bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Double Track System in Sentencing Juvenile Offenders in Indonesia: Strengths and Weaknesses of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Act 2012
Authors: Windari Rusmilawati , Widjajanti Ermania
Published: October 2018

In light of the various legal responses addressing juvenile offenders, the purpose of this article is to review the formulation of a new sentencing system in Indonesia, regulated by the Juvenile Criminal Justice Act 2012 (JCSA 2012) through the examination of the integration of the equilibrium idea of the double track system in JCJSA 2012. The paper uses normative studies, relevant legislation, as well as the concept of sentencing and the double track system to analyse interrelated issues. All data was analysed in order to gain insight and comprehension of the double track system formulated in a legislation. The results indicate that the sentencing system for juvenile offenders in Indonesia is designed to give priority to divertive, restorative and rehabilitative measures than punitive ones. As a reflection of equilibrium idea, the concept of double track system is still partially reflected in JCJSA 2012. Although the equitable position of sentencing is reflected by categorising various types of sentences and treatment, the functions of both remain unclear and overlap one another. Thus, both sentence and treatment may be executed carelessly and the administration of both may not be geared towards the determined goals. In order to prevent crimes, the effectiveness of the double track system greatly depends on the appropriateness of formulating the equilibrium idea through legislation. The analysis of the double track system is worthy for the policy maker to evaluate the existing legislation and to suggest possibilities for law reform.
The Regulatory and Commercial Environment for Franchising in Thailand in the Wake of the ASEAN Integrating Market
Authors: Wisuttisak Pornchai , Ba Binh Nguyen
Published: October 2018

The franchising sector in Thailand is a fast growing economic sector which is potentially enlarged by the imminent ASEAN market integration in 2015. This leads to significant consideration on the regulatory and commercial environment which plays considerable roles for shaping and supporting the franchising sector in Thailand in the wake of the ASEAN integrating market. Thus, this paper aims to explore the current Thai regulatory and commercial environment for franchising with regard to the ASEAN single market. The paper presents a challenging issue whether there is a lack of specific law for franchising in Thailand. The paper   concludes with recommendations that there should be a unified regulation which helps facilitate the development of the franchising sector in Thailand or alternatively, to confer authoritative power to the Department of Business Development to act as an agency governing and promoting the franchising sector in Thailand.
The Enforcement of Multi-Tiered Dispute Resolution Clauses: Contemporary Judicial Opinion
Authors: Garimella Sai Ramani , Siddiqui Nizamuddn Ahmad
Published: October 2018

Multi-tier dispute resolution clauses have come to be recognised as a commonly accepted method of dispute resolution clauses in commercial contracts - they often find place in construction contracts. The article discusses the conceptual nature of the multi-tiered clauses and explains the benefits of these clauses, as well as a few concerns related thereto. The article also refers to the UNCITRAL Model Law on Commercial Conciliation on the enforceability of the ADR tiers in the multi-tier dispute resolution clause, and the statutory regime governing enforceability of the multi-tier clauses in a few jurisdictions. It further discusses the implications of non-compliance of each of these tiers, especially with reference to the judicial opinion, in common law and civil law systems, with regard to the enforceability of these tiers – importantly, it addresses the question if and when these clauses are to be seen as condition precedent to an arbitration/litigation.  The article concludes by setting out the common pitfalls to be avoided and the pointers to be considered when drafting an enforceable multi-tiered dispute resolution clause.
The Inviolability of Medical Confidentiality in Malaysia: An Analysis of the Rules and Exceptions
Authors: Jahn Kassim Puteri Nemie , Ramli Nazri
Published: October 2018

The duty of medical confidentiality has been one of the core duties of medical practice as information created, disclosed, acquired directly or indirectly during the doctor-patient relationship is considered confidential and requires legitimate protection. Further, preserving confidentiality on the premise that the relationship between doctor and patient has been built on trust and confidence renders the duty to be seen as sacrosanct. The source for this duty can be found not only in the Hippocratic Oath, codes of ethics, religious tenets but also in the common law, principles of equity and statutory provisions. Nevertheless, technological advancements and the growth of social networks have contributed to the difficulties in preserving confidentiality as the information gathered tends to become vulnerable in unsecure environments. However, the duty of medical confidentiality is by no means absolute as it can be breached in situations in which there are stronger conflicting duties. This article discusses the rules governing the duty of medical confidentiality and the exceptions in which infringements to this duty become justified. It also gives an overview of the duty of confidentiality under Islamic law. It concludes that the inviolability of this duty may be without doubt but circumstances warranting its disclosure are crucial to serve the interests of justice.
Socio-Legal Significance of Family Waqf in Islamic Law: Its Degeneration and Revival
Authors: Sadique Muhammad Abdurrahman , Ansari Abdul Haseeb , Hingun Mohsin , Hasan Aznan
Published: October 2018

From a Shari’ah perspective, no essential difference is noticed between public welfare waqf and a waqf created for the benefit of individuals such as descendants and family of a person, and both are treated as recommended avenues for voluntary gratuitous transfer of benefits. Over the centuries, family awqaf have degenerated due to various social and political factors.  Under the influence of the English law that regards family trusts as non-charitable, family awqaf have been treated as non-charitable institutions, and have been deprived of the privileges and immunities granted to charitable awqaf.  In this context, the current article discusses the essential nature of such awqaf with regard to their position in Islamic law and history as well as their social significance, and attempts to shed light on the degeneration that took place in the recent past, while exploring means of revival.  It finds that the creation of endowments for specific beneficiaries such as waqf for those related to the endower is a recognised form of charity in Islamic law, that function as public serving entities directly or indirectly.  Issues encountered in such awqaf do not necessitate denying their multiple advantages.  Providing the necessary legal regulation and administrative framework as well as tax exemption for all awqaf could go a long way in promoting the cause of waqf.
International Cross-Border Surrogacy: An Analysis of the Malaysian Legal Position
Authors: Zawawi Majdah , Alias Siti Aliza binti
Published: October 2018

This article explores the legal implications that arise out of cross border surrogacy arrangements. There is a need to examine the issues that arise out of such surrogacy arrangements because it affects the responsibilities towards the resulting child. The article discusses among others, the problems in determining the legal parents, registration, custody and citizenship of the child. It is submitted that surrogacy arrangements, especially commercial surrogacy undermines the concept of the family and such an arrangement is immoral and opposed to public policy. In discussing these issues, this article first looks at the legality of surrogacy arrangements in Malaysia and around the world. It then analyses the effect of surrogacy arrangements under existing Malaysian laws and examines the possibility of adopting the child in Malaysia. Following that the article then outlines the citizenship issues that arise out of a surrogacy arrangement. A brief discussion on several unsettling issues is then made and the article extrapolates the notion of reproductive responsibility before concluding.
Rethinking the Issue of Non-Compensability of Civilian Losses Caused by Security Forces During Non-International Armed Conflicts: The Case of the Marawi Crisis in the Philippines
Authors: Barodi Norhabib Bin Suod Sumndad
Published: October 2018

The terrorism element attendant in an armed conflict does not alter its destructive nature vis-à-vis civilian properties. One example is the Marawi crisis where the Philippine security forces, in response to the threat to national security, territorial integrity, and sovereignty, resorted to aerial bombings and shelling of private buildings, residential houses, and masajid infiltrated by local terrorists, resulting in the destruction of these civilian properties. This article addresses the issue of non-compensability of these civilian property losses. Arguments in favour of and against non-compensability are presented against the backdrop of the concept of reparations in both international law and Philippine domestic law. Based on existing legal realities in Philippine domestic law and jurisprudence, this article finds that reparations in the form of compensation in the context of the Marawi crisis may not be imposed upon the Philippine government as a legal obligation. However, Philippine domestic law and jurisprudence likewise provides for sufficient grounds that reparations in the form of compensation has become the moral obligation of the Philippine government, which it must pursue in the name of justice under a regime of rule of law. Yet ironically, while justice especially during the transition is the ultimate objective of reparations both in its moral and legal contexts, it is only in the latter context that reparations may be pursued judicially. In the final analysis, the non-compensability issue, though a legal one, is a question of choice on the part of the Philippine government.
Whistleblowing: A Western and Shari’ah Perspective
Authors: Zainudin Nur Hazirah , Wan Zahari Wan Mohd Zulhafiz
Published: October 2018

The concept of whistleblowing law in Islam is unique and differs from the West as it derives from the elements of Tawhid and Shari’ah. The concept is essentially dynamic and relevant since it was initially introduced during the Islamic ruling era until the present time. The practice of whistleblowing in Islam maintains the public interest (maslahah ‘ammah) which aims in fulfilling the five objectives of Maqasid Shari’ah. On the other hand, the western whistleblowing law was developed in response to tragedies in assuring good governance and protecting the public interest, in which the ideas of good and bad are determined by social norms and not based on the scriptures. In the present time, notably, the role of whistleblower is significant to response to corruption as a global issue plaguing many nations, which causes substantial destruction to social, economic and political aspect. In this regard, the purpose of this paper is to explore and compare the concept and scope of disclosure of whistleblowing law from Shari’ah perspective and its western counterpart and how its principled conviction, upholding public interest disclosure could deal with the current phenomenon plaguing many nations, corruption. With that, the methodology employed in this paper reflected the descriptive, analytic, and prescriptive approaches by analyzing the existing laws, decided cases and literature pertaining to the conceptual and the legal frameworks of whistleblowing under the Western and Islamic jurisprudences.
Establishing Legal Rights and Liabilities for Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Shahul Ikram Nur Adlin Hanisah , Zul Kepli Mohd Yazid
Published: October 2018

The rapid development of technology has enabled the creation of artificial intelligence. Even the most vocal critics against artificial intelligence and automated systems acknowledge the tremendous benefits offered by this new technology as can be seen in various aspects of human life from trade and commerce, healthcare, safety and security, transportation to social life and beyond. At the same time, the spread of artificial intelligence, automated systems, and robotics poses an incredible risk to our jobs, privacy, safety, health and more. The purpose of this article is to understand the level of impact posed by artificial intelligence and to establish legal rights and liabilities for artificial intelligence. This article also analyzes the viewpoint of Islam on this phenomenon. This article is mostly library-based, benefitting from the extensive literature already available in international journals, books by scholars, and online news. In addition, this article also benefitted from interviews with scholars and experts on cybersecurity and artificial intelligence. The ultimate focus is on the possible recognition of artificial intelligence as a legal entity in its own right, capable of possessing rights and liabilities. The additional focus is on the Islamic perspective on the matter. This article shows that there is an urgent need to establish a uniformed minimum legal rights and liabilities for parties involved, including consumers, manufacturers, and designers, although such rights and liabilities can be tailored to fit the unique scenarios faced by the parties. This article reveals that Islam provides various useful guidelines on this modern and unique matter.
A Study on the Socio-Economic Roles of Waqf Ahli (Family Waqf) in Promoting Family Security and a Sustainable Family Economy
Authors: Mohamad Nor Asiah
Published: October 2018

The challenges associated with financial stability and sustainability of family economy in the future are increasing. The most worrying is the problems facing the survivors after the death of their breadwinners. The majority of Muslims are rarely ready for this possibility and many lacks the knowledge on how to face such a situation.  Some wrongly hold to the view that such preparation is not encouraged in Islam, against the principle of faraidh (estate planning) and an act of avoiding taxation and etc. In this article, it is shown that although waqf (Islamic endowment) appears in the form of charity but the outcomes are tremendous, encompassing family future investment and income generating. Employing a doctrinal analysis by looking into the available literatures on waqf, this article discusses how waqf ahli can contribute to family security and ensure a sustainable family economy. It is shown that Islamic endowment (waqf) aims to preserve and protect property for the use of the public; including spending on family. In addition, family waqf saves the heirs' property or business from fragmentation. Most importantly, it ensures sustainable family financial planning within the Shari‘ah framework while adding value to the existing family property or business.
Impact of Workplace Bullying on Job Performance and Job Stress
Authors: Robert Faran
Published: October 2018

Bullying at workplace is a very serious issue and can be found in every other organization. The actions of bullying could be very obvious or discreet and the people who are victimized by workplace bullying can strike them in numerous ways. This research is focused on the impact of workplace bullying on job performance and job stress. A total of 250 employees of 6 private banks of Lahore, Pakistan took part in this study and facts were examined through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The results clearly depict the significant relationship between workplace bullying and job stress, while the relationship between the workplace bulling and job performance is subtle. Furthermore, this research paper also provides the findings, conclusion and recommendations for future researchers.
TRANSPARANSI PELAYANAN PUBLIK PADA DINAS PENANAMAN MODAL DAN PELAYANAN TERPADU SATU PINTU (DPMPTSP) KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Harsini Harsini
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this research is to analyze the transparency and to analyze the factors that inhibit the creation of transparency of public service to the investment service and integrated service one door of Pekanbaru City. In this study using qualitative data analysis, that is by conducting data analysis through surveys, interviews and through information obtained in the field. Based on the results of research that the transparency of information service has not been fully transparent in the provision of services to the community. Priority interest of service users has not been fully prioritized. This can be seen from the management of public service that has not been published to the public, such as the cost and service time that is still not kept on the customer, and this is caused by the lack of resources available in the field of IMB management
KINERJA UNIT DALAM MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN FAKULTAS ILMU ADMINISTRASI UNIVERSITAS LANCANG KUNING
Authors: Nielwaty Elly , Prihati Prihati , Zuhdi Sulaiman
Published: October 2018

Performance Faculty of Administrative Sciences can be seen from the performance of employees. This study focuses on the performance of existing units in the Faculty of Administration in carrying out its main duties and functions in order to support the strengthening of Faculty's performance. But in reality the performance of existing units in the faculty of administration of the University of Lancang Kuning showed less satisfactory work. Indicators that are visible include unstructured unit work programs, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, limited budget support and weak leadership which are a constraint in motivating employees to do their job well. The objective of the study was to explain the performance of faculty units and their inhibiting factors. The research method uses qualitative with emphasis on the concept of performance measurement. The techniques used in data collection are observation, interview and documentation study. The results showed that the performance of the faculty unit has not run well, this is obtained from the measurement of performance indicators that include job performance, expertise, behavior and leadership. As for the inhibiting factors of faculty unit performance is the limited support of facilities, infrastructure and funding. Besides, the reward and punishment system has not been done to the employee job resulting in the employee's motivation in working to be reduced, besides it is necessary to be given guidance and training for the work unit to understand the duty and function properly.
UM ACERVO AUTOBIOGRÁFICO: A CAPOEIRA DOS MESTRES PASTINHA, BIMBA E COBRINHA VERDE NO MUSEU AFRO-BRASILEIRO DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA
Authors: Freitas Joseania Miranda de , Cunha Marcelo Nascimento Bernardo da
Published: October 2018

Este texto faz referência a um processo de pesquisa museal, no qual elementos da cultura material e imaterial foram documentados, revelando a existência do acervo autobiográfico de três importantes mestres da capoeira, na cidade de Salvador. A prática da pesquisa documental envolveu diversos procedimentos metodológicos, a exemplo da pesquisa bibliográfica, da tomada de depoimentos e do grupo focal, revelando determinadas tramas das relações sociais e políticas pelas quais os sujeitos e os objetos se constituíram. Entrelaçando a produção dos acervos individuais, sua utilização e a salvaguarda dos mesmos, o texto apresenta suas principais marcas identitárias, possibilitando a abertura de outros campos de investigação sobre histórias de vida, a partir do estudo de objetos e coleções, registros corporais e materiais das memórias afro-brasileiras.
A COMPOSIÇÃO DE UM ÁLBUM FOTOGRÁFICO: OS RASTROS DE UMA AVÓ MATERNA
Authors: Silva Cristina Maria da
Published: October 2018

Na montagem de um álbum de fotografias busco um rosto familiar: uma mulher de vestido azul, chamada Tereza, minha avó materna, descubro os laços que compõem a sua vida, os sonhos, as flores de sua preferência, os modelos de seus vestidos, os rastros que seus passos deixaram nas lembranças de infância de uma criança, as narrativas dos que com ela conviveram. Um álbum é pensado como uma construção narrativa e imagética de múltiplas grafias: daqueles que de modo separado realizaram as fotos, as descontinuidades do tempo que as mantiveram separadas, dos conhecimentos, narrativas e sentidos que elas evocam ao olhar, de sua conjugação entre temporalidades. Através da recuperação de imagens para montar um álbum, podemos criar, descobrir, desvelar conhecimentos, acender experiências. Contamos com a noção de fotobiografias (Fabiana Bruno, 2009); com o olhar sobre a imagem e suas supervivências (Didi-Huberman, 2011) e com Étienne Samain (2013), quando nos instiga a descobrir as peles da imagem e a acompanhar o que elas pensam. Na composição de um álbum, compomos uma origem, desbravamos a história de uma mulher, bem como de suas narrativas, que se inscrevem nas dedicatórias escritas em seus versos e nos caminhos que as imagens trilharam, em muitas mãos, até se encontrarem, em um álbum de fotografias.
ESCRITAS DE SI NA WEB: QUESTÕES PARA O SUPORTE DIGITAL
Authors: Simões Robson Fonseca
Published: October 2018

Este artigo, um mergulho na minha tese de doutoramento, tem a vocação de poder problematizar as escritas autobiográficas postadas nas redes sociais escolares do Orkut, trazendo à baila a questão do tempo de duração das narrativas nos suportes digitais. Naquele espaço da web, os navegadores, tripulantes de uma produção histórica do tempo presente, postam as suas histórias escolares do mesmo modo que outras fontes historiográficas apresentam vivas as vozes que clamam por visibilidade nos territórios da História da Educação. Será que os suportes modernos são criados mais para a difusão do que para a conservação, endossando a questão da efemeridade das escritas do universo virtual? Será que os ex-alunos escritores estão conscientes disso? Poder avaliar a documentação, descartar o desnecessário, criar condições de sobrevivência para esses documentos, pode ser um caminho para se poder pensar essa temática. Valho-me dos estudiosos Eco (2010), Mignot (2006), Castillo Gómez (2005), Vidal (2000), e Meneses (2009) para nos ajudar a refletir que as novas tecnologias digitais também têm a sua importância no quesito espaço e guarda de documentos, mesmo com os seus estatutos contraditórios e ambíguos.
REDES DE APRENDIZAGEM: HISTÓRIAS CRUZADAS ENTRE ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS E PRECEPTORES DA ÁREA DA SAÚDE
Authors: Fraga-Maia Helena , Pinho Ana Sueli Teixeira , Camelier Fernanda Warken Rosa
Published: October 2018

O objetivo deste artigo foi apreender as representações de estudantes e preceptores sobre os processos de aprendizagem decorrentes das relações estabelecidas no desenvolvimento do PET-Saúde “Doutores Mirins”. A metodologia adotada foi a narrativa (auto)biográfica e a técnica de pesquisa selecionada foi a entrevista narrativa. As narrativas dos estudantes revelaram que o PET-Saúde contribuiu para a construção de sentidos do fazer profissional e do percurso de formação, na interação com colegas de áreas diferentes, potencializando as redes de aprendizagem, à medida que os conhecimentos de um influenciavam os conhecimentos dos outros e amplificavam a compreensão dos cuidados em saúde de modo integrado. Já na perspectiva dos preceptores, as redes de aprendizagem, construídas pelos diferentes sujeitos, favoreceram a produção de novos significados em torno da atenção básica, sendo esses suscitados pela articulação entre teoria e prática. Durante o projeto, estudantes e preceptores revezaram o lugar de ensinar e de aprender. Ao tecer as redes de aprendizagem, os sentimentos de isolamento e receio da crítica deram lugar ao aumento da autoconfiança, à elevação da autoestima e à integração no grupo, fortalecendo o sentimento de solidariedade e respeito mútuo.
SUJEITOS EM CONSTRUÇÃO: A LEITURA E A ESCRITA DE SI
Authors: Yunes Eliana
Published: October 2018

O artigo trata de construção do eu em (auto)biografias de presos comuns, a partir de oficinas de leitura, realizadas com a mediação de leitores experientes, que se desdobram em (auto)escritas de si ou relatos de vida em depoimentos e entrevistas (biografias). O processo de ressubjetivação pela palavra ficcional alcança a construção de uma identidade potencial desconhecida no avesso da vida de exclusão que experimentam. No encontro com as personagens da literatura desenha-se uma compreensão crítica do mundo em que se veem inseridos e uma compreensão distinta das possiblidades alternativas de reinserção social. A experiência realizada em diversas prisões durante a etapa inicial do Proler, disseminou-se em outras iniciativas pelo país, e diverge em quase tudo da proposta oficial do Judiciário, que confunde leitura para a vida com leitura para a remissão de pena.
Data Modeling for Big Data
Authors: Huda M Misbachul , Hayun Dian Rahma Latifa , Martun Zhin
Published: October 2018

Today the rapid growth of the internet and the massive usage of the data have led to the increasing CPU requirement, velocity for recalling data, a schema for more complex data structure management, the reliability and the integrity of the available data. This kind of data is called as Large-scale Data or Big Data. Big Data demands high volume, high velocity, high veracity and high variety. Big Data has to deal with two key issues, the growing size of the datasets and the increasing of data complexity. To overcome these issues, today researches are devoted to kind of database management system that can be optimally used for big data management. There are two kinds of database management system, relational database management system and nonrelational system that can be optimally used for big data management. There are two kinds of database management, Relational Database Management and Non-relational Database Management. This paper will give reviews about these two database management system, including description, vantage, structure and the application of each DBMS.

Index Terms - Big Data, DBMS, Large-scale Data, Non-relational Database, Relational Database.
Peran Situs Web dalam Meningkatkan Experiential Marketing dan Experiential Value terhadap Kepuasan Pengunjung Concrete Show Se-Asia 2015
Authors: Tjhin Viany Utami , Maulana Septi
Published: October 2018

The research was aimed to determine the influence of marketing mix to the satisfaction of trade show visitors; service quality to the satisfaction of trade show visitors; experiential  marketing to the satisfaction of trade show visitors; and experiential value to the satisfaction of trade show visitors. It was used nonprobability sampling with a non-judgmental sampling method. Data was obtained by questionnaires collected from 100 respondents, whom the visitors of Concrete Show South-East (SE)-Asia 2015. The results from this research concluded that marketing mix, service quality, experiential marketing and experiential value has a significant influence and on visitor’s satisfaction of Concrete Show South East Asia 2015. The result revealed among all the independent variables, marketing mix has the most significant influence on customer satisfaction.

Index Terms—marketing mix, service quality, experiential marketing, experiential value, customer satisfaction.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Pakar Prediksi Stres Belajar Dengan Neural Network Algoritma Backpropagation
Authors: Kusnadi Adhi , Putra Idul
Published: October 2018

Stress will definitely be experienced by every human being and the level of stress experienced by each individual is different. Stress experienced by students certainly will disturb their study if it is not handled quickly and appropriately. Therefore we have created an expert system using a neural network backpropagation algorithm to help counselors to predict the stress level of students. The network structure of the experiment consists of 26 input nodes, 5 hidden nodes, and 2 the output nodes, learning rate of 0.1, momentum of 0.1, and epoch of 5000, with a 100% accuracy rate.

Index Terms - Stress on study, expert system, neural network, Stress Prediction
La recepción de la Teoría de los Sistemas de Luhmann en la jurisprudencia constitucional colombiana
Authors: Ruiz Manotas Paola Margarita , Fernando Bermeo Luis
Published: October 2018

Este texto presenta algunas consideraciones sobre la influencia que ha tenido la Teoría de los Sistemas, de Luhmann, en las decisiones de la Corte Constitucional Colombiana desde sus inicios. Para ello, encontraremos una mención general sobre los conceptos básicos de la teoría luhmanniana, sobre la interrelación de los sistemas sociales derecho, política y moral, y sobre algunas críticas que podrían plantearse desde Luhmann hacia el positivismo jurídico propiamente dicho. Es así como, partiendo de las tres sentencias en las que esta corporación cita la teoría de Luhmann, se observa la manera en que el Derecho corre el riesgo de permearse de los diferentes sistemas que lo rodean, así como la necesidad que tiene de autoproducirse y diferenciarse de otros sistemas o discursos sociales, como la moral y la política, con el fin de mantener su núcleo central, que es la validez.
Renovación de los métodos de elección de contralores municipales con participación ciudadana, vecinal y comunal
Authors: Sánchez Zamora Román , Hernández Carreón Nadia
Published: October 2018

Este artículo analiza y evalúa el actual método de elección de los titulares de los organismos de rendición de cuentas. Su intención es plantear su transformación a un carácter ciudadano, vecinal y comunal. La designación directa que se ha realizado sobre estos nombramientos ha motivado que los ciudadanos (y algunos órganos de gobierno de esquemas transversales de evaluación) subvaloren la rendición de cuentas. Ante las áreas de mejora, se propone un nuevo método de elección de los contralores municipales, contemplando el tiempo de gestión, cómo deben conducirse, y con la figura de organismos de participación ciudadana involucrados. La finalidad es transparentar y brindar mayor certidumbre a la sociedad sobre el actuar en las instituciones públicas.
Radiografía política del pensamiento universitario
Authors: Ponce Carrillo Omar Antonio , Pérez Castro Lizett
Published: October 2018

El presente análisis sociológico tuvo como antecedente primario la necesidad de explicitar los contenidos de dos materias de la Licenciatura en Ciencia Política: Estadística descriptiva y Estadística inferencial. Si la primera nos permite elaborar fotografías matemáticas de la realidad inmediata, la segunda nos faculta para extrapolar tales fotografías en el ámbito espacial. Este trabajo, por ende, es un análisis sociológico del pensamiento político de la generación 2015 de la Licenciatura en Ciencia Política de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP).
La otra cara de la Santa Sede
Authors: Alonso Herrero José Antonio
Published: October 2018

El objetivo central de este artículo es analizar la ‘estadidad’ de la Santa Sede. Se subraya la distinción entre la Iglesia católica romana y el Estado Vaticano. Las opiniones de autores católicos y no católicos sobre el binomio Iglesia romana - Santa Sede constituyen el punto de apoyo para discutir el carácter que asumió la Santa Sede a partir del Tratado de Letrán, firmado en 1929 por Mussolini y el Papa Pio XI. Datos recientes sobre la actuación política y económica de la Santa Sede sirven como elementos premonitorios de la actuación que el moderno Estado mexicano debe tomar en cuenta para defender su autonomía en temas tan cruciales como la educación laica, el derecho de las mujeres al aborto legal, la homosexualidad y la pederastia clerical.
El liderazgo de los países asiáticos en el sector del vestido: repercusiones para América Latina
Authors: López Juárez Patricia , Rodríguez Suárez Pedro Manuel
Published: October 2018

En este artículo se efectúa una reflexión científica en torno a la industria del vestido, ubicada principalmente en países emergentes. Su principal fortaleza es la mano de obra no calificada y con bajos niveles salariales. En las últimas décadas los países asiáticos han liderado el comercio internacional de la industria textil. Esto ha afectado a América Latina. Se consideran dieciséis países latinoamericanos, los que más participan en el comercio exterior de este sector productivo. El primer objetivo es analizar el desarrollo de la industria del vestido en los países asiá- ticos y sus repercusiones en los países de América Latina. El segundo objetivo es conocer las formas de trabajo recurrentes que les han dado ventajas competitivas a los países líderes en el sector. El tercero, es generar propuestas para contrarrestar la competencia de los países asiáticos frente a los de América Latina.
Sociología de la discapacidad
Authors: Tagle López Erick Gómez , Castillo Fernández Dídimo
Published: October 2018

Discapacidad es la pérdida o disminución de aptitudes o habilidades físicas, mentales o sensoriales, derivadas de alguna deficiencia fisiológica, anató- mica o psicológica, que limita, dificulta o impide la realización de actividades cotidianas. En ambientes adversos y ante la falta de oportunidades puede arribarse a situaciones de minusvalía social, lo cual obliga a repensar, desde las ciencias sociales, las situaciones de exclusión, discriminación y maltrato hacia esta población. Se busca hacer efectivos sus derechos, pasando de la ideología del déficit al paradigma de la diferencia.
El justo lugar de Octavio Paz
Authors: Robles Félix Luis Germán
Published: October 2018

Durante el siglo XX, los países de la periferia cultural dieron a luz a gigantes monstruosos. Un puñado de escritores causó que la mirada del centro se alargara a los confines; al Sur. En una orilla del continente, Jorge Luis Borges urdía laberintos, perversiones textuales y relatos con maquinarias cronomé- tricas y perfectas; en la otra, Octavio Paz, casi de manera milagrosa, tejía una poesía impecable, cautivadora y nueva.
Industria de autoayuda y gubernamentalidad neoliberal: la reconfiguración del rol ciudadano
Authors: Ortiz Gómez María Guadalupe
Published: October 2018

El modelo neoliberal plantea una reformulación de los roles del Estado, el mercado y la sociedad. Sostiene que el mercado es el órgano más eficiente para realizar la distribución de la riqueza. En este contexto surge un discurso que promueve la idea de que el ciudadano es responsable de generar sus propias oportunidades de desarrollo. Estos planteamientos se promueven mediante la política pública, los medios de comunicación masiva y las industrias culturales. Destaca la proliferación de la literatura de autoayuda, desde donde se promueven ideas funcionales para tal propuesta. El individuo es el responsable-culpable exclusivo de su éxito o fracaso, lo cual quita luz al importante papel que juegan las condiciones estructurales. El trabajo analiza las afinidades entre literatura de autoayuda y las ideas neoliberales
sobre el rol ciudadano.
Participación ciudadana, pluralismo y democracia
Authors: Canto Sáenz Rodolfo
Published: October 2018

Como aspiración democrática, la participación ciudadana no queda a salvo en los marcos de la democracia representativa, ni tampoco en el contexto de la sociedad plural o sociedad civil organizada, con su inevitable carga de desigualdad política y socioeconómica de los actores y la exclusión de los ciudadanos no organizados. Si se busca la participación amplia de la base social es necesario estimularla; no es un punto de arranque sino un objetivo. La democracia participativa es posible pero requiere de un cuidadoso diseño institucional, reglas y procedimientos claros, una resuelta voluntad política y un entorno social favorable. Vista como objetivo de política pública, la democracia participativa obliga a promover la más amplia participación de la base social.
Organizaciones religiosas y su incidencia en el fenómeno migratorio. El caso de la Iglesia católica y la Pastoral Hispana en Minnesota
Authors: Sánchez Gavi José Luis
Published: October 2018

El presente trabajo pretende analizar la participación de la Iglesia católica estadounidense frente al tema migratorio en el estado de Minnesota. Específicamente se estudia cuál es el papel que asume el Estado ante los migrantes mexicanos que se han asentado en dicha entidad. Exponemos primero el contexto de la entidad y la evolución del flujo migratorio, como nuevo destino de los migrantes mexicanos, así como la importancia que paulatinamente han ido adquiriendo.
¿“Dar voz al Otro”? Los métodos biográficos y las narrativas de los migrantes: un debate ejemplar en ciencias sociales
Authors: Da Gloria Marroni María
Published: October 2018

El presente artículo reflexiona sobre la relación entre los métodos biográficos en ciencias sociales y los estudios migratorios a partir de una pregunta central: ¿se puede “dar voz al Otro”? Esta es la cuestión eje de la construcción de los métodos biográficos para el estudio de la migración, en donde el “Otro” es el migrante, cuyo conocimiento aspira a ser develado por las ciencias sociales. Se exploran las respuestas que éstas han dado a la interrogante desde los estudios pioneros hasta las propuestas del siglo xxi. Más allá de incorporar instrumentos técnicos y nuevos hallazgos de las ciencias sociales, el problema reside en cómo se concibe la relación investigadorsujeto investigado: lejos de una neutralidad valorativa, el investigador
está comprometido con esta relación y todas sus implicaciones.
El populismo, quimera para mantener el dominio neoliberal
Authors: Hernández Solís Aldo Fabián
Published: October 2018

El discurso del populismo ha acompañado las coyunturas de disputa política en América Latina durante las últimas décadas. Sin embargo, el uso del término como denostación política ha obscurecido su poder explicativo. Así, una tradición de reflexión política en torno al populismo ha sido hecha a un lado, por un nuevo uso de la palabra como lugar común de descalificación política.
Una propuesta normativa sobre democracia participativa para la Ciudad de México
Authors: Casas Cárdenas Ernesto , Ávila Sánchez Rocío Jazmín
Published: October 2018

Al debate sobre la participación ciudadana le es inherente el imperativo de garantizar una mayor intervención directa del ciudadano en la construcción de las decisiones de gobierno. Por tanto, esta investigación tiene como objetivo general contribuir a la reflexión eminentemente teórica en torno al modelo participativo a nivel local. Se toma como referente la experiencia sobre el particular en la Ciudad de México. Se analizan factores de carácter contextual y estructural, los actores, así como los alcances de la implicación ciudadana. Ello, en conjunto, permite identificar un nivel de escepticismo en la esfera de gobierno sobre la participación ciudadana.
Tiempo y muerte en las pandillas transnacionales de El Salvador
Authors: Moreno Hernández Hugo César
Published: October 2018

El presente artículo presenta la visión de pandilleros salvadoreños sobre la muerte y cómo la estrecha relación que tienen con lo mortífero les lleva a una vivencia del tiempo en clave de presente casi perpetuo. Su posibilidad diacrónica sólo es posible por marcadores como el hospital, la cárcel y el cementerio. Se busca dejar oír la palabra de pandilleros salvadoreños de la Pandilla 18, tanto activos dentro del grupo como de aquellos denominados calmados. Aparece también la voz de un pandillero calmado de la Mara Salvatrucha. Es importante esta distinción en cuanto deja ver cómo la muerte se enseñorea en la vida cotidiana de estos jóvenes y adultos miembros de agrupaciones complejas simplificadas por las políticas de criminalización.
Teoría crítica y nuevas interpretaciones sobre la emancipación
Authors: Tischler Visquerra Sergio , García Vela Alfonso Galileo
Published: October 2018

Este artículo tiene como objetivo discutir la idea de emancipación y praxis en autores marxistas contemporáneos como John Holloway, Theodor Adorno y Walter Benjamin. Asimismo, creemos importante hacer referencia al zapatismo, cuya idea de emancipación implica una propuesta alternativa a la idea clásica de revolución. En este artículo, planteamos que existen dos perspectivas teóricas en la tradición marxista sobre la praxis revolucionaria: una que pone énfasis en el partido y en la toma del poder del Estado y otra que se centra en la autonomía de las luchas y rechaza el centralismo del partido comunista. Más que una polémica de carácter teórico, las dos perspectivas son parte del movimiento histórico de la lucha de clases. La discusión sobre la emancipación y la praxis que presentamos está atravesada por la polémica entre las perspectivas antes mencionadas.
Cambios, tendencias y desafíos de las políticas científicas recientes en las universidades nacionales de Argentina
Authors: Unzué Martín , Rovelli Laura Inés
Published: October 2018

Este trabajo analiza dos políticas científicas implementadas entre 2004-2015 desde las principales agencias del sector de la Argentina y su incidencia en el marco de las universidades nacionales. Se exploran los alcances de la política de formación de doctores y su influencia en la configuración reciente del posgrado y de la carrera docente en la universidad. Por otra parte, se indaga sobre el influjo de la política de priorización de la investigación científica en las estrategias y orientaciones de los dispositivos universitarios. A través de un abordaje cualitativo, se llevó a cabo un relevamiento documental complementado con entrevistas a autoridades gubernamentales y universitarias.
Reformas estructurales en México
Authors: Aguilar Moya Lyn Ignacio
Published: October 2018

Como parte de la práctica universitaria, y mediante la aplicación del Programa
de fortalecimiento de la calidad en instituciones educativas, la Benemérita
Universidad Autónoma de Puebla publica, bajo la coordinación de los doctores
Armando Osorno Sánchez y Blanca Yaquelin Zenteno Trejo, el libro
titulado Reformas estructurales en México, reflexiones en materia fiscal-hacendaria,
educativa, electoral y constitucional en el sector de hidrocarburos.
PRUEBA
Authors: Dionisio Osorio Victor Augusto
Published: October 2018

PRUEBA
Aportaciones a la claridad lingüístico-conceptual de funciones básicas en la investigación social
Authors: Hernández Cuevas Maximiliano
Published: October 2018

El propósito de este trabajo es contribuir al esclarecimiento del significado funcional de actividades que indispensablemente se realizan en la investigación científica ―en particular de la realidad social— y que frecuentemente se dan por entendidas, pero que en los hechos son utilizadas con equivocidad. Esto demerita o, de plano, llega a distorsionar el sentido y la eficacia de un estudio, puesto que uno de los requisitos fundamentales de cualquier argumentación sólida, dentro de la ciencia o en cualquier otro contexto, es poseer un máximo de precisión lingüística-conceptual.
La democratización mexicana. Un camino tortuoso
Authors: Campos López Xóchitl Patricia , Velázquez Caballero Diego Martín
Published: October 2018

Samuel Schmidt ha sido un hombre siempre atento a la evolución del sistema político mexicano, lo que se evidencia en su profusa obra académica, siempre encaminada al desarrollo intelectual, social y político de México. A Schmidt se le puede describir, guardando la debida proporción, con la recomendación que se hacía para Platón: “No vayas a Siracusa”. Al igual que el ilustre filósofo, nuestro autor siempre va a Siracusa; no a la búsqueda del poder, sino a la formación del carácter y de la plenitud del hombre, quizá porque la madurez y la sabiduría urgen a brindar consejo para conducir mejor la administración pública, o quizá porque hay un enorme amor por México y es necesario coadyuvar a su progreso y estabilidad.
Reforma laboral y actual espectro del derecho del trabajo
Authors: Santos Azuela Héctor
Published: October 2018

De cara a las transformaciones y actuales efectos de la reforma laboral, ha sido objeto de investigación y estudio elaborar un análisis sobre la naturaleza, estructura y perspectivas del derecho sindical y del trabajo. En este sentido nos hemos avocado a profundizar en la regimentación neoliberal de dos ejes basilares: 1. La naturaleza y estructura del derecho sindical y del trabajo, reparando en la teoría relacionista de derecho del trabajo, soporte e inspiración del derecho individual del trabajo, desatendida al extremo con las reformas actuales; marco teórico que dio soporte a la instauración y régimen de la estabilidad absoluta del empleo a partir de la incorporación del trabajador a su trabajo. 2. Con apoyo de la premisa anterior, se estudia la depredación e inaudita pauperización de las condiciones generales de trabajo: de la jornada de trabajo, los días de descanso y vacaciones, el ré- gimen del salario y la participación de utilidades, amén de las restantes prestaciones de los trabajadores.
Ética empresarial: ¿Cómo hacer negocios sin perder el alma?
Authors: Lastra Lastra José Manuel
Published: October 2018

En el presente estudio no se intenta apologizar acerca de los principios o virtudes, ni de las diversas corrientes ideológicas o filosóficas que con prolijidad y elocuencia se ocupan mejor del tema. Por lo contrario, me he impuesto la tarea de reflexionar y en su caso indagar, hasta qué punto puede la ética influenciar o intervenir en el extenso mundo empresarial o de los negocios en particular
Reflexiones sobre la violencia: Maffesoli, Derrida y Baudrillard
Authors: Ochoa Bilbao Luis
Published: October 2018

La violencia vista desde la modernidad supone un atavismo que la racionalidad occidental debiera superar. Sin embargo, desde la sociología posmoderna se plantea que todo proyecto que se presume civilizatorio vive, parte o se regodea con múltiples formas de violencia discursiva, simbólica y cotidiana. El presente trabajo recoge las reflexiones de tres autores posmodernos sobre la violencia: Derrida, Maffesoli y Baudrillard, quienes ponen en entredicho el aparato conceptual moderno que presume de haber hecho de las ciencias y las sociedades, espacios que se alejan de la violencia.
El dominio del lobo: estado, violencia y poder
Authors: Bautista Martínez Eduardo
Published: October 2018

El tema del libro resulta oportuno por la violencia sin control que vive México debido a la crisis del sistema de seguridad pública y al surgimiento de los grupos de autodefensa que emergen en diversas regiones del país ante la incapacidad del Estado mexicano para proteger a sus pobladores. Si el Estado moderno surge para evitar que el hombre se convierta en el lobo del propio hombre, los indicios que estamos observando con el desdibujamiento de los más elementales principios del Estado obligan a reflexionar desde una perspectiva hobbesiana. Resulta que los instintos del lobo no se diluyeron en el contrato social —sustento del Estado—, sino que el lobo se instaló en las alturas, infiltró al Estado. Con esta frontera difusa, de pugnas pero también de intercambios entre delincuentes y gobernantes, ese lobo ha mostrado su carácter depredador no sólo de abajo hacia arriba sino al interior del mismo aparato estatal. La pregunta que surge ahora es la magnitud de la falla del Estado mexicano en el cumplimiento constitucional de sus funciones sustantivas, anticipando, de entrada, que la noción de Estado fallido es mucho más compleja.
La Primavera Árabe: el largo camino de un proceso de transición democrática
Authors: Paredes Rodríguez Rubén
Published: October 2018

Las transiciones en el mundo árabe están marcadas de una gran responsabilidad histórica, donde el cambio de régimen político no se debe reducir sólo a la dimensión política, es decir, al poder y al conjunto de pautas —explícitas o no— que definen los canales de acceso a los cargos de gobierno. Sino también a una agenda de transformación socio-cultural profunda que compatibilice democracia y religión. Por tal motivo, el objetivo del presente estudio es analizar a dos años de iniciada la Primavera Árabe, el proceso de transiciones con la aparición de nuevos regímenes alejados de la dimensión secular de la política.