bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Analysis on Performance of Steel Frame Combined Node with Web Openings
Authors: Jia Xi Xi , Deng Xi Sheng , Li Bin
Published: March 2015

This paper analyzed the mechanical properties of the web opening nodes on the steel frame which considered the combined effects, with the finite element analysis software ABAQUS . When the structure with the web openings withstood static loads,formation process of plastic hinge was also analyzed. By applying a load-displacement curve at the endpoint of the main beam, the impact of the flange thickness ratio on the seismic performance was researched. The results showed that reducing the flange thickness will decrease the structural capacity, while the improvement of hysteretic performance was not significant. However, reducing the flange thickness and increasing width of the flange at the same time would not only increase the structural capacity, but also improve the hysteretic behavior and the seismic performance of the structure.
Wavelet Transform with Application in Roadside Landscape Design
Authors: Zhang Tong Yang , Wei Zhong Hua , Wang Li , Zhao Xia , Wang Ting
Published: March 2015

This paper aims to apply the wavelet transform to the study of driver’s heart rate in different roadside landscape patterns. In the methodology, we describe the procedure in detail that implementing wavelet transform to denoise heart rate signal. The result shows the algorithm presented with the best performance is suitable to process heart rate signal. In the case study, taking advantage of the superiority of wavelet transform in time-frequency domain, it is apparent that heart rate is in a state of fluctuation continuously. That confirms that sensitivity of heart rate measure the mental workload. We also observe that landscape transition enhance driver’s heart rate on a small scale, which makes a positive effect on driver and can be adopted as a countermeasure against the fatigue of driver in the further road landscape design.
Modeling on the Structral Optimization of Passenger Transport System in Urban
Authors: Song Cheng Ju , Zhang Ya Ping , Dong Yu
Published: March 2015

The structure of comprehensive passenger transportation system in urban determines the development direction of urban transport, it is significance to guide residents to travel, reduce the energy consumption, build harmonious traffic. It is started from the analysis on the composition and characteristics of passenger transport system in urban, take the traffic function utility maximization as the objective, considering the passengers demand constraints, roads resource constraints, energy consuming constraints, emission constraints and the each mode development plan constraints, establish the structure optimization model on passenger transport system in urban, combined with the actual data in Harbin, standardized model parameters, solved the optimal structure, and compared with the status data, the study shows that: in the comprehensive passenger transportation system of harbin, the propotion of public transport and walking is low, while the private car, bicycles and taxis is high, the targeted recommendations for improvement is proposed.
Research of Train Flexible Marshalling Transportation Organization for Urban Rail Transit
Authors: Lou Zhe Ni , Han Bao Ming , Zheng Qing Jie
Published: March 2015

This paper introduces the basic concept of flexible marshalling, summarizes the existing basic types of train marshalling transportation organization mode, contrasted to various types of applicable situation and advantages and disadvantages. Based on the analysis of the applicable conditions of flexible marshalling transportation organization mode in passenger flow and circuit, and analyzes the important factors which influence train flexible marshalling transportation organization from four aspects of passenger flow, facilities, operation efficiency and passenger service level. At last, some suggestions are put forward for train flexible marshalling transportation organization scheme design.
A Predictive Study on the Development of the Integrated Transportation System in Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone
Authors: Wang Hai Ning , Sun Jian Meng , Zhou Cai Yun
Published: March 2015

Blue Economic Zone in Shandong Peninsula is the most dynamic and fastest-developing area with many advantageous resources and relatively advanced infrastructure in East China Shandong Province. A new pattern of Shandong port development has been preliminarily formed after many years construction, centering Qingdao port between two wings–Yantai port to the northwest and Rizhao port to the southwest, with the Shandong Peninsula ports group serving as the base. This paper presents the planning and development goals of the integrated transportation system in Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone, conducts the prediction analysis on the development of this system and forwards suggestions on its development strategy.
Analysis of European Transport White Papers
Authors: Li Cong , Wang Xian Guang , Sun Xiao Nian
Published: March 2015

As an important document for the description and communication of transport policies, transport white papers have drawn special attention in western countries. This paper studies European transport white papers with the aim to explore their merits for reference. Firstly, the paper reviews the chronological development of European transport white papers to give a holistic view. Then, three European transport white papers that have critical historical meanings are analyzed in details, inspecting their issue background and policy objectives. Moreover, the features of European transport white papers are summarized, which include the concentration on chief problem, thorough action plan and flexible content system. These features deserve learning for other authorities when developing transport white papers.
Research on Residents’ Trip Structure Based on Low Carbon Transport Mode
Authors: Chao Jie , Sun Jing Yi
Published: March 2015

In order to ease the traffic problem, traffic jam, safety and pollution, arisen and been getting serious with urban development, low carbon transport was used generally on building frame of urban traffic. Based on deep research and analyze for the relationship between low carbon transport and the urban, the essay discussed the residents’ trip structure under plans of low carbon transport.Building the indicator system that the influence factors of residents’ trip structure under plans of low carbon transport was the first and key progress. Meanwhile, Analytical Hierarchy Process was used to the importance of each factor. Better frame was built by finished steps. With the frame, probability theory was used by analyzing options for residents’ trip structure option. And low carbon transport demonstration area of Kunming Chenggong was chosen to be the case that offered a real environment to test the model. The test proved that the model can guide the residents’ trip structure, which provided an outline to the department of transportation.
A Research on the Innovative Designing Methods in Modern Architecture
Authors: Zhang Xiao Hui
Published: March 2015

With the continual development of architectural technology, larger and more complex buildings are crying out for innovative designing methods because the traditional designing methods, which are mostly based on the designers’ experience and intuition, can not keep pace with the sustainable development of modern architecture. Therefore, the designer has to adapt himself to the new architectural enviroment by improving his designing methods continuously. So based on his former experience as an architectural designer, the author of this thesis attempts to explore some innovative architectural designing methods in modern times, the basic elements and principles of architectural design, as well as the process of architectural design, hoping to offer some inspirations to future studies of architectural designing methods.
The Design Trend of Jinzhou City Commodity Residential House Door Model
Authors: Wu Feng
Published: March 2015

Family problems closely related to residential design, it is difficult to separate the research independently. But to the current design, people can't distinguish with family, we tried to Derived family problems from the residential design, combining theory with practice, for JinZhou city commodity housing problems on simple introduction and analysis.There is no best family, one category is most suitable for a particular project door model of consumers. The correctness of the model project , market positioning for the commodity residential house is very important. the validity of the planning and guidance of the precondition of good door model should be pretty.
Song Dynasty Garden Art and its Inspiration on the Modern Urban Landscape
Authors: Li Wen , Duan Wei , Shi Qu
Published: March 2015

Chinese garden art originates from Shang and Zhou Dynasties,drives to maturity in Song Dynasty nurtured by the renovation and development of Wei, Jin, Sui, Tang, Northern and Southern Dynasties. Affected by the situation of valuing literary talent above martial arts, Song Dynasty garden art made a great progress in the aspect of thinking, architecture, plants, rockery and layout of waters, the interests and artistic of paintings and poems became the most notable characteristic of gardens built in Song dynasty. Its space principle and aesthetics taste are totally different from the western gardens, which have a lot of features worthy to be learned and used in modern garden and urban designing of China.
Study on Landscape Design of City Square Based on Demand of Psychological Behavior - As a Case of Nanning Minsheng Square
Authors: Xiao Ren Fang , Deng Ruo Xuan , Liang Xi Peng , Liao Yu Hang
Published: March 2015

The study of square landscape based on the demand of psychological behavior select-s Nanning Minsheng square as an object. We investigated the distribution of people who stay in t-he square during the rush hour in a whole day with action observation method, and then gets th-e quantitative data of the distribution of people. According to the analysis of the data obtained th-e psychological demand of people on the landscape space, we put forward to the reforming strateg-y about Minsheng square landscape space design.
Reliability Analysis of Composite Laminate Structures by Moving Kriging Interpolation Response Surface Method
Authors: Zhao Wei , Chen Yang Yang , Yang Qiu Wei , Li Xue Yan
Published: March 2015

A response surface method (RSM) for composite laminate structures is proposed in this paper, which is based on the moving Kriging interpolation. The substitute limit state function for failure criteria is discussed and constructed on series of deterministic finite element analysis. Combined with first order reliability method, reliabilities of composite laminate structures are subsequently obtained. Reliability analysis of a composite laminate plate, as a numerical example, is illustrated by the proposed method. The results demonstrate the practicability of the method.
The Novel Ideas for the Characteristic Landscape of Zhuhai City
Authors: Huang Hu
Published: March 2015

With the rapid development of urban construction, urban landscape design has become an important part of the urban planning and construction. Creating their own unique characteristics of the urban landscape, not only beautify the urban environment and enhance the city's taste, but also has great practical significance on the city's tourism and development. By discussing and analyzing Zhuhai current situation of urban landscape, Our study proposed the orientation and research ideas about Zhuhai characteristic urban landscape design, aimed at providing some reference on shaping the characteristic urban landscape design .
Chinese Green Building Government Incentive Method Research of the Basic Incremental Cost View
Authors: Li Jing Fei , Li Yu Jia , Wang Jie
Published: March 2015

According to the positive externalities and pre-public goods attribute of Chinese Green Building, it is freely to give the benefit to society, the government needs to make a policy to help the Green Building become internalization for decreasing the incremental cost, and improve the development of the Green Building. Basic the analyzing of economics of Green Building properties, and the incremental cost in whole life cycle perspective to give some government policy for reducing the incremental cost. It can provide the preference of the guidance of Green Building for government, and improving the development of Green Building.
Wall Insulation Effect on Building Energy Efficiency with the Intermittent and Compartmental Energy Consuming Method
Authors: Ruan Fang , Qian Xiao Qian , Zhu Yao Tai , Wu Min Li , Qian Kuang Liang , Feng Meng Ping
Published: March 2015

Based on the intermittent and compartmental energy consuming method of residential buildings in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone, a two-dimensional heat transfer model of one household flat is built for a transient study of the wall insulation effect on building energy efficiency. With the mode of compartmental energy consuming, the energy consumption of interior walls accounts for nearly 45% of the total amount, thus insulation for interior walls should be taken into more consideration as well as for exterior walls. With the intermittent energy consuming mode, exterior wall external insulation can decrease air-conditioner heating load. However, when cooling in summer nights, the temperature of wall is higher than both indoor and outdoor. External insulation hinders heat in walls from dissipating to outside, and thus there is an “anti-insulation” effect existing here. Interior insulation can effectively decrease both heating and cooling loads of air-conditioner.
Large-Scale Swine Wastewater Treatment Status and Pollution Control Measures in Lake Poyang Basin
Authors: Wu Yong Ming , Deng Mi , Liu Li Zhen , Zhang Jie , You Hai Lin , Yang Chun Yan
Published: March 2015

Through analyzing statistically the status of large-scale swine wastewater pollution in Poyang Lake basin, we indicated that high concentrations of pollutants such as organic matters, heavy metals, and antibiotics has potential damage to air, waters, and soil environments. Based on the inductive analysis on the these status and an existing process, the feasibility of the technology responding to the wastewater from small-sized, medium-sized, and large-sized swine farm was recommended.
The Effect of Setting Time to the Formation of Aerobic Granular Sludge in SBAR under Low Organic Loading
Authors: Zhao Xia , Xu Hao , Yu Bo , Yang Liu , Li Ling Xiao
Published: March 2015

The setting time was regarded as the selection pressure to make the particles which were unable to get acclimatized to that cultivation circumstance so as to get the aerobic granular sludge which own excellent setting ability with screening and beneficiation. The internal-circulate sequencing batch airlift reactor (SBAR) process was adopted in this experiment to investigate the effect of setting time to the formation of aerobic granular sludge in SBAR under low organic loading. The results showed that aerobic granular sludge with an average particle diameter of 4.0 mm had a good settling ability with spherical or ellipsoidal, smooth and dense on surface, furthermore, the removal rates of NH3-N,TP and CODCr were 96%, 94% and 90% ,respectively. The setting time can be treated as the dominant element for the control of formation and characteristics of aerobic granular sludge to a certain degree in its forming process.
The Effect Study of a Mine Land Reclamation Based on the Method of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Analysis
Authors: Zhang Fei , Hou Kai Hu , Zhu Xu Ying , Cao Li Yin , Pu Yan Ran
Published: March 2015

In recent years, our some rare earths have been mined improperly, causing some problems like environmental damages and the desertification of land in the mines. There is a necessary to restore them ecologically. In this paper, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation analysis was used to select all evaluating indicators implementing the land reclamation in a mine, and then expert judging method was to evaluate them with their comprehensive subordination degrees and their scores. Not only did these scores showed a good performance, but these solutions gave an example to other mines with a fact that this process was proofed feasible and scientific to evaluate the effectiveness of land reclamation.
Research on Strengthening Methods of Traditional Timber Structural Dwellings in Shennongjia Region
Authors: Huang Jia , Wang Shu Pei
Published: March 2015

Chinese traditional timber structure is the most direct embodiment of splendid building culture, it is always known for good structural integrity and good seismic performance. However, due to the influence caused by the timber structure itself and many factors of the outside world, that often make the structure suffering different degree of destruction after using a period of time. In this article, we through the analysis of general form and cause of the destruction, research on strengthening technologies of traditional timber structural dwellings in Shennongjia region, to provide some ideas and thoughts for people who want to renovate and strengthen traditional timber structural dwellings.
Review on High Strength Steel Bolted End-Plate Connections
Authors: Wang Xi Yu , Luo Yong Feng , Qiang Xu Hong , Liu Xiao
Published: March 2015

Past three decades have seen the rapid development of high strength steel (HSS) in its application in structural engineering. However, so far the mechanical performance of a HSS beam-to-column connection has not been systematically studied, especially for bolted end-plate connections, the commonly employed beam-to-column connections in steel structures, which could restrict the application of HSS. Therefore, this paper aims to represent the basic methods, current achievements, recent applications, and the existing problems that lie in the way. In doing so, this paper is composed of three parts, experimental results, numerical analysis as well as component method. At the end, this paper indicates that future investigation should be based upon experimental analysis and proper finite element modeling, to verify a numerical model and to refine design standards.
Review on Shear Connectors in Timber-Concrete Composite Beams
Authors: Chen Li Ping , He Guo Jing , Xiao Hong Zhi
Published: March 2015

The timber-concrete composite (TCC) beam is a new type of structural member, which formed by combing a timber beam and an upper concrete flange using different types of connectors. Compared with the traditional timber beam, the bending and stiffness of the composite beam is proved. In composite structure, the important factor of the structure is the shear connector. So structural efficiency of a TCC highly depends on the stiffness of the interlayer connection. This paper presents a survey on the state-of-the-art of shear connectors for TCC beam research in the past and recent years. And put forward to the subsequent study of shear connectors in TCC beams.
The Longitudinal Seismic Analysis of Single-Story and Single-Span Gabled Frame Structures
Authors: Ran Hong Dong , Chen Le , Ma Yun Mei
Published: March 2015

Four single-story single-span Gabled Frame Structures (GFSs) which included in China national Standard Design Drawing of Light-weight Steel Structure with Gabled Frame (02SG518-1) were studied and their longitudinal seismic performances were evaluated through extensive nonlinear time-history analysis using eight ground motions representing the Frequent Earthquake, DBE and the MCE hazard levels, the load-bearing performances, deformation capacities and the curves of displacement were studied. The analysis results showed that the longitudinal seismic action of all GFSs considered in this study is very little, the displacement at the top of the column can satisfy the demands of the Technical Specificationfor Steel Structure of Light-weight Building with Gabled Frames even in MCE. The GFSs designed followed the Specificaiton have the excellent longitudinal seismic performance.
The Research for Mechanical Properties after Fire of Concrete-Filled Steel Bridge Piers under Axial Loads
Authors: Wang Xin
Published: March 2015

Objective. To analysis of steel concrete piers load - displacement curve of the whole process, to explore steel concrete piers ultimate bearing capacity and deformation effects at different temperatures. Method. Using ABAQUS finite element software for concrete piers steel axial compression nonlinear analysis, analyze the effects of different temperatures on the piers ultimate bearing capacity and deformation capacity utilization of the whole curve obtained. Results. As the temperature increases, the ultimate bearing capacity of concrete steel piers greatly reduced, the yield strength of the material is also decreased, reached the ultimate bearing capacity of the pier when the corresponding displacement is also significantly reduced. Conclusion. The temperature has a significant impact on ultimate bearing capacity and yield strength.
The Unified Calculation Model for Shear Capacity of RC Slabs
Authors: Lu Zheng Gang , Wang Xiu Xin
Published: March 2015

Based on the experimental data of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs subjected to concentrated loads, the influence of breadth span ratio on the failure characteristics and shear capacity is analyzed. It can be concluded that with the increment of breadth span ratio, the failure patterns of RC slabs will gradually convert from beam shear failure to punching shear failure and then punching failure. Furthermore, a formula derived from a range of experimental data for the shear capacity calculation of RC slabs is put forward. Then a comparison between the calculated values and test results is carried out which demonstrates a high degree of consistency. The suggested formula has fairly good practical value in engineering application and provides a beneficial reference to the concrete specification revision in the future.
Degradation Mechanism of Reinforced Concrete Beam Subjected to Fatigue Loads and Seawater Erosion
Authors: Liu Zi Jian , Diao Bo , Zheng Xiao Ning
Published: March 2015

The durability of coastal reinforced concrete bridge structures will be deteriorated during service due to fatigue loads and Chloride erosion. Through the microscopic tests of reinforced concrete beams after fatigue and seawater corrosion, 10 reinforced concrete beams divided into 5 groups subjected to different fatigue loads were investigated under the alternative action of seawater corrosion, where the deterioration of concrete was degraded. From the experiment, it can be concluded that there was significant self-healing phenomenon on the cracked beams by fatigue loading; And there was regular and clear microcracks in the beams when the maximum fatigue load between 0.16~0.24Pu; the cracks of the beams became obvious,micro cracks increased and crystals can be significantly seen in cracks and low lying location when the maximum fatigue load exceeds 0.24Pu.
Experimental Research on Flexural Behavior of Self-Repairing Concrete Beams Applied to Seaport Wharf
Authors: Cheng Xin Yuan , Wen Zhuo Bin , Gao Yi
Published: March 2015

Based on the maintenance requirement of seaport wharf, the glass tubes filled with TY-6638 polyester adhesive or cyanogen gel adhesive were embedded in the self-repairing concrete to make the simply supported beams. Through the third-point bending experiment, the repairing capability and its influencing factors of two kinds of adhesive beams were analyzed from loading capacity and flexibility. The results show the loading capacity of cyanogen gel adhesive beams and polyester adhesive beams can be restored averagely to more than 90.0% after repair,so self-repairing concrete for maintenance of seaport wharf is technically feasible, it deserves to be studied farther.
Advances in Drainage Consolidation Theory of Soft Ground
Authors: Xu Bin Bin
Published: March 2015

The soft ground including the mud, muddy clay, silty clay etc. is widely distributed in the coastal areas of China. Due to the poor permeability and low bearing capacity, ground improvement is usually necessary before construction. Owe to the low cost and high efficiency, the drainage consolidation methods including surcharge preloading and vacuum preloading methods are the most popular method for the improvement of the soft ground. The consolidation theories are introduced according to the time sequence and the emphasis is put on the radial consolidation theories considering the smear effect and the well resistance.
Load Transfer Mechanism of Setp Cross-Section Pipe Pile
Authors: Liu Jie , Cui Bin , Yang Qing Guang , Huang Fuan
Published: March 2015

In order to study the bearing capacity of unimate cross-section pipe pile and setp cross-section pipe pile, a finite difference model of the pile-soil interaction is established by FLAC3D,. The bearing behaviors of the setp cross-section pipe pile and the traditional unimate cross-section pipe pile are studied comparatively, the bearing performance influence factors of setp cross-section pipe pile is discussed. The results show that setp cross-section pipe pile can decreased the settlement relative to unimate cross-section pipe pile.There is an optimum diameter ratio in theory. For a reasonable pipe diameter ratio to setp cross-section pipe pile, on the one hand, it can effectively improve the stress behaviors of pile and reduces the pile settlement.On the other hand, it also can reduce the dosage of pile material and has good economic benefits.Under the action of the determinate pile load, the increase in length can reduce the settlement,but there is an optimal pile length, by increasing pile length to reduce the settlement of piles has little effect when the pile length exceeds the optimal length of pile.
Numerical Simulation and Design Optimization of Anchor Bolt-Sash Girder Support for Expansive Soil Cutting Slope
Authors: Zhang Hong , Sheng Guo Jun , Wu Wen Qing
Published: March 2015

The reinforcement of expansive soil cutting slope has been a difficulty for the construction industry. This study selected Wanyi Expressway as the construction background and used finite difference method for the numerical simulation and design optimization of expansive soil cutting slope reinforced by sash girder anchor bolts. Calculation results show that the cutting slope ratio is closely related to the stability of the expansive soil cutting slope and that the length, set angle, and vertical spacing of the anchor bolts significantly influence the deformation of the cutting slope. The original design plan was optimized according to the calculation results, and a positive effect in plan execution was achieved. This study may serve as a reference for other similar construction designs.
Durability Design of Marine Concrete Structure Considering the Influence of Load
Authors: Xiong Jian Bo , Deng Chun Lin
Published: March 2015

In this paper, based on accelerated testing indoors, under the action of bending tensile stress on a marine high-performance concrete chloride ion diffusion coefficient, the results show that: Subjected to bend under the action of tensile stress and do not withstand the test piece chloride diffusion coefficient increases with increasing stress levels, different tensile stress and does not bear the stress of the concrete chloride ion diffusion coefficient ratio (Dη/D0) exponential relationship with the stress level (η). In addition, addition, for a domestic Bridge, preliminary design to determine typical parameters of components and their environment is proposed to consider the durability of concrete structure load control index calculation method, to establish a "design life - chloride ion diffusion coefficient controlled targets" the correspondence between, for similar projects designed to provide a reference durability.
The Creep Behaviour of Salt Rock Gas Cave under Cyclic Mining and Injection Pressure
Authors: Huang Zhi Quan , Zhao Yang , Wang An Ming
Published: March 2015

In order to study the long-term deformation behaviour of salt rock gas storage at cyclic load, numerical method is adopted to simulate the salt mine at Hubei Yunying under the cyclic mining and injection pressure with maximum inter pressure of 20 MPa and minimum one of 2 MPa in ten years. As can be seen from the long-term simulation results, not only has the utilization of gas storage been reduced and has the wall rock of salt rock under cyclic loads continued to deteriorate. The test results provide both the basis for the safe and stable operation of the salt cave and a reference for the salt cave design of same type.
The Microcomputer of Soil Shear Strength Measurement
Authors: Xu Yi Wei , Li Qing , Hu Peng , Shentu Nan Ying , Peng Quan Yuan
Published: March 2015

Soil shear strength is an important physical performance of rock and soil, so the soil shear strength measurements play an important role in monitoring and prevention for landslide hazard point. In order to achieve on-site monitoring of landslide hazard points, this article presents a device for field measurement on soil shear strength. This device consists of cross board, torque sensor, stepper motor, single-chip ,with microcontroller hardware circuit to measure the soil shear strength.
Effects of Silica Fume on Concrete Compressive Strength
Authors: Li Hua Xi
Published: March 2015

The effects of silica fume (SF) on compressive strength of concrete have been analyzed. The compressive strength results of concrete mixed over different water–binder ratios as well as different replacing percentages of SF were analyzed. The results of the experiments showed that when the polymer/binder materials ratio increases, the compressive strength of concrete decreases. A mathematical model has been proposed for evaluating the strength of concrete containing SF. The proposed model provides a probability to analyze compressive strength based on the time of curing in water (t), water to binder materials ratios and SF to binder materials ratios which are shown as (w/b) and (s). This model might serve as a useful guide for increasing concrete compressive strength.
Calculation and Analysis for Limit Bearing Capacity of Steel Tube Reinforced Short Column Piers by Limit Equilibrium Method
Authors: Liu Jin Sheng , Qiu Bo , Qian Yong Jiu
Published: March 2015

The existed concrete column reinforced by external steel tube is a common reinforcement technique and widely used in engineering. However, the computational theory on bearing capacity of the reinforced structure is insufficient at present. In the condition that the existed column concrete before completely unloading is reinforced or the initial stress level is low, the mechanics characteristics of reinforced components were analyzed based on the limit equilibrium method, and then the computational equations of the bearing capacity subjected to axial loading after the short column pier reinforced structure had been deduced. Comparing the calculation results with the correspondent experimental data shows that the deduced equation can provide reasonable results for predicting the axial bearing capacity, which provides a support for the computation of the bearing capacity for the reinforcement pier in practice.
Evaluation on Dynamic Responses of Transmission Lines Subjected to Wind Excitations
Authors: Li Peng Yun , Chen Bo , Xie Wen Ping , Liu Hao
Published: March 2015

The evaluation on dynamic responses of transmission lines subjected to wind excitations is actively carried out in this study. A transmission tower-line system constructed in the southern coastal areas of China is taken as example to examine the wind induced response of the transmission lines. The structural model is established based on finite element approach by using commercial package. The displacement, velocity and acceleration responses of the transmission lines are computed to explore structural performance. The made observations indicate that the transmission lines vibrant substantially when subjected to strong winds. It is obvious that the dynamic responses of the ground wire are smaller than those of the wire and the responses in the long span are much larger than those in the short span.
Detection and Evaluation of Ling Bridge in Ningbo
Authors: Zhang Bo Shan , Xu Jun
Published: March 2015

Ling Bridge in Ningbo, a province-protected historic relic in Zhejiang, is the only three-hinged steel arch bridge existing in China as well as the first modern steel arch bridge co-constructed by Chinese engineers and foreign engineers in 1936. For over 70 years the bridge has served as an important transportation node on urban trunk road, bearing significant traffic pressure. It is necessary to have its status quo detected and its safe use evaluated to sustain normal operation of the bridge. The status assessment of the bridge is conducted in the following aspects: first, visual inspection was applied to check types of existing diseases and to estimate their threat degrees to the bridge; then, spatial linear examination was applied to detect structural deformation and to calculate whether there exists a instability hazard; finally, strength and fatigue calculation was made to determine safety degree of the bridge structure.
Numerical Simulation of Mechanical Behavior in Pier Formwork Problem
Authors: Li Hai , Shang Wen Guo , Liu Dan Na , Wang Wei , Hou Xin Yu
Published: March 2015

The Sujia Road Bridge is under the construction,in order to ensure the construction will not have template problems,numerical simulation is needed.Analyze the internal force and deformation of the bridge pier template with the ABAQUS,and the results show that the internal force of the template is much less than yield stress.Therefore, the structure of the template can be optimized.
Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Including Effect of Vertical Motion
Authors: Lin Hao , Song Yu
Published: March 2015

In recent research of seismic engineering, the damage of bridge due to vertical motion aroused wide concern. Field evidence, experimental results and numerical simulation analysis suggested that vertical ground motion can significantly impact the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge. In this paper, firstly, a FEM model of a continuous rigid frame bridge in China was established . Then the bridge was analyzed using time-history analysis under strong earthquake . Internal force excluding and including vertical motion are compared.Then, the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) and fiber model are used to calculated the vertical displacement of the node in the top of pier and the sectional curvature of pier. Computational results show that vertical ground motion can increase the internal force and displacement ,as well as reduce the ductility and moment capacity of piers. It is concluded that vertical motion can't be ignored in structure design.
Seismic Response Analysis of Liaocheng Guangyue Tower
Authors: Meng Zhao Bo , Qiao Guan Dong , Jin Jie
Published: March 2015

This paper establishes three models using ANSYS, which were timber structure of Guangyue Tower, timber structure-tower base and timber structure-tower base-foundation. The first 3 natural frequencies of timber structure respectively were 0.8524Hz、1.1273 Hz and 1.7426 Hz through modal analysis, which were compared with calculations from code. Lanzhou Wave was chosen to analyze the seismic response of Guangyue Tower, and the amplitudes were adjusted to 55gal and 310gal respectively according to the frequent earthquake and rare earthquake, which were inputted to the above models. As can be seen from the calculations, the maximum displacements of the three models were in the top nodes, and tower base had a greater impact on vibration of timber structure, which could not be ignored in seismic response analysis; considering soil-structure interaction in seismic response analysis could better reflect the actual situation of Guangyue Tower.
Study on the Seismic Performance of the Tibetan Diaolou in Golog of Qinghai
Authors: Zhang Meng Jie , Shi Yan An , Liu Lian Xin , Guo Hong
Published: March 2015

Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is located in the hinterland of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, located in the southeast of Qinghai Province. And the unique geographical, climatic and economic conditions created a unique local houses - Tibetan Diaolou. Tibetan houses in Golog most used local materials and were made of stone, wood, soil, grass, rattan and other natural materials. The Tibetan Diaolou are assembled by flagstone to form a load-bearing structure of stone walls and wooden. The towers mainly distribute in Yaertang Xiang and Dengta Township which are located in the coastal of Make River. Through field investigation of two rural villages, this article has a deep understanding of the structure performance of Tibetan Diaolou. This paper analyzes its structural problems of safety and seismic performance, trying to improve the seismic performance of Tibetan Diaolou.
Study on Effect of Blasting Vibration on Surface of Particles in Urban Hard Rock Tunnel
Authors: Han Yong Ming , Zhou Yi , Wang Hai Liang
Published: March 2015

Put the first Phase Project of Qingdao Metro (line 3) civil 03 bid section TAI-YAN interval of blasting construction as the background In this paper,select the test section to blasting test,in groundposition on the ais of the tunnel workface arrange the measuring points and location of measuring points remain the same.Based on the measured data, studied on the law of blasting vibration of cutting parts of each of the driving cycle.The research result show that the cutting part of vibration velocity peak appeared in behind the tunnel woekface 1~3m;Rear vibration composite speed of the tunnel workface is speed of the tunnel workface is 1.0~1.4 times in front of the particle vibration composite speed;The main vibration frequency in front of tunnel workface and rear particles are above 15HZ.
Abundance and stability of populations of a chewing louse,Mulcticola macrocephalus(Phthiraptera: Philopteridae), on common nighthawks,Chordeiles minor(Caprimulgiformes: Caprimulgidae) in Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Galloway Terry D. , Lamb Robert J.
Published: March 2015

Populations of the chewing louse,Mulcticola macrocephalus(Kellogg) (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae), were investigated on its host the common nighthawk,Chordeiles minor(Forster) (Aves: Caprimulgiformes: Caprimulgidae), from 1992 to 2013 in southern Manitoba, Canada. The louse was present in all but one year with an annual prevalence of 0.52, mean intensity of 16 lice per infested bird, a ratio of 0.81 males and 1.89 nymphs to female (n=178). Intensity was the same in the first 11 and last nine years of the study, but prevalence dropped from 0.59 to 0.34 between the two decades. Population variability for annual abundance, measured as PV, was 0.49. In August, adults and newly fledged nighthawks had a prevalence of infestation similar to the adults that immigrated in the spring, but mean intensity did not reach spring levels until September–October. Samples of hosts were small in some years, reducing the precision of parameter estimates, particularly those based on ratios. The population parameters forM. macrocephaluson a native migrant host were intermediate in the ranges of parameters for four species of lice on non-migratory, introduced feral pigeons,Columba liviaGmelin (Aves: Columbiformes: Columbidae), but the distributions ofM.macrocephalusamong nighthawks was less severely aggregated than those from pigeons.
Disclosure of HIV status to sexual partners by people living with HIV
Authors: Tshweneagae Gloria T. , Oss Victoria M. , Mgutshini Tennyson
Published: March 2015

Background: Disclosure of one’s HIV status to a sexual partner can have significant health implications. From a health promotion point of view, disclosure is seen as a cornerstone for the prevention of HIV transmission between partners. Despite its importance as a strategy for controlling the spread of HIV, there are challenges that inhibit voluntary disclosure.Objectives: In exploring factors associated with disclosure of HIV status, the study had two complementary objectives related to: (1) investigation of participants’ views about HIV-positive status disclosure to sexual partners; and (2) a broader identification of factors that influence disclosure of HIV-positive status.Method: The study explored factors associated with disclosure of the HIV status of people living with HIV to their sexual partners. Purposive sampling was used to select 13 participants living with HIV who attended a wellness clinic. Primary data were collected via an in-depth interview with each of the participants.Results: The exploration showed that male participants were notably more reluctant to disclose to their sexual partners for fear of rejection; and secrecy was commonly reported around sexual matters. Female participants (who were in the majority) were relatively more willing to disclose their HIV status to their sexual partners. Despite the complexity of disclosure, all participants understood the importance of disclosure to their sexual partners.Conclusion: There is a need for HIV prevention strategies to focus on men in particular, so as to strengthen disclosure counselling services provided to people living with HIV and to advocate strongly for partner testing.
“Reverse McConnell's Sign”: Interpreting Interventricular Hemodynamic Dependency and Guiding the Management of Acute Heart Failure during Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Liu Kan , Sun Zhongxia , Wei Tiemin
Published: March 2015

Although most patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) have benign clinical course and prognosis, TTC can induce acute heart failure and hemodynamic instability. TTC mimics the clinical features of acute anterior wall myocardial infarction (AMI). Bedside clinicians often have a diagnostic dilemma when cardiac catheterization and angiography are either contraindicated or can cause potential adverse consequences. Misdiagnosing TTC as AMI will lead to initiation of harmful pharmacological or device-based treatment, which worsens hemodynamic compromise. Therefore, understanding and interpreting the unique pathophysiological and hemodynamic features of TTC in a better manner becomes crucial to guide effective clinical management of acute heart failure/cardiogenic shock during TTC. We review recent advances in echocardiographic diagnosis of TTC and its role in guiding bedside management of acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock, with specific focus on the interpretation of discrepant, but reciprocally dependent, left and right ventricular hemodynamics during acute stages of TTC.
Ezekiel
Authors: Cooke G.A.
Published: March 2015

G.A. Cooke's 1936 text offers an in-depth and useful discourse on the Book of Ezekiel, with a commentary that easily rivals modern-day studies. Abundant notes on the Hebrew assist readers not familiar with its complexities, and light is shed on some of the textual problems and challenges to be found in Ezekiel.
Genetic admixture analysis in Prestice Black-Pied pigs
Authors: Vrtková I.
Published: March 2015

Abstract. The Prestice Black-Pied pig (PC) is a genetic resource of the Czech Republic. Information about boar variability has been provided in preceding papers. The objective of this work was to compare genetic variability of boars and sows. A total of 21 microsatellite markers were used to study genetic diversity and population structure of 149 PC breeding animals. In this paper, current parameters of assessments of diversity in PC are listed. All loci were polymorphic, and a total of 167 alleles were observed across the studied loci. The range of alleles was found to be 4 to 15 with a mean of 7.95. Overall allele frequency ranged from 0.07 to 0.25. The calculated observed and expected heterozygosity values were 0.70 and 0.73, respectively. The polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.69 and the overall within-population inbreeding estimate (FIS) was 0.04. Genetic differentiation and population subdivision were tested. The level of admixture of breeds used for improvement of the PC breed was evaluated (Landrace, Large White and Pietrain). Five percent of analysed PC breeding boars had more than 20% admixture of other monitored breeds. The obtained results are important for the future sustainability of this local breed.
Aerosol physicochemical properties and implications for visibility during an intense haze episode during winter in Beijing
Authors: Wang Y. H. , Liu Z. R. , Zhang J. K. , Hu B. , Ji D. S. , Yu Y. C. , Wang Y. S.
Published: March 2015

Abstract. The evolution of physical, chemical and optical properties of urban aerosol particles was characterized during an extreme haze episode in Beijing, PRC, from 24 through 31 January 2013 based on in situ measurements. The average mass concentrations of PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 were 99 ± 67 μg m−3 (average ± SD), 188 ± 128 μg m−3 and 265 ± 157 μg m−3, respectively. A significant increase in PM1-2.5 fraction was observed during the most heavily polluted period. The average scattering coefficient at 550 nm was 877 ± 624 Mm−1. An increasing relative amount of coarse particles can be deduced from the variations of backscattering ratios, asymmetry parameter and scattering Ångström exponent. Particle number-size distributions between 14 and 2500 nm diameter showed high number concentrations, particularly in the nucleation mode and accumulation mode. Size-resolved chemical composition of submicron aerosol from a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer showed that the mass concentrations of organic, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium and chlorine mainly resided on particles between 500 and 800 nm (vacuum diameter), and nitrate and ammonium contributed greatly to particle growth during the heavily polluted day (28 January). Increasing relative humidity and stable synoptic conditions on 28 January combined with heavy pollution on 28 January, leading to enhanced water uptake by the hygroscopic submicron particles and formation of secondary aerosol, which might be the main reasons for the severity of the haze episode. Light-scattering apportionment showed that organic, sulfate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride compounds contributed to light-scattering fractions of 54, 24, 12 and 10%, respectively. This study indicated that the organic component in submicron aerosol played an important role in visibility degradation during the haze episode in Beijing.
The influence of clouds on radical concentrations: observations and modelling studies of HOx during the Hill Cap Cloud Thuringia (HCCT) campaign in 2010
Authors: Whalley L. K. , Stone D. , George I. J. , Mertes S. , van Pinxteren D. , Tilgner A. , Herrmann H. , Evans M. J. , Heard D. E.
Published: March 2015

Abstract. The potential for chemistry occurring in cloud droplets to impact atmospheric composition has been known for some time. However, the lack of direct observations and uncertainty in the magnitude of these reactions led to this area being overlooked in most chemistry transport models. Here we present observations from Mt Schmücke, Germany, of the HO2 radical made alongside a suite of cloud measurements. HO2 concentrations were depleted in-cloud by up to 90% with the rate of heterogeneous loss of HO2 to clouds necessary to bring model and measurements into agreement, demonstrating a dependence on droplet surface area and pH. This provides the first observationally derived assessment for the uptake coefficient of HO2 to cloud droplets and was found to be in good agreement with theoretically derived parameterisations. Global model simulations, including this cloud uptake, showed impacts on the oxidising capacity of the troposphere that depended critically on whether the HO2 uptake leads to production of H2O2 or H2O.