bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the Durability of a Polypropylene Geotextile under Artificial Aging Scenarios
Authors: Scholz Philipp , Falkenhagen Jana , Wachtendorf Volker , Brüll Robert , Simon Franz-Georg
Published: April 2024

Geosynthetics are widely used in various civil engineering applications, such as geotextiles in coastal protection, and display a sustainable alternative to natural mineral materials. However, the full benefits of using geosynthetics can only be gained with a long service lifetime of the products. With the use of added stabilizers to the polymers, service lifetimes can be achieved in the range of 100 years. Therefore, accelerated aging methods are needed for the assessment of the long-term performance of geotextiles. In the present study, the behavior of geosynthetic materials made of polypropylene was investigated under artificial aging conditions involving elevated temperatures ranging from 30 to 80 °C, increased oxygen pressures ranging from 10 to 50 bar in water-filled autoclaves, and UV irradiation under atmospheric conditions. ATR-IR spectroscopy was employed to detect the increase in the carbonyl index over various aging durations, indicating the oxidative degradation of the geotextile. The most pronounced increase was observed in the case of aging through UV irradiation, followed by thermal aging. Elevated pressure, on the other hand, had a lower impact on oxidation. High-temperature size exclusion chromatography was utilized to follow the reduction in molar mass under different degradation conditions, and the results were consistent with those obtained from ATR-IR spectroscopy. In polyolefins such as polypropylene, Hindered Amine Stabilizers (HAS) are used to suppress oxidation caused by UV radiation. The quantitative analysis of HAS was carried out using a UV/Vis method and HPLC. The degradation of UV stabilizers during the aging of geotextiles is responsible for the oxidation and the reduction in the molar mass of polypropylene. From the results, it can be concluded that applications of PP geotextile without soil or sand cover might cause the risk of the formation of microplastic particles. Material selection, design, and maintenance of the construction must follow best practices, including the system’s removal or replacement at end-of-life. Otherwise, a sustainable use of geotextiles in civil engineering is not possible.
Pursuit and Evasion Linear Differential Game Problems with Generalized Integral Constraints
Authors: Umar Bashir Mai , Rilwan Jewaidu , Aphane Maggie , Muangchoo Kanikar
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we study pursuit and evasion differential game problems of one pursuer/one evader and many pursuers/one evader, respectively, in the space Rn. In both problems, we obtain sufficient conditions that guarantee the completion of a pursuit and an evasion. We construct the players’ optimal strategies in both problems, and we estimate the possible distance that an evader can preserve from pursuers. Lastly, we illustrate our results via some numerical examples.
(Non-Symmetric) Yetter–Drinfel’d Module Category and Invariant Coinvariant Jacobians
Authors: Wang Zhongwei , Wang Yong
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we generalize the homomorphisms of modules over groups and Lie algebras as being morphisms in the category of (non-symmetric) Yetter–Drinfel’d modules. These module homomorphisms play a key role in the conjecture of Yau.
Advances in the Early Warning of Shellfish Toxification by Dinophysis acuminata
Authors: Duarte Silva Alexandra , Rodrigues Susana Margarida , Godinho Lia
Published: April 2024

In Western Europe, the incidence of DST is likely the highest globally, posing a significant threat with prolonged bans on shellfish harvesting, mainly caused by species of the dinoflagellate genus Dinophysis. Using a time series from 2014 to 2020, our study aimed (i) to determine the concentration of D. acuminata in water at which shellfish toxin levels could surpass the regulatory limit (160 µg OA equiv kg−1) and (ii) to assess the predictability of toxic events for timely mitigation actions, especially concerning potential harvesting bans. The analysis considered factors such as (i) overdispersion in the data, (ii) distinct periods of presence and absence, (iii) the persistence of cells, and (iv) the temporal lag between cells in the water and toxins in shellfish. Four generalized additive models were tested, with the Tweedie (TW-GAM) model showing superior performance (>85%) and lower complexity. The results suggest existing thresholds currently employed (200 and 500 cells L−1) are well-suited for the Portuguese coast, supported by empirical evidence (54–79% accuracy). The developed algorithm allows for thresholds to be tailored on a case-by-case basis, offering flexibility for regional variations.
Betti Functionals as Probes for Cosmic Topology
Authors: Aurich Ralf , Steiner Frank
Published: April 2024

The question of the global topology of the Universe (cosmic topology) is still open. In the ΛCDM concordance model, it is assumed that the space of the Universe possesses the trivial topology of R3, and thus that the Universe has an infinite volume. As an alternative, in this paper, we study one of the simplest non-trivial topologies given by a cubic 3-torus describing a universe with a finite volume. To probe cosmic topology, we analyze certain structure properties in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) using Betti functionals and the Euler characteristic evaluated on excursions sets, which possess a simple geometrical interpretation. Since the CMB temperature fluctuations δT are observed on the sphere S2 surrounding the observer, there are only three Betti functionals βk(ν), k=0,1,2. Here, ν=δT/σ0 denotes the temperature threshold normalized by the standard deviation σ0 of δT. The analytic approximations of the Gaussian expectations for the Betti functionals and an exact formula for the Euler characteristic are given. It is shown that the amplitudes of β0(ν) and β1(ν) decrease with an increasing volume V=L3 of the cubic 3-torus universe. Since the computation of the βk’s from observational sky maps is hindered due to the presence of masks, we suggest a method that yields lower and upper bounds for them and apply it to four Planck 2018 sky maps. It is found that the βk’s of the Planck maps lie between those of the torus universes with side-lengths L=2.0 and L=3.0 in units of the Hubble length and above the infinite ΛCDM case. These results give a further hint that the Universe has a non-trivial topology.
T-Cell Responses to COVID-19 Vaccines and Breakthrough Infection in People Living with HIV Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Datwani Sneha , Kalikawe Rebecca , Waterworth Rachel , Mwimanzi Francis M. , Liang Richard , Sang Yurou , Lapointe Hope R. , Cheung Peter K. , Omondi Fredrick Harrison , Duncan Maggie C. , Barad Evan , Speckmaier Sarah , Moran-Garcia Nadia , DeMarco Mari L. , Hedgcock Malcolm , Costiniuk Cecilia T. , Hull Mark , Harris Marianne , Romney Marc G. , Montaner Julio S. G. , Brumme Zabrina L. , Brockman Mark A.
Published: April 2024

People living with HIV (PLWH) can exhibit impaired immune responses to vaccines. Accumulating evidence indicates that PLWH, particularly those receiving antiretroviral therapy, mount strong antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccines, but fewer studies have examined cellular immune responses to the vaccinations. Here, we used an activation-induced marker (AIM) assay to quantify SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells generated by two and three doses of COVID-19 vaccines in 50 PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy, compared to 87 control participants without HIV. In a subset of PLWH, T-cell responses were also assessed after post-vaccine breakthrough infections and/or receipt of a fourth vaccine dose. All participants remained SARS-CoV-2 infection-naive until at least one month after their third vaccine dose. SARS-CoV-2 infection was determined by seroconversion to a Nucleocapsid (N) antigen, which occurred in 21 PLWH and 38 control participants after the third vaccine dose. Multivariable regression analyses were used to investigate the relationships between sociodemographic, health- and vaccine-related variables, vaccine-induced T-cell responses, and breakthrough infection risk. We observed that a third vaccine dose boosted spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell frequencies significantly above those measured after the second dose (all p < 0.0001). Median T-cell frequencies did not differ between PLWH and controls after the second dose (p > 0.1), but CD8+ T-cell responses were modestly lower in PLWH after the third dose (p = 0.02), an observation that remained significant after adjusting for sociodemographic, health- and vaccine-related variables (p = 0.045). In PLWH who experienced a breakthrough infection, median T-cell frequencies increased even higher than those observed after three vaccine doses (p < 0.03), and CD8+ T-cell responses in this group remained higher even after a fourth vaccine dose (p = 0.03). In multivariable analyses, the only factor associated with an increased breakthrough infection risk was younger age, which is consistent with the rapid increase in SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity that was seen among younger adults in Canada after the initial appearance of the Omicron variant. These results indicate that PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy mount strong T-cell responses to COVID-19 vaccines that can be enhanced by booster doses or breakthrough infection.
Design and Development of an Antigen Test for SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein to Validate the Viral Quality Assurance Panels
Authors: Ray Partha , Ledgerwood-Lee Melissa , Brickner Howard , Clark Alex E. , Garretson Aaron , Graham Rishi , Van Zant Westley , Carlin Aaron F. , Aronoff-Spencer Eliah S.
Published: April 2024

The continuing mutability of the SARS-CoV-2 virus can result in failures of diagnostic assays. To address this, we describe a generalizable bioinformatics-to-biology pipeline developed for the calibration and quality assurance of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 variant panels provided to Radical Acceleration of Diagnostics programs (RADx)-radical program awardees. A heuristic genetic analysis based on variant-defining mutations demonstrated the lowest genetic variance in the Nucleocapsid protein (Np)-C-terminal domain (CTD) across all SARS-CoV-2 variants. We then employed the Shannon entropy method on (Np) sequences collected from the major variants, verifying the CTD with lower entropy (less prone to mutations) than other Np regions. Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were raised against this target CTD antigen and used to develop an Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) test for SARS-CoV-2. Blinded Viral Quality Assurance (VQA) panels comprised of UV-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 variants (XBB.1.5, BF.7, BA.1, B.1.617.2, and WA1) and distractor respiratory viruses (CoV 229E, CoV OC43, RSV A2, RSV B, IAV H1N1, and IBV) were assembled by the RADx-rad Diagnostics core and tested using the ELISA described here. The assay tested positive for all variants with high sensitivity (limit of detection: 1.72–8.78 ng/mL) and negative for the distractor virus panel. Epitope mapping for the monoclonal antibodies identified a 20 amino acid antigenic peptide on the Np-CTD that an in-silico program also predicted for the highest antigenicity. This work provides a template for a bioinformatics pipeline to select genetic regions with a low propensity for mutation (low Shannon entropy) to develop robust ‘pan-variant’ antigen-based assays for viruses prone to high mutational rates.
Dynamics of Matricellular Protein Levels in Blood Predict Recovery in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Tuberculosis Coinfection
Authors: Shete Ashwini , Ghate Manisha , Iwasaki-Hozumi Hiroko , Patil Sandip , Shidhaye Pallavi , Bai Gaowa , Matsuba Takashi , Pharande Pratiksha , Mahajan Bharati , Randive Aarti , Mukherjee Anupam , Hattori Toshio
Published: April 2024

Chronic immune activation in tuberculosis (TB) associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (HIV/TB) modifies their clinical course. We prospectively measured osteopontin (OPN), full-length galectin-9 (FL-Gal9), and total-Gal9 (T-Gal9) levels in 32 patients with HIV/TB coinfection treated with anti-tuberculosis and antiretroviral therapies over 6–18 months to determine the amelioration of inflammatory conditions in response to the therapies. We observed a significant time-dependent decrease in FL-Gal9 in both pulmonary TB (PTB, n = 20) and extrapulmonary TB (EPTB, n = 12) patients. The levels of T-Gal9, OPN, and CRP decreased significantly after treatment in only PTB patients. We calculated the inflammatory score (INS) indicating immunologic recovery based on the decline in OPN, FL-Gal9, T-Gal9, and CRP levels. Baseline levels of T-Gal9 and OPN positively correlated with INS in all TB and only PTB patients, respectively, indicating that their levels predict better recovery. In contrast, FL-Gal9 levels at the second visit negatively correlated with INS in EPTB patients. The decrease rate in OPN levels at the second visit also correlated positively with INS in PTB patients. Women showed a higher INS and lower levels of FL-Gal9 than men. The patients with moderate grade severity on chest X-ray had higher CD4 cell numbers than those with limited grade severity. Monitoring these markers will help to predict and assess the response to therapy as well as to devise strategies to reduce the complications caused by chronic immune activation in patients with HIV/TB coinfection.
Exploring the Antiviral Potential of Esters of Cinnamic Acids with Quercetin
Authors: Manca Valeria , Chianese Annalisa , Palmas Vanessa , Etzi Federica , Zannella Carla , Moi Davide , Secci Francesco , Serreli Gabriele , Sarais Giorgia , Morone Maria Vittoria , Galdiero Massimiliano , Onnis Valentina , Manzin Aldo , Sanna Giuseppina
Published: April 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected more than 762 million people to date and has caused approximately 7 million deaths all around the world, involving more than 187 countries. Although currently available vaccines show high efficacy in preventing severe respiratory complications in infected patients, the high number of mutations in the S proteins of the current variants is responsible for the high level of immune evasion and transmissibility of the virus and the reduced effectiveness of acquired immunity. In this scenario, the development of safe and effective drugs of synthetic or natural origin to suppress viral replication and treat acute forms of COVID-19 remains a valid therapeutic challenge. Given the successful history of flavonoids-based drug discovery, we developed esters of substituted cinnamic acids with quercetin to evaluate their in vitro activity against a broad spectrum of Coronaviruses. Interestingly, two derivatives, the 3,4-methylenedioxy 6 and the ester of acid 7, have proved to be effective in reducing OC43-induced cytopathogenicity, showing interesting EC50s profiles. The ester of synaptic acid 7 in particular, which is not endowed with relevant cytotoxicity under any of the tested conditions, turned out to be active against OC43 and SARS-CoV-2, showing a promising EC50. Therefore, said compound was selected as the lead object of further analysis. When tested in a yield reduction, assay 7 produced a significant dose-dependent reduction in viral titer. However, the compound was not virucidal, as exposure to high concentrations of it did not affect viral infectivity, nor did it affect hCoV-OC43 penetration into pre-treated host cells. Additional studies on the action mechanism have suggested that our derivative may inhibit viral endocytosis by reducing viral attachment to host cells.
Evolving Altruistic Attitudes towards Vaccination Post COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Analysis across Age Groups
Authors: Barbieri Verena , Wiedermann Christian J. , Lombardo Stefano , Piccoliori Giuliano , Gärtner Timon , Engl Adolf
Published: April 2024

Altruism plays an essential role in promoting vaccine uptake, an issue that came to the fore during the COVID-19 pandemic through discussions of herd immunity and altruistic motivations. In response, the primary objective of this cross-sectional survey was to explore how altruistic attitudes have evolved in the post-pandemic era and to assess their effectiveness in motivating vaccination behavior in different age groups. The study aimed to elucidate changes in altruistic motivations for vaccination and their implications for public health strategies. Using a representative sample of the adult population of South Tyrol, Italy, including 1388 participants, altruism was assessed in 2023 with the scales of the Elderly Care Research Center (ECRC) and the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) subscale of the version 5F30F-R1. Its association with demographic variables, vaccination attitudes and personal beliefs in two age groups (18–69 years, 70+ years) was analyzed. The results reveal distinct predictors of altruism across these scales and age groups, suggesting a shift in altruistic attitudes towards vaccination when comparing data from a similar survey conducted in 2021 with the 2023 results. Consequently, the use of altruism scales for different age groups is warranted. This study highlights the need for further research in this field. It concludes that while promoting altruistic behavior to increase vaccine uptake appears to be effective primarily among the younger population, emphasizing personal safety is more appropriate for encouraging vaccination among older individuals.
Advax-SM™-Adjuvanted COBRA (H1/H3) Hemagglutinin Influenza Vaccines
Authors: Sanchez Pedro L. , Andre Greiciely , Antipov Anna , Petrovsky Nikolai , Ross Ted M.
Published: April 2024

Adjuvants enhance immune responses stimulated by vaccines. To date, many seasonal influenza vaccines are not formulated with an adjuvant. In the present study, the adjuvant Advax-SM™ was combined with next generation, broadly reactive influenza hemagglutinin (HA) vaccines that were designed using a computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen (COBRA) methodology. Advax-SM™ is a novel adjuvant comprising inulin polysaccharide and CpG55.2, a TLR9 agonist. COBRA HA vaccines were combined with Advax-SM™ or a comparator squalene emulsion (SE) adjuvant and administered to mice intramuscularly. Mice vaccinated with Advax-SM™ adjuvanted COBRA HA vaccines had increased serum levels of anti-influenza IgG and IgA, high hemagglutination inhibition activity against a panel of H1N1 and H3N2 influenza viruses, and increased anti-influenza antibody secreting cells isolated from spleens. COBRA HA plus Advax-SM™ immunized mice were protected against both morbidity and mortality following viral challenge and, at postmortem, had no detectable lung viral titers or lung inflammation. Overall, the Advax-SM™-adjuvanted COBRA HA formulation provided effective protection against drifted H1N1 and H3N2 influenza viruses.
A Proof-of-Concept Study to Develop a Peptide-Based Vaccine against Salmon Lice Infestation in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.)
Authors: Johny Amritha , Ilardi Pedro , Olsen Rolf Erik , Egelandsdal Bjørg , Slinde Erik
Published: April 2024

Proteins present in blood samples from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) infected with salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) were analyzed using liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry. Bioinformatic analyses revealed 1820 proteins, of which 58 were assigned to lice. Among these, peroxiredoxin-2, an antioxidant protein, was found relevant with respect to blood feeding of the parasite. The three-dimensional structure analysis of the protein revealed a surface amino acid sequence of interest. A 13-amino-acid peptide was selected as a potential antigen due to its predicted solubility, antigenicity, probable non-allergenic, and non-toxic nature. This peroxiredoxin-2-derived peptide was synthesized, combined with a commercially available adjuvant, and used for vaccination. The test vaccine demonstrated a 60–70% protection rate against early-stage Lepeophtheirus salmonis infection in a challenge trial in Norway. Additionally, the vaccine was tested against salmon lice (Caligus rogercresseyi) in Chile, where a remarkable 92% reduction in the number of adult lice was observed. Thus, in combination with the selected adjuvant, the peptide showed antigenic potential, making it a suitable candidate for future vaccine development. The approach described holds promise for the development of peptide vaccines against various ectoparasites feeding on blood or skin secretions of their hosts.
A Pilot Study to Improve Cognitive Performance and Pupil Responses in Mild Cognitive Impaired Patients Using Gaze-Controlled Gaming
Authors: Solé Puig Maria , Bustos Valenzuela Patricia , Romeo August , Supèr Hans
Published: April 2024

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may progress to severe forms of dementia, so therapy is needed to maintain cognitive abilities. The neural circuitry for oculomotor control is closely linked to that which controls cognitive behavior. In this study, we tested whether training the oculomotor system with gaze-controlled video games could improve cognitive behavior in MCI patients. Patients played a simple game for 2–3 weeks while a control group played the same game using a mouse. Cognitive improvement was assessed using the MoCA screening test and CANTAB. We also measured eye pupil and vergence responses in an oddball paradigm. The results showed an increased score on the MoCA test specifically for the visuospatial domain and on the Rapid Visual Information Processing test of the CANTAB battery. Pupil responses also increased to target stimuli. Patients in the control group did not show significant improvements. This pilot study provides evidence for the potential cognitive benefits of gaze-controlled gaming in MCI patients.
The Application of Sand Transport with Cohesive Admixtures Model for Predicting Flushing Flows in Channels
Authors: Kaczmarek Leszek M. , Zawisza Jerzy , Radosz Iwona , Pietrzak Magdalena , Biegowski Jarosław
Published: April 2024

The feature of self-cleansing in sewer pipes is a standard requirement in the design of drainage systems, as sediments deposited on the channel bottom cause changes in channel geometric properties and in hydrodynamic parameters, including the friction caused by the cohesive forces of sediment fractions. Here, it is shown that the content of cohesive fractions significantly inhibits the transport of non-cohesive sediments. This paper presents an advanced calculation procedure for estimating flushing flows in channels. This procedure is based on innovative predictive models developed for non-cohesive and granulometrically heterogeneous sediment transport with additional cohesive fraction content to estimate the magnitude of increased flow necessary to ensure self-cleansing of channels. The computations according to the proposed procedure were carried out for a wide range of hydrodynamic conditions, two grain diameters, six cohesive (clay) fraction additive contents and two critical stress values. The trend lines of calculations were composed with the results of experimental studies in hydraulic flumes.
Analysis of Self-Rescue Possibilities for Pedestrians in the Aftermath of Destabilization during a Flood Event
Authors: Guo Xin , Wang Wenhai , Fang Xing , Gong Yongwei , Li Junqi , Wang Mengying , Li Xiaojing
Published: April 2024

Human safety is paramount in flood disasters. Current research indicates that the majority of fatalities in such disasters are due to people moving in water. Existing studies on human stability in floods have primarily focused on the static resistance of a standing posture against water flow, neglecting the realistic scenario where people need to move and attempt self-rescue in the aftermath of destabilization. This paper introduces an analysis of the stability during the self-rescue process following a fall in floodwaters, providing insights into the baseline risks of human impact in floods. The self-rescue process is defined as the recovery to a standing position after a fall, segmented into four postures: sitting, kneeling, squatting, and standing. Additionally, considering the significant variability of the current method (D×v water depth multiplied by flow velocity) used to assess human stability in floods, this research thoroughly investigates previously undefined parameters, including submerged volume, frontal area, wet friction coefficient, and flow resistance coefficient. This leads to the development of a physically meaningful self-rescue risk assessment formula, which is validated against previous studies for accuracy, with the aim of contributing new insights to flood risk management and public education.
The analysis of changes in land management indicators over 30 years considering the food security of the country
Authors:   Land Management Department, State University of Land Use Planning, Moscow, Cherkashina E. V. , Bakanova Z. N. ,   Land Management Department, State University of Land Use Planning, Moscow, Petrova L. E. ,   Land Management Department, State University of Land Use Planning, Moscow
Published: April 2024

The overarching aim of ensuring the country's food security is providing of the country's population with wholesome, quality-assured and available agriproduct, raw materials and food in volumes that ensure rational food consumption criteria. One of the central objectives of ensuring food security, whether external and internal conditions change or not, is the sustainable development of agriproduct, raw materials and food, sufficient to provide food sovereignty predicated on the principle of research-backed planning. Using the example of some regions of the Russian Federation, a look-back study of agricultural land use and changes in land management activities over a 30-year period was carried out, and the measures for rational land use organization.
Features of Russian foreign policy in the Asia-Pacific region at the present stage
Authors:   RUDN University, Moscow, Naumenko A. S. , Naumenko A. S. ,   Voronezh State University, Voronezh
Published: April 2024

This article examines the features of Russian foreign policy in the Asia-Pacifi c region at the present stage of international relations. The authors consider the directions of Russia's multivector course, multilateral and regional structures and associations. The article, based on a systematic approach, examines the Asia-Pacifi c vector of Russian foreign policy at the present stage in order to obtain a holistic, comprehensive picture of the current situation. Using structural and functional analysis, the authors examine the features and characteristics of Russian foreign policy in the Asia-Pacifi c region, and also evaluate their eff ectiveness in changing conditions. The following features are analyzed in detail: multipolarity, the importance of strategic partners, energy cooperation, and security. In the analysis, special attention is paid to Russian-Chinese relations due to their growth and signifi cance, especially in the trade and economic sphere. In addition to the above methods of political science, the authors use the method of analyzing the current situation, as well as the analysis of global changes. The article highlights the reasons for the interest of the countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations in investments in the Russian Far East: geographical proximity, economic cooperation, investment potential, similarity of opinions regarding the formation of a multipolar world order, as well as a bilateral regulatory framework. Based on the analysis of statistical data, the authors analyze the development of the Far East, exploring the Eastern Economic Forum, comparing the annual dynamics of trade turnover of entities located in the Far Eastern Federal District, the volume of outgoing foreign direct investment by destination countries. As prospects for the further development of Russia in the Asia-Pacifi c region in modern conditions, the authors identify and consider three factors (foreign policy, economic and social) that directly infl uence Russian foreign policy in the region. The novelty of the article should also be indicated, namely, using the method of scenario forecasting, the authors identifi ed three scenarios for the conduct and development of Russian foreign policy in the Asia-Pacifi c region at the present stage, designed for 15–20 years: global/regional regulation (positive), integration dimension (negative), cooperation 2.0 (fantastic). The authors come to the conclusion that the most likely is a positive scenario, and the ongoing multi-vector Russian foreign, economic and investment policy allows the country to remain part of the Asia-Pacific region.
Costumbres musicales en redes sociales durante y tras el Gran Confinamiento
Authors: De Moya María del Valle , Segura Tornero Alfredo , Valero Silvia Mariana
Published: April 2024

La brusca irrupción de la pandemia por Covid-19 supuso una gran convulsión en todos los países. Los hábitos de consumo se vieron altamente afectados durante y tras el Estado de alarma declarado en España entre el 14 de marzo y el 21 de junio de 2020. El objetivo principal del presente trabajo consiste en analizar la incidencia del consumo musical a través del uso de las TIC y las redes sociales, durante el Gran Confinamiento por Covid-19, en la vida cotidiana de personas de diferente género y edad –desde la mayoría de edad hasta el final de la vida profesional y la etapa de jubilación. Asimismo, se establecieron otros objetivos secundarios tales como observar la variación del consumo musical producida en este periodo de reclusión, estudiar los beneficios y percepciones emocionales que produjo y transmitió la música, establecer la valoración que ésta recibió, y demostrar y poner en valor sus beneficios en la vida cotidiana de las personas.
La poética del arte sustantivo abstracto
Authors: Alvargonzález David
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es discutir las razones por las cuales una obra de arte sustantivo abstracto alcanza significado poético. El fin último es entender el significado poético de la música instrumental no vocal. En primer lugar, hago explícitos algunos de los presupuestos filosóficos acerca de las artes sustantivas y acerca del arte abstracto (apartados 1, 2). A continuación, reconozco el carácter clasificatorio no neutral de mi propuesta (apartado 3). Por último, analizo algunos ejemplos de obras de arte abstractas, en especial obras musicales (apartados 4 y 5). Termino concluyendo que las obras de arte sustantivo abstracto, para que alcancen significado poético, tienen que estar conectadas de un modo inteligible con la realidad exterior a ellas.
Propuesta de proyecto de intervención para disminuir el analfabetismo en niños de 6 a 12 años, hijos de jornaleros agrícolas en la comunidad Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, Guasave, Sinaloa
Authors: Mariscales María Fernanda Chávez , Rubio Luis Ernesto López , Valenzuela Luis García , Campos José Alberto Ortega
Published: April 2024

Las comunidades rurales de México enfrentan desafíos educativos, la creciente migración de grupos indígenas hacia lugares donde se les contrata como jornaleros agrícolas, origina nuevas necesidades por atender, lograr una alfabetización en la niñez que habitan esos centros laborales se dificultan aún más por la diferencia cultural en el alumnado, sin embargo las diferentes escuelas pedagógicas dan respuesta para proponer proyectos que darán resultados positivos, se propone una participación activa que tiene como meta mejorar las condiciones de vida de los hijos de los jornaleros que laboran en Ruiz Cortines. Se hace una revisión literaria de las diferentes teorías que estudian a los jornaleros agrícolas en México y se concretan con los ODS-ONU en su plan 2030, así mismo se utiliza un enfoque pedagógico que permite lograr cambios significativos en la niñez para su futuro, se sostiene dentro del proyecto las acciones a realizar, lo Aporte significativo o beneficio sustantivo del proyecto y el cómo realizarlos.
Design and validation of a piezoelectric diaphragm micropump for drug delivery
Authors: Zamora Mauricio Calderon , Betanzo Claudia Reyes
Published: April 2024

There is a common eye ailment called Dry Eye Disease (DED) that causes symptoms of discomfort, visual disturbance, and tear film instability, which cause damage to the ocular surface. For treatment of this illness, the application of artificial tear fluid is usually prescribed. This work presents the design process of a piezoelectric micropump to become part of an automatic pumping system for delivering artificial tear fluid to people suffering from DED. Low polarizing voltage, portability, and achieving a variable output flow rate in the range of 1 µl/min, which is the necessary range needed by a person suffering from DED, are the focus of this design. Standard microfabrication techniques widely used in the CMOS industry and for MEMS development will be used for manufacturing the proposed micropump. For this reason, the materials and manufacturing processes involved must be CMOS-compliant. For the piezoelectric actuator, zinc oxide (ZnO) was selected due to its compatibility with CMOS technology and because it is readily available in thin film form through a sputtering process. Other materials involved in the device are silicon and aluminum. The design was validated through finite element analysis software, COMSOL Multiphysics®. The maximum flow rate obtained by a single micropump device was 2.51µl/min operating at 20V peak with a frequency of 900Hz. Also, the flow rate is controllable through variations in frequency, thus making it suitable for the application previously described.
Perspectiva atual do transtorno alimentar restritivo/evitativo em crianças
Authors: Kozak Lamys Fernandes , Oliveira Lorena Luiza Fernandes , Silveira Lizete Conceição de Souza
Published: April 2024

O Transtorno Alimentar Restritivo/Evitativo (TARE) foi recentemente introduzido nos estudos psiquiátricos para substituir a nomenclatura de Transtorno Alimentar da Infância e da Primeira Infância. O objetivo deste artigo é sumarizar as informações atuais relacionadas ao Transtorno Alimentar Restritivo/Evitativo (TARE) na população pediátrica. Foi realizada pesquisa de artigos científicos nas bases de dados PubMed/MedLine, Bireme/BVS, SciELO, ResearchGate e incluídos artigos relacionados ao tema na população pediátrica nos últimos vinte anos, e excluídos os estudos que abordassem doenças crônicas, obesidade ou que se restringem a anorexia ou bulimia nervosa, também, aqueles que se referirem a antiga definição de transtornos alimentares da primeira infância. A partir da revisão dos estudos, foi observado que os Transtornos Alimentares (TA) são considerados uma desordem de origem mental complexa, que podem evoluir com complicações metabólicas importantes. O diagnóstico do TARE é relativamente novo, porém trata-se de um problema antigo e enfrentado por diversas famílias. O diagnóstico é dependente de informações provenientes dos cuidadores, avaliação minuciosa dos pacientes e acompanhamento rigoroso das famílias. As crianças acometidas apresentam mais frequentemente associação com outras comorbidades psiquiátricas como transtorno de ansiedade generalizada, transtornos depressivos, transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade, transtorno do espectro do autismo e podem manter o transtorno até a vida adulta. O manejo da doença é multidisciplinar e essencialmente clínico, é necessário agregar os cuidados de médicos, nutricionistas e psicólogos.
Relato de caso fatal por doença linfoproliferativa monomórfica disseminada pós transplante descoberto na necropsia
Authors: Santos Louise Cristhine de Carvalho , Figueredo Fernanda Carneiro de , Menezes Ana Loísa Silva de , Costa Débora Bernardes Peixoto , Arimatea Gustavo Guilherme Queiroz , Santos Diego Duarte
Published: April 2024

Trata-se de uma entidade nosológica, que compromete o paciente transplantado renal, sob uso de imunossupressores e infectado pelo EBV, este por último participa da patogênese através da proliferação de linfócitos tipo B clonal neoplásico, que envolve de forma disseminada, causando uma verdadeira embolia endovascular e infiltração intersticial de vários órgãos inclusive cérebro, culminando em déficit neurológico focal, criando uma vasta gama de diagnósticos diferenciais que responde à terapia inicialmente empregada.
Correlação entre Doença de Alzheimer e Periodontite: revisão de literatura
Authors: Oliveira Elianara Gomes de , Cruz Letícia Maria Barros Santos , Melo Maria Karoline Santos Silva , Espíndola Laís Christina Pontes , Monteiro Naianne Ramos , Sales Pedro Henrique da Hora
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Informar acerca da relação existente entre a Doença de Alzheimer (DA) e a Periodontite. Revisão Bibliográfica: A cavidade oral é considerada uma porta de entrada para o corpo humano, não apenas pela função que exerce no sistema digestório, mas nela, é possível identificar fatores que podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento, manutenção e agravamento de doenças sistêmicas. Pacientes com Periodontite apresentam menor rendimento em teste de aprendizagem comparados aos indivíduos sem alterações periodontais. Além disso, bactérias importantes para o desenvolvimento da Doença Periodontal, presentes no biofilme dentário subgengival podem também estar presentes no tecido cerebral de pacientes com DA, sugerindo vias de transporte das colônias de P. gingivalis para o cérebro humano. Além de níveis de outros patógenos orais, como Streptococcus oralis e Eikenella corrodens na boca serem diretamente proporcional a probabilidade de desenvolver demências. Gingipaína demonstrou ser um importante marcador da relação entre a DP e a DA. Considerações Finais: Embora a causa da DA seja desconhecida, a inflamação presente na periodontite pode ser um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento e progressão da DA.
Benefícios da amamentação para as mães
Authors: Gontijo Maria Luiza Ribeiro Guimarães
Published: April 2024

Amamentar é muito mais do que nutrir a criança. É um processo que envolve interação bastante profunda entre mãe e filho, com repercussões positivas no estado nutricional da criança, em sua habilidade de se defender de infecções, em sua fisiologia e no seu desenvolvimento cognitivo e emocional. Contudo, na atualidade vivida, a amamentação é um ato que está sendo substituído por fórmulas acidificadas, semi-desnatadas, adicionadas de ferro, sem lactose; o que não é considerado a melhor prática para a alimentação do recém nascido. A falta do aleitamento materno se deve em partes ao fato de mulheres não terem conhecimento sobre a amamentação após o parto e, também, devido ao medo decorrente da mudança corporal.
Tratamento de superfície em titânio por oxidação por plasma eletrolítico para aplicação em implantes dentários
Authors: Guerra Neto Custódio Leopoldino de Brito , Guerra Ângelo Roncalli de Oliveira , Queiroz Ana Luiza Ohara de , Cachina Maria Luiza de Medeiros , Nunes Nicolas Guedes , Contreras Rafael Cavalcanti
Published: April 2024

Com base nos princípios constitucionais de integralidade e equidade, tornou-se necessário viabilizar a incorporação dos procedimentos ortodônticos e implantes dentários para a população. Apesar da implementação para no máximo 6 implantes por paciente nos centros de especialidades odontológicas, o custo do tratamento superficial de implantes ainda é elevado e impacta no preço final para indústria.Com o objetivo de resolver esse problema, foi utilizado o método de tratamento de superfície de Oxidação por Plasma Eletrolítico (PEO). Esse processo é baseado na geração de um gás ionizado, através de um processo eletroquímico, para deposição de camada cerâmica em Titânio. Verificou-se no MEV que os revestimentos exibem uma característica porosa, apresentando uma interface bem aderida e sem presença de espaços vazios. Nas imagens do AFM observou-se que com o aumento do tempo de tratamento houve uma maior rugosidade e aumento da homogeneidade da distribuição dos cristais cerâmicos na superfície. Nos ensaios de molhabilidade apresentaram um ângulo de molhamento menor para as amostras com o tratamento por PEO.Como consequência dessa técnica ocorreu uma melhoria na qualidade química e morfológica da superfície, potencializando a osseointegração e reduzindo o custo do tratamento.Conclui-se que a técnica por Oxidação por Plasma Eletrolítico mostrou-se eficaz na deposição de um revestimento cerâmico, melhorando a qualidade da superfície, reduzindo o custo do tratamento superficial e diminuindo o valor final do implante.
A testosterona, em doses suprafisiológicas, e suas implicações cardíacas
Authors: Ramos Gabriel Lima , Cedro Neto Braz Lira , Lobão Italo da Silva , Cunha João Victor Lopes , Mota Williams Queiroz , Figueiredo Neto Djalma , Rocha Marcos Vinicius Veras da
Published: April 2024

A testosterona, principal hormônio sexual masculino, desempenha papéis cruciais tanto no desenvolvimento sexual quanto em processos anabólicos, incluindo a regulação da massa muscular e densidade óssea. No entanto, seu uso em doses suprafisiológicas, como em esteroides anabolizantes, tem sido associado a uma série de efeitos adversos no sistema cardiovascular. Esta revisão aborda a relação entre os níveis elevados de testosterona e seus efeitos no sistema cardiovascular, examinando estudos experimentais, observacionais e revisões sistemáticas publicados nos últimos 15 anos. Os estudos indicam que, em níveis fisiológicos, a testosterona pode ter efeitos protetores no sistema cardiovascular, induzindo relaxamento vascular e reduzindo a formação de placa aterosclerótica. No entanto, quando administrada em doses suprafisiológicas, os esteroides anabolizantes podem desencadear uma série de complicações cardiovasculares, incluindo hipertrofia cardíaca, disfunção endotelial e eventos cardíacos adversos. Esses efeitos podem persistir mesmo após a interrupção do uso, destacando a importância da conscientização sobre os riscos associados ao abuso de esteroides anabolizantes. Medidas preventivas e educacionais são essenciais para mitigar os danos à saúde cardiovascular e proteger a saúde pública contra os efeitos adversos do uso indevido de esteroides anabolizantes.
Avaliação e gerenciamento das áreas hospitalares de rede privada – revisão integrativa
Authors: Vieira Elisabely Teles Souza Santos , Nascimento Karolainy Maria Santos , Santos Ronaldo Correia dos , Silva Gilda Maria dos Santos , Oliveira Leonardo Yardley Lima , Santana Camila Barreto , Vieira Karla Virgínia da Nóbrega Novais , Melo Jhulia Katharine Vieira Almeida de , Lopes Silvia Naraiane Oliveira de Souza , Santos Marenize de Jesus , Alves Sabrina Santos , Sobral Jocenária Oliveira , Vieira Lívia Maria Damacena Pereira , Silva Maíra Baptista da
Published: April 2024

O movimento de consolidação do setor hospitalar no Brasil, ao criar um mercado de saúde desigual em termos financeiros, contraria a Constituição Federal de 1988. Este cenário vai contra os princípios de justiça social e equidade. São necessárias políticas públicas, regulações e controle social para evitar impactos negativos no direito à saúde da população brasileira. Discutir a importância de um atendimento holístico nas áreas hospitalares de rede privada, tendo a promoção à saúde e a buscar todos os meios possíveis e acessíveis para tornar este sistema o mais eficaz possível. Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, exploratório e descritivo, baseado em análise documental. Este terá como fonte resultados e opiniões de especialistas no assunto, sendo material de pesquisa embasado em materiais previamente analisados e publicados com a devida originalidade, nas bases de dados eletrônicas como Scielo, PUBMED e PepSic. A coleta de dados nas bases de dados para o presente trabalho obteve um resultado de 40 artigos. A busca foi realizada a partir da combinação dos seguintes descritores: “áreas hospitalares”; “rede privada”; “covid-19”; “sistema hospitalar”; “serviços de saúde”. Após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, 9 artigos compuseram a amostra final. A maioria dos hospitais no Brasil tem menos de 50 leitos, o que resulta em falta de escala e queda na qualidade da gestão e produção de saúde. Essa rede não oferece cuidados de saúde completos, tem pouca integração com os cuidados primários e enfrenta dificuldades para encaminhar pacientes para hospitais especializados.
Da etiologia ao tratamento: uma revisão bibliográfica da puberdade precoce
Authors: Mancini Olga Parente , Siqueira Gisele Canela de , Silva Luciana Canela de Siqueira
Published: April 2024

A puberdade precoce é marcada pelo desenvolvimento de caracteres sexuais secundários antes dos 8 anos em meninas e antes dos 9 anos em meninos, sendo mais prevalente em meninas. A puberdade precoce GnRH-dependente patológica (puberdade precoce central) cursa com progressão dos caracteres puberais, aumento significativo da velocidade de crescimento e avanço desproporcional da idade óssea, resultando na redução da estatura final prevista na vida adulta. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar os principais fatores causadores, métodos de diagnóstico e o  manejo da puberdade precoce, visando melhorar a compreensão clínica da patologia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo revisão bibliográfica, feita nas plataformas de busca avançada MEDLINE- PubMed (National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health) com os descritores selecionados por meio da plataforma DeCS:  “Puberty, Precocious”,  “Drug Therapy”, “Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone”, combinados pelo operador booleano AND. Como critérios de inclusão, foram considerados artigos em inglês, português ou espanhol, publicados de 2018 a 2023, com foco em ensaios clínicos randomizados e duplos cegos.  Com a metodologia de busca aplicada, foram encontrados 22 artigos. Após realizar a exclusão de duplicatas e a análise criteriosa, 11 trabalhos foram selecionados, dos quais 6 abordaram sobre a epidemiologia e diagnóstico, enquanto os outros 5 discutiram as opções de  tratamentos disponíveis para a puberdade precoce. A revisão da literatura revela que a puberdade precoce é um fenômeno multifatorial, com causas que podem variar desde anormalidades no eixo hipotálamo-hipofisário até influências genéticas e ambientais. A identificação precoce e precisa da etiologia subjacente é de suma importância para a elaboração de estratégias terapêuticas eficazes. Em casos de puberdade precoce central, a terapia com análogos do hormônio liberador de gonadotropina (GnRH) pode ser utilizada como uma abordagem eficaz para suprimir a atividade do eixo hipotálamo-hipofisário e retardar o desenvolvimento puberal, proporcionando tempo adicional para o crescimento linear e minimizando as consequências da puberdade precoce. No entanto, este tratamento possui muitos desafios, incluindo a necessidade de administração prolongada, efeitos colaterais potenciais e o impacto na qualidade de vida. Portanto, abordagens terapêuticas personalizadas, que levem em consideração as causas subjacentes e as necessidades individuais dos pacientes, representam uma área de pesquisa em evolução. Dessa forma, destaca-se a necessidade de pesquisas adicionais visando aperfeiçoar a compreensão clínica desta condição e desenvolver terapêuticas mais precisas.