bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
práxis educativo-política dos movimentos camponeses e indígenas latino-americanos e a organização da cultura
Authors: Barbosa Lia Pinheiro
Published: March 2022

O artigo analisa o processo de organização da cultura e da disputa hegemônica no âmbito da práxis educativo-política dos movimentos indígenas e camponeses na América Latina. Para tanto, aborda-se o conceito de hegemonia atrelado ao caráter periférico dos nossos países, em que o projeto histórico de desenvolvimento é atravessado por um neocolonialismo e uma integração capitalista dependente e subordinada. Outrossim, argumenta-se que o processo de formação do intelectual orgânico não se restringe a uma tarefa exercida unicamente por um partido revolucionário e popular. A história política latino-americana é cenário de muitas lutas e rebeliões articuladas por diferentes organizações e movimentos populares de caráter urbano e rural.  Para o caso dos projetos educativo-políticos articulados pelos movimentos indígenas e camponeses, identificam-se quatro premissas: (1) A construção de um processo educativo que permita a interpretação crítica do processo histórico de formação sociocultural e política da América Latina e que promova uma ruptura com a dialética colonial, patriarcal, racista e classista da opressão historicamente erigida na região; (2) A formação do intelectual orgânico intrínseco aos seus próprios processos organizativos; (3) O vínculo com uma crítica onto-epistêmica da imposição do paradigma moderno ocidental capitalista eurocentrado como alma mater e cânone interpretativo do mundo e das relações socioculturais, de produção e política; e (4) Constitutiva de uma disputa hegemônica como força social e histórica, na qual a práxis educativo-pedagógica é concebida como um projeto de hegemonia, o que exige a gênese de uma nova cultura política que responda aos desafios da crise civilizatória.
Patient’s Rights in Iran and Iraq
Authors:   Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Bahshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Al-Khafaji Murtadha , Sajit Noorh ,   Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Bahshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Bazmi Shabnam ,   Department of Medical Ethics, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Bahshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Kiani Mehrzad ,   Department of Medical Ethics, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Bahshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Background: The aim of this study was to compare, review, and evaluate the studies on patients right in Iran and Iraq. Methods: This is a review study conducted by searching the Iranian and Iraqi databanks, such as Scientific Information Database (SID), Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology, Iran Medex, Iraqi Academic scientific journals, and Google Scholar for both Iranian and Iraqi articles from 2002 to 2017 using the keywords, such as “Patient Rights”, “Patient Rights Charter”, “Patient Rights Observance”, “Iraq”, “Iran”, and “Patient Awareness and Rights”. Results: Of a total of 32 Iranian and Iraqi articles, only 25 articles met the aim of our study. Conclusion: The growing number of articles published indicates that from 1999 forwards, this topic began to attract the attention of Iranian researchers in a gradual manner, as for the Iraqi researchers, their attention has been attracted from 2013 onwards. Also, despite the poor knowledge of physicians about the patients’ rights in Iran, they have shown acceptable awareness and attitude regarding some patients’ rights. The same is true for Iraqi doctors and health care providers, but they have shown unsatisfactory consequences for some of the rights of Iraqi patients. Patient education through media and careful observation of the patient rights charter, and educating healthcare professionals, and developing professional training on patients’ legal rights by engaging them in educational sessions and lectures on patient rights is necessary. Adequate monitoring of practice according to the patient charter is strongly suggested.
Ampicillin-Sulbactam for the Treatment of Aspiration Pneumonia in Patients with Opioid Overdose: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Tabatabaei Mohammadreza , Soltani Rasool ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Dorvashy Gholamali ,   Isfahan Clinical Toxicology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Samsamshariat Shiva ,   Isfahan Clinical Toxicology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Meamar Rokhsareh ,   Isfahan Clinical Toxicology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Sabzghabaee Ali Mohammad ,   Isfahan Clinical Toxicology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Background: Aspiration pneumonia is among overdose complications, requiring timely appropriate treatment. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of ampicillin-sulbactam, compared to our usual regimen ceftriaxone + clindamycin on aspiration pneumonia in opioid-poisoned patients. Methods: In a randomized-controlled clinical trial, opioid-poisoned patients with aspiration pneumonia were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups to receive ampicillin-sulbactam 3 g Intravenously (IV) every 6 hours (experimental group) and ceftriaxone 1 g IV every 12 hours + clindamycin 600 mg IV every 8 hours (control group) followed by co-amoxiclav 625 mg orally every 8 hours and cefixime 400 mg once daily + clindamycin 600 mg orally every 8 hours in experimental and control groups, respectively, to complete a 7-day course of therapy. White blood cell count and temperature (axillary) at baseline and the third day of the intervention and the treatment outcome on the third day of the intervention, defined as either complete response, partial response, or failure, were evaluated and recorded for all patients. Results: Except for the number of cases of leukocytosis on the third day of the intervention, i.e., lower in the control group (5 patients, 26.30%) than the experimental group (13 patients, 68.40%) (P=0.020), no significant difference was observed between the study groups regarding other outcome variables. Clinical response was similar between the study groups; so that, 10.50% and 63.20% of patients in the experimental group and 21.10% and 47.4% of patients in the control group presented complete and partial responses, respectively (P=0.550). Conclusion: The obtained data suggested that ampicillin-sulbactam is an effective antibiotic for the treatment of aspiration pneumonia in patients with opioid overdose, in which case, it has the same efficacy as the two-drug regimen of ceftriaxone + clindamycin.
Medical Malpractices in Tehran Public Hospitals Referred to the Forensic Medicine Commission of Tehran Province in 2018: An Analytical Review
Authors:   Clinical Research Development Center of Shohada-ye-Tajrish Hospital, Vice- Chancellor in Research Affairs, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Najari Fares , Khoshnevis Jalaluddin ,   Clinical Research Development Center of Shohada-ye-Tajrish Hospital, Vice- Chancellor in Research Affairs, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Javaheri Zahra ,   Clinical Research Development Center of Shohada-ye-Tajrish Hospital, Vice- Chancellor in Research Affairs, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Najari Dorsa ,   Clinical Research Development Center of Shohada-ye-Tajrish Hospital, Vice- Chancellor in Research Affairs, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Background: The current status of medical malpractice in Tehran medical centers is unclear, while understanding the situation may help the authorities carefully plan, continuously monitor and, consequently, be sensitive to eliminate the weaknesses. Hence, the present study aimed at investigating the existing problems. Methods: In the present Descriptive and cross-sectional study, all patients complaining of the medical staff of public hospitals affiliated to three medical sciences universities (i e, Tehran, Iran, Shahid Beheshti, and Baqiyatallah) were evaluated in terms of demographic characteristics, physicians gender, the type of hospital, the type of specialty, the type of staff, and reason for complaint (disability, death) using a data collection form, and the results were analyzed in SPSS version 18 using the Chi-square and Fisher tests. P-value <0.01 was considered the level of significance. Results: Most of the filed complaints were against hospitals affiliated to Tehran and Shahid Beheshti universities of medical sciences, and 66% against private centers. Most cases won in the court were against general practitioners, dentists, general surgeons, and hospital technicians. The number of malpractices proven for teaching hospitals was significantly lower than that of non-teaching ones. Given the prevalence of plastic surgery in Iranian society, the number of complaints filed from female patients was two-thirds of male ones; almost 50% aged 21-40 years. For some reason, more than three-fourths of wrongful death complaints were for female patients. Conclusion: Complaints of medical malpractice in hospitals are an integral part of physicians and nursing staff work, as the saying goes: an unwritten dictation has no errors.
Quality of Life and Mental Health in Iranian Transgender Womefx qn per Socio-Demographic Differences
Authors:   Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Nematollahi Azar , Farnam Farnaz ,   Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Damghanian Maryam ,   Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Gharibzadeh Safoora ,   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran., Gholamzadeh Saeid ,   Vice Chancellor in Administration and Resources Development affairs, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran.,   Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Background: Mental health issues and quality of life are among the critical items of general health in individuals, especially transgender subjects. The present study aimed to assess the quality of life, depression, anxiety, and stress in transgender women and determine the factors contributing to them. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 127 Iranian transgender women using a convenience sampling method from August 2019 to April 2020. The Quality of Life (QOL) was determined using the World Health Organization (WHO) Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). The DASS-21 questionnaire was employed to evaluate the subjects’ anxiety, depression, and stress. Results: In total, 48% of the individuals had a moderate QOL. The highest score was achieved in the physical health dimension and the lowest in social relationships. Depression, anxiety, and stress were severe and extremely severe in 22%, 20.4%, and 17.3% of the subjects, respectively. A significant relationship was observed between the overall perception of QOL and depression, anxiety, and stress (P<0.001). A significant positive association was observed between the subscales of QOL and education and favorable economic status among transgender women. Furthermore, a significant negative correlation existed between the subscales of QOL with age and sexual violence. Regarding mental health, education had a significant relationship with reduced stress and anxiety, and good economic status had a significant relationship with reduced depression. Still, sexual violence was associated with increased stress in individuals. Conclusion: The present study results emphasize that transgender women are at risk of mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, and stress. These conditions are in close association with the quality of life in this population. Moreover, considering the high sexual violence in transgender women of the present study and its considerable effects on mental health disorders, there is a strong need to develop violence prevention services in the community and legal protections in this area. The culture of preventing violence against women in society should be emphasized, and education to families should be considered the first line of prevention.
The Relationship Between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder After Childbirth and Social Support and Marital Satisfaction
Authors:   Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Tajik Masoumeh , Emamhadi Mohammadali ,   Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Amir Ali Akbari Sedigheh ,   Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ahmadi Doulabi Mahbobeh ,   Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Reza NejadAsl Parisa ,   Department of Biostatistics, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Background: Childbirth is among the most significant and pleasant events in a woman’s life. This event can be a traumatic event and a threat to the mother’s mental health. This study recognizes the relationship between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) after childbirth and social support and marital satisfaction. Methods: This Cross-sectional analytical study was performed on a sample of 400 mothers who had delivered at Shohadaye-15-Khordad Hospital in Varamin (in two groups with & without PTSD). The research instruments include the Demographic, Midwifery, Neonatal Factors checklist, Enrich Marital Satisfaction, Weinfeld and Tigman Social Support, and the PTSD Symptoms Scale. We used SPSS to analyze the descriptive and Pearson correlation and logistic regression data. A P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The prevalence of PTDS in this study was equal to 16.8%. There was no significant correlation between the mean of the total score of PTSD in all dimensions with social support (P>0.05). Marital satisfaction significantly affected the probability of PTSD after childbirth (P=0.001). There was a significant correlation between PTSD total score and dimension of avoidance symptoms and infant gender (P=0.038). There was also a significant correlation between gestational age and avoidance symptoms (P=0.001) and type of nutrition feeding and motivational symptoms (P=0.041) of PTSD dimensions. Conclusion: According to the relationship between marital satisfaction and PTSD, it is recommended to design suitable interventions to improve the marital status and promptly diagnose the susceptible mothers to prevent the spread of this complication.
Identifikasi Gangguan Jaringan Dengan Metode Certainty Factor Di PT.Telkom Malang Guna Peningkatan Pelayanan Customer
Authors: Prasetyo Egar Abdi
Published: March 2022

Telkom Malang merupakan Badan Usaha Milik Negara yang bergerak dibidang jasa layanan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dengan produknya yang bernama Internet Digital Home (INDIHOME). Aktifitas pemasangan hingga penanganan gangguan jaringan menjadi tanggung jawab PT. Telkom untuk mendapat good customer value. Tetapi fakta dilapangan jumlah gangguan yang meningkat membuat teknisi kewalahan mengerjakan work order dan berakibat antrian penanganan gangguan menjadi lama. Sementara penanganan gangguan terutama logic incident dapat dilakukan oleh pelanggan dengan bantuan pengembangan sistem informasi berupa sistem penunjang keputusan. Sistem penunjang keputusan penyelesaian gangguan jaringan Indihome dengan metode Certainty Factor sangat membantu pelanggan untuk mendapatkan solusi menangani gangguan jaringan Indihome yang berdampak penurunan gangguan dan menguntungkan bagi PT Telkom. Sehingga PT Telkom dapat memonitoring gangguan dan menjadi bahan evaluasi untuk memperbaiki kualitas produknya, serta guna peningkatan pelayanan customer.
Aplikasi Posyandu Berbasis Android Studi Kasus Puskesmas Mowbja
Authors: Saleh Arif Fatur Rahman , Oktavia Chaulina Alfianti , Anita Anita
Published: March 2022

Posyandu ialah salah satu wujud upaya kesehatan bersumber daya penduduk yang dikelola serta diselenggarakan dari, oleh, untuk, serta bersama penduduk dalam penyelenggaraan pembangunan kesehatan, guna memberdayakan penduduk serta berikan kemudahan penduduk dalam mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan dasar. Namun itu semua tidak didukung dengan sarana yang baik dalam menyampaikan informasi. Proses kelola dan pendaftaran cukup merepotkan untuk kader dan bidan dengan adanya kendala-kendala yang sering di temui. Prosesnya yang manual dan tidak efesien hal ini dapat memakan waktu yang cukup lama. Pada penelitian ini, akan dirancang sebuah aplikasi posyandu android. Pembuatan aplikasi ini menggunakan cara analisis permasalahan dan perancangan perangkat lunak disertai pengujian terhadap perangkat lunaknya. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa memantau serta mengelola informasi Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak( KIA).
Effects of sample holder characteristics on thermal diffusivity measurement using the laser flash method
Authors: Zhanbin Liu , Yaling He , Tao Jiang
Published: March 2022

The laser flash method is commonly adopted to measure the thermal diffusivity of solid material since its advantages, such as a wide measuring range of thermal diffusivity, a small amount of samples, a high measuring temperature, and so on. However, the sample holders used by this method are limited and costly, which seriously affects the convenience and economy of this method. So, in order to develop and design more kinds of sample holders, it is necessary to study the effects of sample holder characteristics on measuring results. A transient flow and heat transfer calculation model was developed to analyse effects of pulse energy, pulse time, laser beam area, protective gas flow and sample holder materials on the thermal diffusivity measurement. It is found that the temperature increase of the sample upper surface ΔT obviously increases with pulse energy, pulse time and laser beam area increasing, but the half heating up time t50 slightly decreases with theses parameters increasing. ΔT and t50 are independent to the volume flow rate of protective gas. The heat transfer process and mechanism between sample and holders with various materials were analysed. The heat loss of samples depends on the heat conduction and radiation between sample and holder, the heat convection and radiation from sample to protective gas. The thermal conductivity, specific heat and emissivity of holder materials can affect the heat conduction and radiation between sample and holder slightly. So the ΔT and t50 are nearly independent to the holder material properties. Based on these conclusions, a new SUS310 holder was made, and the thermal diffusivity of a sample was experimentally measured using the new holder. As a result, the measuring error is less than ±3%.
Inter-laboratory comparison on thermal conductivity measurements by the guarded hot plate method between LNE and Institute VINČA
Authors: Hay Bruno , Milošević Nenad , Hameury Jacques , Stepanić Nenad , Failleau Guillaume , Garcia Yann , Koenen Alain , Filtz Jean-Rémy
Published: March 2022

An inter-laboratory comparison has been organized between LNE and Institute VINČA, respectively French National Metrology Institute and Serbian Designated Institute for thermal properties metrology, on thermal conductivity measurements by the guarded hot plate method. The main objective was to validate the measurement capabilities of VINČA in terms of thermal conductivity in the temperature range from 10 °C to 50 °C by using the facility improved in the frame of the European project Eura-Thermal.
The measurements were carried out on expanded polystyrene boards using guarded hot plate apparatuses (two-specimen GHP apparatuses) in accordance with the international standard ISO 8302. The measurement programme was defined taking into account the major characteristics of the guarded hot plate apparatuses used, such as specimen dimensions and temperature and thermal conductivity ranges. Specimens were machined by LNE from a same batch for both participants. Prior to the measurements, the homogeneity of the set of specimens, as well as the influence of a variation of density of the expanded polystyrene on the thermal conductivity measurements were studied by VINČA.
Effect of geometrical parameters on the performance of nanofluid-based single phase natural circulation mini loops
Authors: Çobanoğlu Nur , Alaboud Mohmmad , Karadeniz Ziya Haktan
Published: March 2022

Single phase natural circulation loops are widely used passive systems in heat transfer applications. Since achievement of stable flow and highly efficient heat transfer is the main concern of recent studies, effects of geometry and the working fluid on the single phase natural circulation loops’ performance are getting attention. In this study, aspect ratio and pipe diameter effect on thermo-hydraulic performance of mini SPNCLs (SPNCmLs) has been investigated numerically by developing a 3D steady model. Water based Al2O3 nanofluid (1, 2, 3 vol. %) was used as a working fluid. Performance and characteristics of the loop for different working fluids is evaluated by using temperature distributions, mass flow rates and derived non-dimensional parameters. It is shown that pipe diameter effect on the heat transfer performance is more significant compared to aspect ratio. Moreover, nanofluids have higher temperatures and thus effectiveness values compared to water. In order to generalize the SPNCmL performance Num and Ress correlations were developed within the accuracy of ±10%.
Exergy and energy analysis on coal/biomass co-gasification in supercritical water
Authors: Luo Jieren , Yan Qiuhui , Feng Zhao , Zhang Min , Yang Yaxin
Published: March 2022

Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) is a promising technology for clean and efficient utilization of carbonaceous organic materials at high temperature and pressure. Coal/biomass co-gasification in supercritical water (SCW) is a better choice for both coal and biomass to offset their disadvantages. Therefore, based on the experimental results of coal/carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, as a model compound of biomass) co-gasification in SCW by continuous flow thermal-catalytic reaction system at a reactor wall temperature of 650 �C, pressure of 25 MPa, a residence time 30 s and 0.1 wt% NaOH additive, the effects of heat transfer efficiency, heat supply methods, and CMC fraction on exergy and energy efficiency of reactor (the core device in reaction system) were investigated. The results show that energy and exergy efficiencies are in excess of 69% and 43%, respectively. The priority order of heat supply for the reactor is as follow: lower temperature heat source > higher temperature heat source > direct electricity heat supply method. The heat transfer efficiency has great influence on the energy and exergy efficiencies in terms of thermophysics. The higher CMC fraction is helpful to improve exergy efficiency.
Pitching Through Storytelling
Authors: Steinberg Reece
Published: March 2022

This chapter outlines a single
interactive session aimed at students preparing for a pitching competition and highlights
tools for building and telling a pitch as a story. It uses storytelling as a method of framing
and organizing a pitch and highlights evidence on storytelling, storytelling with data, and
related subjects. Storytelling helps speakers engage and connect with an audience as well as
organize information and research. This workshop will help students consider what type
of story they would like to tell, how to tweak their story for different audiences, and how
to find and fill gaps in their story using library resources.

From the edited monograph Teaching Business Information Literacy
Tipificación de patrones en razonamiento covariacional en estudiantes de nuevo ingreso en la carrera de ingeniería
Authors: Bojorquez Gutiérrez Karla , González-Quiñones Fidel , Tarango Javier
Published: March 2022

Este artículo plantea como objetivo el análisis del nivel de razonamiento covariacional en los estudiantes de nuevo ingreso en la carrera de ingeniería de una institución pública de nivel superior, presentando para ello los datos provenientes de una investigación con una muestra de 215 estudiantes bajo un enfoque mixto y no-experimental transeccional, quienes respondieron un instrumento de medición adaptado de otros instrumentos previamente validados por sus autores. La naturaleza del estudio permitió obtener calificaciones de cada estudiante provenientes del acierto o error en la interpretación de la variabilidad de los conceptos analizados, pero también muestra una interpretación cualitativa de las razones para la elección de su respuesta, haciendo posible una interpretación más completa sobre los resultados de la prueba aplicada, la cual permitió clasificar a los sujetos participantes en el estudio en cinco diferentes niveles de razonamiento, dando pie a identificar consistencias entre la manera en que se justifica la selección de cada gráfica, así como la condición alcanzada y presentada sobre el nivel de razonamiento covariacional, mostrando como hallazgo una coordinación robusta.
Complejidad lingüística y semántica en el planteamiento de problemas por estudiantes, profesores en formación y profesores en servicio de bachillerato
Authors: Arellano García Yuridia , Hernández Cruz Lucero , Hernández Moreno Antonia
Published: March 2022

En esta investigación presentamos un análisis sobre la complejidad lingüística y matemática a propósito del planteamiento de problemas matemáticos de 34 participantes (10 estudiantes de bachillerato, 15 profesores de matemáticas de bachillerato en formación y 9 profesores de matemáticas de bachillerato en servicio), al enfrentar una tarea de invención de problema aritmético tipo historia. Se analizó su complejidad lingüística-sintáctica mediante el uso de proposiciones de asignación, relacionales y condicionales, así como su complejidad matemática mediante sus relaciones estructurales semánticas subyacentes. Encontramos que la invención de problemas con una complejidad semántica y sintáctica alta es escasa, principalmente en los profesores en servicio, quienes presentan un esquema de problemas más organizados, en contraste con profesores en formación, quienes proponen un mayor número de problemas con un elevado nivel de complejidad, pero presentando una serie de problemas poco organizados. En el caso de los estudiantes, hasta 75% de sus propuestas son de la menor complejidad, tanto sintáctica como semántica. Se destaca la similitud entre los tipos de problemas propuestos por los tres grupos estudiados. Asimismo, discutimos acerca de las ventajas de proponer actividades de invención de problemas en el aula de nivel medio superior y superior, principalmente en la formación de profesores.
Port site Infection in laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a teriary care hospital – a retrospective study
Authors: Khan Arif Salam , Eastiak Mohammad Faroque , Alam Ferdous , Sarker Shishir Sikto , Islam Md Sarower , Siddique Md Ibrahim
Published: March 2022

Port site infection(PSI) in laparoscopic surgery is not very uncommon. The main aim of this study was to assess the causes of port site infection and its management. This retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 48 patients from March 2019 to December 2020 who develop port site infection after laparoscopic cholecystectomies. Operation notes were analyzed; and swabs were taken for culture & sensitivity. Exploration and wound debride- ment with excisional biopsies were done under local anesthesia for all patients. All patients were followed-up for one year postoperatively. Factors as gender, site of infected port, types of microorganism, acute versus chronic cholecystitis, type of infection (superficial or deep infection) and intraoperative spillage of stones, bile or pus were analyzed . Age of the patients ranged from 15 years to 60 years and the mean age was 32.4 years. The female to male ratio is 2.2:1. Among the subjects, 56.25% patients suffered from acute and 43.75% suffered from chronic cholecystitis. 35.42% had a history of spillage of bile or stones in the abdomen. Considering the site of infection, 33.33% had only umbilical port site infection, 18.75% had only epigastric port infection and 47.92% had multiple port infection. 58.33% suffered from superficial infection and others had deep site infections. Histopathology reports showed granulomatous infection in case of 37.5% patients. So, special consideration should be taken in chronic deep surgical site infection as Mycobacterium tuberculosis could be the cause.
BSMMU J 2021; 14(4): 99-103
Correlation of Estimated-Glomerular Filtration Rate (e-GFR) with diabetic nephropathy and non-nephropathy patients in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Kamal Maliha , Yesmin Mst Shaila , Alam Bhuiyan Mohammad Monzurul , Hossain Shah Md Zakir , Nargis Mst Hasnahena , Ahmed Sheum , Alam Iftequar , Kamal Auni , Hadiuzzaman KBM , Sultana Tuhin
Published: March 2022

The estimated glomerular filtration (e-GFR) and serum creatinine is the screening methods of reduced renal function in patients with type-II diabetes (T2DM) in both patient with diabetic nephropathy and with no diabetic nephropathy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of e-GFR in type-II diabetes mellitus patients with diabetic nephropathy and without diabetic nephropathy.This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2020 to February 2021 in the Department of Laboratory Medicine in collaboration with Department of Nephrology, Bangbandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka involving 60 patients from the department of Nephrology, BSMMU. Among 60 patients, 30 were with diabetic nephropathy and 30 were without nephropathy. Both nephrop- athy and without nephropathy group were selected according to selection criteria. Random blood sugar (RBS), Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum creatinine and e-GFR level were measured in all patients. After data collection and processing, all statistical analysis was done by using SPSS Version 26.0. In this study, the mean(}SD) age was 50.5}11.71 in group-I and 45.53}9.97 in group-II. The difference was statistically not significant(p=0.082). It was observed that 20(66.7%) were male and 10(33.3%) were female in group I and 13(43.3%) were male and 17(56.7%) were female in group-II. Age group 51-60 years had highest percentage of nephropathy patients 9(30.0%) and 31-40 years of age group had highest percentage of diabet- ic patient without nephropathy 13(43.3%). The mean e-GFR in Group I was 47.56}35.48 and in Group II was 93.75}31.29 which was statistically significant (p=0.001). There was a signifi- cant negative correlation between serum e-GFR and serum creatinine in between Group I (r=-0.809, p<0.001) and Group II (r=-0.715, p<0.001). In conclusion, serum creatinine was higher in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with nephropathy group and mean e-GFR was significantly reduced in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with nephropathy group than without nephropathy.
BSMMU J 2021; 14(4): 109-113
Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson`s Disease patients attending at a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Habib Md Ahsan , Anwar Nayeem , Dhar Pulin Bihari , Alam Md Razibul , Paul Binoy , Karim Md Rabiul
Published: March 2022

Non-motor symptoms (NMS) are common in Parkinson’s disease (PD), affecting almost all patients during their illness. They may appear in early pre-symptomatic stage as well as throughout the disease course. This observational cross sectional study was carried out in the Movement Disorder Clinic, Department of Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka to see the presence of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. Seventy-six Parkinson’s Disease patients were recruited during October 2019 to September 2020. Presence of non–motor symptoms (NMSs) was sought by the 30-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-30). All patients (100%) of this study were suffering from one or more non-motor symptoms. Most common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease were anxiety (78%), fatigue (78%), difficulty in falling or staying sleep (75%), depression (72%), forgetfulness 72%, dizziness (68%), loss of interest in doing activities (66%), flat mood (62%), lack of pleasure (60%), restless leg (59%) & problem in sustaining concentration (50%). Other non-motor symptoms were present in less than 50% patients. Non-motor symptoms are common and often unrecognized in Parkinson`s Disease. Address- ing this issue will help to manage these symptoms and thereby improve quality of life of patients with Parkinson`s Disease.
BSMMU J 2021; 14(4): 121-124
Adaptation and validation of Bangla version of Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool
Authors: Islam Towhidul , Qusar MMA Shalahuddin , Ahsan Mohammad Shamsul , Morshed ASM , Haque Samina
Published: March 2022

Premature Ejaculation is one of the most common causes of male sexual dysfunction with prevalence rate of 20 % to 30% in different studies across the world. Premature ejaculation causes severe anxiety, embarrassment, and depression and relational conflicts. Diagnosing Premature Ejaculation can be problematic due to multidimensional nature of the disease. Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) is a psychometrically valid tool for this purpose. This was a cross-sectional, analytical study and was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. The English version of the PEDT was forward and back translated. An expert committee reviewed the translations and shared their feedbacks and opinions regarding the proposed Bangla questionnaire. Bangla version of Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool was applied to 51 patients after obtaining informed consent. The test was undertaken again after seven days. Validity (Content validity, Face validity, Factor analysis) and reliability (Internal consistency, and test–retest reliability) were assessed. The expert committee expressed their satisfaction regarding Face and Content valid- ity of the questionnaire. Factor Analysis by Principal Component Analysis revealed that the questionnaire had high level of commonalities among the items and yielded a single compo- nent model like the original version. Cronbach's Alpha () value of 0.827 indicated good level of internal consistency. Intra-class Correlation Coefficient and Spearman's rho (0.94 and 0.87 respectively) indicated significant correlation between test and retest scores. Results were congruent with findings of similar studies. The Bangla version of PEDT is a valid and reliable scale. It will help to identify patient suffering from premature ejaculation and improve quality of life of the patient and his partner.
BSMMU J 2021; 14(4): 132-137
Presenting features of locally advanced breast cancer : a crosssectional study
Authors: Ahmed Hasan Shahrear , Kundu Suman , Shams Mohammad Jahan , Hossain AFM Anwar , Rahman Md Mizanur
Published: March 2022

Worldwide, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer in women. This cross sectional study was done to assess the presenting features of locally advanced breast cancer. The mean age was 42.6 years with standard deviation 9.56, 86% were house wife, 53.5% were illiterate, 16% were postmenopausal and 75.8% had BMI of 20Kg/m2. Ninety one point five percent had menarche at or above 12 years of age and 26.6 % had history of using hormonal contraceptives. Tobacco user and positive family history were found in 21.2% and 5.35% of the cases. 84% were presented with only lump and 16% with both lump and ulceration. Right breast was involved in 51.1%. About 37% cases presented on 3rd month of their symptoms. Around 71.2% patients presented with lump >5cm in diameter, axillary lymph nodes were palpable in 81% and fixed in 31% of patients. Around Sixty three percent of patients were in stage IIIA. Still a large fraction of patients present with advanced stage with varied presentation, sometimes surgeons face difficulties to offer the treatment. Proper awareness, early presentation and early detection give them the opportunity to receive the best treatment.
BSMMU J 2021; 14(4): 148-151
Analisis Kualitas Butir Soal Ujian Sekolah Mata Pelajaran IPA Berdasarkan Dimensi Pengetahuan Faktual dan Konseptual Ditinjau Dari Konten dan Konteks
Authors: Rahmadhani Yugo , Koto Irwan Koto , Winarni Endang Widi
Published: March 2022

This study aims to describe: (1) the proportion of cognitive levels; (2) the proportion of items on the dimensions of factual and conceptual knowledge in the basic competencies of grades IV, V, and VI; 3) the quality of the items based on the dimensions of factual knowledge in terms of content and context; and 4) the quality of the items based on the dimensions of conceptual knowledge in terms of content and context on the school exam questions for the subject of Natural Sciences for the 2018/2019 academic year. This type of research is a descriptive study with the method of documentation. The results obtained are: (1) The proportion of cognitive levels, including the level of knowing (C1) as many as 7 items (17.50%), understanding level (C2) as many as 20 items (50%), the level of implementing (C3) as many as 6 items (15%), and the level of analysis (C4) as many as 7 items (17.50%); (2) The proportion of items based on the dimensions of knowledge, including the dimensions of factual knowledge for class IV as many as 7 items (17.50%), class V with 4 items (10.00%), and class VI as many as 5 items (12, 50%). The dimensions of conceptual knowledge in class IV were 4 items (10.00%), class V had 10 items (25.00%), and class VI had 10 items (25.00%); (3) The results of expert validation based on the dimensions of factual knowledge in terms of content contained 7 items (17.50%) and context there were 9 items (22.50%); and (4) The results of expert validation based on the conceptual knowledge dimension in terms of content contained 9 items (22.50%) and context there were 15 items (37.50%).
Penerapan Program Literasi Berbasis Cerita Rakyat untuk Menanamkan Perilaku Empati dan Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas IVA SDN 2 Rejang Lebong
Authors: Anggraini Ayudiah , Muktadir Abdul , Hambali Daimun
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menanamkan perilaku empati dan meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas IVa SDN 2 Rejang Lebong melalui penerapan program literasi berbasis cerita rakyat. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam 3 siklus, setiap siklus melalui tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi.  Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri atas jurnal pengamatan dan lembar hasil belajar. Data tes hasil belajar dianalisis dengan menggunakan rata-rata nilai dan persentase ketuntasan belajar klasikal, sedangkan data jurnal pengamatan dianalisis secara deskriptif dari banyaknya kemunculan indikator yang diamati. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian yaitu, pada siklus 1 terdapat 6 indikator sikap empati yang muncul dan persentase ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 53,85 % dengan nilai rata-rata 66,54. Pada siklus 2 terdapat 9 indikator sikap empati yang muncul dan persentase ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 74,07 % dengan nilai rata-rata 67,04. Pada siklus 3 terdapat 9 indikator sikap empati yang muncul dan persentase ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 86,67 % dengan nilai rata-rata 74,83. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa penerapan program literasi berbasis cerita rakyat dapat menanamkan perilaku empati dan meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas IVa SDN 2 Rejang Lebong.
Old and new classes of glucose-lowering agents as treatments for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A narrative review
Authors: Miao Lei , Xu Jing , Targher Giovanni , Byrne Christopher D , Zheng Ming-Hua
Published: March 2022

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease with a global prevalence of about 55% in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM, obesity and NAFLD are three closely inter-related pathological conditions. In addition, T2DM is one of the strongest clinical risk factors for the faster progression of NAFLD to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Increasing evidence suggests that newer classes of glucose-lowering drugs, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors or sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, could reduce the rates of NAFLD progression. This narrative review aims to briefly summarize the recent results from randomized controlled trials testing the efficacy and safety of old and new glucose-lowering drugs for the treatment of NAFLD or NASH in adults both with and without coexisting T2DM.
Characterization of an alloherpesvirus from wild lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens in Wisconsin (USA)
Authors: Walker L , Subramaniam K , Viadanna PHO , Vann JA , Marcquenski S , Godard D , Kieran E , Frasca S , Popov VL , Kerr K , Davison AJ , Waltzek TB
Published: March 2022

In the spring of 2017, 2 adult lake sturgeon (LS) Acipenser fulvescens captured from the Wolf River, Wisconsin (USA), presented with multiple cutaneous plaques that, upon microscopic examination, indicated proliferative epidermitis. Ultrastructural examination of affected keratinocytes revealed particles in the nucleus having a morphology typical of herpesviruses. A degenerate PCR assay targeting the DNA polymerase catalytic subunit (pol) gene of large double-stranded DNA viruses generated amplicons of the anticipated size from skin samples, and sequences of amplicons confirmed the presence of a novel alloherpesvirus (lake sturgeon herpesvirus, LSHV) related to acipenserid herpesvirus 1 (AciHV1). The complete genome (202660 bp) of this virus was sequenced using a MiSeq System, and phylogenetic analyses substantiated the close relationship to AciHV1. A PCR assay targeting the LSHV DNA packaging terminase subunit 1 (ter1) gene demonstrated the presence of the virus in 39/42 skin lesion samples collected from wild LS captured in 2017-2019 and 2021 in 4/4 rivers in Wisconsin. Future efforts to isolate LSHV in cell culture would facilitate challenge studies to determine the disease potential of the virus.
‘Dogged, Insightful, and Humane’: Writing Women’s Lives in Twenty-First-Century True Crime
Authors: Friars Rachel M. , Traynor Jesyka
Published: March 2022

Although studies have identified women as the primary audience of true crime, women's engagement with the genre is far from a passive one. Women producers of true crime participate in discussions of female victimhood, poverty, and law. They also consider the significance – and complexity – of writing women's lives within a genre like true crime. Our chapter analyses true crime texts by women to interrogate the changing focus of true crime in the twenty-first century and the labour that these authors participate in as they question established narratives of female victimhood. In our case studies of Hallie Rubenhold's The Five (2019) and Michelle McNamara's I'll Be Gone in the Dark (2018) we suggest that these texts model a feminist version of true crime by creating more comprehensive narratives of female victimhood and survival via narrative structures that centralise women's lives. We contend that these texts are engaged in crucial work that alters the language we use to speak about victims and victimhood.
‘True Crime and…’: The Hybridisation of True Crime Narratives on YouTube
Authors: Hobbs Simon , Hoffman Megan
Published: March 2022

Digital platforms have heralded a renaissance in true crime production and engagement, providing previously marginalised voices with opportunities to challenge longstanding – and often problematic – genre conventions. Whilst significant consideration has been given to professional streaming platforms and aural user-generated mediums such as podcasts, few studies have explored visual user-generated content such as that appearing on YouTube. In order to explore these new but increasingly popular forms, we focus on the videos of Stephanie Soo, Samantha Taylor and Bailey Sarian, who combine true crime narratives with the popular YouTube staples of Mukbang, ASMR and makeup tutorial videos. Our work examines the repercussions of true crime becoming a unique selling point within these YouTube subgenres and considers the ethical consequences of using the true crime genre’s paradigms to bring greater attention, likes and subscribers to established YouTube channels. We observe that these videos are contradictory documents which provide a potentially empowering outlet for female-led true crime while simultaneously replicating the troubling trends that have marked the genre as a space in which the bodies of victims are often exploited as entertainment.
Pengaruh Postural Control Exercise Pada Anak Cerebral Palsy Spastik Hemiplegi
Authors: Najizah Fitratun , Prasetyo Fahrizal Adhi
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Cerebral palsy is a motor problem as a result of non-progressive brain lesions in impaired brain development. In children who suffer from Cerebral Palsy experience damage to the brain that is permanent. The characteristic of Cerebral Palsy with the Spastic Hemiplegic type is characterized by the appearance of problems in the upper and lower limbs of one side of the body. The intervention given in this case is a postural control exercise which aims to improve the child's ability to control body position with the aim of stability and orientation. This research method is experimental, the research design uses case studies and data collection techniques use Pre and Post Tests. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling. Examination of posture using a posture assessment scale and functional examination of activities using the GMFM form. After six sessions of therapy, the results showed an improvement in posture and an increase in the functional score of children's activities, although not significant. Postural control exercise programmed to patients is able to improve posture and increase the functional ability of children's activities.