bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cyclooxygenase-2 plays a crucial role during myocardial patterning of developing chick
Authors: Parmar Bhaval K. , Verma Urja R. , Vaishnav Juhi A. , Balakrishnan Suresh
Published: December 2022

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a member of the Cyclooxygenase family, initiates the biosynthesis of prostanoids that regulates various cellular functions. Our pilot attempt revealed that the administration of etoricoxib, an inhibitor specific for COX-2, induces abnormal looping in the chicken heart. The present study attempts to reveal the mechanistic details of etoricoxib-induced abnormal cardiac looping. The activity of COX-2 was inhibited by administering 3.5 μg of etoricoxib into the egg’s air cell on day zero of incubation. The gene and protein expression patterns of key mediators of heart development were then analyzed on day 2 (HH12) and day 3 (HH20). Reduced COX-2 activity altered the expressions of upstream regulators of organogenesis like Wnt11, BMP4, and SHH in the etoricoxib-exposed embryos. The observed expression shifts in the downstream regulators of myocardial patterning (MYOCD, HAND2, GATA4, GATA5, and GATA6) in the treated embryos corroborate the above results. In addition, the reduction in COX-2 activity hampered cardiomyocyte proliferation with a concomitant increase in the apoptosis rate. In conclusion, the collective effect of altered expression of signaling molecules of myocardial patterning and compromised cardiomyocyte turnover rate could be the reason behind the looping defects observed in the heart of etoricoxib-treated chick embryos.
Global Trends and Hotspots in Endoscopic Discectomy: A Study Based on Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Wu Boyu , Yang Lei , Fu Chengwei , Zhuo Yue , Feng Xiang , Xiong Hui
Published: December 2022

Objective: With the advancement of minimally invasive spine surgery, endoscopic discectomy (ED) has become a common technique for degenerative disease of the spine. The present study aimed to explore the knowledge structure, emerging trends, and future research hotspots in this field.Methods: All relevant publications on ED from 2002 to 2021 were extracted from the Web of Science databases. Key bibliometric indicators, including countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords were calculated and evaluated using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software.Results: A total of 1,196 articles and reviews were included for analysis. The number of publications regarding ED increased yearly. From the quality and quantity viewpoint, China, South Korea, and the United States were the major contributors in this field. The most influential institution in the field of ED was Wooridul Spine Hospital. We identified 3,488 authors, among which Lee SH had the most significant number of papers, and Ruetten S was cocited most often. <World Neurosurgery was the journal with the most papers, and Spine was the most commonly cocited journal. Keywords were stratified into 4 clusters by VOSviewer software: cluster 1 (clinical outcomes of ED in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation); cluster 2 (surgical technique of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy); cluster 3 (clinical outcomes of ED in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis); and cluster 4 (clinical outcomes of percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy). Several topics including lateral recess stenosis, spinal stenosis, and reoperation were considered as the next hotspot in ED research.Conclusion: ED research has gained considerable attention over the last 2 decades. Our bibliometric findings illuminate the publication trends and research hotspots of the ED field, which may provide useful references for scholars and decision-makers interested in this field.
A Nomogram Model for Prediction of Tracheostomy in Patients With Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Jian Yunbo , Sun Dawei , Zhang Zhengfeng
Published: December 2022

Objective: To develop a nomogram for the prediction of tracheostomy in patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (TCSCI).Methods: A total of 689 TCSCI patients were included in our study. First, the variable selection was performed using between-group comparisons and LASSO regression analysis. Second, a multivariate logistic regression analysis (MLRA) with a step-by-step method was performed. A nomogram model was developed based on the MLRA. Finally, the model was validated on the training set and validation set.Results: The nomogram prediction model incorporated 5 predictors, including smoking history, dislocation, thoracic injury, American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grade, and neurological level of injury (NLI). The area under curve in the training group and in the validation group were 0.883 and 0.909, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test result was p = 0.153. From the decision curve analysis curve, the model performed well and was feasible to make beneficial clinical decisions.Conclusion: The nomogram combining dislocation, thoracic injury, ASIA grade A, NLI, and smoking history was validated as a reliable model for the prediction of tracheostomy.
A Narrative Review of Advances in Neural Precursor Cell Transplantation Therapies for Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Kitagawa Takahiro , Nagoshi Narihito , Okano Hideyuki , Nakamura Masaya
Published: December 2022

A spinal cord injury (SCI) is a destructive event that causes a permanent deficit in neurological function because of poor regenerative potential. Transplantation therapies have attracted attention for restoration of the injured spinal cord, and transplantation of neural precursor cells (NPCs) has been studied worldwide. Several groups have demonstrated functional recovery via this therapeutic intervention due to the multiple beneficial effects of NPC transplantation, such as reconstruction of neuronal circuits, remyelination of axons, and neuroprotection by trophic factors. Our group developed a method to induce NPCs from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and established a transplantation strategy for SCI. Functional improvement in SCI animals treated with hiPSC-NPCs was observed, and the safety of transplanting these cells was evaluated from multiple perspectives. With selection of a safe cell line and pretreatment of the cells to encourage maturation and differentiation, hiPSC-NPC transplantation therapy is now in the clinical phase of testing for subacute SCI. In addition, a research challenge will be to expand the efficacy of transplantation therapy for chronic SCI. More comprehensive strategies involving combination treatments are required to treat this problematic situation.
Characteristics and Comparisons of Morphometric Measurements and Computed Tomography Hounsfield Unit Values of C2 Laminae for Translaminar Screw Placement Between Patients With and Without Basilar Invagination
Authors: Zhou Lu-Ping , Shang Jin , Zhang Zhi-Gang , Jiang Zhen-Fei , Zhang Hua-Qing , Jia Chong-Yu , Zhang Ren-Jie , Shen Cai-Liang
Published: December 2022

Objective: Patients with basilar invagination (BI) had high incidences of vertebral variations and high-riding vertebral artery (HRVA) that might restrict the use of pedicle or pars screw and increase the use of translaminar screw on axis. Here, we conducted a radiographic study to investigate the feasibility of translaminar screws and the bone quality of C2 laminae in patients with BI, which were compared with those without BI as control to provide guidelines for safe placement.Methods: In this study, a total of 410 patients (205 consecutive patients with BI and 205 matched patients without BI) and 820 unilateral laminae of the axis were included at a 1:1 ratio. Comparisons with regard to insertion parameters (laminar length, thickness, angle, and height) for C2 translaminar screw placement and Hounsfield unit (HU) values for the assessment of the appropriate bone mineral density of C2 laminae between BI and control groups were performed. Besides, the subgroup analyses based on the Goel A and B classification of BI, HRVA, atlas occipitalization, and C2/3 assimilation were also carried out. Furthermore, the factors that might affect the insertion parameters and HU values were explored through multiple linear regression analyses.Results: The BI group showed a significantly smaller laminar length, thickness, height, and HU value than the control group, whereas no significant difference was observed regarding the laminar angle. By contrast, the control group showed significantly higher rates of acceptability for unilateral and bilateral translaminar screw fixations than the BI group. Subgroup analyses showed that the classification of Goel A and B, HRVA, atlas occipitalization, and C2/3 assimilation affected the insertion parameters except the HU values. Multiple linear regression indicated that the laminar length was significantly associated with the male gender (B = 0.190, p < 0.001), diagnoses of HRVA (B = -0.109, p < 0.001), Goel A (B = -0.167, p < 0.001), and C2/3 assimilation (B = -0.079, p = 0.029); the laminar thickness was significantly associated with the male gender (B = 0.353, p < 0.001), diagnoses of HRVA (B = -0.430, p < 0.001), Goel B (B = -0.249, p = 0.026), and distance from the top of odontoid to the Chamberlain line (B = -0.025, p = 0.003); laminar HU values were significantly associated with age (B = -2.517, p < 0.001), Goel A (B = -44.205, p < 0.001), Goel B (B = -25.704, p = 0.014), and laminar thickness (B = -11.706, p = 0.001).Conclusion: Patients with BI had narrower and smaller laminae with lower HU values and lower unilateral and bilateral acceptability for translaminar screws than patients without BI. Preoperative 3-dimensional computed tomography (CT) and CT angiography were needed for BI patients.
Freehand Juxtapedicular Screws Placed in the Apical Concavity of Adult Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients: Technique, Computed Tomography Confirmation, and Radiographic Results
Authors: Schupper Alexander J. , Lin James D. , Osorio Joseph A. , Lee Nathan J. , Steinberger Jeremy M , Lombardi Joseph M. , Lehman Ronald A. , Lenke Lawrence G.
Published: December 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study is to highlight our technique for freehand placement of juxtapedicular screws along with intraoperative computed tomography (CT) and radiographic results.Methods: Consecutive patients with adult idiopathic scoliosis undergoing primary surgery by the senior author were identified. All type D (absent/slit like channel) pedicles were identified on preoperative CT. Three-dimensional visualization software was used to measure screw angulation and purchase. Radiographs were measured by a fellowship trained spine surgeon. The freehand technique was used to place all screws in a juxtapedicular fashion without any fluoroscopic, radiographic, navigational or robotic assistance.Results: Seventy-three juxtapedicular screws were analyzed. The most common level was T7 (9 screws) on the left and T5 (12 screws) on the right. The average medial angulation was 20.7° (range, 7.1°–36.3°), lateral vertebral body purchase was 13.4 mm (range, 0–28.9 mm), and medial vertebral body purchase was 21.1 mm (range, 8.9–31.8 mm). More than half (53.4%) of the screws had bicortical purchase. Two screws were lateral on CT scan, defined by the screw axis lateral to the lateral vertebral body cortex. No screws were medial. There was a difference in medial angulation between screws with (n = 58) and without (n = 15) lateral body purchase (22.0 ± 4.9 vs. 15.5 ± 4.5, p < 0.001). Three of 73 screws were repositioned after intraoperative CT. There were no neurovascular complications. The mean coronal cobb corrections for main thoracic and lumbar curves were 83.0% and 80.5%, respectively, at an average of 17.5 months postoperative.Conclusion: Freehand juxtapedicular screw placement is a safe technique for type D pedicles in adult idiopathic scoliosis patients.
Cervical Inclination Angle: Normative Values in an Adult Multiethnic Asymptomatic Population
Authors: Huec Jean Charles Le , Sardar Zeeshan M. , Quarto Emanuele , Cerpa Meghan , Kelly Michael P. , Hasegawa Kazuhiro , Dennis Hey Hwee Weng , Wong Hee-Kit , Riahi Hend , Lenke Lawrence G. , Bourret Stéphane ,   MEANS study group
Published: December 2022

Objective: The role of the craniocervical complex in spinal sagittal alignment has rarely been analyzed but it may play a fundamental role in postoperative mechanical complications. The aim of the study is to analyze the normative value of the cervical inclination angle (CIA) in an adult asymptomatic multiethnic population.Methods: Standing full-spine EOS of adult asymptomatic volunteers from 5 different countries were analyzed. The CIA was analyzed globally and then in each decade of life. Different ethnicities were compared. Comparisons between different groups was performed using a t-test and statistical significance was considered with a p-value < 0.05.Results: EOS of 468 volunteers were analyzed. The global mean CIA was 80.2° with a maximum difference of 9° between T1 and T12 (p < 0.001). The CIA remains constant until 60 years old then decreases significantly passing from a mean value before 20 years old of 82.25° to 73.65° after 70 years old. A statistically significant difference was found between the Arabics and other ethnicities with the formers having an inferior CIA: this was related to a mean older age (p < 0.05) and higher body mass index (p < 0.05) in the Arabics.Conclusion: The CIA remains constant until 60 years old and then reduces slightly but never under 70°. This angle is helpful to evaluate the lever arm at the upper instrumented vertebra after an adult spinal deformity surgery and could predict the occurrence of a proximal junctional kyphosis when its value is lower than normal. Further clinical studies must confirm this theory.
Defining Cervical Sagittal Plane Deformity – When Are Sagittal Realignment Procedures Necessary in Patients Presenting Primarily With Radiculopathy or Myelopathy?
Authors: Nemani Venu M. , Louie Philip K. , Drolet Caroline E. , Rhee John M.
Published: December 2022

Objective: It remains unclear whether cervical sagittal deformity (CSD) should be defined by radiographic parameters alone versus both clinical and radiographic factors, and whether radiographic malalignment by itself warrants a CSD corrective surgery in patients who present primarily with neurologic symptoms.Methods: We administered a survey to a group of expert surgeons to evaluate whether radiographic parameters alone were sufficient to diagnose CSD, and in which scenarios surgeons recommend a CSD realignment procedure versus addressing the neurologic symptoms alone.Results: No single radiographic criteria reached a 50% threshold as being sufficient to establish the diagnosis of CSD. When asymptomatic radiographic malalignment was present, a sagittal deformity correction was more likely to be recommended in patients with myelopathy versus those with radiculopathy alone. The majority of surgeons recommended deformity correction when symptoms of cervical deformity were present in addition to radiographic malalignment (85% with deformity symptoms and radiculopathy, 93% with deformity symptoms and myelopathy).Conclusion: There is no consensus on which radiographic and/or clinical criteria are necessary to define the presence of CSD. We recommend that symptoms of cervical deformity, in addition to radiographic parameters, be considered when deciding whether to perform deformity correction in patients who present primarily with myelopathy or radiculopathy.
STRATEGIC PLANNING DOCUMENTS IN THE MIRROR OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIA
Authors: Bezrukov A.V.
Published: December 2022

The legal nature, role and significance of strategic planning documents in the context of the constitutionaland legal development of modern Russia are revealed. Based on the analysis of the provisions of theConstitution of the Russian Federation and legislation, the paramount importance of such documents inthe development of constitutional doctrine and practice is shown. Attention is drawn to the role of lawenforcement agencies in the formation and implementation of strategic planning documents in the contextof improving the constitutional and legal policy of Russia.
FEATURES AND LEGAL CONSEQUENCES OF ADOPTION OF CHILDREN OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN BY FOREIGN CITIZENS
Authors: Zhumanova K.T.
Published: December 2022

The Convention on the Protection of Children and Cooperation in the Adoption of Foreigners and thelegislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan recognize children as independent persons with certain rights frombirth. There are several traditional forms of parenting. The most important legal institute is the adoptioninstitute. Adoption is the legal acceptance of a child into a family. A child as a relative has all the rightsand obligations of both a son and a daughter, and for parents this is the highest degree of responsibility forthe fate of the child and its full development. The reason for the importance of the institution of adoptionis that in our state great attention is paid to the priority of family education, and for children in need ofguardianship, only the institution of adoption can provide such an educational form. Every child should bewarm in a friendly, prosperous family.
THE SPECIFICITY OF THE POWERS OF THE EXECUTIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE BODY OF THE MUNICIPAL FORMATION
Authors: Kazantseva O.L.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the powers of the executive and administrative body of themunicipality. The local administration is a mandatory body in the structure of local self-government bodies,is headed by the head of the local administration on the principles of unity of command and has generalcompetence. The specifics of the legal status of the local administration is expressed in the fact that itspowers, unlike other local self-government bodies, are not directly regulated by federal legislation, theyare determined by the charters of municipalities. Since there are no general requirements and criteria fordetermining the powers of local administrations, this approach causes a number of problems that arise inpractice. This article provides suggestions and recommendations for their elimination.
Primary copper-associated chronic hepatitis without copper metabolism domain containing 1 mutation in a Dalmatian: a case report
Authors: Yun Sumin , Lee Dohee , Oh Jimin , Chae Yeon , Yun Taesik , Koo Yoonhoi , Yang Mhan-Pyo , Kang Byeong-Teck , Kim Hakhyun
Published: December 2022

A 12-year-old intact male Dalmatian dog presented hyporexia and vomiting for 1 week. Blood analysis revealed increased liver enzyme activity. Histopathological examination of the liver confirmed chronic hepatitis with fibrosis and necrosis. Copper staining revealed marked copper accumulation (2,770 ppm; normal range, 200 to 400 ppm), prominent in the centrilobular region, and compatible with copper-associated chronic hepatitis. However, copper metabolism domain containing 1 (COMMD1) mutation predisposing to copper accumulation in the liver tissue was not identified. The dog received medications but died 1 month after first visit. This is the first case of primary copper-associated hepatitis without COMMD1 mutation in a Dalmatian dog in South Korea.
Vicarious excretion of contrast medium to small intestine in a dog with Toxocara canis infection
Authors: Park Sieun , Ahn Jin-Ok , Chung Jinyoung , Lee Kija , Park Inchul , Choi Sooyoung
Published: December 2022

A male mixed-breed dog of unknown age was presented with a history of bloody diarrhea and cachexia. Toxocara canis in vomitus was identified by a parasitologist. Hematology revealed low hematocrit, eosinophilia, and low albumin. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an enlarged pulmonary artery with an irregular wall, micronodules in the lung, and vicarious excretion of contrast medium to small intestine. CT scan was helpful for identifying lung lesions and the central organs of larval migration and also show vicarious excretion of contrast medium to the small intestine in T. canis infection.
The Efficiency of Distance Education Considering the Spread of COVID-19 in Saudi Universities
Authors: ALSAYSI Areej
Published: December 2022

The study aimed to verify the efficiency of distance education in light of the spread of COVID-19 in Saudi universities from the students’ point of view. The study reviewed the elements of the effectiveness of distance learning through the verification of the elements of the efficiency of distance education. It used descriptive curricula based on a questionnaire of 29 items distributed over six axes and applied to a random sample of 380 Saudi university students. The key results of the study were as follows. The efficiency of distance education in light of the spread of COVID-19 in Saudi universities was achieved with a degree ranging from medium to very high from the students’ point of view, as the necessary elements for distance education were achieved. In addition, the part of policies, regulations, and ethics in the field of distance education was completed to a high degree, reaching an average of 4.006. Providing the appropriate technology to accomplish the tasks required was achieved to a high degree as well with an average of 3.846. The study recommended that Saudi universities provide training programs to clarify the policies, regulations, and ethics of distance education through electronic education platforms and the Deanship of University Development.
Pengaruh Variasi Organic Loading Rate Limbah Buah Jeruk Terhadap Konversi Biohidrogen pada Reaktor Kontinyu Sirkulasi
Authors: Sinaga Nazarruddin , Farizan Praevia Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Salah satu energi alternatif terbarukan saat ini yang sedang dikembangkan untuk mengganti bahan bakar fosil adalah biohidrogen. Biohidrogen dapat diperoleh dari hasil fermentasi limbah biomassa berupa limbah jeruk. Jeruk mengandung senyawa yang dapat diolah untuk menghasilkan hidrogen melalui fermentasi anearob. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi Organic Loading Rate limbah buah jeruk yang diumpankan setiap harinya ke dalam biodigester terhadap produksi gas hidrogen yang dihasilkan. Gas hidrogen merupakan suatu senyawa yang memilki potensi yang cukup menjanjikan sebagai salah satu sumber energi untuk di masa depan. Energi dari hasil kalor pembakaran hidrogen ini mencapai 120,1 MJ/Kg, dimana angka ini bahkan hampir tiga kali lipat lebih besar dari energi yang dihasilkan pembakaran gasoline. Variasi Organic Loading Rate yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 2,25 L/hari dan 2,75 L/hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh organic loading rate terhadap produksi biohidrogen. Semakin besar OLR maka semakin besar gas hidrogen yang terbentuk. Hasil gas hidrogen yang diperoleh yaitu sebesar 11,728 %. Konversi limbah biomassa menjadi gas hidrogen dinilai mendukung konsep Waste to Energy pemerintah dan menjadi salah satu solusi energi alternatif di Indonesia. Gas hidrogen selanjutnya dapat dikonversi menjadi panas dan listrik.   One of kinds of renewable alternative energy source that can be developed to substitute fossil fuels is biohydrogen. Biohydrogen is obtained from the fermentation of biomass, orange waste. Oranges contain compounds that can be treated to produce hydrogen through anaerob fermentation. This research aims to determine the effect of organic rate’s variation of oranges that inputted per day to the biodigester. Organic loading rate that been used in this research were 2,25 L/day and 2,75 L/day. The results show that the influence of organic loading rate to biohydrogen production. The results reveal that the higher the OLR is, the more hydrogen is produced. The production of hydrogen on OLR 2.75 L is higher than OLR 2.25 L. The hydrogen production’s concentration is 11.728 %. The conversion of biomass waste into hydrogen gas is considered to support Indonesia governments about Waste to Energy concept and become one of the alternative energy solutions in Indonesia. Hydrogen gas can then be converted into heat and electricity.
Pembuatan Briket Arang Dari Kombinasi Bonggol Jagung Dan Tempurung Kelapa Dengan Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) sebagai Perekat
Authors: Rachma Asmaa Mufiida , Supriyo Edy
Published: December 2022

Kebutuhan bahan bakar di Indonesia semakin lama semakin meningkat dikarenakan aktivitas masyarakat yang juga semakin meningkat. Akibatnya bahan bakar yang tidak terbarukan semakin menipis dan menjadi ancaman serius bagi masyarakat. Salah satu energi alternatif yang dapat dilakukan adalah penggunaan biomassa. Biomassa ini dapat mengatasi kelangkaan bahan bakar fosil karena ketersediaan bahan yang melimpah di Indonesia. Limbah pertanian digunakan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif karena melimpah dan tidak dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Tempurung kelapa dan bonggol jagung merupakan contoh dari limbah padat pertanian yang tiap tahunnya bertambah produksinya. Maka dari itu kedua bahan tersebut digunakan sebagai bahan alternatif pembuatan briket arang pengganti bahan bakar fosil. Briket arang merupakan bahan bakar berbentuk padat yang mengandung karbon, menyala dalam waktu yang cukup lama, serta memiliki nilai kalor yang tinggi. Tempurung kelapa dan bonggol jagung diolah menjadi arang dan ditambah pengikat serta dilakukan pengolahan lebih lanjut untuk dijadikan briket. Perekat yang digunakan adalah perekat PVAc (Polyvinyl Acetate). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode factorial design dengan 8 percobaan dan variasi suhu yang digunakan 400oC dan 500oC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi briket yang terbaik adalah variasi 10 gram tempurung kelapa dan 8 gram bonggol jagung dengan suhu karbonisasi 500oC, briket ini memiliki nilai kalor 7220,12 Cal/g, kadar abu 7,913%, dan kadar air 7,1%.   The need for fuel in Indonesia is increasing over time due to increasing community activities. As a result, non-renewable fuels are running low and become a serious threat to society. One alternative energy that can be done is the use of biomass. This biomass can overcome the scarcity of fossil fuels due to the availability of abundant materials in Indonesia. Agricultural waste is used as an alternative fuel because it is abundant and not used optimally. Coconut shells and corn cobs are examples of agricultural solid wastes which increase in production every year. Therefore, these two materials are used as alternative materials for making charcoal briquettes to replace fossil fuels. Charcoal briquettes are solid fuels that contain carbon, burn for a long time, and have a high calorific value. Coconut shells and corn cobs are processed into charcoal and added with binders and further processing is carried out to make briquettes. The adhesive used is PVAc (Polyvinyl Acetate) adhesive. This study used the factorial design method with 8 experiments and the temperature variations used were 400oC and 500oC. The results showed that the best variation of briquettes was the variation of 10 grams of coconut shell and 8 grams of corn cobs with a carbonization temperature of 500oC, these briquettes had a calorific value of 7220.12 Cal/g, ash content of 7.913%, and water content of 7.1%.
Pengaruh Massa Adsorben Blending CaO Dari Cangkang Telur dan Karbon Teraktivasi untuk Adsorpsi Zat Warna Methylene Blue
Authors: Oko Syarifuddin , Kurniawan Andri , Angreni Dewi
Published: December 2022

Industri tekstil merupakan salah satu penyebab pencemaran lingkungan akibat zat warna yang digunakan dalam proses pencelupan tekstil. Limbah zat warna yang dihasilkan oleh industri tekstil merupakan senyawa organik non-biodegradable yang dapat mencemari lingkungan terutama pada lingkungan perairan. Methylene blue merupakan salah satu zat organik pencemar yang tidak dapat terurai karena terdapat gugus benzena yang sulit terdegradasi. Cara yang paling mudah untuk mengolah limbah cair industri tekstil adalah dengan cara adsorpsi. Cangkang telur adalah salah satu adsorben yang murah dan mudah didapat, juga adsorben lain yang digunakan adalah karbon aktif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh massa adsorben CaO:C terhadap efisiensi adsorpsi dan penurunan konsentrasi zat warna methylene blue. Cangkang telur terlebih dahulu di kalsinasi menggunakan furnace pada suhu 800oC selama 4 jam. Ukuran cangkang telur dan karbon aktif ialah 100 mesh. Adsorpsi dilakukan dengan rasio CaO:C yaitu 2:8 dan memvariasikan massa adsorben yaitu 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2; 2,5; 3; 3,5; 4; 6; 8; 10; 10,5 dan 11 gram. Proses adsorpsi dilakukan selama waktu kontak 60 menit dalam konsentrasi zat warna methylene blue 100 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan massa adsorben optimum ada pada massa 10 gram dengan konsentrasi akhir methylene blue 0,0139 ppm dan efisiensi adsorpsi 99,9861 %.  Society need for clothing has increased, which results in an increased number of factories in the textile industry. The textile industry is one of the causes of environmental pollution due to dyes used in the textile dyeing process. Dye waste produced by the textile industry is a non-biodegradable organic compound that can pollute the environment, especially in the aquatic environment. Methylene blue is one of the polluting organic substances that cannot decompose because there is a benzene group that is difficult to degrade. The alternative for handling the dye waste of the textile industry is the adsorption. Egg shells used because abundant amounts and are economical, and other adsorbens used are activated carbon. This study was to determine the effect of cao:c adsorben mass on adsorption efficiency and decreased concentration of methylene blue. The egg shell is first calcined using a furnace at a temperature of 800oC for 4 hours. The size of the egg shell and activated carbon is 100 mesh. Adsorption is carried out with a CaO:C ratio of 2:8 and varies the mass of adsorbens which is 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2; 2,5; 3; 3,5; 4; 6; 8; 10; 10,5 and 11 grams. The adsorption process is carried out during a contact time of 60 minutes at a concentration of methylene blue 100 ppm. The results showed the optimum adsorbens mass was at 10 grams with reduced the methylene blue concentration to 0,0139 ppm and the adsorption capacity obtained was 99,9861%.
One-third of patients with eclampsia at term do not have an abnormal angiogenic profile
Authors: Chaiworapongsa Tinnakorn , Romero Roberto , Gotsch Francesca , Gomez-Lopez Nardhy , Suksai Manaphat , Gallo Dahiana M. , Jung Eunjung , Levenson Dustyn , Tarca Adi L.
Published: December 2022

Objectives

An abnormal angiogenic profile is present in about one-half of women with preeclampsia at term. Few studies examined the roles of angiogenic biomarkers in eclampsia. The aims of this study were to determine (1) whether the degree of an anti-angiogenic state, reflected by a low placental growth factor (PlGF) to soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) ratio, in women with eclampsia differed from that of women with severe preeclampsia; and (2) the prevalence of women who had an abnormal angiogenic profile at the diagnoses of preterm and term eclampsia.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted to include women in the following groups: (1) uncomplicated pregnancy (n=40); (2) severe preeclampsia (n=50); and (3) eclampsia (n=35). Maternal serum concentrations of PlGF and sFlt-1 were determined by immunoassays.

Results

Women with preterm, but not term, eclampsia had a more severe anti-angiogenic state than those with severe preeclampsia (lower PlGF and PlGF/sFlt-1 ratio, each p<0.05). However, the difference diminished in magnitude with increasing gestational age (interaction, p=0.005). An abnormal angiogenic profile was present in 95% (19/20) of women with preterm eclampsia but in only 67% (10/15) of women with eclampsia at term.

Conclusions

Angiogenic biomarkers can be used for risk assessment of preterm eclampsia. By contrast, a normal profile of angiogenic biomarkers cannot reliably exclude patients at risk for eclampsia at term. This observation has major clinical implications given that angiogenic biomarkers are frequently used in the triage area as a test to rule out preeclampsia.
The Red Hen Anonymizer and the Red Hen Protocol for de-identifying audiovisual recordings
Authors: Khasbage Yash , Alcaraz Carrión Daniel , Hinnell Jennifer , Robertson Frankie , Singla Karan , Uhrig Peter , Turner Mark
Published: December 2022

Scientists of multimodal communication have no established policy or default tool for sharing de-identified audiovisual recordings. Recently, new technology has been developed that enables researchers to de-identify voice and appearance. These software tools can produce output in JSON format that specifies bodypose and face and hand keypoints in numerical form, suitable for computer search, machine learning, and sharing. The Red Hen Anonymizer is a new tool for de-identification. This article presents the Red Hen Anonymizer and discusses guidelines for its use.
Rigorous Mathematical Thinking: Conceptual Knowledge and Reasoning in the Case of Mathematical Proof
Authors: Firmasari Siska , Herman Tatang , Firdaus Eris Fanny
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze in-depth students' conceptual knowledge and reasoning when solving problems using mathematical proof as a rigorous mathematical thinking paradigm. The research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach that analyzes the mathematical proof ability of nine students who represent different cognitive functions from each level of rigorous mathematical thinking. The results showed that each level of rigorous mathematical thinking meant other indicators according to their ability to master conceptual knowledge and implement mathematical ideas through reasoning. This research has an impact on the treatment that the teacher must give in determining the learning model and evaluation instrument that can raise students' conceptual knowledge and reasoning.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara mendalam pengetahuan konseptual dan penalaran siswa ketika memecahkan masalah menggunakan pembuktian matematis sebagai paradigma berpikir matematis yang ketat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang menganalisis kemampuan pembuktian matematis sembilan siswa yang mewakili fungsi kognitif yang berbeda dari setiap tingkat pemikiran matematis yang teliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap tingkat berpikir matematis yang teliti berarti indikator lain sesuai dengan kemampuannya untuk menguasai pengetahuan konseptual dan mengimplementasikan ide-ide matematika melalui penalaran. Penelitian ini berdampak pada perlakuan yang harus diberikan guru dalam menentukan model pembelajaran dan instrumen evaluasi yang dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan konseptual dan penalaran siswa.
The Students' Numerical Literacy Ability in Junior High Schools
Authors: Tampa Alimuddin , Layly Saadah , Helmi Helmi , Alimuddin Nurul Fadhila
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze the students’ numerical literacy ability in junior high schools based on their status (accreditation and state/non-state schools). This study used the descriptive quantitative method. The participants were 150 students randomly selected from 2 state junior high schools (SMPN) based on the accreditation levels (A B) and 1 non-state school (SMP). The instrument used was the modified result of the Numerical Literacy Ability test developed by the Center for Assessment and Learning (Pusmenjar) of the Ministry of Education and Culture. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The research results indicated that: (1) the student’s numerical literacy skills in junior high schools were low for all domains and tended to be very low in geometry; (2) at the L1 level, students did not experience difficulties, but other levels did, especially L3; and (3) school status had no significant effect on the students' numerical literacy skills.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan literasi numerasi siswa di SMP berdasarkan statusnya (akreditasi dan sekolah negeri/non negeri). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif descriptive. Peserta tersebut merupakan 150 siswa yang dipilih secara acak dari 2 SMPN Negeri (SMPN) berdasarkan jenjang akreditasi (A/B) dan 1 sekolah non negeri (SMP). Instrumen yang digunakan merupakan hasil modifikasi dari uji Kemampuan Literasi Numerasi yang dikembangkan oleh Pusat Pengkajian dan Pembelajaran (Pusmenjar) Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) kemampuan literasi numerasi siswa di sekolah menengah pertama rendah untuk semua domain dan cenderung sangat rendah dalam geometri; (2) pada jenjang L1, siswa tidak mengalami kesulitan, tetapi jenjang lain mengalami kesulitan, terutama L3; dan (3) status sekolah tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan literasi numerik siswa.
Development of College Student Analytical Thinking Skills Through Evaluation Learning with Flip Book Assisted E-Books
Authors: Susiaty Utin Desy , Oktaviana Dwi , Firdaus Muhamad
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to compare college student analytical thinking skills in evaluation learning with and without flipbook-assisted e-books. The research method used is quasi-experimental with a nonequivalent control group research form. The sample in this study were fourth-semester college students. The result of the research is that the college student analytical thinking ability after being given a mathematics learning evaluation course with and without an e-book assisted by a flipbook is equally good. This study carries out the application of learning mathematics learning evaluation courses with e-books assisted by flipbooks as an effort to develop students' analytical thinking skills which are indispensable in solving problems in these subjects where so far no one has conducted research in this field. The implications of the research are by applying the learning of mathematics learning evaluation courses with e-books with the help of flipbooks to the maximum extent that they can develop college student analytical thinking skills.Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan kemampuan berpikir analitis mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran evaluasi dengan dan tanpa e-book berbantuan flipbook. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experimental dengan bentuk penelitian nonequivalent control group. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester IV. Hasil penelitian yaitu kemampuan berpikir analitis mahasiswa sesudah diberikan mata kuliah evaluasi pembelajaran matematika dengan dan tanpa e-book berbantuan flipbook sama baiknya. Penelitian ini mengusung penerapan pembelajaran mata kuliah evaluasi pembelajaran matematika dengan e-book berbantuan flipbook sebagai upaya dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir analitis mahasiswa yang sangat diperlukan dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan di mata kuliah tersebut dimana selama ini belum ada yang melakukan penelitian di bidang tersebut. Adapun implikasi dalam penelitian yaitu dengan melakukan penerapan pembelajaran mata kuliah evaluasi pembelajaran matematika dengan e-book berbantuan flipbook secara maksimal dapat mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir analitis mahasiswa.
Development of Rainbow Mathematics Card in TGT Learning For Increasing Mathematics Communication Ability
Authors: Sugianto Rahmad , Cholily Yus Mochamad , Darmayanti Rani , Rahmah Kamilia , Hasanah Niswatun
Published: December 2022

Mathematics communication, which includes writing, drawing, and expressing mathematics, is essential in learning mathematics. The teacher needs to design learning to develop the ability to communicate mathematically. Questions presented in the Rainbow Mathematics Card (RMC) allow participants to be educated to convey the ideas and concepts that become part of developing mathematics communication ability. The study aims to make mathematics communication ability TGT learning with RMC. A type study is a mixed method that is designed and experimented with in subjects research. Data was obtained through test mathematics ability communication before and after learning using a paired t-test. The results showed an enhanced mathematics communication ability through the TGT learning model with RMC.Komunikasi matematika yang meliputi menulis, menggambar, dan mengekspresikan matematika, sangat penting dalam pembelajaran matematika. Guru perlu merancang pembelajaran untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berkomunikasi matematis. Soal-soal yang disajikan dalam Rainbow Mathematic Card (RMC) memungkinkan peserta dididik untuk menyampaikan ide dan konsep yang menjadi bagian dari pengembangan kemampuan komunikasi matematika. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk tes peningkatan kemampuan matematis melalui pembelajaran TGT dengan RMC. Jenis studi adalah metode campuran yang kemudian dikembangkan dan dieksperimentasikan ke subjek penelitian. Data diperoleh melalui tes kemampuan komunikasi matematis sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran menggunakan uji t berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis melalui pembelajaran TGT dengan RMC.
Cost-benefit analysis of ergonomics-sustainability projects with analytic hierarchy process
Authors: YENER Hüseyin
Published: December 2022

Today, sustainability gets a top priority on the agenda of the shortage of natural resources and regulations. Managers seek how to give minimum damage to the environment while keeping productivity. Ergonomics has an answer to trying to smooth the relationships between man and the elements of a system to optimize the whole system's performance and human satisfaction. Ergonomics and sustainability have common areas of interest in putting a man into the centre. Managers always seek ways to improve productivity but investing in employee wellness is often ignored. They are hesitant to fund projects like ergonomics and environmental until savings are proven. The proposed model in this study using Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) together may convince the decision makers to approve the ergonomics or environmental projects easily, which are seen as a pure expense at first.
Impact of corporate social responsibility performed by Turkish banks related to COVID-19 on customer satisfaction and loyalty
Authors: YILMAZEL Sefa Emre , ÇİLLİOĞLU KARADEMİR Aslı
Published: December 2022

The study aims to evaluate the support provided by banks in the COVID-19 era and to investigate the effect on consumer preferences. In this direction, the effects of CSR variables (economic, legal, ethical, philanthropic) and corporate interactions (corporate image, CSR trust, corporate evaluation) on consumer preferences (customer satisfaction, customer loyalty) were investigated. The study collected data from bank customers who showed corporate social responsibility practices; in total, 346 data were collected in Turkey. Confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis were performed in the Amos 22.0 program. The results of this study demonstrated that the impact of CSR variables on corporate image, trust and evaluation had been proven. While economic and ethical responsibilities positively affect the corporate image, legal and philanthropic responsibilities increase consumers’ trust. In addition, legal responsibilities positively affect consumers' evaluation of the banks. The results also confirm that corporate image, trust and evaluation affect customer satisfaction and loyalty. With this study, it will be possible to improve the behaviour of banks in this direction in times of crisis by revealing the preferences of bank customers for corporate social responsibility components.
A study of factors influencing consumers’ willingness to purchase functional foods (protein enriched milk): The moderating effect of consumer innovativeness
Authors: İNAL Mert , BAŞAK YİĞİT Burçak , OKUTAN Semih
Published: December 2022

Functional foods are food products that provide new benefits to consumers in addition to nutritional benefits and promote a healthy lifestyle by modifying or enriching the content of various food items. Even though the functional food market is quickly expanding due to its highly dynamic and inventive structure, research on consumer expectations and needs in this subject is still restricted. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to determine the variables that affect consumers' willingness to purchase functional foods, as well as to examine the moderating effect of consumer innovativeness. Protein-enriched milk products were chosen as the functional food category in the study. The descriptive research approach was employed to reveal the variables' relations. The questionnaire form, which was produced as a result of a literature study to determine the suitable variables and scales, was administered to 420 participants living in Turkey between May and August 2021. The participants were selected using a convenience sampling technique. The Smart PLS 3.3.2 software and least squares path analysis (PLS-SEM) was used to assess the research hypothesis. According to the findings, the propensity to live a healthy lifestyle and consumer innovativeness significantly and positively affect various dimensions of functional food purchase willingness. On the other hand, consumer innovativeness appears to have a moderating effect on the relationship between the propensity to live a healthy lifestyle and the trust in functional food sub-dimensions, as well as the relationship between the propensity to live a healthy lifestyle and the need for functional food sub-dimensions.
Muhasebe denetiminde büyük veri analizi kullanımına yönelik güven tutumunun incelenmesi: Nitel bir araştırma
Authors: AYGÜN Merve , KUTAY Nilgün
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada büyük veri analizi kullanımına ilişkin güven tutumunun muhasebe denetiminde incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi benimsenmiştir. Teknolojiye Güven Ölçeğinden yararlanılarak oluşturulan yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat soruları 10 bağımsız denetçiye yöneltilmiştir. Güven tutumu; genel teknolojiye güven tutumu ve inanç, durumsal normallik, yapısal güvence ve belirli bir teknolojiye duyulan inanç; güvenilirlik, işlevsellik ve yardım sağlama temalarında incelenmiştir. Katılımcılarla yapılan görüşmelerde en yoğun ifade edilen düşüncelere göre ise kodlar ve kategoriler oluşturulmuştur. Verilerin analizinde Maxqda 22 programı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya dahil olan bağımsız denetçilerin genel teknoloji karşısındaki güven tutumları kontrol gibi şartlara bağlanmıştır. İş süreçlerine olumlu katkısıyla genel teknolojiye inanç duyulmaktadır. Yasal güvence katılımcıları güvende hissettirmektedir. Büyük veri analizi araçlarıyla çalışmaktan genelde memnun olunmaktadır. Büyük veri analizinin denetimde işlevsel, güvenilir ve yardım sağlamaya ilişkin inancı ise olumludur.
Z kuşağının sürdürülebilir tüketim davranışını etkileyen faktörlere yönelik keşifsel bir araştırma
Authors: YILDIZ Oğuz , KELLECİ Alpaslan
Published: December 2022

Dünyanın farklı bölgelerinde yaşanan sel felaketleri, orman yangınları, balıkçılığın bitmesi, orman arazilerinin yok olması gibi iklim krizinin olumsuz etkileri, mevcut üretim ve tüketim anlayışının artık sürdürülemez olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Baskın Sosyal Paradigmanın etkisi altındaki geleneksel işletme anlayışı, dünyanın sınırlı kaynaklarını kar maksimizasyonu amacıyla tüketmiştir. Fakat bu baskın anlayış, bilinçli tüketiciler ve Z jenerasyonunun tüketim alışkanlıklarındaki değişimi yakalayamamış ve demode olmuştur. Günümüzde, bilinçli tüketiciler ve Z Kuşağı, işletmelerin olumsuz dışsallıklarını en aza indirmelerini ve ekonomik çıkarlardan çok, çevresel ve sosyal amaçlara katkıda bulunmalarını beklemektedir. Bu çalışma, Z kuşağı temsilcisi üniversite öğrencilerinin, sürdürülebilir tüketim davranışını etkileyen değişkenlerdeki boyutları belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak, İstanbul’daki üniversite öğrencilerinden yüz yüze anket yöntemiyle veriler toplanmıştır. Veriler analiz edilirken, veri, önce keşifsel faktör analizine, daha sonra doğrulayıcı faktör analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Daha önceki çalışmalardan farklı olarak, bu çalışma, sürdürülebilirliğin sosyal boyutunu içeren değişkenlerle birlikte, sürdürülebilir tüketim davranışını etkileyen unsurların, dokuz boyuttan oluştuğunu belirlemektedir. Bu boyutlar; çevresel ve sosyal endişeler, çevresel ve sosyal problemlere yönelik ciddiyet algısı ve sorumluluk algısı, çevresel ve sosyal problemler hakkındaki bilinç seviyesi, ülke imajı, ağızdan ağıza iletişimin etkisi, sosyal normlar, sürdürülebilir tüketime yönelik tutum ve niyetten oluşmaktadır.