bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fouling Resistance of PVDF-Fabric Composite Membrane in Membrane Distillation Desalination
Authors: Huo Rui Ting , Gu Zhen Ya , Zuo Kai Jie , Zhao Guang Ming
Published: November 2010

The strength and the fouling resistance of PVDF membrane prepared by wet phase inversion process can be improved by an innovation in membrane preparation. The prepared flat-sheet PVDF-fabric composite membrane consists of a fabric layer and a PVDF membrane layer. The fouling resistance of the composite membrane in membrane distillation (MD) desalination was investigated by air gap membrane distillation (AGMD), using simulated saline water and high concentration NaCl solution as the feed solutions respectively. The experimental results showed that the water-and-oil repellent finishing of the fabric support had a significant effect on the bonding strength and the fouling resistance of the composite membrane. With the protection of the fabric layer for the PVDF membrane layer, the composite membrane exhibited better fouling resistance as its fabric surface was in contact with the feed solution in MD process, when the fabric support was finished with 2g/L FK-501.
Effect of Compatibilizing Agent on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Wood-Plastic Composites
Authors: Lei Wen , Ding Xiao Yan , Xu Chi
Published: November 2010

Polypropylene and wood flour were used as raw materials,maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene(MAPP) as compatibilizing agent, wood-plastic composite(WPC) was prepared by compression molding process. The effects of the content of MAPP on the mechanical and thermal properties of WPC were investigated. The results show that, with the increase of the content of MAPP, both the tensile and flexural strengths of WPC will increase, and the impact strength of WPC increases first, then decreases, and the impact strength reaches the maximum of 1.18kJ/m2 when the content of MAPP is 4%,which is 76.7% increased from that of the composite without MAPP. Each composite has an obvious heat-absorption peak when melted during 140-170 and the melting enthalpy of WPC increases with the content of MAPP, the melting procedures of all the composites are quite similar with one another. Application of MAPP can improve the thermal stability of WPC
Treatment Materials for Spalling on Loess Slope
Authors: Ye Wan Jun , Yang Geng She , Li Xian , Zhuang Ning
Published: November 2010

Spalling on loess slope threats the safety of highway and destroys its ecological environment. This paper proposes treatment materials for medium thickness spalling on loess slope. This materials treat the spalling in loess slope by the Reinforced function of straw, Bonding effect of silt, retain soil moisture and insulation effect of straw silt nutrition materials of silt mixed with straw, and fixation effect of T-shaped spiral steel anchor net, so that the treated slope can be protected and greened. It can effectively reinforce the loess slope, and prevent it from spalling.
Thermal Conductive Composite Prepared by Carbon Coated Aluminum Nanoparticles Filled Silicone Rubber
Authors: Zhang Hai Yan , Lin Jin , Hong Hao Qun
Published: November 2010

With methyl vinyl silicone (MVQ) as the base rubber, filled with self-synthesized carbon coated aluminum nanoparticles, the high thermal conductive composite was prepared by using the method of mechanical blending. The effect of carbon coated aluminum nanoparticles on thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the silicone rubber were investigated, and it was found that thermal conductivity of the composite increased with increasing carbon coated aluminum nanoparticles content during the process of thermal conductive network initially formed to throughout the whole composite, the thermal conductivity began to decrease when the filling content reached 250phr,the optimum filling amount of carbon coated nanoparticles was 250phr.The Y-Agrai model was employed to investigate the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive composite, results indicated that when the filling content was less than 200phr,theoretical value was coincided with measured value. While the filling content was more than 200phr, theoretical value was gradually less than measured value. While the carbon coated aluminum nanoparticles content increased, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of composite decreased significantly.
Erosion-Resistant PVD ZrAlCuN Coating for Titanium Alloy
Authors: Du Jun , Zhang Ping , Zhao Jun Jun , Cai Zhi Hai
Published: November 2010

Titanium alloys are susceptible to sand erosion, hard zirconium nitride coatings have been deposited onto titanium alloys by Physical vapor deposition (PVD) in order to improve erosion resistance. Al and Cu were added into ZrN coatings to strength and toughing the coating. The microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrAlCuN coating were studied. Erosion tests were conducted to evaluate anti-erosion ability. Erosion rates were measured and characteristic damage features were identified on the surface of eroded specimens. The mechanisms of erosion are discussed in order to explain the promising performance of materials in erosive conditions. It was found that there is an significant increase of erosion resistance because of the increase of hardness and toughness.
Erosion Mechanisms of Hydraulic Concretes under High-Speed Abrasive Water Jets at Different Impact Angles
Authors: Yin Yan Guo , Xie Ting
Published: November 2010

The erosion behaviors of a hydraulic concrete under high-speed abrasive waterjets at different impact angles were investigated in this paper. The worn surfaces were observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was found that the defects in the matrix are often the nucleation sites of the microcracks during the erosion. The erosion mechanisms of hydraulic concrete at different impact angles were discussed. The results showed that the erosion process is mainly the microcutting at small impact angles, but peeling off at large impact angles, or mixed mechanism, i. e. microcutting and peeling, at medium impact angles.
Preparation and Properties of Poly Methyl Methacrylate/Lanthanum Hexaboride Nanocomposites
Authors: Hu Li Jie , Min Guang Hui , Yang Xue
Published: November 2010

Lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) nanopowders were synthesized at 1200 for 2 hours in the vacuum hot resistor furnace with lanthanum chloride (LaCl3) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4). As-prepared nanopowders were surface modified first by silane coupling agent and then were used as fillers for PMMA to fabricate poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA)/LaB6 nanocomposites via melt extrusion using a twin-screw extruder. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated a pure cubic phase with the average size of 70 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) proved silane coupling agent was grafted onto nanoparticles. The comparision of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) of unmodified and modified nanoparticles showed that surface modification prevented agglomeration of nanoparticles, making more evenly-distributed inorganic nanoparticles within organic matrix as LaB6 mass fraction equaled 0.010%. In addition, LaB6 nanoparticles played a vital role in the absorption range from ultraviolet (UV) to NIR and the composite with a higher content of LaB6 was beneficial for rejecting heat.
The Applications of Concrete Cut-Off Wall in the Reinforcement of the Earth Dam
Authors: Li Jing Long , Li Shu Cai , Li Shu Chen
Published: November 2010

The concrete cutoff wall is a technology used in reinforcing sick dams more usually in recent years. In the text, the advanced FLAC3D method which is based on 3-D explicit finite difference method, is used to simulate a reinforcement of earth dam using concrete cutoff wall. Through the simulation, Mohr-Coulomb model, elastic model and Goodman element are used to analyse the distribution of the stress and the strain of the dam before and after reinforcement. Consequently, we can evaluate the unti-seepaging effect and raise the possible question.
Study on the Hydration Micro-Structure and Properties of Complex Cementitious Systems
Authors: Ding Qing Jun , Huang Xiu Lin , Sun Hua
Published: November 2010

In this study complex cementitious systems were prepared by cement, slag, fly ash and silica fume. Changing the dosages of mineral admixtures, then studying the strength and micro-structure of harden cement pastes by XRD,SEM,BET etc. Comparing the influence of variety and dosage of mineral admixture on cement pastes.Finally we found that mineral admixtures could improve the pore size distribution of cement pastes, and the total dosage 10% is better than 20%; and the "FA+SF" is better than others.
Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Nano-SiCp/Mg Composites by Ultrasonic Dispersion
Authors: Yan Hong , Hu Zhi
Published: November 2010

SiC nanoparticles reinforced AZ61 magnesium composites were fabricated by Ultrasonic method. The distribution of nanoparticles in the matrix and the fracture morphology of the composites were observed by SEM, and the mechanical properties of the composites were tested at room temperature. Experimental shows that SiC nanoparticles were dispersed well in the matrix with the pretreatment method. Compared with the matrix, the tensile strength and hardness of the composites were improved respectively. Meanwhile, the ductility of the composites didn’t be obviously decreased. The enhancement function of nano composites was predicted with the dislocation strengthening and Orowan dispersion strengthening mechanisms. The predicted results coincided well with experimental ones.
Effect of CCWC on the Self-Healing Action and the Microstructure of Cement-Based Materials
Authors: Wang Gui Ming , Zhang Jun Xue , Chen Hui
Published: November 2010

The performance of Capillary Crystalline Waterproofing Coatings(CCWC) was measured by its impermeability and self-healing ability. At the meantime, the microstructure of mortar treated by CCWC was researched with SEM and XRD. The results showed that Ionic transmission could cause a chemical reaction, generate a great quantity hydrate products to block up the pores and cracks in cement-based materials, endow it with self- healing ability, and increase its durability. With increment of the coverage rate, pores and cracks of cement-based materials can be better healed with ionic transmission.
A Study of Numerical Simulation and Experiment Investigation on ECMM Processing of PRMMC
Authors: Liu Guo Yue , Guo Zhong Ning , Li Yuan Bo , Huang Zhi Gang
Published: November 2010

The differences between the Electrochemical Mechanical Machining (ECMM) progress of Particle Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites (PRMMC) and normal metal are the behaviors of non-conductive Particles. This paper employed Finite Element Method (FEM) to analyze the electrochemical reaction around the particle under different parameters. To seek applicable process, the electric filed analysis in the interelectrode gap of the ECMM process with the embedded tools has been adopted. Experiments about work voltage, electrode gap and the formula and concentration of electrolyte dissolution have been done. Through an ECMM hybrid process combined with a fast back grinding process, a surface about Ra 0.5um of PRMMC has been achieved.
Relation between Interfacial Strength and Impact Properties of UHMWPE/LLDPE Laminates
Authors: Chen Lei , Li Jia Lu , Xu Zhi Wei , Liu Liang Sen
Published: November 2010

Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber plain woven fabric reinforced line-low-density polyethylene composites with different matrix volume fraction were prepared. The interfacial bonding strength and the impact property of the laminates were investigated. The experiment results revealed that the sample with a matrix volume fraction 14% showed better impact properties than other ones, while the interface bonding strength continued to drop when the matrix volume fraction was decreased. It is also indicated that in high fiber interface bonding strength, the impact resistance of the laminate would grow by decreasing the interface bonding strength. However, when the interface bonding strength was lower than the threshold, there would be an opposite effect.
Recycled Concrete Using Crushed Construction Waste Bricks Subject to Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Ho Chung Ming , Tsai Wei Tsung
Published: November 2010

The objectives of this paper are to find the compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) of recycled concrete with various percentages of natural fine aggregate replaced by Recycled brick fine aggregate (RBFA) as well as the residual strength and residual UPV of recycled concrete subjected to elevated temperatures. Experiment results showed that the compressive strength and UPV decreased as amount of RBFA in concrete increased, the long-term performance of compressive strength and UPV development increased as the RBFA content increased. The residual strength of recycled concrete increased slightly after heating to 300°C and the residual UPV of recycled concrete decreased gradually as the exposed temperature increased beyond 300°C. In the range of 580 -800°C, recycled concrete lost most of its original compressive strength and UPV. After subjected to the temperature of 800°C, compared to plain concrete, recycled concrete with 100% RBFA had a greater discount rate of compressive strength and UPV of the order of 5-15% and 6-10%. Regression analysis results revealed that the residual strength and residual UPV of recycled concrete had a high relevance after elevated temperatures exposure.
Relationships between the Abilities of the Forming Bond of the Precipitated Phases and their Precipitations and Phases Transition in Al-Fe-Si Alloy
Authors: Qu Hua , Liu Wei Dong , Liu Chuang , Zhou Gang , Shen Xiao Lu
Published: November 2010

According to the empirical electron theory of solid and molecule, the valence election structures of the matrix  of Al-Fe-Si alloy, solid solutions of -Al-Fe and -Al-Fe-Si, precipitated phases of A13(Fe,Si), Al8Fe2Si and Al12Fe3Si and their abilities of the forming bond were calculated, then the relationships between the abilities of the forming bond of the main precipitated phases in Al-Fe-Si alloys and their precipitations and phases transition were studied in this paper. From the results we find that the ability of the forming bond of Al12Fe3Si (637.23) is small, that of Al3(Fe,Si) (670.52) is large and that of Al8Fe2Si (1038.27) is the largest; the larger the cooling speed, the more amount of the precipitated first of Al12Fe3Si, the few amount of the precipitated of Al3(Fe,Si) and Al8Fe2Si; the stability of Al12Fe3Si is smaller than that of Al3(Fe,Si) and Al8Fe2Si, and under high temperature, the phase of Al12Fe3Si can grow up and coarsen and even change into Al3(Fe,Si) and Al8Fe2Si.
Erosion-Abrasion Behavior of Eutectic Al-Mn Alloy Matrix Composites Reinforced with Al2O3 Particulates
Authors: Liu Bing , Li Xin Mei , Liu Xiang , Wang Chun Yao
Published: November 2010

Effects of different impact angles such as 45°and 90°on the erosion-abrasion properties of eutectic Al-Mn alloy and its composites reinforced with Al2O3 particulates were studied by rotating erosion-abrasion test, and the microstructure and the worn surfaces were analyzed. The results show that the as-cast Al-Mn alloy is composed of aluminium-manganese solid solution, MnAl6 and Al11Mn4 phase, while the δ-Al2O3 particles are included in the composites besides the aforementioned microstructures. With elongating the erosion time, the wear rates of the Al-Mn alloy and its composites increase at the impact angle of 90°, whereas they firstly increase and then decrease , and there is a maximum at 45°. The distortion wear caused by the normal stress is dominant at 90°, which lead to the erosion pits on the worn surface. However, the cutting wear by the shear stress is predominant at 45°, which result in the ploughs.
Volume Fraction Effects of Silicon Carbide on the Wear Behavior of SiCp-Reinforced Magnesium Matrix Composites
Authors: Huang Song Jeng , Dai Yo Zhi , Jeng Yeau Ren
Published: November 2010

This paper investigated the volume fraction effect of micro-sized SiC on the tribological behavior of SiCp reinforced AZ91D Mg-based metal-matrix composites (MMCs). The Mg MMCs were prepared by the melt-stirring technique for wear tests. The hardness and coefficient of friction of Mg MMCs increase as increasing volume fraction of SiC particle in MMCs. The SiCp/AZ91D MMCs exhibit superior wear resistance under lower and moderate sliding condition. However, the effects of the SiC particle reinforcements on wear resistance are not as conclusive under severe sliding condition (50N-1500 rpm for all vol.% of MMCs, 50N-1000rpm for 3 vol. % MMCs), since the matrix of MMCs were softened at elevated temperature under such severe condition. However, the incorporation of SiC particles could enhance the wear resistance of AZ91D matrix alloy for most of the sliding conditions.
Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2-NaY Composite Photocatalyst on Methyl Orange Degradation
Authors: Zhang Wen Jie , Sun Xin
Published: November 2010

Composite of TiO2 and NaY zeolite was prepared by solid-state dispersion method and the simple mixture of TiO2 and NaY was also compared on methyl orange photocatalytic degradation. Methyl orange degradation rate increased constantly with the increase of TiO2 concentration from 50 mg/l to 200 mg/l and declined gradually afterwards. When the ratio of TiO2 and NaY zeolite was 1:10, the photocatalytic activity of the mixed catalyst was close to that of pure TiO2. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2-NaY composite in different ratio prepared by solid-state dispersion was lower than that of pure TiO2. The photocatalytic activity of the composite catalyst in the ratio of 1:20 was close to that of pure TiO2. Composite catalyst can deposit much quicker than pure TiO2 after treatment.
TiO2 and 5A Zeolite Composite Prepared for Photocatalytic Methyl Orange Degradation
Authors: Li Hong , Hu Mei Ling , Zhang Wen Jie
Published: November 2010

The concentration of TiO2 and the composites of TiO2 and 5A zeolite were studied in order to improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. Methyl orange aqueous solution was taken as imitated polluted water. The results indicated that the optimum dosage of TiO2 was 200 mg/l. A simple mixture was prepared by adding TiO2 and 5A zeolite together into methyl orange solution. The optimum TiO2:5A ratio was 1:11. Composite of zeolite 5A and TiO2 was also prepared using solid-state dispersion method. Photocatalytic activities of the composite after each preparation step were evaluated. Although the results showed that their photocatalytic activities decreased to some extent compared with pure TiO2, the composite could be easily separated from the treated solution.
The Coal Oxidized by HNO3 on the Conductivity Effect of Coal-Based Polyaniline
Authors: Zhang Jie Bing , Zhou An Ning , Zhang Xiao Li
Published: November 2010

The interation between aniline and shenfu-coal(SFC) was studied by the changes about acidic functional groups and the absence of coal macromolecules. The results showed that the acid content in coal is increased by HNO3, the conductivity of OCPANI, HNO3-OCEX-PANI, as well as SFCEX-PANI is lower than SFC-PANI. The macromolecular structure of the SFC play an important role,the macromolecular acid in coal only play the weak doping role.
The Effect of Melt-Spinning Technology on the Degradation of Poly(Glycolic Acid) Fiber In Vitro
Authors: Guo Zheng , Chen Shou Hui , Zhang Pei Hua
Published: November 2010

Poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) fibers produced by melt-spinning technology with different parameters may possess different structures, which may lead to different degradation behavior. In this paper, PGA fibers produced by different technology parameters were placed in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) (pH=7.4) at 37 °C up to 2 weeks to investigate the effect of melt-spinning technology on the degradation in vitro. Changes in weight loss and tensile strength of PGA fibers during degradation were investigated. The results showed that drawing multiple, drawing temperature and inherent viscosity of polymer had the influence on the performance of PGA fiber during degradation. The changes in weight loss and tensile strength during degradation in vitro indicated that the PGA fiber produced with higher drawing multiple degraded more slowly. The PGA fiber produced on higher drawing temperature degraded faster. The PGA fiber made from higher inherent viscosity polymer degraded more slowly.
Influence of Citric Acid on the Formation of Hydroxyapatite Powders by Using Ca(NO3)2-P2O5 Ethanol Solution System
Authors: Chang Qing , Ru Hong Qiang , Yu Liang , Li Ji Guang
Published: November 2010

In this study, nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) powders were synthesized via a simple sol-gel method using Ca(NO3)2•4H2O and P2O5 as starting materials. Two different precursors, with and without citric acid (CA), were prepared. The transformation process of HA from precursors, purity and particle size of the obtained HA powders were evaluated. HA derived from the precursor with CA showed a different transformation process from that without CA. It was observed that the content of CaO as an unavoidable major impurity was reduced due to the addition of CA. In the calcined powders from the CA-free precursor, X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed an intense CaO peak. For the calcined powders from the CA-addition precursor, XRD analysis showed a very weak CaO peak. It was also found that the synthesized HA powders from precursor with CA were finer than those without CA. The mechanism of the influence of CA on the formation, purity and particle size distribution of HA powders was discussed.
Effect of Heat and Wet Treatment on the Strength of PLA Fiber
Authors: Wang Shao Wei , Zhang Yi , Liu Hua Wu
Published: November 2010

Before and after heat and wet treatment, the fineness and strength of PLA sample fibers were measured. Temperature, rather than moisture, was reckoned the major factor weakening the strength and fineness of PLA fiber. Acidic and alkali environments activated the hydrolysis of the fiber and lead to obvious fiber damage. Compared with the acidic environment, alkali condition resulted in far faster hydrolysis, caused more reduction of fiber diameter and strength. In addition, vertical cracks appeared on the fiber surface in alkali conditions, but did not occur in acidic environment. Finally, it was found that heat and wet treatment in a neutral environment did not make obvious harm to PLA fiber.
Effect of Tempering on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultra Low Carbon Heavy Steel Plate with Intercritical Quenching
Authors: Zou De Hui , Peng Zhi Fang , Wang Ruo Min , Wang Shan
Published: November 2010

The Effect of tempering on microstructure and mechanical properties of ultra low carbon heavy steel plate with intercritical quenching were studied by utilizing SEM, TEM, tensile and impact tests. Mobile dislocations decreased, plenty of carbides and secondary phase particles precipitated dispersedly in the matrix, and then some dislocations were pinned by these precipitations, which made the YS increase when tempered from 180 to 450 oC. However, the bainite islands, formed after intercritically quenched, were still existed, the boundaries of which were clear but just laths broadening in the interior, so the UTS had a slight variation. With increasing tempering temperature from 450 to 630 oC, carbides became coarse, the bainite islands were gradually polygonized, even the boundary of which became fuzzy, dislocations transferred and formed the cellular sub-grain, which caused synthetically both YS and UTS decreasing evidently, the low temperature toughness gradually increasing, and the mixed fracture of impact specimens converting into ductile fracture.
Analysis of Knuckle Arm's Fatigue Life
Authors: Wang Ruo Ping , Feng Pei , Wang Yan Qiang
Published: November 2010

The transition fillet radius and surface roughness have a great influence on the part’s fatigue life. In this paper, we analyzed the reasons of a light vehicle’s knuckle arm fracture theoretically by finite element method and took corrective measures such as enlarging the transition fillet and improving the surface quality. After simulation test, we learned that these measures enhance the fatigue life of knuckle arm indeed.
Effect of Cr Content on Impact and Abrasion Properties and Mechanisms of Low Carbon Alloy Steel at Corrosive Condition
Authors: Sun Guo Dong , Liu Chang Hua
Published: November 2010

Impact and abrasion properties of the low carbon alloy steel with different chromium content in acid-ironstone slurry were investigated. The test was carried out by a MLD-10 tester with impact energy of 1.2 J. By analysing the morphology of worn surfaces and the metallographs of the subsurface of the specimen, the impact corrosion and abrasion mechanism was investigated. The results show that the percentage of wear mass loss decreases along with the increment of the Cr content. At the impact energy of 1.2 J, the impact corrosion and abrasion mechanism of low carbon alloy steel with 3% Cr content is the deforming fatigue wear,the mechanism of low carbon alloy steel with 6% Cr content is that shallow spallation due to accumulated deformation for a shorter time and removal of surface material due to multiple plastic deformation for a longer time, multiple plastic deformation belongs to the mechanism of low carbon alloy steel with 9% Cr content.
Study on the Forming and Self-Repairing of Ni60A/MoS2 Composite Lubricating Film
Authors: Zhao Yun Cai , Yu Dong Ling
Published: November 2010

Based on the research of the tribological properties of the Ni60A/MoS2 composite coating, this paper has studied the forming and self-repairing mechanism of MoS2 lubricating film. The study shows that the forming mechanism includes four stages: the friction beginning stage, MoS2 precipitating stage, MoS2 covering stage and MoS2 forming stage. The destroying processes of the composite lubricating film includes the film thickness decreasing, the crack emerging, the crack expansion, the lubricating film flaking. Meanwhile, the hard particles piercing into the lubricating film also results in the abrasion destroying of the lubricating film and greatly shortening the lifespan of the lubricating film.
Supercritical Solvent Impregnation in Controlled-Release Drugs
Authors: Tian Zhen , Bing Nai Ci , Zhang Ye , Wang Ling Ling , Qiao Wei
Published: November 2010

In the field of pharmaceutical industry, the controlled-release drugs have received considerable attention in the last years. Impregnation using supercritical fluid technology has already proven its feasibility in the preparation of controlled release systems. The use of supercritical fluids such as supercritical CO2 has provided a ‘clean’ and effective alternative to traditional methods of drug releasing and polymer processes. In particular, scCO2 has a number of unique properties that make it possible to process both bioactive molecules and amorphous polymers without using toxic organic solvents or elevated temperatures. A high purity product, free of residual solvents is obtained, since no organic solvents are involved in the impregnation process. Here, we review the advantages of supercritical fluid and the preparation of controlled-release drugs by supercritical solvent impregnation.
Plasma Treatment on Silk Fibroin Powder/PU Blend Film
Authors: Zhu Lu , Xu Wei Lin
Published: November 2010

Surface modification of plasma treatment was employed to improve the interface between silk fibroin (SF) powder and polyurethane (PU) in preparation of SF powder/PU blend film. Morphology analysis showed that plasma-treated blend film became dense and compact. The water vapor permeability of blend film from treated powder was significantly lowered. Plasma-treated artificial blood vessel was nearly waterproof, of which the water permeability was about 1/40 of the original value. Correspondingly, the compliance of plasma-treated vessel was enhanced remarkably, indicating it has better elasticity and flexibility which is more suitable for its application in tissue engineering.
Experimental Study on Frost Resistance Durability of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete in Na2SO4 Solution
Authors: Huo Jun Fang , Yang Hui , Shen Xiang Dong , Ji Xiao Xia , Cui Qi
Published: November 2010

Pumice was used to make up lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC). Frost resistance durability of LWAC in 5% Na2SO4 solution was studied. The test results showed that LWAC durability deteriorates more rapidly under freezing-thawing in salt solution than in water. The strength loss of LWAC was reduced by steel fiber and polypropylene fiber regardless of Na2SO4 solution and water. Fly ash and silica fume can improve Interfacial Transition Zone（ITZ）and the frost resistance of fibers reinforcement LWAC dramatically.
Study on Thermal Conductivity of Organic Phase-Change Nano-Fluid
Authors: Long Jian You
Published: November 2010

Nano-aluminum, which has high thermal conductivity and good compatibility, was added into paraffin to improve its thermal conductivity. Surface modified technology was adopted and dispersant was used to prepare uniform and stable organic phase-change nano-fluid of paraffin and nano-aluminum. Transient plane source method was used to test the thermal conductivity of the prepared organic phase-change nano-fluid. Results showed that the addition of nano-aluminum largely improved the thermal conductivity of paraffin. After the formula of Lu and Lin was modified, a calculation model for thermal conductivity of the organic phase-change nano-fluid was deduced. And experimental results showed that the results of calculation agreed that of experiment very well.
Study on Phase-Change Temperature and Latent Heat of Organic Phase-Change Nano-Fluid
Authors: Long Jian You
Published: November 2010

Nano-aluminum, which has high thermal conductivity and good compatibility, was added into paraffin to improve its thermal conductivity. Surface modified technology was adopted and dispersant was used to prepare uniform and stable organic phase-change nano-fluid of paraffin and nano-aluminum. Experiments were conducted to test the phase-change temperature and latent heat of the prepared organic phase-change nano-fluid. Results show that the addition of nano-aluminum has no effect on phase-change temperature, but it changes phase-change latent heat of the prepared organic phase-change nano-fluid. Reduced degree of the latent heat is nearly proportional to the quantity of the added nano-aluminum.
Investigation on the Diffusion Behavior of Mo-Ni Interface
Authors: Cao Wei Chan , Liang Shu Hua , Xue Yue Xin , Wang Xian Hui
Published: November 2010

In order to gain a deep insight into the mechanism of Ni-doped Mo activated sintering process, the diffusion behavior of Mo-Ni interface was studied utilizing a Mo-Ni diffusion couple. The phase structure and composition on the diffusion layer were characterized and analyzed by means of scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope, the self diffusion coefficient and interdiffusion coefficient were calculated. The results show that a diffusion layer is formed between Mo and Ni after sintering at 1223k for 1h, which is comprised of a δ-NiMo intermetallic compound and a limit solid solution containing small amounts of nickel. The self diffusion coefficient and interdiffusion coefficient are 2.068×10-18cm2/s and 4.5×10-12cm2/s, respectively. It is suggested that the diffusion rate of Mo in δ-NiMo intermetallic compound and a limit solid solution containing small amounts of nickel is 106 times bigger than that of self diffusion, and the intermetallic compound layer provides a short diffusion path for Mo activated sintering.
Preparation of Folate Conjugated O-Carboxymethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles
Authors: Ji Jin Gou , Wu Dan Jun , Zhang Jing Fen , Li Jing Jie , Xu Yi
Published: November 2010

Anticancer drugs are always restricted as lacking of tumor cell-selective targeting. In this paper, to achieve double effects of targeting and decreasing the drug toxicity, the folate (FA) -O-carboxymethyl chitosan (O-CMC) and the methotrexate (MTX) encapsulated FA-O-CMC/CaCl2 nanoparticles were prepared. The numbers of FA conjugated to O-CMC, particle size, surface morphology, encapsulation efficiency and loading efficiency of the obtained nanoparticles were characterized. The results showed that the FA-O-CMC possessing targeting ability was achieved. MTX had been successfully loaded into the nanoparticles. The prepared nanoparticles were spherical in morphology with an average size of 322 nm
Preparation of Hyper-Branched Polymer and its Application in Synthetic Leather
Authors: Qiang Tao Tao , Luo Min , Wang Xue Chuan , Ren Long Fang
Published: November 2010

The hyper-branched polymer with terminal carboxyl (HPAE-C) was prepared by modifying hyper-branched polymer with terminal hydroxyl with maleic anhydride. The molecular structure of HPAE-C was characterized by IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The HPAE-C was used in the finishing process of microfiber synthetic leather, and its effect on the health properties of microfiber synthetic leather was studied. The results showed that hyper-branched polymer could improve the moisture absorption and permeability to water vapor of microfiber synthetic leather. When the dosage of HPAE-C was 8%, the permeability to water vapor and moisture absorption of microfiber synthetic leather were improved by 7% and 13%, respectively. The observation results obtained by using scanning electron microscope showed that HPAE-C could loose the fibers of synthetic leather.
Electrical Conductivity and Density of the Molten CaCl2-NaCl-Al2O3 Electrolyte Materials
Authors: Xie Hong Wei , Wang Jin Xia , Zhai Yu Chun , Li Cheng De , Hu Xiao Yun
Published: November 2010

The low-melting CaCl2-NaCl-Al2O3 materials were used as the electrolyte of the low temperature aluminium electrolysis. The electrical conductivity and density of the materials were measured by the Continuously Varying Cell Constant Technique, ac-techniques, and Archimedes method. The materials were composed of 71wt.%~87wt.%CaCl2 (corresponding NaCl), NaCl and Al2O3(without and saturated). The measurement temperature ranges were 550°C~800°C. The results showed that Additive Al2O3 decreased the electrical conductivity of the materials, and resulted in the increase of the activation energy of conductance. The function relationship between the electrical conductivity and temperature was linear, and conformed to the Arrhenius equation. Increasing the CaCl2 content decreased the electrical conductivity of the materials, but the density was increased. With the increase of the CaCl2, the decrease scope of the electrical conductivity was small and the increase trend of the density was slow down. The decisive factor of the electrical conductivity of the materials was temperature.
Experimental Research on Bending Behavior of 2.5D Woven Fabrics
Authors: Li Shan Shan , Chen Li , Jiao Ya Nan
Published: November 2010

Six different kinds of fabrics were weaved using the 2.5D woven fabrics with warp-stuffer, The three point beam test method was employed to test bending behavior. The effect of yarn count, yarn fineness, fabric layers on the bending behavior of fabrics was analyzed. The results showed that warp and weft load, flexural stress, flexural strain and flexural modulus were increased as the yarn counts increasing; Warp and weft load, flexural stress and flexural strain increases as the fabric layers increased, flexural modulus decreased as the fabric layers increasing; load, flexural stress, flexural strain and flexural modulus increased as the yarn linear density increasing.
Preparation of Carbon-Coated Nano-Fe, Co Particles and their Effects on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate
Authors: Zhao Jun , Zhou Wei Liang , Xu Fu Ming
Published: November 2010

Nano Metal/C (Metal=Fe, Co) composite materials, in which nano iron and cobalt particles were uniformly distributed in carbon matrix, was prepared by pyrolysis of M-exchanged cation exchange resin(M-PAA). X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) results showed the particle size and morphology of nano iron and cobalt in M/C could be controlled by pyrolytic temperature. The particle size of Co and Fe in M/C obtained at 500 was respectively 15-40 nm and 10-35 nm. DTA was employed to test the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) in the M/C and AP mixture. Results indicated the decomposition temperature at high-temperature decomposition of AP was lowered with the addition of amount of M/C-500, and the high temperature decomposition peaks of AP respectively lowered as much as 145.2°Cand 68.3°C with adding amount of 5% of Co/C and Fe/C obtained at 500 . The high and low temperature decomposition peaks of AP overlapped with addition of Co/C.
The Microstructure and Enhanced Field Electron Emission Properties of Boron-Doped Nanocrystalline Diamond Films by Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Zou You Sheng , Li Zheng Xue , Yang Hao
Published: November 2010

The boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond films were prepared on Si(100) substrates by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition in gas mixture of CH4/H2/trimethylboron (TMB) with B/C ratio in the range of 0-1900ppm. The dependencies of surface morphology, microstructure, phase composition and field electron emission properties on the B/C ratio were systematically investigated by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, visible and UV Raman spectroscopy. The results show that the diamond grains gather together forming ball-like clusters with inhomogeneous size, the doped boron atoms can promote the growth of plane (111) surface and terminate the diamond growth sites, resulting in the reduction of growth rate with the increase of B/C ratio in the gas mixture. The two peaks located at approximately 500 and 1220cm-1 resulted from Fano interference were observed in the visible Raman spectra for the heavily boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond film, and the sp2/sp3 ratio of carbon bonds increased with B/C ratio increasing in gas mixture. The field electron emission performances of the boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond films were obviously dependent on B/C ratio in the gas mixture, and boron doping can improve their field electron emission properties remarkably. The low turn-on electric field of 7.6V/μm was achieved for the boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond film deposited at B/C ratio of 1900ppm.
Characteristics and Release Behavior of Sodium Alginate Microencapsulation Containing Cinnamon Oil
Authors: Li Xi Hong , Yun Juan , Xing Ya Ge , Liu Chang , Xu Qing Lian
Published: November 2010

Microencapsulation technology is widely used in many industries recently because the stability of core material can be improved and the release characteristics can be modified. In this investigation, cinnamon oil was microencapsulated by simple coacervation. The size distribution is narrow and the mean diameter is 53.79 μm. The surface morphology of the resultant microcapsules was also characterized scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the rates of cinnamon oil released from microencapsulation were not only affected by relative humidity in the microenvironment around microencapsulated powder, but also affected by the temperature.
Fabrication and Growth Mechanism of Star-Shaped Gold Nanoparticles via Seed-Mediated Growth Method
Authors: Wang Hui Juan , Xue Chen Yang , Chen Rong , Zhang Wen Dong
Published: November 2010

In this paper, gold nanoparticles with branches were prepared in aqueous solutions using seed-mediated growth method. The mean diameter of the seeds chosen for these studies is 6~8nm. The influence of reducing agent used in synthesis gold sphere as seeds was investigated. A reaction mechanism of fabrication gold nanostar particles was systematically described. The nanoparticles synthesized were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis spectroscopy. In order to investigate their optical property, Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) spectrums were tested, which showed quite good Raman enhencement.
Measurement and Correlation for Solubility of D-Glucurono-1,4-Lactone
Authors: Zhao Xiao Yu , Zhu Liang , Sha Zuo Liang , Zeng Xiang Dong , Hao Dong Qing
Published: November 2010

Solubility is fundamental data of industrial crystallization design, which determine the process conditions, such as feed temperature and crystallization temperature. This article measured solubility of D-Glucurono-1,4-lactone in aqueous and methanol solvent by static equilibrium method, and the experimental date was modeled by ideal solution models; apelblat model; polynomial model and λh model.
A Micromechanical Model for Deformation Behavior of Nanocrystalline Copper
Authors: Lan Jiao Xia , Wu Yong Zhong , Hong You Shi
Published: November 2010

Molecular dynamics simulations have show that nanocrystalline (NC) materials can be treated as composite materials consisting of two phases of grain and grain boundary. In this paper, the incremental stress-strain relation is derived based on deformation mechanism of NC materials and internal variable theory from micromechanics point of view. The developed model is exemplified by the pure copper subjected to uniaxial tension. Implicated iteration algorithm is then employed to obtain the stress-strain relation. Moreover, the effects of grain shape and statistical distribution of grain sizes are also discussed, and predicted results are compared with experimental values to verify the model.
Preparation and Characterization of SiO2/VO2 Composite Particles
Authors: Bi Ai Hong , Zhu Jin Hua
Published: November 2010

In order to enhance the visible transmittance, a compact silica film was successfully coated on the surface of VO2 particles by the sol-gel method, using sodium silicate as the coating agent and hydrochloric acid as the neutralization agent. The composition, structure, surface bonding mode and the visible transmittance of the products were characterized by means of XRD, SEM, FTIR and UV-Vis. The results showed that SiO2/VO2 composite particles can produced by this method, and the visible transmittance was higher than the pure VO2. It was a basic study in the applications of the smart coatings based on VO2 powders.
The I-V Characteristics of the 3,3',5',5-Tetra-Tert-Butyl-Azobenzene Optical Molecular Switch: A First-Principles Study
Authors: Xia Cai Juan , Liu Han Chen , Fang Chang Feng
Published: November 2010

By applying nonequilibrium Green’s function formalism combined first-principles density functional theory, we investigate the electronic transport properties of 3,3′,5,5′-Tetra-tert-butyl-azobenzene(meta-TBA) optical molecular switch. This molecular switch comprises a meta-TBA molecule with the trans and cis forms, which can be reversed from one structure to another one upon photoexcitation. The influence of HOMO-LUMO gaps and the spatial distributions of molecular orbitals on the electronic transport through the molecular device are discussed in detail. Theoretical results show that there is a large current ratio in bias window, which suggests that this system can be one of good candidates for optical switches due to this unique advantage, and have real applications in the molecular circuit.
Thermal-Mechanical Analysis for Surface Cracks on FTSC Slab
Authors: Zhu Li Guang , Chen Jian , Xu Ying , Guo Jing Jing
Published: November 2010

Calculation of steel solidification in H2 mould of FTSC with Two-dimensional thermal- mechanical coupled method, results show that steel in mould has a wide two-phase region which grows rapidly during solidification, so columnar crystal and coarse grain were well-developed. Stress calculation results show that internal tensile stress reach to 13-17MPa in two-phase region, and the closer to shell surface, the greater of SEQV. It has the condition for microcracks generation and growth in Mould. Control heat transfer in mould can uniform temperature distribution, thereby reduce stress and enhance the plastic property of shell.
EBSD Analysis of HAZ Microstructure Characteristics of a High Strength Low Welding Crack Susceptibility Steel
Authors: Lan Liang Yun , Qiu Chun Lin , Zhao De Wen
Published: November 2010

This paper discussed the variation of microstructure at different locations of heat affected zone (HAZ) of a high strength steel welded joint using an optical microscope and an electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) system. The results revealed that the change of microstructure plays an important part in the toughness properties at different locations of the HAZ. the CGHAZ (coarsen grain HAZ) microstructure contains granular bainite with the large effective grain size and a number of rod-like M/A constituents, which provide the nucleation sites and linear propagation path for micro-crack, therefore, this location becomes a local brittle zone. However, in the FGHAZ (fine grain HAZ) due to the microstructure mainly consisting of fine quasi-polygonal ferrite with high density of high angle grain boundaries, which can act as obstacles to cleavage propagation, the FGHAZ (fine grain HAZ) toughness is more excellent than the CGHAZ toughness.
An Ab Initio Study on Negative Differential Resistance in Pyrrole Trimer Molecular Device
Authors: Xia Cai Juan , Liu Han Chen , Wang Qiu Ping
Published: November 2010

The electronic transport properties of pyrrole trimer sandwiched between two electrodes are investigated by using nonequilibrium Green’s function formalism combined first-principles density functional theory. Theoretical results show that the system manifests negative differential resistance (NDR) behavior. A detailed analysis of the origin of negative differential resistance has been given by observing the shift in transmission resonance peak across the bias window with varying bias voltage.
Preparation and Characterization of Modified Activated Carbon and its Influencing Factors of Cd2+ Adsorption
Authors: Ding Chun Sheng , Zhu Qian Fen , Ning Ping , Lu Jing Ke
Published: November 2010

In order to improve the Cd2+ adsorption ability, the granular activated carbon (GAC) was modified with different treatments, and the Cd2+ removal efficiencies (REs) by the treated GACs were then comparatively investigated under different conditions. The surface physical-chemical properties of these carbons were further characterized in virtue of BET and Boehm’s titration, etc. The results demonstrate that the specific surface area and surface oxy acidity functional groups of GAC changed to some certain after the different treatments, especially for that with HNO3 oxidizing. It therefore led to an improvement of Cd2+ adsorption ability, and the corresponding REs by the N-GACs that were respectively modified with 10% and 70% HNO3 were significantly higher than that by the original GAC (i.e., 41% and 57% vs. 10%). pH was found to be the most vital influencing factor for the Cd2+ adsorption, and the Cd2+ REs by the tested GACs were all increased with an elevation in the pH value.
Protection Capability of Different Confinement Plates for Rubber Composite Armours against Shaped Charges
Authors: Zu Xu Dong , Huang Zheng Xiang , Zhang Ling Na , Zhu Chuan Sheng
Published: November 2010

Steel is the most used material for the confinement plates of composite armors, but other materials may afford better protection against shaped charges. One of the most interesting materials is ceramic because of its hardness, of its relatively small density and of the reduction of collateral damages, and the other one of the most interesting materials is aluminum because of its small density and ductility. We have therefore compared the protection capability of rubber composite armors built either with copper or with steel. For each configuration, we measured the loss energy of the standard charge shaped jet and the change of the tangential velocity of the different layers with simulation measure and point the deformation of the jet when they penetrated the composite armors. We also have done some X-ray experiments to observe the deformation of the jet to test and verify the result of the simulation. Clear correlations are observed between the projection capability and the confinement materials.