bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Anti-Thyroglobulin, Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase Autoantibodies and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone in Autoimmune Thyroiditis Patients
Authors: Sahib Noor Al-Huda Fadhil , Mohammed Kareem Ghali
Published: December 2024

Background: Thyroiditis is a broad term used to describe a range of clinical illnesses characterized by inflammation and damage to cells in the thyroid gland. These abnormalities may arise from several causes, such as radiation exposure, microbial infection, or association with autoimmune thyroid illnesses, such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD). Aim of the study:  This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluation of anti-thyroid antibodies (anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) thyroiditis patients. The study involved a 100 patients afflicted with Thyroid dysfunction can be detected through a physical examination and certain tests. Method and results: The concentrations of thyroid hormones (thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3)) and TSH were measured to determine the patients who have hypothyroidism or have hyperthyroidism. Then the patients determined which of them had autoimmune thyroid disease by the detection of thyroid autoantibodies (anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies). The tests were separated into two groups (Graves and Hashimoto). Mean levels of serum TSH are 19.79 ± 2.62 and 0.39±0.11, in patients with HT and patients with GD respectively; The levels of HT patients are much greater compared to GD patients, with a very significant difference (P < 0.001). The present results show the mean level of anti-TPO Abs in patients with HT is non-significant difference than the mean of anti-TPO Abs level in patients with GD, 745.74 ± 82.02 versus 841.07 ± 92.01 respectively, (P= 0.440). Also, the mean level of anti-TG Abs is higher in patients with HT in comparison with patients with GD and the difference is non-significant, (P= 0.929).The mean age of patients diagnosed with HT is 41.49 ± 10.57 years, with a range of 15 to 65 years. On the other hand, the mean age of patients diagnosed with GD is 42.35 ± 11.64 years, with a range of 21 to 70 years. Indeed, there is no significant difference in mean age between patients groups (P= 0.698). Sex, in overall, 19 (19.0%) males and 81 (81.0%) females are included. patients with HT included 13 (23.6%) cases are males and 42 (76.4%) cases are females, while patients with GD, 6 (13.3%) cases are males and 39 (86.7%) cases are females, there is no significant variation in the frequency distribution of both groups of patients based on sex (P = 0.191).  BMI, the present results show the mean of BMI is higher in patients with HT (30.01 ± 7.08) in comparison that of patients with GD (27.24±4.83) (P=0.034). Conclusion: The serum TSH, anti-TPO and anti-TG Abs levels can serve as an important predictive biomarker in AITDs diagnosis.
Algebraic Results on Soft Normed Quasilinear Spaces
Authors: Bulak Fatma , Bozkurt Hacer
Published: December 2024

As novel notions of soft normed quasilinear spaces, we define soft quasilinear dependence, soft quasilinear independence and soft quasi basis. One of the greatest obstacles to the improvement of soft normed quasilinear spaces is the presence of these properties. In this study, we will present the definitions of these significant concepts and give some illustrative examples. Additionally, we demonstrate that the proposed definitions agree with counterparts of similar results in soft linear spaces. Finally, in some soft normed quasilinear spaces, we have studied their singular and regular dimensions just as in quasilinear spaces.
On Bivariate Complex Schurer-type Stancu Operators
Authors: Mutlu Nesibe Manav
Published: December 2024

The study focuses on the approximation features of the bivariate generalization of the complex Schurer form of Stancu-type operators. We have obtained a Voronovskaja type solution that provides quantitative estimates for bivariate complex operators coupled to analytic functions. Furthermore, the exact order of approximation is provided.
Elazığ ve Diyarbakır Yöresi Koyun Ayak Hastalıklarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Günay Cihan , Okay Hasip , Polat Eren , Sağlıyan Aydın , Karakoç Ömer Faruk
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma ile Elazığ ve Diyarbakır yörelerindeki koyunculuk işletmelerinde 2018 yılı içerisindeki mera öncesi ve mera sonrası dönemde karşılaşılan ayak hastalıklarının görülme sıklıklarının araştırılması amaçlandı. Farklı yaş, ırk ve cinsiyetlerdeki 10000 koyun/koç üzerinde yapılan incelemelerde hayvanların %5.3’ünde ayak lezyonlarına rastlandığı belirlendi. Piyetenin hem mera öncesi (%38) hem mera sonrası (%46.43) dönemlerde en sık rastlanılan ayak lezyonu olduğu tespit edildi. Mera öncesi dönemde ayak lezyonlarına çoğunlukla ön ayaklarda (%64) rastlanırken, mera sonrası dönemde arka ayaklarda (%60.71) rastlandı. Çalışma boyunca değerlendirilen erkek hayvanların sayılarının az olması ve herhangi tırnak hastalığına rastlanmaması dolayısıyla cinsiyete bağlı bir değerlendirme yapılmadı. Sonuç olarak bakım ve besleme şartlarındaki yetersizlikler gibi yetiştirici kaynaklı olumsuzluklar ile çevresel şartların etkisinin ayak lezyonlarının oluşmasında oldukça etkili olduğu kanısına varıldı.
Investigation of Protective and Therapeutic Efficacy of Lactoferrin on Neonatal Calf Diarrhea
Authors: Işık Nurettin , Kaya Abdullah , İçen Hasan
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of rotavirus, coronavirus, Cryptosporidium, E. coli F5 (K99), Cl. perfringens and Salmonella spp. and clinical, haematological and biochemical changes in calves with neonatal diarrhoea and the efficacy of lactoferrin supplementation in standard treatment in Van and Diyarbakır provinces. The calves with diarrhea were investigated by immunochromatographic test kit and conventional bacteriological methods. Rotavirus was detected in 51%, Cryptosporidium in 35%, Cl. perfringens in 23%, coronavirus in 16%, E. coli F5 (K99) in 4%, Salmonella spp. in 2% of the calves with diarrhea. Giardia spp. was not detected in any calf, while 65% of the calves had a single agent, 33% had more than one agent. In vitro bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects of lactoferrin on E. coli O157, E. coli F5 and Salmonella enteriditis were investigated. Lactoferrin was found to be effective on bacteria at concentrations of 100 mg/ml and higher, decreased the mortality rate and showed a positive effect on clinical parameters. It was concluded that lactoferrin can be used for preventive and therapeutic purposes at doses of 100 mg/ml and higher and will be more effective in treatment.
RESULTS REGARDING THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME APPLE CULTIVARS TO DISEASES AND PESTS IN SUSTAINABLE CULTURE
Authors: Stefan Untaru Roxana Ionela , Botu Mihai , Untaru Aurelian Valentin , Mares Eugenia
Published: December 2024

This work present the behaviour to diseases and pests of 12 apple cultivars with different origin (‘Aura’, ‘Rumina’, ‘Jonaprim’, ‘Rustic’, ‘Rebra’, ‘Redix’, ‘Orion’, ‘Luna’, ‘Rubinola’, ‘Topaz’, ‘Goldrush’ and ‘Crimson Crisp’), located in a field trial of RIFG Pitești, Romania, managed in ecological system. In 2023 observations regarding the behaviour of these cultivars at the fire blight and the codling moth were made. In order to prevent bacterial infections, in the ecological variants the product Blossom Protect (2 applications during the flowering period) was used. Observations regarding the attack caused by Erwinia amylovora, were made on short fruit formations (100 leaves) and on shoots (50). The results were expressed as a percentage as a frequency of the attack. Of the 12 cultivars studied, the ‘Topaz’ cv. proved to be the most sensitive, the frequency of attack in the lot treated with Blossom Protect being 8.25% on short fruiting shoots and 0.08% on shoots, much smaller compared to the group standard (F=20.55% on short fruiting formations, 0.24% on shoots). For the monitoring of the pest Cydia pomonella, AtraPom pheromone traps were used. In the first generation, the frequency of the attack was between 0.0-0.4% depending on the cultivar, compared to the untreated variant where the frequency was 20.2%. In the second generation the frequency of the attack was between 0.0-0.5% compared to the untreated variant where the frequency was 33%.
OSMANLI DÖNEMİNDEN GÜNÜMÜZE SERMAYE PİYASALARI ÖZELİNDE ARACILIK FAALİYETLERİNİN TARİHSEL GELİŞİMLERİ ÜZERİNE DÜŞÜNCELER
Authors: Günay Ece Deniz , Günay Gözde Engin
Published: December 2024

Ekonomik büyüme ve kalkınma ekseninde sermaye piyasaları ve borsaların gelişim süreçlerini incelemek bugünkü kurumların özünü anlayabilmek bakımından önemlidir. Temelleri Osmanlı Devleti döneminde atılan sermaye piyasasının ve borsanın finansal etkisini kavrayabilmek için gelişen sermaye piyasası kurumlarından aracı kurumların, tarihte ortaya çıkış biçim ve süreçlerinin incelenmesi gerekir. Çalışma, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’ndan günümüze sermaye piyasalarının durumunu ve borsacılık faaliyetlerinin oluşumunu; İmparatorluktaki savaşlar, yapılan reformlar ve Osmanlı mali sisteminin yapısı ekseninde ele almaktadır. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda bankerler aracılığıyla yapılan ve finansal sisteme önemli yansımaları olan menkul kıymetlerin alım-satım işlemlerinin günümüzdeki aracılık faaliyetlerinin esası olarak değerlendirilebileceği tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmamızda, bugünkü aracılık faaliyetlerinin değişim ve gelişimlerinin kavranması amacıyla, bunlara katkısı olan Osmanlı ekonomik sistemi tarihsel olarak irdelenmektedir. Cumhuriyet döneminden günümüze mevzuat çalışmaları ve mali krizler incelenerek, aracılık faaliyetlerinin sermaye piyasalarındaki rolü ve piyasaların denetlenmesi, sermaye piyasasının önemli bir ilkesi olan kamuyu aydınlatma ilkesi ışığında aktarılmaktadır.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Investigation of Antimicrobial Properties of Salt and Metal Complexes of 2,6-Pyridinedicarboxylic Acid and 2-Amino-4,6-dimethylpyridine
Authors: Yurt Elif , İlkimen Halil , Yılmaz Beyza , Polat Ayşe , Gülbandılar Aysel
Published: December 2024

A new salt (3) of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (1) and 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyridine (2) and the metal complexes of the salt {(H2)x[M(1)2].nH2O, M = Fe (III), x = 1, n = 3 (4); M = Co(II), x = 2, n = 4 (5); M = Ni(II), x = 2, n = 5 (6); M = Cu(II), x = 2, n = 4 (7)} were synthesized. The structures of the compounds were suggested by AAS, IR, UV, magnetic susceptibility and molar conductivity methods. As a result of spectroscopic analysis, it was observed that all metal complexes had an ionic and octahedral structure. All substances were susceptible to Candida albicans (ATCC 14053) (yeast), Pseudomonas. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Staphylococcus aureus (NRRL-B 767), Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC 7644), Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) bacteria were examined. Antimicrobial activity results were compared with Fluconazole, Ketoconazole, Chloramphenicol, Levofloxacin, Vancomycin and Cefepime. In the activity results, the best values were observed 3 in B. subtilis bacteria, 6 and 7 in S. aureus bacteria, 5 7 in P. aeruginoa bacteria, all compounds in L. monocytogenes bacteria, all compounds (except 4) in E. coli bacteria, 2 in E. faecalis bacteria and 4 in C. albicans yeast.
Eksozomların IVF’deki Kullanımları
Authors: Lekesiz Rabia Tuana , Körükcü Hilal , Ihlamur Murat
Published: December 2024

Günümüzde, kısırlık vb. üreme sistemi kaynaklı çeşitli fonksiyonel bozuklukların tedavisi in vitro fertilizasyon (IVF) ile mümkün olsa da başarı düzeyleri henüz istenilen orana ulaşamamıştır. Hücre tipi farketmeksizin hemen hemen her hücre tarafından salgılanabilen ekstrasellüler vezikül ailesinin en küçük üyesi olan eksozomlar her ne kadar maliyet, karakterizasyon ve izolasyon gibi sorunları barındırsa da IVF’te kullanılan geleneksel yöntemlere kıyasla; hem düşük invazyonla izolasyonunun gerçekleştirilebilmesi hem de zengin biyoaktif molekül içeriğiyle endometriyum-embriyo etkileşiminin yanı sıra embriyonel gelişimi de modüle edebilmektedir. Eksozomlar sağlık alanındaki birçok çalışmanın yanı sıra reprodüktif çalışmalarda da son yıllarda ilgi görmektedir. Yumurta, sperm, blastosit ve endometriyumdan salgılanan eksozomlar IVF’nin kalitesini etkilemektedir. Bu doku ve hücrelerle yapılan çalışmalarda eksozomların yardımcı üreme tekniklerinde diagnostik ve terapötik olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Hidrotalsit/PVC/kitosan kompozit filmlerden havaya plastikleştirici difüzyonu üzerinde hidrotalsitin yüzey modifikasyonunun etkisi
Authors: Şanli Emine , Tüzüm Demir Ayşe Pınar
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, polivinil klorür (PVC) filmlerden plastikleştirici migrasyonunun azaltılması için dolgu maddesinin yüzey modifikasyonunun etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu nedenle inorganik dolgunun yüzeyi çapraz bağlı kitosan ile kaplanmıştır. İnorganik dolgu maddesinin (hidrotalsit), dolgu maddesinin kitosan ile modifikasyonunun, çapraz bağlama ve çapraz bağlayıcı tipinin filmlerin plastikleştirici difüzyonuna etkisi incelenmiştir. Öncelikle kitosan glutaraldehit (GA) ve 1-(3-dimetilaminopropil)-3-etil-karbodimid (EDC) ile çapraz bağlandı, daha sonra dolgu modifikasyonu için dolgunun yüzeyine kaplandı. Daha sonra yöntemde belirtilen formülasyonlardan plastisol macunları hazırlandı. İçinde hava kabarcıkları uzaklaştırılmış az miktarda plastisol alınarak cam yüzeye 150μm kalınlığında filmler çizildi, bu filmler fırında jelleştirildi ve plastijel filmler elde edildi. Bu filmler termal yaşlanmaya tabi tutuldu. Bu çalışmalar belirli sıcaklık ve sürelerdeki fırında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Plastikleştiricinin difüzyonu ve oksidasyonu FT-IR spektroskopisi ile analiz edildi. Plastikleştiricilerin migrasyonu için difüzyon katsayısı ve aktivasyon enerjileri kütle kaybı ile hesaplandı. Sonuçlar, PVC'ye inorganik dolgu maddesi eklenmesinin, dolgu maddesinin kitosan ile değiştirilmesinin ve dolgu maddesinin çapraz bağlanmasının genel olarak yayılmayı azalttığını göstermektedir.
CLASSIFICATION WITH MACHINE LEARNING METHODS FROM MULTI-SEQUENCE MR IMAGES OF CHILDHOOD POSTERIOR FOSSA TUMORS
Authors: Demiröz Nuray , İçer Semra , Karaman Zehra Filiz
Published: December 2024

Childhood brain tumors rank high among the leading causes of mortality, being the second most common type of cancer after leukemia. Abnormal structures in the brain are visualized using MRI techniques, which are the most commonly employed tools for distinguishing the neural structure of the human brain. However, identifying and diagnosing these abnormal structures can be a time-consuming and critical process. In this study, tumors in the Magnetic Resonance images of patients with Posterior Fossa tumors were segmented using two different image segmentation methods. Subsequently, numerical features were extracted from these tumors, and significant numerical features among tumor groups were determined using the Student's T-test; based on these features, tumor types were classified using machine learning algorithms. The study focused on the three most common types of Posterior Fossa tumors: Medulloblastoma, Ependymoma, and Pilocytic Astrocytoma, utilizing T2, Contrast-Enhanced T1, and ADC sequences. A total of forty-eight different numerical features were extracted from the segmented tumors and then acquired significant features were classified using five different machine learning algorithms. Among PA-MB, EM-MB and EM-PA tumor types, the average result of the most successful method in the T1 sequence was 86.93%, while it was 93.7% for the T2 sequence and 92.06% for the ADC sequence. Decision tree, SVM and Ensemble classifiers gave more successful results than others. As a result of the detailed examination, our study not only makes valuable contributions to the literature, but also has a promising structure in terms of its potential to help clinicians.
Quantum Radar: Theory, Limits, and Practical Applications
Authors: Karakoç Murat Can , Kıraç Abdurrahman Can , Ersoy Özgün , Şahin Asaf Behzat
Published: December 2024

This paper provides a detailed exploration of quantum radar technology, focusing on the generation, measurement, and theoretical analysis of quantum-correlated signals in both optical and microwave domains. We examine the mechanisms behind producing entangled signals and their application to improve radar sensitivity and accuracy in noisy environments. A review of key studies is presented, with emphasis on their experimental setups and the limitations that define the potential of quantum radar. By aggregating data on object detection range and analyzing global research trends through visualizations, including a bar chart and a world map, we illustrate the growing interest and research efforts in this domain. Our findings highlight the significant advancements and remaining challenges in developing practical quantum radar systems, as well as the worldwide collaboration driving progress in this cutting-edge field.
Racking Analysis through Rasch Modeling to Measure Critical Thinking Disposition in Education for Sustainable Development Learning In Elementary Schools
Authors:   Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Hamdu Ghullam , Hadiana Deni ,   Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Yulianto Ade ,   Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Nur Lutfi ,   Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Mulyadiprana Ahmad ,   Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Published: December 2024

Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) aims to ensure that every student acquires the knowledge and skills needed for sustainable development and sustainable lifestyles. Another important aspect of ESD is the integration of cognitive and affective components, which are dominant in broadening students' understanding. The ability to be critically disposed is necessary to underpin students' perspectives on sustainable development. This study aims to develop and measure students' critical thinking disposition in ESD-oriented learning. The method used is a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The collected data on the critical thinking disposition of elementary school students will be processed through Rasch modeling using racking analysis techniques. The results of the study show that the critical thinking disposition instrument filled out by students experienced a significant 80% change in difficulty level, indicating an improvement in students' critical thinking disposition. This implies that students are enabled to contribute and participate in the process of sustainable development in various types and dimensions, with transformative and reflective processes that strive to integrate sustainability values and perceptions not only into the education system but also into students' daily lives.
Partnership Strategy in Renewable Energy Developm ENT Based On Community Empowerment (Case Study in IBEKA)
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Marpaung Astina Hotnauli , Sinambela Lasria ,   Universitas MPU Tantular, Indonesia, Hendrarini Dian ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

This research examines partnership strategies in community empowerment-based renewable energy development using qualitative research methods through a case study approach. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews with key informants as primary data sources. Interviews were conducted by selecting informants who were considered the most knowledgeable on the research topic using purposive sampling. The Pro-Poor Public Private Partnership (P4) model is applied to integrate resources from various parties to fund renewable energy projects. The results show that the partnership strategy used by IBEKA is the Pro-Poor Public Private Partnership (P4) model applied to integrate resources from various parties to fund renewable energy projects such as the Energy Patriot Program in Partnership with the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR), private companies and local communities. Although there were challenges in implementation, such as limited funds and community resistance, the participatory and educative approach was able to overcome these obstacles.
The Female Experience in the Mayor of Casterbridge: A Feminist Critical Analysis
Authors:   Ministry of Education, Minister's Office, Department of Total Quality Management and Institutional Development, Baghdad, Iraq, Alqaisi Suadah Jasim Salih
Published: December 2024

This study aims to examine Thomas Hardy's The Mayor of Casterbridge from a feminist viewpoint. It examines how women are portrayed in the novel, focusing on their independence and how society's expectations and gender roles affect their lives. The study closely analyzes the text, using feminist literary criticism to understand the characters, their relationships, and the overall social context of the novel. The analysis explores feminist themes such as women's independence, the impact of societal expectations, and the consequences of a patriarchal society. It compares how male and female characters are presented in the novel and examines the role of marriage as a social institution. The study critiques the oppressive power structures of Victorian society and shows how the novel challenges traditional gender roles. The findings reveal that women in the novel face significant limitations imposed by a male-dominated society. Characters like Susan Henchard demonstrate the harmful effects of rigid gender roles and limited opportunities for women. Lucetta Templeman's story highlights the challenges women encounter when seeking freedom and independence in a conservative world. However, the study also identifies instances where female characters show strength and resilience despite societal pressures. Overall, this study argues that The Mayor of Casterbridge offers valuable insights into the struggles and potential of women in a patriarchal society. By examining the female characters, their experiences, and the broader social context, the study contributes to a deeper understanding of Hardy's work and its importance in feminist literature
Resenha
Authors: Rego Renato Leão , Costa Higor Ribeiro da
Published: December 2024

Resenha do livro ISUF, Urban Morphology and Human Settlements – Advances and Prospects, Vítor Oliveira (ed.), Springer, 2024, 274 pp.
PRIMARY HEALTHCARE REFORM IN KAZAKHSTAN: A SOCIALLY-ORIENTED MODEL
Authors: Qumar A.B. , Kulzhanov M. , Kosherbayeva L.
Published: December 2024

Primary health care (PHC) is the cornerstone of effective health systems, promoting equity, accessibility, and patient-centered care. In Kazakhstan, ongoing reforms have focused on transitioning from a centralized, hospital-based healthcare model inherited from the Soviet era to a socially oriented, people-centered PHC system. This review explores the key components of PHC reform in Kazakhstan, highlights the progress, and identifies challenges and prospects to provide recommendations for strengthening the PHC system.
Previous studies and governmental reports were overviewed to analyze and synthesize their findings. This review examines PHC reform in Kazakhstan to assess its impact on healthcare delivery and to identify related barriers. The synthesized findings highlight the importance of continued efforts to strengthen PHC services, improve equity, and enhance community participation. Valuable lessons have been learned, and messages have been offered for other countries seeking to reform their health systems towards a socially-oriented model.
Sobrepeso y talla baja; la cara actual de la malnutrición una población de riesgo
Authors: Jijón Andrade María Clara , Cando Ruiz Ana Paula , Almeida Álvarez María Sol , Reed Coloma Carolina , Jijón Letort Xavier
Published: December 2024

Introducción: la malnutrición es un problema latente en Latinoamérica, especialmente en estratos socioeconómicos bajos donde la pobreza, la falta de acceso a alimentación saludable, los conocimientos de nutrición y la falta de cultura de alimentación saludable son limitantes Uno de los grupos más vulnerables es el de madres adolescentes de bajos recursos. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la situación nutricional actual de un grupo de madres adolescente de bajos recursos y de sus hijos en Ecuador. Metodología: se realizó un estudio observacional, prospectivo del estado nutricional de madres adolescentes y de sus hijos. Se analizaron variables demográficas, clínicas y antropométricas, sus percentiles y Z-scores y se calcularon índices nutricionales. Resultados: se incluyeron 17 madres adolescentes y 16 hijos. La mediana de edad de las madres fue de 19.6 años y de 1.8 años en los niños. Se encontró talla baja en 9/17 (52%) madres y en 3/16 (18.8 %) niños. Se encontró sobrepeso en 29.4 % (5/17) y obesidad en 17.6 % (3/17) de las madres. No se encontraron participantes con bajo peso. Conclusión: la malnutrición en este estudio se presentó como sobrepeso, obesidad y talla baja. Estos hallazgos son importantes de cara a plantear nuevas estrategias nutricionales para combatir la malnutrición en Ecuador.
Agradecimiento a los revisores y actividad editorial de MetroCiencia en 2024
Authors: Campos-Miño Santiago
Published: December 2024

Concluye un año más de labor editorial en la revista científica del Hospital Metropolitano, MetroCiencia. Gracias al invaluable aporte de los autores y de los revisores, hemos obtenido algunos logros que podrían resumirse en los siguientes puntos:

Incremento sostenido de las visualizaciones y/o descargas de los artículos que publica MetroCiencia.
Alcance internacional de MetroCiencia.
Ingreso al catálogo de Latindex.
Calidad e importancia de los artículos.
Participación de los revisores.
Proceso editorial.
Proyectos para 2025.

También quisiéramos agradecer a nuestros lectores por su interés y entusiasmo en consultar nuestra revista, a todos los miembros del equipo editorial y a las autoridades del Hospital Metropolitano por su permanente apoyo y confianza.
Análisis de la Renuencia a vacunas en la población Infantil. Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Perugachi Lema Shany Lisbeth , Valera Lloris Raquel
Published: December 2024

Introducción: La vacunación ha logrado prevenir de 3 a 5 millones de muertes al año. Se ha visto cuestionado su uso y beneficio provocando Renuencia Vacunal, siendo un constate problema sanitario ya que disminuyen coberturas en la población infantil. Objetivo: Determinar los factores que generan renuencia vacunal en menores de 5 años. Metodología: se buscaron estudios elegibles con la estrategia de búsqueda “vaccine” AND “child” AND “reluctance” OR “rejection”. Se obtuvieron 228 estudios, de los cuales 22 fueron incluidos en la revisión, y se evaluó su calidad metodológica. Resultados Los hallazgos analizados describen como determinantes de Renuencia Vacunal al impacto que tiene el desconocimiento en la toma de decisiones, y como afectan las fuentes de información en una era digitalizada, el temor a efectos adversos que se ha visto presentes por experiencia propia o ajena con algún inmunobiológico, por último, la constante desconfianza en el sistema sanitario. La educación en salud resulta ser una herramienta útil para la disminuir la Renuencia Vacunal, aplicando comunicación estratégica. Conclusiones La renuencia se genera por desconocimiento sobre inmunización, la manera en la que se obtienen información, el temor sobre reacciones adversas que han causado desconfianza en el sistema de salud. Provocando que los esquemas regulares en menores de 5 años se exacerben en todas las regiones. La comunicación y la educación es primordial, futuras líneas de investigación podrían desarrollar estudios que generen una adecuada alfabetización sanitaria.
Hashitoxicosis durante el embarazo en una mujer con hipotiroidismo establecido. Reporte de caso clínico
Authors: Salto González John Fabricio , Pérez de La Puente Mauricio Alejandro
Published: December 2024

Introducción: El término 'hashitoxicosis' se usa para describir un síndrome de superposición de enfermedad tiroidea autoinmune de la enfermedad de Graves y Hashimoto. Caso clínico: Mujer de 23 años con diagnóstico de hipotiroidismo de Hashimoto, acudió a valoración de endocrinología a las 19 semana de gestación por alteración de hormonas tiroideas y anticuerpos anti-receptor TSH elevados, compatible con enfermedad de Graves, ante presencia de sintomatología de hipertiroidismo recibió terapia farmacológica antitiroidea, en control post parto presentó retorno a hipotiroidismo. Discusión: Durante el embarazo se presentan cambios en los parámetros bioquímicos de la tiroides, siendo primordial el diagnostico diferencial de hipertiroidismo de Graves durante el embarazo, el cual se confirma con presencia de anticuerpos anti-receptor TSH positivos. El uso terapia farmacológica antitiroidea con propiltiouracilo o metimazol depende de la semana de gestación. Conclusión: La transformación de hipotiroidismo autoinmune espontáneo a enfermedad de Graves durante el embarazo es infrecuente, su seguimiento ni tratamiento están definidos, por lo que se requiere un control estrecho.
Reconocimiento doctora Diana Moreira Vera
Authors: Pérez De la Puente Mauricio
Published: December 2024

Como parte del programa del Curso Internacional “Estándares y Vanguardia en Hematología-Oncología y Endocrinología” organizado por el Hospital Metropolitano del 7 al 10 de noviembre del 2024 se llevó a cabo la exposición de pósters y temas libres. Los organizadores pensamos en generar un espacio científico para compartir casos especiales de nuestras consultas; comunicar sobre experiencias innovadoras y fortalecer las habilidades de los residentes del hospital en la presentación de trabajos científicos. De esta manera, el hospital participó (con 9 pósters y 2 temas libres en el área de endocrinología), compitió y ganó el primer y segundo lugar en la sección de temas libres.
The Effect of Recycled Pervious Concrete Aggregate Substitution on Properties of Pervious Concrete
Authors: Yavuz Demet
Published: December 2024

Sustainability has gained significant importance in civil engineering and other areas in recent years. Numerous studies have been conducted on using recycled aggregates to demolish various structures in this context. However, almost all these studies have focused on recycled aggregates from traditional concrete. This study investigated the usability of recycled aggregates obtained from pervious concrete produced in a laboratory environment for use in pervious concrete production. Natural aggregate was substituted with recycled pervious concrete aggregate at weight ratios of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. The concrete series' compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths, water permeability coefficient, porosity values, and freeze-thaw resistance were examined. Additionally, the microstructure before and after the freeze-thaw effect was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that
recycled aggregates increased the water permeability coefficient and porosity but negatively affected the mechanical properties.
Strength and Durability Performance of Hybrid Alkaline Clay Brick Waste –Coconut Shell Ash Cement
Authors: Ngui Festus , Mutai Victor Kiptoo , Muhammed Najya , Mutunga Fredrick Mulei , Marangu Joseph M. , Otieno Mike
Published: December 2024

Hybrid Alkaline Cement (HAC) has the potential to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) and improve concrete structure. The durability of a hybrid alkaline mortar made from a mixture of calcined clay brick waste (CBW) and coconut shell ash (CSA) was compared with that of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and pozzolanic Portland cement (PPC), which are the two common types of Portland cement. In an open furnace, CSA was obtained by burning coconut shells collected from Kilifi County, Kenya. At the same time, CBW was sampled from brick production and construction sites in Kibwezi sub-county, Kenya, and ground using a laboratory ball mill. Various cement blends were prepared by mixing different mass ratios of OPC:CSA: CBW and activated with 0.5 M and 2 M Sodium sulfate solutions, maintaining a solution-to-cement ratio of 0.5. Control mortar prisms were cast using distilled water and cured in distilled water. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) was used for correlation analysis. Compressive strength development, water sorptivity, Porosity, oxygen permeability index, and thermal resistance were investigated for durability properties. Accelerated chloride ingress and chloride ion diffusion coefficients were determined. Results show that alkali-activated samples exhibited lower sorptivity, Porosity, chloride ingress, and higher compressive strength, oxygen permeability index, and thermal resistance than the cement mix prepared with water. The mix designs 5-1-4, 5-4-1, 3-1-6, and 3-6-1 demonstrated a decreasing optimum performance comparable to OPC in that order. The formulation 5-1-4, prepared with 2 M Sodium sulfate, showed the highest durability in all tests. Moreover, mortar durability was highly influenced by the amount of cement substituted, the kind of precursor, and the concentration of alkali activator.
Effect of sealed water curing and fiber length on compressive strength and fracture energy of fly ash-based geopolymer mortars
Authors: Gültekin Adil
Published: December 2024

n this study, the effect of the curing method and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber inclusion on some engineering properties of fly ash-based geopolymer mortars was examined. In this context, six fly ash-based mortars were produced using sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solution. The fracture energy values were determined with notched samples of 50×50×240mm dimensions, and a clip-on gage was used to measure the crack mouth opening displacements. The notch width and notch height were 3 mm and 10 mm, respectively. Specimens were cured in hot water (80 °C) for 18 hours. Before curing, one series of samples was sealed with three layers of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cling film and two layers of duct tape, while the other was not. The results showed that sealing the specimens during curing increased the compressive strength, and these increases were 18% for the reference mortar and 18% and 12%for mortars produced with 6 mm and 12 mm PVA fiber, respectively. Sealed curing enhanced fracture energy and peak loads and reduced the rate of capillary water absorption. With fiber inclusion, increases of up to 1508% in fracture energy values were achieved. The results revealed that sealing samples during curing significantly affects the mechanical properties.
In Search of Ancient Antalya (Attaleia): A First Approach
Authors: Kaye Noah
Published: December 2024

Antalya is one of the youngest major port cities of the Mediterranean, but its origins are among the most poorly understood. A pair of misconceptions hinders study and perhaps even documentation of Hellenistic and early Roman Attaleia. First, contrary to scholarly pessimism, there is much to learn about the early city’s history and archaeology, both in the Old Town (Kaleiçi) and in the hinterland. We consider here afresh most of the old evidence: Strabo on the foundation of the city by Attalos II Philadelphos and the migration of Trojan Cilicians into western Pamphylia, early bronze coinage featuring Poseidon (it is argued) holding a dolphin, and pre-Roman remains at Ören Tepe and the upper site of Döşeme Boğazı. We gather together the fragments of the earliest public architecture found in Kaleiçi – aspects of the city’s presentation to the sea, namely, von Lanckoro ski’s location i and the façade of the Keçili Parkı / Yanık Hastane. These are highlighted and preliminarily described in an effort to join old evidence to new, including the results of the many salvage excavations undertaken in Kaleiçi since the turn of the millennium. Second, the scholarly cliché that extols the virtues of the city’s location is not only misleading, but it also mischaracterizes the nature of Attalid and Roman imperial intervention here. Large-scale urbanism in this ecology required an injection of resources and a reconfiguration of settlement and mobility, both of which, it is argued, have left their mark.
New Inscriptions from Rough Cilicia
Authors: Avcu Fatma , Uzunoğlu Hüseyin
Published: December 2024

In this article 12 new inscriptions derived from both archaeological excavations at Diocaesarea (Uzuncaburç) and field surveys conducted in Rough Cilicia are introduced. Only one of the inscriptions is Hellenistic and concerns the honoring of the mother and sister of the priest Teukros, a member of the famous Teukros dynasty of the Olba temple state. Three of the remaining inscriptions are from Late Antiquity and carved on sarcophagi lids in arcosolium graves in the North necropolis of Diocaesarea. These inscriptions prove the existence of one monastery dedicated to St. Sergios and Konon, as well as one church dedicated to St. Rafael. The vast majority of the inscriptions belong to the Roman Imperial Period. One of them is, in fact, an addendum to an already known building inscription of the theater following the discovery of a new fragment which forms the first epigraphic evidence that the city took the title of Hadriane known from the coins. Two inscriptions are of religious content: one concerns the erection of statues of the gods by a priest called Mithradates, while the other provides information that a certain Chariton and some others, whose names cannot be read due to the break in the stone, erected an altar after having been warned by an oracle. The inscription attests further evidence concerning the worship of Athena Oreia Krisoua in Cilicia and ends with an acclamation.
Coin Finds from the Surveys of Northern Pisidia and the Excavations at Timbriada and Zindan Monastery
Authors: Köker Hüseyin , Tütüncü Esra
Published: December 2024

The subject of this study is the coin finds from the surveys and excavations in the region of Northern Pisidia carried out between 2014 and 2023. The settlements included in the surveys
are Kapıkaya, Yalakasar, Sandalion, Mallos, Parlais, Prostanna, Yuvalı / Dreskene village, Timbriada and Tynada, whereas the archaeological excavations were limited to Timbriada and Zindan Monastery. During the research and excavations, a total of 111 bronze coins and one silver coin were discovered. The coins were catalogued and stored for further examination. The coin finds span a broad time,
encompassing Hellenistic, Roman provincial, Roman imperial, Byzantine, and Turkish. Thus, the earliest coin dates back to the second century BC, while the most recent coin dates to the 17th century AD.
A House Type Tomb in Sinope: A Neglected Burial from Paphlagonia
Authors: Aksan Zeki Mete
Published: December 2024

A tomb structure west of Sinop was uncovered during a construction work back in 1979. A salvage excavation was conducted by the local museum, and a tomb with a courtyard was revealed. Dated to the Roman period, the distinctive character of its architecture, not known in the region of Paphlagonia, compensates for the scarcity in the finds. The aim of this article is to present and describe the tomb structure based on architectural features from the museum reports and to try to set a date in order to establish its position and importance in the burial traditions of ancient Sinope. Since the tomb could not be preserved following its excavation, the whole work is based on museum reports. Although some information which could be important in understanding the tomb is missing from the museum report, it is still
possible to make an interpretation of the tomb thanks to the photographs taken at the time and the careful drawings.
The French Consulate and Trade in Antalya in the 17th Century
Authors: Şimşek Touatı Fatma , Ayoglu Duman Damla
Published: December 2024

Our knowledge of Antalya’s foreign trade both in the 17th century and in the periods before and after this century is quite limited. In this century, Ottoman maritime trade was concentrated in ports such as Izmir and Alexandria, which had better equipment and commodity diversity capacities compared to Antalya. However, Antalya was one of the first consulates opened in the Levant by France, which replaced Venice in the Eastern Mediterranean trade. Except for a ten-year period (1644-1655), which remains uncertain despite its commercial weakness, this study focuses on the French efforts and justifications for establishing a foothold in Antalya throughout the 17th century. In the light of consular correspondence, other French sources, and Ottoman archival documents, commercial activities, items of manufactured goods, and raw materials exported from the city’s port have been identified. Documents containing especially commercial records of a limited number of ships departing from the port of Antalya allow us to observe the commercial traffic between France and Antalya during this period. In addition, the size and volume of this trade can be determined greatly through the cotime tax imposed on the cargo of French ships. All these efforts of France, which almost monopolized the foreign trade of the city, will be examined in detail and comprehensively in terms of both the institutional structure and the commercial connections it undertook. A determination of Antalya’s commercial place and importance in the Eastern Mediterranean in the 17th century will be attempted.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Auditory, Intellectually, Repetition dengan Pendekatan RME untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa pada Materi Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar Kelas VIII SMP
Authors: Panggabean Diandra Sartika , Dwinata Alona , Rahmatina Desi
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the improvement of students' mathematical problem-solving abilities through the implementation of the AIR learning model with the RME approach on the topic of flat sided geometric material in Grade VIII at SMP Negeri 45 Batam. This research is a quasi-experimental type of research, with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample was selected using probability sampling with a cluster random sampling method, so that two sample classes were obtained, VIII C as the experimental class and VIII F as the control class. The test instrument in the form of essay questions to measure students' mathematical problem solving abilities on flat-sided geometric material was used to collect research data. The research results showed that the average improvement in mathematical problem-solving abilities for the experimental class was 0.42, while for the control class it was 0.31. From the Independent t-test of N-Gain, the Sig. value was 0.044, it can be concluded that the average mathematical problem solving ability of students through the application of the AIR learning model with the RME approach is higher than the average mathematical problem solving ability of students using conventional learning models.
The Impact of Economic and Environmental Factors on the Consumption of Renewable Energy: The Case of Kazakhstan
Authors: Smatayeva Akmaral , Temerbulatova Zhansaya , Kakizhanova Tolkyn
Published: December 2024

The article examines the impact of economic and environmental factors on the consumption of renewable energy sources (RES) in Kazakhstan. The study is based on a quantitative analysis of data, including adjusted net savings (ANS), the share of renewable electricity output (REO), and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions per capita. The dependent variable in this analysis is the share of renewable energy in the total final energy consumption. The results of the regression analysis revealed the following relationships: an increase in the share of electricity production from renewable energy sources (REO) by 1% leads to an increase in their consumption by 0.119% (p < 0.01), which is associated with reduced production costs and improved accessibility. Adjusted net savings (ANS) also have a positive effect: their growth by 1% increases renewable energy consumption by 0.055% (p < 0.05), confirming the role of economic stability and investment in the development of green energy. At the same time, an increase in CO₂ emissions negatively affects renewable energy consumption, decreasing it by 0.154% for each additional ton of CO₂ per capita (p < 0.01), which is explained by the predominance of traditional hydrocarbon energy sources. The study highlights that the sustainable development of renewable energy sources requires a comprehensive approach, including the stimulation of its production, reduction of carbon emissions, and maintenance of economic stability. The results have practical value for the formation of Kazakhstan's state policy aimed at transition to sustainable energy and reducing environmental pressure.
The Relationship of Anxiety Level and The Incident of Insomnia in Undergraduate Nursing Students Muhammadiyah University, East Kalimantan
Authors: Sujianti Annisa Syahra , Muflihatin Siti Khoiroh , Astuti Zulmah
Published: December 2024

Pendahuluan : Tidur merupakan proses fisiologis yang sangat penting bagi manusiakarena saat tidur, tubuh melakukan pemulihan dan perbaikan sel-sel yang rusak akibataktivitas sehari-hari. Istirahat, di sisi lain, adalah kondisi di mana aktivitas jasmanimenurun, menyebabkan tubuh menjadi lebih segar. Penting bagi tenaga kesehatan untukmengidentifikasi dan menangani gangguan tidur pasien. Insomnia sering kali diartikansebagai ketidakpuasan terhadap tidur baik dari segi kualitas maupun kuantitas. Gejalanyameliputi kesulitan tidur, sulit mempertahankan tidur, sering terbangun, atau kesulitan tidurkembali setelah terbangun, serta sering terjaga dengan kesulitan untuk tidur lagi. Kecemasan adalah fenomena psikologis yang umum di masyarakat, dan mahasiswaKeperawatan merupakan salah satu kelompok yang cenderung mengalaminya karenatekanan akademik, ujian, lingkungan sosial, dan tantangan dalam mengatasi tekananpsikologis serta beban tugas yang tinggi.
Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui tingkat kecemasan dengan kejadian insomnia pada mahasiswa S1 Keperawatan Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur.
Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi cross-sectional dan memiliki sifatkuantitatif. Sampel penelitian diambil secara total sampling dengan jumlah respondensebanyak 568 orang. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner yang disebarkan melaluiGoogle Form, dan analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan uji gamma.
Hasil Penelitian : Dari hasil analisis statistik menggunakan uji Gamma, ditemukan bahwanilai p sebesar 0,004 < 0,05. Oleh karena itu, hipotesis alternatif (H1) diterima sedangkanhipotesis nol (H0) ditolak. Hal ini mengindikasi adanya hubungan antara tingkatkecemasan dan kejadian insomnia pada mahasiswa S1 keperawatan di Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur. Korelasi antara kedua variabel tersebut sebesar 0,170, mengindikasi adanya hubungan positif yang lemah antara keduanya. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat keterkaitan antara kecemasan dan kejadian insomnia pada mahasiswa di universitas tersebut.
Kesimpulan : Ada hubungan antara kecemasan dengan kejadian insomnia pada mahasiswa S1 Keperawatan Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur
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Kata Kunci : Insomnia, Tingkat Kecemasan, Mahasiswa