bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing Geopolymer Concrete Properties by Using Nanomaterials and Steel Fibers
Authors: Rabiaa E. , Mohamed R. A. S. , Sofi W. H. , Tawfik Taher A.
Published: July 2020

This research investigates the simultaneous impact of two different types of steel fibers, nanometakaolin, and nanosilica on the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete (GPC) mixes. To achieve this aim, different geopolymer concrete mixes were prepared. Firstly, with and without nanomaterials (nanosilica and nanometakaolin) of 0, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% from ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) were used. Secondly, steel fiber (hooked end and crimped) content of (0, 0.5%, 1, and 1.5%) was used. Thirdly, optimum values of nanomaterials with the optimum values of steel fiber were used. Crimped and hooked‐end steel fibers were utilized with an aspect ratio of 60 and a length of 30 mm. Geopolymer mixes were manufactured by using a constant percentage of alkaline activator to binder proportion equal to 0.45 with GGBFS cured at ambient conditions. For alkaline activator, sodium hydroxide molar (NaOH) and sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) were used according to a proportion (Na2SiO3/NaOH) of 2.33. The hardened concrete tests were performed through the usage of splitting tensile strength, flexural, and compressive experiments to determine the impact of steel fibers, nanometakaolin, and nanosilica individually and combined on performance of GPC specimens. The results illustrated that using a mix composed of the optimum steel fibers (1% content) accompanied by an optimum percentage of 6% nanometakaolin or 4% nanosilica demonstrated a significant enhancement in the mechanical properties of GPC specimens compared to all other mixtures. Besides, the impact of using nanomaterials individually was found to be predominant on compressive strength on GPC specimens especially with the usage of the optimum values. However, using nanomaterials individually compared to using the steel fibers individually was found to have approximately the same splitting tensile strength and flexural performance.
Inhibition of miR-17~92 Cluster Ameliorates High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Damage
Authors: Fan Xiaobao , Hao Zhiming , Li Zhenjiang , Wang Xiaoming , Wang Jing
Published: July 2020

The loss and damage of podocytes is an early feature of diabetic nephropathy (DN). The miR-17∼92 cluster was dysregulated in diabetic and polycystic kidney disease patients, but its role in DN is unclear. Hence, anin vitrostudy on the high glucose- (HG-) treated mouse podocytes (MPC5) was designed to elucidate the effect of miR-17∼92 cluster downregulation on cell viability, apoptosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and podocyte function. The results suggested that the miR-17∼92 cluster members miR-17-5p, miR-18a, miR-19a, miR-19b, miR-20a, and miR-92a were upregulated in the renal biopsy tissue of DN patients and HG-treated MPC5. The downregulation of the miR-17∼92 cluster effectively suppressed the cell apoptosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and podocyte dysfunction in HG-stimulated MPC5 cells. The bioinformatics analysis and rescue experiments showed that ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1) is an effector of the miR-17~92 cluster. Silence of ABCA1 inhibited the protective effect of the miR-17∼92 cluster downregulation on podocyte damage. In summary, this research indicated that the downregulation of the miR-17∼92 cluster ameliorates HG-induced podocyte damage via targeting ABCA1.
An SETM Algorithm for Combating SSDF Attack in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Tephillah S. , Manickam J. Martin Leo
Published: July 2020

Security is a pending challenge in cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) as it employs a common channel and a controller. Spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attacks are challenging as different types of attackers use them. To address this issue, the sifting and evaluation trust management algorithm (SETM) is proposed. The necessity of computing the trust for all the secondary users (SUs) is eliminated based on the use of the first phase of the algorithm. The second phase is executed to differentiate the random attacker and the genuine SUs. This reduces the computation and overhead costs. Simulations and complexity analyses have been performed to prove the efficiency and appropriateness of the proposed algorithm for combating SSDF attacks.
Dosimetric and Radiobiological Comparison of Five Techniques for Postmastectomy Radiotherapy with Simultaneous Integrated Boost
Authors: Tang Du , Liang Zhan , Guan Fada , Yang Zhen
Published: July 2020

Purpose. To compare five techniques for the postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB). Materials and Methods. Twenty patients with left‐sided breast cancer were retrospectively selected. Five treatment plans were created for each patient: TomoDirect (TD), unblocked helical TomoTherapy (unb‐HT), blocked HT (b‐HT), hybrid intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (hy‐IMRT), and fixed‐field IMRT (ff‐IMRT). A dose of 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions to PTVtotal and 60.2 Gy in 28 fractions to PTVboost were prescribed. The dosimetric parameters for targets and organs at risk (OARs), the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP), the second cancer complication probability (SCCP) for OARs, and the treatment efficiency were assessed and compared. Results. TD plans and hy‐IMRT plans had similar good dose coverage and homogeneity for both PTVboost and PTVtotal and superior dose sparing for the lungs and heart. The ff‐IMRT plans had similar dosimetric results for the target volumes compared with the TD and hy‐IMRT plans, but gave a relatively higher NTCP and SCCP for the lungs. The unb‐HT plans exhibited the highest OAR mean dose, highest NTCP for the lungs (0.97 ± 1.25‰) and heart (4.58 ± 3.62%), and highest SCCP for the lungs (3.57 ± 0.05%) and contralateral breast (2.75 ± 0.29%) among all techniques. The b‐HT plans significantly outperformed unb‐HT plans with respect to the sparing of the lungs and heart. This technique also showed the best conformity index (0.73 ± 0.08) for PTVboost and the optimal NTCP for the lungs (0.03 ± 0.03‰) and heart (0.61 ± 0.73%). Concerning the delivery efficiency, the hy‐IMRT and ff‐IMRT achieved much higher delivery efficiency compared with TomoTherapy plans. Conclusion. Of the five techniques studied, TD and hy‐IMRT are considered the preferable options for PMRT with SIB for left‐sided breast cancer treatment and can be routinely applied in clinical practice.
An Integrated TK-TD Model for Evaluation of Radix Aconitikusnezoffii (RAK)
Authors: Miao Xin , Bu Ren , Liu Yang , Li Bing , Zhang Xiaofei , Xing Haiyan , Li Gang
Published: July 2020

Objective: An integrated TK-TD model with indirect response to toxicity was established using ADAPT 5 to evaluate abnormal heart rate (HR) and QT interval changes caused by Radix Aconitikusnezoffii (RAK). Methods: Plasma samples were collected from male SD rats, which were divided into the blank and RAK groups. HR and QT interval indicators were recorded. Four alternative TK models were analyzed, and the best fitting model was determined. An indirect toxicodynamics model was selected, and the relationship of plasma concentration-time-toxicity was linked by Hill’s equation. Results: A 1-compartment linear first-order elimination kinetic model with the biophase model – an indirect toxic effect response model – best described the data. The high-dose QT interval was evaluated. Model simulation with the ML method showed that the fitting values of 0–15 h all fell within the confidence interval (95%). AMOS analysis showed that almost all the load factor of the variable was >0.7, and the χ2 value was 4.169 indicating a significant difference. Load factor (correlation coefficient) between the HR and QT intervals was −0.965, indicating negative correlation. Conclusions: The integrated TK-TD model with linear atrioventricular first-order elimination kinetics and indirect response represents a novel mathematical method to evaluate drug-induced changes in HR and QT.
Iron Homeostasis and Ferritin in Sepsis-Associated Kidney Injury
Authors: McCullough Kayla , Bolisetty Subhashini
Published: July 2020

Sepsis associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a common clinical syndrome that occurs among hospitalized patients and significantly impacts mortality. Furthermore, survival after sepsis is intricately dependent on recovery of kidney function. In this review, we discuss the role of iron imbalance in mediating the pathogenic events during sepsis. Intracellular ferritin serves as a repository for iron and prevents iron-mediated injury and may limit the availability of iron to pathogens. Circulating levels of ferritin also increase during sepsis and often correlate with severity of sepsis. Herein, we examine preclinical and clinical data and discuss recent findings that suggest immunomodulatory roles for ferritin. We also discuss the possible mechanistic roles for ferritin in mitigating the pathogenic sequelae of sepsis and highlight current gaps in knowledge.
Role of Nitric Oxide in the Change of 5-Hydroxytryptamine Synthesis in the Intestine by a Consecutive Administration of Methotrexate to Rats
Authors: Machida Takuji , Inotani Akari , Shiga Saki , Kon Shuto , Yanada Takumi , Kobayashi Hiroya , Hamaue Naoya , Hirafuji Masahiko , Iizuka Kenji
Published: July 2020

This study aimed to investigate whether the consecutive administration of methotrexate affects 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) synthesis in the rat small intestine. Rats received methotrexate at a dose of 12.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally on 4 consecutive days. NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) was given subcutaneously to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) synthase. Methotrexate moderately altered 5-HT synthesis, whereas the combined administration of methotrexate and L-NAME significantly changed 5-HT synthesis in the rat ileal tissue. These results suggest that endogenous NO has an antagonistic role in the induction of 5-HT synthesis in rats following the consecutive administration of methotrexate.
Charcot-Leyden Crystal Protein in Nasal Secretions of Patients with Nonallergic Rhinitis with Eosinophilia Syndrome
Authors: Zhang Min , Yan Bing , Wang Yang , Wang Chengshuo , Zhang Luo
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Charcot-Leyden crystal (CLC) protein has been regarded as a hallmark of eosinophilic inflammation. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and levels of CLC protein in patients with nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome (NARES). Methods: Overall, 39 NARES patients and 19 controls were recruited. The severity of nasal symptoms was measured by visual analogue scale and serum and local specific immunoglobulin E were determined in all patients. Nasal eosinophilia was assessed by semiquantitative analysis of eosinophils in nasal scrapings. Nasal secretion CLC protein concentrations were evaluated by ELISA. Results: CLC protein concentrations were significantly higher in NARES patients than in controls (p < 0.0001). Nasal secretion CLC protein levels were significantly correlated with the degree of eosinophilia in nasal scrapings (rs = 0.331; p = 0.04) in NARES patients. Patients with high CLC protein concentrations displayed more severe nasal symptoms than patients with low CLC protein concentrations (p = 0.0080), particularly, nasal itching (p = 0.0029). Pilot study in 8 NARES patients demonstrated that treatment for 1 month with intranasal fluticasone propionate significantly decreased the nasal secretion CLC protein concentrations from baseline levels (p = 0.0335) and markedly attenuated the degree of swelling of inferior turbinate. Conclusions: CLC protein levels are significantly higher in nasal secretions of NARES patients and associated with the degree of nasal eosinophilia and the severity of nasal symptoms. Significantly, nasal secretion CLC protein levels obviously decreased after treatment with intranasal corticosteroids, suggesting its possible role in evaluating the medical treatment.
O TEMPO COMO UM TRAÇO DE UNIÃO ENTRE A SOCIEDADE E SUA HISTÓRIA
Authors: Teixeira Ravena Olinda
Published: July 2020

O presente texto é uma breve análise do conceito de tempo na qual pretendemos demonstrar que existem duas maneiras possíveis de ressignificá-lo dentro da filosofia espinosana. Em princípio, abordaremos o caráter ontológico desse conceito ressaltando que o tempo não passa de um produto da nossa imaginação e, por consequência, é possível interpretar Espinosa como um profundo crítico da ideia de tempo mensurável. Nessa perspectiva, o autor propõe aos homens que se libertem da percepção temporal, por meio de um processo de correção do intelecto, para compreender todas as coisas sob uma perspectiva da eternidade. No entanto, há outra possibilidade de leitura que garante ao tempo um papel mais significativo tanto na vida particular quanto na construção da sociedade, bem como na relação da mesma com a sua história, ou seja, com a evolução da consciência coletiva e com a manutenção do bem comum.
HISTÓRIA, PERFECTIBILIDADE E DEVIR EM VOLTAIRE E ROUSSEAU – ENTRE SOCIEDADES CIVILIZADAS E SELVAGENS
Authors: Moreira Leonardo Oliveira
Published: July 2020

Aqui, privilegiam-se duas abordagens. De um lado, uma abordagem de Ilustração e História, de Maria das Graças de Souza, como orientação para se aproximar e se problematizar os modos de concepção da história em Voltaire e Rousseau a partir “das imagens sobre (...) o povo americano”. De outro, a abordagem – pelas vias de uma leitura enviesada – de Claude Lefort (em As formas da história e Desafios da escrita política no sentido de se problematizar a história pela ótica do devir das sociedades selvagens.
THE LIFE OF VOLTAIRE, WRITTEN BY CONDORCET, OR ABOUT THE ROLE OF THE PHILOSOPHER
Authors: Santos Rodison Roberto
Published: July 2020

This article aims the analysis of Voltaire’s works, in the book “Voltaire’s Life”, written by Condorcet, when Voltaire’s complete works were published in 1789. Condorcet in this book specifically discusses the works of the philosopher and its repercussions, that is, he shows how Voltaire used his pen to promote a kind of struggle against injustice, prejudice and disrespect for natural rights. Condorcet, in writing the book, mirrors the way he draws inspiration for his work both as philosopher and as political during the events of the French Revolution. This discussion of the work of Voltaire pointed out also that Condorcet shows, in a way, his vision of how to be a philosopher, what is his role facing the challenges of his time and how one should act to combat the ills present among men.
DO MODELO À AÇÃO: A POLÍTICA EM SÊNECA E O ELOGIO DA FILOSOFIA
Authors: Bueno Taynam Santos Luz
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo, pretendemos demonstrar que o estoicismo não é uma filosofia apartada da ação política mas, ao contrário, trata-se de uma corrente filosófica comprometida com a esfera pública. Buscamos, ao exaltar o papel exercido pela filosofia na formação política dos homens comuns, analisar o pensamento de Sêneca tendo em vista a relação estabelecida entre a figura modelar do sapiens estoico e o ofício do filósofo na construção de um campo de ação político.
FILOSOFIA DA HISTÓRIA E DIREITO EM KANT
Authors: Braga Junior Antonio Djalma
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma discussão inicial da Filosofia da História de Kant e sua relação com o Direito, tal como compreender e analisar o que julgamos ser um aspecto central deste filósofo alemão: o fato de que a liberdade está por trás do progresso da humanidade. Defender esta centralidade nos leva ao problema que pretendemos investigar durante a execução deste trabalho: a que tipo de liberdade e que tipo de progresso podemos nos referir no pensamento de Kant ao proferirmos tal afirmação? Um estudo da liberdade no âmbito de uma Filosofia da História faz com que nos deparemos com algumas premissas, como por exemplo a ideia de que a história da humanidade está sempre em uma ascensão do mais primitivo para o mais civilizado dos mundos; ou de que estamos em uma ascensão à paz perpétua e ao esclarecimento; de que caminhamos rumo a uma vida cosmopolita. Tais premissas nos revelam, de antemão, uma noção de liberdade e, diante disso, vemos que estas prerrogativas iniciais nos levam a crer que a humanidade se encontra em um contínuo progresso que tem em sua base um ideal de liberdade. Com efeito, mediante pesquisa bibliográfica, vamos examinar neste artigo apenas uma das inúmeras formas de interpretar a Filosofia da História de Kant, procurando analisar a tese de que a liberdade humana, em seu sentido externo, se encontra em um contínuo progresso, podendo visualizar-se a partir da ótica do Direito.
EXEMPLO E VEROSSIMILHANÇA: OS USOS DA HISTÓRIA NO PRIMEIRO DISCURSO DE J-J ROUSSEAU
Authors: Lourenço Júnior Ciro
Published: July 2020

Uma das principais críticas ao Discurso sobre as ciências e as artes foi acerca do uso dos dados históricos na fundamentação da sua tese. E mesmo recentemente asseverou-se sobre os “fracos argumentos históricos” de Rousseau nesta obra. Diante disso, pretendemos questionar tal perspectiva de modo a salientar um tratamento filosófico da história pretendido por Rousseau, sendo que, primeiramente, partindo de um esclarecimento acerca da concepção de “induções históricas” no contexto do Discurso, introduzimos o conceito de verossimilhança como produto da relação entre causa e efeito, verificada não a partir dos fatos isolados, mas das relações entre os homens. Desta forma, concentrando-se nas ações descritas pelos historiadores, Rousseau não visa a verdade dos fatos, mas os princípios morais que amparavam essas ações. Assim, concluímos com a concepção de uma “história exemplar”, essencial para o desenvolvimento ulterior do pensamento moral rousseauniano.
BAYLE E HOLBALCH: PRINCÍPIOS E FUNDAMENTOS DE UMA ETNOCRACIA
Authors: Primo Marcelo de Sant’Anna Alves
Published: July 2020

Nossa contribuição a esta homenagem mais do que merecida à professora Maria das Graças de Souza por todas as suas pesquisas e todos os seus trabalhos acadêmicos concernentes ao pensamento filosófico dos séculos XVI, XVII e XVIII será a reflexão sobre o estabelecimento dos princípios e fundamentos de um governo etocrático em Pierre Bayle e Barão d’Holbach. Este último, apesar de ser o inventor do termo “Etocracia”, em sua obra Ethocratie ou le Gouvernement fondé sur la morale, que remete a um regime governamental estritamente apoiado sobre os princípios da moral, tem seus antecedentes teóricos já nos escritos de Pierre Bayle, principalmente na Continuation des pensées diverses sur la comète e na Réponse aux quéstions d’un provincial, já que o filósofo de Carla defendia a política separada da religião e, já antes do Barão, uma esfera política ateia. Nesse sentido, nosso trabalho pretende explorar as aproximações entre os autores no tocante à questão proposta.
O ringue de Iúli Daniel
Authors: Darmaros Marina
Published: July 2020

Iúli Daniel nunca se considerou poeta, como relembra seu filho, Aleksandr, em introdução a este artigo. Mas, durante os cinco anos entre o cárcere e o gulag, o tradutor dedicou-se a uma produção autoral que resultou na publicação de uma coletânea de poemas, entre eles, “O ringue”, aqui vertido do russo ao português pela primeira vez, apesar de sua figura ter ganhado alguma repercussão no Brasil ainda nos anos 1960, quando de sua prisão.
"Aos kinocs do sul", Dziga Viértov
Authors: Labaki Luis Felipe
Published: July 2020

O texto traduzido a seguir é uma carta escrita pelo cineasta Dziga Viértov em março de 1925, quando ele já completava quase sete anos de trabalho na “frente do cinema não atuado” da Rússia soviética.
A Revolução por outro olhar
Authors: Vinha Márcia Pileggi
Published: July 2020

Tradução do russo para o português de trecho do diário de Ivan Búnin, Dias Malditos. Após introdução sobre o autor e sua obra, o artigo discute o processo de tomada de decisão por parte do tradutor, descrevendo questões como a opção pelo emprego de notas de rodapé e contaminação do texto na língua de chegada.
Comentário ao Posfácio de Liev Tolstói a sua novela "A Sonata a Kreutzer"
Authors: Quintero Natalia
Published: July 2020

O trabalho que segue é a apresentação de uma proposta de tradução direta do russo para o português do posfácio, até agora, inédito no Brasil, que Liev Tolstói escreveu para sua obra A Sonata a Kreutzer. A tradução está precedida por um comentário em que mostramos a importância que o próprio Tolstói deu a esse trabalho, e de que maneira esse texto traz respostas do autor aos questionamentos dos leitores acerca da abstinência sexual pregada pelo protagonista de sua novela. Salientamos a importância que tem o conceito tolstoiano de “ideal”, não apenas como chave de leitura da obra, senão como ideia estrutural do conceito de amor universal que percorre toda a obra artística e o pensamento do autor russo.
"Minha Ordem Doméstica", uma tradução
Authors: Barbosa Melissa Teixeira Siqueira , Américo Ekaterina Vólkova
Published: July 2020

Tradução comentada de conto de Anton Tchékhov publicado pela primeira vez em 1886 e assinado sob pseudônimo.
O dândi vaidoso de "Uma história desagradável", de Dostoiévski: aspectos poéticos e tradutórios
Authors: Marques Priscila Nascimento
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo aborda aspectos poéticos e da tradução do conto Uma história desagradável, de Fiódor Mikháilovitch Dostoiévski, publicado originalmente em 1862 na revista O Tempo, e em primeira tradução direta para o português pela Editora 34 em 2016 (DOSTOIÉVSKI, 2016). Inicialmente serão apresentados elementos do enredo e do contexto que circundam a narrativa, particularmente a forte estratificação social russa e o período das reformas do tsar Alexandre II. A seguir, são elencados aspectos poéticos do conto, escolhidos por serem característicos da obra em questão. Em primeiro lugar será comentada a dramaticidade da prosa dostoievskiana, já observada pela crítica (VÁSSINA, 2008), mas que será complementada e ponderada por uma análise do papel do narrador neste texto. A seguir, serão tratadas a elaboração poética da linguagem (cf. SCHNAIDERMAN, 1982) e o humor, aspecto menos privilegiados pela crítica do romancista. Por fim, serão comentados alguns momentos da tradução – uso de notas, adaptações e tradução do título –, reforçando a ideia de que cada escolha reflete a necessidade de ajustes conforme a língua de chegada e uma interpretação consistente da obra.
"Crime e Castigo" em reflexos: uma análise comparativa das traduções direta e indireta
Authors: Américo Ekaterina Vólkova , Barbosa Melissa Teixeira Siqueira
Published: July 2020

É bem provável que o romance Crime e Castigo (1866) de Fiódor Dostoiévski seja a obra da literatura russa mais conhecida no mundo todo. Apesar de diversas edições do romance terem circulado no Brasil na primeira metade do século XX, a primeira tradução verdadeiramente brasileira, assinada por Rosário Fusco, foi publicada apenas em 1949. Ao comparar a tradução indireta, feita por Rosário Fusco a partir do texto em francês, com a primeira tradução direta, realizada por Paulo Bezerra e publicada em 2001, confirmamos um amaneiramento geral do texto original na versão indireta, bem como cortes e alterações de estilo e paragrafação.
“Sobre o rumo da literatura de revista nos anos de 1834 e 1835”: tradução do polêmico artigo de N. V. Gógol na revista “O Contemporâneo”, de A. S. Púchkin
Authors: Vitorino Fabrício Yuri de S.
Published: July 2020

Em 1836, a revista “O Contemporâneo”, de A. S. Púchkin, publica um ácido e extremamente crítico artigo apócrifo. Creditado tardiamente a Nikolai Vassílievitch Gógol, “Sobre o rumo da literatura de revista nos anos de 1834 e 1835” apresenta o cenário da crítica literária da época. Neste artigo, a primeira parte do longo texto é apresentada em tradução direta do original, em russo.
Cidades traduzidas: Moscou e São Petersburgo
Authors: Americo Edelcio
Published: July 2020

O objetivo do presente trabalho é trazer duas traduções do russo para o português: Notas petersburguesas, escrita por Nikolai Gogol em 1836, e Dois caráteres, irmão e irmã, de 1841, escrita por Mikhail Zagóskin.
Contos selecionados de Evguêni Kharitónov
Authors: Oliveira Yuri Martins de
Published: July 2020

Tradução comentada dos contos “Um morador escreveu um requerimento” e “Traição-80”, de Evguêni Kharitónov, inéditos em português até a presente data.
Apresentação
Authors: Darmaros Marina
Published: July 2020

Uma das maiores autoridades na literatura produzida na era Stálin, Evguêni Dobrenko disse, em entrevista recente ao jornalista e tradutor brasileiro indicado ao Jabuti Irineu Franco Perpetuo, que “antes, retirava-se da literatura tudo que parecia antissoviético. Hoje, ao contrário, afasta-se tudo que é soviético. Uma censura substitui a outra”.
“Do infrarrealismo ao real visceralismo: Bolaño e a autocrítica de um marginal”, de Ainhoa Vásquez Mejías
Authors: Nogueira Camila Pereira
Published: July 2020

O artigo indaga acerca da poética do movimento mexicano “Infrarrealista”, assim como suas principais influências estéticas e literárias, tanto nacionais como internacionais. Para isso se analisa o romance de Roberto Bolaño: Os Detetives Selvagens, como uma reescrita autocrítica que o autor realiza ao seu próprio projeto poético vários anos depois que este fracassara em sua tentativa de aliar arte e vida.
Uma poética transgressora: tradução de três poemas de Lydda Franco Farías
Authors: Martínez Valentina Figuera , Junkes Diana
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo, apresentamos a tradução comentada de três poemas de Lydda Franco Farías, poeta venezuelana cuja voz lírica destaca pelo tom questionador, intimista, irónico e burlesco dos seus versos, desafiantes da sociedade patriarcal. Os três poemas foram publicados originalmente nos livros Poemas circunstanciales (1965) e Una (1985), bem como incluídos na Antologia poética (2005) posteriormente editada da sua obra. Respaldadas nas propostas de Haroldo de Campos sobre tradução, labor que demanda uma constante tensão, desconstrução, invenção, reinvenção e reposição de signos do texto original, nos propusemos preservar os recursos literários de cada poema, não deixando de adaptar alguns elementos para dar sentido em português ao eu lírico da poeta.
Aquém das fronteiras: a produção e a tradução literária de autoras latino-americanas
Authors: Milton John , Franco Telma
Published: July 2020

À Marielle Franco, in memoriam.
Efficacy and Safety of Bempedoic Acid in Patients With Hypercholesterolemia: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Di Minno Alessandro , Lupoli Roberta , Calcaterra Ilenia , Poggio Paolo , Forte Francesco , Spadarella Gaia , Ambrosino Pasquale , Iannuzzo Gabriella , Di Minno Matteo Nicola Dario
Published: July 2020

Background

Bempedoic acid (
BA
) is a novel lipid‐lowering drug. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis on efficacy and safety of
BA
compared with standard treatment in patients with hypercholesterolemia.

Methods and Results

Studies were systematically searched in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and
EMBASE
databases. Efficacy outcome was represented by percentage changes (mean difference [
MD
] with pertinent 95%
CIs
) in total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, non–
high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol
, and hs‐CRP (high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein) in
BA
patients and controls. Seven studies were included (2767
BA
‐treated patients and 1469 controls), showing a more significant reduction in
low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol
(
MD
, −17.5%; 95%
CI
, −22.9% to −12.0%),
total cholesterol
(
MD
, −10.9%; 95%
CI
, −13.3% to −8.5%), non–
high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol
(
MD,
−12.3%; 95%
CI
, −15.3% to −9.20%), apolipoprotein B (
MD
, −10.6%; 95%
CI
, −13.2% to −8.02%), and hs‐CRP (
MD
, −13.2%; 95%
CI
, −16.7% to −9.79%) in
BA
‐treated patients compared with controls. Results were confirmed when separately analyzing studies on patients with high cardiovascular risk, studies on statin‐intolerant patients, and studies on patients with hypercholesterolemia on maximally tolerated lipid‐lowering therapy.
BA
‐treated subjects reported a higher rate of treatment discontinuation caused by adverse effects, of gout flare, and of increase in uric acid compared with controls. On the other hand,
BA
‐treated patients showed a lower incidence of new‐onset diabetes mellitus than controls.

Conclusions

BA
is associated with a significant reduction in
low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol
,
total cholesterol
, non–
high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol
, apolipoprotein B, and hs‐CRP compared with standard treatment. Documented efficacy is accompanied by an acceptable safety profile.
Intracoronary Saline‐Induced Hyperemia During Coronary Thermodilution Measurements of Absolute Coronary Blood Flow: An Animal Mechanistic Study
Authors: Adjedj Julien , Picard Fabien , Collet Carlos , Bruneval Patrick , Fournier Stephane , Bize Alain , Sambin Lucien , Berdeaux Alain , Varenne Olivier , De Bruyne Bernard , Ghaleh Bijan
Published: July 2020

Background

Absolute hyperemic coronary blood flow and microvascular resistances can be measured by continuous thermodilution with a dedicated infusion catheter. We aimed to determine the mechanisms of this hyperemic response in animal.

Methods and Results

Twenty open chest pigs were instrumented with flow probes on coronary arteries. The following possible mechanisms of saline‐induced hyperemia were explored compared with maximal hyperemia achieve with adenosine by testing: (1) various infusion rates; (2) various infusion content and temperature; (3) NO production inhibition with L‐arginine methyl ester and endothelial denudation; (4) effects of vibrations generated by rotational atherectomy and of infusion through one end‐hole versus side‐holes. Saline infusion rates of 5, 10 and 15 mL/min did not reach maximal hyperemia as compared with adenosine. Percentage of coronary blood flow expressed in percent of the coronary blood flow after adenosine were 48±17% at baseline, 57±18% at 5 mL/min, 65±17% at 10 mL/min, 82±26% at 15 mL/min and 107±18% at 20 mL/min. Maximal hyperemia was observed during infusion of both saline at body temperature and glucose 5%, after endothelial denudation,
l‐
arginine methyl ester administration, and after stent implantation. The activation of a Rota burr in the first millimeters of the epicardial artery also induced maximal hyperemia. Maximal hyperemia was achieved by infusion through lateral side‐holes but not through an end‐hole catheter.

Conclusions

Infusion of saline at 20 mL/min through a catheter with side holes in the first millimeters of the epicardial artery induces maximal hyperemia. The data indicate that this vasodilation is related neither to the composition/temperature of the indicator nor is it endothelial mediated. It is suggested that it could be elicited by epicardial wall vibrations.
The Changing Place of Non-human Animals in Finnish Society: A Visual Account
Authors: Raento Pauliina
Published: July 2020

Postage stamp imagery reveals how humans see other animals in their society; how this relationship changes over time; and in particular political, economic, and cultural contexts; and what the stamp-issuing state wishes to communicate to its citizens. A qualitative mixed-methods exploration of this overlooked, easily accessible visual data identifies trends and representative examples of human-animal relations in Finnish society during the country’s independence (1917-2016). The empirical discussion strengthens method(olog)ical discussion on visual culture and data in animal studies. The examination shows the value of systematic longitudinal data, the inclusion of both consumer and producer perspectives in the analysis, and engagement with scholarly debates outside animal studies.
Historien und Polyhistorien
Authors: Herweg Mathias
Published: July 2020

This article is dedicated to the early modern Novel of Antiquity, its ancestors and successors. In the 15th century, the ‘matière’ with which vernacular novel actually had started more than three centuries before became the pioneer for the Early nhg Prose Novel. The Novels of Alexander, Troy and Apollonius of Tyre are also among the earliest to be printed. These texts and their contexts thus become seismographs of the generic and epoch change. They occupy an intermediate position in many respects: between old and new form (verse/prose), old and new medium, continuity and reception of the Middle Ages, medieval and humanistic concepts of Antiquity, ‘old’ and ‘new’ knowledge, historical didaxis and the perception of historical contingency, and last but not least: ‘novel’ (which they aren’t in a proper sense) and history, sometimes even ‘poly-history’.
Imagining a Universal Empire: a Study of the Illustrations of the Tributary States of the Myriad Regions Attributed to Li Gonglin
Authors: Ge Zhaoguang
Published: July 2020

This article is not concerned with the history of aesthetics but, rather, is an exercise in intellectual history. “Illustrations of Tributary States” [Zhigong tu 職貢圖] as a type of art reveals a Chinese tradition of artistic representations of foreign emissaries paying tribute at the imperial court. This tradition is usually seen as going back to the “Illustrations of Tributary States,” painted by Emperor Yuan in the Liang dynasty 梁元帝 [r. 552-554] in the first half of the sixth century. This series of paintings not only had a lasting influence on aesthetic history but also gave rise to a highly distinctive intellectual tradition in the development of Chinese thought: images of foreign emissaries were used to convey the Celestial Empire’s sense of pride and self-confidence, with representations of strange customs from foreign countries serving as a foil for the image of China as a radiant universal empire at the center of the world. The tradition of “Illustrations of Tributary States” was still very much alive during the time of the Song dynasty [960-1279], when China had to compete with equally powerful neighboring states, the empire’s territory had been significantly diminished, and the Chinese population had become ethnically more homogeneous. In this article, the “Illustrations of the Tributary States of the Myriad Regions” [Wanfang zhigong tu 萬方職貢圖] attributed to Li Gonglin 李公麟 [ca. 1049-1106] and created during the period between the Xining 熙寧 [1068-1077] and Yuanfeng 元豐 [1078-1085] reigns of the Shenzong emperor 神宗 [r. 1067-1085] of the Song dynasty, is used as a case study for investigating the actual tributary relations between the Northern Song [960-1127] state and its neighboring countries. In doing so, I demonstrate that while certain parts of the “Illustrations of the Tributary States of the Myriad Regions” are historically accurate, a considerable portion of the content is the combined product of historical remembrance and the imagination of empire. In the international environment of the Song empire, China was captivated by the dream of being a universal empire envied by its “barbarian” neighbors. Particularly worth emphasizing is the fact that the artistic tradition of painting “Illustrations of Tributary States” as well as the accompanying idea of China as a universal empire continued well into the Qing [1644-1911] period, reflecting the historical longevity and lasting influence of the traditional conception of the relationship between China and the world.
The Rise and Fall of the Hua-Yi System in East Asia
Authors: Han Dongyu
Published: July 2020

The Hua-Yi 華夷 system that spread in East Asia in the form of tribute relationships during the Ming dynasty [1368-1644] began as a system based on China’s perceived cultural superiority, but slowly evolved into a system centered on nationalism. Accordingly, the kinship networks embedded in the Hua-Yi system were also continually evolving, breaking down, and reforming in a cycle that repeated itself multiple times. Amid this process, ethnocentrism [zi minzu zhongxin zhuyi 自民族中心主義] and “interest centralism” [liyi zhongxin zhuyi 利益中心主義] played key roles in the formation and eventual dissolution of the Hua-Yi system.
Taxonomic evaluation of the Grallaria rufula (Rufous Antpitta) complex
(Aves: Passeriformes: Grallariidae) distinguishes sixteen species
Authors: ISLER MORTON L. , CHESSER R. TERRY , ROBBINS MARK B. , CUERVO ANDRÉS M. , CADENA CARLOS DANIEL , HOSNER PETER A.
Published: July 2020

Populations in the Rufous Antpitta (Grallaria rufula) complex occupy humid montane forests of the Andes from northern Colombia and adjacent Venezuela to central Bolivia. Their tawny to cinnamon-colored plumages are generally uniform, featuring subtle variation in hue and saturation across this range. In contrast to their conservative plumage, substantial vocal differences occur among geographically isolated or parapatric populations. Working within the framework of a comprehensive molecular phylogeny, we reexamined species limits in the G. rufula complex, basing taxonomic recommendations on diagnostic differences in vocalizations and considering identifiable differences in plumage where pertinent. We identified 16 populations for species designation, including seven populations previously described as subspecies and, remarkably, six new species described herein. Within one of these species, we identified less robust vocal differences between populations that we designate as subspecies. Geographic variation exists within another species, but its critical evaluation requires additional material. Taxonomic revisions of groups consisting of cryptic species, like the Grallaria rufula complex, are imperative for their conservation. Rather than widespread species as currently defined, these complexes can comprise many range-restricted taxa at higher risk of extinction given the continuing human pressures on their habitats.
Paul on Same-Sex Relations in Romans 1
Authors: Loader William
Published: July 2020

Paul expresses the common Jewish view that same-sex relations typify the depravity of the non-Jewish world, primarily as a means of finding common ground with those who would be listening to his letter and to argue that sins by his own Jewish people, though different, are no less deplorable and conclude that therefore both need Christ’s redemption. Assuming God created humans male and female, he finds the roots of such behavior in distorted minds and passions resulting from distorted understandings of God.
A guide to performance: Role-playing, theatricality, and celebrity in R. K. Narayan’s The Guide and My Dateless Diary
Authors: Bar-Yosef Eitan
Published: July 2020

Raju’s performance as (and supposed transformation into) a holy man is only one of numerous other performances depicted in R. K. Narayan’s The Guide (1958). These range from self-reflexive role-playing to direct engagements with theatrical and cinematic practices. Tracing the thematic significance of The Guide’s various performances, this article then turns to consider how Narayan develops the theme in a later and mostly neglected text, My Dateless Diary: An American Journey (1960), an autobiographical narrative depicting Narayan’s sojourn in the US in 1956–1957, during which he wrote The Guide. Reading My Dateless Diary alongside The Guide exposes an array of subtle links between the two texts. The article demonstrates that Narayan’s travels in the US allow him to refine his playful awareness of the performance of the self, both as a component of the plot (in the novel) and as a characteristic of the authorial persona (in the travel account) who is gradually transformed into a reluctant guru, just like the fictional Raju.
A numerical modelling for resin transfer molding (RTM) process and effective thermal conductivity prediction of a particle–filled composite carbon–epoxy
Authors: Djebara Y , Imad A , Saouab A , Kanit T
Published: July 2020

The objective of this paper is to develop a global modelling approach, that simulates both the resin transfer molding (RTM) manufacturing and the prediction of the effective thermal conductivity (ETC) of a carbon–cpoxy (CE) laminated composite reinforced with particles. This numerical approach is based on two main stages. First, a numerical simulation of the suspension flow and the filtration of the charges during the RTM process. A method, for simulating the flow of a resin, loaded with particles in suspension through a fibrous medium, considering its double porosity scale, has been proposed. It is based on the description of the flow by Stokes–Darcy coupling, filtration phenomenon and particle dynamics. Secondly, the ETC of the composite thus produced is evaluated using a numerical homogenisation technique, considering the spherical particles inserted into the carbon–epoxy laminated composite. These obtained results have shown that, the incorporation of particles in the laminated composite leads to a significant increase in their effective thermal conductivity, which depends on their thermal conductivity. Finally, a simple linear thermal model has been proposed to predict the effective thermal conductivity of the composite carbon–epoxy–particles, as a function of that of the base composite carbon–epoxy and that of the particles.
Suffering Absence: Hauerwas and the Challenges to Faithful Presence in Contemporary Medical Training
Authors: Frush Benjamin W.
Published: July 2020

In this essay, the author draws on the theologian Stanley Hauerwas’ work to describe the central challenge of the contemporary medical trainee as an inability to be present to suffering patients. While the central challenge to the physician was once the moral resources required for such presence, today it is the temporal and bureaucratic demands bearing upon the contemporary resident preclude even the opportunity for this presence. In order to seek out such spaces when time does become available, the contemporary trainee requires a moral community, as Hauerwas notes “like a church,” to remind him or her of the moral commitment to be present to suffering patients even in the midst of such structural challenges.

Contemporary residents must actively seek out the opportunity to be present to suffering patients and require moral communities to sustain this commitment.
Numerical and experimental investigation on the oblique water entry of cylinder
Authors: Sun Longquan , Wang Duliang , Chen Yingyu , Wu Guoxun
Published: July 2020

The study of water entry cavity and the analysis of load characteristics are hot topics in water entry research. The coupled Euler–Lagrange method is used to carry out simulation research on the water entry process of a cylinder. Aiming at the water vapor mixing phenomenon caused by structure slamming on the water at the initial time of water entry, the slamming load is further studied by correcting the sound speed in the water. The differences between the calculated results obtained by adjusting the number of units in the numerical simulation prove the convergence of the numerical method. Water entry experiments of a cylinder were carried out, and the results are in good agreement with the simulation data. The motion state simulation and analysis are carried out for the process of water entry with different initial speeds and angles. The changes in the structure’s positions, air cavities, and slamming loads are obtained. The rule of slamming pressure with the water entry angle and the relationship between pressure and acceleration are determined.
Theoretical modeling of the vertical stiffness of a rolling lobe air spring
Authors: Xu Liufeng
Published: July 2020

In order to study the characteristics of a rolling lobe air spring, a vertical stiffness analytical model is constructed based on thermodynamics and hydrodynamics. The merit of this vertical stiffness analytical model is that an analytical solution of geometric parameters is obtained by an approximate analytic method. Meanwhile, experimental tests are carried out to verify the accuracy of the vertical stiffness analytical model. The vertical stiffness analytical model can be used to qualitatively analyze the influence of geometric parameters on the vertical stiffness characteristics of a rolling lobe air spring. Therefore, the relationship between geometric parameters and the vertical stiffness characteristics is analyzed based on the proposed model. The conclusions show that the vertical stiffness analytical model can well predict the mechanical characteristics of a rolling lobe air spring and provide guidance for parameter design and vehicle ride comfort improvement.
1980 Imagination: aesthetic and religious
Authors: Warnock Mary
Published: July 2020

The philosopher Mary Warnock (1924–2019) first delivered this article in 1980 as an Oxford University sermon when she was a fellow at St Hugh’s College. In it she links aesthetic imagination to her understanding of the Christian ‘story’. For her, ‘no sharp line can be drawn between imagination employed in the religious mode and the aesthetic imagination’. As a philosopher she was an expert on existentialism and, later, medical ethics. She was also a communicant Anglican churchgoer, but she seldom wrote directly about Christian faith, so this article is particularly significant. Editor.
1963 Difficult text/hard saying
Authors: Dunstan G. R.
Published: July 2020

In this article Gordon Dunstan (1917–2004) examines the ‘difficult text’ 1 Corinthians 6.16 in the light of Christian marriage – arguing that sexual intercourse with a sex worker, while wrong, does not constitute a man and woman becoming ‘one flesh’ and therefore debar that person from a subsequent marriage. Dunstan succeeded Alec Vidler as editor of Theology two years after writing this short article. At the time he was working at Church House, Westminster, as the influential (especially on divorce reform) secretary of the Church of England Council for Social Work. Two years later he was appointed as the first holder of the F. D. Maurice Chair of Moral and Social Theology at King’s College London, finally retiring to Exeter in 1982. Editor.
1978 Emerging: a look at some of R. S. Thomas’ more recent poems
Authors: [Donald] Allchin A. M.
Published: July 2020

A. M. ‘Donald’ Allchin (1930–2010) worked at Pusey House, Oxford, in the 1960s before serving as a Residentiary Canon at Canterbury Cathedral (1973–87). This article reflects his love of the influential poetry of the craggy Welsh poet and Anglican priest R. S. Thomas (1913–2000). Allchin taught himself Welsh by following the daily liturgical readings in Welsh and was fascinated by Celtic culture and ritual and Eastern Orthodoxy, writing a number of devotional books. Editor.
Realist theories in search of realists: The failure in Europe to advance realist theory
Authors: Jørgensen Knud Erik , Ergul Jorgensen F Asli
Published: July 2020

The realist theoretical tradition has never enjoyed a strong position in Europe. During recent decades, although it is commonly claimed otherwise, it even seems to have lost its limited traction and most of its relatively few representatives. The aim of the article is to analyse this evolution, highlight how realist theorists have contributed limited conceptual or theoretical innovation, been unable to adjust their research agenda to current analytical challenges, and produced relatively few comprehensive empirical studies informed by one or more realist theories. Instead, we observe three main activities. Some realists do meta-studies on realist theory. Others do retrospectives, for instance, (re-)discovering the qualities of classical realist scholars or classical concepts such as the security dilemma. Still others practice ideology that may enjoy certain functions in legitimising national foreign policy orientations but has limited theoretical quality. Thus, textbooks are probably the only remaining context in which realism is presented as constituting a dominant orientation; a fact that highlights the complex and problematic relationship between reality and representation.