bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heterosis and combining ability for yield traits and its relationship with gene action in muskmelon (Cucumis melo)
Authors: SAHA KOUSHIK , CHOUDHARY HARSHAWARDHAN , MUNSHI A D , SINGH A K
Published: September 2022

Twenty-one F1 hybrids were developed from seven diverse parental lines of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) from two horticultural groups, viz. inodorous and cantalupensis through half-diallel mating system and evaluated at ICARIndian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, during 2017 and 2018. The component of variance for sca (σ2s) was higher than gca component of variance (σ2g) for all the characters, except average fruit weight, which indicated the importance of non-additive gene action for improvement of many traits. The predictability ratio and average degree of dominance was less than 0.5 and more than 1 for all the yield related traits, except average fruit weight, which further confirmed the predominant role of non-additive component of variance. The parent DHM-163 (P1) was identified as good general combiner for earliness, whereas parent DCM-31 (P4) for fruit length, average fruit weight and yield per plant. The parent Pusa Madhuras (P5) also exhibited highest gca effects for number of fruits per plant, number ofprimary branches per plant, fruit diameter and negative gca effects for days to first fruit harvest. The hybrid DCM-31 × Kashi Madhu (P4 × P6) exhibited highest heterotic value for days to first male flower anthesis, days to first female flower anthesis and days to first fruit harvest. Three crosses, DMM-159 × Pusa Madhuras (P3 × P5), DHM-163 × Kashi Madhu (P1 × P6) and DMM-159 × DCM-31 (P3 × P4) were found to be best heterotic combinations for yield related traits. These promising heterotic hybrid combinations may be tested under multi-location trials to assess their potential as commercial hybrids.
Heterosis for grain yield contributing traits in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)
Authors: SINGH JOGENDRA , SHARMA VIVEK , SHARMA L D , KUMAR SHARMA SHRAVAN
Published: September 2022

The general expectation of the pearl millet farmers is mainly focused on level of superiority of newly released hybrids than the local standard hybrids, which is grown widely. Hence, the standard check RHB-173, RHB-177 and MPMH-17 were used as standard hybrid. The hybrid namely RMS-7 × RIB-3135-18 expressed highest significant standard heterotic value for grain yield per plant and fourassociated traits out of nine studied traits including dry fodder yield per plot also showed positive significant standard heterosis. Similarly, another hybrid namely RMS-7 × RIB-16296 showed highest significant standard heterosis for dry fodder yield per plot. The showed cross combination, viz. ICMA-00444 × RIB-16S/110, ICMA-00111 × RIB-494, ICMA-00444 × RIB-16296 and ICMA-00444 × RIB-16328 were good for other studied traits. At the end, among 100 hybrids studied, one hybrid, viz. RMS-7 × RIB-3135-18 was selected as best cross since, it expressed high significant standard heterosis over best check for many of the traits including grain yield and dryfodder yield and may have potential to replace old cultivar in the future.
Medium Access Control Protocol for High Altitude Platform Based Massive Machine Type Communication
Authors: Mahyastuty Veronica Windha , Iskandar Iskandar , Hendrawan Hendrawan , Arifianto Mohammad Sigit
Published: September 2022

Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) can be used to connect a large number of sensors over a wide coverage area. One of the places where mMTC can be applied is in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A WSN consists of several sensor nodes that send their sensing information to the cluster head (CH), which can then be forwarded to a high altitude platform (HAP) station. Sensing information can be sent by the sensor nodes at the same time through the same medium, which means collision can occur. When this happens, the sensor node must re-send the sensing information, which causes energy wastage in the WSN. In this paper, we propose a Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol to control access from several sensor nodes during data transmission to avoid collision. The sensor nodes send Round Robin, Interrupt and Query data every eight hours. The initial slot for transmission of the Round Robin data can be either randomized or reserved. Analysis performance was done to see the efficiency of the network with the proposed MAC protocol. Based on the series of simulations that was conducted, the proposed MAC protocol can support a WSN system-based HAP for monitoring every eight  hours. The proposed MAC protocol with an initial slot that is reserved for transmission of Round Robin data has greater network efficiency than a randomized slot.
Analisis Kualitas Pembelajaran Dan Hasil Belajar Fisika
Authors: Telaumbanua Desman
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kualitas pembelajaran an hasil belajar siswa pada proses pembelajaran fisika di SMA Swasta BNKP Gunungsitoli Kelas X Semester Ganjil Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021 . Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling yaitu seluruh siswa kelas X SMA Swasta Kristen BNKP Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 20 orang. Instrumen pengambilan data kualitas pembelajaran dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket berstruktur tertutup dan dianalisis dengan menghitung persentase sebagai ukuran tingkat kualitas pembelajaran yang terjadi. Sedangkan instrumen pengambilan data hasil belajar fisika menggunakan instrumen dokumenter berupa Daftar Kumpulan Nilai (DKN) fisika semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Dari hasil pengolahan data diperoleh hasil bahwa secara umum tingkat kualitas pembelajaran fisika di kelas X SMA Swasta Kristen BNKP Gunungsitoli adalah termasuk kategori sedang dengan persentase 72,4%. Dan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada pelajaran fisika berdasarkan hasil ujian semester mencapai 78,4 atau kategori Baik. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas pembelajaran dan hasil belajar fisika di kelas X SMA Swasta BNKP Gunungsitoli semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2020/2021adalah kategori baik atau memuaskan.
A Comparative Study of Employees Motivation in Public and Private Hospitals of NCR
Authors: Rani Ms. Laxmi , Gupta Ms. Jaya
Published: September 2022

The propelling force that encourages someone to act and maintain their conduct is called motivation. At first, people believed that finance was the only elementthat could inspire workers, but there are actually a variety of other considerations as well. Individual preferences for these elements may differ. While some people choose non-financial factors, others favour financial factors. The current study is sought to discover the preferences of the elements influencing the overall motivation of personnel working in both commercial and public hospitals. For this study, a questionnaire was used to perform the investigation. There were two sections to the questionnaire: Part (A) and Part (B). Ten components of motivation served as foundation for the questionnaire, and participants were asked to rate these criteria in order of significance. The goal of the study was to determine the motivating preferences of staff members working in publicand private hospitals. With the use of LR, the motivating variables were determined. Managers and other policy makers should be able to use the study to build employee incentive policies.
Ljubljana as a site of paying Hereditary Homage to Emperor Charles VI in 1728
Authors: Kočevar Vanja
Published: September 2022

The article discusses the staging of sovereign power of Emperor Charles VI in Ljubljana’s public spaces during the act of Hereditary Homage (Erbhuldigung) by the Estates of Carniola. To honour the arrival of the distinguished guest, who stayed in the Carniolan capital between 26 and 30 August, and again between 20 and 22 September 1728, the city authorities erected several (ephemeral) architectural artworks, such as two arches of triumph, one in front of the Vidame Gate and the other on the façade of the Town Hall. Whereas the former arch, for which Francesco Robba contributed a marble bust of the Emperor, was of permanent nature and graced the city gate until its demolition in 1791, the latter arch was an ephemeral artwork in front of the Town Hall, although a few of its sculptures have nevertheless been preserved to date. The Estates of Carniola also built a splendidly adorned “peota” boat, aboard which Charles VI left Ljubljana after the Hereditary Homage and then returned in September on his way to Graz.
Effect of endometrial cell-conditioned medium and platelet-rich plasma on the developmental competence of mouse preantral follicles: An in vitro study
Authors: Taghizabet Neda , Bahmanpour Soghra , Zarei-fard Nehleh , Mohseni Gholamreza , Aliakbari Fereshteh , Dehghani Farzaneh
Published: September 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impacts of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and conditioned medium (CM) derived from endometrial stromal cells on mouse preantral follicle culture in a two-dimensional system to produce competent mature oocytes for fertilization.Methods: In total, 240 preantral follicles were isolated from female mouse ovarian tissue and divided into four groups. The preantral follicles were isolated three times for each group and then cultured, respectively, in the presence of alpha minimum essential medium (control), PRP, CM, and PRP+CM. The in vitro growth, in vitro maturation, and cleavage percentage of the preantral follicles were investigated. Immunocytochemistry (IHC) was also conducted to monitor the meiotic progression of the oocytes. Additionally, the mRNA expression levels of the two folliculogenesis-related genes (Gdf9 and Bmp15) and two apoptosis-related genes (Bcl2 and Bax) were investigated using real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: In the PRP, CM, and PRP+CM groups, the preantral follicle maturation (evaluated by identifying polar bodies) were greater than the control group. The cleavage rate in the CM, and PRP+CM groups were also greater than the control group. IHC analysis demonstrated that in each treatment group, meiotic spindle was normal. In the PRP+CM group, the gene expression levels of Bmp15, Gdf9, and Bcl2 were greater than in the other groups. The Bax gene was more strongly expressed in the PRP and control groups than in the other groups.Conclusion: Overall, the present study suggests that the combination of CM and PRP can effectively increase the growth and cleavage rate of mouse preantral follicles in vitro.
SoK: Privacy-enhancing Smart Home Hubs
Authors: Zavalyshyn Igor , Legay Axel , Rath Annanda , Rivière Etienne
Published: August 2022

Smart homes are IoT systems enabling the automation of household operation. The unrestricted collection and processing of data by smart home systems raises legitimate privacy concerns for their users. Over the past decade, there has been significant interest in privacy-enhancing technologies applied at the level of a local smart hub physically located in the home and acting as a gateway between sensors, applications, platform providers, and services in the cloud. The number and variety of projects and research proposals can, however, make their comparison a daunting and unnecessarily complex task. We systematize existing knowledge in this field through the analysis and categorization of 10 industrial and community-contributed systems and 37 research proposals from the literature of the past 11 years. Our results shed light on the diversity of system and trust models considered in the state-of-the-art and on the associated privacy-enhancing technologies. We further identify open research problems and promising approaches that would benefit the smart home hub model and the protection of smart home users’ privacy.
Analyzing the Monetization Ecosystem of Stalkerware
Authors: Gibson Cassidy , Frost Vanessa , Platt Katie , Garcia Washington , Vargas Luis , Rampazzi Sara , Bindschaedler Vincent , Traynor Patrick , Butler Kevin
Published: August 2022

Stalkerware is a form of malware that allows for the abusive monitoring of intimate partners. Primarily deployed on information-rich mobile platforms, these malicious applications allow for collecting information about a victim’s actions and behaviors, including location data, call audio, text messages, photos, and other personal details. While stalkerware has received increased attention from the security community, the ways in which stalkerware authors monetize their efforts have not been explored in depth. This paper represents the first large-scale technical analysis of monetization within the stalkerware ecosystem. We analyze the code base of 6,432 applications collected by the Coalition Against Stalkerware to determine their monetization strategies. We find that while far fewer stalkerware apps use ad libraries than normal apps, 99% of those that do use Google AdMob. We also find that payment services range from traditional in-app billing to cryptocurrency. Finally, we demonstrate that Google’s recent change to their Terms of Service (ToS) did not eliminate these applications, but instead caused a shift to other payment processors, while the apps can still be found on the Play Store; we verify through emulation that these apps often operate in blatant contravention of the ToS. Through this analysis, we find that the heterogeneity of markets and payment processors means that while point solutions can have impact on monetization, a multi-pronged solution involving multiple stakeholders is necessary to mitigate the financial incentive for developing stalkerware.
Hidden Issuer Anonymous Credential
Authors: Bosk Daniel , Frey Davide , Gestin Mathieu , Piolle Guillaume
Published: August 2022

Identity Management Systems (IMS) allow users to prove characteristics about themselves to multiple service providers. IMS evolved from impractical, site-by-site authentication, to versatile, privacyenhancing Self Sovereign Identity (SSI) Frameworks. SSI frameworks often use Anonymous Credential schemes to provide user privacy, and more precisely unlinkability between uses of these credentials. However, these schemes imply the disclosure of the identity of the Issuer of a given credential to any service provider. This can lead to information leaks. We deal with this problem by introducing a new Anonymous Credential scheme that allows a user to hide the Issuer of a credential, while being able to convince the service providers that they can trust the credential, in the absence of a trusted setup. We prove this new scheme secure under the Computational Diffie Hellman assumption, and Decisional Diffie Hellman assumption, in the Random Oracle Model. We show that this scheme is efficient enough to be used with laptops, and to be integrated into SSI frameworks or any other IMS.
A Review, Phyto-Electricity: Generation Of Electricity From (Solanum Tuberosum)
Authors: Adigbo Samuel , D.A Ajadi  , O. Akinrinola  , G.A Isola
Published: August 2022

Electrical energy is possibly the most adaptable form of energy in modern economies, and it is thus inextricably related to human and economic progress. Its expansion has exceeded that of any other fuel, resulting in ever- increasing market share. This trend is projected to continue in the coming decades, pa rticularly among rural populations in developing nations who are beginning to climb t he "energy ladder" and get connected to power grids. As a result, electricity merits sp ecial attention in terms of its contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions, as evid enced by the continued development of low-carbon power generation technology. Phyto-electricity is the process of generating or getting energy from green plants by using them as an electrolyte and inserting different metal plates in them to act as electrode in other to tap into the energy embedded in them and converting them to useful electric energy. Nowadays generating electricity from green plant has become very popular, but phyto-electric power generation has not been able to supply substantial energy to humans and this is due to the low electron in the plants used to generate electricity. In past research people have used trees to generate electricity. The phyto-electric power system works on same principle as the battery. In this design potato will be used as a source of power or as the green plant the battery which is filled with electrolytes, the more the electrolyte the higher the voltage that is readily available to be used, in other to be able to savor the power from the potato two dissimilar metals was used and the metals used were iron and zinc. After completing all of the paper design and analysis, the project was implemented, b uilt, and tested to guarantee that it functioned properly. Electricity was generated and it was used to power a LED, the total resistance of the wire is 1Ω, there is also voltage loss across each node. This project was a success, but more research still needs to be done. And this project is a prove that energy are available in our surroundings, they are just needed to be investigated and further researched and there are more areas of energy and technology development that are yet to be addressed that are various problems faced by man in his day to day activities
The Characterization of Nanomaterias Using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Environmental Applications
Authors: OWOLABI DR JOSEPH
Published: August 2022

Nano materials are classes of substances that have structural components smaller than 100nm and this includes nanoparticles with at least 2-D between 1 and 100nm in the Nano scale. Nano materials have small size which having at least 1-D 100nm or less. It can be Nano scale in 1-D, 2-D, or 3-D and exist in single, fused, aggregated forms with spherical, tubular and irregular shape. The samples of Nano materials were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy to provide images of Nano particles and their agglomerates in sufficient resolution that gives images of Nano materials with clearly identifiable particles.  Nano materials have significant commercial impacts that can be increased in the future. Nano materials have good potential for developing the ways in which materials are generated that, the range and nature of functionalities can be accessed. Applications of Nano materials in the environment are different from one another depending on the type of devices used such as nanotechnologies in coatings for exterior surfaces, solar cells for renewable energy and de-colorization of dyes by the effect of Nano composites, medicine, textile, household, construction, chemical, automotive, electronics and engineering industries.
Emerging Cyber Security India’s Concern and Threats
Authors: Shairgojri Aadil Ahmad , Dar Showkat Ahmad
Published: August 2022

Cybersecurity has developed into a challenging and constantly changing security issue in today's information, communication, and technology-driven world (ICT). Cyberattacks are expected to grow more widespread as the global economy and infrastructure become more dependent on information and communications technology (ICT). As a result of a growing reliance on computers and the Internet, there has been an increase in cyber attacks globally. The main targets of these attacks have all been people, organisations, and governments. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are increasingly viewed by some countries as a battlefield where strategic warfare should be fought, even as a strategic asset to be leveraged for national security. This is essential because the national security is at risk. The significance of cybersecurity in the ongoing discussion about security concerns is examined in this essay. The authors examines cybersecurity from the viewpoint of India in order to gain a better knowledge of it.
Quantitative Study of Magnetic, Physical Properties And Microstructural Composition of Tungsten Carbide
Authors: Owolavi Joeseph
Published: August 2022

Tungsten Carbide is a hard and dense material with very high rigidity. The density is about 15.0g/cm3 with thermal conductivity of 110w/moc and coefficient of thermal expansion of 6.2µm-1K-1. The melting and decomposition point is about 2,560oc and boiling point of 6,200oc. It is hardness varies with WC grain size and co content. The poisson’s ratio is 0.31 and the compressive strength at 20oc is about 6200N/mm2 with young’s modulus ranging from 400 to 630 GPa. Tungsten Carbide is slightly magnetic and as an alloy, the magnetic property depends upon either mixed with cobalt or nicked. It is combination with other metals as an alloy make it so strong and durable as well as shiny and expensive looking. Tungsten Carbide is prepared by heating powered Tungsten with carbon black in the presence of hydrogen at 1600oc (2,900oF). Tungsten Carbide is an important material for metal machining, rock drilling, coal cutting, metal mixing and oil drilling due to an excellent combination of hardners, strength, wear resistance and fracture toughness.
STIMULUS PENINGKATAN BERAT BADAN BALITA DENGAN PEMIJATAN DAN PEMBERIAN MUFFIN PISANG
Authors: Puspitasari Lina , Ernawati Ernawati
Published: August 2022

The background of the research is that growth and development at the age of toddlers is a very important component. Considering that this is a factor supporting intelligence when entering adulthood. Weight gain is a problem that is often faced by society. Massage techniques and feeding banana muffins are an innovation that can be applied by most parents independently. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of massage and banana muffins on the increase in toddler weight. The research method uses an experimental one group pretest posttest design. The result of the study was a greater calculated t value t table, namely (5,002 lebih dari 2,045) which means that there are benefits of toddler body massage and banana muffins to help increase toddler weight.
MANFAAT PENGUATAN OTOT TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS DAN ROLLING RUG MASSAGE TERHADAP PERCEPATAN PENGELUARAN LOCHEA PADA IBU NIFAS
Authors: Dewi Cita Arunika , Intarti Wiwit Desi
Published: August 2022

Complications during pregnancy until delivery have an impact during the puerperium such as bleeding, uterine subinvolution, infection, and other complications. Adequate uterine contractions then the involution process is good and vice versa so that subinvolution occurs. During the puerperium there is a process of releasing lochea, the process of releasing lochea. The aim of the study was to determine the benefits of strengthening the transversus abdominis muscle and rollin rug massage on the acceleration of lochea expenditure in postpartum women. The research design used is a qualitative research with a case study research strategy. A sample of 3 respondents, research data was taken by using observation techniques, in-depth interviews and direct observation. After tabulating the existing data were analyzed using domain analysis. The results of this study indicate the acceleration of lochea expenditure by strengthening the transversus abdominis muscle and rolling rug massage. So it can be concluded that there are benefits of strengthening the transversus abdominis muscle and rollin rug massage to accelerate the release of lochea in postpartum women
Development Of E-Module On Regulary System Material For Class XI High School
Authors: Ananda Cherly Novika , Yanti Febri , Hidayat Yosmed
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this research is to produce an e-module product that is feasible and valid as an alternative teaching material for students. This study uses the 4D development method which consists of 4 stages, namely define, design, develop, and dessiminate. The findings of this study are succeeded in developing an e-module on material system regulation for class XI SMA. Based on the results of the validation questionnaire that has been carried out with Lecturers and Teachers, the average score is 90.1% with very valid criteria. Thus, the developed e-module is said to be valid for use by students.
The Accounting Regulations for The Non-Profit: A Comparative Study Between Egypt and UK
Authors: M. Albaz Maged , M. Melegy Magdy , M. Abu-Sheashea Ahmed , Z. Metwaly Ahmed
Published: August 2022

The researchers have shed the light on the specific nature of NPOs by reviewing two models, the CAs in the Arab republic of Egypt and charities in the United Kingdom from legislative side and determine the most important organizational and financial aspects. And The Researchers found a rapprochement between the concept, characteristics and activities nature of both the CAs and charities, but the United Kingdom is more significantly regulated than Egypt in the legislative and accounting regulation, so the researcher will address in the next section the problems and challenges facing the NPS at the international level with a focus on the Egyptian CAs. Keywords: Accounting Regulations/ NPOs / CAs/ Disclosure.
Impact of International Trade On Economic Growth: The Granger Causality Test Approach
Authors: Magaji Sule , Mohammed Abubakar Mansur , Abdullahi Temitope Yusuf
Published: August 2022

The study analyzes the impact of international trade on economic growth in Nigeria. The study’s specific objectives were used to achieve this, which is to investigate the impact of Nigeria’s trade openness on the country’s economic growth; to examine the extent to which trade balance has an impact on economic growth; and to find out how exchange rate affects economic growth. The time series data used for this study was sourced from CBN 2021. Using Granger Causality test it indicates that trade balance does not Granger cause real gross domestic product at 5% level of significance. It also indicates that the degree of trade openness does not Granger cause real gross domestic product at 5% level of significance. The regression result shows that trade is not statistically significant to economic growth. Also, the result shows that trade openness is not statistically significant to economic growth. It is recommended that there is need for effective foreign exchange management capable of ensuring optimal productivity in the critical sectors of the economy. This can be achieved by diversification of the economy away from oil with a view to expanding export of non-oil goods and services to strengthen naira exchange rate under the managed float regime. Keywords: International Trade, Economic growth, Trade openness, Granger Causality test, Foreign exchange, Economic diversification
Software Architecture for the Real Time Scheduling of Workflow Management Systems based on a Petri net model
Authors: Oliveira Fernanda Francielle de , Julia Stéphane
Published: September 2022

In this paper, an approach is proposed to solve the scheduling problem of Workflow Management Systems. The proposed approach uses an activity diagram to show the main activities and the different routings of the Workflow Process. Based on the obtained activity diagram, the corresponding p-time Petri net model is produced. Hybrid resource allocation mechanisms are modelled by an hybrid Petri net in order to represent discrete and continuous resources. Then, a token player algorithm is applied to an example of “Handle Complaint Process” in order to obtain an acceptable scenario corresponding to a specific sequence of activities which respects the time constraints. Finally, a software architecture is proposed for the real time scheduling of Workflow Management Systems.
Flexible Software Development based on Business Rules
Authors: Kamada Aqueo , Mendes Manuel
Published: September 2022

In the current enterprise systems, with the relationships between people and organizations based on computational applications through the Web, the need of changes in these applications happens in periods shorter and shorter. In this context, this paper proposes a model that can capture business changes and quickly implement them into computational systems. The model includes an approach for fast development of services considering that the volatile portions of business logic can be externalized as business rules and the stable portions as Web Services. It is presented a business rules and ontology integrated development environment (IDE) as part of this model, where business rules’ facts and conditions are linked to Web services.
Um Serviço de Repositório Compartilhado e Distribuído para Suporte ao Desenvolvimento Baseado em Componentes
Authors: Oliveira João Paulo F. de , Brito Talles , Rabelo Jr Sebastião , Elias Glêdson
Published: September 2022

Diversos repositórios de componentes têm sido propostos com o objetivo de potencializar o reuso de software. No entanto, as propostas atuais ainda adotam abordagens locais e centralizadas, que inibem o reuso em larga escala. Neste contexto, este artigo apresenta um serviço de repositório compartilhado e distribuído, que integra facilidades de controle de acesso, controle de versão e gerência de métricas de reuso. Como inovação, o repositório proposto pode ser explorado em abordagens de desenvolvimento distribuído, nas quais equipes remotas compartilham artefatos de software.
Utilizando Reconfiguração Dinâmica e Notificação de Contextos para o Desenvolvimento de Software Ubíquo
Authors: Rocha Lincoln S. , Castro Carlos E. Pontual de L. , Machado Javam C. , Andrade Rossana M. C.
Published: September 2022

A computação ubíqua tem se mostrado um paradigma computacional de grande abrangência, com aplicabilidades que se estendem de soluções para um cidadão comum até o tratamento de informações complexas em ambientes hospitalares. Entretanto, possíveis variações de recursos, sensibilidade ao contexto e adaptação são desafios a serem vencidos neste ambiente de alta mobilidade e heterogeneidade. O objetivo deste artigo é utilizar mecanismos de reconfiguração dinâmica e notificação de contexto para facilitar o desenvolvimento de aplicações móveis e ubíquas sensíveis ao contexto. Para isso, um middleware adaptativo, denominado AdaptativeRME, é implementado provendo esses mecanismos.
Composição dinâmica de Web-Services
Authors: Pinto Sérgio Crespo C. S. , Martins Rogério Samuel M. , Barbosa Jorge L. V. , Gluz João
Published: September 2022

As invocações a serviços disponíveis na internet são construídas de forma estática, sempre referenciando o mesmo web service e o mesmo web method. Quando este serviço apresentar baixa disponibilidade o desempenho da aplicação será reduzido. Para evitar este problema é necessário que a aplicação tenha a habilidade de identificar o melhor serviço disponibilizado e então possa invocá-lo. A inserção de novos protocolos e novas funcionalidades na arquitetura de web services pode permitir que as aplicações encontrem serviços disponíveis na internet e, além disso, possam medir a qualidade do serviço e assim direcionar sua chamada para o melhor serviço.
Incorporação de Certificados SPKI/SDSI ao Protocolo SSL
Authors: Souza Cristian Ferreira de , Mattos Luiz Antônio da Frota
Published: September 2022

Desde 1978 quando Kohnfelder introduziu o conceito de certificados digitais criou-se a falsa idéia de que a única função dos certificados digitais é a de associar um nome a uma chave pública, como ocorre nos certificados X.509. Rivest, Lampson e Carl Ellisson propõem uma nova infra-estrutura de chave pública  SPKI/SDSI (Simple Public Key Infrastructure/Simple Distributed Security Infrastructure), onde é introduzido o conceito de certificados de autorização, espaço local de nomes e abolido o papel da Autoridade Certificadora (CA). Discutiremos a respeito da teoria presente nos certificados SPKI/SDSI e analisaremos as possíveis modificações a serem feitas no protocolo SSL a fim de que suporte a incorporação destes certificados.
Segurança em Aplicações Baseadas em Agentes Móveis
Authors: Pereira Filho Stênio Firmino , Ambrósio Daniel Rodrigues , Moreira Edson dos Santos , Bernardes Mauro César
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho apresenta uma discussão sobre segurança em aplicações que implementam a mobilidade de código através da tecnologia de agentes móveis. Considerando-se que em diversas situações esta tecnologia apresenta significantes vantagens em termos de delegação de tarefas, mobilidade, overhead, escalabilidade, flexibilidade e tolerância a falhas, existe atualmente diversas propostas para sua aplicação em comércio eletrônico. Uma vez que essas aplicações necessitam de um ambiente de agência instalada em cada máquina que receberá os agentes móveis provenientes de localidades diversas, elas podem ser responsáveis por graves problemas de segurança. Dessa forma, a questão da segurança relacionada aos ambientes de agência e, em especial, aos agentes móveis é de suma importância e deve ser levada em consideração no desenvolvimento de aplicações que utilizem dessa tecnologia.
Autorização e controle de acesso para o prontuário eletrônico do paciente em ambientes abertos e distribuídos: uma proposta de modelo e arquitetura
Authors: Motta Gustavo H. M. B. , Furuie Sérgio S. , Nardon Fabiane B. , Gutierrez Marco A. , Yamaguti Marcos
Published: September 2022

A perspectiva do aumento do uso de Sistemas de Informações Hospitalares em aplicações distribuídas de telemedicina a curto e médio prazos, com o Prontuário Eletrônico do Paciente (PEP) disponível a um grande número de instituições e pessoas, suscita preocupações acerca do acesso às informações clínicas. O problema é que o controle de acesso ao PEP, em nenhuma circunstância, deve prejudicar o atendimento ao paciente por negar acesso legítimo às informações e aos serviços requisitados pelo pessoal médico. Outra questão refere-se a como administrar uma política de autorização e impor o controle de acesso ao PEP, visto que este é composto por segmentos que estão distribuídos em bases de dados distintas, acessadas por aplicações diversas, em plataformas heterogêneas. Este trabalho apresenta um modelo de autorização adequado para as exigências de controle de acesso ao prontuário eletrônico, capaz de assegurar a privacidade do paciente e a segurança de acesso aos seus dados, mas flexível o suficiente para conceder o acesso em situações excepcionais. Propõem ainda a implementação deste modelo de autorização e controle de acesso numa arquitetura baseada em padrões abertos e distribuída, capaz de ser acessada pelos diversos segmentos em que o PEP se distribui, mas com uma administração unificada para política de autorização e controle de acesso.
Um Protocolo Criptográfico para Comunicação Anônima Segura em Grupo
Authors: Ribeiro Paulo Sérgio , Custódio Ricardo Felipe
Published: September 2022

A criptografia simétrica provê alguma autenticação, porém o receptor não tem como provar a um terceiro que esta mensagem é autêntica. Propõe-se um protocolo criptográfico que faz uso de criptografia de chaves públicas ao invés de chaves simétricas capaz de unir a confiabilidade oferecida pela assinatura digital com a segurança oferecida pelo anonimato.
E-Sentry+: Um IDS Baseado em Rede com Suporte à Especificação em Alto Nível de Assinaturas de Ataque
Authors: Konrath Marlom Alves , Sberb Josué , Isaia Filho Eduardo , Gaspary Luciano Paschoal , Tarouco Liane
Published: September 2022

O aumento da utilização das redes de computadores e o crescimento dos serviços por elas suportados têm causado um aumento no número de incidentes de segurança. Os sistemas de detecção de intrusão (IDS) têm sido usados, nesse contexto, para identificar atividades maliciosas como sondagens e ataques. No caso dos IDSs baseados em assinatura, é preciso descrever essas atividades para que eles sejam capazes de monitorar a sua ocorrência. A maioria dos sistemas, no entanto, não oferece flexibilidade a esse processo de especificação, além de exigir a utilização de notações em baixo nível. Esse trabalho apresenta um sistema de detecção de intrusão, o E-Sentry+, que aborda esse problema ao explorar uma linguagem em alto nível para a representação de assinaturas.
Um Modelo de Controle de Acesso para Conteúdos Digitais
Authors: Rosset Valerio , Westphall Carla Merkle
Published: September 2022

Atualmente um crescente volume de informações estão sendo disponibilizadas na web através do uso do XML (eXtensible Markup Language). Essas informações podem ser, por exemplo, corporativas ou referentes a B2B (business-to-business), impondo a necessidade de fornecer a segurança no ambiente. Este trabalho apresenta um modelo para controlar o acesso a documentos XML, descrevendo os sujeitos, objetos e as regras de autorização. O protótipo implementado valida o modelo e provê controle de acesso para aplicações web.
Autenticação em HTTP Baseada em Desafio-Resposta
Authors: Devegili Augusto Jun , Parente Ronaldo Vasconcelos
Published: September 2022

Nós descrevemos a implementação de um protocolo desafio-resposta para uso em servidores e navegadores Web que prescinde do modo de autenticação em resumo padronizado pelo HTTP. Esta implementação utiliza primitivas (números pseudo-randômicos, funções resumo) facilmente implementáveis em servidores Web e permite a um desenvolvedor de aplicações Web manter sua própria base de informações de autenticação.
Implementação de um ponto de acesso para redes 802.11b baseado no OpenBSD
Authors: Carrión Demetrio S. D. , Moraes Luís Felipe M. de
Published: September 2022

A segurança de redes locais sem fio representa um novo desafio para segurança da informação. As falhas encontradas no WEP, o protocolo de segurança utilizado por redes 802.11b, mobilizaram a comunidade acadêmica e a indústria na procura de soluções de segurança. Este artigo descreve o desenvolvimento e implementação de um ponto de acesso baseado no sistema operacional OpenBSD em conjunto com diversos outros softwares de código aberto, assim como na construção de uma infraestrutura que suporte a implementação segura de uma rede local baseada no padrão 802.11b.
Security Applications for Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Vieira Antônio Carlos Castañon , Salomão Sergio Luiz Cardoso , Pedrosa Aloysio de Castro Pinto , Mesquita Filho Antônio Carneiro de
Published: September 2022

Nowadays, data security is an important issue in telecommunication network to be considered in its implementation and operation, mainly in wireless network without infrastructure as the Ad Hoc networks. This paper presents the Godzuk symmetric cryptographic algorithm, as a possible standard for this kind of mobile communication.
MV6 – Um Mecanismo de Transição Baseado em Máquinas Virtuais
Authors: Castro Arthur Bispo de , Santos Cleymone Ribeiro dos , Geus Paulo Lício de
Published: September 2022

O IETF desenvolveu ferramentas e mecanismos, que permitem a redes e máquinas IPv4 migrarem suavemente para IPv6 assim como permitem a interoperabilidade entre os dois protocolos. Entretanto, os vários mecanismos definidos tem desvantagens que não os recomendam em alguns cenários. Desta forma, propõe-se a utilização de um novo mecanismo de transição baseado em máquinas virtuais, chamado MV6. MV6 apresenta características de proteção aos recursos do sistema, já que fornece um nível robusto de segurança, e de permissão do desenvolvimento de sistemas sem atrapalhar as operações normais.
P2P-Role: Uma Arquitetura de Controle de Acesso Baseada em Papéis para Sistemas Colaborativos Peer-to-Peer
Authors: Righi Rafael da Rosa , Pellissari Felipe Rolim , Westphall Carla Merkle
Published: September 2022

Os sistemas colaborativos Peer-to-Peer apresentam uma forma de computação distribuída onde cada participante atua como cliente e servidor de recursos. A descoberta e representação desses recursos, juntamente com a sua proteção, são os principais desafios que envolvem esse tipo de computação. Este artigo define uma arquitetura de controle de acesso baseada em papéis específica para as redes Peer-to-Peer e busca, assim, contribuir para a escrita de aplicações colaborativas mais robustas. O protótipo implementado valida o modelo e provê meios para que cada nó da rede Peer-to-Peer gerencie a política de segurança dos seus recursos.
Módulo Cifrador de Documentos Eletrônicos
Authors: Custódio Ricardo Felipe , Dias Júlio da Silva , Pereira Fernando Carlos , Notoya Adriana Elissa
Published: September 2022

O sigilo de documentos eletrônicos é essencial em aplicações que envolvem informações críticas, como no comércio eletrônico e aplicações bancárias. Entretanto, as soluções existentes para prover o sigilo ainda não são satisfatórias, devido ao alto custo de suas implementações e por atender o sigilo sob uma ótica restrita. Este trabalho apresenta um levantamento de requisitos necessários ao sigilo de documentos eletrônicos e propõe a implementação de um Módulo Cifrador que visa disponibilizar um método com custo acessível e abranger todos os requisitos estabelecidos, ainda não contemplados nas propostas existentes.
Gerenciamento Baseado em Modelos da Configuração de Sistemas de Segurança em Redes de Larga Escala
Authors: Albuquerque João Porto de , Isenberg Holger , Krumm Heiko , Geus Paulo Lício de
Published: September 2022

Os mecanismos de segurança empregados em ambientes de redes atuais são de crescente complexidade e o gerenciamento de suas configurações adquire, portanto, um papel fundamental para proteção desses ambientes. Particularmente em redes de computadores de larga escala, os administradores de segurança vêem-se confrontados com o desafio de projetar, implementar, manter e monitorar um elevado número de mecanismos, os quais em sua maioria possuem sintaxes de configuração heterogênea e complicada. Uma conseqüência dessa situação é que erros de configuração são causas freqüentes de vulnerabilidades de segurança. O presente trabalho oferece uma sistemática para o gerenciamento da configuração de sistemas de segurança de redes, construída sobre a abordagem de gerenciamento baseado em modelos. Apresentamos aqui uma técnica de modelagem que trata uniformemente diferentes tipos de mecanismos e é apoiada por um editor gráfico para o projeto do sistema. O editor incorpora conceitos de foco e contexto para facilitar a visualização e navegação de grandes modelos.
Aplicação do Modelo UCONABC em Sistemas de Comércio Eletrônico B2B
Authors: Camy Alexandre Rosa , Westphall Carla Merkle , Righi Rafael da Rosa
Published: September 2022

Os sistemas de Comércio Eletrônico (CE) Business-to-Business (B2B) são utilizados para a administração de negócios entre diferentes empresas.Estes sistemas necessitam de uma forma diferenciada de tratar o controle de acesso quando interagem entre si. Pesquisas nesta área vêm evoluindo de maneira significativa. O modelo UCONABC foi proposto recentemente abrangendo novos conceitos.A aplicação deste modelo em sistemas de CE B2B é um aspecto que é investigado nesse artigo. Este artigo propõe uma forma de aplicação do UCONABC que atenda as necessidades específicas de sistemas de CE B2B que interagem entre si, apresentando uma solução para tratar o controle de acesso e o gerenciamento de permissões.
Segurança Multilateral e RBAC para Gerência de Contabilidade em Sistema Distribuídos
Authors: Alvarez Luis Marco Cáceres , Westphall Carlos Becker , Westphall Carla Merkle
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho de pesquisa tem como objetivo propor um modelo que permita responder as questões de segurança em um ambiente de Sistemas Distribuídos. Este modelo de segurança está principalmente relacionado com o gerenciamento de contabilidade em tempo real para múltiplos usuários e múltiplos provedores, onde os aspectos de segurança estão relacionados às políticas e mecanismos propostos pelos modelos de Segurança Multilateral e RBAC (Role-Based Access Control). O modelo foi validado através do uso da técnica de descrição formal LOTOS e também pela implementação de um protótipo.
Sistema de Detecção de Backdoors e Canais Dissimulados
Authors: Chaves Carlos Henrique P. C. , Montes Antonio
Published: September 2022

Este artigo apresenta os conceitos de backdoors e canais dissimulados, alguns exemplos de ferramentas disponíveis publicamente e uma metodologia para detectá-los. O sistema de detecção de intrusão apresentado é um sistema híbrido, que utiliza mapas auto-organizáveis como técnica de detecção por anomalia e reconhecimento de padrões como técnica de detecção por abuso. O sistema tem como objetivo contribuir com toda comunidade de administração e segurança de redes, utilizando-se das vantagens das estratégias de detecção.
SecOverlay – Redes Overlay sobre Redes de Sensores Sem Fio para Transmissão Segura de Dados
Authors: Oliveira Leonardo B. , Habib Eduardo , Camara Daniel , Wong Hao Chi , Loureiro Antonio A. F. , Dahab Ricardo
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho avalia o uso de redes overlay (ROs) para segurança em Redes de Sensores Sem Fio (RSSFs). Os resultados preliminares da pesquisa indicam que para ataques comuns como blackhole e selective forwarding as ROs podem prevenir, respectivamente, a perda de 35,9% e 18,6%, das mensagens prioritárias em redes com 5% de nós atacantes.
Using Virtal Machines to increase honeypot security
Authors: Piva Eduardo Fernandes , Geus Paulo Lício de
Published: September 2022

This work in progress discuss how virtual machines can be used to implement a data capture system for a honeynet. The main advantage of this approach is that the data capturing is done outside the honeypot kernel, making it practivally impossible to be detected and disabled by the intruder. By achiving this goal, a honeypot can be deployed in a safer environment, mitigating risks involved when using a honeynet.
The Implementation Mechanisms of the Principle of Gender Equality in the Labour Market in the EU
Authors: Yang Yayun
Published: August 2022

This book shows different mechanisms that can implement the principle of gender equality in the labour market. Chapters 1 to 4 are mainly concerned with the EU and the UK, including ex post legal protection; positive action as public procurement and gender quotas; family-friendly legislation that may promote women to be more active in the labour market; a few digitalised approaches. From a Sino-European perspective, Chapter 5 critically discusses whether some European experiences could be useful and adequate for China. This chapter contains three primary sections: judicial remedies for gender discrimination, the possibility of “buying gender equality”, and work-life balance in the context of “three-child policy”.
Der ungewollte Vertrag im Schadensersatzrecht
Authors: Praßler Robert
Published: August 2022

Bei den Urteilen zur Herstellerhaftung im „Diesel-Abgasskandal“ wurde zur Begründung des Vermögensschadens häufig auf Argumentationsmuster zurückgegriffen, die aus den strafrechtsdogmatischen Fallgruppen des „individuellen Schadenseinschlags“ und des „Gefährdungsschadens“ bekannt sind.

Die Arbeit stellt – über die „Diesel-Fälle“ hinaus – die Vermögensschadensdogmatik des Zivil- und Strafrechts in der Fallgruppe des „Vertragsabschlussschadens“ bzw. „Eingehungsschadens“ umfassend gegenüber. Untersucht wird, ob sich die im Strafrecht beheimaten Fallgruppen auch in die zivilrechtliche Schadensersatzhaftung übertragen lassen und sich womöglich eine einheitliche Handhabung der Problematik in beiden Rechtsbereichen anbietet.
Die Bedeutung der unechten Legal Tech-Sammelklagen für den kollektiven Rechtsschutz
Authors: Engler Katharina
Published: August 2022

Legal tech companies acting as collection agencies have conquered the legal services market in Germany with a new kind of class action. This work takes a comprehensive look at the admissibility of these business models. In addition, it demonstrates their importance for collective redress by comparing them with other instruments available under German law for dealing with scattered and mass damages. The conclusion is that these legal tech class actions currently serve an important function by filling a gap in collective redress. Based on her experience as a judge, the author combines a practical perspective with a scientific approach.