bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ozone Therapy in Periodontics: A Review
Authors: Gupta Aditi , ST Srinivasmurthy , Aghanashini Suchetha , Basavaraj Mundinamane Darshan , Nadiger Sapna , Sokke Mallikarjunappa Apoorva
Published: October 2023

Oral cavity is in dynamic interaction with external environment exposing it to various microorganisms their colonization and the host defense that aimed for their removal. Formation and development of dental biofilm and its potential to harbor specific microorganisms is directly linked with some of the most common oral ailments like dental caries diseases affecting periodontium. The conventional protocol to treat such ailments primarily include removal of biofilm along with adjunctive course of antibiotics. However these modalities have limitations in their efficacy. Ozone is a natural gas present in the earth stratosphere and acts as a potent oxidant. At low doses ozone has several favorable therapeutic applications in medicine as well as in dental pathologies. Particularly ozone as a treatment modality was used for the first time in dentistry in the 1930s when it was proposed as a disinfectant and wound-healing agent. Owing to its strong oxidation property with the formation of free radicals and its capacity to directly destruct almost all microorganisms it is known as a potential antioxidant anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory anti-hypoxic biosynthetic and antimicrobial agent. In addition ozone has a therapeutic effect that promotes wound healing and improves blood supply. Three most common forms in which ozone can be administered for its therapeutic use are gaseous aqueous and oil forms out of which the gaseous application of ozone is critically evaluated because of its possible side effects on the respiratory system. The objective of the current article was to compile and document various application of ozone in the field of periodontology. Research was based on peer-reviewed sources found through MedlinePubMed Google scholar search and other reviews and journals.
Surface Electromyographic Analysis of Masticatory and Neck Muscles in Skeletal Class II Division 1 Malocclusion with EMG Indices - A In Vivo Study
Authors: Iyer Ramana Ramya Shree Narayana , S Raju Aravind , P Reddy Vinay , S Chandrashekar B , C M Mahesh , Ansari Nishan , P Thumati
Published: October 2023

Background amp Objectives To evaluate the activity of oro-facial and neck muscles in skeletal class II division 1 malocclusion with horizontal and vertical growth patterns using surface electromyography.Methods Twenty non-growing patients comprising males and females 18-30 years were selected and grouped into horizontal and vertical growth patterns using lateral cephalograms. sEMG of masseter temporalis sternocleidomastoid and anterior belly of digastric muscles were performed and percentage overlapping coefficient activity Index asymmetry Index and torque Index were recorded.Results The percentage overlapping coefficient was recorded as 112.3 in horizontal and 92.35 in vertical growers. The activity index for horizontal growers was 14.28 microVsec indicating a predominance of the masseter muscle and in vertical growers it was -8.94 microVsec indicating a predominance of anterior temporalis. The asymmetry index for horizontal growers observed was 17.75 microVsec indicating the predominance of rightside muscles and was -10.77 microVsec showing the dominance of left-side muscles in vertical growers. Torque index in horizontal and vertical growth patterns were 24.56 and -43.76 respectively inferring a right-sided mandibular movement in horizontal growers and vice versa. The mean value of sternocleidomastoid muscle observed was 18.74 microVsec in horizontal growers and 14.15 microVsec in vertical growers. The mean values of the anterior belly of digastric muscles were 18.87 microVsec in horizontal growth pattern and 19.57 microVsec in vertical growers.Conclusion There was symmetry between muscles and an increased predominance of the masseter group in horizontal growers while an increased predominance of the temporalis muscle was observed in vertical growers. There was increased activity of right-sided muscles and right-sided mandibular movement in horizontal growers while an increased activity of left-sided muscles and left-sided mandibular movements was noted in vertical growers.
Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Green Tea Herbal Mouth-wash and 0.2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate Mouthwash Against Streptococcus mutans in Dental Plaque - A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: S Kumar Aarcha , C Hiremath Mallayya , Srinath SK , Jayadev Nayak Raja , Yadav Kala , GS Chetana
Published: October 2023

Background and Aim Several chemical agents can alter the profile of oral microflora but can cause undesirable effects on oral tissues. Green tea Camellia sinensis contains adequate amounts of catechins and polyphenol compounds. It has demonstrated antibacterial antioxidant anti-inflammatory antiviral antimutagenic and anticaries properties.The purpose of this clinical trial was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of commercially available 0.5 green tea herbal mouthwash with 0.2 chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash against Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque samples of school children. Methods This clinical trial was conducted including thirty healthy cooperative children who were randomly divided into two groups Group A 0.2 Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash and Group B 0.5 Green tea mouthwash. Baseline and day 15 post-rinse plaque samples were collected. Streptococcus mutans colony counting was done on day zero and on day 15 and the results were compared statistically.Results Within the group paired t-test analysis showed a significant reduction p lt0.05 of Streptococcus mutans counts from baseline to post-rinse in both 0.2 chlorhexidine 1.68plusmn0.63 95 CI -1.45 to 1.77 and green tea 0.5 1.54plusmn0.16 95 CI - 1.37 to 1.69 groups. Between groups independent t-test analysis did not show any significant difference both at baseline and post-rinse p gt0.05.Conclusion Both 0.2 chlorhexidine mouthwash and green tea 0.5 mouthwash were equally efficient in reducing S. mutans counts. However 0.2 Chlorhexidine mouthwash was marginally better. Green tea mouthwash has the advantage of being non-staining having no taste disturbance and having good participant compliance.
Planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales en el municipio de Girardot Cundinamarca para la Urbanización los Prados
Authors: Garzón Suárez Dilan Mateo
Published: October 2023

El recurso hídrico es un insumo fundamental para la existencia de la humanidad considerándola un elemento crucial para el correcto funcionamiento de la sociedad, debido a la contaminación presente en el agua se han evidenciado serias amenazas a sus consumidores ya que el recurso no cuenta con un buen tratamiento, provocando así enfermedades de origen hídrico que podrían llegar muchas veces a generar la muerte. Desde este punto de vista se considera que el agua potable es un derecho humano al cual todos los seres deberían tener acceso a ella. por un lado, se tiene que el 70% de las aguas residuales de la región de Latinoamérica no son tratadas según el Banco mundial, por otro lado, en Colombia el porcentaje de las aguas residuales tratadas es de 52.02 % según datos oficiales de Radio Nacional. Es decir, aún el 47.98% de las aguas residuales son vertidas en aguas superficiales o directamente a fuentes hídricas sin ningún tratamiento. De acuerdo al informe “Estudio Sectorial de los Servicios Públicos Domiciliarios de Acueducto y Alcantarillado”, solo 541 municipios de 1.112 registrados por el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE) cuentan con algún tipo de Planta De Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales. Para mejorar las condiciones de salud es necesario implementar sistemas de saneamiento básico eficientes para el manejo de aguas residuales, es por ello que será necesario seleccionar la tecnología y el tren de tratamiento apropiado para transformar la calidad del agua mediante el uso de una PTAR para la urbanización los Prados en Girardot – Cundinamarca. Para la selección correcta de la tecnología, es importante tener en cuenta la cantidad y la composición de la corriente de residuos, los parámetros técnicos para la captación del recurso contaminado y el tratamiento del mismo, garantizando el cumplimiento del costo – beneficio y entrega de un producto de calidad. La metodologia de investigación se puede catalogar de tipo descriptiva, puesto que incorpora las características del asunto de investigación, para lograr cumplir con los objetivos propuestos. Con enfoque mixto, lo que quiere decir que será cualitativa y cuantitativa, donde se van a cualificar datos obtenido mediante exploración de terreno y se van a cuantificar los cálculos para obtener las medidas apropiadas de los componentes del sistema de saneamiento básico garantizando que cumpla con la normativa, ofreciendo un servicio eficiente para que funcione durante el periodo de diseño propuesto. Además, el proyecto apunta a los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS), establecidos por las naciones unidas, cada objetivo tiene metas específicas que deben alcanzarse, para el caso que compete, el objetivo 3: salud y bienestar, garantizar una vida sana y promover el bienestar para todos en todas las edades y el objetivo 6: agua limpia y saneamiento, garantizar la disponibilidad y la gestión sostenible del agua y el saneamiento para todos.
Implementación de los nodos de una red inalámbrica de sensores aplicada en cultivos de café
Authors: Riaño Sebastián , Barrero Sánchez Faider Humberto
Published: October 2023

Este proyecto aporta en el desarrollo de nodos para una red inalámbrica de sensores (WSN) eficiente en el procesamiento y transmisión de los datos obtenidos por la medición de las variables edafoclimáticas que afectan a una planta de café. La red de sensores se diseñó teniendo en cuenta los factores más relevantes que influyen en la implementación, como la topología del terreno donde se encuentra el cultivo el cual es la finca “La Esperanza” perteneciente a la Universidad de Cundinamarca. Para cumplir el desarrollo de esta propuesta, se seleccionaron dispositivos que cumplen los requisitos de conectividad y eficiencia de procesamiento de la información. Una vez realizadas las pruebas necesarias se pasó a la implementación de los nodos del sistema de monitoreo de variables. Posteriormente se creó un manual para el usuario donde se explica el funcionamiento del sistema para toda la comunidad interesada. El desarrollo de esta red de sensores cumple una función fundamental en el sistema general de monitoreo porque es la estructura mediante la cual se hace la recolección de información de las variables ambientales que afectan directamente al cultivo. Con el desarrollo de este proyecto se espera contribuir de manera positiva a los caficultores para aumentar la calidad del grano de café, optimizando diferentes procesos de monitorización del cultivo que la gran mayoría se hacen de manera manual y menos precisa. En la actualidad se dispone de gran variedad de dispositivos y tecnologías económicas que se pueden emplear para la implementación de sistemas enfocados a la agricultura de precisión.
Proyecto productivo articulador como estrategia de enseñanza-aprendizaje para estudiantes del grado quinto de primaria en la Institución Educativa Bilingüe DXI PHADEN sede El Guabito Resguardo Indígena López Adentro municipio de Caloto Cauca
Authors: Trochez Herrera Fabio
Published: October 2023

El proyecto le apuesta a la pertinencia glocal, realizando acompañamiento a una Institución Educativa de básica primaria en un resguardo indígena del departamento del Cauca, que tiene como iniciativa tomar la producción de pan y constituirlo como proyecto productivo con enfoque articulador, tomando como referencia el modelo pedagógico Interestructurante de la UCEVA, la ruta de emprendimiento de la Corporación Universitaria Comfacauca, El Sistema De Educación Indígena Propio (SEIP), el Proyecto Educativo Comunitario (PEC) de La Institución Educativa Bilingüe DXI PHADEN sede el Guabito Caloto Cauca. Al establecer el dialogo de saberes, se proyectan actividades claras como lo es la definición del proyecto integrador del grado quinto, con el proyecto productivo de pan; cada asignatura aporta a la formación de los estudiantes tanto en los conceptos curriculares, que se entrelazan con la aplicabilidad en los procesos de elaboración del pan. El componente de enseñanza aprendizaje desde ingeniería industrial es fundamental, donde el aprender haciendo y generando estándares claros en su planeación, programación, producción y distribución del producto; es la apuesta de las tres Universidades aliadas en la construcción y puesta en marcha del proyecto productivo.
Análisis de descomposición de los materiales usados en empaques en la cadena de producción del marañón en el departamento del Vichada
Authors: Cruz Perea Tatiana Carolina , Porras Alicia , Marañón Alejandro , Hernández Camilo , Ayala García Camilo , Álvarez Óscar , Porras Juan
Published: October 2023

En el departamento del Vichada se utiliza una gran variedad de empaques durante la producción y procesamiento de marañón. Estos son usualmente de plástico de uno o pocos usos que ocasionan efectos nocivos al ambiente. Además, como residuo de la extracción de la almendra se producen aproximadamente 1000 ton de corazas de marañón cada año. Estas podrían ser un insumo para el desarrollo de nuevos materiales y la fabricación de empaques innovadores gracias a sus propiedades físicas y térmicas. En este trabajo se presenta la descomposición del material de dos empaques utilizados durante la etapa de vivero del marañón: tubetes forestales y bolsas de siembra. A través de la herramienta de Análisis de Descomposición (Teardown Analysis), se evaluaron las propiedades y composición del material de los empaques, teniendo en cuenta factores como su apariencia interna y externa, y características térmicas y químicas. El material de los empaques estudiados fue analizado utilizando Análisis Termogravimétrico (TGA), Calorimetría Diferencial de Barrido (DSC) y Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier (FTIR). Los resultados permitieron identificar que los empaques están fabricados a partir de polipropileno (PP) y polietileno de alta y baja densidad (PEAD y PEBD); de manera que, la transición hacia alternativas con características similares como el ácido poli láctico (PLA), el polihidroxialcanoato (PHA) o la fabricación de empaques hechos completamente de materiales reciclados podría resultar en la reducción del impacto ambiental. Este estudio sirve como base para futuros trabajos enfocados en el desarrollo de empaques a partir de las corazas de marañón, para ser utilizados en la cadena de producción y de procesamiento del marañón en el departamento del Vichada.
Does the Canadian system work for class mobility?
Authors: Paul TE Cusack
Published: October 2023

This paper is a short letter contemplating whether, for all the effort, whether class mobility is possible. Education is the key. It should be accessible to all social classes at the university level especially.
Nonlinear impact of interest rates on price level (smooth transition autoregressive approach)
Authors: Abbas Khodabakhshi  , Baitullah Akbari Moghaddam  , Bijan Bidabad
Published: October 2023

Economic and monetary policy-making shall benefit from the nominal interest rates and inflation causal relationship for macroeconomic issues. In this paper, by expanding Fisher’s Quantity Theory of Money, we investigate this relationship using the “Smooth Transition Autoregressive” approach for Iran's economy.The results show that when the interest rate rises (particularly when it exceeds the threshold), its positive impact on inflation will increase. Moreover, the effect of a low-interest rate increase does not have a severe effect on price change. It is concluded that interest rate is not a good policy instrument for high inflation dampening, and those policies that diminish money circulation velocity might be more effective for general price level control. Macro-economically, the results show that in the long run, interest rate yield that is paid to the factors of production is practically eliminated by reducing the purchasing power of money due to the price increase in the economy.This might be understood as one of the pearls of wisdom that Almighty God has cited in the Holy Qur'an about the prohibition of usury: "God effaces usury"5 means that Almighty God eliminates the effects of the usury yield increment in the economy.Interest rate, Price, Smooth Transfer Autoregressive Model, Quantity Theory of Money, Irving Fisher.
An investigation into the growing importance of user-generated content within the realm of contemporary digital marketing endeavors
Authors: Anupkumar Dhore  , Apurva Khobragade  , Toshik Arun Mowade
Published: October 2023

The performance of athletes is greatly influenced by their diet, as it supplies the essential nutrients and energy needed to sustain their bodies. Meeting the specific nutritional needs of sportspeople is crucial for maintaining their overall physical and mental well-being, as well as supporting their training and competitive objectives. This review paper aims to examine the significance of diet in sports, with a particular focus on the role played by macronutrients, micronutrients, hydration, meal timing, and other relevant factors. By delving into the topic, this research paper investigates the value of a well-balanced diet in sports and its direct impact on athletic performance. Furthermore, it sheds light on the specific types of foods and nutrients that athletes should consume in order to optimize their performance.
Work life balance and staff job satisfaction in Tanzania banking sector: Case of CRDB and NMB Banks in Moshi municipality
Authors: Daniel Mtani Thomson  , Gideon Y. Sikawa
Published: October 2023

Demand for work-life balance remedies for employees in organisations has so far been experiencing exponential growth. This study therefore sought to assess influence of work life balance on staff job satisfaction in Tanzania banking sector with the selected case of CRDB and NMB Banks in Moshi municipality so as to generalize the findings. Specifically, the study sought to determine the influence of flexible work schedules on staff job satisfaction in Tanzania banking sector. The study adopted descriptive survey research design and stratified sampling technique with which the sample of 91 staff was drawn from population. Multiple regression and thematic approaches were used to analyse quantitative and qualitative information gathered from the respondents. The data gathered from the sample was analyzed using SPSS Version 23. The study results indicate that flexible work arrangements strongly influence staff job satisfaction in the banking industry in Tanzania. The study recommends to the banking industry to elevate flexible work arrangements to help staff strike the Work - Life Balance in order to promote staff socio –economic well-being and the overall performance of banks.
e Recruitment and merit employee selection. An HR paradox
Authors: Gideon Yona Sikawa
Published: October 2023

The technological advancement makes it imperative for organisations to run human resources processes online. This paper examines the effectiveness of e recruitment most especially on its appropriateness in selecting the best candidates since the method does not provide the room for personal touch. The study employed cross sectional research design with the target population of 420 HR Officers from the Tanzanian Roads Authority (TANROAD), Tanzania mainland. The researcher used systematic sampling technique to obtain pre-determined 40 sample size. The findings indicate that, many organisations in Tanzania do not use e recruitment due to poor ICT infrastructures, unreliable electricity power, wrong perception of recruiters on e recruitment and some weaknesses associated with e recruitment method. The findings indicated further that, e recruitment compromises objectivity since there are some attributes like emotional intelligence, confidence, body language that cannot be captured when conducting e recruitment. The study recommends the use of e recruitment by the employing organisations since its advantages outweigh the disadvantages. This can be achieved by changing the mindsets of recruiters and investing more in ICT facilities.
Matching Typology of innovations to different emerging business situations
Authors: Okanga Boniface
Published: October 2023

Matching product, process or strategy innovation strategies to the emerging exogenous or endogenous business situations minimises a firm’s vulnerability in the wake of the increasingly more precarious business world. However, it is often the mismatch between such strategies which is often a major hurdle of most of the contemporary businesses. To address such innovation strategy mismatches, it is argued in this conceptual paper that it is not only synchronisation of product innovation with relevant process and strategy innovation strategies that would leverage a firm’s superior market performance, but also matching relevant product, process and strategy innovation strategies to the diagnosed exogenous and endogenous business situations. In exogenous business situations characterised by intense industry rivalries or market saturation, the application of a combination of product and strategy innovation strategies would enable a business avoid vulnerability to the increasing spate of destructive rivalries by creating new products to tape opportunities in new markets and render irrelevant the competition in the existing markets. However, in cases of frequent sporadic destructive competitors’ actions causing proliferation of enormous disruptive innovations, the use of a combination of product, process and strategy innovation strategies would enable a business create superior value offerings in conjunction with gaming-motivated cooperation and strategic alliances with rivals to recreate the existing industry conditions and circumstances to its advantages. That contrasts with the circumstances where a business is experiencing significant shifts in customer tastes and preferences. In such situations, the use of product and strategy innovation strategies would integrate new value offerings in the existing products to reverse the shifts in customer tastes and preferences. However, in endogenous situations, quests for growth would require the use of a combination of product, process and strategy innovation strategies as contrasted with cases of quests for costs’ minimisation where only the use of process and strategy innovation strategies would be required. It also contrasts with differentiation quests where only product and process innovation strategies would be critical for aiding a firm to achieve its business credo.
Reflexiones sobre la Universidad aplicadas a UNIMINUTO
Authors: Juliao Vargas Carlos Germán
Published: October 2023

Este artículo de reflexión quiere revisar, desde una perspectiva indisciplinar, las tres cuestiones propias del quehacer universitario llamadas sus “funciones sustantivas”: los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje (docencia), la producción de conocimientos (investigación) y la relación con la sociedad (proyección social o extensión), las cuales en su conjunto y relación conformarían su función primordial, es decir, la formación. Se realiza desde un lugar y un contexto: la experiencia de treinta años de vida, búsqueda y servicio de la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios – UNIMINUTO. Se concluye a favor, no de un regreso imposible a una edad de oro que, por lo demás, nunca existió, sino de mantener una tensión irreductible y fructífera entre diversos órdenes y estilos de racionalidad en la universidad y en la sociedad.
Foreign Trade of the State of Acre, Brazil, Between 2019 and 2022: An Analysis of Commercial Interactions
Authors: De Souza Ana Carolina Silva , Carvalho Tamara Maria de Souza , De Lima Júnior Francisco Bezerra , Soliani Rodrigo Duarte , Oliveira Pollyana Rufino de Souza , Nora Leonardo Augusto Rodrigues da Silva , Drumond Thais Diniz Reis
Published: October 2023

Purpose: The objective of this study was to analyze import and export operations in the state of Acre between 2019 and 2022, aiming to understand the importance of local foreign trade and its recent advancements.
 
Theoretical framework: The continuous evolution of trade interactions between nations is crucial for economic development, regardless of a country's economic stage, and foreign trade emerges as a fundamental pillar for this growth. However, despite Brazil being one of the largest global economies, its exports still do not reach their full potential, highlighting the importance of studying foreign trade, especially in the context of the state of Acre, due to its strategic location and potential in the Amazon Region.
 
Methodology: This study adopts a descriptive approach and quantitative methodology to meticulously analyze import and export operations in the period from 2019 to 2022, using official data from the Ministry of Development, Industry, Trade, and Services (MDIC), available on the Comex Stat electronic platform.
 
Findings: The analysis recorded a notable increase in exports, mainly to Peru, the United States, and Hong Kong, driven by the growth of exports of wood, nuts, corn, and soybeans, while imports also grew, with China being the main source of imported products. Maritime transport emerged as the predominant mode for both exports and imports, highlighting the importance of the Pacific Highway for the state's commercial transactions.
 
Research, practical & social implications: Future research should investigate how the understanding of the presented data can influence the planning for sustainable economic growth in Acre, as well as its global integration in trade, considering relations with strategically neighboring countries.
 
Originality/value: The results indicate that Acre is strategically expanding its trade based on diversification, integration with key partners, and logistical adaptation, positioning itself for a relevant role in the global scenario and contributing to the development of the Amazon Region.
Research Through Design for Anger Co-Emotion Regulation Learning in Young Children: A Soft Toy Design for Deep Breathing
Authors:   , Iskanderani Aisha
Published: October 2023

For young children to develop emotional competence skills, they need their parents' support. However, techniques to support parents are critiqued for being resource-intensive, time-consuming, and lacking a focus on the home environment. This research aims to design playful interactions to help parents to teach neurotypical children ages 2-3 effective anger regulation strategies.

For this study, following a pragmatic paradigm, a human-centred design methodology was selected to understand the needs of parents and their children. A range of qualitative methods, such as semi-structured interviews, were used to determine how to incorporate play into teaching young children emotion regulation skills. Research through design approach was used to experiment and generate design concepts and to evaluate with focus groups. Parents and experts (including child psychologists and occupational therapists) then tested the prototype through a usability study to validate the anticipated learning through play.

Initial findings indicate that some parents' emotion regulation practises may encourage children to avoid their emotions. The study’s design criteria indicate that playful interaction should adopt a range of techniques, including metaphors, sensory regulation strategies, parent involvement, and physical objects. A scheme to teach young children to identify and manage emotions through playful interactions was therefore designed. This scheme incorporated facial expressions and physiological components, along with age-appropriate metaphors. Five strategies were constructed to help future designers develop playful interactions. The design strategies consider any emotion by looking for ways to express it facially and physically, to include a strategy for regulating the senses, to be broken down into simple steps, and to include sensory inputs that help the child engage in the play.

This study provides a unique and innovative contribution to playful learning, emotion regulation research, and design. It follows recent findings confirming the importance of parent's involvement in their children’s emotion regulation learning. It also identifies key strategies for teaching emotional competence skills. The findings of this study have the potential to inform the design of future educational and playful interactions for emotional competence skills, as well as expand their application in the field of interaction design and children.
Needs Analysis on Robmanjar (Learning Partner Robot) Game Design to Stimulate Early Childhood Literacy
Authors: Sulistyawati Sulistyawati , Astuti Indri , Enawaty Eny
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the learning needs of early childhood by designing the Robmanjar (Learning Partner Robot) game to stimulate the development of basic literacy in children's SPNF SKB Pontianak City Playgroup. The design of the Robmanjar game was prepared based on an analysis of the needs of the children's learning outcomes in the Pontianak City SPNF SKB Play Group in the first quarter of the odd semester of the 2022/2023 school year. The research method used was survey research. The number of respondents consisted of 1 educator, 8 parents of students, and 8 children of the SPNF SKB Playgroup in Pontianak City. Data collection techniques used interviews, observation, and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used was descriptive quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results showed that the average results of the elements of achievement in learning the basics of literacy were still low because the level of achievement of children who developed as expected was still below 50%. The details of the developmental achievements of the elements of the basics of child literacy in the Pontianak City SPNF SKB Play Group were 40.6% of children who had not yet developed; 42.2% of children started to develop; 15.6% of children developed as expected; and 1.6% of children developed very well. For the learning achievement elements of basic literacy to increase, it is necessary to design types of games that can stimulate children's development in the learning achievement elements of basic literacy. The Robmanjar game is expected to stimulate aspects of child development in the Pontianak City SPNF SKB Playgroup in the learning achievement elements of basic literacy.
Cap Go Meh Cultural Tourism as an Effort to Maintain Socio-Cultural Resistance in the Singkawang City
Authors: Kurniawan Lio , Runturambi Arthur Josias Simon , Sunaryo Thomas , Wijaya Nova
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this research was to find out how the Singkawang Cap Go Meh Festival can survive for a long time and what is the role of socio-cultural actors in maintaining Cap Go Meh as a strategy for maintaining social resilience. To achieve this goal, it was determined that the object of research was the Cap Go Meh Cultural Festival while the subject of the research was the figures who play a role in the success of the Cap Go Meh festival and how their respective roles create social and cultural resilience such as the Government and Legislative Parliament of the Singkawang-City, the Head of the Education Office and Culture, Head of Tourism, Youth and Sports Service, Head of the Malay Cultural Customary Council (MABM), Head of the Chinese Cultural Customary Council (MABT), Head of the Dayak Traditional Council (DAD), Head of the Javanese Association, and Cap Go Meh Committee. This study used data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation and data analysis techniques were inductive. The results of this study could be concluded that the Singkawang Cap Go Meh Festival was unique because the Singkawang Cap Goh Mes Cultural Festival involved all ethnicities in Singkawang City, the Chinese ethnic community really defended its culture, the Singkawang Cap Go Meh Festival was proven to be leading tourism because it brings in many foreign tourists, the Singkawang Cap Go Meh Festival was a driving factor for creating socio-cultural resilience. This could be proven by Singkawang City being one of the number one tolerant Cities in Indonesia.
Pengaruh Waktu Tahan Kalsinasi terhadap Komposisi Fasa dan Ukuran Kristalit Serbuk Mg(Ti0,99Sn0,01)O3 Hasil Sintesis dengan Metode Pencampuran Larutan
Authors: Hermadianti Syadza Aisyah , Ermawati Frida Ulfah
Published: October 2023

Abstrak

Pada penelitian ini, serbuk Mg(Ti0,99Sn0,01)O3 (disingkat MTS001) disintesis menggunakan metode pencampuran larutan yang dikalsinasi pada suhu 800 °C. Sintesis serbuk MTS001 dilakukan dengan bahan awal berupa serbuk logam Mg, Ti, dan Sn (Merck) dan HCl 12 M (37 %). Serbuk MTS001 hasil sintesis kemudian dikalsinasi selama 2, 4, dan 6 jam untuk menganalisis pengaruh waktu tahan kalsinasi terhadap %molar, %berat, densitas atom, parameter kisi, volume sel satuan, dan ukuran kristalit. Data struktural menunjukkan bahwa fasa utama adalah MgTiO3 (86,61-92,10 %berat) dan fasa impurity TiO2, diikuti dengan ekstra fasa MgO khususnya pada waktu tahan 4 jam. Data volume sel satuan dan parameter kisi mengalami kenaikan dari waktu tahan 2 jam menuju 4 jam, kemudian menurun pada 6 jam. Kenaikan kedua data tersebut dipengaruhi oleh terbentuknya fasa impurities yang lebih banyak dibandingkan waktu tahan yang lain, yaitu fasa TiO2 dan MgO, sehingga mempengaruhi transformasi pembentukan fasa MgTiO3. Perubahan data tersebut membuktikan bahwa telah terbentuk larutan padat substitusi MTS001. Seiring dengan naiknya waktu tahan kalsinasi 2-6 jam, nilai densitas atom dan ukuran kristalit mengalami kenaikan, sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya pelebaran puncak.

Kata Kunci: serbuk Mg(Ti0,99Sn0,01)O3, komposisi fasa, ukuran kristalit, densitas atom, waktu tahan kalsinasi

Abstract

In this study, Mg(Ti0.99Sn0.01)O3 powders (abbreviated as MTS001) were synthesized using a liquid mixing method calcined at 800 °C. The synthesis of MTS001 powders were carried out with raw materials in the form of Mg, Ti, and Sn metal powders (Merck) and 12 M HCl (37 %). The synthesized MTS001 powders were then calcined for 2, 4, and 6 hours to analyze the effect of calcination holding time on %molar, %weight, atomic density, lattice parameters, unit cell volume, and crystallite size. The structural data showed that the main phase was MgTiO3 (86.61-92.10 wt%) and TiO2 impurity phase, followed by extra MgO phase especially at 4 h holding time. Unit cell volume data and lattice parameters increased from 2 hours to 4 hours, then decreased at 6 hours. The increase of both data is influenced by the formation of of more impurities compared to other holding times, namely the TiO2 and MgO phases, thus affecting the transformation of the formation of the MgTiO3. The change in data proves that the MTS001 substitution solid solution has been formed. Along with the increase in calcination holding time 2-6 hours, the value of atomic density and crystallite size has increased, thus causing peak broadening.

Keywords: Mg(Ti0.99Sn0.01)O3 powders, phase composition, crystallite size, atomic density, holding time calcination
A REVIEW : MODIFIKASI DOPING LiFePO4 SEBAGAI KATODA BATERAI Li-ION
Authors: Hamida Hana Nur , MUNASIR Munasir
Published: October 2023

Dalam situasi krisis energi dan perkembangan pesat peralatan elektronik saat ini, baterai lithium ion telah menjadi fokus penelitian sebagai perangkat penyimpanan energi yang memiliki kepadatan energi tinggi, aman, dan terjangkau. Di antara berbagai jenis baterai lithium ion, LiFePO4 telah menarik perhatian dalam bidang baterai dengan kapasitas besar. Keunggulan LiFePO4 antara lain stabilitas yang baik, biaya yang rendah, serta ramah lingkungan. Namun, karena koefisien difusi ion lithium dan konduktivitasnya yang rendah, hal tersebut membatasi kinerja baterai lithium ion. Dalam artikel ini di review pengaruh dari doping logam dan non logam terhadap performa elektrokimia LiFePO4. Setiap ion yang di doping memiliki efek yang berbeda pada bahan katoda LiFePO4. Dari banyak penelitian menjelaskan bahwa jumlah doping yang tepat dapat meningkatkan kinerja bahan katoda LiFePO4 hingga batas tertentu. Setiap ion doping memiliki keunggulan masing-masing sehingga dapat membuktikan bahwa modifikasi doping telah berhasil membantu menstabilkan struktur kristal LiFePO4, dan meningkatkan stabilitas siklusnya serta meningkatkan laju difusi ion lithium dan meningkatkan konduktivitas antarpartikel dalam LiFePO4.

Kata Kunci: LiFePO4, Doping, Baterai Lithium Ion

Abstract

In the current situation of energy crisis and rapid development of electronic equipment, lithium-ion batteries have become the focus of research as energy storage devices that have high energy density, are safe, and affordable. Among the various types of lithium-ion batteries, LiFePO4 has attracted attention in the field of large capacity batteries. The advantages of LiFePO4 include good stability, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, due to its low lithium-ion diffusion coefficient and conductivity, it limits the performance of lithium-ion batteries. This article reviews the effect of metal and non-metal doping on the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4. Each doped ion has a different effect on the LiFePO4 cathode material. Many studies explain that the right amount of doping can improve the performance of LiFePO4 cathode material to a certain extent. Each doping ion has its own advantages so that it can prove that doping modification has successfully helped stabilize the crystal structure of LiFePO4 and improve its cycle stability as well as increase the diffusion rate of lithium ions and increase the interparticle conductivity in LiFePO4.

 Keywords: LiFePO4, Doping, Lithium-Ion Battery
Analisis Persaingan Pengunaan Pengiriman Barang dan Jasa Oleh Toko Online di Medan Menggunakan Metode Teori Permainan
Authors: Gultom Parapat , Marpaung Rony , Pratiwi Annisa
Published: October 2023

Pelayanan jasa pengiriman barang adalah suatu badan usaha yang bergerak dalam bidang bisnis pengiriman barang, adapun jalur dalam pengiriman barang tersebut melalui jalur darat, jalur udara, atau jalur laut dan memberikan pelayanan yang secara efektif dan efisien guna memenuhi kepuasan pelanggan yang akan mengirimkan barangnya. Banyaknya penggunaan jasa pengiriman barang menyebabkan pesatnya persaingan antara usaha ini, sehingga untuk masing-masing perusahaan jasa pengiriman barang harus memiliki strategi yang optimal. Untuk mencari strategi pemasaran yang optimal maka penelitian ini menerapkan teori permainan sebagai arahan hasil optimalisasi strategi pemasaran dengan pengambilan data hasil kepuasan penggunaan layanan jasa pengiriman barang tersebut melalui data dari kuesioner. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa strategi optimal pada perusahaan Kantor Pos Indonesia terletak pada strategi kelima yaitu jangkauan lokasi. Strategi optimal untuk perusahaan JNE terletak pada strategi kedua, yaitu ketepatan waktu. Terakhir, stategi optimal untuk perusahaan J&T terletak pada strategi ketiga, yaitu layanan jemput. Tujuan yang sangat diprioritaskan dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana perusahaan yang telah menjadi objek penelitian ini bisa menerapkan strategi optimal sesuai dengan hasil yang sudah diperoleh.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ELECTRE DAN METODE TOPSIS PADA KASUS PEMILIHAN BAKAL CALON KETUA UMUM UKM OIKUMENE
Authors: Mada Fellindha , Resmawan Resmawan , Nuha Agusyarif Rezka
Published: October 2023

A campus is defined as a learning institution that aims to educate its students to have abilities both academically and non-academically. Every student has the right to develop their potential through internal and external organizations. In particular, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo is a campus with 13 UKM (Student Activity Units) as student organizations than can be used as a forum for student to learn and develop their talents. The research aimed to determine the final results of decision-making through the TOPSIS and the Electre methods during the election process of the prospective chairman of UKM, and to determine the effective method applicable in this case. In accordance with the research finding, it was identified that the decision support systems in the election of the prospective chairman of UKM Kristen Oikumene (Student Activity Unit for Christian Students) at Universitas Negeri Gorontalo by applying the Electre and the TOPSIS methods indicated different final results for a decision.
PEMODELAN REGRESI NONPARAMETRIK SPLINE DAN APLIKASINYA PADA INDEKS KEBAHAGIAAN PROVINSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kondo Lembang Ferry , Ilwaru Venn Yan Ishak , Lewaherilla Norisca
Published: October 2023

Indeks Kebahagiaan saat ini menjadi salah satu indikator kesejahteraan yang menjadi fokus utama pemangku kepentingan. Di Indonesia, Indeks Kebahagiaan hanya terdapat sampai pada level provinsi dan memiliki perbedaan. Perbedaan Indeks Kebahagiaan setiap Provinsi dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini ingin dianalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Indeks Kebahagiaan Provinsi di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model Regresi Nonparametrik Spline terbaik Indeks Kebahagiaan Provinsi di Indonesia yaitu model dengan kombinasi titik knot 2,1,3,2,3 yang memiliki nilai Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) minimum sebesar 2,38  dengan empat variabel prediktor yang berpengaruh signifikan antara lain Angka Melek Huruf, Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka, Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat, dan Persentase Penduduk Miskin.
ANALISIS KESTABILAN MODEL MANGSA PEMANGSA DENGAN MAKANAN TAMBAHAN PADA PEMANGSA MENGGUNAKAN FUNGSI RESPON HOLLING TIPE IV
Authors: Mufidah Alfiatul , Savitri Dian
Published: October 2023

Interaksi antar dua populasi dapat mengakibatkan perubahan pada dinamika pertumbuhan kedua populasi. Pada populasi mangsa yang hidup secara berkelompok mengakibatkan populasi pemangsa kesulitan dalam mencari sumber makanan. Hal ini berakibat penurunan populasi pemangsa dan terjadi ketidakseimbangan kedua populasi. Jalan alternatif yang dapat dilakukan saat terjadi ketidakseimbangan populasi yaitu memberikan makanan tambahan untuk pemangsa. Dalam penelitian ini mengkonstruksi model mangsa pemangsa dua populasi dengan fungsi respon Holling tipe IV dan mempertimbangkan makanan tambahan pada pemangsa. Kajian pertama berupa studi literatur, kemudian mengkonstruksi model mangsa pemangsa, dilanjutkan analisis dengan menentukan titik kesetimbangan, dan kestabilan lokal di sekitar titik kesetimbangan. Kesesuaian hasil analisis ditampilkan dalam simulasi berupa potret fase. Hasil analisis diperoleh tiga titik kesetimbangan yaitu kepunahan mangsa pemangsa (E_1), kepunahan pemangsa (E_2) dan mangsa pemangsa saling berdampingan (E_3). Pada titik kesetimbangan E_1 bersifat tidak stabil, sedangkan pada E_2 dan E_3 bersifat stabil asimtotis dengan syarat tertentu. Hasil simulasi numerik menunjukkan adanya kestabilan ganda (bistabil) yakni pada titik kesetimbangan E_2 dan E_3 ketika parameter makanan tambahan A=1.3. Ketika A=1.2 maka hanya titik kepunahan pemangsa yang stabil (E_2). Kedua populasi saling berdampingan ditunjukkan dalam potret fase saat A=1.9. Adanya makanan tambahan, yaitu parameter A dapat mempengaruhi dinamika pertumbuhan kedua populasi tersebut.

Kata Kunci:  Makanan tambahan, Holling tipe IV, kestabilan, bistabil, model mangsa pemangsa.
SYMMETRICAL MATRICES CHARACTERISTIC OF INTEGERS WITH INTEGER EIGEN VALUE
Authors: Nainggolan Sahat Pandapotan
Published: October 2023

Estes (1992) stated that the set of eigen values from symmetrical matrices of Z is a set of totally real algebraic integers. Estes was not able to ensure that eigen values of a symmetrical matrices are integers. Mckee and Smyth (2007) observed more about the eigen value of symmetrical integer matrices. James and Chris proved that symmetrical integer matrices have eigen value with interval ranging in [-2,2]. Contrary to that, Martin and Wong (2009), stated that almost all integer matrices have no integer eigen value. Previous studies that could not show the characteristic of the eigen value made Cao and Koyunco studied and tried to determine the characteristic of symmetrical integer matrices for rank 2 and rank 3. The result shows that they have integer eigen value. In accordance to Cao and Kuyonco study, this article elaborates the characteristic of a symmetrical integer matrices for rank 4, and 5 to show the characteristic of a symmetrical integer matrices with integer eigen value for rank 1, 2, 3 and for rank 4 and 5.
Effect of Water Circulation on the Distribution of Zooplankton in the Southern Waters of Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Shafie Balqis Balqiah , Juneng Liew , Abdul Rahim Azman
Published: October 2023

The waters of Peninsular Malaysia located between the South China Sea and the Straits of Malacca are greatly influenced by two different monsoons: the Southwest Monsoon (SW) and the Northeast Monsoon (NE). Zooplankton are known to be receptive to any environmental changes. Apart from biotic and abiotic changes, the movement of water currents also has an impact on the distribution and composition of zooplankton, as this group is considered a passive swimmer that is dependent on the movement of water currents. This study was conducted to determine the effect of water movement in the southern waters of Peninsular Malaysia on the distribution of zooplankton. Sampling was done in three main areas: Kukup, Pengerang, and Pulau Besar. A total of 16 stations with three replicates per station were performed using a plankton net with a mesh size of 140µm. Results show that zooplankton in Pengerang recorded the highest with 256.157 ind/ m3, followed by Kukup (132.412 ind/m3) and Pulau Besar (54.066 ind/m3). There were seven dominant species of copepods recorded in this study, namely Acrocalanus gracilis, Bestiolona similis, Euterpina acutifrons, Oithona nana, Oithona similis, Paracalanus aculeatus, and Paracalanus denudatus. Generally, this study has shown a notable relationship between local current circulation patterns and zooplankton distribution.