bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversidad de especies naturalizadas del género Opuntia (Cactaceae) utilizadas por los pobladores del norte de Córdoba (Argentina).
Authors: Ahumada María Luján , Trillo Cecilia
Published: August 2018

La agricultura comprendida como el cultivo y la domesticación de plantas constituye una práctica orientada por el conocimiento botánico de las diferentes culturas. El estudio de la diversidad de plantas cultivadas y domesticadas por un pueblo resulta útil para aproximarse a la comprensión de los intereses subyacentes en torno a las mismas. En Argentina, y en particular en Córdoba, son escasos los trabajos etnobotánicos acerca de las relaciones establecidas entre grupos humanos y las cactáceas, por lo cual en este trabajo se realizó una investigación etnobotánica con los pobladores criollos del norte de la provincia. La metodología utilizada consistió en entrevistas abiertas y semiestructuradas, recorridos por el área de estudio y recolección de material de herbario. Se obtuvo como resultado la identificación de siete etnovariedades diferentes denominadas “tunas” actualmente cultivadas y en proceso de domesticación,de las cuales 6 corresponden a la especie botánica Opuntia ficus-indica (4 a la forma ficus-indica: “Amarilla”, “Cordobesa”, “Italiana” y “Salteña”; y 2 a la forma amyclaea : “Colorada” y “Blanca”), y una a la especie Opuntia robusta (“Cuaresma”). Se registraron los usos de las mismas. A partir de los resultados se registra por primera vez para Córdoba la presencia de O. robusta.
Morfología y distribución de Dolotortula mniifolia y Trachyphyllum dusenii (Bryophyta) en Panamá.
Authors: Gudiño Ledezma José , Salazar Allen Noris
Published: August 2018

El género Dolotortula y la especie D. mniifolia, se registran por primera vez para Panamá. Se describen por primera vez para las poblaciones de Centroamérica de D. mniifolia tallos ramificados y borde de la hoja de color amarillo, éste en corte transversal, con 5-6 hileras de células de paredes engrosadas. Se detalla y amplía la morfología y distribución geográfica de Trachyphyllum y la especie T. dusenii, recientemente reportados para Panamá. Se reportan por primera vez hojas periqueciales débilmente serruladas para esta especie. La distribución de esta especie en Panamá es la más septentrional conocida para la América tropical, e incluye las únicas poblaciones del género conocidas para la vertiente del Pacífico. Se incluyen mapas con la distribución geográfica actualizada para las dos especies.
Philonotis pomangium (Bartramiaceae, Bryophyta): una adición a la flora briológica de Perú
Authors: Jimenez Soledad , Suárez Guillermo M.
Published: August 2018

Philonotis pomangium (Bartramiaceae, Bryophyta): una adición a la flora briológica de Perú. Philonotis pomangium es una especie neotropical registrada para Argentina, Bolivia y Brasil. Se caracteriza por las hojas ovado-lanceoladas, células de la lámina cuadradas hacia la base, papilosas en el ángulo distal, y propágulos presentes (tipo “brood branches”). Durante la revisión del género Philonotis en el sur de Sudamérica, algunos especímenes coleccionados en Perú coinciden con P. pomangium, una especie registrada por primera vez para el país. Adicionalmente, se estudió el ejemplar tipo de Philonotis boliviensis, y se la propone aquí como un nuevo sinónimo de P. pomangium. Se presenta una descripción detallada, fotomicrografías en MO y MEB, comentarios sobre la especie y una tabla comparativa de las especies emparentadas de Philonotis del Perú. La distribución Neotropical de P. pomangium se ilustra en un mapa.
Identification of volatile compounds from three species of Cyathodium (Marchantiophyta: Cyathodiaceae) and Leiosporoceros dussii(Anthocerotophyta: Leiosporocerotaceae) from Panama, and C. foetidissimum from Costa Rica.
Authors: Salazar Allen Noris , Santana Ana Isabel , Gómez Nélida , Chung C Clementina , Prashad Gupta Mahabir
Published: August 2018

Cyathodium is a thalloid marchantialean liverwort with five species reported for the Neotropics. Three species that occur in Panama (C. bischlerianum, C. spruceanum, C. cavernarum) and one from Costa Rica (C. foetidissimum) were studied chemically. Female and male plants of the dioecious C. spruceanum were very similar in their chemical composition except for two compounds that were found only in female plants. All samples of C. spruceanum and C. bischlerianum contained, in less than three percent, the sesquiterpenes germacrene D and bicyclogermacrene. The presence of these compounds suggests a close affinity between these two species. Cyathodium bischlerianum contained mainly aromatic monoterpenes with nerolidol as the main compound. Cyathodium cavernarum also had a very distinct chemical composition with an octane derivative as its major compound. Indole compounds were found only in C. foetidissimum. The presence of these compounds in plants from Costa Rica and Tahiti suggests that they could be considered as potential chemosystematic markers for the species. Based on their chemical composition there is a clear distinction between the four species of Cyathodium studied. The chemistry of these species supports previous morphological and genetic studies. Only two compounds could be identified in Leiosporoceros dussii. There is a need for additional genetic and chemical studies on neotropical Cyathodium and Leiosporoceros. Key
Epidemiological features of occupational chronic obstructive lung disease
Authors: Sakolchik M. A. , Gorblyansky Yu. Yu. , Podmogilnaya K. V. , Fedyakina V. V.
Published: August 2018

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Tobacco smoking is a main risk factor, but nearly 15–20% of COPD cases are caused by occupational exposure (to dust, gases, vapors, fibers). The review is aimed to search and analysis of literature on occupational COPD from evidencebased medicine viewpoint. Systemic search of literature covered databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Cyberleninka, using a key word “occupational COPD”. As a result of the search, the authors selected 6 systematic reviews and 9 clinical studies for further analysis, proved cause-effect relationship between exposure to occupational factors at workplace and COPD. With that, occupational exposure contributes more significantly into formation and peculiarities of COPD course, than tobacco smoking does. Topics of phenotyping, early diagnosis, treatment peculiarities and pulmonary rehabilitation for occupational COPD patients remain unresolved.
Comparative evaluation of life span in individuals with occupational diseases: methodic approaches
Authors: Bukhtiyarov I. V. , Tikhonova G. I. , Piktushanskaya T. E. , Brylеva M. S. , Gorchakova T. Yu. , Churanova A. N.
Published: August 2018

The authors specified a method of comparative evaluation of life span for individuals with occupational diseases and general population of corresponding age and sex. The method was tested on materials of database from Rostov regional

Occupational Pathology center. Comparative analysis covered age and death causes in 8082 coal miners with confirmed occupational disease, who died during subsequent 26 years (01/01/1990–31/12/2015), and data on male population mortality in Rostov region over the same period. The method specified helped to define that life span in the miners with occupational disease is shorter by 2.9 years vs. that in general male population of the same age.

Total share of death with diseases considered occupational or occupationally conditioned in miners equaled 93.3% in the main group, and the share of other causes is less than 7% vs. 33.4% in the general male population of Rostov region.

Testing of the suggested methodic approach proves that it can be applied for comparative evaluation of life span and structure of mortality causes in individuals with occupational diseases in various regions of the country, for various occupational groups or certain entities (nosology types) in occupational pathology.
The distribution and ecology of Gnophos dumetata Treitschke, 1827 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in the Burren of western Ireland
Authors: Woodrow Will , Nelson Brian , Allen Dave , Glanville Emma , Hughes Maurice , McLaughlin Vincent , Mellon Clive , Waring Paul
Published: August 2018

The geometrid moth Gnophos dumetata Treitschke, 1827, is restricted within Britain and Ireland to the Burren, Co. Clare. A study was initiated by the Burren National Park to investigate the distribution and food plant choice of the species in order to determine if it would be
affected by management of scrub. The distribution of the species was investigated by trapping of adults and searching for larvae. This was combined with historical records to determine that the species is confined to the limestone pavement in the eastern Burren between Corofin and Gort. The
larvae show a preference for small, isolated plants of Rhamnus cathartica L. growing over bare pavement. Our conclusion is that the species will not be affected by planned management which is aimed at removing dense invasive scrub from grassland areas.
A new species and first rearing record of the genus Thibetoides Davis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Tryphoninae) from France
Authors: Shaw Mark R. , Kan Pieter , Kan-Van Limburg Stirum Brigitte
Published: August 2018

The genus Thibetoides, known from the western USA and various parts of the former USSR, Turkey and Eastern Europe, is reported from Western Europe for the first time. A single female of Thibetoides aprosthemae Shaw sp. nov. was reared from a cocoon of the argid
sawfly Aprosthema tardum collected in the south of France. The new species is described, figured and distinguished from its close relative T. anatolicus Kasparyan, known from S. E. Turkey. A figure is given of the very differently coloured T. acerbus Viktorov, which occurs
in Ukraine and Bulgaria and is geographically the closest to the new species, and some morphological points of difference are noted.
Discourse Analysis of Politicians Social Media Posts
Authors: Azmi Alia , Sylvia Ike , Mardhiah Desy
Published: August 2018

The use of social media, especially by political figures, can directly bridge communications between politicians and their constituents and other supportive or opposing parties. This study aims to analyze the posts of political figures’ social media using discourse analysis to convey explicit or implicit messages that can not be separated from political intentions. Discourse analysis helps to understand the meaning of message or text of the media regarding the messenger's social environment and relationships. The study found that three political figures with most followers in three most popular social media platforms—Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter—Prabowo Subianto, Ridwan Kamil, and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono represent their nationalism and Islamic identity in their social media posts. They also convey their opinions about the general political issues in spite of divisive political condition among public that is also visible among politicians.
Assessing vessel slowdown for reducing auditory masking for marine mammals and fish of the western Canadian Arctic
Authors: Pine Matthew K. , Hannay David E. , Insley Stephen J. , Halliday William D. , Juanes Francis
Published: August 2018

Vessel slowdown may be an alternative mitigation option in regions where re-routing shipping corridors to avoid important marine mammal habitat is not possible. We investigated the potential relief in masking in marine mammals and fish from a 10 knot speed reduction of container and cruise ships. The mitigation effect from slower vessels was not equal between ambient sound conditions, species or vessel-type. Under quiet ambient conditions, a speed reduction from 25 to 15 knots resulted in smaller listening space reductions by 16–23%, 10–18%, 1–2%, 5–8% and 8% respectively for belugas, bowheads, bearded seals, ringed seals, and fish, depending on vessel-type. However, under noisy conditions, those savings were between 9 and 19% more, depending on the species. This was due to the differences in species' hearing sensitivities and the low ambient sound levels measured in the study region. Vessel slowdown could be an effective mitigation strategy for reducing masking.
A Man's Home is His Castle, But it Has a Secret Dungeon: Domestic Violence Victims Need an Amendment to Florida's All-Party Consent Law
Authors: Warren David Kenneth
Published: August 2018

Domestic violence is an epidemic that is occurring at alarming rates throughout the state of Florida and across the nation. Much of that abuse occurs behind closed doors inside the home where there are no witnesses. Because Florida law does not allow a person to record communications without the consent of everyone else involved, victims are forced to rely on uncorroborated verbal accusations when they report their abuse. Unfortunately, it is difficult to prosecute these cases because they turn into credibility contests where the abuser often has an unfair advantage and has learned how to manipulate the system. If the abuse was serious enough, the victim can rely on visible physical injuries to support her allegations. That is also problematic because it forces victims to use their bodies as evidence when far more effective substitutes are available.This Note demonstrates that, although we claim domestic violence is no longer a private matter, we are effectively keeping it hidden behind closed doors by refusing to let victims record their abuse and then making it exceedingly difficult to prove their allegations without corroboration. The abuser’s right to privacy has become a priority over the victim’s safety. This Note argues that domestic violence victims need the ability to record the abuse they suffer inside the homes they share with their abusers. Finally, this Note proposes a statutory amendment to Florida’s all-party consent law that would achieve this goal.
Examining a Most Likely Case for Strong Campaign Effects: Hitler’s Speeches and the Rise of the Nazi Party, 1927–1933
Authors: Munzert Simon
Published: August 2018

Hitler’s rise to power amidst an unprecedented propaganda campaign initiated scholarly interest in campaign effects. To the surprise of many, empirical studies often found minimal effects. The predominant focus of early work was on U.S. elections, though. Nazi propaganda as the archetypal and, in many ways, most likely case for strong effects has rarely been studied. We collect extensive data about Hitler’s speeches and gauge their impact on voter support at five national elections preceding the dictatorship. We use a semi-parametric difference-in-differences approach to estimate effects in the face of potential confounding due to the deliberate scheduling of events. Our findings suggest that Hitler’s speeches, while rationally targeted, had a negligible impact on the Nazis’ electoral fortunes. Only the 1932 presidential runoff, an election preceded by an extraordinarily short, intense and one-sided campaign, yielded positive effects. This study questions the importance of charismatic leaders for the success of populist movements.
When Groups Fall Apart: Identifying Transnational Polarization with Twitter from the Arab Uprisings
Authors: Kubinec Robert , Owen John
Published: August 2018

It is very difficult to know how international social linkages affect domestic ideological polarization because we can never observe polarization occurring both with and without international connections. To estimate this missing counterfactual, we employ a new statistical method based on Bayesian item-response theory that permits us to disaggregate polarization after the Arab Uprisings into domestic and transnational components. We collected a dataset of Twitter accounts in Egypt and Tunisia during the critical year of 2013, when the Egyptian military overthrew the Islamist President Mohamed Morsi. We find that the coup increased retweets among Egyptian ideological allies by 50 percent each day following the coup and decreased cross-ideological retweets by 25 percent. Tunisian Twitter communities also showed stronger intra-group retweeting although at lower levels than in Egypt. Counter-intuitively, our model shows that the additional polarization in Tunisia after the coup appears to have dampened further polarization among Islamists in Egypt.
STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN KAWASAN EKONOMI KHUSUS (KEK) SEI MANGKEI, KLASTER INDUSTRI HILIR KELAPA SAWIT TERINTEGRASI DAN BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Febriano Muhammad Riza , Hariyadi Hariyadi , Falatehan A Roby
Published: August 2018

 
Sei Mangkei Special Economic Zone (SEZ) have been designed by Government of Indonesia as industrial cluster for palm oil derivative product industries. In many cases, selected areas for industrial cluster developed into an industrial aglomeration than industrial clustering. To ensure industrial cluster accomplishment, sustainability and integration analysis should be done. The aim of paper was to conduct management strategic, sustainability and integration analysis of Sei Mangkei SEZ cluster development.  Multicriteria Decision Making (MDM) analithycal  hierarchy processs (AHP) was used to determine the value of strategic priority index. There considered for measuring the index categorized in 5 dimensions : economic, social, enviromental/ecological, laws regulations and institutional, industrial and technology. The index score of sustainability priority index of Sei Mangkei SEZ that showing that the industrial cluster development categorized as sufficient category. The lowest index was found for industrial and technology (0.195) and the highest was environment/ecological dimension and economic dimension (0.236). From the leverage analysis, some critical attributes in each dimensions were found and need improvement to increase the management strategic of Sei Mangkei SEZ into sustainability and integration. Institutional strengthening and accelerated development of infrastructure are the crucial factor should be prioritized for the development of palm oil based industrial cluster at Sei Mangkei SEZ. This could be a significant reference for the decision makers, in this case is Government (PTPN III State-Owned Enterprises and Administrator) in cooperation with private sectors (tenant) to develop Sei Mangkei SEZ
KELENTINGAN PENGHIDUPAN RUMAH TANGGA EKS BURUH HARIAN LEPAS PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI DESA SEI MANGKEI
Authors: Arman Ringgo , Hariyadi Hariyadi , Sunito Setyawan
Published: August 2018

The landscape changed of palm oil plantation PTPN III (Persero) Afdeling I became The Sei Mangkei Special Economic Zone (SEZ), it gaves essential impact to the basic problems divided the households livelihood of casual workers (BHL)  palm oil plantation in the Sei Mangkei village. This study was illustrated the resilience of the BHL households livelihood in the Sei Mangkei village. This paper aims to measured community resilience of a landscape changed afdeling I PTPN III (Persero) to divided Sei Mangkei SEZ. Analysis of livelihood resilience used a concept of rules is called an index, resilience indicators and households resilience were then collected through questionnaires. The respondent are many 30 BHL households,  the sampling located at Sei Mangkei Village. From the calculation of the index has been obtained that result households resilience index a value of 0,35. That means livelihood resilience of BHL household is low when there has been a landscape change at afdeling I divided Sei Mangkei SEZ
Kajian Potensi Perkebunan Rakyat di Provinsi Sumatera Utara Menggunakan Location Quetiont dan Shift Share
Authors: Br Bangun Rita Herawaty
Published: August 2018

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi distribusi sektor-sektor perkebunan rakyat di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah analisis location quetiont (LQ) dan analisis shift share. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa komoditas yang menjadi unggulan/basis Provinsi Sumatera Utara adalah kelapa sawit. Sedangkan komoditas yang menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang signifikan antara tahun 2011-2015 adalah karet, kopi, coklat, cengkeh, tembakau, pala, lada, kapuk dan panili. Analisis differirential shift menunjukkan bahwa karet, kopi, kelapa sawit, coklat,cengkeh, kulit manis, kemiri, tembakau, tebu, pala, lada, kapuk, pinang dan vanili mempunyai pertumbuhan yang lebih cepat dan memiliki daya saing yang tinggi.

 

Kata kunci : perkebunan rakyat, Location quetiont, shift share.
PENGARUH HARGA, KUALITAS, KERAGAMAN PRODUK DAN LOKASI PASAR TERHADAP PREFERENSI KONSUMEN DALAM MEMBELI PRODUK PERTANIAN DI PASAR TRADISIONAL BRASTAGI
Authors: Sembiring Rasmulia
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh harga, kualitas dan keragaman produk, serta lokasi pasar terhadap preferensi konsumen dalam membeli produk pertanian di Pasar Tradisional Brastagi. Pengambilan sampel diambil dengan menggunakan metode jenis purposive sampling, dimana sampel merupakan pelanggan pasar tradisional yang telah berkunjung lebih dari 2 kali dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 60 responden. Adapun variabel yang akan diteliti adalah harga, kualitas produk, keragaman produk  dan lokasi pasar.  Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua variabel harga, kualitas, keseragaman produk dan lokasi pasar berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap preferensi konsumen
SISTEM TATANIAGA TANDAN BUAH SEGAR DI KECAMATAN WAMPU, KABUPATEN LANGKAT, SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Ananda Fajar Rezeki
Published: August 2018

Kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang dijadikan sebagai komoditas unggulan di Kecamatan Wampu, Kabupaten Langkat, Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Terdapat perbedaan yang cukup besar pada harga yang ditawarkan di tingkat petani dengan harga yang ditawarkan di tingkat konsumen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi saluran tataniaga dan efisiensi saluran tataniaga tandan buah segar (TBS) kelapa sawit yang terbentuk. Penentuan responden petani dilakukan secara purposive sampling sebanyak 30 orang dan responden lembaga tataniaga menggunakan metode snowball sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga saluran tataniaga TBS kelapa sawit yang terbentuk. Secara umum, sistem tataniaga TBS yang terbentuk tersebut belum efisien. Saluran yang paling banyak digunakan oleh petani adalah saluran I (petani-agen kecil-Agen besar-pabrik kelapa sawit) yang memiliki nilai marjin yang tinggi serta farmer’s share yang rendah.
The Problem of Slavery in American Politics
Authors: Woods Michael E.
Published: August 2018

Abundant scholarship exists on slavery and politics in the antebellum United States, but the three works reviewed break new ground by revisiting the basic categories and concepts used to analyze political history. Slavery intersected with a variety of other interests, values, and priorities, from national unity to racial hierarchy. By addressing how white Americans made sense of their often conflicting or contradictory feelings about slavery in the United States, the authors of these three works creatively integrate cultural and intellectual history into their political analyses, enhancing our understanding of the political polarization that led to disunion. Together, they highlight neglected aspects of the multifaceted conflict over American slavery and model several innovative approaches to political history.
Encouraging Trends of Women’s Politics in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Saeed Ahmad , Bakhtiar Khan , Ijaz Khalid
Published: August 2018

Modern democratic age is based on the philosophy of |ONE-MAN ONEVOTE". Women constitute more than 50% of the world population. Pakistan's Constitution of 1973 has guaranteed women's political rights, equally with men. The general elections of 2002 and 2008 witnessed greater women political participations compared to the elections of 20th Century. The 9/11 incident and un-natural death of Benazir Bhutto left society plagued with extremism, fundamentalism and terrorism. In many instances, the war on terror crossed 'Durand-Line' and affected Pakistan, especially Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and FATA, where every second family faced causality. Vested interests and international media focused on the region and sketched it from darkness to table of discussion. The reports of FAFEN, IDEA, PILDAT, European Union Observation Mission and Election Commission of Pakistan also acknowledged the truth that political participation of women has accelerated in Pakistan tremendously by means of casting votes, launching elections campaigns and contesting elections on general seats.
Deep brain stimulation for appetite disorders: a review
Authors: Whiting Alexander C. , Oh Michael Y. , Whiting Donald M.
Published: August 2018

The mechanisms of appetite disorders, such as refractory obesity and anorexia nervosa, have been vigorously studied over the last century, and these studies have shown that the central nervous system has significant involvement with, and responsibility for, the pathology associated with these diseases. Because deep brain stimulation has been shown to be a safe, efficacious, and adjustable treatment modality for a variety of other neurological disorders, it has also been studied as a possible treatment for appetite disorders. In studies of refractory obesity in animal models, the ventromedial hypothalamus, the lateral hypothalamus, and the nucleus accumbens have all demonstrated elements of success as deep brain stimulation targets. Multiple targets for deep brain stimulation have been proposed for anorexia nervosa, with research predominantly focusing on the subcallosal cingulate, the nucleus accumbens, and the stria terminalis and medial forebrain bundle. Human deep brain stimulation studies that focus specifically on refractory obesity and anorexia nervosa have been performed but with limited numbers of patients. In these studies, the target for refractory obesity has been the lateral hypothalamus, ventromedial hypothalamus, and nucleus accumbens, and the target for anorexia nervosa has been the subcallosal cingulate. These studies have shown promising findings, but further research is needed to elucidate the long-term efficacy of deep brain stimulation for the treatment of appetite disorders.
Deep brain stimulation for intractable neuropathic facial pain
Authors: Ben-Haim Sharona , Mirzadeh Zaman , Rosenberg William S.
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established, evidence-based therapy with FDA approval for Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor. Despite the early successful use of DBS to target the sensory thalamus for intractable facial pain, subsequent studies pursuing various chronic pain syndromes reported variable efficacy, keeping DBS for pain as an investigational and “off-label” use. The authors report promising results for a contemporary series of patients with intractable facial pain who were treated with DBS.

METHODS

Pain outcomes for 7 consecutive patients with unilateral, intractable facial pain undergoing DBS of the ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus (VPM) and the periaqueductal gray (PAG) were retrospectively reviewed. Pain was assessed preoperatively and at multiple postoperative time points using the visual analog scale (VAS), the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire-2 (SF-MPQ-2), and the Pain Disability Index (PDI).

RESULTS

VAS scores significantly decreased from a mean ± SD of 9.0 ± 1.3 preoperatively to 2.6 ± 1.5 at 1 year postoperatively (p = 0.001). PDI scores decreased from a mean total of 48.5 to 28.5 (p = 0.01). SF-MPQ-2 scores decreased from a mean of 4.6 to 2.4 (p = 0.03). Notably, several patients did not experience maximum improvement until 6–9 months postoperatively, correlating with repeated programming adjustments.

CONCLUSIONS

DBS of the VPM and PAG is a potential therapeutic option for patients suffering from severe, intractable facial pain refractory to other interventions. Improved efficacy may be observed over time with close follow-up and active DBS programming adjustments.
Bilateral amygdala stimulation reduces avoidance behavior in a predator scent posttraumatic stress disorder model
Authors: Dengler Bradley A. , Hawksworth Shane A. , Berardo Laura , McDougall Ian , Papanastassiou Alexander M.
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE

The predator scent model of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) produces prolonged abnormal anxiety and avoidance-like behaviors. Increased basolateral amygdala activity has been shown to correlate with severity of PTSD symptoms in human studies. Modulation of this increased amygdala activity by deep brain stimulation led to improved symptoms in prior studies that used a foot shock model of inducing PTSD. The predator scent model is a different technique that induces long-lasting avoidance behavioral responses by exposing the animal to an inescapable scent of one of its predators. The authors hypothesize that high-frequency stimulation of the bilateral basolateral amygdala will decrease avoidance and anxiety-like behaviors in a predator scent rodent model of PTSD.

METHODS

Rodents underwent cat urine exposure in a place preference protocol. Avoidance in the place preference paradigm and anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze were measured before and after high-frequency stimulation.

RESULTS

Predator scent exposure resulted in long-term significant avoidance behavior in rodents. Bilateral stimulation significantly decreased avoidance behavior in rodents compared to no stimulation following predator scent exposure. There were no significant differences in anxiety behaviors on the elevated plus maze between stimulated and unstimulated cohorts.

CONCLUSIONS

Bilateral stimulation of the basolateral amygdala leads to decreased avoidance behavior compared to controls in a predator scent model of PTSD.
Peran Keluarga dan Petugas Kesehatan Terhadap Lama Menyusui Bayi
Authors: Sondakh Jenny Jeltje Sophia , Yuliani Ita , Yuliani Ita
Published: August 2018

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara berkembang dengan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) tinggi. AKB tahun 2017 sebanyak 10.294 kasus (Kemenkes RI) dan disebabkan oleh infeksi dan hipotermi. Inisiasi menyusui dini (IMD) dan ASI eksklusif adalah satu upaya penurunan infeksi penyebab AKB, karena ASI eksklusif memberi manfaat kekebalan bagi bayi agar tidak mudah sakit, dan lamanya pemberian ASI eksklusif menjadi tanggung jawab ibu dan juga keluarga: suami, orang tua, mertua, dan tenaga kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peranan keluarga dan petugas kesehatan terhadap lama menyusui pada bayi usia 12 bulan dengan 40 responden. Pengolahan dan analisa data menggunakan Analisa Ragam Regresi Linier Berganda. Hasil yang didapatkan, dukungan suami mempengaruhi lama menyusui pada bayi usia 12 bulan dengan Thitung  0,020< T0.05 yaitu 0,984. Dukungan orang tua atau mertua dengan nilai Thitung 0,898 > T0.05 yaitu 0,375. Dukungan tenaga kesehatan sebesar Thitung 0,657 > T0,05 yaitu 2,156. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dukungan tenaga kesehatan dan dukungan keluarga sangat berpengaruh pada lamanya pemberian ASI, dukungan suami kurang mempengaruhi lamanya pemberian ASI. Peran suami sangat diharapkan untuk mendukung pemberian ASI eksklusif, dan tetap ada banyak waktu dan cara untuk membantu dan mendukung keberhasilan ASI eksklusif walaupun suami bekerja, demi pemberdayaan istri atau perempuan dalam keluarga.Kata kunci : Peran keluarga, petugas kesehatan, lama menyusui
INTERVENSI GAYA HIDUP TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN OBESITAS PADA REMAJA DI SMP KHADIJAH KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Rosdiana Rosdiana
Published: August 2018

Overweight telah menjadi pandemi global di seluruh dunia dan dinyatakan oleh World Health Organization (WHO) sebagai masalah kesehatan kronis terbesar. Penelitian ini untuk bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh variabel independen intervensi gaya hidup terhadap variabel dependen pencegahan obesitas. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah Quasy Eksperiment dengan pre-test and post-test. Populasi pada penelitian ini semua siswa SMP Khadijah Kota Makassar yang tergolong overweight dan obesitas. Sedangkan Sampel sebanyak 14 Siswa. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa ada perubahan status gizi siswa (1 normal) tetapi tidak ada pengaruh secara bermakna antara intervensi gaya hidup terhadap status gizi baik pada kelompok perlakuan (ρ = 0,107) maupun kelompok kontrol (ρ = 0,081). Sedangkan untuk pola makan dan asupan gizi ada perubahan pola makan dan asupan gizi siswa (3 baik) tetapi tidak ada pengaruh secara bermakna antara intervensi gaya hidup terhadap pola makan dan asupan gizi siswa baik pada kelompok perlakuan (ρ = 1) maupun kelompok kontrol (ρ = 0,060). Pada aktivitas fisik tidak ada perubahan dan pengaruh yang bermakna antara intervensi gaya hidup baik pada kelompok perlakuan maupun kelompok kontrol dengan nilai (ρ = 0,59). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan  bahwa intervensi gaya hidup dapat memberikan perubahan yang cukup terhadap status gizi siswa, pola makan dan asupan gizinya walaupun dari hasil analisis statistik tidak memberikan perubahan yang bermakna secara signifikan. Sedangkan untuk aktivitas fisik, intervensi gaya hidup belum dapat memberikan prubahan yang cukup dan dari hasil analisis statistik juga menunjukkan tidak ada perubahan yang bermakna secara signifikan. Adapun saran yang terkait dengan penelitian ini adalah sebaiknya ada kerja sama bagi semua pihak dalam mengupayakan pencegahan terhadap kejadian obesitas pada remaja dengan mengubah gaya hidupnya yang meliputi pola makan dan aktivitas fisik.
They Will Ask You
Authors: Beebe Chanel
Published: August 2018

Point of view:  I am an African-American female engineer in the white-male dominated field of Engineering. Value: Insight into invisible experiences and a tool for discussion and unpacking subtleties of systematic disparities and injustices.
PENGARUH KOMPENSASI TERHADAP DISIPLIN KARYAWAN DI PT.PUTERA PAPAN HUTAMA
Authors: Sasangka Indra , Suwarna Asep , Juliansyah Rana
Published: August 2018

Implementation of the activity or activities in an organization is busy cally intended to achieve the goals or objectives that have been shet he previously. Employee performance is the work of employees in performing their duties in accordance with the responsibilities assigned to all employees.  Compentation is believed to affect the performace of the employess discipline and PT Putera Papan Hutama.

The method used is descriptive method verivikatif case study approach, using data collected with a list of question prepared by the scale option five to 37 employees PT Putera Papan Hutama as the respondent. Data processing technique used is to use the correlation coefificient analisis, Sample linear regression coefficients and determinants.

By using the SPSS software program to find The effect compentation amounting the value of employees disciplined PT Putera Papan Hutama by 65,4 % and 34,6 % is influenced by other variables that are not in meticulous.
Analisis Dan Simulasi Spektrum Sinyal AM Dengan Menggunakan Matlab
Authors: Khairunnisa Khairunnisa
Published: August 2018

Modulasi amplitudo (Amplitude Modulation / AM) adalah proses penumpangan sinyal pembawa terhadap sinyal informasi dimana amplitudo sinyal pembawa yang dipancarkan berubah mengikuti perubahan amplitudo sinyal informasi. Salah satu cara memahami  mekanisme sinyal AM adalah dengan memahami karakteristik fisik sinyal AM. Ini adalah hal yang tidak mudah karena sinyal AM melibatkan persamaan matematika kompleks. Perangkat lunak yang digunakan adalah GUI Matlab. Analisis dilakukan dengan terlebih dahulu menentukan persamaan matematis sinyal AM dan komponen parameter sinyal yaitu amplitudo dan frekuensi. Selanjutnya membuat desain template figure, mengatur properti komponen setiap UIControl, membuat listing programnya untuk kemudian dianalisis dengan memasukkan nilai parameter amplitudo sinyal yang berbeda untuk menghasilkan nilai indeks modulasi (mA) yang bervariasi yaitu 0.25, 0.5, 1 dan 1.5. Frekuensi informasi sebesar 250 Hz dan 500 Hz, frekuensi pembawa 1,5 kHz dan 400 Hz.  Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa  batas-batas nilai indeks modulasi (mA) yang ideal adalah : 0 £ mA £ 1 dengan frekuensi sinyal pembawa harus lebih tinggi daripada sinyal informasi.
Optimasi Algoritma Naive Bayes Menggunakan Metode Cross Validation Untuk Meningkatkan Akurasi Prediksi Tingkat Kelulusan Tepat Waktu
Authors: Samponu Yohakim Benedictus , Kusrini Kusrini
Published: August 2018

Education at this time is an important requirement in facing the demands of an increasingly advanced era in technolo-gy. To compensate this, the existing educational standards in universities must also be improved, this is a bit much affect the pattern of teaching from universities that produce qualified graduates who can compete in the world of work later and indirectly give a positive impact on the university itself. Qualified graduates are of course not only depending on the role of a university but also majors and quality of education as long as students are still in high school / vocational school also plays an important role. Results of the on-time graduation rate prediction research can be used as an information to im-prove the quality and optimization of the education system but it requires a maximum degree of accuracy. This research predicts on time graduation rates by conducting analysis using data mining classification techniques. Naïve Bayes algo-rithm that are used for this research will be discussed as a reference in conducting research. The author performs a series of different experimental scenarios / cross validation to perform comparisons that can give a difference in the level of ac-curacy gained from this research. The results of this research indicate that with the addition of Cross Validation testing scenario there is an increase of 2% accuracy of the test.
Modelling of a Partially Loaded Road Tanker during a Braking-in-a-Turn Maneuver
Authors: Otremba Frank , Romero Navarrete José A. , Lozano Guzmán Alejandro A.
Published: August 2018

Road safety depends on several factors associated with the vehicle, to the infrastructure, as well as to the environment and experience of vehicle drivers. Concerning the vehicle factors influencing the safety level of an infrastructure, it has been shown that the dynamic interaction between the carried liquid cargo and the vehicle influences the operational safety limits of the vehicle. A combination of vehicle and infrastructure factors converge when a vehicle carrying liquid cargo at a partial fill level performs a braking maneuver along a curved road segment. Such a maneuver involves both longitudinal and lateral load transfers that potentially affect both the braking efficiency and the lateral stability of the vehicle. In this paper, a series of models are set together to simulate the effects of a sloshing cargo on the braking efficiency and load transfer rate of a partially filled road tanker. The model assumes the superposition of the roll and pitch independent responses, while the vehicle is equipped with Anti-lock braking System brakes (ABS) in the four wheels. Results suggest that cargo sloshing can affect the performance of the vehicle on the order of 2% to 9%, as a function of the performance measure considered. A dedicated ABS system could be considered to cope with such diminished performance.
Sustainable Weed Management for Conservation Agriculture: Options for Smallholder Farmers
Authors: Sims Brian , Corsi Sandra , Gbehounou Gualbert , Kienzle Josef , Taguchi Makiko , Friedrich Theodor
Published: August 2018

Land degradation and soil fertility deterioration are two of the main causes of agricultural production stagnation and decline in many parts of the world. The model of crop production based on mechanical soil tillage and exposed soils is typically accompanied by negative effects on the natural resource base of the farming environment, which can be so serious that they jeopardize agricultural productive potential in the future. This form of agriculture is destructive to soil health and accelerates the loss of soil by increasing its mineralization and erosion rates. Conservation agriculture, a system avoiding or minimizing soil mechanical disturbance (no-tillage) combined with soil cover and crop diversification, is considered a sustainable agro-ecological approach to resource-conserving agricultural production. A major objective of tillage is supposed to be weed control, and it does not require very specific knowledge because soil inversion controls (at least temporarily) most weeds mechanically (i.e., by way of burying them). However, repeated ploughing only changes the weed population, but does not control weeds in the long term. The same applies to the mechanical uprooting of weeds. While in the short term some tillage operations can control weeds on farms, tillage systems can increase and propagate weeds off-farm. The absence of tillage, under conservation agriculture, requires other measures of weed control. One of the ways in which this is realized is through herbicide application. However, environmental concerns, herbicide resistance and access to appropriate agro-chemicals on the part of resource-poor farmers, highlight the need for alternative weed control strategies that are effective and accessible for smallholders adopting conservation agriculture. Farmers in semi-arid regions contend with the additional challenge of low biomass production and, often, competition with livestock enterprises, which limit the potential weed-suppressing benefits of mulch and living cover crops. This paper reviews the applicability and efficacy of various mechanical, biological and integrated weed management strategies for the effective and sustainable management of weeds in smallholder conservation agriculture systems, including the role of appropriate equipment and prerequisites for smallholders within a sustainable intensification scenario.
Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci for Agronomic Traits in Winter Wheat under Different Soil Moisture Levels
Authors: El-Feki Walid M. , Byrne Patrick F. , Reid Scott D. , Haley Scott D.
Published: August 2018

Due to variable moisture conditions in the U.S. Great Plains, it is important to understand genetic control of crop traits under a range of soil moisture levels. Our objective was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for yield, phenology, and morphological traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different soil moisture conditions. Field evaluation of a winter wheat doubled haploid population (n = 185) derived from a cross between CO940610 and ‘Platte’ was carried out in Fort Collins and Greeley, Colorado, USA in 2007–2008 and 2008–2009, respectively. At each location, trials were grown under moderate drought stress and fully irrigated conditions. A total of 33 QTL for 11 traits was detected in two or more environments. A cluster of QTL for nine traits was found on chromosome 2B in the vicinity of the photoperiod response gene Ppd-B1. Other stable QTL clusters were detected on chromosome 6A and near the vernalization response gene Vrn-D3 on chromosome 7D. A QTL for grain yield on chromosome 5A was detected in three environments. With minor exceptions, the large-effect QTL were detected in both the water limited and fully irrigated environments, rather than being detected only under specific moisture levels.
Social Interactions in Two Groups of Zoo-Housed Adult Female Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) that Differ in Relatedness
Authors: Harvey Naomi D. , Daly Carolyn , Clark Natasha , Ransford Eleanor , Wallace Stefanie , Yon Lisa
Published: August 2018

Opportunities for positive social interaction are important in captive animals, and social interactions can be used as a welfare indicator. Wild elephants live in related multigenerational herds; however, in captivity they are often managed in less related groups, which could impact the quality of their social interactions, and thus their welfare. Here, we used a limited social network analysis to investigate the social interactions in two groups of four female captive Asian elephants, one of which contained individuals that were all related to one another, whilst the other was a mix of related and unrelated individuals. Data on pairwise social interactions was collected from eight days of video footage using an all-occurrence sampling technique. More affiliative, and fewer agonistic interactions were observed in the related elephant group. Additionally, non-contact displacement was observed at a higher frequency in the related elephant group, which we theorise represents an established functioning hierarchy, avoiding the need for overt aggression over resources. Although kinship is not likely to be the only factor affecting captive elephant social behaviour, these findings support the recommendation that for optimal welfare, elephants should be managed in multigenerational family herds. Evaluations of social interactions such as those conducted here would have wider applicability for aiding the management of any captive social species to identify when groups might be incompatible.
Solvent Extraction of Polyphenolics from the Indigenous African Fruit Ximenia caffra and Characterization by LC-HRMS
Authors: Oosthuizen Dewald , Goosen Neill J. , Stander Maria A. , Ibrahim Aliyu D. , Pedavoah Mary-Magdalene , Usman Grace O. , Aderinola Taiwo
Published: August 2018

Indigenous and non-commercial fruits can be an important source of antioxidant polyphenols; however, the identity and content of polyphenols from non-commercial fruits are often poorly described. The study aimed to extract, identify, and quantify polyphenols from the skin of the indigenous Africa fruit Ximenia caffra, using solvent extraction. Three solvents (hexane, acetone, and 70% v/v ethanol) over three extraction times (30, 60 and 120 min) were used in a 32 full factorial experimental design to determine effects on polyphenol recovery, and individual polyphenolics were characterised using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Ethanol was the most effective extraction solvent, and extracts had high levels of total phenolics and flavonoids (65 mg gallic and 40 mg catechin equivalents per gram dry sample respectively), and high antioxidant activity (18.2 mg mL−1 ascorbic acid equivalents). LC-HRMS positively identified 16 compounds, of which 14 were flavonoids including flavonoid glycosides, and indicated that concentrations of some flavonoids decreased for extraction times beyond 60 min. It was concluded that the fruit of Ximenia caffra is rich in natural polyphenolic antioxidants; the present work identified and quantified a number of these, while also establishing suitable solvent extraction conditions for the recovery of these potentially high-value compounds.
Hybrid Laminate for Haptic Input Device with Integrated Signal Processing
Authors: Schmidt René , Graf Alexander , Decker Ricardo , Kräusel Verena , Hardt Wolfram , Landgrebe Dirk , Kroll Lothar
Published: August 2018

Achieving lightweight construction through only material substitution does not realize the full potential of producing a lightweight material, hence, it is no longer sufficient. Weight-saving goals are best achieved through additional function integration. In order to implement this premise for mass production, a manufacturing process for joining and forming hybrid laminates using a new tool concept is presented. All materials used are widely producible and processable. The manufactured cover of an automotive center console serves to demonstrate a human interface device with impact detection and action execution. This is only possible through a machine learning system, which is implemented on a small—and thus space- and energy-saving—embedded system. The measurement results confirm the objective and show that localization was sufficiently accurate.