bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of teenagers’ physical performance in different power zones and their consideration in the process of physical education at school
Authors:   State University of Management, Krivolapchuk Igor A. , Raevsky Dmitry A. ,   State University of Management, Zaitseva Galina A. ,   National Research Technological University "MISiS", Chernova Maria B. ,   Institute of Developmental Physiology, Russian Academy of Education, Barantsev Sergey A. ,   State University of Management, Orlova Nina I. ,   Institute of Developmental Physiology, Russian Academy of Education
Published: March 2022

Introduction. The research relevance is due to the need to improve the process of physical education of school teenagers by taking into account the specifics of physical performance in a wide range of available loads and the degree of puberty. The research purpose is to reveal the features of physical performance and motor fitness of schoolchildren aged 13-15 at different puberty stages (PSs), manifested in different relative power zones. Materials and methods. The study involved school teenagers aged 13-15 (n=168), assigned to the main medical group for health reasons. A complex of functional and motor tests was used to assess physical performance and motor fitness. Differences determined by Student’s t-test were considered significant at p<0.05. Results. An analysis of changes in physical performance in the maximum power zone showed that it significantly increases during puberty: when moving from PS I to V, an increase (t=3.09–13.06; ps<0.01–0.001) of all indicators used was observed. A similar situation was observed when working in the submaximal power zone. With an increase in the level of puberty, there was a general improvement in performance (t=2.81-9.14; ps<0.05-0.001). In the high power zone, differences between PSs I and V were revealed only in relation to PWC170 (t=10.29; p<0.001) and six-minute run (t=4.25; p<0.001). In the moderate power zone, the results of the Cooper test (t=7.92; p<0.001) and watt-pulse – WP (t=2.64; p<0.05) improved, the indicator of aerobic capacity decreased – coefficient b of Muller’s equation (t=5.48; p<0.001). In the maximum and submaximal power zones, there was a progressive increase in the integral performance ratings from PS I to V, while in the high and moderate power zones, the maximum level of functionality was observed at PS III. Conclusion. The results obtained give grounds to assume that in physical education lessons at school, when using extra-curricular and out-of-school forms of physical exercise, it is necessary to combine teenagers with the same indicators of biological maturity into one subgroup and, taking this into account, select means and methods for increasing physical performance, developing physical condition and parameters of various metabolic physical activities. The standards for assessing the physical performance and motor fitness of school teenagers of the same passport age should also be developed separately for the initial and final puberty stages.
Formation of pedagogical university students’ readiness for professional self-education
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Bazhuk Oksana V. , Berestovskaya Ludmila P. ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Meretskaya Tatyana V. ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University
Published: March 2022

The relevance of the research subject is determined by the higher-education modern requirements to students’ (future teachers’) readiness for professional self-education. One of the conditions for its formation is the use of interactive teaching methods in educational and professional activities, that provide for formation of due skills and abilities connected with professional self-education, as well as monitoring the level-indicator dynamics of pedagogical university students’ readiness for professional self-education. The research was carried out on the basis of the Branch of Omsk State Pedagogical University in Tara (N=80), with the use of the methods: “Assessment of the ability to self-development, self-education” (V.I. Andreev), “Readiness for self-development” (V. Pavlov), “Assessment of development level of student’s readiness for self-education” (O.N. Inkina) and the uniquely designed questionnaire “Knowledge of self-education basics”. The reliability of obtained data was verified using the χ2 Pearson’s test. The interactive teaching methods (case studies, projects, research methods, discussions, methods for formation of future teachers’ reflexive position, etc.) that provide for formation of self-educational competence are included in the content of lectures and seminars under the course “Pedagogy” which aims to develop the bachelor’s basic professional competence by forming theoretical knowledge, cognitive and research skills of future pedagogues. Based on the comparative analysis of empirical data and statistical analysis, positive dynamics was ascertained as well as reliable increment of level indicators’ values for all criteria towards formation of students’ (future teachers’) readiness for professional self-education: motivational (p≤0.01), cognitive (p≤0.05), pragmatist (p≤0.05), reflexive (p≤0.01). The obtained results confirm the hypothesis that systematic inclusion of interactive teaching methods in the content of professional disciplines contributes to the formation of students’ readiness for professional self-education.
Formation of teamwork skills among future teachers in the development of didactic games with traditional and digital components
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Isupova Natalya I. , Perevozchikova Marina S. ,   Vyatka State University, Masharova Tatyana V. ,   Moscow City Pedagogical University, Zenkina Svetlana V. ,   Academy of Public Administration
Published: March 2022

The problem and the aim. A teacher of a digital school, according to the requirements of the standard of professional activity, must possess such universal qualities related to information and communication technologies, formed communicative competence, the ability to work in a team. The formation of the relevant skills within the framework of university education is complicated by a number of problems of a different nature. The authors suggest to improving the training of future teachers to organize practical activities for the development of didactic games integrating computer-free and digital elements. The authors suggest organizing a practice of designing a system of specially selected tasks to improve the training of future teachers of a digital school. Research methods. Gamification is used both as a technology for acquiring new knowledge and as a technology for team building. The method of team activity is used to development of didactic games. The pedagogical experiment involved 60 students of specialty 44.03.01 Pedagogical education (two training profiles, magister's degree level), Vyatka State University (Russian Federation). To assess team effectiveness the methodology of Lora Stack (five levels of team building) was chosen. The criterion χ2-Pearson was used as a statistical processing method. The assessment of the quality of educational results out using the author's testing of 50 tasks ("credited"/ "not credited") was carried. Statistical verification of the obtained results was made using Fisher's criterion. Results. Students of the experimental group were involved in teamwork on educational games: studied basic mechanics in didactic games; mastered interactive services; developed their own project, including both computer-free and digital elements. Statistically significant differences in the qualitative changes of the system by the levels of formation of teamwork skills, χ2emp 2 > χ2crit0.05 (10,244 > 9,488), were revealed. Statistically significant differences by the quality of professional training (φcrit=1,64<φemp=2,401), were found. In conclusion formulates the problematic questions, the answers to which allow us to determine the directions of the team's work on the development of didactic games: discussion of the purpose of the game and the gaming goal, the choice of basic mechanics and emerging competencies, the definition of rules and resources, etc.
Education master’s degree students’ creative activity enhancement by means of immersion technology
Authors:   N.E. Zhukovsky and Y.A. Gagarin Air Force Academy, Volynkina Natalia V. , Kartashova Valentina N. ,   Bunin Yelets State University
Published: March 2022

Introduction. The necessity of master’s degree students’ creative activity enhancement during their future professional activity of a foreign language teacher in a higher school simulating and insufficient development of a technological aspect of the problem highlight the search for perspective pedagogical ways, among them on the basis of immersion technology. The aim of the research is to develop and implement master’s degree students’ creative activity enhancement experimental program which discovers methodological and technological support of the process studied and also identification and scientific justification for pedagogical conditions for its effective implementation. Materials and methods. 68 master’s degree students of the first and second courses of Voronezh state pedagogical university and Bunin Yelets State University (Russian Federation) participated in the pilot study. The level of master’s degree students’ creative activity was diagnosed on the basis of K. Zamfir’s method (A. Rean’s modification) of studying professional activity motivation; V. I. Andreev’s test “Self-development and self-education abilities assessment”, the authors’ questionnaire; the method of expert assessment; the method of self-evaluation and portfolio’s developments. The data processing was carried out on the basis of the χ2-Pearson statistical test. Research results. The first developed program of education master’s degree students’ creative activity enhancement on the basis of system, personal and activity oriented, professionally oriented approaches and identified pedagogical conditions for its implementation using the immersion technology potential allow to develop deliberately and gradually motivational, cognitive, activity oriented and reflexive component of creative activity. Effectiveness and appropriateness of the authors’ program and pedagogical conditions for education master’s degree students’ creative activity enhancement were proved (χ2 = 9.460 > χ20,05). Conclusion. The program predicts a tutorially methodological set development contributing to organization and technique support of education master’s degree students’ creative activity enhancement.
РУХЛИВІ ІГРИ В СИСТЕМІ ФІЗИЧНОГО ВИХОВАННЯ ДІТЕЙ МОЛОДШОГО ШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Сидорук І. О. , Гірак А. М. , Гамма Т. В. , Орел І. О.
Published: March 2022

У статті досліджуються особливості рухливих ігор у системі фізичного виховання дітей молодшого шкільного віку. Висвітлена класифікація сучасних рухливих ігор. Рухлива гра відноситься до таких проявів ігрової діяльності, в яких яскраво виражена роль рухів. Виявлено, що за допомогою рухливих ігор можна активно впливати на процес розвитку фізичних якостей дитини, керувати їх розвитком. Здійснюючи комплексний підхід до формування фізичних якостей молодших школярів, необхідно приділяти увагу розвитку швидкості, спритності, витривалості та гнучкості, тобто тих якостей, які найбільш активно розвиваються в учнів молодшого шкільного віку. У ході дослідження з’ясовано, що широке використання рухливих ігор виступає одним з основних засобів підвищення рухової активності дітей. Виявлено, що систематичне застосування ігор сприяє розширенню рухливих можливостей дітей, які перетворюються в необхідні життєві уміння та навички.
First record of Pheidole indica Mayr, 1879 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Algeria (North Africa) and its relationships with local Hemipterans
Authors: Oussalah N. , Guerrouche N. , Agagna Y , Espadaler X. , Salem A. S. , Biche M.
Published: March 2022

Algeria has a rich ant fauna with more than 340 known species, but the full extent of this diversity is little known. In this study, Pheidole indica Mayr, 1879 is recorded for the first time from Algeria. It is considered non-native for the country, taking the number of exotic ants in Algeria to 12. Data concerning its ecology is briefly extended through its relationship with local Hemipterans species and host plants. Three Hemipteran species were found as food sources for P. indica: Icerya purchasi (Maskell, 1878), Saissetia oleae (Olivier, 1791), Aspidiotus hederae (Bouché) Vallot, 1829.
PELAKSANAAN SISTEM RUJUKAN BERBASIS PEMERINTAH DI PELAYANAN KESEHATAN: TINAJAUAN LITERATUR
Authors: Zuhri Muhammad Adjiz , Saleh Ariyanti , Tahir Takdir , Yunus Kanang Sri Wahyuni , Isriani Nur , Kasmawati
Published: March 2022

Pendahuluan: Sistem rujukan dibuat untuk mengintegrasikan pelayanan dan memudahkan pelayanan ke pasien. Di lain sisi pertimbangan biaya menjadi hal yang sangat penting dalam pelayanan kesehatan. Masih rendahnya pemahaman tentang sistem rujukan sedikit banyak menyulitkan pasien itu sendiri dalam mendapatkan  pelayanan kesehatan.Tujuan dari penulisan Literature review ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan sistem rujukan berbasis pemerintah dan hambatan yang dihadapi dalam layanan kesehatan. Metode penyusunan literatur review ini mengikuti panduan PRISMA. Pubmed, Science Direct, Wiley Online, Proquest, dan Google Scholar adalah database yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan artikel dengan kata kunci yang relevan. Hasil diperoleh lima artikel penelitian yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Artikel penelitian mengemukakan proses pelaksanaan, hambatan dan tantangan dalam system rujukan berjanjang di layanan kesehatan. Kesimpulan Sistem rujukan berjenjang merupakan sistem pelayanan kesehatan bagi masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk mengendalikan mutu dan biaya pelayanan dalam sistem JKN. Sistem ini juga dirancang agar pelayanan kesehatan yang diterima oleh pasien bisa optimal dan pasien dapat puas dengan pelayanan tersebut. Meski demikian, hasil penelitian ini menemukan masih banyak persoalan dalam pelaksanaan sistem rujukan berjenjang di FKTP. Pelayanan yang diberikan oleh FKTP belum optimal karena tidak seimbangnya antara jumlah pasien yang dilayani dan petugas dan infrastruktur pelayanan kesehatan.
The Intervention of Job Satisfaction in Influence the Empowering Leadership and Talent Management Toward Staff Performance
Authors: Nurimansjah Ris Akril , Ramly Mansyur , Mallongi Syahrir , Alam Roslina
Published: March 2022

This research investigates whether and how empowerment leadership and talent management influence the mediator variables (employees’ job satisfaction) in the organization context. It also examines how the mediators should influence employees’ job performance. 575 employees were recruited for a survey study, and Structural Equation Modeling was used to test the research hypotheses. The empirical results indicate that empowerment leadership and talent management have significant and positive effects on employees’ job satisfaction. Furthermore, employees’ job satisfaction has partial mediators between predictors variables to employees’ job performance.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru Kabupaten Gowa (Studi Kasus Al-Fityan School Gowa)
Authors: Sukriani Sukriani , Semmaila Baharuddin , Imaduddin Imaduddin
Published: March 2022

Lingkungan Kerja secara simultan Terhadap Kinerja Guru Al Fityan School Gowa, selain itu juga dimaksudkan untuk menetahui pentingnya sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas dalam pengembangan sebuah organisasi termasuk dalam mengelola institusi pendididikan seperti Al Fityan School Gowa. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi kontribusi pemikiran dan masukan kepada yayasan Al Fityan School Gowa untuk perbaikan dan penyempurnaan secara eksistensial manajemen operasional untuk melakukan peran dan fungsinya secara optimal. Data penelitian ini diperoleh melalui, dokumentasi, kuisioner, wawancara lansung dengan pimpinan (Direktur) dan guru-guru serta tenaga kependidikan Al Fityan School Gowa. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan rumus statistic regresi linear berganda. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari sisi organisasi dan manajemen opersional sudah berjalan secara efektif dan professional, meskipun masih membutuhkan  perbaikan dan peningkatan kualitas untuk menyelesaikan masalah-masalah yang dihadapi secara internal maupun eksternal.
Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan, Inovasi Produk, Keunggulan Bersaing, Terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran Usaha Nasi Kuning di Kota Makassar
Authors: Cahyani Ade Ayu , Mallongi Syahrir , Mahmud Amir
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganilisis pengaruh orientasi kewirausahaan, inovasi produk dan keunggulan bersaing terhadap kinerja pemasaran usaha nasi kuning di Kota Makassar. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu metode analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data yang digunakan merupakan data primer dan sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara orientasi kewirausahaan, inovasi produk, dan keunggulan bersaing terhadap kinerja pemasaran usaha nasi kuning di Kota Makassar. Keunggulan bersaing memberikan pengaruh dominan terhadap kinerja pemasaran usaha nasi kuning di Kota Makassar.
Evaluation of Moisture Regime on Agronomic Traits of Rice Genotypes
Authors: Islam MM , Ahmed S , Urmi TA , Raihan MS , Islam MR
Published: March 2022

Drought stress is a major constraint to the production and yield stability of crops. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereals and considered as a drought sensitive crop species. A field experiment was conducted in the vinylhouse of the Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh, during March - August 2018 to evaluate the performance of 38 rice genotypes under control and drought conditions. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design containing two water regimes with three replications. The water regimes were well-watered and induced moisture stress conditions. Multivariate and principal components analyses revealed that different plant characters, viz. plant height, total tillers hill-1, panicle number hill-1, length of panicle, filled grains panicle-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield plant-1 and straw weight plant-1 showed a wide range of variation due to variation in moisture level. Correlation study and biplot analysis considering PC1 and PC2 explained that grain yield was positively correlated with filled grain panicle-1, total tiller hill-1, panicle number hill-1 and 1000-grain weight. Based on the grain yield plant-1 (g) and others agronomic characters, the genotypes BU Acc 33 (26.68 g), BU Acc 30 (21.81 g), and BU Acc 21 (20.58 g) were identified as promising genotypes for developing drought tolerant variety (ies).
Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2021) 25 (1) : 89-104
Persepsi Pada Jingle Shopee Versi Baby Shark (Studi Deskriptif Followers Instagram @Shopee_id)
Authors: Putri Dinda Rachma , Forceila Diandra , Ivana Lystia
Published: March 2022

The more and more trade and service companies causes ever-tougher promotion competition. Therefore, advertising in media becomes indispensable needed. The increased competition in trade spurs the emergence of commercial messages in the form of advertisements. One of the well-known e-commerce companies, Shopee, uses the famous Baby Shark song to be used as the company's jingle ad. Jingle is one of the audio stimuli used in advertising as a support for media activation of a product. The Baby Shark version of Shopee ads must have made a message that will be stored in the minds of the people, but each perception will emerge based on its own reasons. Therefore, this study uses the theory of perception by DeVito. The method used in this study is qualitative, where research will conduct data collection in the form of semi-structured interviews where researchers can more freely conduct interviews with ten informants from Instagram followers on @Shopee_id's account. This study aims to determine the public perception on the Shopee ad version of the Baby Shark version and to find out how perceptions are formed. The results of this study are that the community is more aware of Baby Shark songs compared to Shopee Baby Shark songs and the formation of public perceptions because the song is famous before being made a jingle by Shopee and the ad is broadcast on various media.
The role of microRNAs in COVID-19 with a focus on miR-200c
Authors: Sodagar Hadi , Alipour Shahriar , Hasani Sepideh , Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz Shiva , Khadem Ansari Mohammad Hasan , Asghari Rahim
Published: March 2022

Objective: Epigenetics is a quickly spreading scientific field, and the study of epigenetic regulation in various diseases such as infectious diseases is emerging. The microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) as one of the types of epigenetic processes bind to their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and regulate their stability and/or translation. This study aims to evaluate non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a focus on miR-200c in COVID-19. In this review, we first define the epigenetics and miRNAs, and then the role of miRNAs in diseases focusing on lung diseases is explained. Finally, in this study, we will investigate the role and position of miRNAs with a focus on miR-200c in viral and severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) infections.
Methods: Systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library was conducted for all relative papers from 2000 to 2021 with the limitations of the English language. Finally, we selected 128 articles which fit the best to our objective of study, among which 5 articles focused on the impact of miR-200c.
Results: Due to the therapeutic results of various drugs in different races and populations, epigenetic processes, especially miRNAs, are important. The overall results showed that different types of miRNAs can be effective on the process of various lung diseases through different target pathways and genes. It is likely that amplified levels of miR-200c may lead to decreased angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) expression, which in turn may increase the potential of infection, inflammation, and the complications of coronavirus disease.
Conclusion: miR-200c and its correlation with ACE2 can be used as early prognostic and diagnostic markers.
HUBUNGAN POLA KOMUNIKASI ORANG TUA DENGAN KEBERHASILAN PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA ANAK SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Adibah Alfi Maulidiyah Hanan , Dewi Satiti Ika Arum , Danur Jayanti Nicky
Published: March 2022

Keberhasilan pembelajaran daring pada anak dipengaruhi oleh peran orang tua dalam memberikan pola komunikasi yang baik kepada anak dan bagaimana orang tua melakukan interaksi dengan anak secara ruutin kepada anak. Pola komunikasi adalah proses yang telah dirancang sebelumnya untuk keberlangsungan, guda mempermudah pemikiran secara logis dan sitematik. Pola komunikasi dapat diartikan sebagai hubungan antara dua atau lebih dalam mengirim dan menerima sebuah pesan dengan cara yang tepat sehingga pesan yang disampaikan dapat dipahami. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untu menganalisis pola komunikasi orang tua dengan keberhasilan pembelajaran daring anak selama pandemi Covid-19 di SDN Mojolangu 4 Kota Malang. Metode penelitian ini menggunkan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan kepada 55 responden yang memiliki anak yang sedang melakukan pembelajaran daring di SDN Mojolangu 4 Kota Malang. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara memberikan instrumen kuesioner dan nilai rapot anak yang kemudian di uji menggunakan SPSS dengan jenis uji rank spearma.  Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat hubungan signifikan antara pola komunikasi dengan keberhasilan pembelajaran daring pada anak (p=0,000). Dari 55 responden yang memiliki pola komunikasi sedang 14 orang (25,5), baik 38 orang (69,1%) dan sangat baik 3 orang (5,5%) dapat disumpulkan bahwa pola komunikasi yang baik maka keberhasilan pembelajaran daring anak juga semakin tinggi.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL DENGAN PENERIMAAN DIRI PADA REMAJA DENGAN ORANG TUA BERCERAI
Authors: Santika Sari Dyah , Apriyanto Frengki , Ulfa Miftakhul
Published: March 2022

Latar Belakang: Tingginya angka perceraan di Indonesia memberikan dampak psikologis terhadap anak khususnya remaja. Remaja yang terkena dampak perceraian orangtua sangat membutuhkan dukungan sosial dari keluarga, teman maupun orang terdekat. Semakin tinggi dukungan yang remaja dapatkan maka semakin tinggi juga penerimaan diri yang remaja rasakan. Tujuan Penelitian: hubungan dukungan sosial dengan penerimaan diri pada remaja dengan orang tua bercerai secara literatur review. Metode Penelitian: Menggunakan studi literatur, search engine/database yang digunakan yaitu google scholar dan science direct dalam periode 10 tahun terakhir dalam bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris dengan kata kunci dalam pencarian yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil kajian literatur terkait hubungan dukungan sosial dengan penerimaan diri pada remaja dengan orangtua bercerai menunjukan bahwa dari 10 artikel, terdapat 3 artikel yang menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan dukungan social pada remaja dengan orang tua bercerai, 3 artikel yang menyatakan terdapat hubungan penerimaan diri pada remaja dengan orangtua bercera dan dua jurnal yang meneliti tentang penerimaan diri dengan dukungan sosial. Kesimpulan: Struktur  keluarga sangat berpengaruh dengan control diri dan dukungan sosial sebagai pecegahan efek buruk dari perceraian orang tua dan dukungan sosial tidak berpengaruh pada usia remaja tersebut, Dukungan sosial dengan penerimaan diri pada remaja dengan orang tua bercerai dari aspek dukangan sosial sendiri yang paling berpengaruh ada aspek informasi sedangkan  penerimaan diri yaitu aspek paling berpengaruh ialahan aspek tidak menyangkal implus atau emosinya atau merasa bersalah.
History of slope instability in the Oldina plantation, Tasmania
Authors: Slee Adrian , McIntosh Peter D.
Published: March 2022

Background: This paper describes a landslide swarm generated by exceptionally high two-day rainfall (c. 300 mm) associated with a stationary cut-off low pressure system over northern Tasmania in early June 2016 and investigates evidence for previous slope instability. The landslide swarm occurred in a recently harvested plantation in the Inglis River catchment at Oldina, south of Wynyard in north-west Tasmania. Within a relatively small area of plantation underlain by weathered Permian tillite and minor siltstones more than thirty rapid earthflows, rotational and translational landslides occurred. Many landslides also occurred in the nearby Forth and Mersey River catchments.
 Methods: Field observations combined with a digital elevation model produced from high-resolution drone imagery were used to describe the morphology of the Oldina landslides, and to calculate the mass of soil, sediment, and woody debris displaced. Radiocarbon dating of charcoal exposed in landslide backwalls enabled palaeo-landslides and periglacial activity at Oldina to be dated.
 Results: An estimated 48,400–72,310 t of soil, sediment and woody debris was carried downslope by the major landslides but has been retained within the plantation area. The total sediment loss from the affected upper catchments is likely to be greater than the above estimate as the contribution from small riparian landslides, sheet, gully, and rill erosion has not been accounted for, nor has streambank erosion and sediment transported off the study site been measured. Radiocarbon dating of charcoal in sediments indicated that two landslides had evidence of previous instability in the Holocene. Most ages indicated that previous instability dated to 35–15 cal ka BP, i.e., to a time when the climate was cold and dry and freeze-thaw processes in a sparsely vegetated landscape were active.
Conclusions: During planning for harvest the soils developed on Permian tillite were correctly described as having a low to moderate risk of landslide erosion. This study concludes that the landslides initiated in June 2016 resulted from exceptionally heavy rain falling on harvested steep and hilly land coupled with the decline in root strength of the harvested trees. The frequency of such a combination of circumstances may increase if high-intensity rainfall increases in Tasmania as the result of climate change. To improve the long-term stability of this terrain and the overall sustainability of plantation forestry it is recommended that landslides and riparian areas are seeded with native vegetation, and that the current assessment of landslide risk for this terrain is re-evaluated.
High CO2 inhibits substratum exploration and settlement of coral larvae
Authors: Jorissen H , Martin A , Sarribouette L , Hédouin L , Nugues MM
Published: March 2022

Biological and physical factors affecting coral recruitment are critical in influencing the recovery of coral communities after disturbance. While ocean acidification (OA) can reduce coral settlement and the early growth of coral recruits, the impact of OA on coral larval swimming behavior is unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of elevated CO2 on the swimming behavior and settlement of coral larvae of 2 common Acropora species. Larvae were exposed to 4 CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) conditions consistent with the current Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change predictions for the next few centuries (pCO2: 393, 853, 1485 and 3022 µatm; pH: 8.1, 7.8, 7.6 and 7.3) in 2 laboratory experiments. We found that bottom exploration, expressed as the proportion of A. cytherea and A. pulchra larvae present in the bottom part of experimental cylinders, decreased by 92 and 98%, respectively, from the ambient to highest CO2 treatment. When offered the choice to settle on the crustose coralline algae Titanoderma prototypum, a well-known positive settlement cue, the percentage of larvae that settled on the fragments declined rapidly as pCO2 increased, with no larvae settling in the highest CO2 treatment. These results suggest that OA may negatively affect coral recruitment via direct effects on larval swimming behavior, with larvae avoiding benthic probing in response to high CO2.
Interaction With the Lipid Membrane Influences Fentanyl Pharmacology
Authors: Sutcliffe Katy J. , Corey Robin A , Alhosan Norah , Cavallo Damiana , Groom Sam , Santiago Marina , Bailey Chris , Charlton Steven J. , Sessions Richard B. , Henderson Graeme , Kelly Eamonn
Published: March 2022

Overdose deaths from fentanyl have reached epidemic proportions in the USA and are increasing worldwide. Fentanyl is a potent opioid agonist that is less well reversed by naloxone than morphine. Due to fentanyl’s high lipophilicity and elongated structure we hypothesised that its unusual pharmacology may be explained by its interactions with the lipid membrane on route to binding to the µ-opioid receptor (MOPr). Through coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, electrophysiological recordings and cell signalling assays, we determined how fentanyl and morphine access the orthosteric pocket of MOPr. Morphine accesses MOPr via the aqueous pathway; first binding to an extracellular vestibule, then diffusing into the orthosteric pocket. In contrast, fentanyl may take a novel route; first partitioning into the membrane, before accessing the orthosteric site by diffusing through a ligand-induced gap between the transmembrane helices. In electrophysiological recordings fentanyl-induced currents returned after washout, suggesting fentanyl deposits in the lipid membrane. However, mutation of residues forming the potential MOPr transmembrane access site did not alter fentanyl’s pharmacological profile in vitro. A high local concentration of fentanyl in the lipid membrane, possibly in combination with a novel lipophilic binding route, may explain the high potency and lower susceptibility of fentanyl to reversal by naloxone.
Parallel Manipulation and Flexible Assembly of Micro-Spiral via Optoelectronic Tweezers
Authors: Liang Shuzhang , Sun Jiayu , Zhang Chaonan , Zhu Zixi , Dai Yuguo , Gan Chunyuan , Cai Jun , Chen Huawei , Feng Lin
Published: March 2022

Micro-spiral has a wide range of applications in smart materials, such as drug delivery, deformable materials, and micro-scale electronic devices by utilizing the manipulation of electric fields, magnetic fields, and flow fields. However, it is incredibly challenging to achieve a massively parallel manipulation of the micro-spiral to form a particular microstructure in these conventional methods. Here, a simple method is reported for assembling micro-spirals into various microstructures via optoelectronic tweezers (OETs), which can accurately manipulate the micro-/bio-particles by projecting light patterns. The manipulation force of micro-spiral is analyzed and simulated first by the finite element simulation. When the micro-spiral lies at the bottom of the microfluidic chip, it can be translated or rotated toward the target position by applying control forces simultaneously at multiple locations on the long axis of the micro-spiral. Through the OET manipulation, the length of the micro-spiral chain can reach 806.45 μm. Moreover, the different parallel manipulation modes are achieved by utilizing multiple light spots. The results show that the micro-spirulina can be manipulated by a real-time local light pattern and be flexibly assembled into design microstructures by OETs, such as a T-shape circuit, link lever, and micro-coil pairs of devices. This assembly method using OETs has promising potential in fabricating innovative materials and microdevices for practical engineering applications.
Remote Design of a Smartphone and Wearable Detected Atrial Arrhythmia in Older Adults Case Finding Study: Smart in OAC – AFNET 9
Authors: Fabritz Larissa , Connolly D. , Czarnecki E. , Dudek D. , Zlahoda-Huzior A. , Guasch E. , Haase D. , Huebner T. , Jolly K. , Kirchhof P. , Schotten Ulrich , Zapf Antonia , Schnabel Renate B.
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Screening for atrial fibrillation and timely initiation of oral anticoagulation, rhythm management, and treatment of concomitant cardiovascular conditions can improve outcomes in high-risk populations. Whether wearables can facilitate screening in older adults is not known.

Methods and Analyses

The multicenter, international, investigator-initiated, single-arm case-finding Smartphone and wearable detected atrial arrhythmia in older adults case finding study (Smart in OAC – AFNET 9) evaluates the diagnostic yield of a validated, cloud-based analysis algorithm detecting atrial arrhythmias via a signal acquired by a smartphone-coupled wristband monitoring system in older adults. Unselected participants aged ≥65 years without known atrial fibrillation and not receiving oral anticoagulation are enrolled in three European countries. Participants undergo continuous pulse monitoring using a wristband with a photo plethysmography (PPG) sensor and a telecare analytic service. Participants with PPG-detected atrial arrhythmias will be offered ECG loop monitoring. The study has a virtual design with digital consent and teleconsultations, whilst including hybrid solutions. Primary outcome is the proportion of older adults with newly detected atrial arrhythmias (NCT04579159).

Discussion

Smart in OAC – AFNET 9 will provide information on wearable-based screening for PPG-detected atrial arrhythmias in Europe and provide an estimate of the prevalence of atrial arrhythmias in an unselected population of older adults.
Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index Is Associated With Increased Urinary Albumin Excretion: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Qin Zheng , Li Hancong , Wang Liya , Geng Jiwen , Yang Qinbo , Su Baihai , Liao Ruoxi
Published: March 2022

Background

Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a novel inflammatory marker, and inflammation has been reported to be related with renal damage. We aimed to investigate the possible relationship between SII and albuminuria.

Methods

The present cross-sectional study was conducted among adults with complete data about SII and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) in 2005–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). SII was calculated as the platelet count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count. Albuminuria was defined as ACR >30mg/g. Weighted multivariable regression analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted to explore the independent relationship between SII and albuminuria.

Results

A total of 36,463 individuals were included in our analysis; 9.56% participants were categorized as having albuminuria overall and increased with the higher SII tertiles (tertile 1, 7.83%; tertile 2, 8.49%; tertile 3, 12.13%; p for trend <0.0001). Multivariable logistic regression showed that a higher SII level was associated with increased likelihood of albuminuria independently (OR = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.17–1.48, p<0.0001) after full adjustment. Subgroup analysis and interaction test showed that there was no significant dependence of gender, age, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on this positive association (all p for interaction >0.05).

Conclusions

SII was positively associated with increased urinary albumin excretion in US adults. Further large-scale prospective studies are still needed to analyze the role of SII in albuminuria.
Influence of Co Content on Cracking Behavior and Wear Resistance of WCp-Reinforced FeCrMnCox HEAs Fabricated by the Laser Cladding Method
Authors: Wu Wenxing , Qiu Changjun , Zhou Yinghao , Yan Ming , Zhang Yun , Li Ruiqing , Chen Pinghu
Published: March 2022

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have excellent properties of high strength–ductility, thermal stability, corrosion resistance, etc. HEAs can be considered as one of the most interesting structural or functional candidate materials and have been extensively studied based on different multiple elements in the past decades. However, the previous works focus mainly on overcoming strength–ductility trade-off. In this study, a series of WCp-reinforced FeCrMnCox (x values in atomic ratio, x = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 at.%) HEAs are fabricated to investigate the influence of Co on the microstructures, microhardness, cracking behavior, and wear resistance. The results indicate that γ phase (fcc structure) can be formed in the designed HEA with a small amount of α phase (bcc structure). Stress can result in cracking initiation owing to the formation of lattice distortion caused by the decomposition and diffusion of WC into the matrix, and the cracking phenomenon is more serious when Co content is decreased gradually. In addition, microhardness is also increased gradually with the decrease in Co content, and the maximum microhardness reaches 680 HV for the 0–2 sample without Co. Furthermore, excellent wear resistance of the designed materials can be attributed mainly to hardness rather than friction coefficient. A conspicuous monotonic decrease in the wear rate is discovered with a monotonic increase in microhardness, adhesive wear mechanism appears mainly in the samples with higher Co content, and the wear mechanism is transformed gradually from a typical adhesive wear mechanism to an abrasive wear mechanism with the reduction in Co content.
Combined DFT and MD Simulation Protocol to Characterize Self-Healing Properties in Disulfide-Containing Materials: Polyurethanes and Polymethacrylates as Case Studies
Authors: Irigoyen Mikel , Matxain Jon M. , Ruipérez Fernando
Published: March 2022

The introduction of dynamic bonds in polymeric materials facilitates the emergence of new functionalities, such as self-healing capacity. Understanding the role of the molecular structure in the efficiency of the self-healing process is fundamental to design new materials with improved features. Computational chemistry has emerged as a valuable tool for the characterization of polymeric materials. In this work, computational chemistry is used to analyze the observed self-healing capacity of a set of disulfide-containing polyurethanes and polymethacrylates, including different hard segments and dynamic bonds. For this purpose, a recently developed theoretical protocol has been used. This protocol is based on three parameters: the probability of generating radicals by cleavage of the disulfide bond, the energetic barrier of the exchange reaction among disulfides and the dynamics of the polymeric chains. This protocol is able to qualitatively explain the experimental self-healing properties of these materials. In particular, it explains both the great performance of two materials and the lack of self-healing capacity of another two. Besides, it can also describe the improvement of the self-healing capacity with increasing temperature. These results demonstrate the robustness and usefulness of this approach for the analysis and prediction of self-healing properties in polymeric materials. Therefore, this protocol allows to predict new materials with improved properties and will help the experimental community in the development of these improved materials.
Enhanced Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampal Activity Improves Memory Generalization in APP/PS1 Mice: A Multimodal Animal MRI Study
Authors: Liu Weilin , Li Jianhong , Li Le , Zhang Yuhao , Yang Minguang , Liang Shengxiang , Li Long , Dai Yaling , Chen Lewen , Jia Weiwei , He Xiaojun , Lin Huawei , Tao Jing
Published: March 2022

Memory generalization allows individuals to extend previously learned movement patterns to similar environments, contributing to cognitive flexibility. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the disturbance of generalization is responsible for the deficits of episodic memory, causing patients with AD to forget or misplace things, even lose track of the way home. Cognitive training can effectively improve the cognition of patients with AD through changing thinking mode and memory flexibility. In this study, a T-shaped maze was utilized to simulate cognitive training in APP/PS1 mice to elucidate the potential mechanisms of beneficial effects after cognitive training. We found that cognitive training conducted by a T-shaped maze for 4 weeks can improve the memory generalization ability of APP/PS1 mice. The results of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) showed that the functional activity of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus was enhanced after cognitive training, and the results of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) showed that the neurochemical metabolism of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) and glutamic acid (Glu) in mPFC, hippocampus and reuniens (Re) thalamic nucleus were escalated. Furthermore, the functional activity of mPFC and hippocampus was negatively correlated with the escape latency in memory generalization test. Therefore, these results suggested that cognitive training might improve memory generalization through enhancing the functional activity of mPFC and hippocampus and increasing the metabolism of NAA and Glu in the brain regions of mPFC, hippocampus and Re nucleus.
Biologically Plausible Training Mechanisms for Self-Supervised Learning in Deep Networks
Authors: Tang Mufeng , Yang Yibo , Amit Yali
Published: March 2022

We develop biologically plausible training mechanisms for self-supervised learning (SSL) in deep networks. Specifically, by biologically plausible training we mean (i) all updates of weights are based oncurrentactivities of pre-synaptic units and current, or activity retrieved from short term memory of post synaptic units, including at the top-most error computing layer, (ii) complex computations such as normalization, inner products and division are avoided, (iii) asymmetric connections between units, and (iv) most learning is carried out in an unsupervised manner. SSL with a contrastive loss satisfies the third condition as it does not require labeled data and it introduces robustness to observed perturbations of objects, which occur naturally as objects or observers move in 3D and with variable lighting over time. We propose a contrastive hinge based loss whose error involves simple local computations satisfying (ii), as opposed to the standard contrastive losses employed in the literature, which do not lend themselves easily to implementation in a network architecture due to complex computations involving ratios and inner products. Furthermore, we show that learning can be performed with one of two more plausible alternatives to backpropagation that satisfy conditions (i) and (ii). The first is difference target propagation (DTP), which trains network parameters using target-based local losses and employs a Hebbian learning rule, thus overcoming the biologically implausible symmetric weight problem in backpropagation. The second is layer-wise learning, where each layer is directly connected to a layer computing the loss error. The layers are either updated sequentially in a greedy fashion (GLL) or in random order (RLL), and each training stage involves a single hidden layer network. Backpropagation through one layer needed for each such network can either be altered with fixed random feedback weights (RF) or using updated random feedback weights (URF) as in Amity's study 2019. Both methods represent alternatives to the symmetric weight issue of backpropagation. By training convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with SSL and DTP, GLL or RLL, we find that our proposed framework achieves comparable performance to standard BP learning downstream linear classifier evaluation of the learned embeddings.
Statistical Analysis of Hydrodynamic Forces in Power-Law Fluid Flow in a Channel: Circular Versus Semi-Circular Cylinder
Authors: Mahmood Rashid , Majeed Afraz Hussain , Tahir Muhammad , Saddique Imran , Hamadneh Nawaf N. , Khan Ilyas , Mehmood Asif
Published: March 2022

This numerical study is about the steady incompressible non-Newtonian fluid flow in a channel with static obstacles. The flow field is governed by the Generalized Navier-Stokes equations incorporating the constitutive relation of power-law fluids. Three cases are considered: 1) circular obstacle(C1), 2) semicircular obstacle(C2), and 3) both circular and semicircular obstacles. A range of values of the power-law index0.3≤n≤1.7are considered atRe=20to check the impact of shear-thinning and shear-thickening viscosity on the drag and lift coefficients. The correlation between drag and lift coefficients is calculated against the power-law index. The simulated results of velocity and pressure are investigated at different sections of the channel. Benchmark results of drag and lift for the Newtonian fluid are reproduced as a special case. A strong positive correlation is observed between drag and lift coefficients in the case of a single obstacle, while in the case of dual obstacles and inverse correlation, drag and lift coefficients have been found.
Uncertainty Relation and Quantum Phase Transition in the Two-Dimensional Ising Model
Authors: Fang Yu-Yan , Jiang Tian-Yi , Xu Xin-Ye , Liu Jin-Ming
Published: March 2022

By using quantum renormalization group (QRG) approach, we first derive the effective Hamiltonian and QRG equations of the two-dimensional (2D) Ising models with two different time-dependent transverse magnetic fields analytically. Then we examine the nonanalytic and scaling behaviors of the linear-entropy-based uncertainty relation and quantum entanglement of the models near the critical point through numerical analysis. Moreover, we investigate the relation between the quantum critical point and the external magnetic field. Our results show that both the uncertainty relation and the quantum entanglement are feasible to detect the quantum phase transition (QPT), and the uncertainty relation may be a better indicator of QPT than quantum entanglement. Our findings could shed new light on the observable of the QPTs of the solid-state system with the uncertainty relation.