bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kesesuaian Lahan Budidaya Rumput Laut Kappaphhycus alvarezii (Doty) menggunakan Citra Satelit Di Perairan Pulau Nusa Lembongan, Bali
Authors: Nashrullah Muhamad Fatah , Susanto A.B. , Pratikto Ibnu , Yati Emi
Published: September 2021

Perairan Pulau Nusa Lembongan merupakan salah satu pulau yang berlokasi di Kab.Klungkung, Bali. Budidaya rumput laut di lokasi ini terdapat beberapa kendala dalam pengembangannya, yaitu keterbatasan pemahaman sumberdaya manusia, modal serta penentuan lokasi busisaya rumput laut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalam metode eksploratif dengan pendekatan analisa kuantitatif.Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tingkat kesesuaian lahan budidaya dan mengetahui luasan lahan yang efektif untuk budidaya rumput laut di perairan Pulau Nusa Lembongan. Parameter yang diamati yaitu suhu, salinitas, pH, keterlindungan, kedalaman, kecerahan, arus, substrat dasar perairan, nitrat, fosfat, oksigen terlarut (DO), klorofil-A dan muatan padatan tersuspensi (MPT). Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Hasil analisis kesesuaian lahan untuk pengembangan budidaya rumput laut di perairan Pulau Nusa Lembongan yang sangat sesuai sebesar 3.375,65 Ha. Sedangkan luas lahan yang efektif sebesar 2.025,39 Ha yaitu 60% dari luas sangat sesuai dengan jumlah rakit yang dioperasikan sebesar 810.156 unit dan ukuran rakit 1 x25 m serta total produksi pada satu musim panen sebesar 89.117,16 ton/siklus panen.  The waters of Nusa Lembongan Island are one of the islands located in Klungkung Regency, Bali. Seaweed cultivation in this location has several features in its development, namely limited understanding of human resources, capital and determining the location of seaweed busses. The research method used is an exploratory method with a quantitative analysis approach.This study aims to analyze the suitability level of cultivated land and determine the effective land area for seaweed cultivation in Nusa Lembongan Island. The parameters temperature, salinity, pH, water protection, depth, brightness, current, bottom water substrate, nitrate, phosphate, dissolved oxygen (DO), chlorophyll-A, and suspended solids charge (MPT). The analysis was carried out with a Geographical Information System (GIS) approach. The results of the land suitability analysis for the development of seaweed cultivation in Nusa Lembongan which are very suitable are 3,375.65 hectares. While the effective land area is 2,025.39 ha, which is 60% of the area, which corresponds to the number of rafts that are operated at 810,156 units, and the size of the raft is 1 x25 m and the total production in one harvest season is 89,117.16 tons/harvest cycle.
Potensi Ekstrak Teripang Stichopus hermanii, Semper 1868 (Holothuroidea : Stichopodidae) sebagai Penghasil Senyawa Antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus mutans Clarke, 1924 (Bacilli : Streptococcaceae)
Authors: Monika Rika , Pringgenies Delianis , Setyati Wilis Ari
Published: September 2021

Teripang Stichopus hermanii merupakan biota laut yang mempunyai senyawa dengan bioaktivitas sebagai antibakteri terhadap patogen. Stichopus hermanii mampu menghambat bakteri gram positif dan negatif. Produk teripang yang sudah ada banyak memperlihatkan manfaatnya salah satunya untuk gigi. Produk komersil yang terlihat di masyarakat yakni pasta gigi, namun belum diketehaui  secara mendetail mengenai seberapa besar peran pasta gigi tersebut dalam mengatasi permasalahn gigi.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui senyawa yang aktif didalam ekstrak teripang Stichopus hermanii. Metode ekstraksi yakni dengan padat ke cair, pencarian senyawa aktif menggunakan skrining fitokimia dengan pereaksi yang berbeda setiap pengujiannya, dan uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda-beda. Uji aktivitas antibakteri pada ekstrak S. hermanii menggunakan bakteri patogen Streptococcus mutans. Hasil senyawa aktif yang didapat dari skrinining fitokimia meliputi flavonoid, alkaloid, triterpenoid dan saponin. Uji aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol S. hermanii mampu menghambat bakteri S.mutans. Zona hambat tertinggi pada S. mutans  5,86 mm ± 4,92 dengan konsentrasi 80 µg/disk pada waktu 24 jam. Disimpulkan bahwa senyawa aktif pada ekstrak metanol S. hermanii mempunyai bioaktivitas antibakteri pada bakteri S. mutans.  The sea cucumber Stichopus hermanii is a marine biota that has compounds with bioactivity as an antibacterial against pathogens. Stichopus hermanii can inhibit gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Sea cucumber products that already exist have shown many benefits, one of which is for teeth. The commercial product seen in the community is toothpaste, but it is not yet known in detail how big the role of toothpaste is in overcoming dental problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the active compounds in sea cucumber extract Stichopus hermanii. The extraction method is solid to liquid, the search for active compounds uses phytochemical screening with different reagents for each test, and the antibacterial activity test uses the agar diffusion method with different concentrations. Antibacterial activity test on S. hermanii extract using the pathogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans. The results of the active compounds obtained from phytochemical screening include flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenoids, and saponins. The antibacterial activity test showed that the methanol extract of S. hermanii was able to inhibit S. mutans bacteria. The highest zone of inhibition in S. mutans was 5.86 mm ± 4.92 with a concentration of 80 g/disk at 24 hours. It was concluded that the active compound in the methanolic extract of S. hermanii had antibacterial bioactivity on S. mutans bacteria.
Temporal trend of inactive commuting to school in adolescents from Sergipe, Brazil
Authors: Santos Lucas Souza , Ribeiro Davi Soares Santos , Barreto Íkaro Daniel Carvalho , Oliveira Vítor Hugo Fernandes de , Silva Danilo Rodrigues Pereira da , Menezes Aldemir Smith
Published: September 2021

Our purpose was to identify the trend of inactive commuting to school and to verify the associated factors (demographic, socioeconomic, school and environmental) to this outcome. The study compared data from two cross-sectional epidemiological surveys with samples of 3,984 (in 2011) and 4,139 (in 2016) adolescents from public schools of Sergipe, Brazil. Inactive commuting comprised the adolescents who did not walk or cycle to school on any day of the week. Raw and adjusted logistic regression were used to analyze the association between independent variables and outcome. The findings revealed that, in 2011, there was observed a greater probability of inactive commuting among students from the urban area (OR=3.91; 95% CI=3.37-4.45), enrolled in the day shift (OR=1.20; 95% CI=1.04-1.40), with a family income of up to one minimum wage (OR=1.39; 95% CI=1.15-1.68) and between one and two minimum wages (OR=1.20; 95% CI=1, 00-1.43), which took up to 29 minutes (OR=1.82; 95% CI=1.47-2.25) and 30 to 59 minutes when commuting from home to school (OR=1.73; 95% CI=1.36-2.21). In 2016, male adolescents (OR=1.18; 95% CI=1.03-1.36), living in the urban area (OR=3.78; 95% CI=3.23-4.41), living on paved streets (OR=1.18; 95% CI=1.00 -1.39), which took up to 29 minutes (OR=2.24; 95% CI=1.82-2.77) and 30 to 59 minutes when commuting (OR=1.35; 95% CI=1.05-1.72) showed higher prevalence of inactive commuting to school. Some socioeconomic and demographic factors influenced the stability of the high prevalence of inactive commuting to school.
Метапоэтика экфрастических импульсов и жестов в прозе самого «неэкфрастичного» писателя: А.П. Чехов и его «не-экфрасисы»
Authors: АВТУХОВИЧ ТАТЬЯНА ЕВГЕНЬЕВНА
Published: September 2021

Metapoetics of ekphrastic impulses and gestures in the prose of the most “non-ekphrastic” writer. The article analyzes ekphrases as well as ekphrastic impulses and gestures in Chekhov's short stories. It is shown that ekphrases perform an important function in the works of the writer, being a significant part of the artistic whole. It is concluded that the analysis of ekphrastic inclu-sions in the aspect of the author's metapoetics indicates a constant change in the artistic language, which is associated with a change in the type of ekphrasis (from mimetic to non-mimetic) and its function in the literary work: from the plot-forming function to the situation modeling function, and then to the invisi-ble hint function, suggesting active interaction between the author and the reader.
«Поэзия – уже перевод, с родного языка на чужой...» (Цветаева и Рильке)
Authors: НАДЬ ИШТВАН
Published: September 2021

Poetry itself is translation from the mother tongue into another language… Cvetaeva’s letter to Rilke about the translation of poetry is Cvetaeva’s credo of translation. Cvetaeva constantly reflects on her own linguistic consciousness. The first extensive set of commentaries on translation appears in the poet’s correspondence with Rainer Maria Rilke. Cvetaeva developed the methaphor of “writing poetry as translating” inspired by wordplay in German: „Dichten ist schon nachdichten”. Translation is possible, because poetry is possible. Cvetaeva advocates an artistic, hermeneutically open approach to translation. Cvetaeva wrote in a letter to Rainer Maria Rilke: „Dichten ist schon übertragen, aus der Muttersprache – in eine andere, ob französisch oder deutsch wird wohl gleich sein.” Writing poetry is in itself translating, from the mother tongue into another language.
Зоонимната фразеологиjа и надворешниот изглед на човекот (на материjал од македонскиот jазик)
Authors: МИРЧЕВСКА-БОШЕВА БИЉАНА
Published: September 2021

Zoonymic phraseology and external Appearance (On Macedonian language material). Zoonyms as an important and numerous lexical layer are often in the focus of interest of linguists. In this paper, zonyms are considered as an integral component of the phrasemes in which they experience complete transformation and lose their basic meanings. More specifically, on this occasion we focus on the zonyms in Macedonian language phrasemes that describe the external appearance of man. For this purpose 54 phrasemes were collected and analyzed in order to determine the zonymic components present in the specific units and their impact on the motivation for the formation of the phraseme and in the formation of its meaning.
Slovak Verbal Derivatives in Background Taxis Constructions
Authors: OVCHINNIKOVA IRINA GERMANOVNA
Published: September 2021

Slovak Verbal Derivatives in Background Taxis Construction. Taxis semantics expresses simultaneity, precedence andposteriority of events in the time span span. Taxis construction contains two propositions in the sentence. Background taxis usually appears in complex sentence s with circumstantial clause clauses, where taxis semantics plays a sub -dominant role role. A verbal derivative , which inherits tense and aspect semantic components from its original verb form, is able to participate in backgroundtaxis constructionconstructions. Semantic peculiarities of the verb predict its involvement in the taxis constructionconstruction. The objective of this paper is to clarify how verbal derivatives function in background taxis constructions in Slovak Slovak.
Этико-философский смысл ‘обиды’ в произведениях Достоевского и ее значение в судьбах героев романа «Идиот»
Authors: АШИМБАЕВА НАТАЛЬЯ ТУЙМЕБАЕВНА
Published: September 2021

The ethical and philosophical meaning of “grievance” in the works of Dostoevsky and its significance in the fate of the characters of the novel “The Idiot”. The article is devoted to the analysis, based on the material of the novel “The Idiot”, of the role of grievance in the formation of actions, behavior and the fate of Dostoevsky's characters. Grievance as a destructive factor. Grievance as a disease of human nature.Grievance and the philosophy of despair in the image of Ippolit Terentyev. Ways of love and forgiveness. From psychology to “realism in the highest sense”.
Jadranka Mlikota – Ana Lehocki-Samardžić: Mađarska sastavnica hrvatske gramatikografije 19. stoljeća, Filozofski fakultet Osijek i Hrvatska sveučilišna naklada, Zagreb, 2021. 335. str.
Authors: BARIĆ ERNEST
Published: September 2021

Review
From Higher Education in Historic Palestine towards a Pan-Palestinian Higher Education
Authors: Shibib Khalid
Published: September 2021

The fiercely waged, century-long conflict on the ground of historic Palestine between the Jews, who from the mid-nineteenth century have mainly immigrated from Europe, and the Arab Palestinians, who live there—and have been living there for centuries/thousands of years—primarily started in the educational field. With the establishment of the Technion Institute in 1912, the Political Zionist movement started to develop a higher education system (HES) that could deliver the human capital needed for the building of a prosperous state, one built on the occupation and expropriation of Palestinian land and material property, on the expulsion of the people who lived there, on a system of apartheid, and, at long last, on the denial and destruction of the Palestinian identity. It was only sixty years later that a Palestinian response in the field of higher education was in a position to start with the establishment of Hebron University in 1971, followed by over fifty other Palestinian higher education institutes (HEIs). Despite current numerical parity in the population of around 6.5 million each (The New Arab 2018) and the number of HEIs (over fifty each) on the ground of historic Palestine, a devastating multi-sectorial power discrepancy exists in favor of the visions of Political Zionism. The power discrepancy and the irreconcilable narratives developed on both sides render peaceful compromises impossible. Through bibliographic research, this paper provides an outsider’s general snapshot of the current state of higher education in Palestine in order to explore its relation to conflict narratives, to power gap, and to major political events. It presents ideas for an intra-Palestinian, just as a regional and a global, discourse on how the still weak Palestinian HES in the Occupied Palestinian Territory could be improved to further strengthen Palestinian economic and scientific progress. It reflects on how to expand into a pan-Palestinian HES that, in addition, targets Palestinian refugees and diaspora Palestinians from all over the world, as well as Palestinians living in Israel. Beyond this demographic expansion, this essay suggests an academic engagement with the strengthening of historic Palestinian identity and the restitution of its cultural Druze and Jewish components, which were lost during the last century of conflict. This strengthened renewed multi-religious (now multilingual) Palestinian identity can also offer a long-term perspective for a peaceful solution, a perspective which cannot be offered by the exclusive Political Zionism.
Memory of the Nakba and its Effects on the Formation of the Palestinian Identity
Authors: Yaling Long
Published: September 2021

The Nakba, or loss of Palestine in 1948 to the Zionists, led to the expulsion of most of the Palestinian people from their homeland to neighboring countries and all around the world. This was a severe blow for the Palestinians, and it was expected that their identity would whither, and this may have been the case had it not been for the memories they kept from the pre-Nakba and Nakba periods. These memories became so important that up to the present they act as a pivot for Palestinian identity during the diaspora. This article argues that these memories still bind the Palestinian people together and give them a sense of common and national identity.
Acceleration of resource tests of spacecraft polymers for resistance to long-term influence of atomic oxygen in the Earth ionosphere
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Dnipro, Ukraine, Shuvalov V.A. , Kulagin S.N. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Dnipro, Ukraine, Lazuchenkov D.N. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Dnipro, Ukraine
Published: September 2021

The procedure of accelerated resource tests of spacecraft polymers for their resistance to the long-term influence of atomic oxygen (AO) in the Earth's ionosphere at altitudes from 200 to 700 km has been developed. The procedure involves irradiation of polymers with high-energy ions of atomic oxygen and the use of a kapton-H polyimide as reference material. The condition of equivalence of the " atomic oxygen - polymer" interaction in the ionosphere and on the laboratory set is the equality of tested material mass loss. The basis for substantiating the procedure of accelerated tests is the result: when irradiating the kapton-H polymer with high-energy atomic oxygen ions in the energy range from 30 to 80 eV, the degradation of polyimide is determined by the process of chemical etching of the material. To substantiate the procedure of accelerating resource tests of polymeric structural materials of spacecraft for resistance to long-term action of atomic oxygen flows, the dependences of mass loss and volumetric mass loss factor (reactivity) of kapton-H polyimide and Teflon FEP-100A on fluence and energy of the atomic oxygen ions have been obtained. It is shown that when irradiating kapton-H polyimide with atomic oxygen ions with the energy of 30 to 80 eV, the material mass loss due to chemical etching is about an order of magnitude greater than the mass loss due to kinetic sputtering. When the kapton-H polymer is irradiated with high-energy atomic oxygen ions, the coefficient of acceleration of the resource tests and the fluence of atomic oxygen are about two orders of magnitude greater than the coefficient of acceleration obtained using atomic oxygen ions with an energy of 5 eV.
International legal principles governing exploration of Moon, Mars and other celestial bodies' resources
Authors:   V.M. Koretsky Institute of state and law of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, International Space Law Centre, Kyiv, Ukraine, Malysheva N.R.
Published: September 2021

The article examines the latest trends in the development of international legal relations in the field of exploration and use of celestial bodies’ resources, which was prompted by the United States' initiation of the international program "Artemis". Nine countries of the world, including Ukraine, have joined this program, formalizing their intentions by signing the so-called Artemis Accords. Given that the international legal regime for the exploitation of the resources of Moon, Mars, asteroids, and other celestial bodies is still not defined, and there is no unity in the doctrine of space law in this regard, the article attempts to determine the legal basis for Ukraine's participation, the opportunities that open up for it, as well as the tasks that arise in this regard for the domestic entities of space activities and the State, which is responsible for all space activities carried out under its jurisdiction.
MODIFICATION OF BITUMINOUS BINDERS FOR ASPHALT CONCRETE PAVEMENTS
Authors:   Institute of macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, TRACHEVSKYI V.V. , IVANENKO K.O. ,   Institute of macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, FAINLEIB O.M. ,   Institute of macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine
Published: September 2021

The review is devoted to the analysis of modern research in the development of formulations and technology for the manufacture of composites based on bituminous binders for the creation of improved asphalt concrete. Methods for modification of bitumen by polymer additives, chemical stabilizers, industrial wastes (recycled polymers, ground tire rubber, fly ash, etc.), nanodispersed additives and carbon nanomaterials to obtain the necessary predetermined properties are considered. The positive and negative aspects of using various modifiers are analyzed. The efficiency of modification of bituminous binders with recycled polymers and nano(ultra)dispersed fillers is shown, which makes it possible to create composites based on bituminous binders for asphalt concrete pavements with high performance characteristics. The optimal content of additives to the bitumen binder has been analyzed: the amount of thermoplastic polymers and thermoplastic elastomers in the range of 3-10 wt.%, thermosetting polymers − over 10 wt.%, elastomers − up to 15 wt.%, and nano-sized additives: nano-oxides ≥ 5 wt.%, nanoclay ~ 3 wt. %, carbon nanotubes, graphene < 1.2 wt.%. Modification of bitumen with recycled polymers and partial replacement of expensive polymer modifiers with cheaper polymer waste, composite modifiers, namely recycled polymer mixed with ground tire rubber and / or fly ash are considered. This allows solving the environmental problems (waste utilization and secondary use) and reduce the cost of asphalt concrete. From the analysis of the experimental results, it becomes clear that for prediction of the properties of modified asphalt concrete, the basic characteristics of the original bitumen, which can differ significantly, are important, as well as the type of modifier (combination of modifiers), its chemical nature, and the efficiency of its dispersing in bitumen. The different chemical composition of the initial bitumen and its physicochemical properties probably play a primary role in imparting high and low temperature properties to asphalt concrete. Modification of a bituminous binder with waste polymers and nanofillers, first of all, makes it possible to improve such important performance characteristics of bitumen and asphalt concrete, such as softening temperature, penetration, penetration index, ductility, viscosity, moisture resistance, complex shear modulus, rutting parameter, resistance to cracking, etc.
ЕFFECT OF IRON AND NICKEL DITHIOCARBAMATES ON THE PROPERTIES OF MODIFIED POLYURETHANES
Authors:   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske sh, Kiev, 02160, Ukraine, ROBOTA L.P. , LYTVYAKOV V.І. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske sh, Kiev, 02160, Ukraine, TRAVINSKA T.V. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske sh, Kiev, 02160, Ukraine, SAVELYEV YU.V. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske sh, Kiev, 02160, Ukraine
Published: September 2021

The effect of modifiers - nickel bis(N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate) (DTC-Ni) and iron tris(N, N-dimethyldithiocarbamate) (DTC-Fe) depending on their content on the structural peculiarities of polyurethane matrix based on polyoxytetramethylene glycol-1000 4,4’-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 1,4-butanediol has been studied. The method of IR spectroscopy according to the results of NH groups’, C = O- and COC fragments’ association has shown the structuring effect of modifiers due to the PU matrix coordination. The processes of photolysis occurred as a result of exposure of PU under the conditions of the climate chamber have been also studied by IR spectroscopy method. The influence of modifiers and their content on the modified polyurethanes density has been investigated. The planar structure of DTC-Ni has shown to contribute to the density increase of modified PU as the result of polymer chain coordination, while the spherical structure of DTC-Fe - causes a density decrease due to steric hindrances in the implementation of H-bonds. Modification of polyurethanes with both nickel bis (N, N-dimethyldithiocarbamate) and iron tris (N, N-dimethyldithiocarbamate) as well as UV irradiation and moisture under the conditions of the climatic chamber contribute to the increase of water absorption. Studies of the strength properties of modified polyurethanes in comparison with the matrix under the conditions of the climate chamber have established the photosensitizing effect of nickel and iron dithiocarbamates. By studying the mass of samples of PU-DTС-Fe/Ni after extraction with dimethylformamide in the Soxhlet apparatus it has been found an increase in the level of gel fraction (0.29 - 1.58%) with increasing the modifier content, which confirms the presence of a network structure of modified PU due to radical processes taking place during destruction with the modifier participation. The influence of alkaline and acidic media on the destruction level of both modified polyurethanes and their analogues depending on the modifier content under the influence of climatic chamber conditions has been studied. Comparative derivatographic studies in air of weight loss of modified polyurethanes have confirmed the structuring and thermostabilizing effect of DTC-Ni on the PU matrix due to the probable difficulty of oxygen diffusion to the polymer volume, while the spatial structure of PU-DTC-Fe reduces the thermal stability.
DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF POLYURETHANE FOAM COMPOSITE MATERIALS WITH LYSOZYME
Authors:   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, VISLOHUZOVA T.V. , ROZHNOVA R.A. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, GALATENKO N.A. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the development and research of the structure and properties of polyurethane foam (PUF) composite materials with the antibacterial enzyme lysozyme. A series of PUF composite materials with lysozyme of various concentrations (1, 3 and 5 wt %) were obtained. It is established that the immobilization of lysozyme occurs due to intermolecular hydrogen bonds by the method of IR spectroscopy. According to the results of physical-mechanical tests the adhesive strength of polyurethane foam compositions with lysozyme is in the range of 0,82–1,16 MPa. The introduction of lysozyme into the composition of polyurethane foams and an increase its amount causes a decrease in the values of adhesion strength by 18,1–29,3 %. According to differential scanning calorimetry the tested systems are single-phase with a glass transition temperature in the range of -49,20 to -49,86 °C. The introduction of lysozyme into the composition causes an increase heating capacity at the glass transition, which can be associated with a decrease of the packing density of macrochains resulting in an increase in free volume, which leads to an increase molecular mobility. According to the results of the analysis of transmission optical microscopy micrographs the studied PUF have a microporous structure, which depends on the content of filler in their composition. It was found that the presence of lysozyme in the composition of composite materials leads to a decrease in the percentage of porosity, an increase in the number of pores with a diameter of up to 300 μm, which is 76,7–82,4 % (while for PUF – 69,5 %) and the absence of pores with a diameter larger than 990 μm. Thermogravimetric characteristics indicate the heat resistance of the synthesized PUF to a temperature of 179,95 °C, which allows dry sterilization of samples without changing their characteristics. PUF composite materials with lysozyme are promising materials that can be used in medical practice as polymer compositions for the treatment of wounds and burns.
DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIAL WITH CEFAZOLIN BASED ON POLYURETHANE WITH ISOCYANURATE FRAGMENTS
Authors:   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, GLADYR I.I. , ROZHNOVA R.A. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, NARAZHAYKO L.F. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, NECHAEVA L.YU. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, PRIMUSHKO S.O. ,   Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48 Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine
Published: September 2021

Institute of Chemistry of Macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine Developed polymer composite material with Cefazolin based on polyurethane with isocyanurate fragments (PU), synthesized on the basis of polyoxypropylene glycol (POPG 1000), TDI (2,4;2,6-toluene diisocyanate) and 2,4,6-triisocyanate(trishexamethylene) isocyanate (ICC, Tolonate ™ HDT-LV, MM 1200) at a ratio of NCO: OH = 1: 1 in the medium N,N’-dimethylacetamide (DMAA) and Cefazolin (CFZ). CFZ is immobilized on isocyanurate-containing polyurethane by introducing a solution of CFZ with DMA into the reaction the amount of 5 wt. %. The synthesized polymeric material (PU-CFZ) represents a transparent film of yellow color with physical and mechanical characteristics: σ = 0,15 MPa; ε = 63.40%. According to IR spectroscopy, Cefazolin is immobilized on the polymer matrix by physically due to hydrogen interactions. The influence of biological medium 199 (BM 199) on the structure and properties of PU-CFZ during incubation for 1, 3 and 6 months was studied. It was found that after incubation in BM 199, the structure of PU-CFZ changes as a result of the interaction of enzyme molecules that are part of BM 199 with urethane and amide groups of PU. According to the results of physical and mechanical studies, after incubation in BM 199 for 6 months, PU-CFZ samples are characterized by tensile strength of 0.36 MPa and elongation at break of 98%, ie retain sufficient performance for use in biological objects for up to 6 months. Composite materials with Cefazolin are able to prolong the release of the drug for 28 days in an amount of about 30%, which is sufficient to provide a local therapeutic effect. According to the results of the cytotoxicity study of the developed material by in vitro tissue culture, it was found that the composite material based on isocyanurate-containing polyurethane with Cefazolin is biocompatible.
Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de toxoplasmose gestacional e congênita decorrentes do surto populacional
Authors: Righi Natiele Camponogara , Hermes Letícia , Piccini Júlia Danezi , Branco Jerônimo Costa , Skupien Jovito Adiel , Weinmann Angela Regina Maciel , Valadão Maria Clara da Silva , Schuch Natielen Jacques
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de toxoplasmose gestacional e congênita notificados na cidade de Santa Maria – RS, decorrentes do surto ocorrido no ano de 2018 e investigar a associação entre as variáveis maternas e o diagnóstico do bebê.Método: foram avaliados retrospectivamente os casos notificados entre o período de março de 2018 a março de 2019. O diagnóstico do bebê e variáveis maternas foram analisados através de estatística descritiva e teste qui-quadrado.Resultados: Durante o período do estudo, foram notificados 206 casos de toxoplasmose gestacional, dos quais 74 foram confirmados como infecção recente. A transmissão vertical foi confirmada em 27% dos casos. Houve maior freqüência de transmissão em gestantes que tiveram o diagnóstico no terceiro trimestre de gestação (p=0,001) e que não realizaram tratamento durante a gestação (p<0,001).Conclusão: A ocorrência da toxoplasmose congênita está associada ao diagnóstico tardio, no último trimestre da gestação, e consequente falta do tratamento adequado. Ainda, houve uma alta prevalência de crianças infectadas por transmissão vertical decorrentes do surto, o que reforça a importância de um acompanhamento pré-natal e a atenção à necessidade da realização do tratamento e cuidado adequados no decorrer do desenvolvimento das crianças infectadas.
Comparative evaluation of seminal plasma proteins in Holsteiner and East Bulgarian horse breeds in relation to functional parameters of spermatozoa
Authors: Ivanova M. G. , Georgiev B. A. , Taushanova P. S. , Gradinarska D. G. , Tsvetkov T. S. , Shekerov Z. A.
Published: September 2021

The present research was focused on the differentiation of specific proteins in the seminal plasma (SP) of two horse breeds - Holsteiner (n=4) and East Bulgarian (n=4) and their relation with indivi­dual or breed characteristics, kinematic parameters of spermatozoa and the sperm head area. After CASA analysis of 8 ejaculates, no statistical differences in the kinematic parameters of the sperms between the two horse breeds were found out with the exception of the sperm head area (P<0.05), which can be considered as a morphometric marker of breed affiliation. The values ​​for rapid sperm in East Bulgarian and Holsteiners were 28.1±0.2 μm2 and 19.9±0.3 μm2 respectively. The chromatographic analysis demonstrated specific quantitative and qualitative protein content of the individual chromatographic peaks (11 for Holsteiner and 15 for the Eastern Bulgarian breed), with similarity to the basic proteins. Three specific proteins with a molecular mass of 76 kDa, 21.6 kDa and 24.3 kDa, were differentiated by SDS PAGE in the Holsteiner breed, whereas in the Eastern Bulgarian horse breed they had a lower protein mass - 30.1 kDa and 14.2 kDa and 12.6 kDa. In conclusion, differences in the specific protein profile of Holsteiner and Eastern Bulgarian horse breeds are individually and naturally determined without significant effect on sperm kinematics. The sperm head area was a breed-specific difference.
Eating disorder in gambling disorder: A group with increased psychopathology
Authors: Lemón Linda , Fernández-Aranda Fernando , Jiménez-Murcia Susana , Håkansson Anders
Published: September 2021

Background and aims

Theoretical background and previous data provide some similarities between problematic gambling and eating behaviors, and a theoretically increased clinical severity in individuals suffering from both conditions. However, large datasets are lacking, and therefore, the present study aimed to study, in a nationwide register material, psychiatric comorbidity, age and gender in gambling disorder (GD) patients with or without eating disorder (ED).

Methods

Diagnostic data from a nationwide register were used, including all individuals with a GD diagnosis in specialized health care in Sweden, in the years 2005–2016 (N = 2,099). Patients with GD and an ED diagnosis (n = 57) were compared to GD patients without ED.

Results

Patients with GD+ED were significantly more likely than other GD patients to also have a diagnosis of drug use disorder, depressive disorders, bipolar disorders, other mood disorder, anxiety disorders, personality disorders, and neuropsychiatric disorders, when controlling for gender. In logistic regression, a comorbid ED in GD was associated with female gender, younger age, depressive disorder and personality disorders.

Discussion and conclusion

In nationwide register data, despite the low number of GD+ED patients, GD patients with ED appear to have a more severe psychiatric comorbidity than GD patients without ED. The combined GD+ED conditions may require particular screening and clinical attention, as well as further research in larger and longitudinal studies.
Rapid growth in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Lee Yerim , Ng Michelle , Daniel Kristin , Wayne Elizabeth
Published: September 2021

From Operation Warp Speed to the lipid mRNA vaccine, the COVID-19 pandemic has been a watershed moment for technological development, production, and implementation. The scale and pace of innovation and global collaboration has likely not been experienced since World War II. This article highlights some of the engineering accomplishments that occurred during the pandemic. We provide a broad overview of the technological achievements in vaccine design, antibody engineering, drug repurposing, and rapid diagnostic testing. We also discuss what the future of these technologies and the future of large-scale collaborations might look like moving forward.

Graphic abstract
VOC Slave Trading Strategies on the Madagascar to Cape Slave Route, 1676-1781
Authors: Reidy Michael Charles
Published: September 2021

No abstract
Intensive therapy for speech rehabilitation of a patient with cleft lip and palate: a case report
Authors: Vieira Fernanda Keller Abrantes , Correia Ingrid , Coelho Ana Cristina , Picinato-Pirola Melissa
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Intensive therapy is an alternative to accelerate the therapeutic process of individuals with cleft lip and palate. The purpose of this study is to describe an intensive speech therapy program and compare the results before and after the program on a child with previously operated right unilateral cleft lip and palate and velopharyngeal insufficiency, using a speech bulb. Sixty therapy sessions were carried out over a 4-week period. Before and after, anamnesis, speech assessment and evaluation of the velopharyngeal function with nasofibroscopy, were performed. The patient presented with adequate resonance and speech intelligibility, reduction of obligatory disorders and compensatory articulations, after intensive therapy with the speech bulb and reduction of velopharyngeal gap, after intensive therapy with and without the speech bulb. Progress was achieved with the intensive speech therapy.
Panorama de tres países latinoamericanos en problemas de voz relacionados con condiciones de trabajo
Authors: Mello Maria Celina Malebran Bezerra de , Cantor-Cutiva Lady Catherine , Ferreira Léslie Piccolotto
Published: September 2021

RESUMEN Objetivo Identificar el panorama normativo sobre problemas de voz de origen ocupacional en tres países latinoamericanos: Brasil, Chile y Colombia. Método Investigación documental centrada en las normas y estadísticas en voz laboral en los países citados. Resultados En los tres países incluidos existe normatividad que regula la relación entre trabajo y salud vocal. Conclusión Aunque diversas investigaciones han reportado el efecto negativo de condiciones de trabajo adversas sobre el funcionamiento vocal, es frecuente que trabajadores con problemas vocales continúen ejerciendo sus labores en estos ambientes, lo que disminuye su calidad de vida, y aumenta los costos asociados. El estudio demuestra que se observan limitaciones en la puesta en práctica de la normatividad. Los aspectos débiles detectados en este estudio podrían beneficiarse de investigaciones multicéntricas que fortalezcan acciones fonoaudiológicas en prevención, promoción, diagnóstico y rehabilitación.
The Relation between Positive Humor Use and Authenticity: Mediation of Cognitive Flexibility and Psychological Vulnerability
Authors: SARIÇALI Mehmet , TÜRKÜM Ayşe Sibel
Published: September 2021

In the literature, authenticity is stressed as one of the main sources of well-being. At the same time, authenticity is considered as crucial for functional therapeutic outcomes in many counseling approaches and therapeutic relationships. However, although authenticity is considered as an inherent determinant of well-being and therapeutic functioning, there are hardly any studies to explain authenticity. Therefore, the goal of the current study is to examine the mediating roles of cognitive flexibility and psychological vulnerability in the relationship between positive humor use and authenticity amongst undergraduate participants. In the study, data were collected from 660 participants through the Short Form of Authenticity Inventory, Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, Psychological Vulnerability Scale, Humor Styles Questionnaire and a personal information sheet. In the analysis of the data, a bootstrapping-based multi-mediation test was used. According to the results of the mediation test, partial mediation model was confirmed. In other words, it was revealed that the use of positive humor predicts authenticity both directly and indirectly through cognitive flexibility and psychological vulnerability. Findings were integrated and discussed within the framework of the relevant literature, and recommendations were offered.
Long-term Care Hospitals and Changing Elderly Care in South Korea
Authors: Na Seonsam
Published: September 2021

Until recently in South Korea, the central dilemma facing children with ageing parents was how and by whom their parents should be cared for. In accordance with the norm of filial piety, the eldest son used to take responsibility. However, with the recent proliferation of long-term care hospitals, this arrangement is changing. These institutions, which play the combined role of rehabilitative hospital, long-term care centre, and nursing home, admit elderly people who do not require active medical intervention. The government’s promotion of these hospitals, centred on deregulation, ambiguity around their function, and the lack of alternative care facilities, has led to an expansion of the sector and consequently to the ‘nursing hom(e)fication’ of many of these institutions. While these hospitals ease the pressures associated with an ageing population, their mainstreaming has had an impact on healthcare, medicine, and the lives of elderly people. The hospital field has become commercialised, medical practice is being transformed, and the dignity of elderly people is being lost through hospitalisation. In this new care regime, filial piety itself is undergoing transformation—from an ideology underpinning the domestication of care, to the market idiom of service compliance. In this article, I introduce these hospitals and investigate how their growth has brought about a Korean style of elderly care commodification, revealing the undercurrents of healthcare privatisation and the neoliberalisation of welfare.
(In)Visible Disease: Motions and Emotions Engendered by Papers and Diagnostics of People Accessing Healthcare in Burkina Faso
Authors: Bjertrup Pia Juul
Published: September 2021

Within the last decade, challenges of diagnosis have emerged on the global health agenda, accompanied by an expansion in the use of point-of-care and rapid detection devices in low-resource contexts where laboratory facilities are scarce. Few studies have explored how these changes are shaping people’s diagnostic journeys and their modes of accessing such technologies. In this paper I show how sick people and their families in a peri-urban area in Burkina Faso attempt to access diagnostic technologies and make themselves visible to the healthcare system through papers. In this context, I show how referral papers and diagnostic papers take on significance for people as they attempt to access care and diagnostic technologies and ‘carry’ knowledge between different levels of the healthcare system. The use of papers is often an uncertain undertaking, as they remain unintelligible to the sick and the layperson. I highlight how the form of the papers makes a crucial difference to the ways that sick people are able to use them. Papers and diagnostic technologies present both opportunities and challenges, and simultaneously engender hope, uncertainty, disappointment, and despair for the sick seeking a cure. Uncertainties, especially financial ones, arise with the possibility of new referrals and diagnostic tests, and along the way many give up or are immobilised when faced with diagnostic ambiguity.
When Refugees Care for Refugees in Lebanon: Providing Contextually Appropriate Care from the Ground Up
Authors: Duclos Diane , Fouad Fouad Mohamed , Blanchet Karl
Published: September 2021

Despite a surge in initiatives to integrate foreign-trained physicians into local health systems and a drive to learn from localised humanitarian initiatives under the COVID-19 pandemic, we still know little about the on-the-ground strategies developed by refugee doctors to meet the needs of refugee patients. In Lebanon, displaced Syrian health professionals have mounted informal, local responses to care for displaced Syrian patients. Drawing on ethnographic work shadowing these healthcare providers across their medical and non-medical activities, we explore how clinical encounters characterised by shared histories of displacement can inform humanitarian medicine. Our findings shed light on the creation of breathing spaces in crises. In particular, our study reveals how displaced healthcare workers cope with uncertainty, documents how displaced healthcare workers expand the category of ‘appropriate care’ to take into account the economic and safety challenges faced by patients, and locates the category of ‘informality’ within a complex landscape of myriad actors in Lebanon. This research article shows that refugee-to-refugee healthcare is not restricted to improvised clinical encounters between ‘frontliners’ and ‘victims of war’. Rather, it is proactively enacted from the ground up to foster appropriate care relationships in the midst of violent, repeated, and protracted disruptions to systems of care.
Social and Political Interaction of Local Communities in the Region in the Context of Reactive Relations: Cases of Urban Space Improvement
Authors:   Kemerovo State University (Kemerovo, Russian Federation), Kranzeeva Elena A. , Golovatsky Evgeny V. ,   Kemerovo State University (Kemerovo, Russian Federation), Orlova Anna V. ,   Kemerovo State University (Kemerovo, Russian Federation)
Published: September 2021

The relevance of the study is associated with the speed of modern sociopolitical processes in the territories, the emergence of new participants and tools for achieving their own and collective interests. The aim of the article is to describe the real urban processes of sociopolitical interaction in the conditions of reactive relations, taking into account the interests and positions of the participants, the content and dynamics of interaction. The methodological basis of the study is the concept of social action and power relations by M. Weber, the concept of resources by A. Giddens, research works by L.L. Shpak, who considers interaction in the aggregate of regional everyday sociopolitical practices. The article proposes a framework for the study of rapid reactive actions and relationships that can significantly accelerate the flow of social and political interactions. The analysis of reactive relations, the dynamics of the nature of social and political interaction on the scale of the urban space, as well as confirmation of signs of reactivity of relations, is based on the analysis of two cases of Kemerovo related to the improvement of the urban space, demonstrating at the same time the practice of social and political communications. For the Statue of Saint Barbara case, the method of content analysis is used to study the Internet audience; the method allows analyzing the density and coherence of information communications taking into account the inclusion and/or belonging of users in relation to the analyzed data. The use of the method of analyzing event data in the media (event analysis) for the Lazurny case illustrates the dynamics of social and political interaction. As a result, it has been revealed that, in the context of new reactive relations, the communicative potential of ordinary users (citizens) grows in the social and political interaction of a city or a certain territory. The practices of social interaction considered in the article are replenished from the implementation of innovative projects within the framework of urban communities. An important role is played by the constantly changing conditions for the transmission and accumulation of information significant in the urban space, as well as by the activity resource – active drivers of modern communication. The prospect of further research is the search for new tools and indicators of a new quality of social and political interaction in the context of reactive relations