bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penguatan Kader Kesehatan Melalui Edukasi Gizi dalam Mengatasi Anemia pada Ibu Hamil
Authors: Kumalasari Rizna
Published: January 2021

Anemia merupakan masalah yang dialami oleh 41,8% ibu hamil di dunia. Sekitar setengah dari kejadian anemia tersebut disebabkan karena defisiensi besi. Adapun prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil di dunia yaitu diperkirakan Afrika sebesar 57,1%, Asia 48,2% , Eropa 25,1% dan Amerika 24,1% (WHO 2015). Anemia pada ibu hamil berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan angka kesakitan dan kematian ibu dan janin yang dikandungnya. Kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat terhadap penyakit anemia pada ibu hamil menjadi satu permasalahan dalam pemberian dukungan terhadap klien anemia pada ibu hamil. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya edukasi untuk peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat tentang anemia pada ibu hamil serta diperlukan adanya suatu kegiatan untuk meningkatkan pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui kader kesehatan dalam mengenal, mencegah dan menangani anemia pada ibu hamil sehingga dukungan sosial berbasis masyarakat dapat ditingkatkan. Melalui upaya keterlibatan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat (kader kesehatan) ini diharapkan dukungan dalam upaya pencegahan dan penanganan anemia pada ibu hamil dapat meningkat. (Sukmawati S, 2018).
PEMBERDAYAAN POTENSI MASYARAKAT DAN KELUARGA SEBAGAI PERBAIKAN GIZI BALITA
Authors: R Ayu Sapitri
Published: January 2021

Masyarakat yang berdaya dalam bidang Kesehatan dapat mengendalikan diriterkait dengan keputusan dan Tindakan yang dapat berpengaruh pada kesehatannya.Pemberdayaan dalam bidang Kesehatan menekankan pada pemanfaatan potensi yangada di lingkungan sekitar untuk mengatasi masalah yang terjadi. PemberdayaanKesehatan di masyarakat merupakan segala upaya mandiri dalam meningkatkanpengetahuan dan kemampuan masyarakat dalam mengidentifikasi masalah,merencana, dan mencari pemecahannya dengan memanfaatkan potensi dan fasilitasdisekitarnya baik dari bidang yang berbeda maupun LSM dan tokoh masyarakat(Pramudyani, Vera et al., 2019).Masalah gizi merupakan gangguan pada beberapa segi kesejahteraanperorangan ataupun masyarakat yang disebabkan karena tidak terpenuhinya kebutuhanakan zat gizi yang diperoleh dari makanan. Makanan tersebut dapat berupa masalahgizi makro dan masalah gizi mikro. Berdasarkan antropometri, status gizi dapatdikelompokkan underweight (BB/U), stunting/ pendek (TB/U) dan wasting/kekurusan( BB/TB ) (Nursanti, 2018).
KEBUTUHAN TENAGA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI PUSKESMAS PADA ERA COVID 19
Authors: Ningsih Wirda Wahyu
Published: January 2021

Analisis beban kerja merupakan upaya menghitung beban kerja pada satuan kerja dengan cara menjumlah semua beban kerja dan selanjutnya membagi dengan kapasitas kerja perorangan persatuan waktu. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebutuhan tenaga kesehatan (paramedis) dengan menghitung perbedaan antara jumlah ideal tenaga paramedis (tenaga perawat dan tenaga farmasi) dengan kenyataan yang ada (WISN difference) serta menghitung beban kerja pada Unit Poliklinik Ass Syifaa UIN Alauddin Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif secara bersamaan untuk menganalisa beban kerja dan memperoleh jumlah tenaga paramedis yakni tenaga keperawatan dan kefarmasian berdasarkan metode Workload Indicator Staffing Need (WISN).
LRRC46 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that leucine rich repeat containing 46, encoded by LRRC46, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. LRRC46 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of LRRC46 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient distant metastasis-free and overall survival. Modulation of LRRC46 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
KURANG ENERGI KRONIS (KEK) PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR
Authors: Afriansyah Ahmad
Published: January 2021

Kurang Energi Kronik (KEK) merupakan bagian dari beberapa masalah gizi yang masih harus dihadapi di Indonesia dan sering terjadi pada wanita usia subur (WUS). KEK adalah suatu keadaan yang menggambarkan keadaan status gizi pada wanita usia subur dimana seorang individu mengalami kurangnyaasupan zat gizi terutama energi yang dapat diakibatkan oleh kurang terpenuhinya asupan makanan sesuai angka kebutuhan gizi indivitu
KEK PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR
Authors: Baharuddin Nur Afifah
Published: January 2021

artikel ini berisi informasi tentang KEK pada wanita usia subur
Đầu năm 2021, nhớ lại ngày này cách đây 3 năm
Authors: AISDL
Published: January 2021

Ba năm sau, lại vào lúc đầu năm, ngẫm ngợi tôi chợt tự hỏi: Nếu không có những sự kiện vào ngày đầu năm 2018, thì có gì thay đổi với cuộc đời không?
KEBUTUHAN TENAGA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI PUSKESMAS PADA ERA COVID19
Authors: Imcira Kurnia
Published: January 2021

catatan terkait dengan kebutuhan tenaga kesehatan masyarakat di pukesmas pada era covid19. yang dimana Puskesmas merupakan garda terdepan dalam memutus mata rantai penularan Covid-19 karena berada di setiap kecamatan dan memiliki konsep wilayah.
ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Handayani Dewi Sri
Published: January 2021

Kehamilan adalah masa ketika tubuh benar-benar perlu menjaga asupan makanan yang maksimal baik secara fisik maupun mental (untuk rileks dan bebas stres setiap saat). Wanita hamil biasanya mengeluh kelelahan, pusing, sesak nafas, wajah pucat dan keluhan lainnya. Semua keluhan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa ibu hamil menderita anemia selama kehamilan. Penyakit tersebut terjadi akibat rendahnya kandungan hemoglobin dalam tubuh selama kehamilan. Anemia selama hamil tidak lepas dari perubahan fisiologis yang terjadi selama kehamilan, usia janin, dan kondisi ibu hamil sebelumnya. Selama kehamilan, tubuh mengalami perubahan besar dan volume darah dalam tubuh meningkat sekitar 20-30%. Oleh karena itu, produksi hemoglobin membutuhkan peningkatan pasokan zat besi dan vitamin.
Kebutuhan Tenaga Kesehatan Masyarakat di PuskesmKebutuhan Tenaga Kesehatan Masyarakat di Puskesmas pada Era Covid19as pada Era Covid19
Authors: Amanda Nur Putri
Published: January 2021

Analisis beban kerja merupakan upaya menghitung beban kerja pada satuan kerja dengan cara menjumlah semua beban kerja dan selanjutnya membagi dengan kapasitas kerja perorang.
Classical Mathematical Integrated Information Theory
Authors: Sharma Siddharth
Published: January 2021

This paper is an attempt to give mathematical structure to classical integrated information theory by Masafumi Oizumi, Larissa Albantakis, Giulio Tononi, using the definition provided by Giulio Tononi and making few assumptions like the mechanisms are open subset of set of elements and system is the topology of the set of elements. This would make IIT accessible to a wide audience, with more formal basis who can then apply it to non-biological objects too.
KEJADIAN KEKURANGAN ENERGI KRONIK (KEK) PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR (WUS) DAN IBU HAMIL.docx
Authors: Ramadhani Nur Indah
Published: January 2021

Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK) masih menjadi permasalahan di Indonesia. Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK) adalah kondisi ketika seseorang mengalami kekurangan gizi yang berlangsung menahun (kronis) sehingga menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan (Prawita et al., 2017). Wanita dan anak-anak merupakan kelompok yang memiliki risiko paling tinggi mengalami Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK). Saat ini Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK) menjadi perhatian pemerintah dan tenaga kesehatan, karena seorang wanitas usia subur (WUS) yang mengalami KEK memiliki risiko tinggi untuk melahirkan anak yang juga akan mengalami KEK di kemudian hari. Disamping hal tersebut, kekurangan gizi menimbulkan masalah kesehatan morbiditas, mortalitas, dan disabilitas, juga menurunkan kualitas sumber daya manusia (SDM) suatu bangsa. Dalam skala yang lebih luas, kekurangan gizi dapat menjadi ancaman bagi ketahanan dan kelangsungan hidup suatu bangsa (Paramata & Sandalayuk, 2019).
Xuất bản nghiên cứu solo có ích lợi gì?
Authors: AISDL
Published: January 2021

Nghiên cứu solo có những giá trị như đã bàn, tuy nhiên với các nhà nghiên cứu khác nhau, giá trị nào quyết định quyết định solo là do yếu tố cá nhân: thói quen, tâm lý, cách sử dụng tài nguyên, v.v..
Book Review: Writing for Academic Journals Second Edition
Authors: Asrifan Andi , Ghofur Abd
Published: January 2021

Anyone who wants to get ahead in academic or professional life today knows that it’s a question of publish or perish. This applies to colleges, universities, and even hospital Trusts. Yet writing for publication is one of the many skills which isn’t formally taught. Once beyond undergraduate level, it’s normally assumed that you will pick up the necessary skills as you go along.Writing for Academic Journalsseeks to rectify this omission. Rowena Murray is an experienced writer on the subject (author of How to Write a Thesis and How to Survive Your Viva) and she is well aware of the time pressures people are under in their professional lives. What she has to say should be encouraging for those people in ‘new’ universities, people working in disciplines which have only recently been considered academic, and those in professions such as the health service which are under pressure to become more academic.
Pendampingan Pemantauan Dan Pemetaan Status Gizi Balita Oleh Kelompok Desa Sehat Di Kabupaten Jeneponto, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: ALAM SYAMSUL
Published: January 2021

Abstract.Community involvement in determining the nutritional status of toddlers through cadre Integrated Healthcare Center is still very limited, cadres are only able to weight the body and record it on the Toddler Health Card (KMS). The results of the weighing are analyzed by nutrition officers from the health center so that the cadres are not able to independently assess the nutritional status of toddlers at the Integrated Healthcare Center. The aim of the mentoring activity is to provide training and mentoring to healthy village groups that have been formed in the village of Ujung Bulu, Rumbia sub-district, Jeneponto Regency. The method used is the socialization of mentoring, capacity building training, monitoring assistance and mapping of the nutritional status of toddlers. The results of the activity show that the healthy village group has been able to collect data through nutritional anthropometric measurements of children under five which is marked by an increase in ability, skills, anthropometric measurement skills after training and mentoring. Assistance activities obtain data on the results of the assessment and mapping of nutritional status of toddlers in the village which can be used as a reference for the local government to intervene in the form of efforts to prevent and handle nutritional problems for toddlers. It is hoped that the activities from training and mentoring can be applied to routine activities at Integrated Healthcare Center.Abstrak. Keterlibatan masyarakat dalam menentukan status gizi balita melalui kader posyandu masih sangat terbatas, kader hanya mampu melakukan penimbangan berat badan dan mencatat dalam Kartu Menuju Sehat (KMS) Balita. Hasil penimbangan tersebut dianailis oleh petugas gizi dari puskesmas sehingga kader belum mampu secara mandiri menilai status gizi balita di posyandu. Tujuan kegiatan pendampingan adalah untuk memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada kelompok desa sehat yang telah terbentuk di desa ujung bulu kecamatan rumbia kab.jeneponto. Metode yang digunakan yaitu sosialisasi pendampingan, pelatihan peningkatan kapasitas, pendampingan pemantauan dan pemetaan status gizi balita. hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa kelompok desa sehat telah mampu melakukan pengumpulan data melalui pengukuran antropometri gizi pada anak baklita yang ditandai dengan adanya peningkatan kemampuan, skill, keterampilan kelompok desa sehat yang telah diberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan. Dari Kegiatan pendampingan diperoleh data gambaran hasil penilaian dan pemetaan status gizi anak balita di desa yang dapat digunakan sebagai acuan bagi pemerintah setempat untuk melakukan intervensi baik berupa upaya pencegahan maupun penanganan terhadap permasalah gizi balita. Kegiatan dari pelatihan dan pendapaingan diharapkan dapat diaplikasikan pada kegiatan rutin penimbangan balita di posyandu.
PENGUATAN KADER KESEHATAN MELALUI EDUKASI GIZI DALAM MENGATASI ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Ako Elma Nugra Amalia
Published: January 2021

Kasus anemia pada ibu hamil di Indonesia termasuk tinggi. Fenomena tingginya angka kematian ibu dan anak sering terjadi pada negara berkembang. Anemia sering terjadi akibat defisiensi zat besi karena pada ibu hamil terjadi peningkatan kebutuhan zat besi dua kali lipat akibat peningkatan volume darah tanpa ekspansi volume plasma, untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ibu (mencegah kehilangan darah pada saat melahirkan ) dan pertumbuhan janin. Adapun strategi dan penanggulangan anemia pada ibu hamil yang harus diketahui antara lain makanan yang mengandung asupan gizi, mengkonsumsi tablet penambah darah (Fe), dan mengkonsumsi vitamin dan mineral. Selain itu, peran kader kesehatan sangat penting dalam mengatasi anemia pada ibu hamil. Maka dari itu, sangat penting untuk meningkatan pengetahuan atau pemberian edukasi gizi kepada kader kesehatan.
Analisis Ukuran Penyebaran Data (Kemiringan dan Keruncingan)?(Studi Kasus:Riwayat Penjualan Usaha Makanan Ibu Apri)
Authors: Nugroho Dzaki Aziz , Ariyanto Hendry Darmawan , Firdaus Maulana
Published: January 2021

Tujuan jurnal ini adalah untuk mencapai pemahaman yang mutakhir tentang Statistika, lebih spesifiknya kemiringan dan keruncingan di dalam Distribusi Data. Di abad ke-21, penggunaan Statistika telah dibuktikan sebagai metode efektif dalam menyusun data untuk mencapai sebuah kesimpulan baik kesimpulan itu diinginkan atau tidak. Distribusi data adalah sebuah daftar yang menunjukan kemungkinan nilai dari sebuah data, distribusi data juga memberitahu seberapa sering sebuah kemungkinan nilai terjadi. Di dalam Statistika, kemiringan juga digunakan untuk mengukur apakah simetri sebuah data. Keruncingan adalah sebuah ukuran dari dua ekor yang digabungkan, keruncingan mengukur jumlah kemungkinan yang ada di ekor. Penggunaan statistika sudah semakin mutakhir di beberapa dekade terakhir, dengan penggunaan komputer dalam membuat statistik, manusia telah mencapai pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang variabel tertentu yang mungkin merupakan penyebab dari sebuah anomali yang dapat memberi manfaat atau merugikan masyarakat manusia.The purpose of this journal was to achieve proper understanding of Statistics, specifically Skewness and Kurtosis in Data Distribution. In the 21th century, the usage of Statistics has been proven as an effective method of sorting data in order to reach to a certain conclusion whether it is desirable or not. Data distribution is a fuction or listing which shows all the possible values (or intevals) of the data, data distribution also tells you how often each value occurs. In Statistics, Skewness is used to measure the symmetry of data distribution. Kurtosis is a measure of the combined sizes of the two tails, it measures the amount of probability in the tails. The usage of statistics has improved drastically in the recent decades, with the application of computer in creating statistics, human has achieved better understanding about certain variables that may/might be the cause of an anomaly that will benefit or detriment the human society.
ANALISA KANDUNGAN UMBI-UMBIAN SEBAGAI BANTUAN NUTRISI GIZI BALITA SERTA PERAN KELUARGA MEMENUHI KEBUTUHAN NUTRISI BALITA GIZI YANG KURANG
Authors: Ningsih Windasari Putri Ayu
Published: January 2021

Masalah gizi merupakan masalah yang umum di beberapa negara sedang berkembang termasuk Indonesia terutama masalah kekurangan gizi. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi balita adalah pengetahuan gizi ibu yang dipraktikan dalam pola asuh dan pemberian makan. Selain itu, ketahanan rumah tangga merupakan salah satu faktor tidak langsung mempengaruhi status gizi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari perbedaan pengetahuan gizi dan status ketahanan pangan rumah tangga pada ibu dengan balita gizi kurang dan gizi norma
fikih
Authors: Baharuddin Nur Afifah
Published: January 2021

artikel ini berisi tentang ilmu fikih
Development of Nipa (Nypa fruticans) Sap Closed Collection Vessel
Authors: Madigal James Paul T. , Calixto Bethany Grace S. , Duldulao Michael , Ubiña Thomas D. , Agrupis Shirley C.
Published: January 2021

The ultimate goal of the present study was to develop a secure, safe, and hygienic nipa sap collection system for bioethanol production, with the aim of preserving its physico-chemical properties such as physical appearance, pH and sugar brix by reducing the rate of fermentation while attached to the peduncle. The developed collection system was evaluated in terms of the physical and chemical properties of nipa sap collected and ethanol yield in comparison to the traditional and existing collection system used by the nipa community which utilizes bamboo shingle as their collector. Physical appearance of the sap collected using the designed collection system had no foreign materials after harvesting while the traditional collection system had shown traces of insect infestation. The sap that was produced for both of the designed and traditional collection system was milky-white and yellowish-white in color respectively. There was a significant difference in terms of pH concentration of the sap collected using the designed collection system compared to the sap collected using the traditional system overtime. Sugar brix of nipa sap collected using designed collection system is significantly higher than the sap collected using traditional system. A total ethanol yield of 32.25% and 75.54% was obtained for the designed and traditional collection system respectively. Cost Analysis revealed that the designed collection system was found to be cheaper (PhP 11.93) than the traditional collection system (PhP. 20.00). The developed closed collection system can preserved the chemical properties of the nipa sap and could prevent acceleration of fermentation and the deterioration of its potential to yield more ethanol.
ACADEMIC WRITING
Authors: Asrifan Andi
Published: January 2021

The mastery of foreign languages, particularly English, becomes more important in Indonesia, because English is an international language and the language of science and technology. Moreover, the flow of capital investment from multinational companies and the coming of tourists from other countries offer many jobs and positions to those who are able to communicate in English.
Temporal Distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Letter Writing with Future Self can Mitigate Negative Affect
Authors: Chishima Yuta , Liu I-Ting Huai-Ching , Wilson Anne E
Published: January 2021

Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is spreading across the world, threatening not only physical health but also psychological well-being. We reasoned that a broadened temporal perspective may attenuate current mental distress and tested a letter-writing manipulation designed to connect people to their post-COVID-19 future selves. Participants were randomly assigned to either send a letter to their future self (letter-to-future), send a letter to present self from the perspective of future self (letter-from-future), or a control condition. Participants in both letter-writing conditions showed immediate decrease in negative affect and increase in positive affect relative to the control condition. These effects were mediated by temporal distancing from the current situation. These findings suggest that taking a broader temporal perspective can be achieved by letter-writing with a future self and may offer an effective means of regulating negative affect in a stressful present time such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Differences in self-compassion and shame-proneness in patients with borderline personality disorder, eating disorders, alcohol-addiction and in healthy controls: Is the narrative self at fault for everything?
Authors: Benda Jan , Kořínek Daniel , Vyhnánek Antonín , Nemlahová Tatiana
Published: January 2021

Objectives: The lack of self-compassion and shame-proneness may both be associated with a wide range of mental disorders. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of compassionate self-responding and shame-proneness in samples of patients with borderline personality disorder, eating disorders, alcohol-addiction and in healthy controls.Methods: All three clinical groups and healthy controls were administered scales measuring self-compassion (SCS) and shame-proneness (TOSCA-3S). Differences in compassionate self-responding and shame-proneness were analyzed and effect sizes were calculated.Results: All three clinical groups were found to have significantly lower compassionate self-responding and significantly higher shame-proneness than healthy controls. The magnitudes of difference in compassionate self-responding and shame-proneness, between all clinical groups and healthy controls, were moderate to large.Conclusions: We hypothesize, that implicit belief in self as a permanent entity together with the lack of self-compassion leads to increased shame-proneness, which causes various psychopathological symptoms. We assume, that clients suffering from all these disorders may benefit from treatments or particular interventions that facilitate the development of self-compassion or shame management.
Is Mind Quantum?
Authors: Kauffman Stuart , Radin Dean
Published: January 2021

If all aspects of the mind-brain relationship were adequately explained by classical physics, then there would be no need to propose alternative views. But faced with possibly unresolvable puzzles like qualia and free will, other approaches are required. We propose a non-substance dualism theory, following a suggestion by Heisenberg, whereby the world consists of both ontologically real Possibles that do not obey Aristotle’s law of the excluded middle, and ontologically real Actuals, that do obey the law of the excluded middle. Measurement converts Possibles into Actuals. This quantum-oriented approach solves numerous puzzles about the mind-brain relationship, but it also raises the intriguing possibility that some aspects of mind are nonlocal, and that mind plays an active role in the physical world. We suggest that the mind-brain relationship is partially quantum, and we present evidence supporting that proposition.
Negativity Spreads More than Positivity on Twitter after both Positive and Negative Political Situations
Authors: Schöne Jonas , Parkinson Brian , Goldenberg Amit
Published: January 2021

What type of emotional language spreads further in political discourses on social media? Previous research has focused on situations that primarily elicited negative emotions, showing that negative language tended to spread further. The current project extends existing knowledge by examining the spread of emotional language in response to both predominantly positive and negative political situations. In Study 1, we examined the spread of emotional language in tweets related to the winning and losing parties in the 2016 US elections, finding that increased negativity (but not positivity) predicted content sharing in both situations. In Study 2, we compared the spread of emotional language in two separate situations: the celebration of the US Supreme Court approval of same-sex marriage (positive), and the Ferguson Unrest (negative), finding again that negativity spread further. These results shed light on the nature of political discourse and engagement.
Empirical model for estimation of global solar radiation at lowland region Biratnagar using satellite data
Authors: Shrestha Ganesh Kumar , Pandey Binod , Joshi Usha , Poudyal Khem N.
Published: January 2021

This study proposes to find the regression coefficient of the modified Angstrom type model for the estimation of global solar radiation (GSR) in lowland Biratnagar (Lat. 26.5º N, Long. 87.3º E and Alt. 72m) using relative sunshine duration and satellite data of GSR. Using the regression technique, the empirical constants 0.29 and 0.56 are found in the modified Angstrom model. Furthermore, Modified Angstrom model along with other linear models such as Glover and McCulloch model, Page model, Rietveld model, and Turton's model are statistically assessed to evaluate the significance of models. Statistical tests like MPE, MBE, RMSE, and CC reveal that all these models are statistically significant. These findings can be utilized for other locations with a high confidence level at the similar climatic locations of Nepal.

BIBECHANA 18 (2021) 193-200
Moisture Sorption Characteristics of Weaning Food
Authors: Bhattarai Kabindra , Adhikari Babita , Ghimire Prabina
Published: January 2021

Stickiness and caking are the significant problems for food powders due to moisture migration from the storage environment. This study was conducted to determine the moisture sorption isotherm of weaning food (Nutrilac and Superceral) and to fit the sorption data in different sorption isotherm models. Static gravimetric method was used to determine the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) at 22-89% RH at 30°C. The EMC data obtained were plotted to the models Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET), Guggenheim Anderson and De Boer (GAB). Results indicated that sorption isotherms were of type II isotherm according to Brunauer et al., (1940) classification. BET model was fitted to the sorption data with coefficient of regression 0.985 and 0.986 for Nutrilac and Supercereal respectively. The GAB model was fitted with coefficient of regression 0.983 and 0.979 for Nutrilac and Supercereal respectively. Monolayer moisture content determined from the BET and GAB model at 30°C were 1.63 and 2.24 g/100g dry matter for Nutrilac and 1.51 and 2.26 g/100g dry matter for Supercereal respectively.
Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine combination: The future pharmacotherapy of COVID-19
Authors: Shukla Ananya , Mohabeer Pornasha , Kashyap Abhishek , Robinson Jared , Banerjee Indrajit
Published: January 2021

Background: In response to the urgency of increasing death toll due to COVID-19, caused due to SARS CoV-2, various drugs are under clinical trial, as there is no specific drug for its treatment. In an international survey that was recently conducted in which about 7500 physicians participated from all over the world considered that Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin were among the most effective ones for the pharmacotherapy of COVID-19. Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic whose mechanism of action against COVID-19 is still unknown, but various theories have been postulated. In vitro and in vivo studies have been conducted; however, their results are quite contradictory. Azithromycin is said to increase the risk of QT prolongation in elderly patients and when given in combination with Hydroxychloroquine can increase the risk of Torsade’s de pointes. Therefore, caution has to be paid before prescribing Azithromycin.

Conclusion: The mass loss of human lives is regrettable and needs to be stopped as soon as possible. Azithromycin could be the future drug for COVID-19, but such limited data is insufficient to support the drug's safety or efficacy and needs to be reconsidered.
SARS-CoV-2 - an update in virology: A Narrative Review
Authors: Mohabeer Poornasha , Banerjee Indrajit , Kashyap Abishek , Shukla Ananya , Robinson Jared , Ramdhan Nikhil D.
Published: January 2021

Background: SARS-CoV-2 is the highly infectious new coronavirus, which has been associated with the pandemic COVID-19. The majority of those pathogenic coronaviruses are benign, namely HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1, and they have been linked to common cases of flu. Two of these viruses namely SARS coronavirus and MERS coronavirus are known to have caused more severe infections. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the Coronaviruses are divided into four groups, which are: Alpha-CoV, Beta -CoV, Gamma-CoV, and Delta -CoV. The Beta- CoV genus is further classified into four lineages, which are referred to as Groups A, B, C, and D. At the genomic level, SARS-CoV-2 has been identified to match with the lineage B of Beta coronavirus. This infection affects the respiratory tract, mainly the lungs' alveoli, and can cause a wide variety of symptoms ranging from discharge from the nose and a sore throat to respiratory distress, septic shock, and failure of multiple organs. To date, millions of people have been affected by the virus. The current mortality rate is around 6%. Early diagnosis is essential to prevent the spread of the infection.  An extensive literature review was done using Pubmed, Medline, Pubmed Central, Embase, Goggle Scholar databases from January 20, 2020, till October 20, 2020.

Conclusion: COVID-19 is the third outbreak of a pathogenic human coronavirus, after MERS and SARS. Its high rate of transmissibility has taken a toll on citizens' personal and professional lives globally. The peculiarities of SARS-CoV-2, regarding its genomic uniqueness and the role of Malayan pangolins as intermediate hosts, still demands more research to determine the degree to which they partake in the generation of the pathogenicity and infectiousness of the virus.
HUMAN IDENTIFICATION BASED ON FACE RECOGNITION SYSTEM
Authors: K. Naji Saba , H. Hamad Muthana
Published: January 2021

Due to the great electronic development, which reinforced the need to define people's identities, different methods, and databases to identification people's identities have emerged. In this paper, we compare the results of two texture analysis methods: Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and Local Ternary Pattern (LTP). The comparison based on comparing the extracting facial texture features of 40 and 401 subjects taken from ORL and UFI databases respectively. As well, the comparison has taken in the account using three distance measurements such as; Manhattan Distance (MD), Euclidean Distance (ED), and Cosine Distance (CD). Where the maximum accuracy of the LBP method (99.23%) is obtained with a Manhattan and ORL database, while the LTP method attained (98.76%) using the same distance and database. While, the facial database of UFI shows low quality, which is satisfied 75.98% and 73.82% recognition rates using LBP and LTP respectively with Manhattan distance.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE OF INDUSTRIAL PANEL
Authors: A. Ali Methaq , H. Miry Abbas , M. Salman Tariq
Published: January 2021

Artificial intelligence has been widely used in various applications such as health and safety, smart homes, greenhouses, and industrial application. It has been increasingly utilized in the industry owing to its benefits in terms of enhancing the overall performance of a given system. This study appeared from a real need in many local industries. In this paper, a prototype system has been implemented for artificial control on the temperature of the industrial panel. The paper includes two control systems executed; classical PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) and fuzzy logic with a comparison between them. Fuzzy control algorithm is developing based on Sugeno method inside PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). The connection of PLC with sensors is used by the Modbus protocol. Arduino UNO and Ethernet shield are used to connect the sensor to the router and then to PLC by Modbus.
High Lycopene Tomato Breeding Through Diallel Crossing
Authors: Bdr Muh Farid , Anshori Muhammad Fuad , Emanuella Gracia , Pratiwi Nur , Ermiyanti Irna , Yovita Vivi , Musdalifa M. , Nasaruddin N.
Published: January 2021

Tomatoes are known as one of the natural source of antioxidant, which is a compound that can inhibit and reduce oxidative cell and biomolecule damages, such as lipid, protein, and DNA. Health benefits from lycopene made this compound a tomato breeding subject for increasing its nutrient content. Tomato breeding is an environment friendly and sustainable method in agriculture biofortification methods, hence making the efforts for increasing tomato lycopene content to be possible. The aim of this research was to produce tomato hybrid with high lycopene and yield. This research was conducted in Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin Univerisy, Makassar throughout June-Septermber 2020. This research was done in full diallel analysis using Griffing 1 method. Hybrid characters are highly determined with the presence of maternal effect. Lycopene has no correlation with productionCharacters correlated with lycopene are plant height, number of leaves, number of fruits per bunch, fruit length and fruit diameter, whilst productivity is correlated with number of leaves, stem diameter, and fruit diameter. Hybrids that can be used in further selection are CM, MC, MBC and KBC
The pottery from the site of Wakarida
Authors: Benoist Anne , Bernard Vincent , Verdellet Cecile
Published: January 2021

Excavations carried out between 2012 and 2014 at Wakarida in north-eastern Tigray has brought to light a huge quantity of pottery distributed in the different levels identified on the site. This contribution presents the different pottery assemblages collected and proposes a periodization of the occupation of Wakarida city in two main periods called Period I and Period II, with period I including two successive phases (IA and IB). Pottery comparisons and 14C dating allow a first dating of both assemblages.
Physical Failure Analysis Techniques and Studies on Vertical Short Issue of 65nm Devices
Authors: Tan P.K. , Mai Z.H. , Toh S.L. , Hendarto E. , Deng Q. , Goh Y.W. , Cai J.L. , Ma Y.Z. , Lin H.B. , Zhu L. , Yu J. , Li H.L. , Wang Q.F. , He R. , Tan H. , Lam J.
Published: January 2021

With the scaling down of semiconductor devices to nanometer range, physical failure analysis (PFA) has become more challenging. In this paper, a different method of performing PFA to identify a physical vertical short of intermetal layer in nanoscale devices is discussed. The proposed chemical etch and backside chemical etch PFA techniques have the advantages of sample preparation evenness and efficiency compared to conventional PFA. This technique also offers a better understanding of the failure mechanism and is easier to execute in identifying the vertical short issue.
Backside Circuit Edit on Full-Thickness Silicon Devices
Authors: Rue Chad , Herschbein Steven , Scrudato Carmelo
Published: January 2021

The sample preparation required for a typical backside circuit edit (CE) is a significant barrier for some labs, as it requires specific hardware and considerable operator expertise. There are also instances in which it is not possible to mechanically thin the silicon in the typical fashion. This paper addresses the possibility of backside CE be performed on full-thickness silicon devices and the possibility of skipping off the thinning step, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of this approach. Sample trenches are shown, and trenching optimization experiments are described. The paper addresses the issues of navigation, including IR imaging through full-thickness silicon, and how it depends on the sample doping levels. Finally, it presents data on a novel navigational technique that can be employed to improve targeting accuracy. The paper shows that backside CE on full-thickness silicon devices is possible despite the challenges.
Differentiation between Artifacts and True Defects in 45 nm BEOL Structures in M-TLS Technique
Authors: Reverdy A. , de la Bardonnie M. , Poirier P. , Murray H. , Domengès B. , Perdu P.
Published: January 2021

Modulated Thermal Laser Stimulation (M-TLS) has been established as a key technique to accurately localize defects at elementary structure level, in deep submicron technologies. It has been achieved by Thermal Time Constant analysis (TTC) which allows the study of thermal exchange dynamics. In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time the efficiency of this technique on 45 nm Back End Of the Line (BEOL) defective test structure on image mode, and we underline the efficiency of the developed technique to differentiate artifacts from true defects in 45 nm BEOL structures.
Calibration of Nanoprobe Capacitance-Voltage Spectroscopy (NCVS)
Authors: Kane Terence , Tenney Michael P. , Erickson Andrew , Harris Peter
Published: January 2021

MOSFET devices are routinely measured at the probe pad level with conventional capacitance-voltage (CV) measurement instruments. Such measurements are done at the front end of line (FEOL) and back end of line (BEOL) process completion levels. The CV data is used to monitor the process and verify certain parametrics such as effective oxide thickness (EOT), Tox, gate drain overlap capacitance (Miller capacitance), trapped charge, diffusion/halo implant oxide leakage, doping concentration, threshold implant level and many others. This type of testing is treated at length in the classic text of Nichollian and Brews [1]. The introduction of Nanoprobe Capacitance Voltage Spectroscopy (NCVS) of discrete MOSFET devices and the method of performing scanning capacitance imaging (SCM) have been previously presented [2]. In that work, the authors used a capacitance sensor to measure the capacitance of an individual failing embedded DRAM capacitor. This paper will describe nanoprobe CV measurements of a discrete finger device from a multiple finger test structure and show comparable results obtained at the probe pad level, using an improved version of the earlier capacitance sensor. By comparing the BEOL test structure measurements with NCVS results from a single finger, we will verify and calibrate the nanoprobing technique.
Backside Failure Analysis by Electroluminescence on Microwave Devices
Authors: Bouya M. , Carisetti D. , Delaqueze P. , Clement J.C. , Malbert N. , Labat N. , Perdu P.
Published: January 2021

III-V HBT (Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor) and HEMT (High Electron Mobility Transistor) are playing a key role for power and RF low noise applications. As well as the improvement of the MMIC performances, the localization of the defects and the failure analysis of these devices are very challenging. Active area thickness is only few nanometers, backside failure localization is mandatory because of thermal drain or metal bridge covering the front side, materials involved might be of ultimate hardness and/or high chemical sensitivity while failure mechanisms strongly differ from Si technology ones. To face these challenges, we have developed a complete approach, without degrading the component, based on backside failure analysis by electroluminescence. Its efficiency and completeness have been demonstrated through case studies.
The Failure Analysis of Specific Source-to-Drain Dislocation and Case Study
Authors: Wang C. H. , Lai S.W. , Wu C.Y. , Chen B.T. , Chiou J.Y. , Chou J.H.
Published: January 2021

A failure incurred in the front-end is typically a bottleneck to production due the need for physical failure analysis (PFA). Often the challenge is to perform timely localization of the front-end defect, or finding the exact physical defect for process improvement. Many process parameters affect the device behaviour and cause the front-end defect. Simply, the failures are of two types: high-resistance and leakage. A leakage mode defect is the most difficult to inspect. Although conductive atomic force microscopy and six probes nano-probing are popular tools for front-end failure inspection, some specific defects still need more effort. The electrical phenomenon and analysis of a crystalline defect will be demonstrated in this paper. The details will be discussed below.
Case Study of High Temperature Failure Analyses Using an On-Chip “Heater”
Authors: Zhang Fubin , Lewis Corey , Duryea Tim
Published: January 2021

Two cases of high temperature failure analyses are presented. In both cases an on-chip “heater” – power MOSFET was used to achieve high temperature for both global fault isolation and block/transistor level nodal analysis. The “heater” provides a quick and effective way of changing the device temperature without significantly modifying the bench setup. In both cases, the results show improved probability of successfully isolating the fail site, by performing OBIRCH analysis and nodal analysis.
Physical Failure Analysis Techniques Using 3D Rotation Imaging Method by STEM
Authors: Back Tae-Sun , Kim Jong-Hyeop , Lee Soon-Ju , Jung Jin-Woo , Jung Te-O , Kim Ho-Joung , Lee Soun-Young
Published: January 2021

Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscope analysis combined with focused ion beam have been used to locate the physical defect. Visualizing the defect by these techniques was found to be difficult. This paper introduces a novel physical failure analysis technique using 3D rotation STEM imaging. It describes the electrical method of analyzing the cause of failure. Trying to determine with 2D imaging if the defect was a crystalline or not was problematical. To resolve the issue, a pillar type of specimen was made by utilizing a 3D rotation holder and observed with the sample from different directions. Results confirmed that the generation of dislocations can occur according to the variation of the stress transferred to the bulk Si. The variation was due to stress intensity and pattern isolation as a function of the film volume of spin on dielectric material and shallow trench isolation size.
Frontside and Backside Analysis of Surface ESD
Authors: Daly Dermot , Grogan Linda , Keating Fergal
Published: January 2021

In an effort to understand the failing mechanism of power to ground (Vdd-GND) shorts found on FPGA devices by standard ATE methods at Final Test; the recently discovered ESDFOS (Electro Static Discharge from Outside to Surface)[1] mechanism was revealed as the perpetrator. This ESDFOS was first brought to the attention of the authors when it was seen in the May 2005 issue of the EDFA magazine [2].The physical signatures of ESDFOS such as cracked SiN passivation, Al metal filament spiking, SiO2 dielectric break down can often be related to other failing mechanisms and it can therefore be difficult to irrefutably associate those physical signature to ESDFOS and to make a strong case for action. In this paper standard front side FIB cross sections combined with a novel backside technique were used to establish that the failing devices underwent an ESDFOS event prior to the epoxy encapsulation process. Using the failure analysis results alterations were made to the assembly process which have reduced the occurrence of Vdd-GND shorts.
Trust, Society and Governance: An Islamic Perspective on Malaysian Institutions (Keyakinan, Masyarakat dan Tadbir Urus: Perspektif Islam Terhadap Institusi di Malaysia)
Authors: Altabaa Homam , Idid Syed Arabi
Published: January 2021

The significance of trust cannot be overestimated for an individual or a society. Its value may become more discernible when trust is not present and its opposites such as uncertainty, accusation and cynicism take over a person or a group. The major aim of this paper is to investigate the role of the Islamic worldview in building and explaining the trust levels discovered in the survey.  This paper first explores the religious dimensions and sociological implications of the concept of trust in Islam. The elements of trust in a host of Malaysian institutions are then analysed based on a survey conducted among Muslim respondents. This survey was conducted across Malaysia with hundreds of Malay/Muslim respondents. It covered social, public and governmental institutions. These include parents, siblings, relatives, spiritual/religious leaders, community leaders, friends, neighbours, teachers, the military, the civil service, the legal and judiciary system, the police, local big companies, mass media, the parliament, the federal government, political leaders, and political parties. The study concluded that some levels of trust towards certain institutions among Malaysian Muslims reflect the Islamic ideals of a Muslim community. However, the Islamic standards demand better outcomes from some institutions that are not highly trusted by the Muslim respondents.
Keywords: Trust, Amanah, Islamic society, Trust in Malaysia, Institutional trust.
Abstrak
Elemen keyakinan dan kepercayaan individu mahupun masyarakat awam tidak boleh dipandang remeh. Jika tiada keyakinan atau terdapat percanggahan, maka wujudnya ketidakpastian, tuduhan dan curiga oleh individu atau kumpulan. Tujuan utama makalah adalah untuk mengkaji pandangan dari perspektif Islam dalam membangun dan menerangkan tahap kepercayaan terhadap institusi yang ditemui dalam tinjauan ini.  Makalah ini meninjau konsep yakin dari sudut pandangan Islam dan implikasi sosiologi. Satu tinjauan dilakukan bagi mengkaji tahap keyakinan terhadap beberapa institusi di Malaysia. Tinjauan ini dilakukan di seluruh Malaysia melibatkan ramai responden Melayu yang merangkumi institusi sosial, awam dan kerajaan. Institusi di sini bermaksud ibu bapa, adik beradik, sanak-saudara, pemimpin agama, pemimpin masyarakat, rakan, jiran, guru, tentera, penjawat awam, sistem perundangan dan kehakiman, polis, syarikat-syarikat besar tempatan, media massa, parlimen, kerajaan persekutuan, pemimpin politik, dan parti politik.
Kata Kunci: Keyakinan, amanah, masyarakat Islam, keyakinan di Malaysia, keyakinan institusi.
أهمية المقاربة الحضارية في حل مشكلات العالم الإسلامي: إسهامات مالك بن نبي
Authors: برغوث عبد العزيز , حسنين إسماعيل
Published: January 2021

تتناول هذه الورقة بالتحليل سؤال المقاربة الحضارية وأهميته الكبرى في حل مشكلات العالم الإسلامي. وتؤكد الورقة بأنه بدون تطوير قدرات ومناهج التفكير الحضاري، واستخدام أدوات التحليل الحضاري فإنه سيكون من الصعب تماما فهم مشكلات العالم الإسلامي المتعددة ومعالجتها بالطريقة المنهجية العلمية المناسبة. ومما لا شك فيه بأن المقاربة الحضارية أو الرؤية الحضارية في التفكير رؤية متكاملة ومتوازنة وشاملة تعالج القضايا والمشكلات الاجتماعية والثقافية بطريقة أكثر تكاملا وعلمية، وتستخدم أدوات ومناهج مستقاة من مختلف المناهج والمقاربات الاجتماعية والإنسانية، وتسفيد من توجيهات الدين والقيم، وتعمل على تقديم تحليلات شمولية لظاهرة التحضر والتغيير الاجتماعي. وقد أسهم الكثير من علماء ومفكري الإسلام القدماء والمعاصرين في تطوير هذه المقاربة الحضارية. وفي هذا السياق يمكن ذكر جهود عبد الرحمن بن خلدون من القدماء، وجهود مالك بن نبي من المعاصرين. وتركز هذه الورقة في إبراز بعض أطروحات مالك بن نبي في تطوير المقاربة الحضارية وتطبيقها في تحليل مشكلات العالم الإسلامي، واقتراح الحلول المنهجية العلمية لها. وخلصت الورقة إلى أن مالك بن بني كان من الأوائل الذين اتخذوا من الحضارة "وحدة للتحليل"؛ حيث تبناها واستخدمها كرؤية لعرض جانب مهم من فكره. وتعتبر "الحضارة" بوصفها وحدة للتحليل الحضاري والاجتماعي سمة بارزة في جهوده الفكرية، حيث تمكن من تطوير منظومة متكاملة من الأدوات التحليلية والمفردات المنهجية التي مكنته من تقديم تحليل عميق، ومتقدم للوضع الحضاري والثقافي والاجتماعي والاقتصادي والروحي والنفسي والقيمي للعالم الإسلامي. ومن أجل تقديم تحليل متوازن عرجت الورقة على نقطتين  أساستين هما: 1) التناول المنهجي لمفهوم الحضارة، 2) الحضارة بوصفها وحدة لتحليل مشكلات العالم الإسلامي. ومن بين ما أوصت به الورقة أهمية أن يُعزز المشتغلين بفكر مالك بن نبي المقاربة الحضارية التي طورها واستخدمها، وأن يعمقوا الأبحاث في هذه المنظومة، ومفرداتها، وآلياتها، وضوابطها، وتطبيقاتها. وبدون هذه النظرة المنظومية الحضارية لفكر مالك بن نبي فقد يكون من الصعوبة الإفادة منه وتطويره.