bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regent Alexander Karadjordjevic in the First World War
Authors: Bakic Dragan
Published: March 2018

This paper analyses the role played by Regent Alexander Karadjordjevic in
Serbia?s politics and military effort during the First World War. He assumed
the position of an heir-apparent somewhat suddenly in 1909, and then regency,
after a political crisis that made his father King Peter I transfer his royal
powers to Prince Alexander just days before the outbreak of the war. At the
age of twenty-six, Alexander was going to lead his people and army through
unprecedented horrors. The young Regent proved to be a proper soldier, who
suffered personally, along with his troops, the agonising retreat through
Albania in late 1915 and early 1916, and spared no effort to ensure the
supplies for the exhausted rank and file of the army. He also proved to be a
ruler of great personal ambitions and lack of regard for constitutional
boundaries of his position. Alexander tried to be not just a formal
commander-in-chief of his army, but also to take over operational command; he
would eventually manage to appoint officers to his liking to the positions of
the Chief of Staff and Army Minister. He also wanted to remove Nikola Pasic
from premiership and facilitate the formation of a cabinet amenable to his
wishes, but he did not proceed with this, as the Entente Powers supported the
Prime Minister. Instead, Alexander joined forces with Pasic to eliminate the
Black Hand organization, a group of officers hostile both to him and the
Prime Minister, in the well-known show trial in Salonika in 1917. The
victories of the Serbian army in 1918 at the Salonika front led to the
liberation of Serbia and the formation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and
Slovenes (Yugoslavia), while Alexander emerged as the most powerful political
factor in the new state.
Douglas Wilson Johnson a forgotten member of the Royal Serbian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Zivojinovic Dragoljub
Published: March 2018

The paper presents a little-known foreign member of the Royal Serbian Academy
of Sciences, the American geomorphologist Douglas Wilson Johnson (1876-1944),
his role as an expert on border delimitation issues in support of the claims
of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes at the Peace Conference in Paris
in 1919, his collaboration with Yugoslav experts, notably Jovan Cvijic, and
his election to the Royal Serbian Academy of Sciences shortly after the First
World War.
Factors associated with depression in the patients with diabetes mellitus type 2
Authors: Sabanovic Admir , Maksimovic Natasa , Stojanovic-Tasic Mirjana , Bakic Marijan , Grgurevic Anita
Published: March 2018

Background/Aim. The assessment of association of depression and diabetes mellitus type 2 using the Patient Health Questionaire (PHQ-9) has not been done in Montenegro. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of depression in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to identify the risk factors associated with the presence of depression. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the General Hospital in Bijelo Polje, from July to September, 2015. It included 70 patients over 35 years of age with the diagnosis of diabetes for at least six months. For the assessment of depression presence and intensity PHQ?9 was used. All variables associated with the presence of depression at a significance level of p < 0.05 were included into the final method of the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results. Comorbidities were statistically significant more frequent among patients with depression (?2 = 5.40; p = 0.020). Duration of diabetes over five years was significantly associated with depression (?2 = 12.48; p < 0.001). Depression occurred more frequently among physically inactive subjects (?2 = 10.74; p = 0.005). The presence of diabetic polyneuropathy (?2 = 6.04; p = 0.014) and cataract (?2 = 5.351; p = 0.021) were also significantly associated with depression. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of diabetes over five years and presence of cataract were independently associated with depression. Conclusion. The risk factors for depression among the subjects with diabetes were disease duration more than five years and the presence of cataract. Since depression is a serious disease and can be a risk factor for many chronic diseases, the best way of prevention is its early detection and treatment.
Collective ethos. Phenomenology, early avant-garde and new anthropology
Authors: Prole Dragan
Published: March 2018

In the first part of the article, the author discusses the basic outlines of
romantic and avant-garde anthropology. The crucial concept is related to the
motives that drove the romantics in their journey toward individuation,
whereas the members of avant-garde movement brought new visions of community
into being. Unlike the romantics, early avant-garde movements advocated for
ideals of general, globalized man mediated by technology and media. In the
second part of the paper, the author analyses Husserl?s concept of
all-community (Allgemeinschaft) bearing in mind the attempts of his
phenomenology to extend our idea of community as much as it is possible by
means of including everything that discloses the very foundations of our
lifeworld into the concept of community. By doing so, Husserl encompassed not
only the real and the past, but the possible intersubjectivity as well.
Agricultural practice in Byzantium from the Farmer’s Law to Geoponika
Authors: Simonovic Zoran , Mihailovic Branko
Published: March 2018

The paper discusses the two most famous Byzantine sources in agriculture: the
Farmer?s Law and Geoponika (an encyclopedia of agriculture). Based on these
two sources, covering the period from the VIII to X century, the authors
attempted to discover whether there were changes in the Byzantine
agricultural practice. In the analysis given in the paper, it can be noted
that the texts in the Farmer?s Law mainly refer to legal regulation and
customary law. On this basis, the authors believe that this source does not
deal adequately with issues related to agriculture production. On the other
hand, the encyclopedia of agriculture, Geoponika, is in some way a scientific
research, which in the first place contains an overview of the situation in
agricultural practice, with a significant addition in the form of sublimation
of the then known knowledge. Of special importance are the personal
experiences of the editor himself, given throughout the text, consisting of
various suggestions for improving the production. The authors believe that
the significance of Geoponika lies in the fact that changes in Byzantine
agricultural practice can be followed on the basis of the editor?s texts.
Changes in environment as cause for environmentally induced migration of people
Authors: Ljustina Aleksandra
Published: March 2018

Migration is one of the oldest and most used strategies for overcoming
negative social issues. Despite the fact that it is historically deeply
rooted, environmental migration as a social phenomenon has only recently
become the subject research of numerous scientific fields. However, the study
of current environmental migration is characterized by a number of issues,
such as absence of an adequate definition and multi-causality of
environmental migration. In this paper, through conceptual framework, author
analyzed two main questions: who are environmental migrants and what reasons
cause environmental migration. Due to the destruction of the global
environmental balance, as well as accumulated environmental disturbances, it
is likely that environmental migration will increase in future and there is
nowhere you cannot make more use of scientific and professional projection of
the future than in demographic and environmental spheres of human life. There
is no doubt that our future is unpredictable. However, the environmental
factors influencing the pattern of human interaction with the environment
must be taken into account when projecting future development of the modern
society. Such is the context in which the complex relation among migration,
change and the environment has to be studied. In order to establish the basis
for controlling environmental migration caused by negative changes in the
environment, it is necessary to adopt a consistent strategy instead of ad hoc
activities that are being used. In this paper, author analyzed societal
response for the challenges caused by environmental migration, specifically
regarding actions related to governing environmental migrations.
Improving the quality of life of persons with disabilities by using digital technologies
Authors: Maslikovic Dejan , Krstic Natasa
Published: March 2018

In today?s postinformation society, digital technology has the technological
means and innovative solutions which can personalize and customize services
to meet the requirements of every user without any barriers. Service
personalization is most apparent in the use of the internet, mobile phones,
TV, and e-government. Consequently, due to its characteristics, adaptability
and openness, digital technology can greatly facilitate and accelerate
inclusive processes in society. Mobile devices and services, the internet
together with digital cable and terrestrial TV network are just some of
technological tools available to modern society for the inclusion of
marginalized social groups, including the persons with disabilities. The
introductory chapter considers the basis for the use of digital technology in
developing an inclusive society, while the research shows the extent to which
digital technology is used, as well as the real needs of persons with
disabilities for the purpose of finding potential to improve the quality of
their life. The conducted research is based on a quantitative testing of two
hypotheses, namely, whether persons with disabilities use digital technology
to the same extent as persons without disabilities, and whether there are any
differences with respect to the improvements of the quality of life as a
result of the use of digital technology. For the purpose of testing the
hypotheses, based on the sample group of 185 respondents, with 95 of them
being persons with disabilities and 90 being persons without disabilities, a
comparison was done of average values through t-test, as well as the
comparison of relative frequencies by applying x2 test for independent
samples. The results have shown that persons with disabilities use digital
technology less than persons without disabilities, which only exacerbates the
digital exclusion of persons with disabilities. Nevertheless, both groups
have the same expectations with respect to the possibility of improving their
lives. Noticeable potential for improving the quality of life for persons
with disabilities has been noted by raising the use of digital technology to
a higher level, especially with the use of mobile phones and the internet.
The analysis of the research results has provided data which are significant
for estimating the capacity of digital technology and further application of
the technology in developing an inclusive society. This paper also proved
that an interdisciplinary approach to such a vulnerable subject as inclusion
and the social status of persons with disabilities can have beneficial
results, as it can be used as guidance in further development of available
tools, applications and other digital gadgets.
La planeación de la enseñanza-aprendizaje, competencia que fortalece el perfil docente / The planning of the instruction-learning, competence that strengthens the educator profile
Authors: Morales Salas Rubí Estela
Published: March 2018

Este trabajo de investigación muestra los resultados de la evaluación del desempeño docente a partir de la percepción que tienen del impacto de la planeación en su proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje bajo un enfoque por competencias. El propósito de este estudio fue analizar si la planeación de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje que realizan los docentes de diferentes centros educativos de nivel medio superior, se basa en un enfoque por competencias, capaz de ubicar a los estudiantes en contextos disciplinares, curriculares y sociales que en estos momentos constituyen la tercera competencia del perfil docente que emana de la Reforma Integral de Educación Media Superior (RIEMS).En este sentido, se utilizó una metodología de tipo no experimental, descriptiva, con un Enfoque Mixto, con una muestra de 55 profesores, en la que, a partir de los resultados, se logró plasmar experiencias con relevancia significativa, las cuales contribuyeron a estudiar, comprender, investigar y desarrollar nuevas estrategias para aumentar la calidad, no sólo en la práctica docente, sino en un mejor perfil de egreso del estudiante. Los docentes, en su mayoría, perciben que la planeación que realizan favorece el aprendizaje significativo. Sin embargo, es importante insertar aún más a los estudiantes en la vida práctica.
KEDUDUKAN UNIDROIT SEBAGAI SUMBER HUKUM KONTRAK DALAM PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM KONTRAK INDONESIA YANG AKAN DATANG
Authors: Kusmiati N. Ike
Published: March 2018

Transaksi bisnis sering kali dihadapkan pada persoalan memastikan bahwa hak dan kewajiban para pihak akan dilaksanakan sebagaimana yang diperjanjikan. Dalam praktik terjadi persoalan para pihak tidak memenuhi perjanjian sebagaimana yang diperjanjikan, terlebih lagi ketika menghadapi kesulitan  hak dan kewajiban para pihak karena berada di negara yang berbeda, dengan sistim hukum yang berbeda pula. Oleh karenanya untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut para pihak akan mencari sumber hukum , yaitu Buku III KUHPerdata disamping  mempelajari dan memahami prinsip hukum kontrak komersial internasional yaitu UNIDROIT yang  memuat prinsip-prinsip yang dapat diadopsi  sebagai salah satu karya yang mengupayakan standarisasi prinsip hukum kontrak guna mendorong harmonisasi hukum komersial internasional, sebagai upaya mempertemukan para pelaku bisnis antar negara yang berbeda, sehingga diperlukan landasan hukum yang sama  dalam pembaharuan hukum kontrak  Indonesia yang akan datang.

Kata kunci : Kedudukan, UNIDROIT, Hukum, Kontrak, Indonesia.
Tunnetiloja mittaavat menetelmät epänormaalin pelon hoidossa
Authors: Martikainen Heidi Annika , Mäkinen Erkki
Published: March 2018

This article surveys methods for measuring emotions. The focus is on emotion identification and measurement from behavior and physiological signals and on the instruments used. We also consider the utilization of the results of these measurements in treating phobias, especially as a supporting tool for cognitive behavioral therapy.
Activity typologies as a design model for the ubiquitous detection of daily routines
Authors: Leikas Jaana , Launiainen Helena , Kulju Minna , Saariluoma Pertti , Bäckman Kari
Published: March 2018

Emerging technologies open up new visions and business potential for systems design and development in the areas of wellbeing and health. New technologies enable the detection of human performance and early changes in physical and cognitive functioning, making it possible to monitor an older person’s wellbeing. This kind of technology or service sets significant requirements for design, as design concepts must be able to capture the complexity of people’s daily lives in terms of activities and environments. Technology itself is “blind” unless designers can adapt it to human life. There is thus a distinct need for comprehensive design and development models that generate adequate human requirements for such design. Activity typologies described in this paper are an example of such life-based design relevant knowledge. They allow the detection of signals in daily routines that would predict a decline in the target person’s functioning, and feed this data into design processes. They can be used to create a model for human requirements specification for such ubiquitous services that are grounded on the idea of detecting changes in human activity. The model presented in this paper is created in BeWell project and based on the theoretical frameworks of Life-Based Design and International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health.
Kyvykkäille käyttäjille fiksut järjestelmät? Sairaanhoitajien arviot potilastietojärjestelmistä 2017
Authors: Hyppönen Hannele , Lääveri Tinja , Hahtela Nina , Suutarla Anna , Sillanpää Kirsi , Kinnunen Ulla-Mari , Ahonen Outi , Rajalahti Elina , Kaipio Johanna , Heponiemi Tarja , Saranto Kaija
Published: March 2018

Terveydenhuollon ammattilaisten kokemuksia potilastietojärjestelmistään on maailmanlaajuisesti kartoitettu vähän, vaikka käyttäjäkokemukset ovat keskeinen osa järjestelmien kehitystä ja arviointia. Sairaanhoitajien kokemusten valtakunnallinen kartoitus tehtiin ensimmäistä kertaa Suomessa alkuvuodesta 2017. Kohteena olivat työikäiset sairaanhoitajat, terveydenhoitajat ja kätilöt Sairaanhoitajaliiton ja Tehyn jäsenrekisteristä. Vastaava tutkimus on tehty lääkäreille vuosina 2010, 2014 ja 2017. Menetelmänä oli lääkärikyselyn pohjalta muokattu sähköinen kyselylomake, jonka Sairaanhoitajaliitto ja Tehy lähettivät jäsenilleen.

Yhteensä 3607 sairaanhoitajaa vastasi kyselyyn. Vastaukset ryhmiteltiin Sote-tieto hyötykäyttöön -strategian aihealueen ”Kyvykkäille käyttäjille fiksut järjestelmät” tavoitteiden mukaisiin osa-alueisiin. Kaikissa osa-alueissa todettiin eroja sekä potilastietojärjestelmien tuotemerkkien että vastaajien toimintaympäristöjen välillä. Yksi keskeisimpiä korjattavista ongelmista oli saman asian kirjaaminen moneen paikkaan. Sen voidaan katsoa altistavan virheille ja osoittavan huonosti onnistunutta tietojärjestelmäintegraatiota. Kehittämiskohteiksi nousivat myös tietojärjestelmien käyttökatkot, jotka on aiemmassa kirjallisuudessa todettu riskiksi potilasturvallisuudelle. Tutkimuksessa löytyi eroja tuotemerkkien välillä tietojärjestelmien käytettävyydessä ja potilaan hoidossa tarvittavan, ajantasaisen ja laadukkaan tiedon saamisessa paikallisesti, alueellisesti ja kansallisesti. Vastaajat kokivat tietojärjestelmien edellyttämien toimintatapojen muutosten käyttökoulutuksen riittämättömäksi. Tietojärjestelmien kehittämistyöhön aktiivisesti osallistuvat antoivat muita paremman kouluarvosanan tietojärjestelmälleen. Tätä selvitetään tarkemmin erillisessä artikkelissa.

Osallistuminen tietojärjestelmien kehittämistyöhön ja koulutus vievät alkuun aikaa asiakas- ja potilastyöltä, mutta hyvän käytettävyyden ja käyttötaidon voidaan myöhemmin odottaa säästävän ammattilaisten aikaa tietojärjestelmien käytöltä suoraan asiakas- ja potilastyöhön. Tunnistetut erot potilastietojärjestelmien käytettävyydessä ja tuessa työlle sekä hoidon laadulle auttavat tunnistamaan hyviä käytäntöjä eri toimintaympäristöissä sairaanhoitajan ajankäytön tehostamiseksi ja potilasturvallisuuden ja yhteistyön lisäämiseksi. Sairaanhoitajia on kuultava paremmin tietojärjestelmiä kehitettäessä. Organisaatioiden on syytä suunnitella tietojärjestelmäkoulutukset niin, että ammattilaisten osaaminen pysyy ajan tasalla tietojärjestelmien ja niiden käyttötapojen kehittyessä. Myös sairaanhoitajaliiton sähköisten terveyspalveluiden strategia korostaa digiosaamista ja kehitystyöhön osallistumista.
Tietojärjestelmät ja työhyvinvointi – terveydenhuollon ammattilaisten näkemyksiä
Authors: Vehko Tuulikki , Hyppönen Hannele , Ryhänen Miia , Tuukkanen Johanna , Ketola Eeva , Heponiemi Tarja
Published: March 2018

Potilastietojärjestelmien toimivuus on terveydenhuollon ammattilaisten työn sujuvuuden kannalta tärkeää. Tutkimme fokusryhmähaastattelujen avulla ammattilaisten työprosesseja, tietojärjestelmien käyttökokemuksia ja stressaavuutta, sekä niiden vaikutuksia työhyvinvointiin. Haastattelujen analyysi toteutettiin käyttäen sisällön analyysiä.

Tekniset ongelmat kuten käyttökatkokset ja hitaus, moniin järjestelmiin vaadittava kirjautuminen ja monien järjestelmien yhtäaikaiskäyttö aiheuttivat terveydenhuollon ammattilaisille stressiä. Organisaatioiden välistä yhteistyötä hidasti sähköisen potilastiedon puuttuminen. Puutteelliset lääkitysmerkinnät aiheuttivat stressiä työntekijöille sekä huolen potilasturvallisuudesta. Potilastiedon kirjaamiseen ei aina tuntunut riittävän aikaa, jolloin yritettiin kirjata lyhyesti tai työvuoron päätteeksi. Työn keskeytysten ja eri näkymien välillä hyppelyn koettiin häiritsevän kirjaamista. Ohjelmien välisiä toiminnallisuuksia toivottiin lisää, jotta kirjaamiseen käytetty aika vähenisi ja kertakirjaaminen riittäisi.

Kokonaisuudessaan tietojärjestelmiä ja niihin kirjaamista ei kuitenkaan pidetty työn suurimpana stressitekijänä, vaan potilastyöstä tai ajoittaisesta työryppäästä aiheutuva rasitus oli monen työntekijän kohdalla ensisijaista. Erääksi työhyvinvoinnin parantamismahdollisuudeksi nimettiin koulutus, joka antaisi valmiuksia muuttuvaan digityöhön. Terveydenhuollon ammattilaiset kokivat, että palautteen antamisen mahdollisuudet tietojärjestelmistä olivat vähäiset.

Työn sujuvuuden (tehokkuuden ja laadun) ja alan houkuttelevuuden kannalta olisi keskeistä, että terveydenhuollon työntekijöiden työhyvinvoinnista huolehdittaisiin poistamalla tunnistettuja stressitekijöitä: parantamalla tietojärjestelmien vakautta, kehittämällä kertakirjautumista sekä tiedonhaun ja kirjaamisen käytettävyyttä, tarjoamalla kirjaamiseen rauhallinen työympäristö ja parantamalla luotettavan, kattavan ja ajantasaisen tiedon saatavuutta muista organisaatioista. Ammattilaisten antaman palautteen tulisi näkyä järjestelmien kehittämisessä, ja järjestelmien käyttötaitoa ja digityötapoja pitäisi kehittää organisaatioissa systemaattisesti. Jatkotutkimuksissa on tarpeen seurata terveydenhuollon ammattilaisten kokemuksia organisaatioiden välisen tiedonkulun kehittymisestä.
The HANS KAI Project: a community-based approach to improving health and well-being through peer support
Authors: Henteleff Alexandra , Wall Helena
Published: March 2018

Introduction

HANS KAI is a unique health promotion intervention to improve participants’
health by focussing on interrelated chronic disease prevention behaviours
through peer support and strengthening of social support networks. The study objective
was to determine the effectiveness of HANS KAI in an urban Canadian setting.

Methods

We used a mixed methods intervention research design that involved multiple
sites from November 2010 to April 2015. Data was obtained from participant surveys
as well as in-person interviews at zero, 6, 12 and 24 months. Participants met in groups
at least once a month during the research period, to self-monitor health indicators, prepare
and share a healthy snack, participate in a physical activity, set a healthy lifestyle
goal (optional) and socialize.

Results

There were statistically significant mental health improvements from pre- to
post-program, and 66% of the participants described specific behaviour changes as a
result of HANS KAI participation. Additional positive health impacts included peer support;
acquiring specific health knowledge; inspiration, motivation or accountability; the
empowering effect of monitoring one’s own health indicators; overcoming social isolation
and knowing how to better access services.

Conclusion

The need to identify innovative ways to address chronic disease prevention
and management has been the driver for implementing and evaluating HANS KAI.
While further research will be required to validate the present findings, it appears that
HANS KAI may be an effective approach to create environments that empower community
members to support each other while promoting healthy lifestyle choices and
detecting early changes in health status.
Le projet HANS KAÏ : une approche communautaire visant à améliorer la santé et le bien-être grâce au soutien par les pairs
Authors: Henteleff Alexandra , Wall Helena
Published: March 2018

Introduction

Le modèle HANS KAÏ est une intervention de promotion de la santé originale
qui vise à améliorer la santé des participants en ciblant les comportements interdépendants
de prévention des maladies chroniques grâce au soutien par les pairs et au
renforcement des réseaux de soutien social. L'objectif de notre étude était de mesurer
l’efficacité du modèle HANS KAÏ en contexte urbain canadien.

Méthodologie

Nous avons utilisé un modèle de recherche interventionnelle à méthodes
mixtes appliqué à plusieurs sites entre novembre 2010 et avril 2015. Les données ont été
recueillies au moyen de sondages auprès des participants et d’entrevues en personne au
début de l'étude puis à 6, 12 et 24 mois. Les participants se sont réunis en groupes au
moins une fois par mois durant la période de recherche afin de surveiller eux-mêmes
leurs indicateurs de santé, de préparer et de partager une collation saine, de participer à
une activité physique, d’établir un objectif en matière de mode de vie sain (facultatif) et
d'avoir une activité de convivialité.

Résultats

Des améliorations statistiquement significatives de la santé mentale ont été
constatées avant et après le programme, et 66 % des participants ont fait état de changements
de comportement précis résultant de la participation au projet HANS. D’autres
effets positifs sur la santé ont été constatés : un soutien par les pairs, l’acquisition de connaissances
précises en matière de santé, l’inspiration, la motivation et la prise de responsabilité,
l’autonomisation découlant du suivi de ses propres indicateurs de santé, la
possibilité de rompre l’isolement social et enfin une meilleure connaissance de la façon
d'avoir accès aux services.

Conclusion

C'est la nécessité de trouver des moyens innovants pour favoriser la prévention
et la gestion des maladies chroniques qui a motivé la mise en oeuvre et l’évaluation
du modèle HANS KAÏ. Bien que d’autres recherches soient nécessaires pour valider nos
résultats, il semble que le modèle HANS KAÏ puisse être efficace pour créer un contexte
permettant à la population locale de s’entraider en favorisant des choix de vie sains et en
détectant de façon précoce les changements d’état de santé.
Aperçu - Prise en charge des traumatismes crâniens au Canada : évolution des tendances en matière de soins
Authors: Rao Deepa P. , McFaull Steven , Thompson Wendy , Jayaraman Gayatri C.
Published: March 2018

Introduction

Malgré une plus grande sensibilisation aux traumatismes crâniens, nous
disposons de peu de renseignements à l’échelle de la population sur les types de soins
prodigués en lien avec les traumatismes crâniens au Canada.

Méthodologie

Nous avons examiné les données de l’Enquête sur la santé dans les collectivités
canadiennes (années 2005, 2009 et 2014) portant sur les répondants de 12 ans et
plus. Les variables sélectionnées en lien avec la prise en charge des traumatismes crâniens
ont été l’accès à des soins dans les 48 heures suivant la blessure, le point de service,
l’admission à l’hôpital et les soins de suivi.

Résultats

Nous avons constaté qu’un grand nombre de Canadiens avaient bénéficié de
soins médicaux dans les 48 heures suivant leur blessure, sans changement dans cette
proportion au fil du temps. Nous avons aussi observé un déclin significatif de la proportion
de Canadiens ayant décidé de se rendre au service des urgences (p = 0,03, tous âges
confondus) et une augmentation significative du nombre de jeunes ayant décidé de consulter
un médecin (p $lt; 0,01).

Conclusion

Les traumatismes crâniens sont un problème de santé important et en augmentation
au Canada. Ces blessures semblent de plus en plus être traitées par des professionnels
de la santé en dehors des hôpitaux, en particulier par des médecins de première
ligne.
Dikotomi Bebas Nilai dan Nilai Pendidikan dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah
Authors: Setianto Yudi
Published: March 2018

The aim of writing this article is to offer a win-win solution to put history learning,Â both as a pure social science as well as an education and learning tools for students. This studyÂ used qualitative descriptive approach. As a science, history should be objective and at theÂ same time keep the value-free concept. In the context of history, objectivity means truth andÂ honesty, that is all facts must be disclosed transparantly. However, in history learning, not allÂ the historical facts should be revealed fully. Yet, it does not necessarily mean that history learning is not objective or even denying the facts. For the wiser purpose, the history polarisationÂ aiming at growing studentsâ€™ nationalisme, patriotism, and other noble educational objectives, itÂ is not possible to treat history as a tool to legitimate social conflicts or even the nationÂ disintegration. History in learning should keep objective in uncovering historical facts, whileÂ also maintain the purpose of the learning itself. History as a learning must be built upon the foundation and aim of the national education system. Thus, history as a school subject havingÂ particular education objectives must be put in line, side by side, compromise with its position asÂ a social science, without eliminating the principles of one or both of them. History learning usesÂ filtered historic facts, so the learners are led to be wise people.Â ABSTRAKÂ Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk menemukan win-win solution, dalam rangka memisahkan sekaligus saling menghormati antara Sejarah dalam ranah ilmu murni dan Sejarah dalam domain pendidikan atau pembelajaran ke siswa. Penulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Sejarah sebagai ilmu dituntut objektif, dan tetap menjaga kebebasan nilai (value-free). Dalam konteks Sejarah, objektivitas bisa diterjemahkan sebagai kebenaran dan kejujuran, fakta yang direkonstruksi dituntut dikemukakan secara transparan. Namun, dalam ranah pembelajaran Sejarah, Sejarah tidak mungkin dikemukakan secara objektif. Hal ini bukan berarti jika pembelajaran bersifat subyektif ataupun mengingkari fakta. Bagi tujuan yang lebih bijaksana, polarisasi Sejarah, yaitu dalam rangka menumbuhkan nasionalisme, patriotismeÂ serta tujuan-tujuan pendidikan lainnya, tidak mungkin disandingkan dengan sejarah sebagai alat legitimasi konflik sosial, bahkan disintegrasi bangsa. Ilmu Sejarah tetap bersifat objektif dalam mengungkap fakta Sejarah, sementara itu tujuan pelajaran Sejarah merupakan bagian dari tujuan pendidikan. Sejarah sebagai bahan pelajaran harus disusun searah dengan dasar dan tujuan Pendidikan Nasional. Sejarah sebagai mata pelajaran yang mempunyai misi tertentu dan Sejarah sebagai ilmu, harus dipadukan dalam konsep yang jelas tanpa mengorbankan prinsip-prinsip salah satunya atau keduanya. Pembelajaran Sejarah menempatkan fakta-fakta Sejarah yang disaring, demi tujuan pendidikan agar Sejarah menjadikan yang mempelajarinya lebih bijaksana.
Suasana Kerja dan Pengaruh Kepemimpinan dalam Konteks Pendidikan Dasar
Authors: Tulung Mieske Theresia , Kaluge Laurens
Published: March 2018

This study aimed at discovering the leadership perception in conditioning the workingÂ climate at schools. Three objectives of the aim were describing working climate, teachersâ€™Â perception on leadership, and the causal relationship between them. The cluster proportionateÂ random sampling obtained 386 teachers from 24 state and private junior-secondary-schools inÂ the city of Manado. Data were collected through questionnaire administration and analyzedÂ using descriptive and inferential methods. Eight leadership constructs and two working climateÂ were proven to be valid and reliable. Using range criteria of 0-4, the averages of workingÂ climate were 2.9 and 2.8 for working spirit and creative climate. On the other hand, using theÂ same criteria, the average of the eight leadership sub-scales ranged between 2.55 and 3.19.Â The regression analyses found that not all of the leadership components were significant factorsÂ for developing the school working climate. Disciplining, listening, and supporting were significantÂ factors for teachersâ€™ working spirit. Whereas, the creative climate of teachers was affected significantly by disciplining, listening, supporting, and empowering factors. The results would beÂ of benefit for educational policies and school improvement.Â ABSTRAKÂ Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap suasana kerja di sekolah yang dikondisikan oleh persepsi kepemimpinan. Fokus dari tujuan tersebut, yaitu: gambaran suasana kerja, persepsi para guru, dan hubungan kausal antara keduanya. Metode yang ditempuh bersifat kuantitatif.Â Sampel sebanyak 386 guru diambil dari 24 SMP Negeri dan Swasta di kota Manado secara acak dengan memperhatikan cluster proportionate. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif serta inferensial. Delapan konstrak kepemimpinan dan dua konstrak suasana kerja terbukti valid dan reliabel. Dengan rentangan 0-4, rerata suasana kerja di sekolah sebesar 2,9 untuk semangat kerja, dan 2,8 untuk suasana kreatif. Juga dengan rentangan yang sama, rerata kedelapan subskala kepemimpinan berkisar 2,55 dan 3,19. Analisis regresi mengungkapkan tidak semua komponen kepemimpinan merupakan faktor signifikan untuk pengembangan suasana kerja di sekolah.Kepemimpinan yang mendisiplinkan, mendengarkan, dan mendukung berpengaruh signifikan terhadap semangat kerja para guru, dan pengembangan suasana kreatif dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh kepemimpinan yang mendisiplinkan, mendengarkan, mendukung, dan memberdayakan. Temuan ini bermanfaat bagi kebijakan pendidikan dan pengembangan sekolah.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Konsep Grafik Fungsi Trigonometri Siswa SMK melalui Penemuan Terbimbing Berbantuan Software Autograph
Authors: Saragih Sahat , Afriati Vira
Published: March 2018

This research is aimed to know 1) if the increase of studentâ€™s conceptual understandingÂ on trigonometric function graph through guided inquiry using Autograph software is greaterÂ than those with usual approach, 2) how the studentâ€™s mastery in learning and studentâ€™s learningÂ activity are. This is an experimental research conducted in SMK Telkom Sandhy Putra and SMKÂ Sandhy Putra II Medan (tourism group) with the population are all the students in grade XI ofÂ the schools and two classes from each school were randomly taken as samples. t â€“ test isÂ applied to analyze the normalized gain of studentsâ€™ conceptual understanding. The researchÂ shows that the increase of studentâ€™s conceptual understanding on trigonometric function graphÂ through guided inquiry using Autograph software is greater than those with usual approach, 2)the mastery in learning and learning activity of students implementing guided inquiry usingÂ Autograph is greater than those with usual approach So, teachers should apply guided inquiryÂ approach using Autograph as one of learning approach alternatives.Â ABSTRAKÂ Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui:Â 1) apakah peningkatan pemahaman konsep siswa pada grafik fungsi trigonometri dengan penemuan terbimbing berbantuan Software Autograph lebih tinggi daripada siswa yang diberi pendekatan biasa; danÂ 2) bagaimana ketuntasan dan aktivitas belajar siswa dengan penemuan terbimbing berbantuan Software Autograph. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimen di SMK Telkom Sandhy Putra dan SMK Sandhy Putra II Medan (Kelompok Pariwisata) dengan mengambil sampel 2 kelas dari masing masing sekolah secara acak. Data yang diperoleh secara ternormalisasi dinalisis dengan menggunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa:Â 1) peningkatan pemahaman konsep siswa pada grafik fungsi trigonometri yang memperoleh pendekatan penemuan terbimbing berbantuan Software Autograph lebih tinggi dari siswa yang memperoleh pendekatan biasa; danÂ 2) ketuntasan dan aktivitas belajar siswa yang memperoleh pendekatan penemuan terbimbing berbantuan Software Autograph lebih tinggi dari siswa yang memperoleh pendekatan biasa.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa melalui Model Kooperatif Numbered Heads Together (NHT) di Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Beduai Kabupaten Sanggau
Authors: Jamalong Ahmad
Published: March 2018

The purpose of the research is to analyze the studentsâ€™ achievements by using Cooperative Model of Numbered Heads Together (NHT). The research was applied to class X ofÂ Public Senior High School 1 Beduai Sanggau in academic year of 2011/2012 by using classroomÂ action research (CAR). The research subject consist of 38 students of class X that were chosenÂ by using random sampling. The data were collected by using test, then action was applied byÂ using classroom action research. Action research was applied for 2 cycles with â€œSistem Hukum Nasionalâ€ in the first cycle and â€œPeran dan Fungsi Lembaga Peradilanâ€ in the second cycle.Â Every cycle consist of planning, action, observation and reflection. The result of study shownÂ that there were no studentsâ€™ achievements before the action applied. In the cycle 1 there wereÂ an increasing achievements to 11 students (34.38%) dan action in the cycle II shown thereÂ were an increasing achievement to 20 students (54.82%). It can be stated that Cooperative Model of Numbered Heads Together (NHT) is very effective to improve studentsâ€™ achievementsÂ especially in â€œPendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn)â€ subject.Â ABSTRAKÂ Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hasil belajar siswa dengan penggunaan sebuah model kooperatif Numbered Heads Together (NHT). Penelitian dilakukan pada Kelas X di SMAN 1 Beduai Kabupaten Sanggau tahun pelajaran 2011/2012 dengan menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Subyek penelitian sebanyak 38 siswa kelas X yang dipilih secara random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan Â tes, kemudian dilakukan tindakan menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Tindakan penelitian dilakukan sebanyak 2 siklus dengan materi Sistem Hukum Nasional untuk siklus I, Peran dan Fungsi Lembaga Peradilan untuk siklus II. Setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa sebelum dilaksanakan tindakan tidak ada satu pun siswa yang mencapai tingkat ketuntasan. Setelah dilaksanakan tindakan pada siklus I terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar pada siswa yang mencapai ketuntasan sebanyak 11 siswa (34,38%) dan Â tindakan Â pada siklus II terdapat 20 siswa (54,82%) yang mencapai ketuntasan belajar. Hal ini dinyatakan bahwa model kooperatif Numbered Heads Together (NHT), sangat efektif dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa, khususnya pada pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn).
Analisis Jalur Brand Image sebagai Anteseden Loyalitas: (Studi pada Program Pascasarjana Universitas Terbuka)
Authors: -- Suciati , Hidayah Nur
Published: March 2018

This study was multipurpose. Firstly is to describe studentsâ€™ perception of learning service quality, university brand image, student satisfaction and loyalty to the institution. Secondly, this study aims to investigate the causal relationship of brand image and loyalty, and the pattern of relationship of service quality, brand image, student satisfaction and student loyalty. A survey was conducted in 2011, involving 108 graduates, who attended two occasions of the graduation day at Universitas Terbuka. The questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics and path analysis to explain the interaction model among the variables. The findings indicated that in general students hold a positive perception regarding the learning service quality at the graduate study at UT, the brand image of the program, and have a high level of satisfaction of the overall learning experience. They also indicate loyalty to the institution; In addition, the findings show that brand image and student satisfaction have a direct impact on loyalty. Eventhough service quality does not directly impact student loyalty, but through brand image and student satisfaction, service quality influences student loyalty. Since institution sustainability to a certain level depends on student loyalty, education institutions will have to develop strategies to strengthen alumni and studentâ€™s loyalty.ABSTRAKÂ Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui persepsi lulusan tentang kualitas layanan pembelajaran, Â brand Â image Â (citra) Â penyelenggara layanan, Â kepuasan, dan Â loyalitas Â lulusan; dan Â 2) Â menjelaskanÂ  hubungan Â kausalitas Â antara kualitas Â pelayanan, Â brand Â image, kepuasan lulusan, dan loyalitas lulusan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei kepada alumni Program Pascasarjana Universitas Terbuka tahun 2011, melibatkan 108 lulusan, yang hadir pada upacara wisuda di Jakarta dalam dua kali kesempatan wisuda. Data kuesioner yang telah diisi dianalisis menggunakan Â analisis Â deskriptif Â berupa Â persentase, Â dan teknik analisis Â jalur Â (path analysis) untuk melihat pola hubungan kausal (model testing) antarvariabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan pembelajaran dinilai sudah baik, brand image universitas dan program meyakinkan Â lulusan Â dan Â dikenal Â luas, Â serta Â alumni Â merasaÂ  puas Â dengan pengalaman pembelajaran dan memiliki loyalitas (setia) kepada institusi. Di samping itu, secara langsung maupun tidak langsung brand image dan kepuasan, mempengaruhi loyalitas. Kualitas pelayanan secara langsung tidak berpengaruh pada loyalitas, namun melalui brand image dan kepuasan lulusan, Â berpengaruh terhadap Â loyalitas Â lulusan.Â  Mengingat Â bahwa Â loyalitas Â lulusan Â penting bagi keberlangsunganÂ  (sustainability) Â program Â studi, Â maka Â institusi Â perlu menyusun Â strategi mempertahankan dan meningkatkan loyalitas mahasiswa dan lulusan melalui peningkatan kualitas pelayanan dan brand image.Â
Tata Nilai Perdamaian Sufistik Jawa Cerita Pewayangan
Authors: -- Khalimi , Khaer Abu
Published: March 2018

The aim of this research is to prove the lack of comprehensive social science paradigmÂ in explaining about peace, which tend to rely on the theory of social facts or psychosocial. TheÂ result of this research is to strengthen the research Mohammed Abu-Nimer, HamengkubuwonoÂ X and Abdul Hadi, which states that local knowledge can be used as values in building peaceÂ and non-violence in a more comprehensive way. As a paradigm of peace and non-violence,Â values Javanese-Sufi peace theory summarized in four devotion; body, heart, soul, and sense.Â A primary source is teaching Serat Wredhatama Mangkunegara IV. The study itself is qualitative,Â library research with a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach. Body worship and heart isÂ Sufi Javanese peace values are aligned to the stages of Sufism, shariah and tariqah to theÂ natural macrocosm. Peace microcosm of nature embodied soul through worship and adoreÂ sense in line with the nature and terms makrifat in achieving the perfect tranquility of life.Â Â ABSTRAKÂ Penelitian Â ini Â bertujuan Â untuk Â membuktikan Â kekurang-komprehensifan paradigma ilmu Â sosial Â dalam Â menjelaskan Â tentang Â perdamaian. Â Hasil penelitian Â ini Â dimaksudkan Â untuk memperkuat pendapat Mohammed Abu Nimer, Hamengkubuwono X dan Abdul Hadi WM., yang menyatakan bahwa kearifan lokal dapat dijadikan sebagai tata nilai dalam membangun binadamai dan nirkekerasan secara lebih komprehensif. Sebagai suatu paradigma bina damai dan nirkekerasan, Â tata Â nilai Â perdamaian Â sufistik Â Jawa Â terangkum dalam Â teori Â empat Â pengabdian (catur Â sembah), Â yaitu Â raga, Â cipta/kalbu, jiwa dan Â rasa. Â Sumber Â utama Â yang Â dipakai Â ajaran Serat Â Wredhatama Â karya Mangkunegara Â IV. Â Metode Â penelitian Â ini Â sendiri Â bersifat Â kualitatif, studi kepustakaan (library research) dengan pendekatan fenomenologi-hermeneutik. Sembah raga Â dan Â sembah Â cipta Â merupakan Â tata Â nilai Â perdamaian Â sufistik Jawa Â yang Â selaras Â dengan tahapan tasawuf, syariâ€™at dan tarekat untuk alam makrokosmos. Kedamaian alam mikrokosmos diejawantahkan melalui sembah jiwa dan sembah rasa sejalan dengan tema hakikat dan makrifat dalam menggapai ketentraman hidup secara paripurna.
Konsep dan Aplikasi IPTEK Nuklir di Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: -- Mariati
Published: March 2018

This study aimed to examine the curriculum at the senior secondary school relatedÂ to nuclear science and technology in content standards, textbooks, teaching methods, andÂ teacher understanding. Locations determined by purposive sampling in six provinces namelyÂ Yogyakarta, East Java, West Nusa Tenggara, East Kalimantan, Riau Islands, and South Sulawesi.Â The respondent are a teachers of Biology, Physics, and Chemistry respectively 18 people inÂ each province. The research method is a survey and focus group discussion. The study showsÂ that nuclear science content standards are adequate, but the application of nuclear science andÂ technology of today need to be added. Textbooks used is more theory and less contextual ofÂ life. Nuclear science and technology learning in general lectures, discussions and givingÂ assignments. Teachersâ€™ understanding of the concepts and applications of nuclear science andÂ technology is still low. The study recommends the present applications of nuclear science andÂ technology need to be added to the content standards, schools need to socialize to theÂ understanding of nuclear science and technology is better, should be made in the bookÂ supplements or media-based learning model using information and communication technologyÂ to support learning of nuclear science and technology for effective, efficient, and fun learning.ABSTRAKÂ Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kurikulum Sekolah Menengah Atas tentang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi nuklir pada standar isi, buku pelajaran, metode pembelajaran, dan pemahaman guru. Sampling kajian ditentukan secara purposif di enam provinsi, yaitu: Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta; Jawa Timur; Nusa Tenggara Barat, Kalimantan Timur, Kepulauan Riau, dan Sulawesi Selatan. Responden terdiri atas guru Biologi, Fisika, dan Kimia masing-masing 18 orang setiap Â provinsi. Â Studi Â dilakukan Â melalui Â survei Â dan Â focus Â group Â discussion. Hasil Â studi menunjukkan bahwa iptek nuklir pada Standar Isi cukup memadai, namun dalam aplikasi sangat kurang. Ilmu Â pengetahuan dan teknologi Â nuklir dalam buku Â pelajaran lebih banyak Â teori dan kurang Â kontekstual. Pembelajaran iptek Â nuklir Â pada Â umumnya Â dilakukan Â dengan Â metode ceramah, diskusi, dan penugasan. Pemahaman guru tentang konsep dan aplikasi iptek nuklir masih rendah. Studi merekomendasikan aplikasi iptek nuklir masa kini ditambahkan ke dalam Standar Isi, sekolah perlu melakukan sosialisasi agar pemahaman iptek nuklir lebih baik, begitu juga Â perlu menambah Â buku suplemen Â atau Â model pembelajaran Â berbasis teknologi Â informasi dan komunikasi agar pembelajaran iptek nuklir lebih efektif, efisien, dan menyenangkan.