bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Una familia de índices para la caracterización global de la dieta
Authors: Monterrey Pedro A. , Pita Gisela M.
Published: September 2023

El procedimiento utilizado habitualmente para evaluar los datos de las encuestas dietéticas cuantitativas, es el análisis individual del comportamiento de la ingesta de cada uno de los nutrientes. En general el análisis conjunto o multivariado de los datos se realiza para controlar el efecto de la ingestión calórica total y tropieza con la dificultad de que las ingestiones de los nutrientes están relacionadas y no se reporta en la literatura cómo proceder, para la aplicación de esas técnicas, teniendo en cuenta las correlaciones de los datos de la dieta. Se han construido índices para caracterizar de manera conjunta los datos de la dieta, éstos índices se han elaborado con el interés de caracterizar la calidad y la variedad de la dieta del individuo. En el presente trabajo se introduce una familia de distancias estadísticas que permitirán el uso de métodos multivariados para el análisis conjunto de los datos dietéticos teniendo en cuenta las peculiaridades de los mismos. A partir de ellas se construyeron, índices para obtener una caracterización cuantitativa global de la dieta de los individuos en el contexto de su grupo poblacional. Estos índices serán de utilidad en los casos en que el interés del análisis de datos se centra en las comparaciones o evoluciones de la dieta de grupos de individuos o de poblaciones.
Un índice para evaluar la variedad de la dieta
Authors: Monterrey Pedro A. , Tobar Luisa F.
Published: September 2023

En el contexto del análisis de la calidad de la dieta la alimentación variada se presenta como un elemento central, es por ello que las guías de alimentación de muchos países contienen este aspecto como uno de sus mensajes principales. La cuantificación de la diversidad de la dieta, mediante la construcción de índices, es fundamental a la hora de caracterizar la dieta de individuos y poblaciones. Esta caracterización es mucho más importante en los países en desarrollo en los que la presencia de dietas nutricionalmente desbalanceadas, por la monotonía de la alimentación, constituye un problema de salud de innegable importancia. Se han desarrollado diferentes índices para evaluar la calidad de la dieta y la variedad de la misma, pero todos descansan en la evaluación cuantitativa de la dieta, lo cual dificulta y encarece la realización de diagnósticos poblacionales. En el presente trabajo se presenta una metodología, de aplicación simple y por ello de bajo costo, para la cuantificación de la variedad de la alimentación: la metodología consta de un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo, adecuado a la realidad colombiana, para obtener una evaluación cualitativa de la dieta, y una cuantificación de la información obtenida en él para caracterizar la diversidad del consumo de alimentos que se denominó índice de alimentación variada.
Alimentación contemporánea: entre la globalización y la localización
Authors: Maya Gallego Maryorie
Published: September 2023

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Ingesta de calcio en mujeres jovenes universitarias de Antioquia: bases para el diseno de un programa educativo para el aumento de la masa ósea máxima y la prevención de la osteoporosis
Authors: Velásquez Rodríguez Claudia María , Maya Gallego Maryorie , Roldán Sánchez Consuelo
Published: September 2023

Este artículo recoge las principales conclusiones de la investigación "Prácticas alimentarias y consumo de alimentos fuente de calcio en mujeres entre 20 y 35 años, estudiantes de la Universidad de Antioquia", realizada en la ciudad de Medellín en el año 1999. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar integralmente los aspectos culturales que influyen en el consumo de alimentos fuente de calcio. A partir de este análisis, se plantea una serie de consideraciones culturales para tener en cuenta al diseñar programas educativos dirigidos a promover la salud ósea. Este estudio pretende motivar a los encargados de los programas de educación en salud, para que profundicen en el conocimiento de los factores culturales, sociales, económicos, geográficos y no sólo en los dietarios, para lograr un acercamiento más integral a las personas que pudieran estar en riesgo de sufrir osteoporosis y posiblemente un mayor impacto de los programas educativos en salud.
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Authors: Perspectivas en Nutrición Humana Revista
Published: September 2023

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Prevalencia de malnutrición y evaluación de la prescripción dietética en pacientes adultos hospitalizados en una institución pública de alta complejidad
Authors: Giraldo Giraldo Nubia Amparo , Múnera García Nora Elena , Marrugo Espitaleta Viviana , Piñeres Livia María
Published: September 2023

Introducción: la malnutrición en los pacientes hospitalizados es un problema común, generalmente asociado con aumento de la morbilidad, mortalidad, complicaciones y días de estancia, sin embargo no se diagnostica ni se trata oportunamente. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de malnutrición y evaluar la prescripción de la energía y proteínas de la dieta de los pacientes adultos hospitalizados en una institución pública de alta complejidad. Metodología: estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. Se evaluó el estado nutricional de 138 pacientes adultos hospitalizados en las primeras 48 horas de admisión, utilizando la Valoración Global Subjetiva (VGS). Se determinó el aporte de energía y proteínas de la dieta prescrita y se comparó con el requerimiento. Resultados: 63% presentó riesgo o desnutrición, sin diferencia por edad (p=0.12), ni por servicio (p=0.249). La prescripción energética y proteica fue inadecuada en el 56% y 70% de los pacientes respectivamente, hallándose diferencias significativas según profesional (p=0.0000). No hubo diferencias entre la adecuación en la prescripción y el estado nutricional para energía (p=0.42) ni para proteínas (p=0.23). Conclusiones: la prevalencia de malnutrición según VGS en los pacientes adultos hospitalizados fue alta. En la mayoría de los casos la prescripción dietética no se ajustó a la energía y proteínas requeridas.
Los modelos pedagógicos en los programas de hipertensión arterial: entre la experiencia y los aprendizajes
Authors: Torres Marín Berena Patricia , Restrepo Mesa Sandra Lucía , Rojano Hoyos Ana María , Ramírez Franco Alexandra , Montoya Osorio María Alejandra
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: se analizó la planificación, ejecución, evaluación y sistematización de programas de hipertensión en empresas prestadoras de servicios de salud en la ciudad de Medellín-Colombia. Método: se realizó un estudio cualitativo en 26 Instituciones Prestadoras de Servicios de Salud (IPS), adscritas a seis Entidades Promotoras de Salud (EPS) en las que se recolectaron datos mediante 20 observaciones participantes en actividades educativas individuales y grupales. Resultados: en la mayoría de las EPS las acciones educativas están dirigidas a impactar factores externos de individuos homogenizados, son descontextualizadas y se justifican por la norma; el modelo pedagógico tradicional y la didáctica son la repetición constante de temáticas sobre factores de riesgo, corresponden a un activismo irreflexivo que fomenta relaciones verticales con los individuos; la evaluación la constituyen el registro, la facturación y la adherencia a los tratamientos farmacológicos. Conclusiones: se aprecia que las acciones educativas en los programas de hipertensión arterial, no responden a modelos pedagógicos concretos, ni a una didáctica concebida como proceso. Los objetivos son poco definidos, los períodos de intervención cortos y hacen frágil el proceso, la evaluación responde más a la verificación de requisitos normativos.
Métodos para precisar la recolección de la ingesta dietética en estudios poblacionales
Authors: Manjarrés Correa Luz Mariela
Published: September 2023

La evaluación de la ingesta dietética es importante para los investigadores de salud y para los planificadores de políticas públicas, sin embargo, una de las principales limitantes para obtener información confiable está relacionada con la definición de la cantidad de alimentos ingeridos por los sujetos. Lo anterior ha motivado a los organismos internacionales a promover el desarrollo de metodologías que contribuyan a subsanar esta dificultad.   En consideración a las razones que soportan la necesidad de obtener información válida y precisar la cantidad de alimentos ingeridos, se comparte la experiencia obtenida en el ajuste y diseño de modelos de alimentos, figuras geométricas y álbum de fotografías, los cuales facilitaron la recolección y digitación de los datos de ingesta dietética en la Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional de Colombia 2005 (ENSIN) y permitió la definición de las prevalencias de riesgo de deficiencia de nutrientes.
Modificación del aporte de energía y de nutrientes en la dieta de embarazadas que participaron en un programa de complementación y suplementación alimentaria
Authors: Manjarrés Correa Luz Mariela , Díaz Cadavid Abel , Parra Sosa Beatriz Elena , Restrepo Mesa Sandra Lucía , Mancilla López Lorena
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: comparar el cambio en ingesta energética y de nutrientes en 77 embarazadas del Norte, Bajo Cauca y Urabá antioqueño que participaron en un programa de intervención nutricional. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, longitudinal prospectivo. En el primer trimestre se realizaron dos recordatorios de 24 horas, en días no consecutivos, posteriormente las madres ingresaron a un programa de intervención nutricional que incluyó: suministro de un complemento, un suplemento y educación nutricional. En los dos últimos trimestres se repitió la evaluación de la ingesta. Para identificar la cantidad ingerida y la prevalencia de deficiencia grupal se empleo el programa PC-SIDE (Universidad de Iowa State); para conocer los cambios se utilizó análisis de varianza de mediciones repetidas en el tiempo, se consideraron significativas las pruebas donde se obtuvo una probabilidad p < 0,05. Resultados: se incrementó significativamente la cantidad de nutrientes ingerida y la prevalencia del riesgo de deficiencia disminuyó, sin embargo aún es alto el riesgo, posiblemente por las precarias condiciones económicas en esta población. Conclusión: dado que no hubo variaciones en las condiciones socioeconómicas se puede concluir que el programa de alimentación complementaria contribuyó a mejorar el aporte de energía y de nutrientes, y se deberán mantener estas acciones con el fin de mitigar las deficiencias nutricionales.
Soporte nutricional en el paciente crítico: una puesta al día
Authors: Agudelo Ochoa Gloria María , Giraldo Giraldo Nubia Amparo
Published: September 2023

Los pacientes críticos presentan alteraciones que se manifiestan en desórdenes clínicos que demandan una atención médica y nutricional oportuna donde el soporte nutricional juega un papel fundamental. El objetivo del artículo fue realizar una puesta al día sobre los avances del soporte nutricional en el paciente crítico. Se revisaron publicaciones en bases de datos sobre tópicos como la selección de pacientes candidatos al soporte, evaluación del estado nutricional, determinación de las necesidades energéticas, tipo de soporte y complicaciones. Entre los hallazgos relevantes se encontró, que pese a los avances en el soporte nutricional, no hay consenso en aspectos como la evaluación nutricional, la cual es difícil y no obstante se dispone de métodos objetivos y subjetivos, ningún indicador aislado tiene la habilidad para determinarlo; igual ocurre con la determinación de los requerimientos energéticos, pues aunque lo ideal sería utilizar la calorimetría indirecta, dadas sus limitaciones se han validado y propuesto varias ecuaciones pero no hay acuerdo en cuál de ellas utilizar. La evidencia recomienda como primera opción el soporte nutricional enteral frente al parenteral y si bien las complicaciones se deben evitar al máximo, cuando se presentan es necesaria identificarlas e implementar las medidas correctivas del caso. En conclusión, el paciente crítico se puede beneficiar ampliamente del soporte nutricional siempre y cuando éste sea implementado en forma oportuna y de acuerdo a sus condi­ciones clínicas y nutricionales; el soporte nutricional debería ser suministrado por un equipo integral en el cual la participación del nutricionista es fundamental y de gran responsabilidad.
Inequidades en salud relacionadas con el VIH/SIDA
Authors: Deossa Restrepo Gloria Cecilia
Published: September 2023

Tres perspectivas teóricas explican el origen de las desigualdades en salud entre los grupos sociales: perspectiva teórica psico-social, producción social de la enfermedad y ecosocial. Mediante la exploración de literatura publicada en los últimos años sobre los determinantes sociales y las inequidades en VIH/SIDA, se establecen unos postulados y se resaltan algunos elementos claves de las inequidades sociales que se deben tener en cuenta para abordar esta pandemia.
Risk Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Professional Drivers in Asian Countries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Min Yap Choy , Mohd Rasdi Hanif Farhan , Xin Lim Wen
Published: September 2023

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are injuries in the musculoskeletal system caused by sustained or sudden exposure to repetitive motion, vibration, force, and awkward positions. Professional drivers are one of the working populations with a high risk of developing MSDs. Several studies had examined the prevalence and risk factors (RFs) for MSDs among professional drivers. Thus, this systematic review aims to analyze the literature and report the risk factors associated with MSDs among professional drivers in Asian countries. Published literature was systematically searched through EBSCOhost, Web of Science, and OVID. Studies which met the inclusion criteria were methodologically appraised using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS). Based on the studies included, the RFs reported to be significantly associated with MSDs among professional drivers included physical RFs, individual RFs, and psychosocial RFs. There were some RFs that did not fall into the three categories. The most frequently and comprehensively investigated RFs were the physical RFs. In conclusion, there were various RFs associated with MSDs among professional drivers in Asian countries. Further studies should be conducted to understand MSDs among professional drivers in different contexts and circumstances. A holistic and multidisciplinary approach should be used to develop effective management and preventive techniques to address this common occupational problem affecting a large proportion of the working population.
Local and systemic side effects of the coronanovac vaccine
Authors: KARAOĞULLARINDAN Ayşe , ERKAN Sanem Okşan , TUHANİOĞLU Birgül , YILDIRIM İlhami , ÖZDEMİR Asena Ayça
Published: September 2023

Objective: Vaccines are biological products that provide protection against diseases by stimulating the immune system. Our aim in this study is to examine local and systemic side effects after inactivated coronavirus vaccination. In addition, when these side effects started, how long they lasted and their effect on daily life were evaluated.

Methods: 224 healthcare workers who met the study criteria and were vaccinated against coronavirus in Adana City Training and Research Hospital were included in the study. A questionnaire prepared by us was filled in for these patients in which we inquired about the local and systemic side effects of the vaccine, the onset of side effects, their duration, whether they affect daily life, the need for drug use, and some demographic data. The survey results were evaluated with the SPSS statistical program. Local and systemic side effects were evaluated according to age, gender, allergy status, onset time, duration of effect, effect on daily life, and use of medical treatment.

Results: At least one side effect was observed in 73.2% of 224 patients, while no side effects were observed in 26.8%. Being under the age of 35, being female, and being allergic increased the side effects (p:0.0027, p:0.001, p.0.031). In the logistic regression analysis, it was seen that being a woman was more effective (p.0.002). The most common local side effect was at the injection site pain was 76.2%, the most common systemic side effect was weakness 40.9%. 85.6% of local side effects and 70.4% of systemic side effects were seen in the first 24 hours. 71.3% of local side effects and 70.1% of systemic side effects lasted less than 24 hours.

Conclusion: Inactivated covid-19 vaccine causes side effects in the majority of patients.In the otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic, attention should be paid to the side effects of the coronovac vaccine in female patients under the age of 35 who have allergies.
Reflecting on Infant/Toddler Mental Health and the Early Care and Education Workforce in North Carolina
Authors: Baker Ennis , Boone Nicole C. , Daily Sarah , Soliday Hong Sandra L. , Yazejian Noreen
Published: September 2023

COVID-19 has led to a child care workforce and mental health crisis for staff, families, and children under age three (infants and toddlers). The current level of stress for chil­dren, families, and infant-toddler early care and education professionals and its impact on infant and toddler well-being needs our attention.
Trauma-informed Child Welfare in North Carolina: An Interview with Child and Family Services Senior Director Lisa Cauley
Authors: McNeal-Trice Kenya
Published: September 2023

North Carolina’s child welfare system has undergone sig­nificant change in recent years. In this interview, Child and Family Services Senior Director Lisa Cauley discusses the implementation of a trauma-informed child welfare model and the biggest challenges and opportunities in addressing inequities in the system.
Bipartisan Priorities for Child and Family Well-being: A Conversation with Reps. Timothy Reeder and Carla Cunningham
Authors: Morris Peter J.
Published: September 2023

Representatives Carla Cunningham (D – 106) and Dr. Tim Reeder (R – 9) discuss their bipartisan legislative priorities regarding the health and well-being of children and families in North Carolina, including mental and behavioral health supports.
Ineffectiveness of Law N° 30490 to guarantee the Fundamental Rights of Older Adults in a Peruvian Region
Authors: Cabrera Cabrera Xiomara , Tapia Vásquez Lilia Marina , Pérez Nájera Celin
Published: September 2023

The need to seek alternative solutions to the situation of abandoned, unprotected, invisibility in which older people are in vulnerable conditions was the primary motivation for developing this study, the purpose of which was to analyze the ineffectiveness in the application of Law No. 30490, which protects the fundamental rights of the elderly in Peru. The research is applied descriptive; the doctrinal legal method is used, with a mixed approach and a non-experimental cross-sectional design. Magistrates, specialists in Family Law, and authorities of public entities were taken as study units, applying a questionnaire. The observation was used as a technique; documentary analysis, articles, laws, and doctrines. The family is considered to be the main responsible for the violation of the rights of the older adult and the state itself with its entities, which must fulfill the purposes of public function, prioritizing and optimizing the resources they have, following the Law of the Framework for the Modernization of State Management. The main contribution of this research is that it concludes in a proposal, type bill, that seeks to modify article 25, Law No. 30490 of Title III, Chapter I, for a new definition of Older Adult Person, to achieve the timely identification and protection of this age group.

Keywords: Demographic Aging; Older Adult Person; Vulnerability; Social Victimization.
FPTP Electoral System of Myanmar as a Barrier for Ethnic Minority Inclusiveness in Parliamentary Decision-Making
Authors: Pwint Thit Yamonh
Published: September 2023

Objective: This study aimed to analyze limitations in Myanmar’s political system that hindered inclusive participation of ethnic minorities in decision-making. The goal was to understand the impact of these limitations on minority representation and propose solutions for more equitable representation. Methodology: A documentary research design and systematic literature review were employed. Secondary data were gathered from academic articles and civil society reports on ethnic diversity, the non-inclusive political system, and challenges of the electoral system. Primary data from news and NGO reports were used to analyze election results and minority representation in parliament. Results: Findings revealed that ethnic minorities in Myanmar faced barriers in accessing public services and being represented in the political system. The FPTP electoral system exacerbated their underrepresentation, as only winners’ voices were heard in parliament. Lack of inclusivity and equitable representation contributed to internal conflicts and civil wars between ethnic groups and the government. Conclusions: This study identified fundamental flaws in Myanmar’s political system that hindered inclusive decision-making for ethnic minorities. The need for reforms to enable more equitable government representation and address ethnic tensions was highlighted. A review of the FPTP electoral system was proposed to ensure fair and just representation of all voices in parliament. These measures would strengthen the human security of ethnic minorities and promote stability and cohesion in Myanmar.

Keywords: Ethnic Minorities; Inclusive Representation; Myanmar Political System; FPTP Electoral System; Human Security.
Research trends in brain imaging of mild cognitive impairment in 25 years: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Satyasari Daniella , Rorong Agnes Tineke Waney
Published: September 2023

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition that is experienced by most elderly in the world. Although there has been a huge rise in research on developing brain imaging tests that can identify and evaluate MCI early on, a bibliometric analysis of this issue is still lacking. The purpose of this review is to determine the pattern and growth of research trends related to MCI and brain imaging using bibliometric analysis, based on Scopus data from 1996 to 2021. The data was converted to Comma Separated Values (CSV) and exported to VOSviewer to bibliometrically analyze the origin by country, keywords, frequently cited articles, author, and journals. Over a 25-year period, 5081 articles were discovered, with the number rising, particularly in the past four years, and significantly in 2022 when 561 articles (11.04%) were found. The Journal of Alzheimer's Disease (19.22%) and Neuroimage Clinical (10.22%) published the largest number of articles on this subject. The United States (24.31%) led all other countries in the number of publications, followed by China (14.84%) and UK (6.5%). The most cited article was by Petersen RC in 1999 (41 citations) about MCI and its clinical characterization. The keywords that appeared the most frequently were mild cognitive impairment (984 occurrences) associated with biomarkers, brain scanning procedures, brain part, age, and human subject. The most frequently cited authors were Petersen RC (1365 citations) and Jack CR (1103 citations). Neuroimage (4164 citations), and Neurology (3268 citations) are the most repeatedly cited journals. This bibliometric study displays the trend in the last 25 years for MCI and brain imaging.
PRÁTICA DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA DE ADOLESCENTES DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 E FATORES ASSOCIADOS
Authors: Rodrigues Leidiane Barbosa , Batista Anna Clara Figueiredo Ferreira , Reis Vivianne Margareth Chaves Pereira , Freitas Ronilson Ferreira , Fonseca Alenice Aliane
Published: September 2023

Physical activity plays an important role in adolescence, being considered an indicator of the current and future health status of young-adults. COVID-19 restrictions seem to have reverberated on the practice of physical activity (FAP) of adolescents. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the FAP of adolescents and associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 287 adolescents. The level of physical activity was measured using a questionnaire and considered physically active if >300 minutes/week. They were evaluated questions related to self-perception of health, sociodemographic profile, and behavioral factors. Prevalence ratios (PR) and intervals with 95% confidence (95%CI) were estimated using multiple Poisson regression models with robust variance. It was verified that during the pandemic 34.8% of adolescents were insufficiently active. In the adjusted analysis remained associated the following variables: sex (PR=1.12; 95%CI1.05-1.20; p=0.001), health perception (PR=1.08; 95%CI1.01-1. 14; p=0.014), change in FAP (PR=1.13; 95%CI1.06-1.20; p=0.000) and time watching TV (PR=1.09; 95%CI1.02-1.16; p=0.006). It was observed a high prevalence of insufficiently active adolescents. Female adolescents, with a negative perception of health, which reduced their FAP during the pandemic and with excessive time in front of TV, were more likely to be insufficiently active
Clinical Outcomes Role in The Healthcare Industry, The Complexity of Procurement and Applied Implications
Authors: Edden Yair , Ben-Shachar Elena , Gutkind Amit , Yosef Nadav , Levy Yuval
Published: September 2023

Clinical outcomes” has become a popular phrase among clinicians, hospital managers, government regulators, health insurers, policy makers and healthcare economy specialists. Compared to other sectors, the health care industry has a different approach to quality measurement since classic tools and basic principles such as economic profitability or human resources necessity in many occasions do not apply. Among other reasons, this is due to the complexities related to characterizing various aspects surrounding care and the fact that high-quality care is not always correlated with desired outcomes. Therefore, measures recommended by traditional methods sometimes simply cannot be implemented. Since the “end product” of the healthcare pipeline can be multifaceted and frequently hard to define, the most logical solution would be to measure it by clinical outcomes. In this paper, we will review the literature on this issue and describe the process of extracting the data and defining which indices will be measures at Sheba Medical Center in order to evaluate clinical outcomes.
Anosmia and Ageusia in Sars-Cov-2 Infection
Authors: Sinanovic Osman , Lepuzanović Muhamed , Bašagić Edin , Muftić Mirsad , Kahrić Sedjad
Published: September 2023

Background: Corona infection is primarily a respiratory disease, but the SARS-CoV-2 virus also penetrates other organs, causing various symptoms, including olfactory and gustatory dysfunction, which is why we can consider COVID-19 as a multisystem disease. Aim: To present review of some aspects of the olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in SARS-CoV- infection. Methods: The article has an analytical character and review of the literature. Results and Discussion: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has a high similarity with SARS-CoV-1 and uses the same receptors to enter the human body (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/ACE2). COVID-19 is primarily a disease of the respiratory system, but SARS-CoV-2 also penetrates the other organs including central nervous system (CNS). Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection can experience a range of clinical manifestations, from no symptoms to critical illness. The entry of the virus into the brain can lead to different neurological and psychiatric manifestations, including loss of smell (anosmia) and the loss of taste (ageusia). The frequency of anosmia and ageusia in patients with COVID-19 varies widely, from 10 to 65%, being the primary symptom in about 12% of patients. For now, the etiopathogenesis of anosmia and ageusia in SARS-CoV-2 infection is still unknown. Most of the analyzed subjects reported olfactory recovery. However, anosmia and ageusia can last several months or even longer. While most patients are expected to recover their sense of smell or taste within the first three months, a major subpopulation of patients might develop long lasting dysfunction. Although a substantial proportion of patients with Covid-19 might develop long lasting of diferent level of ansomia and ageusia it is uncertain what proportion of patients develop persistent dysfunction. Anosmia/ageusia can be as an important risk factor for fog, anxiety, and depression that may show a prolonged and/or delayed impact. However, we do not yet know what long-term effects these disorders may have on the central nervous system and mental health in general. Conclusion: The COVID-19 is primarily a disease of the respiratory system, but SARS-CoV-2 also penetrates other organs (multisystem disease), causing various symptoms, including olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The frequency of anosmia and ageusia in patients with COVID-19 is common but according to different papaers varies widely, from 10 to 65%, being the primary symptom in about 12% of patients. Most of the analyzed subjects reported olfactory recovery. However, anosmia and ageusia can last several months or even longer. We do not yet know what long-term consequences these disorders may have on the central nervous system and mental health in general.
Correlation of Ductal size with Left Ventricular Systolic Function Changes by Echocardiography in Children after Transcatheter Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Karim Tahmina , Islam Tariqul , Yadav Pratima
Published: September 2023

Background: Transcatheter closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) is considered an excellent treatment option for children requiring PDA closure due to its low morbidity and mortality rates. Theoretically, after PDA closure, there should be a gradual improvement in left ventricular volume overload and remodeling. However, numerous studies have shown that there is a temporary decline in left ventricular function immediately following PDA closure. Objectives: To see the correlation of ductal size with changes in left ventricular systolic function by echocardiography in children undergoing transcatheter closure of PDA. Materials and methods: It was a cross sectional study. All pediatric inpatients ≥6 months of age, diagnosed as a case of PDA and planned for device closure were enrolled in the study. M-Mode, 2D, Color Doppler and 2D speckle tracking echocardiography was done by GE Echo machine Model VividS70N using probes 5MHz (5s) and 6MHz(6s). Electrocardiogram (ECG ) gated echo was done at base line (prior to closure of PDA), after 24 hour post closure and after 1 month post closure, in order to evaluate the immediate and short term changes in left ventricular systolic function from the baseline, using the following parameters: Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) and Left Ventricular Fractional Shortening (LVFS). The total sample size was 35. Data were collected on a pre-tested questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out by using the SPSS version 22.0 windows software. Continuous data were expressed as mean ±SD and analyzed by paired t-test. Categorical data were expressed as frequency and percentages. Correlation was seen using Pearson’s correlation. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 46.69 ± 41.8 months with mean body surface area of 0.56 ±0.25m² (0.32-1.3). Females were predominant with 74.3% and males were 25.7%. The mean PDA size was 3.35 ± 0.77mm and the LA: Aorta ratio was 1.45 ± 0.24. The LVEF, LVFS were reduced from 70.11±3.81 to 57.34±5.0, 39.28±3.14 to 32.0±4.54 respectively 24hours after device closure. This reduction of LVEF, LVFS were statistically significant (p<0.01). At 1 month post device follow up all the parameters returned to near baseline level. PDA size was found to be negatively correlated with early changes in left ventricular functions i.e. larger the PDA size, greater is the reduction in LV function post PDA device. Conclusions: Transcatheter closure of PDA can lead to transient reduction in left ventricular systolic function which improves gradually after a month; however, close monitoring is required. Larger the PDA size, greater is the reduction in LV function. As such moderate to large PDAs should be followed up more cautiously and immediate timely intervention is needed, if severe deterioration is found.
Electricity Rate Structure Design in Latin America: Where Do We Stand? Where Should We Go?
Authors: Navajas Fernando
Published: September 2023

This paper reviews some critical issues for addressing the structure of electricity tariffs for ulterior purposes of policy research agenda. Starting from economic principles behind electricity tariff design, this paper asks what options ahead Latin America has in terms of improving electricity tariff design from a heterogeneous status quo, where trade-offs among cost recovery, cost reflectivity and affordability stand out. Options look like an avenue for improving cost recovery through better wholesale market design and regulation; move outside excess volumetric pricing and towards fixed and capacity charges; reduce excessive increasing block pricing; promote metering and regulatory flexibility for menu pricing with optional schemes and guaranteed bills; foster flexibility for new customer clustering and pricing to accommodate innovation in the energy transition; attend affordability with lump sum transfers through differentiated fixed charges and taxes and reform taxation to coordinate tariff format reform across different regulatory jurisdictions. Above all these dimensions, countries should coordinate on common information standards on the level and structure of electricity rates.
Images of Paradise, Images of Utopia: The Search for Community
Authors: Morawski Karol
Published: September 2023

The aim of this article is not only to present specific images of paradise and utopia, which appear in various forms in the domains of European imaginaries throughout history, but also to show the connections of these images with the domain of political discourses aiming at changing the status quo and constituting a perfect, harmonious, and non-antagonistic community. The creation of such a community—despite the universalist visions that the imaginarium of paradise and utopia implies—is often based on the mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion. Mechanisms of this type are characteristic above all of maximalist political visions and ideas that seek to solve all human problems definitively and completely. Such aspirations are linked with revolutionary attempts to realize utopia or to build the kingdom of God on earth.
Piękno, muzyka i praca w pedagogii ks. Luigiego Giussaniego
Authors: Klejnowski-Różycki Dariusz
Published: September 2023

Włoski ksiądz Luigi Giussani wypracował charakterystyczny styl pedagogii, który jest kontynuowany w założonym przez niego ruchu Komunia i Wyzwolenie. W celach pedagogicznych pogłębiał znaczenie potocznie używanych pojęć, takich jak piękno, muzyka, praca, tworząc „pojęcia użytkowe” na potrzeby swojej pedagogii, bez tworzenia systemu filozoficznego czy nawet teologicznego. Piękno klasycznie wiązał z prawdą, ale także z subiektywnymi pojęciami gustu czy estetki. Muzykę, zwłaszcza klasyczną, wykorzystywał do ukazania najgłębszych pragnień ludzkich, na które odpowiedzią jest Chrystus. W swej pracy pedagogicznej zinterpretował kilkadziesiąt utworów muzycznych, ukazujących głębię i naturę człowieka. Pracę interpretował jako z jednej strony przemoc władzy, a z drugiej – gdy jest poddana osądowi serca – jako najgłębszy wyraz tożsamości człowieka. Cała pedagogia Giussaniego była narzędziem, środkiem, sposobem prowadzenia jego uczniów do komunii z Chrystusem, stąd też istotne kategorie filozoficzno-kulturowe, którymi się posługiwał, można nazwać „pojęciami użytkowymi”, gdyż nie odznaczają się systematyczną spójnością charakterystyczną dla definicji filozoficznych czy teologicznych. Jednak pod względem pedagogii jego oddziaływanie było i jest wyjątkowe i wciąż żywe.
Azimuthal analysis of pp-wave attenuation in a fractured medium covering a target layer using wide-azimuth seismic survey data
Authors: Vasilenko N. K. , Nefedkina T. V. , Dugarov G. A. , Bekrenyov R. K.
Published: September 2023

The paper considersPP-wave attenuation in an anisotropic fractured medium covering the target layer. Azimuthal and offset variations of inverse quality factor (QVOA) were estimated from 3D seismic data by a software module developed in IPGG SB RAS. Spectral ratio method was used to estimate attenuation. We used developed QVOA inversion module on 3D CDP data from one of the fields in the Republic of Serbia. The distributions of fracturing orientation and attenuation anisotropy degree in the layer of Neogene rock are presented as results. This layer covers Paleozoic basement, which is the main target layer for oil exploration in this area. The obtained distributions should be considered during AVAZ inversion interpretation of reflections from Paleozoic basement due to possible footprints.
Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Stem Extract of Citrullus colocynthis, Characterization and Evaluation of its Antibacterial Activity
Authors: K. Suganya  , Hari Rajeswary , Chokkalinagam Priya
Published: September 2023

In the current investigation, an attempt is made to synthesize and characterize the Citrullus colocynthis stem extract loaded Zinc Oxide Nano Particles (ZnONP-Cc) and to evaluate the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activities of the same. The synthesis of ZnONP-Cc was carried out and the characterization in terms of UV-Spectrum, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectrum, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis were done. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the ZnONP-Cc were evaluated using the established protocol. In the UV-Spectrum significant SPR peak was observed at 350 nm and FT-IR spectrum exhibited several biomolecules with their chemical entities. Through XRD method, the zinc oxide nanoparticles Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) structure was confirmed. The SEM and TEM confirm the synthesized nanoparticles were round and oval shape with size ranging from 10 - 20 nm. The ZnONP-Cc possess significant antimicrobial activity against wound pathogens and it was found to be non-toxic to the Brine shrimp nauplii. In conclusion, the synthesized ZnONP-Cc can be exploited in nanomedicine since it has antimicrobial activity without any toxicity.
Efficacy of Polyherbal Formulation (Phalatrikadi Vati) in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus through Metabolic Correction – A Clinical Study
Authors: Benakatti Vijayalaxmi B. , Biradar Mallamma , S. Srihari  , K. B. Jyothy
Published: September 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent metabolic disorder worldwide; its incidents have grown notably in recent years. Over the last 50 years, lifestyle changes have led to a dramatic increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes around the world. India has been projected as the diabetic capital of the world. Diabetes and its complications pose a major threat to future public health resources throughout the world and are the major cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, stroke, and lower limb amputation. In the southern part of India, the mortality rate due to diabetes mellitus is in fifth rank amongst the ten vital causes of death. Despite recent advances in knowledge, preventing and controlling diabetes remain a major challenge. So the present study has focused on the disease pathogenesis and its regulation through Polyherbal formulation (Phalatrikadi Vati). Objectives: To determine the efficacy of Polyherbal formulation in reducing the subjective complaints in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by metabolic corrections and thereby controlling the blood glucose level in the body. Methods: A single arm open labeled trial with 1 month in duration. Participants: 25 patients of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 with diagnosed, high fasting blood sugar and postprandial blood sugar levels. 500mg tablet was given in twice a day after food. Results: A total of 30 patients enrolled in the study and 25 patients completed the treatment. Significant relief of 68% in polyuria, 56% in urine turbidity, 84% in polyphagia, and 76% in polydipsia seen. There was a highly significant reduction in FBS with a mean difference of 31.84 mg and PPBS with a mean difference of 63.92 mg. Conclusion: The polyherbal formulation is a safe intervention and can be expected to reduce the symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and blood sugar levels. Future studies with larger sample sizes, longer duration of intervention and follow up needed for more accurate and reliable results.
Enhancing the Shelf Life of Psidium guajava during Post Harvesting storage by Coating with Cinnamomum verum Formulations
Authors: Subramanian E. Selva , Aggarwal Ruchita , Kavyashree R , Dey Nibedita , Bole Shivaji , Aloysious Neena , Kamatchi C.
Published: September 2023

Guava is a nutritious fruit that could decompose during storage. In this study, (GCE F1 and GCPE F2) two formulations of cinnamon extract, Guar gum, and glycerol coating were prepared. The guavas (Psidium guajava L.) were selected at the stage of maturity and coated with formulations along with controls such as water and sodium benzoate. Further physiological and biochemical attributes of the quality of guava fruits were analyzed during the storage at 4°C for 5, 10 and 15 days. The results revealed that the coated guavas (GCE F1) exhibited a significant reduction in weight and firmness, low pH, and reduced usage of organic acids which contributes to high TA values, less sugar content, high antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity, with less microbial growth during the storage period. Further, the presence of bioactive compounds in the ethanolic extract of cinnamon was identified by GCMS and cytotoxicity analysis confirmed no toxic effect on L929 cell lines. The results suggest that compared to coated guavas of GCPE F2, water, and sodium benzoate, GCE F1 exhibited superior quality and enhanced shelf life during post-harvest storage.
The Effect of Sira Vedha (Phlebotomy) at Right Elbow Joint in the Management of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Sawarkar Gaurav , Desai Priti , Sawarkar Punam
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Sushruta stated that Sira Vedha (phlebotomy) at Right Elbow Joint was used as a cure for Liver Diseases. Modern science is likewise on the same page as phlebotomy treatment for some liver illnesses, although the specific location for phlebotomy has not been specified. Similarly, there is diversity in the amount of blood extracted and the time length, with each research study recommending a different amount to be removed and the gap between two sessions. Both of the previously listed things are mentioned in the context of Ayurveda. Nonetheless, due to a lack of clinical proof, it cannot be practiced reliably in normal exercise. As a result, clinical proof for liver illnesses is required to confirm Sushruta’s theory. Methodology: 111 eligible patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Grade I/II were randomly assigned to the control (group A) or trial (group B) groups in the pilot research (group B). After obtaining written informed permission, blood samples from each patient were collected for LFT and lipid profile testing. The patients in Group A were then just counseled to make dietary changes. Group B patients underwent dietary changes as well as Sira Vedha (phlebotomy) with 65 cc blood three times in 15 days. Checked hemoglobin before each phlebotomy for safety considerations before discontinuing the patient. The blood sample was taken before enrollment in the study and after the final follow-up, which was on the 60th day. Results: The serum results from the first and last follow-ups were compared. This study found that group B considerably improved in liver enzymes and lipid profile (P<0.050) when compared to group A. As a result, we may infer that phlebotomy can enhance liver enzymes and lipid profiles in NAFLD patients.
Computational Analysis Depicting Potency of Phytochemicals to Target MAPK Signalling Pathway in Breast Cancer
Authors: Balkrishna Acharya , Kumar Sagar , Hazari Purushottam , Sahu Rashmi , Arya Vedpriya
Published: September 2023

Background: Breast cancer has caused significant mortality among women worldwide. A comprehensive analysis of the disease indicated that MAPK signalling pathways are primarily involved in cell proliferation and have substantially induced drug resistance amongst the diseased individuals and henceforth may be considered a potential drug target to combat the disease. Methods: Phytochemicals obtained from medicinal plants were evaluated for their efficacy to target MAPK by molecular docking and were compared with synthetic analogues available in the market to target the disease. The stability of complexes was determined using MD Simulation, and interaction energy was calculated. Ligand binding pockets of interaction were also depicted along with the computation of RMSD. Results: Withanolide belonging to Withania somnifera exhibited the highest BA at both 35 × 57 × 38 Å and 33 × 41 × 41 Å sites of MAPK. Withanolide showed a BA of -10.2 Kcal/mol in comparison to AL8697 and Ralimetinib mesylate, which represented BA of -8.5 and -8.0 Kcal/mol, respectively. The Withanolide- MAPK complex showed stable conformation during MD Simulation. RMSD value for Withanolide was found to be the least, thereby indicating the least fluctuations during the interactions. Conclusion: The present study unveiled that Withanolide may emerge as a potential drug candidate to target MAPK signalling pathway in breast cancer.
Oxyresveratrol: A Potential Pharmacological Prospective Against Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Mahamud Nureesun , Suksuwan Acharee , Waloh Nareeya , Salae Kunthira , Tansawat Rossarin , Dahlan Winai
Published: September 2023

Oxyresveratrol (OXY) is a polyphenolic compound found in various plants, including the heartwood of Artocarpus lakoocha, mulberry wood, mulberry twigs, and Smilacis chinae rhizome. Numerous reports have highlighted its pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. In this review, we specifically focus on the neuroprotective effects of oxyresveratrol in both in vitro and in vivo models. To conduct this review, we adopted a systematic approach and utilized search engines to explore online databases, covering publications from 2000 to 2021. We carefully analyzed the data and synthesized the findings into a comprehensive table and figure. Our review underscores the application of oxyresveratrol in the context of neurodegenerative diseases, with particular emphasis on conditions such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD), ischemic strokes, and traumatic brain injury. The findings of our review suggest that oxyresveratrol holds significant promise as a natural compound for the prevention and management of neurodegenerative diseases. However, it is important to note that the clinical application of oxyresveratrol is still limited. Consequently, further research is warranted to explore the potential development of innovative health-promoting products utilizing oxyresveratrol, particularly in the context of protecting against neurodegenerative diseases in ageing populations.