bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunosuppression in Liver Transplantation: State of the Art and Future Perspectives
Authors: Nedredal Geir I. , Picon Rafael V. , Chedid Marcio F. , Foss Aksel
Published: June 2020

Background:

Novel drugs and combinations for immunosuppression (IS) after liver transplantation is
one main reason for improved graft and patient survival seen in the last decades. The backbone of IS is still steroids
and calcineurin inhibitors, although novel drugs are being introduced, such as the mammalian target of rapamycin
inhibitors (mTOR inhibitor). The challenge today, along with increased patient survival, is the adverse
effects of long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs, mainly nephrotoxicity and other serious adverse effects.

Concepts:

The ultimate outcome after liver transplantation would be achieving tolerance, a state where all IS can
be withdrawn. In the meantime, different approaches to reduce and withdraw IS have been tested out in different
clinical trials with the aim to reduce the adverse effects of steroids and calcineurin inhibitors. This has formed the
basis of today’s clinical practice. The different combinations of immunosuppressive drugs have included mTOR
inhibitor such as everolimus and different induction drugs such as anti-interleukin 2 receptor antibodies. Regarding
induction drugs, lymphocyte depleting (alemtuzumab and ATG) and non-depleting agents, such as basiliximab,
have shown advantageous effects.

Alongside steroid and calcineurin inhibitors reduction or elimination, current strategies for post-liver
transplantation immunosuppression explore combinations of novel agents. The gauge (or yardstick) here is the
fine balance between the adverse effects of IS drugs and the risk of rejection. Long-term maintenance IS regimens,
development of tolerance and antibody-mediated rejection are also discussed in this review.
Pametno starenje
Authors: Stojanović Zrinka , Štambuk Ana , Vejmelka Lucija
Published: June 2020

Cilj rada je pregled dosadašnjih teorijskih promišljanja i istraživanja provedenih o konceptu pametnog starenja. Objašnjava se model ESHTAM koji proučava spremnost na korištenje tehnologije u starijoj dobi te navode načini prihvaćanja koncepta pametnog starenja uz korištenje tehnologije, ali i bez nje. Razmatra se poboljšanje kvalitete života u starijoj dobi kroz kognitivnu stimulaciju, fizičku aktivnost i uravnoteženu prehranu te kako je moguće iskoristiti pomoć moderne tehnologije pri povećanju kognitivne funkcionalnosti, fizičkog napretka i socijalne uključenosti starijih osoba. Analizira se provedba pametnog stanovanja te utjecaj koncepta pametnog starenja na zdravstveni sustav. Rad obuhvaća i raspravu o etičkim dilemama povezanim s korištenjem tehnologije s osobama starije životne dobi.
Измерение температуры живых организмов при гипотермии
Authors: Большев К.Н. , Иванов В.А. , Андреев А.С.
Published: June 2020

Examples of research in the field of thermometry of living organisms carried out at the nstitute of Physical and Technical Problems of the North of the SB RAS in cooperation with the enter for the Study of Cold Injury at the Yakutsk Scientific Center are presented. The experience in measuring the temperature of extreme swimmers when swimming through the Bering Strait and the resulting data demonstrating extreme hypothermia in the swimmers' body during the swim are described. The results of experiments on the immersion of dogs in a state of deep hypothermia with continuous recording of body temperature and clinical parameters are presented.
Предпосевная обработка семян озимой пшеницы поверхностным разрядом
Authors: Лазукин А.В. , Гундарева С.В. , Моралев И.А. , Кривов С.А.
Published: June 2020

The experimental results of the surface barrier discharge plasma products effect on soft winter wheat seeds in electrode configurations consisted of the parallel strips at a distance of 5 and 10 mm from each other are shown. In each electrode system, the seed treatment was carried out for 10, 60, 120 and 180 s at the sinusoidal voltages of 1.8, 2.1, 2.4 or 2.7 kV with the frequency of 4.4 kHz applied to the electrodes. The seeds were placed in one layer on the grounded plane at the distance of 10 mm from the dielectric barrier surface. The treatment effect was estimated by the morphological characteristics of 3-day seedlings. To control the airflow in the gap, the particle imaging visualization method was used. It is shown that treatment modes are divided into two principal groups. The first group represents the modes when the airflow reaches the plane on which the seeds are located, the second group represents the modes when the airflow does not reach this plane. In the first case (the distance between the strips is 10 mm, the voltage is 2.4−2.7 kV at all exposures), it is possible to achieve modes that stimulate germination. Seed germinating ability did not change and maintained high values at all considered modes.
Основы физического моделирования идеальных " агроэкосистем
Authors: Панова Г.Г. , Удалова О.Р. , Канаш Е.В. , Галушко А.С. , Кочетов А.А. , Прияткин Н.С. , Архипов М.В. , Черноусов И.Н.
Published: June 2020

The scientific and technical fundamentals of “ideal agroecosystems” physical modeling are presented, which are characterized by a high degree of controllability of matter and energy flows between the environment and plants with concomitant biota, and where it becomes possible to realize the fullest extent genetically determined potential of a particular crop and to create ecologically harmonious optimized highly efficient complexes: microclimate - variety (hybrid) - technology to stable receive the high quality yields plant production .
It is shown that the creation of such agroecosystems is possible with the integrated solution of the following problems: 1) optimization of the conditions of light, air and root habitat in accordance with the needs of a particular culture; 2) the creation or selection of hybrids and varieties that give high yields of quality plant products in a controlled agroecosystem; 3) monitoring the plants physiological state and detecting stress in the early stages of its occurrence using non-invasive physical methods; 4) the use of high-quality seed according to the results of a non-damaging rapid assessment of internal defects by x-ray in combination with morphometric analysis; 5) development and application of highly effective environmentally friendly plant growth and metabolism regulators.
Воздействие слабого статического магнитного поля и олигопептидов на клеточную пролиферацию и когнитивные функции организмов различных видов
Authors: Заломаева Е.С. , Иванова П.Н. , Чалисова Н.И. , Сурма С.В. , Токмачева Е.В. , Савватеева-Попова Е.В. , Щеголев Б.Ф. , Никитина Е.А.
Published: June 2020

Stress effects are factors that provoke a wide range of socially significant diseases. We studied the effect of two such factors - weak static magnetic field (WSMF) with induction value of 200 mcT and a number of epigenetic regulators, oligopeptides. One of the main cellular processes - proliferation - is shown to occur when WSMF is acting in tissues of various genesis with different intensity. The greatest effect of WSMF exposure is observed in ectodermal genesis tissue - the cerebral cortex. The results of experiments with tissue-specific oligopeptides were comparable to those of WSMF. Analysis of the results of experiments to study cognitive behavior leads to the conclusion of beneficial effects on medium-term memory formation using oligopeptides Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro and Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala. Similarity in the outcome of WSMF and bioregulatory peptides impact in different species of animals on the proliferative cell activity in nervous tissue culture and cognitive behaviour suggests the existence of a common ancient mechanism for regulating the activity of organisms. It is noted that the efficiency of external WSMF influence on biological objects is caused by its high penetration ability.
Физико-технологические особенности процесса установки кристаллов на временный носитель в технологии внутреннего монтажа
Authors: Вертянов Д.В. , Коробова Н.Е. , Погудкин А.В. , Кравцова В.Д.
Published: June 2020

The physical and technological features of the die installation on a temporary carrier in the technology of internal mounting have been studied. A reasonable choice of material from various solutions of polyamide acids (PAA) was carried out for fixing silicon dies with the active side down on a temporary carrier. The experimental dependence of the adhesion strength of silicon dies on the lifetime of PAA solutions has been established. Possible defects appeared during imidization of PAA in the process of creating highly integrated micro-assemblies, multi-chip modules and electronic modules of the system-in-case level were shown.
Модули фотоэлектрических преобразователей лазерного (λ = 809-850 nm) излучения
Authors: Хвостиков В.П. , Калюжный Н.А. , Минтаиров С.А. , Потапович Н.С. , Хвостикова О.А. , Сорокина С.В. , Шварц М.З.
Published: June 2020

A high-efficiency photovoltaic module optimized for converting the monochromatic radiation with a wavelength of 809-850 nm is presented. The module comprises four photovoltaic converters with the total area of 16 cm2, which can provide the operating voltage of 4 V in the case of laser power greater than 1 W. The laser power converters are developed on the basis of AlGaAs/GaAs structures grown by LPE and MOVPE. When operating in the uniform illumination mode, the efficiency of the photovoltaic module is found to exceed 60% for the powerful laser radiation (6.2 W).
A Novel Auditory-Cognitive Training App for Delaying or Preventing the Onset of Dementia: Participatory Design With Stakeholders (Preprint)
Authors: Frost Emily , Porat Talya , Malhotra Paresh , Picinali Lorenzo
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Multiple gaming apps exist under the dementia umbrella for skills such as navigation; however, an app to specifically investigate the role of hearing loss in the process of cognitive decline is yet to be designed. There is a demonstrable gap in the utilization of games to further the knowledge of the potential relationship between hearing loss and dementia.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to identify the needs, facilitators, and barriers in designing a novel auditory-cognitive training gaming app.

METHODS

A participatory design approach was used to engage key stakeholders across audiology and cognitive disorder specialties. Two rounds, including paired semistructured interviews and focus groups, were completed and thematically analyzed.

RESULTS

A total of 18 stakeholders participated, and 6 themes were identified to inform the next stage of app development. These included congruence with hobbies, life getting in the way, motivational challenge, accessibility, addictive competition, and realism.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings can now be implemented in the development of the app. The app will be evaluated against outcome measures of speech listening in noise, cognitive and attentional tasks, quality of life, and usability.
Effectiveness of the Modified “Alpabasa”: A Game-Based Program in Teaching Reading among the Grades 3 and 4 Non-Readers
Authors: Masigan, PhD John Kit S.
Published: June 2020

The National Association of Educational Progress (NAEP) report shows that 39 percent of fourth graders fall below a basic reading level; by twelfth grade that figure is still 23 percent. Accordingly, early intervention initiatives should impact those figures in the future to eliminate the segment of students who have significant difficulty acquiring basic reading skills, generally estimated at 20 percent. In response, Filipino innovators founded “Alpabasa”, a game-based program in teaching reading that aims to effectively teach kinder and elementary school children how to read in 18 days. The study made use of the quasi-experimental method, specifically, the pre-post test design to investigate the effectiveness of the modified “Alpabasa”: A game-based program in teaching reading among 60 grade 3 and 4 non-readers of St. Paul University Philippines by incorporating costumes, music, movement, games, theatrical presentations and supplemental activities in learning. Findings show that the exposure of non-readers to the Modified Alpabasa Reading Program resulted in better performance of the students in reading. Through action songs and movement-based activities, pupils are geared to play with language as learning situations are made concrete and realistic; thus, making reading more meaningful, interesting and engaging.
Las encuestas en la elección presidencial de México, 2018
Authors: De la Peña Mena Ricardo
Published: June 2020

En este ensayo se pretende hacer un balance del rendimiento de las encuestas en ocasión de la elección presidencial de 2018. Para ello, en un primer apartado, se definen las fuentes de información pertinentes que dan cuenta del fenómeno. En un segundo apartado se repasan los conceptos teóricos sobre cómo debe medirse la exactitud de las encuestas electorales. En el tercero, se descubren los defectos de mediciones que no se apegan a los procedimientos ortodoxos del campo, con miras a profundizar, en el apartado siguiente, en el rendimiento logrado por las encuestas en ocasión de los comicios presidenciales de 2018. En un apartado posterior, se analizan algunas cuestiones que revelaron aspectos todavía problemáticos de explicar. Finalmente, se evalúa el rendimiento logrado este año en comparación con el que se observó en otras ocasiones.
Impacto de la redes sociales en la percepción ciudadana sobre la compra del voto en México
Authors: Gómez Vilchis Ricardo Román
Published: June 2020

¿Qué relevancia tuvieron las redes sociales en la elección presidencial de 2018? Específicamente, ante la estrategia de los partidos políticos de obtener apoyo electoral de la ciudadanía a cambio de la distribución de bienes privados, en beneficio de ciertos grupos, ¿cuál fue el papel de las redes sociales para alertar a los ciudadanos del intercambio de bienes monetarios y no monetarios a cambio del voto? Este trabajo es uno de los primeros que examina las determinantes de la percepción de la opinión pública sobre el clientelismo y la compra del voto, enfocándose en el consumo de medios. La investigación usa una encuesta realizada en México por Latinobarómetro en 2017, mediante el manejo de modelos de Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (MCO). El hallazgo principal es que las redes sociales y la percepción en torno a la corrupción alertan a la población sobre el clientelismo y la compra del voto por parte de los partidos políticos e incluso de los candidatos. En contraste, la evidencia sugiere que los medios tradicionales (la televisión, la radio) y la interacción cara a cara con amigos y familiares tienen poco efecto en la percepción de la opinión pública sobre la entrega de regalos y dinero.
Opciones por la democracia en los ciudadanos nuevoleoneses
Authors: Infante Bonfiglio José María
Published: June 2020

Los imaginarios de la democracia admiten variaciones en tipos y modelos. En este trabajo se presenta el análisis de las respuestas a un cuestionario, proporcionadas por una muestra de 1 097 ciudadanos nuevoleoneses sobre distintos aspectos del comportamiento electoral. Se incluyen, entre otras cosas, interpretaciones y evaluaciones de algunos modelos de democracia. Los datos fueron recogidos en una encuesta aleatoria por muestreo domiciliario, llevada a cabo durante las tres primeras semanas de junio de 2018 y patrocinada por la Comisión Estatal Electoral de Nuevo León. Los modelos corresponden a la democracia electoral o representativa, a la democracia participativa, a la democracia asamblearia y a la democracia delegativa. Lamentablemente, las conclusiones no son muy novedosas y ratifican las deficiencias en la construcción de conceptos atingentes entre los electores, en este caso, de la población de Nuevo León, México.
Elecciones 2.0 en México. Análisis de estrategias de comunicación en Facebook de los candidatos presidenciales de 2018
Authors: Rivera-Magos Sergio , Negrete-Huelga Karla
Published: June 2020

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo conocer si las estrategias de comunicación en Facebook en la campaña presidencial 2018 en México reflejaron la apropiación de la plataforma conforme a los principios de la web 2.0: interacción, multimedialidad y convergencia. Tal propósito resulta relevante si se piensa en el supuesto sobre el escaso aprovechamiento de las redes sociodigitales en campañas políticas en México. El diseño metodológico se basó en el análisis de los principios mencionados a través de dos observables: la arquitectura de las páginas oficiales de Facebook de los candidatos presidenciales y las publicaciones generadas en ellas. Esta investigación contribuye al campo de estudio de la comunicación política digital,  a través de categorías y metodología inexploradas en trabajos previos. El estudio concluyó que hay una escasa apropiación de la plataforma por parte de los candidatos, quienes reprodujeron esquemas de comunicación convencional y desaprovecharon el potencial de Facebook.
Esbirros gobiernistas: los perfiles de la corrupción policíaca en la ciudad de México durante los años veinte
Authors: Ponce Hernández Alejandro
Published: June 2020

Durante la década de los veinte las autoridades federales de México buscaron consolidar sus regímenes gubernamentales. Para ello se valieron de la Policía de la ciudad de México. Más allá de garantizar la seguridad de la capital, esta última se encargó de reprender manifestaciones políticas disidentes y/o subversivas. Aprovechando la situación de privilegio en la que esta tarea la colocaba, la Policía desarrolló un sistema de corrupción e impunidad sumamente violento. Tras múltiples escándalos desatados en la opinión pública las autoridades policiacas desarrollaron campañas que, amparadas en la presentación de chivos expiatorios, se limitaron al encubrimiento de altos mandos.
Rafael Aviña, ¡No queremos olimpiadas! ¡Queremos revolución! 1968: una crónica desde la infancia y todas las películas sobre el 2 de octubre
Authors: Flamenco Bacilio Mauricio
Published: June 2020

Reseña sobre Rafael Aviña, ¡No queremos olimpiadas! ¡Queremos revolución! 1968: una crónica desde la infancia y todas las películas sobre el 2 de octubre, México, Palabra de Clío, 2018.
Wear Behavior of Commercial Tire Rubber against Mild Steel in Dry, Wet and 3.5% NaCl Corrosive Environment
Authors: Kaiser Samiul , Kaiser Mohammad Salim , Ahmed Sheikh Reaz
Published: June 2020

The tribological performance of commercially used tire rubber was evaluated at ambient conditions under dry, wet and 3.5% NaCl corrosive environment. A pin-on-disc apparatus was used for the experiment. Applied load of 2.5N at sliding velocity of 0.246 ms-1 distance ranging from 75m-2650m were used for this study. The results showed that the nature of the wear rate was similar in all environments as initially increases afterwards decreases to more or less a constant value. Moreover, the wear rate in dry environment was significantly higher than that of wet and corrosive environment. Water tends to lubricate the contact, reduce the heat generation as well as for sealing effects thus the wear rate is reduced. Coefficient of friction in wet and corrosive environment showed the lower value due to sealing and lubricating effect between the particles. The damage behaviors of worn surfaces were analyzed by optical microscope and SEM. At dry sliding condition greater voids and holes are observed.
Optimization of Spot Welding for Peel load on SPCC Steel Sheets
Authors: Purwanto Raden Edy , Hartono Moh. , Widodo Yuniarto Agus
Published: June 2020

Spot welding is a process of connecting two metal components through one or more connection points by using heat from electrical resistance which is carried by two electrodes to the metal to be connected with a certain welding time. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of voltage and time of pressure used for spot welding on the shear strength and peel strength on the SPCC plate. The variables used in this study are independent variables of electric current variation of 2.30 V, 2.70 V, 3.20 V and time variation of 3 seconds, 4 seconds, and 5 seconds with 1mm plate thickness. The dependent variable in this study is the calculation of shear strength and peel strength in universal testing machine, and the controlled variable in this study is 1mm plate thickness characteristic of SPCC palate work piece. The research method was carried out using the ANOVA Factorial with the null hypothesis that there was no influence of the spot welding time and voltage on spot welding on the shear strength and strength of the SPCC material's peel. The results of the study are for the shear test seen from the calculation using MINITAB, the time variation of the pressure is no effect, while for the voltage and the combination of time suppression and voltage there is influence. For strength testing, the null hypothesis is rejected for all variations, which means that there is an influence on the strength of the peel test.
Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Algerian propolis against fish pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Soltani El-Khamsa , Mokhnache Kamel , Mezaache-Aichour Samia , Charef Noureddine , Haro Juan Pedro De , Zerroug Mohamed Mihoub , Esteban Maria Angeles
Published: June 2020

Five different varieties of propolis from four sites from Sétif region (East of Algeria) (Babor, Setif; Ain-Abbassa and El-Hamma), and one site from the center of Algeria (Tizi-Ouzou) were chemically analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. One hundred and two compounds were identified including aromatic acids, linear hydrocarbons and their acids, terpenes and alcaloïdes. Furthermore, the in vitro bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of the aqueous extracts were evaluated against one Gram positive (Bacillus subtilis, used as probiotics in aquaculture) and two Gram negative (Vibrio anguillarum and Vibrio harveyi, pathogenic for fish) bacteria. The obtained results showed that all aqueous extracts of propolis inhibit the growth of B. Subtilis while the growth inhibition of fish pathogens was achieved when using higher propolis concentrations. These antibacterial properties would warrant further studies on the clinical applications of propolis in aquaculture field.

Keywords: Bactericidal activity; Chemical characterization; Propolis; Vibrio.
Drug Utilization Evaluation of Lorazepam in Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome Patients: A Secondary Care Teaching Hospital Based Study
Authors: Varghese Divine , Ashok Purnima , Nayak Shristi , Jacob Atul Aby , Dev K. Vishnu , Thollur Vijeesh
Published: June 2020

Background: Drug utilization evaluation is an important parameter for the safe, effective and rational use of medications in medical care. Alcoholism results in abundant cases of alcohol withdrawal which can prove to be life-threatening if untreated, lorazepam is a drug of choice for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome and requires close monitoring as its over-dosing or under-dosing is common in case of withdrawal. Objective:  ensures the safe and rational use of Lorazepam in the management of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome. Materials and Method: This prospective, observational study was conducted among alcoholic patients admitted in the KC General Hospital, Karnataka, India. Baseline data for Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol revised scale (CIWA-Ar) was collected on the day of admission and the response to lorazepam treatment was recorded using the same with respect to the baseline data every 12th hourly after the initial administration until withdrawn. Results: Statistical analysis for 72 patients was done using ANOVA to calculate the overall progression of the syndrome with treatment. Among 72 patients 94.44% were male and 5.55% were female. The mean age of patients reported with AWS was found to be 44.90 years. A significant CIWA-Ar score reduction was observed with a p-value of <0.0001. Conclusion: Our study revealed a strong predominance of male patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome, where maximum patients started consuming alcohol before the age of 20 years. After the administration of lorazepam, a significant CIWA-Ar score reduction was observed.

Keywords: Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome, CIWA-Ar scale, Drug utilization evaluation, Lorazepam.
The state youth policy in contemporary Russia: concept and realities
Authors: Podyachev K. V. , Khaliy I. A.
Published: June 2020

The article considers the document Foundations of the State Youth Policy and its implementation in the Russian regions. This analysis allowed the authors to show that the document provides neither a political strategy nor effective management measures. The authors present the results of the analysis of the youth policy implemented by government agencies online - on the websites of regional administrations and in the social network VKontakte. The websites do not provide any current information, while the social network, on the contrary, is quite effective. The article describes the perception of the state youth policy by regions and local communities based on the empirical research conducted in 2018-2019 in 7 regions of the Russian Federation - the Tver, Kursk, Pskov, Astrakhan, Rostov, Moscow Regions and the Republic of Karelia. The main methods of data collection were in-depth interviews and focus groups (43 interviews and 26 focus groups). Respondents represented regional and municipal administrations, including departments of the youth policy, local enterprises - industrial, commercial, hotels, etc., health and education organizations, cultural institutions and youth groups. There were also focus groups with the youth: 3 groups with university students and 3 groups with students of special secondary institutions. The article shows inefficiency of the two poles approach - when the state aims at supporting the talented youth and the most vulnerable groups (orphans, children from dysfunctional families, etc.). Such an approach excludes from the policy and public discourse the middle youth that needs but lacks rather participation in the life of the country than financial support. Today only the forum campaign is implemented, in which the youth are happy to participate, but this campaign cannot strengthen the youths social role. Thus, there is still no system youth policy in Russia.
Comparative analysis of the Russian and Western education and scientific-training system
Authors: Ruban L. S.
Published: June 2020

The article compares the Russian and Western strategies of higher education and scientific training and their implementation in the state policy. The author considers the three-level structure of scientific training which includes in the West Bachelors, Masters and PhD programs, while in Russia in the previous period - specialty, PhD program - to defend the thesis and get the degree of Candidate of Science - and Postdoc program - to get the degree of Doctor of Science. After Russia signed the Bologna Declaration at the Berlin Conference of ministers of education in September 2003, these differences were eliminated and already in 2010 Russia implemented all basic principles of the Bologna process by having transformed its system of education and scientific training on the basis of the British-American model. The author considers both advantages and losses of this reform. Thus, Russia introduced the same education standards with the West and accepted the single certification system (Bachelor, Master, PhD), which is certainly a positive side of the reform. On the other hand, by removing the specialty level, Russia lost the basis for mass scientific training without the Masters level: today we have a negative situation in the system of higher education, when thousands of young people with Bachelors degree cannot find job or continue studying and scientific career without Masters degree, but they do not have money to pay for Masters program due to financial difficulties. As a result, the production and science systems do not get enough qualified specialists and young scientists for whose training the state has already spent a lot of money. The author concludes that it is necessary to use effective foreign experience but without ignoring the Russian education and science achievements and with taking into account national traditions and specifics of the national development.
Comprehensive assessment of environmental impact during the operation of a pilot plant for the processing of dead tail of the Khingan tin deposit
Authors: Mayorova Lyudmila P. , Abuzov Aleksandr V.
Published: June 2020

The article presents the results of a comprehensive environmental impact assessment in the extraction of tin from stale tails accumulated in tailings during the operation of the Khingan deposit. Tailings pose a threat to the environment and at the same time are a source of technogenic raw materials. Operation of a pilot plant of gravity-flotation type will have a negligible impact on the environment, and a low positive effect on the socio-economic sphere. At the same time, the environmental situation will significantly improve in connection with the liquidation of tailings.
The distribution distance of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the tundra zone under the impact of thermal power plant
Authors: Yakovleva Evgenia V. , Gabov Dmitriy N.
Published: June 2020

Being widely distributed in the tundra zone and highly sensible to temporal or spatial changes in composition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in ecosystems, Pleurozium schreberi Brid. can serve a pollution indicator of tundra biocenoses with polyarenes. The purpose of the present study is estimating the PAH distribution distance in the tundra zone under the impact of thermal power plant (TPP). The study was conducted in the Bolshezemelskaya tundra area of the Vorkuta region (Komi Republic, Russia). The surface accumulation and total content of PAHs in Pleurozium schreberi and organic horizon of tundra surfacegley soils (Stagnic Cambisols) at the background site and sites removed from the TPP at 0.5; 1; 1.5; 3; 5 and 12 km were studied. The PAH content in Pleurozium schreberi under the impact of TPP changes with distance not linearly. The maximum accumulation was noted at 3 km distance, then the content of PAHs decreased and reached a background level of 12 km from the source. The high molecular weight structures seemed to be transported at distance of no more than 3 km and fell down to the moss surface. The light structures could fly further. This fact responded for concentration of heavy and light structures on particles with different diameter. The moss surface at the background and polluted sites did not contain naphthalene. The total polyarene capacity on the moss surface is relatively the same for the background and polluted sites. At 3 km site, there was a sharp increase in the mass fraction of surface PAH by a factor of 3 due to an increase in the mass fraction of 4-5 - nuclear polyarenes. Being contaminated, the moss activates the bioaccumulation processes of PAHs and so transports polyarenes from its surface to inner organs. The exclusion is a site at a distance of 3 km where the proportion of surface accumulation increased with maximum pollution, i.e., PAH ingress into moss decreased. Determined that the dead part of Pleurozium schreberi or the whole plant is to be used for true identification of polyarenes. The changes in polyarene content in organic soil horizons are the same as in Pleurozium schreberi . By the obtained data, PAHs in tundra can move at large distances. The background-like PAH values are estimated for the site as 12 km from the pollution source for Pleurozium schreberi . The background-like PAH values for organic soil horizons are not estimated. The obtained results agree with the cluster analysis data.
The index of ornithological attractiveness of facilities for the processing and disposal of municipal solid waste
Authors: Sergeev Sergey A. , Kuznetsova Irina N. , Enaleev Ildar R.
Published: June 2020

In connection with the increase in the number of household facilities attractting birds and the widespread growth of synanthropic bird populations, the problem of ornithological safety is becoming more and more urgent. For effective scaring away of birds from territories where their presence is undesirable, it is necessary to understand what has brought these birds to this territory, its important to find out the reasons for the ornithological attractiveness of the economic object. This article describes a method by which its possible to calculate the ornithological attractiveness of any business object. These calculations allow to plan the place, time and mode of work of bird repellent specialists.
Human factor in the strategy of sustainable leadership of PJSC Gazprom
Authors: Baranova Nina M. , Larin Sergey N.
Published: June 2020

Gazproms human capital (as HDI) is one of the most important resources of the corporation, which ensures its competitive strength in the Russian and international energy market. One of the main goals of PJSC Gazprom is the formation of a highly professional, responsible and cohesive team that effectively develops projects and solves a variety of tasks not only at the corporate level, but the country and the world. Therefore, the assessment of PJSC Gazprom staff readiness for the competition of the corporation in the domestic and external markets is relevant. Modeling the level of development of the enterprises human capital, based on the example of Gazprom corporation, according to certain indicators, determining their role in the development and competitiveness of the organization. To conduct the study, the works of scientists were analyzed, official data of the annual reports on the activities of PJSC Gazprom in the field of sustainable development for 2000-2018 were used. In order to assess the readiness of the corporation's human capital to sustainable development of the enterprise, a regression analysis and an econometric study were carried out using the MS Excel and Eviews10 application software packages. As a result of the study, it was found that a positive corporate human capital has a significant impact on competitiveness and an increase in the companys value and the constructed model for assessing companys human capital, based on the example of PJSC Gazprom, enables to make a forecast for the near future. Russia has occupied 49 place in the World Ranking (HDI = 0.824) in 2019 in terms of the level of development of the human capital according to the World Bank and has got into a very high level of development. Despite this fact, Russian HDI in World Ranking occupies only 46% against 70% of developed countries. World Bank experts claims, it will take Russia about 100 years to catch up with developed countries on this indicator. Russia does not have that kind of time, so the country has actively joined on every front. Obviously, the human capital of each corporation makes a certain contribution to changing the human capital of the country in one direction or another, and the human capital of PJSC Gazprom is able to significantly increase this indicator.
Special aspects of investment cooperation between India and ASEAN countries in the modern period
Authors: Galistcheva Natalia V. , Ilicheva Yulia A.
Published: June 2020

India examines relations with ASEAN countries as one of the priority vectors of the modern foreign economic strategy South - South. The purpose of the article is to analyze one of the most important aspects of Indian economic relations with the countries of Southeast Asia - investment cooperation. The article covers a wide range of analytical methods: statistical analysis, forecasting, comparison, theoretical generalization, statistical data processing, and also abstract-logical analysis (for systematization and generalization of the main areas of investment interaction). The indicators of Indian foreign direct investment to ASEAN, including country-wise distribution, and the associations foreign direct investment to the republic are analyzed in detail. The authors consider in detail various aspects of intercountry investment interaction. The association is the main focus for Indian investments abroad and a significant investor to the republic, as demonstrated by stable bilateral economic relations. In general, investment cooperation seriously contributes to the development of relations between India and ASEAN.
Risks and benefits of small hydropower development: Chinese experience and Russian practice
Authors: Chernyaev Maksim V.
Published: June 2020

The inevitable depletion of traditional energy sources attracts a strong interest in the development of renewable energy technologies around the world. Territorial features and abundance of water resources in Russia have a great potential for small hydropower development, but statistics show that there is no high practical interest in this area. A comparative analysis of the features of the Russian and Chinese energy systems indicates the presence of certain problems in the small hydropower industry of Russia connected with the lack of a strategic understanding of the prospects for the development of the industry at the state level. This situation naturally leads to an increase in investment risks. The purpose of the present research is to determine the conditions that can make the construction of small hydropower plants attractive to investors and lead to the formation of the market of the appropriate technological equipment. Official statistics, planning documents, expert publications in the media and scientific magazines, as well as the author's comparisons of the Russian and Chinese small hydropower regulation measures have been used in the process of analyzing the Russian energy development.
Screening of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Phytochemicals Composition of Various Plant Parts of Cichorium Intybus
Authors: Maitry Choudhary  , Priyanka Rajput  , R.A. Sharma
Published: June 2020

The present study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential as well as the phytochemical composition of root, seed and leaves of Cichoriumintybus. The antioxidant activity was analyzed by detecting the 2, 2-Diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl  DPPH  radical  scavenging  potent  of  the constituents found  in  various  plant  parts  of Cichorium intybus,whereas for analyzing in-vitro antimicrobial  activity, agar well diffusion method has been opted. The antimicrobial  activity of plant was tested against both pathogenic as well as non-pathogenic species of bacteria by analyzing the corresponding inhibition zone exhibited by various  extracts  of  plant  parts  against  the  bacterial  growth.  Apart  from  this,  the  present  study  also  involves  the  quantitative phytochemical evaluation of total ascorbic acid in root, seed and leaves of Cichoriumintybus. The antioxidant potential of the plant was found to be comparatively lower in seed and leaves of plant than in root in accordance to the determined IC50 value . From the antimicrobial activity analysis, it was concluded that majority of times the non-polar extracts of all plant parts were found to be more effective  in inhibiting  growth  of bacteria.  Most significant  activity  has been  exhibited against  gram negative  bacteria  Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The ascorbic acid content in plant was found in the range of    2.253±0.867 to 12.594±2.05µg/ml. From the results of the conducted research, the importance  of plant as an antimicrobial and anti-oxidative  agent has been established. So, the plant can further be introduced as a potential drug for herbal medicine in the treatment of human disorders.
Governance structure and cost of debt
Authors: Derbali Abdelkader , Jamel Lamia , Chenguel Mohamed Bechir , Lamouchi Ali , Elnagar Ahmed K , Ltaifa Monia Ben
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this paper is to examine if creditors take account of the firm’s governance attributes to decide the cost of debt. Using a sample of 486 US firms over the period 1998-2017, we synthesized governance in six factorial axes. We have demonstrated that the quality audit (independence, frequency of meetings, auditor’s reputation, there is a charter) and financial expertise (percentage of financial experts and ownership of institutional investors) are informative tools creditors that provide information on the quality and reliability of financial reporting. They affect negatively and significantly the cost of debt. Moreover, creditors appreciate the presence of independent directors on the board and reduce the cost of debt required. Furthermore, the independence of the nomination and compensation committees prove irrelevant attributes of governance perspective because creditors do not reduce their risk of the agency. However, the attributes of the board (the size, the number of meetings, the existence of specialized committees, and meetings) are misunderstood by creditors that will increase the interest rate. In addition, the cost of debt increases with the concentration of managerial ownership and majority shareholders. Similarly, attributes reflecting the managerial entrenchment (duality of CEO tenure) are positively correlated to the cost of debt.
Instytucjonalne wykluczenie emerytalne w wąskim ujęciu jako rodzaj wykluczenia finansowego w Polsce
Authors: Stańczak-Strumiłło Kamila
Published: June 2020

Problematyka wykluczenia finansowego stanowi istotny obszar badań we współczesnej nauce finansów głownie ze względu na poważne skutki jakie zjawisko to implikuje zarówno w makro (dla gospodarki, sektora finansowego), jak i mikro skali (dla konsumentów usług finansowych). Obserwując zmiany w demografii (wydłużanie się życia, starzenie społeczeństw) oraz spadek prognozowanych stóp zastąpienia w bazowych systemach emerytalnych szczególnego znaczenia nabiera kategoria wykluczenia emerytalnego, polegająca na ograniczonym dostępie jednostek do produktów emerytalnych. Celem artykułu jest określenie istoty i miary wykluczenia emerytalnego oraz próba kwantyfikacji tego zjawiska w Polsce w latach 2006-2017. O oryginalności opracowania stanowi autorska definicja instytucjonalnego wykluczenia emerytalnego w szerokim i wąskim ujęciu, a także podjęta próba pomiaru instytucjonalnego wykluczenia emerytalnego w wąskim ujęciu obejmująca analizę zmian liczby uczestników dobrowolnych programów emerytalnych, wskaźników penetracji poszczególnych programów emerytalnych, oraz odsetka osób aktywnych ekonomicznie, nie korzystających z produktów emerytalnych.
SELECTED UNDERTAKINGS OF SHARING TRANSPORT SERVICES BY CONTEMPORARY CONSUMERS: RESEARCH RESULTS
Authors: Tarczydło Beata , Kondak Anna , Konior Adrian
Published: June 2020

The primary objective of the paper is to discuss examples of sharing transport services in the Polish market as manifestations of the application of the idea of the sharing economy by contemporary consumers. Based on the essence of the considered concept and/or economy model, a review of previous studies was made and subjects for the authors’ own research were selected. The case study and online survey methods were used. In particular, services offered under the Traficar, Uber, and Wavelo brands were analysed. The research that was conducted made it possible to identify the determinants, as well as the advantages and disadvantages, of this type of market practice. It also allowed to develop certain recommendations for marketers interested in the methodical application of sharing services and/or products.
DETERMINANTS OF THE CO-CREATION OF CONSUMER VALUE ON THE SPORTS EVENT MARKET
Authors: Waśkowski Zygmunt
Published: June 2020

Although the concept of the co-creation of consumer value has been subject to numerous research projects and scientific debates, it still arouses controversy. Its possible applications are still discussed and its various aspects require more in-depth analyses. This article is conceptual in nature and presents the determinants of the co-creation of value on the sports event market. It also addresses its opportunities and limitations. The conducted analysis allowed for a conclusion that the creation of value for sports events is cooperative in nature, with three main groups of entities involved.
Zadłużenie rolników w Polsce w aspekcie przemian strukturalnych i koniunktury w rolnictwie
Authors: Kata Ryszard
Published: June 2020

W artykule dokonano analizy dynamiki oraz struktury zobowiązań kredytowych rolników wobec banków w Polsce w latach 1996-2018. Zadłużenie kredytowe rolników przedstawiono na tle przemian strukturalnych i koniunktury w rolnictwie. Założono, że korzystna koniunktura w rolnictwie stymuluje wzrost zadłużenia rolników w bankach. Podobnie założono, że proces koncentracji struktury agrarnej oraz wzrost technicznego uzbrojenia pracy i technicznego uzbrojenia ziemi będą czynnikami sprzyjającymi wzrostowi zadłużenia kredytowego rolników. Badania nie dały jednoznacznej odpowiedzi na postawione tezy badawcze. Ujawniono dodatnią współzmienność pomiędzy zadłużeniem kredytowym rolników a koniunkturą w rolnictwie, a także procesem substytucji nakładów pracy i ziemi przez nakłady kapitału. Analiza regresji wykazała, że stymulantą zadłużenia kredytowego są nakłady inwestycyjne w rolnictwie, natomiast koncentracja struktury agrarnej oraz poprawa relacji ziemia/praca prowadzi do zmniejszenia przyrostów zadłużenia.
Wpływ wydatków budżetowych na zmniejszanie ubóstwa w Polsce
Authors: Maj-Waśniowska Katarzyna , Stabryła-Chudzio Katarzyna
Published: June 2020

Problem ubóstwa i wykluczenia społecznego stał się niezwykle ważny w następstwie kryzysu finansowego i gospodarczego z 2008 roku. Opracowanie koncentruje się na ocenie wdrażanych instytucjonalno-prawnych form pomocy w Polsce. Głównym celem opracowania jest identyfikacja rodzajów wydatków budżetowych związanych z analizowanym zagadnieniem i zbadanie zależności pomiędzy wydatkami z budżetu państwa na realizację zadań związanych z pomocą społeczną a zasięgiem ubóstwa w Polsce. W rezultacie przeprowadzonych badań z wykorzystaniem analizy statystycznej stwierdzono, że wzrost wydatków publicznych wpływa na poziom ubóstwa w Polsce zmniejszając jego zasięg. W ramach wniosków płynących z badań odnotowano, że liniowe zależności między wydatkami z budżetu państwa w działach dotyczących pomocy społecznej i rodziny a dwoma zmiennymi zależnymi będącymi wskaźnikami ubóstwa (skrajnego i relatywnego) są statystycznie istotne i są to zależności silne bądź umiarkowane.
Preservation technology investment for an inventory system with variable deterioration rate under expiration dates and price sensitive demand
Authors: Priyamvada P , Gautam Prerna , Khanna Aditi , Jaggi Chandra
Published: June 2020

The proposed study addresses a supplier-retailer inventory problem by considering the detrimental impacts of deterioration. The inventory produced by the supplier undergo a machine-shift and hence, produces non-conforming items. The retailer uses the preservation technology to deal with deteriorating items ingeniously where the demand is price-sensitive at the buyers end. Two models are developed through different means viz. Integrated and Bi-level approach and compared so to impart some constructive organizational insights. Sensitivity analysis was done over a numerical example to validate strength of the developed models.