bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Special Autonomy as Indonesia’s National Policy to Improve the Welfare of the People of Papua
Authors: Nasution M. Alfi Rajabi , Nainggolan Poltak Partogi
Published: September 2023

Indonesia has applied special autonomy to make Papua pursue other provinces' development progress and end the separatist movement for 22 years since 2001. The policy has not been successful because separatism, terrorism, and insurgency against Indonesia in various remote areas and urban areas of Papua Province causing fatalities from civilians, Papuan Native, Indonesian National Armed Forces/Police, and Papuan Terrorist Separatist Groups themselves continue to emerge, precisely when Papua should focus on implementing their special autonomy policy. This study discusses how the special autonomy had been implemented as a national policy to improve the welfare of the people of Papua amidst the increasing intensity of the separatism, terrorism, and insurgency carried out by the Papuan Terrorist Separatist Group. This study uses a qualitative method and a descriptive analysis approach; data was obtained by literature study and deep interview techniques with various stakeholders. This study reveals that the state budget allocated for the special autonomy was not used properly based on the good governance principle as previously expected by the central Government. In contrast, the money was found illegally transferred to the Papuan Terrorist Separatist Group, supporters (active and passive), and sympathizers to operate their armed struggles, separatism, and propaganda activities, undermining the authority of the central Government and threatening the sovereignty of Indonesia. This study recommends the special autonomy policy be prolonged and strengthened for the next two decades with conditionalities that it should be prepared with detailed development planning and transparent and good supervision involving various stakeholders. Furthermore, the division of the Province in Papua from the current two into five provinces must be accelerated to bring the national development present in the Papuan Natives.
Godfatherism and Electoral Security in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic: A Human Security Approach
Authors: Akinrinde Olawale Olufemi , Atoyeje Michael
Published: September 2023

This study delves into the intricate relationship between godfatherism and electoral politics in Nigeria's Fourth Republic, with a specific focus on the 2018 gubernatorial election in Osun State. Godfatherism has emerged as a prevalent phenomenon in Nigerian politics, where influential figures play significant roles in shaping political outcomes. Using a human security analytical approach, this study critically examines the link between godfatherism and electoral politics in Nigeria's fourth republic and its implication for human security, focusing on the micro-political analysis of the Osun state gubernatorial election in 2018. Employing a mixed-methods approach, this study draws on descriptive research methodology and the Elite theoretical framework to uncover the complexities of godfatherism and its implications for electoral politics. The findings indicate that godfatherism, despite its potential benefits for the democratic balance of power, has taken an unsettling turn in Nigeria's electoral environment, thus posing grave dangers to human security. It has evolved into a disruptive force, undermining the foundations of popular democratic governance and denying citizens the full dividends of democracy. The study highlights how godfatherism influences candidate selection, party loyalty, and electoral outcomes. Moreover, the study reveals that godfatherism perpetuates a system of political patronage, compromising the independence and accountability of elected officials. It also examines the consequences of godfatherism on the unity of political parties, electoral malpractices, and the quality of democratic representation in Osun State. In conclusion, this study underscores the need to reevaluate the role of godfatherism in Nigeria's electoral politics while advocating for reforms in the political system to promote transparency, accountability, and citizen participation.
Indonesia's Economic Advancement through Leveraging the Geopolitical Rivalry and Geostrategic between the USA and China in the Indo-Pacific Region
Authors: Ibrahim Muhamad Rizal , Sukandar Rudi , Nusantari Lusita Astuti
Published: September 2023

Indonesia's challenge in leveraging the USA-China rivalry for economic advancement requires a nuanced approach, considering its passive foreign policy, strategic dependence, and domestic development challenges. The country aims to enhance recovery prospects by strengthening food and financial security, rebuilding regional growth, and connectivity, while also accelerating the transformation towards an inclusive and participatory digital economy. The study aims to explore how Indonesia can strategically leverage the USA-China rivalry in the Indo-Pacific to enhance its economic opportunities and examine the implications of the rivalry on its economic growth and development. This study employs a qualitative research design, analyzing, and interpreting data from literature reviews. The results show Indonesia's economic growth and development are intricately linked to its approach to leveraging the USA-China rivalry, managing infrastructure dependencies, and promoting the digital economy. To ensure sustainable progress and poverty reduction, well-designed policies and a multi-pronged approach are essential. Balancing relations with both the USA and China will be pivotal in attracting investment and expanding trade while avoiding undue external influence. Emphasizing digital infrastructure, talent, economy, and government sectors can also enhance the digital economy and contribute to Indonesia's long-term success on the global stage. Finally, Indonesia must navigate geopolitical complexities, its passive foreign policy, and domestic challenges to fully capitalize on the benefits of the USA-China rivalry while safeguarding its interests and promoting regional stability.
EXPRESSIVE ILLOCUTIONARY ACTS TOWORDS AGUS YUDHOYONO’S NEWS IN JAKARTA GLOBE AND THE JAKARTA POTS’S NEWSPAPERS
Authors: Maulidia Humaira Restu , Kusumah Cita Mustika , Novita Dien , Sumarni Teti
Published: September 2023

Understanding the function of socially and culturally aspects play an important role in language learning. People will use a different language in a different context and situation. They will find out with whom, where, when, and in what stages they are talking. Therefore, the context cannot be separated to comprehend an utterance. According to Yule (1996) states that context is the situation surrounding the production of utterance. Furthermore, Leech (1983: 13) in Citraresmana (2015) states that “context is any background of knowledge assumed to be shared by speaker and hearer which contributes to the interpretation of what speaker means by given utterance.” Therefore, this present paper is aimed to find out the expressive illocutionary acts in newspapers from Jakarta Globe and the Jakarta Post about the current issue of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s son which is Agus Yudhoyono who decided to take part in Jakarta gubernatorial election. The newspaper from Jakarta Globe entitled “There's Logic behind Sacrificing Agus Yudhoyono’s Military Career: Former House Speaker” which published on Saturday, September 24, 2016. Besides, the newspaper from The Jakarta Post entitled “SBY’s son’s decision to enter politics regretted: TNI” which published on September 29, 2016. The research objectives are to find the types of expressive illocutionary acts that used in the utterance and to find the similarities of expressive illocutionary acts in both newspaper. Further, this research employs a qualitative approach as suggested by Creswell (2014) and find 14 utterances as the data. The finding of the research showed that there were two types of expressive illocutionary acts that found in the article, protesting and praising. Moreover, both types of the illocutionary acts are found in Jakarta Globe and Jakarta Post
Penerapan Natural Language Processing (NLP) di bidang pendidikan
Authors: Rumaisa Fitrah , Puspitarani Yan , Rosita Ai , Zakiah Azizah , Violina Sriyani
Published: September 2023

NLP adalah cabang dari kecerdasan buatan (AI) yang berhubungan dengan melatih komputer untuk memahami, memproses, dan menghasilkan bahasa. Salah satu implementasi NLP yang sangat penting adalah penerapannya di dunia pendidikan. NLP adalah proses yang efektif untuk membantu siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Menerapkan NLP dalam lingkungan pendidikan tidak hanya membantu dalam mengembangkan proses bahasa yang efektif, tetapi juga penting untuk meningkatkan prestasi akademik. Beberapa penerapan NLP di dunia pendidikan adalah Peringkasan Teks dan Paraphrasing, Tanya Jawab, Chatbot (feedback dari pendidik), Evaluasi Ejaan dan Grammar
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Menuju Ke mandirian Masyarakat Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Cianjur
Authors: Tresnawati Rina , Octavia Evi , Herawati Shinta Dewi , Latif Dini Verdania , Arsalan Syakieb , Hadian Niki , Mudzakar Mochamad Kohar
Published: September 2023

Pemberdayaan secara singkat dapat diartikan sebagai upaya memberikan kesempatan dan kemampuan kepada kelompok masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi, bernegosiasi, mempengaruhi, dan mengendalikan kelembagaan masyarakat secara bertanggung jawab atas perbaikan kehidupan. Pemberdayaan masyarakat merupakan salah satu program pemerintah desa dalam memanfaatkan semua sumber daya yang ada agar dapat berkembang serta dapat membantu proses kemajuan desa. Sasaran dalam program pemberdayaan masyarakat ini mencakup semua, mulai dari pemerintahan, kelembagaan, kesehatan, ekonomi masyarakat, teknologi, dan pendidikan. Perguruan tinggi dalam melaksanakan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi Kewajiban menyelenggarakan penelitian dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat di samping melaksanakan pendidikan yang tertuang pada Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 20 dan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2012 tentang pendidikan Tinggi pasal 45 menegaskan bahwa penelitian di perguruan tinggi diarahkan untuk mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, serta meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan daya saing bangsa. Kami terpanggil mensosialisasikan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam bidang ekonomi pada masyarakat yang berada di lingkungan Dinas Sosial Cianjur agar masyarakat paham mengenai harga pokok akan meningkatkan kesejahteraannya. Program-program Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Cianjur dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat terdiri dari ; Pemberdayaan masyarakat di bidang ekonomi , Pemberdayaan masyarakat di bidang kesehatan , dan pemberdayaan masyarakat di bidang pendidikan.
Ortaokul Öğretmenlerinin Pandemi Sonrasında Öğrencilerde Meydana Gelen Öğrenme ve Davranış Kayıpları ile İlgili Görüşleri
Authors: Dündar Recep , Kızık Mehmet Mustafa
Published: September 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı pandemi sonrasında okulların açılmasıyla beraber öğrencilerin okullardan uzak kaldığı süreç de yaşadıkları öğrenme ve davranış kayıplarını ortaokul öğretmenlerinin görüşlerine başvurarak tespit etmek ve çözüm önerilerinde bulunmaktır. Nitel araştırma yöntemiyle yapılan bu çalışma durum çalışması deseni ile yapılmıştır. Araştırma milli eğitim bakanlığına bağlı ortaokullar da görev yapan 28 öğretmen ile sürdürülmüştür. Bu araştırma da elde edilen veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Katılımcı öğretmenlere ilgili literatür taranarak ve uzman görüşü alınarak 3 adet soru sorulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler betimsel ve içerik analizi teknikleri kullanılarak belli temalar altında, bu veriler gruplanarak çözümlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca elde edilen bulgulara göre 3 tane tema ön plana çıkmıştır. Bu temalar öğrencilerde bireyselliğin ön plana çıkması, davranış kayıplarının daha önemli olması ve veli ile iletişim kurulması gerektiği temaları ortaya çıkmıştır.  Ve bu temalar diyagramlar kullanılarak gösterilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulardan hareketle meydana gelen öğrenme ve davranış kayıplarının çözümü için öğrenci-veli iletişiminin bu süreçte daha sık yapılmasını ve öğrencilerde sosyalleşmeyi geliştirici etkinliklerin tasarlanmasını ve öğrencileri bu etkinliklere yönlendirilmesi gerektiğini belirtmişlerdir.
Erken Çocukluğa İlişkin Mitler Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi
Authors: Aktaş Emine Feyza , Güçhan-Özgül Sinem
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışmada erken çocukluk dönemindeki çocuklarla etkileşim halindeki paydaşların bu döneme ilişkin yaygın inanışlarını ortaya koyan “Erken Çocukluğa İlişkin Mitler Ölçeği’nin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında ebeveynlerden, okul öncesi öğretmenlerinden, sınıf öğretmenlerinden ve okul psikolojik danışmanlarından ve ilgili alanlarda öğrenim gören üniversite öğrencilerinden veri toplanmıştır. Bu kapsamda madde havuzunun oluşturulması sürecinde 29 katılımcı ile odak grup görüşmesi, ikinci çalışma grubunda yer alan 297 katılımcıdan elde edilen verilerle açımlayıcı faktör analizi ve üçüncü çalışma grubunda yer alan 198 katılımcıdan elde edilen verilerle doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Yapı geçerliği kapsamında açımlayıcı faktör analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda ölçeğin dört faktörlü bir yapı sergilediği belirlenmiş ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile bu yapı doğrulanmıştır. Güvenirlik hesaplamaları kapsamında Cronbach Alpha ve Omega katsayıları ve test tekrar test yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin psikometrik analizleri erken çocukluk dönemine ilişkin mitlerin değerlendirilebilmesi güvenle kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MELALUI PENGOLAHAN TANAMAN BAYAM YANG TUMBUH SEKITAR PERKARANGAN DI KELURAHAN PADANG JATI
Authors: Nuramadani Ulfa
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAKPemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat menjadi salah satu langkah kebijakan atau inovasi dalam upaya terus mendukung roda perekonomian masyarakat terlebih di masa pandemi covid-19 yang mewabah di seluruh daerah, termasuk di kelurahan padang jati, kota bengkulu. Salah satu langkah pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat adalah dengan menghasilkan produk yang memiliki peluang sehingga dapat bernilai jual. Olahan keripik bayam merupakan salah satu inovasi yang dapat digunakan dalam upaya pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat. Bayam(Amaranthus sp)merupakan salah satu tanaman yang sudah banyak dipromosikan sebagai sayuran yang banyak mengandung gizi bagi penduduk di negara yang sedang berkembang. Karena tanaman bayam memiliki kandungan gizi yang tinggi, maka sayuran bayam sering disebut sebagai raja sayuran. Tanaman bayam yang kini sudah dikenal di seluruh penjuru dunia, menurut penelusuran dari sejarah bayam ternyata tanaman bayam berasal dari daerah Amerika Tropika. Dalam perkembangan selanjutnya, dikawasan Amerika Latin tanaman bayam dipromosikan sebagai bahan pangan sumber protein, terutama bagi negara-negara berkembang. Masuknya tanaman bayam ke Indonesia bersamaan dengan lalu lintas perdagangan luar negeri yang memasarkan barang dagangan ke Indonesia pada abad XIX atau sekitar tahun 1900.Tanaman bayam yang mudah didapat dan diolah dengan bahan-bahan sederhana dapat menjadi salah satu upaya dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat pada masa pandemi covid-19.KATA KUNCI: bayam, ekonomi, covid-19
PENGENALAN DAN PELATIHAN PRODUKSI KERIPIK BAYAM DI PANTI ASUHAN HARAPAN 1 KARAWANG
Authors: Rahadi Dedi Rianto , Hutabarat Erny Estiurlina , Faramida Imit , Handoyo Ayu Putri
Published: September 2023

Pengenalan dan pelatihan produksi adalah kumpulan kegiatan yang memiliki fungsi untuk menambah pengalaman, pengetahuan serta untuk meningkatkan kreativitas seseorang. Pelatihan produksi keripik bayam merupakan salah satu kegiatan baru yang didapatkan remaja Panti Asuhan Harapan 1 Karawang. Hal ini dapat meningkatkan pemahaman, kreativitas dan juga dapat menjadi bekal ide remaja tersebut saat berwirausaha di masa depan. Bayam merupakan salah satu jenis sayuran dengan jumlah yang melimpah dan harga yang terjangkau. Selain dapat diolah menjadi sayur-mayur, bayam juga dapat diproduksi menjadi cemilan seperti keripik bayam. Pada kegiatan pengenalan dan pelatihan produksi ini, mahasiswa Universitas Presiden menggunakan metode partisipatif yang melibatkan seluruh remaja panti asuhan 1 karawang dalam mempraktikan pengolahan bayam menjadi keripik bayam. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya minat dan bertambahnya pemahaman remaja panti asuhan 1 harapan karawang tentang produksi keripik bayam.
Kata Kunci: Pelatihan, Produksi, Keripik Bayam
 
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION AND TRAINING IN THE PRODUCTION OF SPINACH CHIPS AT HARAPAN 1 KARAWANG ORPHANAGE. Production introduction and training is a collection of activities that have a function to increase experience, and knowledge and to increase one's creativity. Spinach chips production training is one of the new activities for the youth of the Harapan 1 Orphanage in Karawang. This can increase understanding, and creativity and can also be a provision for the youth's ideas for entrepreneurship in the future. Spinach is one type of vegetable with an abundant amount and an affordable price. Besides being able to be processed into vegetables, spinach can also be made into snacks such as spinach chips. In this production introduction and training activity, President University students used a participatory method that involved all teenagers of the 1 Karawang orphanage in practicing processing spinach into spinach chips. The results of the activity showed that there was interest and increased understanding of teenagers at the Karawang 1 Harapan Orphanage about the production of spinach chips.
Keywords: Training, Production, Spinach Chips
SOSIALISASI PENCEGAHAN STUNTING DENGAN POLA MAKAN DAN POLA ASUH DI DESA BANDUNG AYU, KECAMATAN PINO RAYA, KABUPATEN BENGKULU SELATAN
Authors: Dandi Rama , Dolita Hefti , Puspitasari Arini , Simanjuntak Delfridawati Devita , Ferandi Ferandi , Hermalinda Intan , Lidiana Meleindri , Puspita Novia Della , Akbar Rizki Cahya
Published: September 2023

Kuliah Kerja Nyata merupakan bagian dari pengabdian mahasiswa kepada masyarakat sekaligus sebagai bagian dari pelaksanaan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. Salah satu program kerja pada pengabdian ini yaitu Sosialisasi Pencegahan Stunting dengan Memperbaiki Pola Makan dan Pola Asuh di Desa Bandung Ayu. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat Desa Bandung Ayu terkait pencegahan stunting. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode pelaksanaan langsung ke masyarakat. Hasil dari kegiatan sosialisasi ini harapkan mampu mengubah cara berpikir masyarakat terkait bahaya stunting dan bagaimana cara mencegahnya.
Kata Kunci: KKN, Stunting, Pola Makan, Pola Asuhan, Desa Bandung Ayu
 
ABSTRACT
 SOCIALIZATION OF STUNTING PREVENTION WITH FOOD AND PARENTING PATTERNS IN BANDUNG AYU VILLAGE, PINO RAYA SUB-DISTRICT, BENGKULU SELATAN DISTRICT. Community service is part of the student services to the community and the implementation of the Three Pillars (Tri Dharma) of Higher Education. One of the working programs in this activity is the Socialization of Stunting Prevention by Improving Diet and Parenting Patterns in Bandung Ayu Village. This socialization activity was carried out to improve the knowledge and understanding of the people of Desa Bandung Ayu regarding stunting prevention. This activity was carried out by the method of direct implementation to the community. The results of this socialization activity are expected to be able to change the way people think about the risks of stunting and how to prevent it
Keywords: KKN, Stunting, Diet, Parenting, Bandung Ayu Village
EDUKASI PEDULI LINGKUNGAN DAN SAMPAH PADA ANAK DAN PENDAMPINGAN ANAK MELALUI PROGRAM ONE STUDENT SAVE ONE FAMILY (OSSOF)
Authors: Sisma putri Windi , Yulanda Widia , Evaldy Situmeang Jasinto , Mahrojan  , Wulan Dari Futri , Rezha Armadi Joffy , Prasetio Juli , Anugerah Pasha Yudha , Chanafiyah Yayah
Published: September 2023

Kuliah kerja nyata merupakan salah satu bentuk pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Hal ini sesuai dengan tri dharma perguruan tinggi bagian pendabdian masyarakat. Salah satu tujuan kuliah kerja nyata Universitas Bengkulu periode 99 ini  merupakan KKN tematik OSSOF ( One Student Save One Family). Kegiatan KKN ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi kekerasan yang terjadi pada anak dan perempuan. RT 29/RW 05 ini terletak di kelurahan sumber jaya kecamatan kampung melayu yang terletak di kota Bengkulu. . Kegiatan KKN ini dilaksanakan tepatnya di RT.29, RW 05 dengan kondisi masyarakat yang berada di dekat taman simpang kandis dan tempat ini juga merupakan salah satu tempat wista yang kerap dikunjungi masyarakat setempat maupun dari luar. Akan tetapi sampah pada lingkungan RT. 29, RW 05 masih banyaknya sampah terutama sampah plastik yang masih banyak bertebaran. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan kegiatan peduli lingkungan terbebas dari sampah yang ditanam sejak dini. Sehingga pada kegiatan ini dilakukan edukasi peduli lingkungan dan sampah pada anak, dengan adanya hal itu anak-anak akan lebih peduli terhadap lingkungannya dan akan mengetahui dampak dari lingkungan yang kotor dan tidak terawat.
SOSIALISASI PENANGANAN STUNTING KEPADA IBU-IBU HAMIL SERTA IBU MENYUSUI
Authors: Aswindra Verti , Eliza  , Makhrian Andy
Published: September 2023

Stunting adalah kondisi tinggi badan seseorang yang kurang dari normal berdasarkan usia dan jenis kelamin. Meskipun jumlah penduduk di Indonesia ini sangat besar, namun sayang kualitas sumber daya manusia (SDM) Indonesia masih dipandang kurang oleh negara-negara lain. Oleh karena itu masalah stunting merupakan masalah penting yang perlu segera diatasi. Salah satu upaya penanggulangan stunting pada balita adalah dengan memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat dalam rangka peningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran akan penanggulangan stunting serta edukasi dalam pemberian makanan tambahan. Tujuan dari kegiatan KKN ini adalah mahasiswa dapat membantu meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat, meningkatkan pengetahuan, kesadaran dan kepedulian masyarakat mengenai stunting dan meningkatkan kreativitas masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan stunting. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode diskusi dan sosialisasi. Keadaan gizi balita pendek menjadi penyebab 2,2 juta dari seluruh penyebab kematian balita di seluruh dunia. Faktor pendidikan ibu rendah memiliki pengaruh secara bermakna terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak dan memiliki risiko mengalami stunting sebanyak 1,67 kali. Faktor pendapatan rumah tangga yang rendah diidentifikasi sebagai predictor signifikan untuk stunting pada balita sebesar 2,1 kali. Faktor sanitasi yang tidak baik memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita dan memiliki risiko mengalami stunting hingga sebesar 5,0 kali. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah semakin rendahnya berat badan lahir (BBLR), tingkat pendidikan ibu, pendapatan rumah tangga, dan kurangnya hygiene sanitasi rumah maka risiko balita menjadi stunting semakin besar.
Representasi Nilai Multikultural dalam Desain Ornamen Songket “Kambang Cino” Koto Gadang
Authors: Akbar Taufik , Imelda Desra , Rahmanita Nofi , Yanuarmi Dini , Qomarats Izan
Published: September 2023

Abstrak Visualisasi suatu karya seni dapat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi zaman yang terkait dengan seniman dan gejala sosio-kultural suatu masyarakat, termasuk seni ragam hias atau ornamen. Ornamen songket “Kambang Cino” Koto Gadang secara tidak langsung dapat mengungkapkan pandangan hidup masyarakat perajin sekaligus gejala sosio-kultural yang diduga kuat merefleksikan keberadaan nilai multikultural. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan bentuk visual, gaya seni, makna sekunder, tema karya, makna intrinsik dan nilai simbolik dari ornamen songket “Kambang Cino” Koto Gadang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan sejarah melalui teori ikonografi Erwin Panofsky. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa visualisasi songket ini menggabungkan ornamen Minangkabau dengan ornamen khas budaya Cina yang bergaya fantasi. Ornamen pada songket ini bertemakan tentang manusia dan alam semesta (makrokosmos) yang bermakna tentang nilai toleransi, perdamaian dan kemakmuran. Ornamen songket “Kambang Cino” merupakan representasi simbolik dari nilai keberagaman dan keterbukaan atas keberadaan etnis sosio kultural yang multietnis dalam masyarakat Koto Gadang sebagai bagian dari masyarakat Minangkabau dan Indonesia. Kata Kunci: desain, Koto Gadang, multikulturalisme, nilai, tenun songket AbstractThe visualization of an artwork can be influenced by the conditions of the times, the ideology of the artist, and the socio-cultural phenomena of society, including ornaments. Koto Gadang's "Kambang Cino" songket weaving ornament can indirectly express the view of the craftsman, as well as socio-cultural phenomena that reflect multicultural values. This study aims to explain the visual form, style, secondary meaning, theme, intrinsic meaning, and symbolic meaning of the songket weaving ornament "Kambang Cino" from Koto Gadang. The research was conducted using a qualitative method with a historical approach through Erwin Panofsky's iconographic theory. The results indicated that the visualization of this songket weaving combines Minangkabau ornaments with typical Chinese culture ornaments in a fantasy style. This songket weaving ornaments have the theme of humans and the universe (macrocosm) with tolerance, peace, and prosperity values. The songket weaving ornament "Kambang Cino" is a symbolic representation of the diversity and open mind values of the multi-ethnic socio-cultural life in Koto Gadang society as part of the Minangkabau and Indonesian society. Keywords: design, Koto Gadang, multi-culturalism, songket weaving, values
PERFORMANCE OF STEEL FIBER EXTRACTED FROM OLD WASTE TYRES ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE FOR RIGID PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Firdawok Mesihib , Geremew Anteneh , Ayene Habtamu , Chala Galata
Published: September 2023

The application of Waste Recycled Steel Fibers (WRSF) extracted from waste tyres in fiber-reinforced concrete production has great benefits in civil engineering. Thus, this creates a need to study the appropriate length and dosages of recycled steel fiber in fiber-reinforced concrete. In this experimental research, the effects of varying lengths (5cm and 10 cm) and dosages (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3%) of WRSF on various mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced concrete for rigid pavement construction were studied. The aggregates were taken from a stockpile, commercially available cement Dangote Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), and potable water. Non-probable sampling techniques were adopted to collect extracted waste steel tyres. The quality test for sand (fine) and coarse aggregate satisfies the requirements specified in the ASTM. The concrete mix design was done in two categories; the first was a control mix concrete and the second was the experimental mix concrete with the addition of steel fibers with varying lengths (5cm and 10 cm) and dosages (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3%) of WRSF in concrete (percentages were determined by density for each fiber). The mix ratio of cement: sand: aggregate (1:2:3) with a constant water-to-cement ratio of 0.53 was used   throughout this investigation. The outcome showed that the fiber fraction with 1.5% and 10cm of fiber had the maximum compressive strength which was 45.59 MPa, while for the fraction with 1% and 5cm of fiber, the maximum compressive strength was 43.85 MPa. The flexural strength had a maximum value of 5.88 MPa at 3% fiber content for 5cm fiber and 5.09 MPa at 3% for 10cm of fiber. The maximum tensile strength attained was 4.74 MPa and 3.50 MPa at 3% WRSF for 5cm and 10cm of fiber, respectively. The strain value had a maximum value at 3% for both 10cm and 5cm of fiber which were 0.53 and 0.6 respectively. The concrete strength which was obtained with the addition of steel fiber showed reasonable improvement in compressive, indirect tensile, and flexural strength. However, as the percentage of WRSF increased, the workability of concrete reduced.
El léxico popular y argótico en la novela «Don Catrín de la Fachenda», de José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi
Authors: Buzek Ivo
Published: September 2023

El artículo se dedica al léxico diafásica y diastráticamente marcado presente en novela Vida y hechos del famoso caballero D. Catrín de la Fachenda (1832), de José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi. El manejo de las obras literarias para la historia de las hablas populares y marginales es metodológicamente problemático, pero se puede solucionar aplicando el aparato de la pragmática histórica (Oesterreicher 2004), complementado, a su vez, con los criterios tipográficos, como usos de la letra cursiva para marcar el léxico argótico, o mediante paráfrasis y explicaciones en el texto, según hemos comprobado en Buzek (2017). En esta ocasión vamos a seguir en la misma línea de investigación aplicando los filtros metodológicos con las adaptaciones necesarias, si la obra lo requiere. Nuestro objetivo principal es ir estudiando documentos pertinentes —literarios y no literarios— para la historia de las hablas marginales en el español en América en general y en México en particular para poder ofrecer en adelante una visión de conjunto.
María Herreros Marcilla, Lorna Carson, Freiderikos Valetopoulos, Christiane von Stutterheim, Matteo Vialey Cristina Martins (coords.) (2022). «Guía para la inclusión lingüística de migrantes»
Authors: Checa García Irene
Published: September 2023

María Herreros Marcilla, Lorna Carson, Freiderikos Valetopoulos, Christiane von Stutterheim, Matteo Vialey Cristina Martins (coords.) (2022). «Guía para la inclusión lingüística de migrantes», Salamanca, Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, 2022, 191 pp. ISBN: 978-84-1311-654-9 (PDF), DOI: https://doi.org/10.14201/0LP0030
Roles of retrovirus-derived PEG10 and PEG11/RTL1 in mammalian development and evolution and their involvement in human disease
Authors: Shiura Hirosuke , Kitazawa Moe , Ishino Fumitoshi , Kaneko-Ishino Tomoko
Published: September 2023

PEG10 and PEG11/RTL1 are paternally expressed, imprinted genes that play essential roles in the current eutherian developmental system and are therefore associated with developmental abnormalities caused by aberrant genomic imprinting. They are also presumed to be retrovirus-derived genes with homology to the sushi-ichi retrotransposon GAG and POL, further expanding our comprehension of mammalian evolution via the domestication (exaptation) of retrovirus-derived acquired genes. In this manuscript, we review the importance of PEG10 and PEG11/RTL1 in genomic imprinting research via their functional roles in development and human disease, including neurodevelopmental disorders of genomic imprinting, Angelman, Kagami-Ogata and Temple syndromes, and the impact of newly inserted DNA on the emergence of newly imprinted regions. We also discuss their possible roles as ancestors of other retrovirus-derived RTL/SIRH genes that likewise play important roles in the current mammalian developmental system, such as in the placenta, brain and innate immune system.
Copper-catalyzed reaction of aziridine for the synthesis of substituted imidazolidine and imidazolidinone
Authors: Hashimoto Kota , Higuchi Daiki , Matsubara Satoshi , Murakami Kei
Published: September 2023

Herein we report a copper-catalyzed synthesis of imidazolidine by employing the reaction of aziridine with imine. The reaction smoothly provided a diverse range of 2-substituted imidazolidines with high compatibility with various functional groups. Moreover, during our investigation, we discovered that isocyanate also reacted with aziridine to yield substituted imidazolidinones efficiently. The versatility of these reactions was further demonstrated by their application in the synthesis of hybrid molecules derived from two pharmaceutical compounds. This approach opens new possibilities for the discovery of novel classes of bioactive molecules.
Revisiting the archaeological investigations of rice domestication in China during 10,000–7,000 BP in a human behavioral context
Authors: Pan Yan
Published: September 2023

In East Asian archaeology, initial domestication and early dispersal of rice have continuously attracted scholarly interest in the recent decade, which has generated abundant new materials and revised opinions. This paper starts with a refreshed understanding of the domestication concept that emphasizes the dominant role of human behavior in the mutualistic relationship. A thorough review of the approaches to and data on reconstructing the rice story during 10,000–7,000 BP demonstrates the causally chained changes in phenotype, genotype, and human behavior in the establishment of domestication. Future studies will benefit from the revised paradigm, which has great potential to extract archaeological information to explain multiple mechanisms in rice domestication.
Zircon U-Pb geochronology of the Lan Sang gneisses and its tectonic implications for the Mae Ping shear zone, NW Thailand
Authors: Lin Yu-Ling , Lee Tung-Yi , Lee Hao-Yang , Iizuka Yoshiyuki , Quek Long Xiang , Charusiri Punya
Published: September 2023

The Mae Ping shear zone (MPSZ), a major shear zone trending NW-SE in Thailand, is responsible for the left-lateral displacement of the N-S Triassic-Jurassic granitoid and gneiss belt. This displacement is postulated to have contributed to Cenozoic extrusion tectonics. Within the Lan Sang National Park, the MPSZ exposes several intensely deformed lithologies, collectively known as the Lan Sang gneisses. These gneisses have attracted considerable attention for their potential to substantiate the extrusion model. However, the timing of the emplacement of the orthogneiss protolith is still debated. Moreover, the origin and distribution of the Eocene syn-shearing granodiorite within this shear zone are not well understood. To shed light on the magmatic history of the MPSZ, this study utilized zircon U-Pb geochronology to systematically investigate the Lan Sang gneisses. Our findings demonstrate that these gneisses can be categorized into paragneiss and orthogneiss groups. Paragneiss samples feature zircons displaying rounded detrital cores ranging from 3,078 to 450 Ma, with metamorphic rim overgrowth of ca. 200 Ma (most Th/U <0.01). This indicates that their Paleozoic sedimentary protoliths experienced high-grade metamorphism during the Triassic-Jurassic Indosinian orogeny. On the other hand, zircon from orthogneiss samples shows that their magmatic protoliths were predominantly emplaced either around ∼200 Ma or within 45-32 Ma. The Eocene-Oligocene magmatism likely coincided with the proposed Eocene metamorphism. Since these samples were deformed by left-lateral shearing, the left-lateral motion of the MPSZ probably ended after 32 Ma. Eocene-Oligocene magmatic events have also been identified in granite, mylonite, and gneiss samples from other regions along the Sibumasu terrane, including the Three Pagodas, Klaeng, Ranong, Khlong Marui shear zones, and the Doi Inthanon area. The Eocene-Oligocene magmatism was likely linked with the movement of the shear zones and may be responsible for the regional cooling pattern. The spatial and temporal distribution of the Eocene-Oligocene magmatism within the Sibumasu terrane supports the hypothesis that the inward migration of magmatism in the overriding plate resulted from the shallowing of the Neo-Tethyan slab.
Pre-pregnancy body mass index and glycated-hemoglobin with the risk of metabolic diseases in gestational diabetes: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Xinyue , Zhang Simin , Yu Wenlu , Li Guohua , Li Jinglin , Ji Jing , Mi Yang , Luo Xiaoqin
Published: September 2023

Background

Metabolic diseases during pregnancy result in negative consequences for mothers. Pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and late-pregnancy glycated-hemoglobin (HbA1c) are most important factors independently affecting the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However how both affect the combined risk of other metabolic diseases in women with GDM is unclear. The study aims to investigate the influence of pre-pregnancy BMI and pregnancy glycemic levels on other gestational metabolic diseases in women with GDM.

Methods

Pregnancies with GDM from January 2015 to December 2018 in the Xi’an longitudinal mother-child cohort study (XAMC) were retrospectively enrolled. Those without other metabolic diseases by the time of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) detection were finally recruited and divided into four groups by pre-pregnancy BMI (Underweight <18.5kg/m2; Normal weight 18.5-23.9 kg/m2; Overweight 24.0-27.9 kg/m2; Obesity ≥28.0 kg/m2, respectively) or two groups by HbA1c in late pregnancy (normal HbA1c<5.7%; high HbA1c≥5.7%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors. Interaction between pre-pregnancy BMI (reference group 18.5-23.9 kg/m2) and HbA1c (reference group <5.7%) was determined using strata-specific analysis.

Results

A total of 8928 subjects with GDM were included, 16.2% of which had a composite of metabolic diseases. The pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity, compared with normal BMI, were linked to the elevated risk of the composite of metabolic diseases, particularly pre-eclampsia (both P <0.001) and gestational hypertension (both P <0.001). Meanwhile, patients with high HbA1c had an obvious higher risk of pre-eclampsia (P< 0.001) and gestational hypertension (P= 0.005) compared to those with normal HbA1c. In addition, there were significant interactions between pre-pregnancy BMI and HbA1c (P< 0.001). The OR of pre-pregnancy BMI≥ 28 kg/m2 and HbA1c≥ 5.7% was 4.46 (95% CI: 2.85, 6.99; P< 0.001). The risk of other metabolic diseases, except for pre-eclampsia (P= 0.003), was comparable between the two groups of patients with different HbA1c levels at normal pre-pregnancy BMI group. However, that was remarkably elevated in obese patients (P= 0.004), particularly the risk of gestational hypertension (P= 0.004).

Conclusion

Pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and late-pregnancy high HbA1c increased the risk of other gestational metabolic diseases of women with GDM. Monitoring and controlling late-pregnancy HbA1c was effective in reducing metabolic diseases, particularly in those who were overweight/obese before conception.
Nitric oxide, thyroglobulin, and calcitonin: unraveling the nature of thyroid nodules
Authors: Samardzic Vladimir S. , Macvanin Mirjana T. , Zafirovic Sonja S. , Obradovic Milan M. , Gluvic Zoran M. , Grubin Jasmina , Gao Xin , Essack Magbubah , Isenovic Esma R.
Published: September 2023

Background

Thyroid nodules (TN) are localized morphological changes in the thyroid gland and can be benign or malignant.

Objective

The present study investigates the relationships between biochemical markers in serum (s) and their homologs in washout (w) after fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of the TN of interest and their correlation with cytology specimen findings.

Methods

We investigated the relationships between serum biochemical markers nitric oxide (NO), thyroglobulin (TG), and calcitonin (CT), their homologs in washout after FNAB of the TN of interest, and cytology findings of biopsy samples classified according to the Bethesda system for thyroid cytopathology in this study, which included 86 subjects.

Results

Washout TG (TGw) level positively correlates with the cytology finding of the biopsy. A higher level of TGw correlates with higher categories of the Bethesda classification and indicates a higher malignant potential. The levels of serum NO (NOs), serum TG (TGs), serum CT (CTs), and washout CT (CTw) do not correlate with the cytology finding of the biopsy, and the higher levels of washout NO (NOw) correspond to the more suspicious ultrasound findings.

Conclusion

The findings of our study suggest that TGw and NOw could be used as potential predictors of malignancy in TN.
Braving the extremes: foraminifera document changes in climate-induced and anthropogenic stress in Wadden Sea salt marshes
Authors: Bunzel Dorothea , Milker Yvonne , Francescangeli Fabio , Schmiedl Gerhard
Published: September 2023

Tidal wetlands are highly dynamic ecosystems that are susceptible to changes in sea level and flooding from storm surges. Among them, salt marshes play a key role in coastal protection as they contribute to wave attenuation through their regulating ecosystem services, thereby promoting sediment deposition and shoreline stabilization. However, the resilience of salt marshes, particularly those that have been modified and cultivated for centuries, is questionable in the face of accelerated sea-level rise (SLR) and increasing run-up heights of storm surges. In this context, this study aims to investigate the historical foraminiferal records of two sedimentary salt marsh archives from the Wadden Sea area (Dithmarschen and North Frisia, Germany) that have been modified to varying degrees by human management activities over the last century. The foraminiferal records document how physico-chemical traits of salt marshes of the central Wadden Sea have responded to storm tide inundation over the last century, providing information about salt marsh stability and vulnerability. Abnormally grown tests of the salt marsh indicator speciesEntzia macrescensincreased in number between 1950 CE and the late 1980s, indicating the concurrent increase of environmental stress caused by the effects of times of increased salt marsh flooding. These trends can be linked to observations of amplified North Sea storm surges, corroborating that salt marsh ecosystems respond to changing climate conditions. Differences in the number of abnormal foraminifera between the studied salt marshes suggest a particularly high vulnerability of intensively human-modified coastal wetland ecosystems to amplified storm climate conditions.
Potential plasma biomarkers at low altitude for prediction of acute mountain sickness
Authors: Guo Haoran , Wang Qi , Li Tao , Chen Jingwen , Zhang Chao , Xu Ying , Chang Qing , Li Hangyi , Sun Weiqiang , Han Ruidi , Wang Chi , Wang Chengbin
Published: September 2023

Background

Ascending to high altitude can induce a range of physiological and molecular alterations, rendering a proportion of lowlanders unacclimatized. The prediction of acute mountain sickness (AMS) prior to ascent to high altitude remains elusive.

Methods

A total of 40 participants were enrolled for our study in the discovery cohort, and plasma samples were collected from all individuals. The subjects were divided into severe AMS-susceptible (sAMS) group, moderate AMS-susceptible (mAMS) group and non-AMS group based on the Lake Louise Score (LLS) at both 5000m and 3700m. Proteomic analysis was conducted on a cohort of 40 individuals to elucidate differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and associated pathways between AMS-susceptible group and AMS-resistant group at low altitude (1400m) and middle high-altitude (3700m). Subsequently, a validation cohort consisting of 118 individuals was enrolled. The plasma concentration of selected DEPs were quantified using ELISA. Comparative analyses of DEPs among different groups in validation cohort were performed, followed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis to evaluate the predictive efficiency of DEPs for the occurrence of AMS.

Results

The occurrence of the AMS symptoms and LLS differed significantly among the three groups in the discovery cohort (p<0.05), as well as in the validation cohort. Comparison of plasma protein profiles using GO analysis revealed that DEPs were primarily enriched in granulocyte activation, neutrophil mediated immunity, and humoral immune response. The comparison of potential biomarkers between the sAMS group and non-AMS group at low altitude revealed statistically higher levels of AAT, SAP and LTF in sAMS group (p=0.01), with a combined area under the curve(AUC) of 0.965. Compared to the mAMS group at low altitude, both SAP and LTF were found to be significantly elevated in the sAMS group, with a combined AUC of 0.887. HSP90-α and SAP exhibited statistically higher levels in the mAMS group compared to the non-AMS group at low altitude, with a combined AUC of 0.874.

Conclusion

Inflammatory and immune related biological processes were significantly different between AMS-susceptible and AMS-resistant groups at low altitude and middle high-altitude. SAP, AAT, LTF and HSP90-α were considered as potential biomarkers at low altitude for the prediction of AMS.
EBV-induced T-cell responses in EBV-specific and nonspecific cancers
Authors: Zhang Qiuting , Xu Miao
Published: September 2023

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human tumor virus associated with various malignancies, including B-lymphoma, NK and T-lymphoma, and epithelial carcinoma. It infects B lymphocytes and epithelial cells within the oropharynx and establishes persistent infection in memory B cells. With a balanced virus-host interaction, most individuals carry EBV asymptomatically because of the lifelong surveillance by T cell immunity against EBV. A stable anti-EBV T cell repertoire is maintained in memory at high frequency in the blood throughout persistent EBV infection. Patients with impaired T cell immunity are more likely to develop life-threatening lymphoproliferative disorders, highlighting the critical role of T cells in achieving the EBV-host balance. Recent studies reveal that the EBV protein, LMP1, triggers robust T-cell responses against multiple tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in B cells. Additionally, EBV-specific T cells have been identified in EBV-unrelated cancers, raising questions about their role in antitumor immunity. Herein, we summarize T-cell responses in EBV-related cancers, considering latency patterns, host immune status, and factors like human leukocyte antigen (HLA) susceptibility, which may affect immune outcomes. We discuss EBV-induced TAA-specific T cell responses and explore the potential roles of EBV-specific T cell subsets in tumor microenvironments. We also describe T-cell immunotherapy strategies that harness EBV antigens, ranging from EBV-specific T cells to T cell receptor-engineered T cells. Lastly, we discuss the involvement of γδ T-cells in EBV infection and associated diseases, aiming to elucidate the comprehensive interplay between EBV and T-cell immunity.
Immune interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Booysen Petro , Wilkinson Katalin A. , Sheerin Dylan , Waters Robyn , Coussens Anna K. , Wilkinson Robert J.
Published: September 2023

SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are major infectious causes of death, with meta-analyses and population-based studies finding increased mortality in co-infected patients simultaneously diagnosed with COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB). There is a need to understand the immune interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and Mtb which impacts poor outcomes for those co-infected. We performed a PubMed and preprint search using keywords [SARS-CoV-2] AND [tuberculosis] AND [Immune response], including publications after January 2020, excluding reviews or opinions. Abstracts were evaluated by authors for inclusion of data specifically investigating the innate and/or acquired immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and Mtb in humans and animal models, immunopathological responses in co-infection and both trials and investigations of potential protection against SARS-CoV-2 by Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG). Of the 248 articles identified, 39 were included. Incidence of co-infection is discussed, considering in areas with a high burden of TB, where reported co-infection is likely underestimated. We evaluated evidence of the clinical association between COVID-19 and TB, discuss differences and similarities in immune responses in humans and in murine studies, and the implications of co-infection. SARS-CoV-2 and Mtb have both been shown to modulate immune responses, particularly of monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells. Co-infection may result in impaired immunity to SARS-CoV-2, with an exacerbated inflammatory response, while T cell responses to Mtb may be modulated by SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, there has been no proven potential COVID-19 clinical benefit of BCG despite numerous large-scale clinical trials.