bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compostaje comunitario integrado en huertos urbanos
Authors: Fernandes Amanda Rodrigues , Rizk Maria Cristina
Published: December 2023

Brasil genera grandes cantidades de residuos sólidos urbanos (RSU) que, en general, son eliminados en vertederos sin ser aprovechados. La materia orgánica es la mayor fracción presente en los RSU recolectados en el estado de São Paulo y debe tener un destino final ambientalmente apropiado, para reducir diversos impactos (ambientales, sociales, económicos). Así, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo proponer un modelo de compostaje comunitario utilizando un sistema natural integrado en huertos comunitarios en el municipio de Presidente Prudente – SP. Para ello se realizó un levantamiento bibliográfico sobre el tema, se recopiló documentación sobre el Programa Semeando Prudente con la Secretaría de Medio Ambiente Municipal y visitas a uno de los jardines comunitarios de dicho Programa. Se propusieron hileras de compostaje natural, que consisten en amontonar capas de residuos orgánicos sobre el suelo y airear la masa de residuos hasta estabilizarla. El modelo propuesto fue el de gestión descentralizada, que permite a los vecinos autogestionar los residuos cerca de la fuente generadora. Los residuos orgánicos que alimentarían semanalmente a los compostadores serían suministrados, ya segregados, por los vecinos, quienes los llevarían a los huertos comunitarios y ayudarían en la operación/seguimiento del tratamiento. El modelo propuesto permitiría la disposición adecuada de los residuos orgánicos en la misma realidad, lo que promovería la educación ambiental de los involucrados, con la participación activa de la sociedad en el tratamiento de los residuos generados por la misma, además de posibilitar la obtención de un compuesto orgánico que podría utilizarse en el propio huerto para beneficio colectivo, además de promover la integración y la responsabilidad social.
Gobernanza y capacidad adaptática
Authors: Paungartten Sâmella Patrícia Lima , Gomes Flávia Adriane
Published: December 2023

La seguridad hídrica, como la disponibilidad de agua en cantidad y calidad suficiente para mantener las condiciones de vida, también puede verse amenazada en las ciudades amazónicas, ya que una parte importante de la población aún sufre algún tipo de limitación relacionada con el acceso al agua. El diagnóstico y pronóstico de estos temas a nivel local permite una mejor comprensión, orientando decisiones y acciones de adaptación. La capacidad adaptativa, componente recomendado por el Panel Intergubernamental sobre Cambio Climático — IPCC (2007, 2014) para escenarios de crisis hídrica, se refiere al nivel de preparación de un territorio para enfrentar posibles escenarios de riesgo, especialmente cuando la población local es vulnerable a ellos. Este artículo tiene como objetivo evaluar la capacidad de adaptación de la ciudad fronteriza de Oiapoque, ubicada en el extremo norte de Brasil — Amapá, al actual escenario climático e hídrico local, mediante la aplicación de un índice compuesto por indicadores y variables institucionales, según el Metodología de Neder et al. (2021). Los resultados obtenidos indican una baja capacidad adaptativa, mostrando lo frágil que es la región ante posibles problemas relacionados con la seguridad hídrica. La aplicación de este índice es de suma importancia para verificar las acciones y planes municipales en relación con el cambio climático y sus efectos en la seguridad hídrica esperados para los próximos años.
La vivienda en los centros históricos: una revisión bibliográfica sistemática
Authors: Engel Ernestina Rita Meira , Reis Almir Francisco
Published: December 2023

Cada vez más, la cuestión del uso de la vivienda en los centros históricos aparece como un problema intrínseco a estos espacios, debido a los cambios en las relaciones de uso en los espacios centrales y al vaciamiento residencial. El presente trabajo presenta una breve revisión bibliográfica sistemática sobre el tema de la vivienda en los centros históricos. Así, el objetivo es verificar los estudios sobre este uso en los centros históricos, para tener una visión general del estado del arte del tema. Para un mejor enfoque, el tema principal se relacionó con varios aspectos, como la vitalidad urbana, la urbanidad y la renovación urbana. Para seleccionar los trabajos se utilizaron métodos de selección y análisis. Tras los procesos de selección, filtrado y verificación de la pertinencia, se seleccionaron 12 artículos como muestra final, divididos en tres ejes temáticos para su análisis. Los resultados muestran que existen varios estudios sobre el tema, con diversos enfoques y correlaciones factoriales. Los estudios señalan importantes lagunas, que pueden explorarse en futuras investigaciones.
Parque Forestal Municipal Dr. João Damasceno Portugal de Leopoldina/MG: repensar la ciudad a partir de la relación entre espacios públicos verdes y ocio urbano
Authors: Felix Afonso Almeida , Rocha Josielle Cíntia de Souza
Published: December 2023

El continuo desarrollo de los centros urbanos a lo largo del siglo XX ha llevado a una realidad en la que las ciudades enfrentan varios desafíos ambientales resultantes del calentamiento global. Ante esta situación, los espacios públicos verdes de ocio son de gran importancia para el bienestar de las personas, además de jugar un papel fundamental en la mitigación de estos problemas ambientales. Además del impacto ambiental positivo, estos espacios también ofrecen aportes relevantes a las relaciones sociales. Juegan un papel fundamental a la hora de proporcionar áreas de recreación y descanso a la población, promoviendo una mejora en la calidad de vida urbana, reduciendo también el estrés y el aislamiento social. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar temas relacionados con los espacios públicos de ocio, como los espacios públicos, el ocio urbano y la recalificación urbana, con el fin de identificar su relevancia para la sociedad y el medio ambiente, así como para la consolidación de un urbanismo ecológico. propuesta para el Horto Florestal de Leopoldina/MG. Para lograr este objetivo, la metodología utilizada se basó en la investigación bibliográfica y la investigación de campo basada en visitas técnicas a Horto Florestal con el objetivo de identificar elementos relevantes del área de intervención. Finalmente, este estudio contribuye a la discusión sobre la necesidad de repensar las ciudades y los espacios públicos verdes como un componente esencial para el bienestar y la calidad de vida de la población, así como su necesidad del medio ambiente en el contexto urbano.
Programa de recolección selectiva desde la perspectiva de los agentes involucrados: Estudio de caso del municipio de Pinhais/PR
Authors: Regly Adailton Marcos , Paschoalin Filho João Alexandre
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las opiniones de los agentes públicos, las cooperativas de material de reciclaje y la población, sobre la recolección selectiva en el municipio de Pinhais, Estado de Paraná, buscando comprender por qué el programa aún presenta baja eficiencia en términos de tasa de Material reciclable recogido. La investigación se basó en una revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema y en el análisis del caso de estudio en el municipio. Como instrumento de recolección de datos, se realizaron entrevistas basadas en cuestionarios semiestructurados a un gestor público de la Secretaría Municipal de Medio Ambiente (SEMMA) y al representante de la Asociación de Recicladores de Pinhais (AREPI), la única oficialmente instalada en el municipio y que mantiene una alianza con el Ayuntamiento, y las respuestas fueron recolectadas en un cuestionario abierto a la comunidad a través de Internet utilizando la herramienta Google Forms, para extraer información de los residentes que viven en Pinhais sobre el tema. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que, tanto en opinión de las autoridades públicas, como del líder de la asociación de recicladores y de los vecinos de Pinhais, los principales puntos para la evolución de la recogida selectiva en el municipio están relacionados con la mejora en la difusión de los servicios y información para la correcta separación entre residuos orgánicos y reciclables, mejorando la calidad del material que llega a los centros de clasificación, así como revisar el actual modelo de colaboración entre el Ayuntamiento y la AREPI, que permita una mayor calidad en los servicios de clasificación que presta la asociación.
Relación entre centralidad y sostenibilidad urbana en un contexto regional
Authors: Colusso Izabele , Florentino Amanda Rambo , Kunzler Cibele , Michelon Eduarda Elicker , Rodriguez Janquiel Lessa Florêncio
Published: December 2023

La investigación titulada “Formas urbanas y tensión regional: la influencia de la centralidad de las ciudades en el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 11” tiene como objetivo demostrar cómo la centralidad de los 13 municipios de la Región Metropolitana de la Sierra Gaúcha (RGSM) influye en el cumplimiento de la agenda 2030 de la ONU. (Naciones Unidas). El método de investigación se centró exclusivamente en datos estadísticos, recopilando datos de cada municipio, primero sobre la centralidad de cada ciudad, y luego, recopilando información sobre los indicadores del ODS 11 (Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 11) para cada municipio y, así, se puede correlacionar. estos datos mediante tablas. La dirección de la investigación retrata la situación de influencia de una ciudad sobre otra y el impacto que estos datos generan para la región en el cumplimiento de la agenda de desarrollo sostenible de estas ciudades. Con base en los análisis presentados, se puede decir que este instrumento puede ser una herramienta útil para la toma de decisiones en materia de planificación urbana y espacial de estas ciudades para que el cumplimiento de los indicadores del ODS 11 entre en vigor en 2030.
Un enfoque urbano de las ciudades sostenibles: una revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Arruda Glória Lucía Rodríguez Correia de
Published: December 2023

El urbanismo sostenible propone repensar la ciudad aportando nuevas configuraciones a los espacios, edificios y estrategias de uso urbano, con el propósito de mejorar la experiencia de ciudad de la población, promoviendo el bienestar sin dañar el medio ambiente. El objetivo de este documento es revisar los conceptos de sostenibilidad urbana, en sus políticas públicas e iniciativas llevadas a cabo por las ciudades que promueven el desarrollo sostenible. Para realizar este estudio, los métodos de investigación se basaron en una revisión sistemática de la literatura, con el objetivo de reunir investigaciones y discusiones de varios autores sobre el tema de las ciudades sostenibles y sus aspectos. Las fuentes primarias y secundarias en sitios web, sitios web, artículos, disertaciones, libros publicados relevantes al tema, forman el alcance de la investigación de este trabajo, que es de naturaleza exploratoria y descriptiva. La investigación se justifica por ayudar a dar a conocer las iniciativas y demostrar hasta qué punto es posible adoptarlas por el bien de las comunidades urbanas y del planeta. Al final, se presentan iniciativas sostenibles ya implementadas en Estocolmo (Suecia), Liubliana (Eslovenia), Friburgo (Alemania), Copenhague (Dinamarca) y Curitiba (Brasil), reforzando que las prácticas sostenibles en el desarrollo urbano deben involucrar al máximo al gobierno. iniciativas con la colaboración e implicación de los habitantes. Los resultados favorecen tanto la mejora de la calidad de vida urbana como la preservación del medio ambiente para las generaciones futuras.
Perspectivas de la Construcción com Tierra: Desafíos y caminos en Brasil DE LA
Authors: Santos Gustavo Orcilio Vaceli dos , Paschoalin Filho João Alexandre , Gois Luiz Henrique , Perez Cleber Permagnani
Published: December 2023

El trabajo tiene como objetivo relevar las principales características relacionadas a la construcción con tierra en Brasil, buscando elementos que exploren los desafíos y direcciones. Este debate cobra relevancia hoy, al tomar en cuenta la cantidad de residuos que produce la construcción, exponiendo un modelo ambientalmente insostenible.  La propuesta se basa en la revisión bibliográfica y actualización del tema, buscando elementos que contribuyan a la comprensión del panorama actual y la lista de razones por las cuales la construcción con tierra no se populariza en Brasil, ya que el país posee una variedad de recursos naturales. , especialmente cuando se habla de tierra. Para contribuir a esclarecer los supuestos planteados, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y una investigación com un público objetivo previamente definido, profesionales que ya actúan con de la construcción en tierra en Brasil. Se puede reflejar que el método de construcción en tierra, aunque antiguo, no está ampliamente difundido ni utilizado en Brasil. Las técnicas de construcción con tierra se presentan como un material de menor impacto con potencial de mejora general, ya sea en términos de estandarización, difusión o calificación. En el panorama actual, se observan algunas tendencias relacionadas con cambios de paradigma en arquitectura y construcción con tierra , existe un movimiento normativo y colectivos organizados con el objetivo de intercambiar conocimientos y fortalecerse mutuamente en la difusión de acciones.
La pertinencia de la conectividad ciudadana para la consolidación de las ciudades inteligentes: un análisis del estado del arte
Authors: Cramolichi Stanley Cabral , Olivatto Tatiane Ferreira , Forcel Priscila Kauana Barelli , Barbosa Kayane Lenzing , Miyasaka Elza Luli
Published: December 2023

Admitiendo que las ciudades inteligentes deben surgir sobre la base de un entorno digital, inclusivo y conectado y que todos los ciudadanos deben estar incluidos en estas premisas; Se sugiere la relación entre acceso a la información y ciudades inteligentes. Luego, con el objetivo de verificar el estado del arte en relación al grado de acceso a la información de los ciudadanos en el contexto de las ciudades inteligentes, se realizó una revisión sistemática, analizando 22 documentos, del 2011 al 2022. Análisis y discusión de El material indicó que las investigaciones actuales se centran en plataformas para garantizar el acceso a la información, metodologías para la seguridad de los datos de ciudadanos e instituciones, aplicaciones basadas en inteligencia artificial y gestión de big data, tecnologías para recolectar y poner a disposición datos y promover experiencias para compartir innovaciones en información. El contexto brasileño también revela la necesidad de mayores estudios encaminados a estructurar las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones orientadas a la conectividad como factor determinante en la consolidación de las ciudades inteligentes.
Adolpho Hecht: diseño del agrimensor en el urbanismo promovido por el ferrocaril
Authors: Gastaldi Denis Oshiro , Benincasa Vladimir
Published: December 2023

Analiza el trazado e implementación de centros originales de ciudades en memoria del topógrafo Adolpho Hecht, topógrafo activo en procesos de subdivisión en el Oeste Paulista a principios del siglo XX, con el objetivo de buscar similitudes y comprender su metodología de trabajo; si hay particularidades en el método, o si se inspira en modelos comunes en la época. La metodología se basa en la lectura de referentes teóricos sobre conceptos de ensanches y trazados urbanos contemporáneos, búsqueda de fuentes primarias documentales, cartográficas, fotográficas y entrevistas. La originalidad del trabajo se debe a la falta de investigaciones sobre el topógrafo Hecht, quien jugó un papel importante en el oeste de São Paulo y es un nombre presente en investigaciones científicas de referencia sobre el proceso de ocupación de esa área. Hay una novedad al presentar una planta núcleo inicial elaborada a partir de materia prima, que aún no ha sido estudiada. La relevancia se afirma por las características de diseño e implementación de un método de urbanización presente en varios países. En consecuencia, el método y modelo de trazado y trazado de calles (aplicado por Hecht) surge del interés por el máximo aprovechamiento del suelo, donde el suelo es considerado una mercancía, e influenciado por el urbanismo patrocinado por el ferrocarril. La obra amplía la documentación sobre el tema, aportando también material inédito sobre la historia de las ciudades en las que trabajó Hecht.
Yığma Yapıların Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği 2018'e Göre Performans Analizi: Afyonkarahisar Örneği
Authors: ÇOBAN Gökhan , BAŞARAN Veli
Published: December 2023

Yığma yapılar, insanların tarih boyunca kullandıkları bir yapı sistemidir. Bu yapılar doğal taşlar, kerpiçler, tuğla ve beton briketler gibi malzemelerin kullanılarak duvarların birbirine bağlanmasıyla yapılmıştır. Son yıllarda yığma yapıların şehir merkezlerinde yapımı azalmıştır. Ancak, hala kırsal kesimlerde kullanılmaya devam edilmektedir. Yığma yapıların deprem dayanımları diğer yapılara göre daha düşüktür. Bu çalışmada Afyonkarahisar’da yapımı tamamlanmış yığma binalar STA4CAD programında modellenerek analizleri yapılmıştır. Analizler sonrasında, yapıların Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği 2018’de (TBDY18) belirtilen yeni kriterlere göre uygunlukları ve performans hedeflerini yerine getirip getirmediği değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca duvar imalatında kullanılan tuğla ve harcın basınç dayanımlarındaki değişimin yapının kapasitesi üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Harç basınç dayanımındaki artışın yığma binalardaki performans artışına etkisinin tuğla basınç dayanımındaki artışa göre daha etkili olduğu görülmüştür.
6G Ağlarda Araçların Haberleşmesi: Gelişimi, Etkinleştirici Teknolojileri ve Güvenliği
Authors: ATA Serdar Özgür
Published: December 2023

Yüksek veri hızı, kısa gecikme süresi ve düşük enerji tüketimini amaçlayan 5G haberleşme teknolojilerinin standartlaşma çalışmaları sürmekteyken, yüksek bağlantılılığı ve kesintisiz haberleşmeyi esas alan, yeniden konfigüre edilebilir akıllı yüzeylerin ve çeşitli yörünge seviyelerinde uydu veya insansız hava araçlarının entegre olabildiği, aynı zamanda güvenlik unsurunun haberleşme gereksinimleri kadar öne çıktığı ve daha zorlayıcı anahtar performans göstergelerine sahip 6G teknolojileri konusunda kuramsal ve deneysel araştırmalar büyük bir hızla sürdürülmektedir. 6G haberleşme ağlarındaki kritik kullanım senaryolarından biri olarak değerlendirilen araçların haberleşmesi için ortaya çıkabilecek güvenlik problemleri ve olası çözümleri ise önemli araştırma alanlarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Haberleşmenin yüksek veri hızında, kesintisiz ve güvenli şekilde gerçekleşmesi hedeflendiğinde; özellikle otonom araçlar için yol güvenliği ve konvoy sürüşü gibi araçlar arası haberleşmenin doğasından kaynaklanan zorluk senaryolar ortaya çıkmaktadır. Otonom sürüş konusunda haberleşme güvenliği ön planda yer alırken, araç-her şey arası (vehicle-to-everyhing, V2X) haberleşme ve araçların interneti (internet of vehicles, IoV) sistemlerinin tasarımlarında blok zincir, kuantum hesaplama ve yapay zekâ teknikleri dâhil yenilikçi yöntem ve algoritmaların geliştirilmesinin önemi artmaktadır. Bu makale ile 6G haberleşme sistemlerinin önemli bir parçasını oluşturacak araç haberleşmesinin gelişimi, yenilikçi teknolojileri ve güvenlik konularına odaklanılmakta, literatürde yapılan çalışmalar derlenerek yeni gelişme alanları ve odak noktaları detaylandırılmaktadır.
Taguchi Optimizasyon Metodunun İmalat Mühendisliği Alanında Kullanımı: Minitab Örneği
Authors: AYDIN Erman
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada, bir çok mühendislik alanında toplam kalite yönetimi kapsamında kullanılmakta olan Taguchi optimizasyon metodu, deney tasarımı ve ANOVA’nın imalat mühendisliği alanında kullanımı üzerinde durulmuştur. İmalat süreçlerinde (tornalama, frezeleme, delme vb.) kullanılan kesme hızı (V_C), ilerleme değeri (f), kesme derinliği (a), kesici takım uç açıları, farklı kesici takım profilleri, kesici takım kaplama türleri ve diğer birçok faktör imalat aşamasında doğru saptanması gereken önemli faktörlerdir. Bu faktörlerin seviyelerinin doğru tayin edilmesi, hem zaman hem de maliyet açısından büyük öneme sahiptir. Ancak, bu parametrelerin doğru tayin edilebilmesi için gerçekleştirilecek deneysel çalışmalar yüksek maliyetli olmaktadır. Bu sebepten dolayı, deneysel tasarım süreçleri kullanılarak en az deney sayısı ile sonuçlar elde edilmesi ve bu sonuçların doğrulama deneyleri ile kıyaslanmasının ardından optimum faktör seviyelerinin belirlenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Bu sebeple, doğru deneysel tasarımlar yapılması büyük önem arz etmektedir. Hem sanayi kuruluşlarındaki Ar-Ge birimlerine hem de yüksek lisans ve doktora öğrencilerinin akademik çalışmalarına bir rehber niteliğinde olması amacıyla, imalat mühendisliği alanında Taguchi optimizasyon metodu ile yapılan çalışmalar incelenmiş, imalat alanında kullanım örnekleri ile ele alınarak Minitab 18 paket programı aracılığıyla sade bir şekilde açıklanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, yeni araştırmacılar için Taguchi optimizasyon metodunu, deney tasarımını ve ANOVA’yı en efektif şekilde nasıl kullanabilecekleri hakkında rehber niteliğinde örnek bir çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir.
YÜKSEK MUKAVEMETLİ BALİSTİK ZIRH ÇELİKLERİNİN KAYNAKLANABİLİRLİĞİ
Authors: ÇELİK Ceren , GÖÇMEN Müesser , ÇOBAN Ozan , BAYKAL Hakan , GÜROL Uğur , KOÇAK Mustafa
Published: December 2023

Savunma sanayisinin zırhlı araçları için geliştirilen düşük alaşımlı yüksek mukavemetli zırh çeliklerinin ark kaynak teknolojisi uygulamaları metalurjik bilgi ve deneyim isteyen zor uygulamalardır. Bu çeliklerin yüksek karbon eşdeğeri ve yüksek mukavemeti sağlayan martenzitik mikroyapıları nedeniyle kaynak proseslerinde güçlüklerle karşılaşılmaktadır. Seçilecek kaynak telinin yüksek süneklilik kapasitesi olan östenitik ya da yüksek mukavemetli olan ferritik yapıda olması kaynak metalinin sahip olacağı mekanik özellikleri ve kaynaklı bağlantının balistik özelliklerini belirlemektedir. Bu seçimler, doğası gereği kaynak parametrelerini ve proses adımlarını da farklılaştırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; zırh çeliklerinin sınıflandırılması ile kaynak yönteminin, kaynak konfigürasyonun, kaynak metalinin, ısı girdisinin, ısıl işlem uygulamalarının ve gerçekleşen ısıl çevrimlerden dolayı elde edilen mikro yapısal değişimlerin mekanik ve balistik özelliklere etkileri tartışılmıştır.
Description of technical characteristics for EEG equipment and their comparison for electroencephalographs available in Russia
Authors: Ivanov А. А.
Published: December 2023

The current study was aimed at providing a detailed description of the major technical characteristics for electroencephalographic (EEG) equipment and their impact on quality of the recorded signal. Understanding the importance of the recording equipmenttechnical parameters will help medical professionals make the right choice while purchasing new equipment as well as correctly set the necessary recording parameters to ensure the maximum possible quality of EEG signal. In addition, the technical characteristics for EEG equipment available in Russia were compared. Such a comparison became possible after the full package of documents for registered medical equipment including data on relevant technical parameters began to be published at the Roszdravnadzor website since 2023.
Healing Effect of Ascorbic Acid against Genetic and Epigenetic Changes Caused by Pendimethalin in Wheat
Authors: YILDIRIM DOĞAN Nalan , DARTAR Muhammed Semih
Published: December 2023

Because of the increasing need for agricultural products in the world, the use of pesticides, which are used to increase yield, is increasing day by day. Herbicides constitute a large part of the total amount of pesticides used, such as 20%. It is known that herbicides have toxic effects and irreversibly disrupt DNA and gene expression. Pendimethalin is a widely used herbicide against weeds in the production of grains, legumes, and vegetables. Ascorbic acid has an antioxidant effect. Molecular markers are frequently used to determine genotoxic and mutagenic effects at the DNA level. It was aimed to determine the curative effect of ascorbic acid on the negative effects of pendimethalin. IRAP and ISSR molecular markers were used. It was found that the GTS ratio decreased as a result of increasing the dose of pendimethalin applied in wheat, resulting in DNA damage and the positive effect of applied ascorbic acid on DNA damage.
Assessing the Effects of Water Content on the Unconfined Compression Strength of Egg White-Stabilized Khorasan Mortar
Authors: DAĞLI Emrah , ÇAVUŞLU Murat
Published: December 2023

Khorasan mortar, a traditional, durable, and environmentally friendly building material, has been utilized for centuries in the Khorasan region of Türkiye. Its composition, which is based on natural hydraulic lime, imparts exceptional strength, breathability, and workability, making it suitable for diverse construction projects. Consequently, investigating the mechanical properties of Khorasan mortar, specifically its interaction with stone elements in historical buildings, in various mixing ratios, can provide valuable insights into the preservation and future of these architectural treasures. This study focuses on researching Khorasan mortar as a material of interest, utilizing brick ballast, lime, standard sand, water, and egg white, with a particular emphasis on egg white-stabilized Khorasan mortar. Four different water contents (70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%) were carefully selected, based on the dry mass of the egg white, to prepare a total of 12 samples (three identical samples for each water content) for testing. Prior to testing, the samples were cured for seven days in a desiccator. Unconfined compression strength tests were conducted, and axial strain-stress graphs were plotted to determine the unconfined compression strength (UCS) of the mixtures. The results revealed that the mixtures containing 80% water content exhibited the highest UCS values, while the samples with 90% and 100% water content demonstrated similar UCS values. The minimum UCS was approximately 0.518 times the maximum value, suggesting the importance of optimizing the water amount in Khorasan mortar formulations.
Autonomous Cargo Carrier Robot in GPS Denied Indoor Environment
Authors: ÜÇGÜN Hakan , KIRBOĞA Fatmanur
Published: December 2023

The mobile robot industry, which has become a rapidly growing sector, can easily perform many activities or tasks that can be dangerous, laborious or tiring for humans. A mobile robot helps people by performing the desired tasks in areas such as medical, military, household and cargo. Robots, which perform their duties indoor or outdoor environments, use navigation systems to reach the desired destination. While the global positioning system is generally used in the external environment, different navigation methods are used in the indoor environment. The accuracy of navigation is of great importance when passing through complex, narrow and obstructed roads while going to the relevant target location in the indoor environment. In this study, a cargo carrier robot that can autonomously travel to a location determined by the user in indoor conditions has been developed. After the target point is determined, the cargo vehicle takes action automatically from the starting point, and continuously detects location in order to reach the target with the compass sensor on it. Ultrasonic sensors have been used so that the cargo vehicle can continue to move without hitting any object that may come in front of it while it is going to the target location. A mobile application has been developed to give the destination location of the cargo vehicle and to follow the vehicle. The movements of the autonomous vehicle are controlled by the commands sent via Bluetooth.
Evaluation of Road Roughness and Vehicle Speed Effects on Vibration Comfort of School Bus Driver Seats following the ISO 2631-1 Standard and Occupational Health and Safety Legislation
Authors: YAVUZ Akif , HACIBEKTAŞOĞLU Süleyman Enes
Published: December 2023

Human perception in terms of vehicle comfort problems is a significant issue for automotive manufacturers and academic researchers as evident from scientific papers available in the literature. In this study, the maximum vehicle speed is predicted for comfortable driving of school bus drivers at certain working conditions. First, a full-vehicle school bus model, which consists of a seat, vehicle body, wheels and suspension systems, is developed to evaluate vehicle seat comfort in accordance with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 2631-1 and Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) legislation. Second, collected experimentally power spectrum densities of road roughness are converted to amplitude form in order to be an input to the developed full-vehicle model. Third, the frequency weighting factor, which is determined by International Organization for Standardization 2631-1, is applied to the calculated RMS acceleration of the seat. Finally, frequency-weighted RMS accelerations of the seat for various conditions of road roughness and vehicle speeds are obtained, and it is used to evaluate the bus driver seat comfort in accordance with ISO 2631-1. In addition, RMS accelerations of the bus driver seat are used to evaluate vehicle seat comfort in accordance with OHS legislation. It is concluded that the effects of vehicle speed and road roughness on comfortable driving are observed and maximum vehicle speed for comfortable driving decreases as the power spectrum density of road roughness increases. According to the results, measures to be taken in accordance with the OHS legislation are suggested.
Evaluation of November 23, 2022, Duzce Earthquake data with Ground Motion Prediction Equations
Authors: NEMUTLU Ömer Faruk , BALUN Bilal
Published: December 2023

An earthquake with a magnitude of 5.9 Mw occurred in Düzce (Gölyaka) on November 23, 2022. A rupture occurred on the Karadere Segment, which is a section of the North Anatolian Fault zone. According to the investigations, an 8 km section that was not broken in the 1999 Gölcük Earthquake was broken by this earthquake and caused the earthquake. Station number 8105, one of the stations of the Disaster and Emergency Presidency, measured the maximum ground acceleration of the earthquake as 0.6g. This value is above the PGA value taken from the hazard map of the region. This earthquake in the Marmara region attracts the attention of researchers both because it is close to the 1999 Gölcük Earthquake and because there is an earthquake expectation in Istanbul and its surroundings. Ground motion prediction equations are created by researchers to predict the effects of future earthquakes. The aim of this study is to compare the earthquake data considered in the study with 5 of the ground motion equations developed for Turkey. PGA data were collected and compared with the 5 attenuation relations used from the stations taking measurements from the earthquake, and the compatibility of the earthquake with the 5 existing models was examined. As a result of the study, it was determined that among these attenuation relations, the attenuation relations prepared using the data in the region where the earthquake occurred showed a higher fit. In addition, it has been observed that low pga values at stations farther from the epicenter of the earthquake fit better with the curves obtained from the attenuation relations. The number of data sets used in attenuation relations and the study area increase the possibility of estimating earthquake parameters. The data set used in the AR4 attenuation relationship used in the study and the fact that the region taken into consideration is the region where the earthquake occurred increased the data-model compatibility. It was concluded that existing attenuation relationships should be updated in order to better predict future earthquakes and their effects.
Perspectives for antitumor vaccines application
Authors: Nikolaeva Irina E. , Golderova Aitalina S. , Egorov Andrey N. , Gotovtsev Radomir A. , Troev Ivan P. , Tayurskaya Kseniya S.
Published: December 2023

In this article, we reviewed the works devoted to one of the promising areas in the immunotherapy of oncological diseases — tumor-specific vaccines based on immunocompetent cells. The most promising, effective and safe methods of cellular vaccination against cancer are presented based on data from clinical trials for the period 2016–2023, which are sorted in the article by the origin of the active component into non-cellular (vaccines based on oncolytic viruses, bacteria, nucleic acids, peptides and in-situ) and cellular (dendritic, T-effector, natural killer cells) immunotherapeutic approaches. Cancer vaccines based on personalized neo-antigenic dendritic cells have promising anti-tumor effects in clinical practice. Dendritic-based vaccines have a number of advantages, one example being the ability to activate both innate and adaptive immunity, as well as to develop long-term immunological memory against recurrence of tumors. DCs are the most professional and consistent antigens and are more effective in activating resting T cells. The review provides the most up-to-date information on cancer vaccines, as well as an analysis of the types of cancer vaccines, using both local and international sources. The conclusion of this brief review is the wide variety of types of tumor-specific vaccines and their rapid improvement.
Effect of New Fungicides in Controlling Anthracnose/Die Back Disease of Chilli
Authors: Naznin Samima , Khalequzzaman K. M. , Khair Abul
Published: December 2023

The experiment was conducted in the laboratory and field of Spices Research Centre, BARI, Shibganj, Bogra, Bangladesh during Rabi season of 2014-2015 to test the efficacy of some new fungicides in controlling anthracnose/die-back disease and increase yield of chilli. Nine new fungicides and one control were used as treatments. In vitro tests, Orion 72 WP (0.2%) significantly inhibited the radial mycelial growth of the pathogen (Colletotrichum capsici) in the PDA culture media. All the new fungicides significantly decreased the % leaf infection, % leaf area diseased (LAD), % twig infection, % fruit infection, % fruit area diseased (FAD) and increased fresh yield of chilli. Among the fungicides, Orion 72 WP showed the best performance.
Multi-cycle Deadlock Detection Algorithm for Distributed Systems
Authors: Islam Mohammad Ariful , Islam Md. Serajul , Jahan Shifat
Published: December 2023

Deadlock handling is an important component of transaction management in a database system. Though a lot of works have already done for deadlock detection on distributed system. This paper proposes a multi-cycle deadlock detection and recovery mechanism. Our proposed algorithm has modified the probe based distributed algorithm for deadlock detection such as CMH algorithm. But CMH algorithm had some limitation. It can only detect single cycle. But some situation a node is responsible for multi-cycle deadlock detection. In this situation, it can’t detect Multi-cycle deadlock. Besides it can only detect deadlock when the initiator node involved in the cycle. Another algorithm named MC2DR has worked on CMH algorithm. But their probe message contains four fields for deadlock detection which takes more space, but our algorithm has reduced the MC2DR algorithm probe message field and increased the efficiency of this algorithm. It can detect multi-cycle and also detect which node is responsible for multi-cycle deadlock and kills it.
Flood, Causes and Coping Strategy in Abakaliki Area, South Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Rock Onwe Mkpuma , Nwankwor G. I. , Ahiarakwem C. A. , Alieze V. I.
Published: December 2023

Flooding, a geo environmental hazard is recorded every year in most region of the world. Inundations by extreme floods cannot be totally avoided and maybe with the effect of climate change their occurrence will increase. Insensitivity to its occurrence invokes an imminent disaster. Absolute protection is both unachievable and unsustainable, because of high costs and its inherent uncertainties. Nevertheless, abilities to mitigate flood disasters, cope with and recover from the effects are attainable but needs urgent attention. This evolves a well thought-out strategies and adaptation measures which can be adopted by all especially in the flood prone areas. Localized flooding occurs many times a year in many but mostly in informal and mismatched settlements such as those in the study area. There, are few drains (or those that exist are blocked), most of the ground is highly compacted, paved and pathways between dwellings become streams after heavy rain. Urban land use allocation has all along been begged on economic factors devoid of environmental concerns which play a vital role for sustainable urban development. Structural and non-structural measures are adopted as a control, mitigation and coping strategies to ameliorate flood impacts.
Effect of Initial Moisture Content and Different Storage Container on the Quality of Mustard Seed (Brassica Campestris L.)
Authors: Alam M. M. , Rashid M. M. , Islam A. T. M. S. , Sikdar S. I. , Khalequzzaman K. M.
Published: December 2023

An experiment was carried out at Institute of Research and Training (IRT) of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur during March to May 2016 for evaluating the effect of initial moisture content and different storage container on the quality of mustard seed. Three types of containers namely plastic container, polythene bag and gunny bag, and three levels moisture content i.e. 9.75, 12.25 and 14.30% were used as the treatment. Mustard seeds with 9.75% initial moisture level were found in good condition in respect of germination, less number of abnormal and dead seedlings, better shoot and root length, vigour index and poor fungal incidence. The highest germination percentage was observed 80.14−87.74%, while the lowest percent of abnormal seedling (8.64−12.04%) and dead seedling (3.33−8.27%) was found in the seeds stored with 9.75% initial moisture content at different storage periods. Fungal incidence was also found less in the seeds stored with 9.75% initial moisture content. Among three storage conditions, plastic container was showed the advantage for mustard seed storage compared to polythene bag and gunny bag. The seed of gunny bag was found inferior in quality for all parameters at all storage period. So, the results revealed that optimum moisture content and ideal storage condition has the greatest benefit on quality seeds. It is concluded that plastic container with 9.75% initial moisture content is the best for storing the mustard seed with higher quality.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Kariyer Sıkıntılarının Belirlenmesi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: ÖZGÜL Oylum
Published: December 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı üniversite 3. ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim gören üniversite öğrencilerinin kariyer gelişimlerinde yaşadıkları kariyer sıkıntılarına yönelik deneyimlerini incelemektir. Çalışma nitel araştırma desenlerinden fenomenolojik desende tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma verileri yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu üniversite 3. ve 4. sınıfta ve çeşitli bölümlerde öğrenim gören (19 kadın, 18 erkek) 37 öğrenciden oluşmuştur. Çalışmanın verileri odak grup görüşmesi yapılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tematik analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Üniversite öğrencilerinin kariyer sıkıntıları 3 tema altında toplanmıştır. Bu temalar, sektörel/meslekietmenler, gelecek kaygısı ve kariyerde engelleri keşfetme olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın üniversite öğrencilerinin kariyer gelişimi ile ilgili çalışmalara ve literartüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Dow Jones Endeksi, Gümüş Fiyatları ve Altın Fiyatları Arasındaki İlişkinin Ekonometrik Açıdan İncelenmesi
Authors: ASLAN Mesut , SİZER Lütfü
Published: December 2023

Çalışmada Dow Jones endeksi ile gümüş fiyatlarının altın fiyatları üzerindeki etkisi tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla 1 Ocak 1985-15 Haziran 2022 dönemine ait günlük veriler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada değişkenler arasında uzun dönem ilişkisi bulunup bulunmadığını incelemek için Johansen eşbütünleşme testi ve değişkenler arasındaki nedensel ilişkinin yönünü belirlemek için de Granger nedensellik testi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca altın fiyatları ile Dow Jones endeksi ve gümüş fiyatları arasındaki ilişkinin yönü analiz edilmiş ve elde edilen bulgulara göre altın fiyatları ile gümüş fiyatları arasında çift yönlü bir nedensel ilişki bulunmuşken, altın fiyatları ile Dow Jones endeksi arasında herhangi bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilememiştir.
From Conservative to Permissive: The Shift in Saudi Arabia's Management Approach in the Shadow of English Relations
Authors: AYBUDAK Utku
Published: December 2023

This study examines the founding period of the current Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with a particular focus on the role that Saudi-British relations played in shaping the nation's development. Experts believe that these diplomatic ties, which were established prior to World War I, were instrumental in enhancing Saudi Arabia's position in the region. Through its interactions with the British and its ability to adapt to changing global politics, the Saudi government learned to consider realpolitik in its decision-making processes. As a result, the main argument of this study is that the Saudi perception of Wahhabism underwent a transformation, shifting from a conservative interpretation to a more permissive one. Through this investigation, we aim to contextualize the evolution of the Saudi government's understanding of religion, starting from its highly uncompromising stance in the Arabian desert and culminating in the Kingdom's proclamation in 1932.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION OF CYANIDE COMPLEXES WITH 2-(HYDROXYMETHYL)PYRIDINE BY VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPIC, THERMAL STUDIES AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: SAYIN Elvan , KÜRKÇÜOĞLU Güneş Süheyla
Published: December 2023

In this investigation, we present synthesis and characterized of three new heteropolynuclear cyanide complexes with 2-(Hydroxymethyl)pyridine (hmpH) of [M(H2O)(hmpH)Ni(CN)4]2·nH2O, (M(II) = Fe, Co and Ni); n = 12 for Fe, 2 for Co and Ni). The obtained complexes have been studied by elemental, thermal analysis, FT-IR, and Raman spectroscopic measurement techniques. Considering the alterations in characteristic peaks of cyanide, aqua, and hmpH ligands, general knowledge about the structural features of the complexes was detected from the vibrational spectra. The Ni(II) ion is coordinated by four cyanide-carbon atoms forming a square planar geometry. In addition, thermal analyses and electrical features of the complexes were investigated.
A NEW BIO-INSPIRED WING DESIGN WITH 3D ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING SCANNING AND PRINTING METHOD: MJF TECHNOLOGY
Authors: AYDIN Neslihan
Published: December 2023

In this study, unlike many wing profiles currently available, a new wing design has been carried out with bio-inspiration, which has attracted the attention of many scientists. There are many traditional methods in 3d additive manufacturing technologies. There are several types of 3D printing method. The four most preferred 3d printing methods are as follows. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Multi Jet Fusion (MJF). MJF technology, one-to-one prototype production of wings with very small dimensions and aerodynamic structure has been achieved. In contrast to FDM and other additive printing technologies, it is possible to eliminate highly sensitive and high surface quality products.
Analyzing of Total Number of Railway Accidents in Türkiye via Different Computational Models
Authors: ÇAKICI Ziya , MORTAZAVİ Ali , ALTINTAŞI Oruç
Published: December 2023

Accurate prediction of transport-related accidents is considered an important step in assessing the magnitude of the transport-related problems and accelerating decision-making to mitigate them. Therefore, such studies are of great importance for decision makers. In this study, it is aimed to accurately determine (estimate) the annual total number of railway accidents in Türkiye, considering the track length, train-km and Gross National Product (GNP) variables obtained from Türkiye Statistical Institute. In this context, firstly, four different computational models, three of which are optimization-based (one linear, the others nonlinear) and one based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN), are created. Subsequently, the goal was to minimize the Mean Square Error (MSE) between the observed and modeled data for each computational model developed. In the optimization-based models, the selection of the most suitable internal weighting coefficients was accomplished by utilizing the Differential Evolution Algorithm. Finally, within the scope of the study, all statistical results (mean square error, coefficient of determination) obtained for four different calculation models are compared with each other. Consequently, the analysis of the total number of railway accidents in Türkiye reveals that the quadratic model yields more realistic results compared to the other models.
Design of a Novel Electrochemical Immunosensor for Toxoplasma gondii Detection Based on Gold Nanoparticle/Chitosan Decorated Screen Printed Electrode
Authors: ŞANLI Serdar
Published: December 2023

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that primarily utilizes cats as its definitive host. This parasite, which is spread through cat feces, can be transmitted to other animals and, from there, to humans through various routes. In healthy individuals, this parasite may not cause severe illness, but it can be fatal, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems due to factors like chemotherapy or organ transplantation, as well as in fetuses developing in the womb. Given its relatively common occurrence worldwide, controlling the spread of this parasite is imperative. In this study, an antibody-based electrochemical biosensor was developed to directly detect Toxoplasma, offering potential applications in disease surveillance and management. The biosensor was designed using screen-printed electrodes, and the electrode surface was modified with chitosan and gold nanoparticles. Anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were immobilized onto the modified electrode surface using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent. Changes in surface properties were investigated using various techniques, including differential pulse voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The surface morphology of the developed immunosensor was visualized using scanning electron microscopy. Subsequently, the biosensor's linear working range and detection limit were determined, followed by its application in the detection of Toxoplasma gondii in synthetic serum samples. This innovative approach holds promise for the development of sensitive and specific diagnostic tools for Toxoplasma gondii infection, which is crucial for effective disease management and prevention, particularly in vulnerable populations.