bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A karbonilstressz szerepe a diabetes szövődményeinek kialakulásában
Authors: Makk-Merczel Kinga , Szarka András
Published: September 2019

Abstract:

The relationship between the potentially developing complications of the 451 million people affected by diabetes and hyperglycaemia can be based on the enhanced generation of advanced glycation endproducts and the more intensive oxidative and carbonyl stress. Advanced glycation endproducts generated partly due to carbonyl stress play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications such as elevated arterial thickness, vascular permeability, enhanced angiogenesis or the more rigid vessels induced nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy. Furthermore, the elevated thrombocyte aggregation, the reduced fibrinolysis induced elevated coagulation, and the atherosclerosis or the mitochondrial dysfunction are important as well. The most potent target of both the non-oxidative and oxidative generation of advanced glycation endproducts can be the scavenging of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. Although, aminoguanidine, the prototype of scavenger molecules, showed protection in different animal models, it failed in the human clinical studies. Finally, the clinical studies were terminated almost 20 years ago. The endogen dipeptide L-carnosine was also expected to mitigate the complications due to carbonyl stress. However, its clinical significance was limited by the serum carnosinases and by the consequent low serum stability and bioavailability. The carnosinase resistance of the molecule can be achieved by the change of the carboxyl group of the molecule to hydroxyl group. At the same time, the biosafety and the carbonyl stress scavenging activity of the molecule could be preserved. Although clinical studies could not be performed in the last six months, on the basis of the in vitro and in vivo results, carnosinole seems to be a promising compound to mitigate and prevent the diabetic complications. Thus it is worth to the attention of the clinicians. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(40): 1567–1573.
2-es típusú diabetes mellitus, inzulinrezisztencia és májrák idült hepatitis C-fertőzésben. Északkelet-magyarországi adatok
Authors: Lombay Béla , Szilágyi Roland , Szalay Ferenc
Published: September 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Liver cirrhosis (20–25%), hepatocellular carcinoma (1.5–3%), insulin resistance (30–40%) and type 2 diabetes (25–30%) are common complications in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection; however, data are missing from Hungary. Aim: To determine the prevalence of diabetes and insulin resistance in Hungarian HCV patients; to evaluate treatment-induced metabolic changes in relation to diabetes/insulin resistance and virological response and to perform a sustained follow-up for hepatocellular carcinoma detection. Method: We enrolled 150 Hungarian HCV genotype 1 patients (mean age: 48.55 ± 8.55 years, male/female ratio: 45/55%) from 2007–2012. We analysed their baseline, week 12, and end of therapeutic follow-up (24 weeks after interferon-based therapy completion) laboratory data. We performed a 5-year follow-up (2012–2017). Results: The prevalence of insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance and diabetes was 37.4%, 35.3% and 27.3%, respectively. Insulin resistant and diabetic patients showed a decrease in fasting glucose from baseline to end of follow-up (5.47 ± 0.66 vs. 5.08 ± 0.60, p<0.001; 7.90 ± 2.67 vs. 7.04 ± 2.75, p = 0.006), as did both the sustained responder and non-responder groups. Treatment efficacy rate was poor in diabetic vs. insulin sensitive and insulin resistant groups (17% vs. 46% and 40%); insulin sensitivity was not a predictor of virological response. Three participants with diabetes were diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma during follow-up by regular ultrasound examinations. Conclusion: Hungarian HCV patients showed high prevalence of diabetes and insulin resistance, though antiviral therapy caused favourable changes in their carbohydrate metabolism. Antiviral therapy was less effective in diabetic patients. Follow-up ultrasound examinations are required for hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV patients, especially those with diabetes. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(40): 1591–1602.
Evaluating some Quality Parameters of a Surface Water Source by Applying Simple Treatment Processes
Authors: EL MAHDY Cristina , POPESCU Silvana , Anamaria Blaga Petrean , BORDA Cristin
Published: September 2019

The purpose of the research was to identify the most convenient treatment applied to a surface water source which is permanently under the influence of contamination, in order to reduce organic matter, temporary hardness and TNG/ml water. Following the sedimentation process, temporary hardness values are close to those of the control samples (raw water) but, reductions and extremely significant differences (*** P <0.001) were found after coagulation. The same, extremely significant differences are found in the CCOMn parameter after the same process, coagulation. Applying just a single treatment like: sedimentation, coagulation of raw water without being followed by disinfection does not guarantee the removal or reduction of the total number of germs in water. Disinfection with UV dose (3.40-3.88 mj/cm2) of control samples indicates a significant reduction in bacterial load depending on exposure time, with the best values obtained at the 30 minute exposure. The same positive results were obtained from samples subjected to sedimentation where, compared to the initial values (4159.2±1860.0 TNG/ml water), bacterial load is reduced by 78-99.82%. In 60% of samples coagulated and after that exposed to 30 minutes of UV irradiation, was found 0 TNG / ml water. In conclusion, the best option for reducing TNG/ml water is coagulation using alum, followed by UV disinfection for 30 minutes.
Effect of Cooking Temperature on Residual Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride in Cooked Chicken
Authors: SAID Ramdane MOHAMED , SLAMA Houssem
Published: September 2019

The concentration in samples cooked at 115 ° C is of 73.71 μg/mg either 49.40% reduction and a145 ° C is 66.03 μg/mg representing a 54.68% reduction. Bake at 145 ° C during 20 minutes is enough to destroy almost 55% of the initial quantity of residues in chicken hence HCL OTC residues are degradable thermo.
Influence of Bacillus Spp. Based Bioproducts on Potato Plant Growth and Control of Rhizoctonia Solani
Authors: DINU Sorina , BOIU-SICUIA Oana Alina , CONSTANTINESCU Florica
Published: September 2019

Some Bacillus based bioproducts were analyzed for their plant growth promotion and Rhizoctonia solani biocontrol potential in potato plants. The bioproducts were formulated as concentrated aqueous suspension, each containing one of the following plant beneficial bacteria: Bacillus safensis Rd.b2, Bacillus spp. 75.1s and Cp.b4 strains. These were applied on potato seeding material in order to evaluate plant growth promotion effects. The biocontrol efficacy was also evaluated, using Rhizoctonia solani DSM 63002 as plant pathogen, and Prestige 290FS as reference chemical treatment.In the plant growth-promotion experiments, several biologic parameters were biometrically evaluated. Best results regarding plant growth and vigor were obtained using CropMax, a commercial phytostimulatory product. However, the bacterial treatment with Bacillus spp. Cp.b4 and 75.1s showed an improved plant growth compared to the untreated control. An efficacy of 93.75% against Rhizoctonia dumping-off was registered when using the Prestige 290FS chemical control. Mix treatments based on this pesticide, in low dose, combined with Cp.b4 or 75.1s biocontrol strains significantly reduced the pathogenic attack, showing 85 to 87.5% efficacy.The present research demonstrated that the bacterial bioproducts based on Bacillus spp. 75.1s and Cp.b4 strains increase plant growth and are highly effective in controlling Rhizoctonia attack in potato plants.
Application of Rose Bengal Test and ELISA in Meat Juice for Monitoring of Brucellosis among Cattle Carcasses at Erbil City, Iraq
Authors: AL MASHHADANY Dhary Alewy
Published: September 2019

Brucellosis is a global zoonotic bacterial disease. It is also an ever-increasing public health concern, particularly in endemic regions such as Kurdistan region in Middle East. Samples of meat juice were screened for anti-Brucella antibodies via Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and ELISA from January to June 2018. Bacteriological isolation of Brucella sp. from meat samples was also performed. The overall prevalence of bovine brucellosis is 7.7%, 6.6%, and 4.9% by RBT, ELISA, and culture-based test respectively. Based on sensitivity and specificity, ELISA outperforms RBT in comparison to culture results as the gold standard test. Nonetheless, both tests showed good efficiency in comparison to culture approach. In terms of temporal changes of brucellosis rate, spring progress is strongly associated (r²=0.96) with increase in seroprevalence. In conclusion, the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in Erbil city is alarming. Countermeasures should be taken to mitigate the economic losses and transmission to human.
Evaluation of Milk Production at Ţigaie Sheep Reared in Romania
Authors: PASCAL Constantin , NECHIFOR Ionică , FLOREA Marian Al. , DARABAN Stelian Vasile
Published: September 2019

Biological material subjected to research was represented by females belonging to Ţigaie breed which are in different lactations. Research has been expanded to six consecutive lactations, period in which the followed objectives were represented by: quantity of milk sucked by lambs during lactation, the quantity of milk produced in each lactation period when the flock is located in the milking situation exclusively and the total quantity of milk obtained in each controlled lactation. The work methods used are accepted by experimental practice. During the period of lactation was used the control coefficient method; exclusively for milking period was applied the AT4 method respecting the technical specifications specified by the International Committee for Animal Recording. Also, to eliminate the influence of environment, age, nourishment and maintenance conditions, in each season the period was the same (May-September) and had the same conditions of nourishment, maintenance, sheltering etc. Statistical processing of obtained data at the end of evaluation of milk quantity consumed by lambs show that in first 28 days of suckling, Ţigaie breed sheep furnish around 42% from the total milk quantity consumed by lambs during suckling period. Based on this observation we could say that application of selection at sheep on the basis of lambs’ corporal weight at age of 28 days is more indicated and efficient. In case of appreciation of milk quantity gathered by milking could be observed the fact that face to maximum level reached in first lactation the total estimated quantity was higher with 29.29% in second lactation and after that gradually decrease and record negative values in the last controlled lactation. Effectuation of a rate between milk quantity consumed by lambs and milk quantity obtained after their weaning show the existence of a close rate, with the exception of first lactation when sucked milk quantity was higher with 15.8% face to level of milk production gathered by milking. Statistical processing of information highlighting that between the amounts of milk consumed by lambs in the suckling period, there have been significant differences for P<0.01 and for P>0.05. During the six controlled lactations the maximum milk production was recorded in the second lactation and was of 139.67 kg of milk, superior with 29.29% than level obtained in the first lactation and with 5.29% lower to the total estimated production for the third lactation.
Increased organic acid production and decreased phytate phosphorus by high level of water content of Bacillus subtilis ATCC PTA-6737 fermentation of soybean meal
Authors: YASAR Sulhattin , TOSUN Ramazan
Published: September 2019

In order to enrich soybean meal (SBM) by microbial fermentation, SBM (3 mm particle size) with 78 or 85% moisture content were inoculated with 0.0 or 1x107 CFU/g (colony forming unit) Bacillus subtilis ATCC PTA-6737 and fermented at 37 oC for 0, 24, 48 and 72 h. There was a marked decrease in pH with 85% moisture content, associated at higher organic acid production, compared to increased pH at 24 h with 78% moisture content and a gradual decrease hereafter. Bacterial growth peaked at 48 h with both moisture contents. Fermenting SBM increased crude ash level by 65%, soluble amino acid nitrogen by 2.7 folds and degraded phytic acid by 65-75%. Moreover, there was a high level of organic acid production despite of decreased crude protein by 6-7%, but the effect of high moisture level was more pronounced in all case. In conclusion, fermentation SBM with water content of 85% at 35 oC by B. subtilis provided SBM an appreciable amount of bio-functionalities such reduced phytate content, increased soluble amino acid content and more importantly fortified with organic acids. The fermented SBM can therefore be used an antimicrobial agent due to its high organic acid level in animal nutrition.
Preliminary Tests Regarding Fumigant Effect of Volatile Oils Obtained from Medicinal Plants
Authors: STAN (TUDORA) Cătălina , MUSCALU Adriana , FĂTU Ana Cristina , DINU Mihaela Monica , ISRAEL-ROMING Florentina
Published: September 2019

The objective of this work was testing 4 volatile oils obtained from new varieties of medicinal plants (yellow basil; red basil; marigold; hyssop), over Beauveria brongniartii (BbgMm1a/09) entomopathogenic fungi and Sitophilus granarius, deposit insect. The results obtained showed that at different concentrations, red basil volatile oil showed the strongest inhibitory effect compared to the other tested oils (yellow basil, marigold and hyssop). Concerning the insecticidal action, the preliminary tests with the 4 volatile oils obtained from new varieties of medicinal plants had no effect on the test insect - Sitophilus granarius.
Does Genetic Engineering Influence the Nutritional Value of Plums? Case Study on Two conventional and One Genetically Engineered Plum Fruits
Authors: BOBIŞ Otilia , BONTA Victoriţa , MĂRGHITAŞ Liviu A. , DEZMIREAN Daniel S. , PAŞCA Claudia , URCAN Adriana , DOMOKOS Erzsebet Timea , MOISE Adela Ramona
Published: September 2019

Plums are low-calorie fruits with a low glycaemic index score. Prunus domestica L. is one of the tree fruits threatened by Plum pox potyvirus (PPV), a quarantine disease that causes fruit loss to plums and other stone fruits. HoneySweet is a plum tree created to be resistant to this virus. Beside genetical determinations, chemical composition and nutritional value are important for a future acceptance in the cultivation of this type of fruit trees. Two conventional (Renclod Althan and Stanley) and one genetically engineered (HoneySweet) plum fruits were evaluated for the nutritional value determination. The analyzed samples showed nutritionally valuable features. HoneySweet variety had a balanced content of individual carbohydrates. The total lipid content had values quite close to the HoneySweet and Stanley varieties, far superior to Renclod Althan variety. HoneySweet transgenic plum had the highest total protein content. Also, HoneySweet variety is distinguished by a balanced protein and lipid content. By comparing the three analyzed varieties from the perspective of the most important physic-chemical nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and lipids), the highest nutritional value was registered in Stanley variety, closely followed by HoneySweet, and then by Reine Claude d’Althan.
Analysis of the Reproduction Traits and Milk Yield in Cows from Apuseni Mountains Farms
Authors: HAN Ioan , BOBIŞ Otilia
Published: September 2019

Milk production in cows is influenced by a series of factors with direct or indirect action upon its body. Farms from three counties in Apuseni Mountains (Alba, Bihor and Hunedoara) were monitorized for milk production and other reproductive attributes. Age of first calving, service period, calving interval and natality were the parameters monitorized in the study to determine the reproduction trains in the area of Apuseni Mountains. Analyzing the obtained data regarding the average production of milk, lactation duration in the studied counties, it is found that: on total lactation, the largest production was obtained in Bihor county with 4815.26 kg (332.6 days), followed by Hunedoara county with 4796.40 kg (325.6 days) and Alba county with 4528.05 kg ( 321.4 days). The obtained results, which reflect the current level of milk production in Apuseni Mountain area, show that the studied cows have a real productive potential, the average of the lactation yields as well as its duration, being at the upper limit of the breed, according also to specialized literature data. Breeding activity was found to be good but can be improved. Due to the great importance of reproduction, the economic and productive performance of dairy farms requires careful attention to its planning and management.
Optimization of White Wheat Flour Dough Rheological Properties with Different Levels of Grape Peels Flour Addition
Authors: MIRONEASA Silvia , IUGA Mădălina , ZAHARIA Dumitru , MIRONEASA Costel
Published: September 2019

The use of grape peels flour to improve the nutritional value of wheat flour bread has received considerable interest due to their high fibers content and bioactive compounds compared to white wheat flour. The aim of this study was to establish the optimal combination of grape peels particle size (PS) and flour replacement (FR) level with grape peel flour on the dynamic and empirical rheological properties of mix flour dough to develop innovative bakery products. The results obtained highlighted that the small PS resulted in increased Farinograph water absorption and Amylograph peak viscosity and decreased dough development time. The FR showed a significant (p < 0.05) effect on Rheofermentometer parameters. The dynamic moduli increased when increasing FR and decreasing PS, while the loss tangent decreased with FR increase. The white wheat flour with 3.80% small particle size of GPF was found to be the best formulation in order to achieve the desirable dough rheological properties.
Bioactive Ingredients from Microalgae: Food and Feed Applications
Authors: PATRAS Diana , MORARU Corina V. , SOCACIU Carmen
Published: September 2019

Microalgae (green or blue-green ones) are among the most important organisms on the world, with a versatile and adaptive metabolism. They are able to synthesize bioactive molecules (mainly secondary metabolites such as unsaturated fatty acids, pigments, amino acids) with biomedical applications, enhancement of the nutritional value of food, animal feed/aquaculture, as well with impact on the environmental protection ( as raw materials for biofuels). Last decade, by a targeted selection of wild microalgae strains, their cultivation in farms developed in parallel with the bioreactors’products. There are nowadays cultivated at industrial scale especially Dunaliella salina p., Spirulina platensis, Hematococcus pluvialis or Chlorella vulgaris as valuable resources of polyunsaturated lipids and sterols, proteins, polysaccharides, carotenoid pigments, vitamins, minerals with antioxidant, antibacterial or antiviral effects. This review presents a systematic approach on the recent literature data collected the last years, underlying their morphologic and biochemical potential, the advanced technologies to use the bioactive components of different microalgae, new formulations which incorporate, stabilize and store their bioactivity and increase the bioavailability of their components in food and feed. Although their morphologic and biochemical potential is well described, there are presented new data on their bioactive components and formulations using emerging technologies for new application approaches which aims their use as ingredients in added value products for food, cosmetics and feed industry, to be exploited for commercial use. This review updated the last findings in these areas, underlined the reason for the scientific and technological advances, due to their huge potential, not only in environment, energy, but more and more as ingredients for food and feed/ aquaculture products, in the future.
Oscillatory Rheology and Creep-Recovery Behaviour of Grape Seed-Wheat Flour Dough: Effect of Grape Seed Particle Size, Variety and Addition Level
Authors: IUGA Mădălina , MIRONEASA Costel , MIRONEASA Silvia
Published: September 2019

In the present study, the influence of grape seeds flour (GSF) addition on the physico-chemical and white wheat flour dough rheological properties were investigated. GSF of two grape varieties, white and red, was added at three particle sizes (L, M and S) and different addition levels (0, 3, 5, 7, 9%) to the white wheat flour. The fundamental rheological properties were investigated by applying oscillatory tests using a dynamic rheometer. The storage (G’) and loss (G”) moduli in function of frequency and temperature respectively, were measured. Creep-recovery tests were also applied to evaluate grape peels-wheat flour dough behaviour. The results showed that the GSF incorporation increased protein content and alpha-amylase activity in composite flour with particle size decrease, affecting gelatization temperature. The changes in dough viscoelasticity depend on the particle size, addition level and grape variety, factors which affected dough capacity to deform. The effects of GSF from white grape were more pronounced compared to GSF from red grape variety. GSF addition exhibited an increase in values of both dynamic moduli, which was more pronounced for the white variety than for the red one. The knowledge of this information is useful in new products development, especially for bakery products manufactory.
A Critical Point in Beekeeping: Beekeepers’ Health
Authors: TOPAL Erkan , STRANT Mirela , POCOL Cristina Bianca , KÖSOĞLU Mustafa
Published: September 2019

Beekeeping activity implies a series of intensive processes and a variety of risks. After examining studies on beekeeping activity, it became obvious that beekeeping risk factors and beekeeping health studies are quite limited throughout world. This study aimed to reveal the possible effects of this activity on beekeepers health and to bring recommendations to be applied during practice. The beekeeper is often exposed to adverse effects such as mechanical and physical difficulties, environmental and climatic conditions: high temperature, time related stress, colonies transfer stress, insomnia, bee venom and smoke exposure during production activities. Any disadvantages that might occur in an environmentally friendly production context can be attributed to possible disruptions, injuries, psychological disorders and/or occupational accidents. The difficulties of living away from home and an irregular diet are constantly placing beekeeper’s health under pressure. The difficult process of bringing bee products to the table, influences on beekeeper’s health. In this production process, the beekeeper must make proof of his own health as well. Despite the reduction of labour force and risks through modern tools and equipment support in the developed countries, there are multiple risks in every stage of honey production, which is dependent on natural conditions. The results of the present research should bring awareness on the subject of beekeepers health and establish grounds about occupational health and safety in beekeeping activities.
Boletus Edulis Mushroom Flour-Based Wheat Bread as Innovative Fortified Bakery Product
Authors: VLAIC Romina Alina , MUREȘAN Crina Carmen , MUSTE Sevastiţa , MUREȘAN Vlad , POP Anamaria
Published: September 2019

Mushroom powder was added to bread in different proportions, namely: 3%, 6% and 9%, in order to improve the nutritional properties of bread. Thus, the new products, had increased contents of protein from 6.60% to 7.79% and fat from 0.78% to 1.43%. Moreover, the content of polyphenols also increased from 39.88 to 84.46 mg GAE/100 g, and the antioxidant activity increased from 16.81% to 27.91%. According to the sensory analysis, performed by means of the hedonic test, the most appreciated bread was that fortified with 6% of mushroom powder. In terms of texture profile, the sample with 6% of mushroom powder recorded the best results. Nowadays, this product has a positive impact on the consumers, who take a growing interest in functional products, that are rich in active compounds. Bread enriched with more than 3 % mushroom powder is a product with high nutritional value.
Major Inorganic Ions in Bottled Waters from Several Polish and Romanian Mineral Waters
Authors: MICHALSKI Rajmund , KOŃCZYK Joanna , MUNTEAN Edward , GĘGA Jerzy , FRYMUS Aleksandra
Published: September 2019

Mineral waters are important sources of micro- and macroelements for humans, thus its composition ought to be supported with good knowledge on their chemical composition and be controlled systematically. The aim of the study was to analyze the content of common inorganic cations in 9 Romanian and 9 Polish bottled waters, and compare the results of the analyses with the product label’s data. The novelty was the application of new analytical method (atomic emission spectrometry with microwave plasma) for this approach. A short chemometric evaluation of the obtained results was carried out, highlighting in many cases significant differences between the values declared by the producers and the obtained results; possible reasons of this situation are discussed.
Insight about Colonic Microbiota Imbalance and Obesity
Authors: CÎNPEANU Oana Cristina , RUS Victoria , TARCEA Monica
Published: September 2019

Since the 1990s, nutritionists have concluded that poor food hygiene, as well as environmental and food pollution, are the cause of the major serious diseases affecting humanity: overweight and obesity, which induce persistent systemic pro-inflammatory status, and hence all complications metabolic disorders, cancers, joint diseases, skin disorders, psychological disorders. The human body hosts a large number of microbes, including bacterial, fungal and protozoal microorganisms, which together constitute our microbe. Dysbiosis, generated by a sedentary lifestyle, consuming highly industrialized food, and non-compliance with the mass program, can lead to obesity, with a decrease in quality of life and shortening it. Obesity and metabolic disorders related to obesity are characterized by specific changes in the composition and function of the human intestinal microbe. Among the possible strategies for preventing and/or treating obesity, the microbiota is intended to restore or modulate its composition by consuming probiotics, prebiotics or both (synbiotics).
Comparative Study of the Antioxidants Compounds in Fresh and Thermally Processed Tomatoes Juice
Authors: ANDREI Sanda , BUNEA Andrea , DUMITRAŞ Daria Antonia , PINTEA Adela
Published: September 2019

The purpose of our study was to determine the influences of thermal processing of tomato juice, in a manner similar to that commonly used in traditional cuisine, on the concentration of antioxidant compounds: total carotenoid and their profile; concentration of lycopene; concentration of ascorbic acid and total polyphenols. The boiling of tomato juice resulted in a significant increase in the concentration of total carotenoids and lycopene. No statistically significant differences in total carotenoids and lycopene content occurred depending on the boiling time. In fresh juice, ascorbic acid had average values of 20.73 mg /100g and significant decreased depending on the boiling time. Processing of tomato juice by boiling for 15 minutes or 30 minutes causes a slight increase in the concentration of phenols. The results obtained in this study have shown that, in the case of tomato juice, cooking by boiling determines the decrease of ascorbic acid concentration, but on the other hand makes the carotenoids and phenolic compounds more available, thus being nutritionally beneficial.
Development of Novel Added-Value Products, Using Brewers Spent Grain as Ingredient
Authors: FĂRCAŞ Anca Corina , SOCACI Sonia Ancuța , SOCACIU Carmen , MAXIM Corina , TOFANĂ Maria
Published: September 2019

In recent years many studies have shown that brewers spent grain (BSG), the major by-product of the brewing industry, is no longer regarded as waste but rather as a rich source of bioactive compounds. With a hypothesis that this by-product could be efficiently valorized in developing new added-value food products this study evaluates the content of BSG in several bioactive compounds and assessed their influence on enhancing the nutritional quality of a basic snack composition. The substitution of wheat flour with 10%, 20% and 30% ground BSG led to development of three breadsticks formulations with increased nutritional value (protein, fiber, lipid and minerals) and enhanced antioxidant properties, in a dose dependent manner. Also, the sensorial analysis revealed that, compare with a control sample, the prototype with 10% and 20% BSG had good organoleptic attributes and overall acceptability. The obtained results emphasize the great opportunity to reuse this by-product in developing innovative added-value food products.
Alfalfa Leaf Powder and its Potential Utilisation in Raw Vegan Chocolate
Authors: ȚIPLEA Raluca , SUHAROSCHI Ramona , LEOPOLD Loredana , FETEA Florinela , SOCACI Sonia Ancuța , VODNAR Dan Cristian , POP Oana Lelia
Published: September 2019

Utilization of new or unusual sources of nutrients has led to a wider market regarding food product diversity. The utilization of alfalfa in food products leads to an increase in nutrients as proteins, from macro elementary point of view and in polyphenols, chlorophylls, and carotenoids if is to look in the micro elementary system. The present paper proposes the increase of the bioavailability of alfalfa powder by adding in a raw vegan chocolate. Characteristics as total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, FTIR fingerprint, and antimicrobial activity were investigated.
Tomato Waste as a Source of Biologically Active Compounds
Authors: FĂRCAŞ Anca C. , SOCACI Sonia A. , MICHIU Delia , BIRIŞ Suzana , TOFANĂ Maria
Published: September 2019

Large amounts of wastes are generated annually by the vegetable processing industry, their efficient management and valorization representing a priority research area. Recent research suggested the possibility of reusing tomato pomace as a cheap source of many bioactive compounds, such as antioxidants, soluble dietary fibers and vitamins. The high initial moisture of fresh tomato pomace and the presence of considerable levels of nutrients make this waste susceptible to microbial degradation. Therefore, the fresh pomace of three tomato varieties were preserved by two different methods and then analyzed regarding the total phenolics content, flavonoids, lycopene and antioxidant activity. The results showed that all samples contained considerable amounts of phenolic compounds and exhibit good antioxidant properties. A higher lycopene content was obtained for dehydrated samples, other similar studies explaining that heat processing can breakdown the cellular walls and the chromoplast membranes, leading to a better release. The obtained results highlight the potential of reusing tomato processing waste as source of bioactive compounds and encourages the implementation of a sustainable valorization plan.
The Grain Yield Performance and Stability Characters of Several Spring Wheat Genotypes in Transylvanian Plain Conditions
Authors: RACZ Ionuț , KADAR Rozalia , CECLAN Ovidiu Adrian , HIRIȘCĂU Diana , BORA Florin Dumitru , ŞOPTEREAN Laura , CĂLUGĂR Roxana
Published: September 2019

The current study presents some stability parameters (coefficient of variation, environment variation, regression coefficient, deviation from regression, coefficient of determination and ecovalence) of grain yields and the main components of its. Twenty-two spring wheat cultivars were tested in yield trials during three years being analyzed the number of grains per spike, thousand kernel weight and spike density The genotypes: Durom and Marcius indicated over the experimental years, a high stability for grain yield, based on three or more parameters (CV, s2, b, sd2) and a good adaptation. Corso and Henica genotypes have a good stability for number of grains per spike with a medium number of grains, and TD 1524-71 is the most unstable genotype for thousand kernel weight. Regarding the correlation between stability parameters for analyzing characters there is a different and additional reaction according to differently performance of genotype.
Investigation of the Copper Content in Vineyard Soil, Grape, Must and Wine in the Main Vineyards of Romania: a Preliminary Study
Authors: DONICI Alina , BUNEA Claudiu Ioan , CĂLUGĂR Anamaria , HARSAN Eugenia , BORA Florin Dumitru
Published: September 2019

The long-term use of copper in viticulture has caused great copper accumulation in vineyard soils, resulting in negative effects on the environment through toxicity to aquatic and soil organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the copper content in vineyard soils, grapes and wines from Dealu Bujorului, Murfatlar, Tarnave, Iasi and Ştefăneşti vineyards. The ICP-MS method was used for copper determination in vineyard soil, grape must and wine. Copper concentration in red wine samples was significantly higher than in the white wine samples. Values for Transfer Factor and Mobility Ratio indicates that Vitis vinifera L. does not allow the accumulation of copper from vineyard soil in must grape and wine. The copper concentration in grapes, must and wine has been influenced by the copper concentration in soils, by copper fungicide used to protect the vine and by other factors such as the biological specificity of cultivars during growth.
Establishment of Technological Stages for Obtaining Some Grafted Tomato Seedlings (Dutch Scion × Romanian Rootstocks)
Authors: SORA Dorin
Published: September 2019

The tomatoes are valuable vegetables, with highest share in Romanian crops from protected spaces. The grafting is a vegetative multiplication method that induces or improves some qualities of the plants (vigor, resistance to soil diseases and pests, resistance to abiotic factors, quantity and quality of fruit production). The research aim has been to establish the technological stages for producing of Dutch scion and Romanian rootstock seedlings from Solanum lycopersicum L. species, to obtain some compatible phenotypes for grafting. This research has been conducted in a greenhouse of the Horting Institute Bucharest. The experience was carried out on a tomato cultivar collection consisting from a Dutch scion (‘Abellus’ F1 hybrid) and three Romanian rootstocks (‘L542’, ‘L543’, ‘L544’). The scion and rootstock diameters have been correlated for manual grafting, cutting at 45 degrees and using the method of splice in silicone tube. The technological stages for obtaining grafted tomatoes have been established for the researched genotypes. These tomato combinations have been compatible for vegetable crops in protected spaces in the south area of Romania.
Model to Estimate Soil Erosion Based on Imaging Analysis
Authors: SALA Florin , HERBEI Mihai , CONSTANTINESCU Cristian
Published: September 2019

The study aimed to development a prediction model for soil erosion degree by image analysis techniques. The spectral information was obtained by image analysis in the RGB and HSB color system, and by calculus resulted rgb normalized values. Specific indices were calculated: intensity (INT), normalized difference index (NDI) and dark green color index (DGCI). The correlation analysis emphasized the existence of high levels of interdependence between specific indices and normalized color data rgb, respectively luminance (L). The regression analysis has enabled the creation of estimation models for soil erosion degree (DSE), in the form of linear equations in relation to luminance (R2=0.999, p<<0.001, RMSEP=25.5766) and INT (R2=0.998, p<<0.001, RMSEP=25.5833), and 2nd degree polynomial equations in relation to DGCI (R2=0.768, p<0.001, RMSEP=28.3275). Clustering analysis facilitated the grouping of the studied cases in two distinct clusters with four sub-clusters, under conditions of statistical accuracy, Coph. corr. = 0.831.
Researches on Some Biological and Ecological Characteristics of Sweet Corn
Authors: GRECU (PĂCURAR) Luana , APAHIDEAN Maria , HAŞ Voichiţa , RUSSU Florin , APAHIDEAN Alexandu Ioan , BOANTĂ Ancuţa
Published: September 2019

Lately, genetic factor involvement in climate change response is of great importance. Addressing some issues regarding the behavior of agronomic characters of production in a set of hybrids may lead to recommendations on the choice of the most suitable hybrids for growing in Transylvanian Plateau. Thus, in 2016, we set up an experience in two locations of Cluj county, Turda and Viişoara, on the lower terrace of Arieş river. Biological material chosen for this study was represented by seven hybrids, of which six indigenous Prima, Estival, Estival M, Dulcin, Deliciul Verii (released by SCDA Turda), Delicios (INCDA Fundulea) and foreign hybrid Jubilee (produced by Syngenta). The earliest hybrids Prima and Estival, have the lowest average number of grains/row, with very significant differences compared to control (experience average). Estival, Estival M and Jubilee hybrids show the highest number of rows of grains/cobs, with very significant differences over the average.
Growth and Feathering of Some Apple Cultivar-Rootstock Combinations in a Fruit-tree Nursery
Authors: JAKAB-ILYEFALVI Zsolt
Published: September 2019

The planting of well feathered trees are crucial in a high density orchard, than unbranched rods. Lateral bud-brake can be effectuated by several agro-technical methods in order to overcome apical dominance. Main targets of the researches were to investigate the feather induction by removing the apical leaves and to study a proper basic and foliar fertilization scheme. The highest mean height of the trees with significant differences was achieved by untreated Florina, followed by variants of Florina treated with Solfert, untreated control Idared and Florina with NPK and Fertitel. The number of feathered trees was higher in Florina than in Idared. The best results were obtained with Solfert and NPK followed by Fertitel. The growth in height was not affected by the lack of fertilizers in the control variants, but in other fertilization variants where branching was observed the height of the trees was reduced.
Endophytic Root Colonization Patterns in Early and Mid-Spring Geophytes from Cluj County
Authors: CRIŞAN Ioana , VIDICAN Roxana , STOIAN Vlad , ŞANDOR Mignon , STOIE Andrei
Published: September 2019

Analysis of ten vernal ephemerals from Agro-Botanical Garden UASVM Cluj-Napoca revealed that all were naturally colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizae and fine root endophytes. Dark septate endophytes were observed in seven species. Highest frequency of arbuscular mycorrhizae colonization was found in Muscari armeniacum while second highest in Crocus vernus and Galanthus nivalis. High arbuscular mycorrhizae colonization frequency appears simultaneous with high fine root endophyte colonization in some species, but high arbuscular mycorrhizae frequency is not associated with highest dark septate endophyte presence. Lax arbuscular mycorrhizae symbiosis was identified in Iris reticulata and Hyacinthus orientalis. Plants with intensely arbuscular mycorrhizae colonized roots might be able to avoid carbon drain by allowing less arbuscules to form than presumed higher potential indicated by extensive length of root colonized by AMF hyphae.Analysis of ten vernal ephemerals from Agro-Botanical Garden UASVM Cluj-Napoca revealed that all were naturally colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizae and fine root endophytes. Dark septate endophytes were observed in seven species. Highest frequency of arbuscular mycorrhizae colonization was found in Muscari armeniacum while second highest in Crocus vernus and Galanthus nivalis. High arbuscular mycorrhizae colonization frequency appears simultaneous with high fine root endophyte colonization in some species, but high arbuscular mycorrhizae frequency is not associated with highest dark septate endophyte presence. Lax arbuscular mycorrhizae symbiosis was identified in Iris reticulata and Hyacinthus orientalis. Plants with intensely arbuscular mycorrhizae colonized roots might be able to avoid carbon drain by allowing less arbuscules to form than presumed higher potential indicated by extensive length of root colonized by AMF hyphae.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Morphotype-Based Identification Using Optical Microscopy
Authors: CRIŞAN Ioana , VIDICAN Roxana , TOIAN Vlad S
Published: September 2019

Structures of different AM taxa found in symbiosis with plants can stain from intense to weak after roots preparation for microscopy. Although arbuscules are distinctive features of AM, their overall shape can vary in association with two proliferation types: Arum and Paris. Auxiliary cells and vesicles are not omnipresent. Intraradical hyphae can present divergent types: straight/coiled, with “Y”/“H” connections. According to spore formation, there are five main AM morphotypes. Spore-based species identification takes into account: color, shape, size of spores and sporocarps as well as structures associated with them (cicatrix, pedicel, peridium, sporiferous saccule, sporogenous cell, subtending hypha). Description of subcellular structures of spores targets phenotypic and biochemical properties of layers using Melzer’s reagent and morphology of pre-germination structures when present.
The Influence of Biostimulants on the Growth and Some Physiological Processes of Three Bean Cultivars
Authors: COVAȘĂ Mihaela , JITĂREANU Carmen Doina , SLABU Cristina , MARTA Alina Elena , MODIGA Beatrice Alexandra
Published: September 2019

Biostimulants contribute to plant nutrition, they have positive effects on plant growth. Research has focused on the influence of biostimulators on germination capacity, the height of stem, also we determined the total chlorophyll content with the CCM plus 200 and the stomatal conductance with SC1 leaf porometer.The bifactorial experience was conducted in a pots experiment in randomized blocks with three repetitions. The application of biostimulants (Cropmax and Atonik) was done every ten days by foliar spraying throughout the vegetation period.Biostimulants in this study had a positive influence of the physiological processes followed in the three cultivars of beans. These products can be used successfully for both and the treatment of seed and the treatments applied to the phases of the growing season. The best results were recorded of bean plants treated with Cropmax.
Effects of Cadmium (Cd) on Dry Matter and on Cd Concentration in Leaves and Roots of Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.)
Authors: SALTA Alexandra , AKOUMIANAKI-IOANNIDOU Anastasia , BAROUCHAS Pantelis E. , MOUSTAKAS Nicholas K.
Published: September 2019

The aim of this research was to examine the effect of Cd on leaves dry matter (LDM), root dry matter (RDM) and on Cd concentration in leaves (Cd-leaves) and roots (Cd-roots) of purple coneflower (E. purpurea) grown in an acid and in a neutral substrate. A completely randomized block design with four treatments (0-control, 1, 2, and 5 mg Cd L-1) and six replications for each treatment and each substrate (acid, neutral) was conducted in pot experiments. Cd concentration in leaves grown in acid substrate as well as in roots of plants grown in neutral substrate increased at Cd rates greater than 2 mg Cd L-1. Cd concentration in roots of the plants grown in neutral substrate raised with increasing doses of Cd. In general Cd concentration in the roots and leaves of purple coneflower grown either in acid or in neutral substrate was affected by Cd applications.
Effects of Fertilization on Growth of Zinnia elegans L. Seedlings Grown in Floating System
Authors: IOANNIDOU Anastasia AKOUMIANAKI , SPENTZA Roxani Paraskevi , ROUSSIS Ioannis , BILALIS Dimitrios
Published: September 2019

The floating system is a promising alternative type of hydroponic seedling production system, which has not been much studied and disseminated in the flower industry. This study aimed to produce seedlings of Zinnia elegans in a floating system and to evaluate the influence of two organic (Codaphos & Codasting and Fish-Fert) and one inorganic nutrient solution formulations on the seedling growth parameters. Z. elegans seeds germinated at a high rate (76.6-82.1%) in all fertilization treatments with a T50 ranging from 9.54 to 10.50 days. Application of Codaphos and Codasting (organic fertilizer containing N- Codasting and P+K- Codaphos) in floating system resulted in better development of the aboveground parts and roots of seedlings comparing with the other organic and the inorganic fertilization. As a conclusion, the present study showed that organic fertilization, especially with Codaphos and Codasting, could successfully be used for the production of Z. elegans seedlings in a floating system; however, further studies must be carried out on this aspect.
Nickel (Ni) Effects on Shoots and Roots Dry Matter and on Ni Concentration in Shoots of Mojito (Mentha × villosa) and Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia)
Authors: BAROUCHAS Pantelis Ε. , IOANNIDOU Anastasia AKOUMIANAKI , TSAKALIDI Aglaia LIOPA , SALTA Alexandra , MOUSTAKAS Nicholas K.
Published: September 2019

Nickel is an essential trace element for plants, but excessive Ni levels in the soil can result in toxicity to plants. The aim of this research was to examine the effect of Ni on shoots dry matter (SDM), roots dry matter (RDM) and on Ni concentrations in SDM (Ni-SDM) of mojito and lavender plants. A completely randomized block design with five treatments (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg Ni L-1) and five replications for each treatment and plant species was conducted in pot experiments. Nickel was applied to the pot medium as NiCl26H2O. No visible toxic or inhibitory symptoms were observed on the plants due to the increasing rates of Ni applications. The SDM and RDM were not affected by Ni in the studied plants. Ni-SDM of mojito and lavender raised with increasing rates of Ni above 20 and 10 mg Ni L-1, respectively.
Tomato Production Influenced by Variety, Irrigation and Organic Fertilization
Authors: INCULET Carmen , DACHI Madalina , GAFINCU Ana , GACHE Mirabela , TELIBAN Gabriel Ciprian , STOLERU Vasile
Published: September 2019

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most cultivated crops in the world, offering many opportunities for research and marketing also. High productions, in conditions of economic sustainability and assured food safety, can only be achieved through the rational use of cultivation technologies, irrigation, fertilization and use of some cultivars with potential genetically performances. To achieve this goal, the present experiment focused on studying the influence of four tomato cultivars (Siriana F1, Minaret F1, HTP F1 and Inima de bou), in two irrigation regimes (5200 respectively 7800 m3) under chicken drops fertilizer compared with a non-fertilized control. The treatments used induced the increase of the fruit number per plant, ranging from 18 to 65%, statistically significant results (p<0.05) being obtained with the organic fertilizer on Minaret cultivar and the higher water quantity, compared to the control version. The highest production was obtained in the HTP F1 cultivars under organic fertilization and 7800 m3/ha irrigation.
Biometric Indicators and Yield of Tomato under Conventional and Unconventional Biostimulators
Authors: PEREŞ Cătălina , CAZACU Ana , MOTRESCU Iuliana , MUNTEANU Neculai , INCULEŢ Carmen , STOLERU Vasile
Published: September 2019

The research consisted of an experiment applying unconventional stimulators to tomato crop, as a measure against chemical stimulators, known as having negative effects on human health. In our research there have been used four unconventional stimulators (Ecostim, AuCl4-50μg, AuCl4-30μg and Chitosan) and a conventional stimulator BNOA, all compared with the untreated control.Application of stimulators in unconventional farming determined lower productions compared to conventional farming, but is an alternative because determined healthy products. In three of the four unconventional variants, the content of macro- and microelements in plants was higher.