bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendidikan Karakter dalam Pandangan Agama Buddha
Authors: Vidya Dama , Utami Sri
Published: July 2024

Pendidikan karakter penting untuk membentuk peserta didik yang beretika, bijaksana, dan berkontribusi positif kepada masyarakat. Dalam perspektif Buddhis, pendidikan karakter memegang peranan penting. Artikel ini mengulas konsep-konsep utama dan nilai-nilai yang diajarkan Buddha yang dapat menjadi dasar pendidikan karakter. Dalam agama Buddha, karakter yang baik didasarkan pada prinsip-prinsip moral seperti kebaikan, kejujuran, dan kasih sayang. Penelitian ini menggunakan tinjauan literatur. Tinjauan Pustaka merupakan proses penyelidikan atau peninjauan pustaka yang relevan dengan topik peneliti atau penelitian yang dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguraikan dan menganalisis konsep-konsep dan nilai-nilai pokok dalam ajaran Buddha yang dapat menjadi landasan pendidikan karakter. Pendidikan karakter dalam konteks ini merujuk pada upaya membentuk peserta didik agar memiliki kualitas moral dan etika yang kuat, sehingga mampu memberikan kontribusi positif kepada masyarakat.
The Impact of Maintenance Planning on Large Project Management Performance
Authors: Alrashidi Ahmad , Adesta Erry Y. T.
Published: July 2024

Structured methodologies and tools for the tailored design of factories are adopted by suppliers of manufacturing systems but usually discontinued after the design phase.  The use of an ontology-based virtual factory, continuously synchronised with the real plant, is proposed to guarantee digital continuity and enable in-situ simulation during the operating phase.  This digital counterpart of the system can be used for integrated shop-floor simulations to assess production and maintenance planning decisions' future impact. An industrial application is provided in the context of roll shops, i.e., systems devoted to the grinding of cylinders for rolling mills.
Controlling the Variable Inertia of Flywheel: A Scientific Review
Authors: Mahbubur Rashid Muhammad , Salam Syed Munimus
Published: July 2024

Due to the variation of the moment of inertia, flywheels, a well-known mechanical system, can balance the energy output by preventing fluctuations in rotational speed. Examples of prevalent applications are the engine with internal combustion and industrial apparatus. A flywheel with a considerable moment of inertia is mandatory to accomplish reduced angular velocity variations. A flywheel with a variable moment of inertia can be recommended for specific applications to obtain sustainable energy savings. Variations in the masses' radii from the flywheel axis can yield the concept of true inertia. Still, the control techniques for the variable inertial flywheel (VIF) are relatively complex. This paper critically analyses the available literature on VIF control methods and focuses on their application.
Design of a Wilkinson Power Divider with Harmonic Suppression for Mobile Application
Authors: Iskandar Tuah Hanis Humaira , Alam A H M Zahirul
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a Wilkinson Power Divider (WPD) operating at 6 GHz capable of suppressing unwanted harmonics up to the 3rd harmonic. The design formulas are analysed and presented in detail. Power dividers are widely used in microwave circuit structures. Indeed, this paper outlines the design and simulation of a 1:1 power divider for mobile applications using CST Studio Suite.
Perspektywa geograficzna badań nierówności społecznych w przestrzeni miast = A geographical perspective of social-inequality research in urban space
Authors: Świerkocki Marcel
Published: July 2024

Celem artykułu jest usystematyzowanie zagadnień dotyczących badań nad nierównościami w przestrzeni miast – przede wszystkim na podstawie prac naukowców z Polski oraz z krajów Europy Zachodniej i Stanów Zjednoczonych, gdzie badania o tej tematyce mają dłuższą tradycję. Nierówności społeczne powszechnie uważa się za jedno z najważniejszych wyzwań współczesności. Wysoki poziom nierówności społecznych, wyraźny zwłaszcza w obszarach zurbanizowanych, negatywnie rzutuje na jakość życia ich mieszkańców. W artykule opisano współczesne definicje pojęcia nierówności społecznych oraz przedstawiono pojęcia bliskoznaczne. Wyjaśniono wpływ nierówności społecznych na codzienne życie mieszkańców miast. Omówiono także historię badań nad nierównościami oraz najczęściej stosowane podejścia badawcze. W ostatniej części przedstawiono aktualne kierunki badań i perspektywy rozwoju badań o tej tematyce w przyszłości.
Bacterial aetiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of osteoarticular infections at a tertiary-level paediatric unit in South Africa
Authors: Horn A , Centner C , Laubscher M , Tootlah H
Published: July 2024

Background. Osteoarticular infections (OAI) are very common in children living in low- and middle-income countries, yet the bacterial aetiology and antibiotic susceptibility of OAI in children are not well described.
Objective. To determine bacterial aetiology and antibiotic susceptibility of OAI in paediatric patients in a regional hospital in Cape Town, South Africa.
Methods. The study included all patients who underwent surgery for OAI over a 3-year period, and those with organisms identified from tissue, pus, fluid or blood. Duplicate cultures from the same patient were excluded if the organism and antibiotic susceptibility profiles were the same. Patients were categorised by age and class of infection (septic arthritis, acute osteomyelitis, fracture-related infection, post- operative sepsis and chronic osteomyelitis) and organisms were stratified accordingly.
Results. We identified 132 organisms from 123 samples collected from 96 patients. Most cultured organisms were from children older than 3 years with acute haematogenous septic arthritis, osteomyelitis or both. Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) accounted for 56% (n=74/132) of organisms cultured. The Enterobacterales accounted for 17% (n=22/132) of organisms cultured, mostly in the fracture-related and postoperative infection groups. Of these, six each were extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers and AmpC producers, respectively. There were no carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales.
Conclusion. Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus is the most common infecting organism in paediatric OAI and anti-staphylococcal penicillin is the most appropriate empiric treatment for haematogenous OAI in our environment. In fracture-related or postoperative infections, Enterobacterales were more frequently cultured, and treatment should be guided by culture and susceptibility results.
Short-term mortality and morbidity of very low-birthweight infants over 9 years at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Crichton H , Tooke L
Published: July 2024

Background. With the advancement of neonatal care there has been a decrease in mortality rates of very low-birthweight (VLBW) (≤1 500 g) infants worldwide. However, this has been at the cost of increased morbidity in this vulnerable group. Currently there are little up to date data on short-term morbidities for VLBW infants in low and middle-income countries.
Objectives. The primary objective was to describe the neonatal mortality rate in infants weighing 401 to 1 500 g admitted to Groote Schuur Hospital neonatal unit over a 9-year period. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the main neonatal short-term morbidities.
Methods. We conducted a secondary analysis of prospectively collected observational data. All VLBW infants admitted to GSH neonatal unit from 2012 - 2020 were included in the study. Data were benchmarked against the Vermont Oxford Network (VON) database.
Results. A total of 4 645 infants were included in the study. The overall mortality rate was 19.8%, which remained static over the study period. There was a significantly higher mortality rate associated with decreasing birthweight. The mortality rate for outborn v. inborn infants was higher: 30.3% v. 18.4% (p=0.046). There was a significant risk of higher short-term morbidity in infants <1 000 g. The survival rate without major morbidity was 68.5% which compared favourably with that of the VON.
Conclusion. The results demonstrate that mortality rates are higher compared with developed countries. However, and importantly, survival without morbidity was comparable. Strategies to improve mortality and morbidity in VLBW infants are multifaceted and require a collaborative and innovative approach.
Ion geochemistry of massive ice at Yamal Peninsula: Bovanenkovo, Erkutayakha and Mordyyakha
Authors: Vasil'chuk Yurij Kirillovich
Published: July 2024

The article aims to ascertain the qualitative and quantitative ion composition of three massive ices in the central and southern regions of Yamal: a) Bovanenkovo, situated on the shore of Lake Hanikoshito; b) in the upper reaches of the Mordyyakha River; and c) in the Erkutayakha River valley. We compared the results with the ionic composition of the known massive ice of the Yamal Peninsula (Bovanenkovo, Kharasavey, Marre-Sale, Neito, Yuribey, Sabetta) and adjacent territories (Gyda, Tanama, Ust-Port, Ledyanaya Gora) to identify the genetic similarity of the three studied massive ices, thereby establishing a more definitive nature. Samples from all three massive ices are ultra-fresh, with ion concentrations ranging from 20 to 40 mg/l. In the ionic composition of the Bovanenkovo massive ice, sodium cations noticeably predominate, reaching 38.95 mg/l in turbid ice and potassium cations up to 21.76 mg/l in highly bubbly transparent ice. Sodium cations noticeably predominate in the Mordyyakha River valley, reaching 68.51 mg/l in ice with soil and 6.1 mg/l in crystal ice. In the ionic composition of massive ice in the Erkutayakha River, approximately equal amounts of sodium cations are observed, reaching 3.64 mg/l. The average concentration of chlorine anions in the massive ice of the Erkutayakha River valley varies: in crystal and milky white ice, 0.76 mg/l; in gray ice of horizontal layers, 1.46 mg/l; and in vertically layered ice of the central stock, 1.48 mg/l. The ionic compositions found in the three thick massive ice lenses that were studied are most similar to those found in Holocene intrasedimental massive ice lenses near Sabetta village and infiltration-segregation thick ice lenses near Gyda village. This is the basis for the classification of the studied massive ice as intrasedimental massive ice.
State responsibility for the massive violation of rights and freedoms : a comparative analysis of the experience of the United States of America and the Russian Federation
Authors: Gogeniia Diana Zurabovna
Published: July 2024

The subject of the study is the state responsibility in the form of compensation for harm, committed by massive violation of human rights and freedoms. The object of the study is the actual and historical forms of the state responsibility in the legal systems of the Russian Federation and the United States of America. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as: the implementation of state responsibility for the damage caused within the framework of private law (regular) and public law (emergency) mechanisms; law enforcement practice of the Russian Federation and the United States on issues of state compensation for harm; the practice of adopting "compensatory acts". Special attention is paid to the principle of sovereign immunity of the state, its historical origin and modern understanding, differences of its interpretation in the Russian Federation and the United States; identification of common features and differences in approaches to the institution of state compensation for harm in the two countries; proposals for improving national legislation in the context of the topic under consideration. Using a comparative method, the author illustrates the processes of formation of this institution in the studied legal systems, defines the differences between the institutions of compensation for "private law" and mass harm committed by the state. The legal research presented in the article allows to conclude that the established practice of implementing this institution has similar features in both studied states, which allows us to use each other's experience. The novelty of the study is justified by conducting a comparative study of state-sponsored compensation institutions in the Russian Federation and the United States with an emphasis on mass harm, which revealed a general trend towards the adoption of "compensatory acts", the purpose of which is to circumvent the judicial procedure for dispute settlement in such situations. A proposal was also formulated on the need to specify Russian legislation in the field of compensation for mass environmental damage, including through the introduction of compensatory mechanisms. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of using its results to improve legislation and law enforcement practice in the field of state compensation for mass harm.
RBM7 deficiency promotes breast cancer metastasis by coordinating MFGE8 splicing switch and NF-kB pathway
Authors: Huang Fang , Dai Zhenwei , Yu Jinmiao , Wang Kainan , Chen Chaoqun , Chen Dan , Zhang Jinrui , Zhao Jinyao , Li Mei , Zhang Wenjing , Li Xiaojie , Qi Yangfan , Wang Yang
Published: July 2024

Aberrant alternative splicing is well-known to be closely associated with tumorigenesis of various cancers. However, the intricate mechanisms underlying breast cancer metastasis driven by deregulated splicing events remain largely unexplored. Here, we unveiled that RBM7 is decreased in lymph node and distant organ metastases of breast cancer as compared to primary lesions and low expression of RBM7 is correlated with the reduced disease-free survival of breast cancer patients. Breast cancer cells with RBM7 depletion exhibited an increased potential for lung metastasis compared to scramble control cells. The absence of RBM7 stimulated breast cancer cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Mechanistically, RBM7 controlled the splicing switch of MFGE8, favoring the production of the predominant isoform of MFGE8, MFGE8-L. This resulted in the attenuation of STAT1 phosphorylation and alterations in cell adhesion molecules. MFGE8-L exerted an inhibitory effect on the migratory and invasive capability of breast cancer cells, while the truncated isoform MFGE8-S, which lack the second F5/8 type C domain had the opposite effect. In addition, RBM7 negatively regulates the NF-κB cascade and an NF-κB inhibitor could obstruct the increase in HUVEC tube formation caused by RBM7 silencing. Clinically, we noticed a positive correlation between RBM7 expression and MFGE8 exon7 inclusion in breast cancer tissues, providing new mechanistic insights for molecular-targeted therapy in combating breast cancer.
Uncovering the BIN1-SH3 interactome underpinning centronuclear myopathy
Authors: Zambo Boglarka , Edelweiss Evelina , Morlet Bastien , Negroni Luc , Pajkos Matyas , Dosztanyi Zsuzsanna , Ostergaard Soren , Trave Gilles , Laporte Jocelyn , Gogl Gergo
Published: July 2024

Truncation of the protein-protein interaction SH3 domain of the membrane remodeling Bridging Integrator 1 (BIN1, Amphiphysin 2) protein leads to centronuclear myopathy. Here, we assessed the impact of a set of naturally observed, previously uncharacterized BIN1 SH3 domain variants using conventional in vitro and cell-based assays monitoring the BIN1 interaction with dynamin 2 (DNM2) and identified potentially harmful ones that can be also tentatively connected to neuromuscular disorders. However, SH3 domains are typically promiscuous and it is expected that other, so far unknown partners of BIN1 exist besides DNM2, that also participate in the development of centronuclear myopathy. In order to shed light on these other relevant interaction partners and to get a holistic picture of the pathomechanism behind BIN1 SH3 domain variants, we used affinity interactomics. We identified hundreds of new BIN1 interaction partners proteome-wide, among which many appear to participate in cell division, suggesting a critical role of BIN1 in the regulation of mitosis. Finally, we show that the identified BIN1 mutations indeed cause proteome-wide affinity perturbation, signifying the importance of employing unbiased affinity interactomic approaches.
A dynamic generative model can extract interpretable oscillatory components from multichannel neurophysiological recordings
Authors: Das Proloy , He Mingjian , Purdon Patrick L
Published: July 2024

Modern neurophysiological recordings are performed using multichannel sensor arrays that are able to record activity in an increasingly high number of channels numbering in the 100’s to 1000’s. Often, underlying lower-dimensional patterns of activity are responsible for the observed dynamics, but these representations are difficult to reliably identify using existing methods that attempt to summarize multivariate relationships in a post-hoc manner from univariate analyses, or using current blind source separation methods. While such methods can reveal appealing patterns of activity, determining the number of components to include, assessing their statistical significance, and interpreting them requires extensive manual intervention and subjective judgement in practice. These difficulties with component selection and interpretation occur in large part because these methods lack a generative model for the underlying spatio-temporal dynamics. Here we describe a novel component analysis method anchored by a generative model where each source is described by a bio-physically inspired state space representation. The parameters governing this representation readily capture the oscillatory temporal dynamics of the components, so we refer to it as Oscillation Component Analysis (OCA). These parameters – the oscillatory properties, the component mixing weights at the sensors, and the number of oscillations – all are inferred in a data-driven fashion within a Bayesian framework employing an instance of the expectation maximization algorithm. We analyze high-dimensional electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography recordings from human studies to illustrate the potential utility of this method for neuroscience data.
Range aware message drop policy for delay tolerant networks
Authors: Khan Samiullah , Saeed Khalid , Majeed Muhammad Faran , Aurangzeb Khursheed , Ahmad Zahoor , Anwar Muhammad Shahid , Allayarov Piratdin
Published: July 2024

In delay tolerant networks (DTNs) the messages are often not delivered to the destination due to a lack of end-to-end connectivity. In such cases, the messages are stored in the buffer for a long time and are transmitted when the nodes come into the range of each other. The buffer size of each node has a limited capacity, and it cannot accommodate the new incoming message when the buffer memory is full, and as a result network congestion occurs. This leads to a low delivery probability and thus increases the overhead ratio. In this research work, a new buffer management scheme called Range Aware Drop (RAD) is proposed which considers metrics such as message size and time to live (TTL). RAD utilizes TTL as an important metric and as a result, reduces the unnecessary message drop. Simulation results reveal that RAD performs significantly better than drop oldest (DOA) and size aware drop (SAD) in terms of delivery probability and overhead ratio. The obtained results also revealed that the hop-count average of SAD is 3.9 and DOA is 3.4 while the hop-count average of RAD is just 1.7. Also, the message drop ratio of the RAD is 36.2% while SAD and DOA have message drop ratios of 73.3% and 84.9% respectively.
An optimization algorithm for maximum quasi-clique problem based on information feedback model
Authors: Liu Shuhong , Zhou Jincheng , Wang Dan , Zhang Zaijun , Lei Mingjie
Published: July 2024

The maximum clique problem in graph theory is a well-known challenge that involves identifying the complete subgraph with the highest number of nodes in a given graph, which is a problem that is hard for nondeterministic polynomial time (NP-hard problem). While finding the exact application of the maximum clique problem in the real world is difficult, the relaxed clique model quasi-clique has emerged and is widely applied in fields such as bioinformatics and social network analysis. This study focuses on the maximum quasi-clique problem and introduces two algorithms, NF1 and NR1. These algorithms make use of previous iteration information through an information feedback model, calculate the information feedback score using fitness weighting, and update individuals in the current iteration based on the benchmark algorithm and selected previous individuals. The experimental results from a significant number of composite and real-world graphs indicate that both algorithms outperform the original benchmark algorithm in dense instances, while also achieving comparable results in sparse instances.
Two new Cortinarius species in subgenus Leprocybe from Southwest China
Authors: Hong Peng , Wang Ke , Du Zhuo , Zhao Ming-Jun , Xie Meng-Le , Liu Di , Wei Tie-Zheng
Published: July 2024

Two new Cortinarius species in subgenus Leprocybe, Cortinarius hengduanensis and C. yadingensis, are proposed based on a combination of morphological and molecular evidence. Cortinarius hengduanensis has distinct olive tinged basidiomata, a squamulose pileus, and small, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores, the ITS sequence differs from that of C. flavifolium by at least 28 substitutions and independent positions. Cortinarius yadingensis has a squamulose pileus and subglobose to broadly ellipsoid coarsely verrucose basidiospores, the ITS sequence has at least 11 substitutions and index position deviations from the other members of the Leprocybe section. Both new species were found in mixed forests of southwest China.
In field use of water samples for genomic surveillance of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) infecting tilapia fish in Lake Volta, Ghana
Authors: Alathari Shayma , Joseph Andrew , Bolaños Luis M. , Studholme David J. , Jeffries Aaron R. , Appenteng Patrick , Duodu Kwaku A. , Sawyerr Eric B. , Paley Richard , Tyler Charles R. , Temperton Ben
Published: July 2024

Viral outbreaks are a constant threat to aquaculture, limiting production for better global food security. A lack of diagnostic testing and monitoring in resource-limited areas hinders the capacity to respond rapidly to disease outbreaks and to prevent viral pathogens becoming endemic in fisheries productive waters. Recent developments in diagnostic testing for emerging viruses, however, offers a solution for rapid in situ monitoring of viral outbreaks. Genomic epidemiology has furthermore proven highly effective in detecting viral mutations involved in pathogenesis and assisting in resolving chains of transmission. Here, we demonstrate the application of an in-field epidemiological tool kit to track viral outbreaks in aquaculture on farms with reduced access to diagnostic labs, and with non-destructive sampling. Inspired by the “lab in a suitcase” approach used for genomic surveillance of human viral pathogens and wastewater monitoring of COVID19, we evaluated the feasibility of real-time genome sequencing surveillance of the fish pathogen, Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) in Lake Volta. Viral fractions from water samples collected from cages holding Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with suspected ongoing ISKNV infections were concentrated and used as a template for whole genome sequencing, using a previously developed tiled PCR method for ISKNV. Mutations in ISKNV in samples collected from the water surrounding the cages matched those collected from infected caged fish, illustrating that water samples can be used for detecting predominant ISKNV variants in an ongoing outbreak. This approach allows for the detection of ISKNV and tracking of the dynamics of variant frequencies, and may thus assist in guiding control measures for the rapid isolation and quarantine of infected farms and facilities.
Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses of Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Allium host in India
Authors: Gawai Tushar , Sadawarte Sharwari , Khandagale Kiran , Raj Anusha , Kulkarni Abhijeet , Jaiswal Durgesh Kumar , Ade Avinash B. , Gawande Suresh
Published: July 2024

Background

Onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) is a complex of cryptic species with subtle morphological differences and distinct genetic backgrounds; thus, species identification using traditional methods remains challenging. The existence of different haplotypes and genotypes within a species can significantly influence various aspects of its biology, including host preference, reproductive capacity, resistance to pesticides, and vector competence for plant viruses. Understanding the genetic diversity and population structure of cryptic species within T. tabaci will not only aid in the development of more effective control strategies tailored to specific genetic variants but also in monitoring population dynamics, tracking invasive species, and implementing quarantine measures to prevent the spread of economically damaging thrips biotypes.

Methods

This study aims to explore intraspecies genetic diversity and molecular evolutionary relationships of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase gene subunit I (mtCOI) in T. tabaci populations from India. To capture diversity within the Indian T. tabaci populations, amplicon sequencing was performed for the thrips mtCOI gene from eight diverse localities in India. A total of 48 sequences retrieved for the mtCOI gene from the NCBI Nucleotide database were analysed.

Results

Multiple insertions and deletions were detected at various genomic positions across the populations from different localities, with the highest variation observed in the 300–400 genome position range. Molecular diversity analyses identified 30 haplotypes within the population, with certain subpopulations exhibiting higher gene flow. Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism patterns within the mtCOI gene across diverse Indian locales revealed significant intrapopulation genetic heterogeneity and its potential repercussions on gene functionality. Elevated F statistics (Fst) values in the northern–western subpopulations suggested high genetic variability, particularly evident in haplotype networks originating mainly from the northern region, notably Delhi. While most populations displayed stable and ancient evolutionary histories, thrips populations from northern, western, and north-eastern regions indicated rapid growth.
Meiofauna at a tropical sandy beach in the SW Atlantic: the influence of seasonality on diversity
Authors: Coppo Gabriel C. , Pereira Araiene P. , Netto Sergio A. , Bernardino Angelo F.
Published: July 2024

Background

Sandy beaches are dynamic environments housing a large diversity of organisms and providing important environmental services. Meiofaunal metazoan are small organisms that play a key role in the sediment. Their diversity, distribution and composition are driven by sedimentary and oceanographic parameters. Understanding the diversity patterns of marine meiofauna is critical in a changing world.

Methods

In this study, we investigate if there is seasonal difference in meiofaunal assemblage composition and diversity along 1 year and if the marine seascapes dynamics (water masses with particular biogeochemical features, characterized by temperature, salinity, absolute dynamic topography, chromophoric dissolved organic material, chlorophyll-a, and normalized fluorescent line height), rainfall, and sediment parameters (total organic matter, carbonate, carbohydrate, protein, lipids, protein-to-carbohydrate, carbohydrate-to-lipids, and biopolymeric carbon) affect significatively meiofaunal diversity at a tropical sandy beach. We tested two hypotheses here: (i) meiofaunal diversity is higher during warmer months and its composition changes significatively among seasons along a year at a tropical sandy beach, and (ii) meiofaunal diversity metrics are significantly explained by marine seascapes characteristics and sediment parameters. We used metabarcoding (V9 hypervariable region from 18S gene) from sediment samples to assess the meiofaunal assemblage composition and diversity (phylogenetic diversity and Shannon’s diversity) over a period of 1 year.

Results

Meiofauna was dominated by Crustacea (46% of sequence reads), Annelida (28% of sequence reads) and Nematoda (12% of sequence reads) in periods of the year with high temperatures (>25 °C), high salinity (>31.5 ppt), and calm waters. Our data support our initial hypotheses revealing a higher meiofaunal diversity (phylogenetic and Shannon’s Diversity) and different composition during warmer periods of the year. Meiofaunal diversity was driven by a set of multiple variables, including biological variables (biopolymeric carbon) and organic matter quality (protein content, lipid content, and carbohydrate-to-lipid ratio).
La retroalimentación efectiva como herramienta de mejora en la escritura : diseño de estrategia evaluativa de escritura con foco en evaluación formativa y retroalimentación para estudiantes de enseñanza básica
Authors:   , Garbarini Ellies Antonella
Published: July 2024

El presente trabajo corresponde a un diseño de una estrategia evaluativa de escritura con foco en la evaluación formativa y retroalimentación. Este diseño se basa en las tres etapas del modelo “Diseño Invertido” de Wiggins y McTighe (2005): i) Resultados deseados, ii) Evidencia de logro de la producción escrita y, iii) plan de aprendizaje y fue generado a partir de una revisión bibliográfica de los principales autores sobre evaluación de la escritura y retroalimentación efectiva. Esta estrategia fue pilotada en un establecimiento educacional de la comuna de Lampa con 78 estudiantes de quinto básico. Para recoger evidencias del pilotaje se utilizaron instrumentos de recolección de información cualitativos, como la entrevista y las retroalimentaciones de pares; y cuantitativos como los registros de mejora del portafolio y los puntajes de rúbricas. El objetivo de este pilotaje fue confirmar o rechazar la hipótesis de que el diseño de una estrategia evaluativa de la escritura de textos informativos con foco en procesos de retroalimentación efectiva aporta a la mejora del desempeño del estudiante en escritura. Una conclusión relevante a partir de los resultados de esta intervención fue que efectivamente la retroalimentación mejora el desempeño de la escritura, sin embargo, se debe seguir fomentando la alfabetización en retroalimentación de pares entre estudiantes para generar mejores resultados. De esta manera, se busca contribuir con una propuesta de estrategia evaluativa con foco en la retroalimentación para que los estudiantes puedan escribir mejor. Al finalizar el trabajo se presenta el posicionamiento profesional de la investigadora, donde se realiza una reflexión sobre el trabajo en sí, sobre el aporte del trabajo colaborativo y sobre la transferencia del TFE al campo profesional.
El profesional de Asuntos Estudiantiles: desafíos en la vida y en las leyes
Authors:   , Marzolo Ojeda Gino Santino
Published: July 2024

En Chile, existen preocupantes índices de salud mental en los estudiantes de educación superior en general, y en Derecho en particular. El remedial para ello es el Profesional de Asuntos Estudiantiles, quien según la literatura especializada si está enfocado en la contención y acompañamiento, propende no solo a una mejora en su sentir sino que incluso cualitativa y cuantitativamente en todas las dimensiones de la experiencia universitaria. Al analizar las principales escuelas de derecho nacionales, y entrevistar a personas que tengan estas labores en las mismas, se concluye que producto de que muchas veces este cargo suele estar bajo el yugo de las autoridades de cada facultad, y/o no tiene supervigilancia directa de la DAE central, se produce una descoordinación y conflicto de intereses, más aun pensando que en la mayor parte de los casos, este actor es además docente. Se sigue comprendiendo el cargo como un ente administrativo-burocrático más, y como forma parte en muchos casos de las autoridades de la escuela, no será fácil que la fisonomía universitaria renuncie a esta cuota de poder. Sin embargo, el hecho de que paulatinamente se haya ido perfilando el cargo, y que de forma casi transversal los problemas de salud mental han adquirido especial atención en nuestra sociedad, se puede tender a pensar que informes como éste poco a poco irán acuñando el material necesario para que el cargo se dedique de forma si no es exclusiva, al menos preponderante en lo que hace mejor: Contener y acompañar a los estudiantes para que su experiencia en la institución sea lo más llevadera posible, y no se sientan huérfanos/as dentro de ella.
Become what you are. Søren Kierkegaard and Carl Gustav Jung on Freedom in Self-becoming
Authors:   , de Arteaga Gallinal Santiago
Published: July 2024

This dissertation explores the theoretical parallels between Søren Kierkegaard and CarlJung regarding the structure of the self, individuation, and the role of freedom in humanexistence, despite Jung's initial reservations and criticisms of Kierkegaard's work. WhileJung's references to Kierkegaard have been scarce and critical, recent scholarship suggestsa deeper connection between their ideas. This research contends that both Kierkegaardand Jung perceive the human condition from the standpoint of fundamentalanthropologies, emphasizing the search for individuality and the exercise of freedom.Kierkegaard and Jung share the view that the self is a reality to be posited and constituted,with freedom being a central element in the process of self-realization. Kierkegaardhighlights the paradoxical nature of freedom, distinguishing it from mere free will,whereas Jung sees freedom as a complex interplay between the ego and the unconscious,integral to the process of individuation. Despite differences in terminology and theoreticalframeworks, both thinkers ultimately conceive of freedom as essential to the developmentof selfhood. The dissertation is structured into three parts. Part 1 delves into Kierkegaard'sperspective, focusing on works such as The Sickness Unto Death (1849) and The Conceptof Anxiety (1844), which elucidate his views on selfhood and freedom. Part 2 examinesJung's ideas, drawing from works like Aion: Researches into the Phenomenology of the Self (1951) and The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious (1959), where one can find Jung’s understanding of the Self archetype and discussions on the problem offreedom. Part 3, "The Paradoxical Analogy", offers a comparative exploration ofanalogous themes in Kierkegaard and Jung, emphasizing both similarities and differences in their approaches. The methodology employed is theoretical and bibliographical,involving interpretation and discussion of primary and secondary sources. A dialectical hermeneuticmethod is used to analyze texts, aiming at an understanding of the synchronic relationship between themes while considering diachronic developments. The dissertationargues for a paradoxical understanding of freedom in both Kierkegaard and Jung, challenging conventional interpretations and high lighting the importance of freedom in the pursuit of selfhood. Concerning Kierkegaard, it develops the structure of the self and the opposition between freedom and free will, while, when it comes to Jung, it focuses onthe relation between the ego and the Self archetype, and the axial part freedom playswithin such a relation. Overall, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the philosophical underpinnings of Kierkegaard and Jung's ideas, shedding light on their shared concerns regarding human existence and the quest for individuality.
Descripción y clasificación de errores de traducción de chat GPT en resúmenes académicos
Authors:   , Soto Hernández Nicole Camila
Published: July 2024

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la calidad de traducción automática de Chat GPT enfocada en los errores de traducción que comete. Concretamente, este estudio busca identificar los principales errores que cometen las traducciones del inglés al español de las versiones de Chat GPT3.5 y GPT 4.0 y clasificarlos dentro de una tipología de errores de traducción automática. El corpus de análisis del que se obtuvieron los errores consiste en 72 resúmenes académicos extraídos de la revista Babel, que es una publicación especializada en traducción y lingüística. La identificación de estos errores se enmarca dentro de los conceptos de revisión de Mossop (2014) y consideró como punto de partida una tipología inicial basada en las clasificaciones de errores de traducción automática de Costa et al. (2015) y Popović (2018). La detección de estos errores se realizó de forma manual a partir del contraste del texto fuente con las traducciones al español de ambas versiones de GPT. Luego se analizaron los errores y se etiquetaron en función de la tipología inicial planteada. Al momento de etiquetar los errores se consideró que las categorías disponibles eran insuficientes para contemplar los fenómenos detectados en el corpus, por lo que se propusieron nuevas categorías, principalmente en el ámbito discursivo y terminológico. De esta categorización se deduce que la mayor parte de los errores son de naturaleza discursiva, léxica y terminológica. Además de este análisis, se realizó una comparación entre los resultados de Chat GPT en su versión gratuita, GPT 3.5, y su versión de pago más actualizada, GPT 4.0, puesto que GPT 4.0 promete ser una versión mejorada de la herramienta. Contrario a lo que se podría esperar, se concluyó que ambas versiones no difieren en gran medida. Tanto GPT 3.5 como GPT 4.0 cometen los mismos tipos de errores y los errores principales son los mismos en ambas versiones.
Gender based Variations in Hyoid Bone Dimensions measured using Computed Tomography: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Monteiro A Jenal , Jaseemudheen MM
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Identifying the age and sex of an unknown skull is challenging and crucial. Although forensic anthropology frequently receives fragmentary remains, certain parts are often obtained in great condition. In such conditions, the hyoid bone, which differs in shape and size between both genders, can be utilised to determine gender. Aim: To assess gender-based variations in hyoid bone dimensions using Computed Tomography (CT). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical timebound study was conducted from April 2021 to March 2023 in the Department of Radiodiagnosis at KS Hegde Hospital, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India, consisting of 68 patients, including 34 males and 34 females referred for CT neck within the age range of 20-55 years. From the acquired data, different dimensions such as Hyoid Width (HW), Hyoid Length (HL), and Body Length (BL) of the hyoid bone were measured on 3D images to evaluate gender-related variations. The data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. The Independent sample t-test was used to compare HL, HW, and BL according to gender. Results: The mean HL in males was found to be 36.3±3.3 mm, whereas in females, it measured 30.6±1.9 mm. The mean HW in males was determined to be 41.75±5.1 mm, while in females, it was 35.2±4.5 mm. Furthermore, the mean BL in males was 19.3±2.0 mm, whereas in females, it measured 16.4±1.7 mm. Conclusion: CT measurements of the hyoid bone using 3D images can be a vital tool for gender determination in forensic medicine.
Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Effects on Incidence of Weevil (Cylas spp.), Growth and Yield of Sweet Potato in the Forest, Savannah Transitional Zone of Ghana
Authors: Adams Ibrahim , Essilfie Margaret Esi , Borketey-La Elizer. B.
Published: July 2024

Two field experiments were conducted at the Multipurpose Crop Nursery of the University of Education Winneba, Mampong Ashanti campus during from September, 2017 to December, 2018. The study was aimed at determining the organic and inorganic fertilizer effects on the incidence of weevil (Cylas spp.), on the sequential harvesting and vertical distribution of tubers and the, growth and yield of sweet potatoes in the forest-savannah transitional zone of Ghana. Severe weevil infestation was more prevalent on Ogyatanaa than Ogyefo in the minor season; there was a more severe weevil infestation at the second harvest than at the first harvest in the minor season, In the major season there was more severe weevil infestation on tubers at the first harvest than at the second harvest. Ogyatanaa grown at 5 t/ha Chicken Manure produced the highest number of weevil (Cylas spp.), infested tubers at the first harvest. Ogyatanaa grown at 300 kg/ha N.P.K. produced the lowest number of weevils (Cylas spp.), infestations at the first and second harvests. Ogyatanaa grown at 300 kg/ha N.P.K at a depth of 5cm recorded the highest number of (8) weevils infested tubers at the minor season. At a depth of 10 cm, six (6) tubers were found to be infested, while at a depth of 15 cm and 20 cm the number of infested tubers was found to be four (4) and two (2), respectively at the minor and major seasons. Ogyefo grown with 150 kg/ha N.P.K. + and 2.5 t/ha Chicken Manure produced the lowest level of weevil infestation at a depth of 5 cm, only two weevils and at a 10 cm depth, only one weevil was found at the minor and major seasons. At 15cm and 20cm depths no weevils were found. In the minor and major seasons Ogyefo and Ogyatanaa should be grown with 150 kg/ha N.P.K. and 2.5 t/ha Chicken manure and ridging should be done to bury the tubers deep in the soil, to get longer vertical distribution to produce the lowest level of weevil infestation.
Signaling Theory in Action: How Dividends Affect Shareholder Investment Decisions in Nigerian Deposit Money Banks
Authors: Nworie Gilbert Ogechukwu , Oduche Ikechukwu John , Cyril-Nwuche Okechukwu Ferdinand
Published: July 2024

The study examined how dividends influence shareholder investment decisions in Nigerian listed deposit money banks, thereby testing the applicability of Signaling Theory in this context. Investment decision was measured using the amount of equity shareholding in the bank. Ex-post facto research design was applied on the population of all the thirteen (13) listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study employed purposive sampling to select ten (10) deposit money banks. Secondary data were sourced from the annual report and accounts of the selected listed banks for ten (10) years from 2013 to 2022. The study utilized Pooled least square regression technique with the aid of Eviews statistical software to test the null hypothesis. The finding showed that dividends significantly increased the amount of equity shareholding among listed deposit money banks in Nigeria (p-value = 0.0000). In conclusion, higher dividends not only signals a bank's current financial health but also enhances investor confidence in its future prospects, leading to greater equity shareholding. Therefore, we recommend that managers of deposit money banks in Nigeria should establish and consistently adhere to transparent dividend policies, providing clear criteria for distribution and maintaining a reliable track record of payouts to build investor confidence.
Assessing the Sustainability of Kilongo Forest Reserve under Community-Based Management in Wangingómbe District, Njombe Region, Tanzania
Authors: Kaganga Laison S.
Published: July 2024

Over the past three decades, community forest management regimes, which involve collaborative decision-making for forest resource management, have been the dominant form of forest management in the global south. Among other things, this management regime has been associated with improving both forest conditions and community livelihoods. Recent studies, however, indicate that forests under community-based forest management (CBFM) are decreasing, subjecting them to degradation and complete land use change. This study, therefore, assesses the sustainability of Kilongo Forest Reserve under CBFM in Wangingómbe District, Njombe Region, Tanzania. Data was collected from 90 heads of Kilongo Sub-Village households in the study village of Masaulwa using probability and non-probability approaches through structured interviews, in-depth interviews, and documentary reviews. The results showed that Kilongo Forest Reserve conditions improved noticeably over the 20-year period under CBFM through increased forest density, tree height, and undergrowth diversity. This was due to the existence of rules and regulations, as well as villagers' involvement in forest management. However, with the exception of the increased harvests of honey, the results demonstrate that the improved forest conditions did not significantly improve the livelihoods of the villagers. This is because the trees were not mature enough to produce timber. On the other hand, the forest reserve faced the challenge of animals passing through or grazing within the forest, as well as illegal harvesting of forest resources. It was also noted that the presence of numerous actors, multiple power centres, a village environmental management committee (VEMC) that was neither accountable to the villagers nor under their control, and the unequal distribution of benefits all compromised the effectiveness of Kilongo Forest Reserve. This study concludes that Kilongo Forest Reserve management under CBFM is not sustainable. Thus, to ensure the sustainability of Kilongo Forest Reserve under CBFM, there should be a complete decentralisation in the governance of the forest reserve, and the villagers should reduce their reliance on wood for energy by enabling them to use alternative sources of energy.
The Impact of Technology Use on Young People: A Case Study of Social Media and Internet Usage
Authors: Ramadani Refik
Published: July 2024

This study delves into the impact of the increased use of electronic appliances on the younger generation, particularly focusing on the risks of addiction and mental health issues. The main objectives are to explore the correlation between technology usage and psychological problems among individuals born after 2000, and to assess the influence of educational interventions and parental controls in moderating these effects. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected in line with the findings of the report by GSMA, DOCOMO, and Net Children Go Mobile (2014), which includes data from European countries such as Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Romania, and the UK. The results indicate a strong association between excessive screen time and elevated rates of depression, detachment from reality, and trauma among youth.
Furthermore, the study highlights the necessity for educational institutions to incorporate digital literacy modules into their curricula, which would help students navigate the digital world more responsibly.
Encouraging physical activities and face-to-face social interactions is also recommended to counterbalance the extensive use of screens. Policymakers are urged to develop frameworks that protect young individuals from the adverse effects of prolonged technology exposure, including regulations on screen time, content appropriateness, and online privacy protections.
These recommendations aim to optimize the benefits of technology while minimizing its negative impacts on the younger generation, thus fulfilling the study's objectives and providing a basis for future policy and educational strategies.