bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Favelas at the biennale: Exhibiting Brazilian informality in Europe
Authors: Kalkman Simone
Published: December 2018

Brazilian favelas have become world-famous through representations in cinema, tourism and art. This article discusses engagements with Brazilian favelas in art and architecture, focusing on the 2016 Venice Biennale of Architecture. This exhibition is analysed as a practice of worlding, focusing on how artists and curators transform favelas into objects to be seen, experienced and thought about. The article shows that the incorporation of favelas into European art contexts is inextricably related, first, to imaginaries of Brazilian nationality and, second, to the idea that the global North can learn from favelas. Building on this, I argue that ethical and epistemological questions are inextricably intertwined when exhibiting Brazilian favelas in Europe, which implies recognizing the complicity of academic research in this process of knowledge production.
Urban encounters: Performance and making urban worlds
Authors: Swanton Dan
Published: December 2018

This article develops how urban encounters have been theorized and mobilized across the social sciences to emphasize the ordinary and unspectacular ways in which people live together in cities in response to widespread talk of a crisis of multiculturalism. Situated in the contact zone between social science disciplines and arts practice, the article argues for performative and more political theorizations of spaces of encounter. Focusing on photographer Mahtab Hussain’s project You Get Me? (2017), the article examines how photographic portraits offer one example of a performative encounter that takes up as a position in the politics of lived experience by carving out spaces where difference might be encountered in new ways, and by challenging viewers to imagine and enact new ways of being-in-common.
Seeing the self in the world: Attending to banal globalism in urban visual cultures
Authors: Ferdinand Simon
Published: December 2018

Urban visual cultures are permeated by images of the global earth. From environmentalist posters presenting fragile whole earths, to logos that brand international corporations, these visual figures have dissolved into the scarcely scrutinized backdrop of everyday practice. This short article underlines the significance of this ‘banal globalism’ as the condition in which global discourses shape identities and frame experience in ways that elude conscious disputation. It indicates two complexities surrounding banal globalism. First I stress how the inconspicuousness and seeming triviality of banal global images exceed critical approaches based on the concentrated reading of visual objects. Then I indicate how such focused analysis can uncover rich and strange global visions that might otherwise be overlooked as part of the quotidian urban backdrop.
Radio regulation and market strategies in Portugal: Towards the consolidation and musicalization of operations
Authors: Silva Elsa Costa e
Published: December 2018

Radio market in Portugal has been consistently portrayed as being economically fragile with financial weaknesses. A new radio law, passed in 2010, significantly reshaped the scope of radio activity and changed concentration restrictions, thus placing Portugal in the track of the neo-liberal context. This article identifies the changes produced in radio market from 2010 to 2015 by this change, analysing the strategies of radio stations that are reported to the Portuguese regulation media agency. The following trends were identified: a concentration strategy followed by major media groups in Portugal, through formal ownership transactions and through strategic partnerships with local broadcasters; little investment by small scale radio groups at the regional level; a strategic option in live music events, musical content and disinvestment in news; a branding association between radios and music festivals. Over the time, radio has become even more commercial-oriented (with some stations even adopting the name of telecommunications brands) and has gone outside the airwaves, which has reinforced the weight of non-traditional revenues (NTR) of their operations.
La comprensión sintáctica en la afasia. Una herramienta de evaluación con cláusulas relativas
Authors: Sánchez María Elina , Fuchs Martín , Taboh Analí , Barreyro Juan Pablo , Jaichenco Virginia
Published: December 2018

Este trabajo tuvo con objetivo probar un instrumento de evaluación de los déficits en la comprensión de oraciones de sujetos con afasia (SCA) en español e investigar si permite distinguir perfiles entre pacientes. Se diseñó una tarea de emparejamiento oración-dibujo y se manipuló el tipo de estructura sintáctica: oraciones con cláusulas relativas de sujeto (RS- El gato que muerde al conejo es rosa) y de objeto (RO- El gato al que muerde el conejo es rosa). La prueba se administró a 151 hablantes nativos de español, divididos en 3 grupos de edad y en 3 niveles de escolaridad como grupo control y a 5 SCA. Los resultados mostraron que en el grupo control existe una fuerte interacción entre el tipo de oración y el nivel de escolaridad, con más errores en las oraciones RO a medida que disminuye el nivel de escolaridad. Tres SCA (AG, RD y RR) se diferenciaron de su grupo de control sólo en las RO, un SCA (OV) en ambas estructuras y el sujeto RC rindió igual que su grupo control en los dos tipos de oraciones. Los datos nos permiten discutir la sensibilidad de la prueba para detectar alteraciones específicas de la comprensión sintáctica de personas con afasia hablantes del español y discriminar pacientes con diferentes perfiles de afasia.
Contextos locales e internacionales de publicación científica: análisis retórico-discursivo de los resúmenes de artículos de investigación en inglés en el ámbito de la sociología
Authors: Lorés Sanz Rosa , Murillo Ornat Silvia
Published: December 2018

Los abstracts desempeñan un importante papel como herramientas que permiten ahorrar tiempo y gestionar la información. Muchas revistas académicas nacionales no anglófonas requieren que los autores redacten una versión en inglés de estas secciones. En este artículo nos proponemos identificar y analizar los patrones retóricos y léxico-gramaticales (fraseología) que caracterizan a los abstracts escritos en español y traducidos al inglés, publicados en revistas nacionales (españolas). Estos textos se comparan con abstracts escritos en inglés como lengua franca (ILF) y publicados en revistas internacionales. Para tales fines, se consideran 30 abstracts de cada contexto lingua-cultural. La disciplina elegida es la Sociología, un campo en el que los investigadores españoles han comenzado a publicar recientemente a nivel internacional. Los resultados muestran que los abstracts traducidos al inglés presentan diversas similitudes y diferencias. Las diferencias pueden interpretarse como el resultado de la influencia de ciertos patrones de la escritura académica en español.
Características lingüísticas que afectan la adquisición de la morfología derivativa nominal en inglés como L2
Authors: Vargas Vega Brenda , Velásquez Ugpegui Eva Patricia
Published: December 2018

Los estudios morfológicos de adquisición de L2 han evaluado principalmente el conocimiento sintáctico de los morfemas derivativos. En este artículo se presenta una propuesta para evaluar el conocimiento distribucional de algunos nominalizadores deverbales con el objetivo de determinar qué características morfológicas y léxicas tienen mayor incidencia en su aprendizaje cuando estos sufijos generan el valor semántico de resultado. Las variables a estudiar fueron el nivel de dificultad y la productividad del sufijo; así como la propiedad de cognado y la frecuencia de las palabras que generan. Los datos provienen de una modificación a la prueba de derivación de Carlisle (2000) aplicada a 130 universitarios mexicanos. Los resultados muestran que las cuatro características tienen un efecto significativo en la adquisición, aunque el bajo nivel de dificultad del morfema es la característica que más facilita el aprendizaje de los nominalizadores para hablantes nativos de español, presentando implicaciones pedagógicas y metodológicas.
The perception of destination competitiveness by tourists
Authors: Amaya-Molinar Carlos Mario , Sosa-Ferreira Ana Pricila , Ochoa-Llamas Ileana , Moncada-Jiménez Pedro
Published: December 2018

Based on a review of the academic literature this study identifies some of the most frequently mentioned factors and indicators in the field of a tourist destination competitiveness to design a survey subsequently conducted among tourists in Cancun, México. An exploratory factor analysis was performed with the collected data; the result was the reduction from twelve competitiveness factors most commonly mentioned in academic literature to five: Destination marketing and attractions, Destination management and security, Cultural heritage, ICT adoption and Transportation. The study confirms the contributions of several works on the subject while some others common assumptions found in the literature could not be corroborated.
El impacto ambiental del turismo internacional: caso de la huella de carbono de los vuelos internacionales hacia Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, México.
Authors: Peniche Camps Salvador , Laure Arturo , Cázares Lizett
Published: December 2018

En este documento se analiza que, si bien el sector turístico ha sido de gran importancia para la economía mexicana en el ámbito macroeconómico, en los últimos años el impacto socio ambiental de esta actividad económica es elevado. Se sabe que el modelo transnacional del turismo está desvinculado de las cadenas locales de valor. El turismo de alto ingreso raramente se encuentre inserto en las estructuras económicas locales. En México, por ejemplo, gran parte de los ingresos provenientes del turismo internacional se exportan por la vía de los ingresos de las cadenas hoteleras y la organización de los circuitos turísticos o los costos de aerotransporte. Por otro lado, gran porcentaje de la ventaja competitiva del sector es producto de la externalización de los costos sociales y ambientales. Lo anterior se debe a que, por una parte, los salarios de los trabajadores de los servicios turísticos no pueden competir con los de los países industrializados y a que, frecuentemente, las instalaciones turísticas extranjeras, especialmente las hoteleras, se les ha permitido localizarse en zonas extremadamente sensibles para el equilibrio ecológico local. Los “ahorros” derivados de estas prácticas permiten al turismo “mexicano” competir a escala mundial en el sector. El artículo que se presenta, se explora un aspecto particular del subsidio ambiental de la actividad turística: la huella de carbono producida por los vuelos internacionales en el caso de uno de los destinos turísticos más importantes de nuestro país, Puerto Vallarta.
El efecto de la motivación de viaje sobre la satisfacción del turista a través de las dimensiones de la imagen de destino: El caso del turismo urbano de ocio a Monterrey, México.
Authors: Olague José T. , Flores Villanueva Cesario Armando , Garza Villegas Juan Baldemar
Published: December 2018

El tema de este trabajo es el efecto determinante de la motivación de viaje sobre la satisfacción del turista teniendo como variables mediadoras a los dos componentes de la imagen percibida del destino en un contexto de turistas de ocio a la ciudad de Monterrey, México. A través de un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales por medio de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS)  fue posible la identificación de los principales indicadores observables de la motivación de viaje de los turistas y obtener evidencia de su papel causal predictivo sobre la satisfacción del turista. En dicha relación, dos componentes principales de la imagen demostraron un efecto mediador para los cuales igualmente quedaron establecidos sus indicadores observables, así como su relación causa – efecto. Con ello se pudo establecer qué aspectos de la motivación son los más importantes para los turistas y vincularlos con la satisfacción del turista y a su vez establecer aquellos aspectos (afectivos y cognitivos) mejor valorados en las percepciones sobre el destino. Finalmente, a modo de conclusión, se emiten recomendaciones generales para la gestión del producto turístico urbano.
The Routledge International Handbook of Walking
Authors: Lopez Lucrezia
Published: December 2018

Reseña del libro: C. Michael Hall, Yael Ram y Noam Shoval(2018). The Routledge International Handbook of Walking. Routledge. London. ISBN: 9781032339542, 440 pp.
La importancia de los valores transmitidos por el profesorado de secundaria para una mejor convivencia escolar
Authors: García Vidal Marcos , Ortega Navas M.ª del Carmen , Sola Reche José M.ª
Published: December 2018

La mejora de la convivencia escolar preocupa mucho a las comunidades educativas, siendo una de sus prioridades. El objetivo de este trabajo es doble: por un lado, profundizar en la realidad de los docentes respecto a los problemas que afrontan en las aulas; por otro, analizar en qué medida la axiología forma parte de la realidad de los docentes como método para optimizar el clima de convivencia en el aula. La metodología de estudio elegida ha sido analítico-descriptiva de carácter transversal y las técnicas de medición utilizadas de corte cuantitativo. La muestra la componen 282 docentes de los Institutos de Educación Secundaria de la Comunidad Valenciana. Entre los resultados más importantes destacamos que la mayoría de los docentes están de acuerdo en la importancia que tienen la educación y la formación permanente en valores para transmitirla a sus alumnos y mejorar el clima en el aula.
El cuerpo y el tiempo: márgenes del lugar y el no lugar en las experiencias educativas
Authors: Jaramillo Ocampo Diego Armando , Restrepo-Jaramillo Luis Guillermo
Published: December 2018

El ser humano es, en tanto humano, un cuerpo que se expone permanentemente al paso del tiempo, a las inclemencias del mundo, a la fragilidad de la vida. El ser humano como corporeidad nace en un contexto, en un lugar y en una cultura; sin embargo, su plasticidad y multidimensionalidad resignifican el contexto. Sus relaciones con los otros y consigo mismo definen el lugar y el no lugar como escenarios de encuentro y relaciones. La educación como lugar de encuentro, hace posible la donación y la entrega que parten del cuerpo del maestro para su aprendiz, una relación sin contrato ni acuerdo, un gesto ético que emerge como promesa de un mejor porvenir en el que las experiencias educativas acontecen y con ellas, el nombre propio del otro.
El pensamiento crítico en crisis. Una reconsideración pedagógica en tres movimientos
Authors: Standish Paul , Thoilliez Bianca
Published: December 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es poner en crisis el tratamiento dominante que recibe la actividad del pensamiento crítico en el ámbito educativo. En concreto, se van a proponer una serie de tres variaciones en el modo de considerar el elemento «crisis» dentro de la conceptualización y práctica del pensamiento crítico. En primer lugar, se propone ofrecer una imagen más real del ser humano, para quien sus dudas e incertidumbres continuas están permanentemente entreveradas y mezcladas. En segundo lugar, se plantea revalorizar la función de la imaginación mostrando su dificultad para ser enseñada a través de una serie de pasos preestablecidos. En tercer lugar, se sugiere valorar más el modo en que los problemas se elaboran, y no solo la perspectiva de cómo llegamos a solucionarlos. El artículo termina proponiendo que la mejor vía para desarrollar un pensamiento más auténticamente crítico es la transmisión de un contenido disciplinar rico en ideas e inserto en una tradición sujeta al diálogo y el debate continuos.
Maestros y discípulos. Anatomía de una relación
Authors: Bárcena Orbe Fernando
Published: December 2018

El propósito de este texto es examinar la relación maestro-discípulo como una relación inscrita en un espacio físico e institucional determinado que propicia un vínculo intelectual, ético y existencial. Se trata de una relación de filiación en la que hay lugar tanto a la seducción legítima (incluso erótica) como a la traición declarada: maestros que traicionan a sus discípulos y discípulos que traicionan a sus maestros. Ayudándonos de las evocaciones que algunos discípulos hacen de sus maestros, de reflexiones filosóficas y referencias literarias, se explorará la naturaleza inquietante, enigmática, misteriosa de esta relación a través de las tensiones que produce.
Mycoplasma bovis arthritis and pneumonia in calves in Jordan: An emerging disease
Authors: Hananeh Wael M. , Al Momani Waleed M. , Ababneh Mustafa M. , Abutarbush Sameeh M.
Published: December 2018

Aim: Clinical, microbiological, molecular, and pathological assays were undertaken to characterize an outbreak of increasingly reported signs of unresponsive arthritis and pneumonia of Mycoplasma bovis infection in young calves in Jordan. Materials and Methods: Clinical history of the affected bovine herd was investigated for the presence of respiratory and/ or joint problems. Two calves with such history were clinically examined and necropsied. Representative tissues were sent for microbiological, molecular, and pathological examinations for M. bovis infection. Results: The outbreak started in a herd of 220 nursing calves, 2 months before the receiving of two calves for postmortem examination. Clinically, respiratory signs and infection of one or more joints dominated in the affected calves. The morbidity and case fatality rates were 27.27% and 61.7%, respectively. The left carpal joint was markedly swollen in both calves and exhibited necrofibrinous to granulomatous arthritis in varying degrees of severity. The anteroventral lung lobes in both calves were consistently affected and revealed multifocal to coalescing severe necrogranulomatous and fibrinopurulent bronchopneumonia. Microbiological and molecular findings confirmed the pathological examination. Furthermore, bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) was diagnosed in one calf by histopathology and polymerase chain reaction. Conclusion: This investigation reports the first outbreak of M. bovis infection in calves located in Jordan that could occur concurrently with BVD.
Middle Ages on the Margins. Gábor Borbély: Quarrelling Angels. Introduction to Medieval Philosophy
Authors: Simon József
Published: December 2018

Middle Ages on the Margins. Gábor Borbély: Quarrelling Angels. Introduction to Medieval Philosophy. (Review)

Borbély Gábor: Quarrelling Angels. Introduction to Medieval Philosophy. Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadó, 2008.
To enter the circle: Brigitta Balogh’s reading of Hegel – Brigitta Balogh: The Spirit and Time. Identity, action and temporality in Hegel’s ‘The Phenomenology of Reason.’
Authors: Erdélyi Mátyás
Published: December 2018

To enter the circle: Brigitta Balogh’s reading of Hegel – Brigitta Balogh, The Spirit and Time: Identity, action and temporality in Hegel’s ‘The Phenomenology of Reason’ (Review)

Brigitta Balogh, The Spirit and Time: Identity, action and temporality in Hegel’s ‘The Phenomenology of Reason.’ Budapest, L’Harmattan, 2009.
Philosophy in Images: Analogies in Diderot’s D’Alembert’s Dream
Authors: Székesi Dóra
Published: December 2018

In the 18th century literature and the sciences were considered complementary to each other. The Encyclopaedia’s entries explain that sciences help the improvement of literature, while science is made enjoyable by literature. Similarly, Diderot explains that philosophy, literature and the sciences assist each other. Diderot’s materialist philosophy of nature holds that nature has never been and will never be the same as one sees it in the present because the material of the Universe is always in motion. Therefore it is not sufficient to contemplate what is given in nature but all its possible versions should be accounted for. One can reveal necessary connections in nature by relying on one’s imagination, observations and suppositions. Diderot often reflects on the problem of the language of philosophy, and he uses many images in his philosophical texts that create his unique style. Senguin claims Diderot has created “the philosophy of images.” The paper names these images “analogies” and defines analogy as one version of the simile.

The paper argues that Diderot relies on analogies to describe processes of the human body, and that these analogies function to trigger the imagination of the reader. Diderot’s use of rhetorical tropes in philosophical and scientific texts were often criticized by his contemporaries, as there was no sufficient vocabulary to describe this style at the time. The paper claims that the analysis of how literary, philosophical, and scientific discourses interact in texts of the 18th century shows what the contemporary debate on style was about.
Machiavelli and the relativism of value criticism
Authors: Simon József
Published: December 2018

Machiavelli’s reception is deeply divided. He has been both criticized as the evil executioner of state interests and celebrated as the representative of genuine Republicanism, the only person with an efficient and humane answer to challenges of historical determinism. These readings would suggest that his work belongs to the area of political philosophy, yet his philosophy cannot be surveyed without considering general aspects of value and the metaphysics of history. Machiavelli critiques the idea of objective value without a historical context: he basically maintains that the ontology of values is historical and that history has ontological relevance. He practically starts out with a project in ideology criticism, and this lays the foundation of his model of the historical event as a rhetorical space in which virtue (virtừ) manifests itself. His model of the historical event not only discredits any given theory of value but also projects a possibility of agency and innovation in history against historical determinism. In his model historical contents appear as elements of a rhetorical debate for keeping or acquiring power. Of course, throughout his work there is always a danger for regressing into an ahistorical model or axiology of history.

The paper claims that the accusation of “Machiavellian immorality” cannot be validated according to its vulgar sense but is rather the characteristic of a moral criticism that would like to secure the preconditions of history. The paper reads The Prince not as a reference letter to monarchic power but rather as a systematization of history. It is not a series of loosely linked historical event and anecdotes but a rhetorical analysis of the formal structures of history. In this sense, The Prince can be compared to Nietzsche’s debated ideas on value and history.
The metamorphosis of the soul. an attempt to read ancient philosophy as a praxis of life – Pierre Hadot, Philosophy as a Way of Life: Spiritual Exercises from Socrates to Foucault.
Authors: Faragó Emese
Published: December 2018

The metamorphosis of the soul. An attempt to read ancient philosophy as a praxis of life – Pierre Hadot: Philosophy as a Way of Life: Spiritual Exercises from Socrates to Foucault. (Review)

Hadot, Pierre: Philosophy as a Way of Life: Spiritual Exercises from Socrates to Foucault. Trans. Ákos Cseke. Budapest, Kairosz, 2010.
On the everyday language of logics
Authors: Horváth Zoltán
Published: December 2018

The paper investigates the question if formal logic is a valid tool for analysing everyday speech in Strawson, Quine, and Russell. Strawson accuses Russel of wanting to cleanse language of reference through logical analysis. In contrast to Russell, Strawson claims it is an illusion to think that formal logic is a valid tool for analysing everyday language and reference can be eliminated from it. Quine, similarly to Russell, considers logic the ideal analytical tool from which reference can be eliminated.

Yet both Strawson’s and Quine’s positions agree that everyday language use “has no logic.” One of them claims that this is why everyday language cannot be re-presented via logic, while the other maintains that is why everyday language has to be replaced by logic. Based on Russell, the paper argues that formal logic can indeed process referential expressions from everyday language use.
The relation of subject and memory in Bergson’s philosophy
Authors: Radi Ingrid
Published: December 2018

The paper investigates the concepts ’subject’ and ’memory’ and their relation in Bergson’s philosophy. The main issue is whether memories constitute the subject or it is the subject that re-collects its memories, thereby reconstituting itself continually. The paper starts out from Bergson’s Matter and Memory (1896), in which Bergson aimed at escaping the boundaries of dualism. He was looking for a third method in order to unify the opposition of the previous two by relying on the method of direct experience and the logic of common sense, not on analytical-synthetizing reason. He studied the connection and interaction of mind and matter to reveal the mysterious workings of memory. He insists on one principle, that “the whole is more than the sum of its parts.”
The transcendent infinite and the immanent infinite
Authors: Czétány György
Published: December 2018

The paper makes a distinction between the transcendent infinite and the immanent infinite. The transcendent infinite means the infiniteness of a necessity beyond conditions. In contrast, the immanent infinite means an infinite within conditions. The first part of the paper brings three examples for the immanent infinite from works by Thomas of Acquinas, Immanuel Kant, and Emmanuel Levinas. These examples can be related to the concept of the transcendent infinite as well. The second part surveys two complementary versions of immanent infinite in Hegel and Deleuze. Finally, the example of the differential calculus in Hegel and in Deleuze serves to illustrate the differences between two concepts of the immanent infinite.
Ethics and tragedy from antique through modern theories of drama
Authors: Faragó Emese
Published: December 2018

In Antique theories of drama the connection between ethics and tragedy was a fact. Since the time of the Enlightenment theories of tragedy, aesthetic aspects have come to the fore at the expense of ethical concerns. Yet, in classical theories of drama aesthetic effects still function to drive home moral aims. In modern drama theories, however, one can find an analysis of tragedy devoid of any ethical consideration. The paper argues that even aesthetically oriented Modern theories of drama should consider ethical aspects, as the main aesthetic effect of tragedy, catharsis, can only be made sense of from the perspective of ethics.
Blaise Pascal: The wisdom of love
Authors: Pavlovits Tamás
Published: December 2018

Introduction to the essays in the thematic section titled Blaise Pascal: The wisdom of love.
Moral responsibility as the condition of moral value
Authors: Bernáth László
Published: December 2018

Several moral philosophers argue that being morally responsible for an action is not the precondition for the moral value of an action. This thesis is called the independence-thesis, a position I argue against and falsify here. The paper surveys those arguments for and against the independence-thesis that are based on moral practice. The first part of the paper refutes the only argument in favour of the independence-thesis, and the second part justifies two arguments against it.
Deviant causal chains and intentional action
Authors: Nyárfádi Krisztián
Published: December 2018

There is a classical argument against the the so called "causal theory of action": the argument from deviant causal chains. This essay tries to show that this argument is not so strong as it first might seem to be, essentialy because the are promising answers to the argument. I reconstruct a strategy (exemplified by Searle and Mele) that can alleviate that concern stems from the deviant examples.
The political function of the sage in Stoicism
Authors: Hendrik Nikoletta
Published: December 2018

The paper investigates changing ideals of stoicism from the perspective of political philosophy. In the early stoa, the sage was idealized, while in the middle and late period, the ideal of the prokopton became the centre of philosophical attention. In the argument I distinguish between two political models. In one of the models, sages have an actual role, while in the other they do not. In the second model it is only the ideal of the sage that helps create and maintain the political system most in harmony with natural law.
Mocroevolution, minimalism, and the paleobiological revolution
Authors: Bárdos Dániel
Published: December 2018

It is a basic question of evolutionary theory what sort of connections there are between microevolutionary and macroevolutionary processes, i. e. between changes below the level of species in the present and changes above the level of a given species in the long run. The paper argues that this question about the structure of evolutionary theory cannot be answered just by comparing arguments by modern synthesis theory on the one hand and those of paleobiology on the other. Modern synthesis theory remains sceptical of the use of microevolutionary mechanisms, while paleobiology maintains their importance. The paper claim that the question can only be answered within the context of the history of science that has been shaping it since the publication of Darwin’s The Origin of Species. So the question about the use of microevolutionary mechanisms should be considered to be a struggle about the scope of evolutionary science and its methodologies rather than a scientific question about the reducibility of macroevolution.
Ananke and Peitho: About Timaios 48A
Authors: Rosta Kosztasz
Published: December 2018

The article addresses the question of how to interpret the case that the Demiurgos makes Necessity (Ananke) cooperate through persuasion (Peitho) in Timaios 48A. After a brief survey of possibilities, I argue for Cornford’s interpretation, namely that Plato is using the concept of compromise here from Aeschylus’s The Eumenides. Yet, this is no simple paraphrase, because it is based on a scheme related to Athenian self-definition and forms the core of the taming-civilizing frame of reference of both texts
The Transcendental Illusion of History
Authors: Czétány György
Published: December 2018

The paper forms one chapter of the upcoming book to be titled The Rise and History of Transcendental Illusion. The book project relies on the terminology of critical transcendental philosophy in order to analyse and criticise the process of how synthetic principles function in the constitution of actual reality. The article aims at studying the relation of history and synthetic principles in particular:  how in certain historical periods certain synthetic principles dominate the constitution of reality. The core question is how cyclic, linear, or contingent philosophies of history come into being in certain periods of socio-cultural development.
A gödeli monadológia (első rész)
Authors: Moldvay Tamás
Published: December 2018

Kurt Gödel életében a nem-teljességi tételei közreadása után két nevezetes esemény történik: paranoiássá válik, és elkötelezi magát a leibnizi monadológia mellett. „Az elméletem monadológia, benne egy központi monásszal (Istennel). Általános struktúráját tekintve olyan, mint Leibniz monadológiája”, nyilatkozza Gödel a 70-es években, néhány évvel a halála előtt. A paranoiás Gödel ugyanakkor egész életében retteg a rossz aknamunkájától és menekül az ördög elől – a lehetséges világok legjobbikában, Leibniz monadikus univerzumában. A jelen esszé ebben a feszültségi térben kalandozva szegez alapvető rendszertani kérdéseket mind a leibnizi, mind a gödeli monadológiának.
Endothelial Dysfunction in Children with Juvenile Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Turoňová Lenka , Kubejová Kristína , Vorčáková Karolína , Ďurdík Peter , Péčová Tatiana , Martinásková Klára
Published: December 2018

Background: To evaluate the presence of endothelial dysfunction in Slovak children with juvenile psoriatic arthritis in the absence of classic cardiovascular risk factors in order to assess its relationship to the disease activity and disability. Methods: 25 juvenile psoriatic arthritis patients (JPSA) and 25 healthy controls aged 6–19 years were enrolled into this study. In all subjects vascular measurements over a period of three years (January 2013 – January 2016) were performed, in accordance with the guidelines for ultrasonographic evaluation of FMD% (flow-mediated endothelial dependent vasodilatation) of the brachial artery. The measured items were compared to the variables reflecting the disease activity and disability. Results: Significantly lower FMD% values in patients with JPSA when compared to healthy controls {mean(SD), median, range: 5.49% (3.77), 3.55, 0.3–13.0 vs. 9.28% (1.72), 9.3, 6.4–13.1} (p < 0.001) have been documented. Strong correlations between FMD% values and disease duration (p < 0.01), non-specific inflammatory markers levels (p < 0.001) or functional disability (p < 0.01) have been observed. Significantly lower FMD% values in patients with an early disease onset (JPSA onset < 5 years of age) when compared to the rest of JPSA group {mean (SD), median, range: 4.39% (2.47), 4.45, 0.9–13.2 vs. 6.38% (1.42), 6.3, 3.2–12.1} (p < 0.01) have also been detected. Conclusion: Study is the only one addressing endothelial dysfunction development in Slovak children with psoriatic arthritides. We state that endothelial dysfunction is present in these patients even during childhood and in the absence of classic cardiovascular risk factors. Its development seems to be related to an early disease onset as well as to the increased disease activity and disability. Potential genetic predictors have also been identified.
Evaluation of Risk Stratification Markers and Models in Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Rationale and Design of the MARS-PE (Mainz Retrospective Study of Pulmonary Embolism) Study Programme
Authors: Keller Karsten , Beule Johannes , Balzer Jörn Oliver , Dippold Wolfgang
Published: December 2018

An acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a crucial event in patients’ life and connected with serious morbidity and mortality. Regarding a high case-fatality rate, early and accurate risk-stratification is crucial. Risk for mortality and complications are closely related to hemodynamic stability and cardiac adaptations. The currently recommended risk-stratification approach is not overall simple to use and might delay the identification of those patients, who should be monitored more closely and may treated with more aggressive treatment strategies. Additionally, some risk-stratification criteria for the imaging procedures are still imprecise. Summarized, the search for the most effective risk-stratification tools is still ongoing and some diagnostic criteria might have to be refined. In the MAinz Retrospective Study of Pulmonary Embolism (MARS-PE), overall 182 consecutive patients with confirmed PE were retrospectively included over a 5-year period. Clinical, echocardiographic, functional and laboratory parameters were assessed. The study was designed to provide answers to some of the mentioned relevant questions.
Polyneuropathy, Myocardial Dysfunction and Pericardial Effusion Following Duodenal Switch
Authors: Mouallem Meir , Margolin Moran Livne , Friedman Yehudit Eden , Blankenfeld Hadas
Published: December 2018

Duodenal Switch procedure is a type of bariatric surgery that was reserved for severely morbid obese people. Patients undergoing this procedure are at high risk for nutrient deficiencies. In this report we present a case of a patient who had developed polyneuropathy, generalized muscle weakness, Wernicke encephalopathy, myocardial dysfunction and pericardial effusion six years following this operation. He was treated by multivitamins and trace elements with a complete resolution of all of these disturbances. The patient was fully rehabilitated.
Dekomunizacja przestrzeni publicznej w Polsce – zarys problematyki
Authors: Kałużna Joanna
Published: December 2018

W artykule poddano analizie zjawisko dekomunizacji przestrzeni publicznej w Polsce, tak w formie inicjatyw podejmowanych w latach 1989–2016, jak i przyjętej 1 kwietnia 2016 roku ustawy – pierwszego aktu prawnego całościowo traktującego o zakazie propagowania komunizmu lub innego ustroju totalitarnego przez nazwy budowli, obiektów i urządzeń użyteczności publicznej na terytorium Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej.
Udział i rola kobiet w negocjacjach pokojowych
Authors: Szpak Agnieszka
Published: December 2018

Rada Bezpieczeństwa ONZ wydała na przestrzeni ostatnich piętnastu lat kilka rezolucji dotyczących roli kobiet w zapobieganiu konfliktom oraz budowaniu pokoju. Pierwszą i przełomową była rezolucja 1325 (2000), w której podkreślono istotne znaczenie równego i pełnego uczestnictwa kobiet w zapobieganiu i rozwiązywaniu konfliktów, budowaniu i utrzymaniu pokoju. Udział kobiet w negocjacjach pokojowych czy szerzej działaniach na rzecz pokoju i bezpieczeństwa jest istotny m.in. dlatego, że istnieje o 35% większa szansa, że porozumienia pokojowe wynegocjowane z udziałem kobiet potrwają co najmniej 15 lat. Artykuł skupia się na instrumentach Rady Bezpieczeństwa ONZ w zakresie zapewnienia większego udziału kobiet w utrzymaniu pokoju i bezpieczeństwa oraz rezultatach wdrażania tych instrumentów.
Imigranci zarobkowi na polskim rynku pracy
Authors: Kacperska Magdalena
Published: December 2018

Polska gospodarka i polski rynek pracy, jako elementy wspólnego rynku UE dają ogromne możliwości zarówno w zakresie handlu i usług, jak i podejmowania działalności gospodarczej oraz zatrudnienia dla obywateli państw członkowskich. Jednak na rynkach pracy krajów członkowskich zatrudniona jest również spora liczba osób spoza granic Unii, czyli tzw. krajów trzecich. Migracje o charakterze zarobkowym stanowią nieodłączną cechę nierównomiernego rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego poszczególnych państw i będą zawsze odgrywały istotną rolę zarówno z punktu widzenia krajów przyjmujących, jak i wysyłających. Starzejące się społeczeństwo i coraz lepsza sytuacja na rynku pracy w Polsce, sprawiają, że wzrasta zapotrzebowanie na pracowników z państw trzecich.
„В хорошем” или „в плохом смысле” — об одном из способов вербализации акта оценки
Authors: Bortnowska Paulina
Published: December 2018

Structures in the good sense and in the bad sense are one of the ways of verbalizing the act of evaluation. What is interesting from the psycholinguistic point of view is their potential to activate a “backward” evaluation of concepts that are well established in the system of language that lies hidden in these structures, on the one hand, and the elements of the dynamics of axiomatic processes in the language that reflect social and cultural changes that can be revealed by them, on the other hand.
Owady w polskim i rosyjskim językowym obrazie świata
Authors: Kuligowska Katarzyna
Published: December 2018

The paper is devoted to insects in Polish and Russian linguistic views of the world. The figurative meanings, derivational potential and semantic connotations of insects’ names, as well as idioms have been analysed to reveal the position of these animals in the language awareness of Poles and Russians.
Жанры меметического интернет-дискурса: IQkartka / аткрытка
Authors: Makarowska Olga
Published: December 2018

The article is dedicated to a new network genre — the someecard as a component of the Polish-speaking and Russian-speaking mimetic Internet discourse. The main task of the research is to reveal the principal features of someecards as an Internet genre. For this purpose, we address a number of issues related to the appearance of this genre and its place among other hybrid genres. The functions of a someecard are set — genre-forming features, features of themes, manifestations of genre creativity and the availability of genre links.
„Безмерно счастлив”. O adwerbialnych wykładnikach wysokiego stopnia intensywności emocji w języku rosyjskim i polskim
Authors: Czapiga Zofia
Published: December 2018

The paper is devoted to adverbial markers of the high level of emotions in Russian and Polish. The following types of intensifiers are analysed: очень, безмерно, крайне, невероятно, невыносимо, необыкновенно, несказанно, сильно, смертельно, страш- но, ужасно, чертовски, чрезвычайно; bardzo, nieprawdopodobnie, niewiarygodnie, niezmiernie, niezwykle, ogromnie, okropnie, piekielnie, potwornie, straszliwie, strasznie, szalenie. They express the level of emotional intensity in a way that is above average. They refer to the emotional state named by an adjective or a participle, an adverb (predicative), or a verb. Most of them serve to intensify both positive and negative emotions.
Тенденция к оптимальной организации системы видовых пара- дигм в русском языке
Authors: Klimonov Vladimir
Published: December 2018

The reorganization of the initial system of aspect paradigms in Old Russian is investigated within the framework of the theory of natural grammar. It is claimed, in accordance with this theory, that the grammatical changes in morphological systems of natural languages are determined by a limited set of typologically relevant markedness principles (naturalness principles or preference laws). These principles explain the attested diachrony of grammatical changes in the system of aspectual paradigms of the Russian verb and predict the general direction in its development. During the historical development of the system of aspectual paradigms in Russian, optimal iconic perfectivizing paradigms are ousting non-optimal countericonic imperfectivizing paradigms as well as non-optimal non-iconic aspectual syncretic paradigms. In contemporary Russian, aspectual paradigms of perfectivization are preferable in terms of competitive aspectual paradigms of imperfectivization and syncretic aspectual paradigms. The share of optimal paradigms of perfectivization is constantly increasing in modern Russian. Consequently, there is direct evidence for the development of the system of Russian aspect paradigms towards optimal organization of aspect paradigms, i.e. towards economy.
Managerial Delegation Contracts, “Green” R&D and Emissions Taxation
Authors: Poyago-Theotoky Joanna , Yong Soo Keong
Published: December 2018

We introduce an explicit environmental incentive into a managerial compensation contract in the context of a Cournot duopoly with pollution externalities under an emissions tax regime. We show that, depending on the effectiveness of “green” R&D, compared to a standard sales compensation contract, the explicit environmental focused contract results in more abatement. As a consequence, the regulator sets a lower emissions tax, and social welfare is higher. Moreover, in general, firm owners earn higher profits when adopting the environmental delegation contract.
Framing the Basic Income: An Experimental Study of How Arguments and Metaphors Influence Individuals’ Opinion Formation
Authors: Legein Thomas , Vandeleene Audrey , Randour François , Heyvaert Pauline , Perrez Julien , Reuchamps Min
Published: December 2018

Using an experimental design, this paper tackles the question of the framing impact of metaphors by focusing on the opportunity to implement a basic income (BI) system in a given polity. We take advantage of the preliminary stage of the BI debate in Belgium to study the influence of discursive strategies on the opinion formation process of individuals, since carefully choosing the arguments employed to address this question can help increase its psychological feasibility. Our experiment aims at determining to what extent the confrontation of individuals to metaphors illustrating the BI system impacts the way they apprehend its implementation. We show that very light variations in an informative text can induce major differences in the opinion formation process of the participants. BI proponents should thus pay attention to which metaphors are put forward in the public debate, as this could modify its outcome.
Comparative biomechanical evaluation of two technologically different microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee joints in safety-relevant daily-life situations
Authors: Bellmann Malte , Köhler Thomas Maximilian , Schmalz Thomas
Published: December 2018

Safety-relevant gait situations (walking on stairs and slopes, walking backwards, walking with small steps, simulated perturbations of swing phase extension) were investigated in a motion analysis laboratory with six unilateral transfemoral amputees using two different microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee joints (Rheo Knee XC, C-Leg). A randomized crossover design was chosen. The study results imply that the performance and safety potential of a microprocessor-controlled knee joint can be associated with the individual control algorithms and the technological concepts that are implemented to generate motion resistances for controlling flexion and extension movements. When walking with small steps, advantages of the “default swing” concept used in the Rheo Knee XC were identified due to a highly reproducible swing phase release. However, when walking backwards, this concept may lead to an uncontrolled knee flexion which partly resulted in falls. When walking down stairs, walking on slopes or while recovering from a stumble after perturbations of the swing phase extension, the C-Leg demonstrated a reliable prosthetic side load-bearing capacity resulting in reduced loading on the residual body. In contrast, the Rheo Knee XC required increased compensatory movements of the remaining locomotor system in order to compensate for reduced load-bearing and safety reserves.
Digital transformation in healthcare – architectures of present and future information technologies
Authors: Gopal Gayatri , Suter-Crazzolara Clemens , Toldo Luca , Eberhardt Werner
Published: December 2018

Healthcare providers all over the world are faced with a single challenge: the need to improve patient outcomes while containing costs. Drivers include an increasing demand for chronic disease management for an aging population, technological advancements and empowered patients taking control of their health experience. The digital transformation in healthcare, through the creation of a rich health data foundation and integration of technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), advanced analytics, Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), is recognized as a key component to tackle these challenges. It can lead to improvements in diagnostics, prevention and patient therapy, ultimately empowering care givers to use an evidence-based approach to improve clinical decisions. Real-time interactions allow a physician to monitor a patient ‘live’, instead of interactions once every few weeks. Operational intelligence ensures efficient utilization of healthcare resources and services provided, thereby optimizing costs. However, procedure-based payments, legacy systems, disparate data sources with the limited adoption of data standards, technical debt, data security and privacy concerns impede the efficient usage of health information to maximize value creation for all healthcare stakeholders. This has led to a highly-regulated, constrained industry. Ultimately, the goal is to improve quality of life and saving people’s lives through the creation of the intelligent healthcare provider, fully enabled to deliver value-based healthcare and a seamless patient experience. Information technologies that enable this goal must be extensible, safe, reliable and affordable, and tailored to the digitalization maturity-level of the individual organization.