velocity (criterion 6). Two groups are established: children with poor handwriting (PH) and children with dysgraphia (DysG).

Results

While 89% of children have handwriting disorders, only 20% exhibit dysgraphia. IM DCD is characterized by an immaturity of handwriting gesture and is associated with PH. Dysgraphia appears only in VSC and MX DCD which are characterized by the association of criteria 1, 2, 3, and 4. This association appears to more than 80% in DysG. Slow handwriting velocity is constant between PH and DysG.

Conclusion

Immaturity of handwriting gesture is a possible underlying mechanism of poor handwriting. Dysgraphia is associated with specific impairments in spatial organization of letters and in motor control of handwriting gesture.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Ganser's syndrome: A nosographic approach
Authors: Moalla M. , Sellami R. , Feki I. , Hentati S. , Masmoudi J.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Ganser described a peculiar hysterical state, called Ganser's syndrome. This syndrome raises many etiological and psychopathological unresolved issues.

Objectives

This article proposes to present the place of the Ganser's syndrome in the current nosographic framework throw the analyse of a clinical case and a literature review.

Observation

A 28-year-old man was admitted for fugue and memory loss. This symptomatology evolves since three days after an emotional conflict.

He complained from headache. He showed incoherent speech with approximate responses, lability, anxiety, auditory hallucinations, unstructured mild delusional ideation, cognitive difficulties, altered sleep-wake rhythm and anorexia.

Memory gaps were observed with difficulties in abstract thinking.

Symptoms totally regressed after one week under anxiolytic treatment.

Comments

Ganser's syndrome was evoked in the presence of suggestive symptoms: presence of a stressor factor, cardinal symptoms (approximate answers), associated symptoms (hallucinations + confusion + somatoform symptoms) and rapid restitution. Ganser considered this syndrome as a special case of crepuscular state, belonging to hysteria. Ganser's syndrome was included in DSM-III but located in factitious disorders against Ganser's position. In DSM-IV, it was positioned in unspecified dissociative disorders. In DSM-5, its place was reduced to a few words in the end of the introduction of dissociative disorders, and was no longer used as dissociative disorder.

Conclusion

Although Ganser's syndrome is not part of current diagnostic criteria for dissociative disorders, clinical descriptions of Ganser remain of clinical of interest by nosographic questions they have raised, in particular the link between simulation, psychiatric disorder and non psychiatric disorder.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Attention deficiency hyperactivity disorder and Internet addiction comorbidity: A case report
Authors: Cenker Ö.Ç. , Ercan A.C. , Varlik D. Sarikaya , Uyar T.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Internet addiction is a serious problem especially for children and adolescents. It is described by an individual's inability to control the Internet, which causes distress and functional impairment. Internet addiction symptoms can be Internet surfing, computer gaming, chatting and gambling by using Internet. Previous studies regarding Internet addiction can interfere with some psychiatric disorders; such as bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety or attention deficiency disorder (ADHD). Some researchers emphasized that psychiatric disorders and Internet addiction can be seen together and excessive use of the Internet has been associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Case

19 years old male patient discussed in this paper who was admitted to our psychiatric service for the first time in his life, complaining about uncontrollable use of internet. He spent time more than 10 hours/day. His family finally opposed and took his computer from him, just before he got depressive symptoms. We diagnosed him ADHD by using psychometric tests and psychiatric evaluations. After medical therapy and psychotherapy, we discussed changes his psychiatric situations and symptoms.

Discussion

This case emphasized possible relationship between Internet addiction and symptoms of ADHD.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A feasibility randomised controlled trial of extended brief intervention for alcohol misuse in adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities living in the community
Authors: Kouimtsidis C. , Hassiotis A. , Scior K. , Baio G. , Hunter R.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Extended brief interventions (EBIs) are effective in targeting alcohol misuse in the general population. However, little is known on the effects of EBI in adults with intellectual (also known as learning disabilities).

Objectives

In this feasibility trial we compared EBI with usual care for alcohol misuse in adults with mild to moderate intellectual disability (ID).

Methods

The study took place in three community ID services in England. Participants aged 18–65 years with reported alcohol problems, a score > 8 on the alcohol use disorder identification test (AUDIT), and IQ < 70 (+/5% CI) were recruited and were randomly allocated to either EBI (5 weekly sessions and 1 follow-up at 8 weeks) and usual care or usual care alone. Research assessments took place at baseline, two and three months.

Results

Thirty individuals were randomised (15 in each arm). In regard to harmful drinking, at baseline, all the participants exceeded the relevant threshold. At 8 weeks, the proportion of participants with harmful drinking decreased to 60% for both groups, at 12 weeks it was decreased by 66.7% and 46.7% for the intervention and the control group respectively. The unit cost for the delivery of EBI is £ 430.

Conclusions

Recruitment to this trial has been proven challenging as prevalence of alcohol misuse in the targeted population was lower than anticipated. EBI may provide an effective low intensity treatment for this population. Participants’ and carers’ feedback on their experience was overall positive.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychopathological consequences of introducing psychopharmacological treatment in patients with ADH with comorbidrug use. A preliminary study
Authors: Domínguez L.A. Núñez , Ruiz O. Arbeo , Arcos L. Barrado Los
Published: June 2017

Introduction

There exists a high prevalence of SUD among patients suffering ADHD and the consequences of this comorbidity are that AHDH and SUD may exacerbate the outcome of SUD and vice versa. The presence of both disorders increases the risk of chronicity and the level and/or the number of symptoms.

The main objective is to evaluate how the introduction of treatment correlates with a better control of symptoms.

Material and methods

We select a group of patients with both diagnosis treated in a Mental Health Day Center in Pamplona, Spain.

We employ several scales to evaluate the sample: SCL-90, SF-36, Weiss Scale and a Scale of Satisfaction, in three times: at the beginning, one month and three months. We employ urinalysis to detect level and number of substances.

Results

The sample is comprised by 12 patients, main age of 42.6 years. 8 patients are cocaine addicts. The majority received Atomoxetine (main dosage 36.0 mg)

Our data shows an important decrease in the score of Neurotics groups of symptoms and Hostility. We observe a decrease in score of items correlated with physic health and an increase in emotional aspects of daily life.

Eight patients gets abstinence and the punctuation of craving decrease from 21 to 5.2.

The level of satisfaction with treatment was very high.

Conclusions

The psychopharmacological treatment of patients diagnosed of ADHD with comorbid SUD implies a great improvement in the symptomatology and quality of life of the patients, with a low level of craving.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Comorbidity between obsessive-compulsive disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Perestrelo J. , Samico A. , Lapa G.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

The comorbidity between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been discussed for a couple of decades. Reported co-occurrence rates are highly inconsistent in the literature.

Objective

To review phenomenological and theoretical issues concerning concomitant OCD-ADHD.

Aims

Phenomenological and theoretical issues regarding OCD-ADHD comorbidity are reviewed.

Results

Although numerous studies suggest an OCD-ADHD comorbidity, thus far etiological (i.e., genetic) background has been provided only for a pediatric comorbidity. High rates of co-occurrence may be mediated by the existence of tic disorders, and evidence of impaired neuronal maturational processes in OCD pediatric population may lead to probably transitory phenotypical expressions that look like ADHD symptomatology. Thus, it is possible that ADHD-like symptoms resulting from OCD-specific symptomatology may be misdiagnosed as ADHD. This may explain the lower co-occurrence rates reported in adolescents and adults.

Conclusion

OCD and ADHD are very different disorders in terms of pathophysiology, phenomenology, and treatment strategies. Several methodological concerns have been identified in our review. Future studies on OCD-ADHD comorbidity should try to mitigate these biases.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Generalized anxiety disorder comorbidities: Panic and depressive disorder
Authors: Turki M. , Thabet J. Ben , Charfi N. , Mezghanni M. , Bouali M. Maalej , Zouari N. , Zouari L. , Maalej M.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

It has been well documented that generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) can co-occur with mood disorders and other anxious disorders, particularly panic disorder (PD). These comorbidities can complicate therapeutic management and burden the prognosis.

Aim

To highlight the relationship between GAD and panic and depressive disorders.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study, among 250 subjects consulting in 6 primary care units in Sfax, Tunisia. These participants, randomly chosen, were asked to answer a questionnaire after their consent. The diagnosis of GAD and PD were assessed by the “Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview” of the DSM-IV. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the “Beck Depression Inventory” (BDI).

Results

The average age was 39 years. The sex ratio M/F was 1/2.

The GAD was diagnosed in 10.8% of participants. The mean IDB score was 3.8. According to this scale, a mild depression was noted in 23.6%, moderate 12% and severe in 2.8% of cases. The GAD was statistically associated with psychiatric histories (P = 0.009), particularly depression disorder (P = 0.004) and the history of suicide attempt (P < 0.001).

The IDB score was significantly higher in participants with GAD (P < 0.001). Among them, 74% presented moderate to severe depression.

GAD co-occurs with PD in 22.2% of cases. This association was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Participants presenting GAD- PD comorbidity are at higher risk of developing depression (P = 0.003).

Conclusion

One must always think to screen comorbidities in the presence of either diagnosis, in order to ensure a better management.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychiatric hospitals may enhance holistic care by introducing medical and surgical liaison teams
Authors: Sacco R. , Micallef C. , Grech G. , Role C. , Mercieca S. , Grech A.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Patients with mental health problems (MHP) are known to have more physical comorbidities compared to the general population.

In Malta, Mount Carmel hospital (MCH) which is the main psychiatric hospital (consisting of both acute and chronic wards), is separate from Mater Dei hospital (MDH) which is the general hospital at which medical and surgical care is provided.

Such a division in healthcare may result in inadequate focus on physical health amongst patients of high demand in this regard. This subsequently puts an increased strain on the general hospital through repeated referrals.

Objectives

The purpose of this study is to show that inpatients with MHP have a significant number of comorbidities and require multiple referrals to a general hospital for medical and surgical attention.

Methods

Three hundred and ninety-three inpatients at acute and chronic wards of MCH (during the first week of December 2016) were enrolled in the study.

Treatment charts and iSOFT (healthcare IT software used in Malta) were used to determine patient's diagnosed comorbidities, number and type of referrals to MDH outpatient clinics (OPC), casualty and admissions at MDH over 1 year.

Results

Results of the audit indicate that a significant number of inpatients at MCH have medical comorbidities and the majority have been referred to MDH for OPC and casualty over the past year.

Conclusions

Having medical and surgical liaison teams in psychiatric hospitals may enhance patient care and reduce the pressure exerted on general hospitals.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Relationship between borderline personality disorder and migraine
Authors: De Jonge L. , Petrykiv S. , Fennema J. , Arts M.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by pervasive instability in moods, impulsivity, intense and unstable or disturbed interpersonal relationships and self-image, and often self-destructive behaviour. BPD seems to be more common in patients suffering from migraine. However, typical migraine characteristics in this population remain partly unknown.

Objectives & aims

To present the specific clinical characteristics of migraine patients with BPD and to assess their response to migraine treatment.

Methods

We examined 10 patients with migraine and previously diagnosed with BPD (group 1), 10 patients with migraine and no history of BPD (group 2), and 10 patients with migraine and no history of BPD matched to group 1 for age, gender, and frequency of headache. Migraine was treated in group 1 and 3 and pharmacological treatment outcome was assessed after 6 months.

Results

The group of migraine patients with coexisting PBD was associated with female gender, increased prevalence of medication overuse headache, higher rates of self-reported depression, increased migraine-related disability, and a decreased response to pharmacological migraine treatment.

Conclusion

Patients with migraine and previously diagnosed BPD can be regarded as a distinct population. They are more suffering from depressive symptoms, more disabled by their migraine, are more resistant to pharmacological treatment.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Impact of coping strategies on emotional status in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Gassara I. , Thabet J. Ben , Msaad S. , Medhaffar K. , Omri S. , Maalej M. , Charfi N. , Zouari N. , Yaich S. , Zouari L. , Kammoun S. , Maalej M.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common sleep disorder, which leads to higher morbidity, and mortality and can result in various psychological problems, such as depression.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to assess the severity of depression and to examine its relationships with coping strategies in OSAS patients.

Methods

We performed an analytical cross-sectional study of 87 recently diagnosed OSAS patients. Apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was determined by an overnight polysomnography. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Coping strategies were assessed by the brief cope.

Results

Subjects included 38 men and 49 women averaging 55.7 years of age (SD = 11.6) with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 33.8 kg m−2. According to the AHI, 70.1% of the patients had severe OSAS, and 16.1% had moderate OSAS. Depressive symptoms were found in 44.8% of all patients. Emotional coping was used by 72.4%, while problem-focused coping was used by 28.7% of the patients. The score of depression on HADS (HADS-D) showed positive correlation with BMI (r = 0,48; P ≤ 0.001). No significant association was found between HADS-D and AHI. Depressive symptoms were associated with more emotional coping (P = 0.03) and with less problem-focused coping (P = 0.002).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that depression is highly prevalent among patients with OSAS, and that coping style seems to have a significant influence on emotional status in these patients. Further research should explore the possibilities of intervening on this factor, aiming to lessen depressive symptoms in OSAS patients.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Somatogenic depression on cardiovascular disease patients
Authors: Mykhaylov B. , Mykhaylov V. , Kudinova O.
Published: June 2017

In research, based on the systematic approach of evaluating results of complex clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostical investigation myocardial infarction and cerebral stroke patients the clinical structure features, regularities in the formation, development and course of somatogenic depression and associated disorders on these patients was determined. At patients with cardiac infarction in acute period the pain syndrome is the main one, leads to severe psycho-emotional disorders. Against the background of cognitive function preservation phobic, anxiety and depressive symptoms prevail, their intensity depends on the severity of pain. Subsequently, the primary psycho-emotional constituent element disappeared and anxiety-depressive disorders developed along with hypo and anozognostical type of personal condition perception. At cerebral stroke, patient's disorders of level of consciousness were primary with cognitive and asthenic disturbances with subsequent formation of psycho-emotional disorders, anxiety and depressive disorders with hypohondrical elements on the basis of persistent cognitive impairments.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Cognition, disability and quality of life of patients with chronic migraine
Authors: Pompili M. , Corigliano V. , Denise E. , Migliorati M. , Martelletti P. , Girardi P.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Chronic migraine is commonly regarded as one of the most disabling headache conditions. Although there has been some research indicating the severe impact of this chronic headache, there is little comprehensive evidence of its impact on quality of life, disability and cognitive function.

Objectives

The aims of this cross-sectional study were to investigate cognition, disability and quality of life in patients with chronic migraine compared to healthy control subjects.

Methods

Participants were a convenience sample of 58 adult outpatients admitted to Headache Centre of the Sant’Andrea Hospital in Rome (Italy). Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of chronic migraine (illness duration >5 years). Fifty-eight age-matched healthy subjects were recruited as controls. Participants were administered the Mini Mental State Examination, the Italian Perceived Disability Scale (IPDQ), the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) to assess physical and mental health, and the neurocognitive task Visual Perspective Taking (VPT), as a measure of social cognition.

Results

Patients with chronic migraine showed higher perceived disability and poorer well-being compared with healthy controls. No differences were found in global cognitive function and in the performance of the neurocognitive task.

Conclusions

Addressing the burden associated with subjective state of disability and well-being in migraineurs is important because of its association with a worse prognosis and a worse response to treatment. Findings did not confirm the hypothesis that migraneurs are more impaired in social cognition. Further studies are needed to assess different cognitive dimensions in migraneurs, including various measures of social cognition, to better understand neurocognitive profile of this patients’ population.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Self-efficacy of the psychotherapist in the context of supervision
Authors: Šefarová I. , Šlepecký M.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

In the context of the importance of psychotherapy in mental health care the aim of our study is to highlight the importance of supervision as an integral part thereof.

Aim

We analyze the relationship between the assessment of the quality of supervision and the perceived self-efficacy of the psychotherapist as one of the antecedents of decision-making in the psychotherapeutic process. This framework is applied to an empirical study that focuses on psychotherapist's perception of clinical supervision in relationship to professional self-efficacy in the therapeutic process.

Methods

The study was operationalized using the Manchester clinical supervision scale (MCSS), containing a demographic questionnaire, counselor self-efficacy scale–modified version. One hundred and twenty-five psychotherapists with supervisory experience participated in the research, including 67 trainees and 58 graduates of psychotherapy training.

Results

The results show a positive relationship between effective supervision and self-efficacy (r = 0.363; sig = 0.000; n = 125). The participants who attributed higher ratings to supervision and supervision work alliance also assigned higher scores to perceived self-efficacy–although there is a significant relationship among the participants of psychotherapeutic training (r = 0.444; sig = 0.000; n = 67), this relation is not significant among the actual graduates. Based on modeling, rapport was discovered to be the most important predictor of supervision effectiveness assessment.

Conclusions

The results support the merits of supervision in the education of psychotherapists and the importance of investing resources in its regular implementation.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Diabetes mellitus type 2 personality and relations with diabetic chronic complications–Pilot study
Authors: Stoimenova-Popova M. , Valkova M. , Veleva I. , Tumbev L. , Chumpalova P. , Todorov A.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with chronic complications and comorbidities. Psychopathology and personality changes (PCh) are also found in DM. Some authors suggest organic PCh. The aim of our study was to access DM associated PCh and their relations with DM complications, glycemic control (GC) and family history for DM (FH).

Material and methods

We examined 47 patients with DM type 2 (64.65 ± 9.78 years old; 14 males, 33 females; 24 with and 23 without FH, 20 with good, 15 with poor and 12 with very poor GC). All of them underwent somatic and neurological examinations. Blood count and biochemistry, urine analysis, brain computer tomography, electroneurography, electrocardiography and neuropsychological battery were applied. PCh were accessed by Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.

Results

The most frequent PCh were hypochondriasis (Hs, 77%), hysteria (Xy, 74%) and schizoidia (Se; 77%); hypomania was low in 60%; 30% showed low psychasthenia and 49% low psychopatia. High paranoia had 23% and low–15%. Poor GC was associated with cognitive impairment (CI) and high Hs, Xy and Se. Patients with high Hs, Xy and Se showed more frequent diabetic complications (retinopathy, polyneuropathy and nephropathy), comorbidities and CI than those without, even after correction for age, therapy and DM duration. FH was risk factor for PCh.

Conclusions

Patients with DM show specific PCh. High scoring on Hs, Xy and Se scales are associated with poor GC, chronic DM complications, comorbidities and CI. FH is risk factor for PCh.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Emotional expectations reported by hospitalized women in southeastern Brazil before being submitted to mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction: A clinical-qualitative study
Authors: Almeida G.L. , Sena R.M.C. , Alves V.L.P. , Cardoso-Filho C. , Turato E.R.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Breast cancer is a type that more affects female population in the world. Surgical indication, present in most cases, is a mutilating procedure and mentally traumatic for majority of women subjected. Thus, immediate breast reconstruction, which is the choice to rebuild the breast during the mastectomy surgery, is an alternative to reduce discomforts associated with loss of the breast, in addition to being associated potentially with improved emotional and psychosocial quality of life.

Objective

To discuss, from psychological viewpoint, the emotional expectations about surgical results of a planned mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction, reported by women with breast cancer treated in a university hospital in Campinas, state of São Paulo.

Method

Qualitative design, particularized in the clinical-qualitative method, adequate to health assistant settings, using the semi-directed interview with open-ended questions in-depth, fully transcribed and after submitted to content clinical-qualitative analysis. Intentional sample closed by criterion of information theoretical saturation with 12 sequential participants.

Results

Amongst the emergent categories from free-floating readings, we have chosen the following to presentation:.

–The desire of healing above expectations of the aesthetic aspects;

–The perception of the surgical approach predominantly with aesthetic effects;

–The desire of a contra-lateral healthy breast withdrawal, too.

Conclusions

Face the proposal of mastectomy with immediate reconstruction, days before the surgery, women reported to be well emotionally organized for the procedure, although in different ways. This occurs probably due to emotional meanings built by many experiences from their psychological histories, as well as from values provided by the socio-cultural environments.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Depression and cognitive disorders in Behçet's disease and rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Veltishchev D. , Lisitsyna T. , Kovalevskaya O. , Seravina O. , Ishchenko D.
Published: June 2017

Background

Mental disorders (MD), especially depressive, have high rates in rheumatic disorders (RD)–Behçet's Disease (BD) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Depressive and cognitive disorders have close pathogenesis interrelations with RD.

Objective

To compare the variants of MD in BD and RA-patients.

Methods

Two hundred and twenty-five (100 BD and 125 RA) inpatients were enrolled in the study. In BD patients prevailed men (70%) in RA–women (77%). MD were diagnosed in accordance with the ICD-10 in semi-structured interview. For evaluation of severity and the variants of cognitive disorders psychology and neuropsychological methods were used.

Results

MD were diagnosed in the majority of patients (86%), significantly more often (P < 0001) in RA (94%) versus (vs) BD (79%) patients. The depressive disorders dominated (BD–100%, RA–93%). The chronic and recurrent depressive disorders prevailed in both groups : in RA more often than in BD patients (58.4% vs 39.2%, P = 0.003). Cognitive disorders of different severity were diagnosed in most patients with BD and RA (73% vs 66.4%, n/s). The mechanical memory (63%) and attention deficit (72%) in BD and impairment of associative memory (90%) and logical thinking (71%) in RA were the most frequent manifestations of cognitive disorders.

Conclusion

The results have shown high rates of MD, especially chronic depression and cognitive disorders in BD and RA patients. The necessity of interdisciplinary strategy implementation for the improvement of individualized treatment approaches in RD has been confirmed.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Mental health consequences of bride kidnapping in the Kyrgyz republic
Authors: Molchanova E. , Galako T.
Published: June 2017

The consequences of gender-based violence (GBV) in the Kyrgyz Republic have often remained outside of both police officers’ and mental health care specialists’ attention. Statistical data on gender-based violence in the Kyrgyz Republic are underestimated, given that the majority of victims prefer not to seek help at all. One of the types of GBV in the Kyrgyz Republic is bride kidnapping, which is still very popular in rural areas of the state. Brides, that were kidnapped, present common behaviors and symptoms, such as an submissiveness, idealization of a husband, numbing, permanent desire to please a mother-in-law and other relatives of higher status in the family. Problems with the urogenital system, such as signs of urethritis and cystitis, vaginal itching, menstrual irregularities are also very common among daughters-in-law who were brutally kidnapped and had been experiencing violence from members of their families. Authors present an algorithm of dealing with the problem, which has been already implemented as a pilot project in one of the regions of the state.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Major depressive disorder history among patients who sought blepharoplasty operation in a private ophthalmology hospital in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Nagui Rizk D. , Abo Ghanima M.
Published: June 2017

Background

Much attention has focused on body dysmorphic disorder among patients undergoing plastic surgeries, but there has been little evaluation of their past history of major depressive disorder (MDD).

Aim

To estimate the prevalence rate of past history of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in patients undergoing Blepharoplasty operation in a private ophthalmology hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Methods

All patients who have undergone blepharoplasty operation during the period from 5 April to 4 October 2016 (6 months) were included. Previous psychiatric history was taken from the patients by psychiatric assessment and self-assessment questionnaire, diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) confirmed previously by consultant psychiatrists in patients’ health records was included.

Results

One hundred and forty-eight persons undergone blepharoplasty in the hospital from 5 April to 4 October 2016. They were 89 females (60%) and 59 males (40%). Among those 148 persons, 10 patients were previously diagnosed with major depressive disorder by consultant psychiatrists with a percentage of 6.8% where 5 were females (5.6% of 89 females) and 5 were males (8.5% of 59 males).

Conclusions

The number of individuals who present for blepharoplasty operation with a history of Major Depressive disorder needs to take a special consideration. A link between MDD and cosmetic operation decision should be further studied.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The onset, course and resolution of depressive symptomatology in chronic hepatitis C patients on pegylated interferon alpha: A 72-week prospective study
Authors: Pavlovic Z. , Jasovic-Gasic M. , Delic D. , Maric N. , Vukovic O. , Pejovic S. , Mihaljevic M. , Andric S. , Jovicic M.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Treatment with pegylated interferon alpha (PEG-IFN-α) in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is associated with depressive symptomatology more frequently than other inflammatory diseases treated with PEG-IFN-α.

Objectives

To prospectively evaluate the onset, course and resolution of depressive symptomatology in CHC patients treated with PEG-IFN-α.

Methods

Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) was used to asses depressive symptoms in 103 subjects with CHC prior to initiation of PEG-IFN-α (mean dose 152.6 ± 25.6 mcg; duration of therapy 48 weeks) and at the follow-up visits (4th, 12th, 24th, 48th and 72th week). Control group consisted of 103 CHC subjects, without PEG-IFN-α.

Results

Our results showed a significant increase in HAMD scores as early as in the 4th week of PEG-IFN-a therapy compared to HAMD scores prior to initiation of PEG-IFN-α (38.8% vs. 24.3%). The peak of depressive symptomatology was evidenced in the 12th week (mean HAMD 9.34 ± 6.93), when almost 50% of patients had HAMD above 7. At the end of the treatment (48th week), 38.8% had HAMD above 7, and in the 72nd week (24 weeks after the therapy completion) prevalence of depression was decreased to the values lower than at baseline (23.3% vs. 24.3%). No change in prevalence of depression was detected in control group.

Conclusion

Our results are important because they show the overall course of depressive symptomatology during the interferon therapy. These data also show spontaneously resolution of depression 6 months after the completion of PEG-IFN-α. This study is the longest study in this area.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Shame traumatic memories and body image shame in Binge Eating Disorder: Can memories of warmth and safeness buffer this link?
Authors: Duarte C. , Pinto-Gouveia J.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Growing research show that body image-related shame plays a particularly important role in the vulnerability to and persistence of Binge eating symptoms. Also, shame experiences from childhood and adolescence were found to function as traumatic memories and are significantly associated with eating psychopathology. Nonetheless, little is known about the effect of shame traumatic memories in Binge Eating Disorder (BED), and whether early positive emotional memories of warmth and safeness may buffer against the impact of shame memories on body image shame.

Aims

This study examined the moderator effect of positive emotional memories on the association between shame traumatic memories and current body image shame in women diagnosed with BED.

Methods

Participants (N = 109) were assessed through the eating disorder examination and the shame experiences interview, and answered to self-report measures assessing the traumatic features of a key shame memory, positive emotional memories s and body image shame.

Results

Body image-related experiences were most frequently recalled as significant shame memories. Positive emotional memories were negatively associated with shame traumatic memories and body image shame, and had a significant moderator effect on the association between shame traumatic memories and current body image shame.

Conclusions

This study was the first to demonstrate that early shame experiences may contribute for BED patients’ shame based on their body image. Data suggest that the access to memories of early feelings of affiliation and safeness may be key to tone down negative affect. These findings have important implications for the conceptualization and treatment of BED.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Alexithymia, recognition of facial emotion and inference in patients with Eating Disorders (ED) or Substance Abuse Disorders (SAD)
Authors: Gambaro E. , Lorenzo M. , Gramaglia C. , Girardi L. , Delicato C. , Gitana S. , Bert F. , Feggi A. , Zeppegno P.
Published: June 2017

Alexythimia is a psychological construct characterized by difficulty describing emotions and distinguishing them from somatic components of the emotional activation. Patients with eating disorders (ED) or substance use disorders (SAD) commonly present also impairment of recognition of facial expressions and deficits in social inference. Patients with ED and SAD may present impulsiveness, difficulty in emotion-focused coping skills, and search for a concrete relief from psychological suffering. The purpose of study is to compare the ED, SAD and healthy controls (HC), in several variables, including Alexythimia, empathy, and ability to recognize emotions, social inference. Thirty-two patients with ED, 27 patients with SAD and 31 HC were recruited between September 2016 and April 2016 at the psychiatric ward of Novara Hospital, nursing home of Nebbiuno and the nursing home of Viverone. We administrated to patients the same battery of tests, composed by Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20), Facial Emotion Identification Test (FEIT), the awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT), temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), Symptoms Checklist-90 (SCL-90). The two clinical groups showed differences in TAS, FEIT and TASIT, highlighting Alexythimic tracts, difficulty in recognizing emotions and deficit of social inference, compared to HCs. The TCI and SCL-90 have also highlighted the common psychopathological characteristics and temperamental in patients with ED and SAD. Alexythimia is particularly represented in patients with ED and SAD, and could represent a maintenance factor, together with deficits in emotions recognition and social inference. The similarities between ED and TD seem to suggest the possibility of shared core features.

Disclosure of interest

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.