bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Urgence of Reconstruction the Offense of Adultery in Indonesia: A Form of Protection Against Legal Marriage and Sexual Morals Muslim Society
Authors: Ismayawati Any
Published: April 2019

The aim of this study is to find exact formulation of the offense of adultery. Problems in the research: 1) how Indonesian muslim society understand and act toward adultery, 2) why muslimsociety solve adultery without taking 284 Criminal Code, 3) why reconstruction of adultery law is needed, The research designs are qualitative tradition, constructivism paradigm, socio legal methodology, while its approaches are hermeneutics, philosophy and phenomenological approach. Its analyzing data technique are inductive analysis through data reduction and triangulation.The results show that Indonesian muslimsociety in sanctioning toward people committing intercourse without any legal marriage. In sanctioning is based on local custom and Islamreligion believed by major local community, with its priority on justification principle, between human as individual and as social creatures, and its justification between the victim’s need and the actor’s importance.The conclusion is that adultery criteria based on society is every intercourse without legal marriage, in accordance of religion and state, both is done by heterogeneous gender or homogenous gender. The value on 284 Criminal Code clause does not suit on the believed value by society since it only protects marriage institution. Meanwhile, in the values of Islamreligion, ones whom are protected is not only marriage institution but also the values of sexual moral society, so muslimsociety does not use 284 Criminal Code clause to take an action toward adultery actor.In progressive law, if law has problem therefore it needs to be reconstructed, and it is not the people to be insisted in adopting toward the law, then 284 Criminal Code clause must be reconstructed, because it is not effective and cannot create proper justice for Indonesian society. In the concept of Legal Pluralism, to reconstruct the clause must based on religious law, local custom and state Law, to create perfect justice.
Pembentukan Karakter Anak melalui Keteladanan Orang Tua
Authors: Nasiruddin Nasiruddin
Published: April 2019

Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang keteladanan orang tua dalam membentuk karakter anak. Keluarga sebagai unit terkecil yang utama dan pertama. Keluarga sebagai pendidikan yang pertama dan utama. Kehidupan seorang anak akan melihat dan merasakan secara langsung pola pergaulan dan kehidupan yang dialami bersama orang-orang terdekat di sekitarnya yang menjadi penghuni dalam rumah keluarganya seperti ibu, ayah, kakak dan adik, kakek dan nenek, maupun anggota keluarga lainnya. Anak paling banyak menghabiskan waktu dan hari-harinya bersama kedua orang tuanya. Kondisi demikian menjadikan anak sangat sering melihat sikap, tingkah laku, dan ucapan kedua orang tuanya. Pemberian teladan yang baik perlu dilakukan mengingat anak-anak adalah generasi penerus bangsa. Anak adalah harapan masa depan orang tua bahkan bangsa yang akan membentuk sebuah generasi penerus para orang tua. Maka peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan, pembinaan mental dan moral harus selalu ditingkatkan. Menghadapi era globalisasi yang ditandai dengan berbagai perubahan tata nilai, maka anak harus mendapat pembinaan intensif dan terpadu agar menjadi anak yang memiliki karakter unggul seperti religius, nasionalis, mandiri, gotong royong, dan integritas. Untuk itu orang tua harus memperhatikan perkembangan jasmani, ruhani, dan akal anak-anaknya sehingga mereka dapat tumbuh dan berkembang sebagaimana yang mereka harapkan.
Identification of global systemically important stock exchanges
Authors: Karkowska Renata , Kravchuk Igor
Published: April 2019

Research background: Increased regulations reducing systemic risk are essentially underpinned by the understanding of the global nature and sources of instability of the financial system. In the economic literature, there are many arguments presented by critical supporters and opponents of measuring and reporting global systemically important entities.
Purpose of the article: In response to the requirements of regulators, the article seeks to identify systematically important regulated stock markets for selected global stock exchanges by developing a composite ratio. Additionally, it provides empirical evidence concerning their risk exploration.
Methods: The proposed method uses weighted average values of indicators grouped in four categories: (1) market size, (2) cross-jurisdictional activity and interconnectedness, (3) substitutability, (4) complexity. The research covers stock exchanges, reported to WFE, spanning the period 2008?2017.
Findings & Value added: The study finds that the problem of systemic risk on global stock exchanges is growing despite numerous prudential regulations. In order to obtain a more complete assessment of market systemic sensitivity, regulators should take into account a wider range of indicators and calculations such as cross-jurisdictional activity and market complexity.
Absolute value and diversity of household spending: analysis on International Comparison Program (ICP) 2011 data
Authors: Verba Denys , Kudinova Alevtyna
Published: April 2019

Research background: This article investigates the connection between consumer?s budget growth and diversification of household spending. The main question of research is ?are there new drivers of modern processes of consumer spending's diversification, at a time when spending on food has reached the minimum share in the consumer budget.
Purpose of the article: The objective of the article is to clarify the hypothesis about the existence of a certain limit of income (and consumer spending) after which the growing of consumer?s purchasing capacity loses power of influence on spending diversity.
Methods: Theil entropy index was used for measuring the diversity of household spending. This index was defined as a sum of within-group and between-group entropy, which allows for comparing the diversification of household spending in two aggregate groups of expenditure, which were formed by the authors. The Workings? equation was used for modeling the spending entropy?s dependence on their absolute value. Two categories of household spending were regrouped (consolidated) by us through forming a group more related to the development of human economic potential (SMRHD) and less related to these processes (SLRHD). The research was done on the basis of ICP (2011) data, which covers 178 countries and refers to 2011 year ? the latest available on the moment of the article was completed.
Findings & Value added: The results obtained in this research confirmed that there is a limit of household spending?s size, beyond which further increasing of consumers? economic opportunities loses a significant impact on the diversity of consumption spending. However, the weakening of the link between size of spending and its entropy reflects impact of two qualitative differenced factors. The first is relatively much more radical decrease of spending growth influence on within-group entropy for SLRHD. The second ? is relatively much less significant decrease of entropy?s sensitivity to spending growth for SMRHD. Such results reflect the increase in the importance of "non-functional demand components", which reduces the capacity of data on functional distribution of household expenditures to characterize the extent of their diversification.
Economic activity of Polish pensioners in the light of quantitative research
Authors: Bielawska Kamila
Published: April 2019

Research background: Despite the economic development, accompanied by various structural reforms (including pension reform of 1999), the effective retirement age in Poland is relatively low. Participants of the social insurance scheme tend to apply for the old-age pension as soon as possible (when they reach the statutory retirement age).
Purpose of the article: The main aim of the paper is to evaluate the determinants of the economic activity of seniors in Poland taking the old-age pension form Social Insurance Institution (ZUS) as a regular or occasional work, in comparison to those who are not performing any paid activity.
Methods: We use the data from the survey carried out in 2018 on the representative sample of Polish seniors aged 65+ for whose households the old-age pension from ZUS (1336 pensioners who retired between 1980?s up to 2018) is the main source of income. Multinominal logistic regression was performed to study how gender, retirement timing, education level and period of retirement as well as reasons for retirement influenced the likelihood to continue regular or occasional work.
Findings & Value added: Multinominal logistic regression for women confirms that higher education increases chances for continuing regular work on the retirement comparing to those having secondary education. Retirement due to the reaching the pensionable age made women more likely to continue work on regular basis, while those who retired due to the bankruptcy of the employer were less likely to be employed during retirement. Retirement due to the preservation of pension privileges increased chances to continue work on the occasional basis among women and men. For men who reported employment - related factors as retirement drivers, the chances of performing occasional work were high and of highly statistical significant. This research delivers knowledge on drivers of regular or occasional paid activity combined with receiving old-age pension from social insurance system in Poland.
Sectoral patterns of innovation cooperation in Polish industry
Authors: Świadek Arkadiusz , Dzikowski Piotr , Tomaszewski Marek , Gorączkowska Jadwiga
Published: April 2019

Research background: Contemporary research on industry concentrates on the relations between enterprises and their environment. Research on industrial structures conducted throughout the world, including Poland, are not extensive and limited due to the confidentiality of statistics. K. Pavitt (1984) was the first researcher who evaluated the relationship between industry structure and innovation activity. According to Pavitt, innovation dynamics and trajectory depend on the structure of domestic industry and is unique. In Poland T. Rachwal (2010) determined that over the studied years, changes in the indicator defining diversification in industrial divisions were minimal, but at the same time there was an observable fall in the importance of traditional divisions, such as the production of clothing, textiles, and the leather. In contrast, divisions as the production of metal, rubber, and plastic goods increased their share in terms of employees, as did furniture and vehicle manufacturing.
Purpose of the article: The purpose of the paper is to identify sectoral patterns of innovation cooperation as revealed by data on about 5209 Polish enterprises. The authors attempt to find the answer to the following three questions: (1) Is the domestic aggregation sufficient for stimulating innovation cooperation in the Polish industry? (2) Is there any sectoral heterogeneity in innovation cooperation? (3) Are enterprises representing high technology industries the most involved in innovation cooperation? The main goal of the study was an attempt to seek out the directions and influence of various industries on the innovation cooperation of enterprises in Poland.
Methods: Empirical data that served as the basis for conducting calculations were collected with the help of a questionnaire survey sent to industrial companies throughout Poland. A total of 5,209 properly completed forms were collected. The average rate of return was 11,6%. The collection was held over the years 2008?2013. The methodological part of the study was developed using the logistic regression method based on probability theory of the study.
Findings & Value added: The study has shown that the higher the technology, the more often enterprises cooperate in the area of innovation. The research has not only shown the specifics of the domestic industrial system as well its level of technological advancement, but it has also taken into account the significance and input into the analyzed system.
The role of basic psychological needs in the perception of job insecurity
Authors: Knežević Jasmina , Krstić Tatjana
Published: April 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate whether satisfied basic psychological needs reduce the perception of threat generated by job insecurity, defined as self-assessment of the availability of the working role to its performers in the foreseeable future. The study included 310 participants employed in 24 companies, who completed the Perception of Job Insecurity Scale and Need Satisfaction Scale. The hypotheses were tested with multiple regression analyses. The results point to the importance of two basic needs – Autonomy and Competence – as factors that reduce the level of perceived job insecurity. This study broadens the understanding of personality resources as factors that moderate the perception of job insecurity and confirms the self-determination theory in the organisational context. Satisfying the needs for autonomy and competence can serve as a basis for interventions aimed at strengthening resilience to stress in employees.
Antioxidants and selenocompounds inhibit 3,5-dimethylaminophenol toxicity to human urothelial cells
Authors: Erkekoglu Pinar , Chao Ming-Wei , Tseng Chia-Yi , Engelward Bevin P. , Kose Ozge , Kocer-Gumusel Belma , Wogan Gerald N. , Tannenbaum Steven R.
Published: April 2019

Exposure to alkyl anilines may lead to bladder cancer, which is the second most frequent cancer of the urogenital tract. 3,5-dimethylaniline is highly used in industry. Studies on its primary metabolite 3,5-dimethylaminophenol (3,5-DMAP) showed that this compound causes oxidative stress, changes antioxidant enzyme activities, and leads to death of different mammalian cells. However, there is no in vitro study to show the direct effects of 3,5-DMAP on human bladder and urothelial cells. Selenocompounds are suggested to decrease oxidative stress caused by some chemicals, and selenium supplementation was shown to reduce the risk of bladder cancer. The main aim of this study was to investigate whether selenocompounds organic selenomethionine (SM, 10 µmol/L) or inorganic sodium selenite (SS, 30 nmol/L) could reduce oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis in UROtsa cells exposed to 3,5-DMAP. 3,5-DMAP caused a dose-dependent increase in intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species, and its dose of 50 µmol/L caused lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and changes in antioxidant enzyme activities in different cellular fractions. The comet assay also showed single-strand DNA breaks induced by the 3,5-DMAP dose of 50 µmol/L, but no changes in double-strand DNA breaks. Apoptosis was also triggered. Both selenocompounds provided partial protection against the cellular toxicity of 3,5-DMAP. Low selenium status along with exposure to alkyl anilines can be a major factor in the development of bladder cancer. More mechanistic studies are needed to specify the role of selenium in bladder cancer.
Inspiratory muscle strength affects anaerobic endurance in professional athletes
Authors: Jurić Iva , Labor Slavica , Plavec Davor , Labor Marina
Published: April 2019

To the best of our knowledge, little is known about the role of respiratory muscle strength and endurance on athlete performance in anaerobic conditions of maximal exertion. The aim of this cross-sectional study was therefore to examine the association between the strength/endurance of inspiratory muscles in a group of 70 healthy male professional athletes (team sports) and their ventilatory and metabolic parameters at the anaerobic threshold (second ventilatory threshold; VT2) and beyond it at maximum load during the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) on a treadmill. Ventilatory parameters at VT2, at maximal effort, and their differences were tested for association with inspiratory muscle strength (PImax) and endurance (Tlim), measured as time to maintain inspiration at or above 80% of PImax. The difference in end-tidal oxygen tension (ΔPETO2) between VT2 and maximal effort was significantly associated with resting heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (BP), PImax, and lean body mass (LBM) (r2=0.26, p=0.016; multivariate regression analysis). The difference in carbon dioxide output (ΔVCO2) was significantly associated with body mass index (BMI), resting HR, systolic BP, and PImax (r2=0.25, p=0.022; multivariate regression analysis). Our findings suggest that it is the inspiratory muscle strength and not endurance that affects the performance of professional athletes and that it should be tested and trained systematically.
Inhalation poisoning with palytoxin from aquarium coral: case description and safety advice
Authors: Schulz Michał , Łoś Aleksandra , Szabelak Aleksandra , Strachecka Aneta
Published: April 2019

Palythoa spp. corals and some other marine organisms contain one of the most poisonous substances ever known – palytoxin (PTX). Due to their modest life requirements and ease of breeding, these corals are popular in home aquariums. Here we refer to a case of PTX poisoning of a middle-aged woman who inhaled poisonous vapours while brushing the corals from live rock and compare it with the available literature. As the case revealed that the symptoms of PTX poisoning are not specific and neither is treatment, our aim was to give a brief tabulated review of the symptoms that may indicate such poisoning. Cases of palytoxin poisoning have been reported worldwide, and severe ones (mostly due to ingestion of contaminated sea food) can end in death. As it appears, most (if not all) poisonings result from unawareness of the risk and reckless handling by aquarists. This is one of the first articles which provides some practical advice about the use of personal protection equipment, including gloves, masks, eyewear, and other clothing during any coral manipulation to minimise the risk. We also draw attention to the lack of marketing/trading regulations for dangerous coral species and/or regulations or instructions dealing with their removal and health protection.
The effects of occupational lead exposure on selected inflammatory biomarkers
Authors: Turksoy Vugar Ali , Tutkun Lutfiye , Iritas Servet Birgin , Gunduzoz Meside , Deniz Serdar
Published: April 2019

In exposure to toxic metals such as lead, determining lead and cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α) is essential for early detection of diseases. The aim of this study was to develop an model for early detection of inflammation and onset of atherosclerosis in the absence of clinical findings in young workers, which could help physicians take timely an action and start treatment. This study included 49 metal workers exposed to lead occupationally and 50 unexposed administrative workers (controls) who underwent immunological analysis for cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α) and atherosclerosis markers (h-FABP and VCAM-1), toxicological analysis for lead, and routine biochemical analysis (ALT, AST, creatinine) at the Ankara Occupational and Environmental Diseases Hospital in 2017. Lead levels correlated with IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α (r=0.469, r=0.521 and r=0.279, respectively, p<0.01) but did not significantly affect h-FABP and VCAM-1 levels.
The role of physics in radioecology and radiotoxicology
Authors: Petrinec Branko , Šoštarić Marko , Babić Dinko
Published: April 2019

This article gives an overview of physical concepts important for radioecology and radiotoxicology to help bridge a gap between non-physicists in these scientific disciplines and the intricate language of physics. Relying on description and only as much mathematics as necessary, we discuss concepts ranging from fundamental natural forces to applications of physical modelling in phenomenological studies. We first explain why some atomic nuclei are unstable and therefore transmute. Then we address interactions of ionising radiation with matter, which is the foundation of both radioecology and radiotoxicology. We continue with relevant naturally occurring and anthropogenic radionuclides and their properties, abundance in the environment, and toxicity for the humans and biota. Every radioecological or radiotoxicological assessment should take into account combined effects of the biological and physical half-lives of a radionuclide. We also outline the basic principles of physical modelling commonly used to study health effects of exposure to ionising radiation, as it is applicable to every source of radiation but what changes are statistical weighting factors, which depend on the type of radiation and exposed tissue. Typical exposure doses for stochastic and deterministic health effects are discussed, as well as controversies related to the linear no-threshold hypothesis at very low doses.
Left Derivable Maps at Non-Trivial Idempotents on Nest Algebras
Authors: Ghahramani Hoger , Sattari Saman
Published: April 2019

Let Alg 𝒩 be a nest algebra associated with the nest 𝒩 on a (real or complex) Banach space 𝕏. Suppose that there exists a non-trivial idempotent P ∈ Alg 𝒩 with range P (𝕏) ∈ 𝒩, and δ : Alg 𝒩 → Alg 𝒩 is a continuous linear mapping (generalized) left derivable at P, i.e. δ (ab) = aδ (b) + bδ (a) (δ (ab) = aδ(b) + bδ(a) − baδ(I)) for any a, b ∈ Alg 𝒩 with ab = P, where I is the identity element of Alg 𝒩. We show that is a (generalized) Jordan left derivation. Moreover, in a strongly operator topology we characterize continuous linear maps on some nest algebras Alg 𝒩 with the property that δ (P ) = 2Pδ (P ) or δ (P ) = 2P δ (P ) − Pδ (I) for every idempotent P in Alg 𝒩.
Materials Science and Engineering – Some Aspects in Central and Eastern European (CEE) Countries
Authors: Gyulai József
Published: April 2019

This introductory paper summarizes the characteristics of how “Science” and “Engineering” differ from each other, forming the interdisciplinary topic of Materials Science and Engineering (MS&E). It will be shown how microelectronics has developed from modern materials science, causing a change in paradigm, and how microelectronics has become the “mother” science of informatics, changing life on Earth. To prove the importance of materials, a table is shown summarizing how modern MS&E forms the basis of practically all industries. The situation and development state of MS&E in CEE countries - despite different levels of industrialization – have some characteristics in common, and the way to development might also have techniques in common.

We will also mention the knowledge base that CEE countries possessed during the period of political change, and the likely future that an elderly scientist foresees for the region with the help of young ambitious scientists.
Chemical Durability of Uranium Oxide Containing Glasses
Authors: Bitay Enikő , Kacsó Irén , Veress Erzsébet
Published: April 2019

ZrO2 doped Na-Ba-borosilicate glasses suitable as matrix materials for HLW immobilization were synthesized and corrosion behaviour was investigated in different aqueous media. Hydrolytic stability is increased with the doping level until 5 mol %; above this value the glass vitrification tendency is strongly intensified. Unexpectedly, ZrO2 doping diminished the corrosion stability in 1M HCl solution, and low ZrO2 content showed a low corrosion resistance in 1M Na2CO3 solution also. Doping effect was negligible in case of synthetic seawater. The glass structure is significantly stabilized by the integration of the 30% UO3 added.
A New Method for Determining the Pullability of Composite Reinforcing Ceramic Fibres
Authors: Dobránszky János , Bitay Enikő
Published: April 2019

A unique method for producing aluminium matrix composite wires is the Blücher’s process, i.e. continuous gas-pressure infiltration. An essential condition of the process is that the fibre roving of the reinforcing fibres can be pulled across the orifices of the gas-pressure system with the least damage. The article describes a new test procedure that is capable of characterizing this essential functional property of the ceramic reinforcing fibres in a manner comparable and quantitative.
Construction of Albumin-Coated 3D Allograft Based on Cone-beam CT Images
Authors: Kónya János , Kulcsár Klaudia
Published: April 2019

The 3D block products presented in this study are used in dental surgery to provide bone replacement for patients who do not possess a sufficient amount of bone tissue for implantation. If dental implants are supported by a proper amount of allografts, the mastication ability of the patient can be totally restored. The required bone replacement for the insertion of dental implants is a reconstruction utilising lyophilized human bone tissue treated with alveolar and mandibular odontological albumin. This study puts emphasis on the analysis, planning and processing of CBCT images, and on the machining and production three-dimensional albumin-coated allograft. The study also extends to former and current bone grafting techniques, and provides a review on BoneAlbumin and the selection of suitable materials. This paper also investigates the domestic and international bone grafting market. Furthermore, it contains a case study and conclusions.
Analysis of the Effect of Ultrasonic Welding on Microstructure
Authors: Kovács Tünde , Pinke Péter
Published: April 2019

Ultrasonic welding is very useful for joining thin metal sheets [1, 2]. The effect of ultrasound on microstructure is currently not well understood because the changes produced depend very much on the welding parameters and the properties of the metal being considered. Thin sheets formed by cold rolling acquire a special grain structure. During the welding process the heat produced causes recrystallization; even where heat is not applied in the joining process the recrystallization process alters the mechanical properties within the heat affected zone (HAZ). The mechanical properties of the welded samples depend on the microstructure. In this work we analyse the ultrasonic welding effect on the joint and the HAZ [3, 4].
Surface Roughness Effect in the Case of Welded Stainless Steel Corrosion Resistance
Authors: Tóth László , Haraszti Ferenc , Kovács Tünde
Published: April 2019

It is known that fusion welding can cause a decrease in the corrosion resistance of the heat affected zone of unstabilized stainless steels. The reason for this problem is that the welding heat (in the heat affected zone (HAZ)) can cause chromium-carbide (Cr23C6) precipitation with the simultaneous reduction of chromium content at the local grain boundaries. The chromium content dictates the corrosion resistance level. The relationship between surface roughness and corrosion behaviour is well known. We sought to find the difference between the corrosion resistance and surface roughness relationship in the case of cold rolled stainless steel and in the case of heat treated (welding heat effect simulated) stainless steel [1-3].
Metal Foam Analysis Based on CT Layers
Authors: Varga Tamás Antal , Mankovits Tamás
Published: April 2019

The geometrical modelling of metal foams remains one of the greatest challenges facing researchers in the field. In this paper the analysis of the inner structure of closed-cell aluminium foam - an essential part of the construction of an idealized foam model - is presented. With the application of special purpose software the properties of the foam cells can be mapped precisely and the results applied to the development of idealized foam geometry constructed in CAD applications.
Comparative Study of Roman Iron Slags Discovered in the Roman Auxiliary Fort and Settlement of Călugăreni
Authors: Bitay Enikő , Kacsó Irén , Pánczél Szilamér Péter , Veress Erzsébet
Published: April 2019

Iron slag samples unearthed at the eastern border of Roman Dacia, in the auxiliary fort and the military settlement of Călugăreni (Mikháza) are investigated by macroscopic inspection, optical microscopy (OM) and FTIR spectroscopy in order to comparatively characterize their macro- and microstructure as well as their mineralogical composition. During the recent archaeological excavations, a large number of iron artefacts were discovered together with a great quantity of iron slag fragments. The present paper focuses on the data obtained from 17 slag samples.
Analysis of Recrystallization Peak Occuring During DSC Measurement
Authors: Fejes Gergő Richárd , Gonda Viktor , Széll Károly
Published: April 2019

Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is a well-established methodology for the processing of bulk ultrafine grained materials. Among various methods, equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) is the most popular way of creating ultrafine grained materials. The stored energy after ECAP in these substances highly influences the microstructural processes: recovery and recrystallization of the processed materials. We analyzed the recrystallization kinetics of room and elevated temperature ECAP processed copper samples using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). For the processing of the measurement data we developed a MATLAB processing routine.
Thermographic Inspection in the Electric Industry
Authors: Haraszti Ferenc
Published: April 2019

The traditional inspection of fittings used in the electrical industry is a cumbersome, dangerous process in terms of safety and operation. However, with the spread of thermography, these tests can be performed simpler, faster, and more safely through electrical connections. This article presents the possibilities, measurement difficulties and the advantages of thermography analysis [1-2].
The Influence of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Cobalt-Chrome Alloy Used in Dental Laboratory Practice
Authors: Kulcsár Klaudia , Kónya János
Published: April 2019

The material used for manufacturing of dental implantation prostheses is cobalt-chromium alloy. The following study presents a new heat treatment technology for dental implantation prostheses. Specimens were created with the innovative technology of 3D printing. The brittleness of specimens subjected to heat treatment with parameters recommended by the manufacturer made it necessary for us to reconsider the heat-treating process. After changing given heat treatment processes, tensile and hardness tests were performed. From these tests, the optimal heat treatment process technology was chosen.
The Replacement of Resistance Welding with Laser Beam Welding
Authors: Maloveczky Anna , Karai Ambrus
Published: April 2019

Resistance welding has long been successfully used in the automotive industry, but nowadays, there are even more advanced technologies, such as laser beam welding, which is a much faster, more economical and flexible technology. During our work, we have mapped the possibility of replacing resistance welding with laser beam welding. Furthermore, we have found a solution to the problems occurring during laser beam welding. The biggest challenge in laser beam technology is that the zinc coating on the steel plates (required to prevent corrosion) evaporates during welding, resulting in pores, and leading to a significant reduction in weld strength. We have solved that by using spacer sheets, which allow the zinc vapour to escape from the keyhole.
Performance Traits of Puławska Pigs Depending on Polymorphism in the RYR1 Gene (C.1843C>T)
Authors: Szyndler-Nędza Magdalena , Ropka-Molik Katarzyna , Mucha Aurelia , Blicharski Tadeusz , Babicz Marek
Published: April 2019

The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between polymorphism in the RYR1 gene (rs344435545) and on-farm test results (fattening, slaughter and reproductive traits) of pigs maintained in conservation herds. the experiment covered 76 boars and 291 gilts kept in 33 herds. animals aged 150–210 days were weighed and P2 and P4 backfat thickness as well as P4 loin muscle depth (P4m) were measured with an ultrasonic device. standardised daily gain (g/day) of the animals and carcass meat percentage (%) were determined. the following reproductive traits of sows were also collected: number of teats, age at first farrowing, dates of next farrowing, number of piglets born alive and weaned at 21 days of age. Hair roots were sampled from the gilts, sows and boars to determine the RYR1 gene polymorphism. it was found that only 3% of the animals in the analysed population had TT genotypes, whereas 28.34% were heterozygous (CT). this polymorphism (CT) was carried by 28.34% of the animals. when analysing the effect of this polymorphism on fattening and slaughter traits in live animals, it was found that sows with TT genotype, compared to the others, were characterised by higher backfat thickness only (P≤0.05). In the boars with CC and CT genotypes, no significant differences were noted between the values of the analysed traits. for reproductive traits of the sows, it was observed that females with TT genotype weaned more piglets until 21 days of age (P≤0.05).
The Utilization of Full-Fat Insect Meal in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Nutrition: The Effects on Growth Performance, Intestinal Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Tract Histomorphology
Authors: Józefiak Agata , Nogales-Mérida Silvia , Mikołajczak Zuzanna , Rawski Mateusz , Kierończyk Bartosz , Mazurkiewicz Jan
Published: April 2019

A 71-day-long experiment was conducted to evaluate the inclusion of 20% Hermetia illucens (HI) meal; Tenebrio molitor (TM) meal; Gryllodes sigillatus (GS) meal; and Blatta lateralis (BL) meal in comparison to a control diet without any insect-based materials that used fish meal as the main source of protein. A total of 1950 rainbow trout juveniles (53.39 ± 3.74 g) were used. The formulated diets were isonitrogenous (45%) and isoenergetic (10 MJ kg−1). The inclusion of a full-fat insect meal did not affect the survival rate during the experimental period. The growth performance was significantly improved in the BL and TM treatments, while in the HI treatment was not affected. However, the GS treatment had a negative effect on the growth performance. The villus height decreased in the TM and GS treatment groups and increased in the BL diet group. The total number of bacteria increased in all insect meal diet groups. The results of the experiment show that B. lateralis, T. molitor and H. illucens full-fat meals can be used as a partial fish meal replacement without negative effects on survival or growth performance parameters. Moreover, full-fat insect meals may be considered as a protein source and a functional feed component that may positively affect the histomorphological structure of the fish gastrointestinal tract and stimulate the expansion of beneficial bacterial populations in the gut.
Effect of Utilization of Single or Double Prostaglandin Administration Within an Ovsynch Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination Protocol During Summer Season in Dairy Cows
Authors: Morini Giorgio , López-Gatius Fernando , Garcia-Ispierto Irina , De Rensis Fabio
Published: April 2019

This study investigated the fertility of dairy cows during summer season after treatment with a single or double PGF2α in a progesterone (P4)-based Ovsynch protocol for fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI). The data were compared to a treatment effectuated during winter season. Two groups of 60 dairy cows each were randomly assigned on day 60 post-partum to single PGF2α or double PGF2α group. At removal of the P4 treatment the single PGF2α group received a single dose and the double PGF2α group received two doses of PGF2α at 24 hours apart. In each group, 30 cows were treated during the summer (June, July and August) and 30 cows during the winter (December, January and February) season. During summer season a double PGF2α dose did not influence pregnancy rate at FTAI but improved cumulative pregnancy rate 60 days after FTAI (43% vs 69% for single PGF2α and double PGF2α administration, respectively; P<0.05). During winter season the single or double PGF2α administration did not modify PR or cumulative PR. In conclusion, during summer the utilization of a double instead of single PGF2α treatment into a P4-based Ovsynch-FTAI protocol did not increase pregnancy rate at FTAI but improved cumulative pregnancy rate.
Supplemental Effects of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) Leaves on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Blood Biochemistry and Immune Response of Growing Rabbits
Authors: Fathi Moataz , Abdelsalam Magdy , Al-Homidan Ibrahim , Ebeid Tarek , Shehab-El-Deen Mohamed , El-Razik Mohamed Abd , Abou-Emera Osama , Mostafa Mohamed
Published: April 2019

This research aimed to study the effect of dietary eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) leaves powder (EL) on growth performance, blood parameters, immune response and caecal microbiota in 84 growing Jabali and V-Line rabbits raised under high environmental temperature. The experiment started at 10 weeks of age and lasted 6 weeks. Rabbits were randomly distributed into three dietary eucalyptus treatments; control (no EL) and two groups supplemented with 0.1% and 0.2% EL powder. Rabbits were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. Feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were determined. Cell-mediated immune response was evaluated. At the end of the experiment, 54 rabbits were slaughtered (nine rabbits/sub-group). The results showed that the high level of EL (0.2%) had a negative effect on growth performance, dressing %, mid part % and significantly increased cell-mediated response. Rabbits fed the high level of EL showed shortening in caecum length. Significant linear reduction of total bacterial count and E. coli was observed in both groups given either 0.1% or 0.2% EL compared to the control group. Similar trend was found in the percentage of Salmonella sp. detection in both breeds. Jabali rabbits were significantly heavier than V-line rabbits and had better FCR and carcass traits except for fore part %. Additionally, they showed lower total microbial count. The current study indicated that EL could be utilized as an effective feed additive to improve cellular immunity and to reduce caecal bacterial counts in rabbits raised under high ambient temperature.
An Optimized Method of RNA Isolation from Goat Milk Somatic Cells for Transcriptomic Analysis
Authors: Pławińska-Czarnak Joanna , Zarzyńska Joanna , Bogdan Janusz , Majewska Alicja , Karwański Marek , Kizerwetter-Świda Magdalena , Kaba Jarosław , Anusz Krzysztof , Bagnicka Emilia
Published: April 2019

The goat (Capra hircus) is a perfect animal model for analyzing the transcriptome of milk somatic cells (MSCs), as sufficient numbers of somatic cells in goat milk, i.e., exfoliated epithelial cells, can be obtained using noninvasive methods. RNA integrity and purity are the first and most important parameters qualifying samples for transcriptomic tests and next-generation sequencing, as RNA quality influences experimental results. The aim of this study was to optimize a method for obtaining high-quality RNA from goat MSCs, irrespective of effects like breed, lactation stage, health status (e.g., with or without small ruminant lentivirus [SRLV] infection), or number of somatic cells. Milk samples were obtained from goats of two Polish breeds in various lactation stages and in different parities, and from goats infected and not infected with SRLV. Altogether, 412 MSC samples were examined: 206 using method A with fenozol and 206 using method B with QIAzol. Though the overall purity (measured as absorbance ratios at 260 nm/280 nm and 260 nm/230 nm) of the RNA material was comparable, the average yield of RNA isolated using method A was 11.9 µg, while method B’s average yield was 29.9 µg. Moreover, method B resulted in good quality RNA suitable for transcriptome analysis. Results were confirmed by RT-qPCR, using 18S rRNA and RPLP0 as the reference genes. The application of our modified treatment method was successful in obtaining high-integrity samples for transcriptomic or next-generation sequencing analysis. Using a 400 mL milk sample cooled in ice directly after milking, securing the cooling chain process from milking to MSC isolation, and applying method B to isolate RNA, we obtained good RNA quality irrespective of the goats’ breed, lactation stage, parity, milk yield, SRLV infection, and even milk yield and number of somatic cells in milk.
Study on PLA/PA11 Bio-Based Toughening Melt-Blown Nonwovens
Authors: Zhu Feichao , Yu Bin , Su Juanjuan , Han Jian
Published: April 2019

With aim to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) melt-blown nonwovens (MBs), polyamide 11 (PA11) was melt blended with PLA at the weight proportions of PLA/PA11 (95/5, 90/10, 85/15, 80/20), and the corresponding PLA/PA11 MBs were also manufactured. The crystallization, thermal and rheological behaviors of PLA/PA11 blends were investigated. PLA/PA11 MBs were also characterized by morphology and mechanical properties. The results indicated that PA11, as globular dispersed phases, formed confined crystals and could improve the thermal stability of PLA matrix. The viscosity of PLA/PA11 blends was slightly increased but the rheological behaviors of “shear-thinning” kept unchanged in comparison with PLA. The average diameter of PLA/PA11 MB fibers was slightly increased, whereas the toughness of PLA/PA11 MBs including the strength and elongation were efficiently enhanced compared with those of PLA MBs.
Study on the Trajectory of Free-End Fiber in Jet Vortex Spinning Based on the Elastic Thin-Rod Finite Element Model of Flexible Fiber
Authors: Han Chenchen , Gao Weidong , Chen Lifen
Published: April 2019

During the air flow twisting process of jet vortex spinning, the moving characteristics of flexible free-end fiber are complex. In this paper, the finite element model of the fiber is established based on elastic thin rod element. According to the air pressure and velocity distribution in the airflow twisting chamber of jet vortex spinning, this paper analyzes the undetermined coefficients of the finite element kinetic differential equation of the free-end fiber following the principle of mechanical equilibrium, energy conservation, mass conservation and momentum conservation. Based on numerical simulation, this paper gets the trajectory of the free-end fiber. Finally, the theoretical result of the free-end fiber trajectory by finite element simulating is tested by an experimental method. This paper has proposed a new method to study the movement of the fiber and learn about the process and principle of jet vortex spinning.
Analysis of Stress and Strain to Determine the Pressure Changes in Tight-Fitting Garment
Authors: Jariyapunya Nareerut , Musilová Blažena
Published: April 2019

Based on the mechanical properties of stretch fabrics and Laplace’s law, the mathematical models have been developed enabling one to determine the values of the relationship between the fabric strain and the circumferential stress depending on pressure and diameter of the body. The results obtained refer to the values of the parameters assessed for the initial phase of their exploitation, which allow us to preliminarily predict the values of these parameters.
Sewability (Based on Needle Penetration Force) of 1 × 1 Rib Knitted Fabrics Produced with Separate Ends of Yarns
Authors: Ala Deniz Mutlu , Bakıcı Gamze Gülşen
Published: April 2019

Needle penetration force (NPF) is one of the main factors, which is used to determine fabric sewability. In this study, it was aimed to investigate sewability (based on NPF) of 1 × 1 rib knitted fabrics, which were produced by the separate ends of yarns. 18 types of fabrics were knitted with Ne 30/1 yarns with variations of stitch density and number of separate ends, whereas the other parameters were constant. Sewability tests were applied to fabrics after pretreatment and relaxation procedures by using the L&M sewability tester. As a result, it was seen that the number of separate ends and the stitch density have influence on the needle penetration values of 1 × 1 rib knitted fabrics.
Structural Constructs and Ease Reduction Treatment Interface Related to Cling Fit
Authors: Venkatasamy Nithyaprakash , Dhandapani Saravanan
Published: April 2019

Garment cling fit is a proximal fit that emphasizes close clinging contour lines of the apparel maintained by it on the human body in regular postures and while performing primary movements. To understand the nature of interface between ease reduction treatments and structural constructs, three-dimensional (3D) modeling of human body using body mapping concept and ease reduction treatment’s role in explaining the garment strain patterns in cling fit conditions were investigated. We report the impact of ease reduction treatment that defines the proportions and measurements of the cling fit pattern with reference to human body surface profile.
Compressive Property of an Auxetic-Knitted Composite Tube Under Quasi-Static Loading
Authors: Boakye Andrews , Raji Rafui King , Ma Pibo , Cong Honglian
Published: April 2019

This research investigates the compressive property of a novel composite based on a weft-knitted auxetic tube subjected to a quasi-static compression test. In order to maximize the influence of the fiber content on the compression test, a Kevlar yarn was used in knitting the tubular samples using three different auxetic arrow-head structures (i.e. 4 × 4, 6 × 6 and 8 × 8 structure). A quasi-static compression test was conducted under two different impact loading speeds (i.e. 5 mm/min and 15 mm/min loading speed). The results indicate that the energy absorption (EA) property of the auxetic composite is highly influenced by the auxeticity of the knitted tubular fabric.
Effect of famotidine in combination with antiepileptic drugs on locomotor activity in mice
Authors: Swiader Mariusz J. , Swiader Katarzyna , Zakrocka Izabela , Munir Darin
Published: April 2019

Histamine type 2 receptor antagonists are one of the most commonly used agents to treat peptic ulcer disease. Since patients with epilepsy may have many comorbidities, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of one of the strongest second generation histamine type 2 receptor antagonist, famotidine, on the exploratory and spontaneous activity in mice after 1 or 7 days treatment. Additionally, the interaction between famotidine and antiepileptics: carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital or valproate and their effect on animals activity was also evaluated. Locomotor activity was monitored electronically using a Digiscan analyzer in relation to ambulatory and rearing activities, as well as total distance travelled by animals during 15 minute periods. Results of our study indicate that famotidine administered alone did not modulate three variables of exploratory motor activity (horizontal activity, total distance and vertical activity) in mice. On the other hand, famotidine co-administered with valproate (1 day) or phenobarbital (1 day or 7 days) worsened vertical activity in mice in exploratory time. Similarly, impairment in horizontal activity in mice was observed when famotidine was given with phenobarbital (1 or 7 days). An increase in total distance in mice after famotidine alone or in combination with tested antiepileptic drugs was also shown. Moreover, famotidine alone or together with antiepileptic agents significantly impaired spontaneous locomotor activity in mice. The presented results show that famotidine administration to patients with epilepsy should be considered as potentially hazardous.