bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recalculated orbits of 8 double stars
Authors: Olevic D. , Popovic G. , Jovanovic P.
Published: July 2012

The authors present new orbital elements for the following pairs: ADS 1227 ADS 3317, ADS 8128, ADS 8239, ADS 8242, ADS 8539, ADS 8949 and McA 61. Individual masses for these pairs are also calculated. For the pairs ADS 8128, ADS 8239, ADS 8539 and ADS 8949 calculated parallaxes are in accordance with the corresponding parallaxes of the Hipparchos Program.
CCD astrometric observations of comets at the Belgrade observatory during 1998 - 2000 (I)
Authors: Protitch-Benishek V. , Benishek Vl.
Published: July 2012

143 precise astrometric positions of seven comets were obtained with the CCD equipped Askania astrograph (13.5/160) of Belgrade Astronomical Observatory. The SBIG ST-8(1530 ? 1020 pixel array) camera was used in the observations.
Astronomy, geodesy and map-drawing in Moldova since the Middle Ages till the World War I
Authors: Gaina A.
Published: July 2012

A short outline of the history of astronomy, astronomical navigation, geodesy and map-drawing in Moldova since the Middle Ages till the World War I is presented. The contribution of Rudjer Boskovic to the determination of geographical coordinates of Galati and Iasi and the triangulation of Montenegro in 1879-1880 by Russian military geodesists has been discussed as well.
The concept of fractal cosmos, I: Anaxagoras’ cosmology
Authors: Grujic P.V.
Published: July 2012

The concept of a fractal cosmos occupies a prominent position in the modern cosmology. We trace the development of this concept from the presocratic Greece to the present state of affairs. In this first part we consider the original idea due to Anaxagoras and elucidate a number of points with regard to possible interpretation of his cosmological ideas. A comparison has been made with the cosmology of Abderian school and relevance to the modern cosmology discussed.
Micrometer measurements of double stars: Series 53
Authors: Popovic G.M.
Published: July 2012

A set of 38 measurements of double stars, carried out with the Zeiss Refractor 65/1055 cm of the Belgrade Observatory, is communicated.
A comparison of two spherical mass-distribution models
Authors: Ninkovic S.
Published: July 2012

Two spherically symmetric mass-distribution models - a special case of the generalized Schuster density law and the generalized isochrone model (both yield the same approximate density dependence on the distance in the outer parts) - are compared. It is shown that in the interval of the relative second scale length for the latter case of 0.5-0.6 the two mass distributions are almost identical. Considering to advantages, i.e. disadvantages, of the formulae describing these mass distributions this result can be of interest.
State or Private Ownership? A Survey of Empirical Studies
Authors: Tichá Michaela
Published: July 2012

State or Private Ownership? A Survey of Empirical Studies

This paper focuses on property rights and performance of enterprises. The objective of this paper is to summarize existing knowledge from empirical studies dealing with the question of whether private property and privatization of enterprises encourage firms to increase their performance measured as growth of profitability, labor productivity, investments, costs effectiveness, etc. On the basis of empirical studies, it is also determined what the influence of institutional frameworks of property rights and privatization is on the firm performance. The first part of the paper reviews results of studies on the non-transition economies privatized by 1990. The second one evaluates the impact of private ownership on performance of enterprises from transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe, and the Former Soviet Union. The results of the studies suggest that private ownership is an important but not sufficient determinant of firm prosperity, subsequently resulting in overall rise of wealth of nations. The positive impact of private ownership on economic performance can occur only in an appropriate institutional environment with relevant legal standards (righteous and enforceable contracts, the protection of shareholders and creditors, adequate banking system, functioning bankruptcy courts, capital market supervision, etc.).
Distillation profiles in ternary heterogeneous mixtures with distillation boundaries: staged columns
Authors: Królikowski Andrzej
Published: July 2012

Distillation profiles in ternary heterogeneous mixtures with distillation boundaries: staged columns

Distillation boundaries originate from saddle azeotropes, dividing the composition space into distillation regions. In heterogeneous mixtures distilled in packed columns, distillation regions overlap. The common area of distillation regions is parametrically sensitive, and it determines the possibilities of crossing (at a finite reflux) the distillation boundaries defined for a total reflux or reboil ratio. This work is an extended research of the paper (Królikowski et al., 2011) conducted to scrutinize whether the distillation regions overlapped in heteroazeotropic systems distilled in staged columns. Presented studies were performed by finding such composition points of the products, for which the rectifying profiles of staged columns were ended in different distillation regions. Calculations were executed for the heterogeneous mixture classified under Serafimov's topological class as 3.1-2: ethanol - benzene - water. Distillation regions for staged columns were found to overlap each other in the heterogeneous systems. As a result, their common part was parametrically sensitive.
Investigation of the distribution of chemical components in selected landfill layers and fly ash fractions
Authors: Sambor Aleksandra , Szymanek Arkadiusz
Published: July 2012

Investigation of the distribution of chemical components in selected landfill layers and fly ash fractions

The article concerns fly ashes generated from the combustion of hard coal and deposited on landfills. Investigation results describing fly ash taken from a combustion waste landfill are presented in the article. The investigation results indicate a possibility for combusting the coal reclaimed by separation from the fly ash and utilizing the remaining fly ash fractions.
Limestone in flue gas desulphurization in oxygen-enriched atmospheres - Part I: The effect of CO2 on limestone calcination
Authors: Kochel Angelika , Cieplińska Aleksandra , Szymanek Arkadiusz
Published: July 2012

Limestone in flue gas desulphurization in oxygen-enriched atmospheres - Part I: The effect of CO2 on limestone calcination

The article describes the testing of four selected samples of limestone originating from four commercially exploited deposits. The tests of sorbents included a physicochemical analysis and calcination in different atmospheres. The main aim of the tests was to determine the possibilities for using limestone during combustion in oxygen-enriched atmospheres. Tests in a synthetic flue gas composition make it possible to assess the possibility of CaCO3 decomposition in atmospheres with an increased CO2 concentration.
Continuous mathematical models of airlift bioreactors: Families, affinity, diversity and modelling for single-substrate kinetics
Authors: Grzywacz Robert
Published: July 2012

Continuous mathematical models of airlift bioreactors: Families, affinity, diversity and modelling for single-substrate kinetics

This paper presents a method of describing an airlift bioreactor, in which biodegradation of a carbonaceous substrate described by single-substrate kinetics takes place. Eight mathematical models based on the assumption of liquid plug flow and axial dispersion flow through the riser and the downcomer in the reactor were proposed. Additionally, the impact of degassing zone with assumed complete mixing on the obtained results was analyzed. Calculations were performed for two representative hydrodynamic regimes of reactor operation, i.e. with the presence of gas bubbles only within the riser and for complete gas circulation. The conclusions related to the apparatus design and process performance under sufficient aeration of the reaction mixture were drawn on the basis of the obtained results.
Quantitative Analysis of the Polyurethane Composites with Non-Organic Nanofiller for Use in Implants of Intervertebral Disc
Authors: Waśniewski Bartłomiej , Ryszkowska Joanna , Skalski Konstanty , Pawlikowski Marek
Published: July 2012

Quantitative Analysis of the Polyurethane Composites with Non-Organic Nanofiller for Use in Implants of Intervertebral Disc

The aim of this research was to develop a composite material to be used as an elastomeric core of the artificial intervertebral disc. Two types of polyurethane composites with non-modified SiO2and SiO2modified NH2group were obtained. The composites made of these materials have different filler content. The effect of modifying fillers for the structure and properties of these materials were investigated.
Contribution to the knowledge on the synanthropization and dietary specialization of the Ural Owl (Strix uralensis) in urban environment of Košice city (East Slovakia)
Authors: Dravecký Miroslav , Obuch Ján
Published: July 2012

Contribution to the knowledge on the synanthropization and dietary specialization of the Ural Owl (Strix uralensis) in urban environment of Košice city (East Slovakia)

S. uralensisis a typical silvatic species, specialized for this life style through its biology and diet. Synanthropization is a rare phenomenon in this species, reflected in the changes of diet and hunting strategies, adapting to the characteristics of the urban environment. Between November 22, 1993 and June 2, 1994, an individual of the Ural Owl was observed 39 times in the urban areas of Košice city. The examination of the pellets revealed that the Ural Owl specialized in huntingStreptopelia decaocto(76.7%) andColumba liviaf.domestica(13.4%). These results were confirmed by observations ofS. uralensishuntingS. decaocto.This discovery is the first direct evidence ofS. uralensisdiet adaptation toS. decaoctoand feralC. liviaf.domesticain Slovakia.
Book review: Aebischer A 2009: Der Rotmilan. Ein faszinierender Greifvogel. Haupt Verlag, Bern
Authors: Schröpfer Libor
Published: July 2012

Book review: Aebischer A 2009: Der Rotmilan. Ein faszinierender Greifvogel. Haupt Verlag, Bern
Book review: Poprach K 2008: Sova pálená [Barn Owl]. Tyto
Authors: Schröpfer Libor
Published: July 2012

Book review: Poprach K 2008: Sova pálená [Barn Owl]. Tyto
Round and About the Bande Dessinée Québécoise
Authors: Rolfe Christopher
Published: July 2012

What follows is an attempt to contextualise the bandes dessinées produced in Quebec from their early beginnings in the late nineteenth century to their renewal and expansion during the years immediately following the Quiet Revolution. The intention, above all, is to give a sense of a changing intellectual, artistic and cultural landscape, and to situate the creators of comic strips within it. In fact, as will become evident, the history of Quebec's comic strips is closely linked to the history of the province and in many ways reflects it. (As we will see, the all-pervasive influence of the Catholic Church and the rise of Quebec nationalism can be traced in the development of the bande dessinée.) Necessarily, given the scope of the topic and the limited space available, the attempted coverage will be sketchy and incomplete. Moreover, it is only right to point out that its author is very much a novice in the field of the comic strip. Nevertheless, it is hoped that - to use an appropriate metaphor - a broader picture and different perspectives will emerge for those unfamiliar with the history of Quebec, and that new avenues of research will be prompted.
Structural Analysis of Cytochrome P450 105N1 Involved in the Biosynthesis of the Zincophore, Coelibactin
Authors: Zhao Bin , Moody Suzy C. , Hider Robert C. , Lei Li , Kelly Steven L. , Waterman Michael R. , Lamb David C.
Published: July 2012

Coelibactin is a putative non-ribosomally synthesized peptide with predicted zincophore activity and which has been implicated in antibiotic regulation in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). The coelibactin biosynthetic pathway contains a stereo- and regio-specific monooxygenation step catalyzed by a cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP105N1). We have determined the X-ray crystal structure of CYP105N1 at 2.9 Å and analyzed it in the context of the bacterial CYP105 family as a whole. The crystal structure reveals a channel between the α-helical domain and the β-sheet domain exposing the heme pocket and the long helix I to the solvent. This wide-open conformation of CYP105N1 may be related to the bulky substrate coelibactin. The ligand-free CYP105N1 structure has enough room in the substrate access channel to allow the coelibactin to enter into the active site. Analysis of typical siderophore ligands suggests that CYP105N1 may produce derivatives of coelibactin, which would then be able to chelate the zinc divalent cation.
Estimation of tumour mass in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma using serum thyroglobulin
Authors: Wieduwilt M. , Nagarajah J. , Bockisch A. , Jentzen W. , Rosenbaum-Krumme S. J.
Published: July 2012

Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) is a reliable tumour marker in follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). A positive correlation between Tg level and tumour mass was recently observed, but no attempts were made to derive a numerical relation. The aim of this study was to derive a numerical relationship between serum Tg level and tumour mass that allows optimizing the diagnostic procedures. Patients, method: 78 DTC patients with tumour lesions in either 124I-NaI or 18F-FDG PET/CT were included. For each patient, the total tumour mass was determined functionally in iodine- and FDG-positive lesions as well as morphologically in only CTpositive lesions. The serum Tg level was measured under TSH stimulation prior to imaging. Regression analyses were performed to derive an approach for estimation of the total tumour mass based on Tg levels. Results: A positive correlation of serum Tg and tumour mass was confirmed and a mathematical expression was given to estimate the tumour mass along with its 95% confidence interval using only the serum Tg level. The results demonstrated that the range of predicted tumour mass was higher per serum Tg unit for iodinepositive lesions than for FDG-positive tumour lesions and was higher for follicular than for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Conclusion: This study provides an approach to estimate the tumour mass and its 95% confidence intervals in DTC patients using the serum Tg level. The range of the estimated tumour mass for a given Tg level is rather large, and therefore, the approach is of limited value in clinical application.
La production scientifique des enseignants-chercheurs en économie
Authors: Lesueur Jean-Yves
Published: July 2012

Résumé La production scientifique des enseignants-chercheurs a donné lieu à de nombreux travaux empiriques ces dix dernières années. Rares sont toutefois les études qui ont pu contrôler, lors de l’évaluation des déterminants de la production scientifique, le caractère multi-tâches de l’activité d’un enseignant-chercheur. La mise en place en France, depuis 2009, de la prime d’excellence scientifique ( pes ), offre une base de données inédite et particulièrement adaptée à cette attente. La procédure de sélection des candidats à la pes , conforme aux conditions des modèles de tournois, permet de faire apparaître les liens entre promotion au cours de la carrière et du cycle de la production scientifique. Nous exploitons les données relatives à la première campagne pes 2009 en sciences économiques. Deux critères de mesure de la production scientifique, l’un qualitatif l’autre quantitatif, sont utilisés pour étudier leurs déterminants. Les résultats économétriques confirment les liens étroits entre mécanismes de promotion et cycle de la production scientifique.
Dilemme en action motrice et robustesse de la stratégie évolutionnairement stable
Authors: Collard Luc , Obœuf Alexandre , Legrand Marc
Published: July 2012

Résumé Dans un jeu de l’évolution résolu par l’action motrice, la stratégie évolutionnairement stable ( ses ) est-elle robuste ? Cinquante-six étudiants sportifs participent à faucons vs colombes qu’ils jouent chacun cinq fois. Deux joueurs se séparent à égale distance d’un ballon. Ils choisissent secrètement un maillot, de couleur différente pour colombe et faucon. Au signal, chacun tente de ramener le ballon dans son camp. Ceci en usant des techniques du rugby pour faucon et du basket-ball pour colombe. La ses invite théoriquement à choisir faucon sept fois sur douze. Sur 140 tournois, la petite moitié de joueurs (25) jouant cet équilibre de Nash n’a pas maximisé ses gains. Cela tient à la pertinence motrice du jeu. Les joueurs s’éloignant de la ses révèlent une autre logique basée sur leurs possibilités dynamiques d’intervention, en liaison anticipée avec les caractéristiques des autres joueurs.
Arctic rapid sea ice loss events in regional coupled climate scenario experiments
Authors: Döscher R. , Koenigk T.
Published: July 2012

Abstract. Rapid sea ice loss events (RILEs) in a mini-ensemble of regional Arctic coupled climate model scenario experiments are analyzed. Mechanisms of sudden ice loss are strongly related to atmospheric circulation conditions and preconditioning by sea ice thinning during the seasons and years before the event. Clustering of events in time suggests a strong control by large scale atmospheric circulation. Anomalous atmospheric circulation is forcing ice flow and providing warm air affecting winter ice growth. Even without a seasonal preconditioning during winter, ice drop events can be initiated by anomalous inflow of warm air from the Atlantic sector during summer. It is shown that RILE events can be generated solely based on atmospheric circulation changes without possible competing mechanisms, such as anomalous seasonal radiative forcing or short-lived forcers (e.g. soot). Such forces do merely play minor roles or no role at all in our model. Mechanisms found are qualitatively in line with observations of the 2007 RILE.
Elinogrel, an orally and intravenously available ADP-receptor antagonist
Authors: Müller K. A. L. , Geisler T. , Gawaz M.
Published: July 2012

The antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and the ADP-receptor blocker clopidogrel is currently the standard medication after coronary intervention or after acute coronary syndrome to prevent recurrent ischemic events and reduce mortality. However, high interindividual response variability to antiplatelet treatment is described in up to 44% of treated patients. A poor response to clopidogrel is caused by multifactorial mechanisms. Individual risk assessment including platelet function testing (PFT) can help to identify high risk patients, although recent randomized trials to investigate effects of PFT-guided therapy have failed to detect an impact on prognostic outcome. Poor response to standard antiplatelet agents can be overcome by switching to alternate substances. Elinogrel is a novel competitive, reversible ADP-receptor antagonist available in oral and intravenous formulation. Additional treatment with elinogrel showed advantages over clopidogrel, including more rapid, less variable, and more complete inhibition of platelet function without significantly increased bleeding complications. This review gives an overview over the investigational drug elinogrel for use in a personalized antiplatelet approach.
Les nouvelles logiques de l’aide publique au développement : entre rationalisation, pragmatisme et logiques institutionnelles
Authors: Contamin Bernard , Milanesi Julien , Montaud Jean-Marc
Published: July 2012

Ce travail explore les principales tendances actuelles de l’aide publique au développement (APD) pour en cerner les nouvelles logiques. Le constat initial est celui d’une diversification de ses finalités et d’une exigence renforcée de son efficacité face à un environnement externe nouveau. Cela se traduit par une montée de la notion d’appropriation pour mieux prendre en compte la demande, par un processus d’harmonisation de l’offre d’APD et par une transformation des pratiques qui conjugue rationalisation, pragmatisme et jeux institutionnels. Au final, l’avenir de l’aide semble plus que jamais pluriel pour prendre en compte les diversités des situations et des objectifs.
Que reste-t-il de la théorie du chômage de Keynes?
Authors: Erhel Christine , Zajdela Hélène
Published: July 2012

La théorie du chômage élaborée par Keynes a perdu de sa substance, au cours du développement d’une macroéconomie qui s’est autoqualifiée de keynésienne. Ce processus a abouti dans un premier temps à séparer le chômage involontaire du chômage keynésien, puis à réintroduire le chômage volontaire. À partir des préconisations des rapports officiels de l’OCDE, nous montrons l’émergence d’un consensus. L’analyse de l’évolution des théories « keynésiennes » du chômage de IS-LM jusqu’à WS-PS conduit au constat d’un renouveau du concept de taux de chômage naturel. Plus récemment, l’accent sur les risques de désincitation à l’activité marque la réapparition du second postulat de l’économie classique.
Les modèles non unitaires de comportement du ménage : un survol de la littérature
Authors: Chiappori Pierre-André , Donni Olivier
Published: July 2012

Cet article s’intéresse aux modèles non unitaires de comportement du ménage. Ces modèles supposent explicitement que le ménage est composé de plusieurs personnes ayant des préférences distinctes. Ils se classent alors en deux catégories principales : d’une part, les modèles coopératifs (ou collectifs), dans lesquels les allocations sont supposées efficaces au sens de Pareto, et d’autre part, les modèles non coopératifs (ou stratégiques) qui s’appuient sur la notion d’équilibre de Cournot-Nash. Dans ces modèles, les fonctions qui caractérisent le comportement du ménage doivent satisfaire des contraintes différentes des traditionnelles conditions de Slutsky. De plus, dans certains cas particuliers, les préférences des membres du ménage peuvent être identifiées à partir du comportement observable.
Effets d’une réforme fiscale sur l’offre de travail des ménages dans un cadre collectif simulé
Authors: Bargain Olivier , Moreau Nicolas
Published: July 2012

La littérature contient très peu de recherches empiriques concernant les effets distributifs du système sociofiscal à l’intérieur du ménage. Nous simulons cet effet dans le cadre du modèle collectif d’offre de travail lorsque l’on passe d’une taxation jointe à une taxation individuelle en France. Nous montrons que la contribution relative de l’épouse aux revenus familiaux après impôts est un déterminant significatif de la négociation au sein du couple, avec une très faible élasticité cependant. En conséquence, les réactions d’offre de travail dues à la réforme sont essentiellement induites par les effets traditionnels (substitution et revenu), tout comme dans un modèle unitaire. Une analyse de sensibilité montre que l’effet distributif capturé par le cadre collectif est significatif seulement dans le cas de réformes fiscales de grande ampleur et peu réalistes. Ce résultat suggère cependant d’amplifier les recherches sur le lien entre fiscalité, transferts et décision intrafamiliale. En particulier, il convient d’ajouter plus de structure que n’en permet le modèle collectif afin de caractériser plus précisément la façon dont la fiscalité pourrait jouer sur la négociation au sein du ménage.
Les transferts ascendants au Bangladesh, une décision familiale?
Authors: Wolff François-Charles
Published: July 2012

Cet article apporte un éclairage sur la prise de décision dans la famille, dans le domaine des transferts versés par les enfants adultes à leurs parents âgés. D’un côté, un enfant doit composer avec son éventuel conjoint pour s’occuper de ses parents et beaux-parents. De l’autre, chaque enfant peut compter sur un éventuel soutien de ses frères et soeurs pour la prise en charge des ascendants. Nous cherchons ici à savoir dans quelle mesure il importe de prendre en compte ces effets de fratrie pour comprendre les solidarités ascendantes. Nous examinons l’existence d’éventuels arrangements intrafamiliaux à partir de l’enquête MHSS réalisée en 1996 au Bangladesh. Nos résultats économétriques pour les transferts ascendants indiquent que les comportements des frères et soeurs ne sont pas indépendants les uns des autres.
Analysing Irony for Translation
Authors: Chakhachiro Raymond
Published: July 2012

This paper investigates the question of whether the classifications and general descriptions of irony, as true as they may seem, are plausible enough for enquiries into areas such as translation. The generic and philosophical analysis criteria provided by the literary criticism, literary theory and pragmatic approaches hover around broad interpretive models of irony. These criteria are impractical for the analysis of irony for translation purposes, although the translation of irony relies essentially on interpretation and creative reformulation. This is particularly the case when dealing with typologically distant languages, such as Arabic and English, in a specific text-type. To be able to “work” with ironic texts there is a need for a more objective and applicable approach, which considers the identification of formal and rhetorical devices of ironic texts, hence a linguistic analysis that explains the communicative function of these devices at both the utterance and discourse structure levels.
Translating Epistemic Adverbs from English into Spanish: Evidence from a Parallel Corpus1
Authors: Ramón Noelia
Published: July 2012

The expression of modal meanings is an area of great complexity in the relationship between form and function in a single language and cross-linguistically. Modal adverbs in particular are considered to be problematic from a contrastive perspective due to their multifunctionality in English (Aijmer 2005). This paper is a corpus-based study of the expression of epistemic possibility by means of three common modal adverbs in English (certainly, probably, possibly) and the translational options chosen in Spanish for expressing those meanings. The aim is to identify trends in the translations of these epistemic adverbs that contribute to a better understanding of the various semantic functions that native speakers attribute to these units. The analysis shows that the omission of modal adverbs in the translations may be considered as an indicator of the degree of grammaticalization attained by these adverbs in English. The results provide useful information not only in the field of translator training and practice, but also in descriptive linguistics.
Semantic Orientation, Syntactic Position and Pragmatic Function of Modifier in Chinese-English Translation
Authors: Liu Huawen
Published: July 2012

In Chinese-English translation the equivalents for noun or verb modifiers are more than often subject to redeployment in the target language. According to the principle that a modifier is supposed to be syntactically located in the immediacy of the modified toward which it is semantically oriented, the displacement of a modifier from where it should be syntactically located is incurred because of pragmatic motivations. However, in the context of Chinese-English translation, the modified can exert more drawing force on the modifier. As a result, the originally displaced modifier, now in a position identical to that of its English equivalent, returns to the modified, the noun or the verb, toward which it is semantically oriented. Or the modifier will resume the syntactic position as close to its modified noun or verb as possible. A conclusive analysis claims that the drawing gravity from the modified in C-E translation results from the translator’s heightened semantic concerns, although some pragmatic effects can be produced as expected or unexpected.
La convergence des politiques économiques dans la zone franc : où en est-on 15 ans après?
Authors: Fouda Owoundi Jean Pierre
Published: July 2012

Des mécanismes de surveillance multilatérale des politiques économiques ont été mis en place dans la zone franc après l’ajustement monétaire de 1994. Cet article propose non seulement une lecture des fondements théoriques et des enjeux de cette expérience, mais aussi une évaluation des critères de convergence fixés et surtout de la convergence réelle des économies.
Consommation, effet de substitution intertemporelle et formation des habitudes
Authors: Auray Stéphane
Published: July 2012

Cet article discute du rôle du mécanisme de substitution intertemporelle dans le comportement de consommation des ménages. Après avoir constaté que ce mécanisme est au coeur de plusieurs modèles monétaires mais, qu’étant trop fort, il tend généralement à réduire la capacité de ces modèles à reproduire les faits stylisés monétaires, je dresse un bilan de l’état des connaissances sur le lien entre consommation et effet de substitution intertemporelle. L’intérêt de l’hypothèse de persistance des habitudes dans le comportement de consommation est analysée à l’aide d’un modèle simple de choix intertemporels pour montrer que cette hypothèse permet d’affaiblir le mécanisme de substitution intertemporelle, et par voie de conséquence, d’améliorer les propriétés dynamiques des modèles monétaires usuels.
A compact dual-band dual-port diversity antenna for LTE
Authors: Mouffok L. , Lepage A. C. , Sarrazin J. , Begaud X.
Published: July 2012

The design of a compact dual-band dual-port antenna system is presented. It operates in two frequency bands, 790-862 MHz and 2500-2690 MHz, thereby making it suitable for Long Term Evolution (LTE) handheld devices. The proposed system is composed of two orthogonal inverted-F antennas (IFA) to perform diversity in mobile terminals. A good agreement is observed between simulated and experimental results. The high antenna diversity capability of the proposed system is highlighted with the calculation of envelope correlation coefficient, mean effective and diversity gains for different environment scenarii.
Light‐Controlled Reversible Manipulation of Microgel Particle Size Using Azobenzene‐Containing Surfactant
Authors: Zakrevskyy Yuriy , Richter Marcel , Zakrevska Svitlana , Lomadze Nino , von Klitzing Regine , Santer Svetlana
Published: July 2012

The light‐induced reversible switching of the swelling of microgel particles triggered by photo‐isomerization and binding/unbinding of a photosensitive azobenzene‐containing surfactant is reported. The interactions between the microgel (N‐isopropylacrylamide, co‐monomer: allyl acetic acid, crosslinker: N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide) and the surfactant are studied by UV‐Vis spectroscopy, dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering measurements. Addition of the surfactant above a critical concentration leads to contraction/collapse of the microgel. UV light irradiation results in trans‐cis isomerization of the azobenzene unit incorporated into the surfactant tail and causes an unbinding of the more hydrophilic cis isomer from the microgel and its reversible swelling. The reversible contraction can be realized by blue light irradiation that transfers the surfactant back to the more hydrophobic trans conformation, in which it binds to the microgel. The phase diagram of the surfactant‐microgel interaction and transitions (aggregation, contraction, and precipitation) is constructed and allows prediction of changes in the system when the concentration of one or both components is varied. Remote and reversible switching between different states can be realized by either UV or visible light irradiation.
Bias‐Stress‐Induced Charge Trapping at Polymer Chain Ends of Polymer Gate‐Dielectrics in Organic Transistors
Authors: Choi Hyun Ho , Lee Wi Hyoung , Cho Kilwon
Published: July 2012

Herein is demonstrated that the polymer chain ends of polymer gate‐ dielectrics (PGDs) in organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) can trap charges; the bias‐stress stability is reduced without changes in the mobilities of the transistor devices as well as the morphologies of the organic semiconductors. The bias‐stress stabilities of OFETs using PGD with various molecular weights (MWs) are investigated. Under bias stress in ambient air, the drain current decay and the threshold voltage shift are found to increase as the MW of the PGD decreases (MW effect). This MW effect is caused by the variation in the density of polymer chain ends in the PGDs with MW: the free volumes at the polymer chain ends act as charge‐trap sites, resulting in drain current decay during bias stress. The free volumes at polymer chain ends are sufficiently large to allow the residence of water molecules, the presence of which significantly increases the density of charge‐trap sites. In contrast, polymer chain ends without trapped water molecules do not allow charge trapping and so bias‐stress stability is independent of the MW of the PGD. It is also found that the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the chain ends of the PGD can affect bias‐stress stability; carboxyl‐terminated polystyrene exhibits a much higher trap density and lower bias‐stress stability than hydrogen‐terminated polystyrene when these devices are exposed to humid nitrogen.
Clinical significance of genetic aberrations in secondary acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Milosevic Jelena D. , Puda Ana , Malcovati Luca , Berg Tiina , Hofbauer Michael , Stukalov Alexey , Klampfl Thorsten , Harutyunyan Ashot S. , Gisslinger Heinz , Gisslinger Bettina , Burjanivova Tatiana , Rumi Elisa , Pietra Daniela , Elena Chiara , Vannucchi Alessandro M. , Doubek Michael , Dvorakova Dana , Robesova Blanka , Wieser Rotraud , Koller Elisabeth , Suvajdzic Nada , Tomin Dragica , Tosic Natasa , Colinge Jacques , Racil Zdenek , Steurer Michael , Pavlovic Sonja , Cazzola Mario , Kralovics Robert
Published: July 2012

The study aimed to identify genetic lesions associated with secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) in comparison with AML arising de novo (dnAML) and assess their impact on patients' overall survival (OS). High‐resolution genotyping and loss of heterozygosity mapping was performed on DNA samples from 86 sAML and 117 dnAML patients, using Affymetrix Genome‐Wide Human SNP 6.0 arrays. Genes TP53, RUNX1, CBL, IDH1/2, NRAS, NPM1, and FLT3 were analyzed for mutations in all patients. We identified 36 recurrent cytogenetic aberrations (more than five events). Mutations in TP53, 9pUPD, and del7q (targeting CUX1 locus) were significantly associated with sAML, while NPM1 and FLT3 mutations associated with dnAML. Patients with sAML carrying TP53 mutations demonstrated lower 1‐year OS rate than those with wild‐type TP53 (14.3% ± 9.4% vs. 35.4% ± 7.2%; P = 0.002), while complex karyotype, del7q (CUX1) and del7p (IKZF1) showed no significant effect on OS. Multivariate analysis confirmed that mutant TP53 was the only independent adverse prognostic factor for OS in sAML (hazard ratio 2.67; 95% CI: 1.33–5.37; P = 0.006). Patients with dnAML and complex karyotype carried sAML‐associated defects (TP53 defects in 54.5%, deletions targeting FOXP1 and ETV6 loci in 45.4% of the cases). We identified several co‐occurring lesions associated with either sAML or dnAML diagnosis. Our data suggest that distinct genetic lesions drive leukemogenesis in sAML. High karyotype complexity of sAML patients does not influence OS. Somatic mutations in TP53 are the only independent adverse prognostic factor in sAML. Patients with dnAML and complex karyotype show genetic features associated with sAML and myeloproliferative neoplasms. Am. J. Hematol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Application of fine crystal adhesion to growth acceleration of NaCl seed crystal—effect of number ratio of fine crystals on growth phenomena
Authors: Wada Yoshinari , Matsumoto Masakazu , Onoe Kaoru
Published: July 2012

With the use of fine crystal adhesion to seed crystals, a crystallization technique that enables to increase the growth rate of seed crystals was developed. For the crystallization of sodium chloride (NaCl) in which temperature dependence of solubility for an aqueous solution is low, the seed crystal number was set among 200–2.7 × 106 kg−1, and the fine crystal number was varied in the range from 0.7×106 to 2.7×106 kg−1 by mixing the unsaturated solution into the supersaturated solution. The effects of the number ratio of fine crystals based on seed crystal number on growth phenomena of fine and seed crystals were investigated. The seed crystal surface was observed using a microscope technique. When the number ratio of fine crystals was varied among 1.0–2.1 × 104, the growth rate of seed crystals showed an increasing tendency with an increase in the number ratio of fine crystals. Furthermore, the number of seed crystals was up to 2.7 × 106 kg−1: the surface smoothness of seed crystal was increased with decreasing the number ratio of fine crystals. The rate constant of seed crystal growth showed an increasing relation against the logarithmic value of the number ratio of fine with seed crystals. © 2012 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adsorption of palladium and platinum from aqueous solutions by chitosan and activated carbon coated with chitosan
Authors: Sharififard Hakimeh , Zokaee Ashtiani Farzin , Soleimani Mansooreh
Published: July 2012

In this work, the potential of chitosan and activated carbon coated with chitosan for palladium and platinum adsorption from aqueous solutions was investigated. The observed results showed that the optimum operating conditions for palladium and platinum adsorption on chitosan were initial pH 2, particle size of adsorbent = 0.21 mm and adsorbent dose = 10 g/L. Equilibrium studies showed that palladium and platinum adsorption on chitosan was of spontaneous and exothermic nature. Equilibrium results fitted with Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin‐Radushkevich models for two adsorbents. The maximum adsorption capacities for palladium and platinum adsorption were 62.50 and 66.66 mg/g of chitosan and 43.48 and 52.63 mg/g of activated carbon coated with chitosan, respectively. Kinetic data were found to confirm pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. © 2012 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of Hg2+ on the bioluminescence of Photobacterium leiognathi
Authors: Li Ming , Wang Jingxue , Lin Hong
Published: July 2012

Photobacteria were used as test objects for rapid monitoring of ecotoxicants. Specific inhibitory effects of Hg2+ on bioluminescence and cell growth as well as the lux gene expression of Photobacterium leiognathi were studied. The 3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction assay was used to evaluate cellular proliferation and mortality. The luminescent inhibition effect on P. leiognathi cells was found to increase as cellular mortality increased; y = 0.744x ‐ 4.8916, R² = 0.9794. However, this trend was not observed in cell growth processes. Quantitation of lux mRNAs by semi‐quantitative RT‐qPCR indicated that increases and decreases in luciferase mRNA integral level coincided with changes in luminescence intensity (R2 = 0.93). Addition of Hg2+ changed luminescence but without concomitant changes in extractable luciferase activity. Nevertheless, the presence of Hg2+ changed lux gene expression. This phenomenon requires further research. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of estradiol valerate in pharmaceutical preparations and human serum by flow injection chemiluminescence
Authors: Liu Wenwen , Xie Liangxiao , Liu Hongshuang , Xu Shichao , Hu Bingcheng , Cao Wei
Published: July 2012

A novel method for the detection of trace estradiol valerate (EV) in pharmaceutical preparations and human serum was developed by inhibition of luminol chemiluminescence (CL) by estradiol valerate on the zinc deuteroporphyrin (ZnDP)‐enhanced luminol‐K3Fe(CN)6 chemiluminescence system. Under optimized experimental conditions, CL intensity and concentration of estradiol valerate had a good linear relationship in the ranges of 8.0 × 10‐8 to 1.0 × 10‐5 g/mL. Detection limit (3σ) was estimated to be 3.5 × 10‐8 g/mL. The proposed method was applied successfully for the determination of estradiol valerate in pharmaceutical preparations and human serum and recoveries were 97.0‐105.0% and 95.5‐106.0%, respectively. The possible mechanism of the CL system is discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Quest for New Mild and Selective Modifications of Natural Structures: Laccase‐Catalysed Oxidation of Ergot Alkaloids Leads to Unexpected Stereoselective C‐4 Hydroxylation
Authors: Chirivì Cosimo , Fontana Gabriele , Monti Daniela , Ottolina Gianluca , Riva Sergio , Danieli Bruno
Published: July 2012

Laccase‐catalysed oxidation of ergot alkaloids in the absence of chemical mediators allowed the unexpected isolation of the mono‐hydroxylated derivatives of compounds 2–7. Structure determination by NMR techniques clearly indicated that hydroxylation took place at the C‐4 benzylic position. Quite notably, the proposed protocol allowed, for the first time, functionalisation at the C‐4 position of the ergoline skeleton. Depending on the absence or on the presence of a C‐10 α‐methoxy substituent, hydroxylation was either stereoselective (furnishing C‐4α OH derivatives) or gave rise to a C‐4α/C‐4β OH mixture in a 2:1 ratio, respectively.
HDKV: supporting efficient high‐dimensional similarity search in key‐value stores
Authors: Zhou Wei , Han Jizhong , Zhang Zhang , Dai Jiao , Xu Zhiyong
Published: July 2012

Key‐value stores are widely used on large‐scale data management in the cloud environment. However, they can only naturally support key‐based queries, and do not have efficient solutions for value‐based queries. Thus, dealing with high‐dimensional data in key‐value stores is still a big challenge. State‐of‐the‐art solutions apply value‐based tree‐structure indexes to solve this issue. These methods suffer from the curse of dimensionality and cannot achieve satisfactory performance. They also bring serious load unbalancing problem among servers, and result in dramatic system scalability degradation.

Meanwhile, similarity search in high‐dimensional data space becomes more and more popular in today's cloud applications. Due to the lack of efficient algorithms for value‐based queries, users have to wait for a long time before the results are returned. To address this issue, we propose a novel approach called high‐dimensional similarity query in key‐value stores (HDKV), which can generate similarity results in a short time and maintain good database scalability. In HDKV, a strict order‐preserving hash function is designed to map nearby objects in the high‐dimensional space onto adjacent keys of a continuous linear space in key‐value stores. With this strategy, many expensive random accesses are replaced with more efficient scan accesses. The experimental evaluation on real world data set shows that compared to the state‐of‐the‐art methods, HDKV can dramatically reduce the search time with little impact on the accuracy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Boosting the 3D thermal‐aware floorplanning problem through a master‐worker parallel MOEA
Authors: Arnaldo Ignacio , Cuesta‐Infante Alfredo , Manuel Colmenar J. , Risco‐Martín José L. , Ayala José L.
Published: July 2012

The increasing transistor scale integration poses, among others, the thermal‐aware floorplanning problem consisting of how to place the hardware components in order to reduce overheating by dissipation. Because of the huge amount of feasible floorplans, most of the solutions found in the literature include an evolutionary algorithm for, either partially or completely, carrying out the task of floorplanning. Evolutionary algorithms usually have a bottleneck in the fitness evaluation. In the problem of thermal‐aware floorplanning, the layout evaluation by the thermal model takes 99.5% of the computational time for the best floorplanning algorithm proposed so far. The contribution of this paper is to present a parallelization of this evaluation phase in a master‐worker model to achieve a dramatic speed‐up of the thermal‐aware floorplanning process. Exhaustive experimentation was carried out over 3D integrated circuits, with 48 and 128 cores, outperforming previous published works. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fluorene‐Containing Organic Photosensitizers for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Wu Chun‐Guey , Chung Ming‐Fong , Tsai Hui‐Hsu Gavin , Tan Chun‐Jui , Chen Su‐Chien , Chang Chiao‐Hsin , Shih Ting‐Wen
Published: July 2012

Seven new donor–spacer–acceptor metal‐free organic dyes containing a fluorene and/or thiophene unit as a conjugated spacer are prepared and their physicochemical properties as well as photovoltaic performance are studied. The electron transfer from donor to acceptor upon excitation of these dyes is sensitive to the conjugated spacers. If a stronger donor moiety such as (ethylenedioxy)thiophene is used as a spacer, such as in F‐E1 dye, the dye molecule has a better charge separation and therefore high efficiency. Furthermore, for the same donor and acceptor, fluorene is a better conjugated spacer than the bithiophene moiety because of its nonplanar conformation, which avoids the electron–hole recombination of dye upon photoexcitation. Short molecules with planar conformation aggregate easily, and the corresponding device reveals low open‐circuit voltage Voc. On the other hand, dye molecules with long alkyl side chains (large size) adsorb less on the TiO2 electrode, which results in a smaller short‐circuit current density Jsc. The difference in the efficiency of these dyes is small except for F‐1 (owing to its short conjugation length), and electron density difference map analyses reveal that photoexcitation transfer of electron density from the donating moieties toward the acceptor/anchoring units occurs for all molecules. The small difference in the efficiency is attributed partly to the degree of effective charge transfer upon excitation, not totally to the absorption profile of the dye molecules. Furthermore, time‐dependent DFT simulated absorption spectra are in excellent agreement with experimental spectra when the dyes are in their protonated states in THF solution. The transition probability calculated with the electron density difference analyses combined with the absorption data and photovoltaic performance provide useful information for designing organic sensitizers for dye‐sensitized solar cells.
Synthesis of Oxa‐B‐Ring Analogs of Colchicine through Rh‐Catalyzed Intramolecular [5+2] Cycloaddition
Authors: Termath Andreas Ole , Ritter Stefanie , König Marcel , Kranz Darius Paul , Neudörfl Jörg‐Martin , Prokop Aram , Schmalz Hans‐Günther
Published: July 2012

A synthetic approach towards (5R)‐5‐methyl‐6‐oxa‐desacetamido colchicine as a conformationally defined non‐natural colchicine analog with a modified B‐ring was undertaken. The synthetic strategy was based on a Rh‐catalyzed cascade reaction involving a [5+2] cycloaddition of a carbonyl ylide intermediate as a key step, in which both seven‐membered rings of the polycyclic framework are formed in a single operation. Starting from 2‐iodo‐3,4,5‐trimethoxy‐acetophenone, an upper side‐chain was constructed through enantioselective CBS reduction (up to 75 % ee) and propargylation, while a lower succinoyl side‐chain was attached either throughiodine–magnesium–copper exchange and subsequent reaction with methyl 4‐chloro‐4‐oxobutanoate, or by Pd‐catalyzed Stille cross‐coupling with 2‐tributylstannyl‐5‐methoxyfuran followed by hydrolytic furan‐opening. Treatment of an α‐diazoketone intermediate with Rh2(OAc)4 (3 mol‐%)initiated the diastereoselective key cyclization cascade (≥97:3 dr). Treatment of the cycloadduct 3 with Et2AlCl afforded an interesting 11,12‐dihydrocolchicine analog 24, which, however, could not be oxidized to the corresponding tropolone. Structural assignments were confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. While compounds 3 and 24 did not exhibit noteworthy cytotoxic activity by themselves, they were found to strongly enhance the cytostatic (apoptosis‐inducing) activity of doxorubicin against resistant Nalm‐6 cells (i.e., in a synergy effect).