bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of spatiotemporal land use and land cover changes on surface urban heat islands in a semiarid environment
Authors: Sadeghinia Alireza , Sedaghat Mahdi
Published: December 2022

This study presents the results of research that was conducted in the city of Tehran, located in the subtropics (35° N.) in a semi-desert climate in southwest Asia. The purpose was to analyze the relationship between land use/cover change (LULC) and the spatiotemporal dynamics of surface urban heat islands (SUHIs) and give results regarding the structure of the UHI in the city of Tehran. Using Landsat-5 TM data from 1986 to 2010, we quantified the spatiotemporal variability of the SUHI and LULC in the city of Tehran. The spatial distribution of land surface temperature (LST) showed the most extensive SUHI as spatially located in the western and southwestern areas of Tehran in 1986. In 2010, the spatial extent of SUHI had increased. The occurrence of LULC changes in the southern, southwestern, and especially the western parts of Tehran have played the most important role in expanding and intensifying the SUHI effect. These areas experienced two major alterations: (a) The area lost about 14 km2 from green cover; and (b) the industrial and commercial land use, and transportation network extended significantly in these areas. Based on LULC and LST distribution patterns, barren lands, industrial and commercial land use, and transportation network have the major roles in the formation and expansion of the SUHI effect in Tehran. The SUHI of Tehran, like that of other arid or semi-arid cities, does not exhibit the classical pattern of SUHI: that is, the hot spots usually are not found in the downtown, as occurs in humid climates. Rather, the SUHI tends to situate over desert areas or barren lands that surround these cities. Therefore, an inversion of the standard SUHI phenomenon during daytime has been observed in Tehran. Research conducted in arid and semi-arid cities suggests that we should refine our point of view on the concept of the UHI in such cities and consider this issue in future studies.
Estimation of seasonal and annual river flow volume based on temperature and rainfall by multiple linear and Bayesian quantile regressions
Authors: Modabber-Azizi Sajjad , Salarijazi Meysam , Ghorbani Khalil
Published: December 2022

Investigation of river flow volume in different conditions as a function of temperature and rainfall variables can be quite effective in understanding the hydrological and hydro-climatic conditions of the watershed. Multiple linear regression models were applied in estimating river flow in several studies due to their straightforwardness and appropriate interpretation of results. In this study, to overcome the limitations of the multiple linear regression model, the Bayesian quantile regression model was used to estimate the river flow volume as a function of rainfall and temperature, and the results were compared. The data and information used for the Qareh-Sou basin in northern Iran are of substantial environmental and socio-economic importance. Five data series, including spring, summer, autumn, winter, and annual series, were created and used for this study. It was found that the Bayesian quantile regression model has considerable flexibility to model the volume of flow for different quantiles, predominantly upper and lower quantiles, and can be used to model high and low flows. With increasing the values of quantiles, a limited decreasing pattern in the effect of rainfall on the volume of flow was identified, which can be due to increasing the effect of other factors in the formation of extreme flows of the river. For summer data in high quantiles, the effect of rainfall on river flow volume shows an increasing pattern. This pattern is different from the other studied series, which may be due to the low base flow in summer. The results confirm that the application of Bayesian quantile regression compared to multiple linear regression leads to much more valuable information on the impact of rainfall and temperature on river flow volume.
Hamidoğulları Beyliği dönemine Ait Efendi Sultan Camisinin kayıp kitabesi
Authors: BAKIR Abdullah
Published: December 2022

Tarih araştırmalarında birinci elden kaynak olarak kitabelerin önemi büyüktür. Elde yeterince kaynağın bulunmadığı Türkiye Selçukluları ve Hamidoğulları Beyliği döneminde, inşa edilen mimari yapılar üzerine konan kitabeler o dönemin tarihi hakkında bilgiler veya bir takım ipuçları veren günümüze ulaşmış tarihî vesika değerindedir. Bu kitabeler üzerinde bulunduğu yapı hakkında bilgi vermesinin yanında devrin tarihi, bulunduğu bölgenin sosyal ve kültürel yapısı hakkında bilgiler sunması açısından da oldukça önemlidir. Bu kitabelerin bir kısmı eserlerin zaman içerisinde coğrafi koşullar nedeniyle yıkılması veya tahrip olması sonucu yok olmuştur. Türkiye Selçukluları ve Hamidoğulları Beyliğine ait mimari eserlerin bulunduğu merkezlerden birisi de Uluborlu şehridir. Uluborlu şehrinde Türkiye Selçuklu ve Hamidoğulları Beyliği dönemlerine ait mimari eserlerin birçoğu tahrip olmuş veya yıkılmıştır; bu eserlerin yapılışı veya tamiri ile ilgili bilgi veren kitabelerin çoğu da maalesef yok olmuştur. Çalışmada Efendi Sultan Camii’nin kitabesi ele alınmıştır. Bu caminin yıkılmasından sonra cami haziresinde bulunan kitabe, bir türbenin duvarına konulmuştur. Söz konusu kitabe ile ilgili geçmişte kaleme alınan bazı kaynaklarda bilgi verilmesi kitabenin varlığını doğrulamaktadır. Fakat bu kitabe uzun zamandır kayıp idi. Araştırma sonucunda bu kitabenin yeri tespit edilmiştir. Elinizdeki çalışmada, kitabenin özellikleri, kitabe olarak seçilen malzemenin hazırlanmasında uygulanan yöntem, çeviri yazısı, tercümesi ve Türkiye Selçukluları ile Beylikler Dönemine dair katkıları üzerinde durulmuştur.
The Relationship of School Principal Supervision and Achievement Motivation with the Pedagogic Competence of Teachers Of State Junior High School In East Binjai
Authors: Azmi Fachruddin , Lubis Marasamin , Muslim Muslim
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine: (1) the relationship between the principal's supervision and the teacher's pedagogic competence; (2) the relationship between achievement motivation and teacher pedagogic competence; and (3) the relationship between Principal Supervision and achievement motivation with teachers' pedagogical competence. The research subjects were teachers of SMP Negeri Se- Binjai Timur with a total sample of 118 people. Sampling was done by proportionate random sampling. The research method is descriptive which aims to obtain information about a symptom in the study. Before this research was conducted, the research instrument was first tested, followed by validity and reliability tests. The valid teacher Pedagogic Competency questionnaire instrument obtained 25 items out of 30 tested questionnaires, and has a reliability of 0.90. The valid principal supervision questionnaire instrument obtained 26 items out of 30 tested questionnaires, and the reliability coefficient was 0.88. The valid achievement motivation questionnaire instrument obtained 26 items out of 30 tested questionnaires, and the reliability coefficient was 0.88. Based on the hypothesis testing, it can be concluded: (1) there is a significant relationship between the supervision of the principal and the teacher's pedagogical competence of ry1.2 = 0.54 > rtable = 0.18 and tcount = 7.19 > ttable = 1.65; (2) there is a significant relationship between achievement motivation and teacher pedagogical competence of ry2.1 = 0.31 > r table = 0.18 and t count = 3.67 > t table = 1.65; and (3) there is a significant relationship between principal supervision and achievement motivation with teacher pedagogic competence of Ry(12) = 0.68 > rtable = 0.18 and Fcount = 48.37 > Ftable = 3.23. The results showed that the principal's supervision and achievement motivation together contributed 46% to the teacher's pedagogic competence, and the rest was determined by other conditions.
The Students’ Perception toward Learning Platform of Quizizz in Learning Vocabularies at MAN 1 Malang
Authors: Albadri Abdun Nashir , Yunus Muhammad , Elfiyanto Sonny , Mustofa Mutmainnah , Putra Suatmo Pantja
Published: December 2022

The education system in Indonesia has been impacted by the spread of Covid-19. Learning occurs not only in real objects but also in cyberspace, such as through internet intermediaries. This requires the adaptation and sustainability of the teaching-learning process at all levels of guidance. Online learning has been designated as a distance learning management system by the Indonesian government. The sample of this research was 89 sample of the eleventh-grade students of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri I of Kabupaten Malang while the samples is taken from three different classes, those are XI IPA, XI IPS and XI Agama. The quantitative method was used in this study. To collect the data, questionnaires was used as the primary tool. The questionnaires is analyzed and see how students perceive toward learning platform of quizizz in learning vocabularies at MAN 1 Kabupaten Malang. Closed-ended data analysis was utilized to determine the outcome of the students’ perspective and to verify the established data, and the last steps taking conclusion. The results showed statement No. 5 achieved the highest mean rank of 77,8 by getting the average value at which most participants agree that Doing test in Quizizz is fun and the instruction easy to understand. Statement No. 11, which indicates that most participants feel that taking an exam on Quizziz saves greater time than taking one on paper and pencil, had the second highest mean. With an average of 66,85, question number seven had the least mean value of all the questionnaire statements. There were several responses to this question, with the highest percentages being 56.2% agreeing, 5.6% strongly agreeing, and 38.2% disagreeing. It seems students can help to concentrate in class when using Quizizz but some might feel the opposite Future studies are expected to improve the suggestions that are expected to be better in this suggestion. Other applications, such as Kahoot, Zoom, Moodle, YouTube, and others, can also be used in online classes as media to facilitate the learning process and student discussions with teachers.
Mathematics Learning in the Society 5.0 Era
Authors: Rizqi Nur Rahmi , Dewi Izwita
Published: December 2022

Challenges in the increasingly complex world of education are demanded in accordance with the existence of the era of advances in technological integration. In the era of society 5.0, the occurrence of modernization in mathematics learning is proportional to the needs of the millennial generation. The purpose of this study is to look at learning mathematics in the era of society 5.0 according to the goals and ideology of mathematics education. Furthermore, mathematics learning solutions in competing in the implementation of mathematics learning. The transformation of society 5.0 era makes it easier for students and teachers in learning mathematics where students are expected to be more influenced, think dynamically, be productive in realizing an exciting education. Mathematics learning can use ICT in accordance with the goals and ideas of Mathematics education where the experience of learning mathematics can develop children's creativity. So that the implementation of the ideology and goals of mathematics education in the Era of Society 5.0 are: mastery of digital technology, distributing cultural change, pedagogical development, personality-social competence, expansion of professionalism, and innovative-creative-adaptive.
THE EFFECT OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME AND CONSUMPTION LEVEL ON THE WELFARE OF FLOWER FARMING FAMILY IN TOMOHON CITY
Authors: Tumangkeng Steeva Y. L. , Untu Victoria Neisye , Moniharapon Silcyljeova
Published: December 2022

Family welfare is one indicator of the economic progress of a region. This is important because if people's welfare increases, it will automatically increase economic growth. A person can be said to be prosperous if he can fulfill his physical and spiritual needs and development. This study aims to determine and analyze the extent of the influence of household income and consumption on the welfare of flower farming families in the city of Tomohon. This research is a quantitative descriptive research using multiple linear regression analysis method. The output of this research is in the form of a study of how the influence of income levels and household consumption on the welfare of flower farmer families in Tomohon City, besides that, the output of this research is the publication of International Journals and Intellectual Property Rights.
FEMINIST MESSAGES IN GURU DUTT’S PYAASA (1957): A DISTINCTIVE CASE STUDY
Authors: Bhattacharjee Sunayan , Chakraborty Amrita
Published: December 2022

Guru Dutt’s masterpiece Pyaasa (1957) is not just a movie. It is in fact much more than that. It is an experiment with humanity. It is also a journey along the brighter and darker alleys of the normal human mind. While dissecting everything that cripples the Indian society then and even now, it’s partly haunting and partly reassuring narrative makes us ask some fundamental questions vis-à-vis our social existence. One of the resultant questions that crops up in the process tries to uncover the true essence of womanhood. From the narcissistic and decidedly selfish character of Meena, played by the inimitable Mala Sinha, to the selfless and deeply loving character of Gulabo, enacted flawlessly by the mesmerizing Waheeda Rehman, the movie refuses to take sides and declare loyalties. While one might argue that the protagonist Vijay, played by Guru Dutt himself, sides towards Gulabo at the end of the movie, the inclination is far from being decisive. If one takes a clear look at the diegesis of the movie, she/ he would be able to appreciate that the decision is influenced more by convenience than by ideology. While ideology does play a part in what the movie theorizes, it is more of a reflection on the true nature of the society that we live in. This research paper makes an honest attempt at deciphering the obvious and subtle feminist messages that are ingrained in the movie. While doing so, the researcher looks not just at the narrative of the movie but at the filmmaking style as well for style often determines the ideological stance of any audiovisual material. While studying the given subject, the researcher uses the Auteur Theory, the Apparatus Theory, and the Feminist Film Theory.
Dukungan Selebriti Terhadap Produk Hortikultura Online pada Era Digital di PT. Tani Hub Indonesia
Authors: Mirfazli Miluniqa Yasmin , Hermita Sadeli Agriani , Trimo Lucyana , Setiawan Iwan
Published: December 2022

Developing a business in this digital era is related to changes in people's behavior and shopping patterns, which usually shop offline become online. Digital developments make it easier for consumers to do shopping activities on e-commerce that can be accessed anywhere and anytime. Marketing activities are also growing, one of which is the celebrity endorsement marketing strategy which is currently being carried out by many entrepreneurs. By relying on the popularity of celebrities, the products sold can reach consumers outside the city and abroad. This celebrity endorsement is usually applied to beauty or fashion products, but one of the agribusiness e-commerce that sells horticultural products that used this strategy, namely Tani Hub. The purpose of this study is to analyze how celebrities can influence consumer's buying intentions for horticultural products sold online by Tani Hub's agribusiness e-commerce, then what factors influence it the most and how the role of celebrities is on Tani Hub's social media. This research method used a quantitative research with secondary data analysis approach. The analysis was carried out using the PLS-SEM data analysis technique. The research respondents were 100 who came from Tani Hub's social media followers, Instagram. The respondent's determination technique used convenience sampling technique. The results showed that only one variable had a significant effect, namely attractiveness, which was the most influential factor. The remaining variables, namely truthwthiness, expertise and celebrity match-up have no significant effect. The biggest role of celebrities is to increase followers on Tani Hub's social media.
Efektivitas Peran The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (ACHPR) dalam Menangani Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) di Sierra Leone
Authors: Rahman Abdul , Anam Syaiful , Bustami Sirwan Yazid
Published: December 2022

FGM merupakan salah satu bentuk kekerasan berbasis gender yang muncul akibat adanya diskriminasi gender yaitu stereotip mengenai perempuan yang suci dan ideal. Sierra Leone menjadi salah satu negara dengan tingkat praktik tertinggi dan masih mempertahankan praktik FGM. Praktik ini dianggap berbahaya dan haruslah dihentikan, karena memiliki berbagai dampak negatif. UA melalui komisinya yang mengatasi permasalahan HAM, ACHPR turut melakukan upaya dalam menangani FGM. ACHPR bersama WLDA kemudian membuat draf protokol untuk mengatasi diskriminasi perempuan. Draf protokol ini disahkan dalam Sidang Tinggi AU di Kota Maputo, yang diberi nama resmi The Protocol of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights of Women in Africa atau Protokol Maputo. Lantas, peran ACHPR dalam mengimplementasikan Protokol Maputo dalam menangani FGM di Sierra Leoneperlu diteliti. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ACHPR sudah mampu untuk menjalankan peran-perannya, serta pada rentang tahun 2016-2020 tingkat praktik FGM mengalami penurunan sebesar 7%. Sehingga, dapat dikatakan apabila peran ACHPR sudah cukup efektif dalam menangani FGM di Sierra Leone Tahun 2016-2020.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Daring dengan Model Reading Quistioning and Aswering (RQA) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif Biologi Peserta Didik Kelas X di SMAN 1 Madapangga Kabupaten Bima
Authors: Suryanti Emi , Jamaluddin Jamaluddin , Merta I Wayan
Published: December 2022

Reading Questioning and Answering (RQA) merupakan model pembelajaran yang menghadapkan peserta didik untuk membaca materi pembelajaran. Model pembelajaran tersebut dapat membantu peserta didik untuk meningkatkan membaca materi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari peserta didik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran daring dengan model Reading Questioning and Answering terhadap hasil belajar kognitif biologi peserta didik kelas X di SMAN 1 Madapangga kabupaten Bima. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasi eksperimen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas X berjumlah 104 peserta didik. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 51 peserta didik yang terdiri dari 25 peserta didik kelas X IPA2 dan 26 peserta didik kelas X IPA4. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan dengan Teknik random sampling Penentuan kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen dilakukann dengan metode undian. Teknik pengumpulan data ialah menggunakan instrumen soal dan dokumentasi. Nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen ranah kognitif 79,3, termasuk dalam kategori baik. Hasil uji beda kelas eksperimen dengan kelas kontrol untuk hasil belajar kognitif biologi yaitu t hitung pada α 0,5 adalah 1,71 dan t tabel 1,70. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat dinyatakan bahwa pembelajaran daring dengan model Reading Questioning and Answering terhadap hasil belajar kognitif biologi peserta didik berpengaruh positif dan signifikan.
MENINGKATKAN KECERDASAN VISUAL SPASIAL MELALUI KEGIATAN BERMAIN MAZE
Authors: Putriana Dini , Sit Masganti , Basri Muhammad
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to improve visual-spatial intelligence by playing maze. This research is a classroom action research conducted with several cycles to see the changes. Data collection in this study used observation sheets. The results of this study showed that in the pre-cycle the number of children who had visual-spatial intelligence was only 2 people. In cycle 1 it increased to 5 people from 10 people. Then the results of cycle 2 get an increase in 9 out of 10 children increasing their visual-spatial intelligence. The results of this data analysis indicate that by playing maze children can solve problems, remember goals, learn to read maps, recognize the characteristics of an object and are able to coordinate eyes and hands, and improve fine motor skills.Keywords: Intelligence; Play Maze; Spatial Visuals. Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kecerdasan visual spasial melalui bermain maze. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dengan beberapa siklus untuk melihat perubahannya. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan lembar observasi.. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada prasiklus jumlah anak yang memiliki kecerdasan visual spasial hanya 2 orang. Pada siklus 1 mengalami peningkatan menjadi 5 orang dari 10 orang. Kemudian pada hasil siklus 2 mendapatkan peningkatan 9 dari 10 orang anak meningkat kecerdasan visual spasialnya. Hasil analisis data ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan bermain maze anak dapat memecahkan masalah, mengingat tujuan, belajar membaca peta, mengenali ciri dari sebuah objek dan mampu mengkoordinasikan mata dan tangan dan meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halusnya.Kata Kunci: Kecerdasan; Bermain Maze; Visual Spasial.
PEMAHAMAN GURU PAUD TERHADAP STRESS AKADEMIK PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Wulansuci Ghina , Hunafa Lestari Ririn , Munggaraning Westhisi Sharina
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the understanding of students majoring in PG-PAUD towards the concept of academic stress in early childhood. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method which aims to explain a symptom in the form of numbers that have meaning on the understanding of PG-PAUD students majoring in academic stress in early childhood. This study shows that non-regular students of the PG-PAUD study program do not understand the concept of academic stress in early childhood. The focus of the research is the PG-PAUD study program students, totaling 40 non-regular students as prospective educators who have a bachelor's qualification in Early Childhood Education (PAUD) who are able to identify children's difficulties in various fields of development. The results showed that of 23 non-regular students as respondents or 57.5% did not know about academic stress in early childhood and 17 non-regular students or 42.5% knew about academic stress.Keywords: Academic Stress; PG-PAUD Students; Early Childhood. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemahaman mahasiswa jurusan PG-PAUD terhadap konsep stress akademik pada anak usia dini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk menjelaskan suatu gejala dalam bentuk angka yang memiliki arti terhadap pemahaman mahasiswa jurusan PG-PAUD terhadap stress akademik pada anak usai dini. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa non reguler program studi PG-PAUD tidak memahami konsep dari stress akademik pada anak usia dini. Fokus pada penelitian adalah mahasiswa program studi PG-PAUD yang berjumlah 40 mahasiswa non reguler sebagai calon pendidik yang memiliki kualifikasi sarjana Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) yang mampu mengidentifikasi kesulitan anak dalam berbagai bidang pengembangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 23 mahasiswa non reguler sebagai responden atau 57,5% tidak mengetahui tentang stress akademik pada anak usia dini dan 17  mahasiswa non reguler atau 42,5% mengetahui tentang stress akademik. Kata Kunci: Stress Akademik; Mahasiswa PG-PAUD; Anak Usia Dini.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PELATIHAN REFLEKTIF ASESMEN ALTERNATIF BAGI GURU PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Mulyana Edi Hendri , Sumardi Sumardi , Yuliani Risa
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this research is to develop an alternative assessment reflective training model as outlined in the training implementation guide. This Research and Development process follows the steps of the ADDIE model. The results of the Research and Development show that the training guide products are categorized as very valid and very feasible. In addition, the effective training model used is seen from the evaluation results Level 1: Perception in the very good category, Level 2: Learning in the high category, and Level 3: Performance in the very good category.Keywords: Alternative Assessment Reflective Training Model; Early Childhood Education Teacher. Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan model pelatihan reflektif asesmen alternatif yang dituangkan dalam panduan pelaksanaan pelatihan. Proses Penelitian dan Pengembangan ini mengikuti langkah-langkah model ADDIE. Hasil Penelitian dan Pengembangan menunjukkan produk panduan pelatihan dengan kategori sangat valid dan sangat layak. Selain itu, model pelatihan efektif digunakan dilihat dari hasil evaluasi Level 1 : Persepsi dengan kategori sangat baik, Level 2 :  Belajar dengan kategori tinggi, dan Level 3 : Kinerja dengan kategori sangat baik. Kata Kunci: Model Pelatihan Reflektif Asesmen Alternatif; Guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini.
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PERSONALITY OF THE BELIEF IN THE QURAN
Authors: Dasopang Erwin Pinayungan , Dalimunthe Putri Ani , Pahutar Masrawati , Wirda Syahrul
Published: December 2022

Believers globally are balanced in worship. It is proper for a believer to have a balance between the affairs of this world and the hereafter. It can be seen at least in the dimensions of individual worship such as praying solemnly ', keeping one's genitals or sexuality only in a legal way (only with wives or slaves at the beginning of Islam), as a believer is a person who always maintains his obligations. In addition, social dimensions such as not doing useless things by always adorning themselves withuserl behavior, paying zakat, and interacting well by keeping promises and responsibilities. According to Imam Jalaluddin al-Suyuti, a believer can be lucky if he occupies the six characteristics. First, a believer is a person who prays solemnly 'by humbling himself before Allah. Second, a believer is a person who stays away from useless actions such as words, actions, and so on. Third, believers are people who pay zakat by paying it. Fourth, a believer is a person who keeps his genitals (sexuality) from haram except for his wife or slave-owned (concubine) it becomes no problem (in the era there are still slaves), if seeking sexual satisfaction other than with his wife and slaves such as masturbation then the Thus, it has exceeded the limit by committing an unlawful act. Fifth, believers are people who keep their promises and are responsible both personally and in groups for relationships with fellow humans such as mu'amalah. Sixth, the believer is the one who always keeps the five daily prayers.
THE DISTRIBUTION OF SCIENCE ACCORDING TO MUSLIM PHILOSOPHERS
Authors: Nasution Hasan Bakti , Siregar M. Fajri Syahroni , Saputra Imron Bima
Published: December 2022

This research is a qualitative research and includes literature research. The purpose of this study is to examine the distribution of knowledge with various branches and scopes. In Islam science has a level that is so important that this makes philosophers divide it so that Muslims can easily understand the difference. The position of Ibn Khaldun and other philosophers as experts who share knowledge in the articles presented is so that the way of thinking of Ibn Khaldun and other philosophers about science is well known in its distribution and scope.
La redacción de las citas y referencias en los Proyectos de Grado: caso República Dominicana
Authors: Liriano Pérez Daniel José , Bernardo Jiménez Aranzazu
Published: December 2022

La calidad de un trabajo académico está asociado al rigor científico empleado en su elaboración, especialmente en lo relativo a la redacción de las citas y referencias. El artículo que presentamos tiene como objetivo general analizar el nivel de aplicación de las normas de la Asociación de Psicólogos Americanos (APA) en la elaboración de las citas y referencias en los Proyectos de Grado de los estudiantes de la carrera de educación de la Universidad Tecnológica de Santiago (UTESA), recinto Gaspar Hernández. La población bajo estudio está representada por 334 estudiantes, 34 docentes y los 83 Proyectos de Grado que representan los documentos académicos elaborados por los alumnos, desde el cuatrimestre 3/2016/ hasta el 3/2019. Estos incluyen 7,298 citas y 6,038 referencias. La metodología se sustenta en un enfoque mixto, al incluir elementos cuantitativos y técnicas cualitativas. En la recopilación de los datos se utilizaron dos cuestionarios elaborados ad hoc, con la escala tipo Likert y una Matriz de Análisis de Datos. En el análisis de los datos se empleó la estadística descriptiva.  Los resultados del estudio identificaron errores en las citas elaboradas, tales como, el uso incorrecto de los signos de puntuación, ordenamiento erróneo de los elementos, omisión o cambio en los datos, ausencia del año de publicación de la fuente. En las referencias, se observa combinación de formatos, invertir el orden de los componentes, y otros más graves, como URL incompletos u omisión de información de la fuente.
Violência e Crueldade animal: Prevenção, combate e jurisprudência
Authors:   , gonçalves barbara parlangeli
Published: December 2022

A questão da violência animal praticada pelo homem é sem dúvida pré histórica, onde nos primórdios já se valia da força animal para a realização de tarefas duras e pesadas, tais como o uso de cavalos, bois entre outros animais de grande porte. E desde essa época o homem entendeu ser superior e estes e por isso sem necessidade de respeitar a vida destes animais. O processo de conscientização e respeito à vida da fauna é considerada bastante recente. A partir da Constituição de 1988 os animais passaram a estar sob a tutela do Estado para a sua proteção e preservação de direitos. O presente estudo pretende analisar a vida animal priorizando o contexto legal de seus direitos, identificando as condições de violências expostas, bem como as vertentes possíveis para garantir a proteção a esses animais. O estudo também pretender demonstrar as leis hoje existentes e ainda identificar possíveis necessidades de aprimoramento no direito a fim de contribuir para tal proteção, inclusive com a aplicação de penalidades aos causadores de tais violências.
Insights into the recent advances in the pretreatment of biomass for sustainable bioenergy and bio-products synthesis: Challenges and future directions
Authors: Ifeanyi-Nze Favour Okechi , Omiyale Charles Olumakinde
Published: December 2022

Recently, biomass has shown its viability as an alternative to fossil fuels. Due to the growing trend in greenhouse gas emissions generated by the continual burning of fossil fuel products, it will be advantageous for humanity to seek a more sustainable and renewable source of energy. Due to its availability, biomass has a promising approach as a feedstock for bioconversion processes that produce energy, fuels, and other chemicals. The carbon dioxide generated by burning biomass has no influence on atmospheric carbon dioxide since it is derived from a renewable source. Despite these benefits, its adoption in bioconversion and biorefinery processes has traditionally been hindered by its recalcitrant nature, as indicated by its intrinsic characteristics. Prior to any conversion process, biomass must be pretreated to enhance product recovery. To satisfy the rising need for renewable and sustainable energy sources, the present conversion efficiency must be improved and the biorefinery concept must transition from using just one biomass component (cellulose) to utilizing the complete biomass component. This study examines numerous pretreatment procedures used prior to any conversion process, the challenges faced, and the future of biomass pretreatment technologies. Physical, hydrothermal, chemical, oxidation, biological, and hybrid pretreatment techniques are evaluated. The review indicates that the ideal approach to biomass pretreatment must be able to deal with the recalcitrant nature of biomass, enhance the crystallinity of cellulose, and provide the greatest recovery of biofuels, bio-char, sugars, and other industrially relevant bioproducts. The data offered in this study will equip readers with the knowledge necessary to effectively identify solutions to pretreatment problems and energy generation from pretreated biomass.
Presentación de un caso con múltiples malformaciones congénitas: asociación VACTERL
Authors: Martinez Rueda Silvia Cristina , Rincon Arenas Laura Andrea , Rueda Zambrano Fabián Alberto
Published: December 2022

La asociación VACTERL es un conjunto de malformaciones congénitas que ocurre en varias combinaciones, entre las cuales encontramos: malformaciones Vertebrales, atresia Anal, anomalías Cardiovasculares, fistula Traqueo esofágica, atresia Esofágica, malformaciones Renales y displasia de las extremidades (Limb), fundamentalmente en el hueso radial. Para su diagnóstico se requiere la presencia de, al menos, tres de los siete criterios enumerados y se realiza por medio de ecografía a partir de la semana 18 de gestación. Aun no se ha reconocido etiología específica para esta patología; se cree que es producto de una influencia teratogénica entre la cuarta y octava semana de gestación. El pronóstico de estos pacientes es muy pobre, ya que fallece el 50-85% de los niños en el primer año de vida, sobreviviendo después del primer año de vida solo un 12-15%.
Estrabismo y ambliopía, conceptos básicos para el médico de atención primaria
Authors: Serrano Camacho Juan Carlos , Gaviria Bravo Martha Lía
Published: December 2022

El estrabismo y la ambliopía son patologías relativamente frecuentes en la población general. La ambliopía constituye la causa principal de disminución de visión unilateral. Existen diferentes tipos de estrabismo mientras que la ambliopía se debe únicamente a tres mecanismos fisiopatológicos. El objetivo de este artículo es brindar al médico de atención primaria y al estudiante de medicina una revisión completa y actualizada sobre estos dos temas. Para esto revisamos libros de texto reconocidos y utilizando MEDLINE, artículos representativos relacionados con el tema y mostramos un panorama general que incluye aspectos básicos de anatomía de los músculos extraoculares, nomenclatura y terminología empleada en estrabismo, aspectos de fisiología motora, pruebas clínicas utilizadas para el diagnóstico, generalidades sobre los principales tipos de estrabismo y manejo.
¿Cuánto se encarecieron los medicamentos entre 2000 y 2010 en la ciudad de Bucaramanga?
Authors: Navarro España Jorge L , Parra Carreño Daniel F
Published: December 2022

En  el  presente  artículo  se  estudia  la  inflación  en medicamentos entre los años 2000 y 2010 en la ciudad de Bucaramanga. Esto se hace a través del análisis del Índice de Precios al Consumidor de medicamentos publicado por el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística. Los principales hallazgos fueron que en el período los precios de los  medicamentos se incrementaron 99%. Esta cifra es menor que la  inflación  de medicamentos del país y la presentada  en  ciudades  principales  como  Bogotá y Medellín,  entre  otras.  No  obstante,  en  términos internacionales,  para el período estudiado el alza es excesiva. Finalmente, los precios subieron más aprisa para las clases con menores ingresos, lo cual marca un hecho socialmente regresivo. Debido a la  limitación  obvia del análisis a partir de índices, se aconseja realizar estudios de gastos de bolsillo de los  consumidores para obtener estimaciones precisas de los costos de bienestar.
Los accidentes biológicos y caracterización del riesgo en estudiantes de enfermería
Authors: Garavito Santos Zuly Nayibe
Published: December 2022

Los accidentes biológicos son un evento adverso para los estudiantes de enfermería, teniendo en cuenta que comparten el mismo escenario como todo el personal sanitario. Este riesgo está dado por la probabilidad de exposición a agentes infecciosos, principalmente los de tipo viral (hepatitis B o C, virus de inmunodeficiencia humana-VIH) por exposición percutánea en su mayoría. La relación estrecha enfermero-paciente que supone el quehacer de la profesión, incrementa el riesgo de accidentalidad con relación a otras carreras de la salud. Esta problemática ha sido estudiada en el mundo; sin embargo, no existen datos que muestren la problemática en Colombia, hallándose información al respecto para otras carreras de la salud. El objetivo de esta revisión es exponer de forma concisa y breve los accidentes biológicos más comunes y su caracterización en estudiantes de enfermería, identificando el grado de conocimiento, aptitudes y aplicación de las normas de prevención y bioseguridad de acuerdo con la bibliografía encontrada con miras a identificar estrategias que permitan mejorar la seguridad de los estudiantes en sus diferentes prácticas clínicas y comunitarias. [Garavito ZN. Los accidentes biológicos y caracterización del riesgo en estudiantes de enfermería. MedUNAB 2012;15(1):32-37].
Incidencia y caracterización de los accidentes biológicos en estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - Colombia
Authors: Garavito Zully Nayibe
Published: December 2022

Objetivo:  Conocer  la  prevalencia  y  caracterizar  los accidentes biológicos de  los estudiantes de enfermería de  la  Universidad  Autónoma  de  Bucaramanga.  Metodología.  Estudio  descriptivo  observacional,  retrospectivo  con  una  encuesta  anónima  autodiligenciada  entre  todos  los  estudiantes de 2º a 8º nivel en el segundo semestre de 2011. Resultados: De  98  estudiantes,  9.1%  manifestó  haber sufrido uno o más accidentes en el semestre evaluado, con 17 accidentes en  total. Predominaron  los pinchazos  (66.6%)  y  las  salpicaduras  (33.3%).  Conclusión: La incidencia informada es menor que  la existente en  la  literatura, aunque el  tipo  de  accidentes  es  similar  a  lo  planteado  en  esta.
Perfil clínico y epidemiológico de pacientes con síndrome de Sjögren concomitante a artritis reumatoide
Authors: Martinez Sanchez Lina Maria , Cardona Velez Jonathan , Vargas Grisales Natalia , Rojas Londoño Jennifer , Rodríguez Gázquez María de los Ángeles
Published: December 2022

El Síndrome de Sjögren es una enfermedad crónica autoinmune en la cual se ven alteradas las glándulas mucosas del organismo, caracterizada principalmente por sequedad oral (xerostomía) y ocular (xeroftalmia). Objetivo. Describir el perfil clínico y epidemiológico de pacientes con Sjögren concomitante a Artritis Reumatoide en una Clínica  privada de la ciudad de Medellín-Colombia. 2005- 2010. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo del tipo de series clínicas en el que se estudiaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes atendidos por Sjögren concomitante a Artritis Reumatoide en una clínica privada de Medellín-Colombia. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el programa SPSS, a las variables cuantitativas se les calculó el promedio y la desviación estándar, además de los valores mínimo y máximo, y a las variables cualitativas se les estimó proporciones. Resultados. Se estudiaron 23 pacientes los cuales tenían una edad mediana de 55 años y 91.3% eran del sexo femenino. Los síntomas más frecuentemente reportados fueron la xerostomía y la xeroftalmia con un 69.6% y 56.5% respectivamente. Los métodos más empleados para el diagnóstico fueron el Factor Reumatoideo (78.3%) y los anticuerpos antinucleares (69.6%), mientras que los principales medicamentos empleados fueron la cloroquina y la Prednisolona (cada uno con 52.2%). Conclusión. Sjögren concomitante a Artritis fue encontrado más comúnmente en el sexo femenino. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes fueron la xerostomía y xeroftalmia y la mediana del tiempo de diagnóstico fue de 61 meses. Es necesario seguir ahondando en el tema para caracterizar mejor aquellos pacientes con Sjögren y otra enfermedad inmunológica de base.
Prevalencia de estrés en estudiantes de medicina de una universidad privada de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia.
Authors: Rodríguez Gázquez María de los Ángeles , Martinez Sanchez Lina Maria , Agudelo Vélez Camilo Andrés
Published: December 2022

El estrés tiene lugar cuando un estímulo incrementa la activación de un organismo más rápidamente que su capacidad de adaptación para atenuarla. Objetivo. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de estrés en estudiantes de medicina de una Universidad Privada de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. Metodología. Estudio cross sectional realizado en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. La población estuvo conformada por estudiantes de medicina que voluntariamente desearon participar. Se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas y relacionadas con estrés. El análisis se realizó con el programa SPSS vr 17.0; a las variables de razón se les estimó la media con desviación estándar y valores mínimo y máximo. Las cualitativas se expresaron en frecuencias y porcentajes. Para determinar la asociación entre la variable dependiente e independientes, se aplicó c2 y se asumió significancia estadística si el valor de la probabilidad era menor de 0.05. Resultados. Participaron 453 estudiantes con edad promedio de 20.6±2.5 años, el 73.1% fueron mujeres, el 93.6% solteros, el 58.3% de los estudiantes se encuentran en los tres primeros años de formación. El nivel de estrés fue medio en un 95.4% y en el 4.6% restante leve. Conclusiones. Todos los estudiantes de medicina evaluados presentaron algún nivel de estrés. Es necesario incorporar medidas que ayuden a disminuir este problema en la población de estudio.
Variables pre-analíticas que afectan las concentraciones de homocisteína: aplicación para biobancos con fines de investigación
Authors: Serrano Díaz Norma , Páez María Carolina , Bautista Niño Paula Katherine , Díaz Martínez Luis Alfonso , Guío Mahecha Elizabeth
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: El presente estudio evaluó el impacto de las variables pre-analíticas sobre las concentraciones séricas de la Homocisteína, y su posible aplicación en biobancos con fines de investigación.
Metodología: En diez adultos voluntarios auto declarados sanos, se tomaron muestras de sangre periférica bajo diferentes condiciones de ayuno, posición de toma de la muestra (supino versus sentada) y diferentes intervalos de tiempo entre la toma y la separación definitiva de componentes. Todas las alícuotas fueron almacenadas a -800C en el biobanco hasta el momento de ser procesadas. La medición de homocisteína se hizo por duplicado en Immulite® 2000. Se realizó análisis de concordancia por medio de coeficiente de Lin (σ) y MANOVA.
Resultados: La medición de homocisteína es altamente reproducible (σ=0.908, IC95% 0.861 a 0.955), sin que el ayuno o el tiempo de centrifugación de la muestra afecte su concentración. Sin embrago, la posición al momento de la toma de muestra, implica una reducción media de 14.2% (IC95% 8.4% a 20.0%) en la concentración de Homocisteína en poción decúbito supino versus la toma en posición sentado.
Conclusión: La homocisteína es un biomarcador estable, sin que su valor se vea alterado por variables pre-analíticas como los tiempos entre toma de muestra, centrifugación y separación de componentes (almacenamiento temporal a 4°C). Sin embargo la postura del participante al momento de la toma de muestra produce una variabilidad significativa. Estos hallazgos reiteran el papel de un biobanco en la estandarización de los procesos de toma, manipulación, almacenamiento y gestión con criterios de excelencia.
Características de los casos juzgados en el Tribunal de Ética Médica de Santander, Colombia, desde la promulgación de la Ley 100 de 1993
Authors: Rodríguez Cornejo Arnulfo , Cadena Laura Del Pilar
Published: December 2022

Introducción y objetivos: Desde  la promulgación de  la Ley 100, de 1993, los usuarios del nuevo Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud aumentaron el conocimiento de sus derechos, por ende exigen mejor calidad y cumplimiento en  estos servicios  por  parte  de  los  profesionales  de  la medicina. El objetivo es identificar las características de los  casos demandados ante el Tribunal Ética Médica Santander (TEMS). Metodología:  Estudio  descriptivo  transversal aleatorizado con una muestra de 120 casos. La información fue captada y revisada por un miembro del TEMS,  la cual se transcribió sin elementos de  identificación de  los  implicados. Las  variables estudiadas  incluyen  la  descripción  del demandante, del demandado y  la  resolución del proceso. Resultados: Se revisaron 136 casos radicados en el TEMS desde 1994 hasta 2009. El 56.6% de los afectados fueron mujeres, y el 47.1% de las demandas fueron remitidas al TEMS por un ente  judicial. El 83.1% de  los demandados fueron hombres, con una media de 42.12 años, de ellos el 37.5% no tenía especialidad. El tiempo entre la ocurrencia de los hechos y la radicación en el TEMS fue de 244 días en promedio; entre la radicación y el pronunciamiento fue de 761 días en promedio. El 89.5%  fue acusado por infringir  los artículos  de  la  relación  médico-paciente.  En  el pronunciamiento el 72.7% de  los casos  fueron absueltos por falta de méritos y 16.2%  recibió condena. Conclusiones: Es relevante que se analice la  relación médico-paciente y se fortalezcan  las  acciones  de  concientización  sobre  la integridad profesional. Así mismo, es importante revisar las características del procesamiento de los casos.
La investigación en el programa de psicología de la UNAB
Authors: Mojica Perilla Mónica
Published: December 2022

El devenir del programa de psicología de la UNAB ha estado enmarcado, entre otras cosas, por un interés permanente en el fortalecimiento de la investigación. En este orden de ideas, se han demarcado institucionalmente dos escenarios para desarrollar esta labor; en primer lugar nos encontramos con el desarrollo de propuesta de investigación en sentido estricto, abordadas en su totalidad por los docentes adscritos al programa; en el segundo lugar, la estructura curricular del pregrado de psicología y de los posgrados ofertados, contempla el fortalecimiento de los procesos de formación para la investigación. A continuación se presentara una breve panorámica sobre la manera en que cada una de las áreas de trabajo previamente enunciadas ha sido abordadas por nuestro programa.
Jobs not Threatened by Automation in the Future in the Slovak Republic
Authors: Horváthová Andrea , Hrnčiar Michal , Rievajová Eva
Published: December 2022

Industry 4.0 brings with it an increase in new forms and methods of work based on automation and digitization, which gradually threaten jobs in individual countries. Most studies published on this topic describe the expected proportion of jobs that are threatened with extinction. The aim of the presented study is to investigate the opportunities that the introduction of Industry 4.0 brings with it.

The presented study calculates the share of jobs with a low risk of being threatened by automation in the Slovak Republic. This is a unique approach to researching the impact of innovation trends on the labor market, which identifies jobs that are difficult to replace by machines. The calculation of the share of jobs with a low risk of being threatened by automation is based on the connection of two data sources – National system of occupations (a description of the skills required for every job in the Slovak Republic) and Information system on the price of work (modern and effective national labour cost statistical survey focus on wage earnings, including the calculation of the number of employees in individual job positions).

Of the total number of 2 million working people in the Slovak Republic, 24% will not be threatened by automation. These are jobs that require at least one of the following skills for their performance: creativity, organizing and planning work, the ability to make decisions and take responsibility, leadership skills, critical thinking and talent. Several authors investigating the issue of innovations and their effects on jobs define the above-mentioned skills as difficult to be replaced by machines.

The findings presented in the paper create space for further discussion at the national level about which skills and competences will need to be supported in lifelong learning among employees in order to prevent the high rate of replacement of jobs by automation, which the OECD predicts for the Slovak Republic.