bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Large-eddy simulation of traffic-related air pollution at a very high resolution in a mega-city: evaluation against mobile sensors and insights for influencing factors
Authors: Zhang Yanxu , Ye Xingpei , Wang Shibao , He Xiaojing , Dong Lingyao , Zhang Ning , Wang Haikun , Wang Zhongrui , Ma Yun , Wang Lei , Chi Xuguang , Ding Aijun , Yao Mingzhi , Li Yunpeng , Li Qilin , Zhang Ling , Xiao Yongle
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Urban air pollution has tremendous spatial variability at scales
ranging from kilometers to meters due to unevenly distributed emission
sources, complex flow patterns, and photochemical reactions. However,
high-resolution air quality information is not available through traditional
approaches such as ground-based measurements and regional air quality models
(with typical resolution > 1 km). Here we develop a 10 m
resolution air quality model for traffic-related CO pollution based on the
Parallelized Large-Eddy Simulation Model (PALM). The model performance is
evaluated with measurements obtained from sensors deployed on a taxi
platform, which collects data with a comparable spatial resolution to our
model. The very high resolution of the model reveals a detailed geographical
dispersion pattern of air pollution in and out of the road network. The
model results (0.92 ± 0.40 mg m−3) agree well with the
measurements (0.90 ± 0.58 mg m−3, n=114 502). The model has
similar spatial patterns to those of the measurements, and the r2 value
of a linear regression between model and measurement data is 0.50 ± 0.07 during non-rush hours with middle and low wind speeds. A non-linear
relationship is found between average modeled concentrations and wind speed
with higher concentrations under calm wind speeds. The modeled
concentrations are also 20 %–30 % higher in streets that align with the wind
direction within ∼ 20∘. We find that streets with
higher buildings downwind have lower modeled concentrations at the
pedestrian level, and similar effects are found for the variability in
building heights (including gaps between buildings). The modeled
concentrations also decay fast in the first ∼ 50 m from the
nearest highway and arterial road but change slower further away. This study
demonstrates the potential of large-eddy simulation in urban air quality
modeling, which is a vigorous part of the smart city system and could inform
urban planning and air quality management.
An uncertainty-based protocol for the setup and measurement of soot–black carbon emissions from gas flares using sky-LOSA
Authors: Conrad Bradley M. , Johnson Matthew R.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Gas flaring is an important source of atmospheric
soot–black carbon, especially in sensitive Arctic regions. However,
emissions have traditionally been challenging to measure and remain poorly
characterized, confounding international reporting requirements and adding
uncertainty to climate models. The sky-LOSA optical measurement technique
has emerged as a powerful means to quantify flare black carbon emissions in
the field, but broader adoption has been hampered by the complexity of its
deployment, where decisions during setup in the field can have profound,
non-linear impacts on achievable measurement uncertainties. To address this
challenge, this paper presents a prescriptive measurement protocol and
associated open-source software tool that simplify acquisition of sky-LOSA
data in the field. Leveraging a comprehensive Monte Carlo-based general
uncertainty analysis (GUA) to predict measurement uncertainties over the
entire breadth of possible measurement conditions, general heuristics are
identified to guide a sky-LOSA user toward optimal data collection. These
are further extended in the open-source software utility, SetupSkyLOSA, which interprets
the GUA results to provide detailed guidance for any specific combination of
location, date–time, and flare, plume, and ambient conditions. Finally, a
case study of a sky-LOSA measurement at an oil and gas facility in Mexico is
used to demonstrate the utility of the software tool, where potentially
small regions of optimal instrument setup are easily and quickly
identified. It is hoped that this work will help increase the accessibility
of the sky-LOSA technique and ultimately the availability of field
measurement data for flare black carbon emissions.
Two-dimensional and multi-channel feature detection algorithm for the CALIPSO lidar measurements
Authors: Vaillant de Guélis Thibault , Vaughan Mark A. , Winker David M. , Liu Zhaoyan
Published: February 2021

Abstract. In this paper, we describe a new two-dimensional and multi-channel feature detection algorithm (2D-McDA) and demonstrate its application to lidar backscatter measurements from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) mission. Unlike previous layer detection schemes, this context-sensitive feature finder algorithm is applied to a 2-D lidar “scene”, i.e., to the image formed by many successive lidar profiles. Features are identified when an extended and contiguous 2-D region of enhanced backscatter signal rises significantly above the expected “clear air” value. Using an iterated 2-D feature detection algorithm dramatically improves the fine details of feature shapes and can accurately identify previously undetected layers (e.g., subvisible cirrus) that are very thin vertically but horizontally persistent. Because the algorithm looks for contiguous 2-D patterns using successively lower detection thresholds, it reports strongly scattering features separately from weakly scattering features, thus potentially offering improved discrimination of juxtaposed cloud and aerosol layers.
Moreover, the 2-D detection algorithm uses the backscatter signals from all available channels: 532 nm parallel, 532 nm perpendicular and 1064 nm total. Since the backscatter from some aerosol or cloud particle types can be more pronounced in one channel than another, simultaneously assessing the signals from all channels greatly improves the layer detection.
For example, ice particles in subvisible cirrus strongly depolarize the lidar signal and, consequently, are easier to detect in the 532 nm perpendicular channel.
Use of the 1064 nm channel greatly improves the detection of dense smoke layers, because smoke extinction at 532 nm is much larger than at 1064 nm, and hence the range-dependent reduction in lidar signals due to attenuation occurs much faster at 532 nm than at 1064 nm.
Moreover, the photomultiplier tubes used at 532 nm are known to generate artifacts in an extended area below highly reflective liquid clouds, introducing false detections that artificially lower the apparent cloud base altitude, i.e., the cloud base when the cloud is transparent or the level of complete attenuation of the lidar signal when it is opaque.
By adding the information available in the 1064 nm channel, this new algorithm can better identify the true apparent cloud base altitudes of such clouds.
Four-dimensional mesospheric and lower thermospheric wind ﬁelds
using Gaussian process regression on multistatic specular meteor
radar observations
Authors: Volz Ryan , Chau Jorge L. , Erickson Philip J. , Vierinen Juha P. , Urco J. Miguel , Clahsen Matthias
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Mesoscale dynamics in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region have been difficult to study from either ground- or satellite-based observations. For understanding of atmospheric coupling processes, important spatial scales at these altitudes range between tens to hundreds of kilometers in the horizontal plane. To date, this scale size is challenging observationally, and so structures are usually parameterized in global circulation models. The advent of multistatic specular meteor radar networks allows exploration of MLT mesocale dynamics on these scales using an increased number of detections and a diversity of viewing angles inherent to multistatic networks. In this work, we introduce a four dimensional wind field inversion method that makes use of Gaussian process regression (GPR), a non-parametric and Bayesian approach. The method takes measured projected wind velocities and prior distributions of the wind velocity as a function of space and time, specified by the user or estimated from the data, and produces posterior distributions for the wind velocity. Computation of the predictive posterior distribution is performed on sampled points of interest and is not necessarily regularly sampled. The main benefits of the GPR method include this non-gridded sampling, the built-in statistical uncertainty estimates, and the ability to horizontally-resolve winds on relatively small scales. The performance of the GPR implementation has been evaluated on Monte Carlo simulations with known distributions using the same spatial and temporal sampling as one day of real meteor measurements. Based on the simulation results we find that the GPR implementation is robust, providing wind fields that are statistically unbiased and with statistical variances that depend on the geometry and are proportional to the prior velocity variances. A conservative and fast approach can be straightforwardly implemented by employing overestimated prior variances and distances, while a more robust but computationally intensive approach can be implemented by employing training and fitting of model parameters. The latter GPR approach has been applied to a 24-hour data set and shown to compare well to previously used homogeneous and gradient methods. Small scale features have reasonably low statistical uncertainties, implying geophysical wind field horizontal structures as low as 20–50 km. We suggest that this GPR approach forms a suitable method for MLT regional and weather studies.
Subpollen particles (SPP) of birch as carriers of ice nucleating macromolecules
Authors: Burkart Julia , Gratzl Jürgen , Seifried Teresa M. , Bieber Paul , Grothe Hinrich
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Within the last years pollen grains have gained increasing attention due to their cloud forming potential. Especially the discovery that ice nucleating macromolecules (INM) or subpollen particles (SPP) obtained from pollen grains are able to initiate freezing has stirred up interest in pollen. INM or SPP are much smaller and potentially more numerous than pollen grains and could significantly affect cloud formation in the atmosphere. However, INM and SPP are not clearly distinguished and explanations on how these materials could distribute in the atmosphere are missing. In this study we focus on birch pollen and investigate the relationship between pollen grains, INM and SPP. According to the usage of the term SPP in the medical fields we define SPP as the starch granules contained in pollen grains. We develop an extraction method to generate large quantities of SPP and show that INM are loosley attached to SPP. Further, we find that purified SPP are not ice nucleation active: after several times of washing SPP with ultrapure water the ice nucleation activity completely disappears. To our knowledge this is the first study to investigate the ice nucleation activity of isolated SPP. To study the chemical nature of the INM we use fluorescence spectroscopy. Fluorescence excitation-emission maps indicate a strong signal in the protein range (maximum around λex = 280 nm and λem = 330 nm) that correlates with the ice nucleation activity. In contrast, with purified SPP this signal is lost. We also quantify the protein concentration with the Bradford assay. The protein concentration ranges from 77.4 μg mL−1 (Highly concentrated INM) to below 2.5 μg mL−1 (purified SPP). The results indicate a linkage between ice nucleation activity and protein concentration. Even though purified SPP are not ice nucleation active they could act as carriers of INM and distribute those in the atmosphere.
Simulating the mid-Holocene, last interglacial and mid-Pliocene climate with EC-Earth3-LR
Authors: Zhang Qiong , Berntell Ellen , Axelsson Josefine , Chen Jie , Han Zixuan , de Nooijer Wesley , Lu Zhengyao , Li Qiang , Zhang Qiang , Wyser Klaus , Yang Shuting
Published: February 2021

Abstract. As global warming is proceeding due to rising greenhouse
gas concentrations, the Earth system moves towards climate states that
challenge adaptation. Past Earth system states are offering possible
modelling systems for the global warming of the coming decades. These
include the climate of the mid-Pliocene (∼ 3 Ma), the last
interglacial (∼ 129–116 ka) and the mid-Holocene
(∼ 6 ka). The simulations for these past warm periods are the
key experiments in the Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project (PMIP)
phase 4, contributing to phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6).
Paleoclimate modelling has long been regarded as a robust out-of-sample
test bed of the climate models used to project future climate changes. Here,
we document the model setup for PMIP4 experiments with EC-Earth3-LR and
present the large-scale features from the simulations for the mid-Holocene,
the last interglacial and the mid-Pliocene. Using the pre-industrial
climate as a reference state, we show global temperature changes,
large-scale Hadley circulation and Walker circulation, polar warming, global
monsoons and the climate variability modes – El Niño–Southern Oscillation
(ENSO), the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO).
EC-Earth3-LR simulates reasonable climate responses during past warm
periods, as shown in the other PMIP4-CMIP6 model ensemble. The systematic
comparison of these climate changes in past three warm periods in an
individual model demonstrates the model's ability to capture the climate
response under different climate forcings, providing potential implications
for confidence in future projections with the EC-Earth model.
Design and control of the belt-polishing tool system for the blisk finishing process
Authors: Fan Cheng , Xue Caoyang , Zhang Lei , Wang Kejun , Wang Qian , Gao Yapeng , Lu Lei
Published: February 2021

Abstract. According to the structural characteristics of the blisk, a new adaptive belt tool system for blisk finishing is developed. The
pneumatic servo system, which is composed of the cylinder, the servo valve, and the force sensor, is used to control the polishing force. Due to the
strong nonlinearity of the pneumatic system, a two-dimensional fuzzy proportion, integral, derivative (PID) controller is developed for the pneumatic force control. The proposed
controller adjusts the proportional, integral, and differential parameters
of the traditional PID controller in real time through the error and error
rate so as to optimize the control performance of the pneumatic system. Compared with the PID control, the steady-state error of the fuzzy PID
control is reduced by 0.03 s and the overshoot is reduced by 4 %, which
reveals the superiority of the fuzzy PID control algorithm for the
nonlinear system. Finally, the experiments of polishing the blisk sample and the real blisk are carried out by the proposed belt tool system. The
results show that the polishing process is very stable and the roughness
after polishing is less than 0.4 µm, which proves the effectiveness of
the proposed new belt tool system and the fuzzy PID controller.
Aluminous clay and pedogenic Fe oxides modulate aggregation and
related carbon contents in soils of the humid tropics
Authors: Kirsten Maximilian , Mikutta Robert , Kimaro Didas N. , Feger Karl-Heinz , Kalbitz Karsten
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Aggregation affects a wide range of physical and biogeochemical soil properties with positive feedbacks on soil carbon storage. For weathered tropical soils, aluminous clays (kaolinite and gibbsite) and pedogenic Fe (oxyhydr)oxides (goethite and hematite; termed Fe oxides) have been suggested as important building units for aggregates. However, as both secondary aluminosilicates and Fe oxides are part of the clay-sized fraction it is hard to separate, how certain mineral phases modulate aggregation, and what consequences this has for organic carbon (OC) persistence after land-use change. We selected topsoils with unique mineralogical compositions in the East Usambara Mountains of Tanzania under forest and cropland. Soils are varying in contents of aluminous clay and Fe oxides. Across the mineralogical combinations, we determined the aggregate size distribution, aggregate stability, OC contents of aggregate size fractions as well as changes in aggregation and OC contents under forest and cropland land use. We found the soil aggregation patterns (high level of macroaggregation and aggregate stability) more similar than different among mineralogical combinations. Yet, an aluminous clay content > 250 g kg−1 in combination with pedogenic Fe contents  4 mm. In contrast, a pedogenic Fe content > 60 g kg−1 in combination with aluminous clay content of
On the statistical properties of sea-ice lead fraction and heat fluxes in the Arctic
Authors: Ólason Einar , Rampal Pierre , Dansereau Véronique
Published: February 2021

Abstract. We explore several statistical properties of the observed and simulated Arctic sea-ice lead fraction, as well as the statistics of simulated Arctic ocean–atmosphere heat fluxes.
First we show that the observed lead fraction in the Central Arctic has a monofractal spatial scaling, which we relate to the multifractal spatial scaling present in sea-ice deformation rates.
We then show that the relevant statistics of the observed lead fraction in the Central Arctic are well represented by our model, neXtSIM.
Given that the heat flux through leads may be up to 2 orders of magnitude larger than that through unbroken ice, we then explore the statistical properties (probability distribution function – PDF – and spatial scaling) of the heat fluxes simulated by neXtSIM.
We demonstrate that the modelled heat fluxes present a multifractal scaling in the Central Arctic, where heat fluxes through leads dominate the high-flux tail of the PDF. This multifractal character relates to the multi- and monofractal character of deformation rates and the lead fraction. In the wider Arctic, the high-flux tail of the PDF is dominated by an exponential decay, which we attribute to the presence of coastal polynyas.
Finally, we show that the scaling of the simulated lead fraction and heat fluxes depends weakly on the model resolution and discuss the role sub-grid-scale parameterisations of the ice heterogeneity may have in improving this result.
The interaction of tropical and extratropical air masses controlling
East Asian summer monsoon progression
Authors: Volonté Ambrogio , Turner Andrew G. , Schiemann Reinhard , Vidale Pier Luigi , Klingaman Nicholas P.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. The East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is a complex phenomenon, influenced by both tropical and mid-latitude dynamics and by the presence of the Tibetan Plateau. The EASM front neatly separates tropical and extratropical air masses as the monsoon marches northwards. Although the different factors behind EASM progression are illustrated in a number of studies, their interactions, in particular between tropical and extratropical air masses, still need to be clarified. In this study we apply Eulerian and Lagrangian methods to the ERA5 reanalysis dataset to provide a comprehensive study of the seasonal evolution and variability of the EASM, and we highlight the dynamics of the air masses converging at its front. A frontal detection algorithm is used to perform a front-centred analysis of EASM evolution. The analysis highlights the primary role of the sub-tropical westerly jet (STWJ) in controlling the strength and the poleward progression of the EASM front, in particular during Mei Yu, one of the stages of EASM progression. The upper-level mid-latitude forcing acts in conjunction with the southerly advection of low-level moist tropical air, modulated by the seasonal cycle of the South Asian monsoon and by the location of the Western North Pacific subtropical high. The Mei Yu stage is distinguished by an especially clear interaction between tropical and mid-latitude air masses converging at the EASM front. The analysis of composites based on the latitude of the EASM front during Mei Yu reveals the influence of the STWJ on the strength of the mid-latitude flow impacting on the northern side of the EASM front. In turn, this affects the extent of the warm moist advection on its southern side and the distribution and intensity of resultant rainfall over China. This study shows the validity of an analysis of EASM evolution focused on its front and on the related low-level airstreams, at least in the Mei Yu stage. The framework highlighted shows how the upper-level flow drives the low-level airstreams that converge at the EASM front, thus controlling the shape of EASM progression. This framework provides a basis for studies of climate variability and extreme events and for model evaluation.
La Gente/The People
Authors: Caballero Jonathan Christensen
Published: February 2021

La Gente/The People
Caravans of Gold, Fragments in Time: Art, Culture, and Exchange across Medieval Saharan Africa
Authors: Eisensmith Jake
Published: February 2021

Exhibition Schedule: The Block Museum, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, January 26–July 21, 2019; Aga Khan Museum, Toronto, Canada, September 21, 2019–February 23, 2020; Smithsonian Museum of African Art, Washington, DC, TBD–TBD
Should Seller Disclosures Drone on? The Increasing Use and Need for Regulation Regarding Drones in Real Estate Marketing
Authors: Vesper Margaret
Published: February 2021

N/A
ENFERMAGEM ONCOLÓGICA: INTEGRAÇÃO UNIVERSIDADE-COMUNIDADE NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Dominguez Ramona Garcia Souza , Barros Êmille Palma Torres , Freire Amanda Santos Veiga , Silva Sabrina Souza , Cardoso Lorena Santos
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: descrever os aspectos operacionais e as vivências de discentes do curso de Enfermagem em um projeto de extensão universitária em Enfermagem Oncológica. Método: estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência relacionado a um projeto de extensão em Enfermagem. Resultados: dividiu-se o projeto em três etapas, incluindo a oferta de curso livre na área de oncologia, atividades extensionistas na comunidade e pesquisa em oncologia. Compôs-se a equipe por oito discentes, cinco docentes e quatro enfermeiras. Revela-se que, nas atividades de ensino e extensão, participaram 103 estudantes e 120 pessoas da comunidade, entre profissionais de saúde e outros residentes do município. Produziram-se 12 trabalhos científicos apresentados em eventos com abrangências local, regional e nacional. Permitiu-se, pela vivência dos discentes no projeto, a aproximação com a prática de Enfermagem Oncológica, consolidando os princípios de integralidade das ações de saúde na formação universitária. Conclusão: demonstrou-se, pelo estudo, a aplicação de um modelo de ensino-aprendizagem na Enfermagem que busca integrar universidade e comunidade, contribuindo para a abordagem de temas ainda pouco trabalhados na formação profissional e suscitando possibilidades de práticas interdisciplinares, com a reflexão crítica do ser “enfermeiro” nesse campo de atuação.
ACUPUNTURA NO CONTROLE DE NÁUSEAS E VÔMITOS EM PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS
Authors: Ramos Priscila Caldas de Souza , Freitas Vera Lúcia , Dutra Luana Borges , Silva Natália Chantal Magalhães da
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: verificar o efeito da acupuntura no controle de náuseas e vômitos em pacientes submetidos à quimioterapia. Método: trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico, descritivo, tipo revisão integrativa, realizada em periódicos on-line pesquisados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e na MEDLINE via PubMed, publicados entre 2008 a 2018.  Selecionaram-se 15 artigos em inglês, espanhol ou português, utilizando os descritores “Acupuntura”, “Náusea” e “Neoplasia”, que tiveram aderência à temática. Resultados: percebeu-se que o efeito da acupuntura no controle de náuseas e vômitos induzidos pela quimioterapia foi satisfatório em 13 dos 15 estudos que compuseram esta revisão, mostrando uma diminuição desses sintomas durante e após o tratamento. Destacaram-se, entre os métodos evidenciados nos estudos, a acupuntura clássica e a eletroacupuntura. Conclusão: avalia-se que a acupuntura é uma prática integrativa e complementar aos tratamentos convencionais na oncologia, pois melhora a qualidade de vida dos pacientes em tratamento quimioterápico.
CUIDADO A IDOSOS EM UNIDADE CARDIOVASCULAR INTENSIVA: ESTUDO CONVERGENTE ASSISTENCIAL
Authors: Rosa Neidiane Da , Leite Marinês Tambara , Beuter Margrid , Kinalski Sandra Da Silva
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: analisar a prática educativa acerca do cuidado a idosos internados em Unidade Cardiológica Intensiva, na perspectiva da equipe de Enfermagem. Método: trata-se de um estudo de qualitativo, descritivo, com delineamento da Pesquisa Convergente Assistencial. Utilizaram-se, na coleta de dados, a entrevista, observação participante e grupos de convergência, com a participação de 24 profissionais de Enfermagem. Estruturou-se a análise dos dados, seguindo as etapas da Pesquisa Convergente Assistencial, em três categorias temáticas. Resultados: verificou-se que a equipe de Enfermagem possui fragilidades na formação profissional relativa à área da Gerontologia e, referiu ter dificuldades para prestar cuidado na unidade de tratamento intensivo cardiológica. Acrescenta-se que, na avaliação das estratégias coletivas, os profissionais consideraram que as discussões instigaram a reflexão da prática e procuraram modificá-la, com atuação mais compreensiva, prestando atenção aos idosos. Conclusão: incitaram-se os participantes, pelo estudo, a ampliar seu conhecimento na área da Gerontogeriatria, compreendendo as alterações funcionais e cognitivas vivenciadas pelas pessoas idosas, em especial, aquelas que possuem uma doença cardiovascular e estão hospitalizadas em Unidade Cardiológica Intensiva. Identificou-se, embora de forma incipiente, que houve melhora na assistência ao idoso hospitalizado no cenário do estudo.
SAÚDE INDÍGENA NO CONTEXTO DA AMAZÔNIA LEGAL: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Gomes Vanessa Oliveira , Reis Deyvylan Araujo , Costa Ana Maria Souza , Silva Esmael Marinho , Lobato Tatiana Caroline Lima
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: conhecer as evidências científicas na literatura nacional sobre a saúde indígena no contexto da Amazônia Legal. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura.11 Em pesquisa nas bases de dados LILACS, BDENF e SciELO, encontraram-se 99 artigos, dos quais dez atenderam os critérios de inclusão. Foram utilizados os descritores: saúde das populações indígenas, assistência aos índios, povos nativos, Amazônia, serviço de saúde, comunidade indígena e saúde indígena. Resultados: na análise, o Estado do Amazonas e o do Mato Grosso se destacaram entre os estudos selecionados de abordagem quantitativa. A maioria foi publicada na revista Caderno Saúde Pública, sendo vinte e seis com autoria de doutores. Considerações finais: constatou-sea necessidade de novos estudos sobre a saúde indígena na Amazônia Legal, com o intuito de conhecer as adversidades enfrentadas por essas populações.
EDUCAÇÃO PERMANENTE NA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA: POTENCIALIDADES E RESSIGNIFICAÇÕES
Authors: Santos Adilson Ribeiro dos , Santos Rose Manuela Marta , Franco Túlio Batista , Matumoto Silvia , Vilela Alba Benemérita Alves
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: explorar como potencialidades e ressignificações do cotidiano do trabalho de uma equipe de saúde da família como cenário para Educação Permanente em Saúde. Método : estudo de abordagem qualitativa, utilizado ou método cartográfico. Participaram 13 trabalhadores da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Os dados foram usados pelo grupo focal e pela observação participante. Resultados : nos resultados da cartografia explorada três de vários planos de sentidos possíveis: A Educação Permanente em Saúde como recurso presente no processo de trabalho; A construção e reconstrução dos sentidos da Educação Permanente em Saúde; e Educação Permanente em Saúde reafirmam uma relação de trabalho e produção de conhecimento. Conclusãoo: os trabalhadores atualizar e reconstruir os sentidos da educação permanente em saúde nas reuniões, nas visitas domiciliares, na interação com usuários e colegas. Os cenários da Educação Permanente em Saúde confirmam como configurações de aprendizados que podem ser explorados pela Educação Permanente em Saúde para produção de novos sabores e transformação de práticas em saúde.
LESÕES POR PRESSÃO DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Salomé Geraldo Magela , Pontes Breno César Diniz
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: identificar as medidas preventivas para lesões por pressão causadas pelo uso dos equipamentos de proteção individual durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Método trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico, descritivo, tipo revisão integrativa cuja busca ocorreu nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e Biblioteca Virtual SCIELO. Incluíram-se artigos originais, publicados entre 2019 e 2020, nos idiomas inglês e português. Analisaram-se os achados de forma descritiva. Resultados: identificaram-se 203 estudos publicados em periódicos nacionais e internacionais. Selecionaram-se 15 estudos, que avaliam a técnica de utilização dos equipamentos de proteção individual e estudos que oferecem vários tipos de cobertura/dispositivos e medidas preventivas para lesão causada pelo equipamento de proteção individual. Conclusão: faz-se necessário, com a exposição dos profissionais da saúde à COVID-19, que seja feita recomendação no sentido de que os gestores das instituições implementem protocolos e que os profissionais sejam treinados relativamente às técnicas corretas do uso do equipamento de proteção individual e sobre as medidas preventivas para lesões causadas pelo uso do equipamento de proteção individual e relacionadas aos cuidados com a pele antes da colocação e após a retirada desses equipamentos.
RISCO PARA LESÕES DE PELE EM RECÉM-NASCIDOS EM UTI NEONATAL
Authors: Girão Samara Gomes Matos , Pitombeira Mardenia Gomes Vasconcelos , Damasceno Ana Kelve De Castro , Sales Tamara Braga , Freitas Maíra Maria Leite de , Menezes Cláudia Patrícia Da Silva Ribeiro
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: analisar os fatores de risco para lesões de pele em recém-nascidos hospitalizados em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. Método: trata-se de um estudo misto, descritivo, realizado em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de um hospital de referência. Coletaram-se os dados por meio da sistemática das lesões de pele nos recém-nascidos, pelas informações dos prontuários e uma entrevista com a equipe de Enfermagem. Resultados: aponta-se que os profissionais atribuíram as lesões de pele às punções venosas, à fixação de adesivos aplicados diretamente na pele, à má utilização da Sistematização de Enfermagem, ao uso de produtos químicos para limpeza, à falta de rodízio dos sensores na pele, aos hemoderivados, às medicações (extravasamento) e à fototerapia (Bilitron). Conclusão: conclui-se que a investigação possibilitou identificar os fatores de risco relativos às características ao nascimento, além dos fatores ambientais, mecânicos e físicos e, ainda, como os dias de internação contribuem para a ocorrência das lesões de pele no recém-nascido.
TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO: IMPACTOS NA GESTÃO DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Carvalho Michelle Lúcia Teixeira de , Marreiro Liliane Agnelly dos Anjos , Carvalho Gyl Dayara Alves de , Albuquerque Saemmy Grasiely Estrela de , Santos Sérgio Ribeiro dos
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: compreender como as tecnologias da informação e comunicação influenciam o processo de tomada de decisão de enfermeiros gestores em um hospital universitário. Método: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, realizado com nove enfermeiros gestores das unidades assistenciais de um hospital de ensino, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Submeteram-se os dados à Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados: informa-se que emergiram duas categorias, “Descrevendo o uso do AGHU” e “Sugestões de melhorias para o uso do AGHU”, e os gestores demonstraram possuir pouca qualificação no uso de Sistemas de Informação, apresentaram dificuldades quanto à implantação do sistema utilizado e acesso à internet. Conclusão: conclui-se que o sistema AGHU, da forma como se encontra estruturado, não está sendo utilizado de maneira coesa, tendo repercussão negativa na qualidade dos serviços prestados à gestão de saúde.
CUIDADOS DE ENFERMAGEM NA REDUÇÃO MANUAL DE PROLAPSO DE ESTOMIA
Authors: Paczek Rosaura Soares , Brum Bruna Noschang de , Brito Daniela Trintinaia , Tanaka Ana Karina Silva da Rocha
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: relatar um caso sobre a redução manual do prolapso em um estoma intestinal. Método: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, tipo relato de caso clínico, sobre a redução manual do prolapso em um estoma intestinal de um paciente. Relata-se que o cenário foi um centro de referência no atendimento ao estomizado. Avaliaram a efetividade das intervenções de Enfermagem com base na comparação dos resultados iniciais e finais do procedimento. Resultados: nota-se a presença de lesões e permeabilidade na presença de prolapso, realizando a manobra de redução digital, até a sua total regressão, facilitando a limpeza da pele e a colocação do equipamento coletor, observando as possíveis lesões periestomais e na mucosa. Conclusão: informa-se que os pacientes com prolapso em estoma intestinal têm um desconforto devido ao volume dentro do equipamento coletor e ao pouco espaço para conter as suas eliminações. Utiliza-se a técnica de redução manual para facilitar a troca do equipamento coletor, esta deverá ser realizada por enfermeiro estomaterapeuta ou capacitado. Salienta-se que os casos em que se afeta o desenvolvimento de atividades cotidianas merecem uma avaliação da equipe cirúrgica.
PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS IN COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
Authors: Carvalho Marcelo
Published: February 2021

The use of psychological concepts in cognitive neuroscience is heavily criticized by Bennett & Hacker's Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience. The central objection points to neuroscience's attribution to the brain of psychological concepts that are meaningful only when applied to the entire being. That is supposedly the case of “seeing,” “communicating,” and “reading.” Bennett & Hacker identify in such attributions what they call a mereological fallacy. The critical revision of Bennett & Hacker's argument is an opportunity to present the debate about philosophy and psychological neuroscience and outline a Wittgensteinian perspective about the meaning of psychological concepts, its interest, and its relevance to scientific research.
HUBUNGAN KOMPETENSI KEPRIBADIAN DAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL GURU PLK TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Hakiki Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Penelitan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya motivasi belajar siswa, sehingga berdampak terhadap kompetensi kepribadian dan kecerdasan emsional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui deskripsi kompetensi kepribadian dan kecerdasan emosional terhadap motivasi belajar siswa, serta untuk mengetahui seberapa besar hubungan kompetensi kepribadian dan kecerdasan emosional guru praktek lapangan kependidikan (PLK) terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif bersifat asosiatif. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data adalah kuesioner model skala Likert. Populasi dari penelitian yaitu seluruh siswa Kelas Xl Semester Ganjil di SMK N 1 Muara Bungo  Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020. Maka disimpulkan hubungan kompetensi kepribadian masuk dalam kategori baik sekali (82,09%), hubungan kecerdasan emosional masuk dalam kategori baik (72,21%), dan motivasi belajar masuk dalam kategori baik  (75,14%). Hasil dari penelitian didapatkan bahwa adanya hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara kompetensi kepribadian dan kecerdasan emosional guru praktek lapangan kependidikan (PLK) terhadap motivasi belajar siswa Kelas Xl Semester Ganjil di SMK N 1 Muara Bungo Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020.
MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIVAN DAN HASIL BELAJAR PKn MELALUI PICTURE AND PICTURE UNTUK SISWA KELAS IX SMP
Authors: YULIASTINI SRI
Published: February 2021

This research is based on the teaching and learning process of the teacher still using conventional methods and students often play alone in the classroom during learning, take a walk in the classroom, pay less attention to the teacher when explaining the subject matter, leave the classroom without the teacher's permission, lack the courage to ask questions. as well as to fellow friends when the learning process takes place. This study aims to describe the increase in learning outcomes of Civics subjects through the use of the Picture and Picture method in grade IXA students of SMP Negeri 6 Muara Bungo Semester 2 in the 2018/2019 academic year. This type of research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) with a qualitative descriptive approach carried out in two cycles. The results showed that the use of the Picture and Picture method in Civics learning could increase student activity in the pre-cycle only 32.14%, 42.86% in first cycle, and 85% in second cycle, and the number of students who completed increased in the pre-cycle there were 10 students. , cycle I 19 students, and cycle II 28 students.
MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN IPS MELALUI METODE PEMBELAJARAN AKTIF TEKNIK QUIZ TEAM SISWA KELAS VII SMP
Authors: Afrida Afrida
Published: February 2021

This research is based on the background that students have a low interest in social studies learning characterized by many students who are less interested in paying attention to the teacher's explanation when the learning process takes place in class, learning tends to be teacher-centered with a monotonous method, and the willingness of students to read social studies books is lacking. This study aims to increase interest in social studies learning through the active learning method of the Quiz Team technique for grade VII.3 students of SMP Negeri 7 Muara Bungo. This type of research is a classroom action research (Classroom Action Research) which is carried out in two cycles. The results showed that the use of the active learning method of the Quiz Team technique could increase students' interest in learning with an average score in the first cycle of 70,63 and 84.53 in cycle II.
Effect of Mindfulness Training on Fatigue and Recovery in Elite Volleyball Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Follow-Up Study
Authors: Coimbra Danilo R. , Bevilacqua Guilherme G. , Pereira Fabiano S. , Andrade Alexandro
Published: February 2021

Volleyball is a team sport with high physical and perceptual-cognitive demand, hence, increasing the perception of physical and mental fatigue during a competition. To alleviate fatigue (physical and mental), mindfulness and music have been proposed. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of mindfulness-based mental versus music training on mental fatigue, physical fatigue, and recovery in elite competitive female volleyball athletes using a randomized two-controlled study with follow-up. Participants were 30 elite female Brazilian volleyball athletes. Athletes were randomly assigned to the following groups: 1) mindfulness-based mental training group (MBMT); 2) music-based training group (MBT); or 3) control group (CG). Three variables were evaluated as follows: 1) recovery based on total quality recovery; 2) mental fatigue visual analog scale; and 3) physical fatigue visual analog scale. Regarding recovery, there was no difference between the MBMT, MBT, and CG groups (p > 0.05). A difference in mental fatigue was noted between MBT and CG at follow-up [F(2,26) = 5.71, p = 0.009; large]. Regarding physical fatigue, there was no difference between the MBMT, MBT, and CG groups (p > 0.05). The mindfulness intervention effectively attenuated the mental fatigue caused by competition in volleyball athletes. These results will assist coaches and staff in providing fatigue management and reinforce the applicability of mental training in sports.
A Mixed-Method Approach of Pre-Cooling Enhances High-Intensity Running Performance in the Heat
Authors: Xu Minxiao , Wu Zhaozhao , Dong Yanan , Qu Chaoyi , Xu Yaoduo , Qin Fei , Wang Zhongwei , Nassis George P. , Zhao Jiexiu
Published: February 2021

We investigated whether single or combined methods of pre-cooling could affect high-intensity exercise performance in a hot environment. Seven male athletes were subjected to four experimental conditions for 30 min in a randomised order. The four experimental conditions were: 1) wearing a vest cooled to a temperature of 4 ℃ (Vest), 2) consuming a beverage cooled to a temperature of 4 ℃ (Beverage), 3) simultaneous usage of vest and consumption of beverage (Mix), and 4) the control trial without pre-cooling (CON). Following those experimental conditions, they exercised at a speed of 80% VO2max until exhaustion in the heat (38.1 ± 0.6 ℃, 55.3 ± 0.3% RH). Heart rate (HR), rectal temperature (Tcore), skin temperature (Tskin), sweat loss (SL), urine specific gravity (USG), levels of sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), thermal sensation (TS), and levels of blood lactic acid ([Bla]) were monitored. Performance was improved using the mixed pre-cooling strategy (648.43 ± 77.53 s, p = 0.016) compared to CON (509.14 ± 54.57 s). Tcore after pre-cooling was not different (Mix: 37.01 ± 0.27 ℃, Vest: 37.19 ± 0.33 ℃, Beverage: 37.03 ± 0.35 ℃) in all cooling conditions compared to those of CON (37.31 ±0.29 ℃). A similar Tcore values was achieved at exhaustion in all trials (from 38.10 ℃ to 39.00 ℃). No difference in the level of USG was observed between the conditions. Our findings suggest that pre-cooling with a combination of cold vest usage and cold fluid intake can improve performance in the heat.
Electromyographic Comparison of Five Lower-Limb Muscles between Single- and Multi-Joint Exercises among Trained Men
Authors: Stien Nicolay , Saeterbakken Atle Hole , Andersen Vidar
Published: February 2021

Resistance-training exercises can be classified as either single- or multi-joint exercises and differences in surface electromyography (EMG) amplitude between the two training methods may identify which muscles can benefit from either training modality. This study aimed to compare the surface EMG amplitude of five hip- and knee extensors during one multi-joint (leg press) and two single-joint exercises (knee extension and kickback). Fifteen resistance-trained men completed one familiarization session to determine their unilateral six repetitions maximum (6RM) in the three exercises. During the following experimental session, EMG amplitudes of the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris, gluteus maximus and biceps femoris of the left leg were measured while performing three repetitions on their respective 6RM loads. The multi-joint exercise leg press produced higher EMG amplitude of the vastus lateralis (ES = 0.92, p = 0.003) than the single-joint exercise knee extension, whereas the rectus femoris demonstrated higher EMG amplitude during the knee extension (ES = 0.93, p = 0.005). The biceps femoris EMG amplitude was higher during the single-joint exercise kickback compared to the leg press (ES = 2.27, p < 0.001), while no significant differences in gluteus maximus (ES = 0.08, p = 0.898) or vastus medialis (ES = 0.056, p = 0.025 were observed between exercises. The difference in EMG amplitude between single- and multi-joint exercises appears to vary depending on the specific exercises and the muscle groups tested. Leg press is a viable and time-efficient option for targeting several hip- and knee extensors during resistance training of the lower limbs, but the single-joint exercises may be preferable for targeting the rectus femoris and biceps femoris.
Análisis del consumo de medios digitales españoles durante la pandemia del coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Sierra Sánchez Javier , Liberal Ormaechea Sheila , De Vicente Domínguez Aida María
Published: February 2021

En esta investigación empírica se estudia el consumo informativo, en medios digitales españoles, desde el inicio del brote SARS-CoV-2 en el mundo prestando especial importancia al periodo de expansión en España. Se analizan las piezas informativas publicadas en los medios digitales sobre esta crisis sanitaria, bajo dos términos, Coronavirus y COVID-19, para comprobar la capacidad de engagement en el lector. Se aplica la técnica de análisis de contenido de tipo cuantitativo obteniendo datos muy significativos. Los resultados desvelan una correlación entre un elevado número de piezas informativas y un mayor alcance/engagement con los usuarios; que las redes sociales Facebook y Twitter, por este orden de importancia, se convierten en el complemento perfecto de los medios digitales para circular los hechos noticiosos y, de esta forma, impactar en un mayor número de población; y que ,en el contexto de esta pandemia mundial, las noticias con titulares positivos tienen mayor alcance y engagement en la sociedad.
Il neonato che “sa di sale”
Authors: Serra Gregorio , Antona Vincenzo , D’Alessandro Maria , Maggio Maria Cristina , Corsello Giovanni
Published: February 2021

Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 (PHA1) is a rare genetic disease due to the peripheral resistance to aldosterone. Clinical spectrum with neonatal onset includes salt loss, hyponatremia, hypochloraemia, hyperkalaemia, metabolic acidosis and increased plasmatic levels of aldosterone. Two forms of the disease - renal and systemic – have been described, which are genetically distinct and with wide clinical expressivity. The most severe generalized PHA1 is caused by mutations in the genes encoding for the subunits of the epithelial sodium channels (ENaC). The paper reports the case of a newborn of the first pregnancy of healthy and consanguineous Sicilian parents, with a clinical and hormonal picture compatible with the diagnosis of generalized PHA1. A novel SCNN1A gene mutation, inherited from both heterozygous, was identified by next generation sequencing (NGS) in the homozygous child. The neonatologist should consider a diagnosis of PHA1 in case of hyponatremia, hyperkalaemia and metabolic acidosis. The diagnostic suspicion was confirmed by the increased plasmatic levels of aldosterone and aldosterone/renin ratio, associated to a poor response to steroid administration. The treatment is based on high doses of sodium chloride, fludrocortisone and glucocorticoids, insulin and ion exchange resins. It may be useful to reduce potassium intake with the use of special formulas. The clinician must gradually balance the doses of drugs on the basis of electrolyte and hormone levels. A multi-disciplinary team and close follow-up evaluations are needed for optimal management of such patients. The present report may broaden the knowledge of the genetic and molecular bases of disease, by improving its clinical characterization and providing useful indications for the treatment of patients. Clinical approach must be personalized, also in relation to long survival and potential multi-organ complications.