bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Translation Equivalence of Hyperbolic Expression used in iPhone 14, iPhone 14 Pro, and iPhone SE 2022 Official Webpages
Authors: Sabila Qotrunnada , Jumanto Jumanto , Asmarani Rahmanti
Published: March 2023

This study aims to recognize the translation equivalence through the translation methods of hyperbolic expressions used in iPhone 14, iPhone 14 Pro, and iPhone SE 2022 official webpages. The data used in this study is the hyperbolic expressions gained from the official webpages of iPhone 14, iPhone 14 Pro and iPhone SE 2022. The research stages applied in this study are analyzing the data based on the qualitative method, adjusting the data with the categories of translation method, determining the categorization of the translation equivalence, organizing an explanation for each finding, and the final step is interpreting and concluding the analysis result. The finding results of hyperbolic expressions used in iPhone 14, iPhone 14 Pro, and iPhone SE 2022 official webpages are single-word hyperbole, phrasal hyperbole, clausal hyperbole, numerical hyperbole, superlative hyperbole, comparison hyperbole, and repetition hyperbole. Translation methods applied in iPhone 14 iPhone 14 Pro, and iPhone SE 2022 official webpages are word-for-word translation, literal translation, faithful translation, semantic translation, adaptation translation, free translation, idiomatic translation, and communicative translation. Translation equivalence strategy used in iPhone 14, iPhone 14 Pro, and iPhone SE 2022 is foreignization. The translator deliberately carries the culture of the source language into the target language to introduce the foreign product to the local society through the description on the webpages.
Adult attachment style and relationship satisfaction during the postnatal period: A systematic review.
Authors: Copland Fern S. , Hunter Simon C. , Siami Matthew
Published: March 2023

Positive partner associations support parental wellbeing. Partner relationship satisfaction, however, often deteriorates postnatally. The Attachment Diathesis-Stress Model suggests that attachment insecurity is linked to distress and interpersonal issues. This systematic review synthesised quantitative and qualitative research focusing on the relationship between attachment orientations and relationship satisfaction in the postnatal period. Study participants had to be biological parents of a child under the age of two. After systematically searching CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES and Web of Science, seven articles were identified for review. Results were screened according to the inclusion criteria, methodological quality was assessed, and data were extracted and presented in a narrative synthesis. All studies reported some form of negative relationship between insecure attachment style and relationship satisfaction following the birth of a baby. A majority of studies also reported that higher attachment anxiety and avoidance scores were related to lower postnatal relationship satisfaction. In the studies examining partner effects, higher attachment anxiety or avoidance also showed a negative correlation with partners’ postnatal relationship satisfaction. Ongoing research is necessary as further understanding of the mechanism of action between attachment insecurity and relationship satisfaction in the postnatal period is required. Findings can inform interventions to support parents in the perinatal period, considering insecure attachment style as a vulnerability factor.
Race, sex, and emotion affect trust of auditory witness testimony
Authors: Forde-Smith Charlene , Feinberg David R.
Published: March 2023

Racial and gender stereotypes influence courtroom decisions such as verdict and sentencing, which typically are harmful to Black defendants. How much a witness is trusted swings the balance in courtroom proceedings, and racial and gender biases are also present in this domain. Our voices convey information about gender, trust, emotion, and stereotypes about race. Trust is predicted by by acoustic properties of the voice such as pitch, speech rate, breathiness, and noisiness. To examine potential biases towards witness credibility in light of stereotypes of how Black and white men and women might speak, participants rated whether they trusted audio recordings differing in emotion, sex, and race, speaking “That is exactly what happened”. We found that trust ratings varied significantly between sex and race when voices sounded angry, fearful, and neutral, but not when voices sounded disgusted or sad. Acoustic properties of the voice had different influences on trust ratings when Black and white men and women spoke with different emotions. Uncovering such biases that may occur in a courtroom setting is crucial to ensure all individuals receive equitable treatment in the criminal justice system.
Individualised COgnitive and Motor learning for the Elderly (ICOME): A guiding framework for enhancing motor learning performance
Authors: Chan Russell Weili , van der Lubbe Rob , Immink Maarten , Verwey Willem
Published: March 2023

As we approach a future whereby elder adults aged >65 make up more than 50% of the population in many developed countries, the ability to retain and relearn motor functions is a key outcome of health and wellbeing to maintain an active quality of life. We consider a generic approach for learning and managing motor functions less effective for the wide-ranging differences in motor capacities in the ageing population and hypothesise an increased beneficial influence of using an individualised learning approach instead. In this theory and hypothesis manuscript, we present evidence, provide neurobiologically plausible mechanisms and formulate predictions to support our approach. Firstly, we outline the neurobiology of aging and cover the cognitive control considerations from well-established theoretical motor learning frameworks. Differences in motor sequence learning between elder adults and younger adults are also outlined. An important consideration is that different states of cognitive control can be induced, and we specifically explain why open-monitoring meditation is a suitable approach in the case of elder adults. Combining these, we then present our modelling guidelines for sensorimotor rhythms of synchronisation and desynchronisation of alpha and beta bandwidths during motor sequence learning. Lastly, we formulate specific hypotheses and predictions based on the presented information to support the direction of our Individualised COgnitive and Motor learning for the Elderly (ICOME) research program. **This is an early first final draft of the manuscript, circa early 2021**
Mapping visual working memory models to a theoretical framework
Authors: Ngiam William Xiang Quan
Published: March 2023

The body of research on visual working memory (VWM) – the system often described as a limited memory store of visual information in service of ongoing tasks – is growing rapidly. The discovery of numerous related phenomena, and the many subtly different definitions of working memory, signify a challenge to maintain a coherent theoretical framework to discuss concepts, compare models and design studies. A lack of robust theory development has been a noteworthy concern in the psychological sciences, thought to be a precursor to the reproducibility crisis (Oberauer & Lewandowsky, 2019). I review the theoretical landscape of the VWM field by examining two prominent debates – whether VWM is object-based or feature-based, and whether discrete-slots or variable-precision best describe VWM limits. I share my concerns about the dualistic nature of these debates and the lack of clear model specification that prevents fully determined empirical tests. In hopes of promoting theory development, I provide a working theory map by using the broadly encompassing Memory for Latent Representations model (Hedayati et al., 2022) as a scaffold for relevant phenomena and current theories. I illustrate how opposing viewpoints can be brought into accordance, situating leading models of VWM to better identify their differences and improve their comparison. The hope is that the theory map will help VWM researchers get on the same page – clarifying hidden intuitions and aligning varying definitions – and become a useful device for meaningful discussions, development of models, and definitive empirical tests of theories.
School leaders’ self-efficacy and job satisfaction over nine annual waves: A substantive-methodological synergy juxtaposing competing models of directional ordering
Authors: Marsh Herb
Published: March 2023

Highlights 1.The school principal’s job is becoming increasingly demanding and complex, but their well-being is under-studied.2.Job satisfaction and self-efficacy are key constructs for school principal’s well-being.3.Research assumes self-efficacy leads to job satisfaction but is untested.4.School-leader job satisfaction and self-efficacy are reciprocally related over time.5.Methodologically we critique and juxtapose competing statistical models of reciprocal effects.6.Our study is a substantive-methodological synergy of strong data, methodology, theory & implications. The school principal’s job is increasingly demanding and complex, but school-principal well-being is understudied. Self-efficacy and job satisfaction are critical constructs for studying school principals’ well-being, and self-efficacy is a core predictor of job satisfaction. Cross-sectional research typically assumes a unidirectional ordering; self-efficacy predicts (and leads to) job satisfaction, not the reverse. However, this unidirectional ordering is inconsistent with theoretical models positing a bidirectional (reciprocal) ordering. Furthermore, the assumption is largely untested with appropriate longitudinal data and statistical models. We evaluated the directional ordering of job satisfaction and self-efficacy for a large (N = 5663), nationally representative, longitudinal (nine annual waves) sample of Australian school leaders. Job satisfaction and self-efficacy were moderately correlated within waves and over time. Consistently with theoretical models and a priori predictions, the two constructs were reciprocally related over time; prior measures of each had small statistically positive effects on subsequent measures of the other, with no evidence of directional predominance of one over the other. Support for reciprocal effects was remarkably consistent across competing cross-lag-panel models, multiple tests of the consistency of effects over time (measurement invariance and stationarity), control for covariates, and the addition of lag-2 paths. Methodologically, we critique competing models that estimate cross-lagged effects and evaluate directional ordering from within and between-person perspectives. We demonstrate the value of both approaches in achieving a robust framework for assessing longitudinal panel models.. Our substantive-methodological synergy has important substantive implications for theory, policy, and practice—showing that school-leader job satisfaction and selfefficacy are mutually reinforcing.
Nothing ventured, nothing gained: The impact of enjoyment and boredom on willingness to communicate in online foreign language classrooms
Authors: Fattahi Nazila , Ebn-Abbasi Faramarz , Botes Elouise , Nushi Musa
Published: March 2023

Although the role of emotions in English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ willingness to communicate (WTC) has triggered abundant research in traditional, in-person language classes, little is known about how these emotions affect learners’ communication behavior in online classrooms. Adopting a mixed-method design, the present study investigated the effect of foreign language boredom (FLB) and foreign language enjoyment (FLE) on EFL learners’ L2 WTC in online classrooms. The data gathered through an online survey from 469 EFL learners were analyzed through multiple linear regression, dominance analysis, and mediation analysis. The findings revealed that FLB had a considerably strong effect on L2 WTC, although this effect was to some extent diminished by FLE, FLB overshadowed learners’ online learning experience. To gain a deeper understanding of the relationship among these variables, qualitative data was gathered from 20 participants through semi-structured interviews. The findings further supported the quantitative data and suggested that the learners believed the problems they faced in online classrooms led to boredom and discouraged them from engaging in communication. The findings are discussed in terms of implications for teachers to improve the experience of online English education.
Making Preregistration Accessible: An R Package to Make Machine-Readable Preregistrations and Create New Preregistration Forms
Authors: van Eijk Nikki Lyka , Jiao Hui , Peters Gjalt - Jorn Ygram
Published: March 2023

Preregistration, the practice of publicly depositing comprehensive plans for a study prior to data collection, has many benefits, such as facilitating planning, making it easier to identify certain biases, or even directly ameliorate certain biases, such as publication bias. However, the present preregistration landscape leaves some room for improvement. First, preregistration forms are administered by a select few organizations, which constrains methodological and epistemic diversity. This can be brought more in line with the democratic principles underlying Open Science by making it easy for anybody to create preregistration forms. Second, preregistration forms are not machine-readable, requiring resource-intensive and error-prone work to be compiled into a dataset analysable for meta-scientific purposes. We present {preregr}, an R package allowing anybody to create a preregistration form. We explain how to use it, briefly illustrate this at the hand of the Inclusivity & Diversity Add-on for preregistration forms, and describe a number of methods that can be used to arrive at new preregistration forms with their benefits and drawbacks.
Open-Mindedness Interventions: An Integrative Review
Authors: LIEBERMAN MATTHEW D. , DIEFFENBACH MACRINA , Dolbier Stephanie Y.
Published: March 2023

Partisan animosity has been growing in the U.S. and around the world over the past few decades, fueling efforts by researchers and practitioners to help heal the divide. Many studies have been conducted to test interventions that aim to promote open-mindedness; however, these studies have been conducted in disparate literatures that do not always use the same terminology. In this review, we integrate research on open-mindedness in order to facilitate cross-talk and collaboration between disciplines. Moreover, we offer a conceptual model to help guide the further development of interventions and research to understand open-mindedness. We propose that open-mindedness is multi-faceted and dynamic, such that interventions should focus on targeting multiple psychological pathways in order to maximize and sustain their effects. Specifically, we propose that interventions that target cognitive and/or motivational pathways can induce open-mindedness initially. Then, training in emotion regulation and/or social skills can help to sustain and build on open-mindedness once individuals enter into a situation where their beliefs are challenged. We conclude with a discussion of potential future directions for research on open-mindedness interventions.
Disentangling the Long-term Positive Effects of School-Average SES and Negative Effects of School-Average Achievement: A Substantive-Methodological Synergy
Authors: Marsh Herb , Pekrun Reinhard
Published: March 2023

Disentangling the Long-term Positive Effects of School-Average SES and Negative Effects of School-Average Achievement: A Substantive-Methodological SynergyWe juxtapose compositional (positive and negative) effects of school-average achievement and school-average socioeconomic status (SES) on academic self-concept (ASC), final high-school grade-point-average, and long-term outcomes at age 26, controlling for an extensive set of background variables (gender, age, ethnicity, academic track, risk). We used doubly-latent multilevel compositional models with a large, nationally representative longitudinal sample (16,197 Year-10 students from 751 US high schools). At the individual-student level, the effects of achievement, SES, ASC, and grade-point-average were consistently positive on long-term outcomes. However, mostly consistent with a priori theoretical predictions and prior school-compositional research:●School-average achievement compositional effects were significantly adverse for ASC, grade-point-average, and educational and occupational expectations (but non-significant for final attainment). ●School-average SES composition effects were positive for ASC, educational and occupational expectations, and attainment (but nonsignificant for grade-point-average);●Long-term compositional effects were mediated in part by ASC and particularly grade-point-averageJuxtaposing our research and our review of recent studies, we replicate and extend Göllner et al.'s (2018) highly controversial conclusion regarding the benefits of schools with high school-average SES but low school-average achievement and relate our research to Luthar et al.’s (2020) finding of adverse mental health problems associated with attending high-achieving schools. Moreover, we demonstrate that positive school-average SES effects are distinguishable from adverse school-average achievement effects. Our results have important implications for theory and methodology, but also parents' selection of schools for their children and policy regarding the structure of schools (a substantive-methodological synergy).
Training volitional control of the theory of mind network with real-time fMRI neurofeedback
Authors: Saxena Abhishek , Shovestul Bridget , Dudek Emily , Reda Stephanie , Venkataraman Arun , Lamberti J. Steven , Dodell-Feder David
Published: March 2023

Is there a way improve our ability to understand the minds of others? Towards addressing this question, here, we conducted a single-arm, proof-of-concept study to evaluate whether real-time fMRI neurofeedback (rtfMRI-NF) from the temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) leads to volitional control of the neural network subserving theory of mind (ToM; the process by which we attribute and reason about the mental states of others). As additional aims, we evaluated the strategies used to self-regulate the network and whether volitional control of the ToM network was moderated by participant characteristics and associated with improved performance on behavioral measures. Sixteen participants underwent fMRI while completing a task designed to individually-localize the TPJ, and then three separate rtfMRI-NF scans during which they completed multiple runs of a training task while receiving intermittent, activation-based feedback from the TPJ, and one run of a transfer task in which no neurofeedback was provided. A priori region-of-interest analyses demonstrated volitional control in most regions during the training tasks and during the transfer task, although the effects were smaller in magnitude and not observed in one of the neurofeedback targets for the transfer task. Text analysis demonstrated that volitional control was most strongly associated with thinking about prior social experiences when up-regulating the neural signal. Analysis of behavioral performance and brain-behavior associations largely did not reveal behavior changes except for a positive association between volitional control in RTPJ and changes in performance on one ToM task. Together, this study demonstrates the feasibility of training volitional control of a social cognitive brain network, which may have clinical applications.
Towards a Generative Model for Emotion Dynamics
Authors: Ryan Oisín , Dablander Fabian , Haslbeck Jonas M B
Published: March 2023

Most theories of emotion suggest that emotions are reactions to situations we encounter in daily life. Process theories of emotion further specify a feedback loop between our environment, attention, emotions, and action that clarifies the adaptive nature of emotions. In principle, such process theories describe how emotions develop in daily life, and consequently, emotion measures collected from individuals many times a day in studies using the Experience Sampling Methodology (ESM) should be highly useful in advancing these theories. However, current emotion theories are predominantly verbal theories and therefore do not make clear predictions about such data. In this paper, we take a first step towards a generative model of emotion dynamics by formalizing the link between situations and emotions, which provides us with a basic generative model of emotions in daily life. We show that this incomplete model already reproduces nine empirical phenomena in emotion time series related to (temporal) statistical associations between emotions and their distributional form. We then discuss how we can draw on existing (process) theories of emotion to extend our basic model into a complete generative model of emotion dynamics. Finally, we discuss how generative models of emotion dynamics can facilitate theory development and advance measurement, study design, and statistical analysis.
Is it time to stock up? Understanding panic buying during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rune Karina , Keech Jacob J
Published: March 2023

Background: Lockdowns to reduce the spread of COVID-19 have triggered sharp increases in consumer purchasing behaviour, labelled panic buying. Panic buying has detrimental consequences as it leads to product shortages and disrupts supply chains, forcing retailers to adopt quotas to manage demand. Developing an understanding of the psychological correlates of panic buying can provide targets for public messaging aimed at curbing the behaviour.Objective: The study aimed to identify the psychological, individual difference, and demo- graphic factors associated with increased purchasing of non-perishable, cleaning, and hygiene products during COVID-19 lockdowns in Australia.Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design (N = 790) with online survey measures administered to community members in Australia during April and May 2020. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling.Results: Structural equation models revealed that 1) attitudes, subjective norms, and risk perceptions predicted increased purchasing of non-perishable products; 2) attitudes, risk perceptions, social anxiety sensitivity, and the non-impulsivity facet of trait self-control predicted increased purchasing of hygiene products; and 3) attitudes and risk perceptions predicted increased purchasing of cleaning products.Conclusion: Findings provide an understanding of the factors that were associated with panic buying during COVID-19 lockdowns in Australia. Future studies should investigate whether messages designed to influence risk perceptions, attitudes, and subjective norms are effective in curbing the behaviour.
Discussion Paper - Kebijakan Publik
Authors: afandi syed agung
Published: March 2023

Kebijakan merupakan serangkaian tindakan atau kegiatan yang diusulkan seseorang, kelompok, atau pemerintah dalam suatu lingkungan tertentu dimana terdapat hambatan-hambatan (kesulitan-kesulitan) dan kesempatan-kesempatan terhadap pelaksanaan usulan kebijaksanaan tersebut dalam rangka mencapai tujuan tertentu.
Investigation of nutrition knowledge levels of basketball coaches working in Karaman city center
Authors: AKTAŞ Samet , AKTURFAN Mustafa
Published: March 2023

Adequate and balanced nutrition is to advance success in a positive way. Adequate and balanced nutrition is necessary for the energy and mental well-being required during training and competition. Individuals with sufficient nutritional knowledge know-how, where, and how much they should get the nutrients they need while doing sports. The most important resource about nutrition education for athletes is known as trainers. The nutritional knowledge levels of trainers are important in this context. This study was carried out to determine the nutritional knowledge levels of basketball coaches working in the 2021/2022 basketball season in the city center of Karaman. The universe of the research consists of basketball coaches who have signed contracts for the 2021/2022 season in the clubs located in the city center of Karaman. In order to examine the nutrition knowledge level of the trainers, the questionnaire form, which included a socio-demographic information Question in the first part and a Question on the analysis of the nutrition knowledge level in the second part, was applied using. In the qualitative research method, it was applied with a face-to-face interview technique. Questionnaire the questions were created by making use of previous scientific studies and were examined by three experts working in the nutrition-dietetics department and the gastronomy and culinary arts department. At the end of the study, it was determined that the trainers should give correct information about nutrition to the athletes before, during, and after the training and competition, and therefore they should receive in-service training at certain intervals in order to improve their nutrition.
Utopías de lenguaje y ternura: Sobre la poesía sefardí de Juan Gelman y Juan Andrés García Román
Authors: Navarro Ramírez Sergio
Published: March 2023

This article compares the Sephardic poetry written by two poets whose mother tongue is not Judeo-Spanish but Spanish: Juan Gelman (Buenos Aires, 1930) and Juan Andrés García Román (Granada, 1979). The historical and geographical contexts in which each of them writes
are very different. Nonetheless, Gelman and García Román find in the Sephardic language an ideal language, capable of saying everything the authors cannot say in any other way. The essay, therefore, analyses the construction of Sephardic as a utopian language and the role that
this construction plays in the aesthetic trajectory of Gelman and García Román.
Profile and Role of Serum Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Testicular-Axis Hormones on Sexual Function of Older Men with Type-2 Diabetes
Authors: Adejumo Babatunde Ishola Gabriel , Umahi-ottah Grace , Oyakhire Fidelis , Aiyegbusi Olufunke Victoria , Dimkpa Uchechukwu , Abdulrahman Oladimeji Nasiru , Akhaumere Emmanuel Ojeideleko , Uzor Simon
Published: March 2023

Little information is available on the complex endocrinology of sexual dysfunction, which is frequently associated with ageing and diabetes. We wanted to examine the serum profile of hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular-axis (HPTA) hormones and how they relate to sexual function in older men with type-2 diabetes. This study included 74 participants (44 type-2 diabetics and 30 healthy controls). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to measure serum levels of total testosterone (Te), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin (PRL). Compared to controls, diabetic patients had significantly higher FSH and PRL levels but lower Te levels. Testosterone was found to be significantly correlated with sexual intercourse frequency (p<0.01), erectile function, and libido (p< 0.001). We discovered significant (p < 0.001) relationships between libido, penile erection, and FSH, as well as between PRL and libido (p< 0.05). When compared to the other hormones, testosterone had the strongest associations with the frequency of sexual intercourse (p< 0.05), libido (p< 0.05), and penile erection (p< 0.01). Our findings indicated that HPTA hormones might have a significant influence on sexual functions in type-2 diabetic patients, with Te being the most important HPTA hormone influencing sexual functions in diabetic patients. This study, therefore, helps to clarify the complex endocrinology and physiology of the sexual dysfunction frequently observed in older men with type-2 diabetes and also supports the use of testosterone replacement therapy in older diabetic adults.
loose Seton in management of high anal fistula.
Authors: Sagban Nabeel J.
Published: March 2023

Background: The treatment of high anal fistulae needs to meet a balance of cure and continence. There are many surgical treatment options available for high fistula-in-ano. The best surgical operation for high anal fistulas is difficult to define because they have varying cure and incontinence rates. A loose Seton is a loop of flexible material (silastic tube, silk, and nylon) placed through the fistulous track to allow drainage by keeping the external skin opening patent. Some surgeons use the loose Seton to allow drainage and others believe that it promotes healing by inducing fibrosisObjective: To check the efficacy of loose Seton in the management of high anal fistulas.Patient and method: A prospective study of 26 patients with high anal fistula managed by loose Seton placement between February- 2009 and February-2010 in 3rd surgical unit, fifth floor, Baghdad teaching Hospital The seton is removed after 3 months in outpatient clinic, follow up for 6 months.Results: Out of 26 patients, 23 were males and 3 were females, the male to female ratio was 7.7:1. Peak occurrence was noted between 30 to 40 years. Minor incontinence was noted in two patients, those patients lost control of flatus which persisted for 4 months. No fecal incontinence noticed in any patient. .In 21 patient the fistulas were successfully eliminated (Success rate =81%) by loose Seton treatment alone, while fistula recurs in five patients (Failure rate =19%).Conclusion: The use of one stage loose Seton is safe and effective in the treatment of high anal fistula.
Relation between Gallbladder Wall Thickness, Assessed by Sonography, and Difficulties in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Alamiri Majeed H. , Adwan Muthanna K .
Published: March 2023

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standard treatment for symptomatic gallbladder disease. Preoperative prediction of a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy can help the surgeon to prepare better for intraoperative risk and the risk of conversion to open cholecystectomy.Objectives: Evaluation of the influence of gallbladder wall thickness, assessed by sonography preoperatively, on the outcome of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and to evaluate any intra- or postoperative complications in relation to them.Patients and Methods: This prospective clinical trial conducted in Department of Surgery, Al-yarmouk Teaching Hospital, between October 2010 and October 2012.Abdominal sonography performed in 122 consecutive patients before laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The surgeon re-verified sonographic findings in the operating room.Difficulty of laparoscopy was evaluated with multiple parameters related to the gall bladder wall thickness, so classified as easy or difficult laparoscopy or conversion.Results: Out of 122 patients with cholecystolithiasis on sonography, we encountered straight forward laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 87 patients (71.31%), difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 27 (22.13%) and the procedure was converted to open cholecystectomy in 8 patients (6.55%). 47 patients(38.5%) had sonography revealing gallbladder wall thickness (>3 mm), and 75 patients (61.47%) had wall thickness < 3mm .Conclusions: Gallbladder wall thickening is the most sensitive indicator of technical difficulties during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Such difficulties may require conversion to Laparotomy.
The Efficacy of Solifenacin Added to Α-Adrenergic Antagonists in the Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Males with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (The Iraqi Experience)
Authors: AL-Hamdani Nibbras I. , Daraji Saad D. , Zeki Ali W.
Published: March 2023

symptoms/Benign prostate hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) raises the possibility that a combination of α-adrenergic blocker therapy with anticholinergic therapy could both reduce the risk of retention or deteriorating bladder function and also add to the treatment of the remaining obstructive symptoms of LUTS/BPH.Objective: Is to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of 5mg solifenacin in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia in combination with an alpha-blocker.Patients and methods: This is a prospective study of 29 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia already on alpha-blockers, given solifenacin 5mg once daily. International prostate symptom score (IPSS), patient micturition diaries, quality of life index (QOL), post-void residual urine (PVR) and maximum flow rate (Qmax) and urodynamic findings were recorded before and after three months of therapy. Adverse events were documented.Results: At baseline, the total IPSS was 15.3+5.7 that decreased to 10.8+5.3 (net change -4.5, P value <0.03). Although the mean IPSS for voiding symptoms was not significant, significant change was noted in the storage symptoms (from 8.4+2.4 to 5.1+2.5 P value <0.001). The quality of life index was significantly improved for the patients enrolled from 4.4+1.4 to 2.8+1.3. The maximum flow rate increased from 11.6+5.7 to 14.3+6.1 with a net change of +2.7 ml/sec (P value <0.01) ml/sec. Two patients stopped the medication because of side effects. The side effects included dry mouth (17.24%) followed by constipation (6.90%) then headache and blurred vision (3.45%) for each. No urine retention developed in any patient.Conclusions: The use of solifenacin in selected cases in the treatment of LUTS in patients with BPH is highly effective addition to alpha-blockers
Treatment of Forty Adult Patients with Hodgkin Disease; Baghdad Teaching Hospital Experience
Authors: Abbas Mohammed S. , Naji Alaadin S. , AL - Saffar Ahmed A. , Shubbar Mazin A. , Matti Bassam F. , Siwan Adil , Majeed Ammar F. , Jawad Ali M.
Published: March 2023

Background: Hodgkin disease was the first cancer in which the curative potential of combination chemotherapy was demonstrated. The affected patients are often young and there is a great potential for adding years of productive life by giving curative therapy even when the disease is advanced.Objective: to describe the experience of the hematology unit,Baghdad Teaching Hospital, in the management of 40 adult patients with Hodgkin disease.Patients and Methods: a retrospective cohort study of forty adult Iraqi patients with Hodgkin disease between 2005 and 2013 in the hematology unit. Patients were treated initially with 6-8 cycles of ABVD chemotherapy protocol (doxorubicine+ bleomycin+ vinblastin+ dacarbazine) , nine patients received additional involved field radiotherapy for residual masses or bulky disease. Overall survival and progression free survivals were estimated using Kaplan Meier survival plot.Results: The mean age was 28.6±12.88 years with females forming 61.5% of patients, mean duration of follow up was 27.9± 20.6 months. Staging showed that 55% and 27.5% had stage II and III respectively. B symptoms were found in 72.5% patients , bulky disease in 42.5% patients. Complete Response+ Complete Response undetermined was seen in 85% of cases. First Relapse occurred in 14%, and death in 7.5% of the patients. The 8 year overall survival and progression free survival were 82% and 50% respectively while the mean overall survival and progression free survival times were 84.7 and 59.9 months respectively.Conclusion: The results of the treatment of adult patients with Hodgkin disease in our unit is rather comparable to the results from other studies.
Improved deep convolutional dictionary learning with no noise parameter for low-dose CT image processing
Authors: Wang Lei , Liu Yi , Wu Rui , Yan Rongbiao , Liu Yuhang , Chen Yang , Yang Chunfeng , Gui Zhiguo
Published: March 2023

Background: Low-Dose computed tomography (LDCT) reduces radiation damage to patients, however, the reconstructed images contain severe noise, which affects doctors’ diagnosis of the disease. The convolutional dictionary learning has the advantage of the shift-invariant property. The deep convolutional dictionary learning algorithm (DCDicL) combines deep learning and convolutional dictionary learning, which has great suppression effects on Gaussian noise. However, applying DCDicL to LDCT images cannot get satisfactory results. Objective: To address this challenge, this study proposes and tests an improved deep convolutional dictionary learning algorithm for LDCT image processing and denoising. Methods: First, we use a modified DCDicL algorithm to improve the input network and make it do not need to input noise intensity parameter. Second, we use DenseNet121 to replace the shallow convolutional network to learn the prior on the convolutional dictionary, which can obtain more accurate convolutional dictionary. Last, in the loss function, we add MSSIM to enhance the detail retention ability of the model. Results: The experimental results on the Mayo dataset show that the proposed model obtained an average value of 35.2975 dB in PSNR, which is 0.2954 –1.0573 dB higher than the mainstream LDCT algorithm, indicating the excellent denoising performance. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that the proposed new algorithm can effectively improve the quality of LDCT images acquired in the clinical practice.
Recent Progress on Exosomes in the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Juanzi , Liu Tianlong , Liu Minna
Published: March 2023

Prostate cancer (Pca) is the second common cancer in men worldwide. Although prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screen can serve as a diagnostic marker in most of the patients with Pca, its diagnostic specificity is insufficient, and the false positive rate can result in unnecessary biopsy increasing pain and treatment costs in patients. Exosomes are source for mRNA, microRNA, non-encoded RNA, protein, and lipids. In recent years, exosome are used for assessment of tumors and serve as tumor markers for early diagnosis and disease prognosis. This article highlights the application of exosomes in connection with diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of Pca.
Percepciones de la atención a la diversidad en la enseñanza mediante tecnologías digitales
Authors: Fernández Delgado Laura Beatriz , Martínez Chairez Guadalupe Iván
Published: March 2023

La pandemia por la COVID-19 ha puesto en jaque a la inclusión en las aulas, ya que se invisibilizan situaciones tales como la desigualdad en el uso de tecnologías. El propósito de la investigación es develar cómo se manifiesta la enseñanza inclusiva y la atención a la diversidad en escenarios digitales. Participan docentes de educación básica y superior de las ciudades de Camargo, Chihuahua, Delicias y Juárez, del estado de Chihuahua, quienes conforman una muestra de tipo intencional no probabilística. Se aplica un enfoque cualitativo y un estudio de caso. La recolección de datos es por medio de entrevistas. Entre los resultados destacan dificultades de acceso a internet, poca atención diferenciada en estilos y ritmos de aprendizaje, resistencia a la digitalización e insuficientes ajustes razonables. Se concluye que existe riesgo de exclusión en la enseñanza y limitada atención a la diversidad en la era digital.
La violencia oculta en alumnas de educación superior
Authors: Yaber Patiño Juana Yanira , Sotelo Reséndez César Eduardo
Published: March 2023

La violencia de género hacia las mujeres es un problema social que ha generado gran interés en las instituciones de educación superior (IES) de México. Actualmente, estudiantes de sexo femenino se manifiestan en contra de la violencia de género a través de diferentes acciones como marchas públicas, denuncias anónimas en buzones de quejas y en redes sociales, para denunciar la violencia en sus diferentes manifestaciones como son el acoso y el hostigamiento sexual por parte de alumnos o profesores respectivamente. Este estudio se llevó a cabo en la Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, sede en Saltillo, Coahuila (UAAAN), que tuvo como objetivo determinar el grado de violencia en sus diferentes manifestaciones en la población estudiantil de sexo femenino en nivel licenciatura. Para el estudio se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 9 de 14 carreras impartidas en la sede, el instrumento de medición consistió en una encuesta que abordó la inequidad de género, la violencia psicológica, verbal, cibernética y docente. Se aplicó el instrumento en formato electrónico a un total de 110 alumnas que cursaban octavo y noveno semestres. En el estudio se encontró que el 70% de las alumnas encuestadas reportaron haber sufrido inequidad de género, el 34.5% violencia psicológica, el 80% violencia a través del lenguaje, el 15.5% violencia cibernética y el 60.9% violencia docente. Se concluye que en la UAAAN existe inequidad de género hacia las alumnas quienes además sufrieron los tipos de violencia estudiados.
¿Cómo son los ambientes laborales y las relaciones interpersonales en los centros educativos?
Authors: Herrera Mendoza Renzo Eduardo , Arzola Franco David Manuel , Rangel Ledezma Yunuen Socorro
Published: March 2023

Las relaciones interpersonales en ambientes educativos son diferentes a lo que se observa en otras organizaciones. Esta investigación hace un análisis de un grupo de docentes de diversos niveles de enseñanza para poder conocer cómo se relacionan entre sí. En este reporte de investigación se muestran resultados de docentes de ocho centros educativos (uno de preescolar, cuatro de primaria, uno de secundaria, uno de media superior y uno de superior) respecto al ambiente laboral y sus relaciones interpersonales en el desarrollo de actividades escolares. El objetivo fue conocer la manera como viven los docentes las relaciones interpersonales dentro de sus instituciones. Con un enfoque interpretativo, bajo el método etnográfico se realizaron 22 entrevistas no estructuradas con docentes de estos niveles en los municipios de Saucillo y Delicias del estado de Chihuahua, México. Se concluye que en estas interacciones hay aspectos que favorecen, como saludarse, empatía e integrarse más allá del trabajo, pero en aspectos que no favorecen destacan áreas comunes, roces personales, así como horas libres que no les generan algún ingreso, para el caso de docentes de secundaria, media superior y superior. En lo referente al ambiente laboral, se percibe el gusto por ser docente y la labor que se desempeña, y resaltan aspectos importantes como respeto, cordialidad, apoyo, disposición, colaboración, trabajo, otros aspectos en el sentido de intereses, sindicato, dispersión, aislamiento, adaptación, así como aquellos que no pertenecen a ningún grupo afín.
Examining the Nexus between External Debt and Economic Growth in Bangladesh: An ARDL-ECM Approach
Authors: Ahmed Imtiaz , Anjum Mobasshir , Hasan Md Mahmudul , Seikdear Sahabuddin Ahmed
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to examine the nexus between external debt and economic growth in Bangladesh for periods ranging from 1973 to 2019. Time-series econometric techniques of Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) and Error Correction Method (ECM) are utilized in empirical analysis to investigate whether short-run and long-run dynamics exist between external debt and the growth of Bangladesh. Findings derived from the analysis reveal a long-run association between external debt and Bangladesh's economic growth. The error correction method also points out long-run adjustment if any disequilibrium arises in a period in the short run. The study recommends maintaining a stable position of overseas debt and ensuring compatible investment conditions for domestic and foreign investors.
IUBAT Review—A Multidisciplinary Academic Journal, 5 (1): 26-34
Sin and Punishment in The Scarlet Letter: A Feminist Perspective
Authors: Ahmed Sheikh Saifullah , Hossain Kazi Imran
Published: March 2023

In this article, Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, which is set in the Puritan society of Boston in the middle of the seventeenth century, is subjected to a close and in-depth analysis. Within the realm of feminist studies, one of the most important topics to discuss is the way in which female characters are portrayed in works of fiction. The female protagonist of the novel is Hester Prynne whose sin and receiving punishment and, therefore, her self-development without being reliant on her male counterparts for livelihood, with ups and downs in the patriarchal society and being ostracized are taken into account for this study. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that the narrative does not adhere to the antiquated norms of patriarchal heritage in its depiction of women; rather, it is a protest against the constraints that society places on women at the time it was written. A qualitative content analysis method is adopted to investigate the representation of female characters in this narrative. The portrayal of Hester Prynne and Pearl is explored through the lens of feminist stance for the possibility that it challenges conventional practices. It clarifies the author’s stance in the patriarchal setting. Thus, this study conducts a rigorous analysis of the traditional patriarchal and stereotypical portrayals of the woman in literature and suggests reconsideration of the long-held patriarchal practices of representing women in fiction.
IUBAT Review—A Multidisciplinary Academic Journal, 5 (1): 35-43
COVID-19's Impact on Human Resource Management strategy: A Review Study
Authors: Khan Reefat Arefin
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 outbreak poses challenges for organizations as many external environmental objects are changing. It raises the importance of Human resource management (HRM) strategy as the HRM strategy works to motivate the employees and develops the workforce. The methodology used in this research is general literature review which shows the analysis of most recent articles, research papers and scientific study. The aim of this research is to identify HRM activities during COVID-19 pandemic and the way HRM develops their strategy to match their strategy with the organizational strategy to shove the business towards their goals. In the light of COVID-19, employee anxiety is increasing due to the deterioration of economic conditions, as well as an increase in the unemployment rate, and the number of businesses is congested. COVID-19 pandemic situation modify the Organizational strategy and HR strategy, and organizational critical goals are transform by COVID-19 pandemic situation.
IUBAT Review—A Multidisciplinary Academic Journal, 5 (1): 44-53
A Review on Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete by Three Supplementary Materials
Authors: Basit Md Abdul , Islam Md Monirul , Ahmed Md Syekat , Paul Suvash Chandra , Hasan Noor Md Sadiqul
Published: March 2023

This paper explores the consequence of replacing cement by fly ash, rice husk ash and lime in concrete. For widespread use of these supplementary materials, it is important to ensure the quality of resultant concrete. In this paper literature related with workability, density, compressive strength, flexural strength and splitting tensile strength are analyzed. Main advantages and drawbacks of using these materials in terms of engineering properties are mentioned. Another aim of this review is to identify major research needed in this field to use these materials worldwide given that concrete is the most extensively used man-made material.
IUBAT Review—A Multidisciplinary Academic Journal, 5 (1): 54-67