bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Land Deformation Monitoring in Lanzhou City Based on SBAS-InSAR Technology
Authors: Rongrong Li , Weifang Yang , Deyan Li
Published: December 2020

With the continuous advancement of urban construction, the original natural landscapes such as wetlands, vegetation, and soil are converted into artificial landscapes such as buildings and roads, resulting in a wide range of changes in urban surface. Monitoring urban surface changes is of great significance to the healthy development of cities and the prevention of geological disasters. The traditional land deformation monitoring technology has the disadvantages of small monitoring range, large workload and low efficiency. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar technology can effectively solve the defects in the traditional deformation monitoring technology. This paper takes Lanzhou as the research area, selects the Sentinel-1A data of 25 scenes from 2014 to 2016, and uses the Small Baseline Subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SBAS-InSAR) for land deformation monitoring. The sedimentation observation results obtained by the SBAS-InSAR technique was analyzed with the methods of statistical analysis and time series analysis. The results show that: (1) The overall urban area of Lanzhou City has been slightly sunk, and the funnel in the deformation area is mainly concentrated in the mountainous areas, new residential buildings and subway stations. (2) From the perspective of each region, Shajingyiin Anning District, near XuanshengRundi in Jiuzhou, near Xiaodaping Driving Test Center, and near Xuanmagou-Badaoping Village in Chengguan, near Donggang Cargo Center, near Fulongping, near Hendafeicuihuating in Qilihe District, near Lanzhou West Railway Station and other places all showed strong subsidence trends, and the area with the highest deformation rate is Xiaodaping, which maximum average annual deformation velocity can reach 30.8mm/a, and the cumulative deformation is as high as 65.9mm.(3) The land deformation of Lanzhou City shows a non-linear downward trend, and the deformation gradually spreads in the east-west direction. Eventually, deformation also occurred in some foothills in the north and south, and in some urban areas. (4) The main driving factors for settlement in the urban area of Lanzhou are loess soil, rail transportation and urbanization.
Application analysis of green ecological building theory based on residential architectural design
Authors: Chen Lisheng
Published: December 2020

At this stage, with the proposal of green, ecological and environmental protection concepts, higher requirements have been put forward for the current residential architectural design. Applying the concept of green ecological architecture to residential architectural design can not only reduce the consumption of resources and pollution to the environment, but also achieve the construction of green houses and green cities. At the same time, it is also the key that promotes the sustainable development of the construction industry. In this article, it first analyzes the significance of green ecological residential architectural design; it then focuses on the specific application of green ecological architectural concepts in residential building design.
Analysis of Chinese international contractors and designers in 2020
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Chen Chuan
Published: December 2020

Based on the list of top 250 international contractors and top 225 international designers released by Engineering News Record (ENR), this paper detailed the latest statistical analysis and comparison of the top 250 international contractors and the top 225 international designers from the three aspects of ranking, field and region. The seventy-four Chinese international contractors listed on the top 250 in 2020 have international revenues of US$120.01 billion, a slight increase of 0.87% over last year; the overseas design amount of the 24 Chinese designers on the top 225 list in 2020 was US $4.294 billion, a decrease of 15.92% over last year.
Research on Influencing Factors of Average Sales Price of Residential Commercial Housing in Major Cities of China
Authors: Bai Yu
Published: December 2020

Housing prices are closely related to a country’s social stability, political economy, etc., and its fluctuations will also be affected by many factors. This paper collects relevant data from 35 major cities in China over the past ten years to study the effects of changes in different factors on housing prices. It mainly uses multiple regression analysis and panel regression analysis to guide residential sales prices more scientifically and effectively. It is of certain significance to promote the healthy and orderly development of the real estate market.
A Study on the Dynamic Mechanism of Private Capital Participating in Urban Informatization Construction
Authors: Wang Dong , Wu Meiling , Xie Yan
Published: December 2020

During the construction process of urban informatization, private capital is an important source of funds. How to motivate the enthusiasm of private capital to participate in informatization construction is a key issue. This article analyzes the characteristics of private capital, sorts out the types of power that private capital enters into urban informatization construction, and constructs a dynamic model for private capital to participate in the construction from internal and external. At the same time, the formation mechanism and implementation strategy are designed according to different dynamic models.
System-dynamics-based the analysis for material scheduling capacity
Authors: Jin Han , Er-fu Dai
Published: December 2020

Emergency material scheduling is an essential part of disaster prevention and mitigation. This paper builds up materials scheduling model based on system dynamics, real-simulation the process of emergency material scheduling in disaster prevention and mitigation, exploring the main factors that affect a city’s emergency capacity. The result shows that: the higher the scheduling capacity of government emergency material, the city’s emergency capacity can reach its peak level faster. This model can predict materials scheduling speed in real-time and provide the government’s emergency administrative department with a theoretical foundation to formulate reasonable disaster prevention and mitigation plans.
Research on the Influence of Vertical Green of Envelope Structure on Indoor Thermal Environment——A study of Zhengzhou city
Authors: Du Jinxia , Hu Wentao , liang Luxu , Zhang Wanying , Tian Jianye , Li Kangjie , Kang Jiacheng
Published: December 2020

In this paper, control variable comparative test was employed to study the effect of the vertical greening of the envelope structure on the indoor thermal environment of Zhengzhou city. Two rooms with exactly the same structure except for the vertical greening were used as the experimental group and the reference group. The experimental results found that when vertical greening was adopted, the average temperature of the outer surface of the wall was decreased by 7.6 °C and 0.4 °C during the day and night, while the average indoor air temperature was decreased by 1.8 °C and 0.1 °C respectively. Therefore, we also found out that the average indoor air relative humidity of green vertical room was increased by 3.9% and 0.2% during the day and night with respect to the reference room. It shows out that vertical greening can effectively alleviate overheating, stabilize indoor environmental humidity, and improve the indoor thermal environment significantly.
Policy text analysis of Hainan Free Trade Zone (Port) from the perspective of policy tools
Authors: Zhiyuan Ge , Rui Hua
Published: December 2020

Through the analysis of policies of Hainan Free Trade Zone (Port), deficiencies can be found and timely adjustment can improve the supporting role of policies for the construction of Hainan Free Trade Zone (Port), which is of great significance for promoting the development of Hainan Free Trade Zone (Port). Based on the perspective of policy combination, the research framework is constructed from five dimensions of “posting time - Issuing agency - policy type - policy subject - policy tool”. The content analysis and social network analysis are combined to conduct quantitative research on 108 policy texts related to the construction of Hainan Free Trade Zone (Port) from April 2018 to June 2020. The study found that the current policies of Hainan FREE Trade Zone (Port) involve more comprehensive fields, the government pays more attention to them, and the central government has a good coordination. However, there are some problems, such as fewer institutional associations, lack of demand-type policy tools, and imbalance in the internal structure of policy tools.
Research on the application of artificial intelligence technology in the field of urban security
Authors: Ying Sun
Published: December 2020

Artificial intelligence is one of the core factors that determine the future development of the security field. As one of the main means to maintain public security in modern society, security technology is of great significance to ensure the harmonious and stable development of society. In order to strengthen the application of artificial intelligence in the field of security and improve the automation and intelligence level of security technology, it is necessary to continuously study the application scheme of artificial intelligence in the field of security so that the security products can continuously meet the new needs brought by social development. In view of this, this paper mainly discusses the application of artificial intelligence technology in the field of security. First of all, the development level and stage of AI in the field of security are described. Secondly, the types of AI technology applied in the field of security are introduced. Thirdly, the practical application of AI in the field of security is summarized. Finally, it discusses the development prospect and trend of smart security in smart city construction.
Evaluation of urban light-emitting diodes lighting facilities’ impact on landscape shrub
Authors: Xiong Changwei , Xu Xiaoqiao , Chen Qingchang
Published: December 2020

In the field of urban lighting and landscape planning, most researchers focus on how to make lighting meet people’s demand, while few researchers consider the impact of lighting systems on landscape plants. Based on statistical methods and field measurements, the brightness data of street lamps in a street of Shanghai were collected, and these data were compared to the shrub growth data of the street green belt. The results show that LED street lighting facilities have a promotion effect on the growth rates of shrub’s new shoots, while it also have effect on shrub leaves’ greenness. This study discussed a statistically method to evaluate the impact of urban lighting system on landscape plants, providing theoretical and methodological support for unban lighting and ecological landscape design. Besides, this study could also help further study about the impact of urban lighting on Urban ecosystem.
Influence of exits and evacuees on evacuation efficiency
Authors: Han Xinxing
Published: December 2020

In order to study the evacuation process of crowd in evacuation space containing four exits (two exits on one side), a simulation environment was built by using multi-agent simulation platform NetLogo, and the evacuation simulation model was constructed. The influence of exit location, exit width and evacuee number on the evacuation efficiency was studied, the results show that: with the exit moving to the middle, the evacuation time first decreases and then increases, and the decreasing rate of evacuation time decreases gradually and the increasing rate increases gradually; when the evacuee number is small, the evacuation time decreases with the increase of exit width, until the evacuation time remains unchanged when the exit width is large enough. However, when the evacuee number is large, the evacuation time in different positions decreases with the increase of exit width, and the overall decrease rate decreases; with the exit moving to the middle, the increasing rate of evacuation time with the increase of evacuee number at different exit widths decreases at first and then increases. The research results can provide some reference value for the evacuation exit design of building and emergency command of crowd evacuation.
Contract coordination of emergency supply chain with government participation considering risk aversion of participants
Authors: Lin Peng , Song Yinghua , Liu Dan
Published: December 2020

For governments and nonprofit organizations such as the Red Cross, charity federation, through the contract form emergency relief materials reserve not for profit, but to cope with the future the possibility of natural disasters and public health events, the occurrence of natural disasters and public health events has great uncertainty, which makes the demand for emergency relief supplies have great randomness. On the basis of predecessors’ research, according to the use of options in the theory of supply chain coordination, to build the mathematical model based on option contract, research shows that option contracts can be achieved under the conditional value at risk of emergency relief supply chain coordination, in order to improve the effectiveness of emergency relief supply chain, with the increase of Co option purchase price, the government will increase by option order quantity q**, Q** way to reduce the initial order quantity q reduce material procurement cost; When the option purchase price Co is fixed, the supplier’s risk aversion increases with the decrease of the risk preference coefficient. In this case, the government, as the purchaser, needs to provide a higher option strike price Ce to encourage the supplier to produce according to the optimal output of the supply chain system.
Circulation characteristics of two cases of Sea-entering Tibetan Plateau Vortices causing obvious differences in China precipitation
Authors: Yu S H , Gao W L , Peng J
Published: December 2020

By using the NCEP FNL, historical synoptic charts and the year books of Tibetan plateau vortex and shear Line, based on synoptic and diagnosis methods, the observation facts of the sea-entering Tibetan Plateau vortices (STPVs) from 1998 to 2018, (STPVs) from 1998 to 2018, the two southeast-path STPVs that made great differences in precipitation are comparatively analyzed. The results show that: (1) The would bring precipitation to the eastern coast of China, and further affecting Korean Peninsula, Japan and Russia. (2) The different circulation characteristics of large- and small-scale precipitation STPVs are as follows:there are strong north and south branch jets at 200hPa and the north branch jet extends to east-ward with the core moving to east, and the circulation is more stable at 500hPa to the north of 45°N in East Asia, and STPV induces low vortex in the lower atmosphere in large-scale precipiitation STPV process. The opposite situation is true for small-scale precipitation STPV process. As a result, there are rising motion areas with large range and strong strength in and near the large-scale precipitation STPV area in the middle and lower troposphere, where larger water vapor flux and strong water vapor flux convergence also exist.
Study of effects of downhole conditions on the setting time and compressive strength of MOS settable system by orthogonal experimental design
Authors: Cui K X , Jiang G C , Quan X H , Wang Z H , Hua Z C
Published: December 2020

Lost circulations of drilling fluids during drilling and completion can be an expensive and time-consuming problem. Commonly used lost circulation materials (LCMs) like nutshells or cross-linked polymer gels can’t be easily removed after plugging with a risk of formation damage. Magnesium oxysulfate cement (MOS cement) provides a reliable solution for solving the severe loss that occurs in production and non-production zones. In this paper, the effects of harsh downhole conditions including density, bentonite content, salt content, and temperature on the setting time and compressive strength of the MOS settable system are studied using the orthogonal experimental analysis method. At the same time, laboratory plugging experiments and field application are used to evaluate the ability of the MOS settable system to seal the severe loss. The results show that the downhole conditions have a significant effect on the setting time and compressive strength of the system. By adding calcium carbonate particles, the permeability of the MOS settable system can be reduced and the pressure-bearing capacity of the MOS solidified plug can be improved. Field application shows that this settable system can solve severe loss that conventional LCMs cannot solve and has a good application prospect.
Screening methodology of groundwater priority-control pollutants: A case study
Authors: Li X F , Zhang H Q , Miao S , Liu C , Miao Q
Published: December 2020

As an important source of domestic water and drinking water, the groundwater quality is crucial. Reasonable screening of typical groundwater pollutants is crucial for studying groundwater quality. At present, most research in Linyi focus on the distribution and utilization of water resources, few research focuses on groundwater quality. Therefore, this paper introduces a method of screening priority pollutants, that is, the screening method based on pollution assessment. This method can help to clarify research priorities and make targeted recommendations. In this paper, the study area is a Development Zone of Linyi. Based on groundwater monitoring data of November 2012 and November 2017, a screening method of groundwater priority control pollutants based on pollution assessment is applied to screen out typical pollutants of shallow groundwater quality. It will provide reference for future managements and planning of groundwater in the Development Zone. After pollutants screening and assignment calculation, the results show that the typical pollutants in groundwater are nitrite, anionic surfactant, ammonia nitrogen, fluoride, sodium, nitrate, permanganate index, sulfate, chloride, total hardness, total dissolved solids.
Typhoon wave modelling application for planning the harbor in Danang city, Viet Nam
Authors: Nguyen Q B , Nguyen C P , Vo N D
Published: December 2020

Analysis of wave propagation in shallow water is considered as one of the important keys in assessing the shoreline evolution, as well as an important basis for assessing the impact of waves on coastal structures. With the purpose of simulating the wave propagation process in the area of Danang Bay, as a basis for assessing the impact of waves and wind on the shoreline evolution as well as giving appropriate construction measures, the study has analysed wave propagation in an area of about 60.3 × 103 km2. Using the MIKE 21/3 module of the Danish Hydraulics Institute, and simulating under the most extreme wave conditions, under the impact of hurricanes level 10, level 13 and level 16 (conditions and storm trajectories based on Nari storm in 2013) as well as the influence of the flow of the Cu De and Han rivers, the study initially showed changes in velocity fields over time, changes in water level and waves in Danang Bay. These results are expected to become the basis for consultation with local authorities in coastal management and disaster prevention, especially in the context of increasingly complex climate change and sea level rise.
Reference evapotranspiration estimation using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system with limited meteorological data
Authors: Chia M Y , Huang Y F , Koo C H
Published: December 2020

Machine learning tools are extremely useful for the estimation and modelling of hydrological processes such as evapotranspiration (ET). In this study, reference evapotranspiration (ET0) in Labuan located in the East Malaysia was estimated using an artificial neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). In order to investigate the feasibility of the ANFIS model for a wide temporal range, daily meteorological data collected at Station 96465 (Labuan) from year 2014 to 2018 were divided on an annual basis. ANFIS models were trained using data from different years as well as varying combinations of one climatic parameter with solar radiation. The study revealed that the ANFIS model was capable of performing accurate estimation when only one year of training data were used where errors of less than 5 % and NSE above 0.950 were achieved. This finding could be useful for new meteorological stations where data are limited. Furthermore, solar radiation and minimum temperature were deemed to be the best input combination because of their distinguishable characteristics. Maximum temperature which highly overlaps solar radiation in nature was found the worst complementary input. However, it is important to note that the importance of climatic parameters could be affected by extreme weather conditions.
Application of high-performance water-based drilling fluid system in Mahu oilfield
Authors: Quan X H , Jiang G C , Cui K X , Luo X W , Zhao L , Chen C W , Xiao F F
Published: December 2020

The Baikouquan Formation in Block 18 of Mahu Oilfield, Xinjiang, is easily hydrated with mud shale; it exhibits poor cementation speed, low mechanical drilling speed, and high accident and complexity rates during drilling. The existing water-based drilling fluids show poor inhibitory properties, insufficient lubrication and anti-seize, and insufficient plugging ability for pores and micro-fractures, so it cannot easily satisfy construction requirements. In the present study, a strong inhibitor YZFS-1 and a wall-fixing agent GBFS-1 are introduced based on the existing water-based drilling fluid system to build a set of high-performance water-based drilling fluid system that has successful applications in a well. As revealed from the results of its field application: XZ high-efficiency water-based drilling fluid system exhibits stable rheology, low filtration loss, robust suppression ability and regular well diameter, and without the presence of downhole complex accidents. As compared with adjacent wells, the system of this study exhibits high drilling speed, a short cycle, low cost and significant effects, providing a solid technical guarantee for safe and efficient development in the area.
Numerical modeling of diffusion of leaked soluble hazardous chemicals in the Daya Bay, China
Authors: Ge C , Chen M Y , Zhu Y Z , Zhang H Q , Xu P
Published: December 2020

Based on observation data and temperature diffusion experiment of soluble hazardous chemicals, propylene oxide was taken as a typical hazardous chemical to simulate diffusion after leakage in conditions of variable locations, source intensities, and tides in the Daya Bay by FVCOM model. The results show no unsafe concentration (0.02 mg/L) area after 24 hours for leakage of 100 tons occurring in channel and anchorage, and over 3 km2 unsafe area for the same amount of leakage occurring in port. There are more than 5 km2 and 10 km2 unsafe areas after 24 hours in all locations for 500 t and 1000 t leakage, respectively. Maximum diffusion distance and range increase with increasing diffusion space and current velocity, while the dilution effect becomes stronger, which results in maximum diffusion distance and range in channel, followed by anchorage and port, and reversed maximum concentration distribution. Current velocity acts more as a disincentive within 1 hour and an incentive for diffusion after 1 hour. Diffusion simulation of typical hazardous chemicals will provide technical supports to improve ability of handling environmental emergency in the Daya Bay.
Investigation in heavy metal contents of drinking water and fish from Darbandikhan and Dokan Lakes in Sulaimaniyah Province - Iraqi Kurdistan Region
Authors: Abdulla S M , Jamil D M , Aziz K H H
Published: December 2020

Dokan and Darbendikhan lakes are the two major lakes in Iraqi Kurdistan feeding the population of Sulaimani province. To evaluate the suitability of water for aquatic life and drinking purposes, the heavy metal contents of drinking water and fishes from the lakes was investigated. The samples were collected from the reservoir (raw water), water after treatment (tank water) and water from residential areas (tap water) on monthly basis over a year. The results of copper, lead, cadmium and zinc analysis showed 6.2 – 56.9, 91.6 – 413.4, 4.0 – 35.6, 42.6 – 388.8 μg/L at Darbandikhan lake and 14.7 – 79.3, 83.5 – 265.9, 15.9 – 43.9, 1.8 – 112.9 μg/L at Dokan lake, respectively. Lead and Cadmium contents were exceeded the maximum permitted levels by WHO in all the water samples. Fish samples of ages 1-3 years from both lakes were also examined for copper, lead and cadmium. All the samples were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma. These findings suggest the drinking water is contaminated with heavy metals, and the fishes were also found with far higher lead and cadmium content than are permitted. The results obtained are alarming and need urgent action to mitigate environmental pollution.
Assessment of rain-flood availability in the upper reaches of Hanjiang River and its water-constrained response
Authors: Deng P X , Bing J P , Xu C J , Jia J W , Zhang M Y
Published: December 2020

In order to analyze the potential of rain-flood resources, and to reveal its water-constrained response to further develop the assessment method of rain-flood availability, based on the conceptual model, this paper takes the upper reaches of Hanjiang River (UHRB) as a demonstration area to carry out the assessment of rain-flood availability. According to the constraint factors, analysis of water-constrained response has been conducted. It is found that the average annual rain-flood availability amount during the flood season in UHRB is 17.30 billion m3, and the rain-flood utilization potential is 5.37 billion m3, showing a decreasing trend since the 21st century. Rain-flood utilization is directly constrained by regulation ability and necessary water requirements such as production, living and ecological environment, and there is an obvious non-linear response relationship. Based on scenario assumptions, the iso-curve of rain-flood resources availability and utilization potential that meet the practical needs of water resources utilization could be drawn. The findings enrich the evaluation theory of rain-flood resources and provide technical support for improving the water resources utilization efficiency.
An Artificial intelligence approach for predicting compressive strength of eco-friendly concrete containing waste tire rubber
Authors: Dat L T M , Dmitrieva T L , Duong V N , Canh D T N
Published: December 2020

Using waste tire rubber as a aggregate replacement in the production of concrete can be considered as an effective way for environment and economies. This study presents an approach based on a prediction model using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to predict compressive strength of eco-friendly concrete containing waste tire rubber (RC). A data set with nine influencing features including water, cement, supplementary cementitious materials, coarse aggregate, coarse rubber aggregate, fine aggregate, fine rubber aggregate, superplasticizer, age using for training and validating models have been collected from the literature. The output was compressive strength of RC. The combination of root mean square propagation and stochastic gradient descent with momentum method is employed to train the ANN. Using various validation criteria such as coefficient of determination (R2), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), the ANN model was validated and compared with two machine learning (ML) techniques Random Forest (RF) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP). A Sensitivity analysis also was carried out to validate the robustness and stability of these models. The experimental results showed that the ANN model outperformed in comparing with other models and therefore it can be used as a suitable approach to predict compressive strength of eco-friendly rubber concrete.
Knowledge mapping of urban water resources management under changing environment
Authors: Wang S M , Jiang R G , Xie J C , Pan T , Liang J C
Published: December 2020

With climate change and inappropriate human behavior, the problem of urban water resources has become increasingly serious. The aim of this paper is to make insights into certain characteristics and landmark articles of urban water resources management (UWRM) and to analyze the future trends of this field. Bibliometric software is used to explore the spatial and temporal distribution, research hotspots, research frontiers and representative literature in the field. The number of publications in the field shown a steady growth trend for past 12 years. Among all the countries, Australia has published the largest quantity of articles than other countries, and Netherlands has the closest connection to others. The reference co-citation analysis was carried out to obtain the representative references. Based on keyword co-occurrence analysis, research hotspots mainly include system, climate change, impact, sustainability. Emerging keywords were obtained using keyword burst detection analysis, indicating that reducing environment footprint and sustainable rainwater management are the research frontiers in the last few years, and are expected to continue.
Using GLOBE as a simulation lab to prepare STEM ready pre-service environmental science teachers: a liberal arts university’s approach
Authors: Morewell G , Timothy G
Published: December 2020

To prepare Pre-service teachers to meet the demands of an increasingly technological society, a GLOBE (Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment) simulation lab was infused into one of the pre-service teachers’ science courses. This course was designed to support and engage pre-service teachers in understanding how to incorporate meaningful STEM activities into their own learning experiences, and how ultimately to infuse this learning experience into their future classrooms. Organized as a research project, the course emphasizes integrating inquiry-based teaching approaches to the learning environment for pre-service teachers to develop a holistic understanding of basic Earth Science concepts. The GLOBE simulation laboratory is equipped with computers, interfaced LabQuest probes and traditional laboratory equipment that enhance interactive learning and hands-on experiences. A major component of the course is the ability to develop activities into long-term research projects. Data for a 12-months period is highlighted in this paper. Results from an end of course survey indicated that pre-service teachers valued their experiences in the simulation lab and were more confident in their ability to incorporate Geoscience ideas into the learning environment.
Water quality evaluation used to function feasibility case study on Babon river in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Wahyudi R S , Wahyudi S I , Subagya P H
Published: December 2020

Semarang City, is Capital of Central Java Province Indonesia, has many watersheds which it’s still unknown about water quality, water class and function. The other hand, the people need to water resources for some utilization. Babon Watershed is one of them, and located at north slope of Ungaran Mount. The main river is about 33,76 km length. Base on its function, from upstream to downstream, Babon Watershed can be divided into 8 segments. Data collection of river water quality is done by taking samples on the representative location. The parameters analysed included physical parameters (TDS, TSS, temperature, DHL, brightness), inorganic chemical parameters (pH, BOD, COD, total P, NO2, NO3, N total, NH3, Cl, F, Sulphate, H2S, chlorine free, sulfur as H2S), organic chemical parameters (oil-fat, detergent as MBAS, phenol), and biological parameters (fecal coliform and total coliform). According to the analysis results obtained that in segment number I, II, III of Babon Watershed is recommended to function in class II, while segments number IV, V, VI, VII, VIII are recommended to function in class III.
Ammonia, oil and grease, and COD reduction of septage wastewater via electrocoagulation using black iron electrodes
Authors: Cruz K D , Villanueva B H A , Martos M K D , Asuncion A G , Esguerra M J S
Published: December 2020

Septage wastewater is one of the highly problematic wastewaters due to the large oil and grease content and a pungent odor due to high ammonia content. These contaminants pose an environmental threat especially when discharged to the bodies of water. Electrocoagulation (EC) has been reported in several papers as an effective method for various contaminants but no report has been found on septage wastewater being treated with EC. Thus, this study considered EC for the removal of ammonia, oil and grease, total suspended solids (TSS), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The treatment made use of black iron electrode and pollutant removal was monitored through time. Maximum removal was obtained after 60 minutes of treatment wherein ammonia was reduced to 97.79%, TSS to 95.83%, oil and grease to 85.20%, and COD to 54.67%. As a preliminary study, these results were promising for septage wastewater treatment using electrocoagulation.
Pollution source localisation in a simple river branch
Authors: Sokáč M , Velísková Y
Published: December 2020

Modern water quality monitoring system enables detailed observation of water quality parameters. Measured data of the pollution concentration time course can be consequently used for determination of the pollution source position. Paper deals with the solution of inverse problem, where the pollution source and its position is determined from the pollution concentration time courses obtained in the monitored watercourse profile located downstream. The main objective of this paper is to introduce the simple method for solution of pollution spreading inverse task and to analyse the accuracy of this method application. For this aim, a software tool was developed. Two different analytical solutions equation for this tool were used. For the method verification, data from a field tracer experiment were used. The experiment was performed on a lowland channel with extensive vegetation coverage. The test results show, that the proposed procedure is feasible, the numeric solution is reliable, stable and fast. Results of tests have also indicated the impact of used analytical solution equation and also the software tool ability to fit the specific conditions in the real streams.
Adsorption of Cu2+ and rhodamine B by zeolite obtained from electrolytic manganese residue
Authors: Li C X , Yu Y , Zhang Q W
Published: December 2020

The adsorption of Cu2+ and rhodamine B from aqueous solutions onto zeolite derived from electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) via a fusion method was investigated. The adsorption kinetic for Cu2+ and rhodamine B onto EMR-based zeolite (EMRZ) was explored and best determined by Pseudo-second-order kinetic model. And the adsorption capacity of Cu2+ and rhodamine B reach up to 66.86 and 18.96 mg·g−1 respectively.
Study on target zoning and value of annual runoff total control in Sanya sponge city
Authors: Chen Y Y , Hu F X , Wang K Q , Zhou S S
Published: December 2020

In order to repair the ecological environment of Sanya City, serve the construction of a sponge city in the location, and increase the core competitiveness of tourist cities, this paper, based on the compilation of the special plan for Sanya’s sponge city, uses the target decomposition three-level method to conduct target zoning research on the annual runoff total control rate. It analyzes the values and restrictions of the target decomposition of the sponge city construction area and zoning. The results show that, influenced by natural geographical and climatic conditions and urban construction, the annual runoff total control rate of construction in Sanya sponge city is 60%, and the corresponding design rainfall is 25.30mm. Decomposing the current situation and planning of construction land in the block, it can be concluded that the annual runoff control rate in Yuechuan area is 87%, which exceeds the total runoff control target set in the Guidelines. The runoff control rate in the Donghe area is 46.61% to 80%, and the runoff control rate in the Xihe area is the lowest at 46.78% to 56.86%. The research results are expected to provide the scientific basis for the construction of Sanya sponge city.
Precipitation and flood impact on rice paddies: Statistics in Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Pratiwi E P A , Hartono A O , Wijdan H Z , Nurrochmad F , Setyawan C
Published: December 2020

Rice, the staple food of most Indonesian people, is mostly produced on Java Island. Flood disasters can cause rice damage, especially during the wet season, when torrential rainfall occurs frequently. The current study investigated the risk of rice damage due to flood disasters. To analyze statistical property and behavior from the 23-years data in Central Java, parametric tests, and the equivalent nonparametric tests were performed. Two-sample t-test and two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) tests were used to identify precipitation threshold that leads to damaging flood. Pearson’s r and Spearman’s rho coefficients were then computed to measure the strength of association between precipitation and the area of rice paddies affected by flood disasters. The results indicated that there was a clear higher mean (p < 0.05) of the precipitation group causing damaging flood than the other group that did not cause damage. The critical precipitation was about 200 mm in a month. The flood-affected area was not a normal distribution, but the log-transformed data appeared a near-normal distribution. Finally, the correlation tests revealed that the log-transformed affected area is linearly and monotonically dependent on precipitation (Pearson’s r = 0.483, Spearman’s rho = 0.475, p < 0.05).
Willingness to pay for flood insurance: a case study in Phang Khon, Sakon Nakhon Province, Thailand
Authors: Paopid S , Tang J , Leelawat N
Published: December 2020

Long droughts and floods can reduce agricultural productivity and negatively impact upon businesses in the agriculture and food industries. The prevention and response to floods require both public and private efforts (e.g., “Pay for Flood” insurance) for utmost effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential factors that influence the people of Phang Khon District, near the Nam Un Dam, in paying flood insurance. The regression results showed that the height and duration of flooding, house price, and flood damage, were all key factors that triggered the willingness to pay flood insurance. In contrast, having a house with stairs decreased the likelihood of paying insurance. Our research suggested that 12.69 -19.04 USD/month is a commonly accepted flood insurance premium in Thailand. These findings can guide governments and insurance providers and companies towards improving their flood insurance practices.
Application of remote sensing to estimate river sediment transport in the Calabrian basins (Italy)
Authors: Foti G , Barbaro G , Bombino G
Published: December 2020

Over recent decades, Soil Erosion by Water (WSE) has become a severe and extended issue affecting all European countries. The European Mediterranean countries are particularly prone to erosion because they are subject to prolonged dry periods followed by heavy erosive rains falling on steep slopes characterized by fragile soils. In particular, natural conditions and the human impact have made Calabria region, in southern Italy, particularly prone to intense WSE. The paper describes the methodology adopted to quantify solid transport in the Allaro river basin, located on the Ionian coast of Calabria. The methodology is divided into three phases, as follows: morphometric characterization of the river basin, identification of the available gauges and analysis of rainfall and temperature data and influence area of each gauge, and estimate of solid transport using the Gavrilovic model. This model is particularly valid for rivers such as the Calabrian ones where most of the solid transport is linked to the WSE. The methodology described in this paper is suitable to all basins with morphometric and hydrological characteristics like those Allaro and Calabrian basins. Furthermore, an improvement in the river transport estimate is important not only for the planning and management of the areas near the rivers but also for the coastal areas near the mouths.
Evaluation of topographic data sources for 2D flood modelling: case study of Kelani basin, Sri Lanka
Authors: Suja A C A , Rajapakse R L H L
Published: December 2020

Frequent flooding in Sri Lanka underscores the necessity of flood modelling as inundation extent and flood depth can easily be identified for implementing flood control measures. Accuracy of flood modelling is primarily influenced by topographic data sources and their resolution. Due to the lack of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data source in most regions of Sri Lanka, alternative topographic data sources need to be assessed. This paper investigates the accuracy of 2D flood model results in terms of flood depth and inundation extent developed based on open source topographic data sources, namely Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission (ASTER) with 30 and 90 m resolutions. This study was carried out at the downstream of Kelani river basin as it is prone to frequent flooding. The 1 m resolution LiDAR data were used as the reference data to assess the accuracy of aforesaid data sources, and were resampled to 30 and 90 m to investigate the effect of resolution with SRTM and ASTER data sources. The results show that reduction in the resolution of LiDAR data source does not significantly affect the model accuracy as even 90 m resolution LiDAR data source produced higher accurate results (flood depth, root mean square error of 0.95 m; inundation extent, F-statistic of 70.21%) than the 30 m resolution SRTM and ASTER data sources.
Targeted placement of soil erosion prevention works after wildfires
Authors: Zaimes G N , Kasapidis I , Gkiatas G , Pagonis G , Savvopoulou A , Iakovoglou V
Published: December 2020

Anthropogenic activities and climate change have accelerated soil erosion in the Mediterranean. In the region, erosion rates are further exacerbated due to frequent wildfires and flash floods. Soil bioengineering works and nature-based solutions need to be placed in targeted areas to provide the greatest erosion control in the burnt areas. The purpose of this study was to provide a targeted approach by utilizing spatial software along with field measurements to place optimally soil erosion prevention works. Specifically, the Gavrilovic soil erosion equation was implemented within the Geographical Information System (GIS) to estimate the areas of greatest erosion potential. The study area was Prinos Watershed of Thasos Island in Greece that was burnt in the summer of 2017. To run the soil erosion equation in GIS, different layers of data were collected or developed. Visual field measurements were taken to estimate the erosion potential factor. The results indicated the areas with the greatest soil erosion and allowed to pinpoint the location for the soil bioengineering works. The recommended works were wooden dams and log erosion barriers. This method could be used by the Greek Forest Service to promote the sustainable restoration of burnt areas.
Physical model experimental analysis of bidirectional shaft tubular pump device
Authors: Yuan Y , Zhang Y Q , Xu X D , Yang F
Published: December 2020

Based on the two-way cross flow pump station of Dingbo water conservancy project in Jiangyin City, the energy characteristics, cavitation characteristics and runaway characteristics of the model device of the two-way shaft cross flow pump are tested, and the performance test data of the two-way shaft cross flow pump device in the forward and reverse operation are obtained. The results show that the flow pattern of the two-way cross flow pump is stable without vortex and the operation of the pump is stable. When the blade angle is - 4 °, the physical model efficiency of the two-way Shaft Tubular pump is 70.95% under the condition of 3.05 m forward design head and 57.39% under the condition of 1.43 m reverse design head; the cavitation performance of the pump near the forward and reverse design heads is the best, and the critical necessary NPSH is less than 8 m. When the maximum positive net head is 2.99 m, the maximum runaway speed of the prototype pump is 1.50 times of the rated speed of the pump; when the maximum negative net head is 2.57 m, the maximum runaway speed of the prototype pump is 1.13 times of the rated speed of the pump; the smaller the blade angle, the higher the unit runaway speed.
Climate change effects on irrigated agriculture: perspectives from agricultural producers in eastern Uzbekistan
Authors: Salokhiddinov A , Boirov R , Ismailov M , Mamatov S , Khakimova P , Rakhmatullaeva M
Published: December 2020

Sustainability of irrigated agricultural development has been severely impacted by global climate change in recent decades, which is among the main environmental and economic problems facing the world community. The article presents the results of the research conducted in selected areas of irrigated agriculture in eastern Uzbekistan to study the impact of climate change on agricultural production and the agricultural producer’s perspective and awareness. Major factors affecting agricultural producers’ behavior under climate change and their current practices and skills for adapting to climate change were studied. The field study has been conducted in 9 districts located in two regions of the Ferghana valley. The respondents-representatives of agricultural producers selected from the list of Farmer’s Associations members taking their location relative to irrigation water sources into account. Quantitative analysis of data carried out with the use of SPSS-22 software. As the research results show, the impact of climate change on irrigated agriculture has become incredibly tangible in the last decade. It affected the situation with losses in yields of up to 16% and decreasing the quality of agricultural products. The rural population’s vulnerability factors include low income from agriculture, acute dependence on irrigation in conditions of increasing water scarcity, low level of applied technologies, adaptation measures, low yields, land degradation, etc. Analysis of the research results, and other related studies on this issue, allows us to indicate directions for improving adaptation measures in the short, medium, and long-term periods.
Wind and current loads on a pipelaying crane vessel
Authors: Zan Y F , Guo R N , Bai X , Ma Y , Yuan L H , Huang F X
Published: December 2020

Wind and current loads have a significant effect on crane vessel and pipelaying operations. This study analyzes a pipelaying crane vessel performing deep-water operations, and uses a computational fluid dynamics code to calculate the wind and current load and moment coefficients of the vessel during its operations. The simulation conditions are set to be identical to those of wind tunnel tests, and the crane vessel hull is divided into upper and lower parts, with the upper part influenced by the wind loads and the lower part influenced by the current loads. In this work, 3D hull models were constructed, and k-ε turbulence models were solved by the Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes Equations. The wind and current loads on the hull model are obtained for 50 wind and current angle combinations. The simulation results are found to be in good agreement (within 10%) with the wind tunnel test results for most headings, verifying the feasibility of the numerical simulation method. Finally, the characteristics of the load coefficients are generalized.