bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nasal Disorders
Authors: Servos Li Mariah M. , Hamersley Erin R. S. , Baldassari Cristina
Published: April 2024

Nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, and epistaxis are common presenting concerns in primary care clinics. Nasal disorders affect the quality of life for many children and families. Rarely, these complaints may represent a life-threatening condition among infant obligate nasal breathers or cases of unusual pathology. The most common causes of rhinorrhea and nasal obstruction vary by age and include physiologic, infectious, allergic, foreign body, irritant, and traumatic causes. Less commonly, children may have congenital malformations, sinonasal masses, or autoimmune disease. The most common causes of epistaxis are inflammatory, environmental, and traumatic causes and medication misuse, but rarely, children may have predisposing anatomic, hematologic, or vascular abnormalities or even sinonasal tumors. In this article, we provide a thorough review of the common nasal disorders treated every day in primary care clinics and mention briefly some of the rare but serious cases that may be overlooked without considering a full differential diagnosis.
THE USEGE OF GAS-DYNAMIC PIPES IN FIRE TEST BENCHES OF LOW-THRUST LIQUID ROCKET ENGINES
Authors: Bakun V.A. , Marynoshenko O.P.
Published: April 2024

This scientific article examines the process of designing a gas dynamic tube used for testing liquid rocket engines on firing stands with simulated vacuum conditions. The gas dynamic tube is an integral component of the extensive testing stand system as it facilitates the creation of a rarefied environment during the operation of the rocket engine. This is achieved through the creation of self-ejection, which, in turn, ensures uninterrupted gas flow through the nozzle.

The article presents the results of testing the gas dynamic tube under real conditions, highlighting its effectiveness and reliability in operation. Additionally, a mathematical model for calculating the gas dynamic tube, implemented in the ANSYS software environment, is utilized, which corroborates the experimental data obtained. The process of designing and testing the gas dynamic tube reflects the importance of a meticulous scientific approach to the creation and optimization of components in large systems, such as testing stands for rocket engines. The research results pave the way for further advancement of technologies in this field and provide a foundation for further scientific exploration.
SYNTHESIS OF DESIGN SOLUTIONS FOR THE DESIGN OF SHOVEL MACHINES MANUFACTURED BY ADDITIVE METHODS
Authors: Bilotserkovskyi I.V. , Bondarenko O.E.
Published: April 2024

Rocket and space technology is developing rapidly, opening up new opportunities for space exploration and space infrastructure development. Due to constant technological progress and innovations in the field of rocketry, modern rockets have become more reliable, powerful and efficient than previous models. One of the key areas in the modern production of space technology is the use of additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing. This technology makes it possible to produce complex parts quickly, efficiently and with high precision using a variety of materials, including special metals and composite materials. The introduction of additive manufacturing solves several problems in the manufacture of parts for rocket and space technology. In the modern engineering design of vane machines used in turbine engines, compressors and other units, there is a growing interest in the use of advanced manufacturing technologies, including additive manufacturing. These manufacturing methods, in which components are created by layering material on top of digital 3D models, provide unique opportunities for creating complex geometries that were previously unattainable with traditional manufacturing methods. The purpose of the article is to investigate the synthesis of design solutions in the design of shovel machines, focusing on the use of additive manufacturing methods. First of all, it analyzes the advantages of these methods in the production of blade parts, such as reducing weight and material consumption, increasing the efficiency and strength of parts, as well as the possibility of creating individual and unique designs, taking into account the requirements of critical speed calculations. The geometry optimization is considered and the strength calculations of the structures before and after optimization are performed. The paper concludes with the prospects for the development of the use of additive technologies in the production of blade machines and indicates the possibilities for further research and improvement in this area.
ADAPTIVE IDENTIFICATION OF NON-STATIONARY AIRCRAFT, ASSESSMENT OF THEIR STABILITY
Authors: Ignatkin V. U. , Dudnikov V. S. , Shulzhyk Y. O. , Yushkevich O. P.
Published: April 2024

For the most part, various processes are multi-link inertial systems that have a certain non-stationarity to one degree or another. The presence of inertia leads to the fact that it is customary to consider processes as dynamic objects. Such dynamic non-stationary objects can be described by models, both in continuous time (for example, differential equations) and in discrete time (for example, difference equations). Ultimately, the choice of a discrete or continuous form of representation of a non-stationary object is determined by which mathematical apparatus is considered more appropriate by the researcher.

In some cases, it is possible to consider the process as a static object, which allows to significantly simplify the analysis of such a non-stationary object. However, replacing a dynamic object with a static model is not always possible and leads to an uncontrolled error at the output.

Non-stationarity is an important characteristic of the process as an object of management and is caused primarily by changes in process properties, under the influence of changes in environmental conditions, aging and wear of equipment, etc. Non-stationarity of the process significantly complicates the analysis and synthesis of control systems of this kind of objects, since the theory for control systems stationary in time is not applicable for non- stationary systems.

Depending on the set goal and management tasks, process models can have different forms of presentation.

The article examines various forms of presentation and research of non-stationary dynamic objects and their parameters from the standpoint of synthesis of the circuit of assessment and management of various processes, in particular the flight of an aircraft.

The results of the analysis of the accuracy of identification of non-stationary objects, the adaptation of systems when combining or distributing in time the stages of "learning" and "management" in conditions of stochastic uncertainty are presented. The conditions for obtaining reliable estimates of the current values of object parameters during their measurement, processing and transmission in communication channels in real time are determined.
Marisqueiras da cidade de Curuçá, Estado do Pará: uma abordagem socioeconômica, produtiva e ambiental
Authors: De Sousa Sousa Maryane , Damasceno Caldeira Rossela
Published: April 2024

Este trabalho realizou um diagnóstico sobre os aspectos socioeconômicos, produtivos e ambientais de mulheres da Associação das Marisqueiras na Área da Reserva Extrativista Marinha Mãe Grande Curuçá, Estado do Pará. Foram entrevistadas 20 extrativistas por meio de formulários semiestruturados, além de observação não participante e diário de campo. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados descritivamente. Os resultados indicaram que as entrevistadas pertenceram a diferentes faixas etárias, sendo a maioria solteira, com baixo grau de instrução e de poder aquisitivo. Elas são nativas de Curuçá e afiliaram-se à associação, sobretudo, por falta de oportunidade de emprego, mas, até o momento, não tiveram nenhum benefício. Moluscos e crustáceos são extraídos pelas mulheres, totalizando seis etnoespécies, podendo haver a participação familiar, e com destino principal para o autoconsumo e o excedente para a comercialização a preços variados, mas a poluição ambiental é um dos principais problemas percebidos e que afeta a produção e o trabalho. As conchas e exoesqueletos dos mariscos são descartados indevidamente no meio, mas podem ser coletados pelo serviço público de coleta de resíduos, usados em remédio caseiro ou vendidos como insumo para o artesanato. A maioria das marisqueiras tem ações para minimizar a superexploração e/ou o desaparecimento dos mariscos e já participou de cursos e/ou atividades sobre Educação Ambiental. Portanto, o perfil socioeconômico e extrativo dessas marisqueiras é similar aos outros encontrados em outros estudos, e que estão vulneráveis ao desaparecimento dos moluscos, que é uma de suas fontes de renda e alimento, por causa dos problemas ambientais vigentes.
“Los ngaites están escuchando”. El patrimonio sonoro del Museo Etnográfico Magütá de Mocagua: una experiencia desde el arrullo
Authors: Prieto-Mendoza Alejandro , Santos-Angarita Abel
Published: April 2024

En el presente artículo, narramos nuestra experiencia de archivo, digitalización y socialización del patrimonio sonoro del Museo Etnográfico Magütá de Mocagua (MEMC) durante los años 2022-2023. Así, presentamos la creación y gestión del MEMC por parte de Abel A. Santos Angarita, las secciones que lo componen, y su patrimonio material y sonoro; respecto a este último, detallamos los y las investigadores no indígenas y magütá que conformaron su acervo de 130 casetes. Por otro lado, proponemos que MEMC es un museo indígena amazónico del Trapecio Amazónico en el que se critica y supera la colonialidad todavía presente en los museos amazónicos de la región basándonos en cómo se entienden y practican conceptos como curaduría y objeto museográfico desde la ontología magütá que articula MEMC. Finalmente, a partir de nociones como nanatü ‘dueño’ y ngaite ‘ser maldadoso’ explicamos la ontología sonora que envuelve las voces de los abuelos y abuelas magütá que compartieron su palabra.
Unveiling Oral Anaerobic Bacteria Outer Membrane Vesicles: A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Authors: Castro-Vargas Priscilla , Barloy-Hubler Frédérique , Acuña-Amador Luis
Published: April 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EV) are spherical structures limited by membranes and shed by several cell types. Specifically, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanometric particles constitutively produced by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) under different environmental conditions. OMVs are biologically active; they are loaded with selected lipids, polysaccharides, proteins, and even different types of nucleic acids. OMVs from pathogenic oral bacteria play key roles in pathogen-host interactions, constituting a possible link between oral health and systemic disease. OMVs participate in adhesion, invasion, and damage to cells, as well as in modulating the host's immune response, biofilm formation, and promotion of virulence. The objective of this systematic review was to collect, analyze and synthesize the knowledge available on literature reviews on OMVs of the most studied pathogenic oral anaerobic GNB. This information was classified into the following categories: induction of vesiculation and biogenesis, its liberation from the parental cell, content, internalization by another host cell, and the interaction with the host cell. It was found that the most studied OMVs are those of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Bacteroides spp. and, to a lesser extent, Aggregatibacter spp., and Treponema spp. This systematic review provides a synthesis of the current knowledge regarding OMVs, with emphasis on the information available for periodontopathogens.
Depresión, ansiedad y estrés: Análisis de la labor docente en universidades de Quito
Authors: Jirón Jiménez Jonathan , Freire Muñoz Irina , Iriarte Pérez Luis
Published: April 2024

Los procesos de evaluación de las universidades ecuatorianas exigen que el profesorado cumpla durante su jornada laboral las tres funciones sustantivas: docencia, investigación – vinculación, gestión administrativa. Otras investigaciones evidencian, ante la carga laboral, la aparición de algunos riesgos psicosociales como: estrés, ansiedad y depresión. Por ello surge la pregunta: ¿Cuáles son los niveles de depresión, ansiedad y estrés presentes en los docentes universitarios de la ciudad de Quito? La metodología para este estudio es cuantitativa, de alcance descriptivo-correlacional, con un diseño de investigación no experimental de tipo transversal. Luego de aplicar la Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés (DASS-21) a 162 docentes de universidades públicas y privadas de Quito se obtuvieron como resultados relevantes que el personal académico presenta 85.2% depresión leve; 74.1% ansiedad leve y 85.2% estrés leve. Respecto a las funciones laborales que desempeñan con mayor frecuencia se encontró que el 51.9% trabajan en las tres funciones sustantivas: docencia, investigación – vinculación y gestión administrativa. Se concluye que existe una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre el tiempo destinado a pausas activas con el estrés y la ansiedad. Estos resultados visibilizan la importancia de las pausas activas del profesorado para minimizar los riesgos psicosociales, principalmente estrés y ansiedad.
Educational Media Perspectives of the Qur'an and Hadith: Its Development in the Digital Era
Authors: As-Tsauri Muhammad Sufyan , Hafid Hafid , Abduh Ilham Faisal
Published: April 2024

Education is a basic need for society to achieve progress. In the educational process, learning activities occur, which in this case, require media. The purpose of this study is to discuss the verses of the Qur'an and Hadith regarding Islamic Educational Media. The method in this study uses a literature review. The results of this study explain that in the early days of Islamic education, the Prophet used this educational medium in conveying Islamic teachings to his friends, using the media of the Prophet's behavior, parts of the body, pictures, heaven, and earth, sun and moon, and silk. Along with the times, this educational media was then developed through diagrams, graphs, globes, videos, tapes, power points, and others. From the results of these studies, teachers should continue to innovate educational media using themselves and the natural environment to respond to changing times in the digital era. There are four principles of using media: choosing the right type of media, taking into account the maturity level of students, presenting the media appropriately, and placing the media in the right time, place, and situation.Pendidikan merupakan kebutuhan pokok bagi masyarakat untuk mencapai kemajuan. Dalam proses pendidikan terjadi kegiatan pembelajaran yang dalam hal ini membutuhkan media. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk membahas ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an dan hadis berkenaan dengan Media Pendidikan Islam. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kajian studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa pada masa awal pendidikan Islam, Rasulullah telah mengaplikasikan media pendidikan ini dalam menyampaikan ajaran Islam kepada para sahabat, dengan menggunakan media perilaku Rasulullah sendiri, anggota badan, gambar, langit dan bumi, matahari dan bulan, dan sutra. Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, media pendidikan ini kemudian dikembangkan berupa diagram, grafik, globe, video, kaset, power point dan lain-lain. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut, maka guru hendaknya terus melakukan inovasi media pendidikan baik menggunakan dirinya sendiri maupun alam sekitar untuk menjawab perubahan zaman di era digital. Terdapat empat prinsip penggunaan media yaitu memilih jenis media dengan tepat, memperhitungkan tingkat kematangan siswa, menyajikan media dngan tepat, dan menempatkan media di waktu, tempat, dan situasi yang tepat.
The Libat Method to Improve Qur'anic Learning Ability
Authors: Komarudin Fery Ahmad , Karman Karman , Kurahman Opik Taupik , Alfarouq Mohammad Hendri
Published: April 2024

The background of this research begins with students' low learning ability, which has an impact on learning outcomes to be low. This study is related to Islamic Education subjects in the scope of reading and writing the Qur'an. Therefore, this study aims to improve students' ability to read and write the Qur'an through Libat method. The research method used in this research is the Classroom Action Research method. The results were quite satisfactory; about 83% of students had an increased ability to read and write the Qur'an from two cycles. So it can be said that the entangling method can improve students' ability to read and write the Qur'an.Latar belakang penelitian ini diawali oleh rendahnya kemampuan belajar siswa yang berdampak hasil belajar menjadi rendah, dalam penelitian ini berkaitan dengan mata pelajaran Islamic Education dalam lingkup materi membaca dan menulis Al-qur`an. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk upaya meningkatkan kemampuan membaca dan menulis Al-qur`an pada peserta didik melalui metode Libat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Classroom Action Research atau yang dikenal dengan penelitian tindakan kelas. Adapun hasil temuannya setelah diterapkan metode Libat, memiliki hasil yang cukup memuaskan sekitar 83% peserta didik memiliki peningkatan di dalam kemampuan membaca dan menulis Al-qur`an, hal itu dapat dilihat dari setiap dan antar siklus. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa metode Libat mampu meningkatkan kemampuan membaca dan menulis Al-qur`an pada peserta didik.
Direct Instruction Approach to Abulution Practice Learning
Authors: Rahmatullah Rizal , Natsir Tatang Muh , Robaeah Wilam Nafilah
Published: April 2024

With this mini research, it aims to determine the effectiveness of the learning processes through a direct instruction approach in learning materials for ablution practices at SDN 040 Pasawahan, Bandung City. The lesson plans made by the SDN 040 Pasawahan teacher have used a scientific approach including the process of observing, asking questions, gathering information, associating and communicating. The method used in this mini-research is to use a qualitative approach by exploring document studies with descriptive analysis methods that aim to provide a quick and accurate description of the effect of the direct instruction learning model in the practice of ablution at SDN 040 Pasawahan. Bandung. The results of a mini research study on the direct instruction approach in learning the practice of ablution at SDN 040 Pasawahan resulted in a learning process that was able to liven up the classroom atmosphere and was able to provide changes in the implementation of ablution procedures for students. Dengan adanya mini riset ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kefektifan proses pembelajaran melalui pendekatan direct instruction dalam materi pembelajaran praktik wudhu pada SDN 040 Pasawahan Kota Bandung. RPP yang dibuat oleh guru SDN 040 Pasawahan sudah menggunakan pendekatan saintifik diantaranya memuat proses Mengamati, Menanya, Mengumpulkan Informasi, Mengasosiasi Dan Mengkomunikasikan. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian mini riset ini adalah menggunakan jenis pendekatan kualitatif dengan mengeksplorasikan studi dokumen/teks (document studies) dengan metode analisis deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran secara cepat dan tepat tentang pengaruh model pembelajaran direct instruction dalam praktik wudhu di SDN 040 Pasawahan kota Bandung. Hasil penelitian mini riset tentang pendekatan direct instruction dalam pembelajaran praktik wudhu pada SDN 040 Pasawahan menghasilkan sebuah proses pembelajaran yang mampu menghidupkan suasana kelas dan mampu memberikan perubahan dalam pelaksanaan tatacara berwudhu terhadap peserta didik.
Effectiveness of Contextual Learning Models, Problem-Based Learning, and Learning Outcomes
Authors: As-Sa'idah Millah Maryam , Dedih Ujang , Maslani Maslani
Published: April 2024

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of contextual, problem-based learning and conventional learning models on student learning outcomes. The method used is quantitative with a comparative design. The object of this research is the learning outcomes of the seventh-grade students of MTs YPPS Sukamiskin. Class VII A consists of 32 students using a contextual model, class VII B has 34 students using a problem-based learning model, and class VII C has 32 students using a conventional one. Testing the data using the one-way ANOVA test which was analyzed by the SPSS version 20 application. The results of the normality test study, data using contextual learning models, problem-based learning and conventional normal distribution, and other evidence are indicated by the distribution of points on the Q-Q diagram on a diagonal line.  While the results of the homogeneity test, the variance data is not homogeneous, this is indicated by the sig value of more than 0.05, namely 0.013. The conclusion from the results of this study is that the use of contextual learning models is more effective than problem-based and contextual learning models. This is evidenced by the average result (mean) using the contextual model is 81.5625, while the average result of the problem based learning model is 61.1765 and the average result of the conventional model is 57.5000.Penelitian ini berujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas model pembelajaran contextual, problem based learning dan konvensional terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Metode yang digunakan kuantitatif dengan desain komparatif. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar siswa kelas VII MTs YPPS Sukamiskin. Kelas VII A berjumlah 32 menggunakan model contextual, kelas VII B berjumlah 34 siswa menggunakan model problem-based learning dan kelas VII C berjumlah 32 siswa menggunakan konvensional. Pengujian data menggunakan uji ANOVA satu jalur yang dianalisis oleh aplikasi SPSS versi 20. Hasil penelitian uji normalitas, data yang menggunakan model pembelajaran contextual, problem-based learning dan konvensional berdistibusi normal dan bukti lain ditujukan oleh sebaran titik-titik pada diagram Q-Q berada pada garis diagonal. Sedangkan pada hasil uji homogenitas, data variansi nya tidak homogen hal ini ditujukan oleh nilai sig lebih dari 0,05 yaitu 0,013. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah penggunaan model pembelajaran contextual lebih efektif dibanding dengan model problem-based learning dan contextual. Hal tersebut dibuktikan hasil rata-rata (mean) dengan penggunaan model contextual adalah 81,5625, sedangkan hasil rata-rata model problem-based learning adalah 61,1765 dan hasil rata-rata model konvensional adalah 57,5000.
Challenges of Using Information Technology in the Needs Analysis Design Process for Islamic Religious Education Learning
Authors: Diniati Siti Wildan
Published: April 2024

In the 5.0 era, information technology has become an essential element of human life, particularly in education. With the availability of increasingly sophisticated information technology, education is rapidly evolving. The purpose of this study is to look into the usage of information technology in the needs analysis design process for Islamic religious education learning. The method employed is a qualitative approach with a case study method. This study was conducted at SDN Cengal 2 with Islamic religious education teachers as the sample. Data collection methods include observations, interviews, and documentation studies. The use of technology at SDN Cengal 2 in the learning needs analysis design process has been implemented, but there are several obstacles due to a lack of knowledge and skills in using various information technologies, as well as limited facilities and age issues. In terms of implementing information technology, laptops will be used to assist in determining Islamic religious education learning demands. In conclusion, the use of information technology can help in the process of analyzing learning needs. Still, schools must continue to make efforts to support the skills of teachers to face current challenges and to support the design of learning needs.
The Urgency of Socio-Legislation in Providing Legal Responsibilities of Marital Cheating
Authors: Fatwa Ahmad Fajruddin
Published: April 2024

The desire to accommodate marital cheating as a despicable act and against the law has not been properly accommodated in the law enforcement process, even though this has long been developing and has many victims in society. Offenders are often only considered despicable acts specific to the parties involved with the victim, limited to the scope of the household. In fact, according to the results of the study conducted in the writing of this paper, various legal responsibilities of actors have been well accommodated in Indonesian social norms, and possible to arrest actors from the perspective of legislation. Therefore, the study of actors cannot be reduced to only those that limit themselves to written legal provisions by using the paradigm of the legality aspect of legal sources in determining crimes and acts against the law alone. This paper proves that marital cheating is not just a despicable act prohibited by social norms but also shows the various court judgments that have been made in resolving the marital cheating dispute.
Morality Issues in The Islamic Criminal Law and The Indonesian Criminal Code Draft under The Perspective of Maqasid Al-Shari’ah
Authors: Sanuri Sanuri
Published: April 2024

This is a bibliographical research to highlight the moral issues in the Islamic Criminal Law and the Indonesian Criminal Code Draft, such as pornography, acts of adultery, cohabiting, prevention of pregnancy and abortion, and rape on the perspective of maqasid al-shari’ah”. The intersection between the principles of the Islamic Criminal Law and those of the Criminal Code Draft in Indonesia can be seen from a transformative relationship occurs substantively and contextually through the five features in daruriyyat al-khamsah of the theory of maqasid al-shari’ah. In addition, the transformation of the two legal systems can also be measured through the three basic concepts that exist in the Islamic Criminal Law namely zawajir (repressive), jawabir (preventive), and ta’dib (educative) while still pays attention to the universal values such as justice (al-‘adalah), freedom (al-hurriyyah), equality (al-musawah), wisdom (al-hikmah), and human kindness (masalih al-‘ibad).
Settlement of Non-Performing Lending in Sharia Banking Through KPKNL Surabaya from The Perspective of Islamic Law
Authors: Sulistyowati Sulistyowati
Published: April 2024

In the face of non-performing lending caused by the absence of potential for recovery of the condition of Islamic Bank customers, the next strategy that can be carried out is through the disbursement of collateral to cover the customer's obligations. This strategy can be carried out with the help of related institutions such as institutions in charge of administering auctions, to resolve this problematic financing. Through KPKNL, customers voluntarily provide collateral and are assisted by the Bank to settle their obligations. However, if the opposite condition occurs, where there is no good faith from the customer, litigation can be taken to settle the customer's obligations. This litigation process takes place in court. In general, a warning letter will be given 3 times, if the customer does not pay attention, then it will be processed through the KPKNL. The auction procedure through the KPKNL will be discussed in this study, including the auction procedure for the object of this research. The analysis conducted by the research shows that the auction process through the KPKNL is as per the provisions and Islamic law regarding the sale and purchase of an object. However, the researchers found a discrepancy with Islamic law regarding the acquisition of auction objects derived from illegal seizure or looting. That is, no valid documents come with the object for auction. Therefore, it contravenes the principle of Islam in the Qur'an.
Measuring The Likelihood of Unregistered Marriage (The Perspective of Siyasah Jinayah)
Authors: Ubaidillah Hasan
Published: April 2024

Unregistered marriage is not something uncommon in Indonesia, contrary to the promulgation of Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage requiring the state to only recognize the validity of a registered marriage. Unregistered marriage often puts women as victims and this practice tends to contravene Islamic law. There have been cases where women always end up with an unclear status as wives, considering that wives are not entitled to both juridical rights and Islamic law rights to cancel a marriage, while a divorce is not often clearly declared against wives by husbands. Despite the impacts resulting from unregistered marriage, this practice remains obvious in society. The notion demanding the criminalization of unregistered marriages is rising, while this view is opposed by some since it is deemed to contravene religious provisions. Departing from this polemic, this research employed a normative method to find out the legal standing of the criminalization of unregistered marriage pursuant to Islamic law. The research discovers that unregistered marriage is likely to take place according to the criminal perspective of Islam, especially when it is linked to merit and drawbacks in the matter. Although the legal standing of unregistered marriage is acceptable, overlooking the procedures set by the government is deemed to be disobedience since this instruction from the government as ulil amri is considered ta’zir citizens have to obey. Thus, criminalizing unregistered marriage is not taken as a proscription in terms of marriage, but it is implemented to respond to the disobedience of the governmental procedures.
Law Enforcement Over Air Pollution to Bring about Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS)
Authors: Paramitha Vallencia Nandya , Sukardi Sukardi
Published: April 2024

Forest fires in Indonesia have led to devastating effects on the environment and caused air pollution, and this issue needs to be addressed immediately. The involvement of law enforcers should play an essential role in such a case since they serve as the guidelines to solve environmental issues according to Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Management and Protection. This research seeks to analyze law enforcement over air pollution resulting from forest fires and the necessity to enforce environmental law to allow for sustainable development goals (SDGs). With normative-juridical methods, this research discovered that issues such as forest fires departed from poor environmental law enforcement in Indonesia that fails to bring about significant changes for sustainable development. This weakness has lured the people in Indonesia to overlook the current law, coupled with poor supervision given by the government apparatuses, precluding the environmental law from being appropriately enforced. People's participation is required to enforce the environmental law to tackle air pollution caused by forest fires. The condition is expected to improve with the agenda of fixing existing issues, particularly the environmental problems for better sustainable development.
Political Culture of Madurese Community in Marriage Law: from the Perspective of Utilitarianism and Structuration Theories and Maqasidi Interpretation
Authors: Sumarkan Sumarkan , Choiroh Ifa Mutitul
Published: April 2024

This research delves into marriage law of Madurese community seen from the purview of its culture and nature. The practice of such marriage contravenes the formal restrictions of the legislation concerning marriage as ruled by the state. Several facts show that some marriage norms were spoiled, sparking the popularity of sirri (unregistered) marriage which further leads to istbat nikah and underage marriage that triggers an exemption. This research employed a qualitative method by garnering information from the judges of a religious court, kiai (a respected and religious Javanese expert in Islam), and the members of the public. The primary data were collected from data on unregistered marriage and exemption in marriage. The data were reductively analyzed, discovering that, first, the political culture of the marriage in Madurese community is captured in a particular pattern: 1) political administration is a measure taken to manipulate the administrative process; 2) political prevention is defined as a legal objective (maslahah, avoiding the likelihood of sharia violations with the basis of hifdz an-nasb) which is a milestone of a legal politics referred to by people, 3) political family and political culture were shaped by the people’s view believing that securing familial relationships from breaking is far more important than what the legislation regulates, 4) political authority represents the presence of a kiai that works like a shield and an escape thoroughfare from the law of the state for the sake of the tradition; second, 1) from the aspect of utilitarianism, there is a point at which political culture of Madurese community and justice meet, 2) the structuration theory views political culture in Madurese community as inevitability, involving religious roles, public, and legal materials, and 3) within maqasidi scope, a law enforcement is seen as preventive (dar’u al-mafasid) as congruent with the aspect of lawmaking objective.
Dynamic Problems of Polygamy Cases in Indonesia:
Authors: Naily Nabiela , Riza A. Kemal , Biroroh Ta’mirotul
Published: April 2024

Abstract: One issue that remains a stumble block for modernization of Islamic family law is polygamy. In Indonesia, polygamy is restricted, but not completely forbidden. Husbands who have desires for polygamy should fulfill requirements before the court of justice. However, there is a tendency among judges of Islamic courts nowadays to grant permission for them to practice polygamy although not all of those husbands meet the requirements as outlined by the Marriage Law. The judges argue that according to Article 5 the Law No. 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Authority they have the right and are obliged to deliver justice at all costs. Therefore, they grant permission for polygamy not only on the basis of the corresponding the Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage, but also on the authority of rechtsvinding, Islamic jurisprudence or fiqh as living law concept, and contra legem theory, a progressive implementation of legal value. Keywords: polygamy, juridical authority, contra legem
The Role of the Wanar Village Consultation Body in Carrying Out Their Tasks and Functions from Fiqh Siyasah Perspective
Authors: Junaidy Abdul Basith , Wijaya Arif , Syafaq Hammis , Kurniawan Cecep Soleh
Published: April 2024

This article discusses the role of the Village Consultative Body in carrying out its duties and functions in Wanar village, Pucuk District, Lamongan Regency, East Java from the perspective of fiqh siyasa. This research is field and qualitative research. Data were collected through observation, interviews and documentation, which was then analyzed deductively. The results of this study concluded that the function and role of the Village Consultative Body of Wanar Village, Pucuk District, Lamongan Regency, had been carried out well. 2 factors affect the performance of BPD Wanar, namely: supporting and blocking factors. The supporting factor is the support from the village community and the village government is a good partner with BPD. The inhibiting factors are the salary of BPD members is still minimal, facilities and infrastructure are inadequate, funding is lacking, the human resources of BPD members are less qualified, and there is rejection by some communities of decisions/policies made by the village head. From the perspective of fiqh siyasah, the role and function of BPD are equated with ahl al-hall wa al-' aqd and the Hisbah institution. In performing its functions, BPD's performance is by the rules of " tasharruf al-imam ala al- raiyyah manuth bi al- mashlahah " (The imam's actions toward his people must be linked to the benefit of the people).
The Practice of Patronage in Elections And Its Implications for Democratic Credibility in Indonesia
Authors: Handoko Priyo , Rohmah Elva Imeldatur , Farida Anis
Published: April 2024

Patronage in Indonesian elections often occurs, especially among political elites and legislative candidates. It may be due to the need for candidates to gain votes and support from the public, and the practice of patronage is considered effective in achieving this goal. The study aims to identify voter patronage practices and measure the impact of patronage practices on the credibility of democracy in Indonesia. This research is qualitative, and data is obtained through document analysis and related literature. Election patronage practices can take many forms, ranging from money or goods to voters, unrealistic political promises, to employing positions or powers to influence voter decisions. The study found that patronage practices can significantly impact the credibility of democracies, thus disrupting democratic processes and affecting the quality of elections in Indonesia. The approach can undermine democratic principles that are supposed to be based on free and fair participation and competitive competition based on political ideas and visions. When elections were influenced by material benefits rather than political views, the public felt that elections no longer represented their aspirations and interests, resulting in dubious legitimacy over the elected government. Therefore, efforts are needed to combat patronage practices in general elections in Indonesia. This can be done through implementing strict regulations related to campaign funding and political practices, education and political literacy for the public, strict law enforcement for patronage practices, and improving the general election system to make it more transparent and accountable
Debate Over Law Number 17 of 2023 Concerning Community Organizations: Maqasid Al-Shari’ah Review
Authors: Sanuri Sanuri
Published: April 2024

This study explores the debate over Law Number 17 of 2013 concerning Community Organizations (COs) in light of the Maqasid al-Shari'ah Framework (MSF). MSF is a theoretical construct used in Islamic law to identify the higher objectives and purposes of the legal system. Using a qualitative approach, this study examines the perspectives of key stakeholders, including government officials, legal experts, and civil society organizations, on the law's compatibility with the objectives of the Islamic legal system. The findings of this study are: first, for the contexts of Indonesia, Law Number 17 of 2013 should further protect to five essential aspects of human life, namely religion, soul, mind, lineage, and property; second, based on the feature of qat'i al-dalalah (certainty in Islamic law), what the Government did by restricting and providing conditions to COs is the form of the government's responsibility to protect the State from various efforts that could threaten the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia; third, the COs’ various visions and missions that are increasingly far from the values of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution reinforce the potential for disintegration of the nation is classified as daruriyyah (emergency) in nature that is in need of a strict policy from the Government; and fourth, dissolution of the COs, as stipulated in Law Number 17 of 2013, is as a reflection of implementing more prioritizing maqasid al-'ammah (universal goals) than maqasid al-khassah (specific goals).
Problematics and Structuring of the DPRD in Local Government Administration
Authors: Anwar Wildan Rofikil , Anggono Bayu Dwi , Efendi Aan
Published: April 2024

DPRD is said to be a regional legislative body because it has the authority to make local regulations, several local government laws that have been in force mention that DPRD has a legislative function, similar to the DPR. The filling of positions for DPRD members is also done together with the filling of positions for DPR members in legislative elections. This has created the impression that DPRDs and DPRs are both legislative institutions, even though they are different. To make the difference more significant, there must be a revision/reorganization of the Local Government Law. The purpose of this research is to understand and find out about the problems and structuring of DPRD in the implementation of local government. The type of research used is normative juridical, while the approaches used in this research are three, namely legislative approach, conceptual approach, and historical approach. The results of the research in this journal are that the DPRD as an organizing institution of local government should be regulated in the Local Government Law together with the regional head and not regulated in other laws such as the MD3 Law. The Local Government Law also needs to organize the functions of the DPRD where the first order of functions should be the functions of supervision, budgeting, and the formation of local regulations. This is because DPRDs more often or routinely carry out supervisory functions, rather than budgetary and local regulation formation functions. The filling of the positions of DPRD members is carried out simultaneously with the positions of regional heads, not through elections together with members of the DPR. The nomenclature of DPRDs should also be changed, i.e. Provincial DPRDs should be changed to Provincial Councils, while DPRDs at the Regency/City level should be changed to Regency/City Councils. Suggestions in this research are aimed at making a new law on legislative institutions that does not include provisions on DPRDs, considering that DPRDs are not legislative institutions, but regional government organizing institutions.
Measuring the Executorial Power of the Constitutional Court of the Republic Indonesia Decisions
Authors: Muwahid Muwahid , Bagus Moh.
Published: April 2024

This study aims to measure the binding strength of the Constitutional Court's decision in constitutional review cases and to analyze the juridical implications of normalizing norms declared unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court. This research is normative legal research with a statutory approach, a concept approach, and a case approach. The Legislative Approach is used to make an inventory of laws and regulations relating to the position and authority of the Constitutional Court. The conceptual approach analyses legal issues based on concepts related to the executive power of the Constitutional Court's decision. The case approach is used as an object in this research, namely the findings of the Constitutional Court, which are not followed up. The results show that the Constitutional Court's decisions are normatively final and binding, but in reality, several Constitutional Court decisions are not followed up by the legislators; this gives the impression that the Constitutional Court's findings do not have an executive nature. The juridical implication of the normalization of norms is declared unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court. Juridically the model does not have binding legal force, and the cancellation of the legal standard must be carried out.
Kedudukan dan Fungsi Qawaid Fiqhiyyah dalam Pengembangan Hukum Islam
Authors: Musyafa'ah NurLailatul
Published: April 2024

Kaidah fiqh merupakan hasil atau kesimpulan dari hukum-hukum fiqh yang terperinci (juzâ€™iy) dan terpisah-pisah sebagai hasil dari ijtihad para fuqaha, kemudian bagian yang terpisah-pisah ini diikat menjadi satu ikatan atau kaidah. kaidah-kaidah fiqh perlu dipelajari guna mengetahui prinsip-prinsip umum dalam melakukan istimbath hukum atas masalah-masalah baru yang tidak ditunjuk oleh nash syarâ€™i (Alqurâ€™an dan Sunnah) secara sharih (jelas) dan sangat memerlukan ketetapan hukum. Orang tidak mudah menetapkan hukum terhadap problem baru dengan baik apabila dia tidak mengetahui kaidah-kaidah fiqh. Kaidah-kaidah fiqh mempunyai kedudukan yang penting dalam menentukan hukum Islam. Karena kaidah-kaidah tersebut bertujuan untuk memelihara ruh Islam dalam membina hukum dan mewujudkan ide-ide yang tinggi, baik mengenai hak, keadilan, persamaan, maupun dalam memelihara maslahat, menolak mafsadat, serta memperhatikan keadaan dan suasana. Karena itu kaidah-kaidah fiqh tersebut harus bersifat qathâ€™i.
Perlindungan Hukum bagi Kreditur terhadap Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan yang Tidak Didaftarkan pada Kantor Pertanahan
Authors: Adjie Habib
Published: April 2024

Jurnal ini mengkaji mengenai perlindungan hukum bagi Kreditur terkait Adanya Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan yang tidak didaftarkan Serta menggunakan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dengan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan (Statute Approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (Conceptual Approach). Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa akibat hukum dari tidak didaftarkannya Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan (selanjutnya disebut APHT) terhadap perjanjian kredit perbankan yang dibuat para pihak dihadapan Notaris/Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (selanjutnya disebut PPAT) adalah kreditur tidak memiliki kedudukan yang diutamakan. Dimana bentuk perlindungan hukum yang dapat diberikan kepada Kreditur sebagai bentuk antisipasi tidak didaftarkannya APHT adalah dengan penandatanganan akta kuasa menjual pada saat akad kredit. Hak Kreditur terhadap benda jaminan dalam hal APHT tidak didaftarkan yaitu tidak memberikan hak saling mendahului dibandingkan dengan Kreditur lainnya.Tujuan dari pembebanan Hak Tanggungan adalah dalam rangka memberikan perlindungan dan kepastian hukum kepada semua pihak (khususnya Kreditur) dan juga untuk memenuhi asas publisitas. Pasal 1 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Hak Tanggungan mengatur ketentuan mengenai pemberian Hak Tanggungan dari Debitur kepada Kreditur sehubungan dengan hutang yang dijaminkan dengan Hak Tanggungan. Pemberian hak ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan kedudukan yang diutamakan kepada Kreditur yang bersangkutan (Kreditur preferent) dari pada Kreditur-Kreditur lain. Dengan demikian pemberian Hak Tanggungan adalah sebagai jaminan pelunasan hutang Debitur kepada Kreditur sehubungan dengan perjanjian pinjaman/kredit yang bersangkutan. Hak Tanggungan tidak akan lahir tanpa adanya pendaftaran APHT. Namun pada prakteknya masih dijumpai beberapa oknum PPAT yang terlambat mendaftarkan APHT ke Kantor Pertanahan dengan berbagai alasan, tentu saja hal ini akan merugikan pihak Kreditur sebagai pemberi kredit.
Kontekstualisasi Teologi Keadilan dalam Hukum Qisas dan Poligami
Authors: Gunawan Edi
Published: April 2024

Abstact

Justice principle in the Quran and Hadis contains some meanings, among them: equality (al-MusÄwÄh), truthfulness (al-á¹¢idq), and purity (al-IkhlÃ¢á¹£). Islam elevates justice values, it even became the character of Rasulullah and the muslims. However, these values of justice had been criticized at some applications of criminal judge, such as qisas, and polygamy in marriage which were considered not showing justice. The main point of this study was theological justice contextualization in the law of qisas and polygamy. The conclusion is that justice values in the implementation of qisas punishment and polygamy practice in marriage have beneficences for the goodness of human being. Prinsip keadilan dalam al-Qurâ€™an dan Hadis meliputi makna antara lain: kesetaraan (al-MusÃ¢wÃ¢h),  kejujuran (al-á¹¢idq), dan kemurnian (al-IkhlÃ¢á¹£). Islam adalah ajaran yang menjunjung tinggi nilai keadilan, bahkan sisi keadilan merupakan karakter Rasulullah saw. dan umat Islam. Namun nilai keadilan tersebut dikritisi pada beberapa penerapan hukum pidana Islam, seperti hukuman qiá¹£Äá¹£, dan pada praktek poligami dalam perkawinan, yang dianggap tidak mencerminkan nilai keadilan. Pokok permasalahan penelitian ini adalah kontekstualisasi teologi keadilan dalam hukum  qiá¹£Ã¢á¹£  dan poligami, dengan menggunakan pendekatan teologi normative. Kesimpulannya bahwa nilai-nilai keadilan terdapat pada penerapan hukuman qiá¹£Ã¢á¹£ dan praktik poligami dalam perkawinan, dan mengandung hikmah bagi kemaslahatan umat manusia.