bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formaldehyde vapor-induced chronic tracheitis in relation to the expression of S-100 proteins
Authors: MohamedAmin Paiman
Published: April 2024

Background and objective: Formaldehyde is the most widely used chemical in daily life; thus, chronic exposure to formaldehyde has been shown to have adverse effects on different organs in humans and animals. Different of industries use formaldehyde including the medical, detergent, cosmetic, food, rubber, metal, wood, leather, petroleum, and agricultural industries and as a hydrogen sulfide scavenger in oil operations. This research was designed to investigate variable tracheal changes arising from chronic formaldehyde exposure by measuring different histomorphometric parameters in accordance with S-100 protein expression. Methods: In this experiment, twenty Wister rats were used, divided into the control group (n=10) and the experimental group (n=10). Animals in the experimental group had approximately 21 days of formaldehyde vapor 40ppm. At the end of the study tracheal samples were collected and used for histopathologic assessments and IHC staining. Results: In comparison to the control group, the experimental group revealed various histological lesions in tracheal structures from lining epithelium till adventitia including highest degrees and scores of; Epithelial necrosis, goblet cell hyperplasia, fibrosis in the submucosa, squamous metaplasia, chronic tracheitis and glandular changes. Results of IHC showed that the S-100 expression in the experimental group displayed higher percentages in different cells (epithelial cells, chondrocytes, and inflammatory cells) which were reported as strong intensity (3+), then moderate intensity (2+), and accompanied by weak intensity (1+), which revealed minimum percentages compared to the control-negative group in which the weak intensity (1+) recorded the highest percentages. Conclusion: Chronic exposure to formaldehyde causes significant histological changes that may lead to cancer induction. S-100 may appear as pro-inflammatory and proliferative marker, also S-100 expression associated with chondrocyte hypertrophy.
The predictive value of plasma uridine for type 2 diabetes and its atherosclerotic complications
Authors: Yang Yueyuan , Yu Tingting , Niu Zhili , Gao Ling
Published: April 2024

Objective

Uridine might be a common link between pathological pathways in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of plasma uridine for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and T2D with atherosclerosis.

Methods

Individuals with T2D and healthy controls (n = 218) were randomly enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Patients with T2D were divided into two groups based on carotid ultrasound: patients with carotid atherosclerosis (CA) (group DCA) and patients without CA (group D). Plasma uridine was determined using HPLC-MS/MS. Correlation and logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the results.

Results

Fasting and postprandial uridine were significantly increased in patients with T2D compared with healthy individuals. Logistic regression suggested that fasting and postprandial uridine were independent risk factors for T2D. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that fasting uridine had a predictive value on T2D (95% CI, 0.686–0.863, sensitivity 74.3%, specificity 71.8%). Fasting uridine was positively correlated with LDL-c, FBG, and PBG and negatively correlated with fasting C-peptide (CP-0h) and HOMA-IS. The change in postprandial uridine from fasting baseline (Δuridine) was smaller in T2D patients with CA compared with those without (0.80 (0.04–2.46) vs 2.01 (0.49–3.15), P = 0.010). Δuridine was also associated with T2D with CA and negatively correlated with BMI, CP-0h, and HOMA-IR.

Conclusion

Fasting uridine has potential as a predictor of diabetes. Δuridine is closely associated with carotid atherosclerosis in patients with T2D.
Radiofrequency ablation is an effective treatment for Bethesda III thyroid nodules without genetic alterations
Authors: Fugazzola Laura , Deandrea Maurilio , Borgato Stefano , Dell’Acqua Marco , Retta Francesca , Mormile Alberto , Carzaniga Chiara , Gazzano Giacomo , Pogliaghi Gabriele , Muzza Marina , Persani Luca
Published: April 2024

Background

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is effective in the treatment of thyroid nodules, leading to a 50–90% reduction with respect to baseline. Current guidelines indicate the need for a benign cytology prior to RFA, though, on the other side, this procedure is also successfully used for the treatment of papillary microcarcinomas. No specific indications are available for nodules with an indeterminate cytology (Bethesda III/IV).

Aim

To evaluate the efficacy of RFA in Bethesda III nodules without genetic alterations as verified by means of a custom panel.

Methods

We have treated 33 patients (mean delivered energy 1069 ± 1201 J/mL of basal volume) with Bethesda III cytology, EU-TIRADS 3-4, and negative genetic panel. The mean basal nodular volume was 17.3 ± 10.7 mL.

Results

Considering the whole series, the mean volume reduction rate (VRR) was 36.8 ± 16.5% at 1 month, 59.9 ± 15.5% at 6 months, and 62 ± 15.7% at 1-year follow-up. The sub-analysis done in patients with 1 and 2 years follow-up data available (n = 20 and n = 5, respectively) confirmed a progressive nodular volume decrease. At all-time points, the rate of reduction was statistically significant (P < 0.0001), without significant correlation between the VRR and the basal volume. Neither cytological changes nor complications were observed after the procedure.

Conclusion

RFA is effective in Bethesda III, oncogene-negative nodules, with reduction rates similar to those obtained in confirmed benign lesions. This procedure represents a good alternative to surgery or active surveillance in this particular class of nodules, regardless of their initial volume. A longer follow-up will allow to evaluate further reduction or possible regrowth.
Spatial Resolution of a small animal PET scanner using 68Ga isotope
Authors: Garcia Victoria M. , Silva A. C. M. , Gontijo Rodrigo Modesto Gadelha , Vidal Ferreira Andréa
Published: April 2024

Nuclear Medicine is a modality that has been growing a lot in Brazil and in the world, bringing new radiopharmaceuticals and technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, making them more effective and accurate. In the development of new radiopharmaceuticals for use in positron emission tomography (PET), the preclinical studies step largely uses PET scanners dedicated to small animals. To achieve this, quality control tests must be carried out to ensure the efficiency of the equipment. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the spatial resolution of the small animals PET scanner of the CDTN using the isotope 68Ga. In this sense, a microPET hot rod phantom and a commercial 68Ge/68Ga generator were used to obtain PET images. The analysis of the 68Ga-PET images of the simulator was carried out qualitatively and quantitatively and revealed that the spatial resolution of the system using the 68Ga is 3.5 mm.
Evaluation of seasonal anoxia in Florianópolis North Bay through environmental indicators
Authors: Eichler Patrícia Pinheiro Beck
Published: April 2024

Foraminifera, as single-celled organisms encased in shell-like structures known as tests, play pivotal roles within marine ecosystems. Their ubiquitous presence and fossilized remains provide invaluable insights into past environmental conditions. However, contemporary challenges posed by human activities imperil foraminiferal populations, notably through pollution-induced hypoxia, a condition characterized by oxygen depletion in aquatic environments. This study focuses on utilizing foraminifera as bioindicators to assess hypoxia within Florianópolis's North Bay, situated in Brazil. Sediment samples collected in May and October 2014 served as the basis for this investigation. By analyzing both abiotic and biological data, the study uncovered concerning trends, including low oxygen levels and elevated organic matter content in the bay's sediments. These environmental conditions create favorable habitats for opportunistic species such as Ammonia tepida, known for their resilience to fluctuating environmental parameters. Additionally, the presence of an invasive species, Trochammina hadai, further complicates the ecological dynamics of the bay. This invasive species, originally from San Francisco Bay and Japan, underscores the interconnectedness of marine ecosystems and the potential consequences of biological invasions. The findings from this study shed light on the ecological imbalance within Florianópolis's North Bay, highlighting the urgent need for comprehensive management strategies. Addressing the root causes of pollution and hypoxia is paramount to safeguarding the bay's biodiversity and ecological health. Implementing effective conservation measures will be essential to ensure the long-term vitality of this marine ecosystem for future generations.
Ocimum Basilicum (basil/tulsi): a herbal sustainable treasure and its therapeutic potency
Authors: Rani Kirti
Published: April 2024

Basil is a good source of free radical scavenging compounds that have their traditional medicinal applications that may be successful for future modern medical applications and personal care as well. Ocimum basilicum (Basil) has long been revered for its culinary allure, but its medicinal benefits are equally remarkable. Ocimum basilicum is known for its bioactive therapeutic metabolites. Basil is used in Ayurveda and in traditional medicine to treat digestive system disorders like stomach ache, fever and diarrhoea, kidney infections. Various vegetative parts of Ocimum species were explore by researchers to test their anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potential. Holy basil is also found to contain eugenol oil that may helpful to treat hypertension. Basil essential oils and its phytochemical compounds were found to exhibit excellent antimicrobial activity against a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, yeast, and mold. The analysis of antimicrobial properties was also confirmed that Ocimum basilicum essential oils have excellent inhibiting activity by showing growth inhibition zones ranged from 9.67 to 15.33 mm in Gram-positive microbes and Gram-negative microbes including inhibition zone ranging from 5.33 to 7.33 mm in yeast. Observed lowest minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of Ocimum basilicum essential oils was 3.21 µL/mL against Gram -negative Azotobacter chrococcum and Gram -positive Micrococcus luteus. Notable highest insecticidal activity was also found against Pyrrhocoris apterus that caused the death of 80% of individuals globally. As a result, Ocimum basilicum essential oils have potent broad spectrum of activity, so that its various extracts can become safe and sustainable herbal choice to preserve fruit and vegetables against plant pathogenic infections.. Hence, this discrete review is strived to explore basil's safe and sustainable therapeutic approaches in combating microbial and viral infections, oxidative stress including improving metabolic disorders, cognitive improvement, strengthening the immune system, oral health and skin wellness.
Social mechanisms for the development of irregular human settlements in Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico
Authors: Jiménez Sánchez Pedro Leobardo , Rosas Ferrusca Francisco Javier , Alanís Héctor Campos
Published: April 2024

The work presents partial results of a research carried out by the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, oriented to the analysis of urban growth that develops on the periphery of cities through informal and illegal land occupation processes. The analysis aims to address the social practices and mechanisms that the population exercises to satisfy their land and housing needs, taking the city of Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico as a case study. The results show that the State and real estate developers express their interest in developing the city in a formal way, in which they satisfy the needs of the population with high economic resources and leave aside the poorest population, who practice social actions for the development of irregular human settlements.
Postmigratische Familienkulturen
Authors: Wonneberger Astrid
Published: April 2024

Postmigration ist aktuell in aller Munde. War der Begriff (in verschiedenen Kombinationen, z.B. postmigrantische Perspektive, postmigrantische Gesellschaft) bis vor etwa zehn Jahren noch kaum gebräuchlich, ist er heute weder in Diskussionen rund um das Thema Migration noch in der Wissenschaft wohl kaum noch wegzudenken. Auch das Forschungs- und Verbundprojekt „Postmigrantische Familienkulturen“ (kurz: POMIKU), dem diese Ausgabe der standpunkt: sozial gewidmet ist, verwendet diesen Terminus im Titel und das dahinterliegende Konzept als analytischen Rahmen, der an dieser Stelle genauer vorgestellt und diskutiert wird.
Traum vom „afrikanischen Dorf“
Authors: Stelzig Sabina
Published: April 2024

Vorstellungen von Familie, ihren Funktionen, ihren Leistungen und Fehlleistungen, familialen Möglichkeiten und Bedarfen dürften als grundlegend für die Ausgestaltung von familienbezogener Beratung gelten. Dabei bleibt jedoch häufig unklar, welche normativen Vorstellungen von einer „guten“ Familie und von gelingenden Familienbeziehungen als Zielvorstellungen vorliegen. Ausgangsthese der durchgeführten Untersuchung ist, dass normative Vorstellungen von Familie in der Beratung für Familien, Kinder und Jugendliche wirksam werden. Zur Untersuchung wurde ein empirisch-deskriptiver Zugang mit zehn Fachkräften im Nahraum der Großwohnsiedlung Lenzsiedlung gewählt, die eine Umgebung mit einem vielseitigen Spektrum zahlreicher pädagogische Angebote und Beratungseinrichtungen aufweist. Diskutiert wird u.a. der Befund, dass bei den befragten Fachkräften eine große Offenheit gegenüber unterschiedlich gelebten Familienformen gezeigt werden kann, eine Wertung von „guter Familie“ jedoch durchgehend vor dem Hintergrund des Ideals der bürgerlichen Kleinfamilie vorgenommen wird. Die mutmaßlich aus „Afrika“ stammenden Redewendung vom „ganzen Dorf“ bezüglich dem Aufziehen von Kindern spielt, ergänzend und teilweise im Widerstreit zum Ideal der bürgerlichen Kleinfamilie, eine große Rolle in den Vorstellungen der Fachkräfte über eine „gute Familie“.
Männer - der blinde Fleck in der Erforschung postmigrantischer Familienkulturen?
Authors: Stelzig Sabina , Lölsdorf Diana , Wonneberger Astrid , Weidtmann Katja
Published: April 2024

Nach vier Jahren intensiver fachlichen Auseinandersetzung mit dem Zusammenleben der Familien und Bewohner:innen der Lenzsiedlung aus der Perspektive einer postmigrantischen Gesellschaft wird deutlich, dass durch eine unterproportionale Beteiligung von Männern die Darstellung ihrer Perspektiven in manchen Forschungsergebnissen begrenzt bleibt. Obwohl durchaus Erkenntnisse aus Interviews mit männlichen Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen in die Ergebnisdarstellung des Forschungsprojekts eingeflossen sind, können aufgrund der geringen Fallzahl zu manchen Themen kaum Aussagen zu Menschen mit dem Merkmal „männlich“ getroffen werden. Wie ist es möglich, dass diese Gruppe trotz vielfacher Thematisierung der mangelnden Erreichbarkeit und Versuche des Entgegenwirkens nicht ausreichend berücksichtigt werden konnte? Und welche Implikationen ergeben sich aus diesen Befunden für künftige Forschungsdesigns in ähnlichen Settings? Fünf strukturelle und methodische Aspekte werden diskutiert.
POMIKU-Abschlusstagung
Authors: Wonneberger Astrid
Published: April 2024

Zum Abschluss des Forschungsprojekts Postmigrantische Familienkulturen (Pomiku) fand am 28.02.und 01.03.2022 die zweitägige Tagung „Postmigrantische Perspektiven auf Familie“ statt. Drei Teilnehmerinnen berichten über die Tagung.
Relationship between mineral fertilization, plant macro- and microelement contents and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Nenova L. , Benkova M. , Simeonova Ts. , Atanassova I.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The effectiveness of mineral fertilization on wheat productivity was determined in a field experiment on Alluvial-meadow soil (Fluvisol, FAO 2015) at the experimental field of Tsalapitsa village, Plovdiv region, during 2019-2020. Four increasing rates of nitrogen fertilization along with a constant background of phosphorus fertilization were tested in the following variants: N40P100; N80P100; N120P100; N160P100, and N0P0 (control) – without any fertilization. The influence of these variants on yield and the content of basic macro- and microelements in wheat’s dry biomass were assessed. Plant samples were collected at the full maturity phase of wheat, with each variant sampled in triplicate, to determine the concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe. Correlation analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed to identify dependencies between observed variables. Significant differences between the variants for N% content in grain, chaff and straw of wheat were established. The highest nitrogen values were observed in the grain of the N160P100 and N120P100 variants, at 2.10% and 2.02%, respectively. The applied fertilization had a significant positive effect on the accumulation of potassium, calcium, copper, manganese and iron in wheat biomass. This finding was supported by the correlation coefficients between fertilizer rates and N (R = 0.948), Ca (R = 0.854), Cu (R = 0.681), Mn (R = 0.735), and Fe (R = 0.769) in the wheat grain. Significant yield differences were observed among the variants, with the highest yield recorded for N120P100 (7123.0 kg/ha), more than tripling that of the control variant. The uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by the total biomass of wheat increased depending on the fertilization rates and it was the highest in the N120P100 variant.
Multiple detection of hypermucoviscous and hypervirulent strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae: An emergent health care threat
Authors: Ventura Anna , Addis Elena , Bertoncelli Anna , Mazzariol Annarita
Published: April 2024

This study focused on the characterization of 19 hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, that were identified from 26 hypermucosal strains. In order to identify hypermucoviscous strains of K. pneumoniae, the string test was applied. This phenotype is known in the literature as one of the virulence factors of this species together with the production of biofilm and other hypervirulence factor genes such as: rmpA, rmpA2, iucA, iroB, peg-344. We also investigated presence of magA gene that correlates with the hyper-production of capsule of K1 serotype. Of the strains under study, 13 out of 19 harboured at least one virulence factor.

Sequence type (ST) was determined in order to identify known high-risk clones or new emerging high-risk clones and their variability in a single clinical setting. Important STs found among these strains were ST65 and ST29. Carbapenem resistance was also investigated and 4 out of 19 strains harboured at least a carbapenemase: one strain harboured a KPC enzyme alone, one strain carried a KPC and an OXA-48 like, one strain produced OXA-48-like alone, and the last strain harboured two metallo-β-lactamases (VIM-1 and NDM-5) plus OXA-48-like. In particular, this latter strain belongs to ST383, which was recently reported in Northern Italy as a hypervirulent and XDR strain.

The global spread of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae is an important epidemiological issue that should be considered in diagnostic and therapeutic managements of patients with K. pneumoniae infections.
A sokszínű mesterséges intelligencia
Authors: Buda András
Published: April 2024

Az elmúlt évtizedekben a mesterséges intelligencia (MI) fejlődése forradalmi
változásokat generált az élet különböző területein. E fejlődési folyamat az
oktatásra is jelentős hatással bír, az MI számos lehetőséget rejt magában a
tanulás és tanítás terén. Ez a tanulmány áttekintést nyújt a mesterséges
intelligencia használatának dinamikus fejlődéséről, különös hangsúlyt fektetve
az oktatási szektorra, hiszen az adaptív tanulási környezetektől az oktatói
segítségnyújtásig számos MI-alkalmazás könnyítheti meg a diákok és oktatók
életét. Az írás egyben bevezetőként szolgál a tematikus szám tanulmányaihoz,
melyek mélyebben tárják fel a mesterséges intelligencia oktatási dimenzióit,
bemutatva azokat a kihívásokat és lehetőségeket, amelyekkel a tanárok és az
oktatási intézmények szembesülnek az intelligens technológiák bevezetése
során.
Towards a study protocol: A data-driven workflow to identify error sources in direct ink write mechatronics
Authors: Aung Hein Htet , Jimenez Jayvic Cristian , Au Brian , Caviness Pigeon , Cerda Robert , Tran Quynh D. , Tripathi Pawan , Giera Brian , French Roger H. , Bruckman Laura S.
Published: April 2024

Using Direct Ink Write (DIW) technology in a rapid and large-scale production requires reliable quality control for printed parts. Data streams generated during printing, such as print mechatronics, are massive and diverse which impedes extracting insights. In our study protocol approach, we developed a data-driven workflow to understand the behavior of sensor-measured X- and Y-axes positional errors with process parameters, such as print velocity and velocity control. We uncovered patterns showing that instantaneous changes in the velocity, when the build platform accelerates and decelerates, largely influence the positional errors, especially in the X-axis due to the hardware architecture. Since DIW systems share similar mechatronic inputs and outputs, our study protocol approach is broadly applicable and scalable across multiple systems.

Graphical abstract
Investigation of electromagnetic processes in the case of static eccentricity of a two-pole induction motor with a short-circuited rotor
Authors: Kotsur I.M. , Kotsur M.I. , Yarymbash D.S. , Dyvchuk T.Ye. , Bezverkhnia Yu. S. , Ozerov V.S.
Published: April 2024

Purpose. Correction of the mathematical model of electromagnetic processes in a two-pole induction motor with a short-circuited rotor, taking into account static rotor eccentricity to identify diagnostic correlations.
Methodology. Analytical modeling using the method of specific magnetic conductivity, mathematical modeling of electromagnetic fields in a three-phase induction motor with a short-circuited rotor using methods of electromagnetic field theory and finite element methods.
Obtained results. The necessity of improving mathematical models for induction motors with short-circuited rotors to establish new or refine connections between diagnostic features and diagnosed defects has been demonstrated. Refined mathematical expressions for calculating the specific conductivity of non-uniform air gaps in induction motors with static eccentricity are provided. Modeling was performed using the FEMM environment for a statically eccentric two-pole induction motor with a short-circuited rotor. It has been proven that the harmonic order values obtained using the numerical-field method are consistent with those obtained analytically.
Findings. Based on the field approach and using the finite elements method, an analysis of the distribution of magnetic field in a two-pole induction motor with a short-circuited rotor was conducted. Harmonic analysis of the magnetic field in the air gap was performed to identify the fundamental harmonic and higher and lower-order harmonics when eccentricity occurs. The influence of static rotor eccentricity on the electromagnetic processes of the induction motor was analyzed.
Practical value. The results of the study can be utilized for functional diagnosis of the rotor winding of induction motors based on the radial component of the magnetic field. This will contribute to enhancing the reliability of induction motors and enable the prevention of failure in induction motors with short-circuited rotors.
Oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists in the treatment of non-valvular atrial fibrillation in patients with stage 4-5 chronic kidney disease
Authors: Skorodumova E. G. , Rubanenko O. A. , Rubanenko A. O. , Enginoev S. T. , Kercheva M. A. , Zaslavskaya E. L. , Efremova E. V. , Gubareva E. Yu. , Lyapina I. N. , Velieva R. M. , Skorodumova E. A. , Siverina A. V.
Published: April 2024

Aim. To compare the effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) with a vitamin K antagonist (VKA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and stage 4 and 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Material and methods. We searched in the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases from 1990 to 2022 for studies that compared DOACs with VKAs in patients with AF and stage 4 and 5 CKD. The patient, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) search strategy was used. Data were extracted by independent researchers and meta-analyzed.

Results. A total of 6 studies were included in this meta-analysis. In terms of effectiveness, DOACs were comparable to VKAs. In terms of safety, DOACs and VKAs also had no statistical differences in hemorrhagic stroke, minor/gastrointestinal bleeding, overall mortality, but there was statistical significance in major bleeding. 

Conclusion. In terms of efficacy and safety, in general, DOACs were comparable to VKAs, but there were a number of following differences: the administration of DOACs to patients with stage 4 and 5 CKD, as well as those on hemodialysis, was accompanied by a significant reduction in the number of major bleedings, compared with warfarin therapy.
Availability of basic first aid training for cardiac arrest for people with disabilities
Authors: Birkun A. A. , Kosova Ye. A. , Redkokosh K. I. , Gapon A. S.
Published: April 2024

Aim. Basic first aid digital training for cardiac arrest opens up opportunities for mass dissemination of knowledge, popularization and motivation of the population to provide assistance, and can also replace the theoretical part of classroom training, reducing the cost of training. However, due to poor design, such training may not be available to people with disabilities (PWD), who constitute a large population of more than one billion potential participants in first aid. The aim was to study the digital accessibility (web accessibility) of massive open online courses in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for PWD.

Material and methods. A search was carried out for free English-language online courses teaching the principles and rules of providing first aid in cardiac arrest. In addition, the digital content of online courses was assessed for compliance with the international Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1.

Results. All basic CPR online courses analyzed (n=28) were characterized by poor web accessibility. For each course, between 26,9% and 51,3% of the WCAG 2.1 guideline success criteria were not met. All courses have web accessibility errors related to text contrast and visual issues, lack of alternative text descriptions for non-text content, missing abbreviations, and web page layout issues that prevent the use of assistive technologies (such as text-to-speech software). Overall, none of the courses meet all of the criteria for the minimum acceptable level of compliance with WCAG 2.1 guidelines. The discovered problems of web accessibility can serve as serious, sometimes insurmountable barriers to the mastery of courses by students (including older people) with visual impairments, hearing loss, motor, cognitive and neurological disorders.

Conclusion. All free mass online courses on basic CPR have deficiencies in the availability of digital content, which significantly complicate the learning of educational materials by PWD. The development of uniform guidelines for accessible educational content, along with the intensification of research and the implementation of organizational and methodological measures to ensure the availability of educational resources on first aid for various categories of the population, should help create equal opportunities for quality training. In addition, this should significantly expand the population coverage with training, and increase the frequency and effectiveness of first aid.
Medication adherence of cardiovascular patients after COVID-19: 6-month follow-up
Authors: Tyapaeva A. R. , Naumova E. A. , Semenova O. N. , Bulaeva Yu. V. , Tyapkina D. A. , Boroday A. A.
Published: April 2024

Aim. To evaluate the relationship of various factors with adherence to therapy in cardiovascular patients after a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Material and methods. The study included 284 patients (inpatients — 176, outpatients — 108) with cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, heart failure (HF), coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation) after COVID-19. We collected data on cardiovascular history, made a questionnaire survey about COVID-19 course (symptoms, their severity, self-assessment of the disease severity). Paraclinical diagnostic investigations were carried out. In addition, 1, 3, 6 months after recovery, all respondents were invited for examination, laboratory tests, and survey using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Cardiovascular therapy adherence was assessed at 1, 3 and 6 months after recovery and adherence to COVID-19 treatment 1 month after inclusion in the study by comparing the compliance of the drugs prescribed at discharge with its actual use.

Results. In total, 212 respondents continued study participation after 1 month, while 64,2% were adherent to cardiovascular therapy and 56,6% — to COVID-19 therapy. Compliance at 3 and 6 months was 60,4% (n=212) and 52,8% (n=188), respectively. A moderate correlation was found between adherence to treatment and the persistence of apprehension 1 month after recovery (r=0,33, p<0,05), moderate or severe weakness during disease (r=0,31, p<0,05), COVID-19 severity (r=0,39, p<0,05). Inhospital respondents with lung tissue involvement >25% (n=64, 36,4%) were more adherent to standard cardiovascular therapy, prescribed in accordance with clinical guidelines (r=0,336, p<0,05). Adverse events in the form of a hypertensive crisis, arrhythmias, decompensated HF 1, 3, 6 months after recovery significantly increased the compliance with medical recommendations (p<0,05). Medication adherence regarding COVID-19 was associated with the disease severity, HF history, apprehension and anxiety, weakness, and decreased exercise tolerance (p<0,05).

Conclusion. After 1 month, adherence to cardiovascular and COVID-19 therapy did not differ significantly (p>0,05). Compliance after 1, 3, 6 months was positively influenced by COVID-19 severity, the subjective feeling of weakness, apprehension and anxiety during disease and the persistence of a subjective feeling of anxiety after recovery. Adverse events (hypertensive crisis, arrhythmia, decompensated HF) during 1, 3 and 6 months after COVID-19 significantly (p<0,05) increased adherence to treatment.
Aortic valve hemodynamic characteristics after the Ozaki procedure according to echocardiography: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Rashidova T. K. , Enginoev S. T. , Chernov I. I. , Kolesnikov V. N. , Komarov R. N. , Belov V. A. , Gamzaev A. B. , Arutyunyan V. B. , Kadyraliev B. K. , Semagin A. P. , Kuznetsov D. V. , Zybin A. A. , Tlisov B. M. , Kalinina M. L. , Konovalov N. S. , Bolurova A. M. , Dzhambieva M. N. , Skorodumova E. G.
Published: April 2024

Aim. To evaluate the aortic valve (AV) hemodynamic characteristics after the Ozaki procedure according to echocardiography.

Material and methods. The retrospective multicenter study included 277 patients with AV defects who were operated on from January 2017 to June 2022 in five centers in Russia. After the Ozaki procedure, the following endpoints were assessed: immediate echocardiographic results (peak AV gradient, mean AV gradient, AV effective orifice area, aortic regurgitation grade), mid-term clinical (three-year survival rate, three-year freedom from reoperation, three-year freedom from grade ≤2 aortic regurgitation) and echocardiographic results (peak and mean AV gradient, AV effective orifice area, aortic regurgitation grade, AV calcification severity). The median follow-up period was 23 (13-32) months. The mean echocardiography follow-up period was 21±10 months.

Results. During the treatment, a decrease in the peak AV gradient was observed from 74±30 mm Hg before surgery up to 12 (8-16) mm Hg one week after surgery, which remained in the mid-term period — 12 (9-15) mm Hg. There was also a decrease in the mean gradient from 40 (27-53) mm Hg before surgery up to 6 (4-8) mm Hg one week after surgery. By the mid-term period, the mean gradient was 6 (4-8) mm Hg. The AV effective orifice area increased from 1 (1-1) cm2 to 2 (2-2) cm2 in the mid-term follow-up period. Three-year survival rate was 90,2%, freedom from reoperation was 95%, freedom from grade ³2 aortic regurgitation was 88%, and no patient had AV calcification.

Conclusion. The Ozaki procedure in patients with AV defects has good immediate and mid-term hemodynamic parameters according to echocardiography. However, there remains a need for large randomized controlled trials comparing Ozaki procedure with biological AV replacement.
Myocardial infarction in patients with HIV infection: incidence, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical performance and treatment
Authors: Protasov K. V. , Eniseeva E. S. , Plotnikova Yu. K.
Published: April 2024

HIV infection increases the risk of premature myocardial infarction (MI) and other atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, which are the main noncommunicable cause of death in HIV-infected patients. The review presents the analysis of recent literature on the incidence, prevalence and risk factors of MI in HIV-infected people. It established that MI is associated with the combined effects of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, HIV infection and the cardiometabolic effects of antiretroviral therapy. Pathogenetic features of acute coronary syndrome in HIV infection under conditions of systemic immune-mediated inflammation, hypercoagulation and direct exposure to the virus are highlighted. The clinical features and coronary damage in MI are described. Methods of treating MI are compared. We concluded that the volume and quality of care for patients with HIV and MI is insufficient. From the perspective of possible drug interactions with antiretroviral therapy, effectiveness and safety of methods for secondary prevention of MI was analyzed.
Analysis of factors influencing doctors' awareness of clinical guidelines for heart failure treatment
Authors: Perepech N. B. , Tregubov A. V. , Mikhailova I. E.
Published: April 2024

Aim. To find out the relationship between the awareness level of clinical guidelines on heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction and a number of professional characteristics (specialty, work experience, self-assessment of awareness level, attitude towards the use of guidelines, the main way of document study). To improve the efficiency and development of the postgraduate education system, the factors that influence doctors' awareness of guidelines should be determined.

Material and methods. The study included the results of an anonymous survey of 207 doctors (155 cardiologists, 44 therapists, 8 doctors of other specialties). To assess the significance of differences, Student's t-test, c2-test and Fisher's exact test were used.

Results. The mean number of correct answers to the questionnaire among cardiologists was significantly higher than among general practitioners (p<0,001). In the group of physicians with less than 5 years of work experience, there was a large variability in the mean number of correct answers — 6,2±4,0. Physicians with 6-10 years and 11-20 years of experience in their specialty were more likely to choose the correct answers than doctors with more than 20 years of experience. Professionals who considered themselves "fully informed" on clinical guidelines gave fewer correct answers than doctors who had less high self-rating (p<0,001). The proportion of correct answers in the subgroup of doctors who consider guidelines to be mandatory was greater than in the subgroups of doctors who hold a different opinion (p<0,05). The best results were shown by physicians who indicated direct text-oriented way as preferred for studying guidelines (p<0,001).

Conclusion. The awareness level of clinical guidelines on the treatment of HF by cardiologists should be considered insufficient, and by therapists — extremely low. Doctors are not sufficiently informed about the need to comply with clinical guidelines. When planning training, the specialty and work experience of the doctor should be taken into account. Unjustifiably high self-rating of knowledge interferes with professional development. The best way of self-education should be considered direct study of the text of clinical guidelines.
O OMENTO MAIOR PODE SER DOADOR DE CÉLULAS-TRONCO AO MIOCÁRDIO ISQUÊMICO?
Authors: Kubrusly Fernando Bermudez , Ribas Filho Jurandir Marcondes , Nassif Paulo Afonso Nunes , Gewehr Douglas Mesadri , Piovesan João Lucchese , Santos Oscar Capistrano dos , Nascimento-Filho Geraldo Odilon do , Kubrusly Luiz Fernando
Published: April 2024

Introdução: Recentes progressos feitos na bioengenharia de enxertos cardíacos oferecem nova modalidade terapêutica para a regeneração do tecido cardíaco pós-infarto do miocárdio. O CD34 é marcador que expressa todas as células precursoras hematopoiéticas e endoteliais, e funciona como fator de adesão celular. O anticorpo que correspondente a este marcador é utilizado na imunoistoquímica para avaliar a formação de novos vasos e a presença de células-tronco.
Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da omentopexia na neovascularização e células-tronco.
Métodos:  Revisão colhendo informações publicadas em plataformas virtuais selecionadas (SciELO – Scientific Electronic Library Online, Google Scholar, Pubmed e Scopus).  A busca iniciou-se por descritores relacionados ao tema, identificados por meio do DeCS/MESH nos seguintes descritores: “isquemia miocárdica; revascularização miocárdica; omentopexia; imunoistoquímica; CD34; células-tronco” e seus equivalentes em inglês: “stem cell; myocardial ischemia; myocardial revascularization; omentopexy; immunohistochemistry; CD34”. Foram lidos pelo título e resumo, com busca AND ou OR seguindo-se da leitura na íntegra daqueles com maior relação ao tema. Foram incluídos o total de 23 artigos.
Resultados: O omento maior tem propriedade clínica marcante em conter sítios de danos teciduais. Ele aumenta seu volume tecidual em resposta às partículas estranhas e inflamatórias envolvendo diversas células imunomoduladoras com células progenitoras, em um processo chamado “ativação do omento”.
Conclusão: A cárdio-omentopexia associada à abrasão mecânica e perfurações miocárdicas, mostra ser eficiente na indução de neovascularização. O omento maior promove células-tronco - confirmadas pelo CD34 -, demonstrando grande potencial como futura terapêutica para restaurar áreas de miocárdio isquêmico.
Design of the Nant Ffrwd mainline bridges with flexible integral frame abutments
Authors: de La Cuesta Padilla José Luis , Mirehsan Reza , Guan Winnie
Published: April 2024

As part of the A465 Head of the Valleys sections 5 and 6 project, two integral bridges with a maximum span of 70 m across the Nant Ffrwd valley were designed to support the new mainline carriageway construction. The topography and founding rock levels were such that abutment walls up to 19 m high were required. To provide significant material and carbon dioxide efficiencies, the abutments were designed to be slender with their flexibility accounted for in the design. For full-height integral frame abutments, UK guidance presents a limit equilibrium/simplified method to determine K* (enhanced horizontal earth pressure coefficient generated from strain ratcheting), where the values of earth pressures generated are based on the full height of the abutment and do not consider abutment flexibility. For slender abutments, this can be conservative for the design and unrealistic to the soil–structure interaction. Where the foundation is rigid and the abutment flexible, there will be parts of the abutment that will not deflect or rotate from expansion of the bridge deck and will thus not generate earth pressures that approach the limiting K* values. This paper discusses the design of the Nant Ffrwd bridges and the methods used to determine the magnitudes of earth pressures and their distribution based on the stiffnesses of the foundation and the structural elements.
Erratum
Authors: Kurul Editöryel
Published: April 2024

In the following article published in Trends in Business and Economics Volume 38 Issue 1, the name of the author Ferhat PEHLİVANOĞLU was written as Ferhat PEHLİVANLIOĞLU by mistake.
"Analysis of Profitability Levels of Deposit Banks in Turkey - Pehlivanoğlu, F., Erarslan, C., Narman, Z., & Sulukan, C. (2024). Analysis of profitability levels of deposit banks in turkey. Trends in Business and Economics, 38(1), 24-31. DOI: 10.5152/TBE.2024.23201"

The correction was applied on the web page and updated at https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/3698638.
Líneas investigativas en la construcción de la paz, en el campo de la educación física, la recreación y el deporte
Authors: Sánchez-Cadavid Jairo Antonio , Arcila-Rodríguez William Orlando
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo es resultado del estado de arte en tendencias en construcción de paz, en educación física, recreación y deporte. Su objetivo es identificar tendencias investigativas desde el campo de la educación física, por medio de la revisión documental de productos resultados de investigación, para luego sistematizar y analizar a través del software atlas.ti por medio de un ejercicio de categorización abierta, axial y selectiva, apoyado en el método de relevancias y opacidades. La masa documental se configuró por 33 documentos, resultados e investigaciones publicadas en los últimos diez años (2012-2022) y rastreadas en las bases de datos Scielo, Redalyc, Metarevistas y Dialnet. Los resultados logrados demuestran que en la actualidad existen investigaciones, que van encaminadas a demostrar las tendencias de construcción de paz y educación para la paz en el contexto educativo, es por ello que se realiza un acercamiento de estos resultados, y un análisis encaminado a determinar cuáles investigaciones abarcan la educación física y las prácticas pedagógicas que allí se realizan, direccionadas a la paz y lo que esto conlleva en el ámbito educativo; de esta manera como conclusión, se refleja que existen pocas investigaciones que abarquen prácticas significativas de paz en el campo de la educación física, la recreación y el deporte, por lo tanto, es potencial para generar conocimiento y aportar a la construcción de la paz desde futuras investigaciones.
Tensiones entre la normatividad y la formación de docentes para la geografía escolar en Colombia
Authors: Córdoba-Aldana John Harold
Published: April 2024

El artículo aborda las tensiones existentes en la enseñanza de la geografía en los niveles de educación básica y media en Colombia. Centra su análisis en la interacción entre las políticas públicas educativas, el estado actual de los programas de formación docente y la situación de la geografía escolar. A través de este enfoque, contribuye al debate sobre los retos y oportunidades en la enseñanza de esta disciplina en el país. La metodología empleada es de carácter cualitativo y documental, utilizando una amplia gama de normatividad institucionales (leyes, decretos, resoluciones, lineamientos), mayoritariamente emitidas por el gobierno colombiano. Además, se analizan datos de instituciones de educación superior y del Sistema Nacional de Información de la Educación Superior (SNIES) para comprender mejor las orientaciones formativas en geografía.
La investigación revela que, aunque la política colombiana para la formación de maestros en geografía en la educación básica y media avanza, lo hace a un ritmo más lento comparado con los programas de formación de educadores en ciencias sociales. Estos últimos están adoptando enfoques contemporáneos en geografía, resaltando su aspecto social y humano, y promoviendo un enfoque más teórico e investigativo. Esta renovación pedagógica podría fomentar una enseñanza de la geografía más integradora y actualizada, contribuyendo al fortalecimiento de la alfabetización espacial en los ciudadanos colombianos, pese a las limitaciones impuestas por la normatividad vigente.
Psychological Research in the Multidisciplinary Discourse of Agency: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Mironenko Irina A.
Published: April 2024

It is shown that the cause of the systemic difficulties experienced by the international mainstream of psychology in developing the problem of agency as a human ability to initiate a change in the environment is that the latter is a phenomenon that has not previously been the focus of attention for international psychology, and thus, for the analysis of which the old methodological optics of the Western-centric mainstream, which took shape in the second half of the 20th century and which is based on the theoretical model of the “universal” human, endowed with “universal” human qualities, is not applicable. 
In the light of the theory of de-structuration (neo-structuration), focusing on qualitative and radical changes in the social world over the past decades, more promising approaches to understanding contemporary human personality are those grounding on considering personality as a culturally dependent and changeable entity, primarily the subjekt-activity approach which is developing in the Russian discourse and in the international science is not enough known. We consider the subjekt-activity approach not as one of those constituting the global mainstream, but as an alternative to the mainstream for theoretical and methodological grounds.
The prospects of developing the problem of agency from the standpoint of the subjekt-activity approach, both in terms of the theory and methodology of psychology, and in terms of practical applications, are substantiated. The relevance of practical applications of the subjekt-activity approach in the field of education is determined by the logic of social macro-processes. As a constructive approach to the development of the problem of agency in psychology, we propose to abandon the two dispositions that dominate in the mainstream: a) the search for the “center of agency” as a separate component and substructure of the psyche, which implements certain functions, skills, etc., - shifting to considering agency as a systemic and integral attribute of the individual, individually specific and developing during the lifetime (a “higher” psychic function); b) the search for the foundations of agency in the sphere of cognition and reflection - changing the focus of research to motivational and volitional sphere.
Insufficienza tricuspidalica: valutazione ed indicazioni alla correzione
Authors: Ilardi Federica , Sgherzi Giulia , Nappa Dalila , Manzo Rachele , Carusone Federica , Esposito Giovanni
Published: April 2024

L’insufficienza tricuspidalica (IT) è una importante causa di mortalità e morbidità. Nonostante un’appropriata anamnesi ed esame obiettivo restino essenziali nella valutazione complessiva e nel management dei pazienti con sospetta malattia valvolare, i metodi diagnostici, in particolare l’ecocardiografia, sono necessari e cruciali per identificare l’eziologia e la severità dell’insufficienza valvolare. Se fino ad un decennio fa la chirurgia riparativa o sostitutiva rappresentava l’unica opzione terapeutica per i pazienti affetti da IT severa sintomatica, lo sviluppo di tecniche di riparazione percutanee ha fornito una valida alternativa nei soggetti ad elevato rischio chirurgico, specie nelle forme di IT isolata in cui il trattamento chirurgico risulta ancora oggi gravato da un’elevata mortalità. Uno studio accurato dell’anatomia e della patofisiologia alla base della valvulopatia tricuspidalica, insieme ad un’attenta valutazione della disfunzione atriale e ventricolare destra associate sono necessarie al fine di determinare la tipologia di intervento ed il timing ottimale.