bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tropospheric Ozone Prediction in Mexico City
Authors: Garfias Vásquez Margarita , Audry Sánchez Javier , Garfias y Ayala Francisco Javier
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Two techniques are applied to forecast time series for the hourly ozone measured at Pedregal’s recording station of the Automatic Network for Environmental Monitoring (RAMA for itsacronym in Spanish) located in the metropolitan area of Mexico City. The techniques have been widely applied since last century: the autoregressive (AR) and the method of delays in an embedded space. The predicted values by the autoregressive method are somewhat less precise than those forecasted by the embedded space method, as presented below. It is intended to predict the maximum ozone daily concentration in advance to be able to alert the citizenship or for taking appropriate control measures. In this presentation, the models have as main limitation to be based only on the ozone time series; more robust models should take into consideration meteorological variables to increase precision. If it is roughly considered only the series formed by the hourly ozone series from January to May 1999; the series of daily ozone maxima have an standard deviation of around 0.05 ppm of ozone. In the most precise —the embedded space method— shown at the end of the article, the error standard deviation between predicted and real maximum daily ozone data is around0.027 ppm of ozone, which shortens the gap, considering the total of the ozone maximum as a normal distribution.Resumen. Se aplican dos técnicas para el pronóstico de series en el tiempo para el caso de la serie formada por las lecturas de ozono horario en la estación de Pedregal de la Red Automática de Monitoreo Ambiental (RAMA) en el Valle de México. Estas técnicashan sido usadas desde el siglo pasado; el modelo autorregresivo (AR) y el método para series caóticas. Los valores pronosticados por el modelo caótico son más precisos que el modelo autorregresivo. Se pretende pronosticar los valores máximos de concentración de ozono durante el día. Sin embargo, se requiere estudiar las variantes que tienen estos modelos para tener mayor precisión en el pronóstico, de manera que sea de utilidad práctica para tomar medidas preventivas pertinentes. En esta exposición los algoritmos tienen como principal carencia usar sólo el contaminante ozono en la serie del tiempo, dado que modelos más complejos deberán considerar variables meteorológicas que mejoren la precisión del pronóstico. Así a grosso modo, si se considera la serie formada por los máximos diarios de ozono en el período estudiado (enero a mayo de 1999) la desviación estándar es de 0.05 ppm de ozono en la variante más precisa del modelo caótico que se muestra al final del artículo, la desviación estándar del error entre los valores máximos pronosticados y los valores reales es de alrededor de 0.027 ppm de ozono, lo que acorta la banda de valores pronosticados a algo más de la mitad, considerando el total de los máximos diarios como una distribución normal.
o-Hydroxylaminobenzaldehydes and the N-Acylated Derivatives Thereof
Authors: Muchowski Joseph M. , Maddox Michael L.
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Ethyl acetate solutions of o-hydroxylaminobenzaldehydes (1a, 8c, 8d) can be generated by reduction of the corresponding nitrocompounds with zinc and ammonium chloride in a two phase ethylacetate-water system at room temperature, but 2-nitro-3,6 dimethoxybenzaldeyhde (4b) is converted into the anthranil 11 under these conditions. The N-acylated compounds derived from 1a and 8c exist exclusively as the cyclic tautomers (6a-c and 9a) in solution and inthe solid state, whereas the N-acetyl compound 9b is in equilibriumwith the open chain form 10 in solution, but only the cyclic form ispresent in the solid state. The N-acylated-o-hydroxylaminobenzaldehydes undergo a novel internal redox reaction on thermolysis generating o-acylaminobenzoic acids which are converted into 2-substituted-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones (e.g., 6b→12b→13b) to a greater or lesser extent under the reaction conditions.Resumen. Soluciones de o-hidroxilaminobenzaldehídos (1a, 8c, 8d)en acetato de etilo se pueden generar por medio de la reducción delcorrespondiente compuesto nitro con zinc y cloruro de amonio en unsistema bifásico de acetato de etilo-agua a temperatura ambiente, sinembargo, el 2-nitro-3,6-dimetoxibenz-aldehido (4b) se convierte en elantralino 11 bajo estas condiciones. Los compuestos N-aciladosderivados de 1a y 8c existen exclusivamente como los tautómeroscíclicos (6a-c y 9a) en solución y en el estado sólido, mientras que elcompuesto N-acetilo 9b esta en equilibrio con la forma abierta 10 ensolución, pero solo la forma cíclica está presente en el estado sólido.Los N-acilados o-hidroxil- aminobenzaldehídos sufren una nuevareacción oxidoreductiva interna bajo termólisis generando ácidos oacilaminobenzóicos los cuales son convertidos en 2-substituidos-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-onas (e.g., 6b→12b→13b) en mayor o menorgrado, bajo las condiciones de reacción.
On-line Solid-Phase Extraction-Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Determination of Carbofuran and 7-Phenolcarbofuran in Cervical-Uterine Epithelial Tissue
Authors: Vera-Avila Luz E. , Macías-Mendoza Diana , Covarrubias-Herrera Rosario , Vel´ázques-Ramírez José G.
Published: March 2024

Abstract. A method for the trace level determination of carbofuranand 7-phenolcarbofuran in cervical-uterine epithelial tissue samples isproposed. The finely chopped tissue is methanol extracted in an ultrasonic bath; the extract is evaporated, diluted with water and acidified to eliminate hydrophobic impurities by precipitation. Preconcentration and additional cleanup are carried out in a polymeric(PLRP-S) precolumn by loading the filtrated extract and successivelywashing with acetonitrile-water 5:95 (v/v) and 0.01 M aqueous ammonia. The precolumn is finally on-line eluted and analysed by reverse-phase HPLC with UV detection at 280 nm. Recoveries >90% and relative standard deviation of ∼12% were obtained in the analysis of non-contaminated tissue samples spiked at 0.2 μg/g of the pesticideand metabolite. Absolute limits of detection were 20 ng of analytein a cervical biopsy (150-950 mg of epithelial tissue). Application to the analysis of three samples from countrywomen exposed to carbofuran revealed the probable presence of 7-phenolcarbofura in two of them.Resumen. Se propone un método para determinación de carbofuranoy 7-fenolcarbofurano a niveles traza en muestras de tejido epitelialcérvico-uterino. El tejido finamente dividido se extrae con metanol por ultrasonido; el extracto se evapora, diluye con agua y acidificapara eliminar impurezas hidrofóbicas por precipitación. La preconcentración y purificación adicional se realizan en una precolumnapolimérica (PLRP-S) mediante la carga del extracto filtrado y lavadossucesivos con acetonitrilo-agua 5:95 (v/v) y solución acuosa de amoniaco0.01 M. Finalmente, la precolumna se eluye en línea y analiza por cromatografía de líquidos en fase reversa con detección UV a 280 nm. Las recuperaciones obtenidas en el análisis de muestras de tejido no contaminado fortificadas con el pesticida y el metabolito a 0.2 μg/g fueron >90% con desviación estándar relativa de ∼12%. Los límites absolutos de detección fueron de 20 ng de analito en una biopsia cervical (150-950 mg de tejido epitelial). La aplicación del método en el análisis de tres muestras, provenientes de mujeres campesinas expuestas al carbofurano, reveló la probable presencia de 7-fenolcarbofurano en dos de ellas.
Microwave-assisted Synthesis, Crystal and Molecular Structure, and DFT Study of 1-(2-aminoethyl)-2-imidazolidinethione
Authors: Höpfl Herbert , Gómez Badhin , Martínez-Palou Rafael
Published: March 2024

Abstract. A fast microwave-assisted procedure for synthesizing 1-(2-aminoethyl)-2-imidazolidinethione (1) is described. The crystal and molecular structure was determined. The combination of an X-raycrystallographic study and theoretical calculations (DFT) providedinsight into the understanding of the high performance of this compound as low toxicity corrosion inhibitor.Resumen. Se describe un método rápido de síntesis asistida pormicroondas para la preparación de 1-(2-aminoetil)-2-imidazolidíntiona(1). La combinación del estudio cristalográfico por difracción de rayos X y los cálculos teóricos (DFT) proporcionan información para entender el alto desempeño de este compuesto como inhibidor de la corrosión de baja toxicidad.
Synthesis of Tramadol and Analogous
Authors: Alvarado Cuauhtémoc , Guzmán Ángel , Díaz Eduardo , Patiño Rocío
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Tramadol is a drug with analgesic properties. This compoundand five of its analogous were synthesized: N-demethyl (M2), O-demethyl (M1), O-ethyl-O-demethyl, O-benzyl-O-demethyl and Nbenzyl-N-demethyl. All compounds were prepared as their hydrochlorides and as racemic mixtures. The synthesis started with the aminoketones; 2-(N-benzyl, N-methyl)aminomethyl cyclohexanone and 2-dimethylaminomethyl cyclohexanone, prepared by means of a Mannich reaction of cyclohexanone, paraformaldehyde and the corresponding amino hydrochloride. The aminoketones were coupled with the organolithium compounds derived from the corresponding 3-bromoalkoxybenzenes.Resumen. El tramadol es un fármaco con propiedades analgésicas. Este compuesto y cinco de sus análogos fueron sintetizados: Ndesmetil (M2), O-desmetil (M1), O-etil-O-desmetil, O-bencil-Odesmetil y N-bencil-N-desmetil. Los compuestos fueron preparados como sus clorhidratos, en forma de mezcla racémica. La síntesis comenzó con la preparación de 2-(N-bencil, N-metil)aminometil ciclohexanona y 2-dimetilaminometil ciclohexanona mediante la reacción de Mannich de la ciclohexanona, paraformaldehido y el clorhidrato de la amina correspondiente. Las aminocetonas así obtenidas, fueron acopladas con los derivados organolitiados provenientes de la reacción de n-butillitio con los m-bromoalcoxibencenos correspondientes.
Electromicrogravimmetric Study of the Effect of Cl– Anions on Thallium Underpotential Deposition Onto Gold
Authors: Montes-Rojas Antonio , Chainet Eric
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The effect of chloride adsorption on underpotential depositionof thallium onto gold electrode was studied using cyclic voltammetrycoupled with microgravimetry. The results obtained suggest the existence of two potential regions with different processes occurringduring Tl UPD in the presence of anions. In the first zone, at low coverage, there are two simultaneously occurring processes: desorptionof all chloride atoms, which are adsorbed on the gold substrate prior to the onset of Tl UPD, and thallium adsorption on the energetically most favorable sites (grain boundaries, steps, etc) present on the electrode surface. During these processes a strong interaction among thallium atoms is induced by the presence of chloride atoms on the adjacent sites. This strong interaction generates sharper current peaks in the voltammogram, associated with the above processes, and theirdisplacement towards cathodic potentials proportional to the anionconcentration. However, in the second potential zone at high coverage,the adsorption of thallium atoms takes place on the least accessiblesites (terraces) on the gold substrate. In this type of sites, the effect of the presence of chloride atoms on the UPD process is unimportant.Resumen. El efecto de la co-adsorción de los aniones cloruro sobre laformación del depósito en subpotencial de talio sobre electrodo de oro fue estudiado por el acoplamiento de la voltamperometría cíclica a la microbalanza de cuarzo. Los resultados obtenidos ponen en evidenciados zonas de potencial en las que ocurren procesos diferentes durante la formación del depósito UPD de talio en presencia de cloruros. En la primera zona, a bajos recubrimientos, se produce simultáneamente la desorción de todos los iones cloruro, que ya recubrían la superficie del electrodo antes de iniciar la formación de la monocapa de talio, y la adsorción de los átomos metálicos de talio en los sitios energéticamente más accesibles (tipo escalón, hueco, etc.). Durante este proceso se produce una fuerte interacción entre los átomos metálicos adsorbidos sobre el sustrato debido a la presencia de los aniones cloruros adsorbidos que se mantienen en los sitios adyacentes. Esta interacción se refleja en picos de corriente más agudos y a un desplazamiento hacia potenciales menos positivos en el voltamperograma. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que este proceso es dependiente de la concentración del anión en solución. En cuanto a la segunda zona de potencial, a altos grados de recubrimiento, sólo se produce la adsorción de los átomos de talio en los sitios menos energéticamente accesibles (tipo terraza) sin una influencia importante de los iones cloruro.
Studies on the Selective S-oxidation of Albendazole, Fenbendazole, Triclabendazole, and Other Benzimidazole Sulfides
Authors: Soria-Arteche Olivia , Castillo Rafael , Hernández-Campos Alicia , Hurtado-de la Peña Marcela , Navarrete-Vázquez Gabriel , Medina-Franco José Luis , Gómez-Flores Kathia
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The selective S-oxidation of albendazole, fenbendazole, and other benzimidazole sulfides with sodium periodate in acid medium,afforded the corresponding sulfoxides or sulfones. In contrast,triclabendazole and other 2-methylthiobenzimidazole derivatives could not be S-oxidized under the same smooth conditions with this reagent, but with MCPBA, a stronger oxidizing agent.Resumen. La oxidación selectiva de albendazol, fenbendazol, y otrossulfuros bencimidazólicos con peryodato de sodio en medio ácido dalos correspondientes sulfóxidos y sulfonas. En contraste, triclabendazoly otros derivados de 2-metiltiobencimidazoles no pueden ser oxidadosbajo las mismas condiciones suaves con este reactivo, pero sí con un agente oxidante fuerte como MCPBA.
Chrysophanol, an Antimicrobial Anthraquinone from the Root Extract of Colubrina greggii
Authors: García-Sosa Karlina , Villareal-Alvarez Ninibe , Lübben Petra , Peña-Rodríguez Luis M.
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The methanolic extract of the root of Colubrina greggii S. Watson showed antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis andStaphylococcus aureus. The bioassay-guided purification of the organic crude extract resulted in the isolation and identification ofchrysophanol (1,8-dihydroxy-3-methylanthracenedione), as the metabolite responsible for the antimicrobial activity.Resumen. El extracto metanólico de las raíces de Colubrina greggii S. Watson mostró actividad antibacteriana contra Bacillus subtilis y Staphylococcus aureus. La purificación biodirigida del extracto orgánico crudo de las raíces permitió el aislamiento y la identificación de crisofanol (1,8-dihydroxy-3-methylanthracenediona) como el metabolito responsable de la actividad antimicrobiana.
Catalytic Activity of Rhodium (I) Complexes with Bidentate Phosphinic Ligands in the Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Alycyclic Substrates
Authors: Montalvo Liliana , Bolaños Alberto , Cabrera Armando
Published: March 2024

Abstract. RhCl(dppe)2, RhCl(dppp)2 and RhCl(dppb)2, where dppe = diphenylphosphinoethane; dppp = diphenylphosphinopropane; dppb= diphenylphosphinobutane complexes were prepared by treating RhCl3.3H2O with the appropriate di(tertiaryphosphine). These complexes were used as catalytic precursors in the hydrogenation of limonene, camphene and 1,5- cyclooctadiene at different concentrations and temperatures. It was found that the Rhodium complex having dppp as ligand was the best catalytic precursor.Resumen. Los complejos RhCl(dppe)2, RhCl(dppp)2 y RhCl(dppb)2 donde dppe = difenilfosfino etano; dppp = difenilfosfinopropano;dppb = difenilfosfinobutano fueron preparados por el tratamiento del RhCl3.3H2O con las fosfinas diterciarias apropiadas. Estos complejos fueron usados como precursores catalíticos en las reacciones de hidrogenación de limoneno, canfeno y 1,5-ciclooctadieno a diferentes concentraciones y temperaturas. Se encontró que el mejor precursor catalítico es el complejo de Rodio con el ligante dppp.
CF3S-Platinum(II) Complexes with Fluorinated Dithioethers. Molecular Structures of [Pt(SCF3)2(RfSCH2CH2SRf)] Rf = C6H4F-2 and C6H4F-3
Authors: Cervantes Ruy , Duran Ubaldo , Bernès Sylvain , Torrens Hugo
Published: March 2024

Abstract. This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of the platinum(II) compounds cis-[Pt(SCF3)2(RfSCH2CH2SRf)] Rf = C6F5 1, C6HF4-4 2, C6H4F-2 3, C6H4F-3 4, C6H4F-4 5 and C6H4(CF3)-3 6. Variable temperature 19F NMR spectra of these complexes, show the presence and interconvertion of syn and anti isomers, consistent with a fast flipping of the metalocycle ring and a slow inversion of configuration at the dithioether sulfur atoms. The molecular and crystalline structures of the compounds [Pt(SCF3)2(2-C6H4FSCH2 CH2SC6H4F-2)] 3 and [Pt(SCF3)2(3-C6H4FSCH2CH2SC6H4F-3)] 4, solved by X-ray diffraction are also described.
 
Resumen. En este artículo se describen la síntesis y caracterización de los compuestos de platino(II) cis-[Pt(SCF3)2(RfSCH2CH2SRf)], Rf = C6F5 1, C6HF4-4 2, C6H4F-2 3, C6H4F-3 4, C6H4F-4 5 y C6H4(CF3)-3 6. Para estos compuestos, los espectros de RMN de 19F obtenidos a diferentes temperaturas, muestran la presencia e interconversión de isómeros syn y anti, consistente con un cambio conformacional rápido del metalociclo y una inversión de configuración lenta en los átomos de azufre del ditioeter. Se describen también las estructuras cristalinas y moleculares de los compuestos [Pt(SCF3)2(2-C6H4FSCH2 CH2SC6H4F-2)] 3 y [Pt(SCF3)2(3-C6H4FSCH2CH2SC6H4F-3)] 4, determinadas mediante difracción de rayos-X.
Mono and Dinuclear Cadmium(II) Complexes with the Ligand cis-2,4,5-tri(2-pyridyl)imidazoline
Authors: Campos-Gaxiola José J. , Höpfl Herbert , Para-Hake Miguel
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The polypyridyl ligand cis-2,4,5-tri(2-pyridyl)imidazoline (L) is found to form Cd(II) complexes of different nuclearity, [Cd(L)(NO3)2(MeOH)] (1) and [Cd(μ-L)Cl2]2 (2), behaving as a tridentate ligand. The X-ray diffraction analysis of 1 shows a mononuclear complex, while the structure of 2 consists of a dinuclear complex with two L ligands bridging the two metal centres. Intra and intermolecular hydrogen bonds are observed in 1 forming 1-D chains, as well as one intramolecular CH--π interaction. In 2 only oneintramolecular π-π interaction is observed.
 
Resumen. El ligando polipiridínico cis-2,4,5-tri(2-piridil)imidazolina (L) forma complejos de Cd(II) con diferente nuclearidad, [Cd(L)(NO3)2(MeOH)] (1) y [Cd(μ-L)Cl2]2 (2), comportándose de manera tridentada. La estructura de 1 muestra un complejo mononuclear, mientras que la de 2 consiste de un complejo dinuclear con L como puente entre dos centros metálicos. En 1 se observan enlaces de hidrógeno intramoleculares e intermoleculares formando cadenas 1-D, así como una interacción del tipo CH--π. En la estructura del complejo 2 se observa sólo una interacción del tipo π-π intramolecular.
Preparation, Characterization and Salt Rejection of Negatively Charged Polyamide Nanofiltration Membranes
Authors: Wai Lin Shui , Pérez Sicairos Sergio , Félix Navarro Rosa María
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Four thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide negatively charged nanofiltration (NF) membranes (NF-PS-1, NF-PS-2, NF-PS-3 and NF-PS-4) were prepared via interfacial polymerization technique which involved the formation of a polyamide thin film at the interfacial polysulfone (PS) microporous substrate between two immiscible liquid phases; an aqueous phase containing piperazine and an organic phase containing trimesoyl chloride (TMC = 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 wt%). Correlations of the intrinsic properties of these four NF filtration membranes, in regarding to the physical structures, surface negative charge density, pure water flux, pore size and the NF filtration performances, on the composition of the weight-% of TMC in the organic phase were investigated. Experimental results clearly demonstrated that NF membrane prepared from using 1.0 wt-% of TMC in hexane phase (i.e., NF-PS-3) gave a much higher salt rejections on salt containing negative divalent salts like Na2SO4 and MgSO4; the maximum rejection of Na2SO4 and MgSO4 were both to be 99.6 % for NF-PS-3 (TMC = 1.0 wt-%) while the rejections of Na2SO4 and MgSO4 for the rest of the three NF membranes were in the order of NF-PS-2 (TMC = 0.50 wt-%) > NF-PS-1 (TMC = 0.25 wt-%) > NF-PS-4 (TMC = 2.00 wt-%). Effects of the pH of the feed and the applied filtration pressure on the MgSO4 rejection were also investigated for this series of nanofiltration membranes.
 
Resumen. Se preprararon cuatro membranas de nanofiltración (NFPS-1, NF-PS-2, NF-PS-3, NF-PS-4) de película delgada (TFC) de poliamida cargadas negativamente, mediante la técnica de polimerización interfacial, la cual implica la formación de una película delgada en la interfase de un sustrato microporoso de polisulfona (PS) entre dos fases líquidas inmiscibles; una fase acuosa que contiene piperazina y una fase orgánica que contiene tricloruro de mesoilo (TMC) a diferentes concentraciones (0.25, 0.50. 1.00 y 2.00 % peso). Se investigaron las correlaciones entre las propiedades intrínsecas de las cuatro membranas de NF y la composición de la fase orgánica (% peso de TMC). Las propiedades estudiadas fueron; estructura física, densidad de carga superficial negativa, flujo a través de la membrana de agua pura, tamaño de poro y capacidad de filtración de las membranas. Los resultados experimentales demostraron claramente que la membrana de NF preparada con la solución que contiene 1.0 % de TMC (NF-PS-3) presenta mayor remoción de sales cuando tienen iones divalentes como el Na2SO4 y MgSO4; la máxima remoción de Na2SO4 y MgSO4 fue de 99.6 % para ambas sales, mientras que para las tres membranas restantes, el orden de remoción de las sales fue NF-PS-2 (TMC = 0.50 % peso) > NF-PS-1 (TMC = 0.25 % peso) > NF-PS-4 (TMC = 2.00 % peso). También se investigaron los efectos del pH de la solución alimentada al sistema y de la presión de filtración aplicada sobre la remoción de MgSO4 para esta serie de membranas de nanofiltración.
Enzymatic Activity in Tomato Fruits as a Response to Chemical Elicitors
Authors: Ortega-Ortiz Hortensia , Benavides-Mendoza Adalberto , Mendoza-Villareal Rosalinda , Ramírez-Rodríguez Homero , De Alba Romenus Karim
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The objective of this work was the evaluation of the peroxidase and catalase level of activity in the protein extract of tomato in response to different treatments with chemical elicitors in different stages of tomato development. The elicitor compounds chitosan at 0.1% (w/v), 0.1 mM salicylic acid and 0.1 mM benzoic acid were sprayed on tomato fruits without applying them in the leaves and stems of the plant. The elicitors were sprayed at one of the following stages: fruit set, fruit growth and phase 3 of fruit ripening. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and peroxidase was determined in the phase 4 of fruit ripening, being found an increase in the activity of both enzymes upon applying the elicitors in certain stages of the fruit development. The chitosan applied during fruit growing, and the salicylic acid applied during fruit set increased the activity of catalase. The peroxidase activity increased significantly upon applying chitosan during fruit set and fruit growing, finding a smaller effect for the salicylic acid. Benzoic acid did not modify the peroxidase or catalase activity.
 
Resumen. El objetivo de este trabajo fue la evaluación del nivel de la actividad de peroxidasa y catalasa en extracto proteínico de tomate en respuesta a los diferentes tratamientos con inductores químicos en diferentes estados de desarrollo del tomate. En forma exógena se aplicaron los inductores de tolerancia quitosano al 0.1 %, ácido salicílico 0.1 mM y ácido benzoico 0.1 mM en frutos de tomate sin aplicarlos en las hojas y tallos de la planta. Los compuestos inductores se aplicaron mediante aspersión a los racimos fructificados en alguna de las siguientes etapas: amarre, llenado y etapa 3 de la maduración del fruto. La actividad de las enzimas antioxidantes catalasa y peroxidasa se determinó en la etapa 4 de maduración, encontrándose aumento en la actividad de ambas enzimas al aplicar los inductores en ciertas etapas del crecimiento del fruto. El quitosano aplicado en el llenado de fruto y el ácido salicílico durante el amarre incrementaron la actividad de catalasa. La actividad de peroxidasa aumentó significativamente al aplicar quitosano en el amarre y llenado de fruto encontrando un efecto menor para el ácido salicílico. El ácido benzoico no modificó la actividad de catalasa o peroxidasa.
Aspectos Sócio-Religiosos de uma Diocese do Brasil
Authors: Rolim Antônio
Published: March 2024

Em carta dirigida ao Exmo. Sr. Bispo de São João da Boa Vista, data de 14-2-1962, o Exmo. Sr. Núncio Apostólico assim apreciou o trabalho de Frei Antônio Rolim, O.P.: “Trata-se de um estudo sério, sereno, objetivo e bastante completo, o primeiro no gênero, feito no Brasil. Tem agora Vossa Excelência uma visão conjunta da situação real da Diocese, com seus problemas demográficos e religiosos. Esta visão objetiva muito pode contribuir para solucionar, do melhor modo possível, os problemas mais urgentes”...
Expert system for improving and controlling insulation system of service transformers using fuzzy logic controller
Authors: David Chigozie Madumere  , Evans C. Ashigwuike  , N.B. Gafai
Published: March 2024

Implementation of the smart transformer concept is critical for the deployment of IOT-based smart grids. Top manufacturers of power electrics develop and adopt online monitoring systems. Such systems become part of high-voltage grid and unit transformers. However, furnace transformers are a broad category that this change does not affect yet. At the same time, adoption of diagnostic systems for furnace transformers is relevant because they are a heavy-duty application with no redundancy. Creating any such system requires a well-founded mathematical analysis of the facility’s condition, carefully selected diagnostic parameters, and set points thereof, which serve as the condition categories. The goal hereof was to create an expert system to detect insulation breach and its expansion as well as to evaluate the risk it poses to the system; the core mechanism is mathematical processing of trends in partial discharge (PD). This research work examined the acidity of distribution transformer oil in service through laboratory tests using a case study of installed distribution transformers at Abuja metropolis network comprising ten Feeders. The result shows the minimum breakdown voltage of 40KV/mm and maximum breakdown voltage of 58KV/mm. The maximum transformer oil Acidity is 0.1143mgKOH/g and the minimum transformer oil Acidity level is 0.0954mgKOH/g. The transformer efficiency without fuzzy is 82.89% and transformer efficiency with fuzzy controller is 98.10%.
An intelligent control for reducing third-party interference in oil and gas pipeline using Deep Q-Networks (DQN)
Authors: Emem Patrick Ekpo  , James Eke
Published: March 2024

A nation's economic survival depends on its oil and gas pipelines. They must therefore be carefully inspected in order to enhance their efficiency and prevent product losses during the transportation of petroleum products. They could, however, fail, having negative effects on the environment, the economy, and safety. Therefore, evaluating the pipe's condition and quality would be extremely important. This research work performed an intelligent control for reducing third-party interference in oil and gas pipeline using Deep Q-Networks (DQN). The learning curve shows a steady improvement, indicating that the algorithm progressively learned and improved its performance over time. This observation demonstrates the effectiveness of the DQN algorithm in adapting and optimizing control strategies. Overall, the results of the analysis indicate that the DQN algorithm holds promise for mitigating third-party interference in oil pipelines.
Navigating the double bind: Strategies for women leaders in overcoming stereotypes and leadership biases
Authors: Chidinma Favour Chikwe  , Nkechi Emmanuella Eneh  , Chidiogo Uzoamaka Akpuokwe
Published: March 2024

Women leaders often face a "double bind," a phenomenon where they are expected to exhibit both stereotypically feminine traits (e.g., warmth, empathy) and stereotypically masculine traits (e.g., assertiveness, ambition) to be perceived as effective leaders. This abstract explores strategies for women leaders to navigate this double bind, challenging stereotypes and biases to achieve leadership success. The abstract begins by acknowledging the pervasive nature of gender stereotypes and biases in leadership, highlighting their impact on women's advancement in leadership roles. Research suggests that women who conform too closely to feminine stereotypes may be perceived as lacking in leadership qualities, while those who adopt more masculine traits may be viewed as lacking in warmth and likability. This double bind poses a significant challenge for women leaders, requiring them to navigate a narrow path to leadership success. To overcome the double bind, women leaders can employ a range of strategies. One approach is to adopt an "androgynous" leadership style, incorporating both stereotypically feminine and masculine traits as appropriate. By demonstrating a balance of warmth and assertiveness, women can challenge traditional gender stereotypes and expand perceptions of effective leadership. Additionally, women leaders can leverage their unique strengths and experiences to differentiate themselves in leadership roles. Emphasizing qualities such as empathy, collaboration, and emotional intelligence can help women leaders build trust and rapport with their teams, enhancing their effectiveness as leaders. Furthermore, women leaders can benefit from mentorship and networking opportunities to navigate the challenges of leadership. Building a strong support network of mentors, sponsors, and peers can provide women with valuable guidance, feedback, and advocacy in their leadership journey. In conclusion, navigating the double bind requires women leaders to challenge stereotypes and biases, adopt a balanced leadership approach, and leverage their unique strengths and experiences. By employing these strategies, women can overcome barriers to leadership success and contribute to creating more inclusive and diverse leadership cultures.
A comprehensive review of leveraging cloud-native technologies for scalability and resilience in software development
Authors: Oyekunle Claudius Oyeniran  , Oluwole Temidayo Modupe  , Aanuoluwapo Ayodeji Otitoola  , Oluwatosin Oluwatimileyin Abiona  , Adebunmi Okechukwu Adewusi  , Oluwatayo Jacob Oladapo
Published: March 2024

In the landscape of modern software development, the demand for scalability and resilience has become paramount, particularly with the rapid growth of online services and applications. Cloud-native technologies have emerged as a transformative force in addressing these challenges, offering dynamic scalability and robust resilience through innovative architectural approaches. This paper presents a comprehensive review of leveraging cloud-native technologies to enhance scalability and resilience in software development. The review begins by examining the foundational concepts of cloud-native architecture, emphasizing its core principles such as containerization, microservices, and declarative APIs. These principles enable developers to build and deploy applications that can dynamically scale based on demand while maintaining high availability and fault tolerance. Furthermore, the review explores the key components of cloud-native ecosystems, including container orchestration platforms like Kubernetes, which provide automated management and scaling of containerized applications. Additionally, it discusses the role of service meshes in enhancing resilience by facilitating secure and reliable communication between microservices. Moreover, the paper delves into best practices and patterns for designing scalable and resilient cloud-native applications, covering topics such as distributed tracing, circuit breaking, and chaos engineering. These practices empower developers to proactively identify and mitigate potential failure points, thereby improving the overall robustness of their systems. This review underscores the significance of cloud-native technologies in enabling software developers to build scalable and resilient applications. By embracing cloud-native principles and adopting appropriate tools and practices, organizations can effectively meet the evolving demands of modern software development in an increasingly dynamic and competitive landscape.
Study of geotropism versus hydrotropism in green bean radicles (Vigna radiata L.) by Oblique Olfactometer method
Authors: Hanifa Marisa  , Sarno  , Eka Desriani
Published: March 2024

Plants respond to external stimuli which often involve constant movement of the plant. The movement of plant organs in response to external stimuli is responsible for the production of energy sources. Research on the nature of the radicle tropics aims to find out whether the roots actually grow downwards due to geotropism or hydrotropism. The mung bean species (Vigna radiata L.) is used because the germination process of this species does not require a long time and the seeds of this species are suitable for growing on olfactometer planting media and are suitable for growing in the climatic and geographical conditions in Indonesia. The method chosen in this research is the tilted olfactometer method, which is a planting method carried out using an aquarium hose and olfactometer connector which is tilted 30 degrees because this research aims to see the direction of growth of the radicles of mung beans (Vigna radiata L.) so this method was chosen; because the seeds can be positioned in the three-pronged olfactometer at an angle so that the final growth results can be distinguished between the tendency of the geotropism factor or the hydrotropism factor. It is proved that radicles tips would growth upward to wet cotton, against the geotropic effect.
Inclusion of refugees in mainstream schools: Existing policies, the role of school leadership, student perspectives, and recommendations for enhancement
Authors: Pinelopi Christani  , Dimitris Raftopoulos
Published: March 2024

In recent years, there has been observed a significant influx of refugees, mainly from Eastern countries to European states, and especially to Greece, due to its geographical location. As a result, new needs and challenges have arisen in contemporary societies regarding the attitude towards refugees at multiple social levels. One of these levels, which this paper addresses, is the pedagogical treatment of students of different ethnic backgrounds.
A review of AI-driven pedagogical strategies for equitable access to science education
Authors: Chima Abimbola Eden  , Olabisi Oluwakemi Adeleye  , Idowu Sulaimon Adeniyi
Published: March 2024

Access to quality science education is essential for equitable development and advancement in society. However, disparities in access to science education persist, particularly among marginalized and underserved populations. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers innovative solutions to address these disparities by enhancing pedagogical strategies that promote equitable access to science education. This review examines AI-driven pedagogical strategies aimed at improving equitable access to science education. The review explores how AI technologies, such as machine learning, natural language processing, and computer vision, can be leveraged to personalize learning experiences, provide real-time feedback, and enhance engagement among students from diverse backgrounds.AI-driven personalized learning platforms can adapt to individual learning styles and pace, ensuring that each student receives tailored instruction. These platforms can also provide additional support to students facing learning challenges, thus promoting inclusivity and equity in science education. Furthermore, AI-driven assessment tools can provide educators with insights into student performance and comprehension, enabling them to identify areas for improvement and provide targeted interventions. Additionally, AI can facilitate collaborative learning environments, allowing students to work together irrespective of their physical location, thus breaking down geographical barriers to access. However, the implementation of AI-driven pedagogical strategies raises ethical considerations, such as data privacy and algorithmic bias, which must be carefully addressed to ensure equitable access to science education for all students. In conclusion, AI-driven pedagogical strategies have the potential to revolutionize science education by enhancing personalized learning, providing real-time feedback, and fostering inclusive learning environments. However, careful consideration must be given to the ethical implications of AI implementation to ensure that these technologies are used responsibly and equitably.
Analyzing the spatial relationship between land surface temperature and elevation in three gullies locations in southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Jeremiah Uriah Richard  , Ibochi Andrew Abah  , Godwill Tamunobiekiri Pepple  , Francis York Newton
Published: March 2024

Gully erosion is a dangerous phenomenon that threatened human existence, plants and animals communities. Families are being separated from their ancestral home and livelihood due to gully erosion. Also, available agricultural lands to combat food insecurity are contently depleted on yearly basis across the globe as a result of gullies menace. Southeastern Nigeria is highly vulnerable to gully erosions due to it geology and studies on spatial relationships between gully LST and elevation has not been carried out, particular by applying remote sensing and GIS technique to investigate it variations. Available studies where limited to mapping and causes of gully erosion in the region. The study applies LST and elevation data to investigate correlation on three gullies locations. LST was derived from Landsat data and was first converted to radiance image while the elevation data was obtained from Google Earth image. Elevation data was used to produce raster surface in that cell values equivalent to LST at every point can be extracted. Three sets of paired sample points of LST and elevation was extracted from the three gullies locations and used to compute correlation coefficient (r). The study observed at Nanka gully a strong negative correlation of -0.665. This implies an increase in LST correspond to decrease in elevation within the gully. At Ekwolobia and Aguluezechukwu gullies sites, positive correlation coefficient of 0.692 and 0.910 were obtained. The positive correlation coefficients implied that LST and elevation increase or decrease within the gullies. This might be due to unequal distribution of radiation within gully surface as a result of three canopies. For further study, it is recommended that improve elevation data source like LiDAR elevation data should be use to investigate spatial correlation between LST and elevation at gully location.
Classification of music genre using support vector machine and convolutional neural network
Authors: Raj Kumar Pattanaik  , Answeta Jaiswal
Published: March 2024

Music is an art of combining rhythms, melodies, harmony, and form and also an art of expressing content. Almost all people in this world love Music. This depends on the person and what type of Music he likes to listen to. Either it will be Classical, melodious rock Hip-hop, or some other class of genre. The task of classifying music files based on genre is extremely difficult, especially in the area of MIR (Music Information Retrieval). The approach involves deep learning, where CNN and SVM models are trained end-to-end using a spectrogram to classify a signal's genre label. Every person has a different choice. In this paper, a set of Music is classified into different types of genres with the help of machine learning. A set of 1000 audio files containing 10 types of genres, with 100 audio files each has been taken. The audio features have been extracted using the Spectral roll-off, Chroma features, and zero Crossing Rate. Then, the model was predicted using different algorithms like Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). After the model is predicted using the algorithms, CNN outperformed SVM and gave an accuracy of 96.2%.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN LITERASI MATEMATIKA BERDASARKAN PADA ASPEK NORMA SOSIOMATEMATIK
Authors: Cahayani Ayu Budi Cahayani Budi , Maarif Samsul
Published: March 2024

This research aims to investigate the literacy abilities of students based on sociomathematics norms. The research method used is a case study. The subjects of this research consist of 3 selected students categorized as high, medium, and low achievers. The research incorporates a questionnaire, a written test, and interviews to assess the students' mathematical literacy abilities and their understanding of sociomathematics norms. The analytical technique employed includes the Rasch model for the questionnaire and test data, while the interview results were analyzed through reduction analysis, data gathering, and conclusions were facilitated using the MAXQDA application. The findings of the research indicate the following: 1) Students in the high category of mathematics literacy abilities also demonstrate high sociomathematics norms, and the same trend applies to the medium and lower categories; 2) The indicators of students' mathematics literacy abilities predominantly fall within levels 1, 2, and 4; 3) The indicators of sociomathematics norms among students primarily encompass mathematics experience, mathematics differences, and the effectiveness of mathematics. This research serves as a reference for readers seeking insights into the topic
ANALISIS KESALAHAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA BERDASARKAN KRITERIA WATSON DITINJAU DARI SEGI GENDER
Authors: Kumala Sari Sindy Putri , Wulantina Endah
Published: March 2024

This study aims to describe the types of student errors and the factors that cause students to make mistakes in solving word problems based on Watson's criteria in terms of gender. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The subjects of this study were class VIII students of SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Sekampung Udik consisting of male students who made the most types of mistakes and could communicate well and female students who had the most types of mistakes and were able to communicate well. The results of the analysis and discussion that have been carried out show that female students make 5 types of mistakes, namely inappropriate procedures (19.56%), missing conclusions (26.08%), level response conflicts (13.04%), skills hierarchy problems (17 .39%), and other than the seven categories above (23.91%). Meanwhile, male students made 6 types of errors, namely incorrect data (18.91%), inappropriate procedures (13.51%), lost conclusions (18.91%), response level conflicts (8.10%), problems skills hierarchy (10.81%), and other than the seven categories above (29.72%).
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL BARISAN DAN DERET BERBANTUAN LECTORA UNTUK MENGEKSPLOR KEMAMPUAN KONEKSI MATEMATIS SISWA SMK
Authors: Lisbadiyah Ulpah , Ratnaningsih Nani , Lestari Puji
Published: March 2024

The research produced an e-module of Lectora-assisted sequences and series to explore the mathematical connection abilities of Vocational High School students as well as to analyze and describe the quality of effectiveness of the mathematical connection abilities of Vocational High School students after using the Lectora-assisted sequence and series e-module. The method used in this study is the research and development method (Research & Development) with the ADDIE development model through the Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement and Evaluate stages to obtain a product that is valid and feasible to use. Based on the results of research and development, the researcher analyzes the stage conduct material and media needs analysis. At the design stage the researcher makes flowcharts and storyboards, designs test instruments, compiles validation sheets for material experts and media experts, creates user response questionnaires, the develop stage produces products that have been designed, conducts expert tests on material experts and media experts with validation results at category "very suitable for use", the implementation stage of the e-module is applied in learning activities to 27 students of class X Islamic Banking and the evaluate stage is known that the average value of students' mathematical connection abilities in the posttest is greater than the average value of students' mathematical connection abilities in pretest. The user response to the Lectora-assisted e-module is positive with the "very good" category. Effect Size (ES) test results obtained 1.45 "Strong Effect" category. Posttest results of students' mathematical connection abilities obtained as many as 66.7% of students with high criteria, 25.9% of students with medium criteria and 7.4% of students with low criteria. These results indicate that the Lectora-assisted sequence and series e-module in learning activities has a very good effect in exploring the mathematical connection abilities of SMK students.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TERHADAP PEMENUHAN SYARAT KUALITAS AIR MINUM PADA MASYARAKAT YANG TINGGAL DI BANTARAN SUNGAI KELURAHAN TERUSAN KECAMATAN MEMPAWAH HILIR
Authors: Juwairiyah Dzakiyyah  , Bambang Supraptono  , Susilawati Susilawati
Published: March 2024

Diarrhea in Mempawah Hilir is 5 times the national figure with a prevalence of 9.8%, while the prevalence rate in Mempawah Hilir in 2021 is 42%. One of the factors causing the high number of diarrhea cases is inadequate drinking water sources that are consumed inappropriately. The aim of this research is to describe knowledge and attitudes towards fulfilling drinking water quality requirements in communities living on the banks of the river of the Kelurahan Terusan, Kecamatan Mempawah Hilir. The method used in this research is a descriptive method by describing the knowledge and attitudes of the people who live in the riverbank area Kelurahan Terusan, Kecamatan Mempawah Hilir. The population of people living along the river is 539 families. The sample used in this research was 84 heads of families (KK). The results obtained in this research were that 32% of people had good knowledge, 52% had sufficient knowledge, and 16% had poor knowledge. People who have a good attitude are 95.24%, and 4.76% are sufficient. The conclusion of this research is that the people who live on the riverbanks of Kelurahan Terusan Kecamatan Mempawah Hilir 52% knowledge and 95.24% good attitudes.
EFEKTIFITAS PENYULUHAN DENGAN METODE CERAMAH TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP SISWA TENTANG PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI SMA NUSANTARA INDAH SINTANG KECAMATAN SINTANG TAHUN 2023
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Susilawati Susilawati , Fara Chitra
Published: March 2024

Permasalahan sampah tidak hanya terjadi di dalam rumah tangga, tetapi juga di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas peyuluhan dengan motode ceramah tehadap tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap siswa tentang pengelolaan sampah di sekolah SMA Nusantara Indah Sintang.    Rancangan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen semu (quasi experiment) dengan menggunakan bantuan instrumen daftar pertanyaan (kuesioner). Dimana sampel adalah total populasi yang berjumlah 94 orang, diukur pengetahuan dan sikap tentang pengelolaan sampah di SMA Nusantara Indah Sintang, kemudian di beri penyuluhan dengan metode ceramah, setelah itu di ukur kembali pengetahuan dan sikapnya. Hasil Penelitian ini adalah 57,45 % pengetahuan baik dan 95,74% sikap baik sebelum di beri penyuluhan dengan metode ceramah, dan 92,55% pengetahuan baik dan 100% sikap baik setelah di beri penyuluhan dengan metode ceramah. Kesimpulan penelitian ini, adalah metode ceramah dalam penyuluhan masih efektif digunakan. Dengan nilai pengetahuan Asymp sig (2-tailed) 0,000<0,005 dan sikap dengan nilai Asymp sig (2-tailed) 0,000<0,005.