bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on DNA/Fe3O4 (Core) /ZrO2（Shell）one Dimension Magnetic Probes for Carcino-Embryonic Antigen
Authors: Hu Fu Tao , Wu Yuan Zao , Cao Yu Ting , Gan Ning
Published: August 2011

A novel and sensitive electrochemical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system of Hydroquinones (HQ)- peroxide hydantoin (CP) -horseradish-peroxidase (HRP) by using magnetic DNA linked core-shell Fe3O4@ZrO2（ZMPs）nanoparticles as labels and signal amplification was established. In the presence of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) analyte, the sandwich-type immunocomplex could be formed between HRP labeled CEA second antibody（CEA Ab2） modified DNA-ZMPs probes (DNA / (ZMPs-HRP-CEA Ab2) n) and nano-gold CEA modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE | CEA Ab1) as an immune electrode.The concentration of CEA was determined based on the current signal, which was generated in the reaction between HQ and CP catalyzed by HRP on the sandwich-type immunocomplex. ZMPs nanoparticles as label material can not only perform the rapid separation and purification of signal antibody on magnetic field, but also immensely enhance the labeled capacity of HRP-anti-CEA which can amplify the catalytic current signal. Furthermore, the electrode modification process was not required. The method provided a linear response range between 0.01 and 200 ng·mL-1with a detection limit of 4 pg·mL-1.Moreover, the proposed electrochemical ELISA method exhibited good precision, high sensitivity and acceptable reproducibility, and could be further developed for clinical detections of CEA and other biomarkers.
Deformation and Acoustics Parameters Feature of Recycled Concrete under Cyclic Loading
Authors: Luo Xing Wen , Yao Hai Lin
Published: August 2011

Concrete demolition waste has been proved to be an excellent source of aggregates for new concrete production. Four types of recycled concrete specimens were made for cyclic loading tests in laboratory, in order to research the acoustics parameters and deformation feature of recycled concrete under cyclic loading. Acoustics parameters such as ultrasonic wave time, ultrasonic velocity and ultrasonic amplitude of recycled concrete were tested synchronously while recycled concrete were loaded. Test results show the evolution of fatigue total strain of recycled concrete undergoes three stages. The cycle times in the three stages accounted for 10%, 80% and 10% of the fatigue life respectively. These stages can be simulated by power function equations, first-order linear equations and exponential functions accordingly. Tests results show that wave time increased with the rise of cyclic times, while wave amplitude decreased in the same time.
Formation of Graphite Encapsulated Nickel Nanoparticles by Ball Milling and Annealing of Expanded Graphite with Nickel
Authors: Yue Xue Qing , Fu Hai Jun , Li Da Jun
Published: August 2011

Graphite encapsulated nickel nanoparticles were prepared by ball milling andsubsequently annealing a mixture of expanded graphite with nickel powders. The products were characterized by transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. The formation mechanism of the products was discussed. Results show that the products have a size range of 20-150 nm. The graphite and nickel in the products all exhibit a high crystallinity.
Modeling of Phase Transformation Behaviors of Shape Memory Alloy Associated with Temperature Memory Effect
Authors: Zhou Bo , Zhao Shi Cheng
Published: August 2011

The temperature memory effect of shape memory alloy (SMA) induced by an incomplete martensitic inverse phase transformation has the potential values in various engineering fields. It is of theoretical and practical interests to establish a phase transformation model which overcomes the limitation that previous phase transformation models of SMA fail to take into account the temperature memory effect. In this paper, the curves of heat flow versus temperature of SMA during the martensitic phase transformation and martensitic inverse phase transformation are described as the quadratic functions of temperature. A new phase transformation model of SMA is developed based on the differential relationship between martensitic volume fraction and phase transformation free energy. Numerical results show that the new model well predicts the phase transformation behaviors of SMA associated with the temperature memory effect.
Effect of Expansion Temperature of Expandable Graphite on Anti-Friction Effect of Graphite Nonasheets from Sonicating Expanded Graphite
Authors: Duan Wen Yan
Published: August 2011

Three graphite nanosheets were prepared by sonicating three expanded graphites that were formed by rapidly heating expandable graphite at 600, 800 and 1000 °C, respectively. The graphite nanosheets were characterized by scanning electron microscope. The anti-friction effects of the graphite nanosheets used as lubricating additives were investigated. The results show that the size of the graphite nanosheets decreases with increasing the temperature of expandable graphite. The graphite nanosheets have an obvious anti-friction effect, and the effect is related to the heating temperature.
Material Characteristics of Zinc Oxide Doped Aluminum for Microharvesting
Authors: Chang Wen Yang , Fang Te Hua , Syu Cheng Hong
Published: August 2011

Material characteristics of Zinc Oxide doped Al are investigated for microharvester. The microharvester include two parts, the first part is zigzag structures on silicon wafer using MEMS fabrication, and the second part is epitaxial ZnO with doping Al nanostructures on ITO glass using aqueous solution. The effects of the growth temperature, growth concentration, Al-doped for ZnO epitaxial growth, and AZO microharvesting are determined. Results show the percent transmittance decreases with increasing growth concentration ratio and the peak intensity of the (002) orientation increased with increasing growth temperature. The ZnO doped Al with zigzag structures have good efficiency of microharvesting due to its larger geometrical strain to area ratio.
Inductor-Based Active Balancing of Li-Ion Battery
Authors: Xie Jia Ping , Wei Xue Zhe , Dai Hai Feng
Published: August 2011

The necessity of the Li-ion battery balancing is elaborated by this paper. It also introduces the classification of the balancing method existed and compares the advantages and disadvantages of various balancing circuit. By comparison, we focus on researching on the inductor-based active balancing of Li-ion battery, and prospect the direction of the balancing circuit.
The Fracture of Concrete Based on Acoustic Emission
Authors: Hu Shao Wei , Lu Jun , Fan Xiang Qian
Published: August 2011

As a modern nondestructive testing technology,acoustic emission which is the important research of fracture mechanics analysis method and the effective ways of evaluation, can convenient to discrimination of concrete structures, properties and internal defects of concrete material. Firstly this article expounded the research progress of the acoustic emission at home and abroad in the field of concrete, especially in the field of research progress of concrete dam.Through the improvement of testing equipment and testing system, concrete fracture parameters had been introduced into the acoustic emission experiments. Not only can they control the loading rate in the test accurately, but also can monitor the real-time of crack state.The specimens can be accurately judged for the specimen cracking and instability and failure of the moment and characteristics.According to the concrete fracture critical state of acoustic emission characteristics identification, fracture criterion of acoustic emission of concrete had been established.Experimental results showed that the acoustic emission characteristic parameters can be accurate judged on time and in good agreement with traditional strain measurements. This criterion is more intuitive and easier for operation. Thus acoustic emission provides a theoretical and technical support in the concrete application of the fracture parameters test.
Life Degeneration Rule on 2A12 Aluminium Alloy with Corrosion and Fatigue Experiment
Authors: Zhang Hai Wei , He Yu Ting , Wu Li Ming , Ding Hua , Shao Qing
Published: August 2011

2A12 specimens are selected in pre-corrosion fatigue test to get the ground corrosion effect coefficient, namely C(t) curve. Then, combining with Miner linear cumulative damage theory, theoretical fatigue life model is established based on the simulated corrosion-fatigue interactive process. Compared with actual corrosion-fatigue interactive test, theoretical life in short interactive periods is almost same, but actual life is higher in long interactive periods. Afterwards, a modified model based on C(t) curve at different interactive periods is established. The calculation shows that the modified results are in good agreement with the corrosion-fatigue interactive test.
Transformation of Quantum States in Quantum Computation
Authors: Lu Jun
Published: August 2011

Quantum computation is based on transformation of quantum states. Quantum bits are two-level quantum systems, and as the simplest elementary building blocks for a quantum computer, they provide a convenient labeling for pairs of states and their physical realizations. Closed quantum systems evolve unitarily as determined by their Hamiltonians, but to perform quantum computation one must be able to control the Hamiltonian to effect an arbitrary selection from a universal family of unitary transformations.
PLS Regression on Coal Infrared Spectrum with Wavelet Pre-Processing
Authors: Wang Yan Ming , Shi Gou Qing , Zhong Xiao Xing , Wang De Ming
Published: August 2011

Study on multivariate calibration for infrared spectrum of coal was presented. The discrete wavelet transformation as pre-processing tool was carried out to decompose the infrared spectrum and compress the data set. The compressed data regression model was applied to simultaneous multi-component determination for coal contents. Compression performance with several wavelet functions at different resolution scales was studied, and prediction ability of the compressed regression model was investigated. Numerical experiment results show that the wavelet transform performs an effective compression preprocessing technique in multivariate calibration and enhances the ability in characteristic extraction of coal infrared spectrum. Using the compressed data regression model, the reconstructing results are almost identical compared to the original spectrum, and the original size of the data set has been reduced to about 5% while the computational time needed decreases significantly.
The Effect of Sodium Sulfate on the Dispersion of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer
Authors: Lv Sheng Hua , Duan Jian Ping , Gao Rui Jun
Published: August 2011

The effect of sodium sulfate on the dispersion of polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PC) was studied in this paper. The study of fluidity of cement paste shown that the carboxyl groups did more to improve the fluidity of cement paste than the sulfonic groups, and a quick loss of fluidity was much more likely arisen by slufonic groups in PC comparing with the carboxyl groups. The methods of zeta potential and fluidity of cement paste were applied to investigate the dispersal ability of cement particles when different PC used in the present of different concentration of sodium sulfate. The result showed that the sulfonic group was more sensitive to sodium sulfate than carboxyl groups in PC.
The Performance and Antiwear Mechanism of 3-(N-mono-n- butylaminomethyl) Quinazolin-4-One as Additive in Liquid Paraffin
Authors: Ping Ou Yang , Zhang Xian Ming
Published: August 2011

A heterocyclic derivative of 3-(N-mono-n-butylaminomethyl) quinazolin-4-one was synthesized and its tribological behavior as an ashless additve without phosphorus and sulphur in liquid paraffin was evaluated using a four-ball tester. On the basis of the experimental results, the novel additive has been found to be quite effective as a potential additive in liquid paraffin. The nature of the film on the rubbed surface was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
Phosphorus Removed by High Calcium Fly Ash Ceramsite in Artificial Biological Filter Bed
Authors: Cao Shi Wei , Chen Wei , Jing Zhao Qian
Published: August 2011

Fly ash Ceramsite, Artificial Biofilter Bed, Dry Umbrella Bamboo, Phosphorus Removal Abstract: High calcium fly ash ceramsite had tremendous surface area and porosity, the unit weight of fly ash adsorption column adsorption capacity of ceramsite was 0.032mg•g-1, which was higher than normal calcium fly ash ceramsite adsorption capacity. The fix adsorption column tests showed that the adsorption capacity got stable when the contact time was 3 hours and the saturation adsorption was got at the ninth hour. The result of subsequent tests showed that the phosphorus resolve would not occur if the adsorption condition doesn’t change. The pilot test with actual wastewater was done and the results showed that the PO43- concentrations of effluent were less than 0.2mg•L-1 and the removal rate reached 90%, dry umbrella bamboo was the most suitable aquatic plant. The artificial biological filter process monitoring showed that the phosphorus of the sewage was mainly removed in the front of artificial biological filter bed.
Linear Location of Acoustic Emission Source Based on LS-SVR and NGA
Authors: Yu Jing Tao , Ding Ming Li , Wang Qi
Published: August 2011

To solve the fatigue damage location problem of helicopter moving component, a new approach for linear location of acoustic emission (AE) source based on least squares support vector machine for regression (LS-SVR) and niche genetic algorithm (NGA) was proposed. Several time domain parameters of AE signal were taken as the inputs, and the linear coordinates of the breakpoints as the output. The sharing function based niche genetic algorithm is used to select the LS-SVR parameters automatically. The results of pencil lead break location experiment on specimen of carbon fiber materials indicate that the proposed approach can implement linear location of AE source effectively, and has better performance on convergence rate and location accuracy than RBF and BP neural network.
Heat Transfer Model for Solidification Process of NH4Cl Solution
Authors: Jin Yan , Tian Zhi Bing
Published: August 2011

In this thesis, a unidirectional solidification model of NH4Cl solution is developed. The dynamics processes of the unidirectional solidification, such as temperature distribution and the location of phase interface are simulated timely. Based on those result data, the heat and mass transfer characteristic is analyzed. And it is found that with the stirring of the liquid zone, the temperature gradient in the liquid zone is decreased from 194 K/m to 24 K/m, and the thickness of the mush zone is enlarged.
Analysis of Vibration and Sound Propagation in a Fluid-Filled Pipe
Authors: Yan Jin , Zhang Shi Liang , Zhang Juan
Published: August 2011

Pipelines are used widely to convey fluids and gases in the petrochemical, water, and energy sectors. Vibration, noise and fatigue failure of pipelines are serious problems in many engineering situations, especially in ship and ocean engineering areas. In this paper, the acoustic propagation and attenuation characteristics of axisymmetrical eigenmodes in a cylindrical, elastic, fluid-filled pipe are investigated analytically. Pipe equations for n=0 axisymmetrical wave motion are derived, and analytical expressions of wavenumber are obtained for s=1 and s=2 wave, which correspond to a fluid dominated wave and an axial shell wave, respectively. The numerical results for wavenumber of pipe and fluid are obtained and discussed. It shows that the frequency dependent phase velocity of this mode depend strongly upon the shell thickness/radius ratio and the density of the contained fluid. It seems that this analysis method is simple and effective.
Optimizing the Performance for Nonbonded Force Calculation of Chemical Simulation on CBEA
Authors: Feng Guo Fu , Wang Ming , Chen Ming , Chi Tao
Published: August 2011

The molecular dynamics tool usually employs a neighbor list that contains the particle pairs for which non-bonded forces would be calculated. Though accessing to the array of atoms’ position and force does not exhibit a cache friendly pattern on a computer during the nonbonded force calculation, the neighbor list could be referred as a directive for the memory access. Designing specific data prefetching policy according to the neighbour list which was generated before the calculation can reduce the latency of memory access and improve the molecular dynamics simulation process. In this paper, an optimization memory access method referred by particle neighbor list based on CBEA was proposed. The experimental result shows that the proposed method reduces the latency of memory access and improves performance of the molecular-dynamics-based chemical simulation greatly.
Preparation of Aromatic Aldehydes from Lignin Oxidation with a Perovskite-Type Catalyst
Authors: Wang Bin , Long Zhu
Published: August 2011

In order to study the morphology and catalytic oxidation performance of LaMnO3 nanoparticles after A or B site doping , the sol-gel methods is applied, the La1-xSrxMnO3 and LaCuxMn1-xO3（x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) nanoparticles are prepared. The diameter of particles and morphology-distribution of naniparticles with different doping amounts are analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scan electric microscope (SEM) and related software. With the framework of the experiment, the average diameter of particles is between 16-21nm with better chemical homogeneity and have higher surface area. At the same time, the catalytic oxidation of nanoparticle under different doping amounts is also studied. Tests results show that nanoparticle has excellent catalytic oxidation performance, and with the increase of doping amount, the catalytic activity of the particle increase first and decrease afterwards with the increase of A or B site doping amount, the best performance presents at X=0.2 of A or B doping concentration. The effect of lattice deformation arising from the dopants, which leads to the decrease of the catalytic performance, can not be ignored at higher doping concentration anymore. Under the same doping amounts, the catalytic performance of B-site doped is better than A-site.
Third-Order Optical Nonlinearity of a 1,3-Bis(2,4,6-Trihydroxy-Phenyl)Squaraine
Authors: Li Zhong Yu , Xu Song , Du Ying
Published: August 2011

The magnitude and dynamic response of the third-order optical nonlinearity of a 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trihydroxy-phenyl)squaraine was measured by femtosecond degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) technique at 800 nm. Ultrafast optical response has been observed and the magnitude of the second-order hyperpolarizability of the studied squaraine was measured as large as 3.8 ×10-31 esu. The large optical nonlinearities of the squaraine can be attributed to their rigid and intramolecular charge transfer structure, and the instantaneous NLO response of squaraine is mainly contributed from the electron delocalization.
Synthesis and Properties of Phenolic Syntan with HRP Catalysis
Authors: Lv Sheng Hua , Hou Ming Ming
Published: August 2011

A phenolic syntan GA-SHBS had been synthesized by radical copolymerization of gallic acid (GA) and sodium 4-hydroxybenzenesulfonate (SHBS) using horseradish peroxides (HRP)/H2O2 as catalyst. The effects of monomer ratio, reaction temperature and HRP dosage on syntan were discussed. The optimum performance of GA-SHBS was got when the molar ratio of GA: SHBS is 1:1 in the presence of 5 mg HRP at 35°C in pH 7.0. The chemical structure of copolymer was characterized by means of FTIR and NMR. The mechanism of polymerization between GA and SHBS and binding mechanism between syntans and leather fibers were proposed. The copolymer was used in making leather as tanning agent and retanning agent respectively, applied results showed that the Ts of tanned leather can reach to 75.6°C, re-tanned leather has the merits of good uniformity, fullness, softness, fine grain and non-plastic feel etc. Syntan also has good permeability, excellent tanning performance and dyeing effect.
Preparation and Properties of Copolymer of Methacrylic Acid and Acrylamide onto Degraded Chitosan Initiated by HRP/H2O2/ACAC
Authors: Lv Sheng Hua , Yan Xiao Liang , Gao Rui Jun
Published: August 2011

The chitosan was degraded by hydrochloric acid and the effects of concentration of chitosan, amount of hydrochloric acid, reaction temperature and reaction time on the viscosity of chitosan were investigated. The results showed that the degraded chitosan with low viscosity could be prepared when chitosan (wt 6%) was dissolved in acetic acid solution and hydrochloric acid (wt 3%) at 90°C for 6 h to decrease the viscosity from 7.52 mPa·s to 2.48 mPa·s. Then, a graft copolymer was synthesized by copolymerization of degraded chitosan with methacrylic acid (MAA) and acrylamide (AAM) by using horseradish peroxidase (HRP)/H2O2/acetylacetone (ACAC) as initiator. The structures of original chitosan, degraded chitosan and the copolymer were characterized by FTIR. The copolymer was applied to the leather industry as an amphoteric retanning agent. The applied results showed that the retanned leather had the merits of good uniformity fullness softness, strong selecting filling properties, good dyeing ability and antimicrobial activity.
Sol-Gel Derived Gradient Biocoatings on Titanium Alloy
Authors: He Dai Hua , Zhao Qian , Wang Chang Bao , Zhang Hao , Zhang Xiao Run , Liu Ping , Liu Xin Kuan
Published: August 2011

The bioceramic hydroxyapaptie (HA) is frequently used as coat in titanium medical implants improving bone fixation and thus increasing a lifetime of the implant. However, its joining to the titanium alloy is not satisfactorily good. The aim of this work is to produce TiO2and HA gradient coatings on Ti6Al4V alloy to improve the interface joining. Compared the microstructures of cross section of Ti6Al4V-HA coating and Ti6Al4V-TiO2/HA gradient coatings. HA coatings were obtained by sol-gel method with sol solutions prepared from calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and triethyl phosphate as the calcium and phosphorous sources. And TiO2 coatings were obtained from Tetra Butyl Titanate and absolute ethyl alcohol as the sources by sol-gel method too. The configuration and structure were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The results demonstrated that the TiO2/HA gradient coatings have a homogeneous microstructure. The TiO2coating made the HA coating adhere to the Ti-6Al-4V substrate well.
Microstructures and Properties of Ti-Nb Alloys Produced by Powder Metallurgy
Authors: Zhou Zheng Cun , Du J. , Yang H. , Gu S.Y. , Yan Y.J.
Published: August 2011

Ti-Nb alloys were prepared by powder metallurgy. Their microstructures are detected by the XRD diffraction and are observed using an optical microscope. The mechanical properties are tested using a dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) Q800 from TA Instruments in single cantilever mode and using a 100 KN MTS testing machine with control software. It has been found that the sintered Ti-Nb alloys possess the stable α and β phases and the amount in β phase increases with increasing Nb content. The water quenched Ti-35.4Nb alloy contains α,,and βM. The as-sintered alloy has higher yield stress and storage modulus than the water quenched Ti-35.4Nb alloy, which is resulted from the α phase with high modulus in the as-sintered alloy. The ω phase can be precipitated from βMwhen the water quenched Ti-35.4Nb alloy is aged at 300 °C, causing the modulus to increase since ω phase has large modulus.
Study on the CNTs Strengthening Metal Matrix Composite and its Properties
Authors: Sheng Yong Hua , Dai Hu Min , Zhang Li
Published: August 2011

Using mixing casting method, in-situ composite technology, rapid solidification process and powder metallurgic method etc. can parpare metal matrix nano composites successfully. Comparing with other preparing methods, mixing casting method is with many advantages such as easy to manipulate, low cost, the composites obtained with better properties. CNTs strengthening metal matrix composites are with more dense organization and higher tensile strength, micro hardness, fatigue strength, and abrasive resistance etc. comparing with traditional metal matrix composites. So CNTs strengthening metal matrix composites are widely applied in industrial areas. In this article, the prepare methods of CNTs strengthening metal matrix composites are summed up, the micro organization and mechanical properties of CNTs strengthening metal matrix composites are described and whose future work is prospected.
Atomics Simulation of Cutting Velocity Dependency in AFM-Based Nanomachining Process
Authors: Chen Jia Xuan , Liang Ying Chun , Wang Li Quan , Hu Xing Lei
Published: August 2011

Three-dimensional molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the AFM-based nanometric cutting process of single crystal copper. The effects of cutting velocities (180, 360, and720 m/s) on the cutting force, the ratio of the thrust force and cutting force and subsurface layers. The results show that the dislocations nucleate beneath the tool, and propagate along the [-11-1] direction in the (111) plane. The effects of the nanocutting action from the tool on the subsurface damaged layers decrease gradually as the distance from the tool tip increases. With the increasing cutting speed, the cutting forces increase accordingly. However, the ratio of the the ratio the thrust force and cutting force decrease as the cutting speeds increase. With the proceeding of the cutting process, that tends to the same on the whole.
Fluid’s Flow Parameters Research of Piping Bifurcation Layout
Authors: Zhang Ru Qi
Published: August 2011

The junction and flow distributing of Yangtze River’s main stream or branch, the underground gate valve of every interception and reservoir are all placed branch. In order to find flow parameters of algorithms when the water system needs the pipeline bifurcation layout, the fluid energy equation was built based on the differential equation of fluid motion because it force only the steady flow and the gravity in the quality. By further analysis of the equation, derive that fluid total energy equation when merging flow bifurcation layout in a underground drainage piping as an example, demonstrate the use of the equation. Theoretical calculations were consistent with actual measurements and provided a theoretical basis for the engineering design and calculation.
Structural Time History Response Analysis of Bidirectional Seismic Input
Authors: Bai Ya Shuang , Sun Jing Jiang , Xu Guo Lin , Liu Yuan Cai
Published: August 2011

In this paper, 6 eccentric structural models are selected as examples, a great many elastic earthquake response analyses are carried out. The biggest action effect which an earthquake brings about when acting in one direction along certain angle is found out, and is defined as a normal value. Simultaneously, the present two commonly used methods using bidirectional horizontal earthquake input, with identical horizontal component earthquake waves, are used to calculate effect value. The results are compared, and they indicate that it's suitable for the proportion of the two component earthquake acceleration peak values to be adjusted to 1:0.3，when carrying out the bidirectional horizontal earthquake input with the same earthquake wave.
Experimental Research on Machining Process for Convex Curved Rake Face of Pinion Cutter
Authors: Li Xue Guang , Shi Guo Quan , Zhang Shu Ren , Song Lin Sen
Published: August 2011

According to the new profiling characteristic of carbide pinion cutter with convex curved rake face, the machining process of convex curved rake face is designed, the special grinding equipment is designed and developed. Tool presetting and detecting equipment is developed by using laser sensor. It can be used to locate the initial location of grinding wheel precisely when convex curved rake face is machining. The tool path for CNC machining is solved. The grinding experiment is done for convex curved rake face of pinion cutter with 21teeth and 5modulus , different process parameters are established. The ideal surface roughness is obtained. The experiment result shows that the grinding equipment and tool presetting equipment are proper for machining requirements of convex curved rake face of pinion cutter.
Life Cycle VV&A Simulation Modeling Process Based on Validation
Authors: Sun Jun , Zhang Bei Ke , Wu Chong Guang
Published: August 2011

Simulation modeling VV&A is verification, validation and accreditation. In the field of petrochemical industry, focus of VV&A still lays on the model validation, and people always do appropriate model verification, validation work after model development. It does not yet formed a complete hierarchy or framework for effective implementation of life cycle VV&A. This paper referenced the research achievement of military simulation modeling and test-driven software development technology, introduced the modeling VV&A technology into the whole life of the model development. Simulation modeling process based on validation discussed in this paper is totally based on validation, and it is carried out closely around VV&A from appearance of the first idea to the final application. As a result, people can completely control the whole process of model development. At the same time of improving model accuracy, reliability and credibility, such process could greatly improve the efficiency of model development and effectively reduce the model development period. And this process can be also applied to system-level, complex object.
Dynamic Response of Pre/Post Buckled Thin-Walled Structure under Thermo-Acoustic Loading
Authors: Sha Yun Dong , Li Ji Yong , Gao Zhi Jun
Published: August 2011

Advanced aircraft and spacecraft structures are exposed to increasingly severe operating environments, including a combination of mechanical, aerodynamic, acoustic and thermal loads. Such loading conditions can cause thin-walled structures to respond in a nonlinear fashion and exhibit complex response characteristics. This paper investigates the dynamic response of pre/post buckled thin-walled structure under high level random acoustic loading. Firstly, different orders of critical buckling temperatures and modal frequencies under alternative temperatures are obtained using Finite Element Method (FEM), and the modal frequency changes in a disorder fashion are discussed in detail. Then with coupled BEM/FEM method, the dynamic responses including transverse displacement, strain and stress of a stiffened rectangular plate under thermo-acoustic loading are simulated. By comparing the response characteristics of the plate in pre/post buckled conditions, some valuable conclusions are derived, which can be used to explain the response behaviours of thin-walled structures.
Studies on Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue by Eu3+/Gd3+ Co-Doped TiO2
Authors: Lu Xu Dong , Jiang Cheng Zhi , Zhu Xiao Hui
Published: August 2011

The 0.05%Gd3+ /0.4%Eu3+ co-doped TiO2 composite nanopowders have been prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by the techniques such as XRD, SEM/EDAX. The photocatalytic degradation of Methylene blue in aqueous solution was used as a probe reaction to evaluate their photocatalytic activity. The results show that the 0.05%Gd3+ /0.4%Eu3+ co-doped TiO2 are only structuresd by anatase phase with grain sizes of about 16nm at 540 °C for 4 h. The photocatalutic degradation of Methylene blue was 96.7% in 120 min of irradiation when the pH value was 9.
An Algorithm to Prediction the Radial Runout of Cylindrical Roller Bearings
Authors: Liu Yong Gang , Li Ji Shun , Shi Wen Xiang , Jia Xian Zhao
Published: August 2011

Radial runout is a major performance parameter of running accuracy of bearings. In order to increase the running accuracy of cylindrical roller bearings, a new algorithm is presented. Firstly, the principle of program is researched under some suitable conditions. Secondly, the process and structure of program is described in detail. In the end, the influence of the size of roundness error on the radial runout of bearings is researched. The results show that the radial runout increases 7 times higher with the increase of roundness error size of outer ring.
Numerical Seismic Analysis of Simply-Supported Girder Railway Bridge under High-Speed Train Load
Authors: Wang Hui , Ding Guo , Tang Huan , Chen Ling Kun
Published: August 2011

Along with rapid development of high-speed railway in many countries, recently research on seismic response of high-speed railway bridge under train load has raised much concern among researchers. The whole bridge finite element model is establish to analysis the seismic responses of simply-supported girder railway bridge subjected to high-speed train in this paper, ICE series high speed vehicle is employed as train live load, the vehicle is simulated by moving spring-mass system, The track irregularities can be obtained by Simpack software, the birdge incluing superstructure and substructure is three-dimensional space beam element, the bottom of piers is proposed consolidated. elastic seismic responses of bridge system and elastic-plastic deformation of piers considering different train speeds are calculated. The calculation results indicate that, seismic responses of bridge system are increase with the increase of train speed and earthquake intensity, and the bottom of piers will step into elastic-plasticity stage under high-level earthquake, the plastic hinges occurred within 1.4 meters of bottom of pier. The numerical results can provide some references for design of high-speed railway bridge.
DEM Simulation in Effects of the Section Structure of Smooth Rigid Wheel on Dynaminc Mechanical Behavior of Lunar Soil Simulant
Authors: Zhou Gui Fen , Liu Fang , Zhang Rui , Xu Shu Cai , Hu Ye Liang , Li Jian Qiao
Published: August 2011

The simulation system between smooth rigid wheel and lunar soil by Discrete Element Method (DEM) was established and validated. Three section structures of smooth rigid wheel, including flat, concave and convex structures were designed. The effects of these three different wheel section structures on dynamic mechanical behaviors of lunar soil simulant were simulated by PFC2D®. The simulation results indicated that the concave section structure of smooth rigid wheel has the best anti-sinkage ability, the convex section structure has the good anti-sinkage ability, and the flat section structure has the worst anti-sinkage ability.
An Inversion of Site Response and Medium Parameters of Shaanxi Area Using Records of the Wenchuan Aftershocks
Authors: Shao Hui Cheng , Zhu Xing Yun , Luo Ci Jian
Published: August 2011

In this paper, Lg wave records of 43 strong aftershocks in the northern segment of Wenchuan aftershock area recorded by 25 stations of Shaanxi digital network are used. Based on spectral ratio method, a joint inversion method is used to obtain parameters of Lg wave attenuation and site response. In the range of 0.5~7 Hz, the Lg wave attenuation coefficient corresponding to UD, EW and NS components are γ(f)=0.0045f0.327,γ(f)=0.0034f0.417 and γ(f)=0.0036f0.393, respectively. The results show that all stations have site effects lower than 5 in the low frequency, the stations in the Weihe basin as Lint, Jyat and etc do not show obvious amplification, but the stations in the Qinling Mountain show obvious amplification in the high frequencies. At the same time, the results mentioned above are also compared with the that retrieved from small earthquakes.
The Implicit Euler Form of Walker Viscoplastic Constitutive Model
Authors: Wang Qing Wu , Zhang Shi Hui
Published: August 2011

In this paper, in the Walker viscoplastic constitutive model equations are rewritten and the implicit Euler integration form of the Walker model is obtained. Furthermore, using this integration form, the subroutine HYPELA in MSC.Marc software has been coded. The finite element analyses, using subroutine HYPELA have been performed on HASTELLOY-X material, and the comparison between the implicit Euler integration and the explicit Euler integration has been done.
The Relationship between Nanocrystalline Structure and Frictional Properties of Nanodiamond/Ni Composite Coatings by Brush Plating
Authors: Li Ying , Li Bian Xiao , Zou Wen Jun
Published: August 2011

Nanodiamond/Ni and Ni coatings were fabricated via brush plating. Nanocrystalline structure of the composite coating was investigated by SEM and XRD. The results showed that the composite coatings are nanocrystalline structure. The hardness of the nanodiamond/Ni composite coating is higher greatly than that of Ni coating. At same time, the reasons of formation nanocrystalline were discussed, which include the nucleation rate with the increase of a high over-potential, the reciprocating motion between brush and work piece, the heterogeneous nucleation of nanodiamond. The nanodiamonds as second phases make grain finer. The nanodiamonds of core-shell structure play the important role in wear resistance and antifriction. So the wear resistance of the composite coatings is significantly higher than nickel coating’s.
Film Thickness-Dependent Microstructures and Dielectric Properties of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Thick Films by Sol-Gel Processing
Authors: Zhang Ya Ting , Chou Xiu Jian , Geng Wen Ping , Tian Ying , Xiong Ji Jun , Guo Tao
Published: August 2011

Lead zirconate titanate thick films with thickness of 1-3μm have been prepared by a sol-gel process. Influence of film thickness on microstructures and dielectric properties of the films were investigated. The film thickness dependent of microstructures was studied by XRD and Raman spectrum. The PZT films were dense and possessed preferential crystal orientation. Ferroelectricity and dielectric properties were confirmed by P–E hysteresis loops and C-E measurements. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the film with thickness of 3.045μm were 2000 and 0.055, respectively. The decrease of the coercive field and the increase of the remanent polarization with the increase in thickness were observed. As film thickness was increasing, PZT thick films had higher (110)-preferred growth orientation and excellent dielectric and ferroelectric properties.
Design of Ultra Low Temperature Pressure and Temperature Sensor Structure
Authors: Ji Chang Hong , Zhang Bin Zhen , Zhang Jian , Li Xiang Hong , Liu Jian Lin
Published: August 2011

In order to measure the pressure in the ultra-low temperature condition, the structure of ultra-low temperature piezoresistive pressure sensor is designed. Polysilicon nanometer thin film is used as a varistor according to its temperature and piezoresistive characteristics. The effect of the dimensions of silicon elastic membrane for the sensor sensitivity and the strain dimensions of the elastic membrane are analyzed, then layout position of resistances is arranged. The package structure of pressure sensor is designed. Meanwhile, a low-temperature sensor is designed to compensate the temperature influence to the pressure sensor.
Bead-on-Plate Welding on Q235A Steel by Underwater Wet Welding Process with Flux-Cored Wire
Authors: Zhang Hong Tao , Gao Hong Yu , Jiang Wen Jie , Zhong Shi Sheng
Published: August 2011

Bead-on-plate welds was made by underwater wet welding with flux-cored wire in a tailor-made pentrough. The effect of welding parameters such as welding speeds, welding currents and welding voltages on welds surface appearances and microstructure were studied. Orthogonal experiment method was used to optimize combination of different welding parameters. The results showed that the hardness (HV) of welds fusion zone ranged between 515 and 670 while the hardness (HV) of base metal was only 350. The fusion zone of the welds was mainly composed of columnar grain structure.
Control System of Diesel Particulate Filter Regeneration Equipment Based on LPG
Authors: Zhang Hui , Xu Bo Yan , Wang Chuan Sheng
Published: August 2011

This paper give a diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration equipment based on LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas), which the filter bodies of both the DPF were made of winded metal mesh, to fit for the high sulfur diesel. Development of performance external LPG heating regenerative devices can be completed within 20 minutes DPF regeneration. This regenerative device control system using MCU by reading the temperature controller and pressure sensor data, output analog quantity to control the frequency converters, which control blower speed to achieve the control of air flow into the burner, to achieve temperature control. To ensure system security, the use of burner control to achieve the various components of the control scheduling. It is cheap, good durability, a high degree of confidence. Because they do not use the catalyst can be regenerated, so it can be used in high-sulfur diesel.
Electrospun Diameter Controllable Scheme Basing on Numerical Simulation
Authors: Liu Yuan Yuan , Jing Chang Juan , Li Qing Wei , Wang Qiang Gao , Hu Qing Xi
Published: August 2011

Electrospun nanofiber is widely used in cartilage tissue engineering to fabricate the replacement for the lost or damaged tissues and organs.The recent research has showed that the fiber diameter plays an important role in the scaffold degradation rate and growth rate of the planting cells,therefore whether the fiber diameter could be controllable or not is related to the further development of cartilage repairment engineering. For that sake,this paper suggested a control method basing on the finite element numerical simulation,which could be seen as an experiment plotform,furthermore the controller is trained according to the data collected from the model,and the control effect is examed and fixed as well.This method broke through the traditional type to exercise controllor that basing on identifide transformation model,it promotes the accuracy of the controllor to a large degree. After all,it is also an effective job to realize the flexible production and manufacturing of the equipments.
Numerical Simulation Investigation of the Air Cushion Suspension Technology
Authors: Yu Yong , Zhang Guo Qing
Published: August 2011

The work condition of the air cushion suspension technology was simulated numerically based on CFD technology. In order to comparing with different work conditions, at the beginning of the subject, three different pressure inputs have been given. Based on the velocity magnitude cloud and streamlines, the vortices generated by the input flow on the wall of the air cushion balloon had also been investigated and some conclusions were drawn.
Investigation of Emission Characteristic of a Diesel Engine by Simulation
Authors: Xiao You Hong , Zhou Pei Lin
Published: August 2011

This paper presented results of a study on emission characteristics of diesel engines. A numerical simulation model for a diesel engine was established by GT-POWER. Emission species studied include of NO, CO and HC. The developed model was validated by engine tests under laboratory condition. Based on the model, the simulation changing the variable parameters including injection timing, intake air temperature and EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) ratio were carried out to study their effect on emissions. The simulation results showed that with the decrease of CA BTDC, intake air temperature, compression ratio and EGR ratio respectively, the NO emission decreased. However, the CO and HC emissions increased.
Orientin Protects Cardiomyocytes against Reperfusion via Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter
Authors: Lu Na , Zheng Xiao Xiang
Published: August 2011

Orientin, isolated from bamboo leaves, is an important natural antioxidant. It has been identified that orientin could protect myocardium against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and mitochondrial pathway might be involved in this effect. But the precise mechanism underlying this protective effect is still elusive. Mitochondrial channels are proved to be the important effectors of cell life and death. Especially, mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) has shown particular contribution to cardiomyocytes under specific pathological or physiological conditions. The role of MCU in regulating I/R-induced heart injury is a novel research area. In addition, the relationship of orientin and MCU in mediating reperfusion-induced cardiomyocytes injury is still elusive. In the present study, we used H9c2 cardiomytocytes to investigate the effect of orientin on MCU during reperfusion. Our results indicated that orientin could prevent the MCU opening in H9c2 cells subjected to I/R injury. Further investigation revealed that this effect was correlated with orientin-attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), mitochondrial cytochrome c release and mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation. Our results suggested that these beneficial effects of orientin were partially blocked by spermine, an activator of MCU. In summary, the findings indicate that orientin protects H9c2 cardiomytocytes against ischemia/reperfusion injury via inhibiting mitochondrial calcium uniporter opening，and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway may be involved in these effects of orientin.
Design and Realization of Management Module for Single Cell
Authors: Zhang Du Zhong , Liu Quan , Zhou Ning
Published: August 2011

Battery management system (BMS) is the most important part of an electronic vehicle (EV), and the management module for single cell is the most important collection part of BMS. It provides cells’ data and realizes cells management for BMS. In this paper, the design and realization of the management module for single cell is presented. It can collect real-time voltage and temperature data of cells, and carry on the necessary processing for such data, and then upload these data to the main control module in the battery management system. The design can also equalize the cells, and made their voltage remain in a standard. For the proposed design scheme, the microcontroller PIC24F16KA101 is used as the core part, and the multi-cell addressable battery stack monitor LTC6802 is utilized as the collection part. Moreover, the design of multi-channel data collection and management system, and the design of software and hardware for interface are given. The practical experimental results show that the system can realize the real-time multi-channel signal collection, offer useful data for battery management system, and equalize the cells at power on or power off situation, so as to guarantee the battery consistency.
Structure Design for Heat Sink Based on Thermal Analysis
Authors: Sun Hai Gang , Zhou Yong
Published: August 2011

Thermal design and the working temperature control have been a key factor in the design of electronic devices and system. In this paper, a sort of heat sink collocated with high-power IGBT module, which is commonly used in car-carrying motor control system, is designed based on thermal analysis by means of CFD simulation and computer-aided analyzing, also the influence relations of structure parameters with thermal performance are studied. With thermal control as the overall design objective, structure parameters of heat sink are determined according to the obtained relations. Further, thermal performance of the designed heat sink is simulated and analyzed in CFD software to examine the validity of the design result. In this way, a method of thermal analyzing and structure parameter design for heat sink, which is proved as an efficacious approach, is introduced and can be used to thermal design and analysis for similar products.
Shape Optimization of a Body Immersed in the Navier-Stokes Flow
Authors: Duan Xian Bao , Qin Xin Qiang , Guo Ya Qin
Published: August 2011

In this study, we restrict our attention to shape optimization of a body immersed in the Navier-Stokes fluid flow. The formulation and numerical results of the proposed method are presented. The proposed method is based on an optimal control theory. The optimal state is defined by the reduction of drag forces subjected to the immersed object. The cost functional should be minimized is governed by the Navier-Stokes equations. The shape sensitivity analysis of the cost functional was derived based on the adjoint method. Finally, a numerical example is given to show the feasible for the proposed algorithm.